bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violence and Hyperbole
Authors: Naas Michael
Published: September 2017

The aim of this essay is to understand the underlying motivation behind Derrida’s initial objections to Foucault in his 1963 “Cogito and the History of Madness” and the way these objections anticipate so much of Derrida’s subsequent work. Beyond a disagreement over how to read a crucial moment in Descartes’ Meditations regarding the Cogito’s relation to madness, the “Cogito” essay provides a full-fledged theory of the relationship between history, language, and reason, on the one hand, and madness, silence, and death, on the other. Only through understanding this configuration is it possible to understand why Derrida would call Foucault’s The History of Madness not just a mistaken or misguided text but a “totalitarian” one. After outlining the reasons for Derrida’s strident critique of Foucault’s work on the basis of this underlying opposition between history and madness or reason and silence, Naas demonstrate how this same configuration is at work in early texts such as “Violence and Metaphysics,” right up through Derrida’s final seminars on The Beast and the Sovereign and, especially, The Death Penalty. Naas concludes by pointing out that while Derrida’s theoretical questions were always very different than Foucault’s, both thinkers ended up, curiously, on the same side in their critique of today’s carceral system and its forms of punishment. Only by taking into account both the similarities and the differences between Derrida and Foucault, in both their political positions and their philosophical texts, can we today really “do justice” to the history of their infamous debate.
Must Philosophy Be Obligatory?
Authors: Koopman Colin
Published: September 2017

Michel Foucault's first reply to Jacques Derrida's 1964 critique of the first edition of the former's 1961 book on madness was published in a somewhat obscure Japanese journal in 1972, and later formed the basis for Foucault's more widely-circulated reply in “My Body, This Paper, This Fire” which was included as an appendix to the 1972 edition of the book. The more obscure first reply offers a version of the fierce textual demonstrations with which Foucault sought to rebuke Derrida in the more official reply published as an appendix. But the first reply begins with a methodological preliminary that did not make its way as such into the more widely-read reply. Foucault's reply at a methodological level focuses not so much on the lack of correctness of Derrida's interpretation of Descartes as on the lack of specificity of Derrida's classically philosophical argument against Foucault. In short, Foucault replies with historical specificity to Derrida's philosophical generality, or at least situates the debate on that level. What is at stake methodologically, not only for Foucault and Derrida but also for us today, in the difference between a philosophy that is resolutely historical and a philosophy that is not? Foucault's reply to Derrida invites us to this question, and in so doing invites a patient reconsideration of Foucault's own (not always self-conscious) methodological intervention.
“The Common Root of Meaning and Nonmeaning”
Authors: Khurana Thomas
Published: September 2017

Khurana distinguish different ways in which Derrida’s deconstruction can be understood as an attempt at transforming the transcendental question. Derrida’s essay “Cogito and the History of Madness” might lead us to the assumption that Derrida’s primary interest lies in a move of radicalization: in identifying conditions that are even more fundamental or basic than the conditions of the acts of our theoretical and practical cognition that transcendental philosophy has highlighted. He suggests, however, that instead of a mere radicalization, Derrida’s decisive move in the transformation of the transcendental question resides rather in complicating the way we understand these conditions of possibility: (i) in an attempt to reveal conditions of the possibility of a certain type of act as being simultaneously the conditions of the impossibility of the purity of this act (a project that is sometimes termed “quasi-transcendental”); and (ii) an attempt to complicate the distinction between empirical and transcendental conditions (an investigation that is sometimes called “ultra-transcendental”).
A Petty Pedagogy?
Authors: Haddad Samir
Published: September 2017

Haddad examines the work done by pedagogy in the Foucault-Derrida debate, and argue that it reflects and reinforces the differences between the two thinkers' understandings of philosophy and its teaching. Haddad begins with Derrida's Cogito essay, analyzing two key moments in which pedagogy appears. In the first, the famous introduction where Derrida reflects on having been a student of Foucault, a traditional conception of the teacher-student relation is advanced. This conception remains at work in the essay's second pedagogic moment, when Derrida reads Descartes' first Meditation as addressed to a naïve non-philosopher being inducted into the discipline. However, this relation is simultaneously called into question by the rest of Derrida's reading, since, even as he elevates the status of philosophy, he ends up implying that it resists being taught. This reflects, Haddad argues, Derrida's own ambiguous relation to philosophy as an academic discipline.
“This Death Which Is Not One”
Authors: Deutscher Penelope
Published: September 2017

