bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expert System for Diagnosing Osteoarthritis with Fuzzy Tsukamoto Method
Authors: Hardi SM , Triwiyono A , Amalia
Published: November 2020

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease involving the cartilage, the lining of the joints, ligaments, and bones, causing pain and stiffness in the joints that suffer from these symptoms. People often ignore pain that occurs when moving the shoulder, plate, knee and hand pain when it has great potential are the symptoms of the disease Osteoarthritis. Expert systems can be used as a system to identify disease Osteoarthritis. With Osteoarthritis disease diagnosis expert system then expected to help people to detect diseases early Osteoarthritis and can consult with a doctor before continuing to a more dangerous stage. In this research using Fuzzy Tsukamoto Algorithm method, which method is an extension of the reasoning Tsukamoto monotonous, every consequent formed IF-Then rules should be presented with a fuzzy set. As a result, output inference of each rule is given explicitly by predicate. Result is obtained by using a weighted average (center average defuzzifier). Symptoms of Osteoarthritis serve as fuzzy values which will then be sorted according to a predetermined membership function. After fuzzy value of the calculation has been obtained, then fuzzy value will be converted into firm value using a weighted average. From these results it can be concluded that the accuracy of the expert system that has been built to have an accuracy of 90% that is 18 of the 20 patients who had been tested using an expert system that has been built
Elaboration Factors of Success in The Application of Community-Based Solid Waste Management and Composting Technology
Authors: Ramadhayanti Ana , Nurhidayati  , Sari Imelda , Kuspriyono Taat
Published: November 2020

This study aims to describe the elaboration of success factors in community-based waste management in Waste Bank and composting technology in Flamboyan Indah RW 05 Kelurahan Rawa Badak Selatan, Koja in 2020. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods using primary data to become research objects in RW 05, Desa Rawa Badak Selatan and secondary data from sources and literature. We conduct field studies, including observations and interviews. Koja area is an area with a high population increase accompanied by an increase in organic and inorganic waste. This condition requires community involvement to help manage and reduce waste by processing waste directly from the source. The action taken is to divide the two forms of garbage, inorganic waste is processed by the Community-Based Waste Management System (CBSWM) or waste bank and organic waste with composting technology. Composting technology uses a fermentation process in it. The results of this study concluded that the successful implementation of the CBSWM system and composting technology invited active community involvement by providing economic benefits. But on the other hand this system has weaknesses such as limited land and economies of scale that have not made it possible for technology investments that require large funds.
The Issues on Time Synchronization Technology in Time Triggered Ethernet
Authors: Liu Shijia , Hamdulla Askar
Published: November 2020

Based on the idea of time-triggered, global unified high precision time synchronization is the foundation of network deterministic communication. In the process of time synchronization, clock synchronization algorithm, transmission delay, clock drift and so on will affect the accuracy of clock synchronization. It is a great technical challenge to realize high precision and reliable clock synchronization. This paper collates and analyses the relevant literature, first introduces the time-triggered Ethernet, then analyses the time synchronization protocol that can be used for high-precision clock synchronization, reviews the development status of time synchronization technology and makes an overall analysis. Finally summarizes the clock synchronization difficulty and prospects the development trend of the time synchronization technology.
An Automated Method for Bacterial Flora Counting Based on Image Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiyuan , Liu Jinke , Zheng Xingkai , Chen Xi , Que Yutao , Ma Borong
Published: November 2020

How to quickly detect the characteristics of water quality flora, such as bacterial flora number, is a key problem of water quality safety, the traditional manual counting method has some serious defects such as low efficiency, low accuracy, easy to cause visual fatigue and hard to deal with large samples. This paper designs an automated method for bacterial flora counting based on image analysis, including such modules as pretreatment of bacterial image classification and colony counting of culture medium images by filter method (using Hough circle detection algorithm and a circle deduplication algorithm). The accuracy of experimental results is above 90%, which is in line with international standards, and the time complexity of the algorithms is up to the order of square. This method can solve the problems of heavy workload and low efficiency in traditional manual counting method.
Research on Image Fuzzy Enhancement Algorithm with Tanh Operator
Authors: Liu Xiwen
Published: November 2020

Improvements are proposed in this paper to overcome the drawbacks of traditional fuzzy enhancement algorithms. Tanh operator is used as membership function, and fuzzy enhancement function are made up of simple power functions, and the image is divided into two regions by adaptive segmentation method, one is high grey region, the other is low grey region, pixels in one region are enhanced, and pixels in the other region are reduced. Simulation results show that this algorithm has good ability to increase image’s contrast, and it is a simple and efficient way to enhance blur edges.
Research on the Construction Strategy of Landscape Architecture Space Experience Based on the Concept of Cartography
Authors: Tang Fangli
Published: November 2020

