bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of hot QCD matter — Current status and developments
Authors: Das Santosh K. , Palni Prabhakar , Sannigrahi Jhuma , Alam Jan-e , Aung Cho Win , Bailung Yoshini , Banerjee Debjani , Barnaföldi Gergely Gábor , Behera Subash Chandra , Bhaduri Partha Pratim , Bhadury Samapan , Biswas Rajesh , Chakraborty Pritam , Chandra Vinod , Das Prottoy , Dash Sadhana , Datta Saumen , De Sudipan , Desai Vaishnavi , Deb Suman , Dey Debarshi , Dey Jayanta , Ghosh Sabyasachi , Haque Najmul , Hasan Mujeeb , Jaiswal Amaresh , Jaiswal Sunil , Jena Chitrasen , Gowthama K K , Khan Salman Ahamad , Kumar Lokesh , Kundu Sumit Kumar , Kurian Manu , Mallick Neelkamal , Mishra Aditya Nath , Mitra Sukanya , Naik Lakshmi J. , Padhan Sonali , Panda Ankit Kumar , Panday Pushpa , Patil Suvarna , Patra Binoy Krishna , Pooja  , Pradhan Raghunath , Pradhan Girija Sankar , Prakash Jai , Prasad Suraj , Pujahari Prabhat R. , Rath Shubhalaxmi , Rode Sudhir Pandurang , Roy Ankhi , Roy Victor , Ruggieri Marco , Rohan V. S. , Sahoo Raghunath , Sahoo Nihar Ranjan , Sahu Dushmanta , Sarkar Nachiketa , Sarkar Sreemoyee , Satapathy Sarthak , Singh Captain R. , Sreekanth V. , Sreelakshmi K. , Sumit  , Thakur Dhananjaya , Tripathy Sushanta , Win Thandar Zaw ,   authors
Published: October 2022

The discovery of hot and dense quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter, known as Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP), is an essential milestone in understanding the finite temperature QCD medium. Experimentalists around the world collect an unprecedented amount of data in heavy ion collisions, at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in New York, USA, and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. The experimentalists analyze these data to unravel the mystery of this new phase of matter that filled a few microseconds old universe just after the Big Bang. Recent advancements in theory, experimental techniques, and high computing facilities help us to better interpret experimental observations in heavy ion collisions. The exchange of ideas between experimentalists and theorists is crucial for the characterization of QGP. The motivation of this first conference, named Hot QCD Matter 2022 is to bring the community together to have a discourse on this topic. In this paper, there are 36 sections discussing various topics in the field of relativistic heavy ion collisions and related phenomena that cover a snapshot of the current experimental observations and theoretical progress. This paper begins with the theoretical overview of relativistic spin-hydrodynamics in the presence of the external magnetic field, followed by the Lattice QCD results on heavy quarks in QGP. Finally, it concludes with an overview of experimental results.
SURFACE EROSION PERFORMANCE OF YTTRIUM OXIDE BLENDED WC-12CO THERMALLY SPRAYED COATING FOR MILD STEEL
Authors: KUMAR PRASHANT , KUMAR SATISH , SINGH VARINDER , RATHA DWARIKANATH
Published: October 2022

This study is conducted to examine the tribological performance of WC-12Co coating and WC-12Co mixed with yttrium oxide coating applied on mild steel. Mild steel machinery is usually used for hydropower generation but the sediments present along with the river water cause wear on the machinery surface. DUCOM slurry pot tester setup was used for the experiments. This study was based on the coatings of WC-12Co as well as the mixing of yttrium oxide with WC-12Co powder in various proportions ranging from 1–3% by weight on mild steel. The high-velocity oxygen fuel thermal spray coating process was used to deposit a microlayer coating on the mild steel. It is observed that the microhardness of the coatings increases with the addition of yttrium oxide. The experiments were carried out varying the concentration, rotational speed, and test duration in the range of 10–40% by weight, 750–1500[Formula: see text]rev/min, and 30–120[Formula: see text]min duration, respectively. It is observed that the WC-12Co+2%Y2O3 coating has a higher erosion resistance.
A REVIEW ON ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE GRINDING: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: KULSHRESTHA AKSHAT SRIVASTAVA , MERTIYA ABHIMANYU SINGH , UNUNE DEEPAK RAJENDRA , DARGAR ASHOK KUMAR
Published: October 2022

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is widely applied for machining difficult-to-cut materials in mold and die industries. However, the major limitations associated with the EDM are low productivity and poor surface integrity of the machined surfaces. In recent years, several developments have been applied to overcome such limitations of EDM. Electrical discharge grinding (EDG) is a hybrid machining process that simultaneously involves the spark erosion action of EDM and the mechanical abrasion action of the grinding wheel for the material removal purpose. The rotating motion of the grinding wheel also contributes to the easy removal of debris particles, thereby improving the material removal. It is evident from the literature that the rotating motion of the grinding wheel enhances the flushing mechanism resulting in better performance of the process. This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of the research carried out in EDG, highlighting the result of the experimental, modeling, and optimization techniques applied in this area. Initially, the background of EDM and the need for hybrid EDM processes have been presented. Then, a few hybrid EDM processes have been discussed, addressing their advantages and limitations. Further, the concept of EDG and electrical discharge diamond grinding (EDDG) has been discussed, along with the classification of the EDDG process. Finally, this paper explores the current research status and future research perspective in the area of EDG and EDDG processes.
A Practical Longitudinal Buckling Analysis Method of Spatial Diamond-Shaped Pylon Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Zheng Xing , Huang Qiao , Zheng Qing-Gang , Shen Kong-Jian
Published: October 2022

