bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making the Legal World: Normativity and International Computational Law
Authors: van den Hoven Émilie
Published: May 2023

The attention devoted to so-called “computational law” has grown exponentially over recent years. However, to date, there has comparatively been much less discussion about the use of data-driven methods, including artificial intelligence, in the processes and institutions of international law. This paper discusses this in terms of “international computational law” and examines what the implications could be if the normativity of technology encounters the normativity of law in the context of international law-making processes. Will it be a smooth and fortuitous alignment or a surreptitious undermining of accepted legal practices—or something in between? To critically engage with this question, a closer look is had at current and future data-driven practices in international treaty-making, the identification of international custom and international institutional lawmaking. Consequently, three types of normativity (i.e., international legal, legal and technological) are analyzed in this context, building on an analysis of the fundamental underlying structure of law. This analysis of normativity leads to the conclusion that we cannot simply assume that these types of normativity will align organically when it comes to our international legal system. I therefore conclude this article by suggesting that more research should be conducted into an adequate conception of “international legal protection by design” to thoughtfully consider how to safeguard legal protection in an increasingly computationalized international legal order. This will be crucial if we want to ensure that international law in the algorithmic age affords us legal protection and that we design our global order with thoughtfulness, rather than encodethoughtlessness.
Effects of Insoles on Gait Kinematics and Low Back Pain in Patients with Leg Length Inequality: A Systematic Review
Authors: Menez Charlotte , L'Hermette Maxime , Lerebourg Lucie , Coquart Jérémy
Published: May 2023

The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of foot orthoses on gait kinematics and low back pain (LBP) in individuals with leg length inequality (LLI). This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and has been undertaken in the PubMed-NCBI, EBSCO Host, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect databases. Inclusion criteria were the analysis of kinematic parameters during walking or LBP before and after foot orthosis use in patients with LLI. Ultimately, five studies were retained. We extracted the following information: study identity, patients, type of foot orthosis, duration of orthopedic treatment, protocols, methods, and data to assess gait kinematics and LBP. The results showed that insoles seem to reduce pelvic drop and active compensations of the spine when LLI is moderate/severe. However, insoles do not always seem to be efficient in improving gait kinematics in patients with low LLI. All of the studies noted a significant reduction of LBP with use of insoles. Consequently, although these studies revealed no consensus on whether and how insoles affect gait kinematics, the orthoses seemed helpful in relieving LBP.
Applying causal discovery to single-cell analyses using CausalCell
Authors: Wen Yujian , Huang Jielong , Guo Shuhui , Elyahu Yehezqel , Monsonego Alon , Zhang Hai , Ding Yanqing , Zhu Hao
Published: May 2023

Correlation between objects is prone to occur coincidentally, and exploring correlation or association in most situations does not answer scientific questions rich in causality. Causal discovery (also called causal inference) infers causal interactions between objects from observational data. Reported causal discovery methods and single-cell datasets make applying causal discovery to single cells a promising direction. However, evaluating and choosing causal discovery methods and developing and performing proper workflow remain challenges. We report the workflow and platform CausalCell (http://www.gaemons.net/causalcell/causalDiscovery/) for performing single-cell causal discovery. The workflow/platform is developed upon benchmarking four kinds of causal discovery methods and is examined by analyzing multiple single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. Our results suggest that different situations need different methods and the constraint-based PC algorithm with kernel-based conditional independence tests work best in most situations. Related issues are discussed and tips for best practices are given. Inferred causal interactions in single cells provide valuable clues for investigating molecular interactions and gene regulations, identifying critical diagnostic and therapeutic targets, and designing experimental and clinical interventions.
Physical basis of the cell size scaling laws
Authors: Rollin Romain , Joanny Jean-François , Sens Pierre
Published: May 2023

Cellular growth is the result of passive physical constraints and active biological processes. Their interplay leads to the appearance of robust and ubiquitous scaling laws relating linearly cell size, dry mass, and nuclear size. Despite accumulating experimental evidence, their origin is still unclear. Here, we show that these laws can be explained quantitatively by a single model of size regulation based on three simple, yet generic, physical constraints defining altogether the Pump-Leak model. Based on quantitative estimates, we clearly map the Pump-Leak model coarse-grained parameters with the dominant cellular components. We propose that dry mass density homeostasis arises from the scaling between proteins and small osmolytes, mainly amino acids and ions. Our model predicts this scaling to naturally fail, both at senescence when DNA and RNAs are saturated by RNA polymerases and ribosomes, respectively, and at mitotic entry due to the counterion release following histone tail modifications. Based on the same physical laws, we further show that nuclear scaling results from a osmotic balance at the nuclear envelope and a large pool of metabolites, which dilutes chromatin counterions that do not scale during growth.
DaGzang: a synthetic data generator for cross-domain recommendation services
Authors: Nguyen Luong Vuong , Vo Nam D. , Jung Jason J.
Published: May 2023

