bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RECURSOS GRAMATICAIS NA AULA DE PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL: PERCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES NA ÁSIA / GRAMMATICAL RESOURCES IN PORTUGUESE AS AN ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE CLASS: TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS IN ASIA
Authors: Martins Alexandre Ferreira , Do Amaral Maria João Pais
Published: September 2024

O ensino da gramática é um tema controverso, especialmente devido a abordagens tradicionais que se concentraram, ao longo da história do ensino-aprendizagem de línguas adicionais, na explicitação de estruturas da língua de forma dissociada das práticas sociais de uso. No entanto, quando se trata do ensino de português para falantes de línguas distantes, o espaço da gramática em sala de aula ganha relevância, dado o desafio dos estudantes em lidar com a transferência linguística de seu idioma materno ou de socialização para o português. Este estudo busca, portanto, explorar os desafios enfrentados por estudantes de português como língua adicional (PLA) a partir da percepção de professores do idioma. Devido ao enfoque pretendido neste texto, discutimos as percepções de professores de PLA atuantes na Ásia no que diz respeito ao ensino e à aprendizagem de recursos gramaticais. Para isso, aplicamos um questionário com o objetivo de delinear: i) o perfil dos professores; ii) as suas escolhas metodológicas, incluindo o uso de línguas de mediação e materiais didáticos; e iii) as suas percepções em relação ao ensino e à aprendizagem de recursos gramaticais.

The teaching of grammar is a controversial subject, particularly due to traditional approaches that have historically emphasized the explicit teaching of language structures in isolation from the social practices of language use. However, in the context of teaching Portuguese to speakers of linguistically distant languages, the importance of grammar in the classroom becomes more pronounced, given the challenges students face with linguistic transfer from their native or socialization language to Portuguese. Consequently, this study seeks to explore the difficulties faced by learners of Portuguese as an additional language (PAL) through the perception of PAL teachers. With this focus in mind, we examine the perceptions of teachers working in Asia regarding the teaching and learning of grammatical resources. For this purpose, we conducted a questionnaire to identify: (i) the teachers’ profile; (ii) their methodological choices, including the use of mediation languages and instructional materials; and (iii) their perceptions on the teaching and learning of grammatical resources.

 

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ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS) AND SUB-REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN WEST AFRICA
Authors: Bassey Manasseh , Etefia Victor , Ebong Victor
Published: September 2024

The formation of ECOWAS was seen as the beginning of a new era in the history of economic cooperation in West Africa. Its overall aim was to promote cooperation and integration, with a view to establishing an economic and monetary union as a means of stimulating economic growth and development in West Africa. However, since the emergence of ECOWAS, the organisation has been saddled with a lot of challenges and intra-subregional crises without much economic and overall integration being achieved. This study assessed the extent to which relations among the countries of the West African sub-region could enhance regional integration in West Africa. This work adopted the integration theory as the theoretical framework of analysis. The significant finding of the work revealed that even though there is ECOWAS as a sub-regional body of West Africa, member states do not engage in maximum cooperation and that there are many resources that remain underutilized due to a lack of close relationships, which in turn hindered the full integration of the sub-region. Other findings are that the implementation of ECOWAS protocol on free movement of people and trade is criminally exploited by cross border criminals in the region thereby affecting member States to fully open up their borders to each other. Again, a whole number of strategies have been put in place for the full implementation of the integration process to include but not limited to; the creation of the West African Monetary Union, as well as the West African Youth Union, the West African Women’s Association and others. The work concluded by recommending, among others, that the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) central and coordinating body should be backed by legal or legislative instruments and that would be respected by all member countries with the power to sanction recalcitrant members as well as given the recognition through adoption of formal national measure and given appropriate backing to its establishment and the right to operate and access public assets on resources. By this, member states will comply and participate fully in the integration process.
 

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ctDNA beim CRC im multimodalen Therapiekonzept: Personalisierte Medizin
Authors: Renz Bernhard W. , Angele Martin K. , Holdenrieder Stefan
Published: September 2024

Der Nachweis von zirkulierender Tumor-DNA im Blut kann bei der Individualisierung der Therapie des kolorektalen Karzinoms große Dienste leisten. Studien weisen darauf hin, dass die Analytik im Rahmen der Liquid Biopsy unter anderem bei der Abschätzung der Prognose, der Beurteilung des Therapieansprechens und dem Überwachen des Auftretens von minimaler Resterkrankung einen Vorteil bringt. Hier liegt Potenzial für die Revolutionierung der personalisierten Therapie.
Potenzial und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Analyse einzelner Zellen: Hochauflösende Analytik
Authors: Kirsch Stefan , Polzer Bernhard
Published: September 2024

