bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of specimen quality among the standard suction, slow-pull, and wet suction techniques for EUS-FNA: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Tian-Yin , Cao Ji-Wang , Jin Chen , Ji Yuan , Zhong Liang , Wang Li-Mei , Cui Ning , Di Yang , Bao Yun , Zhong Ning , Zhang Yi-Qun , Zhou Ping-Hong
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives:

Standard suction technique (SST), slow-pull technique (SPT), and wet suction technique (WEST) of EUS-FNA are designed to improve the diagnostic yields of solid and solid-cystic lesions. We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized crossover trial to compare SST, SPT, and WEST on specimen quality and diagnostic accuracy using a 22G needle.

Methods:

Patients with solid or solid-cystic lesions referred for EUS-FNA at four tertiary hospitals from December 2017 to August 2019 were considered eligible. All lesions were sampled using a 22G needle by the three techniques performed consecutively in a randomized order. The primary outcome was quality of the specimen acquired by each technique regarding blood contamination, tissue integrity and cellularity for diagnosis, graded on a predefined scale. The secondary outcomes were the diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA and the incidence of adverse events. ClinicalTrial. gov registration number: NCT03567863.

Results:

A total of 300 patients (mean age, 60.6 years, 188 men) were enrolled. WEST was superior (mean score 4.02 ± 1.51) over SST (3.67 ± 1.57, P = 0.018), but comparable to SPT (3.83 ± 1.55, P = 0.370) in overall specimen quality evaluation. WEST produced better tissue integrity (1.42 ± 0.74) and higher cellularity (1.32 ± 0.80) than SST and SPT. SPT (1.43 ± 0.69) was superior to SST (1.27 ± 0.72, P = 0.004) and WEST (1.28 ± 0.71, P = 0.006) in avoiding blood contamination. WEST achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 74.7%, higher than SST (64.4%, P = 0.007) and SPT (65.0%, P = 0.012). One bleeding event occurred with a pancreatic lesion.

Conclusions:

WEST was comparable to SPT and superior to SST in the overall quality of the specimen and achieved highest diagnostic yield.
Accuracy and clinical outcomes of pancreatic EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy in a consecutive series of 852 specimens
Authors: Thomsen Mikkel Marschall , Larsen Michael Hareskov , Di Caterino Tina , Hedegaard Jensen Gitte , Mortensen Michael Bau , Detlefsen Sönke
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives:

Pancreatic EUS-guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) is increasingly used. Accuracy of EUS-FNB, particularly for benign diseases, utility of additional EUS-FNB if malignancy is suspected but initial diagnosis is inconclusive, and complication rate are not fully elucidated. We evaluated operating characteristics of EUS-FNB overall and for different diagnostic categories, value of additional EUS-FNB if malignancy is suspected but initial diagnosis is inconclusive, and frequency and type of complications.

Methods:

A retrospective tertiary single-center study including 852 consecutive pancreatic SharkCore EUS-FNBs from 723 patients between 2015 and 2020. EUS-FNB diagnoses were applied according to Papanicolaou Society's system and each category was further subcategorized.

Results:

Sufficient tissue cylinders for a histologic diagnosis were obtained in 93.4% (796/852). Accuracy was overall, for malignant, and benign entities 85.6% (confidence interval [CI]: 83.2%–87.9%), 88.3% (CI: 85.9%–90.4%), and 94% (CI: 92.2%–95.5%). Sensitivity and accuracy of EUS-FNB for autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) (n = 15) was 83.3% (CI: 58.6%–96.4%) and 99.2% (CI: 98.3%–99.7%). Of patients in whom malignancy was suspected but initial EUS-FNB diagnosis was inconclusive, 7.3% (53/723) underwent one or two additional EUS-FNBs, and in 54.7% (29/53) of these, a malignant diagnosis was established. The frequency of hospitalization following EUS-FNB was 4.7%, with 0.2% (n = 2) incidents needing active intervention.

Conclusions:

We found a high accuracy of pancreatic EUS-FNB across all diagnostic categories including rare entities, such as AIP. In patients with a clinical suspicion of malignancy, additional EUS-FNB resulted in a conclusive diagnosis in more than half of cases. Complications necessitate hospitalization in almost 5%, but the majority are self-limiting.
Ex vivo comparison of electrocautery-enhanced delivery of lumen-apposing metal stents matching electrosurgical workstations during EUS-guided gallbladder drainage
Authors: Zhang Kai , Ge Nan , Guo Jintao , Wang Sheng , Sun Siyu
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives:

EUS-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has become one of the recommended treatments for patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis. However, the gallbladder reportedly collapsed due to bile leakage, which was a disadvantage that affects the surgical success rate. Different electrocautery-enhanced delivery of the lumen-apposing metal stents (ECE-LAMSs) using suitable power levels in electrosurgical workstations can increase the surgical success rate and reduce trauma. Therefore, we proposed the use of the ECE-LAMSs and electrosurgical workstations for the first time through ex vivo experiments to adjust the different power levels and select the most suitable electrosurgical power for each ECE-LAMS type.

