bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
White‐tailed deer movement in response to helicopter surveys
Authors: Dyal Jordan R. , Miller Karl V. , Cherry Michael J. , D'Angelo Gino J.
Published: November 2022

Disturbance of wildlife from aircraft during aerial surveys could affect behavior or displace animals, causing them to cross multiple transects resulting in double counting or increasing likelihood of them seeking cover thereby impacting detection probability. We monitored 14 GPS‐instrumented male white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during helicopter surveys to evaluate if surveys influenced behavior. We collected GPS locations at 10‐min intervals during helicopter flights (i.e., 0700–1000 hours) and determined which individuals were contacted (i.e., within the flight transect at the moment of flyover whether detected or not) by the helicopter. We evaluated activity rates (% of seconds active during 10‐min fix interval) and movements (m) of contacted and non‐contacted deer using generalized linear mixed effects models (GLMMs) and habitat selection using step‐selection functions (SSFs). Activity rates of deer did not differ between contacted and non‐contacted individuals, however, contacted deer had shorter step‐lengths. There was no difference in selection of vegetative cover between contacted and non‐contacted individuals. Deer that were in close proximity to helicopter flyovers (i.e., 100 m on either side of the aircraft) reduced their step‐lengths, potentially decreasing detection probability. We found no evidence that disturbance from helicopter flyovers result in deer altering habitat selection or fleeing in a manner that could result in double counting. Instead, it appears deer disturbed by surveys are more likely to reduce movement.
Tri-resonant leptogenesis in a seesaw extension of the Standard Model
Authors: Candia da Silva P. , Karamitros D. , McKelvey T. , Pilaftsis A.
Published: November 2022

Abstract

We study a class of leptogenesis models where the light neutrinos acquire their observed small masses by a symmetry-motivated construction. This class of models may naturally include three nearly degenerate heavy Majorana neutrinos that can strongly mix with one another and have mass differences comparable to their decay widths. We find that such a tri-resonant heavy neutrino system can lead to leptonic CP asymmetries which are further enhanced than those obtained in the usual bi-resonant approximation. Moreover, we solve the Boltzmann equations by paying special attention to the temperature dependence of the relativistic degrees of freedom of the plasma. The latter results in significant corrections to the evolution equations for the heavy neutrinos and the lepton asymmetry that have been previously ignored in the literature. We show the importance of these corrections to accurately describe the dynamical evolution of the baryon-to-photon ratio ηB for heavy neutrino masses at and below 100 GeV, and demonstrate that successful leptogenesis at lower masses can be significantly affected by the variation of the relativistic degrees of freedom. The parameter space for the leptogenesis model is discussed, and it could be probed in future experimental facilities searching for charged lepton flavour violation and heavy neutrinos in future Z-boson factories.
The stratification of rigidity
Authors: Bourjaily Jacob L. , Kalyanapuram Nikhil
Published: November 2022

Abstract

We show that a master integrand basis exists for all planar, two-loop amplitudes in massless four-dimensional theories which is fully stratified by rigidity — with each integrand being either pure and strictly polylogarithmic or (pure and) strictly elliptic-polylogarithmic, with each of the later involving a single elliptic curve. Such integrands can be said to have definite rigidity.
Supersizing axions with small size instantons
Authors: Kivel Alexey , Laux Julien , Yu Felix
Published: November 2022

Abstract

We construct a new framework to calculate the enhancement of axion masses and concomitant effects on axion-meson mixing arising from small size instantons (SSIs), which originate in models featuring an extended color gauge symmetry. The framework is based on an explicit evaluation of ‘t Hooft determinantal operators that partition into instanton amplitudes, affording a more precise determination of the axion-diphoton coupling than previous results. Using an explicit model first presented in ref. [1], we demonstrate that axions solving the strong CP problem can have electroweak scale masses and higher, driven by SSI effects. Such collider axions are prime targets for resonance searches at the Large Hadron Collider and afford a unique anchor for motivating extended color symmetries.
M-theory on AdS4 × S7 at 1-loop and beyond
Authors: Alday Luis F. , Chester Shai M. , Raj Himanshu
Published: November 2022

Abstract

We study graviton scattering on AdS4× S7, which is dual to the stress tensor multiplet four-point function in the maximally supersymmetric 3d U(N)1× U(N)−1 ABJM theory. We compute 1-loop corrections to this holographic correlator coming from Witten diagrams with supergravity R and higher derivative R4 vertices, up to contact term ambiguities, and find that the flat space limit matches the corresponding terms in the 11d M-theory S-matrix. We then use supersymmetric localization to show that all the 1-loop contact terms vanish, as was previously observed for the AdS4× S7/ℤ2 theory dual to U(N)2× U(N)−2 ABJM. Finally, we use the recent localization results of Gaiotto and Abajian, as inspired by twisted M-theory, to compute all the short OPE coefficients in correlators of the stress tensor multiplet and the next lowest half-BPS operator, which we find saturate the bootstrap bounds on these mixed correlators for all N.
Surveying cliff-nesting seabirds with unoccupied aircraft systems in the Gulf of Alaska
Authors: Bishop Amanda M. , Brown Casey L. , Christie Katherine S. , Kettle Arthur B. , Larsen Gregory D. , Renner Heather M. , Younkins Lillie
Published: November 2022

