bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE AND TEXTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE SCIENTIFIC-CRITICAL TEXT OF THE WORK WITH THE AUTOGRAPH “RASHAHOT” (TEHRAN EDITION, 1977)
Authors:   Doctor of Philological Sciences (Phd), Lecturer Department of Source Studies and Sufism Hermeneutics, Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, Umurzoqov Bahriddin S.
Published: February 2023

This article is dedicated to the study of the text of the work “Rashahot ain al-hayat” (Drops from the Fountain of Life) written by Fakhruddin Ali Safi Koshifi Hiravi (d. 939/1532-1533). In the article, the oldest copies of this work are kept in Tashkent manuscript funds - State Literary Museum named after Alisher Navoi of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan “Rashahot”.manuscript. №33/II, Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan “Rashahot”. manuscript №10147, Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, “Rashahot”. Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan manuscript.№5418 ҳамда “Rashahot”. National Manuscripts Department of Tehran Library Council #8201 (26458) inv. digital) features of manuscripts are discussed. The article also includes the texts of these ancient manuscript copies of “Rashahot” and the Tehran edition of the work (“Rashahot”. Scientific and critical text. Tehran, 1977. Prepared for publication - AA. Mu’iyniyan.) text is compared with each other and the State Literary Museum “Rashahot” named after Alisher Navoi of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. manuscript. It is firmly concluded that the text of copy #33/II is the perfect, most reliable text of the work "Rashahot ain al-hayat" (Drops from the Fountain of Life).
PHYSICAL LABOR IS THE BASIS OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors:   Assistant of department of Social Sciences Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Gadoeva Lobar E.
Published: February 2023

It is impossible not to see that today's democratic changes and the processes of globalization in the world have a conflicting effect on a person's psyche, health, and relationship to life. The social existence has never changed without affecting the existence of the subject, without turning his imagination in one direction or another. The dynamics of changes in the social existence finds a perception in the human psyche and either activates the individual or creates indifference moods in him. S. Norkulov, doctor of philosophy, states that consciousness, which moves an individual with society and shapes his relationship to existence, is among the phenomena that develops in a “dialectical” manner. As the social space and environment affects the mind, the mind also affects the environment and the social space. However, the social space and environment act as an objective entity, and consciousness as a subjective phenomenon leads a person to change the objective entity.
THE ROLE OF HISTORICAL SOURCES IN THE STUDY OF THE HISTORY OF THE TURKISH EMPIRE
Authors:   Lecturer Department Of History Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan, Nematov Rustam A. , Almanov’s Q.O. ,   Doctor Of Philosophy In History Department Of History Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2023

The importance of sources related to the history of the Turkish Empire is reflected as a topical issue from today’s point of view. Ancient sources are very important in identifying the sources directly related to the Turkish khanate and determining the level of reliability of the information, in which ethno-political process they were created. Because on this basis, the primary and auxiliary sources of the history of the Khanate are determined, and the extent to which the information is related to real realities is expressed. The article focuses on the comparative analysis of historical sources related to the Turkish khanate. And through this, the foundations, management procedures and history of Turkish statehood are gradually analysed.
Manipulating avatar age and gender in level-2 visual perspective taking
Authors: Ford B. , Monk R. , Litchfield D. , Qureshi A.
Published: February 2023

Visual perspective taking (VPT) represents how the world appears from another person’s position. The age, group status and emotional displays of the other person have been shown to affect task performance, but tasks often confound social and spatial outcome measures by embedding perspective taking in explicitly social contexts or theory-of-mind reasoning. Furthermore, while previous research has suggested that visual perspective taking may be impacted by avatar characteristics, it is unknown whether this is driven by general group processing or a specific deficit in mentalizing about outgroups, for example, children. Therefore, using a minimally social task (i.e., the task was not communicative, and acknowledging the “mind” of the avatar was not necessitated), we examined whether avatar age and avatar gender affect performance on simpler (low angular disparity) and more effortful, embodied (high angular disparity) perspective judgments. Ninety-two participants represented the visuospatial perspectives of a boy, girl, man, or woman who were presented at various angular disparities. A target object was placed in front of the avatar and participants responded to the orientation of the object from the avatar’s position. The findings suggest that social features of visuospatial perspective taking (VSPT) are processed separately from the fundamental spatial computations. Further, Level-2 VSPT appears to be affected by general group categorization (e.g., age and gender) rather than a deficit in mentalizing about a specific outgroup (e.g., children).
A methodological framework to assess the accuracy of virtual reality hand-tracking systems: A case study with the Meta Quest 2
Authors: Abdlkarim Diar , Di Luca Massimiliano , Aves Poppy , Maaroufi Mohamed , Yeo Sang-Hoon , Miall R. Chris , Holland Peter , Galea Joeseph M.
Published: February 2023

