bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Боротьба за скликання Помісного собору Автокефальної Православної Церкви у Польщі в другій половині 20-х – 30-х роках ХХ століття
Authors: Нерода Інна
Published: October 2022

Метою статті є дослідження особливостей процесу боротьби за скликання Помісного собору Автокефальної Православної Церкви в Польщі (АПЦП) у другій половині 20-х – 30-х роках ХХ століття, метою якого було врегулювання її правового статусу і майнового положення. Авторкою проаналізовано архівні документи, матеріали тогочасної періодичної преси та видань, в яких висвітлювалися проблеми щодо скликання Помісного собору АПЦП. Методологія дослідження. Методологічну основу статті склали принципи історизму, об’єктивності, системності, міждисциплінарного підходу. Застосовано загальнонаукові, спеціально-історичні та міждисциплінарні методи. Кожен із них у конкретній ситуації був результативним і дозволив об’єктивно реконструювати процеси щодо скликання Помісного собору Автокефальної Православної Церкви у Польщі. Наукова новизна роботи полягає у тому, що авторка на основі архівних документів та матеріалів періодичної преси досліджуваного періоду з’ясувала особливості процесу боротьби за скликання Помісного собору АПЦП. Дослідження ґрунтується на новому джерельному матеріалі, який вперше вводиться до наукового вжитку. На відміну від попередніх робіт, присвячених цій темі, у статті більш рельєфно виявлена динаміка змін у релігійній політиці як Польської держави, так і Римо-католицького костелу щодо Православної церкви. Висновки. Після проголошення автокефалії Православна церква у Польщі потребувала врегулювання свого правового статусу та внутрішньої реорганізації. Вирішення цих питань було дуже важливим для забезпечення церковно-релігійних потреб православної громади. Перед православ’ям стояла ціла низка проблем. Їх вирішення залежало від польського уряду, православної ієрархії і вірян. Переплетення інтересів цих трьох основних чинників спрямовувало процес організаційного та правового становлення АПЦП. Наприкінці 20-х і 30-х роках ХХ ст. на захист інтересів АПЦП активно стали українські посли і сенатори. Вони домагалися задоволення потреб українського православного населення з трибун сейму і сенату, перед церковною та світською владою. Створене у 1931 році Волинське українське об’єднання (ВУО) та Товариство імені митрополита Петра Могили домагалися скликання Помісного собору АПЦП, який мав врегулювати її правовий статус і майнове становище. Однак на шляху скликання Собору зустрічалися перепони з боку православної ієрархії та польського уряду. Він так і не відбувся. Але постійні передсоборні приготування стали імпульсом до активізації православних вірян, які відстоювали права своєї Церкви.
URBAN ECO-RECONSTRUCTION OF THE NIZHNY POSAD DISTRICT IN VOLOGDA. STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
Authors:   Vologda State University, Radivilova Alexandra E. , Astanin Dmitry M. ,   Vologda State University,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: October 2022

In recent decades, the hot topic of urban planning is the reconstruction of existing development, increasing the quality of the environment to improve a number of social, urban planning and economic indicators. Attention to this topic is due to the poor quality of the urban environment, the potential accidence of housing, high maintenance costs, and accumulated incomplete repair.
Automated Test Station for Low-Pass Filter Cut-off Frequency Measurements
Authors: Baraza S. A. , Aminu K. T. , Ibrahim S. U.
Published: October 2022

The primary focus of this research paper is to study the automated test station to determine the cut-off frequency. The study was conducted for the low-pass filter in the frequency range 50Hz–100 KHz. Preliminary test was conducted using 10 filters whose cut-off frequencies were measured. The main blocks of the station are described, emphasizing some originality. The test results depict high degree of accuracy as such were manually checked to confirm the effectiveness of the test station. The automated test station was also developed to include provisions which allow the results to be stored in a spreadsheet file against each of the filter serial number. This is a unique feature of the measurement system
Evaluation of Geophysical and Geochemical Characteristics of Soil and Groundwater Resources in Yenagoa Environs, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Tekena Bunonyo Y. , Oritsebemigho Ulori , Omamode Marere
Published: October 2022

The problem of potable water has increased in recent time due to increase in population density, petroleum exploration activities and spillages along the creeks. Thus, three (3) Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were made using Schlumberger array in the study location to obtain geophysical data, using the ABEM SAS 1000 terrameter, in order to investigate the occurrence of groundwater in relation to the depth and thickness of viable aquifer. Six (6) surface water samples and six (6) subsoil samples were obtained from the study area. Both subsoil and surface water samples were analyzed to determine the concentration of contaminant. Analysis was performed using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscope (AAS) method which was compared with the World Health Organization Standard. Result and interpretation of analyses revealed high contaminant contents of lead (Pb) with values of subsoil samples at S2 (18 mg/l) and S6 (8.1302 mg/l), while Mn show very high concentration of contaminant values for all subsoil samples which exceeded the WHO permissible standard which indicates that aquifer may likely be polluted by intrusion. Cr for subsoil samples and Mn of surface water samples are likely within or slightly higher concentration value when compared with WHO limit. It is advisable to carry out proper water treatment from source and soil degradation, for potable drinking water and cultivation of agricultural product respectively.
Experimental Study of effect of Powder Coating thickness and layers on Hardness and Corrosion properties of Carbon Steel Material
Authors: Saragih Albert Daniel , Ninien H Sckolastika , Sutjipto Slamet , Masruri Deden , Amir Refrizal
Published: October 2022

