bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supporting Postsecondary English Language Learners’ Writing Proficiency Using Technological Tools
Authors: Moore Kathleen A. , Rutherford Camille , Crawford Keith A.
Published: February 2021

Postsecondary international students who are also English language learners face a number of challenges when studying abroad and often are provided with services to support their learning. Though some research examines how institutions can support this population of students, few studies explore how technology is used to support language development and writing proficiency. This article reports on an exploratory study that examined the resources English language learners use to support their writing and the impact of the use of writing productivity software’s on writing proficiency. Data were collected using a survey, writing samples, and a focus group. Findings indicate students frequently use technological tools to enhance learning and that technology-based supports such as writing productivity software can complement face-to-face supports.
A New Conceptual Model for Understanding International Students’ College Needs
Authors: Alfattal Eyad
Published: February 2021

This study concerns the theory and practice of international marketing in higher education with the purpose of exploring a conceptual model for understanding international students’ needs in the context of a four-year college in the United States. A transcendental phenomenological design was employed to investigate the essence of international students’ needs within their study experiences and explore a conceptual model that can explain these needs. Qualitative data were collected from 12 undergraduate and graduate international students through semi-structured interviews. Using thematic analysis, findings expand typical marketing mix frameworks and advance an eight-dimensional international student needs model: Program, Place, Price, Promotion, Process, People, Physical Facility, and Peace.
Realities and Realizations: Reflections on a Social Work Exchange Program between the United States and China
Authors: Cullen Jennifer , Haney Jolynn L. , Houser Linda , Cao Jun , Mi Xi
Published: February 2021

China has a long and complex history of political, economic, and educational shifts that have resulted in and from changing cultural values. Over time, the significance and format of social work education in China has changed, as has the need for professionally educated social workers that can support the ever-evolving social needs of China. To this end, some Chinese schools have begun to partner with schools in the U.S. to support the professionalizing of social work in China. This article presents the reflections of faculty and students involved in an exchange program for Chinese students to study in a U.S.-based master of social work program. Expectations, realities, needs, and recommendations of both faculty and students are discussed.
International Student Recruitment: Trends and Challenges
Authors: Falcone Santa
Published: February 2021

This paper provides a review of current trends in international student recruitment. Focusing specifically on recruitment of Chinese students, important aspects of China’s educational system relevant to recruitment are presented. Barriers to Chinese student recruitment are then discussed. Successful, employed, international graduates validate domestic institutional value to prospective foreign students and their parents. In that regard, guidance is then offered for domestic universities to use to assist international students to achieve their desired outcomes as an integral part of the institution’s international student recruitment strategy.
Chinese Students’ Motivations for Studying in the United States
Authors: Chao Chiang-nan , Hegarty Niall , Angelidis John , Lu Victor F.
Published: February 2021

This study examines the presence of Chinese students in U.S., and attempts to explore the reasons why so many Chinese students choose to study abroad and why the United States is their preferred destination. This population is a vital component of university life at many colleges and a much needed source of financial revenue. The results indicate that Chinese students are seeking education with a worldview and opt to break from the Chinese system of learning. This article seeks to offer academicians and university administrators a deeper understanding of the motivation of these Chinese students and contribute to the knowledge area extant on this population.
Cross-Cultural Student Teaching: Examining the Meaning-Making of one White, Female, MiddleClass Preservice Teacher
Authors: Shedrow Stephanie J.
Published: February 2021

While teacher educators implement diverse student teaching placements for preservice teachers as a means of bridging the cultural mismatch in classrooms around the United States, researchers have only recently begun to tap into the role that preservice teachers’ “whiteness” plays in their ideologies. As such, the purpose of this study was to better understand how one white, female preservice teacher made meaning of her experiences during a cross-cultural experiential learning (CCEL) student teaching placement abroad. Analyzing if and how previous intercultural interactions were drawn upon while abroad, as well as how experiences abroad were employed once returning to the US, findings suggest that cultural competency does not directly equate to recognizing whiteness and the privileges associated.
Analyzing International Students’ Study Anxiety in Higher Education
Authors: Khoshlessan Rezvan , Das Kumer Pial
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore international students’ study anxiety in a mid-sized public four-year university in Southeast Texas by comparing their existing study anxiety along lines of nationality, gender, age, major, degree, and stage of education. The subjects were selected using a convenience sample during the Spring of 2013. The researcher collected pertinent demographic data and used a modified version of the Study Anxiety Questionnaire (SAQ). The non-parametric statistical analysis focuses on the students’ perceptions and the study anxiety of international students which has been grouped into five anxiety subgroups. The results demonstrate some differences in anxiety levels among different demographic groups.
The Effects of a Roommate-Pairing Program on International Student Satisfaction and Academic Success
Authors: Tolman Steven
Published: February 2021

