bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selvpåført bureaukrati i kommunerne – formålstjenlig forvaltning eller et unødvendigt onde?
Authors: Ejersbo Niels , Houlberg Kurt , Pedersen Lene Holm
Published: March 2022

Bureaukrati og regler har været udsat for kritik i årevis. Med begrebet om ”selvpåført bureaukrati” er der sat fokus på de regler, som kommunerne selv vedtager, og det spiller samtidig videre på de negative billeder, som typisk forbindes med bureaukrati. Artiklen undersøger, hvad der driver fremvæksten af interne regler i to kommuner, og hvordan ledere og ansatte opfatter de lokale regler. Fremvæksten af interne regler er påvirket af lokale forhold som politisk opmærksomhed og sikring af ligebehandling af såvel borgere som ansatte, men nationale forhold som regulering også ser ud til at have betydning. I modsætning til de gængse fordomme over for regler opfatter ledere og medarbejdere, at de fleste regler leverer et positivt bidrag til kvaliteten i servicen.
The influence of development research: the significance of research consensus and policy polarization
Authors: Kjær Anne Mette
Published: March 2022

There is a long tradition for close exchange between research and practice in the international development community. However, we know very little about the circumstances under which research really has an impact on development practice. This article examines how the degree of research consensus and policy polarization matters. Drawing on evidence from English and Danish aid, I study two cases in the form of two fields of research; research on political economy analysis and research on aid effectiveness. The case studies show that a broad research consensus and a low degree of polarization promote influence. However, this does not necessarily mean that research will also have an influence on the implementation of a development program.
Historisk læring som struktur for dialog om det fremtidige forhold mellem Danmark og Nordatlanten
Authors: Bertelsen Rasmus Gjedsø
Published: March 2022

Danmark har været statsretsligt knyttet til Nordatlanten siden unionen med Norge i 1380. Den kontinentaleuropæiske småstat Danmarks forhold til Nordatlanten drives frem af eksterne chok fra stormagtsrelationer og nationalliberale uafhængighedsidéer, der peger mod stadigt større og fuld selvstændighed for Færøerne og Grønland. Denne udvikling fortsætter ubønhørligt i et internationalt system præget af magtforskydning fra Vest til Øst med Kinas vækst. Danmark og Nordatlanten trænger til en fælles intellektuel struktur til at analyse, diskutere og forme deres fremtidige forhold baseret på historisk læring. 1918-forbundsloven mellem Danmark og Island, som gjorde Island til en suveræn og ligeværdig stat i personalunion om fælles konge med Danmark er et forholdsvis overset, men væsentligt bidrag til sådan historisk læring.
Anmeldelse af Insecure Majorities: Congress and the Perpetual Campaign
Authors: Jensen Henrik
Published: March 2022

Frances Lee, Insecure Majorities: Congress and the Perpetual Campaign. The University of Chicago Press, 2016 (anmeldt af Henrik Jensen)
“Separation will mean the Destruction of Iceland”: Icelandic independence-politics and separation from the Kingdom of Denmark
Authors: Hálfdanarson Guðmundur
Published: March 2022

According to Danish critics, Iceland was too small and empoverished to support independence and had to settle with Danish leadership. The Icelanders aimed late for sovereignty and full separation from Denmark under these conditions. This Danish-Icelandic connection was not acceptable in the long term for Iceland. The Danish state was defined as a Danish nation-state, the latest from 1864, and the Icelanders were always guests in this nation-state. Danish politics made no attempt to rethink the state as a multinational state and even less to build one nation. Therefore, the Icelanders had to demand initially separation and then full divorce, even though they had a weak basis for running their own state. The Icelanders could not remain in the relationship with the Danish fellow nation in the south.
Policy professionals in Danish think tanks: education, professional experience and visibility in the Parliament and omnibus newspapers
Authors: Kelstrup Jesper Dahl
Published: March 2022

How do the educational backgrounds and work experiences of policy professionals contribute to the visibility of Danish think tanks in Parliament (Folketinget) and in omnibus newspapers? An analysis of 126 policy professionals employed in ten privately funded think tanks indicates that most policy professionals hold social science degrees and have prior work experience from the public sector, interest organizations and the private sector. Some advocacy think tanks hire many economists, and the proportion of employees with a Master’s degree in economics correlates positively with both mentions in Parliament and the visibility of think tanks in Danish newspapers. On this basis, more research on why and under what circumstances economists are particularly apt at contributing to the public visibility of think tanks should be undertaken.
Structures and actors in analyses of political decisions
Authors: Christiansen Peter Munk , Kjær Anne Mette
Published: March 2022

The article identifies some of the most significant developments in the political science literature concerning political decisions in the new millennium. We apply the traditional distinction between structure- and actor-based explanations and find that Danish political science has put a lot of effort into explaining both stability and changes in public policy and political decisions. This has contributed to a better combination of actor- and structure-based explanations; however, gaps in the literature remain. We still have limited knowledge about several elements in political decision making. For example, we lack knowledge about what happens in the early decision-making stage, which in recent years has appeared increasingly closed. Likewise, we have limited knowledge about the role of the bureaucracy in the drafting of political decisions. Finally, there is a lack of qualitative case studies of recent political decisions and therefore a lack of comparative analyses of these decisions. The article calls for research in these areas.
The paradigm shift in Danish development policy
Authors: Kjær Anne Mette
Published: March 2022

