bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural evidence of spontaneous Senecavirus A-induced lesions at the choroid plexus of newborn piglets
Authors: Oliveira Thalita E. S. , Michelazzo Mariana M. Z. , Fernandes Thiago , de Oliveira Admilton G. , Leme Raquel A. , Alfieri Alice F. , Alfieri Amauri A. , Headley Selwyn A.
Published: November 2017

Epidemic Transient Neonatal Losses (ETNL) is a disease of piglets caused by Senecavirus A (SVA) in which the method of dissemination and associated lesions are not well-defined. This study investigated the possible SVA-induced lesions by examining spontaneous infections in newborn piglets. Histopathology revealed ballooning degeneration of transitional epithelium, nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis, plexus choroiditis, and atrophic enteritis. RT-PCR identified SVA in all tissues evaluated and sequencing confirmed these results. Positive immunoreactivity to SVA was observed in endothelial and epithelial tissues of all organs evaluated. Semithin analysis revealed vacuolization of apical enterocytes of the small intestine, balloon degeneration and necrosis of endothelial cells of the choroid plexus (CP) and nonsuppurative choroid plexitis. Ultrathin evaluation demonstrated hydropic degeneration of apical enterocytes, degeneration and necrosis of endothelium of CP fenestrated capillaries, degeneration of ependymocytes associated with intralesional viral particles. It is proposed that SVA initially infects apical enterocytes of newborn piglets and probably enters the circulatory system with entry to the brain via the CP, by first producing an initial inflammatory reaction, with subsequent encephalitic dissemination. Consequently, SVA probably uses an enteric-neurological method of dissemination.
Antiphospholipid antibodies increase the levels of mitochondrial DNA in placental extracellular vesicles: Alarmin-g for preeclampsia
Authors: Tong Mancy , Johansson Caroline , Xiao Fengyi , Stone Peter R. , James Joanna L. , Chen Qi , Cree Lynsey M. , Chamley Lawrence W.
Published: November 2017

The pathogenesis of preeclampsia remains unclear but placental factors are known to play a crucial role causing maternal endothelial cell dysfunction. One potential factor is placental micro- and nano- vesicles. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) increase the risk of preeclampsia ten-fold, in part by damaging the mitochondria in the syncytiotrophoblast. Since mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a danger- associated molecular pattern (DAMP/alarmin) that may activate endothelial cells, the aims of the current study were to investigate whether aPL affect the number of placental vesicles extruded, their mtDNA content and their ability to activate endothelial cells. Exposure of first trimester human placental explants to aPL affected neither the number nor size of extruded micro- and nano- vesicles (n = 5), however their levels of mtDNA were increased (n = 6). These vesicles significantly activated endothelial cells (n = 5), which was prevented by blocking toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9), a receptor for extracellular DNA. Thus, aPL may increase the risk of preeclampsia in part by increasing the amount of mtDNA associated with placental vesicles. That mitochondrial DNA is recognised as a DAMP by TLR-9 to cause endothelial cell activation, raises the possibility that placental vesicles or TLR-9 might be a target for pharmaceutical intervention to reduce the consequences of aPL in pregnancy.
Magnetic field observations in CoFeB/Ta layers with 0.67-nm resolution by electron holography
Authors: Tanigaki Toshiaki , Akashi Tetsuya , Sugawara Akira , Miura Katsuya , Hayakawa Jun , Niitsu Kodai , Sato Takeshi , Yu Xiuzhen , Tomioka Yasuhide , Harada Ken , Shindo Daisuke , Tokura Yoshinori , Shinada Hiroyuki
Published: November 2017

Nanometre-scale magnetic field distributions in materials such as those at oxide interfaces, in thin layers of spintronics devices, and at boundaries in magnets have become important research targets in materials science and applied physics. Electron holography has advantages in nanometric magnetic field observations, and the realization of aberration correctors has improved its spatial resolution. Here we show the subnanometre magnetic field observations inside a sample at 0.67-nm resolution achieved by an aberration-corrected 1.2-MV holography electron microscope with a pulse magnetization system. A magnetization reduction due to intermixing in a CoFeB/Ta multilayer is analyzed by observing magnetic field and electrostatic potential distributions simultaneously. Our results demonstrate that high-voltage electron holography can be widely applied to pin-point magnetization analysis with structural and composition information in physics, chemistry, and materials science.
Penultimate deglacial warming across the Mediterranean Sea revealed by clumped isotopes in foraminifera
Authors: Rodríguez-Sanz L. , Bernasconi S. M. , Marino G. , Heslop D. , Müller I. A. , Fernandez A. , Grant K. M. , Rohling E. J.
Published: November 2017

The variability of seawater temperature through time is a critical measure of climate change, yet its reconstruction remains problematic in many regions. Mg/Ca and oxygen isotope (δ18OC) measurements in foraminiferal carbonate shells can be combined to reconstruct seawater temperature and δ18O (δ18OSW). The latter is a measure of changes in local hydrology (e.g., precipitation/evaporation, freshwater inputs) and global ice volume. But diagenetic processes may affect foraminiferal Mg/Ca. This restricts its potential in many places, including the Mediterranean Sea, a strategic region for deciphering global climate and sea-level changes. High alkalinity/salinity conditions especially bias Mg/Ca temperatures in the eastern Mediterranean (eMed). Here we advance the understanding of both western Mediterranean (wMed) and eMed hydrographic variability through the penultimate glacial termination (TII) and last interglacial, by applying the clumped isotope (Δ47) paleothermometer to planktic foraminifera with a novel data-processing approach. Results suggest that North Atlantic cooling during Heinrich stadial 11 (HS11) affected surface-water temperatures much more in the wMed (during winter/spring) than in the eMed (during summer). The method’s paired Δ47 and δ18OC data also portray δ18OSW. These records reveal a clear HS11 freshwater signal, which attenuated toward the eMed, and also that last interglacial surface warming in the eMed was strongly amplified by water-column stratification during the deposition of the organic-rich (sapropel) interval known as S5.
Greenhouse gases emissions in rivers of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Qu Bin , Aho Kelly Sue , Li Chaoliu , Kang Shichang , Sillanpää Mika , Yan Fangping , Raymond Peter A.
Published: November 2017

