bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Voces de la equidad
Authors: Ibargüen Fallola , Quiñones Mina Sonia Alexandra , Castro Álvarez Vanessa , Bárcenas Flor , Riascos Gongora Hodaris Liliana , Mosquera Katherine , Mosquera Lina , Murillo Luz Colombia , Lugo Maturana Lina , Ramos Castillo Ginna Liceth , Quintero Sarmiento Laura
Published: October 2024

Voces de la equidad está compuesto por once autorías de mujeres en diferentes géneros literarios. Estos relatos, cuentos y poesía nos conectan con la nostalgia y el desasosiego, el amor y la celebración por la vida, los recuerdos, la oralidad y ancestralidad del Pacífico colombiano, el destierro, la muerte, pero también la resistencia, libertad y esperanza.
Editors’ Introduction: Connectivity and Diversity in Music Cognition
Authors: Aliyeva Imina , Dibben Nicola , Garrido Sandra , Pérez-Acosta Gabriela , Timmers Renee
Published: October 2024

Scholarly interest in the context of music listening and its influence on music cognition and connection is flourishing after decades of a predominantly individualistic approach. This article introduces a special issue that explores research on the theme of connectivity and diversity in music cognition research arising from the ICMPC16-ESCOM11 conference. The conference itself, held online during the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, transcended national borders, bringing together researchers and practitioners from multiple continents in a digital context. In this introduction, we set the scene for this topic as it related to the conference. The included papers are the outcome of workshops held as part of the conference. The first paper in the special issue explores the use of embodied consciousness as part of  pedagogical strategies to help music performers connect with embodied memories that can support their understanding of the work they are performing. The second paper considers uses of music in the early stages of motherhood, including a comparison between the active choice to regularly sing or listen to music and its perceived effects for the mother and her infant. The papers and associated commentaries offer a window into the rich research theme of connectivity and diversity that is likely to be influential over the years to come.
Detection of phase modulation disorder when processing a sequence of ultra-wideband quasi-radio signals against a background of white Gaussian noise
Authors: Korchagin Yu.E. , Titov K.D. , Zavalishina O.N. , Vinogradov A.D.
Published: October 2024

In conditions of a complex electromagnetic environment in communication and data transmission systems, a change in the type of modulation occurs when one or more signal parameters change abruptly, therefore the task of determining the type of signal modulation can be reduced to the task of detecting a disorder, that is, detecting the fact of a change in the type of modulation of the signal and estimation of the disorder time. The purpose of the work is to synthesize an algorithm for detecting phase modulation disorder when processing a sequence of ultra-wideband quasi-radio signals with unknown amplitude and initial phase against a background of white Gaussian noise and to analyze the effectiveness of the resulting algorithm based on the results of statistical modeling. The work synthesizes an algorithm for detecting a phase modulation disorder of a received sequence of ultra-wideband quasi-radio signals against a background of white Gaussian noise. To analyze the effectiveness of the resulting algorithm, statistical modeling of algorithm for detecting a phase modulation disorder is carried out. The dependences of the probability of detection of a disorder on the signal-to-noise ratio and the length of the sequence of received signals at a fixed moment of disorder are obtained. A comparison of the detection characteristics of phase modulation disorder of ultra-wideband quasi-radio signals and narrowband radio signals is made. It is shown that when a low-order phase modulation disorder is detected, the required values of the probability of detection are achieved at low signal-to-noise ratios, while with an increase in the modulation order and the use of its modifications, the efficiency indicators of the algorithm will deteriorate. The introduction of algorithms for detecting a disorder in radio engineering applications will allow optimizing synchronization algorithms and adaptation to interference conditions with a concomitant change in the type of modulation, as well as reducing the amount of transmitted service information in telecommunication systems.
Assessing the stability of direction finding by virtual magnetic dipoles when using a dielectrically opaque radio direction finder radome
Authors: Ishchenko E.A. , Pasternak Yu.G. , Penduyrin V.A. , Fedorov S.M.
Published: October 2024

The implementation of highly mobile direction finding systems based on UAVs is an important and urgent task, however, antenna systems that are installed on UAVs lead to a decrease in aerodynamic efficiency, which can lead to a decrease in operating time and flight range. To solve this problem, fairings are used, which cannot always be realized on the basis of dielectrically transparent materials. All this, combined with the electrical nature of wave scattering near the UAV, leads to distortion of the field characteristics, significantly complicating direction finding. This paper proposes the use of the method of virtual antenna arrays based on virtual magnetic dipoles, which are formed on the basis of vector antennas to increase the accuracy of direction finding. This research was funded by Russian Science Foundation, No. 19-79-109, https://rscf.ru/project/19-79-10109 /.
Methodology for modeling and optimizing liquid cooling plates in the design of electronic equipment
Authors: Samoilenko N.E. , Tsipina N.V. , Bolychev Y.A. , Voronin D.R. , Tsipina K.D.
Published: October 2024