In his recently published seminars, Derrida makes a number of comments about Foucauldian epistemes, ruptures, thresholds, blood, sex and biopolitics which suggest that he was always running late for Foucault. Despite being ideally suited to do so, Derrida failed to press Foucault on ghostly sovereignty or sexual difference. In ascribing to Foucault the view that sovereignty was replaced in importance by biopower, Derrida attributed to Foucault a taste for linearity thereby reducing his work to its least interesting reading. As a means of locating Foucault’s challenges to thresholds and linearities, Deutscher revisits the families of the History of Sexuality vol 1 and Foucault’s Collège de France lectures. Deutscher argues that the segmentations and multiple techniques of Foucault’s family spaces, their sex and their strange sovereignties, manifest the countering swings of Foucault’s oscillations, a resistance to the Derridean reading.
The Truth About Parrhēsia
Authors: Bennington Geoffrey
Published: September 2017

In his 1982-3 course at the Collège de France, Le gouvernement de soi et des autres, Foucault, developing his famous notion of parrhēsia (free speech, courageous speech, or “fearless speech”), is led on several occasions to make allusive but acerbic criticisms of Derrida’s readings of Plato. Starting from a symptomatic reading of the animus evident in these criticisms, Bennington shows that Foucault’s notion of parrhēsia as a guiding figure for philosophy is in fact incoherent, and that this incoherence can be related to a number of other incoherencies in Foucault’s thinking from early to late. These incoherencies arise most notably whenever Foucault attempts to address the (“transcendental”) question of the very possibility of what he claims to be doing in his work. Taking seriously Derrida’s objections to Foucault in “Cogito et histoire de la folie,” “Etre juste avec Freud,” and La bête et le souverain I, Bennington goes on to suggest that Foucault’s very inability to explain the possibility of what he is claiming to do (in brief, the absence of any plausible account of the question of reading in his work) has paradoxically been the ground of his enormous intellectual success, but that that success has been bought at the price of a historicism and a self-righteous moralism that inevitably undermine the very “political” relevance that Foucault and his followers claim for themselves.
“The Best Mart on the Continent”
Authors: Hood Clifton
Published: September 2017

Chapter 1 concentrates on the 1750s and early 1760s when New York City was a minor seaport and provincial capital within an Atlantic economy of empires and trading. In a colonial seaport whose life’s blood was commerce, merchants were the people who made the principal economic decision. From around 1700, a few wealthy merchants – known as “great merchants” – accumulated fortunes that supplied a material basis for a luxurious way of life. New York’s merchants conceived of themselves and were seen by others as being part of a larger provincial upper class that also incorporated royal officials, planters, doctors, lawyers, and other professionals. This upper class had taken shape between the 1680s and the 1720s, driven by the expansion of the trans-Atlantic trade. It was characterized by its relative openness and its preoccupation with individual economic advancement. Compared to the stuffy and backward-looking elites found elsewhere in the colonies, the New York upper class was relatively dynamic, adaptable, and aggressive. However, the standing of merchants within this New York upper class was compromised by the code of gentility and by the place of royal officials atop the status hierarchy. The incompatibility of gentility with overly aggressive money-making and the privileged status of royal administrators relegated merchants to a secondary position in that upper class.
Wealth
Authors: Hood Clifton
Published: September 2017

Between 1820 and 1860, New York City experienced phenomenal economic growth that enlarged and enriched the urban upper class. Rapid growth brought in newcomers like John Jacob Astor, introduced new sources of merit, and put enormous weight on the pursuit of business success and on the accumulation of wealth. Merchants became distinct and self-conscious group who were now on top of the urban status hierarchy. The increased emphasis on wealth and enterprise weakened much of the old opposition to materialism, but anti-materialism did not so much disappear as become reactive to business dominance, with members of the existing upper class reacting to nouveau riches by stressing their own refinement, learning, family history, and so forth. Two key characteristics of the New York City upper class surfaced in this period. One was internal complexity. As the upper class became larger and wealthier, multiple and partially competing ways of belonging to it arose, and by the 1850s it had split into different economic and social factions. The second was a permanent malleability. The dynamic urban economy would cause the upper class to experience recurring social and cultural changes and meant that from now on the relationship that the upper class had with the city and with other social groups would repeatedly shift.
The Antielitist Elite
Authors: Hood Clifton
Published: September 2017

The cultural transformations of the 1960s and 1970s created problems and opportunities for elites. In these decades the upper- and middle classes went from being seen as the wellspring of social virtue in Victorian culture to being perceived as repressed, stuffy, and out of touch; after all, they were the prime beneficiaries of a status quo that was now found wanting. From lording it over commoners in the eighteenth century, to loathing the dangerous classes in the nineteenth century, many elite New Yorkers came around to romanticizing African-Americans and other lower-class groups as exemplars of human spirit and social justice. These actions were in many cases genuine, yet in espousing civil rights causes and tackling discrimination and poverty, in exposing the falseness and superficiality of genteel society, upper-class New Yorkers also established their own heightened sensitivity as anti-elitists and their own legitimacy. Corporate elites thus championed achievement and diversity as the foundation of a more democratic, anti-elitist elite.
Feasting Our Eyes
Authors: Lindenfeld Laura , Parasecoli Fabio
Published: September 2017