How has Danish development policy evolved, and what are the underlying driving forces of these changes? Drawing on Peter Hall’s framework, this article identifies recent changes in Danish development policy as a gradual shift of policy paradigm during the years in the new millennium. The size of development aid, the use of policy instruments, and the goal hierarchies in development policy all changed. The proportion of aid to GNI has been reduced by more than 30 percent, the composition of aid has changed in that allocations for country programs in the poorest countries have declined. Finally, the overall purpose of aid is no longer solely poverty reduction. In explaining these changes, the article shows that they emerged as a result of a politicization of aid preceded by a shift in the locus of authority.
Congratulations to the Danish People’s Party!
Authors: Kosiara-Pedersen Karina
Published: March 2022

The Danish People’s Party is the successful splinter party of the Progress Party created by Pia Kjærsgaard and collaborators in 1996. Traditional party membership, public financing, and a high degree of centralization and party discipline characterize the party organization, while their political program emphasizes less immigration and integration, more law and order, and welfare chauvinism. Their first 25 years have been successful. Their electoral success has affected government formation and policies. They have provided the parliamentary base for center-right governments and gained political concessions, particularly in the immigration and integration field. While aiming to become an influential party, they did not enter into government when they became the largest party right of centre in 2015. Since then their electoral support has waned.
Anmeldelse af Medejer – kunsten at overhale konkurrenter gennem demokratisk ejerskab
Authors: Winther Gorm
Published: March 2022

Andreas Pinstrup Jørgensen, Medejer – kunsten at overhale konkurrenter gennem demokratisk ejerskab. København: Gyldendal, 2020 (anmeldt af Gorm Winther)
Grænsen som fredens projekt
Authors: McCall Cathal
Published: March 2022

Fredsopbygning i europæiske grænselande kræver kontakt, det kræver kommunikation, og det kræver samarbejde på tværs af statsgrænser og på tværs af etniske og nationale skel. Respekt for kulturelle forskelle er det ledende princip for dette projekt, hvor klager over naboen bliver adresseret, og stereotyper udfordret med det formål at tackle angst og mistro. Ikke desto mindre har EU’s økonomiske fokus krydret med det 21. århundredes fokus på ”sikkerhed” betydet, at det grænseoverskridende samarbejde forstået som fredsopbygning er et tilsyneladende forladt håb bag ”Europas døre”. Schengens grænseregime og den europæiske naboskabspolitik er tvillingedynamikker, som efter sigende sikrer EU’s ”eksterne fronter” mod (forestillingen om) en række fjender på flere fronter – internationale terrorister, omstridte migranter og transnationale gangstere – og tilsvarende underminerer dette sikkerhedsregime ”den bløde grænse-tilgang” til fredsopbygning på tværs af netop disse fronter. I konteksten af grænsers genkomst kunne den europæiske integration meget vel ændre sig fra mellemstatslig og grænseoverskridende fredsopbygning til, at der igen appelleres til Europas arv af grænsekonflikter og tvangsforanstaltninger på bekostning af freden.
The conflict over Irish partition: From south to north to Brexit
Authors: Pinos Jaume Castan
Published: March 2022

This article analyses the opposition to Irish partition from its very inception to the contemporary context, dominated by Brexit-fuelled uncertainty. The article claims that while hostility to partition has experienced different methods –namely constitutional as well as violent means– and diverse degrees of intensity, there is a historical continuum of struggle against partition in Ireland. The division of Ireland into two separate polities has not just brought thousands of men and women to take up arms over the past century, it has also been the glue that has arguably fuelled the most important ideology in Ireland (both north and south); Irish republicanism. While the sovereignty debate was decisively eroded by the Good Friday Agreement, Brexit has unearthed such debate thus giving political momentum to those who decry partition. Irish Republicans, the article concludes, have gained ground to instrumentalise the political crisis generated by Brexit in order to push for their “united Ireland” aspirations.
Belfast – fanget mellem det sekteriske og det kosmopolitiske
Authors: Stokłosa Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

Delte byer er efterhånden et særsyn i europæisk sammenhæng. Fænomenet er hovedsageligt resultat af geopolitiske forandringer, der har præget Europa de seneste to århundreder og udspringer af krige. Ikke mange har rod i en imperial fortid og de økonomiske skel mellem sociale grupper, som man ser det i Belfast. De mest dramatiske konsekvenser af delte byer er fysiske, dvs. voldelige konflikter og tab af liv. Manglende interaktion gør det vanskeligt at skabe fælles forudsætninger, selv mange år efter de voldelige konflikter er overstået. Artiklen undersøger de sociale barrierer, der opstod som følge af ”the troubles” – dvs. fra 1969 og fremefter – sammen med de fysiske barrierer og delinger, der præger byrummet i Belfast i dag. Det centrale spørgsmål er, om byens indbyggere taler eller er parate til at tale på basis af fælles forudsætninger og fortælle de samme historier og diskurser om delingerne, der har præget byen igennem næsten 50 år. Eller er kløften stadig en del af det sociale setup i dagens Belfast?
Belfast, a city caught between sectarianism and cosmopolitanism
Authors: Stokłosa Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