Powder coating is one of the coating techniques that are widely used today as a substitute for coating using liquid painting. In this research, we report on the effect of the various layers of powder coating on the hardness and corrosion rate of the material. Three different layers of variation were observed with 1, 2, and 4 layers to obtain the best results. The cleaning process was applied before coating the samples. The coating process was performed in a special room/box to avoid contact with air and contamination from the outside environment with a spraying distance of about 20-30 cm. The morphology is compact and bigger grains are seen to be emerging in the 1 layer deposition. Many grains are visible, and uniform grains are distributed in the 2 layers deposited. For the 4 layers, due to higher layer deposition incorporation, the grain size is seen to be enlarged due to the merging of smaller grains with each other ultimately increasing the grain size. The uncoated material has a corrosion rate of 0.505 mm/year which means fair for the relative corrosion resistance. The coated samples have a corrosion rate of 0.353, 0.252, and 0.354 mm/year for the 1 layer, 2 layers, and 4 layers, respectively. Based on the calculation, the average number of the Rockwell hardness of un-coated and coated samples for the 1 layer, 2 layers, and 4 layers, respectively were estimated at about 70, 78, 79, and 58 HRB, respectively. The highest average hardness value is in sample B with 2 layers of 79 HRB. The lowest average hardness value is in sample B with 2 layers of 58 HRB. The lowest performance of sample D with 4 layers confirms the result as shown in the corrosion rate result.
Registration Challenges of Built Environment Professions into Professional Institutions
Authors: Obaju Biodun , Musa Shamsudeen , Abass J.O
Published: October 2022

Tertiary institutions offering Built Environment courses yearly produce graduates but few of these graduates are registered as professionals or are full members of professional institutions in Nigeria. This insufficient registered professional is therefore creating room for quacks and all comers to operate in the construction industry resulting in building failures, substandard work, rework and various quality issues. This study examines the registration challenges of built environment professions in becoming full members of professional institutions. The study adopted a quantitative and qualitative method of research targeted at different professions in the built environment. The results were analysed using percentages, mean response analysis, ranking and narrative analysis. The study revealed the overbearing cost of registration, examinations and interview charges, complexity of examination and interviewing processes/procedures, Imposed of pledge/donations on incoming professionals, rigorous practical work and technical report writing, overbearing cost of providing maximum numbers of CPD certificates of past workshops, seminars and conference and Insufficient link between professional bodies and academic institutions etc. as the major challenges hindering Built environment professions from registering into professional institutions. These challenges pose a great danger to the built environment professions and the construction industry because professionals are a valuable resource for achieving project delivery and their availability in large numbers will curb the activities of quacks, reduce poor workmanship and underperformance in the construction industry and also reduce economic loss and underdevelopment in the country
Inferring the purposes of passenger trips from GPS records
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Dhananjaya Dineth , Sivakumar Thillaiampalam ,   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Published: October 2022

A technological revolution has emerged in the context of mobility surveys with the widescale usability of wearable and onboard global positioning system (GPS) devices. Sri Lanka is also at the edge of utilizing these, in replacing the traditional methods. The earnestness' for this transition is supported by the deficiencies such as higher cost, higher nonresponses rates, over and under-reporting, and small sample sizes of traditional surveys. The activity that a passenger performs after a trip, or the purpose of a trip is a vital concern in transportation research as it is the reason behind the generation of travel demands. Hence, trip purpose inference from GPS data has become an important study area in this context [1]. Gong et al. [2] reviewing the existing trip purpose inference studies categorized the methodologies that had been used into three as rule-based, probabilistic, and machine learning-based. In this study, we utilized the GPS records of taxi trips from a popular service provider in the country as shown in Figure 1 in developing a suitable trip purpose inference approach.
Emotional intelligence as a stimulator of technology strategy for business success
Authors:   Department of Management of Technology, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Nanayakkara Samangi , Wickramasinghe Vathsala ,   Department of Management of Technology, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Samarasinghe Dinesh ,   Department of Industrial Management, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Published: October 2022

