bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the role of opium consumption in the severity, and outcome of COVID-19
Authors: Amin Fatemeh , Ostadebrahimi Hamid , Parvaz Najmeh , Eslami Hadi , Maleki Haniyeh , Kazempour Somayeh
Published: January 2025

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major challenge to healthcare systems and public health policies globally. Some people are more susceptible to coronavirus. The impact of opium use as a risk factor for COVID-19 is yet uncertain. This study investigate the effect of opium consumption on the severity of COVID-19, and its adverse consequences in opium users compared to the general population.
Methods
This study included 2945 COVID-19 patients that had been referred to health care centers affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. The personal, and clinical data including clinical presentation, the severity of symptoms, and outcome were collected. Then, the COVID-19 severity, and outcome between opium users and opium non-users were compared.
Results
The rate of opium users was 5.13% that 87.42% of them recovered while this percentage for non-users was 86.07% (p ꞊ 0.641). In the crude regression model, the odds of the death due to COVID-19 is 0.88 (95%CI 0.54 to 1.45). The odds of the severity of COVID-19 is almost half among opium users compared with non-users (odds ratio (OR): 0.48, 95%CI 0.34 to 0.66). This association persisted after adjustment for confounders. We observed that with adjustment for confounders, opium consumption decreases the severity of COVID-19 but has no significant effect on mortality.
Conclusion
There was a negative association between opium use with the severity, and death due to COVID-19. However, it is suggested more laboratory and clinical trial studies using pharmaceutical morphine products, the main component of opium.
Cognitive Agent based Data Processing in Ubiquitous Network using Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Bhajantri Lokesh B. , Ayyanavar Vasudha V.
Published: January 2025

In the present era of heterogeneous networks, the data will be gathered from various diverse sources with varying data formats. Sometimes the data is used to make immediate decision making, such as adjusting environmental controls based on sensors or ubiquitous devices inputs or triggering alerts of devices in response to certain events. Hence, data processing is an essential task to contextualize information by analyzing various data points together. By processing data efficiently, UNT can optimize resource usage. The proposed work aims to tackle the problems of processing both real-time and non-real-time using a Cognitive Agents based machine learning approach for predictive analysis for the processing of data and evaluated against existing methods, comparing factors such as data processing time, query response time, energy consumption, throughput and computation overhead.
Ecological Determinants of Chital (Axis axis) Reproductive Seasonality in Kanha Tiger Reserve
Authors: Goswami Shravana , Kumar Ujjwal , Qureshi Qamar , Jhala Yadvendradev
Published: January 2025

Reproductive seasonality in mammals is often influenced by environmental factors like resource availability, predation. While tropical and equatorial regions exhibit continual breeding due to stable resources, tropical India experiences pronounced seasonality in forage availability due to monsoonal rainfall. This study investigates the breeding timing of chital (Axis axis) in the tropical deciduous forests of Central India at Kanha Tiger Reserve, where forage availability varies seasonally. Field observations focused on antler conditions in males and lactation signs in females to estimate breeding timing. Rutting peak, as determined by males with hard antlers, coincided with nutritional peak induced by monsoon, which probably was the cue for ovulation in females. Lactation, the most nutritionally demanding period, peaked with the post-fire sprouting of herbaceous vegetation in April and fawn weaning synchronized with ample food availability. This synchrony between reproductive cycles and forage availability emphasizes the adaptive strategies of chital to maximize offspring survival. Furthermore, the peak in tiger births (54%) coincided with the fawning peak of chital. making them vulnerable prey during a nutritionally demanding period for tigresses, who are restricted in their movements near vulnerable cubs. Understanding the links between trophic levels and their seasonality offers important insights for wildlife management and conservation strategies.
Association between Nonsugar Sweetener Intake and Kidney Stone Among US Adults: Cross-sectional Results from NHANES 2007- 2018
Authors: Leng Wenyuan , Li Xiaoyu , Zhu Zhenpeng , Gao Duan , Hu Weimin , Xu Chunru , Wang Gang , Lin Jian
Published: January 2025

Backgroud:
Kidney stones, a prevalent urological condition, impose a significant social burden. While some unhealthy dietary habits are known risk factors, the relationship between nonsugar sweetener (NSS) intake and kidney stone incidence remains unexplored.
Methods
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2018 were analyzed. NSS intake was calculated from the first 24-hour dietary recall. Logistic regression, stratified analysis, and interaction analysis were used to explore associations between NSS intake and kidney stone incidence. Probability prediction plots visualized these relationships.
Results
In total, 6,891 U.S. residents aged 20 and above with complete data were included. The overall incidence of kidney stones was 11.62%, with rates of 12.17% (Q1), 11.04% (Q2), 11.35% (Q3), and 10.68% (Q4). After adjusting for covariates, high NSS intake showed a protective effect against kidney stone incidence (Q3 group, OR = 0.1101, 95% CI: 0.0129–0.9388, P = 0.0438). However, family income and extreme BMI levels modified this protective effect. For individuals with diabetes and coronary heart disease, high NSS intake increased the risk of kidney stones.
Conclusions
High NSS intake may protect against kidney stones in U.S. adults, but this effect varies with income and BMI levels. However, for those with diabetes or coronary heart disease, high NSS intake increases the risk. Validation through large-scale cohort studies is necessary.
Association of alkaline phosphatase and calcium levels in serum with hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia: a cross-sectional study among adults living in cold region of China
Authors: Jiang Lan , Dong Jing , Zou Lina , Ren Huanyu , Li Zheng , Niu Huiru , Liao Hao , Zhang Xiaojing , An Shanshan , Ren Fei , Ge Xiuhong , Cheng Lang , Yang Feiyan , Pan Hongzhi , Rong Shengzhong , Gao Peng , Ma Hongkun
Published: January 2025

