bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODERN FEEDING ASPECTS OF DAIRY COWS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Chuvash SAU, Voronova I.V. , Ignatieva N.L. ,   FSBEI HE Chuvash SAU, Nemtseva E.Yu. ,   FSBEI HE Chuvash SAU
Published: October 2021

Research on the study of differentiated feeding of cows was carried out in the conditions of OOO “Krasnoe Sormovo” of Krasnoarmeyskiy district of Chuvash Republic. For the experiment, one control and experimental groups of cows were formed, each containing 150 heads. The control animals remained on the farm ration. The cows of the experimental group were fed with differentiated diets according to their productivity and physiological state. The first experimental group consisted of cows with a daily milk yield of 25 kg and more, the second - from 18 to 25 kg, the third - below 18 kg. The diets of dry cows were also revised: we proposed dividing the drying-off period into two stages: far-off dry period (from 8 to 3 weeks before calving) and close up dry period (from 3 weeks before calving). The principal feature of feeding in the experimental groups was that the rations were balanced directly in terms of crude protein and energy. The share of basic or bulk feed was 50% in the structure of the ration. The amount of concentrated feed was calculated taking into account the eatability of the main feed. Maintaining of balanced feeding was achieved through constant monitoring of the diet for quality parametres of milk, body condition and feces consistency. The research focused on a comparative assessment of milk productivity of cows in the control and experimental groups. Analysis of productive parametres of the cows showed a significant increase of milk yield of experimental animals for 305 days by 472 kg, an increase of daily milk yield by 1.8 kg per head. The results obtained indicate that the application of differentiated feeding of cows is advisable, as it contributes to an increase of their milk productivity. Therefore, we recommend using this strategy in feeding of dairy cows.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MEAT AND LIVER OF BROILER CHICKENS IN CASE OF USAGE OF «ZASLON 2+» ADDITIONAL NUTRITION COMPLEX IN THEIR RATION
Authors:   FSBSI All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Kotarev V.I. , Ivanova N.N. ,   FSBSI All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy
Published: October 2021

The article presents results of the studies on chemical composition of femoral, pectoral muscles and liver of broiler chickens of Ross 308 cross when using “Zaslon 2+”additional nutrition complex to reduce the impact of toxins in the feed, since meat and liver quality of broilers is mainly determined by the content of protein and fat, the value of the resulting product depends these parametres. The tasks of the study included: specification of moisture, dry matter, protein, fat and leach in the muscles and liver of chickens. Broiler chickens of Ross 308 cross, which were raised up to 38 days were the object of the research. Two groups of 1-day old chickens were formed, 1000 heads in each, without gender division. The control group received the main diet, as for the experimental group, the main ration and a complex of additional nutrition were used at the dose of 0.5 kg per 1 ton of compound feed to reduce the effect of toxins in the feed. On the 14th, 21st and 38th days of the study, a control slaughter of chickens was carried out in order to study the chemical composition of bird muscles and liver. There was a decrease in the amount of moisture with an increase of dry matter, crude leach and protein, while the amount of fat in broiler chickens of the experimental group, where there was the main diet and “Zaslon 2+” deceased in comparison with the control group where only the main diet was used. It indicated positive influence of the studied feed additive of complex action on chemical composition of the muscle tissue and liver of broilers and improvement of dietary properties of the products
DYNAMICS OF BLOOD PARAMETRES OF YOUNG EGG CROSS CHICKEN IN CASE OF APPLICATION OF A COMPLEX PROBIOTIC FEED SUPPLEMENT
Authors:   FSBSI “All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy”, Kotarev V.I. , Denisenko L.I. ,   FSBSI “All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy”, Shipilov V.V. ,   FSBSI “All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy”
Published: October 2021

The results of morpho-biochemical, immunological studies and data on the antioxidant status of young laying hens of Czech Dominant breed when including “Profort” feed additive in the ration are presented. The study was carried out in the conditions of the poultry farm of Krasnoye Podvorie farm in Belgorod region. The chickens were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Young birds of the control group received the main ration. As for the experimental group, “Profort” feed additive, which contained Bacilius megaterium B-4801 and Enterococus faecium l-35, was used at a dose of 0.5 kg / t in combination with the main ration. Blood samples for research were taken on 11, 21 and 42 days. In the course of the studies, a positive effect on morpho-biochemical, immunological parametres and parametres of antioxidant defense system of egg cross chicken blood when using “Profort” probiotic was revealed. A decrease of the content of monocytes, eosinophils, lymphocytes and pseudo-eosinophils was noted throughout the entire period of the study in blood of young birds of the experimental group, compared to the control group. The concentration of alpha-globulins in the blood of birds of the experimental group was higher throughout the entire period of the study relative to the parametres of the control group. The maximum difference in immunological parameters of the blood of birds of the experimental and control groups was achieved on the 42nd day of the study. So, lysozyme activity of blood serum of young laying hens of the experimental group was higher by 18.8%, and the content of CIC and general Ig - by 30.7% and 21.9%, respectively. A decrease of medium molecular peptide level in blood shows a positive effect on the antioxidant status of the organism
AGROPHYTOCENOSIS FORMATION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT IN CASE OF APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara SAU, Vasin V.G. , Burunov A.N. ,   FSBEI HE Samara SAU, Strizhakov A.O. A.O. ,   FSBEI HE Samara SAU
Published: October 2021

