bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of early postmortem changes in Sus scrofa domestica models in the Savannah Region of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Ikpa J.O. , Umana U.E. , Timbuak J.A. , Tanko M.
Published: January 2025

Post-mortem changes could be separated into early post-mortem changes which include algor mortis, rigor mortis, and livor mortis, and late stages of decomposition characterized by putrefaction. There is limited understanding of how the interplay between body size, mode of death, and depositional environment influences the early postmortem changes in cadavers. Therefore, this study was aimed at comparing early post-mortem changes using Sus scrofa domestica models based on body size, mode of death, and depositional environment. Twelve white male pigs, divided into juvenile (20-25 kg, ±4 months) and adult (45-50 kg, ±8 months) groups, were sacrificed using three modes of death: poisoning, sharp force trauma, and blunt force trauma, and placed in cages and suspended by ropes. Observations, including daily visible decomposition changes, climatic data, temperature changes, and Total Body Score (TBS), were recorded over 8 days. Line graphs and bar charts were used to determine the relationship between decomposition and the independent variables, which include atmospheric temperature, humidity, wind speed and duration of decomposition. Findings from the study showed that factors such as weight or size of the carcass affects the rate of decomposition as well as other early post mortem changes. Although there are extensive forensic taphonomic studies conducted to study how different variables affecting decomposition process, the correlation between different factors is yet to be uncovered in detail.
An overview of one health concept and preventable outbreaks
Authors: Danzomo Abba Ahmed , Ibrahim Sule Adamu , Ibrahim Usman Muhammad , Akyala Adamu Ishaku
Published: January 2025

Emerging and re-emerging diseases are the major public health challenges that are currently leading in terms of outbreaks of preventable diseases. These diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, unfortunately, a key strategic intervention of one health is not receiving the desired attention, due to the paucity of knowledge and practice of the concept. Similarly, limited studies were conducted on one health. This paper is a narrative review of one health concept and preventable outbreaks. The outbreaks of communicable diseases linked to humans and animals in most cases extend to involve other countries beyond the source due to trade, travel, and tourism resulting in pandemics and in some cases Public Health Emergencies of International concern. One health strategy was identified as an important approach for partners and critical stakeholders’ engagement, collaboration and coordination to ensure prevention, early detection, and prompt management of potential outbreaks of diseases that could emerge along human, animal and environmental interfaces. The detection and response entails quality surveillance for diseases among humans and animals, ensuring availability of outbreak preparedness and response plan, providing and maintaining an environment free from infectious diseases for both humans and animals, and promptly responding to suspected outbreaks of diseases among humans and animals.
Study of the changes in the structural and thermochemical behaviour of Nigerian de-oiled physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) seed kernel
Authors: Lateef Fatai Abiola , Ogunsuyi Helen Olayinka , Adetuyi Abayomi Olagundoye , Satyavolu Jagannadh
Published: January 2025

Biobriquettes are a type of biofuel made from compressed organic waste materials such as agricultural residues, that are used for cooking, heating, and electricity generation. In this work, raw, hydrolysed (acid and alkali) and torrefied Jatropha curcas L de-oiled seed kernel were subjected to elemental, thermal, higher heating value (HHV), surface functional chemical groups (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pulverized de-oiled J. curcas L. kernel (DJSK) was transformed to torrefied biomass through torrefaction within a temperature range of 200-300 ℃ under nitrogen ambience for 30 min. duration of residence. The atomic O/C and H/C ratios of the raw DJSK, torrefied raw DJSK, torrefied acid-hydrolysed DJSK and torrefied alkali-hydrolysed DJSK biomasses at 300 ℃ were 0.83, 0.12, 0.13, 0.13 and 0.16, 0.10, 0.07 and 0.07 wt % respectively. A decrease in O/C and H/C ratios were observed in the raw and pretreated biomass samples, upon torrefaction, which may be due to torrefaction temperature. Elemental analysis of the raw and pretreated biomass samples shows that at the second weight loss step, volatilization and burning of the volatiles occur between 150 ℃ and 500 ℃, with a cellulose and lignin loses. The second stage pyrolysis is indicated as 332.4774 and 396.0412 wt % for DJSK. Increase in HHV were observed on both raw and hydrolysed samples as temperature rises from 200-300 ℃. For the raw DJSK, the HHV were enhanced by factors of 1.00, 1.17 and 1.46 at 200, 250 and 300 ℃ and the same observation was detected in acid and alkali- hydrolysed samples. The spectra of the raw, acid and alkali- hydrolysed samples were similar. The stretching of the hydroxyl group, H-bonded (OH stretch) extended between 3200 and 3570 cm-1. The absorption peaks at 2800 to 3000 cm-1 were allocated to Aliphatic C-H stretching in all DJSK samples and much more. The micrographs (via SEM) of the DJSK failed to exhibit any fiber-like compositions (woody biomass).
Physicochemical characteristic, molecular characterization of bacteria and fungi isolates found in the Nile Stream, Abuja Nigeria.
Authors: Ibrahim U.F. , Ndanusa A.H. , Ibrahim A.A. , Ibrahim M.I. , Shuaibu S. , Olokpo S.O. , Mohammed Y.M.
Published: January 2025

