bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teamwork in the preparation of a foreign language description of an artistic image as a means of forming a connection between the linguistic and discursive components of foreign language communicative competence
Authors: Dashkina Alexandra I.
Published: March 2023

Definitions of linguistic and discursive components of foreign language communicative competence are given, and the problem of forming a connection between them is analyzed. The principle of relying on visibility and group work as means to help students to activate their knowledge in the process of speech communication are considered. The order of description of the image has been developed, as well as the criteria for evaluating the monologue description have been determined. An experiment was conducted during which students prepared a monologue description of an image based on reference vocabulary and grammar as a homework assignment. The control groups performed the task independently, while the experimental groups worked in teams of 3 people on a remote platform, conducting discussions in English. At the next classroom lesson, monologues were checked in the frontal mode. At the beginning of the experiment, a diagnostic monologue was conducted a description of the image. The average point scored by students was approximately the same in all groups. At the end of the experiment, the students delivered a final monologue-description in the same format. The average point in the experimental groups was higher, because in the process of working in teams, students conducted discussions in English, receiving additional conversational practice. Since each participant contributed to the compilation of the monologue, there was an interchange of knowledge and ideas. In the psychologically comfortable atmosphere of small groups, students felt more at ease and participated in the discussion without fear of making a mistake. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the compilation of a monologue description based on the reference vocabulary in the conditions of group work contributes to the formation of a connection between the linguistic and discursive components of foreign language communicative competence.
Logics. Mathematics. Rationalism: From Parmenides to Heraclitus
Authors: Voytsekhovich Vyacheslav Emerikovich , Malinetskii Georgii Gennadyevich
Published: March 2023

The modern crisis of scientific knowledge is manifested in the overdifferentiation of knowledge, the loss of a unified picture of the world, dead ends in the development of various sciences. A way out of the crisis is possible when scientists master the synergetic style of thinking, i.e. thinking in “moving thought forms”. The paradigm of Parmenides, accepted in scientific thinking, is gradually being replaced by the paradigm of Heraclitus. The thesis “The One is essentially motionless” is replaced by the thesis “Everything is movement”. The new rationalism will require a revision of many outdated traditions of scientific knowledge. We consider these problems in the context of the development of logic and applied mathematics. Applied mathematics and its transformation into an industry of strategic importance are playing a key role in changing the paradigm of science.
Example of the object detection problem solving using neural network technologies
Authors: Vlasov Sergei Olegovich , Glasyshev Anatoliy Ivanovich , Boguslavskiy Andrey Alexandrovich , Sokolov Sergey Mikhailovich
Published: March 2023

The technique of using neural networks based on the open TensorFlow library is considered. The applied models were previously trained for classification and object detection on open datasets. The problem of detecting the target of the docking unit of the International Space Station is considered. The technique for the pre-trained neural networks using is described in details. The preprint can be used as a tutorial for students studying the design and application of visual data processing algorithms based on neural network methods.
Solution of convection-diffusion equations by local discontinuous Galerkin method
Authors: Khaytaliev Ismatolo Ramazanovich , Shilnikov Evgeny Vladimirovich
Published: March 2023

In the work, the discontinuous Galerkin method (LDG) is applied to solving linear and nonlinear convection-diffusion problems. The idea of this method is to transform high-order equations into a system of first-order equations, and then apply the classical discontinuous Galerkin method (DG) to this system. An orthogonal system of Legendre polynomials is chosen as the system of basis functions. The cases of both continuous and discontinuous solutions of the problem are considered. The dependence of the accuracy and stability of the method on the step of the spatial grid and the number of basis functions is investigated. The application of parallel computing to the algorithm is investigated. In the future, it is proposed to apply the LRG method for solving the problems of modeling gas mixtures flows.
Fermentation Effect of Cacao Beans Originate from Jember on Polyphenol-Flavonoid Content and Radical Scavenging Activity
Authors: Agustriana Eva , Valentino Herly Angga , Rahmani Nanik , Nuryati Nuryati , Firmanto Hendy , Rachmayati Rike , Yulianti Siti Eka , Nuryana Isa , Yopi Yopi , Lisdiyanti Puspita
Published: March 2023

Cacao is attractive for its flavor and taste and its beneficial effects. Therefore, this commodity is promising to be developed as a functional food. Many studies reported the bioactive compounds in cacao beans and their health benefits. However, to attain desirable flavor and taste, the curing process of cacao beans is a common practice, in which fermentation is one of the processes. Despite its significance, fermentation also alters the bioactive components in cacao beans. To develop a functional food rich in bioactive compounds, measuring the bioactive contents of treated and untreated cacao beans is desired. For that reason, in this study, the analysis of total polyphenol, flavonoid, catechin, and epicatechin, as well as the radical scavenging activity of fermented cacao beans, was performed. The study revealed that fermentation negatively affected all parameters. Cacao beans fermentation up to 96 h resulted in the loss of 54% of total polyphenol, 77% of total flavonoid, and 56% of radical scavenging activity. Determination of the flavan-3-ol components, catechin, and epicatechin,  revealed that they were reduced as the fermentation occurred.
A Review of Aalborg University’s Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ruan Lulu
Published: March 2023

