bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROCESSOS DE INCLUSÃO DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Lacerda Junior José Cavalcante , Campos Mirian Freire de Oliveira
Published: August 2024

O processo de inclusão na Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio (EPTNM) deve se constituir considerando o princípio constitucional: a educação é um direito de todos. Logo, o presente artigo tem por finalidade verificar os mecanismos que podem favorecer o processo de inclusão das pessoas com deficiência (PCD) na Educação Profissional, a partir das narrativas de estudantes matriculados em um curso técnico integrado de nível médio do Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM). Para tanto, utilizou-se como estratégia metodológica uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como técnica a aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado para 54 estudantes do Instituto Federal no Estado do Amazonas. Para a organização e análise dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. Como resultados, identificaram-se três mecanismos de potencialização dos processos de inclusão: 1) Realização de práticas educativas; 2) uso de tecnologias educacionais; 3) formação docente. Destaca-se, por fim, a necessidade de aprofundar a discussão acerca da educação inclusiva com os estudantes dos cursos técnicos e a importância de evidenciar as narrativas como um constructo teórico-metodológico para potencializar os processos de inclusão escolar no ensino médio técnico.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL EM TRANSVERSALIDADE ÀS MODALIDADES DE ENSINO NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Haas Clarissa , Jesus Denise Meyrelles de
Published: August 2024

Entrevista que integra Dossiê organizado por Clarissa Haas e Rosimar Serena Siqueira Esquinsani.
Моделирование ударного воздействия ультразвукового бура в составе роботизированной платформы для исследования грунта на небесных телах
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Nekrasov S.G. , Perminov S.V. ,   Medpribor, JSC, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Gusev E.V. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Kodkin V.L. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Telegin A.I. ,   South Ural State University, Miass, Russia
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the theoretical issues of developing an ultrasonic drill for drilling soil on celestial bodies as part of a robotic platform and formulates the tasks of its control. The specifics of using the drill require a wide temperature range during operation, low energy consumption, an efficient operating cycle and the requirement to ensure the preservation of the structure and composition of the soil when exposed to the tool. One of the promising areas of development is devices with vibration decoupling from the ground by ultrasound due to the transformation of ultrasonic vibrations into repeated impacts of sound frequency using a specially introduced “free” body between the ultrasonic and impact parts of the drill (bit). This allows continuous drilling regardless of the condition of the impact bit, including jamming. The purpose of the work is to select the most effective drill design and compile a mathematical model that provides simulation modeling. Materials and methods. Technical solutions of both domestic and foreign authors were considered, and a prototype was selected. Theoretical works were analyzed and it was found that the materials presented in them do not contain detailed mathematical models necessary for simulation modeling at the stage of design and optimization of the structure. In the theoretical part of the article, mathematical models are proposed, obtained on the basis of equivalent parameters found from a distributed description of the drill design elements. Methods of mathematical physics, classical mechanics and similarity theory were used. The results are that two alternative mathematical models are developed. One of the models has a continuous description with a significantly nonlinear rigidity of the “wall” upon impact, while the impact motion is considered as a type of self-oscillation. The second model is based on the theory of impact. Conclusion. A parametric study was carried out and the dependences of the oscillation frequency of a free body on the size of the impact gap, body mass and amplitude of oscillations of the concentrator, etc. were obtained. The considered models can be used for simulation modeling when developing a drill design. The tasks of controlling a robotic drilling platform are formulated from the position of ensuring the operability of the drill when drilling various soils.
Modelling political processes in a multicriterial setting
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Gelrud Ya.D. , Shestakova L.I. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Gusev E.V. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Kodkin V.L. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Shiriaev V.I. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Published: August 2024

A political process is a complex management system that includes, for instance, economics, electoral processes, and ecology. To make decisions when managing such a system, it is necessary to use some rules that allow to intentionally choose the best or an acceptable option. Such rules are called performance criteria. This paper discusses problems that affect different aspects of the management systems of political processes, and when choosing a solution, it is necessary to evaluate options using several criteria. These are called multicriteria problems. They emerge in strategic planning of a system, its forecasting and development. The goal of the study is to consider methods and tools of solving multicriteria problems ari-sing while managing political processes. We discuss mathematical methods that help discard solutions, which are, in all respects, worse than others, and choose a compromise option from the remaining ones. Methods. We analyzed various methods of choosing a compromise solution, their advantages and disadvantages, and identified their areas of use. First, we consider various options for condensing the criteria and illustrate their positive and negative sides. Then, we describe the procedure for constructing a set of Pareto optimal solutions. Another method is the method of successive concessions, which is a procedure for choosing a solution in a dialogue (interactive) setting. Finally, we describe a decision-making procedure based on the analytic hierarchy process. Results. The paper shows the effectiveness of applying mathematical methods to solve multicriteria problems in managing political processes. The paper concludes with an example of a solution of a management problem in accordance with all the requirements we consider. Conclusion. The use of mathematical modeling and methods to solve multi-criteria management problems helps politicians make efficient decisions in their work and provides them with communication tools by using professional mathematical language.
Correction and Addendum - DNA analysis of ancient skeletal remains
Authors: Eliášová I. , Mazura I. , Smejtek L.
Published: August 2024

Correction of “Eliášová I, Mazura I, Smejtek L.: DNA analysis of ancient skeletal remains, Folia Biol (Praha), 2010; 56(2): 47-50”.

