bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sorbent‐Enhanced Steam Methane Reforming Reaction Studied over a Ca‐Based CO2 Sorbent and Ni Catalyst
Authors: Broda M. , Kierzkowska A. M. , Müller C. R.
Published: August 2013

The sorption‐enhanced steam methane reforming (SE‐SMR) reaction using a mixture of a Ni‐hydrotalcite‐derived catalyst synthesized via coprecipitation and Ca‐based sorbents synthesized by the sol‐gel technique was investigated. The materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, N2 physisorption, and scanning electron microscopy. Under SE‐SMR conditions, the mole fraction of hydrogen in the effluent stream was 0.99 in the pre‐breakthrough stage (dry and without inert component), thus reaching thermodynamic equilibrium. The stability of the synthetic Ca‐based material was attributed to the formation of a finely and homogeneously dispersed high Tammann temperature support which stabilized its nanostructured morphology.
ChemInform Abstract: Change of the Cerium Valence with Temperature — Structure and Chemical Bonding of HT‐CeRhGe.
Authors: Svitlyk Volodymyr , Hermes Wilfried , Chevalier Bernard , Matar Samir F. , Gaudin Etienne , Vosswinkel Daniel , Chernyshov Dmitry , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Poettgen Rainer
Published: August 2013

Polycrystalline CeRhGe is prepared by arc‐melting of the elements and characterized by synchrotron powder XRD and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of the Bromide‐Derivatized Lanthanoid(III) ortho‐Oxomolybdates(VI) LnBr[MoO4] (Ln: Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd—Lu).
Authors: Schustereit Tanja , Henning Harald , Schleid Thomas , Hartenbach Ingo
Published: August 2013

LnBr[MoO4] (Ln: Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd—Lu) are prepared by solid state reaction of LnBr3, Ln2O3, and MoO3 in the molar ratio of 1:1:3 (evacuated silica ampoules, 820 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental Visualization of the Diffusional Pathway of Oxide Ions in a Layered Perovskite‐Type Cobaltite PrBaCo2O5+δ.
Authors: Chen Yi‐Ching , Yashima Masatomo , Pena‐Martinez Juan , Kilner John A.
Published: August 2013

The crystal structure and oxide‐ion diffusion pathway of the title compound at 596 and 1000 °C are characterized by in situ high‐temperature neutron powder diffraction and a maximum‐entropy method based nuclear density analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in NaA Zeolite Cages.
Authors: Kulshreshtha S. K. , Vijayalakshmi R. , Sudarsan V. , Salunke H. G. , Bhargava S. C.
Published: August 2013

NaA zeolites of general composition Na2O·Al2O3·2SiO2 ·nH2O·xFe2O3 (x = 0.0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.13, 0.17) are prepared from aqueous solutions of sodium metasilicate, sodium aluminate, ferric nitrate, and NaOH (autoclave, 85 °C, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Nanosized Rare‐Earth Hexaborides: Low‐Temperature Preparation and Microstructural Analysis.
Authors: Aprea Alessia , Maspero Angelo , Masciocchi Norberto , Guagliardi Antonietta , Albisetti Alessandro Figini , Giunchi Giovanni
Published: August 2013

Rare earth hexaborides LnB6 (Ln: Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Yb) are prepared from mixtures of LnCl3·6H2O and MgB2 (650 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Optical Properties of Pb6B3O10X (X: F, Cl, Br).
Authors: Dong Lingyun , Pan Shilie , Wu Hongping , Su Xin , Yu Hongwei , Wang Ying , Chen Zhaohui , Huang Zhenjun , Yang Zhihua
Published: August 2013

Compounds (III) and (V) crystallize isotypically in the orthorhombic space group Pbcm with Z = 4 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: The Ternary Germanides UMnGe and U2Mn3Ge.
Authors: Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Poettgen Rainer , Chevalier Bernard , Gaudin Etienne , Matar Samir F.
Published: August 2013

The title compounds are synthesized by induction levitation melting of the elements and subsequent annealing at 1070 K for 10 d.
ChemInform Abstract: Zr2Fe12As7 and Hf2+xFe12‐yAs7 with Zr2Fe12P7 Type Structure: Iron Arsenides with Layered Sections from LiFeAs Structure.
Authors: Bischoff M. , Shlyk L. , Niewa R.
Published: August 2013

The new compound Zr2Fe12As7 is synthesized from the elements at 1110 °C (pressed pellet, alumina crucible in a sealed Ta tube, 96 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Polyanionic Topologies in Ag2VAsO6 and Ag6V2As2O13.
Authors: Nuss Juergen , Curda Jan , Jansen Martin
Published: August 2013

Ag2VAsO6 (I) and Ag6V2As2O13 (II) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of Ag2O, V2O5, and As2O3 under high oxygen pressure (autoclave, Au tubes; for (I): 40 mPa O2, 750 K, 72 h; for (II): 55 MPa., 750 K, 36 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cyanation of Isatin Derived N‐Boc Ketoimines.
Authors: Liu Yun‐Lin , Zhou Jian
Published: August 2013

The first catalytic asymmetric Strecker reaction of title compounds (I) which enables highly enantioselective synthesis of oxindole based α‐amino nitriles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Robust Palladium(II)—Porphyrin Complex as Catalyst for Visible Light Induced Oxidative C—H Functionalization.
Authors: To Wai‐Pong , Liu Yungen , Lau Tai‐Chu , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: August 2013

The newly developed Pd‐porphyrin complex is an efficient catalyst for different photoinduced oxidation reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Oxidation of Aldehydes to Mixed Anhydrides.
Authors: Toledo Hila , Pisarevsky Evgeni , Abramovich Adi , Szpilman Alex M.
Published: August 2013

TEMPO catalyzes the direct oxidation of aldehydes (I) to mixed anhydrides in the presence of pivalic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: CuCl‐Catalyzed ortho Trifluoromethylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes with a Pivalamido Directing Group.
Authors: Cai Shangjun , Chen Chao , Sun Zelin , Xi Chanjuan
Published: August 2013

