bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scientific Misconduct—Insights From the Work of an Ethics Committee
Authors: Glezerman Marek , Grossman Ehud
Published: October 2018

Scientific misconduct does not only relate to falsifying scientific data or plagiarism but may also include improper handling of authorship. A researcher may be cited as author of a manuscript without having contributed to the scientific work involved, another who has fulfilled the requirements of authorship is omitted or his/her name does not appear in the order, which would have been appropriate. All these may reflect various degrees of dishonesty and improper scientific conduct. There are even more severe cases, in which scientific research is sponsored, conducted, and sometimes even published by employees of vested parties who prefer their involvement not being disclosed, using proxy authors instead. This form of ghost authorship may sometimes amount to felony. As chair of the Ethics Committee (M.G.) and Dean (E.G.), both at the Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, we report on our insights related to authorship and present 2 representative cases.
Nuclear FOXO1 promotes lymphomagenesis in germinal center B cells
Authors: Kabrani Eleni , Chu Van Trung , Tasouri Evangelia , Sommermann Thomas , Baßler Kevin , Ulas Thomas , Zenz Thorsten , Bullinger Lars , Schultze Joachim L. , Rajewsky Klaus , Sander Sandrine
Published: October 2018

Forkhead box class O1 (FOXO1) acts as a tumor suppressor in solid tumors. The oncogenic phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway suppresses FOXO1 transcriptional activity by enforcing its nuclear exclusion upon AKT-mediated phosphorylation. We show here abundant nuclear expression of FOXO1 in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), a germinal center (GC) B-cell–derived lymphoma whose pathogenesis is linked to PI3K activation. Recurrent FOXO1 mutations, which prevent AKT targeting and lock the transcription factor in the nucleus, are used by BL to circumvent mutual exclusivity between PI3K and FOXO1 activation. Using genome editing in human and mouse lymphomas in which MYC and PI3K cooperate synergistically in tumor development, we demonstrate proproliferative and antiapoptotic activity of FOXO1 in BL and identify its nuclear localization as an oncogenic event in GC B-cell–derived lymphomagenesis.
The Concrete
Authors: Everett Parker
Published: October 2018

Two architects, Adolf Loos in 1908 and Walter Gropius in 1924, and the architecture critic Alexander Schwab in 1930 (under the pseudonym Albert Sigrist) all advocated for the austere aesthetics of modernist architecture. For Loos, ornamentation was a sign of regression and criminality; for Gropius, removing ornamentation was a matter of honesty and of creating an architectural aesthetics for the mechanized present. For Schwab, too, the removal of ornamentation was a question of honesty, but with the goal of direct proletarian architecture, that, while still capitalist in character, nonetheless pointed beyond capitalism. Despite their differences, all three offer versions of the same line of reasoning, an understanding about architectural space as a critique of those parts of society that appear to be constituted abstractly and a celebration of those parts of society that appear to be constituted concretely. The article explores this opposition between the abstract and the concrete in this architectural discourse and attempts to account for this dualism with reference to a theory of capitalism.
Truth and Enigma
Authors: Cachopo João Pedro
Published: October 2018

This article reappraises the relevance of Theodor W. Adorno’s aesthetics in the aftermath of the postmodern debate. It proposes a shift of focus from the concept of “semblance character” to the concept of “enigmatic character” in order to grasp what Adorno means by the “truth content” of artworks. This theoretical move is meant to shed new light on how Adorno sees the relationship between art and politics. The inclusion of Adorno in the tradition of the beautiful and his portrayal as a forerunner of Jean-François Lyotard’s aesthetics of the sublime are flawed. In other words, artworks would be true not because of what they make apparent or acknowledge as unpresentable but because their enigmatic complexion unleashes a crisis of comprehension that challenges our understanding of the world. A “maybe” emblematizes the enigma, whose imaginative appropriation remains truer to emancipation than any utopia or dystopia could ever become.
NGF reprograms metastatic melanoma to a bipotent glial-melanocyte neural crest-like precursor
Authors: Kasemeier-Kulesa Jennifer C. , Romine Morgan H. , Morrison Jason A. , Bailey Caleb M. , Welch Danny R. , Kulesa Paul M.
Published: October 2018

Melanoma pathogenesis from normal neural crest-derived melanocytes is often fatal due to aggressive cell invasion throughout the body. The identification of signals that reprogram de-differentiated, metastatic melanoma cells to a less aggressive and stable phenotype would provide a novel strategy to limit disease progression. In this study, we identify and test the function of developmental signals within the chick embryonic neural crest microenvironment to reprogram and sustain the transition of human metastatic melanoma to a neural crest cell-like phenotype. Results reveal that co-culture of the highly aggressive and metastatic human melanoma cell line C8161 upregulate a marker of melanosome formation (Mart-1) in the presence of embryonic day 3.5 chick trunk dorsal root ganglia. We identify nerve growth factor (NGF) as the signal within this tissue driving Mart-1 re-expression and show that NGF receptors trkA and p75 cooperate to induce Mart-1 re-expression. Furthermore, Mart-1 expressing C8161 cells acquire a gene signature of poorly aggressive C81-61 cells. These data suggest that targeting NGF signaling may yield a novel strategy to reprogram metastatic melanoma toward a benign cell type.
KnetMaps: a BioJS component to visualize biological knowledge networks
Authors: Singh Ajit , Rawlings Christopher J. , Hassani-Pak Keywan
Published: October 2018

