bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of mobile phone use on motor variability patterns during gait
Authors: Sarvestan Javad , Aghaie Ataabadi Peyman , Svoboda Zdeněk , Alaei Fatemeh , Graham Ryan B.
Published: April 2022

Mobile phone use affects the dynamics of gait by impairing visual control of the surrounding environment and introducing additional cognitive demands. Although it has been shown that using a mobile phone alters whole-body dynamic stability, no clear information exists on its impacts on motor variability during gait. This study aimed at assessing the impacts of various types of mobile phone use on motor variability during gait; quantified using the short- and long-term Lyapunov Exponent (λS and λL) of lower limb joint angles and muscle activation patterns, as well as the centre of mass position. Fourteen females and Fifteen males (27.72 ± 4.61 years, body mass: 70.24 ± 14.13 Kg, height: 173.31 ± 10.97 cm) walked on a treadmill under six conditions: normal walking, normal walking in low-light, walking while looking at the phone, walking while looking at the phone in low-light, walking and talking on the phone, and walking and listening to music. Variability of the hip (p λS = .015, λL = .043) and pelvis (p λS = .039, λL = .017) joint sagittal angles significantly increased when the participants walked and looked at the phone, either in normal or in low-light conditions. No significant difference was observed in the variability of the centre of mass position and muscle activation patterns. When individuals walk and look at the phone screen, the hip and knee joints are constantly trying to adopt a new angle to regulate and maintain gait stability, which might put an additional strain on the neuromuscular system. To this end, it is recommended not to look at the mobile phone screen while walking, particularly in public places with higher risks of falls.
The relationship between presenteeism, quality of life and social support in higher education professionals: A cross-sectional path analysis
Authors: Magalhães Sónia , Barbosa Joselina , Borges Elisabete
Published: April 2022

Presenteeism is the practice of being present at workplace, but not being able to carry out all the tasks due to health problems. Social support globally associated with health and wellbeing might positively influence presenteeism and consequently, the quality of life of these professionals. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between presenteeism, quality of life and social support in the work of non-teaching and non-research professionals within the context of higher education. A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which sociodemographic data were collected and the Portuguese versions of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) (which includes the dimensions work-completed and distraction avoided) and Quality of Life Index (EUROSHIS-QOL-8) and the subscales of Supervisor’s Social Support and Peers’ Social Support of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) were used. The questionnaire was applied online, and 322 professionals from a public university higher education institution in Northern Portugal participated in the study. Presenteeism was reported by 97 (30.1%) professionals. The peers’ social support was positively associated with quality of life. The supervisor’s social support was positively associated with distraction avoided and work completed and positively indirectly associated with quality of life, and the association was mediated by distraction avoided. We conclude that implementing strategies that can promote social support in the work context, namely strengthening networks between colleagues and competent and well-trained supervisors may prevent or reduce presenteeism in higher education professionals, as well as, provide a better quality of life.
Th17 cell plasticity towards a T-bet-dependent Th1 phenotype is required for bacterial control in Staphylococcus aureus infection
Authors: Bartsch Patricia , Kilian Christoph , Hellmig Malte , Paust Hans-Joachim , Borchers Alina , Sivayoganathan Amirrtavarshni , Enk Leon , Zhao Yu , Shaikh Nikhat , Büttner Henning , Wong Milagros N. , Puelles Victor G. , Wiech Thorsten , Flavell Richard , Huber Tobias B. , Turner Jan-Eric , Bonn Stefan , Huber Samuel , Gagliani Nicola , Mittrücker Hans-Willi , Rohde Holger , Panzer Ulf , Krebs Christian F.
Published: April 2022

Staphylococcus aureus is frequently detected in patients with sepsis and thus represents a major health burden worldwide. CD4+ T helper cells are involved in the immune response to S. aureus by supporting antibody production and phagocytosis. In particular, Th1 and Th17 cells secreting IFN-γ and IL-17A, are involved in the control of systemic S. aureus infections in humans and mice.

To investigate the role of T cells in severe S. aureus infections, we established a mouse sepsis model in which the kidney was identified to be the organ with the highest bacterial load and abundance of Th17 cells. In this model, IL-17A but not IFN-γ was required for bacterial control. Using Il17aCre × R26YFP mice we could show that Th17 fate cells produce Th17 and Th1 cytokines, indicating a high degree of Th17 cell plasticity. Single cell RNA-sequencing of renal Th17 fate cells uncovered their heterogeneity and identified a cluster with a Th1 expression profile within the Th17 cell population, which was absent in mice with T-bet/Tbx21-deficiency in Th17 cells (Il17aCre x R26eYFP x Tbx21-flox). Blocking Th17 to Th1 transdifferentiation in Th17 fate cells in these mice resulted in increased S. aureus tissue loads.

