bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio en madres jóvenes de la ciudad de Lima: Sentido de coherencia y percepción de estrés
Authors:   , Peña Ramos Milagros Esther
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes: El sentido de coherencia (SOC) permite a las personas identificar situaciones manejables, significativas y predecibles por lo que se considera un moderador del estrés. El periodo del embarazo es una situación estresante para la madre. Incluso los embarazos planeados se convierten en fuente de estrés, cuyo proceso de adaptación se verá influenciado en cómo la mujer viva cada etapa del proceso. Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre el SOC y la percepción de estrés en madres jóvenes de la ciudad de Lima. Método: Participaron 150 madres entre 19 a 25 años (M= 22.27; DE= 2.26) de la ciudad de Lima. Para tal fin, se aplicó el Cuestionario de Orientación hacia la vida (OLQ/ SOC 13) y la Escala de Estrés Percibido (EEP-14). Resultados: Se obtuvo una r = -.82, con una p = .00 (p< .05) lo cual indica que se correlacionan ambas variables de forma inversa y significativamente. Discusión: Se comprueba la hipótesis planteada que, a mayor SOC, menor es la percepción de estrés y que, a mayor SOC, mayor es el afrontamiento de los estresores.
Autoeficacia y competencia traductora: influencia en la práctica de la traducción inversa de estudiantes de Traducción e Interpretación en Lima, 2017
Authors:   , Espinoza Martinez Carolyne Lizbeth , Garay Mori Ricardo Manuel
Published: July 2021

Por muchos años, la traducción inversa se ha ignorado dentro de los estudios de traducción. Al considerarse una tarea imposible y no recomendable, muchas instituciones internacionales han prohibido esta práctica. Sin embargo, en Perú, donde los ciudadanos no son nativos de una lengua extranjera como el inglés, surge una necesidad de tener profesionales que puedan realizarla. Como resultado, las universidades que ofrecen la carrera de Traducción e Interpretación Profesional (TIP) brindan cursos de traducción inversa diseñados para capacitar a los estudiantes en la producción de textos en lengua extranjera y, respecto a la universidad observada, desarrollar además su seguridad para efectuar esta tarea. Debido a que la seguridad comprende los sentimientos que experimentan los estudiantes cuando juzgan sus capacidades de traducción, y al pertenecer estos juicios a la autoeficacia, el objeto de estudio de esta investigación es la autoeficacia en traducción inversa. Si bien existen estudios que analizan la relación entre autoeficacia, competencia traductora y traducción, resulta necesario profundizar en la implicancia de estos dos primeros conceptos en la traducción inversa. Por ello, esta investigación busca explorar los factores que influyen en la construcción de la autoeficacia sobre traducción inversa, identificar la incidencia de la autoeficacia respecto al dominio del inglés en el desempeño dentro del curso de Traducción Inversa 1 (Inglés) y, finalmente, describir cómo el dominio de la competencia traductora interviene en el logro del curso. A partir de entrevistas a estudiantes TIP en Lima, se identificó que la autoeficacia y la competencia traductora influyen en su desempeño.
Propuesta de una guía para el desarrollo de una Project Management Office (PMO) Low Cost en Mypes de Lima-Perú para proyectos de edificaciones multifamiliares a través del Método Delphi
Authors:   , Berrocal Encalada Jhonny Ignacio , Tumialan Misari Eliana Nataly
Published: July 2021

En la actualidad, el sector construcción ha sido muy relevante en el crecimiento del PBI del Perú. El crecimiento ha sido generado por la cantidad de obras que se están realizando en todo el país; debido a este crecimiento, las micro y pequeñas empresas constructoras han tomado mayor relevancia entre los últimos años por su contribución en proyectos de edificaciones multifamiliares. Se puede denotar la importancia que tienen las MYPEs debido a su aporte al PBI, pero, al no tener un control adecuado de gestión, han tenido problemas para gestionar sus proyectos por lo que su utilidad se ha visto afectada considerablemente. Estas pérdidas han generado que muchas MYPES detengan su participación en el mercado indefinidamente, afectando a la contribución del PBI del sector. Para solucionar la mala gestión de proyectos en las obras de edificaciones multifamiliares, se ha propuesto una guía para el desarrollo de una Project Management Office (PMO) Low Cost, para Micro y Pequeñas empresas que no tengan el capital necesario para invertir en una Project Management Office estándar. Esta guía pretende ser validada a través del método Delphi, recurriendo a los expertos del medio local que tengan experiencia en Gerencia de Proyectos. Los resultados esperados son los de una mejora en el nivel de madurez de las MYPEs tomando en cuenta la mejora en la gestión de proyectos.
Control de gestión a la gestión de inventarios y su incidencia en el valor económico agregado en estaciones de servicios - grifos, distrito de Surquillo, 2019
Authors:   , Reina Lino Margaret Lizbeth , Stuart Aquije José Martín
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo explicar la incidencia del control de gestión a la gestión de inventaros en el valor económico agregado en estaciones de servicio – grifos del distrito de Surquillo, 2019. El trabajo está divido en cinco capítulos comenzando con el Capítulo 1, Marco teórico, donde se ha definido los conceptos básicos de la investigación como son las variables del control de gestión, gestión de inventarios y valor económico agregado. Así como, definiciones sobre el sector de comercialización de hidrocarburos. En el Capítulo 2, se ha determinado el plan de investigación, en cual se detallado el problema en cuestión y objetivo general como especifico. De igual modo, el planteamiento de las hipótesis tanto general como específicas. En el Capítulo 3, se ha desarrollado la metodología de investigación empleada, se definió la muestra para el debido análisis de los instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Por consiguiente, en el Capítulo 4, se procedió con el desarrollo de la aplicación de instrumentos como son las encuestas y entrevista recopiladas de los especialistas en el tema. También, se realizó el caso práctico. Finalmente, en el Capítulo 5 se realizó los análisis obtenidos por las encuestas y entrevistas. Además, se analizó el caso práctico. Adicional a ello, se procedió con las conclusiones y recomendaciones.
Del aspecto a la evidencialidad
Authors: Villalpando-Quiñonez Jesús
Published: July 2021

