bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prostatitis‐like symptoms in Antioquia, Colombia using the National Institute of Health‐Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index
Authors: Puerta Suárez Jenniffer , Cardona Maya Walter Darío
Published: July 2022

The aim of the present study is to find the frequency of chronic prostatitis in Antioquia, Colombia. There are epidemiological gaps in this issue in the Colombian population. Chronic prostatitis is a prevalent disease with a high impact on life quality. The NIH‐Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH‐CPSI) is a commonly used 13‐item questionnaire to assess symptom severity in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. A validated Spanish version of the NIH‐CPSI questionnaire was distributed through social media and institutional e‐mails from the University of Antioquia database and other institutions in the Metropolitan Area. Of the distributed questionnaires, 2022 were filled. The vast majority of participants were students, teachers, and professionals. A frequency of 16.4% chronic prostatitis symptoms was observed, 10.1% of individuals had severe symptoms with a median age of 32 years, accompanied by perineal pain and ejaculatory symptoms. Using the NIH‐CPSI, the reported worldwide prevalence of chronic prostatitis is range between 1.8% and 65%. This report shows the disease's frequency in Colombia and Latin America for the first time. Chronic prostatitis is a frequent disease in the Antioquia population, with a high impact on the quality of life. Therefore, public health policies should be implemented focusing on men's health.
Less timely earnings announcements and voluntary disclosure
Authors: Cho Hyunkwon , Choi Sunhwa , Kim Robert
Published: July 2022

The release of earnings information has become less timely in recent years partly because firms increasingly disclose earnings concurrently with their periodic reports (e.g., 10‐Ks, 10‐Qs). We examine whether firms use voluntary disclosure to mitigate the negative economic consequences of less timely earnings announcements (EAs). We find that firms with less timely EAs are more likely to provide voluntary 8‐K filings over the period leading to the EA. We also find that investors’ demand for timely information, the nature of earnings news and litigation risk affect the extent to which firms provide voluntary disclosure to compensate for less timely EAs. The negative effect of less timely EAs on information asymmetry is attenuated when firms provide voluntary 8‐K filings prior to EAs. Overall, our findings suggest that firms voluntarily communicate with investors using voluntary disclosure when their EAs are less timely.
Pustular diseases and keratinocyte–myeloid synergy
Authors: Christophers E. , Schröder J. M.
Published: July 2022

Pustules are among the most common lesions produced in human skin. Infections by pathogens and drug‐induced reactions are frequent causes of pustule formation. In recent years immune‐mediated pustular diseases have drawn attention. It is proposed to classify pustular diseases according to the initiating events and sites: purely epidermal pustules, follicular pustules or pustules noted in autoinflammatory syndromes. The unifying pathology in all of the three categories is a microinvasion of activated neutrophils into epidermal or adnexal epithelia. Formation of pustules involves established IL‐17 / IL‐23, IL‐36 / IL‐36RN driven pathology, or IL‐1 /caspase‐activated autoinflammation. Pathophysiology demonstrates an intriguing synergy of keratinocytes with neutrophils. This is called keratinocyte–myeloid synergy (KMS). Non‐infectious pustules are formed by IFNα controlling the production of chemoattractants (IL‐8, LTB4) or induced by IL‐1‐regulated inflammasomes and caspase/ IFNβ‐induced chemotaxins. The presence of physical barriers, for example, cornified cell layers (str. corneum), is instrumental in establishing chemotactic gradients and blocking migrating neutrophils. In follicular KMS‐driven pustular disorders, in contrast to epidermal pustules, neutrophil‐mediated toxicity propagates lasting and expanding ulcerating diseases with increased levels of circulating immunoglobulin A (IgA). Complexed IgA is suggested to propagate ongoing pustular diseases. These are prerequisites essential for developing pustules in burdensome human skin diseases.
A study of pandemic and stigma effects in removal proceedings
Authors: Peacock Ian , Ryo Emily
Published: July 2022

This study examines how a rapid change in social perceptions of a national‐origin group triggered by the COVID‐19 pandemic influenced immigration judges' decision‐making in US removal proceedings. Using originally compiled court data on removal proceedings decided between 2019 and 2020, we applied a difference‐in‐differences framework to produce three key findings. First, consistent with theory of event stigma, Chinese respondents experienced a significantly higher removal rate during the early pandemic period. Second, consistent with theory of associative stigma, East and Southeast (E/SE) Asian respondents also experienced a significantly higher removal rate during the early pandemic period. Third, the removal rate declined for both Chinese and E/SE respondents during the later pandemic period, but this decline was more gradual and lagged for E/SE Asian than for Chinese respondents. Finally, increases in the number of cases involving Chinese respondents increased the removal rate for E/SE Asian respondents during the early months of the pandemic. The last two findings suggest that associative or indirect stigmatization may be harder to combat than direct stigmatization owing to the implicit nature of bias underlying associative stigma. This study highlights the socially constructed nature of national origin groups, and the importance of both direct and indirect stigmatization in the production of social inequality.
Association of breastfeeding with undernutrition among children under 5 years of age in developing countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mardani Raden Ahmad Dedy , Wu Wan‐Ru , Nhi Vo Thi , Huang Hui‐Chuan
Published: July 2022

Objective

This meta‐analysis was conducted to examine the association between breastfeeding and undernutrition among children under 5 years of age in developing countries.

