bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Response to Diuron Applied at the 3- and 4- Leaf Pair Stage of Development
Authors: Grichar W. James , Dotray Peter A.
Published: January 2025

Aims: Studies were conducted to evaluate sesame response to diuron at 1X (1.12 kg ha-1), 2X (2.24 kg ha-1), and 4X (4.48 kg ha-1) the labeled US rate applied at 3- or 4 leaf pair growth stage. 
Study Design:  Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of three diuron rates (1.12, 2.24, and 4.48 kg ha-1) and two application timings (3-leaf pair or 4-leaf pair).  An untreated check was included in each study with 3-4 replications depending on location.
Place and Duration of Study: In south-central Texas near Yoakum (29.2765o N; -97.1237o W) and the High Plains of Texas near New Deal (33.7354o N; -101.7369o W) during the 2022 growing season.
Methodology: Sesame variety ‘S-4302’ was seeded 1.0 to 2.0 cm deep under conventionally tilled conditions.  Weeds were controlled either by hand-hoeing or with the use of postemegence herbicides. Plot size was two rows (76 cm apart) by 8.9 m at Yoakum and four rows (101 cm apart) by 9.5 m at New Deal.  At New Deal, only the two middle rows were sprayed and the other rows were untreated and served as buffers. Sesame was harvested with a small plot combine. An analysis of variance was performed using the ANOVA procedure for SAS to evaluate the significance of herbicides and application timing on sesame response and yield.  Fisher’s Protected LSD (0.05) was used for separation of mean differences. 
Results: Sesame stunting was evident at both locations and increased as diuron rate increased.  Stand reductions were noted at Yoakum as diuron at 4.48 kg ha-1 resulted in a 9% stand reduction compared with <1% with diuron at 1.12 or 2.24 kg ha-1.  Also, application timing had an effect on sesame growth. 
Conclusion: Sesame yields decreased as the diuron rate increased at the High Plains location but not the south-central Texas location while application timing had no effect at either location.
CONSTRUÇÃO DAS NARRATIVAS PELAS EMPRESAS DE PLATAFORMA: IMPACTOS NA PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Maiello Maria Cristina , De Farias Luiz Alberto , Frazon Terra Carolina
Published: January 2025

Este artigo, baseado na apresentação feita no Grupo de Pesquisa Comunicação e Trabalho, no 46º Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências da Comunicação, em 2023, problematiza como a construção de narrativas em torno do trabalho por plataforma impacta a formação da opinião pública e o bem-estar social dos trabalhadores. Reflete sobre a articulação entre discurso e assimetrias no âmbito laboral dissimuladas pelo véu da tecnicidade. O texto suscita a reflexão sobre as retóricas em torno do trabalho digital e as implicações dos agenciamentos sociotécnicos utilizados pelas empresas, que emergem com uma roupagem discursiva de disrupção, de autonomia e de empreendedorismo, mas revelam-se como forma de sustentação do controle, do corte de custos e da precarização do trabalho. Por meio de uma metodologia pautada em pesquisa bibliográfica, traz, adicionalmente e com intencionalidade, a título de ilustração, exemplos de conteúdos das empresas de plataforma brasileiras como maneira de suavizar os discursos negativos em torno de seus negócios. A discussão se dedica à utilização da narrativa como forma de legitimação da supremacia do capital sobre o trabalho, que influencia a formação da opinião pública.
Modelling Covid-19 Transmissions and Vaccine Response in An Age-Structured Population
Authors: Obakesa Ogwede, Daniel , Umar M.A. , Oduwole H.K.
Published: January 2025

This research presents an age-structured Susceptible-Vaccinated-Exposed-AsymptomaticSymptomatic-Hospitalized (SVEASH) COVID-19 model that accounts for age-dependent recruitment and
transmission rates, contact ratios, and multiple infection forces. It assumes perfect vaccination that guarantees
permanent immunity. The study explores the mathematical properties of the model, determining the existence of
equilibrium and the local stability of the disease-free equilibrium (𝐸
0
). The basic reproduction number R0, a key
threshold for stability, is calculated as a weighted average from both asymptomatic and symptomatic infection
classes. Using the Laplace transform, the model is solved analytically, and simulations show that vaccinating up
to 85% of the global population between ages 0-80 significantly reduces the disease's peak and shortens the
epidemic's duration. The research also highlights the importance of vaccinating not only susceptible and hospitalized individuals but also those who have recovered, further aiding in controlling the outbreak.
What Is Important To Patients?
Authors: Narayan Ms. Sulabh , Rajawat Dr. Anshul
Published: January 2025

.
Relationship Between Public Companies And Trademark Registration
Authors: Silva Gracielly Pereira Da , De-Bortoli Robélius
Published: January 2025

Every public company should have its own brand or visual identity. This is a retrospective analysis of the
relationship between the number of public companies in Brazil and the number of trademarks registered with
the INPI. The objective is to identify the relationship between the dependent variables “Public Companies” and
“Trademark Registration” in a 10-year time frame. Secondary, open data were accessed on the list of public
companies in the period from 2012 to 2022 and the volume of trademarks registered in the period from 2019 to
2019. The main results indicate an upward trend in new registered companies and a downward trend in
trademark registration. No positive relationship was found between the registration of new companies and trademark registration
Bodo Identity Assertion And Revitalisation Of Bathou Faith: A Study On Tribal Politics, Political Configurations And New Claims.
Authors: Narzary Jayashree
Published: January 2025