While great attention has been given to the growth of international students at U.S. institutions, there is a gap in the literature examining support for this student population within residence halls. To address the gap, this quantitative study evaluated an international roommate-pairing program (IRP) by comparing the residential experience of IRP participants with a control group. The results showed the roommate-pairing program had a positive impact on the residential experience of international students. These findings suggest physical environment and structured support are critical factors in the satisfaction and success of international students. This research can inform the practice of Residence Life professionals and aid in the establishment of effective support programs.
International EFL/ESL Master Students’ Adaptation Strategies for Academic Writing Practices at Tertiary Level
Authors: Mehar Singh Manjet Kaur
Published: February 2021

The present research provides insights into the different forms of adaptation strategies employed by international graduate students to overcome the challenges faced in the academic writing practices and gain access to their disciplinary communities of practice at Master’s level. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured in-depth focus group interviews. Respondents were 70 international graduate students enrolled in various Master-level programs. Semi-structured focus group interviews allowed the international graduate students to share their own experiences in the employment of suitable adaptation strategies to overcome the challenges faced in their academic writing practices in the Master programs. The adaptation strategies employed include enhancing their English language proficiency, referring to non-formal advisory services, and improving their academic writing style.
International Students Reported for Academic Integrity Violations: Demographics, Retention, and Graduation
Authors: Fass-Holmes Barry
Published: February 2021

How many international students are reported for academic integrity violations (AIV), what are their demographics, and how do AIV sanctions affect their retention and/or graduation? Descriptive statistical analyses showed that the number of internationals reported for AIVs at an American West Coast public university increased almost six-fold between academic years 2009–10 and 2013–14. However, that number represented less than 7.5% of these students’ total enrollment. Among reported ones, undergraduates outnumbered graduate students, males outnumbered females, Chinese outnumbered other nationalities, Economics majors outnumbered other majors, and the most common AIV was exam misconduct. More than half who were reported and suspended for AIVs graduated and/or were retained. These findings’ administrative, policy, and theoretical implications are discussed.
Sources of Social Support Among International College Students in the United States
Authors: Bhochhibhoya Amir , Dong Yue , Branscum Paul
Published: February 2021

International students are challenged due to the abrupt change in social support. The purpose of this study was to operationalize different sources of social support and evaluate determinants of mental health among international students (n=328). An instrument was developed to measure four distinct sources of social support. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to evaluate statistical differences. Results found significant mean differences between each type of social support with social support from: family/friends currently living in their home country highest and friends/families living and born in the U.S. lowest. These findings provide evidence on the applicability of this new instrument. The depth in which social support is defined in this study can reflect the greater context in future research findings.
Instructional Insights Gained From Teaching a Research Methods Course to Chinese International Graduate Students Studying in Canada
Authors: Beres Jacqueline L. , Woloshyn Vera E.
Published: February 2021

Chinese students represent an increasing proportion of the student body in Canadian postsecondary institutions (Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2015). While studying abroad, many of these students face linguistic and sociocultural challenges (Zhang, 2016), resulting in calls for Western instructors to provide linguistically and culturally sensitive instruction (Lin & Scherz, 2014). In this qualitative study, we utilized a form of reflexive ethnography (Enfield & Stasz, 2011) to outline our experiences teaching a required research methodology course to Chinese graduate students. Specifically, we discuss our pedagogical efforts in context of utilizing students’ reported research experiences, facilitating their acquisition of subject-specific vocabulary, and fostering a collaborative learning environment. We conclude by offering instructional suggestions to others who teach research methodologies to Chinese students.
The Lived Experiences of International Students Who's Family Remains At Home
Authors: Harvey Theresa , Robinson Carolyn , Welch Anthony
Published: February 2021

The significant increase of international students, who leave their family at home, to study abroad, especially in the discipline of nursing, has implications for educational practice. This study’s aim was to explore adult international students’ experiences of leaving spouse and children – for further education overseas. A descriptive phenomenological approach to inquiry using Colaizzi’s (1978) analysis framework revealed four themes: living with emotional turmoil, living in a world of negativity, living with an expectation to cope and driven by personal ambition. The findings identified a hidden world of emotional trauma, psychological stress, and negativity, specifically related to relinquishing their role in the family. The authors conclude that an ‘open door policy’ that provides individual counselling and timely support for academic and social purposes is necessary.
A Collaborative Programming and Outreach Model for International Student Support Offices
Authors: Briggs Peter , Ammigan Ravichandran
Published: February 2021