The article shows the results of the research on the development of methods for increasing spring durum wheat yield (Triticum Durum) in the system of application of liquid mineral fertilizers: Megamix for pre-sowing seed preparation, treatment of crops during the growing season with mineral fertilizers N16P16K16 for pre-sowing soil preparation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out on the experimental field of Samara State Agrarian University in 2017-2020. In the course of a three-factor field experiment, the main biometric parametres were assessed: sprout density and plant survivability in crops, formation of aboveground mass and accumulation of dry matter, photosynthetic activity with analysis of leaf area, formation of photosynthetic potential and photosynthesis net productivity. It was found that the best parametres are formed on the variants with seed treatment of with Megamix Seeds or Megamix Profi, followed by two-fold treatment during the growing season with Megamix Profi 0.5 l / ha (tillering phase) + Megamis Nitrogen 0.5 l / ha (flag leaf phase ), with application of N16P16K16 fertilizer. It was revealed that, in this case, the sprout density is formed at the level of 78.0 ... 77.7%. The usage of Megamix for seed treatment system + treatment of crops with Megamix stimulants ensures the maximum increase of the aboveground mass in the variant of seed treatment with Megamix Seeds and treatment of crops with Megamix Profi - 1582.0 g / m2; as well as a mixture of Megamix Profi + Megamix Nitrogen - 1614, 0 g / m2 after applying N16P16K16. In these variants, the maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential of 0.776 ... 0.981 million m2 / ha days are formed and, as a consequence, the maximum yield with the parametres of 2.89 ... 3.03 t / ha. It was found that application of liquid mineral fertilizers in all variants of the experiment significantly increases spring durum wheat yield.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATOR ON SEED PRODUCTIVITY OF AWNLESS BROME
Authors:   FSBEI HE National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Eryashev A. P. , Kozlova A. A. ,   FSBEI HE National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Eryashev P. A. ,   OOO “Info-content”
Published: October 2021

The article presents results of the experiments carried out on leached black soils of the Republic of Mordovia to identify the effect of liquid complex fertilizers and Albit on awnless brome seed productivity. For this purpose, a two-factor field experiment was laid on crops of awnless brome on the experimental field No. 1 of OAO “Mordoviyagosplem” in Ozerny village of urban district of Saransk city in 2018 - 2020 according to the following scheme: Factor A – Time of application of liquid complex fertilizers and Albit. 1 - At the beginning of spring growth, 2 - In the phase of stalk-shooting, 3 - In the phase of spring growth + in the phase of stalk-shooting. Factor B - Liquid complex fertilizers and Albit. 1. - Without usage of liquid complex fertilizers and Albit (control). 2. - Megamix-profi. 3. - Megamix nitrogen. 4 - Albit. The results of the research revealed that the height of generative shoots (99 - 105 cm) and the length of panicles (14.6 - 16.9 cm) did not change significantly in case of application of fertilizers and Albit; the maximum number of inflorescences was, in comparison with the control, in case of application of Megamix-profi (28.4 %), Megamix-nitrogen (28.9 %), Albit (27.8 %) at the time of spring growth and at the beginning of stalk-shooting with Albit application ( 30.6 %); the usage of Megamix - profi in the phase of stalk-shooting and growth + stalk-shooting led to a greater seed number in inflorescences (68.2 and 68.6 %). Albit contributed to an increase of the number of generative shoots at all periods of application (141, 137, 144 pieces / m2); the largest number of seeds in an inflorescence was noted when spraying plants with Megamix-profi and Albit at the time of spring growth (101.3 and 100.4 pcs.), Megamix - nitrogen – in the phase of stalk-shooting (101.6 pcs.); the application of Megamix-nitrogen at the time of spring growth promoted the maximum mass of 1,000 seeds (4.17 g); spraying with Megamix-nitrogen (531 - 466 kg / ha) and Albit (507 - 466 kg / ha)at the beginning of spring growth and shooting, as well as with Megamix-profi (508 kg / ha) in the phase of stalk-shooting led to the maximum seed yield , with an advantage over the control by 35.1 - 29.0 %; 18.6 - 17.8 % and 29.2 %
PROPERTIES OF ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZER BASED ON CHICKEN MANURE AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF SPRING RAPE CULTIVATION FOR SEEDS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Yelets State University named after I. A. Bunin”, Zubkova T.V. , Vinogradov D.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ryazan  State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev “
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of work aimed at developing a new type of organomineral fertilizer and effectiveness of its use in crop production. The usage of organic fertilizers based on chicken manure is an effective way to utilize organic waste. The quality parametres of fertilizers based on natural zeolite and chicken manure in various combinations made it possible to state that fertilizers with microbiological product Tamir were of the highest quality (variants 3-5). It was found that usage of zeolite as a sorbent together with a microbiological complex contributed to a significant decrease in concentration of micro elements in organic waste. The application of these fertilizers in spring rape crops promoted biometric parameters of plants, photosynthetic activity and, in general, the productivity of oilseeds. The highest yield was observed in the variants with application of these fertilizers at a dose of 30 t / ha, the average yield of which was 21.4 dt / ha, which provided an increase relative to the control by 7.4 dt / ha. The conducted agroecological experiments confirm that the proposed fertilizer can be used in agriculture, both for obtaining high yields of spring rape and for restoring soil fertility
USAGE OF CULTURAL FILTRATES IN IN VITRO SELECTION FOR ANTHRACNOSE RESISTANCE
Authors:   FSBSI “Federal Scientific Center of Fiber Crops”, Proletova N. V.
Published: October 2021

