bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metallurgical failure investigation of small bore piping (SBP) in a diesel hydrotreating unit (DHT) of an oil refinery
Authors: Cagliyan E. , Fischer B. , Giller M. , Neidel A.
Published: July 2024

Hydrocarbon leaks were repeatedly found in the client’s refinery. Because of the recurring nature of this failure, the operator approached the authors’ laboratory to get a second opinion on the metallurgical root cause of the failure. It was known from the customer that corrosive species, such as ammonium chloride salt precipitates, are present in the subject diesel hydrotreating unit (DHT). From the findings obtained in the investigation that is the subject of this contribution, the conclusion of the original metallurgical root cause analysis (RCA), namely that the subject piping failed by transgranular chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (Cl-SCC), could be verified and is indeed correct. The metallurgical root cause of the small bore piping (SBP) failure is chloride-induced SCC. The morphology of the cracking is very distinct and is clearly consistent with transgranular Cl-SCC. A material change to the nickel-base material Alloy 625, already considered by the client, since this alloy is believed to be immune to chloride-induced SCC, would be a good, even though expensive solution. It should be emphasized that there are no metallic materials completely resistant to SCC. If the environment is harsh enough, except for some titanium alloys, i. e., if the source of the chloride ions cannot be eliminated, which is likely the case here, a regular inspection and replacement of these SBP systems might have to be considered. It should further be emphasized that a chloride concentration below 50 ppm is by no means any guarantee for the avoidance of SCC, since chlorides can concentrate in crevices, corrosion pits and such, i. e., the local concentration is what matters, not the local.
Attracting a new generation to materials science
Authors: Hogue F. , Schleicher M.
Published: July 2024

ASM International, an organization like DGM, has more than 15,000 members worldwide. The society was founded in 1913 as the Steel Treaters Club in Detroit. Their headquarters have been in the Cleveland, Ohio, area since 1920. ASM International has 6 Affiliate Societies including the International Metallographic Society.

In 1952 the need for a focused effort in education in Material Science was recognized and the ASM Materials Education Foundation (ASM Foundation) was established. Their mission is as follows: develop and deploy materials science content and hands-on, minds-on instructional strategies to inspire, engage, and empower future generations to create STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) solutions for 21st century challenges.

The ASM Foundation has developed a multiprong approach to fulfil this mission and to draw young people to the field of materials science.

Materials Camps for Students

Teacher Education and Empowerment

Mini Camps During Conferences

Expansion of Camps to Europe, India and Beyond

In addition, the ASM Foundation awards scholarships to undergraduate and community college students in materials science.
Kalibrierung und Messunsicherheitsbetrachtung eines medizinischen Bohrers mit integrierter Temperatursensorik zur Minimierung des Patientenrisikos bei minimalinvasiven Bohrungen an der lateralen Schädelbasis
Authors: Knott Anna-Lena , Huber Meike , Karakus Ugur , Müller Tobias , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: July 2024

Die Hauptgefahr bei minimalinvasiven Bohrungen für die Gesundheit des Patienten ist eine thermische Verletzung von Nerven- oder Knochengewebe durch einen erhöhten Wärmeeintrag. Für die prozessparallele Ermittlung der Bohrgrundtemperatur wurde ein Bohrer mit integrierter Temperatursensorik entwickelt. Diese gemessene Temperatur steht jedoch in einem unbekannten Zusammenhang mit der realen Bohrgrundtemperatur, da Unsicherheiten die Messung beeinflussen. Um die Temperatur als verlässliche Entscheidungsgrundlage während der minimalinvasiven Bohrung verwenden zu können, müssen systematische Abweichungen der gemessenen Temperatur von der realen Temperatur bekannt sein. Zufällige Abweichungen und solche systematischen Abweichungen, die nicht korrigiert werden können, müssen in einer Messunsicherheitsbetrachtung zusammengefasst werden. Zur Bestimmung der Kalibrierkurve wird ein Messaufbau entworfen, um systematische Fehler der Temperaturmessung mit dem Bohrer kompensieren zu können. Die Ergebnisse der Unsicherheitsbetrachtung zeigen, dass die Unsicherheit mit steigender Temperatur steigt. Die Unsicherheit wird konservativ mit u

T
= 1 K abgeschätzt. Zur Beurteilung einer thermischen Schädigung des Gewebes wird der CEM43 herangezogen, dessen Güte jedoch in erheblichem Maß von der zugrundeliegenden Datenqualität abhängt. In einer Analyse des Einflusses der Messunsicherheit auf den CEM43 mit der Unsicherheitsfortpflanzung und Monte-Carlo-Methoden wird festgestellt, dass bereits geringe Unsicherheiten in der Temperaturmessung zu erheblichen Abweichungen des CEM43 führen. Der intraoperative Einsatz des CEM43 als Kennwert für eine thermische Gewebeschädigung ist deshalb nicht möglich.
Seasonal Variations in Performance and Asymmetry Data for Jump and Change of Direction Abilities in Female Soccer Players
Authors: Mainer-Pardos Elena , Bishop Chris , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver
Published: July 2024

