bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GLOBAL WARMING - PHYSICS AND GEOPOLITICS (Review). 2. Policies to mitigate the negative impact of climate change and adapt to it
Authors: Basok B.I. , Baseyev Ye.T. , Kurayeva I.V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Reducing the negative impact of global warming and adapting to its devastating effects is an urgent global problem. Its decision is actively taken care of by politicians, leading world organizations and the expert community.

Problems. Political, financial and economic, innovative, scientific and technical approaches and measures to reduce and / or neutralize climate change are widely discussed. World organizations - IPCC, IEA, WMO, IMF, etc. - are involved in solving the problems.

Purpose. Assess the state of the problem, present the results of research and measures and tools for their implementation to reduce the greenhouse effect and / or adapt to its negative impact.

Materials and methods. Authoritative literature sources with analysis of approaches, measures and tools to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including the diversification of the fuel and energy balance of world energy resources, were used. Possibilities of adaptation to climate change are considered.

Results. The main approaches and mechanisms of man-caused nature to actually reduce greenhouse gas emissions and global temperature in the 20th century are identified and their estimates for the period up to 2050 are given. The crucial role of RES and energy efficiency in the use of energy resources has been confirmed.

Conclusions. It is likely that by the middle of the 20th century the world economy can be brought to a state of low-carbon development primarily through the use of renewable energy, energy efficiency, diversification of primary energy resources and their decarbonization, which will significantly reduce annual emissions of 10 carbon .
Analisis Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Kurikulum 2013 Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Zulaikhah Dinda , Sirojuddin Akhmad , Aprilianto Andika
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the 2013 curriculum on educational materials especially for children with special needs. The method used in this research is literature study by analyzing the results of previous research and elaborating in content analysis. The result of this research is the need for a special curriculum for Islamic religious education material for special school children. It needs material simplification and a simple evaluation because not all special school children are able to evaluate according to general material. Teachers need patience in carrying out the learning process and also need to master various methods so that children don't get bored.
Hubungan Antara Kepemimpinan Dengan Kinerja Pustakawan di Taman Baca Masyarakat Kecamatan Gubeng Surabaya
Authors: Wijayanti Siti Anis
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between leadership and librarian performance. The population in this study were all staff / librarians from all Gubeng sub-districts, consisting of 27 people from 26 Community Reading Gardens and 26 Schools in Gubeng District. The results of the data analysis show that there is a positive and significant relationship between leadership and librarian performance with the results of t count greater than t table (2.2651> 2.101).
Stock Market Behavior after Large Price Changes and Winner-Loser Effect
Authors: Rasheed Muhammad Shahid , Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah  , Muhammad Fayyaz Sheikh
Published: June 2021

This study examines the behavior of stock prices following large price changes. It also examines the presence of disposition prone investors and effect of size on stock returns. The study uses daily prices data from Pakistan Stock Exchange (Formerly, Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE)) for the period of January 2001 to July 2012.  Our findings suggest that winners perform better than losers after experiencing large price shocks thus showing a momentum behavior. This also suggests that most of the investors in KSE behave rationally and we do not find any evidence of disposition effect in KSE. Further, pooled regression estimates show that size is positively related to post-event abnormal returns. The fixed effect model shows the presence of unobservable firm-specific and time specific effects that account for price continuation.
THE The Comparison of Farmer's Gender in Financial Literacy
Authors: Safitri Karin Amelia
Published: June 2021

This study has a purpose is to examine differences between male and female farmers in the financial literacy index. The data used are primary data taken directly from the field through questionnaires. It is constructed according to three indicators of financial literacy concept namely financial behaviour, financial knowledge and financial attitude. The analytical method applied to see differences in financial literacy between gender groups is to use a non-parametric test, namely the Wilcoxon test. The finding of Wilcoxon test showed that the difference in the level of financial literacy between male and female farmers is not statistically significant. In addition, from the deeper analysis of survey data discovered female farmers seem to have financial knowledge and good behaviour in finance more than male. On the other hand, male farmers are quite better in financial attitude than female.
Environmental Turbulence Capability Sparks Firm Performance by Embracing Business Model Transformation: An Empirical Study on the Internet Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Librita Arifiani  , Harjanto Prabowo  , Asnan Furinto  , Wibowo Kosasih
Published: June 2021

This study assesses solutions to several questions regarding the effect of Environmental Turbulence on Firm Performance directly and indirectly through Business Model Transformation on Internet Service Provider Companies in Indonesia. The research approach used is an explanatory survey, verification research with a quantitative approach by measuring a sample of variables built on the population's constructs representing 239 companies. The author finds that novelty B.M. transformation design is significantly related to what factors drive the business transformation. Although, this study also finds that BMT positively mediates the relationship between environmental turbulence to influence performance. Environmental turbulence alone is no longer adequate, and organizations need to revamp the B.M. to achieve firm performance. This study also contributed to the movement of research trends targeted at B.M. Transformation. This study provides an appropriate riposte for quantitative empirical studies that elucidate the correlation between BMT on company performance by simultaneously embracing and managing environmental turbulence. The relationship between BMT and the factors that support it will be higher comprehend when contextualized. The author locates different designs and impacts of BMT on business transformation results that culminate in firm business performance since it faces an uncertain business environment that grows dynamically. Although this novelty is important, the authors found no support for effectiveness. However, this study highlights the robustness of the important factors that drive BMT to work effectively to improve business performance.
BRI: A Marvel of Economic Diplomacy for China and Pakistan
Authors: Sabeen Azam
Published: June 2021