This paper introduces Aalborg University's "problem-based, project-oriented" PBL education model, analyzes Aalborg University's five departments, campus services and innovation, and gives examples of Aalborg University's activities in the research, teaching, management and operation of 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Aalborg University's experience shows that sustainability should become a core part of the university's activities and become a mission-oriented university that fulfils the three major functions of talent cultivation, scientific research and social services and contributes to the sustainable development of the environment, society and economy of the world.
Democracia em transformação: apontamentos sobre a reconfiguração dos elementos da democracia ante os influxos dos modelos participativos
Authors: Pessoa Robertônio Santos , Santos Helannha Francisca Nunes dos
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo aborda inicialmente as principais concepções de democracia, com o alerta de que não existe um conceito unânime e definitivo para esse regime de governo. Na sequência, traça um panorama evolutivo da democracia a partir dos elementos que lhe foram agregados nos últimos séculos, como a representação política, as eleições e os partidos políticos. Faz-se, então, um escorço da prática democrática nos séculos XX e XXI, com destaque para dados coligidos por organismos internacionais a respeito dos índices de democracia no mundo durante esse período. As teorias sobre a democracia desenvolvidas especialmente a partir da segunda metade do século XX são tratadas a seguir. Na parte final, o destaque recai sobre os modelos de democracia participativa que foram concebidos como uma resposta à insuficiência da democracia representativa, no intuito de incrementá-la com a introdução de mecanismos aptos a promoverem um diálogo dos cidadãos com o governo, tornando as decisões destes mais responsivas às demandas dos primeiros, com um substancial ganho de legitimidade, aceitação e eficácia social.
Analysis of New Normal Era of Jurisprudence Learning Management at Islamic High School
Authors: Febiyanto Fahmita Ramadhan , Fauji Imam
Published: March 2023

The analysis of Fiqh learning management in the new normal era at MAN 2 Mojokerto includes planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation based on e-learning with online learning methods that are based on quotas and internet networks. The purpose of this study is to determine, analyze and provide alternative solutions related to the inhibiting and supporting factors for the management of Fiqh learning in the new normal era of MAN 2 Mojokerto. This research is included in descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation, and documentation with primary and secondary data sources. Analysis and interpretation of data by reduction, presentation and conclusion. The results of the research on Fiqh learning management in the new normal era at MAN 2 Mojokerto include planning, implementation, supervision, and evaluation. The inhibiting and supporting factors are felt by educators, students and parents with solutions for free quota assistance from schools, debriefing for teachers and students, and tolerance for assignments as a substitute for learning.
Implementación del canal de ventas por aplicativo móvil para maximizar ingresos en las tiendas por conveniencia en Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Perez Peña Johan Chanel
Published: March 2023

En la actualidad las tiendas por conveniencia ganan cada vez más relevancia como un nuevo canal de ventas en el Perú. Según el Comercio (2019) menciona que: “las principales cinco cadenas de tiendas por conveniencia del mercado superan los 650 puntos de ventas y estos estarán creciendo a razón de 400 locales entre todos los competidores”. Según el ejecutivo de Shopper & Retail de Kantar Worldpanel Francis Torres, reveló que el 2019 inició de manera favorable para las tiendas por conveniencia. De tal modo, del 100% de familias en el Perú, el 17,3% fue a estos establecimientos; 4,4 puntos porcentuales más en comparación del mismo periodo en el 2018, promovido en mayor magnitud en Lima, donde se puede evidenciar el auge que están teniendo estos tipos de negocio. Por otro lado, el comportamiento de los nuevos consumidores juega un papel muy importante para el desarrollo y crecimiento progresivo de este formato de tiendas. Según Ana Lucia Navarro, estamos frente a un nuevo consumidor que tiene como principal característica la falta de tiempo, no solo las mujeres pues los jóvenes en general requieren de servicios más inmediatos y cada vez son menos pacientes al realizar grandes colas, ello porque no han pasado por situaciones que requieran de adquisición de productos de esa forma, en comparación a otras generaciones como los baby boomers o la generación X, volviéndose este un factor muy valorado e importante, pues el tiempo será el factor más preciado al momento de realizar alguna compra o transacción en estos tipos de negocio. En la actualidad muchas de las tiendas por conveniencia como Tambo+ solo cuentan con algunos mecanismos de atención a estas necesidades de los consumidores ya sea por Facebook y plataforma web, pero solamente con el objetivo de promocionar sus productos mas no para vender.
Medidas de bioseguridad en el consultorio odontológico después de la aparición del Covid-19: Revisión de la literatura
Authors:   , Cabrera Tasayco Fiorella del Pilar , Rivera Carhuavilca Juana Mercedes
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar las medidas de bioseguridad en el consultorio odontológico después de la aparición del Covid-19. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos de la literatura científica usando las palabras “Covid-19, coronavirus, SARS-Cov2, bioseguridad, desinfección y odontología”. Se obtuvieron artículos sin restricción de idioma, desde que aparecieron en las fuentes de información hasta el 31 de mayo del 2020. Se analizaron las normas de bioseguridad y desinfección en el consultorio dental y del personal de salud odontológico que existen hasta la fecha, adaptándolas a las necesidades y forma de trabajo de cada uno de ellos. Resultados: La información recopilada permite identificar que se debe utilizar un cuestionario vía telefónica antes de la atención odontológica, una vez que el paciente llegue a la consulta se le debe tomar la temperatura manteniendo una adecuada limpieza y desinfección de la sala de espera. Los instrumentales odontológicos deben ser desinfectados y las piezas rotatorias deben tener un sistema antirretorno. La radiografía panorámica y la CBCT son los métodos auxiliares de elección. El aislamiento absoluto y la técnica TRA son una buena alternativa para disminuir la exposición de fluidos. El retiro de la vestimenta y los accesorios deben seguir un orden específico y el lavado de manos antes y después es fundamental. Conclusiones: Una bioseguridad eficiente para los dentistas y pacientes en todos los procesos de la atención odontológica antes, durante e inmediatamente acabada la cita, disminuye el riesgo de contagio del Covid-19 y permite una atención con mayor tranquilidad para el entorno odontológico.
Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa de ropa ecoamigable para damas
Authors:   , Campos Tarazona Evelin Lesly
Published: March 2023

