bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Investigations on Diospyros malabarica leaves extracts for anti-inflammatory and wound healing activity
Authors: Pradhan Pratap Chandra , Kori Mohan Lal
Published: December 2023

The present study aimed to screen different extracts of Diospyros malabarica leaves for antiinflammatory and wound-healing effect in mice. Phytochemical screening of different extracts i.e. petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts, were performed using different chemical test. All extracts were subjected to study antiinflammatory effects using xylene-induced edema and wound healing activity using an incision wound model. Antiinflammatory potential was recorded by observing the mice’s percent inhibition of edema, nitric oxide (NO) estimation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) action. The wound healing effect was observed by measurement of tensile strength, protein level and hydroxyproline level in the wound tissues. Observation of phytochemical study was confirmed that ethanolic extract of D. malabarica leaves contains glycosides and flavonoids as major chemical constituents. Antiinflammatory effect was confirmed by significant (p<0.05) percent inhibition of ear edema, significant reduction of NO level and MPO level of mice by ethanol extract of D. malabarica leaves. Wound healing potential was observed by the significant increase in tensile strength of wound tissue after treatment with ethanolic extract. A significant (p<0.05) increase in protein and hydroxyproline level of tissue were observed after treatment with ethanolic extract of D. malabarica. In conclusion, the potent antiinflammatory and wound healing effects of ethanolic extract of D. malabarica may be observed due to the presence of glycoside and flavonoid components.
Topical Delivery of Eberconazole Nitrate Loaded Microemulsion: Formulation, Design and Evaluation
Authors: Shah Nidhi , Patel Khushbu , Singhvi Indrajeet
Published: December 2023

The objective of the present research work was to develop microemulsion for the transdermal delivery of eberconazole nitrate (EBZ). Initially oil, surfactant and co-surfactant were selected based on their solubility and emulsification study respectively. Pseudo ternary phase diagram was constructed to optimize the surfactant-co surfactant (Smix) ratio. Eberconazole nitrate (EBZ) loaded microemulsion was optimized using central composite design (CCD) with amount of Capmul MCM (X1), tween 80 (X2) and Transcutol (X3) as independent variables along with cumulative amount of drug release (Q24) (Y1), flux (Jss) (Y2) and lag time (tL) (Y3)  as dependent variables. Drug release study of all the design batches showed successfully increased permeation of drug which might be due to compositional characteristics of ME. The globule size of the optimized batch of EBZ loaded ME (153.6nm) confirms the micrometer size of the formulation. Zeta potential and polydispersity index (PDI) of optimized batch was found to be -30.5 mV and 0.253 respectively which proved stability and uniform distribution of dispersed systems respectively. The optimized batch of MEs has the pH value of 6.96 ±0.21 which indicate there is no chance of skin irritation. Further Morphological and structural examination of the optimized batch of EBZ loaded ME was done by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and images illustrated the spherical micelles with size range of 100 – 200 nm which evidently may support the high absorption and results into enhancement of drug permeation which may increase the therapeutic effect, decrease the dose frequency and improving the patience compliance for topical drug delivery.
Design, Synthesis and Antifungal Evaluation of N-Substituted Maleimide Derivatives with an Imidazole and 2-Methyl Imidazole Moieties
Authors: Gaikwad Nitin , Deshmukh Rohini , Dumbare Mahesh , Mahale Keshav
Published: December 2023

A series of N-substituted maleimide derivatives with an attached imidazole and 2-methyl imidazole heterocyclic rings were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activity against four pathogenic fungi. The chemical structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra. Initially, all compounds 4a-4g, 5b and 5f were screened for qualitative (zone of inhibition) antifungal activity against C. albicans, A. fumigatus, A. niger, and A. oryzae. The screening results indicate that most of the synthesized compounds showed significant antifungal activity against the tested fungi. Furthermore, the compounds that showed a significant zone of inhibition were selected and tested quantitatively (MIC50 and IC50) against the same pathogenic fungi species. The MIC50 and IC50 results of selected compounds were analyzed. These results strongly suggest that compound 5f has shown promising antifungal activity. Furthermore, the structure–activity relationship of compound 5f revealed that compound substituted with the –F group possess prominent antifungal activity.
DESIGN AND COMPUTATIONAL EVALUATION OF NEW CARBAMATE DERIVATIVES FOR THE INHIBITION OF MONOACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE ENZYME BY USING DOCKING
Authors: Kashyap Abhishek , Rani Dimpy , Kumar Suresh , Bhatt Shailendra
Published: December 2023

