bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Academic entanglements with society
Authors: Carruthers Jane
Published: January 2022

Howard Phillips, UCT under Apartheid: Part I, From Onset to Sit-in, 1948-1968 Jacana Media, Johannesburg, 2019 407 pp ISBN 978-1-9282-3285-8 R359 (hardcover) Howard Phillips is one of South Africa's pre-eminent academic historians, best known for his meticulous pioneering research on the social history of medicine in South Africa. Latterly, since the arrival of Coronavirus, he has enjoyed a public profile as a widely consulted expert on the history of pandemics. In addition, however, Phillips is the premier historian of the University of Cape Town (UCT), a graduate of that university, and a member of its staff in the Department of History. Intimately involved with UCT over decades, in 1993 he was the author of The University of Cape Town, 1918-1948: The Formative Years (UCT Press] and we are grateful that one of its sequels has now been published. This most recent account of the two decades that follow is an important book, well written and insightful, and a powerful reminder to us that universities in South Africa, as elsewhere, are reflections of current society but also embryos of future society - our mirrors: past, present and future.
S1 file v1
Authors: Silva de Melo Soares Évelyn , Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo not provided , Carlos Vinhas Ítavo Luís , Tadeu dos Santos Geraldo , Carlos Eduardo Domingues Nazário not provided , Shekinah Souza Soares Israel , Fontoura Cavalheiro Leandro
Published: January 2022

Studies comparing methodologies for fatty acids are very important, since they can influence the quality and final quantification of the lipid fraction. Objective - to compare different extraction methods for total lipids and to evaluate the effect of these methodologies on the quantitative composition of fatty acids in milk of lactating ewes raised in tropical pastures. The methodologies used were simple direct transesterification, using the HPLC grade organic solvent n-hexane, Bligh; Dyer (cold extraction, extracting mixture proportions 5, 10, and 15 mL in a ratio of 2:1:1 (v/v/v) of chloroform-methanol-water). The fatty acid methyl esters were separated by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results show that there was no significant difference (p <0.05) in the total lipid content between the extraction methods. However, the Bligh's method; Dyer obtained the best yield of lipids to be extracted from ewe's milk, since the volume with 15 mL of the extraction solution was able to identify 87% of the chromatographic peaks.
Медиареальность — новая среда жизни
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Савчук В.В.
Published: January 2022

В статье речь идет об изменении визуальной реальности, формируемой новым типом визуального образа — цифрового образа, который формирует и новый тип реальности — медиареальность, и новую жизненную среду. В истоках медиареальности стоит цифровой фотообраз. Медиареальность воздействует на человека необратимо, формируя, телесность и структуру восприятия современного человека, его сферу самопрезентации и коммуникации. Распространение цифрового образ определяет медиальный поворот в культуре. Медиафилософия — философия эпохи медиального поворота. Появление цифрового искусства — знак существенной трансформации социальной реальности.
Проектирование программной платформы полного издательского цикла для издания сетевого мультимедийного журнала
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Борисов Н.В. , Захаркина В.В. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Мбого И.А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Прокудин Д.Е. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет,   Университет ИТМО
Published: January 2022

В настоящей статье описывается подход к проектированию программной платформы полного издательского цикла, в которой будет реализована функциональность, позволяющая как осуществлять все процессы, связанные с редакционно-издательской деятельностью через адаптивные веб-интерфейсы без привлечения дополнительных средств и выхода за пределы информационного пространства платформы; так и производить вёрстку, публикацию и отображение мультимедийного контента через инструменты, являющиеся неотъемлемой частью платформы и реализованные через соответствующие интерфейсы. Кроме этого важной частью проектируемой системы должна стать реализация обмен метаданными, представленными в формате Dublin Core, с внешними информационными системами по протоколу OAI-PMH. Что позволит решать задачу оперативного распространения информации через современные информационные средства.
Первая неделя технологий информационного общества в Санкт-Петербурге
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Прокудин Д.Е. , Чугунов А.В. ,   Университет ИТМО, Смолин А.А. ,   Университет ИТМО, Кудрявцева М.В. ,   Университет ИТМО,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет
Published: January 2022

С 21 по 24 июня 2016 года в Санкт-Петербурге прошла Неделя технологий информационного общества, которая включила в себя ряд научных мероприятий (конференций, круглых столов и симпозиумов). Базовым мероприятием Недели является традиционно проводимая начиная с 1998 года объединённая научная конференция «Интернет и современное общество» (IMS). Данный обзор раскрывает основные темы и проблемы, которые были обсуждены на научных мероприятиях Недели технологий информационного общества, которая прошла в 2016 году впервые.
Segmentation and Defect Detection on Large Areas in Several Frames
Authors:   Kostroma State University, Kostroma, 156005, Russian Federation, Bukalov G. K. , Burygin A. O. ,   Kostroma State University, Kostroma, 156005, Russian Federation, Panin I. G. ,   Kostroma State University, Kostroma, 156005, Russian Federation, Tortsev A. V. ,   Kostroma State University, Kostroma, 156005, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

