bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacto de la orientación proactiva y reactiva al mercado sobre el éxito de la innovación. El papel moderador de la orientación al aprendizaje
Authors: Osorio Tinoco Fabián F. , Hernández Espallardo Miguel , Rodríguez Orejuela Héctor Augusto
Published: September 2015

Desde la perspectiva teórica propuesta por Narver et al. (2004), este artículo analiza el efecto de la orientación al mercado reactiva y proactiva sobre el éxito de la innovación y la moderación de la orientación al aprendizaje con fuentes internas y de mercado. Utilizando regresión lineal, se encuentra que la orientación al mercado reactiva tiene un efecto lineal positivo sobre el éxito de la innovación, mientras la proactiva tiene un efecto de U invertida, moderado por la orientación al aprendizaje de mercado. El texto demuestra que el efecto de cada tipo de orientación depende del tipo aprendizaje. Y se concluye que las empresas mejorarán su éxito de la innovación combinando adecuadamente su orientación al mercado con el tipo de aprendizaje utilizado.
Efectos del estrés sobre los procesos de plasticidad y neurogénesis: una revisión
Authors: Zárate Santiago , Acevedo-Triana César A , Sarmiento-Bolaños MJ , Cardenas P Luis Fernando , León Laura A
Published: September 2015

Grandes esfuerzos han sido llevados a cabo para entender los componentes psicobiológicos del estrés y de algunas de las psicopatologías relacionadas con él, tales como los trastornos de ansiedad (ansiedad generalizada o crisis de pánico) e incluso la depresión. Existen evidencias de que procesos como la neurogénesis y la plasticidad se ven enormemente afectados por muchos factores, entre ellos el estrés. En esta revisión se presentan algunos de los principales conceptos sobre la relación entre estrés, plasticidad y neurogénesis, a los que se ha llegado a partir de investigaciones realizadas – principalmente en modelos animales – desde hace algunas décadas. Se realizará una diferenciación entre los efectos ocasionados por estrés crónico y agudo, tratando de establecer las interacciones que sobre estos efectos ejercen algunas variables tales como el género o el rango de edad, se enfatizarán los efectos comportamentales para finalmente revisar algunas de las formas de intervención actualmente más usadas para el tratamiento del estrés.
The early emergence of temporal reference in mother-child multimodal communication
Authors: Muñetón Mercedes Amparo , Rodrigo María José
Published: September 2015

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Evaluación de la batería computarizada para lenguaje oral (BILOv3) a través del modelo de Rasch para una muestra brasileña
Authors: Joly Maria Cristina Rodrigues Azevedo , Dias Anelise Silva , Reppold Caroline Tozzi
Published: September 2015

There are few tests in Brazil to evaluate the comprehension of oral language, especially the ones that are computer-based. Thus, this study aimed at investigating psychometric characteristics for a computer-based battery for Oral Language, Bilov3 using the Rasch Model. 569 children collectively answered BILOv3, which is constituted of 6 tests. A general analysis of the battery indicated that the test Completing Sentences was the one with the highest index of difficulty, whereas the test Completing Stories was the lowest. However, in the latter, there are difficult items regarding Morpho-syntactic Comprehension, Logical-Verbal Organization and Story Interpretation. As far as precision was concerned, the Kuder-Richardson coefficient varied from 0.80 to 0.97, which shows that the test is consistent. These results are evidences of validity and precision for BILOv3.
Desordenes en funciones ejecutivas y síntomas de desorden de comportamiento adaptativo en niños preescolares
Authors: Araujo Jiménez Eva Angelina , Jané Ballabriga Ma. Claustre , Bonillo Martin Albert , Capdevilla i Brophy Connie
Published: September 2015

The Executive Function is a set of cognitive processes that are developed from the earliest ages. Recent studies in children with disruptive behaviour disorders suggest the presence of effects on the executive functioning. The aim of this study is to know the association among symptoms of Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder, and Executive Function in children from 3 to 6 years old. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. An assessment was performed on a sample of 444 subjects from Spain; it was made through an inventory for parents and teachers to estimate the capacity of Executive Function. Results: a relation between the symptoms of Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and the Executive Function deficit was found. The presence of symptoms of Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder inattentive type is associated with deficiencies in all areas of Executive Function, which does not occur with other symptoms. Conclusion: It is important to know the specific characteristics of each symptomatology by taking into account their executive functioning, in order to achieve accurate diagnoses in the clinical setting, as well as appropriate therapy according to the deficiencies presented by children.
Evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas del Brief COPE, su relación con el NEO PI-R y diferencias de género en Brasil
Authors: Morán Consuelo , Méndez Luz Marina , González Ramírez Mónica Teresa , Menezes Ester , Landero-Hernández René
Published: September 2015

El NEO PI-R es una escala base para examinar la personalidad y el Brief COPE es un instrumento, poco difundido en Brasil, para examinar el afrontamiento. Por ello, el presente estudio transversal con muestra brasileña tiene como objetivos evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Brief COPE, examinar su relación con el NEO PI-R, así como también evaluar las diferencias de género en el NEO PI-R y el Brief Cope. Participaron 899 adultos. El análisis factorial no confirmó la estructura original del Brief COPE. El análisis factorial exploratorio evidenció una solución de ocho factores, que fue corroborada por el análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se encontraron correlaciones entre las cinco dimensiones de la personalidad y los factores del afrontamiento, así como también diferencias significativas de género.
El efecto de la responsabilidad organizacional sobre las actitudes hacia la contratación de personas con discapacidad
Authors: Gandarillas Gutiérrez Beatriz , Requero Blanca , Rojo Beatriz , Briñol Pablo
Published: September 2015

