bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH BINGE EATING DISORDER AMONG ADOLESCENT IN SEMAMPIR DISTRICT, SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Andani Dian Puteri , Adi Annis Catur
Published: February 2021

Teenage phase is a critical period of psychosocial development. Adolescent eating patterns are formed in this phase. Household food security is among factors which may infl uence eating pattern. Adolescent who are exposed to food insecure condition tend to experience stress, which one of the coping mechanisms is overeating and may develop binge eating disorder. The purpose of this study is to analyze association between household food security status and binge eating disorder in adolescent. This case control study involved 74 adolescents aged 16-18 years and their parents in Semampir District, Surabaya, Indonesia who were selected randomly using simple random sampling. Household food security was assessed by using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and binge eating disorder is assessed by using Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS). The association between household food security and binge eating disorder was analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test. There was an association between food security status (p = 0,001) and binge eating disorder. Further analysis showed that adolescents at risk of food insecurity were 5,625 times more likely to experience a binge eating disorder. This study recommends to increase food security through economic empowerment of housewives and socialization about coping strategy for both parent and adolescent.
ACCEPTABILITY AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF INSTANT DRINK MADE FROM YELLOW SWEET POTATO AND RED KIDNEY BEAN AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLEMENTARY DRINK FOR PREGNANT WOMEN WITH CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY
Authors: Majiding Chaidir Masyhuri , Damayanthi Evy , Dewi Mira
Published: February 2021

Providing supplementary food or drink for pregnant women with chronic energy defi ciency (CED) is one form of specifi c interventions to increase the nutritional intake of pregnant women which is quite eff ective. Supplementary drink made from local food are very appropriate to be developed by considering its nutritional and sensory aspects. This study aimed to develop and to analyze instant powder drink made from yellow sweet potato and red kidney bean as an alternative supplementary drink for pregnant women with chronic energy defi ciency (CED). This study used a completely randomized factorial design with two factors and two replications. The ratio between yellow sweet potato and red kidney beans as the fi rst factor and the addition of maltodextrin as the second factor. Results showed that from 6 formulas, formula with ratio 3:1 of yellow sweet potato and red bean also the addition of 5% maltodextrin (F5) was chosen as the best formula. Based on acceptance test results, instant drink was accepted by pregnant women with percentage of acceptance 89.5% of overall sensory characteristics. Nutrient content analysis showed that instant drink contained 423 kcal of energy, 3.75% of water, 1.52% of ash, 14.28% of protein, 9.92% of fat, 70.53% of carbohydrates, 7.27% of dietary fi ber, 14.4 mg of β-carotene, and 74.22% of protein digestibility. This product can be suggested as an alternative supplementary drink for CED pregnant women because it was acceptable by sensory and the nutrient content had fulfi lled nutritional content requirements of supplementary food for CED pregnant women
Symmetry or face asymmetry, what is the condition — contemporary opinions of researchers
Authors: Wróblewska Agnieszka , Bhatia Mohit , Matthews‑Brzozowska Teresa , Polańska Adriana
Published: February 2021

Symmetry, among others, is the exponent of the correct face structure. 31 publications from the last 5 years were selected from medical databases, which discussed factors that may affect facial symmetry. According to the analyzed reports, the etiology of facial asymmetry is multifactorial through functional, neuromuscular, stomatognathic, environmental, congenital, acquired as a result of injuries, cancer, chronic skin diseases and aging process. Fluctuation asymmetry within the population average does not significantly affect the assessment of facial attractiveness, while a significant degree of fluctuation asymmetry can have a destructive impact on the multi‑faceted quality of life of an individual.
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN DOMINANSI RUMPUT LAUT HIDROKOLOID PADA SUBSTRAT YANG BERBEDA DI PERAIRAN PANTAI KARANGTENGAHNUSAKAMBANGAN CILACAP
Authors: Ardiyanto Bayu , Insan Achmad Ilalqisny , Widyartini Dwi Sunu
Published: February 2021

Perairan Pantai Karangtengah Nusakambangan Cilacap memiliki berbagai macam tipe substrat yaitu pasir, karang, dan campuran. Kondisi pantai dengan banyak tipe substrat memungkinkan berbagai spesies rumput laut untuk tumbuh. Informasi terkait keanekaragaman dan dominansi spesies rumput laut penghasil hidrokoloid di perairan Pantai Karangtengah belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan dominansi rumput laut penghasil hidrokoloid pada substrat yang berbeda di perairan Pantai Karangtengah Nusakambangan Cilacap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu metode transek acak terpilih. Sebanyak enam garis transek dibuat secara tegak lurus dengan garis pantai dan jarak antar transek 25 m. Setiap transek dibuat tiga plot yang masing-masing plot berukuran 1x1 m berdasarkan substratnya (karang, pasir, dan campuran). Parameter utama yang diamati yaitu jumlah biomassa dan jumlah spesies. Parameter pendukung yang diamati adalah faktor lingkungan yaitu temperatur, salinitas, pH, kecepatan arus dan kedalaman. Jumlah spesies rumput laut hidrokoloid yang ditemukan sebanyak 10 spesies rumput laut dengan rincian 5 spesies penghasil alginat, 3 spesies penghasil agar, dan  2 spesies penghasil karaginan. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman di perairan pantai karangtengah antara 0,6-2,0 tergolong keanekaragaman sedang. Nilai indeks dominansi di perairan Pantai Karangtengah antara 0,2-0,6 tergolong dominansi rendah.
Authors: Piranti Agatha Sih , Priska Amalia , Riyanto Erwin Ardli
Published: February 2021