La codificación de la evidencialidad es un área poco estudiada en las lenguas de la familia yutoazteca, a pesar de poder encontrarse rastros de esta categoría en la mayor parte de los miembros de esta familia (Thornes 2018). El rarámuri de Norogachi cuenta con al menos tres diferentes marcadores de evidencialidad: reportativa, auditiva e inferencial. No todas las lenguas tienen una categoría gramatical de evidencialidad y, en muchas que sí los tienen, es común que estos marcadores estén estrechamente relacionados con otras categorías como el aspecto, el tiempo, o la modalidad (Aikhenvald 2018; Forker 2018; Hengeveld 2011). Este trabajo se centra en la codificación de la evidencialidad reportativa, la cual distingue dos grados de distancia con respecto del hablante: información reportada de segunda mano con el morfema -ru, e información de tercera mano con -la ruwá, esta última relacionada con el aspecto anterior. Tomando en cuenta la correlación entre aspecto y evidencialidad, propongo un cuarto miembro de la categoría evidencial en el rarámuri de Norogachi, el marcador evidencial directo no especificado -li, el cual tiene una relación histórica con el aspecto perfectivo. Este trabajo se centra en describir los marcadores en su función aspectual y cómo estas dieron origen a las funciones evidenciales.
COVID-19: Nationalism and global solidarities
Authors: Pratiwi Fadhila Inas , Tsauro Ahalla
Published: July 2021

As the COVID-19 crisis emerged, many forms of nationalism have been rising, such as racism, state individualism, vaccine nationalism, and so forth. However, this kind of nationalism cannot solve the global pandemic that affects various aspects of human life that needs global solidarity in the framework of thinking. The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between COVID-19, nationalism, and global solidarity. This article used the literature review method to compare and contrast the COVID-19, Nationalism, and Global Solidarity arguments by using reputable resources such as journals, research reports, and news articles. This article was divided into three sections: 1) the explanation about nationalism, its definition, and theoretical approach, 2) state and nationalism in crisis time, 3) cooperation and global solidarity. It concluded that the COVID-19 period showed us people tend to have greater individuality and higher attachment to their groups and state, as Social Identity Theory (SIT) suggests. It manifested in state nationalist view that state as the sole player in mitigating this pandemic shows selfish attitude. However, as the COVID-19 served as a global pandemic, it also needs global solidarity which has been proven in solving the spread of coronavirus and tackle its impact.
Виявлення впливу параметрів та режимів експорту на якість відеоінформації
Authors: Марчук Іванна Віталіївна , Золотухіна Катерина Ігорівна
Published: July 2021

В роботі наведено результати дослідження залежності якості вихідного рекламного ролика від режимів та параметрів експорту. Було виконано аналіз технологій створення промороликів та особливостей їх стиснення та збереження, вивчено існуючі метрики оцінки якості відеоінформації. Запропоновано методику дослідження впливу параметрів експорту на суб’єктивну та об’єктивну оцінку якості відео, створено тестові фрагменти та проведено їх суб’єктивне й об’єктивне оцінювання, після чого здійснено статистичну обробку отриманих результатів та визначено вплив кожного параметра на якість відтворення фінального зразка.
Дослідження впливу технологічних та експлуатаційних властивостей гофрованого картону на процес друку на флексографічних аркушевих машинах
Authors: Киричок Петро Олексійович , Шостачук Олександр Павлович
Published: July 2021

