bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Routine Post-Operative Use of Drainage in Minimally Invasive Lumbar Spine Surgery Offer Better Results?
Authors: Moniakis MD, MSc Alexandros , Pacheco-Barrios MSc Niels , Quiceno MD Esteban , Hussein MD Amna , Pico MS Annie , Abdulla MD Ebtesam , Bauer MS Isabel L. , Nosova MD Kristin , Khan MD Monis Ahmed , Farhadi MD Dara S. , Prim MD Michael , Baaj MD Ali
Published: July 2024

Objective: The advantages of minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) in lumbar degenerative diseases have been well described (less tissue damage, shorter hospital stay, better results in pain assessment). One aspect that has not yet been studied enough is the usage of a post-operative drain in MISS. The aim of this study was to determine whether drainage in MISS is necessary or not and what advantages or disadvantages its use offers.
Materials - Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the published literature, searching articles published on Pubmed and Embasse until December 1st 2022, regarding MISS in the lumbar region and post-operative drain usage. Our inclusion criteria were original articles written in English and articles using minimally invasive techniques (usage of tubular retractors along with an endoscope or microscope, paramedian incision, percutaneous screw placement). 42 articles were assessed, and after careful examination and duplication exclusion, 26 research papers were included. Usage, type and duration of postoperative drainage, length of hospital stay, ambulation time and complications were extracted, and relevant results were pooled.
Results: The majority of the included articles (80.7 %) reported using a negative-pressure post-operative drain tube. Drains were removed either 48 hours after surgery or when the drainage volume was less than 50ml/24h. Hospital stays and time to ambulation were shorter in cases where drainage was not used. There was no difference in complications between cases where drainage was used and those that it was not.
Conclusion: The rationale behind post-operative drainage in MISS is to protect from surgical site infections and hematoma creation. Based on our study there is no evidence to support this hypothesis. On the contrary, our results suggest that the drawbacks of using a drain (pain, discomfort, anxiety, inconvenience of mobilisation, prolongation of hospitalisation) outweigh the advantages, thus making the routine use of postoperative drainage in MISS unnecessary.
The Effect of an Educational Program Based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in Adopting Preventive Behaviors from Uterine Cervical Neoplasm among Women Referring to Health Centers in Torbat Heydariyeh City
Authors: Jadgal Mohammad Saeed , Alizadeh-Siuki Hadi
Published: July 2024

