bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cosmetic Ingredient: Metabolism and Mechanism
Authors: Cheng Shujun , Pei Yanyang , Zeng Yao
Published: August 2022

As additives, scents, preservatives, stabilizers, surfactants, stains, and shine, a variety of chemical substances have been added into the creation of cosmetic, beauty, and personal care products. Many of these compounds, on the other hand, are bioactive, ecologically persistent, and have the potential to bioaccumulate, posing a major hazard to the environment and human health. To genuinely address this issue, new techniques and approaches are necessary. This review summarizes the use of preservatives, pigments, and UV filters in cosmetics. The mechanisms of toxicities of preservative, such as parabens, benzalkonium chloride, and chlorphenesin are illustrated. Parabens have non-cutaneous adverse health effects, including infertility, spermatogenesis, adipogenesis, and perinatal exposure effects. Benzalkonium chloride in preservative decreased cell viability and caused apoptotic cell death in vitro. Pigment also played an important role in cosmetics and, some pigmentations in cosmetics are made by heavy metal or have heavy metal as ingredients. Cadmium and Chromium are two commonly used heavy metal in cosmetics. UV filters absorb UV energy and transform it chemically, which can lead to breakdown and the formation of photo-unstable reactive intermediates. Future research may focus on the safety assessment of specific substance in the application of cosmetics.
Recent Research Progress on The Expression of Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers
Authors: Xi Kun
Published: August 2022

Cancer is the biggest cause of human death after ischemic heart disease, which places a huge burden on patients and society. Morever, scholars have to spend a lot of energy on research on early cancer screening and post diagnosis treatment. Malignant tumors can escape the monitoring of the immune system and develop metastasis and drug resistance. The research on cancer metastasis, drug resistance and recurrence has made some progress and is full of challenges. Also, cancer stem cell (CSC) has the ability of self replication. CSCs are considered to mediate the tumor progression, including but not limited to the above malignant manifestations. Because the stemness of CSCs has been confirmed by many experiments, people gradually began to pay attention to the correlation between the CSCs and other human natural stem cells, especially cell surface biomarkers. In fact, many cell biomarkers which are not expressed in normal tissues but are expressed in adult stem cells or human embryonic stem cells have been found, which provides a new possibility for cancer treatment against CSCs. In this article, we will discuss and summarize the similarities and differences in the expression of surface markers of human cancer stem cells, embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Morever, combined with the further research of existing CSCs, such as regulating tumor proliferation and reducing CSCs drug resistance through targeted markers, this review analyzes the value and challenges of tumor stem cells in this research field. We hope that this review will provide fertile ground for early screening and treatment of cancer.
Three Effects of Β-Catenin Factors in Liver Cancer and Its Treatment
Authors: Chen Mingrun , Fan Qianhui , Wu Xueyin , Yu Tingwen
Published: August 2022

Liver cancer is a typical malignant tumor and the fourth most typical cancer in the Earth. Clinically, more than 90% of patients with primary liver cancer are caused by hepatocellular carcinoma. Epidemiological and experimental data show that human infection with HBV and HCV hepatitis virus is firmly connected with the occurrence of liver cancer. In the past 20 years, the level of diagnosis and cure of liver cancer in China has been greatly improved, but little progress has been made in the study of liver cancer markers. For then, with the understanding of Wnt signal transduction pathway, it is found that β-catenin, as a key molecule in Wnt signal transduction pathway, is closely associated to the incidence of HCC. Recently, more and more studies have shown that the abnormal activation of classical Wnt signal pathway plays a compelling part in the occurrence and advancement of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatocytes because of hidden onset, early rise can be no clinical symptoms, so the clinical discovery is mostly late, the mortality rate is high. At present, the clinical methods for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma are liver transplantation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, hepatocellular carcinoma is easy to metastasize and has a high recurrence rate, so the mortality rate of hepatocellular carcinoma is still high. Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway has become major topic of debate in cancer research. In this paper, we begin with the classification of liver cancer and some pathogenic mechanisms. The effects of β-catenin protein on the occurrence, metastasis and immune regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma were also discussed. Under the background of the popular "signal transduction therapy" in recent years, to explore the therapeutic effect of targeted drugs targeting Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Because of the high degree of malignancy and limited treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, we will mainly discuss the effect of Wnt signal pathway on the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and its effect on the differentiation of immune cells. Abnormal activation of Wnt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Pathogenesis of Hepatitis-B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhao Yiran
Published: August 2022

Cancer, which can be explained as malignant tumors and neoplasms, is one of the main factors of human mortality and greatly obstructs the extension global human life span. There are various human cancers induced by viruses. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cervical cancer (CC) are two common cancers related to viruses. The pathogenesis of these carcinogenic viruses has been studied for a long period of time, and some progress has been made. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection functions as a promoter of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence. The integration of HBV DNA into the host genome is one of the important factors of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Besides, miRNA plays an important part in HBV ampilification and the progression of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Another cancer-inducing virus, human papillomavirus (HPV) is highly related to cervical cancer, as the long-term chronic inflammation due to HPV infection can lead to the progression of cervical cancer. Apart from this, APOBECs also give rise to the progression of HPV-induced cervical cancer. This essay will estimate the pathogenesis of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, such as HBV DNA integration, microRNA. Meanwhile the pathogenesis of HPV-related cervical cancer, such as inflammation, APOBEC3, will also be noted.
Carbon Dioxide Capture in Metal-Organic Framework
Authors: Li Angze , Li Yiran
Published: August 2022

