bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement and evaluation of intangible assets of diagnosis and testing laboratories for electrical equipments
Authors: de Sá Arnoldo Furtado , Almeida Maria Fatima Ludovico de , Barbosa Carlos Roberto Hall
Published: April 2021

In the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in measuring and evaluating intangible assets, not only by private firms but also by knowledge organizations such as universities, research centers, and testing laboratories. This paper aims to present a model for measuring and evaluating intangible assets developed for electrical equipment diagnosis and testing laboratories. For the proposal and selection of indicators and metrics that integrate the model, multicriteria decision support methods were embedded into the model, combined with fuzzy logic. The applicability of the model has been demonstrated through an empirical study in one electrical equipment diagnosis and testing laboratory that integrates the Laboratory Network of Eletrobras Enterprises (Relase) in Brazil. The results of this research can be replicated within Relase, which covers today a total of 98 laboratories, of which 16 are accredited for calibration services.
Measurement of the yaw moment of inertia of a go-kart
Authors: Sandroni Cristiano , Neto Mauro Speranza , Barbosa Carlos Roberto Hall , Oliveira Elcio Cruz de
Published: April 2021

A computational model of the dynamic behaviour of a go-kart has been implemented as the first step in the development of an electrical vehicle advanced control system and the lateral dynamics model needed its yaw moment of inertia as input value. Therefore, this study presents experimental measurements of the yaw moment of inertia of a recreational go-kart using two similar methodologies: the ‘three cables’ (trifilar) swinging torsion pendulum and the ‘four cables’ (quadrifilar) swinging torsion pendulum. Parallel to the experimental tests carried out, yaw moment of inertia calculation was done by the traditional methodology of mechanical engineering. Also, the measurement uncertainty was calculated for each method. The trifilar method presented, in this test, the lowest measurement uncertainty.
Measuring inner diameter of capillary tubes
Authors: Fernandes C , Almeida A , Wolf F G , Porath M C
Published: April 2021

The dimensional characterization of capillary tubes is a recurring issue in microfluidic applications, since they are often used to connect microfluidic devices to injection and monitoring systems. In this work three experimental methods were applied and discussed for measuring the inner diameter of thin tubes, allowing the comparison and determination of the most accurate procedure, taking into account the application and involved measurement uncertainty. The methods analysed are based on (i) sizing by stereo microscope software, (ii) image analysis (binarization) and (iii) internal fluid mass. The results show that the three methods applied can provide accurate values, but the best choice in terms of simplicity and efficiency is that one based on image analysis.
Performance evaluation of linear peristaltic volumetric infusion pump using a flow analyzer
Authors: Silva Marco Tullio Alves , Arencibia Rosenda Valdés , Oliveira Ingrid Wutke , Gonçalves Verônica de Lima , Milagre Selma Terezinha
Published: April 2021

This paper aims at validating the conformity of linear peristaltic volumetric infusion pump (LPVIP) using as reference a flow analyzer, model IN-300. The IN-300 model has an operating range of 1 ml/h at 1000 ml/h and a resolution of 0.1 ml/h. The standard IEC 60601-2-24 determines that an electronic balance with a resolution of 0.0001 g should be used during pump calibration. Therefore, the technical implementation of a flow analyzer for calibration and periodic verification of LPVIP at Hospital was evaluated. Tests were performed considering tem LPVIP and three values of infusion rates (25 ml/h, 50 ml/h and 100 ml/h). Several metrological parameters were evaluated (bias, repeatability, uncertainty and maximum error). The measurement uncertainty was assessed according to the recommendations of the JCGM 100. The technical viability of the flow analyzer use for calibration and periodic verification of LPVIP was demonstrated. The obtained results showed that only 20 % of the evaluated infusion pumps exhibited maximum errors within the manufacturer criterion for the three evaluated flow rates.
Smart Lab: an application of Industry 4.0 design principles to calibration laboratories
Authors: Geronymo Gean Marcos
Published: April 2021

The integration of the Internet of Things and Cyber Physical Systems, in the context of Industry 4.0, leads to the Smart Factory concept. In this paper we propose the extension of this concept to calibration laboratories: the Smart Lab. We present the four design principles of Industry 4.0 and show how they can be applied to the context of calibration laboratories. Finally, the development of an environmental conditions monitoring system based on the Industry 4.0 principles is presented as a case study.
Comparison between three weighing methods for source preparation in radionuclide metrology
Authors: Cacais F L , Delgado J U , Loayza V M , Rangel J A
Published: April 2021

In radionuclide metrology three weighing methods could be used for source preparation. The Pycnometer, Elimination and Modified Elimination methods should be compared to evaluate the compatibility in the deposited mass results, so increasing their reliability. In this work, a sequence of micro drop deposition weighing is presented which allows comparing the results by the same drop deposition. The results from each method were determined and their compatibility was checked. As a result, the three methods based on carefully weighing were found compatible and comply with the required threshold uncertainty. Furthermore, it was confirmed the results are traceable to mass the mass unit.
Computational modelling of cervix radiation procedure using a virtual anthropomorphic phantom and the MCNPX code
Authors: Santos William S. , Neves Lucio P. , Perini Ana P. , Santos Carla J. , Belinato Walmir , Silva Rogerio M. V. , Soares Maria R. , Valeriano Caio C. , Caldas Linda V. E.
Published: April 2021