Effective improvement and execution of technologies require incredibly careful consideration not only to technological and engineering advancements and resulting capabilities, but also to human, raw materials, financial feasibility, and the reasonably competitive environment. The strategic management of technology (SMT) brings together engineering, scientific, and management disciplines to tackle the preparation, growth, and implementation of technical skills to form and serve a strategic and a functional purpose of a business.
Will the new circular external fixator ease the surgeon’s burden?
Authors:   Bionics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Widanage Kithmini ,   University of Sussex, United Kingdom, de Silva Manura ,   Bionics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Ranaweera Pubudu ,   Bionics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Lalithrathne Thilina ,   Imperial College London, United Kingdom, Dharmaratne Parakrama ,   National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Bull Anthony ,   Imperial College London, United Kingdom, Gopura Ruwan ,   Bionics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Published: October 2022

Sri Lanka, like many other low-middle income countries, has been a victim of conflict for a long time. While the country is still recovering from the internal conflict that plagued it for over three decades, the shadows of these dark days still haunt these lands. The Sri Lankan soil is still not completely rid of antipersonnel landmines which were once weaponized against military and civilians alike. A more recent terrorist attack that happened in 2019 rekindled this age-old fear against explosions in the hearts of Sri Lankans. While prevention of such disasters is important, realistically, it is the duty of engineering researchers to equip medical professionals with devices that can aid and expedite the treatments if and when such unfortunate disasters occur.
Evidence based HIV prevention strategic plan in a fragile setting: Mamfe Health District in focus
Authors: Julius Mekolle Enongene
Published: October 2022

An individual action is insufficient to stop HIV. Preventive measures must be tailored to the populations and countries they affect. This is particularly true in fragile contexts where persistent natural or man-made disasters pose a challenge to established health systems and policies. Effective HIV prevention programs can be created utilizing a well-considered combination of techniques to combat HIV transmission, and in this paper, I explore a number of strategies to motivate HIV preventative actions in Mamfe Health District.
Prevalence of anemia and its risk factors among supplemented and non-supplemented pregnant women in Sulaimani city Kurdistan-Iraq
Authors: Qadir Pirot Aras , M. Weli Sardar
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Background: Anaemia is a serious global public health problem that particularly affects pregnant women. It was estimated that 41.8% of pregnant women worldwide were anaemic.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to find out the prevalence of anemia and its associated risk factors among supplemented and non-supplemented pregnant women in Sulaimani city.  
Patient and methods: Sixty hundred and forty one samples were collected randomly from the pregnant and control women. Data concerned to age, education, residence, and obstetrical related factors were collected by face to face interview.  Finally, 5 ml of venous blood were collected from each pregnant woman for complete blood count, serum iron, serum ferritin, folic acid and vitamin B12 determination. 
Results: this study found that 74.2% and 34.9 of non-supplemented and supplemented pregnant women were anemic respectively. Factors such as; gestational age, gravidity, history of abortion, birth intervals, age, occupation, level of education, body mass index, family income and blood pressure were significantly associated with the rate of anaemia. There were differences between the rate of anemia among supplemented and non-supplemented pregnant women in all factors, the rates were decreased in the supplemented groups. The normal percentage of serum ferritin was very low; 16.5% and 38.4% among non-supplemented and supplemented anemic pregnant women respectively.
Conclusion: the prevalence of anemia was high among non-supplemented compared to supplemented pregnant women. The majority of anemia was mild type. All risk factors that are associated with anemia were decreased in supplemented compared to non-supplemented pregnant women. Most of the anemic cases in our result are iron deficient.
Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Route Selection from a Set of Recommended Touristic Activities
Authors: Orama Jonathan Ayebakuro , Moreno Antonio , Borras Joan
Published: October 2022

It is a known fact that the order in which touristic activities are experienced plays a role in how enjoyable they are. This is the reason why tourists prefer to book carefully prepared day tours on arrival to a new destination, as they allow them to see the essence of the destination while traversing scenic routes. Tours are great, but they are expensive, do not allow room for personal exploration, and are built as a one-size-fits-all which does not consider the individual preferences of the tourist. In contrast, it is possible to make an optimal selection and ordering of touristic activities from a larger set of possibilities that match a tourist’s personal preferences, balancing important aspects like diversity, spatial proximity, or degree of interest on popular places. We propose a multi-objective genetic algorithm that uses a weighted averaging operator to balance four diverse objective functions crafted to maintain diversity, proximity, interest on popularity, and cultural preference. The system has been evaluated against four baseline algorithms and found to perform significantly better for the specified purpose.
A Tableau Calculus for MaxSAT Based on Resolution
Authors: Li Shoulin , Coll Jordi , Habet Djamal , Li Chu-Min , Manyà Felip
Published: October 2022

We define a new MaxSAT tableau calculus based on resolution. Given a multiset of propositional clauses ϕ, we prove that the calculus is sound in the sense that if the minimum number of contradictions derived among the branches of a completed tableau for ϕ is m, then the minimum number of unsatisfied clauses in ϕ is m. We also prove that it is complete in the sense that if the minimum number of unsatisfied clauses in ϕ is m, then the minimum number of contradictions among the branches of any completed tableau for ϕ is m. Moreover, we describe how to extend the proposed calculus to solve Weighted Partial MaxSAT.
Synthetic Data for Anonymization in Secure Data Spaces for Federated Learning
Authors: Angulo Cecilio , Raya Cristóbal
Published: October 2022

