bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a content-based image retrieval system for radiologists in high-resolution CT of interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Böttcher Benjamin , van Assen Marly , Fari Roberto , von Knebel Doeberitz Philipp L. , Kim Eun Young , Berkowitz Eugene A. , Meinel Felix G. , De Cecco Carlo N.
Published: January 2025

Background

This retrospective study aims to evaluate the impact of a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) application on diagnostic accuracy and confidence in interstitial lung disease (ILD) assessment using high-resolution computed tomography CT (HRCT).

Methods

Twenty-eight patients with verified pattern-based ILD diagnoses were split into two equal datasets (1 and 2). The images were assessed by two radiology residents (3rd and 5th year) and one expert radiologist in four sessions. Dataset 1 was used for sessions A and C, assessing diagnostic accuracy and confidence with mandatory and without CBIR software. Dataset 2 was used for sessions B and D with optional CBIR use, assessing time spending and frequency of CBIR usage. Accuracy was assessed on the CT pattern level, comparing readers’ diagnoses with reference diagnoses and CBIR results with region-of-interest (ROI) patterns.

Results

Diagnostic accuracy and confidence of readers showed an increasing trend with CBIR use compared to no CBIR use (53.6% versus 35.7% and 50.0% versus 32.2%, respectively). Time for reading significantly decreased in both datasets (A versus C: 104 s versus 54 s, p < 0.001; B versus D: 88.5 s versus 70 s, p = 0.009), whereas time for research increased with CBIR software use (A versus C: 31 s versus 81 s, p = 0.040). CBIR results showed a high pattern-based accuracy of overall 73.4%. Comparison between readers indicates a slightly higher accuracy of CBIR results when more than one ROI was used as input (77.7% versus 70.1%).

Conclusion

CBIR software improves in-training radiologist diagnostic accuracy and confidence while reducing interpretation time in ILD assessment.

Relevance statement

Content-based image retrieval software improves the assessment of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in high-resolution CT, especially for radiology residents, by increasing diagnostic accuracy and confidence while reducing interpretation time. This can provide educational benefits and more time-efficient management of complex cases.

Key Points

A content-based image retrieval (CBIR) software improves diagnostic accuracy and confidence for in-training radiologists for interstitial lung disease (ILD) assessment on computed tomography (CT).

A CBIR application provides condensed information about similar HRCT cases reducing time for ILD assessment.

CBIR algorithms benefit from the input of multiple regions of interest per ILD case.

Graphical Abstract
Type of arrhythmias and the risk of sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chander Subhash , Aamir Ahmad Bin , Latif Rabia , Parkash Om , Sorath F. N. U. , Tan Sam , Lohana Abhi Chand , Shiwlani Sheena , Nadeem Mohammed Yaqub
Published: January 2025

Background

Patients on long-term dialysis for end-stage kidney disease have a high mortality rate, predominantly due to sudden cardiac death (SCD), which is associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias compared to the general population. Thus, the current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the incidence of SCD among dialysis patients at risk of arrhythmia.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Medline, and Europe PMC were searched for articles meeting our inclusion criteria. Studies with risk assessment of arrhythmias and the incidence of SCD in dialysis patients were considered for inclusion. Effect size from eligible studies was pooled using a random effects model and restricted maximum likelihood estimation. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I
2 statistic, and the risk of publication bias was evaluated by visually inspecting funnel plots.

Results

Our search strategy yielded 5861 studies, of which 1960 duplicate entries were removed in the prescreening stage, 3326 were excluded after title/abstract screening, and 519 after full-text screening for not meeting our inclusion criteria. Finally, 11 studies were included in the analysis, and two more were selected from the bibliography list of previous reviews. Eight included studies were randomized controlled trials, and five were cohort studies, which provided a pooled population size of 12,611 dialysis patients for the meta-analysis, which indicated a significantly larger effect size of arrhythmia [Cohen’s d = 110.38 (95%CI 42.72–178.05), p = 0.0]. Visual assessment of the funnel plot indicated no publication bias.

Conclusion

SCD remains a significant public health concern, particularly in patients undergoing dialysis. Meta-analysis results show that bradyarrhythmia is a common arrhythmic condition leading to SCD; however, other arrhythmias should also be considered.
Approach to Lipid Management in the Patient With Diabetes
Authors: Kim Stephanie , Subramanian Savitha
Published: January 2025

Diabetes is associated with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Disordered lipid metabolism is a major contributor to ASCVD risk in diabetes. Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the presence of small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles. Statins have demonstrated longstanding benefit for reducing ASCVD risk in individuals with diabetes. Newer agents for add-on therapies to statins are now available for additional cardiovascular risk reduction. In this clinical overview, we review the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia in both type 1 and 2 diabetes and provide an update on the management of lipids in the individual with diabetes. We discuss the importance of appropriate risk stratification and individualized treatment selection and the need to avoid therapy inertia to mitigate cardiovascular risk. We also address lipid-related effects of glycemic-lowering therapies.
The Fine Art of Persuasion
Authors: Weisenfeld Gennifer
Published: January 2025

