bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased Minimum Alveolar Concentration-Awake of Sevoflurane in Women of Breast Surgery with Sleep Disorders
Authors: cao yuanyuan , zhang lei , peng xiaohui , wu yun , zhang qunlin , gu erwei , zhang ye
Published: November 2019

Background. Sleep disorders are commonly encountered in clinic. Evidences showed that sleep deprivation may modulate the effectiveness of general anesthetics in rats. However, this phenomenon has not been explored in humans. The study aimed to investigate whether the hypnotic potency of sevoflurane in patients with sleep disorders differ from patients with normal sleep habits.
Methods. We recruited 44 patients scheduled for elective breast surgery and eventually analyzed 38 patients, including 19 subjects with normal sleep habits and 19 subjects with sleep disorders. According to the Dixon ‘up-and-down’ design, patients received sevoflurane at preselected concentrations starting at 1.0 vol%. After a steady-state period, a verbal command for testing awakening was performed. Based on the negative or positive response to the verbal command, we decreased or increased the concentration of sevoflurane by 0.2 vol% in the next patient accordingly. Plasma orexin-A was also measured before observation.
Results. The MACawake of sevoflurane was 0.80% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.683–0.926%] in the sleep disordered group vs 0.60% [95% CI, 0.493–0.689%] in the control group. The relative median potency between groups was 0.750 (95% CI, 0.236–0.969). Patients with sleep disorders had significantly higher orexin-A levels than control (72.17 ± 18.24 vs. 36.16 ± 14.18 pg/mL). A significant, positive relationship was detected between orexin-A level and probability of awakening (OR = 1.081, 95% CI is 1.020–1.146, P = 0.008).
Conclusions. MACawake of sevoflurane is higher in mild-aged women of breast surgery with sleep disorders compared to those with normal sleep habits. The increased anesthetic requirement may be related to changes of orexin-A levels. These findings suggest that sleep may have a potential impact on clinical anesthesia, including changes of sensitivity to anesthetics or postoperative complications. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.Clinical Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800016022), date of registration 07 May 2018
Keywords: Sevoflurane; MACawake (minimum alveolar concentration of awake); orexin-A; sleep disorders
Heavy Metal Resistance by Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Guava (Psidium Guajava) and Mango (Mangifera Indica) Leaves
Authors: Riskuwa-Shehu Maryam Lami , Ismail Haruna Yahaya , Ijah Udem Joshua Josiah
Published: November 2019

Heavy metal resistant bacteria are widespread in nature and their application in decontamination of polluted ecosystems is promising. In this study, ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from Psidium guajava (Guava) and Mangifera indica (Mango) for heavy metal resistance was assessed. Leaves samples form the two plants were collected and processed according to the standard laboratory practices. Heavy metals were analyzed using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Endophytic bacteria were isolated and identified using morphological and biochemical characteristics; heavy metal resistance was determined by plate dilution method. Heavy metal analysis revealed that the leaves samples contained considerable quantities of Manganese (Mn), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) ranging from 1.21±1.6 mg/Kg (for Cd in Guava leaves) to 116.58±1.3 mg/Kg (for Mn in Mango leaves). A total of six bacterial species were isolated from both of the plants leaves (3 each). Guava endophytes were identified as Streptococcus sp, Staphylococcus albus and Staphylococcus seiuri whereas Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus xylulose and Staphylococcus intermedius were from Mango leaves. The identified isolates were tested for ability to resist heavy metals in-vitro and were capable of showing different patterns of resistance to MnCl2, PbCl2 and CdCl2.  All the endophytes were highly resistant to PbCl2 followed by MnCl2 but susceptible to CdCl2. The ability of plants and bacterial endophytes understudy to tolerate or resist heavy metals is a good indication of their phytoremediation potentials and thus, should be harnessed.
Prevalence of Intestinal Helminth Infections of Stray Dogs of Public Health Significance in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Abulude Olatunji Ayodeji
Published: November 2019

Globally, stray dogs have been a major source of zoonoses such as cutaneous larval migrans, visceral larval migrans and hydatidosis. These dogs are recognized as being a major public health problem where their population is unchecked. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminth parasites of stray dogs in Lagos metropolis. Stools of 96 stray dogs were examined microscopically for ova of these parasites using centrifugation flotation method. Four species of intestinal helminths were identified. The overall prevalence of helminths infection was 61.4%, with Ancylostoma caninum having a prevalence of 62.5%, Toxocara canis 20.8%, Dipylidium caninum 18.7% and Strongyloides stercoralis 2.0%. T. canis had the highest worm burden of 1,250 egg per gram (EPG) while S. stercoralis had the least (100 EPG). The areas with the most helminth infections were Yaba (n=12, X̄=1.58, SD=0.793), Agege (n=11, X̄=1.73, SD=0.786) and Ikotun (n=11, X̄=1.45, SD=0.820). S. stercoralis was only found in samples obtained from Mushin and Ikorodu. Most of the stool samples obtained from this study had mixed infections, 83.3% were infected with three helminth species, 8.3% were infected with four helminth species and none had double infection. Mushin had the most mixed infections (n=4, X̄=1.900, SD=1.101) while Obalende had the least (n=1, X̄=1.000, SD=0.000). Most of the intestinal helminth parasites identified in this study are zoonotic and thus pose a public health problem. Environmental factors seem to influence the health condition of these dogs, thus concerted efforts should be made to reduce the growing population of stray dogs on the street of Lagos
El estándar de prueba en el proceso penal peruano
Authors: Espinoza Ariza Jelmut
Published: November 2019