Research on cross-domain recommendation systems (CDRS) has shown efficiency by leveraging the overlapping associations between domains in order to generate more encompassing user models and better recommendations. Nonetheless, if there is no dataset belonging to a specific domain, it is a challenge to generate recommendations in CDRS. In addition, finding these overlapping associations in the real world is generally tricky, and it makes its application to actual services hard. Considering these issues, this study aims to present a synthetic data generation platform (called DaGzang) for cross-domain recommendation systems. The DaGzang platform works according to the complete loop, and it consists of the following three steps: (i) detecting the overlap association (data distribution pattern) between the real-world datasets, (ii) generating synthetic datasets based on these overlap associations, and (iii) evaluating the quality of the generated synthetic datasets. The real-world datasets in our experiments were collected from Amazon’s e-commercial website. To validate the usefulness of the synthetic datasets generated from DaGzang, we embed these datasets into our cross-domain recommender system, called DakGalBi. We then evaluate the recommendations generated from DakGalBi with collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms, user-based CF, and item-based CF. Mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) metrics are measured to evaluate the performance of collaborative filtering (CF) CDRS. In particular, the highest performance of the three recommendation methods is user-based CF when using 10 synthetic datasets generated from DaGzang (0.437 at MAE and 0.465 at RMSE).
Spatial orientation, postural control and the vestibular system in healthy elderly and Alzheimer’s dementia
Authors: Chepisheva Mariya K.
Published: May 2023

Background

While extensive research has been advancing our understanding of the spatial and postural decline in healthy elderly (HE) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), much less is known about how the vestibular system contributes to the spatial and postural processing in these two populations. This is especially relevant during turning movements in the dark, such as while walking in our garden or at home at night, where the vestibular signal becomes central. As the prevention of falls and disorientation are of serious concern for the medical service, more vestibular-driven knowledge is necessary to decrease the burden for HE and AD patients with vestibular disabilities.

Overview of the article

The review briefly presents the current “non-vestibular based” knowledge (i.e. knowledge based on research that does not mention the “vestibular system” as a contributor or does not investigate its effects) about spatial navigation and postural control during normal healthy ageing and AD pathology. Then, it concentrates on the critical sense of the vestibular system and explores the current expertise about the aspects of spatial orientation and postural control from a vestibular system point of view. The norm is set by first looking at how healthy elderly change with age with respect to their vestibular-guided navigation and balance, followed by the AD patients and the difficulties they experience in maintaining their balance or during navigation.

Conclusion

Vestibular spatial and vestibular postural deficits present a considerable disadvantage and are felt not only on a physical but also on a psychological level by all those affected. Still, there is a clear need for more (central) vestibular-driven spatial and postural knowledge in healthy and pathological ageing, which can better facilitate our understanding of the aetiology of these dysfunctions. A possible change can start with the more frequent implementation of the “vestibular system examination/rehabilitation/therapy” in the clinic, which can then lead to an improvement of future prognostication and disease outcome for the patients.
Optimal sample type and number vary in small shallow lakes when targeting non-native fish environmental DNA
Authors: Picard Maïlys H.V. , Zaiko Anastasija , Tidy Annabel M. , Kelly David J. , Thomson-Laing Georgia , Wilkinson Shaun P. , Pochon Xavier , Vandergoes Marcus J. , Hawes Ian , Wood Susanna A.
Published: May 2023

Non-native fish have been shown to have deleterious impacts on freshwater ecosystems in New Zealand. Early detection is critical for their effective management. Traditional capture-based techniques may not detect newly introduced fish, especially if they are present in low abundance. Molecular techniques that target environmental DNA (eDNA) have been shown, in many instances, to be more sensitive, cost-effective and require lower sampling effort. However, appropriate sampling strategies are needed to ensure robust and interpretable data are obtained. In this study we used droplet digital PCR assays to investigate the presence of two non-native fish in New Zealand, the European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) in three small lakes. Samples were collected from water and surface sediment at near-shore and mid-lake sites. Probabilistic modelling was used to assess the occupancy of fish eDNA and develop guidance on sampling strategies. Based on the detection probability measures from the present study, at least six sites and five replicates per site are needed to reliably detect fish eDNA in sediment samples, and twelve sites with eight replicates per site for water samples. The results highlight the potential of developing monitoring and surveillance programs adapted to lakes, that include the use of assays targeting eDNA. This study focused on small shallow lakes, and it is likely that these recommendations may vary in larger, deeper, and more geomorphologically complex lakes, and this requires further research.
Somatic mutation profiling, tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, tertiary lymphoid structures and PD-L1 protein expression in HER2-amplified colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Xiao-Ting , Kou Zhi-Yong , Zhang Hushan , Dong Jian , Zhang Jian-Hua , Peng You-Jun , Ma Shu Min , Liang Lei , Meng Xuan-Yu , Zhou Yuan , Yang Jun
Published: May 2023

