bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Insurance Coverage Before and After the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Patrick  , Yang
Published: June 2019

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is at the crossroads. It is important to evaluate the effectiveness of the ACA in order to make rational decisions about the ongoing healthcare reform, but existing research into its effect on health insurance status in the United States is insufficient and descriptive. Using data from the National Health Interview Surveys from 2009 to 2015, this study examines changes in health insurance status and its determinants before the ACA in 2009, during its partial implementation in 2010–2013, and after its full implementation in 2014 and 2015. The results of trend analysis indicate a significant increase in national health insurance rate from 82.2% in 2009 to 89.4% in 2015. Logistic regression analyses confirm the similar impact of age, gender, race, marital status, nativity, citizenship, education, and poverty on health insurance status before and after the ACA. Despite similar effects across years, controlling for other variables, youth aged 26 or below, the foreign-born, Asians, and other races had a greater probability of gaining health insurance after the ACA than before the ACA; however, the odds of obtaining health insurance for Hispanics and the impoverished rose slightly during the partial implementation of the ACA but somewhat declined after the full implementation of the ACA starting in 2014. These findings should be taken into account by the U.S. government in deciding the fate of the ACA.
Scenario-Based Extreme Flood Risk of Residential Buildings and Household Properties in Shanghai
Authors: Shan Xinmeng , Wen Jiahong , Zhang Min , Wang Luyang , Ke Qian , Li Weijiang , Du Shiqiang , Shi Yong , Chen Kun , Liao Banggu , Li Xiande , Xu Hui
Published: June 2019

Extreme flooding usually causes huge losses of residential buildings and household properties, which is critical to flood risk analysis and flood resilience building in Shanghai. We developed a scenario-based multidisciplinary approach to analyze the exposure, losses and risks of residential buildings and household properties, and their spatial patterns at the neighborhood committee level in Shanghai, based on extreme storm flood scenarios of 1/200, 1/500, 1/1000 and 1/5000-year. Our findings show that the inundation area of the residential buildings caused by a 1/200-year storm flood reaches 24.9 km2, and the total loss of residential buildings and household properties is 29.7 billion CNY (Chinese Yuan) (or 4.4 billion USD), while the inundation area of residential buildings and the total loss increases up to 162.4 km2 and 366.0 billion CNY (or 54.2 billion USD), respectively for a 1/5000-year storm flood. The estimated average annual loss (AAL) of residential buildings and household properties for Shanghai is 590 million CNY/year (or 87.4 million USD/year), with several hot spots distributed around the main urban area and on the bank of the Hangzhou Bay. Among sixteen districts, Pudong has the highest exposure and annual expected loss, while the inner city is also subject to extreme flooding with an AAL up to near half of the total. An analysis of flood risk in each of 209 subdistricts/towns finds that those most vulnerable to storm flooding are concentrated in Pudong, Jiading, Baoshan Districts and the inner city. Our work can provide meaningful information for risk-sensitive urban planning and resilience building in Shanghai. The methodology can also be used for risk analysis in other coastal cities facing the threat of storm flooding.
Building a Place Brand on Local Assets: The Case of The Pla de l’Estany District and Its Rebranding
Authors: de San Eugenio Jordi , Ginesta Xavier , Compte-Pujol Marc , Frigola-Reig Joan
Published: June 2019

The main objective of this article is to analyse whether the positioning of the Pla de l’Estany district, in Catalonia, can be redefined in a context of possible saturation of the sports brand that was structured thanks to the success of the 1992 Olympic Games. Furthermore, this article aims to analyse how to design and implement long-term public policies in place branding. The Pla de l’Estany district is one of the smallest in Catalonia and had its moment of splendour during the Barcelona Olympic Games, which positioned it as a place of natural beauty and sports tourism. However, twenty-five years later, we ask whether this positioning needs to be updated. This research deploys a methodological triangulation that combines in-depth interviews with opinion leaders, discussions in focus groups and an online survey open to citizens. This research presents three conclusions: it places the processes of citizen participation as a key element in the construction of territorial brands; refocuses the narrative of the territory of the Pla de l’Estany based on the concepts of “sustainable nature” and “traditional culture”; and conceptualises place branding not just from the perspective of promoting tourism, but also from that of fomenting sustainable governance.
A Study on Security and Privacy Guidelines, Countermeasures, Threats: IoT Data at Rest Perspective
Authors: Abdulghani Hezam Akram , Nijdam Niels Alexander , Collen Anastasija , Konstantas Dimitri
Published: June 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) makes our lives much easier, more valuable, and less stressful due to the development of many applications around us including smart cities, smart cars, and smart grids, offering endless services and solutions. Protecting IoT data of such applications at rest either on the objects or in the cloud is an indispensable requirement for achieving a symmetry in the handling and protection of the IoT, as we do with data created by persons and applications. This is because unauthorised access to such data may lead to harmful consequences such as linkage attacks, loss of privacy, and data manipulation. Such undesired implications may jeopardise the existence of IoT applications if protection measures are not taken, and they stem from two main factors. One is that IoT objects have limited capabilities in terms of memory capacity, battery life, and computational power that hamper the direct implementation of conventional Internet security solutions without some modifications (e.g., traditional symmetric algorithms). Another factor is the absence of widely accepted IoT security and privacy guidelines for IoT data at rest and their appropriate countermeasures, which would help IoT stakeholders (e.g., developers, manufacturers) to develop secure IoT systems and therefore enhance IoT security and privacy by design. Toward this end, we first briefly describe the main IoT security goals and identify IoT stakeholders. Moreover, we briefly discuss the most well-known data protection frameworks (e.g., General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Health Insurance Portability (HIPAA)). Second, we highlight potential attacks and threats against data at rest and show their violated security goals (e.g., confidentiality and integrity). Third, we review a list of protection measures by which our proposed guidelines can be accomplished. Fourth, we propose a framework of security and privacy guidelines for IoT data at rest that can be utilised to enhance IoT security and privacy by design and establish a symmetry with the protection of user-created data. Our framework also presents the link between the suggested guidelines, mitigation techniques, and attacks. Moreover, we state those IoT stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers, developers) who will benefit most from these guidelines. Finally, we suggest several open issues requiring further investigation in the future, and we also discuss the limitations of our suggested framework.
Application of Zearalenone (ZEN)-Detoxifying Bacillus in Animal Feed Decontamination through Fermentation
Authors: Chen Shiau-Wei , Wang Han-Tsung , Shih Wei-Yuan , Ciou Yan-An , Chang Yu-Yi , Ananda Laurensia , Wang Shu-Yin , Hsu Jih-Tay
Published: June 2019