The Cu‐catalyzed direct trifluoromethylation of aromatic C—H bonds is achieved using Togni′s reagent as the CF3 source.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Preparation of Amides from Carboxylic Acids and Amines with Ion‐Supported Ph3P.
Authors: Kawagoe Yuhsuke , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo
Published: August 2013

The substrate scope of the amidation reaction of carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of CCl3Br and an ion‐supported phosphine is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Core—Shell AgNP@CeO2 Nanocomposite Catalyst for Highly Chemoselective Reductions of Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Mitsudome Takato , Matoba Motoshi , Mizugaki Tomoo , Jitsukawa Koichiro , Kaneda Kiyotomi
Published: August 2013

Different unsaturated aldehydes are hydrogenated by using the title nanocomposite (17 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocatalytic Oxidation of n‐Propanol to Produce Propionic Acid Using an Electrocatalytic Membrane Reactor.
Authors: Li Jiao , Li Jianxin , Wang Hong , Cheng Bowen , He Benqiao , Yan Feng , Yang Yang , Guo Wenshan , Ngo Huu Hao
Published: August 2013

An electrocatalytic membrane reactor assembled using a nano‐MnO2 loading microporous Ti membrane as an anode and a tubular stainless steel as a cathode is used to oxidize PrOH to produce propionic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Functionalized Carbocycles Having Contiguous Tertiary Carbinol and All‐Carbon Stereogenic Centers.
Authors: Reddy Chennakesava , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda , Aslam Nayyar Ahmad , Rajkumar Vadla
Published: August 2013

An efficient and highly stereoselective method for the synthesis of a wide range of different substituted carbocycles with β‐hydroxy ester functionalization is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Pauson—Khand Reactions in a Photochemical Flow Microreactor.
Authors: Asano Keisuke , Uesugi Yuki , Yoshida Jun‐ichi
Published: August 2013

The products are obtained in diastereopure form.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical and Efficient Organocatalytic Enantioselective α‐Hydroxyamination Reactions of β‐Ketoamides.
Authors: Mailhol Damien , Castillo Juan‐Carlos , Mohanan Kishor , Abonia Rodrigo , Coquerel Yoann , Rodriguez Jean
Published: August 2013

In some cases an increase in catalyst loading from 0.5 mol% to 10 mol% results in higher enantioselectivity of the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Carbofunctionalization of Alkynes to Highly Functionalized Tetrasubstituted Alkenes.
Authors: Suero Marcos G. , Bayle Elliott D. , Collins Beatrice S. L. , Gaunt Matthew J.
Published: August 2013

Highly functionalized tri‐ and tetra‐substituted alkenyl triflates are prepared from alkynes and vinyl(aryl) or diaryliodonium salts.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Method for C‐Devinylation of Aromatic Systems.
Authors: Bharate Sandip B. , Mudududdla Ramesh , Sharma Rohit , Vishwakarma Ram A.
Published: August 2013

The attempt to cause formylation of vinylic systems bearing a 2,4,6‐trimethoxybenzene moiety fails and the devinylated product (III) is formed instead.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Domino Reaction of Allyl 2‐En‐4‐ynyl Ethers to 1,3,6‐Trien‐4‐yl Ketones.
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Graf Katharina , Ackermann Martin , Rominger Frank
Published: August 2013

The reaction proceeds under mild conditions which are crucial as harsher conditions would not be tolerated due to the high degree of conjugation in the products.
ChemInform Abstract: The Tandem Intermolecular Hydroalkoxylation/Claisen Rearrangement.
Authors: Ketcham John M. , Biannic Berenger , Aponick Aaron
Published: August 2013

An Au‐catalyzed intermolecular hydroxyalkoxylation of alkynes (II) and (VI) with allylic alcohols provides allyl vinylethers that subsequently undergo [3,3]‐sigmatropic Claisen rearrangement to furnish γ,δ‐unsaturated ketones in a single step in good yields and diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic and Chemoselective Oxidation of Activated Alcohols and Direct Conversion of Diols to Lactones with in situ‐Generated Bis‐IBX Catalyst.
Authors: Seth Saona , Jhulki Samik , Moorthy Jarugu Narasimha
Published: August 2013

Different substituted primary alcohols can be converted to acids or aldehydes by simply changing the solvent and the temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Calcium Iodide for Asymmetric Mannich‐Type Reactions of Malonates with Imines Providing β‐Aminocarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Tsubogo Tetsuo , Shimizu Shota , Kobayashi Shu
Published: August 2013

A chiral air‐ and moisture‐stable calcium iodide catalyst, generated in situ from CaI2 and pybox‐ligands, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition of Ethyl Nitroacetate to Enones Using Natural Amino Acids‐Derived C1‐Symmetric Chiral Primary—Secondary Diamines.
Authors: Zhou Yirong , Liu Qiang , Gong Yuefa
Published: August 2013

An optimal catalyst system is elaborated for the synthesis of various chiral γ‐nitroketone adducts, which represent important building blocks.
ChemInform Abstract: Amide Formation in One Pot from Carboxylic Acids and Amines via Carboxyl and Sulfinyl Mixed Anhydrides.
Authors: Zambron Bartosz K. , Dubbaka Srinivas R. , Markovic Dean , Moreno‐Clavijo Elena , Vogel Pierre
Published: August 2013

The method can be extended to the preparation of di‐ and tripeptides without epimerization.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Amidation of Aldehydes with Primary Amines under Mild Conditions Catalyzed by Diolefin‐Amine—RhI Complexes.
Authors: Rodriguez‐Lugo Rafael E. , Trincado Monica , Gruetzmacher Hansjoerg
Published: August 2013

The reaction tolerates aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic aldehydes and amines and proceeds with ammonia as well.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Stereoselective Addition of Lithiated Ynamides to Ellman—Davis Chiral N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Imines.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Na , Hsung Richard P. , Qi Rui , Fox Sierra K. , Lv Ming‐Can
Published: August 2013

