bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Parenting Burden of Married Working Women after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jeong Yu-Rim , Jeong Seong-Hwa , Han Sam-Sung
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between married working women’s burden of raising children in the COVID-19 situation. Methods: A total of 709 married working women were selected from the 8th Female Family Panel Longitudinal Survey (KLoWF) database. Parenting burden, COVID-19 characteristics, and working environment characteristics were calculated based on responses from KLoWF. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate crude and coordinated associations using PASW 18.0. Results: There was an independently positive association between excessive working hours (b = 0.18, p < 0.001), irregular working hours (b = 0.13, p = 0.022), temporal oppression on workload (b = 0.19, p < 0.001), changes in domestic labor after COVID-19 (b = 0.10, p = 0.022) and association between parenting burden in women workers after the COVID-19 pandemic adjusting for socio-demographics. And negative association between changes in marital relationship after COVID-19 (b = -0.21, p = 0.044) and between parenting burden in women workers after adjusting for socio-demographics. Conclusions: This study suggests that it is an important factor in the parenting burden of married female workers after COVID-19. The findings will help policymakers design measures to reduce the parenting burden of married female workers in the event of an infectious disease.
A Study on the Hospitalization of Inpatients in Daegu Metropolitan City to Medical Institutions in the Seoul Metropolitan Area During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Park Jong Ho , Kim Ji Hye
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study analyzed the characteristics and factors of medical use in the metropolitan area of hospitalized patients living in Daegu Metropolitan City in unmet medical conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The results of frequency analysis, cross-analysis, and logistic regression analysis using in-depth discharge damage survey data from January 20, 2020 to December 31, 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic are as follows. Results: Excluding gender, age, residential area, hospitalization route, main diagnosis, presence of surgery, and severity had a statistically significant effect on medical use in the metropolitan area. In particular, patients aged 19-44 had a high impact on medical use in the metropolitan area, and in the residential area, medical use in the metropolitan area was high in all autonomous districts based on the West. In addition, the use of medical care in the metropolitan area was high in the order of factors affecting neurological diseases, neoplasms, health conditions, and contact with health services based on main diagnosis and others. Conclusions: Through this study, it is expected to be used as basic data for improving health medical services system in Daegu Metropolitan City.
An Integrative Review of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Intervention for Police Officers and Firefighters: Focusing on Studies from 2006 to 2023
Authors: Oh Hye-Kyung , Ko Mi-Suk , Lim Jun-Seo
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the current state of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) interventions for police officers and firefighter and their effectiveness by using an integrative review. There has been a significant increase in mental health issues among police and firefighters due to exposure to traumatic life events, and an integrative review of the research evidence underpinning these programs is timely. Methods: Previous intervention studies were identified through PubMed, Web of science, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, DBpia, RISS, and KISS database. Eligible studies included articles published between 2006 and 2023 in English and Korean. We excluded articles that did not include police and firefighters and did not focus on PTSD interventions. We also excluded simple systematic reviews, protocols, and editorials. Results: A total of 26 studies were selected for this an integrative review. The intervention elements of extracted 26 studies were categorized into 3 themes. The intervention elements were divided into the themes of psychosocial centered interventions to reduce PTSD symptoms, target population-oriented specific PTSD interventions, and applying individual, group and integrated interventions. Conclusions: The results show that several PTSD interventions can be effective methods to improve PTSD symptoms of police officers and firefighters suffered from PTSD. The findings emphasize the importance of implementing programs to provide coping strategies and regulate physical, emotional, and mental reactions to address crisis situations faced by police officers and firefighters. Therefore, those findings will serve as a foundation for the development of PTSD intervention for police officers and firefighters in South Korea.
Media Pop Up 3 Dimensi untuk Meningkatkan Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami
Authors: Ardhyantama Vit , Fadlilah Hana , SUHARTO ZANUAR , Firdaus Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesiapsiagaan siswa SD Al Muhajirin menghadapi bencana melalui kegiatan edukasi dan simulasi menggunakan media pop up 3 dimensi pada anak. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pemberian angket/kuesioner, observasi, dan wawancara. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa setelah penggunaan media pop up 3 dimensi sebagai media mitigasi bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami, secara umum sebagian besar siswa sudah memahami simulasi dan demonstrasi mitigasi bencana yang dilaksanakan, dibuktikan dengan hasil wawancara yang menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman siswa, sebanyak 75% memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami serta penyebabnya. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilaksanakan 17 siswa teramati aktif berpartisipasi dalam simulasi kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami, 5 siswa berpartisipasi sedang, serta 2 siswa pasif. Dengan digunakannya media pop up 3 dimensi, siswa lebih memahami mitigasi bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami.
Kata Kunci : Bencana, Gempa Bumi, Mitigasi, Pop up 3 Dimensi, Tsunami.
Predicting Oil Production After Enhancement Techniques Using Multidimensional Feature Representation Learning: A Case Study of Profile Control Technique
Authors: Yang Lu , Zhang Kai , Zhang Huaqing , Zhang Liming , Yao Jun , Wang Yang , Yang Yongfei , Wang Jian
Published: June 2024

