bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GSK-3β/β-catenin Pathway Played Curial Roles in the Regulation of NK Cell Cytotoxicity against Myeloma Cells
Authors: Jiang Yang , Zheng Chengyun , Ren Jing , Feng Xiumei , Kong Dexiao , Wang Yongjing , Xiao Juan , Jiang Wen , Feng Xiaoli , Liu Xiaoli , Li Ai , Sun Congcong , He Mingming , Li Bingen , Wang Juandong
Published: August 2022

The plasma cell malignancy multiple myeloma (MM) has been improved significantly by new drugs application and autologous hemopoietic stem transplantation. However, MM remains incurable. A number of studies have revealed an anti-MM effect of Nature killer (NK) cells, but their clinical efficacy was rather limited. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β has been shown to have an antitumor function. To evaluate potential roles of GSK-3β inhibitor (TWS119) in the regulation of NK cell cytotoxicity against MM, we analyzed killing effect of NK cells on MM cells. Our results showed that in the presence of TWS119, NK cell line (NK-92) and in vitro expanded primary NK cells exhibited a significantly higher degranulation activity, expression of activating receptors, cellular cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion when they were exposed to MM cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that TWS119 treatment markedly upregulated RAB27A expression, a key molecule for NK cell degranulation, and induced colocalization of β-catenin with NF-κB in the nucleus of NK cells. More importantly, adoptive transfer of NK-92 cells significantly prolonged survival time of myeloma-bearing mice. In summary, our current novel findings suggest that targeting on GSK-3β through activation of β-catenin/NF-κB pathway maybe an important approach to improve therapeutic efficacy of NK cells transfusion for MM.
Rapid degradation of two antifouling agents in seawater as affected by plankton and dissolved oxygen
Authors: Xu Yongjian , Wang Yongshuai , Lu Guangming , Yang Chengxue
Published: August 2022

Environment-friendly antifouling agents are the key research and development directions for marine antifouling paints. The characteristics for excellent performance by an antifouling agent are a good antifouling effect, long-period function, and little impact on the aquatic environment. Based on comparison with 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (DCOIT), the degradation of bio-based 2,5-furandiformaldehyde oxime (E-DFFD) and bio-based 2,5-furandimedoxime copper (II) complex (E-DFFD-Cu), which are two new antifouling agents developed by our laboratory, was analysed in seawater environment, and their environment-friendly characteristics were investigated via biodegradation experiments. The results showed that the presence of plankton and a high concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) could greatly promote their degradation rate and amount, resulting in rapid degradation in seawater, i.e., with aeration, 12.23% and 32.23% of the agents degraded in natural seawater after 7 days, respectively, (as compared to 5.50 and 14.81% without aeration), the contrast was similarly apparent in sterile seawater which shows 9.93% and 29.61% decrease after filtration and sterilization. The half-life periods of E-DFFD-Cu and E-DFFD in natural seawater at 22°C were 12.4 and 34.7 days, respectively. Furthermore, the influence of the structure and composition of different plankton groups on their degradation amount and rate was significantly different, and the dominant biological groups for biodegradation changed when the antifouling agent was modified and derived. Zooplankton was the main contributor to degradation of E-DFFD, accounting for 80.84% of its biodegradation and 68.35% of its total degradation. Phytoplankton was the main contributor to E-DFFD-Cu degradation, accounting for 53.24% of the total biological contribution, followed by bacteria (31.47%). Bacteria accounted for 50.56% of the total biological contribution to DCOIT degradation followed by zooplankton (27.23%), and abiotic factors accounted for more than 10% of its total degradation. Nonetheless, abiotic factors had little effect on the degradation of E-DFFD-Cu and E-DFFD. This study evaluated the contribution of marine organisms to the biodegradation and the influence of DO to degradation of two environment-friendly antifouling agents in natural sweater.
Effect of thermo-mechanical properties of concrete on the temperature field in mass concrete
Authors: Pham Duc-Phong , Nguyen Trong-Chuc , Vu Kim-Dien
Published: August 2022

Massive concrete structures' fissures are affected by the heat of hydration. There are many factors affecting the formation of temperature and stress fields such as construction technology, the materials used, and the surrounding environment. In this study, the author investigates how the volumetric weight, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity of concrete affect the maximum temperature in massive concrete buildings. The study's findings and suggestions were then presented.
Removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) Ions by MnFe2O4@SiO2@VTMS Nanocomposites Hydrogel from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Ghobadifar Vahid , Marandi Gholam Bagheri , Kurdtabar Mehran , Bardajee Ghasem Rezanejade
Published: August 2022