Objective
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium (Ca) levels are common indexes in serum biochemical tests, but their relationship with HUA and hyperglycemia is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of ALP and Ca levels with HUA and hyperglycemia in cold region of China.
Methods
Baseline data were collected via questionnaires, and blood samples were analyzed biochemically. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression examined associations between ALP, Ca, serum uric acid (SUA), and fasting blood glucose (FPG). A binary logistic regression model with ALP and Ca predicted HUA and hyperglycemia risk.
Results
A total of 340 subjects were included in this study. Based on the diagnostic criteria for HUA and hyperglycemia, patients were classified into a HUA group (n = 100) and a non-HUA group (n = 240), as well as a hyperglycemia group (n = 59) and a non-hyperglycemia group (n = 281).The serum levels of ALP and Ca in the HUA group were significantly higher than those in the control group; similarly, the ALP levels in the hyperglycemia group were also significantly higher than those in the control group. Binary logistic regression showed a higher risk of HUA and hyperglycemia in Q4 compared to Q1 after stratifying by ALP and Ca ( ORs > 1, 95%CIs > 1, P < 0.05). The combined ALP and Ca had superior diagnostic performance for HUA, while ALP alone outperformed other indicators for hyperglycemia diagnosis (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
In populations residing in cold regions of China, an increase in ALP and Ca levels may elevate the risk of HUA and hyperglycemia onset.
Association between co-residence with parents and General Anxiety Disorder in Korean adolescents
Authors: Kim Kyung-cheol , Yoon Seong-mo , Song Seung-won , Park Su-Min , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: January 2025

Background
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a significant mental health concern, especially among Korean adolescents, who exhibit a heightened vulnerability to anxiety due to psychological, physiological, and social factors. Elements such as family dynamics, social pressures, and academic demands constitute substantial risks to adolescent mental health. Additionally, the shift toward nuclear family structures and economic challenges, which have reduced parental time with adolescents, have been identified as contributing factors to this issue. This study examined whether the association between parental co-residence and adolescent anxiety is warranted.
Methods
The study data were sourced from the 2020–2023 Youth Health Behavior Survey by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (sample of 208,891 Korean adolescents aged 13 to 18 years). Adolescent anxiety levels were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) screening tool. To investigate the association between parental co-residence and GAD, multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted.
Results
Adolescents who were not residing with their parents had more anxiety compared to those residing with parents (Male: OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10–1.28; Female: OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00–1.17). Notably, adolescents co-residing with relatives had the most anxiety (Male: OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.35–2.08; Female: OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05–1.64).
Conclusion
The study found that adolescents who were not residing with their parents faced an increased risk of anxiety. These adolescents therefore may require anxiety reduction-oriented care.
Computational and Machine Learning Approaches for Optimizing Anti-CD3ε Nanobody: Humanization and Characterization for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Bonab Ali Rahmati , Ghahi Hannaneh Jalilzadeh , Hassani Mahmoud , Jajarmi Vahid , Ranjbari Javad
Published: January 2025

This study presents a comprehensive machine-learning-driven approach for the in silico humanization and characterization of anti-CD3ε nanobodies. Nanobodies, single-domain antibodies derived from camelids, hold immense therapeutic potential due to their small size, high solubility, and exceptional stability. However, their camelid origin necessitates humanization to minimize immunogenicity in therapeutic applications. Using state-of-the-art computational tools such as NanoNet, RoseTTAFold, and PyDock, we modeled and analyzed both wild type and humanized anti-CD3ε nanobody variants. Key metrics, including structural stability, binding efficiency, thermal stability, and aggregation propensity, were evaluated. Humanization achieved enhanced humanness scores, increased thermal stability, and retained strong binding interactions with CD3ε while preserving the nanobody’s structural integrity. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed minimal deviations in structural flexibility and binding-site compatibility post-humanization. These findings support the efficacy of computational methods in optimizing nanobody therapeutics for clinical applications, paving the way for advanced immunotherapy strategies targeting immune-related disorders. The results demonstrate that the humanized anti-CD3ε nanobody exhibits enhanced thermal stability, reduced aggregation propensity, improved humanness scores, and comparable binding efficiency to the wild type nanobody, making it a promising therapeutic candidate.
Wild boars as potential reservoirs of Ascaris lumbricoides: Molecular evidence of a novel transmission route
Authors: Matsumura Takahiro , Mochizuki Kota , Matsuo Kayoko , Komiya Tomoyoshi
Published: January 2025

