bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the developmental timing of self-regulation in early childhood
Authors: Green Lindsey M. , Genaro Breana G. , Ratcliff Kizzann Ashana , Cole Pamela M. , Ram Nilam
Published: July 2022

Self-regulation often refers to the executive influence of cognitive resources to alter prepotent responses. The ability to engage cognitive resources as a form of executive process emerges and improves in the preschool-age years while the dominance of prepotent responses, such as emotional reactions, begins to decline from toddlerhood onward. However, little direct empirical evidence addresses the timing of an age-related increase in executive processes and a decrease in age-related prepotent responses over the course of early childhood. To address this gap, we examined children’s individual trajectories of change in prepotent responses and executive processes over time. At four age points (24 months, 36 months, 48 months, and 5 years), we observed children (46% female) during a procedure in which mothers were busy with work and told their children they had to wait to open a gift. Prepotent responses included children’s interest in and desire for the gift and their anger about the wait. Executive processes included children’s use of focused distraction, which is the strategy considered optimal for self-regulation in a waiting task. We examined individual differences in the timing of age-related changes in the proportion of time spent expressing a prepotent response and engaging executive processes using a series of nonlinear (generalized logistic) growth models. As hypothesized, the average proportion of time children expressed prepotent responses decreased with age, and the average proportion of time engaged in executive processes increased with age. Individual differences in the developmental timing of changes in prepotent responses and executive process were correlated r = .35 such that the timing of decrease in proportion of time expressing prepotent responses was coupled with the timing of increase in proportion of time engaging executive processes.
Countering Indeterminate Temporariness: Sheltering work in refugee camps
Authors: Kodeih Farah , Schildt Henri , Lawrence Thomas B.
Published: July 2022

The experience of temporariness is increasingly prevalent across the world, both for transient populations such as refugees and in work life characterized by precarious employment relationships. In this article, we examine how local institutional work can shape people’s experience of indeterminate temporariness and mitigate its pernicious effects. Our qualitative, inductive study is set in refugee camps in Lebanon, where indeterminate temporariness created an oppressive experience of time among Syrian refugees. We document the efforts of an NGO to help refugees rebuild meaningful lives by developing small-scale entrepreneurial ventures – efforts we conceptualize as ‘sheltering work’. Our analysis points to the potential for sheltering work to alleviate the oppressive effects of temporariness by bounding, containing, and structuring individuals’ day-to-day lives. Although sheltering work reshaped refugees’ experience of time, it did not eradicate the oppressive effects of indeterminate temporariness; instead, oppressive and reclaimed experiences of time coexisted, with individuals shifting between them. Our study theorizes sheltering work as a potent form of modest, local institutional work in the face of immutable institutions, and elaborates how individual experiences of time influence embedded agency.
“If You Were a Horse, You Would Have Been Shot”: A Thematic Analysis of Medical Professionals’ Communication with Mothers
Authors: Milman Daisy , Sternadori Miglena
Published: July 2022

This study expands the concept of motherhood as a social construction, grounded in Jung’s Great Mother and the Terrible Mother archetypes, to the context of medical communications. By analyzing 254 mothers’ responses to an online survey, we determined the primary themes in their recollections of medical professionals’ communications identified by the participants as having affected their sense of stress related to “good mother” norms. Some of the statements recalled by participants enforced socially constructed norms; others challenged the normativity of intensive mothering or encouraged mothers to parent on their own terms. The findings reinforce the notion that a mother's perceived failure to rise to the standards of a “good mother,” and the resulting guilt and shame, are part of an ever-evolving normative system that is frequently, though unwittingly, upheld by those it oppresses.
Optimizing CT and MRI criteria for differentiating intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Hongzhen , Liang Yingying , Wang Zihua , Tan Caihong , Yang Ruimeng , Wei Xinhua , Jiang Xinqing
Published: July 2022

Background

Accurate diagnosis of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) is crucial with regard to the choice of patient management and treatment options.

Purpose

To evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic performance of the LI-RADS M (LR-M) targetoid criteria on computed tomography (CT) and gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-MRI) in differentiating IMCC from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Material and Methods

A total of 118 patients with IMCC and HCC were included who underwent CT and EOB-MRI examinations. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the strongest predictors differentiating IMCC from HCC. Using these predictors, a predictive model for differentiating IMCC from HCC was constructed and the performance of the model was confirmed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

Multivariate analyses revealed rim-like arterial phase hyperenhancement (rim APHE) on CT and rim APHE, delayed central enhancement (DCE), and targetoid hepatobiliary phase (HBP) on MRI as independent variables significantly differentiating IMCC from HCC. The multivariate logistic regression model incorporating the three variables on EOB-MRI was constructed with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.946, sensitivity of 87.80%, specificity of 92.21%, and accuracy of 94.60%. Per the DeLong test, the multivariate logistic regression model showed significantly higher AUC than rim APHE on CT (0.946 vs. 0.871; P = 0.008) and MRI (0.946 vs. 0.876; P = 0.003), whereas rim APHE on CT and MRI did not differ significantly ( P = 0.809).

