bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chieftaincy Act and Succession Disputes Resolution: A Panacea for National Security?
Authors: Assanful Vincent
Published: May 2021

The chieftaincy institution is a revered institution and as such attempts have been made to maintain its sanctity. However, over the years, the institution has been fraught with disputes thereby bringing its image into disrepute. The chieftaincy Act, 759 (2008) was enacted by the parliament of Ghana to regulate the institution. The Act has made provisions for the resolution of disputes that have attended the institution. This article is an attempt to assess the effectiveness of the Act on the dispute resolution mechanisms of the judicial committees of the Houses of Chiefs. Using interview and textual analysis as its main instruments, the article looks at the role of the Judicial Committees of the Houses of Chiefs in dealing with the numerous succession disputes that has bedeviled the institution. The article will assess the methods the Committee uses in handling cases that come before it and how parties to the succession disputes collaborate with the Committee to dispense with the case. The article argues that if the Judicial Committee is well resourced, it will be in a position to help deal with chieftaincy succession disputes expeditiously. This would reduce the incidents of open conflicts resulting in deaths and destructions of properties thereby threatening national security.

Keywords: chieftaincy, succession disputes, national security, houses of chiefs, arbitration
Bayesian Cross-matching of High Proper-motion Stars in Gaia DR2 and Photometric Metallicities for ∼1.7 million K and M Dwarfs
Authors: Medan Ilija , Lépine Sébastien , Hartman Zachary
Published: May 2021

We present a Bayesian method to cross-match 5,827,988 high proper-motion Gaia sources (μ > 40 mas yr−1) to various photometric surveys: Two Micron All Sky Survey, AllWISE data release from the Wide-field Infrared Explorer (WISE) mission, Galaxy Evolution Explorer, Radial Velocity Experiment, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS). To efficiently associate these objects across catalogs, we develop a technique that compares the multidimensional distribution of all sources in the vicinity of each Gaia star to a reference distribution of random field stars obtained by extracting all sources in a region on the sky displaced 2′. This offset preserves the local field stellar density and magnitude distribution, allowing us to characterize the frequency of chance alignments. The resulting catalog with Bayesian probabilities >95% has a marginally higher match rate than current internal Gaia data release 2 (DR2) matches for most catalogs. However, a significant improvement is found with Pan-STARRS, where ∼99.8% of the sample within the Pan-STARRS footprint is recovered, as compared to a low ∼20.8% in Gaia DR2. Using these results, we train a Gaussian process regressor to calibrate two photometric metallicity relationships. For dwarfs of 3500 < T
eff < 5280 K, we use metallicity values of 4378 stars from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Hejazi et al. to calibrate the relationship, producing results with a 1σ precision of 0.12 dex and few systematic errors. We then indirectly infer the metallicity of 4018 stars with 2850 < T
eff < 3500 K, which are wide companions of primaries whose metallicities are estimated with our first regressor, to produce a relationship with a 1σ precision of 0.21 dex and significant systematic errors. Additional work is needed to better remove unresolved binaries from this second sample to reduce these systematic errors.
Broadband Stability of the Habitable Zone Planet Finder Fabry–Pérot Etalon Calibration System: Evidence for Chromatic Variation
Authors: Terrien Ryan C. , Ninan Joe P. , Diddams Scott A. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Halverson Samuel , Bender Chad , Fredrick Connor , Hearty Fred , Jennings Jeff , Metcalf Andrew J. , Monson Andrew , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Stefánsson Guđmundur
Published: May 2021

The comblike spectrum of a white light–illuminated Fabry–Pérot etalon can serve as a cost-effective and stable reference for precise Doppler measurements. Understanding the stability of these devices across their broad (hundreds of nanometers) spectral bandwidths is essential to realizing their full potential as Doppler calibrators. However, published descriptions remain limited to small bandwidths or short time spans. We present an ∼6 month broadband stability monitoring campaign of the Fabry–Pérot etalon system deployed with the near-infrared Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF) spectrograph. We monitor the wavelengths of each of ∼3500 resonant modes measured in HPF spectra of this Fabry–Pérot etalon (free spectral range = 30 GHz, bandwidth = 820–1280 nm), leveraging the accuracy and precision of an electro-optic frequency comb reference. These results reveal chromatic structure in the Fabry–Pérot mode locations and their evolution with time. We measure an average drift on the order of 2 cm s–1 day−1, with local departures up to ±5 cm s–1 day−1. We discuss these behaviors in the context of the Fabry–Pérot etalon mirror dispersion and other optical properties of the system and the implications for the use of similar systems for precise Doppler measurements. Our results show that this system supports the wavelength calibration of HPF at the ≲10 cm s−1 level over a night and the ≲30 cm s−1 level over ∼10 days. Our results also highlight the need for long-term and spectrally resolved study of similar systems that will be deployed to support Doppler measurement precision approaching ∼10 cm s−1.
Speckle Interferometry at the OAN-SPM México: Multiband Astrometry of Double Stars Measured in 2018 and 2019
Authors: Guerrero C. A. , Zepeda C. E. , Souza T. B. , Nájera M. R. , Fernandes M. Borges , Hernández-Águila J. B. , Carvajal J. C. , Castro-Chacón J. H. , Hernández-Valencia B. , Reyes-Ruiz M. , Sánchez E. , Silva J. S.
Published: May 2021