In article we consider the problem of finding defects on large areas with a limited set of defective images. Two regularization methods are presented that help to significantly increase the result of defect segmentation, namely, the operation of inserting defects into non-abnormal images and the operation of normal. Computational experiments aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with existing techniques have been carried out.
Unified Information System as an Element of the Public Procurement Digital Ecosystem (Analysis of the Experience of Use)
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Minaev D. V.
Published: January 2022

When using the Russian unified procurement information system (UPIS, zakupki.gov.ru) as an information resource for analytical research, a set of problems arises that limit its usefulness. Existing publications do not fully disclose this problem of the formation of a digital ecosystem. Most of them focus on the peculiarities of using the UPIS as a platform for the implementation of specific procurement procedures, ignoring its use for analytics and monitoring tasks. The purpose of the study is to critically reflect on the organizational, technical and informational aspects of the procedures for accessing the bulk of the UPIS information. The experience of extracting data from a one-year sample of contracts in the field of procurement of emergency aviation medical services in Russia was subjected to an expert assessment. The typologization of the identified problem areas of the UPIS was carried out in terms of the quality of the information received and the built-in mechanisms for organizing its storage and retrieval. The following points were revealed: insufficient standardization and unification of methods for filling in the details of the UPIS database; incompleteness and incorrectness of filling in the provided (mandatory) \ set of details of the UPIS database; the embryonic stage of the formation of the KTRU catalog, as one of the main selection mechanisms for the formation of target data samples; lack of unambiguous regulations for the codification of procurement objects; lack of standards in the submission and placement of copies of primary documents of contracts; the lack of systemic mechanisms and structures of the UPIS database, which would unify the presentation of individual stages of contract execution throughout its life cycle; permanent retrospective modification of the data of executable contracts. Based on the analysis of these problematic points, ways are proposed and specific recommendations for improving the UPIS are developed.
Application of medical products: mandatory requirements, supervision of their compliance
Authors: Makhova O. A.
Published: January 2022

Background. Specific features of medical products (MPs), their active development and implementation in healthcare require post-market control and safe use.Objective: to study the existing state regulation in the field of medical products, methods of state control, self-control in medical organisations for their use.Material and methods. Regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining mandatory requirements, control over the use of MPs were analyzed. Indicators of Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare (Roszdravnadzor) in this area were studied. A survey of medical professionals on the safe use of MPs was conducted, the answers of 343 respondents were evaluated.Results. The analysis of regulatory legal acts shows that, unlike with medicines, biomedical cellular products, when it comes to MPs application requirements, methods of use are not sufficiently specified. State control over the circulation of MPs is generally structured and regulated. The main ways of modern state control are the introduction of a risk-oriented approach to conducting scheduled inspections since 2018, the introduction of a mechanism to control purchases of medical services and products. Typical violations identified by Roszdravnadzor in medical organisations are the use of unregistered or substandard MPs. Also, a frequent violation is a failure to report (or untimely communication) to Roszdravnadzor about undesirable reactions when using MPs. State regulator has developed and approved a mandatory procedure for internal control of quality and safety of medical practice, including control over the storage and use of MPs. At the same time, according to the results of the survey, managers are not sufficiently informed on where to take up-to-date information that the MPs need to be stopped using. Additionally, the survey confirmed that representatives of medical organizations administrations know less than doctors about poor quality MPs in the clinic. Another finding of the survey was that the frequency of unwanted reactions to the application of MPs is significant, but the amount of reporting to the regulator is insufficient. This situation increases the risk of harm to the life and health of patients. In addition, there is a significant frequency of incidents in the use of MPs, with very little reporting to Roszdravnadzor from medical organizations.Conclusion. Further improvement of regulation in the field of MPs circulation at the post-registration stage, strengthening of control, primarily internal, over their safe and effective use are necessary.
Features of intellectual property protection mechanisms on the example of orphan drugs circulation
Authors: Yurochkin D. S. , Nasonova К. V. , Golant Z. М. , Narkevich I. А. , Trukhin V. P.
Published: January 2022

