bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NON-VACUUM PIXE FOR MULTI-ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS IN STREAM WATER
Authors: TOMITA MICHIO , YOSHIDA KOJI , NORIZAWA KEIZO , NAGAI TORU , MUKAI MASAMICHI , FUKUZAWA FUMIO , HARUYAMA YOICHI , TOSAKI MITSUO
Published: November 2004

An improvement has been made on a liquid target preparation for an external proton beam PIXE which is regarded as an excellent technique for multi-elemental analysis of a liquid specimen. A 2.5 MeV proton beam taken out to the atmosphere through an exit Kapton foil bombards an acidic solution target. Such bombardment enables the comparison of X-ray yields of a liquid sample with those of standard solutions so that one can determine the elemental concentration in a liquid sample more precisely and easily. The dose limit of a 7.5 µm Kapton foil was found to be 0.8~1.0 mC for a 2 MeV proton beam of 10 ~ 20 nA in intensity. An example is given for the analysis of heavy metals in stream water.
CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF X-RAYS
Authors: YOSHIHARA K. , IIHARA J.
Published: November 2004

Various aspects of chemical effects on X-ray spectra such as energy shift, emission probability change, satellite formation and peak profile change are reviewed in recent studies. Applicability of the chemical effect to analysis of practical samples is also discussed. Though the emphasis is laid on PIXE, other X-ray production techniques are also taken into consideration because new trends of X-ray production and measurement are growing.
ION CHANNELING AND PIXE STUDIES OF S IMPLANTATION IN GaAs
Authors: SHIJIE LIU , JIANG WANG , ZAOHUEI HU , ZHONGHUONG XIA , ZHIGIANG GAO , XUEMEI WANG
Published: November 2004

GaAs (100) crystals were implanted with 100 keV S+ to a dose of 3×1015 cm−2 in a nonchanneling direction at room temperature, and treated with rapid thermal annealing (RTA). He+ Rutherford backscattering and particle-induced X-ray emission in channeling mode in combination with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the damage and the lattice location of S atoms. It is revealed that the RTA at 950 °C for 10 sec has resulted in a very good recovery of crystallinity with a few residual defects in the form of dislocation loops, and a very high substitutionality (~90%). The activation efficiency and the Hall mobility of the implanted samples are found to be low after the electrical measurements. Based on these results an extended dopant diffusion effect for the residual defects and a correlation between the electrical properties and defect complexes are suggested.
VERTICAL CONCENTRATION PROFILES OF FINE AND COARSE AEROSOL PARTICLES OVER A SUBURBAN SAMPLING SITE NEAR BUDAPEST, HUNGARY
Authors: AMEMIYA S. , KATOH T. , BORBÉLY-KISS I. , KOLTAY E. , SZABÓ GY. , MÉSZÁROS E. , MOLNÁR Á. , VARGA M.
Published: November 2004

Samples of atmospheric aerosol particles collected at various height over a suburban sampling site were analyzed with respect to 13 elements by PIXE method. Concentrations, enrichment factors, and fine-to-coarse concentration ratios of the fractions were obtained by averaging over height distribution. In one of the sampling experiments dry-deposition velocities were deduced for seven elements from the height distribution.
REMARKS ON RELATIONS BETWEEN X-RAY EMISSION AND AUGER TRANSITION RATES AND MOLECULAR PROPERTIES: CHEMICAL EFFECT
Authors: KIMURA M.
Published: November 2004

Relations are pointed out that there exist between (1) the X-ray emission rate and the π bond order and (2) the Auger transition rate and the valence electron density (chemical effects) resulting from C ls vacancy in carbon-containing molecules. Recognition of these relations is very important for analysis of experimental data and for prediction of these quantities, for which no data are available.
ACTIVITIES OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE I (CA I) AND II (CA II) IN ERYTHROCYTES OF A PATIENT WITH CROHN’S DISEASE
Authors: KUMAKAWA TOSHIRO , KONDO TAKAHITO
Published: November 2004

A 22-year-old male was hospitalized with mild fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss and was diagnosed as having Crohn’s disease. Total parenteral nutrition was administered to reduce bowel inflammation and correct nutritional disturbances. During long term intravenous hyperalimentation, the serum zinc level fell to 27 μg/dl and the patient developed acrodermatitis enteropathica and pancreatitis. Zinc supplementation resulted in the disappearance of these complications. Erythrocyte CA I-specific activity was 0.35 units/mg before zinc replacement, and recovered to 0.62 units/mg when the serum zinc level reached 124 μg/dl. CA I is present not only in erythrocytes but also in gastrointestinal epithelia, vascular endothelium, and sweat glands. To date there are no specific laboratory tests that reliably document tissue zinc deficiency. However, erythrocyte CA I activity may reflect the actual zinc status.
RESEARCH ON THE CORRELATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN WHOLE BLOOD WITH ACUTE LEUKEMIA BY PIXE
Authors: Yin Sha , Pingsheng Liu , Peiqun Zhang , Guodong Liu , Han Lin , Bing Yang , Linsheng Qian
Published: November 2004

The contents of multi-elements in whole blood from 115 patients with 7 different types of acute leukemia and 38 well matched healthy controls have been determined by means of proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The number of available analyzed elements was as many as 11, mainly due to the use of a 100 um thick Cr funny foi1 as an absorber. The contents of elements Cu, Ca, S, P, Si and the ratio of Cu to Zn (Cu/Zn) were higher and those of elements Zn, K, Fe, Al and Rb were lower with high significant differences (P<0. 01) in acute leukemia patients than in norma1 controls. The results indicate that the contents of Cu, Zn, and the ratio Cu/Zn are useful indices of disease activity. The elements of Al and Rb may play important roles in acute leukemia etiology,
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN HEALTH IMPACT OF COAL BURNING POWER STATIONS
Authors: Valkovic V. , Cereda E. , Menapece E. , Moschini G. , Valkovic O.
Published: November 2004

Environmental and health impact of coal burning power plants due to particulate emission is considered. As a result of coal burning large number of toxic elements are released into the atmosphere. The quantity released depends on the particulate control system, furnance design, mineral content of the coal and existing emission control standards.

