bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kemampuan Multirepresentasi Verbal dan Gambar pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika dalam Memahami Konsep Reaksi Inti Matahari
Authors: Aisyah Okta Nur , S Sudarti
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menganalisis sebuah permasalahan dengan menggunakan pendekatan verbal pada pemahaman materi ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini fokus pada pemahaman mahasiswa mengenai teori tentang Reaksi Inti Matahari. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada Mahasiswa semester 3 Fisika pada bulan November 2020 dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini melibatkan 43 responden dari Mahasiswa semester 3 Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Jember. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa kuisioner untuk mengumpulkan data. Kuisioner menggunakan aplikasi google Formulir dengan menggunakan pendekatan multirepresentasi verbal dan gambar.  Kemampuan Multi representasi biasa digunakan seorang tenaga pendidik untuk dapat lebih mudah dalam penyampaian materi yang diberikan kepada peserta didik agar lebih dapat dipahami oleh peserta didik. Kemampuan Multirepresentasi Verbal adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk memahami sebuah teori dengan menggunakan instrumen kalimat kalimat verbal. Sedangkan Kemampuan multi representasi Gambar adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk memahami sebuah teori dengan menggunakan media gambar. Mahasiswa fisika mempelajari konsep tentang Reaksi Inti Matahari. Dari kedua pendekan antara pendekatan verbal maupun pendekatan gambar dari hasil penilitian ini mahasiswa cenderung lebih memahami pertanyaan pertanyaan verbal dengan kalimat-kalimat yang ia kenal selama menempuh pendidikan atau dengan kata kata yang familiar di kalangan mahasiswa fisika dibandingkan dengan gambar yang ia tidak yakin apakah itu yang dimaksudkan karena dalam beberapa buku tidak memperlihatkan gambar ilustrasi maupun gambar pendukung lainnya untuk melengkapi penjelasan sebuah teori.
FORMATION OF THE DOMESTIC MARKET OF LACTOSE-FREE AND LOW-LACTOSE DAIRY PRODUCTS
Authors: Tetiana YUDINA , Anton SERENKO
Published: June 2021

Background. The problem of lactose intolerance is becoming widespread, especially in Ukraine it affects 15–35 % of the population. Dairy products are a valuable source of essential nutrients, that’s why it is impossible to completely rule out them from the diet. To solve this problem, it is important to develop technology for dairy products that are free of lactose or with reduced content. The aim of thework is to analyze the world market of low-lactose dairy products and to identify the factors which influence on the formation of such a market in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The subject of the study is the market segment of lactose-free and low-lactose dairy products. Methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical methods of evaluation, scientific generalization and comparison of data are used. Results. The formation of a healthy food market is characterized by gro­wing demand for special food products with regulated nutrient composition, in particular for dairy products, lactose-free or with its reduced content. However, in Ukraine, this market is still in its infancy. Today in country there are 160 units of lactose-free and low-lactose dairy pro­ducts. The volume of imported products in the general range is 68.13%. Kefir and sour cream have the largest share in the formation of the domestic market of low- and lactose-free dairy products, and domestic yogurts have the smallest part. Therefore, the saturation of the market with domestic yogurt, free of lactose, or with its reduced content, is an important area of the development of the Ukraine’s dairy industry. The restriction of natural food resources negatively affects the formation of the domestic market of low-lactose dairy products. In 2020, milk production decreased by about 7 %, due to the unstable economic situation caused by quarantine restrictions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. That’s why today the problem of complete collection and rational use of secondary raw milk in the production of food products dominates., especially dairy products of the "free-from" category. Conclusion. The need to create new technologies for low-lactose dairy products using local bioavailable raw materials is essentially due to their high demand and a narrow range of domestic products. The priority directions of development of the domestic market of low-lactose and lac­tose-free dairy products are offered in the context of the state policy of introduction of resource-saving and increase of volumes of high-quality production of domestic production.
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ON THE MARKET OF UKRAINE
Authors: Vasyl BUDZYAK , Olha BUDZYAK
Published: June 2021