Different disorders and physiological process have been found to be associated with monoacylglycerol lipase enzyme in humans, like pain, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases also. The enzyme is a 33 KDa in weight and a type of serine hydrolase enzyme in nature. The presence of enzyme has been reported in both central and peripheral nervous systems and has show its importance as a key signalling factor in endocannabinoid signalling network system. The enzyme has also reported as source of free fatty acid provider for the cancer cell and tumour growth and their proliferation. In proliferative cancer cells, increased the monoacylglycerol lipase activity is observed. The growth, migration and survival of cancer cells have also found to be associated with phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine phosphate and prostaglandin E2, which are act as signalling molecules and are found to be derived from free fatty acid. These are also found to be related to the growth, transmission and viability of cancer cells, which increases with the enzyme activity. In the present study we performing computation screening studies of newly designed monoacylglycerol inhibitors which contains carbamate features, these molecules are designed based on previously developed monoacylglycerol carbamate inhibitors.
Detection of 3-4 Methylenedioxyamphetamine from Drug Abuser’s Fingers and Toenails using Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy
Authors: Bansod Nandini , Goutam M. P.
Published: December 2023

Nails can stably accumulate substances for extended periods of time, thus providing retrospective information regarding drug abuse and pharmaceutical use. In recent years, drug analysis in human nail clippings has proven its significant value in forensic toxicological applications, identification of in utero drug exposure, monitoring of drug treatment programmes, and therapeutic drug monitoring. Nails have various advantages over conventional matrices (blood and urine), which include a longer detection window (months to years), non-invasive sample collection, and easy storage and transportation. These aspects make nails a very significant matrix for forensic toxicology and therapeutic drug monitoring. Because of the low concentrations of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals present in nails and the complexity of the keratinized matrix, analytical techniques need to be more sensitive, and sample preparation is crucial. The aim of the present study is to develop a simple high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy method for the identification and quantitation of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in fingernail and toenail clippings. Finger and toenail clippings were collected from six users undergoing treatment at a rehab centre in Ujjain, M.P., India. Nail clippings were initially decontaminated, then hydrolyzed in 1 M NaOH at 370°C, extracted with ethyl acetate, diluted with methanol, and then subjected to LC-MS analysis. The calibration curve was constructed over the concentration range of 0.5 ng/mL to 30 ng/mL using the MDA reference standard. The limit of detection was calculated at 1.10 ng/mL and the limit of quantification recorded at 3.67 ng/mL in standard solutions, whereas the respective values in spiked nail clippings were 1.21 ng/mg and 4.6 ng/mg. Through the developed method, significant results have been obtained in original nail clippings with mean concentration ranges of 0.12 ng/mg in fingernails and 0.08 ng/mg in toenails in six abuser samples. The new method developed has been found to be capable of detecting the 3,4-methylendioxyamphetamine (MDA) drug in nail clippings even after 90 days of drug intake.
GC-MS Analysis and In Silico Docking Study of Active Antifungal Components of Entada rheedei Spreng. (Seeds)
Authors: Belho Neithongunuo Angela , Veswuh Rukutalu , Solo Peter
Published: December 2023

Entada rheedei Spreng., is a liana or a climber belonging to the family Fabaceae and is widely distributed in tropical and sub-tropical areas. The seeds of Entada rheedei Spreng. has been found to contain important phytoconstituents such as phenolics, thioamides and saponins.  In this study, we investigated the antifungal properties of Entada rheedei Spreng. and imply in silico methods to study its bio-active phytoconstituents. The aqueous extract of the seeds exhibited significant antifungal inhibitions against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. GC-MS analysis reveals the presence of 13 bioactive compounds that could be potent fungal inhibitors. Subsequently, in silico Molecular docking analysis recognised benzoic acid, 2, 4-bis (trimethylsilyloxy)- trimethylsilyl ester as the active antifungal constituent of the aqueous extract with a docking score of -8.0570 and -9.4564 kcal/mol against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus respectively. The insilico studies were further backed by 100 ns Molecular Dynamics simulation studies. This study can thus lead to the production of potent plant based antifungal drugs.
Isolation, Characterization, In-silico and enzyme Inhibition studies of plant Bougainvillea spectabilis against a hyperoxaluria Initiator Glycolate oxidase
Authors: DAS PRABHAT KUMAR , VAGHELA JAI SINGH , DESHMUKH NITIN
Published: December 2023

Glycolate oxidase has long been thought to be a key player in the formation of oxalate accumulation in the human body. Both the endogenous synthesis of oxalate and clinically identified targets for the therapy of primary hyperoxaluria are affected by this disorder. The role of glycolate oxidase has been investigated in order to provide additional insight into the possible molecular pathways involved.  The presence of flavonoids in the ethanolic extract led to the conclusion that it was suitable following phytochemical screening. Column chromatography was used to isolate the active component using the proper solvent system. The structure of the active, separated phytoconstituents was ascertained using a variety of spectral techniques, including FTIR, NMR, and GCMS analysis. Following structure elucidation, glycolate oxidase (PDB: 2RDT) and Quercetin were used as standards in molecular docking investigations. Studies on in- vitro enzyme inhibition were carried out to verify the outcome. Following the investigation of the isolated compound's spectral data, it was determined that the structure might be 4-hydroxy-3-nitro coumarin. Using conventional standard flavonoid Quercetin, additional molecular docking studies were carried out to speculate on the compound's potential mechanism of action.  The chemical was discovered to be effective during the inhibition of the target enzyme by occupying the majority of the amino acid active sites. In-vitro enzyme inhibition tests provided additional confirmation for the computational investigations. The isolated compound's significant IC50 value in this study was demonstrated in comparison to standard Quercetin's efficacy. These findings supported the isolated compound's potential mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting the enzyme glycolate oxidase, in terms of its anti-urolithiasis efficacy. The study also provided justification for the compound's potential therapeutic application in urolithiasis.
Politik Hukum Perubahan Undang-Undang Kejaksaan terkait Kerjasama dengan Lembaga Penegak Hukum dan Instansi Lainnya
Authors: Aulia Alfy Nazah , Arfiani Arfiani , Andriani Henny
Published: December 2023