La presente investigación estudia el cambio de actitudes en el contexto laboral hacia la contratación de personas con discapacidad. Fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente 80 trabajadores de distintas empresas, para participar de forma voluntaria y anónima en esta investigación. Se examinó el efecto de la responsabilidad organizacional de los participantes, sobre el procesamiento de mensajes persuasivos y las actitudes hacia la incorporación de trabajadores de este colectivo minoritario. Mediante un análisis de varianza, se encontró que los participantes que informaron tener (vs. no tener) responsabilidad sobre otras personas discriminaron en mayor medida entre los argumentos fuertes y débiles de la propuesta persuasiva. En línea con la investigación previa sobre responsabilidad personal y persuasión, estos resultados sugieren que la responsabilidad organizacional influye sobre la cantidad de procesamiento o sobre la validez de los pensamientos generados en respuesta a la propuesta.
Inteligencia y Creatividad: Correlatos Entre los Constructos a través de dos Estudios Empíricos
Authors: Krumm Gabriela Liliana , Arán Filippetti Vanessa , Bustos Daniela
Published: September 2015

En el presente trabajo se examina la relación entre la inteligencia, desde el enfoque de Cattell, y la creatividad, desde la perspectiva del pensamiento divergente, a través de dos estudios empíricos. En el estudio uno (E1), se analizó la relación entre la inteligencia fluida (gf) y la creatividad figurativa en una muestra de 359 niños de 8 a 14 años de edad, encontrándose una asociación entre gf y todos los indicadores de la creatividad a excepción de la dimensión elaboración. En el estudio dos (E2), se investigó la relación entre la inteligencia cristalizada (gc) y gf y la creatividad verbal en una muestra de 120 adolescentes de 15 a 18 años, hallándose, por un lado, una asociación positiva entre la inteligencia y la creatividad verbal y, por otro lado, que gc es el aspecto de la inteligencia que predice la creatividad verbal. Los resultados de ambos estudios apoyan la hipótesis que sostiene que la creatividad y la inteligencia son constructos separados que se superponen en algunos aspectos y sugieren que las habilidades intelectuales (gc vs. gf) se asocian selectivamente a los diferentes tipos de creatividad (verbal vs. figurativa) y sus indicadores.
Impacto de la comunicación de funciones directivas sobre el compromiso de los trabajadores en la Administración Pública
Authors: Mañas Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Salvador Ferrer Carmen María , Díaz Fúnez Pedro Antonio , Pecino Medina Vicente
Published: September 2015

En este trabajo estudiamos la influencia que ejerce la comunicación de funciones directivas sobre el compromiso de los trabajadores en diferentes equipos de la Administración Pública. Para ello, la muestra del presente trabajo fue de 355 empleados públicos. Se utilizó la escala de Peiró, J. M. y González-Roma, V. (1994) para analizar la comunicación de funciones directivas (alfa de Cronbach de .89) y la escala de O’Reilly y Chatman (1986) para analizar el compromiso de los trabajadores (alfa de Cronbach de .80). Los resultados indican que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la comunicación de funciones directivas y el compromiso en función de los servicios. Además, descubrimos que en algunos equipos el impacto que ejerce la comunicación de funciones directivas en el compromiso de los trabajadores es relevante.
Relaciones entre el autoconcepto relacional, la elección de metas y la satisfacción de necesidades psicológicas en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gámez Armas Elena , Díaz Gómez Jose Miguel , Marrero Hernández Hipólito , Galindo Galindo Ma Paz , Breva Asensio Alicia
Published: September 2015

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar cómo ciertas características del autoconcepto pueden influir en la elección de unas u otras metas en estudiantes universitarios. Se utilizó una adaptación al castellano de la escala Relational-Interdependent Self-Construal ([RISC]; Cross, Bacon, & Morris, 2000) para medir el grado en el que los estudiantes incorporan sus relaciones interpersonales significativas en la construcción del autoconcepto. En una muestra de 389 universitarios españoles (rango de edad 16-47, M = 19.28; DE = 3.15) se efectuaron distintos contrastes que mostraron diferencias significativas asociadas al género (♀ = 59% y ♂ = 41% con tamaños de efecto d 0.25-0.55) y a las puntuaciones (altas frente a bajas, d 0.42-0.91) en la escala del RISC. Asimismo, esta variable de diferencias individuales apareció como predictora significativa en la elección de determinado tipo de metas y de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas de autonomía, competencia y vinculación. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones en la elección de estudios y en lo que los estudiantes esperan encontrar en la universidad.
Behavior Therapy and Modelo Latinoamérica; Assembling and Demarcating Psychology in Colombia
Authors: Mora-Gámez Fredy A
Published: September 2015

