bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy sistem: estimasi harga nikel dunia
Authors: Aprisal Aprisal , Abadi Agus Maman
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi atau memprediksi harga nikel menggunakan sistem fuzzy metode Mamdani dan mendeskripsikan tingkat keakuratan sistem yang dibentuk. Data yang digunakan data harga nikel dunia 4 tahun terakhir yaitu data mulai Januari 2014 sampai Desember 2017. Sistem Fuzzy Mamdani diawali dengan pembagian data menjadi training data (TR) dan checking data (CK). TR digunakan sebagai data pembuat sistem, sedangkan CK adalah data yang akan diuji menggunakan sistem yang telah dibentuk pada TR. Selanjutnya TR dan CK dipasangkan menjadi pasangan input-output data sesuai banyaknya input yang diinginkan. Variabel input pada penelitian ini adalah data harga nike pada bulan-bulan sebelumnya yang didefinisikan sebagai  dan . Variabel output pada penelitian ini adalah data harga nikel yang didefinisikan . Selanjutnya berturut-turut proses yang dilakukan untuk memprediksi harga nikel dan menentukan tingkat keakuratan sistem yang dibangun yaitu melakukan fuzzifikasi, membentuk rule, melakukan inferensi, defuzzifikasi, dan menetapkan nilai MAPE untuk menentukan system error yang dibangun. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dibangun sudah cukup baik untuk memprediksi harga nikel dengan error sebesar 7% .
El patrimonio industrial en la Bahía de Cádiz: un itinerario cultural
Authors: Santofimia Albiñana Marta
Published: June 2019

Resumen no disponible
1812: un paisaje histórico animado
Authors: Gómez García Belén
Published: June 2019

Resumen no disponible
The Effect of the Scanning Number on Accuracy of Digital Impression
Authors: Yang Zhi-Qiang , Deng Feng , Hu Xiao-Lei , Wen Yu-Xuan , Ji Ping , Wu Xiao-Mian
Published: June 2019

Background: Intraoral digital scanning could offer a win-win clinical pathway for both doctor and patient, but many factors can affect its accuracy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of the scanning number on the precision of digital impression in different gypsum models.
Materials and methods: 30 standard gypsum models were divided into group A, B, C, D and E. Each group was scanned with 400 and 1000 pictures by Trios. Then Using the three-dimensional preview function to compare the fitted images and to measure the distance between markers: the buccal-lingual thickness of maxillary central incisors, the length from the medial to the distal of buccal cusps of maxillary second molars, the crown width of mandibular central incisors, the buccal-lingual thickness of maxillary central incisors requiring a veneer, and the buccal-lingual width of the inlay of the mandibular first molar.
Results: The scanning time of 1000 scanning number groups were significantly prolonged and the efficiency of 3D reconstruction was significantly reduced. But obvious image stitching distortion could be observed in these groups compared with 400 scanning number groups. Whats more, the compare of measured values in each 400 and 1000 scanning number group was all statistically significant.
Conclusion: The data splicing caused by the excessive scanning number may influence the digital impression accuracy. Trios scans 400 pictures was with higher scanning accuracy than scanning 1000 pictures.
Estimation of efficiency of recurrent selection on the field artificial infectious background in creating of red clover breeding material resistant to root rots
Authors: Арзамасова Екатерина , Arzamasova Ekaterina , Грипась Мария , Griping Maria , Попова Евгения , Popova Evgenia Valerievna
Published: June 2019

The results are reflected of research work on the evaluation of previously created hybrid material of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), which passed a selection study on a field artificial Fusarium background in compare with initial forms without selection and standard variety Dymkovsky. For improving objectivity of the assessment, a field infection background was created based on a mixture of local strains of Fusarium spp. (F. oxysporum + F. avenaceum + F. heterosporum). The efficiency of formation of a disease-resistant breeding material by the method of recurrent biotypic selection was analyzed on the most significant economic and biological characteristics: winter hardiness; plant height; dry mass and seed productivity; disease resistance. Information on agrometeorological conditions in the years of research was provided. According to the results of the study, a high winter hardiness of breeding populations was found in various conditions of the autumn-winter periods. The tendency was noted of increasing in forage and seed productivity in hybrids that have been selected on an infectious background in comparison with the initial forms; their lower susceptibility to root rot in the second year of life was established. For further breeding work, three prospective root rot-resistant populations have been selected: GPF-64-2 — with significantly higher dry matter yield relative to standard Dymkovsky by year of use; GPF-60-2 — with seed yield at the level of the standard and the excess of initial form by 87.5%; GPF-63-2 — with the least degree of damage to the root system in comparison with initial form and standard.
New fungicide for narrow-leafed lupin protection
Authors: ПИМОХОВА Людмила , PIMOKHOVA Lyudmila , ЦАРАПНЕВА Жанна , TSARAPNEVA Zhanna
Published: June 2019

