bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing Modular Layouts to Increase Scalability of Production Facilities
Authors: Alwi Muhammad , Kajang Gideon , Irwanto Miko Mei
Published: February 2025

Modular layouts have become a relevant design strategy in improving the efficiency and scalability of production facilities, especially in the face of the challenges of market dynamics and sustainability needs. This study aims to analyze the application of modular layout in improving the scalability of production facilities through a literature study approach. The data used came from various journal articles, technical reports, and academic books published in the last five years. The analysis was carried out by the content analysis method to explore the principles of modular design, its advantages in operational efficiency, and the challenges faced in implementation. The results show that the modular layout supports high flexibility through design standardization, allowing for adjustment of production capacity without disrupting key operations. This approach also reduces operational costs and risks through systems that can be maintained and repaired modularly. However, its implementation requires significant initial investment as well as adequate workforce training. This research emphasizes the importance of careful planning and the adoption of digital technologies such as computer-based simulations to ensure the success of modular systems.
The pet prediction problem solved based on the Random Forest-ARIMA ensemble algorithm
Authors: Wang Pengbin , Hu Zhenyu
Published: February 2025

With the enhancement of consumer awareness, the pet industry market size has been steadily increasing, becoming a leading emerging sector. As more people treat pets as family members, the demand for pet-related products and services continues to rise, making accurate forecasting of market trends essential for industry growth. This paper aims to explore the future development trends of the pet industry and formulate sustainable planning strategies by employing flexible prediction methods based on historical data. To address the research needs, this paper first utilizes Python-based web scraping techniques to deeply mine relevant industry data and compile an "initial dataset". This dataset, however, contains missing values, which are filled using the mode imputation method. Subsequently, the built-in find function in MATLAB is applied to traverse the dataset files and ensure that there are no outliers present. After processing the data, correlations between various indicators are examined, and relevant features are extracted for further analysis. To predict the number of pet cats and dogs in China over the next three years, a Random Forest-Multiple Linear Regression-ARIMA integrated model is constructed. The results from this model show that the pet cat population will be approximately 65 million, 57 million, and 90 million in the coming years, while the pet dog population will be around 52 million, 54 million, and 52 million. These predictions provide valuable insights into the future of the pet industry, helping businesses and policymakers plan and strategize for sustainable growth.
Le patrimoine : une affaire de
famille
Authors: Bessière Céline , Pugliese Maude
Published: February 2025

Cadre de la recherche : Depuis une
dizaine d’années, la recherche en sciences sociales a été profondément
renouvelée par une mesure des inégalités socio-économiques qui ne tient plus
seulement compte des situations socio-professionnelles, des revenus d’emploi ou
des diplômes, mais aussi des patrimoines. Or, le patrimoine – qu’il soit hérité,
épargné ou accumulé par les rendements sur investissement – est une affaire de
famille, qui met en jeu les trois grandes dimensions de la parenté : la
filiation, la germanité et l’alliance.

Objectifs :
Faire dialoguer la littérature sur les inégalités socio-économiques de
patrimoine avec les sciences sociales de la famille.

Méthodologie : Cet article introductif s’appuie sur une
revue de littérature de diverses disciplines en sciences sociales en économie,
sociologie, démographie, histoire, anthropologie, philosophie politique et
droit.

Résultats : Ce
numéro de la revue Enfances Familles Générations est un
plaidoyer pour que les sciences sociales tiennent compte tout à la fois des
liens et des biens familiaux à partir des questions concrètes de l’héritage, du
mariage, de l’endettement, de l’accession à la propriété immobilière. Le
patrimoine, son accumulation, sa préservation et sa transmission sont en fait
des préoccupations au sein des familles de tous les milieux
sociaux.

Conclusion :
Les dynamiques familiales - en interaction avec les multiples acteurs du
champ familial – participent à la structuration des inégalités économiques
intrafamiliales (notamment de genre) et interfamiliales (notamment de classe et
de race). Mais l’exploration des inégalités en matière d’avoirs et de dettes
permet aussi de mieux comprendre les rapports familiaux puisque le patrimoine
est au cœur du faire famille.

Contribution :  Cet article introductif affirme
l’importance d’étudier les stratégies patrimoniales familiales au sein de toutes
les classes sociales et de multiplier les contextes historiques, nationaux et
culturels d’étude.
Review of Trajectories of Empire: Transhispanic Reflections on the African Diaspora. Vanderbilt UP, 2022, edited by Jerome C. Branche.
Authors: Lawo Sukam Alain
Published: February 2025

Trajectories of Empire: Transhispanic Reflections on the African Diaspora, edited by Jerome Branche, is an interdisciplinary research work that provides a better understanding of the presence of Africans in the Iberian Peninsula and the Ibero-American empire. The book is an effective reading of the journey and settlement of Africans in the Iberian Peninsula from the fifteen-century as well as their living conditions in Cuba and Brazil. From enslaved and freed individual to swordsman, leaders and venerable, afrodescendant experiences are not monolithic nor homogeneous but diverse and multidimensional. By using case studies in their research papers, the authors personalize human experiences at a microlevel and show how different aspects of an afrodescendant's life are related to and also different from each other. This method is also a way of relativizing general assumptions that might not correspond to individual context.
Reseña El imperio en casa
Authors: Ramírez Nayra
Published: February 2025