Federated learning implies the integration of shared data. Privacy-enforcing platforms should be implemented to provide a secure environment for federated learning. We are proposing the integration of real world data from local data lakes and the generation and use of general synthetic data to simplify, eventually avoid, encryption or differential learning and use general architectures for data spaces.
Efficiency and Reliability Enhancement of High Pressure Die Casting Process Through a Digital Twin
Authors: Torres Pol , Abio Albert , Busqué Raquel , Brígido Albert , Cruz Sylvia Andrea , Da Silva Manel , Bonada Francesc
Published: October 2022

Several factors can contribute to the final part quality in a High Pressure Die Casting process, in terms of roughness, porosity and strength. The injection velocity, the cooling of the die and aluminium’s inlet temperature are some of the factors that can have a higher effect on the part quality. The new advances on process digitalization, sensortization and simulation tools, combined with artificial intelligence techniques allow developing a functional Digital Twin aimed to monitor in near real time the evolution of the temperature and pressure during the production cycle to detect possible anomalies and predict the final part properties, reducing the required quality control.
Garment Manipulation Dataset for Robot Learning by Demonstration Through a Virtual Reality Framework
Authors: Boix-Granell Arnau , Foix Sergi , Torras Carme
Published: October 2022

Being able to teach complex capabilities, such as folding garments, to a bi-manual robot is a very challenging task, which is often tackled using learning from demonstration datasets. The few garment folding datasets available nowadays to the robotics research community are either gathered from human demonstrations or generated through simulation. The former have the huge problem of perceiving human action and transferring it to the dynamic control of the robot, while the latter requires coding human motion into the simulator in open loop, resulting in far-from-realistic movements. In this article, we present a reduced but very accurate dataset of human cloth folding demonstrations. The dataset is collected through a novel virtual reality (VR) framework we propose, based on Unity’s 3D platform and the use of a HTC Vive Pro system. The framework is capable of simulating very realistic garments while allowing users to interact with them, in real time, through handheld controllers. By doing so, and thanks to the immersive experience, our framework gets rid of the gap between the human and robot perception-action loop, while simplifying data capture and resulting in more realistic samples.
Towards Cross-Sites Generalization for Prostate MRI Segmentation to Unseen Data
Authors: Ben Loussaief Eddardaa , Puig Domenec
Published: October 2022

Learning a model from multi-source data is a challenging and topical learning problem. Thus, generalization capacity has been proposed to deal with the domain shift (i.e. various imaging vendors, modalities, and protocols) across domains. This paper tackles the out-of-distribution generalization for prostate segmentation in MRI imaging. We propose a simple approach based on the pretraining-finetuning scheme to boost the deep neural network’s generalization to unseen data in prostate MRI segmentation. This paper introduces an objective loss that seeks to minimize cross-domain distribution by adapting Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence. To manifest the effectiveness of our approach, we perform experiments on a multi-source public dataset for prostate MRI imaging collected from six vendors. As a result, the proposed model can yield promising cross-domains generalization capacity to unseen target domain.
Automatic Outdoor Image Geolocation with Focal Modulation Networks
Authors: Murgese Fabio , Alcaina Gerard , Mülâyi˙m Mehmet Oğuz , Cerquides Jesus , Fernandez-Marquez Jose Luis
Published: October 2022

We address the problem of estimating a photo’s geographical location. Success in this estimation enables many impactful applications, like facilitating Disaster Management circumstances. However, this is also a very challenging task. Due to the complexity of the problem, we restrict the area of geolocation to a single city, treating geolocation as a classification problem where the districts of a city are the classes to be distinguished. In this paper, we exploit the Focal Modulation Network that is proven to perform effectively and efficiently in visual modeling for real-world applications. Experimental results on two diverse datasets, crawled from online sources, show the effectiveness of our approach. We can geolocate correctly more than two-thirds of test images from the larger dataset and about one-third from an experimental training dataset of a ten-times smaller size.
Parents’ mHealth App for promoting dyslexia biomarker detection in children at home or at school: Feasibility, Acceptability, Economic impact, Pilot Study and Survey Results
Authors: Eroglu Gunet , Köprülü Mertali , Karabacak Berdan
Published: October 2022

