bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Framingham Risk Score in an NHANES Cohort
Authors: Farokhrouz Ashley , G. Bowden Rodney , A. Richardson Kathleen , Ahmed Tanvir , Kishore Jaimala
Published: December 2024

Objective
Studies assessing the risk of developing CVD between different racial groups in the United States have reached varying conclusions. The purpose of this study was to identify risk for CVD using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) between racial/ethnic groups. A secondary aim of this study was to compare risk for CVD based on SES status/poverty ratio.

Methods
A cross-sectional data analysis was conducted using the 2015-2020 NHANES datasets using individuals aged 18 to 79 years. Sample weights were assigned by NHANES researchers to each participant allowing researchers to generalize results to all non-institutionalized US civilians.

Results
Mexican Americans (MA) had the lowest average FRS and significantly lower CVD risk than all other racial groups, except NH Asian. NH Asians had the second lowest FRS and significantly lower risk than NH Blacks and NH Whites, but their risk was similar to other Hispanic or the other/multi-racial groups. NH Blacks showed no significant difference in FRS compared to NH Whites, other Hispanic, and other/multi-racial groups. NH Whites were not statistically different from other Hispanic or other/multi-racial groups. Other Hispanic and multi-racial groups did not exhibit statistically significant differences. Overall, Mexican Americans had the lowest FRS whereas NH Whites had the highest.

Conclusions
NH whites demonstrated the highest CVD risk according to FRS, as the oldest racial/ethnic group in the cohort. SES did not consistently predict FRS differences between racial/ethnic groups. These findings suggest a need to further explore FRS as a means of identifying individuals who are at high risk of developing CVD.
Higher Rates of Delay in Starting Advanced Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapies Linked to Insurance Delays, Intravenous Infusions, and Lack of Pharmacy Support
Authors: Gottesman Sara , Xiao Karen , Nguyen Hang P. , Hernandez Elizabeth , Saweris Emily , Jagannathan Priyanka , Jafri Faraz , Davis Jonathan , Tong Kimhouy , Tang Zhouwen , Gaidos Jill K.J. , Feagins Linda A.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Because biologic and small molecule therapy is expensive, payors have mandated preauthorizations for these medications, often resulting in a lengthy approval process. The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of and risk factors for delays in starting advanced therapies assessing insurance, care team, and patient-related factors.

METHODS:

Retrospective, multicenter study of patients with adult inflammatory bowel disease with prescriptions for an advanced therapy in 2 geographically distinct academic gastroenterology practices: one with and the other without a dedicated pharmacist. A priori, we defined a delay in starting therapy as >14 days between prescription and the first dose. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess for risk factors for delay.

RESULTS:

A total of 388 patients were prescribed advanced therapies with 46.6% receiving their first dose within 14 days. Patients who were on time vs delayed were similar in baseline demographics, disease characteristics, and disease activity. After adjusting for confounders, 3 independent risk factors remained significant as predictors for delay: study site (OR = 5.2, 95% CI 2.894, 9.333), intravenous drug delivery as opposed to subcutaneous or oral (OR = 3.07, 95% CI 1.845, 5.099), and insurance denial (OR = 2.72, 95% CI 1.082, 6.825).

DISCUSSION:

In a multicenter study, we found that a delay between prescription and administration of the first dose of an advanced therapy is common, with > 50% of patients having the first dose delayed by > 2 weeks. Delays in starting therapy were significantly more likely if denied by insurance, given by intravenously induction, or at a study site without a dedicated pharmacist.
ILO-PATRIS AS AN ALTERNATIVE INSTRUMENT TO OBSERVE THE WORKING CONDITIONS OF A SMALL FOOD-PRODUCING BUSINESS
Authors: Silalahi Rizky Luthfian Ramadhan , Purwaningsih Isti
Published: December 2024

The poor and hazardous work conditions of small businesses are prevalent, including the Indonesian small food-producing businesses. Observations have been commonly used to examine and describe the work conditions, although with some limitations. Despite the seemingly useful application, the ILO-PATRIS and its IPR calculation have not been used to observe the work conditions of Indonesian small food-producing businesses. This study aimed to demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of ILO-PATRIS, as an instrument to observe the working conditions of  Indonesian small food-producing businesses. A small business of tempe chips was purposively selected, with three respondents involved in the scoring of the ILO-PATRIS monitoring items. The results indicated relatively poor working conditions with ILO-PATRIS score of 30 out of 58. The IPR calculations led to the understanding that several aspects could be improved, such as the personal protective equipment and physical environment. This study demonstrated that the ILO-PATRIS and its IPR calculation are useful in observing the working conditions of an Indonesian small food-producing business. However, some recommendations of the use should be considered, which may be investigated in further studies.
DINAMIKA HUKUM DAN KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT DI MEDIA SOSIAL: STUDI KOMPARASI ANTARA INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA
Authors: Sugiarto Ihwan , Badruzaman Dudi
Published: December 2024

Permasalahan atau gap penelitian ini adalah menyoroti peraturan perundang-undangan kedua negara dan melihat persamaan dan perbedaan dalam kebebasan berpendapat di media sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana perlindungan hukum hak asasi manusia mempengaruhi kemampuan untuk mengekspresikan diri secara bebas di media sosial. Metodologi yang  digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library search). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa aturan yang diatur dalam konstitusi malaysia telah melahirkan undang-undang yang cenderung lebih tegas dan defensif terhadap pihak pemerintah. Sementara itu, di Indonesia, banyak terjadi pembaruan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan setelah peristiwa Reformasi 1998. Namun, persamaan yang ada pada kedua negara ini adalah keduanya memberikan jaminan kepada warganya untuk bebas menyampaikan pendapat, baik secara lisan maupun tulisan.
The Effects of Credit, Liquidity, and Operational Risks on GCC Bank Financial Stability: Moderating Role of Board Size
Authors: Alsulmi Fatima , Mahmood Rosli , Sapar Resul
Published: December 2024

