bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The emergence of the showrunner in global contemporary TV fiction: The case of Pau Freixas in Catalonia
Authors: Cascajosa-Virino Concepción
Published: May 2018

This article approaches the television career of Pau Freixas, screenwriter, director and producer of the series Polseres vermelles (2012–13), Cites (2013–16) and Sé quién eres (2017). The television works of Pau Freixas epitomise three recent changes experienced in the creation of television fiction. First, the international emergence of the showrunner, a key characteristic of the American TV industry, that has expanded globally as a symbol of creative autonomy. Second, Pau Freixas’ career marks an ongoing tendency on contemporary Spanish TV: many directors began their career in cinema but have ended up working in television, making him a rara avis as a showrunner-director. Last, he has developed the most important part of his career in the Catalan public television channel, TV3, where he matured as a storyteller in a way that, in the context of contemporary television, has facilitated remarkable international success for his works.
Book Reviews
Authors: Sabido Ruth Sanz , Espluga Josep , Caballero Antonio , Rojas Néstor David Polo
Published: May 2018

Posmemoria de la Guerra Civil y el Franquismo: Narrativas Audiovisuales y Producciones Culturales En El Siglo Xxi, Laia Quílez Esteve and José Carlos Rueda Laffond (eds) (2017) Granada: Editorial Comares, 256 pp., ISBN: 9788490454947, p/bk, 21€

Retrotopía, Zygmunt Bauman (2017) Barcelona: Paidós, 172 pp., ISBN: 9788449333224, p/bk 15.95€

Masculinidades Disidentes, Rafael M. Mérida Jiménez (ed.) (2016) Barcelona: Editorial Icaria, 256 pp., ISBN: 9788498887327, p/bk, 20€

Productos Transmediáticos e Imaginario Cultural: Arqueología Transmedia, Patricia Trapero Llobera and María Isabel Escalas Ruíz (eds) (2017) Palma: Ediciones UIB, 216 pp., ISBN: 978-84-8384-349-9, p/bk, 19€
Colombian portrayals of the Iraq war: The views of the national newspaper El Tiempo
Authors: Barrios Marta Milena , Uribe-Jongbloed Enrique , Vega-Estarita Lina
Published: May 2018

This study analysed coverage of the Iraq War during 2003–04 in the only Colombian national newspaper during the time, El Tiempo, to establish how the attributes of this conflict, as represented through this medium, were perceived by its audience. We conducted a thematic analysis of 500 news items and 71 letters to the editor (LTE) to establish the polarity of these texts. Findings showed that the negative tone of the coverage seemed related to a strong negative reaction from the public. This supports the first level of influence from agenda-setting theory, since the Iraq War was an important issue for journalists and the public alike. There is also evidence of a second level of influence with regards to the issues reported being considered negative. LTE were gauged in terms of how they criticized coverage of the war, with the particular finding that journalistic professionalism was questioned following bias accusations about the qualifications of the parties at war. Overall, the wider perspective on public concerns offered by this study could help guide journalistic coverage of the Colombian post-conflict phase.
Journalism in the age of hybridization: Los vagabundos de la chatarra – comics journalism, data, maps and advocacy
Authors: Gutiérrez Miren , Rodríguez María Pilar , de Guereñu Juan Manuel Díaz
Published: May 2018

The process of hybridization has pervaded all fields of human communication; journalism and activism are no exceptions. An example is the graphic project Los vagabundos de la chatarra, an editorial undertaking that comprises observations, drawings, data, a map, a video and accounts of the people who gathered and sold scrap metal for a living on the edges of Barcelona during the economic crisis that started in 2007. This exploration is conducted and communicated in an extremely hybrid manner: it visualizes data on a map, it strives for social change, it is journalistic and it has a comic design face. Relying on media literature and critical data studies, discourse analysis and qualitative interviewing, this article examines the multifaceted shapes that activism and journalism are taking in complex times and explores the potential for subversion that such formats offer. The findings suggest that activists and journalists around the world are embarking on unapologetic hybridization, crossing lines between journalism, campaigning and art.
Breaking stereotypes online: Young activists’ use of the Internet for social well-being
Authors: Herrero-Diz Paula , Ramos-Serrano Marina
Published: May 2018

Internet Technologies for Empowerment and Participation (TEP) have fostered spontaneous bottom-up movements that have allowed young minorities to advocate for initiatives for improving their communities. The most recent theories confirm the emergence of an empowered citizenry thanks to the technology they are using for the common good. Within these positive visions for Internet activism, there is a position that stands out that affirms that there is a gender difference in the use of these technologies; compared to men, ‘young women use the Internet in a way that contributes to social well-being’. A paradigmatic example of this use is the young blogger Malala Yousafzai, who was awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize. Using the case study method, this article explores six paradigmatic examples that illustrate the new ways women are empowering themselves through the Internet.
Washington, Brussels, and Beijing Consensus
Authors: Kotosz Balázs
Published: May 2018