Methods:

We compared three types of ECE-LAMS (9Fr, 10.5Fr, and 10.8Fr) with three types of electrosurgical workstations during EUS-GBD. GBD was simulated ex vivo under the guidance of an ultrasound endoscope. We performed various power tests to elucidate the ideal electric power for different ECE-LAMS combined with the different types of electrosurgical workstations.

Results:

For the 10.8Fr ECE-LAMS matched with the Martin, Erbe, and Olympus electrosurgical workstations, the ideal power levels were 200 W, 200 W, and 250W. For the 10.5Fr and 9Fr ECE-LAMS matched with the Martin, Erbe, and Olympus electrosurgical workstations, the ideal power levels were 150 W, 200 W, and 200 W.

Conclusion:

During the operations, due to low-power levels in the electrosurgical workstations increased the number of cuts, the EUS images were obviously unclear, which affected the success rates of the operations. We suggested different power levels for the different types of LAMS and their matching electrosurgical workstations, which can increase the surgical success rates and reduce surgical injuries.
Decision Making in the Management of Metastatic Spinal Tumors
Authors: Zaveri Gautam
Published: June 2022

The advent of newer systemic therapies has resulted in improved survival of cancer patients. Increased life expectancy necessitates strategies not only for palliation to improve quality of life but also for lasting local control of the spinal metastasis. In patients with a short life expectancy, palliative surgery involves decompression of neural structures by debulking the tumor and spine stabilization followed by conventional external beam radiotherapy (cEBRT). Ablative surgery involves more aggressive tumor resection followed by cEBRT. The introduction of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has challenged traditional paradigms for decision-making further. With SBRT, hitherto radioresistant tumors can also be successfully treated with radiotherapy alone, in selected cases without spinal instability or severe epidural spinal cord compression. Minimally invasive surgical techniques such as percutaneous cement augmentation, percutaneous stabilization, and minimally invasive decompression and tumor resection have further reduced the surgical morbidity, enabling extension of treatment to more sick patients. The eventual decision regarding the treatment strategy is made on a case-by-case basis by a multidisciplinary team along with the patient and his/her family.
Iatrogenic Fracture in a Patient of Ankylosing Spondylitis Planned for Surgical Correction of Chin-on-Chest Deformity
Authors: Basu Saumyajit , Gohil Kushal , Gupta Ashish , Gowtham Jallipalli Ranga Sai , Manikanta Dheeraj , Bandagi Gokul , Biswas Amitava
Published: June 2022

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a progressive systemic chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that causes arthritis of spine and sacroiliac joints and finally results in contracture or bony fusion of these joints. The ankylosed spine has increased propensity to fracture due to rigidity, long lever arms, and osteoporosis. However, iatrogenic fracture occurring in AS patients with chin-on-chest deformity during positioning has not been reported. A 46-year-old male, known case of AS, presented with progressive deformity of neck for the last 6 months due to C5 fracture with C4/5 dislocation. He had chin-on-chest deformity with chin-brow vertical angle of 106o with spastic tetraparesis (mJOA score 6, Nurick grade-3). The patient was put on sustained halo-gravity traction by gradually increasing the weight up to 30 lbs for 4 weeks and then was planned for deformity correction. After intubation and application of same traction, we found anterior wedge opening and fracture through C6/7 disc space. His neurology was found to be same as in the preoperative state on neural monitoring and wake up test. Front and back instrumented fusion was done with anterior bone grafting. Postoperatively, he was maintained on halo-vest immobilization for three months. By the end of first year, the fracture had united well and he was mobilizing well with mJOA score 13 and Nurick grade-1. AS patients are at higher risk of fracture and need utmost care while positioning during surgery. Traction or any corrective maneuver must be done carefully.
Two young patients with extranodal natural killer/T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, nasal-type (ENKTL-NT) masquerading inflammatory processes
Authors: Anggraini Neni , Mahyuddin Mutmainah , Siregar Nurjati Chairani
Published: June 2022

Extranodal natural-killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However, it is common in Asia and South America. ENKTL, nasal type (ENKTL-NT), predominantly presents initial unspecific clinical manifestations involving the nasal cavity and its adjacent structures. We present two cases to increase the awareness of the ENKTL-NT cases masquerading inflammatory processes. Although the main clinical feature is a rapidly progressive facial destruction, none of these patients experienced the mentioned complaint. Its various manifestations frequently lead to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment, particularly in those with marked ocular, not nasal symptoms. Our patients were previously diagnosed with inflammatory conditions, namely sinusitis, idiopathic orbital inflammation, dacryocystitis, and orbital cellulitis. The combined approach of chemotherapy and radiotherapy has been proposed as the treatment of choice. Both cases showed young adults treated with combined therapy, yet showing poor outcomes. Clinicians should be aware of its existence and have to consider ENKTL-NT as one of the differential diagnoses in sinonasal or orbital inflammatory cases with unusually rapid progression or unresponsive to treatment.
Application of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Acupuncture
Authors: Wu Dong , Zhao Yan Ling , Dai Ru Jun , Rong Pei Jing , Wang Yu
Published: June 2022

