bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions in the bulk of solids
Authors: Jimenez-Galan Alvaro , Silva Rui , Ivanov Misha (Mikhail)
Published: July 2021

The reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBIT) is one of the most widely used techniques for resolving ultrafast electronic dynamics in atomic and molecular systems. As it relies on the interference of photo-electrons in vacuum, similar interference has never been contemplated in the bulk of crystals. Using accurate numerical simulations in a realistic system, here we show that the interference of two-photon transitions can be recorded directly in the bulk of solids and read out with standard angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy. The phase of the RABBIT beating in the photoelectron spectra coming from the bulk of solids is sensitive to the relative phase of the Berry connection between bands and it experiences a shift of π as one of the quantum paths crosses a band. For resonant interband transitions, the amplitude of the RABBIT oscillation decays as the pump and probe pulses are separated in time due to electronic decoherence, providing a simple interferometric method to extract dephasing times.
Dolutegravir-Based ART: Exploring Patient Safety and Acceptability Following National Roll-Out in Uganda
Authors: Zakumumpa Henry , Kitutu Freddy Eric , Ndagije Helen Bomire , Diana Nakitto-Kesi , Ssanyu Jacquellyn Nambi , Kiguba Ronald
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUNDThe World Health Organization recommends dolutegravir (DTG) as the backbone for first-line and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) worldwide. However, little is known about the acceptability and tolerability of DTG-based ART at routine points-of-care in Uganda. We set out to explore the perceptions of ART clinic managers regarding the acceptability and tolerability of DTG-based ART since national roll-out in March 2018 in Uganda.METHODSWe adopted a qualitative descriptive design involving 49 ART clinic managers and clinicians. Between September 2020 and February 2021, we conducted 22 in-depth interviews with ART clinic managers and clinicians in 12 purposively selected health facilities across Uganda. The selection of study sites ensured diversity in facility ownership-type (public/private), level of service delivery (tertiary/secondary/primary) and the four major geographic sub-regions of Uganda. We conducted three focus group discussions with 27 ART clinicians in the participating facilities. Data were analyzed by thematic approach. RESULTSThe participants acknowledged that DTG-based ART is well tolerated by the majority of their patients who appreciate the reduced pill burden, perceived less side effects and superior viral load suppression. However, they reported that a number of patients experience adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after being transitioned to DTG. Hyperglycemia is, by far, the most commonly reported suspected ADR associated with DTG-based regimens and was cited in all but two participating facilities. Insomnia, weight gain and reduced libido are among the other frequently cited suspected ADRs. In addition, ART clinic managers perceived some of the suspected ADRs as resulting from drug interactions between dolutegravir and isoniazid. Weak diagnostic capacities and shortage of associated commodities (e.g. glucometers and test kits) were reported as impediments to understanding the full extent of ADRs associated DTG-based ART. CONCLUSIONWhile DTG-based regimens were perceived to be well tolerated by the majority of patients at participating facilities, a number of patients were reported to experience suspected ADRs key among which were hyperglycemia, insomnia and reduced libido. We recommend interventions aimed at strengthening blood glucose monitoring for patients taking DTG-based regimens and precautionary assessment of all patients prior to initiating them on DTG for known risk factors for DTG related ADRs.
Bioinformatics Analysis of The Expression of ATP Binding Cassette Transporters and The Screening of Regulatory Genes in PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in The Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Tingdan , Song Wuqi , Yang Aiying
Published: July 2021

Objective Here we performed the Bioinformatics analysis on the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), in order to find the correlation between the expression of ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters’ genes and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis; Methods Transcriptome profiles and clinical data of HCC were obtained from TCGA database. Package edgeR was used to analyze differential gene expression. Patients were divided into low-ABC expression and high-ABC expression groups based on the median expression level of ABC genes in cancer. The overall survival and short-term survival (n= 341) of the two groups was analyzed using the log-rank test and Wilcoxon test; Results We found that ABC gene expression was correlated with the expression of PIK3C2B (p<0.001, ABCC1: r=0.27; ABCC10: r=0.57; ABCC4: r=0.20; ABCC5: r=0.28; ABCB9: r=0.17; ABCD1: r=0.21). All patients with low-ABC expression showed significantly increased overall survival. Significantly decreased overall survival (Log-rank test: p<0.05, Wilcoxon test: p<0.05) was found in patients with high expression of ABCC1 (HR=1.58), ABCD1 (HR=1.45), ABCC4 (HR=1.56), and ABCC5 (HR=1.64), while decreased short-term survival (Log-rank test: p>0.05, Wilcoxon test: p<0.05) was correlated with the increased expression of ABCC10 (HR=1.29), PIK3C2B (HR=1.29) and ABCB9 (HR=1.23); Conclusions Our findings indicate that the specific ABC gene expression correlates with the prognosis of HCC. Therefore, ABC expression profile could be a potential indicator for HCC patients.
Nursing Students' Experiences of Educational Discrimination: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jazi Zahra Hadian , Gheybi Mohammd Kazzem , Zare Zahra , Shahsavari Hooman
Published: July 2021