Increasing international student enrollment has been a key priority for many institutions of higher education in the United States. Such recruitment efforts, however, are often carried out without much consideration for providing sufficient support services to these students once they arrive to campus. This article proposes a model for structuring an international student support office to be successful at serving the academic, social and cultural needs of international students through a collaborative programming and outreach model with student affairs and other support service units on campus.
Peer Support for International Doctoral Students in Managing Supervision Relationships
Authors: Lee Sherrie
Published: February 2021

Doctoral education is based on a pedagogical model of apprenticeship where the expert, the more experienced academic, advises or mentors the student. Scholars have recognized the challenges of doctoral supervision due to the intense and individualized nature of the relationship. Based on the author’s personal experiences as a doctoral student and a student advocate at a university in New Zealand, this article highlights the challenges that international doctoral students face with regard to navigating the supervision relationship. The article discusses how student advocacy and peer support played an important role in resolving issues. The article concludes that peer networks are important resources for international doctoral students to make informed decisions regarding complex issues related to doctoral supervision.
Troubling Metaphors and International Student Adjustment: Reflections from a Transnational Place
Authors: Starr-Glass David
Published: February 2021

On many campuses, offices of International Student Affairs address the perceived needs of international students. However, a number of underlying assumptions and persistent metaphors shape these efforts and influence their outcomes. All students are uniquely different and face equally different challenges in adjusting to higher education. Labeling students “international” may make institutional sense, but it can potentially hinder their transition, adjustment, and ultimate success. Applying restrictive labels can perpetuate stereotypes, reinforce institutional silos, and potentially fracture international students from the rest of the student body. This article reflects on how students—irrespective of national origins—are viewed and assisted in a transnational setting that includes more than 70% of students who might, in other contexts, be classified as “international.”
Recurring Themes Across Fractal Issues Facing International Students: A Thematic Analysis of 2016 Dissertations and Theses
Authors: Bista Krishna , Gaulee Utam
Published: February 2021

This section shares recent dissertations and theses with the Journal of International Students readers. There were about 139 graduate dissertations and theses related to the issues and challenges of international students in 2016. The complete versions of these selected dissertations are available in the ProQuest, Michigan-based electronic publisher. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global is the world's most comprehensive collection of dissertations and theses from around the world, spanning from 1743 to the present day. This database has found 17,164 results from 1922-2018 while searching the keywords “international student” in its search engine.
Peers to Peers: Developing a Student-Coordinated Conversation Partner Program
Authors: Aaron Ron , Cedeño Carmen , Gareis Elisabeth , Kumar Lalit , Swaminathan Abhinaya
Published: February 2021

The lack of meaningful interaction between domestic and international students is a persistent concern in international higher education. Conversation partner programs are a promising measure to promote the rich and repeated contact necessary for the development of intercultural relationships and communication skills. This article describes the process of launching and managing a successful student-coordinated conversation partner program with no or minimal funding. The five core team members (two faculty advisors and three student leaders) explain why they created or joined the program, their responsibilities, what worked, what was challenging, and what they recommend should other institutions want to start a similar program.
Exploring the Academic English Socialization of International Graduate Students in Taiwan
Authors: Lan Shu-Wen
Published: February 2021

Through 24 semi-structured interviews with non-native English-speaking (NNES) international graduate students, this study explores their academic English socialization experiences in Taiwan guided by Lave and Wenger’s (1991) community of practice framework and Lee and Rice’s (2007) concept of neo-racism. Throughout a complicated academic English socialization process, newcomers became increasingly competent in communicating with the university community in English. However, this process was not unproblematic; challenges included differential welcome and treatment, a relative lack of interaction with Taiwanese peers or students outside their own ethnic groups, and negative perceptions of their accents and non-fluent English. Findings suggest a need to stimulate deeper reflection on international students’ experiences in host communities, where they are increasingly the targets of nationality-based discrimination.
Using Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Approach to Understand Academic Advising with International Community College Students
Authors: Leaf Zhang Yi
Published: February 2021

This study focuses on advising international students in a Texas community college. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model, I explored how academic advising with international students was shaped by individual backgrounds and environmental influences. I utilized a qualitative research design and analyzed information collected from interviews with 20 academic advisors and 15 international students at the community college. The findings of the study revealed factors in each subsystem of the model that may exert an important impact on international students’ experiences in advising and academic success. The findings can provide a valuable lens for advisors to better understand the challenges of working with international students and unveil forthcoming experiences for prospective international students
Factors Influencing Chinese International Students’ Strategic Language Learning at Ten Universities in the U.S.: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Fu Yao , Machado Crystal , Weng Zhenjie
Published: February 2021

