bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Research Status and Development Trend of Electric Vehicle Power Supply Technology
Authors: Gao Hui , Wu Ying Jun
Published: August 2014

Electric vehicle (EV) power supply infrastructure construction and the related technologies are the prerequisite and core of the EV industry development respectively. This paper introduces the technology research and application situation of charging, battery swapping and smart charging/battery swap service network operation management in China, and meanwhile introduces the EV energy supply infrastructure construction and some typical pilot projects in China. And the EV energy supply technologies development trend is discussed at last.
Effectiveness Assessment of Black Start Schemes Based on Data Envelopment Analysis from the Perspective of Power Grid Crisis
Authors: Li Shi Hua
Published: August 2014

Black start of power system is an issue of typical semi-structural optimization. Black-start scheme of power-grid recovery should have one or more alternative plans, when one project due to some special links cannot be successfully implemented, the other can quickly be implemented, so as to ensure the success rate of black-start crisis recovery. The preplan of crisis management requires the effective plan of crisis disposal, especially the preplan of black-start-path must be established, because effective recovery-path program can obtain an effective disposal of crisis to prevent the spread of the crisis. It is by the model of DEA that can evaluate the relative efficiency of the same type of black-start-path with multiple input, multiple output indexes, so as to identify gaps and improve the factors that affect the efficiency. So we chose the DEA model to evaluate the selection-path of black-start.
Comparison of the Two Decomposition and Coordination Algorithms for Reactive Power Optimization Based on Proximal Center Algorithm
Authors: Wang Jin Hao , Yang Chao Ying , Mu Guang Qi , Li Zhi , Li Tan
Published: August 2014

Aiming at the two decomposition and coordination reactive power optimization algorithms both of which are based on proximal center algorithm, they are compared in detail in the calculation process, communication and coordination mode and the amount of required communication data in each iteration. Taking the IEEE 118-node system and the IEEE 300-node system as an example, the coefficient matrix, communication and coordination mode and the amount of required communication data in each iteration of the two algorithms are compared and analyzed. The convergence characteristics of the two algorithms are the same, and which algorithm is better depends on the communication and coordination mode is more convenient to apply and you want to select.
Improved Equivalent Resistance Method for Low-Voltage Distribution Line Loss Calculation
Authors: Liu Xiao Hui , Ma Lin , Shi Yun Song , Wang Yu Jiang , Li Jun Hua
Published: August 2014

Aiming at the insufficiency of Equivalent Resistance Method for a low-voltage distribution line loss calculation, this article has been improved. Then this paper presents the method of using three-phase quantity of electricity to calculate three-phase current, it can calculate the three-phase unbalanced line loss without current date and facilitate the application of Three-phase Unbalanced Method. It develops our own program based on Visio to calculate low-voltage distribution line loss. The results showed: Improved Equivalent Resistance Method improves the accuracy; in the three-phase unbalanced the method of using three-phase quantity of electricity to calculate three-phase current is more easily modified and more practical value.
The Forecasting Track of Power Grid Operation State Based on Risk Assessment
Authors: Chen Qi Rui , You Da Hai , Long Cheng , Zou Yang , Hu Jin , Chen Wei Hua , Xu Peng , Pan Ling Ling
Published: August 2014

As the interconnected power grid becomes increasingly complicated and external environment is changeable, the difficulty of power grid dispatching is increased. Thus, the forecasting track of power grid operation state based on risk assessment can be used to predict the operation trend of power grid state and provide a reference for real-time operation state and guide power grid dispatching. Based on overall power grid risk index system, the operation trend for a period in the future is predicted to diagnose the state of power grid by using fuzzy inference, fuzzy clustering and AHP. In this paper, Ningxia Power Grid is simulated as an example to describe the forecasting track of its operation state in the next 100 minutes. The results present that the track can be used to analyze the causes, which increase or decrease the risk degree of overall power grid, then major leading factors are specifically analyzed. And the track can be also used as guidance for dispatching operators to take measures. Furthermore, the track is proved to be reasonable.
Effect of Prime Mover Governor Parameters on Low Frequency Oscillation
Authors: Cai Sun , Deng Xiao Wen , Feng Yong Xin , Xu Yan Hui , Ma Cong
Published: August 2014

The mechanism of power system low frequency oscillation was discussed in this paper. The coupling model between turbine governor system of plant and power system was established in MATLAB. The possibility of power system low frequency oscillation induced by unit-grid coupling was researched in detail. The simulation results indicate that power system low frequency oscillation will occur under disturbance, if a high derivative gain is used in PID controllers of hydraulic turbine governing system and partial derivative of turbine power output with respect to head varies with load. As for steam turbine, the PID parameters of governor system have important effect on small-signal stability of power system when the damp of power system is not very strong. The power oscillations caused by disturbance is decreased with the use of PID controller in governing system, whereas power oscillation is increased with the use of PI controller.
Research on the Workload of the Controller-to-Be Based on the Radar Simulator
Authors: Xia Zheng Hong , Pan Wei Jun
Published: August 2014