Kualitas air merupakan kondisi suatu perairan yang dapat diukur dan diuji berdasarkan parameter-parameter tertentu. Salah satu indikator biologi yang baik digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan kualitas air adalah zooplankton. Perairan Segara Anakan Cilacap mendapat masukkan material padatan dari lingkungan yang berasal dari buangan limbah industri dan pemukiman, sehingga perlu dikaji kualitas air dan pengaruhnya terhadap zooplankton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas air dengan keragaman dan kelimpahan zooplankton. Metode penelitian menggunakan survai pada 7 stasiun pengamatan di kawasan segara anakan bagian timur. Kualitas air dikaji berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah no 51 tahun 2004 tentang kecocokan kualitas air untuk kehidupan biota laut. Jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu digunakan sebagai dasar perhitungan keragaman dan kelimpahan zooplankton. Hubungan kualitas air dan keragaman dan kelimpahan zooplankton dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa secara keseluruhan kualitas air di Segara Anakan Cilacap masih tergolong baik. Keragaman menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan kesesuaian untuk biota laut ada 3 parameter yang melebihi baku mutu PP no 51 tahun 2004 yaitu pH, TSS, DO dan COD. Kelimpahan zooplankton di segara anakan antar stasiun sangat berfluktuatif berkisar antara 175 -1907 ind.l-1 yang yang terdiri atas 43 spesies dari 8 ordo. Spesies yang paling melimpah adalah Laophonte brevirostris dan Leptodiaptomus ashlandii. Kelimpahan zooplankton di segara anakan ditentukan oleh 3 parameter yaitu salinitas, TDS dan BOD dengan mengikuti persamaan sebagai berikut : Kelimpahan zooplankton  = 3427 - 271 Salinitas + 0.74 TDS + 1090 BOD dengan nilai R2 adalah 0.863.
Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg) Extent in Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Noviani Ertika , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Samosir Agustinus Mangaratua
Published: February 2021

Banten Bay is located in the north of Java Island and influenced by anthropogenic activities around the bay. Increasing population growth and rapid development of industrial and urban activities around the waters of the Banten Bay can lead to an increased input of pollutants in the form of heavy metal in the water body. This study aims to analyze the Pb and Hg levels that accumulate in mud crab (Scylla serrata) in Cengkok coastal waters, Banten Province. Samples of the mud crabs were taken in the waters for six months, from March to August 2019. Analysis of heavy metal concentrations was carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS) AA 7000 series Shimadzu. Heavy metal (Pb and Hg) in the mud crab in Banten Bay were below the specified quality standard. The bio-concentration factor of the mud crab was low (<100). Results of the calculation of the maximum limit of consumption of the mud crab meat (that accumulates heavy metals in the human body) were 3.5 kg of meat/week for adults and 0.9 kg of meat/week for children.Keywords: Crustacean, pollution, limit of consumption.
Species Composition and Distribution of Tropical Marine Macroalgae In The Pari Island Reef Cluster, Jakarta
Authors: Zulpikar Firman , Handayani Tri , Renyaan Jeverson , Rifai Husen , Perisha Bayu
Published: February 2021

The objective of this study was to analyze the species composition and distribution of marine macroalgae at Pari Island reef cluster-Seribu Islands reef system Jakarta based on specimen information available in Reference Collection of Research Center for Oceanography (RCO-LIPI). The Macroalgae specimens were collected irregularly by researchers during marine expedition projects from 1973 until 2014. Taxonomic identification of specimens was conducted in 2014, validation of species names was updated in May 2020 through www.macroalgaebase.org. The floristic composition value of macroalgae was analyzed using the C/P, R/P, and (R+C)/P ratio. Bray-Curtis similarity index analyzes were performed to visualize differences in macroalgae species from the different islands. We recorded a total of 41 species from 25 genus and 18 families. Rhodophyta represented the most significant number of taxa with 20 species (49%), followed by Chlorophyta with 11 species (27%) and Phaeophyta with ten species (24%). In this study, we found that Sargassum polycystum, Gracilaria salicornia, Amphiroa fragilisima, and Halimeda opuntia are dominant species in the study area. The highest macroalgae diversity found in Kongsi Island with 33 species, while the lower diversity found in Pari Island with five species. Bray-Curtis Similarity index showed that Kongsi Island and Burung Island have the highest similarity value with 29,26%, while Tikus Island and Pari Island have the lowest similarity value with 11,76%. The macroalgae distribution in the Pari island reef cluster influenced by the difference of substrate profile and environmental pressure derived from human activities. Proper management of macroalgae resources is necessary to preserve the sustainability of the macroalgae ecosystem. Keywords: macroalgae, composition, distribution, Pari Island
The Influence of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaf Powder Addition to Feed on the Prevalence and Survival Rate of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) seeds Infected by Aeromonas hydrophilla Bacteria
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Koniyo Yuniarti , Panigoro Citra
Published: February 2021

Feed is one main factor in aquaculture activities which influences the quantity and quality of aquaculture commodities. Feed can also increase the cultivated fish survivability to prevent from fish diseases. Binahong leaf powder is one material added in the fish feed making which contains active compounds functioning as antibacterial agent. This study did aim at examining the influence of Binahong leaf powder addition to feed on the prevalence and survival rate of Red Tilapia seeds infected by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. This research employed an experimental method using a randomized complete design with four treatments. Each treatment consisted of different Binahong leaf powder dosage used as the material in feed making with treatment A (5%), treatment B (7%), treatment C (9%), and treatment D (control). The test animals were ± 5 cm red tilapia seeds infected by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. Feeding was given twice, in the morning and evening with the feeding rate of 10% per day of the total body weight. The research results showed that the addition of Binahong leaf powder did not influence the prevalence and survival rate of red tilapia seeds infected by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacteria, Binahong, Disease, Feed
Macroalgae Community Structure at Semak Daun Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Sekar Ajeng , Marhaeni Bintang , Meinita Maria Dyah Nur
Published: February 2021