KnetMaps is a BioJS component for the interactive visualization of biological knowledge networks. It is well suited for applications that need to visualise complementary, connected and content-rich data in a single view in order to help users to traverse pathways linking entities of interest, for example to go from genotype to phenotype. KnetMaps loads data in JSON format, visualizes the structure and content of knowledge networks using lightweight JavaScript libraries, and supports interactive touch gestures. KnetMaps uses effective visualization techniques to prevent information overload and to allow researchers to progressively build their knowledge.
EDUCAÇÃO PARA A VIOLÊNCIA: CINCO SÉCULOS DE PRÁTICAS COLONIAIS E O MITO DO BRASIL CORDIAL
Authors: Viana Chaves Hamilton , Nonato Maia Filho Osterne , Mendes Segundo Maria das Dores , Maia Luciana Maria
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O aumento da violência no Brasil tem sido significativo nos últimos trinta anos. Isto é verificado, sobretudo, quando analisados os dados relativos a crimes contra a vida. De certa forma, tal avanço se configura dentro de uma perspectiva educacional brasileira cujo “projeto político-pedagógico” avalizou tal realidade social. Do ponto de vista da formação humana, constata-se uma educação para a violência em cinco séculos de práticas de exploração e exclusão. O objetivo deste texto é apresentar uma análise da constituição de uma educação para a violência, no Brasil, a partir de duas categorias: a lógica da punição e o apelo às emoções e sua articulação com a infraestrutura econômica baseada em uma sociedade extremamente desigual, onde o ato cooperativo e solidário é objeto de ambiguidades. Estas, como formas recursivas de manipulação da conduta e que servem muito mais à agenda da constituição de uma sociedade violenta do que à formação de um país baseado no ato solidário. A resposta a este tipo de educação pode ser dada por aquela focada na formação inicial da vida, na perspectiva de uma educação ampla.Palavras-chave: Educação. Emoções. Punição. Violência.Abstract: The increase of violence in Brazil has been exceedingly significant in the last thirty years. This is especially true when we analyze the data of the crimes against life. In a way, this advance is configured within an educational perspective whose "political-pedagogical project" such social reality. From the point of view of human formation, there is an education for violence in Brazil from two categories: the logic of punishment and appeal to emotions and their articulation with the economic infrastructure based on an extremely unequal society, where the cooperative act and solidarity is the subject of ambiguities. These as recursive forms of conduct manipulation serve much more to the agenda of a violent society’s constitution than the formation of a country based on solidarity act. The answer to this type of education can be given by the one focused on the initial formation of life in the perspective of a broad education.Keywords: Education. Emotions. Punishment. Violence.
GESTÃO DA ESCOLA E OS RESULTADOS DO IDEB: APROPRIAÇÕES E USOS DE DADOS EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: De Farias Maria Adalgiza , Magalhães Junior Antonio Germano
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que enfoca as mudanças no cenário educacional brasileiro, iniciadas com a reformulação do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB), em 2005, e com a aferição da qualidade da educação pelo Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB), para o cumprimento do Plano de Metas Compromisso Todos pela Educação. O objetivo foi analisar como os dados IDEB foram apropriados e utilizados em escolas públicas municipais de Fortaleza, a partir da perspectiva da equipe de gestão, tendo em vista os desafios das escolas no tocante às metas de qualidade educacional. O estudo abrange três escolas que conseguiram evoluir continuamente as metas do IDEB, nas duas etapas do Ensino Fundamental (5º e 9º anos), nas edições de 2007 a 2013. Os atores foram os gestores da época. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas e análise documental. O estudo mostrou que os atores utilizavam, de fato, os resultados do sistema de avaliação próprio do Governo do Estado do Ceará e evidenciou a necessidade de que gestores e professores buscassem conhecer melhor os resultados de sua instituição nas avaliações externas para utilizá-los como insumos estratégicos no desenvolvimento de projetos educativos, considerando a possibilidade de melhoria das condições de aprendizagem no ambiente escolar.Palavras-chave: Política educacional. IDEB. Gestão da escola. Uso de dados educacionais.Abstract: This article is the result of a research that focuses on the changes in the Brazilian educational scenario, which started with the reformulation of the Basic Education Assessment System (SAEB) in 2005, and with the quality of education assessment by the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB), in order to fulfill the Plan of Goals Commitment All for Education. The objective was to analyze how the IDEB data were appropriated and used in municipal public schools of Fortaleza from the