The pathways of toxic elements from coal burning power plants to man as well as dose-response effects could be considered by the applications of PIXE and μ-PIXE as analytical techniques. It is demonstrated that, in addition to concentration levels, information on concentration profiles (surface enrichment) of elements on fly ash particles, having diameter of few micrometers or less is essential.
K-THEORY FOR FRÉCHET ALGEBRAS
Authors: PHILLIPS N. CHRISTOPHER
Published: November 2004

We define K-theory for Fréchet algebras (assumed to be locally multiplicatively convex) so as to simultaneously generalize K-theory for σ-C*-algebras and K-theory for Banach algebras. The main results on K-theory of σ-C*-algebras, which are analogs of standard theorems on representable K-theory of spaces, carry over to the more general case. Our theory also gives the expected results in two other cases. If the invertible elements of a Fréchet algebra are an open set, as is the case for dense subalgebras of C*-algebras closed under holomorphic functional calculus, then our theory agrees with the result of applying the Banach algebra definition. For commutative unital Fréchet algebras, our K-theory is the same as the representable K-theory of the maximal ideal space with its compactly generated topology.
SUBMANIFOLDS WITH CONSTANT PRINCIPAL CURVATURES AND NORMAL HOLONOMY GROUPS
Authors: HEINTZE E. , OLMOS C. , THORBERGSSON G.
Published: November 2004

A submanifold has by definition constant principal curvatures if the eigenvalues of the shape operators Aξ are constant for any parallel normal field ξ along any curve. It is shown that a submanifold of Euclidean space has constant principal curvatures if and only if it is an isoparametric or a focal manifold of an isoparametric submanifold. Furthermore a "homogeneous slice theorem" is proved which says that the fibres of the projection of an isoparametric submanifold onto a full focal manifold are homogeneous isoparametric. To this end it is shown that any two points of an isoparametric submanifold can be connected by a piecewise differentiable curve whose pieces are tangent to one of the simultaneous eigenspaces Ei, i ∈ I, of the shape operators provided that the corresponding reflections generate the Weyl group of the isoparametric submanifold.
C*-ALGEBRAS ASSOCIATED WITH SETS OF SEMIGROUPS OF ISOMETRIES
Authors: ARVESON WILLIAM
Published: November 2004

Let U0, U1, …, Un be a (finite or infinite) sequence of semigroups of isometries which act on the same separable Hilbert space H, n = 1, 2, …, ∞. {Uj} is said to be orthogonal if for all i ≠ j we have [Formula: see text] With every such sequence we associate a separable C*-algebra [Formula: see text]. These C*-algebras [Formula: see text], n = 1, 2, …, ∞, are the "continuous time" analogues of the Cuntz C*-algebras [Formula: see text], n = 2, 3, …, ∞, in the same sense that the Wiener-Hopf C*-algebra is the continuous time analogue of the Toeplitz C*-algebra. For example, we show that they are nuclear unitless C*-algebras which have no closed nontrivial ideals. Indeed, we show that each [Formula: see text] is stably isomorphic to one of the spectral C*-algebras which arise in the theory of E0-semigroups.
MODULES OVER MONOTONE COMPLETE C*-ALGEBRAS
Authors: HAMANA MASAMICHI
Published: November 2004

The main result asserts that given two monotone complete C*-algebras A and B, B is faithfully represented as a monotone closed C*-subalgebra of the monotone complete C*-algebra End A(X) consisting of all bounded module endomorphisms of some self-dual Hilbert A-module X if and only if there are sufficiently many normal completely positive maps of B into A. The key to the proof is the fact that each pre-Hilbert A-module can be completed uniquely to a self-dual Hilbert A-module.
HARMONIC MORPHISMS AND HERMITIAN STRUCTURES ON EINSTEIN 4-MANIFOLDS
Authors: WOOD JOHN C.
Published: November 2004

We show that a submersive harmonic morphism from an orientable Einstein 4-manifold M4 to a Riemann surface, or a conformal foliation of M4 by minimal surfaces, determines an (integrable) Hermitian structure with respect to which it is holomorphic. Conversely, any nowhere-Kähler Hermitian structure of an orientable anti-self-dual Einstein 4-manifold arises locally in this way. In the case M4=ℝ4 we show that a Hermitian structure, viewed as a map into S2, is a harmonic morphism; in this case and for S4, [Formula: see text] we determine all (submersive) harmonic morphisms to surfaces locally, and, assuming a non-degeneracy condition on the critical points, globally.
IRREDUCIBLE BIMODULES ASSOCIATED WITH CROSSED PRODUCT ALGEBRAS
Authors: KOSAKI HIDEKI , YAMAGAMI SHIGERU
Published: November 2004

Crossed-product factors F⋊Γ⊃F⋊H, F⋊K and bimodules naturally arising from them are considered. Basic properties of these bimodules (necessary to study inclusion relations of factors) are established together with some applications.
Optimization and Expert Systems with Neural Networks
Authors: HUMPERT B. , DE KORVIN A.
Published: November 2004