Semak Daun Island was part of the Kepulauan Seribu which was a marine tourism destination such as snorkeling and diving site. The existence of these activities had been affecting the condition of the biota community that lives in these waters including macroalgae. The condition of macroalgae communities can be observed by abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance analysis that occur in these communities that are known as the community structure. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure of macroalgae communities (abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance) in Semak Daun Island. This research results was found 3 divisions, 10 orders, 13 families, 15 genera and 20 species of macroalgae. The abundance of macroalgae ranges from 235 - 782 individuals/100m2, classified as low abundance. Diversity ranges from 0.96 to 1.83, classified as low diversity. Uniformity ranges from 0.4 to 0.71, including the moderate uniformity and Dominance ranges from 0.22 to 0.57 belong to the low to moderate category, with the most dominant species being Galaxaura rugosa. Physics-chemical parameters of water in general are included in the normal range to support macroalgae life. Based on this, the condition of the macroalgae community structure on Semak Daun Island which is in a less favorable condition is likely due to the existence of snorkeling and diving activities by tourists. Keywords: community structure, macroalgae, Semak Daun Island
Investment Feasibility of Ecotourism Development in Small Island
Authors: Romadhon Agus , Suhartono Suhartono , Rini Dyah Ayu Sulistyo
Published: February 2021

The small islands have unique natural conditions, although they are surrounded and isolated by the sea, their natural environment is well preserved and offers interest views. Ecotourism is one of the activities to utilize ecosystem services of small islands. The study aimed to evaluate the suitability of tourism and assess the feasibility of investing in ecotourism development using the Tourism Suitability Index (TSI) and the Small Island Investment Index (SII). The research location is on Saor Island, one of the small islands in Madura Island. The results showed that Saobi Island is suitable for diving and snorkelling tourism (2.0 ≤ TSI <2.5). Infrastructure conditions, governance, socio-culture make Saobi Island a suitability investment place for tourism investment (SII = 3.70). Saobi Island policies to support small island ecotourism investments are improving the quality of accessibility, land ownership, availability of infrastructure, reinventing local traditions and improved the quality of human resources Keywords: ecotourism, Saor island, small island investment
The Impact of Tsunami on Seagrass Ecosystem in Tanjung Lesung, Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Khalifa Muta Ali , Rahmawati Ani , Indaryanto Forcep Rio , Adrianto Luky , Agus Syamsul Bahri , Kurniawan Fery , Setiawan Aldi Agus , Aryani Desy , Rustam Agustin
Published: February 2021

The Sunda Strait Tsunami (end of 2018) has an impact on the seagrass ecosystem in Tanjung Lesung. This paper described the seagrass ecosystem’s changes after the tsunami disaster. Sentinel-2 satellite image processing in 2018 and 2019 was used to see changes in the seagrass area. The field data were collected from May–July 2019, including the types of seagrass ecosystems based on data seagrass existence, density and biomass. Then, the seagrass sample was analyzed biomass after the tsunami disaster. The results showed that the data from 2018 – 2019 showed decreased seagrass area from 105.86 to 77.07 ha. Seagrass density dropped quite dramatically, and the species of Halodule uninervis was no longer found. The ratio of after tsunami BG/AbG dry biomass has doubled compared to before the tsunami, which indicates the seagrass's lower biomass is higher than the upper part allegedly due to tsunami impacts. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the seagrass ecosystems changed and disrupted by the tsunami. Keywords: Seagrass, Tanjung Lesung, Tsunami, Sentinel-2
Towards Community-based Enterprises Empowerment Model for Rural Areas
Authors: Sholikhah Zahrotush
Published: February 2021

Kewirausahaan memiliki peran penting untuk transformasi sosial yang berkelanjutan. Motif dan kualitas kewirausahaan diakui sebagai inti dalam membangun setiap aktivitas bisnis, termasuk usaha kecil. Penelitian ini mengkaji berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat dalam upaya mengembangkan kewirausahaan berbasis masyarakat sebagai salah satu model alternatif bisnis di wilayah perdesaan Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner pada 83 komunitas usaha kecil yang berada di wilayah kabupaten Banyumas Jawa Tengah. Kewirausahaan yang berorientasi pada masyarakat merupakan salah satu bentuk alternatif dari kewirausahaan sosial yang mengejar keuntungan ekonomi berbasis jaringan sosial.
RAT (Rattus rattus diardii L.) REPELLENT MADE OF SOURSOP (Annona muricata L.) LEAVES EXTRACT
Authors: Dewanti Meida , Pandi Hastuti Fatona Wahyu , Novita Titis Dhian , Triananda Rizqi , Jumari Arif
Published: February 2021

