bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-Gradient Joint Inversion of DC Resistivity and Gravity Gradient Data: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach for Geoscience, Heritage, and the Built Environment
Authors: Ghari Hosseinali , Parnow Saeed , Varfinezhad Ramin , Milano Maurizio , Fourie Francois Daniel , Tosti Fabio
Published: November 2024

Accurate subsurface imaging is crucial for understanding complex geological structures. Traditional approaches often involve separate inversion of different geophysical datasets, which may not fully capture the structural similarities between the models. Joint inversion, integrating multiple datasets, offers a more comprehensive view by enhancing the resolution and the accuracy of subsurface models. In this study, we propose a joint inversion technique for DC resistivity and vertical gravity gradient data, leveraging the cross-gradient constraint to enforce structural similarities between the resulting models. This method is applied to both synthetic and real datasets, including case studies involving qanats in Iran and a dolerite dyke in South Africa. The results demonstrate that joint inversion significantly improves the accuracy of resistivity and density models compared to independent inversion, particularly in resolving intricate geological features. This approach has proven effective in enhancing subsurface mapping for multi-disciplinary purposes, including resource exploration, heritage conservation, and risk mitigation for the built environment.
Mesoscale Eddy Properties in Four Major Western Boundary Current Regions
Authors: Cui Wei , Yang Jungang , Zhou Chaojie
Published: November 2024

Oceanic mesoscale eddies are a kind of typical geostrophic dynamic process which can cause vertical movement in water bodies, thereby changing the temperature, salinity, density, and chlorophyll concentration of the surface water in the eddy. Based on multisource remote sensing data and Argo profiles, this study analyzes and compares the mesoscale eddy properties in four major western boundary current regions (WBCs), i.e., the Kuroshio Extension (KE), the Gulf Stream (GS), the Agulhas Current (AC), and the Brazil Current (BC). The 30-year sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) data are used to identify mesoscale eddies in the four WBCs. Among the four WBCs, the GS eddies have the largest amplitude and the BC eddies have the smallest amplitude. Combining the altimeter-detected eddy results with the simultaneous observations of sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface density, and chlorophyll concentration, the local impacts of eddy activities in each WBCs are analyzed. The eddy surface temperature and salinity signals are positively correlated with the eddy SSHA signals, while the eddy surface density and chlorophyll concentrations are negatively correlated with eddy SSHA signals. The correlation analysis of eddy surface signals in the WBCs reveals that eddies have regional differences in the surface signal changes of eddy activities. Based on the subsurface temperature and salinity information provided by Argo profiles, the analysis of the vertical thermohaline characteristics of mesoscale eddies in the four WBCs is carried out. Eddies in the four WBCs have deep influence on the vertical thermohaline characteristics of water masses, which is not only related to the strong eddy activities but also to the thick thermocline and halocline of water masses in the WBCs.
A Resource Scheduling Algorithm for Multi-Target 3D Imaging in Radar Network Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Yao Huan , Lou Hao , Wang Dan , Chen Yijun , Yan Junkun
Published: November 2024

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) three-dimensional (3D) imaging technology enables the acquisition of clear 3D structures of targets, significantly enhancing target recognition performance. In resource-constrained environments, an effective resource scheduling algorithm is essential for achieving high-quality 3D imaging of multiple targets. However, existing algorithms often neglect the quality requirements of 3D imaging during resource allocation. A resource scheduling algorithm for multi-target 3D imaging in a radar network based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed in this paper, achieving multi-target 3D imaging with minimal time resource consumption while ensuring the imaging quality of targets. First, based on the projection-based multi-view ISAR 3D imaging method, the impact of the radar distribution and radar number on the target imaging quality is analyzed. Subsequently, a resource scheduling model is constructed with the objective of minimizing time consumption while ensuring target imaging quality. The problem is then formulated as a Markov decision process, and the Advantage Actor–Critic (A2C) deep reinforcement learning method is employed to solve the model. By reasonably designing the reward for reinforcement learning and pruning the action space based on domain knowledge, the convergence speed of the network is significantly accelerated. An optimal scheduling strategy including a radar node allocation scheme and timing pulse allocation scheme for each radar can be obtained after convergence. The simulation experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
High-Resolution Nearshore Sea Surface Temperature from Calibrated Landsat Brightness Data
Authors: Speiser William H. , Largier John L.
Published: November 2024

