bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Different Solid Content Carbon Nanotubes and Silver Quantum Dots on Potential Toxicity to Plants through Direct Effects on Carbon and Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
Authors: Subalya Maryam , Voleti Rajeeva , Wait D. Alexander
Published: March 2022

We examined the effects of two types of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and one type of silver quantum dot (Ag-QD) on potential plant toxicity through effects on plant gas exchange across four different experiments. First, Arabidopsis thaliana seeds were directly grown in growth medium containing 75% solid content CNTs at concentrations of 24.93µg/ml and 53.55 µg/ml in petri dishes. Second, A. thaliana seeds were directly grown in growth medium containing 95% solid content CNTs at concentrations of 4μg/ml; or third, 18 nm Ag-QDs at a concentration of 4μg/ ml. Fourth, we grew A. thaliana in soil for 6 weeks and added the 95% solid content CNT suspension at increasing concentrations of 10, 30, 90, 150, 190, 250 μg/ ml each week. The 75% solid content CNT, and the CNTRENE® C100LM material production waste produced for disposal, had no negative effects on growth or gas exchange. We found that gas exchange in petri dish grown A. thaliana was greatly negatively affected by the Ag-QD, and relatively marginally negatively affected by the 95% solid content CNT. There were significant reductions in photosynthesis rates and related light and carbon fixation reactions in both the Ag-QD and 95% solid content CNT A. thaliana grown in petri dishes. We found that gas exchange in soil grown A. thaliana was unaffected by 95% solid content CNTs, even at very high concentrations. These findings have implications for understanding toxicity of engineered nanoparticles on plant and animal health, public awareness, and environmental remediation.
COVID-19 SALGININDA ÖĞRETMENLERİN UZAK EĞİTİME İLİŞKİN DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: ÖNDER Emine
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 salgınında öğretmenlerin eğitim ve öğretim sürecinde karşı karşıya kaldıkları zorlukları ve öğretim kayıplarını azaltmak amacıyla başvurdukları uygulamaları incelemektir. Araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilimi deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri 34 öğretmenden yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, salgın sürecinde öğretmenler eğitim ve öğretimi yürütürken erişim, öğretim süreci ve diğer kategorileri altında birçok zorlukla karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. Araştırma kapsamındaki öğretmenlerin tamamı, salgın sürecinde öğretim kayıplarının oluştuğunu düşünmektedir. Üçü hariç diğer katılımcılar, öğretim kayıplarını azaltmak amacıyla öğrenme eksiklerini tamamlama, pekiştirme, öğrenmeye istekli hale getirme ve destek kategorilerinde birçok uygulamaya başvurduklarını ifade etmişlerdir.
İLKÖĞRETİM MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ İSTATİSTİK DERSİNİN İSLENİŞİNE, ÖĞRENİLMESİNE VE DEĞERLENDİRMESİNE İLİŞKİN İNANÇ VE ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: FİLİZ Mehmet , BÜTÜNER Suphi Önder
Published: March 2022

Bu kesitsel tarama çalışmasında, ilköğretim matematik öğretmen adaylarının istatistik dersinin islenişi, öğrenilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi ile ilgili inanç ve önerileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya Türkiye’deki iki devlet üniversitesinin İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği programında öğrenim gören n=160 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, İstatistik Öğretme Envanterinin uyarlanmış versiyonunun inançlar ile ilgili bölümü kullanılmıştır. Türkçeye uyarlaması yapılan İstatistik Öğretme Envanterindeki her bir maddeye öğretmen adaylarının verdikleri tepkiler analiz edilerek, frekans ve yüzde değerleri ile sunulmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının “İstatistik dersinin nasıl işlenmesini isterdiniz?” sorusuna verdikleri yazılı yanıtlar üzerinde iki araştırmacı tarafından içerik analizi işlemi gerçekleştirilmiş ve araştırmacılar arasındaki uyum indeksi .93 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın katılımcıları, istatistik derslerinin kâğıt-kalem hesaplamaları yoluyla yürütüldüğüne, istatistiksel kavramların ve kuralların altında yatan anlama temas edilmediğine işaret etmişlerdir. Ayrıca çoğu öğretmen adayı, öğrenci başarısının biçimlendirici ve alternatif ölçme araçları kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği görüşünde birleşmişlerdir. Benzer çalışmalar farklı programlarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerle de yürütülebilir. Ayrıca öğretim elemanlarının istatistik dersini öğretim biçimleri gözlemlenerek, öğretim biçimi ile öğrenci beklentileri arasındaki ilişki incelenebilir.
OKUL MÜDÜRLERİNİN ÇATIŞMA DURUMUNDA DUYGUSAL ZEKÂ BECERİLERİNİ YÖNETEBİLME YETERLİKLERİ
Authors: KAZAK Ender , AYGÜN Mustafa
Published: March 2022

