bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconsidering vapor compression for sugar crystallization
Authors: Dolls Andreas , Bruhns Martin
Published: December 2019

Vapor compressors are heat pumps used for evaporation processes. They can either be driven mechanically or by high pressure steam. The oldest installation of a vapor compressor in a sugar factory is still working in Aarberg, Switzerland. In the 1980s several sugar factories in France installed vapor compressors for recompression of crystallization vapors. A literature survey of these installations is given. Operation parameters of vapor compressors are explained and the possibilities of integrating these apparatus into sugar factories, especially under the conditions of a thick juice campaign, are discussed. A special attention is given to a so called vapor fans which have a lower pressure ratio performance than compressors but might be more economic.
NON-PUERPERAL UTERINE INVERSION ASSOCIATED WITH A PELVIC MASS
Authors: Fasih Najla , Sardar Yasmin
Published: December 2019

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PSEUDOMYXOMA PERITONEI – AN ENDOSCOPIC IMAGE
Authors: Mehmood Shafqat , Shah Syed Aamir Ali , Kazmi Syed Ather , Zeb Faisal
Published: December 2019

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RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING AND THERAPY OF NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOURS
Authors: Navalkissoor Shaunak , Gnanasegaran Gopinath
Published: December 2019

The incidence and prevalence of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are on the rise. Although NETs are a heterogeneous group of tumours, they have some similar properties, for example, that they can concentrate neuroamines and tend to have a high degree of somatostatin receptor (SSR) expression. These mechanisms can be exploited and this article discusses the important role of radionculide imaging and radionculide therapy in the management of NETs based on these mechanisms. This article reviews the current literature and discusses the role of radionuclide imaging in NETs both in terms of SSR imaging and neuroamine (metaiodobenzylguanidine [MIBG]) imaging. We discuss state-of- the-art 68Ga-radiopeptide imaging and indications for it use. We also discuss the role of 18F-FDG and other tracers in the management of NETs. The second half of the article focuses on radiotargeted treatment of NETs, discussing I-131 MIBG therapy and focussing on the emergence of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. We discuss the clinical results, toxicities and patient selection for PRRT. Key words: DOTA octreotide, DOTATATE, Ga-68, Lu-177, metaiodobenzylguanidine, neuroendocrine tumours, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, Y-90
MALIGNANT OVARIAN GERM CELL TUMOURS (MOGCT); SURVIVAL OUTCOMES FROM A SINGLE INSTITUTION IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Saeed Kamran , Sadaf Tabinda , Syed Aamir A , Siddique Neelam , Jamshed Arif
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (MOGCTs) are rare, but aggressive tumours seen mostly in young women or adolescent girls. The aim of our study was to evaluate the survival outcomes of MOGCT patients treated at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: One hundred and nine females were retrospectively identi ed through hospital information system with MOGCT from 2007 to 2013. Histology was based on the WHO classi cation. Tumours were staged according to the Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics staging system. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were determined by the Kaplan–Meier method. All patients were included in the study. Patient who had been lost to follow-up was contacted through telephone. Results: Mean presenting age was 20 years (range 4–54). 38% of patients had Stage I, 7% had Stage II, 25% had Stage III and 30% of patients had Stage IV disease. Based on histology, 42% had dysgerminoma, 25% had mixed germ cell tumours, 18% had yolk sac tumour, 13% had teratoma and 2% had embryonal carcinoma. Median follow-up time was 41 months. All patients underwent initial surgery, of which 86 (79%) had fertility-preserving surgery. 91 (84%) patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 18 (16%) were kept on surveillance. The chemotherapy regimen used was a combination of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin. 89 patients had a complete remission, 14 had partial response and one had progressive disease. Five patients had relapsed disease, four distant and one local. The 5 year OS was 91% and DFS was 88%. Conclusion: MOGCTs have a good prognosis. Fertility-sparing surgery was possible in the majority of cases. BEP regimen has excellent activity and acceptable toxicity in patients with MOGCT. Key words: Disease-free survival, malignant ovarian germ cell tumours, overall survival
BORDERLINE PHYLLODES TUMOUR
Authors: Haider Saima , Tasleem Misbah
Published: December 2019

We report a case of 40-year-old woman with a painful lump in the left breast. Mammography revealed a suspicious mass ACR BI-RADS category 4a. Excision biopsy revealed borderline phyllodes tumour. Our case highlights the signi cance of multidisciplinary approach in managing benign breast masses such as phyllodes tumours which have malignant potential and a high rate of recurrence. Key words: Breast ultrasound, mammography, phyllodes breast tumour
GASTRIC METASTASIS FROM BREAST CANCER DETECTED BY [18F]FDG PET\CT
Authors: Tabacchi Elena , Ghedini Pietro , Nanni Cristina , Castellucci Paolo , Fanti Stefano
Published: December 2019

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SPECT/CT: EXTRATHYROIDAL UPTAKE ON TECHNETIUM [Tc99m] PERTECHNETATE THYROID SCINTIGRAPHY
Authors: Saadullah Muhammad , Sajid Saleem
Published: December 2019

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MIXED MEDULLARY AND PAPILLARY CARCINOMA OF THYROID, A RARE BUT DISTINCT CLINICAL ENTITY
Authors: Jahangir Sidra , Mushtaq Sajid , Loya Asif
Published: December 2019