Understanding and monitoring nearshore environments is essential, given that these fine-scaled ecosystems are integral to human well-being. While satellites offer an opportunity to gain synchronous and spatially extensive data of coastal areas, off-the-shelf calibrated satellite sea surface temperature (SST) measurements have only been available at coarse resolutions of 1 km or larger. In this study, we develop a novel methodology to create a simple linear equation to calibrate fine-scale Landsat thermal infrared radiation brightness temperatures (calibrated for land sensing) to derive SST at a resolution of 100 m. The constants of this equation are derived from correlations of coincident MODIS SST and Landsat data, which we filter to find optimal pairs. Validation against in situ sensor data at varying distances from the shore in Northern California shows that our SST estimates are more accurate than prior off-the-shelf Landsat data calibrated for land surfaces. These fine-scale SST estimates also demonstrate superior accuracy compared with coincident MODIS SST estimates. The root mean square error for our minimally filtered dataset (n = 557 images) ranges from 0.76 to 1.20 °C with correlation coefficients from r = 0.73 to 0.92, and for our optimal dataset (n = 229 images), the error is from 0.62 to 0.98 °C with correlations from r = 0.83 to 0.92. Potential error sources related to stratification and seasonality are examined and we conclude that Landsat data represent skin temperatures with an error between 0.62 and 0.73 °C. We discuss the utility of our methodology for enhancing coastal monitoring efforts and capturing previously unseen spatial complexity. Testing the calibration methodology on Landsat images before and after the temporal bounds of accurate MODIS SST measurements shows successful calibration with lower errors than the off-the-shelf, land-calibrated Landsat product, extending the applicability of our approach. This new approach for obtaining high-resolution SST data in nearshore waters may be applied to other upwelling regions globally, contributing to improved coastal monitoring, management, and research.
“Then They Will Move on in Life”: How Governance and Institutional Logic Shapes Norwegian Aftercare—An Interview Study
Authors: Øiseth Ole Herman , Helgesen Marit Kristine
Published: November 2024

In Norway, aftercare for young people aged 18–25 can be provided by the Child Welfare Service, Social Services, or both. We ask how services are regulated, implemented at the municipal level, and whether young people co-produce the services they receive. The approaches of co-production, governance, institutional logic, and coordination lay the foundation for the analyses of data from a document study and interviews carried out with professionals and leaders in one municipality. The findings show that governance mechanisms and institutional logic are parallel and competing. Sectorization is prominent, and overlapping jurisdictions are not avoided in the dominant regime combining public administration and market logic. The market logic is strong, favouring cost-benefit considerations, making the responsibility for young people volatile. The family logic is present at the professional level in both services; nevertheless, it must be worked with to be fully aligned with the professional and the community logic, and it is not dominant. The conclusions are that it is an open question as to whether young people co-produce the services they receive, and that the revised Child Welfare Act can strengthen the alignment of family, professional, and community logic.
The Role of Green Consumer Brand Engagement in Shaping Brand Loyalty Through Digital Marketing in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Uludag Orhan , Andrlić Berislav , Omoruyi David
Published: November 2024

This study examines how digital marketing characteristics—namely interactivity, ubiquity, and credibility—affect green consumer brand engagement and loyalty in Nigeria’s five-star hotel industry. This study advances relationship marketing and social exchange theory by demonstrating how interactivity, ubiquity, and credibility in digital marketing foster green consumer brand engagement, ultimately boosting brand loyalty. The analysis, based on responses from 304 hotel guests, reveals a strong positive relationship between each digital marketing element and green consumer brand engagement, which subsequently enhances brand loyalty. Our findings demonstrate that green consumer brand engagement serves as a mediator between digital marketing characteristics and brand loyalty, emphasizing that engagement with environmental values plays a crucial role in fostering loyalty in the luxury hotel sector. These insights inform digital marketing strategies aimed at maximizing sustainable consumer engagement, providing a foundation for loyalty-driven practices within hospitality.
Video Games in Civic Engagement in Urban Planning, a Methodology for Effective and Informed Selection of Games for Specific Needs
Authors: Szot Jan
Published: November 2024

Video games are recognized as significant tools and mediums to be used in civic participation in spatial planning and fostering local communities. As the phenomenon is widely recognized in papers presenting singular case studies and broader analyses in the field, selecting such serious games with certain characteristics remains unclear. The informed process of choosing games with particular properties regarding genesis, graphic style, genre, and complexity as the response for specified needs and process assumptions appears to be supportive in preventing unnecessary costs and data overproduction. Such avoidance is an important part of sustainable digital transformation. Therefore, there is a need for a more conscious process of selecting video games to be used in a participatory process. The following paper aims to propose a numerical base for a decisional instrument that could be useful for specifying the characteristics of games to be utilized in participation. They performed a multicriteria analysis of documented cases of implementing video games in civic engagement, allowing the creation of a set of numeric indicators that help determine the properties of games that will be most appropriate for given process assumptions. Such a tool can prevent overproducing data on the one hand and may cause dissemination of the presented way of handling the participation process on the other.
Prioritizing Resource and Policy Barriers to Post-Disaster Recovery in Pakistan: A Multi-Expert Fermatean Fuzzy AHP Analysis
Authors: Khan Abid , Shah Ashfaq Ahmad , Alotaibi Bader Alhafi , Khan Inam
Published: November 2024

Natural disasters have a widespread impact globally, often posing significant challenges to sustainable development in affected regions. Effective disaster recovery requires coordinated efforts from various stakeholders; however, this process is frequently hindered by inadequate resources and policies. Consequently, a thorough exploration of resource- and policy-related barriers is essential for sustainable recovery. This study aims to identify and prioritize resource and policy barriers (RPBs) that hamper the ongoing post-flood recovery process in Pakistan. Twenty-eight barriers were selected through an extensive literature review and further classified into five categories: human, financial, infrastructure, technological, and policy and governance. The fermatean fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (FF-AHP) was used to determine the weights of the selected barriers and prioritize them according to their local and global weights. The results reveal that financial resource barriers are the most important category, while low income of households, lack of appropriate disaster management policies, and unemployment are the top three barriers that significantly affect the post-disaster recovery process. Additionally, the study provides a comparative analysis to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed model over the spherical fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (SF-AHP). The study’s findings can provide valuable insights for decision-makers, assisting them in identifying critical challenges and implementing effective recovery strategies for sustainable development.
Optimizing Data Quality for Sustainable Development: An Integration of Green Finance with Financial Market Regulations
Authors: Alahmadi Mazin
Published: November 2024

