bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The HPQ—Development and First Administration of a Questionnaire for Hypoparathyroid Patients
Authors: Wilde Deborah , Wilken Lara , Stamm Bettina , Blaschke Martina , Heppner Christina , Chavanon Mira‐Lynn , Leha Andreas , Herrmann‐Lingen Christoph , Siggelkow Heide
Published: October 2019

Hypoparathyroidism patients suffer a variety of complaints often leading to reduced quality of life. Currently, no specific standard instrument exists to measure corresponding disease manifestations. We therefore aimed to develop a disease‐characteristic questionnaire for hypoparathyroid patients. We used an analytical‐empirical approach for questionnaire construction based on retrospective analysis of four well‐established but non‐disease‐specific questionnaires (Symptom Checklist 90, revised [SCL‐90‐R]; Giessen Complaint List [GBB]; Short‐Form‐36 Health Survey [SF‐36]; von Zerssen Symptom List [B‐L Zerssen]) and two additional unpublished or local questionnaires (SHGdQ and GPQ) in a German hypoparathyroidism self‐help group (n = 60). Retrospective data were compared with corresponding general population norms. The new questionnaire was administered prospectively over 1 year to patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism and two control groups to validate specificity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability testing were applied to identify relevant scales and reduce overlapping items. In the self‐help group, SCL‐90‐R revealed elevated symptom load in four complaint areas (p = 0.003 to p < 0.001). The SF‐36 mental summary score (p < 0.001) and further scales were lowered. In the GBB, four of five scales (p = 0.009 to p < 0.001) were elevated. In the B‐L Zerssen, 6 of 24 items revealed complaint areas. Based on these findings, the new 40‐item “Hypoparathyroid Patient Questionnaire” (HPQ 40) was developed, tested prospectively, and further analyzed. EFA revealed five scales (pain and cramps, gastrointestinal symptoms, depression and anxiety, neurovegetative symptoms, loss of vitality), all with Cronbach's alpha >0.7. The questionnaire was revised accordingly and shortened to 28 questions to avoid redundancy. We present a new disease‐characteristic questionnaire for hypoparathyroidism patients. Prospective testing revealed five major complaint areas and promising psychometric properties. This questionnaire can be tested for usefulness in further clinical trials. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Calcium Supplement Use Is Associated With Less Bone Mineral Density Loss, But Does Not Lessen the Risk of Bone Fracture Across the Menopause Transition: Data From the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Bailey Regan L , Zou Peishan , Wallace Taylor C , McCabe George P , Craig Bruce A , Jun Shinyoung , Cauley Jane A , Weaver Connie M
Published: October 2019

Diet is a modifiable factor that is related to bone mass and risk for fractures; however, the use of calcium supplements for bone health is controversial, with little scientific agreement. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the change in lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD and the risk of bone fracture by the use of calcium supplements among the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) participants. SWAN is a multicenter, multiethnic, community‐based longitudinal cohort designed to examine the health of women across the menopause transition (n = 1490; aged 42 to 52 years at baseline in 1996 to 1997 and followed annually until 2006 to 2008). A mixed‐effect model for repeated measures was used to estimate annualized BMD change across time between supplement users and nonusers, unadjusted or fully adjusted (age, race, height, weight, menopausal status [pre‐, early peri‐, late peri‐, and postmenopausal], DXA scanner mode, alcohol intake, vitamin D supplement use, smoking, and physical activity) and a log‐linear model with repeated measures was used to estimate the relative risk of fracture by calcium supplement use. All models were also stratified by baseline menopausal status. In fully adjusted models, calcium supplement use was associated with less annualized loss of femoral neck BMD (−0.0032 versus −0.0040 g/cm2/year; p < .001) and lumbar spine BMD (−0.0046 versus −0.0053 g/cm2/year, p = 0.021) in the complete cohort. However, this protective association of calcium supplement use with BMD loss was significant only among premenopausal women (femoral neck: −0.0032 versus −0.0042 g/cm2/year; p = 0.002; lumbar spine: −0.0038 versus −0.0050 g/cm2/year, p = 0.001); no significant differences in BMD were observed among women who were early perimenopausal by calcium supplement use at baseline. No significant differences in the relative risk of fracture were observed, regardless of baseline menopausal status. The use of calcium supplements was associated with less BMD loss over more than a decade, but was not related to the risk of incident bone fracture across the menopause transition. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Prior restraint stress inhibits habituation to novel objects in the European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
Authors: de Bruijn Robert , Romero L. Michael
Published: October 2019