Neural Networks (NN) provide the framework for the optimization of highly complex problems, known as NP-complete. At the same time NN allow in an elegant way for the implementation of forward and backward chaining Expert Systems (ESs) where the knowledge is represented by production rules but non-explicit domain knowledge can also be learnt. The use of fuzzy logic allows for the processing of partial and uncertain information. As a representative example for optimization we discuss the Traveling Salesman problem (TSP) covering also recent progress, and subsequently we focus on the connectionist ESs, some of them using fuzzy logic. We finally point to the possibility of a unified framework.
Acceleration Algorithms in Monte Carlo Simulations in Statistical Physics
Authors: SWENDSEN ROBERT H.
Published: November 2004

Monte Carlo simulations of thermodynamic phase transitions are usually hampered by long relaxation times due to the phenomenon of “critical slowing down.” Using a mapping due to Fortuin and Kasteleyn, a cluster approach to Monte Carlo simulations has been developed, which greatly reduces relaxation times, improving efficiency by up to two or three orders of magnitude. New developments and extensions of this approach are also discussed.
Modified Lanczos Method for Optimal Polynomial Approximation of the Solution of Differential Equations with Polynomial Coefficients
Authors: BERDNICOV A.S.
Published: November 2004

The construction of an approximate analytical solution of a differential equation is an important task for a variety of physical models. A solution in analytical form allows to investigate the properties of a model, and the use of numerical methods allows to construct a parametrized approximate solution when the strict solution is absent.
Numerical Model of the Spherical Elastic Wave Propagation in a Nonlinear Medium
Authors: BERESNEV IGOR
Published: November 2004

There are new experimental results showing that nonlinear effects are significant in seismic wave propagation through the upper part of the geological medium [1]. Nevertheless, no adequate models exist in seismology to describe theoretically such events. I describe here an attempt to derive a wave equation for the spherical nonlinear elastic wave and to solve it numerically.
A Procedure for the Extraction of Multiple Body Wave Traveltimes From Seismological Waveform Data
Authors: BOKELMANN GÖTZ H.R. , SILVER PAUL G.
Published: November 2004

A scheme for extracting multiple phase body wave traveltimes is presented which is most applicable to teleseismic broadband and short period data from permanent and portable instruments. The method specifically allows for the nonlinear dependence of waveforms on travel time by performing a nonlinear search over a reduced set of “projected model parameters”. This reduced set is found by splitting the method into two parts, the nonlinear dependence of waveforms on traveltime perturbations (particularly strong for broadband and short period data) and the linearizable dependence of travel time perturbations on variations in seismic velocity. By use of generalized inverse, the traveltime perturbations can be adequately characterized by a reduced number of linear combinations of model parameters. Consequently, the nonlinear search is performed over an optimally compact model space. The technique can consider simultaneously a large number of body wave phases creating a systematic methodology for extracting large numbers of traveltimes from single source-receiver pairs. The resulting path model may or may not be of physical significance; the primary goal is the extraction of travel times that may be subsequently used for a more comprehensive travel time inversion.
N-dimensional Numerical Integration over a Delta Function
Authors: DRYE T.J. , TUCKER J.W.
Published: November 2004

We present a method of numerical integration over N-dimensional space of integrals containing a delta function constraint. The method outlined below extends the method of Kaprzyk and Mijnarends and describes an efficient algorithm for N-dimensional tessellation.
Computer Aided Physical Laboratory in CAMAC System
Authors: DUDA P. , GRABSKI J. , KOTUR J. , PERYT W. , PROBOSZCZ L. , ZYLA Z. , KUPCZAK R.
Published: November 2004

A new “on-line” physical laboratory for students is presented. Two standards of interfaces are used for communication: CAMAC and GPIB. Programs use pull-down menus fully described in Polish language (the display works in graphics mode). It resembles the “decision tree” technique. The program leads the user by the hand offering him a set of options to choose. Every time a brief help is available on the screen. The assistance can give students more freedom because a computer program watches every mistake that could destroy the device.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Applied to the Study of Optical Absorption Spectra of Nd2O3
Authors: EDVARDSSON SVERKER , WOLF MATS , THOMAS JOSH , FLORES ANTONIO
Published: November 2004

An analysis is made of the optical absorption spectra for rare-earth ions in the presence of different local crystal environments. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is performed to provide a large ensemble of configurations for which the quantum-mechanical formalism of Judd and Ofelt for electric dipole transitions has been applied. Preliminary calculations for Nd2O3 are presented from which a dynamical picture of the spectrum emerges in which the intensity of some lines are seen to undergo substantial changes during the simulation. This suggests the existence of special arrangements of atoms for which transitions are particularly favorable.
Porting a 3D-Turbulence Simulation to a Multi-Processor System
Authors: GEERTSEMA GERTIE , BURM HUGO
Published: November 2004

The performance of several computers is examined using a 3D-turbulence simulation. Results are given for test runs using the original program as well as a partially optimized/vectorized version. Special attention is given to porting the code to a multiprocessor transputer system.

The results of the simulations are presented in two ways: (1) energy versus lengthscales plotted at subsequent time steps, and (2) for each lenghtscale a color scale is used to represent the energy.
Monte Carlo Renormalization of the 3-D-Ising Model and the Analyticity of Block-Spin Transformations
Authors: SMIT T.S. , HERINGA J.R. , BLÖTE H.W.J. , COMPAGNER A. , FONK Y.T.J.C. , HOOGLAND A.
Published: November 2004

We present a new analysis on Monte Carlo Renormalization Group (MCRG) results obtained earlier by means of the Delft Ising System Processor (DISP). The MCRG data involve a total of 57 coupling constants, 36 even and 21 odd. Simulations were carried out for simple cubic lattices with 643, 323 and 163 spins.