Commercial art is more than just mass-produced publicity; it constructs social and political ideologies that impact the public’s everyday life. In The Fine Art of Persuasion, Gennifer Weisenfeld examines the evolution of Japanese advertising graphic design from the early 1900s through the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, a pivotal design event that rebranded Japan on the world stage. Through richly illustrated case studies, Weisenfeld tells the story of how modern corporations and consumer capitalism transformed Japan’s visual culture and artistic production across the pre- and postwar periods, revealing how commercial art helped constitute the ideological formations of nation- and empire-building. Weisenfeld also demonstrates, how under the militarist regime of imperial Japan, national politics were effectively commodified and marketed through the same mechanisms of mass culture that were used to promote consumer goods. Using a multilayered analysis of the rhetorical intentions of design projects and the context of their production, implementation, and consumption, Weisenfeld offers an interdisciplinary framework that illuminates the importance of Japanese advertising design within twentieth-century global visual culture.
Knee Extensor and Flexor Force Control after ACL Injury and Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: SCHWARTZ AVA L. , KOOHESTANI MOEIN , SHERMAN DAVID A. , STOCK MATT S. , NORTE GRANT E.
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Reduced force control after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction may contribute to poor function. Various metrics (linear and nonlinear) have been employed to quantify force control. The aims of this review were to synthesize evidence assessing knee extensor and flexor force control after ACL injury (ACLD) or reconstruction (ACLR) and to investigate the potential effects of injury management (e.g., surgery, graft type), mode of contraction (e.g., isometric, isokinetic), and speed and intensity of contraction.

Methods

We searched six databases for studies assessing knee extensor or flexor force control in individuals with ACLD or ACLR using a linear or nonlinear analysis method and comparing to the uninvolved limb or an uninjured control. Two independent reviewers assessed potential studies for inclusion and quality. Primary random effects meta-analyses were simultaneously separated by muscle, injury management, analysis method, and comparator.

Results

Twenty-seven studies were included. When assessed via linear methods, greater variability in knee extensor force (i.e., reduced force control) was observed only in comparison to uninjured controls (ACLD: P = 0.03, Hedges’ g = 0.22, [95% confidence interval CI 0.02–0.42]; ACLR: P = 0.01, Hedges’ g = 0.23, [95% CI = 0.05–0.41]). When assessed via nonlinear methods, lesser regularity of knee extensor force control (i.e., reduced force control) was observed in comparison to the uninvolved limb (ACLD: P = 0.008, Hedges’ g = 0.44, [95% CI = 0.11–0.76]; ACLR: P < 0.00001, Hedges’ g = 0.75, [95% CI = 0.61–0.88]) and uninjured controls (ACLD: P = 0.002, Hedges’ g = 0.44, [95% CI = 0.16–0.72]; ACLR: P < 0.00001, Hedges’ g = 0.69, [95% CI = 0.55–0.82]). Funnel plot data suggested a potential risk of bias.