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a therapeutic method that can produce a range of physiological effects in cells and tissues using certain wavelengths. The reparative benefits of PBM therapy include wound healing, bone regeneration, pain reduction, and the mitigation of inflammation. Advances in the development of laser instruments, including the use of high-intensity lasers in physiotherapy, have recently led to controllable photothermal and photomechanical treatments that enable therapeutic effects to be obtained without damaging tissue. The combination of PBM therapy with acupuncture may provide new perspectives for investigating the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture and promote its widespread application.
L-Tyrosine Metabolic Pathway in Microorganisms and Its Application in the Biosynthesis of Plant-Derived Natural Products
Authors: Zhang Yi-Wen , Nie Feng , Zheng Xiao-Yu , Zhao Shu-Juan
Published: June 2022

L-tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, is an important upstream precursor for the synthesis of a series of valuable natural products such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. In recent years, regulation of the L-tyrosine metabolic pathway has been devoted to enhancing the production of L-tyrosine and the derived bioactive compounds in microorganisms, usually by increasing the supply of precursors, blocking competitive routes, and modulating the transport system. Here, we reviewed the strategies to promote L-tyrosine production in microbial hosts and the common strategies to produce bioactive compounds in engineered Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to better understand and utilize the L-tyrosine metabolic pathway for microbial overproduction of diverse valuable aromatic compounds in the future.
A comprehensive approach to geometric simplexes
Authors: Mohammed, Mari , Obeng-Denteh, William , Asante-Mensa Fred
Published: June 2022

This paper is an expository research to simplexes. The work focuses on how simplexes are created. It also looked at how complete graphs are treated as simplexes. We further present an important theorem and its proof.
The Iberian-Tartessian semi-syllabary: possible evolution from Lineal Megalithic/Paleolithic Scripts and the Mother Goddess Religion
Authors: Arnaiz-Villena Antonio , Palacio-Gruber José , Ruiz-del-Valle Valentín , Heras-Garcia Alba , Molina-Alejandre Marta , Suarez-Trujillo Fabio
Published: June 2022