The increasing complexity of sustainable development amid financial market regulations has increased the importance of high-quality datasets. However, there is a lack of an integrated approach combining green-finance metrics with the requisite data optimization. This study presents an integrated approach combining green-finance metrics with data optimization. The study uses factorial design methodologies on a sample of 30 firms listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange. Data over five years (2018–2022) were analyzed, focusing on key financial metrics, ESG (environmental, social, and governmental) scores, and sustainability factors. Data analysis used machine-learning models including random forest and XGBoost, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and regression techniques to evaluate prediction accuracy. The findings revealed that extending the data history from 1–2 to 3–5 years reduced the mean squared error (MSE) by up to 40%, with the XGBoost model achieving an MSE of 0.03 and demonstrating better generalization. In contrast, random forest showed a near-perfect fit with an MSE of 0.00 but risked overfitting. The sampling frequency also affected the accuracy, with weekly and monthly sampling outperforming daily intervals, resulting in an MSE improvement of 15–20%. This study provides a framework for integrating ESG metrics into economic models, aiding policymakers and industry leaders in making informed decisions. The promising results of this study also open avenues for future research and development in sustainable finance and data analysis, offering hope for further progress and innovation.
Enhancing Dispersive Soil: An Experimental Study on the Efficacy of Microbial, Electrokinetics, and Chemical Approaches
Authors: Liu Pinghui , Zhu Ruimeng , Zhao Feiyan , Zhao Yang
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the influence of four soil improvement methods—microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), electrokinetics (EK), chemical additives, and a combination of EK and chemical additives—on the dispersivity, mechanical properties, and microstructure of dispersive soil. A series of tests was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods on dispersive soil. Both the original and treated soil samples were tested to assess changes in soil properties, including dispersivity, plasticity, pH, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), shear strength, and microstructure. Dispersivity was assessed using pinhole tests, crumb tests, double hydrometer tests, and exchangeable sodium percentage tests. The experimental results indicate that the combined EK and chemical additives method significantly reduces the dispersivity and plasticity of the dispersive soil compared with the other methods, leading to improved UCS. The EK and chemical additive methods individually demonstrate effective modification under a voltage of 48V and an additive content of 4%, respectively, enhancing the shear strength of the dispersive soil. MICP does not significantly improve the dispersivity of dispersive soil, but it does enhance the shear strength of the treated soil, with a particularly notable increase in the internal friction angle. Overall, the combined method shows more remarkable improvements in the dispersive soil than any single method. In summary, the combination of EK and chemical additives has significant potential for improving the dispersivity and mechanical properties of dispersive soil.
Sustainability-Focused Accounting, Management, and Governance Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Teh David , Khan Tehmina
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to sustainability in business, emphasizing the need for integrated perspectives from the angles of accounting, management, and governance. It argues that addressing the complex and multifaceted environmental and social impacts of business requires more than just sustainability reporting frameworks. While reporting holds businesses accountable, it is not sufficient on its own without meaningful action. Business management plays a crucial role in implementing sustainability initiatives, and executives, as key decision-makers, must align organizational strategies and resources to achieve sustainability goals. A bibliometric analysis of sustainability-related literature across three business research domains—accounting, management, and governance—has been undertaken. Web of Science has been used as the data source to identify key themes, trends, and relationships. In the analysis, co-authorship, citation patterns, and keyword co-occurrence analysis have been implemented to uncover interconnections between the domains. The findings highlight both commonalities and unique aspects of each literature stream, offering insights into how business practices can more holistically address sustainability challenges. The article concludes with recommendations for a combined approach to sustainability that encourages comprehensive action by researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers to address the pressing environmental and social issues that businesses face.
Enhancing Environmental Policy Decisions in Korea and Japan Through AI-Driven Air Pollution Forecast
Authors: Kim Yushin , Kim Jungin , Cho Sunghyun , Sim Hyein , Kim Ji-Young
Published: November 2024

(1) Background: Although numerous artificial intelligence (AI)-based air pollution prediction models have been proposed, research that links key pollution drivers, such as regional industrial facilities, to actionable policy recommendations is required. (2) Methods: This study employs the radial basis function (RBF) and spatial lag features to capture spatial interactions among regions, utilizing a transformer model for analysis. The model was trained on air quality and industrial data from South Korea (2010–2022) and Japan (2017–2020). (3) Results: The transformer model achieved a mean squared error of 0.045 for the Korean dataset and 0.166 for the Japanese dataset, outperforming benchmark models, including Support Vector Regression, neural networks, and the AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average model. (4) Conclusions: By capturing complex spatial dynamics, the proposed model provides valuable insights that can assist policymakers in developing effective, data-driven strategies for air pollution reduction at the national and regional levels, thereby supporting the broader goals of sustainability through informed, equitable environmental interventions.
Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design Framework: (Re-)Designing the Advanced Materials Lifecycle
Authors: Kostapanou Adamantia , Chatzipanagiotou Konstantina-Roxani , Damilos Spyridon , Petrakli Foteini , Koumoulos Elias P.
Published: November 2024