Diseases are one of the main factors decreasing narrow-leafed lupin productivity. Anthracnose is the most harmful among the lupin diseases set. Complex fungicides with high protect and curative action against this disease and without negative action for protected crop plant should be used. High effectiveness of the fungicide Bamper Super (prochloraze, 400 g/l + propiconazole, 90 g/l) against anthracnose pathogen at the dose 1.5 l/ha has been revealed under laboratory conditions. During tests years effectiveness of this dose against this disease was 91% under the field conditions. The tested fungicide has high protection ability against Fusarium, botrytis gray mould and sclerotinia. It was specified that double narrow-leafed lupin crops treatment by the fungicide Bamper Super decreases diseases spreading and harmfulness under favorable for disease development conditions and prevents significant losses of seed yield. Because of use of this fungicide saved seed yield of narrow-leafed lupin made 0.8 t/ha during the tests years (2016–2018). In this case, the cost recovery was 2.1 rubles per each invested ruble.
Relational aesthetics: A duoethnographic research on feminism
Authors: Del Negro Gaia , Formenti Laura , Luraschi Silvia
Published: June 2019

This paper offers a frame to reflect on the role of aesthetics in the development of a critical pedagogy for social justice in adult education. Arts-based research and practice have the power to illuminate the participants’ views, ideas, and feelings, as well as the systems of values that are embedded in their contexts. Critical thinking and awareness are the result of relational and political processes, triggered by experience and going beyond subjectivity. The authors aim at defining a pedagogical practical theory that celebrates complexity, opens possibilities, develops the new, and triggers deliberate action, rather than fostering specific behaviours or learning. The paper itself is a piece of that pedagogy, developed through a cooperative method of writing-as-inquiry (duoethnography), here triggered by a photographic exhibition and resulting in the dialogic exploration of feminism in the authors’ lives. In this example, it is shown how individual voices can be juxtaposed to develop an open, transforming theory of feminism, identity, and education.
STAPLING INTERINTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS IN COLORECTAL CANCER: SHORT-TERM RESULTS
Authors: Kit O. I. , Gevorkyan Yu. A. , Soldatkina N. V. , Kolesnikov E. N. , Kharagezov D. A. , Kolesnikov V. E. , Kozhushko M. A.
Published: June 2019

AIM to assess results of stapling anastomosis in colorectal surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS. The results of surgical treatment of 427 patients with rectal cancer and 458 patients with colon cancer (T1-4N0-2M0-1) were analyzed. A circular stapler was used to perform end-to-end (347patients) and side-to-end (80 patients) anastomosis. 164 patients underwent stapling colonic anastomosis. RESULTS. Anastomotic leak rate after stapled colorectal anastomosis was 8,7% (n=37) and was lower after side-to-end anastomosis 3,8% (n=3). Anastomotic leakage developed in only 2 (1,2%) patients after colon anastomosis. CONCLUSION. Proper use of stapling devices and proper surgical technique allow to create reliable anastomosis which safety is comparable the manual one.
TWO-LEVEL PLASTIC OF THE PELVIC BOTTOM IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF RECTOCELE
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Prazdnikov J. N. , Dulierov K. A. , Stagniev D. V. , Alibekov A. Z. , Prokudin S. V. , Veliev K. S. , Kovalev S. A.
Published: June 2019

AIM. Improvement of treatment results in patients with the rectocele using of a two-level plastic of a pelvic bottom. METHODS. The plastic to a rectocele was carried out from the combined transvaginal and transrectal approach and consisted in sacrospinal-cardinal ligament, the colporrhaphy added transrectal «11 hours» with a mucopexy on height to 5 cm from the dental line. RESULTS. The remote results of treatment were tracked in terms from 12 months till 5 years after operation (a median of 3,5 years). In the studied group the «good» result was noted at 37 (75,5 %) patients, «satisfactory» and «unsatisfactory» - at 11 (22,4%) and 1 (2,0%) patients, respectively. Recurrence of a disease was taped at only 1 patient (2 %). CONCLUSION. The two-level pelvic plastic with the combined vaginal and transrectal access is associated with short operating time of 50 min., intraoperative blood loss about 150 ml and low perioperative morbidity.
THE ROLE OF ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS IN PREVENTION OF INTESTINAL STOMAS CLOSURE
Authors: Shelygin Y. A. , Achkasov S. I. , Piliev D. V. , Sushkov O. I.
Published: June 2019

AIM. To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in closure of preventive intestinal stomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In a main (I-first) group included 99 patients who did not undergo antibiotic prophylaxis (ABP). In the control (II-second) group were 96 patients who underwent ABP by a single intravenous injection of 1,2 g of amoxycillin / clavulanic acid in 30 minutes before the operation. RESULTS. The overall incidence of complications in the main and control groups was 23 (23,3 %) and 27 (27,9 %), respectively (p=0,53). Among them, the surgical site infection (SSI) was the first place in the frequency of complications: in group I in 12 (12,2 %) in group II in 11 (11,4 %) patients (p=0,35 ). Postoperative diarrhea with frequency of stools 5 or more times per day in second place infrequency, but has evolved into two less in the main than in the control group - in 4 (4,0 %), and 8 (8.3 %) patients, respectively (p=0,212). Febrile fever was detected more frequently in the first group than in the second - 6 (6,1 %) and 1 (1,0 %) cases, respectively (p=0,06). Other complications were the paresis of gastrointestinal tract (p=0,76), bleeding from the formed anastomosis area (p=0,149), pneumothorax (p=0,324), cystitis (p=0,309) and lobar pneumonia (p=0,309). There were no statistically significant complications associated with one of two groups. CONCLUSION. The results of the study not prove the effectiveness of the ABP in patients undergoing closure preventive intestinal stoma. This does not allow us to recommend its routine use. The question of prophylactic antibiotics should be taken individually, considering all the possible risks.
DISORDERS OF A MICROBIOCENOSIS OF INTESTINES AT PATIENTS WITH A COLORECTAL CANCER AND WAYS OF THEIR CORRECTION (review)
Authors: Zakharenko A. A. , Suvorov A. N. , Shlyk I. V. , Ten O. A. , Dzhamilov S. R. , Natkha A. S. , Trushin A. A. , Belyaev M. A.
Published: June 2019