Öz: Okul müdürlerinin çatışma durumunda duygusal zekâyı kullanma yeterliklerini, kendi bakış açılarıyla anlamaya yönelik olan bu çalışma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgubilim deseninde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden ölçüt örneklem tekniği kullanılmış ve bir çatışma nedeni ile en az bir defa soruşturma geçirmiş olan ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise kademesinde görev yapan okul müdürleri çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme soruları kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, okul müdürlerinin çatışma durumunda duygularının farkında oldukları, kızgınlık, gerginlik, kaygı, stres gibi duygu durumlarını sabırla dengelemeye çalıştıkları, çatışma ve çözüme yönelik soğukkanlı, uzlaşmacı, anlamaya ve ikna etmeye dayalı olumlu bir bakış açısına sahip oldukları; bu amaçla olumlu düşünme, kendini telkin etme, zaman zaman da iletişime ara verme gibi yöntemler kullanarak tepkilerini kontrol altında tutmaya çalıştıkları; empati kurarken kendileri ile ilgili de öz değerlendirme yaptıkları; bilgi, deneyim ve hislerine güvendikleri dolayısı ile çözüm üzerine odaklanan bir yaklaşım sergiledikleri tespit edilmiştir.
STEM'E İLİŞKİN ANADOLU LİSESİ VE MESLEKİ VE TEKNİK ANADOLU LİSESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BAKIŞ AÇISININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GOK Tolga
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmada lise öğrencilerinin bütünleşik STEM öğretim yaklaşımına ilişkin görüşlerini değerlendirmek için bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin istatistiksel analiz işlemleri için iki saha çalışması yapılmıştır. Ölçek 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında İzmir iline bağlı Bayraklı, Bornova ve Torbalı ilçelerinde 20 lisede öğrenim gören toplam 4194 lise öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik analizleri için açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi işlemleri yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda lise öğrencilerine yönelik geliştirilen ölçeğin dört alt faktöre (fen, teknoloji, mühendislik ve matematik) sahip olduğu ve ölçeğin toplam 33 maddeden oluştuğu bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin ikinci saha çalışmasında, Anadolu Lisesinde ve Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin STEM'e yönelik tutum ve kariyer ilgi değerlerinin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin sınıf seviyesi yükseldikçe öğrencilerin STEM alanlarına yönelik tutum ve kariyer ilgi değerlerinin azaldığı görülmüştür.
ORTAOKUL MATEMATİK DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMLARINDAKİ PROBLEM ÇÖZMEYE İLİŞKİN AÇIKLAMALARIN SOSYOMATEMATİKSEL NORMLAR ÇERÇEVESİNDE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: YEŞİLDERE İMRE Sibel , ÖKMEN Elif , BOZKURT Büşra
Published: March 2022

Bu nitel araştırmada, Türkiye'de 1926 ile 2018 yılları arasında uygulanan Ortaokul Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programlarında yer alan problem çözmeye ilişkin açıklamalar, sosyomatematiksel normlar çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Araştırmada doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağını oluşturan on Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programı’ nda yer alan problem çözmeye ilişkin açıklamalar veri kodlama formuna yazılmış ve kodlanmıştır. Kodlar anlamlı birimler halinde sınıflandırılarak ve problem çözmeye ilişkin literatürde yer alan sosyomatematiksel normlar dikkate alınarak elde edilen kategoriler doğrultusunda inceleme yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programlarında problem çözme aşamalarının her birine ilişkin sosyomatematiksel normun yer aldığı, en fazla sosyomatematiksel normun problem çözme aşamalarından ‘problemi çözme’ adımında ortaya konulduğu belirlenmiştir. Problem çözmeye ilişkin beklenen sosyomatematiksel normlara işaret eden açıklamalara en fazla yer veren öğretim programlarının 1949, 2005 ve 2013 yılı programları olduğu görülmüştür. Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programlarında genelde problem çözme becerisini destekleyici normların oluşmasını sağlayan açıklamaların yer aldığı, sadece 2018 yılı Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programı’ nda bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Coronary Artery Disease Prevalence in Patients Having Essential Hypertension with Or Without Diabetes Mellitus Detected by Cardiac MIBI Scan
Authors: Owais Bin Qadeer Gill  , Talal Abdul Rehman  , Muhammed Shahzad Afzal  , Hafiz Amjad Hussain
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to find the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in hypertensive patients with or without diabetes mellitus.

METHODOLOGY: Data of patients having essential hypertension (n=931) referred to PINUM from April 2017 to December 2018 for stress/rest cardiac MIBI scan was analyzed. This data was divided into two groups. HD group contains data of patients having hypertension with diabetes mellitus (n=456, 48.98% of total population, M:F=245:211). While data of patients having hypertension without diabetes mellitus was placed in H group (n=475, 51.02% of total population, M: F=254:221).

RESULTS: Prevalence of CAD is higher in HD group than in H group (47.8% vs. 30.1%; p<0.001). CAD is more prevalent in males than females in both groups (53.9 % vs. 40.8% in HD group, and 39.4% vs. 19.5% in H group). This difference in prevalence of CAD in HD and H groups is more marked in females (40.8% vs. 19.5%; p<0.001) than males (53.9 % vs. 39.4%; p=0.001). Prevalence of CAD in patients with typical presentation is not statistically significant in HD and H groups (72.3% vs. 68.4%; p=0.645), while in subjects with atypical presentation prevalence is significantly higher in HD group than H group (40.8% vs. 26.8%; p<0.001).