In the last few years, the materials research community has shown increased interest in Advanced Materials (AdMas) that are specifically designed to substitute the traditionally used materials, not only with a view to their sustainability, sourcing criticality, or scarcity, but also to maintaining or even enhancing their functionality and performance. The use of AdMas is particularly researched in sectors where the environmental impact of the traditional materials is substantial, in terms of waste production or resource consumption. Due to their novelty and potentially unpredictable impacts, and to add further value to their application, there is an increasing interest in the safety and sustainability of AdMas. In this context, a new 5-step Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD) framework was developed by the European Union, to support the (re-)design and development of novel materials. A guideline is presented for enforcing the (re-)design phase of the framework with paradigms to guide stakeholders and practically add value to the materials’ industry. The present manuscript analyzes the advances and challenges of the SSbD framework, showcasing its applicability and limitations and the added value compared to traditionally used assessment methodologies, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the methodology and add value to the materials’ industry concerning safety and sustainability.
Carbon Emission Trend Prediction for Regional Cities in Jiangsu Province Based on the Random Forest Model
Authors: Yang Wanru , Chen Long , Ke Tong , He Huan , Li Dehu , Liu Kai , Li Huiming
Published: November 2024

This study accounted for and analyzed the carbon emissions of 13 cities in Jiangsu Province from 1999 to 2021. We compared the simulation effects of four models—STIRPAT, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and support vector regression—on carbon emissions and performed model optimization. The random forest model demonstrated the best simulation performance. Using this model, we predicted the carbon emission paths for the 13 cities in Jiangsu Province under various scenarios from 2022 to 2040. The results show that Xuzhou has already achieved its peak carbon target. Under the high-speed development scenario, half of the cities can achieve their peak carbon target, while the remaining cities face significant challenges in reaching their peak carbon target. To further understand the factors influencing carbon emissions, we used the machine learning interpretation method SHAP and the features importance ranking method. Our analysis indicates that electricity consumption, population size, and energy intensity have a greater influence on overall carbon emissions, with electricity consumption being the most influential variable, although the importance of the factors varies considerably across different regions. Results suggest the need to tailor carbon reduction measures to the differences between cities and develop more accurate forecasting models.
Applications of Symmetries to Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Liu Ping , Lou Senyue
Published: November 2024

This review begins with the standard Lie symmetry theory for nonlinear PDEs and explores extensions of symmetry analysis. First, it introduces three key symmetry reduction methods: the classical symmetry method, conditional symmetries, and the CK direct method. Next, it presents two finite symmetry transformation group methods—one related to Lax pairs and one independent of them. The fourth section reviews four nonlocal symmetry methods based on conserved forms, conformal invariants, Darboux transformations, and Lax pairs. The final section covers supersymmetry theory and supersymmetric dark equations. Each method is illustrated with examples and references.
The Laboratory Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) Is a Unique Model for Research on Zika Virus: Robust Immune Response, Widespread Dissemination, and Long-Term Persistence
Authors: Pastor André Filipe , Mahaney Susan M. , Garcia Juan , Morales Marisol , Quintanilla Oscar , Arriaga Marco A. , Thomas John M. , VandeBerg John L.
Published: November 2024

The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic elicited a rapid commitment to the development of animal models for ZIKV research. Non-human primates (NHPs) and mice have made significant contributions to this research, but NHPs are expensive, have a long gestation period, and are available only in small numbers; non-genetically modified mice are resistant to infection. To address these deficiencies, we have established the laboratory opossum, Monodelphis domestica, as a small animal model that complements the mouse and monkey models. We developed and validated an indirect ELISA for measuring antibodies to ZIKV in opossums, as well as an immunohistochemistry (IHC) method to detect ZIKV NS1 protein in tissue samples. Opossum pups inoculated intracerebrally as embryos, juveniles inoculated by several routes, and mothers that cannibalized inoculated pups became persistently infected with ZIKV. The virus spread to multiple organs and persisted for up to 38 weeks (the latest endpoint of the experiments). A robust humoral immune response was mounted, and high titers of antibodies also persisted for 38 weeks. The results establish M. domestica as a natural, non-genetically modified animal model in which ZIKV persists long-term after experimental exposure and as a unique animal model for research on the immune response to ZIKV.
“Low-Hanging Fruit” Practices for Improving Water Productivity of Rainfed Potatoes Using Integration of Cultivar Selection, Mulch Application, and Different Agroecological Zones in Sub-Tropical, Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Phungula Nosipho Precious Minenhle , Hadebe Sandile Thamsanqa , Schulte-Geldermann Elmar , Sithole Lucky , Ngobese Nomali Ziphorah
Published: November 2024