Legal politics is necessary for examining the changes that need to be made to Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Prosecutor's Office to meet the needs of society. An analysis in Article 33 of the aforementioned law, which shows how crucial law enforcement agencies are in collaborating in the implementation of state power. The purpose of this article is to understand the legal politics of change and the implications of changes in collaboration regulations between the Prosecutor's Office and other law enforcement agencies and institutions. This article uses a Normative Juridical method. The research findings are as follows: first, the legal politics of the changes in Law Number 16 of 2004, which became Law Number 11 of 2021 on amendments to Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Prosecutor's Office, especially in Article 33 related to the collaboration of the Republic of Indonesia's Prosecutor's Office with other law enforcement agencies and institutions, were established to determine the position of the Prosecutor's Office in law enforcement in Indonesia. Therefore, the Prosecutor's Office collaborates with other law enforcement agencies and institutions to achieve the goals of the Prosecutor's Office itself. Second, the implications of the changes in Article 33 of the aforementioned law have an impact on the role of the Prosecutor's Office in the performance of prosecution, which can collaborate with various national and international law enforcement agencies, including institutions or organizations. Collaboration between the Prosecutor's Office and other law enforcement agencies can be seen in Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs).
From the search for the "quiet girl" in N. Gumilev's poetry
Authors: Porol Polina Vadimovna , Porol Olga Anatolevna
Published: December 2023

N. Gumilev's appeal to the theme of China can be traced in a number of his poetic texts, the pinnacle of which can be called the cycle of poems "Porcelain Pavilion" (1918). The study examines one of the dominant Chinese images in N. Gumilev's poetry – the image of a Chinese girl, clearly visible among the space of poetic texts created by the poet – both Chinese and Russian. Special attention is paid to the interpretation of poetic works, the semantics and functioning of the image of a Chinese girl in the poet's perception are analyzed. During the research, the authors of the article turn to the cultural and historical realities of China, its philosophy and mythology. China and Russia are separated in N. Gumilev's mind and, at the same time, merged into one in a number of works. The reasoning and conclusions of the authors of the article are based on critical research, a comparison of two cultures. The analysis of poetic works was carried out in the semantic aspect using the search for textual parallels. The study was carried out using the structural-semiotic method. What was new in the work was the identification and interpretation of the image of a Chinese girl in N. Gumilev's poetry. During the research, the following poetic works were analyzed: "The Queen" (1909), "I believed, I thought..." (1911), "The Girl" (1912), "The Moon on the Sea" (1918), "The Road" (1918), "The Three Wives of the Mandarin" (1918). In the cycle "Porcelain Pavilion", the image of a Chinese girl occurs nine times. The genesis of the "quiet girl" in the poems under consideration is revealed. It was found that the image of a Chinese girl corresponds to the "canons of the image" of Nothing ("The Queen"). The image of a Chinese girl symbolizes the outcome of human existence in a world without God, without being in its highest sense ("I believed, I thought..."). In the poem "Moon on the Sea", as in the subsequent poems of the cycle "Porcelain Pavilion" ("Connection", "Poet", "House"), N. Gumilev adheres to the Chinese tradition, comparing the female image with the moon.
Practical aspects of using chatbots for learning the Russian language in intercultural communication
Authors: He Yanli
Published: December 2023

Сhatbot based on artificial intelligence is a comprehensive research and educational tool for Russian language teachers and Chinese students studying Russian language and culture. This article is devoted to the issue of integrating a chatbot into the educational process as part of the study of the Russian language by Chinese students. The possibilities of using a chatbot in the aspect of RFL in face-to-face and remote formats are considered, and its advantages and disadvantages in acquiring specific practical skills, in particular, when studying Russian numbers, are identified. The purpose of this research is to study the possibilities of using a chatbot to identify the meaning of language units and the correctness of grammatical structures, as well as cultural characteristics in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The research method is to analyze the correctness and usefulness of the chatbot's (ChatGLM) responses to questions related to the Russian language and culture. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the consideration of practical aspects of using a chatbot for studying the Russian language and culture. The results of this study show that the chatbot is a useful tool and allows you to practice language, ask questions in Russian and Chinese and receive answers from the system. To a limited extent, the chatbot can correct errors, suggest correct phrases and help students improve their foreign language communication skills. Machine learning methods and technologies, such as the chatbot, can be used to improve foreign language skills in the context of cross-cultural communication if treated judiciously. The results can be used to create methodological developments in the field of Russian-Chinese intercultural communication, as well as in the process of learning relevant languages.
A NEW THREE -TERM CONJUGATE GRADIENT ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING MINIMIZATION PROBLEMS
Authors: Omar Dilovan H. , Shareef Salah G. , Fathi Bayda G.
Published: December 2023