The continent of Asia is of vital importance as overall 40 countries, with two densely populated countries India and China are been in it. In this region China and Pakistan share mutual friendly relations. The revival of the ancient silk road, reckoned to established cross-continental communication and trade infrastructure, which offer China with an unprecedented Geopolitical advantage in the future. China has utilized capitalist ambition for its emergence as the new superpower and requires further consolidation of global capital to sustain its status. The (BRI) Belt and Road Initiative of China, is estimated USD 8 trillion involving 70 countries which combined represent 60% of the world population and 40% off the global GDP, which offers tremendous prospects for global growth. The intervention of globalization has though blurred cultural, socio-economic and political norms and divides eventually reshaping their distinct peculiarities around the world. These changes have also reorganized the Geostrategic configurations through borderless transactions coupled with Economic Diplomacy. This article argues that now China’s cultural and Economic Diplomacy could play a pivotal role in mobilizing countries, especially Pakistan circumventing conspiracy theorism vis a vis protecting its assets and investments. And the economic supremacy tactics been carried by China.
Executing Strategic Risks Mitigation Plan Amidst VUCA Situation: A Lesson from COVID-19
Authors: Helen Tan Sui Hong  , Bello Kamarudeen B. , Mohamad Shahrin bin
Published: June 2021

This study focuses on how higher education institutions, or HEIs, may respond to future strategic risks of an unprecedented magnitude. As the business world grapples with the impact of the pandemic on the corporate strategies, so are the HEIs. The management of strategic risks tends to be viewed as ‘managing risk strategically’ and thus, they are often overlooked despite being found to be far more consequential than other traditional risks.  Therefore, incorporating tactics to manage VUCA, which refers to volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity is timely and necessary in the new norm.  The findings reveal that the seven basic steps required in developing a strategic risk mitigation plan (SRMP) namely: identify the risks, determine strategic risk triggers, describe the strategic risk (and where it is likely to strike), develop strategic risk mitigation plan, discuss strategic concerns, perform risk analysis and create the strategic risk map or scorecard.  The pandemic experience shows that these seven basic steps can be narrowed into four broad categories of risk identification, risk analysis, risk assessment and taking appropriate corrective actions. The study also recommends a rigorous analysis of strategic factors related to the basis of strategies amidst challenging VUCA situations such as Covid-19.
A Survey on the Needs of Research on Developing Employability Skills Model for Special Education Needs Students with Learning Disabilities in Vocational Stream towards Meeting the Industry Needs
Authors: Izam Saslizawati , Azman Hasan
Published: June 2021

The unemployment issue among Special Education Needs Students with Learning Disabilities (SENSwLD) is getting worse in Malaysia. This study was conducted to identify the level of marketability SENSwLD who are Sekolah Menengah Pendidikan Khas Vokasional (SMPKV) leaver throughout Malaysia and to survey on a needs of developing the employability skills model of (SENSwLD) in vocational stream towards meeting the needs of the industry. The result show that the marketability of SENSwLD of SMPKV leaver is at a low level and they need the development of employability skills model for SENSwLD in vocational stream towards meeting the needs of industry.
Income Tax Installment Incentive Article 25 "Not Attractive for Entrepreneurs?"
Authors: Zulhaimi Hanifa , Adi Prawira Ida Farida
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decline in economic growth and tax receipts. To overcome this, the government has implemented a policy by provided provision of tax installment incentives on pph article 25. However, the absorption incentive is not in line with the government's expectations. This study analyzes the factors that cause the low absorption of tax installment incentives article 25. This research is qualitative study with an interpretive paradigm with phenomenological method. The research data comes from literature review, news and survey results of business people and the general public as taxpayers. The research find there are several factors that cause the utilization of the article 25 income tax incentive did not reach the target, namely: Economic conditions are still weak, level of beneficiary taxpayers is still low, socialization by the government has not been maximized, incentive schemes are not suitable for business sectors, slowness of the rules or guidelines for the implementation of the policies at the beginning of the insetif enforcement period, policies have not been driven by ease of processing requirements, lack of public understanding of the incentive delivery mechanism, time span is too close between the issuance of policies and the enactment of policies.
THE FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER WITH THERMAL RADIATION AT A GENERAL STAGNATION POINT IN NANOFLUID UNDER MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT
Authors: KAMAL MOHAMAD HIDAYAD BIN AHMAD , RAWI NORAIHAN AFIQAH , ALI ANATI AHMAD , SHAFIE SHARIDAN AHMAD
Published: June 2021