The prediction of oil production following enhancement techniques has garnered widespread attention, leading scientists to explore this area using machine learning. However, field data collection constraints and single model accuracy limitations mean few models can precisely predict daily oil production after technique implementation. Building upon previous research, this paper introduces a model that predicts oil production after enhancement operations, utilizing multidimensional feature representation learning. It thoroughly examines three characteristic categories affecting the effectiveness of oil production enhancement techniques: geological static parameters, production dynamic parameters, and enhancement technique process parameters. The model comprehensively explores these features with an emphasis on global spatial, local spatial, and temporal information. A complete machine learning prediction process is established, which includes data preprocessing, model training, cross-validation, and oil production prediction after implementing enhancement techniques. The first part of the model involves representation learning on processed data, producing three sets of new features: global spatial, local spatial, and temporal information. These features are fused with the original data, serving as input for the advanced ensemble learning model XGBoost, which predicts daily oil production after implementing the technique. Following the construction of the model, actual field data from profile control techniques are selected to conduct various evaluations based on the model’s performance on validation and test sets. Compared with traditional machine learning regression algorithms, this model demonstrates significantly higher predictive accuracy. The prediction accuracy for oil production using given enhanced techniques reached 96% in the validation set and 94% in the test set. This research provides a technical foundation for selecting appropriate production enhancement techniques in oil fields by accurately predicting oil production after implementing enhancement techniques, which offers guidance for actual oilfield production.
Seasonal wildfire aerosols in Southeast Asia and Southern China disrupt the Hadley circulation
Authors: Lee Seoung Soo , Kim Go-Un , Choi Jinho , Seo Kyong-Hwan , Choi Yong-Sang , Oreopoulos Lazaros , Lau William , Wang Yuan , Penner Joyce , Um Junshik , Jung Chang Hoon
Published: June 2024

The impact of wildfires on the economy, climate, and human health is widely recognized. Some of these consequences are due to the influence on precipitation of fire-generated aerosols, especially in hotspots such as Southeast Asia and the southern part of China. The relatively poor understanding of the role of fire-produced aerosols in precipitation motivates us to study the problem in that part of the globe. We utilize multiyear reanalysis and satellite data, as well as cloud-resolving-model simulations with a 2-km horizontal resolution, over large domains extending 4000–5000 km. This combined analysis shows that fire-induced aerosol concentration anomalies perturb the Hadley circulations, which lead to changes in precipitation not only in the immediate fire vicinity, but also distant areas through teleconnections. In the immediate vicinity of the fires, we see suppressed precipitation that can prolong and intensify the fires, while in contrast, the regions located far from the fire sources experience an enhancement in precipitation. This increase in rainfall can delay deforestation and affect ocean salinity, impacting the ecology, climate and economy in those distant regions. Hence, this study demonstrates that beyond the well-established wind-driven transport of aerosols to remote locations, directly impacting human health and visibility, aerosols from fires have additional strong impacts in remote areas by altering circulations and precipitation patterns.
Least-squares reverse time migration in frequency domain based on Anderson acceleration with QR factorization
Authors: Huang Chongpeng , Qu Yingming , Dong Shihao , Ren Yi
Published: June 2024

