bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Approach to Optimization of Silicon-Based Solar Cells
Authors: Chuchvaga Nikolay , Aubakirova Nazira , Tokmoldin Nurlan , Klimenov Vasiliy , Boukhvalov Danil W.
Published: November 2024

In this work, we report a detailed scheme of computational optimization of solar cell structures and parameters using PC1D and AFORS-HET codes. Each parameter’s influence on the properties of the components of heterojunction silicon-based solar cells (HIT) has been thoroughly examined. The proposed approach follows a stringent sequence of steps to optimize various parameters of the studied HITs. Furthermore, we have revealed the effects of the metal-semiconductor contact, and a model of a photocell with an ohmic contact and a Schottky contact has been simulated. The optimal model of HIT for available materials has been proposed and fabricated based on the results of these simulations. A comparison of predicted and measured performance unequivocally demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed scheme in developing silicon-based HITs, providing reassurance about its practical application.
Towards Standardized, Safe, and Efficacious Screening Approaches to Patients with Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Setting of Lower Extremity Arthroplasty
Authors: Pearl Adam , O’Neil Katherine , Jaafil Souhil , Khoury Zaina , Hasan Ahmad , Saleh Khaled
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) impedes the ability to recover from lower extremity arthroplasties (LEA) while simultaneously increasing risks of peri- and postoperative complications, morbidity, and mortality. Despite the known risks that PAD presents, there are currently no standards outlining how practitioners should screen patients prior to undergoing LEA. The purpose of this manuscript is to facilitate the improved diagnosis of PAD, leading to appropriate vascular surgery consultation prior to undergoing orthopedic surgeries. Recommendations for Preoperative Assessment: Screening begins with a succinct history and physical exam, looking for signs and symptoms of diminished vascular integrity. A heightened suspicion for PAD should prompt the immediate enactment of an ankle brachial index, or alternatively, a pressure volume recording or the skin perfusion pressure technique.
An Old Babylonian Algorithm and Its Modern Applications
Authors: He Ji-Huan
Published: November 2024

In this paper, an ancient Babylonian algorithm for calculating the square root of 2 is unveiled, and the potential link between this primitive technique and an ancient Chinese method is explored. The iteration process is a symmetrical property, whereby the approximate root converges to the exact one through harmonious interactions between two approximate roots. Subsequently, the algorithm is extended in an ingenious manner to solve algebraic equations. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the modified algorithm, a transcendental equation that arises in MEMS systems is considered. Furthermore, the established algorithm is adeptly adapted to handle differential equations and fractal-fractional differential equations. Two illustrative examples are presented for consideration: the first is a nonlinear first-order differential equation, and the second is the renowned Duffing equation. The results demonstrate that this age-old Babylonian approach offers a novel and highly effective method for addressing contemporary problems with remarkable ease, presenting a promising solution to a diverse range of modern challenges.
Study on the Effects of Structural Parameters of the Pre-Cooler on the Performance of Combined Power Generation Engines
Authors: Li Yujie , Jiang Shunlin , Chen Xudong , Sun Fengyuan , Wang Shan , Lu Yeming
Published: November 2024

The pre-cooler is a key component of the pre-cooled turbine combined cycle engine, and its performance significantly impacts the overall engine performance. To clarify the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the pre-cooler and the effects of its key structural parameters on engine performance, the pre-cooler of the SABRE engine (Synergetic Air-Breathing Rocket Engine) was analyzed using numerical simulation methods to investigate the influences of air crossflow tube bundles and tube spacing on pre-cooler performance. The results indicate that increasing the number of air crossflow tubes significantly enhances heat transfer capacity; however, it also leads to an increase in the total pressure drop. Specifically, as the number of air crossflow tubes increases from 24 to 48, the overall heat transfer capacity improves by 42.1%, while the total pressure loss coefficient nearly doubles. Additionally, increasing tube spacing reduces the overall pressure drop, but this comes at the cost of decreasing heat transfer capacity and structural compactness. When the total pressure loss coefficient was reduced by approximately 29.8%, the overall heat transfer capacity decreased by 4.9%. Notably, the impact of tube spacing on flow resistance is greater than its effect on heat transfer, suggesting that the total pressure loss can be minimized by optimizing tube spacing. Therefore, both performance and structural integrity must be considered in pre-cooler design. Finally, selecting appropriate structural parameters based on operating conditions is essential to optimize heat transfer efficiency and overall design quality.
Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method Based on Aczel–Alsina T-Norm and T-Conorm Under Bipolar T-Spherical Fuzzy Information: Design Scheme Selection Application
Authors: Zhao Zhifeng , Shu Yunfeng
Published: November 2024