El estándar probatorio en el proceso penal es una herramienta legal que mide el grado de suficiencia de una prueba en un hecho considerado como delictuoso. En nuestro Código Proceso Penal no se ha regulado de manera expresa un estándar probatorio que permita medir la suficiencia de las pruebas. Tal falencia ha tenido que ser cubierta vía la jurisprudencia a través de la SentenciaPlenaria Casatoria N° 1-2017. De esta forma, esta sentencia fijó el estándar probatorio que se requiere para iniciar diligencias preliminares (sospecha simple), formalización de la investigación preparatoria (sospecha reveladora), acusación (sospecha suficiente), prisión preventiva (sospecha grave) y sentencia (certeza). El grado más alto es el de la sentencia, que en caso de ser condenatoria, se funda en un estándar de la prueba “más allá de toda duda razonable”, que en términosprácticos equivale a la certeza.
Control difuso administrativo y las dificultades interpretativas del Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Lay Lozano Jorge Antonio , Muñoz Ccuro Felipa Elvira
Published: November 2019

La actual investigación, titulada “Control difuso administrativo y las dificultades interpretativasdel Tribunal Constitucional”, tiene como objetivo analizar si el control difuso administrativoes o no una atribución constitucional que pueden ejercer los órganos administrativos colegiadoscon competencia nacional. Es una investigación descriptiva documental, basada en aspectosconceptuales y recogidas en algunas resoluciones administrativas en el ejercicio del control difuso.Durante su desarrollo se esbozarán las precisiones vinculadas a los distintos enfoques que seadopta en mérito a la doctrina jurisprudencial sobre la eficacia del ejercicio del control difusopor parte de los órganos administrativos con competencia nacional. A tal fin se recorrerá por losconceptos básicos de la competencia administrativa, el procedimiento administrativo, el procesocontencioso administrativo y sobre la existencia o inexistencia de una justicia administrativa.Asimismo, se abordará el control de constitucionalidad y legalidad y sus efectos en el tiempo enque estuvo vigente dicha atribución (control difuso) por parte de los órganos administrativos concompetencia nacional, y finalmente se desarrollará un análisis crítico sobre el cambio de posiciónque ha adoptado el Tribunal Constitucional respecto a estos aspectos en su condición de máximointérprete de la Constitución.
Lavado de activos mediante criptomonedas en el Perú: problemas y alternativas
Authors: Prado Saldarriaga Víctor Roberto
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo busca analizar la problemática que se crea ante la difusión y circulación de lascriptomonedas y su impacto en determinados países, por el suceso cibernético y financiero que conlleva a los riesgos de su empleo criminal, planteando las alternativas ante la relevancia jurídica para la regulación peruana en materia sobre prevención y represión penal del lavado de activos.
La resolución contractual
Authors: Vidal Ramírez Fernando
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo resume los medios mediante los cuales un contrato válidamente celebradopuede quedar sin efecto. La causa resolutoria es única y la genera el incumplimiento de una de laspartes, la inejecución de sus obligaciones, aunque el Código Civil ha establecido vías resolutoriasprevistas en los artículos 1428, 1429 y 1430.
Clima organizacional y gestión administrativa en la Red de Salud Condorcanqui, Amazonas – 2016
Authors: De Souza Canayo Bertha Zelmith
Published: November 2019

La importancia de este trabajo de investigación radica en el aporte al conocimiento científico, desde una perspectiva de análisis del clima organizacional en el que se desenvuelve el trabajador de salud en una institución que provee servicios de salud; es sabido que la calidad de las relacionese interacciones entre los agentes del proceso de salud tiene una repercusión directa en el trabajo que realiza toda la red (de salud).El enfoque fue cuantitativo. Su principal objetivo fue determinar la influencia del clima organizacional en la gestión administrativa de la Red de Salud Condorcanqui, Amazonas, 2016. El estudio fue no experimental y su diseño correlacional transeccional causal. Para la investigación seseleccionó como muestra a 50 servidores públicos de la Red de Salud Condorcanqui, Amazonas; se usaron dos cuestionarios confiables y validados para la recolección de información de campo;los datos obtenidos han sido procesados a través del software de estadística para ciencias sociales SPSS V23. Los resultados encontrados se muestran en tablas estadísticas y en forma teórica.El resultado que se obtuvo del Clima Organizacional y Gestión Administrativa en la Red de Salud Condorcanqui, Amazonas – 2016; usando el Coeficiente de contingencia del estadístico de prueba Tau-b de Kendall es 0.29, con nivel de significancia menor al 1% de significancia estándar (P < 0.01); se comprueba, entonces, la hipótesis que señala que el clima organizacional influye significativamente en la gestión administrativa de la Red de Salud Condorcanqui, Amazonas-2016.La variable Clima Organizacional presenta un nivel favorable en un 64%, y la variable Gestión Administrativa presenta un nivel muy eficiente en un 64. 33%.
Dynamic pressure on lock gate structure coupled with fluid
Authors: Kumar Singh Deepak , Pal Priyaranjan , Kant Duggal Shashi
Published: November 2019