Problem formulation. When solving the problem of excessive heat generation, which occurs when operating radio-electronic devices with a high density of electronic components and increased power, it is necessary to use cooling. Otherwise, this problem can lead to overheating of the electronics, which in turn can cause malfunctions of the devices or even their failure. Purpose. Development of a technique that will improve the cooling process of radioelectronic devices due to op-thymization of the parameters of liquid cooling plates. Results. A mathematical statement was formed, a modeling technique was proposed and procedures for optimizing liquid cooling plates were performed. Based on the developed 3D model of the liquid cooling plate, multivariate analysis procedures have been implemented using modern automated design tools. The liquid cooling system was optimized using modern modeling software, in particular the Solidworks Simulation program. Practical significance. The presented simulation results can be used in designing and creating cooling systems for various devices and devices.
An algorithm for incoherent reception and processing of a multiplexed TMBOC-signal at a single intermediate frequency
Authors: Nerovny V.V. , Zhuravlev A.V. , Radko V.S. , Mironov V.A.
Published: October 2024

Problem statement. A promising direction for the development of the global navigation satellite system is the creation of new types of signals with code separation. High availability and accuracy of consumer location determination refer to signals having an autocorrelation function with a narrow main peak and a low level of side lobes. One of the types of such signals is promising multiplexed TMBOC signals. But the processing of this signal has not been fully studied, namely, signal processing with TMBOC modulation in an incoherent reception mode. Purpose. Synthesis of an algorithm for incoherent reception and processing of a multiplexed TMBOC signal at a single intermediate frequency. Results. Analytical expressions are obtained for the output voltages of the discriminators of the frequency tracking system and the delay tracking system. The schemes of discriminators of the frequency tracking system and the delay tracking system are obtained. Practical significance. The results can be used by specialists in the field of satellite radio navigation in the modernization of global navigation satellite systems.
Method of allocation of information streams in the digital communication system with usage the generalized index
Authors: Mezhuev A.M. , Kobelev K.A. , Sturov D.L. , Babusenko S.I.
Published: October 2024

In conditions of constantly increasing intensity of input traffic and increasing requirements for the quality of service of heterogeneous information in digital communication systems (DCS), significant overloads often arise in individual switching nodes (SM) and in entire segments of the system, which lead to an unacceptable decrease in the efficiency of information exchange ( AND ABOUT). In this case, a contradiction arises between the available channel-network resource of the DSS and the possibility of its effective use to provide information output with the required quality under conditions of high input traffic. Resolution of this contradiction is possible based on the implementation of a set of measures that ensure optimal distribution of information flows (routing) taking into account the capabilities of the DCS for transmitting and storing information. However, existing approaches, algorithms and implemented routing protocols are based on the use of local metric parameters, which do not allow to fully resolve the noted contradiction. Thus, it is urgent to search for new ways to effectively distribute information flows, allowing to improve a number of important characteristics of the information source (average time delay of a packet, number of losses, performance of the digital network). It should be noted that to implement these methods, it is necessary to use a generalized indicator of information efficiency, which at the network level would simultaneously characterize the capabilities of the central network for transmitting and storing information. Ultimately, solving this problem is of great scientific and practical importance for ensuring the timeliness and reliability of information transfer to the DCS.
An analytical model of a pulse signal reflected from a small-sized object located in the covering layer
Authors: Kiryushkin V.V. , Cherepanov D.A. , Zhuravlev A.V. , Smolin A.V.
Published: October 2024

Formulation of the problem. Existing methods and devices implementing them do not provide the required probability of correct detection and a low level of false alarms when detecting and recognizing anti-personnel and anti-tank mines in the ground. Based on this, there is currently an objective need to solve the urgent scientific task of improving the scientific and methodological apparatus for detecting and recognizing small-sized objects located in the covering layer. Purpose. Improving the scientific and methodological apparatus for detecting and recognizing subsurface targets by refining the analytical model of a pulse signal reflected from a small-sized object located in the covering layer. Results. A refined analytical model of a pulse signal reflected from a small-sized object located in the covering layer is proposed. The results of mathematical modeling and assessment of the adequacy of the obtained model are presented. Practical significance. The results obtained can be used in the synthesis of algorithms for the search, detection and recognition of small objects located in the covering layer.
Spatio-temporal adaptive algorithm using Hamming code based on 3D-MIMO wireless channel model
Authors: Fedosov V.P. , Ibadov R.R. , Ibadov S.R.
Published: October 2024