Animals often avoid novel objects, a behavior known as neophobia. We examined behavioral responses of captive European starlings to novel objects placed at their food dishes. Exposure occurred concurrently to food reintroduction following overnight fasting. Behavior was analyzed for 10 min via video recording. We expected an increase in avoidance behavior compared with trials in which food was reintroduced without a novel object. Seven of 10 novel objects increased latency to approach the dish. In contrast to our expectations, neither prior restraint nor exogenous corticosterone changed the neophobic response to novel objects. While exposure to a novel object increased approach latency, there was no additional effect of restraining animals in a cloth bag for 15 min before food reintroduction. Furthermore, the subcutaneous injection of corticosterone did not affect approach latency by itself, nor did it affect the response to a novel object. Finally, we expected repeated exposure to the same object to extinguishing the neophobic response, and that restraint stress would prevent habituation. Our results show that European starlings habituate rapidly to exposure to a novel object, as approach latency returned to baseline within three repeated exposures to the same object. When the repeated presentation of the object was combined with prior restraint, however, the latency to approach never returned to baseline. These results reveal that neophobia in starlings is object‐specific and that, while neither acute stress nor corticosterone directly affects the behavioral response to a novel object, acute stress appears to have a permissive effect on neophobia by inhibiting habituation.
One‐pot three‐component synthesis of novel 2‐(3‐nitro‐phenyl)‐quinazoline‐4‐carboxylic acid derivatives
Authors: Gok Dervis
Published: October 2019

A simple and easy synthesis of 2‐(3‐nitro‐phenyl)‐quinazoline‐4‐carboxylic acid (3) has been successfully developed through a one‐pot three‐component condensation reaction of (2‐amino‐phenyl)‐oxo‐acetic acid sodium salt (1) obtained from the hydrolysis of isatin with ammonium acetate and 3‐nitrobenzaldehyde. Some novel quinazoline‐ester derivatives 4‐7 were then obtained by the reaction between the new compound 3 and various alcohols. Then, quinazoline‐amide derivatives 10‐14 were synthesized from the reaction of various amines and 2‐(3‐nitro‐phenyl)‐quinazoline‐4‐carbonyl chloride (8), obtained by the reaction of compound 3 with SOCl2. Finally, some novel quinazoline‐azo derivatives 17‐19 were synthesized by the coupling reaction between β‐dicarbonyl compounds and the novel amino‐quinazoline derivative compound 15, obtained by reduction of nitro‐quinazoline derivative compound 11. Thus, a new series of quinazoline‐4‐carboxylic acid, ester, amide, and azo derivatives was synthesized and fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectrometry analysis.
Evaluation of image quality of pituitary dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI using time‐resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST) and iterative reconstruction TWIST (IT‐TWIST)
Authors: Yokota Yusuke , Fushimi Yasutaka , Okada Tomohisa , Fujimoto Koji , Oshima Sonoko , Nakajima Satoshi , Fujii Toshihito , Tanji Masahiro , Inagaki Nobuya , Miyamoto Susumu , Togashi Kaori
Published: October 2019

Background

Time‐resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST) is a keyhole imaging with frequent sampling of central k‐space data and view‐sharing for the peripheral k‐space of dynamic phases. IT‐TWIST is a technique to reconstruct images with a smaller temporal footprint using the same raw data obtained with TWIST by iterative reconstruction.

Purpose

To compare image quality between TWIST and IT‐TWIST in 3D pituitary DCE‐MRI.

Study Type

Retrospective observation study.

Population

Fifty‐one patients (23 men, 28 women) who underwent 3D pituitary DCE‐MRI using TWIST between July 2016 and April 2017.

Field Strength/Sequence

3T/TWIST and IT‐TWIST.

Assessment

Visual evaluation was conducted for image quality of delineation of the pituitary stalk and posterior lobe during the early arterial phase, cerebral white matter near the sella turcica, and the mass lesion. Bolus sharpness of the pituitary stalk, posterior lobe, and bilateral cavernous sinus was evaluated on the enhancement slope map calculated from TWIST and IT‐TWIST. Temporal stability of intensity of the nonenhanced area was evaluated on temporal standard deviation (SD) maps calculated from TWIST and IT‐TWIST.

Statistical Tests

Paired t‐test or Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was used to test the differences between TWIST and IT‐TWIST in both visual evaluation and region of interest evaluation.

Results

Scores of visual evaluations for IT‐TWIST were significantly better than those for TWIST (P < 0.001) in all items. Enhancement slope for IT‐TWIST was significantly higher than that for TWIST in posterior lobe, and right and left cavernous sinus (P < 0.001). Temporal SD for IT‐TWIST was significantly lower than that for TWIST in all items, with statistical significance (P < 0.001).

Data Conclusion

IT‐TWIST yielded better visualization, and better enhancement slope, and less temporal SD compared with TWIST in 3D pituitary DCE‐MRI.