Mainer-Pardos, E, Bishop, C, and Gonzalo-Skok, O. Seasonal variations in performance and asymmetry data for jump and change of direction abilities in female soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): 1768–1777, 2024—The study aimed to evaluate the progression of the percentage-based change of direction (COD) deficit (%CODD) over a competitive season, along with its correlation with performance tests and to examine the impact of the magnitude and direction of asymmetry at 4 stages of the season. Forty-seven (U-16, U-18, and U-20), highly trained, female soccer players performed unilateral vertical jumping (countermovement jump [CMJ]) and horizontal jumping (HJ), 10-m sprint, and 180° change of direction (COD180) tests. The %CODD was also calculated. Significant group and time effects (p < 0.05) were observed in CMJ, HJ, 10-m sprint, and COD180 tests, with U-20 players generally outperforming the U-18 and U-16 groups. Nonsignificant differences were reported in the %CODD between any time point or groups throughout the season. Moderate or large significant (r = 0.44–0.64; p < 0.05) relationships were found between %CODD and 10 m. The direction of asymmetry within and between tests at all time points was slight to moderate (k = −0.29 to 0.57). Notwithstanding, 51% of the players showed the best performance in the horizontal jump with the same leg throughout the season, whereas only 36% in %CODD. This study highlights the importance of developing strategies to improve %CODD depending on the player's position demands. Finally, individually monitoring the magnitude and direction of asymmetry can help practitioners monitor the effects of training and competition throughout the season.
Árboles sobrevivientes al bombardeo atómico de Hiroshima
Authors: Rodríguez Valerio Daniela , Chaves Salgado Lorena , Avalos Gerardo
Published: July 2024

The objective of this article is to publicize the social action project EC-614 of the University of Costa Rica “Trees of peace surviving the Hiroshima atomic bomb: Phase 1: establishment of seedlings in Costa Rica”, as well as the impact it has had especially in public libraries and as a contribution to the fulfillment of objective 16, “Peace, justice and solid institutions”, of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Therefore, a contextualization of libraries as peace-promoting entities is carried out and the project, its genesis and significance are described. Likewise, the conclusions and learning that have been obtained so far with the development of this collaborative project between the School of Biology and the School of Library and Information Sciences of the University of Costa Rica are presented.
Effect of the percentage of MUF adhesive coverage on shear strength when bonding different wood species
Authors: Nociar Marek , Pipíška Tomáš , Král Pavel , Grbec Samo , Šernek Milan
Published: July 2024

Due to climate changes, it is necessary to consider the use of other wood species to replace currently used woods. This work deals with the determination of the shear strength of bonded veneers (eight European wood species: spruce, larch, pine, beech, oak, poplar, birch, and alder) with Silekol® 311 melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive (MUF) with a variable coverage on the surface of the samples: 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 50, 75, and 100%. The Automated Bonding Evaluation System (ABES) was used to evaluate and compare adhesive bond strengths. The larch, beech, and oak samples exhibited greater single-lap shear strength than the control samples from spruce. There was no statistically significant difference in shear strength regarding the adhesive coverage from 100% to 20% on the surface of the samples, for almost all wood species. The results of the project provide basic information about the bonding strengths with different coverage in the adhesive layer, comparing non-commonly used wood species in wood-based composites such as oriented strand board and particleboard.
POCHVENNICHESTVO AND SYMBOLIC REALISM OF V. P. ASTAFIEV AND V. G. RASPUTIN
Authors: Bolshakova Alla
Published: July 2024

Since the beginning of the 21 century, when leading villagers (Astafiev, Belov, Rasputin) began to leave one after another, and it became easier for versifiers from different ideological positions to criticize their works, there was a need to protect village prose — the leading literary trend of the second half of the twentieth century. To do this, literary critics began to resurrect ideological attitudes (that were in demand in times of crisis to stabilize national consciousness), but not always justifiably, which caused a new wave of denial. The purpose of this article is to verify the existing and identify new approaches to village prose and poetics of its leading representatives in a similar context. The understanding of the subject in the context of traditionalism and conservatism is critically rechecked. The task of studying the poetics of such leading literary masters as Astafiev, Rasputin, comes to the fore from the point of view of the implementation in their artistic method of the “pochvennichestvo” ideology, most deeply rooted in the peasant-agricultural worldview. The author’s tasks include the verification of the terminological content of pochvennichestvo, its historical genesis in the works of Dostoevsky, the coupling of the pochvennichestvo theory and literature, as well as its modifications in the “new pochvennichestvo” by Astafiev, Rasputin and other masters of village prose. First and foremost, research material included the new artistic method of symbolic realism, where the key ideologeme “earth–soil” has found implementation in the image-symbol of Mother Earth, the primary basis for this literary trend. This position is proven through the analysis of the poetics of Astafiev and Rasputin, whose new method and its key image-symbol have acquired a vivid artistic individualization. Nevertheless, as a result, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that one should not limit the artistic ideology of Astafiev or Rasputin to any one direction of philosophical thought, since the poetics of these artists is complex and multifaceted.
On weighted Amarendra distribution with properties and applications
Authors: Shanker Rama , Prodhani Hosenur Rahman
Published: July 2024