Zearalenone (ZEN) is an estrogenic mycotoxin which can cause loss in animal production. The aim of this study was to screen Bacillus strains for their ZEN detoxification capability and use a fermentation process to validate their potential application in the feed industry. In the high-level ZEN-contaminated maize (5 mg·kg−1) fermentation test, B2 strain exhibited the highest detoxification rate, removing 56% of the ZEN. However, B2 strain was not the strain with the highest ZEN detoxification in the culturing media. When B2 grew in TSB medium with ZEN, it had higher bacterial numbers, lactic acid, acetic acid, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia nitrogen. The ZEN-contaminated maize fermented by B2 strain had better fermentation characteristics (lactic acid > 110 mmol·L−1; acetic acid < 20 mmol·L−1; pH < 4.5) than ZEN-free maize. Furthermore, B2 also had detoxification capabilities toward aflatoxins B1, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, and T2 toxin. Our study demonstrated differences in screening outcome between bacterial culturing conditions and the maize fermentation process. This is important for the feed industry to consider when choosing a proper method to screen candidate isolates for the pretreatment of ZEN-contaminated maize. It appears that using the fermentation process to address the ZEN-contaminated maize problem in animal feed is a reliable choice.
On the Gauge Fixing in the Hamiltonian Analysis of General Teleparallel Theories
Authors: Blixt Daniel , Hohmann Manuel , Pfeifer Christian
Published: June 2019

The covariant formulation of teleparallel gravity theories must include the spin connection, which has 6 degrees of freedom. One can, however, always choose a gauge such that the spin connection is put to zero. In principle this gauge may affect counting of degrees of freedom in the Hamiltonian analysis. We show for general teleparallel theories of gravity, that fixing the gauge such that the spin connection vanishes in fact does not affect the counting of degrees of freedom. This manifests in the fact that the momenta of the Lorentz transformations which generate the spin connection are fully determined by the momenta of the tetrads.
Emerging Novel GII.P16 Noroviruses Associated with Multiple Capsid Genotypes
Authors: Barclay Leslie , Cannon Jennifer L. , Wikswo Mary E. , Phillips Annie R. , Browne Hannah , Montmayeur Anna M. , Tatusov Roman L. , Burke Rachel M. , Hall Aron J. , Vinjé Jan
Published: June 2019

Noroviruses evolve by antigenic drift and recombination, which occurs most frequently at the junction between the non-structural and structural protein coding genomic regions. In 2015, a novel GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney recombinant strain emerged, replacing the predominance of GII.Pe-GII.4 Sydney among US outbreaks. Distinct from GII.P16 polymerases detected since 2010, this novel GII.P16 was subsequently detected among GII.1, GII.2, GII.3, GII.10 and GII.12 viruses, prompting an investigation on the unique characteristics of these viruses. Norovirus positive samples (n = 1807) were dual-typed, of which a subset (n = 124) was sequenced to yield near-complete genomes. CaliciNet and National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) records were matched to link outbreak characteristics and case outcomes to molecular data and GenBank was mined for contextualization. Recombination with the novel GII.P16 polymerase extended GII.4 Sydney predominance and increased the number of GII.2 outbreaks in the US. Introduction of the novel GII.P16 noroviruses occurred without unique amino acid changes in VP1, more severe case outcomes, or differences in affected population. However, unique changes were found among NS1/2, NS4 and VP2 proteins, which have immune antagonistic functions, and the RdRp. Multiple polymerase-capsid combinations were detected among GII viruses including 11 involving GII.P16. Molecular surveillance of protein sequences from norovirus genomes can inform the functional importance of amino acid changes in emerging recombinant viruses and aid in vaccine and antiviral formulation.
Responses of Phytoplankton Communities in Selected Eutrophic Lakes to Variable Weather Conditions
Authors: Lenard Tomasz , Ejankowski Wojciech , Poniewozik Małgorzata
Published: June 2019