Die Analyse von Einzelzellen birgt großes Potenzial für die Diagnostik und die Therapie verschiedenster Erkrankungen. In der Onkologie werden bereits im Rahmen der Liquid Biopsy einzelne zirkulierende Tumorzellen im Blut charakterisiert, um Krankheitsverläufe zu überwachen oder die Therapie optimal anzupassen. Die Weiterentwicklung der Einzelzellanalyse beispielsweise durch Spatial-Omics-Technologien sowie die bioinformatische Auswertung verschiedener Informationsebenen lässt hoffen, dass in Zukunft bei komplexen physiologischen Prozessen pathogene Abweichungen in nur wenigen Zellen frühzeitig identifiziert werden können.
Die unterschätzte Kraft in der Immunologie: Mein Komplement!
Authors: Gruber Rudolf , Wolf Zsuzsanna
Published: September 2024

Defizienzen des Komplementsystems können durch Störungen der Immunfunktion zu einer erhöhten Infektanfälligkeit oder zu Autoimmunerkrankungen führen und angeborene Störungen der Komplementregulation zu Erkrankungen wie dem hereditären Angioödem und der paroxysmalen nächtlichen Hämoglobinurie. Es stehen bereits einige Tests zur Diagnostik von komplementassoziierten Erkrankungen zur Verfügung, eine Weiterentwicklung ist aber wünschenswert.
Integrierte Lösungen am Point of Care: Traditionelles Konzept für eine aktuelle Herausforderung
Authors: Maier Harald
Published: September 2024

Um dem Fachkräftemangel im Labor zu begegnen, werden im Krankenhausbereich bereits seit Längerem Point-of-Care-Lösungen erfolgreich eingesetzt. Entscheidend sind hierfür eine gute Schulung des Personals sowie ein Qualitätssicherungskonzept. Eine Anbindung der Geräte an das Labor- oder Krankenhausinformationssystem ist unbedingt notwendig. Trotz der Zusatzaufgabe, die die Point-of-Care-Analytik für das Pflegepersonal mit sich bringt, kann die schnellere Abarbeitung der Behandelten eine erhebliche Entlastung bedeuten.
An Ayurvedic Approach on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss due to Luteal Phase Defect W.S.R to Putraghni Yoni Vyapad: A Case Study
Authors:   1P.G Scholar, P.G Department of Prasuti Tantra & Stree Roga, Gopabandhu Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Puri, Odisha
Published: September 2024

Introduction: In the present era, due to the stressful lifestyle and dual responsibilities of a woman, the incidences of infertility and abortions have reached the zenith rendering the couples childless. Recurrent Pregnancy loss is a common problem during child bearing years. It is defined as the sequence of two or more spontaneous abortions before 20weeks of pregnancy. The causes of RPL are complex and obscure. From among the many causes, one of the cause is Luteal phase defect. It results in early miscarriage as implantation and placentation are not supported adequately. Putraghni is a condition where repeated pregnancy loss occurs because of Artavadosha, Raktadosha caused Vata dosha.The article to understand RPL caused due to Luteal phase defect w.s.r to Putraghni Yonivyapad and study the effect of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of RPL caused due to luteal phase defect. Material and Methods: A case of a 31year old patient who was having repeated pregnancy loss is reported here. She was treated with both Shodhana and Shaman chikitsa till pregnancy. We have given Kashmaryadi ghrita along with Kashmari Kutaja ghrita Uttarbasti for 3 consecutive cycles. Pregnancy continued with treatment. Antenatal visits and USG observations gave positive outcome with healthy fetal growth. Result: Ayurvedic remedies were used to treat the patient for three months. This case study demonstrates the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment for recurrent pregnancy loss (Putraghni Yonivyapad) Conclusion: In this article, a case of repeated pregnancy loss due to luteal phase defect is treated successfully with Ayurvedic interventions
Building Sustainable Cooperatives Environmental Base: The Role of Social Capital and Technology Adoption in Different Regional Contexts
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, Ridloah Siti , Pitaloka Lola Kurnia ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, Maruto Salsabila Nadianisa ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Published: September 2024

Objective: Cooperatives institutions are currently developing towards sustainable financial institutions, so that their performance is not only a financial problem but also how the institution runs is balanced with the sustainability of the environment and the surrounding community. The purpose of this study is to measure various factors of cooperative developers about their influence on sustainable cooperative development. Methodology: The design of this study was exploratory quantitative by taking active cooperatives in Central Java as a population. The sample size uses a minimum amount of 5 times the number of items in the study so that the sample obtained is 195 cooperatives. Data collection using questionnaires and analyzed with Structural Equation Model using WarpPLS tool. Findings: Sustainable cooperatives can develop to encourage sustainable development by implementing cooperative social capital. Technology does not have an influence on the development of sustainable cooperatives, so the sustainability of the environment and society can be developed by cooperatives is not related to the technology used. Theoretical and/or Methodological contributions: This research uses sustainability theory which results that cooperative institutions that are successful in implementing environmentally sustainable cooperatives must focus on internal rather than external factors. Research/Practical Implications: Cooperative institutions are advised to improve social capital, especially with fellow members, so that the goal of becoming a financial institution that supports sustainable development can be fulfilled because its internal factors have been strengthened.
The Effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Learning Implementation on the Quality of Learning Outcomes of Vocational High School Students in the Field of Machining
Authors:   Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia, Riski Dessy , Nuryanto Apri ,   Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
Published: September 2024

