bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A brave new world of genetic engineering
Authors: Greengard Samuel
Published: January 2019

Genetic engineering technologies are advancing at a furious rate, changing the world one cell at a time.
Writing a test plan
Authors: Neville-Neil George V.
Published: January 2019

Establish your hypotheses, methodologies, and expected results.
Hawking's nightmare
Authors: Batchelor David Allen
Published: January 2019

From the intersection of computational science and technological speculation, with boundaries limited only by our ability to imagine what could be.

Stephen Hawking warned us not to contact E.T.
The 10th workshop on active internet measurements (AIMS-10) report
Authors: claffy kc , Clark David
Published: January 2019

On 13--15 March 2018, CAIDA hosted its tenth Workshop on Active Internet Measurements (AIMS-10). This workshop series provides a forum for stakeholders in Internet active measurement projects to communicate their interests and concerns, and explore cooperative approaches to maximizing the collective benefit of deployed infrastructure and gathered data. An overarching theme this year was how to inform new legislation of communications policy in the U.S. Given the continued limited insight into Internet operations by researchers and policymakers, we tried to focus these discussions on what data is or could be measured to shape and support current and emerging policy debates. Materials related to the workshop are at http://www.caida.org/workshops/aims/1803/.
Learning IP network representations
Authors: Li Mingda , Zong Bo , Lumezanu Cristian , Chen Haifeng
Published: January 2019

We present DIP, a deep learning based framework to learn structural properties of the Internet, such as node clustering or distance between nodes. Existing embedding-based approaches use linear algorithms on a single source of data, such as latency or hop count information, to approximate the position of a node in the Internet. In contrast, DIP computes low-dimensional representations of nodes that preserve structural properties and non-linear relationships across multiple, heterogeneous sources of structural information, such as IP, routing, and distance information. Using a large real-world data set, we show that DIP learns representations that preserve the real-world clustering of the associated nodes and predicts distance between them more than 30% better than a meanbased approach. Furthermore, DIP accurately imputes hop count distance to unknown hosts (i.e., not used in training) given only their IP addresses and routable prefixes. Our framework is extensible to new data sources and applicable to a wide range of problems in network monitoring and security.
Opinion column
Authors: Redi Miriam , Alameda-Pineda Xavier
Published: January 2019

For this edition of the Opinion Column, happening in correspondence with ACM Multimedia 2018, we launched a short community survey regarding their perception of the conference. We prepared the survey together with senior members of the community, as well as the organizers of ACM Multimedia 2019. You can find the full survey here.
JPEG column
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio
Published: January 2019

The 81st JPEG meeting was held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, at which significant efforts were put into the analysis of the responses to the call for proposals on the next generation image coding standard, nicknamed JPEG XL, that is expected to provide a solution for image format with improved quality and flexibility, allied with a better compression efficiency. The responses to the call confirms the interest of different parties on this activity. Moreover, the initial subjective and objective evaluation of the different proposals confirm a significative evolution on both quality and compression efficiency that will be provided by the future standard.
SIGCSE's commitment to CSforAll
Authors: Morrison Briana B.
Published: January 2019

SIGCSE's mission is to provide a global forum for educators to discuss research and practice related to the learning, and teaching of computing, the development, implementation, and evaluation of computing programs, curricula, and courses at all education levels, as well as broad participation, educational technology, instructional spaces, and other elements of teaching and pedagogy related to computing. Underlying this statement is a philosophy that all students should have access and the ability to learn computing. Because we support computing at all education levels, we are proud to be a CSforAll consortium member. CSforALL is a United States organization that serves as hub for the national Computer Science for All movement, which works to enable all students in grades K-12 to achieve computer science literacy as an integral part of their educational experience. On October 9th at the CSforALL Summit in Detroit, we announced a pledge to support CS education.
New Drugs in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kunacheewa Chutima , Orlowski Robert Z.
Published: January 2019

Multiple myeloma is diagnosed in over 100,000 patients each year worldwide, has an increasing incidence and prevalence in many regions, and follows a relapsing course, making it a significant and growing healthcare challenge. Recent basic, translational, and clinical studies have expanded our therapeutic armamentarium, which now consists of alkylating agents, corticosteroids, deacetylase inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, monoclonal antibodies, and proteasome inhibitors. New drugs in these categories, and additional agents, including both small and large molecules, as well as cellular therapies, are under development that promise to further expand our capabilities and bring us closer to the cure of this plasma cell dyscrasia.
IFN-γ Reduces Epidermal Barrier Function by Affecting Fatty Acid Composition of Ceramide in a Mouse Atopic Dermatitis Model
Authors: Kanoh Hiroyuki , Ishitsuka Asako , Fujine Etsuko , Matsuhaba Shuhei , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Ito Hiroyasu , Inagaki Naoki , Banno Yoshiko , Seishima Mariko
Published: January 2019