In the new world financial, economic and nowadays debt crisis, the role of international organizations is in focus again. The financial crisis opens the way for IMF credits and for thinking in the European Union. After the second millenary, a scientific dispute started about the credibility of the Washington Consensus in many parts of the world. A new school emerged around Bruno S. Sergi, Roberto Tamborini, and William T. Bagatelas, who has been speaking about a transition from Washington consensus towards Brussels consensus in the case of Eastern European countries. Sergi carefully and precisely calls for specific and active state directed policy that puts economic transition in Europe in a new dimension. By Bagatelas, specifically, under the EU dimension, development under the new "Brussels Consensus” consists of activist state policies based upon assumptions given the world by Keynes, Schumpeter and supply side beliefs. Empirical studies also proved this structural break in macroeconomic policy. Now, the debate on appropriate economic policy is very active again. As in times of recession, Keynes and Keynesian economics has become popular, but the role of the state (and the international organizations) is sorely ambiguous. Our paper is to compare the Washington and the Brussels consensus from a heterodox point of view, and to find the differences of the two conceptions. Finally, we sketch the controversial concept of Beijing Consensus.
Disinfection action of some essential oils on stainless steel
Authors: Vidács Anita , Krisch Judit , Vágvölgyi Csaba
Published: May 2018

Bacteria can attach to different surfaces and form biofilm. Biofilms can cause a big problem in food industry by contamination of food items and reduction of the effectiveness of machines. In the biofilm bacteria are less exposed to the different disinfectants, than the free living cells. Essential oils (EO) with known antimicrobial effect can also inhibit biofilm formation. In our experiments minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericide concentrations (MBC) of the investigated EOs: cinnamon, juniper and lemon were determined by macro-dilution method on Pseudomonas putida and E.coli. Cinnamon showed the best antibacterial effect with MBC values of 2 mg/ml for E. coli and 4mg/ml forP.putida. Thebactericidaleffect of EOsdependedontheactingtime. We established 80 minutes for P. putida and 120 (cinnamon EO) and 240 (juniper EO) min forE. coli. The disinfection potential of the EOs were studied on P. putida and E. coli 1 and 7 days old biofilms formed on industrial stainless steel surfaces. Each of the EO was effective. The number of P. putida cells was reduced up to 99% and we had similar result by 1 day old E. coli biofilm. The cell number of 7 days old E. coli biofilm was reduced by 62.5% with cinnamon EO and juniper EO reduced it by 87%.
Environmental friendly method in the sugar-beet production for the colourants removal
Authors: Šereš Zita , Vatai Gyula , Dokić Ljubica , Šoronja-Simović Dragana , Ho Cecília , Ikonić Bojana , Nikolić Ivana , Pajin Biljana
Published: May 2018

Despite the fact that the sugar industry is one of the causes of the environmental pollution, not enough has been done on its improvement. According to CEFS, specific energy consumption was 31.49 kWh/100 kg sugar beet. While the overall water used is about 15 m3/t sugar beet processed, the consumption of fresh water is 0.25 – 0.4 m3/t sugar beet processed, or even less in modern sugar factories. The separation operation deserves special attention because of its significant consumption of water end energy. Ultrafiltration could be one of the solutions for energy saving and more effective separation of coloured compounds (which during the crystallisation build into the sucrose crystals) from intermediate products from which sucrose directly crystallises. The aim of this experimental work is to determine the influence of operating parameters on the efficiency on coloured matter removal in high concentrated syrup. In this work syrup solution, which is an intermediate product in the phase of sucrose crystallisation, with 60% dry matter content, is the main feed. Experimental investigations were performed on 20 nm ceramic tubular membrane. Effects of colour removal on syrup solution are investigated at 60 and 80 ºC, in the range of transmembrane pressure between 4 and 10 bars. Optimal values of flow rates are chosen between 100 and 400 L/h. For defining the effects of the membrane separation process, permeate flux are determined.Â According to mentioned conditions colour is by 35 - 40 % in average, and turbidity is by 80% in average lower according to the feed. The permeate flux could be reached is 45 L/m2h at flow rate 400 L/h and atÂ 80 ºC.
Analysis of the different filtration parameters of whey by tubular and vibratory filtration systems
Authors: Szélpál Szilárd , Kohány Zsuzsanna , Fogarassy Eszter , Csanádi József , Vatai Gyula , Hodúr Cecília
Published: May 2018

The largest quantities of by-product of the dairy, namely whey comes from the cheese making. The whey proteins are used by the agriculture in animal nutrition, and by the human nutrition as well; dry soups, infant formulas and supplements. The aim of our experiments was the separation of the lipid fraction of whey. During the measurements 0.05 μm, 0.2 μm and 0.45 μm microfiltration membranes were used in vibrating membrane filtration equipment (VSEP) and in a laboratory tubular membrane module. During the microfiltration, analytical characteristics, the fouling and the retention values were examined. Using the VSEP and the tubular module made possible to compare the effect of vibration, the static mixer and/ the airflow on the separation parameters.
Thermo-Acid pretreatment of starch based kitchen waste for ethanol production
Authors: M. Vučurović Vesna , N. Razmovski Radojka , D. Miljić Uroš , S. Puškaš Vladimir , M. Ačanski Marijana , A. Pastor Kristian
Published: May 2018