The set of psychological techniques known as Behavior Therapy is reframed as a sociotechnical device and its circulation from the US to Colombia in the 1970s is reconstructed. The circulation of Behavior Therapy is described in academic spaces such as Universidad Nacional de Colombia and Universidad Javeriana. The possibility of Behavior Therapy as a Boundary Object as a mean for demarcation from psychiatry, and as a way for promoting and mobilizing scientific discourses about subjectivity. Thus, a relation between the training guidelines for psychology curricula known as Modelo Latinoamérica and the assemblage of Behavior Therapy is outlined. Finally, some considerations for future interdisciplinary research on the history of psychology are proposed.
Germán Greve Schlegel y la recepción del psicoanálisis en Chile: la historia de un médico chileno “probablemente alemán”
Authors: Ruperthuz Honorato Mariano
Published: September 2015

El presente trabajo amplía los antecedentes históricos de una de las primeras referencias sobre el psicoanálisis en Latinoamérica: la exposición del médico chileno Germán Greve Schlegel en Buenos Aires en 1910. Se constata, basado en fuentes históricas primarias, cómo Greve habría tomado contacto con el freudismo desde finales del siglo XIX, describiendo el marco específico de ese encuentro y se analizan detalles sobre la participación de este médico chileno en la escena médica. Se trabaja desde el marco referencial y metodológico que piensan al psicoanálisis como un sistema de ideas y creencias de carácter transnacional, cuya recepción en cualquier espacio local implica un proceso activo de lectura, reinterpretación y adaptación a las distintas realidades en las que se inserta.
Inicios de la psicología en Córdoba: la enseñanza en el Instituto de Filosofía
Authors: Scherman Patricia
Published: September 2015

Esta presentación analiza el desarrollo de la enseñanza de la psicología en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba en la primera mitad del siglo XX. El estudio de los programas de psicología, dictados en el Instituto de Filosofía entre 1937 y 1954, ha permitido establecer que la orientación aristotélicotomista se constituyó en el perfil distintivo de la enseñanza de en ese período. Esta matriz dominante de los estudios no mostró interés en abordar o bien desarrollar avances producidos en la psicología científica desde principios siglo. Se postula que esa perspectiva estuvo ligada a una influencia clerical en la Universidad, la cual se integraba en un proyecto político que hacía de Córdoba un polo de resistencia al liberalismo de la capital del país.
La clínica de higiene mental infantil en Brasil. La psicología como recurso
Authors: Francisconi Borges Roselania , Boarini Maria Lucia
Published: September 2015

Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de demostrar que los integrantes de la Liga Brasileña de Higiene Mental –en su mayoría médicos, educadores y juristas– contribuyeron a la inserción de los saberes psicológicos en Brasil, a principios del siglo XX. Teniendo como perspectiva teórica el análisis histórico y como fuente primaria los Arquivos Brasileiros de Higiene Mental, en su periódico oficial, se realizó una investigación bibliográfica para demostrar que este grupo encontró en los instrumentos de la psicología, entre ellos, las pruebas psicológicas, una forma de explicar las diferencias individuales. Los presupuestos de la psicología fueron tomados como base científica para tornar la higiene mental un medio de saneamiento psíquico de la población. Al crear la Clínica de Euphrenia, destinada a realizar la psicohigiene del niño, abrieron campos para inserción de la psicología en la educación y en la salud, con la profilaxis mental de la infancia como objetivo.
Conducta agresiva y ajuste personal y escolar en una muestra de estudiantes adolescentes españoles
Authors: ESTÉVEZ LÓPEZ ESTEFANÍA , JIMÉNEZ GUTIÉRREZ TERESA ISABEL
Published: September 2015

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar en qué medida la conducta agresiva hacia los iguales predice un mayor desajuste personal y escolar en los adolescentes agresores, chicos y chicas. Se utilizó una muestra de 1510 adolescentes españoles de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Los análisis de regresión logística mostraron que, en relación al ajuste personal, el comportamiento agresivo predice significativamente y para ambos sexos altas puntuaciones en sintomatología depresiva, estrés percibido y soledad, y bajas puntuaciones en autoestima, satisfacción vital y empatía. En el ámbito escolar, la conducta agresiva se relacionó con bajas puntuaciones en implicación académica, afiliación con los compañeros, percepción de apoyo del profesor y actitud positiva hacia la escuela.
Desarrollo de una Intervención en Espiritualidad en Pacientes con Cáncer
Authors: Sánchez Pedraza Ricardo , Sierra Matamoros Fabio Alexander , Urrego Barbosa Sandra Carolina
Published: September 2015

Teniendo en cuenta la crisis existencial y espiritual que experimentan los pacientes con cáncer en estadios avanzados se buscó desarrollar una intervención que fomentara el bienestar espiritual y que fuera aplicable a nuestro contexto. Para esto, a partir de una búsqueda de literatura sobre intervenciones en espiritualidad, se establecieron ejes metodológicos y temáticos y se estructuró una psicoterapia orientada a la búsqueda y construcción del sentido de la vida, organizada en ocho sesiones semanales de 90 minutos cada una, para grupos de cuatro a siete pacientes. Se concluye que esta intervención es adecuada para pacientes colombianos con cáncer y se sugiere realizar estudios sobre su eficacia y efectividad antes de su aplicación en la práctica clínica.
Necesidades, expectativas y sueños sobre la relación de pareja, de hombres remitidos para atención psicológica por denuncias de violencia intrafamiliar
Authors: Medina Alvarez Argelia , Arévalo Carrascal Amanda , Durán Echeverri Alicia
Published: September 2015

