bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pencurian Data dan Informasi di Media Sosial Melalui Informasi Hoax: Studi Kasus pada Media Sosial Facebook
Authors: Vebryto Ramadhika , Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: July 2020

Adanya madia sosial Facebook dan munculnya informasi hoax seakan-akan tidak bisa dipisahkan. Facebook sebagai media social terbesar sangat berpotensi dan menjadi lahan subur bagi berkembangnya informasi hoax, termasuk pencurian data dan informasi seseorang melalui informasi hoax yangdisebar oleh orang-orang yang tidak bertanggungjawab. Tujuan penelitian ini guna mengetahui bagaimana hoaxbisa menjadi media pencurian data dan informasi di media sosial online Facebook dalam kurun waktu tahun 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desktriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data hasil observarsi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan uses and gratifications dan teori ketergantungan media, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode pencurian data Facebook melalui hoax ini terjadi karena tingginya jumlah pengguna dan ketergantungan khalayak pada penggunaan media sosial Facebook. Selain itu, rendahnya kesadaran para pengguna facebook untuk melakukan verifikasi informasi yang mereka dapatkan. Selama tahun 2018, jumlah masyarakat atau khalayak pengguna media sosial facebook dengan mudahnya mempercayai berita bohong dan membagikannya. Hal ini memudahkan penyebaran hoax (fake news) atau berita dengan tautan jebakan (clickbait) ke situs lain yang merupakan media pencurian data. Dampak dari hal ini yaitu akan melemahkan sistem keamanan komputer dan jaringan pengguna Facebook.
Community Engagement in a Time of Confinement
Authors: Cattapan Alana , Acker-Verney Julianne M. , Dobrowolsky Alexandra , Findlay Tammy , Mandrona April
Published: July 2020

This article examines the significant constraints on, the necessity for, and the opportunities around community engagement in a time of confinement. We consider the compounded challenges faced by marginalized communities in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and we follow this with reflections on the triumphs and tensions of emergent engagement practices. We then describe four exercises that we conducted before the onset of the pandemic in a research project exploring public engagement from the ground up in relation to policy-making, and we suggest how the lessons learned may be applied to contemporary decision making. Our overall goal is to illustrate how and why community engagement is particularly pressing in the current crisis, as pandemic restrictions have added new dimensions to long-standing practices of containment. We argue that although these most recent forms of engagement are contested and complex, they are essential to ensuring that policy-making is built on processes of equity, access, and inclusion.
EUROPEAN FINANCIAL MARKET INTEGRATION: A CLOSER LOOK AT GOVERNMENT BONDS IN EUROZONE COUNTRIES
Authors: Alexandre Paulo , Dias Rui , Heliodoro Paula
Published: July 2020

This research aims to test the interdependencies between the Eurozone, US and Japanese debt markets, through the yields of 10-year sovereign bonds. The sample covers the period from 2002:01 to 2019:07. The analysis aims to provide answers to two questions: Has the global financial crisis accentuated the interdependencies in the Eurozone debt markets? If yes, how did it influence the movements in sovereign bond yields? The results suggest that the global financial crisis did not accentuate the levels of interdependence between the main Euro zone debt markets. In addition, the results suggest the existence of high movements in periods of crisis and not crisis. We also found that yields on PIIGS sovereign bonds decreased their interdependencies with their peers in the years 2002 to 2019, with the exception of the Greek debt market.
Challenges Faced by English Teachers: Implementation of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in Designing Assignments in East Indonesia
Authors: Ginting Aprilia Arnis , Kuswandono Paulus
Published: July 2020

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) have been implemented in Indonesia as part of the 21st Century learning to face Industry Revolution 4.0. The implementation of HOTS is also fully supported by the Minister of Education (MoE) considering, that those critical thinking skills are fundamental to facilitate the graduates with problem-solving and decision making. Nevertheless, very limited references discuss English teacher perceptions on the implementation of HOTS in terms of designing assignments for English learning. As HOTS implementation cannot be separated from the teachers’ role, the teachers are supposed to exhibit good skills in designing assignments by integrating HOTS aspects. The research question and objective of this study relate to the following issue: what are the challenges of designing HOTS assignments as perceived by English teachers in East Indonesia? The research participants were twenty Senior High School English teachers in Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The researchers developed our research instruments, namely questionnaire, class observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and interview. The data were subsequently cross-checked with the results from each instrument to triangulate the data consistency. This study indicated that the participants had a positive perception of designing HOTS assignments. However, the participants also faced challenges in its implementation. They were divided into three categories, namely: teachers’ knowledge, teachers’ preparation, and students’ limited ability. These findings also provided the reasons why English teachers need to construct positive awareness on the importance of HOTS in designing assignments to improve the quality of the English learning process.
In-Service EFL Teachers Engagement in Reflective Practice: What Tools do In-service Teachers Utilize to Reflect their Teaching?
Authors: Cholifah Anjar Nur , Asib Abdul , Suparno Suparno
Published: July 2020