Introduction: One of the cancers that endangers women's health is cervical cancer which can be fatal due to the lack of significant symptoms. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of an educational program based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in adopting preventive behaviors from uterine cervical neoplasm among Women Referring to Health Centers in Torbat Heydariyeh city.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 200 women with average age of 30/62 (intervention 100 and control 100) referred to Torbat Heydariyeh city health centers by random cluster sampling method from October 2019 to May 2020.The data collection tools were researcher-made questionnaires based on PMT, and its validity and reliability were reviewed and confirmed. Pre-test was also performed for both groups. Based on the results of the pre-test, need assessment was done. The educational intervention was performed for case group as lecture, pamphlet, Power Point presentation and question and answer in three 90-minute sessions. Post-test was performed after three month using the same questionnaire for both groups. The collected data were analyzed by independent t-test, paired t-test, and Pearson and chi square using SPSS software v22.
Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between control and experimental groups(p<0/05)regarding the mean score of constructs of the PMT. After the intervention, however, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of all the constructs of PMT in the two groups (self-efficacy p=0/001, response cost p=0/001, response efficiency p=0/001, perceived vulnerability p=0/007, fear p=0/001, perceived intensity p=0/01, motivation p=0/002 and behavior p=0/001).
Conclusion: The study results revealed effectiveness of educational intervention based on PMT in promoting Pap smear screening behavior. The rate of doing pap smear test in the experimental group increased to 56% in the intervention group. Therefore, the authors recommend designing educational interventions based on this theory to promote public health, especially for women.
Investigating Occupational and Personal Factors Effective in Causing Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Personnel of One of the Hospitals in Zahedan City
Authors: Habybabady Raheleh Hashemi , Dehbashi Akram , Paridokht Fatemeh , Sepehr Parvin , Roveshti Mehram maleki
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the main health problems among health care providers. This study aims to determine Job responsibilities and risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the hospital employees of one of the largest hospitals in Zahedan.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 194 staff in one of the largest hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v19 and univariate logistic linear modeling, in addition to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: The highest average pain score was related to the back(21/10±26/19). Neck pain was more prevalent in people over 40 years old(50%). Women were 4.9 times more likely to experience neck pain than men, and the possibility of back pain in individuals older than 40 years was 2.2 times higher than in those younger than 30. Furthermore, participants with more than 20 years of work experience were 5/4 times more likely to develop knee pain than those working for 5 years and less. There was a significant difference between pain scores in different positions among the hospital staff(p=0/003).
Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among nurse assistants, women, elderly people and those with more work experience was higher than other employees, and it is necessary to design and implement targeted and specific interventions to reduce these disorders for different groups in hospitals.
Persian Translation, Cross cultural Adaptation and Validity and Reliability of the Mental Health Literacy Knowledge Assessment Tool in Iranian Students
Authors: Zeidabadi Batool , Khodayarian Mahsa , Sadeghi Reza , Jambarsang Sara
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The importance of mental health literacy is recognized as an essential component for increasing knowledge and changing attitudes towards mental health and mental illness in school students. To identify mental health problems, tools to measure knowledge of mental health literacy to cases, understanding mental health and mental illness, mental illness stigma, information about specific mental illnesses, experiences of mental illness، Assistance and the importance of positive mental health. The study aimed to translate, cultural adaptation and examine the validity and reliability of the mental health literacy knowledge assessment tool in Iranian students.
Methods: The English version of the Mental Health Literacy Knowledge Measuring Tool was conducted with 28 knowledge questions and 8 attitude questions about mental disorders, initial translation, open translation and corrections. Then, the qualitative formalization of the questionnaire was reviewed and approved by 12 experts (psychiatrist, psychologist, educational sciences, health education and health promotion and biostatistics). To calculate the reliability, 30 students aged 13 to 15 completed the first Persian version of the questionnaire twice, 14 days apart.
Results: In the translation of the tool, two questions were adapted and localized to Iranian culture. In the content validity check, the content validity ratio scale and the content validity index were calculated according to the tables of Lavshe, Waltz and Basel. CVI average of the items was 0/88 and in the CVR, questions 4 were unacceptable. Students’ Cronbach's alpha coefficient index of general health knowledge questions and attitude about mental disorders were obtained as 0/96 and 0/86, respectively and the Pearson correlation of the questions of the knowledge section was 0/93 and the attitude was 0/76, which is an acceptable reliability coefficient.
Conclusion: The present tool is a tool for measuring mental health literacy knowledge that was translated and localized in Iran, which is useful for measuring mental health literacy among 13 to 15-year-old high school students. Using the mental health literacy knowledge measurement tool is suggested to increase knowledge and reduce the stigma of mental illness in order to improve mental health literacy in schools.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention on Social Competence and School Refusal of Children with Separation Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Motevally Joybari Fatemeh , Bakhshipour Joybari Babollah , Abbasi Ghodratollah
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention on social competence and school refusal of children with separation anxiety disorder.
Methods: This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population of this research includes all the mothers of elementary school students in one Sari district in the academic year of 2022-2023 who were suffering from separation anxiety disorder, 30 of them were randomly selected and replaced in two experimental and control groups. To collect data, Han and Hajinlian's separation anxiety questionnaire, social competence questionnaire by behavior problem prevention research group, and school refusal questionnaire by Carney and Silverman were used. In the experimental group, cognitive-behavioral intervention was implemented for 12 sessions of 1 hour; But, the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after the pre-test and post-test sessions were taken from both groups. To analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used with SPSS version 26 software.
Results: The results of this research showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of the variable of social competence and school refusal in the pre-test-post-test and pre-test-follow-up phase compared to the control group (p<0/05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, cognitive-behavioral intervention training on mothers of children with separation anxiety disorder increased social competence and reduced school refusal in children with separation anxiety disorder; therefore, this intervention can be recommended to children with separation anxiety disorder, psychologists, and child counselors.
Analyzing the Opinion of the Elites in the Field of Population Policies in the City of Yazd: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sadati Ahmad Kalateh , Alimondegari Maliheh , Falakodin Zahra , Shiri-Mohammadabad Hamideh , Kalantar Forozandeh
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Due to the lack and the continuation of low fertility in past decades, it is necessary to review the population policies of the country. In formulating or revising demographic policies, taking effective and timely measures to facilitate the process of marriage and family formation and encouraging young couples to have children is an important and unavoidable necessity in the current conditions of society. The purpose of the current research is to discover and analyze this issue in Yazd province, based on the opinion of elites and policy makers related to the issue.
Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative and grounded theory methods in 2014 in the city of Yazd. The participants in the research were 18 health officials and academic elites from the province. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview tool. Data analysis was conducted using both theoretical and free coding methods as well as central and selective coding techniques.
Results: The results showed that while the decision to have children is influenced by social and cultural contexts, it is primarily influenced by social policies.  57 sub-categories and 20 main sub-categories were extracted The themes of the research included rethinking marriage, postponing childbearing, the dangerous world of childlessness, dynamic policy making, family and child support policies. Also, the core category, the vacuum of dynamic, and efficient policy were calculated
Conclusion: The results of the research show that the issue of having children is related to other needs and necessities of the family, such as taking care of children and the economic needs of the family. For this reason, policymakers should support programs that help families in this field and bring some kind of psychological comfort to the family.
Effects of automation and artificial intelligence on human reliability in industries
Authors: Rostami Masoud , Anooshe Vidasadat
Published: July 2024