In this paper we present multiband speckle interferometric measurements of double stars performed at the 2.1 m telescope of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional, San Pedro Mártir, México. We focused our efforts on objects from the Washington Double Star Catalog that were observed during five runs allocated in 2018 and 2019. We report here 2101 astrometric and 2027 photometric measurements of 631 pairs, with angular separations ranging from 0.″05 to 6.″09, including 1622 measurements with separations smaller than 1″, and a magnitude difference up to 5.99 mag through the V filter, 5.46 mag for the R filter, and 5.85 mag for the I filter. We estimated a mean error in separation of 12 mas, 1.°1 in position angle, and 0.14 mag for the magnitude difference. We confirmed 58 double stars discovered by Hipparcos. For the first time we are presenting astrometric measurements for 7 systems listed at the Washington Double Star Catalog as being suspected binaries, which did not have a secondary confirmation, and 15 stars with only one published measurement. We identified a new close companion with a mean angular separation of 0.″10, detected in a previously known pair. Finally, we present a correction to two previously published orbital solutions of two visual binaries.
Solar Cycle, Seasonal, and Dust-storm-driven Variations of the Mars Upper Atmospheric State and H Escape Rate Derived from the Lyα Emission Observed by NASA’s MAVEN Mission
Authors: Qin Jianqi
Published: May 2021

An accurate and systematic quantification of the state variables in the Mars upper atmosphere is important for the study of Mars volatile evolution. In this study, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the Lyα limb scans observed by MAVEN during Martian years 32–35 to quantify the Mars upper atmospheric temperature, the CO2 density, the H density, and the H thermal escape rate. A previously uncharacterized feature of the proton aurora at Mars is reported, which affects the overall shape of the limb scans without introducing peak intensity structures. Our inversion results excluding such scans demonstrate an unambiguous and systematic consistency of the Mars exobase temperature (∼150–280 K) derived from the dayside Lyα emission with those derived from the CO2
+ airglow emission and those from atmospheric drag measurements, resolving a long-standing discrepancy between those different estimates. The temperature is shown to be highly predictable over different solar cycles and seasons. However, the H density and escape rate can be episodically enhanced by a factor of ∼2–3, likely driven by dust storms that coincided with the enhancements. During the three Martian years, the averaged thermal escape rates between Mars solar longitude 0°–180° and 210°–330° are 0.6 × 107 cm−2 s−1 and 9.0 × 107 cm−2 s−1, respectively, a factor of 15 seasonal difference, with a factor of ∼7.5 and ∼2 due to temperature and H density variations, respectively. These temperatures and thermal escape rates derived from the thermospheric Lyα emission are generally lower than those derived from the exospheric Lyα emission in the literature, indicating the presence of a hot H population in the Mars exosphere.
Fast Ejecta as a Potential Way to Distinguish Black Holes from Neutron Stars in High-mass Gravitational-wave Events
Authors: Most Elias R. , Papenfort L. Jens , Tootle Samuel D. , Rezzolla Luciano
Published: May 2021

High-mass gravitational-wave events in the neutron-star mass range, such as GW190425, have recently started to be detected by the LIGO/Virgo detectors. If the masses of the two binary components fall in the neutron-star mass range, such a system is typically classified as a binary neutron-star system, although the detected gravitational-wave signal may be too noisy to clearly establish a neutron-star nature of the high-mass component in the binary and rule out a black hole–neutron star system for such an event. We show that high-mass binary neutron-star mergers with a very massive neutron-star primary close to the maximum-mass limit, m
1 ≳ 2.2 M
⊙, produce fast dynamical mass ejecta from the spin-up of the primary star at merger. By simulating the merger of black hole–neutron star systems of exactly the same masses and spins, we show that these fast ejecta are entirely absent if the primary is instead a black hole. In addition, we find that both systems leave almost identical amounts of baryon mass behind, which is not immediately accreted by the black hole. This implies that both systems will likely have comparable electromagnetic afterglow emission stemming from the remnant disk. Hence, fast ejecta at merger have the potential to distinguish neutron stars from black holes in high-mass mergers, although these ejecta may be challenging to detect observationally.
Vers des modalités transitionnelles d’accompagnement à la recherche
Authors: Blanchard-Laville Claudine
Published: May 2021

Il est habituellement question de diriger une thèse ; l’auteure préfère utiliser l’expression accompagner la réalisation d’une thèse. Ainsi, dans cet article, elle explicite la signification qu’elle attribue à la notion d’accompagnement. Ce métier d’accompagnante de thèses, l’auteure montre qu’elle l’a appris par l’expérience et en détaille les modalités concrètes. Elle suggère que chaque aventure avec un·e doctorant·e suppose une rencontre assortie d’une forme de contrat de départ qui comporte avant tout l’acceptation d’un travail élaboratif autour des mouvements psychiques convoqués par l’avancée du travail ; lequel se révèle très impliquant lorsqu’il s’agit d’une thèse clinique d’orientation psychanalytique. L’accompagnante se fait alors le témoin de la métamorphose du doctorant·e en chercheur·e, tout en assumant pendant un temps le rôle d’objet transformationnel au sens de Christopher Bollas avant d’en venir à des modalités transitionnelles d’accompagnement.
Jouer dans un « Jardin d’enfants » : un en-jeu de lien avec les plus petits
Authors: Pirone Ilaria
Published: May 2021