Increasing human population coupled with urbanization, industrialization and agricultural activities have led to significant pressure on freshwater resources globally. This study was carried out to characterize the bacteria and fungi from water samples collected from Nile stream, Abuja Nigeria. The water samples were collected from two sampling stations and were analysed using standard methods and procedures. The results of the physicochemical parameters showed temperature, resistance, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, salinity and nitrate record highest in station A, while pH and sulphate record highest in sampling station B. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between all the measured physicochemical parameters except resistance and nitrate which showed significant difference (p<0.05) between the sampling stations. Lowest mean colony count was recorded (1.54 × 10-3 CFU/mL) in station B and highest mean colony was recorded (1.60 × 10-3 CFU/mL) in sampling station A. A total of four bacteria (Enterobacter hormaechei, Enterobacter sp., Salmonella sp. and Bacillus safensis) and three fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum) were identified from the sampled stations of Nile Stream. Most of the observed physicochemical parameters in this study shows an impaired ecological system due to anthropogenic factors and, the presence of these microorganisms in the stream water can pose a health risk to humans.
Diversity of foliar trichomes, trichomes basal insertion cells and cells surrounding the basal insertion cells in family asteraceae
Authors: Arogundade O.O. , Adedeji O. , Ogunlowo I.I.
Published: January 2025

Foliar trichome morphology, trichome basal insertion cells (TBIC) and cells surrounding trichome insertion basal cells (CSTIBC) on the  leaves of fourteen species of family Asteraceae were investigated by light microscopy. TBIC and CSTIBC are the two novel characters   investigated in this work, in search of unique character states that could improve the taxonomy of the family. Epidermal peels were  made  following standard procedure. Data obtained showed that both non-glandular and glandular trichomes were present, the   glandular was observed in the genus Vernonia only. The non-glandular trichomes were unicellular, bicellular, tricellular and multicellular   uniseriate. Shriveled cells within the multicellular uniseriate cells were common in Emilia sonchifolia and Emilia praertermissa and   occurred sparsely in Ageratum conyzoides. Uniquely pigmented multicellular uniseriate trichomes with apical cells shriveled or   transparent delimits Bidens pilosa from the other species studied. Amoeboid shaped multicellular uniseriate trichomes delimit     Chromolaena odorata from the other species, while Tshaped trichomes (regular and irregular) delimit the genus Vernonia from the other   genera studied. Shape and width of apical cells of the trichomes differentiate Vernonia cinerea from Vernonia amygdalina. Surface  of  trichomes in Aspilia africana, Synedrella nodiflora and Eclipta alba are uniquely papillate and diagnostic for the three species. TIBC  have  varying shapes with different combinations of 1-4 shapes per species. It is noteworthy that the two species of Emilia can be  delimited  from each other based on the shapes of the TIBC on the abaxial epidermis. The number of CSTIBC was observed to be the  same on the  adaxial epidermis of the two species of genus Emilia. Shapes of CSTIBC in the species studied are diverse. Coefficient of  Variation for all  the characters studied showed species with more variation within each character. Novel characters, TIBC and CSTIBC,  were found to be  useful as additional tools in the taxonomy of family Asteraceae.
Planting density effect on growth, dry matter accumulation and weed control efficiency of Indigofera hirsuta Linn. in Ibadan Nigeria
Authors: Adelere Y.M. , Awodoyin R.O.
Published: January 2025

A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Garden, Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan,  Nigeria to investigate the effect of planting density on the performance of Indigofera hirsuta and its ability to suppress weeds. Seeds  sown at 1 cm soil depth were spaced at 20 cm inter-row 2 and varying intra-row spacings: 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 cm to have densities 50,  25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.13 plants/m2 , which are equivalent to 500,000, 250,000, 125,000, 62,500 and 31,250 plants/ha, respectively. Plots where  I. hirsuta were not planted served as control. The experiment was conducted in two trials in a randomised complete block design  replicated three times with the five densities and control randomly allocated to plots in each block. The plant height (PH) in cm, stem  diameter (SD) in cm, shoot dry weight (SDW) in kg and weed dry weight in kg were measured at 14 weeks after planting and the  treatments compared using one-way ANOVA. The PH of I. hirsuta at density 50 plants/m (105.0 – first trial and 107.0 – second trial) were  significantly higher than the 2 heights recorded in other test densities. The SD and SDW at density 3.13 plants/m (0.97 cm and 0.38 kg –  first trial; 0.93 cm and 0.38 kg – second trial) were significantly higher than the SD and SDW recorded in other test 2 densities. The weed  dry weight on 50 plants/m plot (0.55 kg and 0.59 kg in the first and second trial, respectively) was significantly lower than those on the  other plots. Indigofera hirsuta proved effective in 2 suppressing other weeds, which increased with increasing density (WCE = 23.37 and  22.51% at 3.13 plants/m ; 2 70.11 and 69.11 at 50 plants/m in the first and second trial, respectively). The weed suppressive ability of    Indigofera hirsuta is attributed to competition for light due to its rapid growth and spreading habit.
The effect of dietary non-protein nitrogen content on the performance of finishing lambs
Authors: Einkamerer O.B. , Ferreira A.V. , Fair M.D. , Hugo A.
Published: January 2025