There is a serious, and growing concern about the increased risk of the emergence of a secondary cancer, radio-induced, associated with radiotherapy treatments. To assess the radiation doses to organs outside the target volume, in this work, several computational exposure scenarios were modelled, based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCNPX code). A Varian 2100c accelerator, and a female virtual anthropomorphic phantom were used, in a simulated treatment of cervical cancer. The determination of the dispersed dose would be important for assessing the risk in different organs or tissues. Four treatment fields were applied, varying the gantry angle. It was possible to observe that the conversion factors for equivalent dose were higher for the AP projection. For the RLAT and LLAT projections, the results were similar, fact that may be attributed to the symmetrical distributions of the organs in relation to the radiation source. The results presented in this work showed that the computational exposure scenario provides a versatile and accurate tool to estimate in a ready way the absorbed doses during a cervical treatment.
Hacking Ion 2018 – knowledge management to develop entrepreneurship in the field of ionizing radiation metrology
Authors: Razuck FB , Perrotta PR , Peixoto JGP
Published: April 2021

Hacking Ion 2018 was the first scientific marathon (Hackathon) in the area of Ionizing Radiation Metrology (IRM) in Brazil and Latin America. The event took place during the 2018 IRM Congress, on the campus of the Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD), and was aimed at stimulating entrepreneurship among students of the IRD Graduate Program, based on generating technologies in order to present solutions for the development of research in the area of IRM. The event was attended by 16 students, divided into 4 teams, with a time limit of 48 hours to think and develop solutions based on the proposed themes. At the end of the third day, they presented their projects to a judging panel and to the participants in the Congress. Throughout the process, the students were guided by a representative of the Brazilian Service of Support to Micro and Small Enterprises (SEBRAE), who initially offered a lecture and a startup preparation workshop. The winning project was the School in Glasses team, which developed a distance learning platform that uses virtual and augmented reality in the area of radioprotection. It is understood that this event serves as a stimulus for students to develop ideas in their respective areas of research, so that new work tools can arise in the aid of Knowledge Management in IRM.
Monte Carlo simulation of the MTS-N (LiF:Mg,Ti) relative response in function of the photon energy
Authors: Cardoso G P , Lacerda M A S
Published: April 2021

We performed MCNPX simulations and experimental measurements to determine the relative energy response of MTS-N detectors. The energy spectra simulated were monoenergetic beams (from 20 keV to 250 keV), X-rays beams (N and RQR), 137Cs and 60Co gamma radiation. Experimental measurements were made with groups of MTS-N detectors irradiated with standardized 137Cs gamma radiation beams and continuous X-ray beams (N and RQR quality). Relative intrinsic efficiencies were calculated combining the MCNPX simulations and experimental measurements. Our results showed a good agreement with other studies using LiF detectors and the same radiation qualities.
Ordinance 453/98: an analysis of its applicability in public and private hospitals of Rio de Janeiro after 20 years of its publication
Authors: da Conceição GO , Renha SK , Razuck FB
Published: April 2021

After nearly twenty years of its publication, the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) is in the process of approving the revision of Ordinance 453, which establishes the basic guidelines for radiological protection in medical and dental radiology and provides for the use of diagnostic X-rays all over the national territory. The Ordinance is important due to the need for agile adaptation that can guarantee the improvement in the quality of imaging services and the quality control of radiodiagnostic equipment, promoting the safety of patients, population and workers exposed to ionizing radiation. This paper aims to verify the current situation of the diagnostic services of hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, by applying questionnaires in 2 (two) public hospitals and 2 (two) private hospitals in the state. The obtained results were used as a basis to identify the main problems in the strategy of implementation of this regulation, as well as allow to make a critical evaluation of the proposal of the New Ordinance.
Standardization of the absorbed dose at 3 mm depth in tissue in a 90Sr/90Y beta radiation field
Authors: Teles Luciana L D , Reynaldo Sibele R , Da Silva Teógenes A
Published: April 2021

The reduction of the dose limit for the eye lenses of occupational exposed workers drew the attention of authorities to review the monitoring, the calibration method and the performance of the individual dosimeters. Calibration laboratories are expected to perform dosimeter calibrations and tests in standardized and reliable conditions. In this work, the 90Sr/90Y beta radiation beam of the Beta Secondary Standard system was characterized. Beam standardization was achieved by measuring the absorbed dose rate at 3 mm in tissue, ?T(3). A reliable procedure for calibrating eye lens dosimeters in terms of Hp(3) in the 90Sr/90Y beta radiation field was established.
Analysis of interference caused by air blocking valves in residential water meter measurements
Authors: Trancoso J , Cavaco M , Kroth J
Published: April 2021