The fundamental research near a boundary layer nanofluid flow at a stagnation point region with thermal radiation effect is conducted under microgravity environment. The mathematical formulation is modified from physical law to represent the physical characteristic of the flow and the system of the equation are solved numerically using Keller box method. The flow is analyzed in terms of physical quantities of principal interest such as skin friction and Nusset number. Parameters consider in this flow such as curvature ratio, amplitude of modulation, frequency of oscillation, nanoparticles volume friction and thermal radiation is analyzed numerically and presented graphically. From the analysis, g-jitter effect will produce a fluctuating result to the skin frictions and Nusset number indicate the singularity solution in the flow. The existing of nanoparticles and thermal radiation is found to increase the rate of heat transfer of the flow.
Computational Power of Static Watson-Crick Context-free Grammars
Authors: Fong Wan Heng , Abdul Rahman Aqilahfarhana , Sarmin Nor Haniza , Turaev Sherzod
Published: June 2021

Sticker system is a computer model which is coded with single and double-stranded molecules of DNA; meanwhile, Watson-Crick automata is the automata counterpart of the sticker system representing the biological properties of DNA. Both are the modelings of DNA molecules in DNA computing which use the feature of Watson-Crick complementarity. Formerly, Watson-Crick grammars which are classified into three classes have been introduced [1]. In this research, a grammar counterpart of sticker systems that uses the rule as in context-free grammar is introduced, known as a static Watson-Crick context-free grammar. The research finding on the computational power of these grammar shows that the family of context-free languages is strictly included in the family of static Watson-Crick context-free languages; the          static Watson-Crick context-free grammars can generate non context-free languages; the family of Watson-Crick context-free languages is included in the family of static Watson-Crick context-free languages which are presented in terms of their hierarchy.
RISK IN REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT; A PERCEPTION OF DEVELOPERS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Jagun Zainab toyin , Daud Dzurllkanian Bin
Published: June 2021

Real estate development usually involves a multi-step process that can be complex, long-lasting and uncertain, it generally takes years to bring a development from the early planning phase through construction to final completion and there are profuse of problems that can follow alongside the developers are however the managers of this activities and take the highest risk in the creation or renovation of real estate development. Data was collected amongst 120 property development firm in  Abuja through self-administered questionnaire and was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that fluctuation in construction cost, rent fall reflecting possible depression in the market and interest rate capital being competitive are the highest risk factors that have the most significant effect on real estate development. It is recommended that the government should assist in the regulation of policy to assist development with financial support to boost the sectors.

 

Keywords: Development; Real Estate; Risk; Property developer.
TISSUE EQUIVALENT MATERIALS FROM SPC-SPI/NAOH/IA-PAE BONDED MANGROVE WOOD CHARACTERIZED FOR RADIATION THERAPY DOSIMETRY
Authors: Samson Damilola , Shukri Ahmad , Mat Jafri Mohd Zubir , Hashim Rokiah , Abdul Aziz Mohd Zahri , Mohd Yusof Mohd Fahmi
Published: June 2021

This research focuses on dosimetric measurements in bio-based tissue equivalent phantom materials, designed using soy protein concentrate (SPC), soy protein isolate (SPI), Rhizophora spp. wood, sodium hydroxide, and itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin with an ionization chamber and GafchromicTH EBT3 film dosimeters. The measurements were performed under exposure to 6 MV and 10 MV photon, and 6 MeV and 15 MeV electron beams. The particleboard samples were exposed to a dose of 100 cGy and 10 x 10 cm2 field size at a source-to-surface distance of 100 cm. The dosimeters were irradiated at measurement depths of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.0 cm, respectively, inside the phantom slabs. The particleboards presented superior physical and mechanical properties. The dose measurements revealed excellent agreement with that of water and solid water phantoms. In addition, comparison between the measured dosimetric properties is well within 2%, 2%, 10% and 5.5% for 6 MV, 6 MeV, 10 MV and 15 MeV energies of the maximum dose for the field size tested. This study had successfully shown that SPC-SPI/NaOH/IA-PAE bonded Rhizophora spp. particleboards are promising tissue equivalent phantom materials with merit for medical applications.
A Review on Golden Species of Zingiberaceae Family Genus Curcuma
Authors: Abdul Mubasher Furmuly  , Azemi Najiba
Published: June 2021

