bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Labour Productivity, Work Experience, Age and Education: The Case of Lurik Weaving Industry in Klaten, Indonesia
Authors: Setiadi Pompong B. , Ursula Ratna , ti Rismawa , Setini Made
Published: December 2020

The study of productivity effects of changes in education, work experience, and age of labor force is of paramount importance because it has a direct impact on high and low performers among organizations. However, there is a significant gap in studies on exploring the quality of such work-life in Indonesia. This study seeks to analyze 1) the productivity effects of changes in education and age of the labor sector; 2) the productivity effect of work experience; and (4) the productivity effects of wages on craftsmen's lurik weaving fabric in Klaten district of Indonesia. The results drawn from this study show that 1) the level of education has significant effects on labor productivity; 2) the age composition of the labor force has a significant impact on productivity; 3) work experience can make a significant influence on labor productivity though it has a negative value; and 4) work wages cannot significantly influence on labor productivity.
Divorce on grounds of discord: Did the Moroccan family law reform bring the guarantee of divorce for women? An ethnographic perspective on the changing landscape of divorce. The Mudawwana a decade on
Authors: Nössing Elisabeth
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the new divorce on grounds of discord procedure (taṭlīq li-š-šiqāq) within the context of the Moroccan family law reform of 2004. Literature available in English and French has, so far, focused primarily on the improvements the Moroccan family law reform has brought in regard to women’s rights. The reform is considered one of the most progressive legislative projects in the MENA region and a milestone for gender equality, notably the reform of divorce law. Divorce on grounds of discord was seen as the long-awaited divorce guarantee for women. However, legal scholars maintained that case law jeopardised the divorce guarantee. This legal-anthropological study is informed by fieldwork at the family court in Rabat, as well as official statistics, case law and the standard legal commentary. It aims to scrutinise how divorce on grounds of divorce is put into practice by the judiciary, how Moroccan men and women make use of it and how changes on a procedural and institutional level affect the implementation of the new divorce procedure. My empirical findings show that divorce on grounds of discord effectively guarantees Moroccan women’s right to divorce. Well beyond the discussion on women’s rights in divorce, I will demonstrate that, within a decade, divorce on grounds of discord developed into a standard divorce procedure for both men and women across socio-economical milieus and age groups.
Breach of the Mandatory Bid Rule: Minority Shareholders’ Protection in the Public vs. Private Enforcement Debate
Authors: Agstner Peter , Mascheroni Davide Marchesini
Published: December 2020

The mandatory takeover bid has been broadly investigated in the literature. The economics of such control acquisition and the pros and cons of the mandatory bid rule are nowadays well-established. Uncertainty still reigns with respect to the fundamental question whether private law remedies are available to minority shareholders in the case of a breach of the duty to make a takeover bid. Statutory law across Member States is essentially silent on this matter, and at a supranational level the CJEU’s case law does not offer valid precedents. European policymakers rely on public enforcement mechanisms, while an action for damages against the bidder is not made available or only reluctantly accepted by the courts. Italy is an outlier, allowing today – after the consolidation of the principles expressed in the leading case Fondiaria-SAI – the recourse to private enforcement remedies. This article shows that, for the purpose of good functioning and competitiveness of capital markets, private enforcement plays an important role against violations of the mandatory bid rules. Thus, public enforcement, which often proved to be ineffective or bypassed especially in cases of acting in concert, should be complemented by the recognition of civil liability of the bidder for breach of the duty to launch a takeover bid. Furthermore, the legal regime of such liability is outlined, thereby investigating the (contractual or tortious) nature of the bidder’s liability and the operativeness of such a regime (e. g., amount of damages, application of compensatio lucro cum damno rule).
DOE Application for Analysis of Tribological Properties of the Al2O3/IF-WS2 Surface Layers
Authors: Korzekwa Joanna , Fal Michał , Gądek-Moszczak Aneta
Published: December 2020

The article presents the effect of the processing parameters on tribological properties of aluminum oxide coatings Al2O3 doped with fullerene-like tungsten disulfide (IF-WS2) by design of experiment (DOE). Anodic oxidation of aluminum alloy was carried out in a ternary solution of SAS (sulfuric, adipic and oxalic acids) with IF-WS2. The thickness, geometric structure of the surface (SGP) and the tribological properties such as friction coefficient of tribological pair: Al2O3/IF-WS2 with polieteroeteroketon filled with graphite, carbon fiber and PTFE (named PEEK/BG) were investigated. The influence of electrolysis time and temperature on the tribological properties of coatings was studied using 2
k
factorial design. The stabilization of the friction coefficient indicates generation of steady anti-wear and anti-seizure Al2O3/IF-WS2 oxide coatings. DOE suggest i.e. high positive correlation between oxide thickness and time and temperature of the anodizing process.
On the finiteness of solutions for polynomial-factorial Diophantine equations
Authors: Takeda Wataru
Published: December 2020

We study the Diophantine equations obtained by equating a polynomial and the factorial function, and prove the finiteness of integer solutions under certain conditions. For example, we show that there exist only finitely many l such that

l
!

{l!}

is represented by

N
A

⁢

(
x
)

{N_{A}(x)}

, where

N
A

{N_{A}}

is a norm form constructed from the field norm of a field extension

K
/
𝐐

{K/\mathbf{Q}}

.
We also deal with the equation

N
A

⁢

(
x
)

=

l
!