Background: Although the need for justice and the elimination of injustice (or discrimination) is now a universally accepted principle, discrimination is still an unpleasant experience for many nursing students. This study aimed to explain the experiences of nursing students of educational discrimination and find out the main factors that cause this feeling.Methods: This is a qualitative study conducted in the nursing faculty of Shahr-e-Kord and the Iran university of medical science (IUMS) in Iran. Twelve nursing students were selected by purposeful sampling method and were interviewed. All interviews were analyzed according to the content analysis method.Results: Three main themes and ten subcategories appeared. Extracted themes include: "inappropriate behavior of nursing professors (or instructors) " with 3 subcategories (1- discriminatory behavior by nursing professors (or instructors), 2- lack of sufficient self-confidence in nursing professors and transferring it to the student, and 3- the educator role in motivating or eliminating motivation); "Strict rules" with 3 subcategories (1- inequality in implementation of rights and rules among students of different disciplines, 2- differences in compliance with laws and regulations, and 3- nurses are being strictly monitored), and " Lack of nursing professional independence " with 4 subcategories (1- lack of authority, 2- lack of supportive organizations for nurses, 3- lack of proper social status of nursing in society, and 4- the high authority and power of physicians over other disciplines).Conclusions: In our study, it was shown that nursing students feel the most discrimination in front of medical students. Feelings of discrimination reduce self-confidence in nursing students. Therefore, nursing educators and professors must think of a solution, or at least they themselves should not cause this feeling in them by inappropriate behavior and discriminatory speech and words.
Exploring How Functional Traits Modulate Species Response to Topography in Baxian Mountain, North China
Authors: Tang Lili , Morris William , Zhang Mei , Shi Fuchen , Vesk Peter
Published: July 2021

The associations between functional traits and species response to environments have aroused more and more ecologists’ interest and can provide insights into understanding and explaining how plants respond to the environment. Here, we applied a hierarchical generalized linear model to quantifying the role of functional traits in plants response to topography. Functional traits data, including specific leaf area, maximum height, seed mass and stem wood density, together with elevation, aspect and slope were used in the model. In our results, species response to elevation and aspect were modulated by maximum height and seed mass. Shorter-statured tree species had a more positive response than taller ones to an increase in elevation. Compared to light-seeded trees, heavy-seeded trees responded more positively to more southerly aspects where the soil was drier. In this study, the roles of maximum height and seed mass in determining species distribution along elevation and aspect gradients were highlighted respectively where plants are confronted with low-temperature and soil moisture deficit conditions. This work contributes to the understanding of how traits may be associated with species responses along mesoscale environmental gradients.
Forest degradation, not loss, drives widespread avian population declines
Authors: Betts Matthew , Yang Zhiqiang , Hadley Adam , Rousseau Josee , Northrup Joseph , Nocera Joe , Gorelick Noel , Gerber Brian
Published: July 2021

In many regions of the world, forest management has reduced old forest and simplified forest structure and composition via reliance on monoculture tree plantations. We hypothesized that such forest degradation has resulted in long-term habitat loss for forest-associated bird species of eastern Canada (130,017 km2) which, in turn, has affected bird population declines. Back-cast species distribution models revealed that despite little change in overall forest cover, breeding habitat loss occurred for 66% of the 54 most common species from 1985-2020. This habitat loss was strongly associated with population declines for 72% of species, as quantified in an independent, long-term dataset. Since 1985, net forest bird abundance has declined in this region by an estimated 33-104 million birds due to habitat loss alone. The effects of forest degradation may therefore be a primary cause of biodiversity decline in managed forest landscapes.
Histone-like Nucleoid-structuring Protein (H-NS) Regulatory Role in Antibiotic Resistance in Acinetobacter Baumannii
Authors: Rodgers Deja , Le Casin , Pimentel Camila , Tuttobene Marisel Romina , Subils Tomás , Escalante Jenny , Nishimura Brent , Véscovi Eleonora García , Sieira Rodrigo , Bonomo Robert , Tolmasky Marcelo , Ramírez María Soledad
Published: July 2021

In the multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii the global repressor H-NS was shown to modulate the expression of genes related to quorum sensing, biosynthetic pathways, cell adhesion, virulence, and autotransporters. In addition, H-NS is involved in stress response and its inactivation results in an increased resistance to colistin, and in a hypermotile phenotype an altered stress response. To further contribute to the knowledge of this key transcriptional regulator in A. baumannii behavior, we studied the role of H-NS in antimicrobial resistance. Using two well characterized A. baumannii model strains with distinctive resistance profile and pathogenicity traits (AB5075 and A118), complementary transcriptomic and phenotypic approaches were used to study the role of H-NS in antimicrobial resistance, biofilm and quorum sensing gene expression. An increased expression of genes associated with β-lactam resistance, aminoglycosides, quinolones, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim and sulfonamides resistance in the Δhns mutant background was observed. Genes codifying for efflux pumps were also up-regulated, with the exception of adeFGH. The wild-type transcriptional level was restored in the complemented strain. In addition, the expression of biofilm related genes and biofilm production was lowered when the transcriptional repressor was absent. The quorum network genes aidA, abaI, kar and fadD were up-regulated in Δhns mutant strains. Overall, our results showed the complexity and scope of the regulatory network control by H-NS (genes involved in antibiotic resistance and persistence). These observations brings us one step closer to understanding the regulatory role of hns to combat A. baumannii infections.
Elevated Native T1 Values in the Remote Myocardium Supplied by Obstructive Non-infarct Related Coronary Arteries in Post-STEMI CMR
Authors: Brodov Yafim , Matetzky Shlomi , Konen Eli , Segni Mattia Di , Younes Annan , Massalha Ayas , Berkovitch Anat , Beytelman Arkadi , Chernomordik Fernando , Goitein Orly
Published: July 2021