The reaction of lithiated ynamides with the chiral sulfinyl imines is diastereoselective affording the products with the (S) configuration at the propargylic carbon.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient Schiff Base Derived Palladium Catalyst for the Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions of Aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Shahnaz Nasifa , Banik Biplab , Das Pankaj
Published: August 2013

Optimized conditions including complex PSB are developed for the coupling reactions of less reactive aryl chlorides with arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Hiyama‐Type Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Arenesulfinates with Organosilanes.
Authors: Cheng Kai , Hu Sai , Zhao Baoli , Zhang Xian‐Man , Qi Chenze
Published: August 2013

The title method allows a new, straightforward, and mild access to a wide range of biaryls.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Alkylations of 1,2,4‐Trimethoxybenzene with Aldehydes or Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: Wilsdorf Michael , Leichnitz Daniel , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich
Published: August 2013

An operationally simple and mild protocol for double arylation of aldehydes and for substitutions of benzylic alcohols is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Arylation of Benzoylacrylic Acids Toward the Synthesis of Chalcones.
Authors: Unoh Yuto , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro
Published: August 2013

Two simple routes to synthetically and biologically important chalcones are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Aminated α‐Methylenebenzocycloalkenes from o‐Bromoaryl Aldehydes and Ketones.
Authors: Sirvent Juan Alberto , Foubelo Francisco , Yus Miguel
Published: August 2013

The authors report on a two‐step synthesis to the title cycloalkenes via an indium‐promoted allylation reaction, followed by a Heck‐coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(0)/Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization of Aryl 1‐Cyanoalk‐5‐ynyl Ketone System: Rapid Assembly of Cyclopenta[b]naphthalene and Benzo[b]fluorene Derivatives.
Authors: Wong Ying‐Chieh , Kao Tzu‐Ting , Yeh Yu‐Cheng , Hsieh Bing‐Siou , Shia Kak‐Shan
Published: August 2013

A variety of cyclopenta[b]naphthalene (III) and (X) as well as benzo[b]fluorene derivatives (VIII) is prepared via sequential Pd(0)/Cu(I)‐catalyzed radical cyclization of aryl 1‐cyanoalk‐5‐ynyl ketone systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular Enantioselective Heck—Matsuda Arylations of Acyclic Olefins: Application to the Synthesis of β‐Aryl‐γ‐lactones and β‐Aryl Aldehydes.
Authors: Oliveira Caio C. , Angnes Ricardo A. , Correia Carlos Roque D.
Published: August 2013

The straightforward and efficient method allows the synthesis of various title compounds with good to high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Domino Reactions for the Stereoselective Assembly of Highly Functionalized Bis‐(trans‐2,3‐dihydrofuranyl) Sulfides.
Authors: Vinosha Beer Mohamed , Perumal Subbu , Renuga Subbiah , Almansour Abdulrahman I.
Published: August 2013

The base‐mediated reaction of substrates (I) with phenacyl bromides proceeds with complete selectivity to give sulfides of type (III) (19 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd/C‐Mediated Synthesis of (Z)‐3‐Alkylidenephthalides of Potential Pharmacological Interest.
Authors: Rambabu D. , Kumar G. Pavan , Kumar Barange Deepak , Kapavarapu Ravikumar , Rao M. V. Basaveswara , Pal Manojit
Published: August 2013

The coupling—cyclization of o‐bromobenzoic acid with terminal alkynes uses a bimetallic Pd‐C/Cu catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Substituted Furans and Pyrroles by Heterocyclodehydration and Tandem Heterocyclodehydration—Hydration of 3‐Yne‐1,2‐diols and 1‐Amino‐3‐yn‐2‐ol Derivatives.
Authors: Gabriele Bartolo , Veltri Lucia , Plastina Pierluigi , Mancuso Raffaella , Vetere Mabel V. , Maltese Vito
Published: August 2013

A general and convenient method for the synthesis of furans and pyrroles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1‐(1‐Halovinyl)‐1H‐indoles from 1‐Ethynyl‐1H‐indoles with in situ Generated HX.
Authors: Sato Akihiro H. , Ohashi Kazuhiro , Ito Kouhei , Iwasawa Tetsuo
Published: August 2013

The process is quickly completed under mild conditions and readily amenable to scale‐up.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Indole Homo‐Michael Adducts via Dynamic Kinetic Friedel—Crafts Alkylation with Cyclopropanes.
Authors: Wales Steven M. , Walker Morgan M. , Johnson Jeffrey S.
Published: August 2013

The choice of the N‐protecting group (Tbs) is crucial.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrazoles Through a Four‐Step Cascade Sequence.
Authors: Hao Lu , Hong Jun‐Jie , Zhu Jun , Zhan Zhuang‐Ping
Published: August 2013

Propargylic alcohols are efficiently converted into 3,4,5‐substituted pyrazoles in the presence of FeCl3 as catalyst tolerating various substitution pattern.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Pro‐Apoptosis Activity of Etodolac Hydrazide Derivatives as Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Cikla Pelin , Oezsavci Derya , Bingoel‐Oezakpinar Oezlem , Sener Azize , Cevik Oezge , Oezbas‐Turan Suna , Akbuga Juelide , Sahin Fikrettin , Kuecuekguezel S. Gueniz
Published: August 2013

Etodolac hydrazide derivative (Ic) induces apoptosis in human PC‐3 prostate cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Water Soluble Triazolopyridiniums as Tunable Blue Light Emitters.
Authors: Su Xin , Liptak Matthew D. , Aprahamian Ivan
Published: August 2013

Title compounds (II) and (IV) are prepared via a novel Cu(II)‐mediated oxidative cyclization reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated, Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of 3‐Iodochromones, Thiochromones, and Quinolones with Ethyl Bromodifluoroacetate.
Authors: Han Xiaodong , Yue Zhizhou , Zhang Xiaofei , He Qian , Yang Chunhao
Published: August 2013