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has had a significant impact on various sectors, including education. The implementation of AI in the learning process is expected to improve the quality of student learning outcomes. AIbased learning offers various potentials to personalize learning, provide faster and more accurate feedback, and increase student motivation. However, the limited research on the effectiveness of AI in the context of vocational education, especially in the field of machining, prompted this study. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. This research was conducted in two schools, namely State Vocational High School 2 Depok-Sleman and State Vocational High School 2 Yogyakarta. The subjects of this research of students in class X of Mechanical Engineering, each school will be randomly divided into two groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group is a class that receives Artificial Intelligence-based learning and the control group is a class that receives conventional learning. The population in this study was 252 students. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling technique and obtained a research sample of 144 students. The research instruments used include pre-test or initial ability test, post-test or final test, and student response questionnaire. And additional data again using observation during the implementation of learning. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance test (one-way ANOVA), Paired Sample t-Test test and Independent Sample tTest test. The results showed that (1) In the Independent Sample t-Test test, the significance level was 0.001, which means that there is a significant difference in the average value between the experimental group and the control group on the final learning outcomes. Students who received AI-based learning obtained an average post-test score of 81.18 while students who received conventional learning obtained an average post-test score of 76.26. (2) the results of the student response questionnaire showed that the majority of students in the experimental group gave a positive response to AI-based learning by obtaining an average percentage value for the metacognition aspect of 89% and the aspect of student activeness of 96%, they felt more motivated, easier to understand the material, and more active in the learning process using artificial intelligence.
PENGGUNAAN SENYAWA OSMOLIT DAN ALKALIN PADA PENYADAPAN TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis)
Authors: Andriyanto Mochlisin , Miftahul Huda Fendiyanto
Published: September 2024

Stimulants are one of the common ways to increase yield in rubber plants. Recent, the stimulant that is widely used in rubber tapping is ethephon. Ethephon material can prolong the flow of latex so that yield increases. The combination of osmolyte and alkaline compounds is expected to be an alternative stimulant. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the use of osmolytes and alkaline in rubber plants. This research was conducted at the Experimental Design of the Sungei Putih Estate Research, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra in May-September 2016 with PB 260 clones planting year 2010 with a tapping system S/2 D3 Ga1.0 6 / y (m) in panel B0-2. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 28 combinations of treatments. The observation parameters in this study were yield (g/p/s), girth (cm) before treatment application and yield (g/p/s) and yield (kg/ha/year) after treatment application. The observations showed that the addition of stimulants with osmolyte and alkaline compounds had a significant effect yield on rubber (g/p/s) in the first tapping slices. The 5% osmolyte and 10% alkaline compounds have yield rubber which is comparable to the application of stimulants made from ethephon in the first tapping slices. Application of 5% osmolyte and 10% alkaline compounds can be used as an alternative stimulant in rubber plants.
PENGARUH VARIASI KERAPATAN SPORA Beauveria bassiana DAN KONSENTRASI LCPKS TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Oryctes rhinoceros
Authors: Yani Nurari , Muhammad Arif Fadhillah  , Julaili Irni
Published: September 2024

Oryctes rhinoceros beetle is one of the pests that attacksimmature oil palm plants.This pest attacks oil palm plants in larvae or imago phase. This pest is usually damaging the respiratory roots, trunk bark, dry petiole,or periphery crown of oil palm leaves which can interferes the leaf growth and finally reduce the production even collapse the tree. Chemically pest control have the positive impact with faster pest death beside the negative impacts such as resistance, resurgence, disturbing human health and also environmental and ecosystem pollution. Biological control is one alternative pest control that is safe for the environment and can reduce chemical residues in agricultural products and environment. This study was conducted in Medan Denai district on July – Agustus 2019. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of Beauveria bassiana and palm oil mill effluent to control Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. The method used in this study is a two factorial randomized block design (RBD), with 2 replications. The results of this study showed that the best density of Beauveria bassiana spores in controlling Oryctes rhinoceros larvae was 109 spores / ml and 50ml LCPKS  (I2Q2) with death time of 40 hours, daily mortality 60%, total mortality 100%
INOVASI SMART AGRICULTURE BERBASIS BLUE ECONOMY DENGAN TEKNOLOGI ROBOT CERDAS DAN KEMANDIRIAN ENERGI
Authors: Yusuf Arya , Widyaningrum Puspita , Ladayya Azka Bima , Rani Jania Cahya , Al-Fadihilah Ravi , Sultan Hulio Andrian  , Muhamad Biworo  , Sahid Ramandhani
Published: September 2024

