bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Substrate Thinning on FPGA Performance and Reliability
Authors: Leonhardt Darin , Beechem Thomas , Cannon Matthew , Dodds Nathaniel , Fellows Matthew , Grzybowski Thomas , Haase Gad , LeBoeuf Thomas , Lee David , Rice William
Published: October 2021

Global thinning is a technique that enables backside failure analysis and radiation testing. In some devices, it can also lead to increased thresholds for single-event latchup and upset. In this study, we examine the impacts of global thinning on 28 nm node FPGAs. Test devices are thinned to 50, 10, and 3 μm via CNC milling. Lattice damage, in the form of dislocations, extends about 1 μm below the surface, but is removed by polishing with colloidal SiO2. As shown by finite-element modeling, thinning increases compressive global stress in the Si while solder bumps (in flip-chip packages) increase stress locally. The results are confirmed by stress measurements obtained through Raman spectroscopy, although more complex models are needed to account for nonlinear effects in devices thinned to 3 μm and heated to 125°C. Thermal imaging shows that increased local heating occurs with increased thinning, but the maximum temperature difference across the 3-μm die is less than 2°C. Ring oscillators throughout the FPGA fabric slow about 0.5% after thinning and another 0.5% when heated to 125°C, which is attributed to stress changes in the Si.
Failure Analysis Challenges for Chip Scale Packages
Authors: Li Susan X.
Published: October 2021

This presentation provides an overview of chip-scale packages (CSPs) and the challenges they create for failure analysis. It begins with a review of stacked, multichip, and wafer-level packages, using images and illustrations to highlight complexities. It then presents examples of package-level failure mechanisms including various forms of cracking, inadvertent wire bond contact, and die-edge chipping. It likewise assesses die-level analysis challenges and provides practical solutions. The presentation also includes several case studies and describes new and emerging challenges.
Financing of research activities of Russian universities from foreign sources
Authors: Ridiger A.
Published: October 2021

The volume and sources of co-ﬁnancing by foreign partners of research activities of Russian universities for the period 2010-2020 are analyzed. Identiﬁed funding trends; shows the dynamics of changes in ﬁnancial ﬂows of countries that have made the maximum contribution to the co-ﬁnancing of science of Russian universities.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Tumor Response Failure in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy at a Medical Center in Mexico
Authors: Macias-Diaz Salvador , Macias-Diaz Salvador , Castruita Avila Ana Lilia , Reinoso Toledo Joaquin Gabriel , Garcia Carrasco Mario
Published: October 2021

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with not achieving a complete pathological response in patients with breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with tumor response failure in patients with breast cancer operated and who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, analytical and observational study. Vitamin D was measured in patients with breast cancer who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and its association with tumor response was determined. For the inferential analysis, the Student’s t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test were used. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Thirty-six patients were included. There was tumor response failure to treatment in 69.3% and vitamin D deficiency occurred in 58.3%. No association was found between vitamin D deficiency and tumor response failure (p = 0.729), histological type (p = 0.691), molecular profile (p = 0.969), clinical stage (p = 0.468) or menopause status (p = 0.701).
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is not associated with tumor response failure in breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
ANALYSIS OF STATE SUPPORT MEASURES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN DURING THE CRISIS.
Authors: Akhundova A.
Published: October 2021

The crisis situation associated with the spread of the coronavirus COVID-19 has had a significant impact on all areas of economic activity, including the development of tourism. According to the WTO, world tourism has returned to 1990 levels with a decrease in arrivals by 1 billion and a loss of about 1.1 trillion. US dollars. The spread of coronavirus infection has caused significant damage to the tourism sector of Azerbaijan, primarily the hotel business, the activities of tour operators and travel agencies. In this connection, this article examines the development of tourism in Azerbaijan during the period of exacerbation of COVID-19, discusses topical issues related to the impact of the pandemic on the economy of the tourism industry of the republic, examines a set of tasks and measures adopted by the state to mitigate the consequences of the crisis and revive tourism activities.
GET-RICH-QUICK SCHEMES’ IMPACT ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF STOCK MARKET INVESTMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Amanzholova G.
Published: October 2021

At this moment, only 1% of people in Kazakhstan invest in the stock market. Apart from the lack of financial education, the increasing number of seemingly legitimate fraudulent financial schemes influence the public’s perception of the stock market. This research investigates the public perceptions of investment fraud, the difference between stock market investment and financial schemes, and the consequences of confusing the two concepts. Through a survey and an interview, the research yields qualitative and quantitative data. Although the majority of the people (75%) are aware that the stock market is not a scam, a higher majority (89%) believe it is risky. Fraudsters often capitalize on the victims’ ignorance. Often get-rich-schemes are unlicensed, unregulated, and lacks transparency while offering a high amount of returns for a small investment. Therefore, raising the public's awareness will encourage them to engage in stock market investing and avoid being scammed.
CONCOMITANT PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: Feshchenko Yu. , Ilyinskaya I. , Arefyeva L. , Kurik L. , Turchina I. , Kanarsky A.
Published: October 2021