The greatly risen level of atmospheric carbon dioxide after the industrial revolution leads to serious problems and concerns, including health issues and global warming. Therefore, the significance of carbon dioxide capture can not be overemphasized. Metal-organic framework (MOF), a brand-new and potential kind of material, can be utilized in several processes of CO2 capture because of its high capacity as well as high selectivity. In this review, the key parameters for evaluation of the MOF used for CO2 capture, which is directed related to the performance of materials, are addressed and discussed. Several important and practical evaluation indicators are also mentioned, for economic cost and stability, and tolerance to impurity. Additionally, factors that affect the performance of CO2 adsorption in both structural and external degrees of MOF are shown and reviewed. This article provides a different perspective of parameters for MOF materials and indicates critical features for the organic linkers and metal ions that are used to build the whole framework.
Coated Metal-Organic Framework Composites for Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery: Preparation and Applications
Authors: Feng Linxuan , Song Chenxi
Published: August 2022

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are made from metal ions and various organic ligands, which have been demonstrated to be an essential material used as drug delivery vehicles because of their large surface area, simple functionalization, high porosity and excellent biocompatibility. Recently, coated MOFs are promising approaches to overcome the limitations of pure MOFs in drug delivery systems with improved targeting, better biodistribution and lower cytotoxicity. In this review, the preparation and applications of polymer-coated MOFs, magnetic core-shell MOFs and membrane-coated MOFs are mainly introduced. The polymer-coated MOFs with high structural and functional flexibility achieve greater drug loadings via covalent grafting and polymerization. Magnetic core-shell MOFs can effectively detect the location of tumors by applying a magnetic field. Their enhanced biodegradability is realized due to the presence of these magnetic agents. Membrane-coated MOFs, especially for cancer cell membranes and red blood cell membranes, are capable of making drug substances more durable in the immune system and preventing them from being digested with improvement in tumor-targeting and biointerfacing effects. These coated MOFs and corresponding MOFs with detailed modifications result in better therapeutic efficacy in anticancer activities, providing new insights into the development of chemical synthesis and biomedical applications.
Progress of immunotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: He Tiantian
Published: August 2022

As a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by a high rate of morbidity and mortality, pancreatic cancer (PC) is a solid tumor ranking seventh among all cancer deaths. Since clinical symptoms are hidden and effective early diagnostic methods are unavailable, it is common that patients with PC are at an advanced stage once diagnosed and cannot be radically treated by surgical resection. The universal existing anticancer treatments are chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but the therapeutic effect of PC is not obvious. Recent researches witness encouraging success in immunotherapy used for hematologic tumors which resulted in immunotherapy becoming the hotspot of cancer treatment over the past few years. Many researchers started to turn their attention to its application in other cancer treatments and therapy in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has made great progress. Through further research on the mechanism of immunotherapy, many novel cancer treatments start to emerge, such as adoptive T cell therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccines and oncolytic viruses. Many clinical trials proved that combining immunotherapy with traditional therapy, like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy has a remarkable effect on the treatment of patients with PC. Individualized, combined, and precise therapy may be a promising direction for future immunotherapy in PC. The current understanding of the occurrence and development of PC, the progress in immunotherapy in cancer treatment, and the prospect of immunotherapy for PC will be briefly introduced in this review.
Analysis of Heavy Metal Elements in Tianjin Tuanbo Lake Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) from the Perspective of Water Quality Evaluation
Authors: Yu Huibo
Published: August 2022

In recent years, water pollution incidents have occurred frequently, affecting people's lives and health in great way. Based on this, in order to explore the pollution situation of Tuanbo Lake, this research uses plasma inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to analyze the pollution of heavy metals cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) in water condition. It was found that chromium was detected in trace amounts, lead was detected more downstream, and neither Cd nor As was detected. According to the "Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water", the water quality of this area is in the Grade III water quality standard under pb, and the As is in the Grade II water quality standard.
From Lipids to Micelles- A Tentative Analysis of Drug Delivery
Authors: Gao Qi
Published: August 2022

Polymer micelles (PM) are core-shell nanostructures formed by the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers. Due to its hollow form and biocompatibility, it is an excellent drug carrier and has a wide range of uses in the pharmaceutical field. This review summarizes the latest developments in PM development and its applications. First, I explained the basic structure and several types of micelles. This process introduces experiments and parameters to control the shape of the vesicles used for drug delivery. Next, we talked about various common synthetic methods such as the solvent conversion method and the solvent-free method. In addition, we introduce polymer micelles into conventional pharmacies and the difficulties of modern medicine. Finally, it summarizes the morphology, synthesis method and application of PM in the medical field, and provides insights into the future development of vesicle degradation and the biocompatibility of PM preparation and the resulting morphology. In addition to the above, this article also introduces different methods of PM targeting, imaging, and triggered release in pharmaceutical applications.
Advances in the study of the relationship between HPV infection and colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Zihao
Published: August 2022