Selecting optimal design solutions is inherently complex due to multiple criteria encompassing users’ uncertain needs, experiences, and costs. This process must manage uncertainty and ambiguity, making developing a scientific, rational, and efficient guidance method imperative. Bipolar T-spherical fuzzy sets (BTSFS), a hybrid of bipolar fuzzy sets and T-spherical fuzzy sets, effectively handle the bipolarity inherent in all elements. In this work, we propose a Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method based on BTSFS and the Aczel–Alsina T-norm (AATN) and T-conorm (AATCN) to address the problem of selecting conceptual design solutions. We first establish operational rules for BTSFS using AATN and AATCN and introduce weighted aggregation operators (BTSFAAWA) and geometric aggregation operators (BTSFAAWG) while examining fundamental properties, such as idempotency, boundedness, and monotonicity. Subsequently, we propose a two-stage BTSFS-based WASPAS method; criterion weights are calculated using the BTSFAAWA operator, and final rankings are obtained through comprehensive calculations using both the weighted sum method (WSM) based on BTSFAAWA and the weighted product method (WPM) based on BTSFAAWG. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our method through a case study of the selection of cultural and creative products. Sensitivity and comparative analyses are conducted to demonstrate the advantages of our approach.
A Multimodal Multi-Objective Coati Optimization Algorithm Based on Spectral Clustering
Authors: Deng Waixing , Mo Yuanbin , Deng Liang
Published: November 2024

Multimodal multi-objective problems refer to situations where more than one Pareto set in the decision space corresponds to the same Pareto front in the objective space. In this paper, we propose a multimodal multi-objective coati optimization algorithm based on spectral clustering (MMOCOA-SC) for use in multimodal multi-objective problems. The algorithm starts by creating stable subpopulations via a spectral clustering method, grouping similar individuals within each subpopulation. Then, an improved coati optimization algorithm is proposed in order to increase the diversity of the population and continuously search for near-Pareto optimal solutions. Finally, we use an improved crowding distance method combined with a non-dominated sorting method to maintain and retain multiple near-Pareto optimal solutions. The MMOCOA-SC is evaluated alongside five state-of-the-art algorithms using the 2020 CEC test suite, IDMP test problems, and twelve classic engineering application problems. In comparison to the other five state-of-the-art algorithms, the experimental results show that MMOCOA-SC exhibits a superior performance when applied to the problems. This study explores multimodal multi-objective optimization algorithms with a focus on the concept of symmetry, which is crucial for multimodal multi-objective optimization problems in terms of achieving a balanced decision space and a diversity of solutions in the objective space.
Approximate Solutions for Displacements in an Elastic Layer Subjected to Circular or Square Loads
Authors: Nagirniak Mykola , Chalecki Marek
Published: November 2024

This paper presents new approximate formulas for evaluating the maximum displacements of an elastic layer loaded on a circular or square area. The approximate formulas are based on the exact solutions of the theory of elasticity for a half-space and the elastic layer and offer a simple and quick way to obtain the values of displacements. The novelty of these formulas lies in their ease of application while maintaining high accuracy with respect to the exact solution of the theory of elasticity, which can make them useful in engineering practice and allows for the quick and efficient estimation of displacement values without the need for complex numerical methods—merely a pocket calculator is enough. This is beneficial from an engineering point of view, where time and resources may be limited. This article also provides an analysis of the maximum displacements of different elastic layers—slipping on a non-deformable base (a load on a circular or square area) or fixed on a non-deformable base (a load on a circular area).
Recent Development of Organic Afterglow Probes for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Li Meiqin , Tu Le , Wang Huiling , Li Junrong , Sun Yao
Published: November 2024

Afterglow imaging plays a crucial role in the cancer treatment field. In contrast to inorganic afterglow imaging agents, organic afterglow imaging agents possess easily modifiable structures and exhibit excellent biocompatibility, thereby presenting significant prospects for application in tumor diagnosis and management. In this review, we summarize the design principles and applications of afterglow probes in tumor imaging and therapy. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and prospects of organic afterglow probes in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Optimized Architecture for Efficient OFDMA Network Design
Authors: Ben Brahim Sonia , Zrelli Amira , Dardouri Samia , Bouallegue Ridha
Published: November 2024