Big Night (1996), Ratatouille (2007), and Julie and Julia (2009) are more than films about food—they serve a political purpose. In the kitchen, around the table, and in the dining room, these films use cooking and eating to explore such themes as ideological pluralism, ethnic and racial acceptance, gender equality, and class flexibility—but not as progressively as you might think. Feasting Our Eyes takes a second look at these and other modern American food films to emphasize their conventional approaches to nation, gender, race, sexuality, and social status. Devoured visually and emotionally, these films are particularly effective defenders of the status quo. Feasting Our Eyes looks at Hollywood films and independent cinema, documentaries and docufictions, from the 1990s to today and frankly assesses their commitment to racial diversity, tolerance, and liberal political ideas. Laura Lindenfeld and Fabio Parasecoli find women and people of color continue to be treated as objects of consumption even in these modern works and, despite their progressive veneer, American food films often mask a conservative politics that makes commercial success more likely. A major force in mainstream entertainment, American food films shape our sense of who belongs, who has a voice, and who has opportunities in American society. They facilitate the virtual consumption of traditional notions of identity and citizenship, reworking and reinforcing ingrained ideas of power.
Introduction
Authors: Lindenfeld Laura , Parasecoli Fabio
Published: September 2017

The introduction follows the emergence of food films as an international genre before its success in the U.S, also discussing the concept of genre, and whether we can talk of a food film genre. The section also explores the connection between food film and embodiment, above all in terms of physical reactions of the viewers. It then investigate the increasing relevance of food in cultural and social debates in the US, and well as its growing visibility in the media
Autonomy in the Kitchen?
Authors: Lindenfeld Laura , Parasecoli Fabio
Published: September 2017

Considers instead the relationship between women and food, in professional and domestic environments. Cooking is presented as a way for women to assert themselves and their independence, while at the same time allowing unconventional negotiations of gender, class, and race with their environment. Fried Green Tomatoes (Avnet, 1999), No Reservations (Hicks, 2007) and its German predecessor Mostly Martha (Nettelbeck, 2001), Waitress (Shelly, 2007), The Ramen Girl (Robert Allan Ackerman, 2008), and Julie & Julia (Ephron, 2009) present the lead (white) female characters as powerful and autonomous, but the films collectively work to undermine the characters’ political agency at the expense of their ability to function in the kitchen. As such, they tend to privilege a heterosexist perspective and elevate white characters over characters of color.
Magical Food, Luscious Bodies
Authors: Lindenfeld Laura , Parasecoli Fabio
Published: September 2017

The films explored in this chapter configure the magic qualities of food as an extension of the bodies of the women—often exotic—who prepare food. In fact, these movies often embrace an approach that takes inspiration from the literary style of magic realism, where women metaphorically become food, often thrown away or in need of management because of their unruly nature. This chapter, which includes an analysis of Simply Irresistible (Tarlov, 1999), Woman on Top (Torres, 2000), The Mistress of Spices (Mayeda Berges, 2004) and Chocolat (Hallström, 2000), illustrates how food becomes fetishized, gendered, and racialized in Hollywood films much in the same way that women’s bodies have been treated by mainstream U.S. media. Food is often feminized in mainstream food media, and the configuration of food as magical via the extension of the female – and often non-white - bodies that prepare food into the food itself, underlines the pornographic potential of food imagery.
Introduction
Authors: Carlen Joe
Published: September 2017

In 1985, Peter Drucker, the late management expert, defined entrepreneurship as “the act that endows resources with a new capacity to create wealth,”1 among the most specific and meaningful definitions of the term. More literally, the words “entrepreneurship” and “enterprise” both derive from the Old French word for “an undertaking,” ...
“One Shekel of Your Private Silver”
Authors: Carlen Joe
Published: September 2017

What role did the entrepreneur play in shaping Ancient Mesopotamia, the “cradle of civilization”? This chapter demonstrates how the entrepreneurial drive transformed this pagan Middle Eastern society. Most relevantly, it helped spur Mesopotamia’s transition from an agrarian Bronze Age economy to a bustling hub of urban commerce, now a defining characteristic of Western Civilization. It will also highlight how this transformation spurred similar development throughout the then-known world.
Flying Money and Capitalist Monks
Authors: Carlen Joe
Published: September 2017

By the Medieval Era, the Far East had not only caught up with Christian and Islamic civilization but, at least in commercial terms, had surpassed both. From the invention of fiduciary (or paper) money to sophisticated forms of urban development and labor specialization, Chinese entrepreneurs had transformed their society. The chapter describes how these entrepreneurs, some of whom were Buddhist monks, shaped and distinguished China during the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Conclusion
Authors: Carlen Joe
Published: September 2017