As long-life learners, teachers should not stop learning and evaluating their teaching-learning process. One of the ways to evaluate or reflect a teacher’s teaching is by conducting reflective practice. Reflective practice or sometimes called reflective teaching is not a new concept. In the education field, reflective teaching has been enforced as a means to develop teacher professionalism. This study aims at reviewing some reflective practice tools utilized by in-service teachers in reflecting their classroom performance as an attempt to improve their teaching. Two in-service teachers with teaching experience ranging from 3-10 years are concerned with this research. Data gained through interviews. The data collected are compiled by applying Miles, Huberman, & Saldana’s (2014) interactive model data analysis. The results of data analysis reveal the individual differences among in-service teachers’ preference in doing reflection toward their teaching. The finding of this study leads in-service teachers to know kinds of tools used in reflective practice in their teaching-learning process to improve their teaching quality and learning outcomes.
NONSPECIFIC IMMUNITY IN BACTERIAL DYSBIOSIS AND BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
Authors: Gruzevskyy O.O. , Minukhin V.V. , Dzygal A.F.
Published: July 2020

Relevance. The state of dysbiosis and bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the formation of both systemic and local immune deficiency, which corresponds to the increase in the number of pathogenic microbiota. It is necessary to study the state of non-specific factors of cellular and humoral resistance in the development of bacterial dysbiosis and BV.

Objectives – to determine the state of nonspecific immunity in bacterial dysbiosis and BV on CD16-cells, as well as indicators in the blood and vaginal fluid phagocyte leukocytes activity (PhLA) and the content of the components of complement C3 and C4.

Material and methods. Data from 298 women were divided into groups according to index of pathogenic microbiota condition (IPMC) and the pathogenic microbiota indicator (PMI): normocenosis (n=53), dysbiosis I (n=128) and II degree (n=117), among the last allocated 83 patients with PMI>1 lg gE/sample, which was installed BV. Molecular genetic studies of posterolateral wall of the vagina epithelium scrapings was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Quantitatively determined by facultative and obligate anaerobic bacteria, myco- and ureaplasma, yeast-like fungi. Quantification of the cells CD16+ was performed using erythrocyte diagnosticum (LTD Granum, Ukraine). Traditional immunological methods determined by the PhLA, and components of complement C3 and C4 in blood and vaginal fluid. For statistical and regression analysis used the software Statistica 10 (StatSoft, Inc., USA).

Results. With the progression of dysbiosis has been an increase in the level of blood CD16-cells, which reached maximum at dysbiosis II degree (by 1.1-1.2 times; p≤0,005). With an increase in dysbiosis shows the formation of the phagocytosis failure, which was more common to BV and took place both at systemic and local levels (reducing the umbilical cord blood is 2.5 times 5.4 times in vaginal fluid). The complement components content were varied in the same way in the blood and vaginal fluid – increases in dysbiosis I degree and decreased with dysbiosis II degree, maximum degree, – in BV (C3 – 1.6 times in the blood and 5.0 times in vaginal secretions; p<0.001). Changes of the examined parameters was more pronounced at the local level, which contributed to the BV development.

Conclusions. With the progression of bacterial dysbiosis formed the insufficiency of non-specific immunity both at the system level and locally. Changes of the studied indicators in vaginal secretions was more pronounced, which contributed to the development of BV.
Panorámica concreta de las democracias Europeas
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: July 2020

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La Ley de Acción Sindical en la Empresa
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: July 2020

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Moral de la normalidad democrática
Authors: García Matías
Published: July 2020

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On the Divergence of Voiced Lateral Approximants in Indo-European languages
Authors: Telezhko G. M.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. This article is based on the results of a comparison of a number of Serbo-Croatian/Slovenian lexemes with a palatal lateral approximant [ʎ] and Western Slavic lexemes with a velarized lateral approximant [ɫ] with related lexemes in Slavic and other Indo-European (IE) languages. It is shown that the Balkan-Slavic [ʎ] irregularly corresponds to the phonemes [l'] and [j] of other Slavic languages and even some IE languages beyond the Slavic group. It is also shown that the West Slavic [ɫ] irregularly corresponds to the phonemes [l] and [w]/[v] of other Slavic and IE languages. Because of this irregularity, these phonetic correspondences are difficult to explain with local dialect features.

Methodology and sources. A model based on the generalization of instrumental studies that showed that palatal sounds are characterized by instability of articulation is proposed. This leads to their divergent evolution, transformation into sounds with different stable zones of articulation.

In the proposed model, the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) voiced lateral approximants *[ɫ] and *[ʎ], forming the opposition "hard consonant - soft consonant", in the process of phonetic evolution in IE languages were split into variants with a clearer articulation: velarized *[ɫ] > solid alveolar lateral [l] and bilabial fricative [w]; palatal *[ʎ] > soft alveolar lateral [l'] and palatal approximant [j]. Besides, the original consonants have survived in a number of languages.

Results and discussion. Examples of correspondences are given to suggest the presence of *[ɫ] and *[ʎ] in PIE and Common Slavic prototypes. The newly discovered etymological links, such as the links between Russian lexemes баня 'bath' and балий, бальник 'healer, sorcerer' are being discussed.

Conclusion. With the help of the mechanism of divergent evolution of the palatal lateral approximant *[ʎ] and the velarized lateral approximant *[ɫ] the irregularity of phonetic correspondences of voiced lateral approximants in Slavic languages can be uniformly explained.