The radar simulator practice of the controller-to-be was studied in this paper, according to the control instruction classification and the statistics of their occurrence frequency and time. The air traffic controller-to-be workload model and weight calculate algorithm based on the radar service type was proposed. The concept of workload sensitivity was defined, though which the relationship between workload and traffic. Research on the workload of the controller-to-be is of great importance for setting reasonable radar simulator exercise, as well as cultivating the control skills of the students.
Electrical Equipment Life Cycle Monitoring
Authors: Khalyasmaa Alexandra I. , Dmitriev Stepan A. , Glushkov Daniil A. , Baltin Denis A. , Babushkina Natalia A.
Published: August 2014

This article describes the problems associated with the electrical equipment condition control and life cycle monitoring at electrical substations. This article contains a basic approach of electrical equipment life cycle assessment derived from the actual equipment condition analysis. A graphical interpretation of the 110 kV power transformer life cycle based on the statistical analysis is also figured out.
Research on Heat/Power Load Optimizing Distribution Model of Heating Units Based on Gene Sequencing Method
Authors: Zhao Wen Sheng , Ding Xiao Dong , Wang Zhi
Published: August 2014

Based on the basic idea of biological gene sequencing method,“Shotgun Method”,this paper proposes a new method of heat/power load optimizing distribution,named as “Shotgun Method”.This method is mainly based on historical operating data of thermal power plant,and puts the reciprocal of fuel utilization coefficient in the physical sense—factory comprehensive standard coal consumption rate as thermal economic index.Through the calculation of thermal system of principle,every unit can get its own coal consumption characteristic equation,as the foundation operating condition library for the heat/power load distribution.“Shotgun Method” aims at minimum factory comprehensive standard coal consumption rate to establish mathematical model for seeking the best match between operating condition library of each unit.The application instance shows that this method is simple,practical,and the energy saving effect is remarkable.
Analysis and Application of Power Balance in Self-Powered Sensor
Authors: Yu Ya Kun , Ruan Fang Ming , You Yan Jun
Published: August 2014

wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes based on self-powered function have distinct advantages of battery free and no needing line power, used successfully in lighting control system of modern building. Energy balance and power balance are considered in design of battery-free sensor module. Average current in self-powered wireless sensor module was evaluated based on viewpoint of power balance. Energy balance was discussed in building lighting control system based on special energy storage of super-capacitor. Self-powered wireless sensor module is based on energy harvesting from ambient circumstance. In lighting control system of modern building automation battery-free sensor module has been successfully applied for maintenance and energy saving. The application of battery-free sensor module was analyzed.
Study on Acoustic Model of Transformer
Authors: Hu Jing Zhu , Liu Di Chen , Liao Qing Fen , Wei Su , Yu Lei
Published: August 2014

The model of transformer as a noise source is very critical for substation noise prediction. The transformer is equivalent to several point sources on the basis of regarding the transformer as a combination of several planar sources. This equivalent model is based on equivalent source method and it is convenient and easy. The model of 9 equivalent point sources is simulated to verify that the rebuilt sound field is roughly the same as the actual sound field generated by the plane source. Moreover, the accuracy of the model with different settings was discussed. The acoustic model is accurate and feasible to calculate the noise level radiated by transformer and it is meaningful for substation noise control.
Polymeric Insulation: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Glushkov Daniil A. , Khalyasmaa Alexandra I. , Dmitriev Stepan A. , Nikonov Ivan P. , Zinoviev Kirill A.
Published: August 2014

The objective of this paper is a generalization of printed media publications and publications of polymeric insulations’ manufacturers with a view to distinguish strengths and weaknesses of polymeric insulation, summarize experience in application of polymeric insulation and if possible to observe a tendency of its further development.
Automobile Engine Fault Diagnosis and Prediction System
Authors: Zhou Mei Lan , Wang Ji Chang , Li Yan Ping
Published: August 2014

Aimed at the fault diagnosis and prediction of automobile engine, firstly designed a framework structure of automobile engine fault diagnosis and prediction system, and built a hardware platform; Secondly adopted the genetic algorithm neural network to fault prediction and diagnosis reasoning; Finally after analyzing automobile exhaust components, engine vibration, engine abnormal sound parameters, inferred the appeared and impending fault of automobile then made the tips for users on the screen. The results show that the performance of system is well, the accuracy of diagnosis and prediction is 95% in different conditions of experiment and debugging.
Design ADRC for Cutter Suction Dredger Cutter Motor Variable Frequency Drive System
Authors: Bai Ming , Chen Jin Hua , Xie Cheng Ning , Li Fang Hui
Published: August 2014