A fin de contribuir a la comprensión de la violencia de los hombres hacia sus parejas se identificaron necesidades, expectativas y sueños de los hombres y su relación con la aparición y mantenimiento del maltrato verbal y físico, a través de una investigación-intervención cualitativa realizada con doce parejas heterosexuales. Las necesidades, expectativas y sueños se ubican en tres grupos: el primero incluye aspectos emocionales y relacionales; el segundo tradiciones culturales patriarcales y el tercero muestra el deseo de los hombres por unas relaciones más igualitarias. Se encontró que no sólo el deseo de dominación, poder y control sino también la insatisfacción respecto de la vinculación y el afecto, pueden contribuir a la violencia por parte de los hombres.
Crystal thickness and extinction distance measurements by convergent beam electron diffraction fitting and application in quantitative TEM holography analysis on p-n junctions
Authors: Zhu Jie , Tan Pik Kee , Tan Hao , Wang Dan Dan , Huang Ya Min , Chen Chang Qing , Liu Bing Hai , Er Eddie , Zhao Si Ping , Lam Jeffrey , Mai Zhi Hong
Published: September 2015

A modified model function is proposed to determine Si crystal thickness and extinction distance by fitting of the convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) intensity based on the dynamical diffraction and absorption theories. The previous fitting method employs two separate functions to simulate the elastic and inelastic parts of CBED intensity, while the present work uses a single model for the simulation. At an electron beam energy of 300 kV, the model demonstrates very fast and accurate thickness measurements ranging from 58 to 334 nm for the Si crystal. The minimum measurable thickness is around three times smaller compared with the conventional K–A plot method. From the fitting, the extinction distance of the Si (004) diffraction was determined to be 183.03 ± 2 nm, which is useful for the determination of the Si crystal structure factor. In conjunction with the transmission electron microscope holography technique, the authors study the electrostatic built-in potential across the p-n junction of the source and drain of a metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor device.
Automated geometry assisted proximity effect correction for electron beam direct write nanolithography
Authors: Ocola Leonidas E. , Gosztola David J. , Rosenmann Daniel , Lopez Gerald
Published: September 2015

Nanoscale geometry assisted proximity effect correction (NanoPEC) is demonstrated to improve proximity effect correction (PEC) for nanoscale structures over standard methods, in terms of feature sharpness for sub-100 nm structures. NanoPEC was implemented onto an existing commercially available pec software. Plasmonic arrays of crosses were fabricated using regular PEC and NanoPEC, and optical absorbance was measured. Results confirm that the improved sharpness of the structures leads to increased sharpness in the optical absorbance spectrum features. The authors also demonstrated that this method of PEC is applicable to arbitrary shaped structures beyond crosses.
Radiobiologically optimized couch shift: A new localization paradigm using cone‐beam CT for prostate radiotherapy
Authors: Huang Yimei , Gardner Stephen J. , Wen Ning , Zhao Bo , Gordon James , Brown Stephen , Chetty Indrin J.
Published: September 2015

Purpose:

To present a novel positioning strategy which optimizes radiation delivery by utilizing radiobiological response knowledge and evaluate its use during prostate external beam radiotherapy.

Methods:

Five patients with low or intermediate risk prostate cancer were evaluated retrospectively in this IRB‐approved study. For each patient, a VMAT plan with one 358° arc was generated on the planning CT (PCT) to deliver 78 Gy in 39 fractions. Five representative pretreatment cone beam CTs (CBCT) were selected for each patient. The CBCT images were registered to PCT by a human observer, which consisted of an initial automated registration with three degrees‐of‐freedom, followed by manual adjustment for agreement at the prostate/rectal wall interface. To determine the optimal treatment position for each CBCT, a search was performed centering on the observer‐matched position (OM‐position) utilizing a score function based on radiobiological and dosimetric indices (EUDprostate, D99prostate, NTCPrectum, and NTCPbladder) for the prostate, rectum, and bladder. We termed the optimal treatment position the radiobiologically optimized couch shift position (ROCS‐position).

Results:

The dosimetric indices, averaged over the five patients’ treatment plans, were (mean ± SD) 79.5 ± 0.3 Gy (EUDprostate), 78.2 ± 0.4 Gy (D99prostate), 11.1% ± 2.7% (NTCPrectum), and 46.9% ± 7.6% (NTCPbladder). The corresponding values from CBCT at the OM‐positions were 79.5 ± 0.6 Gy (EUDprostate), 77.8 ± 0.7 Gy (D99prostate), 12.1% ± 5.6% (NTCPrectum), and 51.6% ± 15.2% (NTCPbladder), respectively. In comparison, from CBCT at the ROCS‐positions, the dosimetric indices were 79.5 ± 0.6 Gy (EUDprostate), 77.3 ± 0.6 Gy (D99prostate), 8.0% ± 3.3% (NTCPrectum), and 46.9% ± 15.7% (NTCPbladder). Excessive NTCPrectum was observed on Patient 5 (19.5% ± 6.6%) corresponding to localization at OM‐position, compared to the planned value of 11.7%. This was mitigated with radiobiologically optimized localization, resulting in a reduced NTCPrectum value of 11.3% ± 3.5%. Overall, the treatment position optimization resulted in similar target dose coverage with reduced risk to rectum.

