bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inheritance of Resistance to Phytophthora Crown Rot in Cucurbita pepo
Authors: Michael Vincent Njung’e , Fu Yuqing , Meru Geoffrey
Published: July 2019

Phytophthora crown rot, caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian, is a devastating disease in commercial squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) production across the United States. Current management practices rely heavily on the use of chemical fungicides, but existence of fungicide-resistant pathogen populations has rendered many chemicals ineffective. Host resistance is the best strategy for managing this disease; however, no commercial cultivars resistant to the pathogen are currently available. Resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in PI 181761 (C. pepo) is an important genetic resource for squash breeders worldwide; however, the underlying genetic basis of resistance in PI 186761 that would allow designing of sound breeding strategies is currently unknown. The goal of the current study was to determine the inheritance of resistance in breeding line #186761-36P, a resistant selection of PI 181761, using phenotypic data from F1, F2, and backcross populations derived from a cross between #181761-36P and a susceptible acorn-type cultivar, Table Queen. The results indicated that resistance in #181761-36P is controlled by three dominant genes (R4, R5, and R6). Introgression of these genes into susceptible cultivar groups of C. pepo will provide an important tool in the integrated management of Phytophthora crown rot.
Chemical, Sensory, and Consumer Evaluations of ‘DaisySL’ Mandarins Grafted onto Three Different Rootstocks
Authors: Simons Tyler J. , McNeil Christopher J. , Pham Aubrey D. , Slupsky Carolyn M. , Roose Mikeal L. , Guinard Jean-Xavier
Published: July 2019

‘DaisySL’ mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco) grafted to Schaub Rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush; SHRL) Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis Osb. × Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.; CARR), and Rubidoux Trifoliate [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.; RUBT] rootstocks were measured to determine their liking by adults and children, sensory properties, and targeted metabolomics over the course of 2 consecutive years. Chemical measurements showed differences in sugars, acids, and ethanol content, whereas a descriptive analysis found variations in sweetness, mandarin flavor, juiciness, and peelability. During both years, adults significantly preferred ‘DaisySL’ mandarins grafted to CARR and RUBT over those grafted to SHRL (P ≤ 0.05). Children liked the fruit grafted to CARR and RUBT rootstocks significantly more than fruit grafted to SHRL during the first year, but they did not prefer fruit grafted to any rootstock during the second year. This research found that ‘DaisySL’ mandarins are a well-liked variety of mid-to-late season mandarin capable of filling the seasonal gap between clementine and W. Murcott varieties. We concluded that the rootstock can affect the chemical composition, sensory profile, and consumer preferences for ‘DaisySL’ mandarins.
REKOMENDASI LATIHAN FISIK UNTUK DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Kurniawan A Andi , Wuryaningsih Y Nining Sri
Published: July 2019

Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah kondisi penyakit kronik yang ditandai oleh

metabolisme glukosa yang normsal sebagai dampak dari gangguan aksi dan

sekresi insulin. Tatalaksana DM tipe 2 memelukan pendekatan multi disiplin,

termasuk edukasi, terapi nutrisi, aktivitas fisik yag teratur, dan obat-obatan.

Tujuan terapi DM tipe 2 adalah mencapai kadar gula yang normal dan

mempertahankannya, serta mencegah komplikasi diabetes. Ada bukti ilmiah

bahwa olahraga dapat menunda onset DM tipe 2 dan memperbaiki kontrol gula

darah. Olahraga akan memperbaiki sensitivitas insulin, meningkatkan uptake

glukosa, dan memperbaiki kontrol gula darah. Olahraga yang sifatnya aerobik

akan menurunkan kadar HbA1C dan meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin.

Kombinasi olahraga akan menabah perbaikan HbA1C.
Development of Housing and Communal Infrastructure of the Kemerovo Region in 1946–1950
Authors: Borovikova Zlata V.
Published: July 2019

The present research features the state of housing and communal infrastructure in the Kemerovo region. The author identifies the patterns and features of its development in 1946–1950. Most of the archival data have never been introduced into scientific literature. In the postwar years, the housing and communal services in the region failed to meet the demands of the growing urban population; there were not enough municipal institutions, and the sanitary and epidemiological situation was unfavorable. New urban settlements lacked municipal infrastructure. This problem had begun in the pre-war years and persisted in the post-war period. The population was forced to use random and substandard water sources, and there was no sewage, while a lot of citizens lived in crowded barracks and dormitories. Financing of the social sphere increased in the late 1950s. As a result, the pace of housing construction increased, new water pipe systems and central heating were introduced, and the sewerage network expanded. These activities improved the local living standards and led to a reduction in the morbidity and mortality. However, the constant growth of the urban population in the region under conditions of accelerated industrialization complicated the state of the housing and communal infrastructure. As a result, Kuzbass failed to meet sanitary standards of housing per capita in 1959. Only electric lighting demonstrated an almost 100 % coverage of the residential premises. The development of housing and communal infrastructure in the region was just beginning, while rural areas remained untouched. The Kemerovo region failed to meet the average RSFSR standards for the development of housing and communal services.
Teoría de la democracia griega
Authors: Ariza Rodríguez Sergio Reinel
Published: July 2019

