bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological study of intracranial meningiomas in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Shukla Avdhesh , Gupta Asheesh Kumar , Sharma Anand , Iyengar S. N.
Published: April 2019

Meningiomas are tumours that arise from the meningothelial cells. Most of these tumours are intracranial; some are intraspinal and few extra cranial. There are many histological variants classified into three grades depending on clinical behaviour. Classification is important for determining the modality of treatment. Objectives: To study the incidence, location, sex and age predilection, histological variants and grading of meningiomas based on WHO 2007 classification and recurrence if present. Materials and methods: All 200 cases of meningiomas. Based on Histological features, typing and grading of meningiomas was done as per the WHO 2007 classification of Meningiomas. Age, Sex incidence, Location of meningiomas were studied. Results: Meningiomas comprised 26.17% of all CNS tumours during the study period. Of 764 CNS tumours, 200 were meningiomas. Most of them were intracranial, predominantly involving the convexities of brain, females and the 41 – 50 age group. Of these, 180 were benign grade I tumours, 12 were grade II and 8 were grade III. The most common histological variant was fibroblastic and meningothelial. Grade II and Grade III tumours commonly recurred. Conclusion: Meningiomas are slow-growing tumours arising from the meningothelial cells accounting for 26.17% of all CNS neoplasms showing a variety of histological patterns, more common in women, predominantly Grade I tumours. Recurrence of tumours depends on histological grade and extent of surgery.
Introduction of triage. An experience of a triage nurse in a tertiary centre in Japan
Authors: Tsuge Shinobu , Shinagawa Takahiro , Hara Kumi , Aihara Akio
Published: April 2019

Emergency medical treatment in Japan is subject to jurisdiction by the Fire Department. Triage, by definition, is a dynamic process, as the patient's status can change rapidly. Triage is very important for Japan, where emergency patients are on the rise. The role of triage nurse is also important. That will improve the life-saving rate of emergency patients and improve the reversion to society.
Surgeon specialist branding or what do surgeon specialists need to know about their brand
Authors: Zhalmukhamedov Emil
Published: April 2019

As the world has widely adapted the principle of searching for relevant information online, many practicing physicians, especially those who are involved in specialty - must pay a close attention to their brand and their reputation on the World Wide Web. There are numerous web pages available to the general public about particular physician and where he/she practices. Most of those pages are either managed by a third-party company or created for promotional use. Some physicians are not even aware of this and are found by surprise when their patients bring up the information, they found on them online. Physician’s name is a brand that he or she carries throughout entire medical career, and it might make or break the legacy of academic or private physician on the long run.
Silent Pauses in the Speech of Yemeni EFL Learners
Authors: Al-Ghazali Abeer Mohammed , Alrefaee Yasser
Published: April 2019

Speaking fluently is characterized not only by the speed of oral delivery but also by the absence of non-fluent pauses. This paper aims at investigating the pausing phenomena in the speech of the Yemeni learners of English. It investigated three aspects of silent pauses, the frequency, the placement and the length.  The data were collected from 20 level four students enrolled in the Department English Language, Faculty of Education, Taiz University. The participants were recorded narrating the events of a short silent video immediately after watching it. Data were analyzed quantitatively utilizing the waveform spectrogram software called PRAAT. The findings showed that the Yemeni EFL learners overused non-fluent silent pauses. Additionally, they paused in the middle of the clauses rather than at the clause boundaries. With respect to the mean length of silent pauses, the speech of the EFL learners at Taiz University was full of long silent pauses which took one-third of the total speaking time. Therefore, it is highly suggested that the teachers of English should draw the learners’ attention to the notion of pausing and its effect on speaking fluency in order to lessen or avoid it. Teachers should also vary their activities to help the learners speak fluently without much pausing.
The Untruth Friendship and Starvation in Milne’s Winnie-the-Pooh
Authors: Syahidah A. Arini
Published: April 2019

This research aims to explore (1) the untruth friendship of Winnie-the-Pooh and (2) its advice for solving starvation of human being in Milne’s Winnie-the-Pooh. The research is a descriptive qualitative method with the support of semiotic approach. It uses smoke-fire concept in Pierce’s Index to look after Aristotle’s 8 characteristics of friendship. Those are explored through Winnie-the-Pooh novel as a primary data and Nicomachean Ethics, book of sociology, and dictionaries as a secondary data. The research discover the untruth is over 4 acts of characters. It keeps some friendship characteristics within. Therefore, those 4 acts directs a man to get a help of a friend.
Gender-Based Pragmatic Study of Hedging Devices in Selected Political News Interview of Donald Trumph and Hillary Clinton
Authors: Ohorella Nurmala
Published: April 2019