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PRIMARY MALIGNANT MELANOMA UTERINE CERVIX
Authors: Asghar Asghar H , Rizvi Sadia , Ahmed Akhtar , Abbasi Ahmed N , Jamal Abid , Mehboob Javaid
Published: December 2019

A 40-year-old premenopausal female presented with foul-smelling per vaginal discharge for 3 months. Diagnostic work revealed a locally advanced primary malignant melanoma of uterine cervix. The patient declined pelvic surgery and was treated with Dacarbazine. Malignant melanoma is a rare tumour of skin and has been ranked in the top ve cancers of Australia and Sweden. It is a tumour of melanocytes which forms melanin pigment in the skin. In men, the most common site is trunk while in females common site is limbs. However, melanoma can arise from mucosal surfaces where the melanocytes are present. Most common mucosal sites are head and neck followed by female genital tract. Key words: Cervix, dacarbazine, malignant melanoma
FRACTURE OF ENDOSCOPICALLY PLACED FULLY COVERED METALLIC BILIARY STENT
Authors: Masood Muhammad A , Mehmood Shafqat , Zeb Faisal
Published: December 2019

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MORPHOLOGIC SPECTRUM AND CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOURS: AN EXPERIENCE OF SIX YEARS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: Qureshi Asim , Tariq Hina , Ali Zafar , Mamoon Nadira , Ahmed Imran N , Khan Asna H , Nasir Humaira
Published: December 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the morphologic spectrum and risk category of gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) and compare with overall patient survival.Materials and Methods: It is a descriptive observational study. The study was carried at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad. Duration of the study was from January 2009 to January 2015. A total of 31 patients with the diagnosis of GIST were included, irrespective of age and gender. Data were retrieved from laboratory information system. Results were analysed by statistical software, Statistical Package of the Social Sciences. Morphologic type, site of tumour, risk category and overall survival were determined and mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages were calculated for age site and risk category. Results: Of 31 patients, 21 (67.7%) were male and 10 (32.3%) were female. Site of tumour was as follows: Gastric 13 (41.9%), extra visceral 6 (19.4%), small intestine 9 (29.0%), rectum 2 (6.5%) and pancreas 1 (3.2%). According to risk categorisation, one was categorised as (3.2%) very low risk, 3 (9.7%) low risk, 5 (16.1%) intermediate risk and 22 (71%) high risk. Follow-up was available in 21 patients. 7 patients (22.5%) lost to follow-up. 8 (25%) had recurrence and 4 (12.9%) died. Conclusion: Majority of cases diagnosed at our centre were gastric in origin followed by small intestine, and as per risk categorisation, most were high risk. Patient survival with high-risk tumours was dismal. Key words: Gastrointestinal stromal tumour, immunohistochemistry, risk categorisation
SURVIVAL IMPACT OF SKELETAL METASTASIS ON BONE SCINTIGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH GERM CELL TUMOURS
Authors: Siddique Maimoona , Hassan Aamna , Khan Saadiya J
Published: December 2019

Objective: Our aim was to determine the frequency of skeletal metastasis in germ cell tumours (GCT) at baseline and relapse on conventional technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) whole body bone scan (bone scan) and to evaluate the effect of bone metastases on survival. Materials and Methods: Electronic medical records of histologically proven GCT over 64 months were retrospectively analysed. Basic demographic and histologic information were correlated with the presence of osseous and visceral metastases. 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated in presence, the absence of bone metastases at baseline and at relapse. Results: A total of 130 gonadal and extragonadal GCT patients underwent Tc-99m MDP bone scans; four with insuf cient data were excluded from the study. 47% were females and 53% were males with the age range of 1 month – 72 years. 105 (83%) were under 18 years of age. Osseous metastasis was detected in 12 (9.5%). Two (17%) had solitary and 10 (83%) had multifocal skeletal metastases. Clinically, 83% had localised bone pain. Osseous metastases were more frequently associated with mixed GCT and yolk sac tumour. 50% of mediastinal GCT developed bone metastases. 42% died within 4–18 months. There was a statistically signi cant impact of visceral metastases on DFS and OS. OS at 5 years in patients without bone metastases, with bone metastases at baseline and bone metastases at relapse, was 77%, 38% and 75%, respectively. 5-year DFS for the same cohort groups was 63%, 38% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: Osseous involvement was found in 9.5% of GCT patients undergoing diagnostic Tc-99m MDP bone scan. Baseline skeletal evaluation for metastases should be done, particularly in the case of bone pains or known systemic metastases. Although skeletal relapses are rare, they have a grim outcome. Key words: Bone scintigraphy, germ cell tumours, skeletal metastases
SEE YOUR ENDOCRINOLOGIST FOR A PITUITARY TUMOUR; YOU MAY NOT NEED SURGERY
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed Imran
Published: December 2019