Least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) has become a popular research topic and has been practically applied in recent years. LSRTM can generate preferable images with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), high resolution and balanced amplitude. However, LSRTM is still under the great computational pressure in processing field data. Anderson acceleration (AA) is widely popular for its ease of implementation and reduced computational effort. The QR factorization can be applied to AA to improve computational efficiency. We propose to use AA with QR factorization (AA-QR) for LSRTM in frequency domain to speed up the convergence and save computational cost. Through the numerical experiments using the sunken model, the salt model, and the Marmousi model, we find that the suitable memory size for AA-QR is 10 and the step length of AA-QR can be referred to 5 times 1st iteration step length of steepest descent (SD) method. Compared with SD method, conjugate gradient (CG) method, the limited-momory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (LBFGS) method and AA, AA-QR can converges faster and has better imaging quality. Under noisy condition, AA-QR also can converge well and obtain high-resolution images. AA-QR can be used as an alternative to LBFGS when LSRTM chooses the gradient update algorithm.
Exploring Climate Change Adaptation, Exposure, and Sensitivity among Farmers in Rural Gambia: A Vulnerability Index Assessment
Authors: Ceesay Ebrima K. , Mirzabaev Alisher , Ndiaye Mohamed Ben Omar , Beye Assane
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Understanding societal vulnerabilities to various shocks is crucial at global, country, and regional levels. In rural Gambia, assessing vulnerability becomes pivotal to comprehend weaknesses in infrastructure, food security, climate change, government, NGO support, education, and agricultural ownership.
General Problem
The article addresses the challenge of understanding vulnerability to climate change, aiming to provide insights into its complex nature and the need for targeted adaptation strategies.
Objectives
This body of work aims to integrate multiple dimensions of vulnerability, promote context-specific assessments, develop quantitative frameworks via validated vulnerability indices, offer policy-relevant insights, and enhance resilience and adaptation strategies in the face of climate change challenges.
Method
This study in rural Gambia utilized Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to construct a Vulnerability Index (VI) and components assessing vulnerabilities. We used excel to calculate vulnerability components and index from Stata results for PCA components part of eigenvector or score factor or coefficients. The regions used are North Bank Region (NBR), Central River Region (CRR) and Upper River Region (URR).
Results
The PCA revealed NBR, CRR, and URR as vulnerable to climate change, particularly highlighting NBR with vulnerability index of -6.3690 and CRR's with vulnerability index of -1.5587, heightened susceptibility. Despite URR showing relatively lower vulnerability in the VI of 1.5598, component analysis still highlighted vulnerability to climate changes. Overall, all regions indicated vulnerability to climate change. Furthermore, the validation of the Vulnerability Index indicated that NGO support significantly reduced vulnerability by 82%. Contrastingly, government aid increased vulnerability by 79%. Additionally, factors such as food access, insurance, credit availability, and agricultural support demonstrated substantial impacts on vulnerability to climate change.
Conclusions and Recommendation
The literature underscores the significance of comprehensive vulnerability assessments in understanding and addressing climate change challenges. It emphasizes the need for context-specific approaches, quantitative frameworks, and policy-informed strategies to build resilience and adapt to climate change impacts. Encourages further research focusing on nuanced context-specific vulnerability assessments, continued development and refinement of quantitative indices, and continued integration of interdisciplinary knowledge for informed decision-making and policy formulation.
Navigating Hospital To Home Transitions: Exploring Israeli Older Adult And Informal Caregiver Experiences, Challenges And Opportunities.
Authors: Kolade Opeyemi Rashidat , Porat-Dahlerbruch Joshua , Achterberg Theo van , Ellen Moriah Esther
Published: June 2024

Background
Transitioning from hospital to home is not just a process but a crucial aspect of healthcare delivery, particularly for older adults and their informal caregivers. This transition from the structured environment of the hospital to the more independent home setting presents various challenges and opportunities that significantly impact the post-discharge journey and remains a critical and vulnerable phase for patients, especially those with complex medical needs or limited support systems. With a rapidly aging population, diverse cultural demographics, and a centralized healthcare system, Israel provides a multifaceted context to explore the intricacies of this transition process. This paper explores the experiences of older adults and informal caregivers navigating hospital-to-home care transitions in Israel and the challenges and opportunities in optimizing care transitions.
Methods
Conducted within the European TRANS-SENIOR consortium, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study using one-to-one interviews with Israeli older adults and informal caregivers. who experienced hospital-to-home transitions within the past 12 months. Interview questions explored negative and positive experiences navigating hospital-to-home transitions and challenges and opportunities for optimizing care transitions. Thematic analysis was used.
Results
Seven older adults and nine informal caregivers participated in interviews, revealing diverse perceptions of hospital-to-home transitions. The experiences of hospital-to-home transitions varied, with negative experiences characterized by abrupt farewells and a perceived lack of ongoing support, while positive experiences involved reassurance, empowerment, and follow-up care. Challenges included fragmented healthcare management and a lack of person-centered care, particularly for older adults without family support or facing critical conditions, Additional issues included bureaucratic hurdles, language barriers, and communication deficiencies. Opportunities for improvement in Israel's care transition system for older adults and informal caregivers include promoting individual autonomy, involvement in decision-making, and enhancing collaboration between hospitals and communities.
Conclusion
Challenges across the care continuum highlighted the need for targeted interventions to address communication, person-centered care, and continuity of care. Policymakers can use this information to develop and implement strategies to improve the transition process, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and experiences.
Fabrication of 3D Printed Mutable Drug Delivery Devices: A Comparative Study of Volumetric and Digital Light Processing printing
Authors: Oh Ye Chan , Ong Jun Jie , Alfassam Haya , Díaz-Torres Eduardo , Goyanes Alvaro , Williams Gareth R. , Basit Abdul W.
Published: June 2024