House rat (Rattus rattus) is a rodent that can damage any objects at home and leave manure there by resulting in bad odor and rat also becomes a host of some disease vectors. The use of plant repellent is one alternative control utilizing rat’s olfactory sense. The Soursop (Annona muricata L) is a plant with very stinking aroma and very disliked by rat, thereby can be used as plant repellent.  The aim of the research was to extract the soursop leaves and to use its extract as the active material of rat repellent. The methods employed in preparing of rat repellent from soursop leaves were grinding and maceration extraction using two different solvent, water and ethanol 96 wt%. The extract was then examined as an active material of rat repellent. The examination was conducted by adding the soursop extract to the rat food. The results

showed that the loss of rat food with repellent made of grinded soursop leaves was 1%, while with repellent made of combined grinded soursop leaves and ethanol was 2.48%. The loss of  rat food with repellent made of  water solvent soursop exstract leaves  was 64.5%, and that using  repellent made of ethanol

solvent soursop  was 16.67%. So, the utilization of soursop leaves as rat repellent was expected to reduce rat population in the people’s houses.
Application of Biogas Production Technology from Various Feedstocks on Small-Medium-Micro Enterprises: A Case Study
Authors: Susanti Ari Diana , Yudha Cornelius Satria , Firstandika Leader , Paryanto Paryanto , Wibowo Wusana Agung
Published: February 2021

Biogas production process is an alternative method to reduce dependency on non-renewable fossil-based energy consumption and also can reduce greenhouse gases production both domestically and industrially. The existing biogas technology is suitable to be adapted in small-micro-medium enterprises and domestics, specifically for those who raise cattle. The case study was performed by observation of biogas production with various wastes as feed, namely cow dung, quail manure, and wastewater of tofu production. The study conducted via direct interviews with stake holders and visitations to the instalations. Based on our observation, biogas production from cow dung exhibits the shortest retention time compared to the others, aside from the value of C/N ratio of the biogas feedstocks. The presence of biogas production installations are significantly reducing the energy supplies among the users. Beside as biogas product, the instalations also produce solid and liquid fertilizers as by-products and have relatively high economic value. Socio – engineering problems based on the application of biodigester are also studied.
Microencapsulation of Riboflavin (Vitamine B2) using Alginate and Chitosan : Effect of Surfactant Span 80 upon Microcapsule Diameter
Authors: Danarto YC. , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Budhijanto Budhijanto
Published: February 2021

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) plays an important role in the growth and maintenance of human metabolism. Riboflavin is the highly sensitive and unstable to environmental influences such as light, reducing agents and pH. Riboflavin is protected by forming it into microcapsules with sodium alginate as a matrix and coated with chitosan reinforced with glutraldehid crosslinking. This study aims to study the process of microencapsulation of riboflavin with sodium alginate and chitosan and is emphasized to study the effect surfactant span 80 upon the size of the microcapsules formed. Based on microcapsule size and its distribution,  it  can  be  concluded  that  more  span  80  added  to  paraffin  oil  will  reduce  the  size  of microcapsule that is formed
Review : Metode Sintesis Katoda LiFePO4 Baterai Lithium-Ion
Authors: Rachmanto Moch Khabibul Adi , Wibowo Liliana Triatmajaning , Paramitha Tika
Published: February 2021

Abstrak. Material katoda merupakan salah satu komponen penting pada baterai berbasis lithium-ion. Material katoda yang digunakan dalam baterai lithium-ion diantaranya LNCA (LiNi0,8Co0,15Al0,05O2), LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, dan LNCM (LiNi0,3Co0,3Mn0,3O2). Katoda LiFePO4 yang memiliki keunggulan beda tegangan operasi yang tinggi (3,45 V phosphoolivines), kapasitas spesifik tinggi (170 mAh/g), biaya bahan baku murah, ramah lingkungan, kestabilan terhadap panas tinggi, dan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai penyimpanan daya tinggi. Namun, LiFePO4 juga memiliki beberapa kelemahan yaitu memiliki konduktivitas rendah, laju difusi ion Li+ yang lambat, dan kerapatan energi yang rendah. Untuk mengoptimalkan kekurangan tersebut, telah dilakukan sintesis katoda dengan berbagai metode. Artikel ilmiah ini membahas mengenai sintesis katoda LiFePO4 dengan beberapa metode, yaitu presipitasi, solid state, dan sol gel. Selain itu, artikel ini memuat tinjauan (review) mengenai hasil analisa struktur, morfologi, dan performa elektrokimia baterai dengan katoda LiFePO4.

 

Abstract. Cathode material is one of important component in lithium ion batteries. Cathode materials used in lithium ion batteries including LNCA (LiNi0,8Co0,15Al0,05O2), LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, and LNCM (LiNi0,3Co0,3Mn0,3O2). The advantage of LiFePO4 cathode are high operating voltage (3.45 V phosphoolivines), high specific capacity (170 mAh/g), low cost raw material, environmentally friendly, high heat stability, and can be applied as high power storage. However, LiFePO4 also has disadvantages, such as low conductivity, slow diffusion rate of Li+ ions, and low energy density. To optimize these deficiencies, cathode synthesis has been carried out with various methods. This scientific article discusses the synthesis of the LiFePO4 cathode with several methods, namely precipitation, solid state, and sol gel. In addition, this article discuss about review of the structural analysis, morphology, and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode batteries.