This paper examined the impact of three types of bank risk: credit, liquidity, and operational risk on bank financial stability. It also examined the moderating role of board size and board frequency meetings. It also investigated the macroeconomic factors such as GDP growth and inflation and their influence on bank financial stability. A sample of listed banks in GCC stock exchanges from 2014 to 2022 using a panel data analysis. The findings highlighted that credit and operational risk significantly impact a bank's financial stability, but liquidity risk is unrelated to the bank's financial stability. In addition, GDP and the Covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on bank financial stability. Board size significantly moderates relationships between credit risk, operation risk, and bank financial stability.
Polarization and Emotional Response to Threats: The Case of Covid-19
Authors: Hemsley Pedro , Moraes Flavio , Pavão Lynda
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we ask how polarization is related to innate responses to threats. Through an online survey, we study the relationship between polarization about Covid-19 mitigation measures and psychopathy, a condition characterized by a reduced emotional response to perceived threats. We find that polarization is significantly lower for individuals with high psychopathy traits. This suggests that polarization over emotionally-charged political issues may be related to a biological mechanism that operates in high-risk environments: the fight or flight response.
Research on the Application of Desktop Virtual Reality in Middle School Physics Experiment Teaching under the Cooperative Enquiry Mode
Authors: Ma Xiulin , Fan Yu , Wang Teng , Wang Jiayong , Tian Shumin
Published: December 2024

As one of the important means of assisting experimental teaching, immersive virtual reality is limited by wearable devices in actual teaching environments, making it difficult to achieve large-scale application. In contrast, desktop virtual reality provides a feasible way to solve this problem with its low cost and convenience. However, there is currently a lack of in-depth research on how to effectively use desktop virtual reality to organize teaching activities. In view of this, this study carried out collaborative inquiry-based physics experimental teaching activities with the support of traditional real situations and desktop virtual reality . Through a comprehensive evaluation of the physics experimental abilities and related factors of students in the experimental group, the study found that: under the cooperative inquiry mode, physics experiment teaching organized based on desktop virtual reality technology can not only improve student performance, but also significantly alleviate some students' concerns about physics. fear of experiments, enhance their self-efficacy, and promote students' in-depth understanding of physical phenomena and laws. However, research has also found that overreliance on desktop  virtual reality activities may undermine students' ability to design rigorous experiments based on real equipment.
Transnationalism and Its Impact on the Creation of Collective Agency: The Case of Korean Military Brides in a Korean Immigrant Church in the U.S
Authors: Han Daehoon
Published: December 2024

Literature on contemporary immigrants suggests that increasing transnational practices foster agency construction across borders, thereby disjoining geographical space and social space in which identities are constructed and negotiated.  While studies pay increasing attention to the linkage between the transnational organizing of economic, political, and cultural activities among immigrant groups with a high level of transnationalism, relatively less attention has been given to the identity construction of immigrant groups without a high level of transnationalism.  This study examines the agency dynamics among non-mobile immigrants who develop their agency by creating and negotiating boundaries through identity management practices in the wave of transnationalism that occurs in an immigrant church.  Based on focus group interviews with fifteen Korean military brides and participant observation in a Mid-Western Korean immigrant church, the study revealed that through a new social space, Korean military brides not only created a more exclusive, closed, and homogeneous community within a Korean community, but their community becomes broader with comprehensive "imagined communities."  This study also suggested that as non-mobile transnational immigrants, this effort is part of their gradual adaptation as well as resistance to assimilation to the wave of transnationalism that makes Korean immigrant communities in the U.S. noticeably transform various structural transformations.
Modeling and Forecasting of Total Supply Malaysia’s Centrifugal Sugar Using ARIMA Model
Authors: Shafie Nur Amalina , Borhan Nurbaizura , Ariffin Noor Amalina Nisa , Isa Khairil Anuar Md , Ghani Nor Azura Md
Published: December 2024

Centrifugal sugar is essential to Malaysia's food sector and culinary scene because it is high-quality, consistent, and convenient for a variety of food and beverage applications. Customers, chefs, and food manufacturers who are looking for dependable sweetening solutions for their regular cooking and dining experiences choose it because of its broad availability and adaptability. To support market stability, price control, production scheduling, trade policy development, risk management, policy formation, and consumer welfare, it is essential to forecast the centrifugal sugar supply in Malaysia. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model is one of Box-Jenkins model which is common time series forecasting methodology that is widely utilised in various sectors including economics, finance, and business. Therefore, this research interest to model and forecast the total supply of centrifugal sugar in Malaysia using ARIMA model. This research used data from the IndexMundi website and analysed by using R software. This research found that the best model to forecast the total supply Malaysia’s centrifugal sugar is ARIMA (1,1,2). The total supply of Malaysia’s centrifugal sugar will increase in 6 years ahead.
The Challenges of Using ICT in the Teaching and Learning Process in Mozambique
Authors: Isabel Isabel Augusto
Published: December 2024