The status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) for the prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial, and the characteristics of the somatic mutation spectrum, tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, tertiary lymphoid structures and PD-L1 protein are unknown in HER2-amplified colorectal cancer (HACC). In order to explore these characteristics along with their correlation with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in HACC. Samples of 812 CRC patients was collected. After immunohistochemistry (IHC), 59 of 812 were found to be HER2-positive, then 26 of 59 samples were further determined to be HER2 amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Somatic mutation profiling of HACC was analysed using whole exome sequencing (WES). Multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was used for tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), while PD-L1 protein was detected by IHC. Our results indicate that the detection rates of HER2 positivity by IHC and FISH were 7.3% and 3.2% respectively, and HER2 amplification is correlated with distant tumour metastasis. The somatic mutation profiling revealed no differences between HACC and HER2-negative CRC. However, TP 53 strongly correlated with poor prognosis in HACC. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating T cells and TLSs in the tumor immune microenvironment, as well as PD-L1 expression, were higher in HACC than in HER2-negative controls. However, none of them were associated with the prognosis of HACC. In all, HER2 amplification is correlated with distant metastasis and TP53 gene mutation may be a potential protective mechanism of HACC.
Evidence for a novel cranial thermoregulatory pathway in thalattosuchian crocodylomorphs
Authors: Young Mark T. , Bowman Charlotte I. W. , Erb Arthur , Schwab Julia A. , Witmer Lawrence M. , Herrera Yanina , Brusatte Stephen L.
Published: May 2023

Thalattosuchian crocodylomorphs were a diverse clade that lived from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. The subclade Metriorhynchoidea underwent a remarkable transition, evolving from semi-aquatic ambush predators into fully aquatic forms living in the open oceans. Thalattosuchians share a peculiar palatal morphology with semi-aquatic and aquatic fossil cetaceans: paired anteroposteriorly aligned grooves along the palatal surface of the bony secondary palate. In extant cetaceans, these grooves are continuous with the greater palatine artery foramina, arteries that supply their oral thermoregulatory structures. Herein, we investigate the origins of thalattosuchian palatal grooves by examining CT scans of six thalattosuchian species (one teleosauroid, two early-diverging metriorhynchoids and three metriorhynchids), and CT scans of eleven extant crocodylian species. All thalattosuchians had paired osseous canals, enclosed by the palatines, that connect the nasal cavity to the oral cavity. These osseous canals open into the oral cavityviaforamina at the posterior terminus of the palatal grooves. Extant crocodylians lack both the external grooves and the internal canals. We posit that in thalattosuchians these novel palatal canals transmitted hypertrophied medial nasal vessels (artery and vein), creating a novel heat exchange pathway connecting the palatal vascular plexus to the endocranial region. Given the general hypertrophy of thalattosuchian cephalic vasculature, and their increased blood flow and volume, thalattosuchians would have required a more extensive suite of thermoregulatory pathways to maintain stable temperatures for their neurosensory tissues.
DISCURSOS Y TRANSCURSOS: LENGUA Y TERRITORIO EN "CIELO DE SERPIENTES" DE ANTONIO GIL
Authors:   Universidad de Los Lagos, Barraza Eduardo
Published: May 2023

El territorio puede ser concebido como un escorzo de mundos articulados y situados en el tiempo, en unacultura y en una lengua específica. De aquí la fuerte conexión del territorio con la identidad, personal o colectiva y su manifestación ritual en términos de una herencia cultural presente en la memoria, en la imaginación y en la temporalidad del discurso como es el caso de Cielo de serpientes de Antonio Gil. El texto incorpora el habla del niño y del mundo inca durante su peregrinación hacia el cerro sagrado estableciendo una suerte de bilingüismo –más bien interdiscursividad— con las crónicas de la conquista y con el castellano hablado en Chile por huaqueros, científicos y antropólogos. Por lo mismo, el hallazgo de la reliquia inca no se reduce a una cuestión patrimonial, de memoria colectiva antropológica o arqueológica sino que permite un nuevo acceso a la historia, la literatura y la cultura colonial americana en su diversidad. Por lo mismo, esta novela discute narrativamente los segmentos y cánones discursivos frente a los status del saber y del poder de modo tal que polemiza con la noción material de territorio y con las actuaciones lingüísticas portadoras de saberes culturales y populares que en él se manifiestan.
EFECTO MEDIADOR DE LA MOTIVACIÓN A BUSCAR VENGANZA EN LA RELACIÓN DE LA ANSIEDAD Y LA EVITACIÓN EN EL APEGO CON LA CALIDAD DE VIDA
Authors:   Universidad de Antofagasta. Antofagasta, Chile, Gutiérrez-Carmona Andrés , Guzmán-González Mónica ,   Universidad Católica del Norte. Antofagasta, Chile, da Silva Barreto Mayckel ,   Universidad Estatal de Maringá. Maringá, Paraná, Brasil, Urzúa Morales Alfonso ,   Universidad Católica del Norte. Antofagasta, Chile, Alday-Mondaca Carolina ,   University of Northern British Columbia, Canadá
Published: May 2023