The RG transformation is assumed to be analytic. A number of relations exist between correlation functions at different renormalization levels. Some of these involve the derivatives of the stability matrix. These correlation functions enable an analysis of the so-called regular part of the RG transformation. If the Hamiltonian of the original lattice only contains nearest-neighbour couplings then the regular contributions to the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility can be easily determined. These contributions must depend only weakly on the initial lattice size, at least if the RG transformation is analytic. We investigated whether this is indeed true when the majority-rule is applied.

New simulations involving higher-order correlations will enable us to study the analytic contributions in more detail.
Optimization by Numerical Simulation of the Focusing Properties of Self-Magnetically Insulated Ion Diodes
Authors: WESTERMANN THOMAS
Published: November 2004

We present two-dimensional electromagnetic computer simulation results performed in order to investigate the focusing properties of self-magnetically insulated ion diodes. It has been shown computationally that in the case of the self-magnetically insulated bθ-diode the power density can be improved by a factor 10 by changing the anode surface.
Numerical Study of the Phase Equilibria and Molecular Dynamics of Stiff-Chain Polymers in Solution
Authors: WNEK MACIEJ , MOŚCICKI JOSEF K.
Published: November 2004

The zero-shear viscosity and dielectric relaxation are studied numerically for several model solutions of polydisperse rods. The phase equilibrium calculation is based on the Warner-Flory lattice theory [1]. In the biphasic range of the solutions two different models of phase mixing are considered.
DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES OF NEURAL NETWORKS WITH CORRELATED PATTERNS
Authors: MARANGI C. , NARDULLI G. , PASQUARIELLO G.
Published: November 2004

We investigate the retrieval properties of fully connected saturated neural networks trained by the Edinburgh algorithm with correlated patterns {ξi}. We evaluate the effect of the correlation on the overlap between {ξi} and the network configuration after one time step and on the basins of attraction. We also show that the introduction of the thermal noise does not change the domains of attraction of the correlated memories.
ON THE REAL POWER OF LOOSELY COUPLED PARALLEL ARCHITECTURES
Authors: COSNARD MICHEL , FERREIRA AFONSO
Published: November 2004

We propose new models of SIMD distributed memory parallel computers. We define concurrent read/write access also for machines other than PRAM. Our goal is to unify the description of abstract models of parallel machines with the aim of building a complexity theory where all models can be soundly compared. As an example, we introduce the Hypercube Random Access Machine with concurrent read/write capabilities, and show that it can solve some problems faster than the PRAM.
SYNTHESIS OF PROCESSOR ARRAYS FOR THE ALGEBRAIC PATH PROBLEM: UNIFYING OLD RESULTS AND DERIVING NEW ARCHITECTURES
Authors: RISSET TANGUY , ROBERT YVES
Published: November 2004

In this paper, we derive array processors which are synthesized from uniform but non-local DAGs. We introduce limited broadcast facilities that can be adjusted to cope with current integration constraints. Our target problem is the Algebraic Path Problem, whose implementation on systolic architectures has been studied by numerous authors. We show how to compare, to classify and to improve several proposed architectures.
PHYSICAL STATES OF THE TOPOLOGICAL SCHWINGER MODEL
Authors: ITOI CHIGAK , MUKAIDA HISAMITSU
Published: November 2004

The Schwinger model with the strong coupling limit is studied as a topological field theory both in the path-integral and in the Hamiltonian formalism. The correlation functions between arbitrary numbers of physical operators are obtained. All the physical states in this model are completely determined in the Hamiltonian formalism. The relationship between a physical operator and the generator of a large gauge transformation is clarified. The chiral condensation is also calculated.
INFLUENCE OF CHARGINOS AND NEUTRALINOS ON THE ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT OF THE MUON WITH AND WITHOUT R-PARITY BREAKING
Authors: KÖNIG HEINZ
Published: November 2004

We present a detailed calculation of the contribution ∆aμ to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, when charginos and neutralinos are taken into account inside the relevant penguin diagrams. We consider the minimal supersymmetric standard model and include spontaneous R-parity breaking through the vacuum expectation value ντ of the scalar tau neutrino [Formula: see text]. We show that R-parity breaking leads to a result for Δaμ, which is less than a factor 10 below the experimental value.
CORRELATION FUNCTIONS OF MINIMAL MODELS COUPLED TO TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM SUPERGRAVITY
Authors: AOKI KENICHIRO , D’HOKER ERIC
Published: November 2004

We compute the three-point functions of Neveu-Schwarz primary fields of the minimal models on the sphere when coupled to supergravity in two dimensions. The results show that the three-point correlation functions are determined by the scaling dimensions of the fields, as in the bosonic case.
SEMICLASSICAL AND QUANTUM WORMHOLES
Authors: WADA SUMIO
Published: November 2004

Four-dimensional wormholes are classical solutions of Euclidean gravity which express the process for the creation of baby universes through the tunneling. But a problem is that they exist only in certain types of models.

However, we should note that the semiclassical treatment of tunneling does not necessarily requires the existence of “physical” classical solutions. Solutions of classical equations of motion in unphysical regions sometimes represent relevant saddle points for the path integrals. We show that quantum mechanical wormholes proposed recently by Hawking and Page can be interpreted semiclassically in this way.