The reactions of the compounds (If), (Va), and (VI) are incomplete.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Annulations of 2‐Bromoenals with 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds and Enamines via Chiral α,β‐Unsaturated Acylazoliums.
Authors: Yetra Santhivardhana Reddy , Bhunia Anup , Patra Atanu , Mane Manoj V. , Vanka Kumar , Biju Akkattu T.
Published: August 2013

The title reaction results in the formation of synthetically and medicinally important dihydropyranones and dihydropyridinones in high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Recyclable Magnetite—Ceria (Nanocat—Fe—Ce) Nanocatalyst — Applications in Multicomponent Reactions under Benign Conditions.
Authors: Gawande Manoj B. , Bonifacio Vasco D. B. , Varma Rajender S. , Nogueira Isabel D. , Bundaleski Nenad , Ghumman C. Amjad A. , Teodoro Orlando M. N. D. , Branco Paula S.
Published: August 2013

The title catalyst is developed and used in multicomponent syntheses of di‐ and tetrahydropyridines [(IV) and (VII)].
ChemInform Abstract: Re/Mg Bimetallic Tandem Catalysis for [4 + 2] Annulation of Benzamides and Alkynes via C—H/N—H Functionalization.
Authors: Tang Qiuzheng , Xia Dexin , Jin Xiqing , Zhang Qing , Sun Xiao‐Qiang , Wang Congyang
Published: August 2013

The diastereoselective outcome of these reactions can be easily inverted by changing concentration, temperature and reaction time.
ChemInform Abstract: Scaffold‐Divergent Synthesis of Ring‐Fused Indoles, Quinolines, and Quinolones via Iodonium‐Induced Reaction Cascades.
Authors: Halim Rosliana , Aurelio Luigi , Scammells Peter J. , Flynn Bernard L.
Published: August 2013

A ready access to a range of different polycyclic scaffolds through minor changes in the reaction conditions and/or substrate substitution patterns is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic, Asymmetric Indolizidinone Aza‐Quaternary Stereocenter Synthesis: Expedient Synthesis of the Cylindricine Alkaloid Core.
Authors: Dalton Derek M. , Rovis Tomislav
Published: August 2013

The cylindricine core (IX) is synthesized in 7 steps and 11% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: One Pot Imino Diels—Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐3,4‐dihydrobenzo[f]quinoline Derivatives Catalyzed by Antimony Trichloride.
Authors: Maiti Gourhari , Karmakar Rajiv , Kayal Utpal
Published: August 2013

The three‐component method is successful for naphthylamines (I) and (X), diesters (II) and (VI) and a series of aromatic aldehydes to produce the desired structural motifs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines Based on [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Initiated by Rh2(cap)4‐Catalyzed Oxidation.
Authors: Wang Hong‐Tu , Lu Chong‐Dao
Published: August 2013

Azomethine ylides, generated in situ, undergo 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with various dipolarophiles followed by oxidative aromatization in the presence of NBS to afford the title skeleton.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Tautomeric Structures, and Antitumor Activity of New Perimidines.
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya A. , Mahmoud Huda K.
Published: August 2013

New perimidine (IIIb) reveals higher antitumor activity against liver carcinoma cell line HEPG‐2 and human breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 than reference compound doxorubicin.
ChemInform Abstract: New Arylpiperazines with Flexible versus Partly Constrained Linker as Serotonin 5‐HT1A/5‐HT7 Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Kowalski Piotr , Mitka Katarzyna , Jaskowska Jolanta , Duszynska Beata , Bojarski Andrzej J.
Published: August 2013

A variety of new arylpiperazine and related tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives are synthesized and evaluated for their potential as serotonin receptor ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Tri‐ and α‐Tetrasubstituted Allylsilanes by Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution of Allyl Phosphates with Silylboronates.
Authors: Takeda Momotaro , Shintani Ryo , Hayashi Tamio
Published: August 2013

Functional groups such as halides, acetals, and esters are well tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: Fused Heteroaromatic Dihydrosiloles: Synthesis and Double‐Fold Modification.
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexey , Onishi Yoshiharu , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Gevorgyan Vladimir
Published: August 2013

The presented method for the synthesis of dihydrosiloles is efficient for both electron‐deficient and ‐rich heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, Antioxidant, and anti‐Breast Cancer Activities of Novel Diethyl(alkyl/aryl/heteroarylamino)(4‐ (pyridin‐2‐yl)phenyl)methylphosphonates.
Authors: Prasad Sthanikam Siva , Kumar Krishnammagari Suresh , Jayaprakash Soora Harinath , Krishna Balam Satheesh , Sundar Chereddy Syama , Rao Pasupuleti Visweswara , Babu Thirumalasetty Munichandra , Rajendra Wudayagiri , Reddy Cirandur Suresh
Published: August 2013

A series of new title phosphonates (III) (20 examples) are synthesized via a three‐component Kabachnik—Fields reaction under solvent‐free microwave irradiation conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirostanoids with 1,4‐Dien‐3‐one or 3β,7α‐Diol‐5,6‐ene Moieties from Solanum violaceum.
Authors: Chang Fang‐Rong , Yen Chiao‐Ting , El‐Shazly Mohamed , Yu Cheng‐Ying , Yen Ming‐Hong , Cheng Yuan‐Bin , Chen Shu‐Li , Wu Yang‐Chang
Published: August 2013

isolation and cytotoxic activity of four new steroidal sapogenins, indiosides L‐O, along with eight known steroids, one lignin, and a coumarin
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of 1,2‐cis‐α‐Glycosides Without Directing Groups. Application to Iterative Oligosaccharide Synthesis.
Authors: Chu An‐Hsiang Adam , Nguyen Son Hong , Sisel Jordan A. , Minciunescu Andrei , Bennett Clay S.
Published: August 2013