OBJETIVO: Determinar el efecto mediador de la motivación a buscar venganza en la relación de la ansiedad y la evitación en el apego con la calidad de vida. METODOLOGÍA: estudio transversal correlacional. La muestra estuvo constituida por 558 personas de 18 a 65 años de la ciudad de Antofagasta, Chile. Fueron utilizados los instrumentos: Cuestionario WHOQoL-Bref; Experiencia en Relaciones Cercanas; y Motivación a buscar venganza. Se realizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que consideró efectos directos, indirectos y totales. RESULTADOS: Del total de participantes, 289 (51,8%) fueron hombres. Las edades fluctuaron entre 18 y 65 años (M=39,7; ±13,42). Se encontraron efectos significativos en la relación entre la ansiedad y evitación en el apego en los dominios físico, psicológico y social-relacional de la calidad de vida. La motivación a buscar venganza tiene efecto de mediación total en la relación entre evitación en el apego y el dominio físico, y efecto de mediación parcial de la evitación en el apego sobre el dominio psicológico de la calidad de vida. CONCLUSIÓN: ansiedad y evitación en el apego disminuyen la calidad de vida y la motivación a buscar venganza media parcial o totalmente la relación entre la evitación en el apego sobre los dominios físico y psicológico de la calidad de vida.
INDICADORES ANTROPOMÉTRICOS Y PATRONES ALIMENTARIOS EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors:   Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Zuluaga Rodríguez Julián , Córdoba Barrientos Laura ,   Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Montoya Enciso Melisa ,   Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Gómez Velásquez Santiago ,   Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Hoyos Katherine Franco ,   Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
Published: May 2023

OBJETIVO: Algunas investigaciones realizadas en comunidades universitarias alrededor del mundo, muestran como durante esta etapa se presentan cambios significativos frente a los estilos y dinámicas de vida los estudiantes. En este estudio se identificaron indicadores antropométricos y patrones alimentarios que caracterizan a los estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y los Alimentos de la Universidad CES (Colombia) en el período 2018 y 2019. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo, con datos provenientes de fuentes de información secundarias donde reposaba la información de los indicadores antropométricos y patrones alimentarios de los estudiantes durante el periodo en mención, las cuales fueron revisadas el primer semestre del año 2022. RESULTADOS: Tomando en cuenta el indicador de índice de masas corporal (IMC) de los evaluados, el 2,7% presento obesidad, el 18,3% sobrepeso, el 72,3 % adecuación, el 6,2 % bajo peso y un 0,4% bajo peso severo. Se encontró que los alimentos de mayor consumo diario fueron cereales refinados, raíces, plátanos y tubérculos, verduras, lácteos reducidos en grasa, carnes magras, huevos, grasas de origen vegetal y azúcares. Respecto a los alimentos con mayor consumo ocasional o sin consumo, se encuentran los cereales integrales, lácteos enteros, carnes altas en grasas, grasa de origen animal y claras de huevo. CONCLUSIONES: resultados develan que la mayor parte de los investigados reflejo un IMC normal y un menor porcentaje evidencian problemas asociados con la malnutrición, un 6,6 % presentó déficit de peso, mientras que un 21,0% presento exceso de peso, a la par se observan patrones alimentarios protectores como un elevado porcentaje de consumo diario de frutas, verduras, carnes magras, grasas de origen vegetal y consumo ocasional o no consumo de lácteos enteros, carnes altas en grasa y grasa de origen animal.
EFFECT OF KANCHNAR TWAK KWATH WITH SHUNTHI CHURNA AND NIMB TAIL NASYA IN HYPOTHYROIDISM: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Yadav Pratima , Kumar Ajay
Published: May 2023

Hypothyroidism is one of the most widespread endocrine disorders in most patients with daily OPD. In Ayurveda, it often has to do with the actions of "AGNI". Material and Method: A 30-year-old female patient has been experiencing weakness, dizziness, decreased sleep, head weight, dry skin, hair loss, and constipation for the past three years, and over the past two to three months, all symptoms have become more severe. The patient has used levothyroxine for two years to normalise their thyroid profile. We administered her 50 ml Kanchnar twak kwath with 1 gm Shunthi churna and Nimb tail nasya 2 drops in each nostril for 15 days and 2 follow-up at 15 days intervals after 1.5 months of levothyroxine washout. Repeat the thyroid profile in 1.5 months. Most of the patient's illness symptoms were relieved by Ayurvedic treatment, and her TSH level dropped from 18.65 to 6.92. Observation and Result: The patient's symptoms significantly improved. Following treatment, weakness diminished, fainting was gone, and hair loss was stopped. The patient could do her task without trouble by employing Nimb tail nasya and Kanchnar twak kwath with Shunthi churna. Discussion and Conclusion: Kanchnar: It is kashaya in the rasa, laghu ruksha in the guna, Kapha-Pitta shamaka, and gandamalanaashan in the prabhava. Shunthi has qualities such as katu rasa, laghu snigdh guna and Kapha Vata shaamak. Nasya karma is a distinctive panchakarma procedure in which the medication is injected into the nose and travels up to the shringataka, spreading throughout the entire head interior.
EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF PANEEYA KSHARA ON COLON CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: D Gururaja , Kumbhar Sneha , Acharya Sahana
Published: May 2023