Conclusions

Moderate-to-strong evidence indicates impaired knee extensor force control after ACLR in comparison to uninjured controls, regardless of analysis type. Nonlinear analyses detected more and greater force control differences, thus appearing to be more sensitive and highlighting a need for a standardized, clinically accessible methodology. These results may be partially explained by the neuromuscular mechanisms underlying motor control.
Αξιολόγηση λεπτής κινητικότητας με χρήση τεχνικών βαθιάς μηχανικής μάθησης σε παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας
Authors: Στρίκας Κωνσταντίνος
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα μελέτη επικεντρώθηκε στη διερεύνηση τρόπων και στην ανάπτυξη μεθόδων για την αυτοματοποιημένη αξιολόγηση της λεπτής κινητικότητας και της νοητικής ανάπτυξης σε παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας, αξιοποιώντας τεχνικές βαθιάς μηχανικής μάθησης. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 757 παιδιά ηλικίας 49 έως 76 μηνών(4-6 ετών) από πόλεις και χωριά της Περιφερειακής Ενότητας Σερρών. Η λεπτή κινητική ανάπτυξη των παιδιών αξιολογήθηκε μέσω της αναπτυξιακής δοκιμασίας Griffiths ΝοII, ενώ η νοητική ηλικία αξιολογήθηκε με τη δοκιμασία Goodenough-Harris Draw-A-Person. Στη μελέτη εκπαιδεύτηκαν μοντέλα βαθιάς μηχανικής μάθησης όπως τα ResNetV2, InceptionV3, MobileNetV2, VGG16, και EfficientNetB0 και B1, ενώ δημιουργήθηκε επίσης ένα νέο μοντέλο με την ονομασία MotorSkillsCNN. Από τα αποτελέσματα φάνηκε ότι η αξιοπιστία της κλίμακας λεπτής κινητικότητας του Griffiths II στην κατηγοριοποίηση των παιδιών στην ίδια αναπτυξιακή ομάδα με τη δοκιμασία Goodenough-Harris Draw-A-Person είναι υψηλή (93,92%). Παρόλο που το ποσοστό των αληθινά θετικών περιπτώσεων στις έξι τάξεις ήταν χαμηλότερο σε σύγκριση με άλλα μοντέλα (31%), το μοντέλο EfficientNet B0 κατέγραψε υψηλότερη ακρίβεια στην κατηγοριοποίηση των παιδιώνμε βάση τις δεξιότητες λεπτής κινητικότητας. Αν και το EfficientNet B0 παρουσίασε από τα χαμηλότερα ποσοστά ακρίβειας (35,87%) μεταξύ των προ-εκπαιδευμένων δικτύων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, θεωρήθηκε πιο αποτελεσματικό στην κατηγοριοποίηση των παιδιών όσον αφορά στη νοητική τους ανάπτυξη. Το νέο μοντέλο MotorSkills CNN κατέταξε συνολικά στην ίδια κατηγορία με το Griffiths II,124 εικόνες (30,46%) και με το Goodenough-Harris Draw-A-Person 127 εικόνες(29,48%). Συμπερασματικά, η αξιολόγηση του αναπτυξιακού επιπέδου των σχεδίων και η καταμέτρηση του αριθμού των απεικονιζόμενων λεπτομερειών παρέχουν αξιόπιστους δείκτες τόσο για το επίπεδο των δεξιοτήτων λεπτής κινητικότητας των παιδιών όσο και για τη νοητική τους ανάπτυξη. Σε κατηγορίες με μεγάλο όγκο εικόνων παρατηρήθηκε αποδεκτή απόδοση των μοντέλων, ενώ σε κατηγορίες με περιορισμένο αριθμό εικόνων η εκπαίδευση και η απόδοση των μοντέλων ήταν ανεπαρκής. Αυτό το γεγονός αποτελεί αφετηρία για τον εμπλουτισμό του συνόλου δεδομένων και τη μελλοντική μελέτη με άλλες μεθόδους.
Σύνθεση και χαρακτηρισμός κβαντικών τελειών, με βάση τον ψευδάργυρο, για την ανάπτυξη τροποποιημένων, πολύ-λειτουργικών νανοδομών, με βιολογικές εφαρμογές
Authors: Παπαδοπούλου Αθηνά
Published: January 2025

Ο σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν η σύνθεση, η τροποποίηση και η μελέτη των ιδιοτήτων των κβαντικών τελειών ZnO και ZnS, μέσω μιας σειράς φασματοσκοπικών και άλλων τεχνικών. Το πειραματικό μέρος χωρίζεται σε τέσσερα κεφάλαια, με βάση την τροποποίηση και τη βιολογική αξιολόγηση των νανοδομών. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο του πειραματικού μέρους περιγράφεται αναλυτικά η σύνθεση υβριδικών νανοσωματιδίων TiO2, παρουσία των κβαντικών τελειών ZnO και πως αυτός ο συνδυασμός ενίσχυσε τις φωτοκαταλυτικές και αντιβακτηριακές ιδιότητες των νανοσωματιδίων. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται η σύνθεση και η τροποποίηση των κβαντικών τελειών ZnO και ZnS. Η τροποποίηση που αφορά στον εμπλουτισμό (doping) με ιόντα μετάλλων Mg²⁺ και Mn²⁺, έγινε με σκοπό τη μελέτη της ενίσχυση των οπτικών του ιδιοτήτων. Στην προσπάθεια βελτίωσης της κολλοειδούς συμπεριφοράς τους, αλλά και των οπτικών του ιδιοτήτων πραγματοποιήθηκε η επιφανειακή τροποποίηση με βιοσυμβατά μόρια, όπως APTES και MPTS. Ακολούθως, στο επόμενο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται η σύνθεση λιποσωμάτων και η προσπάθεια ενσωμάτωσης των κβαντικών τελειών στις λιπιδικές διπλοστιβάδες τους, με σκοπό την ανάδειξη της προοπτικής της εφαρμογής των κβαντικών τελειών σε συστήματα μεταφοράς φαρμάκων. Τέλος, στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο μελετάται η αντιοξειδωτική και η αντιβακτηριακή δράση των κβαντικών τελειών, καθώς και η αξιολόγησή τους ως προς την τοξικότητα σε υγιή και καρκινικά κύτταρα. Η βιολογική αξιολόγηση πραγματοποιήθηκε με σκοπό να ελεγχθεί εάν και κατά πόσο είναι εφικτή η εφαρμογή τους σε βιολογικά συστήματα.
Group Structures and Derivations on PMS-algebras
Authors: Melese Kassahun Nibret , Assaye Alaba Berhanu , Gedamu Wondifraw Yohannes , Teshome Wale Zelalem
Published: January 2025