The effect of increasing non-protein nitrogen content on nutrient digestibility, performance, and carcass characteristics of South African Mutton Merino wether lambs on low-fibre finishing diets containing similar degradable protein was investigated. The production and digestibility studies consisted of 60 and 32 lambs, respectively. Four similar dietary treatments were formulated with different non-protein nitrogen contents (16.6 g/kg, 28.3 g/kg, 40 g/kg and 51.7 g/kg) on a dry matter basis. The production study was conducted over 71 d, and the digestibility study over 7 d. Crude protein digestibility increased with non-protein nitrogen content. Organic matter (40 g/kg and 51.7 g/kg), metabolizable energy content (51.7 g/kg), as well as the digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (40 g/kg) and acid detergent fibre (28.3 g/kg and 51.7 g/kg) also increased with a higher non-protein nitrogen content. A lower non-protein nitrogen content within the 16.6 g/kg and 28.3 g/kg treatments resulted in a higher average daily gain compared to the 51.7 g/kg treatment. Additionally, more effective energy was used for growth compared to treatments with 40 g/kg and 51.7 g/kg non-protein nitrogen. Dietary treatment left most of the carcass characteristics unaffected. In conclusion, a low non-protein nitrogen content of low-fibre lamb finishing diets with similar degradable protein content affected animal performance favourably, despite having an opposite effect on nutrient digestibility.
Broiler response to variable rates of inclusion of calcium and non-phytate phosphorus in feed
Authors: Bayley C.E. , Tyler N.C. , Salisbury F. , Cowieson A.J. , Brouckaert C.J. , Gous R.M.
Published: January 2025

A trial was conducted to investigate the response of broilers to changing levels of calcium and non-phytate phosphorus. A total of 1344 chicks were allocated to 96 cages in a controlled-environment house. Limestone and phosphoric acid were added to a maize–soya basal diet so that six levels of calcium were fed, with four levels of non-phytate phosphorus (nPP) at each. Birds were weighed on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Each week, two birds per pen were killed and tibial ash and breaking strength were determined. Feed intake and bird weight for each pen were measured weekly. Calcium and nonphytate phosphorus had a marked effect on body-weight gain, feed intake, and gain/feed. The poorest performance was recorded for the highest Ca:P and the best at 1.36 g Ca/g nPP (7.5 g Ca and 5.5 g nPP/kg feed). Multiple regression analysis of the weekly measurements showed linear effects on body weight gain of calcium and nPP, a quadratic effect of calcium, and an interaction between calcium and nPP. The same variables influenced tibial breaking strength and ash at 14 and 21 d. Feed intake was influenced by nPP. The negative effects of high calcium on the availability of phosphorus affected bird growth. A digestible phosphorus model that takes account of calcium and nPP in the complete feed is a better predictor of performance than nPP alone. This approach is recommended if calcium and phosphorus in broilers is to be modelled and birds are to be fed more precisely.
Ultrasound scanning figures and lambing rates of merino-type ewes
Authors: Cloete S.W.P. , Geerkens W.H. , Cilliers J.E. , Morris J. , Van Zyl J.H.C. , Brand T.S.
Published: January 2025

This study assessed ultrasound scanning as a proxy for observed reproduction records, quantified the effects of lambing year and ewe age, and estimated repeatability of traits to predict current-flock gains. Data for number of lambs recorded per ewe scanned, lambs born per ewe lambed, and embryonic losses per ewe scanned were available for 2338 Dohne Merino, 1159 SA Mutton Merino (SAMM), and 138 Merino ewes on the Mariendahl experimental farm of Stellenbosch University, with 7652, 3364, and 240 ewe-year records, respectively. Merino records spanned 1990–1992, whereas the other breeds had lambing records for 1990–2016. Scan records indicated that 89.2%–95.8% of ewes scanned pregnant with multiples also lambed multiples. Embryos lost per ewe at lambing were 0.00– 0.05 in all breeds. ASReml was used to fit mixed models to the Dohne and SAMM data. Lambing year and ewe age significantly affected all reproductive traits, except for ewe age effects on embryonic losses. Two-year-old ewes were more likely to be barren than their mature contemporaries, irrespective of breed. Scanning and lambing rates were highly correlated at the ewe level, suggesting that scanning is a good proxy for lambing rate in the absence of full lambing data. Age effects confirmed that an optimal flock structure contributes to a desirable reproductive output. Results indicated that embryonic losses were random and not meaningfully related to fixed or random effects. Moderate repeatability estimates for reproductive traits support low-to-moderate current-flock gains for scanning and lambing rate. Ultrasound scanning may thus be used to optimise reproduction on farms without detailed reproduction records.
Stereotypy i uprzedzenia w zarządzaniu międzykulturowym
Authors: Pabian Aleksander
Published: January 2025