Background: We hypothesized that native T1 values, in the non-infarct myocardial territories,may differ if supplied by obstructive or non- obstructive coronary arteries.Methods:Consecutive patients (N = 60, mean age 59 years) with first STEMI following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), underwent 3 Tesla Cardiac MRI (CMR) within 5±2 days. A retrospective review of coronary angiography reports classified coronary arteries as infarct related coronary artery (IRA) and non-IRA. Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) was defined as stenosis ≥ 50%.Native T1 values were presented using a 16-segment AHA modelaccording to the three main coronary territories, left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (CX) right coronary artery (RCA).Results: The mean native T1 values in the non-IRA were: 1321 ± 40 msec and 1283 ± 32 msec in the LAD ≥ 50% vs. LAD < 50% stenosis, respectively (P=0.016), 1345 ± 61 msec and 1295 ± 36 msec in the RCA ≥ 50% vs. RCA < 50% stenosis,respectively (P=0.007). Cutoff native T1 values for predicting obstructive non-IRA LAD was 1308 msecwith a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 67%,respectively(AUC 0.76 ,95% CI 0.57 - 0.95, p = 0.04). Cutoff native T1 values for predicting obstructive non-IRA RCA was 1302 msecwith a sensitivity and specificity of 55% and 83%, respectively(AUC 0.7 95% CI 0.52-0.87, p = 0.05).Logistic regression to predict obstructive non-IRAafteradjustment for age showed T1 was an independent predictor of obstructive non-IRA LAD OR=4.5 (1.33-24.06), p=0.04 and obstructive RCA OR=2.23 (1.12-5.65), p=0.05. Conclusion: Non-IRA obstructive native T1 values are significantly higher as compared with non-obstructive native T1 values. These results suggest the presence of concomitant remote myocardial impairment in the non-IRA territories with obstructive CAD. Trial registration: 5897-19-SMC.
Research on Detection and Recognition of Abnormal Data caused by Network Intrusion using Deep Learning
Authors: Jian Yan , Dong Xiaoyang , Jian Liang
Published: July 2021

Based on deep learning, this study combined sparse autoencoder (SAE) with extreme learning machine (ELM) to design an SAE-ELM method to reduce the dimension of data features and realize the classification of different types of data. Experiments were carried out on NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB2015 data sets. The results showed that, compared with the K-means algorithm and the SVM algorithm, the proposed method had higher performance. On the NSL-KDD data set, the average accuracy rate of the SAE-ELM method was 98.93%, the false alarm rate was 0.17%, and the missing report rate was 5.36%. On the UNSW-NB2015 data set, the accuracy rate of the SAE-ELM method was 98.88%, the false alarm rate was 0.12%, and the missing report rate was 4.31%. The results show that the SAE-ELM method is effective in the detection and recognition of abnormal data and can be popularized and applied.
Multifunctional Alkalophilic α-Amylase With Diverse Raw Seaweed Degrading Activities
Authors: gu xiaoqian , Fu Liping , Pan Aihong , Gui Yuanyuan , Zhang Qian , Li Jiang
Published: July 2021

Uncultured microbes are an important resource for the discovery of novel enzymes. In this study, an amylase gene (amy2587) that codes a protein with 587 amino acids (Amy2587) was obtained from the metagenomic library of macroalgae-associated bacteria. Recombinant Amy2587 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and was found to simultaneously possess α-amylase, agarase, carrageenase, cellulase, and alginate lyase activities, moreover, recombinant Amy2587 showed high thermostability and alkali resistance which are important characteristics for industrial application. To investigate the multifunctional mechanism of Amy2587, three motifs (functional domains) in the Amy2587 sequence were deleted to generate three truncated Amy2587 variants. The results showed that, although these functional domains affected the multiple substrates degrading activity of Amy2587, they did not wholly explain its multifunctional characteristics. To apply the multifunctional activity of Amy2587, three seaweed substrates (Grateloupia filicina, Chondrus ocellatus, and Scagassum) were digested using Amy2587. After 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h of digestion, 121.2 ± 4 µg/ml, 134.8 ± 6 µg/ml, and 70.3 ± 3.5 µg/ml of reducing sugars were released, respectively. These results show that Amy2587 directly and effectively degraded three kinds of raw seaweeds. This finding provides a theoretical basis for one-step enzymatic digestion of raw seaweeds to obtain seaweed oligosaccharides.
Demographic and Socioeconomic Variations in Diet Quality Among Pregnant Women in Mbeya, Tanzania
Authors: John Sauli Epimack , Paulo Heavenlight , Hancy Adam , Sanga Abraham , Noor Ramadhan , Lankoande Fatourmata , Masumo Ray , Leyna Germana H. , Bridge Gemma , Bedi Raman
Published: July 2021