Evidence Level: 4

Technical Efficacy: Stage 1

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1497–1506.
Orthonormal Bernoulli polynomials collocation approach for solving stochastic Itô‐Volterra integral equations of Abel type
Authors: Samadyar Nasrin , Mirzaee Farshid
Published: October 2019

In this paper, orthonormal Bernoulli collocation method has been developed to obtain the approximate solution of linear singular stochastic Itô‐Volterra integral equations. By applying this method, linear stochastic integral equation converts to linear system of algebraic equations. This system is achieved by approximating functions that appear in the stochastic integral equations by using orthonormal Bernoulli polynomials (OBPs) and then substituting these approximations into consideration equation. This linear system of algebraic equations can be solved via an appropriate numerical method and approximate solution of integral equation is obtained. A main advantage of this technique is that the condition number of the coefficient matrix of the system is small, which verify that THE proposed method is stable. Also, convergence and error analysis of the present method are discussed. Finally, two examples are given to show the pertinent properties, applicability, and accuracy of the present method.
Cover Image, Volume 99, Issue 14
Authors: Siebert Mareike , Berger Ralf Günter , Pfeiffer Franziska
Published: October 2019

The cover image is based on the Short Communication Hydrolysis of chlorogenic acid in apple juice using a p‐coumaryl esterase of Rhizoctonia solani by Mareike Siebert et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9940.

image
Temperature effects on retention and efficiency of butyl and lauryl acrylate porous polymer monoliths in capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Daniels Charlisa R. , Waguespack Brent L. , Hodges Slade A. , Bushey Michelle M.
Published: October 2019

The development of organic porous polymer monoliths represents an alternative approach to stationary phase design. The use of these materials has helped to rekindle interest in capillary electrochromatography. Although a large number of investigations have explored different monolith recipes, polymerization conditions, and application challenges, few investigations have addressed the fundamentals of this separation mode with this type of material. This study addresses the thermodynamics of the reversed phase retention mechanism on 100% butyl acrylate and 1:3 butyl:lauryl acrylate (volume/volume ratio) porous polymer monoliths used in a capillary electrochromatography mode. Linear van't Hoff plots yield enthalpies of retention of −3.9 to −14.3 kJ/mol on two different, but related columns for five selected hydrophobic analytes across a thirty degree temperature range. Minimum plate heights were only moderately impacted over this temperature range.
An Empirical Crosswalk for the PTSD Checklist: Translating DSM‐IV to DSM‐5 Using a Veteran Sample
Authors: Moshier Samantha J. , Lee Daniel J. , Bovin Michelle J. , Gauthier Gabrielle , Zax Alexandra , Rosen Raymond C. , Keane Terence M. , Marx Brian P.
Published: October 2019

The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) introduced numerous revisions to the fourth edition's (DSM‐IV) criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), posing a challenge to clinicians and researchers who wish to assess PTSD symptoms continuously over time. The aim of this study was to develop a crosswalk between the DSM‐IV and DSM‐5 versions of the PTSD Checklist (PCL), a widely used self‐rated measure of PTSD symptom severity. Participants were 1,003 U.S. veterans (58.7% with PTSD) who completed the PCL for DSM‐IV (the PCL‐C) and DSM‐5 (the PCL‐5) during their participation in an ongoing longitudinal registry study. In a randomly selected training sample (n = 800), we used equipercentile equating with loglinear smoothing to compute a “crosswalk” between PCL‐C and PCL‐5 scores. We evaluated the correspondence between the crosswalk‐determined predicted scores and observed PCL‐5 scores in the remaining validation sample (n = 203). The results showed strong correspondence between crosswalk‐predicted PCL‐5 scores and observed PCL‐5 scores in the validation sample, ICC = .96. Predicted PCL‐5 scores performed comparably to observed PCL‐5 scores when examining their agreement with PTSD diagnosis ascertained by clinical interview: predicted PCL‐5, κ = 0.57; observed PCL‐5, κ = 0.59. Subsample comparisons indicated that the crosswalk's accuracy did not differ across characteristics including gender, age, racial minority status, and PTSD status. The results support the validity of this newly developed PCL‐C to PCL‐5 crosswalk in a veteran sample, providing a tool with which to interpret and translate scores across the two measures.
Evaluation of Cervical Elastography for Prediction of Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low‐Risk Women: A Prospective Study
Authors: Du Liu , Zhang Li‐He , Zheng Qiao , Xie Hong‐Ning , Gu Yu‐Jun , Lin Mei‐Fang , Wu Li‐Hong
Published: October 2019

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine whether cervical elastographic parameters in addition to cervical length (CL) during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy would be predictive of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) among low‐risk women.

Methods

This work was a prospective nested case‐control study evaluating cervical elastographic parameters and CL in low‐risk women during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to calculate significant covariates for prediction of sPTB. The area under the curve of the prediction model was calculated by using a receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

There were 286 women (26 cases and 260 controls) included in the analysis. The parameters of cervical elasticity became softened and heterogeneous during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy in both women with and without sPTB. The differences in the mean strain value at the internal os of the cervix (IOS), ratio (strain ratio of the internal os to the external os) during the second trimester and the IOS during the third trimester between the groups had statistical significance (P < .01; P = .01; P < .01, respectively). The CL had no association with sPTB during the 3 trimesters. The IOS during the second trimester was a better predictor of sPTB, with an area under the curve of 0.730, and sensitivity was 72.73%.