Background
The genus Ascaris includes A. lumbricoides, which primarily infects humans as its definitive host, and A. suum, which primarily infects pigs. Owing to their morphological similarities, the ability to distinguish between these two species in reported cases of ascariasis has been reliant on molecular techniques, particularly differences at the 133rd and 246th nucleotide positions of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) region. Although Ascaris nematodes have also been detected in wild boars, they are often classified as A. suum without molecular confirmation because of the close genetic relationship between wild boars and pigs. To address this gap, we conducted a molecular analysis targeting the ITS-1 region to identify the species of Ascaris worms collected from six wild boars captured in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.
Results
Sequence alignment analysis revealed a deletion at nucleotide position 129, a G at position 133, and a T at position 246. This configuration showed 100% identity with the A. lumbricoides reference sequence previously identified in humans. On the basis of these findings, the samples were classified as A. lumbricoides.
Conclusions
This study provides the first molecular evidence that A. lumbricoides, which was previously thought to be nearly eradicated in Japan, persists in wild boar populations. While infections with A. lumbricoides in Japan are currently believed to be limited to imported cases involving travelers and foreign residents, sporadic cases of unknown origin have been reported among Japanese individuals. Traditionally, potential infection sources have included organic vegetables, imported produce with contaminated soil, and imported kimchi. However, the detection of A. lumbricoides in wild boars highlights a possible zoonotic transmission route that has not been previously considered. This finding underscores the need for further research into wild boars as potential reservoirs of A. lumbricoides and the implementation of preventive strategies to mitigate the associated risks.
Trial registration
Not applicable.
Correlation Analysis of the Pindicator of PNI,SII of Reoperative Immunological and Postoperative Delirium in Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Wang Yang , Wang Zhao , Wang Huazhen , Wang Shiyan , Bi Hehui , Liu Jiuyue , Jin Xianglan
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the relationship between preoperative nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) levels and postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery, and explore the risk factorsfor POD during thoracoscopic surgery.
Methods: This study selected 106 patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery under general anesthesia at a tertiary hospital. One day before surgery, the Mini Mental State Evaluation Scale (MMSE) was used to evaluate the preoperative cognitive function of surgical patients. The results of the patient's last preoperative laboratory examination were recorded, and preoperative PNI and SII levels were calculated. On the first to third day aftersurgery, four rapid delirium diagnosis protocols (4AT) were used daily to evaluate the occurrence of POD in patients. Based on whether POD occurred, patients were divided into delirium group (POD group) and non delirium group (NPOD group), with 23 casesin the POD group and 65 casesin the NPOD group. Observing the incidence of POD after thoracoscopic surgery, comparing the clinical characteristics and preoperative laboratory test results of two groups of patients, using multivariate logistic regression method to analyze the independent risk factors for POD in patients, drawing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calculating the product under the ROC curve (AUC), and analyzing the predictive value of preoperative PNI and SIIlevelsfor POD in thoracoscopic surgery patients.
Results: 1. The preoperative PNI levels of patients in the POD group were significantly lower than those in the NPOD group (P < 0.05), while the preoperative SII levels of patients in the POD group were significantly higherthan those in the NPOD group (P < 0.05).
2. preoperative PNI and SII levels have certain predictive value for POD in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.
Conclusions: Increasing age, decreasing preoperative PNI level and increasing preoperative SII level were independent risk factors and effective predictors of POD in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.
The virulence factor LLO of Listeria monocytogenes can slow down biofilm formation and indirectly suppress phage lytic effect
Authors: Liu Banhong , Bai Mei , Tu Wuxiang , Shen Yanbin , Liu Jingxin , Yang Zhenquan , Bao Hongduo , Wang Ran , Dong Qingli , Liu Yangtai , Zhang Hui , Hu Liangbing
Published: January 2025

Phage-based biocontrols are among the various tools available to control Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in food and food processing environments. However, the effectiveness of phages against different Lm strains varies significantly. Prior research has demonstrated that the inactivation of virulence Listeriolysin O (LLO) leads to a loss of hemolytic activity and a reduction in overall virulence. In this study, we generated a hly gene-defective strain, NJ05-Δhly, which demonstrated a significant enhancement in motility despite the absence of hemolytic activity. Furthermore, NJ05-Δhly displayed diminished capacity for biofilm formation, which negatively correlated with glucose concentration. The efficiency of plating (EOP) for the defective strain decreased by approximately 100-fold following infection with Listeria phage vB-LmoM-NJ05, with a notable reduction in lytic effect observed at multiplicities of infection (MOI) of 1 or 10. With 108 PFU/mL of phage treatment, the biofilm of Lm NJ05-Δhly was completely suppressed and removed. Moreover, phage treatment effectively decreased adhesion and invasion, as well as mitochondrial membrane damage, in addition to the accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), even in the absence of LLO. Transcriptome analysis indicated that LLO is mainly associated with pathways involved in quorum sensing, purine metabolism, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, among others. Notably, genes related to Lm phage sensitivity, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, and motility were significantly down-regulated. These findings suggest that LLO plays a crucial role in regulating Lm pathogenicity, phage susceptibility, and biofilm formation. This study provides evidence of the complex interplay between Listeria LLO and phage interactions during Lm infection.
Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis in Children with Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio: A Cross-Sectional Study Running title: Diagnosing AA in Children with NLR
Authors: Alawi Ahmed , Fatani Bayan , Alsaggaf Ameen , Ghallab Alaa , Awad Mohammed , Shalaby Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in diagnosing AA in the pediatric population.
Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 200 pediatric patients aged between 0–14 years of both sexes, admitted as a case of acute appendicitis (AA). Data of patients retrieved from the hospital's patient administration system database. Normal appendex group (n = 100) included patients with abdominal pain without appendicitis. Uncomplicated AA group (n = 165) included patients with abdominal pain diagnosed with simple AA and treated with medical treatment or simple appendectomy. Complicated AA group (n = 35) included patients with recurrent or complicated appendicitis.
Results
White blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils and NLR were significantly higher in the uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis groups than the normal appendix group and in the complicated appendicitis group than the uncomplicated appendicitis group. In multivariate regression, WBCs and NLR were independent predictors for AA (P ≤ 0.001). NLR was an independent predictor for complicated appendicitis (P = 0.012). NLR can significantly predict AA and complicated appendicitis repectively at cut-off > 1.7 and > 10.1 with 74% and 68.57% sensitivity, and 69% and 56.98% specificity.
Conclusions
NLR is a valuable and cost-effective diagnostic marker for AA and complicated appendicitis in the pediatric population.
Identification and clinical implications of the immune-related hub genes in psoriasis
Authors: Sun Yuzhen , Mao Yu , Liu Niu , Li Yanfeng , Zhou Ziguang , Fang Weiyuan
Published: January 2025