Especially when it is guided by that rare combination of imagination, energy, and shrewdness, the entrepreneurial impulse can be the forerunner of momentous transformation, an instigator of significant changes that extend well beyond the realm of industry. As tantalizing as space tourism seems from a modern-day perspective, many of the entrepreneurs highlighted in the earlier chapters of this book were involved in enterprises that, for their respective eras, were just as radically innovative and transformational as the work of Musk, Bezos, and company....
What Do Women Want?
Authors: Marshik Celia
Published: September 2017

Argues that the evening gown expresses tensions between women's evolving social, sexual and economic opportunities and a sartorial genre that encodes conservative forms of femininity. Popular texts represent the dress as threatening to the women who wear it, while the professional work of modernist writers at once criticizes and expresses longing for the form. Even women who wanted to experiment with the form found themselves caricatured for doing so.
Coda
Authors: Marshik Celia
Published: September 2017

The advent of World War II put an end to a period when garments—at once newly plentiful and thus purportedly reflective of individual choice—rendered wearers at the mercy of their clothes in British fiction and nonfiction. As rationing (instituted on June 1, 1941) restricted access to new clothing, garments came to seem increasingly precious. The war changed all: official rhetoric suggested that funding weapons was far more important than purchasing clothing. Oliver Lyttleton, president of the British Board of Trade, advised his compatriots that “when you feel tired of your old clothes, remember that by making them do you are contributing some part of an aeroplane or a gun or a tank,”...
Theory, Planning, and Design
Authors: Schwabish Jonathan
Published: September 2017

Many presenters start designing their presentations by opening their slide software. Instead of starting in your slide tool, organize your thoughts and plan your presentation in a process that works for you. As you do so, you will be better able to figure out how your presentation will hold together and how it might differ from your written report.
Color
Authors: Schwabish Jonathan
Published: September 2017

The look and feel of your slides will set your audience’s expectations; draw them into your presentation and keep them engaged. To that end, color matters: Use it carefully and strategically to highlight important parts of your presentation.
The Data Visualization Slide
Authors: Schwabish Jonathan
Published: September 2017

One of the primary visual elements researchers will use in their presentations is graphs, charts, and other visualizations to show estimates and findings. Because we are more likely to remember and recall information when it is presented visually, your graphs can have a profound effect on your audience, especially when they are created keeping the audience’s needs in mind. You can create more effective visualizations by using certain elements such as color, lines, shapes, and markings to highlight and show your data. But when you do so, be sure to link your text and your graphs and minimize or eliminate non-data elements like gridlines, tick marks, and data labels.
The Image Slide
Authors: Schwabish Jonathan
Published: September 2017

We are more likely to remember, recognize, and connect with content when it is anchored with a visual. To use visuals in your presentation, use large, high-quality (high-resolution) images that fill the entire slide space. Importantly, link text and images so that they draw the audience’s attention to the important parts of the slide.
The Technical Nitty-Gritty
Authors: Schwabish Jonathan
Published: September 2017

Preparing in advance about the technical ins and outs of your presentation will ensure that everything looks the way you expect and that things run as smoothly as possible. Visualize. Try to know what kind of screen or projector you will be using, whether you need handouts, and what adapters or inputs your computer might need.
Bachelor Japanists
Authors: Reed Christopher
Published: September 2017

Challenging clichés of Japanism as a feminine taste, Bachelor Japanists argues that Japanese aesthetics were central to contests over the meanings of masculinity in the West. Christopher Reed draws attention to the queerness of Japanist communities of writers, collectors, curators, and artists in the tumultuous century between the 1860s and the 1960s.Reed combines extensive archival research; analysis of art, architecture, and literature; the insights of queer theory; and an appreciation of irony to explore the East-West encounter through three revealing artistic milieus: the Goncourt brothers and other japonistes of late-nineteenth-century Paris; collectors and curators in turn-of-the-century Boston; and the mid-twentieth-century circles of artists associated with Seattle’s Mark Tobey. The result is a groundbreaking integration of well-known and forgotten episodes and personalities that illuminates how Japanese aesthetics were used to challenge Western gender conventions. These disruptive effects are sustained in Reed’s analysis, which undermines conventional scholarly investments in the heroism of avant-garde accomplishment and ideals of cultural authenticity.
Introduction
Authors: Reed Christopher
Published: September 2017

The whole of Japan is a pure invention. There is no such country, there are no such people. … The Japanese people are, as I have said, simply a mode of style, an exquisite fancy of art.