As a medium connecting landscape, architecture and city, cartography provides a new design tool for architectural painting and a new way of intervention in the study of landscape architecture space experience. This paper will analyze the development process of “Cartography”, mainly introduce the relationship with landscape architecture, extract relevant information, and explore the strategy of Cartography in landscape architecture space experience.
Research on Location Privacy Protection Mechanism Based on No-Trusted User Cooperation
Authors: Wang Kunfu , Feng Wei , Mao Wanfeng , Wang Hui
Published: November 2020

With the development of Internet and wireless location technology, location-based service makes people’s life more convenient, and the threat to user privacy is growing. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing location privacy protection models, this paper proposes a new MHT model based on untrusted users. Through the multi hop transmission of the request information, the user’s location information can be rid of the correlation with the user, and the query request can be desensitized. It can provide precise location service and resist the collusion attack and reasoning attack, which effectively protects the user Location privacy.
The Past, Present and Future of Computer-aided Design
Authors: Tang Dan
Published: November 2020

Under the background of rapid development of digital design, this paper systematically introduces the development origin and technical strategy of computer-aided architectural design, discusses the origin of CAAD thought in depth, puts forward CAAD influence factors, and makes clear the different influence degree of CAAD strategy on architectural design process, and looks forward to the future development direction of CAAD based on this.
Design and Development of Welding Expert System
Authors: Gao Yulong , Zhang Shixin , He Jianying
Published: November 2020

With the gradual increase of welding laboratory business in recent years and the detection content is gradually widened, the development the informatization of welding related business scheduling, management, as well as experimental data analysis has become a crucial part of the whole welding work. This paper presents a welding expert system, which integrates the functions of experimental data collection, customer entrusting test project recommendation, test data detection, etc., so that users can conveniently and quickly realize customer entrusting information recommendation, welder qualification management and other related work, and test and evaluate the test data rapidly.
The Maximum Entropy Method for Bilevel Stochastic Programming
Authors: Wanna Zhou
Published: November 2020

Bi-level stochastic programming is a process of taking the optimal value of the lower level as the feedback to the upper level, and the constraint that the lower level has one single optimal solution can be relaxed in calculation. Using the maximum entropy method, the present study proposed an approximate calculation method for stochastic programming. The proposed method constructs a maximum entropy function for lower-level programming to approximately express the lower-level optimal value function, converts the bi-level stochastic programming problem into a single-level stochastic programming program, and hence obtains a calculation method for an approximation optimal solution (ε-optimal solution) of the bi-level stochastic programming problem.
Online multi-core ranking model for image retrieval
Authors: Zhao Xuezhuan , Pei Lishen , Zhang Zheng , Li Tao
Published: November 2020

With the popularity of social media services, efficient online image retrieval urgently needs to meet the diverse needs of network users. How to use the existing semantic information and social label information to establish a content model to bridge the semantic gap is an urgent problem to be solved. In this article, we propose an efficient online multi-core ranking model (OMKR), which is trained by minimizing the triplet loss of hard negative samples based on multiple query dimensions and complementary feature channels. By optimizing the sorting performance of multi-dimensional queries, the semantic consistency between image sorting and text query input is directly maximized without relying on the intermediate semantic annotation process. A large number of experiments on two social media data sets prove the advantages of our method in terms of retrieval performance.
Comparative Study of Short-Term Forecasting Methods for Soybean Oil Futures Based on LSTM, SVR, ES and Wavelet Transformation
Authors: Li Ganqiong , Chen Wei , Li Denghua , Wang Dongjie , Xu Shiwei
Published: November 2020

Short-term forecasting of futures market is valuable and is also a technical challenge. In this paper, a hybrid approach for soybean oil futures price forecasting is proposed based on time-series analysis methods. The method combines wavelet transformation and exponential smoothing so that the characteristics of the time series can be captured at different time scales, and forecasting based on exponential smoothing is applied at each time scale. A comparative case study is then conducted that compares the proposed method with other three methods which are an RNN network with Long Short-Term Memory units, a Support-Vector Regression model, and an Exponential Smoothing model without wavelet decomposition to the time series. It could be concluded that the forecasting error performance of ES and Wavelet-ES was better than LSTM and SVR, and the Wavelet-ES achieved the best results for the direction forecasting. The case study provides valuable reference for application of short-term futures price forecasting.
Dangerous goods identification algorithm based on Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Zhiyuan , Huang Lei
Published: November 2020

