bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COBERTURA VACINAL DE CRIANÇAS MENORES DE 1 ANO NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Guimarães Brenda Carolina Melo , Queiroz Sofhia Nataly Almeida , Moreira Kênia Souto , Santos Viviane Maia , Diniz Hellen Julliana Costa , Martins Igor Monteiro Lima , Amorim Ítala Apoliana Guimarães , Cordeiro Simone Queiroz , Magalhães Tatiana Almeida de , Menezes Agna Soares da Silva
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a cobertura vacinal de crianças menores de 1 ano no norte de Minas Gerais de 2018 a 2022. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo que utilizou dados do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunização (SI- PNI) no período de 2018 a 2022 para levantamento das coberturas vacinais em crianças menores de 1 ano no norte de Minas Gerais. Analisou-se as coberturas vacinais dos seguintes imunobiológicos vacinas: contra o Bacilo de Calmette e Guérin (BCG), contra rotavírus humano, contra pneumococo 10, pentavalente, contra meningococo C, contra febre amarela e contra a poliomielite. Resultados: Observou-se que apenas nos anos de 2020 e 2021 os municípios não alcançaram a meta preconizada pelo Ministério da Saúde para cobertura vacinal para a vacina BCG. No município de Lagoa dos Patos-MG observa-se uma melhor cobertura vacinal em relação aos outros municípios. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo chamam a atenção para a tendência de redução na cobertura de algumas vacinas no período de 2018 a 2022, no norte do estado de Minas Gerais, o que favorece o ressurgimento de determinadas doenças. Nesta perspectiva, são necessários estudos que avaliam, para além das coberturas do norte estado de Minas Gerais, as variações temporais de cobertura vacinal em municípios com o objetivo de direcionar o planejamento mais minucioso.
FATORES RELACIONADOS AO RISCO DE FERIDAS EM PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS
Authors: Menezes Agna Soares da Silva , Silva Maria Cristina Ferreira , Fernandes Verônica Emanuele , Moreira Kênia Souto , Santos Viviane Maia , Amorim Ítala Apoliana Guimarães , Cordeiro Simone Queiroz , Marques Kattiany Pereira , Nascimento Jairo Evangelista , Magalhães Tatiana Almeida de
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Identificar quais fatores que favorecem o desenvolvimento de feridas em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus. Matérias e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, com pacientes diabéticos cadastrados nas Equipes de Saúde da Família do município de Montes Claros, situada no Norte de Minas Gerais. A população do estudo foi constituída por 25 pacientes, cadastrados em três Equipes de Saúde da Família do município de Montes Claros escolhidas aleatoriamente, por sorteio. Resultados: 76% dos participantes do estudo eram do sexo feminino, 64% dos participantes tinha idade de 50 a 69 anos, 92% tinham diabete mellitus tipo II, mais de 90% dos pacientes possui hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) estando com índice de massa corporal (IMC) elevado, porém podendo destacar que mais de 80% não possui histórico de doenças cardiovasculares. Conclusão: Estudos dessa natureza são essenciais para subsidiar planejamentos e ações de saúde, visando sempre aperfeiçoar e melhorar os atendimentos e conhecimentos dos profissionais das Equipes de Saúde da Família para que as práticas assistenciais garantam uma melhor qualidade de vida para esses pacientes.
Performance Evaluation of Square Emboss Absorber Solar Water Heaters
Authors: - Anand Patel
Published: August 2023

An effective solution for increasing global demand for energy is the utilization of renewable energy sources. Solar energy is taken as an alternative source of energy for numerous domestic and industrial applications. Solar energy is considered as one of the best alternative sources of energy since it is clean and sustainable for the environment. Extensive research on various aspects of solar water heating systems has been done in order to increase the overall efficiency of the system and optimize the design. The aim of present work is to analyze thermal performance of serpentine tube solar water heater with square embossed on the absorber plater using K type thermocouples.
Design Model for Empowering Partner Farmers of PT SBI through Design Thinking Approach and Triple Layered BMC
Authors: Azis Muhamad Saeful , Dewanda Fadia , Asti Debby Nadya , Handayani Yulya
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to design an empowerment model for shallot farmers who are partners of PT SBI in Brebes Regency to improve their welfare through a mentoring unit as part of PT SBI. The empowerment model was designed using a design thinking approach. First, an Empathy process was conducted through interviews with farmer representatives and a Focus Group Discussion with PT SBI management to map stakeholders and identify the problems. In the Define process, the main problems were concluded: farmer's capital, standardization of shallot production and market development. The idea process was carried out using the Triple-Layered Business Model Canvas (TLBMC) to design a mentoring unit model on the economic, social, and environmental layers. The result of this study is a prototype of the shallot farmer empowerment model through a mentoring unit at PT SBI.
Analisis Pengaruh Ekspor dan Impor Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia Tahun 2018 – 2022
Authors: Kinski Natasya , Tanjung Ahmad Albar , Sukardi
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of exports and imports before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic. The decline in export-import activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic has hurt Indonesia, where exports in 2020 compared to 2019 have decreased by 2.68 percent. In addition there are war between Rusia and Ukraine which gives effect to our Intrenational trade. This research was conducted using a quantitative method with export, import and economic growth variables in Indonesia from 2018 to 2020 by using data panel regression methods. Data was obtained from various sources in the form of journals and books along with publication data from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics.  The results of the study show economic growth affected by exports and import by 76.25%. Exports have a negative and significant effect on economic growth.  Meanwhile, imports have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Exports and imports of goods and services during the pandemic era had a major impact on the Indonesia economy, proven by the 2.07% decline in gross domestic product in 2020. War Russia and Ukraine did not have a big impact because it benefited Indonesia in terms of oil exports to international markets, but the quality of goods and services needed to be improved in order to compete in international markets. And imports need to be controlled so that the balance of trade is not disrupted and the production of goods and services in Indonesia is still fulfilled.
Indonesia's City Diplomacy in Promoting Global Sustainability Context through Urban Networks
Authors: Harakan Ahmad
Published: August 2023