Objective: to study features of intellectual property protection mechanisms on the example of drugs for the treatment of rare (orphan) diseases.Material and methods. Analysis of pharmaceutical market data was performed with the DSM Group analytical database. The approach proposed by the Russian Federal Industrial Property Service was used for creating patent landscape. The method supposes conducting a patent search and analysis of the documents found for date of filing, office (country) of filing, applicant, as well as analysis of the patent activity (dynamics) for the subject, in this case, for orphan drugs having a defined structure.Results. We proposed the complex conclusions to increase national drug safety. Intellectual property limitations for importing countries such as data exclusivity, do not allow to reproduce clinical trials, which leads to non-disclosure of medical data to all parties – medical society and patients, all other market participants, including local pharmaceutical producers. Current intellectual property restrictions conceal crucial data from medical and patient society and other market players and affect accuracy of diagnosis and treatment. Along with outstanding cost of new therapies it causes enormous budget burden for the healthcare system and prevents the introduction of objective criteria in the appointment and use of medicines. Prior to the approval and submission of the registration certificate by the regulatory authority, it is necessary to establish reasonable marginal prices, to form a sufficient set and volume of clinical guidelines and to determine in advance the sources of financing and mechanisms of integration into the national system of drug provision.Conclusion. The introduction of drugs for the treatment of rare diseases into circulation leads to a sharp increase in the burden on the budgets of the healthcare system at all levels. Current restrictions and obligations in the field of intellectual property rights protection, the degree of disclosure of medical data in the process of registration and admission to the market require significant changes to the traditional system of drug provision and the system of placing state orders, as well as the introduction of new regulatory mechanisms (for example, compulsory licensing or producing individual dosage forms in pharmacy organizations), contributing to the development of the local pharmaceutical industry and providing the national health system with the necessary volume of drugs with a sufficient level of quality and safety.
Thermal Property Investigation in Nanolubricants via Nano- Scaled Particle Addition
Authors: Sherje Dr. Nitin
Published: January 2022

In nanolubricants, the increase in scholarly attention has been attributed to the affirmation that they exhibit enhanced thermo-physical features and that they can also be used in various thermal applications. Some of these applications where they could be incorporated include solar energy harvesting, industrial applications, and heat exchanger effectiveness enhancement. Recently, various approaches have been employed to enhance the coefficient of heat transfer, especially between the fluid contact surfaces and the working fluids. When it comes to conventional fluids of heat transfer, examples being ethylene glycol/water, thermal oils, and water, some studies document that they exhibit limitations. For instance, these fluids exhibit low thermal properties when compared to the solids with which they interact. To respond to this dilemma, there have been efforts in this study to have the fluids’ thermal properties improved via nano-scaled particle addition, causing marked evolutions in the evaluations of the behavior of fluids of heat transfer. Indeed, findings suggest that in base fluids, when the solid particles are suspended, there tends to be an enhancement in the fluid’s energy transmission; hence, notable improvements in material thermal conductivity properties, besides the betterment of material heat transfer characteristics.
Void Node Detection and Packet Re-routing in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: S.R. Rahman Ekaterina Katya,
Published: January 2022

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have been appeared as an encouraging innovation to screen and investigate the seas in lieu of customary undersea wire line instruments. All things considered, the information social occasion of UWSNs is still seriously restricted in light of the acoustic channel correspondence attributes. One approach to improve the information assortment in UWSNs is through the plan of directing conventions thinking about the special attributes of the underwater acoustic correspondence and the exceptionally unique organization geography. In this paper, we propose the GEDAR steering convention for UWSNs. GEDAR is an anycast, geographic and deft steering convention that courses information parcels from sensor hubs to numerous sonobuoys (sinks) at the ocean's surface. At the point when the hub is in a correspondence void area, GEDAR changes to the recuperation mode strategy which depends on geography control through the profundity change of the void hubs, rather than the customary methodologies utilizing control messages to find and keep up steering ways along void locales. Reproduction results show that GEDAR altogether improves the organization execution when contrasted and the pattern arrangements, even in hard and troublesome versatile situations of inadequate and extremely thick networks and for high organization traffic loads.
To the casuistry of states of obsession
Authors: Donskov Nikolay A.
Published: January 2022

Various types of obsession, thanks to still existing superstitions or beliefs, mainly of the common people, despite their long history, are encountered to the present not only in the form of individual cases, but also epidemically. True, some types of obsession, such as, for example, the delirium about the transformation of a person into animals, especially wolves (mainly the property of the Middle Ages) according to Professor V. M. Bekhterev), apparently no longer occur and only demonomania or demonic possession, no less widespread in the Middle Ages, still appears among the religious masses in the form of so-called corruption or hysterics, or even in the form of real demonic possession.
L. Marchand et Nonet. Epilepsy et Paralysie generale. (Annales Med. Psych. Janv.-Fevr. 1908)
Authors: Khudyakov Alexander I.
Published: January 2022

In a report given on October 28, 1907 in the Medical Psychological Society, the authors point to the reports of Toulouse and Pelz, contradicting the classical position about the incompatibility of progressive paralysis with neuroses and describing the development of this form in epileptics, from which the authors conclude that meningo-encephalitis , developing extremely slowly, can first turn into epilepsy, and then into a paralytic symptom complex.
Métricas en la evaluación de la calidad del software: una revisión conceptual
Authors: CASTAÑO JHON FREDDY
Published: January 2022

Resumen

 

Introducción:  la calidad del software hace referencia a cada uno de los atributos que lo hacen llamativo al comprador y operador, que resultan muchas veces intangibles, en función de su utilidad, reutilización, interoperabilidad, entre otros.  Hace varias décadas se han ido introduciendo en el contexto de la calidad un sin número de características intrínsecas y extrínsecas, teniendo en cuenta que hablamos de algo más que el precio. Por esta razón se hace necesario cumplir con los estándares mínimos de calidad y es aquí donde aparece el término métricas, como aquellos instrumentos que nos permiten medir la utilidad y todos aquellos atributos de interés del software.