The stability performance is a crucial factor when designing cable-stayed bridges. In addition, spatial diamond-shaped pylon is a novel pylon type applied in bridge engineering. Therefore, the stability analysis of spatial diamond-shaped pylon cable-stayed bridge is of great research value. In this paper, a practical longitudinal buckling analysis method is developed based on energy approach. The possible longitudinal buckling of the top pylon column, the mid pylon columns, and the girder are all considered in the proposed method. The total potential energy of spatial diamond-shaped pylon, girder, and cables is calculated. Then, the buckling coefficients and buckling modes are obtained by the principle of stationary potential energy. The Changtai Yangtze River Bridge is taken as an example, and the accuracy of the proposed method is verified by comparing the results with those of the finite element method. Furthermore, a parametric study is conducted to confirm the applicability of the proposed method. Design parameters, including the stiffness distribution of the structure and the inclination angle of the mid pylon column, are varied. Finally, the appropriate degrees of polynomial functions when hypothesizing buckling modes of different components are discussed.
Deviation principles of a stochastic Leray-α system with fractional dissipation
Authors: Wang Yueyang , Chen Guanggan , Yang Min
Published: October 2022

This work is concerned with a stochastic Leray-[Formula: see text] system with fractional dissipation driven by multiplicative noise. It establishes the central limit theorem of the stochastic system. Moreover, building a new auxiliary system and using the classical weak convergence approach, it derives the moderate deviation principle of the stochastic system.
Optimal Solution Accoutrement for Crew Scheduling Problem: An Innovative Solution Approach Predicating on a Tailor-Made DSS
Authors: Yılmaz Kaya Burcu , Dağdeviren Metin
Published: October 2022

Reducing costs on resource consumption against volatile economic environment and market structures is the main concern and key to leadership as constant concern of all industries. Crew scheduling has vital importance, especially in service sector, to manage the most unmeasurable and imponderable resource and cardinal element, human. Due to its NP-Hard structure, although mathematically modeling it is possible, it is nearly impossible to optimally solve it solely relying on mathematical modeling solution methodologies. This study proposes a tailor-made decision support system (DSS) to derive the optimal solution to crew scheduling problem as integer linear programming (ILP) models. The proposed DSS-based ILP approach was introduced on the optimal solution of a large-scaled real-world airline crew scheduling problem considering 189 daily flights and 14402 possible weekly routes. Additional computational experiments were performed to prove that the proposed DSS could be used for practical support with agility and efficiency on variant real-life scheduling decisions.
Comparative asymptotics for discrete semiclassical orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Dominici Diego
Published: October 2022

We study the ratio [Formula: see text] asymptotically as [Formula: see text], where the polynomials [Formula: see text] are orthogonal with respect to a discrete linear functional and [Formula: see text] denote the falling factorial polynomials. We give recurrences that allow the computation of high order asymptotic expansions of [Formula: see text] and give examples for most discrete semiclassical polynomials of class [Formula: see text]. We show several plots illustrating the accuracy of our results.
Semi-Analytical Large Deformation and Three-Dimensional Stress Analyses of Pressurized Finite-Length Thick-Walled Incompressible Hyperelastic Cylinders and Pipes
Authors: Ariatapeh M. Yazdani , Shariyat M. , Khosravi M.
Published: October 2022

This research is devoted to semi-analytical stress and large deformation analyses of finite-length thick-walled incompressible Mooney–Rivlin hyperelastic cylindrical pressure vessels/pipes with fixed ends, employing the three-dimensional theory of hyperelasticity. The formulation accounts for the thickness reduction in both radial and axial directions. The governing system of equations and the boundary conditions are assembled using a large-weights penalty method, after utilizing central, forward, and backward second-order point collocation expressions for the discretization of the thick hollow cylinder in both longitudinal and radial directions. The resulting coupled highly nonlinear two-dimensional equations are solved by the Newton–Raphson iterative updating technique. The results include the radial, axial, and three-dimensional distributions of the deformations and all the stress components. Comprehensive parametric studies are accomplished to evaluate the effects of the hyperelasticity parameters, boundary conditions, and thickness and length-to-radius ratios of the pressure vessel/pipe. Results reveal that the sections located in the vicinity of the fixed edges and the mid-section of the cylinder undergo the highest stresses, at low and high pressures, respectively. Moreover, while the pipe undergoes an overall expansion due to the internal pressure, it experiences a bending moment that induces compressive stresses at the outer boundary, due to the fixed edge. The magnitudes of the radial deformation and the circumferential stress significantly grow by increasing the cylinder length and the nonlinearities in the cylinder responses and behaviors increase by increasing the cylinder length.
Design of CDs/SiO2 Composite Phosphors via a Double Hydrolysis Reaction and their Expectable Luminescence Performance
Authors: Ding Qihui , Zhong Shilong , Lv Yingying , Yu Leshu , Wang Junyan , Peng Siyan , Yang Liusai
Published: October 2022