A variety of acceptors is applied in the reactions of thioglycosides (I) or (IV), including (II), cholesterol, and mono‐ and disaccharides.
ChemInform Abstract: Evaluation of anti‐HCV Activity and SAR Study of (+)‐Lycoricidine Through Targeting of Host Heat‐Stress Cognate 70 (Hsc70).
Authors: Hao Xiao‐Jiang , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

(+)‐Lycoricidine (I) inhibits the replication of HCV in HCV‐infected Huh‐7.5 cells by suppressing host Hsc70 expression.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Approach to Quinolizidines: Total Synthesis of Cermizine D and Formal Syntheses of Senepodine G and Cermizine C.
Authors: Veerasamy Nagarathanam , Carlson Erik C. , Collett Nathan D. , Saha Mrinmoy , Carter Rich G.
Published: August 2013

The total synthesis of cermizine D (VIII) is achieved by an organocatalyzed heteroatom Michael addition process to access a common intermediate (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Double Michael Addition Reactions of a Synthetic Equivalent of the Nazarov Reagent.
Authors: Amat Mercedes , Arioli Federica , Perez Maria , Molins Elies , Bosch Joan
Published: August 2013

The synthetic equivalent of the Nazarov reagent (II) is stable in storage at ‐20 °C under N2‐atmosphere for several months.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review on Nitrosyl Metal Halides and Mass Spectroscopic Support for the Dimeric Structure of [Ni(NO)I]2 and [Pd(NO)Cl]2. A Tribute to Walter Hieber (1895—1976) and Fritz Seel (1915—1987)
Authors: Beck Wolfgang , Fischer Gerd , Goebel Michael , Evers Juergen , Klapoetke Thomas M.
Published: August 2013

Review: < 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Characterization of New Perovskites
Authors: Lozano‐Gorrin Antonio Diego
Published: August 2013

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Responsive Self‐assembled Composite Materials
Authors: Nelson Alshakim , Dai Qiu
Published: August 2013

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide Acylpyrazolonates: Synthesis, Properties and Structural Features
Authors: Belousov Yu. A. , Drozdov A. A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioinspired Catalysis
Authors: Swiegers Gerhard F. , Chen Jun , Wagner Pawel
Published: August 2013

Review: 128 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cubitane: A Rare Diterpenoid Skeleton
Authors: Wefer Johannes , Simon Kristina , Lindel Thomas
Published: August 2013

Review: 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Recent Developments on the Synthesis, Chemical Reactivity, and Theoretical Studies of Tetroxanes
Authors: Jorge Nelly L. , Hernandez‐Laguna Alfonso , Castro Eduardo A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Weckhuysen Bert
Published: August 2013

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: van Santen Rutger
Published: August 2013

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Molecular to Supramolecular: An Exploration into the Modes of Self‐Assembly in Conformationally Locked Polycyclitols
Authors: Mehta Goverdhan , Sen Saikat
Published: August 2013

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Acidic Isocyanides in Multicomponent Chemistry
Authors: Elders Niels , Ruijter Eelco , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Orru Romano V. A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 189 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Activities of Heterogeneous Acid—Base Catalysts for Fragrances Synthesis
Authors: Hartati H. , Santoso Mardi , Triwahyono Sugeng , Prasetyoko Didik
Published: August 2013

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Bowl‐Shaped Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Stepien Marcin
Published: August 2013

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedition Through the Last Decade of Heterocyclic Construction by Using Palladium, Iron, Copper, or Iodine/tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide
Authors: Gao Lingfeng , Xiong Shunshun , Wan Changfeng , Wang Zhiyong
Published: August 2013

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Main‐Group Lewis Acids for C—F Bond Activation
Authors: Stahl Timo , Klare Hendrik F. T. , Oestreich Martin
Published: August 2013

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Yao Yingming , Nie Kun
Published: August 2013

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Synthesis
Authors: Mori Yuichiro , Kobayashi Shu
Published: August 2013

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Brook Silenes: Inspiration for a Generation
Authors: Baines Kim M.
Published: August 2013

Review: 30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Metabolites of the Genus Astragalus: Structure and Biological‐Activity Update
Authors: Yang Li‐Peng , Shen Jian‐Gang , Xu Wen‐Cheng , Li Jin , Jiang Jian‐Qin
Published: August 2013

Review: 290 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: HIV/AIDS Eradication
Authors: Marsden Matthew D. , Zack Jerome A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocyclic Drugs and Synthetic Methodologies Toward Macrocycles
Authors: Yu Xufen , Sun Dianqing
Published: August 2013

Review: 237 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendritic Architectures Based on Bis‐MPA: Functional Polymeric Scaffolds for Application‐Driven Research
Authors: Carlmark Anna , Malmstroem Eva , Malkoch Michael
Published: August 2013

Review: 146 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrical Biosensors and the Label Free Detection of Protein Disease Biomarkers
Authors: Luo Xiliang , Davis Jason J.
Published: August 2013

Review: 188 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Calculation of Magnetic Properties and Spectroscopic Parameters of Manganese Clusters with Density Functional Theory
Authors: Kanda K. , Yamanaka S. , Saito T. , Kitagawa Y. , Kawakami T. , Okumura M. , Yamaguchi K.
Published: August 2013

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Graphane and Hydrogenated Graphene
Authors: Pumera Martin , Wong Colin Hong An
Published: August 2013

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Mass Spectrometric Techniques to Delineate the Modes‐of‐Action of Anticancer Metallodrugs
Authors: Hartinger Christian G. , Groessl Michael , Meier Samuel M. , Casini Angela , Dyson Paul J.
Published: August 2013

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Analysis of Radicals by EPR
Authors: Walton John C.
Published: August 2013

Review: 242 refs.
Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoretic Enantioseparation of Water Insoluble Tröger's Base Derivatives Using β‐Cyclodextrin as Chiral Selector
Authors: Řezanka Pavel , Sýkora David , Novotný Michal , Havlík Martin , Král Vladimír
Published: August 2013

