bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dose-dependent and time-dependent metabolic, hemodynamic, and redox disturbances in dexamethasone-treated Wistar rats
Authors: Nguelefack-Mbuyo Elvine P. , Peyembouo Fernande P. , Fofié Christian K. , Nguelefack Télesphore B.
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Dexamethasone is used experimentally to induce insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, data concerning the dose, the duration of treatment, and the associated comorbidities are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different doses of dexamethasone and the duration of treatment necessary for the development of a model of insulin resistance that mimics the clinical condition with the associated comorbidities.

Methods

Dexamethasone was administered intramuscularly to male Wistar rats, at doses of 500 and 1,000 µg/kg/day for the subchronic treatment (eight consecutive days) and at doses of 5, 25, 50, and 100 µg/kg/day in chronic treatment (28 consecutive days). Effects on body weight, metabolism, hemodynamics, renal function, and redox status were evaluated.

Results

Both treatments induced a progressive body weight loss that was drastic in subchronic treatment, improved glucose tolerance without affecting fasting glycemia. Doses of 1,000 and 100 µg/kg were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and increased heart rate, cardiac and renal hypertrophy. Increased creatinemia associated with reduced creatinuria were observed in sub-chronic treatment while increased proteinuria and reduced creatinuria were noticed in chronic treatment. 1,000 µg/kg dexamethasone caused an increase in hepatic, and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) coupled with a reduction in catalase activity. The dose of 100 µg/kg induced a rise in GSH and catalase activity but reduced MDA levels in the kidney.

Conclusions

Doses of 1,000 µg/kg for subchronic and 100 µg/kg for chronic treatment exhibited similar effects and are the best doses to respective time frames to induce the model.
Von Wittenberg und Nürnberg nach Kronstadt: Die Siebenbürgischen Kirchenordnungen von 1543/47 vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Wurzeln
Authors: Kohnle Armin
Published: April 2021

In the early phase of the Reformation in Transylvania, two church-regulating texts became particularly important: Johannes Honter’s little Reformation booklet for Kronstadt und Burzenland from 1543 and the church regulations published in print in 1547, which the Universitas Saxonum made binding for the entire area of Saxon law three years later. The essay focuses on these two important texts and analyzes their roots in the Reformation tradition of the Holy Roman Empire and the Swiss Confederation. Wittenberg and Nuremberg stand for two of the possible sources from which the Transylvanian church ordinances could have drawn. In view of more than a century of intensive historiographical debate on these questions, an attempt is made to present the different positions and to check them for plausibility. The influence of Swiss theology, which is important from a church historical perspective, is also analyzed here.
Who should return for an oral glucose tolerance test? A proposed clinical pathway based on retrospective analysis of 332 children
Authors: Poon Sarah Wing-Yiu , Wong Wilfred Hing-Sang , Tsang Anita Man-Ching , Poon Grace Wing-Kit , Tung Joanna Yuet-Ling
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Fasting plasma glucose or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is the traditional diagnostic tool for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, fasting is required and implementation in all overweight/obese subjects is not practical. This study aimed to formulate a clinical pathway to stratify subjects according to their risk of abnormal OGTT.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients with overweight or obesity who had undergone OGTT in a tertiary paediatric unit from 2012 to 2018. The optimal haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) cutoff that predicts abnormal OGTT was evaluated. Other non-fasting parameters, in combination with this HbA1c cutoff, were also explored as predictors of abnormal OGTT.

Results

Three hundred and thirty-two patients (boys: 54.2%, Chinese: 97.3%) were included for analysis, of which, 272 (81.9%) patients had normal OGTT while 60 (18.0%) patients had abnormal OGTT (prediabetes or T2DM). Optimal HbA1c predicting abnormal OGTT was 5.5% (AUC 0.71; sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 71%). When HbA1c≥5.5% was combined with positive family history and abnormal alanine transaminase (ALT) level, the positive predictive value for abnormal OGTT was increased from 33.6 to 61.6%.

Conclusions

HbA1c, family history of T2DM and ALT level could be used to derive a clinical pathway to stratify children who have high risk of abnormal OGTT.
Pregnant women’s psychological state and influence factors: anxiety, and depression during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Cao Yuming , Liu Juan , Zhang Yuanzhen , Li Yating , Chen Zhenlie , Lu Jing
Published: April 2021

Objectives

The outbreak of COVID-19 affects both physical and mental health of pregnant women. This study focuses on their psychological status, and analyzes the main factors affecting their emotions of pregnant women so as to provide guidance for psychological counseling and social intervention during epidemics.

Methods

Multiple researchers distributed a questionnaire online via the Internet. Pregnant women volunteered, and the questionnaire was automatically collected in the background.

Results

The 298 valid questionnaires recovered showed that 82 cases of pregnant women were in states of anxiety, accounting for 27.51%, of which 78.05% were mild (82 cases), 19.51% were moderate (16 cases), and 2.44% were severe (2 cases). Moreover, 31.21% of pregnant women were in states of depression (93 cases), of which 52.69% were mild (49 cases), 40.86% were moderate (38 cases), and 6.45% were severe (6 cases). The risk factors for states of anxiety or depression were fear of fetal malformation or genetic disease, history of adverse pregnancy, can’t do routine prenatal examination, and insufficient support and care from husbands and families. Besides, 16 cases had sought psychological help during the epidemic, among whom 62.50% (10 cases) experienced anxiety, 68.75% (11 cases) had depression.