The discrepancy between the data of different authors on the prevalence of comorbidity pathology in patients with bronchial asthma, in particular the digestive organs, and the impact of comorbidities during asthma has led to the feasibility of this study.
DESERT AND SEMI-DESERT VEGETATİON OF GARAGUSH MOUNTAIN
Authors: Novruzi N.
Published: October 2021

Desert and semi-desert vegetation It is observed in the form of a narrow strip from north to south, and local spots in the direction of Ordubad region after the Araz Lake. It covers the areas of 600-1000 meters in the plains of Sadarak, Sharur, Boyukduz, Nakhchivan, Gulustan, Yayji, Desta and Ordubad. Some of the typical desert elements have been found in the foothills of Mountain Garagush, especially in the Gendara zone. Of these species, Amaranthaceae Juss. , (Chenopodiaceae Vent.) Suaeda dendroides Mog, belonging to the genus Chenopodiaceae. - Woody herb, Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) Bieb. - Condensed sorrel and Seidlitzia florida (Bieb.) Bunge are examples of flowering marigold species. However, it is possible to claim that the desert vegetation was not fully formed, but that the desert vegetation formed a transition to semi-desert vegetation. Demiler, Gendera, Sariagil, Ramlar and Lizbird valleys of Garagush Mountain have local salinity, ephemeral-gallant (colored soil), gamma (gypsum soil) and sandy areas. The latter sandy area is more noticeable in the Lisbird Valley.
SOCIAL TENSION AND SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION OF LIVING CONDITIONS IN A PANDEMIC ACCORDING TO JSC SEWING COMPANY ,,IMERI“
Authors: Gabadadze I. , Mushkudiani N. , Tsereteli I.
Published: October 2021

The main aim of article ,,Social tension and subjective perception of living conditions in a pandemic according to JSC sewing company ,,Imeri“ is to learn how people perceive their own standard of living. We tried to find out how corresponds subjective perception of living conditions to the real state of the economy. The subject of research is to study subjective perceptions of living standards by tailors under pandemic influences in JSC sewing company ,,Imeri“. Our study was based on such indicators as living standards: Tailor's incomes from all possible sources, economic and political stability and etc. According to the relevant questionnaire, we compiled a survey of respondents-tailors and calculated the happiness index. According to this we calculated the salary of tailors, which will give them a better sense of life. The analysis of individual indicators allowed us to make the following conclusion: today, when in developed countries, the economy has become oriented to consumer and market demand is determined by the consumer's taste this is challenge for Georgia to create an appropriate economic environment. This will allow the country according to local production to provide each member of the community with an appropriate social guarantee. But, overcoming poverty and increasing the living standards of the population remain a priority for the state.
FORECASTING THE EXPORT VOLUME OF THE KYZYLORDA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Aralbayeva G. , Berikbolova U.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of forecasting the export of the Kyzylorda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the article the export data of the Kyzylorda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan are characterized by an unstable trend. According to the article, since 2014 the region has experienced an annual decline in export volumes which is associated with a decrease in oil production due to the exhaustion of resources, as well as a drop in uranium production which is associated with the price situation. It is emphasized that at the same time, industrial production is being reoriented to other types of economic activities related to innovation, in particular, the export of ammonium metavanadate and other products started in 2016. It is stated that the forecast of export volume showed an increase in export volumes in the following years, due to an increase in investment in innovative products. The dynamics of investments in innovations in the Kyzylorda region is considered, a model is built and a forecast of the volume of investments in innovations is made.
SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL VALUES
Authors: Kryukov V. , Rakunov V. , Hayarov D.
Published: October 2021

In the article, from the point of view of the theory of values, the main categories of political philosophy are considered: politics, management, power. The tribal community was governed by rituals and taboos. In civil society, it is necessary to develop an order of relations between strangers, and for this it is necessary to adopt some rules of behavior that become laws and develop into legal codes, sets of legal norms.

 Two circumstances are of fundamental importance in the functioning of social roles: due to the fact that the social role is a secondary and transformed form of personality, it represents, replaces one, several or many personalities. The phenomenon of representation is dialectically accompanied by its reverse side – the personification of a social role. The performer of a particular social role, occupying a position, being nominated for a particular post, being endowed with a certain rank, rank or degree and title, not only freely, but also out of necessity identifies himself and his social position.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORMATION PROBLEMS IMAGE OF THE STATE SERVICE AND PRIVATE SECTOR OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Nurtazin M.
Published: October 2021

At present, consistent work is being carried out in Kazakhstan to ensure stability in all spheres of public life, the stability of the domestic system of power and administration, predictability and openness of power structures.
VISUALIZATION OF OWN RELATIONSHIPS VARIABLES OF UNMEASURED INDICATORS OF INDIVIDUAL CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors: Zhanatauov S. , Abdildin N.
Published: October 2021