Food estate merupakan program pemerintah Indonesia yang dikembangkan guna mencegah krisispangan, Program ini bertujuan memenuhi dan mengembangkan produksi pangan yangmengintegrasikan sektor pertanian, perkebunan, dan peternakan di wilayah yang luas. era society5.0 memberikan dampak pada sektor pertanian, salah satunya adalah konsep smart agriculture.Smart agriculture dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif yang berpeluang untuk mewujudkan foodestate di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji mengenai pertanian cerdas denganpemanfaatan lahan untuk tanaman sayuran dan kelapa sawit. Metode yang digunakan padapenelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi Pustaka dengan kajian literatur untukmemperoleh data dari jurnal, artikel, media cetak, dan media elektronik yang relevan. Berdasarkanstudi pustaka yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil bahwa inovasi greenhouse dengan panel suryasemi-transparan memberikan kondisi pencahayaan yang memadai untuk fotosintesis danpertumbuhan tanaman serta memberikan dampak terhadap serapan klorofil, fotoreseptor padatumbuhan hijau sebesar 24,8% sebanding dengan pertumbuhan tanaman di bawah sinar matahari.Selain itu penggunaan microbial fuel cell (MFC) sebagai energi cadangan mampu menghasilkanlistrik dalam kisaran 0.294 watt/m² hingga 6492 watt/m² dengan efisiensi penyisihan ChemicalOxygen Demand (COD) 48% hingga 94%
PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU EKSTRAKSI α-SELULOSA DARI PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN MIKROKRISTALIN α-SELULOSA
Authors: Aulia Muliana Harahap  , Ika Ucha Pradifta
Published: September 2024

The study about the supply of α-cellulose from palm frond as a raw material for microcrystalline α-cellulose by hydrolysis method using nitric acid (HNO3), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), sodium hypoclorite (NaOCl), aquadest (H2O, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was aiming to find out α-cellulose produced at the extraction time variation (minutes) approximately 90, 100, 110, 120, and 130, respectively. The parameter analysis of α-cellulose from palm oil frond as raw material for producing microcrystalline α-cellulose includes analysis of water content, α-cellulose yield, morphological analysis of α-celluloseyield, morphological analysis of α-cellulose by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), Fourier analysis Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) α-cellulose, and analysis of linitas with XRD (X-Ray Powder Diffraction) α-cellulose. The results showed that the best extraction time was 100 minutes with the results of the parameter analysis as follows: yield of 40.59%, water content of 1.332% and already fulfilling the Indonesian Industry Standards. The results of the characterization using FT-IR showed that α-cellulose amorphous from was characterized by 2 maximum peaks of 20 = 22o, 20o. The crystalline index was
PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET ARANG BERBASIS TANDAN KOSOSNG KELAPA SAWIT DAN ECENG GONDOK SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: STP, MT Giyanto
Published: September 2024

Growth population were very fast and caused demand to the energy increasingly while fuel ingredients fossilthinning out. The needed of energy alternative sources as energy biomass among them briquettes charcoal. Inanother, there are some potential biomass sources, one of that is empty bunch of oil pam. Briquettes charcoalfrom oil palm empty bunch could be an alternative to resolve limitations source power energy and at once asalternative. The material which used in this study were oil palm empty bunch and hyacinth mumps. Adhesivesare used is tapioca. The method used is press hydraulic with pressure Felts 0, 8 tons levels 10% adhesive.Charcoal processing used a modified drum. Charcoal obtained then pounded and then made ingredients traybriquettes charcoal. Briquettes charcoal made from 5 variations composition ingredients oil palm empty bunchand water hyacinth were 100%, 75 %: 25%, 50%: 50%, 25%: 75% with adhesive concentration 10% with adiameter of 2.15cm and 5.5 cm. The results of this study that best briquettes is TEG-1 treatment (100% bunchesblank with 10% adhesive produces) with value heat 5896 cal / g, water content 2.81%, content ash 20 %.
KARAKTERISASI KOMPOSIT POLIURETAN DENGAN PENGISI (FILLER) MIKRO KARBON AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA: Actived Carbon
Authors: Pada Mulia Raja
Published: September 2024