Study design

Systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted of datasets from Embase, CINHAL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Indonesian databases to include eligible studies. Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis 3.0 statistical software was used to perform data entry and data analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from each study or were calculated based on the reported number of cases and controls in each study. Random‐effects models or fixed‐effects models were used to demonstrate overall risk estimates. A moderator analysis was conducted to examine possible moderators explaining the heterogeneity across studies.

Findings

In total, 33 studies were included which examined the association of breastfeeding with undernutrition. A random‐effects model showed that breastfeeding had inverse correlations with overall undernutrition (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.68, 0.99) and the stunting type of undernutrition (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.95). A moderator analysis showed that studies which included exclusive breastfeeding and unclear birth weights had low risks of overall undernutrition (p < 0.05). Moreover, studies which included exclusive breastfeeding and adopted a case–control study design exhibited a low risk of the stunting type of undernutrition (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Providing breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding can benefit children under 5 years of age in developing countries reduce overall undernutrition and the stunting type of undernutrition.

Clinical relevance

Healthcare professionals should develop and implement suitable strategies to increase awareness regarding the importance of breastfeeding and enhance breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding adherence.
Prognostic values of human epididymis protein 4 expression in patients with endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Han Li‐na , Han Yi‐wei , Yan Ping
Published: July 2022

Background

There is no consensus on the correlation between human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC). Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis to assess the relationship between HE4 and prognosis of EC.

Methods

In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, the databases were searched. Correlation of serum or tissue HE4 with clinicopathological characteristics was determined by odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI was calculated to evaluate the correlation between HE4 and survival outcome.

Results

A total of 38 published studies were eligible. We found that high levels of serum HE4 were associated with FIGO III‐IV stage (SMD = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.18–1.98, p < 0.001), grade 3 (SMD = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.39–0.93, p = 0.001), ≥50% myometrial invasion (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.58–0.99, p < 0.001), lymphovascular space invasion (SMD = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.54–1.11, p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (SMD = 1.27, 95%CI: 0.84–1.69, p < 0.001), cervical involvement (SMD = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.43–0.98, p = 0.003), parametrial involvement (SMD = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.71–1.35, p < 0.001) and peritoneal cytology (SMD = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.22–0.75, p < 0.001). High expression of tissue HE4 was only significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 6.19, 95%CI: 2.07–18.50, p = 0.001). High levels of serum HE4 were significantly associated with poor overall survival (univariate: HR = 3.77, 95%CI: 1.94–7.32, p < 0.001; multivariate: HR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.65–2.80, p < 0.001) and disease‐free survival (univariate: HR = 2.89, 95%CI: 2.14–3.88, p < 0.001; multivariate: HR = 2.31, 95%CI:1.20–2.67, p < 0.001) in EC. Compared with cancer antigen 125, serum HE4 may be a better prognostic indicator for EC.

Conclusions

High HE4 expression is associated with poor prognosis of EC and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for EC.
Carotid plaque surface echogenicity predicts cerebrovascular events: An Echographic Multicentric Swiss Study
Authors: Sztajzel Roman F , Engelter Stefan T , Bonati Leo H , Mono Marie‐Luise , Slezak Agnieska , Kurmann Rebekka , Nedeltchev Krassen , Gensicke Henrik , Traenka Christopher , Baumgartner Ralf W , Bonvin Christophe , Hirt Lorenz , Medlin Friedrich , Burow Annika , Kägi Georg , Kapauer Monika , Vehoff Jochen , Lovblad Karl O , Curtin Francois , Lyrer Philippe A
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose

To determine the prognostic value for ischemic stroke or transitory ischemic attack (TIA) of plaque surface echogenicity alone or combined to degree of stenosis in a Swiss multicenter cohort

Methods

Patients with ≥60% asymptomatic or ≥50% symptomatic carotid stenosis were included. Grey‐scale based colour mapping was obtained of the whole plaque and of its surface defined as the regions between the lumen and respectively 0‐0.5, 0–1, 0–1.5, and 0–2 mm of the outer border of the plaque. Red, yellow and green colour represented low, intermediate or high echogenicity. Proportion of red color on surface (PRCS) reflecting low echogenictiy was considered alone or combined to degree of stenosis (Risk index, RI).

Results

We included 205 asymptomatic and 54 symptomatic patients. During follow‐up (median/mean 24/27.7 months) 27 patients experienced stroke or TIA. In the asymptomatic group, RI ≥0.25 and PRCS ≥79% predicted stroke or TIA with a hazard ratio (HR) of respectively 8.7 p = 0.0001 and 10.2 p < 0.0001. In the symptomatic group RI ≥0.25 and PRCS ≥81% predicted stroke or TIA occurrence with a HR of respectively 6.1 p = 0.006 and 8.9 p = 0.001. The best surface parameter was located at 0‐0.5mm. Among variables including age, sex, degree of stenosis, stenosis progression, RI, PRCS, grey median scale values and clinical baseline status, only PRCS independently prognosticated stroke (p = 0.005).