The Challenges of the Use of ICTs in the Teaching and Learning Process in Mozambique – is the subject of this study and arises in the context of the centrality that is attributed today to ICT as mediators of the teaching and learning process. The objective of this essay is to reflect on the challenges of using ICT in the teaching and learning process in Mozambique and to propose practices that guarantee the coherent use of digital resources, available at school and in the family, for pedagogical purposes. Methodologically, the study is based on a review of the existing literature on the subject. The pertinence of this study resides in the need to help teachers face the challenges imposed by the use of ICT in their work. The results reveal that educational practices demand from man an ability to adapt to changes in society. ICT have become indispensable in everyday school life in the 21st century alongside traditional methods. Therefore, it is necessary to equip educational institutions with technological equipment, as well as to make the teacher a critical, reflective and competent professional in the field of new technologies in order to help students to make the correct and intelligent use of ICT, allowing greater motivation for learning. Furthermore, each context must adapt the use of ICT according to its needs and particularities.
Context-Driven Decisions: The Impact of Framed Information on Financial Choices
Authors: Firmo Marcio , Hemsley Pedro , Santos Thiago
Published: December 2024

This paper examines how contextual framing influences financial decision-making under uncertainty. Poor decision-making is pervasive in financial behavior, and one proposed remedy is choice architecture, which seeks to improve decisions by altering the framing of information or decision tasks. In this context, we investigate how contextual information about a firm’s prospects affects investment choices, even when the distribution of outcomes is explicitly provided. In an online experiment, participants were randomly assigned to a control or treatment group and presented with decision-making tasks. Qualitative details about a firm's prospects significantly altered choices. Positive contextual framing increased the likelihood of retaining a stock, while negative framing reduced it, despite unchanged objective probabilities. In contrast, alternative exercises without specific contextual details showed no significant effects. These findings highlight how the design and contextual relevance of framing influence decision-making under uncertainty, offering insights into the role of qualitative information in financial behavior and choice architecture.
Knowledge Reasoning Based on the Generalized Modal Syllogism ⧠AM◇M-1 with ‘Most’
Authors:   School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, Hao Liheng , Cao Chongzi ,   School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
Published: December 2024

This paper firstly illustrates knowledge representation of generalized modal syllogisms based on the structure of generalized quantification propositions, and proves the validity of the generalized modal syllogism ⧠ AM◇M-1 on the basis of set theory and modal logic. And then the paper shows that the other 37 valid generalized modal syllogisms can be deduced from ⧠ AM◇M-1. Similarly, more valid generalized modal syllogisms can be derived from it. The reason why these syllogisms are reducible is that the necessary modality ⧠ and possible one ◇ are able to define mutually, and that the two Aristotelian quantifiers some and no are symmetric.
Role of Cloud Computing & Artificial Intelligence in the Logistics & Supply Chain Industry
Authors:   DePaul University, Sornprom Natapong ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Published: December 2024

The logistics and supply chain sector finds itself at a critical inflexion point, with mounting pressures to enhance efficiency, increase cost competitiveness and serve the dynamic needs of consumers. To aid such goals, technologies of cloud computing combined with artificial intelligence (AI) come into play. Scalable resources, real-time data access (SaaS), and collaboration offer a superior environment for consolidation, better communication between departments and resource integration across business operations. Further, AI with sophisticated techniques of machine learning have ability to analyze large data sets which enables businesses to automate certain tasks while minimizing certain operations apart from providing predictions.

This paper dwells on how cloud computing combined with AI can help in transformation of logistics supply chain management. How businesses across the verticals are leveraging these technologies to improve operations and providing a beacon for technological advancements in their growth. Furthermore, how cloud and AI integration can help industry and gain competitive edge in a rapidly evolving market to foster a more agile, resilient customer centric ecosystem. By adopting such technologies, businesses can navigate through the complexities of modern logistics and supply chain challenges and stay relevant in this hyper competitive digital landscape.
Thermal Aware Process Scheduling for Multicore Processors
Authors:   Computer Engineering Department, S G S Institute of Technology and Science, Indore, M.P., India, Agrawal Mahima , Mehta D. A. ,   Computer Engineering Department, S G S Institute of Technology and Science, Indore, M.P., India
Published: December 2024

Multi-core processors seem to be an alternative way to higher frequencies for increasing microprocessor performance, by handling more work in parallel at lower frequencies. The addition of multiple cores on the same chip results in an increase in power density on the chip which in turn generates large amount of heat. The increased temperature increases leakage current; and negatively aﬀects chip’s performance, reliability and life expectancy. In addition, they release greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and have negative impact on the environment. The study done so far reveals that the issue of high temperature can be solved by assigning and migrating the processes to a cooler core; but this increases migration cost and temporal temperature gradients thereby decreasing the performance. So, in this work the issue of high temperature along with temporal temperature gradients of the cores is addressed at the Operating System level via scheduling of processes. The experiments are performed on an Intel i5-3470 Linux machine. The experimental results reveal reduction in the peak temperature of the processor up to 11.36%, thermal swings in the processor up to 80% and turnaround time of the processes up to 17.24%. The idea of thermal aware scheduler presented in this paper can be applied for scheduling of jobs in data centers and high-performance computers to achieve performance while making computing environmentally friendly.
Induction of cardiac alternans in human iPS‐derived cardiomyocytes through β‐adrenergic receptor stimulation
Authors: Hinata Yuto , Sasaki Daisuke , Matsuura Katsuhisa , Shimizu Tatsuya
Published: December 2024