Automation and artificial intelligence are rapidly changing the landscape of many industries and revolutionizing the way humans do work. This has a profound impact on human reliability, which refers to the ability of humans to perform their tasks safely, efficiently and effectively in a dynamic and often unpredictable environment.
While automation and artificial intelligence can bring many benefits, including increased productivity, reduced errors, and improved safety, there are also potential risks to consider. A key concern is that over-reliance on automation can lead to a loss of human skills and knowledge, which can compromise reliability when automated systems fail or encounter unexpected data. become, reduce Additionally, AI systems can be complex and incomprehensible, which can lead to problems in trusting their output and understanding how they behave when errors occur.
Investigating the effect of participatory management with a macro-ergonomics approach on organizational productivity through the mediating variable employee empowerment and participation )case study: General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Trainin
Authors: N Sadra Abargoei , A Akhawan , MA Shariatmadar , R Soltani
Published: July 2024

Introduction: By directly affecting the environment and creating employee satisfaction, ergonomics creates quality products or services, organizational productivity, and customer satisfaction. Participation is a kind of participation and involvement in decision-making, planning, and implementation. The present research was conducted to evaluate and measure the impact of collaborative management with macro ergonomics on organizational productivity through the mediating variable of employee empowerment and participation in the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Training of Fars province.
Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive survey type. To carry out this research, 208 employees of the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Training of Fars province were selected in 1402 by a simple sampling method based on the Karjesi and Morgan formula. Four standard questionnaires of participatory management, employee empowerment, organizational productivity, and employee participation were used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaires was investigated using Cronbach's alpha, and the content validity ratio (CVR) was used for the validity of the questionnaires. The effect of participatory management with macro ergonomics on organizational productivity was evaluated using the paired t-test. Also, SPSS and AMOS statistical software were used for data analysis.
Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the standard questionnaire of participatory management, employee empowerment, organizational productivity, and employee participation was 0.803, 0.755, 0.790, and 0.946, respectively, and the CVR value of the questionnaires was calculated 1, 0.99, 1 and 1 respectively. And therefore the validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed. This research showed that participatory management has a positive and significant effect on the empowerment of employees from the perspective of macro ergonomics and productivity (p=0.034). The positive impact of empowering employees on the organization's productivity was confirmed with the perspective of macro ergonomics and employee participation (p=0.041) Finally, the mediating role of employee empowerment and employee participation on organizational productivity was confirmed (p=0.031).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the application of macro ergonomics leads to an increase in the acceptance power of employees and commitment to changes, and provides the most suitable help to improve their safety, satisfaction, and productivity.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in working people with and without history of COVID-19
Authors: SY Ghelmani , MR Mirjalili , M Mirzaei , B Bagheri , T Fallah Tafti , H Mozen , S Gholami , M Rati
Published: July 2024