In order to achieve precise speed control for cutter suction dredger cutter motor, the controller should adapt well to uncertainties, such as geological environment, water flow, mechanical disturbance, etc. It makes the design of cutter motor controller always a hard work. This paper proposes an active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) approach for cutter suction dredger cutter motor variable frequency drive system. Firstly, the LabVIEW platform was established by virtual instrument technology, which collected operating data of cutter motor in fundamental wave and total harmonic distortion (THD). Then cutter motor motion mathematic model was built and the ADRC design method was introduced. Lastly, the simulation results in the cutter velocity control and disturbance environments were done. The results show that the ADRC controller has strong robustness, and the precise speed control can be implemented.
Power Grid Crisis Management under the Natural Disasters in Extreme Weather
Authors: Li Shi Hua
Published: August 2014

Power grid crisis happening at home and abroad warns the urgency of power grid crisis management. This article mainly study on how to carry out power grid crisis management under the natural disasters in extreme weather from three aspects: prevention and early warning before the crisis; coordination and joint action in crisis; reflections after the crisis. For the nucleus of crisis management is prevention-oriented, so the first line of defense of power grid crisis management is to establish a shared value of the crisis culture. In the face of power-grid crisis, a comprehensive “multi-sectoral” and “internal and external” coordination-mechanism must be built to jointly cope with the crisis. Through reflections after the crisis, inefficiency in disposal and long-term plan could be found timely so as to adjust preplan, early warning, long-range plans, and so on.
Research on Transmission Line Corridors Moving Target Video Detection Device
Authors: Cai Zi Jian , Feng Zheng Hua
Published: August 2014

The utility model provides a transmission line corridors video moving target detection apparatus for transmission line corridors fireworks warning judge, vehicle intrusion detection, construction machinery construction early warning detection and fires. Including: video detection module, embedded modules, communication modules and power supply modules. Video detection module will monitor video information transmitted via the communication module to the analysis and processing ARM-based embedded module, embedded module after the results after the data were processed packaged, transmitted to the communication module, is sent to the control center via 3G wireless communication network master. The utility model is the role: a moving target for the transmission line corridor monitoring, eliminating the presence of various risks and improve the operation and management level and intelligence transmission lines.
The Effect of Meteorology Factors on Power Load in High-Temperature Seasons
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: August 2014

Power load consists of four components according to the law of its variation, normal load, weather-sensitive load, special-events load, random load, and we can separate the air conditioning load from power load. Then by fitting the relationship between meteorological factors and air-conditioning power consumption, can we grasp the effect of meteorology factors on power load in high-temperature seasons.
The Analysis and Evaluation of Tendering and Bidding Procurement of Electric Power Equipment Based on Value Engineering
Authors: Pan Zhong Zhi , Li Xin Ye , Hu Chen Ge
Published: August 2014

As a main way of electric power equipment procurement, scientific and operational comprehensive assessing index system are essential for successful tendering and bidding. The background and significance of tendering procurement for electric power equipment are introduced in this paper. Aiming at the practice of tendering and bidding procurement, the model of selection of bidding scheme is set up based on value engineering. Empirical analysis of tendering procurement for coal mining machine and atomizing pump proved the feasibility of value engineering analysis in tendering and bidding.
The Staged Decision Model of Key Grid Project: Based on the Real Option Theory
Authors: Hu Wei , Huang Kang Ren , Liu Zhi Yan , Du Min
Published: August 2014

With the continuous development of electric power construction and electricity market reform, power grid investment are facing more and more uncertainties. As to the Key Project investment evaluation for grid, single stage evaluation model is too simple to make an appropriate decision, which overlooked the option value of the investment project. Therefore, in view of the periodical characteristics of investment decision-making process of the grid company’s key project, this article based on the real option analysis methods, and divide the power grid’s key projects into multiple stage according to time sequence, to evaluate each stage’s option value, and to determine the overall value of the grid company’s key investment projects, which has also provided an new train? of thought for the assessment of risk investment projects.
Narrow Band k-Distribution Model for Radiative Calculations of Non-Gray Gas
Authors: Zhou Yue , Wang Qiang , Hu Hai Yang
Published: August 2014

Based on precise mathematical principles, a narrow band k-distribution (NBK) model is developed to calculate the radiative properties of water vapor and carbon dioxide. In this model, the integral variable of radiative transfer equation (RTE) is transformed from wavenumber to non-dimensional cumulative k-distribution function, leading to a final integration with very few quadrature points. Accuracy of the model is examined by calculating radiation in gases between two cold and black parallel plates. All the parameters calculated through NBK model, including radiative flux, transmissivity as well as radiative intensity, are compared with that of line-by-line calculations, which proves the NBK model can provide exact results with great computational savings. In this paper, absorption coefficients of water vapor and carbon dioxide are obtained from the line parameters in high-resolution spectroscopic database HITEMP 2010.
Simulation Research on Air-Liquid Hydraulic Resonance for Enhancing Surge Pressure
Authors: Yong Qi Wei , Zhou Ren , He De An
Published: August 2014