Patients with colorectal cancer in the perioperative period, revealed pronounced changes of microbiocenosis of colon, which is characterized by changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of microflora. It showed a significant inhibition of anaerobic microbial component mainly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. As a result, saprophytic microbes multiply with highly resistant to drugs, acquire pathogenic properties. The most prominent representative of such microorganisms is a pathogenic strain of Clostridium difficile, often provokes the development of pseudomembranous colitis. Depending on the degree of dysbiosis held various schemes of conservative therapy, and in severe dysbiotic changes, including pronounced diarrhea associated Clostridium dificile -fecal transplantation.
CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE DISEASE OF THE INTESTINE AND COLON (review)
Authors: Likutov A. A.
Published: June 2019

Colon capsule endoscopy is a minimally invasive method for diagnosis of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This study can be used as a screening method for detecting colon cancer, and in patients who either refused a colonoscopy, or it is contraindicatedfor one reason or another. The diagnostic efficiency of the method by using the second-generation colon capsule significantly increased.
COMBINATION THERAPY OF MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS AND INFLIXIMAB IN UNCOMPLICATED (LUMINAL) CROHN DISEASE
Authors: Knyazev O. V. , Konoplyannikov A. G. , Kagramanova A. V. , Khomeriki S. G. , Fadeeva N. A. , Karpeeva A. A. , Orlova N. V. , Pavlov M. V. , Noskova K. K. , Kirova M. V. , Parfenov A. I.
Published: June 2019

AIMS. To investigate the efficacy of combination therapy using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and Infliximab (IFX) to achieve «deep remission» in patients with luminal Crohn disease (CD). METHODS. Our study included 72 patients (19-62 y old) (Ме=29) with luminal CD. Patients ini group (n=21) received standard 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and glucocorticosteroids (GCS) therapy in combination with MSC. Patients in 2 group (n=32) were prescribed anti-cytokine therapy IFX. Patients in 3 group (n=19) received MSC and IFX. RESULTS. Clinical, immunobiological and hystological results (C-reactive protein-CRP, fecal calprotectin-FCP, Gebs scale) showed more significant decrease of local and systemic inflammation activity in 3 group of patients. During 3-year follow-up we observed the longer duration of remission in patients, received MSC and IFX compared to 1 group of patients (р=0,04) and 2 group of patients (р=0,038). CONCLUSIONS. Combination therapy of bone marrow-derived MSC and IFL provides «deep remission» in patients with luminal CD and has higher prognostic value in duration of CD remission period.
TRANSANAL DOPPLER-CONTROLLED DEARTERIALIZATION WITH MUCOPEXY FOR A MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT OF HAEMORRHOIDAL DISEASE
Authors: Zagryadskiy E. A.
Published: June 2019

Transanal Doppler-controlled, deartetialization with mucopexy - a new direction in minimally invasive treatment Haemorrhoidal disease grade II and IV. The number of patients showing relief of Haemorrhoidal symptoms at 52-month follow-up was high. Bleeding was resolved in 92.9% of the patients. The recurrence of prolapse at 52 months was low, with no re-prolapse being recorded in 89,6% of the patients. Doppler-guided Haemorrhoidal artery ligation with transanal rectal mucopexy, not only has several perioperative advantages - minimally invasive surgery, low major complications - but also offers prolonged relief for all hemorrhoidal symptoms. Technology is an effective form of treatment for hemorrhoidal disease.
PRIMARY COLONO-GASTRIC FISTULA (clinical case)
Authors: Skrzydlevskiy S. N. , Veselov V. V. , Arkhipova O. V. , Aleshin D. V. , Maynovskaya O. A. , Polyakova N. A.
Published: June 2019

INTRODUCTION. The gastro-colonic fistula: a common definition of a pathological communication between the stomach and colon. This pathology is a rare complication. Fistula can be primary (spontaneous) or secondary (iatrogenic) and can be suspected by the presence of typical symptoms. Most often it allows by the barium enema. Computer tomography and endoscopy (colonoscopy, gastroscopy) in combination with biopsy also have a certain diagnostic value. Clinical case: We present a case report of gastro-colonic fistula in a 64-year-old men patient with colon adenocarcinoma. Symptoms and clinical examination did not reveal typical signs of this complication. Colonoscopy revealed abnormal communication between the colon and stomach. It was confirmed by gastroscopy and computed tomography. Biopsy verified colon adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent radical surgery. Morphological study confirmed colon adenocarcinoma with fistula formation into the stomach. CONCLUSION. Morphological confirmation of the neoplasm grows from the originating organ (colon) to the other (stomach) with the formation of the pathologicalfistulous tract allows the diagnosis of primary colono-gastric fistula. This definition makes clear the mechanism of the fistula's formation and indicates the localization of the primary tumor.
ACTUAL QUESTIONS OF PREPARATION TO VIDEOCAPSULE ENDOSCOPY
Authors: Galyaev A. V. , Likutov A. A. , Arkhipova O. V. , Mtvralashvili D. A. , Veselov V. V.
Published: June 2019