Cardiac alternans (C‐ALT) is a phenomenon of alternating strong and weak contractions in the heart and is considered a risk factor for the development of heart failure and arrhythmias. However, no model has been reported that can induce C‐ALT in vitro using human cells, and the developmental mechanism of C‐ALT has not been studied using human cells. In this study, we successfully induced C‐ALT in vitro using human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs). By stimulating β‐adrenergic receptor with isoproterenol on hiPSC‐CMs cultured in atmospheric condition (with ~0.04% CO2), contractility and calcium transient were observed to alternately increase and decrease with each beat. In contrast, C‐ALT was not induced in hiPSC‐CMs cultured at 5% CO2 concentration. Since previous studies have linked C‐ALT to problems with calcium regulation in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), we exposed hiPSC‐CMs to compounds that alter SR Ca2+ loading and analyzed their contractile responses. The results showed that exposure to verapamil, thapsigargin, and ryanodine either suppressed or eliminated C‐ALT. In contrast, omecamtiv mecarbil and blebbistatin, which alter contractility without SR Ca2+ loading, did not induce or suppress C‐ALT. These results suggest that C‐ALT in hiPSC‐CMs induced by isoproterenol may be due to abnormal regulation of the ryanodine receptor's opening and closing caused by excessive Ca2+ load in the SR from β‐adrenergic receptor stimulation.
Detection of seepage zones in artificial levees: A case study at the Körös River, Hungary
Authors: Abdelsamei Enas , Tímár Attila , Sheishah Diaa , Blanka-Végi Viktória , Hegyi Alexandru , Runa Boglárka , Balogh Olivér , Ali Ahmed M. , Sipos György
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates the impact of seepage on the integrity of artificial levees in low-lying regions, with a particular focus on Hungary, where levees built over a century ago lack comprehensive construction documentation, complicating current assessments of their effectiveness. Advanced geophysical methods – electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) – were applied in a controlled tank experiment designed to simulate varied flood conditions along a 37-m levee section. The three-dimensional (3D) ERT profiles successfully delineated seepage pathways as the tank filled, while the 3D GPR profiles indicated areas of increased amplitude, corresponding to seepage zones and the water table. Validation through drilling confirmed the geophysical findings, underscoring the accuracy of ERT and GPR in non-destructively identifying subsurface features and seepage channels. The results highlight the applicability of these methods for evaluating levee integrity and seepage dynamics, offering a reliable approach for flood risk assessment in Hungary and similar flood-prone areas worldwide.
Increasing depression and suicidality among American adolescent girls: Current findings, associated factors, and implications
Authors: Rice Timothy , Calov Chiara , Arias Diana
Published: December 2024

The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) Data Summary & Trends Report for 2011–2021 released in February 2023 showed higher rates among female high school students relative to their male peers in endorsements of experiencing poor mental health. This review provides a developmental orientation to promote a biopsychosocial conceptualization of these recent national findings. Young women have higher rates of depressed mood, suicidal ideation, and suicidal plans relative to men, and this gender discrepancy is widening. Higher rates of endorsed school and electronic bullying, social media use, substance use, sexual victimization, and school safety concerns among young women are considered in relation to their sex-specific impact. Recommendations for clinicians are offered to improve the awareness of these important factors and to guide tailored interventions.
Effect of Boldenone Administration on Some Organ Damage Markers in Trained Rats
Authors: Karaduman Batuhan , Lök Sefa
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Boldenone administration on skeletal muscle, liver and heart organs in exercised rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups as Control(C), Exercise (E), Boldenone(B) and Boldenone + Exercise (BE). There are 6 rats in the C and E groups and 7 rats in the other groups. The rats in groups E and BE were given a 45-minute treadmill exercise 5 days a week at a speed of 1.5km/hour for 8 weeks. In the statistical evaluation of the data, the results were given as mean±SD using the SPSS 22 package program. ANOVA and Duncan tests were used to compare the data between groups. At the end of the 8-week study, blood samples taken from rats were found to be significantly higher in AST and CK-MB values in B and BE groups than in C and E groups as a result of the statistical analysis (p0,05), it was observed that the mean values of the B and BE groups were higher than the mean values of the C and E groups in both parameters. LDH values were significantly higher in E, B and BE groups compared to C group (p<0.05). With the result obtained from the findings; It has been observed that the use of AAS increases liver enzyme levels (ALT, AST, ALP, LDH) and CK-MB levels, which is a marker of heart muscle damage. With these findings, it can be said that the use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids has negative effects on the heart and liver. In addition, the fact that the mean values of the BE group were higher than the other groups in all parameters, as exercise did not reduce the amount of these negative side effects of AASs, indicates that exercise may increase these side effects even more.
Marka Tescilinde Üçüncü Kişlerin Görüşleri
Authors: Yaşar Ali
Published: December 2024

Marka olarak seçilip kullanılmak istenen bir işaretin TÜRKPATENT nezdinde tescilinin yapılması, marka hakkı sahiplerine üçüncü kişilere karşı mutlak hak niteliğinde bir hak bahşetmektedir. Bu bakımdan oldukça önemli bir süreç olan marka tescil süreci, bir takım inceleme ve denetim işlemlerini bünyesinde barındırmakta ve kamu adına üçüncü kişilere de görüş bildirme olanağı sunmaktadır. İtiraz sürecinin aksine, sadece ilgililerin değil herkesin ileri sürebileceği bu görüşler, sınırlı hukuki sonuçlar doğurması ve fakat kamu yararına bir işlev üstlenmesi bakımından oldukça önemlidir. SMK m.17’de düzenlenen bu hak, mutlak ret nedenleri (m.5/1-ç hariç) gerekçe gösterilerek kullanılabilmekte ve görüş sahiplerini Kurum nezdinde işlemlere taraf yapmamaktadır. Kurum, görüşleri değerlendirir ve yerinde bulursa, marka başvurusunu kısmen veya tamamen reddedebilir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle kavram olarak tescil işlemine değinildikten sonra üçüncü kişi görüşlerinin hukuki niteliği, konusu ve sonuçları üzerinde durulmuştur.
Ems̱ile Şerhleri Örneğinde Sarf Kitaplarında Konu Sıralamasını Belirleyen Prensipler
Authors: Benli Ali
Published: December 2024