The research was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of selection technologies of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Fiber Crops” (Tver region) in 2018–2020. The aim of the research is in vitro development of new flax genotypes resistant to anthracnose, one of the most harmful fungal diseases. As a result of the research, the composition of the cultural filtrate of the anthracnose causative agent was clarified. It was revealed that toxicity of the cultural filtrates did not depend on the virulence of the strains used in the present studies, the cultural filtrates of strains 784 (highly virulent) and 780 (medium virulent) turned out to be more toxic (decay and death of radicle was observed on the 5th day in 67 - 88% of germinated seeds), less toxic are strains 793 (highly virulent) and 788 (weakly virulent) (decay and death of radicle was observed on the 5th day in 9-15% of germinated seeds). It was found that morphogenic foci were formed more actively in genotypes the morphogenic callus of which was transferred to a medium with a higher concentration of the cultural filtrate; it was shown that in the second passage, when transferring morphogenic calli from a selective medium, which contains 40 ml / L of cultural filtrate on a selective medium also containing 40 ml / L of cultural filtrate, as well as on a selective medium containing 44 ml / L of cultural filtrate, the number of formed morphogenic calli and green buds on the 14th day is significantly higher than in case of transferring on a selective medium containing 36 ml / L of cultural filtrate. Viable regenerant plants were obtained and genotypes were isolated, which retained resistance to anthracnose for three generations at a level of 50 - 60%: NO-78 x Lenok, NL-103-2 x Lenok, NL-40-1 x Lenok, NE-38 x Rosinka, NE-36 x Lenok, NE-17 x Lenok, NE-16-2 x Rosinka.
Synthesis of Composite Materials based on TiB2–TiC–Al2O3 and CrB2-Al2O3 in the Combustion Conditions
Authors: Seidualiyeva A.J. , Kamunur K. , Abdulkarimova R.G. , Onuralp U. , Batkal A.N.
Published: October 2021

Borides and carbides attract the attention of developers of heat-resistant and super hard structural materials due to a unique combination of their resistance to high-temperature oxidation, high hardness, wear resistance, electrical and thermal conductivity and etc. The article presents experimental results on obtaining composites based on TiB2-TiC-Al2O3, CrB2-Al2O3 by a method combining self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and mechanical activation (MA). The influence of the composition of the initial components, the conditions of SHS and preliminary MA on the formation of the microstructure and phase composition of the SHS-composite based on titanium carbide and titanium, chromium borides has been studied. The SHS products were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis and a scanning electron microscope. High-temperature phases of borides of chromium, titanium, aluminum oxide and their spinel are found in SHS products.
Hobbes'un Hilesi: Trajedi, Saramago, Pandemi
Authors: TÜRK Duygu
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma, siyasal teorinin kurucu fikirleri ile edebiyat metinlerini ilişkilendirmeyi deneyerek egemen devlet kavramına odaklanıyor; bu yolla devleti, günümüz dünyasının kriz(ler)i bağlamında yeniden düşünmeyi deniyor. Çalışmanın arka planını José Saramago'nun iki romanı, Körlük ve Görmek oluşturuyor; ilgili edebiyat anlatıları öncelikle siyasal teorinin kurucu isimlerinden biri olan Thomas Hobbes'un Leviathan kurgusuyla paralel düşünülüyor. Ardından Benedictus Spinoza ve Walter Benjamin gibi diğer kurucu isimlerin eleştirel katkılarına başvuruluyor ve çağdaş düşünürlerin güncel kavramsallaştırmalarından yararlanılıyor. Metin, içinde bulunduğumuz pandemi koşullarında günümüz leviathan'ına dair kimi çıkarımlarda bulunarak sonlanıyor. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın argümanı, günümüz leviathan'ının kendi kendisinin amacı haline geldiği ve bu olgunun, güvenliği daimi bir problem kıldığı gibi, aynı zamanda leviathan'ın yeni bir imajını üretmeyi de gerektirdiği biçiminde özetlenebilir. Bu yalın olgu, sıradan insanların perspektifinden, hâlihazırdaki pandemi koşullarında olduğu gibi diğer kriz başlıklarında da, örneğin göçmen krizi veya muhtemel bir doğal afet koşullarında, kolaylıkla görülebilecek durumdadır. Böylesi kriz yüklü dönemlerin, yeni bir anlam kazandıracak biçimde olağanüstü hal kavramının da altını çizdiği söylenebilir. Çalışma, bu muhtemel yeni anlamı, edinebileceği her biçimiyle egemenlikten geri durmak yerine, özel olarak halk egemenliği nosyonunu yeniden düşünmek için bir çağrı olarak anlamak gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Egemen halk gibi tarihsel bir nosyonun yeniden düşünülmesi, şüphe yok ki kavramın hem olanaklarını ve hem de sınırlarını yeniden kavramayı da gerektirecektir.
​Estimation of Yield and Yield-related Traits among Seedling Colnes of Mango [Mangifera indica (L.) Cv. Langra] using Correlation and Path Coefficient
Authors: Rajpoot Megha , Sharma T.R. , Sharma R.M.
Published: October 2021