Colorectal cancer, as a malignant tumour that seriously endangers human health, has shown an increasing trend in incidence and mortality worldwide. It poses a threat to the health of the population and a heavy economic burden to both society and individuals, and is an important public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include many. A growing number of studies have shown that human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is closely associated with the development of colorectal cancer, especially high-risk HPV16 and HPV18, but much controversy still exists. Therefore, this article will briefly review the recent studies on the relationship between HPV infection and the development of colorectal cancer.
The Mechanism of Antihepatocellular Carcinoma and Toxicity Analysis of Huachanin
Authors: Xue Zhetian
Published: August 2022

Huachanin is a chemical borrowed from Traditional Chinese Medication practices that is commonly utilized in the treatment of cancer. Its mixture attribute serves in alignment with the typical multiple-target effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. A majority of researches on Huachanin, however, examine its influences only on single pathways. This review integrates several major mechanisms by which Huachanin acquires hepatoma cancer suppressing functions, namely, the down regulation of Aurora Kinase, induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of cell autophagy. The review then analyses Huachanin’s cause on nontumor tissue malfunction while suppressing tumor growth, aiming to provide insight into balancing the toxicity and efficacy in Huachanin treatments to maximize its medical potential.
Effects of Aducanumab on treating Alzheimer’s disease: targets and clinical trials
Authors: Huang Baoyi
Published: August 2022

These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for DRP. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic file of your paper will be formatted further at DRP. Paper titles should be written in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts in the title; short formulas that identify the elements are fine (e.g., "Nd-Fe-B"). Do not write “(Invited)” in the title. Full names of authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required. Put a space between authors’ initials. The abstract must be a concise yet comprehensive reflection of what is in your article. In particular, the abstract must be self-contained, without abbreviations, footnotes, or references. It should be a microcosm of the full article. The abstract must be between 100 - 300 words. Be sure that you adhere to these limits; otherwise, you will need to edit your abstract accordingly. The abstract must be written as one paragraph, and should not contain displayed mathematical equations or tabular material. The abstract should include three or four different keywords or phrases, as this will help readers to find it. It is important to avoid over-repetition of such phrases as this can result in a page being rejected by search engines. Ensure that your abstract reads well and is grammatically correct.
Role of Tepotinib, Capmatinib and Crizotinib in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Sun Yilan , Wu Yuwei , Zheng Yuyan
Published: August 2022

c-MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in cell proliferation. However, when c-MET is abnormally activated, it becomes a carcinogen through some genetic mechanism. Mutation of METex14 is one of the reasons of abnormal activation of MET, which has been found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. NSCLC is unresectable, prone to recurrence, and threatens the life of patients. Currently, only a few multi-targeted drugs are available to treat the disease. This review summarizes the effect of three targeted drugs on NSCLC. The drug tepotinib has shown promising clinical effects in the treatment of NSCLC by inhibiting MET mutations. Crizotinib is a drug widely used to treat NSCLC, but it needs to be determined whether crizotinib is effective in other cancers. Capmatinib is also a MET inhibitor, which has high selectivity and powerful curative effect, as well as safety in clinical trials. Further studies are needed to explore the clinical application of tepotinib, capmatinib, and crizotinib.
lung capacity testing prototype for covid-19 and other chronic resiratory diseases severity assessment
Authors: Xu Wenjie
Published: August 2022

To estimate the severity of different Covid-19 infections, the current lung capabilities of patients are one of the most important inspects. This paper explores practical redesigns of a spirometer, in this way, when patients exhale, the volume and time can be recorded, using comparatively inexpensive load cells as a substitute for commercial spirometers. When exhaling into the one end of a tube, the plate at the other end will be deflected. With this plate connected to a beam and load cell, the force of a patient’s respiration can be recorded over time. This data can be applied to calculate the required metrics at a small cost. Before actual prototyping the device, sample data of normal breathes will determines the geometry of the beam, primarily the length. Reasonable length is estimated which would create deflection given a range of expected forces. In order to apply the load cell in an effective way, Wheatstone bridge circuit is necessary. To make sure the output voltage reflects the force input correctly, the bridge needs to be balanced. The signal is amplified using an IC-741 op amp. The need for gain is calculated in accordance with a range of flow rates; a healthy person ought to create an output of 0-2 volts with a breath, so that it allows for high resolution output from the DAQ. Another amplifier is utilized to eliminate aliasing. To ensure accurate datum, the load cell is tuned with known weight output on the end of the beam. This configuration gauged the force and volume output from a bicycle pump.)
Gli enti sportivi di ispirazione religiosa. Il caso del ‘Centro Sportivo Italiano’
Authors: Ivaldi Maria Cristina
Published: August 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Osservazioni introduttive circa la disciplina degli enti religiosi alla luce del codice del Terzo settore - 2. Cenni al binomio sport-religione - 3. Il caso del Centro Sportivo Italiano (CSI) - 4. Brevi considerazioni conclusive alla luce del documento “Dare il meglio di sé”.