Space-time coding is an effective method for constructing communication systems while saving bandwidth, taking into account the shortage of frequency resources and power in fading channels, which is implemented based on the advantages of using adaptive antenna arrays. Currently, WiMAX radio access technology has become widespread; its use is justified in conditions of direct visibility between the base and mobile stations, but in a city with dense buildings and in the presence of organized interference, its use leads to an increase in the likelihood of bit errors. At the same time, the combination of OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) and MIMO (spatial coding) technologies based on adaptive antenna arrays significantly reduces the probability of bit errors, and therefore increases the throughput of the communication system. The use of adaptive space-time devices at the outputs of antenna arrays makes it possible to select a signal path with maximum power and with a minimum error in receiving OFDM pilot subcarriers, even in the absence of direct visibility between the base and mobile stations and in conditions of active interference. In addition, the use of a 3D model of the communication channel will allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of the communication system model in real operating conditions. The goal of the work is to solve the problem of additionally increasing noise immunity in communication systems in conditions of numerous reflections caused by dense buildings in urban environments, using a combination of Hamming code, OFDM and an algorithm for adaptive spatio-temporal signal processing in receivers such as SISO (Singl Input – Singl Output), and MIMO (Multiply Input – Multiply Output), built on adaptive antenna arrays. The work calculated the weight coefficients of the adaptation algorithm using the theory of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the spatial correlation matrix of signals at the outputs of the adaptive antenna arrays. Modeling of algorithms and a 3D model of the communication channel in Matlab using the Hamming code was carried out, as a result, an increase in the efficiency of error correction for the Hamming code was demonstrated, as well as a significant reduction in the probability of code errors and an increase in the performance of the communication system when using an adaptive algorithm. At the same time, the article uses the term “multipath” channel in contrast to the generally accepted, but incorrect “multibeam” channel, since multibeam can be a characteristic of an antenna system. The presented results confirm that when processing signals in a receiving system in a multipath channel with dense urban development, the use of adaptive spatiotemporal algorithms provides increased noise immunity and radio communication capacity, especially for image transmission when using unmanned aerial vehicles.
DAC phase and amplitude noise experimental studies in RZ, NRZ and RF modes
Authors: Korolev A.V. , Rykov S.G.
Published: October 2024

Amplitude and duration of pulses generated by current cells of multimode DAC may differ in real DACs. In this case the problem arises of current pulse parameters defining, their relationship with frequency domain response and noise parameters of DAC, which can be experimentally determined. The article describes the measurements of frequency domain response, phase noise and amplitude noise of multimode DAC output signal in RZ, NRZ and RF (mixed) mode. Phase noise and amplitude noise of multimode DAC in RZ and RF modes calculation uses experimental data obtained in RZ mode. Measurement and consequent calculation of AD9739 DAC phase and amplitude noise confirmed the theoretical analysis.
About Interaction of the Cylindrical Wave with Ideal and Modify Lenses from Metamaterial
Authors: Anyutin A. P.
Published: October 2024

The results of numerical solution of the scattering of cylindrical wave by ideal or modify (lens from metamaterial with vacuum insertion) lenses from metamaterial are presented. Applied results were interpreted by geometric optic method. It is shown that diffraction effects deal with lens’s boundaries influence on focusing effects and near field structure.
Ka-band phased array antenna with waveguide power distributor
Authors: Kolesnikov V. L. , Bragin A. V. , Urubkov N. P.
Published: October 2024

Known designs of Ka-band phased array antennas incorporate an optical feed or a radial waveguide feed. Significant disadvantage of an optical feed is microwave energy overflow through antenna aperture, which decreases aperture efficiency and increases a side lobe level. Optical feed requires additional space for feeding antenna location and increases overall antenna dimensions. The design of a phased array with a radial waveguide feed forces placement of the phase shifter control circuits outside the dimensions of the array and increases overall antenna dimensions. The purpose of the article is to design a Ka-band phased antenna array (PAA) with a waveguide feed with smallest overall dimensions and various aperture shapes. The manufactured prototype of PAA with a grid pitch of 6x6 mm and size of 300x40 mm showed acceptable results of the side lobe level, scanning sector ±45° and gain factor. Proposed Ka-band phased array antenna design allows one to construct the extremely compact radar of various types including airborne radars.
Cassegrain antenna at a frequency of 118 GHz for communication between artificial Earth satellites
Authors: Belov Yu. G. , Biryukov V. V. , Vorobyov I. A. , Malakhov V. A. , Obraztsova D. V. , Raevskaya Yu. V. , Raevsky A. S. , Shcherbakov V. V.
Published: October 2024

