bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allelopathic effect of the Baltic picocyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. on selected diatoms
Authors: Konarzewska Zofia , Śliwińska-Wilczewska Sylwia , Latała Adam
Published: May 2020

It is commonly believed that the structure of phytoplankton and the formation of cyanobacterial and algal blooms may be explained by allelopathic interactions. The main aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effect of picocyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. on the following growth and fluorescence parameters: the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), and the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) of selected diatoms – Nitzschia fonticola, Fistulifera saprophila, Navicula perminuta and Amphora coffeaeformis. In this study, it was demonstrated that picocyanobacterium caused allelopathic effects against Baltic diatoms. The results showed that the addition of cell-free filtrate from Synechococcus sp. increased the number of cells of N. fonticola and F. saprophila. Moreover, it was found that picocyanobacterium was stimulated fluorescence parameters of N. fonticola, F. saprophila, and N. perminuta. On the other hand, it was noted that filtrate obtained from picocyanobacterium caused the inhibition of Fv/Fm parameter of A. coffeaeformis. The results of this experiment may provide further information about allelopathic interactions between Baltic picocyanobacteria and diatoms that are crucial to the understanding of algal blooms in aquatic ecosystems.
Canada goose Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758): a majestic water bird from the continent of North America
Authors: Basu Saikat Kumar
Published: May 2020

Bernikla kanadyjska Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) jest ikoną dzikiej Ameryki i należy, zarówno do naturalnego, jak i społeczno-kulturowego, dziedzictwa Ameryki Północnej. Ten monogamiczny, gromadny i migrujący gatunek majestatycznego ptaka wodnego jest szeroko rozpowszechniony w Ameryce Północnej. Występuje w 8-10 różnych podgatunkach w szerokim spektrum naturalnych siedlisk i ekosystemów. Gatunek jest rozpowszechniony od Alaski przez Kanadę, USA aż do Meksyku. Aby uniknąć trudnych warunków zimowych, migruje z północy do południowych stanów USA i północnego Meksyku. Z powodu eksplozji wielkości jego populacji, jak również braku presji drapieżników, ptak ten w niektórych częściach kontynentu, zmienił się w lokalnego szkodnika. To krótkie opracowanie opisuje jego cykl życiowy rozmieszczenie, reprodukcję i zachowanie w środowisku.
Canistherapy and its application to the teaching process at a grammar school
Authors: Frajtová Zuzana , Kocianová-Adamcová Marcela
Published: May 2020

Analizy koncentrują się na zastosowaniu i wdrożeniu canisterapii (kynoterapii) w procesie nauczania w szkole średniej. Głównym celem badań było porównanie wpływu edukacji uczniów z udziałem i bez udziału psów. Narzędziami badawczymi były ankiety i test oraz bezpośrednia obserwacja. Populacja badawcza obejmowała uczniów w wieku 12–13 lat. Porównywano efekt terapii między dwiema grupami uczniów: eksperymentalną objętą canisterapią (klasa A, 28 uczniów), kontrolną (klasa B, 27 uczniów), bez canisterapii. Badania przeprowadzono dwa razy w okresie od września 2015 roku do kwietnia 2016 roku. Ankiety wykazały, że sesje canisterapii pozytywnie wpłynęły na zapamiętywanie programu nauczania, a także były motywacją do nauki. Ponadto zauważalny był pozytywny wpływ canisterapii na mentalną stronę uczniów. Uczniowie byli bardziej aktywni i skoncentrowani na zadaniach dydaktycznych. Niektórzy uczniowie przezwyciężyli również wrodzony strach przed psami. Bezpośrednie obserwacje uczniów na zajęciach wykazały, że sesje z użyciem psów były ważne nie tylko dla całej grupy, ale także dla poszczególnych osób.
Photosynthetic activity of Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G. Martens and Triticum aestivum L. in the presence of copper and vanadium ions
Authors: Konieczna Iwona , Rut Grzegorz , Kliszcz Angelika
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of copper and vanadium ions on photosynthetic activity of carrot (Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G. Martens) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Measurements of the total chlorophyll content were performed – the SPAD chlorometer and the basic chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were determined using the FMS-1 fluorometer – Hansatech. The studies used aqueous solutions of copper salt (CuSO4) and vanadium (H4NO3V), with molar concentrations: 0.6 mM, and 3 mM. The control group consisted of plants watered with distilled water. Both in carrots and in wheat, together with an increase in the concentration of heavy metal ions, a decrease in the content of chlorophyll was observed and significant changes in the activity of the photosystem were demonstrated II. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics and only in D. carota subsp. sativus showed a statistically significant effect of 3 mM solutions of copper and vanadium ions on photosynthetic activity. In T. aestivum none of the heavy metal ions induced significant changes in the values of chlorophyll a fluorescence.
Heavy metal and mould contamination of herbal medicinal products – an overview
Authors: Ałtyn Iwona , Twarużek Magdalena
Published: May 2020