The method of optimization is used to determine the most precise value for certain functions within a certain domain; it is mostly studied and employed in the fields of mathematics, computer science, and physics. This work presents a novel three-term conjugate gradient (CG) approach for unconstrained optimization problems. Both the descending criteria and the sufficient descent criterion were met by the new approach. The novel method that has been proposed has been evaluated for global convergence. The outcomes of numerical trials on a few well-known test functions demonstrated how highly successful our new modified method is, depending on the number of iterations (NOI) and the number of functions to be evaluated (NOF).
ON THE ISSUE OF ADDITION TO THE CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOSITE PANELS IN THE DESIGN OF THE POST-BUCKLING STATE DURING COMPRESSION AND SHEAR
Authors: Митрофанов О.В.
Published: December 2023

В данной работе рассмотрен вопрос о дополнении к классификации композитных панелей для применения методик, разработанных в соответствии с методологией проектирования по закритическому состоянию. Особенности рассматриваемой задачи заключаются в принятии гипотез о принятии учитываемых напряжений, возникающих при закритическом поведении после потери устойчивости композитных обшивок.

In this paper, the issue of supplementing the classifi cation of composite panels for the application of techniques developed in accordance with the methodology of design for the post-buckling state is considered. The features of the problem under consideration are the acceptance of hypotheses about the acceptance of the stresses that occur during the post-buckling behavior after the loss of stability of composite sheaths.
STUDY OF ALKYLBENZENES IN PRODUCTS OF THERMOHYDROLYSIS OF SAPROPELITE AND HUMUS BROWN COALS
Authors: Рокосов Ю.В. , Рокосова Н.Н. , Дикунова Т.В. , Рокосова В.Ю.
Published: December 2023

С помощью метода хромато-масс-спектрометрии, с учетом закономерностей фрагментации соединений при ионизации электронным ударом, проведено сравнительное исследование состава алкилбензолов ближнего диапазона распределения (≤ n-C18) в продуктах термогидролиза сапропелитов Кушмурунского месторождения (Казахстан), гумусовых бурых углей Кайчакского (Кузбасс) и Кангаласского (Якутия) месторождений. Алкилбензолы идентифицировали по масс-спектрам с использованием базы данных NIST-11 и информационно-поисковых программ AMDIS и ChemStation.

Using the method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, taking into account the patterns of fragmentation of compounds during ionization by electron impact, a comparative study of the composition of alkylbenzenes in the near distribution range (≤ n-C18) in the products of thermal hydrolysis of sapropelites of the Kushmurun deposit (Kazakhstan), humic brown coals of Kaychak (Kuzbass) and Kangalas (Yakutia) deposits. Aromatic compounds were identifi ed by mass spectra using the NIST-11 database and AMDIS and ChemStation information retrieval programs.
Techniques and devices for maintaining standing position and regaining proprioception in paralysed dogs and cats
Authors: Henea Mădălina‑Elena , Şindilar Eusebiu‑ Viorel , Solcan Gheorghe
Published: December 2023

Paralyzed patients have always been ideal candidates for physiotherapy. Regardless of the cause that led to the onset of paralysis (whether localized or generalized), physiotherapy helps these patients with devices and methods designed to restore their proper functioning of the body, as well as the quality of life. Obtaining the standing position is the main stage in the therapeutic process, being the indispensable element for the entire protocol. The present study focused on the devices we developed over time, adapting them for each patient, depending on the degree of damage they presented and the possible associated pathologies. At the same time, we wanted these devices to be available for any therapist or even owner, being made of common materials, easy to find, but also affordable.
Nested Non-covalent Interactions Expand the Functions of Supramolecular Polymer Networks
Authors: Lundberg David , Brown Christopher , Bobylev Eduard , Oldenhuis Nathan , AlFaraj Yasmeen , Zhao Julia , Kevlishvili Ilia , Kulik Heather , Johnson Jeremiah
Published: December 2023

Supramolecular polymer networks contain reversible crosslinks that enable access to broadly tunable mechanical properties and stimuli-responsive behaviors. The incorporation of multiple unique supramolecular interactions within such materials can further expand their mechanical responses and functionality. To date, however, the design of supramolecular networks leveraging multiple distinct interactions has been accomplished through discrete combinations of independent supramolecular interactions, limiting materials design logic. Here we introduce the concept of leveraging “nested” supramolecular crosslinks, wherein two distinct supramolecular interactions exist in parallel and influence each other, to control bulk material functions. We demonstrate this concept using polymer-linked Pd2L4 metal-organic cage gels (polyMOCs) that exhibit both metal–ligand coordination and host-guest binding interactions within a single metal-organic cage network junction. The interplay of guest binding thermodynamics and metal–ligand exchange within each junction enables modulation of gel dynamics independent of stiffness, expands the stoichiometric window for gel assembly, and enables reversible sol-gel transitions as guest binding is introduced and further modulated. Such properties are not obtainable in traditional supramolecular materials where metal–ligand coordination and host-guest binding interactions exist in series.
Catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of switchgrass lignin with ethanol using spinel-type mixed-metal oxide catalysts affords control of the oxidation state of isolated aromatic products
Authors: Godwin James , Babusci Jonah , Wonderling Nichole , Shallenberger Jeffrey , Seabright Kendhl , Harper David , Chmely Stephen
Published: December 2023