Currently, work is continuing on the study of the terahertz range. In wireless communications, this range is interesting for transmitting large amounts of data over long distances. The main problem of using the terahertz range for building wireless communication systems is the low output power of radiation sources. Therefore, it is advisable to use antennas with a high gain in such systems. Such antennas include antennas built according to the Cassegrain scheme. This antenna design scheme allows you to obtain a narrow radiation pattern with a gain of at least 40 dB. Thus, it is of interest to consider a Cassegrain antenna at a frequency of 118 GHz with a gain of at least 55 dB and a minimum level of side lobes. To achieve the required characteristics, it is necessary to consider various designs and choose the optimal scheme for building a two-mirror antenna. The most important element of the antenna is the irradiator. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the types of horns and their characteristics in order to achieve the necessary amplitude-phase distribution of the electromagnetic field in the opening of the main mirror. The calculation and analysis of the characteristics of the Cassegrain horns and antenna has been carried out using CAD. The above antenna characteristics in the terahertz frequency range in the conditions of the Earth's atmosphere should provide wireless communication at a distance of several kilometers, and in outer space for several thousand kilometers.
Analysis of the characteristics of slot emitters on waveguides integrated into the substrate by the method of moments
Authors: Gridnev V. I.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a mathematical model for analyzing the characteristics of SIW structures with slot emitters, based on solving the integral equations of the problem by the method of moments. Due to its short computation time, the program can serve as the basis for developing programs for the synthesis of slot antenna arrays. The correct operation of the program is confirmed by comparison with a commercial program. It has been shown that in a SIW waveguide, as an open structure, incident and reflected waves belong to the class of complex waves. They are not planar, exist outside the SIW boundaries, and have unequal lateral structure. In the region of the pin walls, the Poynting vector can have the direction opposite to the wave motion. Using the concept of an equivalent transmission line for an open structure allows one to calculate the reflection coefficient in any section of the waveguide. It has been established that application of the equivalent waveguide model to the slots is appropriate for determining the initial values in the synthesis procedure. The required slot displacements on the SIW are small, which requires high precision in antenna manufacturing. The work shows that the phase of the electric field in the cross section of the slot is uneven. Only in very narrow slots the phase changes insignificantly. In wider slots, the phase distribution depends on the slot width and its displacement, which significantly changes the dependence of the slot parameters on the displacement.
Planar slotted waveguide antenna array for monopulse radar
Authors: Koshkid’ko V. G. , Fleyteng V. A. , Dementiev A. N. , Myasnikov D. L.
Published: October 2024

In monopulse radar, along with mirror and lens antennas, slotted waveguide antenna arrays (SWA) are often used, especially in those cases when it is required to have a flat non-protruding shape and compact dimensions. The design and manufacturing of such antennas have specialties associated with the use of non-standard feeding systems of radiating waveguides, which are considered in this paper as the example of creation of a flat SWA intended for use in a monopulse search and tracking radar. The aim of the article is calculating and modeling a slotted waveguide antenna array based on a hollow metal waveguide with a given level of side lobes and main lobe width of the radiation pattern. The developed SWA contains a radiating and feeding part. The radiating part, with 24 linear resonant waveguide-slot antennas with longitudinal slots on the wide wall of the waveguide, is divided into two subarrays to realize the monopulse mode. Each subarray is fed from the feeding waveguide through slanted slots cut in the wide wall of the waveguide. The antenna design calculation has been carried out in the MathCad, and the modeling has been performed in CAD Ansys HFSS. The energy method has been used to calculate the coordinates of the longitudinal slots on the wide wall of the radiating waveguide as well as the inclined slots on the wide wall of the feeding one. The calculated radiation patterns of the developed antenna array in the E- and H-planes in sum and difference modes have been shown. The paper outlines the methodology for designing a monopulse antenna system using a SWA. The system forms a beam directed perpendicular to the antenna plane. During the design process, the slotted waveguide antenna array based on a hollow waveguide has been modeled and researched to obtain the required characteristics specified in the technical requirements. The proposed approach can be applied to practical antenna design for monopulse radars.
A New Method for Integrating a Deep Learning Module into Special Object Classification Software
Authors: Arkhipov P.O. , Philippskih S.L. , Tsukanov M.V.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses a method for integrating a deep learning module into special software based on classical computer vision methods. This software implements the functions of creating panoramic images and their subsequent comparison with the ability to highlight different areas. The integration of deep learning methods is aimed at automating the classification of found objects and solving problems associated with identifying a large number of small objects and noise anomalies. In the process of carrying out the research, an additional neural network generative model was created that improves the quality of classification by increasing the size of the training dataset. This model was implemented in the form of an ensemble of variational autoencoders, which made it possible to simplify the learning process and fine-tuning of neural networks. Also, in order to assess the quality of the ensemble of variational autoencoders, a new method for checking the generated synthetic data was developed. The result of the integration was improved special software capable of classifying the detected found objects of interest with high accuracy.
Estudio comparativo entre Cataluña y Asturias de representaciones lingüísticas en Educación Primaria: autorretratos y plurilingüismo
Authors: Sánchez-Quintana Nuria , Fernández-Viciana Ana
Published: October 2024