Rośliny zielarskie są powszechnie wykorzystywane jako surowce w przemyśle farmaceutycznym. Od czasów starożytnych ziół używa się w leczeniu i zapobieganiu chorób. Jednakże w dzisiejszych czasach mogą one nie spełniać wymagań dotyczących jakości, bezpieczeństwa i skuteczności. Większość produktów ziołowych nie jest testowana, a ich efekty działania są słabo monitorowane. Konsekwencją tego jest niewystarczająca wiedza na temat przebiegu ich działania, skutków ubocznych, przeciwwskazań oraz interakcji z występującymi na rynku produktami farmaceutycznymi oraz żywnością. Przyczyną negatywnego wpływu surowców ziołowych na organizm może być ich zanieczyszczenie przez różne grzyby pleśniowe, powstające podczas zbioru, przetwarzania, przechowywania, a także dystrybucji. Zanieczyszczenie surowców zielarskich może być również spowodowane przez różnorodne metale ciężkie, które występują w wielu aspektach współczesnego życia. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przegląd informacji na temat stanu mykologicznego i chemicznego roślin leczniczych, a także wskazanie kilku ważnych wyzwań związanych z efektywnym monitorowaniem ich bezpieczeństwa.
The concentration of mercury in organs of Whipfin silver biddy (Gerres filamentosus Cuv.) and Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) in coastal central Vietnam
Authors: Vo Van Thiep , Binkowski Łukasz J. , Stawarz Robert
Published: May 2020

The concentration of mercury (Hg) in fish species has direct consequences to health of man and ecosystem. Thus, in this paper, the accumulation of Hg in gills, liver, and muscle of the two fish species (Whipfin silver biddy – Gerres filamentosus and Flathead grey mullet – Mugil cephalus) were measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. The fish specimens were collected from local markets and direct fishing with the help of fishermen over the period from July to September 2017 in coastal Vietnam. Differences in the total Hg were found both between two species and organs. The concentration of Hg in all organs investigated of Whipfin silver biddy was higher than of Flathead grey mullet (p < 0.05). The content of Hg in the muscles of Whipfin silver biddy was higher than in liver and gills (p < 0.05), 0.460, 0.245, 0.077 µg g-1 w.w., respectively. Liver of Flathead grey mullet had more Hg accumulated than muscle and gills (0.195, 0.097, 0.046 µg g-1 w.w., respectively). The results revealed that Hg concentrations in Flathead grey mullet did not exceed food fish safety limits established for human consumption while concentration of this toxic element in muscles of Whipin silver biddy almost reached the maximum permissible level.
The relationship between biofilm formation, genes of virulence and iron metabolism in Escherichia coli
Authors: Handrová Lívia , Čuvalová Anna , Kmeť Vladimír
Published: May 2020

Escherichia coli is known as one of the bacterial species with the widest adaptability to variety of niches either within organisms or outside in environment. Most strains of E. coli are of low virulence and associated with opportunistic infections, whereas others are highly virulent. The success of E. coli in colonising such a wide range of hosts and environments is basically due to a noticeable ductility in exploiting the available resources. It is becoming increasingly clear that biofilms have an enormous impact on medicine because since 65% of animal and human bacterial infections involve biofilms. In present study, we isolated strains of E. coli from animals. 19 interesting isolates were selected and tested by PCR amplification to virulence – iutA, cvaC, iss, tsh, papC, kps, iha and iron metabolism genes – sitA, feoB, irp2, fyuA, iroN, ireA. The ability of biofilm formation was assessed in a quantitative assay using a microtiter-plate test. Bacterial strains were grown on BHI. We divided isolates of E. coli into four classes: very weak (63.0%), weak (10.5%), moderate (10.5%) and strong (16.0%) biofilm producers. Representation genes of virulence were highly in isolates from very weak biofilm producers – from 7 genes were 6 highly; only papC (P fimbrial adhesin) was low. Genes of iron metabolism were different. Genes – sitA, fyuA, ireA in strong isolates producing biofilm and feoB, irp2, iroN in weak producers were most represented. The results show possible relation between presence virulence factor and low biofilm formation.
The bio-flavanoid concentrate of Vitis vinifera L. ‘Red Aladasturi’
Authors: Kopaliani Roland , Gvinianidze Temur , Jabnidze Rezo
Published: May 2020