This work consists of an experimental study to better understand the interference of air block valves in measurements performed by metrological class ‘B’ velocity water meters. According to ordinance ‘Portaria nº 246’ from the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (Inmetro), the analysis was based on three experiments required for the approval of such equipment: Errors measurement, Head loss measurement and Magnetic transmission efficiency test. In order to collect the results an automated bench was developed enabling experiments execution without human intervention. Data acquired showed non-compliance with regulation when the system operated with the device. The conclusion taken by the results indicates that the specific air block valve tested may be a harmful influence on the correct operation of water meters.
Calibration of Laser Doppler Anemometer: Fringe Spacing and Velocity
Authors: Ferreira F S , Costa F O , Barros I P , Araújo S
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the most recent mathematical modelling and procedure for Laser-Doppler Anemometers (LDA) calibration used by the Brazilian National Institute of Metrology Institute, the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (Inmetro). Here we calculate the fringe spacing calibration coefficient (C?) and the Burst Spectrum Analyser (BSA) calibration coefficient (C???). Using these two calibration coefficients we can calibrate a LDA in a determinate velocity range.
Comparing two experimental procedures for multi-position calibration of a MEMS-type IMU
Authors: Eger J S , Porath M C
Published: April 2021

The proper calibration of a transducer has direct influence on its measurement accuracy. Procedures for calibrating MEMS-type IMUs generally require sophisticated and expensive equipment. An alternative procedure called multi-position calibration has shown to be efficient and only demands that the transducer be moved in different orientations. We investigate the influence of the repeatability of these orientations by comparing two different experimental procedures – robotic-motion and hand-motion of the IMU sensor. Statistical analysis of the results makes it clear that there are no significant differences for either variances or means of calibrated parameters between both experimental procedures
Hydrostatic buoyancy correction and calibration points interpolation using tare weights
Authors: Beatrici A , Beatrici E D
Published: April 2021

Some weighing results requires high accuracy. Users frequently perform manual procedures to make these corrections. Two of these corrections are the hydrostatic buoyancy force and the balance calibration certificate corrections, the last one can be influenced by the tare weights use, and the tare function, in the weighing procedure. To provide an easy way to consider both simultaneously a spreadsheet was developed to identify and interpolate the right values obtained in the calibration certificate data and to use these data to correct the buoyancy force. In a first step, it will be distributed to the Inmetro´s laboratories.
Integral comparison approach for standards weight collections checking
Authors: Beatrici A
Published: April 2021

The standard collections checking are a periodic laboratory procedure that are needed to keep (and to extend) the validation of the mass standards calibration certificate data to provide metrological traceability in their own measurement results. In this study will be shown a full comparison procedure of a mass standard set, by an equations system with n interconnected nominal values. Indeed this procedure intents to improve the quality assurance and to reduce costs to the laboratories that needs to keep calibrated mass standards collections. The main approach advantage is do not need another reference standards set.
Model for Optimization of Error and Uncertainty in the Generation of Calibration Charts for Horizontal Storage Tank
Authors: Aguilar-Mamani J J , Villegas-Arroyo Z
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we propose a sequence of steps for optimization of error and uncertainty in the generation of calibration charts in a horizontal tank. The calibration of the tank is carried out by means of the volumetric method, but the number of fillings and height measurements have been selected according to Chebyshev nodes and then the interpolation function of volume and height has been modeled according to the geometry of the tank. The proposed approach has been applied to 21 pairs of data, of which 11 pairs of data have been selected according before steps and the remaining pairs of data have been used to prove our propose, so that the errors in volumes have been less than maximum permissible errors (MPE) and the difference between remainder data of the volume and the interpolation data of the volume have been less than the uncertainty. The proposed approach has been calculated with two possible interpolation function of volume and height, but both have fullfilled the aims.
Current Status of Quantum Hall System Implantation at the Inmetro
Authors: de Oliveira V C , Carvalho H R , Landim R P
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the activities currently being performed at the Inmetro with a view to obtaining the international recognition of its quantum Hall system as the primary standard of electrical resistance in Brazil. To enable it, the Inmetro is making arrangements to take part in the ongoing key comparison BIPM.EM-K12, which is an on-site comparison of quantum Hall effect resistance standards. Besides, as a prerequisite for joining in this key comparison, Inmetro is participating in the ongoing key comparison BIPM.EM-K13.a&b.
Effect of the interaction between two LED lamps on conducted emission tests
Authors: Righetti J G , Dias M S
Published: April 2021

There is a growing global demand for LED lamps and light fixtures. This demand inevitably leads to a greater demand for electromagnetic compatibility tests. These tests, for reasons related to standards that regulates them - CISPR 15 -, are performed individually in each lighting equipment. Still, what can be observed in situations where the equipment is commonly used is the connection of two or more units in parallel. As this type of use is not foreseen by standard it would be of interest that tests are conducted to investigate if there is indeed any risk in these cases. To this end, conducted emissions tests were conducted to verify how a lamp that exceeds the permitted emission limits has interacted with one that complies with regulatory requirements.
Estimation of the measurement uncertainty in the tests of electric distribution transformers filled with insulating liquid -low and high voltage winding resistance
Authors: Barbosa Vitor Martins , Landim Regis Pinheiro
Published: April 2021