The effect of fluid on the dynamic pressure distribution of a rectangular lock gate structure subjected to external harmonic ground acceleration is studied. The fluid is assumed to be inviscid and incompressible, having an irrotational flow. Pressure for fluid domain and displacement for lock gate are considered as nodal variables in the finite element formulation. The interaction of coupled problem is maintained by transferring acceleration of the lock gate to fluid and pressure of the fluid to lock gate. Mindlin’s plate theory is used to formulate the lock gate. The Laplace equation is solved using Fourier half range cosine series expansion to truncate the far boundary nearer to the lock gate. The time dependent forced vibration equations are solved by using Newmark-beta time integration method.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Placental Thickness and Obstetric Doppler Parameters During the Second Trimester
Authors: Aydin Emine , Bulut Ayca Nazli
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a relationship between placental thickness and the umbilical artery and uterine artery Doppler evaluation in the second trimester. STUDY DESIGN: The placental thickness and the umbilical artery and uterine artery Doppler evaluations were recorded by a single operator for patients who were admitted for an obstetric follow-up or fetal anatomy screening at 18-28 gestational weeks. The relation between these variables was investigated by evaluating the patients only once.RESULTS: In our study, the mean placental thickness was 31.7 (SD±8.01) mm. The umbilical artery Doppler parameters did not correlate with the placental thickness. The uterine artery Doppler systolic/diastolic velocity, Pulsatility index and Resistance index values positively correlated with the placental thickness. However, these correlations were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no relationship between the placental thickness and obstetric Doppler parameters in this study, we suggest that they are likely important factors and their significance should be evaluated in future studies
Homogeneous / Heterogeneous Structure and Forms of Dialectics
Authors: Kumsar Bahar Gokcen
Published: November 2019

The notion of utopia which is came from ancient to the present day in a historical perspective as an unreal place and which is intended to reach to perfection by the effect of social realities could not provide the critical environment necessitated for the 20th-century problems. Patriarchy, capitalism, colonialism and other realities which hold on in historical perspective touch the formations of gender, race or class consciousness off around feminist theory, and they make them the focus of the epoch. The narratives of the late 20th century rather than search for the ideal, achieve perfection, they destroy all positions not only search for those who are different from all positions but also aim to create a critical environment by seeing the irreducible together.Michel Foucault draws attention to fantastic, untroubled and homogeneous structure of the concept of utopia and liken utopias to the flowing order with the distinctive features of the language. The late 20th century formations and the environment required by these formations are expressed as the desire to construct polyphonic, heterogeneous environments and he defines these environments as heterotopia. If the narratives of the ancient period are discussed through the concept of utopia, the narratives of the late 20th century are discussed through the concept of heterotopia that is a new formation pointed out by Foucault, the texts of different periods which exhibit structurally very different positions (homogeneous and heterogeneous) are structured by collaborating on dialectical thinking. Dialectical thought continues to exist on the basis of the way of thinking both in the late 20th century narratives and in ancient texts. Getting a foothold of vague, ambiguous, transient forms which exist in the environment to human thoughts provides clues about dialectics. The human creates a series of binary oppositions, during thinking in order to find meaning in it with the motivation of rationalization. This study aims to trace different forms of dialectical thought through the texts of the different epoch (homogeneous / heterogeneous), which exhibited very different stances from each other.Considering the structural differences between antiquity and late 20th century texts, how do the limitlessness and limits of dialectical thought between binaries play a role in the construction of these differences (homogeneous/ heterogeneous)? For highlighting these differences, the narrative of The Republic of Plato as a homogeneous text is examined comparatively with the late 20th-century heterogeneous text of  Triton with regard to fictionalizing dialectics over sex / gender binary opposition which is the notional focus of the late 20th-century.
Synthesis and characterization of a new magnetic adsorbent for removal of 4-nitrophenol: application of response surface methodology
Authors: Gholamnia Reza , Abtahi Mehrnoosh , Saeedi Reza , Khaloo Shokooh Sadat
Published: November 2019