In this paper some statistical properties including nature of hazard function, mean residual life function, and moments based descriptive statistical constants including coefficient of variation, skweness, kurtosis and index of dispersion of the weighted Amarendra distribution has been discussed. Two methods of estimation, namely, maximum likelihood estimation and maximum product spacing estimation have been discussed. The simulation study has been presented to know the consistency of the estimator of parameters given by the two methods of estimation. Confidence intervals of the parameters are given. The goodness of fit of the distribution has been demonstrated with two real lifetime datasets and the goodness of fit shows that weighted Amarendra distribution provides better fit over weighted Pratibha distribution, weighted Komal distribution, weighted Lindley distribution, weighted Garima distribution, weighted Sujatha distribution, weighted Akash distribution and Gamma distribution.
The knowledge of lies
Authors: B González Yeslando , Sianga Mary , K Muzata Kenneth , Milambo Fidelity
Published: July 2024

From the point of view of the dialogue partner and interpretive knowledge, a way of seeing and assuming the events that humanity experiences and experiences towards a new reinterpretation of knowledge is explained. We are at a crossroads that we assume and unintentionally cause discouragement in human beings. The fact of how it will be resolved still represents a mystery for each individual on a day-to-day basis. This work is presented in several parts, from a pretension of initial political and educational ideas, the opening of the socio-anthropological method and the dialectic of possible solutions.
ANTITUMOR EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMBINED APPLICATION OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND B. SUBTILIS IMV B-7724 LECTIN
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fedosova N.I. , Cheremshenko N.L. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chumak A.V. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tikhonov V.G. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tarnopolska K.D. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Voyeykova I.M. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Summary. Aim: to investigate of the antitumor effectiveness of the combined use of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium and the extracellular metabolite (lectin) of B. subtilis IMV B-7724. Object and methods: studies were performed on Balb/c mice (n = 52). Ehrlich adenocarcinoma was used as an experimental model. Starting from the 2nd day after the transplantation of tumor cells, the animals of the experimental groups were injected with lectin B. subtilis IMV B-7724 (s/c, 1 mg/kg of body weight, No. 10), B. animalis (per os, 7×105 CFU/ mouse, No. 10) or used their combination. The frequency of transplantation (%), the latent period of tumor emergence, the volume of tumors (mm3), and the life expectancy of animals were evaluated. Statistical processing of the results was carried out according to generally accepted methods of variational statistics. Results: administration of B. subtilis IMB B-7724 lectin (both alone and in combination with B. animalis) to mice with Ehrlich adenocarcinoma resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor growth. The tumor growth inhibition index was 55.0 and 50.5%, respectively. the animals of these groups were also characterized by a statistically significant increase in life expectancy compared to the control group: by 61.4 and 50.0%, respectively. The use of B. animalis alone did not have such a pronounced effect. Conclusion: on the Ehrlich adenocarcinoma model, a pronounced antitumor effect (inhibition of primary tumor growth, increase in life expectancy), both with the combined use of B. animalis and B. subtilis IMV B-7724 lectin, and with the separate administration of the bacterial lectin was demonstrated. The use of B. animalis alone did not affect the dynamics of tumor growth and the life expectancy of animals.
Дослідження середньовічної німецькомовної історіографії та джерел дніпропетровськими істориками у 1940‑х–1980‑х роках.
Authors: Venger A.G.
Published: July 2024

У статті розглянуто розвиток досліджень середньовічної німецькомовної історіографії та джерел дніпропетровськими істориками у 1940–1980‑х рр. Простежено наукову діяльність Якова Рубіна, Юрія Мицика та Миколи Кулінського, визначено результати їх досліджень.
Bernhard Lisovskyi – a German in the millstones of Stalinist repressions
Authors: Chepurko O.O. , Boiko O.V.
Published: July 2024