This research aimed to identify the linguistic items which act as hedges in political news interviews in relation to politicians’ gender, as well as to examine the pragmatic functions of these devices. Two transcripts of political news interviews of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trumph, randomly selected from CNN official website (see Appendix), were analyzed adopting Salager-Meyer’s (1997) taxonomy. The study revealed that the frequent used of hedging devices in the two interviews are modal auxiliaries, if clause, and introductory phrase. The most frequently used hedging device subcategory are the modal auxiliary “can”, “will”, “would”, and “should”. Whilst the used introductory phrase are “l think”, “l believe”, “l guess”, “as l said”, and “my understanding is that..”. The findings suggest that these hedging devices fulfill several pragmatic functions. Hedging devices is used by the two politicians to express indirectness, politeness, lack of commitment and probability. In relation to gender, the findings also reveal that the spread of hedging of the two politicians are similar
Revisiting the Universality of Multiple Intelligences Theory in English Writing Classroom: Putting Theory Into Practice
Authors: Islam Rukmana Fachrul
Published: April 2019

The present study was undertaken based on an assumption that there is no full guarantee that the university-level students from English department could be easily successful in writing activities. This might be as a result of differences in individuals’ characteristics contributing to language learning process, and even better it has something to do with the so-called “Intelligence”. While some relevant studies concerned about the relationship between the students’ Multiple Intelligence profile and their ability in language learning, the current findings contradicted the findings that of researches. In relation with writing skill, some show a significant correlation, some found only partial correlation, and some illustrated insignificant correlation between the observed variables. To have a clearer picture as to this arguable issue, the present study’s aim was about to look into the relationship between multiple intelligences as a whole part and linguistic intelligence as a part of multiple intelligences, and writing performance of English department students in a state university. This study employed mix method and the instruments applied were MI Inventory, a writing scale adopted from IELTS writing task 2, and interview. A small number of students, 27 students, actively participated in this study, and the findings indicated that insignificant correlation existed between students’ writing performance and their MI profile as a whole part or as independent intelligence, namely linguistic intelligence.
O PAPEL DO AMICUS CURIAE E DAS AUDIÊNCIAS PÚBLICAS COMO INSTRUMENTOS DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO E LEGITIMIDADE DAS DECISÕES DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Lulia Luciana de Toledo Temer , Domingues Diego Sígoli
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo se propõe a compreender a importância da atuação do amicus curiae e da realização das audiências públicas como instrumentos de aperfeiçoamento das decisões judiciais, bem como de legitimidade do Poder Judiciário, sobretudo do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Por um lado, o amicus curiae atua como sendo um terceiro autônomo e sem interesse direto na lide, ao qual não compõe nenhum dos polos da relação processual posta em juízo, mas auxilia os julgadores nas questões eminentemente técnicas e jurídicas, principalmente aquelas dotadas com conteúdo de direitos difusos e coletivos, com vista à correta aplicação do direito ao caso, propiciando eficiência da atividade jurisdicional. De outro lado, a realização de audiências públicas amplia o debate sobre o tema posto sub judice, porque assegura maior participação de determinada parcela da sociedade envolvida ou efetiva e potencialmente atingida pela decisão a ser proferida, assegurando a democratização quanto à pluralização do debate constitucional, o acesso à justiça de modo amplo, bem como auxilia na legitimação das decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre temas relevantes.
Algunos errores Matemáticos Básicos y su Manifestación en la Educación Superior
Authors: López Garcés Redel , Montenegro Moracén Elsa Iris , Guillot Mustelier Leticia
Published: April 2019

En el artículo se abordan entre otros las definiciones de error, sus características y clasificación, así como algunos modos de actuación de estudiantes y profesores que favorecen la ocurrencia de errores en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Matemática, aspecto este que frena el tránsito de los estudiantes por los diferentes niveles del conocimiento. En tal sentido, en el trabajo se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones a los profesores de Matemática para su tratamiento desde la clase, a partir una experiencia acumulada en el trabajo metodológico con el colectivo de la disciplina de Análisis Matemático dirigido a la atención y tratamiento a los errores matemáticos básicos identificados en los estudiantes.
Inês de Castro in England
Authors: Machado de Sousa Maria Leonor
Published: April 2019

Inês de Castro is the Portuguese character in Portuguese History
best known all over the world. Her tragic fate has been told in all
kinds of literary forms in practically all European languages. The close
connections with England can justify the great number of items we
fnd in her literature that we already know. Others may be lost in
the countless miscellanea and reviews, where we can eventually trace
some text still undiscovered after decades or even centuries.
Localized Microwave and EUV Bright Structures in an Eruptive Prominence
Authors: Huang Jing , Tan Baolin , Masuda Satoshi , Cheng Xin , Kumar Bisoi Susanta , Melnikov Victor
Published: April 2019