En este ensayo reseño los exámenes hechos a la democracia griega por Pericles en la Historia de la guerra del Peloponeso de Tucídides, por Platón en la República y por Aristóteles en la Política. Pretendo enfatizar y desarrollar algunas facetas de estos escritos. En el caso de Pericles, llamo la atención sobre la estrategia de justificar el régimen democrático como marco necesario para el desarrollo de ciertas virtudes tradicionales. Por esto Atenas y sus habitantes fueron un modelo educativo para Grecia entera. Con respecto a Platón, enfatizo el uso de la psicología platónica para criticar la democracia y mostrar el devenir dialéctico de este régimen. Respecto a Aristóteles, enfatizo la recepción positiva de algunas instituciones democráticas para su pensamiento político, aunque sea crítico de la democracia ateniense.
Pengaruh Rasio Puree Krokot (Portulaca Oleracea L.) Dan Sari Kedelai Terhadap Sifat Organoleptik Mellorine
Authors: Wahyuni Wiwik , Hidayati Laili
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh rasio puree krokot dan sari kedelai terhadap sifat organoleptik yang meliputi mutu hedonik (flavor dan tekstur) dan hedonik (warna, flavor dan tekstur) mellorine. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua kali pengulangan dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu rasio puree krokot dan sari kedelai 20%:80%, 40%:60%, dan 60%:40%. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji lanjut DMRT.  Hasil penelitian uji mutu hedonik (flavor dan tekstur) dan uji hedonik (warna, flavor, dan tekstur) mellorine rasio puree krokot dan sari kedelai 20%:80%, 40%:60%, dan 60%:40% terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada taraf 5%. Rerata skor uji mutu hedonik dan uji hedonik tertinggi diperoleh dari mellorine rasio puree krokot dan sari kedelai 20%:80%
Effects of Interactivity on Recall of Health Information: Experimental Study (Preprint)
Authors: Pajor Emília Margit , Eggers Sander Matthijs , de Vries Hein , Oenema Anke
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Information provided in an interactive way is believed to be engaging because users can actively explore the information. Yet empirical findings often contradict this assumption. Consequently, there is still little known about whether and how interactivity affects communication outcomes such as recall.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate mechanisms through which interactivity affects recall of online health information. We tested whether and how cognitive involvement, perceived active control, and cognitive load mediate the effects of interactivity on recall. In addition, we examined need for cognition and health literacy as potential moderators of the mediation effects. Given the increasing popularity of dietary supplement use, our health website focused on this topic.

METHODS

In an online between-subjects experiment (n=983), participants were randomly assigned to control condition (no interactive features), moderate interactivity (dropdown menus), and high interactivity (dropdown menus and responsive infographics). Two weeks before the experiment, background characteristics and moderating variables were measured. During website visit, data on users’ online behavior were collected. Recall was measured postexposure.

RESULTS

Participants recalled significantly less information in the moderate (mean 3.48 [SD 2.71]) and high (mean 3.52 [SD 2.64]) interactivity conditions compared with the control condition (mean 5.63 [SD 2.18]). In the mediation analysis, we found direct, negative effects of moderate (b=–2.25, 95% CI –2.59 to –1.90) and high (b=–2.16, 95% CI –2.51 to –1.81) levels of interactivity on recall as well. In the relationship between interactivity and recall, cognitive involvement had a partial negative mediation effect (moderate interactivity: b=–.20; 95% CI –0.31 to –0.10; high interactivity: b=–.21, 95% CI –0.33 to –0.10) and perceived active control had a partial positive mediation effect (moderate interactivity: b=.28, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.40; high interactivity: b=.27, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.40).

CONCLUSIONS

Interactivity decreased recall. In addition, through interactivity participants were less involved with the content of the information, yet they felt they had more control over the information. These effects were stronger in the high need for cognition and high health literate groups compared with their counterparts.
Quantitative Methods for Analyzing Intimate Partner Violence in Microblogs: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Homan Christopher Michael , Schrading J Nicolas , Ptucha Raymond W , Cerulli Catherine , Ovesdotter Alm Cecilia
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Social media is a rich, virtually untapped source of data on the dynamics of intimate partner violence, one that is both global in scale and intimate in detail.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to use machine learning and other computational methods to analyze social media data for the reasons victims give for staying in or leaving abusive relationships.

METHODS

Human annotation, part-of-speech tagging, and machine learning predictive models, including support vector machines, were used on a Twitter data set of 8767 #WhyIStayed and #WhyILeft tweets each.

RESULTS

Our methods explored whether we can analyze micronarratives that include details about victims, abusers, and other stakeholders, the actions that constitute abuse, and how the stakeholders respond.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings are consistent across various machine learning methods, which correspond to observations in the clinical literature, and affirm the relevance of natural language processing and machine learning for exploring issues of societal importance in social media.
Evidence on User-Led Innovation in Diabetes Technology (The OPEN Project): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: O'Donnell Shane , Lewis Dana , Marchante Fernández María , Wäldchen Mandy , Cleal Bryan , Skinner Timothy , Raile Klemens , Tappe Adrian , Ubben Tebbe , Willaing Ingrid , Hauck Bastian , Wolf Saskia , Braune Katarina
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Digital innovations in health care have traditionally followed a top-down pathway, with manufacturers leading the design and production of technology-enabled solutions and those living with chronic conditions involved only as passive recipients of the end product. However, user-driven open-source initiatives in health care are becoming increasingly popular. An example is the growing movement of people with diabetes, who create their own “Do-It-Yourself Artificial Pancreas Systems” (DIYAPS).