CONCLUSION: Prevalence of CAD is higher in the group of patients having essential hypertension with diabetes mellitus than the group of patients having essential hypertension without diabetes mellitus.
BLENDED LEARNING: THE NEW NORMAL IN UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION AND ITS IMPACT
Authors: R Vijayalakshmi , Qasem Mohammed Loubna Gamal Qasem Mohammed
Published: March 2022

The main objective of this research is to explore the impact of the implementation of blended learning on the undergraduate’s academic performance as the new norm in education. In order to achieve said goals, the researcher used the descriptive method and prepared a questionnaire to discover the impact of Blended learning in the education system. The study sample consisted of 40 undergraduates who were selected from a private university, Bangalore, India. The sample was selected specifically because of its relevance to the research. The targeted group were asked to do an online survey and send it back to the researcher via email.
The questions and answers were analyzed and interpreted separately; presented in the form of a pie chart for visual representation. With a brief analysis of what each question and answer overall emphasized in terms of the significance of the addition of blended learning. The questions are analyzed and interpreted based on the individuals’ responses. The overall results showed the positive impact of Blended learning in the undergraduate education. The findings also showed that the Blended learning is the new normal in the undergraduates’ education as it provides a new educational approach which is relatively simple yet effective and accessible at all times. The study concluded with the recommendations that educational institutions should adopt Blended learning as a modern teaching approach and identified the financial resources that are available to adopt such approach. As well as the study gave an efficient platform for modern day learners and teachers.
AUGMENTATION OF THE URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE USING STORMWATER SURFACE RUNOFF AS A RESOURCE IN THE NICE EXPRESSWAY, KARNATAKA, INDIA
Authors: Shreewatsav Malavica , Sheriff Vaseem Anjum
Published: March 2022

Urban areas, characterized by impervious surfaces, produce storm water runoff which during unexpected heavy rainfall exceeds the carrying capacity of the storm water drainage system causing urban flooding. Transport expressways are massive hard-scaped surfaces generating large amounts of polluted surface run-off during the rains. In the case of the Nandi Infrastructure Corridor Enterprises (NICE) Expressway at Bengaluru, India, which is also a tolled road, the demonstration is about using the surface run-off or stormwater as a resource for developing urban green infrastructure complementing the transport grey infrastructure. The functions of urban green infrastructure include air quality improvement, microclimate modification, storm water management, biodiversity, recreational opportunities and visual aesthetics. Here we show, that the surface runoff or stormwater is effectively channelled to the areas around, to mark the beginning of a well-planned and executed drainage system, maintenance-free landscape and technically a sound, urban green infrastructure in the form of site-specific models of Rain Gardens. The same models can be used in other transport expressways as they are the indicators of economic growth and connectivity although would require to be customized as per the city and its climatic conditions. This paper explores three different scenarios with a typical model of development of green infrastructure along the transport expressway tailormade for each of the situations. While in the first and the second models, the Central Rain Garden and the Edge Rain Garden have been respectively proposed, the third model explores a comparatively complex scenario in the form of an Intersection Rain Garden.
Light Curve Test of GRB 200716C as a Gravitationally Lensed Echo
Authors: Mukherjee Oindabi , Nemiroff Robert J.
Published: March 2022

A gravitational lens can imprint distinct features on the light curve of a gamma-ray burst (GRB). Most prominently, when creating multiple images, the light curves for all images should be identical, within a scale factor in amplitude. For GRB images that are bright enough to have significant counts in multiple time bins, the similarity of the light curves can be assessed with a straightforward χ
2 test. In response to a recent claim that the two pulses in GRB 200716C are lensed images of the same pulse, such a χ
2 test was computed. The test indicated that the likelihood that the two pulses are images of the same parent pulse is less than 0.218%, differing at about the 3.1σ confidence level. Therefore, under the given assumptions, GRB 200716C is not a compelling example of gravitational lensing.
Low Level Laser versus Platelet-rich Plasma in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Randomized Controlled Intra-patient Comparative Study
Authors: Tawfik Abeer Attia , Mostafa Iman , Soliman Mona , Soliman Mohamed , Abdallah Noha
Published: March 2022

Abstract                                                                                                           Background: Non-scarring alopecia areata (AA) is a disease that is mediated through autoimmunity. Recently, autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and photobiomodulation (PBM), commonly known as low-level laser (or light, LLLT) have been suggested to provide a valuable role in stimulating the growth of hair follicles (HF) Aim: Compare between the significance and wellbeing of PRP and LLLT in the management of AA. Patients & methodology: Thirty patients, each having three patches of AA participated in the study. Patches were assigned randomly to have one of the two treatments: PRP or LLLT. The third patch served as a control and received placebo treatment. PRP was done once weekly whereas LLLT was done 3 sessions per week for a maximum of 6 weeks. Patients were followed up at one month and three months. The thickness and density of hair were evaluated by the folliscope. Results: A noteworthy higher improvement was detected in the thickness and the density of hair in the PRP treated patches as evaluated by the folliscope and patients satisfaction. The obtained outcomes were sustained during the 12 week follow-up period in most of patients. Conclusion: PRP and LLLT could be considered as efficacious alternatives for the treatments of  AA with the least morbidity in addition to a little cost profit ratio. KEYWORDS: Alopecia areata, platelet-rich plasma, folliscope, photobiomodulation, low level laser therapy.
Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplementation on National Institute of Health Stroke Scale in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Batubara Chairil Amin , Barus Listra Isabela , Fithrie Aida
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Approximately, 6-31% of nutritional deficits are present before the stroke and worsen during hospitalization. Besides affecting the patient’s physical and mental abilities, stroke can also cause a decrease in nutritional status, which has a major influence on the rate of death and disability. One intervention to overcome stroke patients’ nutritional problems is giving oral nutritional supplementation. The role of oral nutritional supplementation in stroke severity in patients with acute ischemic stroke has not yet been extensively studied.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplementation on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

METHODS: This was an experimental study with a pre- and post-study group method. Twenty-eight patients with acute ischemic stroke were referred to Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, and were allocated randomly into two groups. Fourteen patients as control group received the normal hospital diet and 14 patients as intervention group received normal hospital diet plus oral nutritional supplementation for 7 days. The NIHSS scores were assessed on the first day and the eighth day after intervention in each group.