Cet article présente une expérience clinique dans un lieu appelé « Jardin d’enfant » à l’intérieur d’un centre médico-psycho-pédagogique avec des groupes thérapeutiques et d’observation par le jeu pour des enfants entre deux et cinq ans. À l’appui des théorisations de Fröbel, Freud, Lacan et Winnicott, l’acte de jouer est entendu dans cette contribution comme un des moyens possibles d’observer l’enfant afin de comprendre où il en est de la construction de son rapport à soi et au monde, de ses impasses et de ses questions, ceci dans le but de tisser un lien lui permettant d’exister. Pour le thérapeute tout comme pour l’éducateur, être capable de jouer signifie être capable d’inventer et de trouver la force de résister aux injonctions d’hyper normalisation auxquelles le champ de l’éducation et du soin sont de plus en plus soumis, ce qui peut leur éviter, dans ces métiers du lien, de faire l’économie de chercher, changer, transformer.
Institution de l’écriture ; écriture de l’institution
Authors: Rouzel Joseph
Published: May 2021

Les éducateurs sont saturés de demandes d’écrits en tous genres, de la note d’incident au juge au rapport de synthèse, en passant par le projet personnalisé, etc. A priori la demande est légitime : qu’avez-vous fait concrètement de l’argent public, en quoi cela a-t-il servi aux usagers que l’on vous a confiés ? Quels sont les résultats de l’action ? Etc. Mais c’est une exigence qui peut s’avérer une chance à saisir pour les éducateurs pour faire valoir leur action, qui la plupart du temps n’est pas visible, la donner à lire, mettre au jour un métier complexe auprès des dits « usagers ».
Impact de l’écriture comme tiers dans l’accompagnement et sur l’évolution… des jeunes en parcours d’insertion en EPIDE
Authors: Janszen Stéphane
Published: May 2021

Mes travaux de recherche analysent les résultats d’une expérimentation portant sur l’usage du Journal des moments introduit par Rémi Hess. J’ai utilisé ce journal comme support d’accompagnement auprès des jeunes adultes dont j’ai assuré le suivi en tant qu’éducateur spécialisé, au sein d’un organisme d’insertion d’inspiration militaire dans un centre epide (Établissement pour l’insertion dans l’emploi). Ce dernier prend en charge des adultes de 18 à 25 ans sans qualification, en risque de marginalisation, ayant accepté de s’engager dans un programme d’insertion professionnelle. Ces jeunes ayant vécu un parcours d’échec scolaire, en situation d’illettrisme parfois, n’ont pas trouvé d’alternative que de s’éloigner de leurs lieux de vie et d’accepter les contraintes d’une vie d’inspiration militaire. Les résultats mettent en évidence les changements opérés chez ces apprentis diaristes et la façon dont l’écriture a constitué une véritable ressource, y compris en produisant des textes parfois à peine lisibles, devenus cependant le support privilégié des échanges avec l’éducateur. La médiation de l’écriture a favorisé un véritable travail de réflexivité, à la fois rétrospectif et prospectif, en acceptant de se projeter dans l’avenir.
Flagrant délit d’écriture
Authors: Lani-Bayle Martine
Published: May 2021

Dans toutes les formations, il est demandé d’écrire : pour prendre des notes, restituer des savoirs, construire une argumentation en vue d’une validation… comme si l’écriture allait de soi et ne faisait que constater, exposer ou communiquer. Or notre rapport à l’écriture a en amont une histoire et, au moment où le texte se fait, il n’est pas neutre : en se formant, conjointement il forme les savoirs qu’il transforme tout en formant, tant la personne qui écrit que celle qui lira. L’écriture dès lors, la « vraie », en tant qu’« auteur », peut être considérée et développée comme un puissant vecteur, tant de formation et de construction de savoirs que de recherche – et donc, elle gagne à être travaillée en ce sens et pas simplement comme instrument. Le problème est que bien peu osent vraiment écrire, ignorant ou ne se doutant pas qu’ils le peuvent, s’arrêtant sur la moindre difficulté venue ou sur la redoutée « page blanche ». Alors, comment franchir ces réserves ? Certes, il n’y a pas de « recettes », pas de marche à suivre qui apporterait à coup sûr un résultat escompté. Mais il est bien des façons de s’y mettre qui peuvent impulser notre écriture, avec des effets retour tant sur la personne qui suit sa plume que sur celle qui lira.
Élaboration des excitations traumatiques en addictologie : hyperexcitabilité, excitations addictives et contenance groupale
Authors: Sinanian Alexandre
Published: May 2021

À partir de la compréhension de la dynamique groupale d’un dispositif d’analyse des pratiques en addictologie, nous discuterons des enjeux relationnels à l’œuvre chez des professionnels pour lesquels la question de l’ excitation est centrale. Nous observerons les ressources mobilisées et préciserons ce qui nous paraît requis du cadre, tant du groupe d’analyse des pratiques que de l’institution, pour qu’il soit « utilisable » dans ces cliniques mettant à l’épreuve la contenance de l’excitation. Lorsque le cadre apporte un sentiment de sécurité suffisant pour représenter un lieu tiers à même de soutenir le professionnel, il permet de mettre en lumière la fonction médium malléable requise pour recevoir et supporter des excitations envahissantes et les affects extrêmes de leurs patients pouvant être vécues par celui qui le reçoit comme une forme de destructivité à laquelle il faut survivre.
Cliniques de l’institution et du groupe… dans la pratique pionnière d’August Aichhorn auprès d’adolescents délinquants
Authors: Houssier Florian , Pfister Catherine
Published: May 2021