OBJECTIVE

The overall aim of this study is to establish the empirical evidence base for the clinical effectiveness and quality-of-life benefits of DIYAPS and identify the challenges and possible solutions to enable their wider diffusion.

METHODS

A research program comprising 5 work packages will examine the outcomes and potential for scaling up DIYAPS solutions. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies will be used to examine clinical and self-reported outcome measures of DIYAPS users. The majority of members of the research team live with type 1 diabetes and are active DIYAPS users, making Outcomes of Patients’ Evidence With Novel, Do-It-Yourself Artificial Pancreas Technology (OPEN) a unique, user-driven research project.

RESULTS

This project has received funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program, under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action Research and Innovation Staff Exchange. Researchers with both academic and nonacademic backgrounds have been recruited to formulate research questions, drive the research process, and disseminate ongoing findings back to the DIYAPS community and other stakeholders.

CONCLUSIONS

The OPEN project is unique in that it is a truly patient- and user-led research project, which brings together an international, interdisciplinary, and intersectoral research group, comprising health care professionals, technical developers, biomedical and social scientists, the majority of whom are also living with diabetes. Thus, it directly addresses the core research and user needs of the DIYAPS movement. As a new model of cooperation, it will highlight how researchers in academia, industry, and the patient community can create patient-centric innovation and reduce disease burden together.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/15368
Рекомендації зі споживання вітаміну D для здорового населення Польщі й груп ризику дефіциту вітаміну D
Authors: Książyk Janusz , Zygmunt Arkadiusz , Zwolińska Danuta , Wielgoś Mirosław , Szalecki Mieczysław , Socha Piotr , Ruchała Marek , Romanowska Hanna , Peregud-Pogorzelski Jarosław , Michałus Izabela , Mazur Artur , Marcinowska-Suchowierska Ewa , Łukaszkiewicz Jacek , Lewiński Andrzej , Rusińska Agnieszka , Konstantynowicz Jerzy , Kalina Maria A. , Jackowska Teresa , Helwich Ewa , Franek Edward , Dobrzańska Anna , Czech-Kowalska Justyna , Chlebna-Sokół Danuta , Bossowski Artur , Borszewska-Kornacka Maria K. , Walczak Mieczysław , Płudowski Paweł
Published: July 2019

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Differences in Dietary Intake of Women with Standard Weight but Varying Body Fat Percentages in Japan
Authors: Kobayashi Minatsu , Hirata Mayuko , Abe Eri , Horiguchi Mieko
Published: July 2019

“Hidden obese people” have a high body fat percentage (BFP) despite having a normal BMI (18.5 <BMI ? 25.0 BFP ?30) due to an excessive accumulation of visceral fat, which increases their risk of lifestyle-related diseases. We aimed to identify factors that contribute to hidden obesity among Japanese female students at the Nutritionist Training Facility University using their anthropomorphic measurements, lifestyle characteristics and nutritional intake. Characteristics of participants with hidden obesity physique (18.5 30%) (n = 160) and standard physique (18.5 <BMI ? 25.0 and BFP <30%) (n = 376) were compared using Student’s t-test or Welch’s t-test. The participants with hidden obesity physique have lower intake of energy (p = 0.044) and fat (p = 0.036) and a higher intake of carbohydrates (p = 0.023), cereals (p = 0.009) and sugary beverages (p = 0.020). This study suggests that a reduction in carbohydrate-dense foods is effective in preventing hidden obesity.
The effect of anisotropy of elastic properties of GFRP reinforcement on strength of compressed concrete structural elements
Authors: Plyusnin Mikhail G. , Tsybakin Sergey V.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Despite the growing interest to the use of GFRP reinforcement in various concrete structures, its use in the concrete compressed zone is not investigated sufficiently. The use of GFRP reinforcement in compressed concrete elements is limited by a combination of low value of its modulus of elasticity and small ultimate deformation of concrete during compression. A number of researchers suggest solving this problem by means of increase the ultimate concrete deformation due to lateral reinforcement. However, unlike steel reinforcement, the elastic properties of composite reinforcement depend on the stress direction, which is due to the significant difference between the moduli of elasticity of the fibre glass and the binder. Consequently, the stress-deformation state of compressed concrete elements with longitudinal GFRP reinforcement and close-set lateral reinforcement will differ from the stress-deformation state of steel-reinforced concrete elements.

Materials and methods. To clarify the effect of the anisotropy of fibre-glass reinforcement elastic properties on its work in the concrete compressed zone, a physical experiment and numerical simulation using the LIRA-SAPR software were carried out. Physical nonlinearity of materials was not taken into account in the model.

Results. An assessment of the effect of anisotropy of elastic properties of fibre-glass reinforced plastic (GFRP) reinforcement on the strength of compressed concrete elements was accomplished for longitudinal reinforcement. The experiment showed that the location of the longitudinal GFRP reinforcement in the concrete compressed zone in the absence of lateral reinforcement led to a decrease in the average strength of the tested samples by 9.2 %, while the fracture nature of GFRP-reinforced samples differed from the fracture nature of control samples. As a result of the numerical simulation, it was revealed that the cause of the strength reduction is the anisotropy of the elastic properties of GFRP reinforcement, which affects the stress-deformation state of compressed concrete.