Acknowledgement

The authors thank Dr. Daniel Vaněk for his generous support, advice, providing the necessary equipment and chemicals for the study and apologize for omitting to acknowledge adequately this important contribution.
Optimization of mechanical characteristics of cement mortar incorporating hybrid nano-sustainable powders
Authors: Zghair Hussein H.
Published: August 2024

This research examines the impact of using hybrid nano-sustainable materials such as nano-silica and nano-slag, at three designated contents (2, 4, and 6%) by the cement weight. Mechanical and physical characteristics were studied at 7 and 28 ages. Overall, the experimental results showed the positive impacts of used hybrid nano-sustainable additives on fresh and hardened properties of modified cement mortar. The compressive strength of mortar containing nano-slag with 2, 4, and 6% enhanced as 11, 33, and 32% at 28 days, respectively, and correspondingly, direct tensile strength enhanced as 16, 39, and 30% at 28 days, respectively. Furthermore, the compressive strength of cement mortar containing 2, 4, and 6% of nano-silica improved by 20, 44, and 59% at 28 days, respectively. Besides direct tensile strength improved by 19, 37, and 46% at 28 days, respectively, as compared with reference cement mortar. The 4% nano-slag and the 6% nano-silica showed the optimum results of improvements of the compressive strength and direct tensile strength as 33 and 39% and 59 and 46% at 28 days, respectively. Hence, the optimization results of selected cement mortar comprising hybrid nano-sustainable materials as 6 wt% nano-silica and 4 wt% nano-slag produce a greater enhancement of mortar strength. Compressive and direct tensile strength improved by 73 and 53% at 28 days, respectively.
Growth pattern, growth deceleration, and relevant predictors in girls treated with GnRHa: a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Ouyang Lixue , Lu You , Lin Liangkang , Yang Fan
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to analyze the height growth pattern and the incidence of significant growth deceleration in girls with CPP and EFP on GnRHa treatment, and thereby identify relevant predictors of growth deceleration.

Methods

The data of 99 girls diagnosed with CPP and 47 girls with EFP were included in this retrospective analysis. The incidence of growth deceleration was calculated in both the first and second years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors indicative of growth deceleration.

Results

Growth velocity (GV) trajectories showed gradual decreases to the nadir at 18 months of treatment, and then they recovered till the 24th month of treatment, especially in girls with CPP. Nevertheless, the recovery was significantly greater in the CPP group than EFP. In the first year, no significant difference in the incidence of growth deceleration was found between the CPP group and the EFP group [17.35 vs. 25.53 %, p=0.249]; in the second year, the CPP group had a lower incidence than the EFP group [42.86 vs. 76.92 %, p=0.027]. The multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that bone age (BA) was an independent predictor of growth deceleration (OR=2.264, 95 % CI: 1.268–4.042, p=0.006). The result of ROC curves showed the cut-off value of BA was 11.05 years.

Conclusions

GV varies at different periods during GnRHa treatment. GnRHa should be used with more caution for EFP treatment than for CPP. BA can be used to predict the occurrence of growth deceleration during GnRHa treatment.
The potential of phosphorus-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria in agriculture: Present and future perspectives
Authors: Khuong Nguyen Quoc , Dat Le Tien , Xuan Ly Ngoc Thanh , Quang Le Thanh , Nghia Nguyen Khoi
Published: August 2024

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential macronutrients for crops. It is present in soil in two forms: soluble and insoluble. However, plants cannot absorb the insoluble forms, including Al-P, Fe-P, and Ca-P; thus, the phosphorus use efficiency is reduced. Therefore, the biological approaches should focus more on sustainable agriculture to overcome this constraint. This article cites publications relating to the biological P solubilizer group of bacteria, which have a highly potential adaptation to many conditions in soils. Among the biological approaches, purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) are a potent group of bacteria according to their adaptability in acidic, saline, and toxic conditions based on their mechanisms in producing exopolymeric substances and siderophores under such adverse environments like acid-sulfate and saline soils. PNSB can solubilize P in soil to have more P availability for soil microbes and plants. This particular group of bacteria has been widely applied in liquid and solid forms from agricultural waste to promote plant growth under submerged conditions. Moreover, this article summarized the P-solubilizing mechanisms of P-solubilizing bacteria and introduced future research perspectives on patterns of PNSB in aspects of nutrient-providing potency, plant growth-promoting capability, and biological control capacity. However, the specific mechanisms of P solubilization by PNSB have not been well documented since the P-solubilizing mechanisms have been investigated on general P-solubilizing bacteria. Thus, specific pathways and metabolites relating to the P-solubilizing PNSB should be investigated, and attention should be addressed to them soon.
Organometallic complexes and reaction methods for synthesis: a review
Authors: Aziz Kwestan Namiq , Mahmood Ahmed Karzan , Omer Rebaz Anwar , Qader Aryan Fathulla , Abdulkareem Eman Ibraheem
Published: August 2024