The present research investigates the function of urban diplomacy in promoting sustainable initiatives in the swiftly urbanising setting of Indonesia. The study concentrates on the way urban networks facilitate the dissemination of knowledge, resources, and optimal practises among local administrations. Through the examination of diverse urban networks, including inter-city partnerships, cross-border municipal networks, and regional programmes, this study underscores their role in bolstering local capabilities and advancing sustainable urban development strategies in domains such as waste disposal, ecological infrastructure, and climate change resilience. Furthermore, the research investigates the supportive function of the national government of Indonesia in urban networks and city diplomacy endeavours, showcasing its dedication to urban sustainability via policies and international collaborative endeavours. The study highlights the capacity of urban networks and city diplomacy to promote global sustainability in Indonesia. It proposes that cultivating strong urban networks and efficient city diplomacy can substantially aid in achieving a sustainable future for both the country and the regional.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Bertholletia excelsa(H.B.K) bark extract
Authors:   Federal University of Amazonas, Silva Marcia J A , Boleti Ana Paula A ,   Federal University of Grande Dourados, Acho Leonard D. R. ,   Federal University of Amazonas, Campos Jaqueline F ,   Federal University of Grande Dourados, Neto Jose P.M. ,   Federal University of Amazonas, Guimaraes Anderson ,   Federal University of Amazonas, Silva Felipe M.A. ,   Federal University of Amazonas, Koolen Hector H.F. ,   State University of Amazonas, Santos Edson L. ,   Federal University of Grande Dourados, Lima Emerson S. ,   Federal University of Amazonas
Published: August 2023

Bertholletia excelsais native to the Amazon Rainforest and is popularly known as the Brazil nut. It has socioeconomic importance due its nuts being a great export product. There are fewstudies in the literature regarding the biotechnological potential of its bark, although it is used in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical constituents, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of B. excelsabark extract(BEB). Twelve substances were identified by LC/MS/MS, and cytotoxicity tests were carried out, as well as analyses of nitric oxide production and elimination of free radicals. BEB caused cytoprotection against oxidative stress in macrophages, increased HMOX-1 expression, overcame the antioxidant effects of GPx-1 and reduced its expression and was able to inhibit leukocyte migration in use peritonitis. BEB efficiently attenuated oxidative stress due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and, as such, can be used as a safe and effective source of a natural herbal medicine.
Influence of Climatic Factors on Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Growth on the Coast of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea
Authors:   Yu.A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Koukhta Anna E. , Maksimova Olga V. ,   Yu.A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology,   University of Science and Technology MISIS, Kuznetsova Veronika V. ,   Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of linear and radial increments of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) as a response to the growing conditions on the coast of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea, as well as an evaluation of the temperature and precipitation influences of the current and previous growing seasons. These were applied to the conventional methods of measurement and data analysis. The dynamics of growth in height and diameter were employed as indicators of the stands' response to habitant conditions. A statistical analysis of the growth rates was performed, which vary depending on habitat type, as well as an assessment of the connection between biometric indicators of the stands and the amount of precipitation and mean temperature. The significant differences in the series of linear increment increases were found as distinctions between biotopes, but they were absent for the radial increment. Therefore, it is possible to monitor the typical behavior of tree diversity independent of the biotope type using radial growth series. This provides the foundation for a long-term retrospective analysis of environmental impact on the stands by using the annual rings of the trees without taking growing conditions into account. Precipitation was determined to be a limiting factor for radial and linear growth throughout the phenophase of internodal growth and early wood formation. Temperature was identified as a limiting factor for radial development only during the stages of late wood formation and resource accumulation for the following growing season. The high sensitivity of linear increases to climatic conditions was revealed, which makes it useful as a criterion for assessing the state of forest ecosystems over short time periods (up to 30 years). However, this, in turn, dictates the impossibility of forming long-term linear increment series, as for radial growth, which is a significant limitation of this method. The choice of linear or radial growth analysis methods is concluded to be determined by the goals of the intended study, i.e., monitoring forest ecosystems under current climate change conditions or long-term paleoclimate analysis. For citation: Koukhta A.E., Maksimova O.V., Kuznetsova V.V. Influence of Climatic Factors on Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Growth on the Coast of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 4, pp. 105–119. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-105-119
Fatigue Strength of Band Saws
Authors:   Northen (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Prokofiev Gennadiy F. , Kovalenko Oleg L.
Published: August 2023