Mutable devices and dosage forms have the capacity to dynamically transform dimensionally, morphologically and mechanically upon exposure to non-mechanical external triggers. By leveraging these controllable transformations, these systems can be used as minimally invasive alternatives to implants and residence devices, foregoing the need for complex surgeries or endoscopies. 4D printing, the fabrication of 3D-printed structures that evolve their shape, properties, or functionality in response to stimuli over time, allows the production of such devices. This study explores the potential of volumetric printing, a novel vat photopolymerisation technology capable of ultra-rapid printing speeds, by comparing its performance against established digital light processing (DLP) printing in fabricating hydrogel-based drug-eluting devices. Six hydrogel formulations consisting of 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride solution, lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate, varying molecular weights of the crosslinking monomer, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, and paracetamol as a model drug were prepared for both vat photopolymerisation technologies. Comprehensive studies were conducted to investigate the swelling and water sorption profiles, drug release kinetics, and physicochemical properties of each formulation. Expandable drug-eluting 4D devices were successfully fabricated within 7.5 s using volumetric printing and were shown to display equivalent drug release kinetics to prints created using DLP printing, demonstrating drug release, swelling, and water sorption properties equivalent to or better than those of DLP-printed devices. The reported findings shed light on the advantages and limitations of each technology for creating these dynamic drug delivery systems and provides a direct comparison between the two technologies, while highlighting the promising potential of volumetric printing and further expanding the growing repertoire of pharmaceutical printing.
Evaluating Cancer Patient-Reported Experience Measures: Readability and Implications for Health System Improvements
Authors: Giannopoulos Eleni , Moody Lesley , MacKinnon Rebecca , Gill Bhajan , Giuliani Meredith E. , Papadakos Janet K.
Published: June 2024

Purpose Positive patient experiences can lead to better adherence to cancer treatment and greater patient health outcomes. However, it is unclear whether patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are accessible to patients of all literacy levels. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether the most commonly used PREMs in cancer care meet health literacy best practices. The secondary and third objectives were to examine the development of PREMs and to assess their comprehensiveness.Methods In order to assess the readability and understandability of common cancer PREMs, three readability calculcators and a validated instrument were utilized. To better understand how PREMs were developed, data about survey items, patient involvement and expert consultation were collected. Finally, to evaluate comprehensiveness of canceer PREMs, the Picker principles of patient-centered care framework was used.Results The mean reading grade level of cancer PREMs was 9.7 (SD = 0.75, Range = 8.2–11.2). Twenty-eight PREMs were rated on understandability, with a mean score of 74% (SD = 10.6, Range = 46–93%). The mean number of items across PREMs was 49 (SD = 31, Range, 13–136), and vast majority of PREMs (n = 33, 94.3%) asked ≥ 1 double-barrelled question. All PREMs addressed ≥ 2 patient-centered care principles.Conclusion Cancer PREMs did not meet the acceptable thresholds for readability and understandability. As such, it is possible that there may be gaps in how we understand the care experiences of low health literacy populations. Future development of PREMs should engage patients with low health literacy to ensure their perspectives are accurately captured.
Intelligent Honeypot-based IDS for Cyber Attack Detection using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Karthigha M , Latha L , K Sripriyan
Published: June 2024

Cyber Intrusion is the most threatening expression in the cyber world, and it is a dangerous crime that many corporations and individuals who are a part of the Cyber World are horrified of. It results from not only a financial loss but also includes personal data which is impacted as a flooded river when the data is exposed in a data breach. Cyber Intrusion Detection System refers to a technology utilized for recognizing and notifying any illicit entry to a network system or network device. It analyses network traffic logs files maintained by a device and reports or alerts when an outsider is trying to gain access to a network. A honeypot is a technology that acts as a catchy pot of honey for an attacker. When an attacker tries to catch the pot, the Honeypot system will alert the administrator and block it. These technologies can be combined with Artificial Intelligence to automate and improve the attack prediction rate so that attackers will be prevented. A network design is proposed for the correct placement of a honeypot in the network. Datasets extracted from implementing a honeypot and KDD-99 are used in this research experimentation. The datasets are trained using Generative Adversarial Networks, a deep learning-based generative model. From the results, it is inferred that the GAN model helps in achieving enhanced performance metrics in terms of accuracy and optimum training time in both datasets.
Surgical Management of Melorheostosis Involving the Left Radius and Navicular Bone: A Case Report
Authors: Liao Zhidong , Liu Defeng , Chen Yifeng , Chen Rong , Zeng Rujiao , Lin Zhiping
Published: June 2024