Conclusions. The analysis of the results of experiment and numerical simulation showed that the reason for the decrease in strength is the low modulus of elasticity of GFRP when compressed in the lateral direction as compared with the similar characteristic of concrete. The degree of strength reduction will also depend on the relation between the moduli of elasticity of concrete and GFRP when compressed in the longitudinal direction.
Compensation predictive automation of the smart house climate control systems
Authors: Kychkin Aleksey V. , Deryabin Alexandr I. , Vikentyeva Olga L. , Shestakova Lidiia V.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The gained experience in the field of building automation and IoT technologies yields a new approach to the management of engineering subsystems that provides stated parameters of operation quality throughout the entire building lifecycle. This paper explores compensatory and predictive algorithms in the scope of the aforementioned approach to manifest control over building climate parameters utilizing IoT controllers. This research aims to improve the management efficiency of smart house engineering subsystems through the implementation of a control system (CS) capable to compensate disturbances and predict their variations using an IoT controller and an analytical server.

Materials and methods. In order to improve the quality of control, various algorithms based on analysis of data collected from controllers can be employed. The collected data about the object accumulated over the entire period of operation can be used to build a model for the purposes of predictive control. The predictive control allows to forecast the parameters having an effect on the object and compensate it beforehand under the inertia conditions. The continuous adaptation and adjustment of the CS model to operating conditions allows permanent optimizing the settings of the control algorithm ensuring the efficient operation of local control loops.

Results. The CS is based on an IoT controller and able to predict and compensate potential disturbances. The compensation algorithm is updated depending on the behavior of the object properties, quality of control and availability of data most suitable for identification.

Conclusions. The capabilities of the control system based on the IoT controller and generation of a compensatory and predictive control signal with the algorithm hosted at a cloud server are demonstrated on the indoor temperature control model. The following simulation models of the indoor temperature variation process are considered: model without CS, model with proportional plus integral controller with disturbance compensation and model with IoT controller-based CS with disturbance compensation. Structural and parametric identification of the models are accomplished by means of active experiment.
District heating system simulation considering consumer and pump operation features
Authors: Abildinova Saule K. , Chicherin Stanislav V.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The purpose of this investigation is to show what changes introduced in the mathematical model of a district heating system are capable of considerable improving the convergence of simulation results and actual data. The study evaluates the work of heating supply establishments with their customers as well as analysis of the ways of enhancing pump equipment efficiency that allows saving electric energy or increasing output at the same energy consumption.

Materials and methods. Engineering acceptance of newly introduced and reconstructed facilities is conducted, heat loads are corrected, disconnections and recurrent connections of indebted consumers are carried out. Studying data submitted by a local heat supply establishment shows that pump seals made from iron and steel are subject accelerated wear in the course of operation.

Results. Three variants of the problem solution are suggested: making seals from bronze or stainless steel, prevention of unjustified increase of seal clearances as well as using labyrinth pump seals. This will allow increasing pump equipment efficiency by 5 to 7 % and save about 2 × 105 kW∙h of electrical energy for every pump or increase of output at the same energy consumption. Taking into account that a pump station is a part of the district heating system and unmachined inner surfaces of the pumps have a significant roughness, grinding of these surfaces can improve their hydraulic characteristics of the pumps. In the scope of the suggested method, the entire district heating system is considered not in the situation when actual load is equal to the sum of all the design loads and the pump equipment has manufacturer’s parameters, but accounting actual loads and characteristics.

Conclusions. Mathematical model of district heating system heating and hydraulic mode that takes issues mentioned above into consideration would allow simulating joint operation of the heating and hot water supply systems at transient operation modes with higher accuracy.
On investment and construction activity tasks in the context of Russian spatial development trends
Authors: Lukmanova Inessa G. , Yaskova Natalia Yu.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Russian spatial development strategy elaborated for the period up to 2025 set new targets for investment and construction sphere of the state. Importance of systematic approach to investment and construction activity (ICA) tasks is determined by the necessity of shifting the centers of regional economic development according to state global prospective advantage demands. Methods of analyzing condition and potential of activity in different regions and economic sectors as well as at diverse stages of project and reproduction cycles do not allow solving the integrated development problem of all investment and construction activity types depriving it of realization possibility of intraindustrial synergetic effects. It presumes elaboration of new methods of structural analysis, scientific and practical importance of which is connected with justification of investment and construction harmonization directions for the purpose of strategically necessary spatial maneuver.

Materials and methods. Works of leading scientific schools in the field of construction development, methodological approaches to the justification of analytical instruments and alternative scientific ideas on increasing economic capacity of construction are analyzed. Basing on structuring method of problematic space of construction development, the authors elaborate a new format of structural intraindustrial analysis providing systematic integrity of construction as the basis of practical implementation of modern Russian development trends.

Results. Fulfilled analysis revealed restraints in posing tasks of ICA integral development connected with the absence of scientifically justified approaches to structural analysis along with the necessity of comparative analysis criteria elaboration within both national economy sectors and types of activity as well as stages of project and reproductive cycles.