RESULTS: There were significant reductions in NIHSS scores between day 1 and day 8 in both groups (p < 0.001). The mean delta NIHSS scores were −2.28 ± 1.63 and −2.57 ± 1.98 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in NIHSS scores between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.682).

CONCLUSION: The effect of oral nutritional supplementation significantly reduced the NIHSS scores in acute ischemic stroke, but there was no significant difference compared to the normal hospital diet.
Meta-Analysis of Laparoscopic Pyelolithotomy versus Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy as a Treatment of Large Kidney Stones
Authors: Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma , Tirtayasa Pande Made Wisnu , Pramana Ida Bagus Putra , Yudiana I. Wayan , Santosa Kadek Budi , Oka Anak Agung Gde
Published: March 2022

hbvbv
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Agustarika Butet , Momot Simon L. , Mustamu Alva Cherry
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: A COVID-19 vaccine is available but acceptance in the community is still low. One of the causes of this is information, that is, lacking and cannot be understood by the community because it is not specific to the context of geography, culture, and sociodemography.
AIM: The aim of this research is to understand the people’s desire for the COVID-19 vaccine in West Papua, Indonesia.
METHODS: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a snowball sampling strategy under a very limited environment. Questionnaires were designed and sent to study participants through social media forms. Study participants were recruited throughout West Papua. The main determinants predicting vaccine acceptance among respondents were modeled using logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 314 participants were willing to take the survey. Of the 314 participants, we found that education level, knowledge, and fear were the main factors predicting acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, respectively (p-value; 0.019, 0.018, and 0.031).
CONCLUSIONS: Sociodemographic determinants related to COVID-19 vaccination to develop new effective interventions to increase information stability and identify key factors, health education interventions that are appropriate for the language, culture, and socioeconomics can help increase the uptake of global vaccination programs to cope with the future pandemics.
Novel Use of Ali Shahab Score as a Diagnostic Tool and Decision of Surgical Management in Scalenus Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Shahab Ali , Mahadewa Tjokorda G. B. , Sadewo Wismaji , Mardhika Putu Eka , Awyono Steven , Putra Made Bhuwana , Monica Maria
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Scalenus syndrome is a collection of symptoms as the consequences of nerve and vascular compression within the scalene triangle. However, the entity has long been forgotten in publications and is difficult to recognize. The diagnosis of scalenus syndrome is mainly based on clinical findings. The Ali Shahab score is a new scoring system, generated based on clinical symptoms of scalenus syndrome.

AIM: In this study, we presented a case series of scalenus syndrome patients who were diagnosed and decide to be managed surgically based on Ali Shahab score. We also reported post-operative outcomes following scalenectomy in our series.

METHODS: This was a case series including patients with scalenus syndrome in Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital, Indonesia, and Siloam Asri Hospital, Indonesia, between 2016 and 2021. The diagnosis of scalenus syndrome was made based on Ali Shahab score with a value of more than 7. All patients were performed scalenectomy to decompress the stenotic subclavian artery and brachial plexus from surrounding fibrotic tissue. Eligible subjects were assessed for sex, side of symptoms, pre-operative and post-operative Ali Shahab score, and post-operative outcome.

RESULTS: We included 96 patients with scalenus syndrome in this case series. Most of the included patients were male (59.4%) and experienced scalenus syndrome on the right side (76%). The average pre-operative Ali Shahab score in our series was 7.12 ± 0.48 and the post-operative score was 0.11 ± 0. Regarding post-operative outcomes, more than half of the patients experienced symptoms reduction with 38.5% of patients experiencing complete resolution of symptoms following scalenectomy.

CONCLUSION: The application of the Ali Shahab score may be used as a diagnostic tool and decision of surgical management for scalenus syndrome patients. Decompression of the subclavian artery and releasing brachial plexus from surrounding fibrotic tissue can improve clinical symptoms in scalenus syndrome patients.
The Rate of Asymptomatic Plasmodium Parasitemia and Placental Parasitization in Urban and Rural Areas of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Emechebe Cajethan , Okpe Andrew Enwa , Eyong Edu Michael , Njoku Charles Obinna
Published: March 2022