Background. Today, Ukraine’s agriculture is one of the most export-oriented sectors of the economy. The export of crop products, most notably, grain crops, is espe­cially successful. Population growth in most countries of the world, as well as climate change, accelerate the growth of demand for agricultural products. However, amid the constant growth in exports of crop products, there is a gradual increase in imports of live­stock products. Also, there is an increasing demand in Ukraine for certain types of crop products that are not grown in the country. An analysis of recent research and publications has shown that mostly resear­chers study certain issues of imports of agricultural products, which are lacking in the domestic agricultural market. The aim of the article is toanalyze the level of import dependence of the main types of livestock and crop products and justify ways to reduce it in modern conditions. Materials and methods.The article uses general scientific research methods: system and complex analysis, synthesis and abstraction, as well as the index method. Results. The general rates of product import indicate a rather high import depen­dence of Ukraine in livestock production, which constitutes 12 % only for meat. The most critical situation with import dependence is regarding fish and fish products with a 70–76 % import rate. As for crop production, the most critical import dependence is in fruits, berries, and grapes, where it ranges from 35 % to 42 %. To accelerate the process of import substitution in Ukrainian agriculture, it is proposed to increase the volume of cultivation of the relevant types of domestic products, to form a flexible system of tariff and non-tariff regulation of imports and exports of agricultural products, to grow and promote substitutes and domestic analogs, to minimize Ukraine’s dependence on agricultural products of critical imports. Conclusion. The expediency of import substitution in agriculture is based on ensu­ring food, and hence economic security of our state, as well as on preserving existing and creating new jobs not only in agriculture but also in other related sectors of the economy. Import substitution allows to leave the corresponding financial resources in the country and to create added value, primarily, in agriculture. As a result, the competitiveness of domestic farmers and the efficiency of their activities increase, and the domestic agricultural market becomes more stable and predictable.
TECHNOLOGY OF GLUTEN-FREE GINGERBREADS FROMSESAME FLOUR
Authors: Anzhelika MEDVEDIEVA , Iryna ANTONYUK , Olena GRABOVSKA
Published: June 2021

Background. Flour confectionery in Ukraine is in high demand, it’s made gluten-free mainly using corn and rice flour, rarely buckwheat. In our opinion, an inte­resting alternative to these types of flour will be to use sesame flour in the recipe and technology of gingerbread products, due to its convenience and unique taste. We have not found any research on the use of sesame flour in the technologies of gingerbread flour confectionery in available sources. The aim of this research is to scientifically substantiate and develop the techno­logy of gluten-free gingerbread with a complete replacement of wheat with sesame flour. Materials and methods. The object of research is the technology of gingerbread using gluten-free finely ground sesame flour. As a control sample, high-grade wheat flour was used for the preparation of children’s gingerbread by custard. The quality of gingerbread is determined according to DSTU 4187:2003 (State Stan­dards of Ukraine). Organoleptic evaluation of the samples was performed on a 5-point scale. The calculation of nutritional value (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, dietary fiber), and the content of minerals is carried out according to the tables of chemical composition. Results. With the help of test doughs, it was found that in the recipe of children’s gingerbread it is possible to completely replace wheat flour with sesame and "dry perfume" (a mixture of spices) with nutmeg. According to organoleptic parameters of two types of gingerbread from wheat and sesame flour, the latter were less porous, but had a pleasant rich taste of sesame and nutmeg aroma. As a result, the identified shortcomings do not have a significant impact on the overall quality of gluten-free products. The technological scheme of preparation of "Sesame" gingerbreads with the use of sesame flour and nutmeg has been developed. The chemical composition, mineral content and energy value of control and deve­loped gingerbreads were calculated. The latter had better nutritional and biological value. Conclusion. The technology of gingerbread dough and gingerbreads with the use of sesame flour and nutmeg has been developed, which improves the organoleptic and physicochemical parameters of the new "Sesame" gingerbreads, makes their taste more expressive and enriches them with useful microelements. By replacing wheat flour with sesame, the finished products do not contain gluten and can be recommended to certain categories of consumers who suffer from diseases associated with wheat protein intolerance and allergy to it.
CbC-REPORTING IN TAX ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Mariana MUZYCHUK , Olena FOMINA
Published: June 2021

Background. Countering the erosion of the tax base through the use of transfer pricing (TP) is an important element of tax policy. Ukraine is implementing three-level TP reporting and the procedure of automatic exchange of tax information. The analysis of recent research and publications has showedthat research on the use of data obtained in the exchange of tax information procedure under the CbC standard is relevant and controversial. The aim of the articleis to investigate the conditions for the introduction of automatic information exchange in Ukraine and provide recommendations for the practical use of the obtained data for tax control purposes. Results. An analysis of the structure of three-level TP reporting and the conditions of its first submission in Ukraine was performed. The procedure of automatic exchange of tax information according to the CbCR standard is considered. Based on the results of this study, a set of proposals for the use of CbC reporting data for tax administration purposes has been developed. The implementation of these proposals will help strengthen tax control and administration. Conclusion. The information received under CbCR-standard is intended for comprehensive analysis and risk identification by tax administrations and cannot be an alternative to tax audits or investigations. The obtained results can be used to build the business processes on CbC information application by the tax authorities. Further research in this direction should focus on the development of recommendations for the business process on the automatic exchange of information according to the CbCR standard establishment and the further use of the data obtained under this exchange by the tax administration.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF CIVIL SERVANTS: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Liudmyla LADONKO , Nataliia MIRKO
Published: June 2021

