bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defying the Odds
Authors: Iwai Yoshiko , Murillo Brizuela Keny O.
Published: May 2022

In 2016, it was reported that 30% of physicians were born outside the United States and 7% were non-U.S. citizens. A diverse physician workforce is associated with improved patient outcomes and may play a key role in addressing health disparities and provider burnout. Non-White and immigrant physicians often care for rural, non-English-speaking, underserved communities. Although Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) and international students comprise a small portion of medical students, they may play an important role in reducing health disparities and increasing diversity and geographical spread of practicing physicians. Despite diversity efforts across colleges and medical schools, DACA and international students who matriculate and train at U.S. medical schools continue to face significant barriers. The goal of this chapter is to fill gaps in knowledge, answer common questions, and provide recommendations for providing longitudinal support to international and DACA students applying to U.S. medical schools.
Myths, Expectations, and Hurdles
Authors: Jones Andrew , Ibewuike Alexandra , Kim Shelley , Ganjoo Rohini
Published: May 2022

With an increasing demand for healthcare jobs, there has been a corresponding surge in applications to medical schools. Typically, the advice extended to students is standardized rather than individually tailored to each applicant. The purpose of this chapter is to share resources and personal experiences regarding expectations, myths, and hurdles students may experience when applying to medical schools. The authors, pre-medical and medical students, along with their mentor, discuss how to manage both goal setting and failure as well as how to evaluate the process for application enhancement or reapplication. The intent is for pre-medical advisors to use this chapter as an ancillary resource to enhance the advisor-student relationship and leverage that relationship to improve the student's application.
Professionalizing Peace Leadership
Authors: Voigt Evelyn (Toni)
Published: May 2022

This chapter is about the world's first competency-based assessment method for accrediting peace professionals/leaders using Core Values and Key Competencies. Beginning with the rationale for peace professionalism as essential to peace leadership, it shows how Accreditation for Peace evolves, is endorsed by Johan Galtung, tested, and revised (certification mark now pending). While most challenging, the innovative values component makes the greatest contribution. The chapter ends with the key role peace leaders can play in moving humanity towards the global Culture of Peace endorsed by UN Resolution (ARES/53/243).
A Peaceful View of Leadership Studies
Authors: Irwin Nicholas , McIntyre Miller Whitney , Lotfi Negeen , Thomas Christopher , Zuwayed Omar W.
Published: May 2022

When considering the many theories and ideas of leadership, peace may not naturally emerge as a key, aligning principle. In fact, peace leadership has only recently come into the leadership lexicon. Utilizing a 2016 peace leadership literature review article by McIntyre Miller, this chapter sets out to identify some of the most prominent leadership theories and assess how each contains ideas and practices of peace leadership. The chapter introduces the reader to peace leadership and then aims to link these notions with those of leadership theory and practice, namely transformational leadership; authentic leadership; leader-member exchange theory; servant leadership; followership; distributive, shared, and collective leadership; and eco-leadership. The chapter concludes with a call to action for scholars and practitioners to come together so that peace leadership may join mainstream leadership theories.
Peace Leadership Education
Authors: Atwi Rabab , McIntyre Miller Whitney , Abdou Annmary S. , Alomair Miznah O. , Irwin Nicholas J. , Hilt Lisa , Lotfi Negeen , murray sylvia , Richmond Gabrielle
Published: May 2022

Peace education is a philosophy and practice that aims to equip learners with the skills and behaviors to enable them to become peaceful citizens capable of resolving the conflicts faced in their communities and beyond and working to establish a culture of peace through dismantling systems that contribute to prejudice, violence, and hatred. This chapter argues that peace education is an alternative to the culture of violence that dominates many societies around the world and provides a discussion of important authors and scholars. These notions of peace education are then explored through the stories of four peace leadership education endeavors. Utilizing integral peace leadership as a guiding frame, these educational endeavors explored the ways to create cultures of peace in communities and schools. The chapter concludes with a commitment to use integral peace leadership as a vehicle for promoting a more peaceful culture committed to social change and overcoming the hindrances to local and international peace.
Energising a River of Love by Braiding the Work of the Parliament of the World's Religions and the United Nations Through Management Education
Authors: Jamil Nazarina , Dey Kahurangi Jean , Humphries-Kil Maria
Published: May 2022

Global peace and universal justice are aspirations of the Parliament of the World's Religions and the United Nations. Depicted as a braided river, this chapter endorses enhanced dialogue between these two organisations and their impact on peace leadership through a critical focus on the Principles for Responsible Management Education, principles informed by the UN's Sustainable Development Goals sourced in the Global Compact. Currents of such dialogue flowing towards just and sustainable ways of being human are posited as energetic streams of universal peace. The chapter considers divine love as an energy to invigorate leadership for such peace in the context of management education. The chapter does not directly address those for whom spiritual considerations are meaningless except insomuch as differences in ways of being human, spirit[ed], or otherwise energised, must be reconciled if global peace based on universal justice is to be the outcome of individual and collective human activities.
Peace Leadership and Sport
Authors: Fowlie Frank , Pound Richard W. , McIssac Susan , Moses Phillip A. , Ramos-Horta Jose , Koo Richard , da Costa Calisto , Harvey Mary , Miro Pere
Published: May 2022