Este estudio responde a una investigación conjunta de la Facultad de Educación (Universidad de Barcelona) y la Facultad Padre Ossó (Universidad de Oviedo). Con un propósito general de contribuir a nuevos enfoques plurilingües e interculturales, los objetivos específicos han permitido a) analizar las representaciones de los estudiantes sobre sus repertorios lingüísticos; b) identificar y clasificar las asociaciones establecidas con las lenguas en sus autorretratos; c) comparar estas asociaciones en dos comunidades bilingües. Los resultados muestran el valor simbólico que los participantes otorgan a las lenguas de sus repertorios en estas comunidades, un componente crucial este en la construcción de la identidad lingüística y en el aprendizaje. El estudio es relevante no solo por los resultados, dadas las características de los territorios con contextos, modelos y políticas lingüísticas diferenciados, sino, además, por la transferibilidad del diseño metodológico empleado, aplicable al estudio de otros contextos bilingües –y multilingües– internacionales de interés.
Musication: un recurso TIC para docentes de Música
Authors: López Melgarejo Alba María , López Muñoz Norberto , de Moya Martínez María del Valle
Published: October 2024

La finalidad de este estudio es identificar los elementos musicales más significativos presentes en los vídeos del canal de Youtube Musication que agrupa un gran número de musicomovigramas para instrumentos PAD (Percusión de Altura Determinada) y PAI (Percusión de Altura Indeterminada). Se ha llevado a cabo una metodología cualitativa basada en la curación de contenidos a través del análisis de los vídeos, se han clasificado según su nivel de dificultad (baja, media y alta), dando como resultado un catálogo con 97 musicomovigramas acordes a tres etapas de educación, Infantil, Primaria y Secundaria. Para ello, se ha creado una ficha de recogida creada ad hoc previamente validada por un comité de expertos. Los resultados evidencian que el canal destina la mayoría de sus musicomovigramas a la interpretación de instrumentos PAD con una gran presencia de los Boomwhackers, si bien también se proponen, aunque en menor medida, otros para campanas afinadas (PAD), instrumentos de pequeña percusión (PAI), así como de percusión corporal. La inclusión del cifrado americano es otro de los rasgos distintivos de las propuestas de Musication junto con la inclusión de refuerzos melódicos, rítmicos, textuales y signos musicales que facilitan la interpretación. Del total de las propuestas, 27 pueden incluirse en un aula de Educación Infantil o en los primeros cursos de Primaria, 55 en el resto de la etapa de Primaria y solo 15 presentan una dificultad elevada, por lo que sería recomendable trabajarlos en los últimos cursos de Primaria o en aulas de Secundaria.
A Inserção Acadêmica dos Movimentos Pró-Animal no Brasil sob a Perspectiva Bioética
Authors: Fischer Marta Luciane , Molinari Reanta Bicudo
Published: October 2024

Objetivo/Contexto. Objetivou-se caracterizar o ativismo pró-animal e a concepção popular e acadêmica dos movimentos de proteção animal no Brasil sob a perspectiva da bioética, elencado os argumentos e as vulnerabilidades.
Metodologia/Abordagem. A pesquisa se caracteriza como de abordagem mista (quali-quantitativa) envolvendo três dimensões: a) mapeamento das organizações não governamentais (ONG) e movimentos sociais pró-animal; b) análise opinião popular quanto a atuação dos movimentos pró-animal; c) revisão bibliográfica integrativa sobre movimentos sociais pró-animais.
Resultados/Descobertas. O Ativismo foi caracterizado pelas ONGs e movimentos sociais pró-animais, os quais embora comunguem o interesse da proteção animal divergem em linguagem, processos e ideologias que comprometem a sinergia de esforços. A vulnerabilidade do ativismo esteve atrelada a necessidade engajamento da sociedade e das barreiras de inserção na academia. A vulnerabilidade do público leigo foi demostrado necessidade de instrumentalização para acessar as informações tanto do ativismo quanto da ciência, a fim se subsidiar decisões conscientes na relação com os animais não-humanos. Por fim, a academia apresentou vulnerabilidades atreladas a credibilidade e adesão social e do ativismo quanto aos seus processos balizados por normatizações legais e metodológicas que atestam a sua idoneidade.
Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições: A academia despontou como o eixo capacitado para intermediar o debate e a deliberação da proteção animal juntamente com a sociedade e o ativismo. A bioética com seus pressupostos éticos, natureza dialogante e multidisciplinar, atuantes nos espaços das comissões de ética no uso de animais, se apresenta como uma ferramenta hábil na superação dos ruídos de comunicação.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene variants associated with drug resistance to fluoroquinolones (literature review)
Authors:   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, Gordeeva Elizaveta I. , Filippov Pavel N. ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Centre for Laboratory Research of the Department  of Healthcare of the City of Moscow, Tursunova Natalia V. ,   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, Salmin Alexey V. ,   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute
Published: October 2024