Methods: Multiple microarray datasets from psoriasis patients (GSE30999, GSE106992, GSE14905, GSE78097, and GSE117468) were obtained to identify immune-key genes by differential gene analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Subsequently, immune-related hub genes were identified using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithm and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks, with further validation through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to assess diagnostic potential. Pearson correlation analysis evaluated the relationship between hub genes, skin lesion severity, and treatment outcomes. The study also conducted immune infiltration by using the Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm and identified potential therapeutic targets by the Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb).
Culturally appropriate, evidence-based, personalized dietary advice to improve the nutritional status of track and field athletes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jayawardena Ranil , Weerasinghe Kalani , Nanayakkara Indu , Madhujith Terrence , Hills Andrew P , Kalupahana Nishan Sudheera
Published: January 2025

Background: Optimal nutrition is vital for recovery, performance, and well-being of athletes. However, Sri Lankan track and field athletes often fall short of dietary recommendations due to the lack of personalized nutrition guidance. This study evaluated the effectiveness of culturally appropriate, evidence-based, personalized dietary advice on the nutritional status of these athletes.
Methods: This 16-week parallel-group randomized controlled trial included 30 national-level track and field athletes (15 in the intervention group [IG], 15 in the control group [CG]). The IG received personalized dietary prescriptions based on detailed nutritional assessments, while the CG received no advice. Outcomes included dietary intake, assessed via seven-day food diaries, and biochemical parameters measured using standard techniques.
Results: Twenty-seven athletes (IG: 13, CG: 14) completed the study. The IG showed significant increases in energy intake (Pre: 2766.0 ± 494.0 kcal, Post: 3972.9 ± 934.4 kcal, Change: +1206.9 kcal; p = 0.007) compared to the CG (Pre: 2733.7 ± 635.5 kcal, Post: 2676.5 ± 319.2 kcal, Change: -57.2 kcal; p = 0.739; p for IG vs. CG = 0.004). Protein intake also improved significantly in the IG (Pre: 95.56 ± 30.2 g, Post: 116.81 ± 41.8 g, Change: +21.25 g; p = 0.003) versus the CG (Pre: 94.54 ± 32.8 g, Post: 84.24 ± 16.4 g, Change: -10.30 g; p = 0.162; p for IG vs. CG = 0.001). The IG exhibited improved vitamin and mineral intakes, and serum vitamin D levels in the IG increased significantly (Pre: 30.55 ± 10.2 ng/ml, Post: 42.02 ± 9.6 ng/ml; Change: +11.47 ± 0.6 ng/ml; p < 0.001), while the CG showed no change. Serum ferritin levels also increased in the IG (Pre: 44.76 ± 29.3 ng/ml, Post: 51.54 ± 28.4 ng/ml, Change: +6.78 ± 0.9 ng/ml; p < 0.001), along with positive changes in haemoglobin and other haematological parameters.
Conclusions: A culturally appropriate, personalized dietary prescription significantly improved the nutritional status among Sri Lankan track and field athletes.
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) influence on free flap oxygen saturation (StO2) measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Gilli Massimiliano , Committeri Umberto , Monarchi Gabriele , sacchi federica , cirignaco giulio , caso angela rosa , giovacchini francesco , mitro valeria , tullio antonio
Published: January 2025

Background
Free flap monitoring techniques still rely on gold standard methods such as skin color evaluation, temperature, and puncture tests that are time-consuming, discontinuous, and prone to human error. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy represents a continuous, non-invasive technique that aims to avoid subjective errors by detecting early stages of vascular compromise, providing enough time for successful salvage surgery.
Methods
This retrospective study includes 56 patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction and 24-hour NIRS monitoring. All other patients without detailed MAP charts were excluded. The NIRS system used was the HemoSphere-ForeSight by Edwards Lifesciences; this platform enabled the detection of StO2 values and their integration with real-time intra-arterial catheter-detected MAP values. Data were recorded by an adhesive sensor, chosen according to the height and width of the flap.
Results
Forty-seven (83%) patients showed a positive correlation between MAP and StO2 data (ρs > 0.450, p < 0.0001), validating the theory that MAP values positively correlate with flap perfusion, tissue oxygenation, and survival rate. Nine patients did not show a direct correlation between MAP and StO2 data; their values were influenced by vasopressors or psychophysical conditions during their admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) after surgery.
Conclusion
Comparing MAP and StO2 values, their trend charts play a crucial role in flap monitoring, contributing to the best possible survival rate outcome and, if necessary, leading to micro-anastomosis checks and eventual flap salvage surgery. MAP data analysis should, indeed, be considered in future guidelines for free flap monitoring techniques.
DCUE-YOLO: A Lightweight Model in Industrial Defect Detection
Authors: Zhong Jiajin , Wang HongCheng , Zou JiaLin
Published: January 2025