Besides, the acceptance of *[ʎ] and *[ɫ] in PIE phonology also lets us to establish some previously undetected etymological relations.
Policy Forum: Assessing Party Platforms for Fiscal Credibility in the 2019 Federal Election
Authors: Askari Mostafa , Page Kevin
Published: July 2020

Party platforms are important. They signal what matters for political parties and with whom parties are engaging. Platforms can be used to predict government behaviour and are an important tool to hold a government to account. In the 2019 federal election, all the major parties released platform documents outlining an array of policy positions to address short- and medium-term policy challenges. For the first time, all political parties worked with the parliamentary budget officer and released independent costings of their major proposals. The Institute of Fiscal Studies and Democracy (IFSD) at the University of Ottawa provided an assessment of whether the fiscal plan—revenues, spending, and balances—and the economic and fiscal assumptions underlying each platform were realistic, responsible, and transparent. This article describes the approach taken by the IFSD to assess the fiscal credibility of party platforms, what was found, and the potential implications for governing in a minority Parliament and future elections.
GAAR in Action: An Empirical Study of Transaction Types and Judicial Attributes in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand
Authors: Hwong Thaddeus , Li Jinyan
Published: July 2020

The authors report the results of an empirical study on the general anti-avoidance rules (GAARs) in action in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. The study builds on a conceptual framework, developed by Tim Edgar, that classifies tax-avoidance transactions as falling into three types (tax-attributes creation, tax-attributes trading, and tax-attributes substitution) and considers the transaction types in connection with the attributes of judges and with the broader context of judicial decision making. To contextualize the empirical analysis, the authors provide a doctrinal analysis of both the countries' GAAR provisions and the judicial interpretation of GAARs, along with some examples of divergence and convergence among the three countries. The statistical results provide some modest support for Edgar's claim that the judiciary's institutional competence is limited when it comes to identifying tax avoidance in substitution cases and that Canada's GAAR could be improved through the incorporation of an economic substance test.
A Tax Policy Legacy: Tim Edgar's Contributions to Tax Scholarship and Tax Legislation
Authors: Krever Richard
Published: July 2020

Tim Edgar's passing in December 2016 dealt a severe blow to tax scholarship in Canada and globally, not to mention being a sad loss for this journal, to which he was a contributor for over three decades. Tim's books, journal articles, and book chapters spanned a wide spectrum of tax policy issues and have played a central role in helping policy makers, academics, and students understand some of the most conceptually and technically difficult areas of tax law. Tim's book on the taxation of financial arrangements, published by the Canadian Tax Foundation, is viewed by policy makers worldwide as the definitive authority on the subject, setting out a principled path to carving out the debt component of financial instruments and subjecting it to neutral accrual taxation. In a closely related area, his detailed analysis of the difficulties confronting policy makers who seek a neutral application of the goods and services tax (GST) to financial supplies is considered to be foundational work in the field, and his proposal to remove the tax from business-to-business supplies has been adopted directly in New Zealand and via an indirect mechanism in Singapore. Tim's work on the general anti-avoidance rule is cited time and again as a key treatment of the topic, while his proposal to extend thin capitalization rules to outbound investment has been adopted in Australia. Tim's comprehensive analysis of the Canadian pseudo-imputation system opens the door to a much-needed reconsideration of the system. The more challenging the subject matter, the deeper Tim investigated and methodically dissected the topic to arrive at reasoned recommendations for reform. Tim's work will continue to be read, cited, and applied in practice for many years.
A relevância de uma prática pedagógica inovadora no ensino de história na Escola de Ensino Médio Dr. Djalma da Cunha Batista
Authors: Frota Maria Rosineia da Silva
Published: July 2020

O Presente originou-se de uma pesquisa a qual objetivava verificar a prática dos docentes do ensino de história da escola Dr. Djalma da Cunha Batista, a qual versa sobre as potencialidades de uma metodologia inovadora na docência do ensino de história, buscando fundamentação para tal problematização em autores como: Vera Candal, Libâneo, Demerval Saviane e outros. O tipo de pesquisa é caraterizada como descritiva, e a abordagem foi quantitativa, fazendo uso de questionário e analisando os dados através de tabulação e gráfico estatístico. Foi verificado que os docentes que atuam na referida instituição de ensino fazem uso de uma metodologia inovadora e diferenciada e não apenas voltada para transposição didática; eles trabalham com projetos didáticos pensados, elaborados e executados junto à comunidade estudantil, os quais buscam retratar na prática os conteúdos propostos no plano de curso da disciplina. Realizam com isso uma associação e interação entre teoria e prática no tocante aos conteúdos, favorecendo de forma positiva a assimilação de conteúdos e uma aprendizagem pautada em bons resultados. Os dados estatísticos de rendimento escolar demonstram que a disciplina de história não se enquadra no quadro de disciplinas em nível crítico de aprendizagem, ou seja, com nível elevado de reprovação ou discentes com média abaixo do padrão de qualidade exigido, fato que demonstra que a metodologia aplicada pelos docentes da instituição do ensino de história em sua prática docente é adequada. Também foi demonstrado mediante dados coletados junto a equipe gestora, administrativa, pedagógica e discentes que os referidos docentes possuem responsabilidade e bom desempenho no exercício de suas funções profissionais. Sendo assim, a hipótese levantada previamente ao se elaborar projeto de pesquisa foi confirmada e afirma-se como positiva, ou seja, o uso de uma metodologia inovadora na prática docente do ensino de história é fundamental no resultado final da aprendizagem, exercendo influência relevante e significativa na prática docente.
Institucionalización del Congreso Federal Mexicano. Transición democrática y cambio organizacional
Authors: Valencia Escamilla Laura
Published: July 2020