Conclusions

We observed multiple elastographic parameters and demonstrated the physiologic changes in the cervix during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy. Furthermore, we found that the IOS during the second trimester can be helpful in predicting sPTB. However, the CL had no association with sPTB during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy.
X‐Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Mimicking Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Authors: Ciarlariello Vinícius Boaratti , de Freitas Júlian Letícia , Pedroso José Luiz , Barsottini Orlando G. P.
Published: October 2019

View Supplementary Video 1
The expression of human leukocyte antigen by human ejaculated spermatozoa
Authors: Sereshki Nasrin , Andalib Alireza , Ghahiri Ataollah , Mehrabian Ferdos , Sherkat Roya , Rezaei Abbas , Wilkinson David
Published: October 2019

Background

After coitus and insemination, an inflammatory response is evident in the female reproductive tract (FRT). Semen contains a variety of immune‐activating components that have a major role in the induction of an immune response in the FRT. One of the most important is (human leukocyte antigen) HLA molecules which are present in soluble form in seminal plasma and in membrane form on the surface of cells (such as epithelial and leukocytes) existing in semen. Nevertheless, there is considerable debate over the expression of HLA antigens by human spermatozoa. Considering the critical role of HLA molecules in reproduction and the induction of an immune response, it is very important to clearly define HLA expression by spermatozoa and the role of these molecules in sperm morphology, motility, and strength to fertilize an egg. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine HLA expression by ejaculated spermatozoa. The results of this study will facilitate the design of future studies.

Method

Semen samples were collected from 50 healthy men with normal semen status by masturbation after 2–3 days of sexual abstinence. After purification of normal spermatozoa, HLA class I & II expression was evaluated by quantitative real‐time PCR and flow cytometry methods.

Results

The results showed the expression of both HLA class I & class II by spermatozoa. The results also showed that the expression of HLA class Ⅱ was significantly more than HLA class Ⅰ.

Conclusion

Spermatozoa express both HLA class I & class II molecules.
Individual variation in simulated fetal SAR assessed in multiple body models
Authors: Abaci Turk Esra , Yetisir Filiz , Adalsteinsson Elfar , Gagoski Borjan , Guerin Bastien , Grant P. Ellen , Wald Lawrence L.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

We generate 12 models from 4 pregnant individuals to evaluate individual differences in local specific absorption rate (SAR) for differing body habitus and fetal and maternal positions.

Methods

Structural MR images from 4 pregnant subjects (including supine and left‐lateral maternal positions) were manually segmented to create 12 body models by rotating the fetus, modifying the fat content, and altering the maternal arm position in 1 of the subjects. Electromagnetic simulations modeled at 3 Tesla determined the average and peak local SAR in the maternal trunk, fetus, fetal brain, and amniotic fluid.

Results

We observed a significant range of fetal and maternal peak local SAR across the models (maternal trunk: 19.14‐44.03 watts/kg, fetus: 9.93‐18.79 watts/kg, fetal brain 3.36‐10.3 watts/kg). We found that maternal body habitus changes introduced a significant variation in the maternal peak local SAR but not the fetal local SAR. However, the maternal position (either rotating the mother to left–lateral position or altering the arm position) introduced changes in fetal peak local SAR (range: 11.9‐17.9 watts/kg). Rotating the fetus also introduced variation in the fetal and fetal brain peak local SAR.

Conclusion

The observed variation in SAR emphasizes the need for more anatomical models to enable better safety management of individuals during fetal MRI, including a wider range of gestational ages.
Wrathful Ancestors, Corporate Sorcerers: Rituals gone Rogue in Merauke, West Papua
Authors: Chao Sophie
Published: October 2019

Anthropological studies of ritual ‘failure’ challenge the assumed efficacy of ritual in affirming the social order. Drawing from fieldwork in West Papua, I examine the ‘failure’ and ‘success’ of two rain‐making ceremonies – one hosted by an indigenous Marind expert, the other by an Indonesian oil palm corporation. Participants conceived the failure of the first ritual as a punishment meted by ancestral spirits against Marind who support agribusiness expansion. Meanwhile, the success of the corporate ceremony confirmed rumours that corporations wield foreign and powerful forms of sorcery. Drawing on Gregory Bateson's notion of the double bind, I suggest that the ritual outcomes dramatize the irreconcilable demands placed on Marind by custom and capitalism. Attempts to endorse agribusiness incur ancestral punishment, while efforts to oppose it are thwarted by the superior power of corporate sorcerers. In this context, I argue, the moral implications of the corporate ritual's unexpected ‘success’ prove just as problematic as those of the customary ritual's dramatic ‘failure’. Co‐opted yet efficacious, corporate rituals point to a new social order in which both Marind and their ancestral spirits find themselves subjected to foreign sources of supernatural control.
Crystalline Films of L‐Threonine Complexed with Copper (II) Dispersed in a Galactomannan Solution: A Structural, Vibrational, and Thermal Study
Authors: Oliveira Neto João G. , Cavalcante Lincoln A. , Gomes Eduardo S. , Dos Santos Adenilson O. , Sousa Francisco F , Mendes Fernando , Macêdo Ana Angélica M
Published: October 2019