Breve  reseña del libro El imperio en casa: género, raza y nación en la España contemporánea
Linguistic Personality in the Old English Epic "Beowulf": a study of heroic and social elements
Authors: Wuren Gaowa
Published: February 2025

The subject of the study is the system of hero nominations and titles in the Old English epic "Beowulf" as a reflection of the linguistic personality and cultural concepts of Anglo-Saxon society. Special attention is paid to the analysis of an extensive system of nominations for warriors and rulers, reflecting the complex social hierarchy and value orientations of society. The author examines in detail the nominations related to the institution of donation, which allows for a deeper understanding of the social mechanisms and cultural concepts of the era. The research is aimed at identifying the features of the linguistic worldview and the social structure of the Anglo-Saxons through the prism of the nomination system in the epic. This study also seeks to uncover the relationship between the linguistic features of the nominations and their cultural and historical context, which contributes to a deeper understanding of Anglo-Saxon society and its literary traditions. The research methodology includes linguistic, cultural and conceptual analysis, as well as elements of historical and comparative linguistics. A comprehensive approach is applied to the analysis of nominations in terms of reflecting linguistic personality and cultural concepts in them. The main conclusions of the study are the identification of an extensive system of nominations in the epic "Beowulf", reflecting the complex social hierarchy and value orientations of Anglo-Saxon society, as well as the establishment of a link between nominations and the institution of giving. A special contribution of the author is a comprehensive analysis of the nominations of heroes, which made it possible to identify deep connections between linguistic structures and the socio-cultural realities of Anglo-Saxon society. The novelty of the research lies in the integration of linguistic analysis methods with cultural and historical approaches, which provided a new perspective on the relationship between language, culture and social structure in the context of the Old English epic. The results of the research make a significant contribution to the fields of historical linguistics, cultural studies, literary studies and social anthropology, providing a new perspective on the relationship between language, culture and social structure in the context of the Old English epic. The analysis of the nominations in "Beowulf" revealed the deep connections between linguistic structures and the socio-cultural realities of Anglo-Saxon society.
Chalkophore mediated respiratory oxidase flexibility controls M. tuberculosis virulence
Authors: Buglino John A , Ozakman Yaprak , Hatch Chad , Benjamin Anna , Tan Derek , Glickman Michael S
Published: February 2025

Oxidative phosphorylation has emerged as a critical therapeutic vulnerability of
M. tuberculosis
(Mtb). However, it is unknown how intracellular bacterial pathogens such as Mtb maintain respiration during infection despite the chemical effectors of host immunity.
Mtb
synthesizes diisonitrile lipopeptides that tightly chelate copper, but the role of these chalkophores in host-pathogen interactions is also unknown. We demonstrate that
M. tuberculosis
chalkophores maintain the function of the heme-copper

bcc:aa
3

respiratory oxidase under copper limitation. Chalkophore deficiency impairs Mtb survival, respiration to oxygen, and ATP production under copper deprivation in culture, effects that are exacerbated by loss of the heme dependent Cytochrome BD respiratory oxidase. Our genetic analyses indicate that maintenance of respiration is the only cellular target of chalkophore mediated copper acquisition.
M. tuberculosis
lacking chalkophore biosynthesis is attenuated in mice, a phenotype that is also severely exacerbated by loss of the CytBD respiratory oxidase. We find that the host immune pressure that attenuates chalkophore deficient
Mtb
is independent of adaptive immunity and neutrophils. These data demonstrate that chalkophores counter host inflicted copper deprivation and highlight a multilayered system by which
M. tuberculosis
maintains respiration during infection.
To be, or not to be, part-time in academia
Authors: English Sinead , Santos M Emília , Buckley Clare , Hammond Chrissy L , Lloyd-Fox Sarah , Ockendon-Powell Nina F
Published: February 2025

Part-time working can be beneficial for individual academics, and also for academia as a whole. In addition to improving work-life balance and well-being, the benefits of part-time working include increased motivation, reduced burnout, and workplaces that are more diverse and inclusive. Here, six researchers who have experience of working part-time discuss what individuals, employers and funders can do to promote and support part-time working in academia.
Differences in HIV-1 reservoir size, landscape characteristics, and decay dynamics in acute and chronic treated HIV-1 Clade C infection
Authors: Reddy Kavidha , Lee Guinevere Q , Reddy Nicole , Chikowore Tatenda JB , Baisley Kathy , Dong Krista L , Walker Bruce D , Yu Xu G , Lichterfeld Mathias , Ndung'u Thumbi
Published: February 2025