The use of mobile apps in diagnosing and improving health conditions has increased in recent years. If dyslexia isdiagnosed at 7 years old, dyslexic children’s lives should evolve in a better way. Therefore, dyslexia diagnosis at an early age is very important but mostly delayed to give a chance to overcome any maturation delays. In the literature, there is no clinically tested mobile app for dyslexia biomarker detection that can objectively monitor the child’s situation at home or at school. No other research assessed the feasibility and acceptability of using this kind of mobile app to detect dyslexia with a survey on dyslexic families. Many different dyslexia biomarker detection methods exist in the literature. These methods are based on questionnaires, MRI scans, PET scans, EEG scans, and eye-tracking scans using Machine Learning methods. Each of these methods has its own drawbacks, such as the psychometric tests taking more than 1 hour; MRI scans and eye tracking solutions being expensive and being difficult to collect data, and the results may not be accurate enough to generalize as dyslexia have many subtypes. Here we present a novel mobile app that has an embedded dyslexia biomarker based on Z-scored QEEG data that has accomplished a high accuracy rate in diagnosing dyslexia. The mobile app can be used at home by parents or teachers at school. We have collected data from 207 children (96 of them have dyslexia, 111 of them are typically developing) between 7-10 years old for 60 sessions during their neurofeedback sessions. The data consists of the eyes-open resting state 2-minute QEEG data from 14-channels. In order to standardize the data, the Z-scores are calculated. Using the ANN machine learning method, dyslexic/normal classification has been done with a high accuracy rate (98.8%). ANN yields the highest accuracy results with standardized QEEG data in the literature. Auto Train Brain is a novel mobile app that has dyslexia biomarker detection software embedded into it. A survey is created to assess the mobile app’s dyslexia biomarker detection module’s feasibility, acceptability, and economic impact. The results have shown that the app module is found feasible and acceptable by families, however, it is found expensive to use at home.
Measuring the Perception of Secondary School Students in Kedah Towards the Attractiveness of Technical and Vocational Education and Training: A Demographic Analysis
Authors: Hong Chia Ming , Abidin Norhaslinda Zainal , Ch'ng Chee Keong , Roslan Teh Raihana Nazirah
Published: October 2022

Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is one of the ways to produce skilled workers who are crucial to drive the economic of our country. Despite several strategies made by the government, TVET still does not seem to be a popular choice among secondary school students when choosing their tertiary education pathway. Hence, this study aims to analyse the students’ perception of TVET based on the demographic analysis of gender and current study stream in school in Kedah. The sole focus is on the students who are not enrolling in TVET so that more reasons why they are not likely to join TVET can be discovered. For the data collection process, 428 secondary school students from Kedah are chosen as the respondents. Descriptive analysis of the data is performed using Microsoft Excel and Google Data Studio. The results reveal that male and female students have positive perceptions of TVET even though they do not enrol in TVET. Furthermore, most students from various streams also show their interest in TVET. However, the majority of students are undecided about the assertions in the questionnaire due to unfamiliarity with this course. As a result, it is recommended that the government continue promoting TVET among secondary school students hence preparing them with specific skills that meet the current industrial requirement.
Experimental design and numerical investigation of a photoacoustic sensor for a low-power, continuous-wave, laser-based frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: Sathiyamoorthy Krishnan , Kolios Michael
Published: October 2022

We have developed a photoacoustic (PA) sensor using a low-power, continuous- wave laser and a kHz-range microphone. The sensor is simple, flexible, cost-effective, and compatible with commercial optical microscopes. The sensor enables noncontact PA measurements through air, whereas most current existing PA techniques require an acoustic coupling liquid for detection. The PA sensor has three main components: one is the chamber that holds the sample, the second is a resonator column used to amplify the weak PA signals generated within the sample chamber, and the third is a microphone at the end of the resonator column to detect the amplified signals. The chamber size was designed to be 8  mm  ×  3  mm as the thermal diffusion length and viscous-thermal damping of air at room pressure and temperature are 2 and 1 mm, respectively. We numerically and experimentally examined the effect of the resonator column size on the frequency response of the PA sensor. The quality factor decreased significantly when the sample chamber size was reduced from 4  mm  ×  3  mm to 2  mm  ×  3  mm due to thermos-viscous damping of the air. The quality factor decreased by 27%, demonstrating the need for optimal design for the sample chamber and resonator column size. The system exhibited noise equivalent molecular sensitivity (NEM) per unit bandwidth (NEM  /    √  Δf) of ∼19,966  Hz  −  1/2 or 33  ×  10  −  21  mol or 33 zeptomol, which is an improvement of 2.2 times compared to the previous system design. This PA sensor has the potential for noncontact high-resolution PA imaging of materials without the need for coupling fluids. 
Metal-detected Late Iron Age and Early Medieval Brooches from the Limfjord Region, Northern Jutland: Production, Use and Loss.
Authors: Trier Christiansen Torben
Published: October 2022