Polyurethane is a type of polymer made by reacting polyol (OH) groups with isocyanate (NCO) groups. Thepurpose of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of a mixture of polyol and toluene sourcesas well as by adding the composition of activated carbon of palm shell as a filler to determine the best results.The materials used in making composites are PPG (Polypropylene Glycol), TDI (Toluent DiIsocyanate) andPalm Oil Shell Activated Carbon. Palm shells are carbonated at 600 ◦C, then made into powder using a ballmill and then sieved with 110 mesh particle sieve and activated using 10% H2SO4. FurthermorePolyurethanes are made by mixing, PPG (Polypropylene Glycol), TDI (Toluent in Isocyanate) with a ratio of60%: 40% and then added the activated carbon of palm oil shell as a filler with polyurethane: 95% activecarbon (P1), 90 %: 10% (P2), 80%; 20% (P3), and 75%: 25% (P4), then the functional group (FT-IR) andmechanical properties testing consisted of tensile strength and elasticity values. The results of thecharacterization of amine (NH), methyl groups (C-H3), Acetyl groups (CN), carbonyl groups (C = O),isocyanate groups (N = C = O), and Aromatic Rings (C = C) . This can be concluded after the addition ofactivated carbon palm shell does not cause chemical reactions in the functional group. While the results of thecharacterization of the tensile strength of P0 to P1 with a value of 0.1966 MPa to 0.0317 MPa, then increasedin the composition of 90 P2, P3, and P4 with values of 0.0985 MPa, 0.2318 MPa, 0.2981MPa, and finallyoccurred decrease again in the composition of P5. While the highest elasticity value on composites with aratio of P4 is 0.05196 MPa, while the lowest elasticity value on the composition of P5 with a value of 0.0475MPa.
ANALISA KEHILANGAN ENERGI PADA BOILER PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT ENERGY LOSS ANALYSIS ON THE PALM OIL MILL BOILER
Authors: Zulham Effendi  , Zakwan  , Amar Fauzi Nainggolan
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this paper is to calculate boiler performance by knowing energy losses during uap production.Technical analysis on the boiler is needed, as an effort to increase efficiency and know how much energy iswasted as a loss. Factors causing the greatest heat loss / heat loss in the boiler include: "heat loss due to dryflue gas, uap content in the flue gas, water content in fuel, water content in air supply and others". Heat loss /heat loss or also can be called energy loss is one of the important factors that is very influential in identifyingthe efficiency of the boiler.For that analysis study is carried out with the calculation of heat loss in order todetermine the magnitude of performance decline and the causes of decreased performance. Based on data andanalysis of the direct method it is known that the highest energy loss is 26.6% with an efficiency of 74.5%.There needs to be an improvement in the control of the fuel settings and the incoming air optimally by usingthe Oxygen Trim Control which functions to measure the oxygen concentration in the chimney andautomatically regulates the oxygen in the air entering the burner so as to produce combustion with optimalefficiency. And by using an economizer on preheating feed water temperature can increase boiler efficiency
ANALISA ORGANOLEPTIK POMADE BERBASIS PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE DAN GLISERIN
Authors: Siregar Leonardi , Zakwan Zakwan , Raja Pada Mulia
Published: September 2024

Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is a by-product of the palm oil refining process which contains 80% of free fatty acids (ALB). Overall the palm oil manufacturing process will produce 73% olein, 21% stearin, 5-6% PFAD and 0.5% trench CPO. CPO can be used to produce solid palm oil (RBD stearin) and liquid palm oil. PFAD is a by-product of the Fractionation process at the Downstream Industry plant, which can add value to the industry if it is developed, for example, as a raw material for pomade. This study aimed to determine the quality of pomade hair oil based on PFAD and Glycerine using the organoleptic method. The stages of this research are; (1). Sampling (2). Deodorization (3). Pomade Making (4). Organoleptic analysis (5). Test data using LSR (BNT). The color BNT test analysis results with the notation of 0.01 and 0.04 seem to give a significant difference in the aroma analysis test P1M1 P2M2 with P3M3 P4M4 P5M5 it looks very significant and the results of the texture analysis test also show a very significant difference.
PENGARUH SUHU PEMANASAN PADA STASIUN KERNEL SILO DRYER TERHADAP MUTU KERNEL DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT PT. XYZ
Authors: Zakwan  , Mahyunis  , Faisal Busrizal , Sembiring Arifa Sura , Noor Faiz
Published: September 2024

Oil palm plantations are widespread in Indonesia, triggering the birth of many palm oil processing industries, so that this plant becomes a commodity for the country. Palm oil factories process fresh fruit bunches (FFB) which will later produce crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) as derivative products. Based on my experience and information, kernel processing in PKS cannot be fully maximized. Because many kernels are heated for a very long time so that the cost of production is high, and also many kernels are abandoned, moldy and smell rancid because the quality of the kernel is not fully achieved. In this case, the best processing of the kernel is needed. So that the quality of the kernel can be achieved. In this final assignment, it will be analyzed how the quality of the kernel is if heated with time and temperature below previous research. So that the kernel quality will be obtained according to SNI 01-000201- 1987 with lower energy consumption. This study will use a non-factorial random design method because it only has 1 factor, namely temperature variation (70 OC, 80 OC, and 100 OC).
Revolutionizing Financial Services: Automating and Integrating Fintech Systems for Global Efficiency
Authors:   USA, Rajendra Gnana Teja Reddy Nelavoy
Published: September 2024

In the recent past, especially over the last decade, the financial services industry has been revolutionary, mainly caused by Fintech. This paper discusses the importance of automating and implementing Fintech systems of RPA, BPM, CRM, and ERP in achieving optimization and improved internal and external regulatory, customer satisfaction, and achievements in financial services. These technologies aim to automate repetitive activities and combine diverse financial processes, which provide operational advantages, including cost minimization, accurate decision-making, and customer satisfaction. However, Fintech systems integration has some challenges, such as implementation complexity, data security issues, capital intensity, and change management challenges. The growing integration trends of BI and Analytics are equally discussed in this paper alongside the best practices that, when implemented, would facilitate the successful integration of BI and Analytics, including strategic planning, compliance with relevant regulations, data security, and employee training. Moreover, it explores new paradigms such as AI, blockchain, and cloud computing and new technological advancements that will potentially transform the financial sector. Globalization and crossing borders are discussed, as well as how Fintechs interact across borders, both the pros and cons of this, and how to adhere to the many forms of regulation globally. Based on the analysis provided in this paper, the argument can be made that financial institutions that effectively incorporate Fintech systems will be in a favorable position to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage across the globally integrated economy’s multiple fronts and meet emergent client needs in the digital age.
Biliary Track Cancer Retrospective Analysis of Last 10 Years
Authors:   Department of Surgical Oncology European Interbalkan Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece, J Spiliotis ,   Department of Surgery Phychico Athens Medical Center, Athens Greece,   Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital, Piraeus Greece, G Peppas ,   Department of Surgery Phychico Athens Medical Center, Athens Greece, J Karaiskos ,   Department of Surgery Phychico Athens Medical Center, Athens Greece, N Kopanakis ,   Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital, Piraeus Greece, I Charalampopoulos ,   Department of Surgical Oncology European Interbalkan Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: September 2024