This paper dwells on the uvological characteristics of cultivar Vitis vinifera L. ‘Red Aladasturi’ grape raw materials growing in the viticulture and winemaking zone of Imereti (Georgia), as well as biologically active compounds and antioxidant activity of hydrophilic extracts and liquid concentrates of its solid matters (stone and skin). Research also covered hydrophilic extracts of grape skin and stone thickened by the vacuum of ‘Red Aladasturi’ grapes raw materials, as well as the concentrates produced from their composition. For research, there were used gravimetric, extractive, spectral and chromatographic methods. We processed samples of grapes raw materials according to the following pattern: identifying qualitative indicators of grapes raw materials; passing grapes raw materials through the DMCSI-type grape clustercomb divider; pressing-out the combless must in a basket press and separation of juice; vacuum sublimation drying of juiceless sweet pomace with an initial moisture content of 45–65% to a final moisture content of 9–10%; separation of the ‘Red Aladasturi’ cultivar’s skin and stone dried to the moisture content of 9–10%, using tea sorting machine designed by G. Lominadze; crushing separately the skin and stone in a micro-mill (TP2 Hammer Mill) until the fraction of 50–100 µm. we have blended the obtained grape-stone ethanol and fluid extracts containing 74–75% of solid maters at an equal ratio (1:1:1) and assessed biologically active compounds and antioxidant activity in this composition. It has been established that the bio-flavanoid liquid concentrate ‘Red Aladasturi’ is strong antioxidant  (55.31–57.45%), and one tablespoon or 8–9 ml of it contains 110–127 mg of flavanoids, which is 105–110% of a full day of rations per person per day.
The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.)
Authors: Mazur Aleksandra
Published: May 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the role of the seed coat in the presence of aqueous extracts from Stellaria media (L.) Vill. on germination and early growth stages of bean seeds Phaseolus vulgaris L. Dry shoots of the chickweed aqueous extracts were prepared, with which the bean seeds with coat and without coat were treated. The control group was seeds watered only with distilled water. After 7 days of the experiment, seed germination parameters, seed germination rate (SE), seed vitality index (SVI), seedling growth inhibition index (IP), fresh and dry mass values and percentage water content were determined. The experiment showed the germination capacity of bean seeds was varied, in relation to seeds from the control. With increasing concentrations of extracts, a significant reduction in the seed germination rate was observed, both for those with seed coat and without seed coat. The seed vitality index increased only in seeds with coat, and decreased in each of the applied concentrations of extracts in seeds without seed coat. The seedling growth inhibition index reached negative values in both groups of seeds tested only at a concentration of 5%. In comparison to the control, IP was positive for seedlings watered with 15% extracts. For P. vulgaris seedlings grown on 5% of extracts the highest increase in the fresh mass was observed, in relation to the value of control mass. For seedlings grown from seeds with seed coat the diferences in the dry mass values primarily were noted. The percentage of water content in bean seedlings varied depending on the group of seeds studied and the concentration of allelopathic substances in the chickweed aqueous extracts. The examined indexes of seed germination and seedling growth showed that in the case of P. vulgaris seeds without seed coat. The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.) were more sensitive to aqueous extracts from dry shoots of S. media. Compared to the control group, in low concentrations of allelopathic substances the seeds germinated similarly to the distilled water, and at higher concentrations, the seeds germination, the seedlings growth and fresh and dry mass values were inhibited.
COESÃO DE GRUPO NO BASQUETEBOL: OLHARES NAS CATEGORIAS DE BASE
Authors: Xavier Guilherme Henrique Cordeiro , Sousa Bruna Maria Genuíno , Alvarenga Douglas Versuti Arantes , Garcia Rosana Lopes da Silva , Machado Afonso Antonio , Tertuliano Ivan Wallan
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o nível de coesão de grupo em atletas de Basquetebol de categorias de base, comparando os níveis de coesão de grupo no início (abril de 2018) e no final (novembro de 2018) da temporada. Participaram do estudo 26 atletas com idade entre 13 e 15 anos. O instrumento utilizado foi o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo – QEG. Os resultados demonstraram que os atletas de Basquetebol investigados apresentaram elevados escores nas dimensões relacionadas à tarefa, com maiores escores para dimensão AI-T (Atração Individual para o Grupo-Tarefa), independentemente da análise ser no início ou no final da temporada. Assim, pode-se considerar que os atletas investigados neste estudo apresentaram coesão em prol da tarefa, o que é considerado adequado para o desempenho esportivo.
Using RAPD markers for genetic analysis in Three Species of Datura in Iraq
Authors: Amir Altiaee Lubna , H ALassi Akeel , A. Zahwan Thammer
Published: May 2020

The study amis to develop the evidence genetic of active substances for several kinds of the Datura plant (Datura sp.), So it was procedure steps to isolated the Genomic DNA from leaf of Datura specis    it is (Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Datura stramonium).(
 Has been used 51 primers in the experiments of the RAPD markers, but did not show 17 primers including any amplified band while showed in genomic in Datura plants, and 34 primers show results Differentiated locations where all the primers gave a differentiated binds Polymorphic band These results have been invested to study genetic variability among the species involved in study.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.165
Fabrication and study of the structural and spectral properties of the composites (y) Mn0.6 Zn0.4 Fe2O4 + (1-y) PZT prepared by the powder technology method
Authors: K. Jasem1 Ismaeal , Fawzi Abdul-Aziz2 Abdul-Samee , Malallah Ibrahim1 Nibras
Published: May 2020

Ferrite-ferroelectric composites holds following chemical formula (y) Mn0.6 Zn0.4 Fe2O4 + (1-y) PZT with different weight rations (y=0.15, 0.30 and 0.45) are prepared by the powder technology method at annealing temperature (1000 °C) for (12hrs). The structural properties are also studied representing by the lattice constants (a, c), particle size (Dt), apparent density (ρa), and X-ray density (ρx). It has been shown that increasing the concentration of the ferrite phase contributes to an increase in the lattice constant, apparent density and X-ray density which in turn contribute in decreasing porosity that plays a role in improving the physical properties of the samples as well as the weight ratios of the mixture after the final sintering with reference to x-ray diffraction technique. In addition, the spectral properties were also studied represented by the vibration force constant and regions of optical absorption in terms of IR technique.  
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.174
A Case Study of Snapshot Replication and Transfer of Data in Distributed Databases
Authors: Hamad Thalij Saadi , Hakkoymaz Veli
Published: May 2020