In pipeline transportation, hydraulic resonance is a particular fluid transient phenomenon, which maybe produces high surge pressure. Especially with air cavity being trapped in liquid pipeline, so must be avoided. However, this behavior may be used to prompt flow vibration to enhance the surge pressure for some special purposes, for example, pulsed water jet, water cannon, and so on. Based on this viewpoint, an approach of making use of the air-liquid hydraulic resonance in a pipe connected with an air-chamber to generate high pressure is put forward. The mathematic model of the system is established and numerically simulated. It is shown that, under some certain conditions, hydrodynamic resonance can take place because of the air-liquid transient, so the pipe outlet jet pressure can be enhanced remarkably.
Study on Flow Patterns and Separation Performance of Liquid-Gas Separator Units
Authors: Chen Xue Qing , Tong Lei
Published: August 2014

Three liquid-gas separator units were designed and manufactured from transparent acrylic resin based on the concept of a new kind of validated high performance condenser. The separator units had different spaces between baffle and outlet arm or different header diameters. A visualization cold state test system was set up to explore the basic principle of liquid-gas separation and liquid discharge process, using air and water as the working fluids. Four kinds of liquid flow patterns were observed by the liquid staining and high-speed photography at inlet air superficial velocities from 1m/s to 15m/s and water superficial velocities from 0.0015m/s to 0.06m/s. The effects of operation conditions and structure parameters on the separation efficiency of the liquid-gas separator units were investigated. The results showed that under the experimental conditions, the separation efficiency was more than 70%, the separation efficiency could be improved by increasing the space between baffle and outlet arm as well as the header diameter.
Biomass Production of Switchgrass in Saline-Alkali Land
Authors: Liu Ji Li , Wu Na
Published: August 2014

A field experiment was carried out to study the growth characteristics of switchgrass cultivated in saline-alkali lands. The results show that: the survival rate, plant height, tiller numbers per plant and biomass yield of switchgrass significantly reduce with the increasing magnitude of salinity-alkalinity stresses. Switchgrass can grow in saline-alkali environments, the survival rate is more than 85%, and the overwintering rate is more than 95%. Switchgrass plants grow better in mild and moderate saline-alkali lands, and it achieve the highest biomass yield and theoretical ethanol yield of 14.3 t/ha and 5958.8 l/ha respectively, in the third year. With saline-alkali stress, ash and lignin content of switchgrass biomass increase, calorific value, cellulose and hemicelluloses content of switchgrass biomass decrease, and fuel quality of switchgrass biomass reduce to a certain extent.
Adsorption of Streptomycin on Soil: Effects of pH and the Presence of Cations
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhao Wen Yan , Huang Wei Li
Published: August 2014

Streptomycin (STR) was the bactericidal antibiotic used extensively in human and veterinary medicine with a high aqueous solubility. In this study, the adsorption of STR on soil was studied as a function of pH, cationic types and ionic strength by using adsorption modeling and bath experiments. Adsorption modeling of the adsorption of STR was better fitted with the Freundlich as compared to the Langmuir. The absorbed STR on soil kept relatively constant at pH 3.5-8 and decreased at pH>8. And the order of cationic influence was CaCl2> NaCl≈KCl> the blank sample for STR sorption capacity, suggesting that the sorption of STR increased as the presence of low concentrations of the cationic. The amount of STR adsorbed was inversely proportional to the logarithmic concentration of the background cations.
Efficient Recovery of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Chicken Manure by a Three-Stage Countercurrent Anaerobic Digestion Process
Authors: Hu Xue Jing , Liu Xiao Ling , Yue Zheng Bo , Wang Jing , Song Yong Hui
Published: August 2014

Three-stage countercurrent anaerobic digestion as a novel anaerobic fermentation process was applied to improve the biogas production and nitrogen and phosphorus release ratio from chicken manure. The digestion performance of each stage (H1, H2 and H3) for producing biogas, biomethane, NH4+-N and PO43--P was investigated. Results showed that the maximum biogas production ratio and cumulative biogas were achieved by H1, and their values reached 714 mL/d and 8636 mL, respectively. Compared with H2 and H3, the cumulative biogas from H1 increased by 45.6% or more. CH4content remained relatively stable in H1, and its average value was 68%, which was a little higher than that in H2 and H3. Moreover, NH4+-N and PO43--P levels which were released during anaerobic digestion of chicken manure arrived at 6.4 g/L and 230.6 mg/L in H1, and they were approximately 27% and 7% more than the other two stages, respectively. The results indicated that the three-stage countercurrent anaerobic digestion process could reduce the inhibitory effect of ammonia and VFAs on anaerobic microorganisms.
Xiangjiaba Reservoir Ecological Operation Preliminary Study Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Qin Min , Peng Yang , Yu Xian Liang
Published: August 2014