S

{N_{A}(x)=l!_{S}}

, where

l
!

S

{l!_{S}}

is the Bhargava factorial. In this paper, we also show that the Oesterlé–Masser conjecture implies that for any infinite subset S of

𝐙

{\mathbf{Z}}

and for any polynomial

P
⁢

(
x
)

∈

𝐙
⁢

[
x
]

{P(x)\in\mathbf{Z}[x]}

of degree 2 or more the equation

P
⁢

(
x
)

=

l
!

S

{P(x)=l!_{S}}

has only finitely many solutions

(
x
,
l
)

{(x,l)}

. For some special infinite subsets S of

𝐙

{\mathbf{Z}}

, we can show the finiteness of solutions for the equation

P
⁢

(
x
)

=

l
!

S

{P(x)=l!_{S}}

unconditionally.
Features of terraces and the incision rate along the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River east of Namche Barwa: Constraints on tectonic uplift
Authors: Xie Chao , Zhou Bengang , Li Zhengfang , Yang Fan , Pang Wei , Li Wei
Published: December 2020

Along the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, scattered alluvium sections appear on T1 and T2 terraces. The alluvial deposits on the T1 terrace in Linduo and Ximogou and the T2 terrace in Guoguotang are composed principally of coarse-grained sand particles and rock fragments, with no observable fine-grained components. The T1 terrace alluvium section is dominated by clay and silt and occurs near the town of Dexing, and optically stimulated luminescence dating of sample from this site revealed an age of 18.2 kyear, which indicates that the incision rate of the Yarlung Zangbo River has been 4.7 mm/year since the formation of this section. On the basis of the component characteristics of terraces in Motuo County, the provenance for the terraces is probably related to the breaking of the palaeo-dammed lakes in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River. A 430 m elevation difference still exists between the study area and the local base level downstream of the Yalung Zangbo River (Assam Plain), although this river has a strong incision capability (4.7 mm/year), which suggests that tectonic uplift remains very intense east of the Namche Barwa syntaxis.
Border troubles. Some uncertainties of legal transfer
Authors: Messner Claudius
Published: December 2020

Issues of production, translation and transformation of texts are explored in the light of the differences between modern Western legal thought and Chinese views of legal rationality. Contemporary Chinese culture is often viewed with suspicion. On the one hand, Chinese thinking is mistrusted as influenced by the Confucian world view regarded as deeply irrational. On the other hand, China’s economical practises are often suspected of mere reproducing and copying. This paper is concerned neither with alleged or factual deficiencies of China’s legal rationality nor with violations of “intellectual property” or other rights or the governmental policies of the People’s Republic of China. My interest is the fact that accusation and concern for the Chinese practises of creation and transformation by copying and cloning seem to hit the nerve of Western modernity’s cult of authenticity. The very problem, the paper suggests, is our modern relation to the other and to the others. I will argue this in three steps: the first part starts from a discussion of ‘shanzhai’, the Chinese neologism pointing to alternative ways of production, before analysing the Western scandalization of plagiarism; drawing upon studies from various disciplines, specific aspects of writing and scripture, such as the the differentiation between real text and fiction, the idea of authentic speaking and the distinction between textual and functional equivalents, are explored. The second part is first about the role of truth and truthfulness in modern Western art and philosophy, then about the interpenetration of wisdom and cunning in ancient Greek and Chinese thought. The final part addresses the relation of reasonable knowledge and instrumental rationality in legal thinking. The Chinese notion of ‘quan’, law, is described as a jurisgenetic path of law. Against this background, open questions associated with legal “transplants” come to the fore.
Linguistic norm in legal language and legislative language – The issue of codification
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Marta
Published: December 2020

This article analyses the linguistic norms found within legal and legislative language and their implementation. It attempts to answer the following questions: is there a common scope for the use of linguistic norms in general language and legislative language, what can form the basis for resolving issues of correctness in legal and legislative language and is a codification of the linguistic norms for legislative language necessary? The discrepancies observed between normative standards and linguistic practise raise the issue of the need to codify linguistic norms within legal and legislative language. In this article, I hypothesise the need to elaborate a source for codifying the norms of legal and legislative language.
An educational intervention to promote civility in nursing: a pilot study
Authors: Murray Robin Elaine
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Nursing students are ill equipped to handle uncivil situations in the workplace. The purpose of this project was to determine if providing students with education about identifying and addressing incivility would alter how students perceived their ability to recognize and address uncivil situations when encountered.

Methods

This pre–post-test comparative pilot study used the Generalized Self Efficacy Scale along with The Confidence Scale to measure student self-efficacy and confidence before and after the receipt of educational interventions on recognizing and addressing uncivil behaviors.