Cushing’s syndrome remains an uncommon diagnosis with majority of non-specific and few specific clinical features suggestive of the condition. Results of biochemical investigations are often affected by confounding factors making diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome difficult and localisation of the disease even more challenging. Careful assessment of the individual patient and use of the most suitable test in that patient may allow improved outcome in diagnosing and localising the condition to devise an appropriate management plan.Key words: Cushing’s syndrome, hypercortisolism, dexamethasone suppression test, Pseudo-Cushing’s
SENTINEL LYMPH NODE SCINTIGRAPHY IN BREAST CARCINOMA- COMPARISON OF TWO VERSUS FOUR INJECTION SITE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Majeed Yasir , Riaz Saima , Chaudry Muhammad Zulqarnain , Nawaz Muhammad Khalid
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first regional node that drains lymph from the primary tumour and receives seeding of metastatic cells. Axillary node dissection remains the most reliable predictor of disease outcome. Controversies still exist about several aspects of lymphatic mapping and SLN biopsy for breast cancer, including number of radioisotope injection. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the success rate of different number of injection sites in the detection of SLN in breast cancer.Materials and Methods: A total of 120 consecutive breast cancer patients were divided into two groups. Group A (60 patients) received four intradermal periareolar (ID-PA) injections. Group B (60 patients) received two ID-PA injections.Imaging was carried out at 45 min post-injection. A gamma probe was used to explore the SLNs during surgery.Results: In Group A, 60 females with the mean age of 50.77 years were included in the study. 34 (56%) patients had single SLN. 25 (41.7%) had SLN with the second tier. 1 (1.7%) was negative. Group B included 60 patients (59 females and 1 male) with the mean age of 51.9 years. In 30 (50%) patients, single SLN was detected. 29 (48.3%) had SLN with the second tier. 1 (1.7%) was negative.Conclusion: SLN mapping with two periareolar ID injections carries less radiation dose and less pain as compared to the four injections with equal sensitivity for the visualization of SLNs.Key words: Breast cancer, intradermal injection, sentinel lymph node, Tc99 human serum albumin
Mucinous carcinoma of breast: A rare tumour with favorable prognosis - 10 years experience from a single center
Authors: Nasir Irfan Ul Islam , Arif Haffsa , Shah Muhammad Fahd , Malik Awais Amjad , Salim Mariam , Anwer Abdul Waheed , Pirzada M Taqi , Khan Amina Iqbal
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the biological behaviour of mucinous breast carcinoma (MBC) regarding their clinical presentations, pathological features, prognosis and survival.Methodology: We conducted this retrospective study from 2006 to 2015 (10-year duration) and included all the patients who presented with mucinous carcinoma of the breast at any age. We excluded all the patients who presented with invasive ductal carcinoma or other rare breast tumours. Each patient with mucinous carcinoma breast was categorised in terms of diagnosis, surgery, chemotherapy and outcome. For categorical variables, Chi-square test was used. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to determine estimated overall survival. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS 20.Results: In total, 8841 patients with breast carcinoma presented during the study period. Of these, 74 patients were diagnosed as cases of MBC, constituting <1%. Family history of breast carcinoma was positive in 20% of patients. Most of the women were postmenopausal (66.2%) falling in BIRADS Category 4 and 5 (32.4% each). Considering laterality tumours had almost equal distribution between the right and left side. Breast-conserving surgery was performed in 47.3% of women as compare to modified radicle mastectomy in 52.7% of women. Most of the patients had pathological T2 (51.4%), N0 (81.1%) and moderately differentiated (69%) mucinous carcinoma. ER was positive in 85% of patients, PR in 80% and H2N in 74.6% of patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 20 patients (27%) and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was given to 51 patients (69%). Metastasis occurred in 12 (16.2%) of our patients while 62 (83.8%) were metastasis free on long-term follow-up, with bones being the most common site of metastasis, occurring in 6 patients (8.1%) followed by lungs, occurring in 4 patients (5.4%). A total of 32 (43.2%) patients are alive, and on regular follow-up, 3 (4.1%) died during the course of follow-up and 39 (52.7%) are lost to follow-up with a median survival of 60 months and an overall 5-year survival rate of >95%.Conclusion: Mucinous carcinoma is a rare breast carcinoma with a good prognosis.Key words: Breast cancer, mucinous carcinoma, prognosis
AN UNUSUAL MASS OF THE CHEST WALL IN A 7 YEARS OLD CHILD: AN ASKIN'S TUMOUR
Authors: Hashim Imran , Talat Nabila , Butt Jamal , Saleem Muhammad
Published: December 2019

Askin’s tumour is a primitive neuroectodermal tumour developing from the soft tissues of the chest wall. It is commonly misdiagnosed due to features similar to other round blue cell tumours. The approach for its diagnosis and treatment is complex and requires a multidisciplinary team. The recommended treatment is chemotherapy and surgical excision mainly. The prognosis is dependent on many factors. We managed a child of Askin’s tumour using modalities such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical excision and found a good response.Key words: Chest wall mass, Askin’s tumour, Ewing sarcoma
GERM CELL TUMOURS OF THE OVARY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: A CLINICAL STUDY OF 109 PATIENTS IN A SPECIALIZED CANCER CENTRE
Authors: Nasir Irfan Ul Islam , Shah Muhammad Fahd , Malik Awais Amjad , Anwer Abdul Wahid , Syed Amir Ali , Qazi Abid Quddus
Published: December 2019