Background: Melorheostosis is a rare chronic bone disease with a low incidence and unclear pathogenesis, often characterized by pain. It predominantly affects the long bones of the lower limbs and is often treated symptomatically and conservatively.
Case presentation: A 35-year-old female presented with a three-month history of a tumor found in her left wrist joint，leading to limited mobility. There were no obvious abnormalities in laboratory tests. Physical examination indicated a palpable mass measuring approximately 1.0 × 2.0 cm in the left wrist, with limited mobility and no tenderness. Combined with Digital Radiography (DR), the patient was diagnosed with melorheostosis. Surgical intervention involving osteophyte resection was performed on the left wrist joint, resulting in a satisfactory postoperative recovery.
Conclusion: The etiology of melorheostosis remains unclear, presenting with diverse symptoms that can be effectively addressed through surgical intervention.
Implementing clinical guidelines for gestational weight gain care: a novel application of Best-Worst Scaling to determine priority barriers
Authors: Farragher Eva , Wall Laura A , Wynne Olivia , Wiggers John , Hollis Jenna , Wolfenden Luke , Paolucci Francesco , Daly Justine , Mallise Carly , Attia John , Pennell Craig , Foureur Maralyn , Campbell Karen , Kingsland Melanie
Published: June 2024

Background: Antenatal clinical guidelines recommending the provision of care for gestational weight gain (GWG) are not routinely delivered by antenatal care providers (ACPs). Determining barriers to such care delivery can inform the development of targeted strategies to improve implementation. However, no previous studies have identified which barriers are most important.
Methods: A best-worst scaling (BWS) survey was developed to estimate the magnitude and rank the importance of identified barriers regarding the delivery of recommended GWG care. The survey was conducted between December 2020 and November 2021 with ACPs (medical, midwifery, and Aboriginal health workers) who provided care in public maternity services within three sites in New South Wales, Australia. ACPs were asked to select which of four barriers were most and least likely to inhibit five recommended GWG care practices (assessment of GWG; advice on GWG, diet and physical activity; and referral to specialist GWG services). Rankings of barriers were determined through choice frequency analysis for ACPs at each site.
Results: A total of 134 ACPs completed the survey (62.4% response rate). For each of the five recommended GWG care practices, the most important barrier across all health sites and for both midwives and medical ACPs was ‘compared to other aspects of my job, the guideline care is not a high priority.’ There was some variation in the importance of barriers between sites. Across all sites, medical staff were more likely than midwives to report ‘I forget’ as a barrier to weighing and providing weight tracking and dietary advice and ‘I don’t feel confident (providing this GWG practice)’ as a barrier to providing referrals to a specialist GWG service.
Conclusions: Best-worst scaling was a valuable method to rank the influence of barriers and to identify site-specific and profession-based priority barriers to ACP provision of guideline-recommended care for GWG. Not all barriers were equally important, and this ‘hierarchy’ differed across ACPs and sites. Implementation strategies should be developed to address the highest priority barriers, tailored to site and professional needs.
Trial Registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12621000054819 (22/01/2021). http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380680&isReview=true
Mutual Impact of Feature Selection and Privacy-preserving Mechanisms
Authors: Alishahi Mina , Moghtadaiee Vahideh , Fathalizadeh Amir , Rabiei Milad
Published: June 2024

Privacy concern has gained increased attention in data analysis, prompting the application of privacy-preserving methodologies. This includes private dataset generation techniques designed to conceal sensitive information, such as anonymization, Differential Privacy (DP), Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), and Differentially Private GANs (DPGANs). Nonetheless, the utilization of these techniques can influence the importance of features within the privatized dataset, potentially impacting the accuracy and dependability of subsequent data analysis and machine learning models. This study presents a comprehensive and detailed comparative examination to explore the preservation of features’ significance between the privatized dataset and its original counterpart, thus addressing the challenge of information hiding in privacy-preserving techniques. Through a series of experiments, we aim to offer valuable insights into the application of private data generating techniques to uphold the relevance of features, thereby advancing privacy-conscious data analysis across diverse applications.
The impact of institutional guarantee on citizens' participation in grassroots social governance: promotion or inhibition?
Authors: Chen Xiansheng , Xu Longshun , Song Nana
Published: June 2024