Recently, research on the alcoholic fermentation of kitchen waste has been accelerating for both ecological and economical reasons, primarily for ethanol use as renewable biofuel. Present work deals with the fermentative production of ethanol from different starch based kitchen waste. Kitchen waste from local students restaurant was separated by basic component as: peas, green beans, beans, rice, potato, wheat bread and corn. Thermo-acidic pretreatment of these raw materials was conducted by the addition of HCl up to pH of 1, and by autoclaving at 120 oC for 30 min. From the experimental result, maximum ethanol yield was obtained from wheat bread (0.11 g/g). The highest ethanol yield per starch of 0.36 g/g, which equals to 64% of the theoretical value, was obtained for peas. From the overall analysis, the examined thermo-acid pretreatment was the most efficient for hydrolysis of wheat bread, while it was least efficient for green beans. In order to enhance the efficiency of conversion of starch from kitchen waste into ethanol, pH lower than 1 is highly recommended. The results demonstrated the potential of different food waste as a promising biomass resource for the production of ethanol.
Motivations, attitudes, customer habits
Authors: Lendvai Edina , Nagy Adrienn
Published: May 2018

Soltvadkert is a little city between the Danube and Tisza rivers. In 1700s years was the first initiative to plant grape and now, Soltvadkert is can be proud of the award “The City of the Grape and Wine”. In our research, we used making of structured interview from primer methods. Five wine-makers were asked to know their opinion about the actual situation. We made a quantitative survey also, 100 inhabitants and 100 tourists have filled our questionnaire. The consumption habits linked to the wine, the knowledge about the winemakers of Soltvadkert, the wine-purchasing habit. The result of this survey is the SWOT analysis, which we made and show in this article The main weaknesses of the sector are: the wine forgery scandal, and the not too good level of the vine-consumption.
Computer Aided Geomemtric Modelling of Cylindrical Worm Gear Drive Having Arched Profile
Authors: Bodzás Sándor
Published: May 2018

The objective of this publication is creation of computer geometric models (CAD) of developed in Diósgyőri Machine Factory and using exact production geometry first produced (grinded) cylindrical worm gear drive having arched profile by Illés Dudás for connection analysis, Finite Element Method analysis, etc. Since the worm and worm gear wrap each other, that is why the worm gear has to be produced by a tool geometry of which is similar to the worm geometry. Knowing of the Connection I. Statement tooth surface of driven element which is wrapped by driver element is defined by numerical calculations. The CAD model of the worm gear could be designed by adaptation of interpolating B – spline surface to the tooth surface points of worm gear.
Educational application used to simulate the functionality of a Gasoline Injection System
Authors: Raţiu Sorin , Alexa Vasile , Kiss Imre
Published: May 2018

This paper presents an educational application, with practical realization, regarding the functionality simulation of a gasoline injection system using a computer and a peripheral afferent, along with its control circuit. The application replaces the ECU (Engine Control Unit) and controls a demo injection rail, equipped with four gasoline injectors with different shapes of flow. The equipment provides the flow shape visualisation and injection parameters change according to the engine load conditions, which can be simulated by the electronic equipment through the virtual interface. The system allows the determination of the gasoline amount injected by the various types of fuel injectors, in a certain period of time and at different pressures of the fuel, depending on the load and the speed of the engine.
Food Safety in the Public Awareness
Authors: Papp András , Krisch Judit
Published: May 2018

National and international surveys show that people still do not have appropriate knowledge of and attitude to food safety. Therefore more and more countries organize educational courses to improve skills and knowledge regarding food safety. In Hungary the National Curriculum 2012 contains the program for food safety education. The aim of our survey was investigation about knowledge and attitude of primary and secondary school students towards food safety. The questions, according to international surveys, fell into 5 categories: personal hygiene, keeping food at safe temperatures, adequate cooking, avoidance of cross-contamination, and safe source of foods. Statistical evaluation was done using SPSS 20 software. Significant differences were evaluated by logistic regression, Chi square test, and crossing table analysis. Results showed that there was no significant difference among primary school students regarding gender or residence (village or town) in knowledge of food safety. Their attitudes showed more significant divergence. Logistic regression investigation has showed that there was a good correlation between knowledge and attitude of personal and kitchen hygiene. In conclusion, our students have presented more or less the same results as the others from international questionnaires. Even though, we need to improve knowledge and skill in food safety.
The Effect of Seed Treatments on the Germination of Different Fabaceae Species of a Natural Meadow-Like Association
Authors: Szalai Zita , Ferschl Barbara
Published: May 2018