We also discuss how the wormholes can be treated by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. It is essential to choose an appropriate superspace for the wormholes.
PHYSICAL SPECTRUM OF CHIRAL SCHWINGER MODEL IN THE MATTER GAUGE
Authors: KIM WON-TAE , KIM JAE-KWAN , PARK YOUNG-JAI , KIM KEE YONG , KIM YONGDUK
Published: November 2004

We study the physical spectrum and the fermionic operator solutions of the chiral Schwinger model and the minimal chiral Schwinger model in the matter gauge.
NEUTRINO DARK MATTER WITH A GALACTIC-RANGE NEW FORCE
Authors: KAWASAKI M. , MURAYAMA H. , YANAGIDA T.
Published: November 2004

We propose a new force of the galactic range acting among massive neutrinos to weaken the phase space constraint for the neutrino dark halo. As a consequence we find that the neutrino with mass 10 eV becomes a candidate for the galaxy dark halo to explain the observed flat rotation curves. Cosmological consequence of the new force is briefly discussed. It is, furthermore, pointed out that the new force can be naturally incorporated into the see-saw model for the neutrino mass.
ANTISYMMETRIC TENSOR FIELD COUPLED TO CHIRAL MATTER AND DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY BREAKING
Authors: LALAK ZYGMUNT , OVRUT BURT A. , THOMAS STEVEN
Published: November 2004

The minimal coupling of chiral fermions to a second rank antisymmetric tensor field is considered, and an alternative to the standard model is discussed in which the Higgs doublet is replaced by a real scalar and a second rank antisymmetric tensor. The dynamical breaking of electroweak symmetry, via the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio mechanism, is shown to occur due to natural four-Fermi interactions. The mean field theory due to instanton configurations in the antisymmetric tensor field is also presented and possible cosmological applications of this model are discussed.
TOPOLOGICAL LANDAU-GINZBURG MATTER FROM SP(N)K FUSION RINGS
Authors: BOURDEAU MICHELLE , MLAWER ELI J. , RIGGS HAROLD , SCHNITZER HOWARD J.
Published: November 2004

We find and analyze the Landau-Ginzburg potentials whose critical points determine chiral rings which are exactly the fusion rings of SP (N)K WZW models. The quasihomogeneous part of the potential associated with SP (N)K is the same as the quasihomogeneous part of that associated with SU (N+1)K, showing that these potentials are different perturbations of the same Grassmannian potential.

Twisted N=2 topological Landau-Ginzburg theories are derived from these superpotentials. The correlation functions, which are just the SP (N)K Verlinde dimensions, are expressed as fusion residues.

We note that the SP (N)K and SP (K)N topological Landau-Ginzburg theories are identical, and that while the SU (N)K and SU (K)N topological Landau-Ginzburg models are not, they are simply related.
QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL SCALES FOR THE xn ANHARMONIC OSCILLATOR
Authors: ANDERSON J.T.
Published: November 2004

The classical fine structure around a singular point has been shown to be smoothed out by h in quantum mechanics. For the xn anharmonic oscillator in the semiclassical approximation this result is shown to set a quantum length scale [Formula: see text] below which the fine structure is not observable. The length scale allows canonical quantization in terms of the ratio of the quantum to semiclassical scales [Formula: see text]. This ratio is equivalent to ratios of the quantum to semiclassical scales in action and energy and provides a measure of the departure of semiclassical from quantum invariants.
SIMULATIONS OF FOUR-DIMENSIONAL SIMPLICIAL QUANTUM GRAVITY AS DYNAMICAL TRIANGULATION
Authors: AGISHTEIN M.E. , MIGDAL A.A.
Published: November 2004

Four-Dimensional Simplicial Quantum Gravity is simulated using the dynamical triangulation approach. We studied simplicial manifolds of spherical topology and found the critical line for the cosmological constant as a function of the gravitational one, separating the phases of opened and closed Universe. When the bare cosmological constant approaches this line from above, the four-volume grows: we reached about 5×104 simplexes, which proved to be sufficient for the statistical limit of infinite volume. However, for the genuine continuum theory of gravity, the parameters of the lattice model should be further adjusted to reach the second order phase transition point, where the correlation length grows to infinity. We varied the gravitational constant, and we found the first order phase transition, similar to the one found in three-dimensional model, except in 4D the fluctuations are rather large at the transition point, so that this is close to the second order phase transition. The average curvature in cutoff units is large and positive in one phase (gravity), and small negative in another (antigravity). We studied the fractal geometry of both phases, using the heavy particle propagator to define the geodesic map, as well as with the old approach using the shortest lattice paths. The heavy propagator geodesic appeared to be much smoother, so that the scaling laws were found, corresponding to finite fractal dimensions: D+~2.3 in the gravity phase and D−~4.6 in the antigravity phase. Similar, but somewhat lower numbers were obtained from the heat kernel singularity. The influence of the αR2 terms in 2, 3 and 4 dimensions is discussed.
GENERALIZED DUALITY AND SINGULAR STRINGS IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS
Authors: BARS I. , SFETSOS K.
Published: November 2004

Deformations of gauged WZW actions are constructed for any pair (G, H) by taking different embeddings of the gauge group H⊂G as it acts on the left and right of the group element g. This leads to models that are dual to each other, generalizing the axial/vector duality of the two-dimensional black hole manifold. The classical equations are completely solved for any pair (G, H) and in particular for the anti-de-Sitter string based on SO (d−1,2)/ SO (d−1,1) for which the normal modes are determined. Duality is demonstrated for models that have the same set of normal modes. Concentrating on SO (2, 2)/ SO (2, 1), the metric and dilaton fields of the d=3 string as well as some of the dual generalizations are obtained. They have curvature singularities and represent new singular solutions of Einstein’s general relativity in three dimensions.
FROM VIRASORO CONSTRAINTS IN KONTSEVICH’S MODEL TO ${\mathcal W}$-CONSTRAINTS IN TWO-MATRIX MODELS
Authors: MARSHAKOV A. , MIRONOV A. , MOROZOV A.
Published: November 2004

The Ward identities in Kontsevich-like one-matrix models are used to prove at the level of discrete matrix models the suggestion of Gava and Narain, which relates the degree of potential in asymmetric two-matrix model to the form of [Formula: see text]-constraints imposed on its partition function.
CONSTRAINTS OF AXIONS FROM WHITE DWARF COOLING
Authors: WANG JIN
Published: November 2004