perspective of the management team, based on the challenges of the schools regarding the goals of educational quality. The study covers three schools that were able to continuously evolve the goals of the IDEB in the two stages of elementary school (5th and 9th years), in the editions from 2007 to 2013, and the actors were the managers of the time. The research was developed through interviews and documentary analysis. The study showed that the actors actually used the results of the evaluation system of the Government of the State of Ceará and pointed out the need for managers and teachers to better understand the results of their institution in the external evaluations to use them as inputs strategies in the development of educational projects, considering the possibility of improving the learning conditions in the school environment.Keywords: Educational politics. IDEB. School management. Use of educational data.
DO OLHAR AO FAZER CRIATIVO NO UNIVERSO DAS #INSTAFITNESS
Authors: Madureira Bruna
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar de que maneira o universo feminino se apropria da rede social, principalmente do Instagram, que funciona como um diário de tela para eliminar gordura. Para isso, traçou-se uma analogia entre os conceitos de Donald Winnicott, destacando a função do olhar do outro enquanto constitutivo da representação de si mesmo. Além disso, analisou-se, ainda, conceitos tais como a mãe suficientemente boa e o espaço potencial como metáforas para a experiência em rede proporcionada pela interação com as seguidoras virtuais que curtem, comentam e compartilham as imagens postadas nas redes sociais. Baseadas nas ideias winnicottianas e na observação acerca da comunicação entre as instafitness e suas seguidoras, concluiu-se que o olhar que se dirige para a autoimagem compartilhada é essencial no processo de perda de peso, sobretudo porque esse olhar virtual ganha uma dimensão extremamente positiva. Daí a criação do conceito de seguidoras suficientemente boas.Palavras-chave: Instafitness. Brincar. Espaço Potencial. Seguidoras suficientemente boas.Abstract: This article aims to analyze the way the female universe uses social media, especially Instagram, which functions as virtual screen journal of working towards thinness. For that we trace an analogy between Donald Winnicott’s concepts, highlighting the function of the followers' gaze as a constitutional representation of the self. We will also analyze the concepts "good enough mother" and "potential space" as metaphors for how the network experience comes from interacting with virtual followers who like, comment and share the images posted in social networks. Based on the Winnicottian ideas and observations of communications between the instafitness users and their followers, we come to the conclusion that the gaze upon one’s shared image is essential in the process of weight loss, especially because this virtual gaze becomes extremely positive. Hence the creation of the concept of good enough followers.Keywords: Instafitness. Playing. Potential Space. Good enough followers.
DEPENDÊNCIA DA INTERNET: SINAL DE SOLIDÃO E INADEQUAÇÃO SOCIAL?
Authors: Manno Maria Vittoria Maffei , Rosa Carlos Mendes
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva caracterizar prováveis motivos e apontar algumas consequências da utilização exagerada da internet como veículo de agenciamento das subjetividades na atual cultura. Procura mostrar como as relações interpessoais e as formas de interagir se modificaram com o advento das tecnologias digitais, transformando de forma significativa a expressão das individualidades; como um sentimento de inadequação social pode facilmente levar à procura de uma forma de socialização mais fácil, através do espaço virtual, arcando, porém, com o risco de tornar o sujeito dependente das redes sociais. Reflete acerca da motivação que leva à superexposição dos sujeitos no cenário contemporâneo e as mudanças que tais comportamentos ocasionam nos relacionamentos sociais e afetivos.Palavras-chave: Internet. Solidão. Relacionamento. Psicanálise.Abstract: This article aims to characterize likely reasons and point out some consequences of excessive use of the internet as a vehicle for brokering of subjectivities in the current culture. It seeks to show how the interpersonal relations and ways to interact have changed with the advent of digital technologies, alteringconsiderably the expression of individuality; as a feeling of social inadequacy can easily lead to the search for a form of socializing easier, through the virtual space, bearing, however, with the risk of becoming dependent on the social networks. It reflects about the motivation that leads to the overexposure of the subjects in the contemporary setting and the modifications that these behaviors cause in social and affective relationships.Keywords: Internet. Loneliness. Relationship. Psychoanalysis.
Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction aids epithelialisation and angiogenesis in an animal model
Authors: Karagergou Eleni , Dionyssopoulos Alexandros , Karayannopoulou Maria , Psalla Dimitra , Theodoridis Alexandros , Demiri Efterpi , Koliakos Georgios
Published: October 2018