IFN-γ is detected in chronic lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD); however, its specific role remains to be elucidated. An impaired stratum corneum barrier function is a hallmark of AD, and it is associated with a reduction in ceramides with long-chain fatty acids (FAs) in the stratum corneum. FA elongases, ELOVL1 and ELOVL4, are essential for the synthesis of these ceramides, together with ceramide synthase 3 (CerS3). We have previously shown that IFN-γ, but not other cytokines, induced the downregulation of these enzymes in cultured keratinocytes. Our aim was to investigate the in vivo role of IFN-γ in the lesional skin of AD by analyzing mouse dermatitis models. The local mRNA expression of IFN-γ increased in mite fecal antigen-induced AD-like dermatitis in NC/Nga mice but not in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis in BALB/c mice. The mRNA expression of ELOVL1 and ELOVL4 significantly decreased in AD-like dermatitis, whereas ELOVL1 increased in psoriasis-like dermatitis. The expression of CerS3 increased slightly in AD-like dermatitis, but it increased by 4.6-fold in psoriasis-like dermatitis. Consistently, the relative amount of ceramides with long-chain FAs decreased in AD-like dermatitis but not in psoriasis-like dermatitis. These results suggest that IFN-γ in the lesional skin may reduce ceramides with long-chain FAs by decreasing the expression of ELOVL. Thus, IFN-γ may contribute to the chronicity of AD by impairing barrier function.
A Case Report on Endodontic Management of a Rare Vertucci Type III Maxillary Canine
Authors: Sahoo Hrudi Sundar , Kurinji Amalavathy R. , Pavani D.
Published: January 2019

Success in root canal treatment demands a thorough knowledge of usual root canal anatomy and its variations pertaining to every tooth. Variations in root canal anatomy are often accompanied by complex orientation of pulp tissues making a thorough mechanical and chemical debridement a challenge. Inability to treat such complexities often leads to endodontic failure. Upon a quick review of the literature, it has been noted that very few root canal complexities in maxillary canines have been reported. To be a successful clinician, one must be aware of such rare anatomical instances in maxillary canines. Based on possible branching of the root canal system, root canal configurations of permanent teeth were divided into eight different types by Vertucci. The classification included single to three separate root canals. This case report presents a permanent right maxillary canine which is single rooted having a single canal orifice and a root canal dividing into two canals (buccal and palatal) at the middle third of the root and then joining at the apical third, before exiting with a single apical foramen (Vertucci type III).
Atraumatic Gluteal Compartment Syndrome Presenting in a Young Female with Unilateral Lower Extremity Symptoms
Authors: Maxon Morgan , Cackovic Curt
Published: January 2019

Gluteal compartment syndrome is a rare condition that often develops following immobilization either secondary to illicit drug and alcohol abuse or improper surgical positioning. A case of a 22-year-old female with left lower extremity pain, weakness, and numbness after prolonged stasis from a night of drug and alcohol use is presented. She also complained of left low back pain. Her initial neurologic examination was significant for decreased deep tendon reflexes, decreased motor strength, and decreased sensation in the left lower extremity. Severe pain in the affected region persisted despite several attempts at pain control utilizing multiple modalities. An emergent MRI of the lumbar spine revealed gluteal compartment syndrome. The patient ultimately underwent emergent fasciotomy with resultant improvement in neurologic symptoms. Because presenting symptoms are frequently nonspecific in initial stages, gluteal compartment syndrome is often misdiagnosed. This can lead to unnecessary morbidity and mortality. It is important to maintain a high index of suspicion for gluteal compartment syndrome because delay in diagnosis can lead to nerve palsy, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and/or death.
Heuristic UTD Solution for Antennas Near a Complex Platform
Authors: Pimpatang Awika , Lertwiriyaprapa Titipong , Phongcharoenpanich Chuwong
Published: January 2019

This paper is aimed at developing an approximate and relatively simple but closed-form uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) solution for describing the radiated and scattered fields by an antenna near a complex platform consisting of a three-dimensional (3-D) thin material-coated metallic surface, including edges and corners. Unlike the previous works that consider primarily plane wave scattering, the developed solution can also treat radiation/scattering problems of antennas near finite material-coated metallic surfaces which are composed of edges and corners. The developed solution, which is formulated by using a heuristic approach, recovers the proper local plane wave Fresnel reflection coefficient. In addition, the developed UTD-diffracted fields will satisfy the radiation condition, boundary conditions on the conductor. The accuracy of the developed solution is verified by comparing with simulation results from a computer software. It is found that the results from our developed solution agree well with those of references. However, some small discrepancies occur but it is good enough for engineering applications. The proposed solution can be very useful for antenna engineers to design multiple antennas with an electrically large complex material-coated platform.
MR Defecography in Assessing Functional Defecation Disorder: Diagnostic Value of the Defecation Phase in Detection of Dyssynergic Defecation and Pelvic Floor Prolapse in Females
Authors: Li Min , Jiang Tao , Peng Peng , Yang Xinqing
Published: January 2019