Persisting HIV reservoir viruses in resting CD4 T cells and other cellular subsets are a barrier to cure efforts. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) enables post-treatment viral control in some cases, but mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesised that ART initiated before peak viremia impacts HIV-1 subtype C reservoirs. We studied 35 women at high risk of infection from Durban, South Africa, identified with hyperacute HIV by twice-weekly HIV-RNA testing. Participants included 11 starting ART at a median of 456 (297–1203) days post-onset of viremia (DPOV) and 24 at 1 (1–3) DPOV. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used to measured total HIV-1 DNA by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and sequence viral reservoir genomes by full-length proviral sequencing (FLIP-seq). ART during hyperacute infection blunted peak viremia (p<0.0001), but contemporaneous total HIV-1 DNA did not differ (p=0.104). Over 1 year, a decline of total HIV-1 DNA was observed in early treated persons (p=0.0004), but not late treated. Among 697 viral genome sequences, the proviral genetic landscape differed between untreated, late treated, and early treated groups. Intact genomes after 1 year were higher in untreated (31%) versus late treated (14%) and early treated (0%). Treatment in both late and early infection caused more rapid decay of intact (13% and 51% per month) versus defective (2% and 35%) viral genomes. However, intact genomes persisted 1 year post chronic treatment but were undetectable with early ART. Early ART also reduced phylogenetic diversity of intact genomes and limited cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune escape variants in the reservoir. Overall, ART initiated in hyperacute HIV-1 subtype C infection did not impact reservoir seeding but was associated with rapid intact viral genome decay, reduced genetic complexity, and limited immune escape, which may accelerate reservoir clearance in combination with other interventional strategies.
Systems genomics of salinity stress response in rice
Authors: Gupta Sonal , Niels Groen Simon , Zaidem Maricris L , Sajise Andres Godwin C , Calic Irina , Natividad Mignon , McNally Kenneth , Vergara Georgina V , Satija Rahul , Franks Steven J , Singh Rakesh K , Joly-Lopez Zoé , Purugganan Michael D
Published: February 2025

Populations can adapt to stressful environments through changes in gene expression. However, the fitness effect of gene expression in mediating stress response and adaptation remains largely unexplored. Here, we use an integrative field dataset obtained from 780 plants of Oryza sativa ssp. indica (rice) grown in a field experiment under normal or moderate salt stress conditions to examine selection and evolution of gene expression variation under salinity stress conditions. We find that salinity stress induces increased selective pressure on gene expression. Further, we show that trans-eQTLs rather than cis-eQTLs are primarily associated with rice’s gene expression under salinity stress, potentially via a few master-regulators. Importantly, and contrary to the expectations, we find that cis-trans reinforcement is more common than cis-trans compensation which may be reflective of rice diversification subsequent to domestication. We further identify genetic fixation as the likely mechanism underlying this compensation/reinforcement. Additionally, we show that cis- and trans-eQTLs are under balancing and purifying selection, respectively, giving us insights into the evolutionary dynamics of gene expression variation. By examining genomic, transcriptomic, and phenotypic variation across a rice population, we gain insights into the molecular and genetic landscape underlying adaptive salinity stress responses, which is relevant for other crops and other stresses.
Sykepleieres holdninger til involvering av pårørende
Authors: Aasan Olaug Julie , Bjerkan Jorunn , Torvik Karin , Nordtug Bente
Published: February 2025

Fremover blir det trolig flere pasienter med omsorgsbehov og færre sykepleiere. Pårørende får en mer omfattende omsorgsrolle, og samarbeidet med de pårørende blir derfor sentralt. Hensikten med studien var å undersøke sykepleiernes holdninger til å involvere pårørende, og se på om det var forskjeller mellom sykepleiere i kommunehelsetjenesten og i sykehus. Videre om det var forhold som innvirket på holdningene. Studien var en tverrsnittstudie med spørreskjema (Importance in Nursing Care – Nurses’ Attitudes - the FINC-NA) i et bekvemmelighetsutvalg med sykepleiere fra bygder, tettbygde strøk og små byer i Midt-Norge (N = 318). Det var ingen forskjell mellom sykepleiere i kommunehelsetjenesten og i sykehus, og det var vanlig å vise omsorg for pårørende. Pårørende ble sett på som en ressurs for pasientene og som viktige samarbeidspartnere, og sykepleiere med videreutdanning hadde mer positive holdninger.
Disturbance history alters the development of the HPA axis in altricial nestling birds
Authors: Barati Ahmad , Crino Ondi L. , McDonald Paul G. , Buchanan Katherine L.
Published: February 2025

Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones regulate the vertebrate stress response and are secreted by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Acute elevation of GCs is thought be adaptive because it promotes physiological and behavioural changes that allow animals to cope with disturbances. In contrast, chronic elevation of GCs is associated with reduced body condition, immune function, reproductive success, and survival. In adult birds, the effects of chronic stress have been well documented, including human-related disturbances. In contrast, the effects of chronic stress on nestlings have rarely been addressed. This is of interest, as many ecological or monitoring studies of wild birds require nestlings to be regularly handled. However, the consequences of repeated handling of nestlings on HPA axis function and body mass in wild birds remain poorly quantified. We examined whether daily exposure to handling stress increased corticosterone (the dominant avian glucocorticoid) secretion and reduced pre-fledging body mass relative to undisturbed control nestlings of the noisy miner (Manorina melanocephala), a native Australian passerine bird. Daily handling resulted in an elevated baseline and attenuated stress-induced corticosterone levels in disturbed 14-day nestlings, in comparison with control nestlings handled for the first time. Despite this, disturbed and control nestlings fledged at a similar body mass. Baseline and stress-induced corticosterone increased with nestling age but remained independent of nestling sex and hatching order. Our findings are some of the first to suggest that chronic handling stress causes physiological alterations to the development of the HPA axis in nestling birds, and our data suggest that researchers should minimise or account for handling stress in their experiments. These data also raise the possibility that other chronic stressors may have long term physiological consequences for the development of the HPA axis in nestling birds.
Análise do impacto do Programa Agentes Locais de Inovação: Transformação Digital no Distrito Federal em 2023
Authors: Marques Gilmar dos Santos , Farias Klingerly de Oliveira , Leite Jéssyca Faviero Luccas
Published: February 2025