For the first time in historiography, the authors devoted an article to the tragic fate of Bernhard Lisovskyi (1898–1937), a German by origin, who, like many other representatives of national minorities, was absorbed by the flywheel of Soviet repression in the 1930s. The complete absence of scientific works devoted to the life and circumstances of the death of Bernhard Lisovskyi was revealed; only few mentions of him were found, which are contained in publications, primarily memoirs dedicated to the life and work of his famous brother, the artist Robert Lisovskyi. The research is based mainly on the analysis of the sources that have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation – the materials of two archival-investigative cases of Bernhard Lisovskyi, which are stored in the archives of the Dnipro city.  The reconstruction of the biography of Bernhard Lisovskyi was carried out, the circle of his closest people and their fate in life were outlined. The documents of the archival- investigative cases of Bernhard Lisovskyi were analyzed, the reasons and detailed course of repressive actions against him were clarified. It was determined that the persecution of Lisovskyi took place in two stages: 1) in 1935, when due to the lack of convincing evidence of his guilt, first in espionage, and later in anti- Soviet agitation, the case was closed and Bernhard was released; 2) in 1937 – the final decision on his liquidation based on artificially created accusations regarding Lisovskyi’s participation in the anti- Soviet Polish military organization and planning terrorist activities. The course of the investigation of his case by the special services was considered, in particular, the investigation protocols with the testimony of Lisovskyi, witnesses, and eyewitness accounts were studied. The main reason for his arrest was determined to be his ethnic origin, which in most cases became the decisive factor for the relentless use of repressive measures against him. It has been proven that the investigators were constantly searching for new evidence of Bernhard’s anti- Soviet activities (communication with foreign relatives, campaigning, past connections with Germans, etc.), which would give the least reason to connect Bernhard Lisovskyi with espionage, counter- revolutionary network activities. The details of the second arrest of Bernhard Lisovskyi and the efforts of the NKVD authorities to include him together with other Kamianske residents in a fabricated case against the fictitious Polish underground, subversive- intelligence, terrorist organization – PMO are covered. The circumstances of the political rehabilitation of Bernhard Lisovskyi and the prospects of further scientific research into the case of PMO in Dnipropetrovsk oblast are separately disclosed.
Accidental discovery of tombstones concerning the Bergmans family in the	village of Solone, Dnipropetrovsk region
Authors: Gabor K.A. , Lavrenko V.S.
Published: July 2024

The essay describes the accidental discovery of three children’s tombstones that belonged to the Mennonite Bergman family, whose estate used to be located in the village of Solone (Herman Abraham Bergman, Suzanne Herman Bergman, Anna Abraham Bergman). The tombstones were fitted into the house dating back to 1961 and used as building material. Prospects of museification of the mentioned commemorative stone plastics were studied.
Navigating allergies safely: tailored solutions in special circumstances – a comprehensive review of antihistamines
Authors: Feleszko Wojciech , Woroń Jarosław
Published: July 2024

Personalised medicine is critical in managing allergic diseases, with the variety of second-generation antihistamines necessitating tailored approaches to individual patient needs. This encompasses considerations of age, pregnancy, breastfeeding, hepatic and renal failure, drug interactions, and aging. This paper synthesises current research and guidelines on the use of antihistamines across diverse clinical scenarios, paying special attention to paediatric allergy treatment, including safety profiles of first- and second-generation antihistamines, their use during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and interactions with other drugs, as well as considerations for elderly patients. Second-generation antihistamines are preferred for allergy treatment due to their safety, minimal adverse effects, and efficacy, with a strong recommendation against the use of first-generation antihistamines due to their potential to induce severe adverse reactions. Cetirizine, levocetirizine, and desloratadine are favoured in infants; whereas loratadine, rupatadine, and bilastine are recommended for preschoolers and older children. The safety of selected second-generation antihistamines during pregnancy (notably cetirizine, levocetirizine, desloratadine) and breastfeeding (notably loratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine), in patients with renal failure and elderly patients (bilastine, desloratadine, fexofenadine), and patients with hepatic failure (bilastine, fexofenadine) is highlighted. The choice of second-generation antihistamines should be based on the patients’ individual needs and conditions to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes and ensure safety, emphasising the importance of drug selection in varying clinical contexts.
Thoracic fluid content as a useful diagnostic marker of resting dyspnoea in patients hospitalised due to acute heart failure
Authors: Galas Agata , Krzesiński Paweł , Gielerak Grzegorz
Published: July 2024

Background: Dyspnoea is one of the most common symptoms in the emergency department, and identification of its cause may require complex diagnostic tests. In everyday practice, some concerns arise when the reported dyspnoea is not fully compatible with objective measures in additional tests. This study was performed to evaluate which objective diagnostic markers differentiate patients admitted to hospital due to acute heart failure with and without resting dyspnoea, with a special emphasis on haemodynamic parameters measured by impedance cardiography. Methods: This study enrolled patients over 18 years of age who were hospitalised due to acute heart failure. The admission evaluation included haemodynamic profiling by ICG, with special emphasis on parameters characterising afterload (systemic vascular resistance index), cardiac function (cardiac index; stroke index), and congestion (thoracic fluid content). Results: The study population consisted of 102 patients, mostly men (76.5%), with a mean age of 71.4 ± 12.5 years and a left ventricle ejection fraction of 37.3 ± 14.1%. Patients with dyspnoea at rest (n = 41), in comparison with those without this symptom (n = 61), presented with poorer clinical states: more frequent orthopnoea (p = 0.002), tachypnoea (p = 0.001), palpitations (p = 0.004), and peripheral hypoperfusion (p = 0.0005), higher concentration of high-sensitivity troponin T (p = 0.021), and higher thoracic fluid content (p = 0.003). No significant differences were noted for haemoglobin, creatinine, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, heart rate, blood pressure, chest X-ray, left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac index, stroke index, or systemic vascular resistance index. Conclusions: Thoracic fluid content assessed by impedance cardiography was found to be a good diagnostic marker for differentiating patients admitted to hospital due to acute heart failure with and without resting dyspnoea, and was superior to chest X-rays, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and left ventricle ejection fraction.
Assessment of correctness of foot shape and correlations with anthropometric indicators and the centre of body gravity in preschool children
Authors: Smyk Paulina , Zreda-Pikies Aneta , Simińska Joanna , Czarnecki Damian , Lewicka Marta , Kurylak Andrzej
Published: July 2024

