bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biskupi katowiccy o świętowaniu niedzieli podczas pielgrzymek stanowych do Piekar Śląskich po II wojnie światowej
Authors: Szlachta Daniel
Published: December 2021

Ważnym zagadnieniem wymagającym omówienia jest wątek świętowania niedzieli jako dnia Pańskiego. Wbrew pozorom temat ten nie stracił na aktualności, dlatego też podjęto próbę opracowania uwzględniającą nauczanie biskupów podczas pielgrzymek do Piekar Śląskich. Należą do nich pielgrzymki stanowe mężczyzn i młodzieńców odbywające się w ostatnią niedzielę maja oraz pielgrzymki kobiet i panien organizowane w niedzielę po 15 sierpnia. Temat sakralnego charakteru niedzieli poruszali kolejni biskupi katowiccy: Herbert Bednorz, Damian Zimoń i Wiktor Skworc. W okresie PRL przymus pracy w niedzielę był skutkiem wieloletniego rozwoju przemysłu na Górnym Śląsku oraz działań ówczesnych władz, które dążyły do zniewolenia człowieka. Miał temu służyć czterobrygadowy system pracy w kopalniach, który wprowadzono oficjalnie w 1977 r. W odpowiedzi powstało słynne hasło pielgrzymkowe: „niedziela Boża i nasza”. Po przemianach 1989 r. abp Damian Zimoń i abp Wiktor Skworc nadal przypominali to hasło, sprzeciwiając się praktyce handlu niedzielnego oraz powstawania nowych centrów handlowych. Często przemawiali w imieniu osób zatrudnionych w handlu, które nie miały czasu dla rodziny i na odpoczynek oraz nie mogły uczestniczyć w niedzielnej Mszy Świętej. Mimo wejścia w życie zakazu handlu niedzielnego zagadnienie to nadal jest aktualne, wielu bowiem szuka sposobów jego obejścia.
Orzeł Biały w polskich herbach miejskich
Authors: Marecki Józef
Published: December 2021

Wśród wielu herbów miast leżących na terenie Polski wyróżniają się te, na tarczach których widnieje wyobrażenie Orła Białego będącego herbem (godłem) państwowym. Orzeł Biały znajduje się w herbach dziewięciu miast polskich. Przedstawienie orła występuje w heraldyce rycerskiej, szlacheckiej, miejskiej i kościelnej. Przyjęcie Orła Białego jako godła nie jest przypadkowe, ma swoje uzasadnienie historyczne i społeczne. Stanowiło także pewne wyróżnienie dla miasta, w którego herbie znajdowały się elementy zaczerpnięte z herbu państwowego. Najczęściej nawiązywało do nadania praw miejskich przez władców Polski oraz do historycznej roli, jaką odegrały używające je współcześnie miasta. Warto też podkreślić, że Orzeł Biały w herbie budował poczucie przynależności do wspólnoty państwowej i utwierdzał poczucie tożsamości narodowej w okresie niewoli narodowej.
Παρρησία Szawła w Damaszku i Jerozolimie
Authors: Nawara Dariusz
Published: December 2021

Greckie terminy παρρησία i παρρησιάζομαι nabrały wielkiego znaczenia w Atenach w VI w. przed Chr. Określano nimi prawo wolnego obywatela do przemawiania na Zgromadzeniu Ludowym. Był on zobowiązany do mówienia prawdy nawet za cenę prześladowania. Pojęcia te funkcjonowały również w sferze prywatnej i w filozofii. Chętnie korzystali z nich autorzy Pisma Świętego (w Dz występują 11 razy). W rozdziale dziewiątym Dziejów Apostolskich św. Łukasz za pomocą czasownika παρρησιάζομαι opisuje postawę nawróconego Szawła, który głosi słowo Boże w Damaszku i Jerozolimie. Pomimo trudności, jakie się pojawiają, niczego nie zmienia w orędziu Ewangelii. Παρρησία jest charyzmatem, którym obdarowuje człowieka Duch Święty. Jego działanie jest kluczowe dla właściwego zrozumienia powyższych terminów w Dziejach. Dzięki Niemu παρρησία nie jest już przywilejem jedynie wolnych obywateli jak w starożytnych Atenach, ale łaską, która nawet prostych i nieuczonych ludzi uzdalnia do odważnego i śmiałego mówienia o Chrystusie.
Wyrażenie „czas, czasy i połowa czasu” jako ograniczony okres ucisku i cierpienia w Księdze Daniela i Apokalipsie św. Jana
Authors: Żarnowski Robert
Published: December 2021