Background. Along with bringing Ukraine’s economic and legal base in line with European standards, there is a need for a rapid transition to European standards for the training of civil servants, which will reduce the bureaucratic burden and corruption in state and local authorities, and further achieve the goal of membership of the European Union. This process is impossible without using of foreign experience of leading European countries, which will allowformore effective implementation of reform policies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of civil servants. The aim of the work is to study the existing approaches to the training and retraining of civil servants and to identify priority areas for reforming this process in Ukraine, considering foreign experience. Materials and methods. In writing the article, general scientific principles of knowledge of socio-economic phenomena and general scientific methods of systematic, logical, structural, factor and comparative analysis were used. Results. The analysed approaches to the training of civil servants in European practice made it possible to conclude that the current system of training of civil servants in Ukraine should be reformed within the open model, which provides a high level of information technology and distance education, private sector involvement in civil servant training, the advanced nature of learning and continuity of education, along with the formation of a high level of responsibility and work for results. Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the system of training and retraining of civil servants of each analysed country only tends to a single model and usually combines some elements of other models. This process testifies to the mutual integration of modern trends, the convergence, mutual enrichment and interpenetration of different approaches to building the ideal model that would meet the requirements of public administration of a particular country.
Directions for reducing the negative effects of coronavirus on the tourist industry
Authors: Martseniuk Larysa , Batmanghlich Cameron
Published: June 2021

The population of the planet Earth is affected by various restrictions in various spheres of life, and especially in the field of health. Over the past few decades, we have encountered several types of infectious diseases that affect both animals and humans, with the disease spreading over a large area. As a result of pandemics, all spheres of life suffer significant losses, but in our opinion, the tourism sector is one of those that suffers large-scale losses. This year, the tourism sector has also been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic. Restrictions on the movement of citizens, a ban on the opening of certain tourist facilities have negatively affected all enterprises involved in the organization of the tourism business. 96 % of worldwide tourist destinations are restricted. The three main problems that the tourism industry faces in a pandemic are: the problem of liquidity of tourism enterprises, the uncertainty of consumers of tourism services, the social consequences of forced restrictive measures. The author analyzes the measures taken by some countries to support the tourism sector. Gov-ernments in leading European countries have set up guarantee funds to protect tourism businesses. The article aim is to make the recommendations for the development of a set of measures to ensure the sustainability of the tourism sector in the context of increasing quarantine restrictions in Ukraine. Measures have been proposed to mitigate the exit of the tourism industry from the coronavirus crisis, including the provision of affordable credit lines for businesses, and the deferral of debt and tax liabilities. In addition, ensuring the availability and reliability of information on travel restrictions and can-cellations; creation of a mechanism to guarantee the loss of tourists from the cancellation of the trip; de-velopment of domestic tourism. In this context, the author proposes a temporary reduction in tariffs for services, certification of disinfection of tourist facilities and infrastructure, preventive measures for tourists to promote health, enabling tourists to avoid contact with other tourists, equipping passenger rolling stock with modern ven-tilation and air conditioning to prevent stagnation of infections in the air.
IP-court as an actor of state policy in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine
Authors: Volovyk Serhiy
Published: June 2021

The article examines the IP court as an actor of state policy in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the current article, which is due to the European integration course of Ukraine and bringing domestic legislation in line with European Union legislation. The essence of state policy in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine is defined, which means the set of formed and legally established goals, objectives, functions, interests, which are guided by public authorities in the implementation of state management of intellectual property, and their practical activities to implement and achieve the planned state policy in the field of intellectual property. The system of administrative and legal regulation of intellectual property protection in Ukraine has been established. It is determined that the main array consists of laws and international legal agreements of Ukraine. The system of subjects of realization of the state policy in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine is found out. It is emphasized that the list of subjects of state policy in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine should include the following: World Intellectual Property Organization, President of Ukraine, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine, National Intellectual Property Office property and judicial authorities of Ukraine. It is proved that the IP-court in Ukraine is one of the main subjects of state policy in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the IP-court as a subject of implementation of state policy in the field of intellectual property is a body authorized to administer justice in the field of intellectual property and solve problems defined by law. It is concluded that the IP Court as a subject of state policy in the field of intellectual property in the future is designed to become part of the optimal, high quality and effective state system of legal protection of intellectual property, able to form, implement a transparent public model of overcoming existing challenges and risks. to offer effective tools in the field of intellectual property as incentives for the development of related economic and social factors.
Prevention of road accidents by means of automatic photo-video recording of traffic violations
Authors: Protsenko Olena
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the main reasons of injuries and deaths in traffic accidents is exceeding the safe speed. The problems and consequences of speeding by drivers, owners (co-owners) of the vehicle in the field of road traffic are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of automatic fixation of traffic violations in Ukraine are highlighted. The principle of automatic fixing, consideration of an administrative case and issuance of a resolution is considered. The issue of payment of fines by owners (co-owners) and persons who imported a vehicle into the territory of Ukraine is singled out. Reviewed the statistics of speed violations since the introduction of automatic fixation on the roads of Ukraine. There is a link between speeding and the number of serious accidents. Reviewed other preventive measures to reduce speeding violations. Analyzed the experience of other countries on bringing the owner of a vehicle for administrative offenses in the field of road safety to administrative responsibility. The introduction of automatic recording of administrative offenses (speeding) in the field of road safety can be an effective preventive measure to reduce the number of road accidents. Video recording allows you to: significantly reduce the number of accidents and people injured in them; to exclude a corruption component at fixing of offenses and registration of the corresponding administrative materials; to improve relations in the field of road safety and bring them closer to European standards. Among the reasons that hinder the effective use of modern technologies in monitoring compliance with transport legislation is the ambiguous understanding of legal presumptions and legal liability of vehicle owners. It can be predicted that this may motivate dishonest drivers to resort to illegal actions in order to avoid liability.
Definition of actors of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs area
Authors: Salayev Turhut
Published: June 2021