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from streams are important to regional biogeochemical budgets. This study is one of the first to incorporate stream GHGs (CO2, CH4 and N2O) concentrations and emissions in rivers of the Tibetan Plateau. With one-time sampling from 32 sites in rivers of the plateau, we found that most of the rivers were supersaturated with CO2, CH4 and N2O during the study period. Medians of partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2), pCH4 and pN2O were presented 864 μatm, 6.3 μatm, and 0.25 μatm respectively. Based on a scaling model of the flux of gas, the calculated fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O (3,452 mg-C m2 d−1, 26.7 mg-C m2 d−1 and 0.18 mg-N m2 d−1, respectively) in rivers of the Tibetan Plateau were found comparable with most other rivers in the world; and it was revealed that the evasion rates of CO2 and CH4 in tributaries of the rivers of the plateau were higher than those in the mainstream despite its high altitude. Furthermore, concentrations of GHGs in the studied rivers were related to dissolved carbon and nitrogen, indicating that riverine dissolved components could be used to scale GHGs envision in rivers of the Tibetan Plateau.
MicroRNA regulation of Transthyretin in trophoblast differentiation and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction
Authors: Saha Sarbani , Chakraborty Shreeta , Bhattacharya Agnihotri , Biswas Arati , Ain Rupasri
Published: November 2017

Placental trophoblast cells produce various cytokines, transporters vital to normal embryogenesis. Transthyretin (TTR) aids trans-placental passage of maternal thyroxin (TH) to fetal circulation. Inadequate TH delivery leads to developmental abnormality. Regulation of TTR biosynthesis in placenta is critical for normal embryo development. We showed here that TTR transcripts were expressed more in fetal placenta. Using bioinformatic analysis and confirmation with dual-luciferase reporter assays, we found that miR-200a-3p and miR-141-3p inhibited TTR expression by directly binding to the 3′UTR of TTR, which is reversed by mutation in the microRNA binding site. Differentiation of human trophoblast BeWo cells was associated with decreased TTR transcript and protein levels with concomitant increase in the levels of both microRNAs. Interestingly, ectopic overexpression of the microRNA mimics abrogated thyroxin uptake by BeWo cells, which was reversed by the corresponding inhibitors. Furthermore, in a rat model of intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), TTR expression decreased significantly in placenta with reciprocal rise in miR-141-3p but not 200a-3p. In human IUGR placenta, TTR transcript and protein levels were significantly lower associated with high expression of miR-141-3p but not 200a-3p. These data provides new insight into physiological role of miR-141-3p in regulating TTR during trophoblast differentiation and IUGR.
Aberrant brain response after auditory deviance in PTSD compared to trauma controls: An EEG study
Authors: Bangel Katrin A. , van Buschbach Susanne , Smit Dirk J. A. , Mazaheri Ali , Olff Miranda
Published: November 2017

Part of the symptomatology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are alterations in arousal and reactivity which could be related to a maladaptive increase in the automated sensory change detection system of the brain. In the current EEG study we investigated whether the brain’s response to a simple auditory sensory change was altered in patients with PTSD relative to trauma-exposed matched controls who did not develop the disorder. Thirteen male PTSD patients and trauma-exposed controls matched for age and educational level were presented with regular auditory pure tones (1000 Hz, 200 ms duration), with 11% of the tones deviating in both duration (50 ms) and frequency (1200 Hz) while watching a silent movie. Relative to the controls, patients who had developed PTSD showed enhanced mismatch negativity (MMN), increased theta power (5–7 Hz), and stronger suppression of upper alpha activity (13–15 Hz) after deviant vs. standard tones. Behaviourally, the alpha suppression in PTSD correlated with decreased spatial working memory performance suggesting it might reflect enhanced stimulus-feature representations in auditory memory. These results taken together suggest that PTSD patients and trauma-exposed controls can be distinguished by enhanced involuntary attention to changes in sensory patterns.
Impact of customary fluoride rinsing solutions on the pellicle’s protective properties and bioadhesion in situ
Authors: Kensche A. , Kirsch J. , Mintert S. , Enders F. , Pötschke S. , Basche S. , König B. , Hannig C. , Hannig M.
Published: November 2017