Objective: Paediatric ovarian germ cell tumours (GCTs) are rare tumours withmalignant tumours extremely rare.Methods: All the paediatric patients who received treatment for histology proven ovarian GCT at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital from January 2006 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients over the age of 18 years were excluded from the study. A total of 109 patients were included in the study. A set of parameters were identified to record initial clinical presentation and examination, imaging and laboratory investigations including tumour marker levels. Decisions of multidisciplinary team meetings, surgical treatment, neo adjuvant, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation data retrieved. Data analysiscarried out using SPSS 20.Results: In total 109 girls presented to our hospital during the study period, most of them above the age of 5 years, with dysgerminoma being the most common followed by yolk sac tumour. Most of the patients received treatment outside our hospital and were referred here for chemoradiotherapy. Fertility preserving surgery was the most commonly performed surgical procedure with a mean follow-up of 50.4 months and >75% overall 5-year survival.Conclusion: Regardless of histologic types, the outcomes of GCT can be improved with a multidisciplinary approach.Key words: Dysgerminomas, germ cell tumours, ovarian tumours
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQoL) ASSESSMENT FOLLOWING RADICAL CYSTECTOMY IN POPULATION OF A SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRY
Authors: Hayat Nasira , Hafi Suhaib Bin Bilal , Badar Farhana , Ahmed Irfan
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Radical cystectomy is carried out for muscle invasive bladder (BL) cancer, which greatly affects the quality of life. The objective of our study was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients following radicalcystectomy.Methods: A retrospective review was done in patients that underwent radical cystectomy between July 2009 and November 2014 at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. HRQoLassessments of 34 patients done during clinical psychology review were included in this study. HRQoL was assessed using functional assessment of cancer therapy-BL questionnaire.Results: Low scores were observed in physical well-being and emotional well-being domains with mean scores of 7.32 and 7.97, respectively. Patients scored high on social and family well-being, functional well-being and additionalconcerns, with mean scores of 24.9, 17.24 and 21.73, respectively.Conclusions: Psychological evaluation and rehabilitation should be an integral part of surveillance after radical cystectomy.Key words: Bladder cancer, functional assessment of cancer therapy-bladder, health-related quality of life, radicalcystectomy, South Asian
MR ENTEROGRAPHY: AN EMERGENT TECHNIQUE FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF SMALL BOWEL LESIONS IN ONCOLOGICAL AND NON-ONCOLOGY DISEASES
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Zaheer Iram , Niazi Imran Khalid , Mufti Khurram Aftab
Published: December 2019

Small bowel is not easily accessed by endoscope and diagnosis of its pathology relies on clinical assessment and imaging. Traditional contrast studies have the disadvantage of not including the mural and extramural details. This is best seen with magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) which is rapidly replacing computed tomography enterography due to better soft tissue resolution and lack of ionizing radiation. Comprehensive MRE requires axial and coronal T1- and T2-WI, high-resolution diffusion-weighted images, fat-suppressed three-dimensional T1-W breath-hold gradient-echo images of the abdomen, and pelvis before and after intravenous gadolinium-based contrast material administration. MRE is the preferred imaging technique for small bowel pathology due to its ability to show mural and extramural details which allow differentiation in acute, active, and chronicity of changes. Being radiation free, there is no age limitation for its use.
ROBOTIC HEPATOBILIARY AND PANCREATIC SURGERY
Authors: Ahmad Jawad , Marangoni Gabriele
Published: December 2019

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ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF COMBINATION OF BILATERAL SUPERFICIAL CERVICAL PLEXUS BLOCK AND STANDARD ANALGESIA WITH STANDARD ANALGESIA ALONE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING THYROID CANCER SURGERY. A RANDOMISED-CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Najeeb Hammad Nabeel , Khan Ahsan Waqar , Siddiqui Athar Mukhtar
Published: December 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to determine analgesic efficacy of a combination of bilateral superficial cervical plexus block (BLSCPB) and standard analgesia with standard analgesia alone in patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery under general anaesthesia.Materials and Methods: It was a randomised-controlled trial conducted at the Anaesthesia Department of the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Lahore. A sample size of 60 patients (30 patients in each group) was calculated with 95% confidence interval and power of 80%.Results: The mean pain-free duration for the Group A (BLSCPB group) was 72 min (SD 30.1) compared to 53 min (standard deviation 30.3) for the Group B. This shows a significant reduction in pain-free duration in Group A. Average NRS pain score in the Group A at q 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min was (0.83, 1.83, 0.23, 1.76 and 1.49), whereas the average pain score on NRS in the Group B at the same time interval mentioned above for Group A was (2.1, 2.73, 4.53, 2.44 and 1.85)Conclusion: Administration of BLSCPB resulted in superior analgesia after thyroid cancer surgery.Key words: Analgesia, cervical plexus block, post-operative pain, regional anaesthesia, thyroidectomy
PENGEMBANGAN INTERVENSI PERAWATAN LUKA PADA FOURNIER GANGRENE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND CARE BERDASARKAN COMFORT THEORY
Authors: Maria Orizani Chindy
Published: December 2019

ABSTRAKFournier's gangrene merupakan fasciitis nekrotikans yang progresif pada daerah penis, skrotum, dan perineum dan memiliki potensi fatal dengan angka mortalitas tinggi dan termasuk dalam kasus kegawatdaruratan bedah dan urologi. Negative Pressure Wound Care merupakan perawatan luka pada pasien dengan Fournier’s Gangrene sebelum dilakukan debridemen dan digunakan sebagai metode untuk menurunkan nyeri dan meningkatkan kenyamanan klien. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis intervensi perawatan luka pada Fournier’s gangrene dengan menggunakan Negative Pressure Wound Care berdasar teori Comfort. Pencarian literatur yang relevan, dilakukan dengan mengakses database PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan SAGEPub dibatasi dari Januari 2006 sampai dengan Oktober 2015. Keywords yang digunakan adalah “Fournier’s gangrene”, “negative pressure wound therapy”, “Vacuum-assisted closure”, “chronic wound therapy”. Negative pressure wound therapy sangat efektif untuk mengontrol drainage luka setelah debridemen, mempermudah granulasi luka dan menurunkan penggunaan kasa/dressing luka dan proses perawatan dapat menimbulkan rasa nyaman bagi klien dibandingkan perawatan lain. Negative pressure wound therapy merupakan aplikasi tindakan keperawatan yang berdasarkan teori comfort yaitu meningkatkan kenyamanan klien dengan menurunkan tingkat nyeri yang dirasakan klien sehingga meningkatkan kualitas hidup klien.