Optical markerless hand-tracking systems incorporated into virtual reality (VR) headsets are transforming the ability to assess fine motor skills in VR. This promises to have far-reaching implications for the increased applicability of VR across scientific, industrial, and clinical settings. However, so far, there are little data regarding the accuracy, delay, and overall performance of these types of hand-tracking systems. Here we present a novel methodological framework based on a fixed grid of targets, which can be easily applied to measure these systems’ absolute positional error and delay. We also demonstrate a method to assess finger joint-angle accuracy. We used this framework to evaluate the Meta Quest 2 hand-tracking system. Our results showed an average fingertip positional error of 1.1cm, an average finger joint angle error of 9.6∘ and an average temporal delay of 45.0 ms. This methodological framework provides a powerful tool to ensure the reliability and validity of data originating from VR-based, markerless hand-tracking systems.
HEALTH IMPACTS IN THE LIGHT OF PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION: A REVIEW
Authors: u din Azhar
Published: February 2023

Pesticides have pivotal importance in the present agricultural system of the world. To produce a high yield and meet the increasing food demands of the growing population of the world the application of pesticides has become mandatory. Nevertheless, the toxic residue of pesticides has severe repercussions on human health and the environment. The need is to prepare good quality biopesticides as the alternative to these poisonous pesticides that will not only prove helpful in high agricultural production but also have fewer health impacts and must be environmentally friendly. This is the review of literature from 1990 to 2022 on pesticide consumption and its health impacts.
CFD Simulation on Aerodynamic Performance of Hyperloop Vehicle
Authors: Repalli Satya Venkat Narayan Murty  , Pranav Pabsetti  , Jai Bhoje  , Harish Rajan
Published: February 2023

Aerodynamic drag is one of the most opposing factors for ground vehicle. This becomes even more difficult while travelling through a tunnel. The Evacuated- Tube Trains (ETTs) or Hyperloop’s are a new concept of ground transportation presently being developed by many different companies. The main purpose of an Hyperloop can be displayed as a cheaper medium of ground transport, which could allow its consumers to propagate to different places at a cheaper and faster rate compared to the present day locomotives and road transport. Passengers can travel at over 700 mph in floating capsules that swoop along within gigantic low-pressure tubes that are either below or above surface. This study analyses the Hyperloop designs using Computational Fluid Dynamics software ANSYS FLUENT. The effects of operating speed, Capsule shape and internal tube pressure have been studied in this paper. The flow inside the tube is considered as turbulent and incompressible. The software simulation results show the significant effects of inside pressure and operating speed on the aerodynamic drag of the capsule. Study with different shapes for the Capsule’s front and rear end suggest the most optimum shape for least aerodynamic drag.
Effect of Indoor Condition with Cross Ventilation on Deposition of Airborne Droplets Emitted from Human Cough
Authors: Stanferd Jenta Sanada  , Mohamad Nur Hidayat Mat
Published: February 2023

Prediction of airborne transmission in different environmental condition remains as the research challenge in the field. This has motivated the present study to obtain the direct impact of flow field to the physical nature of transmission. ANSYS Fluent 2022 R1 software is utilised in this research to numerically investigate and visualize flow pattern in a closed environment with cross ventilation and its effect to the emitted droplets deposition. The effect of different indoor parameters towards airborne transmission are investigated, which include wind velocity, air relative humidity (RH), and exposure time after emission. Simulation result revealed increasing wind velocity according to Beaufort wind scale of 1.0 to 3.9 m/s, increases transmission rate due to enhanced convection effect. Surrounding air with higher RH leads to a larger mean diameter of particles due to hygroscopic growth effect, while evaporation effect dominates in lower air RH, leading to particle shrinkage. In a light wind breeze, droplet mass of 5.15 mg deposited on receiver body within 0.5 s of transmission when RH is 40%, while only 3.29 mg droplets reached receiver in RH of 99.5%. Droplet particles settle on the floor within 1.50 s revealed 0.66 mg deposited mass in higher RH, while 0.26 mg of droplets deposited in lower RH. Deposition at transmitter body is possible due to recirculation effect of incoming wind generated between transmitter and receiver, leading to 3.7 times higher deposited mass in lower RH as compared to in higher RH. This research highlights application of Euler-Lagrange model to represent the trajectory of cough droplets influenced by indoor condition with horizontal wind, in the effort to strengthen safety and health judgement in the event of a pandemic.
Multiple Solutions and Stability Analysis of Magnetic Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Rotating Disk with Heat Generation
Authors: Najiyah Safwa Khashi'ie  , Iskandar Waini  , Nurul Amira Zainal  , Khairum Hamzah  , Norihan Md Arifin  , Ioan Pop
Published: February 2023

This study highlights the hybrid Fe3O4-CoFe2O4/H2O ferrofluid flow and heat transfer with the effects of linear heat generation, magnetic field and suction on a rotating disk. Using the similarity transformation, the mathematical model is simplified and reduced to a similarity set of equations. The bvp4c solver is used for computational analysis as well as the stability analysis procedure. The present model is successfully validated with previous results, and also verified with the fulfillment of the asymptote profiles. Triple solutions are observed within a limited range of testing parameters. The flow progress of Fe3O4-CoFe2O4/H2O is reduced when some changes made by varying the magnetic and suction parameters while a reverse result is obtained for the third solution. Only the suction parameter boosts the thermal progress of Fe3O4-CoFe2O4/H2O. The stability analysis surprisingly shows that two of the solutions have positive smallest eigenvalues and align with the physical results.
Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions on Al2O3-Cu Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Shrinking Sheet
Authors: Iskandar Waini  , Farah Nadzirah Jamrus  , Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim  , Anuar Ishak  , Ioan Pop
Published: February 2023

The effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous reaction on the fluid flow over a shrinking sheet is examined. A hybrid nanofluid is considered, with alumina and copper as the nanoparticles and water as the base liquid. The governing equations are solved numerically using similarity approach with the help of MATLAB software. Two outcomes are attained for several ranges of the mass flux parameter . The friction factor as well as the concentration gradient enhances in the presence of nanoparticles, but the rate of heat transfer declines. Moreover, the concentration gradient is intensified for larger homogeneous and heterogeneous strength.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA VĂN HOÁ ĐỔI MỚI ĐẾN SỰ THU HÚT LAO ĐỘNG CỦA TỔ CHỨC: NGHIÊN CỨU TẠI HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hạnh , Bùi Thị Hiếu , La Thị Cẩm Tú
Published: February 2023

Thu hút nguồn nhân lực chất lượng cao là một trong những ưu tiên hàng đầu trong kế hoạch phát triển của doanh nghiệp, trong đó năng lực đổi mới của doanh nghiệp được đánh giá là có ảnh hưởng tới sự chú ý của người lao động. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là xác định mối quan hệ giữa văn hoá đổi mới của doanh nghiệp và sự thu hút nguồn nhân lực của họ. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp phân tích nhân tố khám phá và hồi quy tuyến tính với mẫu nghiên cứu gồm 203 lao động trẻ tại Hà Nội. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy văn hoá đổi mới và kết quả đổi mới có ảnh hưởng tích cực tới sự thu hút người lao động của doanh nghiệp. Tuy nhiên mối quan hệ này không chịu ảnh hưởng bởi khả năng đổi mới của cá nhân. Bài nghiên cứu đã bổ sung bằng chứng về vai trò của văn hoá đổi mới đối với các doanh nghiệp trong việc thu hút người lao động.
Determining Dust Properties in Protoplanetary Disks: SED-derived Masses and Settling with ALMA
Authors: Rilinger Anneliese M. , Espaillat Catherine C. , Xin Zihua , Ribas Álvaro , Macías Enrique , Luettgen Sarah
Published: February 2023

We present spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling of 338 disks around T Tauri stars from 11 star-forming regions, ranging from ∼0.5 to 10 Myr old. The disk masses we infer from our SED models are typically greater than those reported from (sub)millimeter surveys by a factor of 1.5–5, with the discrepancy being generally higher for the more massive disks. Masses derived from (sub)millimeter fluxes rely on the assumption that the disks are optically thin at all millimeter wavelengths, which may cause the disk masses to be underestimated since the observed flux is not sensitive to the whole mass in the disk; SED models do not make this assumption and thus yield higher masses. Disks with more absorbing material should be optically thicker at a given wavelength, which could lead to a larger discrepancy for disks around massive stars when the disk temperature is scaled by the stellar luminosity. We also compare the disk masses and degree of dust settling across the different star-forming regions and find that disks in younger regions are more massive than disks in older regions, but with a similar degree of dust settling. Together, these results offer potential partial solutions to the “missing” mass problem: disks around T Tauri stars may indeed have enough material to form planetary systems, though previous studies have underestimated the mass by assuming the disks to be optically thin; these planetary systems may also form earlier than previously theorized since significant dust evolution (i.e., settling) is already apparent in young disks.
Caught in the Act: A Metal-rich High-velocity Cloud in the Inner Galaxy
Authors: Cashman Frances H. , Fox Andrew J. , Wakker Bart P. , Ashley Trisha , Massa Derck , Jenkins Edward B. , Krishnarao Dhanesh , Benjamin Robert A. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Kim Tae-Sun
Published: February 2023

We characterize the chemical and physical conditions in an outflowing high-velocity cloud (HVC) in the inner Galaxy. We report a supersolar metallicity of [O/H] = +0.36 ± 0.12 for the HVC at v
LSR = 125.6 km s−1 toward the star HD 156359 (l = 328.°7, b = −14.°5, d = 9 kpc, z = −2.3 kpc). Using archival observations from the Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph, and the European Southern Observatory Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph we measure high-velocity absorption in H i, O i, C ii, N ii, Si ii, Ca ii, Si iii, Fe iii, C iv, Si iv, N v, and O vi. We measure a low H i column density of log N(H i) = 15.54 ± 0.05 in the HVC from multiple unsaturated H i Lyman series lines in the FUSE data. We determine a low dust depletion level in the HVC from the relative strength of silicon, iron, and calcium absorption relative to oxygen, with [Si/O] = −0.33 ± 0.14, [Fe/O] = −0.30 ± 0.20, and [Ca/O] = −0.56 ± 0.16. Analysis of the high-ion absorption using collisional ionization models indicates that the hot plasma is multiphase, with the C iv and Si iv tracing 104.9 K gas and N v and O vi tracing 105.4 K gas. The cloud’s metallicity, dust content, kinematics, and close proximity to the disk are all consistent with a Galactic wind origin. As the HD 156359 line of sight probes the inner Galaxy, the HVC appears to be a young cloud caught in the act of being entrained in a multiphase Galactic outflow and driven out into the halo.
Nonthermal X-Rays from Pulsation-driven Shocks in Cepheids
Authors: Fraschetti Federico , Anastasopoulou Konstantina , Drake Jeremy J. , Evans Nancy Remage
Published: February 2023