Objective:

Limited data exist regarding the correlation between adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct effect of intradermally injected SVF on full-thickness cutaneous wounds in a murine model.

Method:

Wistar rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) according to their day of euthanasia (day 7, 16 and 21). Inguinal fat pad was excised and SVF enzymatically extracted. Full-thickness cutaneous wounds were created on each side of the dorsum; SVF injected intradermally at one side while the contralateral wound served as control receiving normal saline. Postoperatively, evaluation of wound healing was performed by planimetry (percentages of wound contraction, epithelialisation and total wound healing) on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 21, and histology and immunochemistry (cellular infiltration score, collagen production score, neoangiogenesis and epithelial thickness) on days 7, 16 and 21.

Results:

Despite the high rate of wound contraction, it was significantly lower in the SVF-treated wounds on day 21 (p=0.037). On days 13, 16 and 21, the percentages of epithelialisation were higher in the SVF-treated wounds compared with control wounds (p=0.026, p=0.048 and p=0.05, respectively). Histologically, the number of new vessels was significantly higher in the SVF-treated wounds compared with controls on days seven (p=0.028) and 16 (p=0.027). This was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry. No significant differences were found between treated and control wounds regarding cellular infiltration score, collagen production score and epithelial thickness.

Conclusion:

Data indicate that intradermally injected SVF increases angiogenesis and enhances epithelialisation in full-thickness cutaneous wounds in rats.
Effect of a surfactant-based gel on patient quality of life
Authors: Woo Kevin , Hill Rosemary , LeBlanc Kimberly , Percival Steven L. , Schultz Gregory , Weir Dot , Swanson Terry , Mayer Dieter O.
Published: October 2018

The characteristic clinical signs of chronic wounds, which remain in a state of prolonged inflammation, include increased production of devitalised tissue and exudate, pain and malodour. The presence of necrotic tissue, slough and copious exudate encourages microbial proliferation, potentially resulting in planktonic and/or biofilm infection. For patients, the consequences can include leakage of exudate, pain and reduced mobility, which can impair their ability to socialise and perform activities of daily living. This can severely reduce their quality of life and wellbeing. Concentrated surfactant-based gels (Plurogel and Plurogel SSD) are used in wound cleansing to help manage devitalised tissue. In vitro studies indicate they can sequester planktonic microbes and biofilm from the wound bed, although there is, limited clinical evidence to support this. A group of health professionals who have used this concentrated surfactant gel, in combination with standard care, in their clinical practice for several years recently met at a closed panel session. Here, they present case studies where topical application of these gels resulted in positive clinical outcomes in previously long-standing recalcitrant wounds. In all cases, the reduction in inflammation and bioburden alleviated symptoms that previously severely impaired health-related quality of life and wellbeing.
Fluid management in children
Authors: Khan Farrah
Published: October 2018

A broad understanding of the principles of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is essential for ensuring safe and effective prescribing of fluids. Inappropriate prescribing can lead to unnecessarily prolonged hospital stays and, in extreme cases, can lead to morbidity and mortality. Generally, infants have a much higher surface area to body mass ratio than older children and adults. This combined with the fact that they have a relatively higher proportion of extracellular water, means that they are more likely to become dehydrated. Hence stopping fluid intake for more than short periods of time will affect the body's ability to maintain fluid homeostasis. In such patients, drinking water may not be sufficient to replace deficits within a safe time frame, and intravenous (IV) fluid administration may become essential to correct acute losses.

Intravenous fluid therapy can be divided into two categories depending on the aim of treatment: to correct existing fluid deficits (fluid replacement/resuscitation) or to replace normal losses (routine maintenance). Most indications for IV fluid replacement are the same for children as for adults. The amount of IV fluid required by a child will depend on the current level of dehydration, the indication and any comorbidity. Another important factor is age; neonates require relatively more fluid intake than infants or older children.
Room to experiment
Authors: Bergin Joelle
Published: October 2018

A pre-school asks how it can support one of its young children who has just been diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy. SENCO Joelle Bergin suggests providing soft spaces in which to experiment with movement.
‘Can do’ attitude
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: October 2018

It's time to make the most of your little helpers. While children will enjoy getting involved with every day chores, it's also a good opportunity to practise prepositional and mathematical language.
Diversity and abundance of polyisoprenoid composition in coastal plant species from North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: BASYUNI MOHAMMAD , WATI RIDHA , SAGAMI HIROSHI , SUMARDI SUMARDI , BABA SHIGEYUKI , OKU HIROSUKE
Published: October 2018

Basyuni M, Wati R, Sagami H, Sumardi, Baba S, Oku H. 2018. Diversity and abundance of polyisoprenoid composition in plant species from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1-11. The distribution and abundance of polyprenols (pol) and dolichols (dol) in the leaves and roots of fourteen coastal plants from North Sumatra, Indonesia were analysed using two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. In the leaves, with respect to the distribution of pol and dol were detected and categorized into three-types. In type-I, the predominance of dol over pol, was observed in Barringtonia asiatica, Calophyllum inophyllum, Pandanus odoratissimus, and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis. In type-II, the presence of both pol and dol, was observed in Casuarina equisetifolia, Melastoma candidum, Morinda citrifolia, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Sesuvium portulacastrum and Terminalia catappa. In type-III, the predominance of pol over dol, was observed in Acacia auriculiformis, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Ricinus communis, and Pongamia pinnata. However, in the roots, a type-I distribution was observed in eleven species, while three species, A. auriculiformis, M. candidum, and M. citrifolia, corresponded to a type-II distribution instead of type-III. The diversity of polyisoprenoid composition in the leaves was noted, whereas 79% of root tissues indicated that dol occur more abundantly than pol. The range of the contents of polysioprenoid was 12-300 mg/g dw. The present study indicated that pol and dol could be useful in the classification of mangroves and other coastal forests and in phylogenetic studies. The diversity and presence of polyisoprenoids in coastal plants suggested that plant polyisoprenoids are chemotaxonomically important.
Mutations causing hemophilia B in Algeria: Identification of two novel mutations of the factor 9 gene
Authors: ABLA ZIDANI , MOULOUD YAHIA , HEJER EL MAHMOUDI , EMNA GOUIDER , MERIEM ABDI , YAMINA OUARHLENT , NAOUEL SALHI
Published: October 2018

Abla Z, Mouloud Y, Hejer El, Emna G, Abdi Meriem A, Ouarhlent Yamina O, Naouel S. 2018. Mutations causing hemophilia B in Algeria: Identification of two novel mutations of the factor 9 gene. Biodiversitas 19: 52-58. Hemophilia B (HB) (also known as Christmas disease; Christmas is the family name of the first patient.) is an X linked recessive hemorrhagic disorder caused by mutations in factor 9 (F9: is used for the gene) gene that leads to deficient or defective coagulation factor IX (FIX: is used for the protein). The variable phenotype of HB results from wide range of mutations affecting the F9 gene. Our study was aimed at molecular analysis of HB to identify the causative mutation in known patients with HB in a part of Algeria. For genotyping, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing have been applied to all the essential regions of the F9 gene from 39 Algerian HB patients belonging to 13 unrelated families. We identified 10 different mutations. The identified mutations included 1 duplication and 9 substitutions. In total 9 point mutations were identified, of which 5 are located in exon 8, the hotspot region in the F9 gene. Among the 10 mutations, 2 are novel and not deposited in database sites nor described in recently published articles. The results of this study emphasize the heterogeneity of HB. In summary, our preliminary results will be used to build an Algerian mutation database which would facilitate genetic counseling.
Population dynamics and CPUE of Alosa genus with emphasis on Alosa braschnikovi (Borodin, 1904) on the coasts of Golestan Province, Iran
Authors: BIBAK ZOBEYDE , PAIGHAMBARI SEYYED YOUSEF , POULADI MOJTABA , GHORBANI RASOUL , HOSSEINI SEYYED ABBAS , YAHYAEI MOHSEN
Published: October 2018