Bathou worship is claimed to incorporate the philosophy of the Bodos. Throughout its history, the community
has experienced different waves of changes in its socio-cultural landscape. There are various local site-specific
ritualistic articulations within the community. Before the waves of ‘reformation’, ‘identity assertion’ and
‘revitalisation’, the variations were based on fluid everyday lived realities and exchanges. But now we see the
institutionalized and standardized manifestations of them in the multiple Bathou sects followed by people. In the
context of Bathou worship, the changes in the cultural landscape is based on the relationalities between trends of ‘revitalisation’, Bodo identity assertion, current political configurations and new claims.
The Paradox Of Dark Leadership: Short-Term Gains And Long-Term Consequences
Authors: Michel Alain Jassen
Published: January 2025

Dark leadership, defined by traits such as narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy, has drawn increasing
attention for its significant influence on organizational dynamics. This paper investigates the origins and
evolution of dark leadership, assessing both its advantages and disadvantages. It explores connections to
established leadership and behavioral theories while also delving into broader psychological frameworks that
illuminate the development of dark traits and their impact on decision-making and ethical behavior. The paper
emphasizes the multifaceted implications of dark leadership, calling for more refined management practices and
policy interventions. Additionally, it explores the significant impact of dark leadership on leaders, organizations, and stakeholders, offering insights for those seeking to minimize its negative effects through strategic organizational practices and ethical interventions.
Literacy And Reading: Incorporating Playful Activities Into The Teaching-Learning Process In The Early Years Of Elementary Education
Authors: Fernandes Kanidja Estrela , Maciel Maria De Fátima Martins , Santos David Bastida , Silva Helen Batista , Figueiredo Audilene De Andrade
Published: January 2025

This work focuses on the literacy and learning process in Brazil, emphasizing the importance of introducing
playfulness into this process during the early years of elementary education. The main objective is to understand
the role of playfulness in the literacy process in the early years of elementary education. Methodologically, this
is a bibliographic research study, conducted through data collection from the Latin American and Caribbean
Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) database and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
(BDTD). To extract studies from these databases, the following descriptors were cross-referenced: Illiteracy,
Early Years, Elementary Education. The boolean operator and was used for this cross-referencing. The inclusion
criteria for the research were: scientific articles, monographs, dissertations, and theses that were complete,
addressed the topic, were in Portuguese, freely accessible, and published between 2018 and 2023. The theoretical
framework of the research covered two distinct points: the first addresses the panorama of literacy in Brazil, and
the second discusses the importance of playfulness for teaching and learning in the early years. From this, it is
possible to conclude that playfulness plays a significant role in student learning during the early years of
elementary education. This is particularly relevant in the first three years, as it is crucial for children to feel
comfortable exploring the new reality presented to them. Therefore, it seems essential that teachers integrate
playfulness into the literacy and learning process, enabling children to develop a passion for reading and writing, driven by the interest and curiosity sparked by playful activities included in this process.
Changing Perspectives Of Indian Identity Politics
Authors: Biswas Mithun
Published: January 2025

The growing terrain of Indian identity politics is characterised by a shifting viewpoint, wherein conventional
understandings of identity, frequently based on religious, caste, and regional affiliations, are undergoing
redefinition and transformation due to contemporary influences such as globalisation, urbanisation, and the
advent of social media. The aforementioned process is contributing to the development of a more intricate
comprehension of Indian identity, characterised by a growing focus on matters pertaining to inclusiveness,
diversity, and cultural pluralism. As India undergoes these transformations, its political sphere is experiencing the rise of novel perspectives and social movements that question existing power dynamics and promote a vision of Indian identity politics that is characterised by inclusivity and fairness
Ceará, The Federation Of Industries Of The State Of Ceará (FIEC), And Green Hydrogen Production: A Global Benchmark In Energy Transition And Economic Decarbonization
Authors: Barbosa M. Sc. Márcio Carneiro , Gomes Prof. Dr. (Tít. Cult.) Rickardo Léo Ramos
Published: January 2025

Background: Global warming is already a reality on the planet, with climate change and extreme weather events
occurring with unprecedented frequency. One of the solutions lies in the decarbonization of the economy through
the use of green hydrogen, which requires renewable energy sources. Ceará has the potential to become a
provider of this global solution.
Materials and Methods: The chosen methodology is characterized by a qualitative approach. The research
methods utilized were bibliographic and documentary. The general objective is to explain how the State of Ceará
has become a global reference in the production of green hydrogen, contributing to the energy transition and the
decarbonization of the global economy.
Results: The research confirms that the geographic conditions and the role played by FIEC position the State as
a potential supplier of the fuel of the future. Conclusion: Ceará's advancements in green hydrogen production highlight its strategic importance in addressing global energy challenges and promoting sustainable development.
Transforming Workforce Training For Emerging Technologies: A Sectoral Approach
Authors: Adegbite Adeola O.
Published: January 2025

Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and automation are
transforming workforce dynamics, creating significant shifts in skill requirements across various sectors. This
article examines the impact of these technologies on the healthcare, education, and hospitality industries,
highlighting their specific training needs to adapt to rapid technological advancements. The article proposes
comprehensive, sector-specific training frameworks to address skills gaps, improve adaptability, and ensure
innovation by analyzing current trends and challenges. Drawing from case studies, it emphasizes the benefits of
properly designed workforce development programs, including enhanced operational efficiency, increased
employee retention, and strengthened inclusion and diversity. The findings call for greater investment in inclusive, technology-driven training initiatives and global collaboration to ensure workforce resilience
Human Capital Disclosure Practices: A Case Of Select Indian Companies
Authors: Goswami Dr. Mitra , Pyne Anandi Sarkar
Published: January 2025

In the contemporary knowledge-driven economy, human capital has emerged as a critical intangible asset that
significantly influences organizational success. Human capital disclosure (HCD) practices provide insights into
workforce-related information such as training, remuneration, workplace safety, and diversity, which are
increasingly prioritized by investors and other stakeholders. Its disclosure fosters transparency, enhances
stakeholder trust, and strengthens organizational competitiveness.
The study is an attempt to analyze the extent of human capital disclosure, identify component-wise variations,
and evaluate trends in reporting practices. This study examines HCD practices among India’s top five
multinational corporations based on market capitalization, Reliance Industries Ltd., Tata Consultancy Services
Ltd., HDFC Bank Ltd., Infosys Ltd. and Hindustan Unilever Ltd. over a decade, 2012–2022. A content analysis
methodology was employed, utilizing a Human Capital Disclosure Index (HCDI) comprising 32 items categorized
into six components: staff breakdown, training and development, remuneration and benefits, safety and health at
work, HR policies, and HR culture. The disclosure levels were assessed using a 4-point scale based on
comprehensiveness and clarity.
The findings reveal a positive trend in HCD practices, with increasing transparency over the study period. HDFC
Bank Ltd. achieved the highest overall disclosure score. Remuneration and benefits emerged as the most disclosed
component across all firms, highlighting employee welfare schemes, provident fund contributions, and incentives.
Conversely, items like rate of staff turnover, post-training evaluations, and cost of workplace illness remained
underreported. Firms such as Infosys and HDFC Bank showcased initiatives like gender-specific training
programs and health enhancement measures, reflecting progressive HCD practices. However, significant
inconsistencies persist across firms and components, emphasizing the need for standardized disclosure frameworks. This study highlights the evolving nature of HCD in India while identifying critical gaps in reporting practices
L'identité Sociale : Interactions Verbales Et Non Verbales En Jeu
Authors: Iazza Aicha , Boumazzou Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Le présent article se veut une réflexion sur la façon dont un individu se perçoit et se définit en relation avec les
groupes sociaux auxquels il appartient. L’identité sociale se construit à travers des interactions sociales où les
éléments verbaux et non verbaux jouent un rôle fondamental. Ces interactions, qu'elles soient conscientes ou
inconscientes, contribuent à la manière dont les individus se positionnent dans le monde social et se font
reconnaître par les autres.
L'identité n'est pas un élément statique, mais un processus dynamique qui se forge à travers les interactions
sociales, qui, à leur tour, sont influencées par les identités sociales des individus. Sachant que la
communication humaine est une communication multimodale qui s’appuie sur l’échange des signes verbaux et
non-verbauxβ, d’où l’interaction humaine devient un fait global dans lequel les différents canaux de
communication s'associent pour créer le sens.
L’homme, pour transmettre ses idées, ses impressions, ses états émotionnels ou autres n’utilise pas seulement le
langage, il utilise également des signes qui prennent corps dans les βgestes, les mimiques, les expressions
faciales, les couleurs, ou les vêtements.
Dans cette perspective, cette contribution, accorde une importance au corpus qui fera l’objet d’une analyse des
signes non verbaux qui, avec les signes verbaux, et loin d'être séparées, se complètent et interagissent pour donner sens aux rapports sociaux et à la place de l’individu dans son environnement donnés.
Traditional Cuisine Of Kashmir: The Wazwan
Authors: Sareer Dr. Mustafa
Published: January 2025

The Wazwan is an iconic feature of Kashmiri cuisine, representing the region's rich cultural and culinary
heritage. This traditional multi-course feast is an important social and cultural practice among Kashmiri
Muslims, particularly during festive occasions such as weddings and religious gatherings. The Wazwan is an
intricate blend of flavors, textures, and cooking techniques that has been passed down through generations. This paper explores the origins, significance, preparation methods, and cultural impact of Wazwan, with a focus on its role as a symbol of Kashmiri hospitality and its unique culinary traditions
“Bridging Pages And Screens: The Art Of Adapting Literature Into Film”
Authors: . .
Published: January 2025

.
“Military Museums And Military Tourism In Greece. A Preliminary Geopolitical Approach”
Authors: Katiniotis Dimitrios , Botsis Miltiadis
Published: January 2025