El plan de negocios que se presenta ha sido planteado con la finalidad de crear una empresa de ropa sostenible, la cual se diferenciara de las demás empresas por usar materiales al 90% reciclable, ubicada en la ciudad de Lima -Perú. Siendo su principal objetivo concientizar a las personas a la reducción del uso del plástico y al cuidado del medio ambiente, para ello la empresa propuesta llamada “Leshila” brindará ropa para damas en tendencia, eso quiere decir que la empresa siempre estará a la vanguardia de lo último de la moda y brindará exclusividad a sus clientes con prendas de alta calidad y lo más importante aportando al cuidado del medio ambiente. En el capítulo I denominado Descripción de la empresa, se realizó el análisis y sondeo del mercado para poder determinar la aceptación de la propuesta planteada. Seguidamente en el capítulo II Plan estratégico de la empresa, se logró fijar la misión y visión de la empresa, así como los objetivos estratégicos que la empresa realizará para poder posicionarse en el mercado. En el capítulo III Plan de marketing de la empresa, se determina las estrategias de marketing que la empresa usará para poder captar la atracción de los clientes, determinar el precio, plaza y promoción para un producto es fundamental para ello en este capítulo se podrá definir estos puntos. En el capítulo IV Plan de operaciones, se describe los procesos de producción que se usara para la confección de las prendas de vestir, así como los lineamientos que los trabajadores deberán de seguir.
El merchandising en la empresa Supermercados Peruanos S.A., Ate, 2018
Authors:   , Torres Sinarahua Eugenio
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación es sobre “El merchandising en la empresa Supermercados Peruanos S.A., Ate,2019”, teniendo de objetivo establecer el merchandising en la empresa Supermercados Peruanos S.A. en la ciudad de Lima, distrito de Ate, 2018. Para poder definir la influencia se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa correlacional. Se aplico un diseño no experimental la población estuvo conformada por los clientes que acuden a comprar a la tienda de Ate. Para la recolección y procesamiento de datos se tomó la encuesta y el cuestionario. En conclusión, se observó que la técnica del merchandising influye bastante en los consumidores de la empresa que toman en cuenta aspectos como diseño, la ubicación, iluminación, exhibición dentro del establecimiento y que estos son tomados en cuenta al momento de efectuar la compra.
Análisis de la campaña publicitaria 360° #noestássolo de Pacífico Seguros en el marco del Covid-19 desde la perspectiva de las funciones del planner
Authors:   , López Castro Josellin Gissel
Published: March 2023