Objective: Dyssynergic defecation (DD) and pelvic floor prolapse often coexist in female functional defecation disorder. A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the ability of dynamic MR sequences with the straining and defecation phase to detect paradoxical puborectalis contraction and occult multiple-compartments disorders. Methods: Fifty-three females clinically diagnosed with DD underwent magnetic resonance defecography. The dynamic sequences consist of rest, squeeze, straining, and defecation. The straining phase (pre rectal filling) and defecation phase (post rectal filling) were acquired to assess for pelvic floor relaxation and pelvic organ descent. MR images were analyzed by 2 radiologists with regard to paradoxical puborectalis contraction (changes in the anorectal angle [ARA]) and the presence of pelvic organ prolapse in straining phase and defecation phase independently. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon’s matched-pairs signed-ranks test and Crosstabs test for matched pairs. Results: Among the 53 patients with DD, 24 individuals (45.3%) were diagnosed DD with multifocal disorders. Comparison between the straining and the defecation phase revealed that there was no significant difference in the change of the ARA (p > 0.05), while significant differences were found in cystocele, vaginal or cervical prolapse, rectocele and descending perineum syndrome between the straining and the defecation phase (p < 0.05). The defecation phase with impaired evacuation distinguished additional anterior/middle compartments findings in female DD patients. Conclusion: The straining phase and the defecation phase have the same ability in assessing paradoxical puborectalis contraction of the DD. Compared with the straining phase, the defecation phase provides the maximum stress to the pelvic floor resulting in complete levator ani relaxation. In addition to diagnosing the abnormal anorectal function, the defecation phase with the discharge of the rectal filling demonstrates maximum anterior/middle pelvic organ descent in DD patients.
Osteoprotective Effect of Cimiracemate in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis by Osteoprotegerin/Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κ B/Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-Β Ligand Signaling
Authors: Ding Zheng , Shi Huifeng , Yang Wei
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Present investigation determines the protective effect of cimiracemate A against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rat. Methods: Osteoporosis was induced by injecting methylprednisolone acetate (21 mg/kg) for the period of 6 weeks, and the rats were treated with cimiracemate A 5 and 10 mg/kg, p.o. 60 min after the administration of methylprednisolone acetate (21 mg/kg) for the duration of 6 weeks. Effect of cimiracemate A was observed by estimating the microarchitecture of bone and histopathological changes by micro-CT scan and light microscope. Moreover, lipid profile, mediators of inflammation, and parameters that affect bone formation were determined in the serum and western blot assay, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was done for the estimation of protein expression in the bone tissues. Moreover, cytotoxic effect of cimiracemate A on bone marrow macrophages and bone marrow stromal cells was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results: Result of the investigation suggests that treatment with cimiracemate A ameliorates the microarchitecture of bone and histopathological changes in the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rat. Level of lipid and mediators of inflammation was significantly reduced in the serum of cimiracemate A-treated rats than the negative control group. However, the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and the level of collagen type I fragments in the serum were found to be reduced, and osteocalcin level was enhanced in cimiracemate A-treated rats than the negative control group. Moreover, treatment with cimiracemate A attenuates the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANK), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rats. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study suggests that cimiracemate A protects the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by regulating the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway.
Evaluation of Antidepressant Effects on Recovery of Electrical Field Stimulation-Induced Contractions that have been Suppressed by Clonidine in Isolated Rat Vas Deferens
Authors: Obara Keisuke , Michino Mayumi , Ito Masataka , Ao Lin , Sawada Ayano , Yamaki Fumiko , Matsuo Kazuhiro , Yoshio Takashi , Tanaka Yoshio
Published: January 2019

Background: A report examining whether clinically available antidepressants increase urethral smooth muscle contraction via antagonistic effects on the α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) is lacking. Objectives: The present study was performed to evaluate the potential of clinically available antidepressants to reverse α2-AR-mediated contractile inhibition in rat vas deferens, in order to predict whether they can induce voiding impairment. Method: The effects of 18 antidepressants of different classes on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contractions suppressed by 10–8 mol/L clonidine (a selective α2-AR agonist) in isolated rat vas deferens were investigated and related to their respective clinical blood concentrations. Results: The EFS-induced contractions suppressed by clonidine were recovered by amitriptyline (a tricyclic antidepressant), mirtazapine (a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant), and trazodone (a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist) at concentrations close to the clinical blood levels. EFS-induced contractions were also recovered by trimipramine, clomipramine (tricyclic antidepressants), mianserin (a tetracyclic antidepressant), sertraline (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI]), and sulpiride (a dopamine D2-receptor antagonist), albeit at concentrations that substantially exceeded their clinically-achievable blood levels. EFS-induced contractions were not significantly affected by imipramine, nortriptyline, amoxapine (tricyclic antidepressants), maprotiline (a tetracyclic antidepressant), fluvoxamine, paroxetine, escitalopram (SSRIs), milnacipran, duloxetine (serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors), and aripiprazole (a dopamine partial agonist). Conclusions: These findings suggest that amitriptyline, mirtazapine, and trazodone induce voiding impairment caused by increased urethral resistance by enhancing sympathetic nerve activities attributed to α2-AR antagonism.
“Homens de vergonha não levam desaforo para casa”: estrutura e história em uma etnografia sobre brigas de família no sertão pernambucano
Authors: Dupin Leonardo Vilaça , Doula Sheila Maria
Published: January 2019