Background PMS-algebras are a specific algebraic structure that generalizes a propositional algebra called BCK-algebra. This paper delves into the intricate group structure of these algebras and the concept of derivations within this framework. Methods We employ rigorous mathematical techniques to analyze the properties of derivations in P MS-algebras. This involves examining various characteristics of derivations and investigating their behavior in specific subcategories, such as torsion-free P MS-algebras. Results Our research reveals several key findings. Firstly, we establish that the set of all derivations associated with the binary operation defined on a P MS-algebra constitutes a semigroup. Secondly, we provide a comprehensive analysis of generalized derivations, d-invariant ideals, fixed sets, and torsion-free P MS-algebras within the context of P MS-algebras. Conclusions This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the algebraic structure of P MS-algebras and the role of derivations within this context. The findings presented here have implications for further research in abstract algebra and related fields.
Economic and Social Transformations in the Caspian ‘Rentier States’
Authors: Misiągiewicz Justyna
Published: January 2025

The article raises the issue of various challenges and conditions related to the economic and social transformation of post-Soviet countries in the Caspian region. Effective economic transformation was limited by significant dependence on Russia in this respect and the lack of regional cooperation. In recent years, the newly established countries of the region have largely focused on exporting energy raw materials. All countries in the Caspian region are examples of the “paradox of wealth” phenomenon related to energy nationalism. Countries producing fossil fuels control the energy industry, which enables them to pursue specific political and social goals.
A Machine Learning-Assisted Decision-Making Methodology Based on Simplex Weight Generation for Non-Dominated Alternative Selection
Authors: de Moraes Matheus Bernardelli , Coelho Guilherme Palermo , Bratvold Reidar B.
Published: January 2025

In multiobjective decision-making problems, it is common to encounter nondominated alternatives. In these situations, the decision-making process becomes complex, as each alternative offers better outcomes for some objectives and worse outcomes for others simultaneously. However, DMs still must choose a single alternative that provides an acceptable balance between the conflicting objectives, which can become exceedingly challenging. To address this scenario, our work introduces a decision-making framework aimed at supporting such decisions. Our proposed framework draws upon concepts from the field of Multi-Criteria Decision Making, and combines a novel simplex-like weight generation method with expert insights and machine learning data-driven procedures to establish an intuitive methodology that empowers DMs to select a single alternative from a range of alternatives. In this paper, we illustrate the effectiveness of our methodology through an example and two real-world decision cases from the oil and gas industry, each involving 128 alternatives and five distinct objectives.

Funding: This work was supported by Equinor [Grant 2017/15736-3]; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo [Grant 2017/15736-3].
¿Por qué y cómo cantan las ballenas?
Authors: Ortega-Borchardt José Ángel , Heckel Gisela , Barba-Acuña Isai David
Published: January 2025

Los cantos de las ballenas constituyen uno de los fenómenos más fascinantes del reino animal, propagándose a lo largo de grandes distancias en el océano. Estas melodías, reconocidas por su complejidad y belleza, no solo enriquecen el entorno marino, sino que también presentan un desafío considerable para nuestra comprensión del comportamiento de estos cetáceos.
Pegaspargase induced multiple organ failure with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report
Authors: Bao Su-Xia , Yuan Xiao-Ling , Yan Lei , Xu Jie
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The introduction of pegaspargase has greatly advanced the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the literature, only one case of pegaspargase-induced multiple organ failure has been reported, and the patient died due to multiple organ failure.

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we present a rare case of a 40-year-old man with ALL who developed multiple organ failure after treatment with pegaspargase. The patient had two rare phenomena reflecting poor prognosis, including the discrepancy between clinical manifestations and liver function and persistently low alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels from subacute liver failure. However, the patient was successfully treated using a multidisciplinary team approach.

CONCLUSION

This is the first case report of successful treatment of pegaspargase-induced multiple organ failure. The findings emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach in treating pegaspargase-induced multiple organ failure.
INDICADORES PARA ANÁLISE DA INDÚTRIA CRIATIVA EM PORTUGAL: estruturação do observatório na Universidade do Porto
Authors: Manuel Figueiredo Lima Cláudia , Costa Martins Tiago , Manuela Gomes de Azevedo Pinto Maria
Published: January 2025