Conclusion

In this pilot study including patients with at least moderate degree of carotid stenosis, PRCS (0‐0.5mm) alone or combined to degree of stenosis strongly predicted occurrence of subsequent cerebrovascular events.
Reviewing the intellectual structure of product modularization: Toward a common view and future research agenda
Authors: Mertens Kai G. , Rennpferdt Christoph , Greve Erik , Krause Dieter , Meyer Matthias
Published: July 2022

Product modularization in new product development has attracted considerable interest among scholars and practitioners from diverse fields of specialization. This has resulted in cross‐disciplinary diversity in the field, diverting attention from its overall intellectual structure and hindering the development of a common view and shared concepts. Extant research lacks an integrative review, transcending a focal discipline that could identify gaps and ambiguities while making recommendations to advance the field. Considering a period of 30 years (1990–2020), we generate a data set of 2988 citing publications to which we apply a co‐citation analysis. Thereby, we uncover the intellectual structure of the field and find three research perspectives that represent key knowledge bases: (1) product system, (2) production system, and (3) organizational system. Delimiting the data set into four periods, we can track developments over time, where we notice an increasing disintegration of the product system perspective, which is rooted in the discipline of engineering design. Within the two other perspectives, we document extensive dynamism in terms of publications, especially in the two most recent periods, indicating an active discussion and a potential receptivity to new trends. For these periods, we also identify an emerging cluster of fundamental publications and an increasing emphasis on the concept of system architecture. Leveraging the synthesis of these results, we forge links between neighboring disciplines and recommend avenues for further research, ideally to develop a more common view.
Investigating diverse sources of variation in the amount of time Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) pups spend in the water during the lactation period
Authors: Petch Shane M. , Rotella Jay J. , Link William A. , Paterson J. Terrill , Garrott Robert A.
Published: July 2022

Field observations suggest that time spent in the water by Weddell seal pups during lactation varies among individuals, which could yield important developmental tradeoffs. We analyzed data from 713 pups born to 419 different mothers over 9 years to evaluate total time in the water, age at first entry, and potential sources of variation using temperature loggers attached to the rear flipper of pups. Pups first entered the water at 11–29 days of age (M = 14.9) and spent 4–204 hr (M = 69.3) in the water by 30 days of age. Age at first entry was earlier for pups with higher birth mass and mothers of above average reproductive experience. Total time in the water was related to maternal identity and greater for female pups and for pups that had higher birth mass, mothers of intermediate age, mothers that skipped reproduction in the previous year, and for pups that first entered the water at younger ages. Phenotypic traits explain observed variation in the development of a key life history behavior in the Weddell seal. Strong individual variation in time spent in metabolically costly swimming and diving might lead to variation in growth, energy stores, and survival and fitness outcomes.
Live cells are not affected by dead sperm in liquid boar semen: New insights based on a thermo‐resistance test
Authors: Quirino Monike , Jakop Ulrike , Mellagi Ana Paula Gonçalves , Bortolozzo Fernando Pandolfo , Jung Markus , Schulze Martin
Published: July 2022

This study evaluated the effect of different proportions of dead spermatozoa on the quality of liquid boar semen during a thermo‐resistance test (TRT). After 3 days of storage (17°C), 54 conventional artificial insemination semen doses (~23 × 106 sperm/ml in ~88 ml of BTS) were split into three 15 ml‐treatments (25%, 50%, and 75% dead sperm cells) by mixing two subsamples containing 75% (I) and 0% (II) of live cells. Spermatozoa were evaluated after TRT at 30 (on‐test) and 300 min (off‐test) incubation at 38°C. At the on‐test, treatments of 25%, 50%, and 75% dead sperm cells showed medians for total sperm motility of 77.6%, 50.2%, and 25.6%, respectively. Considering the absolute variation of sperm motility during TRT, doses with 25% dead sperm lost more percentage points (pp) (−9.4 pp) compared to doses containing 50% (−8.2 pp) and 75% dead sperm (−4.5 pp). The lowest loss was observed for doses with 75% dead sperm (p < .01). However, data showed that treatments lost similar proportion of motile cells over the TRT: 25% dead sperm = −11.9%, 50% dead sperm = −16.0%, and 75% dead sperm = −17.5% (p = .31). Regarding the flow cytometry parameters (plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity of cells with intact plasma membrane, high degree of lipid disorder, and apoptotic cells), the absolute variations did not surpass values of −1.8, 3.4, −5.4, and 4.7 pp, respectively. Furthermore, the relative variation suggested that dead sperm did not substantially change their values over the TRT. In conclusion, dead sperm cells did not influence the quality of contemporary live cells during the period and in conditions of a TRT.
Genetic polymorphisms of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 in female elderly patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain
Authors: Campello Camilla Porto , Lima Elker Lene Santos , Fernandes Renata Silva Melo , Lemos Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo , Muniz Maria Tereza Cartaxo
Published: July 2022

Aim

To verify the association of the TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 polymorphisms with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain development in female elderly patients.