Kata kunci: Fournier’s gangrene, negative pressure wound therapy, penyembuhan luka

ABSTRACTFournier's gangrene is a progressive necrotizing fasciitis in the area of the penis, scrotum, and perineum and potentially fatal disease with a high mortality rate and included in the case of emergency surgery and urology. Negative Pressure Wound Care is a wound care in patients with Fournier's Gangrene before debridement and used as a method to reduce pain and increase the comfort of the client. The aim of this study was to analyzed the wound care interventions on Fournier gangrene using Negative Pressure Wound Care on the Comfort theory. Search methods relevant literature, performed by accessing the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SAGEPub restricted from January 2006 to October 2015. Keywords used were "Fournier's gangrene", "negative pressure wound therapy", "Vacuum-assisted closure", "chronic wound therapy ". Negative pressure wound therapy is very effective for controlling wound drainage after debridement, wound granulation simplify and reduce the use of gauze / dressing wounds and the treatment process may cause a sense of comfort for the client than other treatments. Negative pressure wound therapy is the application of nursing actions based on the comfort theory which can improve client comfort by lowering the level of pain felt by clients thus improving quality of life for clients.

Keywords: Fournier’s gangrene, negative pressure wound therapy, wound healing

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Semitransparent Sb2S3 thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows
Authors: Eensalu Jako S , Katerski Atanas , Kärber Erki , Weinhardt Lothar , Blum Monika , Heske Clemens , Yang Wanli , Oja Acik Ilona , Krunks Malle
Published: December 2019

The integration of photovoltaic (PV) solar energy in zero-energy buildings requires durable and efficient solar windows composed of lightweight and semitransparent thin film solar cells. Inorganic materials with a high optical absorption coefficient, such as Sb2S3 (>105 cm−1 at 450 nm), offer semitransparency, appreciable efficiency, and long-term durability at low cost. Oxide-free throughout the Sb2S3 layer thickness, as confirmed by combined studies of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and synchrotron soft X-ray emission spectroscopy, semitransparent Sb2S3 thin films can be rapidly grown in air by the area-scalable ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. Integrated into a ITO/TiO2/Sb2S3/P3HT/Au solar cell, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.5% at air mass 1.5 global (AM1.5G) is achieved, which is a record among spray-deposited Sb2S3 solar cells. An average visible transparency (AVT) of 26% of the back-contact-less ITO/TiO2/Sb2S3 solar cell stack in the wavelength range of 380–740 nm is attained by tuning the Sb2S3 absorber thickness to 100 nm. In scale-up from mm2 to cm2 areas, the Sb2S3 hybrid solar cells show a decrease in efficiency of only 3.2% for an 88 mm2 Sb2S3 solar cell, which retains 70% relative efficiency after one year of non-encapsulated storage. A cell with a PCE of 3.9% at 1 sun shows a PCE of 7.4% at 0.1 sun, attesting to the applicability of these solar cells for light harvesting under cloud cover.
The influence of the magnetic nanoparticles coating from colloidal system on the magnetic relaxation time
Authors: Osaci Mihaela , Cacciola Matteo
Published: December 2019

Currently, the colloidal systems of monodomain superparamagnetic nanoparticles are used in biomedical applications, such as hyperthermia treatment for cancer. In this type of colloid, called nanofluid, there is a tendency of nanoparticle agglomeration. It has been shown experimentally that the nanoparticle coating plays an important role in the nanoparticle dispersion stability and biocompatibility, which role was theoretically understudied so far. Also, the implications of nanoparticle coating on the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles have been little studied.  This paper presents the theoretical study, by numerical simulation, on how the nanoparticle coating affects the tendency of agglomeration of the nanoparticles and the Néel relaxation time – or the effective magnetic relaxation time of the system. For simulating the self-organization of colloidal nanoparticles, we apply a Langevin dynamics stochastic method based on an effective Verlet-type algorithm, and the Néel magnetic relaxation time is assessed through the Coffey method in oblique magnetic field, adapted to the local magnetic field on a nanoparticle.
Evidence for the Third Stellar Population in the Milky Way’s Disk
Authors: Carollo Daniela , Chiba Masashi , Ishigaki Miho , Freeman Ken , Beers Timothy C. , Lee Young Sun , Tissera Patricia , Battistini Chiara , Primas Francesca
Published: December 2019