In this chapter, interviews have been conducted with global leaders in sport, peace, and human rights, including a Nobel Peace Winner who also serves as president of his nation, Olympians, the Dean of the International Olympic Committee, humanitarian and peace leaders, former United Nations officials, and sport leaders from within the Olympic movement. The principal author was interviewed by Brigadier General A. Philip Moses, a veteran of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET). The interviewees speak from intimate personal experience and observation – in both sport and peace. The chapter looks at peace leadership and civil society, peace leadership and the Olympic movement, and Timor Leste: nation building facilitated through sports peace leadership. The chapter closely examines the role of sport for development and the millennium development goals and sport in the quest for statehood.
Media Development Trends as a Counter for Terrorism in Ukraine
Authors: Lebedeva Nadezhda Anatolievna
Published: May 2022

The aim of the chapter is to examine the trends in the development of mass media as countering terrorism in Ukraine. The novelty of the research for the international scientific community lies in the description of Ukraine's experience in countering information terrorism. This chapter will be useful for theorists studying the manifestation of media terrorism in various countries, as a component of the European context of this problem. For Ukraine, information activities are only developing. The threat of terrorism is not an internal problem, but an external one, which is created by foreign states. Information terrorism has two types of influence. It is material and intellectual. Ukrainian media can resist both types of influence on society. Media terrorism of foreign countries is aimed at individuals. This chapter focuses on strengthening the communication component of antiterrorist activities, improving the information policy of the state, the inclusion of civil society and public television potential in the system of combating information media terrorism.
IS, Internet, and Terror
Authors: Lohlker Rüdiger
Published: May 2022

The chapter presents insights into the non-linear development of the Islamic State (IS) online. Starting with the pre-IS period of Jihadi online activities, the emergence of IS online is analyzed as a swarm-like process across the platforms of the internet supporting the cause of IS via videos, texts, audio, and graphic files. The organizational aspect of these activities is included in the analysis. The online presence of IS is shown as resilient, being able to reconfigure its activities when needed. A coordinated effort of a non-hegemonic network is needed to confront the flexible online activities of IS built on evidence-based research, using multi-lingual sources, understanding the theological framework of IS and the internet.
Healthcare Management Intricacy, Governance, and Strategic Plan During the COVID-19 Pandemic (With Special Reference to India)
Authors: Bhanot Astha , Qureshi Naila Iqbal
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has left the healthcare sector with a slew of problems, including a lack of capacity, supply restrictions, the need for service reform, and financial losses. According to complexity, healthcare delivery organizations are complex adaptive systems that function in extremely complicated and unpredictable situations. Many healthcare organizations suffered ambiguity and inconsistency that was not under control as per requirements. In this chapter, the authors look at an effective management system in the face of COVID-19. In order to tackle the pandemic, Word Health Organization (WHO) is bringing together scientists and health experts from all across the world to speed research and development. The governmental and private sectors in India are viewed as cooperating. Private Indian healthcare organizations stepped up and have been providing everything it requires, including testing, treatment isolation beds, medical professionals, and equipment to the government.
A Survey on Behavioral Change During the COVID-19 Outbreak in India
Authors: Rizvi Tanu , Bhonsle Devanand , Rahangdale Roshni , Bagga Jaspal
Published: May 2022

This study describes the immediate and long-term effects in behavioral and psychological symptoms due to COVID-19. To handle the situation, the Indian government tried in various levels lockdown, scanning of the patients, social distancing, compulsorily wearing the mask, vaccination, quarantine centers, etc., but in the long-term, all these activities affected social and physiological status. In extreme cases, people suffer from depression, which can be characterized by various factors like tiredness, poor sleep, pessimism, guilt, hopelessness, lack of confidence, low mood, gradual reduction in work output, loss of appetite, feeling helpless, loneliness, etc.
Survey of Recent Studies on Healthcare Technologies and Computational Intelligence Approaches and Their Applications
Authors: Sahu Lokesh Kumar , Vyas Prafulla Kumar , Soni Vaishali , Deshpande Anjali
Published: May 2022

Digitized healthcare technologies provide healthcare enhancements in the field of medical digital technologies and they also provide better accessibility. The research study indicates that digital healthcare is combining or involving more than one academic discipline like biology science, cognitive science, medical science, biochemistry neuroscience, etc. The complete healthcare technologies are based on computational intelligence, artificial intelligence, etc. This chapter gives an overview of the current and future of healthcare technologies and up-to-date research in the area of digital healthcare intelligence. For artificial intelligence or computational intelligence, healthcare is one of the most promising application areas. This review highlights all about applications of artificial intelligence, telemedicine, blockchain technologies, the internet of things, and big data for solving the problems in medical education and healthcare technologies.
Rapid Assessment Survey Using Side Scan Sonar: International Obligations and Role of Hydrography in Ensuring Safety of Navigation – Case Study of the Aftermath of MV X- Press Pearl Incident
Authors: Perera A. N. D , Gunathilaka M. D. E. K.
Published: May 2022