Background: The spread of M. tuberculosis drug resistance to fluoroquinolones poses a threat to their long-term clinical efficacy. Understanding the mechanisms of formation of drug resistance to fluoroquinolones, based on information on genes associated with drug resistance of M. tuberculosis, is important for optimizing TB chemotherapy regimens. The aim of the study: To study the available literature data on the most significant variants of M. tuberculosis genes associated with drug resistance to fluoroquinolones. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, the task was to analyze the sources of domestic and foreign literature on this priority issue over the past 5 years. The databases of scientific electronic libraries PubMed, Elibriary were used. Results: Mycobacterial resistance to fluoroquinolones is associated with mutations in the gyrA and gyrB genes, encoding the GyrA and GyrB subunits of DNA gyrase, the main target of fluoroquinolones. In the fluoroquinolone-binding pocket of the “DNA-gyrase + DNA” catalytic center, the fluoroquinolone molecule is supported by the gyrA and gyrB regions, which determine resistance to fluoroquinolones (QRDR-A and QRDR-B). Modification of any of the constituent fragments of these regions affects the level of resistance to fluoroquinolones. Small quinolone molecules (nalidixic acid) have a high MIC against Mtb and other bacteria, while larger PC molecules (sparfloxacin, sitafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin) are tightly adjacent to the fluoroquinolone-binding pocket and have a lower MIC. Modification of the DNA structure can change the spatial structure of the pocket itself, which leads to destabilization of the fluoroquinolone inside it. Thus, the presence of heteroresistance of the tuberculosis pathogen to fluoroquinolones indicates the active development of its resistance to this group of drugs in modern conditions. Conclusion: Analysis of modern studies shows the dependence of drug resistance of mycobacteria on fluoroquinolone compounds, while most often resistance to a decrease in the concentration of fluoroquinolones is associated with substitutions in the gyrB gene, as well as mutations in the gyrA gene. It has also been established that in addition to the main studied regions of the gyrA and gyrB genes associated with phenotypic drug resistance to fluoroquinols, there are regions that have not been sufficiently studied so far. These areas cannot be diagnosed in the clinical work of bacteriological laboratories of anti-tuberculosis institutions.
Relationship between polymorphism rs1546155 of the GGT7 gene and the risk of ischemic stroke
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Drozdova Elena L. , Komkova Galina V. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Polonikova Anna A. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Churilin Mikhail I. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Solodilova Maria A. ,   Kursk State Medical University
Published: October 2024

Background: Since oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS), it is important to investigate the molecular mechanisms contributing to redox homeostasis and glutathione metabolism. The aim of the study: To analyze the association of the rs11546155 polymorphism of gamma-glutamyltransferase 7 (GGT7) gene with the risk of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: DNA samples from 600 patients with IS and 688 controls were used for genotyping SNP rs11546155 by real-time PCR with allele discrimination using TaqMan probes. Results: It was found that genotypes G/A and A/A are associated with an increased risk of IS in females (OR=1.54, 95%CI 1.02–2.32, Pperm=0.04), while no associations between rs11546155 genotypes were observed in males. In patients with hypodynamia, the rs11546155 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of IS (OR=1.59, 95%CI 1.01–2.00, Pperm=0.04), while in individuals with normal and increased physical activity, the SNP did not influence disease risk. Moreover, the carriers of allele rs11546155G who did not abuse alcohol possess a decreased risk of IS (OR = 1.59, 95%CI 1.012.00, Pperm = 0.04), while the protective effect of the allele against disease risk was not seen in alcohol abusers. Functional SNP annotation showed that the IS-related rs11546155A allele is associated with decreased expression of the GGT7 gene, as well as genes involved in autophagy and proteasomal protein degradation. Conclusion: This study was the first to establish the association of the rs11546155 polymorphism with the risk of IS. Further studies are needed to clarify the nature of the sex-specific SNP association and gene-environment interactions.
Circulating platelet-derived microRNAs as potential biomarkers of STEMI in patients with hypertension
Authors:   Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine  of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Zhelankin Andrey V. , Stonogina Daria A. ,   Yudin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow City Health Department, Akselrod Anna S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Published: October 2024