Rapid X-ray phase-dependent flux enhancement in the archetype classical Cepheid star δ Cep was observed by XMM-Newton and Chandra. We jointly analyze thermal and nonthermal components of the time-resolved X-ray spectra prior to, during, and after the enhancement. A comparison of the timescales of shock particle acceleration and energy losses is consistent with the scenario of a pulsation-driven shock wave traveling into the stellar corona and accelerating electrons to ∼GeV energies, and with Inverse Compton (IC) emission from the UV stellar background leading to the observed X-ray enhancement. The index of the nonthermal IC photon spectrum, assumed to be a simple power law in the [1–8] keV energy range, radially integrated within the shell [3–10] stellar radii, is consistent with an enhanced X-ray spectrum powered by shock-accelerated electrons. An unlikely ∼100-fold amplification via turbulent dynamo of the magnetic field at the shock propagating through density inhomogeneities in the stellar corona is required for the synchrotron emission to dominate over the IC; the lack of time correlation between radio synchrotron and stellar pulsation contributes to make synchrotron as an unlikely emission mechanism for the flux enhancement. Although current observations cannot rule out a high-flux two-temperature thermal spectrum with a negligible nonthermal component, this event might confirm for the first time the association of Cepheids pulsation with shock-accelerated GeV electrons.
Evidence for a Low Lyman Continuum Escape Fraction in Three Massive, Ultraviolet-bright Galaxies at z > 7
Authors: Witten Callum E. C. , Laporte Nicolas , Katz Harley
Published: February 2023

Although low-mass star-forming galaxies are the leading candidates of the reionization process, we cannot conclusively rule out high-mass star-forming galaxies as candidates. While most simulations indicate the former is the best candidate, some models suggest that at z ≥ 6 massive, UV-bright galaxies – “oligarchs” – account for at least 80% of the ionizing budget. To test this hypothesis, we target massive (

log

10

(

M

⋆

[

M

⊙

]
)
>
10

), UV-bright (M
UV ∼ −22) Lyα emitters at z > 7 in archival data, observed with similar resolution spectrographs (Very Large Telescope/X-shooter and Keck/MOSFIRE). To increase the reliability of our conclusions, we stack all spectra and obtain a deep-stacked spectrum of 24.75 hr. The stacked Lyα profile displays a clear asymmetric red peak and an absence of a blue peak. We additionally estimate the intrinsic stacked Lyα profile of our targets by correcting for intergalactic medium (IGM) transmission using a range of neutral hydrogen fractions, finding no significant change in the profile. We measure a velocity offset V
red > 300 km s−1 and an asymmetry in our red peak A ∼ 3. Using various models and estimators, such as the peak separation, the asymmetry of the red peak, the ratio between Lyα and Hβ, and the β slope, we conclude that the escape fraction in these three UV-bright, massive (∼1010
M
⊙), z ≥ 7 galaxies is f
esc(LyC) ≤ 10%.
Protoneutron Star Convection Simulated with a New General Relativistic Boltzmann Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics Code
Authors: Akaho Ryuichiro , Harada Akira , Nagakura Hiroki , Iwakami Wakana , Okawa Hirotada , Furusawa Shun , Matsufuru Hideo , Sumiyoshi Kohsuke , Yamada Shoichi
Published: February 2023

We investigate protoneutron star (PNS) convection using our newly developed general relativistic Boltzmann neutrino radiation hydrodynamics code. This is a pilot study for more comprehensive investigations later. As such, we take a snapshot of a PNS at 2.3 s after bounce from a 1D PNS cooling calculation and run our simulation for ∼160 ms in 2D under axisymmetry. The original PNS cooling calculation neglected convection entirely and the initial conditions were linearly unstable to convection. We find in our 2D simulation that convection is instigated there indeed and expands inward after being full-fledged. The convection then settled to a quasi-steady state after ∼100 ms, being sustained by the negative Y

e
gradient, which is in turn maintained by neutrino emissions. It enhances the luminosities and mean energies of all species of neutrinos compared to 1D. Taking advantage of the Boltzmann solver, we analyse the possible occurrence of neutrino fast flavor conversion (FFC). We found that FFC is likely to occur in regions where Y

e
is lower, and that the growth rate can be as high as ∼10−1 cm−1.
Prospects for 21 cm Galaxy Cross-correlations with HERA and the Roman High-latitude Survey
Authors: La Plante Paul , Mirocha Jordan , Gorce Adélie , Lidz Adam , Parsons Aaron
Published: February 2023