The article provides visualization of the dynamics of model interdependent values of variability of unmeasured indicators of an individual's consciousness using the formula for "own deviation and the step of own deviation" z-variability of an unmeasured indicator such as emotions, feelings of an individual. Indicators measuring emotions, feelings, indicators with meanings (units of measurement "percent") and the axiom of the existence of one's own deviation of the manifestations of emotion, feelings of the individual. Indicators measuring emotions, feelings, indicators with meanings (units of measurement "percent") and the axiom of the existence of one's own deviation of the manifestations of emotion, feelings of the individual. Manifestations of variability of the unmeasurable indicator (in the social model of P. Sorokin) of the loss of sensory culture "by the individual.) Are modeled [1], their names-meanings are cognitively determined, and the unmeasured values of their zvariability are modeled and their joint dynamics of variability are visualized, satisfying the axiom of their own existence. deviations. Figures 1-6 clearly illustrate the adequacy.
CONDENSATION OF ATOMIC COLLAPSAR - MONOPOLIUM CATALYZING REACTIONS OF COLD TRANSMUTATION OF NUCLEI. HEURISTIC HYPOTHETICODEDUCTIVE MODEL OF THE THEORY OF QUANTUM GRAVITATION.
Authors: Triburt V.
Published: October 2021

As a result of the reactions of cold nuclear transmutation, more energy is released than is expended. To explain the phenomenon, a heuristic algorithm for the chain reaction of string condensation is proposed. The resulting atomic collapsar catalyzes the reactions of cold nuclear transmutation due to the magnetic monopole effect.
POST-SOVIET HISTORY OF TATARSTAN: CHANGING THE RELATIONSHIP SYSTEM WITH THE FEDERAL CENTER IN 2000-2010.
Authors: Sudyin A.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the process of settlement of legal aspects of relations between the Republic of Tatarstan and the federal center in the period from 2000 to 2010.
DARKNET - THE DARK SIDE OF THE INTERNET OR IS IT REALLY SO BAD?
Authors: Dvoryankin O.
Published: October 2021

The main purpose of this article is to study the main aspects concerning such segment of the modern Internet as the black side of the Internet-the DarkNet. The author analyzes the types, forms, features, positive and negative aspects of the Darknet, and also compares it with the open Internet. The characteristics of anonymity are investigated. In addition, the article clarifies the main points concerning the illegality of the use and negative features of the DarkNet and suggests ways of information security.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEGAL CULTURE ON THE ACTIVITYCADASTRAL ENGINEERS AND SPECIALISTS OF LAND AND PROPERTY RELATIONS
Authors: Tsvetikova T. , Oxamytny V.
Published: October 2021

Cadastral activity is important when accounting for real estate objects in the Unified State Register of Rights (USRN), because it not only reveals the qualitative and quantitative parameters of land plots and capital construction objects for their rational use later, but also allows you to correctly calculate the specific indicator of cadastral value, cadastral value; the market price and value of the corresponding real estate objects for calculating land tax and property tax for legal entities or individuals.

How successfully the works included in the structure of activities related to the study of individual properties of real estate objects will be carried out depends mainly on the professionalism of cadastral engineers and specialists in the field of land and property relations, whose indicators in the work are determined by their understanding of the significance of specific professions from the standpoint of laws and by-laws regulating these areas of the national economy of the state, i.e. on the level of individual and corporate legal culture.
THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INGUSHETIA.
Authors: Tsitskiev Z. , Bazgiev M. , Badurgova K. , Arsamakov I.
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

The results of two-year observations of the growth and development of four sunflower varieties: Master, Flagman, Lakomka, Rodnik against the background of the use of three plant growth regulators: Zircon, Epin and Regoplant on the soil in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia are presented.

Studies have shown that the effect of growth regulators begins to manifest itself even during the period of seed germination. The length of seedlings and roots was most influenced by Zircon, less by Regoplant and Epin. Sunflower seeds treated with these growth regulators had roots 2.0-2.5 cm longer than the roots of untreated seeds (control), and the length of seedlings exceeded the control by 2.7-3.5 cm, while the Flagman variety had a small length of seedlings and roots. advantage.

During the study period, the Flagman cultivar was distinguished by the highest yield, the Lakomka cultivar was somewhat less productive, and the Rodnik and Master cultivars were the least productive. On average, over two years of research, the varieties Flagman and Lakomka against the background of the use of Regoplant provided 2.5 t / ha of oilseeds, which is significantly more than other options.
HEART RATE VARIABILITY AS A REFLECTION OF THE TONE OF THE VEGETATIVE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF SURGERY OF TUMORS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF WOMEN
Authors: Kozhomberdiev B. , Makimbetova Ch.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of a study of heart rate variability at women after hysterectomy with appendages. There were showed the relationship of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system in the regulation of the heart rhythm.
Теоретичні засади музейної візуальності
Authors: Маньковська Руслана , Гаврилюк Світлана
Published: October 2021