In summary, we highlight the impact of Th17 cells in controlling systemic S. aureus infections and show that T-bet expression by Th17 cells is required for bacterial clearance. While targeting the Th17 cell immune response is an important therapeutic option in autoimmunity, silencing Th17 cells might have detrimental effects in bacterial infections.
Armed conflict and the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance: The situation in war-ravaged Afghanistan
Authors: Ahmadzai Mohammad Aman , Shinwari Qiamudin , Al-Rasheed Agharid A. , Garba Bashiru
Published: April 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) constitutes a serious impediment to the attainment of the World Health Organization's Sustainable Development Goals, which seek to ensure and promote healthy living among humans and animals. Studies have identified the vulnerability of conflict-affected populations to exposure to antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Resource-limited countries like Afghanistan have suffered for long periods from armed conflicts, and this situation is exacerbated by the already poor or dilapidated healthcare delivery services. The country has suffered human and economic losses due to antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections driven by the prolonged war, as well as a limited number of antimicrobials and frequent under dosage. Most reports point to the overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics as the main reason for building up resistant strains. There is a need for more efforts toward identifying the major contributors and enlightening the public on the importance of AMR. This review aimed to provide a critical appraisal regarding the current situation of AMR in Afghanistan.
Growth and development in an extremely low birth weight infant with osteopenia of prematurity: a case report
Authors: Armenda Syifa , Wibowo Tunjung , Sitaresmi Mei Neni
Published: April 2022

Caring for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants remains a challenge in developing countries due to high morbidity and mortality rates. In Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, the ELBW survival rate was 39.3%.1 Expected outcomes of these ELBW survivors are increased risk of mortality during the infant period and short term as well as long term complications.2 Osteopenia of prematurity is a comorbidity that can interfere with longterm growth and neurodevelopment.3

Osteopenia of prematurity is found in approximately 55% of babies with ELBW.4 Antenatal demineralization is aggravated by improper nutritional interventions during perinatal care and post-discharge care. This comorbidity is asymptomatic in the infant’s early life, but later contributes to linear growth failure, delayed teeth eruption, respiratory problems, and bone fractures in ELBW babies.3 Early detection and prompt management of osteopenia of prematurity are needed for all ELBW infants. Here we present a case of an ELBW infant with osteopenia of prematurity who we observed for 18 months. The child underwent multidisciplinary interventions for modifiable prognostic factors to support optimal achievement of growth and neurodevelopment.
Territorios y la COVID-19 en Ecuador: regiones funcionales como respuesta a la crisis sanitaria
Authors: Barragán-Ochoa Fernando , Salazar Esthela , Benavidez-Silva César , Andrés Bastidas Galo , Jaramillo Santiago , Ordóñez Jordan , García Carolina
Published: April 2022

La propagación de la COVID-19 ha enfrentado a los sistemas sanitarios del mundo a diversos desafíos. El incremento exponencial de casos que requieren atención hospitalaria ha generado escenarios de sobresaturación de los hospitales. En estos contextos la población y las instituciones han planteado diversas estrategias, entre las que se incluye la movilización de pacientes desde los lugares de vivienda a otros donde podrían ser atendidos. Estos desplazamientos se inscriben en una lógica de regiones funcionales construidas a partir de las prácticas espaciales de la población en un contexto de crisis sanitaria. El objetivo de esta investigación es observar el manejo de la crisis sanitaria desde una perspectiva regional para determinar áreas de influencia de infraestructura hospitalaria, flujos hospitalarios y vínculos entre territorios de vivienda y lugares de atención médica. Como resultado se obtuvo que la atención médica en el contexto de la crisis sanitaria devela una configuración regional subyacente. Esta organización espacial tiene un gran interés para la construcción de eficaces y eficientes sistemas territoriales de atención a pacientes en contextos de crisis y para la construcción de una resiliencia territorial.
Filling gaps on the distribution of Amazonian bats, new records of four poorly sampled species: Trinycteris nicefori Sanborn, 1949, Lionycteris spurrelli Thomas, 1913, Macrophyllum macrophyllum (Schinz, 1821), and Dasypterus ega (Gervais, 1856)
Authors: Paulino Lopes Gerson , Valsecchi João , Eduardo Brandão Paulo , Carvalho Melo dos Santos Tamily
Published: April 2022

Bats are the second most diverse mammalian order worldwide. In the Neotropics, Brazil has one of the greatest bat richness, but species records are still very heterogeneously distributed, especially in Amazonia. Although this biome harbours 76% of Brazil’s bat fauna, basic knowledge on the distribution of Amazonian bats is far from well known, with intensive surveys at only a few sites and many areas without any records. The reduction of those gaps will improve the understanding of the bats’ distribution, with implications for management and conservation. Here we review the distribution of Trinycteris nicefori, Lionycteris spurrelli, Macrophyllum macrophyllum, and Dasypterus ega in the Brazilian Amazonia, presenting several new records for the region based both on literature review and on our own unpublished data. Our study contributes to the knowledge of the geographic distribution of these species, and the new records presented here help fill a gap in the distribution of bats in the western Brazilian Amazonia.
Towards a regional call library: Classifying calls of a species-rich bat assemblage in a Bornean karst rainforest
Authors: McArthur Ellen , Ali Anwarali Khan Faisal
Published: April 2022