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN). They provide international standards on the safety, security, and environmental performance of ships involved in international trade. International shipping is effective only if the regulations and standards are agreed upon, adopted and implemented on an international basis. IMO Instruments Implementation Code (III code) is one such attempt where it looks into states’ capacities of implementing obligations. Here, we present in what way the hydrographic rapid assessment survey support the above obligation of ensuring safety of navigation for ships visiting Colombo Port in the aftermath of MV X-Press Pearl accident in West coast of Sri Lanka. The comprehensive Side Scan Sonar (SSS) survey that was conducted over the area found some of the fallen containers and debris lying on the seabed. Due to the extent and the nature of the incident, and due to the ocean current dynamics, a larger area had to be investigated and a number of relevant agencies in the maritime field were involved. As a country, the responsible authorities have taken timely actions to disseminate the safety related information to the mariners and subsequent measures were taken to update the relevant nautical charts by conducting necessary systematic hydrographic surveys to fulfill the obligations of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea ( SOLAS) of IMO.
SLJID reviewers and proofreaders 2021 (January - December)
Authors: Thevanesam Vasanthi
Published: May 2022

N/A
Profound Defect of Amphiregulin Secretion by Regulatory T Cells in the Gut of HIV-Treated Patients
Authors: Tariq Mubashira , Gallien Sébastien , Surenaud Mathieu , Wiedemann Aurélie , Jean-Louis Francette , Lacabaratz Christine , Lopez Zaragoza José Luis , Zeitoun Jean-David , Ysmail-Dalhouk Saliha , Lelièvre Jean-Daniel , Lévy Yves , Hüe Sophie
Published: May 2022

The persistence of a leaky gut in HIV-treated patients leads to chronic inflammation with increased rates of cardiovascular, liver, kidney, and neurological diseases. Tissue regulatory T (tTreg) cells are involved in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and wound repair through the IL-33 pathway. In this study, we investigated whether the persistence of gut mucosal injury during HIV infection might be explained in part by a flaw in the mechanisms involved in tissue repair. We observed an increased level of IL-33 in the gut of HIV-infected patients, which is associated with an increased level of fibrosis and a low peripheral reconstitution of CD4+ T cells. Our results showed that intestinal Treg cells from HIV-infected patients were enriched in tTreg cells prone to support tissue repair. However, we observed a functional defect in tTreg cells caused by the lack of amphiregulin secretion, which could contribute to the maintenance of intestinal damage. Our data suggest a mechanism by which the lack of amphiregulin secretion by tTreg may contribute to the lack of repair of the epithelial barrier.
Analysis of Complement Gene Expression, Clinical Associations, and Biodistribution of Complement Proteins in the Synovium of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Reveals Unique Pathophysiologic Features
Authors: Banda Nirmal K , Deane Kevin D , Bemis Elizabeth A , Strickland Colin , Seifert Jennifer , Jordan Kimberly , Goldman Katriona , Morgan B Paul , Moreland Larry W , Lewis Myles J , Pitzalis Costantino , Holers V Michael
Published: May 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia and inflammation. The finding of autoantibodies in seropositive RA suggests that complement system activation might play a pathophysiologic role due to the local presence of immune complexes in the joints. Our first objective was to explore the Pathobiology of Early Arthritis Cohort (PEAC) mRNA sequencing data for correlations between clinical disease severity as measured by DAS28-ESR (disease activity score in 28 joints for erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and complement system gene expression, both in the synovium and in blood. Our second objective was to determine the biodistribution using multiplex immunohistochemical staining of specific complement activation proteins and inhibitors from subjects in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP) RA/SLE study. In the PEAC study, there were significant positive correlations between specific complement gene mRNA expression levels in the synovium and DAS28-ESR for the following complement genes: C2, FCN1, FCN3, CFB, CFP, C3AR1, C5AR1, and CR1. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between DAS28-ESR and Colec12, C5, C6, MASP-1, CFH, and MCP. In the synovium there were also significant positive correlations between DAS28-ESR and FcγR1A, FcγR1B, FcγR2A, and FcγR3A. Notably, CFHR4 synovial expression was positively correlated following treatment with the DAS28-ESR at 6 mo, suggesting a role in worse therapeutic responses. The inverse correlation of C5 RNA expression in the synovium may underlie the failure of significant benefit from C5/C5aR inhibitors in clinical trials performed in patients with RA. Multiplex immunohistochemical analyses of early RA synovium reveal significant evidence of regional alterations of activation and inhibitory factors that likely promote local complement activation.
The night of randomized clinical trials where all patients are black: a need to estimate variability in treatment effects
Authors: De Gaetano Giovanni , Cerletti Chiara , Iacoviello Licia , Donati Maria Benedetta
Published: May 2022