Based on modern visual discourse, the article views the issues of theoretical and methodological content related to museum visuality, analyzes scientific approaches and methods involved in visual culture, focuses on the features of visualization and decoding of museum space, the specifics of its modeling and interpretation of visual structures. The article aims to analyze the theoretical foundations of museum visuality, which involves solving the problem of identifying the specifics of theoretical and methodological tools for the study of visuality in museology and necessitated by the development of the modern interdisciplinary subject of visual studios – in the context of which museum visuality as a specific form of visual culture, acquires new features. The research methodology consists of scientific approaches and methods of socio-humanitarian direction, such as hermeneutical, cultural, semantic, semiotic, social, and psychoanalytical. The attention is drawn to the interdisciplinary approach as a major in visual studies. Comprehensive theoretical analysis of museum visuality enabled a more profound understanding of its possibilities. The scientific novelty lies in relevant theoretical and methodological principles through the cultural concept of the visuality’s synergy and museology. The article analyzes the methodological basis of museum visuality, for the first time distinguishing it from visual culture, and identifies the specifics of the theoretical mechanism functioning in museum space. Conclusions.The theoretical foundations of visual studies have significantly expanded the possibilities of museology as a scientific field and involved in modern museum practices, which have significantly transformed the museum space. The study of the theoretical chapter of museum visuality proves the significance of an interdisciplinary approach as a major one, especially in the development of visual technologies used in museum practices.
Reflexões sobre o conceito kantiano de esclarecimento a partir da teoria marxiana
Authors: Jacques Luís Fernando , De Oliveira Luana Aparecida
Published: October 2021

A discussão sobre o conceito de esclarecimento perpassa a concepção de Immanuel Kant, que o tematizou enquanto saída do indivíduo da sua condição de menoridade intelectual e de tutela daqueles que impedem o exercício do pensar por si próprio, impelindo a conquista da autonomia que exige a condição de liberdade e de fazer o uso público da razão. Tal problematização acerca das dificuldades interpostas ao processo de esclarecimento pode ser relacionada com o problema do estranhamento em Marx, realizando as devidas ponderações em relação ao contexto histórico e social de ambos os filósofos. Deste modo, por meio da investigação filosófica, é possível estabelecer correlações de complementariedades, diferenças e contrapontos entre as concepções distintas de Kant e Marx. Assim, percebemos que a busca pelo esclarecimento depende da superação das determinações materiais do conjunto de alienações produzidos pelo modo de produção capitalista, visando a conquista da emancipação humana compreendida como liberdade autônoma efetiva.
A biopolítica da pandemia: Agamben e Bolsonaro entram em um bar
Authors: S. Scaldaferro Maikon C.
Published: October 2021

A pandemia de coronavírus que alterou a vida de pessoas em todo mundo desvelou surpreendentes “afinidades eletivas” entre o crítico do Estado de exceção e o fã do Estado de exceção. Nesse trabalho discute-se por que o filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben apresentou teses sobre a pandemia que mais lembram as falas negacionistas do presidente do Brasil. Mais do que uma mera análise política equivocada da pandemia, entendemos que as teses defendidas por Agamben decorrem da própria teoria da biopolítica que o filósofo elaborou em seus textos mais celebrados. Neste artigo procuramos primeiramente apontar os fundamentos da teoria da biopolítica elaborada por Agamben. Num segundo momento mostramos como as ideias do filósofo italiano estão alinhadas com o que tem sido defendido pelo presidente Bolsonaro. Ao final, indicamos porque os textos de Agamben sobre a pandemia são uma consequência lógica daquilo que ele havia formulado em sua teoria da biopolítica.
A lei natural como vontade de potência: considerações nietzschianas acerca da legislação da natureza
Authors: Feiler Adilson Felicio
Published: October 2021

A presente investigação se empenha em mostrar as considerações de Nietzsche acerca da lei natural. Dado que o filósofo alemão baseia o seu pensamento em uma concepção organicista, em princípio se é levado a pensar em uma acolhida e até ênfase positiva quanto a lei natural. No entanto, em diversas passagens de seus escritos Nietzsche se mostra hostil quanto a lei natural, por principalmente atuar como enquadramento, medição e cálculo do movimento da natureza. A lei natural, por essa razão, consiste em falsificação da natureza. Pois, os mecanismos legais se impõem sobre o livre atuar da natureza, destituindo-a de sua singularidade orgânica para enquadrá-la numa racionalidade artificial. O livre atuar da natureza não pode ser capturado por mecanismos de enquadramento racional ditados pela lei natural. Contudo, Nietzsche reconhece na vontade de potência uma espécie de lei natural que atua sobre os fenômenos naturais sem os constranger, mas os conduz até os mais altos cumes da força.
A liberdade da consciência humana: o que Lutero e Kierkegaard tem a nos dizer?
Authors: Allgayer Heloisa
Published: October 2021