Este artigo avalia a eficácia do Programa Agentes Locais de Inovação – Transformação Digital (ALI TD) no Distrito Federal (DF) em 2023, focando na relação custo-benefício através de indicadores financeiros e operacionais. A pesquisa aborda a insuficiência de avaliações sobre o impacto do ALI TD em investimento, receita, custo mensal e payback. A análise é justificada pela necessidade de compreender o papel do programa na promoção da inovação e competitividade entre micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs) no Brasil. Utilizando uma abordagem quantitativa, o estudo compara dados de empresas participantes do ALI TD no DF com médias regionais e nacionais. Os resultados mostram que 85% das empresas no DF tiveram ganhos mensais de até R$ 10.000,00 após a adoção de tecnologias digitais, em linha com a média nacional e regional de 90%. O retorno sobre o investimento no DF foi de R$ 2,04 para cada R$ 1,00 investido, abaixo da média nacional de R$ 2,43 e da Região Centro-Oeste de R$ 3,34. A relação custo-benefício no DF foi de R$ 11,87 por R$ 1,00 em custo tecnológico, também inferior às médias nacional e regional. O payback médio no DF foi de 15 dias, maior que a média regional de 9 dias e nacional de 12 dias. Conclui-se que o ALI TD é um catalisador significativo para a transformação digital das MPEs no DF, mas há oportunidades para otimizar seu impacto com estratégias personalizadas e políticas públicas que considerem especificidades locais. Monitoramento contínuo é vital para a sustentabilidade dos ganhos a longo prazo.
Design and In silico Validation of Primers for Assessing Gene Expression in the Canonical Inflammatory Pathway
Authors: Sousa Ian Jhemes Oliveira , Nogueira Kerolayne de Melo , Silva Higo José Neri da , Pereira Ester Miranda
Published: February 2025

Aims: This study aimed to design and validate primers to investigate the expression of key genes of the canonical inflammation pathway, specifically NEMO (NF-kappaB Essential Modulator), MyD88 and IL-1β, in order to ensure feasibility, specificity and efficiency for use in RT-qPCR.
Study Design:  This is an experimental study aimed at the design and validation of primers using in silico strategies.
Methodology: FASTA sequences for key genes of the canonical inflammation pathway were obtained from the NCBI database and open reading frames (ORFs) were identified using the ORF Finder tool, while conserved domains were annotated using the NCBI conserved domains database. Primers were designed using OligoPerfect Primer Designer (ThermoFisher) based on parameters such as primer length (18–22 bp), GC content (40–60%) and melting temperature (57–63 °C). The primers were further validated in silico using OligoAnalyzer (IDTDNA) to assess their thermodynamic properties, such as hairpin formation and self-dimers, as well as confirmation of specificity by NCBI BLAST analysis.
Results: The designed primers exhibited optimal characteristics for gene amplification by PCR, including hairpin formation temperatures between 35.4°C and 49.5°C and melting temperatures above 63°C. The amplicons ranged from 88 to 136 bp, which is considered an acceptable standard for qPCR analysis. Pairwise analysis on the NCBI BLAST platform confirmed species specificity for Mus musculus, with the genes of interest showing additional compatibility with Rattus norvegicus in two (Myd88 and IL 1β) of the three primers. These findings support the applicability of the primers to detect and quantify transcripts of key genes of the canonical inflammatory pathway in tissue from laboratory animal specimens.
Conclusion: The validated primers provide the possibility for the amplification and quantification of key genes in the canonical inflammation pathway. This methodology ensures sensitivity and specificity for gene expression studies in the Mus Muscullus animal model, supporting future experimental applications in preclinical models of inflammation and  autoimmunity.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Microorganism-enriched Vermicompost on Potato Yield and Growth Parameters in Bahadurpur, India
Authors: Mal Sujit , Chattopadhyay Gunindra Nath
Published: February 2025