The article deals with scientific and theoretical understanding and the provision of the definition of the category "actors of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs area". The author has disclosed and analyzed the provisions of the administrative and legal doctrine of the above questio, besides, the problematic issues of the definition of "subjects of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs sphere" are identified, andthe necessity of distinguishing this concept from other related concepts and categories is defined. Disclosing issues of actors of administrative and legal support of information security in the cus-toms sphere, it is necessary to avoid substitution of concepts and clearly understand the difference between the concepts of "institutional mechanism of administrative and legal support of information security in customs" and "state mechanism of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs sphere "from the concept of" subjects of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs sphere ". After all, the concept that is the subject of our study, of all the above, has the most comprehensive and broad scope and meaning. That is why, disclosing a set of subjects of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs sphere, it is advisable to apply a broad approach to understanding this category, given that among such subjects must be considered non-state subjects. objects - local governments, public organizations, etc. Because without their activities such a list will not be complete, and the mechanism of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs sphere will not be such that covers all possible spheres of public life and methods of information security. The current general information and administrative legislation, as well as special legislation gov-erning the procedure of customs, is considered in order to more clearly disclose the features and legal status of the actors of administrative and legal support of information security in the customs area. Each of these entities plays an appropriate role and occupies the necessary place in the system of national security of Ukraine, information security of Ukraine in general and information security in the customs area in particular. This role can be described as the implementation of general control over information security in the customs area, as well as taking measures to respond to violations of information legislation and the emergence of threats to information in the customs area within the powers defined by law. At the same time, the administrative and legal provision of information security is carried out directly by the customs authorities.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ СТРУКТУРА МОЛЕКУЛЫ ACTH-(7-10)
Authors:   Бакинский государственный университет, Агаева Л.Н. , Абдинова А.А. ,   Азербайджанский государственный педагогический университет, Ахмедова С.Р. ,   Азербайджанский технический университет, Ахмедов Н.А. ,   Бакинский государственный университет
Published: June 2021

Методом теоретического конформационного анализа исследована пространственная структура молекулы ACTH-(7-10) - фрагмента 7-10 адренокортикотропного гормона с аминокислотной последовательностью Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly. Потенциальная функция системы выбрана в виде суммы невалентных, электростатических и торсионных взаимодействий и энергии водородных связей. Пространственная структура молекулы Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly рассчитана на основе низкоэнергетических конформаций соответствующих аминокислотных остатков. Показано, что пространственная структура тетрапептидной молекулы может быть представлена восемью низкоэнергетическими формами основной цепи. Найдены низкоэнергетические конформации молекулы, значения двугранных углов основных и боковых цепей аминокислотных остатков, оценена энергия внутри- и межостаточных взаимодействий.
АНТИТРОМБОЦИТАРНОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ И ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ N6-ХЛОРАДЕНОЗИНФОСФАТА
Authors:   Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины ФМБА РФ, Мурина М.А. , Рощупкин Д.И. ,   Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины ФМБА РФ,   Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова МЗ РФ, Сергиенко В.И.
Published: June 2021

Создана технология получения новых хлораминовых соединений, относящихся к производным аденозина. Выяснены абсорбционные оптические характеристики N6-хлораденозин-5'-фосфата (хлораминового производного АМФ). В частности, показано, что его спектр поглощения света занимает диапазон длин волн 220-340 нм с максимумом и минимумом при 265 и 233 нм. Исследована химическая модифицирующая способность N6-хлораденозинфосфата по отношению к биологически значимым соединениям, имеющим сульфгидрильные (например, сывороточный альбумин) или сульфидные (например, остатки метионина в фибриногене) функциональные группы. Количественным показателем этой способности служила константа скорости реакций. Спектрофотометрическим методом зарегистрированы кинетические кривые убыли хлорамина АМФ после быстрого смешивания с серосодержащими субстратами и затем рассчитаны константы скорости с использованием теоретического уравнения кинетики бимолекулярных реакций. N6-хлораденозинфосфат очень быстро реагирует с тиольными соединениями; его константы скорости с сывороточным альбумином, N-ацетилцистеином, восстановленным глутатионом и цистеином (pH 7.4) достигают соответственно 24000, 58000, 240000, 1200000 М-1с-1...
РОЛЬ ГЕНОВ HSP70 В КОНТРОЛЕ ЖИЗНЕСПОСОБНОСТИ DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER ПРИ ДЕЙСТВИИ МИКРОВОЛНОВОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ
Authors:   Харьковский национальный университет имени В.Н. Каразина, Горенская О.В. , Гаврилов А.Б. ,   Харьковский национальный университет имени В.Н. Каразина, Зацепина О.Г. ,   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН, Шкорбатов Ю.Г. ,   Харьковский национальный университет имени В.Н. Каразина, Евгеньев М.Б. ,   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН»
Published: June 2021