The cross-correlation between the 21 cm field and the galaxy distribution is a potential probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). The 21 cm signal traces neutral gas in the intergalactic medium and, on large spatial scales, this should be anticorrelated with the high-redshift galaxy distribution, which partly sources and tracks the ionized gas. In the near future, interferometers such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) are projected to provide extremely sensitive measurements of the 21 cm power spectrum. At the same time, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will produce the most extensive catalog to date of bright galaxies from the EoR. Using seminumeric simulations of reionization, we explore the prospects for measuring the cross-power spectrum between the 21 cm and galaxy fields during the EoR. We forecast a 12σ detection between HERA and Roman, assuming an overlapping survey area of 500 deg2, redshift uncertainties of σ

z
= 0.01 (as expected for the high-latitude spectroscopic survey of Lyα-emitting galaxies), and an effective Lyα emitter duty cycle of f
LAE = 0.1. Thus the HERA–Roman cross-power spectrum may be used to help verify 21 cm detections from HERA. We find that the shot-noise in the galaxy distribution is a limiting factor for detection, and so supplemental observations using Roman should prioritize deeper observations, rather than covering a wider field of view. We have made a public GitHub repository containing key parts of the calculation, which accompanies this paper: https://github.com/plaplant/21cm_gal_cross_correlation.
The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky Survey for Pulsars and Transients. IV. Discovery of Four New Pulsars with an FFA Search
Authors: Singh S. , Roy J. , Bhattacharyya B. , Panda U. , Stappers B. W. , McLaughlin M. A.
Published: February 2023

The fast Fourier transform (FFT) based periodicity search methods provide an efficient way to search for millisecond and binary pulsars but encounter significant sensitivity degradation while searching for long period and short duty cycle pulsars. An alternative to FFT-based search methods called the fast folding algorithm (FFA) search provides superior sensitivity to search for signals with long periods and short duty cycles. In the GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky (GHRSS) survey, we are using an FFA-based pipeline to search for isolated pulsars in a period range of 100 ms to 100 s. We have processed 2800 degree2 of the sky coverage away from the Galactic plane and discovered six new pulsars. Here, we report the discovery of four of these pulsars with the FFA search pipeline. This includes a narrow duty cycle pulsar, J1936−30, which shows nulling behavior with an extreme nulling fraction of ∼90%. Two of the GHRSS discoveries from the FFA search lie in narrow duty cycle ranges beyond the limit of the existing population. The implementation of FFA search in the GHRSS survey and other pulsar surveys is expected to recover the missing population of long period and short duty cycle pulsars.
Probing the Stellar Wind of the Wolf–Rayet Star in IC 10 X-1
Authors: Bhattacharya Sayantan , Laycock Silas G. T. , Chené André-Nicolas , Binder Breanna A. , Christodoulou Dimitris M. , Roy Ankur , Sorabella Nicholas M. , Cappallo Rigel C.
Published: February 2023

IC 10 X-1 is an eclipsing high-mass X-ray binary containing a stellar-mass black hole (BH) and a Wolf–Rayet (WR) donor star with an orbital period of P = 34.9 hr. This binary belongs to a group of systems that can be the progenitors of gravitational-wave sources; hence understanding the dynamics of systems such as IC 10 X-1 is of paramount importance. The prominent He ii 4686 emission line (previously used in mass estimates of the BH) is out of phase with the X-ray eclipse, suggesting that this line originates somewhere in the ionized wind of the WR star or in the accretion disk. We obtained 52 spectra from the GEMINI/GMOS archive, observed between 2001 and 2019. We analyzed the spectra both individually, and after binning them by orbital phase to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The radial-velocity curve from the stacked data is similar to historical results, indicating the overall parameters of the binary have remained constant. However, the He ii line profile shows a correlation with the X-ray hardness-ratio values; also, we report a pronounced skewness of the line profile, and the skewness varies with orbital phase. These results support a paradigm wherein the He ii line tracks structures in the stellar wind that are produced by interactions with the BH’s ionizing radiation and the accretion flow. We compare the observable signatures of two alternative hypotheses proposed in the literature: wind irradiation plus shadowing, and accretion disk hotspot; and we explore how the line-profile variations fit into each of these models.
An 8.0% Determination of the Baryon Fraction in the Intergalactic Medium from Localized Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Wang Bao , Wei Jun-Jie
Published: February 2023

The dispersion measure (DM)–redshift relation of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been proposed as a potential new tool for probing the intergalactic medium (IGM) and for studying cosmology. However, poor knowledge of the baryon fraction in the IGM (f
IGM) and its degeneracy with cosmological parameters impose restrictions on the cosmological applications of FRBs. Furthermore, DMs contributed by the IGM (DMIGM) and host galaxy (DMhost), important cosmological quantities, cannot be exactly extracted from observations, which would bring uncontrolled systematic uncertainties in FRB cosmology. In this work, we use 17 localized FRBs to constrain f
IGM and its possible redshift evolution. Other cosmological probes such as type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, and cosmic microwave background radiation are combined to break parameter degeneracy. Taking into account the probability distributions of DMIGM and DMhost derived from the IllustrisTNG simulation, we obtain a robust measurement of f
IGM = 0.927 ± 0.075, representing a precision of 8.0%. We find that there is no strong evidence for the redshift dependence of f
IGM at the current observational data level. The rapid progress in localizing FRBs will significantly improve the constraints on f
IGM.
The [S ii] Spectral Images of the Planetary Nebula NGC 7009. II. Major Axis
Authors: Hyung Siek , Lee Seong-Jae , Otsuka Masaaki
Published: February 2023