This article initially, examines qualitatively the recent developed project of Greek Military Tourism, in the
context of a relevant memorandum of cooperation, signed at Athens in 2021. Then it studies the proposed
network of war museums and monuments in Greece. Afterwards it observes whether the design and
implementation of the above mentioned project, beyond its developmental and cultural characteristics, can
maintain sufficient geopolitical dynamics, in favor of Greece in the Balkan complex.
Introduction:
Background: According to four informative maps (png files, scale 1: 100.000) of the Greek territory, uploaded
at the official website of the War Museum of Athens, in early 2024, a network of museums, monuments, natural
sites and military cemeteries, is shaped. The strong interest and will by the half of the Greek state, to organize
and develop the special form of Military Tourism in Greece is evident.
Method: The article attempts a preliminary geopolitical assessment, through Systemic Geopolitical Analysis,
regarding the potential qualitative contribution of Military Tourism to the pillars of Greece's geopolitical
power. The research area focuses on the Greek regions that are under pressure from neighboring state actors
on the northern borders on issues regarding economy, minorities, cultural heritage, etc.
Conclusion: War museums concern the stories of peoples who paid a high price for the freedom and
sovereignty of their homeland. They preserve the historical memory and forge national unity by connecting the
past with the present and future of a place. Since their management is state-owned, a coordinated and scientific approach is required in order these museums, and subsequently Military Tourism, to become fields of action for the amplification of Greece, on multiple levels
Fire Detection System
Authors: Elmajdoub Dr. Naser Farag
Published: January 2025

The most Improtant; How to knowMethods of fire detect or overheat Conditions and one of the most dangerous
threats to an aircraft, either in The detectors flight or on ground. fors are placed in Conditions, the detectors
should be placed in the Vario be monitored, to be reciprocating More Zones 1, as fires are detected in engine
aircraft using of the overheat detectors, one or Rate of temperature rise detectors and observation by crew!
members, In addition to those methods. other types of detectors are used seldom used to detect engine fire
protection systems and but are seldom used to detect letect engine eng fire, as Smoke detectors are better suited to monitor areas such as baggage Compartment's and the other types of detectors is or include Carbon monoxide detectors.
Sustainable Development And Performance Evaluation Of Geopolymer Concrete (GPC): A Comprehensive Study
Authors: S.M Mr. Naveen Kumar , N Rahul , . Manuvijay
Published: January 2025

GPC presents an environmentally friendly substitute for conventional OPC concrete that makes use of industrial
byproducts such fly ash and GGBS to significantly reduce CO2 emissions. This study investigates GPC material
properties, mix design, and performance, emphasizing its superior mechanical strength, durability, and
environmental benefits. Various GPC mixtures were evaluated using compressive and tensile strength tests, with
results indicating enhanced performance with increased sodium hydroxide molarity and the inclusion of GGBS.
Effective curing methods, including ambient and oven curing, were employed, demonstrating GPC viability in modern construction. The findings support GPC potential as a robust, eco-friendly building material.
Research On The Diagnosis And Treatment Methods Of Rotating Mechanical Vibration In Nuclear Power Plant Commissioning Period
Authors: Tao Shuai , Zhang Chaoxu , Wang Zhi , Guo Mingyu , Ding Yifei
Published: January 2025

During the commissioning period of nuclear power plants, vibration problems occurred frequently. In this paper,
a certain nuclear power plant was taken as the analysis object. It was found that adopting reasonable vibration
diagnosis and treatment methods is conducive to accurately locating and solving vibration problems of rotating machinery, such as false feet, insufficient stiffness, resonance, and misalignment, with less economic and time investment, thereby ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power plants.
Effectiveness Of Aromatherapy In Healthcare Professionals During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review Protocol Of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: De Faria Jane Grace Andrade , Freitas Noélle De Oliveira , Belizário Viviane Fernandes De Carvalho , Oliveira Alfredo Almeida Pina De , Kron-Rodrigues Meline Rossetto
Published: January 2025

Background: Aromatherapy is an integrative and complementary practice that uses volatile concentrates
extracted from plants, called Essential Oils, which are natural, complex and highly volatile chemical compounds,
characterized by a strong aroma and produced as secondary metabolites of aromatic plants and have been
associated with better health outcomes, such as reduced blood pressure, anxiety and stress. In this context, this
protocol aims to identify the effectiveness of the use of aromatherapy in health professionals in combating Covid19.
Materials and Methods: Systematic review protocol prepared according to the Cochrane methodology. Protocol
published in Prospero (CRD42024508246) and its writing followed the PRISMA checklist guidelines. The
PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE and LILACS databases will be consulted until December 2023 using the
health descriptors “Aromatherapy”, “Health Personnel” and “COVID-19”. Randomized clinical trials that
reported metrics associated with sleep quality, quality of life and anxiety and used aromatherapy will be included.
Reviewers will independently screen eligible articles; extract data and assess risk of bias using the RoB 2.0 tool.
Meta-analysis will be contemplated with random-effects models and the Mantel-Haenszel method. Associations
will be reported as relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Review Manager (RevMan)
software will be used for the analyses. The quality of evidence will be assessed according to the Grading of
Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.
Results: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many healthcare professionals who have been on the front lines
in healthcare institutions. Identifying the effectiveness of aromatherapy is necessary to assist these professionals
who have a high work demand.
Conclusion: Knowledge about the effectiveness of the use of aromatherapy represented by the assessment of sleep
quality, quality of life and anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic will encourage new complementary studies on the subject, in addition to providing subsidies and data to assist in the creation and development of periodic monitoring programs for the health of workers working in health institutions
Influence Of Nurse-Led Sexuality Education On Knowledge, Perception And Risk Of Teenage Pregnancy Among Female Adolescents In Secondary Schools In Osogbo, Osun State
Authors: M.O Oladeji, , C Igodo, , F. M Afolabi, , A. J Oderinde,
Published: January 2025