Carbon dots (CDs), as an emerging carbon material, have attracted considerable interest for their promising luminescent properties. However, the inevitable aggregation of CDs in solid-state results in some bottleneck problems such as aggregation-induced quenching and foster resonance energy transfer. Therefore, developing solid-sate CDs with good luminescent performance is still a challenge. Herein, a simple and low-cost approach is presented to prepare the solid-state CDs/SiO2 composite in which the CDs were well dispersed and embedded in inorganic silica gel, hence restraining the natural issues of the solid-state CDs. As expected, the CDs/SiO2 composite phosphors showed higher fluorescence intensity about twice than the CDs aqueous solution, and a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 21%. This work would be of significance for the preparation of CDs and even their practical applications.
Machine Learning Prediction of Locomotion Intention from Walking and Gaze Data
Authors: Bremer Gianni , Stein Niklas , Lappe Markus
Published: October 2022

In many applications of human–computer interaction, a prediction of the human’s next intended action is highly valuable. To control direction and orientation of the body when walking towards a goal, a walking person relies on visual input obtained by eye and head movements. The analysis of these parameters might allow us to infer the intended goal of the walker. However, such a prediction of human locomotion intentions is a challenging task, since interactions between these parameters are nonlinear and highly dynamic. We employed machine learning models to investigate if walk and gaze data can be used for locomotor prediction. We collected training data for the models in a virtual reality experiment in which 18 participants walked freely through a virtual environment while performing various tasks (walking in a curve, avoiding obstacles and searching for a target). The recorded position, orientation- and eye-tracking data was used to train an LSTM model to predict the future position of the walker on two different time scales, short-term predictions of 50[Formula: see text]ms and long-term predictions of 2.5[Formula: see text]s. The trained LSTM model predicted free walking paths with a mean error of 5.14[Formula: see text]mm for the short-term prediction and 65.73[Formula: see text]cm for the long-term prediction. We then investigated how much the different features (direction and orientation of the head and body and direction of gaze) contributed to the prediction quality. For short-term predictions, position was the most important feature while orientation and gaze did not provide a substantial benefit. In long-term predictions, gaze and orientation of the head and body provided significant contributions. Gaze offered the greatest predictive utility in situations in which participants were walking short distances or in which participants changed their walking speed.
Electric field-induced phase transition from the glasslike to paraelectric phase and dielectric spectra hardening in PMN single crystal
Authors: Koroleva E. , Molokov A. , Vakhrushev S.
Published: October 2022

One of the key points in the physics of the relaxors is their response to the applied DC field. Many studies of this topic were made, in particular on the influence of the field on the dielectric properties. However, practically, in all the cases, the measurements were performed at a fixed frequency and usually with the change in the temperature at the fixed field strength. In this paper, we report the evolution of the dielectric spectra at low frequencies (0.1 Hz [Formula: see text] 1 kHz) at fixed temperature 246 K on changing the DC electric field applied in (111) from 1 kV to 7 kV. Cole-Cole function was used to describe the spectra and the field dependences of the mean relaxation time [Formula: see text], the oscillation strength [Formula: see text] and the width parameter [Formula: see text] were determined. The obtained [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) provide evidence of the field-induced transition from the nonpolar glass-like phase to the nonpolar paraelectric phase at around 1.5 kV/cm. In the paraelectric phase, very fast hardening of the spectra was observed with [Formula: see text] changing from 10 s to about [Formula: see text]s. The performed analysis demonstrated that the earlier reported positive C-V effect is completely determined by the spectra hardening, while [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] does not show any change in the glass-like phase and monotonously decreases with a field increase in the paraelectric state. For complete understanding of the microscopic origin of the observed phenomena, a detailed study on the short-and long-range structures at the same condition is necessary.
PUBLICATION TRENDS AND JOURNAL RANKING: INSIGHTS FROM THE ITALIAN BANKING AND FINANCE RESEARCH COMMUNITY
Authors: SAMPAGNARO GABRIELE
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the underlying structure of the intellectual research domains of the Italian community of banking and finance researchers. The goal of this study is to investigate research fronts and prominent topics and identify the links among these themes directly, based on the subject content of 1450 scientific papers published in over 20 years. The study proposes a journal density map that combines the publications of articles from the group of researchers investigated and the impact metric of the journal, which reflects the research quality and research within a specific subject area. In addition, co-authorship analysis was conducted to observe the intensity of scientific interaction within the 22 clusters of authors identified by this study.
Grain-size analysis of the Late Pleistocene sediments in the Corinth Rift: insights into strait-influenced hydrodynamics and provenance of an active rift basin
Authors: Kang Wenjun , Li Shunli , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Ford Mary , Collier Richard E. Ll. , Yu Xinghe , Janikian Liliane , Nixon Casey W. , Hemelsdaël Romain , Sergiou Spyros , Gillespie Jack , Pechlivanidou Sofia , De Gelder Gino
Published: October 2022