Institution is a crucial tool for governing a country. Taking good institution as the cornerstone and promoting the extensive participation of citizens is the important guarantee to realize the modernization of Chinese style grassroots social governance. This article employs the "institution-behavior" analytical framework and utilizes the CSS2017-CSS2019 mixed-sectional data to comparatively analyze the impact and mechanisms of institutional guarantee on citizens' institutional participation, consultative participation and feedback participation in grassroots social governance. The study findings reveal that institutional guarantee promote citizen's institutional participation and consultative participation in grassroots social governance, while inhibiting citizen's feedback participatory behavior. Individual norms, as a form of obligation, exhibit varying degrees of mediating effects or masking effects in the relationship between institutional guarantee and citizen participation in grassroots social governance. Behavioral control plays a negative regulating role in institutional guarantee and citizens' feedback participation. In other words, behavioral control suppresses the negative impact of institutional guarantee on citizens' feedback participation in grassroots social governance. Outcome consciousness has a negative regulating effect between the institutional guarantee and the citizens' institutional participation. In other words, outcome consciousness negatively moderates the positive influence of the institutional guarantee on the citizens' institutional participation in the grassroots social governance.
Rare Encounter: Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Gangrenous Blepharitis in a Patient with Febrile Neutropenia
Authors: alyami ali , Vermot-Desroches Victor , Serrar Yasmine , Denis Philippe
Published: June 2024

The primary pathogens responsible for eyelid infections often include normal flora such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species(1,2). In this case report, we highlight a situation of bacterial blepharitis occurring during an episode of septicaemia, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa identified in a patient experiencing febrile neutropenia secondary to Myelodysplastic syndrome.
Allopregnanolone and progesterone in relation to a single electroconvulsive therapy seizure and subsequent clinical outcome: an observational cohort study
Authors: Thörnblom Elin , Cunningham Janet , Gingnell Malin , Landén Mikael , Bergquist Jonas , Bodén Robert
Published: June 2024

Background
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an important treatment for several severe psychiatric conditions, yet its precise mechanism of action remains unknown. Increased inhibition in the brain after ECT seizures, mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has been linked to clinical effectiveness. Case series on epileptic patients report a postictal serum concentration increase of the GABAA receptor agonist allopregnanolone. Serum allopregnanolone remains unchanged after a full ECT series, but possible transient effects directly after a single ECT seizure remain unexplored. The primary aim was to measure serum concentrations of allopregnanolone and its substrate progesterone after one ECT seizure. Secondary aims were to examine whether concentrations at baseline, or postictal changes, either correlate with seizure generalization or predict clinical outcome ratings after ECT.
Methods
A total of 130 participants (18–85 years) were included. Generalization parameters comprised peak ictal heart rate, electroencephalographic (EEG) seizure duration, and prolactin increase. Outcome measures were ratings of clinical global improvement, perceived health status and subjective memory impairment. Non-parametric tests were used for group comparisons and correlations. The prediction analyses were conducted with binary logistic and simple linear regression analyses.
Results
Allopregnanolone and progesterone remained unchanged and correlated neither with seizure generalization nor with clinical outcome. In men (n = 50), progesterone increased and allopregnanolone change correlated negatively with EEG seizure duration. In a subgroup analysis (n = 62), higher baseline allopregnanolone and progesterone correlated with postictal EEG suppression.
Conclusions
ECT seizures have different physiologic effects than generalized seizures in epilepsy. Progesterone might have implications for psychiatric illness in men.
First Gold Recovery from PCBs through en-thiosulfate Leaching and Selective Adsorption with Carbon
Authors: Li Yufang , Chen Yunlong , Zi Futing , Hu Xianzhi
Published: June 2024

Eco-friendly gold extraction from printed circuit boards (PCBs) is highly attractive due to the increasing demand for gold in various fields. The conventional Cu2+-NH3-S2O32− method for PCBs involves polluting NH3 gas and requires additional copper. This study explored a new eco-friendly alternative using ethylenediamine (en) and thiosulfate to extract gold from CPU (the PCB material used in this study). The results showed that 81% of gold in CPUs could be successfully leached out after 48 hours, using 10 mM ethylenediamine and 0.2 M thiosulfate. Various analyses, including SEM, ICP, XPS, were conducted to further investigate the process. It was found that the metal in CPU was Au(0)→Ni(II)→Cu(0) from the outside to the inside, and possible gold leaching mechanism was related to the oxidization of Cu(en)22+ produced from CPU’s defective position and the presence of S2O32−. As for Au(S2O3)23− recovery, different from our previous study, it is necessary to add a small amount of ethylenediamine (en) except for carbon and thiosemicarbazone (TSC); consequently, a gold adsorption efficiency of 99% was achieved. In summary, the leaching method proposed in this work solved the problem of NH3 pollution of traditional one and achieves green, efficient, and selective gold adsorption from CPU leaching solution through a simple method, which is hopeful to replace the traditional unfriendly Cu-NH3-S2O32−.
Translation of oral health research priorities into research topics in an equity-based priority setting exercise
Authors: Nagraj Sumanth Kumbargere , Nasser Mona , Quinn Cath , Callaghan Lynne , Paisi Martha
Published: June 2024