Биологические эффекты действия низкоэнергетического электромагнитного излучения часто объясняют индукцией транскрипции генов белков теплового шока. В данном исследовании изучили проявление комплекса адаптивно важных признаков у линий Drosophila melanogaster с различным числом копий генов Hsp70 при действии микроволнового облучения. В экспериментах использовались мутантные линии с делецией всех или нескольких копий Hsp70 и, в качестве контроля, взяли линию дикого типа Canton-S , содержащую в геноме полный набор генов Hsp70 . Для облучения имаго использовали электромагнитное излучение крайне высокой частоты (мощность 10 мкВт/см2, частота 37.7 и 65.0 ГГц, длительность воздействия 5 мин). Результаты экспериментов показали, что у линии дикого типа Canton-S с полным набором генов белков теплового шока при действии микроволнового облучения не изменяется количество потомков на стадии куколки и имаго, но повышается эмбриональная смертность и увеличивается медианная продолжительность жизни...
РАДИАЦИОННАЯ ИНАКТИВАЦИЯ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВИРУСА ТРАНСМИССИВНОГО ГАСТРОЭНТЕРИТА СВИНЕЙ
Authors:   Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля РАН, Морозов В.Н. , Мухин А.Н. ,   Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Н.Ф. Гамалеи, Колыванова М.А. ,   Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля РАН,   Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России, Белоусов А.В. ,   Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России, Бушманов Ю.А. ,   Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России, Гребенникова Т.В. ,   Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Н.Ф. Гамалеи, Самойлов А.С. ,   Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России
Published: June 2021

В последние годы представители семейства Coronaviridae служили причиной вспышек респираторных заболеваний (MERS, SARS, COVID-19). При этом возможности радиационно-индуцированной инактивации данной группы вирусов мало изучены, хотя облучение может широко использоваться как в обработке средств индивидуальной защиты, так и при стерилизации вакцин. В настоящей работе воздействие пучков электронов с энергией 10 МэВ и тормозных фотонов с энергией 7.6 МэВ на возбудитель коронавирусной инфекции (вирус трансмиссивного гастроэнтерита свиней, TGEV) было исследовано in vitro. В заданных условиях эксперимента более эффективным оказалось облучение фотонами. Наиболее резистентной к облучению оказалась замороженная при -86°С вируссодержащая суспензия: доза облучения, необходимая для полной инактивации TGEV, в этом случае составляла от 15 кГр, в то время как для жидкой суспензии и лиофилизированной формы стерилизующая доза составляла от 10 кГр. При меньших дозах облучения для всех образцов при пассировании в клеточной культуре наблюдалась остаточная инфекционная активность вируса. Обнаруженные различия в эффективности инактивации жидких и замороженных вируссодержащих проб свидетельствуют о значительном вкладе прямого действия излучения.
РЕГУЛЯЦИЯ ЦИКЛА СИНАПТИЧЕСКИХ ВЕЗИКУЛ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ АКТИВНЫХ ФОРМ КИСЛОРОДА В СИНАПТОСОМАХ МОЗГА КРЫС ПРИ ДЕЙСТВИИ ЛАКТАТА
Authors:   Институт биофизики и клеточной инженерии НАН Беларуси, Дубовская Т.Г. , Гриневич С.В. ,   Белорусский государственный университет, Федорович С.В. ,   Институт биофизики и клеточной инженерии НАН Беларуси,   Белорусский государственный университет
Published: June 2021

Различные метаболиты способны модулировать функционирование пресинаптических окончаний нейронов. Мы изучили влияние лактата и агониста его рецептора HCAR1 3,5-дигидроксибензоевой кислоты на цикл синаптических везикул и образование активных форм кислорода в синаптосомах мозга крыс. Лактат в концентрации 4 мМ, в отличие от пирувата, фактически не влияет на цикл синаптических везикул. С помощью флуоресцентного зонда акридинового оранжевого продемонстрировано, что 3,5-дигидроксибензоевая кислота в концентрации 500 мкМ активирует эндоцитоз. Эта стимуляция позволяет скомпенсировать его потенциальное ингибирование. Лактат, но не 3,5-дигидроксибензоевая кислота вызывает увеличение флуоресценции 2’,7’-дихлорофлуоресцина диацетата, свидетельствующее об образовании активных форм кислорода. С помощью флуоресцентного зонда митосокс мы также показали образование супероксид-аниона в митохондриях при действии лактата. Таким образом, лактат способен влиять на работу пресинаптических окончаний нейронов за счет стимуляции образования активных форм кислорода и активации эндоцитоза, опосредованной рецептором лактата HCAR1.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ОСНАЩЕННОСТИ МИТОХОНДРИЙ МИОКАРДА КРОЛИКА ЭНДОГЕННЫМИ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИМИ СУБСТРАТАМИ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ЧАСТОТЫ И ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ВИБРАЦИИ
Authors:   Институт экспериментальной медицины, Воробьева В.В. , Шабанов П.Д. ,   Институт экспериментальной медицины
Published: June 2021