Religious inspired sports bodies. The ‘Centro Sportivo Italiano’ case.

ABSTRACT: After an overview and highlighting of the most recent changes introduced to the Code of the Third Sector and of the wide range of interplay and frictions between religion and sport, from a legal perspective, the contribution focuses on the religious inspired sports bodies. Among these, the paper discusses the case of the Centro Sportivo Italiano and examines its statutes and association pact that outline the Catholic religious orientation. The essay ends by considering the 2018 document “Giving the best of yourself” of the Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life, which can be described as the first real Catholic manifesto on the Catholic perspective on sport and human person.
Santa Sede e debito illegittimo.Il cammino verso la Corte internazionale di giustizia (2015-2022)
Authors: Coppola Raffaele
Published: August 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Il discorso del Santo Padre Francesco (Santa Sede in senso proprio) ai membri dell’Assemblea Generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite - 2. La posizione della Santa Sede in senso lato e dei vertici della Chiesa italiana - 3. Odierne prospettive nella linea di lavoro politico - 4. La via africana sul debito - 5. Argentina e Fondo Monetario Internazionale (FMI).

Holy See and illegitimate debt. The path to the International Court of Justice (2015-2022)

ABSTRACT: This work offers a synthesis of the main steps of the process towards the International Court of Justice, accomplished over a seven-year period by the Holy See and the Cartel of jurists inspired by the Charter of Sant’Agata de’ Goti – Declaration on Usury and International Debt (1997). The starting point is Holy Father Francis’ speech at the United Nations General Assembly (New York, September 25, 2015), where the devastating deviations of speculative finance were condemned. Next, the points of convergence with the positions taken on the matter by the Italian Bishops’ Conference (CEI) are described, as well as today’s perspectives on debt and the International Court of Justice, in the line of political engagement, with regard to the Gentiloni government and the first Conte government. Completing the discussion is a report on what the author calls the African way on debt and an in-depth look at the differences from a recent wide-ranging initiative aimed at resolving the long-standing issue of the Argentine debt.
La censura cinematografica nel cinema documentario. I "mondo movie" e il filone africano, alcuni casi di studio
Authors: Tassinari Cosimo
Published: August 2022

In the present essay, I will investigate the role of censorship in Italian Mondo films made in the 1960s and 1970s, such as Africa addio (1966, Gualtiero Jacopetti, Franco Prosperi), Africa segreta (1969, Angelo Castiglioni, Alfredo Castiglioni, Guido Guerrasio), Africa ama (1971, Angelo Castiglioni, Alfredo Castiglioni, Guido Guerrasio). In particular, I will focus my analysis on the works made by Angelo and Alfredo Castiglioni with Guido Guerrasio. In addition to their relationship with censorship boards, their film – despite some similarities with Mondo genre – demonstrates the attempt to elaborate a different projectin the subgenre dedicated to the African continent.
Educare alla purezza: modelli pedagogici e politica cinematografica nel cattolicesimo italiano
Authors: Della Maggiore Gianluca
Published: August 2022

Between the late nineteenth century and the World War I, several factors pushed secular and Catholic educational agencies to theorize pedagogical lines specifically aimed at governing individual sexuality. In the Catholic sphere, the pedagogical proposal hinged on an almost complete, even terminological, removal of sex and sexuality: that dimension of human life was veiled and compressed within a bipolar linguistic horizon: at one extreme “purity”, at the other “instincts”, “passions” and “senses”. The construction phase of this pedagogical model – which in its various transformations was central at least until the 1960s – coincided in practice with the first diffusion of cinema, going on to profoundly influence the Catholic approach to the new medium: in the atlas of Catholic pedagogy, cinema was immediately catalogued among the most resolute opponents of the “angelic virtue” of “purity”. This contribution intends to propose a long-term analysis aimed at highlighting the evolution of the relationship between this pedagogical model and film policy in Catholicism, identifying the links between this relationship and the progressive sexualization of Italian cinema.
Norberto Bobbio: libertà dell’arte, censura ed erotismo
Authors: Vignati Rinaldo
Published: August 2022

The philosopher Norberto Bobbio was an important exponent of Italian liberalism and exerted considerable influence on Italian political thought of the second half of the twentieth century. The article examines the few texts by Bobbio relating to cinema. These are three essays published between 1961 and 1962 concerning censorship, freedom of art and eroticism. In these essays Bobbio expresses an opinion contrary to censorship but he critically judges the spread of eroticism in cinema and literature. He therefore calls for an evolution of customs capable of setting limits on erotic excesses. The underestimation of rules – also noted by other commentators in references to other areas of his thought – is a weakness in Bobbio’s reflection of censorship
Validazione della versione italiana della White Fast-track Scoring Criteria: uno studio prospettico osservazionale
Authors: Casati Paola , Sansone Claudia Maria
Published: August 2022