Background: Mango is one of the most important fruits in the world. The superior position of mango is due to its very wide and variety utilization and because of that, the main goal of all mango breeding programs is to obtain new inbred and hybrids that will outperform the existing hybrids concerning many traits for efficient selection of fruit yield, like the most important economic traits, regarding its on the great influence the environmental factors, has a complex mode of inheritance and low heritable is necessary to know the relation between fruit yield and other traits which are influencing on fruit yield. The current study aimed to verify the variability and correlation between the traits in fruit yield, to practice indirect selection. Methods: In this field investigation during 2018-19, Forty diverse clones (vegetative propagate) of mango cv. Langra were selected on Fruit Research Station (Farm), Imalia, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) to determine the genotypic correlation along with their direct and indirect effects through path coefficient analysis in mango as to estimate the contribution of most important characters towards yield. Result: Yield was positively and significantly correlated with panicle length (0.38**), length of leaves (0.22*). The residual effect of path analysis was -0.06 revealed higher genetic variability and also proved a lower per cent of environmental influence on the selected characters of mango clones of Langra. Higher positive direct effects on yield were exhibited by the length of leaves, the width of leaves, flower shoot length, number of panicles, number of flowers, and fruit drop %. In combination with correlation coefficient and path analysis, it was found that the length of leaves gave a significant positive correlation coefficient with yield and also produce a high positive direct effect.
Correlation of Royal Jelly Composition with Swarming Tendency in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera): A Review
Authors: Chander Ivy Neha , Marwaha Lovleen
Published: October 2021

Honey bees are eusocial insects which respond to warm weather, abundant food source by increasing their population through swarming to ensure the survival of the colony. To maintain a superior colony a queen must have a nutrient-rich diet and high egg production. Royal jelly is a high-quality food which has numerous beneficial properties required for proper growth, development, survival of the queen. Factors like congestion, lack of adequate queen pheromone, abnormal queen pheromone, pathogenic infections, exposure to pesticides influence the queen quality which further promotes non-reproductive swarming behaviour. Worker bees analyse the queen condition to prepare for supersedure or emergency queen rearing. This review paper highlights the influence of royal jelly composition on the queen quality, the impact of queen quality on swarming tendency, correlation between royal jelly composition and swarming tendency.
Characterization of Elite Genotypes for Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]
Authors: Bisht Charu , Verma S.K. , Gaur A.K. , Chauhan C. , Deep Harsh , Karn Anandi , Sharma R.K.
Published: October 2021

Background: The development of Fusarium wilt resistant varieties is a major challenge in pigeonpea breeding and need to be addressed on priority basis. In this study, efforts had been made to characterize the elite pigeonpea genotypes for Fusarium wilt resistance at morphological and molecular level. Methods: The present study was undertaken during kharif season of year 2018-19 at NEB, Crop Research Centre, G.B.P.U.A and T, Pantnagar. The experimental materials for present study consisted of 15 elite pigeonpea genotypes and three commercially grown popular varieties as checks. The molecular analysis was conducted during year 2019-20 and a susceptible variety BAHAR was used as check. The nine yield based indices were used for morphological analysis. The molecular analysis was carried out by using five already reported Fusarium wilt linked SSR markers. Result: The results revealed that the marker ASSR 363, ASSR 366, ASSR 1, ASSR 23 and ASSR 148 were highly effective in differentiating the resistant and susceptible genotypes of pigeonpea for wilt disease. On the basis of morphological and molecular studies, it was concluded that the genotype PA 626 was the most superior genotype as it not only yielded higher than all the three checks but also shown resistance against wilt at both phenotypic and genotypic level.
Educación y afectos
Authors: Salcedo Casallas Javier Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Educación y afectos. Etnografía afectiva para reconocer la subjetividad campesina de la vereda La Manga, en Yopal (Casanare) presenta una nueva ruta teórica y metodológica para acercarse a la subjetividad campesina en que se hallan, como envoltura indescifrable, los afectos y las emociones rurales que hacen posible la emergencia de un modo diferente y menor de comprender la naturaleza de los cuerpos y almas de los pequeños productores agrarios. Además, de distinguir un escenario poco recorrido de una etnografía que se pega en el universo de la afectividad para hacer posible emodidactobiografías, encuentro de saberes y otras herramientas innovadoras de un trabajo que apuesta por la “cualidad”, como alternativa posible de otro mundo.
El recorrido investigativo fue realizado por el programa pluriuniversitario “Saberes Rurales Casanareños y Conocimientos Universitarios Lasallistas Integrados”, desarrollado con 20 familias campesinas y un equipo interdisciplinario de investigadores y estudiantes del semillero Sacincol.
Commercial Tobacco Production and Climate Change Adaptation in Mazowe, Zimbabwe
Authors: Newsham Andrew , Shonhe Toendepi , Bvute Tsitsidzashe
Published: October 2021