Em um pequeno município pernambucano, os sujeitos de disputas históricas locais têm despertado a atenção pela transformação dos modos característicos de socialização diante de novas configurações que chegam ao local. Conflitos que marcaram profundamente tantas biografias e a própria história da cidade, agora parecem ficar subentendidos em meio a mudanças nas configurações sociais alavancadas por políticas públicas de origem externa. Considerando a importância dos valores e práticas locais diante de influências externas e macrossociais, tais atores sociais têm desafiado leituras analíticas sobre seus modos de dialogar com tradições e modernizações. Sob essa perspectiva, esta pesquisa propõe analisar, de um lado, as relações sociais “nativas” e, de outro, a forma como essa estrutura simbólica local reage às intervenções exógenas.
Monitorar, negociar e confrontar: as (re)definições na gestão dos ilegalismos em favelas “pacificadas”
Authors: Menezes Palloma Valle
Published: January 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as (re)definições que ocorreram na gestão diferencial dos ilegalismos em favelas cariocas a partir da inauguração das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadoras. Com base em uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada nas duas primeiras favelas “pacificadas”, mapeio os impactos da upp nas modalidades de presença, nos modos de ação e de interação entre policias e jovens que atuam no comércio varejista de drogas ilegais. Defendo a hipótese de que monitorar, negociar e confrontar são as principais modalidades da gestão dos ilegalismos em favelas cariocas. E sugiro que analisar as variações e combinações entre essas modalidades é fundamental para compreender os campos de forças presentes em favelas “pacificadas” e, consequentemente, analisar o processo de ascensão e queda das UPPs.
Rossi, Gustavo. O intelectual feiticeiro: Edison Carneiro e o campo de estudos das relações raciais no Brasil
Authors: Tambascia Christiano Key
Published: January 2019

Resenha crítica do livro de Gustavo Rossi, O Intelectual Feiticeiro: Edison Carneiro e o campo de estudos das relações raciais no Brasil, Campinas, Editora da Unicamp, 2015
Weber, Max. Verstehende Soziologie und Werturteilsfreiheit. Schriften und Reden 1908-1917 [Sociologia compreensiva e controvérsia sobre os valores. Escritos e Alocuções: 1908-1917]
Authors: Sell Carlos Eduardo
Published: January 2019

A resenha realiza um balanço crítico-analítico dos textos selecionados para compor o número 12 da Coleção Max Weber Gesamtausgabe que trata da Controvérsia sobre os valores e da Sociologia Compreensiva.
Socialização e dominação: A Escola de Frankfurt e a cultura
Authors: Della Torre de Carvalho Lima Bruna , Altheman Camargo Santos Eduardo
Published: January 2019

O artigo discute as contribuições da Escola de Frankfurt ao debate sobre a cultura no capitalismo. São analisados escritos de Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno e Herbert Marcuse que, com peculiaridades e nuances, partilham um diagnóstico geral a respeito do funcionamento da cultura no capitalismo tardio. O fio condutor do artigo é examinar como a cultura é investigada por esses autores como uma esfera indispensável à reprodução ampliada das relações capitalistas, na medida em que se instaura como uma instância privilegiada de socialização e subjetivação, especialmente após a Segunda Guerra Mundial.
O fetichismo na ciência e a crise da razão
Authors: De Maria Fábio , Pissardo Carlos Henrique
Published: January 2019

A crítica ao caráter fetichista da ciência contemporânea foi um elemento central das contribuições do Instituto de Pesquisas Sociais de Frankfurt. Com base nas obras de Horkheimer e Adorno, pretendemos ressaltar aspectos frequentemente negligenciados pela recepção da “teoria crítica”, a saber: (a) a continuidade de fundo entre as reflexões feitas nos anos de 1930 e aquelas formuladas na Dialética do esclarecimento e em Eclipse da razão; (b) a importância, como elemento mediador entre esses dois períodos, das transformações pelas quais passava o capitalismo no entreguerras, tais como a integração do proletariado e a reconfiguração do uso da técnica; (c) o caráter histórico-materialista da interpretação feita pelos autores dos processos de subjetivação da razão e de inversão da ciência em magia.
Racionalismo e reificação em ​História e consciência de classe
Authors: Musse Ricardo
Published: January 2019

História e consciência de classe é considerado, consensualmente, como um dos marcos de fundação do marxismo ocidental. Sua contribuição para a gênese da teoria crítica tampouco pode ser desprezada. O presente artigo procura mostrar como alguns conceitos decisivos do arcabouço teórico da Escola de Frankfurt foram desenvolvidos em 1923 por Georg Lukács. Destaca, sobretudo, os conceitos de reificação e racionalismo. História e consciência de classe considera a reificação, seguindo uma trilha aberta por Karl Marx, o fenômeno central da sociedade capitalista. O racionalismo é exposto em duas dimensões articuladas, na esfera do pensamento – em especial na ciência e na filosofia –, e no âmbito da vida material, como racionalidade econômica.
Unhappy consciousness, one-dimensionality, and the possibility of social transformation.
Authors: Farr Arnold
Published: January 2019