Background: Malaria in pregnancy contributes to feto-maternal morbidity and mortality even in asymptomatic forms of the disease especially in malaria endemic regions such as Nigeria. Objective: To determine the rate of asymptomatic malaria parasitemia and placental parasitization among the rural and urban pregnant women and its feto-maternal effects in Cross River State, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a prospective study of 440 pregnant women in rural and urban settings. Participants completed structured questionnaire and also have their blood samples and placentas examined for presence of malaria parasites by microscopy and histology respectively. Maternal hemoglobin concentration, birth weight, neonatal length, Apgar score and other anthropometric measurements were obtained to assess feto-maternal effect of asymptomatic malaria parasitemia and placental parasitisation in pregnancy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and level of significance was set as 0.05. ResultsThe prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitemia was 40.2% while malaria placental parasitization was 70.2%. Based on residential status, 49.5% of rural residents had malaria parasitemia which is significantly higher than their urban resident counterparts 30.9% (p=0.000). The prevalence of placental parasitization was significantly higher among rural residents 80.9% than their urban resident counterparts 59.5% (p=0.000). Concerning obstetric outcome of patients with positive malaria placental parasitisation, preterm delivery, low 5th minutes Apgar score (<7), low birth weight (<2.5kg) and low neonatal length were significantly higher in pregnancy with positive placental parasitisation than in women with negative placental malaria parasitisation. Also, preterm delivery, anemia, low 5th minutes Apgar score (<7) and low birth weight (<2.5kg) were significantly higher in pregnancy with positive malaria parasitemia than women with negative malaria parasitemia. ConclusionAsymptomatic malaria parasitemia (40.2%) and malaria placental parasitization (70.2%) in this study is high and contributes to poor obstetric outcomes mostly in the rural areas. Rural pregnant women have the highest burden than the urban women. Promotion of the use of ITNs, IPT during pregnancy and other malaria preventive measures are necessary especially in rural areas where malaria burden is highest.
Comparative Characteristics of Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Psoriasis and Lichen Planus
Authors: Bilovol Alla , Tkachenko Svitlana , Havryliuk Oleksandra , Berehehova Alla , Pustova Nataliia , Kolhanova Nataliia , Drozd Yulia
Published: March 2022

AIM: The aim of the study was to assess metabolic parameters in patients with lichenoid dermatoses.

METHODS: The study of indicators of metabolic processes was performed on two groups of patients: first group consisted of 50 patients with psoriasis, of whom there were 20 women and 30 men, the average age was 41.3 years; second group included 50 patients with lichen planus, including 23 women and 27 men, the average age was 40.9 years. The control group consisted of 15 healthy individuals, comparable age and gender, whose indicators were considered normal.

CONCLUSIONS: Deviations of lipid metabolism in patients with psoriasis and lichen planus were detected, which were unidirectional with a significant increase in total cholesterol (27% and 30%, respectively) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (17% and 21%, respectively).
Conter le don en famille. La thérapie de Boszormenyi-Nagy
Authors: Michard Pierre
Published: March 2022

Les histoires des oscillations des plateaux de la balance du donner, recevoir, rendre et demander sont théorisées par Boszormenyi-Nagy comme ingrédient majeur des liens familiaux. L'option invente une clinique familiale du don et de la dette en instaurant un dialogue qui croise les narrations des comptes relationnels d’équité et les « ardoises » en souffrance entre les partenaires. La tension de ce dialogue entre les proches devient une modalité de thérapie familiale : les récits font émerger un « inventaire » et invitent à une « mesure » des liens qui favorisent une reconnaissance des engagements ou au contraire l’affirmation de plaintes ou de revendications pour dommages subis. L’expectative d'équilibres relationnels sert de levier en quête d’un surplus de confiance dans les rapports familiaux.
Les industries culturelles et créatives : un levier de valorisation de l’exception culturelle et de la Francophonie
Authors: de Maisonneuve Gaël
Published: March 2022

Les industries culturelles et créatives contribuent significativement à la cohésion sociale et à l’emploi des jeunes et des femmes. La Francophonie joue un rôle essentiel dans la valorisation de ces industries, entravées dans leur déploiement en Afrique par des obstacles d’ordre technologique. En donnant la priorité aux initiatives promouvant l’usage des nouvelles technologies, les principaux acteurs du secteur soutiennent le cinéma, l’audiovisuel et la littérature accessibles en ligne dans les pays du Sud, et travaillent à accroître la visibilité en ligne des contenus culturels francophones. Pour ce faire, le Président de la République, Emmanuel Macron, a souhaité la réalisation de projets conférant une grande notoriété à la création francophone : il s’agit des États généraux du livre en langue française et du Congrès mondial des écrivains de langue française qui se sont tenus en septembre 2021, ainsi que l’ouverture, courant 2022, de la Cité internationale de la langue française, au château de Villers-Cotterêts.
Semi-classical states for fractional Schrödinger equations with magnetic fields and fast decaying potentials
Authors: An Xiaoming , Yang Xian
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with the following fractional magnetic Schrödinger equations

   \begin{document}$ \varepsilon^{2s}(-\Delta)^s_{A/\varepsilon} u +V(x)u = |u|^{p-2}u, \ x\in{\mathbb R}^N, $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ \varepsilon>0 $\end{document} is a parameter, \begin{document}$ s\in(0,1) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ N\geq3 $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ 2+2s/(N-2s)
, \begin{document}$ A\in C^{0,\alpha}({\mathbb R}^N,{\mathbb R}^N) $\end{document} with \begin{document}$ \alpha\in(0,1] $\end{document} is a magnetic field, \begin{document}$ V:{\mathbb R}^N\to{\mathbb R} $\end{document} is a nonnegative continuous potential. By variational methods and penalized idea, we show that the problem has a family of solutions concentrating at a local minimum of \begin{document}$ V $\end{document} as \begin{document}$ \varepsilon\to 0 $\end{document}. There is no restriction on the decay rates of \begin{document}$ V $\end{document}. Especially, \begin{document}$ V $\end{document} can be compactly supported. The appearance of \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} and the nonlocal of \begin{document}$ (-\Delta)^s $\end{document} makes the proof more difficult than that in [7], which considered the case \begin{document}$ A\equiv 0 $\end{document}.
Analysis of one-sided 1-D fractional diffusion operator
Authors: Li Yulong , Telyakovskiy Aleksey S. , Çelik Emine
Published: March 2022