Introduction and objective: Preschool and early school age plays an important role in shaping the foot and posture in children. The aims of the study were to assess the correctness of foot shape in preschool children and to determine possible correlations with age, gender, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI), and the centre of body gravity.  Materials and methods: A study of feet and anthropometric parameters was carried out in children aged 4–6 years. Foot examination was performed using a podoscope and a strain gauge platform, while body weight was assessed using a Tanita device. Body weight, height, Clarke’s angle, centre of gravity, and WHtR were analysed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the value of the Clarke’s angle between the left and right feet in both girls and boys, regardless of the age group. The BMI did not correlate statistically with the results of the Clarke’s angle measurements, both for all the subjects and taking into account their age. The BMI value was statistically significantly correlated with the centre of body gravity due to the correct WHtR. Conclusions: The study confirmed that the longitudinal arch of the foot shows no clear sexual dimorphism. The BMI and Clarke’s angle were not dependent on each other in the study group. The study showed no changes in the centre of body gravity in relation to the children’s body shape.
Flavours of Andorra
Authors: Locker Alison
Published: July 2024

An overview of Andoran food and local agricultural and pastoral lifestyles.
Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella; Sten Hedberg, translator: Tolv böcker om lantbruk
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: July 2024

Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella; Sten Hedberg, translator: Tolv böcker om lantbruk. Stockholm: Kungl. Skogs- och Lantbruksakademien, undated [2012?] ISBN 978-91-85205-77-6
Cereal: a quarterly magazine in pursuit of food and travel
Authors: Clark Letitia
Published: July 2024

Cereal: a quarterly magazine in pursuit of food and travel: (produced in Bristol): all details and subscription information (£35 per annum) available from , although it can be bought retail at a few select outlets (Foyles in London or Daylesford Organic for the richer of you).
Elizabeth Taylor: The Art of Cookery: with an introduction by David R. Brenchley
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: July 2024

Elizabeth Taylor: The Art of Cookery: with an introduction by David R. Brenchley: Berwick History Society, 2002: 318 pp., h/b, £15.00. (Obtainable from the Archives Office, Wallace Green, Berwick-upon-Tweed, or from Susan C. Stanbury at 57 Church Street, Berwick-upon-Tweed TD15 1EE).
Mark Harvey, Steve Quilley and Huw Beynon: Exploring the Tomato. Transformations of Nature, Society and Economy
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: July 2024

Mark Harvey, Steve Quilley and Huw Beynon: Exploring the Tomato. Transformations of Nature, Society and Economy: Edward Elgar, 2002:  ISBN 1843761890: 304 pp., h/b, £55.00.
Autonomia para gestão de medicamentos em pacientes com transtornos mentais: Protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Laudares Thaiza , Silva Gabriela , Lima Lucas , Dias Allana , Bento Mariana , Souza Iriene , Carmo Andreia , Sampaio Cristina
Published: July 2024

Os transtornos psiquiátricos afetam milhões de pessoas globalmente, representando um grande desafio para a saúde pública. A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso é fundamental para o manejo eficaz desses transtornos, mas as taxas de não adesão são variáveis e preocupantes. Diversos fatores, como preocupações com efeitos colaterais, desconhecimento sobre a doença, custos do tratamento e medo de dependência, estão associados à não adesão. Este estudo explora a importância da autonomia do paciente na saúde mental, destacando estratégias centradas no paciente para melhorar a adesão ao tratamento. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de práticas inovadoras que empoderem os pacientes, promovendo uma participação ativa e informada nas decisões de tratamento, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida e os resultados terapêuticos.
Pipe piles and split-cables: reinforcing weak mine pits
Authors: Kang Y. , Zhou X. , Li X. , Hao Q. , Liu T. , Liu B.
Published: July 2024

To mitigate the instability problem of heavy equipment foundations in deep coal mine chambers under high geo-stress, this study proposes a combined reinforcement strategy for foundation pits, which are mainly composed of pipe piles and split-level vertical cables. The weak rock mass around the pit is reinforced using combined cables and grouting. The split-level-arranged cables with different lengths improve the tensional strength of the rock mass, whereas the pipe pile at the pit corner can enhance the shear strength. The overall performance of the structure in terms of bearing capacity can be significantly enhanced by pouring pipe piles to integrate them and the pump foundation to form a cohesive structure. Both the foundation integrity and foundation pit strength can be improved by stepwise support technology. Finally, an improved reinforcement strategy is implemented in a deep-pump chamber in the Huainan mining area. The monitoring results indicate that the foundation pit stability was successfully controlled and floor cracking and tilting of the pump foundation were avoided by using the improved support method.
Seismic stability charts for three-dimensional rock slopes using Hoek–Brown criterion
Authors: Sun C. , Lin Y. , Chai J. , Chen X. , Liu K. , Tian A.
Published: July 2024