This QUAL-QUAN mixed-method study employed a sociocultural interpretive framework to describe the Language Learning Strategies used by Chinese international students at ten universities in the U.S. During phase one, we used typological and interpretive analysis to identify nine factors that influenced 15 students’ strategy use at four universities. In phase two we employed regression analysis to study the influence of these factors and two others on 117 students’ strategy use at six U.S. universities. While participation and English proficiency level predicted direct strategies like memory, cognitive and compensatory strategies, participation was identified as the sole predictor of indirect strategies, like metacognitive, affective and social strategies. Findings have implications for college administrators, faculty and students.
Knowledge, Use, and Perceived Value of University Student Services
Authors: Perry Cody J. , Lausch David , McKim Courtney A , Weatherford Jennifer
Published: February 2021

Universities throughout the United States struggle with fiscal issues that can be improved by greater retention and graduation rates. One step often taken is to cut student service spending, which hurts students’ ability to finish a degree. While some have advocated for greater spending in student services, we contend that current services may suffice. Since many students do not understand the services available, many do not take advantage of university offerings. This study looks at differences in perceptions between international and domestic students concerning awareness, use, and value of services available at a western U.S. land-grant university. We found many students, both international and domestic, are not aware of available programs, which correlates to less use and perceived value of these services and programs.
The “Othering” of Men in Early Childhood Education: Applying Covey’s Seven Habits
Authors: McGowanv Kevin
Published: February 2021

How do early childhood educators, parents, and administrators really feel about men working with young children? Should men work as teachers of young children from birth through 8 years of age? Is this women’s work? Does explicitly and implicitly excluding men from the early childhood education workforce benefit the early childhood community’s commitment to diversity? Young children should have a diverse range of experiences including learning from men in their early childhood education settings (Bullough, 2015). In order to effectively recruit and retain more men into the early childhood education profession, early childhood education staff, parents, and administrators have to address their overt and covert “othering” biases toward men working in early childhood education environments.
Instructional Coaching Implementation
Authors: Johnson Kelly Gomez
Published: February 2021

As school leaders, 21st-century school administrators are in the spotlight for their role in promoting an environment of academic achievement. Along with organizing and planning for the fundamental workings of their staff, students, activities, and building, administrators are expected to encompass numerous roles. In fact, two primary, yet conflicting activities expected from school administrators are leading and managing (Hall & Simeral, 2008). At the intersection of these primary activities is the evaluation and development of teachers as a means to improve student learning. While the management of formal teacher evaluations and observations is important for ensuring teacher accountability and quality, administrators are also needed to use evaluation data along with student achievement data to improve teacher practice.
African American Women Superintendents in Texas
Authors: Wiley Kanisha , Bustamante Rebecca , Ballenger Julia , Polnick Barbara
Published: February 2021

School superintendents who are African American women are understudied. In this study, researchers explored the lived experiences of African American women superintendents in the state of Texas. The purpose of the study was to identify the challenges, supports, and personal background characteristics that participants believed influenced their ascension to superintendent positions. A phenomenological research approach was used, and data were collected through individual interviews with superintendent participants. Data were analyzed and interpret- ed using Moustakas’ (1994) phenomenological reduction approach. Three major themes emerged in the results: (a) desire to impact others at various levels, (b) sources of personal strength, and (c) external support systems. Subthemes were identified and described for each larger theme. Findings suggest a need to expose aspiring African American women administrators to the challenges and rewards of superintendent positions and increase mentorship opportunities and quality preparation programs.
Exploratory Analysis of Teacher Artifacts as Evidence of Educator Effectiveness Implementation Fidelity
Authors: Goldschmidt Pete , Congdon Alia Congdon
Published: February 2021

We collected artifacts from 42 teachers participating in a statewide educator effectiveness system to examine the fidelity with which the formative components of the system were implemented. Specifical- ly, we collected written feedback from principals to teachers and teacher professional growth goals. We developed indicators of quality for each and examined whether there were relationships between these two indicators as well as with observations. Overall, principal feedback was often aligned with observation scores and the quality was directly related to the number of observation elements scored. Feedback is readily partitioned into two constructs: clarity of communication and instructional practices. Feedback consistently demonstrated clarity of communication but was less likely to address instructional practices. Importantly, novice teachers received poorer quality feedback than experienced teachers. Teacher Professional Growth Goals tended to be superficial and rarely included details such as specific action steps or measurable outcomes. Although exploratory, evidence that both feedback and growth goals varied to some extent by school imply that both feedback and growth goals can be impacted by better guidance.
A Survey of School Administrators’ Training and Support Related to Evaluating Special Education Teachers
Authors: Rodl Janelle E. , Bonifay Wes , Cruz Rebecca A. , Manchanda Sarah
Published: February 2021