Kshara is a unique medicinal preparation mentioned in Ayurveda. It is an alkali prepared by burning different medicinal plants. Kshara has cytotoxic activity. It can be used internally and externally. Kshara is used internally as medicine and is called Paneeya kshara. Paneeya kshara is mentioned in the context of Gulma roga. Gulma is a disease with the cardinal feature of a mass per abdomen. Malignant conditions of the colon can be correlated to Gulma. So, this study was planned to prepare the Paneeya kshara mentioned in Gulma disease and study its cytotoxic activity and anticancer activity on colon cancer cell lines. The HEK 293 normal cell line was used to study the cytotoxic activity, and colon cancer cell lines COLO 205, COLO320 and HCT-15 cell lines were used to study the anticancer activity. The cytotoxic activity on HEK293 normal cell lines was good, with an IC50 value of 0.726 µg. IC 50 value for COLO320 cell lines was 0.7263 µg. The effect on HCT -15 and COLO205 cell lines was insignificant, with an IC50 value of more than one. Paneeya kshara showed good cytotoxic action but limited anticancer activity on colon cancer cell lines. This study revealed the potentiality of Paneeya kshara in the management of colon cancer.
ARKA LAVANA AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION
Authors: Dixit Prerana , Singh Ravi Pratap , Shukla Govind Sahay , Agarwal Rajaram , Goyal Manisha , Tyagi Vijaypal
Published: May 2023

Background: Lavana kalpana was described in many Ayurvedic texts such as Bhaishajya ratnavali, Rasatarangini, Vangasen, Gadanigraha etc. Arka lavana is a highly effective lavana kalpana which is mainly recommended for Yakrit-pleeha roga, Gulma, Ajirna, Agnimandya and Udara roga. Aim: Pharmaceutical study of Arka lavana. Materials and Methods: The raw material Arka patras were collected from the herbal garden of Rajasthan Ayurveda University, Jodhpur. The Arka patras were authenticated by Dravyaguna Department. Another raw material, Saindhava lavana, was procured from Rasashala of Rajasthan Ayurveda University, Jodhpur and was authenticated by Rasa shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana Department. Arka lavana was prepared by the traditional puta method as per the reference. Observation and Results: The Arka lavana was assessed for organoleptic parameters. Conclusion: The pharmaceutical study of Arka lavana provides the standard parameters.
ESTIMATION OF FACIAL WRINKLES AMONG DIFFERENT DEHA PRAKRITI VOLUNTEERS
Authors: Untwal Rashmi G. , Vyas Suwarna , Kodape DT , Vyas Deepak
Published: May 2023

Background: Ayurveda is an ancient medical science. The body is governed by three humors in Ayurveda called dosha: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Aim: Variation in facial wrinkles among different deha prakriti with the help of the wrinkles assessment scale. Material and Method: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the institute and its periphery. Initially, 500 female volunteers were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of which, 310 were assessed for their prakriti with standard prakriti proforma of MUHS. Facial wrinkles were evaluated with the help of a wrinkles assessment scale of 180 female volunteers. Result: The average number of wrinkles was significantly higher in pitta pradhan prakriti compared to kapha pradhan and Vata pradhan prakriti. Premature ageing signs (wrinkles) were higher in Pitta pradhan prakriti.
Climate Change and Its Impacts on Biodiversity in Mexico
Authors: Ulises Ramírez-Sánchez Hermes , Lucia Fajardo-Montiel Aida , Enrique García-Guadalupe Mario , Hugo Ulloa-Godínez Héctor
Published: May 2023

During the last 150 years, the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and oceans has been documented due to the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, excess production and reduced capacity to capture pollution. The consequences have been radical changes in the distribution of ecosystems and species, rise in sea level, disappearance of glaciers and corals, unpredictable and extreme climates such as droughts and storms. Climate change affects all organisms on the planet, many of them are already responding to this new dynamic through changes in their distribution and migrations. All these factors are the product of human activities and their social, economic and political causes. The effects of human activities, which were previously small-scale, have turned into large-scale events, affecting the climate of the entire planet. Climate change has become one of the main threats to biodiversity. In Mexico, a large number of endemic species of highly restricted distribution are susceptible to be affected by the indicated factors.

Aims: The objective of this study is to present a set of regional projections of temperature, rainfall, humidity and drought index for Mexico under the IPCC AR6 climate change scenarios, and to evaluate their impact on biodiversity in Mexico by the end of the century.

Methodology and Results: Regional models for Mexico show temperature increases between 0.5 to 5°C, while % precipitation will range from -20.3 to 13.5% depending on the scenario and period of analysis. The low soil moisture, vegetation changes and drought indices show that the North, West and Bajío areas presented reductions in precipitation and temperature increase that caused soil moisture deficit, water stress, presence of scarce vegetation and semi-permanent meteorological drought. Under these scenarios, it is expected that the entire country will be subjected to moderate to extremely strong droughts that will last and worsen between now and the end of the century. The results of the scenario projections and forecasts made by the IPCC show that the effects on biodiversity associated with climate change have been manifested for several decades in Mexico and are expected to worsen by the end of the century, increasing the number of threatened and endangered species. Based on the probable temperatures by the end of the century (from 0.5 to 5°C) it is estimated that the risk of extinction ranges from 3 to 48% in terrestrial ecosystems, in ocean and coastal ecosystems the risk of biodiversity loss will go from moderate to very high; and for endemic species it is estimated that the risk of extinction is very high with the possibility of increase by more than ten times.

Conclusion: Thus, the vulnerability of biodiversity in Mexico is high to very high, which puts a very high number of species and ecosystems at risk.
Clinico-epidemiological Profile of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Izhar Fazil M. , Haque Ayisha A. , Nain Zulquar , Abqari Shaad , Khan Iraj Alam
Published: May 2023

Introduction: MIS-C (multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children) has been reported as a complication of post COVID infection in paediatric age group. The presentation of this syndrome includes constellation of clinical features. This study aims to inquire about the incidence of these symptoms in the clinical setting.