There has been an increasingly well-documented, rapid rise in tobacco production over the last couple of decades in Mazowe, Zimbabwe, despite growing public health concerns about lung cancer and nicotine’s addictive capacities in the wealthier countries of the West – even affecting the South African market. This has been accompanied by a shift away from its production almost completely on large-scale farms towards predominantly small-scale farms. To date, less consideration has been given to the implications of climate change for tobacco production. Given the hopes that it can make a serious contribution to poverty reduction and food security, it is of increasing importance to understand these implications, to identify the most relevant and/or effective adaptation options and to assess the viability of their successful adoption. This paper presents a fine-grained, qualitative bottom-up analysis of the implications for commercial tobacco production of climate change impacts in Zimbabwe.
How Sanitation and Hygiene Champions Emerged in Siaya County
Authors: Meeuwissen Talia , Chanzu Mable , Aubriot Julie , Kariuki Jimmy , Odhiambo Carolyne , Okumu Hillary , Karichu Peter , Mwende Emmah
Published: October 2021

This case study was developed to inform subsequent research and analysis of local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) in East Africa. Consolidated learning from across the three countries involved can be found in the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) Learning Brief: Strengthening sub-national systems for area-wide sanitation and hygiene. From late 2020 to early 2021, the SLH collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of S&H to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the sanitation sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Three case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda), and Moyo District (Uganda), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The development partners involved were UNICEF in Kenya, WaterAid in Rwanda, and WSSCC/Uganda Sanitation Fund in Uganda. The cases were then analysed through three online workshops facilitated with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to explore them in further detail, review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. Lessons from the workshops are documented in the SLH learning brief mentioned above. This is the case study developed by Siaya County and UNICEF documenting their experiences and reflections from working together to increase prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County, Kenya.
A single session of submaximal grip strength training with or without high-definition anodal-TDCS produces no cross-education of maximal force
Authors: Alibazi Razie J. , Frazer Ashlyn K. , Tallent Jamie , Pearce Alan J. , Hortobágyi Tibor , Kidgell Dawson
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that cross-education of strength may be modulated by increased corticospinal excitability of the ipsilateral primary motor cortex (M1) due to cross-activation. However, no study has examined the influence of bilateral TDCS of both M1 and how it affects corticospinal excitability, cross-activation and cross-education of muscle strength.
METHOD: Twelve participants underwent three conditions in a randomized crossover design: (1) submaximal grip training and single-site unilateral-high definition-TDCS (2) submaximal grip training and bilateral anodal-high definition-TDCS, and (3) submaximal grip training and sham-high definition-TDCS. Submaximal gripping task involved a single-session of unilateral training which was squeezing the transducer at 70% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) grip force and performing four sets of 10 isometric contractions. Anodal-high definition-TDCS was applied for 15 min at 1.5 mA over right M1 or left and right M1s, and in a sham condition. Participants were pseudorandomized to receive either single-site or bilateral M1 stimulation with each session separated by one-week. Before and after each session, MVIC force of ipsilateral and contralateral gripping, ipsilateral stimulus-response curve, short-interval intracortical inhibition, cortical silent period, intracortical facilitation, long-interval intracortical inhibition, and cross-activation were measured.
RESULTS: MVIC of the trained arm decreased by 43% (P=0.04) after training. We observed no changes in MVIC of the untrained hand and in any of the TMS measures (all P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: A single session of submaximal grip training with or without anodal-high definition-TDCS produces no cross-education of maximal grip force nor does it affect the excitability of the ipsilateral M1.
Relationship between Perception of Individual Susceptibility and Barriers to Treatment Action in Scabies Patients
Authors: Revita Elvira , Dayani Dewi Putri , Isfandiari Muhammad Atoillah
Published: October 2021