AIM to show on the results of our study the influence of the quality of preparationfor videocapsule endoscopy (VCE) on the accuracy of diagnosis of diseases of the small and large intestine. MATERIALS AND METHOD. During the period from September 2014 to December 2016, a videocapsule study was performed on 100 patients of treatment at the State Scientific Center of Coloproctology. Final data processing was carried out based on the results of a survey of 96 patients (52 men and 44 women aged 18 to 78 years). To adequately prepare patients for the study, we used a specific scheme with the use of a «splitdose» of intestinal cleansers based on polyethylene glycol and stimulation solutions. The quality of preparation of the small and / or large intestine for the study was assessed according to the scale of Leighton J.A., Rex D.K. RESULTS. The completeness of the study and the full examination (the ability to visualize all the sections of the small and / or large intestine) are important criteria for conducting the VCE. In our study, a complete study of the small and large intestine was performed in 87 (91 %)patients, and a full study was performed in 86 (90 %) of 96 patients. In the study of the small and large intestine using small intestine or large intestinal videocapsules, in 87 (91 %) patients the intestinal preparation was rated «good» or «excellent». CONCLUSION. The experience of our study showed that in order to obtain reliable and informative results, careful follow-up of the methodology of preparation for the study should be done.
HYPERPLASIA OF INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER. CASE REPORT
Authors: Achkasov S. I. , Titov A. Y. , Shakhmatov D. G. , Saifutdinova K. R. , Mainovskaya O. A. , Zarodnuk I. V. , Fomenko O. U.
Published: June 2019

It is possible to find some reports on isolated thickening of the internal anal sphincter and the causes of its development in the literature. However, no clear diagnostic program and surgical correction description has been detected for this condition. This clinical observation demonstrates a rare case of the hyperplasia of the internal sphincter syndrome with the obliteration of the anal canal, and also successful rehabilitation of the patient during the multi-stage surgical treatment.
SURGERY OF SLOW-TRANSIT CONSTIPATION AT THE FORK
Authors: Achkasov S. I. , Aleshin D. V.
Published: June 2019

The article is focused on surgical treatment of slow-transit constipation from point of accordance of treatment goal and surgery goal and consequences of surgery.
DIAGNOSTIC TACTICS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DIVERTICULAR DISEASE COMPLICATED BY A PERFORATED DIVERTICULITIS IN 15 YEARS
Authors: Timerbulatov M. V. , Kulyapin A. V. , Lopatin D. V. , Aitova L. R.
Published: June 2019

Early diagnostics, treatment and types of surgery of perforated diverticulitis were studied. Archive data of patients with this complication treated in proctology department of City Clinical Hospital №21 (Ufa city, Russia) between 2000 and 2016 were analyzed.
REINFORCEMENT OF STAPLE LINE OF COLORECTAL ANASTOMOSIS AS A METHOD OF LEAKEAGE PREVENTION
Authors: Balkarov A. A. , Rybakov E. G. , Ponomarenko A. A. , Alekseev M. V. , Kashnikov V. N.
Published: June 2019

AIM: to decrease anastomotic leakage rate using transanal and transabdominal reinforcing sutures of staple line of colorectal anastomosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: a prospective randomized trial is started. The main group included patients which underwent anterior or low anterior resection of the rectum with reinforcing of the staple line of colorectal anastomosis using reinforcing sutures on 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 by conventional dial. The control group consisted of patients without reinforcing of the anastomosis line. RESULTS: from November 2017 to October 2018, 127 patients underwent anterior or low anterior resection of the rectum, 80 of them were included in the study,six were excluded from the study after surgery. Among these 74 patients 40 (54.0 %) were females, mean age was 63.0± 11.0 years. Forty patients consisted the main group, 34 - control. The anastomotic leakage rate in the main group was 7% (3/40), in the control - was 26 % (9/34) (p=0.06). The clinical anastomotic leakage rate in the main group was 3 % (1/40), in the control group - 21 % (7/34) (p=0.03). The anastomotic leakage rate in the main group, after anterior resection of the rectum was 13 % (2/15), in the control - 0 % (0/8) (p=0.8). After low anterior resection the anastomotic leakage rate in the main group was 4 % (1/25), in the control - 35 % (9/26) (p=0.016). Multivariate analysis of risk factors of anastomotic leakage significance associated with male gender (OR 6.88, CI 1,32-of 35.9, p=0,022), positive bubble test (OR 6.26, CI of 1.22-32,2, p=0.028), absence of reinforcing of the anastomosis (OR 4.39, CI 0,96-20,12, p=0,056). CONCLUSION: the reinforcing of colorectal anastomoses decreases anastomotic leakage rate after low anterior resection.
IS THERE A PLACE FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION ANOSCOPY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEMORRHOIDS?
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Alibekov A. Z. , Kovalev S. A. , Shatov I. A. , Aluhanyan O. A. , Voronova O. V. , Burdakov I. Y.
Published: June 2019