Chemical reductions of lignin are useful to remove oxygen and create product slates that can function as renewable platform molecules for new fuels and chemicals. Catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis (CTH) is an underexplored method to conduct reductions of lignin that obviates the use of dangerous and non-renewable hydrogen gas. While noble metals are used extensively as catalysts for transfer hydrogenation, one major challenge for their deployment is related to their sustainability. In this work, we synthesized mixed-metal oxides of earth-abundant Co and Ni. We characterized these catalysts using powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and tested their reactivity for CTH of acetophenone. Among the catalysts we tested, we noted that the spinel NiCo2O4 demonstrated the highest conversion of acetophenone (75%) and highest selectivity for ethylbenzene (90%), so we applied it to valorization of switchgrass lignin extracted under mild operating conditions by cosolvent enhanced lignocellulosic fractionation (CELF). The catalytically depolymerized lignin showed an increase in selectively deoxygenated monomeric compounds. Using 2D-NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrated the lignin displayed highly reduced aliphatic carbons resulting from the reduction reaction at the Cα sites mediated by our catalyst material. These results are critical to the further development of the lignin-first biorefinery as they demonstrate the use of sustainable catalyst materials and mild transformation conditions to generate and refine a suite of new bioproducts.
Cationic and Oxygen Defects Modulation for Tailoring Bandgap and Room Temperature Ferromagnetism of CuO via Multiple d-Block Cations
Authors: Islam Md Shafayatul , Chowdhury Koushik Roy , Hoque Sheikh Manjura , Sharif Ahmed
Published: December 2023

The potential of oxide-based dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) for use in spintronics and magneto-optic devices has garnered a lot of attention over the years. However, the optical and magnetic behavior of these DMSs is challenging to navigate due to the complicated interactions of intrinsic defects. In these contexts, the current research takes a comprehensive look at the pristine and simultaneously multiple d-block cations (Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, and Zn)-doped CuO nanocrystals (NCs) to explain the defect interactions inside the lattice. Structural analysis revealed a highly crystalline monoclinic crystal structure in the C2/c space group. The phase stability of CuO NCs was found to be decreasing with increasing dosages of dopants, ultimately forming a secondary phase of Cu metal. Diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) spectra showed a narrowing of the optical band gap, attributing it to the presence of impurity states between the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) as a result of doping. These impurity states can inhibit carrier recombination. Both pristine and doped CuO NCs showed ferromagnetism at ambient temperature with a paramagnetic tail at higher fields. This paramagnetic tail, explained based on the thermo-magnetization curves, corresponds to the easy flip of magnetic cations below room temperature. All the ferromagnetic feathers of CuO NCs may be traced back to the exchange interaction between the spins of magnetic ions, mediated by carrier-trapped vacancy centers. Interestingly, doped oxides showed improved ferromagnetism when used at moderate concentrations, which is related to the creation of a larger number of bound magnetic polarons (BMPs). Although higher dosages of dopants lower the concentration of BMPs by delocalizing the carriers from the defect centers.
Identification of Words' Syntagmatic Properties by Means of Statistical Measures of Association
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Burov E.E.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses some statistical methods for identifying the syntagmatic properties of words. It explains the statistical notion 0f collocation and demonstrates the importance 0f this notion for theoretica1 and applied linguistics. Different measures of association (numbers that indicate the strength of the syntagmatic connection between the members of а collocation) such as MI-score, Т-score and logDice are described. It is emphasized that the term «measure of association» is not equivalent of the term ”frequency 0f co-occurrence”. Various corpus managers that take it possible to identify collocations with а given core word automatically are mentioned. It is pointed out that each of these managers has its advantages and disadvantages. By means of the CoCoCo corpus manager, the syntagmatic properties of Russian indefmite pronouns chto-to 'something' and koe-chto 'something' are analyzed. In conclusion, it is stated that the set of these pronouns' collocates their referential properties.
Weighted pseudo S-asymptotically Bloch type periodic solutions for a class of mean field stochastic fractional evolution equations
Authors: Mamadou Moustapha Mbaye  , Amadou Diop  , Moustapha Dieye
Published: December 2023