In this work, magnetic nanocomposite hydrogel was produced via grafting copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AAm) in the presence of MnFe2O4@SiO2@Vinyltrimethylsilane (VTMS) as a cross-linking agent. To effectively absorb Pb (II) and Cd (II) from an aqueous solution, the prepared magnetic nanocomposite hydrogel was applied. XRD, VSM, FT-IR, SEM, EDS, and TEM VSM, SEM, TEM, EDS, FT-IR, and XRD spectroscopic methods validated the structure of the prepared nanocomposite hydrogel. In addition, thermal characteristics were evaluated by TGA and DTG. The features that influence the absorption of heavy metal ions include pH solution, treatment time, starting concentration of ions, temperature, and sorbent quantity experimented. Employing Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin, the adsorption isotherm was investigated at various temperatures. The adsorption data best fitted The Langmuir isotherm model. The absorption kinetics models such as intraparticle, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order in metal ion solutions of 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg/L-1 were studied. The absorption results were well explained by pseudo-first-order model. The maximal absorption capacities of magnetic nanocomposite hydrogel for Pb (II) and Cd (II) elimination from a 150 mg/L-1 metal solution were 131 and 126 mg/g, respectively. The absorbent was employed effectively for four cycles of adsorption and desorption. Therefore, the nanocomposite hydrogel examined in this work may be used for various water filtration purposes, notably for the elimination of toxic metals.
A critical review of feature selection techniques for network anomaly detection: Methodologies, challenges, evaluation, and opportunities
Authors: Sharma Niharika , Arora Bhavna
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The novel strategy for enhancing growth and lipid accumulation in C.vulgaris microalgae cultured in dairy wastewater by monochromatic LEDs and melatonin
Authors: Samani Mohammad Sadegh Maleki , Mansouri Hakimeh
Published: August 2022

The present study investigated the effects of melatonin hormone and monochromatic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the biomass productivity and lipid accumulation of C.vulgaris green microalgae. Four monochromatic LEDs were applied individually or simultaneously with melatonin in dairy wastewater. For reducing the cultivation costs dairy wastewater is utilized for the culture medium. In free melatonin samples, the maximum biomass productivity was observed under red, blue, green and white LEDs. The biomolecules including protein, carbohydrate, lipid and pigment increased by monochromatic LEDs application compared to white LEDs. Melatonin application in culture medium increased parameters compared to free melatonin samples. The simultaneous treatment of red LED with concentration of 10 µM melatonin increased the biomass productivity and biomolecules by approximately 200% compared to control samples. In addition, the fatty acid profile improved under simultaneous treatment. The MUFAs and PUFAs increased by 22% and 8% compared to control. The SFAs decreased from 85.58% in control samples to 56.93 under red wavelength and melatonin hormone. These findings demonstrated that the monochromatic LEDs application and exogenous melatonin is the novel economical treatments for C.vulgaris microalgae cultivation, which increase biomass production and biomolecules accumulation.
Mechanical Properties and Micro-Structure of Expansive Soil Stabilized by Graphene Oxide Modified Cement
Authors: Zhang Chen , Zhu Zhiduo , Wang Wei , Shao Li , Wan Yu , Huo Wangwen
Published: August 2022

It is essential to improve the swelling-shrinkage properties and mechanical strength of expansive soil in engineering. A series of unconsolidated-undrained triaxial tests were conducted to investigate the stabilization of graphene oxide (GO) modified cement in expansive soil, the GO contents were 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2%, respectively. Results showed that (1) With the addition of GO, the deviatoric stress-strain curve of cement-stabilized expansive soil (CSS) change from weak softening to strong softening. (2) The compressive strength, shear strength, toughness and stiffness of GOCS were significantly better than CSS. (3) Microscopic tests showed that GO as a template promoted the hydration of cement and filled the pores of soil sample, making the internal structure of CSS more compact. Consequently, GO modified cement can better improve the mechanical properties and micro-structure of expansive soil, and it is feasible to apply GOCS to the engineering construction.
Association between Prebiotics, Probiotics and Changes in Body Composition, Physique and Metabolic Products in a Longitudinal Intervention Study
Authors: Hassan Nayera E. , El-Masry Sahar A. , Shebini Salwa M. El , Ahmed Nihad H. , Mehanna Nayra Sh. , Magdy Mai , Amine Darine , Hashish Adel , Selim Mohamed , Afify Mahmoud A.S. , Alian Khadija
Published: August 2022

Background The relationship between gut microbiota and obesity has recently been an important subject for research as the gut microbiota is thought to affect body homeostasis including body weight and composition, making the intervention with pro and prebiotics an intelligent possible way for obesity management. Aim To evaluate the effect of hypo caloric high fiber regimen, physical exercise and probiotic supplementation on the improvement of health, body composition and physique among obese Egyptian women. Methods The enrolled 58 women, in this longitudinal follow up intervention study; followed a weight loss eating regimen (prebiotic), included low-carbohydrate high-fiber high-protein dietary pattern with decreased energy intake. They additionally received daily probiotic supplement in form of yogurt, and were instructed to exercise regularly for 3 months. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, laboratory investigations and microbiota analysis were obtained before and after the 3 months weight loss program. Results Statistically highly significant differences in the anthropometry, body composition parameters: and obesity-related biomarkers (Leptin, ALT and AST) between the pre and post follow up measurements at the end of the study as they were all decreased. The prebiotic and probiotic supplementation induced statistically highly significant alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota with increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroidetes and decreased relative abundance of Firmicutes and Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes Ratio. Conclusion Hypo caloric high fiber regimen diet with probiotics has a positive impact on body composition and is effective for weight loss normalizing serum Leptin and AST.
Adaptive infinite impulse response system identification using an enhanced golden jackal optimization
Authors: Zhang Jinzhong , Zhang Gang , Kong Min , Zhang Tan
Published: August 2022