İslamî ilimlerin farklı sahalarında klasik dönemde telif edilen şerh ve haşiyelerin ele aldıkları konulardan biri de açıkladıkları eserlerin iç düzeni, yani konuların yazılış sıralarıdır. Konuların takdim ve tehirine dair açıklamalar ve gerekçelendirmeler, özellikle ders kitabı olarak kullanılan kısa metinlerde konu sıralanışının gelişigüzel olmadığını ve birtakım prensipler çerçevesinde belirlendiğini göstermektedir. Bu makalede Osmanlı medreselerinde sarf ilmine başlangıç aşamasında okutulan Ems̱ile’nin şerhlerinde eserin iç sıralaması hakkındaki yapılan açıklama ve gerekçelendirmeler incelenmiştir. Bunların büyük kısmı tikel konulara dair yorumlardır ve bunlarda konuların sıralanmasına dair genel kurallara dolaylı olarak temas edilmiştir. Bu makalede bahsi geçen açıklamalardan hareketle, klasik bir sarf metninin kompozisyonunda sıralamayı belirleyen genel prensipler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmış ve bu çerçevede aslında kelam-felsefe geleneğindeki tartışmalara dayandığı tespit edilen bu prensiplerin klasik dönem telif anlayışına yansımaları değerlendirilmiştir. Belirlenen genel prensiplerin bazıları Ems̱ile’de verilen dil yapılarının anlamlarının varlık ve zaman gibi ontolojik gerçekliklerle ilişkisine dairdir. Ancak bunlar arasında sebep-sonuç ilişkisi, etkilenme bağlantısı, türeme alakası, yalın veya bileşik olma durumu, kullanım sıklığı, cümlede temel veya yardımcı öğe olarak bulunma vb. mantık ve dil ile ilgili yorum ve açıklamalar görmek de mümkündür. Bunların yanında ilâhî emre uygunluk gibi dînî referanslar da sıralamayı belirleyen kurallar arasında sayılmıştır. Farklı şerh yazarlarının bir konunun öncelenmesi veya geriye alınması hakkında birbirinden ayrı gerekçeler öne sürdüklerine rastlanabilmektedir. Bu da aslında bu tür görüşlerin genelde zorunlu değil, yoruma dayalı öznel akıl yürütmeler olduğunu ve şarihlerin şerh ettikleri metni kompozisyonu yönünden de savunmaya çalıştıklarını göstermektedir. Yine de özellikle başlangıç seviyesinde okutulan bir sarf kitabında konu sıralamasına dair yapılan tartışmaları okumak ve bunların düşünsel arkaplanını görebilmek hem Arapça öğretiminde konu sıralaması ve ders planlaması hem de klasik kitapların yazımı ve iç düzeni hakkındaki bilgimize farklı boyutlar katabilecektir.
Üslûbü’l-Kur’an’ın Hermenötiği: Zerkeşî’nin el-Burhân’ı Çerçevesinde Bir Yeniden İnşa Denemesi
Authors: Coşkun Muhammed
Published: December 2024