The journey to motherhood often presents a myriad of challenges across every facet of life for experienced adult
women, let alone female adolescents who come into motherhood with appropriate plan. The study examine
influence of Nurse-led sex-education on knowledge, perception and risk of teenage pregnancy among female
adolescents in Secondary Schools in Osogbo. This study adopted quasi-experimental design of pre and postintervention type and was conducted among female adolescents attending senior secondary schools in Osogbo,
Osun State, Nigeria. A sample size 165 respondents were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques. All
respondents were subjected to constructive nurse-led intervention, devoid of bias for one hour, before preinterventional assessment, using structural questionnaire, while post interventional assessment was also
conducted four weeks after using the same instrument. Data collected from the selected respondents were
analyzed using frequency and valid percent aspect of descriptive statistics. Finding revealed that, there was a
significant increase in percentage of respondents with good knowledge and positive perception during postintervention (56.2% and 51.3%) compare with during pre-intervention (37.2% and 37.5%). Also the rate of
respondents with high risk of pregnancy reduced during post-intervention (30.6%) compare with during preintervention (67.3%). The study concluded that, adequate intervention is needed to reduce the prevalence of
teenage pregnancy in Nigeria. The study recommended that, health workers need to routinely organize health talks for students to enlighten them about dangers of teenage pregnancy as well as prevention of teenage pregnancy
Perception Of Simulation Based Learning Among Undergraduate Nursing Students In A Teaching Hospital.
Authors: Khatry Roshani Agrawal , Khadka Nisha , B.C Ritu
Published: January 2025

Background: Simulation-based Learning (SBL) has become an increasingly popular and effective method for
training nursing students. It provides a safe and controlled environment where students can practice their clinical
skills and decision-making abilities in realistic scenarios without the risk of harming real patients. The aim of
this study is to find out the perception of undergraduate nursing students towards simulation-based learning
Materials and Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The total of 142 nursing students
were included. A researcher-developed questionnaire of a five-point Likert Scale and two open ended questions
was used. Results: The result of the study shows that majority of students (79.6%) had favorable perception,
(20.9%) had neutral perception and none had unfavorable perception. The overall perception score of the respondents was 59.97±5.51. Conclusion: A significant number of students expressed favorability towards SBL, indicating its potential for successful implementation in nursing training programs.
Knowledge, Stigma, And Human Rights: Assessing ART Service Experiences Of HIV Positive Individuals In Ondo State
Authors: Justinah Fashanu Adedolapo , Olajumoke Akinniyi Rachel
Published: January 2025

Background: One of the Millennium Development Goals' accomplishments was objective 6A, which intended to
prevent and reverse the spread of HIV by 2015. As of 2014, the number of new HIV infections and AIDS-related
deaths have decreased by 40% and 42%, respectively. The main causes of infection in Nigeria are poor risk
perception, concurrent sexual engagements, and insufficient access to appropriate healthcare services. At the
heart of this is the difficulty of HIV stigma and prejudice, which are a fundamental barrier impeding the national
response to the epidemic. This study aims to assess the knowledge of ART services and the level of stigma and
discrimination and human right violation experiences among HIV positive individuals enrolled in ART clinics in
Ondo State.
Materials and Methods: This study made use of a cross sectional descriptive design involving 432 HIV patients
who attending four ART clinics in Ondo State.
Results: Results showed that knowledge on HIV and ART services was high as more than two third 400 (93%)
knew about unprotected sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, and mother to child transmission. Stigmatization
was also prevalent but there was no association between knowledge and stigmatization.
Conclusion: This study concluded that PLWHA suffer from the burden of HIV-related stigma at a lower level. Robust intervention is needed in the implementation of stigma reduction programs as well as dissemination of information and empowerment
Evaluation De L’efficacité De Fopius Arisanus (Sanon) Contre Bactrocera Dorsalis (Hendel) Dans Le Cadre D’une Lutte Intégrée
Authors: Assogba Rahinatou Rosalie , Diarra Rabiatou A. , Traoré Astan , Sodio Bernard Ambièlè , Coulibaly Amadou
Published: January 2025

Les mangues exportées du Mali sont souvent interceptées aux frontières européennes en raison des mouches de
fruits qui causent des dégâts considérables. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer le taux de parasitisme de
Fopius arisanus sur les œufs de Bactrocera dorsalis au laboratoire dans deux milieux nutritifs. Les dômes de
mangue appelés pondoirs étaient placés dans une boîte de Pétri, introduits dans les cages d’élevage de B.
dorsalis pour la ponte. Six heures après, les dômes de mangues ont été retirés, placés dans une cage d’élevage
de F. arisanus pendant vingt-quatre heures. Le milieu nutritif 1 a été versé sur les pondoirs contenant les œufs
parasités par F. arisanus pour favoriser leur croissance. Un taux d’émergence de 76,27% a été enregistré pour
B. dorsalis. Ce taux d’émergence dans les milieux 1 et 2 est nettement supérieur à celui de F. arisanus soit
respectivement 77,13 et 43,91 contre 10,74% et 4,05%. Il n’existe pas de différence entre le pourcentage des
femelles et mâles dans les deux milieux chez F. arisanus. L’étude révèle que F. arisanus a pu parasiter les œufs de B. dorsalis. Elle permet d’envisager une production en masse de F. arisanus, qui pourraient être lâché dans les vergers pour lutter contre l'espèce B. dorsalis.
Preliminary Study On Biodegradation Of Polyethylene By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Authors: Chandra Srishti , Gothalwal Ragini
Published: January 2025