Unevenly distributed rainfall leads to reduced potato water productivity (WP) under rainfed production conditions. Understanding the practices that can increase WP is vital. Our objectives were to understand (i) the seasonal variables that influence WP under rainfed conditions and (ii) the effect of the integration of cultivar x locality x mulch on potato WP. The study was undertaken in smallholder settings in two agroecological zones: Appelsbosch (Mbalenhle locality) and Swayimane (Stezi and Mbhava locality). A split plot, in a randomized complete block design experiment, included mulching (mulch and no mulch), four selected cultivars, and s three localities. Soil water content (SWC), yield, and climatic data were collected, and actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) and WP were calculated. Rainfall, ETa, and crop growth and development had a significant influence on the seasonal WP. Cultivar × mulch × locality had an insignificant effect on the WP, however, locality × cultivar significantly altered the WP. The localities that had lower vapor pressure deficit (VPD), high relative humidity, and sandy soil had a higher potato WP for all cultivars, with the highest (18.38 kg m−3) being that from Electra. The findings suggest that using localities that have less atmospheric dryness and a cultivar (Electra) that shows stability of yield across the seasons can be an easy-to-apply practice for increasing potato WP in a resource-limited environment.
Assessing Perceptions and Interpretations of Tsunami Maps: Insights from the Public and Risk Experts
Authors: Vera San Martín Teresa , López Gloria I. , Mestanza-Ramón Carlos , Milanés Celene B. , Canales Fausto A.
Published: November 2024

Tsunami maps provide critical information about tsunami hazards, potential inundation areas, and safe evacuation routes, yet little research has addressed how different user groups perceive and interpret these maps. Using a questionnaire distributed to 181 participants (24 experts—EXs and 157 general users—GUs) and the chi-square (χ2) test, this research explored their understanding and perception of map elements, symbology, probabilistic data, and uncertainty communication. The results show that while both groups generally understand the maps, significant differences exist in their perception of essential map elements, such as evacuation routes, safe zones, and technical data. On average, EXs identified 7.38 elements that evacuation maps should contain, consistently emphasizing the need for more detailed information, whereas GUs preferred simplicity, selecting an average of 5.11 elements. These results highlight the need to balance detail and clarity in map design to serve both user groups effectively. Notably, the results suggest that at least 33% of EXs and 47% of GUs did not clearly distinguish between tsunami hazard and evacuation maps, highlighting the need for clearer map design and terminology. The study also revealed challenges in communicating probabilistic data and uncertainty to non-experts, suggesting the need for improved methods to present this information effectively.
Medium- and Long-Term Hydrological Process Study in the Karst Watershed of the Lijiang River Basin
Authors: Li Weixuan , Luan Song , Zhao Yuqing , Chen Yifei
Published: November 2024

The hydrological processes in karst watersheds are influenced by various factors, including climate characteristics, underlying surface properties, and human activities. Existing watershed hydrological models primarily rely on theoretical concepts or empirical function relationships for simulation, resulting in insufficient accuracy in hydrological process analysis for study areas with limited data. The structure of artificial neural networks is similar to the hydrological process structure in karst watersheds. Based on the hydrological characteristics of the Lijiang River, a BP neural network model is configured with structural parameters set to 13-9-1. Using hydrological data from the Lijiang River from 1995 to 2020 as the foundational dataset, the network is trained and tested for prediction accuracy. The results show that the coefficient of determination for the monthly runoff model in the Lijiang River basin, based on the BP neural network, is 0.942. This suggests that it is feasible to use historical data to predict future flow changes in the Lijiang River basin, assuming that the changes are due exclusively to precipitation and evapotranspiration, but no significant changes occur in the land uses. The findings hold significant importance for water resource management in typical karst watersheds.
Study on Deformation and Pore Water Pressure Characteristics of Diesel-Contaminated Soil After Thermal Desorption
Authors: Chun Yeyang , Liu Zonghui , Liang Tenglong , Zhou Dong , Su Dongpo
Published: November 2024

The deformation characteristics of soil after thermal desorption are crucial for the evaluation of engineering properties, but the evolution mechanism is currently unclear. This study focuses on the thermal desorption of contaminated soil, conducting Geo-dynamic Systems consolidation-rebound tests to reveal the evolution mechanism of consolidation–rebound deformation and pore pressure characteristics, and exploring the evolution mechanism through pore structure, particle size distribution, and Cation Exchange Capacity tests. Results show that the consolidation characteristics of uncontaminated soil increase and then decrease with heating temperature, with 400 °C as a turning point. In contrast, the consolidation deformation of contaminated soil continues to decrease. The vertical deformation of the soil in the pre/early consolidation stage is greater before 400 °C, while after 400 °C, the deformation continues to increase with consolidation pressure, and higher heating temperatures enhance the soil’s rebound deformation ability. Pore water pressure changes in two stages, with temperature ranges of 100–300 °C and 300–600 °C, and with increasing heating temperature, the characteristics of pore pressure change from clay to sand. Mechanism tests reveal that inter-aggregate pores affect initial deformation, while intra-aggregate pores affect later deformation, both showing a positive correlation. Aggregate decomposition increases initial deformation capacity at 100–400 °C while melting body fragmentation increases later deformation capacity at 500–600 °C. CEC decreases with increasing heating temperature, reducing inter-particle resistance and increasing soil deformation capacity. Particle size distribution and Cation Exchange Capacity impact consolidation–rebound pore pressure.
Rancangan Penyuluhan tentang Pemanfaatan Hama Keong Mas (Pomacea Canaliculata) sebagai Mikroorganisme Lokal (Mol) di Gapoktan Sido Mekar Desa Jati Kecamatan Karangan Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Afandi R. , Handayani S. , FoEkh B.
Published: November 2024