In the Sixties, the few anti-thrombotic drugs available were administered following several criteria including tradition of the “School”, preference of the doctor in charge, pressure of pharmaceutical companies [...]
Gene transfer in hemophilia A: not cogent yet
Authors: Mannucci Pier Mannuccio
Published: May 2022

The phase 3 clinical study of gene transfer in hemophilia A using the BioMarin vector AAV5-hFVIII-SQ (also identified as valoctocogene roxaparvovec) recently reported the results obtained in as many as 134 adult men with severe hemophilia A, so that it is at the moment the largest gene transfer study ever conducted in a rare monogenic disorder [...].
Seasonal changes in the expression of PACAP, VPAC1, VPAC2, PAC1 and testicular activity in the testis of the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus)
Authors: Tang Zeqi , Yuan Xiaojie , Bai Yuming , Guo Yiming , Zhang Haolin , Han Yingying , Yuan Zhengrong , Weng Qiang
Published: May 2022

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) plays an important role in the steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in the testis through its receptors PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2. In this study, we investigated the seasonal expressions of PACAP, PAC1, VPAC1, VPAC2, luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and CYP17A1 in the testis of the male muskrat during the breeding season and the non-breeding season. Histologically, we found the presence of Leydig cells, Sertoli cells and all kinds of germ cells in the testis during the breeding season but only Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and primary spermatocyte during the non-breeding season. The immunohistochemical localizations of PACAP and VPAC1 were identified in the Leydig cells, spermatogonia and spermatozoa during the breeding season while only in Leydig cells and spermatogonia during the non-breeding season, and PAC1 and VPAC2 were localized in the Leydig cells in both seasons, in which LHR, StAR, 3β-HSD and CYP17A1 were also expressed. Meanwhile, protein and mRNA expression levels of PACAP, PAC1, VPAC1, VPAC2, LHR, FSHR, StAR, 3β-HSD and CYP17A1 in the testis during the breeding season were significantly higher than those during the non-breeding season. These results suggested that PACAP may involve in the regulation of, steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis via an endocrine, autocrine or paracrine manner in the testis of the muskrat.
Salivary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low level laser therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planning
Authors: Pulivarthi Praneetha , Chava Vijay Kumar , Gunupati Sumanth
Published: May 2022

Context:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and diabetes. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy was shown to reduce inflammation and improves glycemic status. Recently, adjunctive low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been shown to alter the inflammatory process.

Aim:

To evaluate and compare the alteration in TNF-α levels before and after treatment in patients with periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Settings and Design:

Randomised clinico-biochemical study was carried out for 8 weeks from September 2019 to December 2020.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-four participants were divided into Groups A (periodontitis) and B (periodontitis associated with T2DM), based on probing depth ≥5 mm, clinical attachment level ≥2 mm, and history of T2DM. Later were subdivided into A1, A2, B1, B2, based on assigned treatments. Clinical periodontal parameters and salivary TNF-α levels were evaluated and compared at baseline to 8 weeks.

Statistical Analysis:

Multiple group comparisons were done using analysis of variance, intra group comparisons were made using t-tests.

Results:

Comparison of periodontal parameters and salivary TNF-α levels from baseline to 8 weeks showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in all groups, indicating a positive effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) and adjunctive LLLT.

Conclusion:

Both SRP and SRP with adjunctive LLLT effectively altered TNF-α levels, correlating reduced periodontal inflammation.
Platelet rich fibrin in combination with bioabsorbable guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane and GTR membrane alone using double lateral sliding bridge flap for treatment of multiple gingival recession defects in humans
Authors: Sethiya Kiran Rajesh , Dhadse Prasad , Bajaj Pavan , Durge Khushboo , Subhadarsanee Chitrika , Hassan Safiya
Published: May 2022

Background:

Marginal tissue recession is a frequent clinical scenario that creates substantial compromise in esthetic appearance of the patient. The current randomized, double-blind interventional trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of “platelet rich fibrin (PRF)” membrane with bioresorbable guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane as compared to GTR membrane alone utilizing “double lateral sliding bridge flap (DLSBF) technique” for the management of simultaneous GR defects in human subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty subjects were randomly allotted in two groups: Group 1 (test): 10 subjects treated with PRF + GTR membrane using DLSBF technique and Group 2 (control): 10 subjects treated with GTR membrane alone using DLSBF technique. Clinical measurements such as relative gingival marginal level, “relative clinical attachment level (R-CAL),” “probing pocket depth (PPD),” “gingival recession (GR),” and “width of keratinized gingiva (WKG) and gingival thickness (GT)” were evaluated at the initiation of the study and 6 months thereafter.