Methods: Cross sectional observation study in a tertiary care hospital of North India and clinic-epidemiological profile of children with MIS-C was studied.

Results: Fever was the most common symptom (100%) followed by gastrointestinal symptoms (80%). All of them presented with raised markers of acute inflammation (CRP, D-Dimer etc). Cardiovascular complications included shock (36%) with Left Ventricular dysfunction (22%), myocarditis (20%), coronary dilatation (16%), and pulmonary edema (10%). Rash was noticed in 20% of the cases and bleeding was seen in 12% of the cases. Few patients had other rare presentations also.

Conclusion: Patients with such clinical features without evidence of tropical infection should be kept as a possibility of MIS-C.
Pelletization Process for the Production of Fuel Pellets from Various Surplus Biomass: A Review
Authors: Jagtap Abolee , Kalbande Surendra
Published: May 2023

The increasing demand for renewable and sustainable energy sources has led to a growing interest in utilizing surplus biomass for the production of fuel pellets. Pelletization is a promising process that converts biomass into compact and uniform fuel pellets, which can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. Biomass is an important renewable energy source, and surplus biomass can be used to produce fuel pellets. The review also discusses the different types of biomass feedstocks that can be used for pelletization, including their availability, properties, and suitability for pellet production. The review further delves into the pelletization process, covering the key steps, such as size reduction, drying, conditioning, pelletization, and cooling. The influence of process parameters on pellet quality, including pellet durability, density, moisture content, and energy content, is also discussed in detail. The information presented in this review can serve as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and policymakers interested in biomass pelletization for renewable energy production.
Standardization of Agro-techniques for Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell
Authors: Babu K. Raja , Palai S. K. , Beura S. , Tripathy P. , Samanta P.
Published: May 2023

The experiment was conducted during the year 2019-21 at Horticulture Research Station, OUAT, Bhubaneswar laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 replications. The experiment was conducted in 6 modules. The growth parameters like plant height (75.36 cm and 133.52 cm), plant spread E-W (46.41 cm and 74.09 cm), plant spread N-S (39.98 cm and 70.72 cm),  stem diameter (15.97 cm and 32.94 cm), length of branch (31.68 cm and 58.34 cm), number of primary branches (19.61 and 31.42), number of secondary branches (17.29 and 36.73) were recorded highest and significant with the adoption of Module VI (Spacing - 210cm X 210cm; Pit size - 60 cm3; FYM - 25Kg/pit; Basal fertilizer dose - N:P2O5: K2O @ 40:40:40 g /plant; Fertilizer-19:19:19@ 0.2% and BAP- 150 ppm) in two years respectively and internodal length (8.52 cm), number of tertiary branches (18.28), number of harvestable branches (63.41), foliage yield of plant (1.121 kg) also recorded highest in module –VI followed by Module –V. However, the yield per hectare (4.85 t/ha) was maximum in module-I because of maximum plant population.
Impact of Integrated Zinc and Iron Management Practices on Biochemical Attributes and Nutrient Uptake of Marigold cv. Local Orange
Authors: Jena Lasyamayee , Latha M. R. , Janaki P. , Ganga M. , Santhanakrishnan V. P.
Published: May 2023

A pot culture experiment was conducted at the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University during 2021-2022 to study the response of integrated zinc and iron management practices on biochemical attributes and nutrient uptake of marigold cv. Local Orange. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. The eight treatments included an untreated control (T1), 100% Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (T2) , RDF + FYM enriched with ZnSO4 and FeSO4 @ 10 and 15 kg ha-1 respectively (T3), RDF + FYM enriched with ZnSO4 and FeSO4 @ 15 and 20 kg ha-1 respectively (T4), RDF + FYM enriched with ZnSO4 and FeSO4 @ 20 and 25 kg ha-1 respectively (T5), RDF + foliar spray of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 each @ 0.5% (T6), RDF + foliar spray of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 @ 0.5 and 1.0 % respectively (T7), RDF + foliar spray of liquid multi micronutrient @ 1.0 % (T8). The application of integrated zinc and iron was observed to exhibit a significant effect on growth, yield, biochemical attributes and nutrient uptake. Maximum total chlorophyll content in leaf (mg g-1) and nutrient uptake was observed with the application of RDF + foliar spray of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 each @ 0.5% (T6) while regarding biochemical attributes viz., total carotenoid content in petals (mg g-1) and total phenols (mg g-1) maximum was observed with the application of RDF + foliar spray of liquid multi micronutrient @ 1.0 % (T8) which contains the proper amount of zinc and iron.
TINGKAT STRES DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB STRES PADA STAF KONTRAKTOR
Authors: Godeberta Agustinus Christian , Andi Andi , Rahardjo Jani
Published: May 2023