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the greatest focus was on the respiratory system, but recently awareness has increased about the cardiovascular manifestations of the COVID-19 disease and the adverse effect of cardiovascular involvement on its prognosis. Since so far no comprehensive study has investigated electrocardiogram changes in patients with COVID-19 in Iran, the purpose of this study is to assess electrocardiogram changes in adults aged 20-70 with and without a history of COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: The current study was a cohort study conducted on two groups of working people with a history of COVID-19 and controls without a history of COVID-19. The case and control subjects were selected randomly from the participants of the Yazd Health study and the Shahdieh cohort study. ECG was taken from both groups before and after Covid-19 and then QTc interval and ST segment measurements were recorded and interpreted.
Results: In the present study, 77 patients including 45 patients with COVID-19 (58.4%) and 32 non-COVID-19 patients (41.6%) were selected. Heart rate/min before and after COVID-19 was 69.08±10.89 and 73.5±14.05, respectively (P<0.01). There was a non-significant difference before and after COVID-19 in terms of QTi, and QTc (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, COVID-19 disease is associated with a change in heart rate in the two studies' participants, but no effect was observed on the parameters of QTi, and QTC. Therefore, it seems that echocardiography is not necessary in patients with COVID-19.
Evaluation of job satisfaction and related factors in wood extraction workers in Gilan province
Authors: F Mokhtari , V Hemmati , AH Firouzan , SY Tarabian
Published: July 2024