This study investigated the impact of customary fluoride based mouthrinses on the ultrastructure and the functional properties of the in situ pellicle, considering the prevention of erosion (8 volunteers) and initial biofilm formation (12 volunteers). Bovine enamel slabs were carried intraorally. After 1 min of pellicle formation, the subjects rinsed with elmex Kariesschutz (A), Dontodent Med Care (B), meridol (C) or elmex Zahnschmelzschutz Professional (D) for 1 min. In situ pellicle formation was continued up to 30 min/8 h before processing the slabs in vitro. Erosion was simulated by incubating the specimens in HCl (pH 3.0, 2.3, 2.0) for 120 s, measuring the kinetics of calcium/phosphate release photometrically; representative samples were evaluated by TEM and EDX. Bacterial adhesion was visualized fluorescence microscopically (DAPI/BacLight). Native enamel slabs or physiological pellicle samples served as controls. All investigated mouthrinses enhanced the erosion preventive pellicle effect in dependence of the pH-value. A significant decrease of Ca/P release at all pH values was achieved after rinsing with D; TEM/EDX confirmed ultrastructural pellicle modifications. All mouthrinses tendentially reduced bacterial adherence, however not significantly. The mouthrinse containing NaF/AmF/SnCl2 (D) offers an effective oral hygiene supplement to prevent caries and erosion.
Observability of Complex Systems: Finding the Gap
Authors: Stigter J. D. , Joubert D. , Molenaar J.
Published: November 2017

For a reconstruction of state and parameter values in a dynamic system model, first the question whether these values can be uniquely determined from the data must be answered. This structural model property is known as observability or, in case of parameter calibration only, identifiability. Testing a given model for observability is a well studied problem in the systems and control sciences. However, it is increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to address this property for large size models that, nowadays, are frequently used. We demonstrate the application of a recently developed algorithm that overcomes this problem and is remarkably efficient. As an illustration we show how an observability analysis for a Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell model (34 states, 117 parameters), a JAKSTAT signalling model (31 states, 51 parameters), and a MAP Kinase model (100 states, 88 parameters) can be established in a very short time.
A first assessment of Fraxinus excelsior (common ash) susceptibility to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (ash dieback) throughout the British Isles
Authors: Stocks Jonathan J. , Buggs Richard J. A. , Lee Steve J.
Published: November 2017

Ash dieback (ADB), caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, has severely damaged a large proportion of ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior) in continental Europe. We have little damage data for the British Isles where the disease was found only five years ago in the Southeast, and is still spreading. A large-scale screening trial to evaluate ADB damage to provenances of F. excelsior sourced from throughout the British Isles was planted in 2013 in the southeast of England. In 2016, we scored trees by their level of ADB damage observed in field at the two worst affected (based on assessments in 2015) of the 14 sites. Significant differences were found in average ADB damage among planting sites and seed source provenances. Trees from certain provenances in Scotland were the least damaged by ADB, whereas trees from Wales and Southeast England were the most badly damaged in both trial sites. Thus the levels of ADB damage currently seen in ash populations in Southeast England may not be an accurate predictor of the damage expected in future throughout the British Isles. Given all provenances contained some healthy trees, a breeding programme to produce genetically variable native ash tree populations with lower ADB susceptibility may be feasible.
The Systemic Response to Topical Aldara Treatment is Mediated Through Direct TLR7 Stimulation as Imiquimod Enters the Circulation
Authors: Nerurkar Louis , McColl Alison , Graham Gerard , Cavanagh Jonathan
Published: November 2017

Topical application of Aldara cream, containing the Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist Imiquimod, is a widely used mouse model for investigating the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We have previously used this model to study the effects of peripheral inflammation on the brain, and reported a brain-specific response characterised by increased transcription, infiltration of immune cells and anhedonic-like behavior. Here, we perform a more robust characterisation of the systemic response to Aldara application and find a potent but transient response in the periphery, followed by a prolonged response in the brain. Mass spectrometry analysis of plasma and brain samples identified significant levels of Imiquimod in both compartments at molar concentrations likely to evoke a biological response. Indeed, the association of Imiquimod with the brain correlated with increased Iba1 and GFAP staining, indicative of microglia and astrocyte reactivity. These results highlight the potency of this model and raise the question of how useful it is for interpreting the systemic response in psoriasis-like skin inflammation. In addition, the potential impact on the brain should be considered with regards to human use and may explain why fatigue, headaches and nervousness have been reported as side effects following prolonged Aldara use.
Phylogeography reveals a potential cryptic invasion in the Southern Hemisphere of Ceratophyllum demersum, New Zealand’s worst invasive macrophyte
Authors: Hyldgaard Benita , Lambertini Carla , Brix Hans
Published: November 2017

Ceratophyllum demersum(common hornwort) is presently considered the worst invasive submerged aquatic macrophyte in New Zealand. We explored the global phylogeographic pattern of the species, based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA, in order to identify the origin of the invasive populations in New Zealand and to clarify if there were multiple introductions. The phylogeographic study identified geographically differentiated gene pools in North America, tropical Asia, Australia, and South Africa, likely native to these regions, and a recent dispersal event of a Eurasian-related haplotype to North America, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa. At least two different invasive genotypes of this Eurasian-related haplotype have been found in New Zealand. One genotype is closely related to genotypes in Australia and South Africa, while we could not trace the closest relatives of the other genotype within ourC. demersumsample set. Contrasting spectra of genetic distances in New Zealand and in a region within the native range (Denmark), suggest that the invasive population was founded by vegetative reproduction, seen as low genetic distances among genotypes. We also discovered the introduction of the same Eurasian-related haplotype in Australia and South Africa and that a cryptic invasion may be occurring in these continents.
Probing spatial heterogeneity in silicon thin films by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Yamazaki Hideyuki , Koike Mitsuo , Saitoh Masumi , Tomita Mitsuhiro , Yokogawa Ryo , Sawamoto Naomi , Tomita Motohiro , Kosemura Daisuke , Ogura Atsushi
Published: November 2017