The goal of our experiment is to compose a species-rich seed mixture suitable for soil covering in orchard floor management in organic fruit production systems. Besides selection of traditionally used grass and Fabaceae species we are focusing on the involvement of local fora elements, of the experiment site, approaching a natural meadow-like association. Species of the following plant families are involved: Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Linaceae, Polygonaceae, Dipsacaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae. Seeds of selected species were tested to determine germination % before seeding, according to MSZ 6354-3:2008 standard in climate cabinet. Seed treatments (vernalisation, scarification) were carried out according to relevant standard. There were differences in the germination% of commercial and wild collected seed items of Agrimonia eupatoria L, Ajuga genevensis L, Lotus corniculatus L, and Achillea millefolium L. The applied seed treatments resulted significant difference between the treated and non-treated seed items most of the tested species related their germination%. For example in case of Anthyllis vulneraria L it was effective. Scarification was effective for commercial hard seed species like Lotus corniculatus L in our case, but it was not effective for Agrimonia eupatoria L. The aim of the treatments was to select those species which can be seed in the same time, will be easier applied to soil and climatic condition of the experiment site and to determine effect of pre-treatments on germination % of seeds of tested species.
Using of Bioethanol Fuels in IC Engine
Authors: Farkas Ferenc , Molnár Tamás
Published: May 2018

Renewables - excluding large hydro accounted for 48% - increased to 15.2% of world cumulative generation capacity in 2014, from 13.8% in 2013. In the EU, the European Parliament approved a reform of the 2020 biofuels target. The new version of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) distributes the 10% cal. biofuels target into a share for crop-based biofuel (limited at 7% cal.) with the rest to be met with another biofuels and renewable electricity containing multiple counting possibilities. Merely 2% of the EU’s fuel consumption can be covered by its own researches, which looks good pretend a strong dependence on the oil exporting countries. The implementations of biogenic fuels produced from fast growing plant is continuously gaining in importance with regard to economic and environmental effects. Generally they are not offered in their pure form but just as blend components to conventional fuels. Their mixtures can bring about fundamental feature improvements. Ethanol fuel output in 2015 reached a peak high helped by rising gasoline demand in the US. Besides, the changes in the fuel taxation in Brazil and an increase in the minimum blending ratio also pushed along the ethanol fuel demand. The weaker euro and low grain prices on the back of a record wheat crop turned into a considerable growth in output in the EU. Disregard the stimulating developments on the legislative side, it must also be confessed that the decreasing crude oil prices took their customs on the 2015 biofuel markets. For ethanol fuel, more growth could theoretically arrive from an extending of E-10 in EU member states. Unnecessary to discuss that an outlook for a post-2020 biofuels target at the EU level does not valid.
Examination on the State of Health Regarding a Protected Sessile Oak Stock
Authors: Trenyik Petra , Szirmai Orsolya , Barczi Attila , Skutai Julianna , Czóbel Szilárd
Published: May 2018

It can be observed in more and more fields of science that the results of other disciplines are utilised in order to achieve new results; it is true for nature conservation as well. Global climate change is to be considered as one of the most thoroughly studied topic; scientists pay special attention to the responses given by species and communities to climate change. In case of field examinations the accuracy of samplings and measurements is of key importance. Often solely estimated data is available which deteriorates the accuracy of the assessment. The health status of forests is usually determined by visual observations that imply errors due to human subjectivity. In this examination we surveyed the health status of a protected sessile oak stock within the Botanical Garden of Szent István University in Gödöllő by using not only conventional methods but also instrumental measurements. We have used FAKOPP 3D Acoustic Tomograph. It is an instrument developed in Hungary that is able to determine – in percentage – the extent of deterioration in tree trunks. The method of measurement is the following: this instrument measures the speed of sound propagation in the tree matter, since rotten and healthy tissues conduct sound differently. Prior to the examination we surmised that a predominantly healthy stock would be examined. Nevertheless, instrumental measurements proved that the trees of this stock are considerably decayed; therefore constant instrumental monitoring is required. We found that the extent of decomposition was the most significant in the lowest measurement level (i.e. 40 cm – Layer 1) and it steadily decreased in the higher regions.
An Analysis of Fifty-Year-Surveillance of Food Related Diseases in Turkey
Authors: Akdemir Evrendilek Gulsun , Yilmaz E.
Published: May 2018

Occurrence rate and magnitude of food-related diseases (FRD) are of global concern causing socio-economic issues, and thus, they must be continuously monitored. The objectives of the study were to determine occurrence rate and trends of FRD in Turkey from 1960 to 2010 in parallel to increased rate of population growth. Recorded incidents of foodborne illnesses/diseases were obtained as annual reports and expressed as disease/population rate in order to determine trends of each disease. Long-term evaluations of bacillary dysentery (BD), brucellosis, gastrointestinal diarrhea (GD), meningitis infections, meningitis and central nervous system infections (MCNSI), other bacterial infections, other infections and parasite-caused diseases (OIPCD), other virus-caused infections, paratyphoid, and typhoid showed different trends in terms of occurrence rate but an overall decrease in the occurrence rates of BD, GD, OIPCD, and typhoid.
Antimicrobial Effects of the Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica L.).
Authors: Kőszegi Kornélia , Bekassy-Molnar Erika , Kocsis Joseph Michael , Vatai Gyula
Published: May 2018

Nowadays increasing attention is being paid to herbs, one of the reasons is to avoid the undesirable side effects of synthetic drugs. This is the reason why the analysis of the antimicrobial activities of medicinal plants are increasingly in the focus of scientific experiments as well. One of the best-known medicinal plants is nettle. Among the nettle species in Hungary, Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) can be found in the country and is most commonly utilised for medical purposes, with a focus on its leaves and roots. Nettle tea consumption is widespread in folk medicine for treating diabetes, allergies, abdominal pain, benign prostatic hyperplasia, rheumatoid arthritis and treatment of infections.