Considering the lack of a method for comparison and evaluation of the tests of electric distribution transformers filled with insulating liquid, we propose a mathematical modeling of the measurement uncertainty on the resistance measurements of the low and high voltage windings. The mathematical modeling was developed using as theoretical references the Guide to Expression of Uncertainty of Measurement - ISO GUM, the ABNT NBR 5356:2007 standard and Regulatory Ordinances issued by the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology - Inmetro. The models were applied to the test data of transformers as a way to assess their consistency. The measured uncertainties (k = 2) obtained from the tests for resistance measurement of the low and high voltage windings were, respectively,U(RLV) = 2.4x10−5 ? and U(RHV) = 0.05 ?.
INXE and LRTE: Progress on Frequency Standards and Timescales
Authors: Müller S T , Cazarini E , Damaceno L P , Mascarin R P , Tarelho L V , Garcia G A , Ribeiro L C , Bagnato V S , Magalhães D V
Published: April 2021

In this work, we overview some progresses of the Brazilian scientific program for time and frequency metrology. The results involve the development of an atomic fountain of Cs 133, a compact frequency standard with cold atoms and two new timescales contributing to TAI and UTC. These are different running experiments in two locations in Brazil and consists on a joint effort to develop infrastructure in the area.
Strategy for traceability in electrical calibration laboratories using precision digital multimeters
Authors: Costa Marcelo Melo da , Souza Thiago Brito Pereira de
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a strategy developed by Eletrobras Eletronorte Metrology Laboratory for traceability establishment of electrical calibrations, using a precision digital multimeter as reference standard. A method that uses the precision digital multimeter calibration report results at different points from those calibrated is shown and discussed, and some considerations to this method are done.
The redefined SI and the electromagnetic quantities in detail – part II: resistance, conductance, charge, capacitance, inductance, power, magnetic flux density and magnetic flux
Authors: Landim R P , Carvalho H R , de Oliveira V C
Published: April 2021

This paper describes the changes in the electromagnetic units due to the redefined SI and the details regarding how they are realized. It is divided into two parts. In this second part, we review the state-of-the art performance, the physical principles, diagrams, electrical circuits, equations and uncertainties of the ohm, siemens, coulomb, farad, henry, watt, tesla and weber realizations.
Uncertainty Evaluation of the Electrical Transient Rise Time
Authors: Neto Pedro Oliveira Costa Machado , Brandão Paulo Cesar Ramalho , Sanchez Juan Carlos Mateus , Lima Lúnia Coelho de Almeida de , Galhardo Carlos Eduardo Cardoso
Published: April 2021

This paper deals with the uncertainty evaluation of the rise time of one pulse of an electrical fast transient burst (EFT/B), as carried out by the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (Inmetro) of Brazil. The uncertainty sources considered in this evaluation were: the oscilloscope resolution and calibration of voltage and time scale, in the Y-and X-axes, respectively; the bandwidth of the measurement system; the oscilloscope sampling rate; and the repeatability of ten different measurements. Two sets of measurements were taken from two different oscilloscope settings: in the first one, the interpolation function was enabled, and in the other one was disabled. In both cases two components stood out for their huge relative contribution: time reading and repeatability. Considered together, these two components added up approximately 87% of the expanded uncertainty for interpolated samples, and 95% for non-interpolated samples. Also, the results indicate that the oscilloscope interpolation function, if available, must be used, as the expanded uncertainty decreases by 27%. A discussion of the uncertainty budget example in Annex C of the IEC 61000-4-4 standard is presented, concluding that, once the oscilloscope interpolation function is enabled, the other uncertainty components should be considered. The combined relative contribution of these components is larger than the relative contribution of repeatability.
Using QSAR model for studying heterocycles activity
Authors: Hammud K K , Aboob R M , Khalaf H A , Akosh N A M , Hamza F M
Published: April 2021

Different heterocyclic saccharin derivatives that have been previously prepared were tested here for their pharmacokinetic properties with Marvinsketch program and PreADMET website. The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) calculations included isoelectronic point (pI) as Protonation factor, logP as a partitioning factor that calculated by Consensus and Chemaxon methods, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) as a partitioning factor that calculated by Chemaxon, Davies, and Griffins methods. polar surface area (PSA) beside adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) to detect the properties. These calculated QSAR characters confirmed that saccharin derivatives were more hydrophilic than saccharin molecule which manged membrane permeability, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity descriptions. As a conclusion, the tested properties showed a good chance of some of these prepared saccharin derivatives to be good drugs.
Synthesis of some new heterocyclic compounds derived from p-chlorobenzoylchloride and investigation of biological effectiveness
Authors: Abdul-Amir R M , Al-Hassan N M Abdu , Ghadban H
Published: April 2021

1,3-Oxazole-5-one blends 2(a-c) have been set up by cyclization of compound (1) with aromatic aldehyde auxiliaries. The starting compound (1) was expeditiously procured by the reaction of 4-chlorobenzoylchloride with aminoacetic acid. Blends 2(a-c) were changed over into a grouping of subordinates by the reaction with ethylenediamine to masterminded 3(a-c) by then blends 3(a-c) reaction with aromatic aldehydes subsidiaries to organized 4(a-c). Each new compound was depicted by Proton atomic attractive reverberation (1H-NMR), Fourier changes infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy.
Validation of the analytical method for determination of tetracycline residues in poultry chest, thigh and liver by HPLC-DAD technique
Authors: Alrhia L , Mohamad I
Published: April 2021