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for revealing spatial heterogeneity in solid-state structures but heretofore has not been able to measure spectra from multiple positions on a sample within a short time. Here, we report a novel Raman spectroscopy approach to study the spatial heterogeneity in thermally annealed amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin films. Raman spectroscopy employs both a galvano-mirror and a two-dimensional charge-coupled device detector system, which can measure spectra at 200 nm intervals at every position along a sample in a short time. We analyzed thermally annealed a-Si thin films with different film thicknesses. The experimental results suggest a correlation between the distribution of the average nanocrystal size over different spatial regions and the thickness of the thermally annealed a-Si thin film. The ability to evaluate the average size of the Si nanocrystals through rapid data acquisition is expected to lead to research into new applications of nanocrystals.
A novel role for OATP2A1/SLCO2A1 in a murine model of colon cancer
Authors: Nakanishi Takeo , Ohno Yasuhiro , Aotani Rika , Maruyama Shio , Shimada Hiroaki , Kamo Shunsuke , Oshima Hiroko , Oshima Masanobu , Schuetz John D. , Tamai Ikumi
Published: November 2017

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is associated with proliferation and angiogenesis in colorectal tumours. The role of prostaglandin transporter OATP2A1/SLCO2A1 in colon cancer tumorogenesis is unknown. We evaluated mice of various Slco2a1 genotypes in a murine model of colon cancer, the adenomatous polyposis (APC) mutant (Apc
∆716/+) model. Median lifespan was significantly extended from 19 weeks in Slco2a1+/+/Apc
Δ716/+ mice to 25 weeks in Slco2a1−/−/Apc
Δ716/+ mice. Survival was directly related to a reduction in the number of large polyps in the Slco2a1−/−/Apc
∆716/+ compared to the Slco2a1+/+/Apc
Δ716/+ or Slco2a1+/−/Apc
Δ716/+mice. The large polyps from the Slco2a1−/−/Apc
∆716/+ mice had significant reductions in microvascular density, consistent with the high expression of Slco2a1 in the tumour-associated vascular endothelial cells. Chemical suppression of OATP2A1 function significantly reduced tube formation and wound-healing activity of PGE2 in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) although the amount of extracellular PGE2 was not affected by an OATP2A1 inhibitor. Further an in vivo model of angiogenesis, showed a significant reduction of haemoglobin content (54.2%) in sponges implanted into Slco2a1−/−, compared to wildtype mice. These studies indicate that OATP2A1 is likely to promote tumorogenesis by PGE2 uptake into the endothelial cells, suggesting that blockade of OATP2A1 is an additional pharmacologic strategy to improve colon cancer outcomes.
Computational and NMR spectroscopy insights into the conformation of cyclic di-nucleotides
Authors: Wang Baifan , Wang Zhenghua , Javornik Uroš , Xi Zhen , Plavec Janez
Published: November 2017

Cyclic di-nucleotides (CDNs) are second messengers in bacteria and metazoan that are as such controlling important biological processes. Here the conformational space of CDNs was explored systematically by a combination of extensive conformational search and DFT calculations as well as NMR methods. We found that CDNs adopt pre-organized conformations in solution in which the ribose conformations are North type and glycosidic bond conformations are anti type. The overall flexibility of CDNs as well as the backbone torsion angles depend on the cyclization of the phosphodiester bond. Compared to di-nucleotides, CDNs display high rigidity in the macrocyclic moieties. Structural comparison studies demonstrate that the pre-organized conformations of CDNs highly resemble the biologically active conformations. These findings provide information for the design of small molecules to modulate CDNs signalling pathways in bacteria or as vaccine adjuvants. The rigidity of the backbone of CDNs enables the design of high order structures such as molecular cages based on CDNs analogues.
Memory effect behavior with respect to the crystal grain size in the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite nonvolatile resistive random access memory
Authors: Heo Jin Hyuck , Shin Dong Hee , Moon Sang Hwa , Lee Min Ho , Kim Do Hun , Oh Seol Hee , Jo William , Im Sang Hyuk
Published: November 2017

The crystal grain size of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (OHP) film was controllable in the range from ~60 nm to ~600 nm by non-solvents inter-diffusion controlled crystallization process in dripping crystallization method for the formation of perovskite film. The MAPbI3 OHP non-volatile resistive random access memory with ~60 nm crystal grain size exhibited >0.1 TB/in2 storage capacity, >600 cycles endurance, >104 s data retention time, ~0.7 V set, and ~−0.61 V re-set bias voltage.
Strong localization of oxidized Co3+ state in cobalt-hexacyanoferrate
Authors: Niwa Hideharu , Takachi Masamitsu , Okamoto Jun , Wu Wen-Bin , Chu Yen-Yi , Singh Amol , Huang Di-Jing , Moritomo Yutaka
Published: November 2017

Secondary batteries are important energy storage devices for a mobile equipment, an electric car, and a large-scale energy storage. Nevertheless, variation of the local electronic state of the battery materials in the charge (or oxidization) process are still unclear. Here, we investigated the local electronic state of cobalt-hexacyanoferrate (Na
x
Co[Fe(CN)6]0.9), by means of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) with high energy resolution (~100 meV). The L-edge RIXS is one of the most powerful spectroscopic technique with element- and valence-selectivity. We found that the local electronic state around Co2+ in the partially-charged Na1.1Co2+0.5Co3+0.5[Fe2+(CN)6]0.9 film (x = 1.1) is the same as that of the discharged Na1.6Co2+[Fe2+(CN)6]0.9 film (x = 1.6) within the energy resolution, indicating that the local electronic state around Co2+ is invariant against the partial oxidization. In addition, the local electronic state around the oxidized Co3+ is essentially the same as that of the fully-charged film Co3+[Fe2+(CN)6]0.3[Fe3+(CN)6]0.6 (x = 0.0) film. Such a strong localization of the oxidized Co3+ state is advantageous for the reversibility of the redox process, since the localization reduces extra reaction within the materials and resultant deterioration.
Exploration of Hand Grasp Patterns Elicitable Through Non-Invasive Proximal Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Shin Henry , Watkins Zach , Hu Xiaogang
Published: November 2017