O artigo explora a criação de um sistema de indicadores para um observatório da Indústria Criativa (IC) na Universidade do Porto. A pesquisa, de natureza exploratória, descreve e propõe um framework conceitual para a análise de indicadores na IC. Destaca a importância da interdisciplinaridade, integrando perspectivas econômicas e infocomunicacionais. Aborda a complexidade na definição e classificação das atividades econômicas desse setor. O artigo também apresenta uma proposta em desenvolvimento para o observatório e sugere o uso de modelos descritivos, preditivos e prescritivos em etapas futuras.
CONFLUÊNCIAS ENTRE A DECOLONIALIDADE E A CIDADANIA COMUNICATIVA
Authors: Dos Santos Olegário Micael , Schwaab Reges
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo reúne elaborações que procuram pensar como a comunicação, na ótica da confluência de saberes, pode ser afetada pela decolonialidade, perspectiva essencial no contexto latino-americano. Imaginar tal horizonte teórico-metodológico e político parece salutar para que a construção do conhecimento nos campos da comunicação e do jornalismo sejam histórica e socialmente referenciados, em especial, em países reprimidos pela colonialidade do poder e do saber. Como resultado, apresenta-se aproximações entre essas linhas de debate e a perspectiva da cidadania comunicativa.
A comprehensive study of phytonematodes of grape plants in the conditions of the Surkhandarya Valley, Uzbekistan
Authors: KHURAMOV ALISHER , BOBOKELDIEVA LOBAR , CHORIYEV SIROJ , RAKHMATULLAEV BAKHODIR , KHIMMATOV NAVRUZ , RAIMOV SHAKHBOZ , NARZULLAEVA GULCHEKHRA , BOBOKELDIYEVA SHAKHNOZA , MUKHIDDINOVA MUKHLISA , KARSHIEVA MAKHBUBA
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Khuramov A, Bobokeldieva L, Choriyev S, Rakhmatullaev B, Khimmatov N, Raimov S, Narzullaeva G, Bobokeldiyeva S, Mukhiddinova M, Karshieva M. 2024. A comprehensive study of phytonematodes of grape plants in the conditions of the Surkhandarya Valley, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 25: 4033-4042. Article analyzes the faunal complex of grape phytonematodes collected from 2018 to 2020 from 14 districts and 28 farms of the Surkhandarya Valley, Uzbekistan. Sample collection was carried out using the route (collecting samples by going to predetermined areas in a certain direction) method generally accepted in modern faunal studies. The Berman funnel method was used to isolate nematodes permanent and temporary preparations for determination of the type and gender of nematodes were prepared according to the Seinhorst method; when determining the species of phytonematodes, the works of domestic and foreign authors were used, as well as morphometric indicators obtained using the generally accepted de Mann formula. During the study period, we found 118 species of phytonematodes belonging to 54 genera, 33 families, 9 orders, and 2 subclasses on grape agrocenoses. The discovered nematodes are distributed among the orders as follows: The order Monhysterida is represented by 5 species: Enoplida-1, Mononchida-6, Dorylaimida-23, Alaimida-5, Rhabditida-7, Teratocephalida-25, Aphelenchida-19 and the order Tylenchida-27 species. The degree of dominance of registered phytonematodes in the roots and root soil of grapes was studied. According to the frequency of occurrence of the detected species of phytonematodes in root and soil samples, there were no dominant or eudominant species; in the root soil of grapes; of the subdominants 10 species and 108 species were classified as subrecedents. In the root system of grapes, the subdominants are total 10 species. In the root system of grapes, all other species of phytonematodes registered (74 species) are classified as subrecedents.
Misrecognition or recognition? A critical discussion of care experience as a protected characteristic
Authors: Hugman Catriona
Published: January 2025

The work critically discusses the basis for enshrining care experience as a protected characteristic. Including care experience as a protected characteristic was a recommendation in an independent review, and now several local councils have voted to adopt this as policy. Despite this, there has been little discussion by social workers and academics of the extent to which care experience fulfils the criteria of having a stable definition, evidence of historical and enduring discrimination, and whether such legislative changes have been discussed with the care-experienced population. This research discusses the current evidence base, with reference to academic and grey literature, and finds that there is some fulfilment of the three tenets underpinning the UK Equality Act 2010. Crucially, while this is a means for care-experienced people to be legally recognised, there is a danger that without consultation, this could lead to misrecognition. Recommendations are made to improve the evidence base.
Bhutanese women’s experience of turning points to seek help from Intimate Partner Violence (IPV): a qualitative study
Authors: Choden Phuntsho , Sendall Marguerite C. , Armstrong Kerry
Published: January 2025

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a rising issue in Bhutan and has pervaded Bhutanese women’s lives silently. The information about Bhutanese women’s help seeking behaviours is scarce. This study aimed to explore the sensitising concepts about how and when Bhutanese women recognised IPV and responded to it. Fifteen women who had experienced IPV and seeking support services at RENEW (Respect, Educate, Nurture, Empower Women) were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to establish the patterns of responses and finalise themes to better understand the phenomenon under enquiry. Six distinct turning points were identified which motivated women’s help-seeking behaviours. These include: 1) Increased threats to self-esteem and dignity, 2) Failure to change his behaviours, 3) Increased severity of violence, 4) Concerns for parents, 5) Gaining positive support, and 6) Reflecting and rewinding the experience of IPV. These novel findings highlight the importance of knowledge, positive response, and individual values in relation to women’s help-seeking behaviours. This article makes recommendations for relevant practice and policy makers in Bhutan to positively influence women’s help-seeking behaviours.
Love Letter, and: After the Hurricane
Authors: Ayres Kellam
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
Postmarked from the Middle of Nowhere
Authors: Elkins Ansel
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
Hildegard Confides
Authors: Mitchell Nancy
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
That Halloween
Authors: Napier Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
bop: the journalist asks Jimmy what it was like when Martin died
Authors: Summerhill Daniel B.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
Crossing the Boundary
Authors: Szántó Gábor T. , Morry Marietta , Burgess Walter
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
The Death of Eve
Authors: Tuama Pádraig Ó
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
Cementing the Sounds of State-Building: Early North Korean Mass Music and Staged Works of Music, 1945–1949
Authors: Moody Peter G.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Upon exiting the newly established Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) in 1948, the Soviet Civil Administration (SCA) compiled a detailed report on the North’s economy, politics, and culture, noting that roughly twelve thousand music “circles” had emerged since 1945, more than all other mentioned local organizations combined. Due to the Soviet Union’s expertise in political and labor mobilization, the embryonic North Korean state relied heavily on it during the post-liberation period; however, this was also a critical time when the Korean Workers’ Party (KWP) established its hegemony in a way that could readily translate into statehood. In this article, I demonstrate how the DPRK’s attainment of statehood was inextricably linked to music development. I illustrate how, on the one hand, the KWP’s utilization of marches and mass songs saturated the populace with routines of empowerment, buttressed by potent depictions of democratic praxis. I then explore the DPRK’s quest to showcase so-called grand and national classics, which essentially functioned as a rite of passage to become a well-respected member of the wider Socialist Bloc community. Although the implementation of all these initiatives was top-down, individual musicians made a name for themselves by harmonizing their artistic inclinations with party directives.
Children of the Juche Revolution: Picturing North Korean Youth Culture at the Thirteenth World Festival of Youth and Students
Authors: Gabriel Douglas
Published: January 2025