AIM: to evaluate the significance of high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) in diagnostics of inflammatory and thrombotic changes in hemorrhoid piles and to assess the efficacy of micronized purified favonoid fraction (MPFF) in patients with inflammatory thrombotic changes of hemorrhoids according to HRA results in the preoperative conservative treatment of hemorrhoids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: a prospective cohort study included 77 patients with grade III chronic hemorrhoids. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of development of inflammatory and thrombotic changes according to the HRA. The 3 group included patients with preoperative conservative treatment by MPFF. All patients underwent Milligan-Morgan procedure with further histological study of removed piles. RESULTS: it was found that the diagnostic sensitivity of the HRA in detection of inflammatory thrombotic changes was 91.3 % (CI=83.6-96.2 %), and diagnostic specificity - 40 % (CI=19-64 %). HRA diagnostic accuracy was 82.1 % (p=0.001). A 30 % decrease in the number of removed piles with moderate inflammatory thrombotic changes after MOFF therapy has also been revealed. CONCLUSION: HRA permits to determine the severity of thrombotic inflammatory changes, which is extremely importantfor the management of patients with acute hemorrhoids.
SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES OF LAPAROSCOPIC ELECTIVE COLONIC RESECTIONS FOR DIVERTICULAR DISEASE
Authors: Puchkov D. K. , Khubezov D. A. , Puchkov K. V. , Semionkin E. I. , Ogoreltsev A. Y. , Ignatov I. S. , Lukanin R. V. , Krotkov A. R.
Published: June 2019

AIM: to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic elective colon resections for diverticular disease.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: a retrospective non-randomized study included 38 patients with elective colon resection for diverticular disease. Twentysix underwent laparoscopic resections (main group), 12 – open resections (controls). The indications for surgery were: chronic diverticulitis, pericolic abdominal mass, external and internal colon fistulas and stricture of the colon. RESULTS: operation time was the same in the control group (167.1±73.3 vs 129.9±43.7 min,p=0.06). Thirty-three (86.8%) resections were performed with a colorectal anastomosis and 5 (13.2%) obstructive resections of the sigmoid colon. In the main group, the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) was divided at the origin in 4 (15.4%) cases, in the control group – in 6 (50%) (p=0.045). The anastomotic leakage in the main group was in 3 (11.5%) patients, in the control group – in 1 (8.3%)(p=1.0). The postoperative period was significantly shorter in the main group compared with the controls(9.3±2.8 vs 13.4±5.1 days, p=0.003). After laparoscopic procedures, narcotic analgesics were used in 3 (11.5%) cases, after conventional – in 8 (66.7%) (p=0.001).

CONCLUSION: laparoscopic approach is comparable to the conventional onein operative timeand postoperative morbidity. Laparoscopic approach is associated with a significantly less postoperative pain syndrome and a shorter postoperative period, more often allows to preserve the IMA as well.
CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC HEMORRHOIDS. RESULTS OF SURVEY OF RUSSIAN SURGEONS
Authors: Rodin A. V. , Danilenkov N. V. , Agafonov O. I. , Privolnev V. V.
Published: June 2019

AIM: to clarify surgeon’s preferences for the conservative treatment of chronic hemorrhoids.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: an anonymous survey included 102 surgeons with an experience in chronic hemorrhoids treatment. RESULTS: an analysis of survey revealed surgeon’s preferences for local and systemic drugs for the treatment of chronic hemorrhoids. The surgeons reported more than 30 different drugs for the local treatment of hemorrhoids. Most specialists consider it necessary to prescribe systemic phlebotonics. The drug «Detralex» was most often used.

CONCLUSION: a majority of surgeons use effective drugs for the treatment of chronic hemorrhoids. In any cases relative shortage of knowledge about discussed problem was revealed.
FILAC TECHNOLOGY FOR EXTRASPHINCTERIC FISTULAS
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Alibekov A. Z. , Kovalev S. A. , Orekhov A. A. , Kislov V. A. , Romodan N. A. , Golovina A. A.
Published: June 2019

AIM: to assess efficacy of FiLaC technology for extrasphincteric fistulas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: the retrospective cohort study included 56 patients with extrasphincteric fistulas of Grade III and IV. All patients underwent a modified FiLaC procedure, which consisted of excision of the fistula tract, preservation of the fistula tract inside anal canal with its laser exposure by water-absorbing Biolitec laser power of 13W and energy density of 100 J/cm. Internal fistula opening was closed with a Z-shaped absorbable suture.

RESULTS: after fistula tract excision up to the anal canal we failed to insert laser probe to the internal fistulous opening in 6 (10.7%) patients due to scars. Thirty-nine (78.0%) 50 patients, who underwent FiLaC procedure were under observation with median follow-up of 27 months. Twenty (51.3%) patients had fistulas of Grade III with the recurrence occurred in 7 (35.0%) patients. Among 19 (48.7%) patients with fistulas Grade IV the recurrence was detected in all cases.