This study gives a widespread summary of the reseach results about the antimicrobal impact of Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in the scientific literature. The papers documented a positive effect of nettle for more than 30 Gram positive and Gram negative bacterias, yeasts and fungis.
SIMULATION OF WATER EVAPORATION ON ULTIMONITORED THERMOMIX®: POTENTIAL APPROACH FOR STUDIES ON MILK EVAPORATION
Authors: Stephani Rodrigo , Francisquini Júlia D’Almeida , Paula Igor Lima de , De Carvalho Antônio Fernandes , Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa de , Perrone Ítalo Tuler
Published: May 2018

It was simulated the industrial evaporation process using a multi-monitored Thermomix®. To validate the hypothesis that this equipment could act as a laboratory- scale evaporator, we evaporated water from milk to produce dulce de leche. Using this equipment, we were able to precisely determine mass changes throughout the process, observe the effect of the exhaust system on the evaporation, obtain dulce de leche with market composition, and determine the effect of sugar addition on water evaporation. The error between the observed boiling point temperature and that predicted by theory was ~ 2%; as a consequence, the equipment could be used to establish Dühring curves. It was found that the Thermomix® multi-monitored configuration was a simple and inexpensive equipment for simulate evaporation in industrial dulce de leche production.
The Effects of Physical Activity on Sleep among Adolescents and Adults: A Narrative Review
Authors: Desjardins Sophie , Tanguay-Labonté Manuel
Published: May 2018

Objective:
Examining the correlation between physical activity measures and sleep in normal adolescents and adult population.

Methods:
A systematic review was conducted on the effects of exercise, its intensity, its frequency and its timing and sleep outcome. Using the databases including MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus, keywords used were “sleep”, “circadian rhythm”, “exercise”, and “physical activity”.

Results:
To improve the general quality of sleep amongst adolescents and adults, individuals should engage in physical activity at any time of day. It also appears very advantageous to engage in long-term physical activity to maintain the positive effects on sleep. Nonetheless, it seems that sedentary individuals can also benefit from occasional physical activity to improve the quality of their subsequent sleep period.

Conclusion:
A virtuous relationship between physical activity and sleep may exist in normal adolescents and adults. People should seek to benefit from this link to improve both the quality of their sleep and of their daily functioning. However, larger scale studies, controlling for variables might help to better delineated this relationship.
Projections of Passing
Authors: Kelley N. Megan
Published: May 2018

A key concern in postwar America was “who's passing for whom?” Analyzing representations of passing in Hollywood films reveals changing cultural ideas about authenticity and identity in a country reeling from a hot war and moving towards a cold one. After World War II, passing became an important theme in Hollywood movies, one that lasted throughout the long 1950s, as it became a metaphor to express postwar anxiety. In the imaginative fears of postwar America, identity was under siege on all fronts. Not only were there blacks passing as whites, but women were passing as men, gays passing as straight, communists passing as good Americans, Jews passing as gentiles, and even aliens passing as humans (and vice versa). Fears about communist infiltration, invasion by aliens, collapsing gender and sexual categories, racial ambiguity, and miscegenation made their way into films that featured narratives about passing. This book shows that these films transcend genre. Representations of passing enabled Americans to express anxieties about who they were and who they imagined their neighbors to be. By showing how pervasive the anxiety about passing was, and how it extended to virtually every facet of identity. This book broadens the literature on passing in a fundamental way. It also opens up important counter-narratives about postwar America and how the language of identity developed in this critical period of American history.
They Walk among Us
Authors: Kelley N. Megan
Published: May 2018

This chapter focuses on science fiction films that featured aliens passing as humans and examines how they tapped into the fears and anxieties about politics and issues of identity in postwar America. In films such as Invaders from Mars, Invasion of the Body-Snatchers, I Married a Monster from Outer Space, and The Day the Earth Stood Still, friendly neighbors might be alien invaders pretending to be humans. These Hollywood films were of two main categories: those concerned with the external threat of alien invasions, and those that deal with the internal threat of aliens who infiltrated the earth and passed for human. The chapter suggests that aliens passing for human brought to the fore the connections between anxiety about racial passing, Communism, and subversive gender or sexual identities.
Ralph Ellison’s Three Days before the Shooting … and the Implicit Morality of Form
Authors: Shreve Grant
Published: May 2018

In “Ralph Ellison’s Three Days Before the Shooting . . . and the Implicit Morality of Form,” Grant Shreve reveals an underlying tension between sacrificial violence and literary form that became the central problem of the novel. He highlights the relations between the Civil Rights movement and Ellison’s aesthetic and ethical aims. Shreve examines Three Days as a classical tragedy but one where the final catharsis and resolution is denied. Bliss is the tragic scapegoat figure, but Ellison is unable to kill him off and achieve catharsis. Yet, in the computer drafts that occupied Ellison over the last 20 years of his life, we see a reorientation to the form of the novel. Shreve argues that for Ellison catharsis can be achieved only through integrative, not divisive, methods. This catharsis arises out of Hickman’s religious adherence to a tragicomic, democratic sensibility and immersion in dialogue, rather than the aesthetics of revenge.
“In a Strange Country”
Authors: Morel Lucas E.
Published: May 2018