Organometallics are chemical compounds that consist of carbon-metal linkages. They have emerged as a result of the combination of organic and inorganic chemistry and exhibit a stable metal-carbon bond in solution. These compounds possess properties that lie between those of ionic and covalent bonds, making them highly significant in various industries. The fact that organometallics are present in all living organisms further emphasises their importance. In this overview, we will explore general reactions, such as substitution and insertion reactions, as well as different techniques for creating organometallic complexes. Additionally, we will provide a brief synthesis review of various types of organometallic complexes, including carbonyls, hydrides, alkyls, carbenes, and carbines. Organometallic compounds find extensive applications in stoichiometric chemical processes in both research and industry. Moreover, they serve as catalysts to enhance these reactions, making them more than just theoretical compounds. For example, organotin compounds are widely used as fire retardants, polymers, medications, insecticides, and stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride.
„A múlt visszhangja most is suttog ott…”
Authors: Rétfalvi P. Zsófia
Published: August 2024

A tanulmány célja Petőfi Sándor és Madách Imre azonos, Tündérálom című költeményének és drámatöredékének vizsgálata. A két szerző együttes tárgyalásának apropóját általában a közös születési évforduló adja. A tanulmány egyrészt amellett foglal állást, hogy a poétikai hatások figyelembevételével jelentősebb párhuzamok válnak láthatóvá, melynek révén Madách alkotói módszerére is rálátást nyerhetünk. Másrészt Madách utolsó, töredékben maradt művének és értekezéseinek (Eszmék Léliáról; Az aesthetika és társadalom viszonyos befolyása) vizsgálatával kirajzolódnak a torzóban maradt – Az ember tragédiáját követő – költészeti koncepciójának kezdeményei is.
A norvég irodalom szerepe az Élet című lap modernizálási programjában
Authors: Asztalos Veronka Örsike
Published: August 2024

Az Élet: irodalmi, művészeti, társadalmi és közgazdasági folyóirat (1891–1895) nem tartozik a legismertebb 19. századi sajtótermékek közé, noha programjában határozottan a magyar kultúra és társadalom fejlődését, megreformálását tűzte ki célul. A hasábjain megjelent változatos írásokon keresztül megismerhetjük a hazai irodalmi modernségnek azt a sajátos oldalát, amelynek lényege a nemzeti vonások megőrzésének és a külföldi minták hasznosításának ötvözéséből állt. Jelen tanulmány az Élet általános bemutatásán, a róla kialakult véleményeken és saját önmeghatározásain keresztül elemzi ezt a szerepet, különösen figyelve arra, hogy a norvég irodalomnak – leginkább pedig Henrik Ibsennek – milyen hatása volt a szerkesztők munkájára, modern irodalomról kialakított elképzelésére.
Apresentação
Authors: Martins Debora Pinto
Published: August 2024

Apresentação do Volume 05, Número 03 da Revista Geographia Meridionalis.
Relendo a relação entre conhecimento enciclopédico e leitura
Authors: Fontana Niura Maria , Rossetti Morgana
Published: August 2024

O conhecimento do mundo (enciclopédico) é reconhecidamente um dos fatores que interagem no processo da produção de sentidos de textos. Este artigo1 busca, apoiado em pressupostos cognitivos e sociointeracionais, e com base em dados de pesquisa, compreender melhor a natureza do conhecimento do mundo que o leitor possui arquivado na memória e de sua relação com leitura. Resultando da inter-relação de processos cognitivos e interacionais, o processo da leitura apóia-se em grande parte no conhecimento do mundo do leitor. Um fator que pode facilitar a leitura é a disponibilidade, na estrutura cognitiva de quem lê, de idéias de apoio relevantes, estáveis, claras e suficientemente genéricas, permitindo, no entanto, a discriminação de conceitos. Ao final do artigo são feitas ponderações a respeito da prática da atividade de leitura em sala de aula, de acordo com a perspectiva teórica adotada.
La oralidad en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje del español como lengua extranjera: algunas reflexiones
Authors: Fernández Gretel Eres , Maciel Alexandra Sin
Published: August 2024

Neste estudo nos centraremos em alguns fatores que favorecem ou interferem no desenvolvimento da expressão oral espontânea dos estudantes brasileiros de espanhol. Para isto, partimos de um breve panorama histórico sobre alguns dos métodos mais consagrados para o ensino e aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras com o propósito de revisar o papel da língua oral em cada um deles. Com esse mesmo objetivo, na seqüência delineamos algumas considerações sobre a Competência Comunicativa e sobre o Enfoque Comunicativo de forma a poder sintetizar a importância dos estudos relacionados a Análise de Erros e Interlíngua no que se refere à expressão oral.
Vozes do discurso político: sujeitos, sons e sentidos
Authors: Piovezani Carlos
Published: August 2024

