bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industry-University-Research Cooperation Education of Tourism English under Big Data Technology
Authors: Le Sisi
Published: August 2021

With the development of computer technology and the enhancement of chip processing ability, data accumulation will become faster and more convenient. The rapid growth of large amount of data will enable people to find more and more patterns. According to large data, tourism English industry-university-research cooperation tourism can greatly improve students’ comprehensive ability, we selected 60 students from the Foreign Language Institute and divided them equally into two groups. Among them, 30 students in Group A used big data technology for the industry-university-research cooperation education of tourism English and 30 students in Group B used traditional technology. Methods Travel English education was conducted. With the development of the experiment time, we found that there were significant differences between the two groups. The experimental results showed that 30 students in group A were better than those in group B in expressive ability test. The average test of group A students was 24.21, the average test of group B students was 15.10, the difference between the two groups was 9.11, and the ability of tour guide and explanation in group A was 6.97 higher than that in group B. Therefore, using big data technology can not only improve the expressive ability, but also improve the ability of tour guides and explanations. Big data can help students better adapt to their posts, move to society and create their own value.
RETRACTED: Development and Practice of the Course System of Embedded Technology Specialty in the Context of “Course Certificate Integration” Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Qian Wen
Published: August 2021

The construction of modern vocational education system is an important task in the field of vocational education in China at present and in the future. This paper mainly studies the development and practice of the curriculum system of embedded technology major under the background of “course and certificate integration” based on big data analysis. The basic route of this study is based on professional standards, analysis of national vocational qualification level standards and professional curriculum system, the relation between and based on enterprise actual job skills, aiming at vocational ability literacy training, introduce the professional standard in higher vocational embedded technology specialty construction, the establishment of embedded technology professional standard in higher vocational training, establish in the higher vocational curriculum system. Design a set of student-centered, give full play to the students’ subjective initiative of a complete teaching process, and for a chapter given a complete teaching process. After the end of the experiment, SPSS was used to analyze the performance data of the two classes. It was found that after a period of learning, the two classes without significant differences began to show significant differences, including the performance of the experimental class was significantly improved compared with the control class, and the experimental class was also better than the control class in terms of pass rate and excellence rate.
RETRACTED: A New Method of Free Combat Teaching Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Xu Yijun , Lv Lili
Published: August 2021

Artificial intelligence is an effective way to promote the intelligent development of education and teaching, and also an important concept of the development of quality education. This paper mainly studies the new teaching method of free combat based on artificial intelligence technology. This paper analyzes the innovation brought to education by intelligent image recognition, speech recognition, big data analysis, deep learning, intelligent teaching robot and other related technologies in the era of artificial intelligence. Meanwhile, it analyzes and discusses the influence of teaching reform in the era of artificial intelligence development. From the experimental results of this paper, it can be seen that from the perspective of students’ free combat sports skills, using artificial intelligence technology can more effectively improve students’ free combat sports skills than using conventional teaching methods to conduct elective free combat teaching. In the elective teaching of free combat in colleges and universities, the application of artificial intelligence skills can effectively improve the excellent rate and good rate, control the pass rate and reduce the failure rate of students’ examination results of free combat course.
Smart Construction under the Background of Population Aging
Authors: Shen Yunfeng , He Chao
Published: August 2021

The use of robots in the labor-intensive construction industry can save a lot of manpower and avoid personal injury to the greatest extent, while also greatly improving work efficiency. This paper proposes new solutions for the future construction industry under the background of an aging society through the application research of several typical construction robots.
RETRACTED: Advantages of Computer Aided Audit Technology in Enterprise Internal Audit
Authors: Xie Peibo
Published: August 2021

Corporate internal audit is a review of the company’s own operations. However, with the development of the company, the original manual audit method is becoming more and more difficult to meet the needs of the company. Under the background of big data, the current high redundancy and Involving a wide range of characteristics, computer auditing technology shows advantages that traditional audits do not have. In order to study the role of computer-aided auditing technology in corporate internal auditing, this paper uses distributed computing, using case analysis, literature analysis and other methods to collect data from databases such as CNKI, Wanfang Database, and SSCI, and build a The model of computer-aided audit in enterprise internal audit. Experimental results prove that through computer-assisted auditing, the audit-related efficiency of enterprises has been greatly improved, and the growth rate is about 30%. The accuracy and application efficiency of audit information have also been improved, which is about 20% higher than that of traditional audit methods. This shows that computer-aided audit technology can play an important role in the internal audit work of enterprises.
Application of Online and Offline Teaching Mode in the Course of “Embedded System” Under the Background of Internet
Authors: Liu Qiang , Jiang Yiran
Published: August 2021