The Milky Way is a unique laboratory in which stellar properties can be measured and analyzed in detail. In particular, stars in the older populations encode information on the mechanisms that led to the formation of our Galaxy. In this article, we analyze the kinematics, spatial distribution, and chemistry of a large number of stars in the solar neighborhood, where all of the main Galactic components are well represented. We find that the thick disk comprises two distinct and overlapping stellar populations with different kinematic properties and chemical compositions. The metal-weak thick disk (MWTD) contains two-times less metal content than the canonical thick disk, and exhibits enrichment of light elements typical of the oldest stellar populations of the Galaxy. The rotational velocity of the MWTD around the Galactic center is ∼150 km s−1, corresponding to a rotational lag of 30 km s−1 relative to the canonical thick disk (∼180 km s−1), with a velocity dispersion of 60 km s−1. This stellar population likely originated from the merger of a dwarf galaxy during the early phases of our Galaxy’s assembly, or it is a precursor disk, formed in the inner Galaxy and brought into the solar neighborhood by bar instability or spiral-arm formation mechanisms.
CosmoDC2: A Synthetic Sky Catalog for Dark Energy Science with LSST
Authors: Korytov Danila , Hearin Andrew , Kovacs Eve , Larsen Patricia , Rangel Esteban , Hollowed Joseph , Benson Andrew J. , Heitmann Katrin , Mao Yao-Yuan , Bahmanyar Anita , Chang Chihway , Campbell Duncan , DeRose Joseph , Finkel Hal , Frontiere Nicholas , Gawiser Eric , Habib Salman , Joachimi Benjamin , Lanusse François , Li Nan , Mandelbaum Rachel , Morrison Christopher , Newman Jeffrey A. , Pope Adrian , Rykoff Eli , Simet Melanie , To Chun-Hao , Vikraman Vinu , Wechsler Risa H. , White Martin ,   (The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration)
Published: December 2019

This paper introduces cosmoDC2, a large synthetic galaxy catalog designed to support precision dark energy science with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). CosmoDC2 is the starting point for the second data challenge (DC2) carried out by the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (LSST DESC). The catalog is based on a trillion-particle, (4.225 Gpc)3 box cosmological N-body simulation, the Outer Rim run. It covers 440 deg2 of sky area to a redshift of z = 3 and matches expected number densities from contemporary surveys to a magnitude depth of 28 in the r band. Each galaxy is characterized by a multitude of galaxy properties including stellar mass, morphology, spectral energy distributions, broadband filter magnitudes, host halo information, and weak lensing shear. The size and complexity of cosmoDC2 requires an efficient catalog generation methodology; our approach is based on a new hybrid technique that combines data-based empirical approaches with semianalytic galaxy modeling. A wide range of observation-based validation tests has been implemented to ensure that cosmoDC2 enables the science goals of the planned LSST DESC DC2 analyses. This paper also represents the official release of the cosmoDC2 data set, including an efficient reader that facilitates interaction with the data.
Exploring the Outskirts of Globular Clusters: The Peculiar Kinematics of NGC 3201
Authors: Bianchini P. , Ibata R. , Famaey B.
Published: December 2019

The outskirts of globular clusters (GCs) simultaneously retain crucial information about their formation mechanism and the properties of their host galaxy. Thanks to the advent of precision astrometry both their morphological and kinematic properties are now accessible. Here we present the first dynamical study of the outskirts of the retrograde GC NGC 3201 until twice its Jacobi radius (<100 pc), using specifically selected high-quality astrometric data from Gaia DR2. We report the discovery of a stellar overdensity along the southeast/northwest direction that we identify as tidal tails. The GC is characterized globally by radial anisotropy and a hint of isotropy in the outer parts, with an excess of tangential orbits around the lobes corresponding to the tidal tails, in qualitative agreement with an N-body simulation. Moreover, we measure flat velocity dispersion profiles, reaching values of 3.5 ± 0.9 km s−1 until beyond the Jacobi radius. While tidal tails could contribute to such a flattening, this high velocity dispersion value is in disagreement with the expectation from the sole presence of potential escapers. To explain this puzzling observation, we discuss the possibility of an accreted origin of the GC, the presence of a dark matter halo—leftover of its formation at high redshift—and the possible effects of non-Newtonian dynamics. Our study uncovers a new path for the study of GC formation and of the properties of the Milky Way potential in the era of precision astrometry.
New records of the anomaly P syndrome in two water frog species (Pelophylax ridibundus and P. lessonae) in Russia
Authors: Svinin Anton O. , Bashinskiy Ivan V. , Osipov Vitaly V. , Neymark Leonid A. , Ivanov Alexander Yu. , Ermakov Oleg A. , Litvinchuk Spartak N.
Published: December 2019

The “anomaly P” was described in Palearctic water frogs of the genus Pelophylax by Jean Rostand as complex morphological anomalies of water frogs, including polydactyly, brachymely, hind limb oedema, bone outgrowths, spikes, flexions and additional limbs in the inguinal region. In 2016, the anomaly P syndrome was rediscovered in central Russia, confirming the hypothesis concerning its wider distribution. Here, three new records of this syndrome in two species of western Palearctic water frog from Russia are described.
A review of the Indonesian species of the family Signiphoridae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), with description of three new species
Authors: Schmidt Stefan , Hamid Hasmiandy , Ubaidillah Rosichon , Ward Samantha , Polaszek Andrew
Published: December 2019