The database replication refers to distributing a database among multiple locations. There are three kinds of database replication system: snapshot, transactional and merge. The snapshot replication refers to the fragment of database items and distributing them to multi databases at once. An important goal in this paper is to experiment with a distributed database study the snapshot replication and examine the issues associated with it. In this work, the data from another database is used to increase availability and flexibility as well as provide the information exchange between databases. In this process, the data is infrequently updated at specified periods by copying and changing the data from the original database towards the subscriber database. The work of agents in this technology will do the most of the work to achieve the stated goal. The experimental results show that at both vertical and horizontal fragmentation, the proposed approach of replicating distributed database is efficient and the performance is significantly improved in terms of data transfer time, load sharing and update of database fragmentation. Hence the snapshot replication system is much schedulable and protective replication in business markets.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.177
Arduino – Based Electronic Voting Machine
Authors: Al-jawaherry Marwa Adeeb
Published: May 2020

The main objective of this paper is to design and implement Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) using fingerprint sensor for authentication. The design is based on the microcontroller (Arduino Mega 2560), fingerprint sensor for scanning voter’s fingerprint before voting, “2.4” TFT LCD screen for displaying the instructions and voter information, Buzzer, SD card reader. System database comprising password ID for all voters and fingerprint are stored in microcontroller for comparing and verification during polling. If already voter casted his vote and he/she trying to enter for second time into the electronic voting machine, then buzzer will alert the master user. The proposed Electronic Voting Machine will save the time and effort of voters as it is characterized by reliability and ease of use in addition to rapid response to users. At the end of the ballot, the result will be stored in flash memory through which the master user can retrieve and see them. During the construction of any electronic voting system, several aspects must consider, the most important is the privacy of voters and the accuracy of the voting process in addition to maintaining the security of data, this research provides a safe and reliable voting system.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.178
Antibacterial Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Juglans regia L. stem bark and Inner Stratum of Oak Fruit (Jaft) on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection
Authors: Azeez Khalid1 Sarwa , A. Jaafar2 Nihad
Published: May 2020

Staphylococcus aureus can cause a wide spectrum of infections ranging from wound infections to life threatening systemic illnesses. These bacteria have multi drug resistance and can be difficult to treat. This study included a total of 20 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection, identification of Staphylococcus aureus  was based on growth on manitol salt agar, DNase test, coagulase test. Alcoholic extract of inner stratum of Oak (Jaft) and stem bark of Juglans regia L. were tested for the activity against this bacterium by determination the Minimum Inhibitbitory Concentration (MIC). The results showed that both Jaft and Juglans regia L. stem bark  extract have effect against Staphylococcus aureus ,the values of MIC of Jaft extract against isolates ranged between o.39 -12.5mg/ml with average of 3.9 mg/ml, and the values of MIC of Juglans regia L. stem bark ranged between 0.39-12.5mg/ml with average  of 6.3 mg/ml.
This study aimed to know the effect of alcoholic extract of inner stratum of oak (Jaft) and stem bark of Juglans regia L. on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the wound infection by using MIC method.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.025
Synthesis and Study of some Heterocyclic Compounds from Schiff Base of Pinacolone
Authors: Ahmad N.G. , . Aziz H.S , Th. Sedeek G.
Published: May 2020

In this work, the synthesis of some heterocyclic compound of four, five and seven membered rings were done. On oxidation of the pinacole alcohol using concentrated sulphuric acid pinacolone were obtained and used as a precursor for the synthesis of three new Schiffs base through the reaction with para substituted anilines compounds. These imines were allowed to react with chloroacetyl chloride in dry dioxane to give the azetadine -2- one compounds. Also some thiazoldinone compounds were synthesized from the reaction of the corresponding imines with thioglycolic acid in the presence of zinc chloride in dry benzene and 1, 3-oxazepine-4,7-diones, were obtained from the reaction of imines with maleic and phythalic anhydries in dry benzene. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR spectroscopy and physical paramrters. 
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.031
Development and In Vitro Evaluation of Buccal Effervescent Tablet Containing Ropinirole Hydrochloride
Authors: Smail Shahla S. , Ibrahim Naz J. , Hussein Nozad R.
Published: May 2020

The buccal delivery is an attractive route to improve the clinical efficacy of ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for the treatment of Parkinson and restless syndrome since this drug undergoes extensive first-pass effect, which has only 50% bioavailability after oral administration. The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize the formulation of fast disintegrating buccal effervescent tablets of RH using four types of superdisintegrants. The direct compression method was used to develop four different formulas containing RH using Kyron T-314, crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, and sodium starch glycolate separately as a superdisintegrant. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid were added to the formulations to produce effervescence, while sodium carbonate was used as a pH adjusting agent. All the prepared formulas were evaluated, in terms of weight variation, friability, content dose uniformity, hardness, disintegration, and dissolution test. The best formulation was selected for the subsequent study. The obtained results from pre-compression studies were in acceptable range according to British Pharmacopoeia. All formulas passed through the quality control test and significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed for the formula four compared to other formulas, due to the presence of Kyron T-314 as a superdisintegrant in formulation number 4. RH cloud be prepared as a buccal effervescent tablet and superdisintegrant provide fast disintegration of the tablet to exert rapid action.
Estimation of Complement Components (C3 and C4) and hs-CRP Level in Kidney Failure Patients
Authors: Elia Zaid N. , Mustafa Nisreen W.
Published: May 2020