Paleolithic/Neolithic (Megalithic) Lineal Scripts have been found in big or small rocks with or without megalithic context. Huelva (South West Spain) megalithic rocks presented engraved signs apparently contained in the Iberian-Tartessian semi-syllabary and this region is in the core of Tartessian civilization. Iberian-Tartessian scripts have been found in South West Algeria, Canary Islands and Iberia. The genesis of this type of writing may have more ancient roots than established (1st Century BC) as Strabo stated that it may be thousands of years older. The finding of the same Iberian-Tartessian signs within such a big geographic area supports that demic diffusion substitution either from East Mediterranean or Russian steppes is not found in Iberia according to physical anthropology traits and also genetic studies from different research groups from different countries: Iberians, North Africans and Canary Islanders are genetically close supporting prehistorical contacts also sustained by Sahara Desert rapid desiccation followed by people migration. On the other hand, it is difficult to understand Paleolithic /Neolithic-Megalithic Lineal rock inscriptions continuity in such a long period without a known language, considered identical or related to Iberian, or political unit unless Basque language, or similar one, was present in Paleolithic time, as suggested by some authors. Paleolithic Lineal scripts have also been found in Java (Indonesia) and South Africa. It is feasible that worldwide Mother Goddess religion which extended since Paleolithic to Neolithic/Megalithic times may be the one common certain and documented character available to blame of such a surprising unity and continuity of rock lineal engravings.
Isolation of pentacyclic triterpene, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of root bark of Irvingia gabonesis Baill. (Irvingiaceae)
Authors: Nuhu Aliyu , Abdurahman Ezzeldin M , Danmalam Umar H , Kawu Muhammed U , Adebayo Sadam A , Bashir Musa
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potentials of the ethanol extract and fractions of Irvingia gabonensis root bark in order to establish the scientific basis and rationale for its folkloric use. The powdered root bark of I. gabonensis was macerated with 70% ethanol and then partitioned with different solvents based on their polarity to afford 4 fractions. The extract and fractions were subjected to phytochemical analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay. The quantitative phytochemical determination showed that ethyl acetate fraction of I. gabonensis root bark (EFIGR) had the highest content of tannins (154.44 mg/GAE g), phenol (106.26 mg/GAE g and flavonoid (76.07 mg/QE g). The in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract and the fractions had IC50 values of 76.0±0.03, 27.0± 0.05, 39.0±0.07 and 28.0±0.10 μg/mL for Ethanol extract, EFIGR, Butanol fraction and Aqueous fraction respectively while the standard had 29.0±0.03 μg/mL.Further fractionation of EFIGR led to the isolation of hederagenin which was characterized using 1D-NMR and mass spectrometric data. The present study revealed that root bark of I. gabonensis is a potential sourceof natural antioxidant which justified its uses in the traditional medicine.
Psiadia punctulata (DC.) Vatke induces cell apoptosis in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells
Authors: Abutaha Nael , Almalki Ahmed , Mekhlafi Fahd AL- , Al-Keridis Lamya Ahmed , Mohamed Rania Ali El Hadi , Wadaan Muhammad A
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study assessed the in vitro cell migration inhibitory and cell apoptotic effects of P. punctulata stem (PPS (and leaf hexane) PPL (extracts on breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 andMCF-7 cells).Methods: Cytotoxicity was quantified using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) release test after 48 h exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to 0 – 200 μg/mL of PPS and PPL hexane extract. Cell apoptosis was determined using Muse™ cell cytometry, while the phytoconstituents of PPS and PPL hexane extracts were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.Results: The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for PPS and PPL hexane extracts against MDA-MB-231 cells was 44.33 and 52.16 μg/mL, respectively. T, whereas the IC50 of PPS and PPL hexane extracts was 102.22 and 59.53 μg/mL against MCF-7 cells, sequentially. Treatment with 100 and 200 μg/mL of PPS and PPL hexane extract increased late apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells to 16.005 ± 1.155 and 52.58 ± 3.02 %, respectively, for PPS hexane extract and 77.34 ± 0 % and 95.21 ± 1.61 %, respectively, for PPL hexane extract, when compared to control cells (3.81% ± 0.79%). PPL hexane extract decreased cell migration and filled ~15.5 % of the wound gap on MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 h, while PPS hexane extract decreased cell migration by ~35 and ~42.5 % at 24 and 48 h, respectively. PPS and PPL hexane extracts contained several phytocompounds. Stem and leaf extracts of P. punctulata showed significant (p < 0.05) cell apoptotic and migration inhibition activities.Conclusion: The extracts P. punctulata exhibit potent cytotoxic activity against the tested breast cancer cells. Further research is required to assess the acute and subacute toxicity of the extracts.
Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Synsepalum dulcificum seeds
Authors: Nkwocha Chinelo Chinenye , Ekeanyanwu Raphael Chukwuma , Okagu Innocent Uzochukwu
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the nutritional (proximate, mineral, vitamin) and antinutritional compositions of Synsepalumdulcificum seeds.Method: proximate, mineral, vitamin and antinutritional compositions were evaluated inSynsepalum dulcificum seeds using standard procedures.Results: Proximate composition of the seeds showed moisture content (44.30 ± 0.26%), ash (1.44 ± 0.14%), crude fat (1.33 ± 0.58%), crude fibre (1.30 ± 0.26%), protein (12.32 ± 0.10%) and carbohydrates (39.31 ± 0.57%). Mineral analysis of the seeds showed the presence of some elements such as potassium, sodium, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, and iron. Result of the vitamin analysis showed that the seeds contain vitamin C (4.84 ± 0.95mg/g), vitamin A (3.02 ± 0.47 mg/g) and vitamin E (0.47± 0.01mg/g). The antinutritional parameters analyzed were oxalate (8.42 ± 1.63%), phytate (4.57 ± 0.48%) and hemagglutinin (3.74 ± 0.01%).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that S. dulcificum seeds have appreciable nutritional contents (such as protein, minerals and vitamins) that are of immense health benefits and low antinutrient content. Further studies aimed at the utilization of this seed in human and livestock nutrition is warranted.
Molecular characterization of selected nasal isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from healthy students of a tertiary institution
Authors: Anie Clement Oliseloke , Ibezim Emmanuel Chinedum , Esimone Charles Okechukwu , Arhewoh Matthew Ikhuoria
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To investigate the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carry out molecular characterization in selected nasal isolates from healthy students in Abraka, Nigeria.Methods: Three hundred (300) samples were obtained from apparently healthy 150 female and 150 male students and were cultured in suitable media for identification. The MRSA were detected by means of oxacillin antibiotic sensitivity disk. Antibiotics susceptibility pattern of MRSA isolates was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. Tests were carried out to determine the presence of penicillin binding protein2a (PBP2a). Molecular characterization of twenty (20) MRSA representatives was done to establish the existence of the mecA genes among the isolates.Results: The incidence of MRSA colonization amongst apparently healthy students in the community was 68 (22.7 %). The sensitivity pattern was: amoxicillin, 40 (58.8 %); amoxicillin/clavulanate, 15 (22.1 %); chloramphenicol, 15 (22.1 %); ciprofloxacin, 19 (27.9 %); co-trimoxazole, 9 (13.2 %); gentamicin, 9 (13.2 %); ofloxacin, 8 (11.1 %); and streptomycin, 30 (44.1 %). All the twenty (20) isolates subjected to molecular characterization possessed penicillin binding protein2a (PBP2a) while only one possessed the mecA gene.Conclusion: The MRSA is present among healthy individuals in Abraka, Delta State. It is also possible not to detect the existence of the mecA gene even when penicillin binding protein2a is present. Since most of the MRSA isolates are multi-drug resistant, there is a tendency for clinical antibiotic therapy failure in this area.
Vitamin D mitigates atherosclerosis risk in TNF-α-induced endothelial cells
Authors: Önal Burak , Alaylıoğlu Merve , Dursun Erdinç , Gezen-Ak Duygu
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To determine the effect of vitamin D on endothelial function in a cell line model of inflammation.Methods: Human saphenous vein cells were treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-OHD) and/or TNF-α, and the expression levels of 20 different atherosclerotic cytokines were examined in the treated cells using a human atherosclerosis antibody array. The STRING and PANTHER analyses were also performed to determine the possible pathway interactions of these four pro-atherosclerotic and two antiatherosclerotic cytokines.Results: The expression levels of pro-atherosclerotic cytokines GM-CSF, CCL20, CCL5, and TNF-α decreased upon 1,25-OHD administration, whereas those of anti-atherosclerotic cytokines PDGFB and TGF-β3 increased.Conclusion: Vitamin D could mitigate cardiovascular risks by mediating the expression of inflammatory cytokines; however, this needs to be verified via in vivo studies.
Retracted: MiR-10b alleviates high glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cell injury by regulating TIAM1 signaling
Authors: Chen Yaohua , Zhu Yanqing , Zhao Sheng
Published: June 2022