It is well-known that recent climatic changes have strongly affected aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we examined the complex factors determining the development of phytoplankton communities during the vegetative growth season in eutrophic lakes located in a temperate zone in eastern Poland. Our analysis enabled us to divide the data into two different periods: years with a cold winter and low total precipitation, and those with a mild winter and high total precipitation. The analysis showed that the soluble and total nitrogen content, concentration of chlorophyll a, total phytoplankton biomass, and biomasses of Cyanobacteria and Cryptophyceae were significantly higher in the vegetative growth season in the year after a mild winter, whereas the soluble and total phosphorus content and phytoplankton biodiversity were significantly lower in these years. Hence, climate warming indirectly led to the loss of biodiversity in the phytoplankton communities in the studied lakes of temperate zone. During this study, we also tested the effects of increases in air temperature and total precipitation on phytoplankton communities over short time periods (14 and 28 days). The results showed that the total phytoplankton biomass and the chlorophyll a concentration were only positively correlated with the air temperature. All of the features described in this study showed how sensitive lake ecosystems are to climatic fluctuations.
A Census of the 1993–2016 Complex Mesoscale Eddy Processes in the South China Sea
Authors: Wang Huimeng , Du Yunyan , Liang Fuyuan , Sun Yong , Yi Jiawei
Published: June 2019

Mesoscale eddy process with at least one splitting and/or merging event can be defined as either a complex process or a simple process. Investigation of the difference between these two categories could provide new insights into how different factors, such as the seabed topography, Kuroshio intrusion, and winds, affect the origin, migration, and decay of the mesoscale eddies. This study compared the characteristics of the complex against the simple eddy processes in the South China Sea (SCS) from 1993 to 2016. We comprehensively analyzed the eddy processes with regards to their characteristic points, trajectories, and networks. The simple and complex processes share many similarities but do show significantly different behaviors. Both the simple and complex processes mainly start from the eastern SCS. However, the complex processes mainly vanish in the western SCS whereas the simple processes disappear almost everywhere across the SCS. The complex processes last longer and migrate more than the simple processes. Lastly, the complex processes mainly move westward within the community. The complex processes can be further categorized into complex anticyclonic and cyclonic eddy processes. Spatially, the splitting and merging events mainly occur in the southwest of Taiwan, northwest of the Luzon Island, and the southeast of Vietnam. Temporally, the merging and splitting events mainly occur in the fall. The interaction among the communities reveals the different migration patterns of the complex anticyclonic and cyclonic eddy processes in the SCS.
A Review on the Current Knowledge and Prospects for the Development of Improved Detection Methods for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Ova for the Safe Reuse of Wastewater and Mitigation of Public Health Risks
Authors: Ravindran Vivek B. , Soni Sarvesh K. , Ball Andrew S.
Published: June 2019

Climate change, increase in population and scarcity of freshwater have led to a global demand for wastewater reuse in irrigation. However, wastewater has to be treated in order to minimize the presence of pathogens, in particular, the ova of soil-transmitted helminthes (STHs). Limiting the transmission via removal of STH ova, accurate assessment of risks and minimizing the exposure to the public have been recommended by health regulators. The World Health Organization (WHO) guideline specifies a limit of ≤1 ova/L for safe wastewater reuse. Additionally, the Australian Guidelines for Water recycling (AGWR) recommend a hydraulic retention time of over 25 days in a lagoon or stabilization pond to ensure a 4 log reduction value of helminth ova and to mitigate soil-transmitted helminths associated risks to humans. However, the lack of fast and sensitive methods for assessing the concentration of STH ova in wastewater poses a considerable challenge for an accurate risk assessment. Consequently, it has been difficult to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis despite effective mass drug administration. This limitation can be overcome with the advent of novel techniques for the detection of helminth ova. Therefore, this review presents an assessment of the current methods to detect the viable ova of soil-transmitted helminths in wastewater. Furthermore, the review focuses on the perspectives for the emerging state-of-the-art research and developments that have the potential to replace currently available conventional and polymerase chain reaction based methods and achieve the guidelines of the WHO in order to allow the safe reuse of wastewater for non-potable applications, thereby minimizing public health risks.
O Turismo de Base Comunitária em uma comunidade ribeirinha da Amazônia: O Caso de Anã na Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns, Santarém (PA)
Authors: Barreto Elcivânia de Oliveira , Tavares Maria Goretti da Costa
Published: June 2019

EstEste artigo visou analisar a relação do turismo de base comunitária e o uso do território na comunidade ribeirinha de Anã no município de Santarém, estado do Pará. Sendo assim, neste artigo, trazemos uma breve análise do turismo de base comunitária desenvolvido em Anã, uma comunidade ribeirinha situada em uma unidade de conservação localizada no município de Santarém, denominada de Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns. Neste estudo, ainda levamos em consideração o papel do Estado e da ONG Projeto Saúde e Alegria na produção do espaço para o TBC. Desta forma, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre TBC, Estado e Terceiro Setor, fundamental para subsidiar a realização do trabalho de campo. Destarte, partimos da premissa que o turismo de base comunitária é uma contraponto ao turismo convencional, por assim dizer uma contra-racionalidade hegemônica. E é dentro dessa abordagem, que identificamos que o turismo de base comunitária desenvolvido em Anã, ainda não se configura como uma contra-racionalidade, uma vez que a ONG PSA atua com hegemonia frente ao turismo de base comunitária, e isso se perpetua principalmente pelas ações e inações do Estado na comunidade ribeirinha de Anã.

The Tourism Community Based on a riverside community of the Amazon: The Case of Anã in Extractive Reserve Tapajos-Arapiuns, Santarém (PA, Brazil)

ABSTRACT

This article aimed to analyze the relationship of community-based tourism and the use of land in the riverside community of Anã in the municipality of Santarém, state of Pará (Brazil). So in this article we bring brief analysis of community-based tourism developed in Anã, a riverside community located in a protected area in the municipality of Santarém, called Extractive Reserve Tapajos-Arapiuns. This study also took into account the role of the state and the NGO Projeto Saúde e Alegria – PSA in the production of space for TBC. Thus, we conducted a literature review of TBC, State and Third Sector, critical to support the preparation of field work. Thus, we assume that the community-based tourism is a counterpoint to conventional tourism, so to speak a hegemonic counter-rationality. And it is within this approach, we identified that the community-based tourism developed in Anã, is not yet configured as a counter-rationality, since the PSA NGO operates with front hegemony to community-based tourism, and this is mainly perpetuated by actions and inactions of the State in the riverside community Anã.