De 1918 à 1923, August Aichhorn dirige un foyer éducatif pour enfants et adolescents dans la banlieue nord de Vienne. Soutenu par S. Freud qui dédicace son ouvrage Jeunesse à l’abandon en 1925, sa pratique originale et reconnue a déjà fait l’objet de nombreux travaux, tant dans les champs psychanalytique que pédagogique. Pourtant, il est rare que ces travaux mettent l’accent sur les aspects groupaux et institutionnels de sa pratique, dimensions probablement oblitérées par le caractère « magique » de sa pratique. Nous articulons les dimensions institutionnelle et groupale avec plusieurs illustrations cliniques, notamment en explorant la dynamique du groupe des adolescents violents.
Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Theoretical Foundations and Empirically Supported Strategies
Authors: LeBlanc Nicole J. , Bartuska Anna , Blanchard Lillian , Baker Amanda , Bui Eric
Published: May 2021

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most extensively studied psychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and has demonstrated large effect sizes compared to waitlist and placebo control. CBT for GAD treatment protocols is based on several cognitive-behavioral models of the disorder that emphasize the role of worry as an avoidance strategy to escape from distressing internal experiences, such as negative emotions, uncomfortable physical sensations, and intrusive images. Cognitive-behavioral models also posit that positive and negative beliefs about worry are instrumental in maintaining the worry process. Common cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies to target these causal mechanisms include psychoeducation, self-monitoring of worry episodes, relaxation techniques, mindfulness exercises, cognitive reappraisal, behavioral experiments to test beliefs about worry, imaginal exposure to core fears, and commitment to valued actions. In this article, we provide an overview of cognitive-behavioral models of GAD and describe the evidence-based treatment strategies that emerged from these models.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2021;51(5):210–215.]
Treatment for Anxiety and Comorbid Depressive Disorders: Transdiagnostic Cognitive-Behavioral Strategies
Authors: Bentley Kate H. , Bernstein Emily E. , Wallace Bridget , Mischoulon David
Published: May 2021

Anxiety and depressive disorders are common psychiatric conditions with high rates of co-occurrence. Although traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) protocols targeting individual anxiety and depressive disorder diagnoses have been shown to be effective, such “single-diagnosis” approaches pose challenges for providers who treat patients with multiple comorbidities and for large-scale dissemination of and training in evidence-based psychological treatments. To help meet this need, newer “transdiagnostic” CBT interventions targeting shared underlying features across anxiety, depressive, and related disorders have been developed in recent years. Here, we provide a rationale for and description of the transdiagnostic CBT model, followed by an overview of key therapeutic strategies included in transdiagnostic CBT protocols for patients with anxiety disorders and comorbid depression. We conclude with a brief review of the empirical evidence in support of transdiagnostic CBT for people with anxiety and depressive disorders and identify directions for future research.[Psychiatr Ann. 2021;51(5):226–230.]
A Literature Review of using Mixed Methods in Development Impact Evaluations
Authors: Angers Danielle
Published: May 2021

In recent decades, the mixed methods approach has gained traction in many research fields, including impact evaluation. Impact evaluation is used in many sectors, but this paper focuses on its use in international development. This paper explores what is known and unknown about using mixed methods as a possible solution for the many challenges facing impact evaluation. To provide a foundation for this claim and clarify the language surrounding mixed methods and impact evaluations, the paper first defines the terms impact evaluation, qualitative, quantitative, and methodology. It also discusses the benefits and limitations to qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches as they apply to impact evaluation. The paper then conceptualizes how rigor is applied to both qualitative and quantitative work. Finally, it outlines current best practices and gives recommendations going forward.
Food Waste: How Leftovers are Choking the Planet
Authors: Parker Sean
Published: May 2021

Roughly 40 percent of all food available to American households gets thrown out. Of the many problems associated with food waste, one that is usually overlooked is its impact on the environment. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that 75 billion pounds of food ends up in landfills across the United States (US) each year.
Contrasting Relationships of Financial and Banking Oversight Agencies:
Self-Funding Agencies Versus Appropriation-Dependent Agencies
Authors: Setterlund James
Published: May 2021

In the last several decades, Congress has forgone their duty to properly fund the government before the start of the fiscal year. This has led to multiple continuing resolutions or large end-of-the-year omnibus spending bills well after the new fiscal year has begun. Congressional failure to fund the government in a timely manner creates uncertainty for regulators and directly impacts their operations. This article analyzes the three distinct funding mechanisms of the Commodity Futures Trading Corporation, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and how the appropriations process or self-funding model impacts their operations. For the handful of self-funding agencies who exist outside the congressional appropriations process, their operational activity continues to function without interruption. But for most financial service regulators that rely on direct appropriations, their oversight actions and responsibilities are placed on pause until Congress approves a budget and the President signs the legislation.
Comparison of Monaco treatment planning system algorithms and Monte Carlo simulation for small fields in anthropomorphic RANDO phantom
Authors: Tugrul Taylan
Published: May 2021

Background:

In this study, the dose distributions obtained by the algorithms used in Monaco treatment planning system (TPS) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation were compared for small fields in the anthropomorphic RANDO phantom, and then, the results were analyzed using the gamma analysis method.

Materials and Methods:

In the study, dose distributions obtained from the collapse cone algorithm, MC algorithm, and MC simulation were examined. The EGSnrc was utilized for MC simulation.

