Karakter Fisik Umbi Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium ascaloncium L.)
Authors: Widiayani Nuniek , Syam'un Elkawakib , Dariati Tigin , Iswoyo Hari , Dungga Novaty Eny , Faried Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to analyze the various physical characteristics of the bulbs of several shallot varieties, which are widely developed in Indonesia. The various characteristics of shallot bulbs are essential to know. This research was conducted from May to June 2023 at the Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi. The study was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD). Seven varieties of onions are the object of research namely Sanren F1 F1, Lokana, Rubaru, Ambassador 3 Agrihorti, Violetta 2 Agrihorti, Kramat 1 1, dan Mentes . Sampling was done randomly on each treatment plot. The number of bulbs sampled was 5 per variety in each replication. The parameters observed included equatorial diameter (cm), polar diameter (cm), bulb thickness (cm), average geometric diameter (cm), average arithmetic diameter (cm), bulb weight (g), and bulb volume (cm3), and shape index, then those parameters are calculated using formulas. The Lokana variety has the largest bulb size compared to other varieties. In general, the seven shallot varieties had equatorial diameters ranging from 2.03 to 3.02 cm, polar diameters ranging from 2.51 to 3.12 cm, bulb thickness ranging from 2.25 to 2.73 cm, bulb weights ranging from 6. 30 – 14.36 g, the volume between 7.60 – 26.27 cm3, geometric diameter between 2.29 – 2.95 cm, arithmetic diameter between 2.29 – 2.96 cm. The Lokana variety has greater physical characteristics than other varieties.
Penelitian mengenai karakter fisik umbi bawang merah masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis berbagai karakter fisik dan geometrikal umbi beberapa varietas bawang merah yang banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Berbagai karakter dari umbi bawang merah menjadi penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Mei hingga Juni 2023, di Teaching Farm, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, pada ketinggian 9 mdpl.  Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Tujuh varietas bawang yang menjadi objek penelitian yaitu Sanren F1 F1, Lokana, Rubaru, Ambassador 3 Agrihorti, Violetta 2 Agrihorti, Kramat 1 1, dan Mentes. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak pada setiap petakan perlakuan. Jumlah umbi yang dijadikan sampel sebanyak 5 buah per varietas pada setiap ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi diameter equitorial (cm), diameter polar (cm), tebal umbi (cm), rata-rata diameter geometrik (cm), rata-rata diameter aritmetika (cm), bobot umbi (g), volume umbi (cm3), dan indeks bentuk, lalu parameter tersebut dihitung menggunakan rumus. Varietas Lokana memiliki ukuran umbi yang paling besar, dibandingkan varietas lainnya. Tujuh varietas bawang merah memiliki diameter equitorial berkisar antara 2,03 – 3,02 cm, diameter polar antara 2,51 – 3,12 cm, ketebalan umbi antara 2,25 – 2,73 cm, bobot umbi antara 6,30 – 14,36 g, volume antara 7,60 – 26,27 cm3, diameter geometrik antara 2,29 – 2,95 cm, diameter aritmetik antara 2,29 – 2,96 cm. Varietas Lokana memiliki karakter fisik yang lebih besar dibandingkan varietas lainnya.