Представлено перелік технічних та експлуатаційних властивостей гофрованого картону. У дослідженні розглядаються функціональні показники першої групи, що стосуються, насамперед, вимог до жорсткості паковання. Крім того, проводиться систематизація факторів, що впливають на функціональні характеристики та параметри друкарського апарату за типовими явищами, що відбуваються в процесі друку.
Аналізуючи фактори та властивості, що впливають на якість друку, було встановлено, що техніко-експлуатаційні властивості гофрованого картону є одними з найважливіших характеристик. Вплив конструкції гофрованого картону та форми гофрів обумовлює вибір оптимальних значень технологічного процесу та якості його проходження.
Проведений аналіз дозволяє більш точно передбачити навантаження, що виникають у друкарському апараті флексографічних аркушевих машин при друці на гофрованому картоні.
Вплив технологічних параметрів на властивості друкувальних елементів форм інтагліодруку, отриманих прямим лазерним гравіюванням
Authors: Киричок Тетяна Юріївна , Баглай Володимир Анатолійович , Безпалий Андрій Анатолійович
Published: July 2021

Визначення якості відтворення отриманих методом прямого лазерного гравіювання (DLE — Direct Laser Engraving) штрихів форми інтагліодруку та її залежності від запроектованих параметрів профілю є актуальним завданням, що дозволить удосконалити режими оброблення форм DLE та розширить її використання у виробництві захищеної поліграфічної продукції.
Дослідження методом оптичної металографії шліфів гравійованих штрихів тридцяти видів, що відрізнялися запроектованим профілем (глибиною (20‒100 мкм), шириною (30‒100 мкм), кутом нахилу стінок штриха (600‒900)) та потужністю гравіювання, утворених методом DLE на латунній пластині, показало, що всі гравійовані штрихи зразка мають суттєві відхилення від заданого геометричного профіля і зазвичай є несиметричними.
Оскільки стан поверхні штрихів є ще одним додатковим фактором забезпечення зносостійкості форм DLE + PVD, то для урахування цього параметру було розроблено принципи бального оцінювання поверхні штрихів на основі порівняння зі зразком за 5-бальною шкалою
В експериментальних дослідженнях встановлено, що, незважаючи на суттєві відмінності профіля, що був отриманий гравіюванням, і запроектованого, з погляду можливої тактильності відбитків (найсуттєвішого параметру інтагліодруку), переважна більшість режимів виготовлення і профілів забезпечує достатньо високу відповідність ширини штриха (80‒130 %) запроектованому. Глибина штриха змінюється суттєвіше — від 60 % від запроектованого до майже 200 %. Через суттєве відхилення профілю від запроектованого площа перетину штрихів перебуває в межах 40‒90 % від запроектованого. Найкращі геометричні параметри мають прямокутні штрихи невеликого розміру. З погляду відтворення геометричної форми штрихів кращі параметри мають трапецієподібні профілі. З погляду якості поверхні штрихів — прямокутні профілі.
Зниження потужності випромінювання дозволяє як забезпечити кращу якість відтворення геометричних параметрів штриха, так і забезпечити кращу якість поверхні штриха. Останнє є особливо важливим фактором забезпечення належного рівня адгезії захисного покриття до латунної основи, тобто в подальшому — вищої тиражостійкості. Таким чином, стан поверхні штрихів є ще одним додатковим фактором забезпечення зносостійкості форм DLE + PVD.
Simulation and Analysis of Bionanopore Dna Sequencing Signals for Genetic Mutations Detection
Authors: Ievdoshchenko Iryna M. , Ivanko Kateryna Olehivna , Ivanushkina Nataliia Heorhiivna , Kulkarni Vishwesh
Published: July 2021

The application of genomic signal processing methods to the problem of modeling and analysis of nanoporous DNA sequencing signals is considered in the paper. Based on the nucleotide sequences in the norm and in the case of mutations, 1200 signals are simulated, which represent 4 classes: norm, missense mutation, insertion mutation and deletion mutation. Correlation analysis was used to determine the similarity of nanoporous DNA sequencing signals using a cross-correlation function between two current signals in the protein nanopore, specifically signal in norm and in the presence of mutation. The location of the correlation peak determines the type of mutation (insertion or deletion), as well as the alignment of the same nucleotide sequences using a defined signal shift.
The results of applying machine learning methods to the problem of classification of nanoporous DNA sequencing signals significantly depend on the noise level of the registered current signals through the protein nanopore and the type of mutation. Given a relatively low noise level, when the values of the ion current through a protein nanopore for different nucleotides do not intersect, the classification accuracy reaches 100%. In the case of increasing the standard deviation of the law of distribution of noise components, there is an overlap of the levels of current values in the nanopore in the case of its blocking by nucleotides of the close size. As a result, errors in the definition of normal and single nucleotide mutations (missense or nonsense) often occur, especially if the levels of current steps in the nanopore for two nucleotides are similar (for example, guanine and thymine, thymine and adenine, adenine and cytosine) and noise masks their contribution to reduction current in the nanopore. Mutations of insertion and deletion of a certain nucleotide sequence are often classified without errors, because these mutations are characterized by a shift of several nucleotides between normal signals and pathology, which increases the distance between these signals. Among the machine learning methods that have demonstrated the high accuracy of classification of the signals of nanopore-based DNA sequencing, the methods of linear discriminant, k-nearest neighbors classifier (with Euclidean distance and the sufficient number of nearest neighbors), as well as the method of reference vectors should be mentioned. The best results were obtained for the classification method of support vector machines. The use of linear, quadratic and cubic kernel functions shows the high accuracy of correctly classified signals - from 93 to 100%.
Adjuvant Treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients, Past, Present and Future
Authors: Shalata Walid , Jacob Binil Mathew , Agbarya Abed
Published: July 2021