With the continuous progress of deep learning, the application has been extended to the identification of dangerous goods in the security inspection system. The quality of the identification algorithm directly determines the quality of the security inspection system. In this paper, a recognition algorithm based on Generative Adversarial Networks is proposed, which can continuously train the generation model and the discrimination model, and collect the image data samples that are blocked or too small, and then generate images with high similarity, so as to achieve the purpose of detecting and tracking the hidden or small dangerous goods. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively detect the dangerous goods and greatly improve the tracking effect.
Explicit Runge-Kutta scheme with high efficiency and energy dissipation for the Allen-Cahn equation
Authors: Li Ke , Zhang Huan
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a series of explicit Runge-Kutta solution to the Allen-Cahn equation, using the same energy and the square of the newly developed method were analyzed. Based on the explicit Runge-Kutta, we find that these schemes not only have high accuracy, high-order convergence and efficiency, but also have energy-consuming characteristics. We first convert the nonlinear Allen-Cahn equation into an equivalent equation that satisfies the law of quadratic energy dissipation. Then, we discretize the reconstruction by using the Runge-Kutta scheme in the time direction. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results verify the algorithm’s dissipation characteristics, convergence order and long-term simulation stability.
Deep learning based target detection algorithm for motion capture applications
Authors: Wang Haitao , Tong Xin , Lu Fengyun
Published: November 2020

Motion capture technology is the use of external devices to perform data recording and posture reproduction of the displacement of human structures. Deep learning algorithms are playing an increasingly important role in motion capture technology as the technology involves data that can be directly understood and processed by computers in terms of dimensional measurements, positioning of objects in physical space, and orientation determination. This paper presents an application of a convolutional neural network system, YOLO-V4, in the field of motion capture. YOLO-V4 system weight files are small and do not require high hardware requirements. It can also be implemented in PyTorch so that it can be deployed on mobile devices, enabling edge devices to run these models as well, relieving the space constraint of immovable signal capture devices and providing the advantages of high accuracy and high detection rate.
Research on the Key Technologies of the Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things
Authors: JiaDong Zhu
Published: November 2020

With the rapid development of social economy in China, the demand for electric power resources for all the industries is increasing, and it also puts forward higher requirements for the development and operation of electric power industry. In this context, the power industry is also constantly using new technologies for positive and efficient innovation. The Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things is a new technology. In the practical application, the Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things mainly relies on electronic information technology, uses the big clouds move wisdom and other network means to combine with the power system to ensure the power production and the user’s connection more closely and to implement the one-stop service and the management for the user and so on. The construction and application of the Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things can speed up the development of electric power industry in China, and realize the far-reaching development of electric power industry, so it is of practical significance to study its key technologies.
Massive Malware Variants Detection Based on Bag-of-words Perceptual Hashing
Authors: Yu Jian
Published: November 2020

Presently, most widely used malware detection methods use signature with reverse engineering to recognize malware variants. Nevertheless, this approach is problematic because the signatures simply modified by using packers on which compress and/or encrypt the executable code to evade detection. In this paper, we present a novel Bag-of-words perceptual hashing to detect variants. The proposed method visualizes malware binary code as grey-scale image, extracts the Grey-level Co-occurrence Matrix features vector and using Bag-of-words model to generate perceptual hashing for malware variants detection. Experimental results show that, the proposed method has a high accuracy and fast detection speed, and has good resilience to popular packers, which is suitable for massive malware variants detection.
Research on Laser-Visual Fusion-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Authors: Zhenga Jianjie , Zhang Haitao , Tang Kai , Kong Weidi
Published: November 2020

In consideration of the restrictions of the single-sensor SLAM system in different application scenarios, this paper proposes a laser-visual sensor fusion strategy on the basis of analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of laser SLAM and visual SLAM. In the local mapping stage, the laser stability is used to facilitate the visual SLAM system while in the global map generation stage, the point cloud map with rich texture information as constructed by the visual SLAM system is used to improve the missing map information of the laser SLAM system and finally obtain a globally consistent 2D grid map. Through indoor real scene experiments, the fused SLAM system is verified so as to improve the accuracy of localization and mapping and yield a favorable robustness by combining the strengths of both effectively.
Performance comparison of CKF and UKF in passive state noise of UAV
Authors: qingshun Huang , bing Deng
Published: November 2020

Interacting multiple model (IMM) is widely used in target tracking, and is recognized as the most effective method for maneuvering target tracking. In order to remove the motion state noise in UAV passive location, this paper uses the idea of target tracking algorithm for reference. By setting the observation station data points in advance, introducing detection factors into CV and CT models, and then constructing measurement equations through geometric kinematics and fusing IMM algorithm, the filtering performance of IMM-CKF-CV-CT and IMM-UKF-CV-CT under typical s-maneuver in two-dimensional plane is studied. The simulation results of MATLAB show that IMM-CKF-CV-CT has higher accuracy and stronger stability than IMM-UKF.
Robot dynamic trajectory tracking control algorithm based on steady-state closed-loop learning
Authors: Xiaoshengchen
Published: November 2020