Bibak Z, Paighambari SY, Pouladi M, Ghorbani R, Hosseini SA, Yahyaei M. 2018. Population dynamics and CPUE of Alosa genus with emphasis on Alosa braschnikovi (Borodin, 1904) on the coasts of Golestan Province, Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 59-66. The aim of this study was to compare relative abundance and catch per unit effort of members of the Alosa genus (family: Clupeidae) in the fishing grounds of Gomishan and Miankale in Golestan coasts. Sampling operations were done by beach seine during 2011 to 2012. A total of 240 fish were collected. Identified species in Gomishan were: Alosa braschnikovi (Borodin, 1904) and A. saposchnikovi (Grimm, 1887). The most abundant species in this region were individuals of A. braschnikovi. The highest length and weight in the region were 35.6±1.85 mm and 447.8±57.43 gr for Alosa braschnikovi in Gomishan. Besides the two mentioned species, A. kessleri (Grimm, 1887) was caught in Miankale coasts. The most abundant species again was Alosa braschnikovi in this region. The highest length and weight were 33.12±3.18 cm and 362.5±99.57 gr for Alosa braschnikovi in Miankale region. The results showed that mean of CPUE in Miankale was higher than in the Gomishan region. The comparison of sex ratio for shads showed that males were dominant against females. Also, the comparison between species showed that the highest values for length, and weight of fish species compared belonged to Alosa braschnikovi. Among the Alosa braschnikovi fishes caught, individuals were in the range of 2 to 5 age groups within the two compared regions and most abundant were observed in 4 age groups.
The fish diversity of mangrove waters in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: WAHYUDEWANTORO GEMA
Published: October 2018

Wahyudewantoro G. 2018. The fish diversity of mangrove waters in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 71-76. Lombok Island’s waters are the main gateway of the mass water flow from the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Therefore, it is suspected the fish species that inhabit them is very diverse. The aim of the research was to reveal the diversity of mangrove fish species, with a case study in West Lombok and Central Lombok. Fishes were caught using cast net with mesh sizes of 1.5 cm and 2.5 cm, gill net with mesh sizes of ¾ inch, 1.5 inch and 2 inches. This research found 38 species belonging to 28 genera and 20 families. Oryzias javanicus and Periopthalmus argentilineatus were distributed at all research stations.Species diversity index (H) of fish was in the range of 2.618 to 3.072, evenness index (E) 0.803 to 0.950 and species richness index (d) from 4.328 to 6.206. Based on the similarity of fish species that exist in each station, the species of fish in station IV were different from those of other stations.
Short Communication: New records of Graphis (Graphidaceae, Ascomycota) in Bali Island, Indonesia
Authors: HARDINI JUNITA , KASIAMDARI RINA SRI , SANTOSA SANTOSA , PURNOMO PURNOMO
Published: October 2018

Hardini J, Kasiamdari RS, Santosa, Purnomo. 2018. Short Communication: New records of Graphis (Graphidaceae, Ascomycota) in Bali Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 112-118. Graphis is a genus of the lichen family Graphidaceae, which is found living attached to Plumeria spp. trees as its substrate. The purpose of this study was to determine the species diversity of Graphis in Bali Island, Indonesia. This study was conducted between July 2014 and December 2014, at three locations, namely Denpasar City, Klungkung district, and Tabanan district, at the altitudes of 35 m, 69 m and 1269 m asl. respectively. Seven species were found as new records namely Graphis modesta, Graphis immersicans, Graphis palmicola, Graphis nana, Graphis dupaxana, Graphis maritima and Graphis subradiata.
Kusmana C, Hidayat T, Istomo, Rusdiana O. 2018. Growth performance of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza derived from cut-propagule seedling. Biodiversitas 19: 208-214. The availability and existence of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza seed sources is getting decreased. This cau
Authors: KUSMANA CECEP , HIDAYAT TOPIK , ISTOMO ISTOMO , RUSDIANA OMO
Published: October 2018