Lung cancer is the most common malignancy across the world. The new era in lung cancer treatments, especially this past decade, has yielded novel categories of targeted therapy for specific mutations and adjuvant therapy, both of which have led to improved survival rates. In the present study, we review the changes and development of treatments, with a special focus on adjuvant therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) administered to non-small-cell lung carcinoma patients who had a complete resection of the tumor harboring a mutated epidermal growth factor receptor. The clinical trials are dating from the past (chemotherapy trials), present (TKIs) and future (ongoing trials).
Adjusting the Clock: the Importance of Circadian Rhythms in the Development of Glioblastomas and Its Intervention as a Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Wagner Paula M. , Prucca Cesar G. , Caputto Beatriz L. , Guido Mario E.
Published: July 2021

Gliomas are solid tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that originated from different glial cells. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified these tumors into four groups (I-IV) with increasing malignancy. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor classified as a grade IV. GBM are resistant to conventional therapies with poor prognosis after diagnosis even when the Stupp protocol that combines surgery and radiochemotherapy is applied. Nowadays, few novel therapeutic strategies have been used to improve GBM treatment, looking for higher efficiency and lower side effects, but with relatively modest results. The circadian timing system temporally organizes the physiology and behavior of most organisms and daily regulates several cellular processes in organs, tissues, and even in individual cells, including tumor cells. The potentiality of the function of the circadian clock on cancer cells modulation as a new target for novel treatments with a chronobiological basis offers a different challenge that needs to be considered in further detail. The present review will discuss state of the art regarding GBM biology, the role of the circadian clock in tumor progression, and new chrono-chemotherapeutic strategies applied for GBM treatment.
Efficacy and Toxicity of VarroMed® Used for Controlling Varroa Destructor Infestation in Different Seasons and Geographical Areas
Authors: Smodiš Škerl Maja Ivana , Rivera-Gomis Jorge , Tlak Gajger Ivana , Bubnič Jernej , Talakić Gabriela , Formato Giovanni , Baggio Alessandra , Mutinelli Franco , Tollenaers Wim , Laget Dries , Malagnini Valeria , Zanotelli Livia , Pietropaoli Marco
Published: July 2021

VarroMed® is a soft acaricide registered for honey bees on the European Union market since 2017 for Varroa control. Researchers involved were partners of different countries of the Varroa control task force of COLOSS Association. Our goal was to evaluate performances (acaricide efficacy and toxic effects on honey bees) of VarroMed® in different climatic conditions. Our results in the tested apiaries showed an efficacy ranging from 71.2 to 89.3 % in summer/autumn, and from 71.8 % to 95.6 % in winter. No toxic effects on bees were observed, except in one apiary, where severe cold climatic conditions played a crucial role. The treatment could be efficiently applied in brood right as well as in broodless colonies. Integrated pest management (IPM) recommendations for bee-keepers are provided in order to apply the best Varroa control protocol.
Tempos autoritários e militância intelectual: posicionamentos políticos e temas sensíveis na Revista História Hoje (2017-2019)
Authors: Benfica Tiago Alinor Hoissa
Published: July 2021

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Religious Values in The Theme Structure of Traditional Seloko of Jambi Malay
Authors: Rahima Ade , Ridwan Sakura
Published: July 2021

The objective of this research is to get a deep understanding about religious values in the theme structure of traditional Seloko of Jambi Malay. This research used content analysis method to analyze the extrinsic elements of seloko containing religious values. This method was combined with hermeneutic study technique to reveal the structure and implicit meanings of the texts in Jambi Malay seloko. Data in this research are traditionalseloko containing religious values. Primary data were obtained from a collection of traditional seloko of Jambi Malay recorded by Lembaga Adat of Jambi Province. The results of this research show that the themes of traditional seloko of Jambi Malay are related to the religious values of manâ€™s relationship with God, man with nature, man with society, and man with himself.
Hospital-Acquired Conditions
Authors: Crespi Zachary , Ismail Aya , Awad Mohamed E. , Hasan Ahmad I. , Irfan Furqan B. , Jaffar Muhammad , El-Othmani Mouhanad M. , Saleh Khaled J.
Published: July 2021

» In 2016, a total of 48,771 hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) were reported in U.S. hospitals. These incidents resulted in an excess cost of >$2 billion, which translates to roughly $41,000 per patient per HAC.

» In the settings of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), increased age, a body mass index of >35 kg/m2, male sex, diabetes mellitus, electrolyte disturbances, and a history of anemia increase the likelihood of surgical site infections.