El planner publicitario es un profesional relevante para la realización de campañas publicitarias, alcanzando una comunicación más efectiva y de valor para la marca. Por ello, esta investigación busca identificar cual ha sido el rol desempeñado y principales funciones por el planner en las acciones publicitarias 360° de la marca Pacifico seguros en el marco del Covid-19 durante el año 2020. La investigación presenta una metodología cualitativa, basada en la revisión de bibliografía para analizar las funciones de este profesional, además se realizó un análisis del contenido publicitario de la campaña #noestássolo y la investigación de campo consistió en realizar entrevistas en profundidad a los planner de la agencia TBWA Perú, responsables de la campaña mencionada. Un principal hallazgo de esta investigación fue la participación del planner en las reuniones con el cliente, tanto en la primera reunión como en la presentación de la campaña. Asimismo, la participación del planner en el análisis del contexto, que permitió a los planners realizar una campaña basada en una estrategia de comunicación en tiempos de crisis, con responsabilidad social. En este análisis observamos como el planner cumplió un rol de contribuir a la construcción de comunicación de la marca, a hacer a la marca relevante y conocida. Finalmente, este trabajo concluye que el rol del planner en la campaña #noestássolo se basó en las funciones de intervención en el proceso creativo, conocimiento a profundidad del consumidor, identificación de insights y participación en las reuniones con los clientes.
Evaluación del riesgo ambiental de plaguicidas convencionales en los servicios ecosistémicos de la artropofauna terrestre en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors:   , Garay Crisanto Dimas Alexander
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar el riesgo ambiental de cuatro plaguicidas convencionales en los servicios ecosistémicos de la artropofauna terrestre en el cultivo de cacao. Materiales y Métodos: Se aplicó cipermetrina (T1), carbofurano (T2), oxicloruro de cobre (T3) y clorpirifos (T4) con una mochila fumigadora pulverizadora manual “Jacto PJ-16”, en una finca de cacao en San Martín, Perú del 01 de enero al 17 de febrero del 2019 (7 semanas). Se colocaron cuarenta trampas de caída por cada tratamiento para capturar a la artropofauna terrestre. Resultados: Para la evaluación global, se encontraron diferencias significativas en los depredadores para el índice de riqueza específica (S) entre T2 y T3 (valores más bajos), en comparación con los otros tratamientos; mientras que en el índice de Margalef (Dmg), se encontraron diferencias significativas entre T3 (valor más bajo) y los otros tratamientos. En cambio, para el análisis por evaluaciones los resultados variaron: En los detritívoros, durante la segunda evaluación en el índice número de individuos (N) se encontraron diferencias significativas entre T4 (valor más bajo) y los otros tratamientos. También se encontraron diferencias significativas en los depredadores durante la primera evaluación en el índice de Margalef (Dmg) entre T4 (valor más bajo) y los otros tratamientos. Conclusiones: El gremio trófico que permitió evaluar el riesgo ambiental de forma más eficiente fueron los depredadores y el índice de diversidad alfa que permitió identificar más diferencias significativas entre tratamientos fue S, N y Dmg.
Análisis económico del cultivo comercial de Chondracanthus chamissoi, en San Andrés, Pisco, Perú
Authors:   , Quispe Ubilla Ana Sofia , Vasquez Rosas Sheylla Brighith
Published: March 2023

Introducción. Chondracanthus chamissoi es un alga roja endémica de la costa peruana que se distribuye desde Piura (Perú) hasta Chiloé (Chile), cuyas mayores producciones se presentan en la Región Ica y que es la base del sustento económico de más de 500 familias de pescadores artesanales de la zona. Objetivo. El objetivo principal del estudio fue realizar un análisis económico de la producción de esta alga a partir de un cultivo de fondo, realizado por la Cooperativa Trabajadores de Algas Marinas, ubicado en San Andrés-Pisco, Perú. Material y Métodos. Los datos para este estudio se obtuvieron de fuentes primarias (encuestas y entrevistas) y secundarias (bibliografía diversa). Para el análisis de datos se usó indicadores financieros respaldados por la investigación económica de Jarama y Pérez en el año 2015. Los indicadores de evaluación económica se tomaron en cuenta el Valor Actual Neto (VPN) y la Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR). Resultados. El estudio demostró la factibilidad económica, ya que, los resultados a través de los indicadores financieros principales como el VAN y TIR, muestran un valor de S/58,589.14 y 59% respectivamente. Conclusión. Este presente estudio permite mostrar un negocio de C. chamissoi rentable y aceptable ante cualquier inversionista que quiera entrar al rubro acuícola puesto que, los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados en un largo plazo de 10 años que muestra que un negocio puede ir de manera creciente.
A validation study for wide-range remote assessment of cognitive functions in the healthy older Japanese population: a pilot randomized crossover trial
Authors: Takakura Yuki , Otsuki Mika , Takagi Ryo , Houkin Kiyohiro
Published: March 2023

Background
To determine the feasibility and reliability of previously unvalidated remote cognitive function tests in Japan using common information and communication technology (ICT) devices, software, and video teleconference (VTC) system compared with face-to-face (FTF) assessment.
Methods
The sample consisted of 26 participants from senior citizens clubs and an employment service center in Sapporo Japan, including 11 females and 15 males (age averaged 78.6 ± 6.8 years). Tests included the RCPM, Story recall, 10/36 spatial recall, selective reminding test, SDMT, PASAT, FAB, TMT-A, TMT-B, visual cancellation task, digit span, tapping span. The experimental design was a counter-balanced cross-over randomized controlled trial. Intraclass correlations (ICCs), paired-samples t-tests, Cohen's Kappa (κ) coefficients, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were calculated to compare the scores between VTC and FTF assessments.
Results
All ICCs were significant and ranged from 0.47 (RCPM time) to 0.92 (RCPM score and PASAT), with a mean ICC of 0.75. Digit span using Cohen's Kappa (κ) coefficient was significant, but the tapping span was not. Paired samples t-test showed statistically significant differences in SDMT, RCPM time, and cancellation time.
Conclusions
The results suggest that remote video conference-based neuropsychological tests even using familiar devices and software may be able to assess a wide range of cognitive functions in the Japanese older population. As for the processing speed tasks, we need to create our own standards for the remote condition. For the tapping span, we should consider increasing the number of trials.
A-SOiD, an active learning platform for expert-guided, data efficient discovery of behavior.
Authors: Yttri Eric , Hsu Alexander , Schweihoff Jens , Schwarz Martin
Published: March 2023