Kusmana C, Hidayat T, Istomo, Rusdiana O. 2018. Growth performance of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza derived from cut-propagule seedling. Biodiversitas 19: 208-214. The availability and existence of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza seed sources is getting decreased. This causes the generative reproduction of this plant is limited. The present research was carried out to study the growth performance of B. gymnorrhiza derived from vegetative cut-propagule seedling by employing different type of cut-propagule, the provision of root promoting hormones, and the provision of NPK fertilizer. The research was conducted at the Greenhouse for 6 months using a completely randomized design (CRD) 3x3x2 factorial with five replications. The results showed that B. gymnorrhiza could be propagated by cut-propagule. Seedlings growth which derived from complete propagule apparently had a better performance than those derived from cut-propagule. Roots derived from complete propagule and the bottom part of cut-propagule grow faster than the top part of cut-propagule. Two types of shoot such as shoot existing before planting which was derived from complete propagule and top part of cut-propagule; and shoots existing after planting called as adventitious shoot derived from the bottom part of cut-propagule has been formed. Unfortunately, new complete shoots derived from the bottom part of cut-propagule was not formed. Furthermore, there was no significant effect of root promoting hormone and NPK fertilizer induction on the shoot and root growth of B. gymnorrhiza.
Diversity and habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forest of Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: BASYUNI MOHAMMAD , GULTOM KRISTIAN , FITRI ANNISA , SUSETYA IPANNA ENGGAR , WATI RIDHA , SLAMET BEJO , SULISTIYONO NURDIN , YUSRIANI ERA , BALKE THORSTEN , BUNTING PETE
Published: October 2018

Basyuni M, Gultom K, Fitri A, Susetya EA, Wati R, Slamet B, Sulistiyono N, Yusriani E, Balke T, Bunting P. 2018. Diversity and habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forest of Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 311-317. Mangrove plays an important role in coastal ecosystems including ecological, social, and economic aspects. This study aimed to determine the diversity of macrozoobenthos and water quality based on diversity index (H’), similarity Index (E), and dominance index (D) in the mangrove of Lubuk Kertang Village North Sumatra, Indonesia. The samples of macrozoobenthos (biological parameter) and water quality (physical and chemical parameters) were collected from fifteen plots in three different stations. Macrozoobenthos were collected in 1 m × 1 m transect in the mangrove forest. The biota was taken by using a shovel, inserted into a plastic bag, and identified. Results showed that eight species of macrozoobenthos were found and classified into three classes of Gastropod, Bivalvia, and Malacostraca. The highest diversity index (H′) of macrozoobenthos was found at Station II (2.39), the highest evenness index (E) was located at Station I (0.54), and the highest dominance index (D) was found at Station II (0.34). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos. PCA confirmed that station III was a habitat with suitable characteristics for the life of macrozoobenthos indicating the negative axis. The present study suggested four parameters namely salinity, clay temperature, and dissolved oxygen that should be preserved to support the survival of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forests.
Short Communication: IgE production-suppressing effect of asam kandis (dried Garcinia xantochymus) extracts by mouse hybridoma aDNP-Hy Cells
Authors: SUPARDI NADYA , SUMARPO ANTON , SUTEJO RICHARD , PUTRA AGUS BUDIAWAN NARO , KAGEYAMA NAOKI , KAWANO MIHO , SUGAHARA TAKUYA
Published: October 2018

Supardi N, Sumarpo A, Sutejo R, Putra ABN, Kageyama N, Kawano M, Sugahara T. 2018. Short Communication: IgE production-suppressing effect of asam kandis (dried Garcinia xantochymus) extracts by mouse hybridoma aDNP-Hy Cells. Biodiversitas 19: 330-335. Asam kandis (dried Garcinia xanthocymus Hook.f.ex.T.Anderson) is popularly used as a spice in many Indonesian cuisines. Although Garcinia xanthocymus has been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, its immunologic functions have been poorly studied. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine immunoglobulin E (IgE) production-suppressing effect of Asam Kandis extract (AKE) using mouse hybridoma aDNP-Hy cells. AKE was prepared through 24 hours maceration in distilled water. IgE production-suppressing activity of AKE by aDNP-Hy cells was examined in time-wise manner. Cell viability and IgE mRNA expression were assessed using trypan blue assay and qRT-PCR, respectively. IgE production-suppressing activity of heat-treated (100°C) AKE was also examined. As a result, AKE significantly reduced IgE production by aDNP-Hy cells in a concentration-dependent manner both in 24 and 36 h incubation periods. Furthermore, AKE exhibited its IgE production-suppressing activity without any cytotoxicity and also significantly decreased IgE mRNA expression. Heat-treated AKE showed no IgE production-suppressing activity, indicating that the bioactive substances are heat labile. More interestingly, heat-treated AKE showed cytotoxic effect by aDNP-Hy cells. We showed that AKE exhibits IgE production-suppressing effect by aDNP-Hy cells. Further studies are necessary to discover underlying bioactive compounds of asam kandis and substance that responsible for the cytotoxic effect of heat-treated AKE.
Honey from Stingless Bee as Indicator of Contamination with Metals
Authors: Nascimento Andreia Santos do , Chambó Emerson Dechechi , Oliveira Daiane De Jesus , Andrade Brunelle Ramos , Bonsucesso Josemario Santana , Lopes de Carvalho Carlos Alfredo
Published: October 2018

Melipona scutellaris (Apidae, Meliponini) is one of the main species of stingless bees used in beekeeping in the Northeast of Brazil. We examined the honey from M. scutellaris as an indicator to evaluate the levels of metals at sampling sites subject to a broad spectrum of environmental pollutants. The collections were carried out in the urban-industrial area of Salvador, Bahia and the metropolitan region. Samples (n= 58) were submitted to the nitroperchloric digestion procedure. We used the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry technique (ICP OES) to determine the concentration of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the samples. The studied metals were detected among the samples, which presented tolerable levels according to current Brazilian legislation and recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO), except for Cr, which presented mean values higher than the threshold for all sampling sites. The detection of the analyzed metals indicates that the honey of M. scutellaris is a useful tool to evaluate the presence of environmental contaminants; therefore, it can be considered a good indicator of environmental contamination for monitoring a particular region and preventing issues due to the release of metals into the environment.
Influence of Wild Bee Diversity on Canola Crop Yields
Authors: Halinski Rosana , Dos Santos Charles Fernando , Kaehler Tatiana Guterres , Blochtein Betina
Published: October 2018