» Institution-specific (surgical) risk factors such as increased tourniquet time, an operative time of >130 minutes, bilateral procedures, a femoral nerve block, and general anesthesia increase the risk of HACs in the settings of THA and TKA.
The Efficacy and Safety of Tranexamic Acid Treatment in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery
Authors: Perskin Cody R. , Littlefield Connor P. , Wang Charles , Umeh Uchenna , Egol Kenneth A.
Published: July 2021

» Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a drug used to control hemorrhage by preventing the breakdown of fibrin.

» TXA is a cost-effective treatment for trauma patients across a variety of economic settings.

» Concerns of TXA causing thromboembolic events (TEEs) in orthopaedic trauma patients are not supported by evidence.

» TXA has been shown to reduce blood loss in hip fracture surgery.
Informed Consent for the Orthopaedic Surgeon
Authors: Jildeh Toufic R. , Abbas Muhammad J. , Hengy Meredith H. , O’Brien Hannah , Gani G. Sal , Okoroha Kelechi R.
Published: July 2021

» In the United States, orthopaedic surgeons have a legal obligation to obtain informed consent from patients before performing surgery; it is a process that includes a signed written document.

» There are specific legal requirements that vary somewhat by state but generally include disclosure and documentation of the diagnosis, an explanation of the recommended procedure, a conversation about the risks and benefits of the procedure, and a discussion about alternative treatments.

» Inadequate disclosure of risks and alternatives is associated with increased indemnity risk.

» Studies have shown that many consent processes and forms are suboptimal.
EFFECTS OF RENT-SEEKING ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
Authors: Wong Zi Wen Vivien , Chen Fanyu , Yiew Thian Hee
Published: July 2021

Sluggish growth in low-income countries, despite the high performance in other economic indicators, motivates the literature to switch attention to institutions. Despite its crucial economic implications, there is limited attention on rent-seeking as a driver of economic growth in low-income countries. This paper investigates the effect of rent-seeking on growth in low-income countries from 2004 to 2017using the system generalized method of moments estimator. The empirical results reveal that rent-seeking negatively affects growth, implying that it obstructs the pace of economic development in low-income countries. Hence, it is necessary for policymakers in these countries to adopt anti-rent-seeking policies to promote a rapid and sustainable growth.
CAPITAL AND GROWTH
Authors: Villanueva Delano Segundo
Published: July 2021

This paper develops and discusses a neoclassical growth model with two inputs: physical capital stock and combined stock of human and intellectual capital.  The production process is subject to diminishing returns to capital in perfect markets, in sharp contrast to new endogenous growth models that assume increasing returns to capital in imperfect markets.  The model finds that a high saving rate raises both transitional and steady state growth rates of output through increases in physical, human, and intellectual investments that augment labor productivity—a key extension of the Solow (1956)-Swan (1956) growth model.  Additionally, the paper derives an optimal rule for choosing the saving rate that maximizes consumer welfare.  Implications for growth policies are drawn.
DETERMINANTS OF SCHOOL ENROLMENT IN INDONESIA: THE ROLE OF MINIMUM WAGE
Authors: Pritadrajati Dyah Savitri
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the role of minimum wages in determining school enrolment (educational investment) in Indonesia using the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas). It finds that minimum wage legislation has a negative and significant substitution eﬀect on educational investment. Individuals are more likely to drop out of senior secondary school as a result of a minimum wage legislation. Even though the response among low-income households is positive, this result may be generated by a fall in the probability of obtaining low-skilled employment, which oﬀset the substitution eﬀect.
Progressophobia in the New Temporality of the Digital World
Authors:   St. Petersburg Mining University, Shestakova Irina G.
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the alarmism inherent in humanity regarding changes caused by the entry into life of achievements of scientific and technological progress. It is noted that all opponents of progress use the fruits of his previous achievements, but at the same time express fears about newly emerging innova­tions, since they cause discomfort, bringing to the world something unusual, in relation to which tradition has not yet constituted. It is quite expected that similar phobias are also caused by the development of digital technologies – fears about the digital degradation of youth, fear of artificial intelligence, etc. In the digital world, however, there is another reason for the rejection of progress. This is the pace of the emergence and invasion of a novelty into the space of human exis­tence. Whereas in previous eras, adaptation to innovations passed through sev­eral generations, today radical transformations of the technological and, as a re­sult, socioeconomic infrastructure occur many times in the course of one human life. A qualitative leap in the speed of socio-technological development and the problems generated by the new temporality of the digital world in the conditions of a sharp narrowing of the horizon of foresight form chronic anxiety, which is based on doubts about the future, the correctness of the chosen life path and even the consistency of ideas about the meaning of life and human destination, gained in the process of modern upbringing and education.
The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Vahedi Luissa , Stuart Heather , Etienne Stéphanie , Lee Sabine , Bartels Susan A
Published: July 2021