Conclusions

During the outbreak of COVID-19, obstetricians may take use of the Internet, based on the advantages in epidemic prevention, controlling health education, and popularizing science. In addition, husbands and family members should provide greater care for pregnant women, to protect their mental health during public health incidents.
The transition from pediatric to adult rheumatology care through creating positive and productive patient-provider relationships: an opportunity often forgotten
Authors: Semalulu Teresa , McColl Jeanine , Alam Arzoo , Thomas Steffy , Herrington Julie , Gorter Jan Willem , Cellucci Tania , Garner Stephanie , Heale Liane , Matsos Mark , Beattie Karen A. , Batthish Michelle
Published: April 2021

Background

The transition of patients with a chronic rheumatic disease from pediatric to adult care has been characterized by poor medical and patient-centered outcomes due to the lack of comprehensive transition programs and the paucity of evidence to guide practitioners. We describe a multidisciplinary transition program, data assessing patients’ preparedness for transition and perception of care providers, and the association between these outcomes.

Content

Patients aged 14–19 with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) were recruited from Rheumatology Transition Clinics and Young Adult Clinics at a single institution. Participants completed the TRANSITION-Q, which assesses healthcare self-management skills as a proxy for transition readiness, and the Consultation and Relational Empathy Scale (CARE) questionnaire, which measures patients’ perception of their providers’ care and empathy.

Among 63 participants, 87% had JIA (mean age 16.5 years). Age was the only patient characteristic positively associated with TRANSITION-Q scores. CARE scores revealed overwhelmingly positive interactions between patients and healthcare team members. TRANSITION-Q and CARE scores were positively correlated.

Outlook

The transition from pediatric to adult rheumatology care should be recognized as an opportunity to impact the trajectories of patients entering adult care where the patient-provider relationship may play an important role.
Seasonal Adjustment of Daily Time Series
Authors: Ollech Daniel
Published: April 2021

Currently, the methods used by producers of official statistics do not facilitate the seasonal and calendar adjustment of daily time series, even though an increasing number of series with daily observations are available. The aim of this paper is the development of a procedure to estimate and adjust for periodically recurring systematic effects and the influence of moving holidays in time series with daily observations. To STL based seasonal adjustment routine is combined with a RegARIMA model for the estimation of calendar and outlier effects. The procedure is illustrated and validated using a set of daily time series with different seasonal characteristics as well as simulated data. The developed procedure closes a gap by facilitating the seasonal and calendar adjustment of daily time series.
Schuldig bei Verdacht? Prüfstrategien in Beschuldigtenvernehmungen
Authors: May Lennart , Stein Annemarie , Gundlach Thomas E. , Volbert Renate
Published: April 2021

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, ob in Beschuldigtenvernehmungen eine positive Prüfstrategie angewendet wird, die bei uneindeutiger Beweislage aufgrund einer strukturbedingten Schuldannahme schuldverzerrend sein kann und wie einer solchen entgegengewirkt werden kann. Hierzu lasen Studierende einer Polizeihochschule (N = 73) eine Fallvignette zu einem Einbruchsdelikt und sollten, a) Fragen zur Vorbereitung der Beschuldigtenvernehmung selbst formulieren und b) geeignete Fragen aus einem Fragenkatalog auswählen. Die Instruktion für die Teilnehmenden wurde dabei variiert: Sie sollten die Beschuldigtenvernehmung entweder ohne nähere Instruktion vorbereiten (offen-instruierte Bedingung) oder wurden explizit aufgefordert herauszufinden, ob der zu Vernehmende schuldig (schuldig-instruierte Bedingung) bzw. ob er unschuldig ist (unschuldig-instruierte Bedingung). Die aus dem Fragenkatalog ausgewählten Fragen waren in der unschuldig-instruierten Bedingung eher unschuldsverzerrt, während in den anderen beiden Instruktionsbedingungen ergebnisoffene Fragen präferiert wurden. Die drei Instruktionsbedingungen unterschieden sich jedoch nicht signifikant voneinander. Sollten die Teilnehmer selbst Fragen formulieren, fand sich in allen drei Bedingungen eine Tendenz in Richtung schuldverzerrter Fragen; zwischen den drei Instruktionsbedingungen traten wiederum keine signifikanten Unterschiede auf. Die bloße Instruktion, die Unschuld des Beschuldigten zu prüfen, schwächte die schuldverzerrende Tendenz bei der eigenständigen Fragenformulierung also nicht bedeutsam ab.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 4-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)benzaldehyde, C13H8N2O6
Authors: Hao Chen-Hong , Meng Jiao , Tian Jing , Luo Xiao-Fang , Wang Zong-Cheng
Published: April 2021