Results:

Two groups showed statistically significant differences with respect to probing depth reduction, CAL gain, and increase in WKG and GT. No significant result was observed with mean root coverage (RC) and complete RC for test (84.80% ± 19.53% and 54.99% ± 38.53%) and control group (75.69% ± 18.86% and 35.83% ± 39.29%), respectively.

Conclusions:

The combination of PRF membrane used along with GTR membrane provides no additional benefits over GTR membrane alone. However, the DLSBF technique convincingly shows simultaneous elimination of multiple problems associated with GR, shallow vestibule, hypersensitivity, and aberrant frenum pull in a single stage with meticulous performance.
The Cause of Vasomotor Symptoms
Authors: Uohashi Keiko
Published: May 2022

This paper describes the probable cause of vasomotor symptoms during climacterics and before menstruation/ovulation. We propose that sex hormones imbalance changes the elasticity, resonance frequencies, and resonance peaks of vascular beds primarily in the uterus/intestines. It is also explained that vasomotor symptoms occur in the locations which resonate blood flow from the uterus/intestines for the above reason.
Evaluation of Stress Score and Correlation of Stress Score with Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Serum Cortisol Levels among Health Care Workers in DCH and DCHC Hospitals during Covid-19 Duty
Authors: Wasnik Sanjay , Hundekari Jagdish , Mittal Rahul , Kot Lokendra S.
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

In the basic setting of the Coronavirus pandemic, medical care workers are at the forefront, participating directly in the consideration, determination, and therapy of patients with Coronavirus from the last two years. This exposes them to a higher danger of creating ongoing pressure, mental misery, and some other psychological wellness side effects.

Objective:

To evaluate stress, serum cortisol level, and blood pressure in a health workers population and, in addition, to measure serum cortisol concentration as a current biomarker of stress.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty health workers (22 men & 38 women) from Dedicated Covid Hospital and Dedicated Covid health Centre were included in this study. In these participants, after obtaining the data of socio-demography and perceived stress, serum cortisol was measured by automated chemiluminescent method. This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study. The studied population was divided into two groups: Group A (workers in direct contact with Covid patients) and Group B (workers not in direct contact with patients). Stress scores, serum morning cortisol levels, systolic and diastolic BP and heart rate of all the participants were measured and compared with controls using a Student's t-test. Stress scores of HCW in direct contact with patients were correlated with heart rate, systolic and diastolic BP, and serum morning cortisol levels and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) were calculated.

Results:

Stress scores are significantly increased whereas serum morning cortisol levels, heart rate and systolic and diastolic BP were non-significantly increased in Group A as compared with controls that is, Group B (P < 0.05). Stress scores of HCW in direct contact with patients were found to correlate strongly with serum morning cortisol levels, heart rate and systolic and diastolic BP with r values 0.397 (P < 0.0001), 0.322 (P < 0.001), 0.717 (P < 0.001), and 0.810 (P < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusion:

Stress scores were elevated in HCW in direct contact with patients and were strongly correlated with serum cortisol levels, heart rate, and BP. It is the responsibility of the health authorities to implement strategies to manage this psychological stress.
The prevalence and factors affecting the use of contraceptive methods among Saudi women in Sabya, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elamin Hind Abdallah Modawi , Gadir Iman Khalifa Abdel , Alhazmi Mashael Hassan Ahmad , Owisi Najla Hassan
Published: May 2022

Context:

The socioeconomic changes in the Saudi community with an increase in women's education and employment resulted in changes in the concept of birth spacing and contraceptives use.

Aims:

The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of contraception usage among Saudi women in Sabya City in Jazan, as well as the socioeconomic, demographic, and reproductive variables that impact contraception use.

Settings and Design:

This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted between January and October 2020.

Subjects and Methods:

Data were collected by direct interview of 220 Saudi married women at reproductive age, during their routine visit to primary care centers in Sabya City_Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A Chi-squared test was performed to evaluate the factors associated with contraceptive use. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The prevalence of contraceptive use was 75%. Pills were the most used method, most of the users obtain their contraceptives from the Pharmacy. The majority of participants (84%) had poor knowledge regarding contraceptive methods, however, the acceptance rate for using contraception was high (82.3%). History of having an abnormal child and experience of unintended pregnancy were the only factors significantly associated with the use of contraceptives, all the investigated sociodemographic factors were not significantly associated with contraceptive use. The most important reason for not using contraception was the husband's disagreement.

Conclusions:

This study revealed that a high percentage of Saudi women in the Jazan region are using contraceptives, though their knowledge is poor. This indicates the need for greater efforts to improve the quality of family planning services in the region.
The role of emergency medical services providers during mass gathering
Authors: Al-Shareef Ali S. , Al-Thaqafy Majid S. , Almalki Ahmed A. , Alwael Sarah S. , Almetairi Areej M. , Najmuldeen Rana F. , Shirah Bader Hamza , Alsulami Maher A.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Mass gatherings are worldwide events, and the Hajj season is considered one of the significant mass gathering events that happen annually in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. Medical preparation such as preparation for transportation, training, and medical staffing for mass gatherings at existing sites has been discussed.