An easy and quite quick method was developed to determine tetracycline residues in poultry tissues with a good separation and a high sensitivity. This method permitted to analyze various tissues (thigh, chest, liver). Validation of the analytical method is investigated to check if the method’s analytical objective is accomplished, which is obtaining analytical results with an appropriate degree of uncertainty or a good level of confidence. The validation measures of the analytical method were recorded as follows: Limit of Detection (LOD) 0.451 ppb, Limit of Quantification (LOQ) 1.502 ppb, linear correlation coefficient 0.999066 within a range of concentrations between (100.0-300.0 ppb), Decision Limit CCα 201.946, 202.763, 603.231 ppb, Detection Capability CCβ 203.892, 205.527, 606.462 ppb for Poultry chest, thigh and liver, respectively, recovery percentages of Tetracycline at a concentration of 200.0 ppb for 20 sample Rec.% (88.966 - 91.055%), (84.623 - 87.667%), (82.198 - 83.688%) for Poultry chest, thigh and liver respectively with a percentage relative standard deviations (RSD%) of < 1 %.
Synthesis of core/shell nanoparticles and their application in hydroxy-PAHs extraction
Authors: Al-Farhani B F. , Al-Zaidy A S
Published: April 2021

The study summarizes using a new synthesized core/shell type of nanoparticles to remove hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The Fe2O3 coated with several groups of compounds (Triethoxysilane, Trimethoxy (2-phenylethyl) silane, (3-aminopropyl) triethoxy silane) and tested for removal of hydroxy PAHs from aqueous solution. The synthesized Core/shell nanoparticles characterized Using several techniques such as XRD analysis of The synthesized nanoparticles show the amorphous structure. However, utilizing the technique of room temperature fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the detection limit (LOD) and the quantitative limit (LOQ) of the hydroxyl PAHs, and it found (75%Triethoxysilane, 83%Trimethoxy (2-phenylethyl) silane, 90%(3-aminopropyl) triethoxy silane). An aqueous solution used to extract hydroxy PAHs to the synthesized nanoparticle, and the removal percentage was (91% 1-Hydroxy pyrene, 88% 9-Hydroxy fluorene,86% 2-Naphthol). The results obtained showed the high value of the removal ratio that indicates the tremendous power of the synthesized nanoparticles on PAH removal.
Nano-Synthesis, characterization and spectroscopic Studies of chromium (III) complex derived from new quinoline-2-one for solar cell fabrication
Authors: Salman A T , Ismail A H , Rheima A M , Abd A N , Habubi N F , Abbas Z S
Published: April 2021

In this work, Schiff base ligand (L) has been synthesized by condensation reaction of N-amino quinoline-2-one with 4-chlorobenzaldehyede in ethanol, for 5 hours. The synthesized ligand was characterized using (13C,1H NMR), (U.V-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), (FT-IR), (C.H.N) elemental analysis, atomic force microscope (AFM) and melting point. The chromium complex was obtained by (2:1) (L: M) molar ratio and then characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility measurements, AFM, XRD and flame atomic absorption technique (FAA). The results confirmed an octahedral geometry of chrome ion (III). Drop casting techniques was used to prepare nano-thin films of the synthesized compounds. The aim of this study was to fabricate solar cells using the prepared nano-thin films. To achieve, the morphological, structural and optical properties of the nano-thin films were studied, and then they were precipitated on the silicon slides. The fabricated solar cells showed a high efficiency promising to be used for improving silicon solar cells.
New spectroscopic estimation of cefotaxime in pure and pharmaceutical formulation using environmental-friendly method
Authors: Abood N K
Published: April 2021

Simple and cost low, accurate and fast spectrophotometric methods were developed for cefotaxime determination. First method including change cefotaxime to a colored Fe (II) complex in the alkaline medium. Colored product with absorbance at λmax505 nm is reddish orange. Concentration ranged between (2-50 μg.mL-1), the Beer’s law obeyed with correlation coefficient 0.9995, molar absorptivity was 0.405×104 L.mol-1.cm-1, limit of detection 0.370μg mL-1 and limit of quantification as 1.123 μg mL-1. The second cloud point extraction method was used to estimate the trace quantity of the colored product in the first method, followed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer calculation. The calibration curve was the range of (2.5-30 μg.mL-1), the correlation coefficient and molar absorptivity were 0.9996 and 1.16×105L.mol-1.cm-1respictvely. The detection limit LOD and quantification limit LOQ were to be 0.026 and 0.079 μg.mL-1 respectively. This technique was effectively employed for cefotaxime detection within the pure and pharmaceutical preparations.
Allele frequency of promoter region -1082A>G interleukinl0 gene and risk of prostate tumors in Iraqi patients
Authors: Al-Ruba’i S H N , Sh Ali M , Ahmed N S
Published: April 2021