 

Keywords: LiFePO4, cathode, synthesis, lithium ion batteries
Perbandingan keanekaragaman Orchidaceae di Kebun Raya Bogor
Authors: Pratiska Felia Nurjihan , Wulaningsih Ratna Dewi , Heryanti Erna , Amelia Yunita , Putri Nurfani Indah , Dalevta Oktavierera
Published: February 2021

Tanaman Anggrek dikelompokkan menjadi dua berdasarkan tempat hidupnya antara lain anggrek terestrial dan anggrek epifit. Dikarenakan keberadaan spesies Anggrek di alam semakin terancam, banyak dari spesies Anggrek dibudidayakan di kawasan konservasi ex situ yang digunakan sebagai pusat pelestarian keanekaragaman tumbuhan dari kepunahan, salah satu kawasan tersebut ialah Kebun Raya Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan keanekaragaman anggrek (Orchidaceae) yang terdapat di dalam Griya Anggrek dan yang terdapat di luar Griya Anggrek, Kebun Raya Bogor (KRB). Penelitian dilakukan di dua lokasi antara lain di dalam Griya Anggrek yang dibagi menjadi 4 titik sampling dan di luar Griya Anggrek yang dibagi menjadi 3 titik sampling. Setiap titik sampling dibuat 3 plot dengan ukuran 10 m x 10 m. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbandingan keanekaragaman Orchidaceae yang terdapat di dalam Griya Anggrek dan sekitarnya pada Kebun Raya Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor keanekaragaman tumbuhan anggrek yang berada di kawasan Griya Anggrek memiliki keanekaragaman yang lebih tinggi daripada diluar kawasan Griya Anggrek. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya fasilitas yang memadai, penjagaan suhu, kelembaban, serta intensitas cahaya yang menjadi faktor pendukung keanekaragaman nggrek yang terdapat di Griya Anggrek lebih tinggi.
Keanekaragaman tanaman Garcinia di Kebun Raya Bogor, Indonesia
Authors: Masdar Anis , Pangestu Gia Laras , Utami Balqis Wahyu , Stefany Yohana Olivia , Amalia Rosa , Azrai Eka Putri , Rini Daniar Setyo
Published: February 2021

Garcinia adalah nama marga tumbuh-tumbuhan dari suku Clusiaceae. Salah satu spesies tanaman Garcinia di Indonesia merupakan tanaman komoditas dan dapat dimakan yakni Garcinia mangostana, biasa dikenal juga dengan sebutan tanaman buah manggis. Tanaman ini memiliki beragam manfaat dari bagian tanamannya, seperti daun serta buah. Beragamnya spesies tanaman Garcinia mengartikan bahwa semakin banyak manfaat yang bisa diperoleh. Kebun Raya Bogor merupakan lahan pelestarian di bidang ex-situ yang memiliki peran alih lahan konservasi serta bidang pendidikan dan penelitian, dalam hal ini terkhusus dalam spesies tanaman Garcinia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman serta dominansi tanaman Garcinia yang ada di Kebun Raya Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 25 November 2020. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menghitug jumlah tanaman serta mengindentifikasi spesies tanaman Garcinia. Metode yang digunakan adalah non destruktif dengan teknik quadrat sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12 spesies tanaman Garcinia terindentifikasi dengan total jumlah individu sebanyak 17. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) tanaman Garcinia adalah 2,316, hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman tanaman Garcinia, produktivitas serta kompleksitas ekosistemnya dalam kategori cukup. Sedangkan nilai indeks dominansi (C) tertinggi adalah tanaman Garcinia syzigifolia dengan angka 0,05536, hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks dominansi yang didapatkan berada pada kategori dominansi rendah dan pola dominansi spesies tanaman Garcinia adalah menyebar di Kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor.
Karakteristik Beberapa Jenis Bambu di Kebun Raya Bogor, Indonesia
Authors: Legi Annida , Septianingrum Putri , Katipah Katipah , Verolina Maria , Aulya Nailul Rahmi , Supriyatin Supriyatin
Published: February 2021

Tingkat keberagaman spesies bambu di Kebun Raya Bogor termasuk cukup tinggi. Keberagaman jenis tanaman bambu di Kebun Raya Bogor dapat diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakteristik morfologinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis bambu, mendeskripsikan karakteristik bambu, dan mengidentifikasi perbedaan karakteristik masing-masing jenis bambu dari bentuk rimpang, tipe rumpun, tipe pelepah, buluh, serta luas daun dan jumlah rumpunnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan teknik eksplorasi. Data rata-rata luas daun diperoleh dengan bantuan aplikasi imageJ dan dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah dan uji lanjut LSD. Hasil penelitian didapatkan karakteristik yang beraneka ragam dan unik diantara Gigantochloa sp., Arundinaria hindsii, Scizosthachyum sp., Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa blumeana, dan Gigantochloa atter, dan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata luas daun Gigantochloa sp., Arundinaria hindsii, Scizosthachyum sp., Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa blumeana, dan Gigantochloa atter.
Kaçakçılığın Belirleyicileri: Avrupa ve Orta Asya Ülkeleri Üzerine Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli Uygulaması
Authors: AKSÖZ YILMAZ Hande
Published: February 2021

Kaçakçılık, malların dış ticaretindeki belli başlı bazı yükümlülüklerden kaçmak ve / veya sınır kontrollerinden kurtulmak için vergilendirmeden kaçınma faaliyetidir. Kurumsal etkinlik sağlanmadan dış ticarette serbestleşmenin gerçekleştirilmesi, kaçak ticaret yapanlara yeni fırsatlar doğurmaktadır. Kaçakçılığın belirleyicileri konusunda literatürde çok sayıda teorik incelemeye dayalı çalışma yer alırken; uygulamalı analizlerin yer aldığı çalışmalar sınırlı sayıdadır. Bu çalışmada kaçakçılık, diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak, Yapısal Eşitlik Modelinin özel bir çeşidi olan MIMIC modelinden elde edilen bulgular etrafında incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Dünya Bankası’nın coğrafi ülke sınıflandırmasında Avrupa ve Orta Asya'da yer alan 52 ülkeye ait seçilmiş değişkenlerin 2015 yılına ilişkin verilerinden yola çıkarak, kaçakçılığın nedenlerini ve göstergelerini analiz etmektir. Bu çalışma sonucunda, Avrupa ve Orta Asya ülkelerinde kaçakçılığın en önemli belirleyicilerinin hukuk düzeni, küreselleşme ve kişi başına GSMH olduğu iken; Türkiye'de ithalat maliyetleri, ticaretin GSMH içerisindeki payı, tarife oranları, hukuk düzeni, küreselleşme ve kişi başına GSMH olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sezgisel Bulanık EDAS (SB-EDAS) Yöntemi İle Finansal Performans Değerlendirme: BİST Perakende Ticaret Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: YILDIRIM Bahadır Fatih , MEYDAN Cebrail
Published: February 2021