Nesse artigo procuro trazer a luz as convergências e divergências entre o reformador alemão Marinho Lutero e o filósofo Dinamarquês Kierkegaard. Para tanto o texto foi subdividido em quatro capítulos para que pudesse ser possível trazer a s ideias principais dos autores.  O diálogo entre Lutero e Kierkegaard, onde o autor defende a liberdade de consciência como sendo uma liberdade de, do modo como Lutero o faz, uma vez que a nossa liberdade só é encontrada quando amamos a Cristo, com uma paixão tão distinta que estamos dispostos a arriscar tudo por ele e concomitantemente sacrificar tudo por ele. Segundo Kierkegaard (1978) o sujeito que é capaz de ficar sozinho no mundo, consultando apenas a sua consciência é um herói. Kierkegaard apela para Lutero, o monge solitário que enfrentou o Imperador e o Papa, levando primeiramente à criação e ao fortalecimento da consciência no silêncio e na solidão. Sendo assim, somente o sujeito solitário diante de Deus, disposto a fazer todos os sacrifícios por Deus pode ser livre, enquanto o segundo Lutero, levou a uma visão que leva os sujeitos à abolição da consciência, buscando o perdão dos pecados em Cristo para que seja possível se divertir em vida. O amor de Deus, que para Lutero nos leva a liberdade para Kierkegaard nos mantém aprisionados e angustiados, pois, o sujeito terá a consciência de que jamais conseguirá retribuir tal amor. Para que seja possível aplacar tal angústia deve ter uma vida totalmente entregue à Ele.
Sobre as paixões humanas em Thomas Hobbes
Authors: Rocha Lara , Cândido Raphaela
Published: October 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo identificar as principais paixões que perpassam o corpus teórico hobbesiano. Para tanto, iniciar-se-á a exposição analisando o mecanismo das paixões fundamentado pelo autor. A seguir, será destacado de que modo as paixões desenfreadas inviabilizam a convivência pacífica entre os indivíduos, estabelecendo um cenário em que os conflitos são inevitáveis. Tendo isto em vista, duas delas serão analisadas mais pormenorizadamente: a vanglória e o medo. Após ressaltar que o homem hobbesiano tende naturalmente para o benefício próprio, para a competição e para a dominação, representando uma ameaça para o outro, será assinalado como o Estado se afirma como o artifício que objetiva disciplinar as paixões. Esta parte da argumentação analisará as paixões desejáveis para a manutenção da vida civil, com destaque para a esperança, para o desejo de conforto e deleite, para o desejo de conhecimento e das artes, assim como para o próprio medo e a vanglória.
O thatsache na filosofia elementar de K. L. Reinhold
Authors: Langer Douglas William
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o surgimento e os problemas aos quais o conceito de Thatsache ou fato da consciência busca solucionar no desenvolvimento da filosofia reinholdiana em seus anos iniciais. Para isso se utilizarão quatro textos chaves no desenvolvimento da Filosofia Elementar de Reinhold tratando-os em três passos. Num primeiro momento o texto se debruçará sobre o problema da diferenciação das condições internas e externas da representação com relação à mera representação e os problemas surgidos a partir dessa empresa no Ensaio para uma nova teoria da faculdade de representação humana (1789). Num segundo momento se analisará como Reinhold procura, por meio do conceito de fato, apresentar uma solução para o problema da diferenciação imediata supracitada nos textos Sobre a possibilidade da filosofia como ciência rigorosa e Nova apresentação dos momentos mais altos da Filosofia Elementar ambos presentes nas suas Contribuições para a retificação dos mal-entendidos dos filósofos até agora (1790) e num terceiro momento, como esse conceito funciona para além disso, como um princípio de toda a consciência e por conseguinte, da Filosofia Elementar, especialmente em seu Sobre o fundamento do saber filosófico, conhecido popularmente apenas por Fundamentschrift de 1791.
The effect of amaranth oil on autoantibodies in lupus prone mice
Authors: Martirosyan Danik , Hutcheson Jack , Sajitharan Deena , Williams Samantha , Mohan Chandra
Published: October 2021

Background: Autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, can have severe impacts on quality of life. They are one of the leading causes of death for women in the United States. Distinguished by the body damaging its own tissues and organs, they are often classified and diagnosed based on autoantibody levels. Treatments often include immunosuppressant drugs, which can have adverse effects. Aim of Study: Amaranth is a good functional food candidate, possessing antioxidants, bioactive compounds, and a variety of health benefits, such as lowering cholesterol, and aiding diabetes and hypertension. Previous studies have largely focused on the grain or seed, but amaranth oil is less explored. This study examines whether orally administered amaranth oil had any effects on autoantibodies and splenic immune cell populations in murine subjects.Methods: Mice in the experimental group (n = 3) were given 4μl of amaranth oil per gram of mouse weight for 5 days a week over 84 days. Control mice (n = 2) were sham treated on the same schedule with no oil. To determine autoantibody levels, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were first conducted on wells pre-coated with double stranded DNA, single stranded DNA, histones, or double stranded DNA and then histones (nucleosomes). Autoantibody presence was quantified by measuring absorbance at 405nm. Splenic cell populations were examined with flow cytometry and compared using a student’s t-test. Results: Compared to the control group, the mice receiving amaranth oil showed decreased IgG and IgM histone autoantibody absorbance levels throughout the whole study. IgG dsDNA, ssDNA, and nucleosome autoantibody absorbances were lower than that of the control group for the first 42 days. IgM dsDNA, ssDNA, and nucleosome autoantibody absorbances were lower only for the first 14 days. There were no significant differences found amongst splenic immune cell populations between the control and experimental groups.Conclusion: These preliminary data show that amaranth oil may help decrease autoantibody levels in lupus prone murine subjects. However, given the small number of subjects in this study, further research is needed to confirm observed effects and determine the most effective dose and administration schedule. Keywords: autoantibody, IgG, IgM, histone, dsDNA, ssDNA, nucleosome, amaranth oil, immunoglobulin, lupus
MALOCCLUSION AND DENTAL GROWTH DISORDERS: DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OR CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HEREDITARY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS?
Authors: Timofeev E.V. , Galstyan S.G. , Zemtsovsky E.V.
Published: October 2021