Drones, or unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS), can transform the way scientific information on wildlife populations is collected. UAS surveys produce accurate estimates of ground-nesting seabirds and a variety of waterbirds, but few studies have examined the trade-offs of this methodology for counting cliff-nesting seabirds. In this study, we examined how different UAS survey parameters might influence seabird counts for population monitoring and assessed behavioral responses to aerial surveys for three sub-Arctic seabird taxa in the Gulf of Alaska: common murres (Uria aalge), black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), and pelagic and double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax pelagicus and Phalacrocorax auritus). We flew two commercially available models of UAS in planned approaches at different speeds and distances from colonies during incubation and chick-rearing periods. We compared counts from UAS-derived images with those from vessel-based photography and assessed video recordings of individual birds’ behaviors for evidence of disturbance during UAS operations and control phases. Count estimates from UAS images were similar to or higher than those from conventional vessel-based images, and UAS were particularly effective at photographing birds at sites with high cliff walls or complex topography. We observed no significant behavioral responses to the UAS by murres or cormorants, but we did observe flushing by black-legged kittiwakes during UAS flights; most of these birds were not incubating or brooding. At both the colony and individual level, we observed slightly greater responses to the smaller UAS platform and closer approaches. These results inform both species specific and general best practices for research and recreational usage of UAS near cliff-nesting seabird colonies.
Cortical adaptation of the night monkey to a nocturnal niche environment: a comparative non-invasive T1w/T2w myelin study
Authors: Ikeda Takuro , Autio Joonas A. , Kawasaki Akihiro , Takeda Chiho , Ose Takayuki , Takada Masahiko , Van Essen David C. , Glasser Matthew F. , Hayashi Takuya
Published: November 2022

Night monkeys (Aotus) are the only genus of monkeys within the Simian lineage that successfully occupy a nocturnal environmental niche. Their behavior is supported by their sensory organs’ distinctive morphological features; however, little is known about their evolutionary adaptations in sensory regions of the cerebral cortex. Here, we investigate this question by exploring the cortical organization of night monkeys using high-resolution in-vivo brain MRI and comparative cortical-surface T1w/T2w myeloarchitectonic mapping. Our results show that the night monkey cerebral cortex has a qualitatively similar but quantitatively different pattern of cortical myelin compared to the diurnal macaque and marmoset monkeys. T1w/T2w myelin and its gradient allowed us to parcellate high myelin areas, including the middle temporal complex (MT +) and auditory cortex, and a low-myelin area, Brodmann area 7 (BA7) in the three species, despite species differences in cortical convolutions. Relative to the total cortical-surface area, those of MT + and the auditory cortex are significantly larger in night monkeys than diurnal monkeys, whereas area BA7 occupies a similar fraction of the cortical sheet in all three species. We propose that the selective expansion of sensory areas dedicated to visual motion and auditory processing in night monkeys may reflect cortical adaptations to a nocturnal environment.
Prion assemblies: structural heterogeneity, mechanisms of formation, and role in species barrier
Authors: Igel Angélique , Fornara Basile , Rezaei Human , Béringue Vincent
Published: November 2022

Prions are proteinaceous pathogens responsible for a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases in animal and human. Prions are formed from misfolded, ß-sheet rich, and aggregated conformers (PrPSc) of the host-encoded prion protein (PrPC). Prion replication stems from the capacity of PrPSc to self-replicate by templating PrPC conversion and polymerization. The question then arises about the molecular mechanisms of prion replication, host invasion, and capacity to contaminate other species. Studying these mechanisms has gained in recent years further complexity with evidence that PrPSc is a pleiomorphic protein. There is indeed compelling evidence for PrPSc structural heterogeneity at different scales: (i) within prion susceptible host populations with the existence of different strains with specific biological features due to different PrPSc conformers, (ii) within a single infected host with the co-propagation of different strains, and (iii) within a single strain with evidence for co-propagation of PrPSc assemblies differing in their secondary to quaternary structure. This review summarizes current knowledge of prion assembly heterogeneity, potential mechanisms of formation during the replication process, and importance when crossing the species barrier.
Feature importance measures to dissect the role of sub-basins in shaping the catchment hydrological response: a proof of concept
Authors: Cappelli Francesco , Tauro Flavia , Apollonio Ciro , Petroselli Andrea , Borgonovo Emanuele , Grimaldi Salvatore
Published: November 2022