İşletmelerin dönemsel olarak faaliyet sonuçları ve dolayısıyla bu sonuçlara bağlı finansal performansları, “işletmenin çıkar grupları ya da menfaat sahipleri” olarak adlandırılan çok geniş bir kesimi ilgilendirmektedir. İşletmelerin, yoğun rekabetin olduğu dinamik bir çevrede başarılı bir şekilde faaliyette bulunmaları ve sonsuz kabul edilen ömürlerini sürdürebilmeleri, sürekli olarak faaliyet sonuçlarını kontrol etmelerini ve performans ölçümü yapmalarını gerekli kılmaktadır. Finansal performans ölçümü genel kabul görmüş finansal oranlar ile yapılmaktadır. Ancak çok sayıda finansal oran kullanılarak yapılan ölçümler zaman, maliyet ve etkililik bakımından kısıtlara sahiptir. Bu kısıtlar nedeniyle daha az oran kullanılarak aynı başarı düzeyini sağlayan pek çok Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Tekniği geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, hisse senetleri Borsa İstanbul (BİST) perakende sektöründe işlem gören ve faaliyet alanları itibariyle benzer 7 firmanın 2017 - 2019 dönemi finansal performansları; genel kabul görmüş 10 finansal oran kullanılarak, çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden sezgisel bulanık EDAS (SB-EDAS) yöntemi ile ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, 2-3 yıllık bir zaman aralığındaki az sayıda oran ile etkili bir performans ölçümü yapılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Decade-long shift in the rate of global mean sea-level rise
Authors: Cha Hyeonsoo , Moon Jae-Hong , Kim Taekyun , Song Yuhe Tony
Published: February 2021

Recent advances in satellite measurements and ocean heat-content estimates have enabled the monitoring of global mean sea level (GMSL) budget components and understanding of ocean effects on the Earth’s energy imbalance and hydrology. We observed a notable accelerating GMSL rise rate in the recent decade after the warming “hiatus” during the 2000s, and demonstrated that this was attributed to decade-long shifts in ocean heat storage and hydrology. Since ~2011, climate-driven changes have resulted in additional ocean mass gain (271±89 Gt yr-1) from glacier-free land water storage and increased ocean heat uptake (0.28±0.17 W m-2), accelerating the GMSL rise rate by 1.4±0.4 mm yr-1. The suggested estimates of sea-level and Earth’s energy budgets highlight the importance of natural variability in understanding the impacts of the ongoing sea-level rise.
The Effect of Digoxin on Renal Function in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Hanning Ian , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Zhang Jufen , Bhandari Sunil , Clark Andrew , Shah Parin
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Digoxin is used in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical treatment. Impaired renal function is commonly associated with CHF. We investigated the relation between digoxin use and change in renal function over time in patients with CHF. Methods: 1241 patients with symptoms and signs of CHF (average age 72 years (64% male), and median NTproBNP 1426 ng/l (interquartile range 632 - 2897) were divided into four groups: never on digoxin (N=394); digoxin throughout (N= 449); started digoxin at some point after baseline (N=367); and stopped digoxin at some point after baseline (N= 31). The rate of change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using linear regression. Results: Patients on digoxin throughout had a significantly greater rate of decline in eGFR per year than patients not on digoxin throughout (mean (± standard deviation); -5 (13) ml/min/1.73m2 per year v -2 (10) ml/min/1.73m2 per year, P= 0.02). In those patients who started digoxin during follow up, there was no significant difference in the rate of decline in eGFR before and after starting digoxin. There was no correlation between baseline eGFR (or rate of decline in eGFR) and age, haemoglobin or NTproBNP. Compared to patients taking both angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and beta-blocker (BB), patients who were not taking an ACEi/ARB or BB had a numerically faster rate of decline in eGFR, although this was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The rate of decline in renal function is greater in patients with CHF who are taking digoxin.
The Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Tobacco and Its Relationship With The Properties of Leaves and Rhizosphere Soils
Authors: Jiang Yingying , Wei Xiaomin , Yu Xiaofen , Liu Xin , Liu Xiaodong , Li Haiyang , Zheng Zehao , Guo Qiao , Lai Hangxian
Published: February 2021