In order to improve the stability control ability of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot, a dynamic trajectory tracking control algorithm of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot based on steady-state closed-loop learning is proposed. Gyroscope and rangefinder are used as information sensors of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot to collect position information of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot, fuse collected positioning information of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot, fuse physical information and measure parameters of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot by using dynamic information measurement method, and obtain mapping feature set of Cartesian space according to trajectory components of flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot. The pose information of the flexible lower limb exoskeleton robot is obtained through the forward kinematics, and the information is enhanced according to the spatial position information. The steady-state closed-loop learning method is adopted to realize the adaptive learning of the robot dynamic trajectory tracking control. The simulation results show that this method is adaptive to the dynamic trajectory tracking control of the robot, and the positioning control ability of the robot is strong.
Application of Big Data Technology in E-commerce
Authors: Shen Yang
Published: November 2020

Big data is a new type of conceptual content in recent years. Through the application of big data, it can effectively analyze massive amounts of data and associate various data together, which can have a positive significance for various social productions. This article summarizes the application advantages of big data technology in e-commerce based on previous work experience. The author also discusses the application of big data technology in e-commerce field from investigating target market, optimizing internal management, carrying out precision marketing and optimizing credit evaluation these five aspects of brand effect.
Chemical synthesis and research nanopowder of magnetic hard alloy Nd15Fe78B7
Authors: Abdurakhmonov O E , Yurtov E V , Savchenko E S , Savchenko A G
Published: November 2020

Hard magnetic nanopowders of the Nd15Fe78B7 alloy were synthesized by the reduction-diffusion reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Nd, Fe, and Fe-B oxides with CaH2 in a hydrogen atmosphere at 800 ° C. Nd, Fe, Fe-B oxides were obtained by precipitation and had the form of granules with an average particle size of neodymium oxide - 50 nm, iron oxide - 95 nm, iron borate - 57 nm. The particle size of the Nd15Fe78B7 alloy was 45-140 nm. It is shown that the proposed method is suitable for obtaining nanopowders of hard magnetic alloys of the Nd-Fe-B system.
Diamond-like carbon coatings alloyed with chromium – nanocomposite structure and tribological behavior in conditions of dry and boundary lubricated friction
Authors: Khrushchov M M , Buyanovskii I A , Marchenko E A , Samusenko V D , Antonova O S
Published: November 2020

The results have been presented of the vacuum deposited diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings alloyed with chromium investigation devoted to elucidate the mechanisms of their friction and wear in the conditions of unlubricated and partially lubricated tribological contact. It has been demonstrated that in these coatings the features of their micro- and nanocomposite structure formed by the nanosized inclusions of metallic chromium and its interstitials in the DLC matrix have a significant influence on the tribological behavior under dry friction. In the case of a boundary lubricated contact the common practice is to associate the main role of alloying elements with the peculiarities of their tribochemical interaction with the chemically active components of the lubricant. However the present investigation has not confirmed the existence of such a synergistic effect of to tribochemical interaction of alloying metal and chemically active lubricant additives for the coatings obtained via magnetron sputtering of chromium in acetylene-based reactive atmosphere.
Effect of rotary swaging and subsequent aging on the implant-relevant properties of magnesium alloy WE43
Authors: Martynenko N S , Anisimova N Yu , Temralieva D R , Kiselevskiy M V , Morozov M M , Yusupov V S , Dobatkin S V , Estrin Y Z
Published: November 2020

The magnesium alloy WE43 were pre-strained by rotary swaging (RS) with a final temperature of 350°C. RS led to a significant grain refinement with the formation of a predominantly subgrain structure. The average size of the structural elements decreased up to 450±50 nm after RS. In addition, the RS-induced precipitation of intermetallic Mg41Nd5 particles with an average size of 210±13 nm was observed. Subsequent heat treatment caused the average size of structural elements and intermetallic particles to grow to 781±88 nm and 494±51 nm, respectively. After RS, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the alloy rose to 363±2 MPa with tensile elongation of 11.4±0.6%. After heat treatment, the UTS of the alloy increased to 376±9 MPa, with some drop of tensile elongation to 7.6±0.4%. Interestingly, the biocorrosion resistance of the alloy was not compromised by RS, while subsequent heat treatment of the swaged alloy reduced its biodegradation rate. No significant differences in the biocompatibility of the alloy WE43 between different microstructural states were observed. It was found that RS with subsequent aging of the alloy WE43 reduces the adhesion of yeast to its surface, which in the long term may reduce the risk of infectious complications after orthopedic surgery.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel Processed by Various Schedules of Rolling
Authors: Raab A G , Raab G I , Tokar A A , Rybalchenko O V , Belyakov A N , Dobatkin S V , La P
Published: November 2020