We study a solar eruptive prominence with flare/coronal mass ejection (CME) event by microwave and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations. Its evolution can be divided into three phases: slow rise, fast expansion, and ejection. In the slow-rise phase, the prominence continuously twists for more than one hour with a patch of bright emission appearing around the top. When the north leg interacts with the local small-size loops, the fast expansion is initiated and the flare takes place there. The prominence grows rapidly, and a series of localized brightenings appear in the whole prominence structure. Then the ejection occurs, followed by a CME. In microwave images, the brightness temperature (T

b
) at 17 and 34 GHz can be divided into three components. The strongest emission with T

b
at 25,000–300,000 K is related to the bright flare region near the north foot. The medium T

b
(10,000–20,000 K) outlines a series of small-scale bright enhancements scattering in the prominence, which are superposed on a weak background with T

b
at 5000–10,000 K. These localized bright structures, first appearing at the top and then scattering in the entire prominence structure, are cospatial with EUV bright threads, fibers, or spots in both high- and low-temperature passbands. They display significant temporal variations on the scale of 3–5 s in the microwave observations. Thus, the plasma inside the prominence is spatially structured and changes with time in both density and temperature. This behavior could be interpreted in the frame of the small-scale and short-term process of energy releases in the twisted magnetic structure.
Hubble Space Telescope Nondetection of PSR J2144–3933: The Coldest Known Neutron Star∗
Authors: Guillot Sebastien , Pavlov George G. , Reyes Cristobal , Reisenegger Andreas , Rodriguez Luis E. , Rangelov Blagoy , Kargaltsev Oleg
Published: April 2019

We report nondetections of the ∼3 × 108 yr old, slow, isolated, rotation-powered pulsar PSR J2144–3933 in observations with the Hubble Space Telescope in one optical band (F475X) and two far-ultraviolet bands (F125LP and F140LP), yielding upper bounds

,

, and

, at the pivot wavelengths 4940 Å, 1438 Å and 1528 Å, respectively. Assuming a blackbody spectrum, we deduce a conservative upper bound on the surface (unredshifted) temperature of the pulsar of

42,000 K. This makes PSR J2144–3933 the coldest known neutron star, allowing us to study thermal evolution models of old neutron stars. This temperature is consistent with models with either direct or modified Urca reactions including rotochemical heating, and, considering frictional heating from the motion of neutron vortex lines, it puts an upper bound on the excess angular momentum in the neutron superfluid, J < 1044 erg s.
Risk Management and Risk Communication in the Case of Vector-Borne Disease
Authors: Blagica Sekovska , Jovana Stefanovska
Published: April 2019

Change in environmental and socio-economic, emerging zoonotic diseases will be an increasing challenge for public health in Europe and in Macedonia also. The risks and consequences triggered by vector-borne diseases (VBD) for public health in Macedonia are just starting to emerge in public awareness. This is clearly shown by recent events such as spread of hemorrhagic fevers in Europe. The term “public health” in the scope of this chapter suggests re-conceptualization of public health by adapting the risk governance framework developed by the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC) for this purpose. The IRGC approach is distinguished from more classical risk governance approaches, inter alia, by an explicit inclusion of a systematic concern assessment. However, unfortunately, not all countries are adapted on this innovative public health model. This chapter shows results of a risk management study based on interview in depth with the officials regard public health risk, in frame of one health concept in the Republic of Macedonia.
A One Health Perspective on Q Fever
Authors: Cruz Rita , Vasconcelos-Nobrega Carmen , Esteves Fernando , Coelho Catarina , Ferreira Ana Sofia , Santos Carla , Mega Cristina , Coelho Ana C. , Vala Helena , Mesquita João R.
Published: April 2019

Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic infectious disease caused by Coxiella burnetii and ruminants, namely, cattle, sheep, and goats, are known to be the main reservoir for human infection. C. burnetii infection in animals can result in epizootic abortions which are often associated with vast bacteria shedding in birth fluids and placentas. Human infections mainly occur in persons handling infected animals and their products. Here the authors describe the history, bacteriology, biosafety, and epidemiology of Q fever, now known to be a serious threat to veterinary public health.
An Introduction
Authors: Knight Verna , Robinson Sandra P.A.
Published: April 2019