BackgroundRhizosphere microbes possess important effects on plant growth and quality. Here we collected tobacco roots and leaf samples from ten places in Yunnan province to investigate the interaction of the rhizosphere microbes, the soil physicochemical characteristics, and the tobacco leaf properties. ResultsA high-throughput sequencing method was used to sequence the V3–V4 region of 16S rRNA genes, and the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were clustered using QIIME under 97% identity. A total of 4571 OTUs were obtained from the 30 tobacco root samples, and the top three phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria, while the top three annotated genera were Gp6, Gemmatimonas, and Gp4. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that most of the soil physicochemical properties (10 out of 17) had a significant influence on the rhizosphere microbial community. Both correlation analysis and RDA analysis revealed that quick potassium (K) and Acidobacteria_Gp3 had a significant correlation with the tobacco leaf properties. The variance partitioning analysis showed that rhizosphere microbes had a bigger influence on the tobacco leaf properties. ConclusionsOur results showed great differences in the rhizosphere microbial diversity of tobacco and complex interaction among the microbial diversity, soil physicochemical characteristics, and tobacco leaf properties.
Wolbachia-driven selective sweep in a range expanding insect species
Authors: Deng Junchen , Assandri Giacomo , Chauhan Pallavi , Futahashi Ryo , Galimberti Andrea , Hansson Bengt , Lancaster Lesley T. , Takahashi Yuma , Svensson Erik I. , Duplouy Anne
Published: February 2021

BackgroundEvolutionary processes can cause strong spatial genetic signatures, such as local loss of genetic diversity, or conflicting histories from mitochondrial versus nuclear markers. Investigating these genetic patterns is important, as they may reveal obscured processes and players. The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads within host species by conferring direct fitness benefits, or by manipulating its host reproduction to favour infected over uninfected females. Under sufficient selective advantage, the mitochondrial haplotype associated with the favoured symbiotic strains will spread (i.e. hitchhike), resulting in low mitochondrial genetic variation across the host species range. The common bluetail damselfly (Ischnura elegans: van der Linden, 1820) has recently emerged as a model organism of the genetics and genomic signatures of range expansion during climate change. Although there is accumulating data on the consequences of such expansion on the genetic of I. elegans, no study has screened for Wolbachia in the damselfly genus Ischnura. Here, we present the biogeographic variation in Wolbachia prevalence and penetrance in 17 I. elegans populations across Europe and Japan, and from close relatives in the Mediterranean area (i.e. I. genei: Rambur, 1842; and I. saharensis: Aguesse, 1958). ResultsOur data reveal (a) multiple Wolbachia-strains, (b) potential transfer of the symbiont through hybridization, (c) higher infection rates at higher latitudes, and (d) reduced mitochondrial diversity in the north-west populations, indicative of hitchhiking associated with the selective sweep of the most common strain. We found low mitochondrial haplotype diversity in the Wolbachia-infected north-western European populations (Sweden, Scotland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Italy) of I. elegans, and, conversely, higher mitochondrial diversity in populations with low penetrance of Wolbachia (Ukraine, Greece, Montenegro and Cyprus). The timing of the selective sweep associated with infected lineages was estimated between 20 000 to 44 000 years before present, which is consistent with the end of the last glacial period about 20 000 ya. ConclusionsOur findings provide an example of how endosymbiont infections ca shape spatial variation in their host evolutionary genetics during postglacial expansion. These results also challenge population genetic studies that do not consider the prevalence of symbionts in many insects, which can impact geographic patterns of mitochondrial genetic diversity.
Increased Colonic Expression of ACE2 Associates with Poor Prognosis in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Toyonaga Takahiko , Araba Kenza , Kennedy Meaghan , Keith Benjamin , Wolber Elisabeth , Beasley Caroline , Steinbach Erin , Schaner Matthew , Jain Animesh , Long Millie , Barnes Edward , Herfarth Hans , Isaacs Kim , Hansen Jonathan , Kapadia Muneera , Guillem Jose , Gulati Ajay , Sethupathy Praveen , Furey Terrence , Ehre Camille , Sheikh Shehzad
Published: February 2021

Background and Aims: The host receptor for SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is highly expressed in small intestine. Our aim was to study colonic ACE2 expression in Crohn's disease (CD) and non-inflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) controls. We hypothesized that the colonic expression levels of ACE2 impacts CD course. Methods: We examined the expression of colon ACE2 using RNA-seq and quantitative (q) RT-PCR from 69 adult CD and 14 NIBD control patients. In a subset of this cohort we validated ACE2 protein expression and localization in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded matched colon and ileal tissues using immunohistochemistry. The impact of increased ACE2 expression in CD for the risk of surgery was evaluated by a multivariate regression analysis and a Kaplan-Meier estimator. To provide critical support for the generality of our findings, we analyzed previously published RNA-seq data from two large independent cohorts of CD patients. Results: Colonic ACE2 expression was significantly higher in a subset of adult CD patients (ACE2-high CD). IHC in a sampling of ACE2-high CD patients confirmed high ACE2 protein expression in the colon and ileum compared to ACE2-low CD and NIBD patients. Notably, we found that ACE2-high CD patients are significantly more likely to undergo surgery within 5 years of diagnosis, with a Cox regression analysis finding that high ACE2 levels is an independent risk factor (OR 2.18; 95%CI, 1.05-4.55; p=0.037). Conclusion: Increased intestinal expression of ACE2 is associated with deteriorated clinical outcomes in CD patients. These data point to the need for molecular stratification that may impact CD disease-related outcomes.
Spatiotemporal Changes in Diffusivity and Anisotropy in Fetal Brain Tractography
Authors: Machado-Rivas Fedel , Afacan Onur , Khan Shadab , Marami Bahram , Velasco-Annis Clemente , Lidov Hart , Warfield Simon , Gholipour Ali , Jaimes Camilo
Published: February 2021