Background: Circulating extracellular platelet-derived microRNAs have been actively studied over the last decade as promising biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD), since platelet activation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CVD. The aim of the study: To compare platelet-derived microRNA profiles in patients with uncomplicated hypertension (HT) and in patients with HT and acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI). Materials and methods: The study included 20 patients with uncomplicated HT and 15 patients with HT and STEMI. At least 90% of the participants in each group received antiplatelet therapy. A blood sample was collected from each patient in a CTAD anticoagulant tube and blood plasma was obtained by two-step centrifugation. The degree of hemolysis of the plasma samples was determined spectrophotometrically. MicroRNAs were isolated from plasma samples and used for reverse transcription and quantification of relative levels of eight main circulating extracellular platelet-derived microRNAs (miR-223-3p, miR-126-3p, miR21-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-320a-3p, miR-191-5p, miR-150-5p and miR-23a-3p) by quantitative PCR using the TaqMan Advanced technology (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Normalized relative expression levels for each miRNA were calculated. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05 (Mann-Whitney test). Results: Patient groups did not differ in age, BMI, platelet count, lipid profile and degree of hemolysis of plasma samples. No differences were found between the ratio of platelet-derived and erythrocyte-derived microRNA between patient groups. No statistically significant differences were found in the relative levels of circulating microRNA between the study groups. Principal component analysis and heatmap analysis of microRNA expression in the samples showed a division of the samples into groups based more on the degree of hemolysis than on the presence/absence of STEMI. Conclusion: In the studied sample of hypertensive patients, the effect of hemolysis of plasma samples on circulating platelet-derived microRNA profiles was more significant than the presence of STEMI.
Features of development of generative structures of some flowering plants
Authors:   The Labour Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center RAS, Shevchenko Svetlana V. , Plugatar Yuri V. ,   The Labour Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center RAS
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of a comparative study of the reproductive biology of a number of Crimean flora species and valuable plants introduced to the south of Russia belonging to various families (Magnoliaceae, Annonaceae, Ericaceae, Campanulaceae, Anacardiaceae, Lamiaceae, Ranunculaceae, Davidiaceae, Nyssaceae, Onagraceae, Papaveraceae), which made it possible to establish some features and regularities in the formation of the generative structures of the reproductive system, consisting in the conjugation of the development of male and female elements, the maturation of sexual gametes and the process of pollination in entomophilous plants. A conclusion was drawn concerning the high reproductive potential of the studied species, which is expressed in the formation of a sufficient number of full-fledged seeds to reproduce. The possibilities of using the knowledge of the reproductive processes of flowering plants in solving certain issues of taxonomy, determining the strategy of reproduction and conservation of phytodiversity, and showing the importance of antecological aspects in plant reproduction, breeding and nature protection were demonstrated. The material is of scientific interest to botanists, ecologists, breeders and other specialists.
Motivation correlates with hardiness and virtual identity of young gamers
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Klementyeva Marina V. , Gerasimova Polina A. ,   Aerospace Lyceum of Khimki, Kurguzov Mikhail V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The research is relevant due to the necessity to explore how gaming motivational mechanisms reduce internal tension and shape gamers’ identity in massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG). The aim of the research is to investigate the role of gaming motivation shaping virtual identity and hardiness of young gamers. Hypothesis: gaming motivation correlates with reduced internal tension and influences the formation of gamers’ virtual identity in cyber space. Participants: N = 120 aged 18–25 years (n male = 72; n female = 48; M = 20.4; SD = 2.5) living in the central region of the Russian Federation. Methods (tools): The Gaming Motivation Scale (Nick Yee adapted by N. V. Bogacheva, V. E. Epishina, A. V. Milyanskaya) was used to assess game motivation for playing massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG); an abridged version of the Hardiness Test (S. Maddi adapted by E. N. Osin, E. I. Rasskazova) was used to assess resilience; the Virtual Identity Status Inventory (VISI) (M. V. Klementyeva) was used to assess the status of virtual identities; the Game Experience Questionnaire (W. A. Ijsselsteijn, Y. A. W. de Kort, and K. Poels adapted by M. V. Klementyeva, M. V. Kurguzov) was used to assess players’ competence. Results: the research demonstrated significant differences in the manifestation of gamers’ “hardines”: higher values were recorded during gameplay. We found strong links between gaming motives, hardines, gaming skills and virtual identity. Despite their seamless gaming motivation and perfect gaming competence, gamers experience internal tension, helplessness in real life and strive to escape reality while forming a virtual identity based on the images of their gaming avatars. Main conclusions: in an online game, young gamers are able to cope more effectively with internal stress, compared with the real environment; they are able to maintain identity, and successfully implement gaming motives. Practical application: the research results can be used to develop techniques aimed at strengthening hardines and supporting identity formation in young gamers.
PHRASEOLOGISMS WITH THE "BREAD" COMPONENT AS MARKERS OF UKRAINIAN LINGUOMENTALITY (FEATURES OF USAGE IN MASS MEDIA TEXTS)
Authors: Lakomska I. V.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with phraseological units with the "bread" component, which are actively used in the texts of mass media messages. The semantic groups of such idioms are analyzed, as well as their inherent property of actualizing the idea of the food culture of Ukrainians, their worldview, mentality, etc.