Divided cities are not that usual in Europe anymore. Moreover, mostly being a result of war and conflict, as well as geopolitical change influencing Europe and the world over the last 200 years, it is not many of them that have their roots in an imperial past and the kind of economic and social distinctions between groups as the one present in Belfast. This article investigates the social boundaries and distinctions. They increased massively in 1969 – together with physical barricades and partitions – as a direct consequence of violence. In addition, this article will investigate whether inhabitants of Belfast are ready to develop a common discourse about the divisions and separations they have experienced in the past. The most dramatic impacts of partition in every divided city include loss of life and physical injury. Conditions for a common perception of the past are extremely difficult in divided towns where violence has occurred. Overcoming the psychologically negative impact of the towns’ division is usually far more time-consuming than overcoming physical barriers. In Belfast, grassroots initiatives and the voluntary sector are particularly significant in this process.
Gensyn med Ballybogoin – linjer, spor og tidevandsmarkeringerne i det nordirske grænseland
Authors: Andersen Dorte Jagetic
Published: March 2022

Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i bogen, The Troubles in Ballybogoin fra 2003, hvor William F. Kelleher undersøger, hvordan det nordirske grænselands beboeres hverdagspraksisser – fra hvem de interagerer med til deres fysiske bevægelser i landskabet – er styret af en ”social hukommelse” omkring adskillelse og politisk identitet, der har rødder i den nordirske konflikt og den britiske imperiale fortid. Ved hjælp af Michel de Certeaus begreb om rumlige, kulturelle praksisser viser Kelleher, at hverdagspraksisser stabiliseres af, at udformningen af byrummene i grænselandet er forankret i en allestedsnærværende fysisk adskillelse af befolkningsgrupper, som hele tiden bliver italesat af befolkningen. I yderligere dialog med Sarah Greens begreb om linjer som ”spor” og ”tidevandsmarkeringer” og igennem sine feltstudier i grænselandet, særligt i og omkring den nordirske by Derry, genbesøger forfatteren disse hverdagspraksisser for at illustrere, hvordan grænselandet gennemsyres af linjer, der deler ”de to sider af huset”.
Revisiting Ballybogoin: Lines, traces and tidemarks in the Northern Irish borderlands
Authors: Andersen Dorte Jagetic
Published: March 2022

The article departs from William F. Kelleher book (2003), The Troubles in Ballybogoin, investigating how everyday practice in the Northern Irish borderland – ranging from whom people interact with to where they move – is influenced by the social memory of division and political identity, with origins in the Troubles and the British imperial legacy. In dialogue with Sarah Green’s concepts of lines as traces and tidemarks (2018) and by way of field studies in the borderlands, particularly the border town (London)Derry, the author revisits the everyday practices to illustrate how the borderland is infested with lines parting ”the two sides of the house.” Michel de Certeau’s concept of spatial practice, also applied by Kelleher, makes the divisions physically present in the town scape – as the case is in Belfast – and the local tradition of “telling” keeps the divisions alive in stories and other mental images. The borderlandscapes are thus haunted by the ever-present mapping of the populations in us/them, either/or, here/not there, a mapping of people, which is also constantly brought into being by local talk.
Anmeldelse af Når embedsmænd lovgiver
Authors: Jensen Henrik
Published: March 2022

Jørgen Grønnegård Christensen, Jørgen Albæk Jensen, Peter Bjerre Mortensen og Helene Helboe Pedersen: Når embedsmænd lovgiver. København: DJØF Forlag, 2020, 239 sider, 285 kr. (anmeldt af Henrik Jensen)
Anmeldelse af Fornyelse eller kollaps? En kritik og gentænkning af offentlig styring
Authors: Hansen Hanne Foss
Published: March 2022

Finn Østrup, Jørgen Jørgensen og Jesper Zwisler: Fornyelse eller kollaps? En kritik og gentænkning af offentlig styring. Frederiksberg: Samfundslitteratur (2020), 398 sider, 398 kr. (anmeldt af Hanne Foss Hansen)
Kontraprotest – unges politiske engagement
Authors: Lieberkind Jonas
Published: March 2022

På baggrund af The International Civic and Citizenship Education Study samt et kvalitativt studie af danske unge født i starten af 00’erne ønsker denne artikel at undersøge og diskutere såvel empirisk som teoretisk en række af de afgørende erfaringer og opfattelser, som ligger til grund for og former disse unges politiske engagement. De to studier viser, at der er stor politisk vilje, interesse og viden blandt unge, men samtidig en udbredt reservation over for at protestere og at deltage i offentlige politiske aktiviteter. Artiklens tese er, at deres engagementsform kan betragtes som en kontraprotest. Kontraprotesten dækker over et stigende engagement, som fravælger protest og støtter op om det konventionelle system, hvorved der frigives ressourcer til nye og anderledes typer af samfundsmæssige engagementer.
Anmeldelse af Rusland som militær stormagt
Authors: Skak Mette
Published: March 2022