Traditional reservoir scheduling guarantees efficient utilization of water resources and maximizes hydropower station operation efficiency. However it doesn’t consider the surrounding ecological environment demand. Ecological operation which is based on Traditional reservoir scheduling makes the reservoir achieve long-term, sustainable operation and reduce adverse impacts on the ecological environment. Xiangjiaba reservoir is the ties of the downstream of jinsha river and the Yangtze river which is located in jinsha river basin ecological sensitive area. So the completion of the Xiangjiaba reservoir must result in unhealthy ecological environment impact. With traditional genetic algorithm (GA) encoding complexity and being easy to fall into local convergence limitation, put forward a kind of improved convergence of genetic algorithm, the improved genetic algorithm with real number coding and fitness function which is converted into a nonlinear trigonometric function selection operator. Select the adaptive crossover probability and mutation probability adjust, in order to improve the convergence of the algorithm. RVA method is used to calculate the IHA index upper and lower threshold value and the upper and lower threshold could value as the constraint conditions of ecological scheduling objective function model. The results show that the improved genetic algorithm converge makes the global optimal solution ability stronger and faster; RVA method is suitable for the jinshajiang river and results are more comprehensive and more reasonable.
A Graphing Method of Solute Parameter Estimation for Convection-Dispersion Equation
Authors: Liu Chun Ping , Shi Yun , Tang Yan Dong , Liao Xin
Published: August 2014

A graphing method is presented in this paper for estimating the parameters of solute transport in soils based on the convection-dispersion equation (CDE). The ratio of flux concentration change with time (dc/dt) is obtained on data of breakthrough curve (BTC) of solute transport in a semi-infinite soil column. Using graphing software, for example, the Microsoft Excel, can draw two curves of t1.5dc/dt and dc/dt respect to time. Each curve has single peak. The two curves are used to estimate the retardation factor and dispersion coefficient in the CDE. Hypothetical examples and displacement experimental data of two soils were used to validate the new graphing method for its accuracy and stability for estimating the two parameters. The stability of parameter estimation is evaluated by the standard deviations of estimation parameters to their average value. The accuracy of the new method is assessed by comparing it with other two most used methods that are the CXTFIT and the slope methods. The results show that the method has both high accuracy and good stability. The new method is particularly good for the estimation of parameter R. The method is a deterministic method and it is simple in terms of calculations. It also has the advantages of uniqueness and no initial guess of the parameters over the CXTFIT method. The new method provides an alternative approach for estimating parameters of solute transport in soils. It is simple, accurate, stable, and saves time.
The Research on the Process of Water Resources Carrying Capacity and the Countermeasures of Water Resources Exploitation and Utilization
Authors: Ji Guo Bin , Wang Yan Hua , Zheng Fei Min
Published: August 2014

Based on the comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign scholars on the status on the basis of the definition, the water resources carrying capacity, we put forward a more exact definition of the water resources carrying capacity and expound its connotation, by analyzing of the research on water resources carrying capacity and its development trend of the scholars at home and abroad for many years, we put forward the effective measures to deal with the water resources.
Progress in Scenedesmus Obliquus Culture and Physiological Mechanisms of Toxicity
Authors: Wang Fei Fei , Zeng Hong Hu , Mo Ling Yun
Published: August 2014

As the basis for toxicological tests, the culture conditions of Scenedesmus obliquus affect the progress of the experiment. The paper discusses the cases using aquatic fourth medium, BG11 medium and SE medium for Scenedesmus obliquus culture. In the physiological mechanism of Scenedesmus obliquus toxicity, the discussion is focused on the current research status and prospect.
Numerical Simulation of the Salty Water Intrusion after the Construction of Houshan Reservoir, China
Authors: Xie Ming Xiao , Xu Ting , Cai Yin
Published: August 2014

The seawater intrusion of the Gou River, China and the impact of Houshan Reservoir are studied using numerical simulations. The results show that the natural seawater intrusion length is 1.66km for Gou River estuary, and once the Houshan reservoir is constructed the intrusion length increases to 1.98km, which is 0.32km longer than the natural condition. At present, the highest salinity at the estuary is around 18‰, and recovers to fresh water environment in 3.0km. After the construction of the reservoir, the salinity value increase to 20‰ at the estuary. To around 2.0km from the estuary, the salinity recovers to the natural condition.
Long Term Evolution Characteristics of Runoffs in the Tideway of the Changjiang River
Authors: Huang Hui Ming , Zhu Hao , Wang Yi Gang , Zhang Wei Na
Published: August 2014