The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the features of media phraseological units (PHUs), namely those containing the "bread" component, which required the completion of tasks: to single out the phraseological array in media texts for the period of 2021-2024, where special attention was focused on phrasemes with gustatives; to identify PHUs that have a "bread" component in their structure and to find out the semantic content of such units in the media space.
The object of the study was headlines and texts with phraseology in Ukrainian electronic editions of national and regional media, the subject was the peculiarities of the implementation of such units in the mass media. To achieve the goal, the work used a descriptive method, elements of component analysis (using which the semantic structure of the meaning of phraseological units was established); a quantitative method that made it possible to compare and generalize the obtained results.
The work examines the verbal expression of the "bread" component as a linguistic marker through the development of dictionaries of phraseological units. A semantic analysis of phraseological units is presented, the most used in speech are identified, which reveal character traits, behavior, moral qualities, traditions and customs of Ukrainians, illustrate various life and everyday situations through food culture, and present a linguistic picture of the world. The significant cultural and national potential of such phraseological units is also emphasized.
The peculiarities of the implementation and functioning of phraseological units with the "bread" component in the headlines and texts of Ukrainian electronic media are clarified, where they maximally reveal their influential power, which consists in the ability to attract the attention of the reader, evoke emotions, be remembered, as well as in the property of comprehensive display the current meaning of the message.
As a result of the research, it was found that the most frequent phrases in newspaper materials are the phraseological units with the "bread" component to indicate the positive qualities of Ukrainians, in particular hard work, hospitality, good-naturedness and generosity, and PHUs were also frequent, reflecting the struggle for justice and the hard efforts of Ukrainians to survive in the conditions war.
THE MYTHOLOGEME "PODRÓŻ" / "TRAVELS" AND ITS LINGUISTIC REPRESENTERS IN OLGA TOKARCHUK’S NOVEL "BIEGUNI" ("RUNNER")
Authors: Voytseva O. A.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the means of linguistic objectification of the mythologeme "PODRÓŻ" / "TRAVELS" in Olga Tokarchuk’s novel "Bieguni". Mythological thinking as a special kind of world-view includes a sensory, figurative understanding of natural phenomena and facts of social life. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the linguistic representation of the mythologeme "TRAVELS" by Polish writer Olga Tokarchuk, the winner of literary prizes ("Nike" 2008, International Booker Prize, Nobel Prize 2018). The research material provides an opportunity to reveal the archetypal and topical understanding of the mythologeme "TRAVELS", characteristic not only for the mythopoetic thinking of the archaic society, but also for the consciousness of contemporary speakers, and the individual author’s world-view of the literary discourse regarded. To achieve this goal, methods of descriptive, component and discursive analysis are used.
The analysis allows us to state that O. Tokarchuk provides rather complete information about this mythological phenomenon, which is both a static structure because it contains a system of images and a dynamic one, because it is able to unfold in the form of a plot. The author creatively interprets and modifies the archetypal mythologeme, which embodies the human aptitude for travels and travelling as cognition of the world around, one of the manifestations of human freedom, filling it with new culturally marked semantics, creating a special mythosymbolic model of the world in which the mythologeme "PODRÓŻ" can mean life, interpersonal contacts, loneliness in the crowd, movement without movement, movement as an exploration of oneself through the cognition of the world around, search for the mystery of existence, etc. Only by travelling, says the writer, we can reconstruct the link lost by the mankind between individual traditions and cultures. We see the prospects of the research in the further separation of archetypal and individual authorial treatment in literary texts in the interpretation of mythologists.
SEMANTIC DYNAMICS OF BUSINESS IN STYLISTICS OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: Dergach D. V. , Zbinska A. P.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the linguistic and stylistic motivation of the "business" nature in the time and space of culture. The research idea regarding the need for professional analysis of the evolution of business is formulated and argued: from the primary meaning of the word to the modern one, which reflects the values and priorities of the development of the modern world, verbalized as a result of active processes of literary language development. The functioning of "business" concept in heterogeneous communicative fragments — in the structure of word combinations and fixed expressions — is studied, which explains the nature and scope of its application and the effective expediency of its use in multilingual contexts.
The status of business in the language consciousness of society and the general state of business activity are considered through a diachronic comparison of the semantics of the term "business" in general language dictionaries of different editions. Therefore, attention is focused on common and professional definitions of the concept of business, their features and differences. For the dynamics of the objectivity of stylistic studies of business communication, it is determined that it is relevant to characterize the nature of business as a phenomenon, its strategies and tactics, which appear as systematized communicative intentions of speakers and determine effective models of their verbal interaction in this area. At this stage, we consider such tasks to be promising for further research, since business linguistics aspectology is projected onto the system of current issues that determine the vectors of development of national linguistics.
Taking into account the development of multimedia technologies, which today actively affect all spheres of public communication, determine the dynamic nature of their functional and stylistic adaptation to the priorities and values of the mass audience, the task of the research perspective of creating and implementing an effective functional model of business communication, in particular, in the media space, was formulated.