Understanding the response of a catchment is a crucial problem in hydrology, with a variety of practical and theoretical implications. Dissecting the role of sub-basins is helpful both for advancing current knowledge of physical processes and for improving the implementation of simulation or forecast models. In this context, recent advancements in sensitivity analysis tools could be worthwhile for bringing out hidden dynamics otherwise not easy to distinguish in complex data driven investigations. In the present work seven feature importance measures are described and tested in a specific and simplified proof of concept case study. In practice, simulated runoff time series are generated for a watershed and its inner 15 sub-basins. A machine learning tool is calibrated using the sub-basins time series for forecasting the watershed runoff. Importance measures are applied on such synthetic hydrological scenario with the aim to investigate the role of each sub-basin in shaping the overall catchment response. This proof of concept offers a simplified representation of the complex dynamics of catchment response. The interesting result is that the discharge at the catchment outlet depends mainly on 3 sub-basins that are consistently identified by alternative sensitivity measures. The proposed approach can be extended to real applications, providing useful insights on the role of each sub-basin also analyzing more complex scenarios.
Flexmi: a generic and modular textual syntax for domain-specific modelling
Authors: Kolovos Dimitris , de la Vega Alfonso
Published: November 2022

Domain-specific languages allow engineers and domain experts to express problems and design solutions using domain-focused vocabularies and abstractions, by means of graphical or textual syntaxes. In the case of textual syntaxes, language engineers can opt for creating a language-specific syntax by defining and maintaining a BNF-style grammar, or use an existing general-purpose reflective syntax such as the XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) or the Human Usable Textual Notation (HUTN), which do not require any development and maintenance effort, but which are more verbose and cannot be customised. We present Flexmi: a new general-purpose textual syntax for defining models that conform to Eclipse Modelling Framework’s Ecore-based metamodels. Flexmi offers XML and YAML/JSON syntax flavours, it can be fuzzily parsed to reduce verbosity, and it includes a templating system to facilitate encapsulation of reusable composite model element structures, thus enabling more concise model specifications. We have evaluated Flexmi for verbosity and model loading performance against XMI, HUTN, and a bespoke (i.e. custom) textual syntax for Ecore (Emfatic). Our results indicate that the use of fuzzy parsing and templates allow Flexmi to achieve a significant reduction in the verbosity of models compared to XMI/HUTN and can become almost as concise as a bespoke textual syntax, with a moderate performance penalty.
Cancer Patients’ Age-Related Benefits from Mobile Neurofeedback-Therapy in Quality of Life and Self-efficacy: A Clinical Waitlist Control Study
Authors: Schmidt Kira , Krawutschke Marvin , Kowalski Axel , Pasche Saskia , Bialek Anna , Schweig Theresa , Weismüller Benjamin , Tewes Mitra , Schuler Martin , Hamacher Rainer , Müller Bernhard W. , Schadendorf Dirk , Skoda Eva-Maria , Teufel Martin , Fink Madeleine
Published: November 2022

Electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG NF) can improve quality of life (QoL) and reduce distress by modifying the amplitude of selected brain frequencies. This study aims to investigate the effects of NF therapy on QoL and self-efficacy in cancer patients and to explore age-related reactions. In a waitlist control paradigm, psychometric data (EORTC QLQ-C30, General Self-Efficacy Scale) of 20 patients were collected at three different time points, each five weeks apart. An outpatient 10-session NF intervention (mobile) was conducted between the second and third measurement point. QoL and self-efficacy changed significantly over time (QoL: F(2,36) = 5.294, p < .05, η2 = .227; Self-efficacy: F(2,26) = 8.178, p < .05, η2 = .386). While QoL increased in younger patients, older patients initially showed a decrease in QoL, which then increased during intervention. Younger patients did not differ from older patients in QoL in both waitlist control (T0-T1) and intervention phase (T1–T2). QoL in older patients significantly differed between waitlist control and intervention phase (Z = − 2.023, p < .05, d = 1.085). Self-efficacy increased in both age categories. Younger and older patients did not differ in self-efficacy in waitlist control, but in intervention phase (F(1,16) = 7.014, p < .05, η2 = .319). The current findings suggest that NF therapy is a promising treatment modality for improving QoL in cancer patients. Our study reveals NF being a tool to influence self-efficacy, which should receive more appreciation in clinical care. However, the effect of NF in different age groups as well as the influence on further cancer-related symptoms should be investigated in future research.
Rationalities that underpin employability provision in higher education across eight countries
Authors: Hooley T. J. , Bennett D. , Knight E. B.
Published: November 2022

This article explores the rationalities advanced by 18 higher education institutions, located across eight countries, for developing and delivering employability provision. The article uses Sultana’s Habermasian-derived framework to categorise rationalities as either technocratic, humanistic or emancipatory. Based on a series of semi-structured dialogic interviews, the article explores how key strategic and operational personnel within higher education institutions articulate their rationality for engaging with employability. It finds that the rationalities advanced to support employability within different institutions vary through a conversation between institutional culture and priorities and the demands of different stakeholders who the institution seeks to engage. The technocratic and humanistic rationalities dominate, with the emancipatory rationality weakly represented in the data. However, in many cases, the different rationalities are woven together, often for tactical reasons, to create bespoke institutional rationalities.
Human activities disrupt the temporal dynamics of salinity in Spanish rivers
Authors: Moyano Salcedo Alvaro Javier , Estévez Edurne , Salvadó Humbert , Barquín José , Cañedo-Argüelles Miguel
Published: November 2022