Acoustic monitoring with ultrasonic detectors has emerged, in recent years, as an essential tool to quantify the activity of echolocating, insectivorous bats and identify critical commuting and foraging habitats. Comprehensive reference call libraries are critical for the identification of species from their calls. This is especially important in species diverse areas like Gunung Mulu National Park (Sarawak). This study aims to (1) develop a call library for all known echolocating bat species found in Gunung Mulu National Park, (2) determine if calls of different species can be automatically classified using discriminant function analysis, and (3) examine intraspecific variation in relation to sex and geographical location, for calls in species of the families Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae. Between 2012 and 2017, insectivorous bats were trapped within and outside the park. Echolocation calls were recorded from a total of 508 individuals, representing 31 species from 8 families. Results from discriminant function analysis indicated that the majority of cave roosting bats, which included Chaerephon plicatus, Miniopterus australis, Myotis horsfieldii and 13 species from the families Rhinolophidae, Hipposideridae, and Emballonuridae, could be readily distinguished from their calls, when manually separated into groups according to call structure. However, classification success was much lower for the remaining 15 species that consisted mainly of forest roosting bats from the family Vespertilionidae. This reference call library is expected to contribute to a regional online open-access database. It can be used to survey and monitor selected species in Gunung Mulu National Park as well as highlighting the importance of threatened habitats outside the boundary for these species.
El murciélago de Nathusius Pipistrellus nathusii (Keyserling & Blasius, 1839), confirmado como especie residente en Cantabria
Authors: Molleda García Raúl , Fombellida Díez Isidoro , Díez Fombellida , Aizcorbe Garay Javier , González Cuevas Álvaro , Iriondo Cifrián Susana , García Fernández Miguel Óscar , Sánchez Cobo Máximo
Published: April 2022

Considered extinct in the Iberian Peninsula for seven decades, Pipistrellus nathusii was proven in the 1980s to dwell the Cantabrian and Mediterranean coasts as well as various parts of the Northern Iberian Peninsula during winter. Currently, it is considered a resident of the Peninsula after discovering a summer only-male population in the Ebro Delta (Catalonia). From January to October 2018, we surveyed the species‘ distribution in Cantabria using ultrasound detectors and, where appropriate, the capture of specimens in mist nets. The species identification on sound recordings was confirmed by social calls, following widely accepted scientific criteria. DNA analysis of wing tissue samples from captured individuals was used for taxonomic identification. We confirm the presence in Cantabria of Pipistrellus nathusii throughout the year, both in winter and in summer, the latter settled in several river basins on the northern and southern slopes. This population marks the extreme southwest locality of the range of the species during the summer period. The specimens found on the southern slope represent the highest altitude of a summer colony so far.
Annotated checklist, distribution and regional status of the bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of Kerala, South India
Authors: Raman Sreehari , Padmarajan Akhil , A. Faizal Muhammed , A. Das Akhil , Ushakumari Pooja , Singh Sweta , C. Hughes Alice
Published: April 2022

Understanding species diversity and species distributions across the region provides a crucial baseline for developing effective conservation plans. Several checklists of bats of Kerala have already been published in combination with other mammal groups. However distribution data has been largely unavailable. A comprehensive bat survey was conducted at 43 different locations across various protected and nonprotected areas of Kerala. Bats were monitored using harp traps (398 trap-nights), mist nets (51 trap-nights) and direct roost visits. Our sampling yielded a total of 42 species from 23 genera and seven families, of which three species (Barbastella darjelingensis, Hesperoptenus tickelli and Kerivoula hardwickii) are new records for Kerala and four Vespertilionid species belong to the genus Harpiocephalus, Kerivoula, Murina and Tylonycteris are potentially undescribed species. Previous records of 41 species were also gathered from various literature sources but six of these were not detected during our survey. After collating all the available data, here we produce the first comprehensive review on the distribution and occurrence of 48 bat species in Kerala (20 Vespertilionids, 6 Pteropodids, 6 Hipposiderids, 5 Rhinolophids, 3 Emballonurids, 3 Molossids, 2 Megadermatids, 2 Miniopterids and 1 Rhinopomatid). Regional assessment based on the occurrence data further classified bat species into rare (16 spp.), common (13 spp.), abundant (9 spp.), however the status of remaining 10 spp. remains unknown. We also present a simplified dichotomous key for the identification of bats in Kerala.
The Bats (Chiroptera) of Utila Island, Honduras: species checklist and recommendations to conserve a cave roost
Authors: M. Martinez Murillo Andrea , W. Brown Tom , M. Clayson Steven
Published: April 2022