Results:

In radiation fields smaller than 3 cm × 3 cm, the doses calculated by the CC algorithm are particularly high in the region of lung/soft-tissue interfaces. In the region of soft-tissue/vertebral interfaces, the doses calculated by the CC algorithm and the MC algorithm are compatible with the MC simulation. For each algorithm, the main reason for the non-overlapping dose curves in small fields compared to MC simulation is that the lateral electronic equilibrium loss is not taken into account by the algorithms.

Conclusion:

The doses calculated by the algorithms used in TPS may differ, especially in environments where density changes are sharp. Even if the radiation dose from different angles is calculated similarly in the target area by the algorithms, the calculated doses in the tissues in each radiation field path may be different. Therefore, to increase the quality of radiotherapy and to protect critical organs more accurately, the accuracy of the algorithms in TPS should be checked before treatment, especially in multi-field treatments such as stereotactic body radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for tumors in the abdominal region.
Management of Vocal Complications Post Thyroidectomy at King Abdullah Medical City from 2011 to 2018
Authors: Alghamdi Saeed Abdullah , Alyamani Amani Mohammad , Aljohani Rawan Rajallah , Benjabi Wajd Mohammad , Althobaiti Raghad Abdulrahman , Takrooni Walaa Abdullah , Alotaibi Yousef Zaben , Badr Khalid Mahmoud , Abdelmonim Sherif Kamel
Published: May 2021

Background:

The most common critical complication after thyroidectomy is vocal cord dysfunction. The leading cause of that problem is injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN).

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was applied to 266 patients who underwent thyroidectomy procedures at King Abdullah Medical City between the years of 2011 and 2018. Patients with preexisting vocal cord abnormalities and neurological conditions affecting the voice or swallowing ability were excluded. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics V21.0).

Results:

Out of the 266 patients, the incidence of RLN injury was significantly higher if the patient had a previous thyroid surgery, especially among cancer patients (30.4% in cancer vs. 9.2% in noncancer, P = 0.001). Patients who presented with postoperative vocal complications were only five; four of them developed temporary unilateral vocal cord palsy (1.6%) and were managed with speech therapy, however, one patient had a permanent bilateral vocal cord palsy (0.4%) that was managed with tracheostomy and laser vocal cordotomy.

Conclusion:

The incidence of vocal cord complication due to thyroidectomies was comparatively rare. Thyroid complications were present more in cancer patients.
How Harmful is Your Personal Listening Device
Authors: Bakshi Satvinder Singh , Kalidoss Vinoth Kumar , Ramesh Seepana , Shankar M. Kiruba
Published: May 2021

Objectives:

Over 1 billion people globally are at risk of hearing loss due to unsafe listening practices. The most common unsafe practice is using personal listening devices (PLDs), especially along with headphones. This study aimed to determine the knowledge regarding hearing loss due to the use of PLDs and practice concerning these devices among the college-going population (18–25 years) in India.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among college-going students aged 18–25 years. Data were collected using an anonymous web-based self-administered questionnaire.

Results:

A total of 255 male and 133 female students were enrolled (n = 388). Most participants listened to music more than an hour a day and 44% listened to loud and very loud music. More than half chose to ignore the warning message on their PLD and around 30% had never come across any educational material regarding the risk of hearing loss due to the use of PLDs.

Conclusion:

The findings indicate the need for the development of more targeted educational material and outreach programs to reduce the burden of hearing loss due to the use of PLDs.
Long-term Survival in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Metachronous Brain-Only Oligorecurrence Who Underwent Definitive Treatment
Authors: Kim Hongsik , Park Sehhoon , Jung Hyun Ae , Sun Jong-Mu , Lee Se-Hoon , Ahn Jin Seok , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung-Ju
Published: May 2021

Purpose Metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare event with favorable prognosis, but the clinical outcome has not been fully determined. We retrospectively analyzed clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence in patients with NSCLC who underwent definitive treatment.Materials and Methods We reviewed 4,437 NSCLC patients without oncogenic driver mutations who underwent definitive treatment between 2008 and 2018. Among them, we identified 327 patients who developed 1 to 5 brain metastases with or without systemic metastasis. Of the 327 patients, 71 had metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence without extracranial progression and were treated with local therapy to the brain. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and prognostic factors affecting OS were analyzed.Results The median OS was 38.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8 to 56.1 months) in 71 patients. The 2-year OS rate was 67.8% and the 5-year OS rate was 33.1%. The median PFS was 25.5 months (95% CI, 12.2 to 14.4 months). The longest surviving patient had a survival period of 115 months. Through multivariate analysis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≥ 1 (hazard ratio, 5.33; p=0.005) was associated with poor survival. There was no significant difference in OS between patients with local therapy and those with local plus systemic therapy (18.5 months vs. 34.7 months, p=0.815).Conclusion Metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence NSCLC patients who underwent definitive treatment experienced long-term survival with local therapy, highlighting the unique patient population. The role of systemic chemotherapy in this patient population requires further investigation.
Unknotting with a single twist
Authors: Allen Samantha , Livingston Charles
Published: May 2021

Given a knot

K \subset S^3

, is it possible to unknot it by performing a single twist, and if so, what are the possible linking numbers of such a twist? We develop obstructions to unknotting using a twist of a specified linking number. The obstructions we describe are built using classical knot invariants, Casson–Gordon invariants, and Heegaard Floer theory.
Genericity of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes, when seen as mapping classes
Authors: Erlandsson Viveka , Souto Juan , Tao Jing
Published: May 2021

We prove that pseudo-Anosov mapping classes are generic with respect to certain notions of genericity reflecting that we are dealing with mapping classes. More precisely, we consider a number of functions