The significant error of the adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) system identification often involves nonlinearity and indifferentiability, the practical and reliable swarm intelligence optimization techniques are required to calculate and establish the ideal parameters of the IIR filter. In this research, an enhanced golden jackal optimization (EGJO) based entirely on the elite opposition-based learning technique and the simplex technique can be adopted to address this issue. The intention is to minimize the error fitness value and attain the appropriate control parameters. The golden jackal optimization (GJO), based on the cooperative attacking behavior of the golden jackals, simulates the searching for prey, stalking and enclosing prey, pouncing prey to efficaciously tackle the complicated optimization problem. The elite opposition-based learning technique has the characteristics of boosting population diversity, enhancing exploration ability, extending search range and avoiding search stagnation. The simplex technique has the characteristics of accelerating the search process, enhancing the exploitation ability, improving the computational precision and increasing the optimization depth. The EGJO can realize the balance between exploration and exploitation to arrive at the best possible outcome. To demonstrate the overall search ability, the EGJO is compared with those of the AOA, GTO, HHO, MDWA, RSO, WOA, TSA and GJO by gradually decreasing the error fitness value of the IIR filter. The experimental results clearly demonstrate that the optimization efficiency and recognition accuracy of EGJO are superior to those of other algorithms. The EGJO offers several benefits to obtaining a faster convergence rate, higher computation precision, better control parameters and better fitness value. In addition, the EGJO is very stable and resilient in tackling the IIR system identification problem.
First-principles study the structural phase transition, elastic and thermodynamic properties of HfCr 2
Authors: Bai Hong-Jie , Qin Xiao-Rong
Published: August 2022

We study the structural phase transition, elastic and thermodynamic properties of HfCr2 from first principles calculations. The simulated results are very close to those of previous studies. The phase transition from C15 to C36 occurs at about 202.7 GPa, while the phase transition pressure from C36 to C14 is about 283.9 GPa. It can be seen from the phonon spectra and elastic constants that HfCr2 is mechanically stable at C15 phase. It can be concluded that C15 phase HfCr2 is ductile from 0 to 200 GPa, and the bigger the pressure, the greater the ductility from G/B value and Poisson's ratio. Then, through the analysis of density of states, the mechanism of metal properties is discussed. Finally, the relation of thermal expansion coefficient, Debye temperature and thermal capacity to pressure and temperature are discussed.
Wave induced coastal flooding along the southwest coast of India during cyclone Taukate
Authors: Ramakrishnan Ratheesh , G Remya P , Mandal Anup , Mohanty Prakash , Aryakandy Prince , Mahendra R S , M Balakrishnan Nair T
Published: August 2022

The coastal flood during the Tauktae cyclone, 2021, at Chellanam coast, Kerala, India, has invited wide attention as the wave overtopping severely affected coastal properties and livelihood. We used a combination of WAVEWATCHIII and XBeach to study the coastal inundation during high waves. The effect of low-frequency waves and rise in the coastal water level due to wave setup caused the inundation at Chellanam, even during low tide with negligible surge height. Wave setup raised the water level at the coast with steep slopes to more than 0.6 m and peaked during low tide, facilitating wave breaking at the nearshore region. The coastal regions adjacent to these steep slopes were subjected to severe inundation. The combined effect of long and short waves over wave setup formed extreme wave runup that flooded inland areas. At gently sloping beaches, the longwave component dominated and overtopped the seawalls and damaged households along the shoreline. The study emphasizes the importance of longwave and wave setup and its interaction with nearshore bathymetry during the high wave. The present study shall lead to the development of a coastal inundation prediction system for the low-lying hot spots using the combination of WAVEWATCHIII and XBeach models.
Codling moth pest pressures and pest control efficacy under climate change
Authors: Noorazar Hossein , Jones Vincent P. , Yorgey Georgine G. , Hall Sonia A , Kruger Chad Eugene , Rajagopalan Kirti
Published: August 2022

Climate change impacts on pests and pest management have important implications for food security. Existing literature has noted that pest voltinism (number of annual generations) is expected to increase with accelerated heat-unit accumulation, implying the need for increased pest control. However, accelerated heat-unit accumulation can also impact the efficacy of behavioral (pheromone-based mating disruption) and chemical pest control strategies and this aspect is unexplored. Using codling moth in the apple-growing Pacific Northwest United States as a case study, we quantified the impacts of climate change on both pest populations and pest control efficacy. Consistent with studies in other regions, we report an increase in voltinism. However, we also found new opportunities for effective pest management that can lead to reduced pesticide use and associated environmental and worker health benefits, though they come with additional costs and risks. Our simulations indicate that temperature-driven insect phenology shifts coincide with shorter photoperiod length, leading to a larger fraction of the first-generation codling moth larvae entering diapause, reducing the population size of subsequent generations within the year, though elevating the risk of increasing the next year’s spring population. We also found that behavioral control strategies become more effective under climate change. In contrast, the windows of opportunity for pesticide control shrink. However, when the first generation is effectively controlled with a combination of behavioral and pesticide control, there are opportunities for reduced pesticide use later in the season. These competing responses in both pest populations and pest control efficacy suggest a possibility that the net climate change effects on codling moth may not be severely detrimental to apple production if pest control strategies are optimized. Other complex competing effects exist, but key knowledge gaps preclude taking a holistic approach to quantifying the net climate change response, and addressing these gaps needs to be prioritized.
Concerns related to COVID-19 in South Korea : What are associated individual and regional factors?
Authors: Lee Doo Woong , Jang Jieun , Shin Jaeyong
Published: August 2022