Introduction: occupational accidents are caused by ignorance of occupational health and safety recommendations, due to the high rate of accidents in the industry of cutting and extracting wood from the forest, this study is necessary to evaluate job satisfaction.
Materials and Methods: In this research, job satisfaction was used as a dependent variable and independent variables included age, educational and employment status, type of work, and duration of employment. To determine the conditions of excessive fatigue among forest workers, the index of symptoms of excessive fatigue was used. The number of 100 workers was investigated by a questionnaire, the comparison of independent variables affecting the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of workers with work using discriminant analysis and the Wilks Lambda coefficient, and the comparison of the average opinions of people from different work groups regarding the work situation using Friedman's test was performed.
Results: The four variables of duration of employment, age status of workers, employment status, and type of work are suitable for separating two groups satisfied with work and dissatisfied with work. The assessment of complaint rate showed that questions I take care of my family, I am very worried about my health and I am dissatisfied with many things with the highest rates of 84.66%, 70.66%, and 61.33% respectively. They took the complaint to themselves. The results showed that the highest amount of fatigue accumulation index is related to two groups chronic fatigue and general fatigue. The results of the present study show that 47% of forest workers are illiterate in their educational status, which requires a training course for workers to work with cutting tools and machines. The results showed that 41 percent of the people studied liked their jobs.
Conclusion: Personal protective equipment is considered a work tool without which it is impossible to do the desired job. Training classes should be held periodically by the safety department for workers and supervisors when needed.
Effect of exposure to recreational noise on hearing threshold levels in medical students
Authors: A Neshati , MH Davari , A Mola Sadeghi , M Vakili , AH Mehrparvar
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Noise exposure may cause a kind of sensorineural hearing loss. Noise-induced hearing loss is known as an occupational disease, but the effect of exposure to recreational noise is not completely understood. This study aimed to assess the impact of exposure to recreational noise on hearing status.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 304 medical students. The participants were randomly selected from medical students in years 4 to 6 and were divided into two groups regarding their exposure to recreational noise. Conventional audiometry was done for all participants, and hearing thresholds at different frequencies were compared between two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver. 20) using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 23.18±3.14 years. In total, 74.7% of participants were exposed to recreational noise. The mean duration of noise exposure was 4.67±2.91 years. The most frequent exposure was to music via a headphone or hands-free (27.3%). All hearing thresholds in both groups were within the normal range and there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding hearing thresholds.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that any exposure type of recreational noise (music, eulogy, or lecture) in the young population did not affect hearing thresholds.
Evaluation of the relationship between the establishment of the safety, health and environment management system on the performance of employees of the coking complex and refineries - Iranian Zarand Steel Company
Authors: N Sadra Abarghoei , A Akhawan , S Sarhadi Amjaz , R Soltani
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the establishment of safety, health and environment management system on the performance of coking complex employees and refineries of Iranian Zarand Steel Company. Therefore, at first, the dimensions and issues of establishing the safety, health and environment management system and the performance of employees were identified, and then the relationships between the identified variables were presented.
Materials and Methods: Two standard questionnaires were used to collect data related to the measurement of research variables, which in total include 2 structures, 3 dimensions, and 20 questions. The content validity method was used to check the validity of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.863, which indicated the reliability of the questionnaire. The statistical population of this research includes the employees and experts of Iranian Zarand Steel Company. After ensuring the validity and reliability of the designed scales based on the calculations, the questionnaires were distributed to a sample of 260 people. To check the demographic data, descriptive statistics, K-S test to determine the normality of the data using SPSS24 software, to determine the construct validity using the confirmatory factor analysis test and for the relationships between the variables using the structural equation model using statistical software 3 SMART-PLS was performed.
Results: The establishment of the safety, health and environment management system on the performance of employees with a factor load of 0.623 and the T-statistic of the test 9.803, as well as the safety, health and environment management system on the dimensions of employee performance, including increasing knowledge and quality of work, a better relationship with Colleagues, improvement of individual characteristics, development of skills and better supervision, improvement of creativity and improvement of customer orientation of Zarand Iranian Steel Company with factor loading of 0.555, 0.664, 0.430, 0.436, 0.424 and 0.461 respectively and the T-statistics of the test have a significant relationship of 8.086, 12.337, 5.069, 5.792, 5.055 and 6.629.
Conclusion: The findings show that the establishment of the HSE management system has a significant effect on the performance of employees and its dimensions, including the quality of occupational health and safety rules, practical compliance with the law, management and cooperation, workplace processes, the use of personal protective equipment and empowering the behavior of managers and employees.
Inter- and intra-observer reliability of the Ergonomic Screening and Prioritization Tool to assess the risk level of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in nurses
Authors: N Rahgoshay , H Daneshmandi , M Vali , M Shahbazi , R Sadeghian
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are among the most common occupational diseases, and ergonomics and occupational health engineering specialists need reliable and valid methods for assessing high-risk activities and the factors contributing to their occurrence.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 nurses employed at Namazi Hospital in Shiraz were randomly selected. Data was collected using a demographic/occupational questionnaire, Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), and the Ergonomics Screening and Prioritizing Tool (ESPT). Three observers simultaneously assessed the risk of developing MSDs for each job duty. After a six-month interval, the same observers re-evaluated the same group of nurses in the same work Postures. To assess the reliability of ESPT between and within observers, the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the Kappa Multi-rater Fleiss method were used. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 26.
Results: The results of the study showed a high agreement between each observer as well as between the three observers before and after six months. The ICC for observers 1, 2, and 3 were respectively 0.951, 0.947, and 0.927, and also between each of the three observers for the first and second time respectively 0.955 and 0.941.
Conclusion: The ESPT has been shown to possess high reliability for assessing the risk of developing MSDs among nurses, and it can be used for this purpose.
Intention to Leave the Service in Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review Intention to Leave the Service in Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: P Sharifian , P Sharifian
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Leaving the profession, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, has become one of the global challenges raised by healthcare service providers. This study aimed to review the tendency of nurses to leave their service during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, all the studies conducted inside and outside the country during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2022 using the keywords of leaving the service of nurses, leaving the service in COVID, nursing in Covid, willingness to leave the service in Covid, the tendency to leave service, leaving the service of nurses in Covid, resignation from a nursing job, covid and leaving service, from the internal databases Google Scholar, Iranmedex, Magiran, Nindex, MediLib and Noor magazines and external databases WoS, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus. Were placed the articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and finally analyzed more closely.
Results: In the extensive search for information, 127 articles were obtained, and 10 articles were finally selected and evaluated during the screening process and review of the inclusion criteria. The results of this review showed that fear of disease, not having enough immunity, having children, not being able to afford personal equipment, inappropriate salary and benefits compared to the difficulty of work, fear of transmitting infection to the family, lack of support from officials, working in the Covid department and the heavy workload during the Covid-19 era was cited as one of the most important reasons for leaving a job.
Conclusion: Choosing life solutions, financial and occupational safety, and more effective support of the authorities towards nurses are among the solutions that can help to continue the nursing profession, especially during crises like COVID-19.
Investigation of the Relationship between Family Business Success and Marital Failure in Tanzania.
Authors: Mbwile Elia
Published: July 2024

This study explores the link between family business success and marital breakdown using a mixed-methods approach. Data from 110 family business people in Kilimanjaro was collected using a cross-sectional survey design. The findings show that extramarital affairs, poor conflict resolution skills, poor communication, biased succession processes, and imbalanced work-life dynamics contribute to higher rates of marital failures among family business couples. Recommendations include interventions enhancing conflict resolution skills, fostering effective communication, ensuring fair succession processes, and promoting work-life balance to mitigate these risks.
Analysis of skin health management through telemedicine and mobile health in dermatology in the post-COVID era
Authors: Gençoğlu Şule
Published: July 2024