During the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), reports of sexual abuse and exploitation and children fathered by peacekeepers were brought forward to the UN. In 2017, a cross-sectional mixed-methods survey was administered by Haitian research assistants using SenseMaker®, a rapid data collection tool that allows participants to share a narrative on a topic of interest. In total, 2541 self-interpreted narratives in relation to the experiences of Haitian women and girls vis-à-vis peacekeepers were collected from a convenience sample of Haitian males and females across Haiti. This exploratory secondary data analysis analyzes whether narratives about sexual misconduct perpetrated by MINUSTAH peacekeepers were associated with rural, semi-urban, or urban locations and investigates the relationship between sharing narratives about sexual misconduct and the desire to engage with the UN/MINUSTAH. After adjustment, narratives addressing sexual misconduct were more likely to be shared in rural locations, compared to urban locations (RRrural: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.38). Personal experiences of sexual misconduct were more likely (RRsex: 4.52; 95% CI: 3.34, 6.12) to be associated with rejection of the UN/MINUSTAH, compared to personal narratives of positive/neutral experiences. This research is an empirical steppingstone to understanding the distribution and consequences of peacekeeper-perpetrated sexual abuse and exploitation in Haiti.
Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation improves behavioral memory impairment caused by repeated anesthesia of sevoflurane in aged rats
Authors: Tian Ming , Wang Yuxia , Liu Degong , Zhao Xiaoling
Published: July 2021

The current study aimed to explore the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the behavioral memory impairment caused by repeated anesthesia of sevoflurane in aged rats. A total of 54 Sprague‑Dawley (SD) aged rats were randomly divided into six groups: Blank control group (Control), sevoflurane group (Sev), DHA group (3g/kg), Sev + DHA (0.3g/kg) group, Sev + DHA (1g/kg) group and Sev + DHA (3g/kg) group. Morris water maze experiment was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe histological changes. The content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of proteins. Rats were indicated to exhibit prolonged escape latency following sevoflurane anesthesia. The number of times taken to cross the platform and the time for target quadrant stay were also demonstrated to be significantly reduced. Rats treated with different doses of DHA were revealed to exhibit reduced escape latency. The number of times taken to cross the platform and the time for target quadrant stay increased. Histopathological examination indicated that DHA treatment ameliorated the pathological change of the rats brain tissue. Furthermore, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein were demonstrated to be significantly increased. The present study revealed that DHA has a protective effect on learning and memory impairment in aged rats induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia, and the mechanism may be associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Does the Combination of Resistance Training and A Nutritional Intervention Have A Synergic Effect on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Function in Older Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Choi MoonKi , Kim Hayeon , Bae Juyeon
Published: July 2021