Kur’an üslûbuna dair incelemeler çoğunlukla onun iʿcâz veçhini (beşer üstü ve mucizevi olan yönlerini) kanıtlama çabaları çerçevesinde icra ediliyor görünmektedir. Kur’an’ın kendine özgü ve beşer sözünü aşan üslûp özelliklerine sahip olması onun mucizevi yönlerinden birini teşkil ediyor olsa da, bu durum tefsir disiplininden daha çok kelam disiplininin araştırma alanına dahil bir konu olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Buna karşılık Üslûbü’l-Kur’ân bahsinin tefsir açısından öncelikli olarak konu edilecek yönü, Kur’an’ın dil ve üslûp özelliklerinin onun doğru anlaşılması noktasında arz ettiği önemi merkeze alıyor olmalıdır. Çünkü üslûp, kelimeleri ve cümleleri bir araya getirerek anlamı ifade etmek üzere metnin sahibinin seçtiği kendine özgü yol, yöntem anlamına gelir ve bir taraftan metnin edebi değerine (dolayısıyla Kur’an söz konusu olduğunda iʿcâzına) delalet ederken diğer taraftan onun doğru anlaşılması için izlenmesi gereken yol haritasını ifade eder. Klasik dönemde Zerkeşî (ö.794/1392) el-Burhân fî ʿulûmi’l-Kur’ân isimli eserinde konuyu her ne kadar başlangıçta iʿcâz eksenli inşa etmiş olsa da, Kur’an’ın kullandığı üslûp özelliklerini oldukça detaylı bir şekilde tasnif etmiş ve her bir başlıkta ilgili âyetlerin anlaşılması noktasında yardımcı olacak önemli değerlendirmeler yapmıştır. Zerkeşî’nin bu çabası, Üslûbü’l-Kur’ân bahsinin anlam merkezli bir şekilde yeniden tasarlanabilmesi için kaynak teşkil edebilecek niteliktedir. Ancak çağdaş dönemde yapılan akademik çalışmalarda bu bahis ağırlıklı olarak iʿcâz merkezli ele alınmaya devam etmektedir. Bu noktada belagat ilminde detaylıca ele alınan söz sanatları Kur’an’ın üslûp özellikleri olarak değerlendirilmekte, ancak bu özelliklerin dikkate alınıp alınmamasının anlamı ne ölçüde etkileyeceği sorunu merkezi bir mesele olarak değerlendirilmemektedir. Bu yazı Zerkeşî’nin el-Burhân isimli eserinin ilgili bölümünde yer verilen üslûp özelliklerinin hermenötik fonksiyonlarını analiz ederek Üslûbü’l-Kur’ân konusunun bu minvalde yeniden inşa edilmesini teklif etmektedir. Yazıda el-Burhân metni temel alınmış olmakla birlikte söz konusu üslûp özelliklerinin anlamı etkileyen yönlerinin ortaya konulması noktasında tefsir literatürüne de zaman zaman başvurulmuştur. Çalışmada ulaşılan temel sonuca göre çağdaş Tefsir Usûlü arayışlarında temel bir başlık olarak Kur’an üslûbu konusuna yer verilebilmesi için halihazırda literatürde mevcut olan çalışmaların yeni bir istikamete evrilmesi ve anlama (hermenötik) merkezli bir refleksiyonla klasik kaynaklardaki üslûp özelliklerinin yeniden ele alınması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca üslûp ile makām (sözün dış koşulları) arasındaki ilişkiye dair üslûpbilimde yapılan değerlendirmeler dikkate alındığında çağdaş Üslûbü’l-Kur’ân çalışmalarının vahyin şifahi boyutunu ve nüzul koşullarını da dikkate alması gerekmektedir.
Hicrî Beşinci Asır Nîşâbûr’da Tefsir Otoriteleri ve Tefsire Katkıları
Authors: Koçyiğit Hikmet
Published: December 2024

Nîşâbûr, orta çağda İslam dünyasının en önemli ilim merkezlerinden birisidir. Bu yüzden “ilim şehri”, “meşhur İslam âlimlerinin kaleleri”, “darü'l-ilm” (ilim evi) olarak nitelelendirilmiştir. Nîşâbûr, Hz. Osmân (ö. 35/656) zamanında, 31/652 yılında İslam topraklarına katılmıştır. Tahirîler (821-873) devrinde önem kazanmaya başlamış, Saffârîler (861-1003), Sâmânîler (819-1005) ve Gazneliler (963-1186) devrinde de önemini sürdürmüştür. 1038’den itibaren hicrî beşinci asırda çoğunlukla Büyük Selçukluların (1040-1157) idaresinde kalmıştır. İmam Müslim (ö. 261/875), İbn Huzeyme (ö. 311/924) ve Hâkim en-Nîsâbûrî (ö. 405/1014) gibi muhaddislerin; Eş’arî kelamının Horasan'daki en büyük temsilcilerinden İbn Furek ve Ebû İshâk el-İsferâyînî (ö. 418/1027) gibi kelamcıların; İmâm el-Cüveynî ve Gazzâlî (ö. 505/1111) gibi mütekellim-fakihlerin; Sülemî (ö. 412/1021) ve Kuşeyrî (ö. 465/1072) gibi sûfîlerin; Ebû Hafs el-Haddâd en-Nîsâbûrî (ö. 260/874), Hamdûn Kassâr (ö. 271/884) ve Ebû Osmân el-Hîrî (ö. 298/910) gibi melâmîlerin varlığı Nîşâbûr’un ilmî ortamına büyük katkı sunmuştur. Ayrıca Kerrâmî, Mutezilî ve Şiî âlimler de yazdıkları Kur’ân tefsirleriyle şehrin tefsir ortamına önemli katkılarda bulunmuşlardır. Bunların doğal sonucu olarak Nîşâbûr’da farklı eğilimlerde tefsirler yazılmıştır. İlgili literatür tarandığında, ilk beş asırda Nîşâbûr’da tefsir faaliyetinde bulunan 71 isim tespit edilmektedir. Bu isimlerden 47 tanesi Nîşâbûrluyken, 24 tanesinin Nîşâbûr’da uzun ya da kısa süreli bulunmaları itibarıyla buradaki tefsir faaliyetlerine katkı sunmuş olmaları muhtemeldir. Nîşâbûr’da hicrî ikinci asırda başlayan ilmî ve kültürel faaliyetler hicrî beşinci asırda tefsir sahasında kaynak eserlerin yazılmasına bir alt yapı oluşturmuştur. Bu bağlamda tefsir tarihinin önemli otoritelerinden Sülemî, Sa‘lebî (ö. 427/1035), Kuşeyrî ve Vâhidî (ö. 468/1076) yazdıkları ansiklopedik tefsirlerle sonraki müfessirlere kaynak olmuşlardır. Bu müfessirler hoca talebe ilişkisinde birbirleriyle bağlantılıdırlar. Sülemî ve Sa‘lebî nispeten daha sert tenkide uğramışlardır. Zira Sülemî’nin tefsiri bazı alimler tarafından tahrif olarak değerlendirilirken; Sa‘lebî ise (hâtıbu’l-leyl) gece odun toplayıcısı olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Kuşeyrî, Letâifu’l-İşârât adlı tefsirinde özellikle hocası Sülemî’den çok istifade etmiştir. Ancak hakikat ilimleri ile şeriat ilimlerini uzlaştırmaya çalışmıştır. Bu sebeple Sülemî’nin maruz kaldığı tenkitlere uğramamıştır. Vâhidî ise mananın rivayetlerle tesbit edilmesinin yanı sıra Arap diline uygunluğuna da önem vermiştir. Önemine binaen günümüzde Nîşâbûr’daki tefsir faaliyetleri için “Nîşâbûr Tefsir Okulu”, “Nîşâbûr Tefsir Çevresi” gibi tabirler kullanılmaktadır. Nîşâbûr’daki tefsir faaliyetlerinin hepsini ele alan kapsamlı bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte müfessirler düzeyinde çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Biz de tefsir otoritesi olarak anılmaya layık olan Sülemî, Sa‘lebî, Kuşeyrî ve Vâhidî‘yi makale ölçeğinde ele almaya çalıştık.
Özür Dileme Stratejileri ve Dindarlık Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma
Authors: İşbilen Nihal
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, çeşitli özür durumlarında kullanılan stratejilerdeki doğrudanlık düzeyi ile bireylerin dindarlık düzeyleri arasındaki bağlantıyı araştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, cinsiyet ve eğitim düzeyi gibi demografik faktörler ile özür dileme davranışı arasındaki etkileşimi de incelemektedir. Araştırma, dokümantasyon tekniğiyle literatür taraması yapılarak ve nicel ilişkisel tarama stratejisi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, Türkiye’nin farklı şehirlerinden katılan 18 ila 70 yaşları arasındaki 351 katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların %61,3’ü 18-25 yaş aralığında olup, %67,8’i kadın ve %32,2’si erkektir. Katılımcıların %10,3’ü lise ve altı, %76,6’sı lisans ve %13,1’i ise lisansüstü eğitim düzeyine sahiptir. Verileri toplamak için, farklı bağlamlarda en uygun özür stratejilerini belirleyen yazılı bir rol yapma testi olan Özür Dileme Söylem Testi ve katılımcıların dindarlık düzeylerini ölçen Dindarlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın analizinde, veriler SPSS 25.0 programıyla değerlendirilmiş, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, güvenilirlik analizi ve normal dağılım testleri yapılmıştır. Normal dağılıma uymayan veriler için Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H ve Bonferroni testleri, kategorik değişkenler için ise ki-kare analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, katılımcıların özür dileme stratejilerinin cinsiyet, eğitim ve dindarlık, düzeylerine göre anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Kadın katılımcılar duygusal tepkilere ve duygusal ifadelere daha yatkın bir profil sergilerken, erkek katılımcılar daha uzlaşmacı ve yapıcı bir tutum benimsemişlerdir. Örneğin, otobüs senaryosunda kadın katılımcıların karşı tarafı suçlama olasılığı erkek katılımcılara göre daha yüksektir (p
Who Erected the Monument to the Poet? Pushkin Competition in Reviews of “Grazhdanin” (“The Citizen”) for 1872—1874
Authors: Zakharova Olga
Published: December 2024