Stereotypes and prejudices are present both in social culture as well as in business. They are particularly visible in multicultural management situations. Therefore, overcoming barriers through a better understanding of the mechanisms that create stereotypes in the professional environment is an important element of modern managerial activity, without which companies cannot develop properly and successfully develop. In this article, the author attempts to contribute to the literature on cross-cultural management by drawing attention to the important aspects that affect the effectiveness of team work in an international work environment. He emphasizes the importance of recognizing and then eliminating stereotypes and prejudices that can lead to discrimination and limit the potential of companies operating in the global market. In his research, the author used the desk research method. A critical analysis of scientific literature was conducted, websites and forums of various companies, social media profiles and blogs were studied as well as the statements of experts and management practitioners were analyzed. In his research, the author adopted a theoretical cognitive perspective, viewing stereotypes as resistant to change and most often false beliefs about people from another group.
Zarządzanie kadrą pedagogiczną. Stereotypy na temat uczniów a kształtowanie kultury organizacyjnej wśród nauczycieli
Authors: Kabus Judyta , Samek-Wojtyla Marlena
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the impact of stereotypes on organizational culture in educational institutions. The research – conducted in June 2024 in Poland, with 100 respondents including teachers, school directors, and parents – was aimed at addressing the research gap concerning the lack of literature linking stereotypes about students with the shaping of organizational culture among teachers. Online surveys were used to collect research material. The results showed a correlation between the stereotypical treatment of students and the shaping of organizational culture in educational institutions. The article suggests that managing organizational culture through training and policies promoting inclusivity can significantly reduce the negative effects of stereotypes in education.
Radio, nowe technologie a media społecznościowe – rozwój, powiązania i aktywność internetowych rozgłośni radiowych w mediach społecznościowych
Authors: Bandoła Weronika
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to give an overview of the changes that have taken place in the radio market in the face of progressive technological changes and the growing role of internet radio, as well as to draw attention to how big a role social media plays in maintaining and expanding the audience. The theoretical part of the article includes a historical outline of the development of radio, which will provide an in-depth understanding of the changes that are currently shaping the situation in the radio market in Poland with a particular focus on internet radio. It also takes up the topic of social media and social networks and the importance of using them in the context of building relationships with the audience. Within the framework of the article, research was carried out using the method of content analysis and a case study, the aim of which is to check how the profiles of selected internet radio stations are conducted in social media.
Polityka migracyjna jako narzędzie wspierania rozwoju regionalnego
Authors: Janicki Wojciech
Published: January 2025

W powszechnym ujęciu najważniejszym celem operacyjnym stawianym przed polityką migracyjną jest zarządzanie strumieniami migracji międzynarodowych w taki sposób, aby osiągnąć cele strategiczne na niwie społecznej, gospodarczej lub politycznej. Przedmiotem takiej polityki, a jednocześnie jej autorem, głównym aktorem i wykonawcą jest państwo. Polska w połowie dekady lat 20. XXI wieku znajduje się w sytuacji głębokiego zapóźnienia, jeśli chodzi o konstruowanie tradycyjnej polityki migracyjnej. Aby wykorzystać rentę zapóźnienia, warto jako jeden z celów polityki migracyjnej wskazać wspieranie rozwoju regionalnego. Polityka ta powinna być ukierunkowania na wzrost najważniejszego z kapitałów rozwojowych – kapitału ludzkiego – a jej kluczowym elementem powinien być system zachęt administracyjnych dla imigrantów nakłaniający ich do zamieszkania w regionach wymagających szczególnego wsparcia.
Utilizing Ca3(PO4)2 and calcium superphosphate fertilizer for the passage of heavy metals in coal gangue: Mechanical insights and efficiency evaluation
Authors: Zhang Hualin , Bai Wenlong , Tian Shaojing , Zhao Mengfei , Yang Youming , Jiang Xiaoliang , Li Tinggang
Published: January 2025