An effort was made to compare the efficiency of the microbiologically treated vermicompost with conventionally prepared vermicompost through an on-farm trial. All the beneficial microbiological management practices, identified were put together to produce a microbially enriched vermicompost and the results of applications of this vermicompost was compared with those of traditionally prepared vermicompost under integrated plant nutrition system using potato as the test crop. It has been revealed that the study will help in developing a clear concept about the efficiency of such microbially enriched vermicompost in producing crops and maintaining soil fertility.
The Impact of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) on Plant Growth, Micro-rhizome Induction and Phytochemical Content of Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) Using Two In-vitro Culture System
Authors: N. A. Noor Camellia, , A. Nora’ini, , R. Izlamira, , A. H. S. Mirfat, , I. Ahmad Arif, , S. Yaseer,
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) on shoot multiplication, micro-rhizome induction, and 5,7,4-trimethoxyflavone content in Kaempferia parviflora, commonly known as kunyit hitam or black ginger. Explants were cultivated using two culture systems, conventional semi-solid medium and the temporary immersion system (RITA®) with varying BAP concentrations (0 to 7.5 mg/L). Results revealed that BAP concentration significantly influenced shoot and root development. Optimal shoot proliferation was achieved at 2.5 mg/L BAP, while root growth decreased at higher concentrations. The semi-solid culture system outperformed RITA® in overall plantlet development and micro-rhizome fresh weight. Phytochemical analysis indicated that antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content were enhanced under higher BAP concentrations and were further increased through drying. Additionally, the semi-solid system yielded higher levels of 5,7,4-trimethoxyflavone compared to RITA®. These findings demonstrate that BAP optimization is critical for efficient propagation and secondary metabolite enhancement in K. parviflora, offering insights for improved cultivation and phytochemical enrichment strategies.
Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae-associated Urinary Tract Infections in a Geriatric Population in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Onyemaechi Collins Micah, , Uchechukwu Onyemaechi, , Easter Godwin Nwokah, , Tombari Pius Monsi,
Published: February 2025

Background: Bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family are responsible for most of the urinary tract infection globally with disproportionate levels of burden among vulnerable populations.
Aim: This study evaluated the burden and also characterized the species of bacteria associated with a disadvantaged population, the geriatric group, in the Port Harcourt metropolis of Rivers State in Nigeria.
Study Design: This study was a cross-sectional study which employed a simple random sampling method.
Methods: Conventional techniques were used to isolate the pathogen. Molecular methods were used to confirm the 16S rRNA, NDM-1, KPC and QnrA genes. Gene sequencing was performed on the 16S rRNA gene and an evolutionary relationship tree was plotted.
Results: The prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among the elderly was 33.3% with the females having (32.6%) a higher prevalence than the males (31.3%). Escherichia coli had the highest prevalence (38%) while Proteus mirabilis showed the lowest level of prevalence. The cephalosporin class of antibiotics demonstrated the highest resistance profile (100%). NDM-1 targeted gene (550 bp) was detected in one of the Klebsiella pneumoniae while the KPC targeted gene (600 bp) was detected in another Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates. The 16S rRNA of the isolates confirmed the isolates to be closely related to Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated the presence of a recently discovered resistance gene (NDM-1) among the geriatric populations.
Nursing care in the prevention and early detection of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: an integrative review / Assistência de enfermagem na prevenção e detecção precoce da neuropatia periférica diabética: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Aylla Sandrini Ferreira de , Silva Matheus Vinicius Barbosa da , Neto Nelson Miguel Galindo , Sanches Luiz Miguel Picelli , Veras Juliana Lourenço de Araújo , Santos Ellen Cristina Barbosa dos
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: verificar a produção científica relacionada à assistência de enfermagem na prevenção e identificação precoce da Neuropatia Periférica Diabética (NPD) em usuários com Diabetes mellitus. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, tendo seu processo de seleção  e elegibilidade dos estudos baseado nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e SciELO, no período de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: foram incluídos na amostra nove artigos científicos que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão. Observou-se que a assistência de enfermagem apresenta-se pautada na educação em saúde como estratégia para prevenção da doença; na elaboração de planos de ação para o manejo efetivo dos fatores de risco associados, os quais predispõem o desenvolvimento e evolução da doença; na realização precoce do diagnóstico, por meio do rastreamento dos sinais e sintomas, exame clínico dos pés e demais testes preventivos durante a consulta de enfermagem e no estímulo para o autocuidado guiado pelo profissional de saúde. Conclusão: evidencia-se como fundamental a atuação do enfermeiro nas ações orientadas para a prevenção e tratamento precoce da NPD.
Epidemiological Profile of Lung Cancer Cases in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mossoró / Perfil epidemiológico de casos de câncer de pulmão no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 em Mossoró
Authors: Da Silva Ana Beatriz , Costa Kalidia Felipe de Lima , Batista Karla Regina Figueirôa , Barros Renata Janice Morais Lima Ferreira , Morais Letícia Emilly da Silva , Morais Lívia Natany Sousa
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: analisar casos de câncer de pulmão no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no município de Mossoró. Método: pesquisa realizada na Liga Mossoroense de Estudos e Combate ao Câncer. A amostra correspondeu aos pacientes com neoplasia pulmonar, em especial os diagnosticados e iniciaram o tratamento entre 2018 e 2021. Resultados: a idade média foi 67 anos, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino, casadas. O ano de maior incidência de diagnóstico foi 2021 e a ocupação agricultor foi a de maior prevalência, e a maioria não possuía escolaridade, eram ex-fumantes. O adenocarcinoma foi o subtipo de maior prevalência, tendo a tosse como principal sintoma. O método de tratamento predominante foi a quimioterapia junto com a radioterapia e o estágio IV foi o de maior prevalência, com presença de metástases, tendo o óbito como principal prognóstico. Conclusão:  sugere-se outras pesquisas semelhantes em diferentes hospitais de referência para atendimento aos pacientes oncológicos.
Knowledge and perception of nursing students about palliative care / Conhecimento e percepção dos acadêmicos de enfermagem acerca dos cuidados paliativos
Authors: Jorge Oliveira Gomes Beatriz , Maria Canato Garcia Gláucia , Vitória Souza da Silva Lorena , Boska Mantovani Eloah , Regina Marchiori Antunes Araújo Claudia , Silva Marcon Sonia
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: apreender a concepção dos graduandos de enfermagem de uma universidade pública do noroeste do Paraná acerca dos CP. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva-exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, envolveu entrevistas com 15 acadêmicos de enfermagem uma universidade pública, realizado entre setembro de 2023 e janeiro de 2024 após aprovação do projeto pelo parecer nº 6.320.734.  Resultados: os resultados revelaram concepções variadas, parte dos estudantes associa o CP à humanização e qualidade de vida, outros vinculam apenas ao cuidado em fase terminal. Uma carência de abordagem durante a graduação foi destacada, sendo a experiência em projetos de extensão o principal meio de contato com o tema. Considerações finais: conclui-se que a formação em CP é limitada e precisa ser ampliada para incluir abordagens teórico-práticas na graduação. A inclusão de disciplinas específicas e metodologias ativas, como simulações, pode preencher lacunas e preparar futuros enfermeiros para uma assistência prestada.
Expression of a human insulin transgene in cholinergic neurons of the mouse medial habenula
Authors: Douhet Philippe , Destrade Claude , Bucchini Danielle , Calas André
Published: July 2002

