bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISA AMAR PUTUSAN RICHARD ELIEZER: HUBUNGAN HUKUM DAN KEKUASAAN DITINJAU DARI TEORI POSITIVISME HUKUM
Authors: Purwanto Anton , Maimunah Siti
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAKSistem peradilan pidana Indonesia belakangan ini adalah mengenaipemidanaan Richard Eliezer yang sangat jauh dari tuntutan jaksa penuntutumum. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui metode studi kepustakaan yaitupendekatan normatif empirik yang menggabungkan data daripada bahan hukumprimer berupa regulasi yang ada dengan kejadian-kejadian hubungan antarahukum dengan kekuasaan juga dapat dilihat pada sebuah proses peradilan.Dimana Indonesia menganut asas yang menyatakan bahwa semua orangdianggap mengetahui hukum (Asas Fiksi Hukum). Pada saat seseorangmelakukan hal yang tidak sesuai dengan hukum yang telah diundangkan, makaharus menerima konsekuensi untuk mendapatkan sebuah bentuk hukuman.Majelis hakim sebagai sebuah bentuk kekuasaan juga menjadi penentu apakahseseorang bersalah atau tidak dalam sebuah perkara.Kata Kunci : Putusan, Hukum, Eliezer.
KEPENTINGAN HUKUM DAN KEKUASAAN
Authors: Prijo Santoso  , Yok Sunaryo
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAKHubungannya dengan hal tersbut di atas, maka sesungguhnya perludipahami akan makna dari filsafat hukum. Filsafat hukum mempersoalkanpertanyaan-pertanyaan yang bersifat dasar dari hukum. Penelitian dilaksanakanmelalui metode studi kepustakaan yaitu pendekatan normatif empirik yangmenggabungkan data daripada bahan hukum primer berupa regulasi yang adadengan kejadian-kejadian Hukum dan kekuasaan merupakan dua hal yang berbedanamun saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain. Pada dasarnya hakekat hukum yangideal sebagai obyek filsafat hukum tentunyamempersoalkan pertanyaan-pertanyaanyang bersifat dasar dari hukum. Pertanyaan-pertanyaan tentang “hakikat hukum”,tentang “dasar-dasar bagi kekuatan mengikat dari hukum”, merupakan contohcontoh pertanyaan yang bersifat mendasar itu. Atas dasar yang demikian itu, filsafathukum bisa dihadapkan kepada ilmu hukum positif.Kata Kunci : Kepentingan, Hukum, Kekuasaan
PENERAPAN PRINSIP GOOD ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH di KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Mas Rara Tri Retno Herryani  , Zaenal Arifin
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAKPertumbuhan ekonomi di Kota Surabaya juga dipengaruhi oleh industriindustri asing terutama dalam property seperti dibangunnya Gedung pencakarlangit, mall, apartemen, plaza dan hodtel berbintang di setiap tahunnya. Sehinggasebagai kota besar, Kota Surabaya memiliki banyak permasalahan terutamamengenai lingkungan. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui metode studi kepustakaanyaitu pendekatan normatif empirik yang menggabungkan data daripada bahanhukum primer berupa regulasi yang ada dengan kejadian-kejadian Hukum dankekuasaan merupakan dua hal yang berbeda namun saling mempengaruhi satu samalain. Konsep Good Environmental Governance menurut Nur Faisah dan Andi LuhurPrianto yaitu bagaimana kita mengelola dan berinteraksi dengan lingkungan dalambingkai konseptual. Environmental Governance menitikberatkan pada kebutuhanuntuk memahami dan mengelola adanya hubungan timbal balik atau feedbackekosistem anatara dengan sistem social. Di dalam Undang-Undang N0.32 tahun2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah juga menyatakan bahwa salah satu urusanpemerintah daerah provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota adalah penegendalian lingkunganhidup termasuk permasalahan sampah.Kata Kunci : Prinsip, Good Environmental, Governance.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA BAGI ANGGOTA TNI YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA KESUSILAAN DENGAN ORANG YANG BUKAN ANGGOTA KELUARGA BESAR TNI (STUDY PUTUSAN NOMOR: 5-K/PMU/BDG/AL/IV/2019)
Authors: Dewi Nadia Novianti Kusuma
Published: June 2023

Abstrak Tindak pidana kesusilaan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan makhluk sosial tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa perbuatan asusila atau tindakan kesusilaan akan terjadi dan menimpa kepada setiap orang yang tidak memandang latar belakang pendidikan, pekerjaan, jabatan dan sebagainya disebabkan karena lemahnya kontrol diri, lemahanya iman sesuai dengan agama yang dianutnya, hal ini bisa terjadi disebabkan dengan latar belakang yang berbeda-beda.Tindakan kesusilaan yang dilakukan oleh TNI / Militer ini dapat dikatakan sebagai Pidana Militer, atau hanya pidana umum yang dilakukan militer. Dan pertanggungjawaban yang dapat dilakukan oleh seorang TNI apabila melakukan tindak pidana kesusilaan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu statute approach, conceptual approach dan case approach dengan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor : Nomor : 5-K/Pmu/Bdg/Al/Iv/2019 merupakan salah satu putusan dari tindak pidana kesusilaan yang dilakukan oleh oknum militer tidak dalam dinas. Ketiga pendekatan tersebut yang nantinya akan menghasilkan penelitian yang sempurna. Keyword : Tindak Pidana Kesusilaan, Militer, Pertanggungjawaban Pidana
PENERAPAN PIDANA KORPORASI TERHADAP KEGIATAN YANG DIATUR DALAM PASAL 100 UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 32 TAHUN 2009 DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA TANGGUNG JAWAB DIREKSI
Authors: Kusumaningrum Divi , Adi Putra Restu , Njoto Harsono
Published: June 2023