Objetivo: Identificar las aproximaciones teóricas sobre la calidad del software y el uso de las métricas.

Metodología: Para la realización de la presente revisión conceptual se utilizaron varias fuentes documentales, la búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó utilizando los descriptores: software, calidad del software. Combinando las palabras claves se obtuvieron un aproximado de 15 registros bibliográficos, también se realizó búsqueda en internet a través de Google académico y Scopus. se seleccionaron los documentos que informaron de forma útil y relevante sobre los aspectos que son de nuestro interés y que además su publicación no fuera mayor a 5 años.

Conclusiones:  Los modelos de calidad de software en su mayoría han sido aportados por las mismas empresas que desarrollan los softwares, con la intención de medir los diferentes atributos que posee. Estos atributos se agrupan en criterios que son medibles a través de las métricas, las cuales a su vez deben poder verificarse de forma empírica y teórica. De esta manera deben irse actualizando y mejorando en pro de su eficiencia y de acuerdo con los cambios que sufra el software.

Palabras clave

Software; Calidad del software; métricas; modelos de calidad; atributos.
Detección de cáncer de seno usando imágenes de histopatología y modelos de aprendizaje profundo pre-entrenados
Authors: Sarria Paja Milton Orlando
Published: January 2022

El cáncer es una enfermedad que se puede originar en cualquier parte del cuerpo. Comienza cuando las células infectadas crecen de forma descontrolada sobrepasando a las células sanas. El cáncer de seno, en su mayoría carcinomas, es el tipo más común entre las mujeres de todo el mundo. Los procedimientos utilizados para la detección de la enfermedad son aproximaciones diagnósticas, algunos de estos son invasivos. Usando herramientas digitales, es posible desarrollar o implementar sistemas de diagnóstico asistido para agilizar el proceso y permitir mayor confiabilidad de los análisis. El presente estudio se realiza con imágenes digitales de histopatología a partir de la base de datos de acceso abierto. Se evalúan tres escenarios, partiendo desde un esquema clásico, luego el se incluye el uso de modelos profundos pre-entrenados y finalmente se evaluá un modelo profundo con una red neuronal convolucional. El rendimiento de cada uno de los métodos sometidos a estudio se evaluaron calculando las medidas diagnósticas de precisión, sensibilidad y especificidad, logrando así encontrar el modelo que mejor se adecua a la tarea abordada. Se observa que los modelos pre-entrenados aportan información altamente discriminante a pesar de haber sido entrenados para una tarea completamente diferente. En general los modelos profundos permiten mejorar significativamente la especificidad del sistema al comparar con el enfoque clásico.
Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sarria Milton
Published: January 2022

Editorial
Carbon stock assessment and comparison in soybean plantations in Southwest Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Guaraná Araujo Emmanoella Costa , Pelissari Allan Libanio , Dalla Corte Ana Paula , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto
Published: January 2022

A significant proportion of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest is for the expansion of agriculture and livestock. Several studies have been dedicated to determining the carbon stock in natural forests, however agricultural areas are still poorly researched. This work aimed to quantify the above and belowground carbon stock (CS) in soybean plantations in the State of Rondonia, Southwest region of the Brazilian Amazon, as well as to compare the results with the estimate of other possible land uses in the same region. Thus, a total of 50 sampling units 1 m² were quantified at random in order to measure aboveground and belowground biomass. The total biomass found was 7.55 Mg ha-1, with 6.73 Mg ha-1 (89.14%) corresponding to aboveground biomass and 0.83 Mg ha-1 (10.86%) corresponding to belowground biomass. The average total carbon stock was 3.49 Mg ha-1, ranging from 2.14 Mg ha-1 to 6.36 Mg ha-1. In comparing the study data with the Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases, it was observed that the change in the use of the mature Amazon Rainforest land for soybean cultivation resulted in the loss of 176.61 Mg ha-1 of C. Therefore, soybean cultivation can be an alternative in the absence of natural vegetation with no possibility of natural recovery, because in addition to grain production, it contributes to the carbon stock and nitrogen fixation in the soil. However, replacing natural vegetation is not an adequate practice for biomass and carbon stocks.
STANDART OLMAYAN KALÇA SONOGRAMI GEÇ BAŞVURAN GELİŞİMSEL KALÇA DİSPLAZİSİ İÇİN BİR RİSK FAKTÖRÜ MÜ ?
Authors: Yurten Hakan , Altay Ridvan , Koçkara Nizamettin
Published: January 2022