C13H8N2O6, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\bar{1}$

(no. 2), a = 6.9561(5) Å, b = 7.3040(5) Å, c = 13.2883(8) Å, α = 100.988(3)°, β = 95.557(3)°, γ = 107.424(3)°, V = 623.76(7) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0376, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1008, T = 150(2) K.
Efficacy of procalcitonin and pentraxin-3 as early biomarkers for differential diagnosis of pleural effusions
Authors: Sharma Anita , Agrawal Apurva , Sindhwani Girish , Sharma Ashish , Tomo Sojit , Charan Jaykaran , Yadav Dharmveer , Sharma Praveen
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Pleural effusion, defined as an abnormal accumulation of fluid in pleural space, can be of two types: transudative and exudative. The primary aim of the study was to assess the predictive accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) and pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) in comparison to other biochemical markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions.

Methods

A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on patients with pleural effusion. Multiple comparisons and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analyses were made to evaluate the diagnostic significance of biochemical markers.

Results

Sixty-six patients with exudative pleural effusion classified as malignant, tuberculous, and parapneumonic effusions (malignant pleural effusion [MPE], tuberculous [TPE], and parapneumonic [PPE]) were included. Significant differences in pleural fluid levels in both PCT (p-value: 0.001) and PTX-3(p-value: 0.001), as well as serum levels of PCT (p-value: 0.001), were observed between the three groups. ROC analysis showed both PTX-3 and PCT having favorable discrimination ability with high sensitivity (≥90%) and specificity to predict PPE from TPE and MPE.

Conclusions

Evaluation of serum and pleural fluid PCT and levels of PTX-3 in the pleural fluid may be used as an early biomarker to differentiate the etiology of pleural effusion.
3D tumor model – a platform for anticancer drug development
Authors: Kaźmierski Łukasz , Maj Małgorzata
Published: April 2021

While still attractive, the currently available 2D cell culture models present several limitations and if possible should be supplemented with their 3D counterparts, that is with spheroids/organoids or bio-printed structures. Those alternatives can sometimes show widely different results compared to the simpler 2D cell culture, especially during cytotoxicity testing that is often used during cancer drug development and in the rising field of personalized medicine. Although some of the methods like spheroid formation and basic alginate based bio-prints were already available for years, they still require huge amounts of optimization and troubleshooting to be used effectively. Proficient use of dedicated tools and software can help to overcome some of the difficulties associated with those seemingly well described models. In this article we compare the most popular and currently available methods of acquiring 3D bio-models while describing their limitations and shortcomings as well as technical hurdles that one has to overcome to succeed in the use of this complex model.
Structural performance of textile reinforced concrete sandwich panels under axial and transverse load
Authors: Hong Junqing , Zhang Shaofeng , Fang Hai , Xu Xunqian , Xie Honglei , Wang Yuntian
Published: April 2021

The performance of textile reinforced concrete composite panels (TRCCPs) under the action of pseudo-static load up to collapse was evaluated. The test of TRCCPs under axial and transverse loading was conducted, and the results were compared with those for steel wire mesh reinforced-concrete composite panels (SMRCCPs). Ceram-site concrete was utilized as the panel matrix owing to its lightweight and insulation characteristics. The ultimate load bearing capacity, load-deformation and load-strain relationships, and failure modes were discussed and investigated in comparison with the findings of non-linear finite-element-model (FEM) analysis and the analytic method on the basis of the reinforced concrete (RC) theory. The analysis results indicate that TRCCP is suitable for use as a potential structural member for a wall or slab system of buildings, and the typical RC theory can be applied to predict the ultimate load bearing capacity if modified suitably.
Development of an innovative composite sandwich matting with GFRP facesheets and wood core
Authors: Xie Honglei , Fang Hai , Cai Wei , Wan Li , Huo Ruili , Hui David
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the concept, design, fabrication, application and experimental validation of a new type of composite sandwich matting. The composite sandwich matting comprises a paulownia woods as core material and glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) as face-skins and lattice-webs. The matting was fabricated by vacuum infusion moulding process (VIMP). The mechanical properties of the component materials were studied. Four-point bending tests were also performed to investigate the flexural properties of the paulownia wood core sandwich panels. The experimental results showed that the failure mode of the structures was upper facesheet compressive yielding. The structures have good integrity against transverse load, there was a large plateau region after the initial failure and can prevent the structures from catastrophic failure. The finite element (FE) analysis showed a good agreement with the experimental results in predicting the load-displacement curve. The developed composite sandwich matting has been successfully used in military engineering, emergency rescue and large infrastructure construction owing to its excellent mechanical properties.
Research progress on mechanical properties of geopolymer recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Xu Zhong , Huang Zhenpu , Liu Changjiang , Deng Xiaowei , Hui David , Deng Shujin
Published: April 2021