Abstrak

Dewasa ini pertumbuhan industri dan korporasi di Indonesia menjadi sangat pesat seiring dengan pertumbuhan pembangunan yang dilakukan besar-besaran oleh pemerintah . Hal ini tentunya sangat mendukung neraca pertumbukan ekonomi di Indonesia , mulai dari nilai pemanfaatan sumber daya alam sampai sumber daya manusia yang juga akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan rata-rata pendapatan rakyat Indonesia dan pendapatan perkapita negara . Namun dengan semakin pesatnya pertumbuhan industri dan korporasi di suatu negara tentu akan meningkat pula peluang untuk terciptanya suatu kejahatan atau pelanggaran hukum di dalamnya . Tentu hal ini tidak serta merta berkembang bila adanya regulasi dan aturan hukum di suatu negara dapat mencangkup semua aspek pelanggaran yang mungkin bisa terjadi di dalamnya . Seperti pencemaran lahan, kerusakan alam, sampai dengan pencemaran lingkungan yang merugikan masyarakat . Untuk itulah disini pemerintah  dengan tegas memperketat ruang lingkup pelanggaran atau kejahatan korporasi dan memasukkannya dalam suatu tindakan pidana yang memberi sanksi hukum pidana bagi para pemimpin perusahaan yang melakukan pelanggaran pidana korporasi .Hal ini secara langsung telah memberikan efek yang cukup besar bagi para pengusaha untuk memaksa bertanggung jawab terhadap perusahaan yang dipimpinnya bila menimbulkan berbagai kerugian bagi sumber daya alam,sumber daya manusia dan perekonomian Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum non-doktrinal atau sosio-legal, yakni penelitian hukum menggunakan interdisipliner sebagaimana penelitian dalam ilmu sosial, karena definisi hukum sangat bervariasi sesuai konteksnya. Adapun hukum yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah asas-asas kebenaran dan keadilan yang bersifat kodrati dan berlaku universal, dan berkarakteristik penalaran yang berorientasi filsafat. Penelitian ini berpusat pada sumber bahan hukum dan data kepustakaan atau dokumen (library research). Penelitian kepustakaan dimaksudkan untuk memperoleh data sekunder, berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Lalu dilanjutkan dengan menginventarisasi, meneliti atau menguji bahan-bahan hukum atau data tertulis yang relevan dengan objek penelitian.

Kata Kunci : Penegakan hukum, Pidana, Korporasi
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KESESUAIAN KEPERUNTUKAN TANAH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN IBUKOTA BARU NUSANTARA DITINJAU DARI DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Adi Putra Restu , Rahman Irham , Cahyo Setiono Gentur
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK

Proses pembebasan tanah guna kepentingan pembangunan seringkali masih menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan. Salah satu permasalahan yang timbul adalah pembebasan tanah yang terjadi di calon ibu kota baru Nusantara yang dibangun di wilayah hutan Kalimantan yang termasuk ke dalam paru-paru dunia. Hal demikian akan dikhawatirkan mengganggu ekosistem yang ada dan dapat mengganggu iklim pelestarian lingkungan. Guna menjawab problematika tersebut dalam penelitian ini digunakan penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Sehingga penelitian ini sampai pada kesimpulan setiap tanah haruslah sesuai dalam pengadaannya, baik secara pemanfaatan  SDA maupun dalam penataannya.

Kata Kunci :  Peruntukan tanah, Dampak lingkungan, Ibu Kota Baru
Correlation between scientific literacy with higher order thinking skills and self-efficacy in biology learning
Authors: Arifiyyati May Firdaw , Rofi'ah Ndzani Latifatur , Listyono Listyono
Published: June 2023

Education is one of the fields or perspectives that have significant developments in the progress of the times. Technological developments are developing the world of education, called the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. Therefore, several things must be mastered, namely competence in each student's life and multiliteracy in mental, physical, and intellectual capacities. One is Science Literacy Ability and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). In addition to knowledge competence, students must also have confidence in themselves to do and do well, namely self-efficacy. This study aims to determine the relationship between scientific literacy skills, HOTS, and self-efficacy as mediating variables. This type of research is correlational with the survey method. The sampling technique used is Simple Random Sampling with a sample of the population of class XI SMA students who are studying biology. Techniques and data collection instruments using tests in the form of questions (scientific literacy skills and HOTS) and statement questionnaires (self-efficacy). The research was conducted in March-May 2022 at SMAN 3 Semarang. Analysis of research data using quantitative descriptions. The results of this study are that there is a relationship between scientific literacy ability and HOTS with an influence proportion of 7.9%, there is no relationship between scientific literacy ability and self-efficacy with an influence proportion of 0.2%, there is no relationship between HOTS and self-efficacy influence 1.2%.
Hypercrystalluria as a Factor in the Development of Urine Stone Disease, Diagnosis and Directions of Treatment
Authors: Chernenko Vasyl , Chernenko Dmytro , Zheltovska Nataliia , Savchuk Volodymyr , Bondarenko Yurii , Klius Аndrii , Pylypenko Yevhenii
Published: June 2023