Artykuł przedstawia analizę tekstów biblijnych Księgi Daniela i Apokalipsy św. Jana, w których występuje określenie „czas i czasy, i połowa czasu”. Wyrażenie to opisuje okres działania sił zła przeciwnych Bogu, kiedy to lud Boży doświadcza prześladowania i ucisku. Ponadto w księdze Apokalipsy pojawiają się wyrażenia równoznaczne bazujące na przeliczeniu wspomnianego wyrażenia na okres trzech i pół roku: „czterdzieści dwa miesiące” i „tysiąc dwieście sześćdziesiąt dni”, a także liczbowo tożsamy okres „trzech i pół dnia”. Najpierw omówiono krótko koncepcję czasu w Piśmie Świętym i dokonano przeglądu hebrajskiej i greckiej terminologii dotyczącej czasu. Następnie przeanalizowano teksty, w których pojawia się bezpośrednio wyrażenie „czas, czasy i połowa czasu” (Dn 7,25; 12,7; Ap 12,14), oraz miejsc z określeniami równoznacznymi (Ap 11,2.3.9.11; 12,6; 13,5). W podsumowaniu wskazano na główne idee kryjące się za analizowanymi określeniami. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań wykazano, że określenie „czas i czasy, i połowa czasu” oraz wyrażenia równoznaczne wskazują na przedział czasowy cechujący się cierpieniem i prześladowaniem spowodowanym pozornym triumfem zła. Zwycięstwo to jest jednak złudne i całkowicie przejściowe, ograniczone potęgą Boga, który panuje nad czasem i historią.
Drugi i Trzeci List świętego Jana w komentarzach Ojców Kościoła
Authors: Lasek Paweł
Published: December 2021

Celem niniejszej pracy jest prezentacja oraz omówienie treści starożytnych komentarzy do Drugiego i Trzeciego Listu św. Jana. Te dwa krótkie listy należą do najrzadziej czytanych i komentowanych ksiąg Nowego Testamentu. To samo, choć może nawet w jeszcze większym stopniu można powiedzieć o nielicznych starożytnych komentarzach do tych listów. Czytając dzieła Klemensa Aleksandryjskiego, Dydyma Ślepego, Bedy Czcigodnego, Ekumeniusza czy też Hilarego z Arles, można zauważyć, że komentując Drugi i Trzeci List Janowy koncentrowali się oni przede wszystkim na okolicznościach ich powstania i dociekali, kto dokładnie jest ich adresatem oraz co można ustalić na temat tożsamości wymienionych w nich osób. W ich komentarzach nie brakuje jednak również tematów teologicznych. Wychodząc od czasem pozornie nie związanych w teologią fragmentów listów, poruszali tematy teologiczne właściwe bardziej ich czasom niż czasom apostolskim. Wśród takich tematów można wymienić paruzję Chrystusa, realność Jego wcielenia lub relację Syna Bożego i Boga Ojca. W kręgu zainteresowania egzegetów pozostaje również konieczność zachowywania prawdziwej wiary oraz odcięcia się od heretyków, którzy ją zniekształcają.
Charlesa Peirce’a „zaniedbany argument” za rzeczywistością Boga
Authors: Krzos Bartłomiej
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy tekst skupia się na drugiej z trzech części argumentu Charlesa S. Peirce’a za rzeczywistością Boga. Analiza rozumowania Peirce’a, na mocy którego uzasadnia on swoje przekonanie, opiera się na jego artykule zatytułowanym Neglected Argument (Zaniedbany argument). Uporządkowano ją następująco: Po pierwsze, opisany przez Peirce’a proces myślowy nazwany „zabawą dumania”, który wielu ludzi w pokorny sposób prowadzi do hipotezy Boga, został usprawiedliwiony jako naturalny dla człowieka. Po drugie, sama hipoteza Boga została uprawomocniona jako naturalny efekt „zabawy dumania”. Po trzecie, autor argumentu wymienił trzy własności tej idei, dzięki którym staje się ona wiarygodna, a więc w znaczny sposób przybliża się do prawdy. To interesujące zagadnienie wymaga dalszych badań i prac naukowych.
Miłość jako fundament życia człowieka w świetle encykliki Fratelli tutti papieża Franciszka
Authors: Kumór Marek
Published: December 2021

Chrześcijańska wizja miłości, głęboko personalistyczna, stanowi fundament oraz podstawę życia człowieka. Prawdziwa miłość jest relacją osobową, ma swoje źródło w relacji między Bogiem a człowiekiem i opiera się na wzajemnym obdarowywaniu i przyjmowaniu. Wyznacza prawidłowy kierunek relacji oraz spotkań z drugim człowiekiem. Jeśli miłość stanowi centrum życia człowieka, a zarazem wskazuje na specyfikę jego powołania i posłannictwa, to nie sposób sobie wyobrazić, żeby ta fundamentalna perspektywa życiowa nie znalazła właściwego wyrazu w odniesieniu do życia społecznego. Ta miłość powinna wyrażać się w wielu postawach społecznych, nade wszystko w tych, które uznaje się za fundamentalne zasady życia społecznego. Miłość nie może sprowadzać się tylko do pięknych słów czy deklaracji, ale musi przejawiać się ona w konkretnych czynach oraz postawach. W codziennym życiu społecznym ważna jest umiejętność wcielania w życie zasad miłości. W niniejszej refleksji omówiono – w świetle encykliki Fratelli tutti papieża Franciszka – zagadnienie miłości w trzech aspektach: miłość Boga, miłość bliźniego oraz miłość społeczna.
O metodzie dociekań imagologicznych
Authors: Libowski Łukasz
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przygotowanie badacza literaturoznawcy do prowadzenia dociekań imagologicznych. Tekst ma więc z jednej strony charakter wprowadzający i instrukcyjny, z drugiej zaś przeglądowy i syntetyczny. Składają się nań cztery części: 1) wyjaśnienie trzech podstawowych pojęć imagologicznych: innego/obcego, obrazu oraz etnotypu; 2) omówienie sposobu doboru materiału źródłowego do badań imagologicznych; 3) charakterystyka możliwych sposobów opracowania wyselekcjonowanego materiału tekstowego, a zatem możliwych profili badań imagologicznych; 4) prezentacja kilku najważniejszych ustaleń imagologii i wskazanie związanych z nimi momentów analizy imagologicznej, w których badacz winien zachować szczególną ostrożność.
Saula Aarona Kripke’go teoria nazw własnych
Authors: Wierdak Damian
Published: December 2021