The study's aim was to synthesize a crystalline film formed by L‐threonine crystals complexed with Cu2+ ions (LTCu) dispersed in a galactomannan (Gal) solution as well as to characterize its structural, vibrational, and thermal properties. Gal(LTCu) films were prepared by the addition of copper II L‐threoninate crystals in concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 in 2% Gal solution. To characterize the Gal(LTCu) properties, we used X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and thermal analyses (TG‐DTA). XRD showed that the Gal(LTCu) films are crystalline and have acquired coloration similar to the one of LTCu crystal. The UV–Vis spectra revealed that the films tend to assume a square planar conformation due to Jahn Teller effect. Bands related to the interaction between the metal ion with the organic compounds were observed through the Raman spectra. TG‐DTA showed that the films exhibit low thermal stability due to the dehydration process. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:71–77, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
Processing Fiber‐Reinforced Polymers: Specific Wear Phenomena Caused by Filler Materials
Authors: Blutmager Andreas , Spahn Thomas , Varga Markus , Friesenbichler Walter , Riedl Helmut , Mayrhofer Paul Heinz
Published: October 2019

Fiber‐reinforced polymers allow for the implementation of plastic materials in structural components. However, increasing incorporation of fibers up to 50 wt% causes accelerated component wear in injection molding machines. In particular, the barrel and screw in the compression zone suffer from increased wear. The abrasive fibers of the compacted polymer pellets in the solid bed protrude from the surfaces of the resin having an abrasive, brush‐like behavior. A modified pin‐on‐disk testing system with specially designed polymer pins was used to emulate the described tribological system in laboratory scale. Through varying contact pressure, temperature, and surface modifications of the counterparts (blank or coated powder‐metallurgical steel), abrasive wear as observed in industrial‐sized extruder screws could be successfully simulated on a laboratory‐scale testing system. Detailed investigations of the pins and disks highlighted that the glass fibers plow and cut the surface leading to abrasion as observed in the real field application. Temperature has been proven to be the most decisive driving force. Surface modifications such as protective physical vapor‐deposited CrN coatings are effective against abrasive wear, clearly outperforming untreated steels. The presented pin‐on‐disk‐test setup will improve screening of materials for extruders, thus enhancing the durability of injection molding machines. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:78–85, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
Toward effective use and balance: Investigating pros and cons of smartphone use in an interview study
Authors: Agarwal Naresh Kumar , Lu Wenqing
Published: October 2019

A large number of people spend a major part of their days staring at their smartphone screens. The objective of this poster is to study smartphone use and its positive and negative effects, and to provide recommendations for balanced use. We interviewed 20 female and 4 male participants. Ease of communication and multitasking are the key benefits, and overuse and disconnect from real world are the detriments in smartphone use. We propose the Yin‐Yang framework of smartphone use, and provide recommendations for effective usage.
Investigating wisdom: Call for research
Authors: Allen Jeff , Khader Malak , Rosellini Amy
Published: October 2019

This study aims to address the gap in understanding “wisdom” as it relates to Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (DIKW) Model/Hierarchy and the information science discipline. Disciplines like data science, information science, and knowledge management study wisdom without defining it. This study identifies the definition of the term wisdom within the information science discipline.
Are invalid patents still cited?
Authors: Dong Huei‐Ru , Chen Dar‐Zen , Huang Mu‐Hsuan
Published: October 2019

Patents contain reference citations. However, unlike journal papers, patents may become invalid if they are not maintained or have expired. This study determines whether invalid patents are still cited. We collected telecommunications patents as a sample to compare the citations of valid and invalid patents. The results indicated that approximately 50% of cited patents were invalid. Furthermore, the citations per patent of invalid patents were fewer than those of valid ones. Nevertheless, the citations per patent of invalid patents were reduced 5.21, and nearly 5% of the patents were cited only after they became invalid.
Tourists' social interactions on social media during a group trip planning
Authors: Fardous Jannatul , Du Jia Tina
Published: October 2019

This paper explores the motivations for employing social interactions on social media during collaborative information seeking (CIS) in group trip planning. We conducted interviews with nine groups of tourists. The analysis identified three motivations for employing social interactions on social media while planning a group trip: finding and gathering information, scheduling the trip‐related activities, and cross‐checking of ideas. The findings also suggest that such interactions on social media contribute to group trip planning through improving the productivity of group information seeking and making better group trip planning.
Book or screen? a preliminary study on preschool children's reading and ICT using behaviors
Authors: Han Yanfang , Yan Hui
Published: October 2019