Considerando as relações entre o som e o sentido, sob uma perspectiva discursiva, neste artigo sustentamos a necessidade e a viabilidade de uma “lingüística da substância”, quando se trata de analisar a produção dos efeitos de sentido e a construção das identidades dos interlocutores em enunciações orais. Para tanto, pretendemos erigir algumas considerações sobre as transformações do discurso político contemporâneo e analisar um dos programas de José Serra, transmitido no Horário Eleitoral Gratuito das eleições presidenciais de 2002, focalizando, sobretudo, a utilização da substância fônica da expressão, ou seja, da voz na constituição de efeitos de verdade e na fabricação de um certo ethos do candidato.
Aquisição do léxico em língua estrangeira: da aplicação de práticas cooperativas e seus resultados
Authors: Monteiro Leila Maria Taveira
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de pesquisa realizada com falantes de português no aprendizado do léxico de língua inglesa como língua estrangeira. A pesquisa objetiva avaliar se práticas cooperativas facilitam a aquisição do vocabulário. Em função de sua dinâmica peculiar, tais práticas promovem a cooperação e a interação, favorecendo e estimulando a negociação do significado em ambiente emocionalmente distenso. Para o estudo, foram elaboradas cinco atividades segundo o molde cooperativo, aplicadas em uma turma de nível pós-iniciante. Os resultados foram avaliados através de pós-testes, comparados àqueles obtidos em uma turma de controle. Nesta, os alunos estudaram o mesmo conteúdo por meio de atividades que não exigiam padrões de interação ou cooperação, mas responderam aos mesmos testes para efeito comparativo. Os resultados finais mostram-se claramente favoráveis ao grupo que realizou as atividades cooperativas, sugerindo haverem exercido efeito positivo sobre a aquisição.
Resenhas
Authors: Neuschrank Aline , Do Rosário Toledo Adilson , Vinícius Liessem Fontana Marcus , Redmer Hinz Josiane , Lourenço dos Santos Rogéria
Published: August 2024

Esta seção contém resenhas de cinco livros.
Que exílio é este, “o da Língua Estrangeira”?
Authors: Cavalheiro Ana Pederzolli
Published: August 2024

O sujeito, constituído enquanto tal pelo acesso à linguagem, quando “toma a palavra” na língua estrangeira vivencia algum estranhamento. No entanto, tal experiência também lhe é, de alguma forma, familiar. Vemos que aí os opostos coexistem e se confundem: satisfações e repulsas, risos e desconcertos, estranho e familiar. Outras palavras, outros sentidos, outros sons e movimentos articulatórios diferentes favorecem ao aprendiz regredir ao “infans” e desestabilizar o sujeito de língua materna. Baseandonos em fundamentos da Análise de Discurso (AD), da Psicanálise freudo-lacaniana e da Teoria da Enunciação (Authier-Revuz), com este trabalho verificamos, no início do processo de aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira por alunos adultos, que o estranhamento ou a familiaridade para como a língua estrangeira estão condicionados por aspectos de ordem do inconsciente e da memória histórica.
Pesquisa no contexto pedagógico de Inglês – LE: reflexões a partir de uma atividade interativa
Authors: Rigueira Adriana Mesquita
Published: August 2024

Esta pesquisa, em cuja base encontram-se os princípios da Prática Exploratória, objetivou investigar como a interação em sala de aula possibilita a realização bem-sucedida de uma tarefa, podendo assim levar ao aprendizado da língua. A partir de uma questão lingüística específica, a saber, a formulação de perguntas em inglês, foi possível observar como se dá a co-construção de conhecimento por um grupo de alunos de nível préintermediário. A análise dos dados levou-nos a concluir que uma atividade interativa é capaz de despertar elementos de ordem afetivo-emocional que existem independentemente da língua-alvo e que a compreensão de tais elementos pode ser fundamental para se entender de forma mais ampla o processo de aprendizado.
Os Diários Dialogados Eletrônicos no Ensino de Língua Estrangeira: A prática da escrita conectada a um ensino comunicativo para promover interação real
Authors: Nogueira de Moraes Garcia Daniela
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo relatar uma experiência do processo ensino/aprendizagem da modalidade de língua escrita para com alunos de Língua Inglesa como língua estrangeira (EFL). Esta experiência se traduz na troca de diários dialogados via correio eletrônico, sendo tais usados não somente como um canal de comunicação, mas enquanto um ambiente complementar para o desenvolvimento de instrução e linguagem. Os diários, utilizados enquanto instrumentos de pesquisa e ensino, se delinearam na tentativa de buscar o interesse, a motivação, produção e aprendizagem mais efetivas de língua escrita rompendo com as práticas tradicionais de ensino.
A Opção da variedade de Espanhol por professores em serviço e pré-serviço
Authors: Brasil Irala Valesca
Published: August 2024