Magnetic modified graphene oxide was synthesized as a new modified magnetic nano-composite (MMNC) by a simple sonochemical–hydrothermal method. The sonochemical reaction was employed to exfoliate, functionalize and decorate neomycin on graphene oxide sheets. Nickel ferromagnetic particles were synthesized by hydrothermal co-precipitation method and decorated on neomycin-modified graphene oxide. The morphology and chemical structure of MMNC were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The adsorption capability of MMNC for removal of phenolic compounds was assessed through adsorption of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) from aqueous solution. The three-factor Box–Behnken design coupled with response surface method was applied to evaluate and optimize the important variables which affect the adsorption process. A significant quadratic model (p-value <0.05, R2(adj) = 0.9593) was derived using analysis of variance. The maximum adsorption capacity of 125.4 mg 4-NP/g MMNC at pH 6 was obtained, which was comparable in some cases and higher than most adsorbents reported in the literature. The presence of neomycin on graphene oxide sheets improved the maximum adsorption capacity of the nano-sorbent up to 28% (from 98.7 to 125.4 mg 4-NP/g adsorbent). The adsorption isotherms fitted well with the Langmuir model (Langmuir constant b = 0.064 l/mg, R2 = 0.9989) and the kinetic study showed that the nitrophenol uptake process followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression (R2 ≥ 0.9960, pseudo-second-order constant K2 ≥ 1.7 × 10−3).
Fly ash as stimulant for anaerobic digestion: effect over hydrolytic stage and methane generation rate
Authors: Guerrero Lorna , Da Silva Cristopher , Barahona Andrea , Montalvo Silvio , Huiliñir Cesar , Borja Rafael , Peirano Clio , Toledo Mario , Carvajal Andrea
Published: November 2019

Thermoelectric fly ash was used as a micronutrient source for microorganisms in the anaerobic digestion process of thermally pretreated (1 hour, 120 °C) secondary sludge. The obtained results not only suggest that fly ash improves methane generation in the conversion of volatile fatty acids into methane, but also show a new observation, that the fly ash contributes in the particulate organic solubilization. The maximum methane production rate increased from 6.52 mL/L/d to 22.59 mL/L/d when fly ash was added at a dosage of 150 mg/L in biochemical methane potential tests compared with tests with no added ash. Additionally, the kinetic constants of the hydrolysis of particulate organic matter were obtained in both cases (with and without added ash) in batch reactors using a first-order kinetic model; in the case of no addition, the first-order kinetic parameter was 0.019 ± 0.002 d−1, while with ashes this value increased to 0.045 ± 0.000 d−1. Therefore, the addition of fly ash improves methane generation and hydrolytic kinetics in different orders of magnitude.
Features of development of communicative abilities in children of preschool age with visual impairment
Authors: Norina Irina Vitalevna
Published: November 2019

The analysis of results of a pilot study of formation of communicative skills at children of preschool age with visual impairment is presented in article.
Electrical properties of graphenes for application in electrochemical charge storage devices
Authors: Levin Kirill Lvovich , Jelamo Rojerio V. , Pshchelko Nikolay S. , Khanin Samuil D.
Published: November 2019

Graphenes in the form of flexible thin films treated with different types of plasma were investigated by Mott-Schottky analysis. The possibility of variation of electrical conductivity in graphene prepared by plasma treatment was shown. Obtained materials are promising for electric energy storage devices.
Global Warming: The Bottom View
Authors: Velgas Lev Borisovich , Iavolinskaia Liya Lvovna
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the authors theorize that all planets rotate about their axis due to their satellites. The planet and its satellite are interconnected by a shared gravity, which moves along the surface of the planet as the result of the satellite moving in an orbit. The discussed movement of gravity applies to all planets and the Sun. The shared gravity is at its maximum on the Earth and Sun surface. Based on this theory, the paper discusses causes for global warming. The hypothesis of the Earth’s crust being a cause for global warming is analyzed. In addition, an analysis of Friedmann’s theory in terms of possible galactic velocities is presented in the article.
Numerical modelling of redo of the prosthetic heart valve: hemodynamics
Authors: Ovcharenko E. , Onishchenko P. , Klyshnikov K. , Ganyukov V. , Shilov A. , Vereshchagin I. , Kokov A. , Tarasov R. , Borisov V. , Zakharov Yu. , Barbarash L.
Published: November 2019