Behavior identification and quantification techniques have undergone rapid development. To this end, supervised or unsupervised methods are chosen based upon their intrinsic strengths and weaknesses (e.g. user bias, training cost, complexity, action discovery). Here, a new active learning platform, A-SOiD, blends these strengths and in doing so, overcomes several of their inherent drawbacks. A-SOiD iteratively learns user-defined groups with a fraction of the usual training data while attaining expansive classification through directed unsupervised classification. In socially-interacting mice, A-SOiD outperformed standard methods despite requiring 85$\%$ less training data. Additionally, it isolated two additional ethologically-distinct mouse interactions via unsupervised classification. Similar performance and efficiency was observed using non-human primate 3D pose data. In both cases, the transparency in A-SOiD’s cluster definitions revealed the defining features of the supervised classification through a game-theoretic approach. To facilitate use, A-SOiD comes as an intuitive, open-source interface for efficient segmentation of user-defined behaviors and discovered subactions.
An Experimental Study on the Impact of Prosthesis Temperature on the Biomechanical Properties of Bone Cement Fixation
Authors: Chen Wanzhuo , Zhang Haining
Published: March 2023

Purpose
To investigate the effect of femoral component and tibial plateau component temperature on the strength of cement fixation during total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Methods
Femoral prosthesis,tibial plateau prosthesis and polypropylene mold base were used to simulate TKA for bone cement fixation.Pre-cooling or pre-warming of femoral and tibial plateau components at different temperatures (4°C,15°C,25°C,37°C,45°C),followed by mixing and stirring of bone cement at laboratory room temperature (22°C),were performed during research.The prosthesis and the base were adhered together,and the bone cement was solidified for 24 hours at a constant temperature of 37°Cto verify the hardness of the bone cement with a push-out test.
Results
The push-out force of the femoral prosthesis after fixation was higher than that of the tibial plateau prosthesis,and with the increase of the prosthesis temperature,the push-out force after fixation of the bone cement also increased linearly and the porosity of the prosthetic cement in the tibia and femur decreased as the temperature increased.
Conclusion
Without changing the mixing temperature and solidification temperature,the fixation strength of the femoral prosthesis is higher than that of the tibial plateau prosthesis.Properly increasing the temperature of the prosthesis can increase the push-out force of the fixation strength.
Inhibitory activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Anancardium occidentale L. leaves against Brugia malayi hexokinase, a target for anti-filarial drug development
Authors: Kaushik Meenakshi , Hoti Sugeerappa L. , Saxena Jitendra Kumar , Joshi Rajesh , Singh Ishwar , Metgud Sharada , Hegde Harsha V.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Globally, 859 million people in 50 countries are threatened by lymphatic filariasis. Due to its severity, the available drugs are mainly used for microfilaricidal and do not kill efficiently the adult parasites, which continue to produce microfilariae. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a plant-based macrofilaricidal drug.
Methods: The inhibitory activity of the various solvent extracts of the leaves of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) was tested against the recombinant hexokinase of B. malayi (BmHk). BmHK, an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway that plays a vital role in the replication/survival of filarial parasites, was chosen as a target. A preliminary phytochemical test and GC-FID analysis of the extract were carried out.
Results: The hydroalcoholic extract of A. occidentale showed the highest inhibition (65.80±1.60%) of activity of BmHk, compared to other extracts, which showed less than 50% inhibition.
Conclusion: The present study showed that hydroalcoholic extract of A. occidentale has inhibitory activity against BmHk and can be explored further for developing the herbal-based anti-filarial drug.
Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 2 Fluquinconazole using Allium cepa L. as a bioindicator
Authors: türkoğlu şifa
Published: March 2023

Fluquinconazole is the active substance of a synthetic fungicide which is used extensively in agricultural areas in the world and Turkey. In this study, 30, 60, 90 and 100 mg/l doses of the substance were applied to Allium cepa root tips for 12, 24 and 48 hours. Distilled water was used as a negative control while methyl methane sulfonate (MMS, 10 ppm) was used as a positive control. As a result of the application, it was observed that the substance caused mitotic inhibition by decreasing the mitotic index, leading to changes in mitotic stage ratios. It was also observed that this substance caused chromosomal (anaphase bridges, stickiness, c-mitosis, laggards, and breakages) and nuclear abnormalities (binucleus and micronucleus). At the end of the statistical analysis and examinations, it was detected that the substance caused cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Application of mobile app device and instant voice feedback system in oral English teaching
Authors: Yan Kefei
Published: March 2023