Artykuł porusza problematykę nazw własnych w ujęciu S.A. Kripkego, które na gruncie filozofii analitycznej stanowią interesujące, choć niełatwe zagadnienie. Kripke nie tylko redefiniuje nazwy własne, utożsamiając je z desygnatorami sztywnymi, lecz podaje także argumenty przeciw deskrypcjonizmowi oraz stwarza nową teorię referencji nazw własnych. W swojej koncepcji kładzie ogromny nacisk na semantyczny aspekt nazw własnych, co stanowi przełom w badaniach analitycznych podejmujących ich wymiar znaczeniowy.
O nuncjuszu Durinim i dyplomacji Stolicy Apostolskiej w relacjach z Polską raz jeszcze – odpowiedź na polemikę
Authors: Kęder Wojciech
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy artykuł jest odpowiedzią na polemikę o. Pawła Zająca dotyczącą jego artykułu o aktywności nuncjusza Angelo Marii Duriniego w Warszawie w okresie konfederacji barskiej. Powtarza on zarzuty dotyczące fragmentarycznego wykorzystania bazy źródłowej i literatury oraz wniosków nie znajdujących potwierdzenia w źródłach.
Returning to the Body: Somatic Sensing in Multi-Person Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Thomas Lisa May
Published: December 2021

This article uses a dance-somatic standpoint to explore the complexities of body-technology relations across the virtuality and corporeality of bodies and environments using multi-person Virtual Reality technology (VR). Immersion into a virtual environment (VE) using VR can lead to a sense of presence, of ‘being there’. Dancers move attending to a field of sensation which is felt and tactile, undertaking somatic and sensory practices to de-centre vision so to foreground and thus activate non-visual and somatic senses. From this dancerly standpoint, entering into a VE brings into play the immediate effect of a perceptual tension or ‘gap’ between the visual, virtual environment and the physical, felt environment. Technologists and artists engaging with VR typically find ways to cover-over this perception gap in order to create a reality that is fluidly and synchronously experienced by the participant. This article introduces and discusses two participatory performance projects Figuring (2018) and Soma (2020) which challenge this approach. Drawing on participant responses to Figuring, and the creative development of Soma, the article presents and discusses six themes which unpack and challenge normative notions and expectations around VR technology and how bodies sensorially engage with the technology; and discusses an ‘ethics of care’ which calls for somatic activation and participatory agency in human encounters with technology. Throughout, the article offers a commentary on the tensions between a thematic research approach and an intuitive, practice-led approach in the analysis of participant testimonies and in the creative processes of performance-making. 
Adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm for inverter torque ripple
Authors:   College of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Liu Xiushan , Zhang Qin ,   College of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Cheng Jun ,   College of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University
Published: December 2021

Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional PCB control algorithm and reduce control algorithm, such as poor fault tolerance and uncontrollable change of adaptive parameters, an adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm based on inverter torque ripple is designed. Control the voltage space change, master the specific output waveform of torque ripple, get the optimal PWM suppression factor by calculating the peak and valley floating trend, and determine the suppression effect of inverter torque ripple. On this basis, Lyapunov stability theory is introduced to determine the application range of adaptive reference system. By calculating the fault-tolerant factor of the interval, the basic control flow is improved, and the adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm based on the torque ripple of the inverter is realized. The experimental results show that the fault-tolerant ability of the control algorithm is improved by about 20% when the adaptive parameters are always in the controllable range.
Three-dimensional diffraction-free Airy pulses in the medium of carbon nanotubes under the conditions of an optical resonator
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Belonenko A.M. , Dvuzhilova Yu.V. ,   Volgograd State University, Dvuzhilov I.S. ,   Volgograd State University, Belonenko M.B. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2021