Human activities are not only increasing salinization of rivers, they might also be altering the temporal dynamics of salinity. Here, we assess the effect of human activities on the temporal dynamics of electrical conductivity (EC) in 91 Spanish rivers using daily measures of EC from 2007 to 2011. We expected rivers weakly affected by human activities to have low and constant ECs, whereas rivers strongly affected by human activities should have high and variable ECs throughout the year. We collected information on land use, climate, and geology that could explain the spatiotemporal variation in EC. We identified four groups of rivers with differences in EC trends that covered a gradient of anthropogenic pressure. According to Random Forest analysis, temporal EC patterns were mainly driven by agriculture, but de-icing roads, mining, and wastewater discharges were also important to some extent. Linear regressions showed a moderate relationship between EC variability and precipitation, and a weak relationship to geology. Overall, our results show strong evidence that human activities disrupt the temporal dynamics of EC. This could have strong effects on aquatic biodiversity (e.g., aquatic organisms might not adapt to frequent and unpredictable salinity peaks) and should be incorporated into monitoring and management plans.
Algebraic degree of Cayley graphs over abelian groups and dihedral groups
Authors: Lu Lu , Mönius Katja
Published: November 2022

For a graph$$\Gamma $$Γ, letKbe the smallest field containing all eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of$$\Gamma $$Γ. The algebraic degree$$\deg (\Gamma )$$deg(Γ)is the extension degree$$[K:\mathbb {Q}]$$[K:Q]. In this paper, we completely determine the algebraic degrees of Cayley graphs over abelian groups and dihedral groups.
Consistent Approximation of Interpolating Splines in Image Metamorphosis
Authors: Justiniano Jorge , Rajković Marko , Rumpf Martin
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates a variational model for splines in the image metamorphosis model for the smooth interpolation of key frames in the space of images. The Riemannian manifold of images based on the metamorphosis model defines shortest geodesic paths interpolating two images as minimizers of the path energy which measures the viscous dissipation caused by the motion field and dissipation caused by the material derivative of the image intensity along motion paths. In this paper, we aim at smooth interpolation of multiple key frame images picking up the general observation of cubic splines in Euclidean space which minimize the squared acceleration along the interpolation path. To this end, we propose the spline functional which combines quadratic functionals of the Eulerian motion acceleration and of the second material derivative of the image intensity as the proper notion of image intensity acceleration. We propose a variational time discretization of this model and study the convergence to a suitably relaxed time continuous model via $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-convergence methodology. As a byproduct, this also allows to establish the existence of metamorphosis splines for given key frame images as minimizers of the time continuous spline functional. The time discretization is complemented by effective spatial discretization based on finite differences and a stable B-spline interpolation of deformed quantities. A variety of numerical examples demonstrates the robustness and versatility of the proposed method in applications. For the minimization of the fully discrete energy functional, a variant of the iPALM algorithm is used.
Recurrent Graph Neural Networks for Video Instance Segmentation
Authors: Brissman Emil , Johnander Joakim , Danelljan Martin , Felsberg Michael
Published: November 2022

Video instance segmentation is one of the core problems in computer vision. Formulating a purely learning-based method, which models the generic track management required to solve the video instance segmentation task, is a highly challenging problem. In this work, we propose a novel learning framework where the entire video instance segmentation problem is modeled jointly. To this end, we design a graph neural network that in each frame jointly processes all detections and a memory of previously seen tracks. Past information is considered and processed via a recurrent connection. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comprehensive experiments. Our approach operates online at over 25 FPS and obtains 16.3 AP on the challenging OVIS benchmark, setting a new state-of-the-art. We further conduct detailed ablative experiments that validate the different aspects of our approach. Code is available at https://github.com/emibr948/RGNNVIS-PlusPlus.
The Adolescent Problem Gambling Prevalence Associated with Leisure-Time Activities and Risky Behaviors in Southern Spain
Authors: Moñino-García M. , Ballesta M. , Huerta JM. , Correa-Rodríguez JF. , Cabrera-Castro N. , Llorens N. , Chirlaque-López MD.
Published: November 2022

Gambling addiction is increasing and is becoming a public health concern due to the rise of gambling-related harms affecting the youth. Previous studies suggest a strong link between problem gambling (PG) and substance use and psychosocial and familial factors. Our main objective was to analyze the association between PG and factors like sport, leisure-time activities, and risk-taking behaviors in adolescents. A survey on substance use and addictive behaviors was performed in 2019 on a representative sample of 2240 subjects (14–18 years) from the Southern Spain Region. Data variables like socio-demographic characteristics, sport, leisure and free time activities, family environment, PG (Lie-Bet Scale), compulsive internet use (CIUS Scale), and consumption of alcohol and cannabis were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Weighted PG prevalence was estimated in either sex, as well as the differences between various levels of PG using chi-square tests. Crude and adjusted weighted logistic regression models were used to identify predictors associated with PG. The prevalence of PG was associated with shopping frequency, compulsive internet use, cannabis use in the previous month, higher family economic status, and having a homemaker father which increased the likelihood of PG. On the contrary, cultural hobbies such as playing an instrument, painting, singing, and writing, and having a working mother were inversely associated with PG. Our results suggest that encouraging participation in creative activities along with supervised shopping and monitoring compulsive internet use and cannabis consumption may contribute some protection against adolescent PG.
European Union Cohesion Policy: Socio-Economic Vulnerability of the Regions and the COVID-19 Shock
Authors: Sánchez Angeles , Jiménez-Fernández Eduardo
Published: November 2022