Currently, hereditary connective tissue disorders (HCTD) are divided into hereditary syndromes - rare diseases that are diagnosed according to internationally agreed criteria (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos, Stickler, Loeys-Dietz syndromes, and others), and a number of dysplastic phenotypes (marfanoid habitus, marfan-like and Ehlers-like phenotypes, benign joint hypermobility). The involvement of the bone system in the dysplastic process is typical for most HCTD. The bone signs of dysembriogenesis include malocclusion and dental growth disorders. The article presents an overview of current recommendations for a number of HCTD, assesses the role of facial signs of dysembriogenesis in the diagnostic algorithms for these diseases. A rather low prognostic value of such signs as malocclusion and dental growth disorders in the detection of hereditary syndromes and dysplastic phenotypes is shown. The clinical manifestations of HCTD in the maxillofacial region are analyzed - the frequent detection of different types of the malocclusion and dental growth disorders in HCTD is demonstrated. The difficulties of orthodontic treatment of patients with hereditary syndromes are substantiated.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN MEDICAL BLOGS FOR UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Ayrapetyan S.A. , Govorushkina V.P. , Lipskaia I.L. , Lopukhova E. Yu. , Lukianets K. Yu. , Savina A.A.
Published: October 2021

Background. In recent years, social media more and more are mentioned such as the source of medical information. The aim of our study is to evaluate the significance of the information published in medical blogs for undergraduate medical students from Russia.
Materials and methods. 124 undergraduate (fifth- and sixth-year) students of the educational program "General Medicine" of medical universities of Russia took part in an online survey. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
Results. Among the students surveyed, 82.7% subscribed to physicians’ medical blogs. Students most commonly subscribe to medical blogs to stay up-to-date with the latest trends in medicine and to receive information in areas of interest. 68.4% of respondents follow blogs with topics that match their prospective future specialities. 84.5% of surveyed students consider it necessary to verify the information published in blogs in specialized literature. 56.1% of interviewees made recommendations based on information from medical blogs to their familiar. Female students were more likely to consult a specialist after reading his or her posts on social media than male students (26.9% vs 5.7%, p=0.009). 69.6% of respondents trust information from medical blogs more than from university professors in certain cases.
Conclusions. The results of our research attest that a significant part of students is interested in using the recommendations presented in medical blogs in their further practical activities. However, the dynamics of the attitude of students and young doctors to information published in medical blogs, as practical experience accumulated, requires further study.
Mandala Desenlerinden İslami Süslemelere Dairesel Örüntüler ve Çağdaş Sanata Yansımaları
Authors: DOĞAN Hatice
Published: October 2021