One of the major disadvantages of band saws is their low durability. Breakages during the operation are mostly caused by fractures in notches between the blades of the band as a result of the fatigue phenomenon. The strength of the band saw blades is ensured if the assurance coefficient value is greater than the theoretically determined one. The value of the assurance coefficient of 2 is recommended. A schematic limit-amplitude diagram was used to calculate the durability of band saws. A formula for the estimation of the assurance coefficient was derived. It was used for the calculation of the assurance coefficients of the band saw blades manufactured in accordance with GOST 6532–77, which are applicable in dividing band saw machines. The resulting value of the assurance coefficient was 1.44. The value is extremely low for the band saws because it is much lower than required. Band saw blades should be sharpened regularly to ensure a long and reliable service life. It should be made not only to ensure the required sharpness of the blades but also to remove the defective layers in notches caused by fatigue phenomena. In the article, there are more recommendations for improving the durability of the blades of the band saws. The durability of a new type of band saw with curved aerostatic guides and hard alloy blades was evaluated. Its assurance coefficient was 2.4. Therefore, the machine can be operated reliably for a long time without regular treatment of the notches. Consequently, band saws have low durability due to their increased breakdown rate and low wear resistance. Hence, the costs of their purchase and treatment rise. Therefore, the results presented in the article are practically applicable. For citation: Prokofiev G.F., Kovalenko O.L. Fatigue Strength of Band Saws. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 4, pp. 136–145. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-136-145
Formation of Sectoral Residual Thermoplastic Tension Fields in Circular Saw Blade
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Melekhov Vladimir I. , Solovev Ivan I.
Published: August 2023

The efficiency of a stationary circular saw is determined by the performance and operational reliability of the woodcutting unit. During operation, the circular saw blade is exposed to a variety of complex loads and thermal conditions. The rigidity and stability of the saw blade determine its capacity to resist the perturbing cutting forces. The cutting compound itself is a thin disc made of steel with a hole in the middle that has a serrated cutting edge. It consists of three areas: peripheral, middle, and central. The stability of the saw blade is determined by the middle and peripheral parts. The increase in durability is achieved by plastic deformation to form the strip boundaries of the radial sections. These parts are treated by forging in both national and international practice. Normalization of loads on the blade in case of local mechanical contact with the working body is formed in the strip boundaries of the radial sections through the formation of places with plastic deformation of the metal, which rearrange the loads and place them in the radial direction. At the same time, countertension appears from the adjoining sections, leading to mutual “repulsion” of them and the creation of compressive tension that compensates for the forces of centrifugal acceleration, thermal heating of separate areas of the saw blade, external longitudinal and transverse bending tension that arise during wood processing. The combined interaction of all adjoining sections provides the tension and stability of the saw blade. The creation of the radial sections by forging has some significant disadvantages. Their elimination requires a fundamentally new approach, such as the formation of the residual stress sections in the saw blade by thermal exposure. It creates a normalized residual thermoplastic tension in the saw blade by a short-time (1–2 s) focused thermal influence on the strip boundaries of the radial sections. The results of the conducted research determined the boundaries of the sections for thermal treatment and the temperature range, which ensure the formation of normalized residual thermoplastic tension in the circular saw blade through concentrated pulsed heating of the strip edges of radial sections. For citation: Melekhov V.I., Solovev I.I. Formation of Sectoral Residual Thermoplastic Tension Fields in Circular Saw Blade. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 4, pp. 146–154. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-146-154
Deriving Biocomposites of Polymer Phase Plasticised Cellulose Acetates with Varying Degrees of Acetylation
Authors:   Urals State Forest Engineering University, Shkuro Aleksey E. , Glukhikh Victor V. , Usova Kristina A. , Chirkov Denis D. , Zakharov Pavel S. , Vurasko Alesya V.
Published: August 2023