The European Union Cohesion Policy for the period 2021–2027 focuses on five goals to make the European Union smarter, greener, more connected, more social and closer to citizens. However, a macroeconomic index is proposed as the predominant criterion for allocating the Structural Funds among regions. In this paper, we hypothesise that it is possible to take into account new, complementary criteria that better reflect citizens’ quality of life. To that end, we build a composite index of socio-economic vulnerability for the 233 regions. The results show that following our multidimensional approach for allocating the Structural Funds, there are remarkable differences in the maps of priority regions. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic represents a threat to well-being. Are all regions equally exposed to COVID-19 in terms of their socio-economic vulnerability? To address this issue, we estimate multilevel models which indicate that country characteristics interact with regions’ characteristics to alter patterns of vulnerability. More specifically, increases in government expenditures in education and an improvement in political stability would reduce the regional vulnerability or foster the capacity for resilience, whereas increases in poverty would be associated with greater vulnerability. Likewise, more vulnerable regions would be the most exposed to the negative socio-economic effects of COVID-19. However, it is remarkable that several regions of Sweden and Finland would be among the group of regions whose socio-economic vulnerability would be the most negatively affected.
Machine Learning and Non-Affective Psychosis: Identification, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Ferrara Maria , Franchini Giorgia , Funaro Melissa , Cutroni Marcello , Valier Beatrice , Toffanin Tommaso , Palagini Laura , Zerbinati Luigi , Folesani Federica , Murri Martino Belvederi , Caruso Rosangela , Grassi Luigi
Published: November 2022

Purpose of Review

This review will cover the most relevant findings on the use of machine learning (ML) techniques in the field of non-affective psychosis, by summarizing the studies published in the last three years focusing on illness detection and treatment.

Recent Findings

Multiple ML tools that include mostly supervised approaches such as support vector machine, gradient boosting, and random forest showed promising results by applying these algorithms to various sources of data: socio-demographic information, EEG, language, digital content, blood biomarkers, neuroimaging, and electronic health records. However, the overall performance, in the binary classification case, varied from 0.49, which is to be considered very low (i.e., noise), to over 0.90. These results are fully justified by different factors, some of which may be attributable to the preprocessing of the data, the wide variety of the data, and the a-priori setting of hyperparameters. One of the main limitations of the field is the lack of stratification of results based on biological sex, given that psychosis presents differently in men and women; hence, the necessity to tailor identification tools and data analytic strategies.

Timely identification and appropriate treatment are key factors in reducing the consequences of psychotic disorders. In recent years, the emergence of new analytical tools based on artificial intelligence such as supervised ML approaches showed promises as a potential breakthrough in this field. However, ML applications in everyday practice are still in its infancy.
Two Paths of Suture Fixation for Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Devices Under Hysteroscopy
Authors: Huang JinCheng , Jiang SuZhen , Zhang WenJian , Guo Min , Li CuiFen , Liu YanYan
Published: November 2022

For patients with adenomyosis who are treated with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD), is there a better way to keep LNG-IUD from falling off? This paper introduced two ways to suture fixation of LNG-IUD under hysteroscopy. One way was to use the instrument channel in the hysteroscopic cold-knife surgery system (Zhu et al. in Fertil steril 116:1191-1193, 1), and the other way was to enter the uterine cavity from the side of the hysteroscope. A video description of the surgical procedure demonstrates the detailed technique. We sutured the LNG-IUD in two different ways as shown in the video. One method was to suture with a 3 mm needle holder through the operating channel; another option was to suture from the bypass. After the intrauterine suture, the suture needle was pulled out, and the middle part of the thread was tied to the top of the LNG-IUD. The knot was tied with a knot push device, and the hysteroscopy was performed again to determine the position of the knot and LNG-IUD, and the end of the suture was cut 1 cm from the knot. Case 1: A 42-year-old patient, gravida 4, para 2, underwent hysteroscopy 1 year ago due to adenomyosis. Postoperative pathology was endometrial hyperplasia. She was treated with LNG-IUD but unfortunately fell off twice due to cervical insufficiency. Case 2: A 47-year-old patient, gravida 3, para 2, was admitted to LNG-IUD 1 year ago because of adenomyosis, and the volume of menstruation decreased. The LNG-IUD fell off 3 months ago, and the LNG-IUD moved down after re-admission. LNG-IUD was successfully sutured and fixed in the intrauterine cavity in both patients within 30 min. The distending media of these two paths were 4000 ml and 6000 ml, respectively. The mean blood loss was about 5 ml for both patients, and they left the hospital after 2 h of observation. The menstrual volume of these two patients decreased, and the ultrasound showed that the LNG-IUD was in the right position at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. For patients with adenomyosis who have previously lost the LNG-IUD, these two methods of LNG-IUD fixation under hysteroscopy are both reliable to avoid the risk of the LNG-IUD being discharged again. The bypass method for LNG-IUD suture requires only an intrauterine laparoscope, which requires less instrumentation but higher suture skills.
New evidence for a cosmopolitan holothurian species at deep-sea reducing environments
Authors: Thomas Elin A. , Sigwart Julia D. , Helyar Sarah J.
Published: November 2022