The present article departs from concepts and ideas thoroughly developed by Herbert Marcuse. As such, it deals with his approach concerning the possibility of social transformation, looking to problematize the obstacles and hardships associated to the ongoing forms of social domination. To take this through, central works such as Eros and civilization and One-dimensional man are taken up, along with a number of lesser known texts and posthumously published reflections. Asserting the influence of Hegel, Marx and Freud, it is considered possible to criticize some of the existing contradictions that mark capitalist relations, interpreting them dialectically and immanently to unveil the potentials for social change through democratic attunement.
Apresentação ao Dossiê - Teoria crítica
Authors: Musse Ricardo , Klein Stefan
Published: January 2019

Apresentação ao Dossiê - Teoria crítica
Conexão repórter: elementos identitários em vinheta de abertura
Authors: Schiavoni Jaqueline Esther
Published: January 2019

Buscaremos explicitar neste artigo algumas das características que norteiam a produção do programa Conexão Repórter, exibido semanalmente pelo Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão. Por objeto escolhemos a vinheta de abertura da atração, visto que a peça cumpre a função de apresentar a identidade de programa. As análises foram realizadas a partir dos desdobramentos teóricos da semiótica francesa propostos por Jacques Fontanille na obra Corpo e Sentido (2016). Os resultados apontam para um tipo de produção que tem como estratégia a recuperação do tempo passado em seu processo de enunciação, fazendo isso por meio da exploração de diferentes tipos de marcas (superfície, diegética, motora, dêitica).
Aprovação de contas municipais com irregularidades gravíssimas: quando a auditoria técnica não é suficiente
Authors: Azambuja Patricia Adriana , Teixeira Aridelmo , Nossa Silvania Neris
Published: January 2019

O estudo analisa a dinâmica dos votos de relatores e conselheiros no plenário do Tribunal de Contas de Mato Grosso. Eventuais irregularidades nas contas municipais de governos são apontadas no relatório de auditoria, que então segue para a análise do Ministério Público de contas para ser relatado e votado em plenário. Identificou-se um processo de reversão dos apontamentos da auditoria, reduzindo a propensão à reprovação das contas mesmo na presença de irregularidades gravíssimas. O voto do relator tem uma grande influência no resultado da votação do pleno, e o fato do relator ser indicado politicamente implica na redução da probabilidade de reprovação das contas nestes casos.
Le concept du multilinguisme dans la poétique autobiographique de Vladimir Nabokov
Authors: Garziano Svetlana
Published: January 2019

O conceito do multiliguismo, etiqueta solidamente colada à arte de Vladimir Nabokov, é muito importante para compreender sua poética autobiográfica que se desenvolve em três línguas: russo, inglês e francês. O artigo examina os princípios da escritura plurilíngue na obra nabokoviana através de quatro temas estruturantes: bilinguismo / multilinguismo da escritura, tradução e autotradução, relação binária das línguas russa e inglesa na autobiografia e o problema da passagem do inglês para o russo segundo o exemplo de Druguíe beregá e de Lolita. A teoria linguística de Nabokov consiste em buscar uma língua universal, a da criação artística, o sentido que se transfere de uma língua à outra pelo viés de imagens visuais. Para este escritor, a tradução deve significar e fazer aparecer na consciência do leitor aquilo que não depende de nenhum idioma: o “entre-línguas”, a relação entre as línguas.
Duas sonatas russas
Authors: Araujo de Godoy José Roberto
Published: January 2019

Este artigo procura investigar aproximações e diferenças entre o conto “A propósito da sonata a Kreutzer”, de Nikolai Leskov, e a novela A sonata a Kreutzer, de Liév Tolstói, quanto às suas constituições formais. Partindo da análise que Walter Benjamin realiza sobre as especificidades dos contos de Leskov, em “O narrador. Considerações sobre a obra de Nikolai Leskov”, nossa proposta é averiguar as tensões entre formas longas e breves na Modernidade, e de que maneira estas são internalizadas nas obras desses autores russos no final do século XIX.
Urinary cotinine in tobacco farmers in Southern Brazil
Authors: Fassa Anaclaudia Gastal , Meucci Rodrigo Dalke , Fiori Nadia Spada , Carrett Maria Laura Vidal , Faria Neice Muller Xavier
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To describe urinary cotinine levels in tobacco farmers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2,570 tobacco farmers. All participants that reported green tobacco sickness in the week prior to the interview plus a subsample of 492 pesticide applicators were included. We collected urinary samples and information about sociodemographic, behavioral, dietary, occupational characteristics, and pesticide poisoning during their lifetime. Stratification by sex and smoking was performed and the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametrical tests were used to analyze cotinine means. RESULTS: This study included 582 individuals. There was no difference in urinary cotinine means between green tobacco sickness symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Among non-smokers, having picked tobacco in the previous week was associated with higher cotinine means in both genders. Cotinine levels were higher on the first day of symptoms and reduced exponentially with each day in female non-smokers. Male non-smokers had higher levels on the second day and a more gradual reduction. The cotinine level rose up to 15 cigarettes/day of consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The urinary cotinine measures exposure to nicotine up to its saturation point; while green tobacco sickness, affected by tolerance, indicates nicotine poisoning. Strategies to reduce nicotine exposure in tobacco production are needed. Mechanization could be an alternative, as long as it overcame the challenge of irregular terrain and did not affect the quality of the leaf. More studies are needed to evaluate the chronic effect of nicotine exposure.
Challenges of health services related to the population displaced by violence in Mexico
Authors: Duarte-Gómez María Beatriz , Cuadra-Hernández Silvia Magali , Ruiz-Rodríguez Myriam , Arredondo Armando , Cortés-GilI Jesús David
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impacts of the care to the population displaced by violence on the health system and the challenges that this entails. METHODS: This is a narrative review of the national and international literature in PubMed, SciELO, WHO/PAHO, and Bireme. Inclusion criteria were date of publication ( from 2000), relation with the subject, and language (Spanish or English). We found 292 documents, of which 91 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The main challenges are the intersectoral, participatory, and integral approach (with emphasis on mental health and sexual and reproductive health), ensured accessibility to health services, the need for a reliable registration and information system of the population displaced by violence and its characteristics, and the addressing of the biopsychosocial problems of the different groups, especially women, persons with disabilities or infectious diseases, adolescents, children, ethnic minorities, older adults and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersexual population. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of political will to accept and see the internal displacement by violence and its importance as a humanitarian and public health problem is an obstacle to the adequate and timely care of the population displaced by violence in Mexico.
Private Governance in Developing Countries: Drivers of Voluntary Carbon Offset Programs
Authors: Andonova Liliana B. , Sun Yixian
Published: January 2019