In the global construction industry, with the growth of population, two important construction problems have to be faced, namely, the excessive consumption of non-renewable resources and the massive accumulation of construction waste. In order to solve these problems, geopolymer recycled aggregate concrete (GRAC) arises at the historic moment. On the one hand, using geopolymers produced by industrial wastes to completely or partially replace cement can reduce cement consumption, thus reducing CO2 emissions. On the other hand, recycled concrete made of recycled aggregate can consume accumulated construction waste and save non-renewable materials and land resources. The combination of the two materials can protect the environment to the greatest extent and save resources. This article reviews the current research on the mechanical properties of GRAC, makes a systematic analysis of GRAC materials, reaction mechanisms, and evaluation indicators, and also discusses the application prospects of GRAC, and strives to make contributions to the field and industry.
Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants as a risk factor of offspring metabolic syndrome development during childhood
Authors: González Marlene Cervantes
Published: April 2021

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are exogenous, artificially made chemicals that can disrupt the biological system of individuals and animals. POPs encompass a variety of chemicals including, dioxins, organochlorines (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that contain a long half-life and highly resistant to biodegradation. These environmental pollutants accumulate over time in adipose tissues of living organisms and alter various insulin function-related genes. Childhood Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) consists of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, insulin function being one of them. Over the years, the incidence of the syndrome has increased dramatically. It is imperative to explore the role of persistent organic pollutants in the development of Childhood Metabolic Syndrome. Some epidemiological studies have reported an association between prenatal exposure to POPs and offspring MetS development throughout childhood. These findings have been replicated in animal studies in which these pollutants exercise negative health outcomes such as obesity and increased waist circumference. This review discusses the role of prenatal exposure to POPs among offspring who develop MetS in childhood, the latest research on the MetS concept, epidemiological and experimental findings on MetS, and the POPs modes of action. This literature review identified consistent research results on this topic. Even though the studies in this review had many strengths, one major weakness was the usage of different combinations of MetS criteria to measure the outcomes. These findings elucidate the urgent need to solidify the pediatric MetS definition. An accurate definition will permit scientists to measure the MetS as a health outcome properly and allow clinicians to diagnose pediatric MetS and provide individualized treatment appropriately.
Dynamic water fill level measurement using a phantom-dependent adaptive electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) method
Authors: Kandlbinder-Paret Christoph , Fischerauer Alice , Fischerauer Gerhard
Published: April 2021

In electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), the resolution of the reconstructed permittivity distribution improves with the number of electrodes used whereas the number of capacitance measurements and the measurement time increases with the number of electrodes. To cope with this tradeoff, we present a phantom-dependent adaptation scheme in which coarse measurements are performed with terminal electrodes interconnected to form a synthetic electrode ring with fewer but larger electrodes. The concept was tested by observing the sloshing of water inside a pipe. We compare the reconstructed results based on eight synthetic electrodes, on 16 elementary electrodes, and on the adaptation scheme involving both the eight synthetic electrodes and some of the elementary capacitances. The reconstruction used the projected Landweber algorithm for capacitances determined by a finite-element simulation and for measured capacitances. The results contain artefacts attributed to the influence of the high permittivity of water compared to the low permittivity of the pipe wall. The adaptation scheme leads to nearly the same information as a full measurement of all 120 elementary capacitances but only requires the measurement of 30 % fewer capacitances. By detecting the fill level using a tomometric method, it can be determined within an uncertainty of 5 % FS.
Affine symmetric group
Authors: Lewis Joel Brewster
Published: April 2021

The affine symmetric group is a mathematical structure that describes the symmetries of the number line and the regular triangular tesselation of the plane, as well as related higher dimensional objects. It is an infinite extension of the symmetric group, which consists of all permutations (rearrangements) of a finite set. In additition to its geometric description, the affine symmetric group may be defined as the collection of permutations of the integers (..., −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, ...) that are periodic in a certain sense, or in purely algebraic terms as a group with certain generators and relations. These different definitions allow for the extension of many important properties of the finite symmetric group to the infinite setting, and are studied as part of the fields of combinatorics and representation theory.
Development and validation of a rapid selective high-throughput LC-MS/MS method for the determination of triclabendazole sulfoxide concentrations in sheep plasma and its use in bioequivalence studies
Authors: Farczádi Lénárd , Dósa Álmos , Melles Orsolya , Vlase Laurian
Published: April 2021

Triclabendazole is one of the main drugs used to treat liver fluke in livestock. A rapid LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to determine ovine plasma levels of triclabendazole sulfoxide.

A Gemini NX-C18 column was used to achieve analytical separation, with gradient elution of a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitril and 0.1% formic acid in water at flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. MRM with positive ESI ionization was used for the detection of triclabendazole sulfoxide (m/z 360.10 from m/z 376.97). Fenbendazole was used as internal standard. Plasma protein precipitation with acetonitrile was used for sample processing.

The method was validated with regards to selectivity, linearity (r > 0.9939), within run and between run precision (CV < 8.9%) and accuracy (bias < 8.9%) over the concentration range 1–100 µg/mL plasma.