Results

The statistical analysis reveals an increase in both self-efficacy and confidence scores in recognizing and addressing uncivil behaviors following the educational interventions (p=0.000, p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Educating pre-licensure nursing students about incivility increases self-efficacy and confidence levels in pre-licensure nursing students to recognize and address uncivil behaviors when encountered.
Identity, Memory, and the Transitional Landscape: Public History in the Context of Transitional Justice
Authors: Hettiarachchi Radhika , Santhiago Ricardo
Published: December 2020

This special issue explores the intersection between transitional justice and public history. It presents some of the key claims, concerns, and debates within the field. As a key component of the “reparations pillar” within the transitional justice milieu, critiques of the concept of memorialization as public history are reviewed from both academia and field examples. Particular attention is paid to current debates within the field on truth-telling, erasure, revisionism, and manipulation of historical narratives to legitimize emerging political ideologies in transitional settings. While previous edited special sections of the journal may have provided more rigorous theorizations of public history as a discipline, this issue focuses on a critical conceptual examination of where public history collides with reconciliation, reparation, peacebuilding, and justice issues. It includes contributions on the praxis of localized processes of memorialization, historical revisionism, personal and political experiences, and populist ideologies, in order to explore more clearly the use of public history in contexts currently identified with “transitional justice.”
Reproductive potential of the male (RPM): the computer database of phenotypic and molecular genetic data for Russian men with impaired and normal fertility
Authors: Bogomolov Anton , Osadchuk Alexander , Osadchuk Ludmila
Published: December 2020

Currently, a trend of decline in male fertility is observed all over the world. The study of this trend has not only of scientific, but also of socio-economic importance. Many countries conduct studies of male reproductive potential and search environmental and genetic causes of the mentioned phenomenon. Previously published studies have not included data on the Russian male population. This work presents novel database “Reproductive Potential of the Male population of Russia” (RPM), which is almost the only source of such information about Russia. RPM was created using relational database management system MariaDB and is available at www.sysbio.ru/rpm. The database includes reproductive information of 1390 male volunteers from five large cities of Russia: Arkhangelsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Ulan-Ude and Yakutsk. The important feature of the developed database is the unique data of a multifactorial measurement of male fertility: spermatogenic, hormonal, metabolic and anthropological indices. The scientists can use published information in their studies of male reproductive potential as data of some Russian regions and compare it with data from other countries. Also the published data can be used to identify markers of infertility and subfertility, as well as to study ethnic and regional trends in fertility variability and demographic risks in Russia.
Trends in abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents, 1993–2015
Authors: Ma Shujing , Hou Dongqing , Zhang Yanqing , Yang Liu , Sun Jiahong , Zhao Min , Magnussen Costan G. , Xi Bo
Published: December 2020

Objectives

The prevalence of general overweight and obesity defined by body mass index criteria has greatly increased in Chinese children and adolescents in recent decades. However, few studies have considered the trend in abdominal obesity in Chinese children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the secular trends in waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years from 1993 to 2015.

Methods

A total of 11,985 children and adolescents aged 6–17 years participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a continuous cross-sectional survey, conducted from 1993 to 2015. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC≥age- and sex-specific 90th percentile based on the reference from Chinese children and adolescents or WHtR≥0.50.

Results

After adjustment for age, sex and region, mean WC increased from 60.27 cm in 1993 to 64.31 cm in 2015 (p for trend <0.001), and mean WHtR increased from 0.430 to 0.434 (p for trend <0.05). The prevalence of abdominal obesity defined by WC reference increased from 5.0% in 1993 to 19.3% in 2015 and defined by WHtR reference increased from 6.4% in 1993 to 14.5% in 2015 (p for trend <0.001).

Conclusions

The prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years has increased between 1993 and 2015.
Extended growth charts for Indian children
Authors: Khadikar Vaman , Khadilkar Anuradha V. , Lohiya Nikhil N. , Karguppikar Madhura B.
Published: December 2020

Objectives

While growth charts depicting 7 percentile lines for height and weight are useful for healthcare workers and pediatricians, endocrinologists need indication-specific z score cutoffs to plan investigations and treatment. The current Indian charts do not offer lower percentile/z scores (−2.25, −2.5, and −3 z score) lines. Also, increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity necessitates a quick screening of nutritional status without calculations while using the same growth chart. Our objectives were to produce extended and user-friendly growth charts for 0–18-year-old Indian children that depict −2.25, −2.5, and −3 z score height lines in addition to the standard 7 lines and to add a quick BMI assessment tool as an inset.

Methods

LMS values from IAP 2015 growth charts (5–18 years) and WHO 2006 MGRS charts (<5 years) were used to generate −2.25, −2.5, and −3 z score height lines (1.2, 0.6, and 0.1 percentiles, respectively) from 0–18 year for boys and girls. These newly generated lines were added to standard 7 (3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 97) percentile lines for height charts. In addition, modified BMI quick screening tool was incorporated as an inset.

Results

The extended height charts (with 10 lines), standard (7 lines) weight charts, and quick BMI assessment tool are presented in a single unified chart for use by endocrinologists.

Conclusions

These charts will help in defining specific height z score cutoffs as well as screen for overweight and obesity without any calculations in Asian Indian children.
LncRNA ATXN8OS enhances tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Hongkai , Zhang Jianni , Dong Lining , Ma Rong
Published: December 2020

Background

Tamoxifen (TAMR) resistance remains a massive obstacle for breast cancer (BC) management. The precise parts of long non-coding RNA ataxin 8 opposite strand (ATXN8OS) in BC TAMR resistance have not been defined.