This study presents a novel approach to enhancing the design and performance of OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) networks, with a particular focus on WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for Best Effort (BE) services. The proposed method integrates a robust Markovian analytical model with four advanced scheduling algorithms: throughput fairness, resource fairness, opportunistic scheduling, and throttling. A sophisticated simulator was developed, incorporating an ON/OFF traffic generator, user-specific wireless channels, and a dynamic central scheduler to validate the model’s accuracy and evaluate its robustness by dynamically allocating radio resources per frame. The validation study showed that the proposed model reduced simulation time by over 90%, completing analytical calculations in just 15 min, compared to nearly 2 days for simulations using conventional scheduling algorithms. Performance metrics such as the average number of active users and resource utilization closely matched those from the validation study, confirming the model’s accuracy. In the robustness study, the model consistently performed well across diverse traffic distributions (exponential and Pareto) and channel conditions. The proposed architecture increased network throughput by up to 25% and reduced latency under dynamic conditions, demonstrating its scalability, adaptability, and efficiency as a crucial solution for next-generation wireless communication systems.
Frequency Selective Surfaces: Design, Analysis, and Applications
Authors: Afzal Waseem , Baig Muhammad Zeeshan , Ebrahimi Amir , Robel Md. Rokunuzzaman , Rana Muhammad Tausif Afzal , Rowe Wayne
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to provide a general review of the fundamental ideas, varieties, methods, and experimental research of the most advanced frequency selective surfaces available today. Frequency-selective surfaces are periodic structures engineered to work as spatial filters in interaction with electromagnetic (EM) waves with different frequencies, polarization, and incident angles in a desired and controlled way. They are usually made of periodic elements with dimensions less than the operational wavelength. The primary issue examined is the need for more efficient, compact, and adaptable electromagnetic filtering solutions. The research method involved a comprehensive review of recent advancements in FSS design, focusing on structural diversity, miniaturization, multiband operations, and the integration of active components for tunability and reconfigurability. Key findings include the development of highly selective miniaturized FSSs, innovative applications on flexible and textile substrates, and the exploration of FSSs for liquid and strain sensing. The conclusions emphasize the significant potential of FSS technology to enhance wireless communication, environmental monitoring, and defense applications. This study provides valuable insights into the design and application of FSSs, aiming to guide future research and development in this dynamic field.
Unravelling the Dynamics of Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurs (NDEs) and Opportunity-Driven Entrepreneurs (ODEs): A Study of Immigrant Micro Enterprises (IMEs) in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Lantai Terry , Hauge Atle , Mei Xiang Ying
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study is to investigate the notion of Necessity-driven Entrepreneurs (NDEs) and Opportunity-driven Entrepreneurs (ODEs) among IME (Immigrant Micro Enterprise) owners in the hospitality industry and how changes in motivational traits influence business practices, innovation, and growth aspirations. In many geographical contexts, the ever-challenging hospitality industry is dominated by businesses that are immigrant-owned and of micro sizes that experience additional challenges compared to their native and large counterparts. Through qualitative research and interviews with 18 owners of restaurants and eateries in the IME category in eastern Norway, the study found that while NDE traits are dominant during start-ups, ODE traits also exist, revealing a dynamic relationship between the two and thus problematic to classify hospitality IMEs as either NDE or ODE. Experiences and close customer interactions rather than formal R&D activities inspire changes and innovations in business practices, growth aspirations, and perceptions of success. This study offers new insights into hospitality IME owners’ motivations and goals, which may be relevant in other similar industries and geographical contexts. It underscores the importance of understanding the interplay of NDE and ODE traits among IME owners and their impact on business success in the challenging industry in which they operate.
The Impact of a Local Well-Being Philosophy on Revisit Intentions to Bali Among Digital Nomads
Authors: Liestiandre Hanugerah Kristiono , Morrison Alastair M. , Yasa Ni Nyoman Kerti , Sukawati Tjok Gd Raka , Sukaatmadja I. Putu Gde
Published: November 2024

The level of success in tourism is gauged by several metrics; however, the most widely used is the level of tourist arrivals. However, this research answered the call for greater investigation of the impacts of qualitative factors and intangible cultural–heritage assets on destination performance. The primary research purpose was to analyze the effect of implementing a local well-being philosophy (Tri Hita Karana) on tourist revisit intentions for Bali and the mediation of destination quality and destination image. A research model was developed to examine the relationships among local wisdom (TKH), destination quality, destination image, and revisit intentions. Data were collected via a survey of 520 digital nomadic tourists and analyzed using SmartPLS 4. The results indicated that the implementation of THK positively and significantly affected revisit intentions, destination image, and destination quality. Destination image and destination quality had positive and significant effects on revisit intentions, and destination image and destination quality also significantly mediated the effect of THK implementation on revisit intentions. The findings suggested that implementing local wisdom values such as THK in the management of a destination makes visitors feel more favorably about the quality and image of the destination and they have the intention to revisit.
Imported Cutaneous Leishmaniasis from Peru Caused by Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in a Brazilian Patient: Case Report and In Vitro Drug Susceptibility Analysis
Authors: Coser Elizabeth M. , Aoki Juliana I. , Saborito Cristiele , de la Roca Stephane , Brufatto João Paulo T. , Angerami Rodrigo , Stelini Rafael F. , Velho Paulo Eduardo N. F. , Coelho Adriano C.
Published: November 2024

In South America, cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by several species of the parasite of the genus Leishmania. Here, we describe an imported case of cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired in Peru by a Brazilian patient during her travel to Iquitos. Infection by Leishmania parasites was confirmed by histopathologic examination, and the patient was treated with pentavalent antimony (Pentostam), without clinical response. Molecular typing was performed by sequencing the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer and heat-shock protein 70 gene, which identified the parasites as Leishmania guyanensis. The clinical isolate was similarly susceptible to amphotericin B, pentamidine, and miltefosine as the reference strain, while for pentavalent antimony, this clinical isolate was more susceptible than the reference strain, even though its susceptibility in vitro was still considered low. The patient was then treated with liposomal amphotericin B, with clinical improvement of the lesions.
Experience of Health System Personnel in the Implementation of Mass Distribution Campaigns for the Control of Lymphatic Filariasis in Rural Guinea in 2022
Authors: Zoumanigui Akoi , Kolié Delphin , Lamah Lamine , Diallo Nouhou Konkouré , Tounkara Aissata , Manet Hawa , Camara Mamadou , Delamou Alexandre
Published: November 2024