The method developed is simple, selective and can be applied in bioequivalence and bioavailability studies.
Intensity and duration of phases of wound healing after surgical intervention in сases of spontaneous periodontitis accompanied by various reactivity of the body
Authors: Yarov Yuriy
Published: April 2021

The usage of the principle of optimal management, namely such effects on complicated forms, when the course of the disease is close to that of uncomplicated course of the disease is very promising in drug therapy of patients with generalized periodontitis.
The aim is to study the intensity and duration of the phases of wound healing of the mucosa after spontaneous periodontitis surgery accompanied by normo-, hyper- and hyporeactivity of the body by cytological examination of smear-imprints of wound exudate.
Materials and methods: The experiments were performed on 24 adult mongrel dogs divided into three equal groups. In the first group, drugs that disrupt the reactivity of the organism were not used (normoreactivity of the organism). In the second group, the animals were simulated a сondition of hyperreactivity, in the third group – the hyporeactivity of the organism. All the animals with spontaneous periodontitis underwent a patchwork surgery. In the period after surgery, cytological examination was performed on the 1st, 4th, 6th and 9th day of the experiment.
Results: It has been revealed that in cases of the normal reactivity of the organism the following periods of cellular reactions during the healing of the gums mucous membrane can be differentiated within the appropriate terms: the period of degenerative-inflammatory changes (1st day), active granulocyte-macrophage reaction (4th day), reparations (6th day) and the period of increase of reparative processes with a decrease in the overall cellular response (9th day).
Examination of smear-imprints after surgical treatment in animals with spontaneous periodontitis with hyper- and hyporeactivity of the body allowed to identify the same periods of cellular reactions during the healing of the gingival mucosa, as in cases of normoreaction with hyperreation.Tthe intensity and duration of the wound healing phases differed from those which are typical for normoreactivity of the body: granulocyte-macrophage reaction was more pronounced and lasted longer until the 6th day, so later only on the 9th day there were cellular signs of regeneration.
With hyporeaction, the intensity and duration of the wound healing phases differed from those which are typical for normoreactivity of the body: granulocyte reaction occurred later (only on the 6th day) and lasted longer, signs of active regeneration appeared later on the 9th day. Therefore, postoperative wound healing in animals with impaired body reactivity was delayed for 3-4 days.
Conclusions: Thus, direct medical correction with transforming intensity and duration of the phases of the wound process which are characteristic for impaired reactivity of the body into the phases which are typical for normoreaction is essential. It provides synchronization of necrotic and reparative processes and creates conditions for normal uncomplicated healing of periodontal soft tissues
Anthropometric parameters of first-year students of pedagogical specialties
Authors: Vasilieva Svetlana , Stepanenko Inna , Kravchuk Kateryna
Published: April 2021

The topic is relevant due to a detailed study of the factors determining the health level of nowadays students, and taking these factors into consideration for the development of programs to strengthen their health. Since the scientific literary data on the physical development of student youth is somewhat contradictory, namely the morphological and functional indicators of a person depends on the level of physical health and adaptive capacity, it has been decided to determine the freshmen’s anthropometric parameters.

The aim of the study was to take anthropometric measurements of total and comprehensive body size of 105 students studying at Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, assess their compliance with anthropometric standards, determine the somatotype and foot shape in order to create a database for further monitoring of physical development and identify patterns of anthropometric indicators under conditions of modern learning technologies.

Research methods. Anthropometric measurements were taken according to standard anthropometric methods suggested by V. V. Bunak [1]. Data estimation was performed by the method of centile intervals and indices. The foot shape was assessed by the plantogram based on the Chyzhyn index. The obtained data were statistically processed according to the STATISTICA 5.5 program.

Research results. The peculiarities of anthropometric parameters and somatotype of Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University first-year students are established: height, body weight; girth sizes: chest, waist, hips; body mass index, Kettle mass-growth index, body harmony indices, foot shape
The dual form of education as a component of integration processes in the educational environment
Authors: Kravchenko Olha
Published: April 2021

The most important characteristic feature of the current stage of development of higher education in Ukraine is integration processes that reflect, on the one hand, substantive and structural changes within the education system, and on the other hand, the processes of interaction between education and the production sphere. The priorities of state policy and the concept of innovative development in the field of education indicate the necessity to form a wide range of mechanisms for cooperation between business and educational institutions. In the educational standard of higher education in specialty it is noted that the future specialist must be ready for the following activities: production and technological activities, project activities, research activities, organizational and management activities. Specific types of professional activity, for which a specialist is mainly prepared, are determined by higher educational institutions in cooperation with students, teachers, and employers' associations. With such an essential range of requirements for future specialists, there is a need for qualitative changes in the content and organization of training.