The paper studies various rolling schedules implemented at 500°C (incl. direct, reverse, and cross rolling) and their effect on the structure formation and mechanical properties in AISI 304L stainless steel samples. Both TEM and SEM research techniques were applied. An ultrafine grain-subgrain microstructure was found to be formed inside elongated original grains. Rolling-processed microstructural elements were close in their size with the minimum value observed after a reverse rolling (240 nm). Mechanical properties were studied using microhardness measurements and tensile testing revealing a considerable increase in strength accompanied by a density reduction upon deformation. The strength values in the material subjected to all three rolling schedules are relatively close to the highest yield strength and ultimate tensile stress observed after reverse rolling with a strain degree of 70%.
Social isolation, loneliness and functional disability in Chinese older women and men: a longitudinal study
Authors: Guo Lizhi , An Li , Luo Fengping , Yu Bin
Published: November 2020

Objective

This study investigated whether loneliness or social isolation is associated with the onset of functional disability over 4 years among Chinese older populations.

Setting and Subjects

This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Functional status was assessed by activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Analyses were conducted with data from two waves (2011 and 2015) and were restricted to those respondents aged 50 and older and free of functional disability at baseline [n = 5,154, mean age (SD) = 60.72 (7.51); male, 52.3%].

Method

Social isolation, loneliness and covariates were measured at baseline. Follow-up measures of new-onset ADL and IADL disability were obtained 4 years later. We stratified the sample by gender, and then used binary logistic regressions to evaluate the associations between baseline isolation, loneliness and new-onset ADL and IADL disability.

Results

For women, baseline social isolation was significantly associated with new-onset ADL (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.07–1.30) and IADL (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.01–1.21) disability; no significant association between loneliness and ADL or IADL disability was found. For men, neither social isolation nor loneliness was found to be significantly associated with ADL or IADL disability.

Conclusion

This longitudinal study found that social isolation, rather than loneliness, was significantly associated with functional disability over 4 years among women (but not men) in China. These findings expand our knowledge about the association between social relationships and functional status among non-Western populations.
Insights into the importance of areas of climatic stability in the evolution and maintenance of avian diversity in the Mesoamerican dry forests
Authors: Castillo-Chora Vicente De J , Sánchez-González Luis A , Mastretta-Yanes Alicia , Prieto-Torres David A , Navarro-Sigüenza Adolfo G
Published: November 2020

We analysed the phylogeographic structure of five resident bird lineages distributed in the seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) of Mesoamerica to test whether they show patterns of synchronous and geographically coincident genetic divergence during the Quaternary. We generated phylogenetic trees, estimated divergence times and analysed the genetic structure of populations (based on sequences of mitochondrial genes), as well as estimating historical distributions (range extension and areas of long-term climate stability) during the Late Pleistocene. We tested and selected the phylogeographic divergence scenarios that best explain the current divergence patterns of taxa using the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) approach. For most species, phylogenetic trees and haplotype networks showed a clear genetic structure associated with geographical distribution. Overall, the divergence times ranged from 0.29–2.0 Mya, suggesting that diversification of populations occurred at different times during the Pleistocene. The palaeodistribution models predicted at least two areas of climatic stability within the current SDTF that probably allowed glacial-interglacial persistence of isolated bird populations along the Mexican Pacific, thus promoting their genetic divergence. The results provide information relevant to the identification of diversification hotspots for the Mesoamerican SDTF avifauna.
New horizons for idiopathic intracranial hypertension: advances and challenges
Authors: Mollan Susan P , Grech Olivia , Alimajstorovic Zerin , Wakerley Benjamin R , Sinclair Alexandra J
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is becoming a recognized condition due to the increasing incidence linked to a global obesity epidemic.

Sources of data

All English papers on PubMed, Cochrane and Scholar between inception until 1 March 2020 were considered.

Areas of agreement

Studies suggest central adiposity has a pathogenic role. Recent weight gain is a risk factor and weight loss has a key role in management.

Areas of controversy

Interpretation of abnormal lumbar puncture opening pressure is debated. There is an increasing recognition of obesity stigma and how this should be approached.

Growing points

Further evidence is required for the choice of surgical intervention for fulminant IIH. Education regarding IIH should be evidence based.

Areas timely for developing research

Novel research of the pathology of IIH is influencing development of therapies such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and targeting unique androgen signatures. The newly discovered cardiovascular risk requires further attention.
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention without stenting using excimer laser and manual thrombectomy in STEMI with duodenal ulcer perforation: a case report
Authors: Yokoi Hirokazu , Yanagiuchi Takashi , Ushimaru Shunpei , Kato Taku
Published: November 2020

Background

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and peptic ulcer perforation are both medical emergencies that require urgent intervention. In case that these time-sensitive medical emergencies present concomitantly, it remains unclear which one should be treated first.