Population averaged diffusion atlases can be utilized to characterize complex microstructural changes with less bias than data from individual subjects. In this study, a fetal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) atlas was used to investigate tract-based changes in anisotropy and diffusivity in vivo from 23 to 38 weeks of gestational age (GA). Healthy pregnant volunteers with typically developing fetuses were imaged at 3 Tesla. Acquisition included structural images processed with a super-resolution algorithm and DTI images processed with a motion-tracked slice-to-volume registration algorithm. The DTI from individual subjects were used to generate 16 templates, each specific to a week of GA; this was accomplished by means of a tensor-to-tensor diffeomorphic deformable registration method integrated with kernel regression in age. Deterministic tractography was performed to outline the forceps major, forceps minor, bilateral corticospinal tracts (CST), bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), and bilateral uncinate fasciculus (UF). The mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) was recorded for all tracts. For a subset of tracts (forceps major, CST and IFOF) we manually divided the tractograms into anatomy conforming segments to evaluate within-tract changes. We found tract-specific, non-linear, age related changes in FA and MD. Early in gestation, these trends appear to be dominated by cytoarchitectonic changes in the transient white matter fetal zones while later in gestation, trends conforming to the progression of myelination were observed. We also observed significant (local) heterogeneity in within-tract developmental trajectories for the CST, IFOF, and forceps major.
Identification of Small Compounds Regulating the Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles via A TIM4-Affinity ELISA
Authors: Ma Yunfei , Yoshida Takeshi , Matoba Kazutaka , Kida Katsuhiko , Shintani Rito , Piao Yingshi , Jin Jingchun , Nishino Taito , Hanayama Rikinari
Published: February 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from most cells and play important roles in cell-cell communication by transporting proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. As the involvement of EVs in diseases has become apparent, druggable regulators of EV secretion are more desirable. However, the lack of a highly sensitive EV detection system has made the development of EV regulators difficult. We developed an ELISA system to detect EVs using TIM4 proteins, which have high affinity to phosphatidylserine and screened a 1,567-compound library. Consequently, we identified one inhibitor and three activators of EV secretion in a variety of cells. The inhibitor, apoptosis activator 2, suppressed EV secretion via a different mechanism and had a broader cellular specificity than GW4869. The three activators, cucurbitacin B, gossypol, and obatoclax, also had broad cellular specificity, including HEK293T cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In vitro bioactivity assays revealed that some regulators control EV secretion from glioblastoma and hMSCs, which induces angiogenesis and protects cardiomyocytes against apoptosis, respectively. In conclusion, we developed a high-throughput method to detect EVs with high sensitivity and versatility, and identified three compounds that can regulate the bioactivity of EVs.
Simulation of Gas Transport in A Landfill With Layered New and Old Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Zhang Tao , Shi Jianyong , Wu Xun , Lin Hai , Li Xiulei
Published: February 2021

Average biodegradation rate of newly filled municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills is relatively fast, and the landfill gas produced by the new MSW biodegradation can cause great variations in gas pressure. To predict the gas pressure distribution in the MSW layer, a one-dimensional gas transport model is established in this study. The following factors are considered in this model: (1) the variation of gas permeability with depth; (2) the anisotropy ratio of gas permeability; (3) the settlement caused by waste biodegradation. Furthermore, a single peak model for gas production is applied as the source term of gas production. The equation for settlement caused by waste biodegradation is presented, and the time of peak gas production rate is obtained by fitting the settlement of the newly filled layer. The stratification of the unsaturated and saturated regions is taken into account by distinguishing the difference in gas saturation. The layering of the new and old waste layers is considered by distinguishing the difference in the length of time that waste has been degraded to produce gas. Based on the method of numerical calculation, the gas pressure distribution in the landfill with layered new and old MSW is well simulated. The position where the maximum gas pressure occurs is found. The sensitivity analysis shows that the influence of the anisotropy ratio on gas pressure distribution is more significant.
Psychosocial Factors Related to Physical Activity in Frail and Prefrail Elderly People.
Authors: Jiménez-Zazo Fabio , Navarrete-Villanueva David , Gómez-Cabello Alba , Romero-Blanco Cristina , Cabanillas Esther , Pérez-Gómez Jorge , Calonge-Pascual Sergio , Ara Ignacio , Vicente-Rodríguez Germán , Aznar Susana
Published: February 2021

Background

Increased physical activity (PA) is a very important factor in a healthy aging lifestyle. Psychosocial factors have also a main role in the initiation and maintenance of this behavior, but nowadays its implications for frailty elderly people are unknown, therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the psychosociological variables of behavior change that influence the practice of (PA) in frail and prefrail elderly.
Methods

A total of 103 frail and pre-frail elderly people (72 females) participated in this cross-sectional study, on the framework of the EXERNET-Elder3.0 project. Age ranged from 68–94 years (mean = 80.4 ± 5.9 years). Individualized face-to-face interviews according to the constructs of the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM) [(decisional balance (DB) and self-efficacy (SE)], social support (SS) (family and friends) and outcome expectations (OE) were administered to all participants.
Results

Significant differences were found in DB, perceived benefits (PBn), SE, family-related SS and OE as a function of stages of change (SoC) (p < 0.005), but no significant were found in perceived barriers (PBrr) (p = 0.259) and friends-related SS (p = 0.068). According to the Scheffé post-hoc test, those in advanced SoC (Action-Maintenance), scored higher than those in lower SoC (Precontemplation-Contemplation and Preparation).
Conclusion

The scores obtained from the study variables differed according to the SoC, supporting the external validity for the use of the TTM in frailty elderly. Further research is needed to determine the impact of PBrr and friends-related SS on this people, as well as to identify the validity of this model in the long-term in this population.