Background: COVID-19 is raising new concerns previously non-existent. It is important to identify risk groups to avoid potential problems that may arise from this. Methods: Data from the 2020 Korea Community Health Survey and official government database were collected for this analysis and are nationally representative. The final study population was 225,689 (men: 102,358; 45·4%, mean age: 54·9). Multilevel regression analysis was employed to evaluate concerns related to COVID-19 and its related individual- and area-level factors. Results: 4·86% of the variability in the scores of concerns related to COVID-19 was accounted for by district areas. Individuals who lived in the most deprived area showed a higher coefficient of 0·123 (p-value: 0·070) compared to the least deprived area. In addition, concern type 3 (“Concerns of being blamed by others of infection”) showed a higher coefficient when individuals lived in the most deprived area (Q4 coefficient: 0·088, p-value: 0·006).Conclusion: People in deprived areas had inferior coping strategies; thus, they are more likely to be a risk population for current or future psychological problems. Proper strategies on the population are needed to build risk perception with adequate information about COVID-19.
Dynamic experiment on remediation of acid mine drainage by iron-carbon microelectrolysis enhanced sulfate-reducing bacteria
Authors: Li lihanzhe , Di Junzhen , Dong Yanrong , Bao Sihang , Fu Saiou
Published: August 2022

Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are easily inhibited by heavy metal ions and low pH when treating AMD, so iron-carbon microelectrolysis (IC-ME) was used to enhance SRB activity. The remediation AMD dynamic experiments were carried out by constructing seven groups of IC-ME bioreactors with different mass ratios (4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4), and the variation of microbial flora under IC-ME enhancement was explored by high-throughput sequencing. The mechanism of IC-ME enhanced SRB reactor to repair AMD was revealed by ion concentration change along the reactor, SEM, EDS, XRD, and other methods. The results indicate that SRB in the IC-ME bioreactor maintain a good biological activity when repairing AMD, and had a stable ability of sulfate removal. When the mass ratio of iron to carbon is 3:1, the removal rate of SO4 2-is 98.2%, and the removal rates of Cu2+ , Zn2+ , Mn2+ , and TFe were all above 99 %. The effluent was clear and the substrate utilization was less, which was better than that of other reactors. SO4 2-was reduced to S 2-by SRB and precipitated with metal ions; Cu2+ was mainly replaced by elemental copper deposited on the iron surface; Zn2+ was mainly removed in the form of sulfide and hydroxide precipitation; Mn2+ was mainly removed by manganese carbonate precipitation and iron ion coprecipitation; TFe was removed by oxide, hydroxide, and flocculation. Biocommunity analysis showed that SRB in the IC-ME bioreactor was not a single genus, and its relative abundance was better than control groups, with higher system stability. This study confirmed that the IC-ME enhanced SRB as a low-energy method for AMD will bring extensive application prospects.
Evaluation of antagonistic mechanisms of bacterial species recognized for the first time for their biocontrol activity against fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)
Authors: Mikiciński Artur , Puławska Joanna , Molzhigitova Assel , Sobiczewski Piotr
Published: August 2022

The results of our previous studies showed that 8 examined bacterial strains originating from the apple phyllosphere or soil environment showed both antagonistic activity towards E. amylovora and the protective ability of apple flowers and terminal shoots against fire blight. Five of the strains represented bacterial species in which this activity was observed for the first time (L16 Pseudomonas vancouverensis, 3M Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens, 43M Enterobacter ludwigii, 59M Pseudomonas protegens and 35M Pseudomonas congelans) (Mikiciński et al. 2020). We now present an attempt to explain the potential mechanisms related to the biocontrol capacity of the first four of the above mentioned strains. The studied strains were very effective in protecting pear fruitlet slices against fire blight. The disease severity after preventive treatment of the slices with the tested strains ranged from 0.0 to 0.6, while that of the untreated slices was 4.0 (rating scale: 0.0–4.0). Among the mechanisms studied, the L16 strain, characterized by the highest antagonistic activity, showed the ability to produce siderophores, biosurfactant, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), salicylic acid (SA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The L16 strain also degraded nicotinic acid. The 43M strain showed the lowest activity, producing only IAA and degrading nicotinic acid. A study of the detection of genes encoding antibiotics characteristic of pseudomonads showed the presence of prnD and gacA in the 3M strain and phlD, pltB, pltC and gacA in 59M. However, none of the genes sought were detected in the L16 strain.
Impacts of Rotation Radiative Heat-loss Functions Porosity with FLR Corrections on Transverse Thermal Instability of Finitely Conducting Plasma in Interstellar Medium (ISM)
Authors: Kaothekar Sachin , Mishra Sarvesh , Phadke Sushil
Published: August 2022