Background: Scabies is found in crowded residential areas such as orphanages, dormitories, prisons, and Islamic boarding schools. In 2017, it was reported that scabies was among the 15 most common types of skin infections in Sumenep District, which reported 12,229 cases of scabies. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the perception of individual susceptibility and barriers to treatment action in scabies patients at the Nasy’atul Muta’alimin Islamic Boarding School, Sumenep District, East Java. Methods: This research was an observational analytic study using a case-control design. The study population was patients with scabies in Nasy’atul Mutaalimin Islamic Boarding School, Sumenep District, East Java. The sample size was 70 people, consisting of 35 scabies patients who did not seek treatment as a case group and 35 scabies patients who did seek treatment as a control group. The sampling method used was simple random sampling. The two independent variables studied were the perception of individual susceptibility and barriers to treatment, while the dependent variable was treatment measures. The data analysis techniques employed were univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: This study shows that there are variables that have a relationship (p < 0.05) with the perception of individual susceptibility (OR = 99.00 95% CI 17.85 < OR < 548.86) and perceived barriers (OR = 29.00 95%, CI 7.968 < OR < 105.55). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the perception of individual susceptibility and barriers to treatment action in scabies patients.
Diseño y validación de una escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Mamani- Benito Oscar , Landa-Barzola Manuel , Carranza Esteban Renzo Felipe , Elguera-Pajares Ana , Mejia Christian R.
Published: October 2021

Es necesario evaluar los entornos de las clases virtuales que se han generado a causa de la pandemia COVID-19, ante ello, el objetivo fue diseñar y validar una escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales. El estudio es de tipo instrumental, donde la muestra estuvo conformada por 582 universitarios peruanos. La escala estuvo conformada por 10 ítems distribuidos en 2 dimensiones. Para hallar la validez de contenido se consideró el juicio de expertos, para la validez de constructo el análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, y para estimar la confiabilidad el α de Cronbach. Los resultados indican que los ítems recibieron una evaluación favorable (V de Aiken > .70). Los índices de bondad de ajuste fueron satisfactorios (χ2 = 24.204, df = 13; p = .001; RMR = .058; CFI = .931; TLI = .908; GFI = .957; AGFI = .931 y RMSEA = .071), asimismo, la correlación entre el factor 1 y 2 fue significativa (p < 0.05) y la confiabilidad buena (α = .74; IC 95% = .70 – .77). Se concluye que la escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales durante la pandemia COVID-19 es una herramienta breve y cuenta con evidencia de validez y confiabilidad.
Modelo explicativo de la autoeficacia académica: autorregulación de actividades, afecto positivo y personalidad
Authors: Yupanqui-Lorenzo Daniel Edgardo , Mollinedo Flores Fiorella Mariel , Montealegre Echaiz Celeste Aissa
Published: October 2021

La autoeficacia académica es un potente predictor del éxito académico, sin embargo, existen diversos factores que lo predisponen. Debido a ello se propone un modelo explicativo basado en la autorregulación de actividades académicas, afecto positivo y personalidad. Se utilizó regresión lineal múltiple jerárquico para sustentar la propuesta predictiva del modelo. Se utilizaron la Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida Específica de Situaciones Académicas, The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Subescala Autorregulación de actividades de la Escala de Procrastinación Académica, y Mini International Personality Item Pool (MINI-IPIP). Se obtuvieron altas correlaciones en la autorregulación de actividades, afecto positivo y personalidad (extraversión, responsabilidad y apertura) para con la autoeficacia académica. El modelo predictivo final, explicó el 30.1% de la varianza total de la autoeficacia académica. En conclusión, el modelo propuesto mediante revisión de la literatura es un fuerte predictor de la autoeficacia académica, y promueve el desarrollo de creencias auto eficaces.
Automated machine learning structure-composition-property relationships of perovskite materials for energy conversion and storage
Authors: Deng Qin , Lin Bin
Published: October 2021

Perovskite materials are central to the fields of energy conversion and storage, especially for fuel cells. However, they are challenged by overcomplexity, coupled with a strong desire for new materials discovery at high speed and high precision. Herein, we propose a new approach involving a combination of extreme feature engineering and automated machine learning to adaptively learn the structure-composition-property relationships of perovskite oxide materials for energy conversion and storage. Structure-composition-property relationships between stability and other features of perovskites are investigated. Extreme feature engineering is used to construct a great quantity of fresh descriptors, and a crucial subset of 23 descriptors is acquired by sequential forward selection algorithm. The best descriptor for stability of perovskites is determined with linear regression. The results demonstrate a high-efficient and non-priori-knowledge investigation of structure-composition-property relationships for perovskite materials, providing a new road to discover advanced energy materials.
Advancing the agenda for people-centred accountability of the private healthcare sector
Authors: Pawar Kanchan , Shukla Abhay
Published: October 2021