Surgical resection could offer the only chance of a long-term survival for biliary tract cancer. In fact, only a small number of these patients can undergo surgery with curative intent. The majority receive palliative chemotherapy or other systemic treatments. In patients with localized disease the only treatment is a complete resection. We present herein our experience with 33 patients the last 10 years and summarize the surgical strategies and prognostic factors focusing on the role of surgical resection.
Startup in India –Stand Up India Retrospect and Prospects
Authors: Dr. A. Venkateswaran
Published: September 2024

India is rapidly emerging as a premier platform for entrepreneurs and startups, with significant contributions from innovative minds and successful entrepreneurs across small towns. The "Startup India; Standup India" initiative, launched in 2018, aims to create abundant opportunities and bolster India's startup ecosystem. This initiative establishes a robust framework for fostering innovation and startups, driving sustainable economic growth, and generating widespread employment opportunities. The government’s goal is to empower startups through innovation and design. The "Standup India" initiative focuses on promoting entrepreneurship among Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and women. The rural counterpart of Startup India is the Deen Dayal Upadhyay Swaniyojan Yojana. Both initiatives were launched by the Department of Industrial Promotion and Policy (DIPP) to nurture entrepreneurial talent and innovation across diverse communities. The study will examine the retrospective and prospective aspects of the "Startup India; Standup India" initiative, addressing the challenges and providing suggestions to enhance the program’s success. This research contributes to a nuanced understanding of the Indian startup ecosystem by meticulously evaluating the initiative’s successes, failures, and future directions, thereby providing a foundation for evidence-based policies to nurture startup growth. As Dhirubhai Ambani once said, "Ideas are no one’s monopoly. Think big, think fast, and think ahead."
Branding and Labelling in Agribusiness: The Influence on Consumer Perception and Purchase Intentions
Authors: Dr. Sheetal Hukker  , Dr. Reshma Sultana Ph  , Dr. Naveen Kumar M N  , Mr. Deepak D  , Dr. Sudha B. S  , Ms Ashwini S
Published: September 2024

Branding and Labelling are crucial marketing strategies in the agricultural industry that have a big impact on customer perception and purchasing intentions. This study looks at how consumer behaviour in the agricultural sector is affected by branding and Labelling. Using a mixed-method approach, the study examines the effects of various branding and labelling tactics on consumer trust, product recognition, and purchase choices by combining qualitative and quantitative data. The results show that precise, clear Labelling and well-designed branding not only increase the attractiveness of products but also build consumer trust and loyalty. The study also emphasises how eco-labels and certification labels influence consumer choices for sustainable agricultural goods. This research offers practical insights for industry stakeholders looking to enhance their marketing strategy through efficient branding and Labelling procedures by looking at case studies of successful agriculture brands.
ALVİN I. GOLDMAN’IN SOSYAL EPİSTEMOLOJİ TEORİSİNDE SOSYAL GEREKÇELENDİRME
Authors: Demir Mehmet Nuri
Published: September 2024