En el documento se identifica cinco modelos de desarrollo del Congreso en México con base en el desarrollo y consolidación democráticas por un lado, y por el otro la transformación del proceso de institucionalización de la instancia representativa en el país. Las etapas por las que transita la propia organización parlamentaria son abordadas a partir del equilibrio entre poderes, el proceso de institucionalización de la estructura legislativa, la profesionalización de los órganos de decisión del Congreso y la introducción de esquemas de apertura parlamentaria. Mediante los procesos de integración del Congreso Mexicano, se abordará la composición legislativa de los grupos parlamentarios y la formación de mayorías; los cambios en las reglas del juego parlamentario en la revaloración de la estructura, organización y profesionalización del poder legislativo y el efecto de la introducción de mecanismos de transparencia y la rendición de cuentas en la relación entre representantes y representados a través de los diferentes sistemas de monitoreo y control ciudadano integrados a las nuevas tecnologías
Pengaruh Keragamaan Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen di HEPI Swalayan Kefamenanu
Authors: Korbaffo Yesus Armiro , Opat Didimus
Published: July 2020

Tujuan  dalam penelitian ini adalah: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel Keragaman Produk terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen pada  HEPI Swalayan Kefamenanu, Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen pada  HEPI Swalayan Kefamenanu,Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Keragaman Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen  pada HEPI Swalayan Kefamenanu.

Hasil Analisis Inferensial diketahui Hasil analisis menunjukkan  pengaruh  yang  signifikan  antara variabel keragaman produk terhadap variabel kepuasan konsumen di Hepi Swalayan Kefamenanu. Untuk itu, penetapan strategi keragaman sebuah produk harus mempertimbangkan kedalaman dan lebar, kualitas produk dan ketersediaan produk, yang dapat berpengaruh pada kepuasan konsumen di Hepi Swalayan Kefamenanu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan  pengaruh  yang  signifikan  antara variabel kualitas pelayanan   terhadap  variabel kepuasan konsumen di Hepi Swalayan Kefamenanu.  Untuk itu dalam mencapai kualitas pelayanan yang baik harus memperhatikan pemenuhan kebutuhan konsumen, pemenuhan keinginan konsumen, ketepatan memberi informasi pelayanan. Yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen di Hepi Swalayan Kefamenanu.

Hasil analisis menunjukkan  pengaruh  yang  signifikan  antara variabel keragaman produk dan variabel kualitas pelayanan  terhadap variabel kepuasan konsumen di Hepi Swalayan Kefamenanu.  Untuk itu, dalam penetapan strategi keragaman produk dan kualitas pelayanan perlu mempertimbangkan dan meningkatkan  ketersediaan produk, kualitas produk, kebutuhan konsumen dan keinginan konsumen agar adanya kepuasan konsumen di Hepi Swalayan Kefamenanu

 Kata kunci  : Kepuasa, Keragaman dan kualitas
PENGARUH KUALITAS INFORMASI, RELATIONSHIP MARKETING DAN EKUITAS MEREK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN CREAM FAIR DAN LOVELY
Authors: Korbaffo Yesus Armiro
Published: July 2020

Abatraksi

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas informasi (X1) terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y) Cream Fair and Lovely, Untuk mengetahui pengaruh relationship marketing (X2) terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y) Cream Fair and Lovely, Untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekuitas merek (X3) terhdap keputusan pembelian (Y) Cream Fair and Lovely dan terakir Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas informasi (X1), relationship marketing (X2), dan ekuitas merek (X3) terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y) Cream Fair and Lovely. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitioan ini sebanyak 70 responden. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis statistic deskriptif dan statistic Inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif Kualitas Informasi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Toko Jabal Sur. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 9,766 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000<0,05; dan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,798; terdapat pengaruh positif   Relationship Marketing kerja terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Responden   pada Toko Jabal Sur. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 17,185 dengan nilai signifikansinya 0,000<0,05; dan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,914; terdapat pengaruh positif   Ekuitas Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Responden   pada Toko Jabal Sur. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 3,709 dengan nilai signifikansinya 0,000<0,05; dan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,438 dan juga Terdapat  pengaruh  positif  Kualitas Informasi dan   Relationship Marketing  serta Ekuitas Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Responden   pada Toko Jabal Sur. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 113,172 dengan nilai signifikansinya sebesar 0,000<0,05.

Kata Kunci : Kualitas Informasi, Relationship Marketing, Ekuitas Merek, Keputusan pembelian
LOGOS, ETHOS DAN PATHOS DALAM ILMU MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN
Authors: Anin Helidorus F , Manane Desmon Redikson
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan dimensi logos, ethos dan pathos dalam ilmu manajemen pemasaran. Ketiga dimensi ini mutlak perlu untuk mengonstruksi teori ilmiah yang tahan uji. Adapun pisau analisis yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah filsafat ilmu dengan unsur-unsur metodis, yaitu pada interpretasi, koherensi intern dan deskprisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dimensi logos terkandung dalam evolusi pendefinisian pemasaran sepanjang zaman. Dimensi keilmuan pemasaran akhirnya menemukan modelnya yang tahan uji ketika menjadikan social capital sebagai logos universal sebab bisa digeneralisasi dan didukug oleh fakta yang mengitarinya. Dimensi ethos terdapat dalam upaya untuk menjadikan social capital sebagai core business sehingga memudahkan dalam mengonstruksi skema jaminan kepercayaan dalam jangka panjang dan kekhasan yang menunjukkan citra pelanggan. Dimensi pathos dapat diidentifikasi melaui seni mengidentifikasi nilai, menyediakan nilai dan mengkomunikasikan nilaiyang ditransformasi dari kebutuhan pelanggan.
Model dan Kurikulum Pendidikan al-Quran Holistik bagi OKU
Authors: Hj. Mohd Raus Hj. Norakyairee , Ahmad Nabil Nurutthoilah
Published: July 2020