This article previously published in Volume 19 Issue 8 of this journal in August 2020 has been retracted in line with the guidelines from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publication ethics.org/resources/guidelines).Retraction: Chen Y, Zhu Y, Zhao S. MiR-10b alleviates high glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cell injury by regulating TIAM1 signaling. Trop J Pharm Res, 2020, 19(8): 1577-1583.To the editor:I am retracting this article because some of the results we presented are irreproducible.Signed: Sheng Zhao
Big data
Authors: Kalanj Karolina , Orešković Stjepan , Tkaličanac Maja , Memed Luka , Vajagić Maja
Published: June 2022

Povećanje učinkovitosti i uspostavljanje financijske održivosti bolničkog zdravstvenog sustava u Republici Hrvatskoj temeljne su odrednice Nacionalnog plana razvoja bolnica. Cilj je rada prikazati aktivnosti bolničke mreže u Republici Hrvatskoj između 2017. i 2021. godine u odnosu na specifične modele plaćanja zdravstvenih usluga i zahtjeve za bolničkim uslugama na temelju tipa upućivanja. Potencijal sekundarne upotrebe prikupljenih podataka za unapređenje efikasnosti i kvalitete bolničkog zdravstvenog sustava analiziran je na temelju podataka za pet specifičnih indikatora. Istraživanje je retrospektivno, a analizom su obuhvaćeni podaci iz baze računa Hrvatskog zavoda za zdravstveno osiguranje. Odabrani vremenski okvir kvantificirao je smanjenje aktivnosti bolnica za sve aspekte liječenja tijekom trajanja COVID-19 pandemije uz manje zahtjeva za bolničkim uslugama na temelju upućivanja iz primarne zdravstvene zaštite. Specifičnost i upotrebljivost dostupnih podataka u reformi bolničkog zdravstvenog sustava nužno je iskoristiti za izgradnju analitičkih alata koji će određivati ne samo smjer razvoja mreže bolnica, već i cjelokupnog zdravstvenog sustava u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Note pentru o reinterpretare a binomului burnout-didactogenie
Authors: Șleahtițchi Mihai
Published: June 2022

Exerting a disastrous impact on the teaching-learning process, the burnout fits perfectly into the image of an undertaker of good school intentions. Characteristic of teachers who are overly constrained by the high workload or lack of appreciation for their efforts, unreasonable favoring of other colleagues or lack of communication and support from superiors, lack of hours needed for rest or lack of hours set aside for family, fun and relaxation, the addressed phenomenon, through its own specific symptoms (physical exhaustion, decreased professional performance, decreased ability to dialogue and interact with others, emptiness, emotional lability, cynicism, anger, aggression, etc.), can induce in all those attending the school in order to gain knowledge and practical skills multiple states of pathological expression (anxiety and mutism, frustration and depression, confusion and panic, demotivation and absenteeism, headaches and intestinal disorders, dizziness and hormonal disorders, palpitations and hypertension), putting at risk not only their health but also their lives. From the moment it is invaded by burnout, the school actually ceases to correspond to the image created for it, over time, by the most enlightened minds of mankind; or, in such a context, one can no longer say that it really is an institution that «must have a real knowledge of itself, an accurate knowledge of the outside world and the inner world of the student, in order to achieve a union between them», a place where it will not be allowed «to repress the nature of the child and to superimpose the nature of the adult», a form of social organization of interindividual relations that seeks «to make the spirit, in other words the heart, the intuition, the reason and the will predominate in their qualitative essence» and/or a field with vast relational networks through which «the adult generations, having the necessary training, provoke and develop in students a certain number of physical, intellectual and moral states, demanded by both the political society as a whole, as well as the special environment for which it is especially intended».
Bimbingan Teknik (Bimtek) Penyusunan Program Pembangunan Desa dalam Pemanfaatan Dana Alokasi Desa (ADD) Pada Aparat Desa di Desa Annduna Kecamatan Laeya Kabupaten Konawe Selatan
Authors: Suhri Kasim Syaifudin , Upe Ambo , Juhaepa  , A. Tawulo Megawati , Basri Muhammad , Asriani
Published: June 2022