It is anticipated that the creation of wood-polymer composites (WPC) made of naturally renewable polymers and their derivatives (biocomposites) would have a significant practical use due to the rise in prices for synthetic thermoplastic polymers derived from oil and gas. Furthermore, the necessity to replace synthetic polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and others as components of composite materials is also associated with environmental hazards caused by their low degradation rate in the natural media (soil, water, and air). A further problem for manufacturers of WPC is the legislative requirement for autonomous neutralisation of production waste. One of the potential materials for practical application in the production of WPC are binders based on plasticised cellulose acetates. Russian and foreign scientists have studied the influence of the degree of acetylation of cellulose acetate on the properties of polymeric materials that do not contain lignocellulose fillers. There is no information found concerning the secondary use of cellulose acetate waste for the production of WPC. This article presents the results of an investigation into the hot pressing of biocomposites with a polymer phase of plasticised cellulose acetates of varying degrees of acetylation and fillers: wood flour and waste acetate photographic film. An experimental and statistical dependence of the effect of the degree of acetylation of cellulose acetate and filler content in the biocomposite on its properties was developed, sufficient to exceed a confidence level of 0.9. The experimental specifications included decomposition in activated soil, water absorption, bending strength, Brinell hardness, etc. Some test results showed that the derived biocomposites have the same level of properties as the reference WPC, which consists of a high-density polyethylene phase with a wood flour content of 50 %. The derived dependencies allow us to predict changes in the properties of biocomposites at different degrees of acetylation of plasticised cellulose acetate and filler content. Moreover, they solve the problem of choosing the optimal chemical combination for WPC for manufacturing a specific product by hot pressing. For citation: Shkuro A.E., Glukhikh V.V., Usova K.A., Chirkov D.D., Zakharov P.S., Vurasko A.V. Deriving Biocomposites of Polymer Phase Plasticised Cellulose Acetates with Varying Degrees of Acetylation. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 4, pp. 155–168. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-155-168
Comparison of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Scots Pine Wood Grown in Different Climatypes
Authors:   Belarusian State Technological University, Rabko Siarhei U. , Kozel Aleksandr V. , Pаplauskaya Liliya F. , Tupik Pavel V. , Nosnikau Vadzim V. , Melnik Petr G. ,   Mytishchi Branch of Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University),   Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2023

It is important to comprehend the physical and mechanical properties of Scots pine wood from various geographical origins in order to use it effectively and rationally in production. The purpose of the study is to determine the physical and mechanical properties of Scots pine wood from 17 climatic ecotypes and to conduct a comparative analysis of the received indicators for the studied climatypes separately and for subspecies, which were grouped according to the classification of L.F. Pravdin. The physical properties that were chosen for the investigation were wood density in an absolutely dry state and at 12 % moisture content. The mechanical characteristics were the tensile strength of the wood along the fibers and the tensile strength in static bending. The range of geographic origins of the seed harvesting locations was from 47 to 62 °N and 22 to 85 °E. The investigation was conducted using contemporary universal testing equipment, MTS Insight 100. It was found that the density of the wood varied from 370 kg/m3 (Kursk climatype) to 524 kg/m3 (Volgograd climatype) under absolutely dry conditions and from 397 kg/m3 (Kursk climatype) to 550 kg/m3 (Volgograd climatype) at 12 % moisture content. The tensile strength of wood along the fibers ranged from 32 MPa (Kursk climatype) to 54 MPa (Volgograd climatype), while the tensile strength in static bending was from 55 to 92 MPa for the Vologda and Ulyanovsk climatypes, respectively. The maximum wood density at 12 % moisture content was 497±8 kg/m3, which is typical for European subspecies. The minimum value of this indicator was 423±30 kg/m3. The medium values had Lapland subspecies and Steppe subspecies 483±16 kg/m3 and 464±12 kg/m3, respectively. The tensile strength of wood along the fibers in the studied subspecies ranged from 47±1 MPa (European subspecies) to 33±4 MPa (Siberian subspecies). For Lapland subspecies, it was 44±2 MPa and slightly lower for Steppe subspecies, which was 42±2 MPa. The maximum value of the tensile strength in static bending for European subspecies was 78±4 MPa. The minimum value for the Siberian subspecies was 61±14 MPa. This indicator was equal for Steppe subspecies and Lapland subspecies, which was 72±4 MPa. For citation: Rabko S.U., Melnik P.G., Kozel A.V., Paplauskaya L.F., Tupik P.V., Nosnikau V.V. Comparison of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Scots Pine Wood Grown in Different Climatypes. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 4, pp. 26–40. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-26-40
ANALISIS RANTAI PASOK (SUPPLY CHAIN) UMKM GALAMAI TEK TAM DI KOTA PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Yahya Lucky Mahesa , Adha Maulidini , Firmansyah Dedi
Published: August 2023

Usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) merupakan usaha ekonomi yang berpotensi membuka lapangan kerja dan menawarkan layanan ekonomi yang luas kepada masyarakat. UMKM berkontribusi dalam mempromosikan kesetaraan, meningkatkan pendapatan individu, mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan berkontribusi pada stabilitas nasional. Selain itu, UMKM sebagai salah satu tumpuan utama perekonomian nasional, memperoleh peluang, dukungan, perlindungan, dan pengembangan yang cukup besar sebagai komitmen untuk memberdayakan sektor ekonomi kerakyatan, tanpa mengabaikan peran usaha besar dan badan usaha milik negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara dan survei langsung terhadap pemilik usaha. Metode penelitian kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang didasarkan pada filosofi postpositivisme, yang digunakan untuk penelitian dalam kondisi ilmiah dimana peneliti sendiri sebagai instrumen, teknik pengumpulan data dan analisis kualitatif menekankan makna. (Sugiyono: 2018) Meski begitu, UMKM Gelamai Tek Tam secara tidak langsung telah menerapkan supply chain management, sekaligus delivery ke lapangan. Semua kegiatan tersebut meliputi kegiatan pembelian dan outsourcing, ditambah fungsi lain yang penting untuk hubungan baik antara pemasok dan distributor. Gelamai tek tam merupakan usaha kecil menengah yang berlokasi di kota Payakumbuh, UMKM ini bergerak di bidang usaha kuliner tradisional. Gelamai tek tam sudah berdiri sejak tahun 1950.
Impacto de la educación básica regular en la pobreza monetaria en la región Huánuco, Perú
Authors: Calero Roberto , Faustino-Jesus Johana
Published: August 2023