This study documents the experiences of health system personnel in the implementation of mass distribution campaigns for the control of lymphatic filariasis in rural Guinea. This was an exploratory qualitative study using data collected from implementing actors of mass distribution campaigns in the Boké health district. The results showed four main facilitators of mass distribution campaign rollout in the Boké health district: (i) support to the district teams in the organization of the campaigns; (ii) involvement of community-based associations in social mobilization; (iii) strong adherence of the communities to the different mass distribution campaigns, facilitated through the involvement of community relays, who are members of these communities, in the distribution of drugs; and (iv) transparency in the allocation of incentives to drug dispensers and supervisors. However, the frequent shortages of medicines, the difficulty of access to rural areas, and the lack of logistical means for the supervision of activities were the main obstacles to the success of the various mass distribution campaigns in Boké. The provision of buffer stocks for special areas such as Boké by national programme actors and partners, joint planning of campaign activities with local managers of health systems and services, and improvement of existing mechanisms for motivating health workers, including community health workers, during future campaigns should help to achieve national objectives in the fight against NTDs in Guinea.
Correction: Refaat et al. Integrating Humanising Aspects into Urban Design: A Comprehensive Framework for Enhancing Quality of Life in Jeddah City. Urban Sci. 2024, 8, 172
Authors: Refaat Ahmed Mohamed , Ghazoliy Shahad , El Samaty Hosam Salah , Waseef Ahmed Abd Elaziz
Published: November 2024

The authors would like to make the following corrections to the published paper [...]
Correction: Tajima et al. Amino Acids at Positions 156 and 332 in the E Protein of the West Nile Virus Subtype Kunjin Virus Classical Strain OR393 Are Involved in Plaque Size, Growth, and Pathogenicity in Mice. Viruses 2024, 16, 1237
Authors: Tajima Shigeru , Ebihara Hideki , Lim Chang-Kweng
Published: November 2024

Missing Table [...]
Long-Term Spatiotemporal Trends in Precipitation, Temperature, and Evapotranspiration Across Arid Asia and Africa
Authors: Ogunrinde Akinwale T. , Adeyeri Oluwafemi E. , Xian Xue , Yu Haipeng , Jing Qiqi , Faloye Oluwaseun Temitope
Published: November 2024

This study examines trends in precipitation (PRE), maximum temperature (TMAX), minimum temperature (TMIN), and potential evapotranspiration (PET) using the Modified Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator between 1901 and 2022 in the arid lands of Central Asia, West Asia and North Africa. The results reveal complex spatial and temporal climate change patterns across the study area. Annual PRE shows a slight negative trend (Z = −0.881, p = 0.378), with significant decreases from 1951–2000 (Z = −3.329, p = 0.001). The temperatures exhibit strong warming trends (TMIN: Z = 9.591, p < 0.001; TMAX: Z = 8.405, p < 0.001). PET increased significantly (Z = 6.041, p < 0.001), with acceleration in recent decades. Spatially, precipitation decreased by 10% in maximum annual values, while PET increased by 10–15% in many areas. Temperature increases of 2–3 °C were observed, with TMAX rising from 36–39 °C to 39–42 °C in some MENA regions. Seasonal analysis shows winter precipitation decreasing significantly in recent years (Z = −1.974, p = 0.048), while summer PET shows the strongest increasing trend (Z = 5.647, p < 0.001). Spatial analysis revealed clear latitudinal gradients in temperature and PET, with higher values in southern regions. PRE patterns were more complex, with coastal and mountainous areas receiving more precipitation. The combination of rising temperatures, increasing PET, and variable PRE trends suggest an overall intensification of aridity in many parts of the region. This analysis provides crucial insights into the climate variability of these water-scarce areas, emphasizing the need for targeted adaptation strategies in water resource management, agriculture, and ecosystem conservation.
Impact of Metal Ions, Peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and pH on Sulfolane Degradation by Pressurized Ozonation
Authors: Zare Nasim , Achari Gopal
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the degradation of sulfolane using pressurized ozonation under varying initial concentrations and the influence of different catalysts and peroxymonosulfate activation methods on the degradation efficiency. Initial sulfolane concentrations of 1 mg L−1, 20 mg L−1, and 100 mg L−1 were tested over 120 min, revealing a degradation efficiency of 73%, 41%, and 18%, respectively. The addition of various metal ions (Zn2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+) demonstrated that only zinc and magnesium enhanced degradation, with zinc achieving a 92% removal efficiency and magnesium achieving 86%. Different doses of magnesium and zinc were further tested, showing optimal degradation at specific concentrations. The combination of PMS with ozonation was explored, revealing that zinc activation did not significantly enhance degradation, while NaOH activation achieved near-total degradation, with a 100 mg L−1 NaOH concentration. Varying PMS concentrations indicated that altering pH was more effective than changing PMS dosage. Finally, the impact of pH changes in both reverse osmosis water and tap water matrices confirmed that higher pH levels significantly improved degradation efficacy, achieving up to 98% removal with NaOH concentrations of 50 mg L−1 in reverse osmosis water. These results suggest that optimizing pH and catalyst type are critical for enhancing sulfolane degradation in pressurized ozonation systems.
Monitoring and Studying the Behavior of Metals in an Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant in Italy
Authors: Tuci Francesca , Antal Alexandra , Doumett Saer , Fibbi Donatella , Camisa Roberto , Bettazzi Elena , Coppini Ester , Daddi Daniele , Gori Riccardo
Published: November 2024