—Oscar Wilde

If I want to imagine a fictive nation, … I can … isolate somewhere in the world (...
Bachelor Brahmins
Authors: Reed Christopher
Published: September 2017

Explores the collecting and exhibition practices of Boston’s Museum of Fine Arts, which set a standard for the display of Asian art in museums worldwide. Scholars such as Edward Morse and Ernest Fenollosa, funded by “Brahmin” patron-scholars such as William Sturgis Bigelow and Percival Lowell, provoked European Japanists into debates over the authenticity and excellence of Japanese prints and ceramics that foregrounded the Bostonians’ creation of a canon of Japanese art and religion associated with masculine aristocracy. Challenges to these gendered hierarchies came in the form of novels and, most dramatically, from Isabella Stewart Gardner’s collection of East Asian art, closed to the public and dispersed after her death.
Sublimation and Eccentricity in the art of Mark Tobey
Authors: Reed Christopher
Published: September 2017

Follows the career of artist Mark Tobey, whose long-standing interest in Japan exemplifies twentieth-century Western trends toward fascination with Zen Buddhism, rustic Japanese pottery, and calligraphy. Tobey’s career intersects in illuminating ways with very well known figures – the artist John Cage, the potter Bernard Leach, the critic Clement Greenberg – allowing this chapter to explore the impact of World War and Cold War on Japanism. The chapter concludes with an argument connecting initiatives to integrate Japanese-Americans into the cultural mainstream with the end of Japanism as a structure of dissent.
Conclusion
Authors: Reed Christopher
Published: September 2017

By 1965, the very visible realities of imperialism, immigration, World War, and Cold War diminished Japanism’s viability as a mode of what, in the introduction, I call an “unlearning” of the West. Of course, this did not happen all at once or completely.1 As with the nineteenth-century shift from the kinds of stylistically conventional depictions of Japan exemplified by Mortimer Menpes’s paintings to Japanist subversions of Western representational conventions, new and old paradigms can coexist, especially where there is a taste for the old-fashioned. But change has come, and that cannot be regretted. Notwithstanding the brilliance of Wilde or Barthes, the appeal of the houses and museums that constituted spaces of Japanism in the West, the sublimations enabled by Western practices of art or spirituality that drew from Zen Buddhism, or the opportunities created for individual Japanese like Okakura by dynamics termed ...
Introduction
Authors: Novetzke Christian Lee
Published: September 2017

Provides a historical context for the book and presents the argument of the work. This chapter gives keywords for the book and discusses how these ideas are used in the book.
The Biography of Literary Vernacularization
Authors: Novetzke Christian Lee
Published: September 2017

Supplies the remembered biographical data and likely public memory of Chakradhar and Jnandev that help shape the context of the four chapters that follow. The chapter also argues that meaning coheres around these received biographies in a way that stabilizes their “value” in a particular kind of spiritual economy of the age. The lives of these two emblematic figures are engaged as metonymic biographies, indexes for a much broader social change.
The Vernacular Moment
Authors: Novetzke Christian Lee
Published: September 2017

Observes the attention to historical detail in the Līḷācaritra and this allows us some access to the social conditions that were arrayed around vernacularization in the decades just before the full advent of Marathi literature. This chapter studies the cultural practices of caste and gender that pervaded everyday life in the mid-thirteenth century and were recorded by the early Mahanubhavs in the Līḷācaritra. Attention to these questions of social ethics is vital for understanding the cultural politics at work at the core of a new literary world in Marathi.
Sonic Equality
Authors: Novetzke Christian Lee
Published: September 2017

Draws out the contours of this social ethics in the Jñāneśvarī by tracking the relationship between statements about social equality and idioms of social inequality that were endemic to thirteenth-century Marathi. The Jñāneśvarī reveals a paradox, for the radical nature of putting this classic Sanskrit text in Marathi for all to access also means importing the language, colloquialisms, idioms, and other registers of social inequity that mark all languages. Vernacularization, located within the field of everyday life, simultaneously presses for greater social equity and reinforces other means of social difference. The Jñāneśvarī reveals a sonic equality that existed in a world of deep social inequality.
The Vernacular Millennium and the Quotidian Revolution
Authors: Novetzke Christian Lee
Published: September 2017