Lucas Morel’s “‘In a Strange Country’: The Challenge of American Inclusion” interprets Ellison’s 1944 short story as a civics lesson for a republic struggling with the legacy of race. The story follows a black Merchant Marine, Mr. Parker, during World War II as he recovers from a mugging by white American servicemen while on shore leave in Wales. Ellison presents a lesson of civic inclusion by showcasing a “black Yank” being rescued by Welshmen. Parker witnesses how his Welsh hosts transcend class conflict through a common devotion to music, which he likened to the racially mixed “jam sessions” back in America. Herein Ellison articulates the obstacles and pathways to black American citizenship—a reminder that “the land of the free” requires one not only to be “brave” in the face of majority tyranny, but also good-humored, self-disciplined, and hopeful as one seeks full participation in the American regime.
Mourning and Melancholy
Authors: Posnock Ross
Published: May 2018

Ross Posnock’s “Mourning and Melancholy: Explaining the Ellison Animus” investigates the “animus” or sense of resentment and criticism that has dogged Ellison from Invisible Man’s first appearance through the last decade. He argues that the animus has become a generational sense of grievance, mixed with melancholy, reflecting a disappointed, idealized sense of Ellison. Arnold Rampersad’s recent biography is dominated by a simultaneous idealization and frustration that is Oedipal in nature. This sense of promise unfulfilled also dominates Barbara Foley’s assessment, particularly in her heroization of the figure of LeRoy, the proletarian revolutionary manqué who appeared in early drafts of Invisible Man. Like Obama, Ellison becomes the locus of idealism mixed with hostility. Posnock argues for a realization of their flawed humanity and refusal of easy affirmation and ideal reflection. Both men insist upon a similar self-reliance of thought on the part of their audience, which rejects political creed and racial essentialism.
“That Pause for Contemplation”
Authors: Callahan John
Published: May 2018

In “’That Pause for Contemplation’: A Centennial Meditation on Ralph Ellison,” John Callahan—Ellison’s literary executor and the dean of Ellison studies—looks back upon Ellison’s life and work, asking what Ellison’s accomplishment looks like 100 years after his birth, and a new century proceeds in his wake. Beginning with the “thought experiment” of a young Barack Obama jogging past Ralph Ellison in New York in the 1980s, Callahan meditates on Ellison’s investigation of the relationship between the individual search for identity and America’s pursuit of democratic equality. Drawing upon Ellison’s wealth of posthumously published material—the short stories, essays, interviews, and his unfinished second novel—Callahan emphasizes Ellison’s relentless pursuit of the novel form as his means of interrogating the fluid, improvisational, evolving form of American identity. Callahan probes the omnipresent father figures that dominate Ellison’s work after Invisible Man—Lewis Ellison, Abraham Lincoln, Alonzo Hickman, and others.
Carnival Is Woman: Party Music and the Soca Diva
Authors: Munro Hope
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the agency of women in soca and related genres, including various controversies they confront in this performance context. As women have created a space for themselves in Carnival mas and at the Carnival fetes, a number of “soca divas” have emerged to give voice to female revelers. This and other historical trends in soca underscore the rapidly changing nature of the popular music scene in Trinidad. The chapter considers the shifting attitudes and norms regarding gender roles, giving rise to gender diversity in various performance contexts, how these changes have played out in soca music, and how musical change and innovation continue to expand the possibilities within expressive culture in Trinidad and Tobago. It discusses the ways in which soca and its offshoots have created platforms for expression by women performers, including the two top female soca artists in Trinidad: Destra Garcia and Fay-Ann Lyons.
A Novel Beginning: Campbell’s Emergence as a Fiction Writer with Your Blues Ain’t Like Mine
Authors: Harwell Osizwe Raena Jamila
Published: May 2018

Chapter three deepens Campbell’s story by considering the emergence of her first novel Your Blues Ain’t Like Mine. The content of Your Blues is connected to racial consciousness and concern for racial violence that Campbell develops as a college student during the Black Liberation period. The recurrent themes in Your Blues reveal a direct relationship to Campbell’s activism at the University of Pittsburgh. Finally, the chapter also highlights the emergence of Campbell’s signature style of integrating specific historical, social, and political themes into all her fictional writing.
Epilogue
Authors: Harwell Osizwe Raena Jamila
Published: May 2018