INTRODUZIONE: Nelle ore immediatamente successive alla dimissione dalla sala operatoria i pazienti sottoposti a intervento chirurgico sono soggetti a eventi avversi. La scala “White Fast-Track” è adatta a rilevare precocemente il rischio di complicanze postoperatorie, tuttavia, non risulta esser validata in italiano. Inoltre, per consentire una sorveglianza post-operatoria complete, dovrebbe essere completata con parametri aggiuntivi.
OBIETTIVI: Questo studio si propone di tradurre e validare in italiano la scala “White fast-track scoring criteria” e di realizzarne una versione modificata per ottenere una valutazione più completa degli interventi di chirurgia maggiore.
METODI: Studio quantitativo, osservazionale, prospettico, monocentrico, su un campione non randomizzato di pazienti di almeno 18 anni, sottoposti a chirurgia generale, toracica, vascolare, urologica, ortopedica, ginecologica, endocrinologica, mammaria, naso-gola o facciale, nella sala di rianimazione di un ospedale universitario di Milano.
RISULTATI: Sono stati arruolati 250 pazienti. La scala originale ha mostrato una buona affidabilità inter-rater, consistenza interna e affidabilità test-retest; lo stesso vale per la versione modificata. La scala originale ha permesso di identificare 18 pazienti a rischio; la versione modificata ne ha identificati 20 che avrebbero potuto essere dimessi secondo i criteri originali e che in realtà hanno sviluppato complicanze postoperatorie.
DISCUSSIONE: La versione italiana della “White fast-track scoring criteria” sembra attestarsi come uno strumento valido e può essere utilizzato dal personale infermieristico per effettuare un'adeguata sorveglianza postoperatoria finalizzata a prevenire le complicanze postoperatorie precoci.
CONCLUSIONI:La versione modificata riflette la reale sorveglianza effettuata in recovery room e mostra affidabilità, sensibilità e specificità soddisfacenti rispetto allo strumento originale
Additions to the flora of Himachal Pradesh from Sirmaur district – II
Authors: Lal Krishan , Rawat Gopal
Published: August 2022

Five species of angiosperms are being reported here for the first time from the state of Himachal Pradesh. These are Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston, Glycosmis arborea (Roxb.) DC., Ipomoea sindica Stapf, Polygala erioptera DC. and Ventilago denticulata Willd. All species were collected from Sirmaur District during recent floristic surveys.
Leaf fodder production in Mulberry by organic farming practices
Authors: Singh P. , Bhatt M. , Khan M.
Published: August 2022

A study was conducted to investigate the suitable organic components of eco-friendly nature in tree type of mulberry cultivation. The S-146 tree plantation, planted during 2002 were utilized for the study. Cultural operations like pruning, digging, weeding, etc. were adopted as per the recommended packages. Different combinations of input were applied and one control was also kept where no input was applied. The experiment was repeated thrice in both seasons (spring and autumn) and leaf yield was collected by randomly selecting 3 plants from each replication. It was found that in T2 treatment (application of Sericulture waste @ 10 t/ha/yr) + green manuring with Dhaincha (Sesbania aculeate) seeds inoculated with Rhizobium bacteria + FYM (10t/ha/yr) + vermicompost (05 t/ha/yr) + rock phosphate (50 kg/ha/yr) + liquid Biophos and Biopotash (500ml each/ha after mixing in 200 litre water) recorded maximum leaf yield (9.93 t/h/yr) as against 6.37 t/h/yr in control (without input). The leaf produced by application of different organics in T2 treatment was found improved total soluble protein (15.85%) and fibre (11.68%) as against 14.29 and 10.24 in control respectively. The cocoon quality also improved in treatment T2, by recording more silk ratio (SR%) 19.89, filament length (1025 m) and non-breakable filament length (1025 m) as against 18.33%, 995 m and 856 m respectively in control (T6 where no NPK was applied). This package is eco-friendly in which low external inputs involved and local resources are effectively recycled.
Diversity, distribution and conservation status of raw edible plant resources of the Madgram Watershed, Lahaul Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Paul Shiv
Published: August 2022