The thematic track on accountability of the private and corporate healthcare sectors during the Community of Practitioners for Accountability and Social Action in Health (COPASAH) Global Symposium aimed to analyse the emergence of the global trend of commercialisation of health systems, and the transition of healthcare from being a public good to a marketable commodity, at the cost of publicly funded healthcare in developing countries. It examined the implications of the lack of state regulation and oversight which has enabled the profit driven private healthcare sector to exploit vulnerable people through overcharging, malpractices and violations of patient’s rights. Finally, the session addressed challenges in advocacy of patients’ rights and showcased effective campaign strategies used by health activists in different countries to promote accountability of the private healthcare sector. Putting together learnings and insights from this track will help in contributing towards a powerful global counter-narrative, while providing activists with the tools to create awareness and engage with this critical issue.
"Appreciating complexities, changing contexts and accountability challenges in sexual and reproductive health rights"
Authors: Contractor Sana
Published: October 2021

Social accountability is fast being recognised as an important strategy for realisation of sexual and reproductive health rights. However, the predominant approach tends to focus on use of top-down monitoring and accountability tools that do not capture the complexity of politics surrounding this deeply contested terrain. This paper draws on discussions that took place at the Community of Practitioners on Accountability and Social Action in Health (COPASAH) Global Symposium in October 2019 where grassroots practitioners shared their experiences of seeking accountability and reflected on the myriad challenges in this process. The paper calls for greater nuance and awareness of context in the design and implementation of social accountability interventions, which engage with power and politics between the forces that determine people’s access to SRH rights.
A Forth Law of Thermodynamics: Synergy Increases Free Energy While Decreasing Entropy
Authors: Jaffe Klaus
Published: October 2021

Synergy, emerges from synchronized reciprocal positive feedback loops between a network of diverse actors. For this process to proceed, compatible information from different sources synchronically coordinates the actions of the actors resulting in a nonlinear increase in the useful work or potential energy the system can manage. In contrast noise is produced when incompatible information is mixed. This synergy produced from the coordination of different agents achieves non-linear gains in free energy and in information (negentropy) that are greater than the sum of the parts. The final product of new synergies is an increase in individual autonomy of an organism that achieves increased emancipation from the environment with increases in productivity, efficiency, capacity for flexibility, self-regulation and self-control of behavior through a synchronized division of ever more specialized labor. Examples that provide quantitative data for this phenomenon are presented. Results show that increases in free energy density require decreases in entropy density. This is proposed as a law of thermodynamics.
A Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis Based on MacLaurin Expansion of the Completed Zeta Function
Authors: Zhang Weicun
Published: October 2021

The basic idea is to expand the completed zeta function $\xi(s)$ in MacLaurin series (infinite polynomial), which can be further expressed as infinite product by conjugate complex roots. Then, according to Lemma 3, Lemma 4, and Lemma 5, the functional equation $\xi(s)=\xi(1-s)$ leads to $(s-\alpha_i)^2 = (1-s-\alpha_i)^2$ with solution $\alpha_i= \frac{1}{2}$, where $\alpha_i$ are the real parts of the zeros of $\xi(s)$, i.e., $s_i =\alpha_i\pm j\beta_i, i\in \mathbb{N}$. Thus a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis is achieved.
Decolonising Terminology – Dance-Music Unity
Authors: Bakka Egil
Published: October 2021

English has become the world language, which on the one side is a blessing for international communication. On the other side, its dominance tends to make large parts of the world rely on only one language for academic work. This impoverishes the conceptual, expressive and epistemological richness available in all the other languages and makes believe that a translation can bring every concept from one language to another. My aim here is to discuss one concrete problem with a missing concept in English; dance and music as a unity. I will test epistemological arguments; why should we keep dance and music apart and why should we unite them under a new term. I then ask why we do not see concepts from other languages as a resource to improve academic terminology in English and other European languages.
The Role of Probiotic Supplementation on Insulin Resistance in Obesity-Associated Diabetes: A Mini-Review
Authors: Saha Seeme , Alam Nazmun Nahar , Rahman S M Niazur
Published: October 2021

Background: Obesity and diabetes are two metabolic disorders linked by an inflammatory process named insulin resistance (IR). Various research on the role of gut microbiota in developing obesity and its associated disorders has led to the growing interest in probiotic supplementation. Considering the life-threatening complications of diabesity this mini-review explored the effects of probiotic supplementation on IR in obesity-associated diabetes. Method: This review is based on recent articles from 2005-2020, studying the role of probiotic supplementation on glucose and insulin parameters in healthy and diabetic mouse models. Result: Probiotic supplementation altered the gut microbiota composition, increased short-chain fatty acid production, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, they decreased intestinal permeability, circulating lipopolysaccharide, and metabolic endotoxemia hence improved insulin sensitivity and reduced obesity. Although multi-strain probiotic supplementation showed greater benefits than single strain interventions, variations in the concentration of probiotics used and the duration of treatment also influenced the results. Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation could manipulate the gut microbiota by reducing intestinal permeability, inflammation and ameliorate IR and obesity-associated diabetes in animal models which requires further long-term clinical studies in humans.
Promise of AI in Defi, A Literary Analysis
Authors: Sadman Nafiz , Rahman Abdur , Gupta Kishor Datta
Published: October 2021