\rho

on the mapping class group, and show that the proportion of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes with

\rho

-value at most

R

tends to 1 as

R

tends to infinity. The functions we consider include measuring the complexity of mapping classes using quasi-conformal distortion or Lipschitz distortion. We present a uniform approach to this problem using geodesic currents.
Growth and mortality of sleeper fish, Bostrychus africanus from upper new Calabar river, Rivers state, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwu K.O. , George A.D.I.
Published: May 2021

Bostrychus africanus samples were collected over a period of twenty months (January 2015 to August 2016) from the Upper New Calabar River. This was aimed at ascertaining the present state of the stock following increased exploitation Analyses were run using the FISAT package. Growth estimates by the Von Bertalanffy equation showed that mean length infinity was 19.69.±1.5795cm,, growth coefficient (parameter of curvature (K) was 1.37±0.9595cm/year,, tmax value obtained was 2.3±0.94295 years,. Recruitment analysis showed that the mean relative yield per recruit was 0.063±0.007 and biomass per recruit as 0.45±0.134. Exploitation rate was 0.395±0.088, while mortality estimates calculated by length converted catch curves and Pauly’s equation showed that total mortality was 4.01±2.84, natural mortality 2.25±1.21 and mean fishing mortality was 1.75±1.64. Exploitation was found to be inadequate, judging from the values of the natural and fishing mortalities. This was corroborated by the figures obtained for the prevailing exploitation rate.Key Words: Growth, mortality, population, recruitment, exploitation, sleeper fish
Fishing input requirements of artisanal fishers in coastal communities of Ondo state, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunremi JB
Published: May 2021

Efforts towards increase in fish production through artisanal fishery can be achieved by making needed inputs available. Fishing requirements of artisanal fishers in coastal communities of Ondo State, Nigeria were studied. Data were obtained from two hundred and sixteen artisans using multistage random sampling technique. Structured interview scheduled was used to obtain information from the respondents. Data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistic such as frequency counts and percentage. Chi-square was used to test relationships between the variables. The results showed that 73.6% had fifteen years and above fishing experience and 58.8% had between twenty to thirty thousand monthly incomes. Majority (71.8%) used cast net while 80.10% required canoe and 30% 40 HP outboard engines for fishing. The chi-square analysis showed significant relationship between fishing input requirements of artisans and fishing experience for canoe (χ² = 0.00, p < 0.05), outboard engine (χ² = 0.00, p< 0.05) and netting material (χ² = 0.00). All the fishing input were significantly related to artisans monthly income (P<0.005). Based on the study, it is recommended that Government through the Federal Department of Fisheries should regulate and subsidize fishing inputs to improve the living standard of artisans.Key Words: Artisanal fishers, coastal communities, fishing experience, fishing input, monthly income.
Effects of stocking ratio on growth and blood parameters of Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus juveniles in polyculture system
Authors: Osho E. F. , Ajani EK , Omitoyin BO , Kareem OK , Olasantan O.T.
Published: May 2021

One hundred and fifty Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia) (30.01±0.29 g) and 90 Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) (40.08±0.44 g) juveniles were randomly assigned four treatments: tilapia: catfish ratios 4:0 (TT1), 3:1 (TTC2), 1:1 (TTC3), and 1:3 (TTC4) at 20 fish/m2 triplicate in hapas. Fish were fed 40% crude protein diet at 5% body weight daily. Mean weight gain (MWG), mean length gain (MLG), survival rate (SR), water and blood parameters were investigated. ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test were used for analyses at p<0.05. Highest MWG of tilapia was in TTC2 (24.62±3.96 g) while least was in TTC4 (15.03±1.25 g). In catfish, highest MWG was in TTC4 (116.52±4.10 g), followed by TTC3 (116.35±0.14 g) while TTC2 had 98.53±19.28 g. MLG in tilapia was highest in TTC2 (4.07±0.25 cm) and least in TTC4 (1.15±0.64 cm). In catfish, highest MLG value was in TTC3 (17.38±0.93 cm) and lowest in TTC2 (14.47±1.19 cm). SR for both species and all treatments ranged between 93.33±4.40% and 97.76±2.23%. Highest number of tilapia fry was found in gut content of catfish in TTC4. Water and blood parameters were within acceptable limits. With increasing catfish to tilapia ratio, MWG decreased in tilapia but increased in catfish due to stiffer competition. Gut content analyses reaffirmed that C. gariepinus predates better under high stocking density.Key Words: Utilization, predator, stocking arrangement, growth performance
Hydrogen ion (Ph), ammonia, dissolved oxygen and nitrite concentrations in catfish water re-circulatory and semi-intensive static-water systems
Authors: Iloba K.I. , Ogugua N M. , Nwadukwe F.O.
Published: May 2021

Hydrogen ion (pH), dissolved oxygen, ammonia and nitrite concentrations were studied monthly in two systems (re-circulatory and semi-intensive of 3 m2 sizes) each for six months. The systems were each stocked with 200 g of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Results showed that all parameters were within acceptable limits in each system and varied significantly (P<0.05) except total ammonia concentration in the outdoor tank (P=0.0769). Comparatively, total ammonia (P = 0.0016) and nitrite (P=0.0000) variations in the two systems were highly significantly different (P <0.05). Positive significant correlation was established between total ammonia and nitrite only in the concrete tank (r = 0.9367; P = 0.0059) only. The relatively high dissolved oxygen values in the systems must be maintained to help eliminate nitrogenous wastes. The water quality results from both systems indicated that the water quality in the concrete tank is of a higher and better quality than in the re-circulatory open system. Key Words: Water re-circulatory and semi-intensive static-water systems, water quality parameters
Efficiency of three reproductive hormones in artificial propagation of Heterobranchus longifilis (valenciennes, 1840)
Authors: Asangusung P.S. , Uka A
Published: May 2021