The genus Curcuma pertains to the Zingiberaceae family and consists of 70-80 species of perennial rhizomatous herbs. This genus originates in the Indo-Malayan region and it is broadly spread all over the world across tropical and subtropical areas. This study aims to provide more information about morphological features, biological activities, and phytochemicals of genus Curcuma for further advanced research. Because of its use in the medicinal and food industries, Curcuma is an extremely important economic genus. Curcuma species rhizomes are the source of a yellow dye and have traditionally been utilized as spices and food preservatives, as a garnishing agent, and also utilized for the treatment of various illnesses because of the chemical substances found in them. Furthermore, Because of the discovery of new bioactive substances with a broad range of bioactivities, including antioxidants, antivirals, antimicrobials and anti-inflammatory activities, interest in their medicinal properties has increased. Lack of information concerning morphological, phytochemicals, and biological activities is the biggest problem that the researcher encountered. This review recommended that collecting information concerning the Curcuma genus may be providing more opportunities for further advanced studies lead to avoid wasting time and use this information for further research on bioactive compounds which are beneficial in medicinal purposes.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ON BIOMASS UTILIZATION FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Naqvi Salman Raza
Published: June 2021

Pakistan is facing an undersupply of electricity, causing load shedding several hours per day due to the adherence to conventional energy resources having socioeconomic and environmental limitations. This study presents a critical analysis of the present energy sector of Pakistan and recent developments towards bioenergy production from renewable resources. This study also provides insight into the potential of lignocellulose biomass resources to generate electricity for the national grid on a larger scale. It concludes that biomass is the promising source of sustainable, available, implementable and environment-friendly resource of bioenergy production in Pakistan.
Green Revolution: An Innovation for Environmental Pollution in Changing Climate of World
Authors: Kabir Muhammad , Um e Habiba  , Muhammad Shafiq
Published: June 2021

Urbanization, agriculture, industrial work and greenhouse effect are the leading causes of the climatic changes all over the world. The impacts of climatic change include losses of biodiversity, rise of sea level, shifts in weather pattern, changes in fresh water supply and an increase in harsh / extreme weather conditions such as floods and droughts as well as glaciers melting and various health impacts on living organisms. It is a key concern that has been impacting human health, plants as well as animals. The concept of green revolution is based on plantation activities, increasing aforestation, decreasing deforestation, overgrazing etc. and such processes enable to protect and benefit the economy, habitat, people and planet. Plants use CO2 and other toxic materials which can persist in the environment. The findings of this study showed that plantation activities should be considered on large scale for monitoring of environmental quality. As plants act as natural lungs of Universe and release oxygen providing good quality of air. In order to mitigate problems regarding climatic changes, we need to minimize the different types of environmental pollutants and to maximize the plantation activities to overcome the climatic changes all over the world.
A Review on Parameters of Internet Gateway Discovery in MANETS
Authors: Husna Osman  , Mufind Mukaz Ebedon  , Amna Saad
Published: June 2021

The input parameters are very crucial in simulation tools for the analysis of data after the implementation. Authors in Mobile ad hoc Networks and particularly in Internet gateway discovery, face some challenges on how to decide on the choice of specific parameters. A wrong choice of input parameters could lead to a doubtful result by other researchers. A best practice is to follow what other authors are using as input parameters in their paper. This review analyses 72 proceeding papers and articles in different digital libraries: google scholar, IEEE Xplore, Elsevier, Springer, and snowball from 2010-2020. We present the result of our survey in this paper. We recommend the input parameters research should use base on the high utilisation as reference. Our review will help the community in MANET and Internet gateway to improve the credibility of the input parameters.
HÂDİYE ÖTÜGEN’İN TIRNAK KEMENÇE TAKSİMLERİ: İCRÂ VE ÜSLÛP ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇAKMAKOĞLU Beril
Published: June 2021

Hâdiye Ötügen, 20. yüzyılda yaşamış önemli kadın tırnak kemençe icrâcılarındandır. Ötügen, yaşadığı yıllar boyunca özellikle TRT kurumu radyo programlarında tırnak kemençe ve viyolonsel çalgılarıyla birçok programda yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada Ötügen’in radyo programlarında icrâ ettiği tırnak kemençe taksimlerinin analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, analiz yoluyla elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda icrâcının taksim türü çerçevesinde sergilediği yaratma davranışlarının açıklanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın evreni, Ötügen’in tırnak kemençe taksimleri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde öncelikle icrâcının tırnak kemençe taksimleri notaya alınmıştır. Taksimler biçim ve içerik yönünden analiz edilerek icrâ üslûbu ile ilgili verilere ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ezgiler cümle ve cümleciklere ayrılarak analiz edilmiştir. Taksimlerde karşılaştığımız; tartım, kalıp müzik ifadesi ve ezgi yapılanmalarının özgünlüğü ayrıca geleneğe bağlı olup olmadığı, süsleme tekniklerinin kullanım özellikleri gibi veriler değerlendirilerek, bazı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, tartım, kalıp müzik ifadesi ve ezgi yapılanmalarının Ötügen’in taksim icrâsı bağlamında geleneği başarı ile temsil ettiği ve kendine özgü üslûbu ile tırnak kemençe icra geleneğinde önemli bir yere sahip olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Hâdiye Ötügen’in tırnak kemençe icrâsı ile ilgili daha önce herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamış olması nedeniyle, bu çalışmanın alana katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
HALK MÜZİĞİNİN AKTARIMINDA KAYNAK KİŞİLERDEN FAYDALANMA: MUSA EROĞLU ve KAYNAKLIK ETTİĞİ TÜRKÜLER ÜZERİNE BİR ANLATI ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: GEREKTEN Sami Emrah
Published: June 2021