Background: Plastics, particularly polyethylene, have become indispensable due to their versatility and
durability, but their persistence poses a significant environmental challenge. Conventional plastic waste
management techniques, such as incineration and landfilling, have adverse ecological impacts. Microbial
degradation, particularly using Pseudomonas spp., offers an environmentally sustainable solution.
Pseudomonas spp. are known for their metabolic versatility, ability to thrive in nutrient-deficient environments,
and potential to degrade various plastic polymers. This study aimed to evaluate the biodegradability of
polyethylene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under laboratory conditions.
Materials and Methods: Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films were prepared as circular fragments (18 mm
diameter, 20 mg weight) and sterilized. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was cultured in Luria Bertani broth and
inoculated into Bushnell Haas (BH) broth supplemented with LDPE as the sole carbon source. The
experimental setup included bacterial cultures and control samples without bacterial inoculation. Incubation
was carried out at 37°C with constant shaking for 30 days. Biodegradation was assessed by measuring weight
loss of LDPE films, bacterial growth (OD600 and CFU/mL.
Results: The results demonstrated significant bacterial growth, with an initial adaptation phase followed by
active biodegradation and a plateau. LDPE weight loss in the treatment setup reached approximately 6% after
30 days, compared to negligible weight loss in the control. The findings highlighted the ability of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa to degrade polyethylene, likely through enzymatic mechanisms.
Conclusion: This study confirms the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for polyethylene biodegradation,
offering a sustainable alternative to conventional plastic waste management methods. Further optimization of microbial systems is essential for real-world applications in mitigating plastic pollution.
Monetization Strategies For Content Creators
Authors: Adewunmi Oladapo
Published: January 2025

This paper explores different monetization strategies for content creators, examining methods to generate
sustainable revenue streams in the digital space. The study explores the key strategies including sponsorships
and brand collaborations, merchandising and product sales, and subscription models. Sponsorships offer
opportunities for creators to engage with brands and benefit from targeted marketing while merchandising
leverages personal branding to generate income through branded products. Subscription models provide a
steady revenue stream from dedicated audiences, exemplified by platforms like Patreon and OnlyFans. Each
strategy presents distinct advantages and challenges, necessitating a nuanced understanding of audience
engagement, platform dynamics, and niche markets.
The paper reveals the importance of adaptability and experimentation in optimizing monetization strategies. It
emphasizes the need for creators to remain flexible, diversify income sources, and align their approaches with
platform algorithms and audience preferences to ensure long-term financial stability. By integrating multiple
revenue streams, content creators can enhance their financial resilience and build a sustainable business
model. Finally, the paper suggests areas for future research, including the impact of emerging technologies
such as AI and blockchain on monetization, as well as the influence of global market trends and regulatory
changes. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights for content creators and industry
professionals seeking to solve the complexities of digital revenue generation and achieve enduring success
Mental Health Challenges in Children: A Legal and Policy Analysis.
Authors: Nair Ms. Aswathy
Published: January 2025

Mental health challenges among children have become a pressing global concern, with profound effects on their
emotional well-being, physical health, and societal participation. This research paper presents an in-depth
analysis of the legal and policy frameworks addressing these challenges, focusing on India while drawing
comparisons with international standards. In addition to international frameworks like the United Nations
Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), the study assesses important Indian laws such as the Juvenile
Justice Act, the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses (POCSO) Act, and the Mental Healthcare Act. Case
laws like Bachpan Bachao Andolan v. Union of India and Gaurav Kumar Bansal v. Union of India are analyzed
to illustrate the judiciary's approach to child mental health rights. The paper highlights existing gaps, barriers, and areas requiring reform to promote a child-centered legal response to mental health challenges.
India’s Economy And The Beef Ban: How Has The 2017 Beef In India Impacted The Local Economy?
Authors: Gupta Manavi
Published: January 2025

The 2017 Beef Ban in India, enacted under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, sought to protect cows based
on religious sentiments and claims of promoting agricultural productivity and cultural unity. However, the ban's
implications extend far beyond its stated goals, significantly disrupting India's economy. This paper evaluates the
ban’s impacts across key areas, including agriculture, the meat and leather industries, dairy production, and
public health.
Farmers experienced financial strain as cows transitioned from dual-purpose assets to liabilities, exacerbating
rural poverty. The meat trade suffered revenue losses and layoffs, with India falling in global beef export rankings.
Similarly, the leather industry has suffered from reduced supply, export losses, and rising unemployment,
particularly affecting marginalized communities. Dairy production has stagnated as cattle rearing decreased,
causing milk prices to rise. Public health has worsened for lower-income populations, as the loss of beef as an
affordable protein source has contributed to malnutrition and anaemia. The environment and society have been
affected by loose, unproductive cattle.
Drawing from a synthesis of secondary sources, this study highlights the broad economic and social ramifications of the Beef Ban, providing critical insights for policymakers regarding the unintended consequences of religiously motivated economic reforms.
Interfacility Transfer of Uninsured vs Insured Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in California
Authors: Ward Michael J. , Nikpay Sayeh , Shermeyer Andrew , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. , Rokos Ivan , Self Wesley H. , Hsia Renee Y.
Published: June 2023

Importance

Insurance status has been associated with whether patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presenting to emergency departments are transferred to other facilities, but whether the facility’s percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities mediate this association is unknown.