Curriculum development is an improvisation process to achieve specific educational objectives. The Special Education Program offers Islamic Education opportunities to students with visual impairment, hearing impairment and learning disabilities, including Quranic Education. However, the development of its model and curriculum is still at early stage. The main objective of this research is to carry out an exploration on a holistic Quranic Education model and curriculum for Persons with Special Needs (PSN), and to identify existing models and curricula. This research uses the qualitative method and relies on observation, interview and document analysis protocols for data retrieval. Research findings portray that curriculum objectives, curriculum content, teaching and learning activities and assessment process are all vital elements in determining curriculum development and model.
Abstrak
Pembangunan  kurikulum  merupakan  proses  penambahbaikan  bagi  mencapai sesuatu  matlamat  pendidikan.  Program Pendidikan  Khas turut menawarkan peluang  pendidikan Islam kepada  Murid  Berkeperluan  Khas  (MBK)  Masalah Penglihatan,  Pendengaran  dan  Pembelajaran termasuk  pendidikan al-Quran.Namun,  isu  berkaitan  model  dan  kurikulumnya  masih  di  peringkat  awal. Objektif  utama  kajian  ini  adalah merupakan  eksplorasi  terhadap  model  dan kurikulum  pendidikan  al-Quran  holistik  bagi  OKU  dan  mengenal  pasti  model dan  kurikulum  yang  sedia  ada.Kajian  ini  menggunakan  pendekatan  kaedah kualitatif  dengan  menjadikan  protokol  pemerhatian, temu  bualdan  analisis dokumen untuk  mendapatkan  data. Hasil  dapatan  kajian  ini  menunjukkan pemilihan  model  dan  pembangunan  kurikulum  perlu  melihat  kepada  objektif kurikulum,  kandungan  kurikulum,  aktiviti  pengajaran  dan  pembelajaran,  dan proses penilaian.
Peranan dan Cabaran Guru-Guru Pendidikan Khas Membentuk Kemenjadian Murid-Murid Masalah Pendengaran dalam Abad ke 21
Authors: Hj Nor Siti Muhibah , Rashed Zetty Nurzuliana
Published: July 2020

This article in a paper concept that discusses the roles and challenges faced by special education teachers in educating and enhancing hearing impaired students quality of life. This is consistent with the aspiration of the National Transformation 2050 (TN50) also focuses on student personal development to the future nation’s progress. In terms of student development, academic excellence in not the only main aims, but students must be educated holisticly to produce Malaysian citizens who are responsible; knowledgeable; have honourable manners, and be able to achieve personal well-being. Therefore, students with hearing impairments require special education system to suit their different necessities. Special education teachers should prepare themselves with various knowledge, expertise and skills to accomplish the national aspiration. In addition, cooperation, collaboration and support from parent, school management, medical expert and community are significantly required.
Abstrak
Artikel  ini  merupakan kertas konsep  yang akan  membincangkan  mengenai peranan dan cabaran guru-guru Pendidikan Khas  dalam  membentuk  kemenjadian  murid-murid  masalah  pendengaran.  Ia  selaras  dengan  kehendak  Tranformasi Nasional  2050  (TN50)  yang  memberi  fokus  untuk  melahirkan  kemenjadian  murid  sebagai  salah  satu  aspirasi  untuk memacu negara  di  masa  akan  datang.    Dalam  membentuk  kemenjadian  murid,  pencapaian  akademik  yang  cemerlang bukanlah  merupakan  fokus  utama  tetapi  murid  perlu  dididik  secara  holistik  untuk  melahirkan  warga  negara  Malaysia yang  bertanggungjawab,  berpengetahuan,  berakhlak  dan  mampu  mencapai  kesejahteraan  diri.  Dalam  aspek  ini  murid-murid  masalah pendengaran  memerlukan pendidikan  yang sesuai    mengikut tahap kemampuan  mereka.  Justeru guru-guru  Pendidikan  Khas  perlu  mempersiapkan  diri  dengan  pelbagai  pengetahuan,  kepakaran  dan  kemahiran  untuk mencapai  aspirasi  negara.  Selain  itu,  kerjasama,  kolaborasi  dan  sokongan  daripada  ibu  bapa,  pentadbir  sekolah,  pakar perubatan dan masyarakat amat diperlukan.
Penggunaan Istilah Berfikir Berdasarkan Kandungan al-Quran
Authors: Wan Abdullah Wan Ali Akbar , Mohd Zhaffar Nursafra
Published: July 2020