Karakteristik dari proyek konstruksi dan tuntutan dari berbagai pihak dapat menyebabkan staf kontraktor mengalami banyak tekanan. Apabila hal itu terjadi secara terus menerus, orang tersebut dapat mengalami stres. Stres merupakan respon yang berbahaya dari seorang, baik secara fisik maupun emosional. Kondisi ini juga dapat berdampak buruk/negatif pada staf kontraktor, contohnya menurunnya produktivitas dan kepuasan kerja. Penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat stres serta faktor-faktor penyebabnya pada staf kontraktor. Target responden berupa staf kontraktor yang bekerja secara langsung pada lokasi proyek di Surabaya dan sekitarnya. Data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS). Hasil dari pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa staf kontraktor mengalami tingkat stres subjektif yang tergolong sedang dan tingkat stres objektif yang tergolong sangat rendah. Sementara, faktor-faktor penyebab stres yang memiliki nilai mean yang paling tinggi adalah beban kerja berlebihan dan birokrasi dari organisasi. Sedangkan, hasil pengujian SEM-PLS menunjukkan ada enam hubungan yang signifikan.
Untangling the Meaning of Photos in Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
Authors: Permatasari Nabila , Suryani Ani Wilujeng
Published: May 2023

This study aims to identify and analyze the meaning of photos in sustainability reports. Visual content analysis was used to determine the motives for using 1823 photos contained in 19 sustainability reports and 24 annual reports of mining companies. Mining companies are vulnerable to conflict because of the environmental pollution they cause; consequently, their legitimacy is threatened. The findings show that 32.58% of the total photos are community-related. Most photos depict the company's relationship with surrounding community groups. In addition, the company's CSR reports include several photos related to the environment, such as unpolluted nature. This is done in an effort to increase the company's legitimacy. Regarding employment practices and decent work, more photos of men than women are displayed, indicating that the mining industry is male-dominated. These findings provide a framework for informing and persuading stakeholders to appreciate the information presented in photographs.
Os despossuídos: debates sobre a lei referente ao furto de madeira [Karl Marx]
Authors: Saboya de Castro Mota Luiz Gustavo
Published: May 2023

Resenha crítica do livro Os despossuídos: debates sobre a lei referente ao furto de madeira, de Karl Marx, editado pela Boitempo em 2017.
A importância da concepção da Enquete operária de Marx para pesquisas no âmbito do sindicalismo em Educação
Authors: Silva Amanda Moreira da
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem como aporte o referencial teórico-metodológico de Marx, principalmente a Enquete operária, publicada em 1880. O objetivo é resgatar o questionário de Marx tratando-o como um instrumento valioso para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas no sindicalismo em Educação. Assim, serão abordados: i) a concepção da Enquete operária, localizada no contexto histórico em que foi produzida, trazendo os seus princípios, objetivos e elementos metodológicos; ii) a importância da utilização desse instrumento no interior do sindicalismo em Educação, trazendo como exemplo empírico uma pesquisa realizada pela Associação dos Docentes da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Asduerj), realizada no período da crise sanitária da Covid-19.
Educação para o mercado: notas a partir da teoria da alienação marxiana
Authors: Trentin Rech Lucas
Published: May 2023

Esse trabalho parte de uma apresentação da teoria da alienação marxiana, ressaltando a importância da separação do ser humano dos meios de produção necessários à sua subsistência para, então, compreender os limites de uma educação humanista em uma sociedade de tipo capitalista. O argumento principal defenderá a incompatibilidade entre uma educação de massas comandada pelas instituições burguesas, públicas ou privadas, e uma educação de caráter humanista e transformador. Para se chegar a esse argumento é apresentada também a visão da educação de massas na economia política clássica.
A dimensão dialética do trabalho na produção científica da educação
Authors: Nunes Pereira Sheila
Published: May 2023

É surpreendente, considerando a importância decisiva que Marx deu ao duplo caráter do trabalho, como a contradição entre o trabalho concreto e o trabalho abstrato tenha recebido pouca atenção na produção científica da área da educação. Neste artigo, buscamos analisar como a dimensão dialética do trabalho é apreendida pela produção científica da educação. Para tal objetivo, na primeira seção, propomos identificar o nexo dialético entre as propriedades da mercadoria e as determinações do duplo caráter do trabalho na teoria marxiana; na segunda seção, buscamos identificar a concepção da produção científica da educação em teses e dissertações sobre a dimensão dialética do trabalho, mediante análise crítica do conteúdo. A princípio, dada a delimitação da pesquisa, identificamos duas concepções distintas: uma que nega o caráter transhistórico do trabalho concreto, outra que reduz o trabalho abstrato a trabalho produtivo.
Lições de rebeldia: o materialismo histórico-dialético na obra de Maria Helena Souza Patto
Authors: Viégas Lygia de Sousa
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo analisa a presença do materialismo histórico-dialético na obra de Maria Helena Souza Patto. Professora aposentada do Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Patto é considerada divisora de águas no campo da psicologia escolar e educacional brasileira, criando tensionamentos importantes na área. Iniciando sua trajetória acadêmica no bojo das teorias ambientalistas, o encontro de Patto com o materialismo histórico-dialético abriu fissuras na compreensão do fracasso escolar e da desigualdade social no país. Respeitando os movimentos de sua obra, são tecidos apontamentos sobre aspectos do materialismo histórico-dialético que constituem seu pensamento e produção de pesquisas.
A cruz de Cristo contra o "perigo vermelho": a ação educativa da Igreja na organização dos sindicatos rurais no sertão da Paraíba
Authors: Souza Francisco das Chagas Silva
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo, objetiva-se discutir a ação educativa da Igreja Católica na organização e condução do Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais de Pombal e Lagoa (STRPL), criado em 1963, no sertão da Paraíba. Foram analisadas as 15 primeiras atas desse Sindicato nas quais se vê a participação efetiva do Cônego Oriel Fernandes na direção das reuniões, oportunidade em que pregava a união entre as classes, reforçava o anticomunismo e transmitia as notícias do Brasil e do mundo. A partir de uma abordagem marxista, considera-se que esse e outros padres cujos nomes estão presentes nas atas desempenharam o papel de intelectuais, exercendo sua hegemonia ao liderar e controlar ideologicamente os trabalhadores rurais associados ao STRPL.
Nise da Silveira: depoimento (1992)
Authors: Da Silveira Nise
Published: May 2023