BackgroundSub-optimal diets are the primary risk factor for mortality among pregnant women. In Tanzania, many pregnant women have micronutrient deficiencies in iron, iodine, and vitamin A. Promoting healthy diets, with a focus on food quality and the consumption of fortified foods, may help to reduce mortality amongst pregnant women. However, more evidence is needed to inform the development of effective food based approaches. The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between demographic and socioeconomic factors with diet quality among pregnant women in Mbeya, Tanzania. MethodsData from a cross-sectional study conducted, in 2020, in Mbeya which included a population-based sample of 420 pregnant women was analyzed. Dietary intake was assessed using the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) with data from 24-HR diet recalls. Socioeconomic variables were also collected. Chi square-tests and one way ANOVAs were used to assess differences across demographic and socio-economic predictors of PDQS. Multivariate analyses were conducted to adjust for confounders and effect modifiers. All tests were two-tailed and significance level was set at 5%. ResultsStudy participants had a mean age of 25.49 ± 6.37 years. The mean PDQS was 16.2±2.7. For the PDQS, the consumption of at least 4 servings per week of food groups was as follows: dark green leafy green vegetables (29.2%), other vegetables (14.7%) and vegetable liquid oil (57.2%). Consumption of refined grains was high (48.0%). Pregnant women who visited antenatal clinics (ANC) had a reduced diet quality. Occupational status and household wealth index were significantly associated with PDQS in high quintile groups. Marital status was negatively associated with the PDQS and, pregnant women who reported to visit ANC were positively associated with PDQS. ConclusionsPregnant women aged 15-49 years in Mbeya region have low PDQS scores due to high intakes of refined grains, limited consumption of red meats, and low intakes of healthy cruciferous vegetables, whole citrus fruits and poultry. These findings suggest that public health action is needed to improve diet quality amongst pregnant women to improve health outcomes of this population.
Pre-Procedural Lpa level and ApoB/ApoA1 Ratio and the Risk for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tao Jun , Dai Wen , Ye Chenglin , Yao Qian , Zhou Man , Li Yan
Published: July 2021

Background: High serum Lpa level and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and kidney disease, and have been found to be related to the prevalence and prognosis of a variety of kidney diseases. However, it is not clear whether the preoperative serum Lpa level and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio are related to the incidence of CI-AKI after PCI.Methods: The 931 patients who underwent emergency PCI surgery from July 2018 to July 2020 were included. According to whether the serum creatinine level was higher than the baseline level (≥25% or ≥0.5 mg/dL) 48-72 hours after PCI, these participants were divided into CI-AKI group (n=174) and non-CI-AKI group(n=757). We detected the serum Lpa, ApoA1 and ApoB levels of the patients when they were admitted to the hospital, and calculated ApoB/ApoA1. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to determine the correlation between Lpa concentration and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and the risk of CI-AKI.Results: Among 931 patients undergoing emergency PCI, 174 (18.69%) patients developed CI-AKI. The preoperative Lpa level and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio of the CI-AKI group were higher than those of the non-CI-AKI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). In each logistic regression model, we found that preoperative serum Lpa level and ApoB / ApoA1 ratio were inversely associated with the incidence of CI-AKI(P <0.05). After adjusting all the risk factors included in this study, restricted cubic spline analyses found that the preoperative Lpa level and the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio were positively correlated with the incidence of CI-AKI within a certain range.Conclusion: The preoperative high levels of Lpa and the ratio of ApoB/ApoA1 are independent risk factors for the onset of CI-AKI.
Preoperative C-Reactive Protein Levels Predict Readmission Following Elective Vascular Surgery
Authors: mcfalls edward , Khan Asrar , Green Derrick L. , Santilli Steve , Johnson Debra K. , Carlson Selma , Mbai Mackenzi , Kelly Rosemary F. , Gravely Amy A. , Bart Brad , Adabag Selcuk , Garcia Santiago , Chen Qun , Jovin Ion S. , Lesnefsky Edward
Published: July 2021