Teachers are an indispensable part of the debate on the development of critical thinking skills. Much research has centered on examining teachers' critical thinking skills, and on empowering teachers for more effective delivery of critical thinking in instruction (Perkins, 2014; Gardener, 2011; Duron et al, 2006; Abrami et al, 2008, Choy & Cheah, 2009). This chapter examines one of the key forces impacting the global context for critical thinking, teachers and teacher education today: an international mandate for critical thinking as a vital 21st century skill for the effective preparation of citizens and workers for life and work in today's society. The chapter begins with an exploration of the meaning and conceptualization of critical thinking. It then deliberates on how the international mandate for schools and teachers engenders a context for critical thinking in teacher education and considers the need for increased pedagogical support for educators. As a final point, the chapter points to some implications for classroom practitioners and teacher educators of delivering on the demands for critical and reflective workers in 21st century society.
Teachers in the “Process of Becoming”
Authors: Manuel Jacqueline , Dutton Janet
Published: April 2019

This chapter focuses on exploring the role of pre-service teacher (PST) narratives in a research-based model of initial teacher education (ITE) for secondary English teachers across three semesters of a two-year graduate entry, Master of Teaching (Secondary) degree at the University of Sydney, Australia. The model is underpinned by the belief that the development of the teacher's professional identity is an antecedent and generator of their ways of knowing and teacher quality. Initially, the chapter frames the model of ITE through a discussion of the relevant research literature in the field of pre-service teacher development. It then delineates the features of the model at the University of Sydney and provides a close analysis of the sequential narratives of a pre-service English teacher over the course of the first semester of study in the ITE program. Finally, the chapter reflects on the affordances of narratives in shaping PSTs' ways of knowing and professional identity.
Pre-Service Teachers Critical Thinking and Developing and Using Models in Science
Authors: Burks Lizette A. , Huffman Douglas
Published: April 2019

The new science and engineering practice of developing and using models is needed to achieve the vision of three-dimensional teaching and learning and should be an important new component of teacher preparation programs. This chapter examined critical thinking and preservice teachers' preconceptions about critical thinking and the practice of developing and using models. The results of the study indicated that when preservice teachers initially described how this practice might look in the classroom, only two of the six categories outlined in A Science Framework for K-12 Science Education for this practice were described by most participants. Of those two categories described by most participants, the majority were at a novice level. These results emphasize the necessity for elementary teacher education to provide opportunities for preservice teachers to better understand the practice of developing and using models, and how critical thinking can help teachers use models.
The Instructional Context of Critical Thinking Development in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Mechler Hannah Mills
Published: April 2019

This chapter will outline the roles of teachers within early childhood learning environments and how they may promote children's critical thinking skills. Further discussions about how children's cognitive development may be fostered is also addressed. Theoretical frameworks are integrated as well to further decipher and understand how children's critical thinking skills may be promoted within early childhood learning environments. In addition, several curriculum models in early childhood education that are focused on the Montessori, Reggio Emilia, Tools of the Mind, High Scope, and Waldorf approaches are presented and applied to how they may enhance children's critical thinking skills as well as their overall development.
Strategies for Fostering Critical Thinking in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Jordan Katrina Woolsey , Fazio-Brunson Michelle , Butler Shawn Marise
Published: April 2019

Critical thinking is not a new concept in the world of education. However, teaching it to university students in teacher education programs can be difficult. Teaching these skills to students in grade school, especially in the early childhood classroom, comes with its own set of challenges. This chapter outlines strategies for teaching critical thinking skills in interesting and innovative ways, both at the university and early childhood level. Of particular interest is the project approach. During the three phases of this approach, children act as young investigators and apply critical thinking skills in their daily work. Future trends in both teacher education and the education of young children are also identified.
The Ecology of Social Practice in Language, Communication, and Constructing the Future
Authors: Mikhalsky Alexey V.
Published: April 2019

This chapter covers some aspects unified by the author's concept of psychology of constructing the future as an ecosystemic approach to social practice. The ecology of the future is considered to be nurtured through most important areas of human life, such as language, communication and rhethorics, education and healthcare, organizational management, and leadership. The chapter also presents the “problem-making” approach as a practice of deliberate creation of useful problems in developmental processes. The authors come to a conclusion that those areas can be significantly amplified using a collaborative approach to constructing the shared future.
The Ecosystem of Human Learning
Authors: Braescu Adriana V.
Published: April 2019

Any form of life is a complex system made of one, few, or billions of cells. Each cell is a complex system as well: an organism in itself, performing thousands of biochemical reactions each second, as a consequence of all sorts of stimuli/information. Living beings are lifelong learners. As long as we arrive to internalize this information—about us as “galaxies” of systems of cells—we are allowed to be conscientious of ourselves and to process all the stimuli in an efficient manner. For a human being, learning should involve introspection and external complex system analysis as well. The main preoccupation, in learning, should be to study and analyze our own thoughts, emotions, and experiences, connecting the knowledge we acquired on the nervous and endocrine system in a complex relationship with all the other systems that allow us to exist—from nano (quantum physics) to macro (newtonian physics)—with us as a link in this huge net of morphogenesis, which can be mathematically described.
Ecological Approach to Learning and Communication
Authors: Rata Lilian , Birnaz Nina , Nadejda Butnari
Published: April 2019