The Indonesian species of the family Signiphoridae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) are revised. Three species of Chartocerus are described as new (Chartocerus kartiniae Polaszek & Schmidt, sp. nov., C. sumatrensis Schmidt & Polaszek, sp. nov., and C. javensis Schmidt & Ubaidillah, sp. nov.) and four species of Signiphora, viz., S. bennetti Woolley & Dal Molin, S. flavella Girault, S. perpauca Girault and S. bifasciata Ashmead, are diagnosed.
System Architecture of a Student Relationship Management System using Internet of Things to collect Digital Footprint of Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Songsom Nualsri , Nilsook Prachyanun , Wannapiroon Panita , Chun Che Fung Lance , Wong Kok Wai
Published: December 2019

Effective system development to support higher education institutions is important. There are two steps in developing a good system and they are system architecture analysis and design. The first task of this research is to design the use case diagrams, system overview and the system architecture. The second is to evaluate the system architecture of a proposed Student Relationship Management (SRM) system using Internet of Things (IoT) to collect digital footprint of higher education institutions. The outcome of this research include the system architecture of the proposed student relationship management system (SRMS)-IoT consists of six main parts: 1) service stations, 2) system identification, 3) system integration API, 4) SRM internal system, 5) report analytic and 6) web server and database server. Evaluation of the results shows an overall appropriateness at a very high level: the overall appropriateness of usability result was also at a very high level, which shows that this research is appropriate to be used as a guideline for further system development to support student services, and to promote learning and analysis of student behaviours in higher education institutions.
Blended Learning of Physics in the Context of the Professional Development of Teachers
Authors: Krasnova Lyubov , Shurygin Viktor
Published: December 2019

In line with the improvement of traditional teaching methods, the new ones are intensively introduced at all levels of education. Usually, these are the methods tied with e-learning. Essentially, teachers must be able and ready to create an innovation-driven learning environment contributing to the effective individualization of the learning process. At the same time, each student should achieve the highest possible outcomes standing behind the personality development. This paper introduces the refresher courses designed for the physics teachers. These courses are based on the blended learning technology combining traditional full-time education with the elements of distance learning supported by LMS Moodle. The courses were tested at the Elabuga Institute of Kazan Federal University in 2016-2018. This paper describes the module-based course structure and methods for applying the e-learning modules. The distinctive feature of the course is that the content of the learning modules was designed to deliver different methods for teaching physics and to improve the general cultural competence of a teacher. The analysis of polling results (poll included 89 physics teachers) allowed assessing the efficiency of designed courses in the context of teacher’s professional development, his/her readiness to work in modern learning environment. The research outcomes will be also useful for foreign educational establishments implementing the teacher professional development programs.
Isolation and Characterization of 27 Novel Microsatellite Loci in Critically Endangered Wyoming Toad
Authors: Martin Renee M. , Meador Heidi , Bender Lee , Hopper Lacey
Published: December 2019

Wyoming toad Anaxyrus baxteri is a federally endangered amphibian endemic to the Laramie basin in southwestern Wyoming, USA. A captive breeding program propagates A. baxteri, and the monitoring of genetic diversity in the captive stock can assist in guiding conservation measures of this species. Illumina paired-end sequencing lead to 27 species-specific polymorphic microsatellite genetic markers being developed. Across 24 samples, A. baxteri exhibited two to eight alleles per locus, and observed and expected heterozygosities per locus ranged from 0.292 to 0.958 and from 0.344 to 0.787, respectively. Tests for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were nonsignificant except for Abax_13 and Abax_39. These microsatellite markers will be useful for genetic monitoring to aid recovery efforts of A. baxteri captive and wild populations as well as other amphibians in the family Bufonidae.
Spatial Use and Survival of Sympatric Populations of New England and Eastern Cottontails in Connecticut
Authors: Kilpatrick Howard J. , Goodie Travis J.
Published: December 2019

The New England cottontail (NEC) Sylvilagus transitionalis is strongly associated with shrubland and early successional habitat and is the only cottontail native to the U.S. Northeast. The distribution and abundance of young forest habitat and NEC populations have declined. The eastern cottontail (EC) Sylvilagus floridanus was introduced into the U.S. Northeast in the early 1900s and uses similar habitat as NEC, but is expanding in distribution and abundance. Little information exists on spatial use, survival, and competition in sympatric populations of NEC and EC. Understanding differences in population demographics may identify important factors or relationships influencing population trends and aid in developing effective management strategies. Our objectives were to quantify home range and core area sizes, annual survival rates, minimum population densities, and range overlap for sympatric populations of NEC and EC at four sites in Connecticut. We monitored spatial use and survival rates of 107 radio-collared rabbits over a 10-y period. Mean annual home ranges and core areas were 10.9 and 2.5 ha for NEC and 5.6 and 1.6 ha for EC. Overlap in home range and core areas was greater within species than between species (NEC-EC). For both species and sex, home range size expanded from winter to breeding seasons. Survival rates were greater for NEC than for EC at all four sites, with predation as the major cause of mortality for both species. Space-use patterns suggest that the potential for EC to interfere with NEC reproduction is limited and avoidance or resource partitioning between species in the same patch may be occurring.
Migratory Timing and Rates of Chinook Salmon Bound for the Kwethluk and Kisaralik Rivers
Authors: Moses Aaron P. , Staton Benjamin A. , Smith Nicholas J.
Published: December 2019