Grain-size analysis of the sediments in borehole M0079A, located in the Corinth Rift, was used to explore hydrodynamic conditions and provenance in the Late Pleistocene Corinth Rift. Grain-size populations that were sensitive to the sedimentary environments were characterized by frequency distribution, particle size–standard deviation and probability cumulative curves. Our results indicate the grain-size population component in the range 0.15–0.25 µm may be used as a sensitive proxy for hyperpycnal flows, which have commonly been triggered by river floods from the southern margin of the rift since
c.
0.593–0.613 Ma. The high-density plumes derived from the longer rivers of the southern rift that were prevalent before
c.
0.593–0.613 Ma. When sediment is supplied as hemipelagic deposition, the proportion of the total grain-size population that is in the 0.3–0.5 µm range becomes an index for suspension fall-out deposits. The core shows coarser sediments during the marine periods, and this may be linked to the current circulation related to the Ishtmia Strait opening. The study thus illustrates how the establishment of interbasinal straits can influence the details of sedimentary hydrodynamics in the deep-water axis of an adjacent depocentre.
Detrital zircon U–Pb age constraints on the Meso-Tethys Ocean closure in SE Asia
Authors: Mo Jing , Xia Xiao-Ping , Zhou Meiling , Lai Chun-Kit , Cui Zexian , Xu Jian , Aidoo Felix
Published: October 2022

The location of the Meso-Tethyan suture in SE Asia is ambiguous due to the strong overprint by the later India–Asia collisional tectonics. For the SE Asian extension of the Meso-Tethyan Bangong–Nujiang Suture (BNS) in Tibet, the two main candidates are the Longling–Ruili Suture (between the Tengchong and Baoshan blocks) and the Myitkyina ophiolite belt. Here, we present new detrital zircon U–Pb ages from high-grade metasedimentary rocks of the Gaoligong Group, which is considered to be the basement of the Tengchong Block located between the Longling–Ruili Suture and Myitkyina ophiolite belt. Our data suggest that the Gaoligong Group contains Cambrian, Triassic and Cretaceous zircons and is not a Precambrian basement, with a diagnostic age population peak at
c.
1110 Ma. This peak is comparable to the
c.
1170 Ma peak reported in the Australia-derived blocks (e.g. Lhasa and West Australia). Such similarities, as well as the similarities in the stratigraphy, palaeobiogeography and magmatic history of the Tengchong Block, suggest that the Tengchong Block was located adjacent to the northern Australia margin in Gondwana, and was most likely to have been linked with the Lhasa Block (southern Tibet) since the Early Paleozoic. Thus, the Longling–Ruili Suture is likely to represent a continuation of the Meso-Tethyan BNS in SE Asia.
Tectonic evolution of the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean and its relationship with the Palaeo-Tethys and Rheic oceans
Authors: Dan Wei , Murphy J. Brendan , Wang Qiang , Zhang Xiu-Zheng , Tang Gong-Jian
Published: October 2022

An evaluation of the potential geodynamic connections between the evolution of Paleozoic oceans in NW Gondwana and NE Gondwana is challenging. Until recently, most syntheses emphasized only two Paleozoic oceans (the Proto-Tethys and the Palaeo-Tethys) in the east Tethys realm. However, the discovery of early Paleozoic ophiolites along Palaeo-Tethys sutures located south of Proto-Tethys sutures challenges these traditional views. After a comprehensive review of relevant early Paleozoic tectonomagmatic events, we herein recognize and propose a model for the tectonic evolution of a hitherto unrecognized early Paleozoic ocean, which we call the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean. This ocean was short lived; it opened in the late Cambrian, began to subduct in the Middle Ordovician, and closed diachronously westwards between the Late Ordovician and the middle Silurian. Its closure by middle Silurian time indicates that was a spatially and temporally distinct ocean from the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean. The early tectonic evolution of the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean shares many characteristics with that of the Rheic Ocean. Both opened in the late Cambrian in the back-arc region of the Iapetus–Proto-Tethys Ocean, and the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean is considered to represent the eastern extension of the Rheic Ocean. This correlation has important implications for the Paleozoic tectonic evolution and palaeogeography of northern Gondwana.
Continents never forget: seismological record of lithospheric deformation 1 billion years ago
Authors: Levin Vadim , Yuan Huaiyu , Hynes Andrew
Published: October 2022

A seismic array extended from the Grenville Province into the Abitibi and Opatica subprovinces of the Superior Province, Canada. We use P-to-S converted waves in seismograms of distant earthquakes to probe boundaries in seismic properties, and demonstrate the presence of a prominent seismic feature that dips NNW into the mantle beneath the Grenville Front. We use two variants of receiver function (RF) analysis, a common conversion-point (CCP) imaging that combines seismic signals from multiple paths connecting sources and receivers, and harmonic decomposition of RF data that separates signals according to their direction in the cone of paths from which the signals have come. CCP images show the crust beneath the Grenville Province to be thicker than beneath the Superior Province, and identify a NNW-dipping boundary beneath the Grenville Front. Harmonic RF analysis shows that this feature is associated with seismic anisotropy in upper-mantle peridotite, and that this anisotropic feature extends to depths of at least 70 km. We interpret the feature as the result of a NNW-dipping shear zone formed within the mantle lithosphere during the Grenvillian continental collision. It could have accommodated internal deformation within Laurentian lithosphere or, more speculatively, mark the contact with the impacting Amazonian lithosphere.
On Computing the Diameter of (Weighted) Link Streams
Authors: Calamai Marco , Crescenzi Pierluigi , Marino Andrea
Published: October 2022