Abstract. Datong hydrological station is the last control station in the Changjiang River mainstream, and its runoffs have great significance on evolution of the tideway and the estuary of the Changjiang River. Therefore, this paper compiled long term series (1950~2010) of daily water discharges at Datong gauging station, and utilized the statistic methods to analyze the long term evolution characteristics of the Datong runoff. The results show that: (1) Inter-annual variability of runoffs was relatively stable, with average fluctuation range below 104m3/s, which may be caused by the location of the river basin and regulation of many large scale lakes; (2) The monthly runoffs have distinctly seasonal variation characteristics, wherein, the runoffs from June to September occupy 51% within a year, and the other months occupy the residual 49%, moreover, the runoff proportion of flood season within 2003~2010 has a slight decline of 2%, compared with that of 1995~2002.
Progress on Treatment of Cadmium Pollution in Wastewater
Authors: Huang Dao Lin , Liang Mei Na , Wang Dun Qiu , Zhu Yi Nian
Published: August 2014

Cadmium has wide application in industrial production, and serious environmental pollution was generated. The Sources of Cadmium in water and its harm were introduced in this paper. The bioremediation, phytoremediation, physical and chemical remediation, electrolytic repair of wastewater containing cadmium treatment technology was reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method have been elaborated. The outlook of cadmium pollution treatment in the future was put forward.
The Influence of Debris Flow on Lake Depositon: An Case from Guanba River in Qionghai Lake Basin
Authors: Yue Jian Guo , Qi Yun Long , Wei Xue Li , Chen Ning Sheng
Published: August 2014

Sediment deposition caused by debris flows is an important process controlling the evolution and regression of lake, and even a pervasive environmental problem. The frequent debris flows construct a vital links between mountain slope and Qiong Lake transporting lots of sediment into lake, and further making the lake depth and lake area shallower and smaller constantly. In the paper, we select the Guanba River in the northeast of Qiong Lake as a case studying the effect of debris flows on Lake depositon and the characteristics of typical debris flow, and document the sediment deposition in the Guanba River estuary. The control factors contributing to debris flow initiation indicate that the debris flows are drove by rainfall, earthquake and human activities together, and the occurrence frequency of debris flows in the study area will continue to increase.
Photosynthetic Performance of Marestail (Hippuris vulgaris Linn.) across a Water Temperature Gradient
Authors: Gao Lin An
Published: August 2014

we examined the photosynthetic responses of submerged marestail in three lakes using pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. Three lakes were studied across a gradient of water temperature, with low water temperature conditions in Grass Lake and Arrow Bamboo Lake, and higher water temperature in Five Colored Lake. In the field, electron transport rates (ETRmax) were measured as rapid light curves (RLCs) by in situ yield measurements. Submerged marestail showed higher photosynthetic activity in Five Colored Lake compared to the other lakes, a response consistent with the adaptation of marestail in Five Colored Lake to high water temperature. The optimal temperature for photosynthesis of submerged marestail in Jiuzhaigou is about 12 °C. These results indicate that in different lakes the function of these aquatic plants is associated with a diversity of place-dependent environmental conditions, especially water temperature that leads to pronounced differences in the plant’s ecophysiological reactions.
Resistance and Distribution to Heavy Metals of Zoysia sinica hance and Rumex crispus
Authors: Xue Xi Cheng , Liu Gang
Published: August 2014

Mine tailings is composed of mineral sands and gravel,which usually contains considerable heavy metals[1]. The plants growing in mine tailings area usually have a certain tolerance for heavy metals.According to analyzed the Zoysia sinica Hance and Rumex crispus in the upper reaches of Jialing river, discussed how local environment effect the resistance, migration, transport for heavy metals Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd. The results show that the heavy metal Pb in Zoysia sinica Hance is leaf>root,the heavy metals Zn,Cu,Cd in Zoysia sinica Hance is root>leaf,and the proportion of heavy metal in leaf and root remain stability and keep positive correlation between each other. Zoysia sinica has strong resistance and accumulation for heavy metals Pb, Zn, Cu.Especially it has potential accumulation for Pb, and poor accumulation for Cd.The heavy metal Zn,Cd in Rumex crispus is leaf>root,but for Pb and Cu is root>leaf.Rumex crispus has a certain accumulation for Pb,Zn and Cu,and has a poor accumulation for Cd.Zoysia sinica Hance and Rumex crispus show resistance to various heavy metals and has accumulation for some heavy metals, Zoysia and crispuscan can be used for repairing the soil of mining district or can be used for Soil recovery.
Studies on the Nutrition Component of Fresh Shoots of Large-Sized Cluster Bamboo from Yunnan, China
Authors: Hui Chao Mao , Liu Wei Yi , Wang Wen Jiu , Liang Ni
Published: August 2014