Under the action of exogenous, androgenic, genetically determined factors, the metabolism of stone-forming salts of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, oxalates, uric acid in the blood serum and their active excretion by the kidneys to the state of hypersaturation (oversaturation) is disturbed) urine is formed. When the level of crystallization inhibitors is disturbed, a saturated salt solution crystallizes with the formation of microliths. The formation of stones in the kidneys is possible only in the presence of «building material» – supersaturated saturated urine, therefore, hyperoxaluria is a pre-stone condition. Treatment measures should be aimed at correcting mineral metabolism in the body after establishing the type of hyperoxaluria using laboratory tests: salt transport, calcium load, dietary test – low-calcium diet, thiazide test and determination of the mineral composition of the removed (removed) stone.
Genetically consequential conditions (10–15%) count about 30 varieties in which the main sign or symptom in the manifestation of the disease is urolithiasis. Unfortunately, congenital tubulopathies are not sufficiently studied, so the treatment is symptomatic, in some cases simultaneous kidney and liver transplantation options are possible.
Clinically, 4 main forms of hypercrystalluria are distinguished: hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricuria, phosphaturia and mixed forms of crystalluria. Acquired forms of hypercrystalluria, of which they are absorptive (type II intestinal hyperabsorption – absorptive hypercalciuria and absorptive hyperoxaluria), are of main clinical interest, which is characteristic of the course of calcium-oxalate urolithiasis. Metaphylaxis of calcium-oxalate urolithiasis is formed on the basis of these data.
Transplantation Stem Cells: From Definition to Opportunities of Clinical Application
Authors: Vydyborets Stanislav , Derpak Yurii
Published: June 2023

The progressive development of embryology, biology, and hematology in the field of experimental research on the biology of SC contribute to the development of new methods and approaches of cellular and tissue therapy for the treatment of pathological conditions and a number of various diseases.
To analyze the information about stem cell (SC) biology, which revealed great possibilities of its use as cellular, gene therapy using both embryonic stem cells (ESC) and SC of an adult organism. The application of ESC requires further study of the clinical possibilities of application in clinical practice, which will directly depend on the limits of tolerance in legal and ethical aspects regarding work with embryonic tissues, the development of an appropriate legislative framework for this field of medicine.
The materials for processing were published information sources, publications of scientific research. Used methods of systematic and structural-logical analysis, bibliosemantic.
It is promising to carry out research on the feasibility of using auto- and allografts of SC hematopoietic tissue obtained from alternative sources, in particular, umbilical cord blood, embryonic liver, bone marrow in clinical transplantation, the development of new transplantation technologies with the use of non-myeloablative modes of conditioning, transplant purification, the use of hematopoietic factors growth of a new generation, vaccination with dendritic cells, etc.
Considering the general aspects of the stem cell (self-renewal, differentiation, plasticity, asymmetric division, niche, stromal support), the possibilities of using embryonic stem cells in regenerative medicine and cell therapy open up. The solution to the problem of SC transplantation gives patients a chance for cure and life extension.
Anemia in Neoplastic Disease: Current Treatment Options
Authors: Syvak Lubov , Derpak Yurii , Goryainova Nadiia , Kucher Olena , Moroz Halyna
Published: June 2023

Anemia is one of the most common complications of cancer. The severity of anemia depends on the severity of the disease and the course of its development. The review of the literature presents the causes and mechanisms of anemia in patients with malignant neoplasms, discussing its negative impact not only on the quality of life, but also on the effectiveness of chemotherapy, existing clinical recommendations for the treatment of anemia with the use of erythropoiesis stimulating agents.
The attention is paid to the effectiveness of modern intravenous iron preparations. A brief overview of the literature data on the problem of use of intravenous iron preparations in clinical practice is presented. The review includes mainly the data of controlled randomized clinical studies, which are considered to be most informative in evidence.
Recently, effective and safe intravenous iron preparations have appeared, the ways of their introduction, doses and formulas have been developed to calculate the overall deficit of iron in the organism. The data on the anemia importance, the incidence of which in tumor diseases, increases constantly, were found.
In numerous randomized studies that have taken place over the open protocol, the value of hemoglobin (Hb) level for the quality of life of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy is demonstrated. Before recombinant human erythropoietins (rHuEPO) the transfusion of erythrocyte mass was used in cancer patients with anemia. However, hemotransfusion could be accompanied by the development of complications, transmission of transmissible infections, post-transfusion reactions, aloimmunization and the effect on the tumor clone with the possibility of stimulating tumor growth.
The safety of iron parenteral preparations has increased because of the creation of a new generation of iron drugs.
Effects of social networking sites on university students’ academic performance: A systematic review
Authors: Masalimova Alfiya R. , Kosheleva Yuliya P. , Kosarenko Nikolay N. , Kashina Svetlana G. , Sokolova Ekaterina G. , Iakovleva Ekaterina V.
Published: June 2023

This paper analyzed the effects of social networking sites (SNS) on university students’ academic performance. In this study, the peer-reviewed articles were taken from the SCOPUS database. The 22 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were involved in the analysis. Two researchers analyzed the articles using the content analysis method according to the researchers’ established analysis criteria. The results showed that research has generally reported positive and significant results on the influence of SNS on academic achievement. However, some studies have reported the negative effects of SNS on academic achievement. The results regarding the publication year of the reviewed studies showed an increase between 2019 and 2022. The results also showed that the data collection instruments included quantitative methods to collect data in all reviewed studies, and most participants were between 100 and 300. In addition, the main data source to measure academic achievement was the Grade Points Average, and most of the research was conducted in Saudi Arabia. These findings from this research add new insights to the literature and have important conclusions for researchers regarding the uses of SNS on academic achievement.
Public perceptions towards ChatGPT​ a​s the​ Robo​-Assistant
Authors: Jangjarat Kris , Kraiwanit Tanpat , Limna Pongsakorn , Sonsuphap Rattaphong
Published: June 2023