This paper concerns a class of mean-field stochastic fractional evolution equations. Initially, we establish some auxiliary results for weighted pseudo $S$-asymptotically Bloch type periodic stochastic processes. Without a compactness assumption on the resolvent operator and some additional conditions on forced terms, the existence and uniqueness of weighted pseudo $S$-asymptotically Bloch type periodic mild solutions on the real line of the referred equation are obtained. In addition, we show the existence of weighted pseudo $S$-asymptotically Bloch type periodic mild solutions with sublinear growth assumptions on the drift term and compactness conditions. Finally, an example is provided to verify the main outcomes.
Berger, Carol. 2022. The Child Soldiers of Africa’s Red Army: The Role of Social Process and Routinised Violence in South Sudan’s Military. London: Routledge. 225 pp., index, bibliography. ISBN: 9780367742607
Authors: Zanen Sjoerd
Published: December 2023

Erratum for hard copy: On page 105 the year of the internal South Sudanese civil war should be 2013, not 1913.
Nutrient Diagnostics and Biochemical Indicators of Oat Grain Quality Predicted by Leaf Juice Amino Acid Concentration
Authors: Novikov N. N. , Sokolov A. A. , Tereshenkov P. V.
Published: December 2023

In order to find out the relationship between the level of nitrogen nutrition of oat plants of the Yakov variety and the content of amino acids in leaf juice, as well as the possibility of using this indicator to assess the content and composition of proteins, the activity of amylases, catalases and peroxidases in ripe grain and the activity of theseenzymes in germinating grain, a field experiment was carried out at the Field Experimental Station of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil. In the field experiment, variants with different levels of nitrogen nutrition of oat plants that had passed post-harvest ripening were tudied. Ammonium nitrate, double superphosphate, and potassium chloride were applied in advance. As a result, it was found that as the level of nitrogen nutrition of plants increased, the concentration of amino acids in the juice of oat leaves at the stage of formation of the first stem node decreased, which was closely correlated with the nitrogen doses. These data indicate the possibility of using this indicator for the diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition in oat plants. The studies also revealed a reliable correlation between the content of amino acids in leaf juice and the concentration of proteins soluble in water and solutions of 10% KCl, 0.2% NaOH, as well as the activity of acid (pH 5.5), neutral (pH 7) and alkaline (pH 8) isoenzymes of α-amylase and acid isoforms of β-amylase in ripe grain. In addition, the amino acid content of leaf juice was found to be significantly correlated with the activity of acidic α-amylase, acidic and neutral β-amylase in germinated grain. The results obtained demonstrate the possibility of predicting the level of protein accumulation in oat grains. It is also possible to predict the protein composition, activity of α- and β-amylase, catalase, and peroxidase isoenzymes from the content of amino acids in leaf juice in the phase of the first stem node formation. A reliable correlation was also found for the activity of acid and neutral isoenzymes of α-amylase, catalase, and peroxidase in ripe and germinated oat grain.
The quality of banking services as a gateway to increase the competitiveness of banks
Authors: Salim Akeel
Published: December 2023

Global changes as a result of technology in the field of financial and banking activities have shown great competitive challenges as a result of the globalization of banking activity and the liberalization of banking financial services to take its challenges on the shoulders of banking activity to adapt to the changes and face the negative effects and take advantage of them to achieve their gains and it became necessary to work on the development of banking services and keep abreast of developments in this field to achieve the wishes of customers is one of the main entrances to increase and develop the competitiveness of banks
The impact of the strategic of emotional intelligence and transformational leadership in enhancing organizational social capital: an analytical study of a sample of administrative leaders at the Ministry of Planning Center
Authors: Noori Saba , Noori Mohammed
Published: December 2023

The study focused on three important factors in institutions: emotional intelligence strategies, transformational leadership, and organizational social capital. The goal of the research was to examine the relationship and impact between emotional intelligence strategies and transformational leadership on organizational social capital in the Iraqi Ministry of Planning. A total of 90 managers were included from various departments within the ministry. Questionnaires were distributed to 125 managers, with 100 being returned. After excluding 10 incomplete responses, statistical methods such as the Spearman correlation coefficient and simple linear regression coefficient were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results indicated a positive relationship between emotional intelligence strategies, transformational leadership, and the development of organizational social capital in management. Furthermore, the study emphasized the importance of moving away from bureaucratic models and adopting modern management concepts that align with global developments in order to achieve organizational goals.
تحليل العلاقة بين صافي عجز الميزانية العامّة وعجز الحساب الجاري للولايات المتحدة الامريكية للمدّة
Authors: Mahmood Aseel , Abdullah Ahmed
Published: December 2023

The United States of America is considered one of the world's great powers due to its continued dominance through its ability to impose its choices on the countries of the world. It has been able to impose the capitalist system through its support for that system in the Third World, which is open to investment and trade, and to impose its control, but it suffers from a budget deficit. The public and the current account for a long period. Therefore, this study emphasized the relationship between the net general budget deficit and the current account deficit, its causes, and the extent of its impact on the American economy for the period from 2004-2020.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KELOMPOK IBU-IBU PKK DESA BONTO MATINGGI MELALUI MEDIA DIGITAL
Authors: Halimah Irmah , Supiati Supiati , Syamsinar Syamsinar
Published: December 2023