A weighted link stream is a pair (
V
, 𝔼) comprising
V
, the set of nodes, and 𝔼, the list of temporal edges (
u,v,t
,λ) , where
u,v
are two nodes in
V
,
t
is the starting time of the temporal edge, and
λ
is its travel time. By making use of this model, different notions of diameter can be defined, which refer to the following distances: earliest arrival time, latest departure time, fastest time, and shortest time. After proving that any of these diameters cannot be computed in time sub-quadratic with respect to the number of temporal edges, we propose different algorithms (inspired by the approach used for computing the diameter of graphs) that allow us to compute, in practice very efficiently, the diameter of quite large real-world weighted link stream for several definitions of the diameter. In the case of the fastest time distance and of the shortest time distance, we introduce the notion of pivot-diameter, to deal with the fact that temporal paths cannot be concatenated in general. The pivot-diameter is the diameter restricted to the set of pair of nodes connected by a path that passes through a pivot (that is, a node at a given time instant). We prove that the problem of finding an optimal set of pivots, in terms of the number of pairs connected, is NP-hard, and we propose and experimentally evaluate several simple and fast heuristics for computing “good” pivot sets. All the proposed algorithms (for computing either the diameter or the pivot-diameter) require very often a very low number of single source (or target) best path computations. We verify the effectiveness of our approaches by means of an extensive set of experiments on real-world link streams. We also experimentally prove that the temporal version of the well-known 2-sweep technique, for computing a lower bound on the diameter of a graph, is quite effective in the case of weighted link stream, by returning very often tight bounds.
sem2vec
: Semantics-aware Assembly Tracelet Embedding
Authors: Wang Huaijin , Ma Pingchuan , Wang Shuai , Tang Qiyi , Nie Sen , Wu Shi
Published: October 2022

Binary code similarity is the foundation of many security and software engineering applications. Recent works leverage deep neural networks (DNN) to learn a numeric vector representation (namely,
embeddings
) of assembly functions, enabling similarity analysis in the numeric space. However, existing DNN-based techniques capture syntactic-, control flow-, or data flow-level information of assembly code, which is too coarse-grained to represent program functionality. These methods can suffer from low robustness to challenging settings such as compiler optimizations and obfuscations.

We present
sem2vec
, a binary code embedding framework that learns from
semantics
. Given the control-flow graph (CFG), 34 pages. of an assembly function, we divide it into
tracelets
, denoting continuous and short execution traces that are reachable from the function entry point. We use symbolic execution to extract symbolic constraints and other auxiliary information on each tracelet. We then train masked language models to compute embeddings of symbolic execution outputs. Last, we use graph neural networks, to aggregate tracelet embeddings into the CFG-level embedding for a function. Our evaluation shows that
sem2vec
extracts high-quality embedding and is robust against different compilers, optimizations, architectures, and popular obfuscation methods including virtualization obfuscation. We further augment a vulnerability search application with embeddings computed by
sem2vec
and demonstrate a significant improvement in vulnerability search accuracy.
A Distributed Online Newton Step Algorithm for Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Chu Xiaofei
Published: October 2022

Most of the current algorithms for solving distributed online optimization problems are based on the first-order method, which are simple in computation but slow in convergence. Newton’s algorithm with fast convergence speed needs to calculate the Hessian matrix and its inverse, leading to computationally complex. A distributed online optimization algorithm based on Newton’s step is proposed in this paper, which constructs a positive definite matrix by using the first-order information of the objective function to replace the inverse of the Hessian matrix in Newton’s method. The convergence of the algorithm is proved theoretically and the regret bound of the algorithm is obtained. Finally, numerical experiments are used to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has an efficient performance on practical problems, compared to several existing gradient descent algorithms.
Secondary Psychosis Following Neoadjuvant AC-T Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Case Report and Literature Review of Psychosis Postchemotherapy
Authors: Alshehri Sultan , Assiri Hatem , Alsalem Moayyad , Alharbi Majed A.
Published: October 2022