Case summary

An 85-year-old man with melaena, epigastric pain, and severe anaemia was transferred to our emergency department and diagnosed as having inferior STEMI based on electrocardiogram. Emergency coronary angiography (CAG) revealed severe stenosis with thrombus in the proximal right coronary artery. Immediate oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and abdominal computed tomography detected the presence of duodenal ulcer perforation. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without stenting using excimer laser coronary angioplasty and manual thrombectomy was performed under intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance to avoid dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). After successful PCI, the perforated viscus was surgically repaired with a laparoscopic omental patch. On Day 7, endoscopic haemostasis treated the oozing of blood from the duodenal ulcer. On Day 21, follow-up CAG and IVUS showed residual stenosis with organized thrombus in the culprit lesion, in which a drug-coated stent was directly implanted. He was discharged with a favourable clinical course on Day 23.

Discussion

We judged that PCI should take precedence over the surgical repair of perforated duodenal ulcer in our case since STEMI was an immediate life-threatening compared to the perforated viscus which had no active exsanguination. Excimer laser coronary angioplasty with manual thrombectomy might be an adequate option to avoid stent deployment and subsequent DAPT in such complex scenarios.
Delayed pulmonary embolism after COVID-19 pneumonia: a case report
Authors: Kanso Mohamad , Cardi Thomas , Marzak Halim , Schatz Alexandre , Faucher Loïc , Grunebaum Lélia , Morel Olivier , Jesel Laurence
Published: November 2020

Background 

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, several cardiovascular manifestations have been described. Among them, venous thromboembolism (VTE) seems to be one of the most frequent, particularly in intensive care unit patients. We report two cases of COVID-19 patients developing acute pulmonary embolism (PE) after discharge from a first hospitalization for pneumonia of moderate severity.

Case summary 

Two patients with positive RT-PCR test were initially hospitalized for non-severe COVID-19. Both received standard thromboprophylaxis during the index hospitalization and had no strong predisposing risk factors for VTE. Few days after discharge, they were both readmitted for worsening dyspnoea due to PE. One patient was positive for lupus anticoagulant.

Discussion 

Worsening respiratory status in COVID-19 patients must encourage physicians to search for PE since SARS-CoV-2 infection may act as a precipitant risk factor for VTE. Patients may thus require more aggressive and longer thromboprophylaxis after COVID-19 related hospitalization.
An innovative model for management of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the low resource setting of Cambodia
Authors: Nikpour Hernandez Nazaneen , Ismail Samiha , Heang Hen , van Pelt Maurits , Witham Miles D , Davies Justine I
Published: November 2020

Non-communicable diseases are increasing in developing countries and control of diabetes and hypertension is needed to reduce rates of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, stroke and ischaemic heart disease. We evaluated a programme in Cambodia, financed by a revolving drug fund, which utilizes Peer Educators to manage diabetes and hypertension in the community. We assessed clinical outcomes and retention in the programme. For all people enrolled in the programme between 2007 and 2016, the average change in blood pressure (BP) and percentage with controlled hypertension (BP < 140/<90 mmHg) or diabetes (fasting blood glucose (BG) < 7mg/dl, post-prandial BG < 130 mg/dl, or HBA1C < 7%) was calculated every 6 months from enrolment.  Attrition rate in the nth year of enrolment was calculated; associations with loss to follow-up were explored using cox regression. A total of 9139 patients enrolled between January 2007 and March 2016. For all people with hypertension, mean change in systolic and diastolic BP within the first year was −15.1 mmHg (SD 23.6, P < 0.0001) and −8.6 mmHg (SD 14.0, P < 0.0001), respectively. BP control was 50.5% at year 1, peaking at 70.6% at 5.5 years. 41.3% of people with diabetes achieved blood sugar control at 6 months and 44.4% at 6.5 years.  An average of 2.3 years [SD 1.9] was spent in programme. Attrition rate within year 1 of enrolment ranged from 29.8% to 61.5% with average of 44.1% [SD 10.3] across 2008–15. Patients with hypertension were more likely to leave the program compared to those with diabetes and males more likely than females. The programme shows a substantial and sustained rate of diabetes and hypertension control for those who remain in the program and could be a model for implementation in other low middle-income settings, however, further work is needed to improve patient retention.
On the development of acoustic descriptors for semi-demersal fish identification to support monitoring stocks
Authors: Domokos Réka
Published: November 2020