Conclusion

The multivariate logistic regression model based on rim APHE, DCE, and targetoid HBP on EOB-MRI can effectively distinguish IMCC from HCC and is superior to any other targetoid appearance criterion of LI-RADS on CT and EOB-MRI.
Enterococcus faecalis-induced infective endocarditis: an unusual source of infection and a rare clinical presentation
Authors: Seby Robert , Kim Christine , Khreis Mahmoud , Khreis Khaldoun
Published: July 2022

A 69-year-old woman was airlifted to the emergency department after awakening with angina, diaphoresis, and shortness of breath. She was found to have ST-elevation myocardial infarction with 100% occlusion of her left anterior descending artery, and aspiration thrombectomy was performed. Blood cultures confirmed Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia. Our team used a clinical tool to determine whether transesophageal echocardiography was warranted to investigate for infective endocarditis. The patient’s transesophageal echocardiogram showed a large mobile vegetation on her mitral valve. Given the presence of infective endocarditis in the absence of known coronary artery disease, we determined that the patient had likely developed acute coronary syndrome from a septic embolus originating from her mitral valve vegetation. Further investigation for the source of the bacteremia revealed a perforation 20 cm from the anal verge at the rectosigmoid junction. After perforation repair, the patient became hypoxic and tachycardic with diffuse abdominal pain, guarding, rebound tenderness, and loss of pulse. Exploratory laparotomy revealed air in the mesentery consistent with extraperitoneal perforation of the rectum, and an end-colostomy was performed. Unfortunately, the patient subsequently died.
Advanced Gap Seeking Logic for Actuated Signal Control Using Vehicle Trajectory Data: Proof of Concept
Authors: Shams Andalib , Day Christopher M.
Published: July 2022

As detection systems improve, opportunities are emerging for using vehicle position and speed to drive signal control. This study explored how basic actuation processes might be improved by using vehicle position and speed. The position and speed of arriving vehicles were used to calculate their estimated time of arrival. Two variations on vehicle extension logic were developed that extended a green until there was a headway in the arriving traffic above a size that corresponded to a minimum flow rate, at which it was desired to terminate the phase. In the first method, the headway was measured from the point where the leading vehicle passed the stop bar, whereas the second method measured the headway from where the leading vehicle was unlikely to stop at the onset of yellow. This was compared against a control with a conventional stop bar and upstream detectors. A simulation study was carried out for an eight-phase intersection. The results suggest that at higher levels of demand, trajectory-based actuation could yield substantial reductions in delay. The trajectory-based methods were able to terminate green more efficiently, leading to reductions in delay in some cases, and reductions in emissions and fuel consumption, although there was a tradeoff in the number of split failures. These early results show promise for the development and fine-tuning of the methods.
Determinants of Influence Factors in Crashes Alongside an Intersection Using a Multinomial Logit Approach
Authors: Adane Baye Yemataw , Hou Jin , Peng Bo , Ullah Hamid , Abate Debalki Yonas
Published: July 2022

Traffic violations are the leading cause of fatalities and injuries, and current trends indicate that this will proceed in the foreseeable future, especially alongside intersections. This study aims to examine the determinants of crash influencing factors alongside intersections using unweighted data points collected from the Michigan counties of Wayne, Genesee, and Macomb. Firstly, the random forest method identifies the significant predictor variables. Meanwhile, six predictor variables are considered: the speed limit, distance, light condition, crash location, train involvement, and weather conditions. Secondly, the multinomial logit approach is adopted to investigate the relationships among crash violation categories. Thus, the model predicts the likelihood of crash violation outcomes: angle, head-on, rear-end, rear-end right/left turn, same sideswipe, opposite direction, and single-vehicle crash. Likewise, the results confirmed that the predictor variables of the distance between 0 and 82 ft and train involvement increased the likelihood of a crash violation when driving at a speed limit of 26–50 mph. In addition, when the speed limit is between 0 and 25 mph, the odds ratios were greater than 1.0 (4.01, 3.85), indicating statistically significant positive relationships between the same sideswipe and opposite direction violations. Therefore, speeding is risky, but the safest speed is not always the slowest speed. Thus, the results provide evidence that the predictor variables are linked to various crash violations. Consequently, the findings of this study can be used to reduce the occurrence of crash violation and improve intelligent modes of transportation by transforming large datasets into knowledge and actionable intelligence considering the future roles of driving strategies.
Understanding Productivity in the Transportation Construction Industry
Authors: Nevett Guillermo , Goodrum Paul M. , Littlejohn Ray L.
Published: July 2022