There are still several problems in the implementation of Village Fund Allocation (ADD) assistance in Anduna Village, Laeya District. In reality, not all of the sources of revenue from ADD and Village Original Income make a real contribution to village finances. Problems in the implementation of village fund allocations are found in the ability of village heads, elements of village government, and community institutions in the village in preparing village development programs related to the use of funds sourced from the Village Fund Allocation (ADD) so that many programs are carried out not under the needs of the community. Causing the results of the program to be not utilized by the community according to its designation. Through the community service team counseling program from the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, implementing technical guidance to village heads and their officers as a solution to solving village government problems in managing Village Fund Allocations (ADD).
Pelatihan Peduli Kebersihan Lingkungan Secara Berkelanjutan di Kelurahan Wawanggu Kecamatan Kadia Kota Kendari
Authors: Tanzil  , Peribadi  , Bauto La Ode Monto , Rusli Muhammad , Sarmadan  , Umran Laode Muh.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this community service activity is to increase public knowledge about the causes of unclean environmental problems in urban areas and to make efforts to prevent various problems related to environmental hygiene problems. The implementation of this service is carried out in two stages; first counseling/training. In the first stage, the instructor provides lessons to the trainees. The trainer encourages all participants to raise various environmental hygiene issues in their area. Furthermore, the trainer interacts directly with the residents to understand the problems they are facing. In this service, a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was also held with government officials and community leaders in the Wawanggu village. With this activity, community groups that care about the realization of environmental cleanliness have been carried out. These community groups are trained to handle various environmental hygiene issues, for example using waste into a product that has economic value. This activity is integrated with the Work Program of the Neighborhood Association (RT) in the service activity area so that there is mutual strengthening between community members and village government officials.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Literasi Melalui Budaya Baca dan Pengembangan Karakter di Dusun Coci Desa Banua Adolang Kecamatan Pamboang Kabupaten Majene Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Saputra Aco Nata , Aziz R. Muhammad Tanzil , Novitasari Ika , Amiruddin Ahmad
Published: June 2022

A person's literacy level can be assessed through personal characteristics which are horizontally very closely related. A person's insight, mentality, and behavior are strongly influenced by interests and tendencies in reading books. Since 75 years of Indonesia's independence, the literacy rate in Indonesia is still in the low category. This is strongly influenced by various factors, one of which is the availability of reading materials and literacy facilities. This problem should not be allowed to drag on, it needs serious attention from the government, academics, and education leaders. The discourse on improving reading culture has become a central issue in developing the human resource capacity to produce Indonesian people with character. The development of Indonesian human character is highly dependent on reading culture. The attachment between reading culture and the development of Indonesian human character is expected to have implications for the quality of advanced and modern Indonesian people.
Pengenalan dan Bimbingan Teknis Penggunaan Alat-Alat Ukur Keteknikan di SMK Negeri 2 Kendari
Authors: Aminur  , La Hasanudin  , Sudia Budiman , Sisworo Raden Rinova , Endriatno Nanang , Yurnidasyah Citra
Published: June 2022

Technological advances in measuring instruments provide convenience in carrying out the work of measuring an object. But on the other hand, these advances require skilled operators so that they can be applied to the object being measured. The purpose of this service activity is to increase the knowledge of teachers and students in recognizing various measuring tools to increase their competence in the use of measuring tools. The method of implementing the activity uses an approach to theoretical exposure, direct demonstration and practice, discussions, and questions and answers that are directly related to measuring instruments including solar power meters, viscometers, micrometers, thermometers, tachometers, torques, welding gauges, dial indicators, and anemometers. The results achieved from the implementation of this community service activity, teachers and students gain knowledge of various types of measuring instruments and how to apply them to various objects being measured.
Pengenalan Aplikasi Pengecoran Logam Berbahan Dasar Sampah Kemasan Kaleng Untuk Pembuatan Produk Wajan Bagi Masyarakat Kota Kendari
Authors: Sudia Budiman , Aminur  , Sisworo Raden Rinova , Balaka Ridway , Yurnidarsyah Citra , Sudarsono  , Samhuddin  , La Hasanudin
Published: June 2022

One of the classic problems that are difficult to overcome in urban life is environmental problems where waste is not handled properly, especially inorganic waste. Currently, the largest contributor to waste after organic waste is inorganic waste in the form of canned waste. The use of aluminum as a packaging material is due to its being lightweight, easy to shape, and does not endanger human health. On that basis, its use as packaging is widespread which also triggers the forerunner of the waste problem in people's lives. Aluminum waste will be a source of income for the community if it is handled properly by involving waste processing technology in the form of recycling technology through metal smelting or casting. This service program aims to introduce metal casting applications made from canned waste into frying pan products for the community in Lepo-Lepo, Kendari City. The activity stages include: socializing the introduction of aluminum-based cans of packaging waste and the practice of smelting aluminum cans in a crucible furnace and pouring molten metal into molds. The implementation of this service activity can raise awareness of participants to be able to process waste, especially aluminum can packaging into frying pan products, and create new jobs to improve the welfare of the local community.
ANÁLISE CROMATOGRÁFICA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL EXTRAÍDO DA CANELA COMERCIAL
Authors: Mestre Botelho Ana Beatriz , Medrado Araujo Rayssa
Published: June 2022