Despite worldwide economic importance of lutjanid snappers, there are critical data gaps hindering accurate abundance estimates of these species, thereby impeding stock management efforts. Development of an active acoustics method could fill many of these data gaps, significantly benefiting stock assessment of snapper species that form typically mixed-species assemblages in non-trawlable regions. These methods are well suited for resource surveys but require the ability to derive accurate size estimates from target strength (TS) and the separation of echoes from species within the stock. This work evaluates the feasibility of active acoustics for surveying a Hawaiian bottomfish stock, referred to as the Deep-7 complex, consisting of six species of lutjanid snappers and a single grouper. Acoustic backscatter data and complementary methodologies were used to model TS and develop acoustic descriptors such as aggregation shape, size, and density, individual swimming pattern, distance from bottom, and bottom depth for Deep-7 species. Paired observations of in situ TS and fork length (FL) gave an estimated bulk relationship of 23.01·log10(FL)–72.18. The success of 25 accuracy tests indicates the effectiveness of the developed echo allocation parameters. Preliminary results imply that acoustics could be successfully used to monitor Deep-7 with broader applicability upon adapting methodology to other regions.
A semi-supervised approach for rapidly creating clinical biomarker phenotypes in the UK Biobank using different primary care EHR and clinical terminology systems
Authors: Denaxas Spiros , Shah Anoop D , Mateen Bilal A , Kuan Valerie , Quint Jennifer K , Fitzpatrick Natalie , Torralbo Ana , Fatemifar Ghazaleh , Hemingway Harry
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The UK Biobank (UKB) is making primary care electronic health records (EHRs) for 500 000 participants available for COVID-19-related research. Data are extracted from four sources, recorded using five clinical terminologies and stored in different schemas. The aims of our research were to: (a) develop a semi-supervised approach for bootstrapping EHR phenotyping algorithms in UKB EHR, and (b) to evaluate our approach by implementing and evaluating phenotypes for 31 common biomarkers.

Materials and Methods

We describe an algorithmic approach to phenotyping biomarkers in primary care EHR involving (a) bootstrapping definitions using existing phenotypes, (b) excluding generic, rare, or semantically distant terms, (c) forward-mapping terminology terms, (d) expert review, and (e) data extraction. We evaluated the phenotypes by assessing the ability to reproduce known epidemiological associations with all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

We created and evaluated phenotyping algorithms for 31 biomarkers many of which are directly related to COVID-19 complications, for example diabetes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease. Our algorithm identified 1651 Read v2 and Clinical Terms Version 3 terms and automatically excluded 1228 terms. Clinical review excluded 103 terms and included 44 terms, resulting in 364 terms for data extraction (sensitivity 0.89, specificity 0.92). We extracted 38 190 682 events and identified 220 978 participants with at least one biomarker measured.

Discussion and conclusion

Bootstrapping phenotyping algorithms from similar EHR can potentially address pre-existing methodological concerns that undermine the outputs of biomarker discovery pipelines and provide research-quality phenotyping algorithms.
Harnessing mobile health technology to support long-term chronic illness management: exploring family caregiver support needs in the outpatient setting
Authors: Shin Ji Youn , Chaar Dima , Kedroske Jacob , Vue Rebecca , Chappell Grant , Mazzoli Amanda , Hassett Afton L , Hanauer David A , Park Sun Young , Debra Barton , Choi Sung Won
Published: November 2020

Objective

Family caregiving is an important public health issue, particularly with the aging population. In recent years, mobile health (mHealth) technology has emerged as a potential low-cost, scalable platform to address caregiver support needs, and thereby alleviate the burden on caregivers. This study sought to examine the support needs of family caregivers in their lived experiences of outpatient care to inform the development of a future mHealth intervention.

Materails and Methods

We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews in 2 outpatient hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) clinics at a large academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. A thematic analysis was performed to define emerging themes.

Results

Qualitative data analysis identified 5 primary themes that HCT caregivers faced: (I) lifestyle restrictions due to the patient’s immunocompromised state; (II) Unmet needs due to limitations in the current resources, including unfamiliar medical tasks without necessary trainings; and (III) caregivers’ adaptive strategies, including reformation of social relationships with family and friends. Based on these findings, we suggest 3 design considerations to guide the development of a future mHealth intervention.

Conclusions

The findings herein captured the family caregiver’s lived experiences during outpatient care. There was broad agreement that caregiving was challenging and stressful. Thus, effective and scalable interventions to support caregivers are needed. This study provided data to guide the content and design of a future mHealth intervention in the outpatient setting.
Immigration history, entry jobs and the labor market integration of immigrants
Authors: Ansala Laura , Åslund Olof , Sarvimäki Matti
Published: November 2020

This article studies the relationship between past immigration experiences of the host country and the way new immigrants enter the labor market. We focus on two countries—Finland and Sweden—that have similar formal institutions but starkly different immigration histories. In both countries, immigrants tend to find their first jobs in low-paying establishments, where the manager and colleagues share their ethnic background. The associations between background characteristics, time to a first job, other entry job characteristics, earnings dynamics, and job stability are also remarkably similar. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the host country’s immigration history plays a limited role in shaping the integration process.
Economies of Tract Size in Timber Growing
Authors: Row Clark
Published: November 2020