The impact of rotation, finite ion Larmor radius (FLR) corrections and porosity on the thermal criterion of instability of infinite uniform plasma has been carried out by including the effects of radiative heat-loss function and thermal conductivity. The universal dispersion relation is obtained by resources of the normal mode analysis technique by the use of suitable linearized perturbation equations of the problem. This dispersion relation is additionally condenses for rotation axis parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field for transverse wave propagation. Thermal instability criterion set up the stability of the medium. Numerical computations have been carried out to show the impacts of different parameters on the growth rate of the thermal instability. We conclude that rotation, FLR corrections and medium porosity stabilize the growth rate of the system in the transverse mode of propagation. Our result reveals that the rotation, porosity and FLR corrections affect the dens molecular clouds arrangement and star development in interstellar medium.
Sustainability and Scalability of Digital Tools for Learning: ABRACADABRA in Kenya
Authors: Lysenko Larysa , Abrami Philip C. , Wade C. Anne
Published: August 2022

This paper explores factors to increase the likelihood that the implementation of ABRACADABRA, a technology-based approach to teaching and learning literacy, endures and expands beyond the initial research. Started as a pilot study in 12 classrooms, the implementation spread to more than 500 primary classrooms over six years in five areas of Kenya. Drawing from research about scalability and sustainability of educational interventions and value-expectancy-cost theory, an exploratory survey was designed to interview a range of actors involved in the software implementation. We used a combination of an a priori and data-driven coding approaches to analyse the narratives. We then built a model exploring the relationship between expectancy-value-cost beliefs and the factors associated with implementation and sustainability. The model explained an important portion of variance in the self-reported intent to use the software with the most significant contributions from policies, professional development, and students. These findings may be useful in the context of low- and medium-income countries where no research-proven principles exist to building sustainable and scalable educational interventions.
Editorial
Authors: Cleveland-Innes Martha , Lakhal Sawsen
Published: August 2022

The pandemic experience has, to date, been inspiring, illuminating, and challenging for the Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology editors, authors, and reviewers. We are ready to present the following overview of issue 48(1).
Renormalization approach to the superconducting Kondo model
Authors: Sykora Steffen , Meng Tobias
Published: August 2022

An approach to bound states based on unitary transformations of Hamiltonians is presented. The method is applied to study the interaction between electrons in a BCS s-wave superconductor and a quantum spin. It is shown that known results from the t-matrix method and numerical studies are reproduced by this new method. As a main advantage, the method can straightforwardly be extended to study the topological properties of combined bound states in chains of many magnetic impurities. It also provides a uniform picture of the interplay between the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states and the Kondo singlet state.
Social safety as a criterion for the effectiveness of social policy: theoretical aspect, methodological principles of evaluation and reality in Ukraine
Authors: Yurchyk Halyna
Published: August 2022

The unresolved and aggravated social problems and risks in Ukraine necessitate the search for approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the social policy. Based on the generalization and critical analysis of existing scientific developments, it has been proved that one of the criteria for the effectiveness of social policy can be the level of social safety. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to develop a methodological framework for assessing the effectiveness of national social policy based on the level of social safety. On the basis of the conducted research, it has been established that today there is no single methodology for assessing the level of social security in science. They can be divided into methods of survey, observation, and comparison of indicators, as well as integrated evaluation. In Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy calculates the level of social safety based on the integrated assessment method. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of all indicators of social safety under current methods and suggests ways to modify them to increase the objectivity of the results. Based on the calculations, it is proved that the effectiveness of national social policy in terms of the level of social safety, which is calculated according to the author’s approach, is much lower.
Prediction of Undergraduate Student’s Study Completion Status Using MissForest Imputation in Random Forest and XGBoost Models
Authors: Nirmala Intan , Wijayanto Hari , Notodiputro Khairil Anwar
Published: August 2022