Gapoktan Sido Mekar adalah salah satu gapoktan di Desa Jati Kecamatan Karangan dengan jumlah anggota 518 anggota yang mendapatkan bantuan sapi potong dengan jumlah total 200 ekor, yang dikelola oleh 2 kelompok ternak. Dengan kedua potensi tersebut, Gapoktan Sido Mekar merupakan salah satu Gapoktan yang cukup aktif di Kabupaten Trenggalek. Dari hasil bantuan sapi potong, Gapoktan Sido Mekar mulai memproduksi pupuk organik padat dari limbah feses sapi yang telah menjadi produk andalan bagi mereka. Selain itu populasi keong mas di sawah petani menyebabkan banyak padi yang gagal tumbuh karena terserang hama keong mas. Jumlah Keong Mas yang terdapat di persawahan milik petani di Gapoktan Sido Mekar umumnya mencapai populasi 1-2 ekor per 2 m2. Pembuatan Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) berbahan Keong Mas dapat menjadi solusi petani untuk mengurangi dan memanfaatkan Keong Mas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk megetahui pemanfaat hama keong mas sebagai MOL, mendeskripsikan rancangan penyuluhan tentang pembuatan MOL berbahan keong mas, dan mengetahui evaluasi penyuluhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian terapan yang telah direkomendasikan oleh DI-GROW Sumatera Utara. Hasil penelitian berupa hasil uji organoleptik kondisi fisik pupuk organik dengan pemberian mol keong mas, rancangan penyuluhan dengan penetapan materi, media, metode dan evaluasi efektivitas penyuluhan.
Система обнаружения и подавления БПЛА, использующих инфраструктуру сотовых операторов для связи и управления
Authors: И.М. Кудрин , И.Г. Афонин
Published: November 2024

Предлагается система обнаружения и подавления беспилотных летательных аппаратов (БПЛА), которая основана на использовании инфраструктуры сотовой связи 4G LTE. Управляемые через сети операторов БПЛА функционируют как стандартные абонентские устройства с SIM-картами, и их сигналы могут быть обнаружены через анализ управляющих каналов LTE (PBCH, PDCCH, PUSCH). Это позволяет выявлять несанкционированные БПЛА, анализируя их взаимодействие с базовыми станциями (БС) сотовой сети. Для локализации БПЛА предлагается использовать методы триангуляции (MLAT) и цифрового формирования луча (digital beamforming). Кроме того, система может подавлять сигнал БПЛА, нарушая обмен данными между БПЛА и БС посредством генерации помех на основе легитимных сигналов.

A system for detecting and suppressing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is proposed, which is based on the use of 4G LTE cellular communications infrastructure. UAVs that are operated through network providers function like standard subscriber devices with SIM cards, and their signals can be detected through the analysis of LTE control channels (PBCH, PDCCH, PUSCH). This approach allows for the detection of unauthorized UAVs by analyzing their interaction with base stations. To localize UAVs, it is proposed to use multilateration (MLAT) and digital beamforming. In addition, the system can disrupt the UAV signal by interfering with the data exchange between the UAV and the base station through legitimate signal jamming.
Методы обнаружения помех при приеме сигналов глобальных навигационных спутниковых систем. Часть I
Authors: К.Ю. Коломенский
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрены методы обнаружения непреднамеренных и преднамеренных помех глобальным навигационным спутниковым системам (ГНСС). В первой части статьи приводится классификация помех, которые могут воздействовать на аппаратуру ГНСС, и методов их обнаружения. Представлен краткий аналитический обзор общих методов обнаружения непреднамеренных и преднамеренных мешающих воздействий в части блокирующих помех (глушение, jamming) по их энергетическому воздействию на приемник ГНСС, а также по искажению спектральных и статистических характеристик принимаемых сигналов. Анализируются преимущества и недостатки описанных методов.

Methods for detecting unintended and intentional interference to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are considered. The first part of the article provides a classification of interference that can affect GNSS receivers and methods of their detection. A brief analytical review of general methods for detecting unintended and intentional interference in terms of blocking interference (jamming) is presented based on their energy impact on the GNSS receiver, as well as on the distortion of the spectral and statistical characteristics of the received signals. The advantages and disadvantages of the described methods are analyzed.
Assessment of failure free properties of elements of the top drive system based on operating data of oil fi elds in Western Siberia
Authors:   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Антонюк П. В. , Острейковский В. А. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Сорочкин А. В. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia
Published: November 2024