Heavy metals represent a significant hazard in textile wastewater, posing a considerable risk to both the ecosystem and human health. The objective of this study was to analyze the removal efficiency of specific heavy metals in a large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located in Prato (Tuscany, Italy), where the main Italian textile district is based. To achieve this, the mass balance calculation approach was employed. Therefore, two monitoring campaigns were conducted, collecting wastewater and sludge samples in some specific sections of the WWTP. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni, As, and Sn were consistently below the detection limits. A good removal efficiency was determined for Zn, Cu, Ba, Crtot, and Sb, in the range of 37–79%. These metals are predominantly present in particulate form, facilitating their removal through sedimentation. Conversely, boron is largely present in the dissolved phase, resulting in its complete release through the treated effluent. Subsequently, an excellent linear correlation was identified between the input load and the contaminant load removed. This demonstrated that the plant’s efficiency remains unaffected by an increase in the input load at the observed contaminant concentrations. Finally, a probability law was identified that demonstrates an excellent degree of approximation in representing inlet metal concentrations. The findings of this study indicate that the treatment systems employed by the WWTP are capable of effectively removing heavy metals.
Research on Cooperative Water Pollution Governance Based on Tripartite Evolutionary Game in China’s Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Wang Qing , Mao Chunmei
Published: November 2024

Cooperative governance of water pollution is an effective initiative to implement the strategy for the protection of the Yangtze River Basin. Based on the stakeholder theory, this paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of water pollution in the Yangtze River Basin from the perspective of “cost–benefit”. This paper analyzes the stability of possible equilibrium points of the evolutionary game system by scenarios and further explores the influence of key factors on the evolution of the cooperative governance system of water pollution in the Yangtze River Basin using numerical simulation. According to the findings, (1) the watershed system comprises three key stakeholders: local governments, enterprises, and the public. Each stakeholder’s behavioral strategy choice is influenced by its unique factors and the behavioral strategy choices of the other two stakeholders. (2) Equilibrium points represent the potential strategic equilibrium presented by each stakeholder. When the net income of a particular behavioral strategy within the set exceeds zero, stakeholders will be more inclined to choose that behavioral strategy. (3) The key influencing factors in the evolutionary game are regulatory costs, reputation loss, material rewards, and violation fines. Therefore, this paper proposes to construct a cooperative governance mechanism for water pollution in the Yangtze River Basin from three aspects: an efficient regulatory mechanism, a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism, and a multi-faceted incentive mechanism, with a view to promoting a higher-quality development of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin.
Assessment of Line Outage Prediction Using Ensemble Learning and Gaussian Processes During Extreme Meteorological Events
Authors: Unlu Altan , Peña Malaquias
Published: November 2024

Climate change is increasing the occurrence of extreme weather events, such as intense windstorms, with a trend expected to worsen due to global warming. The growing intensity and frequency of these events are causing a significant number of failures in power distribution grids. However, understanding the nature of extreme wind events and predicting their impact on distribution grids can help and prevent these issues, potentially mitigating their adverse effects. This study analyzes a structured method to predict distribution grid disruptions caused by extreme wind events. The method utilizes Machine Learning (ML) models, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Trees (DTs), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Gaussian Process (GP), Deep Neural Network (DNN), and Ensemble Learning which combines RF, SVM and GP to analyze synthetic failure data and predict power grid outages. The study utilized meteorological information, physical fragility curves, and scenario generation for distribution systems. The approach is validated by using five-fold cross-validation on the dataset, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing predictive capabilities against extreme wind events. Experimental results showed that the Ensemble Learning, GP, and SVM models outperformed other predictive models in the binary classification task of identifying failures or non-failures, achieving the highest performance metrics.
Incorporating Evidence of Migrant Women with Schizophrenia into a Women’s Clinic
Authors: González-Rodríguez Alexandre , Palacios-Hernández Bruma , Natividad Mentxu , Susser Leah C. , Cobo Jesús , Rial Elisa , Cachinero Helena , Izquierdo Eduard , Salvador Mireia , Balagué Ariadna , Paolini Jennipher Paola , Bagué Noelia , Pérez Anabel , Monreal José Antonio
Published: November 2024