School administrators are often responsible for observing and evaluating special education teachers. The current study examined the training school administrators received, their needed knowledge and supports, and their confidence in performing job functions related to special education teacher evaluation. A total of 929 school administrators in California completed a 26-item survey in which they reported the training they had received, the usefulness of the training for informing practice, and the confidence they felt in evaluating special educators. Results indicated that most school administrators did not have a background in special education, did not receive training related to evaluating special educators, and felt less confident evaluating special educators than general educators. School administrators, especially those without a background in special education, may need more training and support related to evaluating special education teachers during preparation and in the early years of administration. Training and support should focus on evidence-based practices for teaching- ing students with disabilities.
A Longitudinal Case Study of a School- University Partnership for Training Teachers
Authors: Tracz Susan M. , Beare Paul , Torgerson Colleen
Published: February 2021

Changing teacher preparation to establish school-university partnerships can help candidates develop teacher identities and exceptional skills by providing supportive experiences in challenging situations. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with student teachers, teachers, principals, and program directors from a school-university partnership at its inception and seven years later. Five themes emerged: 1) change from individualistic to collective perspectives, 2) family-like, emotional support, and collaboration, 3) intensive student-teacher initiation, 4) professional development and reward systems, and 5) interconnectedness and accountability to multiple persons and supervisors.
Making Preparation Practical
Authors: Marshall James , Fisher Douglas
Published: February 2021

California faces an increasing shortage of well-prepared, competent school leaders. These future instructional leaders will be required to play critical roles to assure the success of the schools they will lead. San Diego State University, in collaboration with three partner school districts in the region, developed the five types of leaderly thinking model to represent a leader’s integration and application of the broad and disparate knowledge required to successfully lead a school. The model was designed to scaffold the design of administrative credential courses that accurately reflect the realities of school leadership. In doing so, the partners intend to provide candidates with experiences that reflect a leader’s true work and, through the authentic, practice-based learning experience, reduce the new administrator’s time to competence. This article presents the five types of thinking and highlights the implementation of this model into the preparation program. Additionally, it provides ideas to guide the model’s application in school district-based professional development applications.
Reflective Writing in a Principal Preparation Program
Authors: Wright James , Fisher Douglas , Frey Nancy
Published: February 2021

Reflective writing has become part of a vastspectrum of professional practices across academia,which includes the hard sciences—notably in thefields of medicine and nursing, as well as in thehumanities, including social work, higher education,teacher education, and educational leadership. In thisarticle, we seek to describe the results of aninvestigation in the preparation of school leaders

through reflective writing. Our engagement with self-reflective writing is explicitly designed to help future

educational leaders identify and promote the skillsthat help leaders identify inequity in schools. Thepreliminary administrative credential program in thisstudy is rooted in efforts to prepare equity-drivenschool leaders who integrate dispositions, concepts,and actions into their daily practice.
Data Use Among Principals and Teachers: Divergent Paths or Common Ground?
Authors: Albiladi Waheeb , Lasater Kara , Bengtson Ed
Published: February 2021

This study examines teachers’ and administrators’ use of data to inform their practice in one south-central state. Using a qualitative research approach, the study involved 76 educators representing eight school districts. Data were collected using focus groups with teachers and in-depth interviews with school principals. Data were inductively and deductively analyzed using multiple cycles of coding. Analysis of data revealed three themes that exposed differences in the use of data by teachers and administrators: the challenges of data use, the “levels” at which data are viewed (micro and macro lenses), and the value placed on formal and informal data. Findings suggest that by understanding the differences between teachers’ and administrators’ perspectives on data use and recognizing the common ground that unites their perspectives, schools can create data cultures that foster shared expectations, collaboration, and trust between teachers and administrators.
Ensuring Co-teaching Continues Virtually: A School Leader’s Imperative
Authors: Murawski Wendy
Published: February 2021

Moving to virtual instruction can be daunting, but it is no reason to stop including students with disabilities. Co-teaching can, and should, be used as a service delivery model to support students in their least restrictive environment, which is often the general education classroom. School leaders need to continue to promote inclusive education, even during a pandemic.
Leading Through a Pandemic: Adaptive Leadership and Purposeful Action
Authors: Bagwell Jack
Published: February 2021

As the coronavirus pandemic continues to reshape education, schools have had to adapt to a teaching reality that is increasingly more complex and uncertain. School leaders who take an adaptive leadership approach and leverage key leadership practices can support their schools in navigating the challenges of uncertain educational environments in adaptive ways.
Dual Credit Compliance Issues with COVID-19
Authors: Horton Alexandrea
Published: February 2021