Niels Bo Poulsen og Jørgen Staun (red.), Rusland som militær stormagt. (Studier i global politik og sikkerhed). DJØF forlag, 2021.
Anmeldelse af Livet i Magtens Rugekasse. Fortalt gennem fem generationer
Authors: Vedung Evert
Published: March 2022

Poul Erik Mouritzen (red.), Livet i Magtens Rugekasse. Fortalt gennem fem generationer. Aarhus: Politica, 2020, 220 sider, 199 kr.
The good citizen: Minority and majority youths’ definitions of and experiences with citizenship in Denmark
Authors: Bakkær Simonsen Kristina
Published: March 2022

Young adults’ abilities and willingness to support and live up to dominant citizen ideals are often questioned, particularly for minority ethnic youths. Based on inductive analysis of 71 interviews, I demonstrate that minority and majority youths share a conception of “the good citizen” as someone who is law-abiding and socially and economically contributing. At the same time, the differential societal status of the two groups affects which of “the good citizen’s” traits and duties they stress, and whether they see themselves as being in a position to make claims to citizenship. While majority youths emphasize political reflection and participation, minority youths place greater weight on not stepping out of line. As such, power and status shape citizenship ideals.
Political efficacy and political trust among descendants: The significance of perceived public hostility towards Muslims and refugees
Authors: Vestergaard Ahrensberg Nanna , Hansen Kir , Kriegbaum Jensen Kristian
Published: March 2022

How do ethnic minorities integrate politically when they experience a hostile political climate towards non-western immigration? We study this important yet underexplored question through a unique Danish survey from 2018 among 20-30-year-old descendants of immigrants and a control group of Danish origin. This study goes further than earlier studies and analyzes the correlation between young adults’ own perception of public hostility against Muslims and refugees and their political efficacy and political trust. The analysis shows a notably stronger correlation among Muslim descendants, and especially among the most religious of them, but only related to their external political efficacy and political trust. Internal political efficacy is rather unaffected, which indicates an unexploited potential for political mobilization.
Growing into democracy, justification and autonomy for youth in Denmark and Sweden
Authors: Sjöstedt William
Published: March 2022

Is it legitimate to exclude youth from Denmark and Sweden’s democracies? This article starts from the ideal that democracy and personal autonomy are deeply connected, in theory and in the context. A policy analysis is conducted on youth participation and autonomy from a critical perspective of democracy as justification of a social order. The aim is to clarify the normative background of youth exclusion contextually and evaluate its legitimacy. The analysis shows that the primary purpose of inclusion is development of capacity for autonomy and that the right to ethical autonomy is respected unless it threatens development of future autonomy. However, a wide set of legal and social responsibilities placed on young people have no corresponding democratic rights, motivated by a lack of capacity for autonomy. This is a form of arbitrary rule, and youth are justified to demand more access to democratic participation.

Keywords: democratic legitimacy, critical theory, youth, Denmark, Sweden
The political information environment in Denmark 2.0
Authors: Blach-Ørsten Mark , Mayerhöffer Eva
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes and discusses recent developments in the political information environment in Denmark, understood as the supply of and demand for political news and political information in a given society. The article focuses on the supply of and demand for (political) news by traditional news media and alternative news media, as offered offline, online and on social media. The article shows that leading traditional news media are still the cornerstone of Danish news consumption, but also that users with lower levels of education and income from outside the Copenhagen area access traditional news outlets less frequently than the rest of the population. For social media, the analysis shows that Facebook remains the dominant social media platform in Denmark. At the same time, only 13 percent of Danish citizens consider “social media” as their most important source of news. Finally, the analysis of the Danish alternative media landscape shows that the monopoly position of traditional news media as a provider of news and views to a wide audience is increasingly challenged by a very heterogeneous group of new online media that includes hyperpartisan media, slow news media and debate-oriented media. The article concludes by discussing how the changes in the political information landscape can affect the democratic dialogue in Denmark.
Trust in Danish journalists and news media: in decay or not?
Authors: Andersen Kim , Van Dalen Arjen , Hopmann David Nicolas , Skovsgaard Morten , Albæk Erik
Published: March 2022

In this article, we examine 1) how trust in Danish journalists and news media has developed over time, 2) whether trust in different types of news media differs, and 3) how people’s party preference affect their trust in journalists and news media. Our analyses are based on comprehensive data from the European Commission, the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Radius Kommunikation, and DR Media Research, and show 1) that trust in journalists and news media is stable over time, 2) that people have higher trust in public service news and quality newspapers and lower trust in tabloid news media, and 3) that party preference explains some variations in trust.
Frikommuneforsøg bør (også) forstås ud fra en innovationsdoktrin
Authors: Hjelmar Ulf , Leth Jakobsen Mads
Published: March 2022