Mobile health has made significant strides in the field of tele-dermatology (TD) following the developments post the COVID-19 pandemic. The application of telemedicine and mobile health to dermatology holds the potential to enhance the quality of healthcare for citizens and streamline workflows in the healthcare domain, hence this subject is of great importance. This research encompasses the last three years. A comprehensive overview examining the opportunities, perspectives, and encountered challenges regarding the integration of TD with mHealth has been provided. The narrative review methodology is based on (I) conducting research via PubMed and Scopus, and (II) conducting compliance assessment using the proposed parameters. The outcome of the research indicates rapid progress in the integration of TD with mobile health during the COVID-19 pandemic. This integration has facilitated the monitoring of dermatological issues and allowed for remote specialist visits, thereby reducing face-to-face interactions. Artificial intelligence and mobile applications have empowered citizens to take a more active role in their own healthcare, which is distinct from other imaging areas where information exchange is limited only to professionals. Opportunities that TD can offer in the field of mobile health include enhancing service quality, increasing the efficiency of healthcare processes, reducing costs, and providing more accessible care. This is applicable not only to conditions like acne, vitiligo, psoriasis, and skin cancers but also to other conditions. Integration with artificial intelligence and augmented reality (AR), along with the use of wearable sensors, are expected as future developments. However, the integration of TD with mobile health brings along issues and challenges related to regulation, ethics, cybersecurity, data privacy, and device management. These issues, along with the involvement of citizens in the process, should be addressed by scientists and policymakers.
Table Text Jagadbhūṣaṇa of Haridatta
Authors: Melnad Keshav , Montelle Clemency , K. Ramasubramanian
Published: July 2024

In the seventeenth century, the astronomer Haridatta of Mewar, Rājasthān, produced a table text named the Jagadbhūṣaṇa (epoch Śaka 1560, or 1638 CE). This table text provided calendar makers with a complete set of data and associated procedures for the computation of the annual calendar known in Sanskrit as a pañcāṅga. The tables are huge and represent an enormous computational effort, and the astronomical structure that underlies them is somewhat akin to the Babylonian Goal Year texts and similar cyclic schemes set out by Ptolemy and al-Zarqālī. The accompanying text consists of around one hundred and thirty verses organised into five chapters. This article is the first in a series that presents the Sanskrit text of the Jagadbhūṣaṇa along with a translation and a detailed technical commentary of the text and analysis of the associated tabular material, chapter by chapter. In the opening chapter, Haridatta begins the work with a lengthy encomium to his patron, Mewar Rajput Jagatsiṃha, before describing the procedures by which the true longitudes and motions of the sun and the moon can be determined using the accompanying tabulated data.
Disease Management Approaches to Organic Farming of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Rajasthan, India: Implications and Challenges
Authors: Choudhary Kavita ,   Department of Botany, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Mishra Preeti
Published: July 2024

Organic farming is a holistic approach that preserves natural resources, increases the biodiversity of the area, and respects the environment. Because the previous intensive agriculture has disturbed natural habitats and heterogeneity, organic or low-input farming has a less negative impact on biodiversity and naturally controls weeds and pests. Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is highly rich in vitamins and hence antioxidant. The present study was carried out in the Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan, where organic farming of chilli is being done on a large scale. Farmers use biofertilizers and biopesticides to manage nutrients and diseases. During the survey, various diseases in chili plants were observed and listed in the present article. Management strategies used for nutrition and controlling diseases on chilli plants are mentioned as case study in the paper.
Studies on Physical Attributes of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Genotypes in Awadh Region
Authors: Verma Ravi Shankar ,   Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Lucknow
Published: July 2024

Guava (Psidium guajava L.), a prominent fruit in tropical and subtropical regions, exhibits significant variability in physical attributes across different genotypes. This study aimed to evaluate the physical characteristics of eight guava genotypes (Lalit, Shweta, CISHG-1, CISHG-31, Allahabad Safeda, L-49, Taiwan, and VNR Bihi) in the Awadh region. The attributes assessed included fruit length, breadth, weight, volume, and specific gravity. Results indicated substantial variations among the genotypes. The longest fruits were observed in Taiwan (9.88 cm), while Shweta had the shortest (6.17 cm). Taiwan also exhibited the greatest breadth (9.29 cm) and weight (465 g), whereas L-49 had the smallest breadth (6.24 cm) and weight (141 g). Fruit volume ranged from 139 ml in L-49 to 462 ml in Taiwan. Specific gravity varied from 1.005% in VNR Bihi to 1.030% in Shweta, indicating differences in fruit density. These findings highlight the genetic diversity among guava genotypes and underscore the potential for selecting specific genotypes based on desired physical attributes for cultivation and market preferences. This study provides valuable insights into guava breeding programs aimed at improving fruit quality and marketability.
Origin and Effects of Microplastics on Soil Health, Microbial Community and Plants
Authors: Zubair Hassan ,   Department of Agronomy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
Published: July 2024