Various neurological conditions, such as stroke or spinal cord injury, result in an impaired control of the hand. One method of restoring this impairment is through functional electrical stimulation (FES). However, traditional FES techniques often lead to quick fatigue and unnatural ballistic movements. In this study, we sought to explore the capabilities of a non-invasive proximal nerve stimulation technique in eliciting various hand grasp patterns. The ulnar and median nerves proximal to the elbow joint were activated transcutanously using a programmable stimulator, and the resultant finger flexion joint angles were recorded using a motion capture system. The individual finger motions averaged across the three joints were analyzed using a cluster analysis, in order to classify the different hand grasp patterns. With low current intensity (<5 mA and 100 µs pulse width) stimulation, our results show that all of our subjects demonstrated a variety of consistent hand grasp patterns including single finger movement and coordinated multi-finger movements. This study provides initial evidence on the feasibility of a proximal nerve stimulation technique in controlling a variety of finger movements and grasp patterns. Our approach could also be developed into a rehabilitative/assistive tool that can result in flexible movements of the fingers.
Cross-reactivity of antibodies against interferon beta in multiple sclerosis patients and interference of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway
Authors: Hurtado-Guerrero Isaac , Pinto-Medel Maria Jesus , Urbaneja Patricia , Rodriguez-Bada Jose Luis , Ortega-Pinazo Jesús , Serrano Pedro , Fernández Óscar , Leyva Laura , Oliver-Martos Begoña
Published: November 2017

Interferon beta (IFNβ) therapy has immunogenic properties and induces the development of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). From the extensive literature focused in the development of NAbs in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, their ability to cross-react has been deficiently evaluated, despite having important consequences in the clinical practice. Here, the relation between the cross-reactivity and the NAbs titers has been evaluated in MS patients, by inhibition of the antiviral activity of IFNβ by bioassay and through the interference with the activation of the IFNß pathway (JAK-STAT), by phosphoflow. Thus, patients with intermediate-high titers of NAbs, determined by bioassay, had a 79-fold increased risk of cross-reactivity compared to patients with low titers. The cross-reactivity is also demonstrated because NAbs positive sera were able to decrease significantly the activation of pSTAT1 achieved by other different IFNβ molecules in the cells patients. Besides, a linear relationship between the STAT1 phosphorylation and NAbs titers was found. The study demonstrates that cross-reactivity increases with the titer of antibodies, which has important implications in clinical practice when switching the treatment. The direct relationship between the NAbs titer and the activation of STAT1 suggest that its determination could be an indirect method to identify the presence of NAbs.
Charge-state Resolved Infrared Multiple Photon Dissociation (IRMPD) Spectroscopy of Ubiquitin Ions in the Gas Phase
Authors: Yang Yijie , Liao Guanhua , Kong Xianglei
Published: November 2017

In this study, we obtained for the first time the direct infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectra of ubiquitin ions in the range 2700–3750 cm−1. Ubiquitin ions with different charge states showed absorption in the two regions of 2940–3000 cm−1 and 3280–3400 cm−1. The increase of the charge state of ubiquitin ions broadened the absorption peak on the high-frequency side in the second region, indicating some hydrogen bonds were weakened due to Coulomb interaction. It is also found that the relative intensity of the absorption peak in the first region compared to the absorption peak in the second region increased with increasing charge state, making the IRMPD spectra charge-state resolved. Although it is usually reasonable to suggest the origin of the absorption in the range 2940–3000 cm−1 as the C-H bond stretching modes, the results show significantly reduced absorption after the deuteration of all labile hydrogen atoms. A possible explanation for this is that the coupling coefficients between the C-H vibrational mode and other selective modes decreased greatly after the deuteration, reducing the rate of energy redistribution and probability of consecutive IR absorption.
All-dielectric polarization-independent optical angular filter
Authors: Qian Qinyu , Xu Changqing , Wang Chinhua
Published: November 2017

We report on an all-dielectric, polarization-independent angular filter with one-dimension (1D) photonic crystal (PC) composed of semiconductor compatible Si/SiO2 pairs. The near-symmetric directional band gap of p- and s-polarized components and Fabry-Pérot (F-P) resonances are utilized to realize efficient polarization-independent angular filtering for normal incidence. The proposed angular filter is designed and experimentally demonstrated in a large area (5 cm × 5 cm) with multilayer sputtering depositions. Experimental measurements show that a divergence angle of the polarization-independently transmitted beam through the angular filtering sample at 1550 nm is 2.2° only and the transmission is as high as 0.8 at normal incidence. The proposed and demonstrated angular filter suggests an effective way to design and implement semiconductor compatible, all-dielectric and polarization-independent angular filters in a fashion of simple structure and easy-fabrication, which is expected to have great applications in lighting, beam manipulation, optical coupling and optical communications.
Single shot laser writing with sub-nanosecond and nanosecond bursts of femtosecond pulses
Authors: Okhrimchuk Andrey , Fedotov Sergey , Glebov Ivan , Sigaev Vladimir , Kazansky Peter
Published: November 2017