Conclusions. Importance of proposals on widening the tasks and modifying the format of ICA structural analysis is determined by the necessity of moving towards integral effect of harmonious industry-specific development with the use of sectoral and typical advantages of construction as well as scientific justification of integral aims and tasks of sectoral management system development.
HOW ACTIVE SHOULD BE SURGICAL TACTIC IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS?
Authors: Natroshvili I. G. , Prudkov M. I.
Published: July 2019

Acute cholecystitis (AC) is one of the most common surgical diagnoses in emergency setting. Despite its high incidence there remains a range of treatment approaches. There is growing evidence in support of performing early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis but the definition of early operation varies from 0 through 10 days from onset or admission. The optimum time to perform cholecystectomy is still controversial. Aim. To determine the best practice for the patients presenting with AC focused on patients characteristics, timing of surgery, disease severity and intra- and postoperative complications. Materials and Methods. A multicentric retrospective study was conducted and included 754 patients operated for acute cholecystitis at 8 hospitals in 4 cities of Russian Federation (Moscow, Yekaterinburg, Volgograd, Kislovodsk) during 1 year period (from Jan 1, 2011 to Dec 31, 2011). Median time from symptoms onset to hospitalization varied from 15 to 72 hours, and median time spent at hospitals before operation was 9-71 hours. Results. We found that optimal time for cholecystectomy is 60 hours from the onset of symptoms in Grade I AC (TG18) and 36 hours for patients with Grade II of the disease. Delay of the operation beyond this time leads to more difficult cholecystectomies and higher complication rates. We compared results of the surgical treatment of AC in 2 groups of patients, operated in median 9 [4; 13] and 50 [29; 88] hours from admission using propensity score matching technique. Rate of Grade I AC in the 1st group was higher (59,8% vs 17,0%, p < 0,001) and incidences of gangrenous cholecystitis (15,3% vs 34,1%, p < 0,001) and difficult cholecystectomies (28,4% vs 41,5%, p=0,003) were lower. The Integral Complications Severity Index (based on Accordion classification and takes into account all intra- and postoperative complications and summarizes their respective severity) was also lower in the 1st group. Conclusions. The optimal time for cholecystectomy for mild (Grade I) acute cholecystitis is 60 hours of presentation of disease and for Grade II - 36 hours from symptoms onset. Cholecystectomy performed after short trial conservative treatment in 6-8 hours from admission yielded the best outcomes.
HYPERFAKIA WITH COMPLICATED CATARACT
Authors: Frolov M. A. , Bekmirova B. B.
Published: July 2019

The article presents a clinical case of a patient who was implanted with a phakic lens 27 years ago. At the moment, the patient was diagnosed with a complicated cataract on the background of hyperphakia. This article describes the effectiveness of the step-by-step operational approach in a patient with hyperphakia, which allowed achieving high visual functions.
THE DISCREPANCY OF STATISTICS ON THE NUMBER OF ROAD TRAFFIC DEATHS AND INJURED ACCORDING TO OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS OF VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Melnikova I. S. , Shkatova E. Y.
Published: July 2019

Every year on the Earth, as a result of road accidents (road traffic accidents), 1.25 million people are die and 50 million are injured of varying degrees of severity, of which more than 30% of the dead are people of working age. This dictates the adoption of decisive measures in the field of prevention and elimination of the consequences of accidents, which requires detailed and reliable statistical data. Aim: to compare statistical data on the dead and injured in road accidents in the Udmurt Republic for 2011-2016. Materials and methods. Statistical data was obtained from the official databases of the Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Udmurt Republic “Republican Medical Information and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic” (“RMIAC of the UR”, MH of the UR) and the official website of Traffic police “Main Traffic Safety Directorate of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation” (“MTSD of the RF”, TP). The calculation of the indicators was carried out using the calculation of the arithmetic mean of simple, errors of representativeness, the reliability of differences of indicators by the Student’s t -test was determined. Results. It has been established that the data of the “MTSD of the RF” and “RMIAC of the UR” for the dead and injured in road accidents differ significantly. According to TP for 2011-2016 years 1471 people died on the roads of the Udmurt Republic, according to the MH of the UR - 1165 people, which, when converted to 100 thousand people, this figure differs 1.3 times ( p < 0.05). On average, over the five-year period, according to official data of the traffic police, non-fatal injuries of 120.0 ± 22.6 per 100 thousand people annually get on the roads of the Udmurt Republic, according to the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic - 2 times more often ( p < 0.05) (230.4 ± 38,1 per 100 thousand population). Conclusion: A comparative analysis of road traffic injuries “MTSD of the RF” and “RMIAC of the UR” showed a discrepancy in statistical data on the dead and injured, which requires a revision of the system of accounting for accidents and changes in the scheme of information transfer.
Psi Chi Online Video Resources
Authors: Denmark Florence L. , Grazioso María del Pilar , McCormick Mercedes A. , Orozco Viany A. , Schottenfeld Matthew A. , Sozinov Alexey A. , Takooshian Harold , Vardi Amanda , Young Jason R.
Published: July 2019