Conclusions:

These encouraging results illustrate the potential advantage of applying radiobiologically optimized correction for online image‐guided radiotherapy of prostate patients.
A modified sequential algebraic algorithm applied to identify rough acoustic impedance profiles in slender structures
Authors: Taminato Filipe O. , Tenenbaum Roberto A. , Fernandes Kennedy M.
Published: September 2015

This paper develops and examines a modified technique for identifying damage in slender structures. An algorithm, called modified sequential algebraic algorithm, is presented to solve the longitudinal acoustic wave propagation problem in inhomogeneous media. This method accurately predicts the echo generated by the inhomogeneities when the acoustic impedance variation profile in the damaged part of the structure is non-smooth. For these cases, the available algorithms fail to provide the actual regressive wave component. In the following, a stochastic optimization scheme, the differential evolution method, is applied to solve the inverse problem. Numerical examples with smooth and non-smooth impedance profiles are considered. It is shown that, for smooth profiles, both the available techniques and the modified algorithm succeed in identifying the actual damage. Nevertheless, in situations where a rough profile is to be reconstructed, only the modified algorithm succeeds. The technique is found to be robust with respect to additive noise in the signals.
Biomechanics of Counterweighted One-Legged Cycling
Authors: Elmer Steven J. , McDaniel John , Martin James C.
Published: September 2015

One-legged cycling has served as a valuable research tool and as a training and rehabilitation modality. Biomechanics of onelegged cycling are unnatural because the individual must actively lift the leg during flexion, which can be difficult to coordinate and cause premature fatigue. We compared ankle, knee, and hip biomechanics between two-legged, one-legged, and counterweighted (11.64 kg) one-legged cycling. Ten cyclists performed two-legged (240 W), one-legged (120 W), and counterweighted one-legged (120 W) cycling (80 rpm). Pedal forces and limb kinematics were recorded to determine work during extension and flexion. During counterweighted one-legged cycling relative ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and hip flexion work were less than one-legged but greater than two-legged cycling (all P < .05). Relative ankle plantar flexion and hip extension work for counterweighted one-legged cycling were greater than one-legged but less than two-legged cycling (all P < .05). Relative knee extension work did not differ across conditions. Counterweighted one-legged cycling reduced but did not eliminate differences in joint flexion and extension actions between one- and two-legged cycling. Even with these differences, counterweighted one-legged cycling seemed to have advantages over one-legged cycling. These results, along with previous work highlighting physiological characteristics and training adaptations to counterweighted one-legged cycling, demonstrate that this exercise is a viable alternative to one-legged cycling.
A Novel Approach to Determine Strides, Ice Contact, and Swing Phases During Ice Hockey Skating Using a Single Accelerometer
Authors: Stetter Bernd J. , Buckeridge Erica , Tscharner Vinzenz von , Nigg Sandro R. , Nigg Benno M.
Published: September 2015

This study presents a new approach for automated identification of ice hockey skating strides and a method to detect ice contact and swing phases of individual strides by quantifying vibrations in 3D acceleration data during the blade–ice interaction. The strides of a 30-m forward sprinting task, performed by 6 ice hockey players, were evaluated using a 3D accelerometer fixed to a hockey skate. Synchronized plantar pressure data were recorded as reference data. To determine the accuracy of the new method on a range of forward stride patterns for temporal skating events, estimated contact times and stride times for a sequence of 5 consecutive strides was validated. Bland-Altman limits of agreement (95%) between accelerometer and plantar pressure derived data were less than 0.019 s. Mean differences between the 2 capture methods were shown to be less than 1 ms for contact and stride time. These results demonstrate the validity of the novel approach to determine strides, ice contact, and swing phases during ice hockey skating. This technology is accurate, simple, effective, and allows for in-field ice hockey testing.
Lower Limb Kinematics and Metabolic Cost During Elliptical Exercises and Treadmill Running
Authors: Chester Stephanie , Zucker-Levin Audrey , Melcher Daniel A. , Peel Shelby A. , Bloomer Richard J. , Paquette Max R.
Published: September 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare knee and hip joint kinematics previously associated with anterior knee pain and metabolic cost among conditions including treadmill running (TR), standard elliptical (SE), and lateral elliptical (LE) in healthy runners. Joint kinematics and metabolic parameters of 16 runners were collected during all 3 modalities using motion capture and a metabolic system, respectively. Sagittal knee range of motion (ROM) was greater in LE (P < .001) and SE (P < .001) compared with TR. Frontal and transverse plane hip ROM were greater in LE compared with SE (P < .001) and TR (P < .001). Contralateral pelvic drop ROM was smaller in SE compared with TR (P = .002) and LE (P = .005). Similar oxygen consumption was found during LE and TR (P = .39), but LE (P < .001) and TR (P < .001) required greater oxygen consumption than SE. Although LE yields similar metabolic cost to TR and produces hip kinematics that may help strengthen hip abductors, greater knee flexion and abduction during LE may increase symptoms in runners with anterior knee pain. The findings suggest that research on the implications of elliptical exercise for injured runners is needed.
Oral Fluids as a Live-Animal Sample Source for Evaluating Cross-Reactivity and Cross-Protection following Intranasal Influenza A Virus Vaccination in Pigs
Authors: Hughes Holly R. , Vincent Amy L. , Brockmeier Susan L. , Gauger Phillip C. , Pena Lindomar , Santos Jefferson , Braucher Douglas R. , Perez Daniel R. , Loving Crystal L.
Published: September 2015