Objetivo. Determinar el impacto de contar con estudios de Educación Básica Regular (EBR) sobre la condición de ser pobre en la población de la región Huánuco (Perú), para el período 2010-2020. Métodos. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada, adoptó un nivel explicativo y un diseño no experimental. Se empleó como base teórica la teoría del capital humano y datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares para la estimación de un modelo probit. Resultados. Se halló que las personas que cuentan con estudios secundarios son menos propensas a ser pobres. En particular, se encontró que la probabilidad de ser pobre monetariamente de una persona que cuenta con educación inicial, primaria, secundaria disminuye en 0,11 pp., 2.19 pp. y 3.60 pp., respectivamente. Conclusiones. Se concluye que tener un mayor nivel educativo de EBR conlleva a disminuir en mayor magnitud la probabilidad de ser pobre desde el enfoque monetario de la pobreza.
COMENTARIOS SOBRE EL ARTÍCULO
Yuan Hanedanı’nda İpek Tedarik Yöntemleri, Vergi ve Tahsisatları
Authors: Coşkun Derya , Oğuz Anıl Yasin
Published: August 2023

Dünya tarihinin en eski ticaret güzergâhı olarak bilinen İpek yolu; ticari, dinî ve kültürel anlamda meydana gelen etkileşim ve değişimlerin ana arteri durumundadır. Faklı coğrafyalarda yaşayan insanların gereksinimlerine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan bu yol, adını ticareti yapılan ipekten almışsa da değerli eşya ve malların yine bu yol vasıtasıyla farklı ülkelere gönderildiği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenledir ki Avrasya boyunca cereyan eden doğu-batı sentezi içerisinde, farklı etnik köken ve kültürlerin etkileşimi belirgin düzeyde hissedilmektedir. Özellikle Moğol İmparatorluğu Dönemi (1206-1294) çoğu zaman toplulukların farklı coğrafyalara göçürüldüğü, dünyanın iki ucu sayılabilecek Uzak Doğu ve Orta Doğu’nun kültürel manada önemli alışverişlerde bulunduğu bir dönemdi.

Eski devirlerden beri insanoğlunun dikkatini çeken ipek, insanların statüsü ve zenginliği hususunda belirgin bir rol oynamıştır. Maddi değerinden olsa gerek lüks bir meta olarak kabul edilip belirli bir vergi sistemine tabi tutulmuştur. Moğol İmparatorluğu Dönemi’nde (602-693/1206-1294) özellikle üretiminin en yoğun yaşandığı Çin’den hane temelli olmak üzere özel ipek vergileri toplanmaya başlanmıştır. Öyle ki Moğol Dönemi Çin’inde bazı aileler “ipek hanesi” (絲戶) adı altında diğer ailelerden ayrıştırılmıştır. Moğolların da ayrıca önem verdiği ipek vergisi Kuzey Çin’in muhtelif bölgelerinden “beş hane ipeği” (五戶絲) adı altında ham ipek vergileri olarak alınmaya başlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda değerlendirildiğinde makale, Moğolların Çin’den almış oldukları yıllık vergileri ve ipek tahsisatlarını konu edinmektedir.
The Origin of Star Formation in Early-type Galaxies Inferred from Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy
Authors: Lee Yun Hee , Hwang Ho Seong , Hwang Narae , Lee Jong Chul , Kim Ki-Beom
Published: August 2023

We investigate the origin of star formation activity in early-type galaxies with current star formation using spatially resolved spectroscopic data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We first identify star-forming early-type galaxies from the SDSS sample, which are morphologically early-type but show current star formation activity in their optical spectra. We then construct comparison samples with different combinations of star formation activity and morphology, which include star-forming late-type galaxies, quiescent early-type galaxies, and quiescent late-type galaxies. Our analysis of the optical spectra reveals that the star-forming early-type galaxies have two distinctive episodes of star formation, which is similar to late-type galaxies but different from quiescent early-type galaxies with a single star formation episode. Star-forming early-type galaxies have properties in common with star-forming late-type galaxies, which include stellar population, gas and dust content, mass, and environment. However, the physical properties of star-forming early-type galaxies derived from spatially resolved spectroscopy differ from those of star-forming late-type galaxies in the sense that the gas in star-forming early-type galaxies is more concentrated than their stars, and is often kinematically misaligned with stars. The age gradient of star-forming early-type galaxies also differs from those of star-forming late-type galaxies. Our findings suggest that the current star formation in star-forming early-type galaxies has an external origin including galaxy mergers or accretion gas from the cosmic web.
Modeling the Multiwavelength Evolution of the V960 Mon System
Authors: Carvalho Adolfo S. , Hillenbrand Lynne A. , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Dvorak Shawn , Sitko Michael , Russell Ray W. , Hammond Victoria , Connelley Michael , Ashley Michael C. B. , Hankins Matthew J.
Published: August 2023