High school leaders are facing new challenges regarding dual credit programs and the COVID-19 emergency. Conflicting with traditional instructional procedures, school reopening policies have many high schools implementing various remote learning modalities of instruction. High school leaders must adjust their dual credit university partnership procedures to reflect these new conditions, ensuring students and instructors have access to necessary technology resources.
Educational Leaders’ Need for Health Literacy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Glenn Adriana D. , Glenn William
Published: February 2021

School leaders will face great challenges balancing the health considerations of students and school staff with powerful political forces demanding that schools reopen as early as possible. In order to navigate this new educational landscape, school leaders will need to work with medical and public health officials to acquire health literacy. This will enable them to understand medically accurate information while rejecting politically inspired misinformation they will receive in the coming year. Health literacy will be an important skill needed by educational leaders to make the best possible decisions during this unprecedented pandemic.
School Leadership During a Global Pandemic
Authors: Chennamsetti Prashanti
Published: February 2021

This essay explores the challenges encountered by K-12 students, schools, and parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Possible solutions are discussed to aid school leaders in the planning process.
Leading in a Pandemic
Authors: Douglas Ty-Ron
Published: February 2021

Covid-19 is exposing the inequities and inefficiencies in leadership, in healthcare, and in access to resources—educational, economic and otherwise—that often necessitate and precipitate unrest and uprisings. These realities are inextricably linked to racism, disproportionalities, and the history of discrimination in this country and across the globe; disproportionalities that intersect with university campus uprisings and the urgent need for anti-oppressive school leaders who center the voices and needs of their students.
Where are all my sista’s @?!
Authors: McCLure Christine Lynn
Published: February 2021

Text to come
The Hard Path of Becoming a Visiting Scholar in the U.S.
Authors: Daho' Margherita
Published: February 2021

With globalization and the continual growth of studies abroad, many Ph.D. students apply to move to other countries for an exchange experience. Many students select the United States as their preferred destination, attracted by the perceived better quality of education. The United States also tries to attract international students to its colleges and universities. However, becoming a visiting scholar is very hard and takes considerable time. Applications and bureaucracy are cumbersome and major support is required, especially for international students. This article is a reflection on my experience planning an exchange experience in the United States during my Ph.D. I also offer recommendations for improving the experiences of international visiting scholars.
Editorial
Authors: Basak Suresh Ranjan
Published: February 2021

N/A
Feather Boas, Black Hoodies, and John Deere Hats: Discussions of Diversity in K-12 and Higher Education
Authors: Martin Tamala
Published: February 2021

According to the 2010 Census, it is reported that White individuals made up 60.1% of the United States’ population, yielding a population of nearly 40% of individuals from various other races. Given the diverse nature of the U.S., culturally responsive practices and learning modules are imperative to the health and growth of our nation. Joseph R. Jones’ metaphorically titled book Feather Boas, Black Hoodies, and John Deere Hats: Discussions of Diversity in K- 12 and Higher Education speaks to inequities experienced by those entrenched in the fate of “other-ism” by the lack of inclusivity in such a way that galvanizes the reader to relate and reflect on their own experience enough to want to have a conversation.
Spatial variability of some chemical properties of a Cambisol soil with cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivation
Authors: Salgado García Sergio , Acopa Colorado Joana , Salgado-Velázquez Sergio , Córdova Sánchez Samuel , Palma López David , Rincón Ramírez Joaquín Alberto , López Castañeda Antonio
Published: February 2021

Objective: To evaluate the spatial variability of some chemical properties of a Cambisolsoil, in order to establish specific agronomic management zones for cocoa cultivation.Methodology: A sampling of 42 georeferenced points equidistant at 40 m was carriedout. Geostatistical variability maps were made with the results of the chemical analysisof the soil properties, using the ordinary Kriging interpolation technique.Results: It was found that the percentage of saturation of acidity (PSA), acidity and H+showed high variability; P-Olsen and interchangeable K, Ca and Mg displayed mediumvariability, and pH, MO, CIC and Al presented low variability. Soil properties pH, PSA;Exchangeable P-Olsen, Ca and Mg showed high spatial dependence (<25%) and OM,exchangeable K and CIC moderate spatial dependence (25-75%).Study limitations / Implications: The generated maps allowed the identification ofpartial areas with different variability, as well as the direction of greatest variability of theproperty as a function of distance.Conclusions: With the maps, it was possible to make recommendations for agronomicmanagement depending on each specific management area.
Construction of Social Sustainability in Milk Production Systems in Central Mexico
Authors: Ruiz-Torres Monica Elizama , Lorga da Silva Ana , Arriaga-Jordán Carlos Manuel , Martínez-Castañeda Francisco Ernesto
Published: February 2021