Abstract: In this article, I analyze three dimensions of the Thirteenth World Festival of Youth and Students, which was held in Pyongyang in 1989. I focus on the discourse that unfolded in the lead-up to the event as North Korean leaders met with international representatives; encounters between North Koreans and international delegates on the ground during the festival; and North Korean artworks produced for and exhibited during the festival. Mobilizing Giorgio Agamben’s theoretical frame of contemporaneity, I unfurl the competing ways in which the North Korean state and the festival’s backing constituencies representing the global youth sought to establish their relevance in a shifting global order—one in which North Korea increasingly appeared an anachronistic holdover from the Cold War era. The tension that runs through each of the dimensions of the festival explored here provides useful insight into the Cold War ideological forces that subsisted during the frenzied political juncture of 1989 even as many sought to define this moment as marking the end of the Cold War and the arrival of a global community.
Transplanted Modernity and the Reconfiguration of Nation: Im Hwa’s Writings on Modern Korean Literary History and National Literature
Authors: Choe Hyonhui
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This article explores the evolution of Im Hwa’s literary criticism, focusing on the continuity between his history of New Literature during Korea’s late colonial period and his theory of national literature in the post-liberation era. It discusses how Im’s view on the Korean nation contributes to postcolonial dialogues about preserving positive legacies of nationalist thought under colonial rule to facilitate complete decolonization and support for marginalized groups. In his historiography of New Literature, Im distinguishes modern Korean literature from its pre-modern counterparts, describing modernity in Korea as transplanted from the West. This makes contemporary literature, which he considers indefinable until history reaches a conclusive point, unfold through elements that are alien to Korea. Despite this, Im insists on classifying this essentially non-Korean literature as Korean due to its use of the Korean script. This paradoxical stance implies that the formality of writing in Korean is sufficient to define the literature as Korean. The inclusive vision of the Korean nation, open to anyone who writes in the Korean script, continues in Im’s theory of national literature. He argues that the nation, composed of anonymous individuals who identify as Korean, serves as the foundation for all modern literature and holds potential for building a literary collective open to any marginalized groups under various forms of oppression.
A note on applying M square factor to multi-TE mode laser diode beams
Authors: Sun Haiyin
Published: January 2025

Laser beam divergent characteristics are reviewed. The principle of applying M square factor to multi-TE mode laser beams are explained and discussed. A useful conclusion is drawn.
Physicians’ experiences with pharmacists as new members of the interprofessional emergency department team. A qualitative study
Authors: Johnsgård Tine , Elenjord Renate , Zahl-Holmstad Birgitte , Svendsen Kristian , Lehnbom Elin C. , Ofstad Eirik H. , Risør Torsten , Garcia Beate H.
Published: January 2025

Pharmacists in emergency departments (EDs) can alleviate physicians’ workload by handling medication-related tasks and offer valuable contributions in interprofessional teams. We aimed to explore physicians’ experiences working with pharmacists in EDs, and their perspectives on future permanent collaboration. We conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty physicians from two EDs and analyzed the data using thematic analysis. Four main themes emerged, comprising twelve subthemes that highlighted both challenges and motivations. Theme 1: time addressed physicians’ time constraints, and the potential for time reallocation with assistance from pharmacists. Theme 2: various roles of pharmacists focused on the diverse roles of pharmacists who supported patient care and junior physicians, but faced challenges like availability and space constraints. Theme 3: teamwork concerned how pharmacists were trusted, brought valuable insights, and enhanced patient safety, yet there were ambiguous views on responsibility and cultural differences. Theme 4: future perspectives focused on how physicians favored a permanent inclusion of pharmacists in the ED, suggesting that they could independently conduct MedRec. Our findings suggest that pharmacists should be permanently integrated in ED teams. However, there is a need to address challenges related to space and legal regulations to enhance interprofessional collaboration.
Um outro cartulário da Sé de Coimbra: o Manuscrito Iluminado 98 da Biblioteca Nacional
Authors: Morujão Maria do Rosário Barbosa
Published: January 2025