Methods

Participants were evaluated according to Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The genomic DNA was extracted from blood according to the Salting Out method followed by a quantification using the NanoDrop spectrophotometer. The –308G/A TNF‐α polymorphism analysis was performed by the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism technique, the determination of –174G/C IL‐6 polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction, and the evaluation of the –1082A/G IL‐10 polymorphism was carried out by polymerase chain reaction‐ allele‐specific amplification. Data were analyzed using the BioEstat 5.3 software.

Results

The –308G/A TNF‐α polymorphism showed a significant difference when genotypes of cases with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain and controls were compared (p = .025). There was a lack of association regarding the –174G/C IL‐6 polymorphism (p = .286) however, a positive association between the –1082A/G IL‐10 polymorphism with chronic temporomandibular disorder was observed (p = .020).

Conclusion

The analyzed data of elderly subjects support the possible involvement of the GA genotype of the –308G/A TNF‐α and the AA genotype of the –1082A/G IL‐10 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of chronic temporomandibular disorder pain.
Intraocular pressure estimates using rebound tonometry in juvenile northern bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus)
Authors: Spitznagel Katya , Sadar Miranda , Pucket Jonathan , Kanda Ian , Brandão João
Published: July 2022

Objective

To determine intraocular pressure (IOP) estimates using rebound tonometry in juvenile northern bobwhite quails.

Animals Studied

Eighteen, 28‐day‐old, wild caught, captive raised, northern bobwhite quails.

Procedures

Birds were manually restrained in sternal recumbency with two fingers placed below the head, applying minimal pressure. Following detailed ophthalmic examination by a board‐certified veterinary ophthalmologist, IOP was obtained via rebound tonometry using the Tonovet “P” setting for undefined species in animals without obvious ocular pathology. IOPs were estimated three times on each eye. The mean result of the three estimates was recorded for further analysis. Only readings with low or no reported error were recorded.

Results

No difference was detected between the eyes; therefore, a reference interval was calculated using both eyes. The overall IOP (n = 36 eyes) was 5.6 ± 1.2 mmHg (mean ± SD), the median was 6 mmHg, and the range was 2–7 mmHg. The 95% reference interval was 2.2–7.6 mmHg. All quails were ultimately released with no clinically appreciable abnormalities.

Conclusions

This study provides information on normal IOP values for juvenile northern bobwhite quails, which can be used to evaluate the ocular health of this species. Future studies with a larger number of animals are needed, as well as validation of the rebound tonometry method using direct manometry.
Use of Birth Control Products and Economic Welfare of Women: A Case Study of Amasaman Area Council, Accra, Ghana
Authors: Ayittey Hanny-Sherry
Published: July 2022

Use of birth control products and contraceptives could improve the economic welfare of women, arising from adequate spacing of child births and reduced financial pressure and lower stress on women having fewer and well maintained children. In order to interrogate this assertion, a quantitative survey-based study was conducted that involved a diverse and heterogeneous population of 400 randomly selected women in all 39 settlements of the Amasaman Area Council in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The first objective of this study was to analyze the factors which influenced the current use of birth control products and contraceptives. The second objective ascertained whether women who had ever used birth control products and contraceptives, at least once in their reproductive lifespans, had higher economic welfare than those who had never used these products at all. The results of the analysis showed that the likelihood of using birth control products and contraceptives declined with increasing income of the women. Students were less likely to use birth control products and contraceptives than non-students. However, the degree of awareness of these products was influential in increasing the likelihood of use of these products by students and higher-income women. Other variables which influenced the likelihood of use of birth control products and contraceptives included the perceived quality of reproductive health information and the quality of health services provided by nurses and doctors at clinics. It was established that women who had ever used birth control products and contraceptives, over their reproductive lifespans, had significantly higher incomes than those who had never used these products.
Review - GORDILLO, Agustín, La administración paralela. El parasistema jurídico administrativo [The parallel administration, the legal-administrative parasystem], 1st. edition, Madrid, Cívitas, 1982, reprint, Madrid, Cívitas, 1997, 2nd. edition, Buenos Aires, FDA, 2012.
Authors: Kurlat Aimar José Sebastián
Published: July 2022

Professor Gordillo presented this work several years ago, yet the current situation in which respect the parallel public administration in Argentina is still the same. Indeed, this review intends to shade some light on the subject of this book. As far as the objective targeted by the author, he suggests the existence of a parallel administration and proposes mechanisms to overcome it. His methods vary from sociology, anthropology and economy to administrative law and administrative sciences. Finally, his findings are related to the lack of public participation in the decision-making process within public administration.
Características de uso de terapias alternativas y complementarias en pacientes que consultan los servicios de reumatología de una EPS en Bogotá durante 2013 y 2014
Authors:   , Medina Velásquez Yimy Francisco
Published: July 2022

Determinar características de uso de las medicinas alternativas y complementarias. Diseño: Metodología de estudios mixtos. Lugar: Bogotá. Población: Pacientes de más de 16 años con enfermedades reumáticas de una entidad prestadora de salud del régimen contributivo. Intervención: Grupos focales y cuestionario estructurado. Medición: Entrevista a profundidad y estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: Se consulta con frecuencia a una gran variedad de medicinas estando consultando al reumatólogo y sin manifestárselo. Las motivaciones son múltiples. El dolor fue en lo más les ayudó.
Caracterización de la motivación y su relación con el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de primer semestre de medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Authors:   , Cortés Barré Michelle
Published: July 2022