CONCLUSION: FiLaC procedure is effective only for extrasphincteric fistulas Grade III.
ISCHEMIC COLITIS IN AN ADULT PATIENT WITH ATYPICAL HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME (case report)
Authors: Ozerova O. S. , Poltorykhina E. A. , Vardanyan A. V. , Maynovskaya O. A. , Veselov V. V. , Chernyshov S. V.
Published: June 2019

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare life-threatening condition caused by uncontrolled complement activation due to mutations in the alternative pathway of complement components. aHUS is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure and affecting multiple organ systems. Extra-renal manifestations of aHUS take place in 20% of patients including involvement of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, lungs, skin and gastrointestinal tract. This case report describes a severe course of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a 21-year-old female, developed ischemic colitis.
Effects of Enrichment Type, Presentation and Social Status on Enrichment Use and Behaviour of Sows with Electronic Sow Feeding
Authors: Roy Cyril , Lippens Lindsey , Kyeiwaa Victoria , Seddon Yolande M. , Connor Laurie M. , Brown Jennifer A.
Published: June 2019

The goal of this study was to identify practical enrichments for sows in partially or fully slatted pen systems. Four treatments were applied: (1) Constant: constant provision of wood on chain; (2) Rotate: rotation of rope, straw and wood enrichments; (3) Stimulus: rotation of enrichments (as in Rotate) with an associative stimulus (bell or whistle); and (4) Control: no enrichment, with each treatment lasting 12 days. Six groups of 20 ± 2 sows were studied from weeks 6 to 14 of gestation in pens with one electronic sow feeder. Each group received all treatments in random order. Six focal animals (3 dominant and 3 subordinate) were selected per pen using a feed competition test. Digital photos were collected at 10 min intervals for 8 h (between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m.) on 4 days/treatment (d 1, 8, 10 and 12) to record interactions with enrichment. Skin lesions were assessed on days 1 and 12, and saliva cortisol samples collected in weeks 6, 10 and 14 of gestation on focal pigs. Sows spent more time in contact with enrichments in Rotate and Stimulus treatments than Constant. Enrichment treatments did not influence lesion scores. Subordinate sows spent more time standing and near enrichments than dominants. Subordinate sows also received more skin lesions and had higher salivary cortisol concentrations than dominants. These results indicate that access to enrichment is valued by sows but can result in greater aggression directed towards subordinates.
Coping Styles in the Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus) and Implications for Cat Welfare
Authors: Stella Judith , Croney Candace
Published: June 2019

Identifying coping styles in cats may lead to improved health and welfare. The aims of this study were to (1) identify individual differences in response to acute confinement, and (2) to assess the predictability of guardian-rated personality traits on behavior. Adult cats (n = 55) were singly housed in enriched cages and behavioral observations were recorded for three days. On day 3, familiar and unfamiliar person approach tests were conducted. Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) were quantified from voided samples. A questionnaire assessing personality traits and sickness behaviors was completed by each guardian. Analysis identified two clusters—cats in Cluster 1 (n = 22) were described as shy, calm, mellow, and timid; cats in Cluster 2 (n = 33) were described as active, playful, curious, and easygoing. Multilevel mixed-effects GLM revealed significant differences between the clusters including food intake (C1 > C2, p < 0.0001), affiliative/maintenance behaviors (C2 > C1, p < 0.0001), vocalization (C2 > C1, p < 0.0001), hide (C1 > C2, p < 0.0001), perch (C2 > C1, p < 0.0001), and latency to approach a familiar (C1 > C2, p < 0.0001) and unfamiliar (C1 > C2, p = 0.013) person. No statistically significant differences in FGM concentrations were identified (cluster p = 0.28; day p = 0.16, interaction p = 0.26). Guardian-rated personality traits agreed with the response of the cats when confined to a cage, suggesting that domestic cats have different coping styles. Identifying individual differences in response to stressful events or environments may provide caretakers with important information leading to improved welfare.
Food Preferences in Cats: Effect of Dietary Composition and Intrinsic Variables on Diet Selection
Authors: Alegría-Morán Raúl A. , Guzmán-Pino Sergio A. , Egaña Juan I. , Sotomayor Valeria , Figueroa Jaime
Published: June 2019

A ten-year database of food preference tests (n = 1021; period 2007−2017) was used to explore the feeding behavior of domestic cats. Principal component (PC) analysis and linear regression between food nutrients and preferences (for the most preferred diet of each test; Diet A) were performed. Intake and preference for Diet A were analyzed by intrinsic cats’ variables and climate season. The PC1 (calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and ash), PC2 (lipids and ether extract) and PC4 (crude fiber; CF) had borderline significance (p < 0.06; β = −1.42, β = −1.56, and β = 2.68, respectively). Ash and CF contents presented negative correlations with food preference (rho = −0.269, p = 0.031; rho = −0.338, p = 0.006, respectively), and Ca had borderline significance and negative correlation with food preference (rho = −0.241, p = 0.054). Body weight and sex influenced the intake of Diet A, being lower for females (β = 11.758; p = 0.014) and heaviest cats (β = −5.490; p < 0.001). However, only body weight affected food preferences, where the heaviest cats had greater preferences for Diet A. Hot season decreased food intake (β = −2,117; p = 0.032), mostly in females (rho = −3.537; p = 0.002). Males had greater preferences for Diet A during hot seasons (β = 10.216; p = 0.023) and females presented similar preferences throughout the year (p = 0.950). Mineral contents, body weight and sex affected food intake and preferences of cats under the influence of climate season, probably explained by adaptive changes in food detection.
Arachidonic Acid Regulation of Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Target Gene Expression in Bovine Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Authors: Zhang Nina , Wang Liqiang , Luo Guoya , Tang Xiaorong , Ma Lizhu , Zheng Yuxin , Liu Shujie , A. Price Christopher , Jiang Zhongliang
Published: June 2019