In modern social and economic conditions, the activities of higher education institutions that train specialists for the food industry are associated with solving a number of problems: the imperfection of the mechanisms of social partnership between educational institutions and employers; insufficient practical orientation in the training of qualified personnel for a particular enterprise; inconsistency of the educational and resource base of educational institutions. As a result of the search for effective forms of organizing of the educational process for solving the tasks set before education, the introduction of elements of dual education in the educational process seems to be expedient, promising, and of current interest
Orientacja lewicowa w środowiskach opozycji politycznej w PRL (1976-1989)
Authors: Wierzbicki Paweł
Published: April 2021

W swojej pracy autor udowadnia, wbrew obiegowym opiniom i stereotypizacji opozycji antykomunistycznej jako nie lewicowej, że opozycyjna myśl polityczna była zdominowana przez nurt lewicowy w drugiej połowie lat 70. i w latach 80. Zarówno w sferze światopoglądowej oraz ideowej, jak i polityczno-programowej.
Altered microbiota in the female reproductive tract as a risk factor for failure of assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Lebedeva E A. , Rishchuk S. V. , Dushenkova T. A. , Mokhov A. S. , Desyatova M. V. , Ermolenko E. I. , Leontyeva G. F. , Svarval A. V. , Shchederkina E. E. , Kolodzhieva V. V. , Nilova L. Yu. , Orishak E. A. , Goncharov A. E.
Published: April 2021

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are one of the most effective ways in fighting infertility, but their effectiveness is influenced by various factors. Our study focuses on examining importance of risk factors underlying ART failure related to altered microbiome pattern in the female reproductive system. The case-control study was based on conducting a laboratory examination of 129 infertile couples applied to the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies due to failure of in vitro fertilization (IVF), whereas control group consisted of females with successful progressive pregnancy after ART. Chlamydia, herpes virus and cytomegalovirus were assessed by using PCR and ELISA, whereas culture method was used to detect Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal swabs and ejaculate applying Trichomonas Modified CPLM Medium (HiMedia, India) followed by microscopy. In addition, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the vaginal biocenosis was studied with multiplex RT-PCR by using Femoflor-16 kit (DNA-technologies, Russia). Serological tests were based on measuring IgG and IgA antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis in ELISA (diagnostic kits purchased from Vektor Best, Russia; NovaTec, Germany; ImmunoComb, Israel) as well as antibodies against immediate early HSV-1/2 proteins (BioService, Russia) and immediate early HHV-5 proteins (Vector Best, Russia). C. trachomatis and herpesvirus DNA was measured by using PCR diagnostic kits Amplisens (Interlabservice, Russia). It was found that sexually transmitted infection agents were highly prevalent in infertile couples applying to the hospital for IVF. Significant factors for non-pregnancy were vaginal dysmicrobiocenosis (OR = 7.5 (95% CI 1.04—54.1), p = 0.02) and detected T. vaginalis (OR = 2.6 (95% CI 1.12—6.4), p = 0.01). Dysbiosis of the reproductive system, including those occurring due to trichomonas infection is associated with lowered ART effectiveness. It is evident to timely detect urogenital infections and dysbiosis while preparing infertile couples for IVF cycles.
Acknowledgments
Authors: Aesthetics Black
Published: April 2021

N/A
Newton’s Second Law of a particle with variable mass
Authors: Thomaz M.T.
Published: April 2021

We approach the question of the movement of a particle with variable mass observed from an inertial frame. We consider two different situations: (i) a particle whose intrinsic mass value varies over time; (ii) the center of mass (CM) of a set of particles with constant mass but with a variable number of particles belonging to it. We show that Newton’s Second Law distinguishes the case in which the intrinsic mass of the particle varies over time from systems composed of particles, with constant mass, whose total mass varies over time. In the first case, we study the consequences of the equation of motion of a particle with variable mass is not covariant in inertial references under Galilean transformations. We also show that the equation that drives the dynamics of the CM of a system with variable number of particles preserves the equivalence of all inertial frames under the Galilean transformations. We verify the non-conservation of the linear momentum vector of the CM of a set of free particles during the time that one particle leaves or comes into the system.
Ecología de medios, imaginarios y algoritmos: Una mirada sobre las dinámicas comunicativas del activismo digital
Authors: López-Ferrández Francisco
Published: April 2021

Reseña del libro: Treré, Emiliano (2019). Hybrid media activism. Ecologies, imaginaries, algorithms. Londres/Nueva York: Routledge. ISBN: 978-1-138-21814-7, 236 pags.
Keskeiset keinot luontokadon pysäyttämiseksi
Authors: Kotiaho Janne S. , Ahlvik Lassi , Boström Christoffer , Bäck Jaana , Herzon Irina , Jokimäki Jukka , Kallio Kirsi Pauliina , Kulmala Liisa , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Nieminen Tiina M. , Oksanen Elina , Pappila Minna , Pöyry Juha , Saarikoski Heli , Sinkkonen Aki , Sääksjärvi Ilari , Ketola Tarmo
Published: April 2021