The foraging range of bees determines the spatial scale over which each species can provide pollination services. In agricultural ecosystems, productivity is related not only to the taxonomic diversity of bees per se, but also to the location of their nesting sites, which reflects on their flying range. Within this context, the present study sought to assess how wild bee assemblages affect the yield of Brassica napus at three different distances (25 m, 175 m, 325 m) from forest remnants in Southern Brazil. Bees were sampled by means of pan traps and findings were analyzed using the Shannon diversity index and generalized linear models. We identified 11 species of native bees, both solitary and social, as well as the exotic species Apis mellifera, which was most abundant. Our findings show that canola crop yield were positively influenced by the diversity of bee species. This demonstrates that native bees, not only A. mellifera, can contribute significantly to the productivity of canola crops. In addition, we found that bee body size is significantly associated with flight distance traveled within the canola fields, and demonstrated a relationship with nesting sites. Thus, we hypothesize that canola yields are associated with the presence of wild bee species, both social and solitary, and that maintenance of these pollinators is directly dependent on practices adopted in rural areas, whether within plantation fields per se or in forest remnants used as nesting sites by wild bees.
Primitively Eusocial Behavior Observed in Colonies of Augochlora amphitrite (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Reared in Laboratory
Authors: Dalmazzo Milagros , Roig-Alsina Arturo
Published: October 2018

The present study provides evidence of primitively eusocial behavior in Augochlora amphitrite (Schrottky). Bees were reared in laboratory nests and observed throughout their nesting cycle. Introduced foundresses constructed nests solitarily, but upon the emergence of the first daughter their activities changed drastically, marking the onset of a social phase. The colonies presented two well defined female castes according to their physiology, size and behavior. Foundresses monopolized oviposition, displayed low rates of nest construction, guarding, and pollen collection, they were the individuals that initiated social interactions, and were statistically larger. Daughter bees were smaller, with undeveloped ovaries, performed most tasks at the nest and were the subordinate individuals in social interactions.
Plasticity of stingless bee Melipona fuliginosa Lepeletier to obtain food resources in Amazonia
Authors: Costa Luciano , Galaschi-Teixeira Juliana Stephanie , Maia Ulysses Madureira , Imperatriz-Fonseca Vera Lucia
Published: October 2018

The stingless bee Melipona fuliginosa Lepeletier is described as being aggressive robber, but there is little information about its raids. Here, we describe two different raids of M. fuliginosa on other Melipona species: Melipona paraensis Ducke and Melipona fasciculata Smith. The robbing behavior was observed in the Volta Grande do Xingu region (Pará) and Carajás National Forest (Pará), and the attacks by M. fuliginosa occurred at the end of the dry season, shortly before the start of the rainy season, a time of flower scarcity. The raid on M. paraensis hive lasted five days and involved no deaths of worker bees of both species; the robbers collected honey and wax. During the pillaging, M. fuliginosa workers dedicated themselves exclusively to this task; their flight activity peaked between 8:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m. but lasted until 6:00 p.m, which is atypical for the species. The raid on M. fasciculata differed from the other event because it led to the extermination of all forager workers of fi ve colonies, however, the brood combs as well as the callow workers were preserved; the robbers collected honey and wax. M. fuliginosa attack defensive and non-defensive colonies, the events can cause severe damage and may lead to death of the victim colony in natural conditions. Flight activity varies from foraging on fl owers during dawn to all day long robbing, showing considerable plasticity to obtain food resources. Robbing behavior could be associated to fl ower scarcity and artificial feeding.
Wspólnota wartości w Unii Europejskiej z perspektywy art. 90 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP
Authors: Wójtowicz Krzysztof
Published: October 2018

Akcesja do Unii Europejskiej dokonana na podstawie art. 90 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP była w sferze wartości zgodna z celem tego przepisu i spełniała warunki jego zastosowania. Także później, w okresie członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej, polska praktyka ustrojowa nie odbiegała od unijnych standardów aksjologicznych. Sposób rozumienia demokratycznego państwa prawnego, o którym mowa w art. 2 Konstytucji, był bowiem spójny z treścią wartości wspólnych państwom członkowskim, stanowiących zgodnie z art. 2 TUE ustrojową podstawę Unii. Istotą systemu tych wspólnych wartości jest to, by realizowanie przez organy władzy publicznej woli obywateli wyrażonej w wolnych wyborach następowało z poszanowaniem zasad państwa prawnego, na które składają się przede wszystkim: podział władzy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem niezależności sądów i niezawisłości sędziów, pluralizm polityczny, ochrona praw jednostki, respektowanie praw mniejszości. Nieprzestrzeganie wartości, o których mowa w art. 2 Konstytucji oraz w art. 2 TUE, podważyłoby cel i treść art. 90 ust. 1 Konstytucji, a w świetle wiążącego RP prawa unijnego – mogłoby narazić Polskę na objęcie jej mechanizmem kontroli przewidzianym w art. 7 TUE.
Sędziowie i granice władzy demokratycznej w świetle Konstytucji RP
Authors: Piotrowski Ryszard
Published: October 2018