Halk müziği geleneğinin aktarımı, üstatlık kültürü çerçevesinde bu kültürün taşıyıcılığını üstlenen ve icracılık, bestecilik ve söz yazarlığı gibi yetkinlik alanlarını kendi edebi-müzikal kimliklerinde birleştiren ustalar ile onların çıraklarının arasında şekillenen öğretim süreçleri ile sağlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, gelişen teknolojik imkanları ve iletişim olanaklarını kullanarak yaşayan üstatlardan onlar yaşamakta iken, bahsi geçen öğretim süreçlerinde işe koşulabilecek kişisel tanıklıklarına dayanan tarihsel anekdotları, verileri ve görüşleri elde etme düşüncesi değer kazanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu araştırma, çoğu zaman kaynak kişi olarak eserlerin doğrudan üreticisi konumunda olan üstatlardan birincil veri kaynağı olarak istifade edebilmeyi örneklemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türk Halk Müziğinde üstatlık mertebesine ulaşmış olan Musa Eroğlu’nun, bestecilik, icracılık ve öğreticilik gibi çok yönlü müzikal kimliği ekseninde geleneğin aktarımına sunduğu katkılar onu çalışmanın konusu haline getirmiştir. Musa Eroğlu ile onun repertuvarda kaynaklık ettiği türküleri odak noktasına alan araştırma, nitel bir çalışmadır ve bir anlatı araştırması denemesidir. Yarı yapılandırılmış sorulara dayanan görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilen verilerin içerik analizine tabi tutulmasının ardından her bir türkü özelinde oluşturulan temalar okuyucuya sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, örneklem türküler çerçevesinde; Eroğlu'nun kaynak kişilik tecrübelerine, tamamlayıcı derleme bilgilerine, günümüz öğretim süreçlerinde dolaylı ya da doğrudan işe koşulabileceği düşünülen ayrıntılara ve halk müziğinde üretim döngüsü bağlamında yeni eserlerin ortaya konma şekline dair ipuçlarına erişilmiştir.
MANDOLİNİN TARİHSEL GELİŞİM DÖNEMLERİ
Authors: AKTÜRK Zhanna , YILDIZ Gökay
Published: June 2021

Mandolin, uzun bir geçmişe sahip, dünyanın birçok bölgesinde yaygın biçimde kullanılan bir çalgıdır. Mandolinin kendine özgü bir sesi ve tınısının olması onun birçok müzik türünde kullanılmasını ve pratik olması amatör müzisyenler tarafından ilgi görmesini sağlamıştır. Mandolin aynı zamanda profesyonel bir performans çalgısı olarak birçok ülkenin farklı kademe eğitim kurumlarında yer almaktadır. Türkiye’de ise bir dönem müzik eğitiminde okul çalgısı olarak kullanılmış ama daha sonra gözden düşmüş, kullanımı giderek azalmıştır. Okul çalgısı olarak algılandığından çalgının performans boyutu gerilemiş buna paralel olarak zengin repertuarı ve performans tarihi ile ilgili bilgiler yetersiz kalmıştır. Bu nitel araştırma kaynak tarama ve doküman analizi / incelemesi yöntemleri kullanılarak bu boşluğu doldurmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada daha çok yabancı kaynaklar kullanılarak mandolin tarihi analiz edilmekte, performans çalgısı olarak müzik kültürlerindeki rolü göz önünde bulundurulup çalgının çeşitli müzik eğitimi seviyelerinde kullanımı araştırılmaktadır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi ve yorumlanması betimsel yöntem kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre mandolin tarihi birkaç önemli döneme ayrılmakta ve her dönemin özellikleri belirlenmektedir. Mandolin tarihinde yer alan dönemlerin her biri, farklı bir repertuar ve farklı mandolin tekniklerinin kullanılmasıyla karakterize edilmektedir.
Fixation of evidence in the course of proving
Authors: Zakharko Andriy
Published: June 2021