Depois de termos apresentado um trabalho sobre o Livro Preto, dedicamos novo artigo a um outro cartulário da Sé de Coimbra, códice de menores dimensões e muito menos conhecido, que se conserva na Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal. Trata-se de um manuscrito elaborado na segunda metade do século XIII, decerto a mando do bispo D. Egas Fafes (1247-1267), cujo conteúdo se reporta a diversos eventos, sucedidos durante o seu episcopado, e que constitui um dos poucos testemunhos que chegou até nós da actividade do scriptorium da catedral conimbricense nessa época.
O Povo Português na Obra de João de Barros
Authors: João Maria Isabel
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo vamos analisar a representação do povo português num autor fundamental para a compreensão do ideário e dos valores republicanos, o escritor e pedagogo João de Barros. Vamos centrar-nos na interpretação de dois textos essenciais sobre esta matéria: uma conferência proferida em 1931, na Voz do Operário, e uma antologia publicada, em 1947, sobre o mesmo assunto que recolhe excertos de textos de variados autores nacionais. Não deixaremos, todavia, de ter como pano de fundo o conjunto da sua obra e a própria vida, dedicada à defesa da instrução pública e da cultura.
O Cortejo de Oferendas em benefício da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Ponte de Sor (décadas de 1950 e 1960)
Authors: Silva Ana Isabel Coelho Pires da
Published: January 2025

O Cortejo de Oferendas em beneficio da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Ponte de Sor realizou-se trienalmente entre 1952 e 1971 e surgiu em resposta às dificuldades financeiras da instituição, devidas ao significativo aumento do movimento do Hospital Vaz Monteiro, a seu cargo, e ao consequente crescimento das despesas. A organização do evento implicava, entre outros aspectos, o investimento na divulgação e na sensibilização e a constituição de comissões de angariação de oferendas. O Cortejo consistia num conjunto de carros que transportavam as oferendas, desfilando pelas ruas de Ponte de Sor e terminando junto ao Hospital. Para além do seu significado económico, dando um contributo fundamental para o equilíbrio das contas da Misericórdia, o Cortejo destaca-se pela sua grande capacidade mobilizadora e representatividade social e assume-se como "símbolo de caridade" no concelho.
Effect of extracted phycocyanin by-products as a synbiotic supplement on the production performance and intestinal morphology of broilers
Authors: Hamprakorn Kannikar , Maneewan Buaream , Jantasin Wantamas , Lani Mohd Nizam , Moonmanee Tossapol , Panatuk Julakorn
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim: The extracted phycocyanin by-products retain nutritional value, including proteins, polysaccharides, and bioactive compounds, which have the potential as feed supplements in broiler production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of by-products acquired during phycocyanin extraction, which is used as a novel synbiotic supplement, on the production performance and intestinal health of broilers in a tropical climate.

Materials and Methods: A total of 240 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly distributed among five dietary treatment groups; they received a diet supplemented with a synbiotic product (probiotic [Lactobacillus johnsonii] at least 1.0 × 108 colony-forming unit/mg with prebiotic [by-product of phycocyanin extraction]) at 0.000%, 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.075%, and 0.100%. We investigated the effects of dietary synbiotic supplements on the growth performance, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and cecal bacterial population of broiler chickens aged 35 days.

Results: Synbiotics used as a dietary supplement did not affect the growth performance of broilers during any experimental period (p > 0.05); however, it significantly increased the redness of meat and decreased the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances on days 3 and 7 of storage (p < 0.05). Moreover, synbiotics significantly improved the height and surface area of villi in the duodenum and jejunum (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that dietary supplementation with 0.1% synbiotics, incorporating a by-product of phycocyanin extraction, did not significantly influence the growth performance of broiler chickens. However, it positively affected meat quality by increasing redness and reducing lipid oxidation during storage. Additionally, synbiotic supplementation significantly enhanced intestinal health by improving the villi height and surface area in the duodenum and jejunum, highlighting its potential benefits for broiler intestinal morphology and meat quality in tropical climates. Further research is recommended to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects and their implications for long-term poultry health and productivity.

Keywords: broiler, by-products, production, Spirulina platensis, symbiotic.
Conscientização sobre o autismo e a seletividade alimentar
Authors: Rodrigues Perla Silva , Lima Maria Valéria Chaves de , Queiroz Janaina Maciel de , Costa Adalberto Veronese da , Cardoso Glêbia Alexa
Published: January 2025