Aims:

This study aimed to assess the role of emergency medical services (EMS) providers during Hajj Season 2019 and the preparedness of the EMS system through providers' perspectives.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire has been conducted in Makkah during the Hajj season 2019, which took place in Mena valley and Arafat.

Methods:

Convenience sampling from two major institutions (the Saudi Red Crescent and the National Guards Hospital, EMS Department) was used. The inclusion criteria included emergency medical specialists and emergency medical technicians.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data were analyzed using JMP. Data for continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation if normally distributed, otherwise median and interquartile range were used. Data for the categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages.

Results:

The majority of EMS providers were male in gender and almost half of them were emergency medical technicians with a diploma qualification. Most of them had specific training before Hajj such as basic life support. However, the majority reported the use of medications during transport and training are areas that require improvement. During Hajj, the majority of the EMS providers do ambulance decontamination. Busy shifts and lack of workforce were the main reasons for working more than 12 h per shift.

Conclusions:

This study offers important recommendations for improving the EMS system's preparedness during Hajj, which include more workforce coverage as well as improved providers' qualifications and level of training. Furthermore, this study provides a recommendation to change the scope of practice to treat and release in the majority of cases rather than unnecessarily transport to the hospital. This study urges the importance of collaboration between agencies to facilitate the EMS system.
Pemberdayaan Karyawan Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Pada PT Rotella Persada Mandiri Lubuk Pakam
Authors: Lestari Dewi Kartika , Horia Siregar
Published: May 2022

This research aims to determine the influence of Employee Empowerment toward Employee Satisfaction at PT. Rotella Persada Mandiri Lubuk Pakam. The type of this research was quantitative research. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Rotella Persada Mandiri Lubuk Pakam with 45 employees and a saturation sampling was applied in this study with 45 employees. The data is processed with SPSS 20.0 for windows program. The data analysis technique  was a simple Linear Regression, with the formula Y = a+bX+e. A simple linear regression test result obtained was equation Y = 19,532 + 0.546 X + e, it means the employee empowerment has a significant influence on employee job satisfaction. The results of the t hypothesis test obtained that the value of tobserved > ttable = 4,215 > 2,017. Therefore, the value of tobserved was greater than the ttable hence the hypothesis was accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the hypothesis stating variable (X) has been proven or in other words there is a significant influence between variable (X) to variable (Y). And based on the determination coefficient test (KD) or R Square (R2) then it can be known that the value of R Square is 0.292 or with a percentage of 29.2 % while the remaining 70.8% is influenced by other variables that are not studied by researchers.
Features of Geological Structure and Mineragenic Specialization of Sheikhdzheyli-Zengiboba of the Sultan-Uvais Ridge Area
Authors:   Master, University of Geological Sciences Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khodjaeva Mukaddaskhon Khabibkhon kizi
Published: May 2022

The productive mineralization of the Sheikhdzheili-Zengiboba area is associated with metamorphogenic transformations of the rocks of the Urusai, Karauzyak, Kuyanchik, Sheikhdzheili suites, metamorphosed under conditions of green schist facies. The mineralized zones of the site are confined to narrow faults in the tectonic zones of the northeast and northwest directions. The main form of manifestation of gold-bearing mineralization is small steeply dipping veins, lenses, nests, non-extended systems of conformal and secant quartz veinlets containing dissemination of pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, which are represented by gold-arsenopyrite-pyrite, gold-arsenopyrite-chalcopyrite-pyrite natural type of ores.
DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN LABORATORIO DE QUÍMICA EN LA CARRERA DE AGROINDUSTRIAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE SANTIAGO DE GUAYAQUIL
Authors: Moreno-Veloz Ema Nofret , Álvarez-Castro Fátima Patricia
Published: May 2022

La educación superior se ha basado casi exclusivamente en la recopilación de información teórico-práctico o en prácticas de verificación de información conocida, lo cual ha limitado el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas, en los estudiantes de la Carrera de Ingeniería  Agroindustrial de la Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, en la caracterización física y química de la materia prima animal, vegetal, productos y subproductos agroindustriales. Por lo que se propuso un proyecto de investigación no experimental con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se  evaluó la pertinencia del componente práctico de las materias de Química para  establecer el tipo de prácticas de laboratorio requeridas así como el diseño de un laboratorio con el equipamiento necesario. Se aplicaron encuestas, entrevistas, análisis de documentos, test, en estudiantes de años anteriores y actuales de las materias relacionadas con química, así como a especialistas en el tema.  Luego, se analizó la variable independiente referente al componente práctico, y la dependiente a las habilidades y destrezas de los estudiantes, con lo cual, se generó una base de datos con Microsoft Excel, para determinar porcentualmente los resultados. Se evidenció que sólo el 7.30% del total de horas curriculares están relacionadas con aplicaciones prácticas; en los syllabus no se programan horas prácticas, y  los estudiantes no poseen habilidades y destrezas en el manejo de equipos, materiales de laboratorio y reactivos químicos. Por lo que, se concluye que la falta de un Laboratorio de Química y medios de enseñanza necesarios impide a los estudiantes ser competitivos en el mercado laboral.
Effect of pearl millet based intercropping systems on yield and economics of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.]
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125001 (Haryana)
Published: May 2022