Seismic excitation serves as a crucial trigger for slope collapse in seismically active regions. This study employs the non-linear shear strength reduction (SSR) technique in conjunction with the pseudo-static method to analyse the seismic stability of three-dimensional (3D) rock slopes following the generalised Hoek–Brown (GHB) criterion. Considering the non-linear characteristics of the GHB envelope, the instantaneous Mohr–Coulomb (MC) parameters for rock masses are identified by locating the tangent at the intersection of the GHB envelope with the shear and normal stress planes. These parameters are subsequently incorporated into the non-linear SSR analysis for seismic stability based on the MC criterion. The non-linear SSR technique is then validated by comparing the calculated factor of safety (FOS) with those from other methods and used to assess the impact of geometric and GHB parameters on the FOS of 3D rock slopes. Finally, a set of seismic stability charts for 3D rock slopes in GHB media has been developed and applied to evaluate the seismic stability of two practical rock slope cases following the GHB failure envelope.
Yield-line-based design of fibre-reinforced concrete: assessment of suitability of material models
Authors: Koorikkattil Ajeesh , Nayar Sunitha K. , Venudharan Veena
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research was to assess the adequacy of material models based on flexural toughness (such as equivalent and residual flexural strength) and the deflection limits at which these parameters are estimated for the design of fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) for various applications such as slabs-on-grade and pavements. The experimental work was conducted using FRC mixes with hooked-end steel fibres (SF) or macro polypropylene fibres (PF) and hybrid combinations of SF and PF. Toughness testing was carried out on unnotched and notched prisms and square slabs, prepared with a typical grade of concrete used for FRC pavement applications. To validate the material models, comparisons were made between the theoretical moment/load calculated based on material flexural toughness parameters and the actual moment obtained from slabs using the yield line formed during testing. It was found that, overall, both equivalent flexural strength (from unnotched prism tests) and residual flexural strength (from notched prism tests) are suitable for designing FRC slabs. However, the equivalent strength showed better correlation to the slab response. Hybrid PF–SF mixes with a higher volume fraction of 0.6% showed a marginal increase in flexural performance compared with mixes with a lower volume fraction but no or minimal synergy due to hybridisation.
How building arrangements can improve outdoor thermal comfort and indoor sunlight?
Authors: Song Zipeng , Wang Yuedong , Li Jingang , Liu Tao , Li Yingnan
Published: July 2024

In the context of frequent extreme hot weather conditions, high-dense urban areas posed more life-threatening challenges. Such as university dormitories, as important residential spaces, have received very little attention. Moreover, how building arrangements can simultaneously impact internal and external environments remain poorly understood. To bridge this gap, student residential areas of Jiangsu University in Zhenjiang, China were considered as a case study, with the aim of optimal building arrangements that can simultaneously improve the outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) and indoor sunlight (ISL). A combination of on-site measurement and numerical models were employed to simulate various scenarios with different building orientations, building heights and layouts. The result revealed that: first, the building orientation emerged as a dominant factor influencing both OTC and ISL, with the optimal value identified as SE-30°. Second, in the context of extremely hot weather conditions, increasing building height or floor-area ratio contributed to improved OTC. Finally, the building arrangement with inconsistent heights of north-to-south descending order, exhibited a notable reduction in hot outdoor spaces by 18.6%, and attributed to enhanced airflow. The findings provide clear guidelines for improved strategies at the detailed urban design scale, and can further contribute to the development of sustainable cities.
Long-Term Kidney Outcomes after Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Robinson Cal H. , Jeyakumar Nivethika , Luo Bin , Askenazi David , Deep Akash , Garg Amit X. , Goldstein Stuart , Greenberg Jason H. , Mammen Cherry , Nash Danielle M. , Parekh Rulan S. , Silver Samuel A. , Thabane Lehana , Wald Ron , Zappitelli Michael , Chanchlani Rahul
Published: July 2024

Key Points

Among 4173 children with AKI, 18% had major adverse kidney events (death, kidney failure, or CKD) during a median 10-year follow-up.

AKI survivors were at 2–4 times higher risk of major adverse kidney events, hypertension, and subsequent AKI versus matched hospitalized comparators.

This justifies improved surveillance after pediatric AKI to detect CKD and hypertension early and improve long-term kidney health.

Background

AKI is common in hospitalized children. Pediatric AKI receiving acute KRT is associated with long-term CKD, hypertension, and death. We aim to determine the outcomes after AKI in children who did not receive acute KRT because these remain uncertain.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of all hospitalized children (0–18 years) surviving AKI without acute KRT between 1996 and 2020 in Ontario, Canada, identified by validated diagnostic codes in provincial administrative health databases. Children with prior KRT, CKD, or AKI were excluded. Cases were matched with up to four hospitalized comparators without AKI by age, neonatal status, sex, intensive care unit admission, cardiac surgery, malignancy, hypertension, hospitalization era, and a propensity score for AKI. Patients were followed until death, provincial emigration, or censoring in March 2021. The primary outcome was long-term major adverse kidney events (a composite of all-cause mortality, long-term KRT, or incident CKD).