Der er en lang dansk og nordisk tradition for frikommuneforsøg, hvor kommuner får undtagelser fra lovgivningen, så de kan eksperimentere med nye velfærdsløsninger. På trods af et stort samfundsmæssigt fokus på fænomenet er der er behov for at kvalificere de styringsdoktriner, som beslutningstagere kan bruge til at udvikle og evaluere frikommuneforsøg. Gennem en analyse af frikommuneidéen og de danske frikommuneforsøgs udvikling og indhold identificeres styrker og svagheder i de historisk mest centrale styringsdoktriner – bureaukrati, New Public Management og New Public Governance. Disse doktriner giver imidlertid ikke et fuldt dækkende grundlag for at forstå frikommuneforsøgenes innovative kerne og de styringsmuligheder, der knytter sig hertil. I artiklen introduceres derfor en supplerende innovationsdoktrin, der direkte kan adressere centrale elementer i innovationsprocesser centreret omkring entreprenørskab og spredning inden for en statslig rammesætning af lokale innovative eksperimenter.
Free municipality experiments should (also) be understood using an innovation doctrine
Authors: Hjelmar Ulf , Leth Jakobsen Mads
Published: March 2022

There is a long-standing Danish and Scandinavian tradition for free municipality experiments where municipalities are granted exemptions from legislation so that they can experiment with new welfare solutions. Despite a strong societal focus on the phenomenon, there is a need to qualify the governance doctrines decision makers can use to develop and evaluate free municipality experiments. Through an analysis of the idea behind free municipalities and the development and content of the Danish free municipality experiments, strengths and weakness are identified in the most relevant governance doctrines historically – bureaucracy, New Public Management and New Public Governance. However, this does not provide a full understanding of the innovative logic of the programs and the associated opportunities for governance. The article introduces an innovation doctrine as an additional management doctrine that can address the innovative logic and experimental behavior of political entrepreneurs at the local level and support policies and programs provided by the state.
Anmeldelse af Efterkrigstidens økonomiske og sociale reformer
Authors: Christensen Jens Peter
Published: March 2022

Ejvind Damsgård Hansen under medvirken af Lars Lund, Efterkrigstidens økonomiske og sociale reformer. Viggo Kampmann – Idémand og igangsætter. DJØF Forlag, 2021, 165 sider, 250 kr. (anmeldt af Jens Peter Christensen)
Sygdom og trivsel: betydningen af personaleforandringer og offentlige lederes personlighed for hospitalsansattes sygefravær, jobtilfredshed og ledelsestilfredshed
Authors: Gøtzsche-Astrup Oluf , Gottlieb Troels
Published: March 2022

Personalereduktion og personaleforøgelse i den offentlige sektor kan være forbundet med usikkerhed og stress hos medarbejdere. Det er vigtigt, at offentlige ledere kender til de mulige konsekvenser af sådanne markante forandringer for deres medarbejdere. Det er også en ressource, hvis lederne har en personlighed, som modvirker potentielt negative konsekvenser. I dette studie undersøger vi, hvordan personalereduktion, personaleforøgelse og lederens personlighed hænger sammen med langtidssygefravær, jobtilfredshed og ledelsestilfredshed blandt 146 afdelingssygeplejersker og deres 3426 ansatte fra Region Hovedstadens hospitaler. Personalereduktion er forbundet med øget langtidssygefravær men ikke jobtilfredshed eller ledelsestilfredshed. Personaleforøgelse har derimod en sammenhæng med både mindre langtidssygefravær og større ledelsestilfredshed. Ledere, der er mere følelsesmæssigt afbalancerede, har medarbejdere med større jobtilfredshed og ledelsestilfredshed.
Det arktiske vindue – et kig til Grønlands udenrigspolitik
Authors: Hviid Alexander Niels-Jacob
Published: March 2022

I både hjemmestyreloven og senere selvstyreloven er det slået fast, at Grønland havde og har et vist juridisk handlerum til selv at føre udenrigspolitik. Det har imidlertid altid været uklart, præcist hvor stort dette udenrigspolitiske handlerum er. Denne juridiske uklarhed kom til udtryk i praksis i casen det ”arktiske vindue” fra 1999. Dengang som nu havde København og Nuuk divergerende opfattelser af Grønlands udenrigspolitiske handlerum. Denne forskellighed blev ikke kommunikeret åbent men snarere fejet ind under gulvtæppet. Den grundlæggende juridiske uklarhed er imidlertid blevet videreført i selvstyreloven, som er gældende i dag. De dynamikker, som denne artikel belyser, fortsætter derfor med at præge dansk-grønlandske relationer. Dette bliver mere problematisk efterhånden, som den geopolitiske konkurrence øges, og rigsfælleskabet skal håndtere et stigende antal internationale aktører i Arktis.
North Atlantic mandates in the Danish Parliament, the Folketing
Authors: Harder Mette Marie Stæhr
Published: March 2022

Although the history and the future of the Danish Realm are currently questions of great political concern, and the Danish Folketing is an important arena for political life in the Realm, we know little about the North Atlantic mandates in the Danish Folketing. Most notably, we have no knowledge about the difference between the mandates from the Faroe Islands and Greenland: Do they participate in similar ways? Although North Atlantic MPs have acted quite similarly in relation to Danish government formation and have generally been most concerned with parliamentary affairs of specific interest to their homeland, there are important differences. Most notably, Greenlandic members have engaged almost twice as much in most parliamentary activities and they take much less leave.
Danes’ attitudes towards climate taxes on air travel and beef
Authors: Hedegaard Troels Fage
Published: March 2022