Theoretically investigated the propagation of three-dimensional extremely short optical pulses, the longitudinal Airy cross section in a medium of semiconductor carbon nanotubes under the conditions of an optical resonator. Using numerical simulations, it was found that carbon nanotubes placed in an optical resonator create an environment in which the pulse propagates stably and conserves its energy, and also makes it possible to control some properties of an extremely short pulse (velocity and shape). The calculations of the pulse dynamics were carried out at long times, on the order of 100 ps.
Backward waves leaving the metamaterial
Authors:   Pacific State University (Khabarovsk, Russian Federation), Averbukh B.B. , Averbukh I.B. ,   Pacific State University
Published: December 2021

The medium is composed of plane-parallel monolayers consisting of Huygens elements. In the molecular optics model, expressions are obtained for the reflected field, the field in the medium, and (in the case of a layer of finite thickness) behind the medium. An extinction theorem is considered, and an expression for the refractive index is introduced. Under certain conditions, such a medium can behave like a medium with a unit, zero, or negative real part of the refractive index at a given frequency. The condition for the realization of a magnetic mirror is formulated. In the case of a medium layer of finite thickness, the exit of backward waves outside the medium is shown.
Absorption and fluorescence spectra of sulgin in the presence of methylene blue
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Tchaikovskaya O.N. , Chaidonova V.S. ,   National Research Tomsk State University; Hygienic and Epidemiological Center in Republic of Khakassia, Ashmarina M.A. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2021

Sensitive and selective detection of antibiotic residues is an important issue for human health, the environment and public safety. In this work, a study of the spectral-luminescent properties of the complex of sulgin and methylene blue in water was carried out. The methods of spectroscopy of electronic absorption and fluorescence are used to assess the properties of the studied molecules, which enter into specific and van der Waals, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between sulgin and methylene blue. It has been shown that the constant of interaction between sulgin and methylene blue is 2.5×103 M-1.
Gravitational interactions in the Dirac spinor fields and possible structure of local space-time of fermions
Authors:   Moscow State University of Technology ", Krechet V.G. ,   STANKIN", Oshurko V.B. ,   Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN"; Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baidin A.E. ,   Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN"
Published: December 2021

In the framework of general relativity, possible effects of the gravitational interactions in the Dirac spinor field are considered. It is shown that these interactions manifest locally as contact spin-spin interaction of the gravitational and spinor fields. This interaction leads to the classical rotation of particles with spin ħ /2. As a result, it leads to appearance of local internal space-time with specific geometric properties for each particle. New effect of an increase of the mass of spinor particles due to this interaction is found. Also, an explanation of the existence of a magnetic moment in Dirac spinor particles as a result of a local electro-spin-spin interaction has been proposed.
Geometry of entropy functions in the extended parastatistics of non-extensive systems
Authors:   Institute of Mechanics and Engineering -Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Zaripov R.G.
Published: December 2021

The group of functions of parametric quantum entropy in extended parastatistics of nonextensive systems is determined. The metric function of Finsler geometry in the two-dimensional space of entropy functions is introduced.
Quantum solutions in relativistic classical mechanics
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lasukov V.V. , Lasukova T.V. ,   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Abdrashitova M.O. ,   Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Published: December 2021

Quantum solutions of the classical equation of relativistic mechanics are found. The synthesis of classical and quantum physics can become the basic formalism for the second quantum revolution, since the existence of quantum solutions to all equations of classical physics means that macroscopic bodies of both inanimate and living matter, under certain conditions, can be quantum objects. This new direction of physics can find application in the development of nature-like technologies.
Research on a complete model of cosmological evolution a classical scalar field with a Higgs potential. II. Numerical simulation
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Ignat’ev Yu.G. , Samigullina A.R. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: December 2021

A study and computer simulation of a complete model of the cosmological evolution of a classical scalar field with a Higgs potential is carried out without the assumption that the Hubble constant is nonnegative. It is shown that in most cases of initial conditions the cosmological model passes from the expansion stage to the compression stage. Thus, cosmological models based on the classical Higgs field are unstable with respect to finite perturbations.
Vertical conductivity of superlattice in longitudinal strong magnetic field with intraband and interband transitions
Authors:   Baku State University, Figarova S.R. , Figarov V.R. ,   Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Published: December 2021

The influence of interband and intraband transitions on oscillations of the vertical conductivity of superlattices in a strong magnetic field is considered. It was found that for the charged impurity scattering intraband transitions dominate in magnetic fields up to 2 T, and with a further increase in the magnetic field, interband transitions control. The conductivity oscillations are determined by a ratio of the magnetic length to the superlattice period and the effective mass anisotropy.
Magnetic properties of rare earth chromium borates at high temperatures
Authors:   Samarkand State University (Samarkand, Uzbekistan), Kuvandikov O.K. , Leonyuk N.I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Malsev V.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuzmin M.M. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shakarov Kh.O. ,   Samarkand State University (Samarkand, Uzbekistan), Shodiev Z.M. ,   Samarkand State University (Samarkand, Uzbekistan), Amonov B.U. ,   Samarkand State University (Samarkand, Uzbekistan), Sulaimonov O.A. ,   Samarkand State University (Samarkand, Uzbekistan)
Published: December 2021

Temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility has been studied for rare-earth borates NdCr3(BO3)4, SmCr3(BO3)4 and LuCr3(BO3)4 by the Faradey method in the wide temperature range (300-1200 K). The dependence for each phase follows the Curi - Weis law. The Curie temperatures, Neel temperatures and magnetic moments corresponding to the chemical formula of the crystals, have been found.
Thermal convection in melting zone of hollow microparticle Al2O3
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Shekhovtsov V.V. , Abzaev YU.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Volokitin O.G. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Klopotov A.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of development melting zone hollow spherical microparticle α-Al2O3. The object of the study was part circular sector, which represents the shell of hollow particle, which is formed under action plasma flow. Numerically describe the unsteady convective heat and mass transfer in shell hollow particle, we used the system Navier-Stokes equations in Boussinesq approximation, which describes the weak convection medium. Due to the high coefficient of porosity (P = 0.56) initial agglomerated particle with the α-Al2O3 structure, the inner region at the stage of heating Tp ≥ Tmelt is in the conditions heat exchange with the incoming heat flux, as result of which the temperature center coincided with the temperature particle surface. Result of overheating of the condensed phase, liquid layer of fused grains is formed in the inner and outer regions microparticle. In this case, the melting front is directed towards center shell. Result of numerical modeling, it has been established that convective heat and mass transfer is observed in melting zones (liquid phase), vector field of which covers almost the entire region of the liquid phase. It was found that thermal convection in the external liquid phase is characterized by velocities that are more than 2 times higher than the displacement velocity in the inner region of the particle. It is shown that there is no displacement of the material inside the convection region, thereby inhomogeneous heating occurs in the molten layer of the particle, which significantly affects the speed of movement of the melting front.
Structure and properties of the surface layer of zirconium-niobium alloy subjected to high-dose implantation with 10B+ boron isotope ions
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Ivanov Yu.F. , Frolova V.P. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS; Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Bugaev A.S. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Kadlubovich B.E. ,   Tomsk Regional Institute of Advanced Training and Retraining of Educators, Nikolaev A.G. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Petrikova E.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Tolkachev O.S. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Yushkov G.Yu. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS
Published: December 2021

The creation of layers implanted with boron isotope 10B on the elements of the core of a nuclear reactor can, due to the anomalously large neutron capture cross-section, provide a decrease in the reactivity of the reactor at the beginning of the company for its operation. The aim of this work is to study the effect of high-dose implantation with 10B + boron isotope ions (ion energy 22 keV, exposure doses from 1×1016 to 7×1016 ion/cm2) on the structure and properties of the surface of E110 alloy samples. It was found that implantation with 10B+ boron ions with an energy of 22 keV at a dose of 7×1016 ions/cm2 leads to an increase in the surface microhardness from 3 GPa for the initial one to 3.7 GPa for the implanted sample. It was found that the corrosion rate of E110 alloy samples in 1% HF solution after implantation (ion energy 10B + 22 keV, dose 7×1016 ion/cm2) is 1.2-1.4 times lower than for the initial alloy. It is shown that the implantation of the E110 alloy with 10B + boron ions is accompanied by the formation of a subgrain structure with dimensions 100-200 nm in the surface layer, an increase in the scalar dislocation density, and the release of nanosized 1.8-2.3 nm zirconium boride particles.
Dark currents of unipolar barrier structures based on mercury cadmium telluride for long-wave inred detectors
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Voitsekhovskii A.V. , Nesmelov S.N. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Dzyadukh S.M. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Dvoretsky S.A. ,   National Research Tomsk State University; Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Mikhailov N.N. ,   Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Sidorov G.Yu. ,   Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Yakushev M.V. ,   Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
Published: December 2021

Two types of long-wave infrared nBn structures based on mercury cadmium telluride grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs (013) substrates have been fabricated. For each type of device, the side walls of the mesa structures were passivated with an Al2O3 dielectric film or left without passivation. The CdTe content in the absorbing layers was 0.20 and 0.21, and in the barrier layers, 0.61 and 0.63. The dark currents of the manufactured devices were studied in a wide range of voltages and temperatures. The values of the surface leakage component are found under various conditions. It has been shown that the surface leakage current density decreases upon passivation with an Al2O3 film. It was found that at room temperature in the fabricated nBn structures with reverse biases, the surface leakage component dominates, and with forward biases, the dark current is determined by the combined effect of the surface leakage component and the bulk current component. From the Arrhenius plots, the values of the activation energies of the surface leakage current component were found, which at small reverse biases are in the range from 0.05 to 0.10 eV. At small reverse biases, upon cooling the samples, the role of the bulk component of the dark current increases, which at 180 K is approximately 0.81 A/cm2. In the temperature range 200-300 K, the values of the dark current density exceed the values calculated according to the empirical Rule07 model by a factor of 10-100, which indicates the possibility of creating long-wave infrared barrier detectors with a decrease in the values of the surface leakage component.
Dependence of the ratio of squares of the velocity of acoustic waves in solids on the Gruneisen parameter
Authors:   Banzarov Buryat State University, Sanditov D.S. ,   Institute of Physical Materials Science SB RAS, Badmaev S.S. ,   Banzarov Buryat State University, Mashanov A.A. ,   Banzarov Buryat State University
Published: December 2021