A canela é um produto bastante versátil. Pode ser usada na culinária como tempero e ou na área medicinal devido às suas propriedades antimicrobianas e antifúngicas, conferidas pelo seu composto ativo, o cinamaldeído. O óleo essencial da canela reflete as mesmas propriedades organolépticas e medicinais da planta. O presente trabalho aborda a análise por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD) do óleo essencial extraído da canela comercial. Para o procedimento, foram utilizadas as canelas em pau e em pó. O método escolhido para extração foi a destilação por arraste à vapor, seguida de uma extração líquido-líquido. Na cromatografia em camada delgada, foram utilizadas placas de alumina como fase estacionária e três solventes de polaridades distintas como fases móveis: hexano, clorofórmio e etanol. A distância percorrida pela amostra foi maior com o etanol, seguido do clorofórmio. Com o hexano, o óleo essencial não saiu do ponto de aplicação. Isso se deve ao composto majoritário da canela comercial, cinamaldeído, que possui uma parte polar e, por isso, interage mais fortemente com solventes polares, clorofórmio e etanol. Quando utilizado um solvente pouco polar como o hexano, as interações são muito fracas, pois ocorrem por meio de ligações dipolo permanente-dipolo induzido. Por isso, a amostra permanece adsorvida na fase estacionária, que é polar. Dessa forma, é possível perceber que o óleo essencial da canela comercial apresenta polaridade expressiva, o que se deve ao cinamaldeído, que reflete as suas características químicas no óleo.
ANÁLISE DE EMISSÕES DE GASES DE EFEITO ESTUFA NO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO DE CURITIBA: ÔNIBUS HÍBRIDOS BRASILEIROS E SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Correa da Silva Maclovia , Dullius Alexandre , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Xavier de Oliveira Erick Renan
Published: June 2022

O modo transporte público é um dos principais contribuintes para o aumento da emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GGEs). Esta pesquisa destaca a importância estratégica das tecnologias renováveis no transporte público de ônibus na cidade de Curitiba, sul do Brasil. O país assinou a primeira Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças Climáticas em 1992, e Curitiba apoiou essa visão de sustentabilidade desde anos 1970, quando a Prefeitura criou corredores exclusivos de ônibus e uma rede integrada de transporte. Na cidade de Curitiba, em 2012, houve a inclusão de 30 chamados "ônibus híbridos" (hibribus) na frota de transporte público da cidade com motor elétrico e motor de biodiesel, operando com diesel e combustível de biodiesel. O documento apresenta um inventário de GGEs comparando emissões de 30 ônibus com tecnologia híbrida (biocombustível e hidrelétrica) e ônibus a diesel. Comparar parâmetros entre os três tipos de ônibus de combustível mostrou que tais ações de melhoria da cidade de Curitiba poderiam enfrentar o problema dos aspectos ambientais relacionados ao baixo nível de emissões, mudanças climáticas, contribuindo para a redução das emissões de combustível, recuperando princípios de sustentabilidade urbana, equidade e mitigação dos riscos à saúde. As ações de mitigação voluntária e política aumentam a confiança na resposta multilateral dos objetivos internacionais de desenvolvimento sustentável.
Trap Trees for Control of Dutch Elm Disease
Authors: Lanier Gerald
Published: June 2022

Diseased or unwanted elms treated with cacodylic acid or monosodium methylarsonate (MSMA) by injection or topical application to axe or chain saw cuts are colonized by elm bark beetles, but herbicide-induced drying of the bark suppresses brood production. Treated trees need not be removed for the sake of Dutch elm disease (DED) control and their wood can be utilized for fuel and other purposes. Experimental and operational applications of this technique have been followed by reduced rates of DED infection. Time required to treat a tree averages about 15 min and per tree cost of materials ranges from a few cents to about $10. A one or two person crew working full time during the growing season can apply the trap tree technique to all diseased trees in a population of about 100,000 elms.
West African Postgraduate College of Medical Laboratory Science Advisory Position Paper on Covid-19 Testing and Containment in Ecowas Region
Authors: Adu-Gyasi Dennis
Published: June 2022

Obviously, medical laboratory testing remains one of the tools successfully used in managing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic globally. Due to the novel nature of the virus responsible for COVID-19, many countries adopted their own approaches to mitigate the impact the pandemic was having on the respective countries. The West Africa Postgraduate College of Medical Laboratory Science in contributing to managing the situation set up an ad-hoc committee to review and advise on acceptable diagnostics approaches that could be used in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The committee of experts reviewed the scientific and professional approaches that could be used to test for COVID-19 to identify cases for isolation, treatment, management, and subsequent control of transmission. Again, the committee made recommendations of what method should be used depending on the objective one seeks to achieve not neglecting patient safety.
MENGEMBANGKAN MEDIA VISUAL SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN TEACHNG SKILL DI SD/MI DENGAN METODE MICROTEACHING PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PGMI
Authors: Mutmainnah Siti Nafsul , Safitri Endang , Mufid Abdul
Published: June 2022

This study discusses the effectiveness of media visual learning as an effort to improve the teaching ability of candidates Elementary School/Madrasah Ibtida'iah teacher. Because the media can encourage and Motivate students so that they can provide solutions to problems in learning. The direct learning approach is an approach that used in this study, where researchers can directly practice in delivering the material and learning objectives. This close has features structured so as to provide a teaching experience to explore the ability of prospective teaching students, in addition to the learning approach directly, researchers can find problems that may occur in class. The method used in this research is the microteaching method. This study is presented in a qualitative form from the results of observations and interview. From these approaches and methods applied to students Madrasah Ibtida'iyah Teacher Education Study Program at STAI Khozinatul Ulum Blora. It can be concluded that in order to improve students' teaching skills, prospective elementary school teachers using the microteaching method can provide a real picture as a reference to become a competent teacher candidate and professional.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA KAHOOT TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 12 BINJAI
Authors: Lestari Fitri , Masitah Widya
Published: June 2022