Climate taxes are among the most important political tools in the green transition. In Denmark, debates about this often focus on air travel and beef. The study is based on a survey collected after the 2019 national election and shows that there is great support for a climate tax on air travel but not on beef. Moreover, the study shows that support varies across age groups, income, education, and political trust. The effect of these explanations varies between climate taxes on air travel and beef.
Exploring inclusive partnerships: parents, co-production, and the SEND code of practice (2015)
Authors:   , Fleming Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

The Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) Code of Practice (2015) sets out principles for partnership working to address the historical power imbalances and ineffective communication between services and parents; however, it remains unclear how these partnerships could be formed in practice. Although co-production was proposed as an enabler of effective partnerships on the local government level, the institutional or individual levels where parents are most likely to experience partnerships were not discussed. Therefore, firstly, this study aims to explore parental contributions to decision-making processes in partnerships following the implementation of the Code, and secondly, to investigate whether co-production could become a vehicle for inclusive partnerships between parents and practitioners in public services. A Mixed Methods Research, utilising an explanatory sequential design, comprising an online survey followed by interviews, was conducted between November 2017 and June 2018. The study was situated within the theoretical framework of pragmatism and employed the ‘appreciation’ and ‘dream’ elements of an Appreciative Inquiry structure. 144 survey responses from parents/carers were analysed through descriptive analysis and formed the foundation for the second stage of the study – the interviews. Three group interviews and eight individual interviews with 25 parents were analysed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006). The following main themes emerged: parental lived experiences of partnerships; practitioners’ attributes, attitudes, and knowledge; discrepancies between the Code and parental experiences; practices enabling inclusive partnerships; and systemic barriers to effective partnerships. Participants reported that they continue to be mostly positioned as unequal contributors to decision-making for their children and young people following the changes in legislation. Despite the lack of guidance on co-productive partnerships at institutional and individual levels, this study reveals how co-production could empower parents to become equal and valued contributors to decision-making within partnership working. Furthermore, connections among the principles of co-production, the desired by parents approaches to equal and contributory partnerships, and the Code’s guidance on partnerships, demonstrate the potential co-production could offer to inclusive partnerships with parents. A framework that illustrates these connections culminates the discussion in this thesis.
A Study Of Chinese International Student Dropout: Acculturation Experiences And Challenges In A Pre-University English Language Improvement Program
Authors: Wang Peiyu , Zhou George
Published: March 2022

With an increasing number of international students coming to Canada for higher education, Canadian universities are offering diverse English language improvement programs (ELIPs) to improve international students’ English proficiency. However, some Chinese international students struggle to pass such programs and eventually withdraw. This study examines the living and learning experiences of Chinese international students who dropped out of ELIPs and identifies the factors associated with their decisions to drop out. The findings indicate that Chinese international students dropped out due to academic failure that was related to low learning motivation, lack of time management and self-regulation, and insufficient academic and social integration. Implications for educators in higher education, study support services, and students are presented.
Les liens entre les objectifs de formation, les facteurs sociodemographiques et la reussite chez des participants a un MOOC professionnalisant
Authors: Njingang Mbadjoin Théodore , Chaker Rawad
Published: March 2022

This article explores the success factors in a professional Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). On the one hand, we are investigating whether professional goals, success goals, and certification goals are linked to success. On the other hand, we seek to verify whether socio-professional, demographic factors or the time available for training are also linked to success. Our results show that external factors such as gender, occupational group, being employed or not, and availability influence success in continuing online education, rather than conative factors related to professional and learning goals. These results underline the importance of ecological elements in the educational accomplishment in a training situation.
Le choix d’un métier à risque : fantassin de l’infanterie canadienne en temps de guerre
Authors: Chapman Jean-François , Pacom Diane
Published: March 2022

In our opinion, academic research into why young Canadians choose a military career in times of war

remains very peripheral. Nevertheless, during Canada’s mission in Afghanistan, many young people

joined the Canadian Armed Forces, including as infantry soldiers. We address this phenomenon as a way

of reflecting on the sociological, cultural, and existential factors that lead young people to make such a

career choice – one that, in the contemporary context, remains unconventional and can prove fatal. The

notion of risk taking and the role it plays in the lives and career choices of certain young people serves as

both the starting point and common thread for our analysis.
Victor de Aveyron
Authors: Guimarães Rossi Jean Pablo , Maio Eliane Rose
Published: March 2022

Neste estudo, temos por objetivo principal discutir o processo de humanização do sujeito por meio da história de Victor de Aveyron, personagem central do filme “O garoto selvagem”. A história, baseada em fatos reais, conta a tarefa empreendida pelo Dr. Jean Itard na tentativa de educar o “menino selvagem”, conhecido assim por ter sobrevivido durante seus primeiros 11/12 anos de vida, em meios aos bosques do sul da França e longe do convívio humano. Para tanto, nos ancoramos nos pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural (THC) e durante o processo de análise, utilizamos a obra fílmica para discutir como foi o processo de educação do menino Victor. As análises evidenciaram que o isolamento social, vivenciado pelo protagonista, prejudicou o desenvolvimento das características propriamente humanas e mostrou como as ações pedagógicas do Dr. Itard se configuraram como pertinentes e, ao mesmo tempo, não teve êxitos sobre o garoto.
Desafios à escolarização de alunos estrangeiros no município de São Paulo
Authors: Passone Eric Ferdinando , Ribeiro Soraya Magnani Lobo Costa
Published: March 2022