KEYWORDS: Community Based Tourism; Riverside Community of Anã; State; NGO Projeto Saúde e Alegria.
Proposta de criação de uma trilha ecológica como forma de aproveitamento econômico de Áreas de Proteção Permanente (APP): Fazenda Serra Grande e o Caminho das Águas
Authors: Carvalho Isabela Barbosa Pereira , Crispim Maria Cristina
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho propôs-se a agregar valor às Áreas de Preservação Permanente(APP) , através da análise da APP da Fazenda Serra Grande, Alagoa Grande-Paraíba, para o ecoturismo no local. Essa área tem um remanescente de bioma Mata Atlântica, passível de ser utilizado para o desenvolvimento de atividades turísticas principalmente as trilhas ecológicas. A avaliação faz parte da busca de medidas que ajudem a desenvolver o ecoturismo local. A metodologia foi o diagnóstico das potencialidades e atrativos ecoturísticos para futuras atividades ecoturísticas. Foram propostos locais para pontos de interpretação ambiental, apresentando os temas que poderiam ser explorados em cada ponto. Observou-se que as informações levantadas, assim como as ferramentas utilizadas, são importantes para o planejamento do ecoturismo, podendo auxiliar na busca de estratégias para a inserção da APP em roteiros turísticos. Conclui-se que a trilha na Fazenda Serra Grande tem grandes possibilidades de transformar-se em produto ecoturístico.

Proposal to create an ecological trail as a means of economic exploitation of Permanent Preservation Areas (APP): Serra Grande Farm and the Waters Way

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to add value to the Permanent Preservation Areas(PPA), by analyzing the natural aspects of Serra Grande Farm APP, Alagoa Grande, Paraíba, for the development of ecotourism at the site. This area possess a remnant of the Atlantic Forest biome, which can be used as a space conducive to the development of touristic activities, especially the nature trails. The evaluated aspects intend to help develop the ecotourism at the farm. The methodology was the diagnosis of ecotouristic attractions. Sites were proposed for environmental interpretation points, presenting the topics to be explored at each point. It was noted that the information gathered, as well as the tools used are important for the planning for ecotourism, and may help in the search for strategies for the inclusion of PPA in tourist itineraries. It is understood that, from the analysis developed here, the trail at Serra Grande APP Farm has a great potential to turn into an ecotourism product.

KEYWORDS: Ecotourism; Ecological Trail; Permanent Preservation Area.
Anais do III Ambientur
Authors: Neiman Zysman
Published: June 2019

O AMBIENTUR é um evento realizado pela Universidade de Caxias do Sul e Associação Brasileira e Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES), com frequência bienal, cujas edições anteriores foram realizadas na cidade de Bento Gonçalves (AMBIENTUR I), no ano de 2013 e na cidade de Canela (AMBIENTUR II), no ano de 2015.

Na sua terceira edição, o evento foi realizado no município de Antônio Prado/RS, entre os dias 08 a 11 de junho de 2017.

O evento, de abrangência nacional, teve por objetivo proporcionar uma discussão sobre a gestão ambiental de empreendimentos turísticos e saneamento ambiental, a consolidação do turismo de aventura, ecoturismo e turismo rural, proporcionando incremento de renda local associada a prática de atividades físicas e preservação da paisagem e dos recursos hídricos, contemplando as dimensões culturais, ambientais e sociais.
Gestão Sustentável: avaliação da responsabilidade socioambiental em meios de hospedagem no litoral norte da Paraíba
Authors: Cesar Pedro Henrique , Durante Daniel , Santos Joel Silva dos , Moreira Sueli Aparecida
Published: June 2019

O litoral norte da Paraíba apresenta um contexto singular que inclui arquitetura barroca, presença indígena e o santuário do peixe boi (Trichechus manatus). A região contém o maior numero de unidades de conservação do estado da Paraíba. O aumento da visitação turística torna necessário o planejamento turístico sustentável da região. No contexto ecológico, a hotelaria deve prestar serviços com impacto ambiental reduzido para promover o desenvolvimento local sustentável. O presente estudo pretende observar a gestão da hotelaria do litoral norte da Paraíba sob o paradigma da sustentabilidade. Através de pesquisa qualitativa, os gestores responsáveis pelo serviço de hotelaria foram entrevistados. A gestão da hotelaria do litoral norte da Paraíba atua de modo inadequado às premissas do desenvolvimento sustentável. O contexto local demanda planejamento turismo ecológico para evitar a desestruturação da natureza e da cultura tradicional.

Sustainable management: evaluation of socio-environmental responsibility in the lodging facilities of the northern coast of Paraíba (Brazil)

ABSTRACT

The northern coast of Paraiba presents a singular context that includes Baroque architecture, indigenous presence and the sanctuary of Manatees (Trichechus manatus).The region contains the largest number of conservation units in the state of Paraiba. The increase in tourist visitation makes the region's sustainable tourist planning necessary. In the ecological context, the hospitality industry must provide services with reduced environmental impact to promote sustainable local development. This study aims to observe the management of the hospitality of the north coast of Paraiba under the sustainability paradigm. Through qualitative research the managers responsible for the hospitality service were interviewed. The management of the hospitality of the north coast of Paraiba acts inappropriately to the premises of sustainable development. The local context demands ecological tourism planning to avoid the destructuring of nature and traditional culture.