This chapter applies an ecological approach to learning and communication to analyze the impact of rhetoric communication on oratory competence. In the introductory section, it is analyzed the evolution and future trends of rhetoric and oratory as well as the importance of planning and management the university didactical processes from the perspectives of ecosphere, ecosystem, ecology, rhetoric situation, etc. It is pointed that in our current, globalized world, university education serves as the focal focus on verbal communication. The university education cannot escape from the pressure of their global and local environment. In the background, the authors analyze the evolution of rhetoric in accordance with general system theory and communication theory. The focus of the chapter is devoted to the development of the oratory competence. A novel model of rhetoric communication is described in detail. The chapter finishes with conclusions and future research regarding the applicability of the proposed model.
Social Partnership and Distance in Representations of Subjects of Pedagogical Processes (Group Research)
Authors: Molokostova Anna Mihailovna , Yakimanskaya Irina Sergeevna , Ibragimova Milyausha Yakubovna
Published: April 2019

The environmental approach in the humanities has become widespread due to the request of pedagogical and organizational practice. The spatial component can be diagnosed, built, or adjusted by measuring and controlling the social distance between the subjects of the educational process. The indicator of social distance is a diagnostic sign of trust and security in the educational process. The measured characteristics of physical space, including distance to objects, are used to describe the perceived positions in society and in relation to other participants of interaction. Contradictions and conflicts appear as a result of divergence in perceived social distances that determine the attitudes and norms of interaction between subjects of the educational process. The chapter showed that the conditionally unfavorable environment is characterized by the fact that perceived social distances are more important up to the preference not to see other subjects of the educational process.
Teleut Labor and Life
Authors: Abdullayeva Fatma Eyvaz Kyzy , Li Stanislav Igorevich , Proskurina Anastasiya Viktorovna
Published: April 2019

The chapter represents the results of the analysis of the Teleut language vocabulary, verbalizing pragmatically significant frames “hunting” and “food” from cognitive positions. The authors pay attention to the description of a horse image based on Teleut and Russian proverbs in order to identify its national and cultural conditionality. The sources of study are dictionaries, audio and video materials of conversations with Teleuts, living in the villages of the Kemerovo region. Reference to lexicographical works and application of the method of propositional frame-based modeling allow the authors, first, to identify and describe peculiarities of the linguistic realization of associatively linked frames “hunting,” “food,” and considerations about a horse; second, to reveal the system of archaic perception of the world fragments by Teleuts and to show its significance for preservation of viability of their genetically native language; third, to set the directions of further work for the preservation of the original national Teleut culture.
Teleuts' Family and Kinship Ties
Authors: Olenev Stanislav Vladimirovich , Araeva Liudmila Alexeyevna , Bulgakova Olga Anatolyevna
Published: April 2019

The chapter is devoted to the description of current state of the Teleut language and culture (the indigenous minority of the North) in terms of contemporary socio-demographic processes, taking place in this ethnos, as well as in the aspect of reflecting of the Teleut language with the help of polysemantic units, understanding about family and kinship ties. Extralinguistic factors affecting the specificity of the bilingual linguistic personality of modern Teleuts are analyzed. The linguocultural conceptions about kinship ties, recorded in the Teleut linguistic worldview, are studied. The specificity of polysemy in the Teleut language is determined, based on the material of linguistic units, which call different types of kinship ties. The chapter consists of three sections, written by the project executors “Language and culture of Teleuts,” who were supported by grant RHSF/RFBR Nº 17-04-00252 ONG/18.
Mobile Use During Adolescence
Authors: Terras Melody M. , Ramsay Judith
Published: April 2019

Equipped with psychological theories of development, the authors of this chapter argue that the impacts of mobile technology should be situated in and understood within their different contexts of use. Besides their advocacy of a situated and integrated approach to understanding the psychological determinants of mobile use and the impact on development, the authors also call for increased interdisciplinary and integrated working to capture the complexity of technology and behaviour and the recognition of individual differences.
Impacts of Mobile Use on Third Agers in China
Authors: Guo Chen , Keane Michael , Ellis Katie
Published: April 2019

The chapter explores the role of smart phones and mobile apps in the process of third age formation in Zhengzhou, a second-tier city in China located in central Henan province. The term ‘third age' refers to a transition period from active work to retirement. Compared with the previous generation, the demographic approaching retirement in China today is more digitally literate, although this varies accordingly in Zhengzhou, a second-tier city. The use of digital technology offers people a different kind of retirement. This study shows that an increasing number of people around retirement age (55-65) in Zhengzhou are using smart phones and apps to reimagine the possibilities of post-work lifestyles. The research asks if the use of mobile apps is changing peoples' perspectives on traditional responsibilities and peoples' expectations of retirement.
Locating Gender Differences in Mobile Use and Habits
Authors: Donmez Beliz , Seneler Cagla
Published: April 2019