The widespread adoption of digital technologies in various economic activities paves the way for the establishment of a unified digital space. ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence language model, can generate increasingly realistic text, with no information on the accuracy and integrity of using these models in scientific writing. This study aims to investigate factors influencing public perceptions toward the acceptance of ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant, using a mixed method. The quantitative approach in this study employed convenience sampling to collect data through closed-ended questionnaires from a sample size of 1,880 respondents. Statistical analysis software was used for data analysis. The researchers used binary regression to examine the relationship between various independent variables (such as score, gender, education, social media usage) and the acceptance of ChatGPT, as dependent variable. As part of the qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of six participants. The qualitative data was analyzed using the content analysis method and the NVivo software program. Findings show that ChatGPT awareness and usage are influenced by variables like score, gender, education, and social media usage. Occupation and monthly income were not significant factors. The model with all independent variables was able to predict the use of ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant in Thailand with an accuracy rate of 96.3%. The study also confirms acceptance of ChatGPT among Thai people and emphasizes the importance of developing sociable robots that consider human interaction factors. This study significantly enhances our comprehension of public perceptions, acceptance, and the prospective ramifications associated with the adoption of ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant. The acquired findings offer indispensable guidance for the effective utilization of AI models and the advancement of sociable robots within the domain of human-robot interaction.
Potential Use of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in Hot MixAsphalt
Authors: Ahmed Namir Ghani , Kareem Abbaas Inaayah , Abbas Alaa Saadi
Published: June 2023

The objective of the present paper is to examine the effect of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) on marshall properties and indirect tensile strength of HMA through experimental investigation. A mixture with 0% RAP was used as a control mix to evaluate the properties of mixes with 5%, 10%, and 15% RAP. One type of RAP was brought from Bab Al-moadam’s road in Baghdad for this purpose. The experimental testing program included Marshall and Indirect Tensile Strength tests. The results indicated that the bulk density, flow and VFA increase with the increasing of the percentage of RAP, while increasing in RAP results decreases in VTM and VMA values. Furthermore, the stability is changed from 10.1 kN for the control mix to12, 13.6 and 11.7 kN for mixes with 5%, 10% and 15% RAP respectively. The results reveal that the inclusion of RAP into HMA mixtures increases the indirect tensile strength and decreases the values of ITS with the increasing of the test temperature. The results also indicated that increasing the percentage of RAP produces an increasing in temperature susceptibility value. The results of marshall properties and IDT test indicate that the amount of new binder that needs to be added to the RAP mixture can be reduced without significant effects on the quality of the produced mix
Expression Pattern and Prognostic Analysis of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism-Related Genes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yao Xiaojun , Deng Yulan , Zhou Jian , Jiang Liangshuang , Song Yijie
Published: June 2023

Background: The purpose of our study is to analyze the expression pattern and prognostic value of catabolism-related enzymes of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Differential expression analysis, mutation, copy number variation (CNV), methylation analysis, and survival analysis of BCAAs catabolism-related enzymes in NSCLC were performed using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results: Six and seven differentially expressed genes were obtained in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), respectively. IL4I1 was located at the core regulatory nodes in the gene co-expression networks of both LUAD and LUSC. The AOX1 mutation rate was the highest in both LUAD and LUSC. For CNV, IL4I1 was up-regulated in both LUAD and LUSC with an increase in copy number, whereas AOX1 and ALDH2 were differentially regulated in the two subtypes of lung cancer. In patients with NSCLC, high expression of IL4I1 was associated with lower overall survival (OS), and low expression of ALDH2 predicted shorter disease-free survival (DFS). ALDH2 expression was related with LUSC survival. Conclusions: This study explored the biomarkers of BCAAs catabolism related to the prognosis of NSCLC, which provided a theoretical foundation to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Endometriosis Progression
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhang Wensi , Jin Lingge , Ren Jian , Liu Zhaohui , Lu Dan
Published: June 2023

Endometriosis (EMs) is a common gynecological disease with an increasing incidence in recent years. Because of the lack of specific molecular biological indicators in clinical practice, diagnosis is often delayed and the quality of life of patients is seriously reduced. Therefore, the discovery of effective molecular biomarkers is crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment of EMs patients. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, the mechanism of lncRNAs in EMs has been increasingly confirmed experimentally. This article summarizes the biological characteristics and functions of EMs-related lncRNAs, and introduces the mechanisms of EMs-related lncRNAs in the context of ceRNAs, in exosomes, under hypoxic conditions, and related antisense RNAs. The mechanism of the most popular imprinted gene H19 and metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 in EMs is then introduced. Finally, we explore the challenges of molecular biomarker EMs-related lncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of EMs, anticipating their potential value in clinical applications.
Exercise in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Recent Conceptual Changes and Recommendations for Pre-Exercise Tests
Authors: Seo Jiwon , Choi Eui-Young , Rim Se-Joong
Published: June 2023

Traditionally, individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been advised not to participate in more than low-intensity exercises. HCM was originally described in the context of sudden death, and early literature from the registry showed that HCM was the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Therefore, there has long been a concern that exercise could trigger ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Although a few patients with HCM may progress along deteriorating disease pathways, many have no clinically significant symptoms or adverse events, no need for major treatment, and a normal life expectancy. Therefore, the routine restriction of any exercise intensity in this large group deprives them of the multiple benefits of exercise and may have detrimental effects on long-term clinical outcomes. However, it has been reported that light to moderate exercise is acceptable for many patients with HCM, and recent evidence suggests that vigorous exercise does not increase the risk of sudden death in this population. Thus, we reviewed previous literature regarding the effects of exercise in patients with HCM and provided cutting-edge information on the safety and concerns of exercise. In addition, based on our experience and previous research, we reviewed the conditions that should be met before starting exercise and the tests required to confirm them.
الصدق والأمانة في تفسير الرازي (ت606هـ) دراسة وصفية
Authors: حمادي حمادي عبد الله , سراج الدين قحطان أ.م.د. محمد
Published: June 2023