This report catalogues the bats of Utila Island (Honduras) by providing a preliminary checklist of 13 species. We conclusively identified eight primary and five secondary records for bat species on Utila, including three new records that increase the total known species in the Bay Island department to 15. Phyllostomidae was the most represented on Utila, with four genera and six recorded species, followed by Vespertilionidae, two genera and two species, and Emballonuridae, one genus and two species. The families Molossidae, Natalidae, and Noctilionidae each had one species represented. We highlight the ecological importance of bats for the island ecosystem, ongoing threats to their communities and describe a long-term cave roosting site. We aim to raise regional awareness and suggest appropriate conservation action for bats and their habitats on Utila.
Bubble behavior and evolution characteristics in the RH riser tube-vacuum chamber
Authors: Li Yihong , Zhu Hongwei , Wang Rui , Ren Zhifeng , He Yibo
Published: April 2022

The motion behavior of bubbles in a riser tube is studied in order to analyze the bubble evolution characteristics. Gas distribution and bubble movement in risers and vacuum chambers have important effects on liquid steel flow, mixing and refining process. It is found that the initial diameter of argon bubbles in the riser tube decreased with decreasing vacuum degree. The diameter of argon bubbles in the riser tube increased with increasing gas flow rate. The bubbles could be divided into the single bubble rising zone and the bubble breaking coalescence zone in the rising tube. After the bubbles were blown in, they changed from regular spherical shapes to flat shapes in the single bubble rising zone, and then broke apart into small bubbles in the bubble breaking coalescence zone. Variations in the gas flow rate and vacuum degree had significant effects on the regional distribution of bubble motion and bubble residence time. The critical height of the single bubble rising zone and the bubble breaking coalescence zone were stable when the bubble travel distance was greater than 280 mm.
Measurement of the diffusion coefficient in Mg–Sn and Mg–Sc binary alloys
Authors: Yu Yiming , Zhou Zhengfei , Tao Xiaoma , Wang Jiang , Xu Guanglong , Cui Yuwen
Published: April 2022

Diffusion coefficients in the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Mg–Sn and Mg–Sc solid solutions and the body-centered cubic (bcc) Mg–Sc solid solution were re-evaluated via a method combing diffusion couple experiments, error function expansion fitting, and Sauer–Freise/Hall numerical calculation. The interdiffusion coefficients in hcp Mg–Sn alloys were found to gently rise as the content of Sn increases. The new experimental data amended the compositional dependency of Mg–Sn interdiffusion coefficients and gave rise to a new set of mobility parameters. The interdiffusion coefficients in Mg–Sc alloys were determined at 773 K, 803 K, and 848 K. They showed a slightly parabolic composition dependence in the hcp phase but a monotonic decreasing trend with the increase in Sc content in the bcc phase. The experimental results in this work enriched the determined diffusion coefficients in Mg alloys and effectively justified the assessed mobility parameters in assessments.
Evaluation of ethanol extracts from three species of Artocarpus as natural gastroprotective agents: in vivo and histopathological studies
Authors: Fitrya Fitrya , Amriani Annisa , Novita Rennie Puspa , Salsabila Aufa , Siregar Silvy Marina , Anafisya Yunike
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Artocarpus is a tropical plant known for its high concentration of secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids and phenolics. This study aims to evaluate the potential use of ethanol extracts obtained from three species of Artocarpus (Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus champeden, and Artocarpus heterophyllus) as gastroprotective agents.

Methods

The gastroprotective potential of the extracts at concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW was studied in an animal model induced by absolute ethanol. The animals were subjected to extract pre-treatment for 14 days. Subsequently, the gastroprotective potential was evaluated based on the area of the lesion, the volume of gastric fluid, gastric pH, total acidity, gastric wall mucus content, and microscopic lesions.

Results

There was a significant decrease in the lesion area and gastric fluid volume in the animals that received pre-treated extracts of A. altilis, A. Champeden, and A. heterophyllus, as well as a significant increase in the pH and gastric wall mucus secretion when compared to the ethanol group (p<0.05), rather than the omeprazole or the normal group (p>0.05). Both macroscopic and microscopic examinations revealed a significant decrease in necrotic lesions.

Conclusions

Extracts of A. altilis, A. Champeden, and A. heterophyllus are effective in lowering the risk of peptic ulcers since they have the potential to be used as natural gastroprotective agents.
Educating and hiring an “African” in America’s Colleges/Schools of Education: my voice
Authors: Obiakor Festus E.
Published: April 2022

Africans coming to the United States of America to go to school traditionally have the ultimate goal of getting the best education and going back to their respective countries. That was my goal when I left Nigeria many decades ago! However, considering the socio-economic and political upheavals in African nations, one is forced to rethink the goal, especially when your family arrives at the same uneasy and difficult conclusion. Leaving family members is bad enough, and not going back after one’s education is even worse. These are the psychological battles that most Africans endure when they decide to finally settle to work in the United States. Then, when one combines these family worries with searching for jobs; locating jobs; enduring departmental, College/School, and university politics; and marrying and raising families; the problems become unbearable and frequently insurmountable. The consequences are grave and require well-planned survival skills that are unimaginable. This is my story and the essence of this article.
Anomalous resonance frequency shift in liquid crystal-loaded THz metamaterials
Authors: Perivolari Eleni , Fedotov Vassili A. , Parka Janusz , Kaczmarek Malgosia , Apostolopoulos Vasilis
Published: April 2022