There is an ongoing long-term debate about trends in construction productivity. This research examines the productivity of the transportation construction segment, specifically the transportation construction industry in Colorado. The paper examines 14 years of transportation data from 880 projects executed in the state of Colorado between 2004 and 2016. By evaluating the coefficients extracted from over 35 linear regression models, it analyzes how productivity in the Colorado transportation construction industry has evolved over recent years. Provided with a rich database, the study focuses on productivity at the more detailed project level, which will help explain the varying trends observed by different authors. This level of detail presents a comprehensive analysis of productivity for a segment of the transportation construction industry that has not yet been described in the literature.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Automated Vehicle Mandatory Lane Changing
Authors: Ammourah Rami , Talebpour Alireza
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a reinforcement learning-based framework for mandatory lane changing of automated vehicles in a non-cooperative environment. The objective is to create a reinforcement learning (RL) agent that is able to perform lane-changing maneuvers successfully and efficiently and with minimal impact on traffic flow in the target lane. For this purpose, this study utilizes the double deep Q-learning algorithm structure, which takes relevant traffic states as input and outputs the optimal actions (policy) for the automated vehicle. We put forward a realistic approach for dealing with this problem where, for instance, actions selected by the automated vehicle include steering angles and acceleration/deceleration values. We show that the RL agent is able to learn optimal policies for the different scenarios it encounters and performs the lane-changing task safely and efficiently. This work illustrates the potential of RL as a flexible framework for developing superior and more comprehensive lane-changing models that take into consideration multiple aspects of the road environment and seek to improve traffic flow as a whole.
Critical Consciousness of Gender Inequality: Considering the Viewpoints of Racially Diverse High School Girls with Engineering Aspirations
Authors: Riegle-Crumb Catherine , Russo-Tait Tatiane , Doerr Katherine , Nguyen Ursula
Published: July 2022

This study utilizes interviews with 33 racially diverse high school girls who have expressed interest in engineering careers. Using the framework of critical consciousness and informed by intersectional theories, the authors examine their views about gender inequality in engineering. Results revealed that while most articulated systemic understandings of inequality, Black participants were particularly likely to exhibit this critical reflection. Yet many young women revealed a more emerging form of critical reflection, particularly Asian participants. Few respondents expressed critical self-efficacy, or confidence to challenge gender inequality in their future careers; such views were almost exclusively held by Black and Latinx respondents. In contrast, White respondents commonly invoked a “lean-in” self-efficacy to be successful navigating, but not challenging, the White male-dominated engineering workforce. Overall, we find clear evidence that young women’s racialized identities have implications not only for their understandings of gender inequality, but also for their motivation to disrupt it.
In the Best Interests of the Child? Distinctions Between the Professional Orientations of Juvenile and Adult Probation and Parole Officers
Authors: Bolin Riane M. , Applegate Brandon K.
Published: July 2022

Despite fundamental distinctions between the ideals of juvenile and criminal justice, little research has sought to establish the extent to which juvenile probation and parole officers’ orientations differ from those of their adult counterparts. Further, of the few studies that have explored this area of study, none have examined the role that organizational context may play in predicting professional orientation. Thus, this study aims to fill the gap in the literature by utilizing a sample of probation and parole officers drawn from three different types of agencies: juvenile-only supervision, adult-only supervision, and combined supervision. The results show that the system within which officers work is associated with professional orientation. Distinctions, however, are not as large or consistent as would be expected from strict adherence to the traditional ideals of the juvenile justice system versus the criminal justice system. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Intimate partner violence against Peruvian women and adequate regulation of emotions and behaviors of their children between 24 and 59 months of age: A cross-sectional study at the national level
Authors: Pickling-Barrionuevo Rosela , Hernández-Vásquez Akram , Torres-Guillén Ana Lucía , Mendoza-Correa Isabel , Bendezu-Quispe Guido
Published: July 2022

Objective:

Determine the association between intimate partner violence against Peruvian women and adequate regulation of the emotions and behaviors of children between 24 and 59 months old.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data obtained from the ENDES-2019. The dependent variable was the regulation of emotions and behaviors in 24 to 59-month-old children. The independent variable was partner violence (physical, sexual, verbal or psychological) against mothers at some point in their life. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated and adjusted with their 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the association between intimate partner violence and adequate regulation of emotions and behaviors.

Results:

Data from 8,473, 15 to 49-year-old mothers and their children aged 24 to 59 months were analyzed. Intimate partner violence was reported by 57.1% of the women, and 31.6% of the children showed adequate regulation of emotions and behaviors. The probability of children of mothers who were victims of intimate partner violence adequately regulating their emotions and behaviors was low (aPR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.75–0.88), with an aPR = 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76–0.89) and an aPR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76–0.93) for those with mothers suffering psychological or physical violence, respectively, with no differences in children of mothers suffering sexual violence by their partner.