The field experiment was carried out during kharif season of 2019 at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to study the effect of different intercropping systems of pearl millet with legumes and oilseed on yield and economics of pearl millet. The eleven treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The performance of sole pearl millet hybrid HHB 299 at 45 cm row spacing proved the best in terms of grain (48.83 q ha-1) and stover (100.11 q ha-1) yield and yield attributing traits. It was comparable to sole pearl millet in paired row and pearl millet + green gram (2:1). Among intercropping systems, maximum values of yield attributes of pearl millet were obtained in pearl millet + green gram (2:2) and maximum pearl millet yield (44.68 q ha-1) was in pearl millet + green gram (2:1). Pearl millet equivalent yield (PEY) and net returns of pearl millet-green gram in 2:1 row ratio was found superior than all the sole and intercropping treatments. The highest benefit-cost ratio was recorded under sole pearl millet crop (2.84) followed by intercropping of pearl millet with green gram in 2:1 row ratio (2.77).
Evaluation of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] hybrids for growth, yield attributes and yield
Authors:   Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh-284003, OLA ARJUN LAL
Published: May 2022

The present experiment was carried out at RLBCAU, Jhansi with okra hybrids during summer season of 2020 to evaluate the performance of okra hybrids for growth and yield. Fourteen okra hybrids were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The results revealed that 50 % seed germination was observed in hybrid NS-7772. The highest plant height (133.7cm) was recorded in hybrid Somaya, while, highest number of nodes per plant (27.4) was observed in NOH-05. The minimum length of node (3.27cm) was noticed in SW 001.The maximum number of primary branches per plant (3.73) was noticed in hybrid NOH-1053. On the basis of yield attributes, the maximum pod length (12.4 cm), 10 pod weight (160.7g), yield per plant (461.2g) and yield (17.08 t ha-1) were observed in hybrid NS 7772.
Performance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes for growth, yield and quality
Authors:   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Vidya Vihar, Rae Bareli Road Lucknow-226025 (U.P.), KUMAR RAJEEV
Published: May 2022

The experiment was carried out at B.B.A. University, Lucknow (UP), India during rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to study the performance of tomato genotypes for growth and yield. The twenty genotypes were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. Among the genotypes, Pusa Sadabahar proved superior for growth and yield contributing characters i.e. plant height (30.9 cm), number of branches per plant (7.0), number of cluster per plant (20.4), number of flower per cluster (9.8), number of fruits per cluster (5.0), number of fruits per plant (18.3), average fruit weight (53.0 g), fruit yield per plant (974.8 g), fruit yield (15.1 kg/plot) and fruit yield (36.1 t ha-1), followed by Selection -7. On the other hand, minimum values of these parameters were recorded in Toleu-32, I e plant height (25.1cm), number of branches per plant (4.5), number of cluster per plant (5.4), number of flower per cluster (5.6), number of fruits per cluster (3.1), average fruit weight (41.9 g), fruit yield per plant (550.8 g), fruit yield (8.8 kg/plot) and fruit yield (20.4 t ha-1). The genotype Toleu-32 was significantly superior for days to 50 % flowering (41.9). The accession H-86 was found to be superior for TSS (5.4 0Brix). The check variety VRT-50 was found to be superior for vitamin C (27.7mg) followed by TLCV-16.
Effect of long term integrated nutrient management practices on yield and nutrient uptake by finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) in an acidic Inceptisols
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India, SWAIN PUJA
Published: May 2022

The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of long term integrated nutrient management practices on yield and nutrient uptake by Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) in an acidic Inceptisols. Experiment was carried out in RBD with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The test crop used was finger millet, cv Arjuna and was the 26th crop in a cereal-vegetable-pulse cropping system. The soil was initially acidic (pH 5.14) in reaction and in general poor in nutrient status. Significantly higher plant height (191 cm) was recorded with (Soil test dose + FYM +Lime + Biofertilizers) whereas the lowest value was recorded with control (115 cm) after 90 days of transplanting. The total biomass production varied significantly between 3.1 and 8.3 t ha-1, lowest with control and highest with all integrated package of practices (Soil test dose + Vermicompost + Lime + Biofertilizers). It followed the trend: Soil test dose < Soil test dose + Vermicompost < Soil test dose + FYM < Soil test dose + Vermicompost + Biofertilizers < Soil test dose + FYM + Biofertilizers < Soil test dose + Vermicompost + Lime + Biofertilizers < Soil test dose + FYM + Lime + Biofertilizers. Among the treatments, total nutrient uptake by finger millet was recorded lowest in control and highest in treatment (Soil test dose + FYM + Lime + Biofertilizers). The use of FYM or vermicompost did not differ significantly in respect of yield and nutrient uptake.
Dissection of genetic parameters for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding under thermal stress conditions
Authors:   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura,  Jaipur-302018, BHARDWAJ RAHUL
Published: May 2022