AMAÇ: Gelişimsel kalça displazisinin (GKD) erken dönem tedavisi geç dönem tedavisine göre daha ucuz ve daha az invaziftir. Gelişimsel kalça displazi tanısı için femur başı kemikleşmesinden önce ultrasonografi çekilmesi kritik öneme sahiptir. Ultrasonografi (USG) çekimleri önceden belirlenmiş standartlara uygun olmalıdır. Bu çalışmada standart olmayan USG ölçümleri ile geç dönem başvuran GKD insidansı arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmeyi amaçladık.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmamızda hastane veri tabanında kayıtlı kalça sonogramı ve pelvis X-ray görüntüsü olan çocukları araştırdık (0-1 yaş). Yüz otuz çocuk bu çalışmaya dahil edildi (260 kalça), 82 (%63,1) tanesi kız ve 48 (%36,9) tanesi ise erkekti. Dr. Graf'ın tanımladığı kriterlere uygunluğuna göre kalça ultrasonografi görüntülerini iki gruba ayırdık. Kriterleri karşılayan ultrasonografiler Graf grubunu (GG) ve karşılamayanlar ise Kontrol grubunu (KG) oluşturdu. Radyologların raporlarında belirttiği açılar dikkate alındı. Ultrasonografi ile elde edilen tanılar pelvis X-ray görüntüsü ile elde edilen tanılarla kıyaslandı.BULGULAR: Standart olmayan ultrasonografiler incelendiğinde 47 (%35,2) kalçada düzlem hatası, 34 (%25,3) kalçada anatomik belirteçlerin yanlış tespit edilmesi ve 53 (%39,5) hastada her iki hatanın birlikte yapıldığı tespit edildi. Gelişimsel kalça displazisi tanısında GG grubunun sensitivite ve spesifitesi KG grubuna nispeten daha yüksektir.SONUÇ: Bu çalışmanın sonucuna göre geç başvuran GKD prevelansını azaltmak için standart kalça ultrasonografileri gereklidir
GÖĞÜS YARALANMALI OLGULARDA BİLGİSAYARLI TOMOGRAFİNİN GEREKLİLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Aslaner Oktay
Published: January 2022

AMAÇ: Toraks tomografisi giderek artan bir şekilde ilk tercih olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte çoğu merkezde, göğüs radyografisi, hemodinamik açıdan stabil travma hastasının acil görüntüleme değerlendirmesinin ayrılmaz bir parçası ve ilk tercih olmaya devam etmektedir. Diğer yandan özellikle travma skorları yüksek olan olgularda öncelikli görüntüleme yöntemi olarak toraks tomografisinin kullanılması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada acil servise başvuran toraks travmalarında toraks tomografisinin gerekli endikasyonlarda kullanılıp kullanılmadığını araştırmayı amaçladık.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Haziran 2018 - Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi Alanya Eğitim Araştırma hastanesi acil servisine başvuran tüm toraks travmalı olgular hasta kayıt veri tabanı kullanılarak retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tüm hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, travma tipi ve Glaskow koma skoru oluşturulan forma kaydedildi.BULGULAR: Hastalarımızın %70,7si erkek ve %29,3’ü kadın idi. Toraks travmalarının %98,3ü künt travmaydı. Vakaların %3,8inde kot fraktürü,%2,1inde pnömotoraks,%1,4ünde hemotoraks tespit edildi. Vakaların sadece %5,8ine direk grafi çekilmişti. Vakaların %45’inde ek travma mevcuttu.SONUÇ: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları; toraks travması nedeniyle acil serviste değerlendirilen olgularda büyük oranda toraks tomografisinin gereksiz istendiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca her bir toraks tomografisinin direk grafiye göre hastayı 500 kat daha fazla radyasyona maruz bırakması ve toraks tomografisinin direk grafiye göre 80-100 kat pahalı olduğu akılda tutulmalıdır. Gereksiz toraks bt tomografisi çekilmesinin önüne geçebilmek için öncelikle acil serviste çalışan hekimlerin toraks travmalı hastaya yaklaşım hususunda eğitilmeleri gerektiğini ve bu konuda daha ileri çalışmaların gerekli olduğunu düşünüyoruz.
COMPARISON OF DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF FIBROIDS
Authors: Ergenekon Pelin
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare Doppler ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of various characteristics of myomas, including size and growth.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted on female patients admitted to a private gynecology clinic in Turkey. Doppler USG and MRI measurements of the patients were performed and the following indices were calculated: Diastolic average ratio (DAR), Systolic/diastolic ratio (SDR), End-diastolic velocity (EDV), Peak systolic velocity (PSV), Acceleration time (AT), Time-averaged mean velocity (Tmean), Impedance index (LML), Acceleration index (AI), Diastolic/systolic ratio (DSR), Resistivity index (RI), Pulsatility index (PI), Time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMX). These indices were evaluated in the whole study group and also among those older than 49 years.RESULTS: Doppler USG and MRI results of PSV, EDV, TAMX, Tort, PI, RI, SDR, AT, AI, DSR, LML, DAR indexes and tumor size change averages were found to be similar in both the study group and women older than 49 years. It was found that there were strong positive correlations between Doppler USG and MRI measurements of PSV, EDV, TAMX, Tort, PI, RI, SDR, AT, AI, DSR, LML, DAR indices and tumor size change among the women in the study group.CONCLUSIONS: The results found in the research revealed that Doppler USG is as convenient as MRI in the diagnosis of myomas.
INVESTIGATION OF THE IMMUNOMODULATOR EFFECT OF BETA GLUCAN IN THE EXPERIMENTAL INTRAABDOMINAL BACTERIEMIA MODEL WITH STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Orhan Semiha , Demirdal Tuna , Birdane Fatih Mehmet , Kabu Mustafa , Koca Halit Buğra , Demirtürk Neşe
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of beta glucan in an experimental model of intraabdominal bacteremia induced by S. aureus.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB), treatment with cefazolin, treatment with beta glucan, treatment with both cefazolin and beta glucan groups were constituted respectively. 4 mg/kg beta glucan and 100 mg/kg cefazolin were given after 12x10 8 cfu/ml 1 cc S. aureus was given intraabdominally. After two hours, 0.5 cc blood was drawn and put into blood culture bottles. Levels of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were evaluated after 4th, 6th and 8th hours.RESULTS: According to the biochemical analyses; At the end of the study it was seen that beta glucan increased the level of IFN-γ at 6th hour, but did not at 4th and 8th hours. This increase became more apparent at 6 th hour when it was given with cefazolin. However IFN-γ levels were found to be higher in the group which cefazolin was given than beta glucan was. As the level of serum TNF-α was evaluated, although there was a supression at 8th hour, it was found to be higher in the group which beta glucan was given than the SAB group. Serum IL-1 levels were higher at 4th, 6th and 8th hours in the group beta glucan was given than the SAB group. Although a decline in IL-1 level was detected in the group which cefazolin was added to beta glucan at 8th hour, this level was found to be higher than the SAB group. When the serum IL-6 level was evaluated, an increase in release of IL-6 was found in the group beta glucan was given in the first 8 hours when it was compared with SAB group. When beta glucan was given with cefazolin, it was observed that IL-6 increased to the highest level at 8th hour.CONCLUSIONS: This experimental intra-abdominal bacteremia model, demonstrated that beta glucan did not supress the production of TNF-α and IL-1, and increased the release of IL- 6 and IFN-γ, especially in the first hours. According to these results, no significant knowledge could be obtained about the benefit of using beta glucan in the treatment of experimental model of intraabdominal bacteremia.
Voices of Indonesian EFL Learners on Synchronous Learning amidst COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Asrobi Maman , Surayya Siti Ayu , Prasetyaningrum Ari
Published: January 2022