Conclusions:

Six out of 10 Peruvian women have suffered partner violence at some point in their life, and only three out of 10 children between 24 and 59 months old adequately regulate their emotions and behaviors. Children of mothers suffering physical and verbal or psychological violence by their partners were less likely to regulate their emotions and behaviors adequately.
Self-Care Skills to Prevent Burnout: A Pilot Study Embedding Mindfulness in an Undergraduate Nursing Course
Authors: Burner Lindsay R. , Spadaro Kathleen C.
Published: July 2022

Background Burnout negatively affects nurses and increases nursing turnover. Many student nurses experience burnout throughout their academic program, negatively affecting student success and patient care. Objectives To explore effects of mindfulness education / self-care skills training in undergraduate nursing students on stress and self-care. Design A four-week pilot with four-week follow-up. Setting In-person mindfulness sessions were offered to first-year nursing students. Participants 67 students enrolled in a nursing skills course. Methods Four in-person mindfulness educational sessions were provided with a 4-week follow-up. Outcomes were stress and self-care, measured by the Perceived Stress Scale and Mindful Self-Care Scale at pre-, post-, and follow-up. Results 58 (86.6%) completed pilot; mean age = 22.8 (5.75), majority females (84%) and Caucasian (79%). Students practicing one or more mindfulness techniques at least 8 times outside class increased self-care 9.5% pre- to post-intervention ( p = .01), although not sustained at follow-up. Stress did not change significantly in either direction ( p = .94), potentially mediating the stress of starting clinical immediately following the intervention. Conclusions Mindfulness education increased self-care in first-year nursing students who practiced mindfulness outside class. Recommendations include further research and integration of mindfulness into courses to assess benefits and coping skills for future nurses.
On the verge between the scientific and the alternative: Swedish women’s claims about systemic side effects of the copper intrauterine device
Authors: Gunnarsson Lena , Wemrell Maria
Published: July 2022

The article intervenes in discussions on lay knowledge production about health in the Internet era, through the case of a group of women claiming that their use of copper intrauterine devices has led to systemic side effects. Based on online group interviews and written essays, we examine how women embracing these knowledge claims navigate various sources of information, focusing on the role of scientificity in these epistemic negotiations. The women were found to be involved in an active, scientifically oriented process of knowledge formation, which we refer to as a collective labour of scientific patchworking. Meanwhile, due to a perceived lack of scientifically based expertise on their condition, the women reported having little choice but turn to resources with weaker scientific foothold. We argue that the tendency to portray these women’s claims as unscientific simplifies the nature of lay knowledge production, potentially deepening divides between medical authorities and the public.
Magnitudes for Nervous Systems: Theoretical Issues and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Vallortigara Giorgio , Lorenzi Elena , Messina Andrea , Perrino Matilde
Published: July 2022

Animals’ negotiations with the environment frequently involve quantitative assessments. However, it is largely unknown how different nervous systems can deal with information about magnitude and perform operations on it. Here we review some of the literature on this topic and discuss a few issues worthy of debate that can guide future research directions. First, we present experimental evidence suggesting that, in addition to the cortical (pallial) brain regions that are widely acknowledged to play a role in magnitude estimation, subcortical (more generally, subpallial) brain regions also play an important role. Second, we discuss interactions between different domains of magnitude and put forward a hypothesis to account for the directionality of associations between discrete and continuous magnitude. Finally, we suggest how the distinction between the concepts of number and discrete quantity should foster more attention to the role of sensory areas and circuits in assessing discrete quantities.
Dr. Max Wolf: A New York city physician rescued from the Holocaust by Albert Goring
Authors: Canale Dee James
Published: July 2022

Dr. Max Wolf and his wife Margareta were native Austrians. Dr. Wolf was educated in Austria and enjoyed a successful practice of his speciality in Vienna. One of his patients was Albert Goring, the brother of the infamous Nazi, Hermann Goring. This relationship would have a notable effect in Dr. Wolf and his wife escaping the eventual Holocaust after the “Anschluss”. Leaving Vienna Dr. Wolf and his wife eventually arrived in New York and began a new life becoming a prominent physician in America.
Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Whole-Body Cleansing With Aqueous 0.5% Chlorhexidine in Stable NICU Preterm Infants—Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anitha Murugesan , Sundaram Mangala Bharathi , Kumutha Jayaraman
Published: July 2022

Background:

Single application of chlorhexidine soon after birth reduces skin colonization. The benefit is not sustained after 72 h and multiple repeated cleansing is suggested. Such interventions especially in preterm infants need evaluation.

Objective:

To evaluate efficacy and safety of multiple whole-body cleansing with aqueous 0.5% chlorhexidine during first week in preterm infants.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial with superiority design and triple blinding.

Setting:

Level-III neonatal intensive care unit of teaching hospital in India.

Participants:

A total of 120 hemodynamically stable preterm (28-34 weeks) infants without encephalopathy weighing ≥ 1,000 g admitted within 6 h of life.