BackgroundC-reactive protein levels (CRP) may be reduced with long-term administration of ubiquinol (CoQ10) in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease but the impact of a short-term period of administration in patients undergoing elective vascular surgery is uncertain.MethodsA double-blind randomized controlled trial was implemented to determine whether preoperative administration of CoQ10 could reduce cardiac biomarker elevations. Patients were randomly assigned to CoQ10 (400 mg per day) versus Placebo for 3 days prior to surgery. BNP, troponin and CRP were obtained pre and post-surgery. The primary endpoint was peak BNP and secondary endpoints were length of stay and readmission.ResultsOne hundred and twenty-three patients were randomly assigned to CoQ10 (N=62) or Placebo (N=61) for 3 days pre-surgery. At 24 hours post-surgery, the group receiving CoQ10 had lower BNP levels with no intergroup differences in CRP. Within 1-year post-discharge, thirty-six (29%) were readmitted and preoperative risk for readmission (HR: 95% CI) included diabetes mellitus (3.60: 1.46-8.91), active smoking (3.55: 1.43-8.78) and CRP (1.35: 1.04-1.76). C-index for all three variables predicting readmission was 0.727. ConclusionsShort-term administration of CoQ10 reduced perioperative BNP but not CRP levels. CRP, along with diabetes and active smoking were independent predictors of readmission and should be targeted as a means of reducing subsequent rehospitalizations following elective vascular procedures.Trial Registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03956017
Die Ranunculaceae der Flora von Zentraleuropa – Einführung: Die Geschichte des Hegi, Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa
Authors: Jäger Eckehart J.
Published: July 2021

Die Publikationsgeschichte der vielbändigen "Illustrierten Flora von Mitteleuropa", begründet durch Gustav Hegi (1876-1932), wird bis zur Beendigung der Print-Ausgabe nachgezeichnet. Der Band III/3, betreffend die Paeoniaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Nymphaeaceae und Ranunculaceae, war im Jahr 1974 in der zweiten Auflage herausgegeben worden. Die Arbeiten an einer dritten Auflage waren noch nicht zu einem Abschluss gekommen, als der Verlag entschied, die Publikation von Hegi-Neubearbeitungen ganz einzustellen. Um bereits vorliegende Bearbeitungen zur Familie Ranunculaceae zugänglich zu machen, werden diese als Online-Publikationen in Kooperation mit der "Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Flora Deutschlands" (GEFD) realisiert.
Die Ranunculaceae der Flora von Zentraleuropa: Ficaria
Authors: Gutermann Walter
Published: July 2021

Schon sehr früh wurde die Verwandtschaft um Ficaria verna [Ranunculus ficaria] wegen einer Reihe morphologischer Besonderheiten (ein einzelnes, apikal gekerbtes Keimblatt, meist nur 3 äußere, aber vermehrte innere Blütenhüllblätter, Wurzelknollen) als Satellitengattung von der formenreichen Gattung Ranunculus abgetrennt, bei einer Vereinigung mit ihr aber zumindest als eigene Sektion hervorgehoben. Jüngste, auf molekular-genetischen Analysen von Kern- und Chloroplasten-Gensequenzen beruhende, phylogenetische Untersuchungen bekräftigen die Separierung als eigene, monophyletische Gattung, die am engsten mit Coptidium (mit ebenfalls 3-zähligem Kelch) als eher basaler Gattung der Ranunculeae und nicht unmittelbar mit Ranunculus verwandt ist.
Die Ranunculaceae der Flora von Zentraleuropa: Isopyrum
Authors: Jäger Eckehart J.
Published: July 2021

Die Gattung Isopyrum enthält niedrige, frühjahrs- bis frühsommergrüne Stauden mit unterirdisch kriechendem Ausläufer-Rhizom; es handelt sich um Geophyten. Die Blätter sind mehrfach dreiteilig oder fiederig. Der Blütenstand ist eine foliose oder bracteose Traube, wobei die einzelnen Blüten meist in den Achseln von laubblattähnlichen Tragblättern sitzen. Die äußeren Blütenhüllblätter sind kronblattartig ausgebildet; sie sind weiß.
Possible superconductivity from incoherent carriers in overdoped cuprates
Authors: Culo M. , Duffy C. , Ayres J. , Berben M. , Hsu Yi-Ting , Hinlopen R. D. H. , Bernáth Bence , Hussey Nigel
Published: July 2021

There is now compelling evidence that the normal state of
superconducting overdoped cuprates is a strange metal comprising two
distinct charge sectors, one governed by coherent quasiparticle
excitations, the other seemingly incoherent and characterized by
non-quasiparticle (Planckian) dissipation. The zero-temperature
superfluid density n_s(0)ns(0)
of overdoped cuprates exhibits an anomalous depletion with increased
hole doping pp,
falling to zero at the edge of the superconducting dome. Over the same
doping range, the effective zero-temperature Hall number
n_{\rm H}(0)
transitions from pp
to 1 + pp.
By taking into account the presence of these two charge sectors, we
demonstrate that in the overdoped cuprates
Tl_22Ba_22CuO_{6+\delta}6+δ
and La_{2-x}2−xSr_xxCuO_44,
the growth in n_s(0)ns(0)
as pp
is decreased from the overdoped side may be compensated by the loss of
carriers in the coherent sector. Such a correspondence is contrary to
expectations from conventional BCS theory and implies that
superconductivity in overdoped cuprates emerges uniquely from the sector
that exhibits incoherent transport in the normal state.
Las amenazas y oportunidades del consumidor en la contratación electrónica en España
Authors: Cintora Egea María Cristina
Published: July 2021