Methods

The levels of ATXN8OS, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and miR-16-5p were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Colony formation and cell viability were analyzed by MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. Targeted interactions among miR-16-5p, ATXN8OS, and VASP were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Animal studies were performed to observe the role of ATXN8OS in TAMR sensitivity in vivo.

Results

ATXN8OS expression was increased in BC tissues and cells. ATXN8OS depletion promoted BC cell sensitivity to TAMR. ATXN8OS sequestered miR-16-5p by directly binding to miR-16-5p. The promotional effect of ATXN8OS knockdown on BC cell TAMR sensitivity was mediated by miR-16-5p. VASP was a direct target of miR-16-5p, and miR-16-5p overexpression enhanced TAMR sensitivity by VASP. Moreover, ATXN8OS regulated VASP expression by acting as a miR-16-5p sponge. In addition, ATXN8OS knockdown augmented BC TAMR sensitivity in vivo.

Conclusion

ATXN8OS knockdown enhanced BC TAMR sensitivity partially through the miR-16-5p/VASP axis, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for improving the clinical benefits of TAMR treatment in BC patients.
Reconstructing The Moore-Gibson-Thompson Equation
Authors: Al-Khulaifi Waled , Boumenir Amin
Published: December 2020

We are concerned with the inverse problem of recovering a third order Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation from a single observation of its solution at an arbitrary point. We show how to reconstruct its three unknown parameters and the memory kernel by using the Laplace transform.
Digital nanophotonics: the highway to the integration of subwavelength-scale photonics
Authors: Huang Jie , Ma Hansi , Chen Dingbo , Yuan Huan , Zhang Jinping , Li Zikang , Han Jingmin , Wu Jiagui , Yang Junbo
Published: December 2020

Nanophotonic devices with high densities are extremely attractive because they can potentially merge photonics and electronics at the nanoscale. However, traditional integrated photonic circuits are designed primarily by manually selecting parameters or employing semi-analytical models. Limited by the small parameter search space, the designed nanophotonic devices generally have a single function, and the footprints reach hundreds of microns. Recently, novel ultra-compact nanophotonic devices with digital structures were proposed. By applying inverse design algorithms, which can search the full parameter space, the proposed devices show extremely compact footprints of a few microns. The results from many groups imply that digital nanophotonics can achieve not only ultra-compact single-function devices but also miniaturized multi-function devices and complex functions such as artificial intelligence operations at the nanoscale. Furthermore, to balance the performance and fabrication tolerances of such devices, researchers have developed various solutions, such as adding regularization constraints to digital structures. We believe that with the rapid development of inverse design algorithms and continuous improvements to the nanofabrication process, digital nanophotonics will play a key role in promoting the performance of nanophotonic integration. In this review, we uncover the exciting developments and challenges in this field, analyse and explore potential solutions to these challenges and provide comments on future directions in this field.
Expedited circular dichroism prediction and engineering in two-dimensional diffractive chiral metamaterials leveraging a powerful model-agnostic data enhancement algorithm
Authors: Du Shiyin , You Jie , Zhang Jun , Tao Zilong , Hao Hao , Tang Yuhua , Zheng Xin , Jiang Tian
Published: December 2020

A model-agnostic data enhancement (MADE) algorithm is proposed to comprehensively investigate the circular dichroism (CD) properties in the higher-order diffracted patterns of two-dimensional (2D) chiral metamaterials possessing different parameters. A remarkable feature of MADE algorithm is that it leverages substantially less data from a target problem and some training data from another already solved topic to generate a domain adaptation dataset, which is then used for model training at no expense of abundant computational resources. Specifically, nine differently shaped 2D chiral metamaterials with different unit period and one special sample containing multiple chiral parameters are both studied utilizing the MADE algorithm where three machine learning models (i.e, artificial neural network, random forest regression, support vector regression) are applied. The conventional rigorous coupled wave analysis approach is adopted to capture CD responses of these metamaterials and then assist the training of MADE, while the additional training data are obtained from our previous work. Significant evaluations regarding optical chirality in 2D metamaterials possessing various shape, unit period, width, bridge length, and separation length are performed in a fast, accurate, and data-friendly manner. The MADE framework introduced in this work is extremely important for the large-scale, efficient design of 2D diffractive metamaterials and more advanced photonic devices.
First recorded bloom of Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) from the Cochin backwaters, a tropical estuarine system along the South Eastern Arabian Sea
Authors: Sathish Twinkle , Thomas Lathika Cicily , Aishwarya  , Benny Niya , Padmakumar K.B.
Published: December 2020

Akashiwo sanguinea, a cosmopolitan red tide-forming dinoflagellate, is reported for the first time as a bloom from the Cochin estuary along the South Eastern Arabian Sea. Monthly sampling showed the continuous presence of A. sanguinea with occasional blooms. Blooms of A. sanguinea with the highest abundance of 2.8 × 105 cells l−1 were observed during the monsoon season (June 2019) with chlorophyll a of 17.2 mg m−3. The bloom period was characterized by higher concentrations of nitrate (26 μmol l−1) and phosphate (3.8 μmol l−1). Routine monitoring of the bloom region showed the survival of the Akashiwo sanguinea population in the temperature (26 to 30°C) and salinity (22 to 24 PSU) range indicating its eurythermal and euryhaline characteristics.
Stock Market Volatility and Terrorism: New Evidence from the Markov Switching Model
Authors: Aslam Faheem , Kang Hyoung-Goo , Mughal Khurrum Shahzad , Awan Tahir Mumtaz , Mohmand Yasir Tariq
Published: December 2020