A method is proposed for efficient laser modification of fused silica and sapphire by means of a burst of femtosecond pulses having time separation in the range 10–3000 ps. Modification enhancement with the pulse separation increase in the burst was observed on the tens picoseconds scale. It is proposed that accumulated transient tensile strain in the excitation region plays a crucial role in modification by a sub-nanosecond burst.
Metabolomics profiling reveals different patterns in an animal model of asphyxial and dysrhythmic cardiac arrest
Authors: Varvarousis Dimitrios , Xanthos Theodoros , Ferino Giulio , Noto Antonio , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Mura Massimo , Scano Paola , Chalkias Athanasios , Papalois Apostolos , De-Giorgio Fabio , Baldi Alfonso , Mura Paolo , Staikou Chryssoula , Stocchero Matteo , Finco Gabriele , d’Aloja Ernesto , Locci Emanuela
Published: November 2017

Cardiac arrest (CA) is not a uniform condition and its pathophysiology strongly depends on its cause. In this work we have used a metabolomics approach to study the dynamic metabolic changes occurring in the plasma samples of a swine model following two different causes of CA, namely asphyxia (ACA) and ventricular fibrillation (VFCA). Plasma samples were collected at baseline and every minute during the experimental phases. In order to identify the metabolomics profiles characterizing the two pathological entities, all samples were analysed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and LC-MS/MS spectrometry.The metabolomics fingerprints of ACA and VFCA significantly differed during the peri-arrest period and the resuscitation phase. Major alterations were observed in plasma concentrations of metabolites related to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, urea cycle, and anaplerotic replenishing of TCA. ACA animals showed significant metabolic disturbances during the asphyxial and CA phases, while for VFCA animals this phenomenon resulted shifted at the resuscitation phase. Interestingly, starting from the asphyxial phase, the ACA animals were stratified in two groups based on their metabolomics profiles that resulted to be correlated with the clinical outcome. Succinate overproduction was observed in the animals with the worse outcome, suggesting a potential prognostic role for this metabolite.
Random Combinatorial Gradient Metasurface for Broadband, Wide-Angle and Polarization-Independent Diffusion Scattering
Authors: Zhuang Yaqiang , Wang Guangming , Liang Jiangang , Cai Tong , Tang Xiao-Lan , Guo Tongfeng , Zhang Qingfeng
Published: November 2017

This paper proposes an easy, efficient strategy for designing broadband, wide-angle and polarization-independent diffusion metasurface for radar cross section (RCS) reduction. A dual-resonance unit cell, composed of a cross wire and cross loop (CWCL), is employed to enhance the phase bandwidth covering the 2π range. Both oblique-gradient and horizontal-gradient phase supercells are designed for illustration. The numerical results agree well with the theoretical ones. To significantly reduce backward scattering, the random combinatorial gradient metasurface (RCGM) is subsequently constructed by collecting eight supercells with randomly distributed gradient directions. The proposed metasurface features an enhanced specular RCS reduction performance and less design complexity compared to other candidates. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed RCGM can significantly suppress RCS and exhibits broadband, wide-angle and polarization independence features.
A detection and confirmation strategy for screening of veterinary drugs in honey by liquid chromatography coupled quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Zhibin , Li Yan , Chang Qiaoying , Kang Jian , Pang Guo-Fang
Published: November 2017

A strategy for the quantification and confirmation of 40 multi-class veterinary drugs in honey by QuEChERS combined with liquid chromatography coupled quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry is described.
N, S-containing MOF-derived dual-doped mesoporous carbon as a highly effective oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst
Authors: Tan Ai-Dong , Wan Kai , Wang Yi-Fang , Fu Zhi-Yong , Liang Zhen-Xing
Published: November 2017

Uniform N, S-codoping in carbon can be achieved in one step when a N, S-containing MOF (SCUT-12), which features “atom-level control over composition”, is used as the precursor.
Identification and the molecular mechanism of a novel myosin-derived ACE inhibitory peptide
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Wu Sijia , Zhao Wenzhu , Ding Long , Shiuan David , Chen Feng , Li Jianrong , Liu Jingbo
Published: November 2017

The objective of this work was to identify a novel ACE inhibitory peptide from myosin using a number of in silico methods.
An effective approach to alleviating the thermal effect in microstripe array-LEDs via the piezo-phototronic effect
Authors: Du Chunhua , Jing Liang , Jiang Chunyan , Liu Ting , Pu Xiong , Sun Jiangman , Li Dabing , Hu Weiguo
Published: November 2017

Thermal failure in high-power LEDs is effectively alleviated via the piezo-phototronic effect.
Soft X-ray activated NaYF4:Gd/Tb scintillating nanorods for in vivo dual-modal X-ray/X-ray-induced optical bioimaging
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Xue Zhenluan , Jiang Mingyang , Li Youbin , Zeng Songjun , Liu Hongrong
Published: November 2017

Soft X-ray-activated NaYF4:Gd/Tb nanoprobes with efficient green radioluminescence and good biocompatibility were developed for simultaneous X-ray imaging and X-ray-induced optical bioimaging.
Ultrafast interfacial energy transfer and interlayer excitons in the monolayer WS2/CsPbBr3 quantum dot heterostructure
Authors: Li Han , Zheng Xin , Liu Yu , Zhang Zhepeng , Jiang Tian
Published: November 2017

The idea of fabricating artificial solids with band structures tailored to particular applications has long fascinated condensed matter physicists.
Size controllable DNA nanogels from the self-assembly of DNA nanostructures through multivalent host–guest interactions
Authors: Thelu Hari Veera Prasad , Albert Shine K. , Golla Murali , Krishnan Nithiyanandan , Ram Divya , Srinivasula S. Murty , Varghese Reji
Published: November 2017