In the present study, AA was used to challenge bovine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro and the related parameters of cellular and molecular biology were measured. The results indicated that lower doses of AA increased survival of bovine granulosa cells whereas higher doses of AA suppressed survival. While lower doses of AA induced accumulation of lipid droplet in granulosa cells, the higher dose of AA inhibited lipid accumulation, and AA increased abundance of FABP3, CD36 and SLC27A1 mRNA. Higher doses of AA decreased the secretion of E2 and increased the secretion of P4 accompanied by down-regulation of the mRNA abundance of CYP19A1, FSHR, HSD3B1 and STAR in granulosa cells. The signaling pathways employed by AA in the stimulation of genes expression included both ERK1/2 and Akt. Together, AA specifically affects physiological features, gene expression levels and steroid hormone secretion, and thus altering the functionality of granulosa cells of cattle.
Computation of Melting Dissipative Magnetohydrodynamic Nanofluid Bioconvection with Second-order Slip and Variable Thermophysical Properties
Authors: Amirsom Nur Ardiana , Uddin Md. Jashim , Md Basir Md Faisal , Kadir Ali , Bég O. Anwar , Md. Ismail Ahmad Izani
Published: June 2019

This paper studies the combined effects of viscous dissipation, first and second-order slip and variable transport properties on phase-change hydromagnetic bio-nanofluid convection flow from a stretching sheet. Nanoscale materials possess a much larger surface to volume ratio than bulk materials, significantly modifying their thermodynamic and thermal properties and substantially lowering the melting point. Gyrotactic non-magnetic micro-organisms are present in the nanofluid. The transport properties are assumed to be dependent on concentration and temperature. Via appropriate similarity variables, the governing equation with boundary conditions are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations and are solved using the BVP4C subroutine in the symbolic software MATLAB. The non-dimensional boundary value features a melting (phase change) parameter, temperature-dependent thermal conductive parameter, first as well as second-order slip parameters, mass diffusivity parameter, Schmidt number, microorganism diffusivity parameter, bioconvection Schmidt number, magnetic body force parameter, Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters. Extensive computations are visualized for the influence of these parameters. The present simulation is of relevance in the fabrication of bio-nanomaterials for bio-inspired fuel cells.
Innovative Exuberance: Fluctuations in the Painting Production in the 17th-Century Netherlands
Authors: Li Weixuan
Published: June 2019

The surprising and rapid flowering of Dutch art and the Dutch art market from the late 16th century to the mid-17th century have propelled scholars to quantify the volume of production and to determine the source of its growth. However, existing studies have not explored the use of known paintings to specify and visualize the fluctuations of painting production in the Dutch Republic. Employing data mining techniques to leverage the most comprehensive datasets of Netherlandish paintings (RKD), this paper visualizes and analyzes the trend of painting production in the Northern Netherlands throughout the 17th-century. The visualizations verify the existing observations on the market saturation and industry stagnation in 1630–1640. In spite of this market condition, the growth of painting production was sustained until the 1660s. This study argues that the irrational risk-taking behavior of painters and the over-enthusiasm for painting in the public created a “social bubble” and the subsequent contraction of the production was a market correction back to a stable state. However, these risk-taking attitudes during the bubble time spurred exuberant artistic innovations that highlight the Dutch contribution to the development of art.
Assessing the Wet Deposition Mechanism of Benzo(a)pyrene in the Atmosphere by MF-DCCA
Authors: Liu Chunqiong , Shi Kai , Liang Jian , Huang Hongliang
Published: June 2019

Based on the 19 year observation from 1998 to 2016 at the Tsuan Wan and Central/Western District monitoring stations in Hong Kong, the aim of this paper was to assess the wet deposition pathway of Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on a large time-scale. In order to achieve this goal, multi-fractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-DCCA) was used to characterize the long-term cross-correlations behaviors and multi-fractal temporal scaling properties between BaP (or PM2.5) and precipitation. The results showed that the relationships between BaP and precipitation (or PM2.5) displayed long-term cross-correlation at the time-scale ranging from one month to one year; no cross-correlation between each other was observed in longer temporal scaling regimes (greater than one year). These results correspond to the atmospheric circulation of the Asian monsoon system and are explained in detail. Similar dynamic processes of the wet deposition of BaP and PM2.5 suggested that the main removal process of atmospheric BaP was rainfall deposits of PM2.5-bound BaP. Furthermore, cross-correlations between BaP (or PM2.5) and precipitation at the long time-scale have a multi-fractal nature and long-term persistent power-law decaying behavior. The temporal evolutions of the multi-fractality were investigated by the approach of a sliding window. Based on the evolution curves of multi-fractal parameters, the wet deposition pathway of PM2.5-bound BaP is discussed. Finally, the contribution degree of wet deposition to PM2.5-bound BaP was derived from the coefficient of determination. It was demonstrated that about 45% and 60% of atmospheric BaP removal can be attributed to the wet deposition pathway of PM2.5-bound BaP for the Tsuan Wan and Central/Western District areas, respectively. The findings in this paper are of great significance for further study on the removal mechanism of atmospheric BaP in the future. The MF-DCCA method provides a novel approach to assessing the geochemical cycle dynamics of BaP.
Emissions Characteristics of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Incineration of Sacrificial Offerings
Authors: Zhang Shihao , Zhong Lianhong , Chen Xi , Liu Yanan , Zhai Xiaoman , Xue Yifeng , Wang Wei , Liu Jie , Xu Kangli
Published: June 2019