Intervention:

Following stratified randomization (28-31 weeks n = 31; 32-34 weeks n = 89), 59 and 61 infants were cleansed with identically looking aqueous 0.5% chlorhexidine wipes and placebo (sterile-water wipes) respectively at 0, 48, and 96 h after recruitment and followed up until neonatal period.

Outcomes:

Primary outcome was skin colonization rate on day 7. Secondary outcomes include neonatal mortality, incidence of sepsis, adverse skin reactions, and hypothermic episodes and colony counts during first week.

Results:

We used intention to treat analysis. After multiple cleansings, skin colonization on day 7 with chlorhexidine was 50.9% (28/55) and sterile water was 92.8% (52/56). Risk reduction with chlorhexidine cleansing was 45% compared with sterile water (relative risk = 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42,0.72). Absolute risk reduction = 41.95% (95% CI: 27.1, 56.78) and number needed to treat = 2.4 persons (95% CI: 1.8, 3.7). Neonatal mortality (10.1% vs 16.3%, P = .539), sepsis (10.1% vs 19.6%, P = .229) was not significant. None had adverse skin reactions. Temperature loss after wet cleansing was not different between chlorhexidine and water.

Conclusion:

Multiple whole-body cleansing with aqueous 0.5% chlorhexidine at 48 h interval during first week of life reduces skin colonization in preterm infants.
Premaxillary Setback With Posterior Vomerine Ostectomy and Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip Repair: Report of a Case With Challenging Anatomy
Authors: Hamdan Usama S. , Melhem Antonio M. , Haddad Mario , Younan Robert Anthony , Padwa Bonnie , Kantar Rami
Published: July 2022

Congenital clefts of the lip and/or palate are among the most common craniofacial malformations. Patients with bilateral cleft of the lip often present with projected premaxilla. Premaxillary setback with a vomerine ostectomy posterior to the vomero-premaxillary suture, bilateral cleft lip repair, bilateral gingivoperiosteoplasties, and primary cleft lip rhinoplasty are achieved in a single-stage surgery that provides a valuable alternative to patients, especially in the outreach settings. In this article, we present a case report of a patient born with a bilateral cleft of the lip and a protruded premaxilla. He had collapsed secondary palatine shelves requiring intraoperative manual expansion to ensure access to the vomer bone.
Intellectual Functioning of Children With Isolated PRS, PRS-Plus, and Syndromic PRS
Authors: Malarbi Stephanie , Chisholm Anita K. , Gunn-Charlton Julia K. , Burnett Alice C. , Tan Tiong Yang , Cheng Shirley S. W. , Pellicano Anastasia , Shand Jocelyn , Heggie Andrew , Hunt Rod W.
Published: July 2022

Objective

Describe the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS).

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic within a hospital.

Patients

Children with PRS (n = 45) who had been in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) were classified by a geneticist into 3 subgroups of isolated PRS (n = 20), PRS-plus additional medical features (n = 8), and syndromic PRS (n = 17) based on medical record review and genetic testing.

Main Outcome Measure

Children with PRS completed IQ testing at 5 or 8 years of age with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Third Edition (WPPSI-III) or Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV) or the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) or Fifth Edition (WISC-V).

Results

IQ scores were more than 1 to 2 standard deviations below the mean for 36% of the overall sample, which was significantly greater compared to test norms (binomial test P = .001). There was a significant association between PRS subtype and IQ (Fisher’s exact P = .026). While only 20% of children with isolated PRS were within 1 standard deviation below average and 35% of children with syndromic PRS were below 1 to 2 standard deviations, 75% of PRS-plus children scored lower than 1 to 2 standard deviations below the mean.

Conclusion

PRS subgroups can help identify children at risk for cognitive delay. The majority of children with PRS-plus had low intellectual functioning, in contrast to the third of children with syndromic PRS who had low IQ and the majority of children with isolated PRS who had average or higher IQ.
Conventional Chondrosarcoma with Clear Cell Features in the Rib: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wangsiricharoen Sintawat , Jalloh Hulai , James Aaron W. , McCarthy Edward F. , Morris Carol D. , Gross John M.
Published: July 2022

A subset of clear cell chondrosarcomas may contain focal areas of low-grade conventional chondrosarcoma; however, it is rare to find foci resembling clear cell chondrosarcoma admixed with areas otherwise typical conventional chondrosarcoma. We report two patients with conventional chondrosarcoma with clear cell features occurring in the rib, one in the setting of multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) and the other without MHE. Both patients were found to have a destructive rib mass with a soft tissue component and underwent en bloc resection. Histologic examination revealed predominantly grade 2 conventional chondrosarcomas; however, multiple foci containing large cells with pale eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm, distinct cell borders, centrally located nuclei, and conspicuous nucleoli, resembling clear cell chondrosarcoma were identified throughout the specimen. The significance of clear cell features in an otherwise typical conventional chondrosarcoma, to our knowledge, is unknown and deserves recognition. Finally, these tumors highlight the need for careful histologic examination and proper classification as unexpected findings may impact management.
Traditional Serrated Adenoma of the Urinary Bladder: The First Report
Authors: Özsoy Şule , Deniz Kemal , Temiz Mustafa Zafer , Semerciöz Atilla
Published: July 2022