KEYWORDS: Hospitality Industry; Sustainable Management; Ecological Tourism.
Turismo religioso e de sol e praia: o caso do Santuário Mãe dos Pobres e Senhora do Piauí em Ilha Grande (PI)
Authors: Figueiredo Maria Clara Oliveira , Santos Juliana Maria Nascimento dos , Braga Solano de Souza , Perinotto André Riani Costa
Published: June 2019

O objetivo da pesquisa foi destacar a importância do Santuário Mãe dos Pobres e Senhora do Piauí no contexto da atividade turística desenvolvida no município de Ilha Grande de Santa Isabel, Piauí. Foi possível descrever a história do local que abriga os atrativos representativos de dois principais segmentos turísticos do estado, sendo eles o Santuário (turismo religioso) e o Delta do Parnaíba (turismo de sol e praia). A partir de pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais e da análise das respostas obtidas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com viajantes e moradores, observa-se que não há um conflito entre os dois segmentos turísticos no local. O evento que ocorre no Santuário atrai romeiros, mas também é frequentado pelos turistas que a princípio escolheram a região pela prática do turismo de sol e praia e, embora com motivações diferentes, não foi possível distinguir os dois tipos de turistas durante o evento. Enquanto os romeiros aproveitam os intervalos dos compromissos religiosos para desenvolver atividades recreativas nas praias de rio e de mar, o mesmo ocorre com os turistas de sol e praia que acabam participando das cerimônias e festas no Santuário.

Religious and sun-and-beach tourism: the case of the Mother of the Poor and Lady of Piauí Sanctuary in Ilha Grande (PI, Brazil)

the objective of the research was to highlight the importance of the Mother of the Poor Sanctuary and the Lady of Piauí in the context of the tourism activity developed in Ilha Grande de Santa Isabel, Piauí. It was possible to describe the history of the place that shelters the representative attractions of two main tourist segments of the state, such as the Sanctuary (religious tourism) and the Parnaíba River Delta (sun and beach tourism). Based on bibliographical, documentary and analysis of the answers obtained through semi-structured interviews with travelers and residents, it is observed that there is no conflict between the two tourist segments in the place. The event that takes place in the Sanctuary attracts pilgrims, but tourists who at first chose the region for the practice of sun and beach tourism also frequent it and, although with different motivations, it was not possible to distinguish the two types of tourists during the event. While the pilgrims take advantage of the intervals of religious commitments to develop recreational activities on the river and sea beaches, so do sun and beach tourists who end up attending ceremonies and feasts at the Sanctuary.

KEYWORDS: Sanctuary; Ilha Grande; Tourism; Delta of the Parnaiba.
Impactos ambientais em Unidades de Conservação: Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas na visão dos profissionais envolvidos com a visitação
Authors: Paiva Bianca Costa Azevedo de
Published: June 2019

Esta pesquisa tem como finalidade analisar quais os impactos ambientais causados pela visitação pública no Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas na percepção dos profissionais envolvidos. Visando o alcance dessa finalidade, foram elaborados os seguintes objetivos específicos: estudar as características das Unidades de Conservação, focando na categoria de Parques Nacionais; pesquisar a estrutura do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas e seu uso público e relacionar o uso público do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas com os impactos ambientais gerados, na percepção dos profissionais envolvidos. A método utilizado foi estudo de caso e quanto aos meios foram pesquisa de campo e pesquisa bibliográfica. Através da coleta de dado no local da pesquisa, foi possível apontar alguns impactos ambientais perceptíveis aos profissionais envolvidos com a visitação no Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, tais como poluição em geral, mudança na rotina dos animais da localidade, degradação das trilhas, entre outros.

Environmental impacts in Protected Areas: National Nark Anavilhanas in professionals vision involved with the visitation

ABSTRACT

This research aims at examining the environmental impacts of public visitation at the Anavilhanas National Park in the perception of the professionals involved. Aiming to reach this goal, the following specific objectives were established: to study the characteristics of protected areas, focusing on National Parks category; search the structure of the Anavilhanas National Park and its public use and relate the public use of the Anavilhanas National Park with the environmental impacts, the perception of the professionals involved. The method used was the case study and as the means were the search field and bibliographic research. By collecting data at the site of research, it was possible to identify some environmental impacts perceptible to professionals involved in the visitation in Anavilhanas National Park, such as pollution in general, change in routine from local animals, degradation of trails and others.

KEYWORDS: Impacts; Visitation; Anavilhanas.
Conhecer para conservar: reconhecimento da fauna nativa do cerrado por alunos do Distrito Federal
Authors: Dias Raphael Igor , Reis Brenda Elias dos
Published: June 2019

O conhecimento sobre biodiversidade local por parte da população é um componente importante para o sucesso de políticas de conservação. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o conhecimento de alunos do ensino fundamental em relação à fauna do Cerrado e sobre conceitos relacionados à conservação das espécies através da aplicação de questionários. Percebeu-se que os participantes identificaram mais espécies exóticas do que as nativas. Apesar de não reconhecerem com facilidade as espécies nativas, a maioria dos alunos demonstrou conhecer os conceitos de espécie ameaçada e extinta. O desconhecimento dos alunos sobre as espécies nativas pode estar relacionado a uma maior exposição, tanto na mídia quanto nos próprios livros didáticos de informações sobre espécies exóticas.
Sustentabilidade e afeto: a dimensão afetiva da sustentabilidade na família
Authors: Fialho Risomar Gomes Monteiro , Cunha Eduardo Vivian da
Published: June 2019