Summary— We explored the possibility that an insulin gene deleted in its 5'‐flanking region is expressed in adult mouse brain. We used three independent lines of mice carrying a human insulin transgene which included the insulin gene transcription unit flanked by 168 base pairs upstream and 5.5 kb downstream. Using a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction assay, human insulin mRNAs were detected in whole brain extracts. In all three lines, human insulin mRNAs were localized by in situ hybridization in a single cerebral site, the medial habenula. With a monoclonal antibody specific for human C‐peptide and human proinsulin, labelling was restricted to a subset of habenular cholinergic neurons, with rare immunostained fibers. No labelling was observed in the projection fibers of the retroflexus fasciculus or in their axon terminals in the interpeduncular nucleus. Electron microscope studies suggested that the processing of the human peptide involved the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, but there were no secretory granules in the transgene expressing cells. These findings demonstrate that the human insulin transgene tested here includes a habenula specific promoter which could be useful for physiological and molecular studies on the habenula.
The nitration of platelet cytosolic proteins during agonist‐induced activation of platelets
Authors: Naseem Khalid M. , Low Sylvia Y. , Sabetkar Mojghan , Bradley Nicholas J. , Khan Jamshad , Jacobs M. , Bruckdorfer K.Richard
Published: July 2002

The nitration of protein tyrosine residues by peroxynitrous acid has been associated with pathological conditions. Here it is shown, using a sensitive competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting for nitrotyrosine, that spontaneous nitration of specific proteins occurs during a physiological process, the activation of platelets by collagen. One of the main proteins nitrated is vasodilator‐stimulated phosphoprotein. Endogenous synthesis of nitric oxide and activity of cyclo‐oxygenase were required for the nitration of tyrosine. The nitration was mimicked by addition of peroxynitrite to unstimulated platelets, although the level of nitrotyrosine formation was greater and its distribution among the proteins was less specific.
Screening Tool for Hollow‐Fiber Bioreactor Process Development
Authors: Gramer Michael J. , Poeschl Douglas M.
Published: July 2002

Fundamental research of factors affecting cell growth in hollow‐fiber bioreactors is hindered by the lack of an efficient screening tool. To address this issue, a hollow‐fiber micro‐bioreactor has been developed. Hollow fibers with 10 kDa molecular weight cutoffs are housed within a piece of silicone tubing. Cells are inoculated within the hollow fibers which provides a 0.2‐mL culture volume. The space between the fibers and silicone tubing (5 or 16 mL) is used as a medium reservoir sufficient to feed the cells for at least 24 h. Oxygenation is provided directly through the silicone tubing so that a pump for medium recirculation is not required. As a result, many conditions can be tested simultaneously in a single incubator. Three days after inoculation at 5 × 106 cells/mL in the micro‐bioreactor, the rho 1D4 murine hybridoma cell line reached 2.8 × 107 cells/mL with an antibody concentration of 0.17 mg/mL. When inoculated at 5 × 107 cells/mL, the cell concentration reached 1.8 × 108/mL after 3 days with an antibody concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Results from a series of experiments with the micro‐bioreactor suggested that the initial growth phase of this cell line in a hollow‐fiber system is dependent on the serum concentration in the medium reservoir. This prediction was tested by simultaneously inoculating two production‐scale hollow‐fiber bioreactor systems. The cell side of the membrane for each bioreactor contained 10% serum, but serum was added to the reservoir side of only one of the bioreactors. The cells with only basal medium in the reservoir died after a few days, while the cells with 10% serum in the medium reservoir grew rapidly. These results demonstrate that the micro‐bioreactor developed here can support good cell growth and that it can be used as a research tool to predict the performance of large‐scale hollow‐fiber systems.
Combined use of ESI‐MS and UV diode‐array detection for localization of disulfide bonds in proteins: application to an α‐l‐fucosidase of pea
Authors: Codina A. , Fernández I. , Giralt E. , Martínez I. , Ludevid D.
Published: July 2002