Este estudo investiga o ensino de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira (E/LE) através da visão de professores e futuros professores a respeito da variante a ser adotada para o ensino de E/LE (Qual variante é preferida para ministrar as aulas? Qual é considerada mais apropriada para a região pesquisada - interior do Rio Grandedo Sul, quase fronteira com o Uruguai? Que percepções podem ser inferidas a partir das respostas?). Os resultados mostram que muitas justificativas são construídas sem base em estudos lingüísticos, já que estão baseadas mais no senso comum do que em conceitos científicos, como seria o esperado. É possível depreender, com este estudo, que melhorias no ensino de Espanhol como língua estrangeira são necessárias, principalmente considerando alguns pontos de vista de professores em serviço.
A Leitura no livro didático: uma dicotomia entre o discurso e a prática
Authors: Izabel Simões Conceição Rute
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo analisamos a concepção de leitura que atravessa o discurso das autoras de um livro didático na Seção de Apresentação da Coleção, antes e após ser revisada pelas autoras e aprovada pelo MEC, contrapondoa com a concepção de leitura presente nas atividades propostas para realização da leitura em sala de aula. Os resultados da análise permitem concluir que há uma dicotomia entre o discurso e a prática de leitura sugerida.
A Valência verbal em três dicionários brasileiros
Authors: Andreas Welker Herbert
Published: August 2024

O conceito de valência verbal foi aplicado num dicionário brasileiro pela primeira vez em 1990. Seu organizador apresentou as bases teóricas mais detalhadamente em Borba (1996a). No presente artigo, diferencio muito sucintamente diversos tipos de valência para, em seguida, mostrar como a valência verbal é tratada no supracitado dicionário de verbos monolíngüe, num dicionário geral e num dicionário de verbos bilíngüe (ainda em elaboração). Todos os três indicam a valência – e por isso são mais úteis do que outros para aquele usuário que quer empregar os verbos – mas há diferenças. Considero que, nos dois primeiros, certas informações são desnecessárias (sobre casos semânticos e classes de verbos), ao passo que, no segundo, faltam informações importantes sobre restrições semânticas.
Resenhas
Authors: Oliveira Adelaide , Zago Antônia , Blank Cíntia Ávila , Rodrigues Cristina Zanella , Fraga Letícia , Vinhas Luciana Iost , Lawson Camila Nunes
Published: August 2024

Esta seção contém resenhas de sete livros.
O Uso da leitura em aulas de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira
Authors: Paula Carneiro Rola Ana
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho focaliza o modelo de letramento construído nas atividades de uso da leitura em aulas de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira, baseando-se na compreensão de que em toda sala de aula, professores e alunos estão construindo modelos particulares de letramento e compreensões particulares do que está envolvido na aprendizagem sobre como ser letrado. Este estudo analisa a interação em eventos de leitura de uma sala de aula da 6ª série do Ensino Fundamental e discute o que conta como ações letradas neste grupo específico. Os resultados revelam que nesta sala de aula a leitura não é vista como um evento social e os alunos estão engajados em ações letradas que não envolvem a negociação na construção do significado.
Das dúvidas da interlocução: a quem se dirige um plano político pedagógico?
Authors: Pimentel Cristina , Lúcia de A. Sant'anna Vera
Published: August 2024

Este estudo propõe-se analisar discursivamente um plano político pedagógico (PPP) do ensino fundamental de um município do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a fim de identificar sentidos atribuídos a trabalho do professor. Essa análise filia-se a pesquisas que aproximam linguagem e mundo do trabalho, em particular as voltadas para escritos do trabalho. A partir de diferentes marcas de discurso relatado, foram selecionados fragmentos do PPP, a fim de identificar vozes trazidas a compor sentidos atribuídos a trabalho do professor, tais como trechos de leis, documentos de caráter normativo, citação de autores de textos teórico-acadêmicos, e fragmentos dos relatos de escolas municipais. Os resultados apontam que esse PPP participa de um movimento discursivo de construção da centralidade da escola e do correspondente apagamento do trabalho do professor. Tal constatação nos faz supor haver uma distância entre interlocutores presumidos, o que deve impedir o uso do material como documento de trabalho.
Encoding of 2D Self-Centered Plans and World-Centered Positions in the Rat Frontal Orienting Field
Authors: Li Liujunli , Flesch Timo , Ma Ce , Li Jingjie , Chen Yizhou , Chen Hung-Tu , Erlich Jeffrey C.
Published: August 2024

The neural mechanisms of motor planning have been extensively studied in rodents. Preparatory activity in the frontal cortex predicts upcoming choice, but limitations of typical tasks have made it challenging to determine whether the spatial information is in a self-centered direction reference frame or a world-centered position reference frame. Here, we trained male rats to make delayed visually guided orienting movements to six different directions, with four different target positions for each direction, which allowed us to disentangle direction versus position tuning in neural activity. We recorded single unit activity from the rat frontal orienting field (FOF) in the secondary motor cortex, a region involved in planning orienting movements. Population analyses revealed that the FOF encodes two separate 2D maps of space. First, a 2D map of the planned and ongoing movement in a self-centered direction reference frame. Second, a 2D map of the animal’s current position on the port wall in a world-centered reference frame. Thus, preparatory activity in the FOF represents self-centered upcoming movement directions, but FOF neurons multiplex both self- and world-reference frame variables at the level of single neurons. Neural network model comparison supports the view that despite the presence of world-centered representations, the FOF receives the target information as self-centered input and generates self-centered planning signals.
Cambodia’s Perceptions of China
Authors: Watanabe Shino , Samreth Sovannroeun
Published: August 2024