Several kidney diseases associated with complement activation. Complement activation occurs in progressive chronic kidney disease and may contribute to the chronic inflammation that is characteristically found in the kidney. This study was aimed to detect the level of complement system in kidney failure patients. This study was included (30) patients with renal failure and (15) healthy donors as control group. Serum samples separated from the whole blood of patients and healthy individuals. C3, C4, and high sensitive C- reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were estimated for all samples. The results were analyzed according to patients who were dialysis, non-dialysis, with diabetes, without diabetes, with high blood pressure, and without high blood pressure. The results showed that there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in C3 level for patients with renal failure (154.12 mg/dl) compared to control group (126.08 mg/dl) while C4 level for renal failure patients (35.38 mg/dl) showed no significant change compared to control group (36.26 mg/dl). However, C3 level of patients under dialysis (152.15 mg/dl), not dialysis (162.01 mg/dl), with diabetic (155.80 mg/dl), and without diabetic (153 mg/dl) recorded significant elevation compared with control group (126.08 mg/dl) but C4 level did not show any significant change for all groups. C3 and C4 concentrations did not record significant alteration (P < 0.05) in patient with hypertension, nonhypertension, and control group. Moreover, seropositivity of CRP for patients with renal failure was ranged from 33.33% to 60% in all patients groups included in this study. hsCRP concentration significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in under dialysis (1.787 mg/L), nondialysis (1.583 mg/L), with diabetic (2.766 mg/L), nondiabetic (1.066 mg/L), with hypertension (1.84 mg/L), and nonhypertension (1.26 mg/L) when compared with control group (0.667 mg/L). The present findings suggest that the increased serum levels of C3, C4, and hs-CRP reflect the of kidney injury. Hence, this reflects the complement system as an important mediator of kidney injury and the role of anti-complement therapy in nephropathy will expand in the future.
STAJYER DOKTORLARA TIP EĞİTİMİ DİKEY ENTEGRASYONU KAPSAMINDA VERİLEN TIBBİ MİKROBİYOLOJİ EĞİTİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: MAÇİN Salih , SAMADZADE Rugıyya , FINDIK Duygu
Published: May 2020

Giriş: Entegre eğitim modelinde, bütünleyici tıp yaklaşımı esas alınır ve temel bilimler ile klinikbilimler birlikte öğretilir. Tıp eğitimindeki dikey entegrasyon kapsamında bazı klinik stajlarda(Dahiliye, Enfeksion hastalıkları) Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji eğitimi verilmektedir. Amaç: Yapılananket çalışmayla, dikey entegrasyon kapsamında verilen Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji eğitiminindeğerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji eğitimin yararlığınıtespit etmek ve diğer klinik stajlarda da gerekliliğini araştırmak için 4. 5. ve 6. sınıfta eğitimgören stajyer doktorlara anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Yapılan anket çalışmasına 100'ü (%50) 4.sınıf, 60'ı (%30) 5. sınıf, 40'ı (%20) 6. Sınıf olmak üzere toplam 200 tıp öğrencisi dahil edilmiştir.Bulgular: "Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji eğitimi, yeterince bilgilendirici" ifadesine öğrencilerin %43’ükatılıyorum veya kesinlikle katılıyorum şeklinde cevap vermişken sadece %26.5’i katılmıyorumveya kesinlikle katılmıyorum demiştir. “Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji eğitimi, hastaya klinik yaklaşımımaolumlu katkı sağladı” ifadesine öğrencilerin %44.5’i katılıyorum veya kesinlikle katılıyorumşeklinde cevap vermişken %27.5’i katılmıyorum veya kesinlikle katılmıyorum demiştir.Öğrencilerin %47’si Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji eğitiminin başka stajlara da eklenmesi gerektiğini ifadeetmiştir. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Öğrencilerin %74’ü Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji ile ilgili konuların, TıbbiMikrobiyoloji öğretim üyeleri tarafından verilmesi gerektiğini bildirmişlerdir. Geri bildirimlersonucunda, mikrobiyoloji ile ilgili konuların Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji öğretim üyeleri tarafından stajöncesi verilmesinin faydalı olacağı ve diğer ilgili stajlara da mikrobiyoloji eğitiminin eklenmesigerektiği yönünde bir kanıya varılmıştır.
PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASILBELAJAR MATEMATIKAUNTUK SISWA KELAS XII MIPA 1 SMA NEGERI 1 BANGKINANG KOTA
Authors: Ramdani, S.Pd Ramdani, S.Pd
Published: May 2020