In this paper, we perform numerical calculations on the white dwarf cooling process. We found that it provides a constraint on the axion mass. The upper bound is 0.01 eV.
NUCLEAR LEVEL DENSITIES CORRECTED FOR FINITE SIZE EFFECTS
Authors: YEN G.D. , MILLER H.G.
Published: November 2004

Finite size corrections in the calculation of nuclear level densities are considered within the framework of a Fermi gas model. A simple geometrical correction to the single particle density of states leads to an increase in the Fermi energy which drastically reduces the many body density of states. For light nuclei such as 24Mg, the nuclear level density at T≡3 MeVis reduced by roughly an order of magnitude when finite size effects are taken into account and the reduction is more pronounced in heavier systems such as 208Pb.
SELF-CONSISTENT SOLUTION OF THE SIMULTANEOUS SCHWINGER-DYSON EQUATION IN STRONG COUPLING QED
Authors: KONDO KEI-ICHI , MINO HIDETOSHI , NAKATANI HAJIME
Published: November 2004

In the strong coupling region of QED, we have obtained a numerical solution to the simultaneous Schwinger-Dyson equation for the fermion and the photon propagators. It is shown that there is a critical point separating the spontaneous-chiral-symmetry-breaking (strong coupling) phase and the weak coupling phase. This critical point is consistently interpreted as the second order phase transition point at which the continuum limit of cutoff QED may be taken. The vacuum polarization function obtained in this framework exhibits essentially the same asymptotic uv behavior as that predicted from the one-loop calculation. The scaling behavior is not inconsistent with the mean-field result as predicted from the one-loop case, which favors the triviality of QED.
“LOCAL” VERSUS “NONLOCAL” HOPF TERMS ARE THEY EQUIVALENT?
Authors: OTSU HIDEHARU , SATO TOSHIRO
Published: November 2004

We examine equivalence among the (2+1)-dimensional models with the well known topological terms. It is shown that the O(3) nonlinear σ-(or CP1-)model with the Hopf term written in local form is not generally equivalent to the model with the Hopf term written in nonlocal form or the model coupled with the Chern-Simons term. It is also pointed out that the “local” Hopf term turns out to be equivalent to the “nonlocal” Hopf term, if some conditions are satisfied.
ALTERING THE SYMMETRY OF WAVE FUNCTIONS IN QUANTUM ALGEBRAS AND SUPERSYMMETRY
Authors: ZACHOS C.K.
Published: November 2004

The statistics-altering operators M present in the limit q=−1 of multiparticle SUq(2)-invariant subspaces parallel the action of such operators which naturally occur in supersymmetric theories. We illustrate this heuristically by comparison to a toy N=2 supersymmetry algebra, and ask whether there is a supersymmetry structure underlying SUq(2) at that limit. We remark on the relevance of such alternating-symmetry multiplets to the construction of invariant Hamiltonians.
MORE ON SUPERSYMMETRIES OF THE SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION
Authors: BECKERS J. , DEBERGH N. , NIKITIN A.G.
Published: November 2004

The supersymmetric Schrödinger equation is studied in connection with even and odd supersymmetries of arbitrary nth order. The invariance condition falls into four specific problems, each of them being finally characterized by a simplified system of equations which can be integrated for specific superpotentials. The more usual superinteractions are discussed and some recent results are extended up to the fourth order.
THE WEINGARTEN MODEL À LA POLYAKOV
Authors: DALLEY SIMON
Published: November 2004

The Weingarten lattice gauge model of Nambu-Goto strings is generalized to allow for fluctuations of an intrinsic worldsheet metric through a dynamical quadrilation. The continuum limit is taken for c≤1 matter, reproducing the results of Hermitian matrix models to all orders in the genus expansion. For the compact c=1 case the vortices are Wilson lines, whose exclusion leads to the theory of non-interacting fermions. As a by-product of the analysis one finds the critical behavior of SOS and vertex models coupled to 2D quantum gravity.
APPLICATIONS OF W ALGEBRAS TO BF THEORIES, QCD AND 4D GRAVITY
Authors: LANO R.P. , RODGERS V.G.J.
Published: November 2004

We are able to show that BF theories naturally emerge from the coadjoint orbits of W2 and ω∞ algebras which includes a Kac-Moody sector. Since QCD strings can be identified with a BF theory, we are able to show a relationship between the orbits and monopole-string solutions of QCD. Furthermore, we observe that when 4D gravitation is cast into a BF form through the use of Ashtekar variables, we are able to get order ħ contributions to gravity which can be associated with the W2 anomaly. We comment on the relationship to gravitational monopoles.
CANONICAL DESCRIPTION OF A TWO-DIMENSIONAL GRAVITY
Authors: AKDENIZ K.G. , DAYI Ö.F. , KIZILERSÜ A.
Published: November 2004

A two-dimensional gravity theory which was studied before within the Lagrangian methods, in the conformal gauge is investigated in terms of the Hamiltonian methods. Although the reparametrization invariant and the conformal gauge fixed Lagrangians lead to different number of physical degrees of freedom, it is shown that on mass-shell they are equivalent.
ELECTROWEAK GAUGE ANOMALY AND THE NEW PHYSICS SCALE
Authors: AKAMA KEIICHI , HATTORI TAKASHI
Published: November 2004

It is argued that chiral anomalies in the effective gauge theories are allowed, as far as the new physics scale is not too large. We estimate the anomaly-induced masses of the weak bosons, when the anomalies exist in the electroweak gauge theory, and compare them with the experimental results to extract the upper bound on the new-physics scale.
HOW TO SOLVE THE MASS SPECTRUM OF QUARKS AND LEPTONS
Authors: TERAZAWA HIDEZUMI
Published: November 2004