Terrorism in Pakistan poses a significant risk towards the lives of people by violent destruction and physical damage. In addition to human loss, such catastrophic activities also affect the financial markets. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of terrorism on the volatility of the Pakistan stock market. The financial impact of 339 terrorist attacks for a period of 18 years (2000–2018) is estimated w.r.t. target type, days of the week, and surprise factor. Three important macroeconomic variables namely exchange rate, gold, and oil were also considered. The findings of the EGARCH (1, 1) model revealed that the terrorist attacks targeting the security forces and commercial facilities significantly increased the stock market volatility. The significant impact of terrorist attacks on Monday, Tuesday, and Thursday confirms the overreaction of investors to terrorist news. Furthermore, the results confirmed the negative linkage between the surprise factor and stock market returns. The findings of this study have significant implications for investors and policymakers.
Tell me more! Assessing interactions with social robots from speech
Authors: Laban Guy , George Jean-Noël , Morrison Val , Cross Emily S.
Published: December 2020

As social robots are increasingly introduced into health interventions, one potential area where they might prove valuable is in supporting people’s psychological health through conversation. Given the importance of self-disclosure for psychological health, this study assessed the viability of using social robots for eliciting rich disclosures that identify needs and emotional states in human interaction partners. Three within-subject experiments were conducted with participants interacting with another person, a humanoid social robot, and a disembodied conversational agent (voice assistant). We performed a number of objective evaluations of disclosures to these three agents via speech content and voice analyses and also probed participants’ subjective evaluations of their disclosures to three agents. Our findings suggest that participants overall disclose more to humans than artificial agents, that agents’ embodiment influences disclosure quantity and quality, and that people are generally aware of differences in their personal disclosures to three agents studied here. Together, the findings set the stage for further investigation into the psychological underpinnings of self-disclosures to artificial agents and their potential role in eliciting disclosures as part of mental and physical health interventions.
Konsum von und Einstellungen zu nicht-verschriebenen aber verschreibungspflichtigen Mitteln zur Leistungssteigerung und Beruhigung bei Studierenden an acht deutschen Hochschulen
Authors: Helmer Stefanie M. , Czwikla Gesa , Pischke Claudia R. , Zeeb für das INSIST-Konsortium Hajo
Published: December 2020

Der Konsum von nicht-verschriebenen aber verschreibungspflichtigen Mitteln zur akademischen Leistungssteigerung (NVVML) und von Schlaf- und Beruhigungsmitteln (NVVSB) unter Studierenden ist ein bedeutendes Public Health-Problem. Im Rahmen der INSIST-Studie berichteten 3,7% der Studierenden aus acht Hochschulen in Deutschland jemals in ihrem Leben NVVML, während 6,8% berichteten, jemals NVVSB eingenommen zu haben. Der Großteil der Studierenden missbilligte den nicht-verschriebenen Konsum beider Substanzen.
„Pills & Powders“: Partydrogen und Prävention
Authors: Nunes Sonia
Published: December 2020

Die aktive Teilhabe am Nachtleben kann als Herausforderung für die Gesundheit angesehen werden. Neben Alkohol gehört auch der Konsum illegaler Partydrogen, wie Cannabis oder Ecstasy, für viele Jugendliche zum Feiern dazu. Gleichzeitig sind andere Wege in der Ansprache dieser Zielgruppe erforderlich, da junge Partygänger kaum von den Angeboten der klassischen Suchthilfe erreicht werden. Hierbei haben sich akzeptanzorientierte Präventionsangebote – wie z.B. MINDZONE - bewährt, die direkt in der Partyszene den Kontakt zu den jugendlichen Adressaten aufnehmen.
Evaluation of promethium-147 production as a by-product of the fission molybdenum-99 process in Tehran research reactor
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Ehsan , Ghannadi-Maragheh Mohammad , Bahrami-Samani Ali , Shirvani-Arani Simindokht
Published: December 2020

Molybdenum-99 and some other fission products such as promethium-147 are formed by the fission of 235U. Applying an efficient separation approach, the 147Pm can be isolated. The production of 147Pm as a by-product of previously optimized conditions for fission molybdenum-99 process is precisely evaluated. Considering the numerous radionuclides with various half-lives accompanying the 147Pm as impurities, a precise time window can be determined to perform an efficient separation process. The fission products activity calculations, using MCNPX and ORIGEN2.1 computer codes, were performed to achieve such a proper time window. Here, it is shown that 300 days after the end of bombardment (EOB), the radioactivity of the other radionuclides is reduced to 1% of 147Pm radioactivity. The chemical process needed to separate the remaining radionuclides is then explained in detail.
Nurses’ attitude toward spiritual care – a scoping review
Authors: Zumstein-Shaha Maya
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the nurses’ attitude toward spirituality and spiritual care is explored. Spirituality constitutes a widely discussed topic in nursing and several guidelines have emerged. However, spirituality remains contentious and spiritual care is rarely provided on a regular basis. Inquiring into nurses’ attitudes toward spirituality and spiritual care can be illuminating to improve the current situation. A scoping review according to Whittemore & Knafl (2005) was conducted in the databases Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as a hand search. A total of 42 publications from between 2000 and 2019 were identified, and critically appraised using reporting guidelines. For nurses, spirituality is necessary. Spirituality is inherent in nursing. Fears and apprehensions exist about addressing spirituality in nursing practice and providing spiritual care for patients. Ambiguous attitudes toward spirituality, lack of education and adequate language to address spirituality, limited recognition and lack of adequate structures are all contributing factors to these fears. Although spirituality is considered an important aspect of nursing, several impeding factors prevent addressing it in practice. Reflective practice, education and supporting structures promoting recognition are needed to improve the situation.
Die Zurechnung von Aufsichtsratswissen
Authors: Nietsch Michael
Published: December 2020