Sanna Marinin hallitus on sitoutunut luonnon monimuotoisuuden tilan parantamiseen ja luontokadon pysäyttämiseen. Lupaus on äärimmäisen tärkeä. Luonnon ekosysteemien heikennys uhkaa elintärkeiden eko-systeemipalveluiden tuotantoa sekä ihmisten terveyttä, hyvinvointia ja turvallisuutta. Maailman talousfoorumi on nostanut luontokadon viiden vakavimman ihmiskuntaa uhkaavan riskin joukkoon. Myös Suomen luontotyyppien ja lajiston uhanalaisuustilanne on hälyttävä. Hallituksen kehysriihessä päätetään hallitusohjelman toteuttamisesta ja lunastetaan vuoden 2019 eduskuntavaalien lupaukset luonto- ja ilmastotoimista. Myös EU:n uusi biodiversiteettistrategia velvoittaa Suomea panostamaan luonnonsuojeluun entistä enemmän.
Становление журнального дела в российской социологии: феномен альманаха «Рубеж» (1991–2001)
Authors: Бороноев Асалхан Ользонович , Миронов Денис Викторович
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена развитию журнального дела в российской социологии. Авторы утверждают, что журналы по социологии способствовали консолидации и профессионализации социологического сообщества, установлению коммуникаций внутри него и институционализации социологии как науки. Статья содержит историко-социологический обзор развития социологических журналов в России с конца XIX века. В качестве иллюстрации основных тезисов статьи авторы обращаются к примеру социологического альманаха «Рубеж», который, по их мнению, сыграл заметную роль в период возрождения социологического образования в России в 1990-е годы.
Measure Effects of Manufacturing Variations of ENDS on coil Lifetime and Aerosol Generation v1
Authors: Saleh Qutaiba , C Hensel Edward , C. Eddingsaas Nathan , Robinson Risa
Published: April 2021

Manufacturing variations in coil resistance, initial pod mass, and e-liquid color could have effects on the performance of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS). Specifically, these variations could affect coil lifetime, total particular mater yield, and e-liquid consumption rate. This protocol is a step by step explanation of the test procedure used to assess these effects. The steps describe the preparation of test specimens, making measurements, and running puffing sessions on the device under test. While this protocol was used for Vuse ALTO ENDS, it was written in a way to make it as generic as possible so that it can be applied to other brands and types of ENDS. This protocol was successfully used in bigger research project. The article which this protocol is associated with will be added to the Metadata once it is published.
HTAPP_Dissociation of primary neuroblastoma resection to a single-cell suspension for single-cell RNA-seq (using papain, density gradient, and optionally ACK) v1
Authors: Napolitano Sara , Wu Jingyi , Slyper Michal , Vigneau Sébastien , Rotem Asaf , Johnson Bruce , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Regev Aviv
Published: April 2021

This protocol was used for the dissociation of human neuroblastoma resections to a single-cell suspension compatible with droplet-based single-cell RNA-Seq technology for the Human Tumor Atlas Pilot Project. For processing human neuroblastoma tumors, however, we now recommend using the papain-based protocol established by Patel et al.
HTAPP_Test protocol_Dissociation of primary neuroblastoma resection to a single-cell suspension for single-cell RNA-seq (using papain and ACK) v1
Authors: Napolitano Sara , Wu Jingyi , Slyper Michal , Vigneau Sébastien , Rotem Asaf , Johnson Bruce , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Regev Aviv
Published: April 2021

This protocol was used as part of the Human Tumor Atlas Pilot Project’s (HTAPP) efforts to establish a working protocol for the dissociation of human neuroblastoma resections to a single-cell suspension compatible with droplet-based single-cell RNA-Seq technology. It is a testing protocol and we do not recommend using it for the intended purpose. Instead, for processing human neuroblastoma tumors, we recommend using the papain-based protocol established by Patel et al.
Authors: Dutra Nathalia Torres , Victório Cristiane Pimentel
Published: April 2021

Vehicle repair shops carry out various types of activities related to the repair and maintenance of automotive vehicles, such as mechanics, electronics, painting, lights, or oil changes. These activities generate solid wastes, effluents and air pollutants. When improperly managed, such waste material can have a negative effect on the environment and pose health risks. In addition to governmental licensing, these establishments must follow normative guidelines for the control and prevention of possible environmental impacts. However, many business owners do not understand their obligations in relation to environmental legislation or licensing. Therefore, this work aimed to identify problems in car repair shops in relation to current environmental regulations to provide compliance guidelines. To accomplish this, we carried out a data survey in vehicle repair shop for small vehicles with low polluting potential in the City of Rio de Janeiro – RJ (Brazil). By evaluating physical facilities, environmental control mechanisms and environmental management of waste, or the lack thereof, our results shed light on the key sources of pollution created by these establishments and how such pollution can be controlled by compliance with legislation applicable to this sector.
O CHAMADO DO CURUPIRA
Authors: Codá Virgínia , Da Silva Elidiomar Ribeiro , De Vasconcellos Marcelo Simão
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o potencial de um jogo sério do gênero Role Playing Game como instrumento de Divulgação Científica. Para essa análise, foi feito um estudo de caso, tendo como base um RPG intitulado “O chamado do Curupira”, o qual foitestado em sessões de jogos com grupos de adultos com idades que variavam entre 18 e 74 anos. Dois grupos foram compostos por pessoas que nunca tinham jogado RPG de mesa, e outro com pessoas experientes nesse tipo de jogo. Depois de cada sessão, foram feitasentrevistas de grupos focais, com a finalidade de compreender o ponto de vista dos jogadores, de forma mais aprofundada, e comentar sobre decisões que os grupos haviam tomado durante o jogo. As sessões e as entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas. Dentre os resultados encontrados e comentados, observam-se assuntos como imersão, primeiro contato com alguns assuntos científicos, relato de experiência do jogo, utilização de conhecimentos prévios, contextualização e um adequado entendimento de conceitos, como Divulgação Científica.
PANCS (PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS): UMA ABORDAGEM SOBRE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM NOVA IGUAÇU
Authors: Dos Santos Sandra Maiza , De Pádua Vânia Lúcia
Published: April 2021