Objective: To build mathematical models to evaluate the social sustainability of small-scale milk production systems.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Thirty small-scale cowsheds were analyzed. Two models were built using multivariate regression, estimated with ordinary least squares and considering the factors that producers perceive as important for social sustainability.
Results: The first model (ER) included tangible variables and the second intangible variables (SR). Both models explained more than 80% of the variables associated with social sustainability.
Study Limitations/Implications: The results represent an effort to link the statistical analysis with qualitative data that is difficult to quantify.
Conclusions: The ER and SR models represent a proposal for counting immaterial indicators so they can be incorporated into the sustainability analysis. Both models could be a methodological proposal to connect statistical data with purely qualitative data such as perception.
Use of Renewable Energy as a Strategic Action for Companies in the Agricultural Sector
Authors: Catalán Dibene César Gioberti , Taddei Bringas Isabel Cristina , Preciado Rodríguez Juan Martin
Published: February 2021

Objective: To describe the use of renewable energies in companies in theagricultural sector in order to associate their use to competitiveness variables and todetermine if their incorporation has an impact on the competitive performance of thecompanies.Design/Methodology/Approach: An instrument was designed aimed at managersand owners of companies in the agricultural sector based on the theory of industrialorganization and competitiveness. The information was coded, and association testsas well as comparative cluster analysis were performed.Results: The use of renewable energy by the companies addresses economic andcommercial strategies. Of the twelve competitiveness variables used to comparecompanies, nine were linked to the use of renewable energies. The companies usingrenewable energy demonstrated superior results in competitiveness.Study Limitations/Implications: The results are applicable to companies in theagricultural sector within the region analyzed. Financial and energy consumptionvariables should be considered if the method of analysis is to be replicated.Findings/Conclusions: The use of renewable energy is a strategic behavior thatallows companies to improve their market position. Companies that use renewableenergy as a strategic behavior are more competitive.
Fisheries discard as an alternative for agricultural feed in the state of Campeche, Mexico
Authors: BAUTISTA ORTEGA JAIME , ROSALES MARTINEZ VERONICA , Santillán-Fernández Alberto , HUICAB PECH ZULEMA GUADALUPE , GALICIA GALICIA FRANCISCO
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the incidence of non-target fishing species, in riparianfishing, as a dietary alternative for the agricultural sector in the state of Campeche,Mexico.Design / methodology / approach: The ports surveyed in the state of Campeche:Champotón, Seybaplaya and Campeche. A total of 89 questionnaires were appliedat random and at the free will to participate to coastal fishermen. The obtained datawere analyzed with the R vr 3.4.4 statistical software.Results: The results showed that the coastal fishing catch is 760.1 kg onaverage/week, and fishing discards of 30.42 kg/week. Of the bycatch, 68.8% isdiscarded and the rest sold at a low price (US $ 0.2). Among the waste products,234 species stand out, but seven represent the 58.7% of maximum incidence,mainly Bosh Ariopsis felis, Chac-chi Haemulon plumierii, Cojinuda Caranx crysos,Ixpil Upeneus sp., Macabi Elops saurus, Postà Bairdiella chrysoura and SardinaHerengula jaguana.Delimitations / implications: There is a wide variety of species of which theirpotential as a protein source is unknown, which can be used as input in feed.Findings / conclusions: Registered fishing discards are made up of more than 30non-target species and according to their incidence can be considered as inputs infeed manufacturing for the agricultural sector.
Isolation and selection of rhizospheric bacteria with biofertilizing potential for corn cultivation
Authors: Vargas Díaz Arely Anayansi , Quintal-Vargas Yaritza Y. , Chale-Dzul Juan B. , Santillán-Fernández Alberto , Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , López-Hernández Mónica
Published: February 2021