Introducción: En el contexto de la educación médica son escasos los trabajos cualitativos que examinan en profundidad la experiencia motivacional de los estudiantes. Objetivo: Caracterizar la motivación académica y su relación con el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de primer semestre de medicina. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio multimétodo concurrente en estudiantes de primer semestre de medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Se realizaron encuestas y grupos focales al inicio, mitad y final del semestre. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas y variables sobre motivación y rendimiento académico. Resultados: Los participantes fueron en su mayoría mujeres (67,4%), con una edad media de 17,5 años. Los motivos para estudiar medicina fueron esencialmente altruistas. Al ingreso predominó la motivación intrínseca (69%). Hacia la mitad del semestre, el tipo de motivación cambió, principalmente hacia motivaciones menos autónomas, la intensidad de la motivación disminuyó en el 64,7% de los estudiantes, y el riesgo de depresión aumentó al 27%. A partir de la información cualitativa recolectada en los grupos focales se logró obtener una imagen completa de la vivencia motivacional de los estudiantes. Discusión: El ingreso a la universidad es un momento crítico que obliga al estudiante a ajustar su estilo de vida y método de estudio para adaptarse a la alta exigencia académica. Cuando la calificación obtenida no refleja el esfuerzo realizado, el estudiante puede entrar en un círculo de frustración y pérdida de confianza en sus capacidades. Los profesores debemos proveerle al estudiante experiencias académicas que fortalezcan su motivación intrínseca y su capacidad de introspección.
Evaluación de la receptividad endometrial por doppler en pacientes tratadas con técnicas de reproducción asistida
Authors:   , Borrero Cabrera Claudia
Published: July 2022

Estudio de cohorte concurrente de la cual se derivó un modelo predictivo de implantación en pacientes tratadas por técnicas de reproducción asistida. Se obtuvo una tasa global de embarazo de 42.3 % por ciclo. La presencia de 3 o más vasos subendometriales evaluados por doppler se asoció significativamente con la probabilidad de embarazo en pacientes sometidas a técnicas de reproducción asistida. En el análisis de regresión logística multivariado la edad de los óvulos, las dosis administradas de gonadotropinas, el número de embriones transferidos y el número de vasos subendometriales se asociaron positivamente con embarazo, y la interacción entre la edad del óvulo y las dosis gonadotropinas se asocio negativamente con embarazo.
Transformación digital en situaciones de crisis. Revisión de literatura usando modelado de temas y teoría fundamentada
Authors: Bohorquez-Lopez Victor Wilfredo
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza las publicaciones sobre transformación digital y crisis en la base de datos Scopus, identificando la evolución de los términos por año, y proponer una clasificación temática según los temas encontrados. La metodología tiene dos etapas principales: aplicar modelado de temas por año de publicación a resúmenes de artículos seleccionados; y aplicar teoría fundamentada para clasificar los temas generados. Los resultados revelan cinco temas investigados: crisis del conocimiento existente por transformación digital; cambios sociales, económicos y de negocio por transformación digital; nuevas herramientas para nuevos tiempos a nivel organizacional/social; COVID-19 como acelerador de transformación digital; y futuro del trabajo, de organizaciones y de sociedad post COVID-19.
Aerodynamic Analysis of Conventional and Boundary Layer Ingesting Propellers
Authors: Paula Costa Fabíola , Tomita Jesuíno Takachi , Silva Vinicius Tavares , Andersson Niklas , Grönstedt Tomas , Bringhenti Cleverson
Published: July 2022

The boundary layer ingestion (BLI) concept has emerged as a novel technology for reducing aircraft fuel consumption. Several studies designed BLI-fans for aircraft. BLI-propellers, although, have still received little attention, and the choice of open-rotors or ducted propellers is still an open question regarding the best performance. The blade design is also challenging because the BLI-propulsors ingest a nonuniform flow. These aspects emphasize further investigation of unducted and ducted BLI-propulsors and the use of optimization frameworks, coupled with computational fluid dynamics simulations, to design the propeller to adapt to the incoming flow. This paper uses a multi-objective NSGA-II optimization framework, coupled with three-dimensional RANS simulations and radial basis function (RBF) metamodeling, used for the design and optimization of three propeller configurations at cruise conditions: (a) conventional propeller operating in the freestream, (b) unducted BLI-propeller, and (c) ducted BLI-propeller, both ingesting the airframe boundary layer. The optimization results showed a significant increase in chord and a decrease in the blade angles in the BLI configurations, emphasizing that these geometric parameters optimization highly affects the BLI-blade design. The unducted BLI-propeller needs approximately 40% less shaft power than the conventional propeller to generate the same amount of propeller force. The ducted BLI-propeller needs even less power, 47%. The duct contributes to the tip vortex weakening, recovering the swirl, and turning into propeller force, as noticed from 80% of the blade span to the tip. However, the unducted and ducted BLI-configurations presented a higher backward force, 26% and 46%, respectively, compared to the conventional propeller, which can be detrimental and narrow the use of these configurations.
Behavior of Cell Flowing Over Oblique Microrectangular Groove
Authors: Hashimoto Shigehiro
Published: July 2022