It is found that in the Leont'ev and Belomestnykh-Tesleva formulas for the Grüneisen parameter, the right-hand sides of the equalities depend on anharmonicity through the dependence of the ratio of the squared acoustic wave velocities ( v L2 / v S2) on the Grüneisen parameter γ. The theoretical dependence of ( v L2 / v S2) on γ generally agrees with experimental data for both crystals and glassy solids. The quantity ( v L2 / v S2) turns out to be a single-valued function of the ratio of the tangential and normal stiffness of the interatomic bond.
Formation features of zink titanate by electric explosion dispersion of titanium and zinc wires in an oxygen-containing atmosphere
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Bakina O.V. , Svarovskaya N.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Pervikov A.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Chzhou V.R. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Vornakova E.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Lerner M.I. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

In present work, we have synthesized, for the first time, zinc titanate nanoparticles by electric explosion of titanium and zinc wires in an oxygen-containing atmosphere (argon - oxygen 20 vol. %). As-synthesized nanoparticles nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The particles have a spherical shape and an average particle size of 82 nm. The phase composition is presented by zinc titanate and a small amount of titanium oxide, which corresponds to the phase diagram of the TiO2-ZnO system. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was studied in the decomposition reaction of a model dye methylene blue and it was found that it was higher than that of titanium oxide nanoparticles obtained by electric explosion of a titanium wire in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. In addition, the synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated high antibacterial activity against MRSA bacteria.
Influence of shape of impactormade from high-strength steel on its fracture at high deformation rates
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Radchenko P.A. , Batuev S.P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Radchenko A.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

The fracture of high-strength impactor in interaction with a steel barrier is investigated. Three typesof head parts of the impactor are considered: flat, hemispherical and ogival. Normal and oblique interactions with velocities of 700 and 1000 m/s are investigated. Modeling is carried out by the finite element method in a three-dimensional formulation using the author's software EFES 2.0.The limit value of intensity of plastic deformations is used as a fracture criterion. The influence of the striker head part shape, interaction velocity, interaction angle on the fracture of the impactor and the barrier has been investigated. Conditions under which the striker ricochets were defined.
Reflection of elastic waves at the boundary with the specified stresses
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Chertova N.B. , Grinyaev Yu.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

The problem of elastic waves reflection at the boundary at given constant stresses is considered. Provided that the reflection laws are fulfilled, analytical expressions are obtained for the reflection coefficients of longitudinal and transverse waves, which allow us to determine the deformations amplitudes at the boundary. The dependences of the reflections coefficients and strain components at the boundary on the angle of incidence of the wave are calculated at nonzero values of normal and tangential stresses at the boundary and the specified wave parameters. The obtained results are analyzed and compared with the known results for the free surface.
Structural, morphological and adhesive properties of calcium phosphate coatings formed on magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation method in electrolyte containing dispersed particles
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Sedelnikova M.B. , Ugodchikova A.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Uvarkin P.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Chebodaeva V.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Tolkacheva T.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Schmidt J. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Sharkeev Yu.P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

The regularities of the calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings formation by the method of micro-arc oxidation (MAO), in the anodic potentiostatic mode, on the Mg0.8Ca alloy have been studied. The coatings deposition was carried out in the electrolyte containing dispersed β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) particles. The porous ceramic-like layer was formed in the range of the process voltage of 350-500 V as a result of plasma-chemical reactions during the interaction of electrolyte components with the magnesium substrate. In this case, the β-TCP particles were deposited on the coatings surface from the electrolyte. The effect of the structural and morphological properties of the coatings formed at different voltages on their adhesion properties has been revealed. The coating synthesized at the voltage of 500 V demonstrated the highest adhesion strength at the critical breaking load of 19 N. This coating had the thickness of 80 μm, the roughness of 8 μm, the surface porosity of 23% and the average pore size of 5.9 μm. Destruction of this coating finished at the interface between the coating and the intermediate oxide layer located on the border of the coating and the magnesium substrate.
Heat treatememt effect on microstructure and mechanical properties of precipitation hardening elinvar alloy
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Shlyakhova G.V. , Bochkareva A.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Nadezhkin M.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

This study presents experimental results of structural analysis, such as phase composition, grains size assessment, strength and hardness of Ni-SPAN-C alloy 902 after various heat treatment modes (hardening and aging for stress relaxation). A thermal treatment mode has been selected to obtain higher physical and mechanical properties of the elinvar alloy. It is shown that the improvement of the alloy structure in thermal treatment occurs due to the thermic stresses, as well as the formation and dissolution of intermetallides.
Hydrogen isotope separation through bi-layer membranes
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Poteryaeva V.A. , Bubenchikov M.A. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2021