Classroom action research has been done in SMA Negeri 1 Bangkinang Kota in Mathematics subjects with research object of XII class MIPA 1 students in odd semester of academic year 2015/2016. This research is conducted as an effort to improve the learning result of Mathematics. The Numbered Heads Together (NHT) learning model is chosen to be applied after the observation and reflection done by the researcher. The researcher plans the action based on the observation and reflection that has been done through the compilation of learning tools based on the learning of Numbered Heads Together (NHT) consisting of test questions (repetition), observation sheet and lesson plan and other supporting learning tools. The Numbered Heads Together (NHT) learning model consists of 3 main stages: asking students to create a group of 4 members given head number 1, 2, 3, and 4. Then the question is asked to the group. The group worked together to answer the question so that all members got a turn to answer the question. This study can be completed in 2 cycles 4 meetings and two daily replications. The result of the research is the observation and recapitulation data of the test result and the completeness of the learning recapitulation showed that there has been an increase of positive student learning activity in the classroom and the increase of test average (repetition) and the increase of classical completeness from cycle 1 to cycle 2. Student activity during the process learning is observed by observers as data for evaluation and reflection. Average recapitulation of test (repetition) and learning completeness obtained from daily test value I and daily test II. Based on the result of this research, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) learning model in class XII MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Bangkinang Kota can improve the learning result of Mathematics subjects which is indicated by the average of test (repetition) and classical completeness in every cycle.
PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMEN (TGT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM( PAI ) SISWA KELAS XI IPS 3 SMA NEGERI 1 SALO
Authors: Hazmiati, M.Pd.I Hazmiati, M.Pd.I
Published: May 2020

Classroom action research has been carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Salo in the subjects of Islamic Religion Education (PAI) with the object of research of class XI IPS 3 students in odd semester 2016/2017. This research was conducted in an effort to improve the PAI learning outcomes for students of class XI IPS 3. Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model was chosen to be applied after going through the results of observation and reflection conducted by researchers. Researchers plan actions based on the results of observations and reflections that have been made through the preparation of learning-based learning tools Teams Games Tournament (TGT) which consists of test questions, observation sheets and learning plans and other supporting learning tools. Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model consists of 3 main stages: knowing the material, working on the activity sheet, and playing academic games. This research can be completed in 2 cycles of 6 meetings and post tests at the end of each meeting. The results of the study which are observational data and recapitulation of results and recapitulation of learning completeness shows that there has been an increase in positive student learning activities in the classroom and an increase in the mean of the test and an increase in classical completeness of cycle 1 with cycle 2. The average pre-action score is 42.72 (enough) The average value in cycle 1 is 51.84 (enough). The average score in cycle 2 was 76.16 (good). The activity of students during the learning process was observed by observers as data for evaluation and reflection. The recapitulation of the average test and the completeness of the study was obtained from the post test scores of cycles I and II. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Tams Games Tournament (TGT) strategy in class XI IPS 3 of SMA Negeri 1 Salo is able to improve the learning outcomes of PAI subjects (Islamic Education) as indicated by the average test and classical completeness in each cycle.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR AKUNTANSI BERBASIS KOMPUTER PADA MATERI BUKU BESAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN AKUNTANSI KELAS X DI SMK YAPIM SIAK HULU
Authors: Suyono Akhmad
Published: May 2020

The objectives of this research are: (1) to find out the process of developing accounting teaching media in the form of interactive CDs with Lectora Inspire Portable® accounting subjects in general ledger material. (2) To find out the feasibility of accounting instructional media in the form of interactive CDs with the Lectora Inspire Portable® accounting software in general ledger material. This type of research is research and development. The development model used is the Borg & Gall model which starts from the potential and problem stages to strengthen the potential and problems to be studied, the second stage is collecting information by observing school, the third stage is product design that is done in determining SK & KD, indicator, determine teaching materials and will produce a flowchart and storry board, Lectora Inspire Portable®, the fourth stage is design validation from Material Experts and Learning Practitioners with 82% and 96% revision in Phase I, and Media Experts generate 92% and 96% in the revision phase I, and continued with a small-scale trial conducted with 7 students, and continued to a large-scale trial conducted on 15 students who had different abilities, and continued with the making of products for data analysis and obtained the final product of accounting teaching materials in the form of interactive CDs. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, the results of this study are the availability of valid accounting instructional media through the validity stage and proven feasibility through the trial phase.
PROFIL LABORATORIUM IPA/BIOLOGI DAN KOMPETENSI GURU PENGELOLA LABORATORIUM SMA SWASTA DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Rahmi Laili
Published: May 2020

The study was conducted with the aim of wanting to find out the biology laboratory profiles in high schools, especially private. Research was carried out on private high schools in the city of Pekanbaru T.A 2016/2017, as the research sample was carried out in a random way. This research method was using surveys, documentation and observation. The research instrument used in this study was documentation guidelines for knowing the Biology Science lab in high school. The results of the data analyzed descriptively regarding the Profile of the Biological Science Laboratory of SMAS in Pekanbaru showed that the Biology Science laboratory conditions were undergraduate and S4 in 89.4% (Very good), and each indicator observed at the time of observation showed good laboratory conditions.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK MENGGUNAKAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF TIPE GUIDED NOTE TALKING PADA MATERI PERUSAHAAN DAGANG DI KELAS XII IPS 1 SMA NEGERI 2 PEKANBARU
Authors: Angreta Angreta
Published: May 2020