Die Wissenszurechnung bei juristischen Personen hat in der jüngeren Rechtsprechung und Literatur gesteigerte Aufmerksamkeit erfahren. Im Vordergrund steht dabei das Wissen der Vertretungsorgane bzw. sog. Wissensvertreter. In Bezug auf den Aufsichtsrat der AG ist das Thema dagegen nach wie vor nur wenig aufgearbeitet. Zwar hat der XI. Zivilsenat des BGH in der praktisch wichtigen Frage der Wirkung von Verschwiegenheitspflichten im Konzern für Klarheit gesorgt. Das dem vorgelagerte Grundsatzproblem, nämlich die Bewertung von Kenntnissen einzelner Aufsichtsratsmitglieder oder des Gremiums als Zurechnungstatbestand, bleibt allerdings weithin ungeklärt. Der vorliegende Beitrag führt die dazu an unterschiedlichen Stellen vorhandenen Diskussionsansätze zusammen und legt dar, weswegen der Aufsichtsrat im Informationsmanagement der AG eine deutlich wichtigere Stellung hat als bisher angenommen. Daraus leitet sich ab, unter welchen Voraussetzungen und in welchem Umfang eine Wissenszurechnung im Außenverhältnis in Betracht kommt, welcher Zeitpunkt hierfür maßgeblich ist und wie sich Schranken der Informationsweitergabe dabei auswirken.
30 Jahre „Baustoff-Entscheidung“ und ihre Relevanz für die Organaußenhaftung von heute
Authors: Dieckmann Andreas
Published: December 2020

Das sog. Baustoff-Urteil aus dem Jahr 1989 gilt selbst heute noch, nach 30 Jahren, als das „große Schreckgespenst der Organaußenhaftung“ (Bachmann). Ziel des Beitrags ist es, im Gegensatz zu dieser allgemein vorherrschenden Sichtweise die wegweisende und immer noch ungeminderte zentrale Bedeutung dieser BGH-Entscheidung für die Organwalterhaftung aufzuzeigen.
In a Landscape
Authors: Thompson MJ
Published: December 2020

A residency on the coast inspires reflections on the view. How has the shoreline “view” been compromised by private interest? What happens when the need to gaze deeply into epic nature, to get lost in the scale and beauty of the shore, is no longer accessible? How can popular forms of education push back and build environmental consciousness? If climate change is about aesthetic devastation as much as toxicity, resource depletion, and colonialism, then the shoreline offers a reflexive site through which to reconsider views of the land and to argue for democratic access.
Is Citizenship Dead?
Authors: Anderson Lisa
Published: December 2020

Globalization has eroded borders, fostered mobility, and deepened inequality virtually everywhere. The waning of the state as the world’s default political unit has had myriad consequences; among the most challenging may be the simultaneous expansion of supranational norms of human rights and contraction of legal, enforceable citizenship. The upheavals of the Arab Spring provided eloquent testimony to both the appeal of rights-based political discourse, as protesters across the region called for “bread, freedom, and social justice,” and the catastrophic consequences of reliance on weakened and ineffectual states to enforce such rights. The baleful landscape of the Middle East today suggests a warning for the rest of the world: enfeebled states may herald the demise of universal human rights.
hnRNPLL controls pluripotency exit of embryonic stem cells by modulating alternative splicing of Tbx3 and Bptf
Authors: Wang Xue , Ping Changyun , Tan Puwen , Sun Chenguang , Liu Guang , Liu Tao , Yang Shuchun , Si Yanmin , Zhao Lijun , Hu Yongfei , Jia Yuyan , Wang Xiaoshuang , Zhang Meili , Wang Fang , Wang Dong , Yu Jia , Ma Yanni , Huang Yue
Published: December 2020