Efficiency of three reproductive hormones: ovaprim, ovulin and carp pituitary extract (C.P.E) in artificial propagation of Heterobranchus longifilis was investigated. Total of twelve broodstock fish, comprising nine females and three males at eighteen months of age were used. Females were divided into three groups. Each group was induced to spawn with different hormones. Pooled sperm from the three males were used to fertilize the eggs obtained from individual female. The effect of the hormones on latency period, fecundity, fertilization, hatchability and larval survival was recorded. Latency period (P<0.05) lasted for nine (ovaprim), ten (ovulin) and eleven hours (C.P.E.) at 26 oC. Fecundity (P<0.05) mean values were 57.67±2.186 (ovaprim), 43.00±10.970 (C.P.E.) and 35.00±8.544 eggs (ovulin). Fertilization rate (P<0.05) mean values were 94.00±1.15% (ovaprim), 82.00±2.31% (ovulin) and 82.00±1.73% (C.P.E.). Hatchability success (P<0.05) mean values were 84.33±3.48% (ovulin), 94.67±1.45% (ovaprim) and 89.33±0.88% (C.P.E.) as survival rate was not significant. The study has provided data, comparing the effectiveness of the hormones, revealing that the three hormones can be used for artificial propagation of H. longifilis with varied degree of success.Keywords: Artificial breeding, ovaprim, ovulin, carp pituitary extract, broodstock, Heterobranchus longifilis
Species Composition, Dominance and Similarity Index of Macrobrachium vollehovenii and M. Felicinum in Akor River, Ibere, Ikwuano, Nigeria
Authors: Ukagwu J.I , Anyanwu D.C , Orgi M.C , Ohaturonye S , Dan-Uchegbu C
Published: May 2021

Occurrence and abundance of Macrobrachium vollehovenii and Macrobrachium felicinum were studied in Akor river, Ibere, Ikwuano, Nigeria. The area density method of sample collection was employed. The river was delineated into three stations: A, B and C and prawn specimen were collected fortnightly. Sample collection lasted for 24 months. Species composition, dominance and similarity index were calculated using standard methods. Chi square test was used to compare the dominance of both species in the River. Results showed that station A had a total catch composition of 1,407 (29.4%), station B recorded 1,689 (34.73%) and the highest catch was obtained in station C having 1,763 (36.2%). The overall total catch of 4,859 was recorded. Results also showed that M. vollehovenii dominated the river with a total number of 3,620 (75%) while M. felicinum had a total catch of 1,239 (25%). Ponderal index was 53.7 and 44.7 for M. vollehovenii and M. felicinum respectively and a similarity index of 1 for both species was observed. Statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) between dominance of these species in Akor river. Inference from the results showed that these species are present as non-target organism in this river.

Keywords: Occurrence, abundance, Macrobrachium species, fresh water, crustacean
Viability of Different Strains of Lactobacillus fermentum in Feed and Effects on Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus Fry
Authors: Ikwuemesi J.C , Ajani E.K , Emikpe B.O
Published: May 2021

Globally, aquaculture has developed significantly; however, poor performance at larvae stage is still a challenge. The use of antibiotics has post-application effects in aquaculture hence the demand for eco-friendly alternatives. The Lactobacillus fermentum strains BCS27 and F4S8 isolated from fermented maize and cassava respectively were supplemented in six isonitrogenous (55% protein) fry diet in three different concentrations (3x107, 6x107 and 9x107cfu/ml/100g) with a positive (T0) and negative (AT0) controls. The strain BCS27 were included in these concentrations to give treatments LF1T1, LF1T2, LF1T3 while strain F4S8 represented treatments LF2T1, LF2T2, LF2T3. Three-day old Clarias gariepinus larvae (0.005g) were fed to satiation for eight weeks in a completely randomized design. The highest mean weight gain (MWG) of 0.4116±0.02g and specific growth rate (SGR) of 0.9765±0.05%/day were recorded in LF1T1. Quadratic regression analysis of growth indices against microbial counts revealed that at concentration of 50.7CFU/ml the best weight gain of 0.39g was obtained. The treatment LF1T1 also produced the highest protein efficiency ratio (PER) (0.007±0.0003) and nitrogen metabolism (NM) (4.86±0.23). Survival was significantly low (22.5±5.1%) in AT0 while the highest value (42.3±3.18%) was recorded in LF1T1. Amongst strain F4S8, LF2T1 had significantly higher (p<0.05) MWG (0.4197±0.01g). The optimum treatment concentration was 62.5CFU/ml at 0.33g MWG. The treatment LF2T1 also had the best PER of 0.007±0.000 while T0 recorded the least value (0.003±0.0004). The highest survival (44.2±1.5%) was recorded in LF2T2. The studied L. fermentum strains was viable in the feed which successfully improved the performance and nutrient utilization in C. gariepinus larvae. Thus, it’s application in fish feed production is recommended.