The problem in this study are the low learning motivation of students in the learning process using kahoot media, the lackof implementation of Islamic religious education learning using kahoot media and what is the effect of using kahoot media on student learning motivation.
This study aims to determine the motivation to learn by usin kahoot media, to determine the implementation of Islamic religious education learning by using kahoot media and to determine the effect of using kahoot media on student’s learning motivation. This research was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 12 Binjai which is located at JL. K.H A. Dahlan No.4, Kartini, kec. Binjai City, Binjai City, North Sumatera 20713. The population in this study was all class VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 12 Binjai, amounting to 34 people. With a total sampling research sampel, namely the entire population as a sampel. There is a difference in the average value between the class before using the media (48.73529) and the class after using the media (53.06897) it can be seen that the average value in the class before using the media (53.06897>48.73529). then from the t test result obtained from t count t table ie 21,332 > 2,036933. It can be concluded that there is an effect of using kahoot media on student’ learning motivations in Islamic religious education subject at SMP Muhammadiyah 12 Binjai.
PEMANFAATAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE TIPE MAKE A MATCH PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIKIH DI MTS FASTABIQUL KHAIRAT
Authors: Lestari Eliana Ayu
Published: June 2022

This study discusses the use of the make a match type of cooperative learning model in fiqh subjects at MTs Fastabiqul Khairat. This study aims to determine the level of conceptual understanding and creative thingking of student by applying the make  a make type cooperative learning model. How is the implementation of the make a make type cooperative learning model at MTs Fastabiqul Khairat? This research use a descriptive method. With the subject 20 students taken from class VII A using the make a match learning model and VII B using conventional learning model, each subject will be interviewed to obtain information about the make a make type cooperative learning model in fiqh subjects at MTs Fastabiqul Khairat. This research was conducted form January to march. Form the result of the use of the make a match type cooperative learning  model in fiqh subjects at MTs Fastabiqul Khairat, it can be seen that students will be happy to learn if a teacher is able to create a pleasant classroom atmosphere, using non-conventional learning models.
Melatonin for the Treatment of Insomnia in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Tran Khai , Mahood Quenby
Published: June 2022

There is some evidence of benefit of melatonin compared with placebo for the short-term treatment of insomnia in children and adolescents with neurodisabilities.

The short-term safety profile of melatonin suggested that it was well-tolerated, although some severe adverse events may occur. There was a lack of long-term safety data.

The American Academy of Neurology guideline recommends high-grade melatonin should be prescribed for treatment of sleep disturbance in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder if first-line treatment with behavioural strategies is not helpful.

Evidence comparing the clinical effectiveness of melatonin with prescription sedatives for the treatment of insomnia in children and adolescents was not identified.

No evidence was found regarding the cost-effectiveness of melatonin compared with placebo or prescription sedatives for the treatment of insomnia in children and adolescents.
How do differences in interpreting seismic images affect estimates of geological slip rates? An example of a shear fault-bend fold
Authors: Hu Wan-Lin
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Uncertainties of geological structural geometry constructed based on seismic reflections can stem from data acquisition, processing, analysis, or interpretation. Especially uncertainties arising from structural interpretations and subsequent estimates of geological slip have been little quantified and discussed. To illustrate the implications of interpretation uncertainties for seismic potential and structural evolution, I use an example of a shear fault-bend fold in the Central Himalaya. I apply a simple solution from the kinematic model of shear fault-bend folding to resolve the geological slip, and then compare the result with a previous study to show how differences in structural interpretations could impact dependent conclusions. The findings show that only a little variance in interpretations owing to subjectivity and an unclear seismic image could yield geological slip rates differing by up to ~10 mm/yr, resulting in significantly different scenarios of seismic potential. To reduce unavoidable subjectivity, this study also suggests that the epistemic uncertainty in raw data should be included in interpretations and conclusions.
Forecasting green roof detention performance by temporal downscaling of precipitation time-series projections
Authors: Pons Vincent , Benestad Rasmus , Sivertsen Edvard , Muthanna Tone Merete , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc
Published: June 2022

Abstract. A strategy to evaluate the suitability of different multiplicative random cascades to produce rainfall time series, taking into account climate change, inputs for green infrastructures models. The multiplicative random cascades reproduce a (multi)fractal distribution of precipitation through an iterative and multiplicative random process. In the current study, the initial model, a flexible cascade that deviates from multifractal scale invariance, was improved with (i) a temperature dependency and (ii) an additional function to reproduce the temporal structure of rainfall. The structure of the models with depth and temperature dependency was found to be applicable in eight locations studied across Norway and France. The resulting time series from both reference period and projection based on RCP 8.5 were applied to two green roofs with different properties. The different models led to a slight change in the performance of green roofs, but this was not significant compared to the range of outcomes due to ensemble uncertainty in climate modelling and the stochastic uncertainty due to the nature of the process. The hydrological dampening effect of the green infrastructure was found to decrease in most of the Norwegian cities due to an increase in precipitation, especially Bergen (Norway), while slightly increasing in Marseille (France) due to decrease in rainfall event frequency.