Many gender differences in mental and physical health, along with accompanying social needs have been reported by those suffering with schizophrenia. The goal of this review is to explore the literature on migrant and culturally diverse women suffering with schizophrenia to develop and implement effective strategies in specialized clinics. In general, we found higher rates of mental health symptoms among migrant and refugee women when compared to men. Several factors contribute to this vulnerability, suggesting that women may experience more pre- and post-migration-related trauma. In clinical populations, migrant status, region of origin, age at the time of migration, migration with family or alone, and migration to join family determine the risk of schizophrenia and the clinical course of the illness. Refugee migrant women have a higher risk of schizophrenia than non-refugee migrants and native-born populations. Migration is associated with poor access to mental health services; low social support, lack of awareness of services, and language barriers may mediate this association. These findings call for specific assessments on migrant women, interventions (e.g., focus groups), and improvement in current programs. In our clinics, we have recently incorporated assessment and intervention strategies that may be effective in our programming.
Barriers to Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Migrant and Refugee Youth: An Exploratory Socioecological Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Aibangbee Michaels , Micheal Sowbhagya , Liamputtong Pranee , Pithavadian Rashmi , Hossain Syeda Zakia , Mpofu Elias , Dune Tinashe Moira
Published: November 2024

(1) Background: Migrant and refugee youth’s (MRY’s) sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHRs) are a global health issue. MRY encounter adverse SRH experiences due to limited access to and knowledge of SRHRs services. Using a socioecological framework, this study examined the barriers affecting MRY’s SRHRs. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study utilising a participatory action research design was used. A total of 87 MRY (ages 16–26, from 20 cultural groups within Greater Western Sydney, Australia) completed seventeen focus group discussions on their SRHRs experiences. The focus groups were co-facilitated by youth project liaisons to ensure their authenticity and validity. The data were analysed thematically and interpreted using socioecological theory. (3) Results: The findings identified socioecological barriers, a lack of awareness about and access to services, and sociocultural dissonance as leading to the under-implementation of SRHRs services. These barriers included cultural disconnects, language barriers, remote service locations, intergenerational cultural conflicts, and ineffective SRHRs services. The key themes identified included traditional and institutional stigma, lack of SRH education, reliance on social media for SRH information, and privacy concerns. (4) Conclusions: There is a limited consideration of MRY’s SRHRs and the impact of intergenerational discordance and stigma on MRY’s rights. The findings suggest the necessity for a collaborative SRHRs strategy and policy design that empowers MRY’s agency across multicultural contexts.
How Live Music Can Be Delivered to Children and Young People to Support Their Mental Health and Wellbeing: Co-Produced Solutions and Key Findings from a Series of Intergenerational Multi-Disciplinary Workshops
Authors: Gilmour Lynne , Honeybul Louise , Mackay David , Jamison Jenny , Woodhouse Amy
Published: November 2024

Background: Children and young people’s (CYP) mental health is a policy priority, with rates of poor mental health reported to be as much as one in five across the UK. Traditional mental health support services cannot meet demand, and new approaches are needed. The creative arts can be an effective tool in supporting mental health. However, little is known about how live music can be used to support CYP mental health and wellbeing. We facilitated three, two-day intergenerational and multi-disciplinary workshops to co-produce ideas about how live music could be delivered to this end. Results: Workshops were held in three locations in Scotland, attended by a mixture of CYP, youth workers, mental health practitioners, teachers, and musicians (n = 91). A range of co-created solutions were generated including a live music festival designed for and with CYP and free gig tickets. Barriers and facilitators for CYP accessing live music were also identified. Furthermore, these workshops were found to increase confidence for musicians in delivering live music events to CYP, and CYP felt their voices were heard in their design of the delivery. Conclusions: This study presents novel co-created solutions about how live music can be delivered to CYP that need to be tried and tested in future research. It also provides key insights for musicians, live music providers, and people supporting CYP about the best approach to delivering live music for CYP.
Mental healthcare and pragmatic shared decision-making in general practice: An interview study
Authors: Noordam Désanne , Heijmans Monique , Noordman Janneke , olde Hartman T Tim , van Dulmen Sandra
Published: November 2024

Background

Healthcare providers in general practice are expected to deliver mental healthcare to patients through shared decision-making (SDM). It is unclear if they perceive their SDM to be affected by challenging circumstances in mental healthcare, eg, how waiting time for therapy plays a role.

Aim

To explore how healthcare providers and patients in general practice engage in SDM, given the challenging circumstances in mental healthcare.

Design & setting

A qualitative interview study in seven Dutch general practices.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with general practitioners (GPs;N=9), practice nurses mental health (PNMHs;N=8) and patients that sought mental healthcare (N=18). The interviews were deductively and inductively thematically analyzed.

Results

The participants mainly reported on SDM regarding treatment in secondary mental healthcare. The PNMHs explained they lack an overview of available treatments and waiting times in facilities. The PNMHs therefore instruct patient to also search for options themselves. Most patients found this approach burdensome, especially those new to mental healthcare. These patients were said to often express no strong treatment preferences and rely on advice by their healthcare providers. The GPs and PNMHs explained that in such cases, they often adopt a pragmatic approach and for example refer indecisive patients to facilities with little waiting time.