Este artigo trata da realidade e dos desafios da escolarização de alunos estrangeiros em uma escola do município de São Paulo. Com base na revisão de literatura, pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com a equipe gestora e os professores de uma escola que atende migrantes internacionais, discutem-se os limites das políticas públicas educacionais brasileiras em garantir o direto à educação dos migrantes. Os resultados obtidos mostram contradições entre as práticas declaradas pelos entrevistados e as práticas sociais da escola, resultando em dificuldades efetivas dos profissionais em trabalharem com a diversidade cultural que adentra a escola. Evidencia-se, também, a ausência de programas, projetos e ações de inclusão dos migrantes que garantam o direito à educação.
Práxis reflexiva e compreensão do currículo
Authors: Lôbo Gustavo Adolfo d'Almeida , Lima Kátia Regina Rodrigues , De Paula Alisson Slider do Nascimento
Published: March 2022

O artigo tem o objetivo de expor ações desenvolvidas no âmbito do subprojeto do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) do curso de História da Faculdade de Filosofia Dom Aureliano Matos - FAFIDAM. Adota uma metodologia explicativa, na qual um dos autores participou como agente formador no processo em tela e descreve as condições específicas da realização das ações desenvolvidas no programa de iniciação à docência em um campus de uma universidade pública no interior do Ceará, a partir de discussões teóricas, da construção de uma prática formativa que enfoca a práxis reflexiva na formação de docentes para que estes tenham uma postura crítico-reflexiva sobre sua atividade de ensino e sobre o mundo em que estão inseridos. Toma também como referência central a compreensão sobre os aspectos explícitos e ocultos que compõem o currículo e como se portar no sentido de suplantar as limitações que este impõe a um ensino de história que objetive uma formação libertária. O texto conclui que há a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações que enfatizem e possibilitem a postura crítico-reflexiva dos futuros professores e ações que venham a contribuir para a construção de um novo currículo para o ensino de história que contemple as especificidades sócio-culturais dos espaços educativos e do  seu público-alvo.
Práticas educativas integradoras e transformadoras em tempo de pandemia
Authors: Vestena Carla Luciane Blum , Guérios Ettiène
Published: March 2022

Trata-se de um estudo analítico-reflexivo acerca da experiência vivenciada por professoras do município de Marquinho/PR, no momento do retorno à atividade presencial em tempo de pandemia. O objetivo foi identificar os reflexos da experiência formativa em práticas integradoras de professoras protagonistas de um projeto criativo ecoformador (PCE), realizado em um Centro de Educação Infantil (CMEI) participante da Rede Internacional de Escolas Criativas (RIEC). As práticas pedagógicas realizadas por professoras em tempo de pandemia no retorno às atividades presenciais nortearam a questão deflagradora do estudo. As categorias de análise foram: ação, emergência, emoção, prontidão. O aporte teórico foi assentado em Morin (2000; 2003), Zwierewicz (2016; 2019) e Maturana (1999; 2000). Os resultados evidenciaram que as professoras desenvolveram expertise em atuar na emergência, integrando razão e emoção em práticas criativas no processo de recepção escolar pós-pandemia.
Formação de professores da EJA em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Bolfe Marcelo , Portilho Evelise Maria Labatut
Published: March 2022

Este artigo objetiva, a partir de um estudo de caso, descrever os processos que configuram um programa de formação continuada a professores da Educação de Jovens e Adultos no momento da pandemia da COVID-19, com vistas ao desenvolvimento de processos inovadores capazes de produzir mudanças por meio da interação, criatividade e aprendizagem. O estudo de caso se desenvolve nos limites da pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem descritiva e teve os dados gerados a partir de questionário, chat dos encontros, dos aplicativos utilizados nos encontros e do questionário de avaliação do processo de formação realizado com vinte e um professores que atuam em um Centro Estadual de Educação Básica na cidade de Almirante Tamandaré, PR. Tendo por base as análises, percebemos que o momento vivenciado pela pandemia da COVID-19, mostrou que os professores têm vivenciado desafios significativos, como a falta de formação específica em estratégias didáticas que utilizam tecnologias, o difícil acesso à internet por parte dos professores e dos alunos e a falta de equipamentos tecnológicos apropriados em suas práticas pedagógicas, com destaque para a falta de interação vivida na pandemia, distanciando professores de professores e professores de alunos.
Nuclear hormone receptor NHR-49 acts in parallel with HIF-1 to promote hypoxia adaptation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Doering Kelsie RS , Cheng Xuanjin , Milburn Luke , Ratnappan Ramesh , Ghazi Arjumand , Miller Dana L , Taubert Stefan
Published: March 2022