In the Paris Agreement era of climate governance, private market-based initiatives are expected to play a catalytic role in achieving global commitments. However, the literature has been largely silent on the political causes of the variable and often limited uptake of such initiatives in the Global South. This article uses original project-level data to investigate the participation in voluntary carbon offset (VCO) programs across developing countries. We argue that, paradoxically, access to formal international institutions and linkages with domestic priorities are key factors for participation in voluntary carbon markets, reducing asymmetries in information, capacity, and interest in developing contexts. Our statistical analysis finds that institutions such as the Clean Development Mechanism and targeted foreign aid, as well as domestic concerns such as climate vulnerability and advancing renewable energy, shape in important ways the variable engagement in VCO projects. Our analysis also suggests that the design of private regulations can be fine-tuned to better capture synergies between local concerns and transnational climate action.
Redescription of Lernaeenicus ramosus Kirtisinghe, 1956 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Pennellidae), with description of its male and the postnaupliar developmental stages
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: January 2019

Lernaeenicus ramosus Kirtisinghe, 1956 is redescribed on the basis of metamorphosed females recovered from the body surface of Epinephelus akaara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1842) (Pisces, Serranidae). Also the male, copepodid I, both sexes of chalimus II and III, and chalimus IV male were recovered, together with the females, from the branchial lamellae of the same host and are herein described for the first time for the species. The developmental process of leg 4 in L. ramosus differs from that in L. sprattae (Sowerby, 1806).
Some observations of Cancer pagurus Linnaeus, 1758 (Decapoda, Brachyura) in deep water
Authors: Bakke Snorre , Buhl-Mortensen Lene , Buhl-Mortensen Pål
Published: January 2019

Available species information pages and fact sheets define 100 to 200 m as the maximum depth of occurrence for Cancer pagurus. We here present some observations from video transects conducted in Sognesjøen, Norway, where numerous individuals of adult C. pagurus were observed at more than 400 m depth. Within the area investigated, 81 live crabs, 3 dead crabs/exuviae, and 32 areas with concentrated shell remnants were counted. In addition, several areas were covered with obvious crawling tracks from crabs. Spatial variation in the density of live crabs, remnants, and tracks varied between 0 and 52 crabs/100 m2. Size estimations based on 19 individuals showed an average carapace width of 14.5 cm. Possible explanations for why the crabs are present at these depths, are discussed.
Monocorophium acherusicum (Amphipoda, Corophiidae), a species commensal to Diogenidae in Arcachon Bay, Bay of Biscay
Authors: Gouillieux Benoit
Published: January 2019

Hermit crabs are well-known to shelter many epibiotic, endobiotic or endolithic species in their shell, and examination of shells inhabited by hermit crabs in Arcachon Bay reveals the presence of several such species. Among them is the amphipod Monocorophium acherusicum, a species originally described from European waters and now known to be well distributed throughout the world, but not previously recorded to be commensal with hermit crabs, as reported herein.
The polychaete Histriobdella homari and major groups of epibionts on the European lobster, Homarus gammarus and other decapods
Authors: Øresland Vidar
Published: January 2019

The quantitative biology and ecology of epibiotic communities on decapods are only vaguely known. An analytic method revealed close to 100% of metazoan epibionts among the eggs and gills of some decapods in Swedish waters. High abundances of the epibiotic polychaete Histriobdella homari were found (100% prevalence) and European lobsters, Homarus gammarus, with a carapace length of 100 mm have, as a mean, approx. 6700 H. homari among their old eggs, underlining the importance of these epibiont polychaetes as cleaners of lobster eggs (and gills). For the first time, a nematode (Pontonema sp.) was found feeding on H. homari. Gills of American lobsters, Homarus americanus, caught in Swedish waters were infested with the European parasitic copepod Nicothoe astaci (80% prevalence). This study shows that on decapods a number of epibionts (Ciliophora, Nematoda, Hydrachnidia, Copepoda, Ostracoda, Amphipoda and Kinorhyncha) can be quantified, using the method adopted here, which will enable a better understanding of epibiotic communities.
Habitat utilization by an intertidal isopod, Dynoides dentisinus Shen, 1929 (Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae)
Authors: Nakamachi Takeru , Asakura Akira
Published: January 2019