Triple-negative breast cancer is a unique subtype among breast cancers. Management includes a neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen. Psychiatric complications of the regimen have not been reported before. We present a case of acute psychosis after the second cycle of chemotherapy in a 42-year-old woman with triple-negative breast cancer. The patient presented with sudden irritability, agitation, disorganization in speech and behavior, and paranoia involving her coworkers conspiring against her and causing her trouble with the law for 4 days. She was in her usual state of health until after her second cycle of chemotherapy. This was the first presentation of psychotic symptoms in her life. She was conscious and oriented. There were no neurologic deficits. She denied any change in her mood and any features of hallucinations. She was uncooperative, restless, had flight of ideas, and persecutory delusions. The remainder of the examination was normal. An autoimmune process, nervous system infection, or psychosis secondary to the chemotherapy were suspected. Serum electrolytes and other biochemical parameters were normal. Imaging of the brain showed no signs of acute brain insults or intracranial metastasis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and culture showed no abnormality or growth. The work-up revealed that neurologic, infectious, or autoimmune causes of her psychotic symptoms were less likely. Thus, a diagnosis of psychosis secondary to chemotherapy was considered. Treatment was with paliperidone, risperidone, clonazepam, and sertraline. Over the course of treatment, she showed substantial improvement and completed all of the chemotherapy sessions without adverse effects. In summary, we report a case of a patient whose initial chemotherapy course was complicated by psychosis. Since the neurotoxic and psychiatric effects of chemotherapeutics are not yet sufficiently elucidated, our case emphasizes that early signs of behavioral changes in patients receiving chemotherapy should trigger comprehensive psychiatric evaluation and monitoring of the patient’s mental state.
Estimation of the Tail Index of Pareto‐Type Distributions Using Regularisation
Authors: Ocran E. , Minkah R. , Kallah-Dagadu G. , Doku-Amponsah K.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we introduce reduced‐bias estimators for the estimation of the tail index of Pareto‐type distributions. This is achieved through the use of a regularised weighted least squares with an exponential regression model for log‐spacings of top‐order statistics. The asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are investigated analytically and found to be asymptotically unbiased, asymptotically consistent, and asymptotically normally distributed. Also, the finite sample behaviour of the estimators are studied through a simulation study The proposed estimators were found to yield low bias and mean square errors. In addition, the proposed estimators are illustrated through the estimation of the tail index of the underlying distribution of claims from the insurance industry.
Antithrombotic Therapy Duration after Patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Stroke Prevention: Impact on Long-Term Outcome
Authors: Kefer Joelle , Carbonez Karlien , Pierard Sophie , Mouthuy François-Pierre , Peeters Andre , Hermans Cedric , Lambert Catherine , DeMeester Christophe , Sluysmans Thierry , Pasquet Agnes
Published: October 2022

Background. The optimal duration of antithrombotic therapy (ATT) after patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure remains under debate. This study sought to compare the clinical outcome of patients receiving antithrombotic agents for a short (6 months) versus extended (>6 months) period after the procedure. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study using a propensity score matching analysis on 259 consecutive patients (131 males, 43 ± 10 years) undergoing PFO closure due to cryptogenic stroke, with complete follow-up (median duration of 10 [4–13] years). The outcome was compared between patients receiving short-term (Group short, N = 88) versus extended ATT (Group long, N = 171). Results. The PFO closure device was successfully implanted in all cases, with 3% of minor complications. After propensity score matching, there were no differences between Groups short and long in the rate of stroke (0.3 vs. 0.4% patient-year,

p
=
1.00

), bleeding (2 vs. 2% patient-year,

p
=
0.17

), and device thrombosis (0.3 vs. 0.1% patient-year;

p
=
0.60

). Univariate analysis showed that short-term ATT was not associated with an increased risk of recurrent stroke (HR: 1.271 [95% CI: 0.247–6.551],

p
=
0.775

) or prosthesis thrombus (HR: 0.50 [95% CI: 0.070–3.548],

p
=
0.72

). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed similar overall survival in Group short and long (100 vs. 99 ± 1%, respectively;

p
=
0.25

). Conclusions. Short-term (6 months) ATT after PFO closure did not impair the clinical outcome, with a preserved low rate of recurrent stroke (0.3% patient-year) and device thrombosis (0.2% patient-year) at 10-year follow-up.
Dietary Niacin Requirement of Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Liu Xuran , Wan Wenlong , Li Mengge , Shi Jiayuan , Xu Jie , Zhou Zihan , Wang Anran , Miao Shuyan
Published: October 2022

Effects of dietary niacin on the growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, body composition, and antioxidant capacity were investigated in the present study to determine the optimum requirement of niacin for juvenile Eriocheir sinensis. All 360 crabs (initial average weight

1.14
±
0.04

 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 20 crabs in each replicate. Crabs were fed with the control diet (0.89 mg/kg) or niacin-supplemented diets (170.54 mg/kg, 347.05 mg/kg, 587.59 mg/kg, 784.85 mg/kg, and 1248.86 mg/kg) for 12 weeks (named as G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6, respectively). The results showed that appropriate dietary niacin (above 347.05 mg/kg) significantly increased the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) (

p
<
0.05

), but did not affect the survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), daily feeding rate (DFR), and molting frequency (MF) of crabs (

p
>
0.05

). The niacin content in the hepatopancreas of crabs in G1 and G2 was significantly lower than that of the other four groups (

p
<
0.05

). Moreover, dietary niacin significantly affected the intestinal histomorphology of crabs, including the number of folds (NF), height of folds (HF), height of microvillus (HMV), and thickness of muscularis (TM) (

p
<
0.05

). Additionally, moderate dietary niacin levels significantly affected the nonspecific immune responses of crabs, by improving the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (

p
<
0.05

). Based on the broken-line model analysis of SGR against dietary niacin level, the dietary niacin requirement of juvenile crabs was suggested to be 419.4 mg/kg.
Advances in the Pharmacological Activities and Effects of Perilla Ketone and Isoegomaketone
Authors: Wang Ruo , Zhang Qianru , Feng Chengling , Zhang Juzhao , Qin Yuxuan , Meng Linghua
Published: October 2022