Objective

To examine whether uninsured patients with STEMI were more likely than patients with insurance to experience interfacility transfer.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This observational cohort study compared patients with STEMI with and without insurance who presented to California emergency departments between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, using the Patient Discharge Database and Emergency Department Discharge Database from the California Department of Health Care Access and Information. Statistical analyses were completed in April 2023.

Exposures

Primary exposures were lack of insurance and facility percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was transfer status from the presenting emergency department of a percutaneous coronary intervention–capable hospital, defined as a facility performing 36 percutaneous coronary interventions per year. Multivariable logistic regression models with multiple robustness checks were performed to determine the association of insurance status with the odds of transfer.

Results

This study included 135 358 patients with STEMI, of whom 32 841 patients (24.2%) were transferred (mean [SD] age, 64 [14] years; 10 100 women [30.8%]; 2542 Asian individuals [7.7%]; 2053 Black individuals [6.3%]; 8285 Hispanic individuals [25.2%]; 18 650 White individuals [56.8%]). After adjusting for time trends, patient factors, and transferring hospital characteristics (including percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities), patients who were uninsured had lower odds of experiencing interfacility transfer than those with insurance (adjusted odds ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98; P = .01).

Conclusions and Relevance

After accounting for a facility’s percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities, lack of insurance was associated with lower odds of emergency department transfer for patients with STEMI. These findings warrant further investigation to understand the characteristics of facilities and outcomes for uninsured patients with STEMI.
Spiroplasmataceae
Authors: Gasparich Gail E. , Brown Daniel R.
Published: June 2023

Spi.ro.plas.ma.ta'.ce.ae. N.L. neut. n.
Spiroplasma
, −
atos
, type genus of the family; −
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Spiroplasmataceae
, the
Spiroplasma
family.

Tenericutes / Mollicutes / Entomoplasmatales / Spiroplasmataceae

Cells are helical (∼300 nm in diameter) during exponential growth, with rotatory, flexional, and translational motility. Genome size is variable: 780–2220 kb. DNA G + C content ranges from 24–31% (mol%). The temperature growth range varies among species from 5 to 41°C, with the optimum usually in the range of 30 to 32°C. Variable sterol requirement for growth. Procedures for determining sterol requirement are as described for the Family
Entomoplasmataceae
. Possess a phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system for glucose uptake. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase activity is located only in the cytoplasm. Unable to synthesize fatty acids from acetate. Hydrolysis of arginine is variable. Other characteristics are as described for the class and order.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 24–31 (
T
m
, Bd).

Type genus
:
Spiroplasma
Saglio et al. 1973
AL
.
Erythrobacteraceae
Authors: Xu Xue‐Wei , Xu Lin , Zhang Yu
Published: June 2023

E.ry.thro.bac.te.ra'ceae. N.L. masc. n.
Erythrobacter
, type genus of the family; L. fem. pl. n. suff. ‐
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Erythrobacteraceae
, the Erythrobacter family.

Pseudomonadota / Alphaproteobacteria / Sphingomonadales / Erythrobacteraceae

Cells are Gram‐stain‐negative rods, cocci, or ellipsoids. Several species are motile. Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. The dominant respiratory quinone is ubiquinone‐10 (Q‐10). The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and glycosphingolipid (SGL). The cellular fatty acid profiles are dominated by unsaturated fatty acids including heptadecenoic acid (C
17 : 1
) and octadecenoic acid (C
18 : 1
). The family forms a monophyletic cluster in neighbor‐joining phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene, while its genus discriminations are based on phylogenomic and genomic similarity analysis. It currently accommodates 19 genera. Members of the family
Erythrobacteraceae
were isolated from various habitats, including marine, terrestrial and freshwater environments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 54–74 (by genome, HPLC or
T
m
).

Type genus
:
Erythrobacter
Shiba and Simidu 1982
VP
.
Photobacterium
Authors: Labella Alejandro M. , Borrego Juan J.
Published: June 2023

Pho.to.bac.te'ri.um. Gr. neut. n.
phôs
, light; Gr. neut. dim. n.
bakterion
, a small rod; N.L. neut. n.
Photobacterium
, light (‐producing) bacterium.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Vibrionales / Vibrionaceae / Photobacterium

The genus
Photobacterium
contains 37 species with validated names and 3 species whose names have not been validated. Cells are short bacilli Gram‐stain negative, and nonsporulated. Facultatively anaerobic. Require NaCl for growth (optimal concentration 1–3%). Several species present bioluminescence. Some of them are piezophilic and others are psychrophilic. Isolated from marine environment (seawater and sediment), associated with aquatic animals (mutualism relationships), but some are pathogens for poikilothermic and homeothermic animals.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 38.5–53.6.