The quantum sieving mechanism through the bilayer membranes calculated on hydrogen isotopes is described. The technology for determining the potential energy of interaction of a monoatomic membrane is presented. The permeability of membranes obtained via the matrix method of solving the differential Schrödinger equation. It consists of using the linking technology at the boundaries of the calculated interval. The permeability of a bilayer graphidine membrane for hydrogen isotopes H2, D2, T2, HD is considered. The resonant regimes of the components passage are found and the conditions favorable for the separation of individual components from the mixture are determined. As a result, it has been shown that composite membranes are an effective way for isotope separation in the gas state at cryogenic temperatures.
Nickel titanium fatigue properties improvement using a low-energy high-current electron beam
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Meisner S.N. , Meisner L.L. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Neiman A.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Panin S.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Vlasov I.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

It is shown that it is possible to an almost double increase nickel titanium fatigue characteristics using a low-energy high-current electron beam surface treatment of microsecond duration with the following parameters - energy density E s = 1.5 and 3.7 J/cm2, the number of pulses n = 5. Due to surface cleaning from particles/inclusions of Ti2Ni, TiC(O) and the presence of residual compressive stresses in the rapidly quenched surface layer of TiNi oriented perpendicular to the irradiation surface.
Effect of radiation exposure on the structure and diffusion in the near-surface layer of ultrafine-grained nickel
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Grabovetskaya G.P. , Mishin I.P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Stepanova E.N. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Teresov A.D. ,   Institute of High-Current Electronics of SB RAS
Published: December 2021

The effect of irradiation with a pulsed electron beam (PEB) in the mode of surface melting absence on the copper diffusion in the near-surface layer of ultrafine-grained (UFG) nickel has been studied. The profiles of the copper concentration distribution over depth after isothermal diffusion annealing and annealing under PEB irradiation of the UFG nickel surface are determined. It has been established that as a result of PEB irradiation, the coefficient of grain-boundary diffusion of copper in nickel increases and the mode of grain-boundary heterodiffusion changes in the near-surface layer of nickel in comparison with isothermal diffusion annealing.
Piezoelectric relaxation of a two-dimensional electron gas in heterostructures with InGaN/GaN quantum wells
Authors:   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Burmistrov E.R. , Avakyants L.P. ,   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Afanasova M.M. ,   Ryazan State University named for S.A. Esenin
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the mechanism of piezoelectric scattering of charge carriers in an InGaN/AlGaN/ GaN heterostructures with one filled quantum-confinement subband. The aim of the article is to create a mathematical model that can be used to estimate the kinetic parameters of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the structure under study. The results of the calculation of the matrix scattering potentials demonstrated the reliability and consistency on the used model of industrial LED heterostructures with InGaN/GaN quantum wells. It is shown that mechanical stresses in the InGaN/GaN layers lead to an uneven distribution of the total electric field along the active layer. It has been established that the lifetime limiting the mobility of a two-dimensional electron gas in piezoelectric scattering is of the order of 10-9 s.
A comprehensively improved particle swarm optimization algotithm to guarantee particle activity
Authors:   School of Business Administration, Hubei University of Economics, Bi Ya ,   College of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Lam Anthony ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, KU Leuven, Quan Huiqun ,   School of Business Administration, Hubei University of Economics, Liu Hui ,   School of Business Administration, Hubei University of Economics, Wang Cunfa ,   School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology; Fujian Zhuozhi Project Investment Consulting Co., LTD
Published: December 2021

The particle swarm optimization algorithm has the disadvantages, for instance, the convergence viscosity of the algorithm is reduced at the post evolution phase, the optimization search efficiency is reduced, the algorithm is easy to be inserted with local extremum during the calculation of complex problem of high-dimensional multiple extremum, and the convergence thereof is low. As to the disadvantage of the PSO, we proposed a particle swarm optimization of comprehensive improvement strategy, which is a simple particle swarm optimization with dynamic adaptive hybridization of extremum disturbance and cross (ecds-PSO algorithm). This new comprehensive improved particle swarm algorithm discards the particle velocity and reduces the PSO from the second order to the first order difference equation. The evolutionary process is only controlled by the variables of the particles position. The hybridization operation of increasing the extremum disturbance and introducing genetic algorithm can accelerate the particles to overstep the local extremum. The mathematical derivation and a plurality of comparative experiment provide us the following information: the improved particle swarm optimization is a simple and effective optimization algorithm which can improve the algorithm accuracy, convergence viscosity and ability of avoiding the local extremum, and effectively reduce the calculation complexity.
Conservation units seen as drivers of sustainable development in Brazil and their correlations with the 2030 Agenda
Authors: Medeiros Débora de Macêdo , Carvalho Rodrigo Guimarães de
Published: December 2021