This work establishes the parallel between the properties of classic elliptic PDEs and the one-sided 1-D fractional diffusion equation, that includes the characterization of fractional Sobolev spaces in terms of fractional Riemann-Liouville (R-L) derivatives, variational formulation, maximum principle, Hopf's Lemma, spectral analysis, and theory on the principal eigenvalue and its characterization, etc. As an application, the developed results provide a novel perspective to study the distribution of complex roots of a class of Mittag-Leffler functions and, furthermore, prove the existence of real roots.
SRB measures of singular hyperbolic attractors
Authors: Veconi Dominic
Published: March 2022

It is known that hyperbolic maps admitting singularities have at most countably many ergodic Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen (SRB) measures. These maps include the Belykh attractor, the geometric Lorenz attractor, and more general Lorenz-type systems. In this paper, we establish easily verifiable sufficient conditions guaranteeing that the number of ergodic SRB measures is at most finite, and provide examples and nonexamples showing that the conditions are necessary in general.
Complex dynamic behaviors of a tumor-immune system with two delays in tumor actions
Authors: Li Jianquan , Ma Xiangxiang , Chen Yuming , Zhang Dian
Published: March 2022

The action of a tumor on the immune system includes stimulation and neutralization, which usually have different time delays. In this work we propose a tumor-immune system to incorporate these two kinds of delays due to tumor actions. We explore effects of time delays on the model and find some different phenomena induced by them. When there is only the neutralization delay, the model has a uniform upper bound while when there is only the stimulation delay, the bound varies with the delay. The theoretic analysis suggests that, for the model only with the stimulation delay, the stability of its tumor-present equilibrium may change at most once as the delay increases, but the increase of the neutralization delay may lead to multiple stability switches for the model only with the neutralization delay. Numerical simulations indicate that, in the presence of the neutralization delay, the stimulation delay may induce multiple stability switches. Further, when the model has two tumor-present equilibria, numerical simulations also demonstrate that the model may present some interesting outcomes as each of the two delays increases. These phenomena include the onset of the cytokine storm, the almost global attractivity of the tumor-free equilibrium for sufficiently large time delays, and so on. These results show the complexity of the dynamic behaviors of the model and different effects of the two time delays.
Stability of rarefaction wave for viscous vasculogenesis model
Authors: Liu Qingqing , Wu Xiaoli
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we are concerned with the large time behavior of solutions to the one-dimensional Cauchy problem on a hyperbolic-parabolic-elliptic model for vasculogenesis in the case when far field states of initial data are distinct. It turns out that the solutions exist for all time and tend to a weak rarefaction wave whose strength is not necessarily small under small perturbation. All the results are based on the assumption \begin{document}$ 2A-\frac{{\mu}a}{b}>0 $\end{document} which guarantees the dissipation of this model.
Wiggly canards: Growth of traveling wave trains through a family of fast-subsystem foci
Authors: Carter Paul , Champneys Alan R.
Published: March 2022

A class of two-fast, one-slow multiple timescale dynamical systems is considered that contains the system of ordinary differential equations obtained from seeking travelling-wave solutions to the FitzHugh-Nagumo equations in one space dimension. The question addressed is the mechanism by which a small-amplitude periodic orbit, created in a Hopf bifurcation, undergoes rapid amplitude growth in a small parameter interval, akin to a canard explosion. The presence of a saddle-focus structure around the slow manifold implies that a single periodic orbit undergoes a sequence of folds as the amplitude grows. An analysis is performed under some general hypotheses using a combination ideas from the theory of canard explosion and Shilnikov analysis. An asymptotic formula is obtained for the dependence of the parameter location of the folds on the singular parameter and parameters that control the saddle focus eigenvalues. The analysis is shown to agree with numerical results both for a synthetic normal-form example and the FitzHugh-Nagumo system.
Geometry and Generalization: Eigenvalues as predictors of where a network will fail to generalize
Authors: Agarwala Susama , Dees Ben , Gearheart Andrew , Lowman Corey
Published: March 2022

We study the deformation of the input space by a trained autoencoder via the Jacobians of the trained weight matrices. In doing so, we prove bounds for the mean squared errors for points in the input space, under assumptions regarding the orthogonality of the eigenvectors. We also show that the trace and the product of the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrices is a good predictor of the mean squared errors on test points. This is a dataset independent means of testing an autoencoder's ability to generalize on new input. Namely, no knowledge of the dataset on which the network was trained is needed, only the parameters of the trained model.
An iterative scheme for imaging acoustic obstacle from phaseless total-field data
Authors: Dong Heping , Zhang Deyue , Chi Yingwei
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the inverse problem of determining the location and the shape of a sound-soft or sound-hard obstacle from the modulus of the total-field collected on a measured curve for an incident point source. We propose a system of nonlinear integral equations based iterative scheme to reconstruct both the location and the shape of the obstacle. Several validating numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed inversion algorithm.
Self-adaptive algorithms for the split problem of the quasi-pseudocontractive operators in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Sun Wenlong ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China, Lu Gang , Jin Yuanfeng , Park Choonkil ,   Division of Foundational Teaching, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou 510850, China,   Department of Mathematics, Yanbian University, Yanji 133001, China,   Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
Published: March 2022