Reflects on the quotidian politics of vernacularization in the centuries that followed the narrow band of decades that consumes the majority of the book. From the fourteenth century onwards, Jnandev’s sonic equality was transformed into a vision of social equality and a champion of the figure of the everyday life. Conversely, I discuss how the Mahanubhavs receded into obscurity in the centuries after their founding, precisely because they increasingly rejected the quotidian world to become a secretive and secluded ascetical sect, a kind of antivernacularization. The book ends with a reflection on how these ideas, formulated with materials from the thirteenth century, might accompany an analysis of the vernacularization of democracy and of the public sphere in India today.
Centrifugal Empire
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Despite the destabilizing potential of governing of a vast territory and a large multicultural population, the centralized government of the People’s Republic of China has held together for decades, resisting efforts at local autonomy. By analyzing Beijing’s strategies for maintaining control even in the reformist post-Mao era, Centrifugal Empire reveals the unique thinking behind China’s approach to local governance, its historical roots, and its deflection of divergent interests. Centrifugal Empire examines the logic, mode, and instrument of local governance established by the People’s Republic, and then compares the current system to the practices of its dynastic predecessors. The result is an expansive portrait of Chinese leaders’ attitudes toward regional autonomy and local challenges, one concerned with territory-specific preoccupations and manifesting in constant searches for an optimal design of control. Jae Ho Chung reveals how current communist instruments of local governance echo imperial institutions, while exposing the Leninist regime’s savvy adaptation to contemporary issues and its need for more sophisticated inter-local networks to keep its unitary rule intact. He casts the challenges to China’s central–local relations as perennial, since the dilution of the system’s “socialist” or “Communist” character will only accentuate its fundamentally Chinese—or centrifugal—nature.
China as a Centrifugal Empire
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Poses the question: “Why are Chinese leaders so preoccupied with local governance?” and outlines a framework of analysis.
China Goes Local (Again)
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Assesses the impact of post-Mao decentralization on central-local relations and concludes that the former has not necessarily or uniformly favored localities at the expense of central control.
The Subnational Hierarchy in Time
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Links China’s two-millennium experiences in searching for optimal institutional designs for effective local control with that of the People’s Republic, suggests that the Communist regime is by no means so much different from its imperial predecessors and probably fares no better on average.
The Center’s Perceptions of Local Bureaucracy in China
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Employs a triple concept of “agents,” “representatives,” and “principals” in illustrating the trajectory in which Chinese leaders' perception of local bureaucracy has evolved over time. It also looks into Beijing’s perceptions toward the provincial, the prefecture-level, the county-level, and township governments.
The Political Economy of Vertical Support and Horizontal Networks
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Suggests that whereas Beijing's policy support and centrally-induced horizontal networks were important in the early phases of the reform, the center's resource support and voluntarily-formed lateral linkages have become increasingly crucial in recent years.
Conclusion
Authors: Chung Jae Ho
Published: September 2017

Offers an epilogue that reflects on the future of China as an emerging empire. It is suggested that the lapse of time will invariably dilute the “socialist” or “Communist” flavor, thereby further accentuating the “Chinese” nature of the system.
The Psyche in Late Capitalism II
Authors: Fong Benjamin Y.
Published: September 2017

Attempts to salvage the idea of "aggressive sublimation," which is both a recurring notion in the work of Herbert Marcuse and one that he strangely rejects.
Conclusion
Authors: Fong Benjamin Y.
Published: September 2017

Our very mastery seems to escape our mastery.

—Michel Serres, Conversations on Science, Culture, and Time

In parts 1 and 2 of this book, I investigated certain portions of the works of Freud, Loewald, and Lacan in order to fashion a drive theory hinted at by all but arrived at by none. In ...
The Concept of Sport
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: September 2017

Shows the context for understanding sport, breathing, given our capabilities and our cultural evolution; sport lies in the continuous fluidity between biology and culture.
Sports, Brain, Body, and the World
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: September 2017

Sport as a practice and cognitive event is largely action-oriented: there is thought in action, even if it is not particularly conscious thought. Habits codified in the motor regions of the brain underlie action. Muscle memory is fundamental; it is a metaphor for the organization of action. Importantly, neurotransmitters such dopamine are tied to the organization of action, salience, cognition, and, perhaps, the prediction of events. Diverse regions of the brain (e.g., the amygdala) and neuropeptides (oxytocin) are linked to social contact and play-related behaviors, and these same regions are crucial to a broad-based assessment of social context and meaning.
Running and the Brain: Neurogenesis
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: September 2017

Begins with some of the conditions that set the stage for the act of running, and then look at neurogenesis, brain expansion, and longer-term consequences of running within a context of specific morphological features and diverse information molecules that participate in our capacity for running and sport. Running itself promotes cell proliferation in the hippocampus, in part through the induction of endorphins or diverse neuronal growth factors. Running and neurogenesis are linked to forms of basic adaptation; running easily transitioned from joint coordination to play, and eventually to sport.
Throwing, Swimming, and Rowing
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: September 2017

Continues the thread of our anchoring to objects and others in the organization of action and in sport in particular; social organization, human development, pedagogy, and tool use. I start with the visual system, so central to human evolution and our practice of most sports. I will then continue with problem solving and sport, throwing, swimming and rowing; biogical spreading through sports and sports impacting physical and mental capabilities. Human evolutionary history shows that throwing is a feature of our species and that to throw well was to survive. The capacity to store energy and release it with control, rapidity, and flexibility probably emerged with Homo erectus about 2 million years ago, along with greater flexibility of the torso; the infusion of energy vital for hunting and running emerged with shoulder flexibility and control over the elbow and wrist.
Fairness and Sports
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: September 2017