Babinet complementary patterns of a spectrally tunable metamaterial incorporating a nematic liquid crystal is normally assumed to exhibit the same tuning range. Here we show that for a hybrid, liquid crystal-loaded metamaterial, the sensitivity of its terahertz resonances to the variations of the refractive index differs substantially for the two complementary patterns. This is due to a mismatch between the alignment of the liquid crystal and the direction of the local electric field induced in the metamaterial patterns. Furthermore, and more intriguingly, our experimental data indicate that it is possible to shift the resonance of the positive metamaterial pattern beyond the limit imposed by the alignment mismatch. Our analysis suggests that the observed anomalous frequency shift results from the orientational optical nonlinearity of a nematic liquid crystal.
Targeted synthesis of carbon-supported titanate nanofibers as host structure for nuclear waste immobilization
Authors: Li Lei , Ma Ran , Liu Xuewei , Wen Tao , Wu Bo , Sun Mingtai , Jiang Zheng , Wang Suhua , Wang Xiangke
Published: April 2022

Inorganic ion-exchange materials show potential application for toxic radioactive ions due to their remarkable high efficiency and selectivity features. Here, two type of carbon-supported titanate (C@TNFs and C@TNFs(H)) nanofibers have been synthesized by a cost-effective in suit growth method. The resulting C@TNFs and C@TNFs(H) microspheres present uniform flower-like morphology and large surface area. The interlayer Na+ in the titanate shell provides docking sites for ion-exchange of radioactive ions (U(VI), Ba(II), and Sr(II)). Interestingly, the exceeding theoretical cation-exchange capacities (CECs) are achieved on C@TNFs for U(VI) ∼4.76 meq g−1 and Ba(II) ∼2.65 meq g−1 and C@TNFs(H) for Ba(II) ∼2.53 meq g−1 and Sr(II) ∼2.24 meq g−1, respectively. The impressive adsorption performance is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of ion-exchange and surface complexation. More significantly, C@TNFs and C@TNFs(H) maintain high distribution coefficients (K
d
U) of >104 mL g−1 over a wider pH range (pH = 3.5–9.0) and high adsorption rate with short equilibrium time within 50 min. Competitive ion-exchange investigation shows a selectivity order of U(VI) > Ba(II) > Sr(II) at individual 10 ppm concentration, pH = 6.0 and T = 298 K. The related spectroscopic studies reveal the intercalative mechanism of radionuclides in the deformed titanate structure, as a result of target ions firmly trapped in the interlayer of C@TNFs and C@TNFs(H). These advantageous features allow the C@TNFs and C@TNFs(H) to be promising candidates for the remediation of toxic radioactive ions polluted water.
The speciation of protactinium since its discovery: a nightmare or a path of resilience
Authors: Le Naour Claire , Maloubier Melody , Aupiais Jean
Published: April 2022