The number of higher education graduates in Indonesia is calculated based on their completion status. However, many undergraduate students have reached the maximum length of study, but their completion status is unknown. This condition becomes a problem in calculating the actual number of graduates as it is used as an indicator of higher education evaluation and other policy references. Therefore, the unknown completion status of the students who have reached the maximum length of study must be predicted. The research compared the performance of Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classification models in predicting the unknown completion status. The research used a dataset containing 13.377 undergraduate students’ profiles from the Higher Education Database (PDDikti), Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. The dataset was incomplete, and the proportion of missing data was 20,9% of the total data. Because missing data might lead to prediction bias, the research also used MissForest imputation to overcome the missing data in the classification modelling and compared it to Mean/Mode and Median/Mode imputation. The results show that MissForest outperforms the other two imputations in both classifiers but requires the longest computation time. Furthermore, the XGBoost model with MissForest is significantly superior to the Random Forest model with MissForest. Hence, the best model chosen to predict the completion status is XGBoost with MissForest imputation.
PENGGUNAAN METODE KAIDAH USHULIYAH DALAM MEMAHAMI NASH SECARA TEKSTUALIS DAN KONTEKSTUAL
Authors: Azizi Alfian Qodri
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn essence the product of a Kaidah is an extract from the proposition of the Al- Qur’an and the Hadith which is the main priority source of Islamic law. However, what needs to be an important point is that the use of kaidah cannot be immediately applied to all legal cases equally because this causes one to be trapped in a textualist, partial, and historical dimension of legal understanding. Therefore, this paper would like to examine how the method of understanding textual kaidah ushuliyah ? and How is the application of the kaidah ushuliyah to suit the social context of the community? This research is in the qualitative domain which is more directed towards conceptual leadership based on library analysis. The results of this research are the method of understanding textually kaidah ushuliyyah divided into mutakallimin methods, ahnaf methods, mixed methods. Furthermore, so that the use of the kaidah ushuliyyah can be in accordance with the social context it must be reviewed in accordance with the specificity of the reasons rather than based on the general speech.
MENIMBANG KEKUATAN DAN KELEMAHAN HERMENEUTIKA SEBAGAI METODE INTERPRETASI TEKS-TEKS KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Fsh Supangat
Published: August 2022

The use of hermeneutics in understanding the Qur'an is confronted with controversies in disclosure, revolving around hermeneutic historicity, hermeneutic dissimilarities with interpretation, differences in the character of the Qur'an and the Bible, subjectivity and relativity of interpretation, reproduction of meaning and contextuality, not in detail, and not procedural. For groups who consider strengths and weaknesses in the interpretation of the Koran actually has the same purpose, namely to explain the purpose and message of the Qur'an as religious texts as a guide to human beings that is appropriate at every time and place. For those who are considered media interpreters of the Koran trying to elaborate the teachings of the Koran according to its context as a strength. Whereas those who consider hermeneutic weaknesses as a means of interpretation of religious texts feel obliged to apply the Qur'an in the lives of Muslims throughout time, which have been understood literally by the ulama and maintain the genuine and very established methods that have been formulated by Salafus shâlih namely interpretation and takwil methods that cannot be matched with hermeneutics. When accepting a new method, Muslims must be able to be wise to see strengths and weaknesses as a means of interpreting religious texts, not rejecting blindly and also not accepting as a whole, selective attitude is very necessary. Hermeneutics is accepted as a method of interpretation aimed at living the world of texts which nuances of the past with the empirical world today, so that it can answer all the problems that occur in the midst of society, by paying attention to the interpretation methods that have been formulated by scholars with compromise. Keywords: Hermeneutics, Religious texts, Accept and reject, compromise
BIOGRAFI SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI: PENGUASA DINASTI TURKI UTSMANI PADA MASA KEJAYAAN
Authors: Sucipto Sucipto -
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This research aims at discussing the biography of Sultan Sulaiman al-Qanuni, starting from his childhood era until becoming the ruler of the Ottoman Turks. It is described in many literatures that Sulaiman's life is close to various sciences. Furthermore, in his youth he has shown a strong character as a leader. His skill in leading the Ottoman Empire made him a great Sultan who was respected and feared by his opponents. On the other hand, in the hands of Sulaiman al-Qanuni, the Ottoman Empire succeeded in achieving a golden age and glory. He was given the title al-Qanuni which means “the law maker”, which one of his contributions was the compiling of the law book used as a guide by the people of the Ottoman Empire. Sulaiman al-Qanuni's success can be seen in various fields, such as politics, economy, social, military, arts, and culture. This research focuses on literature research, using historical research methods, namely, heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Key Words: Biography, Sulaiman al-Qanuni, Ottoman Empire, Leadership  Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang Sosok biografi Sultan Sulaiman al-Qanuni, dimulai sejak masa kecil hingga menjadi penguasa Turki Utsmani. Digambarkan kehidupan Sulaiman dekat dengan berbagai ilmu pengetahuan. Selanjutnya di masa mudanya ia sudah menunjukkan karakter yang kuat sebagai seorang pemimpin. Kepandaiannya dalam memimpin Imperium Turki Utsmani, menjadikannya seorang Sultan yang besar yang dihormati dan ditakuti oleh lawan-lawannya. Di sisi lain ditangan Sulaiman al-Qanuni Dinasti Turki Utsmani berhasil mencapai masa keemasan dan kejayaan. Dia digelari dengan gelar al-Qanuni yang berarti “pembuat Undang-Undang”, yaitu salah satu kontribusinya  dalam menyusun kitab Undang-undang yang dijadikan panduan dan pegangan oleh masyarakat Dinasti Turki Utsmani. Keberhasilan Sulaiman al-Qanuni terlihat dalam berbagai bidang, seperti politik, ekonomi, sosial, militer, seni, dan budaya. Penelitian ini fokus pada penelitian pustaka, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah, yaitu, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Kata kunci: Biografi, Sulaiman al-Qanuni, Turki Utsmani, Kepemiminan.
PELAKSANAAN HAḌANAH OLEH IBU SEBAGAI SINGLE PARENT AKIBAT PERCERAIAN PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH
Authors: Listyorini Indah , Rofiq Muhammad Khoirur
Published: August 2022