Coal gangue is a typical industrial waste, which will bring environmental challenges and resource depletion when piled up in large quantities, and heavy metal pollution is a prominent problem. In this study, Ca3(PO4)2 and calcium superphosphate fertilizer (CSF) were utilized to passivate coal gangue at different pollution levels, and its passivation mechanism was discussed. The results show that both Ca3(PO4)2 and CSF can effectively passivate coal gangue and effectively reduce moderate or high levels of coal gangue pollution to a slight or clean level. The passivation effect of CSF is slightly better than that of Ca3(PO4)2. Through characterization of coal gangue before and after passivation and simulation with Visual MINTEQ and PHREEQC software, it is found that Ca3(PO4)2 can provide PO32-, while CSF releases HPO3 –, which is ionized to generate more PO32-, and finally forms insoluble or slightly soluble phosphate with heavy metals. Leaching experiments show that the treated samples contain obviously more stable heavy metal components, and the leaching risk is lower than that of untreated coal gangue. In summary, this method proves its effectiveness in fixing heavy metals in coal gangue and provides an effective method for the harmless treatment of coal gangue.
Establishment of diesel oil degrading bacteria compounding system and its migration performance in aquifers
Authors: Gao Chunyang , Wu Huijun , Qu Tongxu , Zhao Jingjing , Du Xianyuan , Zheng Jin , Li Jufeng , Xie Jiacai
Published: January 2025

Bioremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly method to remove diesel oil contaminant from the environment. In this study, six diesel oil-degrading bacteria were isolated and identified from diesel oil-polluted groundwater. The compound bacterial agent was constructed based on antagonistic tests. The target compound bacterial agent NK4/ B29/ C1A showed the highest potential for remediating of 1 g/L diesel pollution groundwater, with a degradation rate of 85.91%. The degradation products had a lower relative content of low molecular semi-volatile organic compounds (C10- C16) compared with their predecessors, presenting a decrease from 79.18% to 0. The results of one-dimensional sand column experiment showed that the injection rate of microbial agents was positively correlated with particle size, while the migration has a better performance under lower ion strength. The increase in ionic strength altered the particle size and electronegativity of the compound bacteria, leading to compression of the double layer and making migration in the aquifer more poor. Additionally, following the injection of a uniformly mixed microbial agent into the aquifer, the phenomenon of bacterial agent separation occurred. The migration ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was stronger than that of Alcaligenes fischeri and Pseudomonas guguanensis in the aquifer.
Relationship Between Clinical Competencies and Nursing Students' Caregiving Role Based on Orem's Self-Care Model
Authors: Karataş Tuğba , Sözeri Öztürk Elif
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine the correlation between clinical performance competencies and attitudes towards caregiver roles among senior students practicing in internal medicine clinics.
Method: A cross-sectional and correlational study conducted between March and June 2022 with 148 senior nursing students. The data were collected using the Internal Medicine Nursing Clinical Practice Care Plan Form based on Orem’s Self-Care Model, the Educator Evaluation Form, the Self-Efficacy in Clinical Performance Scale, and the Attitude Scale for Nurses in Caregiving Roles. For analysis, mean scores, t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression analysis were used.
Results: When the correlation between the scales and their sub-dimensions was evaluated, it was determined that all sub-dimensions and total scores were positively correlated with each other from a weak to a moderate level. It was determined that the correlation coefficients varied statistically between 0.277 and 0.467 (p
The Implementation of the Discovery Learning Model Using Higher Order Thinking Skills Booklet Media on Students' Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Ramadhana Nurhikma , Qamariah Nur , Saphira Hanandita Veda
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To implement and design learning models that incorporate appropriate instructional media, fostering critical thinking. Such an approach will facilitate the integration of three cognitive domains: knowing, applying, and reasoning. Methods: This study adopts a quasi-experimental design using a "true experimental design" with a post-test-only control group. The objective is to implement the Discovery Learning model and develop a Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) booklet to enhance students' critical thinking abilities. Results: The research findings indicate that the Discovery Learning model with HOTs booklet media significantly influences students' critical thinking skills in biology learning. The critical thinking aspect with the highest score is essential clarification, effectively fostered during the problem-orientation phase. This stage involves students formulating questions based on scenarios in their worksheets. Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its integration of Discovery Learning with a hots booklet explicitly tailored to the Indonesian secondary school context. While previous studies have emphasized the individual impact of Discovery Learning or HOTs-based instructional tools, this research uniquely combines the two to create a synergistic approach that addresses the critical thinking gaps identified in Indonesian students.
Managing Learning Excellence in Educational Institutions: Strategies and Insights
Authors: Karwanto Karwanto , Ghani Muhammad Faizal Bin Abdul , Windasari Windasari , Widiyanah Ima , Andari Shelly , Sholeh Muhamad , Trihantoyo Syunu
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aims to identify and analyze the management of learning excellence in education units with different characteristics. Method: This research uses a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design. Data collection techniques used in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies. Data credibility was checked using triangulation techniques, member checking, and peer discussion. Data collected through the three techniques were organized, interpreted, and analyzed repeatedly through within-case and cross-case analyses to develop concepts and abstractions of research findings. Results: The results show that the existence of schools in superior schools is determined by the number of learning excellence owned by schools and the involvement of school principals in improving and maintaining progress by making innovations and changes so that schools remain stable and last until now. Future research can be conducted using different research designs and approaches. Novelty: Based on the results of the literature search, not many studies have been related to the management of learning excellence in education units. Previous research is mainly related to the characteristics of excellent schools. Only some studies aim to determine and analyze the management of learning excellence in schools. Therefore, the management of learning excellence has the characteristics of applying discipline in the teaching and learning process, demanding creative and innovative teachers, and having seriousness in curriculum development and learning.
Exploring Leadership Styles and Their Impact on Innovation in TVET: Insights from a Systematic Analysis
Authors: Dianawati Roswina , Ningrum Lorencia Endah Cahya , Hadi Syamsul , Nurhadi Didik , Widiyanti Widiyanti , Sutoto Yuli
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study examines the influence of leadership styles on promoting innovation in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector. The study addresses a notable research gap by identifying the leadership strategies that are most effective in fostering innovation within the swiftly changing educational and industrial environments. Method: The study used a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) technique organized by PRISMA criteria. Articles from peer-reviewed journals in the Scopus and ERIC databases, published between 2021 and 2024, were examined. A thorough search technique included specified keywords and Boolean operators, resulting in 659 articles, of which 36 were chosen following rigorous screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results:  The analysis highlights transformational, inclusive, and innovative leadership styles as pivotal in fostering creativity, technological integration, and collaborative practices in the TVET area. Transformational leadership emerged as the most effective, emphasizing vision alignment and team empowerment. Inclusive and innovative leadership also demonstrated strong potential in enhancing institutional responsiveness to industry needs. Novelty: This study provides a comprehensive synthesis of the impact of leadership styles on innovation within TVET, addressing a critical gap in existing literature. It offers actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners to adopt leadership strategies that align educational outcomes with industry demands, ensuring institutional competitiveness and relevance.
Chunking Techniques to Enhance Learning Outcomes in the Human Body System
Authors: Ngandoh Satwika Trianti , Riandi Riandi , Rahmat Adi , Muslim Muslim , Candrawati Emilia , Dirham Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Objective: Chunking is a cognitive method that breaks down complex material into smaller, more digestible pieces, improving comprehension and retention of knowledge. This study aims to assess the efficacy of the chunking strategy in improving student learning outcomes for human body system materials. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a post-test control group design. The research subjects of eighth-grade students consisted of experimental and control classes. The instrument used was a multiple-choice test to understand the concept of human body systems. Results: The study showed that the chunking technique effectively improved learning outcomes because it helped the brain process information better. The chunking technique increases students' understanding of the human body system's material, which impacts better learning outcomes. Novelty: This study introduces the chunking technique as a strategy in science learning, especially in understanding the material of the human body system. The chunking technique helps teachers present learning that suits the needs of students. The application of chunking techniques in learning, assisted by learning media, can accommodate the differences in student characteristics in class.
Development of the Academic Supervision Model Based on Differentiated Learning in Inclusive Schools
Authors: S Priyanti Rusanti , Murtadhlo Murtadhlo , Budiyanto Budiyanto , Hariyati Nunuk , Muhimmah Hitta Alfi , Hisham Ts. Syariffanor binti
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aims to develop an academic supervision model based on differentiated learning, evaluate its feasibility, and measure its effectiveness. Method: The research employs the ADDIE model development methodology. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires in two inclusive senior high schools in Sidoarjo. Results:  The findings indicate that (1) The academic supervision model based on differentiated learning includes stages that incorporate elements of differentiated learning into every supervision instrument. These elements cover the assessment preparation to evaluate student's readiness, interest, learning profiles, and the implementation of teaching processes, including content, process, and learning outcomes. (2) The academic supervision model based on differentiated learning is deemed feasible. The score obtained from subject matter experts indicates that the developed instruments and guidebooks meet the criteria for "very feasible." (3) Based on the results of the normalized gain test, the mean difference between the pre-test and post-test indicates that the developed product has a high level of effectiveness and is suitable for use as an academic supervision instrument. Novelty: This research emphasized the development of an academic supervision model based on differentiated learning in inclusive schools.
Quantifying Water Erosion in the Ziz Watershed (South-East of Morocco): A Geomatics and RUSLE Approach
Authors: Mohamed Ameziane , Nouayti Nordine , El Haim Mohamed , Saadi Omar , El Hairchi Khalid , Nouayti Abderahim
Published: January 2025