Number of studies has demonstrated the relationship of interleukin 10 gene polymorphism with risk of prostate cancer. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region rs1800896 of IL-10 -1082A >G on the incidence of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer in Iraqi patients. In this study, we studied IL-10 gene polymorphism in two groups of patients, thirty of whom have benign prostate hyperplasia and thirty have prostate cancer, as well as in thirty healthy subjects who were the control group. Relevant primers were used for the amplification by the polymerase chain reaction of the promoter region IL-10 rs1800896. Restriction fragment length polymorphism has been used to determine the frequencies of the alleles associated with each group of subjects studied. The amplified products of PCR were sequenced using the forward primer. The result of restriction fragment length polymorphism showed that AG, AA alleles were not found and GG allele was detected in all of the controls and patients, leading to a conclusion that AA, GG homozygotes and AG heterozygote alleles were not associated with both benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
Serum iron status in association with pregnancy outcomes in infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI
Authors: Kadhum B S , Wadood Al-Shammaree S A
Published: April 2021

Iron status can affect the outcome of in vitro-fertilization (IVF) in infertile women who undergoes this process. The aim of this study is to evaluate iron status, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity and their association with outcome of pregnancy prior to initiation of IVF/ICSI procedure. The participants were fertile women with male cause infertility (control; n=25), women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; n=21), women with low anti-Müllerian hormone level (AMH; n=26), and women with unexplained infertility (UI; n=27). Blood samples were obtained on the day of oocyte aspiration. Serum iron, ferritin, transferrin level, and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity were measured; the transferrin saturation, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), and Unsaturated Iron Binding Capacity (UIBC) were calculated. In the low AMH group, Ferritin showed a significantly lower level compared to the control and UI groups. In the PCOS group, ferritin, transferrin, TIBC, and UIBC showed a significantly lower level compared to the control and UI groups. Cp. ferroxidase activity in the PCOS group showed a lower level but of no significance compared to the other groups. In this study, it can be concluded that higher levels of iron, ferritin, and lower transferrin in pregnant PCOS women lead to increase chances of pregnancy following an IVF protocol.
Synthesis and characterization of some new thiazolidinone derivatives containing indole ring
Authors: Tomma J H , Ali K F , Al-Aliawi K M L
Published: April 2021

Many new heterocyclic compounds including 4-thiazolidinones containing indole with triazole units were described. The new Schiff bases [VII]a, b and [VIII]a,b synthesized by condensation acid hydrazides [II],[VI] with different (aromatic) aldehydes in absolute ethanol. The refluxing equimolar amounts of the Schiff bases ([VII]a,b, [VIII]a,b) with thioglycolic acid in benzene led to get thiazolidin-4-ones derivatives ([IX]a,b and [X]a-d). Finally, the new derivatives [XI]a-c run out via the reacted compound [IX]a with different n-alkyl bromide (methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, and butyl bromide) in alkaline media.
Association between the concentration of CYP24A1, 25-OH vit D3 and calcium-phosphate metabolism with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis in Iraqi patients
Authors: Soud S A , Al-Rubaei S H N , Salman A T
Published: April 2021

Growing research has shown that multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have lower levels of 25-OHvitD3 than healthy controls. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum concentration of 25-OHvitD3, CYP24Alenzyme in MS patients and calcium-phosphate metabolism indices depending on the different disease lines and gender. Furthermore, we elevated the relationship between study parameters and gender with degree of motor disability according to the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Serum of 110 Iraqi MS patients (50 male and 60 female) and 63 healthy individuals (30 male and 33 female) as control groups were used in our study. Serum level of 25-OHvitD3, CYP24A1and PTH were measured by ELISA. Serum level for calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were performed with a BioSystems A25 and A15 analyzers. Significantly lower level of CYP24A1 and 25-OHvitD3 was found in MS patients when compared to control groups. The Levels of CYP24A1 and 25-OHvitD3 were positively correlated in female and significantly decreased with EDSS in female groups. Also, in MS patients a highly significant decrease in calcium, a considerable increase in level of PTH, phosphorous and magnesium. In this study the negative correlation between 25-OHvitD3 and the degree of motor disability, according to EDSS in MS patients was confirmed. We identified a non-significant difference in the level of 25-OHvitD3 regarding on gender. Still, we confirmed the association between gender and MS disease development regarding the levels of 25-OHvitD3, PTH and phosphorus.
Kaplan-Meier plotter data analysis model in early prognosis of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zwyea S , Naji L , Almansouri S
Published: April 2021

Intelligent data analysis methods provide helpful tools for cancer researchers to detect the prognosis of patients with specific diseases. Yet, very little information is known about the features of these models used in data analysis methods. In this study, we presented a new Kaplan-Meier plotter model with a better-combination of input features for early prognosis tasks of pancreatic cancer. Our new model integrates gender, race, and follow up the threshold to get better verification of genes of interest as prognostic markers for predicting cancer at early stages. Assessment is made for the developed model to examine the important role of the oncogene RablA in early prediction of pancreatic cancer on the standard clinical datasets from The Human Protein Atlas. Our results showed that overexpression of the oncogene Rab1A in pancreatic cancer plays a vital role in its early prognosis (p<0.05). The proposed model results were also verified using an independent dataset deposited in The Human Protein Atlas. Altogether, the experimental results highlight Rab1A potential role in cancer prognosis.
Evaluation of total oxidant status and antioxidant capacity in sera of acute-and chronic-renal failure patients
Authors: Abod K S , Mohammed M T , Taay Y M.
Published: April 2021