This chapter culminates the book by revisiting emergent gendered themes from Campbell’s literary and activist work. A close look at her writing and life’s work evidences the continuation of black folk traditions, including themes of spirituality, mother/daughter relationships, and women’s relationships with one another. Additionally, she utilized preventative marital counseling, various support groups, spiritual practice, exercise, healthy eating, and other forms of self-care to sustain her activism over time. The black feminist/womanist strivings across various spheres of her life reveal her consistent “woman-identified” agenda. Campbell’s investment in the mutual support, spirituality, and wellness for black women are undertones of her writing and activism that should not be overlooked. Finally, by reviewing relationships between the two periods of activism and trends or shifts therein, we can see the impact of her early activism and consciousness on her later activism, writing and advocacy. The development or evolution of Bebe Moore Campbell’s approach to activism and the strategies she employed as a younger woman versus as an older woman offers insight on black women’s contemporary activism and sustaining activist involvement over a lifespan.
Northlanders (2007)
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

The final of the comic book chapters is a study of the 21st-century series Northlanders. What makes this comic book so interesting for the purposes of this study is not its medievalism, but rather its lack thereof. The characters in Northlanders think, behave and speak like film-noir gangsters, as the blood feuds and conquests of the northern Dark Ages mutate into barrio-style turf wars and gangland vendettas. The writer of the series made no attempt to portray the ontology of his Norse subjects or to represent historically the multifaceted culture from which they sprang—his goal was to produce a crime series based on seminal Yakuza films from the 1970s.
Wertham’s Little Goblins
Authors: Cremins Brian
Published: May 2018

After Fawcett’s legal settlement with National in 1953, the original Captain Marvel did not return to comic books until 1973. In the meantime, comic book fans and amateur historians began writing about the character in the 1960s. This chapter traces Captain Marvel’s afterlife in these fanzines, publications that helped to establish the foundation for comics studies in the United States. The chapter also includes an overview of recent developments in the field of memory and nostalgia studies. These recent studies of the history of nostalgia in medicine, psychology, and the arts are essential for an understanding of how childhood memories have shaped comics studies as a discipline.
Epilogue
Authors: Cremins Brian
Published: May 2018

The epilogue returns to Captain Marvel’s first appearance and studies the debt it owes to James Hilton’s novel Lost Horizon. This section also examines the hero’s impact on science fiction writer Harlan Ellison, whose story “Paladin of the Lost Hour” offers a variation on both Lost Horizon and Billy Batson’s origin story.
Survival of Lactobacillus plantarumU40 on the in vitro rumen fermentation quantified with real-time PCR
Authors: Astuti W.D. , Widyastuti Y. , Wina E. , Suharti S. , Ridwan R. , Wiryawan K.G.
Published: May 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the survival of L. plantarumU40 quantified with real-time PCR during in vitro rumen fermentation. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were control, rumen fermentation inoculated with L. plantarumU40and L. plantarumU40 + glucose solution. Population of L. plantarum U40 was higher at inoculation treatment. After 8 hours incubation, glucose addition tended to decrease L. plantarum U40 population. Control treatment showed lowest population of L. plantarum U40 along in vitro fermentation compared with other treatment. Inoculation of L. plantarumU40 significantly (p<0.05) increased population of LAB until 12 hours incubation compared with control. Control treatment had highest pH at all incubation time. Glucose addition significantly (P<0.05) decreased final rumen pH (24 hours) (6.30), compared with control treatment (6.85). Inoculation of L. plantarum U40 with glucose addition significantly (P<0.05)increased propionic acid, decreased acetic acid and A/P ratio compared with other treatments. Lactobacillus plantarum U40 without glucose addition did not affect propionic acid production significantly. As conclusion, Lactobacillus plantarum U40 can survive in rumen fluid and changes rumen fermentation when glucose is added as carbon source.
The effectiveness of manual and powered toothbrushes
Authors: Berezowski Michał , Szalewski Leszek , Włoch Krzysztof , Szymańska Jolanta
Published: May 2018

Proper oral hygiene is a basis for preventing dental caries and periodontal diseases. The most popular method of mechanical plaque removal is brushing teeth using manual and powered toothbrushes. The review of literature shows that removal of dental calculus using the powered toothbrushes is more effective, what is supported by greater reduction of plaque and symptoms characteristic for soft tissue inflammation. It needs to be underlined that the effectiveness of tooth brushing, regardless of the kind of toothbrush, to a great extent depends on the frequency and technique of brushing, on the time devoted to this hygienic procedure, and on the type of toothbrush bristles.
Traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine products: a possible cause for concern – the Polish perspective
Authors: Czepielewska Edyta , Szpakiewicz Magdalena , Kozłowska-Wojciechowska Małgorzata
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The demand for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda have been increasing and there is great potential for complementary medicine development nowadays. However, there are some safety concerns in relation to these products and they hardly ever meet the European Union (EU) requirements for medicines. Moreover, there is no EU-wide legislation governing the regulation of complementary medicine practitioners.

Aim. This study aimed to evaluate health risks of the Polish, as part of the European, society associated with the use of TCM and Ayurvedic products.

Material and methods. The number of web pages related to TCM and Ayurveda was assessed using popular Internet search engine Google. A questionnaire consisting of 8 close-ended questions was sent to the Polish pharmaceutical and sanitary structures. Chief Sanitary Inspectorate (CSI) in Poland, as well as EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) databases, were analysed.