This review concerns the speciation of protactinium in aqueous solution under its both oxidation states +IV and +V. Emphasis is placed on experimental data obtained at trace level but also in macroscopic amount leading to the determination of thermodynamic and structural data. Thus, the complexation of Pa(V) with mineral acids and organic acids, mainly polyaminocarboxylic acids (iminodiacetic acid [IDA], nitrilotriacetic acid [NTA], ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid [DTPA]) are highlighted and compared. The review also includes the actual knowledge about the Pa(IV) aqueous chemistry pinpointing its spectroscopic features.
Industrial emissions effect into atmospheric air quality: mathematical modeling
Authors: Lukyanets Artem , Gura Dmitry , Savinova Olga , Kondratenko Larisa , Lushkov Richard
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the results of modeling the distribution process of industrial emission components at specified distances from the emission source along the normal. The model uses a system of differential diffusion equations to compute the concentration profiles of aerosols, industrial gases, and fine particles in the atmosphere. In order to investigate the regularity of the emitter propagation into the atmosphere, a theory of impurity dispersion was developed. The model is constrained by the effect of particle interactions. The partial derivative equations are presented to calculate the concentrations of aerosols and fine particles under the turbulent airflow in the atmosphere, dispersion of inert impurities, and distribution of chemically active compounds. The adequacy of the mathematical model for a series of theoretical calculations was checked by contrasting the data of the atmospheric air monitoring for the cities of Almaty, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Pavlodar, Atyrau, Krasnodar, Chelyabinsk, Beijing, and Shanghai. Air monitoring data included PM10, SO2, and NO2 levels. The mathematical model solutions for the relative values of the emitter concentration in the direction along the normal of the pollution source at the surface were obtained. Graphical interpretation of the calculation results over the 0…200 m distance for time intervals ranging from 3 to 600 min was provided. According to the multiple factor cluster analysis, the critical values of SO2 concentrations in Atyrau exceeded MPC in 26.2% of cases. The level of NO2 for Shanghai was 15.6%, and those for PM10 concentrations in Almaty and Atyrau amounted to 16.4%. A comparison of theoretical values and results obtained from official sources showed arithmetic mean of 49.4 mg/m3 and maximum value of 823.0 mg/m3. Standard deviation comprised 48.9 mg/m3. Results were considered statistically significant at p≤0.005. The mathematical model developed in this study can be used to predict the status of atmospheric air.
Service Dominant Logic and Market Orientation: A Case Study of Brazilian Agribusiness Firms
Authors: Albuquerque Mariangela Duarte Soares , Martins Tomas Sparano
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Service Dominant Orientation (S-DO), Responsive Market Orientation (RMO) and Proactive Market Orientation (PMO) complementary effect on Brand Performance in the Brazilian agribusiness B2B context. We conducted a survey with 147 Brazilian agribusiness firms that sell supplies directly to farmers. The data were analysed through a three-model hierarchical regression analysis. The results indicated that S-DO complemented by PMO and RMO impacts and explains brand performance at more significant levels than S-DO by itself. The complementary effect is highlighted when firms give voice and partner up with their customers that leads the proactively innovative research based on their latent needs. The study allows agribusiness marketing managers to reflect on the insertion of the B2B customer in the firm’s value co-creation process through a guided innovative research process.
Story versus discourse in film studies: a return to the theory of enunciation
Authors: González-Requena Jesús , Casanova Basilio
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we address the problematic of film narration and its narrator from a re-reading of Émile Benveniste’s theory of enunciation in open discussion with both the theories of film enunciation that have derived from it, and the cognitive theories that, by discarding it, have tried to take its place. This has led us to a differentiation between two dimensions of the problem of enunciation that are usually ignored: that which separates the act of enunciation and the subject who performs it from that of the textual subjects (the enunciator, the narrator …) who inscribe that act in the text. An erroneous understanding of the modes of enunciation of story and discourse has derived from their ignorance, which has led to reducing the former to a kind of form that derives from the latter, constituting no more than a form of discourse that would hide its basis. A precise enunciative definition of the lie is derived from their conscience. Certainly, there is always a subject of the act of enunciation whose traces can be recognized in the materiality of the statement. But there is a properly ontological distance that separates them – as material traces – from the enunciator, as a purely formal textual figure that, by being that, may or may not be present in the text. In this way, the Benveniste’s affirmation can be sustained according to which the story, the pure mode of the narrative, so to speak, is characterized by the absence – not the erasure, nor the invisibility – of any enunciator.
Classification and Medical Applications of Biomaterials–A Mini Review
Authors: Chong Eric Tzyy Jiann , Ng Jun Wei , Lee Ping-Chin
Published: April 2022

Biomaterials are natural, synthetic, or hybrid materials, which are used in medical devices or implants that are placed in contact with the human biological system to compensate for or restore diminished functions of the body. The field of biomaterials has rapidly developed to meet the ever-expanding needs in healthcare and medicine practices. Advancements in science and technology have enabled the fabrication and reengineering of biomaterials into useful medical devices or implants, such as heart valves, bone plates, hip joints, and cardiac pacemakers. Because biomaterials are placed in continuous close contact with the recipient’s body fluids or tissues, the classification of available biomaterials is crucial for selecting safer and highly biocompatible materials. This review focuses on biomaterial classification, namely bioceramic, polymeric, and metallic biomaterials. Their medical applications, advantages, and disadvantages are discussed. Current trends in biomaterials involved in disease treatments, such as controlled drug delivery and cancer therapy, are additionally explored.
Study of Stress Resistance in Young Men Playing Computer Games (Using the Example of the Genres Shooter and MOBA)
Authors:   Military Institute (Engineering and Technical) of the Military Academy of Material and Technical Support named after General of the Army A. V. Khrulevа, Luchsheva Lyudmila M.
Published: April 2022

The article presents research data on the stress tolerance of young men playing computer games of the genre first-person shooter and MOBA. Based on the results obtained,it is concluded that all young men have a high level of stress resistance. There were nodifferences in the level of stress resistance from the preferred genre of the game. Analysis ofthe results of the survey allowed to determine the time occupied by the game, which tendsto increase on certain days of the week. It is shown that the measures used by parents andlecturer, young people consider not effective, do not recognize dependence on the game, donot plan to change lifestyle in the near future.
Predictors of Student Anxiety during Pandemic Lockdown COVID-19
Authors:   Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Prus Franz Paul Hans Fritz , Perevozkina Yulia M. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Perevozkin Sergey B. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2022