Background: Health-promoting interventions are important to prevent frailty and sarcopenia in older adults. However, there is limited evidence that nutritional interventions yield additional effects when combined with resistance training. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness of nutritional interventions with resistance training and that of resistance training only.Methods: Randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals prior to July 2020 were retrieved from databases and other sources. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using Cochrane’s risk of bias tool 2. A meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.4 program.Results: A total of 26 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed no significant differences between groups in lean body mass, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, hand grip strength, knee extension, chair stand test results, or the timed up-and-go test results. In the subgroup analysis regarding the types of nutritional interventions, creatine showed significant effects on lean body mass (n=3, MD 2.96, CI 0.76 to 5.16). Regarding the other subgroup analyses, there were no significant differences in the mean age or sex of the participants, type of nutritional intervention, or duration of intervention.Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that the addition of nutritional interventions to resistance training has no additional effect on body composition, muscle strength, or physical function. Only creatine showed synergistic effects with resistance training on muscle mass.Trial RegistrationCRD42021224843
Extraction of Cellulose Acetate From Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) Twigs and Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Bagasse by Environmentally Friendly Approach
Authors: Maryana Roni , Muryanto Muryanto , Triwahyuni Eka , Oktaviani Oktaviani , Prasetia Hafiizh , Das Atanu Kumar , Sudiyani Yanni
Published: July 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the extraction of cellulose acetate (CA) from cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) twigs and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse using an environmentally friendly method. At first, cellulose was extracted from cajuput twigs (CT) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) through prehydrolysis followed by soda (NaOH) pulping and elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching. Later, the extracted cellulose was acetylated using iodine (I) as a catalyst. The obtained CA was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. FTIR and NMR analysis proved the replacement of free OH (hydroxyl) groups by acetyl groups. The degree of substitution (DS) showed the acetylation capability of cellulose extracted from CT and SB as well. The diameter of CA and its crystallinity index (CrI) were measured by SEM and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The diameter of CA extracted from CT was approximately 10 μm and it was approximately 20 to 30 μm for SB. The CrI of the CA extracted from SB and CT was 75.6 and 60.2, respectively. Furthermore, the thermal gravimetric analysis showed that CA extracted from CT and SB was thermal resistance. Therefore, CT and SB will be potential alternative resources for CA production using the mentioned medthod.
Solanine Interferes With AKT/p-AKT and PI3K/ p-PI3K to Inhibit HIF and Destroy Cell Energy Metabolism
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Yidong
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of Solanine disrupting energy metabolism in human renal cancer ACHN cells and to clarify its target. The specific method was to culture human renal cancer ACHN cell lines, and to intervene with Solanine of high, medium and low concentrations. The content of ATP in cells was measured by ELISA method. The expression of HIF-1α protein and the expression of PI3K, AKT, p-PI3K, p-AKT in PI3K/ AKT pathway were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that compared with the control group, the relative expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT showed a downward trend with the increase of Solanine concentration (P < 0.05), while the relative expression of PI3K and AKT showed no significant change (P > 0.05). In addition, the relative expression of HIF-1α also showed a downward trend (P < 0.05). According to the above results, it is suggested that Solanine can significantly inhibit the energy metabolism of renal cancer cells, the main mechanism of which is the down-regulation of HI-1αf downstream of the PI3K/Akt pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation process of PI3K/ p-PI3K and Akt/p-Akt.
Efficacy of Macrogol 4000 Plus Electrolytes in Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy in Patients with Chronic Constipation
Authors: Ichijima Ryoji , Suzuki Sho , Esaki Mitsuru , Sugita Tomomi , Ogura Kanako , Kusano Chika , Ikehara Hisatomo , Gotoda Takuji
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic constipation is a significant factor in poor bowel preparation for colonoscopy. Macrogol 4000 plus electrolytes (Movicol, EA Pharma, Tokyo, Japan), containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and electrolytes, have been used recently to treat patients with constipation. However, prospective studies on the use of macrogol 4000 for bowel cleansing for colonoscopy are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of macrogol 4000 in addition to PEG administered in patients with chronic constipation.Methods: This single-center, single-arm prospective study enrolled patients with chronic constipation who were scheduled to undergo colonoscopy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of good bowel preparation assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) (6 or more points). The secondary endpoints were the time from when pPEG (MoviPrep, EA Pharma, Tokyo, Japan) was taken until colonoscopy could be started, amount of PEG taken, number of defecations, whether additional PEG doses were taken, and adverse events. Endoscopy-related endpoints included cecal intubation rate, insertion time, observation time, adenoma detection rate (ADR), and polyp detection rate (PDR). The tolerability of PEG and macrogol 4000 was assessed using a questionnaire.Results: Forty patients were included in the analysis. The median BBPS was 7 (range, (3–9)) and ³6 points in 37 cases (92.5%). The median time until colonoscopy can be started was 210 min (90–360 min), the median volume of PEG taken was 1500 mL (1000–2000 mL), and the median number of defecations was 7 (3-20). No adverse events were observed. Fourteen patients required an additional dose of PEG. Cecal intubation was achieved in all cases, the median insertion time was 6.0 min (range, 2.3–22 min), and the median observation time was 8.8 min (range, 4.0–16.0 min). The ADR and PDR were 60.0% and 75.0%, respectively. A greater proportion of patients rated the tolerability of macrogol 4000 as good compared with that of PEG (95.0% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.01).Conclusions: Intake of macrogol 4000 in addition to PEG is effective and safe for colonoscopy in patients with chronic constipation.
Circular RNA NEK6 Contributes To The Development of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Competitively Binding With miR-382-5p to Elevate BCAS2 Expression at Post-Transcriptional Level
Authors: Cao Fei , Wu Xiaoxia , Shan Yongfeng , Zhang Binbin , Wang Haonan , Liu Hui , Yu Hao
Published: July 2021

Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the commonest type of lung cancer, which is one of most deadly cancers that possess high morbidity and mortality all over the world. The function of circular RNA NIMA related kinase 6 (circ_NEK6) in NSCLC is still unknown. Therefore, circ_NEK6 is worth studying in detail. Methods: RT-qPCR and western blot assays were employed to detect gene expression. Colony formation, EdU, JC-1, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were implemented to explore the function of circ_NEK6 on biological activities of NSCLC cells. Mechanism experiments were conducted to unveil the relationship among molecules. Results: Circ_NEK6 expression was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells. Functionally, the silencing of circ_NEK6 could effectively suppress NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Circ_NEK6 sequestered miR-382-5p to fortify the expression of breast carcinoma amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) in NSCLC. Besides, BCAS2 had tumor-promoting function in NSCLC. Furthermore, the effects of down-regulated circ_NEK6 on the malignant behaviors of NSCLC cells were totally recovered by miR-382-5p inhibition or BCAS2 overexpression. Conclusion: Circ_NEK6 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of BCAS2 by absorbing miR-382-5p, which may be treated as a novel promising target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Layer-by-layer Assembly Polyethylenimine/phytic Acid Coating With Gradient Structure for High-Efficiency and Durable Flame Retardant Cotton Fabric With Good Physical and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Liu Xinhua , Liu Hailong , Fang Yinchun
Published: July 2021