Accurate and rapid identification of defects in industrial products is essential for ensuring quality and safety. However, the challenges presented by large-scale production environments, along with the difficulty in distinguishing between target defects and complex backgrounds, complicate defect detection. Consequently, most target detection models struggle to achieve an optimal balance between detection accuracy and efficiency. To improve detection accuracy and efficiency, this paper proposes a lightweight network architecture, DCUE-YOLO, based on YOLOv10. The primary objective is to improve both the accuracy and efficiency of industrial product defect detection. In addition, a feature extraction module with double convolutional path design with hidden channels is proposed under the premise of reducing the computational complexity; by capturing information of different scales, the model can enhance the ability to distinguish small target defects from complex backgrounds. In order to further improve the model's attention to small target defects, this paper also proposes a multifilter attention mechanism design. Meanwhile, in order to effectively solve the problem of partial feature information loss in the process of downsampling, this paper also uses a transposed convolution design. Extensive experiments were carried out using PCB, NEU-DET and mixed-type WM38 public data sets, producing mean mean average precision (mAP) scores of 94.3%, 90.5%, and 98.7%, respectively. Compared to the YOLOv10s model, our mAP has improved by 2.7%, 1.8%, and 1.2%, respectively, while the parameter count has decreased by 0.3M. Our model demonstrates advantages in recognition accuracy and inference speed, thus validating its effectiveness for industrial defect detection.
Effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine — a propensity score matched test negative design case-control study using electronic health records in three provinces of China
Authors: Xiu Yuexin , Tang Lin , Wang Fuzhen , Wang Lei , Li Zhen , Liu Jun , Li Dan , Li Xueyan , Yi Yao , Zhang Fan , Yu Lei , Wu Jingfeng , Yin Zundong
Published: January 2025

Background.
Our study aimed to evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a live oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, RV5) among < 5-year-old children in three provinces of China via a propensity score matched test negative design case-control study.
Methods.
We used electronic health records and person-matched immunization information system data to obtain information on acute gastroenteritis (AGE) cases in Guangdong, Beijing, and Hubei provinces evaluated for AGE in emergency department settings and tested for rotavirus (RV) infection during 2020–2024. RV positive cases were propensity-score matched with RV negative subjects on age, visit month, and province. Primary outcomes were medically-attended RVGE infection (inpatient or outpatient), outpatient-only medically-attended RVGE, and RVGE hospitalization. VE was estimated with logistic regression as (1-OR)×100%.
Results.
The study included 27 472 children with AGE aged 8 weeks to 4 years at the time of the visit; 7.98% (2 192) were rotavirus positive. After propensity score matching of 2 controls for each case, VE (95% confidence interval, CI) of 1–2 and 3 doses of RV5 against infection were 57.6% (39.8%, 70.2%) and 67.2% (60.3%, 72.9%), respectively. Among children who received a third dose < 5-months-old, 3-dose VE decreased from 70.4% (53.9%, 81.1%) (< 5 months) to 65.4% (49.8%, 76.1%) (5 months - <1 year), and to 63.0% (49.1%, 73.0%) (≥ 1 year). Among children who received a third dose ≥ 5-months-old, 3-dose VE decreased from 69.3% (45.9%, 82.6%) (< 5 months) to 61.7% (44.2%, 73.8%) (≥ 1 year). Three-dose VE was 69.4% (41.3%, 84.0%) against hospitalization and 57.5% (38.9%, 70.5%) against outpatient RVGE.
Conclusions.
Three doses of RV5 provided highest protection against RVGE among < 5-year-old children. Three-dose VE decreased by time since the third dose in children who received a third dose at < 5-months-olds, and remained > 61% ≥1 year after the third dose. VE was higher against RVGE hospitalization than outpatient RVGE.
Microgrid Protection: A Technological, Challenge-Based, and Future-Oriented Review
Authors: Yadav Goutam Kumar , Kirar Mukesh Kumar , Gupta S. C.
Published: January 2025

Microgrids are gaining prominence within modern power systems, fueled by advancements in renewable energy-based distributed generation. However, dynamic network architectures and high bidirectional power flows render traditional protection schemes designed for passive radial distribution networks inadequate. Conventional overcurrent protection faces challenges due to fluctuating fault currents in both grid-connected and islanded modes, further complicated by the unpredictable output impedance of inverter-interfaced distributed generation units during faults. This article aims to comprehensively review current microgrid protection methods, analyzing their benefits and drawbacks while highlighting critical challenges and identifying areas for future research. A hybrid AC-DC microgrid simulation is conducted to validate fault current variations under different operating conditions. The study focuses on intelligent methods and apparatuses that enhance existing protection systems. Ultimately, this thorough investigation seeks to demonstrate the critical role of efficient microgrid protection in ensuring a reliable and sustainable future electricity supply.
Die Gefäßpflanzen des Naturdenkmales Druidenstein in Trautenstein (Landkreis Harz)
Authors: Meier Tim
Published: January 2025