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Peranan Pengawasan Dinas Ketenagakerjaan Dalam Pelaksanaan Upah Minimum di Kota Jambi
Authors: Netty Netty , Ardianto Budi
Published: July 2019

Peneletian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk  pengawasan yang dilakukan Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kota Provinsi Jambi  agar upah yang dibayarkan sesuai dengan UMK, bahkan lebih tinggi dari UMK .Untuk mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan upah sesuai UMP. Penelitian hukum ini termasuk jenis penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di Dinas Tenaga Kerja Provinsi Jambi. Jenis data yang digunakan meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Data primer merupakan data utama penelitian ini. Sedangkan data sekunder digunakan sebagai pendukung data primer. Data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara dan studi kepustakaan dengan membaca buku-buku literatur, dokumen-dokumen, pendapat para ahli yang kemudian dianalisis dan diklasifikasikan terhadap sumber yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang diteliti. Bentuk  pengawasan yang dilakukan Disnaker Provinsi Jambi berkaitan dengan pemenuhan UMK meliputi penyusunan rencana kerja, tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan kegiatan, evaluasi dan pelaporan hasil kegiatan. Pengawasan dilakukan terhadap perusahaan dengan skala prioritas yaitu perusahaan yang dianggap sering bermasalah. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pengawasan dicatat dan dibuat laporan. Apabila terjadi pelanggaran mengenai UMK, maka akan diterbitkan nota pemeriksaan dan bisa dilaporkan kepada Kepolisian sebagai langkah terakhir.
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Dumping Limbah ke Media Lingkungan Hidup Tanpa Izin di Wilayah Hukum Pengadilan Negeri Muara Bulian
Authors: Arfa Nys.
Published: July 2019

Pembuangan limbah cair beracun pada saat ini masih sering terjadi, salah satunya di wilayah hukum pengadilan Negeri Muara Bulian. Perbuatan ini merupakan salah satu bentuk perbuatan pencemaran lingkungan, jika hal ini dibiarkan dapat merugikan kesehatan masyarakat, daerah maupun negara. Setiap orang yang melakukan dumping limbahke media lingkungan hidup tanpa izin akan dikenai dengan suatu aturan hukum pidana yang diancam dengan pidana. Sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2009 Tetang Perlindungan Dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup pada Pasal 104 ditentukan bahwa: Setiap orang yang melakukan dumping limbah dan/atau bahan ke media lingkungan hidup tanpa izin sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 60, dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 3 (tiga) tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp. 3.000.000.000,00. Pasal 60 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2009 menentukan bahwa: Setiap orang dilarang melakukan dumping limbah dan/atau bahan kemedia lingkungan hidup tanpa izin. Permasalahan mendasar yang tampak adalah dalam hal penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana dumping limbah ke media lingkungan hidup tanpa izin tersebut karena dari beberapa kasus yang terjadi hanya sedikit kasus yang sampai diteruskan ke Pengadilan. Oleh karena itu pentingnya mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan penegakan hukum bagi pelaku tindak pidana dumping limbah ke media lingkungan hidup tanpa izin tersebut.
Automated identification of cephalometric landmarks: Part 1—Comparisons between the latest deep-learning methods YOLOV3 and SSD
Authors: Park Ji-Hoon , Hwang Hye-Won , Moon Jun-Ho , Yu Youngsung , Kim Hansuk , Her Soo-Bok , Srinivasan Girish , Aljanabi Mohammed Noori A. , Donatelli Richard E. , Lee Shin-Jae
Published: July 2019

Objective:

To compare the accuracy and computational efficiency of two of the latest deep-learning algorithms for automatic identification of cephalometric landmarks.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 1028 cephalometric radiographic images were selected as learning data that trained You-Only-Look-Once version 3 (YOLOv3) and Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) methods. The number of target labeling was 80 landmarks. After the deep-learning process, the algorithms were tested using a new test data set composed of 283 images. Accuracy was determined by measuring the point-to-point error and success detection rate and was visualized by drawing scattergrams. The computational time of both algorithms was also recorded.

Results:

The YOLOv3 algorithm outperformed SSD in accuracy for 38 of 80 landmarks. The other 42 of 80 landmarks did not show a statistically significant difference between YOLOv3 and SSD. Error plots of YOLOv3 showed not only a smaller error range but also a more isotropic tendency. The mean computational time spent per image was 0.05 seconds and 2.89 seconds for YOLOv3 and SSD, respectively. YOLOv3 showed approximately 5% higher accuracy compared with the top benchmarks in the literature.

Conclusions:

Between the two latest deep-learning methods applied, YOLOv3 seemed to be more promising as a fully automated cephalometric landmark identification system for use in clinical practice.
PERSEPSI TOKOH MASYARAKAT TERHADAP ASPEK POLITIK EKSISTENSI PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL (PSK) DI EKS LOKALISASI RAWA LAUT PANJANG SELATAN BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Ritaudin Sidi
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study aims to reveal perceptions of community leaders on the political aspects of the existence of commercial sex workers (PSK) in the former South Long Sea Swamp Localization. Bandar Lampung. Social insecurity caused by discriminatory government policies and lack of partiality towards people who are marginalized in social life has until now become a kind of destiny of life. Power is always always, will get challenges, rejection and lack of trust. The choice for power certainly carries a number of risks. One mandate in carrying out power is to favor the interests of the community and the public interest above personal or group interests. This was revealed in a preliminary study in an interview with the head of RT 13 Environment 1 Kelurahan Panjang Selatan that social inequality was due to inequality in policy making by the government. The political aspect of the existence of commercial sex workers (CSWs) in the former south long localization questioned the background that caused the powerlessness of the government in dealing with this problem.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap persepsi tokoh masyarakat terhadap aspek politik eksistensi pekerja seks komersial (psk) di eks Lokalisasi Rawa Laut Panjang Selatan. Bandar Lampung. Kerawanan sosial yang disebabkan oleh kebijakan pemerintah yang diskriminatatif dan sepi dari keberpihakan terhadap orang-orang yang termarginalisasi pada kehidupan sosial, hingga kini telah menjadi semacam takdir kehidupan. Kekuasaan selalu saja, akan mendapatkan tantangan, penolakan sekaligus kekurangpercayaan. Pilihan untuk berkuasa tentu saja membawa sejumlah resiko. Salah satu amanah dalam mengemban kekuasaan adalah memihak kepentingan masayarakat dan kepentingan umum di atas kepentingan pribadi atau golongan.[1] Hal ini terungkap dalam studi pendahuluan pada wawancara dengan ketua RT 13 Lingkungan 1 Kelurahan Panjang Selatan bahwa ketimpangan sosial terjadi karena ketimpangan pengambilan kebijakan oleh pemerintah. Aspek politik eksistensi pekerja seks komersial (PSK) di eks lokalisasi panjang selatan  mempertanyakan  latarbelakang yang  menyebabkan ketidakberdayaan pemerintah dalam menangani masalah ini [1] “Baca, ”Kritik dan Tirani Kekuasaan”, dalam Moh. Mahfud, dkk (ed.), Kritik Sosial dalam Wacana Pembangunan, Yogyakarta : Pusat Penerbitan UII Press, 1997), h. xii.,” .
GAMBARAN BEBAN KERJA MENTAL PADA DOSEN FAKULTAS X UNIVERSITAS X
Authors: Dewi Kartiani , S Suryani , Yamin Ahmad
Published: July 2019

Lecturers are responsible for implementing the three main responsibilities in university (Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi) with 12 credits to 16 credits each semester. However, many lecturers feel that the workload is very excessive. The purpose of this study was to describe the mental workload of lecturers at the Faculty of X Padjadjaran University. The method of this research was quantitative descriptive by using a total sampling technique involving 43 lecturers. Data collection used NASA-TLX instruments. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results of the study showed that overall the mental workload of the Faculty of X Padjadjaran University lecturers was included in the high category both in education and teaching assignments (74.4%), research assignments (76.7%), and community service assignments (74.4%). ) Effort dimensions have the highest mean value that is equal to 51.8, while the dimensions that have the lowest mean are Perfomance dimension, namely 9.4, where the greater the mean dimension shows the large contribution in the mental workload felt by the lecturer. The conclusions, this study show that most lecturers have a high mental workload. It is suggested that the lecturers need to have balance numbers of tasks according to their abilities, balance the time working with recreation, and meet the needs of rest. The results of this study need to be followed up by examining methods or efforts that can reduce the lecturers' mental workload.
Adāb al-mu‘allimīn, de Ibn Saḥnūn (capítulos seleccionados)
Authors: Mohamed Al-Lal Faysal
Published: July 2019

El tratado Adāb al-mu‘allimīn [Deontología de los docentes] de Ibn Saḥnūn es un claro ejemplo de la importancia de las escuelas elementales de enseñanza del Corán en el seno de la comunidad islámica. Tuvo su mayor notoriedad en el campo de la educación, de ahí la motivación para traducirlo, ya que para muchos investigadores y docentes contemporáneos es uno de los libros de referencia sobre legislación educativa y pioneros en la rama de la pedagogía.
EVALUATING THE CONNECTION AREAS BETWEEN BRICKS WALLS AND CONCRETE COLUMNS IN CONFINED MASONRY BUILDINGS IN IRAQ
Authors: Ali Fadhil Naser
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study is to evaluate the construction methods of connection area between bricks walls and concrete columns. Damage inspection process was used to discover the damages in selected buildings. According to construction method, four buildings were selected as a case study. According to damage inspection results, the building without tooth edge (building B) and the building with bonding bars (building C) were appeared cracks with different widths and lengths. For building B, the maximum width and length of crack is equal to 3.5mm and 3.25m respectively. For building C, The maximum crack width is equal to 5mm with length 3m.The buildings with tooth edge connection have no cracks in the area between bricks walls and concrete column because of the strong correlation between the concrete of column and the spaces of bricks (tooth edges). The tooth edge method of building construction did not appear cracks. Therefore, this study recommends to use the method of tooth edges in the construction of building in Iraq to prevent the cracks.
ОГЛЯД МАСОГАБАРИТНИХ ТА ВАРТІСНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ КОМЕРЦІЙНИХ СОНЯЧНИХ ІНВЕРТОРІВ
Authors: Fesenko Artem , Husev Oleksandr , Chub Andrii , Vinnikov Dmitri , Matiushkin Olexandr
Published: July 2019