Aim. In this article, we report a numerical analysis of the causes and haemodynamic effects of paraprosthetic regurgitation during redo transcatheter prosthesis of the aortic valve with the “valve-in-valve” technique with respect to the predictive value of computer modelling.Methods. We used numerical analysis of haemodynamics for a patient-specific simulation of blood flow in the “valve-in-valve” complex formed from a failed framed and transcatheter self-expanding aortic valve bioprosthesis. The three-dimensional computer models of the aortic root, the frame, and the transcatheter bioprosthesis were reconstructed using the multislice computed tomographic data of patient T. aged 61 years who underwent “valve-in-valve” implantation of a self-expanding valve (CoreValve™; Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland). Computer modelling was performed with the immersed boundary method, considering the haemodynamic characteristics of the patient which were obtained by postoperative transthoracic echocardiography. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of blood flow average and peak blood flow velocities, wall shear, viscous stress, and Reynolds stress were analysed, as were the distributions of these indicators in the blood flow volume of the model. Particular attention was paid to these indicators with regard to the area of observation of the first-degree paraprosthetic regurgitation in the zone of mitral–aortic contact; such regurgitation was clinically observed at 6 months.Results. In numerical simulations, high blood flow velocities in the region of interest (the area of the paraprosthetic blood leakage) as well as stresses (viscous and Reynolds stresses) do not generally cause substantial mechanical destruction of red blood cells because of the short exposure time. In the wall of the fistula, the high shear stress that results from the simulation of high blood flow velocities can initiate thrombosis with the participation of von Willebrand factor in the case of endothelial inflow of the primary bioprosthesis with dysfunction. However, these effects were not clinically observed.Conclusion. As a result of clinically observed first-degree paraprosthetic regurgitation caused by the low position of the CoreValve™ transcatheter prosthesis in relation to the primary frame bioprosthesis, the contact area of the prosthesis-in-prosthesis was reduced. The patient-specific methods used to assess haemodynamic effects arising from transcatheter prosthetics satisfactorily reproduced the clinical picture of paraprosthetic regurgitation and can form the basis of numerical prognostic models of similar interventions.Received 12 June 2019. Revised 31 October 2019. Accepted 6 November 2019.Funding: The research is supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 18-75-10061).Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Residuos sólidos en viviendas de interés social.
Authors: Petro Falón Luz , Ocampo Rivero Mónica , Rodríguez M Brigitte , Polo A Yuleidis
Published: November 2019

Objective. Determine the knowledge of and attitude to ward the management of solid house hold waste that the inhabitants of social housing have in the municipality of Monteria. Materials and methods. This was a descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional study with information collected through the application of a question naire, which evaluated aspects related to the knowledge of and attitude of people toward the man agement of solid house hold waste. The study was carried out in 24 apartment towers of social-interes thousing. Arandom sample of 175 apartments was chosen, and a questionn aire was administered to the heads of house holds forthe collection of the information, which was collected inphysical formand process edin SPSS. Results. The finding sindicated that 68% of heads of households have knowledge of somere cycling techniques; 60% reported that they do not separate the waste; 70% of them did not separate technological waste; 65.7 % of the respondents were not cleara bout what is called solid waste; and 63.5% of them did not know the color code that allows an adequate classification ofwaste. Conclusion. In the home sunder study, it is necessary to implement strategies to improve the knowledge of the inhabitants that contribute to an adequate separation in the source of the household solid waste to favor the reduction in the production of garbage and the development of anawareness of the care for the environment.
EDITORIAL
Authors: SÁNCHEZ CARABALLO ÁLVARO A
Published: November 2019

La diversidad temática presentada en dos volúmenes y cuatro números de la Revista Avances en Salud, además de la aceptación por parte de la comunidad científica, permite a través de la misma incursionar de manera proactiva en uno de los aspectos más importantes de la actividad académica y científica como es la divulgación del conocimiento científico producido. Con esto, no se pretende establecer diferencias conceptuales filosóficas, epistemológicas o inclusive hermenéuticas en los límites del conocimiento, ni mucho menos caer en un escenario de irresolución conceptual.Al respecto, en lo substancial se pueden mencionar los progresos relacionados con los lindes del conocimiento. La importancia de esto conduce a pensar en la relación existente entre los alcances de la disciplina y la complementariedad de la ciencia y en ningún caso contribuye a la exclusión conceptual o aislamiento del conocimiento mismo, dado pues al dinamismo que obedece precisamente a la dialéctica de la naturaleza y su relación con el hombre y su proceso de transformación y adaptación al medio circundante.
Wearable Motion Sensor Device to Facilitate Rehabilitation in Patients With Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis: Pilot Study to Assess Feasibility (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Yu-Pin , Lin Chung-Ying , Tsai Ming-Jr , Chuang Tai-Yuan , Lee Oscar Kuang-Sheng
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder is a common disorder that painfully reduces the shoulder range of motion (ROM) among middle-aged individuals. Although physical therapy with home-based exercises is widely advised to restore ROM in the treatment of AC, clinical results vary owing to inconsistent patient compliance.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to verify the feasibility of a treatment model that involves applying a wearable motion sensor device to assist patients conduct home-based exercises to improve training compliance and the accuracy of exercises, with the ultimate goal of improving the functional recovery of patients with AC.

METHODS

The motion sensor device was comprised of inertial measurement unit–based sensors and mobile apps for patients and physicians, offering shoulder mobility tracing, home-based exercise support, and progress monitoring. The interrater reliability of shoulder mobility measurement using the motion sensor device on 10 healthy participants and 15 patients with AC was obtained using an intraclass correlation coefficient analysis and compared with the assessments performed by two highly experienced physicians. A pilot prospective control trial was then carried out to allocate the 15 patients with AC to two groups: home-based exercise group and motion sensor–assisted rehabilitation group. Changes in active and passive shoulder ROM, pain and functional scores, and exercise completion rates were compared between the groups during a treatment period of 3 months.