We study the evolution of the FU Ori object V960 Mon since its outburst, using available multiwavelength photometric time series over 8 yr, complemented by several epochs of moderate-dispersion spectrophotometry. We find that the source fading can be well-described by a decrease in the temperature of the inner disk, which results from a combination of decreasing accretion rate and increasing inner disk radius. We model the system with a disk atmosphere model that produces the observed variations in multiband photometry (this paper) and high-resolution spectral lines (a companion paper).
The ASV Portal Allows for Efficient Handling of DNA Derived Data in the Living Atlas
Authors: Prager Maria , Lundin Daniel , Ronquist Fredrik , Andersson Anders
Published: August 2023

The Living Atlas platform functions as the national hub for integration of biodiversity data with environmental and contextual information in many countries, but it has had limited functionality for species occurrence data derived from DNA sequences. Meanwhile, molecular methods for species observation, such as metabarcoding of environmental DNA, are becoming increasingly important for documenting the diversity of life. To incorporate this rapidly growing data source into the platform, we developed the Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) portal: a web interface for DNA sequence-derived observations in the Living Atlas.

We identified three key features that would enhance the utility of the atlas platform for species occurrence data derived from metabarcoding: 1) storage of the processed barcode sequences (ASVs) underlying such occurrences, along with the ability to locate them using sequence alignment search; 2) the option to search for data based on sequencing details, such as target genes and primers; and 3) the possibility to update the taxonomic annotation of observed ASVs as reference databases evolve.

In this presentation, we demonstrate how these features have been implemented in the ASV portal, which now operates as a module within the Swedish Biodiversity Data Infrastructure (SBDI). We provide a brief overview of the underlying architecture and its integration with the Living Atlas and Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) platforms, showcase the online functionality, and conclude by discussing challenges and future development plans.
Two novel species and three new records of Torulaceae from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Wang Wen-Peng , Shen Hong-Wei , Bao Dan-Feng , Lu Yong-Zhong , Yang Qiu-Xia , Su Xi-Jun , Luo Zong-Long
Published: August 2023

While investigating the diversity of lignicolous fungi in Yunnan Province, China, six fresh collections of Torulaceae were collected and identified based on morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS, SSU, tef1-α, and rpb2 sequence data. Two new species, viz. Neopodoconis yunnanensis and Torula suae, and three new records, viz. T. canangae (new freshwater habitat record), T. masonii (new host record), and T. sundara (new freshwater habitat record) are reported. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and a phylogenetic tree to show the placement of these species are provided.
The relationship between statin therapy and adipocytokine/inflammatory mediators in dyslipidemic nondiabetic patients: A comparative study
Authors: Al-hussaniy Hany A. , Al-Shammari Ahmed Hamza , Naji Sameer Hayder , Oraibi Amjad I.
Published: August 2023

Background: Statins have emerged as a vital therapeutic option for dyslipidemia, effectively reducing morbidity and mortality in individuals with various medical conditions. Recent research has shed light on the intricate pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, which involves lipid accumulation and inflammatory mediators. This research was conducted to assess the correlation between statin therapy and adipocytokine and inflammatory mediator levels in dyslipidemic nondiabetic patients.

Methods: A total of 67 dyslipidemic nondiabetic patients were enrolled, alongside 33 healthy controls. The participants were categorized into three groups: Group (A), comprising patients undergoing statin therapy (n = 34), Group (B), consisting of patients not receiving statin therapy (n = 33); and Group (C), comprising healthy controls (n = 33).

Results: Patients not receiving statin therapy exhibited significant dyslipidemic profiles compared to patients undergoing statin therapy and healthy controls. Levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were higher in patients not receiving statin therapy. Serum levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) were higher in the statin group than in the non-statin group and controls. Additionally, PCSK9 levels were higher in patients treated with rosuvastatin than those treated with atorvastatin. Conversely, levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) were lower in the statin group compared to the non-statin group and controls. Although no significant difference in RBP4 levels between atorvastatin and rosuvastatin users was found, atorvastatin displayed lower RBP4 values. The study also revealed lower C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the statin group, primarily in the rosuvastatin subgroup, compared to the non-statin group.