The paper records the occurrence of 34 raw edible plants collected from the Madgram Watershed in the Lahaul Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Of the total 34 raw edible plants recorded, 12 species were native to the Himalayan Region and 7 species were native to the Himalayan and other biogeographical regions together. Ephedra gerardiana, Rheum australe and Sinopodophyllum hexandrum are endangered. Bunium persicum, Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. turkestanica and Rheum webbianum are vulnerable. Leaves and fruits were utilized in majority cases. Due to habitat degradation, overexploitation and changing environmental conditions, the populations of these wild edibles are facing high pressure. Therefore, frequent monitoring of habitats, populations, mass multiplication, education and awareness for the local inhabitants and people’s participation in conservation of wild edibles have been suggested.
Neoplasia Testicular Mixta de Células Germinales Bilateral Metacrónico: Reporte de un Caso
Authors: López Balcarcel Stephanie Judith , Tercero Cabrera Gustavo Ricardo , Barbales Irias Hugo Roberto , Ortiz Herrera Marco Antonio , González Reynoso Gustavo Eduardo
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Los tumores testiculares representan el 1% de las neoplasias en el sexo masculino, con mayor incidencia entre los 15 y 35 años, el 95% de ellos van a ser de células germinales de tipo seminoma. El 2 % de los pacientes pueden desarrollar un tumor bilateral de manera sincrónica o metacrónica, esta última se presenta en la mayoría de los casos a los 5 años , sin embargo se puede presentar hasta 10 años después del tumor primario. Objetivo: Presentar el caso clínico de un paciente con un tumor de células germinales mixto metacrónico desarrollado 7 años despues del tumor primario y su manejo quirúrgico. Métodos: Se realiza estudios de imagen y marcadores tumorales al paciente y se somete a orquiectomía radical, reportando epidídimo y cordón espermático sin anormalidades histológicas, libres de neoplasia, con adecuada evolución postoperatoria y manejo con terapia hormonal. Conclusiones: El tratamiento para un tumor bilateral, al igual qué unilateral dependerá del tipo histológico, la presencia de metástasis y los marcadores tumorales, siendo la orquiectomía radical el tratamiento de elección, acompañado de terapia hormonal o radioterapia. Los tumores testiculares tienen un excelente pronóstico, aún presentándose en estadios avanzados, por lo que es importante el seguimiento estricto luego de haber tratado un tumor primario.
Experiencia y Revisión de la Literatura en el Manejo de la Gangrena de Fournier en un Hospital de Referencia en Ecuador, 2019-2020.
Authors: Alarcón Salvador Juan Felipe , Lascano Gallegos Juan José , Amores Heredia Evelyn Dayana
Published: August 2022

La gangrena de Fournier es considerada como una fascitis necrotizante polimicrobiana e idiopática que afecta a zonas perineal, genital y perianal, presenta una alta morbimortalidad por la rápida evolución del proceso. Objetivo: Evidenciar tratamiento farmacológico y quirúrgico, así como microorganismos encontrados en casos de pacientes con gangrena de Fournier del Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio Espejo. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se analizaron 7 casos de individuos entre los años 2019-2020, de los cuales se excluyeron 3 casos. Asimismo, se valoró información sobre datos clínicos, epidemiológicos y tratamiento. Resultados: De los 7 casos estudiados, el 100% fueron de sexo masculino, la edad media fue de 56 años, 5 del total de casos con antecedentes patológicos personales presentaron hipertensión arterial e hiperplasia prostática benigna. El tiempo promedio para intervención quirúrgica fue de 21.5 horas. El total de los pacientes fueron tratados con limpieza quirúrgica y antibioticoterapia de amplio espectro, y todos requirieron reintervención quirúrgica. Ninguno de los pacientes presentó complicaciones quirúrgicas, ningún paciente falleció hasta 18 meses después del seguimiento. Discusión: El propósito del tratamiento es la reducción de la toxicidad sistémica, eliminar los microorganismos causantes y controlar la progresión de la infección junto con la extirpación de tejido necrótico. Conclusión: Es imprescindible la instauración de un diagnóstico, así como un tratamiento antibiótico y quirúrgico oportunos, ya que esta patología se considera de progresión inmediata, con una alta tasa de mortalidad y secuelas severas.
Historia de la Radioterapia en el Tratamiento del Cancer de Próstata
Authors: Vásquez Rivas Walter
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre la historia y desarrollo de la Radioterapia en el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata. Antecedentes:  El cáncer de próstata es el 2do más frecuente tras el cáncer de mama con tasas muy altas de curación en estadios localizados.  Entre los tratamientos radicales contamos con la cirugía y la radioterapia en sus diferentes modalidades. La radioterapia se ha desarrollado de manera importante en las últimas décadas y es un tratamiento eficaz. Resultados:  Describimos una breve historia sobre el descubrimiento de la radiación y el desarrollo de los tratamientos con Radioterapia en el cáncer de próstata como son la Braquiterapia, Radioterapia Externa 3D, IMRT y SBRT. Conclusiones:  La radioterapia como tratamiento del cáncer de próstata ha evolucionado de gran manera en cuanto a tecnología, control local, efectos secundarios y comodidad de los pacientes contando con técnicas tan avanzadas como son la SBRT y tratamientos en tan solo 5 días con tasas de recurrencia local a 7 años de hasta 93,7 %.
Implementasi Model ATIK dalam Pembelajaran Motorik Halus melalui Media Origami di Taman Kanak Kanak
Authors: Marietta Febriana , Watini Sri
Published: August 2022