A 71-year-old woman was hospitalized with hematuria and underwent cystourethroscopy. Cystourethroscopy revealed a polypoid bladder tumor. Histopathologic examination showed complex villiform growth pattern, slit-like serrations, and ectopic crypts lined by epithelium with eosinophilic cytoplasm, pseudostratified elongated nuclei, consistent with traditional serrated adenoma. Nephrogenic and intestinal metaplasia with severe inflammation were present in adjacent bladder mucosa. Molecular study of the polyp revealed mutation (p.G12V) in codon 12 of exon 2 of the KRAS gene. Traditional serrated adenoma is a rare type of colonic serrated polyp, making up less than 1% of the colonic polyps with a predilection to distal colon. In the literature, there is no traditional serrated adenoma reported outside the gastrointestinal tract. Here in we report the first extra-gastrointestinal traditional serrated adenoma within the bladder and bladder diverticulum, arising from intestinal metaplasia. The present study reports an additional information on molecular background of this unusual bladder polyp.
Tumor Budding is an Independent Prognostic Factor to Predict Overall Survival in Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Okcu Oğuzhan , Şen Bayram , Aşkan Gökçe , Öztürk Çiğdem , Öztürk Seda Duman , Bedir Recep
Published: July 2022

Objective. Tumor budding defined as a tumor cell nest away from the main tumor, has been found to be associated with prognostic parameters in many cancer types. We aimed to investigate the relationship between tumor budding and clinicopathological parameters in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas, as well as its prognostic importance. Materials and Methods. One hundred four patients who underwent surgical resection with diagnosis of endometrioid endometrial carcinomas between June 2011 and May 2020 were included. The area where tumor budding was the most prominent was determined, and tumor budding was counted from hematoxylin and eosin-stained section at one high power field (X 200). By performing ROC analysis, the cut off value was obtained in order to divide the patients into low and high tumor budding groups. Results. The cut off value was determined as 1/0.95 mm2 according to the ROC analysis. Tumor budding was observed in 24 (23%) patients. Tumor budding significantly associated with poor overall survival ( P < .001), distant metastasis ( P = .001), presence of angiolymphatic invasion ( P < .001), lymph node metastasis ( P = .024), cervical invasion ( P < .001), high FIGO grade ( P < .001), large tumor size ( P = .004). In multivarate analysis, tumor budding and age were found to be an independent risk factor for overall survival ( P = .003, P = .014 respectively). Conclusion. Tumor budding is a significant morphological parameter independent of other prognostic parameters in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas. Standardizing the assesment and scoring of tumor budding, as well as including this entity in routine pathology reports could light the way for ideas in the risk analysis of patients.
Cost-Effective Modeling of Thromboembolic Chemoprophylaxis for Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Martinazzi Brandon J. , Kirchner Gregory J. , Stauch Christopher M. , Lorenz F. Jeffrey , Manto Kristen M. , Bonaddio Vincenzo , Koroneos Zachary , Aynardi Michael C.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) can cause substantial morbidity and mortality. To prevent this complication, surgeons often prescribe postoperative chemoprophylaxis. However, much controversy exists regarding the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis because of the limited studies exploring its use. Furthermore, even less is known about its cost-effectiveness. Therefore, this study sought to determine the cost-effectiveness of commonly prescribed chemoprophylactic agents using a break-even analysis economic model.

Methods:

The literature was searched, and an online database was used to identify patients who developed a symptomatic VTE after undergoing TAA. Our institutional records were used to estimate the cost of treating a symptomatic VTE, and an online drug database was used to obtain the cost of commonly prescribed chemoprophylactic agents. A break-even analysis was then performed to determine the final break-even rate necessary to make a drug cost-effective.

Results:

The low and high rates of symptomatic VTE were determined to be 0.46% and 9.8%. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 3455 patients underwent total ankle arthroplasty. Of these patients, 16 developed a postoperative symptomatic VTE (1.01%). Aspirin 81 mg was cost-effective if the initial symptomatic VTE rates decreased by an absolute risk reduction (ARR) of 0.0003% (NNT = 31 357). Aspirin 325 mg was also cost-effective if the initial rates decreased by an ARR 0.02% (NNT = 5807). Likewise, warfarin (5 mg) was cost-effective at all initial rates with an ARR of 0.02% (NNT = 4480). In contrast, enoxaparin (40 mg) and rivaroxaban (20 mg) were only cost-effective at higher initial symptomatic VTE rates with ARRs of 1.48% (NNT = 68) and 5.36% (NNT = 19). Additional analyses demonstrated that enoxaparin (40 mg) and rivaroxaban (20 mg) become cost-effective when costs of treating a symptomatic VTE are higher than our estimates.