A lot of opinion regarding Taxonomy Bloom was criticized and reviewed in education, either to compare it with the other Taxonomy of thinking or to view the taxonomy from Islamic perspective. This research discuss the eight thinking terminology from al-Quran, which are Tafakkur, Tadabbur, Tafaqquh, Iktibar, Tawassum, Tazakkur, Taaqqul and Tafahhum. The researcher studied the words in al-Quran before categorized the terms based on the topic said by Allah regarding the terminology. Then, the relation between the theme and the thinking terminology were discussed. The conclusion from this research, the main aim of thinking is to be closed to Allah. Therefore, the study of akidah, fikah and akhlak are the main platforms for the other studies. Other than that, tafakkur is a common thinking terminology, whereas the other terms are more specific and use by Allah focusing on certain topics. The act of perfunctory or refusing to think, were said to be bad traits by Allah.
Abstrak
Terdapat  banyak  pandangan  yang  mengkritik  dan  mengulas  mengenai  penggunaan  Taksonomi  Bloom dalam pendidikan, samaada membandingkannya dengan taksonomi pemikiran yang lain atau pun melihat taksonomi dari sudut perspektif Islam. Kertas konsep ini merungkai lapan istilah berfikir yang terkandung dalam  al-Quran  iaitu tafakkur,  tadabbur,  tafaqquh,  iktibar,  tawassum,  tazakkur,  taaqqul dan tafahhum. Penulis  meneliti sebahagian  besar  ayat  al-Quran  yang  mengandungi  istilah-istilah  tersebut,  kemudian mengkategorikan  kepada  tema-tema  berdasarkan  topik  yang  Allah  bahaskan  sekitar  istilah  tersebut. Seterusnya,  perkaitan  antara  tema  dan  istilah  berfikir  dibincangkan. Kesimpulan  daripada  kertas  ini, matlamat utama pemikiran adalah untuk dekat kepada Allah. Maka, ilmu akidah, fikah dan akhlak adalah ilmu yang menjadi dasar kepada ilmu-ilmu yang lain. Selain itu, tafakkur pula adalah istilah berfikir secara umum, manakala istilah-istilah yang lain bersifat khusus dan digunakan oleh Allah berfokus kepada topik-topik tertentu. Orang yang tidak berfikir dengan betul atau tidak mahu berfikir disifatkan dengan sifat-sifat yang buruk oleh Allah.
Personalities Development and Role of Teachers for Visual Impairment Student at Institute Tahfiz Quran Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah
Authors: Pg Hj Md Zaman Ak Mohd Aiman
Published: July 2020

Institut Tahfiz Quran Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah is the only institution in Brunei Darussalam who has Al-Quran study and memorization programs especially for visually impaired students, but how far their learning effectiveness is not yet known. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the essential elements required in identifying the essential elements required in development of teachers for visually impaired students. Identify the main role of teacher development for visually impaired students. This study is a qualitative study with a case study design with total of 4 informants were selected using a purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed descriptively. Studies have shown that they have the potential to teach more visual impairment students, as well as being a link to other different abilities in order to study al-Quran in a proper way. The implication of this study shows that ITQSHHB has successfully set up a facility to learn al-Quran to the special needs who are literate in al-Quran education.
Consideraciones institucionales sobre la Salud Mental en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Cobo-Rendón Rubia , Vega-Valenzuela Andrés , García-Álvarez Diego
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. En términos de salud mental, los estudiantes universitarios son considerados como población vulnerable. Frente a los acontecimientos vividos debido a la pandemia por la COVID-19 y a las medidas establecidas por los gobiernos para hacer frente a esta situación, la salud mental de los estudiantes universitarios se encuentra amenazada. Desde el marco de la responsabilidad social, las universidades podrían ser lugares apropiados para abordar explícita e implícitamente las necesidades de salud y bienestar de los estudiantes. OBJETIVO. Aportar algunas consideraciones institucionales sobre la salud mental en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia por COVID-19. MÉTODO. Este trabajo corresponde a un diseño documental. Se relatan estudios sobre salud mental en universitarios y se reflexiona sobre los posibles aportes de las universidades desde el marco de la Responsabilidad Social. CONCLUSIÓN. Los estudios encontrados reportan incrementos en síntomas de depresión, ansiedad, estrés postraumático, ideación suicida y problemas de sueño. Las acciones que puedan realizar las universidades en beneficio de la salud mental de sus estudiantes durante y pos-pandemia podrían prevenir los efectos psicológicos de la COVID-19 y beneficiar el desarrollo de la sociedad.
Ibn Tofail’sUniversity students’ satisfaction evaluation towards distance learning and its impacts on the students’ mental health during the Covid 19 Confinement.
Authors: Rahali Keltoum , Abidli Zakaria , Khohmimidi Abderrazzak , Mohamed Elhamzaoui - , Seghiri Raja , Jabari Khaoula , Aouane Elmahjoub , Chaouch Abdelaziz
Published: July 2020

Aims, objectives and methods: The study we have conducted aims to evaluate Moroccan students’ satisfaction level with regard to the use of distance learning platforms during the Covid 19 confinement period. We also attempt to examine the impact of distance learning on the students’ mental health.Our research has demonstrated that imposing distance learning as a learning process to students produces a substantial stress level within 49% of the investigated student population.Indeed, the students’ full immersion in distance learning process has obviously arose technical and pedagogical brakes within (87%) of the questioned student population, and also psychological brakes within (27%) of the respondent population. Furthermore, the particularity of this confinement’s period has brought to light three students’ categories regarding the use of distance learning in their training and learning process and behavior.