En el presente trabajo se realizará una aproximación a la figura del consumidor en la contratación electrónica, los derechos y mecanismos que cuenta el consumidor para el ejercicio de sus derechos, así como los canales a través de los cuales se pueden hacer efectivos.
Las aplicaciones robóticas inteligentes colaborativas en beneficio de la salud mundial y en la reducción de los efectos de la pandemia y pospandemia COVID 19
Authors: Porcelli Adriana Margarita , Martínez Adriana Norma
Published: July 2021

La pandemia por coronavirus aceleró un proceso ya en marcha en muchos países: la robotización de las fábricas y la coexistencia colaborativa entre los robots y los humanos, como en Asia. Esta situación excepcional pasará, pero los sistemas robóticos inteligentes se seguirán utilizando en las más variadas actividades y transformarán el mundo actual en una nueva realidad pospandemia. En este contexto, es que el presente artículo se planteó, como interrogante, si la inteligencia artificial aplicada a la robótica puede colaborar con los seres humanos en la reducción de la propagación del virus SARS-CoV-2. Para responder a tal cuestionamiento, el trabajo tiene por objeto ejemplificar la contribución de dichas tecnologías disruptivas en la actual crisis sanitaria y su reconstrucción posterior ya que los seres humanos deben adaptarse a una nueva normalidad. En cumplimiento de tal objetivo, la metodología se basó, primero en la descripción del marco conceptual utilizando el método científico descriptivo, específicamente la investigación bibliográfica, para examinar y diferenciar conceptos tales como derecho a la salud, inteligencia artificial y robótica. En segundo lugar, en el método de análisis sistemático de varios casos a los efectos de identificar y ejemplificar los diferentes aportes de la inteligencia artificial y la robótica para el bienestar de la salud mundial en el contexto de la pandemia y pospandemia. Una de las principales conclusiones a las que arribó el trabajo consistió en que la cooperación en el mismo ámbito de trabajo entre humanos y robots resultó indispensable para mantener la integridad de los trabajadores de la salud y de los grupos vulnerables más afectados por esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, a la vez, se planteó un nuevo desafío: regular estas nuevas tecnologías sin frenar los avances tecnológicos.
Современные принципы диагностики и лечения железодефицитной анемии и дефицита железа при заболеваниях гастроэнтерологического профиля: обзор современных клинических рекомендаций
Authors: Алексеева О. П.
Published: July 2021

Анемия – наиболее частое системное осложнение и внекишечное проявление заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта, в большинстве случаев являющееся уникальным примером сочетания хронического дефицита железа и анемии хронического заболевания. В данном случае анемия не просто лабораторный маркер, а осложнение, требующее соответствующих диагностических и терапевтических подходов. При этом многие мировые клинические рекомендации, в т. ч. гастроэнтерологической направленности, не содержат актуальной научной информации по наиболее эффективным средствам с благоприятным профилем безопасности – внутривенным препаратам железа, которые могут использоваться и для коррекции анемии, и для восполнения дефицита железа, доказательная база по которым быстро прирастает качественными исследованиями, а также систематическими обзорами и метаанализами.
Renal artery aneurysms
Authors: Zotikov A. E. , Adyrkhaev Z. A. , Solovyova A. M.
Published: July 2021

Renal artery aneurysms are a rare condition and are usually found when other abdominal organ diseases are being searched. Among the causes of renal artery aneurysms, atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia predominate. However, they can also be observed in congenital Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, neurofibromatosis, arteritis, and due to traumatic effects. Most patients have an asymptomatic course of the disease. Literature data suggest slow growth of aneurysms, and their progression is associated with arterial hypertension, absence of wall calcification and pregnancy in young women. The aim of surgical treatment is to prevent aneurysm rupture, eliminate the risk of renal parenchyma embolism and correct arterial hypertension. Most authors believe that surgical treatment is indicated for asymptomatic course of the disease when the aneurysm is over 20 mm in diameter, aneurysm growth is over 5 mm within a year, arterial hypertension resistant to drug therapy, renal artery dissection and aneurysm presence in women of childbearing age. There are a number of surgical and endovascular techniques to restore renal blood flow. Both open and endovascular interventions are used for renal artery trunk surgery. For aneurysms of the renal artery branches, aortorenal shunting by autovenous or internal iliac artery as well as extracorporeal surgeries are more often used. The use of endografts is most appropriate for localization of aneurysms in the renal artery trunk, while embolization with microspirals and glue is most effective for saccular aneurysms. The embolization technique can cause embolization of the renal parenchyma itself as a potential complication, which aggravates arterial hypertension. The authors present the literature and their own data on various techniques to restore the renal blood flow. Up to 80-90% of the operated kidneys can be saved in the long term. Reconstructive surgery reduces the level of arterial pressure and reduces the number of antihypertensive drugs used and the need for renal replacement therapy.
Anticoagulants and antiaggregants in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Erlikh A. D.
Published: July 2021