In North American swine, there are numerous antigenically distinct H1 influenza A virus (IAV) variants currently circulating, making vaccine development difficult due to the inability to formulate a vaccine that provides broad cross-protection. Experimentally, live-attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines demonstrate increased cross-protection compared to inactivated vaccines. However, there is no standardized assay to predict cross-protection following LAIV vaccination. Hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody in serum is the gold standard correlate of protection following IAV vaccination. LAIV vaccination does not induce a robust serum HI antibody titer; however, a local mucosal antibody response is elicited. Thus, a live-animal sample source that could be used to evaluate LAIV immunogenicity and cross-protection is needed. Here, we evaluated the use of oral fluids (OF) and nasal wash (NW) collected after IAV inoculation as a live-animal sample source in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to predict cross-protection in comparison to traditional serology. Both live-virus exposure and LAIV vaccination provided heterologous protection, though protection was greatest against more closely phylogenetically related viruses. IAV-specific IgA was detected in NW and OF samples and was cross-reactive to representative IAV from each H1 cluster. Endpoint titers of cross-reactive IgA in OF from pigs exposed to live virus was associated with heterologous protection. While LAIV vaccination provided significant protection, LAIV immunogenicity was reduced compared to live-virus exposure. These data suggest that OF from pigs inoculated with wild-type IAV, with surface genes that match the LAIV seed strain, could be used in an ELISA to assess cross-protection and the antigenic relatedness of circulating and emerging IAV in swine.
Referral outcomes of attendances at general practitioner led urgent care centres in London, England: retrospective analysis of hospital administrative data
Authors: Cowling Thomas E , Ramzan Farzan , Ladbrooke Tim , Millington Hugh , Majeed Azeem , Gnani Shamini
Published: September 2015

Objective

To identify patient and attendance characteristics that are associated with onwards referral to co-located emergency departments (EDs) or other hospital specialty departments from general practitioner (GP) led urgent care centres (UCCs) in northwest London, England.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of administrative data recorded in the UCCs at Charing Cross and Hammersmith Hospitals, in northwest London, from October 2009 to December 2012. Attendances made by adults resident in England were included. Logistic regression was used to model the associations between the explanatory variables—age; sex; ethnicity; socioeconomic status; area of residence; distance to UCC; GP registration; time, day, quarter, year; and UCC of attendance—and the outcome of onwards referral to the co-located EDs or other hospital specialty departments.

Results

Of 243 042 included attendances, 74.1% were managed solely within the UCCs without same day referral to the EDs (16.8%) or other hospital specialty departments (5.7%), or deferred referral to a fracture, hand management or soft tissue injury management clinic (3.3%). The adjusted odds of onwards referral was estimated to increase by 19% (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.19) for a 10 year increase in a patient's age. Men, patients registered with a GP and residents of less socioeconomically deprived areas were also more likely to be referred onwards from the UCCs.

Conclusions

The majority of patients, across each category of all explanatory variables, were managed solely within the UCCs, although a large absolute number of patients were referred onwards each year. Several characteristics of patients and their attendances were associated with the outcome variable.
MEASURING THE JOINT DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD’S INCOME, CONSUMPTION AND WEALTH USING NESTED GENERALIZED MEAN
Authors: RUIZ NICOLAS
Published: September 2015

Following recommendations from the Stiglitz et al. (2009) Commission, this paper proposes the use of a new methodology to measure the joint distribution of households’ income, consumption and wealth. Based on a multi-dimensional extension of the generalized mean framework, the paper justifies the application of this methodology based on a set of standard and acknowledged properties. The derived multi-dimensional index has an intuitive structure, which allows evaluating the overall material conditions of households under different perspectives and with varying sensitivity to distributional issues. Under its general form, the index encompasses a class of sub-indices that impose various restrictions on its parameters; the paper discusses the extent to which different restrictions on parameters affect the multi-dimensional assessments of various population groups, and provides some empirical illustrations using those different specifications. The question addressed by the multi-dimensional measure presented here is whether the joint consideration of household income, consumption and wealth modifies substantially the picture of material living standards of different individuals and groups relative to the one provided by income alone. Based on the dataset used here, the paper provides strong evidence on the importance of such a multi-dimensional assessment.
Complete integrability of geodesic motion in Sasaki–Einstein toric Yp,q spaces
Authors: Babalic Elena Mirela , Visinescu Mihai
Published: September 2015

We construct explicitly the constants of motion for geodesics in the five-dimensional Sasaki–Einstein spaces [Formula: see text]. To carry out this task, we use the knowledge of the complete set of Killing vectors and Killing–Yano tensors on these spaces. In spite of the fact that we generate a multitude of constants of motion, only five of them are functionally independent implying the complete integrability of geodesic flow on [Formula: see text] spaces. In the particular case of the homogeneous Sasaki–Einstein manifold [Formula: see text] the integrals of motion have simpler forms and the relations between them are described in detail.
Transmittal properties of a superconductor-ferromagnetic metamaterial subjected to magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets
Authors: Liu H. , Li X. T. , Zhou P. B. , Zhang H. , Yang C. , Ma G. T. , Wang R. , Chen H. , Wang Z. , Li N. , Zhang L.
Published: September 2015