RESULTS

Shoulder ROM, as measured using the motion sensor device, exhibited good to excellent reliability based on the comparison with the measurements of two physicians (intraclass correlation coefficient range, 0.771 to 0.979). Compared with patients with AC in the home-based exercise group, those in the motion sensor–assisted rehabilitation group exhibited better shoulder mobility and functional recovery and a higher exercise completion rate during and after 3 months of rehabilitation.

CONCLUSIONS

Motion sensor device–assisted home-based rehabilitation for the treatment of AC is a useful treatment model for telerehabilitation that enhances the compliance of patients through training, thus improving functional recovery. This helps overcome important obstacles in physiotherapy at home by providing comprehensible and easily accessible exercise instructions, enhancing compliance, ensuring the correctness of exercise, and monitoring the progress of patients.
The U.S. Women’s Razor-Blade Market: A Competitive Profile
Authors: Datta Y.
Published: November 2019

This paper follows the path of six studies: the U.S. Men’s Shaving Cream, the U.S. Beer, the U.S. Shampoo, the U.S. Shredded/Grated Cheese, the U.S. Refrigerated Orange Juice, and the U.S. Men’s Razor-Blade markets.Porter associates high market share with cost leadership strategy which is based on the idea of competing on a price that is lower than that of the competition. However, customer-perceived quality—not low cost—should be the foundation of competitive strategy, because it is far more vital to long-term competitive position and profitability than any other factor. So, a superior alternative is to offer better quality vs. the competition.In most consumer markets a business seeking market share leadership should try to serve the middle class by competing in the mid-price segment; and offering quality better than that of the competition: at a price somewhat higher, to signify an image of quality, and to ensure that the strategy is both profitable and sustainable in the long run. Quality, however, is a complex concept consumers generally find difficult to understand. So, they often use relative price, and a brand’s reputation as a symbol of quality.In 2008 sales in the U.S. were $83 million for the Women’s Razors, and $192 million for the Women’s Blades. In both markets there were two major players. In the Women’s Razors market P&G’s Gillette had a 58% market share, followed by Schick, a distant second, with a 31% share. Likewise, in the Women’s Blade market, Gillette had a 61% share, and Schick a 35% share.We tested two hypotheses: (1) That a market leader is likely to compete in the mid-price segment, and (2) That the unit price of the market leader is likely to be somewhat higher than that of the nearest competition. Employing U.S. retail sales data for 2008 and 2007, we found that for 2008 the market leader in the Women’s Razor market—Gillette Venus Embrace—was not a member of the mid-price segment, but the super-premium segment. Likewise, in the Women’s Blade market, the market leader—Gillette Venus Original (Note 1)—was part of the premium segment, not the mid-price segment.Several arguments can be offered to explain this deviation: (1) There is not much competition in this market with only two major players, (2) The technology of producing Razors and Blades has become more complex and consequently more expensive, (3) Producers are now offering many more new feature—and benefits—than ever before that further raise the cost of production, and (4) For many American women, having smooth armpits and legs is an important social norm they must observe for which they are willing to pay a premium price.Based on Gillette Fusion, the first men’s five-blade Razor, Gillette introduced Venus Embrace, a first five-blade Razor for women. Whereas Gillette had positioned itself as a premium brand in the past, it moved up the ladder and placed Venus Embrace in the super-premium segment in 2008.We also found strong support for the idea, that relative price is a strategic variable.Finally, we discovered three strategic groups in the industry.
Static structural and thermal analysis of brake disc with different cut patterns
Authors: Chavan Chetan Babasaheb , More Anurag Shankar , Patil Nikhil Nishikant , P Baskar
Published: November 2019

Power transmission plays an important role in automobiles. Since the concern regarding safety in automobiles has been considered as a top priority, it is very much important to have a complete control over vehicle to make it stop. Brakes are the power interruption devices which absorb the kinetic energy of vehicle and bring it to the rest condition. Once the brakes are actuated, heat is generated due to the friction between pads and rotating disc. This heat generated is responsible for high temperature of the disc. As brakes convert friction into heat, it must be dissipated through it in order to have limited temperature range of the entire system. Under this consideration drums brakes have been replaced by disc brakes as they are more efficient under steady and instantaneous braking conditions. In this paper, models were designed by using CATIA-V5 and then imported to ANSYS 16.2 for static structural and thermal analysis. The designing of discs was carried out considering its application for a two wheeler of 200-250 cc engine capacity. The aim of this paper is to study the heat distribution and the overall deformation of the discs having different cut patterns. Further an extension to this work, an attempt has been made to investigate different aspects like deformation and temperature distribution by varying the alloy materials for discs. This analysis has helped us a lot to understand the behavior of different materials under realistic conditions. The paper is then concluded with the best material and cut patterns in terms of strength, factor of safety and heat dissipation.
Optimal emergency vehicle braking control based on dynamic friction model
Authors: Olmos L. , Álvarez-Icaza L.
Published: November 2019