Review of the latest scientific data and the main provisions of clinical guidelines on the use of anticoagulants and antiaggregants in patients with COVID-19 is presented. A separate part of the paper focuses on the use of prasugrel in this group of patients. The main trend in the use of anticoagulants for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 infection can be considered as a decrease in drug activity. Thus, the experts of the American Hematological Society suggest using low doses of oral or parenteral anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients, preferring them to intermediate or high doses. Virtually all experts agree that prophylactic anticoagulant use should be avoided in clinical practice in patients with COVID-19 who are on outpatient treatment (whether it was chosen as an initial tactic or was a continuation of inpatient treatment). The principles for the therapeutic use of anticoagulants in COVID-19 should be based on already existing clinical guidelines for the conditions that require anticoagulants (atrial fibrillation, venous thrombosis or thromboembolism, presence of mechanical valves, etc.). The use of antiaggregants in patients with COVID-19 outside their registered indications is currently continuing to be studied in several clinical trials. That said, as part of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention for COVID-19, it is advisable to continue this treatment without cancelling any of its components without a specific indication. The same is true for prasugrel, which remains one of the first recommended potent P2Y12 inhibitors.
Evaluation of the Adulteration of Edible and Cosmetic Sunflower Oils by GC-FID and ESI-MS
Authors: Manin Luciana , Pizzo Jessica , Rydlewski Adriela , Santos Patrícia , Galuch Marília , Zappielo Caroline , Santos Oscar , Visentainer Jesuí
Published: July 2021

Sunflower oil has several properties that are valuable to the human skin and health; however, they are target of adulterations. In this study, in order to evaluate the authenticity of edible and cosmetics based on sunflower oils, the triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles using direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), the fatty acid (FA) composition by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and principal component analysis, of seven commercial samples were determined and the results obtained were compared with the pure sunflower and soybean oils. Of the seven brands analyzed, just one sample presented only sunflower oil in its composition; two stated in the label soybean addition; and four did not present the real composition of the product in the label. Therefore, GC-FID and ESI-MS analysis in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that they are complementary techniques and could be applied in food industries to assess the quality of vegetable oils, since results showed the need for stricter quality control for this product.
Оn momentum flow density of the gravitational field
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Drivotin Oleg I.
Published: July 2021

Momentum is considered on the basis of the approach widely used in the calculus of variations and in the optimal control theory, where variation of a cost functional is investigated. In physical theory, it is the action functional. Action variation under Lie dragging can be expressed as a surface integral of some differential form. The momentum density flow is defined using this form. In this work, the momentum balance equation is obtained. This equation shows that the momentum field transforms into a momentum of a mass. Examples showing the momentum flow structure for a mass distribution representing a uniform thin layer are provided.
Theoretical foundations of probabilistic and statistical forecasting of agrometeorological risks
Authors:   Agrophysical Research Institute, Iakushev Viktor Р. , Bure Vladimir M. ,   Agrophysical Research Institute,   St. Petersburg State University, Mitrofanova Olga А. ,   Agrophysical Research Institute,   St. Petersburg State University, Mitrofanov Evgenii Р. ,   Agrophysical Research Institute,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2021

Еach model for forecasting agrometeorological risks based on the analysis of one-dimensional time series is effective for a certain range of initial information. In addition, the values of the initial observations can differ significantly for each specific case, respectively, the widespread use of one method for the analysis of arbitrary information can lead to significant inaccuracies. Thus, the problem of choosing a forecasting method for the initial set of agrometeorological data arises. In this regard, a universal adaptive probabilistic-statistical approach to predicting agrometeorological risks is proposed, which makes it possible to solve the problem of choosing a model. The article presents the results of the first stage of research carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation a brief overview of the current state of research in this direction is presented, theoretical foundations for predicting agrometeorological risks for a possible onset of drought and frost have been developed, including the task of generating initial information, a description of basic forecasting models, and also a direct description of the proposed approach with a presentation of the general structure of an intelligent system, on the basis of which the corresponding algorithm can be developed and automated as directions for further work.
Experimental study of a solar water treatment device with dome structure cover in winter: performance evaluation and comparative analysis
Authors: Sun Zhilin , Tu Wenrong , Fang Shibiao
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a dome slope single basin solar still for water treatment and desalination is presented. This new solar still device is based on installing a dome slope cover on the walls of the solar still. The main objective of such a still is to concentrate more sunrays at the still's bottom basin, through the increased area of the dome glass cover. Experiments are conducted under the climate conditions in Hangzhou city, China, for testing the operational performance of the dome slope type solar still and the fourfold slope still, so as to make a comparative analysis between them. Assessment of the dome slope still's feasibility is performed based on energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and enviroeconomic methodologies, as well as energy payback time. Results show that the productivity of the dome slope still is 36% higher than that of the fourfold slope still, and the dome slope solar still enhances the average hourly energy efficiency by 34%. Due to the higher energy and exergy outputs of the dome slope solar still throughout its lifetime, the novel solar still proposed in this study mitigates more CO2 compared with the fourfold slope still. Overall, incorporation of the dome slope cover with the still is found to be promising in terms of freshwater yield, cost, and energy payback time compared with the conventional one. The dome slope single basin solar still appears to be effective from exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental parameter analysis.
THE THEORETICAL ASPECT OF THE PROBLEM OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE ELECTRONIC ENVIRONMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF A DOCTOR - PATIENT
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, KONNOVA OLGA V. , SMAKHTINA TATYANA A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: July 2021