As an indispensable part of their lives, mobile has been playing an important role among undergraduate students in influencing their lives and academic studies. Although gender has been proven to be an important factor in distinguishing males and females in using the internet and other digital media, what are the gender differences in mobile use and habits? The authors of this chapter offer an updated answer to that question by surveying a selected sample of undergraduate students in Turkey.
Women on Boards Improving Women's Empowerment Through Entrepreneurship in Turkey
Authors: Yenilmez Meltem Ince
Published: April 2019

It appears to be a collective acceptance that women must reason like men, act like women, look like girls, and work like horses. Talking about women vs. men in leadership, a person must first differentiate between the female aspect of leadership—delegating, pull leadership participative, encouraging, motivating, inspiring—and the male element of leadership—enforcing regulations, pushing people, setting rules, creating obligations, corporate behavior, putting limitations. The chapter contains the existing literature concerning women; entrepreneurship and family business in Turkey is studied, followed by the revision of the entrepreneurship of women due to Turkey's cultural context. Profiles of Turkish entrepreneurial women are deliberated upon. Then problems of entrepreneurial women are discussed in the latter segment. The chapter concludes with the applications and policy recommendations to aid entrepreneurship of women in Turkey.
Sustainable Balance Scorecard as a CSR Roadmap for SMEs
Authors: Gutiérrez-Diez María del Carmen , Beltran José Luis Bordas , Arras-Vota Ana María de Gpe.
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to review and establish a theoretical framework that creates a systematized method to help SMEs willing to adopt a sustainability strategy. There is an increasing interest in SMEs to incorporate CSR and CS as a strategy, but they need a tool that would lower the entry barrier for SMEs struggling to adopt said objectives, such as the sustainable balance scorecard (SBSC). The chapter aims to provide a support tool and guide for SMEs interested in developing a CSR and sustainable strategy. To develop it, a literature review was performed, and the approach proposed by Hansen and Schaltegger was deemed to be feasible for adoption and implementation. As a result, an SBSC hierarchy is proposed for SMEs. Further evidence is necessary to validate the current proposal.
Corporate Social Venturing
Authors: Pasillas Marcela Ramírez , Lundberg Hans
Published: April 2019

This chapter has three purposes: first, to briefly outline corporate venturing as a sub-field in corporate entrepreneurship that recently has gained prominence in research on family-owned businesses (FOB); second, to highlight the missing social dimension in research on FOB that focuses on corporate venturing, conceptualize this added social dimension as corporate social venturing (CSV), and to empirically illustrate CSV with well-known Mexican FOB engaged in CSV; and third, to propose an agenda for researching CSV done by FOB.
Reputational Transfer Between the Leader and His Corporation in Spain
Authors: Moreno-Domínguez María-Jesús , Martín-Zamora María-Pilar , Rodríguez-Ariza Lázaro
Published: April 2019

The main purpose of this chapter is the study of the reputational transfer between the leader and the company he leads, analyzing whether the mentioned process is conditioned by the presence of a family in the ownership and/or management of the company. Using the information published by the Spanish Monitor of Corporate Reputation (MERCO) for the period between 2001 and 2017, different econometric models have been formulated with panel data that show that the reputation of the leader of the family firms is transferred to the corporate reputation faster than when the company does not have the condition of a family business. In addition, it has been researched if the reputation of the leader is nourished by the corporate reputation, and the results show a link in that sense, without being conditioned by the family nature of the company.
The Role of Awareness in Designing Human Resources Management Practices in Family Firms
Authors: Flamini Giulia , Gnan Luca
Published: April 2019

The chapter aims to develop a theoretical configurational model of HRM practices for family firms based on the construct of awareness. The typology of ideal HRM practices configurations the authors developed grounds on are 1) two organizational factors (awareness of the internal and external environment and organizational awareness) and 2) two dimensions of organizational awareness (the need for explicit and implicit coordination mechanisms). The first dimension refers to the need for mechanisms explicitly adopted by a family firm to manage task or communication interdependencies. The second one relates to those requirements for mechanisms that are available to family firms from shared cognition, which enable them to explain and anticipate task statuses and individuals' collaborative behaviors, thus helping them in managing task interdependencies. The authors combined these results in four configurations of HRM practices (administrative, shared, professional, and integrated configurations) and developed seven propositions.
Kriselipsis and Inverted Complementarity Diversity (ICD)
Authors: Saiz-Álvarez José Manuel , Castillo-Nazareno Uriel Hitamar , Alcívar-Avilés María Teresa
Published: April 2019