Microplastics are a growing threat to entire ecosystems, their presence in soil and water ecosystems has received a lot of attention lately. The detection, occurrence, characterization, and toxicology of microplastics in freshwater and marine ecosystems have been the subject of recent research; yet, compared to aquatic environments, our knowledge of the ecological impacts of microplastics in soil ecosystems is relatively restricted. To address the potential ecological and human health risks caused by microplastics in soil, we have compiled literature here that studies the sources, migration of microplastics in soil, negative impacts on soil health and function, trophic transfer in food chains, and the corresponding adverse effects on soil organisms. This paper aims to fill in information gaps, clarify the ecological impacts of microplastic pollution in soil, and suggest future research directions related to microplastic pollution and the ensuing soil ecotoxicity. To lessen the dangers associated with microplastic contamination, this review also focuses on controlling the amount of microplastics in soil and developing management and remediation strategies.
Proteomic Profiling and in Silico Functional Insights of Whey Protein: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms for Enhanced Strength, Recovery and Health Benefits
Authors: Devi Usha ,   ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana
Published: July 2024

Whey protein, a cheese byproduct, is popular for its nutrition and health benefits. This review reviews proteome profiling and in silico functional insights research to understand how whey protein improves strength, recovery, and health. Modern mass spectrometry and chromatography have shown whey protein's complex proteome with many roles. This study synthesizes key findings about whey's physiological effects on proteins involved in muscular strength, recovery, and health. Combining proteome profiling with in silico computational approaches has helped research and predict whey protein activity. Molecular docking and bioinformatics analysis help investigate molecular interactions, pathways, and processes. In silico analyses provide a complete picture of how whey protein influences cellular activities, supplementing experimental results. The research examines how whey protein supplementation impacts muscle strength parameters such as hypertrophy, contractile function, and protein synthesis through molecular mechanisms. The study also analyses immune system modulation, tissue restoration, and anti-inflammatory pathways. It also examines the molecular processes of antioxidant and metabolic regulation in whey protein to determine its health benefits. Whey protein research has progressed, yet issues and knowledge gaps remain. Current challenges include variations in protein composition, proteomic analysis methods, and in silico prediction confirmation. The report concludes with suggestions for future research to better understand whey protein's molecular mechanisms. It stresses the importance of proteomic and computational methods. This paper synthesizes the evidence and provides a comprehensive summary to add to the discussion concerning whey protein's many benefits.
Non-genetic Factors Associated with 305 Days Milk Yield in Kankrej Cattle
Authors: Gor Dhara D. ,   Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Kamdhenu University, Anand
Published: July 2024

The performance data of Kankrej cattle for the present study were collected from the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), Anand, under the pedigree selection programme (PS) in Banaskantha district of Gujarat state. After the standardization of initial records, the 305DMY records of 6037 Kankrej cattle sired by 54 bulls calved during the period of 19 years from 2003 to 2022 were utilized in the study. The least squares analysis of variance to reduce the nonorthogonality after considering their villages, parity, Age at calving groups, year-month of birth groups and year-month of calving groups were used to analyze the data on 305DMY production trait. The average 305DMY for the Kankrej cow was estimated to be 2302 ± 9.01 kg. The fixed factors such as parity, villages and year month of the calving group considered in the study had significant (p<0.05) effects on the 305DMY traits except for the Age in the calving group (months) and year-month of the birth group. The non-significant effect of the year and month of birth highlighted the adaptive traits of the Kankrej cattle against the extreme temperature in the arid or semi-arid region of North Gujarat. The maximum estimated corrected yield and breeding value were estimated to be 3420 kg and 855 kg, respectively. The increased production performances observed in the study may be the result of the successful implementation of pedigree selection under the field conditions.
Prediction of First Lactation Milk Yield on The Basis of Test Day Yield Using Multiple Linear Regression in Gir Cows
Authors: Ramani A.L. ,   Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Kamdhenu University, Anand, 388001
Published: July 2024