Esse trabalho se constitui como um relato de um conjunto de ações de Educação Ambiental desenvolvidas com alunos do Ensino Médio em uma escola pública de Nova Iguaçu, periferia do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O projeto foi motivado pela percepção das condições de vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas da comunidade local, bem como pela qualidade de vida dos alunos e familiares. As atividades foram realizadas com base em metodologias ativas de pesquisa, debates e oficinas, objetivando um estímulo à autoestima e ao empoderamento dos participantes diante de condições desfavoráveis de vida às quais estão expostos, assim como o entendimento das potencialidades das plantas Plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANCs), e de seus próprios quintais, como recurso natural de geração de complementação alimentar e, até de renda. Foi possível observar o sucesso do projeto ao longo das atividades, pois os estudantes participaram de forma ativa, respondendo positivamente e gerando expectativas de mudanças de hábitos alimentares, mostrando que é altamente relevante a construção de conhecimentos visando qualificar alunos para uma postura crítica diante da problemática socioambiental, tendo como perspectiva a formação de uma cidadania que impulsione em direção ao tema da sustentabilidade.
TRANSFORMING THE CHARACTER OF THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER
Authors: COCKERILL KRISTAN
Published: April 2021

Despite the long-understood variability in the Mississippi River, the upper portions of the river have historically received less attention than the lower reach and this culminated in the lower river dominating twentieth century river management efforts. Since the seventeenth century, there have been multiple tendencies in how the upper river was characterized, including relatively spare notes about basic conditions such as channel width and flow rates which shifted to an emphasis on romantic descriptions of the riparian scenery by the mid-nineteenth century. Finally, by the late nineteenth century the upper river was routinely portrayed as a flawed entity requiring human intervention to fix it. While the tone and specific language changed over time, there remained a consistent emphasis that whatever was being reported about the river was scientifically accurate.
MORE THAN JUST A ROCK COLLECTION. THE METEORITE COLLECTION OF THE ITALIAN GEOLOGIST TEODORO MONTICELLI (1759–1845)
Authors: FRANZA ANNARITA , PETTI CARMELA , PRATESI GIOVANNI
Published: April 2021

This paper is focused on the meteorite collection that belonged to the Italian naturalist and geologist Teodoro Monticelli (1759–1845). Today he is mainly remembered as both the author of books and essays on the volcanic activity of Mount Vesuvius and as the owner of a mineralogical cabinet of more than 16,000 specimens. Monticelli’s scientific activity as a meteorite collector is, however, largely forgotten. This contribution presents for the first time the meteorite collection that belonged to Teodoro Monticelli and is now preserved at the Royal Mineralogical Museum of Naples. We reconstruct the history of the collection and argue that it represents an exceptional example of historical heritage. We also highlight the potential of the collection as a scientific research tool.
CLEMENTINE HELM BEYRICH (1825–1896), THE UNUSUAL CASE OF A WOMAN POPULARIZER OF THE GEOSCIENCES DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN CENTRAL EUROPE
Authors: MOHR BARBARA A. R.
Published: April 2021

During the nineteenth century the role of women was very much restricted. In the geosciences, women were not able to study and thus even less able to publish. Here the work of one female writer is presented who, due to her upbringing in an intellectual family with close connections to the most celebrated scientists in Prussia/Germany, such as Alexander von Humboldt, the mineralogist Christian Samuel Weiss, Ernst Haeckel and many others, was aware of scientific progress and the discussions of the times. Based on her unusual education by teachers and scientists and her intellectual abilities, and knowledge acquired through marriage to a well-established geoscientist, she wrote popular juvenile literature that included geological and palaeontological content. This scientific content was typically woven into fairy tales or novels for adolescent girls and served as a way to spread geoscientific knowledge to a large audience.
Practical Materialism” in Understanding Thinking: E.V. Ilyenkov and F.T. Mikhailov
Authors: Maidansky A.D.
Published: April 2021

F.T. Mikhailov called E.V. Ilyenkov ‘the first of us’ and was guided in his work on The Riddle of the Self by the dialectical logic Ilyenkov developed — the objective-oriented activity theory of thinking. The article explores the differences between the two editions of this book 'and discusses the concept of ‘practical’ materialism opposing ‘somatic’ materialism. The latter considers organic body, which is gifted to man by nature, to be the subject of activity. In practical materialism, objective activity (social labour) is treated as the substance whose ‘results and moments’, as Mikhailov puts it, are thought, bodily organization and everything specifically human altogether. Cultural objects form a ‘language of real life’, a special kind of symbol system that brings people together and guides their activities. In the study of this language, Mikhailov sees the key to solving the riddle of the human Self