Intertidal isopods use a variety of living or non-living objects as habitats, although only a few studies have been made on their ecological function and significance. In the present study, the habitat utilization by the sphaeromatid isopod, Dynoides dentisinus was recorded based on observations on intertidal rocky shores in the warm temperate zone of Japan during the period from 2014 to 2018. The adults of this species have a remarkable sexual dimorphism in the morphology of their armature: adult males possess an elongate pleonal process, like a large horn, on the dorsal side of the pleon and have large uropods. On the other hand, females do not have such a horn, and the uropods are small. Differences in habitat use were seen according to the stage in the life history of the species. Juveniles lived on, or amongst, algae and were sometimes associated with molluscs such as chitons, limpets and whelks. Adults inhabited the cryptic habitats such as gaps in algal holdfasts, oscula of demosponges, dead barnacle shells, cavities of dead corals, and crevices in sand rocks. Generally, a single adult male was present in each cryptic habitat, keeping head in down position, and one or more females cohabited inside with the male. These suggest that D. dentisinus has a biphasic life history; juveniles live and feed on algal cover or use the spaces between the ventral sides of the molluscs and the surfaces of the rocks as a refuge from desiccation. Adults breed in the cryptic habitats, forming a polygynous group.
International Cooperation on Migration Control: Towards a Research Agenda for Refugee Law
Authors: Gammeltoft-Hansen Thomas
Published: January 2019

This article sets out by reviewing the interplay between policy and law when it comes to measures aimed at deterring migrants and refugees. The current trend towards international cooperation represents a significant turning point, it is argued, creating important challenges for existing strategies of refugee and human rights lawyers. On this basis, and with a view to recent scholarship, the article explores three different avenues to address the current generation of deterrence. The first involves a step back to re-examine other bases for establishing extraterritorial human rights jurisdiction. Secondly, it is argued that existing efforts to establish state responsibility in the context of deterrence suffer from a Global North bias, and that more attention should be paid to the concurrent responsibility of partner states in regions of transit and origin, as well as the legal structures and litigation possibilities in these jurisdictions. Third and finally, the article makes a plea to move beyond narrow legal analysis in favor of more inter-disciplinary approaches highlighting the wider political and sociological dynamics pertaining to this area.
A systematic revision of Neotropical lizards in the clade Hoplocercinae (Squamata: Iguania)
Authors: TORRES-CARVAJAL OMAR , ETHERIDGE RICHARD , DE QUEIROZ KEVIN
Published: January 2019

The clade Hoplocercinae includes 13 species assigned to three taxa traditionally ranked as genera—Enyalioides, Hoplocercus, and Morunasaurus—, and distributed on both sides of the Andes from Panama to Brazil. We provide a revised taxonomy of Hoplocercinae including synonymies, diagnoses, standardized descriptions, distributions, notes on color and natural history, and a key for species identification. We also propose vernacular names in English and Spanish for all species.
Description of the larva of Archilestes exoletus (Hagen in Selys) (Odonata: Lestidae)
Authors: DALZOCHIO MARINA SCHMIDT , RODRIGUES MARCIEL ELIO
Published: January 2019

The larva of Archilestes exoletus (Hagen in Selys, 1862) is described and illustrated based on exuviae of reared larvae collected in Cascavel, State of Paraná, Brazil. The larva of A. exoletus can be distinguished from other species of Archilestes of which the larva has been described by the absence of a lateral spine at the margin of the 4 th abdominal segment and having the cleft of the ligula closed.
A new genus of fungus-inhabiting blattisociid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Phytoseioidea) from Middle America, with a key to genera and subgenera of the subfamily Blattisociinae
Authors: MORAZA MARÍA L. , LINDQUIST EVERT E.
Published: January 2019

The genus Fungiseius gen. nov. is described, based on adults of two newly described species. These rather short-legged mites, with their second pair of legs markedly thickened, have been collected only from bracket fungi. The more generalized form, F. clavulisetis gen. et sp. nov., is based on female specimens from Chiapas Province, southern Mexico. The more derivative form, F. armatus gen. et sp. nov., is based on females and males from several samples of bracket fungi in lowland tropical rainforest of Costa Rica, where they coexist with a remarkable variety of other blattisociine mites. Notable morphological attributes peculiar to adults of this genus include the dorsal shield having a delineated lateral rim that bears a row of setae of the lateral or marginal series, legs II greatly thickened, with enlarged, claw-like setae on the dorsolateral face of the tarsus, and deep furrows postgenitally on females and postanally on males and females. Comparisons are made with fungus-inhabiting mites of the genus Hoploseius, whose adults also have the second pair of legs thickened. A revised key to the world genera and subgenera of the subfamily Blattisociinae is presented; the genus Orthadenella Athias-Henriot is excluded, and placed in the ascoid family Melicharidae. The subgenera Borinquolaelaps Fox, Crinidens Karg, and Cuspiacus Christian & Karg, sensu Christian & Karg 2006 are treated as new synonyms of the subgenus Lasioseius Berlese.
Diversity and distribution of assemblages of estuarine decapod larvae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) in tropical southeastern Brazil
Authors: MAGRIS R. A. , FERNANDES L. F. LOUREIRO
Published: January 2019