Evidence of psychological stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including anxiety, depression, etc. has been presented in many scientific papers. This is especially true for university students, who are a unique group experiencing constantly increased psychological stress associated with studying during a pandemic. This study aims to identify the factors that determine the severity of student anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reported data on anxiety and psychological distress as a result of exposure to COVID-19 were collected on samples of students from 18 to 22 years old (N = 86), of which 53 were women and 33 were men. To study the predictors, multiple regression analysis and Studentʼs t-test were used. An increased risk of psychological stress was associated with the female gender. Characteristics such as embarrassed, agitated and in disarray, when assessed by students, are more likely to contribute to increased anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychosemantic predictors of studentsʼ personal anxiety are such qualities as frightened and weak, which corresponds to the anxious-fearful personality type. Also, triggers of anxiety disorders in students can be a loss of control over the situation and the need to take personal initiative, especially in the interpersonal sphere of life. In conclusion, it is concluded that the present study highlights some of the factors associated with an increased risk of developing psychological stress in students due to COVID-19 and can be used for psychological interventions.
Technologies “Egg of Trauma” M. Murray and “Egg of Joy” O. Andronnikova in Working with Psychological Trauma
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Andronnikova Olga O.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this article is to describe the practical technology of working with traumatic experiences. The article presents an analysis of the main approaches to understanding the psychological trauma that occurs as a result of experiencing childhood negative experiences. An analysis of the consequences of ill-treatment in childhood based on the material of domestic and foreign researchers is presented. The main directions and technologies of work with the consequences of negative childhood are listed. M. Murrayʼs approach to work with traumatic experiences is disclosed. The personality structure is considered as a combination of parts: “Natural childˮ, “Crying/offended childˮ, “Controlling childˮ. The essence and structure of work with the “Egg of Traumaˮ technology is described, an algorithm for the analysis and transformation of experiences is given. The algorithm and essence of the technology “Egg of Joyˮ is described.
International comparison of variation in performance between hospitals for THA and TKA: Is it even possible? A systematic review including 33 studies and 8 arthroplasty register reports
Authors: van Schie Peter , Hasan Shaho , van Bodegom-Vos Leti , Schoones Jan W , Nelissen Rob G H H , Marang-van de Mheen Perla J
Published: April 2022

In order to improve care for total hip and knee arthroplasties (THA/TKA), hospitals may want to compare their performance with hospitals in other countries. Pooling data across countries also enable early detection of infrequently occurring safety issues. We therefore aimed to assess the between-hospital variation and definitions used for revision, readmission, and complications across countries.

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Emcare, and Academic Search Premier were searched from January 2009 to August 2020 for studies reporting on: (i) primary THA/TKA; (ii) revision, readmission, or complications; and (iii) between-hospital variation. Most recent registry reports of Network of Orthopedic Registries of Europe members were also reviewed. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Integrated quality Criteria for the Review Of Multiple Study designs tool for studies and relevant domains for registries. We assessed agreement for the following domains: (i) outcome definition; (ii) follow-up and starting point; (iii) case-mix adjustment; and (iv) type of patients and hospitals included.

Between-hospital variation was reported in 33 (1 high-quality, 13 moderate-quality, and 19 low-quality) studies and 8 registry reports. The range of variation for revision was 0–33% for THA and 0–27% for TKA varying between assessment within hospital admission until 10 years of follow-up; for readmission, 0–40% and 0–32% for THA and TKA, respectively; and for complications, 0–75% and 0–50% for THA and TKA, respectively. Indicator definitions and methodological variables varied considerably across domains.

The large heterogeneity in definitions and methods used likely explains the considerable variation in between-hospital variation reported for revision, readmission, and complications , making it impossible to benchmark hospitals across countries or pool data for earlier detection of safety issues. It is necessary to collaborate internationally and strive for more uniformity in indicator definitions and methods in order to achieve reliable international benchmarking in the future.
The 2021 Pediatric Hospital Medicine Workforce: Results of a National Survey of Program Leaders
Authors: Fromme H. Barrett , Ruch-Ross Holly S. , Marks Michelle , Barone Lauren , Shaugnessy Erin
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM) is a young subspecialty with practice models that continue to evolve. To inform program and workforce planning, it is essential to understand the current state. This study sought to delineate current work models for PHM.

METHODS

In the spring of 2021, we conducted a survey-based cohort study of individuals identifying as PHM program leaders. Individuals were invited based on membership in the 3 PHM sponsoring societies. Additional respondents were recruited through society listservs.

RESULTS

One hundred ninety-eight program leaders responded to the program model survey. One-half covered only community sites, 21.2% covered only university sites, and 21.2% covered both university and community sites. Programs provided a diverse set of services, with community sites covering more services, including newborn nurseries, emergency department consultation, and delivery room care. Median total hours for 1.0 clinical full time equivalent were 1849 across all sites, 1800 at university-only sites, and 1900 at community-only sites. Inpatient floor patient caps, when present, were higher for resident covered versus noncovered teams (16 vs 13). Similarly, back-up activation was higher for resident-covered teams (15–16) than noncovered teams (12–13.5).