Istotą władzy demokratycznej ustanowionej w Konstytucji RP jest ograniczenie tej władzy po to, by chronić prawa jednostki przed zagrożeniami, jakie może stworzyć panowanie większości, zwłaszcza wtedy, kiedy dąży ona do narzucenia innym swoich wartości i przekonań. Ograniczenie to wyraża zarówno zasada podziału i równoważenia władz, jak i zasada demokratycznego państwa prawnego, a przede wszystkim zasada przyrodzonej i niezbywalnej godności człowieka. W świetle postanowień Konstytucji zwierzchnictwo Narodu jako wartość konstytucyjna nie ma absolutnego charakteru, zwłaszcza wobec zakotwiczonego w pojęciu godności szczególnego statusu praw człowieka. Obowiązująca ustawa zasadnicza, przyznając zwierzchnią władzę Narodowi, wymaga uznania za ustrojową przesłanką owego zwierzchnictwa sprawowanie go na zasadach i w formach określonych w Konstytucji. Oznacza to w szczególności konstytucyjną legitymację władzy sądowniczej do ograniczania – ze względu na postanowienia Konstytucji jako najwyższego prawa – pozostałych władz, jak też suwerena sprawującego swą władzę bezpośrednio. Istnienie niezależnego i niezawisłego sądownictwa prowadzi z jednej strony do odrzucenia w koncepcji demokracji założenia o nieograniczonym zakresie woli suwerena jako podmiotu władztwa państwowego, z drugiej zaś – do uznania za wyznacznik demokracji tych tylko przejawów woli większości, które mają legitymację konstytucyjną, a zatem zgodne są z wersją kultury praw człowieka zapisaną w ustawie zasadniczej i w czasie orzekania znajdującą akceptację sędziów.
Polska Konstytucja z 1997 roku jako element europejskiego dziedzictwa konstytucyjnego
Authors: Suchocka Hanna
Published: October 2018

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie poszukiwań aksjologicznych w okresie prac na konstytucją polską w początkach transformacji. Jedną z zasadniczych dyskusji na początkowym etapie prac nad konstytucją była dyskusja przybierająca niejednokrotnie formę sporu o wartości, a jednym z jej elementów były problemy dotyczące zależności ius i lex. W tym kontekście poszukiwano i odwoływano się do europejskiego dziedzictwa prawnego, do takich pojęć, jak tożsamość europejska, wspólne europejskie dziedzictwo prawne. Głównym zatem wyzwaniem dla wszystkich państw postsocjalistycznych stała się potrzeba „odkodowania”, przybliżania pojęcia „wspólne dziedzictwo prawne”, co stało się swoistym mitem założycielskim w nowych demokracjach Europy Środkowej. W tym kontekście niezwykle ważną rolę odgrywała Komisja Wenecka (utworzona w 1990 r.), która pomagała państwom odkrywać to, co wyrastając ze wspólnej europejskiej tradycji prawnej, stawało się europejskim standardem, a więc wzorcem dla podejmowanych konkretnych rozwiązań prawnych. W sferze zatem kategorii ogólnej tzw. standard europejski postrzegany był jako wartość centralna, a odwoływanie się do niego było ważnym weryfikatorem w procesie dokonywania zmian w wewnętrznym systemie prawnym, a zwłaszcza w procesie zmian konstytucji, zwłaszcza w takich kwestiach, jak zasada państwa prawnego, podział władz, niezależność sądownictwa czy sądowa kontrola konstytucyjności prawa. Pomimo sporów dotyczących konkretnych regulacji ustrojowych istniała zgoda co do tego, że zasady odwołujące się do „aksjologii” poprzedniego systemy nie mogły pretendować do bycia elementem europejskiego dziedzictwa prawnego i tym samym nie mogły stanowić podstawy dla tworzenia nowej konstytucji polskiej.
Karnoprawna odpowiedzialność sprawców przestępstw przeciwko dobrom kulturalnym popełnionych w okresie konfliktu zbrojnego jako element międzynarodowej ochrony światowego dziedzictwa kulturalnego
Authors: Gerecka-Żołyńska Anna
Published: October 2018

W artykule przedstawiono dwa dokumenty międzynarodowe powstałe w ostatniej dekadzie XX w., a których przyjęcie miało przyczynić się m.in. do zagwarantowania skuteczniejszej ochrony dóbr kulturalnych w okresie konfliktów zbrojnych. Wzrost skuteczności połączono przede wszystkim z kwestią wyodrębnienia indywidualnej odpowiedzialności karnej sprawców przestępstw przeciwko wskazanym dobrom, w obrębie jurysdykcji krajowych i jurysdykcji międzynarodowej. Omówiono zatem w odpowiednim zakresie postanowienia Drugiego protokołu do Konwencji o ochronie dóbr kulturalnych w okresie konfliktu zbrojnego oraz Statutu Międzynarodowego Trybunału Karnego. Zwrócono uwagę na podobieństwa i różnice w zakresie, w jakim wskazane dokumenty pozwalają wyeliminować istniejące dotychczas luki prawne oraz w jakim utrzymują nadal niesatysfakcjonujący społeczność międzynarodową poziom ochrony dóbr kulturalnych w okresie konfliktu zbrojnego.