Abstract: A simplified strategy is described for the assignment of disulfide bonds in proteins of medium to high molecular mass (10–30 kDa). The method combines the use of high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI‐MS) and HPLC with UV diode‐array detection (HPLC diode array). The denatured protein is subjected to proteolysis and the peptide mixture is divided into three fractions: (i) underivatized peptides, (ii) ethylpyridylated peptides, and (iii) reduced and ethylpyridylated peptides. The three peptide ensembles are then subjected to chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis. A systematic methodology is described to analyze the large amount of data obtained. The method was applied to the localization of disulfide bonds in α‐l‐fucosidase from pea. The two disulfide bonds were located between residues Cys64 and Cys109 and between Cys162 and Cys169, while Cys127 was free.
hDAF transgenic pig livers are protected from hyperacute rejection during ex vivo perfusion with human blood
Authors: Luo Yigang , Levy Gary , Ding Jinwen , Qi Jun , Chakbrati Subrata , Garcia Bertha M. , Phillips M. James , Kumar Nagappan , Friend Peter , Noble Lee , MacDonald Jim , Zhong Robert , Grant David
Published: July 2002

The aim of this study was to determine if human decay‐accelerating factor (hDAF) protects against hyperacute rejection in an ex vivo liver perfusion system using human blood. Pig livers were perfused ex vivo via the portal vein for an average of 5–6 h using a membrane oxygenator. Three groups were studied. Group I: Wild‐type pig livers were alloperfused with fresh pig blood (n=5). Group II: Wild‐type pig livers were xenoperfused with fresh human blood (n=5). Group III: hDAF transgenic pig livers were xenoperfused with fresh human blood (n=5). The graft ischemic time, ratio of perfusate volume to liver weight, flow rate, and perfusate hematocrit were similar in each group. The hDAF livers perfused with human blood (Group III) had a lower ALT level, less protein and albumin losses, lower bilirubin levels in the perfusate, less weight gain, and greater bile production than the wild‐type livers perfused with human blood. Histology showed classic features of hyperacute rejection in Group II, including massive hemorrhage, severe vasculitits, fibrin and C5b‐9 deposition, and endothelial damage within 1 h of perfusion, whereas liver histology studies in Groups I and III were near normal. IgG and IgM deposits were seen in the xenoperfused livers. Electron microscopy (EM) and immuno‐EM showed loss of endothelial cells, trapping of white blood cells and platelets, and diffuse fibrin deposits in Group II only. hDAF pig livers perfused with human blood showed superior function and histology when compared with wild‐type pig livers. These data suggest that (1) hyperacute rejection may contribute to the inconsistent results using wild‐type pig livers for extracorporeal liver support and (2) genetically modified pigs that express hDAF may provide a better donor source than wild‐type pigs for extracorporeal liver support.
Construction and evaluation of a manikin for perioperative heat exchange
Authors: Bräuer A. , English M. J. M. , Sander H. , Timmermann A. , Braun U. , Weyland W.
Published: July 2002

Background: During surgery hypothermia can be avoided only if the heat exchange between the body surface and the environment can be controlled. To allow a systematic analysis of this heat exchange, we constructed and evaluated a copper manikin of the human body.

Methods: The manikin consists of six tubes (head, trunk, two arms and two legs) painted matt‐black to simulate the emissivity of the human skin. Hot‐water mattresses are bonded to the inner surface of the copper tubes to set the surface temperature. Calibrated heat flux transducers were placed on the following points to determine the heat exchange coefficient for radiation and convection (hRC) of the manikin: Forehead, chest, abdomen, upper arm, forearm, dorsal hand, anterior thigh, anterior leg and foot. Room temperature was set to 22°C. Surface temperature of the manikin was set between 22°C and 38°C. The hRC was determined by linear regression analysis as the slope of the temperature gradient between the manikin and the room versus the measured heat flux. Subsequently we studied five minimally clothed volunteers in a climate chamber. Initial chamber temperature was set to 29°C and was lowered slowly to 12°C. The hRC was determined as described above for each volunteer.

Results: The hRC of the manikin was 11.0 W m−2°C−1 and hRC of the volunteers was 10.8 W m−2°C−1.

Conclusion: The excellent correlation of hRC between the volunteers and the manikin will allow the manikin to be used for standardised studies of perioperative heat exchange.
Giant cell collagenoma: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Brito Hugo , Pereira Emílio M. , Reis‐Filho Jorge S. , Maeda Sueli A.
Published: July 2002

Background: Giant cell collagenoma (GCC) is a recently described cutaneous fibrous neoplasm that usually affects young to middle‐aged adults. Despite its similar histological appearance with circumscribed storiform collagenoma, no association of GCC with Cowden's syndrome has been described so far. To the best of our knowledge only five cases of this rare fibrous tumor have been reported so far.

Methods: We report a case of a 79‐year‐old male patient presenting with a slow growing flesh‐colored dome‐shaped lesion in his left forearm, with a clinical diagnosis of fibroma. No stigma of Cowden's syndrome was depicted.