Mobile network education is a new education model for traditional education. It plays a very important role in educational activities and shows an increasingly important trend. It has become the most important part of China's education industry outside classroom education. Everyone has the opportunity to create more and more time for education and self-study. To a certain extent, it makes people aware of the social Lifelong learning becomes possible. In view of the widespread application of mobile devices and the fact that mobile device users mainly rely on the Android system, it is very important to develop a spoken language evaluation software with instant voice feedback that uses the Android platform. The software can obtain instant feedback information in the classroom, and conduct oral learning and organize regularly. The results of class feedback, thereby significantly enhancing students' interest and enthusiasm for learning, and improving students' standardization ability and level of oral English in English debates. According to the testing principle, this article gives a detailed test of the mobile network teaching system, and explains the test method and content. According to the test situation, the system can operate normally, but the speed still needs to increase. According to the actual needs of training and technology development, this article will give a detailed analysis and research on the theories and technical methods of network training for mobile devices, including mobile Internet technology and the use of Android. This article gives a detailed description of the server and the client, which has important practical significance.
Human exposure risk assessment for infectious diseases due to temperature and air pollution: an overview of reviews
Authors: Song Xuping , Guo Xinye , Hu Xiaopeng , Zhang Yajie , Wei Dandan , Hu Yue , Jiang Liangzhen , Zhang Yan
Published: March 2023

Air pollution and global temperature change are expected to affect infectious diseases. Yet to date overview of systematic reviews assessing the exposure risk of air pollutants and temperature on infectious diseases is unavailable. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigated the exposure risk of pollutants or temperature on infectious diseases were included. Two investigators screened literature, extracted data and performed the risk of bias assessments independently. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria, which 3 (13%) were "low" quality and 20 (87%) were "critically low" quality. COVID-19 morbidity was associated with long-term exposure PM2.5 (RR = 1.056 per 1μg/m 3, 95% CI: 1.039-1.072) and NO2 (RR = 1.042 per 1 μg/m 3, 95% CI: 1.017-1.068). In addition, for each 1°C increase in temperature, the risk of dengue fever morbidity increased 13% (RR = 1.130 per 1°C, 95% CI: 1.120-1.150), infectious diarrhea morbidity increased 8% (RR =1.080 per 1°C, 95% CI: 1.050-1.200), and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) morbidity increased 5% (RR = 1.050 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.020-1.080). In conclusion, PM2.5 and NO2 increased the risk of COVID-19 and temperatures were associated with dengue, infectious diarrhoea and HFMD morbidity. Moreover, the exposure risk of temperature on COVID-19 need to be further explored.
Attenuated total reflection Fourier- transformed infrared spectroscopy reveals environment specific phenotypes in clonal Japanese knotweed
Authors: Holden Claire A , Taylor Jane , Martin Francis L. , Beckett Paul , McAinsh Martin
Published: March 2023

Background: The problematic invasive species, Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica var. japonica), has a wide geographical distribution. We have previously shown the potential for attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics for regional differentiation between Japanese knotweed plants. However, the contribution of environment to spectral differences remains unclear. Here, the response of Japanese knotweed to varied environmental habitats has been studied. Eight unique growth environments were created by manipulation of the red: far-red light ratio (R:FR), water availability, nitrogen, and micronutrients. Their impacts on plant growth, photosynthetic parameters, and ATR-FTIR spectral profiles, were explored using chemometric techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis, support vector machines (SVM) and partial least squares regression. Key wavenumbers responsible for spectral differences were identified with PCA loadings, and molecular biomarkers were assigned. Partial least squared regression (PLSR) of spectral absorbance and root water potential (RWP) data was used to create a predictive model for RWP.
Results: Spectra from plants grown in different environments were differentiated using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with SVM. Biomarkers highlighted through PCA loadings corresponded to several molecules, most commonly cell wall carbohydrates, suggesting that these wavenumbers could be consistent indicators of plant stress across species. R:FR most affected the ATR-FTIR spectra of intact dried leaf material. PLSR prediction of root water potential achieved an R2 of 0.8, supporting the potential use of ATR-FTIR spectrometers as sensors for prediction of plant physiological parameters.
Conclusions: Japanese knotweed exhibits environmentally induced phenotypes, indicated by measurable differences in their ATR-FTIR spectra. This high environmental plasticity reflected by key biomolecular changes may contribute to its success as an invasive species. Light quality (R:FR) appears critical in defining the growth and spectral response to environment. Cross-species conservation of biomarkers suggest that they could function as indicators of plant-environment interactions including abiotic stress responses and plant health.
Is smart city construction a new way for sustainable development in emerging countries? ——A "quasi-natural experiment" from China
Authors: Wang Liang-Jun , Yang Pei-Ling , Yuan Jing-Wei , Lin Zi-Han , Paradzai Allen Tapiwa , Hu Wen-Jing
Published: March 2023