Cambodia has been portrayed as the most pro-China country in Southeast Asia. We argue that such views oversimplify and overgeneralize Cambodia’s agency and its perception of China. Acknowledging the multifaceted nature of Cambodians’ perceptions of China, we examined these perceptions using data from our extensive survey in the capital city and 11 provinces. We identify several key factors influencing these perceptions, which vary significantly across regions and groups. The data indicate a multifaceted and evolving relationship between Cambodia and China. While Cambodia’s economic growth and Chinese investments have strengthened ties between the two nations, it is crucial to recognize the diversity of perceptions among Cambodians. Policymakers and stakeholders in both Cambodia and China should consider these nuances to foster mutually beneficial partnerships.
Theoretical Maturation of the “Bias Blind Spot”: A Preregistered Replication Study of Pronin, Lin, and Ross (2002) in a Brazilian Sample
Authors: Seda Leonardo , Martins Isabela Torrescasana Centrone , Lisbôa Thaís Luise Rebouças de Carvalho , Batistuzzo Marcelo Camargo , Fatori Daniel
Published: August 2024

Although people can identify judgment biases and their consequences, they tend to perceive their peers as more susceptible to such biases than themselves: a phenomenon called “bias blind spot” (BBS). This phenomenon was experimentally supported by Pronin, Lin and Ross (2002) through demonstrating an asymmetry of self-other ratings of susceptibility for biases, but not for personal shortcomings. A direct replication by Chandrashekar et al., (2021) found support for bias asymmetry, yet also found an unexpected asymmetry for personal shortcomings. We report further evidence for the theoretical maturation of the “bias blind spot” by exploring the generalizability of the original hypotheses in a pre-registered direct replication of Pronin, Lin and Ross (2002) Study 1 in a Brazilian sample. In total, 203 participants rated themselves, on average, as less susceptible to biases in comparison to other people (d = -1.72; 95%CI [-1.88, -1.45]), replicating the original findings. Participants also rated themselves as less susceptible to personal shortcomings (d = -0.33; 95%CI [-0.40, -0.12]), deviating from the original findings, yet showing the same effect described by Chandrashekar et al., (2021). Asymmetry between bias and personal shortcomings was replicated (d = -0.90; 95%CI [-0.90, -0.59]). We successfully replicated two of the three hypotheses from Pronin, Lin and Ross (2002), accounting for the replicability of the original BBS experiment. The findings from our study and the previous replication support the original predictions of the BBS phenomenon and suggest that the asymmetry for personal shortcomings follows the same direction as the asymmetry for bias, albeit with a lower effect size, possibly resulting in the difference between asymmetries. We argue that a refinement of the methods is needed to address the predictions for the asymmetry of personal shortcomings.
Relevance of Accounting Information: Audit Quality and Earnings Management as Moderating Variable
Authors: Liemmuel Stephania Eryn , Eriandani Rizky
Published: August 2024

Purposes: This study investigates whether audit quality and earnings management moderate the effect of accounting information on market prices.Methods: This study consisted of a sample of 1525 go public firms on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 – to 2020, except financial sector. Proxies of accounting information are earnings, book value, and operating cash flow. Audit quality is measured by auditor type and audit opinion. This study uses purposive sampling and testing moderated regression analysis.Results: The results indicate that accounting information - earnings; book value, and operating cash flow have a positive effect on stock market prices. Furthermore, the type of auditor and audit opinion strengthen the correlation between earnings and stock prices. However, it does not moderate the effect of book value and operating cash flow on stock prices. Furthermore, earnings management weakens the effect of earnings on stock prices. However, earnings management does not moderate the correlation of book value of equity and operating cash flows with stock prices.Novelty: This study enriched the literature on value relevance which is influenced by other factors such as audit quality and Earnings Management. It is hoped that further researchers can expand their research by examining other accounting information and other factors that can be used as a basis for investor considerations for investment decisions such as corporate governance or others
The Self-Esteem, Moral Courage, and Whistleblowing: Case of Corporate Accounting Staff in Indonesia
Authors: Mukhlasin Mukhlasin
Published: August 2024

Research purposes: This research aims to examine the relationship between self-esteem, moral courage, and internal whistleblowing intentions. The primary research framework uses prosocial theory to build logic to develop hypotheses.Methods: This research was designed as a survey method on the corporate accounting staff in Indonesia. Data collection by convenience sampling method with google Forms online. A sample of 184 respondents was tested by the maximum likelihood Structural Equation Model (SEM) with an asymptotic covariance matrix. This method was used because the multivariate data were non-normally distributed.Findings: The proven that moral courage encourages internal whistleblowing. Meanwhile, self-esteem doesn’t motivate employee intention to internal whistleblowing. Self-esteem is established as a determinant of moral courage. This evidence shows that moral courage is meditating.Novelty: Theoretically, this study contributes that self-esteem is an intrapersonal variable that can encourage employee intention of the internal whistleblower. In contrast to previous studies that examined professional accountants, internal audits, external audits, and employees, this study was conducted on corporate accounting staff.
Encuentro de las Ciencias Sociales en la Enseñanza Problémica
Authors: Cerón Rengifo Carmen Patricia , Erazo Coral María Elena
Published: August 2024