Is it possible to distinguish cells with minimally invasive methods according to the characteristics of cells when moving through flow paths in vitro? A microflow-channel with microgrooves 45 deg diagonal to the mainstream direction has been manufactured by photolithography technology. The flow path between the two transparent polydimethylsiloxane disks (0.05 mm high, 1 mm wide, and 25 mm long) has rectangular microgrooves (4.5 μm deep, 0.2 mm long) at the bottom with variations in groove widths (0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, and 0.05 mm). Deformation and orientation of floating mouse-myoblasts (C2C12) during passage over the microgrooves were measured. Experimental results show that the larger the shape change of the two-dimensional projected image in the groove, the smaller the angle change tends to be. This method may be applicable to classification by cell deformation.
Valve Vibration Induced Intake Air Flow Dynamics Analysis Using Near Valve Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Shi Fenghao , Liu Mengqi , Hung David L. S. , Li Xuesong , Xu Min
Published: July 2022

The transient dynamics of air flow running through the moving intake valve gaps in combustion cylinders is crucial to the performance of spark-ignition direct-injection engines. However, research on the air flow behavior in the vicinity of valve exits is still limited. In this work, transient air flow characteristics of a custom-designed dual-valve system under the operating conditions of a fixed valve lift and a vibrating valve lift at two frequencies are experimentally investigated. The velocity vector field measured using planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) is first analyzed in time domain based on temporal mean and root-mean-square (RMS) values. Comparison of temporal mean flow fields reveals the difference in flow pattern while RMS represents the variation of intake air jet velocity along the inlet path of the vibration-affected jet. Instantaneous snapshots provide direct analysis of the valve vibration-induced intake air jet behavior. Furthermore, investigation in frequency domain extends insights into the dominant spectral components of flow structures. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) applied to every vector on the velocity field yields a vibration frequency affected zone (VFAZ), indicating the regions where the effect of valve vibration is significant. By employing dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method, the spatio-temporal PIV results are decomposed into modes with specific frequencies. Reconstructed flow field using modes with the valve operating frequency visually unveils a cyclic vortex structure near the valve exit. In summary, this study elucidates the mechanism of near-valve intake air flow impingement and interaction behavior induced by the valve vibrating motion.
Design and Experiment of a Prescribed-Time Trajectory Tracking Controller for a 7-DOF Robot Manipulator
Authors: Bertino Alexander , Naseradinmousavi Peiman , Krstic Miroslav
Published: July 2022

We present an analytical design and experimental verification of trajectory tracking control of a 7-DOF robot manipulator, which achieves convergence of all tracking errors to the origin within a finite terminal time, also referred to as the “settling time.” A key feature of this control strategy is that the settling time is explicitly assigned by the control designer to a value desired, or “prescribed” by the user and that the settling time is independent of the initial conditions and of the reference signal. In order to achieve this beneficial property with the controller, a scaling of the state by a function of time that grows unbounded toward the terminal time is employed. Through Lyapunov analysis, we first demonstrate that the proposed controller achieves regulation of all tracking errors within the prescribed time as well as the uniform boundedness of the joint torques, even in the presence of a matched, nonvanishing disturbance. Then, through both simulation and experiment, we demonstrate that the proposed controller is capable of converging to the desired trajectory within the prescribed time, despite large distance between the initial conditions and the reference trajectory, i.e., in spite of large initial tracking errors, and in spite of a sinusoidal disturbance being applied in each joint.
Experimental Study on the Wave Effect on Maneuvering Hydrodynamic Derivatives
Authors: Ma Chengqian , Ma Ning , Gu Xiechong
Published: July 2022

For maneuverability in waves, all the current theoretical methods rely on an unverified hypothesis that the hydrodynamic derivatives in waves are consistent with those in calm water. Many scholars attribute the errors between the predicted motions using the theoretical methods and the experimental motions to this irrational hypothesis. To explore the rationality of the hypothesis and improve the theoretical methods, the planar motion mechanism tests of KVLCC2 in calm water and regular head waves were carried out in the towing tank. Different components of the hull forces are obtained by the fast Fourier transform technique. Then, maneuvering hydrodynamic derivatives in calm water and head waves are calculated to assess the wave effect on them quantitatively. The results reveal that the wave effect on Yv′, Nr′ and the high-order derivatives are obvious, and the influence on Nr′ and Yv′ is small. This finding sheds light on the error of the earlier hypothesis and is conducive to the improvement of potential flow methods in the future.
A Simplified Model for Numerical Investigation of Bump-Type Foil Bearings Based on Contact Nonlinearity
Authors: Zhang Yan , Xiao Shuhong
Published: July 2022