Nutrition components of bamboo shoots sampled from 6 large-sized and shoots-based bamboo species in Yunnan were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that bamboo shoots were naturally green food with merits of high protein, fiber, ash content, low sugar and low fat, however with defects of sulfur-containing amino acid and calcium deficiency, consisting of essential amino acid such as aspartic acid, phenylalanine, tryptophan and lysine, also including other important microelements as iron, zinc and manganese, and vitamin E.
The Super-Cooling Point of the Spiralling Whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell
Authors: Chen Jun Yu , Ma Guang Chang , Fu Yue Guan
Published: August 2014

Laboratory experiments were conducted to the super-cooling point (SCP) for Aleurodicus dispersus Russell. The results showed that the SCP of A. dispersus was varied in different seasons. The SCP of eggs was-23.21°C in spring, which was lowest than others. The SCP of male adult was-11.10°C in winter, which was highest. For individuals, the lowest SCP was 1th instar nymph, the highest was male adults. The sequence of SCP from low to high is eggs <the 1st instar nymph <2nd instar <3rd instar <4th instar <adults. The SCP of eggs and 1st instar nymph were lowest in every season, which lower than adults significantly (P<0.01). The results revealed stronger cold hardiness in egg stages than adults.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Four Strawberry Cultivars
Authors: Li Li , Li Bin , Shang Hong Li , Li Dong Nan , Meng Xian Jun , Huang Guo Hui
Published: August 2014

Physical and chemical properties were measured to study quality of 4 strawberry cultivars, which were fruit weight, firmness, crude protein, juice yield, total anthocyanin, total phenols, total sugar, titratable acid, total soluble solid, pH, water content, electrical conductivity, surface color (L, a, b). The result showed that 15 properties had significantly difference between 4 strawberry cultivars, the variance of these 15 properties ranged from 0.36% to 29.68%. The correlation analysis showed that 15 properties had 5 couple properties significantly correlation (p<0.05), fruit weight and crude protein, juice yield and titratable acid, total anthocyanin and total phenols, titratable acid and surface color a, electrical conductivity and surface color b. The correlation of other properties were not significantly in this study.
Overview of Pesticide Toxicity Studies on Oblique Scenedesmus
Authors: Tang Miao , Zeng Hong Hu , Qin Li Tang
Published: August 2014

With in-depth knowledge of pesticide contamination, toxicity and mechanisms of toxicity studies of pesticides on algae growing. Toxicity of pesticides to algae is destruction of algal biofilm structure and function, effect of algae photosynthesis, respiration, also effects of algal physiological and biochemical components. Different growing influence of different types of pesticides on Scenedesmus obliquus, the impact of pesticides with different components of Scenedesmus obliquus will be different. This paper reviews the growth and impact of the toxic effects of pesticides on the ramp mechanism Scencdesmus.
Enhancement and Application of WorldView-2 to Geological Interpretation
Authors: Zhou Jia Jing , Tian Shu Fang , Wang Na , Hu Xiao
Published: August 2014

By comparing WorlView-2 with other remote sensing data in the characteristics of spectral bands and spatial resolution, we found that all the eight bands of WorldView-2 are sensitive to lithology and helpful to distinguish them; besides, WorldView-2 provides a richer texture information with a high spatial resolution of 0.46m, which is also very important in geological interpretation of remote sensing. Therefore, WorldView-2 data has a strong advantage in geological applications. In the geological interpretation of the Kezile area in West Kunlun Mountain, different enhancement methods based on the spectrum, texture and geomorphology/vegetation were applyed to enhance the lithology information of WorldView-2 image, and it achieved a good effect. With the enhanced images of Kezile area, we subdivided the Jurassic, Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene into lithologies in detail, and completed the remote sensing geological interpretation map.
Application of Remote Sensing to Monitor Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink in China
Authors: Wang Jing , Shi Run He , Zhang Lu
Published: August 2014

Kyoto Protocol states that developed countries have the responsibility to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. It, also, suggests that developed countries take measures to enhance carbon sink. Therefore, every country pays more attention on the research of global carbon cycle. China, a developing country with a fast economic increasing rate, has urgent need of related data and information so as to adjust its national development plan and negotiate with other countries. Remote sensing is one of the most important technologies and data sources for large-scale carbon-related researches including terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling law, carbon sink/source pattern and sink enhancement technology. This paper introduces recent applications of remote sensing technology to the following aspects in China: monitoring land cover, simulating carbon flux, spatial distribution of carbon sink and carbon sink enhancement measures.
Real-Time Prediction of Debris Flow Using Fuzzy Event Tree Based on Dynamic Process Factors in GIS
Authors: Wang Xiang Hua
Published: August 2014