Based on the study of 1,859 metal-detected brooches recovered at different sites in the Limfjord region, this paper discusses patterns of production, distribution, use, and deposition of brooches. Widespread indications of non-ferrous metalwork and a modest number of models for brooch production suggest that brooches were produced at many settlements in the region during the period studied (AD 400–1150), and traces of technical change and varying distribution patterns in the finished brooches suggest temporally as well as spatially differing modes of production. Furthermore, analyses suggests that most brooches were intact when they entered the soil, and seemingly random distribution patterns likely reflect the fact that many, perhaps most, were simply accidentally dropped. However, over and above, the interpretational difficulties are consequent on the recovery of all of the metal-detector finds in the plough layer detached from their original context. The interpretation of distribution patterns is at most sites also markedly challenged by the fact that many brooches, along with other metal artefacts, appear to having been secondarily deposited in the fields surrounding the settlements, probably during the manuring of the fields.
Detection System of Strawberry Ripeness Using K-Means
Authors: Indra Dolly , Satra Ramdan , Azis Huzain , Manga Abdul Rachman , L Harlinda
Published: October 2022

Strawberry is one type of fruit that is favored by the people of Indonesia. The detection process to identify strawberries can be done by utilizing advances in computer technology, One of them is in the field of digital image processing. In this study, we made a strawberry ripeness detection system using the values of Red, Green and Blue as the reference values, while for identification in determining the type of classification using the K-Means algorithm that uses the Euclidean distance difference as the reference. Based on the results of testing using the K-Means algorithm on 51 strawberry images consisting of ripe, semi ripe and raw fruit yielding an accuracy rate of 82.14%, we also conducted tests other than strawberry images as many as 8 images yielded an accuracy rate of 100%.
COGNITIVE DISTURBANCES AND THE STATE OF BRAIN GLIAL CELLS IN MICE EXPOSED TO FRACTIONATED WHOLE-BRAIN IRRADIATION
Authors:   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Zhirnik A.S. , Rodina A.V. ,   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Semochkina Yu.P. ,   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Vysotskaya O.V. ,   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Smirnova O.D. ,   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Ratushnyak M.G. ,   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Moskaleva E.Yu. ,   National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of fractionated whole-brain γ-irradiation at a cumulative dose of 20 Gy on cognitive functions, the state of brain glial cells and expression of multiple cytokines in mice 2 months after exposure. Material and methods: Male C57Bl/6 mice were exposed to fractionated head γ-irradiation with 5 doses of 4 Gy. Two months after irradiation the behavior and cognitive functions of animals were assessed. After isolation of cells from mice brains the content of resting and activated microglia, microglial cells with M1- and M2-phenotype, astrocytes, proliferating cells were evaluated, and the hippocampal mRNA levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, TGFβ) were determined. Results: It was shown that fractionated head γ-irradiation didn’t alter the locomotor activity and associative (context fear) memory, but reduced the episodic memory in novel object recognition test (discrimination index was 0.44 ± 0.08 и 0.02 ± 0.09 in control and irradiated groups, respectively) and spatial memory in Morris water maze (time in target quadrant was 46,8 ± 2,4 % and 37,4 ± 2,8 % in control and irradiated groups, respectively). Exposure of γ-radiation significantly reduced the brain contents of microglial cells (Iba1+) and astrocytes (GFAP+) with concurrent 2.5 times increase in proportion of activated microglia (from 2.0 ± 0.2 % in control to 4.9 ± 0.5 % in irradiated mice), changed the M1- / M2-microglia ratio and significantly decreased the number of proliferating cells (BrdU+) and proliferating microglial cells (BrdU+/Iba1+). An increase in mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, a decrease in mRNA level of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGFβ and concurrent increase in mRNA level of IL-4 were detected in hippocampus 2 months after irradiation. Conclusion: We show that fractionated head γ-irradiation at a cumulative dose of 20 Gy reduces the episodic and spatial memory in mice 2 months after exposure. Cognitive dysfunctions detected are associated with neuroinflammation characterized by increasing proportion of activated brain microglia and altered hippocampal pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine profile.
CONJUNCTURAL APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF LOW DOSE RADIATION RANGE WITH LOW LET IN FOREIGN REVIEW SOURCES: NO CHANGES FOR 18 YEARS
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Koterov A.N. , Wainson A.A. ,   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