Keywords: Lactobacillus fermentum, growth, C. gariepinus, fry, larvae.
Effects of Curcuma longa on Growth and Biochemical Variables of Oreochromis niloticus Challenged with a Consortium of Bacteria
Authors: Enyidi U.I , ORji C.P
Published: May 2021

This study evaluated effects of turmeric on growth and immune response of Nile tilapia. Five phytogenic feeds were formulated with varying inclusion levels of turmeric thus: F1 20 %/kg; F2 15 %/kg; F3 10 %/kg; F4 % g/kg and F5 0 %/kg. There was a commercial feed (F6) which served as the control experiment. Fish fingerlings (initial weight ca. 14.2g) were fed experimental diets for 70 days, thereafter, they were subjected to dual bacterial challenge by injecting a consortium of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Flavobacterium columnare into the culture media and then intraperitoneal injection of the bacteria into the fish muscle. Growth, nutritional performances and immunity of the fish were analyzed using standard procedure. Results showed that the relative protection levels of fish fed diets F1 to F3 were 100%, while 95.56% was obtained in group fed diet F4. A 0% mortality was recorded for fish fed diets F1 to F3, 4.4 % for those fed diet F4 and 100% for those fed diets F5 and F6. The best specific growth rate was recorded in fish fed diet F1 with the values decreasing with decrease inclusion levels of turmeric in diets. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase reduced with the inclusion of turmeric. Results showed that increasing turmeric inclusion up to 20% in tilapia diet would increase growth rate and enhance immunity against bacterial diseases.

Keywords: Turmeric, phytogenic feed, O. niloticus, bacterial challenge, aquatic microbes
Elçin Efendiyev'in Ak Deve Romanında Yapı ve İzlek
Authors: YILMAZ Fatih
Published: May 2021

19. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinden ortalarına kadar durağan bir görünüm çizen Azerbaycan edebiyatına, 1960’lı yılların başında faaliyet göstermeye başlayan bir grup yazar taze bir soluk olarak girmiş ve hareketlilik kazandırmıştır. Nitelik olarak zengin eserlerin kaleme alındığı bu döneme Yeni Nesir ya da 1960 Nesri gibi isimler verilmiştir. Birçok alanda zengin edebi üretimlerin yapıldığı bu dönemin en çok dikkat çeken isimlerinin başında Elçin Efendiyev gelmektedir. Efendiyev, edebiyatın pek çok türünde eser vermesi, akademiden siyasete kadar birçok alanda faaliyet göstermesiyle öne çıkmış ve kendi devri içinde çok yönlü kişiliğiyle dikkat çekmiştir. Eserlerinde yoğunlukla katı bir gerçekliğin yansıması görülen yazar, toplum içinde yolunda gitmeyen hadiseleri bütün hakikatiyle ortaya koyarken, insan psikolojisini, duygu ve düşüncelerini de büyük bir hassasiyetle yapıtlarında işlemiştir. Yazarın Ak Deve romanının konusu da, bu toplumsal-gerçekçi çizgiden hareketle; Bakü'de geleneksel ve muhafazakâr hayat sürmekte olan bir mahallenin, II. Dünya Savaşı'nın başlaması ile beraber yaşadığı değişim ve trajedidir. Mahalle, geleneksel hayatın yanı sıra Sovyet otoritesinin mecburi kıldığı yeni hayat tarzına uyum sağlamaya çalışırken; bir yandan da bu yeni düzenin beraberinde getirdiği siyasi baskılarla da çatışmaktadır. Efendiyev, eserlerinde kullandığı geniş folklorik malzemeyi, motif ve gözlemler yoluyla harmanlayarak bir kompozisyon oluşturmuş ve söz konusu mahalleyi canlı bir dekor haline getirmiştir. Romanda sıklıkla yer verilen çocuk oyunları, bayatılar, Dede Korkut sözleri ve tekerlemeler bu folklorik zenginliğin birer yansımasıdır. Bu çalışmada, Elçin Efendiyev’in, Ak Deve adlı romanı biçim ve içerik yönünden incelenmiş, metnin anlam kapsamını genişleten izleklere temas edilmiştir.
Critical-Emancipatory Workshop Analysis Through Qualitative Analysis Software
Authors: Fornari Lucimara , Fonseca Rosa
Published: May 2021

Critical-emancipatory Workshop is a data collection technique and interventional strategy for emancipatory education aimed at participants involved in the research. It usually results in a significant amount of data in text, audio, image and video formats. Taking this into account, qualitative analysis software usage is paramount to data treatment optimization and promotion of results credibility. This research aimed at identifying the potentialities and limits of webQDA for a Critical-emancipatory Workshop qualitative analysis. To this end, a case study based on the researchers' experience was conducted. It revealed that webQDA is a powerful digital tool for broadening and deepening the analysis of qualitative data; however, some of its features might be improved depending on specificities of the data collection technique.
RADIOTHERMOLUMINESCENCE OF THE γ-IRRADIATED COMPOSITIONS OF THE ULTRA-HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE WITH NANO-α-SiO2
Authors: Maharramov A.M. , Ismayilova R.S. , Quliyev M.M. , Mamedova R.L.
Published: May 2021

Radiothermoluminescence (RTL) of the ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and nanocomposites obtained on its base via introduction of nanofiller α-SiO2 (aerosil) to its volume is studied. Two relaxation processes (α- and β-relaxations) are observed in these composites, whose maximums of thermoluminescence appear at temperatures 205 and 212 K, correspondingly. Features of the RTL spectra in dependence from the α-SiO2 concentration at the absorbed radiation dose 1∙104 Gr are highlighted.