Self-adaptive algorithms are presented for solving the split common fixed point problem of quasi-pseudocontractive operators in Hilbert spaces. Weak and strong convergence theorems are given under some mild assumptions.
Formes et fonctions : essai de typologie
Authors: Ubaldo Bernardos Sanz José , Virlouvet Catherine
Published: March 2022

Tenter une étude diachronique des formes et fonctions des entrepôts destinés tout ou partie à la conservation de denrées à destination des populations urbaines et militaires se justifie par la permanence des contraintes techniques dans les sociétés méditerranéennes d’Ancien Régime. Pour autant les facteurs de variation sont nombreux. Ils tiennent aux types de marchandises conservées, au climat, à l’insertion du bâtiment dans un réseau de communication et d’entrepôts, enfin à la conjoncture historique qui a pesé fortement sur l’utilisation de tous les types de structures. L’esquisse de typologie, présentée essentiellement pour l’époque antique, distingue les aménagements dont la fonction principale était la conservation de ceux qui répondaient à des usages mixtes, combinant entre autres le stockage et la distribution. Ces édifices complexes prirent de l’importance dans les moments où un pouvoir politique fort fut capable de jouer un rôle important, quoique non exclusif, dans les politiques d’approvisionnement des populations non rurales.
Entrepôts céréaliers en Sicile de l’Antiquité à l’époque moderne
Authors: Laudani Simona , Bouffier Sophie , France Jérôme , Arcifa Lucia , Vigiano Valentina , Blando Nino
Published: March 2022

Pour la Sicile, le grain a constitué l’un des produits fondamentaux de l’économie et des équilibres commerciaux, et par voie de conséquence, une des clefs des choix politiques de l’île. C’est peut-être la seule production dont l’hégémonie est restée indiscutable et indiscutée à travers le temps, et cela, malgré les diverses vicissitudes qu’elle a connues, et qui sont liées aux conjonctures politiques et commerciales plutôt qu’à des facteurs naturels. L’histoire du blé sicilien porte donc les signes de la longue durée : produit d’exportation dès l’antiquité grecque, il a constitué une source de revenus fiscaux non négligeable à partir de l’Empire romain et il a réussi à marquer le territoire avec ses réseaux, ses greniers et ses entrepôts ; il a inévitablement hiérarchisé les lieux de production, les centres de commercialisation et les ports d’exportation ; il a engendré assez tôt, au moins à partir des dispositions de Frédéric II et pendant toute l’époque moderne, l’organisation d’un système de gestion et de contrôle des flux.Nous avons donc choisi de consacrer au blé sicilien une réflexion diachronique, de l’époque grecque à l’époque moderne par l’étude des entrepôts de grain, des caricatori, comme on nommait en Sicile à l’époque moderne les lieux où les producteurs portaient leurs céréales en attente de commercialisation. Ces caricatori finirent par assumer, de manière différente et avec des modalités diverses selon les époques, des fonctions complexes du point de vue fiscal, financier et commercial, en marquant par leur présence le territoire et les choix politiques des gouvernements.
Gestion et administration des entrepôts de grain à Venise au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Vertecchi Giulia
Published: March 2022

L’analyse de la documentation relative au système d’administration et de gestion des entrepôts de grain à Venise au XVIIIe siècle, permet d’identifier les protagonistes et les processus qui intervenaient de façon essentielle dans le fonctionnement annonaire. Au sein de la machine bureaucratique complexe de la République, se distingue en particulier la figure du « masser ai formenti in Terra Nova », c’est-à-dire l’administrateur général de tous les greniers publics. À cette fonction étaient liées des tâches de grande responsabilité qui supposaient une haute préparation technique. Celui qui assumait cette charge se portait garant de la conservation du grain : il devait s’assurer, par tous les moyens nécessaires, que les pertes liées au stockage seraient inférieures à une quantité préalablement établie par la magistrature. S’il assumait ainsi le risque de la conservation sur ses propres deniers, il avait aussi la liberté de vendre à son compte la différence, à savoir le surplus dégagé de pertes inférieures à celles qui étaient initialement prévues, et les profits qu’il en pouvait tirer n’étaient pas négligeables.
Les Limites de la cité
Authors: Fettah Samuel
Published: March 2022