Recommendations:Our study’s results can be considered very relevant because they show a clear correlation between the adoption of distance learning, as a new teaching approach, and, the perceived stress level (49%) involved during this process. Therefore, the clear necessity of material, pedagogical and psychological supports to be implemented during this transition stage.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 51-S 57
Knowledge, attitude and practices among the inhabitants of Lahore, Pakistan towards the COVID-19 pandemic: an immediate online based cross-sectional survey while people are under the lockdown.
Authors: Ashiq Kanwal , Ashiq Sana , Bajwa Mayyda Asif , Tanveer Samreen , Qayyum Mehwish
Published: July 2020

Background: COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease and has reached a status of global health emergency. It is widespread in Pakistan causing morbidity and mortality amongst masses.

Objectives: Undertaken study aims at investigating knowledge, attitude and practices of the people residing in Lahore, Pakistan whilst the global crisis with sparse data available previously.

Methodology: Following lockdown announcement, an immediate online cross sectional study was conducted from the 31st March to 6 April 2020. Data was analyzed by using SPSS IBM version 22. 00.

Results: A total of 316 responses were received. Our study has shown that people 95.80% were well familiar with COVID-19, informed via news channels 46.2%. 91.7% believed the virus is contagious, 95.8% reported that the virus is spread by the respiratory droplets, 89.2% believed that all ages are at risk while 62.3% believed it risky for geriatrics only. 60.4% believed in its prevention with 91.7% respondents agreeably quarantined themselves while 6.6% didn’t. 99.7% participants were aware of social/physical distancing and 75.6% found it affecting mental health i.e. cause anxiety, depression etc. 59.2% of respondents were optimistic expecting it to end soon while 32.3% were uncertain. 49.1% said they have diagnostic facility and 89.6% acknowledged efforts of researchers/healthcare providers (doctors, pharmacist, nurses, allied health professionals and paramedical staff) for the society. 94.3% believed that there is need of awareness regarding COVID-19.

Conclusion: An ever increasing need of awareness amongst the local population regarding COVID-19 is needed. It will lend hands in preventing spread of COVID-19 with minimal secondary transmission. It is recommended that extensive survey studies are required that can provide supportive data in developing and implementing public health policies regarding COVID-19 pandemic. It would further control and arrest the spread of COVID-19 in country.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 69-S 76
Laboratory Diagnostics in COVID-19: What We Know So Far
Authors: Zakariah Siti Zulaikha , Tengku Jamaluddin Tengku Zetty Maztura , Mahayidin Hasni , Dahari Zuraihan , Ibrahim Rosni
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 took the world by storm in early 2020 which rapidly escalated to a pandemic of unprecedented proportions. Containment of the outbreak requires a robust public health system of surveillance, contact tracing and laboratory preparedness. Technological advancement in molecular diagnosticshas helped identify patients in the initial stages of the outbreak. RT-PCR remains the gold standard in COVID-19 testing. However, as the pandemic continues, there is need for rapid and point of care tests (POCT) for mass screening and rapid decision making. Current serological tests and POCT have high sensitivity but need to be interpreted with caution. This review aims to discuss current laboratory tests available for the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 93-S 100
Modeling Hourly Soil Temperature Using Deep BiLSTM Neural Network
Authors: Li Cong , Zhang Yaonan , Ren Xupeng
Published: July 2020

Soil temperature (ST) plays a key role in the processes and functions of almost all ecosystems, and is also an essential parameter for various applications such as agricultural production, geothermal development, and their utilization. Although numerous machine learning models have been used in the prediction of ST, and good results have been obtained, most of the current studies have focused on daily or monthly ST predictions, while hourly ST predictions are scarce. This paper presents a novel scheme for forecasting the hourly ST using weather forecast data. The method considers the hourly ST prediction to be the superposition of two parts, namely, the daily average ST prediction and the ST amplitude (the difference between the hourly ST and the daily average ST) prediction. According to the results of correlation analysis, we selected nine meteorological parameters and combined two temporal parameters as the input vectors for predicting the daily average ST. For the task of predicting the ST amplitude, seven meteorological parameters and one temporal parameter were selected as the inputs. Two submodels were constructed using a deep bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM). For the task of hourly ST prediction at five different soil depths at 30 sites, which are located in 5 common climates in the United States, the results showed the method proposed in this paper performs best at all depths for 30 stations (100% of all) for the root mean square error (RMSE), 27 stations (90% of all) for the mean absolute error (MAE), and 30 stations (100% of all) for the coefficient of determination (R2), respectively. Moreover, the method adopted in this study displays a stronger ST prediction ability than the traditional methods under all climate types involved in the experiment, the hourly ST produced by it can be used as a driving parameter for high-resolution biogeochemical models, land surface models and hydrological models and can provide ideas for an analysis of other time series data.
Sulfur Uptake from Fertilizer Fortified with Sulfate and Elemental S in Three Contrasting Climatic Zones
Authors: Degryse Fien , Baird Roslyn , da Silva Rodrigo C. , Holzapfel Christopher B. , Kappes Claudinei , Tysko Monica , McLaughlin Michael J.
Published: July 2020