أحمدك اللهم لا أحصي ثناء عليك غمرتنا، بآلائك وأحطتنا بنعمائك وهبت لنا العقول  فسخرناها بتوفيقك إلى ما شئت لها واستطاعة بهدايتك وتسخيرك إلى إن تقوم برسالتها فتبرز للناس ما يستفيدون منه في معاشهم ومعادهم وفي ختام هذه الرحلة الطويلة مع المباحث الأخلاقية الصدق و الأمانة في التفسير الكبير مفاتيح الغيب اذكر أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها من خلال هذا التفسير الشامل الواسع وقد خاض في عدة جوانب ومنها انه أولى علم الكلام عناية واسعة وخاض في علوم اللغة العربية الأعراب ومعاني المفردات وقد خاض في علوم القراءات ومن النتائج التي توصلت إليها :

1- قد أولى  المباحث الأخلاقية الفضيلة عناية خاصة فيها أشار إلى الصدق والأمانة  وتقسيماتها وأثرها في التربية.

2- وقد أولى الأخلاق عناية واسعة وأشار إلى الأخلاق الفاضلة والذميمة. وقد فصلها في الآيات الدالة عليها وذكرت المباحث إلى الرجوع إلى أخلاق السلف الصالح.

3- قد أوليت بحثي هذا من فضائل الأخلاق- فضيلة الصدق التي اتصف بها سيد الكونين وإمام الثقلين الصادق الأمين.

 4- وقد نبذ التعصب الديني والمذهبي من خلال تفسير الآيات القرآنية ولم يكن متعصباً إلى مذهب دون آخر فقد تطرق إلى آراء المفسرين دون تعصب .
الثأر وأحكامه في الشريعة الإسلامية – دراسة تحليلية في إدارة سوران
Authors: عبدالرحمن أحمد خسرو , ،         صادق ياسين ،         أ. د. كمال
Published: June 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان عادة الثأر وأحكامها من منظور الشريعة الإسلامية، وما كان متعلقاً بها في المجتمع، مع ابراز مدى اهتمام الإسلام بوضع الحلول المناسبة لها، وتحليلها وفق المعايير والمبادئ المنهجية للبحوث العلمية، اذ سلك الباحث المنهج الاستقرائي للإطلاع على الكتب المعتبرة في المذاهب الإسلامية، وتتبع آراء العلماء بصدد الموضوع من مفهوم الثأر وأحكامه وأسبابه ومعالجاته، واعتمد الباحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لتحليل أسباب الثأر في المجتمع الكوردي ومعالجاته، اعتماداً على المقابلات الميدانية مع علماء الدين والقضاة والقانونيين والمصلحين حول الدراسة، كي يتـرك البحث وراءه فوائد وآثاراً إيجابية للقضاء على تلك العادة السيئة، ولقد توصل الباحث في نهاية المطاف إلى أنّ عادة الثأر كانت عادة منتشرة في إقليم كوردستان – العراق ولا تزال قائمة كسائر المجتمعات الشرقية، ولكن لم تصل إلى حد أن يوصف بأنها ظاهرة كبيرة، وكانت العادات المتعلقة بها بعيدة عن أحكام الشرع كل البعد، واقتـرح الباحث وضع الآليات الضرورة لإنهاء هذا التقليد الأعمى المتوارث، لكي لا يسيل دم الأبرياء ولا تنتشر الفوضى والفتن والعداوات بين أفراد الأمة الإسلامية عامة وبين المجتمع الكوردي خاصة.
الطقوس وطريقة الدفن وحياة ما بعد الموت عند إنسان العصر الحجري الحديث في إيران
Authors: جاسب مثنى العوادي م.د. مرتضى
Published: June 2023

يهتم البحث بعادات وطقوس الدفن وكيف فكر الإنسان بحياة ما بعد الموت أثناء العصر الحجري الحديث بصوره عامة، إذ تعد تلك الدراسة من الموضوعات المهمة لمعرفة عادات وتقاليد وطقوس الدفن لدى الإنسان قديم، إذ بين كيف قام الإنسان بدفن موتاهم وكيف أقام الطقوس من أجل ذلك.
السياسة الداخلية والخارجية في عهد ادوارد الاول (1272 – 1307م)
Authors: م.د. زينب هاشم جريان م.د. زينب هاشم جريان
Published: June 2023