Detailed information regarding migratory behavior (i.e., phenology and rate of travel) of specific Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. substocks can be used to design management strategies focused on protecting substocks from harvest when desired; however, this information is often lacking. The Kwethluk and Kisaralik rivers are two tributaries of the lower Kuskokwim River that originate and flow through the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge in western Alaska. Although these two systems are the primary Chinook Salmon–producing tributaries within the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, little is known about migratory behavior of Chinook Salmon destined for these rivers. In 2015 and 2016, 119 Chinook Salmon tagged with radio telemetry transmitters entered either the Kwethluk or Kisaralik Rivers and were tracked throughout their migration to their assumed final spawning location using both ground- and aerial-based tracking methods. We compared migration timing and swim speeds between fish bound for these two rivers and between fish of different sizes and compared the consistency among the 2 y. In general, we found that fish bound for the Kwethluk and Kisaralik rivers exhibited similar migration behaviors in 2015 and 2016, including entry timing into the Kuskokwim River and migration rates once in the tributaries. A key finding was that Chinook Salmon swam fastest (range of means between years: 20–45 km/d) in the main-stem Kuskokwim River and slowed significantly (4–15 km/d) upon entry into lower portions of the tributaries. Our findings have relevance for harvest management strategies; for example, temporal fishery closures will impact Chinook Salmon bound for both the Kwethluk and Kisaralik rivers equally given their broad overlap in entry timing, and individuals will remain vulnerable to harvest for longer periods when located in tributaries rather than the portion of the main-stem directly below the tributary confluences.
Implementing and Assessing the Efficacy of the North American Bat Monitoring Program
Authors: Neece Benjamin D. , Loeb Susan C. , Jachowski David S.
Published: December 2019

Bats are under threat from habitat loss, energy development, and the disease white-nose syndrome; therefore, an efficient and effective means to monitor bat populations is needed. The North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) was initiated in 2015 to provide standardized, large-scale monitoring to benefit bat biologists, managers, and policy makers. Given the recency of this program, our first objective was to determine the efficacy of implementing NABat. Further, because the probability of detecting a bat varies among species and survey conditions, our second objective was to determine factors affecting detection probabilities of bats using NABat acoustic surveys. We conducted surveys across South Carolina from mid-May through July 2015 and 2016. To determine efficacy of NABat, we compared species detections with historical known distributions and predicted distributions based on environmental occupancy models. To determine factors that affected detection probability, we evaluated support for predictive detection models for each species or species grouping. In general, we found that predicted distributions closely matched known distributions. However, we detected some species in ≤50% of cells within their ranges and others outside their ranges, suggesting NABat may also reveal new information about species distributions. Most species had higher detection probabilities at stationary points than mobile transects, but the influence of interrupted surveys, environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, rainfall, and wind) and habitat conditions often varied among species. Overall, our results suggest NABat is an effective and efficient method for monitoring many bat species, but we suggest that future efforts account for species-specific biological and behavioral characteristics influencing detection probability.
Local- and Landscape-Level Variables Related to Poweshiek Skipperling Presence in Michigan Prairie Fens
Authors: Pogue Clint D. , Monfils Michael J. , Cuthrell David L. , Hackett Rachel A. , Zionce Riley A. , Monfils Anna K.
Published: December 2019

The Poweshiek skipperling Oarisma poweshiek, Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae is a historically common prairie butterfly with a range extending throughout prairie systems of the upper midwestern United States and southern Manitoba, Canada. Rapid, range-wide declines have reduced the number of verified Poweshiek skipperling locations to one in Manitoba prairie, one in Wisconsin prairie, and four in prairie fens in Michigan. Our objective was to investigate parameter suites with the potential to be biologically relevant to Poweshiek skipperling occupancy with the goal of informing conservation efforts. At 18 prairie fens categorized as occupied (n = 9) or unoccupied (n = 9), we collected information on plant biodiversity, water chemistry, soil chemistry, site geometry, and surrounding current and historical land cover at three spatial scales. To address the complexity of these systems, we used multiresponse permutation procedures and nonmetric multidimensional scaling to explore associations between variable groups thought to be relevant to Poweshiek skipperling (conditions for suspected larval host plants, system integrity, and agricultural influence) and occupancy categories. We used indicator species analysis to understand the relationships between plant biodiversity and Poweshiek skipperling occupancy at whole- and intrafen scales. Multiresponse permutation procedures analysis suggested that conditions for suspected larval host plants differed between occupied and unoccupied prairie fens. At the whole-fen scale, we identified 14 plant species associated with Poweshiek-occupied sites, including two purported larval host plants, Muhlenbergia richardsonis and Schizachyrium scoparium. At the intrafen scale, we identified 52 species associated with unoccupied Poweshiek sites, including many weedy species and those tolerant of inundated conditions. Our results can inform the evaluation of potentially suitable habitat for introduction and reintroduction efforts.
Récits généalogiques en Kabylie : de la légitimation sociale aux réappropriations culturelles et identitaires
Authors: Assam Malika
Published: December 2019

Les récits généalogiques, sous la forme de traditions aussi bien orales qu’écrites, sont employés, en Kabylie comme dans le reste de l’Afrique du Nord, comme des mythes de fondation des groupes qui assoient leur légitimité sociale. Or, on assiste dans cette région d’Algérie à un réinvestissement de ces récits du fait de l’affirmation identitaire berbère. Grâce à un principe généalogique manipulable et à des mises en narration croisant oralité, écriture et picturalité, ces réinvestissements révèlent un renversement des principes traditionnels de légitimité – que sont l’arabité et le chérifisme – et participent d’une nouvelle définition de soi fondée sur l’autochtonie et la berbérité.