The test-day model is a method of choice for the study of milk yield traits, and this method is very important in countries like India, where herd size is generally smaller and lacks a well-established milk recording system. The present investigation was carried out on 365 records of Gir cows maintained at a cattle breeding farm from 1986 to 2014 with the objective of predicting the first lactation milk yield using monthly test day milk records. MLR was used with the backward elimination method. The optimum equation had total five variables (test days) viz. TD1, TD2, TD3, TD4 and TD5. This equation gave an accuracy of prediction of 77.71%. Therefore, it is concluded that first lactation 305 day milk yield could be predicted as early as 5th month of lactation with higher degree of accuracy.
Using Waste Foundry Sand As Sustainable Construction Material
Authors: Khattra Satinder Kaur ,   Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab
Published: July 2024

India's rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to substantial waste generation, posing significant environmental challenges. Among these wastes, the byproducts of metal industries, such as waste foundry sand (WFS), offer potential solutions for sustainable construction. This study investigates the feasibility of using WFS as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in M20 grade concrete. The experimental program involved incorporating WFS at varying percentages (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% by weight) and assessing the impact on the compressive strength of concrete, complemented by the addition of a plasticizer (1% by weight of cement). The results demonstrated that up to 20% replacement of fine aggregate with WFS significantly enhances the compressive strength of concrete, achieving increases of 40.4% and 56.5% for 7 and 28 days of curing, respectively. Beyond 20% replacement, the compressive strength declined. This research highlights the potential for utilizing industrial waste in concrete production, promoting sustainable construction practices by reducing the reliance on natural resources and addressing waste management challenges.
Complete Chromosome Wise Identification of SSRs in the Two Published Chicken Genome Assemblies
Authors: Sivalingam Jayakumar , Athe R.P. , Bhattacharya T.K. , Chatterjee R.N. , Kumar U. Raj , Yadav Satya Pal , Ravindra K.S. Raja , Balakrishnan M. , Chaudhari M.V.
Published: July 2024

Background: Microsatellites are short repeat motifs consisting 1-6 base pair (bp) and have a high degree of length polymorphism and are useful to study the genetic diversity. In Chicken, no micro satellite markers were demarcated to different chromosomes, viz., 29, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39 in the genome. In the present study, we carried out chromosome-wise identification of SSRs that will be of great use in diversity and gene mapping studies in chicken. Methods: The perl script of MISA tool was used to screen the polymorphic microsatellites with different thresholds level. Result: We identified a total of 397877 SSRs from the latest chicken genome assembly (GRCg7b), of which mononucleotides, dinucleotides, trinucleotides, tetranucleotides, pentanucleotides and hexanucleotides composed of 307453 (77.27%), 40991 (10.30%), 23059 (5.79%), 16723 (4.20%), 8127 (2.04%) and 1524 (0.38%), respectively.
Synchronization of Ovulation and Fixed Time Breeding in Tellicherry Goats
Authors: Senthilkumar K. , Selvaraju M. , Daisy M.
Published: July 2024

Background: Reproductive management of goats on large scale becomes difficult due to contributing reasons like poor estrus expression, lack of heat detection techniques, etc. Synchronization of ovulation has significantly improved the conception in cows. However, such investigations are lacking in goats. Hence, an experiment was conducted to compare the efficacy of different ovulation synchronization protocols on kidding and fecundity rates in Tellicherry goats during winter and summer seasons. Methods: The study was conducted in 240 does of 60 days postpartum period in two different seasons and investigated the efficacy of different protocols, The efficacy of intravaginal sponge (group I), Ovsynch (group II), Ovsynch with sponge (group III), Co synch (group IV), Co synch with sponge (group V) and control (group VI) on kidding and fecundity rate following fixed time breeding (NS/AI) was investigated in Tellicherry goats. Result: The overall kidding rate recorded during winter season in natural service (NS) was 80.00 and Artificial Insemination (AI) it was 70.00 per cent and in summer season it was 60.00 and 55.00 per cent, respectively. During winter season the fecundity rates observed were 1.70, 1.60, 1.75, 1.60, 1.60 and 1.40 in group I, II, III, IV, V and VI, respectively. The corresponding values during summer season were 1.55, 1.40, 1.60, 1.45, 1.50 and 1.10, respectively. From this study, the ovsynch with intravaginal sponge protocol found to be an effective protocol for ovulation synchronization in Tellicherry goats.