The regulatory circuitry underlying embryonic stem (ES) cell self‐renewal is well defined, but how this circuitry is disintegrated to enable lineage specification is unclear. RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) have essential roles in RNA‐mediated gene regulation, and preliminary data suggest that they might regulate ES cell fate. By combining bioinformatic analyses with functional screening, we identified seven RBPs played important roles for the exit from pluripotency of ES cells. We characterized hnRNPLL, which mainly functions as a global regulator of alternative splicing in ES cells. Specifically, hnRNPLL promotes multiple ES cell‐preferred exon skipping events during the onset of ES cell differentiation. hnRNPLL depletion thus leads to sustained expression of ES cell‐preferred isoforms, resulting in a differentiation deficiency that causes developmental defects and growth impairment in hnRNPLL‐KO mice. In particular, hnRNPLL‐mediated alternative splicing of two transcription factors, Bptf and Tbx3, is important for pluripotency exit. These data uncover the critical role of RBPs in pluripotency exit and suggest the application of targeting RBPs in controlling ES cell fate.
The dual role of RFX6 in directing β cell development and insulin production
Authors: Lu Jing , Cheng Cheng , Cheng Zhen-Chao , Wu Qian , Shen Han , Yuan Ming-xia , Zhang Bo , Yang Jin-Kui
Published: December 2020

RFX6 transcription factor is believed to play a central role in directing cell development of insulin-producing pancreatic islet. RFX6 homozygous mutations cause syndromic neonatal diabetes with hypoplastic pancreas. However, RFX6 heterozygous mutations cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) with normal pancreas development. Here, we show that RFX6 may control islet cell development and insulin production in different manners. The rfx6 knockout zebrafish generated by CRISPR/Cas9 exhibited an overt diabetes phenotype. Pancreatic islet failed to form compact structures in the knockout fish. While endocrine pancreatic islet non-β-cells were absent, insulin-producing β-cells were present in the knockout fish. Although insulin mRNA level was normal in the β-cells of the knockout fish, insulin protein level was decreased. High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNAseq) showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in the translation term in islet β-cells from the knockout fish. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIPseq) of normally developed islet β-cells from mice demonstrated that rfx6 interacted with translation initiation factors and controlled insulin translation. Our data indicate that Rfx6 may act as a transcription factor regulating the transcription of genes involved in mRNA translation, which may represent a new mechanism and treatment strategy for diseases.
CINÉTICA DE RECUPERACIÓN DEL CONSUMO DE OXÍGENO EN DEPORTISTAS FEDERADOS
Authors: Espinoza-Salinas A. , Zafra-Santos E. , Sabattini-Herrera C. , Sanchez-Molina J. , Bobadilla-Olivares M. , Arenas-Sánchez G.
Published: December 2020

La cinética de la recuperación del consumo de oxígeno (VO2) es un indicador de la capacidad funcional (CF). El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el comportamiento de la cinética de recuperación del consumo de oxígeno en deportistas de diferentes disciplinas, de acuerdo al sistema energético predominante en cada uno de ellos. Se diseñó un estudio comparativo, no experimental y transversal en 22 sujetos de deportes federados seleccionados correspondientes a Futsal, Halterofilia y Triatlón mediante un muestreo no probabilístico intencionado. Se valoraron las siguientes variables: peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), presión arterial, perímetro de cintura y cinética del consumo de oxígeno. Los principales resultados muestran que la cinética de recuperación del (VO2) demostró que los deportistas que practican futsal, evidencian una mejor recuperación (p<0,05) comparado con los deportistas de triatlón y halterofilia.
Analizando el auge de Scratch para la enseñanza de la programación. Revisión del conocimiento científico publicado en España
Authors: Conde Melguizo Rafael , Vega Barbas Mario , García Vázquez Carolina
Published: December 2020

Las competencias digitales forman parte del currículum escolar, siendo una de ellas la programación. Este estudio se centra en el análisis del conocimiento científico disponible para la implantación que se ha llevado a cabo de Scratch en España para cumplir con los objetivos de aprendizaje de las competencias digitales. Se ha realizado un análisis sistemático de la bibliografía existente en bases de datos científicas. Posteriormente, se han analizado las publicaciones con distintas variables: tipo de publicación, idioma, citas, tipo de investigación, metodología, técnicas, objeto de observación o muestreo.
Concluimos que la documentación sobre Scratch en España es insuficiente, de poco impacto y con poca consistencia metodológica.
Educación audiovisual y Cultura audiovisual en la ESO y el Bachillerato
Authors: Campos Rabadán Minerva
Published: December 2020

Este artículo analiza la presencia que contenidos y competencias vinculadas a la comunicación y la cultura audiovisuales han tenido en la educación secundaria en España desde que, en 1990, la Ley Orgánica de Ordenación General del Sistema Educativo (LOGSE) estableciera el modelo y la estructura actuales.
La enseñanza del cine en la Educación Superior: El caso de la Facultad de Bellas Artes de Cuenca
Authors: Oliva Mompeán Ignacio
Published: December 2020

La Facultad de Bellas Artes de Cuenca tiene un papel particular en la formación sobre cine en España. En sus programas de estudio y a lo largo de los últimos treinta años, se han incluido itinerarios y asignaturas específicas que han resultado muy significativas. Este artículo parte de unas consideraciones iniciales sobre el significado y la importancia de la enseñanza del cine en los diferentes niveles educativos y la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias para su mejor implementación en la Educación Superior. La última parte se presentan modelos históricos, perspectivas y algunos ejemplos metodológicos dados en la Facultad de Bellas Artes de Cuenca y relacionados con la experiencia investigadora.
Análisis de dificultades en la enseñanza y aprendizaje del español y las matemáticas en escuelas primarias multigrado de Veracruz-México
Authors: Cano Ruiz Amanda
Published: December 2020