Erstmalig wurden alle vorhandenen Gefäßpflanzenarten des geologischen Naturdenkmales Druidenstein erfasst und deren Artenzusammensetzung bewertet. Den höchsten Anteil nahmen Störungszeiger ein. Es konnten keine gefährdeten Arten nachgewiesen werden.
Manipulating Propagule Type and Interrow Ground Cover to Influence Flowering Time, Yield, Fruit Quality, and Harvest Dates in the Day-neutral Strawberry ‘Albion’
Authors: Robertson Mykala , Pritts Marvin
Published: January 2025

We examined methods of producing day-neutral strawberries in a north temperate climate using alternatives to standard bare-root propagules and clean cultivation between plant rows. Fragaria ×ananassa ‘Albion’ were planted in plastic-covered raised beds in Ithaca, NY, USA, for each of the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons. Plants were selected from the following four propagule types from different developmental stages: standard bare-root plants set in early May; bare-root plants started in the greenhouse in February and planted in early May; bare-root plants started in the greenhouse in March and planted in early May; and plug plants set in the field in fall (Aug 2021 and Oct 2022) of the previous year. To determine if pollination could be enhanced, each type of plant was grown in plots in the field with one of the following between rows: bare ground; a diverse flowering groundcover; or exclusion netting on hoops over the strawberry plants when they were flowering. Pollinators visiting strawberries were observed weekly and identified to species when possible. Fruits were collected weekly and marketable and unmarketable yields were measured through the harvest season. Fall-planted plugs produced significantly higher marketable yields than those of other propagule types in both years. Bare-root plants set in early May had the lowest yield. Percent marketable yield varied depending on the growing year because of drastically different weather conditions. There was no evidence that flowering groundcover attracted pollinators to the strawberry plants because strawberries had few pollinator visits, regardless of the surrounding vegetation. Exclusion netting had significantly higher percent marketable yield and total yield than the those of other groundcover types despite lower percent fruit set, likely because of the benefits of tarnished plant bug exclusion.
EXPLORING THE MYOKINETIC AND ANATOMICAL MERIDIAN TRAINS IMPLICATIONS FOR MOVEMENT PATTERNS AND MERIDIAN-BASED THERAPY PROTOCOL FOR REHABILITATION IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
Authors:   Surat, India. MIAL - L 16617, GSCPT - GPC15788 (Bachelor in Physiotherapy BPT, FOMT Fellowship in Osteopathy and Manipulation Therapy, Master Fitness Trainer IAFT Indian Academy of Fitness Training, Pilates and Power Yoga Trainer IAFT Indian Academy of Fitness Training)., Bhagat Amisha , Jagjivan Gondalia Malay ,   Certified in Joint MobilizationMassage Therapy,Sports Massage Positional Release and Nerve Mobilization Massage Therapy., R. Bhagat Jaimish ,   (Aerobics Instructor (Reg:- IAFT 170403), Yoga and Power Yoga Instructor (Reg:- IAFT 170403), Advanced Fitness/Gym Instructor (Reg:- IAFT 170403), Certified in Fitness - Diet and Nutrition (Reg:- IAFT 170403), Diabetes Fitness Instructor (Reg:- IAFT 170403), Cancer Fitness Instructor (Reg:- IAFTC220705), Master Trainer(Reg:- IAFTC220709), Primary and Advanced Pilates Instructor(Reg:- IAFT 170403). (IAFT - Indian Academy of Fitness TrainingÃ¢Â€Â“ Mangalore).
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the understanding of movement patterns and musculoskeletal dysfunctions has expanded significantly through the lens of fascial and myofascial systems. Myokinetic and anatomical meridian trains, introduced by Thomas W. Myers, provide a comprehensive model of myofascial connections that link distant regions of the body, influencing postural stability, movement efficiency, and rehabilitation strategies. This paper explores the primary anatomy trains, including the Superficial Front Line, Superficial Back Line, Lateral Line, Spiral Line, and Deep Front Line, among others. We discuss their relevance in understanding movement patterns, postural imbalances, and their implications for rehabilitation in physiotherapy.
A New Non-Cyanogenic Cyanoglycoside with Promising α-Glycosidase Inhibitory Activity from the Roots of Cordia trichotoma
Authors: A. D. Rocha Késya , R. S. Lopes Francisca , C. L. Pinto Francisco , M. G. N. Pinheiro Francisco , P. D. Marques Samuel , S. Trevisan Maria Teresa , R. Silveira Edilberto , D. L. Pessoa Otília , M. P. Santiago Gilvandete
Published: January 2025

Three undescribed non-cyanogenic cyanoglycosides, designated as trichotomoside A (1), B (2),
and C (3) along with three known ones (4-6) were isolated from the roots of Cordia trichotoma.
In addition, miscellaneous compounds such as acid (1’R,3’S,5’R,8’S,2Z,4E)-dihydrophaseic
3’-O-β-D-glycopyranoside (7), N-(2E)-3-[(2S,3R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-
3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran5-yl]acryloylglycine (8),
syringaldehyde (9), scoparone (10), 12,16-epoxyglobiferin (11), α-cadinol (12), trichotomol (13),
and 1-(3’-methoxypropanoyl)-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene (14) were also isolated. The structures
of all compounds were elucidated by an extensive analysis of spectroscopic data (infrared (IR),
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
(HRESIMS)). The non-cyanogenic cyanoglycosides (1-6) were screened for their α-glucosidase
inhibitory activities. None of the compounds exhibited antioxidant or xanthine oxidase activity.
Compound 3 exhibited considerable inhibitory ability on α-glucosidase, showing a halfmaximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 646 ± 69 µmol L-1 close to the standard acarbose
(IC50 = 521 ± 23 µmol L-1), demonstrating its promising antidiabetic action.
Modern Dönem Grafik Tasarımında Fotografik Deneyler: László Moholy-Nagy Örneği
Authors: Uyan Özlem
Published: January 2025