Este artigo propõe discutir sustentabilidade a partir da ideia de sua divisão em dimensões. Nesta perspectiva, aborda especialmente a dimensão afetiva da sustentabilidade, procurando buscar dentro desta a ligação existente entre a família e a sustentabilidade pela importância dos afetos que existem nesta relação. Trata através de pesquisa bibliográfica discutir especialmente de afeto entre os corpos individuais e coletivos, procurando entender de que maneira tais afetos circulam para determinar de que modos pode o sujeito dentro da família afetar e ser afetado e como estas afecções são capazes de tornar ou não um ambiente sustentável ou mesmo contribuir para a criação ou manutenção de espaços sustentáveis.
Sociedades tradicionais e conservação da natureza
Authors: Gonçalves Záira Lisley Teixeira , Cabral Marcelo Igor Araújo , Neves Tamires Macena , Santos Carlos Alberto Batista dos , Nogueira Eliane Maria de Souza
Published: June 2019

Este ensaio investiga a situação ambiental/territorial que envolve os povos e comunidades tradicionais, apontando fundamentos étnicos e culturais da socioiodiversidade desses grupos. Apresentamos conceitos e representações sobre sociedades e territórios tradicionais, seguido de um debate teórico sobre o uso de recursos naturais pelas comunidades tradicionais. A vasta diversidade sociocultural brasileira é investigada de diferentes formas, buscando apontar elementos de autoidentificação que permitam caracterizá-la como povos tradicionais e territórios sociais. Para tanto, as reflexões aqui trazidas buscam entender os fatores que intermediam as relações com a fauna e consequente manejo sustentável, a partir da compreensão das relações existentes entre essas sociedades e os recursos naturais presentes nos territórios ocupados. Afirma-se assim a importância da promoção dos direitos étnicos e culturais que assistem os povos e comunidades tradicionais.
Percepção dos visitantes do Parque Ecológico “João Domingos Coelho” em Assis (SP) quanto ao meio ambiente e avifauna
Authors: Queiroz Stéfani Caroline , Frei Fernando
Published: June 2019

O Brasil apresenta uma diversidade rica de aves nativas. Porém, com o desmedido crescimento da zona urbana e avanço dos processos tecnológicos nas últimas décadas, a conservação do ambiente natural e, por consequência, da avifauna estão ameaçados. O presente estudo por sua vez, busca definir o perfil dos visitantes do Parque Buracão, em Assis/SP, quanto ao conhecimento sobre conservação ambiental, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento do pensamento conservacionista por meio da observação de aves como ferramenta aliada à educação ambiental. Os resultados exibem a necessidade de projetar atividades que promovam o desenvolvimento da percepção ambiental dos indivíduos.
Avaliação da influência de atividades de Educação Ambiental na melhoria da coleta seletiva em uma instituição de ensino
Authors: Campos Ana Carolina Moraes , Ribeiro André Geraldo Cornélio , Pires Magda Carvalho , Sousa Felipe Amourim
Published: June 2019

As instituições de ensino impactam significativamente o meio onde estão inseridas, devido à natureza de suas atividades. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de uma intervenção educacional na eficiência de um programa de coleta seletiva já implantado. O resultado mostra que há uma melhoria nos resultados dos questionários e descarte de resíduos recicláveis realizado pela comunidade acadêmica. Logo, foi possível concluir que a intervenção educacional proposta teve impacto positivo na percepção ambiental e na segregação de resíduos recicláveis. Sendo assim, ressalta-se a importância de o PCSS estar associado a programas de Educação Ambiental, com foco contínuo em atividades que estimulem a participação de toda a comunidade acadêmica.
Pesca predatória do mapará (Hypophthalmus spp.) no município de Limoeiro do Ajuru (PA) e Educação Ambiental como instrumento mediador de interesses e conflitos
Authors: Silva-Junior Antonio Rodrigues da , Rodrigues Suzi Carolina Moraes , Carvalho André Cutrim
Published: June 2019

Os peixes das espécies Hypophthalmus H. marginatus, H. edentatus e H. fimbriatus, popularmente conhecidos como Mapará, é uma importante fonte econômica e alimentar da população do município de Limoeiro do Ajuru/PA. Todavia, ações antrópicas degradadoras, relacionadas à utilização de petrechos de pesca predatória, como redes impróprias para o pescado, bem como o desrespeito ao período reprodutivo das espécies, estão provocando uma redução no estoque pesqueiro do Mapará, o que acende um sinal de alerta às autoridades e sociedade organizada que precisam instrumentar mecanismos de governança para minimizar ou mitigar essas ações antagônicas à sustentabilidade.
Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Fungi Endofit Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) Sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Rianto Adi , Isrul Muhammad , Anggarini Sri , Saleh Ahmad
Published: June 2019