Field trials with labeled fertilizers can be used to provide information on fertilizer efficiency, residual value, and nutrient fate. We assessed the uptake from elemental S (ES) and sulfate S (SO4-S) in S-fortified monoammonium phosphate fertilizers by various crops at three sites in Argentina, Brazil, and Canada. The S sources were labeled with 34S, and the 34S abundance in the plant tissue was analyzed at an early stage and at maturity over two consecutive years. At the sites in Argentina and Canada, the recovery of ES in the crop was smaller than that of SO4-S in the first year, while the opposite was true in the second year. At the Brazilian site, the recovery of ES was similar to that of SO4-S in the first year, but higher in the second year. In the Argentina and Canada sites, the cumulative recovery of SO4-S was >65% and that of ES was 20−25%. In the Brazilian site, the cumulative recovery of SO4-S was 9% and that of ES 16%. The higher recovery of ES than of SO4-S in the Brazilian site was attributed to leaching of added SO4-S and relatively fast oxidation of ES due to the warm climate. These results suggest that ES may be more suitable than SO4-S as a fertilizer S source in warm humid climates, while inclusion of SO4-S in the fertilizer is recommended in colder climates as slow oxidation limits the initial availability of ES.
Effect of Light Spectrum on Gas Exchange, Growth and Biochemical Characteristics of Einkorn Seedlings
Authors: Bartucca Maria Luce , Del Buono Daniele , Ballerini Eleonora , Benincasa Paolo , Falcinelli Beatrice , Guiducci Marcello
Published: July 2020

The use of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights in microscale vegetable production is more and more widespread. In this context, the effect of light spectrum on photosynthesis, growth, shoot yield, pigment content, and nutritional status of einkorn seedlings (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum), germinated and grown in a nutrient solution, was investigated. Plants were subjected to six different LED light treatments, all having a photon flux density (PFD) of 200 μmol m−2 s−1. Two light treatments were monochromatic (red or blue), three dichromatic (blue and red in the proportion), and one of a wider spectrum (selected as a control). All the light treatments affected the morphological, biochemical, and nutritional status of einkorn seedlings. Overall, the dichromatic treatments were the most effective in stimulating biomass production, CO2 assimilation, and evapotranspiration, as well as contents in chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids, and additionally nitrogen, phosphorous, manganese, iron, and zinc. These results are of relevance for the beneficial effects of dichromatic LED treatments in maximizing einkorn shoot yield and nutritional values, and in limiting energy consumption in indoor cultivation.
Levelling the Translational Gap for Animal to Human Efficacy Data
Authors: Ferreira Guilherme S. , Veening-Griffioen Désirée H. , Boon Wouter P. C. , Moors Ellen H. M. , van Meer Peter J. K.
Published: July 2020

Reports of a reproducibility crisis combined with a high attrition rate in the pharmaceutical industry have put animal research increasingly under scrutiny in the past decade. Many researchers and the general public now question whether there is still a justification for conducting animal studies. While criticism of the current modus operandi in preclinical research is certainly warranted, the data on which these discussions are based are often unreliable. Several initiatives to address the internal validity and reporting quality of animal studies (e.g., Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) and Planning Research and Experimental Procedures on Animals: Recommendations for Excellence (PREPARE) guidelines) have been introduced but seldom implemented. As for external validity, progress has been virtually absent. Nonetheless, the selection of optimal animal models of disease may prevent the conducting of clinical trials, based on unreliable preclinical data. Here, we discuss three contributions to tackle the evaluation of the predictive value of animal models of disease themselves. First, we developed the Framework to Identify Models of Disease (FIMD), the first step to standardise the assessment, validation and comparison of disease models. FIMD allows the identification of which aspects of the human disease are replicated in the animals, facilitating the selection of disease models more likely to predict human response. Second, we show an example of how systematic reviews and meta-analyses can provide another strategy to discriminate between disease models quantitatively. Third, we explore whether external validity is a factor in animal model selection in the Investigator’s Brochure (IB), and we use the IB-derisk tool to integrate preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data in early clinical development. Through these contributions, we show how we can address external validity to evaluate the translatability and scientific value of animal models in drug development. However, while these methods have potential, it is the extent of their adoption by the scientific community that will define their impact. By promoting and adopting high quality study design and reporting, as well as a thorough assessment of the translatability of drug efficacy of animal models of disease, we will have robust data to challenge and improve the current animal research paradigm.
Use of GnRH for Synchronization of the Follicular Wave in Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Sheep: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Año-Perello Aina , Santos-Jimenez Zurisaday , Encinas Teresa , Martinez-Ros Paula , Gonzalez-Bulnes Antonio
Published: July 2020

The present study aimed to set up a short-term protocol for synchronization of follicular wave emergence in sheep, concomitant with estrus synchronization, which would improve ovarian response in assisted reproductive technologies. Administration of a single GnRH dose, concomitant with the insertion of a progesterone-loaded CIDR device, caused regression of gonadotrophin-dependent follicles ≥4 mm in all the GnRH-treated sheep and in around 80% of the controls treated only with CIDR (p < 0.05). Similar percentages of ewes lost all follicles (around 70%) or only the largest one (around 30%) in both groups. Hence, 54.1% and 70% of the sheep lost all large follicles and initiated a new follicular wave in the control and GnRH groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The remaining sheep showed follicles that were still not dependent of luteinizing hormone (LH). So, in fact, all the sheep had non-dominant follicles after treatment. In conclusion, a treatment including GnRH at CIDR insertion would offer a time- and cost-efficient protocol for inducing follicular turnover and synchronizing a new follicular wave at any stage of the estrous cycle.