Superconductor-ferromagnetic (FN) metamaterial with effective magnetic shielding and transmittal properties that allow the cloaking and transferring of static magnetic fields has been introduced. Most metamaterials consist of different arrangements of superconducting and ferromagnetic materials whose performance and feasibility mainly depend on the involved materials, their geometrical distribution and the permeability of each. In this paper, combining the method of transformation optics with the design of metamaterials, we experimentally demonstrated a superconductor-FM metamaterial system, composed of two coaxial cylinders of different lengths, to investigate the influence of the length and the properties of superconducting material on the magnetic transferring properties of the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnets. By comparing the transmittal magnetic field of different cases, the optimal structure has been ultimately achieved in terms of calculating the transmitted magnetic field ratios. The insights attained by the present study are aimed to provide useful implications for the design of wireless energy transmission and increasing the efficiency of magnetic transmittal devices.
Club convergence of house prices: Evidence from China’s ten key cities
Authors: Meng Hao , Xie Wen-Jie , Zhou Wei-Xing
Published: September 2015

The latest global financial tsunami and its follow-up global economic recession has uncovered the crucial impact of housing markets on financial and economic systems. The Chinese stock market experienced a marked fall during the global financial tsunami and China’s economy has also slowed down by about 2%–3% when measured in GDP. Nevertheless, the housing markets in diverse Chinese cities seemed to continue the almost nonstop mania for more than 10 years. However, the structure and dynamics of the Chinese housing market are less studied. Here, we perform an extensive study of the Chinese housing market by analyzing 10 representative key cities based on both linear and nonlinear econophysical and econometric methods. We identify a common collective driving force which accounts for 96.5% of the house price growth, indicating very high systemic risk in the Chinese housing market. The 10 key cities can be categorized into clubs and the house prices of the cities in the same club exhibit an evident convergence. These findings from different methods are basically consistent with each other. The identified city clubs are also consistent with the conventional classification of city tiers. The house prices of the first-tier cities grow the fastest and those of the third- and fourth-tier cities rise the slowest, which illustrates the possible presence of a ripple effect in the diffusion of house prices among different cities.
Molecular characteristics of H2O in hydrate/ice/liquid water mixture
Authors: Li Qibin , Tang Qizhong , Peng Tiefeng , Zhang Xiaomin , Liu Chao , Shi Xiaoyang
Published: September 2015

The interfacial properties of hydrate and its ambient play an important role in hydrate technique. In this paper, the molecular characteristics of H2O in hydrate/ice/liquid water mixture system are investigated based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The structure I (sI) methane hydrate is partially heated to obtain the studied system. The properties including hydrogen bond, radial distribution function (RDF) and F3 order parameter (tetrahedral coordinated parameter of H2O) indicate that there is little difference of water structure in the hydrate region and ice/liquid water mixture region. The F4 order parameter (parameter based on H–O–O–H torsion angles of H2O) could be used to distinguish the different region. The value of F4 experiences the continuous change at interface between mixture region and hydrate region.
Back-to-back correlations of boson–antiboson pairs for anisotropic expanding sources
Authors: Zhang Yong , Yang Jing , Zhang Wei-Ning
Published: September 2015

In the hot and dense hadronic sources formed in high energy heavy-ion collisions, the particle interactions in medium might lead to a measurable back-to-back correlation (BBC) of boson–antiboson pairs. We calculate the BBC functions of ϕϕ and K+K-for anisotropic expanding sources. The dependences of the BBC on the particle momentum and source expanding velocity are investigated. The results indicate that the BBC functions increase with the magnitude of particle momentum and exhibit an obvious dependence on the direction of the momentum for the anisotropic sources. As the source expanding velocity decreases, the BBC function decreases when the particle momentum is approximately perpendicular to the source velocity, and the BBC function increases when the particle momentum is approximately parallel to the source velocity.
Critical behavior of the spontaneous polarization and the dielectric susceptibility close to the cubic-tetragonal transition in BaTiO3
Authors: Yurtseven H. , Oğuz F.
Published: September 2015

Using Landau mean field model, the spontaneous polarization and the dielectric susceptibility are analyzed as functions of temperature and pressure close to the cubic–tetragonal (ferroelectric–paraelectric) transition in [Formula: see text]. From the analysis of the dielectric susceptibility and the spontaneous polarization, the critical exponents are deduced in the classical and quantum limits for [Formula: see text]. From the critical behavior of the dielectric susceptibility, the spontaneous polarization can be described for the ferroelectric–paraelectric (cubic to tetragonal) transition between 4 and 8 GPa at constant temperatures of 0 to 200 K in [Formula: see text] within the Landau mean field model given here.
The Palaeoproterozoic global carbon cycle: insights from the Loch Maree Group, NW Scotland
Authors: Kerr Gemma B. , Prave Anthony R. , Martin Adam P. , Fallick Anthony E. , Brasier Alexander T. , Park R. Graham
Published: September 2015