Daire insan hayatında en ilksel bir biçim olarak var olmuştur. İnsan türü dünya üzerindeki var oluşunun erken döneminde gökyüzüne baktığında karşılaştığı ilk form daireseldir. Bu yüzden dairenin insan için bilinçdışında arketipsel bir form olduğu söylenebilir. Dairesel örüntüler ise bir merkez etrafında aynı biçimin tekrar etmesiyle oluşturulur ve tarih boyunca çeşitli kültürlerde karşımıza çıkar. Bu örüntüler çoğu inanç sisteminde insanoğlunun dünyanın anlamsızlığına ve korkutuculuğuna karşı güvenebileceği tek nokta olan Tanrı’yı sembolize ederler. Bu özelliğinden dolayı dairesel örüntüler birçok çağdaş sanatçı tarafından çeşitli duygusal ve bilişsel durumları aktarmak için eserlerinde kullanılmaktadır.Bu çalışmada dairesel örüntülerin ortaya çıkışı, çeşitli inanç sistemlerinde merkez sembolizminin varlığı ortaya konacak ve çağdaş sanatçıların eserlerinde dairesel örüntüleri kullanma biçimleri tartışılacaktır.
Güzel Sanatlar ve Tasarım Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin “Tasarım” Kavramına Yönelik Metaforları
Authors: CANBOLAT Cihan
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırma; Güzel Sanatlar ve Tasarım Fakültesi öğrencilerinin “tasarım” kavramına ilişkin sahip oldukları zihinsel imgeleri ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya Kastamonu Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar ve Tasarım Fakültesi Geleneksel Türk Sanatları, Grafik Tasarımı, Resim ve Seramik-Cam Bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 195 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veriler öğrencilerin, “Tasarım……………………….gibidir, çünkü…………………..gibidir” cümlesini tamamlamalarıyla veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni, verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ise içerik analizi modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda tasarım ile ilgili olarak toplam 98 metafor üretmiştir. Öğrencilerin tasarım kavramına yönelik geliştirdiği metaforlar; alan/tür olarak tasarım, amaç olarak tasarım, bilişsel süreçler olarak tasarım, duyuşsal süreçler olarak tasarım, bilişsel ve duyuşsal süreçler olarak tasarım, doğa olarak tasarım, insana özgü olarak tasarım, iz olarak tasarım, kültür olarak tasarım, obje olarak tasarım, ölçüt olarak tasarım, özgürlük olarak tasarım, sanat olarak tasarım, yaratıcılık olarak tasarım, yaşam olarak tasarım, yer/mekân olarak tasarım, zaman olarak tasarım olmak üzere 17 kategori altında toplanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin tasarım kavramına yönelik ürettiği metaforların bölümlere göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Mecmuâ-i Sâz ü Söz’de Yer Alan Dini Musiki Eserleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: İŞLER Ubeydullah , SATIR Ömer
Published: October 2021

Yapılan bu çalışmanın odak noktasını 17’nci yüzyılın önemli eserlerinden Mecmuâ-i Sâz ü Söz’de yer alan dini musiki eserleri oluşturmaktadır. İlahi, tesbih, tevhid ve ayin-i şerif gibi Türk din musikisinin önde gelen 34 repertuvar bileşeni mecmua içindeki sayısal dağılım, nota yazısında kullanılan işaretler, makam, usul ve form yapısı başta olmak üzere güfte dinamikleri üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler ışığında dini türlerin mecmua içinde dokuz farklı fasıl içinde tanzim edildiği; bilhassa ilahi ve tesbihlerin şemsiye bir başlık olarak kullanıldığı; tevhid türünün anlamına uygun bir örnekle temsil edildiği; ayin-i şerif’in ise günümüzdeki ayin formunun üçüncü bölümünden ibaret olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu eserlerde anahtar ve usul göstergeleri ile ses değiştirici işaretler bulunmaktadır. Yine röpriz, puandorg, uzatma ve deyim bağı gibi notalama işaretlerini görmek mümkündür. Dini eserlerin ezgi organizasyonu on beş farklı makam içinde yer alırken Hüseyni ve Neva makamları nicel olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Buna karşın günümüzün dini musiki repertuvarında oldukça sık kullanılan Uşşak ve Segâh makamlarının temsil oranı oldukça düşüktür. Zaman organizasyonu ise beş farklı usul üzerinden gerçekleşirken burada Düyek usulü öndedir. Usulü belirlenemeyen eserlerin varlığı ise dikkat çekicidir. Eserler form açısından değerlendirildiğinde ilahi, tevhid ve ayin şerif’in tesbihlere nazaran sınırlı bir müzikal ifadeye sahip olduğu, biçim yapısı açısından tesbihlerin diğer türlerden ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Güfte bakımından aruzlu yapının hâkimiyeti öne çıkarken dini eserlerin anlam evrenini ağırlıklı olarak gazel, murabba ve koşma nazım şekilleri inşa etmektedir.
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF STONES IN CASES OF URINARY TRACT CALCULUS
Authors: Roy Teffy Anish , Saxena Gourav , Vyas Atul
Published: October 2021

Background & Method: The present study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, Indore (M.P.). A total of 30 study subjects (post operated cases of urolithiasis) were selected from the surgical ward in Index Hospital from period of 12 months with an aim to Biochemical Analysis of Stones in cases of Urinary Tract Calculus.

Result: A total of 46 renal stones were analyzed, from 30 patients. In 30 patients, 18 were Males and 12 Females. The Bio-chemical analysis of renal stones revealed the presence of mixed stones with highest present of Calcium Oxalate stones, followed by uric acid stones.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that in Index Medical College and Hospital a significant proportion of renal stones were containing calcium oxalate as constituent and were non phosphate in composition. The study concluded that the biochemical composition of renal calculi is important during the treatment of renal stone disease and reducing the recurrence by avoiding promoters of stone formation.