It is suggested that the existing mass spectrum of quarks and leptons can be explained by solving a set of sum rules for quark and lepton masses. As an illustration, we presented a solution where given the three charged lepton masses, all the six quark masses are correctly derived with the prediction of mt≃131 GeV from the six sum rules including two new empirical ones.
THE FORWARD PEAK OF ELASTIC HARDON-HADRON SCATTERING AND UNITARITY BOUNDS FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION
Authors: KAWASAKI M. , MAEHARA T. , YONEZAWA M.
Published: November 2004

Unitarity bounds for the differential cross-section of high-energy elastic hadron-hadron scattering are obtained under the constraints of fixed total cross-section σt, elasticity x, real part to imaginary part ratio ρ of the forward scattering amplitude, and forward slope b by assuming a finite interaction range. The obtained upper bound has an observed curvature structure at small momentum transfers and is nearly saturated by the experimental data of pp and [Formula: see text] scattering at −t=0−0.3 (GeV/c)2 in the energy region [Formula: see text] , if we take the interaction radius scaled as [Formula: see text].
PREPOTENTIALS AND UNCONSTRAINED BRST FOR YANG-MILLS AND p-FORMS
Authors: ABUD MARIO , ADER JEAN-PIERRE , CAPPIELLO LUIGI
Published: November 2004

We study the unconstrained formulation of the BRST symmetry of the Yang-Mills theory. The system of fields entering in the corresponding BRST2 algebra is given a geometrical description in terms of non-homogeneous forms belonging to the universal enveloping algebra of the gauge group. The extension of the BRST2 symmetry to non-Abelian p-forms is also discussed.
ANTI-SELF-DUAL SOLUTIONS OF THE YANG-MILLS EQUATIONS IN 4n DIMENSIONS
Authors: POPOV A. D.
Published: November 2004

The anti-self-duality equations for gauge fields in d = 4 and a generalization of these equations to dimension d = 4n are considered. For gauge fields with values in an arbitrary semisimple Lie algebra [Formula: see text] we introduce the ansatz which reduces the anti-self-duality equations in the Euclidean space ℝ4n to a system of equations breaking up into the well known Nahm's equations and some linear equations for scalar field φ.
CHIRAL PROPERTIES OF NON-EXOTIC PROCESSES IN K-MESON PHYSICS
Authors: IVANOV A. N. , NAGY M. , TROITSKAYA N. I.
Published: November 2004

The first order corrections in current quark mass expansion are evaluated for the πK-scattering and Kl3-decay amplitudes within Chiral perturbation theory at the quark level. The Ademollo-Gato theorem is discussed.
PARAGRASSMANN ANALYSIS AND QUANTUM GROUPS
Authors: FILIPPOV A. T. , ISAEV A. P. , KURDIKOV A. B.
Published: November 2004

Paragrassmann algebras with one and many paragrassmann variables are considered from the algebraic point of view without using the Green ansatz. A differential operator with respect to paragrassmann variable and a covariant para-super-derivative are introduced giving a natural generalization of the Grassmann calculus to a paragrassmann one. Deep relations between paragrassmann algebras and quantum groups with deformation parameters being root of unity are established.
CLASSICAL ISOMORPHISMS FOR QUANTUM GROUPS
Authors: JAIN VIDYUT , OGIEVETSKY OLEG
Published: November 2004

The expressions for the [Formula: see text]-matrices for the quantum groups [Formula: see text] and SO q(6) in terms of the [Formula: see text]-matrices for Sp q(2) and SL q(4) are found, and the local isomorphisms of the corresponding quantum groups are established.
COMMENTS ON UNITARITY IN THE ANTIFIELD FORMALISM
Authors: BARNICH GLENN , HENNEAUX MARC
Published: November 2004

The local completeness condition was introduced in the analysis of the locality of the gauge fixed action for gauge systems. This condition expresses that the gauge transformations and the reducibility coefficients should be described in such a way that they contain as few derivatives of the gauge parameters as possible. We show here that this condition not only guarantees that the gauge fixed action is local in space-time (as proved previously), but also that the antifield formalism leads to a unitary theory.
INTERACTIONS OF DISCRETE STATES WITH NONZERO GHOST NUMBER IN c = 1 2D GRAVITY
Authors: OHTA NOBUYOSHI , SUZUKI HISAO
Published: November 2004

We study the interactions of the discrete states with nonzero ghost number in c = 1 two-dimensional (2D) quantum gravity. By using the vertex operator representations, it is shown that their interactions are given by the structure constants of the group of the area preserving diffeomorphism similar to those of vanishing ghost number. The effective action for these states is also worked out. The result suggests that the whole system has a BRST-like symmetry.
A NON-DEGENERATE SEMICLASSICAL LAGRANGIAN FOR DILATON-GRAVITY IN TWO DIMENSIONS
Authors: MOHAMMEDI NOUREDDINE
Published: November 2004

An action for two-dimensional gravity conformally coupled to two dilaton-type fields is analyzed. Classically, the theory has some exact solutions. These include configurations representing black holes. A semiclassical theory is obtained by assuming that these singular solutions are caused by the collapse of some matter fields. The semiclassical equations of motion reveal then that any generic solution must have a flat geometry.
AN ${\rm SL}(2, {\mathbb C})$ ACTION ON CHIRAL RINGS AND THE MIRROR MAP
Authors: HÜBSCH TRISTAN , YAU SHING-TUNG
Published: November 2004