Изучено изменение оснащенности митохондрий миокарда энергетическими субстратами в зависимости от частоты и длительности общей вертикальной вибрации полярографическим методом с помощью закрытого кислородного датчика гальванического типа (электрода Кларка) путем сопоставления скорости эндогенного дыхания на протяжении времени хранения гомогената в аэробных условиях. Наиболее длительное (56 сеансов) вибрационное воздействие с амплитудой 0.5 мм и частотой 44 Гц вызвало падение скорости эндогенного дыхания через 40 мин инкубации гомогената ткани миокарда в 1.4 раза (р < 0.05) по сравнению с контролем, свидетельствуя о развитии угнетения в системе окисления и утилизации янтарной кислоты, снижении доступности эндогенных субстратов к дыхательной цепи митохондрий кардиомиоцитов и, косвенно, о нарушении структуры и функции митохондриально-ретикулярной сети.
СИНЕРГИЗМ АНТИБАКТЕРИАЛЬНОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ НАНОЧАСТИЦ СЕРЕБРА И ЭКСТРАКТОВ T. POLIUM
Authors:   Институт биомедицины и фармации Российско-армянского университета, Казарян Ш.А. , Рштуни Л.Р. ,   Институт биомедицины и фармации Российско-армянского университета, Оганесян А.А. ,   Институт биомедицины и фармации Российско-армянского университета
Published: June 2021

Появление антибиотикорезистентных штаммов бактерий приводит к необходимости нахождения новых противобактериальных средств. Благодаря своим свойствам все чаще в качестве таких агентов рассматриваются наночастицы серебра и экстракты растений. Целью данной работы было как исследование антибактериальных свойств наночастиц серебра, так и изучение их совместного действия с экстрактами дубровника беловойлочного (Teucrium polium). Исследование антибактериальной активности против дикого штамма E. coli K-12 DSM 1116 и S. aureus MDC 5233 показало, что наночастицы серебра и 96%-й этанольный экстракт T. polium обладали антибактериальными свойствами. 70%-й этанольный экстракт T. polium не проявлял антибактериальных свойств, но потенциировал антибактериальную активность наночастиц серебра (в 4.5 раз против E. coli K-12, в 2.0 раза против S. aureus). 96%-й этанольный экстракт увеличил антибактериальную активность против E. coli K-12 в 4.2 раза, а против S. aureus - в 6.6 раза. Таким образом, наблюдается синергизм антибактериального действия комплексов экстрактов с наночастицами, который связан с различными механизмами действия составляющих компонентов.
ФЕТАЛЬНАЯ СЫВОРОТКА В СОЧЕТАНИИ С 5% ДИМЕТИЛСУЛЬФОКСИДА ЭФФЕКТИВНО ЗАЩИЩАЕТ МИКРОБИОТУ КИШЕЧНИКА ЧЕЛОВЕКА В ПРОЦЕССЕ КРИОКОНСЕРВАЦИИ В ЖИДКОМ АЗОТЕ
Authors:   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН», Заломова Л.В. , Решетников Д.А. ,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН», Уграицкая С.В. ,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН», Межевикина Л.М. ,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН», Загайнова А.В. ,   Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью МЗ, Макаров В.В. ,   Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью МЗ, Юдин С.М. ,   Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью МЗ, Фесенко Е.Е. ,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН»
Published: June 2021

В связи с развитием медицинских технологий все большую актуальность приобретает разработка методов длительной консервации цельной микробиоты кишечника человека, которые бы обеспечивали высокую сохранность, как в отношении видового состава, так и в отношении количественного паритета составляющих микробиоценоз бактерий. Исследовано влияние 5- и 10%-х растворов диметилсульфоксида, глицерина, этиленгликоля, желатина, полиэтиленгликоля, поливинилового спирта, фетальной сыворотки коров, а также фетальной сыворотки в комбинации с 5% диметилсульфоксида на выживаемость кишечной микробиоты человека в процессе криоконсервации в жидком азоте (минус 196 С, хранение до 7 суток). Наиболее высокие показатели выживаемости бактерий при криоконсервации достигнуты при использовании криозащитной смеси на основе фетальной сыворотки коров и 5%-го диметилсульфоксида: от 81 до 87% жизнеспособных клеток по данным флуоресцентного теста LIVE/DEAD при показателе интактной микробиоты, равном 88-90%. Эффективность выбранного криозащитного состава подтверждена также методом микробиологического культивирования в экспериментах по криоконсервации отдельных штаммов - характерных представителей микробиоты кишечника человека.
СТОЙКОЕ СНИЖЕНИЕ ЧИСЛА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СВЯЗЕЙ МОЗГА ПРЕДОПРЕДЕЛЯЕТ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ НАРУШЕНИЕ СОЗНАНИЯ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗГОВОЙ ТРАВМОЙ
Authors:   Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАН, Окнина Л.Б. , Зайцев О.С. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко МЗ РФ, Машеров Е.Л. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко МЗ РФ, Погосбекян Э.Л. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко МЗ РФ, Зигмантович А.С. ,   Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАН, Копачка М.М. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко МЗ РФ, Александрова Е.В. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко МЗ РФ
Published: June 2021