Conclusion: Statin therapy increased PCSK9 levels, with a more pronounced rise observed in patients treated with rosuvastatin than atorvastatin. Statin therapy proved protective by reducing RBP4 and CRP levels in dyslipidemic nondiabetic patients.
Forest Bird Populations at the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Hawai‘i
Authors: Kendall Steven J. , Rounds Rachel A. , Camp Richard J. , Genz Ayesha S. , Cady Thomas , Ball Donna L.
Published: August 2023

Endemic Hawaiian forest birds have experienced dramatic population declines. The Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex (Refuge Complex) was established for the conservation of endangered forest birds and their habitats. Surveys have been conducted at two units of the Refuge Complex to monitor forest bird populations and their response to management actions. We analyzed survey data from 1987 to 2019 at the Hakalau Forest Unit (HFU) and from 1995 to 2019 at the Kona Forest Unit (KFU). We analyzed three strata at HFU: open-forest, closed-forest, and afforested-pasture, and two strata at KFU: upper (>1,524 m elevation) and lower (<1,524 m). In all years, ‘i‘iwi Vestiaria coccinea, ‘apapane Himatione sanguinea, and Hawai‘i ‘amakihi Chlorodrepanis virens virens were the most abundant species at HFU. Three endangered forest bird species, Hawai‘i ‘ākepa Loxops coccineus, ‘alawī Loxops mana (also known as Hawai‘i creeper) and ‘akiapōlā‘au Hemignathus wilsoni, had much lower densities. The most abundant species at KFU was ‘apapane, followed by Hawai‘i ‘amakihi at much lower densities. We found a continuation of several trends observed in previous analyses at HFU up to 2012, with most species’ trends upward in afforested-pasture stratum, stable in the open-forest stratum, and downward in the closed-forest stratum. However, more species were showing downward trends in all three strata during the most recent decade. Results were mixed at KFU, with most species’ trends downward in the upper stratum and upward in the lower stratum. Populations of endangered species were either locally extirpated at KFU or in numbers too low to reliably estimate population abundance. The Refuge Complex is important for conservation of forest birds on Hawai‘i Island. Our results show that HFU supports the majority of three endangered forest bird species. Threats to forest birds at the Refuge Complex appear to be having a negative impact. These threats include habitat loss, disease, feral ungulates, and nonnative predators. Continuing and enhancing management actions, such as forest restoration and removal of invasive species, could help mitigate these impacts and allow the Refuge Complex to remain a key site for forest bird conservation in Hawai‘i.
Blockchain-Enabled Smart Healthcare Systems Using IoT
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Singh Karan
Published: August 2023

A healthcare system is the medical platform through which patients get better treatment. Several hospitals and doctors are linked together through this platform in a hierarchy and treat the patient easily. In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is a very challenging task to treat the patients physically; therefore, there is a need to redevelop the healthcare system to fulfill the modern demand. The state of the art of this scheme is to provide remote treatment facilities and build a secure online system. Blockchain technology combined with IoT provides the solution through its vital features of transparency, immutability, decentralization, and trust-less environment. IoT devices capture the patient health status and process it and send to blockchain; therefore, information sharing between devices, hospitals, and doctors are at risk and need to provide security. Using key management scheme in smart contract to ensure integrity of data, this scheme provides better treatment at cheap cost as well as efficiency and security compared to traditional healthcare systems.
Nanopriming Technology for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Rawat Sapna
Published: August 2023

Climate change has had detrimental impacts on the growth and development of crops, leading to reduced crop production and endangering global food security. However, nanotechnology offers a promising solution to address these challenges in agriculture, ushering in the era of “NanoTech-Agril.” By employing seed priming with nanoparticles, farmers can mitigate the impacts of climate change such as salinity, drought, and floods, thereby enhancing crop yields. This seed priming method improves seed metabolism and signaling pathways, leading to enhanced germination and overall plant growth throughout their life cycle. Additionally, nano-seed priming activates various metabolic, biochemical, antioxidant, and phytohormone pathways, bolstering plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. Consequently, the reliance on pesticides and fertilizers can be reduced. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the applications of nanoparticles in sustainable agriculture, providing valuable insights into their potential uses.
Nanopriming for Crop Management for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Majeed Muhammad , Muhammad Murad , Nawaz Sehar , Naz Tayyaba , Iqbal Muhammad Mazhar , Zahid Nafeesa , Hussain Mumtaz , Khan Allah Nawaz , Abbas Ghulam , Gulshan Allah Bakhsh , Mehboob Maria
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to inform scholars in the aforementioned fields on the state of the art in seed nano-priming methods and the ongoing research that is shaping sustainable agricultural practices for the modern day. As things are, agriculture is hampered by a number of abiotic and variables that reduce yields. These stressors on crops are made worse by a lack of freshwater supplies, changes in the climate, and the inefficiency of currently available agrochemicals. The agricultural sector has recently shown an interest in nanomaterials such carbon tubes, nanofiber, and nanoparticles. Coating the nanoparticle with the target substance before releasing it into the surrounding soil or plant increases absorption of the target substance relative to the non-engineered nanomaterial. In order to strike an evolving equilibrium between agricultural output and environmental sustainability, nanotechnology undoubtedly offers a fresh platform. Nano-priming may also be utilized for targeted biofortification of seeds, which can improve crop yields and food quality.
Impact of Nanopriming and Omics-Based Applications for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Sharma Himani , Kumar Atin , Singh Rajat , Kumar Satendra
Published: August 2023