Today the problem of interpersonal communication is the most urgent. Modern technologies dictate new rules of communication to us. And one of the most pressing issues of interpersonal communication is the doctor-patient line. After all, how successful the treatment will be directly depends on their correctly built positive communication. However, not only the psychological influence of the doctor on the patient is important, but also the linguistic side of the issue. Correctly offered information, correct wording of the question, all this is necessary to create a favorable outcome of solving the patient's problem.
FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING METAPHORS IN A MEDICAL DISCOURSE (BASED ON A MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH)
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, SATRETDINOVA ALFIYA ALFIYA KH. , PENSKAYA ZINAIDA P. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: July 2021

The article considers metaphorization as one of the ways of forming medical terms. The main methods of creating metaphorical nominations in Russian and English are ana- lyzed; semantic analogies between the metaphorical units of two languages are investigated. The authors define some main groups of metaphor-terms, identify the mechanisms of implementation of metaphorical nominations and the features of their functioning in a medical discourse.
The Indian Women Writers and their Contributions to Indian Literature
Authors: KP Krishnaveni
Published: July 2021

The Indian women writers are the one who mainly talks about the male ego and female desire for freedom. Through their writings women writer tries to oppose the male dominance over them. Indian women writers depict the injustices, the anguish and the despair they received in a male dominated society. Many of the writings can be considered as a mutiny against the restraints which the society thrust upon women. In this man-centered world they are trying to bring out the feminine identity through their works. Indian women writers never attempted to adopt any masculine roles to achieve themselves as equal as men, but through their writings they came across all the barrier of class, gender and space boundaries. They try to project masculinity and femininity as equal categories. Though through their works the Indian women writers tries to project women’s responses to gender questions. However, they tried to depict the fact that writings of women need not be differentiated by language or location.
Corporeal Crisis and the Contested Female Terrain: An Ecofeminist Reading of ‘The Birth-Mark’
Authors: Qabaha Dr. Ahmad
Published: July 2021

This paper originally and substantially studies Nathaniel Hawthorne’s ‘The Birth-Mark’ from an ecofemninsit perspective, while exploring the interconnections and interdependency between the systematic and institutional ways in which woman and nature were dominated by male-centred society in 19th century America. By building on significant contributions to ecofeminist theory, this paper argues that the oppression of women and exploitation of nature by patriarchal culture and male-run institutions are represented in ‘The Birth-Mark’ as a product of masculinist, colonialist and capitalist assumptions and practices. This paper demonstrates that patriarchal culture’s unjust hierarchies and systems of domination are connected conceptually, and the promise of Aylmer to relieve Georgina from the corporeal crisis is an instance of difference-and-hierarchy-based domination; it aims at perpetuating the accepted authority and power of man who can contest God’s female terrain, and to claim his ability to recreate and reintegrate it in ways that show absolute control over nature and God.
The Efficacy and Safety of Topical Tranexamic Acid for Spinal Surgery
Authors: Guo Tai , Xuan Wenxia , Feng Haoyu , Wang Junjie , Ma Xun
Published: July 2021

Background:

Spinal surgeries are often accompanied by significant blood loss both intraoperatively
and postoperatively. Excessive blood loss caused by surgery may lead to several unsatisfactory medical consequences.
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a kind of antifibrinolytic agent that has been widely used in spinal surgery.
Currently, it is widely accepted that intravenous TXA (ivTXA) can clearly reduce blood loss in spinal fusion
surgeries. Compared with ivTXA, topical TXA (tTXA) seems to be much easier to administer, and this advantage
provides a maximum concentration of TXA at the haemorrhagic site with little to no TXA entering the
circulation.

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of tTXA on blood loss during and after spinal surgery via a comprehensive metaanalysis
of the published data in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other comparative cohort studies.

Methods:

A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register
of Controlled Trials was performed for RCTs and other comparative cohort studies on the effect of tTXA on
blood loss during and after spinal surgery. The outcomes were total blood loss, hidden blood loss, intraoperative
blood loss, total postoperative drainage volume, drainage tube duration postoperatively, drainage volume and
drainage of blood content at postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD2, length of hospital stay, number of patients
who received a blood transfusion, serum HB level at POD1, operative timespan, side effects and complications.
The final search was performed in October, 2020. We followed the PRISMA guideline, and the registration
number is INPLASY202160028.

Results:

In total, 6 studies with 481 patients were included. tTXA treatment, compared with the control conditions,
can significantly reduce the total blood loss, hidden blood loss, total postoperative drainage volume, and
number of patients receiving blood transfusions; reduce the drainage volume and drainage of blood content at
POD1; shorten the drainage tube duration postoperatively and length of hospital stay; and enhance the serum
HB level at POD1 for spinal surgery. tTXA treatment did not significantly influence the intraoperative blood
loss, drainage volume or drainage of blood content at POD2 or the operative duration.

Conclusion:

Compared with control conditions, tTXA has high efficacy in reducing blood loss and drainage
volume, enables quick rehabilitation, and has a relatively high level of safety in spinal surgery.