Docteur en histoire, ancien chargé de recherche au CNRS, est agrégé d’histoire et chercheur associé à l’UMR TELEMME (MMSH, Aix-en-Provence). Aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, Livourne fut un grand port d’entrepôt méditerranéen, cosmopolite et marchand, en partie organisé en « nations ». Mais c’était aussi une cité italienne d’Ancien Régime, en majorité peuplée de catholiques, le plus souvent originaires de la péninsule. Cité marchande et cité princière, principal débouché de la Toscane en Méditerranée et espace privilégié de circulation des hommes et des idées nouvelles, Livourne fut aussi la vitrine urbanistique des Princes, ville contrôlée et enserrée dans l’enceinte du port franc, intégrée dans un plan géométrique inspiré des cités idéales de la Renaissance. L’ouvrage étudie d’abord le fonctionnement de cette cité, décrivant un modèle urbain construit et sans cesse reproduit sur des bornages précis. Les limites spatiales et économiques d’abord, car c’est aux marges de la ville, aux abords du port franc, que se définit puis se recompose l’espace urbain. Celles, ensuite, sociales et politiques, car c’est à partir des différences de statut et par la place accordée aux « nations » que se structurent les relations entre groupes citadins et gouvernement de la cité. La place des communautés allogènes et de leurs notables dans la vie citadine, ainsi que leur position dans le processus local et régional du Risorgimento constituent, dans ce cadre, un aspect central du livre, qui décrit les évolutions du système libournais entre le temps du despotisme éclairé (deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle) et la première décennie du rattachement au royaume d’Italie, jusqu’à sa désagrégation, sanctionnée par l’abolition du port franc (1868). Ce faisant, il trace l’histoire d’un modèle de modernité citadine, souvent précoce et dynamique mais affaibli par ses contradictions et ses limites. C’est aussi l’histoire d’un passage des « nations » à la nation, un processus dont l’issue n’était pas écrite d’avance et qui fut marqué par un temps de forte affirmation de l’identité locale et régionale.
CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATIVE FRAMES IN COLONOSCOPY VIDEO BASED ON IMAGE ENHANCEMENT AND PHOG FEATURE EXTRACTION
Authors: Nisha J. S. , Gopi Varun P. , Palanisamy P.
Published: March 2022

Colonoscopy allows doctors to check the abnormalities in the intestinal tract without any surgical operations. The major problem in the Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) of colonoscopy images is the low illumination condition of the images. This study aims to provide an image enhancement method and feature extraction and classification techniques for detecting polyps in colonoscopy images. We propose a novel image enhancement method with a Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradients (PHOG) feature extractor to detect polyps in the colonoscopy images. The approach is evaluated across different classifiers, such as Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Adaboost, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest. The proposed method has been trained using the publicly available databases CVC ClinicDB and tested in ETIS Larib and CVC ColonDB. The proposed approach outperformed the existing state-of-the-art methods on both databases. The reliability of the classifiers’ performance was examined by comparing their F1 score, precision, F2 score, recall, and accuracy. PHOG with Random Forest classifier outperformed the existing methods in terms of recall of 97.95%, precision 98.46%, F1 score 98.20%, F2 score of 98.00%, and accuracy of 98.21% in the CVC-ColonDB. In the ETIS-LARIB dataset it attained a recall value of 96.83%, precision 98.65%, F1 score 97.73%, F2 score 98.59%, and accuracy of 97.75%. We observed that the proposed image enhancement method with PHOG feature extraction and the Random Forest classifier will help doctors to evaluate and analyze anomalies from colonoscopy data and make decisions quickly.
Scrotal ultrasound: an underutilised armamentarium in upper aerodigestive tract non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas
Authors: Wazeer Z. , Eliyapura H. N.
Published: March 2022

Primary testicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) has a very low incidence. Therefore, clinical examination and imaging of testis is overlooked in the routine mapping of NHL. We discuss a case of Waldeyer’s ring NHL who also had asymptomatic testicular lymphoma on presentation and the importance of testicular ultrasound in NHL workup.
A rare case of accessory tragi in the nose
Authors: Bandaranayake B. M. G. K. , Adikari S. B. , Bandaranayake B. , Dharmadasa K. V. C. K.
Published: March 2022

This report presents a rare case of multiple accessory tragi, which developed at an unusual site outside of a derivative of a branchial arch, in this case the nose. Thus far, to our knowledge this is the 4th reported case ofsimilar nature in the world. This case is significantin that, this is the first reported case with an accessory tragus present along the midline in the dorsum of the nose.
Parental entries on hearing in Child Health and Development record: How reliable in early detection of paediatric hearing loss?
Authors: De Alwis A. S. R. , Yasawardena A. D. K. S. N. , Rubasinghe M. S. , Wariyapola A. D.
Published: March 2022

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of parental entries regarding functional hearing in the Child Health and Development Record(CHDR), in patients with severe to profound hearing loss, and detection of the hearing issues by the public health midwife(PHM).
Material and Method: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among parents/caregivers of children with severe to profound hearing loss who underwent cochlear implantation before the age of 5 years from  01.01.2017 to  31.12. 2018 at Lady Ridgeway hospital for children, Sri Lanka. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used based on the hearing assessment in CHDR.
Results: The age of the mother at the birth of the index child spans from 17years to 50 years. Majority( 64.1% ) had another child older to the index child. The majority were diagnosed between 18-24 months. The age of cochlear implantation spans from 9 months upto 5 years. Average waiting period was 2 years. The correct entries were observed as follows: 20.8% at birth, 22.7% at 1 month and 22.6% at 4 months, 7 months, 9 months and 12 months respectively. Among those who have not marked or marked incorrectly, 45.9% stated that they couldn't recognise the hearing impairment and 23.4% stated they were reluctant to accept it. Only 4% of these children were referred for further assessment by the PHM.
Conclusion: Parental and the PHM’s assessment of a child’s hearing is not a reliable indicator to detect early sensorineural deafness.