Background: In the context of research priority setting, participants express their research priorities and ideas in various forms, ranging from narratives to explicit topics or questions. However, the transition from these expressions to well-structured research topics or questions is not always straightforward. Challenges intensify when research priorities pertain to interventions or diagnostic accuracy, requiring the conversion of narratives into the PICO (Participant, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) format.
Scope and findings: This project aimed to understand the challenges of engaging a diverse, multilingual population in setting oral health research priorities. While not a comprehensive priority-setting effort, we modified James Lind Alliance's (JLA) methods and used thematic analysis to establish a list of priority research topics and questions. This was accomplished by conducting interviews with 40 community participants and 14 dentists from various ethnic backgrounds in Malaysia. The interview language depended on participant preferences, including English, Malay, and Mandarin, with translations handled collaboratively by bilingual research assistants.
The process involved thematic analysis, discussion with a research committee, and necessary modifications. Our interpretations revealed distinct categories of participant statements: explicit, complicated, implicit, and incomplete. In this study, we identified a three-step approach to translate research ideas that are presented either as explicit statements or as complicated narratives.
Conclusions: Translating community research priorities poses inherent challenges. Our model, although not exhaustive, provides a valuable tool to assist research priority-setting groups in translating these priorities into meaningful research topics and questions, facilitating the equitable inclusion of diverse perspectives. Future research priority-setting endeavours should document their translation processes, thus aiding researchers in understanding and tackling the intricacies of this task.
Physiological responses of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) to intermittent cold exposure: A comprehensive analysis of stress, immunity, antioxidant, and metabolic adaptations
Authors: de Faria Camila de Fátima Pereira , de Andrade Beatriz Ullian , Urbinati Elisabeth Criscuolo
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the profile of energy-dependent physiological responses, such as those of the stress, innate immune and antioxidant systems, as well as some indicators of energy mobilization in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) exposed to intermittent cold to observe the correlation between these responses. Juvenile fish were divided into two groups and exposed to alternating temperatures (16 ºC and 28 ºC). The fish were acclimated to 28°C, with half kept at 28°C (control), and the other half exposed to 16°C for two 24-h periods with a 5-day interval between them. The fish were sampled at six times: baseline (after acclimatization to 28°C), 24 h after the 1st exposure to 16°C, after 5 days of recovery at 28°C, 24 h after the 2nd exposure to 16°C, and after 24 and 48 h of recovery at 28°C. The reduction in temperature activated the stress response, the innate immune system and the antioxidative system as well as mobilized lipids from the visceral stores and preserved the circulating levels of triglycerides. The intermittent exposure of fish to cold increased plasma cortisol after both exposures, activated leukocyte respiratory activity after the 2nd exposure, and activated the compensatory lysozyme response after temperature recovery in both cold exposures in addition to increasing the number of circulating monocytes and granulocytes. The activity of the enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased after the 1st and 2nd cold exposure, respectively. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was activated after the 2nd exposure compared to the control. The subtropical fish pacu was sensitive to intermittent exposure to cold and was able to display protective physiological responses.
Preliminary study on the clinical suitability of stereolithography-fabricated monolithic zirconia crowns
Authors: zeng Baijin , pei li , meng dan
Published: June 2024