Nise da Silveira foi uma psiquiatra brasileira amplamente conhecida pelo seu trabalho na psiquiatria em meados do século XX. Nise se recusou a trabalhar com eletrochoques ou lobotomia e apostou na arte e interação de animais como formas de tratamento para a saúde mental, pautando, assim, formas de tratamento mais humanizadas para as pessoas. A história da vida de Nise e sua relação com a militância no Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB) nem sempre é muito divulgada e entendemos que conhecê-la é essencial para, inclusive, entendermos sua atuação profissional
 Neste processo de resgate da memória a Germinal: marxismo e educação em debate traz partes de uma entrevista de duas horas e 30 minutos de duração, realizada pela professora  Dulce Chaves Pandolfi com a Nise da Silveira em 1992. A entrevista foi realizada no contexto da pesquisa "Trajetória e Desempenho das Elites Políticas Brasileiras", parte integrante do projeto institucional do Programa de História Oral do Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (CPDOC) em vigência desde sua criação, em 1975.
O fim da discricionariedade? Uma revisão crítica do giro democrático-constitucional do direito administrativo.
Authors: Cantarelli Luiz Guilherme Pessoa
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo é promover a discussão crítica de alguns dos aspectos teóricos sensíveis do que se pode chamar de “giro democrático-constitucional do direito administrativo”, conforme proposto por Gustavo Binenbojm. Mais especificamente, pretende-se discutir aqui a pretensão da limitação da discricionariedade administrativa por meio do uso de princípios jurídicos. O quanto estes princípios, de fato, são capazes de reduzir das margens de discricionariedade dadas à administração? A fim de responder a esta pergunta, consideram-se aqui objeções quanto à irracionalidade e à hiper-racionalidade da ponderação de princípios. Ao final, conclui-se que, se os princípios podem de fato ser um instrumento idôneo para a limitação da discricionariedade da administração, é necessária alguma parcimônia na sua aplicação, a fim de que eles não produzam exatamente os resultados que a sua introdução do discurso jurídico pretende evitar.
Longitudinal Outcomes of Cumulative Impact Exposure on Oculomotor Functioning in Professional Motorsport Drivers
Authors: Ransom Danielle M. , Ahumada Luis M. , Mularoni P. Patrick , Trammell Terry R. ,   Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital/INDYCAR Research Collaboration, Billows Geoff L.
Published: May 2023

Importance

Professional motorsport drivers are regularly exposed to biomechanical forces comparable with those experienced by contact and collision sport athletes, and little is known about the potential short-term and long-term neurologic sequelae.

Objective

To determine whether cumulative impact exposure is associated with oculomotor functioning in motorsport drivers from the INDYCAR professional open-wheel automobile racing series.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This is a longitudinal retrospective cohort study conducted across 3 racing seasons (2017-2019). Statistical analyses were conducted in November 2021. Data were retrieved from a secondary care setting associated with the INDYCAR series. INDYCAR series drivers who participated in 3 professional level racing seasons and were involved in at least 1 contact incident (ie, crash) in 2 of the 3 seasons were included in the study.

Exposure

Cumulative acceleration and deceleration forces and total contact incidents (ie, crashes) measured via accident data recorder third generation chassis and ear accelerometers.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Postseries oculomotor performance, including predictive saccades, vergence smooth pursuit, and optokinetic nystagmus, was measured annually with a head-mounted, clinical eye tracking system (Neurolign Dx 100).

Results

Thirteen drivers (mean [SD] age, 29.36 [7.82] years; all men) sustained median resultant acceleration forces of 38.15 g (observed range, 12.01-93.05 g; 95% CI, 30.62-65.81 g) across 81 crashes. A 2-way multivariate analysis of variance did not reveal a statistically significant association between ear and chassis average resultant g forces, total number of contact incidents, and racing season assessed (F9,12 = 0.955; P = .54; Wilks Λ = 0.44).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study of professional drivers from the INDYCAR series, there were no statistically significant associations among cumulative impact exposure, racing season assessed, and oculomotor performance. Longitudinal studies across racing seasons using multidimensional examination modalities (eg, neurocognitive testing, advanced imaging, biomarkers, and physical examination) are critical to understand potential neurological and neurobehavioral sequelae and long-term consequences of cumulative impact exposure.