Anak usia dini adalah anak yang berada pada rentang usia 0-6 tahun. Pada masa ini seluruh aspek perkembangan anak berkembang dengan pesat. Seluruh aspek perkembangan harus distimulasi dengan baik dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu aspek perkembangan yang penting untuk menunjang perkembangan yang lain pada anak adalah kemampuan motorik halusnya. Banyak kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan di sekolah maupun di rumah untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus pada anak usia dini.  Kegiatan melipat kertas merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan model ATIK dalam pembelajaran motorik halus melalui media origami di Taman Kanak Kanak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui tahap analisa data model Miles dan Huberman dimana subjek penelitian yaitu peserta didik usia 5-6 tahun di TK Mulia Bethany Bekasi Timur. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan reduksi display dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setelah mengimplementasikan model ATIK kemampuan anak menekan kertas dengan ujung jari, jari-jari anak menjadi lebih lentur, serta koordinasi mata dan tangan meningkat. Sehingga hasil lipatan kertas yang dilakukan oleh anak terlihat lebih rapi, presisi dan sesuai dengan bentuk yang diinginkan tanpa bantuan guru. Bahkan anak bisa menyelesaikan lipatan sampai tahap akhir.
Atendimento odontológico em tempos de COVID-19: avaliação da taxa de infecção e impacto econômico entre dentistas do estado do Paraná, Brasil.
Authors: Greco Mariane Gabrielly
Published: August 2022

Em 2020, a pandemia de COVID-19 exerceu grandes impactos no mundo todo. Novos protocolos de biossegurança foram adotados para impedir ou minimizar a disseminação do vírus, o que impactou diretamente a área da saúde. Os profissionais atuantes nesta área foram considerados aqueles com maior propensão à contaminação, devido ao fato da constante exposição ao vírus. Neste grupo de profissionais da saúde, destacam-se os cirurgiões-dentistas, que no exercício de sua profissão possuíam contato direto com aerossóis e gotículas potencialmente contaminadas, principalmente devido ao uso das canetas rotatórias refrigeradas, que disseminavam com maior facilidade tais partículas. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo é identificar a taxa de contaminação de COVID-19 por parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas e relacioná-la com os impactos econômicos que a pandemia exerceu sobre esses profissionais, visto que o número de procedimentos eletivos dentro dos consultórios odontológicos sofreu uma queda brusca nesse período. Conclui-se que apesar dos dentistas terem sido considerados os profissionais de saúde mais propensos a se contaminarem pela COVID-19, os mesmos apresentaram baixos índices de contaminação, onde a maioria dos casos de contágio ocorreu antes do processo de vacinação. Já em relação aos impactos econômicos, a grande maioria dos cirurgiões-dentistas sofreu com a queda de demanda dos atendimentos, ocasionando uma redução dos rendimentos financeiros.
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Psychological safety of remotely facilitated simulation compared with in-person-facilitated simulation: an in situ experimental controlled trial
Authors: Reece Sharon , Grant Vincent , Simard Kristin , Johnson Monika , Robinson Samantha , Mundell Annamaria Diane , Terpstra Nadine , Ward Simon , Cronin Theresa , Dubé Mirette , Kaba Alyshah
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic motivated simulation educators to attempt various forms of distance simulation in order to maintain physical distancing and to rapidly deliver training and ensure systems preparedness. However, the perceived psychological safety in distance simulation remains largely unknown. A psychologically unsafe environment can negatively impact team dynamics and learning outcomes; therefore, it merits careful consideration with the adoption of any new learning modality.

Between October 2020 and April 2021, 11 rural and remote hospitals in Alberta, Canada, were enrolled by convenience sampling in in-person-facilitated simulation (IPFS) (n = 82 participants) or remotely facilitated simulation (RFS) (n = 66 participants). Each interprofessional team was invited to attend two COVID-19-protected intubation simulation sessions. An

There was no statistically significant difference between RFS and IPFS total scores on the

Psychological safety can be established and maintained with RFS. Furthermore, in this study, RFS was shown to be comparable to IPFS in improving psychological safety among rural and remote interdisciplinary teams, providing simulation educators another modality for reaching any site or team.
Agricultural culture among secondary school students in rural Peru
Authors: Hinojosa Yzarra Lizangela Aurelia , Salas Contreras William Herminio , Yzarra Aguilar Adelfa , Vargas Sacha Hipólito , Soto Carbajal Demetrio
Published: August 2022