The article deals with criminal procedural regulation of the powers of the parties to criminal proceedings, the investigating judge, the court to consolidate evidence in the evidentiary process. Criminal procedural scientific and methodological sources, textbooks are analyzed to clarify the essence of the construction of "consolidation of evidence". The position of scientists on the coverage of the "consolidation of evidence" activities related to the adaptation of traces of the crime and other facts to use in evidence hsd been supported. The competence of different subjects of evidence at the stages of pre-trial investigation and trial to consolidate evidence in criminal proceedings is differentiated. It is proved that the consolidation of evidence is carried out mainly at the stage of pre-trial investigation by the parties during the collection of evidence and by the investigating judge during the control court proceedings. In addition, in exceptional cases, the consolidation of evidence may be carried out by a judge (court) when collecting evidence during the trial. The attention has been paid to the relevance of qualitative regulation of the use of computer data in the collection (consolidation) of evidence. Electronic data placed on flash media should be referred to as "computer data". The factual data contained in this computer data, by their procedural nature, act as evi-dence, and the computer data itself - the procedural source of evidence. Namely - a document, because the document in accordance with Art. 84, 99 of the CPC of Ukraine is one of the types of procedural sources of evidence. The author has argued that the need to assign "computer data" to a separate type of evidence (they supplement Part 2 of Article 84 of the CPC of Ukraine) stems from the peculiarities of fixing computer data during their collection and due to the specifics of computer data, ease their modification and destruction, the difficulty of ensuring their authentication (creating appropriate conditions to allow further verification of their authenticity). The construction of "consolidation of evidence", in particular, should cover special criminal procedural rules and the procedure for converting computer data into a written form of existence, suitable for direct human perception and preservation for further use in evidence with the obligatory observance of the condition – creation of possibility of repeated authentication of such data.
War crime in the conditions of the Joint Forces Operation: a criminological description
Authors: Krychun Yuriy
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of war crime and analysis of its forensic characteristics. The study analyzed the concepts of crime, war crime and the probable reasons for their commission. It is determined that military service is an extremely important type of activity, as it is designed to ensure state security and protection of the state border of Ukraine. The main military formation in Ukraine is the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the procedure of which is determined by the relevant legislation, according to which the Armed Forces is an independent state and legal institution, a reflection of modern Ukrainian society, but with its specific demographic, organizational, social, psychological and legal features. It is established that any crime is a negative social phenomenon that poses a threat to both society and the state. The social danger of each crime is manifested in the task or the creation of the danger of causing significant harm to public relations: the interests of the individual, society, state, which are protected by criminal law. But in war crimes behind these relations are the interests of a higher order – the military security of the state: the state of combat capability of the Armed Forces, other military formations, the ability to perform tasks set by the state, and ultimately protect the country from possible military aggression. Any crime against military service undermines the combat capability of military units, as a consequence, causes significant damage to the combat capability of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and, ultimately, to the military security of the state. Thus, the social danger of war crimes finds its expression in the task or in the creation of a threat of significant damage to the interests of military security of the state in the field of its defense and, therefore, is characterized by an increased degree of public danger. For Ukraine, in terms of the Operation joint forces, war crimes are extremely negative, as these are the factors that undermine combat readiness, military discipline and legal consciousness of the servicemen, creates the conditions for the loss of military personnel, military property, and therefore requires the authorities to use all necessary resources to fight and prevent the Commission of war crimes. Thus, the data on the person that has committed war crimes, as an element of criminalistic characteristics are of fundamental importance because they are a solid information base, which later during the establishment of corresponding co-dependent relationships will determine the other unknown elements of criminalistic characteristics.
Role and place of legal education in the professional activities of investigators
Authors: Pavlova Nataliya
Published: June 2021

The article notes that since 2015, the number of opponents has increased, who from time to time question the feasibility of the existence of departmental universities in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The most active discussions took place around obtaining legal education in departmental universities. Regulations, draft concepts and laws, opinions of scientists on the priority of granting the right to higher legal education are covered: only to higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine or also to higher educational institutions with specific training conditions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It is noted that the issue of the need to obtain higher legal education in the specialty 081 "Law" for investigators is acute. High quality of legal education is one of the integral signs of competence of such persons, and when this quality is combined with the formation of professional skills on the basis of higher education with specific conditions of legal education, you can get a high-quality professional lawyer who can act even in extreme conditions and make legally correct decisions. This is especially true of police investigators, who, when making procedural decisions, must know a number of branches of law, in particular: criminal, criminal procedural, administrative, civil, etc. In the case of the specifics of the activity, there is often a need for knowledge of banking, housing, finance, tax, labor and other branches of law. At the same time, the task of the future investigator is not only to get acquainted with the content of legal norms, but also to be able to apply them in different legal situations, while professionally responding to legal conflicts that often arise, as well as apply the case law of the Supreme Court of Ukraine. human rights. This cannot be achieved in six months on the basis of the primary training center and the Police Academy. Based on the analysis of the investigator's competencies and consideration of his functional re-sponsibilities, the need for legal education for representatives of pre-trial investigation bodies is substan-tiated.
GROWTH MODELS IN MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS - RESOURCE OR DENSITY DEPENDENCE?
Authors: Harmand Jérôme
Published: June 2021