In his reflections on death, A. S. Pushkin did not appreciate man-made monuments and copper idols, he was inspired by the idea of a "non-man-made" monument that would be eternal, resurrecting time and time again in every reader’s soul. The first man-made monument to Pushkin was the well-known tombstone monument in the necropolis of the Svyatogorsk Monastery (1841). In the 1850s and 1860s, there were constant public pleas to erect a national monument to the poet in Russia. In the course of the discussion, the site near the Holy Monastery in Moscow was chosen for the moment. The veneration of the poet's memory and the discussion of the projects of his monument were reflected in the pages of the weekly "Grazhdanin" ("The Citizen"), edited by F. Dostoevsky. In April 1873, two reviews of the first exhibition of Pushkin monument models were published in the weekly. 15 projects were submitted for the competition. The authors of the published articles presented a critical analysis of all the projects, noting their advantages and disadvantages. Critics were ruthless towards unsuccessful projects. They didn't like boilerplate solutions. The models received a generally negative assessment. The review of the second exhibition of Pushkin's monument projects, which was published in the 19th issue of The Citizen in 1874, ended with the same verdict. Both contests were actually a no-choice choice. It was only in the third competition in 1875 that the winner ― A. Opekushin’s monument to Pushkin ― was determined, and it subsequently was opened on June 6, 1880. Reviews of models and their criticism constituted an important portion of the Pushkin-themed content of the weekly "The Citizen". They not only characterized the media aspect of Pushkin's reception in Russia, but also had great political and social significance. The citizens of Russia and the readers of "Citizen" collected people's money for the construction of the monument. During the unveiling of the monument, ideas were expressed that still determine the future of Russia. The opinions of the authors of the articles and editors of The Citizen V. Meshchersky and F. Dostoevsky raised the status of polemics and ultimately contributed to the triumph of the Pushkin Holiday in 1880. This is how the concept of the holiday as a historical event and the concept of Pushkin as a poet, prophet and "vsechelovek" (“panhuman”) developed.
Approaches to the Analysis of Sets of Cyber Statistics Indicators
Authors: Khydyntsev M.M. , Zubok V.Yu. , Palazhchenko I.L.
Published: December 2024