Given that traditional urbanization presents developing countries with the predicament of how to achieve income increase and environmental protection at the same time, the significance of smart city construction to urban sustainable development is emerging. Based on the panel data of 259 cities in China, this paper analyzes the inhibitory effect of smart city construction on pollution intensity by combining TV-DID and spatial lag models. The research conclusions show that: (1) Overall, the pollution intensity of China showed a clear downward trend from 2011 to 2019. The areas with the most serious urban pollution intensity are mainly concentrated in Shanxi Province and the northeastern provinces. (2) Smart city construction can significantly promote the pollution intensity reduction in pilot cities; At the same time, the policy also has a negative spatial spillover effect, which can promote the pollution intensity reduction of adjacent areas. Moreover, the conclusion is still robust after testing by PSM-DID, instrumental variable method, placebo test and other methods. (3) Mechanism analysis shows that smart city construction promotes the pollution intensity reduction indirectly through industrial structure upgrading. (4) The heterogeneity analysis shows that smart city construction can more effectively promote the pollution intensity reduction in China’s western cities.
MYRIAD-HESA: A New Method to Generate Global Multi-Hazard Event Sets
Authors: Claassen Judith N. , Ward Philip J. , Daniell James , Koks Elco E. , Tiggeloven Timothy , Ruiter Marleen C.
Published: March 2023

This study presents a new method, the MYRIAD – Hazard Event Sets Algorithm (MYRIAD-HESA), that generates historically-based multi-hazard event sets. MYRIAD-HESA is a fully open-access method that can create multi-hazard event sets from any hazard events that occur on varying time, space, and intensity scales. In the past, multi-hazards have predominately been studied on a local or continental scale, or have been limited to specific hazard combinations, such as the combination between droughts and heatwaves. Therefore, we exemplify our approach through generating a global multi-hazard event set database, spanning from 2004 to 2017, which includes eleven hazards from varying hazard classes (e.g. meteorological, geophysical, hydrological and climatological). This global database provides new insights on the frequency of different multi-hazard events and their hotspots. Additionally, we explicitly incorporate a temporal dimension in MYRIAD-HESA, the time-lag. The time-lag, or time between the occurrence of hazards, is used to determine potentially impactful events that occurred in close succession. Varying time-lags have been tested in MYRIAD-HESA, and are analysed using North America as a case study. Alongside the MYRIAD-HESA, the multi-hazard event sets, MYRIAD-HES, is openly available to further increase the understanding of multi-hazard events in the disaster risk community. The open source nature of MYRIAD-HESA provides flexibility to conduct multi-risk assessments by, for example, incorporating higher resolution data for an area of interest.
Design Theory of Compact Power Divider with Reconfigurable Power Division and Negative Group Delay Characteristics
Authors: Nair Rekha G , S natarajamani
Published: March 2023

This article presents the combined analysis of reconfigurable power division and Negative Group Delay (NGD) in a power divider. A novel composite transmission line (CT) based reconfigurable power divider with high power division ratio, variable negative group delay and lower characteristic impedance is presented in this work. The impedance transformation in composite transmission lines controls both NGD and power division. This power divider possesses a wide range of power division ratios from 1 to 39, adequate isolation, impedance matching, and NGD of-3.4 ns to-4.7 ns in the reconfigurable transmission path. The NGD is achieved without using any additional group delay circuits. Theoretical equations corresponding to the low characteristic impedance of the transmission line sections and that of isolation elements are derived. The measurement results justifies the attainment of high tuning of the power division ratio, and NGD. Isolation and return loss are higher than-15dB at the centre frequency of 1.5GHz. The major contributions of this design can be listed as the wide reconfigurable power division along with negative group delay and reduced size.
Treatment of mental disorders and the course of COVID-19
Authors: Korzeniowska Katarzyna , Cieślewicz Artur , Jabłecka Anna
Published: March 2023