The deep-sea holothurian Chiridota heheva Pawson & Vance, 2004 was recently recognised as a cosmopolitan species which exploits the organic enrichment at three types of deep-sea reducing environments: hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, and organic falls. Here, we apply phylogenetic reconstruction and species delimitation approaches using new COI and 12S sequence data to show that C. heheva is genetically congruent with the only other hydrothermal vent holothurian, Chiridota hydrothermica Smirnov & Gebruk, 2000, with strong supporting morphological, ecological, and biogeographical parallels between the two. As such, we propose that C. heheva is a junior synonym of C. hydrothermica, and that subsequent chiridotid holothurians discovered at deep-sea reducing environments likely also belong to this single globally distributed species. As a species endemic to deep-sea reducing environments yet known at sites across the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, this unique holothurian provides an interesting case study for connectivity, biogeography, and speciation in the deep sea, which has important implications for deep-sea conservation planning.
Valacyclovir-associated acute kidney injury and encephalopathy in an elderly woman with normal kidney function: a case report
Authors: Kato Kazufumi , Murakami Reiichi , Shiroto Hiroshi , Nagawa Daiki , Narita-Kinjo Ikuyo , Fujita Takeshi , Shimada Michiko , Tomita Hirofumi
Published: November 2022

A 72-year-old Japanese woman was treated by 3000 mg/day of valacyclovir for the herpes zoster in her left back. She had been treated as hypertension with no renal insufficiency. In two days, she visited an emergency room of a regional stroke care center with dysarthria, dexterity disorder and gait disturbance. Neither head CT nor MRI found intracranial lesions, then, laboratory tests revealed that her serum creatinine level was 4.63 mg/dL. She was transferred and admitted to our hospital on the following day and received hemodialysis under the diagnosis of AKI due to acyclovir accompanied with encephalopathy. Afterward, her serum concentration of acyclovir revealed as 44 μg/mL, which is extremely high. Her neurological symptom disappeared in parallel with the decrease of serum concentration of acyclovir. She received 3 sessions of hemodialysis and discharged on the 8th day of admission with almost normal renal function and no neurological sequela.
The Genus Thionia Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Issidae) in Colombia: Highlighting the Value of Entomological Collections
Authors: Llano-Arias Camilo Andrés , Guevara Giovany , Bartlett Charles R.
Published: November 2022

Entomological collections represent a key source of information about the biological heritage of a country. However, the taxonomy and knowledge of many arthropods from megadiverse countries are underrepresented in these natural history collections as is the case with several planthoppers of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha. Issidae are fulgoromorphs distributed worldwide, except the poles and Greenland. Despite this ubiquity, Colombian planthoppers remain very poorly known and studied. Our objective was to provide the first consolidated records and distributional data for Colombian Issidae. We used reports of the representative genusThioniadeposited in biological collections in Colombia. In addition, we linked voucher specimen information and Olson’s life zones showing an inter-Andean valley and Eastern Andean Cordillera distribution within Colombia. Our survey of Colombian biological collections revealed 55 individuals of the genusThioniaStål, 1859 (53 adults, 2 immatures [nymphs]), which were collected by different methods; however, many of those records may be opportunistic. This genus (and its species) needs further study, with systematic and ecological revision, as is the case with other terrestrial Colombian hemipterans. Our consolidated records represent an advance to the knowledge of Issidae (andThioniaspecifically) for the Neotropics and Colombia in particular, and a baseline for further study of distributional and biogeographic patterns of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha.
Analysis of entropy generation and nonlinear convection on unsteady flow of MHD Prandtl fluid with Soret and Dufour effects
Authors: Asad Sadia , Riaz Shehnila
Published: November 2022

Here the assessment of entropy generation with Soret and Dufour impact in flow of MHD Prandtl fluid along an unsteady stretching surface has been measured. Nonlinear mixed convection and convective conditions for heat/mass transfer are imposed at the surface. The outcome of viscous dissipation and radiation is considered in heat transfer features. The obtained system of nonlinear PDEs is converted to ODEs by consuming dimensionless variables. Resulting systems are solved for the convergent solutions. Impacts of Prandtl fluid parameters, unsteadiness parameter, Soret and Dufour numbers, magnetic parameter, nonlinear thermal and concentration parameter, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, thermal and concentration Biot numbers, ratio of concentration to thermal buoyancy, Eckert number and Schmidt number are addressed. Skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are analyzed graphically. Unsteady parameter $${ \epsilon }$$
ϵ
has reverse behavior on the velocity and temperature profiles, velocity declines while temperature raises. Prandtl fluid parameter $${ \alpha }$$
α
and $${ \beta }$$
β
boost the velocity field. Mixed convection parameter le and N* (ratio of concentration and buoyancy force) enhance the velocity field and resultant boundary layer thickness. Magnetic parameter change its behavior on $$f(\eta )$$