Results. There are thousands of web pages offering TCM and Ayurvedic medicines on the Internet. However, only a few such products are registered for the Polish market, thus only a few are supervised. Between 2007 (Jan) and 2018 (Feb) only 0.8% and 0.4% of all food supplement notifications in Poland were related to products from China and India, respectively. Not supervised illegal TCM and Ayurvedic medicines are in 90% adulterated with undeclared substances.

Conclusions. TCM and Ayurvedic product irregularities may pose serious health risks to Polish consumers.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha as Differential Diagnostic Marker for Patients with Fever of Unknown Origin
Authors: Popovska-Jovicic Biljana , Rakovic Ivana , Petrovic Sara , Canovic Petar , Petrovic Dejan , Sekulic Sofija , Jovanovic Ivan , Jovicic Nemanja
Published: May 2018

Febrile conditions of unidentified origin are still unknown in modern medicine despite the development of diagnostic procedures. There are various agents of long-term temperature encompassing numerous infectious or non-infectious diseases.

The aim of this study was to determine if there was a statistically significant difference in the values of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNFα, IL-6) in patients who meet the criteria for febrile conditions of unidentified origin, between the group of infectious, malignant, rheumatic, “other” diseases and undiagnosed patients.

The study was conducted in the Immunology laboratory of the Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cells Research of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac. Blood samples were taken from patients tested at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases, of the Clinical Center of Kragujevac, in the period from 2014 to 2016. The study included 70 patients.

The measured values of the level of TNFα showed significantly higher values in a group of malignant diseases than in the group of infectious diseases, while the values of IL-1 and IL-6 did not show statistical significance.

TNFα can improve diagnosing in case of patients with an unknown febrile condition, which can shorten the length of the hospital stay and reduce the volume of performance of diagnostic procedures.
Juan de Alba Poesía y prosa / Poésie et prose ed. bilingüe, edición a cargo de Françoise Castaings, pról. Ignacio Betancourt, El Colegio de San Luis, San Luis Potosí, 2007
Authors: Pascual Gay Juan
Published: May 2018

Juan de Alba Poesía y prosa / Poésie et prose ed. bilingüe, edición a cargo de Françoise Castaings, pról. Ignacio Betancourt, El Colegio de San Luis, San Luis Potosí, 2007
Sobre la aplicabilidad de teorías “poscoloniales” a las culturas centroeuropea y latinoamericana
Authors: Roessner Michael
Published: May 2018

En la última década del siglo XX, las teorías poscoloniales se han puesto de moda. Como la –hasta ahora– última novedad en el campo “post” de la posmodernidad se han desarrollado de un campo relativamente estrecho de intereses (se hablaba en un primer momento exclusivamente de la situación particular de las ex colonias británicas en África y Asia) hacia una teoría que después de liberarse del logocentrismo y del falogocentrismo (con los posestructuralistas y los gender studies) llegaría a liberarse del “euro-falogocentrismo” para abrirse a una visión policéntrica (o a una que por lo menos toma en cuenta la relación centro-periferia en sus reﬂexiones) de la cultura. En el campo de la literatura, se trata por supuesto en primer lugar de relaciones de comunicación –y con esto también de poder. Me permitiré sintetizar en pocas palabras lo que me parece importante de esta escuela para desarrollar después los pros y contras de la aplicación de algunos conceptos a la cultura latinoamericana y, basado en esta experiencia, a posibilidades de transferencia de tal perspectiva a la cultura centroeuropea.
Reseña de "Nosotros". La juventud del Ateneo de México
Authors: Ramírez González Martha Isabel
Published: May 2018

Reseña de "Nosotros". La juventud del Ateneo de México.
Relationships Between Body Mass Index and Static and Dynamic Balance in Active and Inactive Older Adults
Authors: Cancela Carral José M. , Ayán Carlos , Sturzinger Lea , Gonzalez Gema
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:

Although the association between higher body mass index and poorer balance has been observed in older adults, the role of physical activity in this relationship is not well established. This study aimed to provide scientific evidence about the relationship between body mass index and balance, taking into account the amount of physical activity performed as a confounding variable.

Methods:

We collated cross-sectional data from 160 community-dwelling older adults whom we divided into 3 body mass index categories: normal weight (≥18.50-24.99 kg/m2), overweight (25.00-29.99 kg/m2), and obese (≥30.00-34.99 kg/m2). We classified the participants as inactive or active by means of the Yale Physical Activity Questionnaire. We carried out static and dynamic balance measurements by means of a force platform and through the performance of the Timed Up and Go test, respectively.

Results:

We found statistically significant correlations between static balance, dynamic balance, and body mass index in inactive normal (r = 0.280; P = .035; r = 0.300; P = .031) and inactive overweight (r = 0.395; P = .025; r = 0.339; P = .023) people. We observed moderately strong and fair significant correlations between static/dynamic balance and BMI in inactive (r = .603; P = .028; and r = 0.720; P = .020) and active (r = 0.406; P = .037; and r = 0.378; P = .037) obese people, respectively.

Conclusion:

We conclude that the amount of physical activity performed is a potential contributing factor affecting the association between body mass index and balance in older persons. These findings could be of importance when identifying the main factors that influence postural control among older adults with obesity.