Se presenta parte de un estudio más amplio que propuso un acercamiento a la educación multigrado en México. El artículo se enfoca en uno de sus objetivos específicos centrado en analizar dificultades de docentes multigrado de escuelas primarias, en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las asignaturas de español y matemáticas, así como necesidades de profesionalización en estos campos. Desde una tradición cuantitativa de la investigación se aplicó un cuestionario con diversos ítems a docentes con grupo multigrado del estado de Veracruz. Este se capturó en una base de datos y se analizó con apoyo del Software SPSS. Los resultados indican que los docentes se desempeñan en espacios educativos con una infraestructura y equipamiento poco pertinente para el desarrollo de los programas de estudio. En su mayoría valoran como regulares los resultados de aprendizaje de sus alumnos en ambas asignaturas; esto lo atribuyen a características sociales y familiares del alumnado, así como a dificultades en la comprensión textual y de los problemas matemáticos. Respecto a su docencia reconocen fortalezas en el conocimiento disciplinar y dudas o debilidades, tanto en aspectos didácticos como en lo relativo a los programas oficiales de estudio. Las necesidades de profesionalización se concentraron en: aspectos didácticos de las asignaturas, planificación de la enseñanza, así como en el diseño de material didáctico. Los resultados permiten reconocer diversos retos de la docencia multigrado que pueden derivar en estrategias o programas específicos de formación continua.
¿Cómo cultivar la originalidad en la escuela primaria rural?
Authors: Díaz Reyes María Fidelia , Lardoeyt Llauradó Estrella Margarita
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: diseñar una metodología que contribuya al desarrollo de la originalidad en la producción de textos escritos en los escolares de la escuela rural. Resultados: la manera observada de abordar los contenidos sobre producción de textos escritos no favorece el desarrollo de la originalidad. Se propone una metodología que consiste en el tratamiento de los contenidos de producción de textos escritos desde una perspectiva comunicativo-funcional, con el empleo del mencionado enfoque, que fue satisfactoriamente valorada por especialistas. Conclusiones: una metodología basada en el enfoque cognitivo, comunicativo y sociocultural para la enseñanza de la producción de textos escritos desde la asignatura de Lengua Española contribuye al desarrollo de la originalidad.
Design and Development of a Protective Face Mask to Mitigate Community Spread and Prevent Wearer Infection from COVID - 19 Using Design Thinking
Authors: Brookstein David
Published: December 2020

Relatively early during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic it was widely recognized that community spread could be mitigated by the widespread wearing of face masks.  However, at first, they were difficult to procure and   the CDC discouraged the use of masks for the general public since this might cause shortages for healthcare workers.   Subsequently, the CDC suggested that cloth masks, without filters, should be used by the general public since these were considered ineffective for healthcare workers.  Using the concepts of design thinking, effective protective face masks with filters were designed and developed using readily available materials that could be used by the general public.
The Accidental Talking Head: Working with the Media During a Pandemic
Authors: Johnson Krys
Published: December 2020

Most doctoral programs do not train you to work with the media, though local and national media are the venue through which most timely information is shared with the public. This narrative offers advice on how to prepare yourself for media interviews, shares some best practices, and aims to demystify the process of audio, video, and print media contributions by public health professionals.
Native language in the system of spiritual values of the Ukrainian intelligentsia
Authors:   Drohobych State Pedagogical University named after Ivan Franko, Hirniak Svitlana
Published: December 2020

The article characterizes the ideologically thematic content and means of literary expression of the appeals of the representatives of the Ukrainian intelligentsia of the late XIX – early XX century, in particular Naddnipryanska (P. Kulish “A letter of appeal to the Ukrainian intelligentsia”, 1882) and Galician (I. Franko “A sincere letter to the Galician Ukrainian youth”, 1905, A. Sheptytsky’s pastoral letter “To the Russian intelligentsia”, 1901), as well as the beginning of the XXI century – the initiative group of the “The First of December” (“Declaration”, 2011) to the youth “gifted with consciousness and a gift of thought”, “to all classes of our society”, to the “free people of Ukraine”. We believe that these texts have become vivid examples of expressing the civic position of this or that author, calls to preserve the national identity of a personality and society, whereas the isolated lexicon of the intelligentsia, its conceptual picture of the world, embodied in language, enable us to trace the paradigm of Ukrainian epistolary works, in which a special form of messages and letters is used, depending on the laws of literary conventionality. The comparison of appeals by criteria: the idea of appeal and its purpose, the place and role of the intelligentsia in the spiritual revival of the nation, state and society creation in the concept of the author (authors) is embodied in the language, in particular in the lexicon of the intelligentsia, its conceptual picture of the world. It makes it possible to state that the role of the intelligentsia in the late XIX – early XX century, as well as late XX – early XXI century remained unchanged. Its tasks are to promote enlightenment and education of the general public (people), to care for the spiritual growth of people in order to build the Ukrainian state as an integral body on the basis of Christian morality, to promote the formation of the Ukrainian nation, which would be capable of preserving and increasing cultural and material wealth, of developing independent political life, economy and social welfare so that every citizen of the Ukrainian state could feel comfortable on their native land. Keywords: language, intelligentsia, appeals, national values, P. Kulish, I. Franko, A. Sheptytsky, initiative group “The First of December”.