To ensure that the learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic runs smoothly, all universities in Indonesia have implemented online learning. However, based on the observations made, online learning, especially when carried out synchronously, appears to still be not as optimal as offline learning. This study aims to find out the voices of Indonesian EFL learners on synchronous learning during the covid-19 pandemic. Designed as descriptive qualitative, this study examined 50 students who voluntarily participated as the sampled group. In collecting the data, the researchers used a self-written reflection and questionnaire with four scales that were distributed using Google Form to the participants. The questionnaire was related to respectful attitude, benefits, and obstacles of synchronous learning. All collected data were then analyzed using the sequential explanatory processes. The result of data analysis revealed that Indonesian EFL learners still showed a good respectful attitude during the synchronous learning process, although they agreed that learning synchronously faces a few obstacles, such as unsupported devices and unfavorable learning environments. In addition, they also feel that the teaching and learning process synchronously during the COVID-19 pandemic provided them with several benefits, especially those related to safety, efficiency, and effectiveness.Keywords: EFL learners; synchronous learning; COVID-19 pandemic
EFL Young Learners’ Problems Encountered in the Learning of English Speaking: Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Nikmah Nur Syafira , Anwar Choiril
Published: January 2022

Teaching speaking to Indonesian EFL young learners is still problematic. It happens not only because English is not used in daily activities but also the government’s regulation to some extent does not support that. This qualitative study aims to describe the problems faced by EFL students in the learning of English speaking with teachers’ perspectives. The samples of this research were three teachers from three different elementary schools in Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia. The data were collected by using questionnaire, interview, and classroom observation. The data were then analyzed by 1) memoing or transcribing the interview data, reading them to make notes and finding the most important information that might be useful for the study, 2) describing the data to find complete explanation of context, setting, and interactions of participants, 3) classifying data—to break down the obtained result and put it into categories, and 4) interpreting the data to find the meanings of the data by connecting the findings with previous studies, personal experience, and expert advice to find the best result. The result showed that EFL students’ problems in the learning of English speaking came from some factors. They are 1) Native language, 2) Age, 3) Exposure, and 4) Motivation, and 5) Learners’ Autonomy. Keywords: speaking, Indonesian EFL students, young learners
Evaluation of hyperprolactinemia risk factors in infertile women referred to Yazd Infertility Center: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dehghan Elahe , Namiranian Nasim , Ghadiri-Anari Akram , Kazem Razavi Ratki Seid , Azizi Reyhaneh
Published: January 2022