We derived position–velocity density distribution diagrams along the major (PA = 77°) axis of the elliptical planetary nebula NGC 7009 with the Keck HIRES [S ii] 6716/6731 Å doublet spectral images. The average densities of the main shell and knots of NGC 7009 derived from the [S ii] 6716/6731 Å fluxes integrated over the line of sight indicate a density range of N

e
= 103.4 to 103.9 cm−3, while the local densities from the volume fraction resolved in radial velocities along the line of sight show a considerably large range of about 102.8–104.7 cm−3. The derived projection angle of the major axis of the main shell is ψ ∼ 18.3° (±2°). Assuming that the main shell is an ellipsoidal shell with a ≃ 16″ and b ≃ 6″, we found the range of the expansion velocity, radius, and latitude of four knots and a hot bubble. The four knots at points in symmetrical positions are roughly aligned with the same axis of expansion of latitudes ϕ ∼ ±34.5° (±0.6°): one pair expands at about 35 km s−1 close to the main ellipsoidal shell, and the other expands rapidly at about 60 km s−1 at a distance of r ∼ 16″. In the latitude range ϕ = 65°–75°, the hot bubble of a relatively large structure expands rapidly with a velocity of 130–150 km s−1. The four knots and hot bubble points, which expand faster than the main shell, appear to have been formed by two to three eruptions at a different epoch from the primary structure formation.
L’intégration des enjeux de la logique de parcours dans les politiques publiques en santé : une lecture au prisme des régimes de gouvernementalité
Authors: Aubert Isabelle , Kletz Frédéric , Sardas Jean-Claude
Published: February 2023

Conçue en opposition à la logique à l’acte, la logique de parcours imprègne les réformes de l’organisation et du financement du système de santé français depuis une quinzaine d’années. Elle s’inscrit dans le prolongement des efforts menés depuis plusieurs décennies pour améliorer la continuité et la cohérence des prises en charge des patients. Notre objectif est d’analyser les évolutions de l’action publique sanitaire induites par la promotion de cette nouvelle approche, en caractérisant les éléments de continuité et de rupture par rapport à la doctrine et aux politiques publiques antérieures. Pour traiter ce sujet, nous mobilisons le cadre d’analyse foucaldien des « régimes de gouvernementalité » (Aggeri, 2005), en privilégiant l’étude des instruments déployés par les pouvoirs publics (Lascoumes et Simard, 2011). Nous souhaitons montrer comment les politiques publiques sanitaires se cristallisent historiquement dans des régimes successifs, articulant le couplage entre une rationalité dominante et une instrumentation, et comment la logique de parcours s’inscrit dans ce mouvement. Notre méthodologie est qualitative, et s’appuie sur une étude longitudinale des politiques publiques sanitaires (Langley et al. , 2013) et une étude de cas (Yin, 2014) sur le déploiement par une Agence Régionale de Santé d’un outil numérique de coordination entre professionnels. Nos résultats mettent en lumière la succession historique de quatre régimes de gouvernementalité sanitaire, dont nous définissons les caractéristiques, ainsi que l’incomplétude et l’incohérence partielle du régime actuel, sous-tendu par la logique de parcours.
Évaluation des politiques publiques : vers une pratique intégrée au pilotage de l’action publique
Authors: Goter Françoise , Khenniche Samia
Published: February 2023

L’évaluation des politiques publiques en France est soumise à un paradoxe : louée par l’ensemble des parties prenantes de l’action publique, elle n’est que faiblement pratiquée ; lorsqu’elle est pratiquée, elle n’alimente que peu le pilotage de l’action publique. À partir d’une recherche-intervention longitudinale réalisée de 2018 à 2020 concernant le dispositif public Atelier Santé Ville d’une métropole française, cet article s’interroge sur les apports d’une démarche d’évaluation articulée au pilotage de la performance et intégrant les parties prenantes. Après avoir mis en évidence les résultats de l’évaluation des impacts socio-économiques de ce dispositif public, nous proposons les caractéristiques de ce que pourrait être une évaluation participative et intégrée au pilotage de l’action publique.
Surgical Opioid Stewardship for Orthopedic Surgery: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Parker Dylan J. , Geist Heather , Yazdanyar Ali , Rosentel Joshua , McCambridge Matthew , Chestnut Victoria , Matthews Alisa , Liptak Melinda E. , Lebby Eric B. , Beauchamp Gillian A.
Published: February 2023