يتناول هذا البحث سياسة الملك ادوارد الاول(1272-1307) واثره في حكم انكلترا والصراعات على السلطة خلال تلك المدة ما بينهُ وبين ابن عمه هنري الالماني، وكان ادوارد الاول رجلاً طموحاً قوي الارادة؛ إذ اكتسب خبرة واسعة من التطورات السياسية والبرلمانية في عهد والده، إذ يرجع اهتمام الملك ادوارد الاول في تدعيم الحكم النيابي من اجل تخفيف اعباء الحرب التي دارت بينه وبين فرنسا واسكتلندا كذلك محاولاته من اجل ضم ويلز لمملكته، ويبدو انه اراد ان يجعل من نواب المقاطعات والبلدات منافساً لرجال الدين وكبار البارونات في البرلمان التي اشعلت الحرب معهم مما اصطلح عليه حرب البارونات، وبعد ما اظهر نواب المقاطعات والبلدان مساهمة بارزة في مساعدة الحكومة في تغطية نفقاتهما الحربية، ومن الواضح ان اشراكهما في البرلمان كان لسبب اقتصادي، كما ان استدعاء ادوارد الاول لممثلي المقاطعات والبلدان يحمل روحاً مضادة للإقطاع ويقلل من اهمية السياسة للبارونات عن طريق المجيء بفئات المجتمع كافة لتتصل معه اتصالاً مباشراً في البرلمان، وابرز اعماله وانجازاته وسياسته الداخلية والخارجية، واهم ما تمخض من نتائج في مدة حكمه.
البِنية التأسيسية للهوية الذاتية والنقد الأخلاقي دراسة تحليلية في فلسفة جوديث بتلر
Authors: شاكر داخل نيـسم , علي عواضة أ.م.د. حنان
Published: June 2023

في فلسفة بتلر مواءمة عميقة بين جانبين : الجانب الأول يتعلق بالبحث المتواصل في الشروط اللاشخصية الفاعلة في تكوين الهوية الذاتية ، والجانب الثاني يتصل بأثر هذه الشروط في تعزيز المسؤولية الأخلاقية .

     تنظر بتلر للواقع الإنساني نظرة موضوعية شاملة لمختلف أوجه هشاشته وضعفه ، فهي لا تكتب إنطلاقاً من رؤية متفائلة وساذجة اتسمت بها فلسفات عديدة وصفت بأنها إنسانية ، كما إنها ترفض الاستسلام للنزعة التشاؤمية الطاغية في الفلسفات البنيوية ، فإذا ما كانت هنالك ثمة أمل ممكن فهو أمل مسؤول لا يحمل الكثير من الوعود  بقدر ما يعترف بمرارة الواقع وما يحث الجهد على العمل. إنه مشروع أخلاقي لانهائي ملتبس غير واضح المعالم ، يحتمل النجاح وربما الإخفاق ايضاً ، وإذا ما أخفق فإنه لا يستسلم ، بل يعاود الفعل ، فالأمر متروك لنوايانا الصادقة .

      إشكالية هذا البحث هي جملة من التساؤلات الأخلاقية الواقعية تتصل بالقدرة على العيش الحر في عالم تخلقه وتقيده شروط الضرورة ، فهل ذلك ممكن ؟ وما أوجه العلاقة الممكنة بين العمى التكويني للهوية الذاتية وتأسيس أخلاقيات تستند إلى المسؤولية وقوة اللاعنف ؟ وأخيراً أثر ذلك في مجال النظرية الاجتماعية ، أي العلاقة بين النقد الأخلاقي والنظرية الاجتماعية ؟
In what way are you qualified? Understanding epistemic (in)competence and expert persuasion through the courtroom of My Cousin Vinny
Authors: Martire Kristy
Published: June 2023

Has anyone seen the movie My Cousin Vinny? Expert opinion evidence is ubiquitous in civil and criminal justice procedures. Its use is longstanding, widespread and influential. However, non-expert factfinders have been criticized for their ineffective management of improper and unvalidated forensic science evidence. Some argue this mishandling arises from the epistemic incompetence of judges and juries. In this paper we use scriptwriter Dale Launer’s persuasive expert character (Mona Lisa Vito), from the film My Cousin Vinny, to explore the epistemic (in)competence of non-expert evaluators. When placed in the context of expert persuasion scholarship, this analysis reveals strengths and weaknesses of non-expert evaluations of expert witnesses. In particular, issues relating to the foundation of expert opinions, the certainty of expert conclusions, and tendency to stray outside ones area of expertise. These matters are examined as potential targets for interventions to improve the reception and handling of expert opinion evidence, as well as the fairness and rectitude of criminal justice procedures.
Demokrasi Dan Birokrasi
Authors: Aliza Nur
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini membahas serta memperdalam tentang birokrasi, demokrasi dan efisiensi, setelah ketiga variabel ini dijelaskan, menemukan hubungan yang sangat membutuhkan dukungan konseptual dan metodologi yang tepat dan pendekatan interdisipliner. Karena jika ketiga konsep tersebut dikaji secara mendalam ke dalam beberapa konsep reformasi birokrasi, maka secara konseptual dapat dipelajari untuk mendapatkan dimensi yang berbeda sesuai dengan nilai-nilai demokrasi. Sehingga benang merah dari ketiga variabel tersebut dapat dijalin menjadi struktur pemikiran baru, yaitu “paradigma birokrasi birokrasi”. Dibandingkan dengan pandangan awal tentang “birokrasi pemerintah
EFEKTIVITAS BENTUK MODEL PEMBELAJARAN : Problem Based Learning (PBL)
Authors: Wulandari Ririn
Published: June 2023

Pembelajaran adalah bentuk korelasi antara pendidik, peserta didik dan sumber belajar dalam satu lingkungan belajar. Berdasarkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang dimiliki, guru diharapkan mampu memberikan solusi dalam suatu permasalahan. Jika permasalahan tersebut diabaikan tentunya dapat menimbulkan dampak buruk dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah. Dengan penerapan model pembelajaran yang mendorong siswa untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam proses pembelajaran serta dapat memecahkan masalah dirasa merupakan solusi yang tepat. Salah satu model yang dapat dijadikan solusi dengan kriteria tersebut ialah model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning .
POLA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KRISTIAN DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Leo Pascal
Published: June 2023