Results

We matched 4173 pediatric AKI survivors with 16,337 hospitalized comparators. Baseline covariates were well-balanced following propensity score matching. During a median 9.7-year follow-up, 18% of AKI survivors developed long-term major adverse kidney event versus 5% of hospitalized comparators (hazard ratio [HR], 4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6 to 4.4). AKI survivors had higher rates of long-term KRT (2% versus <1%; HR, 11.7; 95% CI, 7.5 to 18.4), incident CKD (16% versus 2%; HR, 7.9; 95% CI, 6.9 to 9.1), incident hypertension (17% versus 8%; HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 2.1 to 2.6), and AKI during subsequent hospitalization (6% versus 2%; HR, 3.7; 95% CI, 3.1 to 4.5), but no difference in all-cause mortality (3% versus 3%; HR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.1).

Conclusions

Children surviving AKI without acute KRT were at higher long-term risk of CKD, long-term KRT, hypertension, and subsequent AKI versus hospitalized comparators.
A Urine pH-Ammonium Acid/Base Score and CKD Progression
Authors: Svendsen Samuel Levi , Rousing Amalie Quist , Carlsen Rasmus Kirkeskov , Khatir Dinah , Jensen Danny , Hansen Nikita Misella , Salomo Louise , Birn Henrik , Buus Niels Henrik , Leipziger Jens , Sorensen Mads Vaarby , Berg Peder
Published: July 2024

Key Points

This study developed a urine acid/base score to assess tubular acid excretion capacity and identify early acid retention in CKD.

The results show that early signs of acid retention (a low acid/base score) are associated with a higher risk for CKD progression.

Future research should address if a low urine acid/base score can be improved and if this translates into clinically meaningful effects.

Background

Acidosis is associated with exacerbated loss of kidney function in CKD. Currently, acid/base status is assessed by plasma measures, although organ-damaging covert acidosis, subclinical acidosis, may be present before reflected in plasma. Low urine NH4
+ excretion associates with poor kidney outcomes in CKD and is proposed as a marker for subclinical acidosis. However, low NH4
+ excretion could result from either a low capacity or a low demand for acid excretion. We hypothesized that a urine acid/base score reflecting both the demand and capacity for acid excretion would better predict CKD progression.

Methods

Twenty-four–hour urine collections were included from three clinical studies of patients with CKD stage 3 and 4: a development cohort (N=82), a variation cohort (N=58), and a validation cohort (N=73). A urine acid/base score was derived and calculated from urinary pH and [NH4
+]. Subclinical acidosis was defined as an acid/base score below the lower limit of the 95% prediction interval of healthy controls. The main outcomes were change in measured GFR after 18 months and CKD progression (defined as ≥50% decline in eGFR, initiation of long-term dialysis, or kidney transplantation) during up to 10 years of follow-up.

Results

Subclinical acidosis was prevalent in all cohorts (n=54/82, 48/73, and 40/58, respectively, approximately 67%). Subclinical acidosis was associated with an 18% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2 to 32) larger decrease of measured GFR after 18 months. During a median follow-up of 6 years, subclinical acidosis was associated with a higher risk of CKD progression. Adjusted hazard ratios were 9.88 (95% CI, 1.27 to 76.7) in the development cohort and 11.1 (95% CI, 2.88 to 42.5) in the validation cohort. The acid/base score had a higher predictive value for CKD progression than NH4
+ excretion alone.

Conclusions

Subclinical acidosis, defined by a new urine acid/base score, was associated with a higher risk of CKD progression in patients with CKD stage 3 and 4.
The categorical imperative in the balancing test and the due motivation in sentences of the Peruvian Constitutional Court
Authors: Ríos A. Luis Enrique
Published: July 2024

This research determined that the application of the categorical imperative helps to improve the motivation of the cases in which the Constitutional Court applies the balancing. When in a case, two constitutional principles are in conflict, to resolve the case, the Constitutional Court must make one prevail and if it decides to apply the balancing, it would improve the motivation if it includes a philosophical element such as the categorical imperative whose nature is in force and thus questions about the arbitrariness of the decision would be avoided or reduced. Thirty-five judgments of the Constitutional Court have been taken as a sample in which the balancing has been applied and in which we have inserted the categorical imperative in their motivation, improving their motivation. It concluded that applying the categorical imperative in the motivation of the balancing contributes to the motivation of the sentences in which the balancing has been applied.
Reconfiguring Trujillo: A study of spatial syntax and its influence on territorial articulation and urban optimization
Authors: Torres Vanegas Magdiel
Published: July 2024