Keywords: Biochemical, Stones, Urinary Tract & Calculus.
IoT-платформа для вібраційної діагностики промислового обладнання
Authors: Туркін Ігор Борисович , Лезновскій В'ячеслав Андрійович
Published: October 2021

The subject of study in the article is a digital platform for vibration diagnostics of industrial equipment. The aim is to increase the informativeness of vibration diagnostics processes of industrial equipment by developing and implementing IoT-oriented solutions based on the concept of intelligent sensors and actuators according to the IEEE standard 1451.0-2007. Tasks: to substantiate the feasibility of using platform-oriented technologies for vibration diagnostics of industrial equipment and choose a cloud service for the implementation of the platform, to develop software and hardware solutions for IoT-platform for vibration diagnostics of industrial equipment; calibrate the vibration diagnostic system and check the accuracy of the measurement. The methods used are microservice approach, multilevel architecture, methods for assessing the condition of equipment by vibration indicators. The following results were obtained. The Microsoft Azure IoT platform, which provides the infrastructure for creating and managing cloud applications, was chosen as the cloud computing platform for the industrial equipment vibration diagnostic system. Azure Internet of Things Suite is a Microsoft Azure IoT service designed to integrate and organize data flows, analyze, and present data in a format that helps people make informed decisions. The architecture of the IoT-system of vibration diagnostics of industrial equipment developed and presented in the article is three-level. The level of autonomous sensors provides reading of vibration acceleration indicators and through the digital wireless data transmission channel BLE transmits data to the Hub level, which is implemented based on a single-board microcomputer BeagleBone. The computing power of BeagleBone provides work with artificial intelligence algorithms. At the third level of the server platform, the tasks of diagnosing and predicting the state of the equipment are solved, for which the Dictionary Learning algorithm implemented in the Python programming language is used. Conclusions. Tests of the IoT system for vibration diagnostics of industrial equipment were performed using a special stand, which allows the calibration of sensors and verification of the accuracy of the measuring system. The correctness of the entire system is confirmed by the coincidence of expected and measured results. The direction of development of the IoT-system for vibration diagnostics of industrial equipment is the development of additional microservices, which will add the possibility of using modern artificial intelligence technologies for complex diagnostics and forecasting of equipment status.
Formalization of tasks generation for complex of interactive web-tests on math
Authors: Chukhray Andrey , Yashina Elena , Leshchenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2021

The approach to the formalization of the generation of problem situations applicable to the development of tutoring programs consisting of many tasks is considered. The main errors arising during the software-based generation of parameters are specified. Mathematical modeling of parametrical generation algorithms examined by examples of tasks that make up complex tests on mathematics for secondary schools. The parametric generation method proposed in the article allows getting the large quantitative variations in task problem situations. Thereby, every learner will get a personal unique set of tasks. The structure and functionality of web-tests complex consisting of tasks generated via the proposed method are described. The subject of research in the article is the process of computer training in mathematics. The goal is to develop a method for task generation for mathematical disciplines. Tasks. Research and analysis of the set of mathematical problems. Parameterization of each task and development method and algorithms for automated generation parameters with the determination of incorrect combinations of parameters or problem situations that have no solution. Estimation of borders of admissible for approximate answers. Evaluation of the user solution of a single task and a sequence of tasks. The general objective of the work is to make the software product consisting of a sequence of mathematics tasks. The software should have an extended user interface for the graphical presentation of various problem situations in various mathematical topics. The program must be accessible via the Internet. The following results were obtained: developed methods and algorithms of task generation, which provide correct problem situations and unique parameter sets for each user; described the program complex structure and developed the software system of mathematical web-tests provides two levels of difficulty. Conclusion. The scientific novelty lies in the development of the method of task generation for interactive web tests on the mathematics and its computer implementation with the possibility of graphical representation of tasks and checking of tasks correctness.
Concept of effective Control among the Means of Restoring National Security of Ukraine
Authors: Cherviakova O. V. , Sytnyk R. V. , Honcharenko M. M.
Published: October 2021

The sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine have been violated for more than seven years, part of the territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea are temporarily not under the control of the sovereign. Researchers and reintegration experts pay attention to the categories of effective and general control in these circumstances. Both concepts from the point of view of historical and law-making importance have significantly influenced the development of international public law and the state responsibility institution involved in armed conflicts, but accomplish this not directly, but through third parties of the conflict: a state controls the behavior of individuals or groups of individuals on the territory of another state. It is possible to appropriate the actions of individuals to the state through the concepts of state and effective control at the international level, although such evidence is extremely difficult in some cases, since the relationship is carefully concealed and the state denies its involvement in international armed conflict. The establishment and recognition of such a relationship between a state and a person or a group of persons, as well as the disclosure of the causal link between governmental actions and the conduct of individuals becomes the subject matter of proving at the international level in case of applying the concepts of effective and general control. In particular, the United Nations International Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights are actively working with the concepts of effective and general control to deal with cases of violating human rights, international humanitarian law on the territories of armed conflict.

All this determines the relevance of the research of these concepts for their subsequent practical application to prove the fact of involvement of certain subjects of international law in armed conflicts. In this aspect, the development of the concept of effective or general control can facilitate the solution of topical issues of Ukraine’s domestic and foreign policy. The analysis of this concept can be taken as arguments that the conflict in Ukraine should be classified as international, armed aggression of the Russian Federation is being carried out against Ukraine.