Each transversal degree-d hypersurface ℳ in a weighted projective space defines a Landau-Ginzburg orbifold, the superpotential of which equals the defining polynomial of ℳ. For a generic such ℳ with trivial canonical class, the degree-0 (mod d) subring of the Jacobian ring (that is, the (c, c)-ring of the Landau-Ginzburg orbifold) is shown to admit an [Formula: see text] action and the corresponding Lefschetz-type decomposition. This leads to a general definition of a “large complex structure” limit, the mirror of the “large volume” limit, and the mirror images on ⊕qH3−q,q of the Hodge *-operator, duality and inner product on ⊕qHq,q.
THE EXTENSION STRUCTURE OF 2D MASSIVE CURRENT ALGEBRAS
Authors: LAARTZ J.
Published: November 2004

The extension structure of the two-dimensional current algebra of nonlinear sigma models is analyzed by introducing Kostant Sternberg (L, M) systems. It is found that the algebra obeys a two-step extension by Abelian ideals. The second step is a non-split extension of a representation of the quotient of the algebra by the first step of the extension. The cocycle which appears is analyzed.
KAONS, QUANTUM MECHANICS, AND GRAVITY
Authors: GOLDMAN T. , NIETO MICHAEL MARTIN , SANDBERG VERNON D.
Published: November 2004

We provide a heuristic study of the effect of an anomalous tensor gravity on the quantum mechanical interferences available in the propagation of kaons. We find that, although the effects are generally very small, in principle they could be measured in some experimental situations. We comment on the effects of possible new vector and scalar symmetry partners of the gravitational potential.
THERMODYNAMIC POTENTIAL FOR SCALAR FIELDS IN SPACE-TIME WITH HYPERBOLIC SPATIAL PART
Authors: COGNOLA GUIDO , VANZO LUCIANO
Published: November 2004

The thermodynamic potential for a charged scalar field of mass m on a (3+1)-dimensional space-time with hyperbolic H3/Γ spatial part is evaluated using zeta-function and heat kernel regularization techniques and Selberg trace formula for co-compact group Γ. High and low temperature expansions are obtained and discussed in detail.
RENORMALIZATION OF COUPLINGS IN EMBEDDED RANDOM SURFACES
Authors: DAS SUMIT R. , RAMA S. KALYANA
Published: November 2004

We study the dressing of operators and flows of corresponding couplings in models of embedded random surfaces. We show that these dressings can be obtained by applying the methods of David and Distler and Kawai. We consider two extreme limits. In the first limit the string tension is large and the dynamics is dominated by the Nambu-Goto term. We analyze this theory around a classical solution in the situation where the length scale of the solution is large compared to the length scale set by the string tension. Couplings get dressed by the Liouville mode (which is now a composite field) in a non-trivial fashion. However this does not imply that the excitations around a physical “long string” have a phase space corresponding to an extra dimension. In the second limit the string tension is small and the dynamics is governed by the extrinsic curvature term. We show, perturbatively, that in this theory the relationship between the induced metric and the worldsheet metric is “renormalized,” while the extrinsic curvature term receives a non-trivial dressing as well. This has the consequence that in a generic situation the dependence of couplings on the physical scale is different from that predicted by their beta functions.
SEMICLASSICAL APPROACH IN THE DILATONIC GRAVITY COUPLED TO GROSS-NEVEU FERMIONS
Authors: MUTA T. , ODINTSOV S.D. , SATO H.
Published: November 2004

We discuss the Jackiw-Teitelboim model of the dilatonic gravity (with constant curvature constraint) coupled to fermions described by the Gross-Neveu model. The semiclassical effective action is derived. The static solutions are found in the conformal gauge. The connection with the CGHS-Witten black hole solution is briefly discussed.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS ON A CYLINDER
Authors: GURUSWAMY S. , RAJEEV S.G.
Published: November 2004

We study two-dimensional quantum chromodynamics with massive quarks on a cylinder in a light-cone formalism. We eliminate the non-dynamical degrees of freedom and express the theory in terms of the quark and Wilson loop variables. It is possible to perform this reduction without gauge fixing. The fermionic Fock space can be defined independent of the gauge field in this light-cone formalism.
CONSTRUCTION OF INTEGRABLE QUANTUM LATTICE MODELS THROUGH SKLYANIN-LIKE ALGEBRAS
Authors: KUNDU A. , BASU MALLICK B.
Published: November 2004

A systematic approach for generation of integrable quantum lattice models exploiting the underlying Uq(2) quantum group structure as well as its multiparameter generalization is presented. We find an extension of trigonometric Sklyanin algebra and also its deformation through "symmetry breaking transformation," which after consistent bosonization (or q-bosonization) construct a series of integrable lattice models. A novel quantum solvable derivative NLS, a relativistic Toda chain and a lattice model involving q-oscillators warrant special mention. As an added advantage, along with the integrable models the corresponding quantum R-matrices are also specified.
ON MAXWELL-CHERN-SIMONS THEORY WITH ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT
Authors: GEORGELIN Y. , WALLET J. C.
Published: November 2004

We analyze the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory with minimal and tree level magnetic coupling to a fermion and a scalar. For a unique value of the magnetic moment, this theory allows one to recover an anyon-like behavior which however differs from the one of ideal anyons by an attractive contact term. For this particular value of the magnetic moment, we find that the physical photon mass does not receive one-loop radiative corrections. We comment this result and some physical aspects of the theory.
FUSION RULES FOR THE FRACTIONAL LEVEL $\widehat{{\rm sl}(2)}$ ALGEBRA
Authors: AWATA HIDETOSHI , YAMADA YASUHIKO
Published: November 2004

We derive, as the condition for the null vector decoupling, the fusion rules for the [Formula: see text] algebra with fractional level, which have an interesting structure related to affine Weyl transformation. It is shown that, to get non-trivial fusion rules, we must include the primary field which belongs to neither the highest nor the lowest weight representations.