Racemic mixtures of six Tröger's base derivatives were separated by chiral nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis. The separation protocol was optimized first for suitable solvents. Then the applicability of various salts dissolved in organic solvents and their mixtures was evaluated. As chiral selectors β‐cyclodextrin and heptakis(2,6‐di‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin at various concentrations were used. The best enantioselectivity for the studied analytes was obtained utilizing formamide as organic nonaqueous solvent containing a mixture of sodium citrate and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane acetate as electrolytes, and β‐cyclodextrin as chiral additive. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis for enantioseparation of Tröger's base derivatives. This technique represents a suitable alternative to more commonly used capillary electrophoresis in aqueous environment. Chirality 25:810–813, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
O2 Binding to Heme is Strongly Facilitated by Near‐Degeneracy of Electronic States
Authors: Kepp Kasper P.
Published: August 2013

This paper reports the computed O2 binding to heme, which for the first time explains experimental enthalpies for this process of central importance to bioinorganic chemistry. All four spin states along the relaxed FeO2‐binding curves were optimized using the full heme system with dispersion, thermodynamic, and scalar‐relativistic corrections, applying several density functionals. When including all these physical terms, the experimental enthalpy of O2 binding (−59 kJ mol−1) is closely reproduced by TPSSh‐D3 (−66 kJ mol−1). Dispersion changes the potential energy surfaces and leads to the correct electronic singlet and heptet states for bound and dissociated O2. The experimental activation enthalpy of dissociation (∼82 kJ mol−1) was also accurately computed (∼75 kJ mol−1) with an actual barrier height of ∼60 kJ mol−1 plus a vibrational component of ∼10 and ∼5 kJ mol−1 due to the spin‐forbidden nature of the process, explaining the experimentally observed difference of ∼20 kJ mol−1 in enthalpies of binding and activation. Most importantly, the work shows how the nearly degenerate singlet and triplet states increase crossover probability up to ∼0.5 and accelerate binding by ∼100 times, explaining why the spin‐forbidden binding of O2 to heme, so fundamental to higher life forms, is fast and reversible.
High‐Temperature‐Stable and Regenerable Catalysts: Platinum Nanoparticles in Aligned Mesoporous Silica Wells
Authors: Xiao Chaoxian , Maligal‐Ganesh Raghu V. , Li Tao , Qi Zhiyuan , Guo Zhiyong , Brashler Kyle T. , Goes Shannon , Li Xinle , Goh Tian Wei , Winans Randall E. , Huang Wenyu
Published: August 2013

We report the synthesis, structural characterization, thermal stability study, and regeneration of nanostructured catalysts made of 2.9 nm Pt nanoparticles sandwiched between a 180 nm SiO2 core and a mesoporous SiO2 shell. The SiO2 shell consists of 2.5 nm channels that are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the SiO2 core. The nanostructure mimics Pt nanoparticles that sit in mesoporous SiO2 wells (Pt@MSWs). By using synchrotron‐based small‐angle X‐ray scattering, we were able to prove the ordered structure of the aligned mesoporous shell. By using high‐temperature cyclohexane dehydrogenation as a model reaction, we found that the Pt@MSWs of different well depths showed stable activity at 500 °C after the induction period. Conversely, a control catalyst, SiO2‐sphere‐supported Pt nanoparticles without a mesoporous SiO2 shell (Pt/SiO2), was deactivated. We deliberately deactivated the Pt@MSWs catalyst with a 50 nm deep well by using carbon deposition induced by a low H2/cyclohexane ratio. The deactivated Pt@MSWs catalyst was regenerated by calcination at 500 °C with 20 % O2 balanced with He. After the regeneration treatments, the activity of the Pt@MSWs catalyst was fully restored. Our results suggest that the nanostructured catalysts—Pt nanoparticles confined inside mesoporous SiO2 wells—are stable and regenerable for treatments and reactions that require high temperatures.
Cobalt‐Based 3D Metal–Organic Frameworks: Useful Candidates for Olefin Epoxidation at Ambient Temperature by H2O2
Authors: Sen Rupam , Saha Debraj , Mal Dasarath , Brandão Paula , Lin Zhi
Published: August 2013

Two new 3D metal–organic frameworks (MOF), [Co(H2‐DHBDA)(bpe)]n (1) and [Co(H2‐DHBDA)(bpee)]n (2) [H2‐DHBDA = 2,5‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzenediacetate, bpe = 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene, bpee = 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane], were synthesized hydrothermally. Both compounds have a similar 3D structure. The secondary building unit is a Co2 dimer with a Co···Co distance of 4.02 Å. The hydroxy groups remain free on the surface of the compounds, and they participate in the intramolecular hydrogen bonding. A detailed structural analysis revealed that the structure is a 7‐c uninodal net with the Schläfli symbol 33.413.54.6 and the vertex symbol [3.3.3.4.4.4.4.4.4.4.4.4.4.4.4.*.*.*.*.*.*]. The compound is catalytically active towards epoxidation reactions in heterogeneous medium with H2O2 as an oxidant. They catalyze the epoxidation of almost all types of olefinic substrates with good efficiency. After the reaction, the catalysts can be recovered quite easily, and they can be used for further reactions without any loss of activity for several cycles.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates with Phosphorus Ylides: Synthesis of Chiral 3‐Substituted 2,4‐Functionalized 1,4‐Pentadienes
Authors: Lin Aijun , Wang Junying , Mao Haibin , Shi Yan , Mao Zhijie , Zhu Chengjian
Published: August 2013

A highly efficient asymmetric allylic substitution of Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates with phosphorus ylides under the catalysis of modified cinchona alkaloids was developed. The reaction delivered products in moderate to good yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee) for a wide range of MBH carbonates. The scope of the reaction was demonstrated by the synthesis of chiral 3‐substituted 2,4‐functionalized 1,4‐pentadienes.
Copper(I) Acetate‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition between Azomethine Imines and Propiolates under Additive‐Free Conditions
Authors: Shao Changwei , Zhang Qun , Cheng Guolin , Cheng Chuanjie , Wang Xinyan , Hu Yuefei
Published: August 2013