Conclusion:

Chemoprophylaxis following TAA can be cost-effective. A tailored approach to VTE prophylaxis with cost-effectiveness in mind may be beneficial to the patient and health system.
Family Involvement in Pain Management for People Living With Dementia: An Integrative Review
Authors: Pu Lihui , Chen Hongxiu , Jones Cindy , Moyle Wendy
Published: July 2022

This review aimed to synthesize current evidence on family involvement in pain management for people living with dementia from the perceptions of family carers and health care professionals. An integrative review was conducted using CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library electronic databases. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to appraise the articles, followed by thematic analysis. Twelve studies were included and four themes were identified: (1) The roles and responsibilities of family carers; (2) Enablers and barriers for pain identification; (3) Strategies and concerns for pain management; and (4) Lack of staff education and communication with health care providers. Family carers play an important role in pain assessment and management for people living with dementia, but they cannot be actively involved in this process due to a lack of communication with health care providers. An integrated approach that includes education and communication with family carers and health care providers is needed.
Involuntary Disclosures and Stakeholder-Initiated Communication on Social Media
Authors: Dobija Dorota , Cho Charles H. , She Chaoyuan , Zarzycka Ewelina , Krasodomska Joanna , Jemielniak Dariusz
Published: July 2022

This study explores firm responses to stakeholder-initiated involuntary disclosures, which are disclosures made by stakeholders about an organization but are against the will of managers, and subsequent stakeholder reactions. We analyzed 134,977 firm Twitter replies from seven companies to identify their responses to involuntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures and find that companies demonstrate different attitudes toward engagement in the exchange about involuntary disclosures. Whereas some companies communicate with stakeholders, others are almost silent. When a company engages in communication with its stakeholders, the communication is mostly one-way, and mortification or dissent is the likely response strategy. We also find that while stakeholders generally do not continue to engage with corporate communications, they are likely to respond when companies deny the information revealed by involuntary disclosure. Our results suggest that involuntary disclosures on social media are not able to improve communication between stakeholders and companies.
De-Westernizing Punk: Chinese Punk Lyrics and the Translocal Politics of Resistance
Authors: Xiao Jian , Davis Mark , Fan Yun
Published: July 2022

Punk in China suffers from the stigma of inauthenticity and the dilemma of belatedness. That is, it comes ‘after’ the original punk moment in the West and is understood as derivative and therefore inauthentic. It does not follow, however, that in places that came ‘late’ to punk, such as China, punk is merely an echo of Western practice. Recent scholarship has embraced the concept of ‘global punk’, alongside projects to decolonize punk studies, to destabilize Western-centric understandings of punk authenticity. Consistent with this agenda, we undertake a comparative analysis of 60 seminal 1970s UK and US punk songs and 60 Chinese punk songs released since the founding of Chinese punk in the 1990s, to analyse the translocal durability of punk. Punk in China, we argue, mobilizes a durable ethic of do-it-yourself resistance to interrogate local political conditions and adds weight to the catch-cry that ‘punk is not dead’.
Revision total hip arthroplasty for aseptic loosening compared with primary total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis: long-term clinical, functional and quality of life outcome data
Authors: Koutalos Antonios A , Varitimidis Sokratis , Malizos Konstantinos N , Karachalios Theofilos
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this study was the comparative assessment of long-term clinical (subjective and objective), functional and quality of life outcome data between primary and revision THA.

Methods:

122 patients (130 hips) who underwent cementless revision THA of both components (TMT cup, Wagner SL stem, Zimmer Biomet) for aseptic loosening only (Group A) were compared to a matched group of 100 patients (100 hips) who underwent cementless primary THA for osteoarthritis (Synergy stem, R3 cup, Smith & Nephew) (Group B). Outcomes were evaluated with survival analysis curves, Harris Hip Score (HHS), WOMAC, Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) and EQ-5D-5L scales. Mobility was assessed with walking speed, Timed Up And Go Test (TUG), Parker Mobility Score, Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and UCLA scores.

Results:

At a mean follow-up of 11.1 (8–17) years a cumulative success rate of 96% (95% CI, 96–99%) in Group A and 98% (95% CI, 97–99%) in Group B with operation for any reason as an endpoint was recorded. Statistically significant differences between groups were developed for WOMAC (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.014), OHS (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.020) and physical component of SF-12 scores (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.029) only. Group A had less improvement in function as compared with group B. In Group A, in multiple regression analysis, patients’ cognition ( p = 0.001), BMI ( p = 0.007) and pain ( p = 0.022) were found to be independent factors influencing functional recovery (WOMAC). Similarly, pain ( p = 0.03) was found to influence quality of life (EQ-5D-5).