Question: Due to the ubiquity of various newly emerging information and communication technologies (ICT), numerous preschoolers have obvious preferences toward electronic devices and interfaces over printed books. Given that excessive exposure to screen usually result in problems in both physical and psychological aspects, it is essential to have a brief overview of the preschoolers' reading and ICT using behavior and a deeper understanding on how parental factors affect children with respect to their reading and ICT using behaviors.Methods: In‐depth interview is employed in this study, the sample of which includes forty parents of twenty preschool children aged from 1.5 years to 6 years. Then we analyzed the data with the means of text coding and correlation analysis.Findings: There was a negative association between child's reading time and screen‐viewing time. The same result occurred among parental reading and ICT behavior. Reading time duration of parents was correlated with that of preschool children. As for ICT using, preschool children frequently learnt from mothers' ICT activities, instead of fathers'.
Affording cross‐cultural access to visualized cultural collections: A preliminary case study of e‐dunhuang
Authors: Hu Xiao , Shan Jia , Chen Jing , Downie J. Stephen
Published: October 2019

E‐Dunhuang is a visual material centered digital library of a UNESCO world heritage. This study aims to identify how users in different cultural backgrounds seek and use cultural heritage information on e‐Dunhuang, as well as their perceptions and opinions toward that. As a preliminary report, this poster focuses on the visual content (i.e. images, panorama) of e‐Dunhuang, which is arguably the most prominent component in this platform. Results of usability tests and follow‐up interviews reveal that users had polarized opinions. The findings can inform cross‐cultural access to cultural heritage collections dominant with visual content.
How is knowledge management represented in library and information science research?
Authors: Islam Md Anwarul , Agarwal Naresh Kumar
Published: October 2019

Research published during the last two decades has frequently discussed how Knowledge Management (KM) is important for libraries. However, we do not know the extent to which KM forms a part of Library and Information Science (LIS) research. In this study, we looked for KM articles published in top LIS journals since 2000. We analyzed publication trends, and the distribution of articles by KM‐related terms used, region/country and information‐setting type. We also identified the top‐cited KM articles published in these LIS journals. 672 KM‐related articles (only 3.84%) were found within the 17,491 articles published in these LIS journals. This low percentage shows that while it might seem like LIS people are advocating for KM in libraries and other information settings, we find that despite the synergies, KM is yet to find a broader place within other LIS concerns.
“For the benefit of all students”: Student trust in higher education learning analytics practices
Authors: Jones Kyle M. L. , Afnan Tanisha
Published: October 2019

Learning analytics is a sociotechnical practice that seeks new insights from mining and analyzing student data. As new flows of student data emerge and granular information about student life becomes more accessible, there is a growing call to address student privacy and related issues. This poster reports emerging results from over 100 interviews with undergraduate students regarding their privacy perceptions especially with regard to trust.
Toward computational reproducibility: A doctoral student's story of passing the baton
Authors: Kim Jenna , Blake Catherine , Darch Peter T.
Published: October 2019

Computational reproducibility is a critical first step to supporting data reuse. Incentives that encourage data reuse within an academic setting are unlikely to be compelling for students who decide not to continue in academe. The goal of this work is to identify key barriers in the most likely of scenarios with computational reuse, when a doctoral student reproduces work done by another student from the same lab.
A gap analysis of survivorship terminology: Knowledge resources versus literature usage
Authors: Blake Catherine , Kim Jenna , Mathur Milind , Aggarwal Akanksha
Published: October 2019

Survivorship is arguably the most important endpoint in a cancer clinical trial. Our goal is to compare the extent to which survivorship concepts within existing medical knowledge resources adequately capture how authors describe survivorship when reporting the inclusion criterion and outcomes from studies of 5 breast cancer treatments. Results show that MESH and the NCI thesauri provide good coverage with respect to set of core survivorship concepts that appear frequently in text; further work, however, is required to account for modifiers used by authors so that noun phrases in literature are accurately aligned with the corresponding concept in a given ontology.
Argumentation model of WeChat group chat: Evidence from content analysis with inductive coding
Authors: Lai Jiyao , Han Yuzhe , Zhang Pengyi
Published: October 2019

Argumentation, the act of defending one's inherent knowledge or views through speech expression, is a kind of widespread information expression and communication behavior. In this poster, we aim to explore the characteristics and patterns of argumentation in social media to examine basic rules the patterns follow by conducting content analysis of the transcript of a WeChat Group Chat. We build a theoretical model of argumentation behavior in mobile social media using the inductive coding and find that social media has a great influence on argumentation.
Questions or questioners: Factors affecting response quantity on academic social Q&A sites
Authors: Li Lei , Huang Kun , Ye Edwin Mouda , Zhang Chengzhi
Published: October 2019

With the continuous development of academic social network sites, academic social Q&A platforms have also become a venue for scholars to obtain academic information. This study explores the factors that influence the response quantity for questions on an academic social Q&A platform. Using 130 questions from the library and information services domain on ResearchGate Q&A, we adopt content analysis and multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the relationship between question characteristics and response quantity. We find that, for academic questions, the questioner's authority does not affect response quantity but questions that provide academic resources and contain fewer personal opinions from the questioner tend to attract more answers.
How do university data services present their collection and reference service information on the web?
Authors: Lin Chi‐Shiou , Wang Yi‐Yu
Published: October 2019