Desa Bonto Matinggi adalah salah satu desa berkembang yang ada di Kecamatan Tompobulu Kabupaten Maros. Berbicara tentang masyarakat desa maka perempuan yang ada di desa pun perlu mendapat perhatian untuk diberdayakan menjadi perempuan yang lebih produktif. Saat sekarang ini dengan teknologi yang begitu canggih maka pentingnya meningkatkan produktivitas khususunya kaum perempuan yang ada di desa yang mayoritas sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga dengan memanfaatkan media digital. Adanya beberapa kasus yang ditemukan dari hasil observasi sebelumnya oleh para peserta terkait upaya mengembangkan potensi diri serta cara memulai bisnis oleh para perempuan yang hanya berstatus sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga sehingga memotivasi kami para dosen untuk memberikan pelatihan ini. Adapun tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kelompok ibu-ibu PKK  Desa Bonto Matinggi Melalui Media Digital. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan kepada para peserta bagaimana menggunakan media digital untuk menghasilkan uang. Dari hasil pengabdian maka diperoleh hasil bahwa Pelaksanaan pelatihan di Desa Bonto Matinggi menjadi pengalaman baru yang diperoleh para perempuan yang ada di desa yang mayoritas tergabung dalam Kelompok Ibu-Ibu PKK, serta menambah motivasi para peserta untuk mulai berbisnis meskipun hanya di rumah saja. Selain itu, adanya upaya untuk mengembangkan potensi dan kemampuan yang dimiliki sehingga kelak mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan keluarga atau penghasilan di desa.
Influence of Quizizz and Google Form Applications on Students' Motivation and Cognitive Learning Outcomes on Human Respiratory System Material
Authors: Bobi Bobi , Hidayat Tomi , Syahfitri Jayanti
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of using the quizizz application and google form on student motivation, determine the effect of using the quizizz application and google form on students' cognitive learning outcomes in the subject of the human respiratory system for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 11 Kaur. This type of research is Quasi-Experimental (Pseudo-Experimental). The research design used in this study is nonequivalent control group design. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis in this study is the independent sample t-test. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the use of the Quizizz application and Google Form on student motivation and there was a significant effect of the use of the Quizizz application and Google Form on students' cognitive learning outcomes in the material on the respiratory system in humans compared to the control class. The motivation for using the Quizizz Application and Google Form is better than the control class. This can be seen from the average score of students' motivation using the Quizizz application 82.1, Google Form 75.24 and the control class 58.33, while judging from the cognitive learning outcomes of students using Quizizz application 81.66, Google Form 71.66 and control class 58.33. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the use of the Quizizz and Google Form applications in the experimental class is better than the control class which uses conventional media.
Effectiveness of Desmos Application Integrated with PjBL in Multimedia Mathematics Learning in Terms of Mathematical Literacy Skills
Authors: Nuri Bulan , Zikriana Lissa , Iqbal Iqbal
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the desmos application integrated with PjBL in terms of mathematical literacy skills, the effectiveness of multimedia mathematics learning in terms of mathematical literacy skills and the effectiveness of the desmos application integrated with PjBL in multimedia mathematics learning in terms of mathematical literacy skills. This research design is quasi-experiment with a post-test only control group design. The research subject were 60 students of senior high schools at SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen with a total research population of 102 students. The sample in this study was determined by a convenience sampling technique. The instrument used was a diagnostic test consisting of three questions based on mathematical literacy skills. The data were analyzed using the classical completeness test, different proportion test and t-test. Based on the research findings, it is deducible that the Desmos application yields better results when integrated with PjBL concerning mathematical literacy skills. Moreover, mathematics learning supported with multimedia is more efficacious for enhancing mathematical literacy skills. Lastly, when evaluating mathematical literacy skills, combining Desmos application with PjBL and multimedia in mathematics learning proves to be the most effective approach
Penerapan Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu pada Budidaya Sayuran di Pekarangan Pondok Pesantren Tuhfatul Anfananiyah Lombok Tengah
Authors: Novita Hidayatun Nufus  , Amrul Jihadi  , Afifah Farida Jufri  , Suprayanti Martia Dewi  , Dwi Noorma Putri  , Anjar Pranggawan Azhari
Published: December 2023

Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Tuhfatul Anfananiah Nahdlatul Wathan (NW) yang berlokasi di desa Gerantung, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah memiliki potensi pengembangan budidaya sayuran organik di pekarangan. Salah satu permasalahan pada budiaya sayuran adalah serangan hama dan penyakit. Untuk itu, dilaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terkait dengan pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT) yang meliputi penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Kegiatan bertujuan untuk penyuluhan dilaksanakan pada 1 april 2023 dan dihadiri oleh 60 orang peserta yang terdiri dari siswa dan pengurus pesantren. Kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan pestisida nabati dan pengamatan hama tanaman dilaksanakan pada 5 Mei 2023 dan dihadiri oleh 30 orang siswa dan pengurus pesantren. Diharapkan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan mampu memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada peserta mengenai pengelolaan hama dan penyakit tanaman secara terpadu dan dapat diterapkan pada budidaya sayuran organik di pekarangan.
ÖZBEK YAZI DİLİNİN MESELELERİ
Authors: KORAŞ Hikmet , AKMAN Kevser
Published: December 2023