The aim of this quality improvement initiative was to reduce unnecessary opioid prescribing by sharing data with prescribers on opioid use by patients. In our study, transition of care clinicians performed follow-up phone calls to select postoperative orthopedic patients to determine opioid use. We implemented a standardized postoperative 7-day opioid wean and designed a dashboard to track the information gathered. We calculated descriptive statistics for continuous and categorical variables. In the initial assessment of opioid use by orthopedic patients, the study consisted of 296 patients with a mean age of 64.8±11.4 years, 147 females (49.7%) and 149 males (50.3%), 59.1% joint replacements (hip, knee, shoulder), and 40.9% spine surgeries (lumbar decompression, cervical fusion, hemilaminectomy). Among those prescribed an opioid, 50% received a prescription for 30 pills or less and 52.4% reported taking more than 80% of the opioid pills, while 35.1% reported taking less than 60%. In the prescribing quality improvement assessment, there were a total of 1547 hospitalizations for joint replacement surgeries from June 2018 to June 2020: 774 (50.0%) hips and 773 (50.0%) knees. There was a significant difference in morphine milligram equivalents per day and quantity prescribed when comparing the preintervention period with the postintervention period without significant increases in opioid refill requests or return visit rates. In our study, sharing data around patient opioid use and provider-facing prescribing metrics reduced postoperative opioid prescribing without significantly increasing opioid refill or emergency department return visit rates. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(4):e230–e236.]
Evaluation of the Effects of Myopic Astigmatism Correction and Anterior Corneal Curvature on Functional Optical Zone After SMILE
Authors: Wang Xueqing , Xia Likun
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the influence of different degrees of myopic astigmatism correction and preoperative anterior corneal curvature on the functional optical zone (FOZ) following small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods:

In this retrospective study, 68 patients (106 eyes) treated with SMILE were grouped according to myopic astigmatism correction: control (0.00 diopters [D]), moderate astigmatism (−0.50 to −2.00 D), and high astigmatism (> −2.00 D). The FOZ was measured and compared between the three groups for 3 months. Correlations between attempted correction, anterior corneal curvature, corneal aberrations, and the FOZ were analyzed.

Results:

The preoperative mean treatment spherical equivalent was comparable among the three groups. The average FOZ was 5.06 ± 0.24 mm in the control group, 5.19 ± 0.25 mm in the moderate astigmatism group, and 5.35 ± 0.20 mm in the high astigmatism group The FOZ showed statistically significant differences among the three groups (
P
< .001), particularly between the high astigmatism group and the other two groups (
P
< .001 and .018). Correlation analysis showed that the total higher order aberrations, coma, and spherical aberration change were correlated with the FOZ (
P
< .001). Preoperative steep keratometry, average keratometry, and corneal astigmatism were significantly correlated with the FOZ (
P
< .05). The correlation remained after excluding the influence of attempted correction on the FOZ (
P
< .05). After adjusting for other risk factors using multiple linear regression analysis, there was still a significant positive association between preoperative steep keratometry and the FOZ (
P
< .001).

Conclusions:

Patients with higher myopic astigmatism achieved a larger FOZ and less induced horizontal coma than the control and moderate astigmatism groups. A larger FOZ after SMILE can be achieved in eyes with steeper keratometry.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(2):135–141.]
Pediatric Obesity: Primary Care Perspective and Prevention
Authors: Jimenez Amanda , Littlejohn Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

In 1997, the World Health Organization declared obesity a global epidemic. Despite multiple efforts, obesity rates have been exponentially increasing for the past few decades. In the last few years, obesity rates have reached an alarming number. Multiple factors play a role in pediatric obesity, such as diet, sedentarism, and poor sleep, as well as psychosocial and environmental factors. Pediatricians and primary care providers are key in the management of overweight and obesity. They have the advantage of observing children over a long period of time, having a family centered perspective, and often being seen as a reliable source of information. Studies have shown that not only is obesity underdiagnosed, but there is a lack of knowledge among physicians and available resources regarding pediatric obesity. This article reviews the principles of prevention in a primary care outpatient setting. Additionally, it discusses some of the challenges commonly faced when addressing pediatric obesity.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(2):e51–e56.]
Spatiotemporal patterns and multiple bifurcations of a reaction- diffusion model for hair follicle spacing
Authors: Zhang Zhili , Wan Aying , Lin Hongyan
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the dynamical behaviors of a 2-component coupled diffusive system modeling hair follicle spacing is considered. For the corresponding ODEs, we not only consider the stability and instability of the unique positive equilibrium solutions, but also show the existence of unstable Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions. For the reaction-diffusion equations, we are mainly interested in the Turing instability of the positive equilibrium solution, as well as Hopf bifurcations and steady-state bifurcations. Our results showed that, under certain conditions, the reaction-diffusion system not only has Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions (both spatially homogeneous and non-homogeneous, all unstable), but it also has non-constant positive bifurcating equilibrium solutions. This allows for a clearer understanding of the mechanism for the spatiotemporal patterns of this particular system.
Application of fuzzy Malliavin calculus in hedging fixed strike lookback option
Authors: Liu Kefan , Chen Jingyao , Zhang Jichao , Yang Yueting
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we develop a Malliavin calculus approach for hedging a fixed strike lookback option in fuzzy space. Due to the uncertainty in financial markets, it is not accurate to describe the problems of option pricing and hedging in terms of randomness alone. We consider a fuzzy pricing model by introducing a fuzzy stochastic differential equation with Skorohod sense. In this way, our model simultaneously involves randomness and fuzziness. A well-known hedging strategy for vanilla options is so-called $ \Delta $-hedging, which is usually derived from the Itô formula and some properties of partial differentiable equations. However, when dealing with some complex path-dependent options (such as lookback options), the major challenge is that the payoff function of these options may not be smooth, resulting in the estimates are computationally expensive. With the help of the Malliavin derivative and the Clark-Ocone formula, the difficulty will be readily solved, and it is also possible to apply this hedging strategy to fuzzy space. To obtain the explicit expression of the fuzzy hedging portfolio for lookback options, we adopt the Esscher transform and reflection principle techniques, which are beneficial to the calculation of the conditional expectation of fuzzy random variables and the payoff function with extremum, respectively. Some numerical examples are performed to analyze the sensitivity of the fuzzy hedging portfolio concerning model parameters and give the permissible range of the expected hedging portfolio of lookback options with uncertainty by a financial investor's subjective judgment.
Diabetic striatopathy: An uncommon complication of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Seyon S. , Peranantharajah T. , Nalayini J. , Ajantha K. , Rushanthini S. , Pirannavan R.
Published: February 2023