Renal failure is a disease of the kidney, in which the renal excretory function is failed to process due to depression of the GFR. Renal failure is divided into acute and chronic depending on the period of the disease. The study was designed to investigate the level of oxidative stress in RF patients. Seventy-five subjects had enrolled in the study, who divided into three groups equally, in which they are healthy control, ARF patients, and CRF patients. The results had shown a significant (P<0.01) increase in the level of TOS for RF patients when compared with control. Also, a significant difference in the level of TOS has been observed between ARF and CRF patients, where the CRF patients have shown to have the highest level of TOS. The level of TAC was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in RF patients when compared with control. In conclusion, oxidative stress develops and raise with time during renal failure situations, and thus could cause further toxic problems for RF patients.
Green synthesis of gold NPs by using dragon fruit: Toxicity and wound healing
Authors: Mahdi M A , Mohammed M T , Jassim A N , Taay Y M
Published: April 2021

In this work, the study of Hylocereus undatus properties was done by studying quantitative phytochemical compounds and seeking for total phenolic compounds, synthesis of gold nanoparticles was created via reduction of aqueous gold ions with the aqueous fruit extract of The Hylocereus undatus (dragon). The synthesized AuNPs were asserted by using (Uv-Vis) spectrophotometer; Fourier transforms infrared (FI-IR) spectroscopy, Atomic force microscope (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Zitasizer. The absorbance for SPR is noticed in 546 nm by using Uv-Visible spectroscopy The SEM and AFM analysis evidenced the particle size between 35-100nm, and spherical in structure. Mechanisms of AuNPs synthesis had been suggested and free radical scavenging activity was examined quantitatively by thin-layer chromatography and quantitatively by DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picsylhydrazyl) assay. The biosynthesized AuNPs showed much higher antioxidant activity compared to The Hylocereus Undatus fruit extract alone. The toxicity of the nanoparticles and extract was examined by giving all of them at dose 50mg\b.w orally to mice and the diagnosis of the result of pathological changes, which showed that both extracts are simple toxicity. So, the results confirmed that the fruit extract was a good bio reductant for the synthesis of AuNPs. Which can be applied as good agents for antibacterial applications and Anti-inflammatory and it could be helpful for the preparation of pharmacologically useful drugs.
New 3,5-disubstituted-4,5-dihydroisoxazole derivatives: Synthesis, antimicrobial, antioxidant and docking study against glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase
Authors: Mohsen G L , abdula A M , Jassim A M , Rodhan W F , Ayrim N B
Published: April 2021

A novel derivative of 3,5-disubstituted-2-isoxazolines (3-11) have been synthesized and characterized by spectral analysis. All the synthesized derivatives were screened qualitatively for their antioxidant property using TLC technique and the percent DPPH radical scavenging activity of the potent derivatives (5, 11) were evaluated. The 2-pyrazolines (3-11) were in vitro screened against different bacterial strains as well as candida albicans and found exhibiting moderate to potent activity. Docking study of 2-isoxazoline derivative 11 against glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, the target enzyme for the antimicrobial agents, was explored to study the interactions of the discovered hit (11) within the binding pocket residues of the enzyme.
Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of new pyrazolines incorporating imine moiety
Authors: Sultan M I , Abdula A M , Faeq R I , Radi M F
Published: April 2021

A novel series of pyrazoline derivatives (3-9) was synthesized and identified by using several spectral analysis. Chalcone compound (1) was prepared as a starting material from the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenone and furan-2-carboxaldehyde in ethanol, using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. Cyclization reaction of 1 by the action of hydrazine hydride afforded compound 2: 4-(5-(furan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline. The target compounds (3-9) were obtained from the reaction of 2 with corresponding aldehydes in ethanol. The synthesized compounds were in vitro screened against several bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus espidermididis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, as well as, Candida albicans. These compounds exhibit a moderate to good activity.
Preparation of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles/PSi/Si hetrojunction by simple chemical method for solar cell applications
Authors: Abdullah S A , Jaduaa M H , Abd A N
Published: April 2021

This work shows the fabrication of Bi2O3/PSi heterojunction for solar cell applications prepared by simple chemical method. Bi2O3 nanoparticles were deposited on the n-type porous silicon and glass substrates by drop casting method. The structural and optical properties of bismuth oxide thin film were studied by XRD, SEM, UV-VIS and FTIR analysise. XRD investigation showed that the thin film is polycrystalline and the optical properties stated that bismuth oxide thin film has direct optical band gap of 2.5 eV in addition to the study of I-V in dark and under illumination and finally. The results indicate a significant improvement in the properties of porous silicon, and thus an increase in the conversion efficiency, as the calculated efficiency values for (Al/Bi2O3/PSi/Si/Ag) heterojunction.
Al2O3 NPs/porous silicon/silicon photovoltaic device
Authors: Khalifa M J , Jaduaa M H , Abd A N
Published: April 2021