The response to insufficient oxygen (hypoxia) is orchestrated by the conserved hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). However, HIF-independent hypoxia response pathways exist that act in parallel with HIF to mediate the physiological hypoxia response. Here, we describe a hypoxia response pathway controlled by Caenorhabditis elegans nuclear hormone receptor NHR-49, an orthologue of mammalian peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). We show that nhr-49 is required for animal survival in hypoxia and is synthetic lethal with hif-1 in this context, demonstrating that these factors act in parallel. RNA-seq analysis shows that in hypoxia nhr-49 regulates a set of genes that are hif-1-independent, including autophagy genes that promote hypoxia survival. We further show that nuclear hormone receptor nhr-67 is a negative regulator and homeodomain-interacting protein kinase hpk-1 is a positive regulator of the NHR-49 pathway. Together, our experiments define a new, essential hypoxia response pathway that acts in parallel with the well-known HIF-mediated hypoxia response.
Quantification of protein abundance and interaction defines a mechanism for operation of the circadian clock
Authors: Koch Alex A , Bagnall James S , Smyllie Nicola J , Begley Nicola , Adamson Antony D , Fribourgh Jennifer L , Spiller David G , Meng Qing-Jun , Partch Carrie L , Strimmer Korbinian , House Thomas A , Hastings Michael H , Loudon Andrew SI
Published: March 2022

The mammalian circadian clock exerts control of daily gene expression through cycles of DNA binding. Here, we develop a quantitative model of how a finite pool of BMAL1 protein can regulate thousands of target sites over daily time scales. We used quantitative imaging to track dynamic changes in endogenous labelled proteins across peripheral tissues and the SCN. We determine the contribution of multiple rhythmic processes coordinating BMAL1 DNA binding, including cycling molecular abundance, binding affinities, and repression. We find nuclear BMAL1 concentration determines corresponding CLOCK through heterodimerisation and define a DNA residence time of this complex. Repression of CLOCK:BMAL1 is achieved through rhythmic changes to BMAL1:CRY1 association and high-affinity interactions between PER2:CRY1 which mediates CLOCK:BMAL1 displacement from DNA. Finally, stochastic modelling reveals a dual role for PER:CRY complexes in which increasing concentrations of PER2:CRY1 promotes removal of BMAL1:CLOCK from genes consequently enhancing ability to move to new target sites.
PhosVarDeep: deep-learning based prediction of phospho-variants using sequence information
Authors: Liu Xia , Wang Minghui , Li Ao
Published: March 2022

Human DNA sequencing has revealed numerous single nucleotide variants associated with complex diseases. Researchers have shown that these variants have potential effects on protein function, one of which is to disrupt protein phosphorylation. Based on conventional machine learning algorithms, several computational methods for predicting phospho-variants have been developed, but their performance still leaves considerable room for improvement. In recent years, deep learning has been successfully applied in biological sequence analysis with its efficient sequence pattern learning ability, which provides a powerful tool for improving phospho-variant prediction based on protein sequence information. In the study, we present PhosVarDeep, a novel unified deep-learning framework for phospho-variant prediction. PhosVarDeep takes reference and variant sequences as inputs and adopts a Siamese-like CNN architecture containing two identical subnetworks and a prediction module. In each subnetwork, general phosphorylation sequence features are extracted by a pre-trained sequence feature encoding network and then fed into a CNN module for capturing variant-aware phosphorylation sequence features. After that, a prediction module is introduced to integrate the outputs of the two subnetworks and generate the prediction results of phospho-variants. Comprehensive experimental results on phospho-variant data demonstrates that our method significantly improves the prediction performance of phospho-variants and compares favorably with existing conventional machine learning methods.
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl alcohol glycoside reduces acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure in mice by inhibiting hepatocyte ferroptosis and pyroptosis
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Yang Lei , Gao Hejun , Zhuo Yuzhen , Tu Zhengwei , Wang Yongqin , Xun Jing , Zhang Qi , Zhang Lanqiu , Wang Ximo
Published: March 2022

APAP is one of the most commonly used antipyretic and pain medications, but excessive use can cause liver toxicity and damage. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl alcohol glycoside (DAG) is a component isolated from Sargentodoxa cuneata known to have anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of DAG on acute liver failure (ALF) are largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to study the protective effects and mechanism of DAG on APAP-induced ALF in mice. We established an ALF model in adult male pathogen-free C57BL/6 mice treated with APAP (300 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection and resolved by 24 h. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes in mouse liver tissue. The infiltration of neutrophils in liver tissue and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in AML12 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed using relevant kits. Our results show that DAG reduced APAP-induced serum ALT and AST levels, histopathological changes, liver neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines production, also attenuated the accumulation of MDA and the exhaustion of GSH, CAT and SOD. In vitro experiment indicated that DAG dose-dependently inhibited APAP-induced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL18), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preventing GSH depletion in mouse AML12 hepatocytes. More interestingly, DAG inhibited the expression of ERK, HO-1, NLRP3, Caspase1 (p20) and Gasdermin-D and upregulated the expression of GPX4 in liver tissues and AML12hepatocytes. Therefore, our results indicate that DAG may act as a potential agent to treat ALF induced by APAP by inhibiting hepatocyte ferroptosis and pyroptosis.