As components of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with many physiological activities, perilla ketone and isoegomaketone isolated from perilla essential oil are important active components of Perilla frutescens. Recent studies have shown that these two compounds have promising antitumor, antifungal, antirheumatoid arthritis, antiobesity, anti-inflammatory, healing-promoting, and other activities and can be used to combat toxicity from immunotherapy. Therefore, the multitude of pharmacological activities and effects demonstrate the broad research potential of perilla ketone and isoegomaketone. However, no reviews have been published related to the pharmacological activities or effects of perilla ketone and isoegomaketone. The purpose of this review is as follows: (1) outline the recent advances made in understanding the pharmacological activities of perilla ketone and isoegomaketone; (2) summarize their effects; and (3) discuss future research perspectives.
The Hydrogeological Characteristics of Thick Alluvium with High Water Level and the Influence on Zhaogu Mining Area, Henan Province, China
Authors: Miao Wei , Xu Yanchun , Guo Ying , Zhang Ermeng , Zhuo Yunliang , Huang Lei , Ma Zimin , Liang Suyu
Published: October 2022

In parts of North China Plain, there are several aquifers in the thick alluvium over the coal seam, which overlays a large amount of coal resources. Roof water inrush accident occurred during coal mining often caused by multiple reasons. Based on the case of roof water inrush in Zhaogu Mining Area, by hydrologic supplementary exploration of the north flank, the stratum data were obtained; combined with previous geological drilling data of the mine, the structural characteristics of five main aquifers and five main aquicludes in the alluvium of the north flank were classified. By pumping test of the No. 1 and the No. 2 supplementary exploration drill holes, the water richness of the 5th aquifer of north flank is identified as medium level. Three thin layers of gravel aquifer beneath the 5th aquifer were found in No. 1 drill hole, and the water richness of the lowest thin gravel (2.95 m thickness) was identified as medium by the followed pumping test, which reveals an important factor leading to the insufficient size of the safety pillar. The leakage self-closed aperture test on the sand soil of the 5th aquiclude clarifies that in case of fracture connection, it cannot resist water and sand crushing under high water pressure of the 5th aquifer. Based on the mechanism of high-pressure water on the working face supports, the calculation method of support resistance under high water pressure alluvial layer is put forward, and the main reason of roof support failure and water inrush is the insufficient support resistance, which leads to abnormal height caving. The methods of experiment and calculation are clarified for preventing water and sand inrush accident of working faces with the similar mining background.
Diet Quality and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort
Authors: Steel Heather , Park Song-Yi , Lim Tiffany , Stram Daniel O. , Boushey Carol J. , Hébert James R. , Le Marchand Loïc , Wu Anna H. , Setiawan Veronica Wendy
Published: October 2022

Background:

Data on diet quality and pancreatic cancer are limited. We examined the relationship between diet quality, assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII), and pancreatic cancer incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Methods:

Diet quality scores were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline. Cox models were used to calculate HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, diabetes, family history of pancreatic cancer, physical activity, smoking variables, total energy intake, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption. Stratified analyses by sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, and BMI were conducted.

Results:

Over an average follow-up of 19.3 years, 1,779 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified among 177,313 participants (average age of 60.2 years at baseline, 1993–1996). Overall, we did not observe associations between the dietary pattern scores and pancreatic cancer (aMED: 0.98; 95% CI, 0.83–1.16; HEI-2015: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.88–1.21; AHEI-2010: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.88–1.20; DASH: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.79–1.08; E-DII: 1.05; 95% CI, 0.89–1.23). An inverse association was observed with DASH for ever smokers (HR, 0.75; 0.61–0.93), but not for nonsmokers (HR, 1.05; 0.83–1.32).

Conclusions:

The DASH diet showed an inverse association with pancreatic cancer among ever smokers, but does not show a protective association overall.

Impact:

Modifiable measures are needed to reduce pancreatic cancer burden in these high-risk populations; our study adds to the discussion of the benefit of dietary changes.
Healthcare Access Domains Mediate Racial Disparities in Ovarian Cancer Treatment Quality in a US Patient Cohort: A Structural Equation Modelling Analysis
Authors: Akinyemiju Tomi , Chen Quan , Wilson Lauren E. , Previs Rebecca A. , Joshi Ashwini , Liang Margaret , Pisu Maria , Ward Kevin C. , Berchuck Andrew , Schymura Maria J. , Huang Bin
Published: October 2022

Background:

Ovarian cancer survival disparities have persisted for decades, driven by lack of access to quality treatment. We conducted structural equation modeling (SEM) to define latent variables representing three healthcare access (HCA) domains: affordability, availability, and accessibility, and evaluated the direct and indirect associations between race and ovarian cancer treatment mediated through the HCA domains.