Тяжелая черепно-мозговая травма может вести к длительному нарушению сознания с различными клиническими проявлениями, которые трудны для дифференцировки и прогнозирования развития. В работе на основе записей биопотенциалов были реконструированы и проанализированы функциональные связи мозга, активирующиеся при прослушивании тонов у 20 пациентов с нарушением сознания вследствие травмы мозга. Показано, что у пациентов с затяжным нарушением сознания возможно увеличение числа функциональных связей в лобный отделах, тогда как число «вертикальных» связей снижено. У пациентов с хроническим нарушением сознания значительно снижено число функциональных связей, причем даже в тех случаях, когда отмечается анатомическая сохранность трактов мозга. Можно полагать, что выявленные особенности функциональных связей будут способствовать более точной оценке состояния пациентов, с которыми невозможен вербальный контакт, а также прогнозу возможности восстановления сознания и подбору наиболее адекватной терапии.
An Idea for an Autonomous Navigation Decision System
Authors: Kopecki Grzegorz
Published: June 2021

The article presents an idea for a system taking autonomous navigation decisions. First, the structure of a UAV control system is described. Next, the idea for an autonomous navigation decision system is shown. Algorithms are based on the multi-criteria decision-making system. Possible faults are defined, and they are taken into consideration in the decision-making process. To illustrate the idea simulation results are shown.
Stem Cell Transplantation Efficacy in Cerebral Palsy: A Physical Therapist Perspective
Authors: Kora Alaa Noureldeen
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose

Children with spastic cerebral palsy usually display elevation in muscle tone, a decline in gross motor functional abilities , feeding problems and sometimes it may accompanied by visual problems. Studies on stem cell treatment are in their early stages concerning their effect on cerebral palsy.  

Methods 

A child with spastic cerebral palsy on level v on gross motor function classification system was selected for autologous bone marrow derived mononuclear transplantation cell. Muscle tone, gross, fine motor abilities, feeding abilities and visual abilities were assessed on 4 occasions, prior the transplantation, immediately after the transplantation, after 6 months and after 1 year.

 Results No effect of stem cell transplantation was shown on the child.

Conclusion Further research studies should be done on the subject but using different population rather than children on level V Gross motor function classification system
Pharmacophore based drug designing of COL7A1; The causative gene of Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Fatima Yasra , Muhammad Aqib Shabbir  , Noor-ul-Ain  , Makhdoom Syeda Izma , Saleem-ur-Rehman Hamza , Waseem Muhammad , Jabeen Khizra , Laila Syeda Umme , Shahid Amna , Naveed Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Epidermolysis Bullosa is a rare genetic disorder that causes skin fragility, trauma induced dissociations of the skin, and painful wound growth. More than 20 types of genes are involved in causing EB as it is a polygenic disease and each gene is involved in a different subtype of EB. Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (DEB) is one of the subtypes of EB caused by mutations in the COL7A1 (Collagen Type VII Alpha 1 Chain) gene and it affects people from all racial backgrounds. No drug is available for DEB in the market yet. So, it is the need of the hour to come up with a potential inhibitor that could inhibit the faulty protein of COL7A1 gene. Different exons of COL7A1 have been analyzed and exon no 70 to 75 has been selected which were important for mutational point of view. The mutations in it have been identified and verified using various In-silico tools. The 3D structure of the protein has been retrieved using specific exons which were edited and mutations were introduced in it and it was further checked to analyze its stability, toxicity and solubility of the protein. The inhibitors of COL7A1 have been formed using CAAD techniques (pharmacophore modeling) and the best inhibitor of COL7A1 has been further checked to determine its drug-likeness, solubility, its toxicity, and various physiochemical properties. The constructed inhibitor was found to have the best docking results and found to have good ADMET properties. The developed inhibitor construct showing promising results In-silico and it will also show good results if it would be tested in-vitro and in-vivo. Thus, it would be a breakthrough to treat DEB using this inhibitor if this inhibitor is constructed and further tested in-vitro.
An Overview of Antioxidant and Pharmacological Potential of Common Fruits
Authors: Hussain Shabbir , Sajjad Aqsa , Butt Shumaila Zulfiqar , Muazzam Muazzam Ali
Published: June 2021