The research problem is centered on the lack of agricultural education proposals for a sustainable life project in rural Peruvian students at the secondary level. The present study has the purpose of developing a documentary diagnosis on the situation of agricultural education of students in rural areas, at the secondary level, considering as bases of the model the didactic, psycho-pedagogical and gnoseological characterization that allows the systematization of a proposal, exercising for it a bibliographic scrutiny of the state of the art in its heuristic and hermeneutic phases with the historiographic analysis on the teaching-learning of students according to the secondary level in rural areas. The present work is descriptive and propositive, so it is based on an urgent requirement within Peruvian institutions. Theoretical aspects will be contributed as support for other studies concerning the education sector. Within the framework of a practical significance is the preparation of an agricultural education offer for the improvement of the sustainable life project. It is concluded that the curricula offered by the educational institutions do not cover the training deficiencies of the students in their agricultural activities.
Evaluate Sustainability of Using Autonomous Vehicles for the Last-mile Delivery Industry
Authors:   Coventry Business School, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom, Linghan Huang
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine if autonomous vehicles (AV) for last-mile deliveries are sustainable from three perspectives: social, environmental, and economic. Because of the relevance of AV application for last-mile delivery, safety was only addressed for the sake of societal sustainability. According to this study, it is rather safe to deploy AVs for delivery since current society's speed restriction and decent road conditions give the foundation for AVs to run safely for last-mile delivery in metropolitan areas. Furthermore, AV has a distinct advantage in the event of a pandemic. The biggest worry for environmental sustainability is the emission problem. In terms of a series of emissions, it is established that AV has a substantial benefit in terms of emission reduction. This is mostly due to the differences in driving behaviour between autonomous cars and human vehicles. Because of AV's commercial character, this research used a quantitative approach to highlight the economic sustainability of AV. The study demonstrates the economic benefit of AV for various carrying capacities.
An Internet – of – Things enabled Smart Fire Fighting System
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul – 624 002, Tamilnadu, India, R. Subhaa , V. Kandavel ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul – 624 002, Tamilnadu, India, V. Nitheshkumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul – 624 002, Tamilnadu, India, P. Naveen Kumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul – 624 002, Tamilnadu, India, N. Parthasarathi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul – 624 002, Tamilnadu, India, T. Ponsankar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul – 624 002, Tamilnadu, India
Published: August 2022

Fire accident is a mishap that could be either man made or natural. Fire accident occurs frequently and can be controlled but may at time result in severe loss of life and property. Many a times fire fighters struggle to sort out the exact source of fire as it is continuously flammable and it spreads all over the area. On this concern, we have designed an Internet- of Things (IoT) based device which sorts out the exact source of fire through a software and hardware devices and also the complete detail of an area can be visualized by fire fighters which are preinstalled in the software itself. Because of our system's intelligence in decision making during fire fighting, the proposed system is claimed as ‘Smart Fire Fighting System The implementation of the smart fire fighting system can make the fire fighters to analyze the current situation immediately and make the decision quicker in an effective manner. Because of this system, fire losses in a building can be greatly reduced and many lives can be rescued immediately and moreover fire spread can also be restricted.
Application of mesh elastic bandage in wet compress fixation for patients with thoracic and abdominal herpes zoster
Authors: Li Li , Zumei Gao , Yachun Yao
Published: August 2022

Objective: To evaluate the applied effect of mesh elastic bandage in wet compress fixation for patients with thoracic and abdominal herpes zoster. Methods: 85 patients with thoracic and abdominal herpes zoster hospitalized in dermatology from April 2021 to June 2022 were selected in this study, which requires wet compress with 3% borate lotion.. 43 subjects were admitted as control group and 42 patients were admitted as observation group. The control group used the conventional method for wet compress and the observation group was ring fixed with "mesh elastic bandage" on the basis of the conventional method. After 2 weeks of treatment, the number of wet compress pad displacement, satisfaction and effect of wet compress treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: The number of wet compress pad displacement in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05), and the satisfaction and treatment effect of wet compress treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: External fixation using elastic bandage for patients with thoracic and abdominal herpes zoster during wet compress treatment can significantly reduce the number of wet compress displacement, improve patients' satisfaction and ensure the therapeutic effect. This fixation method can be used as a clinical reference.
El indulto presidencial, principales elementos jurídicos en la legislación ecuatoriana
Authors: Montaño Escobar Juan Carlos , Gonzalez Sigcho. Andrea Katherine
Published: August 2022

La Constitución de la República del Ecuador, entre sus principios y garantías, otorga un apartado especial a las personas privadas de la libertad. Dentro de las mismas consta el Indulto, con singularización y exclusividad de las atribuciones que tiene la Asamblea Nacional para concederla o negarla, previa la iniciativa y petición del Presidente de la República. El Indulto, establece la condonación a una pena privativa de libertad en materia penal, y para este fin se ha estructurado en normas constitucionales y legales, el procedimiento y las condiciones para que la misma se concrete, a favor de quien la requiera, previo los requisitos de Ley. El presente estudio, pone en consideración aquellos elementos que han servido para que la figura jurídica del indulto, en nuestra legislación se constituya como una posibilidad jurídica de obtener la libertad; pero que pudiendo ser para todos aquellos que cumplen una pena de reclusión, no favorece a todos en la realidad.

A través de los métodos investigativos científicos, como el exegético, analítico y bibliográfico, se desarrolla una línea investigativa proyectada a explicar ampliamente la figura del Indulto, sus características y la forma en que se desarrolla en nuestra legislación ecuatoriana. Todos estos métodos de investigación, nos llevarán a obtener elementos jurídicos que analizados íntegramente, nos darán como resultado el establecer si esta garantía, cumple con una función practicable y realizable en nuestra legislación