Objective: To isolate and determine in a greenhouse environment the biofertilizingpotential of rhizospheric bacteria associated to corn (Zea mays L.) at Campeche,Mexico.Design / methodology / approach: Rhizospheric soils were collected from twocorn production zones with different management conditions. Bacterial strains wereisolated from these samples and their biofertilizing potential determined by in vitro2 and in vivo tests. The obtained data from both tests were assessed using ananalysis of variance (ANOVA) and a means comparison test (LSD, p ? 0.01).Results: In total, 16 rhizospheric bacteria were isolated, a higher number in non-mechanized soils (n = 10) compared to mechanized ones (n = 6). In the in vitrotests, the most representative activity corresponds to nitrogen fixation (81%)attributed to a higher bacteria percentage, while the activity with lower bacterianumbers corresponds to IAA production (25%). At the in vivo tests in corn plants,the YM1 strain presented the highest fresh and dry root biomass (20 and 2 g plant -1 , respectively). The YM4 strain promoted greater plant height (63.33 cm), and YM5registered the highest values in stem diameter (7.13 mm), root length (36.78 cm)and fresh shoot weight (12.03 g plant -1 ).Limitations / Implications: Strain evaluations were limited to controlledgreenhouse conditions.Conclusion: The YM1, YM4 and YM5 strains show potential for further evaluationas biofertilizers for corn cultivation under field conditions.
Prevention of Complications When Using the Incompatible Waters in the System Reservoir Pressure Maintenance
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Kokhanchik Ya. A. , Shostak N. A. ,   Kuban State Technological University
Published: February 2021

A pressing task in the operation of a reservoir pressure maintenance system is the prediction and monitoring of the state of the internal surface of pipelines and the total amount of sediment. The article examines the mechanism of formation of salts of carbonate and sulphate groups in the process of mixing reservoir and artesian waters, which are incompatible, when used in the system for maintaining reservoir pressure. The mechanism of formation of iron compounds when mixing waters with different pH values is considered. The effect of bacteriological contamination of the production media on the increase in the amount of iron sulfides in the production media, as well as the development of equipment biocorrosion is shown. The features of biodegradation of the field pipeline system under conditions of low reservoir temperatures are considered. The most promising methods of dealing with scaling and biocorrosion under conditions of low temperatures of field fluids are noted.
Evaluation of Combustibility of Fuels for Marine Diesel Engines
Authors:   25th State Research Institute of Chemmotology, Russian Ministry of Defense, Nelyubov D. V. , Semihina L. P. ,   Tyumen State University, Fahrutdinov M. I. ,   25th State Research Institute of Chemmotology, Russian Ministry of Defense, Komersan A. N. ,   Military Innovation Technopolis “ERA”, Zobov A. B. ,   Military Innovation Technopolis “ERA”, Kalinin S. A. ,   Military Innovation Technopolis “ERA”
Published: February 2021

There were studied the influence of composition of foreign marine fuels on its quality indexes which estimate the combustibility and combustion efficiency of this fuels in the marine reciprocators. It was found that using the high-density fuels in the engines of marine technique, which specified for exploitation on the automotive diesel fuels, can be the cause of decreasing the combustion efficiency, increasing of smokiness of exhaust gases and facility of technique’s failure. Using of methyl esters of fatty acids in the marine fuel’s composition in concentrations until 1 mass percent influents positively on combustibility and combustion efficiency. This result in the aggregate of results of other researches of influence these concentrations of FAME on the emulsification and lubricity of marine fuels follows to possibility of its short-time using marine technique. Experimentally proved the necessity of offered calculating method which estimates the combustion efficiency and combustibility of marine fuels. It was found that this method is more adequate and sensitive for estimation of those properties of heavy marine diesel fuels and petroleum diesel fuels with the FAME contention then the method of estimation of Cetane Index (GOST 27768).
Phytotoxic effects of Aeschynomene fluminensis Vell. on the initial growth of weeds and cultivated plants
Authors: Coelho Larissa Éllen , Oliveira Silvana Maria de , Souza Luiz Antonio de , Pastorini Lindamir Hernandez
Published: February 2021

Allelopathy is analyzed as an alternative to herbicides due to the inhibitory or beneficent activities of its compounds with other organisms. Current paper discusses the effects of Aeschynomene fluminensis Vell. fractions on cultivated plant species, Lactuca sativa L. and Glycine max (L.) Merril, and on weeds, Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donnel and Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde. Aqueous fractions at 0.80; 0.40; 0.20 and 0.10 mg mL-1 concentrations were employed for initial growth tests. Seeds were pre-germinated in distilled water and transferred to petri plates with separate fractions at different concentrations. Plates were maintained for 48 h in a germination chamber at 25°C for L. sativa and I. grandifolia and at 30°C for G.max and D. insularis. The length of hypocotyl (LH) and root (LR) was measured and LR and foliar length (LF) were taken for D. insularis seedlings. Parameters were employed to calculated inhibition percentage. Plants with morphological changes were fixed and analyzed anatomically. Results revealed LH and LR inhibition of lettuce seedlings in fractions with highest concentration rates. The same has been reported in the case of I. grandifolia. Butanolic, methanolic and chloroform fractions did not affect negatively soybean seedlings but they inhibited D. insularis seedlings´ LR. A. fluminensis fractions, especially at higher concentrations, inhibited seedlings´ growth and confirmed their phytotoxic capacity.