Debris flow is a kind of serious geologic hazard and Real-time prediction of debris flow is essential for the protection of human life and property. The objective of this paper is to propose a method for real-time predicting debris flow using fuzzy event tree (FET), which is constructed by integrating event tree analysis, fuzzy mathematics and expert knowledge. Xiu Yan County, An Shan City, Liaoning province in China was used as a case. The prediction assessment was based on four dynamic process factors, namely antecedent rainfall (AR), the maximum rainfall intensity (MRI) each hour, soil saturated liquefaction degree (SSLD) and soil instability (SI). The four dynamic process factors were viewed as initiating events in FET model for forecasting debris flow. The result indicated that the majority of study area is characterized by medium and low dangerous level. This study suggests that weather forecast, timely detection of SSLD and SI are important for preventing and mitigating disaster and FET methodology is promising for real-time foresting geologic hazard.
Research on Space Transformation Mode of Old Villages Based on ArcView 3D Analyst - Take Huaiyin Village, Located at Dantu District, Zhenjiang for Example
Authors: Cheng Xin , Han Rong , Zhu Zhe
Published: August 2014

As the extension module of ArcView GIS, ArcView 3D Analyst can visually provide three-dimensional surface model and interactive three-dimensional perspective observation function. Its principle is to use ArcView software to handle AutoCAD elemental topographic map data, and then set up digital elevation model (DEM) through geographic information system. The essay takes the project of turning Huaiyin Village, which is located at Guyang Town, Zhenjiang city, into a new style village through space transformation as an example to present how to use spatial three-dimensional data analysis to settle down land distribution and statistics problems during the transformation and give effective planning proposals to the village construction.
Design and Establishment of Consolidated Supervision Database System for Land and Resources
Authors: Zhang Ji Yi , Xia Rui , Guan Xian Ming
Published: August 2014

The design and establishment consolidated supervision database system of land and resources, based on Oracle – relational database software and ArcSDE – spatial data engine, is proposed in this paper. The database system is constructed by integrating current database and creating specific database that include ordinary management business for land and resources. It is proved in the daily management for land and resources that the consolidated supervision database system significantly improves the management efficiency and the level of data sharing.
Research Progress of Coal Villages in China Based on Literatures Analysis
Authors: Cheng Lin Lin , Ren Jun Tao , Wang Peng Fei , Ma Lu , Jiang Shu
Published: August 2014

Using China National Knowledge Infrastructure as the retrieve source, research papers of villages overlapping coal resources in recent 48 years are analyzed from the aspects of time distribution, periodical distribution, topic distribution etc. Then the content of research literature is analyzed qualitatively and the research progress is revealed. The results show that: The total amount of literature is less, the gross number is only 331; Besides core journals, the ordinary journals occupies the large proportion among the journals on which the research papers published; It can generally be divided into two research themes, that is coal mining technology under villages and relocation of village overlapping coal resources. Compared with the first, the study of village relocation is weak, and much more study is in a shallow level; The research subject is single, and the technical personnel and workers at the basic level of coal enterprises occupy a large proportion. Although the village relocation involves a lot of land issues, the research of land scholars on this field is not much. To strengthen and broaden the research of relocation of villages overlapping coal resources is the trend of future research in this field. Comprehensive and quantitative research from the land, management, ecology, environment and other multi angle, multi domain, multi discipline should be conducted.
Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Arable Land Grade in Chenggu
Authors: Xu Xiao Ting , Sui Li Chun , Shan Dan Dan , Wang Sien
Published: August 2014

The purpose of this paper is to grasp the distribution characteristics of arable land quality. Methods employed are system analysis method and spatial analysis function of ArcGIS. The results show that the arable land quality is relatively higher compared to the national level. Differences of arable land grade were significant among different agricultural grading zones. The arable land grade of Han River plain area is the highest. The grades of irrigable land and paddy field are higher than dry land, and the irrigable land is the highest. Topography, soil, irrigation conditions, population density, economic development level are the main factors causing the difference of arable land grade spatial distribution. The research can provide a scientific basis for policies and measures making about arable land quality protection and grade improvement.
3D Stochastic Modeling for Reservoir Characterization and Application
Authors: Chen Guo Min , Sun Li , Bao Xiang Sheng
Published: August 2014

The reservoir is the accumulation spaces and development targets of hydrocarbon, always draw attention of researchers who participated in hydrocarbon exploration and development. The goal of reservoir characterization is to delineate precisely and completely the geologic variations for reservoirs in 3D distribution by the application of all kinds of useful data channel, so that it can give a reliable reference for the further reservoirs development. However, stochastic modeling has become the dominant tool for reservoir characterization because it can both simulate the reservoir heterogeneity and quantitatively characterize reservoir. Aimed at reservoirs in well block X26-X27 of Xiazijie Oilfield, on basis of reservoir structure, sedimentary microfacies, logging interpretation and reservoir heterogeneity research, the geologic dataset is established, and the 3D models, such as reservoir structure, logging interpretation and reservoir attributes, were all worked out by the application of stochastic modeling technique and 3D visualized technique to this area, furthermore, the testing and modification for facies analysis and classification were conducted in order to unravel the consistent micro-facies and reservoir property distribution, so that it will serve well for the identification and fine description and reservoir dynamic simulation.