The upper limit of low dose radiation with a low LET of 100 mGy, established in 2008 by international and internationally respected organizations UNSCEAR, ICRP, IAEA, NCRP (USA), BEIR (USA), DOE (USA), etc., is used by these organizations and programs at low doses (European MELODI and others) to date (documents 2019–2021). Researchers from Russia in the last decade adhere to this boundary quite strictly. The conducted systematic review showed that leading foreign radiation epidemiologists from more than ten Western countries and Japan in their review publications for 2008–2022 (on the example of two themes: the rate mortality from diseases of the circulatory system and the rate of cataracts after irradiation – 54 sources in total) in 81 % of cases incorrectly (usually greatly overestimating) determine the limit of low dose radiation or do not mention it at all, although they consider the ‘effects of low doses’. In 41 % of review sources, the term ‘low dose’ or ‘low level’ was reflected in the title, but only 36 % of these had a correct definition of low doses. Given the high international and national authority of the authors of the reviewed sources, the revealed incorrectness, apparently, cannot be accidental or be explained by lack of information (at least for the first authors). They are probably associated with unscientific reasons of a subjective and conjunctural nature, due to the desire to ‘prove’ the effects of low doses by any means, even by overestimating the value of their range, as it was decades ago.
POSSIBILITIES OF MODERN RADIATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC CANCER
Authors:   P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Moskvicheva L.I. , Medvedev S.V. ,   P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Bolotina L.V. ,   P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Until now, malignant neoplasms of the pancreas remain a very important oncological problem, which is determined by the long subclinical course of the disease, the primary diagnosis of most tumors already at advanced stages, as well as the pronounced effect of this pathology on the functional status and overall quality of life of patients. No more than a quarter of patients with pancreatic cancer can be operated on. The remaining significant part of patients receive palliative anticancer treatment and/or symptomatic therapy. Purpose: The purpose of this work is to analyze the possibilities of modern methods of radiation therapy in patients with pancreatic cancer based on the analysis of scientific sources of the Internet resource National Center for Biotechnology Information. Sections: This article describes the role of preoperative chemoradiotherapy using 3D-conformal techniques in patients with localized and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy as an adjuvant component, and the possibilities of this method in patients with locally advanced disease. The advantages of modern radiotherapy regimens are demonstrated: with modulated intensity or volume intensity modulation by arches, stereotaxic technique, proton and adaptive MR-guided radiation therapy. The international experience of brachytherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer was analyzed. Conclusion: Modern methods of radiotherapy are widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of patients with adenogenic pancreatic cancer. The implementation of various options for radiation or chemoradiation therapy can significantly increase the survival rates of patients with localized, borderline resectable and locally advanced process, the frequency of achieving local tumor control and its duration, as well as improve the quality of life of patients by reducing the severity of abdominal pain syndrome. Constant improvement in the technique of radiation treatment contributes to a natural decrease in the frequency of early and late radiation reactions.
NEOADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY WITH CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY IMPROVES THE SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED RECTAL CANCER
Authors:   Department of Coloproctology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Kuzmichev D.V. , Mamedli Z.Z. ,   Department of Coloproctology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Chernih M.V. ,   Department of Radiation Oncology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Tryakin A.A. ,   Department of Chemotherapy of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Polinovskiy A.V. ,   Department of Coloproctology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Aliev V.A. ,   Department of Coloproctology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Kozlov N.A. ,   Department of Pathological anatomy of human tumors of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia, Aniskin A.A. ,   Department of Coloproctology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Consideration of the long-term three-year results of combined treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer using preoperative chemoradiotherapy and consolidating chemotherapy. Material and methods: Patients aged >18 with histologycally verified MRI-staged low and medium T3(CRM+)‒4N0‒2M0 rectal cancer were included. In the study group patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy 52‒56 Gy in 2 Gy fractions with capecitabine 850 mg/m2 per os two times a day and followed by 4 cycles in СapOx regimen. In the control group, similar chemoradiotherapy was performed without consolidating chemotherapy. The study group consisted of 105 patients, and the control group consisted of 99 patients. The median follow-up was 42.4 months. Results: The full planned course of preoperative treatment was carried out in 201 (98.5 %) patients. Progression of the disease after the neoadjuvant therapy was not detected in any patient. A complete pathological response in the tumor was registered in 29 (15.1 %) patients, and a complete clinical response in 12 (6 %) patients. In the study and control groups, these indicators were (20 % vs. 10.3 %, p=0.04) and (9.5 % vs. 2 %, p=0.01), respectively. Local relapses in the study were registered in 18 (8.8 %) patients, and distant metastases in 53 (26 %) patients. In the study and control groups, local relapse and distant metastases developed in 4.8 % vs. 13.1 % (p=0.03) and 20 % vs. 32.3 % (p=0.04), respectively. The overall three-year survival rate in patients in the study group was 92.9 %, in the control group 79.7 % (HR 0.2, 95 % CI 0.03‒0.24, p=0.01). Three-year relapse-free survival in patients in the study group was 75.5 %, and in the control group 59.6 % (HR 0.2, 95 % CI 0.05‒0.32, p=0.01). Conclusion: Up to date, the strategy of combined neoadjuvant treatment seems to be the most promising. With a high degree of probability, this approach in the treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer may become a new standard of therapy with a similar treatment algorithm.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC QUALITY OF BREAST MRI USING INNOVATIVE WIRELESS COILS