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is an emerging and revolutionizing field with notable uncertainties of reliability to be used on a mass scale. On the other hand, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has proved to be a crucial helping tool in numerous domains. In this study, we present a systematic review of the utility of AI in Defi in terms of impact, reliability, and security and conduct exhaustive analysis. We further conclude from our extensive literature review that we can identify possible new research opportunities in AI to bridge the gap of trust between peers and make the integration of DeFi more agile in the near future.
Predictive Value of Baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT for Response to Systemic Therapy in Patients with Advanced Melanoma
Authors: Liberini Virginia , Rubatto Marco , Mimmo Riccardo , Passera Roberto , Ceci Francesco , Fava Paolo , Tonella Luca , Polverari Giulia , Lesca Adriana , Bellò Marilena , Arena Vincenzo , Ribero Simone , Quaglino Pietro , Deandreis Désirée
Published: October 2021

Background/Aim: To evaluate the association between baseline [18F]FDG-PET/CT tumor burden parameters and disease progression rate after first-line target therapy or immunotherapy in advanced melanoma patients. Materials and Methods: 44 melanoma patients who underwent [18F]FDG-PET/CT before first-line target therapy (28/50) or immunotherapy (16/50) were retrospectively analyzed. Whole-body and per-district metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated. Therapy response was assessed according to RECIST 1.1 on CT scan at 3 (early) and 12 (late) months. PET parameters were compared with Mann-Whitney test. Optimal cut-offs for predicting progression were defined using the ROC curve. PFS and OS were studied using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Median(IQR) MTVwb and TLGwb were 13.1 mL and 72.4 respectively. Non-responders patients were 38/44, 26/28 and 12/16 at early evaluation, and in 33/44, 21/28 and 12/16 at late evaluation in the whole-cohort, target and immunotherapy subgroup respectively. At late evaluation, MTVbone and TLGbone were higher in non-responders compared to responder patients (all p<0.037) in the whole-cohort and target subgroup and also MTVwb and TLGwb (all p<0.022) in target subgroup. No significant differences were found for immunotherapy subgroup. No metabolic parameters were able to predict PFS. Controversy, MTVlfn, TLGlfn, MTVsoft+lfn, TLG-soft+lfn, MTVwb and TLGwb were significantly associated (all p<0.05) with OS in both the whole-cohort and target therapy subgroup. Conclusion: Higher values of whole-body and bone metabolic parameters were correlated with poorer outcome, while higher values of whole-body, lymph node and soft tissue metabolic parameters were correlated with OS.
POLA PERUBAHAN FONEM VOKAL DAN KONSONAN KATA SERAPAN DARI BAHASA JEPANG KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Mellati Riandi , Fachrullah Tb. Ace , Machdalena Susi
Published: October 2021

This research is purposed to determine the pattern of phoneme which changed in Indonesian loanwords which derived from Japanese. This research based on descriptive qualitative analysis method. The data source of this research is article from Kompas news online website which uploaded from January until October 2020. There are 67 data which classified to the pattern of phoneme that changed based on theory of vowels and consonant from Marsono and for Japanese vowels and consonant using theory from Sudjianto and Dahidi. There are 3 patterns of phoneme that changed in Indonesian loanwords which derived from Japanese found from this research: the pattern from one vowel change, the pattern from one vowel and one consonant change, and the pattern from one consonant change. The further research through big data such as corpus based research might be needed to find another variations of this pattern.
Foreign agents in Russia: How a borrowed American legal institute acquired a different sense in Russian legislation and law enforcement practices
Authors: Kondrashev Andrey
Published: October 2021

The article examines the institution of a “foreign agent” that appeared in Russian legislation in 2012. The author, analyzing American legislation, the position of the Venice Commission, the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (hereinafter — the OSCE/ODIHR), the decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, as well as the existing Russian judicial practice, comes to the conclusion that ’misappropriation’ status of a foreign agent by the Ministry of Justice of Russia for non-profit organizations (hereinafter — NPOs) occurs in the absence of clear legal definition of the term “political activity”, does not correlate with the identification of the real connection and activities of NPOs on the order or instruction of a foreign donor, and is actually applied in those cases when it comes to appeals to government agencies, criticism of government agencies or assessment of their decisions. All this indicates that the purpose of the restrictions imposed by the state was by no means a desire to ensure transparency and openness through access to information about foreign financing of non-profit organizations, but rather the purpose was to politically stigmatize and impose additional organizational and financial burdens on NPOs, which dare to criticize the authorities. The author advocates the complete abolition of this institution of a foreign agent, since the pre-existing Russian legislation already made it possible to exercise control over the financing and activities of NPOs. The expansion of the number of types of foreign agents, introduced since December 2019 (first in terms of recognition by media as foreign agents), led by December 2020 to the appearance in Russian legislation of individuals of foreign agents and foreign agents-unregistered public associations and even greater and disproportionate restrictions on the constitutional the right to association. Moreover, the status of a “foreign agent” (in relation to a candidate for an elective office and a candidate affiliated with an acting foreign agent) is supposed to be introduced into the electoral legislation with the obvious goal of political stigmatization of persons trying to exercise their passive electoral right.