The objective of this chapter is to introduce the concept of kriselipsis (crisis-scarcity relationship) and the ICD (inverted complementarity diversity) within the literature related to the family business. To achieve this goal, the authors combine a conceptual and a descriptive study with the analysis of cacao and shrimp value chains with the use of data from the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Investment of Ecuador. Findings show that, as there is a constant crisis-scarcity relationship (kriselipsis) in microenterprises and SMEs located in developing countries, the combination of familiness with ICD will reinforce Ecuador to consolidate its raw materials market. This fact will allow Ecuadorian firms to have immediate access to this market to avoid kriselipsis, as well as to have better access to the financial credit-focused on improving their value chains.
Succession in Family Business Through Authentic Leadership
Authors: Baykal Elif
Published: April 2019

Family businesses are the kind of organizations that are characterized by overlapping systems of ownership, management, governance, and family values. In family firms, the family is the main asset of the business, and family members are strictly bound to the firm. Due to the dominance of a specific family, the success of the company is closely linked to the proper administration of the duality in the industry, the existence of family and business simultaneously. This fact distinguishes family firms from other companies. Furthermore, managerial and ownership priorities of the owner family are maintained through intergenerational succession. And, the existence of multiple stakeholders and their conflicting demands necessitate a transparent and authentic leadership approach in this delicate process. In this chapter, it is proposed that in family firms, intergenerational succession is more convenient and less painful, in case an authentic leader who gives importance to high levels of awareness, transparency, and morality is in power.
M-Learning Acceptance Among Faculty and Students in Pakistan
Authors: Bakhsh Muhammad , Mahmood Amjad , Sangi Nazir A. , Iqbal Muhammad Javed
Published: April 2019

Fast development in mobile phones has enabled higher educational institutions to adapt and initiate mobile technologies. It can also make way for learning using mobile devices and systems. This chapter investigated the present state of student and faculty perception towards m-learning at open and distance educational institutes (ODEIs) in Pakistan. The chapter presents a conceptual model based on technology acceptance model, which explains the factors influencing student and faculty perception towards m-learning acceptance. Since m-learning acceptance mainly depends on personal attitude, this study focuses on individual context. Primary data from students and faculty (N=612) was collected. The SEM results indicate that skill readiness (SK) and self-efficacy (SE) influence perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU), where these two factors along with prior experience (PE) positively influence behavioral intension (BI) to accept mobile learning. Furthermore, the results of this study specifically provide factors which positively influence BI either directly or indirectly.
Teaching for Diversity Online
Authors: Tigert Johanna M. , Armstrong Argyro Aloupis
Published: April 2019

Existing gaps in teacher education programs impact programs' ability to provide teachers with effective teaching practices for use in diverse classrooms. Higher education institutions attempting to address culturally relevant pedagogy through online courses struggle to create meaningful learning opportunities for students especially when they do not have opportunities to work with diverse populations outside of class. This chapter discusses the challenges a higher education faculty member and her doctoral assistant faced when teaching an accelerated 10-week online course titled Educating Diverse Populations. The asynchronous nature of the online course and the optionality of the online group chats disrupted the process of class dialogue and interactions normally found in traditional face-to-face courses. However, reflecting on a variety of autobiographical resources and participating in weekly discussion posts assisted students to better incorporate culturally relevant pedagogy into their teaching practices.
A Primer on the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act and Advocacy for Students Who Are Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
Authors: Taylor Reid , Fleres Carol
Published: April 2019

Well prepared educators are essential to the identification and delivery of services to students who have disabilities, most especially when it comes to students who are culturally and linguistically diverse (C/LD). Professionals must be aware of the requirements in IDEIA and assure that multiple and appropriate assessments are used in determining whether C/LD students are, in fact, disabled before being assigned to special education. This chapter identifies current issues such as the under and over identification of certain students who are C/LD in special education, second language acquisition, and the evaluation of children whose primary language is not English. It is a tool to assist professionals in assessing students who are C/LD and in educating families and guiding them to advocate for the provision of supported interventions in general education, appropriate assessment, and educational planning. Recommendations for advocating for students who are C/LD are presented and discussed.
Recognizing the Realities and Needs of Unaccompanied Minors in the All-English Classroom
Authors: Linares Rebecca E.
Published: April 2019