Alvin Goldman’ın sosyal epistemolojisi, kritik sosyal-kurumsal pratiklerin doğruluk kazanımı açısından değerlendirilmesiyle ortaya çıkar. Bir grup içindeki doğru ve yanlış inançların bilgiyi veya cehalet seviyesini nasıl etkilediği veritistik açıdan oldukça önemlidir. Alvin Goldman'ın sosyal epistemik bilgi inşası çok sıkı anlamda olmasa dahi doğruyu (veritistik bakış açısını) her türlü araştırmanın temel hedefi olarak kabul eder ve aynı zamanda sosyal süreç ve pratikleri değerlendirir. Goldman'ın epistemolojisi bireysel alandan sosyal bir bağlama doğru genişleyen bilgi inşa pratiklerini anlatır. Bilginin dayanaklarının sağlamlığını pekiştirmek açısından doğru inançlara dahil edilmesi gereken koşul, Platon'un Theaetetus diyalogunda da belirttiği üzere gerekçelendirme koşuludur. İster bireysel ister kolektif düzeyde bir gerekçelendirme için olsun gerekçelendirme, doğru inancı bilgi yapan ve bu bilginin doğruluğuna ilişkin olarak bize güven veren unsurdur. Sosyal bir yapıyı inşa eden faillerin başlangıçta kendine münhasır inançları ister istemez kolektif yargıları da ifade edecektir. Bir grubun fonksiyonel anlamda rasyonalitesinin olup olamayacağı tartışılsa da gruplara temsili ve sosyal anlamda inançlar ve gerekçeler atfedebilmek mümkün görünmektedir.
The Contribution of Cognitive Distortions in Predicting Achievement Motivation among Grade 11th Students in Al Sharqiyah North Governorate, Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Lawati Esam , Benkouider Amina , Masrori Jokah
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The Contribution of Cognitive Distortions in predicting achievement motivation among Grade 11th Students in Al Sharqiyah North Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman is to determine the extent to which cognitive distortions predict achievement motivation among eleventh-grade students in North Al Sharqiyah Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman.
Methodology: This is accomplished by determining students' levels of cognitive distortions and achievement motivation, and then investigating the straightforward linear link between cognitive distortions and accomplishment motivation. In addition to demonstrating statistically significant variations in cognitive distortions and levels of achievement motivation based on gender and academic specialty. The study sample consisted of (404) grade 11 students enrolled in public schools in the Sultanate of Oman's North Al Sharqiyah schools during the academic year 2021/2022 AD. The Achievement Motivation Scale for Children and Adults by Harmans (1987), and the Cognitive Distortions Scale created by Saladin (2015).
Results: The researchers have found the significance level of the regression model is less than 0.05, and they are statistically significant, hence the model has statistical significance and can predict the relationship between cognitive distortions and achievement motivation. The result also indicates that no differences in the level of cognitive distortions as a whole depending on the gender variable, in addition, the result shows that the cognitive structures that the individual builds about himself/herself and the world are not affected by the type of specialization that student’s study. The result indicates that the achievement motivation of the sample members is not affected by gender as well as the difference in the academic specialization of the student’s study.    
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended several significant recommendations: focusing on psychological counselling for students, regardless of their gender and cognitive levels, as well as introducing group counselling programs that work to improve the motivation to achieve and target cognitive distortions, and finally, conducting more research on the study variables.
Swine Brucellosis in the Kadiogo Province of Burkina Faso: Seroprevalence, Knowledge and Zoonotic Transmission Risk Behaviours among Farmers
Authors: Kadja M , Tialla D , Ouedraogo W , Sabi S , Kaboret Y
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to enhance the understanding of swine brucellosis, a critical zoonotic disease, by determining its seroprevalence in the Kadiogo province of Burkina Faso. Additionally, the study sought to evaluate farmers' knowledge of the disease and identify risky behaviors that may contribute to zoonotic transmission.
Methodology: A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted on 184 pigs using the Indirect ELISA method to detect antibodies against Brucella species. The study involved administering questionnaires to farmers to collect data on their socio-demographic profiles, knowledge of brucellosis, and farm management practices. Associations between seroprevalence and factors such as the pigs' sex, age, and breed were statistically analyzed.
Findings: The overall seroprevalence of swine brucellosis in the province was 23.9%. A higher prevalence was observed in females (25%) compared to males (21.7%), in pigs over one year of age (28%) compared to younger pigs (20%), and in exotic breeds (25.4%) compared to local breeds (19%). The study identified poor hygiene practices, particularly the handling of piglets without protection, as significant risk factors for brucellosis transmission. Only 18.2% of farmers had knowledge of the zoonotic potential of brucellosis.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To mitigate the risk of brucellosis transmission, the study recommends the implementation of targeted awareness and training programs for farmers, focusing on improving hygiene and biosecurity practices. It also underscores the importance of adopting a One Health approach to control zoonotic diseases in both animals and humans. Comprehensive surveillance and control measures should be reinforced to prevent further spread.
The Evolution of China's Cyber-Espionage Tactics: From Traditional Espionage to AI-Driven Cyber Threats against Critical Infrastructure in the West
Authors: Madubuko Christian C. , Chitsungo Chamunorwa
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This article critically investigates the evolution of China’s cyber-espionage strategies, specifically illustrating the shift from traditional espionage methodologies to the incorporation of advanced technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI). This transition profoundly reshapes global power dynamics, delineating nuanced threats to critical infrastructure in Western nations, including power grids, financial systems, and communication networks (Wang et al., 2019).
Materials and Methods: Utilizing a theoretical framework grounded in Joseph Nye's concept of soft power and contemporary security studies, this research posits a hypothesis: there exists a positive correlation between technological advancements and the escalation of espionage activities by state actors. The inquiry encompasses a comprehensive analysis of key components, such as vulnerabilities, adaptive strategies, geopolitical implications, deterrence mechanisms, and international collaboration, thereby illuminating the multifaceted risks to national security inherent in the digital age (Nye, 2004).
Findings: The study critically evaluates the countermeasures undertaken by Western countries, probing strategic enhancements of cyber defences and the formation of international coalitions aimed at collective security (Huang et al., 2021). The findings reveal substantial obstacles in achieving a cohesive and effective response to the rapidly escalating and pervasive nature of contemporary cyber threats (Zhang et al., 2020).
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Considering the ongoing maturation of China’s cyber capabilities, characterized by an increased reliance on AI and the impending advent of quantum computing, the article advocates for a comprehensive revaluation of global security practices (Mann et al., 2020). It underscores the imperative for Western nations to not only innovate defensively but to also adopt proactive measures and foster significant international collaboration. This multifaceted approach is essential to address the complex challenges posed by state-sponsored cyber operations within an increasingly interconnected global landscape (Chen et al., 2021).
THE WOMAN VICTIM OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Authors: BERCSENYI OANA-LAVINIA , POPP LAVINIA- ELISABETA , GEORGEVICI GABRIELA -FELICIA
Published: September 2024