Top drive systems, mounted on mobile drilling complexes, are used for repairing oil and gas
wells. Our team collected and analyzed data on the causes and downtime of more than 60 units of top drive systems operating in the fi elds of Western Siberia. Operators use top drive systems under adverse conditions that have a high level and unsteadiness of actual loads. Consequently, the functional reliability of these systems often falls short, leading to numerous repair and recovery activities and frequent replacement of elements that have exceeded their service life. Failure of top drive systems elements leads to the stop of the entire technological process of well repair and, as a result, to large economic losses. Therefore, one of the important directions in the problem of managing the reliability of top drive systems is the improvement methods for substantiating and analyzing reliability indicators based on statistical data from actual use. We have calculated
reliability indicators and determined distribution laws that enable us to assess the functional reliability of top drive system elements in a qualitative manner. This will enable us to make informed decisions while ensuring the necessary level of reliability.
Building Justice And Public Trust: Improving The Quality Of Judges Decision In Criminal Context
Authors: Waruwu Riki Perdana Raya , Rabbani Deden Rafi Syafiq
Published: November 2024

In the process of adjudicating cases, the substantial values ​​in judge decisions are often debated in the public sphere because of the disparity in several criminal decisions with similar events and light sentences (strafmaat) to law enforcement officers who commit corruption crimes, such as decisions at the appeals level. against a former prosecutor named Pinangki Sirna Malasari. Through conceptual approach, statute approach, and case approach, this paper attempts to answer two important questions, First, how to create quality decisions for the realization of justice and public trust? Second, how does the judiciary respond to public protests the court's decision which is considered to have imposed a low sentence on perpetrators of corruption? As a result of this paper, that quality decisions are made by judges by paying attention to legal justice, moral justice, and social justice with paying attention to the purpose of "preventive" sentencing to protect the community by placing criminals separately. from society and the purpose of "deterrence" sentencing is to create fear of committing crimes that can be distinguished for individuals, the public, and the long term. In addition, the judiciary should respond to public protests by establishing Special Guidelines in the Formulation of the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court which must be followed by judges.
The Implementation Of The Rules Of Engagement For A Soldier: Defianus’s Case In Papua
Authors: Islami Diajeng Dhea Annisa Aura
Published: November 2024

Indonesia is a legal state that possesses defense and security capabilities based on the regulations governing it. The main protector of the nation within it is the Indonesian National Military, whose duties and authorities are stipulated in Law Number 34 of 2004. However, there are often individuals who misuse their authority for their satisfaction. This research aims to address the relationship between the abuse of power in the case of Defianus Kogoya in Papua and the application of Rules of Engagement. This research utilizes the normative juridical research method with data sources including primary legal materials, such as the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the National Defense Law, and legal materials from various relevant sources to support the analysis. The research findings indicate that, at the forefront of national defense, the Indonesian National Military must always be prepared to carry out its main role and function, which should be adjusted to threats and changes in political policies. Therefore, the Indonesian National Military need to be equipped with Rules of Engagement as limits in the use of force to remain controlled and not violate human rights, especially towards civilian populations not involved in the conflict.
Making of Grant Deeds by Land Deed Officials Based on Nominee Agreement in the Legal Certainty’s Perspective
Authors: Himma Azizahtul , Kusumawati Lanny
Published: November 2024

The prohibition on absentee or guntai land ownership in society has given rise to practices to circumvent regulations regarding absentee or guntai land ownership, one of the methods used when residents want to purchase land with absentee status is by using a Grant with a Nominee Agreement (nominee). The legal vacuum related to the Nominee Agreement on land ownership in Indonesia has given rise to many cases in the land sector, one of which is the Grant based on the Name Agreement. There are three approaches used in this study, namely: the statutory approach, used to examine the legal rules relating to the Grant Deed made based on the Nominee Agreement; the conceptual approach, used to answer problems regarding the Grant Deed made based on the Nominee Agreement; and the case approach, which is used to find legal certainty for the Grant Deed by Land Deed Officials based on the existence of a Nominee Agreement.
درجة توافر الكفايات الأخلاقية لدى طالبات التدريب الميداني بكلية التربية بجامعة أم القرى من وجهة نظر المعلمات والمديرات
Authors: باوزبر سلوى أبو بكر محمد , الهاشمي خديجة عمرو
Published: November 2024