This chapter provides key information about a growing population of English language learners (ELLs) in United States classrooms: unaccompanied minors from the Northern Triangle nations of Central America. Part one provides contextual information about unaccompanied minors, including a description of the immigration process that channels children from detention facilities along the U.S.-Mexico border to communities—and classrooms—across the country. Part two draws on empirical data gathered through an ethnographic case study conducted across the 2015–2016 school year and focuses on one pedagogical practice, dialogue journaling, in a classroom serving unaccompanied minors with limited and interrupted formal schooling. Part three provides a list of resources for exploring the topic further including materials that provide a deeper understanding of the sociopolitical contexts in which children cross borders as well as practice-oriented materials teachers can use to create welcoming classroom spaces in which they provide culturally relevant, linguistically accessible instruction.
Understanding Diverse Bilingual Learners
Authors: Weimer Amy A. , Gil Mario , Esquierdo J. Joy
Published: April 2019

The chapter synthesizes findings from diverse disciplinary perspectives to make the case that we need a new lens to better serve the diversity of bilingual learners. Drawing upon theories and findings from studies by educators, child developmentalists, and neuroscientists, but moving beyond any one disciplinary perspective, the authors aim to create a unity of new knowledge developed of theories from across disciplines. This approach is exactly what is needed to address the complexity of factors surrounding bilingual learners. Taking a transdisciplinary approach will allow us to move closer toward an understanding of the many factors affecting bilingual children and families, and this new knowledge can be applied to promote their educational and lifelong success.
Preparing In-Service Teachers to Work With Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Youth
Authors: Cardozo-Gaibisso Lourdes , Harman Ruth
Published: April 2019

Teacher professional learning (TPL) can function as a powerful resource in supporting culturally sustaining educational practices for multicultural and multilingual students. However, as this chapter discusses through a detailed description of the literature, the design of current TPL initiatives often leads to a perpetuation of top down discourses about the role of teachers and bilingual learners in K-12 contexts. To speak to these challenges, the chapter provides readers with a detailed account of a bilingual National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded model of professional learning that could serve as an alternative culturally sustaining model for TPL. Specifically, the goal of the NSF initiative was to position in-service ESOL and science teachers of English as agentive and culturally responsive in their work. The systemic functional linguistic paradigm that undergirded the initiative placed emphasis on incorporating students' linguistic and experiential repertories in co construction of knowledge. This chapter concludes with recommendations for the field.
Design Thinking in Redesigning Business School Admission Process
Authors: Kalia Shalini , Nafees Lubna
Published: April 2019

Admissions are critical for any business school (B-school). A good school aims at a diverse participant mix who reflect a broad range of industries, functions, countries, and backgrounds to enrich the learning experience. Therefore, admissions or the intake process becomes crucial and decides the fate of both the school and students. This chapter maps the journey of the design thinking tools applied in redesigning of the admission process and its impact in context to a leading Indian B-school. This study has broader implications for B-schools in general as the model will help them understand the need of applying design-thinking techniques in redesigning new age admission strategies.
What Do Business Schools Expect From Aspirants During Recruitment?
Authors: Singh Amrita
Published: April 2019

This chapter will discuss the practices that business schools need to include/incorporate in their admission process. The contents of this chapter are relevant to business schools admitting students for undergraduate, postgraduate, and/or both programs. In this chapter, the author will elucidate various aspects that need to be considered by decision makers to help them achieve a wholistic outcome post the recruitment drive. Red flag areas which can result in stagnation or rigidity in the selection process and impact the overall quality of a cohort will also be highlighted. For the benefit of the reader the author has segregated the study into four different groups. Some areas may be general and relevant to business schools recruiting for both, undergraduate, and postgraduate studies, other areas may be more specific to a program or level of students.
Engaging Alumni in Branding, Admissions, and Recruitment
Authors: Bansal Ankit
Published: April 2019

With the ever-evolving nature of education, the functioning of a b-school and an alma mater's role in it has witnessed considerable change. B-schools today go beyond once in a while alumni get-togethers to include alumni in important decision making. The chapter examines various avenues through which a b-school leverages its alumni network specifically in its branding, admissions, and student placement efforts. Using alumni reaps benefits for the students and the schools in terms of a better connection with the school as well as the external environment. Continued association with the school has also proved to be an added advantage to an alumnus and his profile.
Digital Marketing Approaches for Generation Y to Position PhD or FPM Program
Authors: Jain Varsha
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of the changing needs of PhD or FPM program. The focus of its overview will extend to an exploration of the needs and demands of modern PhD or FPM programs. One of the first dimensions of this exploration is the nature of Generation Y students pursuing their PhD or FPM programs. One of the first insights this chapter offers is that this generation merges their knowledge requirements, consumption patterns, and social interactions. This merging happens in the context of digital devices and platforms for Generation Y. This merging is inclusive of their educational requirements. When they wish to pursue their educational goals, they seek the same criteria that they evaluate their either requirements on. These criteria are functionality, ease of access and aesthetics. Going on, the denizens of Generation Y seek to contribute as much on digital platforms as much as they receive. In the context of PhD or FPM programs, the students of Generation Y prefer to communicate with other users, experts, and influencers.