Teaching the learning materials of trading companies the author found that only a few students were active in expressing their opinions, as well as asking questions. Students are even passive, reluctant to ask the teacher if they do not understand the material being taught, unfocused and sleepy when the learning takes place so that the learning outcomes obtained by students on the subject of trading companies are on average 78. Students who complete only about 10 students and 24 students did not complete, while the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) were determined 82. To overcome the problem of lack of attention and activeness of students, the authors tried to apply Using the Guided Note Talking Type Active Learning Strategy to the Material of Trading Companies. This type of research is classroom action research. As for the object of this research are students of class XII IPS 1 Pekanbaru 2 High School. The method of data collection in this study used tests, observation and documentation. The research instrument is a formative test. The results showed an increase in accounting learning outcomes of students of class XII IPS 1 Pekanbaru 2 High School, amounting to 34 students. The application of active Guided Note Talking learning strategies can improve student learning activities. Where the teaching and learning process can be carried out pleasantly so that students can be motivated to learn. The application of active Guided Note Talking learning strategies can improve student learning outcomes with a percentage of the first cycle of 50%, and a second cycle of 85.29%, and the average learning value of students in cycle I 84.38 and cycle II 90.5.Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Economics, Accounting, Talking Guided Note Type Active Learning Strategies
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU UNTUK MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK KEPALA SEKOLAH SD NEGERI 63 PEKANBARU
Authors: Asnawati Asnawati
Published: May 2020

This study aims to help improve the competency of 63 Pekanbaru Elementary School teachers in the field of operating media in the learning process so that students are able to achieve minimum completeness criteria. As the subject in this study, elementary school teachers were horrified by 63 new sensitivities, totaling 13 people. The formulation of the problem in research I is whether the ability to use instructional media by teachers of SD 63 Pekanbaru can be improved through the academic supervision of the principal ?. The technique of data collection is done by filling in the observation sheet during the research action process by the supervisor so that qualitative data will be obtained as a result of research with performance indicators said to be successful if the average score is ≥75. The results of the study in cycle 1 obtained a percentage with a percentage score of 73% with a fairly good classification in the classification range (71–80). In the second cycle the percentage of success was obtained with a percentage score of 85% with a good classification in the classification range (81-90). Reflections on cycle 2 activities were successful because 85 were above the performance indicator> 75. The increase in understanding of the use of learning media from cycle I to cycle II. Weaknesses in the first cycle after being corrected in cycle II and reached a perfect level so that it can improve satisfactory results with good classification. Thus through academic supervision by the principal can improve the ability of teachers in understanding and using learning media in the SDN 063 Pekanbaru school "accepted".Keywords: Learning Media, Academic Supervision of Principals.
PENANAMAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DISIPLIN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Annisa Fadillah
Published: May 2020

This study aims to describe the implementation of disciplinary character education in elementary schools and is expected to be able to find policies that support the success of character education. This type of research uses a qualitative approach. The study was conducted at SDN 29 Lubuk Alung, with the subject of principals, teachers, and students. Data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data validity checking technique used is the triangulation technique. The results showed that in carrying out disciplinary character education at SDN 29 Lubuk Alung through six policies, namely (1) making character education programs, (2) establishing school rules and class rules, (3) doing Dhuha prayer and Dhuhur prayer in congregation, ( 4) making affective posts in each class, (5) monitoring the discipline behavior of students at home through a daily activity logbook, (6) involving parents (7) involving the school committee.Keywords: Discipline Character Education, Elementary School
Flawed methods in “COVID-19: Attacks the 1-Beta Chain of Hemoglobin and Captures the Porphyrin to Inhibit Human Heme Metabolism”
Authors: Read Randy
Published: May 2020

This is a critical commentary on an earlier submission by Liu and Li. The preprint from Liu & Li (https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11938173.v7) puts forward hypotheses about a proposed role for proteins of SARS-CoV-2, the virus associated with Covid-19, in directly attacking haemoglobin in patients’ blood. Arguments for the hypotheses are based on computational methods: bioinformatics calculations searching for evidence that viral proteins share functional domains related to haem binding with human proteins, molecular modeling of viral proteins, and computational docking of these protein models with models of haem, porphyrin and haemoglobin. No experimental evidence is provided to support any of the conclusions. When interpreted according to accepted standards, these computational results do not hold up and do not provide support for the hypotheses. The interpretation of the search for shared functional domains suffers from a fundamental error in how the significance of the results is judged; when interpreted correctly, there is no evidence for these shared functional domains. Molecular modeling is carried out with tools that are easy to use but not best-in-class, and no allowance is made for uncertainty in the resulting atomic coordinates. Finally, the docking results are invalidated by a catastrophic error in their interpretation: the authors choose the docking trials that have the highest energies, whereas the most stable complexes are actually the ones that have the lowest energies and are therefore least strained. An addendum addresses flaws in a new version 8 from Liu & Li (https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11938173.v8), which retracts most of their results from earlier versions but nonetheless continues to put forward the same conclusions on the basis of poorly-controlled docking calculations.
Treatments and Prophylactics for a Global Emergency Alert: COVID 19 using Allopathic and Indian Phytomedicine
Authors: Aravindhanathan Venkatesan  , Sudhakar Kothandan  , Arun Radhakrishnan  , Gowthamarajan Kuppuswamy  , Dhanabal Palanisamy  , Balasubramanian Somanathan  , Suresh Bhojraj
Published: May 2020