Gastroenteritis adalah suatu penyakit usus yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella typhimurium yang terjadi lebih dari 18 jam setelah bakteri ini masuk ke tubuh host. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Salmonella typhimurium yang telah banyak diteliti adalah daun jambu mete. Usaha untuk mengurangi eksploitasi alam adalah dengan mengisolasi fungi endofit pada bagian tanaman yang dapat memproduksi senyawa aktif. Fungi endofit merupakan fungi yang hidup pada sistem jaringan tanaman yang tidak menyebabkan gejala penyakit pada tanaman inangnya serta dapat menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti antibakteri, antivirus, antifungi dan sebagainya. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 3 isolat fungi endofit daun jambu mete yaitu fungi endofit putih, hitam dan hijau. Fungi endofit putih menghasilkan zona hambat terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhimurium rata-rata 20% = 4,36 mm, 40% = 4,82 mm, 60% = 5,87 mm, kontrol positif sebesar 12,81 mm dan kontrol negatif tidak memberikan zona hambat. Sedangkan jamur endofit hitam dan hijau daun jambu mete tidak memberikan zona hambat.
CREENCIAS RELACIONADAS CON LA VIOLENCIA DE PAREJA
Authors: Ceccarelli-Flores Juan , Quijandria-Angulo Jackeline Estela , Quijandria-Angulo Jackeline Estela , Quintanilla-Bernaola Paul , Requejo-Torres Jhon
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: Determinar las creencias relacionadas con la violencia de pareja en los pobladores del Centro Poblado “La Tierra Prometida” (Ica). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el Centro Poblado “La Tierra Prometida” (Ica), que alberga aproximadamente 1800 familias y 3600 pobladores de 19 a 59 años de edad. La muestra de 361 pobladores se seleccionó mediante muestreo aleatorio multietápico. Resultados: La violencia de pareja fue reportada por 350 (97,0%) entrevistados, en 345 (95,6%) de ellos fue de tipo psicológico y en 271 (75,1%) de tipo físico. Se observó mayor aceptación (de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo) con el enunciado “la mujer no se da cuenta cuando maltrata a su pareja” (75,1%), “el hombre que maltrata a una mujer tiene problemas psicológicos” (73,4%) y “el hombre que se deja maltratar por una mujer tiene problemas psicológicos” (73,2%). La violencia psicológica se asoció con la actividad laboral y el antecedente de violencia infantil (p<0,5); la violencia física se asoció al grado de instrucción (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Las creencias de la población denotan la presencia de patrones culturales que estigmatizan al hombre frente a este problema y que podrían limitar su reconocimiento y denuncia.
INDICACIONES DE CESÁREA
Authors: Oncoy-Rosales Ariana
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: Aportar a la calidad de atención y seguridad del paciente, mediante la correcta indicación de operación cesárea, basada en la mejor evidencia científica disponible, definiendo criterios de indicación de esta intervención quirúrgica. Materiales y métodos: Se realiza una estrategia de búsqueda para el desarrollo de la revisión de artículo, donde se revisa sitios web como; aNational Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), Hinari, PubMed. Se valoran la Guía Nacional de práctica clínica: Guías de práctica clínica y de procedimientos en obstetricia y perinatología. Ministerio de Salud Perú INMP. Conclusiones: La cesárea es el procedimiento quirúrgico más realizado en el mundo en mujeres en edad reproductiva, es motivo de preocupación en salud pública que su indicación sea la correcta, evitando consecuencias en morbilidad y mortalidad que pudiesen

resultar de su sobre indicación. Reportándose elevadas tasas de prevalencia de realización de cesáreas en países en vías de desarrollo como nuestro país que supera las tasas indicadas por la OMS que recomiendan un total de 15% del total de nacimientos. Su real posicionamiento en la práctica obstétrica se comprenderá una vez se entiendan las reales ventajas y desventajas de su ejecución, no sólo en lo referente al embarazo en curso sino respecto de la historia reproductiva final de la paciente. Por ello se hace necesario que los criterios, sean precisos para la indicación de una cesárea, realizar protocolos, unificar conocimientos y actitudes hacia la cesárea, y que no sea un procedimiento habitual.
ABORTO TERAPÉUTICO EN EL PERÚ: UNA REVISIÓN SOBRE EL ENFOQUE ACTUAL
Authors: Cámara-Reyes Ramón , Cámara-Reyes Ramón , Obregon-Gavilan Danilo , Tipiani-Mallma Miguel
Published: June 2019

La práctica del aborto tiene muchos años de emplearse en todas las partes del mundo, teniendo diferentes connotaciones en diferentes culturas, regiones, países, etc. Entre los años 2010 a 2014, la tasa de abortos de mujeres jóvenes y de edad media fue de 35 por cada 1000 mujeres en todo el mundo. En el Perú, ocurren 400 000 abortos inducidos anualmente, con diversas causas y junto con ello sus complicaciones. El artículo 119 del Código Penal Peruano entiende al aborto terapéutico como el acto realizado y permitido siempre y cuando sea decisión de la gestante o de un representante para salvaguardar la vida de ella. La protección de la salud de las mujeres proporcionada por los instrumentos que garantizan el acceso al aborto por indicación terapéutica debe incluir la protección de la salud mental, indispensable para asegurar un adecuado nivel de bienestar que permita a la persona vivir con dignidad
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN IBU HAMIL “1000 HARI PERTAMA KEHIDUPAN UNTUK GENERASI YANG LEBIH BAIK”
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Nuryuniarti Rissa , Kurniawati Ade
Published: June 2019