Актуальність теми дослідження. Одним з-поміж основних факторів, що стримують широке впровадження систем електроживлення на основі фотоелектричних перетворювачів як у побуті, так і в складі рухомої техніки, є габаритні розміри та висока вартість таких систем. Суттєву частину вартості становить саме перетворювач, що займає помітний об’єм та містить у своєму складі високовартісні матеріали. На ринку присутній широкий вибір інверторів із різними характеристиками та ціною. Статистичний аналіз та оптимальний вибір таких пристроїв є актуальним питанням сьогодення.
Постановка проблеми. Для ефективного подальшого покращення масогабаритних та вартісних параметрів перетворювача треба спочатку оцінити наявні на світовому ринку пристрої. Проаналізувати їх параметри, особливості та характеристики.
Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Детальний огляд сучасних досліджень та публікацій дозволив визначити такі особливості сучасних комерційних моделей перетворювачів. По-перше, виробники не розкривають особливостей внутрішньої побудови своїх виробів. По-друге, ефективність, функціональність та масогабаритні параметри сильно відрізняються залежно від потужності та вартості перетворювача.
Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Для ґрунтовного порівняння перетворювачів за їхньою вартістю та масогабаритами необхідно запропонувати кількісні параметри. Потрібно встановити кількісний зв’язок між вартістю, об’ємом, потужністю та ефективністю перетворювача, що раніше зводився до питомої потужності.
Постановка завдання. Встановити критерії оцінки масогабаритних та вартісних характеристик інверторів, що можуть бути розраховані на основі вільно поширюваних даних.
Виклад основного матеріалу. Було виконано аналіз сучасного рівня розвитку комерційних моделей перетворювачів у складі сонячних систем у широкому діапазоні потужностей. Розглянуто пристрої провідних світових виробників, потужність яких коливається в діапазоні від 200 до 5000 Вт.
Одержані з відкритих джерел параметри пристроїв зведено в порівняльні таблиці. Розподіл на групи виконано за потужністю інверторів. Виділено три групи порівнюваних пристроїв: до першої належать інвертори потужністю до 1 кВт, до другої – від 1 до 3 кВт, до третьої – від 3 до 5 кВт відповідно.
Було запропоновано два чисельні показники для порівняння перетворювачів. Перший показує вартість одиниці потужності, другий – питому об’ємну вартість. За результатами розрахунків побудовано стовпчикові діаграми для кожного з показників у межах своєї групи.
Висновки. Запропоновані показники дозволяють оцінювати масогабаритні показники перетворювачів, зважаючи на вільно поширювані дані.
Práticas de enfermagem na promoção da saúde do homem: revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Ribeiro Ellen Eduarda , De Carvalho Mágno Rodrigues , Caminha Jéssica de Moura , Gomes Ivanilda Sepúlveda , E Silva Melo Simone Santos
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Identificar estratégias e intervenções de promoção da saúde destinadas à população masculina bem como analisar as principais temáticas abordadas. Metodologia: Trata-se de revisão integrativa no qual buscaram-se as publicações nas bases CINAHL, MEDLINE e LILACS, do período de 2010 a 2017. Nesse sentido os descritores (em português) da pesquisa são: saúde do homem, ensino, educação médica, educação em enfermagem, educação em saúde, e ocorreram por análise de resumos encontrados pela combinação dos buscadores. Ao final foram encontradas 73 publicações das quais 18 foram analisadas. Resultados: Apontaram que das 18 publicações em 9 (50,0%) não houveram intervenção educativa e nas demais houve. As publicações foram organizadas em três eixos temáticos: Saúde do homem, Intervenções educativas direcionadas a população masculina e Ações direcionadas ao contexto profissional. Considerações finais: O conhecimento dos temas mais comuns na literatura nacional e mundial relacionados a saúde é de fundamental importância para a elaboração e execução de ações de educação em saúde capazes promover uma mudança de comportamento do público masculino no tocante a sua saúde.
Spatial distribution and temporal evolution of leprosy in an area of an old colony in the state of Pará
Authors: Macedo Geraldo Mariano Moraes de , Queiroz Marcos Fabiano de Almeida , Silva Alison Ramos da , Pinheiro Bruno Vinícius da Silva , Franco Mariane Cordeiro Alves , Xavier Marília Brasil
Published: July 2019

Objective: To identify the pattern of spatial distribution and temporal evolution of leprosy, taking into account the clinical, demographic and territorial aspects of Vila Santo Antônio do Prata, a municipality considered to be hyperendemic, in the state of Pará from 2003 to 2013. Methods: This is a ecological, observational and retrospective study. The study was the former colony of leprosy, now known as the Vila de Santo Antônio do Prata. Results: High rates of detection of new cases of leprosy were observed with a hyperendemic detection coefficient from 2003 to 2009. The spatial distribution of total cases of leprosy presents a pattern of distribution with several outbreaks, in which the incidence of multibacillary cases. The trend estimates for 2020 has shown that Brazil will maintain the index in slow and gradual reduction, while the state of Pará will continue with high rates of hyperendemicity and the municipality of Igarapé-Açu will surpass the North region. Conclusion: It is suggested that there is an active transmission dynamic in Vila Santo Antônio do Prata area evaluated with the need for constant monitoring of new cases of leprosy.