O padrão de comportamento repetitivo de crianças autistas pode influenciar no padrão alimentar sendo que, na maioria das vezes, o horário das refeições é marcado pela agitação, choro e recusa, favorecendo o consumo insuficiente de nutrientes e configurando assim, a seletividade alimentar. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência de profissionais da saúde na realização de uma atividade de educação alimentar e nutricional sobre a conscientização acerca do autismo e da seletividade alimentar com alunos do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública localizada no interior do Ceará. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, de uma ação com 30 alunos do ensino fundamental. Ele se deu por meio da realização de breve explanação com apresentação de vídeos educativos, roda de conversa e gincana. As atividades lúdicas, especialmente no ambiente escolar, têm se revelado eficazes na ampliação do entendimento sobre alimentos e nutrição, pois essas atividades estimulam a compreensão do conteúdo de maneira agradável, refletindo a realidade vivida pelos alunos. A atividade de conscientização do autismo e da educação alimentar e nutricional desempenharam um papel essencial para o ambiente escolar, uma vez que forneceram conhecimentos indispensáveis para promover a inclusão e hábitos saudáveis.
Educação permanente, serviço social e assistência social
Authors: Mauriel Ana Paula Ornellas , Silva Robson Roberto da
Published: January 2025

O texto apresenta uma sistematização da experiência do curso de extensão “O Trabalho de Assistentes Sociais na Política de Assistência Social”, realizado pela Escola de Serviço Social da Universidade Federal Fluminense, abrangendo o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para isso, em um primeiro momento, relaciona as contradições do trabalho de assistentes sociais na política de assistência social no contexto recente e os princípios da Política de Educação Permanente na área de serviço social, com base nos documentos do Conselho Federal em Serviço Social (CFESS). Em seguida, caracteriza as etapas de concepção, implementação e os resultados da avaliação das três edições do curso de extensão pelos profissionais participantes.
As aulas abertas de “próxima paisagem: escola de arte provisória” no Córrego do Bação
Authors: Tasca Fabíola Silva , Nunes Hélio Alvarenga , Lara José Márcio , Corrêa Bernardo
Published: January 2025

O texto apresenta uma experiência extensionista realizada no Córrego do Bação, em Itabirito, Minas Gerais, pelo “3º Grupo Próxima Paisagem”, composto por artistas e extensionistas pesquisadores em visitação periódica a essa região minerária. O processo de elaboração e realização de um conjunto de aulas abertas de “Próxima paisagem: escola de arte provisória” é apresentado em diálogo com o processo de pesquisa acadêmica acerca do conceito de paisagem, quando buscamos atualizar a noção fenomenológica estar-em-paisagem, por meio de uma prática compartilhada com os moradores do Córrego do Bação, de desenho ao ar livre. Com este texto, procuramos trazer aos leitores nosso entendimento acerca do poder emancipatório da arte e da educação, enquanto espaços para a emergência do comum. Procuramos também contemplar as dúvidas que experimentamos sobre o que a extensão universitária em artes pode alcançar no esforço de encontro com determinados contextos.
Práticas educativas em direitos humanos
Authors: Santos Júnior Alcides Leão , Berto Maria Heloiza de Araujo
Published: January 2025

Na sociedade contemporânea, faz-se necessária a inserção do debate pautado na perspectiva da educação em direitos humanos para além dos espaços formais de ensino. O presente relato versa acerca da experiência vivenciada em um projeto de extensão universitária que possuiu como público de interesse crianças e adolescentes matriculados em oficinas pedagógicas realizadas na Associação de Moradores dos Bairros de Frutilândia I e II e Fulô do Mato, em Assú/RN. As oficinas pedagógicas tiveram como focos o conhecimento e a compreensão do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA). Concluiu-se que as ações do projeto de extensão possibilitaram uma interferência positiva no cotidiano das crianças e adolescentes, pois, ao recordarem as informações que foram dialogadas, poderão se projetar como sujeitos com formação cidadã na assunção dos próprios direitos em uma sociedade que não os atende de maneira efetiva.
Demographic Factors Influencing Parental Perceptions of Early Childhood Sexual Education: A Study in Malang City
Authors: Mukhlis Akhmad , Husen Wahyuni , Fitriah Nurlaeli , Elvira Melly , Putri Santoso Sandy Tegariyani , Rahmanto Kelik Desta , Rochmah Ainur
Published: January 2025

This study examines parents' perceptions of the importance of sexual education in early childhood and the demographic factors influencing these views. Using multiple regression analysis, a quantitative survey was conducted with 100 Malang City parents with children aged 4-6 years. The results show that 84% of parents held positive perceptions, while 16% expressed negative views. The F-test yielded a calculated F value of 26.6 with a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that gender, age, and parental education significantly influence perceptions of sexual education. Parents with negative views often cited traditional beliefs about child development, considering children unprepared for topics on sexuality. Cultural factors, a lack of exposure to sexual education during their childhoods, and insufficient knowledge about appropriate content for young children further contributed to this stance. The findings suggest that sexual education for early childhood must consider comprehensive education for parents, ensuring they understand appropriate boundaries and materials. Demographic factors such as age, gender, and education must also be addressed when designing educational programs. Limitations of this study include its focus on a single city and a relatively small sample size, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings. Future research should expand the geographic scope and examine other factors, such as socioeconomic status or cultural diversity. Addressing these limitations could provide deeper insights into how to design effective sexual education programs that respect cultural contexts while fostering understanding and acceptance among parents.