Authors:   V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Anpilogova K.S. , Puchnin V.M. ,   National Research University ITMO, Faculty of Physics and Technology, St. Petersburg, Russia, Trufanov G.E. ,   V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Efimtsev A.Yu. ,   V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Fokin V.A. ,   V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Shchelokova A.V. ,   National Research University ITMO, Faculty of Physics and Technology, St. Petersburg, Russia, Andreichenko A.E. ,   National Research University ITMO, Faculty of Physics and Technology, St. Petersburg, Russia,   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Department of Health of Moscow, Russia, Bobrovskaya T.M. ,   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Department of Health of Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose Determination of the diagnostic capabilities of metadevices for breast MR examination in women. Material and methods In the study, two types of metadevices for examining the mammary glands were considered – for imaging in a field with magnetic induction of 3 T and 1.5 T. 11 healthy women of reproductive age were examined, magnetic resonance images of T1 (turbo spin echo) and T1 3D gradient echo (GRE) were obtained based on the Dixon method with fat saturation. The images were evaluated by radiologists on a 5-point Likert scale. Results The images obtained using the metadevices were characterized by acceptable and comparable absolute and relative signal-to-noise ratios comparing them to images obtained using a standard coil at the same spatial resolution and with a decrease in input power by an average of 27 times for 3.0 T. At the same time, for 1.5 T, the input power was reduced by a factor of 15.6, and the signal-to-noise ratio was increased by a factor of 2. For image quality criteria in terms of presence/absence of artifacts, the average score for the metadevice was higher than the score for the specialized coil by 3 T. For 1.5 T, this parameter turned out to be the same, which was probably associated with a lower level of artifacts by 1.5 T than by 3 T in general. Discussion Analysis of the collected assessments of independent experts indicates that the diagnostic characteristics of magnetic resonance images of the mammary glands obtained using ceramic-based (for 3 T) and wire-based (for 1.5 T) metadevices are of a good and average level, and are comparable in terms of all criteria with standard approaches. Conclusions The assessment of the quality of the obtained images demonstrates the acceptable quality of imaging and reflects the possibility of their application in clinical practice, taking into account ongoing improvements and optimization of the entire set of pulse sequences for MRI of the mammary glands.
APPLICATION OF ULTRASONIC OSTEOMETRY METHOD FOR SCREENING-DIAGNOSIS AND EFFICIENCY OF THE OSTEOPOROSIS THERAPY
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia, Busurin V.I. , Kudryavtsev P.S. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Development of an algorithm screening diagnostics of osteoporosis with use of ultrasonic osteometers based on complex data analysis of external instrumental investigations and the anamnesis data. Material and methods: The material including data of complex researches of 53 women aged from 20 up to 75 years, such as results of external inspection and anamnesis and data of instrumental researches was used: ultrasonic osteometry of a calcaneal bone and two energy x-ray densitometry inspection of lumbar area. Results: The developed complex processing procedure of data based on data of external inspection, the anamnesis and an ultrasonic osteometry leads to the acceptable level of false-negative and false positive errors of diagnostics when comparing with data of x-ray two-energy densitometry. Conclusions: The comparative analysis of accuracy of assessment of patient’s distribution on risk groups based on data of external inspection and the anamnesis with data densitometry is carried out. The comparative analysis of accuracy on risk groups based on data of an ultrasonic osteometry with data densitometry is carried out. It was shown that the level of errors when using these two tool techniques is rather high. The complex rule of creation of risk groups based on data of external inspection, the anamnesis and an ultrasonic osteometry which showed good correlation with data of measurements with use two-energy x-ray densitometry is developed. The conversion function given the received complex decisive rule in the T scale – parameter, compatible to the estimates received at two-energy x-ray densitometry is constructed.
Development of a TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR assay to detect Metschnikowia bicuspidata in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Liu H , Xu X , Bai X , Li Y , Wang J , Lv A , Luo Z
Published: October 2022

Milky disease of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis caused by Metschnikowia bicuspidata is a novel disease with high mortality. No effective treatment is currently available, but a rapid, accurate detection method is required for the prevention and control of the disease. In this study, the genome-sequencing results of M. bicuspidata and similar species were used for comparative genomic analysis for genes specific to M. bicuspidata. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection method for M. bicuspidata was then established using the specific primers and probes designed according to the sequence of a hypothetical protein gene specific to M. bicuspidata. The assay was found to have a high degree of repeatability and reproducibility, with a linear dynamic range (R2 = 0.998) extending over 9 log10 dilutions and a high efficiency (100.7%). Furthermore, the method showed high sensitivity, being able to detect at least 11.3 copies μl-1 of recombinant plasmid, and strong specificity, without any cross-reaction with any of the 9 species of yeast that are closely related to M. bicuspidata or any of 16 species of pathogenic bacteria commonly observed in aquatic animals. The established method was used to examine 138 apparently healthy crabs collected from 22 farms, with 21 samples (15.2%) found to be M. bicuspidata-positive. Thus, the developed qPCR assay is a specific, sensitive, stable, and rapid diagnostic method for the detection and quantification of M. bicuspidata DNA from E. sinensis tissues.