CONCLUSIONS

Current data on clinical work hours for pediatric hospitalists are consistent with recent, smaller studies, suggesting that the current national median for a 1.0 FTE clinical position at university-based sites is 1800 annual hours. Community hospitalists often work more clinical hours than university sites and more commonly provide a broader range of service lines. More studies are needed to explore the differences between community and university site work models.
Composición morfológica del forraje ryegrass anual (Lolium multiflorum) cv. jumbo en respuesta a tres fórmulas nitrogenadas
Authors: Navarro-Zamora Luis A. , Villalobos-Villalobos Luis A.
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta del pasto ryegrass anual cv. Jumbo a tres fórmulas de nitrógeno (urea, nitrato de amonio y urea protegida) a dos altitudes en condiciones tropicales de Costa Rica. El estudio se realizó entre el periodo de 15 de junio del 2017 y el 15 de febrero del 2018 en dos zonas de la provincia de Cartago, cantón de Oreamuno (09°57.442’ N, 083°49.951’ O, finca A [2.800 m.s.n.m.] y 09°54.839’ N, 083°50.058’ O, finca B [2.000 m.s.n.m.]). Se evaluó tres tratamientos (urea, nitrato de amonio y urea protegida) en parcelas experimentales a un equivalente de 200 kg N/ha/año y se aplicó una misma dosis de azufre a un equivalente de 13,49 kg S/ha/año en todas las parcelas. El forraje fue cosechado cada 60 días aproximadamente. Se analizó el número de rebrotes, cantidad de hojas vivas y la composición estructural (porcentajes hoja, tallo y senescencia) en la pastura. La cantidad de rebrotes y hojas vivas fue significativamente mayor (p<0.05) en el mes de agosto en comparación con el mes de febrero. La proporción de hoja fue mayor en el mes de febrero con respecto a agosto (p<0.05) mientras que las proporciones de tallo y senescencia se mantuvieron estables durante el período de estudio. No se encontraron efectos significativos en las variables evaluadas como resultado de la fuente de fertilizante nitrogenado utilizado.
AGRICULTURE IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION AND THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors: Miteva A.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study is to assess the importance and socio-economic and environmental aspects of the impact of agriculture in the North Central region for the development of the region. The analysis uses statistical data for the period of our country's membership in the EU. To assess the importance of agriculture in the region and the trends in its development, data from expert assessment by specialists from the regional offices of the State Fund "Agriculture" and the National Agricultural Advisory System are presented. On this basis, are disclosed the peculiarities of the established model of agriculture in the North Central region in terms of changes in the size of farms, production specialization, organizational parameters, diversification of activities, application of agri-environmental practices and others.
ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE AVERAGE PRICES OF THE CONTRACTS FOR LEASE OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN SOUTH-EASTERN REGION OF BULGARIA FOR THE PERIOD 2010-2019
Authors: Momchilov H. , Petkova P.
Published: April 2022

Leases and rent play a key role in agricultural production. Rental payments represent a significant part of production costs. Practice shows that in order not to lose the already occupied areas, producers increase the amount of payments to owners. The aim of the study is to track the dynamics of average prices for lease agreements for the South-Eastern region of Bulgaria. Basic and chain indices of price dynamics were used. There was a continuous growth of increase in rent payments.
CURRENT ASPECTS OF BULGARIAN CUSTOMS POLICY
Authors: Nencheva I.
Published: April 2022

Customs policy is a set of activities and mechanisms designed to regulate foreign trade and protect the national economy from competition for cheaper goods and services from abroad. The unification of international customs legislation and the adoption of unified technologies of customs control is a global trend, established in favor of the existing customs administrations and the modern framework of international trade.
Transcerebellar diameter versus biparietal diameter for the measurement of gestational age in third trimester
Authors:   Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ain Shams University, Egypt, Ali Mohamed Adel , NasrElDin Eman AbdElSalam ,   Radiodiagnosis, Helwan University, Egypt, Moussa Mahmoud ,   Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ain Shams University, Egypt,   Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Great Western Hospital, United Kingdom
Published: April 2022

Aim: To compare the accuracy of biparietal diameter and transcerebellar diameter in measuring the gestational age during the third trimester of pregnancy. Material and methods: In this prospective observational study, 275 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy between 32 and 37 weeks gestational age were recruited from the outpatient clinics of both Helwan University Hospital and Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, during the period from February 2021 to August 2021. Transcerebellar and biparietal diameters of the fetus were measured by a radiologist blinded to the women’s gestational age, and compared to the gestational age acquired from a reliable date of first day of last menstrual period. Results: The gestational age calculated by first day of last menstrual period ranged from 32 to 37 weeks (34.35 ± 1.4), while estimated by transcerebellar and biparietal diameters ranged from 31 to 37 weeks (34.31 ± 1.39) and 31 to 39 weeks (34.32 ± 1.44), respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between gestational age and transcerebellar diameter (r = 0.98, p <0.001) as well as biparietal diameter (r = 0.87, p <0.001), yet a stronger correlation was with transcerebellar diameter. 93.6% of gestational age assessment by transcerebellar diameter was correct compared to only 79.9% by biparietal diameter. Conclusions: Transcerebellar diameter is a reliable single sonographic fetal biometric parameter for the assessment of gestational age in third trimester of pregnancy.