Violence against women is a large-scale phenomenon in contemporary society, the number of women abused in a couple's relationship is constantly increasing. Even though in recent years there have been significant changes regarding the distribution of roles in the family, and the differences between men and women have narrowed considerably, there are still men with traditional mindsets who place women in a spot of inferiority, women's capabilities and aspirations being treated with superficiality or even with indifference.
The investigative approach consisted of qualitative research, with an interview guide, applied to 20 women involved in abusive relationships. The qualitative research was conducted in the "Children of Jesus" Day Center in Reșița Municipality. The purpose of the study is to determine the main reasons causing victims of domestic violence not to end the abusive relationship. The results of the research demonstrate the difficulties faced by victims of domestic violence and the need to adopt legislative measures to protect victims and apply strict sanctions to domestic abusers.
DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH EMPLOYABILITY ISSUES BY VOLUNTEERISM APPROACHES
Authors: CAMANARU MAGDALENA , PRODAN ADRIANA
Published: September 2024

There is a global warning signal regarding youth employability, with an estimate of a
quarter of world youth population – i.e. 290 million youth aged 15 – 25 years old
included in the NEETs (“not in education, employed or in training”) category. Last data
provided by EUROSTAT in 2022 shows that Romania have almost 20% of its 15 – 29
years old youth as NEETs (19.8%). This percent is almost double compared to EU
average of 11.7%. Therefore, a lot of effort was invested into funding special programs
and projects aiming at increasing qualification, professional skills and education levels
in youth. Between 2007 – 2015 more than 62% of the budget allocation targeting youth
in general and NEETs youth in particular (Priority Axe 2 – Improve the Situation of
Youth from NEETs Category), as part of the financial exercise for Romania, came from
the Social European Fund, and the impact of this investment has not been assessed, yet
(QURES, 2016, pp. 39).
Volunteerism, though, as a means of gaining necessary skills and competences needed to
find a job on the labour market, is often disregarded, although there are studies and
initiatives that show there is a correlation between volunteerism, competences and
increased employability chances, thus, underlining the economic capital volunteerism
brings.
The current article proposes to analyse the importance of volunteerism in increasing
employability chances in youth in general, NEETs youth in particular, through
comparative data showcase and examples from various countries, coming from practice
and literature review, including Romania’s efforts in this regard.
Exploring Students’ Perception of Chaplaincy Services at Sda College of Education, Asokore-Koforidua, Ghana
Authors: Osei Bismark Kwasi
Published: September 2024

Chaplaincy services in educational institutions, including colleges of education, play essential role in providing spiritual, emotional, social, academic and moral support to students. This study explored the perceptions of students at SDA College of Education in Asokore-Koforidua of Ghana, regarding their understanding and awareness of chaplaincy services available in the college, how these services influence their personal development, and their views on the challenges facing them in the provision of chaplaincy services in the college. The study employed the mixed methods approach for data collection and analysis. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 100 students for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed, using frequencies and percentages, while the interview’s data were analyzed thematically. The findings of the study revealed that there exists a strong awareness and understanding of chaplaincy services among students of SDA College of Education, Asokore-Koforidua. In addition, the study revealed that chaplaincy services offered in the college have positive impact on students’ personal development in various aspects, including emotional well-being, spiritual growth, social skills, academic performance and moral development. Furthermore, the study revealed that though, students find chaplaincy services to be very effective and supportive, there are still significant concerns regarding confidentiality and accessibility. Based on the findings, it was concluded that, although efforts to promote chaplaincy services in the college have been successful, further improvements are recommended to enhance the overall effectiveness and accessibility of these services for students.
Comparative Analysis Between Urban Livability and Social Exclusion in Sub Sahara Africa: A Literature Review
Authors: Yemi Yekeen Adewale , Misnan Siti Hajar
Published: September 2024

The Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region is undergoing rapid urbanization, which brings challenges such as unemployment, poverty, inadequate healthcare, poor sanitation, and the expansion of slums, all of which diminish the livability of its cities. To fully grasp Africa's socio-economic realities and disparities, it is crucial to understand the factors influencing urban livability and social exclusion. A comparative analysis of urban livability and social exclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) was conducted. Therefore, this study employs a systematic literature review to identify and assess relevant publications. The research highlights the importance of various factors in shaping urban livability and social inclusion, including open public spaces, economic opportunities, infrastructure, public services, safety and security, environmental quality, social cohesion, and urban planning. The study identifies critical elements for improving urban livability and reducing social exclusion in SSA cities, such as equal opportunities, economic development, adequate infrastructure, high-quality public services, safety and security, environmental sustainability, social cohesion, and inclusive urban planning. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers and urban planners to prioritize these elements in their efforts to develop more livable and inclusive cities.