Current study was  performed to evaluate the antioxidant and pharmacological potential of numerous common fruits. Prunus Domestica (Prunes) are excellent sources of dietary antioxidants and cause lowering of LDL cholesterol plasma level. Strawberries (Fragaria Ananassa) have ascorbic acid content (5-50 mg/100 g of fresh weight) and are effective in in oral cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Citrus fruits (Citrus limon) are rich in flavonoids (naringin and hesperidin), polyphenols and vitamin C; the extracts of citrus peels are effective against food borne bacteria. Lime oil from Citrus aurantifolia has been used as a component of skin care products and to impart tase and flavor in food industry. Grapes (Vitis Vinifera) are rich in phenolic compounds and are active against cancer, cholera, smallpox, nausea, eye infections and skin/kidney/liver diseases. Blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius) contains polyphenol ingredients and possesses neuroprotection potential against age-related diseases. Different parts of Jamun or Java Plum (Syzygium Cumini) demonstrate excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial potential and used as a remedy for diabetes mellitus, leucorrhea, fever, constipation and gastropathy. Ziziphus mauritiana (Ber) consists of cyclopeptide alkaloid, lupine and ceanathone triterpenes; it displays sedatives, analgesic, antibacterial and excellent antioxidant potential. Vaccinium oxycoccus (cranberries) has 10mg/100g of ascorbic acid content; its extract can prevent urinary tract infections.
Dermatoglyphy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Inggarsih Rara , Akhyar Dyni Zakyah  , Lusia Hayati  , Joko Marwoto  , Septi Purnamasari  , Arwan Bin Laeto  , Masayu Farah Diba
Published: June 2021

Background. Breast cancer is one of the four types of cancer among women and is the most frequently diagnosed in most countries. Breast cancer occurs due to DNA damage and genetic mutations affected by exposure to estrogen, inheritance of damaged DNA, or pro-cancer genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. Therefore, a family history of ovarian cancer or breast cancer increases the risk of developing breast cancer. The embryo of the breast develops around the age of 6 weeks of pregnancy. Similar to breast development, fingerprint patterns also develop during the 6-13 weeks of pregnancy. Thus, the genetic message contained in the genome occurred during that period and was reflected in the dermatoglyphic pattern.Methods. The literature search was systematically used using PubMed, Cochran, Google scholar, and other Gray literature between 2010-2020. Of the 69 publications identified, 21 met the criteria and were included in the review. The review is carried out following the provisions of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review).Results. This systematic review showed fairly consistent findings in breast cancer patients who tended to have more whorl fingerprint patterns and larger ATD angles. For radial loops, ulnar loops and arches were minor compared to the control group potential as an initial screening tool in at-risk groups.Conclusion. Long-term and follow-up studies with larger sample sizes in various ethnicities are needed to validate dermatoglyphics in anthropometric measurements as a promising marker of breast cancer.
Method for Automatic Determination of a 3D Trajectory of Vehicles in a Video Image
Authors: Zubov I. G. , Obukhova N. A.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. An important part of an automotive unmanned vehicle (UV) control system is the environment analysis module. This module is based on various types of sensors, e.g. video cameras, lidars and radars. The development of computer and video technologies makes it possible to implement an environment analysis module using a single video camera as a sensor. This approach is expected to reduce the cost of the entire module. The main task in video image processing is to analyse the environment as a 3D scene. The 3D trajectory of an object, which takes into account its dimensions, angle of view and movement vector, as well as the vehicle pose in a video image, provides sufficient information for assessing the real interaction of objects. A basis for constructing a 3D trajectory is vehicle pose estimation.Aim. To develop an automatic method for estimating vehicle pose based on video data analysis from a single video camera.Materials and methods. An automatic method for vehicle pose estimation from a video image was proposed based on a cascade approach. The method includes vehicle detection, key points determination, segmentation and vehicle pose estimation. Vehicle detection and determination of its key points were resolved via a neural network. The segmentation of a vehicle video image and its mask preparation were implemented by transforming it into a polar coordinate system and searching for the outer contour using graph theory.Results. The estimation of vehicle pose was implemented by matching the Fourier image of vehicle mask signatures and the templates obtained based on 3D models. The correctness of the obtained vehicle pose and angle of view estimation was confirmed by experiments based on the proposed method. The vehicle pose estimation had an accuracy of 89 % on an open Carvana image dataset.Conclusion. A new approach for vehicle pose estimation was proposed, involving the transition from end-to-end learning of neural networks to resolve several problems at once, e.g., localization, classification, segmentation, and angle of view, towards cascade analysis of information. The accuracy level of end-to-end learning requires large sets of representative data, which complicates the scalability of solutions for road environments in Russia. The proposed method makes it possible to estimate the vehicle pose with a high accuracy level, at the same time as involving no large costs for manual data annotation and training.