Methods:

Patients with ovarian cancer ages 65 years or older diagnosed between 2008 and 2015 were identified from the SEER-Medicare dataset. Generalized SEM was used to estimate latent variables representing HCA domains by race in relation to two measures of ovarian cancer-treatment quality: gynecologic oncology consultation and receipt of any ovarian cancer surgery.

Results:

A total of 8,987 patients with ovarian cancer were included in the analysis; 7% were Black. The affordability [Ω: 0.876; average variance extracted (AVE) = 0.689], availability (Ω: 0.848; AVE = 0.636), and accessibility (Ω: 0.798; AVE = 0.634) latent variables showed high composite reliability in SEM analysis. Black patients had lower affordability and availability, but higher accessibility compared with non-Black patients. In fully adjusted models, there was no direct effect observed between Black race to receipt of surgery [β: −0.044; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.264 to 0.149]; however, there was an inverse total effect (β: −0.243; 95% CI, −0.079 to −0.011) that was driven by HCA affordability (β: −0.025; 95% CI, −0.036 to −0.013), as well as pathways that included availability and consultation with a gynecologist oncologist.

Conclusions:

Racial differences in ovarian cancer treatment appear to be driven by latent variables representing healthcare affordability, availability, and accessibility.

Impact:

Strategies to mitigate disparities in multiple HCA domains will be transformative in advancing equity in cancer treatment.
Impact of Moderate–Vigorous Physical Activity Trajectories on Colon Cancer Risk over the Adult Life Course
Authors: Christopher Cami N. , Matthews Charles E. , Saint-Maurice Pedro F. , Keadle Sarah Kozey
Published: October 2022

Background:

Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) reduces colon cancer risk; however, it is unclear how the timing of MVPA throughout the adult life course impacts colon cancer risk. We evaluated whether maintenance and changes in MVPA levels over time are associated with colon cancer risk.

Methods:

We assessed 293,198 adults ages 50 to 71 years in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Participants completed baseline health and physical activity questionnaires between 1995 and 1997 and were followed through 2011, (average follow-up of 13.1 years). There were 5,072 colon cancer cases over the study period. Using latent class trajectory models, we identified seven distinct MVPA trajectories across the adult life course (15–18, 19–29, 30–35, and past 10-years) and ran Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results:

Compared with those who maintained low MVPA levels, those who maintained high and moderate levels of MVPA had a lower risk of colon cancer [HR, 0.85; confidence interval (CI), 0.78–0.93; HR = 0.87; CI, 0.76–1.00)], and those who increased MVPA levels early and later during adulthood had a lower colon cancer risk (HR, 0.90; CI, 0.80–1.01) and (HR, 0.92; CI, 0.80–1.06), respectively. Those who decreased MVPA early in adulthood had an increased risk of colon cancer (HR, 1.12; CI, 1.02–1.23). These associations were stronger in adults ages <65 years at baseline and in men (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Consistent participation in MVPA throughout life may reduce colon cancer risk.

Impact:

These findings emphasize that engaging in MVPA throughout adulthood lowers risk of colon cancer.
Criteria for Early Pacemaker Implantation in Patients With Postoperative Heart Block After Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: Duong Son Q. , Shi Yuan , Giacone Heather , Navarre Brittany M. , Gal Dana B. , Han Brian , Sganga Danielle , Ma Michael , Reddy Charitha D. , Shin Andrew Y. , Kwiatkowski David M. , Dubin Anne M. , Scheinker David , Algaze Claudia A.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Guidelines recommend observation for atrioventricular node recovery until postoperative days (POD) 7 to 10 before permanent pacemaker placement (PPM) in patients with heart block after congenital cardiac surgery. To aid in surgical decision-making for early PPM, we established criteria to identify patients at high risk of requiring PPM.

Methods:

We reviewed all cases of second degree and complete heart block (CHB) on POD 0 from August 2009 through December 2018. A decision tree model was trained to predict the need for PPM amongst patients with persistent CHB and prospectively validated from January 2019 through March 2021. Separate models were developed for all patients on POD 0 and those without recovery by POD 4.

Results:

Of the 139 patients with postoperative heart block, 68 required PPM. PPM was associated with older age (3.2 versus 1.0 years;
P
=0.018) and persistent CHB on POD 0 (versus intermittent CHB or second degree heart block; 87% versus 58%;
P
=0.001). Median days [IQR] to atrioventricular node recovery was 2 [0–5] and PPM was 9 [6–11]. Of the 100 cases of persistent CHB (21 in the validation cohort), 59 (59%) required PPM. A decision tree model identified 4 risk factors for PPM in patients with persistent CHB: (1) aortic valve replacement, subaortic stenosis repair, or Konno procedure; (2) ventricular L-looping; (3) atrioventricular valve replacement; (4) and absence of preoperative antiarrhythmic agent (in POD 0 model only). The POD 4 model specificity was 0.89 [0.67–0.99] and positive predictive value was 0.94 [95% CI 0.81–0.98], which was stable in prospective validation (positive predictive value 1.0).

Conclusions:

A data-driven analysis led to actionable criteria to identify patients requiring PPM. Patients with left ventricular outflow tract surgery, atrioventricular valve replacement, or ventricular L-Looping could be considered for PPM on POD 4 to reduce risks of temporary pacing and improve care efficiency.