Water erosion is a significant and irreversible natural hazard affecting large areas globally, with severe consequences for watershed soils. Geographic Information System tools and Wischmeier's Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation were employed to estimate soil losses in the Ziz watershed in southeastern Morocco. The RUSLE model considers five key factors: rainfall erosivity (R), topography (LS), soil erodibility (K), vegetation cover (C), and anti-erosion practices (P). By spatializing these factors, high-risk areas were identified and a comprehensive soil loss map for the watershed was created. According to the analysis, 93.16% of the watershed experiences soil losses classified as low, below 7 t/ha/year. Conversely, less than 1% of the area suffers significant soil losses, ranging from 20 to 58.0044 t/ha/year, exceeding the 7 t/ha/year threshold for water erosion. These high-risk areas are predominantly located in the northern upstream section of the basin, characterized by steep topography and substantial rainfall erosivity. Overall, the Ziz Basin exhibits relatively low erosion rates compared to similar watersheds in Morocco.
Suitability Assessment of Fatha Formation Clayey Raw Material for Ceramic Production, in Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Omar Baker , Al-Hazaa Sawsan
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the mineralogical and geochemical properties of Fatha Formation clays in the Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq, to evaluate their suitability for ceramic production. Previous research on Fatha Formation clays in this region is limited, creating a significant knowledge gap that this study aims to address. Comprehensive analyses were conducted by using X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence to determine the mineralogical composition and geochemical characteristics of these clays. The results revealed that the mineral composition is predominantly consisting of kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite, with significant amounts of silica, alumina, and iron oxides. The geochemical analysis indicated that these clays possess the essential chemical properties required for ceramic manufacturing. The plasticity index and thermal behavior, on the other hand, were found to be within the optimal ranges for producing durable and high-quality ceramic products. Furthermore, the clays demonstrated favorable burning temperatures, making them suitable for various industrial applications.
Depositional Settings and Diagenetic Features of the Oligocene Sequence in the Kirkuk and Khabaz Oilfields, Northern Part of Iraq
Authors: Majeed Hussien
Published: January 2025

The Oligocene sequence is considered a significant reservoir interval in the Khabaz and Kirkuk oilfields, predominantly comprising carbonate reservoirs. The current study deals with the microfacies related to depositional environments and the important diagenetic features of the Oligocene succession in the Khabaz oilwells (Kz-4, Kz-43) and Kirkuk oilwells (K-25, K-136), which are located at the Low Folded Zone, the northern part of Iraq. The microfacies analysis of the studied succession showed six microfacies in the studied succession, they are described according to carbonate fabric and particle types: Austrotrillina - Peloidal Wackestone – Packstone, Coral, Benthic foraminifera Packstone – Grainstone, Rotalia, Lepidocyclina Wackesone – Packstone, Peloid-Oollite Grainstone, Bioclastic and small benthic foraminifera Wackestone – Packstone, and Argillaceous Mudstone- Planktonic Wackestone. These diagnosed microfacies are related to six facies associations (facial zones), which are back-reef, reef, shoal, fore-reef, slope, and deep marine. They distinguish the Anah, Azkand, Ibrahim, and Palani formations in the Khabaz oilfield, and the Bajawan, Baba, Shurau, Shiekh Alas, Tarjil, and Palani formations in the Kirkuk oilfield. The studied succession was affected mainly by six diagenetic processes, they are Micritization, Dissolution, Cementation, Neomorphism (Recrystallization), Mechanical and chemical compaction, and Dolomitization. The compaction and cementation processes led to a reduction in primary porosity and reservoir properties, and this was clearly demonstrated in the Sheikh Alas and Shurau formations in the Kirkuk oilfield. Broad dolomitization and dissolution can also be viewed as a constructive diagenesis, as the dolomite produced by this process contains numerous micropores and restricts the compaction, resulting in high reservoir quality of the Bajawan and Azkand formations, and the lower part of the Baba Formation.
Assessment on the Safety and Efficacy of a Feed Additive Consisting of Diclazuril for Chickens Reared for Laying and Pheasants (Huvepharma NV). (RP1780)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: January 2025

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in October 2022 from Huvepharma NV (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of a new use (extension of species) of an additive consisting of diclazuril. It was submitted under the category of ‘coccidiostats and histomonostats’ as a coccidiostat for its use in chickens reared for laying and pheasants.

In its previous assessments, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) could not definitively conclude on the risks associated with the use of diclazuril in acid soils from Coxiril®. However, based on new data provided, the FEEDAP Panel reached the conclusion that no risk to the terrestrial compartment or sediment is expected when diclazuril is used in chickens reared for laying and pheasants under proposed conditions, in both acidic and non-acidic soils. There are no concerns for groundwater, but due to limited data, no conclusions can be drawn for the aquatic compartment. Diclazuril does not bioaccumulate, so the risk of secondary poisoning is unlikely.