The objective of this article is to identify the academic conditions that enabled the meeting of the disciplines in the Problematic Teaching of the Bachelor's Degree in Basic Education with emphasis on Social Sciences, at the University of Nariño, between 2000 and 2015. The methodology is based on the review of University files, educational regulations and testimonies from teachers and graduates. The results show that the meetings between teachers to teach social sciences in the same space-time express the option of trying to implement interdisciplinarity together with Problematic Teaching, at a time of modification of public education policies in Colombia, in the context of academic capitalism. It is concluded that the experience of a program in a regional university allows us to approach the particularities that arise, from the dynamics on a global and national scale, in the teaching of disciplines and the multi and interdisciplinarity of the social sciences.
CREATION OF LONG-ACTING DISINFECTANT EMULSIONS BASED ON POLYACRYLAMIDE POLYMERS AND FUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES
Authors: AVERKINA A S. , SIVTSEVA A V. , VALTSIFER V A. , FEKLISTOVA I N. , VALTSIFER I V.
Published: August 2024

The principles of creating a water-organic disinfectant emulsion (WODE) are described. The emulsion can be applied to various types of surfaces and form a film with a prolonged bacteriostatic/bactericidal effect. When applied to the surface under treatment in a dropwise manner, the composition based on polyacrylamide and special additives will form a durable film, which, in turn, will promote the provision for high sanitary and anti-epidemic measures. The film formed on the surface can be removed by wetting with water and subsequent wiping, which will not lead to the disruption of the general disinfection regime. The water-organic disinfectant emulsion is a composition based on polyacrylamide, a surfactant, polyalcohol (glycerol) and zinc/copper sulphate. The factors responsible for the uniformity of WODE film formation were studied. The criteria for improving rheological and technological properties (wettability, spreadability, moisture absorption) under environmental conditions have been determined. It has been established that higher spreadability and improved strength properties of water-soluble polymer films are achieved by adding surfactants (especially nonionic ones) and a polyalcohol to the composition. By modelling the abrasion process, the mechanical parameters of water-soluble polymer biocidal films were studied. The disinfectant effect of the developed aqueous-organic film-forming composition was studied with respect to the strains of microorganisms: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It is proven that the provision of bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties is explained not only by the introduction of copper sulphate or zinc sulphate into the biocide composition, but also by the inhibitory properties of polyacrylamides of various brands themselves. It has been established that polyacrylamide, despite the presence of carbon and nitrogen in its composition, is not an accessible source of nutrition for the cells of pathogenic microorganisms.
THE EFFECT OF TREATING HEAVY OIL WITH ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL ON THE COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF RESINS
Authors: KORNEEV D S. , OSNITSKY E M. , KLIMENKO L S.
Published: August 2024

The effect of heavy oil treatment with isopropyl alcohol (IPA) for 8 h at a temperature of 25-100 °C on the composition and structure of resins is investigated. The objects of investigation were heavy oil from the Zyuzeevskoye field (the Republic of Tatarstan) and resins isolated from this oil. It is established that the resin content increases by almost 3 wt% as a result of heavy oil treatment with IPA at 100 °C. It is shown than an increase in the temperature of oil - IPA (20 wt%) mixture treatment from 25 to 100 °C causes an increase in sulphur and oxygen content in resins by 0.5 and 0.8 wt%, respectively, and a decrease in the Н/С atomic ratio from 1.40 to 1.38. The aromaticity factor of resins increases by 0.17 %, while the fraction of aliphatic carbon decreases. It is concluded that oil treatment with isopropyl alcohol, aimed at a decrease in the content of resinous and asphaltenic substances, is unreasonable because it causes unfavourable formation of the additional amount of resins.
Empowering Entrepreneurial Competencies and Mindset in Teacher Training
Authors: Trasberg Karmen
Published: August 2024

The article aims to identify the teacher students’ experiences regarding entrepreneurship education in pre-service training to empower the development of the entrepreneurial mindset of future teachers. Estonia belongs to one of the few countries in Europe where entrepreneurship education is a compulsory topic in pre-service teacher education. To frame entrepreneurial studies for future teachers, the competence model was created. Based on literature relating to entrepreneurial education and teacher’s competence model, qualitative research was conducted. Data was collected from 24 in-depth interviews with the teacher students. Inductive content analysis is used as the method of data analysis. The paper argues that addressing transferable competencies (e.g., creative thinking, teamwork and communication skills, self-management) is crucial for promoting entrepreneurial mindset and engagement of teacher students. When planning the content of entrepreneurial studies, experiential learning, authentic assignments, collaborative and reflective methods are the most potential to have an impact on meaningful learning. Teacher students evaluate these activities as motivationally challenging and essential for developing an entrepreneurial mindset. The results of the study are valuable for designing entrepreneurial studies module and integration of entrepreneurial competence as a cross-curricular theme in pre-service teacher education.
Potential and Challenges of School-Parent Collaboration in Developing Parental Health Literacy
Authors: Kravale Dace , Kestere Iveta
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to use the experience of two Latvian schools to outline the potential of school-parent collaboration in promoting parental health literacy by answering the following questions: 1) How is the concept of health literacy understood by parents, teachers, and school administration? 2) What factors limit or hinder school-parent collaboration in promoting health literacy? 3) What are the recommendations of the actors involved to improve school-parent collaboration in promoting parental health literacy? This study adopts a qualitative case study approach and explores two cases of schools in Latvia. The data are obtained from 4 focus group discussions and 2 interviews with 26 respondents, including teachers, parents, and school principals, as well as from school records. The data are processed using content analysis.
Portrait of Lithuanian Striking Teachers
Authors: Žiliukaitė Rūta , Stonkuvienė Irena
Published: August 2024