Diabetic striatopathy is an uncommon neurological manifestation of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. A case of a 74-year-old woman is presented here. She presented with abnormal movements of left upper and lower limbs and was found to have high index blood sugar. Non contrast CT brain showed hyperdense area in right striatal region. Based on clinical presentation, high blood sugar and radiological finding, she was diagnosed with diabetic striatopathy. The radiological abnormality and the symptoms improved rapidly and remarkably with strict glycaemic control.
Aortic dissection presenting as inferior ST elevation myocardial infarction and Importance of early echocardiography
Authors: Yathukulan S. , Gunapala A. , Charles J. C.
Published: February 2023

We describe a case of a 70 years old female patient in whom an initial diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) revealed to be finally an acute aortic dissection. This case report emphasizes the importance to maintain a high grade of suspicion of aortic dissection as a possible alternative in presence of electrocardiographic myocardial ischemic changes. In many medical centers where thrombolytic therapy, antiplatelet receptor blockers, heparin or percutaneous coronary angioplasty is the first line therapy for ACS the outcome may be catastrophic in situation such as in aortic dissection.
Evidence that High-Affinity IgE Can Develop in the Germinal Center in the Absence of an IgG1-Switched Intermediate
Authors: Chen Qiang , Liu Hong , Luling Noelle , Reinke Julia , Dent Alexander L
Published: February 2023

High-affinity allergen-specific IgE is essential for the severe allergic anaphylaxis response. High-affinity Abs are formed by successive rounds of selection of Ag-specific B cells in the germinal center (GC); however, several studies have shown that IgE+ GC B cells are impaired in their ability to undergo selection in the GC. A pathway, known as the “indirect switching pathway” for IgE, has been described whereby Ag-specific B cells initially switch to the IgG1 isotype and undergo affinity selection in the GC, with a secondary switch to the IgE isotype after affinity selection. In previous work, using a food allergy model in mice, we investigated how high-affinity IgE develops in the GC, but we did not test the indirect switching model. In this study, we analyzed the importance of the indirect switching pathway by constructing IgG1-cre Bcl6-fl/fl mice. In these mice, once B cells switch to IgG1, they delete Bcl6 and thus cannot enter or persist in the GC. When we tested IgG1-cre Bcl6-fl/fl mice with our food allergy model, we found that, as expected, IgG1 Abs had decreased affinity, but unexpectedly, the affinity of IgE for allergen was unchanged. IgG1-cre Bcl6-fl/fl mice underwent anaphylaxis in response to allergen, consistent with the formation of high-affinity IgE. Thus, in a food allergy response, high-affinity IgE can be efficiently formed in the absence of indirect switching to IgG1, either by direct selection of IgE+ GC B cells or indirect selection of IgM+ GC B cells that later switch to IgE.
Child health promotion during the COVID-19 pandemic: A health and welfare sector collaboration
Authors: Ntshingila Nompumelelo , Du Plessis-Faurie Alida S.
Published: February 2023

Background: Fragmented service provision and a lack of efficient cooperation between health and welfare sectors serving children and families remain ongoing challenges in South Africa. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic escalated this fragmentation. A community of practice (CoP) was established by the Centre for Social Development in Africa to promote collaboration between the sectors and to assist communities in their environments.Aim: To explore and describe collaboration on child health promotion between professional nurses and social workers, who formed part of the CoP during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: The study was conducted in five public schools from four of the seven district regions of the City of Johannesburg, Gauteng province.Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive research design was employed to conduct psychosocial and health screenings of children and their families. Focus group interviews were conducted, and field notes were used to collect and confirm data from the team.Results: Four themes emerged. Participants shared their positive and negative experiences faced during the fieldwork, their realisation of the value of collaboration between various sectors and their desire and capacity to do more.Conclusion: Participants indicated that collaboration between the health and welfare sectors is vital to support and promote the health of children and their families. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for collaboration between these sectors in the children and their families’ ongoing struggles.Contribution: The importance of these sectors being engaged as a team highlighted the multisectoral influence shaping child development outcomes, supporting children’s human rights and advancing social and economic justice.