Because propiolates easily undergo base‐catalyzed self‐Michael addition, most popular catalytic systems in CuAAC cannot be used in the cycloaddition between azomethine imines and propiolates, because such reactions usually require the use of tertiary amines as additives (as base and/or ligand). We found that this problem can be resolved simply by using copper(I) acetate as catalyst, in which the acetate serves as a ligand and is converted into acetic acid during the reaction. Thus, copper(I) acetate catalyzed cycloaddition actually proceeds under additive‐free conditions (without exogenous ligand) to efficiently give 6,7‐dihydropyrazolo[1,2‐a]pyrazolone derivatives, in which the side‐reactions and byproducts caused by basic additives are completely avoided.
Cesium Carbonate Mediated Borylation of Aryl Iodides with Diboron in Methanol
Authors: Zhang Jieming , Wu Hai‐Hong , Zhang Junliang
Published: August 2013

Herein we describe the unexpected borylation of aryl iodides promoted by a Cs2CO3 and MeOH system. This formal nucleophilic boryl substitution could be applied to a wide range of functionalized aryl iodide compounds. The preliminary results indicate that this process is neither copper catalyzed nor radical mediated.
The Shortest (Four‐Step) Total Synthesis of the Eight‐Membered Cyclic Ether (rac)‐ and (–)‐cis‐Lauthisan
Authors: Hernández‐Torres Gloria , Mateo Julio , Urbano Antonio , Carreño M. Carmen
Published: August 2013

Access to the eight‐membered cyclic ether (rac)‐ and (–)‐cis‐lauthisan was achieved in two complementary ways in only four steps for the longest linear sequence by starting from commercially available materials. The sequence features a cis‐stereoselective reductive cyclization as the key step.
Predicting Bid–Ask Spreads Using Long‐Memory Autoregressive Conditional Poisson Models
Authors: Groß‐KlußMann Axel , Hautsch Nikolaus
Published: August 2013

We introduce a long‐memory autoregressive conditional Poisson (LMACP) model to model highly persistent time series of counts. The model is applied to forecast quoted bid–ask spreads, a key parameter in stock trading operations. It is shown that the LMACP nicely captures salient features of bid–ask spreads like the strong autocorrelation and discreteness of observations. We discuss theoretical properties of LMACP models and evaluate rolling‐window forecasts of quoted bid–ask spreads for stocks traded at NYSE and NASDAQ. We show that Poisson time series models significantly outperform forecasts from AR, ARMA, ARFIMA, ACD and FIACD models. The economic significance of our results is supported by the evaluation of a trade schedule. Scheduling trades according to spread forecasts we realize cost savings of up to 14 % of spread transaction costs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finance—Electric Generation: Comparison of New‐Build Economics for PJM and ERCOT Shows Varying Outcomes
Authors: Ogra Rohit , Templeman Andre
Published: August 2013

Lower natural gas prices due to the North American shale revolution have put a significant strain on the revenue stream of power generators. The resulting decline in spark spread revenue has also had a follow‐on impact on financing new generation capacity. Lower natural gas prices resulting in lower spark spread is intuitive from the math of spark spreads: Spark Spread = Power − Heat Rate × Gas Price. This can be rewritten as follows:

Spark Spread = Market Heat Rate × Gas Price − Reference Heat Rate × Gas Price;

= Gas Price × (Market Heat Rate − Reference Heat Rate)
Hydroelectric Generation: Hydroelectric Projects—Risks and Management
Authors: Sivertson Lorne
Published: August 2013

The overriding objectives for the owner in developing an energy project are that the project has the following characteristics:

Developed on budget

Developed on schedule

Fit for purpose concerning performance requirements

Environmentally and socially acceptable; it has a “social license”
Community Relations—Electric Transmission: Cutting Through the Static: Public Attitudes on Transmission‐Line Siting
Authors: Strom Diann
Published: August 2013

How many times have you answered the same questions about your projects: Is there a need for this project? How will the community benefit? Will the project affect property values and health?
Renewables—Finance: Export‐Import Bank Has Major Role in Financing Renewable Energy
Authors: O'Connor Craig
Published: August 2013

As the global economy grows from what is today a $65 trillion economy to what could become a $130 trillion economy by 2032, a primary concern among policymakers, business people, and everyday citizens will be how to fuel this growth in an environmentally sustainable manner.
Lymph node distribution in the central compartment of the neck: An anatomic study
Authors: Tavares Marcos Roberto , Shiomi da Cruz José Arnaldo , Waisberg Daniel Reis , de Almeida Toledo Sérgio Pereira , Takeda Flavio Roberto , Cernea Claudio Roberto , Capelozzi Vera Luiza , Brandão Lenine Garcia
Published: August 2013

Background

Dissection of the central compartment of the neck (CCN) is performed for proven or suspected lymph node metastases of thyroid carcinoma. During this procedure, the recurrent laryngeal nerves and the parathyroid glands are at risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomic distribution of the lymph nodes in the CCN.

Methods

The anatomic distribution of the lymph nodes in the CCN was studied by dissection of 30 fresh cadavers. The soft tissue between the cricoid cartilage and the innominate vein, carotid arteries, and prevertebral fascia was removed and divided according to CCN sublevels. Nodules were identified by palpation in the specimen and sent for pathological examination.

Results

Three to 44 (18.5 ± 10.29) nodules were identified macroscopically. Two to 42 nodules were confirmed as lymph nodes after microscopic examination. The lymph node distribution was as follows: precricoid: 0 to 2 (0.9 ± 0.72); pretracheal: 1 of 35 (12.4 ± 8.19); lateral to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN): 0 to 11 (3.4 ± 2.34); and lateral to the left: 0 to 4 (1.7 ± 1.30). Twenty‐six parathyroid glands were removed by 14 dissections. The innominate vein was found at 15 mm above the superior border of the clavicles to 35 mm below on the left side of the neck and 5 to 45 mm on the right side.