This poster describes how 83 university data services in three English speaking countries present their collection and reference services information on their Web sites. The information on the Web constitutes the first step toward data awareness. Our analysis shows that both collection and reference services information can be further enriched to facilitate data visibility and data reuses.
Proactive identification of query failure
Authors: Liu Jiqun , Shah Chirag
Published: October 2019

When a user fails to find any useful information to support the task at hand after issuing a query, the user experiences a query failure. Since users possess limited cognitive resources, query failures often lead to user frustration as no clear benefit is obtained from the associated search interactions. Therefore, to improve users' search experiences, we conducted a controlled‐lab study with 40 participants, seeking to explore the extent to which query failures can be proactively identified before users start examining the retrieved results. Specifically, based on the data collected from 693 query segments generated in 80 search sessions, we used past search behaviors and current query attributes as features to build classifiers and examined the performance in capturing query failures. We report that (1) analytics algorithms utilizing past search behavioral data have significantly better performances than the baseline model in tasks of different types, and (2) The knowledge of users' search intentions can help improve the performance of the prediction model. Results pave way for developing proactive system supports for task‐based search interactions.
A comparative study of online news use by young adults in Canada and Japan
Authors: Matsubayashi Mamiko , Freund Luanne
Published: October 2019

This paper reports on a comparative survey of online news use and perceptions of trust in Canada and Japan among young university educated adults. Results indicate that information use patterns are broadly consistent, with some differences by gender and country. Notably, young adults report heavy reliance upon social media channels as sources of online news, despite consistently low levels of trust for this type of content.
Between informative and esthetic: A user study of content and visualization on government data dashboards
Authors: Sie Liang‐Yu , Jeng Wei
Published: October 2019

This preliminary study aims to explore users' perceptions of and experiences with using government dashboards, accomplished by conducting experiments and interviews with eight participants. The results reveal that participants prefer information related to their lives and the government's performance on data dashboards. Confusing jargon on data dashboards is an obstacle that prevents users from understanding data visualizations. We also found that effective conveying of information does not always correlate with participants' preference of a data dashboard design. This study also suggests that participants are unclear about the role of government dashboards.
Service mode selection strategy for resource‐constrained content service providers
Authors: Sun Mengting , Ding Jingjia , Yuan Xiaoqun
Published: October 2019

This poster deals with the service schemes of Content Service Providers (CSPs) with limited service resources by proposing a service mode selection strategy. In this poster, content service modes of resource‐constrained CSPs are roughly but practically separated into three categories according to their collaborative relationship with other resource providers: Self‐service, Delegation service and Cooperation service. Then the service mode selection problem is formulated as a profit optimization problem from the service chain perspective, and the optimal service mode selection strategy is deduced. The experiment results show that compared with the fixed λ service strategy applied in real world, our strategy can improve the service profits significantly.
How socio‐culture impact the information behavior of Chinese urban newcomers
Authors: Sun Honglei , Zheng Jianming , Wang Meng , Chen Ya
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, migrants have become the majority population of some Chinese cities, rather than a vulnerable group in the coming information society. To gain a better understanding of urban newcomers' information behavior, we interviewed 13 newcomers in China and employed grounded theory to explore how socio‐cultural factors impact their information behavior. The preliminary findings show that information behavior of urban newcomers may be influenced by a complex cultural framework involving cultural integration, social integration, and cognitive value. Based on the qualitative analysis, we propose a theoretical model to understand the inner relationship, which may also yield practical implications on Chinese urban newcomers' information practices.
Considering “atmosphere” in facilitating information seeking by people with invisible disabilities in public libraries
Authors: Muir Rebecca , Thompson Kim M. , Qayyum Asim
Published: October 2019

Twenty percent of Australians reported having a disability in 2015. Disability may occur at any time during the lifespan, however most disabilities are invisible. When a disability is invisible, or not immediately apparent to an outsider, individuals may need to self‐identify to access inclusive services, or accommodation may never be offered at all. When the perceived number of information seekers with a disability is low, information organizations may deem services unnecessary. Considering information access is a human right, information service providers and researchers need to seek low cost and low effort ways to facilitate information access and information seeking behaviors. The research question was “how does the ambience, security, and mores (conceptualized as “atmosphere”) of information services facilitate, or create barriers to, information seeking by people with an invisible disability?”. Data from 23 semi‐structured qualitative interviews were analyzed to explore the experiences of people with an invisible disability as current or prospective library users.
“I don't understand it so it can't be good”: Users' acg domain expertise and perceived quality of video tags
Authors: Tong Liuyi , Lin Hui , Zhang Pengyi
Published: October 2019