Disadvantages of small size in increasing costs, reducing revenues, and increasing risks may substantially lessen incentives to invest in timber growing on many nonindustrial private forestlands. Effects of tract size imply that programs to assist forest owners should emphasize careful consideration of each individual situation and goals before timber investments are recommended.
Brassinosteroids synthesised by CYP85A/A1 but not CYP85A2 function via a BRI1-like receptor but not via BRI1 in Picea abies
Authors: Wang Li , Liu Jing , Shen Yitong , Pu Ruolan , Hou Meiying , Wei Qiang , Zhang Xinzhen , Li Guishuang , Ren Hongyan , Wu Guang
Published: November 2020

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential plant hormones. In angiosperms, brassinolide and castasterone, the first and second most active BRs, respectively, are synthesised by CYP85A2 and CYP85A/A1, respectively. BRs in angiosperms function through an essential receptor, BR Insensitive 1 (BRI1). In addition, some angiosperms also have non-essential BRI1-like 1/3 (BRL1/3). In conifers, BRs promote seed germination under drought stress; however, how BRs function in gymnosperms is unknown. In this study, we performed functional complementation of BR biosynthesis and receptor genes from Picea abies with respective Arabidopsis mutants. We found that P. abies possessed functional PaCYP85A and PaBRL1 but not PaCYP85A2 or PaBRI1, and this results in weak BR signaling, and both PaCYP85A and PaBRL1 were abundantly expressed. However, neither BR treatment of P. abies seedlings nor expression of PaBRL1 in the Arabidopsis Atbri1 mutant promoted plant height, despite the fact that BR-responsive genes were activated. Importantly, chimeric AtBRI1 replaced with the BR-binding domain of PaBRL1 complemented the Atbri1 phenotypes. Furthermore, PaBRL1 had less kinase activity than BRI1 in vitro. Overall, P. abies had weak but still active BR signaling, explaining aspects of its slow growth and high stress tolerance. Our study sheds light on the functional and evolutionary significance of distinct BR signaling that is independent of BRI1 and brassinolide.
Stereotypes and Jewish Musical Topics in East German Film: Ambiguities and Allosemitism in Hotel Polan und seine Gäste
Authors: Frühauf Tina
Published: November 2020

The miniseries Hotel Polan und seine Gäste tells the story of three generations of a Jewish family of hoteliers in Bohemia from 1908 to National Socialist persecution. Produced by GDR television in the early 1980s, the series was subsequently broadcast in other European countries and met with a mixed reception. Later on, scholars evaluated it as blatantly antisemitic and anti-Zionist. This essay seeks to re-evaluate these prerogatives by centring the analysis of the miniseries on a close reading of its music—a method not often used in Jewish studies, but a suitable lens through which to interrogate the employment of stereotypes, especially in film, and in light of textual sources from the Cold War era often being reflective of ideologies rather than facts. Employing critical theories of cultural studies and film music, it seeks to identify stereotypes and their dramatic placement and to analyse their operation. It asserts that story, image, and sound constitute both synchronous and asynchronous agents that perpetuate various stereotypes associated with Jews, thereby placing Hotel Polan in the liminal space of allosemitism. Constructed through difference from a perceived norm, Hotel Polan ultimately represents a space in which the egregious stereotype and the strategic employment of types meet. Its deployment of Jewish musical topics specifically shows that it is less their dramatic function that is of relevance, but the discourse that they have the power to enable.
An evidence-based assumption that helps to reduce the discrepancy between the observed and predicted 7Be abundances in novae
Authors: Denissenkov Pavel A , Ruiz Chris , Upadhyayula Sriteja , Herwig Falk
Published: November 2020

Recent spectroscopic measurements of the equivalent widths of the resonant Be ii doublet and Ca ii K lines and their ratios in expanding nova ejecta indicate surprisingly high abundances of 7Be with a typical mass fraction Xobs(7Be) = 10−4. This is an order of magnitude larger than theoretically predicted values of Xtheor(7Be) ∼ 10−5 for novae. We use an analytical solution of the 7Be production equations to demonstrate that Xtheor(7Be) is proportional to the 4He mass fraction Y in the nova accreted envelope and then we perform computations of 1D hydrostatic evolution of the $1.15\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ CO nova model that confirm our conclusion based on the analytical solution. Our assumption of enhanced 4He abundances helps to reduce, although not completely eliminate, the discrepancy between Xobs(7Be) and Xtheor(7Be). It is supported by ultraviolet, optical, and infrared spectroscopy data that reveal unusually high values of Y in nova ejecta. We also show that a significantly increased abundance of 3He in nova accreted envelopes does not lead to higher values of Xtheor(7Be) because this assumption affects the evolution of nova models resulting in a decrease of both their peak temperatures and accreted masses and, as a consequence, in a reduced production of 7Be.