Results: The histological analysis showed a symmetrical and well‐circumscribed flat‐dome‐shaped lesion covered by an atrophic overlying epidermis. The neoplasm was composed of hyalinized collagen bundles disposed in a whorled storiform pattern. Admixed with the collagen matrix, there were two distinct cell populations, one composed by spindle‐shaped mononuclear cells, and the other composed by bizarre multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity for vimentin and actin HHF35 in the mononucleated. The multinucleated cells only immunoexpressed vimentin.

Conclusion: GCC is an unusual cutaneous fibrous tumor that should be differentiated from circumscribed storiform collagenoma, pleomorphic fibroma, regressive forms of dermatofibroma, and solitary myofibroma based on its histological features.
The combination of oral amphotericin B with azoles prevents the emergence of resistant Candida species in neutropenic patients
Authors: Paterson P. J. , McWhinney P. H. M. , Potter M. , Kibbler C. C. , Prentice H. G.
Published: July 2002

The role of antifungal prophylaxis remains controversial and concerns exist that the use of azoles may potentiate the emergence of resistant Candida species. We used a strategy of combining the latest azole/triazole with oral amphotericin B to reduce this risk. We analysed data on Candida colonization and candidaemia in neutropenic patients from four prophylaxis periods (1985/6: ketoconazole and amphotericin B suspension; 1991/2 & 1997: fluconazole and amphotericin B suspension; 1998/9: itraconazole) to look for evidence of the emergence of potentially resistant species. Overall, the percentage of patients colonized with Candida fell significantly (69·3%, 57·5%, 43·2% and 46%, respectively, P < 0·001) due to a decrease in colonization with C. albicans (49%, 23·1%, 22·2% and 25·2%, respectively, P < 0·001). However, in 1998/9, increased colonization, particularly with C. glabrata in the lower gastrointestinal tract, was noted to coincide with the omission of oral amphotericin B. Despite an increasing population of ‘high risk’ patients, the incidence of candidaemia has not changed significantly (2%, 1·4%, 1·2% and 2% respectively). However, species causing candidaemia have changed, with resistant organisms now predominating. Our findings support the use of azole prophylaxis although, in view of the trends noted when itraconazole was used alone, we would recommend the additional use of oral amphotericin B.
Effects of dietary fatty acids and vitamin E levels in HL‐60 cell proliferation
Authors: Colomé C. , Alonso R. , Mata P. , Badimon L.
Published: July 2002

Background

Fatty acids have shown to be both modulators and messengers of signals triggered at the level of cell membranes. There is, however, controversy about the role of fatty acids in cell proliferation kinetics, and it is still unknown whether cell proliferation can be regulated by fatty acid dietary intake in humans. Our objective was to investigate whether feasible changes in the human dietary food intake that induce significant changes in lipids, fatty acids and the oxidative state were able to influence proliferation kinetics of the leukaemia cell line HL‐60.

Materials and methods

Healthy men and women were subjected to four consecutive dietary periods with increasing degree of unsaturation: saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐6 PUFAs), n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs). Plasma lipids and oxidation parameters were controlled during each period. Serum from each subject in the four dietary periods was incubated for 3 days with the leukaemia cell line, HL‐60 (250 × 103 cell mL−1), to study cell proliferation.

Results

In men, an n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid‐enriched diet showed a significant inhibition of DNA duplication with respect to a saturated‐enriched diet, but the effect is not sufficient in blocking cell proliferation. However, as expected, the in vitro addition of fatty acids to HL‐60 cells significantly halted proliferation. In addition, the HL‐60 growth ratio was shown to be inversely correlated with plasma vitamin E (P = 0.0004) and oleic acid in phospholipids (P = 0.01) in plasma of the individuals in the dietary intervention study.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that changes in serum fatty acid composition obtained with dietary changes, without extreme variations of the regular diets of a free‐living population, cannot block HL‐60 cell proliferation.
Should patients who assault staff be prosecuted?
Authors: Coyne A.
Published: July 2002

This article discusses the issue of prosecution of mentally disordered patients particularly in relation to assaults or acts of violence in health care settings. The arguments for prosecuting those responsible for committing acts of dangerous behaviour are discussed, as are the arguments against prosecution and some of the possible reasons why this is a contentious area of discussion. There are significant risks to the integrity of mental health services if the consideration of prosecution as a strategy to reduce risk of violence in hospitals does not become an area of meaningful discussion at all levels. The risk of violence is real, but the risks of accepting it without taking measures to reduce the frequency or severity of violence is no less acceptable than accepting that burglary is inevitable and leaving one’s front door ajar every day. Health care professionals may wish to consider that in the absence of a clinically based solution or ownership of the problem, the risk of an organizational response to this sensitive area, perhaps guided or driven by political concerns is likely, as has happened in areas such as risk assessment, treatability and compliance with treatment.
Spontaneous suprachoroidal haemorrhage in a patient receiving low‐molecular‐weight heparin (fraxiparine) therapy
Authors: Frcs Jun Shyan Wong
Published: July 2002

Spontaneous suprachoroidal bleeding is a rare event. Of the six previously reported cases, five had identifiable mechanisms for the development of choroidal bleeding in addition to concurrent systemic anticoagulation/thrombolytic therapy. We report a case of spontaneous suprachoroidal haemorrhage in a patient who received subcutaneous low‐molecular‐weight heparin therapy but without any identifiable ocular condition predisposing to choroidal bleeding.