The paper introduces a simplified structural model for the numerical investigation of bump-type foil bearings. This analytical model is based on an efficient nonlinear contact procedure with consideration of friction, small deformations, and elasticity. The bump foil is modeled with a truss structure, while the top foil uses two-dimensional (2D) beam elements. In this present model, the normal and tangential contact forces between the bump foil and the bearing sleeve and between the foils are dealt with the penalty method. Even for a simple loading, the contact state might change between separation, stick, and slip. To avoid convergence problems caused by discontinuity, the regularized smooth friction model is used instead of the Coulomb friction model. In addition, due to contact problems that depend on time are accompanied by nonlinear evolution, the solution of the system equation using the incremental iterative method and the Newton–Raphson method is presented. The deflection of the top foil is added to the film controlled by the Reynolds equation (RE) to obtain the air pressure distribution. The theoretical predictions of the rotor push-pull tests agree well with results from the literature, which verifies the validity of the model. Using this present model, the quasi-static behaviors of the foil structure are mainly discussed, and parametric studies concerning environmental pressure and radial clearance are also conducted.
New faunistical data on oribatid mites from the Maldives, with description of a new species of Aeroppia (Acari, Oribatida, Oppiidae) and a key to known species of the genus
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Joharchi Omid
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a list of 24 species of 24 genera and 14 families of soil-inhabiting oribatid mites (Oribatida) in Republic of Maldives. Aeroppia maldivesensis sp. nov. (Oppiidae) is described on the basis of adults. An identification key to all known species of the genus Aeroppia is provided.
Influence of thermal contact resistance on the field emission characteristics of a carbon nanotube
Authors: Ludwick Jonathan , Hernandez Nathaniel , Tripathi Geet , Cahay Marc , Back Tyson , Jensen Kevin L.
Published: July 2022

A recent algorithm developed by Tripathi et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 128, 025017 (2020); Erratum, J. Appl. Phys. 131, 169901 (2022)] is modified to study the effects of thermal contact resistance on the field emission (FE) properties of a carbon nanotube (CNT). The model takes into account the temperature dependence of the CNT electrical and thermal conductivities. The boundary condition proposed by Huang et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 7 (2004)] is used to include the effects of thermal contact resistance at a CNT/chuck interface located at x=0, i.e., Tc=T(x=0)=λπr2κ(Tc)(∂T/∂x)x=0+T0, where r is the CNT radius, κ(Tc) is the heat conduction coefficient at x=0, and λ is the thermal resistivity of the CNT/chuck interface. The chuck is assumed to be a perfect heat sink at temperature T0. For a given set of CNT parameters and values of the applied external electric field, it is shown that current constriction at the CNT/chuck contact point leads to self-heating effects which increase with the value of the thermal contact resistance, leading to an increase in the temperature profile along the CNT (including the temperature at its tip) and the FE current above their values obtained assuming the CNT/chuck interface is at the heat sink temperature T0. The fractional change of the emission current versus applied external electric field is calculated for increasing values of the parameter λ.
Metagenomes and Metagenome-Assembled Genomes from Microbiomes Metabolizing Thin Stillage from an Ethanol Biorefinery
Authors: Fortney Nathaniel W. , Myers Kevin S. , Ingle Abel T. , Walters Kevin A. , Scarborough Matthew J. , Donohue Timothy J. , Noguera Daniel R.
Published: July 2022

Here, we report the metagenomes from five anaerobic bioreactors, operated under different conditions, that were fed carbohydrate-rich thin stillage from a corn starch ethanol plant. The putative functions of the abundant taxa identified here will inform future studies of microbial communities involved in valorizing this and other low-value agroindustrial residues.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriophage vB_PaeP_PaCe
Authors: Cook Ryan , Darby Taylor , Roach Dwayne R.
Published: July 2022

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the virulent podovirus PaCe, which was isolated from wastewater in San Diego, California, using the host
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Its complete genome is 45,365 bp in length, with a GC content of 52.5%. PaCe belongs to the genus
Bruynoghevirus
in the class
Caudoviricetes
.
Metagenomes from Arctic Soil Microbial Communities from the Barrow Environmental Observatory, Utqiaġvik, AK, USA
Authors: Taş Neslihan , Dafflon Baptiste , Ulrich Craig , Wu Yuxin , Tringe Susannah G. , Jansson Janet K.
Published: July 2022

Here, we report 36 active-layer and 17 permafrost metagenomes from Utqiaġvik, AK, USA. Samples were collected from different topographical features and depths to study Arctic tundra microbiomes.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas protegens Strain MWU12-2233, Isolated from Wild Cranberry Fruit in Provincetown, Massachusetts
Authors: Wood Michelle , Soby Scott D.
Published: July 2022

Pseudomonas protegens
strain MWU12-2233 was isolated from wild cranberry fruit surfaces in Provincetown, MA. The genome contains putative hydrogen cyanide synthase and type VI secretion systems which can act symbiotically on plant health by suppressing competitors, indicating a role in indigenous microfloral disease and insect pest suppression.
Draft Genome Sequence of Nocardioides alcanivorans NGK65
T
, a Hexadecane-Degrading Bacterium
Authors: Bartholomäus Alexander , Lipus Daniel , Mitzscherling Julia , MacLean Joana , Wagner Dirk
Published: July 2022

The Gram-positive bacterium
Nocardioides alcanivorans
NGK65
T
was isolated from plastic-polluted soil and cultivated on medium with polyethylene as the single carbon source. Nanopore sequencing revealed the presence of candidate enzymes for the biodegradation of polyethylene. Here, we report the draft genome of this newly described member of the terrestrial plastisphere.
Time of Day for Harvest Affects the Fermentation Parameters, Bacterial Community, and Metabolic Characteristics of Sorghum-Sudangrass Hybrid Silage
Authors: Dong Zhihao , Li Junfeng , Wang Siran , Dong Dong , Shao Tao
Published: July 2022