This study analyzes the influence of spatial syntax on articulation in 36 urban sectors of Trujillo, with the objective of identifying strategies to optimize the planning and urban design of the city. Through a detailed analysis of the spatial conFiguration, we seek to understand how the relationships between different urban components affect territorial and social cohesion. Likewise, this knowledge can be applied to improve the integration and functionality of urban spaces, using geo-referenced information systems applied in the analysis of spatial syntax and its four dimensions, patterns of connectivity, accessibility and spatial segregation were identified. The findings reveal that the nine sectors with high spatial integration promote greater social interaction and accessibility, while the nine sectors with low connectivity present challenges in terms of segregation and isolation. These results underscore the importance of incorporating principles of spatial syntax into urban planning and management to foster more cohesive and equitable performance-based environments. The study concludes with specific recommendations addressed to urban planners and designers, highlighting the need for integrated approaches that consider spatial complexity for effective territorial articulation in Trujillo.
Violation of the principle of the best interests of the child in maintenance proceedings due to non-attendance of parties
Authors: Pérez Vera Felicita Esperanza
Published: July 2024

The general objective of this investigation was to analyze whether the principle of the best interest of the child is violated due to the non-concurrence of the parties, it is a qualitative approach, basic type, grounded theory design at a descriptive-interpretive, hermeutic level and the instruments used to collect The information was the interview guide and the documentary analysis guide. In conclusion, it was determined that, if the principle of the best interest of the child is violated, the application of which is mandatory in food processes, however, in the food process it is transgressed as a result of the application of article 203 of the Code of Civil Procedure, whose The effects are negative due to the violation of the basic rights of the obligee, which is why the modification of the aforementioned rule is necessary.
Los diccionarios en el mundo ELE: ayer, hoy y mañana (una reflexión desde la propia experiencia)
Authors: Maldonado González Concepción
Published: July 2024

Two essential questions must be answered if we want to be successful when we work on a pedagogical lexicographical project specially designed to teach Spanish as a foreign language: Must foreign students consult a monolingual dictionary or a bilingual one? Why do lexicographers and teachers insist on the use of dictionary as a useful tool to learn Spanish over the long term, if users have always demanded the dictionary be a quick and effective way of solving immediate doubts? Only if we know with certainty the answer to these two questions, and only if we are prepared to assume that dictionaries also include digital versions, will we be able to deal with our task successfully.
Editorial
Authors: Nomdedeu Rull Antoni
Published: July 2024

El número 10, centrado en el ámbito de la Lexicografía pedagógica digital desde diferentes perspectivas: tecnología con fines lexicográficos, recursos lexicográficos electrónicos multilingües y plurilingües; investigaciones de mercado en lexicografía comercial; tratamiento de adjetivos en diccionarios para aprendices extranjeros de español.
El tratamiento de adjetivos en diccionarios para aprendices extranjeros de español
Authors: Dam Jensen Helle , Tarp Sven
Published: July 2024

Foreign learners who write texts in Spanish are often in doubt about the syntactic properties of adjectives, e.g. their preposition or postposition. Based on a small test and an analysis of four Spanish learner’s dictionaries, this contribution proposes a model of how syntactic combinations can be treated in future digital dictionaries for this particular user group.
Las investigaciones de mercado en lexicografía comercial: un aprendizaje para el mundo académico e investigador
Authors: Maldonado González Mª Concepción
Published: July 2024

In recent years, lexicographic studies of an academic and university nature have emphasised the need of market surveys and user behaviour research among real groups of dictionary users. The initiative is both laudable and necessary, but it is one that constantly surprises the world of commercial and business lexicography, where no project begins without a prior market study that guarantees both the economic viability of the project and its accuracy in meeting the needs of potential customers. This article offers an overview of three different market studies, conducted in Spain in 1989, 2001 and 2010. The objective is to demonstrate how a thorough knowledge of the target market to whom the dictionary is aimed influences the definition of the lexicographic product (in terms of defining both the form and the content). And how now, in contrast, the work of lexicography is not so much about developing products for specific users, but rather collaborating on the development of different consultation tools and, in particular, working as the collectors and administrators of data that is included within these other tools (writing assistants, translators, editors etc.), which act as intermediaries between our work and the end user.
Language switching: Exploring writers’ perceptions on the use of their L1s in the L2 writing process
Authors: Plata-Ramírez José Miguel
Published: July 2024

Recent research about L2 writing indicates that L2 writers are likely to instruct themselves on how and what to do during the writing process, using both languages to do so. This constant switch between their L1 and their L2 during their L2 composing process is known as «language-switching» (L-S). The main goals in this qualitative study were two: a) to explore the perceptions these participants have about their L2 composing process and particularly on the use of their L1s in the L2 writing process and b) to depict the perceptions, understandings and tensions these participants have about their personal L2 composing process. The participants in this study were four students in an American university who completed two L2 writing tasks. Data collected included interview transcripts, think aloud protocols (TAPs), reflection sessions, videotapes, students’ written texts and observations. Findings revealed that most participants were aware of the benefits that L-S brought to their L2 writing process. Their L1s helped them organize ideas, write better texts and understand the tasks given. Findings also suggest that L-S seems to be a conscious process for those who use their L2s as a second language, and an unconscious mental process for those who use their L2s as a foreign language. This study also revealed that time frame, prompts, lack of L2 proficiency, and TAPs can influence the participants’ L2 writing process negatively.