Keluarga merupakan bagian terkecil dalam suatu lingkungan masyarakat yang terdiri dari ayah, ibu, dan anak-anak. Akan tetapi adapun keluarga yang tidak lengkap hanya terdiri dari ayah dan ibu dalam sebuah rumah tangga. Orang tua merupakan sebutan bagi ayah dan ibu dari seorang anak, baik secara hubungan biologis maupun sosial. Umumnya orang tua memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam membesarkan seorang anak melewati komunikasi yang diterapkan Salvicion dan Celis (1998)' memberikan gambaran bahwa di dalam keluarga terdapat dua atau lebih dari dua pribadi yang tergabung karena hubungan darah, hubungan perkawinan atau pengangkatan dalam satu rumah tangga, berinteraksi satu sama lain dan didalam perannya masing-masing dan menciptakan serta mempertahankan suatu kebudayaan. dari pengertian yang sudah dijabarkan berarti keluarga adalah dua pribadi atau lebih dimana ada ikatan baik darah maupun hubungan lainnya yang bersatu dengan peranan masing-masing untuk mempertahankan suatu kebiasaan secara turun temurun.Akitab mengajarkan bahwa lembaga pertama yang dirancang dan didirikan Allah adalah keluarga yang fundamental dan mendasar. Dimana laki-laki akan meninggalkan ayah dan ibunya dan bersatu dengan istrinya menjadi satu daging (Kejadian 2:24). Lembaga keluarga ini merupakan dasar bangunan dari masyarakat sehat dan teratur (Kejadian 2:18-25). Karena melalui keluarga, Allah memberikan tanggungjawab untuk berperan dalam memelihara keluarga dan alam sekitar.
POLA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KRISTIANI DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Leo Pascal
Published: June 2023

Keluarga merupakan bagian terkecil dalam suatu lingkungan masyarakat yang terdiri dari ayah, ibu, dan anak-anak. Akan tetapi adapun keluarga yang tidak lengkap hanya terdiri dari ayah dan ibu dalam sebuah rumah tangga. Orang tua merupakan sebutan bagi ayah dan ibu dari seorang anak, baik secara hubungan biologis maupun sosial. Umumnya orang tua memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam membesarkan seorang anak melewati komunikasi yang diterapkan Salvicion dan Celis (1998)' memberikan gambaran bahwa di dalam keluarga terdapat dua atau lebih dari dua pribadi yang tergabung karena hubungan darah, hubungan perkawinan atau pengangkatan dalam satu rumah tangga, berinteraksi satu sama lain dan didalam perannya masing-masing dan menciptakan serta mempertahankan suatu kebudayaan. dari pengertian yang sudah dijabarkan berarti keluarga adalah dua pribadi atau lebih dimana ada ikatan baik darah maupun hubungan lainnya yang bersatu dengan peranan masing-masing untuk mempertahankan suatu kebiasaan secara turun temurun.Akitab mengajarkan bahwa lembaga pertama yang dirancang dan didirikan Allah adalah keluarga yang fundamental dan mendasar. Dimana laki-laki akan meninggalkan ayah dan ibunya dan bersatu dengan istrinya menjadi satu daging (Kejadian 2:24). Lembaga keluarga ini merupakan dasar bangunan dari masyarakat sehat dan teratur (Kejadian 2:18-25). Karena melalui keluarga, Allah memberikan tanggungjawab untuk berperan dalam memelihara keluarga dan alam sekitar.
ON THE MODIFIED RIEMANN HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Salah Jamal
Published: June 2023

The following book is a summary of my journey in exploring Riemann Hypothesis (RH) until my final conclusion and attempt to modify then conditionally proving it.Chapter 1Robin’s inequality, one of many equivalent statements to RH, is considered with no really significant output, except for some special even numbers.Chapter2Two equivalent statement to RH are discussed with no results (still open)Chapters (3 – 5)A review of relevant function and well-known proofs of some results are given.Chapter 6Utilizing various techniques, we figure out that RH is most probably true and graphically, it is conditionally true.Chapter 7We provide the main conclusion, we demonstrate Riemann’s approach, detect the disregard of logic then propose a conditional proof to RH.
Operationalizing transformative change for business in the context of nature positive
Authors: Booth Hollie , Milner-Gulland E.J. , McCormick Nadine , Starkey Malcolm
Published: June 2023

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) set a specific target for reducing the private sector’s negative impacts on biodiversity and increasing positive impacts, as part of efforts to halt and reverse biodiversity loss. Meanwhile, ‘Nature Positive’ is emerging as an ambitious rallying call for mainstreaming the GBF. Merely tinkering with business-as-usual will not deliver these ambitions, and so calls for transformative change in business's relationship with biodiversity are increasing. However, there remains a lack of clarity on how to operationalize transformative change in the context of Nature Positive and the GBF, particularly how to develop meaningful actions and targets. This gap risks confusion, greenwashing, and failure to achieve global goals. This perspective draws on existing literature on social change to offer a practical framework for understanding and operationalizing transformative change for business and nature. We define and describe the role of transformative change within a Nature Positive ambition and summarize different types and scales of actions that companies could take, which we illustrate with case study examples. This framework could help with planning coordinated and mutually reinforcing actions towards transformative change, setting ambitious targets, and holding companies accountable to ‘transformative’ claims. However, all such plans and claims should be founded on abatement of new and on-going negative impacts first and foremost through implementing the mitigation hierarchy. We invite companies to test our framework for their own planning, decision-making and disclosures, to drive transformative change for a safe and just future.
Ethical Guidelines for Antiracism in Medicine Work: Lessons from the Antiracist Healing Collaborative
Authors: Legha Rupinder Kaur , Mabeza Russyan Mark
Published: June 2023