Ensiling is a common way for preserving green forages worldwide. Silage fermentation quality can vary greatly depending on the chemical and microbial characteristics of forage crop being ensiled.
Relationships between Sphaerulina musiva Infection and the
Populus
Microbiome and Metabolome
Authors: Dove Nicholas C. , Carrell Alyssa A. , Engle Nancy L. , Klingeman Dawn M. , Rodriguez Miguel , Wahl Toni , Tschaplinski Timothy J. , Muchero Wellington , Schadt Christopher W. , Cregger Melissa A.
Published: July 2022

Poplar (
Populus
spp.) trees are ecologically and economically important trees throughout North America. However, many western North American poplar plantations are at risk due to the introduction of the nonnative fungal pathogen
Sphaerulina musiva
, which causes leaf spot and cankers, limiting their production.
Supplemental Material: Structure, chronology, kinematics, and geodynamics of tectonic extension in the greater Catalina metamorphic core complex, southeastern Arizona, USA
Authors: Spencer J.E. , al. et
Published: July 2022

Item S1: Mylonitic lineation and foliation data. Item S2: Summary of geochronologic dates and sources. Item S3: New U-Pb geochronologic data. 
A randomised trial comparing weaning from CPAP alone with weaning using heated humidified high flow nasal cannula in very preterm infants: the CHiPS study
Authors: Clements Joanne , Christensen Pernille M , Meyer Michael
Published: July 2022

Objective

To determine whether weaning from nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) using heated humidified high flow nasal cannula (nHF) was non-inferior to weaning using nCPAP alone in relation to time on respiratory support.

Study design

Single-centre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Setting

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Patients

120 preterm infants, <30 weeks’ gestation at birth, stable on nCPAP for at least 48 hours.

Interventions

Infants underwent stratified randomisation to nHF 6 L/min or bubble CPAP 6 cm water. In both groups, stepwise weaning of their respiratory support over 96 hours according to a strict weaning protocol was carried out.

Main outcome measures

Time on respiratory support from randomisation to 72 hours off respiratory support or 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. The non-inferiority threshold was set at 15%.

Results

59 infants were randomised to weaning using nHF and 61 using nCPAP. The groups were well balanced in regards to baseline demographics. The restricted mean duration of respiratory support following randomisation for the nCPAP group, using per-protocol analysis was 401 hours (upper boundary, mean plus 0.15, was 461 hours) and 375 hours in the nHF group (upper 95% CI 413 hours). nHF weaning was, therefore, non-inferior to nCPAP weaning at the non-inferiority threshold. There was no significant difference in time to discharge.

Conclusion

For infants ready to wean from nCPAP, the CHiPS study found that nHF was non-inferior to discontinuing nCPAP at 5 cm water.

Trial registration number

Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12615000077561).
Temporal trends and differences of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects: a longitudinal study from Umbria in Italy
Authors: Abraha Iosief , Eusebi Paolo , Germani Antonella , Pasquarelli Erica , Pascolini Sofia , Antonietti Rossana , Argenti Sandro , Fioravanti Alessandra , Martini Elisa , Aristei Luana , Mancinelli Paola , Ottaviani Maria Letizia , Roselli Martina , Barzacca Milena , Belardinelli Erika , Micheli Marta
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Dynamics of antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection are controversial in terms of immunity and persistence. We aimed to assess longitudinally the trend of antibody serological titres, their correlation with clinical severity as well as clinical reinfection during a follow-up.

Design

Longitudinal cohort, 12 months follow-up study.

Setting

USL Umbria 2.

Participants

Consecutive subjects aged 15–75 who were discharged with the diagnosis of Sars-Cov-2 from the hospitals of the AUSL Umbria 2, or resulted positive to a PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection with or without symptoms were recruited. SARS-CoV-2 serological testing for antibodies targeting the Nucleocapside and Spike proteins were determined.

Results

Of 184 eligible subjects, 149 were available for evaluation: 17 were classified as oligo/asymptomatic, 107 as symptomatic, 25 as hospital admitted. Participants differed in terms of signs and symptoms as well as treatment. Overall there was a significant difference in terms of antibody titres between groups (anti-S: p<0.00; anti-N: p=0.019). Median anti-S titres in the symptomatic and hospital admitted participants were significantly higher compared with the oligo/asymptomatic participants. During follow-up, the median titre of anti-S antibodies did not show significant variations (p=0.500) and the difference within groups remained constant overtime. Subjects that showed an anti-S titre above the threshold of 12 U/mL were 88.7% at first visit and 88.2% at last follow-up. Anti-N values were higher in the hospital admitted participants compared with the other two groups. Anti-N titre reduced constantly overtime (p<0.001) and across the three groups of participants. The percentage of the subjects with serological titre above threshold (<1.4 U/mL) decreased from 74.5%% to 29.2% (p<0.001). None of the participants developed clinically evident reinfection.

Conclusion

Anti-N and anti-S correlate well with clinical severity. While anti-N declines overtime, anti-S antibodies persist for at least 1 year.