This paper aims at discussing the two main modeling schemes that are used to describe dynamically the growth of microbial ecosystems, that are resource and density-dependent growth functions, respectively. Monod has been the first to hypothesize that this growth is, before all, an increasing saturated function of the main limiting substrate concentration. Contois assumed that the growth is not only a function of the substrate but also of the biomass density-itself, and thus the name « density-dependent ». In re examining their respective experiments (species used, conditions of experiments, mode of reactor functioning, measurement techniques), we try to understand the engines for a density-dependent phenomenon to appear. In particular, we refer to recent experiments where it was shown that density-dependent appeared as soon as the biomass structures into flocs or in the presence of filamentous bacteria even at relatively low concentrations. Based on this historical review of data, it is shown that density-dependent kinetics is not systematically a question of biomass density but rather related to its structure within the medium and to the mobility of microbial cells.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CROP ROTATION
Authors: Sadovski Alexander
Published: June 2021

Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world. These changes will undoubtedly lead to a reconsideration of the question of the necessary crop rotations on the territory of the individual continents and sub-regions. Many researchers have conducted field experiments with different crop rotations on several soil types and have received determined results, but still lack concrete unified numerical estimates of the influence of different crops in them. This article presents several new developments of the problem in crop rotation. Different approaches to assessing the influences of predecessors are illustrated. Therefore, it is necessary to apply advanced mathematical-statistical methods and models for obtaining more precise estimates. The application of asymmetry analysis and Procrustes analysis in the evaluation of different crop rotations are given in details. Some results about favorable and unfavorable rotation pairs are given.
Parametric study of I-shaped shear connectors with different orientations in push-out test
Authors: Farid Boursas , Boutagouga Djamel
Published: June 2021

A great deal of research has been conducted to improve the understanding of the behavior of new types of shear connectors. This article presents the study of I-shaped connectors behavior under monotonic load welded in four different orientations in order to get the position which gives the high shear strength and the best ductility. For this purpose, eight push-out test specimens with I-shaped shear connectors with different orientations and dimensions were tested in C20/25 and C30/37 concrete classes. The load-slip behavior and failure modes of the tested connectors are presented and discussed. Furthermore, a non-linear 3D finite element modelling of the push-out test is performed in order to further investigate the influencing parameters on the I-shaped connectors behavior. Hence, a parametric study is carried out by using the established 3D finite elements model to study the influence of concrete strength, connector’s steel grade, reinforcements, height and length of the connector. Both experimental and numerical results show that there is a privilege orientation for which the shear strength of an I-shaped shear connector is significantly higher than that of all other tested orientations.
Optimization of High-Performance-Concrete properties containing fine recycled aggregates using mixture design modeling
Authors: Boudina Tounsia , Benamara Dalila , Zaitri Rebih
Published: June 2021

This investigation means to predict and modeling the fresh and hardened concrete behavior containing fine aggregates from concrete and brick wastes, for different recycled aggregates substitution rates. To succeed this, the design of experiments DOE method was used. It is observed that slump of recycled concrete is significantly influenced by the content in recycled concrete aggregates (RCA), natural sand (NS) and recycled brick aggregates (RBA), respectively.The compressive strength (CS) reaches a maximum value of 83.48 MPa with factors values of 25% RBA, and 75% RCA. And HPC’s based on RBA sand presented greater values of flexural strength at 7 days than HPC’s based on RCA sand, it was revealed that this is due to the RBA fines pozzolanic reaction and the production of new CSHs, which leads to better cement matrix densification.Under optimal conditions, themaximum desirability is 0.65, who has given HPC no added natural sand, by mixing recycled sands RBA (9.5%) with RCA (90.5%).The statistical terms result show that the expected models are very well correlated with the experimental data and have shown good accuracy.
Dynamic strength analysis of the key components of the beam-type pumping unit with dynamic tracking balance
Authors: Wang Bo
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the shortages of large reversing impact, high energy consumption and poor balance effect of conventional beam-type pumping unit, the design scheme of beam-type pumping unit with dynamic tracking balance is proposed. The load-displacement curves from on-site trial shows that pumping with dynamic tracking balance has a better balance effect, and a production and power efficiency. According to the designed structure, the dynamic responses of the beam and connecting rods are analyzed. The results show that the maximum Mises stresses in the beam and connecting rod are 36.96 MPa and 27.83 MPa, respectively. The key components of designed beam-type pumping unit with dynamic tracking balance meet the requirement of strength.
Authors: Susilo Edi
Published: June 2021