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman ibu hamil tentang 1000 hari pertama kehidupan sebagai masa kritis yang memerlukan perhatian, supaya ibu hamil mampu menjaga kehamilannya. Metode penyuluhan kesehatan yang diberikan melalui lembar balik 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan. Pengabdian Masyarakat 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) diikuti oleh 33 orang Ibu hamil dan secara continue diasuh setiap bulannya. Persiapan asuhan meliputi pendataan ibu hamil di daerah tamansari yang diundang langsung ke graha UMTAS pada bulan desember, yang selanjutnya dilakukan asuhan dari bulan januari sampai bulan mei yang bertempat di posyandu atau tempat yang telah disepakati dengan kader yang mengumpulkan ibu hamil sehingga memudahkan dalam pemberian asuhan.
PEMBINAAN PARENTING BAGI ORANG TUA SISWA DI PAUD DAN TK ASSAABIQ SINGAPARNA KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Arumsari Cucu , Nurkamilah Milah , Isti’adah Feida Noorlaila
Published: June 2019

Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) dan Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) harus dapat memberikan layanan tidak hanya bagi anak di kelompok bermain saja, namun juga bagi orang tua sebagai mitra untuk berkolaborasi dalam proses pendidikan anak yang salah satunya melalui program parenting. TK dan  PAUD Assaabiq terletak di desa Cipakat Kecamatan Singaparna belum melaksanakan kegiatan parenting bagi orang tua siswa secara berkala dan terprogram. Padahal, beberapa indikasi menunjukkan bahwa orang tua siswa belum memahami bagaimana fase perkembangan anak. Kemudian, masih banyak orang tua yang bersikap overprotektif sehingga perkembangan kemandirian anak tidak berkembang secara optimal. Selain itu, ketidakpahaman orang tua mengenai perkembangan kognitif anak,  seringkali  menuntut  anak  untuk  dapat  membaca,  menulis  dan  berhitung secara instan serta membebankan tangggung jawab mengajar anak pada guru di sekolah. Oleh karena itu, parenting bagi  orang tua siswa PAUD dan  TK Assaabiq   di   Desa   Cipakat   Kecamatan   Singaparna   Kabupaten   Tasikmalaya mengambil tema memahami fase tumbuh kembang anak. Adapun pembinaan yang diberikan yaitu 1) Pola asuh, materi ini diberikan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan bagi orang tua mengenai perkembangan   anak   usia   2-6   tahun   secara   psikologis.   Setelah   orang   tua memahami fase tumbuh kembang anak dan mengetahui pola asuh yang tepat, diharapkan pola komunikasi antara orang tua dan anak akan terjalin dengan baik; 2)  menumbuhkan  kemandirian  anak,  materi  ini  bertujuan   agar  orang  tua memahami dan mampu membedakan perlakuan pengasuhan mana yang dapat melatih kemandirian anak, serta pengasuhan mana yang dapat memanjakan anak sehingga kemandiriannya tidak  berkembang optimal  dan berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan  anak  menyelesaikan  masalah,  kemampuan  sosial,  dan  religiusitas anak; dan 3) kemampuan berpikir logis dan simbolik pada anak, materi ini diberikan bertujuan upaya memberikan pengetahuan kepada orang tua mengenai perkembangan kognitif anak khususnya kemampuan logis dan simbolik, serta memberikan pemahaman  kepada orang tua bahwa matematika  dapat  diajarkan sejak dini, melalui lingkungan alami anak dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir logis dan simbolik anak.
Reassessment of the generic limits for Hydnellum and Sarcodon (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota)
Authors: Larsson Karl-Henrik , Svantesson Sten , Miscevic Diana , Kõljalg Urmas , Larsson Ellen
Published: June 2019

DNA sequences from the nuclear LSU and ITS regions were used for phylogenetic analyses of Thelephorales with a focus on the stipitate hydnoid genera Hydnellum and Sarcodon. Analyses showed that Hydnellum and Sarcodon are distinct genera but that the current division, based on basidioma texture, makes Sarcodon paraphyletic with respect to Hydnellum. In order to make genera monophyletic several species are moved from Sarcodon to Hydnellum and the following new combinations are made: Hydnellumamygdaliolens, H.fennicum, H.fuligineoviolaceum, H.fuscoindicum, H.glaucopus, H.joeides, H.lepidum, H.lundellii, H.martioflavum, H.scabrosum, H.underwoodii, and H.versipelle. Basidiospore size seems to separate the genera in most cases. Hydnellum species have basidiospore lengths in the range 4.45−6.95 µm while the corresponding range for Sarcodon is 7.4−9 µm. S.quercinofibulatus deviates from this pattern with an average spore length around 6 µm. Neotropical Sarcodon species represent a separate evolutionary lineage.
Allometry and morphological trait relationship in the sexually dimorphic Chinese dobsonfly, Acanthacorydalis asiatica (Wood-Mason, 1884) (Megaloptera, Corydalidae)
Authors: Cao Chengquan , Yu Pei , Hayashi Fumio
Published: June 2019

Male insects with large weapons such as horns and elongate mandibles would be expected to invest more on such structures than other parts of the body for advantages in male to male competition for mating. In male genitalia, however, intermediate size provides a better fit for more females than small or large sizes, and such a male would leave more offspring regardless of their body size. These predictions were tested using a static allometry analysis between body size and other trait sizes.Acanthacorydalisasiaticais a large dobsonfly (Megalotera) and males have conspicuously large mandibles used as weapons. We examined the hypothesis that the male mandibles of this sexually dimorphic species are sexually selected to enlarge, whereas the male genitalia are stable to be intermediate regardless of a great variation in body size. The results, as predicted, showed positive allometry between male body size and mandible length but negative allometry between male body size and ectoproct length (a male grasping structure). Sperm are transferred through a small spermatophore attached externally to the female genital opening, so it may be evolutionarily unnecessary to develop an enlarged male genital size. In contrast, there may be a trade-off between male mandible size and wing length, because of negative allometry between body size and wing length in males but isometry between them in females.