A dynamic friction model for the tire-road interface is used in an optimal control scheme for emergency braking of vehicles. The controller sets a target relative velocity curve that the vehicle must track in order to achieve braking in minimum time. It is shown that this curve corresponds to the solution of a minimum time optimal control problem. The final goal of the control is to improve the safety levels in highway transportation.
Characterization of a plane on a coordinate measuring machine of large dimensions
Authors: Jaramillo N. A. , Sánchez-Rinza B. E.
Published: November 2019

A technique for characterizing a horizontal plane within the measuring volume of a coordinate measuring machina (CMM) of large dimensions is described. The objective of the characterization is to obtain a correction table that allows us to minimize the mechanical errors introduced by its mechanical imperfection. The process contemplates the measurement of Y-axis yaw error and the squareness error between the X and Y axes of the machine, as well as obtaining a plane beginning with the characterization of a group of lines. This plane was then used to construct a correction table so that the uncertainty of measurement along the Z axis of the CMM could be reduced to less than 15 micrometers for any measurement carried out within an area of 4X5 m. In addition, a novel method for measuring the deviation angle of a pentaprism using the facilities of the CMM is described.
A discrete wavelet transform-singular value decomposition system for image coding
Authors: Ochoa-Domí­nguez H. de Jesús , Rao K. R.
Published: November 2019

A system that combines techniques of wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) to encode images is presented. The image is divided into tiles or blocks of 64x64 pixels. The decision criterion as to which transform to use is based on the standard deviation of the 8x8 pixel subblocks of the tile to encode. A successive approximation quantizer is used to encode the subbands and vector quantization/scalar quantization is used to encode the SVD eigenvectors/eigenvalues, respectively. For coding color images, the RGB components are transformed into YCbCr before encoding in 4:2:0 format. Results show that the proposed system outperforms the JPEG and approaches the JPEG2000.
Improved single-face lapping by using an air bearing supported lap
Authors: Ascanio Gabriel , Cava Carlos , Chicurel Ricardo , Reséndiz Roberto
Published: November 2019

Lapping is a finishing process extensively used in the engineering world for those parts that require a fine finish surface such as gage blocks or flats for checking production parts. Nowadays, there are several machines in which single-face, double-face or rotating lapping processes can be carried out. Generally, all these machines use a rigid bearing system for supporting the lap shaft and a flexible coupling to connect that shaft to the motor. Therefore, their vibrations can affect the surface finishing of parts to be lapped. One way to reduce that effect and greatly improve the surface quality is to use an air bearing. The present work is aimed at investigating the lapping parameters when using an air bearing system. For comparison purposes, tests using a conventional rigid system were also conducted. Results show vibrations have a negative effect on flatness and roughness, reason for which lapping can take longer time to reach the same results obtained with an air bearing system.
Design and implementation of a security layer for RFID systems
Authors: Alarcon-Aquino V. , Dominguez-Jimenez M. , Ohms C.
Published: November 2019

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a technology whose employment will certainly grow in the following years. It is therefore necessary to consider the security issues that come out from the implementation of that type of systems. In this paper we present an approach to solve the security problems in RFID systems by designing a naive security layer based on authentication and encryption algorithms. The authentication mechanism is the mutual authentication based on a three-way handshaking model, which authenticates both the reader and the tag in the communication protocol. The cipher algorithm based on a symmetric-key cryptosystem is RC4 implemented in a proposed modification to the existing WEP protocol to make it more secure in terms of message privacy. The proposed approach is implemented using VHDL in FPGAs communicated through RF transceivers. The results show that the security layer is simple enough to be implemented in a low-price RFID tag.
Active control of periodic fan noise in laptops: spectral width requirements in a delayed buffer implementation
Authors: Cordourier-Maruri H. A. , Orduña-Bustamante F.
Published: November 2019

An active control system intended for the reduction of strictly periodic noise components in computer cooling fans is described, which is based on high‐performance digital sound device architectures found in some personal computers. The system overcomes causality and synchronization constrains imposed by delayed buffering, as usually found in computer audio processing. Performance of the system is demonstrated and evaluated through measurements in a physical implementation of active noise control of synthetic tones combined with laptop fan noise, carried out under anechoic and slightly everberant conditions. Tests on other types of tonal noise sources, like an electrical transformer, were also carried out. However, its wider applicability to the cancellation of tonal noise has been proved compromised by weak periodicity issues found and reported in this work. Also, a study of noise spectral width requirements for successful operation is presented.
Development of a data acquisition system for an oceanographic buoy
Authors: Pérez Chavarrí­a M. , Estudillo Zamora E.
Published: November 2019