Conclusion

The number of confirmed lymph nodes in the central neck varied from 2 to 42. Sixty‐seven percent of the lymph nodes were in the pretracheal sublevel. There was no division between level VI and VII lymph nodes. Additionally, the innominate vein was found to be from 15 mm above the superior border of the clavicles to 35 mm below on the left side of the neck and 5 to 45 mm on the right side. Parathyroid glands were identified to be far away from the thyroid gland. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 36: 1425–1430, 2014
Reversal of Multidrug Resistance in Gastric Cancer Cells by E2F‐1 Downregulation In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Yan Lin‐Hai , Wang Xiao‐Tong , Yang Jie , Kong Fan‐Biao , Lian Chao , Wei Wei‐Yuan , Luo Wen , Xie Yu‐Bo , Xiao Qiang
Published: August 2013

Transcription Factor E2F‐1 plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation and other biological processes in cells. However whether or not it is involved in the multi‐drug resistance (MDR) process of gastric cancer has not been fully elucidated yet. To explore the role of E2F‐1 in the MDR process of gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo, a cisplatin‐resistant gastric cancer cell line with stable downregulation of E2F‐1 was established. E2F‐1 shRNA led to downregulation of endogenous E2F‐1 mRNA and protein. It significantly promoted the sensitivity of SGC7901/DDP cells to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil. Flow cytometry confirmed that the percentage of apoptotic cells increased after E2F‐1 downregulation. This notion was further supported by the observation that downregulation of E2F‐1 blocked entry into the S‐phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, downregulation of E2F‐1 significantly increased intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin. In addition, we determined the in vivo effects of E2F‐1 small interfering RNA (shRNA) on tumor size, and apoptotic cells in tumor tissues were detected by deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling and hematoxylin and eosin staining. In molecular studies, semiquantitative RT‐PCR and western blotting revealed that E2F‐1 downregulation could inhibit expression of MDR1, MRP, Bcl‐2/Bax, c‐Myc, Skp2, Survivin, and Cyclin D1. In conclusion: E2F‐1 may be involved in regulating multiple signaling pathways in reversing MDR, suggesting that E2F‐1 may represent a novel target for gastric cancer therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 34–41, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
miR‐34c Enhances Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells Differentiation by Targeting Nanos2
Authors: Yu Meng , Mu Hailong , Niu Zhiwei , Chu Zhili , Zhu Haijing , Hua Jinlian
Published: August 2013

miRNAs are expressed in many mammalian cells, acting specific roles in regulating gene expression or mediating special mRNAs cleavage by targeting their 3′‐untranslated region (3′UTR). Some miRNAs are essential and important for animal development. However, it is still unclear what the relationship is between miR‐34c and mammalian spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). We found that a conserved microRNA‐34c through its target‐Nanos2, regulating SSCs' differentiation in mouse. Immunohistochemistry analysis of Nanos2 and miR‐34c FISH results revealed the opposite expression trends between them. Seven bioinformatics websites and programs predicted that miR‐34c has interaction sites in Nanos2's 3′UTR. Dual‐luciferase reporter vector and mutated dual‐luciferase reporter vector analysis validated that they are interacted. After transfection miR‐34c mimics into mouse SSCs, or miR‐34c lentiviral vector in vitro co‐cultivation with seminiferous tubules, and Western blot analysis demonstrated that miR‐34c over‐expression could suppress Nanos2 expression in post‐transcription level. Our experiments identified that miR‐34c may promote meiosis process by interacting with Nanos2 leading up‐regulation of Stra8 in mouse spermatogonial stem cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 232–242, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A β1/2 Adrenergic Receptor‐Sensitive Intracellular Signaling Pathway Modulates CCL2 Production in Cultured Spinal Astrocytes
Authors: Morioka Norimitsu , Abe Hiromi , Araki Ryosuke , Matsumoto Naoki , Zhang Fan Fan , Nakamura Yoki , Hisaoka‐Nakashima Kazue , Nakata Yoshihiro
Published: August 2013

The phosphorylation of c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and the subsequent production of C–C chemokine CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCP‐1) in spinal astrocytes contribute to the initiation of neurological disorders including chronic pain. Astrocytes express neurotransmitter receptors which could be targeted to ameliorate neurological disorders. In the current study, the involvement of the β‐adrenergic system in the regulation of JNK activity and CCL2 production after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, one of many initiators of neuroinflammation, was elucidated. Treatment of cultured spinal astrocytes with isoproterenol (a β‐adrenergic receptor agonist; 1 µM) reduced both TNF‐α‐induced JNK1 phosphorylation, as observed by Western blotting, and the subsequent increase of both CCL2 mRNA expression and CCL2 production, which were measured by real time‐PCR and ELISA, respectively. The effects of isoproterenol were completely blocked by pretreatment with either propranolol (a β‐adrenoceptor antagonist) or H89 (a protein kinase A [PKA] inhibitor). The current study revealed that the regulation of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) activity is a crucial factor in the inhibitory action of isoproterenol. The TNF‐α‐induced JNK1 phosphorylation was significantly blocked by treatment with GSK‐3β inhibitors (either LiCl or TWS119), and stimulation of β‐adrenergic receptors induced the inhibition of GSK‐3β through the phosphorylation of Ser9. Moreover, treatment with isoproterenol markedly suppressed the TNF‐α‐induced increase of CCL2 mRNA expression and CCL2 production through a β‐adrenergic receptor‐PKA pathway mediated by GSK‐3β regulation. Thus, activation of β1/2 adrenergic receptors expressed in spinal astrocytes could be a novel method of moderating neurological disorders with endogenous catecholamines or selective agonists. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 323–332, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.