An explosion of antiracism in medicine efforts have transpired since 2020. However, no ethical guidelines exist to guide them. This oversight is concerning because the racism and white supremacy rife within medicine can easily thwart them. This article addresses this gap by highlighting ethical guidelines for antiracism work in medicine. We present nine core tenets derived from our experience forming the Antiracist Healing Collaborative (AHC), a medical student-led initiative committed to developing bold and disruptive antiracist medical education content. Our lessons developing and implementing these tenets can guide other antiracism in medicine collaborations striving to promote liberation and healing, rather than recapitulating the racism and white supremacy culture embedded within medicine. We close by reflecting on how these tenets have steadied our recent decision to draw AHC to a close. They have allowed us to honor what we achieved together, strengthen the relationship that formed the foundation for our activism, and bolster the shared antiracism mission that will guide our individual journeys moving forwards. The first of their kind, out ethical guidelines for antiracism work in medicine can facilitate greater recognition of the risks embedded in anti-oppression work transpiring in academic settings.
Mood, Activity Participation, and Leisure Engagement Satisfaction (MAPLES): Results From a Randomised Controlled Pilot Feasibility Trial for Low Mood in Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Kusec Andrea , Murphy Fionnuala Catherine , Peers Polly V. , Bennett Ron , Carmona Estela , Korbacz Aleksandra , Lawrence Cara , Cameron Emma , Bateman Andrew , Watson Peter , Allanson Judith , duToit Pieter , Manly Tom
Published: June 2023

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is linked to increased depression risk. Existing therapies for depression in ABI (e.g., Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) have mixed efficacy. Behavioural Activation (BA), an intervention that encourages engaging in positively reinforcing activities, shows promise. We assess feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of two 8-week BA groups. Whereas the Activity Planning group (AP; “traditional” BA) trained participants to plan reinforcing activities over 8 weeks, the Activity Engagement group (AE; “experiential” BA) encouraged engagement in positive activities within session only. Both were compared to an 8-week Waitlist group (WL).Methods: Adults (≥ 18 years) recruited from local ABI services, charities, and self-referral via social media were randomised to condition. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed via recruitment, retention, and attendance. Participants provided qualitative feedback. Blinded assessments of self-reported activity levels, depression, and anxiety (at pre- and post-intervention and 1 month follow up) were compared across trial arms. Data were collected in-person and remotely due to COVID-19. Results: N = 60 participants were randomised to AP (randomised n = 22; total n = 29), AE (randomised n = 22; total n = 28), or re-randomised following WL (total n = 16). Whether in-person or remote, AP and AE were rated as similarly enjoyable (t = 0.27, p = 0.79) and helpful (t = 1.99, p = 0.05). In exploring efficacy, 58.33% of AP members had clinically meaningful activity level improvements, relative to 50% AE and 38.5% WL. Both AP (t = -4.30, p < 0.001) and AE (t = -4.60, p < 0.001) groups had depression reductions relative to WL, but only AP participants demonstrated anxiety reductions relative to AE (t = -3.98, p < 0.001) and WL (t = -4.13, p < 0.001). AP participants noted benefits of learning strategies to increase activities and learning from other group members. AE participants valued social discussion and choice in selecting in-session activities.Conclusions: Both in-person and remote group BA were feasible and acceptable in ABI. Though both traditional and experiential BA may be effective, these may have different mechanisms. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03874650. Protocol version 2.3, May 26th 2020.
Effect of Urbanization on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Hamal Shudarshan , Chauhan Raju , Thakuri Sudeep
Published: June 2023

Growth in the population over time is bound to increase the expansion of densely populated areas which will change the dynamics of land use and land cover (LULC) directly or indirectly. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of urban growth on the land surface temperature (LST) in Kathmandu. We used the maximum likelihood classification method for LULC classification and change detection of pre-monsoon satellite data for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020. LST was then calculated using the thermal infrared band from the satellite imagery. Finally, the relationship between urban growth and LST was assessed by correlation and regression analysis. The result shows an increase in urban areas by 13.98% of the total area between 2000 and 2020. The analysis of thermal patterns shows that there is a gradual increase in temperature in the urban area. With an overall accuracy of 89.96% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.86, the study shows high agreement between classified data from images. This study shows that urbanization has a positive impact on surface temperature, yet the relationship is not significant. Sustainable city planning and strict adherence to the Land Use Act and regulations will assist to make the urbanization process more sustainable in the future.
Factors Affecting the Farming System of Gwaltar (Sindhuli) and Birta (Ramechhap) Village, Nepal
Authors: Lama Sunita , Baral Chandra Kanta
Published: June 2023

Farming in Nepal is subsistence-based and is mostly integrated with livestock. Farming is seasonal and weather dependent. Different factors of agricultural system such as soil, water, livestock, labor, climate change and other resources within a given environment have affected farming. Primary data was collected using the tools like household survey, key informants’ interview, focus group discussion and field observations. In order to select the households for the household questionnaires, a random sampling technique was carried out. The study area consists of two villages viz. Birta and Gwaltar divided by a Sunkoshi River, Gwaltar having wet land on the other hand, Birta having dried land and thus 30 households from each village were selected. Despite of lying the village in the same region, there is variation in the selection of crops, cropping pattern and amount of production. It has found that policy, infrastructure, market, lack of irrigation water, climate change etc. are some of the major constraints for Birta while these factors affecting the farming in Gwaltar was less. Water scarcity in Birta was increasing, affecting the agricultural production and resulting in food insecurity. They were accessed to limited irrigation, low income level, limited institut.ional capacity resulting these effects in crop types, production, household food security and household income.