Conclusion

The healthcare providers and patients in general practice experience they adapt their approach to SDM in reaction to the circumstances in mental healthcare. Further exploration of how SDM is implemented and shaped by challenging circumstances across different healthcare settings is needed.
Odontogeriatria em oncologia: estratégias para a saúde oral e suporte assistencial
Authors: Bernardes Júlia Santos , Rezende Yan Gabriel Cunha , Arruda Ana Luíza Ferreira de , Miranda Alexandre Franco
Published: November 2024

O tratamento oncológico em idosos implica desafios específicos, dada a vulnerabilidade sistêmica dessa faixa etária. A oncogeriatria se estabelece como uma abordagem integrativa, ressaltando a necessidade de um manejo odontológico especializado. Foi realizada uma revisão interdisciplinar da literatura, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Lilacs e MedLine, totalizando 34 referências.  Foram avaliados estudos que abordaram orientações e práticas odontológicas na assistência de idosos em tratamento antineoplásico. Foram identificadas como cruciais as práticas odontológicas colaborativas no pré, intra, pós-tratamento oncológico, transplante de medula óssea, câncer de boca e cuidados paliativos visando reduzir complicações como mucosite, xerostomia e infecções secundárias. A participação ativa da odontologia nos cuidados multidisciplinares mostrou correlação positiva com a melhora da qualidade de vida e redução da morbidade associada ao tratamento. O manejo odontológico integrado no contexto da oncogeriatria é fundamental para a manutenção da saúde sistêmica e resiliência oral das pessoas idosas. A intervenção odontológica interdisciplinar é imprescindível, sendo uma aliada ao tratamento oncológico para garantir um percurso terapêutico mais seguro e confortável para o paciente geriátrico.
El trabajo colaborativo como estrategia, para favorecer el aprendizaje en las matemáticas básicas en alumnos del primer semestre de la Licenciatura en Contaduría caso: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración
Authors: Camarena Genaro Flores , Olvera Fabiola Zavala , Montes Irma Leticia Contreras , Acosta Sergio López , López Francisco Ocegueda , Peña Griselda Carmona , Bernal Ignacio Maldonado , Martínez Cesar Rafael Gómez
Published: November 2024

El presente proyecto busca optimizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el ámbito de Matemáticas Básicas en estudiantes de primer semestre de la Licenciatura en Contaduría de la Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración (UACyA), localizada dentro de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit (UAN). Se propone la implementación del trabajo colaborativo o en equipo como estrategia educativa, con el fin de fomentar la participación activa y el aprendizaje significativo mediante actividades en conjunto y donde los alumnos puedan aplicar los conceptos de las matemáticas básicas en situaciones prácticas y contextualizadas, estas actividades incluyen metodologías adaptadas a las necesidades específicas de los estudiantes, promoviendo la aplicación práctica de los conceptos matemáticos como son la multiplicación de expresiones algebraicas. Además, se busca fortalecer la comunicación efectiva entre estudiantes y docentes, así como entre los propios estudiantes. Durante la ejecución del proyecto se realizan diversas evaluaciones como son la evaluación diagnóstica y final, esta última con el objeto de medir su impacto en el aprendizaje, permitiendo ajustes continuos para mejorar los resultados académicos futuros.
Implementar el trabajo colaborativo como estrategia para mejorar el aprendizaje de la contabilidad básica en los estudiantes de primer semestre, de la licenciatura en mercadotecnia, caso: Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración, Universidad Autóno
Authors: Olvera Fabiola Zavala , Camarena Genaro Flores , Bernal Ignacio Maldonado , Aragón Iliana Josefina Velasco , Álvarez Ricardo Gómez , Ibarra Raquel Castañeda
Published: November 2024