The present experiment was conducted using wheat crop during Rabi 2015-16. Study consisted ten wheat varieties, their 45 F1’s (Excluding reciprocals) and F2’s. These generations were evaluated during Rabi 2015-16 in two thermal stress environments along with their parental genotypes following randomized block design at Agricultural Research Farm of RARI, Durgapura (Rajasthan). These Environments were created through late and very late sowing as temperature increases at the time of maturity creates stress. Significance of genetic parameters revealed the influence of both types of gene action while the predictability ratio depicted prevalence of non-additive gene action. Comprehensive evaluation of all genetic parameters viz. per se performance, GCA, SCA, heterosis and heterobeltiosis exhibited that parental genotype Raj 3777, Raj 4037 and Raj 4083 and F1’s WH 1021 × Raj 3777, WH 1021 × Raj 4120, Raj 4083 × PBW 550 and Raj 4037 × Raj 4238 were advantageous. These crosses could be able to throw potential transgressive segregants in later generations. It is advocated that these crosses might be incorporate in multiple crossing programme following diallel selective mating or bi-parental mating followed by selection. To utilize non-additive variance, systematic breeding programme for the targeted environment are required for further tangible advancement in wheat yield. Conclusively, it has been advocated that reciprocal recurrent selection, diallel selective mating, bi-parental mating and multiple cross could be productive breeding approaches for developing thermal stress tolerant genotypes from this potent breeding material.
Effect of sources of biochar on soil biological properties in an acidic Alfisols
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India, M MANASI
Published: May 2022

From the present study it may be concluded that application of different sources of biochar showed a positive response towards the microbial activity in soil. Application of maize cob biochar had stimulating effect on soil bacterial and actinomycetes population. It also stimulated the dehydrogenase enzyme activity in soil. In contrast, the fungal population in soil was decreased by applying different sources of biochar. The incubation period had both stimulating and inhibiting effect on soil biological properties.
Ostracoda assemblage and the environmental characteristics of the Eocene Succession of the Central Sakarya Region
Authors: Safak Umit , Ocakoglu Faruk , Acikalin Sanem
Published: May 2022

The ostracod faunas of six middle to late Eocene sections in the Central Sakarya Region were studied with the aim to describe the palaeoenvironmental changes occurred in the area and the age of the Halidiye Formation. This study based on theOstracoda faunawas carried out for the first time in the region and a comparison between theOstracoda species identified in this study and the data obtained by other previous work carried out in central Europe and Turkey indicated a middle to late Eocene age for the formation. Within the Halidiye Formation, 35 species of Ostracoda belonging to 31 genera were observed, among which, the followings are the more relevant for chronostratigraphic purposes: Cytherella jonesiana (Bosquet), Bairdia cymbulaDeltel, B. crebraDeltel, Neocyprideis williamsoniana (Bosquet), Cuneocythere (Monsmirabilia) triebeli (Keij), Schuleridea perforata (Roemer), Hemicyprideis montosa (Jones ve Sherborn), Cladarocythere apostolescui (Margerie), Krithe parvula Deltel, K. angusta Deltel, K. caudata Van Den Bold, K. rutoti Keij, Trachyleberis aculeata modesta Van Hinte, Pterygocythereis aquitanica Ducasse, Nucleolina multicostata (Deltel), Leguminocythereis genappensis Keij, Grinioneis alata Ducasse, G. paijenborchiana Keij, Quadracythere persica Tambareau, Caudites orientalis Sönmez-Gökçen, Loxoconcha subovata (Muenster), Monoceratina striata Deltel, Uroleberis globosa Ducasse, Paracypris contracta (Jones), Cyprinotus sp., and Heterocypris sp. Based on the lithological properties and environmental indicators, the Halidiye Formation reflects characteristics of transitional lagoonal to deep marine settings. Among the Ostracoda identified hereby, Cyprinotus and Heterocypris indicate freshwater, Cladarocythere, Neocyprideis, and Loxoconcha indicate lagoonal, Leptocythere, Cytheromorpha, and Cyamocytheridea indicate lagoonallittoral, Hermanites, Quadracythere, and Uroleberis indicate epineritic, Monsmirabilia, Schuleridea, and Caudites indicate epineritic-infraneritic, Paracypris indicates infraneritic, Cytherella, Bairdia, and Cytheropteron indicate epineritic-bathyal, and, finally, Krithe and Macrocypris indicate infraneritic-bathyal environmental conditions.