Conclusions:

In the long term, revision THA shows satisfactory but inferior clinical, functional, and quality of life outcomes when compared to primary THA. Residual pain, BMI and cognitive impairment independently affect functional outcomes.
Cue Reactivity to Electronic Cigarettes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Keijsers Merel , Vega-Corredor Maria Cecilia , Hoermann Simon , Tomintz Melanie
Published: July 2022

Cue reactivity to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) has been studied by several researchers, yet the variability in user types (smokers, former smokers, dual users, exclusive ENDS users) and ENDS designs used between the studies may have undermined consistent results. This systematic review aims to give an overview of ENDS cue reactivity and how smoking status and device design may moderate this. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane was completed. All studies which reported findings on reactivity to ENDS cues in the form of craving or desire for ENDS or cigarettes, attention to cue, delay of gratification or economic decisions were included. Exclusion criteria were non-human subjects, non-adult participants or participants with comorbidities. Literature selection was carried out by 2 independent reviewers. The risk of bias and study quality were assessed using tools developed by Cochrane, BMJ and NHLBI. A total of 711 papers were screened and 22 studies were included in the current review. Study design, research question(s), population of interest, number of participants, dependent variable(s), ENDS generation and nicotine content used and study results were extracted. ENDS cues reliably induced ENDS craving, with no clear moderation by smoking status and no apparent moderation by device generation. In about half of the studies, ENDS cues induced craving for conventional cigarettes. Most studies used a smoker sample, thus limiting the conclusions that can be drawn on the moderation of cue reactivity by smoking status. The quality varied among studies but comparing the findings against the outcomes of only high-quality studies did not yield any different results. The results of this review support the notion of cue reactivity to ENDS, identifies gaps in current research on different user types and implies that ENDS design iterations have little impact on cue reactivity.
Unlearning organized numbness through poetic synesthesia: A study in scarlet
Authors: Pérezts Mar
Published: July 2022

I define “organized numbness” as the organized inability to perceive sensations, a learned desensitization operating in the way our (1) bodies, (2) language, and (3) knowledge are organized. I propose poetic synesthesia’s power to associate several sensory perceptions as a way to unlearn this sort of disembodied habituation. Inspired by the so-called “accursed” French poets of the 19th century, the “long, prodigious, and rational disorganization of all the senses” of synesthesia helps me propose a method for unlearning organized numbness. I illustrate this by “a study in scarlet,” that is, by plunging into the depths of a synesthetic exploration of blood as my “fil rouge” to infuse our working bodies with renewed sensorial and embodied—or rather “embloodied”—life. I end by discussing how cultivating poetic synesthesia can help us unlearn organized numbness in the body, in language, and in knowledge, and how it can instead respectively foster resonance by learning (1) a different embodied habituation of sensorial sensitivity, (2) a language that instead of abstracting us from the senses actually allows us to reconnect with them and to delve deeply into their combined and thereby potentiated power, and (3) an epistemological gateway to the “unknown.”
Migrant youth and the idea of the ‘migrant experience’
Authors: Marotta Vince Peter
Published: July 2022

The article opens a conversation around what constitutes a ‘migration experience’ by identifying and examining various analytical frameworks that constitute an ‘experience’ as migration. Unlike previous approaches to describing young people’s ‘migrant experiences’, I do not take the notion as self-explanatory; rather, what we come to know as the ‘migrant experience’ hides various epistemological and political processes. I begin with an analysis of different conceptualisations of experience such as mediated, unmediated and experience as strangeness. The discussion then moves onto how these inform the spatial/temporal, critical and phenomenological accounts of an event known as the migration experience. The second part of the article demonstrates what empirical analysis may entail when we examine the idea of the migration experience as an analytical category. By drawing on my students’ self-reflective papers on their migration experience, specifically their stories on being Othered in the host and ‘home’ country and their experience of hybrid identities, we open an analytical space that reveals constructive tensions and synergies among the analytical frameworks. In so doing, the article illuminates and contributes to conceptualising the ‘migrant experience’ as both a category of analysis and practice.
Vocal Characteristics Influence Women's Perceptions of Infidelity and Relationship Investment in China
Authors: Zhang Jing , Tao Shuli
Published: July 2022

Vocal characteristics are important cues to form social impressions. Previous studies indicated that men with masculine voices are perceived as engaging in higher rates of infidelity and being less committed to their relationship. In the current study, we examined how women in China perceive information regarding infidelity and relationship investment conveyed by the voices (voice pitch and vocal tract length) of males, and whether different vocal characteristics play a similar role in driving these impressions. In addition, we examined whether these perceptions are consistent in Chinese and English language contexts. The results indicated that women perceived men with more masculine voices (lower voice pitch and longer vocal tract length) as showing a lower likelihood of infidelity and higher relationship investment; further, women who preferred more masculine voices in long-term relationships, but not in short-term relationships, were more likely to perceive men with masculine voices as less likely to engage in infidelity and more likely to invest in their relationship. Moreover, the participants formed very similar impressions irrespective of whether the voices spoke native (Chinese) or foreign (English) languages. These results provide new evidence for the role of the voice in women's choices in selecting long-term partners.