SARS CoV 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome novel corona virus-2) to which the world paid the complete attention to face the Global Emergency Alert. COVID 19 was first identified in Wuhan, province in China on December, 2020. The virus was originated from the Bats and transmitted through other intermediary animals. There are around 12.7 lakhs reported cases and more than 69.4 thousands deaths (06/04/2020) which pave the way for having the health crises in the entire world’s population. The governing bodies of the various countries are quarantining their people to avoid the various stages of CoV spreading. Compared to the SARS CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and MERS CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus), the fatality rate was lower. But it provides the major impacts on elder population (fatality rate more than 40-50 %). Normal/ low white cell counts with elevated CRP (C-reactive protein ) severs as the laboratory findings for the SARS CoV 2 with the symptoms of cough, sneeze, difficulties in breathing and fever followed by ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome) and multi organ dysfunction. By complete understanding of CoV 2 Pathogenesis, presently many drugs are repositioning to completely eradicate the COVID 19. So many drugs are under clinical trials in which the Hydroxychloroquine produces the greater effects on SARS CoV. Likewise many drugs are subjected to this mega clinical trial by repositioning the drugs.  AYUSH recommends some of the prophylactics and dietary supplements for the COVID 19. This global emergency was not only for the researchers but also all professionals and their impact to the world’s developed and developing countries still unknown.
Tort Victim’s Ability To Profit From The Proceeds Of Insolvent Tortfeasor’s Liability Insurance
Authors: Mandela Yasser , Yoga I Ketut Dharma Putra
Published: May 2020

This article describes and examines whether the tort victim can profit from the proceeds of the tortfeasor’s liability insurance. This article aims to reflect on which approach, either in common or civil law, provides more access for the tort victim to profits from the proceeds of insolvent tortfeasor’s liability insurance policy. The method used in this research is comparative research. The result of this research showed that the status of insurance proceeds becomes debatable because the tort victim (as the claimant) will have no better rights than any other unsecured creditors during insolvency proceedings. This is regardless of the fact that the tortfeasor already got a fund, albeit indirectly through the insurer, to compensate the tort victim’s losses. In relation to this issue, the United Kingdom has adopted the Third Parties (Rights against Insurers) Act 2010 which gives right for tort victim to directly claim for compensation against tortfeasor’s liability insurer in the event of tortfeasor’s insolvency. Meanwhile, the Indonesian legal system provides no clear legal protection to the tort victim. Thus, in the event of insolvency, the tort victim cannot obtain compensation from the insurer, but only from tortfeasor’s bankruptcy estate as part of creditors’ debts. Furthermore, as an unsecured creditor, the tort victim will obtain the debtor’s bankruptcy estate after all secured creditors have received their payment.
Pokok-Pokok Pikiran Mengenai Pembangunan Kemandirian Industri Pertahanan Indonesia Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2012 Tentang Industri Pertahanan
Authors: Susdarwono Endro Tri
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini membahas mengenai deskripsi pokok-pokok pikiran mengenai pembangunan kemandirian industri pertahanan Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, tipe penelitiannya menggunakan kajian komprehensif analitis dan pendekatannya normatif analitis. Undang-undang industri pertahanan mengatur bahwa industri pertahanan terdiri atas industri alat utama, industri komponen utama dan penunjang, industri komponen dan pendukung (perbekalan), serta industri bahan baku. Dari awal, pemerintah sudah mengatur bahwa BUMN pertahanan menjadi industri alat utama sekaligus pemandu utama (lead integrator) yang menghasilkan alat utama sistem senjata dan/atau mengintegrasikan semua komponen utama, komponen, dan bahan baku menjadi alat utama. Pertahanan Indonesia memerlukan kebijakan yang lebih progresif untuk mengejar ketertinggalan dalam penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (iptek) bidang pertahanan, serta dalam rangka mewujudkan kemandirian Industri Pertahanan (Indhan). Kemandirian industri pertahanan sangat bergantung pada tiga pilar pelaku iptek, yaitu perguruan tinggi dan Lembaga Litbang, industri, dan user (TNI sebagai pengguna). Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah  merumuskan kebijakan terpadu bidang iptek dan industri pertahanan yang diarahkan pada kebutuhan industri pertahanan. Pokok-pokok pikiran mengenai pembangunan kemandirian industri pertahanan Indonesia  meliputi: pembentukan dan penguatan KKIP (Komite Kebijakan Industri Pertahanan), pembinaan industri utama dan pendukung, pendanaan industri pertahanan, mandiri dalam membuat/memproduksi, peningkatan kemampuan dan penguasaan teknologi industri pertahanan lewat sistem nasional, Research and development (R & D), kekuatan pertahanan minimum / Minimum Essential Force (MEF) dan Industri Pertahanan.