Tag quality is an important factor to the success of social tagging systems and platforms. Users' domain expertise may influence they perceive tag quality. This study aims to explore how users of different domain experience (frequent user, occasional user, and non‐user) perceive the quality of the same tags. We examined an online video community, Bilibili, which specializes in Anime, Comic and Games (ACG) subculture. We asked 60 users to watch 15 videos and rate the 95 tags of these videos, and found that: 1) Users with more domain expertise give higher ratings for tags' relevance to the videos and their retrieval value; 2) Occasional users have the lowest understandability rating, followed by non‐users, and frequent users; 3) users think high‐frequency tags are less suitable for retrieval. These results may provide insights to high quality tag selection for personalized recommendation and retrieval.
Gender bias in invention
Authors: Wang Yukai , Yang Zhongkai , Wang Xianwen
Published: October 2019

Gender bias exists not only throughout society but also in inventing. In this study, we identify the gender of 15,752,108 inventor in USPTO to analyze gender bias in invent. There are 3,525,055 invent teams led by male inventors (who are named first on the patent), and 435,341 invent teams led by female inventors. Even through the invent teams led by male are more than those of female, gender bias is also in the invent teams led by female. Specifically, the proportion of the joint inventor of female (20.4%) is 8.4% higher than that of male (12.0%) in the invent teams led by female. Moreover, the actual proportion of the joint inventor of female (20.4%) is 7.5% higher than that of expected (12.9%). Besides, the average number of joint female inventors are 0.24 more than that of joint male inventors in the female‐led invent teams.
Extracting method knowledge elements from scientific literature: A rule‐based approach
Authors: Wang Zhongyi , Shen Xueying , Huang Rong , Huang Jing
Published: October 2019

Knowledge elements are the basic unit of knowledge. Extracting knowledge elements from literatures enables granular knowledge organization and retrieval. This paper proposes a rule‐based framework for extracting method Knowledge Elements (KEs) in scientific literature aiming to improve the accuracy and complete extraction of method KEs. The method is divided into two stages: semi‐automated extraction of initial description rules of method KEs and automated derivation of additional description rules. In a preliminary evaluation on 415 papers, the precision and recall for the method KEs extraction are 0.77 and 0.84, respectively, indicating the effectiveness of our method.
Algorithmic accountability and digital justice: A critical assessment of technical and sociotechnical approaches
Authors: Rosenbaum Howard , Fichman Pnina
Published: October 2019

The concept of digital justice is intended to open up discourse about strategies for bringing relief to those who believe they have been discriminated against or harmed by algorithmic decision making. Digital justice has depended on algorithmic accountability, a means by which entities can be held accountable for the consequences of algorithmic decision making. This paper critically examines the concept of algorithmic accountability to assess its utility as a ground for digital justice and argues that it is fraught with difficulties. After discussing digital justice and algorithmic discrimination, algorithmic accountability is decomposed into two types, technical and sociotechnical. These approaches are critically assessed and a cautionary note is struck about the difficulty of enacting algorithmic accountability. If this argument is persuasive, it implies that the concept of digital justice also has difficulties. The paper concludes with suggestions for moving forward that do not use either version of algorithmic accountability.
Research on voice search behavior in the last 10 years
Authors: Xing Zhaopeng , Yu Fei , Yuan Xiaojun
Published: October 2019

Voice search enables users to issue spoken information requests and retrieve desired information on web/mobile search interfaces. We conducted a literature review to examine the extent to which existing studies have addressed voice search behavior, with a focus on the employed methodologies and the focused topics in these studies. Fourteen relevant studies conducted since 2008 were identified from four publication databases. These studies were mainly focused on three aspects of search behavior: voice query characteristics, reformulation strategies, and users' perception/satisfaction. Our results provide a snapshot of how users perform and perceive voice search in order to inform future research and design of voice search systems.
Using crowdsourcing to construct special collection resources under the perspective of digital humanities
Authors: Xu Xiaojuan , Wu Manli
Published: October 2019

This paper builds on the Fogg behavior model to explore the factors that drive users' participation in special collection resources crowdsourcing. Factors underlying the dimensions of motivation, ability and triggers are identified. This paper further explores the changes of the role of motivation, ability and trigger in initial and sustained participation. The results show that motivation and trigger are high in initial participation, and motivation and ability are high in sustained participation. The reasons for such change are further discussed. This study concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.
U.S. state and state capital open government data (OGD): A content examination and heuristic evaluation of data processing capabilities of OGD sites
Authors: Tang Rong , Gregg Will , Hirsh Sandra , Hall Elaine
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

This paper reports the results of a multi‐phased investigation into Open Government Data (OGD) sites in the United States. Upon searching and examining OGD sites by state and state capital, we outlined current OGD practice in the US. An inventory of data processing capabilities of 50 OGD sites uncovered the most frequently occurring data categories, search and filter options, raw datasets, data visualization displays, data extraction formats, interactive and map tools, and help functions provided through the OGD sites. Heuristic evaluation of 15 sites containing “Transportation” datasets revealed that main usability problems were violations to the principles of “Flexibility and Efficiency of Use,” “Help and Documentation,” and “Help users to recognize, diagnose and recover from errors.” Findings suggest that in order to sustain and achieve a good usage of OGD sites, a significantly better understanding of user populations, their data needs, and their data literacy levels is needed.