FSA/FSS has reviewed the applicant’s authorisation application, supporting documentation, and other regulators’ risk assessments, most notably the EFSA risk assessment opinion, and considers sufficient evidence has been demonstrated to conclude without the need for further questions or risk assessment.
Morphological Analysis of Prefixes in the Makasae Language
Authors: Soares Antonio Constantino
Published: January 2025

This study examines the morphological processes in the Makasae language, focusing on the use of prefixes ‘Au’- and ‘Tuli’- to form adjectives and verbs. Makasae, a language spoken primarily in East Timor, belongs to the Trans-New Guinea language family and features a rich system of affixation. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze data collected through elicitation tasks and sentence construction with native speakers. The study examines how the prefix ‘Au’- attaches to various root words to create descriptive adjectives, while ‘Tuli’- combines with verb roots to form dynamic and forceful action verbs. The findings highlight the productivity and regularity of these prefixes in shaping Makasae’s verbal and adjectival morphology. ‘Au’- is found to serve as an adjectivizing tool, whereas ‘Tuli’- contributes to the formation of action-oriented verbs with a sense of intensity or aggression. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of Makasae’s affixation system and its role in the broader context of Trans-New Guinea linguistics. Further research is recommended to explore additional morphological processes and regional variations in the use of these affixes.
Optimization of Communication of Weather Forecast Information for the Province of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Via the Instagram Account @Infobmkgyia
Authors: Kurnia Erlianto Try
Published: January 2025

This research aims to optimize the communication of the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province through social media, with a focus on the case study of the Instagram account @infobmkgYIA. Effective communication in delivering weather forecasts, early warnings, and climate conditions is crucial to enhance public preparedness for natural disasters. The research methodology involves content analysis and user interaction on the Instagram account @infobmkgYIA. Data is collected to evaluate the most effective types of content, user participation levels, and their impact on increasing public awareness. This study adopts a qualitative research approach with the goal of deepening the understanding of the most effective types of content in conveying meteorological information, comprehending user participation levels, and assessing their impact on increasing public awareness. Data for this research is collected through content analysis obtained from the Instagram account @infobmkgYIA, including weather data visualizations, early warnings, and related information. Qualitative analysis is conducted to understand how the delivery of information can be optimized for greater effectiveness in achieving BMKG's communication goals. Direct interviews with relevant personnel at BMKG are not conducted in this research. Instead, information is obtained from reliable sources on the internet, such as official reports, articles, and other relevant information related to the research focus. The research also applies statistical analysis to support the understanding of inhibiting and driving factors in social media communication. Through this qualitative approach, it is expected that strategic recommendations will be identified to enhance the effectiveness of BMKG communication on social media platforms, especially on the Instagram account @infobmkgYIA
In Our Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Cases with Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Upper and Lower Extremities
Authors: Allahverdi Ertugrul
Published: January 2025

Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis is rare but not unimportant. The current literature is limited and its management largely has the same applications as the treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. The fact that deep vein thrombosis has similar findings to many different diseases in Orthopedics and Traumatology clinics and that it can develop secondary to primary pathologies should definitely be considered in differential diagnoses. Not considering delayed deep vein thrombosis diagnoses in differential diagnoses may also lead to an increase in patient morbidity and mortality.
Nasotragal Length or Tochen for Endotracheal Tip Trial
Authors: Natarajan Chandra Kumar
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The optimal method to estimate ideal depth of insertion of endotracheal tube in neonates is still under question. With increasing evidence that TOCHEN formula is unreliable in ELBW neonates, it is being replaced by Nasotragal Length (NTL) based formulae and standardized weight-based charts.

Objective: (i) To compare NTL (NTL+1 cm) and TOCHEN formula (weight in kg + 6)

Methods: This is a Randomized controlled trial conducted at a Level 3 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). 51 neonates who required invasive ventilation were enrolled. The endotracheal tube was fixed at the estimated depth using either the NTL or Tochen formula. A radiograph was taken with the head stabilized in the neutral position within 2 hours of intubation for ascertaining ETT position. A single radiologist blinded to study groups evaluated chest X-rays for ETT position.

Results: TOCHEN group appeared to have a higher proportion (65.4%) of neonates with appropriate ETT position compared to the NTL group (44%) [0.65 (0.29 – 1.42)]. Both methods appear to fare worse in extremes of gestational age (<28 wks and > 38 wks) and birth weight (<1000 gms and >3000 gms)

Conclusion: Our study showed higher appropriate ETT tip placements with TOCHEN formula.
Protection Of Human Rights In The Context Of Indonesian Constitutional Law Against The Functions Of State Institutions
Authors: Manullang Elika , Sinaga Budiman N.P.D , Siburian Kasman
Published: January 2025

In light of the Indonesian Constitution, this paper examines the function of the National Human Rights Commission of Indonesia (Komnas HAM). As an impartial organization that looks into, keeps an eye on, and mediates human rights abuses, the Komnas HAM plays a crucial role. However, the Komnas HAM's existence is beset by a number of challenges, such as a lack of political and financial backing, overlapping powers with other state bodies, and restricted enforcement power. The relationship between the Indonesian Court of Human Rights and Komnas HAM is another significant matter. For significant human rights abuses to be successfully prosecuted, these two agencies ought to cooperate. In order to boost human rights protection in Indonesia, this study highlights the necessity of better interagency collaboration, strengthened legal frameworks, and increased political commitment. Thus, this study improves Indonesia's human rights protection and contributes significantly to our understanding of the Komnas HAM's position within the framework of the Indonesian Constitution.