Teachers are one of the most frequent and largest groups of strikers in Lithuania. Using data from the four waves of Teachers‘ Civic Empowerment Index survey, the article aims to give individual level description of the teachers participating in the strikes in Lithuania. The results of the analysis show that teachers who participate in strikes have significantly stronger civic power in terms of civic activism and influence than teachers who do not participate in strikes. Cultural theories of political action, which emphasise the importance of pro-democratic value orientations, also are important explaining the behaviour of striking teachers.
Book history's recent methodological trend: national and intemational outlines
Authors: Hakapää Jyrki
Published: August 2024

About twenty years ago, Robert Darnton famously wrote about how books know no frontiers. Nevertheless, as the discipline of book history has established itself around the world, many comprehensive works on the research field have determined themselves according to the nation-state borders. As national needs have been recently fulfilled in many countries, international and cosmopolitan themes and studies have received a new kind of support. In a world marked by globalization, such a change in attitude seems reasonable.
Those book historians who hear the call must determine their research work anew and find new, interesting frameworks for their studies. What can they find? What possibilities do these new choices offer? The international approaches may offer new insights about the past, but do they also offer better chances to secure project funding and reach contemporary readers? Researchers in smaller countries, where local book culture has been more or less dependent on foreign contacts and influences for a long time, might question if the cosmopolitan attitude has ever truly been forgotten. A new methodological turn towards transnationalism and diversity might seem less relevant when looking for examples from the Baltic Sea region, where languages, cultural and trade networks, social systems, and even states have continuously changed. In the end, contemporary book history researchers do not only have to answer whether they want to follow new methodological suggestions but also what they want to seek when examining history.
The presentation discusses three topics related to the recent methodological trend that seeks to move beyond nation-states as the main object or framework of book history studies. First, the juxtaposition between national and international approaches is examined. Additionally, other concepts like "local," "regional," "domestic," "transnational," and "multinational" are conceptualized and compared to each other. Secondly, researchers should seek alternative defining frameworks: studies focusing on linguistic, social, or gender borders, rather than a national approach, would offer further insights. Finally, specific methodologies have been created for international history studies; comparative studies, studies on cultural transfer, and entangled histories all reveal different aspects of examined societies and individuals. They all belong to historians' working tools.
Selected issues on theory and methodology of the underground press
Authors: Roman Wanda Krystyna
Published: August 2024

The main role of the press, published at any time, is to deliver information and form public opinion. The expectations are even higher regarding the underground press. The history of Poland has numerous references to the theory and methodology of the underground press. It starts from Polish uprisings at the end of the 18th century, goes through the occupation of Polish territories during World War I, includes illegal publications printed between the two World Wars, the underground press circulated during World War II, and ends with the underground press published in the People's Republic of Poland (PRL). Because of the amount of underground press, comprising around 70% of total published press, one can try to look for generalizations regarding the role of the underground press, its place, and the aims it had on Polish soil over the last 200 years.
The underground press was always published in parallel with the official press. The latter, however, was normally under a variety of pressures from the invaders or occupying authorities. This was either through repression during the II Republic of Poland or through preventative censorship during the People's Republic of Poland. The underground press in Poland was always a fighting one. It came into existence under specific socio-political conditions and had to fulfill specific aims. The freedom of expression it offered was a counterbalance to the official newspapers.
In the whole world's press history, Polish secret and underground press, before and during the January Uprising of 1863, was a phenomenon never seen on such a scale before. Another example of such a phenomenon was the underground press published in occupied Polish territories during World War II.
The underground press played a very important role in the Polish resistance movement. It was a source of information and also influenced the formation of public opinion, strengthening the will to live and fight. The press was, in that fight, like a sword and one of the main ways of communication through which the public learned about the requirements set for them in times of war.
Every newspaper and magazine published during the occupation had very strong patriotic meaning too. They helped the public to survive with dignity by offering information, advice, warnings, and information on underground activities. As such, it should be critically verified. Questions about the underground press's authenticity and credibility should be asked.
The research of the press as a source of archived information requires the recreation of the history of a particular title and the establishment of the ways it was financed. Also important are the organizational links it had, availability of technical support, analysis of the editorial team and those who cooperated with it, the level of censorship, and the reconstruction of methods used for content selection and coverage.