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Contabilidad Básica en los estudiantes de primer semestre de la Licenciatura en Mercadotecnia, específicamente en la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit (UAN) - Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración (UACyA). Reconociendo la importancia de esta materia en la formación académica y profesional de los futuros mercadólogos, implementando el trabajo colaborativo como estrategia educativa. La implementación del trabajo colaborativo se centra en fomentar una dinámica participativa y cooperativa entre los estudiantes, promoviendo el intercambio de conocimientos, el debate constructivo y el trabajo en equipo. Se buscará crear un ambiente propicio para el aprendizaje activo y significativo, donde los alumnos puedan aplicar los conceptos de contabilidad básica en situaciones prácticas y contextualizadas.
Doğal Gaz Boru Hattı İnşaatı Maliyetlerinin Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon ve K-En Yakın Komşuluk Yöntemleri İle Tahmini
Authors: Çakmak Coşkun , Erdal Mürsel
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye sınırları içerisinde yapılacak olan doğal gaz boru hattı (DGBH) maliyetlerinin ön tahmini için makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları kullanılarak modeller geliştirilmiştir. Bunun için, 1997-2022 yılları arasında Türkiye'de tamamlanmış DGBH projelerinden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Projelerin boru çapı, hat uzunluğu, hat vanası sayısı, take-off vana sayısı ve pig istasyonu sayısı gibi değişkenleri, maliyet tahmininde bağımsız değişkenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Veri setinin nicel anlamda yetersiz ve veri kalitesinin ortalama bir seviyede olmasından dolayı, klasik makine öğrenmesi tahmin süreçleri yürütülememiştir. Bu nedenle, mevcut veri seti eğitim ve test bölümlerine ayrılmadan, bütün veri kullanılarak çalışılmış ve Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon (ÇDR) ile K-En Yakın Komşu (KNN) algoritmalarına konumlandırıldığında modelin uygun bir şekilde performans gösterip göstermediği incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma, ileride veri kalitesinin ve sayısının artması durumunda, klasik makine öğrenmesi tahmin süreçlerinin yürütülüp yürütülemeyeceği konusunda ön fikir vermesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki farklı yöntem denemesinde de benzer ve ortalama düzeyde belirleme katsayıları (R²) elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada, DGBH projelerinde ön maliyet tahminlerinin hassasiyetini iyileştirmek için ÇDR ve KNN yöntemlerinin etkinliği karşılaştırılmış ve sektöre önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı değerlendirilmiştir. Gelecekte yapılacak çalışmaların daha geniş veri setleri ve farklı model teknikleri kullanarak maliyet tahminlerinin doğruluğunu artırabileceği ve sektör paydaşlarına yol gösterici olabileceği öngörülmektedir.
Multidisciplinary Consideration for Managing Gingival Black Triangles in Aesthetic Dentistry: A Review
Authors: Abdulgani M. Abdulgani M. , Qawasmeh N. Qawasmeh N. , Azz Abdulgani , Abu-Hussein M Abu-Hussein M
Published: November 2024

The importance of aesthetics in modern dentistry is paramount. Aesthetics has its different values and perceptions, which may be different from the eyes of the patient and those of the clinician [1]. It is dependent on the socio-economic status and the upbringing and mentality of each individual person. Open gingival embrasures or black triangle cause complex functional and aesthetic problems. Management of such problems requires careful evaluation of the underlying causes. In today’s aesthetic environment where both the dentist and the patient are aware of aesthetic value, the real challenge was to reconstruct this lost papilla and moreover to obtain stable and sustainable results. asure area, root angulations, interproximal contact position, triangular-shaped crowns and aging. Treatment of black triangles often requires an interdisciplinary approach, involving of periodontal; orthodontic and restorative treatment. In this review, the authors highlighted the important etiological factors that predispose to the occurrence of the black triangles. In addition to the common biological factors, dimensional changes of papilla during orthodontic alignment, the relevant consequences of periodontal disease treatment and iatrogenic treatment mishaps such as poor veneers and crowns are factors have also been discussed as factors that may lead to black triangles.
The Potentials of Strong Earthquakes in Sub-Sahara Africa and the Neighbouring Regions: A Concept Study
Authors: Okwesili Ngozi Agatha , Akor John Yakubu , Awucha Igwe Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

This review article provides an overview of the potential locations of strong earthquakes in Sub-Saharan Africa and its neighboring regions. The study examines the geological factors contributing to seismic activity in the region and discusses the potential impact of earthquakes on the local population and infrastructure. Statistical analysis shows that the East African Rift Zone has experienced the highest seismic activity over the last two decades, with an average earthquake magnitude of 5.2 and 350 recorded seismic events of magnitude greater than 4, leading to an estimated economic loss of $850 million. Cities like Nairobi and Dar es Salaam, with urban infrastructure preparedness indices of 4.2 and 5.1 respectively, are at high risk due to their proximity to seismic zones and high population densities. The paper highlights the need for further research and preparedness measures to mitigate these risks and foster seismic resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Innovation in Legislation and Its Role in Stimulating the Development of Legal Administration: An Analytical Study in Legal Institutions
Authors: Abdulwahab Nameer Ali , Radhi Shaher Rekan , Hadhood Hussain Ali
Published: November 2024

The research aims to understand the impact of innovation in legislation on the development of legal management. We depended on 3 dimensions: (Flexibility –Transparency Inclusiveness). A sample such as a hundred employees become drawn, representing 50% of the populace size. A questionnaire become used to acquire the desired information, and the facts were analyzed the usage of SPSS 25 statistical software. The researcher dispensed 160 research bureaucracy and retrieved a 125 questionnaires, representing a reaction charge of 78%. There had been 25 invalid questionnaires for evaluation, accounting for 15.6%. Thus, 100 valid questionnaires had been obtained, forming the studies pattern with a reaction charge of 62.5 %. A set of statistical techniques changed into hired, such as imply calculation, correlation coefficient, and simple regression analysis, further to the use of a five point Likert scale for individual responses inside the sample. The studies concluded with several findings, the most vital of which might be: There is a vast impact of innovation in rules throughout its studied dimensions in stimulating the improvement of legal management. The researcher recommended the need of increasing funding in legislative development by allocating extra financial resources and human capital to enhance the prison infrastructure.