Background. Psychiatric patients are an interesting group due to the risk of mental exacerbation during the course of COVID-19. Most patients with severe mental disorders require long-term care in specialized centers such as psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes. As a result, such patients are at increased risk of acquiring infectious diseases, including COVID-19. In our study, we decided to evaluate the potential association between mental disorder treatment and the course of COVID-19
Methods. The study is a retrospective analysis of data collected from 107 men with mental disorders, aged 30 – 82 years, inhabitants of nursing homes who have been receiving drugs acting on the central nervous system for at least one year and were diagnosed with COVID-19 between September 2020 and January 2021.
Results. More than 80% of patients experienced elevated body temperature during the course of COVID-19. 11 patients (10.28% of the population) required hospitalization due to severe COVID-19 course; one of them died (0.9% of the population). The most common mental disorder diagnosis included schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (43.93% of the studied population), and mental retardation (39.25% of the studied population). No worsening of the mental condition was noted after recovery from COVID-19. A significantly higher frequency of increased body temperature was observed in the group of patients treated with anxiolytics (particularly, in the subgroup who received hydroxyzine treatment). No statistically significant association was found between COVID-19 hospitalization and concomitant diseases.
Conclusion. The course of COVID-19 was mild in most patients (almost 90% of the studied population) and did not negatively affect their mental condition. Special care received by the patients resulted in early diagnosis of COVID-19 and a very low mortality rate. Treatment with hydroxyzine significantly influenced the frequency of occurrence of increased body temperature during the course of COVID-19.
Unique pharmacodynamic properties and low abuse liability of the µ-opioid receptor ligand (S)-methadone
Authors: Michaelides Michael , Levinstein Marjorie , De Oliveira Paulo , Casajuana-Martin Nil , Quiroz Cesar , Budinich Reece , Rais Rana , Rea William , Ventriglia Emilya , Llopart Natàlia , Casadó-Anguera Verònica , Moreno Estefanía , Walther Donna , Glatfelter Grant , Weinshenker David , Zarate Carlos , Casado Vicent , Baumann Michael , Pardo Leonardo , Ferre Sergi
Published: March 2023

(R,S)-methadone ((R,S)-MTD) is a racemic µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist comprised of (R)-MTD and (S)-MTD enantiomers used for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) and pain. (R)-MTD is used as an OUD treatment, has high MOR potency, and is believed to mediate (R,S)-MTD’s therapeutic efficacy. (S)-MTD is in clinical development as an antidepressant and is considered an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. In opposition to this purported mechanism of action, we found that (S)-MTD does not occupy NMDARs in vivo in rats. Instead, (S)-MTD produced MOR occupancy and induced analgesia with similar efficacy as (R)-MTD. Unlike (R)-MTD, (S)-MTD was not self-administered and failed to increase locomotion or extracellular dopamine levels indicating low abuse liability. Moreover, (S)-MTD antagonized the effects of (R)-MTD in vivo and exhibited unique pharmacodynamic properties, distinct from those of (R)-MTD. Specifically, (S)-MTD acted as a MOR partial agonist with a specific loss of efficacy at the MOR-galanin 1 receptor (Gal1R) heteromer, a key mediator of the dopaminergic effects of opioids. In sum, we report novel and unique pharmacodynamic properties of (S)-MTD that are relevant to its potential mechanism of action and therapeutic use, as well as those of (R,S)-MTD.
The role of intra-guild indirect interactions in assembling plant-pollinator networks
Authors: Dritz Sabine , Nelson Rebecca , Valdovinos Fernanda
Published: March 2023

Understanding the assembly of plant-pollinator communities has become critical to their conservation given the rise of species invasions, extirpations, and species’ range shifts. Dynamic network analyses can advance such understanding by elucidating the effects of species’ direct and indirect interactions on network assembly. We investigate the role of intra-guild indirect interactions on assembling plant-pollinator networks by developing: 1) an assembly model that includes population dynamics and adaptive foraging, and 2) a motif analysis tracking the effects of colonizing species throughout assembly. Motifs — networks’ building blocks — allow an in-depth analysis of indirect interactions. We found that adaptive foraging reduces the otherwise strong effect of indirect competition for shared mutualistic resources on community assembly. This allows for coexistence between specialist and generalist species within the same guild and the emergence of nested networks. Further, by maintaining the persistence of specialist species, who are most vulnerable to competitive exclusion, adaptive foraging allows for the development of richer and less connected networks which is consistent with empirical pollination networks. Our work contributes new understanding and methods to study the effects of species’ indirect interactions on community assembly.
Low-dose gamma radiation varied growth and potential of paclitaxel biosynthesis in callus culture of hazel (Corylus avellana L.)
Authors: Adabi Razieh , Rezaei Ayatollah
Published: March 2023

Using the in vitro culture system along with related strategies is one of the most promising sources to improve the production of antitumorous agent paclitaxel and other valuable bioactive metabolites. To the best of our knowledge, hazel is the only angiosperm plant that has the capacity to produce paclitaxel and other taxanes. In this study, stable 14-day-old calli initiated from fresh hazel cotyledons were exposed to low-dose γ-radiation for 3, 9, and 15 seconds, which produced 10, 20, and 30 Gy of radiation dose, respectively. Non-irradiated cultures were considered as control. The cultures were picked up after 2 weeks of exposure to radiation and the parameters measured. The results showed that radiation changed callus growth and cells viability. Instead, by increasing radiation dose, antioxidant potential, activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme, and biosynthesis of biochemicals such as paclitaxel significantly increased. A negative correlation was observed between studied biochemical traits including paclitaxel and callus biomass production. The highest paclitaxel specific yield was measured in 30 Gy irritated calli which was 241.77 µg g-1 DW, 21.17 times higher than the control culture. Exposure to 30 Gy radiation resulted in the development of a new callus line with a stable high content of paclitaxel. It seems that by eliciting and varying cells, γ-radiation improved the metabolism in callus culture of hazel and could be used to produce such valuable metabolites on a commercial scale.