Design of cell permeable DNA nanogels using multivalent host–guest interactions is reported.
Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of defect-containing PbSe–PbTe heterojunction nanostructures
Authors: Li Ying , Bi Han , Du Yong , Che Renchao
Published: November 2017

Defect-containing and defect-free PbSe–PbTe heterogeneous (HNSs) nanostructures are synthesized. The strain distribution and defects in the interface of PbSe–PbTe HNSs affect the thermoelectric parameters of PbSe–PbTe HNSs.
Cell viability and hydration assay based on metamaterial-enhanced terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Yu , Tang Mingjie , Xia Liangping , Yu Wenjing , Peng Jia , Zhang Yang , Lamy de la Chapelle Marc , Yang Ke , Cui Hong-Liang , Fu Weiling
Published: November 2017

We analyze cell viability and hydration state of tumor cells in a label-free manner based on metamaterial-enhanced terahertz spectroscopy.
Formation of intrinsic and silicon defects in MoO3 under varied oxygen partial pressure and temperature conditions: an ab initio DFT investigation
Authors: Lambert D. S. , Murphy S. T. , Lennon A. , Burr P. A.
Published: November 2017

DFT simulations predict how varied MoO3 preparation conditions could change intrinsic defect concentrations and avoid silicon contamination in photovoltaic applications.
Covalently anchored tertiary amine functionalized ionic liquid on silica coated nano-Fe3O4 as a novel, efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for the unsymmetrical Hantzsch reaction and Knoevenagel condensation
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Ma Xiao-Ming , Wei Huai-Xin , Zhao Xin , Luo Jun
Published: November 2017

A novel MNP-supported basic IL catalyst was prepared and used as a magnetically recoverable catalyst for Hantzsch and Knoevenagel condensation.
Synthesis of all-inorganic CsPb2Br5 perovskite and determination of its luminescence mechanism
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Huijie , Wang Song , Long Debing , Li Mingkai , Guo Yizhong , Zhong Zhicheng , Wu Kaifeng , Wang Duofa , Zhang Tianjin
Published: November 2017

The band-edge emission of CsPb2Br5 was located at 385 nm, not in the visible range as reported in the literature.
Oxygenated graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesized using laser ablation for long-term real-time tracking and imaging
Authors: Narasimhan Ashwin Kumar , Lakshmi B Swathi , Santra Tuhin Subhra , Rao M. S. Ramachandra , Krishnamurthi Ganapathy
Published: November 2017

Synthesis of graphene quantom dots for single live cell imaging andin vivofluorescence imaging.
Construction of C60-decorated SWCNTs (C60-CNTs)/bismuth-based oxide ternary heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Lin Xue , Xi Yang , Zhao Rui , Shi Junyou , Yan Ning
Published: November 2017

Ternary heterostructured C60-CNTs/Bi2MoO6 and C60-CNTs/BiVO4 photocatalysts were successfully synthesized. They exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity.
“Turn-on” fluorescence sensing of cytosine: development of a chemosensor for quantification of cytosine in human cancer cells
Authors: Sarkar Himadri Sekhar , Das Sujoy , Mandal Debasish , Uddin Md Raihan , Mandal Sukhendu , Sahoo Prithidipa
Published: November 2017

Pyrene appended 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid derivative (PIA) has been developed and characterized for selective detection and quantification of cytosine in different human cancer cells.
Microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of graphene-analogue hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets and their application for the ultrafast and selective adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions
Authors: Mahdizadeh Aliyar , Farhadi Saeed , Zabardasti Abedin
Published: November 2017

Graphene-analogue hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets are successfully synthesizedviaa facile and fast microwave-assisted method in 10 min and used as a novel adsorbent for the ultrafast removal of cationic organic dyes in aqueous solution.
Dual valence Eu-doped phospho-alumino-silicate glass-ceramics containing Ba3AlO3PO4nanocrystals for W-LEDs
Authors: Li Xiaoman , Xu Dengke , Liu XueYun , Guo Hai
Published: November 2017

Novel Eu-doped Ba3AlO3PO4glass-ceramics were fabricated. Perfect white light emission (λex= 325 nm) and improved anti-thermal quenching property were obtained. Results indicate Ba3AlO3PO4:Eu glass-ceramics may have potential applications in W-LEDs.
Cost-effective17O enrichment and NMR spectroscopy of mixed-metal terephthalate metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Bignami Giulia P. M. , Davis Zachary H. , Dawson Daniel M. , Morris Samuel A. , Russell Samantha E. , McKay David , Parke Richard E. , Iuga Dinu , Morris Russell E. , Ashbrook Sharon E.
Published: November 2017

Cost-effective17O enrichment of metal–organic frameworks enables the composition and disorder in mixed-metal materials to be determined using NMR spectroscopy.
Cholesteric ordering predicted using a coarse-grained polymeric model with helical interactions
Authors: Wu Liang , Sun Huai
Published: November 2017

This work is devoted to the understanding of cholesteric ordering and macroscopic behaviour at the molecular level by introducing a coarse-grained molecular model.
Carbon coated bimetallic sulfide nanodots/carbon nanorod heterostructure enabling long-life lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Gao Xuejie , Wang Jiwei , Zhang Duo , Adair Keegan , Feng Kun , Sun Na , Zheng Hechuang , Shao Huiyun , Zhong Jun , Ma Yanyun , Sun Xueliang (Andy) , Sun Xuhui
Published: November 2017