Decapod larvae assemblages were studied in the tropical estuaries off southeastern Brazil (Piraquê-açú and Piraquê-mirim rivers estuaries). A total of 32 taxa of decapod larvae were recorded. Brachyuran larvae dominated in Piraquê-açú estuary, with 62% of the relative abundance, and 49% in Piraquê-mirim estuary. Mean larvae concentrations ranged from 17.2 m -3 at Piraquê-mirim (August 2003) to 221.1 m -3 at Piraquê-açú (April 2003). The assemblage of larvae in both estuaries was diverse, especially at Piraquê-mirim, which showed higher ecological stability. The high spatial heterogeneity of the Piraquê-açú and Piraquê-mirim estuarine system resulted in the division of the assemblage into two well-defined groups (truly estuarine and euryhaline). Salinity spatial gradient was a key factor in the structure and distribution of larvae.
Five new East-Asian species of the genus Ypsolopha Latreille (Lepidoptera: Ypsolophidae)
Authors: PONOMARENKO MARGARITA G. , SOHN JAE-CHEON , ZINCHENKO YULIYA N. , WU CHUN-SHENG
Published: January 2019

Five new species of the genus Ypsolopha Latreille are described from East Asia: Y. atrobrunnella Ponomarenko et Sohn, sp. nov. from Russia and China; Y. acerella Ponomarenko, Sohn et Zinchenko, sp. nov. from Russia and Korea; Y. yangi Ponomarenko et Sohn sp. nov. from Russia and China; Y. tesselatidorsata Ponomarenko et Zinchenko sp. nov. from Russia; Y. lutisplendida Sohn et Wu, sp. nov. from China. The host plants are indicated for Y. atrobrunnella (Crataegus maximowiczii Schneid., Pyrus sp.), Y. acerella (Acer ginnala Maxim.) and Y. lutisplendida (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.).
Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)
Authors: LÓSS SIMONE , COSTA LEONORA PIRES , LEITE YURI L. R.
Published: January 2019

The gracile mouse opossum Gracilinanus microtarsus occurs mainly along the Atlantic forest of eastern and southern Brazil. Earlier studies revealed high levels of genetic divergence among samples across its range. Here, we analyzed the congruence of geographic variation between molecular and morphological characters to evaluate whether the populations that have been segregated by molecular divergence represent more than one species, as previously suggested. We examined 195 specimens of G. microtarsus, 94 of G. agilis, and 12 of Cryptonanus sp., and inferred a phylogeny based on 25 discrete morphological characters. We compared this result with a phylogeny based on partial cytochrome b sequences of 27 specimens. The monophyly of the genus, and of both G. microtarsus and G. agilis were corroborated by morphological and molecular analyses. The molecular phylogeny recovered three clades, and the morphological data indicated three distinct lineages, which also segregated in morphometric space, indicating the possibility of occurrence of three cryptic species within what is currently identified as G. microtarsus. However, morphological and molecular phylogenies were not completely congruent, and the morphological classification of the specimens included in the molecular analysis resulted in a paraphyletic group in the molecular phylogeny. Hence, our results suggest that G. microtarsus represents one species, diagnosable by morphological and molecular characters, showing strong morphological and molecular variation throughout its distributional range.
Hlavaciellus Jałoszyński, 2006: eleven new species, detailed morphology and systematic position within Cephenniini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: January 2019

Eleven new species of Hlavaciellus Jałoszyński, 2006 are described from Malaysia: H. adelphos, H. angustifrons, H. bifoveatus, H. cirrus, H. clandestinus, H. decoratus, H. extremalis, H. metrios, H. miser, H. peninsularis, and H. smetanai. Diagnostic characters, including head modifications of males and aedeagi are illustrated, and detailed morphology of Hlavaciellus is described for the first time on the basis of disarticulated specimens. A preliminary parsimony-based phylogenetic analysis of most currently known genera of the Cephenniini (with two genera of the Eutheiini as an outgroup) provided a robust support for the previously suggested placement of Hlavaciellus as a sister group taxon to Cephennodes Reitter, 1884. The Cephennomicrus group of genera was placed as a sister group to Cephennodes + Hlavaciellus.
New species of Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Crustacea: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) from Paraná, Brazil
Authors: CAMPOS-FILHO IVANKLIN S. , ARAUJO PAULA BEATRIZ
Published: January 2019

The Neotropical genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 includes 22 species, three of them allocated to the subgenus Benthanoscia Lemos de Castro, 1958. A new species is described from the state of Paraná, Brazil. This new species is distinguished from its congeners by having 8+2 aesthetascs on the antennula, the first article of the antennal flagellum unpigmented, the proximal inner tooth of the inner pectinate set of the maxillula with 7 denticles, and the pleopod 1 exopod with a dentiform protrusion with a concave appearance.