Two Palaeoproterozoic events have particularly interested Earth scientists. These are the global Lomagundi–Jatuli Event, the greatest magnitude positive carbonate carbon isotope excursion in Earth history, and the Shunga Event, the world’s largest organic carbon burial event. Analysis of newly acquired high-resolution C–O isotope data and U–Pb zircon geochronology refine understanding of carbon isotope characteristics and timing of deposition of the Palaeoproterozoic Loch Maree Group of NW Scotland. Petrographic examination reveals a basal unconformity between the Loch Maree Group and Archaean basement, permitting a stratigraphy and younging direction to be assigned. Detrital zircon ages from immediately above the unconformity are dated at
c
. 2.3 Ga. δ
13
C
carbonate
data on two temporally discrete carbonate packages range from
c
. +15 to 2‰ in the older unit and
c
. 2 to −5‰ in the younger carbonate unit. Current age constraints indicate that the Loch Maree Group is too young to be fully coeval with the Lomagundi–Jatuli Event but is within the age range of the Shunga Event. This revives consideration of a straightforward mass-balance process involving burial of organic carbon as an explanation for at least some of the C-cycle perturbations of Palaeoproterozoic time.

Supplementary Material:

Sample descriptions from the Loch Maree Group, geochemical data, sample preparation and geochronology data are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18865
.
Reappraisal of Early Cretaceous highly enriched mantle beneath the Dabie Orogen: evidence from mineralogy and geochemistry of the Xiaohekou complex
Authors: Zhang Jin-Yang , Ma Chang-Qian , Li Jian-Wei , Pan Yuan Ming
Published: September 2015

An Early Cretaceous highly enriched mantle beneath the Dabie Orogen, previously proposed on the basis of exceedingly enriched isotopic signatures documented in intermediate–mafic–ultramafic complexes, has been re-evaluated by new field, mineralogical and geochemical data from the best exposed Xiaohekou complex. The Xiaohekou complex consists of three pyroxenite cores intruded by olivine gabbronorite dykes and successively surrounded outward by gabbroic rocks, leucogabbros and monzonites. Textural and compositional data for pyroxenes and plagioclase as well as whole-rock geochemistry suggest two-stage crystallizations. The Sr–Nd isotopic values correlate with the SiO
2
and MgO contents, and one gabbronorite sample from the margin of the complex has sodic plagioclase and highly enriched Sr–Nd isotopic ratios, also pointing to fractional crystallizations and crustal contamination. One gabbro sample from the centre of the complex and three from olivine gabbronorite dykes have the lowest Sr but highest Nd isotopic values close to those of typical Enriched Mantle I (EMI). These data together with isotopic and MELTS modelling suggest that an EMI-like mantle source plus crustal assimilation and crystallization can explain all field, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the Xiaohekou complex, without the need to invoke a mantle source more enriched than EMI beneath the Dabie Orogen.

Supplementary materials:

Compositions of pyroxenes, feldspars, hornblende, olivine and biotite, and whole-rock major element oxides, trace element and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions from selected samples in the Xiaohekou complex are provided as .rtf files at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18856
.
The short-chain fatty acid receptor, FFA2, contributes to gestational glucose homeostasis
Authors: Fuller Miles , Priyadarshini Medha , Gibbons Sean M. , Angueira Anthony R. , Brodsky Michael , Hayes M. Geoffrey , Kovatcheva-Datchary Petia , Bäckhed Fredrik , Gilbert Jack A. , Lowe William L. , Layden Brian T.
Published: September 2015

The structure of the human gastrointestinal microbiota can change during pregnancy, which may influence gestational metabolism; however, a mechanism of action remains unclear. Here we observed that in wild-type (WT) mice the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased during pregnancy. Along with these changes, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are mainly produced through gut microbiota fermentation, significantly changed in both the cecum and peripheral blood throughout gestation in these mice. SCFAs are recognized by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as free fatty acid receptor-2 (FFA2), and we have previously demonstrated that the fatty acid receptor-2 gene ( Ffar2) expression is higher in pancreatic islets during pregnancy. Using female Ffar2−/− mice, we explored the physiological relevance of signaling through this GPCR and found that Ffar2-deficient female mice developed fasting hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in the setting of impaired insulin secretion compared with WT mice during, but not before, pregnancy. Insulin tolerance tests were similar in Ffar2−/− and WT mice before and during pregnancy. Next, we examined the role of FFA2 in gestational β-cell mass, observing that Ffar2−/− mice had diminished gestational expansion of β-cells during pregnancy. Interestingly, mouse genotype had no significant impact on the composition of the gut microbiome, but did affect the observed SCFA profiles, suggesting a functional difference in the microbiota. Together, these results suggest a potential link between increased Ffar2 expression in islets and the alteration of circulating SCFA levels, possibly explaining how changes in the gut microbiome contribute to gestational glucose homeostasis.
Biology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Critelli Rosina Maria , De Maria Nicola , Villa Erica
Published: September 2015

This chapter focuses on the identification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) molecular signatures and the potentials of these signatures in prediction of HCC prognosis and driving of HCC therapeutic treatments. Progress in molecular profiling studies using DNA-microarray-based gene expression profiling has provided new insight about HCC pathogenesis, and gene signatures that can distinguish tumor subtypes assist clinical staging and predict patient outcomes. This provides the possibility to improve the stratification of HCC patients at a molecular level and, in the near future, will be potential in paving the way for tailored medicine in HCC patients.