Type species
:
Photobacterium phosphoreum
Beijerinck 1889
AL
(basonym:
Micrococcus phosphoreus
Cohn 1878).
Perexilibacter
Authors: Yokota Akira
Published: June 2023

Pe.rex.i.li.bac'ter. L. adj.
perexilis
, very slender; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
(equivalent of Gr. neut. n.
baktron
), rod or staff; N.L. masc. n.
Perexilibacter
, very slender rod, referring to its cell shape.

Bacteroidota / Flavobacteria / Flavobacteriales / Flammeovirgaceae / Perexilibacter

The genus
Perexilibacter
accommodates a strictly aerobic, Gram‐stain negative, gliding, dull‐orange‐pigmented, rod‐shaped bacterium, which was isolated from marine sediment. The genus
Perexilibacter
belongs to the family
Flammeovirgacee
of the phylum
Bacteroidota. Perexilibacter aurantiacus
could be differentiated phenotypically and physiologically from recognized members of the family
Flammeovirgaceae
. MK‐7 is the major menaquinone and iso‐C
15:0,
C
16:1
ω7
c
,
and C
16:1
ω5
c
are the major fatty acids. Known habitat is marine sediments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 43.0 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Perexilibacter aurantiacus
Yoon et al. 2007
VP
.
Catelliglobosispora
Authors: Trujillo Martha E. , Riesco Raúl
Published: June 2023

Ca.tel.li.glo'bo.si.spo'ra. L. fem. dim. n.
catella
, small chain; L. masc. adj.
globosus
, spherical; Gr. fem. n.
spora
, a seed and in biology a spore; N.L. fem. n.
Catelliglobosispora
, small chain and spherical spores (organism forming).

Actinomycetota / Actinomycetes / Micromonosporales / Micromonosporaceae / Catelliglobosispora

Gram‐stain‐positive, aerobic, filamentous bacteria that produce nonfragmenting, branched vegetative hyphae. Short chains of cylindrical shape, nonmotile spores, and globose bodies arise from the substrate mycelium. Cream to light yellow substrate mycelium is produced but soluble pigments are not reported. Catalase positive and urease negative. Grows between 20–37°C, at pH 6–9, and on media supplemented with 1% NaCl (w/v). Chemoorganotrophic. The diagnostic cell wall amino acid is
meso
‐DAP and MK‐10(H
4
) is the major menaquinone. The genome size is 7.69 Mb and the G + C content of the type strain is 64.4%.

The genus
Catelliglobosispora
comprises only one species,
C. koreensis,
and is phylogenetically related to the genera
Allocatelliglobosispora
,
Allorhizocola
,
Catellatospora
,
Hamadaea
, and
Rhizocola
; all members of the family
Micromonosporaceae
.

DNA G
+
C content
(%): 64.4 (WGS).

Type species
:
Catelliglobosispora koreensis
Ara et al. 2008
VP
emend. Nouioui et al. 2018.
Trinickia
Authors: los Santos Paulina Estrada‐de
Published: June 2023

Tri.nick'i.a. N.L. fem. n.
Trinickia
, formed after M.J. Trinick, an Australian microbiologist who was the first to isolate β‐rhizobia from
Mimosa
.

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Burkholderiaceae / Trinickia

The genus
Trinickia
was established in 2018 grouping a discrete number of species. Members from this genus consist of seven species that have been isolated in the United States, China, Korea, and Brazil. Cells of this group of bacteria are Gram‐stain‐negative, aerobic, and non‐spore‐forming rods. Motility is species‐dependent and can optimally grow in slightly acidic pHs. The major fatty acid is C
16:0
. DNA G + C content is 62.9–64.70%. Known habitats are soil and soil where plants or trees are growing.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
:
62.98–63.50.

Type species
:

Trinickia
symbiotica

Estrada‐de los Santos et al. 2018
VP
.
Gaiellales
Authors: Albuquerque Luciana , Egas Conceição
Published: June 2023

Ga.i.el.la'les. N.L. fem. dim. n.
Gaiella
, type genus of the order; L. fem. pl. n. suff. –
ales
, ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Gaiellales
, the
Gaiella
order.

Actinomycetota / Thermoleophilia / Gaiellales

The order
Gaiellales
is a member of the class
Thermoleophilia
. This order accommodates one family,
Gaiellaceae
, and one genus,
Gaiella
, composed of one validly published species named
Gaiella occulta
. Cells stain Gram‐negative and form rod‐shaped cells. Endospores are not observed. The members of this order are mesophilic, strictly aerobic, and chemoorganotrophic. The peptidoglycan contains
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid (
meso
‐Dpm) as diagnostic diamino acid and is of type A1γ'. The major respiratory quinone is menaquinone 7 (MK‐7). Members of the order
Gaiellales
possess internally methyl‐branched fatty acids. 16S rRNA gene sequence signature nucleotide positions 139:224 (C–G) and 722:733 (U–G) are unique to order
Gaiellales
within the class
Thermoleophilia
. The species
Gaiella occulta
was isolated from a deep aquifer.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 71.6 (HPLC).

DNA G + C content (%)
: 71.7 (genome).

Type genus
:
Gaiella
Albuquerque et al. 2011, VL144.