Özbek yazı dili, Türkistan coğrafyasında geçmişi bir asra dayanmayan, daha önce kullanılan tarihi Türk yazı dillerinde olmayan sesleri de içeren bölge insanının konuşmasına dayalı oluşturulmuş bir yazı dilidir. Yazı dilinin oluşmasında Rus Çarlığı döneminde esaslarını İlminski ve Ostroumov’un belirlediği, idarenin kabul edip desteklediği kararlar vardır. Yerli halka konuştuğu lehçe ve Kiril alfabesi ile eğitim verilmesi, bu eğitim sırasında Rusçaya mahsus sesleri gösteren işaretlerin özellikle üzerinde durulması ve benimsetilmesi anlayışının mevcut yazı dilinin oluşmasında payı büyüktür. Yazı dilinin de bölge insanının da isimlendirilmesi Ostroumov’un bölge hakkındaki çalışmalarına dayanan misyonerlik anlayışının bir parçasıdır. Arap alfabesinin ıslah çalışmaları, Latin alfabesine geçiş, Latin alfabesinin Ostroumov’un belirlediği esaslar dikkate alınarak yeniden düzenlenmesi, yazı diline esas olan ağzın veya ağızların tespiti gibi konular Özbek yazı dilinin ortaya çıkışından günümüze kadar imlâ ve telaffuzda ortak bir paydaya henüz varılamamasında etkili olmuştur. Çalışmada Rus Çarlığı ve Sovyetler Birliği dönemindeki idarenin problemin ortaya çıkışındaki rolü ele alınarak yazı dilindeki sebep olduğu problem ve bunun Özbek yazı dilindeki diğer konulara yansıması ele alınmıştır. Özbek yazı dilinin gramerinin oluşması, ele alınıp işlenmesi, yazı dili sözlüğünün oluşturulması, bahsedilen problemlerin Özbek sözlükçülüğündeki oluşturduğu problemler ayrıntılı olarak verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Buna, dönemin siyaset ilişkileri, ana dille eğitim, yazı dilinin oluşmasındaki etkenler ele alınarak verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
A study of the participation of the ministries of agriculture, Northcentral zone in the planning and implementation of the2014 national security strategyon food security in Nigeria
Authors: ASHINZE Philip Ikechukwu  , ONOJA Adoyi  , LIMAN Abdullahi N  , ADAMA Ahmed Mohammed
Published: December 2023

The need to secure participations of all stakeholders in the formulations of national security strategy for States cannot be overemphasized. It was against this background that this study adopted Stakeholder Model of Implementation Theory to interrogate whether the Ministries of Agriculture in the North Central Zone, Nigeria participated in the planning and implementation of the 2014 National Security Strategy (NSS) on food security. The study adopted the survey research design where all the Ministries of Agriculture were selected and questionnaire administered to them. Analyses of the collated responses were through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and ANOVA using the IBM SPSS 26. Based on the test results that emanated from this study, the study concluded that the Ministries of Agriculture in the North Central Zone were not involved in the planning and implementation of the 2014 NSS. The study recommended that the involvement of relevant stakeholders at both the federal and state levelswill be very beneficial and in line with modern trends of collective participation.
Outer space weaponisation: International security and Nigeria in the outer space
Authors: UNACHUKWU Ugochukwu Vitus
Published: December 2023

Outer Space could be seen extensively threatened by the inability of States to universalize commitments against conduct of destructive direct-ascent anti-satellite missile tests, and placement of dual-use nature of space-based capabilities which further aggravate outer Space weaponisation through the presence of over 170 million pieces of debris in orbit, causing collision, damages and outright loss of space assets to developing Space fairing nations like Nigeria. It was against this background that this study adopts Liberal Institutionalism to examine outer Space Weaponisation, and international Security on developing nations. The study deconstructed space weaponisation into implications on Nigeria space assets and adoptable strategies to improve Nigeria’s assets in the outer space. Findings from the study established the nexus between space weaponization and space insecurity, which ultimately trigger the failure of Nigeria’s NIGCOMSAT-1, increasing cost of launching, maintaining space assets and causing apprehension in the global community. This study also situates the possibility of stronger nations blocking developing State’s access to space know-how and making space access development by developing countries like Nigeria very expensive and out of reach. This study therefore recommends that due to the presence of ideological and doctrinal difference among the veto wielding permanent members on the use of outer space, Nigeria should join forces with other nations that oppose weaponization of space and accordingly spearhead the drive towards a stricter new space treaty banning the testing, deployment and use of all kinds of intentional, harmful, and dual use weapons in space. That Nigeria should devote an accountable proportion of her GDP between 2-4% to space-related programmes in order to generate and develop scientific and technological capacities as by-products that would enhance national development.