C@FeNi–S NDs/CNR exhibits 484.7 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at a high rate of 4C.
Surface texturing and dielectric property tuning toward boosting of triboelectric nanogenerator performance
Authors: Fang Zhenggang , Chan Kwok Hoe , Lu Xin , Tan Chuan Fu , Ho Ghim Wei
Published: November 2017

Triboelectric nanogenerators with enhanced output performance by surface texturing and dielectric constant control.
Pd-nanodot decorated MoS2 nanosheets as a highly efficient photocatalyst for the visible-light-induced Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction
Authors: Shin Hyeon Ho , Kang Eunmi , Park Haeli , Han Taejun , Lee Chul-Ho , Lim Dong-Kwon
Published: November 2017

The incorporation of MoS2 nanosheets with Pd nanodots is a promising way for promoting the visible-light-induced C–C coupling reaction.
Kinetics enhancement of lithium–sulfur batteries by interlinked hollow MoO2 sphere/nitrogen-doped graphene composite
Authors: Wu Xian , Du Ying , Wang Pengxiang , Fan Lishuang , Cheng Junhan , Wang Maoxu , Qiu Yue , Guan Bin , Wu Hexian , Zhang Naiqing , Sun Kening
Published: November 2017

This communication reports an interlinked MoO2 and N-rGO composite as sulfur host for high-performance lithium sulfur battery.
Integrated perovskite solar capacitors with high energy conversion efficiency and fast photo-charging rate
Authors: Liang Jia , Zhu Guoyin , Lu Zhipeng , Zhao Peiyang , Wang Caixing , Ma Yue , Xu Zhaoran , Wang Yanrong , Hu Yi , Ma Lianbo , Chen Tao , Tie Zuoxiu , Liu Jie , Jin Zhong
Published: November 2017

An integrated perovskite solar capacitor combining a perovskite solar cell and a supercapacitor is developed.
The Li-storage capacity of SiOC glasses with and without mixed silicon oxycarbide bonds
Authors: Graczyk-Zajac Magdalena , Vrankovic Dragoljub , Waleska Philipp , Hess Christian , Sasikumar Pradeep Vallachira , Lauterbach Stefan , Kleebe Hans-Joachim , Sorarù Gian Domenico
Published: November 2017

Mixed bonds in SiOCs lead to a more disordered/defect-free carbon phase with high capacity for reversible storage of Li ions.
Transition-metal-based layered double hydroxides tailored for energy conversion and storage
Authors: Patel Rajkumar , Park Jung Tae , Patel Madhumita , Dash Jatis Kumar , Gowd E. Bhoje , Karpoormath Rajshekhar , Mishra Amaresh , Kwak Jeonghun , Kim Jong Hak
Published: November 2017

Transition metal based layered double hydroxides are important energy storage materials. The overall performances of the electrodes are dependent on conductivity, crystallinity, morphology, and surface area.
Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO2 assisted by organic semiconductors: a structure optimization strategy of conjugated polymers
Authors: Xiang Yonggang , Wang Xuepeng , Zhang Xiaohu , Hou Huijie , Dai Ke , Huang Qiaoyun , Chen Hao
Published: November 2017

Fabrication of highly efficient visible-light-driven heterojunction B-BT-1,4-E/TiO2 with superior redox ability for H2 evolution and CIP degradation.
Synthesis of conductive microcapsules for fabricating restorable circuits
Authors: Lan Yun-Ju , Chang Shinn-Jen , Li Chia-Chen
Published: November 2017

Microcapsules with excellent electrical and mechanical properties are capable of directly mixing with conductive ink for application in restorable circuits.
Smart multifunctional polyurethane microcapsules for the quick release of anticancer drugs in BGC 823 and HeLa tumor cells
Authors: Niu Yuqing , Stadler Florian J. , He Tao , Zhang Xingcai , Yu Yingjie , Chen Shiguo
Published: November 2017

Smart fluorescent polyurethane microcapsules with high tumor cell internalization, triggered release were developed for precision real-time monitoring cancer therapy.
NIR-I-to-NIR-II fluorescent nanomaterials for biomedical imaging and cancer therapy
Authors: Zhao Jingya , Zhong Dian , Zhou Shaobing
Published: November 2017

This review discusses the recent development of nanomaterials with NIR-I-to-NIR-II fluorescence and their applications in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy.
Ultra-broadband and highly responsive photodetectors based on a novel EuBiTe3flake material at room temperature
Authors: Niu Yingying , Wang Biao , Chen Jiapeng , Wu Dong
Published: November 2017

We report a broadband photodetector based on the novel material EuBiTe3.
An optoelectronic duple bistable phosphate with ultrahigh thermal stability
Authors: Shen Yaoguo , Zhao Sangen , Wang Chenxi , Wang Zujian , Feng Jianghe , Hong Maochun , Luo Junhua
Published: November 2017

A new inorganic CsCdPO4 shows quadratic nonlinear optical and dielectric duple bistability, resulting from a high-temperature order–disorder structural phase transition.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence dendrimers with exciplex-forming dendrons for low-voltage-driving and power-efficient solution-processed OLEDs
Authors: Sun Kaiyong , Sun Yibai , Tian Wenwen , Liu Dan , Feng Yingli , Sun Yueming , Jiang Wei
Published: November 2017

To realize power efficient nondoped solution-processed OLEDs, a novel strategy of constructing a TADF dendrimer with the characteristic of exciplex-forming dendrons has been presented.