Begins with a discussion of drug abuse in sport, before moving on to consider fairness in sport and the expansion of our sense of rights and human participation; our cultural evolution through the participation in sports. Engaging in play that turns into sport is one way we learn about fairness: following the rules, playing the game fairly. Mammalian play is at the root of the socialization process so essential for getting a foothold in the world and fairness is a feature of our cultural evolution; a feature that coexists and evolved with sports participation. Sports exist in the context of social hope and broader participation in a common context of human expression, striving to release the “better angels of our nature.”
Dignity and Beauty
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: September 2017

Abstract and Keywords to be supplied.
On Being a Victim
Authors: Reamer Frederic G.
Published: September 2017

Focuses on the experiences of crime victims and meetings between the Parole Board and victims. It includes extensive case examples and realistic dialogue.
Redemption and Hope
Authors: Reamer Frederic G.
Published: September 2017

Focuses on the possibility of rehabilitation and redemption among prison inmates. I review data on recidivism. The chapter includes extensive case examples and realistic dialogue
Three Axes of Genre Study
Authors: Rosen Jeremy
Published: September 2017

Derives a general theory of genre from analysis of the genre I call “minor-character elaboration.” It argues that genre should be studied and understood along three intersecting axes: as a practice of formal reiteration and variation, as a shared social practice that conveys the cultural logic of a particular historical moment, and as a technology that is deployed to serve the strategic needs of producers and consumers.
The Real and Imaginary Politics of Minor-Character Elaboration, 1983–2014
Authors: Rosen Jeremy
Published: September 2017

Argues that the conventional form of minor-character elaboration, which becomes visible as the genre flourishes between the 1980s and the present, articulates a set of consensus values of liberal pluralism. Reading a wide range of texts produced in this period, the chapter shows how the registering of the narrative voice and psychology of a formerly minor character becomes the genre’s primary convention. While scholars have often lauded such texts for liberating the voices, of minor characters, I argue that rather than accomplishing an emancipation or posing a subversive challenge, the genre reaffirms the unique subjective experience of every individual, and the necessity of a pluralist dialogue between conflicting agendas.
“An Insatiable Market” For Minor Characters
Authors: Rosen Jeremy
Published: September 2017

Argues that minor-character elaboration has flourished because it serves the strategic needs of producers in the consolidated global publishing industry. Genre fiction appeals to large-scale publishers because it minimizes risk by deploying proven formulae and aiming at established audiences. Minor-character elaboration adds to this several particular qualities. It allows producers to annex the prestige of the traditional literary canon while assimilating the perspectives of female and minority subjects, and so appeal to an educated, well-read demographic, as well as identity-groups that are reconceived as target publics.
The Shenzi Fragments
Authors: Harris Eirik Lang
Published: September 2017

The Shenzi Fragments is the first complete translation in any Western language of the extant work of Shen Dao (350–275 B.C.E.). Though his writings have been recounted and interpreted in many texts, particularly in the work of Xunzi and Han Fei, very few Western scholars have encountered the political philosopher’s original, influential formulations. This volume contains both a translation and an analysis of the Shenzi Fragments. It explains their distillation of the potent political theories circulating in China during the Warring States period, along with their seminal relationship to the Taoist and Legalist traditions and the philosophies of the Lüshi Chunqiu and the Huainanzi. These fragments outline a rudimentary theory of political order modeled on the natural world that recognizes the role of human self-interest in maintaining stable rule. Casting the natural world as an independent, amoral system, Shen Dao situates the source of moral judgment firmly within the human sphere, prompting political philosophy to develop in realistic directions. Harris’s sophisticated translation is paired with commentary that clarifies difficult passages and obscure references. For sections open to multiple interpretations, he offers resources for further research and encourages readers to follow their own path to meaning, much as Shen Dao intended. The Shenzi Fragments offers English-language readers a chance to grasp the full significance of Shen Dao’s work among the pantheon of Chinese intellectuals.
Shen Dao in the Early Chinese Intellectual Milieu
Authors: Harris Eirik Lang
Published: September 2017

Works to situate Shen Dao in the early Chinese intellectual milieu and upon the philosophical landscape. The goal of this chapter is not merely to demonstrate that Shen Dao was deeply tied into the intellectual milieu of his time and addressing similar issues as his contemporaries. Rather it is to demonstrate how he actually influenced a range of early Chinese thinkers. In doing so, it focuses on Shen Dao’s place in debates about the nature and role of Heaven as well as his influence on Xunzi, Han Feizi, and the compilers of the Lüshi Chunqiu and the Huainanzi.
A Translation of The Shenzi Fragments
Authors: Harris Eirik Lang
Published: September 2017