The work is devoted to solving the urgent problem of assessing cybersecurity, the state of cyber defense, cyber resilience (cyber resilience) at the facility, sectoral, national and interna-tional levels by forming sets and analyzing cyber statistics data, which is gradually being sepa-rated into a special area of cybersecurity.
The terminological base for collecting and processing cyber statistics data was analyzed and developed as well as the existing and new approaches to the formation of sets of cyber statistics indicators were proposed. Existing practices (established practices, frameworks) in the field of cybersecurity are used to form a domain structure and a system of cyber statistics indicators. The structure of cyberstatistics data was developed by the structure of the organiza-tional and technical model of cyber defense (2021) in the sectors of organizational and man-agement infrastructure of cyber defense, at the levels of the technological infrastructure of cyber defense, as well as for elements of the basic infrastructure of cyber defense (including critical information infrastructure). The result of the study's testing was a draft methodology for collecting and processing cyber statistics, the development of which is envisaged by the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine (2021).
Filtration of dynamically adsorbed gas in a bidisperse porous layer
Authors:   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yelisieiev Volodymyr , Lutsenko Vasyl ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Berkout Vadim
Published: December 2024

Among the problems related to filtration and mass transfer in porous bodies, the problems of the adsorption-desorption are currently of the greatest interest. This is due to a wide range of problems: the safety of mining and coal developments, the extraction of combustible gases, the storage of greenhouse gases in formations. At the same time, in theoretical terms, issues related to the multi-scale nature of fractured-porous media, in particular, mining and coal seams, are gaining wide popularity.
This paper considers the problem of filtration flow during gas injection into a porous formation, taking into account gas adsorption both on the surface of channels in macropores and during volumetric sedimentation in micropores. In the paper, it is assumed that the entire pore space of a coal seam, according to the results of recent studies, can be divided into two parts of mutually connected areas that differ from each other in their characteristic sizes of pore channels and, accordingly, with a large difference in permeability. The main attention is paid to the filtration features of the process of adsorbed gas flow in the reservoir. The developed model is based on the theory of inertialess gas motion, i.e. using the Darcy equation written in each zone separately. It is assumed according to the literature that the adsorption process obeys the Langmuir-type equation. The problem considers two stages of the process: gas injection into the reservoir and the process of filtration pressure establishment during reservoir blockage. Pressure changes in two different channel systems are shown depending on the intensity of gas flow from one pore branch of the system to another. With intensive overflows, pressure differences between the areas are insignificant. With weak overflows, the differences are large, which should lead to large internal stresses. The calculations performed qualitatively show the dynamics of the adsorption process during gas movement in the reservoir. It follows from the calculations that it largely depends on the structure of the pore space. With intensive overflows, the adsorption process practically follows the change in pressure in the entire pore space. For weak flows, the resulting large pressure differences between the two regions affect the adsorption process.
El potencial argumentativo de la estructura informativa: el caso del discurso periodístico
Authors: Veselko Vita , Pihler-Ciglič Barbara
Published: December 2024

La estructura informativa y la argumentación son dos fenómenos tan estrechamente relacionados que los recursos de estructuración informativa tienen trascendencia argumentativa y los mecanismos argumentativos conllevan relieve informativo (Fuentes Rodríguez/Alcaide Lara 2002, 224). Por eso, en el presente estudio pretendemos indagar en una de las facetas de esta relación e investigar el potencial argumentativo que muestran algunos procedimientos sintácticos de tematización y de focalización. Para ello caracterizamos brevemente las nociones clave de la estructura informativa y de la argumentación lingüística y estudiamos cómo se relacionan en el discurso. Centrándonos en el discurso periodístico como aquel que está inherentemente orientado a informar, y también a persuadir, delineamos la relevancia que ambos fenómenos presentan en la prensa. Con el propósito de acercarnos a un panorama general del potencial argumentativo que se vislumbra en la tematización y la focalización, examinamos finalmente un corpus de elaboración propia y analizamos los fines argumentativos con que se aprovechan ambos mecanismos.
Las relaciones de concreción en la construcción del discurso
Authors: Garcés-Gómez María-Pilar
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar una propuesta teórica y metodológica para explicar cómo se configuran las relaciones de concreción en el discurso. Estas relaciones manifiestan la intención del hablante de volver sobre su propio acto de comunicación para formularlo desde una nueva perspectiva y pasar de una generalización previa, explícita o implícita, a un elemento concreto, particular o específico que cumple las propiedades de lo dicho. Los resultados de la investigación permiten exponer los procedimientos de concreción en la construcción del discurso, establecer el paradigma de las unidades y construcciones que llevan a cabo esta relación discursiva, determinar los aspectos formales, distribucionales y combinatorios de estos signos lingüísticos, así como delimitar las funciones que desarrollan en los planos enunciativo, informativo y argumentativo del discurso
Social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Türkiye, Efil Sevda , Bükrük Ceren Mina ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Türkiye, Özen Ebru ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. The association between social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is unclear. The aim of this study was to show the correlation of social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Material and methods. Data collection was conducted by face to face interview in November 2022 and May 2023. Social vulnerability and medication adherence were evaluated using the Social Vulnerability Scale and the Medication Adherence Report Scale respectively.
Results. The mean scores of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for social vulnerability and medication adherence were 20.02±6.69 and 22.76±3.29 respectively. Levels of social vulnerability varied according to comorbidity, hypertension, heart failure, visit to emergency service in the last three months due to COPD exacerbation, and using herbal products instead of medication (p<0.05). Mean scores for medication adherence were lower in women, never smokers, and those who used herbal products instead of medication (p<0.05).
Conclusion. Having a higher level of social vulnerability is associated with worse medication adherence (r=-0.31, p<0.01). Individuals using herbal products are found to be at risk for social vulnerability and non-adherence to medication (p<0.05).