f
(
η
)

$$\theta (\eta )$$

θ
(
η
)

and . Soret/Dufour number enhances the energy flux due to mass transfer rate and mass flux which radically increases the temperature. Far away from the wall entropy generation grows rapidly for greater values of a and b. Magnetic and radiation parameter increase the entropy generation while radiation parameter decreases.
The Athlete Gut Microbiome and its Relevance to Health and Performance: A Review
Authors: O’Brien Marcus T. , O’Sullivan Orla , Claesson Marcus J. , Cotter Paul D.
Published: November 2022

The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that play an important role in human health, influencing functions such as vitamin uptake, digestion and immunomodulation. While research of the gut microbiome has expanded considerably over the past decade, some areas such as the relationship between exercise and the microbiome remain relatively under investigated. Despite this, multiple studies have shown a potential bidirectional relationship between exercise and the gut microbiome, with some studies demonstrating the possibility of influencing this relationship. This, in turn, could provide a useful route to influence athletic performance via microbiome manipulation, a valuable prospect for many elite athletes and their teams. The evidence supporting the potential benefits of pursuing this route and associated future perspectives are discussed in this review.
Is there a place for Bildung in preparing Religious Education teachers to support and promote epistemic justice in their classrooms?
Authors: Stones Alexis , Fraser-Pearce Jo
Published: November 2022

This article draws on an empirical research project in which we explore the roles and understandings of knowledge in Religious Education (RE). Plural understandings of knowledge in schools (and society) lead us to concerns about the relationships between knowledge and social justice. We define epistemic literacy as the capability to recognise, and critically use, different types of knowledge. We also clarify that one’s own relationship with knowledge(s) is significant and is, therefore, important for students and teachers to develop to respond to the epistemically plural RE curriculum and classroom. Drawing on literacy frameworks to identify the need for non-hierarchical conceptualisations of knowledge that include the expert and everyday (Hannam et al., 2020; Shaw, 2019, Vernon 2020), we acknowledge the need for a particular disposition when approaching knowledge about religion and worldviews. Building on the analysis of our empirical study and subsequent developments of epistemic literacy, we revisit the notion of epistemic justice (Fricker, 2007) and present a theoretical justification for the experiential preparation of teachers that draws on Biesta’s (2002) reformed Bildung of encounter and Rawls’ “veil of ignorance” (Rawls, 2005).

What emerges from these reflections on the future of Bildung is, therefore, an image of a learning society conceived as a society in which the real encounters with who and what is other are a constant and continuous possibility.

(Biesta, 2002, p. 350)
A Meta-Analysis of the Genome-Wide Association Studies on Two Genetically Correlated Phenotypes Suggests Four New Risk Loci for Headaches
Authors: Meng Weihua , Reel Parminder S. , Nangia Charvi , Rajendrakumar Aravind Lathika , Hebert Harry L. , Guo Qian , Adams Mark J. , Zheng Hua , Lu Zen Haut ,   23andMe Research Team, Ray Debashree , Colvin Lesley A. , Palmer Colin N. A. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Smith Blair H.
Published: November 2022

Headache is one of the commonest complaints that doctors need to address in clinical settings. The genetic mechanisms of different types of headache are not well understood while it has been suggested that self-reported headache and self-reported migraine were genetically correlated. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on the self-reported headache phenotype from the UK Biobank and the self-reported migraine phenotype from the 23andMe using the Unified Score-based Association Test (metaUSAT) software for genetically correlated phenotypes (N = 397,385). We identified 38 loci for headaches, of which 34 loci have been reported before and four loci were newly suggested. The LDL receptor related protein 1 (LRP1)—Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 (STAT6)—Short chainDehydrogenase/Reductase family 9C member 7 (SDR9C7) region in chromosome 12 was the most significantly associated locus with a leading p value of 1.24 × 10–62 of rs11172113. The One Cut homeobox 2 (ONECUT2) gene locus in chromosome 18 was the strongest signal among the four new loci with a p value of 1.29 × 10–9 of rs673939. Our study demonstrated that the genetically correlated phenotypes of self-reported headache and self-reported migraine can be meta-analysed together in theory and in practice to boost study power to identify more variants for headaches. This study has paved way for a large GWAS meta-analysis involving cohorts of different while genetically correlated headache phenotypes.
Susan Stebbing
Authors: Janssen-Lauret Frederique
Published: November 2022

Susan Stebbing (1885–1943), the UK's first female professor of philosophy, was a key figure in the development of analytic philosophy. Stebbing wrote the world's first accessible book on the new polyadic logic and its philosophy. She made major contributions to the philosophy of science, metaphysics, philosophical logic, critical thinking and applied philosophy. Nonetheless she has remained largely neglected by historians of analytic philosophy. This Element provides a thorough yet accessible overview of Stebbing's positive, original contributions, including her solution to the paradox of analysis, her account of the relation of sense data to physical objects, and her anti- idealist interpretation of the new Einsteinian physics. Stebbing's innovative work in these and other areas helped move analytic philosophy from its early phase to its middle period.
When Governments Lobby Governments
Authors: Zhang Youlang
Published: November 2022