The concept of omics technologies in the agriculture sector is gaining importance nowadays due to its diverse applications like genomics which is based on genome sequences, transcriptomic which is based on gene expression and profiling, proteomics which is based on protein content, and metabolomics which involves the study of the metabolism of an organism. A revolutionary transformation in the last decade in the domain of omics has made analytical and scientific procedures cost-effective, easier, and faster and has increased accuracy. With the introduction of technologies involving omics in the field of agriculture, it has now become easier to identify and recognize the presence of different genes and genomic sequences liable for various agronomic traits like genes responsible for increasing yield, and genes for inducing resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Utilization of such technologies has resulted in obtaining accurate gene interpretation and identifying gene markers, thus acting as a guiding hand in the development of new crop varieties with some desirable traits.
Is It Time to Develop an Equity Vision?
Authors: Kose Brad W.
Published: August 2023

While developing and promoting a shared vision is an important role for educational leaders, an increasing body of evidence demonstrates that leaders face a number of obstacles in promoting an equity-centered vision. These challenges include navigating varying perspectives on what equity means as well as leading in polarized contexts that question or oppose equity ideas and initiatives. In this chapter, the author draws upon scholarship and a decade of school and district leadership experiences to offer six questions for educational leaders to consider in developing or revising an equity vision.
Regular Language Encryption for Secured Storage of Cloud Data in Smart Home-Based Cities
Authors: Muthurajkumar S. , Praveen R. , Yogeshwar S. , Muthukumaran K. A. , Abishek K. C.
Published: August 2023

The smart city is an evolution of a smart home. According to a report by ABI Research, almost 300 million smart homes have been installed around the world by 2022. The smart sensors of separate homes, various organizations are connected to make a city smart. The regular language encryption is privacy ensuring and at the same time proves to be secured against the keyword guessing attack (KGA). The authors propose a model in which they regulate the way the user wants to search and return results. They also provide privacy to the outsourced data by encrypting the content before being outsourced to the database server. The entire module is controlled by keyword generation center (KGC), which is responsible for approving the owners for uploading the files to the cloud server and the users for downloading the files from the same. In this work, the authors introduce a model to behave in a way where the approved user has the entire control over his data and also has the role of granting permission to the user who requests access for the particular data.
Impact of Development on Climate Change
Authors: Jige Sandipan Babasaheb
Published: August 2023

The earth began showing the human population's impact around 1950. The human population increase needs different things so that its effect the cutting down the forest and land used for agriculture, industrialization, and urbanization development. The forest is cut on average 28 million hectors every year from 2016, and this results in the destruction of the wildlife, endangering many species of animals and plants. Measuring climate change and the green house gas emission effect, it can be seen that 20% of species in critical risk of extinction. The increase of human population and development increase the extraction of resources from environment, like fossil fuels, oil, gas and coal, minerals, trees, water, and wildlife, etc. The use of water for drinking, agriculture, reaction, and industrial process is extracted from dams, lake, river, ground, and man-made sources. The construction of urban areas like homes, businesses, and roads to accommodate growing population and observe what affect development has on increasing environmental impacts. The population increase has resulted in more land needed for agricultural activities to grow crops and support the livestock.
Third Space Possibilities of Storytelling
Authors: Leck Mika C.
Published: August 2023

This chapter highlights the author's lived experience navigating her identity within Japan, the United States, and the transnational third space using autoethnography through storytelling. Autoethnography is a qualitative research tool that acts as a platform for and allows silenced, ignored, minoritized, oppressed, erased, and invisible voices and experiences to be accessed and heard. The author's accounts are through vignettes to illustrate her journey of empowerment in this transnational space. Suggestions are on how autoethnography can be useful in research and in classroom settings to create a transnational Third Space in educational contexts.
From Learners' Plight to Strategized Learning
Authors: Salayo Juland Dayo , Fesalbon Jann Ernest R. , Valerio Lorena C. , Litao Rodrigo A.
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine learners' challenges and best practices that characterize and define ‘third space' in learning engagement. Thirteen senior high school students from a comprehensive university in Manila, the Philippines, have participated in this multiple case study. Results showed that those challenges were classified as follows: accessing the school's primary platform, attending synchronous sessions, downloading instructional materials, responding to assessments, and establishing a good flow of communication. On the other hand, learners also showed strategic practices that helped them achieve quality learning and promote community, collaboration, and cooperation. Ultimately, virtual discoursal activities, such as collaboration, communication, negotiation, and consultation, strengthen the third space in learning engagement. Further, this study strengthens learners' roles as significant partners in any educative process by considering their perceptions, sentiments, and observations as references for improving instructional practices through the support of the teachers.