The incineration of sacrificial offerings generates numerous hazardous air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), CO, SO2, NOx and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), which has significant effects on the environment and human health. However, due to the concealment of sacrificial offerings incineration, the emission of such pollutants has not received sufficient attention. Relevant quantification of the emission, emission factors and pollution control measures for this pollution source are lacking. To address these problems, herein, we quantified the particulate matter and its chemical composition and the emission levels of gaseous pollutants, including SO2, NOx, NMHC and CO, by performing incineration experiments of four typical sacrificial offerings (Joss paper, Funeral wreath, Taoist paper art and Yuanbao paper), and obtained the emission factors and emission characteristics for the incineration of sacrificial offerings. Therefore, this study lays the foundation and provides support for establishing an emission inventory of the air pollutants from the incineration of sacrificial offerings and introducing corresponding pollution control measures. The results show that the emission concentrations of CO and total suspended particulate (TSP) from the incineration of sacrificial offerings greatly exceed the emission standard, with averages of 621.4 mg m−3 and 142.9 mg m−3 at 11% oxygen content, respectively. The average emission factors of SO2, NOx, NMHC, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 for the incineration of the four offerings are (0.47 ± 0.17) kg t−1, (2.46 ± 0.35) kg t−1, (5.78 ± 2.41) kg t−1, (32.40 ± 8.80) kg t−1, (4.23 ± 0.71) kg t−1 and (2.62 ± 0.48) kg t−1, respectively, among which the emission intensities of NMHC and CO are relatively high. Among the different types of sacrificial offerings, the overall average emission factor of air pollutants generated from the incineration of Yuanbao paper is the highest, which is mainly due to the low burning efficiency and the coating material. For the chemical composition of the particulate matters, ions, OC, EC and metal elements account for proportions of the PM2.5 at (23.55 ± 10.37) %, (29.74 ± 9.95) %, (14.83 ± 6.55) % and (13.45 ± 4.88) %, respectively, indicating that the organic pollution is severe
MODIS Cloud Detection Evaluation Using CALIOP over Polluted Eastern China
Authors: Tan Saichun , Zhang Xiao , Shi Guangyu
Published: June 2019

Haze pollution has frequently occurred in winter over Eastern China in recent years. Over Eastern China, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud detection data were compared with the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) for three years (2013–2016) for three kinds of underlying surface types (dark, bright, and water). We found that MODIS and CALIOP agree most of the time (82% on average), but discrepancies occurred at low CALIOP cloud optical thickness (COT < 0.4) and low MODIS cloud top height (CTH < 1.5 km). In spring and summer, the CALIOP cloud fraction was higher by more than 0.1 than MODIS due to MODIS’s incapability of observing clouds with a lower COT. The discrepancy increased significantly with a decrease in MODIS CTH and an increase in aerosol optical depth (AOD, about 2–4 times), and MODIS observed more clouds that were undetected by CALIOP over PM2.5 > 75 μg m−3 regions in autumn and particularly in winter, suggesting that polluted weather over Eastern China may contaminate MODIS cloud detections because MODIS will misclassify a heavy aerosol layer as cloudy under intense haze conditions. Besides aerosols, the high solar zenith angle (SZA) in winter also affects MODIS cloud detection, and the ratio of MODIS cloud pixel numbers to CALIOP cloud-free pixel numbers at a high SZA increased a great deal (about 4–21 times) relative to that at low SZA for the three surfaces. As a result of the effects of aerosol and SZA, MODIS cloud fraction was 0.08 higher than CALIOP, and MODIS CTH was more than 2 km lower than CALIOP CTH in winter. As for the cloud phases and types, the results showed that most of the discrepancies could be attributed to water clouds and low clouds (cumulus and stratocumulus), which is consistent with most of the discrepancies at low MODIS CTH.
A New Approach for Generating Human Biometeorological Information Based on Gridded High-Resolution Data (Basic Data of Test-Reference-Years)
Authors: Schlegel Irmela C. , Matzarakis Andreas
Published: June 2019

The assessment of human-biometeorological information requires appropriate preparation of data and suitable visualisation of results. Human-biometeorological information can be valuable for tourists and visitors, but also for citizens looking for information about their neighbourhood or a new residence. Cities or health resorts can also promote their climate conditions for health rehabilitation. To derive this human-biometeorological information in a unified, comprehensive, and comprehensible form, a tool was developed. The input information contains the coordinates of a place and/or area of interest, and the time period of data chosen by the user. For meteorological data, the basic dataset of Test-Reference-Years from the German Meteorological Service is used, containing hourly meteorological data for the time period from 1995 to 2012, covering Germany with a spatial resolution of 1 km². Based on the Perceived Temperature as a thermal index, days with heat stress and cold stimulus are identified. In this process, the effects of short-term human acclimatisation on the thermal environment are considered by using a variable threshold value based on the thermal conditions of the last 30 days. The results of the tool’s application consist of several frequency diagrams, the Climate-Tourism/Transfer-Information-Scheme, a diagram of heat waves, and maps of the area of interest, displaying the spatial distribution of heat stress and cold stimulus. As an example, the (bio-)meteorological conditions of the region of southern Baden around Freiburg and the Black Forest, including the health resort, Hinterzarten, are analysed.