This work presents the development of a data acquisition system for an oceanographic buoy that includes the necessary sensors to measure the meteorological and marine variables which are involved in the physical processes in the ocean‐atmosphere interface. In general, the development consists of three phases:• Either digital or analogical conditioning of the signals resulting from the different sensors.• Development of the instrument's control system.• Development of both control and instrument‐user communication programming.Among the most important characteristics of the system are the following:• The buoy has sensors to measure wind direction and speed, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, air temperature, water temperature, marine current direction and speed, and wave height.• The system is programmable, this is, the sampling intervals can be programmed as well as the start and end dates of an experiment by means of a personal computer and a user‐friendly software in the Windows platform.• The instrument was designed for a low consumption of energy and with a system of solar cells to recharge the battery.To date, partial results have been generated in respect to the measurement of the oceanographic variables because the physical structure of the buoy has not been finished yet. It is important to point out that the development of this instrument is pioneer in the field of oceanographic electronic instrumentation in our country, besides it helps in the formation of qualified human resources.
Towards a parallel system for demographic zonification based on complex networks
Authors: Ochoa Alberto , Bernábe Beatrí­z , Ochoa Omar
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a novel method for the zone design problem that is based on a popular technique in the field of complex networks research: betweenness centrality. We use a parallel version of a community detection algorithm that outputs the graph partitioning that maximizes the so‐called modularity metric. The method is put at the centre of an effort to build an open source interactive high  erformance computing platform to assist researchers working with population data.
Jerk analysis of a module of an artificial spine by means of screw theory
Authors: Gallardo-Alvarado J. , Lesso-Arroyo R.
Published: November 2019

In this work, a novel parallel manipulator is introduced with the purpose of simulating the jerk analysis of the end of the spine.The displacement analysis is presented in a semi-closed form solution whereas the velocity, acceleration and jerk analyses are carried out by means of the theory of screws.
The CR‐Ω+ Classification Algorithm for Spatio‐Temporal Prediction of Criminal Activity
Authors: Godoy Calderón S , Calvo H , Martínez Hernández V M , Moreno Armendáriz M A
Published: November 2019

We present a spatio‐temporal prediction model that allows forecasting of the criminal activity behavior in a particular region by using supervised classification. The degree of membership of each pattern is interpreted as the forecasted increase or decrease in the criminal activity for the specified time and location. The proposed forecasting model (CR‐Ω+) is based on the family of Kora‐Ω Logical‐Combinatorial algorithms operating on large data volumes from several heterogeneous sources using an inductive learning process. We propose several modifications to the original algorithms by Bongard and Baskakova and Zhuravlëv which improve the prediction performance on the studied dataset of criminal activity. We perform two analyses: punctual prediction and tendency analysis, which show that it is possible to predict punctually one of four crimes to be perpetrated (crime family, in a specific space and time), and 66% of effectiveness in the prediction of the place of crime, despite of the noise of the dataset. The tendency analysis yielded an STRMSE (Spatio‐Temporal RMSE) of less than 1.0.
Automation Of An I-V Characterization System
Authors: Noriega J. R. , Vera-Marquina A. , Acosta Enríquez C.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, an accurate I-V virtual instrument (VI) that has been developed to characterize electronic devices for research and teaching purposes is demonstrated. The virtual instrument can be used to highlight principles of measurement, instrumentation, fundamental principles of electronics, VI programming, device testing and characterization in wafer or discrete device level. It consists of a Keithley electrometer, model 6514, a programmable power supply BK Precision, model 1770, a Keithley source meter, model 2400-LV, an Agilent digital multimeter, model 34401, a PC computer and LabVIEW software. The instruments are interconnected using an IEEE 488 protocol. The characteristic VI devices graphs are generated from measured data previous computational processing. The instrument is used in basic courses of physical electronics as well as in advance curses of VLSI design and in research work for characterization of semiconductor materials and devices. This paper describes the VI instrument design, implementation and characterization experiments.
Vibration Analysis Of a Self-Excited Elastic Beam
Authors: Barrón-Meza M. A.
Published: November 2019

The vibration behavior and the energy exchange among the normal modes of a clamped-free self-excited elastic  beam are analyzed in this work. To model this kind of beam, the damping term of a van der Pol oscillator is directly added to the equation of a linear elastic beam, yielding a single nonlinear partial differential equation. To solve this equation, a spectral method is employed. Three vibration modes are considered in the analysis, and the values of the self-exciting constant are varied in order to cover from linear to nonlinear vibration behavior. Multiple frequencies of the nonlinear beam are determined through the power spectral density of the beam free-end time series. Given that this relatively simple model mimics at least in a qualitative way some key issues of the fluid-structure problem, it could be potentially useful for fatigue studies and vibration analysis of rotating blades in turbomachinery.
A Theoretical Framework for Modeling Asymmetric, Nonpositive Definite and Nonuniform Distance Functions on R exp. n
Authors: Sánchez-Larios H. , Guillén-Burguete S.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we give theoretical foundations for modeling distance functions on the usual Euclidean space R exp. n, where distance may refer to physical kilometers, liters of fuel consumed, time spent in traveling, or transportation cost. In our approach, a distance function d is derived from a function F0 called the fundamental function of d. Our distance functions, unlike metrics, can be asymmetric and non-positive definite, and unlike the Lp norms, they can be nonuniform. We illustrate our theoretical framework by modeling an asymmetric and non-uniform distance function on R2 which can take negative values.