Öz
Macar asıllı László Moholy-Nagy, 1895-1946 yıllarında yaşamış, grafik tasarımcı, ressam, heykeltraş, fotoğrafçı, film yapımcısı ve diğer disiplinlerde yetkin, öncü bir modernist sanatçıdır. Işığın ve malzemenin manipülasyonu üzerine yoğunlaştığı fotoğrafçılık alanında “fotogram” tekniğini geliştirmiştir. Sanatın teknolojiyle buluştuğu noktada yeni ifade biçimleri keşfeden Moholy-Nagy’nin sanat vizyonu, sanatta teknolojinin merkezi rolünü vurgulayan görüşler etrafında şekillenmiştir. 1946 yılında hayatını kaybeden sanatçı, kendi döneminde olduğu gibi kendinden sonraki dönem için de sanatın şekillenmesinde farklı perspektifler sunan bir figür olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Moholy-Nagy’nin modern sanata olan yenilikçi katkılarını ve sanat ile teknolojiyi buluşturma çabalarını araştırmaktadır. Sanatçının farklı disiplinlere ve yaratıcılığa sağladığı yeni olanakları ele alan çalışmada, Moholy-Nagy’nin grafik dili ve özgün eserleri üzerinden yapılan incelemeler, literatür araştırması ve eser incelemesi yöntemine dayanmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmalarla elde edilen verilere dayanarak, sanatçının üslubu ve eserlerinin biçimsel, içeriksel ve teknik farklılıklarının ilham verici niteliğiyle anlatıldığı çalışmanın, gelecekteki yaratıcı ve akademik çalışmalara öncülük etmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Case report Diagnosis dan Penanganan Feline Panleukopenia
Authors: Nareswari Anggitya , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Yanuartono Yanuartono , Purnamaningsih Hary , Widiyono Irkham
Published: January 2025

Feline panleukopenia (FPL) adalah penyakitinfeksi Feline panleukopenia virus yang menyebabkan mortalitas tinggi pada kucing. Penelitianini bertujuan melaporkan diagnosis dan penanganan kasus FPL. Studi kasus ini menggunakan seekor kucing persia mix, betina, berumur empat bulan yang diperiksa secara klinis, uji FPV-Ag dan hematologi. Hasil anamnesis dan pemeriksaan klinis didapatkan bahwa kucing lesu, tidak mau makan, muntah, dan mengalami diare berwarna coklat, suhu tubuh 40,3⁰C, dehidrasi, dan selaput lendir anemis. Hasil pemeriksaan hematologi menunjukkan kucing mengalami leukopenia, anemia dan FPV-Ag test positif, sehingga kucing didiagnosis menderita FPL. Kucing diberi terapi infus Ringer Lactate 30ml/kgBB/ hari IV, enrofloxacin 5 mg/ kgBB/hari SID SC dan Amoxicilin 10 mg/kgBB dua hari sekali IM, hematopoietin  0,1 ml/kgBB BID IV, vitamin-Asam amino 0.1 ml/ kgBB BID IM. Kucing dirawat secara intensif dan mati pada hari ketiga. Disimpulkan bahwa kucing pada kasus ini didiagnosis FPL berdasar gejala klinis, leukopenia dan reaksi positip tes FPV-Ag. Kucing penderita FPL tersebut telah diberi terapi cairan, antibiotik, dan vitamin, tetapi tidak berhasil disembuhkan.
High Risk Period (HRP) Kasus Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku Pasca Wabah pada Peternakan Sapi Perah di Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Basri Chaerul , Widyadhari Atsmarina , Sudarnika Etih
Published: January 2025

Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) merupakan penyakit ternak yang sangat merugikan secara ekonomi. Perhitungan periode berisiko atau high risk period (HRP) akan membantu otoritas veteriner untuk melakukan pelacakan secara efisien potensi wabah sekunder atau penyebaran virus dari kasus indeks. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perhitungan HRP pada peternakan sapi perah di Kabupaten Malang berdasarkan variabel 1) pengetahuan peternak mengenali gejala klinis PMK, 2) waktu pelaporan peternak, 3) waktu petugas datang menangani pelaporan, dan 4) waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk konfirmasi uji laboratorium. Survei dilakukan pada 126 peternak pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2023. Ukuran sampel dihitung berdasarkan asumsi tingkat kepercayaan 95%, prevalensi dugaan 13%, tingkat kesalahan 6% menggunakan software WinEpiscope 2.0. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Peternak sapi perah di Kabupaten Malang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang gejala klinis PMK meski ada beberapa ciri yang luput dan perlu ditingkatkan pemahamannya. Sebanyak 98% peternak segera melakukan pelaporan setelah mengamati adanya gejala klinis PMK pada ternaknya. Kecepatan petugas dalam menanggapi pelaporan sudah baik yakni seketika pada hari pelaporan dilaporkan dan pengujian laboratorium yang segera dilakukan untuk mengonfirmasi penyakit PMK dapat membuat probabilitas HRP 7 hari 91% (SK: 0,87-0,95),  HRP 14 hari 7% (SK: 0,04-0,11) dan HRP 21 hari 2% (SK: 0,01-0,05). Pengetahuan mengenai gejala klinis dan kesadaran peternak dalam melakukan pelaporan PMK di Kabupaten Malang sudah baik, namun perlu ditingkatkan. Upaya peningkatan peran peternak dalam deteksi dini dapat dilakukan dengan intervensi berupa penyuluhan dan membangun kedekatan dengan petugas lapangan.
Isolation of Aspergillus from edible-nest swiftlet feces in bird houses of Central Java
Authors: Ningrum Siti Gusti , Ginting Eykel Arief Fortuna , Rahmawati Indra
Published: January 2025