Why are some subnational governments more likely to lobby the national government than others? Extant research in social sciences has widely discussed lobbying dynamics in the private sector. However, governments lobby governments, too. In the United States, lobbying is a popular strategy for state and local governments to obtain resources from and influence policies in the federal government. Nevertheless, extant research offers limited theoretical analysis or empirical evidence on this phenomenon. This Element provides a comprehensive study of intergovernmental lobbying activities in the United States and, in particular, an institutional analysis of the lobbying decisions of state and local governments. The study findings contribute to public administration, public policy, and political science literature by offering theoretical and empirical insights into the institutional factors that might influence subnational policymaking, fiscal resource management, intergovernmental relations, and democratic representation.
Staging Haiti in Nineteenth-Century America
Authors: Reed Peter
Published: November 2022

American culture maintained a complicated relationship with Haiti from its revolutionary beginnings onward. In this study, Peter P. Reed reveals how Americans embodied and re-enacted their connections to Haiti through a wide array of performance forms. In the wake of Haiti's slave revolts in the 1790s, generations of actors, theatre professionals, spectators, and commentators looked to Haiti as a source of both inspiring freedom and vexing disorder. French colonial refugees, university students, Black theatre stars, blackface minstrels, abolitionists, and even writers such as Herman Melville all reinvented and restaged Haiti in distinctive ways. Reed demonstrates how Haiti's example of Black freedom and national independence helped redefine American popular culture, as actors and audiences repeatedly invoked and suppressed Haiti's revolutionary narratives, characters, and themes. Ultimately, Haiti shaped generations of performances, transforming America's understandings of race, power, freedom, and violence in ways that still reverberate today.
Music at Social Meals in Greek and Roman Antiquity
Authors: Cosgrove Charles H.
Published: November 2022

This is a captivating story of music-making at social recreations from Homeric times to the age of Augustine. It tells about the music itself and its purposes, as well as the ways in which people talked about it, telling anecdotes, picturing musical scenes, sometimes debating what kind of music was right at a party or a festival. In straightforward and engaging prose, the author covers a remarkably broad history, providing the big picture yet with vivid and nuanced descriptions of concrete practices and events. We hear of music at aristocratic parties, club music, people's music-making at festivals, political uses of music at the court of Alexander the Great and in the public banquets of Roman emperors in the Colosseum, opinions of music-making at social meals from Plato to Clement of Alexandria, and much more, making the book a treasure-trove of information and a fascinating journey through ancient times and places.
Freud's Interpretation of Dreams
Authors: Sugarman Susan
Published: November 2022

Freud always regarded The Interpretation of Dreams, and in particular its thesis that dreams fulfill wishes, as his landmark contribution and the scaffolding of his subsequent work. Susan Sugarman, after carefully examining the text and scrutinizing a range of Freud's other works, shows that the dreams book is not and cannot be that scaffolding. For, not only does his argument on dreams falter, but his reasoning elsewhere – in his case histories, his accounts of phenomena of ordinary waking life, and even his avowedly speculative writing – displays a strength and precision his account of dreams lacks. She concludes by exploring what is then left of the dreams theory and Freud's overall vision of the mind.
Procreative Justice Reconceived
Authors: DAVIS EMMALON
Published: November 2022

This paper reconsiders Tommie Shelby's (2016) analysis of procreation in poor black communities. I identify three conceptual frames within which Shelby situates his analysis—feminization, choice-as-control, and moralization. I argue that these frames should be rejected on conceptual, empirical, and moral grounds. As I show, this framing engenders a flawed understanding of poor black women's procreative lives. I propose an alternative framework for reconceiving the relationship between poverty and procreative justice, one oriented around reproductive flourishing instead of reproductive responsibility. More generally, the paper develops a methodological challenge for nonideal moral and political philosophy, especially concerning the obligations of the oppressed. Specifically, I argue that in the absence of descriptive and conceptual accountability, the moral gaze of the philosopher risks preserving, rather than destabilizing, oppressive ideologies.
Ten ways to make the most of World Antimicrobial Awareness Week
Authors: Langford Bradley J. , Matson Kelly L. , Eljaaly Khalid , Apisarnthanarak Anucha , Bailey Pamela L. , MacMurray Lindsay , Marra Alexandre R. , Simonsen Kari A. , Sreeramoju Pranavi , Nori Priya , Bearman Gonzalo M.
Published: November 2022

One fundamental strategy to address the public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is improved awareness among the public, prescribers, and policy makers with the aim of engaging these groups to act. World Antimicrobial Awareness Week is an opportunity for concerted and consistent communication regarding practical strategies to prevent and mitigate AMR. We highlight 10 ways for antimicrobial stewards to make the most of World Antimicrobial Awareness Week.