هدف البحث إلى الكشف عن درجة توافر الكفايات الأخلاقية لدى طالبات التدريب الميداني بكلية التربية بجامعة أم القرى من وجهة نظر المعلمات والمديرات بمدارس مكة المكرمة، واستعان البحث بالمنهج الوصفي المسحي لعينة من معلمات ومديرات مؤسسات التطبيق الميداني، ممن أشرفن على تقييم أداء الطالبات المتدربات، استنادًا على أسلوب التحليل، واستخدمت الاستبانة أداةً لجمع المعلومات، التي قامت بإعدادها الباحثتان، تكونت من قائمة الكفايات الأخلاقية؛ بلغ عددها (58) كفاية موزعة على أربعة محاور رئيسية: شخصية، مهنية، بيئية، ورقمية، طبقت علي عينة مكونة من (60) معلمة ومديرة من مؤسسات التطبيق الميداني بمدارس مكة المكرمة، وتوصلت النتائج إلى موافقة أفراد العينة من المعلمات والمديرات على درجة توافر الكفايات الأخلاقية لدى طالبات التدريب الميداني بدرجة عالية في الكفايات الشخصية والمهنية، بينما جاءت بدرجة متوسطة في الكفايات الرقمية والبيئية، وتوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين استجابات مجتمع البحث حول درجة توافر الكفايات الأخلاقية لدى طالبات التدريب الميداني لصالح فئة المستوى الثاني، وجاءت التوصيات بتضمين الكفايات الأخلاقية في استمارات تقيم طالبات التدريب الميداني، والاستفادة من قائمة الكفايات الأخلاقية التي تم إعدادها في تحديث برامج إعداد المعلمات، وفي التخطيط لتدريب المعلمات أثناء الخدمة.
مدى توافر معايير جودة بيئة التعلُّم في مدارس الطفولة المبكِّرة بمدينة مكة المكرمة من وجهة نظر المعلمات
Authors: الربعي شادن علي أحمد , المطيري سارة هليل
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرُّف على مدى توافر معايير جودة بيئة التعلُّم في مدارس الطفولة المبكرة بمدينة مكة المكرمة من وجهة نظر المربيات، والكشف عن معوِّقات تطبيقها ومعالجتها، وتقديم المقترحات لتطبيقها، وكذلك الكشف عن الفروق بين متوسطات استجابات المربيات وفقًا لمتغيِّرات: التخصُّص، سنوات الخبرة، نوع المدرسة، ونوع المبنى المدرسي. اعتمدت الدراسة على الاستبانة أداةً، واستخدمت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وشملت العيِّنة 318 معلمة تم اختيارهن عشوائيًا. وأظهرت النتائج أن توافر معايير جودة بيئة التعلم ومعوقات تطبيقها جاء بدرجة متوسطة، ولم توجد فروق دالة إحصائيًا بين متوسطات استجابات العيِّنة وفقًا لمتغيِّرات الدراسة. تضمنت أهم المعوقات: تدنِّي التعاون والتنسيق بين المربيات والأُسر، عدم تناسب عدد المربيات مع أعداد الأطفال، وتصميم مباني المدرسة ومرافقها غير الملائم لمتطلَّبات الأمن والسلامة للأطفال.
انعكاسات الأخطار البيئية على التنمية المكانية في قاع جهران باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية
Authors: الضلعي فهد محمد محمد
Published: November 2024

يسعى هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن الأخطار البيئية في قاع جهران في الجمهورية اليمنية، ومعرفة أسبابها ونتائجها وتحديد مواطنها، وتشخيص أثر تلك الأخطار البيئية على مختلف قطاعات التنمية المكانية المستديمة في القاع. وتم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، لتحقيق ذلك، واشتمل على المقدمة، ومبحثين هي: الضغط على موارد البيئة الطبيعية، وانعكاسات الأخطار البيئية على عمليات التنمية المكانية في القاع، وتوصل إلى عدد من النتائج، أهمها: أن ثمة مخاطر حقيقية من المتوقع أن تشكل ضغوطا على الموارد الطبيعية المتاحة من تربة زراعية ومياه وكذا إنتاج الغذاء، مع غياب تنفيذ التشريعات التي تنظم استخدام الأراضي، الأمر الذي يؤثر على التنمية المكانية المستديمة في مختلف قطاعاتها في القاع.
الخلفاء العباسيون المكفوفون في كتاب نَكْتُ الهِمْيَانِ فِي نُكَتِ العِمْيَانِ للصفدي (ت 754ه/ 1363م)
Authors: اللحياني زكية عبد ربه
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الوقوف على أخبار ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة من المكفوفين من الخلفاء العباسيين الذين تناولهم صلاح الدين الصفدي في كتابه: "نكت الهميان في نكت العميان". وهم من ضمن شخصيات كثيرة تناولها المؤلف بدءًا من الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم ومرورًا بعلماء وشعراء وأدباء، من مختلف أقطار العالم الإسلامي مشرقه ومغربه، وفي مختلف العصور، معرفًا بها ومتناولًا لأهم الأدوار في حياتهم، وهو بذلك فتح الباب مبكرًا للدارسين في هذا الموضوع لإبراز هذه الفئة التي لم يقف العمى عائقًا أمامها، بل سعت لخدمة أمتها في كافة المجالات، أما عن الخلفاء -وهم من ستركز عليهم الدراسة- فقد تبين أن إصابتهم بالعمي كانت بعد خلعهم من الخلافة على يد البويهيين أو القواد الأتراك وهو بما لا يتعارض مع شروط الفقهاء للخلافة. وقد اتبعت الدراسةُ المنهجَ التاريخي الوصفي القائم على الاستقراء، والتتبع، والرصد، وتم تقسيمها إلى مقدمة وثلاثة مباحث ونتائج، المبحث الأول: التعريف بالمؤلف. المبحث الثاني: التعريف بالكتاب. المبحث الثالث: الخلفاء العباسيون المكفوفون. بغية الوصول إلى نتائج، منها: أهمية دراسة كتب التراث واستخراج ما فيها من معلومات وتسليط الضوء عليها. وقد كان للحضارة الإسلامية سبق الريادة في تسليط الضوء على ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وإبراز أعمالهم.