Salah satu tujuan berlakunya praktik kafa’ah adalah dalam rangka menghindari dampak negatif terhadap pasangan suami isteri yang dianggap tidak setara atau tidak sepadan. Hanya saja, kesetaraan di sini justeru kemudian memunculkan dampak yang tidak baik karena kecenderungan kesetaraan adalah untuk membeda-bedakan kasta, derajat, kebangsawanan dan terkesan merendahkan, maka di sinilah kemudian justeru bertentangan dengan prinsip hukum Islam. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengupas secara kritis eksistensi kafa’ah yang kemudian me-rekonseptualisasi kesataraan dalam pernikahan yang terbebas dari sistem kelas sosial. Penelitian pustaka dipilih dengan merujuk dari berbagai sumber buku, jurnal, dan sumber lain untuk menggali konsep kafa’ah. Temuan penelitian, kesetaraan dalam rumah tangga yang bukan berdasarkan agama sejatinya hanya bersifat sosiologis semata, dan terkesan mengkonstruksi sebuah kasta dan perbandingan derajat, bahkan sampai pada merendahkan yang justeru bertentangan dengan prinsip dalam hukum Islam. Maka konsep kesetaraan perlu dikaji secara kritis dan mendalam.
INOVASI PESANTREN DALAM MEMBENTUK KEMANDIRIAN LEMBAGA DAN SANTRI
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Amrullah M. Kholis
Published: June 2021

Pesantren as a place to gain religious knowledge that is simple and does notcharge a lot of money. In facing the times, pesantren are required to beindependent, and santri are also required to be independent when they enter thecommunity. This study aims to reveal the innovations of pesantren in establishingindependence through the results of several studies related to pesantren activitiesin developing and improving the quality of pesantren and their students. Theresults of this study indicate that pesantren provide students with religiousknowledge, entrepreneurship skills, and social skills to prepare students to enterreal life.
Study of The Meaning of Lelaki, Bujang and Bujangan Words in the Utilisation of Indonesian Corpus
Authors: Yuki Librilianti Kurnia
Published: June 2021

This study aims to examine the meaning of the words man, single, and bachelors in the use of the Indonesian language corpus and how the semantic and pragmatic meanings of the use of the words male, single, and bachelor are seen from their collocation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected using Leipzig corpora and word sketch engine of the linguistic corpus for Indonesian. The word male appeared 69,907 times, the word single appeared 1,473 times, and the word bachelor appeared 69,907 times. The researcher uses discourse analysis for the word male, which can be used according to the meaning of the word/semantics. In a colocation sense, it turns out that men have the equivalent of nine words, while bachelors have a colocation with ten words and bachelors have a colocation with thirteen words.
Analysis of Risk Factors with the Degree of Pelvic Organs Prolapse at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
Authors: Putra Hadrians Kesuma , Callista Zahra Aidi  , M. Zulkarnain
Published: June 2021

Background. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a condition in which one or more pelvic organs (consisting of the uterus, vaginal cuff, bladder, intestines, and rectum) or more are still in or out of the vagina. Risk factors that influence the incidence of POP consist of obstetric risk factors (number of parity and birth method) and non-obstetric risk factors (age, menopause, BMI, comorbid disease, and hypertension). The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the degree of POP.

Methods. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach to 111 patients examined at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin general hospital Palembang on January 2017 to December 2019, who was diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse.

Results. The results showed the effect of variables with the degree of POP using the chi-square test, consisting of parity (p=0.007), birth method (p=<0.001), age (p=0.016), menopause (p=0.001), BMI (p =0.005), indicates that there is a significant effect on the degree of POP. Meanwhile, comorbid factors (p=0.481) and hypertension (p=0.415) did not show a significant relationship with the degree of POP. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis of all risk factors, the number of parity >4, overweight, and age 40 years, will have a 99.85% chance of experiencing grade 3 or 4 prolapse.

Conclusion. Age is the most dominant risk factor affecting the degree of pelvic organ prolapse, with 19 times the chance of developing POP 3 or 4 degrees.
Oppression in the “Happy” Multicultural Land in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth
Authors: KÜÇÜK Hale
Published: June 2021

Zadie Smith’s White Teeth (2000) is a complex and paradoxical work since it presents a portrayal of England in the late twentieth century employing characters from various racial and religious groups. The novel focuses on the relationships between three families: the Bangladeshi and Muslim Iqbals, the English-Jamaican Joneses, and the Jewish-British Chalfens. It depicts a multicultural society, yet it also reflects on the oppression experienced by certain characters, who are marginalized due to their differences from mainstream society. This raises the question whether Smith’s novel celebrates or criticizes the discourse of multiculturalism. This study considers the novel’s attitude towards multiculturalism through the representation of oppression. It aims to explore the theme of oppression with regard to the issues of race, religion, gender, and sexual orientation because these intertwined categories determine an individual’s sense of self and the social relations between different groups. In light of Tariq Modood’s conception of multiculturalism, which underlines the importance of some principles, such as the recognition of the other, positive difference, equality, and a more inclusive version of national identity, this study argues that the novel does not seem optimistic in its treatment of multiculturalism because various kinds of oppression, such as racial discrimination, violence, stigmatization, and indifference, haunt the lives of the marginalized or disempowered characters and trigger counter-attacks from the oppressed group. While impeding the other’s integration into society, this situation also poses a threat to the social order. This reveals that a multicultural society, which embraces all differences and cherishes this diversity, is a dream difficult to be realized in England as portrayed in the novel.