Haḍanah atau pengasuhan anak menjadi tanggung jawab orang tua yaitu ayah dan ibu. Namun dalam keluarga yang bercerai, memungkinkan anak diasuh oleh salah satu orang tua atau single parent. Jumlah single parent dalam pengasuhan anak meningkat dari tahun ke tahun atau setiap 100 keluarga di Indonesia, sebanyak 15 keluarga dikepalai oleh perempuan, lalu bagaimana pemenuhan kebutuhan keluarga dan pengasuhan anak yang dilakukan oleh single parent? Dalam penelitian ini akan fokus mengkaji (1) bagaimana pelaksanaan haḍanah oleh ibu sebagai single parent di kelurahan Tambakromo? (2) bagaimana analisis maṣlahah dalam pelaksanaan haḍanah yang dilakukan oleh ibu sebagai single parent di Kelurahan Tambakromo? Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) ibu sebagai single parent di Kelurahan Tambakromo dapat melakukan haḍanah dengan baik dengan menjalankan peran dan fungsi sebagai kepala rumah tangga yang bertanggung jawab terhadap biaya hidup pemeliharaan, dan pengasuhan anak meski dalam pemenuhan ekonomi keluarga dilakukan dengan kerja keras. (2) Haḍanah yang dilakukan oleh ibu sebagai single parent di Kelurahan Tambakromo telah memenuhi kemaslahatan keluarga terutama kemaslahatan anak dengan terpeliharanya lima hal yaitu, memelihara agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta. Kata Kunci: single parent, haḍanah, perceraian, maṣlahah, Tambakromo
A zonal and segmentation analysis of the relationships between variations in sea-surface temperatures of the western Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asian rainfall
Authors: Wangsomcholk Chalermpol , Shrestha Rajendra Prasad , Ninsawat Sarawut , Winijkul Ekbordin
Published: August 2022

With the objective of understanding how terrestrial precipitation in Southeast Asia (SEA) responds to both temporal and spatial variations in sea-surface temperature (SST) of the western Pacific Ocean, we first used the North–South and zonal SST variation analyses for the data set named A Group for High-Resolution Sea-Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Level 4 Multiscale Ultrahigh Resolution (MUR). Second, we applied a localized correlation analysis to the SST data set and rainfall data (Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global precipitation measurement (IMERG)) in order to determine the boundaries and characteristics of the complex interactions between SST and rainfall variations. The zonal SST variation analysis result suggested that the warm pool in the North of western Pacific zones close to SEA (120 °E–150 °E) was more sustained and less varied than that in the South zones. In terms of the western Pacific SST impact on rainfall in SEA, the correlation analysis confirmed the well-established concept that the SST of the ocean part close to the SEA land, in general, has more influence on SEA rainfall than does the SST of the ocean part far away from SEA. Still, there were some parts of SEA whose rainfall was not governed by the sea–land juxtaposition.
The effect of PO43--P concentration on sludge settleability and nutrients removal performance
Authors: Peng Zhaoxu , Wang Ju , Niu Ningqi , Liu Ao , Niu Yongqing , Qin Jing , Liu Minghui , Li Ying
Published: August 2022

In order to explore the effect of influent -P concentration on the relationship of phosphorus remove performance and sludge settleability, three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) operated as anaerobic/aerobic mode were used to treat wastewater with different -P concentrations (same COD), and the organic loading rate (OLR) was changed through adjusting the anaerobic (aerobic) duration. The sludge settleability, nutrients removal, and microorganism species were investigated. The results showed that when the influent -P were 4.3 mg·L−1 and 8.6 mg·L−1, increasing the OLR through decreasing aerobic duration could significantly improve sludge settleability, while decreasing anaerobic duration could not. It was found that increase the OLR could promote the denitrification compete for carbon sources with phosphorus release process by inhibiting the accumulation of -N, leading to the decrease of phosphorus removal ability. When the influent -P was 17.2 mg·L−1, sufficient nitrification was beneficial to enrich denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria (DPAO), and the activities of Thauera and Flavobacterium (DPAO) were stronger. Therefore, increasing influent -P concentration and reducing aerobic duration could help phosphorus accumulating bacteria (PAO) compete with denitrification for COD and enrich DPAO, thus reducing carbon source consumption.
Illuminating the G-Quadruplex: A Review on Fluorescent Probes for Detecting Polymorphic G-Quartet DNA Structures
Authors: Ganegamage Susantha K. , Heagy Michael D.
Published: August 2022