Background: Hyperprolactinemia is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. The prevalence of pituitary tumors is 25-30% among infertile participants with hyperprolactinemia.
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the causes of hyperprolactinemia in infertile women referred to Yazd Infertility Center.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 182 infertile women with hyperprolactinemia who were referred to Yazd Infertility Center from February 2018 to October 2019. Serum prolactin was assessed by the human prolactin ELISA kit according to the Padtan Gostar Isar protocol. The age, duration of infertility, causes of hyperprolactinemia, and type of infertility treatment were noted. The MRI findings were added.
Results: The mean age of participants was 28.9 ± 0.36 yr and the prolactin level was 76 ± 8.97 ng/ml. The etiology of hyperprolactinemia among the study participants was 35 participants (19.2%) with pituitary adenoma, 47 participants (25.8%) with polycystic ovary syndrome, 14 participants (7.7%) with pituitary adenoma and polycystic ovary syndrome, and 86 participants (47.3%) with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. The results of this study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean prolactin levels in participants with different causes of hyperprolactinemia (p = 0.31).
Conclusion: Idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and polycystic ovary syndrome are the most common reasons for hyperprolactinemia.
Key words: Hyperprolactinemia, Infertility, PCOS.
Pengembangan Karakter Multikultural Santri Pada Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Akbar Nadzmi , Rif'at Muhammad
Published: January 2022

At the national policy of the Republic of Indonesia in 2010-2025 to prioritize the development of national character, because the Indonesian people at this time the values start from national identity, higher, contradictory, towards people of different religions, ethnicities and cultures. To build this character, the world of education is the backbone to carry out the mission of building multicultural characters of Indonesian citizens. Salafi Islamic Boarding School or Islamic Boarding School is one of the educational institutions in Indonesia, which also has an obligation to build the multicultural character of the students. How did the Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School develop the multicultural character of the students? The research method in this research is descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques with observation, interviews and documentaries. The results of this study found that the development of multicultural character in Salafiyah Islamic boarding school in an integrated manner in the field of moral education in an integrated manner, the organizational culture of the Salafiyah Islamic boarding school could develop the multicultural character of students, leaders, chaplains and teachers help display a very important practice for guests .
Dinamika Komunikasi Politik Pada Pemilihan Presiden Di Indonesia
Authors: Rani Samsul
Published: January 2022

The dynamics of political communication have occurred through phenomena before and after the presidential election in Indonesia, both conducted by political elites, party supporters, and the public to win the presidential candidates and vice-presidential candidates he supports. This can be seen from the form of political communication in the campaign, political attitudes in addressing the vote acquisition, and post-election political communication. Political communication through campaigns using digital media especially social media such as Twitter, Whatsapp, Facebook, Instagram, and other media has given a very significant influence in gaining public support, but negative campaigns and black campaigns (hoax) cannot be avoided, even to the legal sphere. Political communication at the end of the voting is stated through a victory speech through political speeches based on different survey results, namely quick count and exit poll. The speech added to the polemic about the validity and honesty in the implementation of the General Election because of the very significant difference in votes in Indonesia. Political communication on the determination of the results of the real count resulted in an unelected presidential candidate bringing the case to the realm of law namely the Constitutional Court court to cancel the victory of the elected presidential candidate. Political communication after the determination of the results of the elected election is that the elected president reconciles the non-elected presidential candidates to eliminate friction in the community. Besides, the coalition party supporting the elected president lobbied both fellow supporters and the elected president to get a ministerial position in the cabinet and the parliament.
PENERIMAAN DIRI BAGI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS NETRA
Authors: RAHMAH RAHMAH
Published: January 2022

People with visual disabilities are someone who has a sense of vision (both) do not function as channels of information in their activities as normal people. This means that a blind person has a disability in the sense of vision so that the vision function is not the same as people in general. Disabilities in persons with visual impairments have a major influence on daily life.The physical limitations of people with visual impairments hamper any activities that are normally carried out by normal (seeing) people. These limitations affect the mental condition of persons with blind disabilities, for example a feeling of inferiority towards the physical possessed, then fear and insecurity about their potential, this is a problem that must be faced by persons with blind disabilities.Persons with disabilities who are blind with imperfections of their sense of sight will naturally experience various problems including those related to their self-acceptance, because it is not easy for those with disabilities to be able to accept themselves, and will require a long time, until it is embedded in him that experiencing blindness is not the end of everything, and with limitations on their sense of sight they still have a strong desire and determination to realize their desires, and are able to adapt themselves to their circumstances and environment by seeing themselves as they really are and recognizing themselves as they really are.Persons with visual impairments, whether innate or not, who have self-acceptance they will have the confidence to face problems, have the same degree as others, can receive praise, be able to accept criticism, able to accept limitations and strengths that exist in themselves, have a positive assessment of himself, able to control his emotional state, and be responsible
KOMUNIKASI KEBERAGAMAN TENTANG MAKNA UCAPAN SALAM OM SWASTIASTU ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA
Authors: Nurhadi Zikri Fachrul , Kurniawan Achmad Wildan , Rofi Abdul , Adnan Iis Zilfah
Published: January 2022