Five edible-nest swiftlet houses in Central Java were sampled for fecal specimens. The samples were obtained using a sterile container to maintain aseptic conditions. Subsequently, the samples were mixed thoroughly in a tube containing sterile saline and allowed to incubate for a duration of 30 minutes. One milliliter of supernatant was placed onto Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) with chloramphenicol (50 mg/L) and incubated at a temperature of 25 ºC for a duration of one week. The results showed that all samples had a high percentage of Aspergillus niger (100%), Aspergillus flavus (100%), and Aspergillus fumigatus (100%) isolates. The findings suggest that edible-nest swiftlet houses in Central Java can serve as a potential reservoir and conduit for fungal infection and transmission.
Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of African Swine Fever Pigs in Bali Province
Authors: Septiani Monica , Juniantito Vetnizah , Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo
Published: January 2025

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a disease affecting pigs, caused by a double-stranded DNA virus that is not transmissible to humans or other animals. It leads to significant economic losses due to high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in densely populated pig regions like Bali Province. During the ASF outbreak from June to December 2023, this study conducted histopathological research on clinical samples. Biological materials from twelve pigs confirmed positive for ASF via qPCR examination were histopathologically analyzed. Tissue samples from various organs underwent processing and examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to detect the ASF virus’s p54 protein. Clinical symptoms, anatomical pathology, and histological examination revealed characteristic acute ASF lesions. Immunohistochemistry consistently showed p54 viral antigen distribution in mononuclear cells/macrophages across various organs, with the spleen and lymph nodes being dominant sites in 12 pigs (100%). This comprehensive study demonstrates the effectiveness of IHC in detecting the ASF virus and characterizing its histopathology.Keywords: ASF; histopathology; immunohistochemistry
Negotiating Silence: A Comparative Study of Female Agency in Shashi Deshpande's That Long Silence and Anita Desai's Fasting, Feasting
Authors: Rizvi Dr. Qudsi
Published: January 2025

Silence often functions as a nuanced metaphor in literature, encapsulating themes of suppression, resilience, and resistance. In Shashi Deshpande's That Long Silence and Anita Desai's Fasting, Feasting, silence emerges as a central motif that shapes the protagonists' lives within patriarchal frameworks. This paper explores how silence is used to reflect and negotiate female agency in these two novels. Deshpande’s Jaya and Desai’s Uma, though different in their socio-cultural contexts, grapple with similar struggles of identity and autonomy. Jaya’s imposed silence in marriage and Uma’s enforced silence in a patriarchal household underscore how silence perpetuates gender inequality. However, both authors also depict silence as a space for introspection and a subtle form of defiance. Through a comparative analysis, this paper examines how the interplay between silence and voice is integral to the characters' journeys toward self-realization. Drawing from feminist literary theory and cultural criticism, it investigates the layered role of silence as both a tool of oppression and a strategy for survival. Ultimately, the study reveals how silence is repurposed by the protagonists to assert their agency and resist patriarchal constraints.
Crime in Northeast Mexico, and its relation to petroleum exploration and production.
Authors: Garcia-Fernandez Francisco , Carrillo Sagastegui Luis Lauro , Vaquera Salazar Rafael Alejandro
Published: January 2025

The objective of this work is to establish the relationship between hydrocarbon production and extraction activities in northeast Mexico, including the Burgos Basin and the states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, and Coahuila, and the crime rate in these municipalities. Utilizing municipal-level data from 2020, sourced from official sources, a quantitative and cross-sectional methodology is employed in a descriptive study with correlational and spatial analyses. Municipalities with active or inactive hydrocarbon extraction wells were included, representing 73 of the 132 municipalities in the northeastern states. Although the study recognizes inherent limitations due to the collected data volume, which does not allow for categorical affirmation of a causal relationship, it does permit the observation of a trend confirming the correlation between both variables. This opens the door to a more detailed exploration of the effect of oil exploration on crime behavior, considering it as an additional factor that could potentially increase it.
Expansión y rivalidad en la economía del litio: el reto futuro para México
Authors: Micheli Jordy
Published: January 2025

La economía del litio ha entrado a una nueva era que se caracteriza por el dinamismo de la producción de baterías asociado a la electromovilidad y con ello un fuerte proceso de alianzas estratégicas de las empresas automotrices con las de la minería y de baterías. Es una era marcada también por conflictos de orden geopolítico por el predominio de China en la cadena de valor de la economía del litio. Este es el tiempo en la cual va a incorporarse México a una dinámica de aprendizaje y de arranque de la industrialización del litio, y necesitará generar sus ventajas económicas en el marco de una legislación nacionalista sobre el litio y su inserción en el espacio económico de Norteamérica