In this study, intumescent flame retardant coating of polyethylenimine/phytic acid (PEI/PA) with gradient structure was constructed on cotton fabric through facile layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method. The LOI value of coated cotton fabric reached over 40% indicating excellent flame retardancy. Reasonable controlling the LBL assembly process of PEI/PA coating brought less influence to the physical properties of cotton fabrics. And the coated cotton fabric revealed good flame retardant washing durability. Thermogravimetric analysis results of coated cotton fabrics showed that PEI/PA flame retardant coating changed the thermal decomposition process and promoted char formation revealing the obviously condensed phase flame retardant action. SEM images of char residues revealed that PEI/PA flame retardant coating promoted to form the intumescent flame retardant (IFR) char layer showing obvious IFR action. This research provides novel strategy for the development of high-efficiency flame retardant cotton fabric with good durability and physical properties using simple LBL assembly method.
Indirect Evidence of Increased Cerebral Plasticity of Musicians with Malignant Cerebral Tumors; Longer Overall Survival Status according to Nonmusicians
Authors: Gasenzer Elena Romana , Kanat Ayhan , Ozdemir Bulent , Batcik Osman Ersegun , Ozdemir Vacide
Published: July 2021

Background

There are some reported musicians with cerebral tumors, but no comparative study of the survival status of musician and nonmusician patients with malignant cerebral tumors was made. This subject was investigated.
Material and methods

Musician people list with cerebral tumors was searched from the English Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_with_brain_tumors). Their survival status, ages, and gender were statistically compared with 30 nonmusician patients with cerebral malign tumors.
Results

66 (Group 1 or Musician Group; MG) musicians with malignant tumors list were found from Wikipedia. Survival times of only 47 musicians could be reached from Wikipedia. The mean Survival of this group is 20.06 months, however, it was 13.10 months non-musician group, and the difference of survival was statistically significant (p < 0.05), however, ages and gender were not.
Conclusion

There is an interaction between music and brain anatomic structures. Our study showed that the survival status of musicians and non-musician with malign cerebral tumors is not the same. This result may be dependent on the altered musician's brain or neuronal plasticity, and the response of the musician's brain's to malign tumor. More studies are needed.
Catalytic Effects of the New Schiff Base Metal Complexes on the Conversion of Benzyl Alcohol to Benzaldehyde and Benzoic Acid
Authors: Ziba Cengiz Ayhan , Dolaz Mustafa , Celikci Nuran
Published: July 2021

In this study, two new salicylidene hydroxyl ligands (HL1 and HL2) and their metal complexes (Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Ru3+, Cr3+, and VO2+) were synthesized and characterized by the spectroscopic and analytical methods. The molecular structure of the ligand HL1 was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Catalytic effects of the Schiff base metal complexes on benzyl alcohol were investigated in the H2O2 medium. In this oxidation reaction, the percent conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and benzoic acid was determined as %benzaldehyde and %benzoic acid by the gas chromatography (GC) method. Finally, the synthesized metal complexes found the highest catalytic effect that Co and Mn metal complexes 97-98% benzyl alcohol conversion. And maximum %benzoic acid formation is seen in MnL1 (39%) and VOL1 (58%) metal complexes.
Willingness to Offer HIV Self-testing Among Health Care Providers From Specialized HIV Care Services in the Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Jordão Tiago , Magno Laio , Pereira Marcos , Rossi Thais Aranha Regis , Silva Pedro Almeida , Figueiredo Maria Aparecida , Prado Nília Maria Brito Lima , Santos Adriano Maia dos , Cangussu Cristina , Dourado Inês
Published: July 2021

Background: The lack of knowledge of the serological status of people living with HIV is still a concern in Brazil. HIV self-testing (HIVST) has proved to have great potential for expanding testing, especially among more vulnerable populations. The large-scale distribution of HIVST by the Brazilian public health system has been ramped up in recent years.Methods: This study investigates the awareness, acceptability, and factors associated with willingness to offer HIV self-testing (HIVST) among health care providers (HCP) in northeastern Brazil. Cross-sectional study with HCP in 29 specialized care services (SCS) from 21 cities from state of Bahia. The inclusion criterion was that HCP had been working at least six months in the service. Sociodemographic, occupational, and behavioral data were collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis, estimating the respective adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) by logistic regression, were performed.Results: The awareness and acceptability of HIVST, and willingness to offer it were 79.8%, 55.2%, and 47.1%, respectively. Few of the professionals reported that the SCS where they worked dispensed HIVST (3.6%), and 13.5% said they had received some kind of information or training on HIVST. Factors associated with willingness to offer HIVST were: HIVST acceptability (aOR = 9.45; 95% CI: 4.53 – 19.71), agreement to use it oneself (aOR = 4.45; 95% CI: 1.62 – 12.24), confidence in offering HIVST to service users (aOR = 5.73; 95% CI: 2.26 – 12.72), and considering the general public eligible for HIVST (aOR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.25–6.59).Conclusions: Although HIVST awareness among the HCP was high, its acceptability and their willingness to offer it was moderate. More training in HIVST is needed among HCP in Brazil.