Statement of problem.
Stereolithography (SLA), an additive manufacturing (AM) technique, appears to be a promising alternative for fabricating zirconia restorations. However, few studies have focused its clinical suitability.
Purpose.
This study evaluated and compared the clinical suitability of monolithic zirconia crowns (MZCs) fabricated by stereolithography (SLA) technology with MZCs by CAD/CAM milling technology.
Material and Methods.
We selected 40 cases of patients suffering from tooth defects that would be repaired with zirconia crowns. According to a routine clinical operation procedure, digital final crowns were obtained with STL document format and corresponding crowns were fabricated with SLA and CAM/CAM milling technology. The experimental group used SLA (the SLA group) and its added binder was photosensitive. The control group adopted zirconia pieces with CAD/CAM milling technology (the milling group). The two crowns of the same prepared tooth were try-in, and the clinical suitability was evaluated—namely, the adjacent tightness, stability, positioning suitability, occlusal contact stability, and so on. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify differences between the crowns made from the two technologies.
Results.
The results indicated that there were no statistical differences in adjacent tightness, stability, positioning suitability, occlusal contact stability, adjacency adjustment time, and occlusal adjustment time between the two groups (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the occlusal contact distribution in the SLA group was better than that in the milling group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion.
Monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated with SLA are clinically suitable and have good application prospects.
Original Paper Optimizing individualized therapy decision-making in multiple myeloma (MM): Integration and impact of the Revised Myeloma Comorbidity Index in the MM-Tumor Board
Authors: Dreyling Esther , Ihorst Gabriele , Reinhardt Heike , Räder Jan , Holler Maximilian , Herget Georg , Greil Christine , Wäsch Ralph , Engelhardt Monika
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematological disease predominantly affecting elderly patients. The complexity of current treatment necessitates individualized approaches. Therein, functional assessment (FA) tools, such as the Revised Comorbidity Index (R-MCI) at our University- and Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, play a crucial role. This study aimed to determine a) the implementation of the R-MCI in our MM-tumor board (MM-TB), b) its impact on treatment guidance at baseline and c) potential changes during follow-up. Methods: This exploratory study investigated R-MCI coverage and distribution in a cohort of patients with multiple TB presentations. Among them, a follow-up patient cohort undergoing subsequent MM-therapy was analyzed to determine treatment adjustments and changes in patients’ condition measured by R-MCI alterations. Results: During our 3-year assessment period, 565 patients were presented in our MM-TB, totaling 1256 TB-presentations. In the multiple TB presentation cohort, the median number of TB presentations was 3 (range: 2–12). R-MCI scores within the MM-TB were available in 94%, whereas in 6%, the R-MCI had not been integrated. Among these, potential failure to identify the need for treatment modifications was determined. In the follow-up cohort, patient characteristics were typical for referral/university centers. Dose reductions were performed in 55% and were more prevalent among patients with ≥ 4 vs. lesser TB presentations. Most patients (55%) showed a fitness stabilization or improvement via follow-up R-MCI. Conclusion: R-MCI integration in MM-TB exceeded > 90%, indicating its successful integration for treatment support. Our results underscore its value in guiding therapy decisions, providing a comprehensive assessment beyond age considerations.
Patient and Parent Knowledge, Understanding, and Concerns After a New Diagnosis of Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Jones Jordan T. , Black Lora L. , Black William R.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: After diagnosis of Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS), it is unclear what information patients and parents need and understand about EDS. The objective of this study is to characterize patient and parent knowledge and concerns about EDS after a diagnosis of EDS is made to determine patient and parent concerns and identify barriers that cause discomfort with the diagnosis.
Methods: A convenience sample of patient and parent dyads were recruited after new diagnosis of EDS. Patients and parents completed questionnaires that assessed knowledge, comfort, and barriers of EDS before and after diagnosis, EDS education materials accessed, and additional clinical needs and concerns.
Results: Seventy-two dyads completed the survey.
Conclusion: Many respondents actively seek information on the diagnosis and management of EDS. Parents and patients look for information about EDS differently. Parents have more concerns after diagnosis and both want well-constructed, empirically supported educational materials delivered via multiple modalities, which makes clinical guidelines more essential.
Artificial Intelligence Innovations in Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review of Cutting-edge Applications
Authors: Roy Poulami , Godbole Aditya Amit , Banjan Tanvi , Ahmed Komal Fatima , Bakhtyar Khadija , Tendulkar Mugdha , Ghosh Shankhaneel , Deb Novonil , Ali Syed Roshan , Das Soumyajit , Tendulkar Reshma , Lathwal Yashdeep , Senthil Arihant , Khullar Kaarvi , Shree Anagha , Kundu Mrinmoy
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers transformative potential for cerebrovascular neurosurgery, enabling novelapproaches to predict clinical outcomes, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and optimize surgical procedures. Thissystematic review explores AI's integration and impact in this specialized field, emphasizing improved patient careand addressing challenges in resource-limited settings. Methods: A comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science gathered peer-reviewed articlesdetailing AI applications in cerebrovascular neurosurgery. Studies were analyzed to evaluate AI effectiveness inpredicting outcomes, enhancing detection/diagnosis, facilitating risk stratification, and integrating into surgicalworkflows. Ethical implications and applicability in resource-limited settings were examined. Results: AI demonstrates significant potential in predicting clinical outcomes by analyzing large datasets to forecast patienttrajectories. In detection and diagnosis, AI algorithms utilizing machine learning show high accuracy in interpretingneuroimaging data, enabling earlier and more precise cerebrovascular condition diagnoses. Risk stratification isenhanced through AI's ability to classify patients based on risk profiles, enabling better resource allocation andtargeted interventions. However, AI integration into surgical workflows requires substantial adjustments. Conclusion: AI in cerebrovascular neurosurgery presents a promising avenue for advancing patient care through personalizedtreatment strategies and improved diagnostic and predictive accuracy. Ethical considerations regarding data privacy,algorithmic fairness, and equitable distribution must be rigorously addressed. Future research should focus onovercoming challenges, enhancing clinical workflow integration, and ensuring accessibility across diversehealthcare settings. Continuous collaboration between engineers, clinicians, and ethicists is advocated to fosterinnovative and ethical AI applications in neurosurgery.