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of the pros and cons of greeting Om Swastiastu among officials. The purpose of this study is to find and explain more deeply about the motives, experiences and meaning of Om Swastiastu's greetings for communication between religions. The research method used in this research is the phenomenology method. While the data collection techniques used are non-participant observation, in-depth interviews, literature study and documentation. The subjects of this study were government officials or apparatuses who said Om Swastiastu greeting, amounting to 7 people and taking informants using purposive sampling. The results showed that the future motives (in order motive) greetings from Om Swastiastu were self existence and tolerance and motives from the past (because motive) greetings from Om Swastiastu were due to internal encouragement, the spirit of nationality, a sense of nationalism and the principle of neutrality. While the experience of saying Om swastiastu greetings is divided into pleasant experiences (positive), that is feeling valued, getting new political relations, good treatment, sympathy and growing solidarity between people while the unpleasant experience (negative) is mandating unfavorable treatment, derision in the form of harsh words, criticism and stay away from and considered to have no stance. While the meaning of Om swastiastu's greetings is to pray for salvation in the Hindu version, a word of thanksgiving and a greeting.
The Impact of Digitalization on the Enterprise System: Russia and Italy and the Discipline of Smart Working Between Constraints and Opportunities
Authors: Egorova Maria , D'Aponte Marcello , Ponomareva Daria , Minbaleev Aleksei
Published: January 2022

The article is dedicated to the impact of digitalization on the enterprise system from the point of view of Italian and Russian legal regimes. The increasing impact of technological innovation in everyday life is leading to important changes, also in the context of the employment relationship, in many perspectives. The authors analyze the transformation of legal regulation of Italy and Russia in the sphere of labor relations, paying special attention to the challenges that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Architecture of Accountability and the Rule of Law in Public Finance in Kosovo: the Impact of the Auditor General
Authors: Çeku Nur
Published: January 2022

Accountability and the rule of law are fundamental and indispensable elements of democracy. The legitimacy and transparency of the collection and spending of public finances is a sine qua non of democratic governance. To ensure this, it is necessary to take legal action and find specialized mechanisms that have the authority to exercise control and prevent possible abuse of power. These mechanisms are an integral part of the architecture of economic governance and most countries have designed the institution of the Auditor General as the best way to achieve this goal. This institutional mechanism ensures financial and legal control as well as a performance appraisal of the government. Therefore, this paper analyzes the development of the Auditor General in Kosovo, discusses the legal framework and its relation with other branches of government, and also examines the challenges and prospects in implementing its recommendations from the public sector in the future.
Alkylating efficiency of sodium azide on pod yield, nut size and nutrition composition of samnut 10 and samnut 20 varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)
Authors:   University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Animasaun DA , Oyedeji S , Onasanya AO , Azeez MA ,   LadokeAkintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
Published: January 2022

Mutation has been utilised to improve growth and yield of many food crops, but only little effort has been made to ascertain the nutritional advantages in such improved crops. The present study evaluates the alkylating efficiency of sodium azide of different concentrations on pod yield, nut size and nutritional composition of two groundnut varieties. Dry seeds of groundnut ( Arachis hypogea L.); Samnut 10 and Samnut 20 varieties obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture, Ilorin, Kwara State of Nigeria were treated with different sodium azide concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mM) for 12 hours. Seeds soaked in distilled water for 12 hours were used a s control for each variety. The treated seeds and control were sown in planting bags in ran domized complete block design with three replicates. Alkylating effects of the treatments were studied on pod parameters and nut size while proximate analysis was carried out on the nuts to determine their nutritional composition. The results showed that sodium azide treatment of 50 mM produced significantly taller plants with more branches and leaves. Analysis of collected data revealed that sodium azide is effective in achieving significantly earlier- maturing plants with higher pod yield, bigger nut size and heavier nuts. All concentrations of Sodium azide applied induced significant higher crude protein and fat with respect to control in samnut 10 while 50 mM yielded highest protein and fat in samnut 20 variety. Generally, nutritional values of the studied groundnut were improved by sodium azide treatments with respect to protein and fat content which are the most important constituents in groundnut utilization as foo d or raw material for edible oil. The study concluded that the alkylating effect of s odium azide was effective on pod yield, nut size and other nut characteristics of groundnut and could be employed to improve protein, crude fat and other nutrition contents of t he nuts for human and animal consumption as well as industrial applications.