Modulating crucial biological processes such as gene regulation, aging, and relationship to globally important human health issues such as cancer has significantly brought considerable attention to G-quadruplex over the past few decades. As the impact of Gquadruplex emerges on so many biological roles, cancer prognosis and pathogenesis have not been fully understood, and selective small molecular binders with suitable chemical, photophysical and biological properties are potentially applicable biophysical tools for tracking Gquadruplex functions. The chemical properties include suitable water solubility, liphophilicity, etc., and the photophysical properties include excitation, emission, stoke-shift, lifetime, quantum yield, and measurable, selective changes of former photophysical parameters within the ideal spectral window upon interaction with the target. The biological properties include; toxicity, cellular infiltration, and selective binding with G-quadruplex over non-specific targets (e.g., duplex DNA, RNA, non-specific biomolecules etc.) in the complex cellular matrix. The development of G-quadruplex-selective probes, therefore, continues to be an important but challenging task for molecular therapeutic, diagnostic, imaging, and sensing applications. In this review, we have classified and summarized several classes of probes; carbocyanine, porphyrins, ethidium, carbazoles, acridines, tripodal or tetrapodal probes, pyrimidine carboxamides, tianguleniums, anthraquinones, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, BODIPY dyes, berberines, acetones and their derivatives for the variation of selectivity, photophysical, and biological properties with respect to the structural modifications, which ultimately provide helpful guidance for designing novel probes with optimal characteristics.
Atractylodes-I Overcomes the Oxidative Stress-induced Colonic
Mucosal Epithelial Cells Dysfunction to Prevent Irritable Bowel
Syndrome Via Modulating the miR-34a-5p-LDHA Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xu Ruilian , Liu Xianyong , Tian Mengfei , Chen Diping
Published: August 2022

Background:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a known brain-gut disorder. Currently, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of IBS remain unclear. Atractylenolide‐I (ATL-I) is majorly bioactive component extracted from Rhizoma Atractylodes Macrocephalae.

Methods:

Studies have revealed that ATL-I functioned as an anti-tumor drug in various
cancers. However, the effects and molecular mechanisms of ATL-I on the pathological
processes of colonic mucosal epithelial cells (CMECs) during IBS remain unclear. This
study reports ATL-I effectively alleviated the oxidative stress-induced colonic mucosal
epithelial cell dysfunction. In colonic mucosal tissues from IBS patients, we detected
upregulated miR-34a-5p and suppressed glucose metabolism enzyme expressions.
Under H2O2 treatment which mimics in vitro oxidative stress, miR-34a-5p was induced
and glucose metabolism was inhibited in the colon mucosal epithelial cell line, NCM460.
Meanwhile, ATL-I treatment effectively overcame the oxidative stress-induced miR-34a-
5p expression and glucose metabolism in NCM460 cells.

Result:

By bioinformatics analysis, Western blot and luciferase assay, we illustrated that
miR-34a-5p directly targeted the 3’UTR region of glucose metabolism key enzyme,
lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) in colonic mucosal epithelial cells. Rescue
experiments validated that miR-34a-5p inhibited glucose metabolism by targeting LDHA.
Finally, we demonstrated that ATL-I treatment reversed the miR-34a-5p-inhibited
glucose metabolism and -exacerbated colonic mucosal epithelial cell dysfunction under
oxidative stress by modulating the miR-34a-5p-LDHA pathway.

Conclusion:

Summarily, our study reports the roles and mechanisms of ATL-I in the
oxidative stress-induced colonic mucosal epithelial cell dysfunction during IBS through
regulating the miR-34a-5p-LDHA-glucose metabolism axis.
The Emerging Role of Quercetin in the Treatment of Chronic Pain
Authors: Xu Ai-Jun , Zhou Ya-Qun , Liu Cheng , Liu Dai-Qiang , Tian Yu-Ke , Mei Wei , Tian Xue-Bi
Published: August 2022

Despite much research efforts being devoted to designing alternative pharmacological interventions, chronic pain remains to be an unresolved clinical problem. Quercetin, a compound that belongs to the flavonoids family, is abundantly found in fruits and vegetables. Emerging evidence indicates that quercetin possesses anti-nociceptive effects in different rodent models of chronic pain, including inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain and cancer pain. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of quercetin in preclinical studies. These studies showed that quercetin exerts potent analgesic effects against chronic pain via suppressing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress as well as modulation of synaptic plasticity, GABAergic system, and opioidergic system. Considering that the safety of quercetin is well established, it has great potential for clinical use in pain treatment.
Targeted Therapies in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Due to Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Mares Adriana , Mukherjee Debabrata , Lange Richard A. , Nickel Nils P.
Published: August 2022

Pulmonary arterial hypertension [PAH] is a devastating cardiovascular disease leading to right heart failure and death if untreated. Medical therapies for PAH have evolved substantially over the last decades and are associated with improvements in functional class, quality of life, and survival. PAH-targeted therapies now consist of multiple inhaled, oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous therapies targeting the phosphodiesterase, guanylate cyclase, endothelin and prostacyclin pathways.
Patients with congenital heart disease [CHD] are at high risk of developing PAH and growing evidence exists that PAH-targeted therapy can be beneficial in PAH-CHD. However, the PAH-CHD patient population is challenging to treat due to the heterogeneity and complexity of their cardiac lesions and associated comorbidities. Furthermore, most high-quality randomized placebo-controlled trials investigating the effects of PAH-targeted therapies only included a minority of PAH-CHD patients. Few randomized, controlled trials have investigated the effects of PAH-targeted therapy in pre-specified PAH-CHD populations. Consequently, the results of these clinical trials cannot be extrapolated broadly to the PAH-CHD population.
This review summarizes the data from high-quality clinical PAH treatment trials with a specific focus on the PAH-CAD?? population.