A complete translation of the fragments along with limited commentary. Each section is preceded by the Chinese text. While every act of translation is an act of interpretation, I have worked to avoid pushing my overall view of the text’s meaning in the translation itself. Throughout, I acknowledge when the language is open textured enough to admit of multiple understandings, leaving my defense of particular interpretations to the philosophical analysis. The brief commentary Is in certain ways inspired by the Chinese commentarial tradition and its goals, and attempts to furnish readers with a set of landmarks and guides to better situate them and provide contextualization.
On Company Time
Authors: Harris Donal
Published: September 2017

American novelists and poets who came of age in the early twentieth century were taught to avoid journalism. It dulled creativity, rewarded sensationalist content, and stole time from “serious” writing. Yet Willa Cather, W. E. B. Du Bois, and Ernest Hemingway, among others all worked in the for popular magazines and helped to invent the house styles that defined McClure’s, The Crisis, Esquire, and others. On Company Time tells the story of American modernism from inside the offices and on the pages of the most successful and stylish magazines of the twentieth century. Working across the borders of media history, and literary studies, Donal Harris draws out the profound institutional, economic, and aesthetic affiliations between modernism and American magazine culture. Starting in the 1890s, a growing number of writers found steady paychecks and regular publishing opportunities as editors and reporters at big magazines. Often privileging innovative style over late-breaking content, these magazines prized novelists and poets for their innovation and attention to literary craft. In recounting this history, On Company Time challenges the narrative of decline that often accompanies modernism’s incorporation into midcentury middlebrow culture. Its integrated account of literary and journalistic form shows American modernism evolving within as opposed to against mass print culture. Harris’s work also provides an understanding of modernism that extends beyond narratives centered on little magazines and other “institutions of modernism” that served narrow audiences. And for the writers, the “double life” of working for these magazines shaped modernism’s literary form and created new models of authorship.
Making Modernism Big
Authors: Harris Donal
Published: September 2017

FRESH ON THE HEELS OF COMPILING FLAPPERS AND PHILOSOPHERS (1920), a short-story collection mostly culled from fiction previously published in the Saturday Evening Post, F. Scott Fitzgerald momentarily paused to imagine how popular magazines might occupy themselves when no one is reading them. The resulting short play, “This Is a Magazine,” published in ...
Innovative Finance and the Visible Hand
Authors: Keohane Georgia Levenson
Published: September 2017

As Christopher (“Edge”) Egerton-Warburton pedaled his bike along the Buckingham Palace Road in the summer of 2002, the gears began to shift. A Goldman Sachs banker by trade, Edge considered the investment challenge—and conundrum—posed to him by the Chancellor of the Exchequer: how to help the United Kingdom honor its commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), an ambitious and global effort to tackle poverty and its many dimensions—among them hunger, child and maternal health, preventable disease, and education. Why, Edge wondered, if investments in social and economic development were so cost effective, did we fail to make them? And was it possible to borrow from his world of structured finance to turn future government aid pledges into money for social investment today—when it was most valuable?...
Toward a New Disaster Finance
Authors: Keohane Georgia Levenson
Published: September 2017

Looks at complex manmade disasters—thornier, in some ways, than natural disasters because they do not readily lend themselves to risk transfer. Displacement and dislocation—refugees fleeing conflict—are political failures, not market failures. Nevertheless, this chapter looks at whether there are ways to improve how donor funds are raised and spent in humanitarian relief, particularly as protracted human emergencies become long-term development challenges. The chapter’s concluding observations, with examples from investment for peace initiatives in the Middle East, return us to the original Bretton Woods theme: that economic development and political stability are necessarily intertwined.
Innovative Finance in Communities Across the United States
Authors: Keohane Georgia Levenson
Published: September 2017

examine whether some of the place-based investment strategies, like the Community Reinvestment Act and the Low Income Housing Tax Credit—which have unlocked billions of dollars in private capital for real estate, affordable housing and enterprise development—lend themselves to more people-centric services. We look at innovations in financial inclusion and asset building, approaches intended to create wealth for the poor, often by simply connecting them to resources they are already eligible for, like the Earned Income Tax Credit. We also investigate the U.S. experience with social impact bonds (SIBs), pay-for-success contracts between local government, nonprofit service providers, and private investors whose capital underwrites preventive services. The idea is that if the interventions succeed, the investors will be repaid out of the social savings. The SIB industry is still new in the US and the track record is mixed. However, the larger lessons about good governance, evidence-based policy-making, and blended capital are relevant for innovative finance in U.S. communities for a growing set of capital investments that fuse the place and people lenses. Like development projects that link affordable housing with community health centers. In this paradigm, mobility is critical to economic opportunity, and investments in physical and social infrastructure are mutually reinforcing.