Alumina nanoparticles or (Al2O3 NPs) have been prepared by electrolysis method and deposited using drop casting method on glass and porous silicon (PS) substrates as thin films. Electrochemical etching of p-type silicon wafers was used to prepare nanocrystalline porous silicon. The structural and morphological properties of Al2O3 NPs were investigated by XRD, AFM and SEM techniques, respectively. The optical energy band gap of Al2O3 nanostructure (NSs) has been determined from its optical properties and it was around 3.6 eV. TEM has been used to investigate the nanoscale morphology of Al2O3NPs and showed the grains had a spherical shape and it confirmed the nanometric size of the prepared NPs. PS’s XRD pattern revealed that it had a single crystalline structure, whereas it was amorphous for the Al2O3 NSs. The nanometric scale of both Al2O3 NSs and PS was calculated by XRD patterns, it was about 34nm for Al2O3 NPs and about 90 nm for PS. The diffusion effect of the Al2O3NPs on the electrical properties of heterojunctions PS/Si was studied. Photovoltaic characteristics have been reported for Al2O3NPs/PS/Si Photovoltaic device. Ag/Al2O3/PS/Si/Al solar cell parameters were reported the efficiency of solar cell was 11.8% and F.F is 32.08 %. Ag/Al2O3/PS/Si/Al Photodetector heterojunctions have two peaks of response the first one located at 350 nm and the second at 850 nm with maximum responsivity of 0.8A/W.
Biosynthesis and characterization of CdO nanostructure and its influence on cancer cells of (HT29)
Authors: Skheel A Z , Jaduaa M H , Abd A N
Published: April 2021

Due to increased drug potency and lower toxicity in the nano-sized mediated drug delivery model, the environmentally sustainable synthesis of nanoparticles by the bio route from plant extracts has a wide variety of applications in novel science. In this report, our research groups have synthesized stable and cost-effective CdO nanostructure by the Curcuma plant. The biosynthesis of CdO nanostructure by the Curcuma plant extract was confirmed by different analytical methods such as UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Atomic force microscopy AFM and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), in addition to MTT assay screening of the synthesized CdO nanostructure for anticancer activity on (HT29). The result was that the biosynthesized CdO nanostructure exhibited strong anticancer cytotoxicity on (HT29). The findings of the MTT shows that at a concentration of 50.81 μ, 50 percent of the cancer cell line was destroyed by the extract.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Mefenamic acid in pure and Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Saleem B A , Alnuaimy L A
Published: April 2021

Chromate ions CrO4−2have been used in three simples, rapid, an accurate spectrophotometric method. These methods were suggested to estimate mefenamic acid in its pure form and pharmaceutical preparations. These methods were different from each other with reactants components, and they are similar as, indirect methods and depends on oxidation – reduction reaction. So that, Method 1, based on oxidation reduction reaction between mefenamic acid and chromate ion in presence of acidic medium and sodium oxalate to form a water soluble, and stable pinkish-violet colored complex with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide as a reagent which was measured at λmax545 nm. Method 2 depends on oxidizing mefenamic acid with chromate ions in presence of sodium oxalate as a catalyst agent and acidic medium to form with indigo carmine λmaxat 610 nm. water soluble and stable blue complex. Finally, method 3 based on the reaction between mefenamic acid and chromate ion in presence of sodium oxalate and acidic medium to form with chrome azurol S a red complex measured λmaxat 512 nm. These three methods have been followed Beer’s law at (2-40,1.2-40 and 2-36) μg/mL methods 1,2 and 3 respectively, while molar absorptivity and Sandall’s sensitivity 0.84×104, 0.54×104and 1.08×1041.mol−1.cm−1and 0.0287, 0.0446 and 0.0223 μg.cm−2for methods 1,2 and 3 respectively. The suggested methods were applied successfully to determination of mefenamic acid in pharmaceutical formulation with good recoveries.
The using of nanomaterials as catalysts for photodegradations
Authors: Abdullah H I , Al-Amiery A A , Al-Baghdadi S B
Published: April 2021

Nanoparticles were physically attached to photodegradation applications. Nanoparticles are particles of sizes within the range of 1 to 100 nm with at least one dimension. Nanoscale structures, for example, nanolayers and nanoparticles, have an extremely high surface-to-volume ratio, making them perfect for employing in different materials for various applications. In general, In case of nanometers, nanoparticles are categorized into organic, inorganic, and carbon-based particles in nanometric scales that have enhanced characteristics in contrast with micrometric or larger sizes of individual materials. The nanoparticles appear upgraded characteristics, for example, surface area, high surface reactivity (bioactive), and high quality, also appeared stable, sensitive, and so on due to their smaller sizes. Different methodologies are used to synthesize the nanoparticle materials for research studies and traditionally utilizes. These techniques are ordered into three principal types to be specific chemical, physical and mechanical procedures that have seen a tremendous improvement after some time. This article covers the fundamentals of nanotechnology, nanoparticle types, synthetic methodologies, the use of metal, metal oxides, and carbon-based nanoparticle in the field of photocatalysis, and the development of using nanomaterials in air purification and environmental protection. Herein, a variety of synthetic strategies for nanomaterials are summarized, including their applications as photocatalysts.