Thinking about sustainable development is increasingly necessary for the continuity of all species in the biosphere. Over time, natural resources become scarcer, enabling conflicts and wars to be generated. Thus, this study aims to show the relevance of conservation units as territories that are necessary and supported by Law 9,985/2000 for the promotion of a sustainable culture in the country. But also, the aim was to prove the relationship of conservation units with the Sustainable Development Goals, proposed by the United Nations in 2015. For this study, the bibliographic and documentary research technique was used. At the end of the analysis, we can observe that the existence of conservation units and knowledge about them stimulates economic development linked to environmental care, facilitating the maintenance of social homeostasis and ecosystems. In addition to being directly linked to the SDGs and the concern for current and future generations.
TOPLUMSAL VE KÜLTÜREL BİR İÇECEK: “TÜRK KAHVESİ”
Authors: KARHAN Jale
Published: December 2021

Anavatanı Afrika olan kahve Avrupa’ya Türkler tarafından tanıtılmıştır. Türk kültürünün en önemli içeceği olarak tarihi, siyasi, sosyal ve kültürel bir geçmişe sahip olan “Türk kahve”si hazırlanışı, araç ve gereçleri, sunumu ve ritüelleriyle birlikte soyut ve somut bütün kültürel unsurlarıyla beraber atasözlerine, deyimlere, halk bilmecelerine, türkülere, resimlere ve şiirlere konu olmuştur. Türk kahvesi ülkemizde sosyal bir içecek olarak önemli bir toplumsallaşma ve kültürel iletişim araçlarındandır. Özel günler, dini bayramlar, komşu ziyaretleri, dost ve arkadaş çevrelerinde bir bardak su ile ikram edilen Türk kahvesi beraberinde birçok anlamı iletir. Türk kahvesi ülkemizde farklı etnik, dini, sosyal ve kültürel gruplar arasında üzerinde mutabakata varılmış bir gelenek ve kültür meydana getirmiştir. Türk kahvesi bir kültürel miras olarak sosyolojik açıdan ele alınması gereken önemli bir konudur. Bu nedenle çalışmada Türk kahvesi kültür ve geleneğinin geçmişten bugüne kadar geçirmiş olduğu toplumsal, tarihsel ve kültürel değişimini anlamak ve sorgulamak adına “tarihsel ve karşılaştırmalı yöntem” kullanılarak sosyolojik bir bakış açısıyla konu ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda Türk kahvesi kültür ve geleneği tarihsel, kültürel ve toplumsal bağlamı içinde multidisipliner, çok boyutlu ve eklektik bir şekilde ele alınmış; ayrıca gelecekte bu konu hakkında yapılacak olan çalışmalara da katkı sağlaması umulmuştur. Çalışmanın sonucunda ise sosyolojik, sanatsal, siyasal, ekonomik, tarihi ve kültürel bir değere sahip ve belli bir zamana, coğrafyaya ve tarihe bağlı olarak yakın bir geçmiş zamanda “icat edilmiş” olmayan 500 yıllık bir kültür ve geleneğe sahip olan Türk kahvesi kültürü ve geleneğinin kolay kolay ortadan kalkmayacağı görülmüştür.
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Authors: not provided health
Published: December 2021

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Diagnostics of the drive shaft bearing based on vibrations in the high-frequency range as a part of the vehicle's self-diagnostic system
Authors: Nowakowski Tomasz , Komorski Pawel
Published: December 2021

Currently, one of the trends in the automotive industry is to make vehicles as autonomous as possible. In particular, this concerns the implementation of complex and innovative selfdiagnostic systems for cars. This paper proposes a new diagnostic algorithm that evaluates
the performance of the drive shaft bearings of a road vehicle during use. The diagnostic parameter was selected based on vibration measurements and machine learning analysis results. The analyses included the use of more than a dozen time domain features of vibration signal in different frequency ranges. Upper limit values and down limit values of the diagnostic parameter were determined, based on which the vehicle user will receive information about impending wear and total bearing damage. Additionally, statistical verification of the developed model and validation of the results were performed.
LATE SOWING AND NITROGEN APPLICATION TO OPTIMIZE CANOPY STRUCTURE AND GRAIN YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT IN A FLUCTUATING CLIMATE
Authors: ZHENG Jia Cheng , HONG Zhang , JİE Yu , TİNG Liu , WEN YANG Li , FENG Xu , GUAN JUN Wang , QİU WEN Zhan , JİN CAİ Li
Published: December 2021

Adjustment of sowing date and nitrogen (N) use help alleviate farmland contradiction under fluctuating climate in Jianghuai region of China. In this study, two wheat varieties were used to study the interactive effect between two sowing dates and two basal to topdressing ratios of N fertilizer, each treatment of eight combinations arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in two consecutive growth seasons of bread wheat. As results of two years of investigation, wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield. An increase in the proportion of topdressed N led to an increase in flag leaf angle and leaf area index, and a lower spike number per unit and thousand kernel weight, to indicate a loss of grain yield. These findings suggest that excessively delayed sowing date and high N topdressing ratios severely affected the canopy structure and thousand kernel weight of bread wheat, and subsequently reduced grain yield. Based on membership function analysis, a sowing date of 25 October coupled with the N topdressing ratio of 7:3 (the basal to topdressing ratios of N fertilizer) was the ideal combination to optimize the wheat industry in Jianghuai region of China.