Since the Internet was proposed many years ago, the application of the Internet has become diverse. Now, with the importance of education, the Internet is gradually being used in teaching. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the application of online and offline teaching mode in embedded system courses under the background of the Internet. In this paper, after consulting the literature on embedded systems and online and offline education models, the data model is constructed by using BP neural network algorithm to process and analyze the relevant data, and the experimental results are drawn. Experimental results show that the Internet-based online and offline teaching model is of some help to the embedded system curriculum.
Scheduling Strategy of Real-Time Charging Optimization of Electric Vehicles Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Jiang Yiran , Liu Qiang , Wu Hui
Published: August 2021

With the development of the times, more and more kinds of energy, and now, the country is vigorously advocating the use of new energy and clean energy, so electric vehicles came into being. Its main purpose is to replace the traditional car fuel consumption and use the new car power consumption to achieve the role of protecting the environment. But for electric cars, it needs to solve a problem with real-time charging compared to conventional cars. Because with the development of the industrial age, gas stations have been basically spread around the main road and various large residential areas, to facilitate the traditional car refueling. But electric vehicles have only been proposed and manufactured for a few years, and the charging piles have not yet been fully distributed everywhere to meet the charging needs of electric vehicles. Therefore, the charging of electric vehicles is one of the core issues of whether electric vehicles can be popularized. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to use deep learning algorithm to optimize the scheduling of real-time charging of electric vehicles. This paper refers to the planning ideas of gas station establishment at home and abroad, and after collecting the data on the purchase and growth rate of electric vehicles in recent years, the statistical research is carried out, and then the deep learning algorithm is used to unify and study all the data, so as to get a roughly needed charging pile size and distribution map. Then the sandbox simulation is carried out to get the experimental results. Experimental results show that the strategy of charging optimization scheduling based on deep learning algorithm can help electric vehicles to realize real-time charging better, more convenient and more user-friendly.
Construction Engineering Technology Specialty Group Construction in Big Data Age
Authors: Wei Aimin
Published: August 2021

As an important part of higher education, higher vocational colleges play an important role in cultivating talents needed in various industries. In addition to adapting to the local economic development, we should have our own characteristics, attract more students, and thus win the social reputation, which undoubtedly brings challenges to the construction of teachers’ team in higher vocational colleges. This paper takes the construction of construction engineering and technology specialty group in a university in our city as an example analysis of the construction of teachers in the construction of professional groups, and analyzes the problems and advantages of professional groups in the construction of teachers. Finally, it provides countermeasures for the team building of professional group teachers. Through analysis, we can see that the age distribution of teachers in this professional group is less than 20 people under 30 years old, accounting for 23.2%. The average education is satisfactory.
Role of Computer Technology in the Work of College Party Branches in the Information Age
Authors: Li Siyao , Wang Rui , Dong Yujing , Sun Maolin
Published: August 2021

The work of party branch in colleges and universities is an important part of our party’s construction and an important part of building a harmonious campus. The purpose of this article is to research and analyze the role of computer technology in the work of college party branches in the information age. This paper proposes to use the classic algorithm FP-growth algorithm for digital technology problems commonly used in computer technology. The FP-growth algorithm has the widest application range. It compresses the transaction database into an FP tree for processing. It also uses the Apriori algorithm, which eliminates the need to generate candidate frequent itemsets, which improves the efficiency of use [1]. In addition, this article uses the two core technologies of computer technology, data mining technology and data fusion technology, and their use strengthens the research of computer technology in the work of college party branches in the information age. With the use of high-precision algorithm processing of computer technology, problems can be accurately found and solved in the work of the party branch. Through the high precision of the FP-growth algorithm and the Apriori algorithm, the computer can simulate the problems that will occur in the construction problem in the construction of college party branches and give solutions in advance [2]. The experimental results show that the application of computer technology in the work of party branches in colleges and universities in the information age explored in this article is more recognized and liked by party branch workers. The efficiency of party branch workers has increased by about 90%, which is helpful for improving party building efficiency. Played a significant role.
Exploration of the New Teaching Form in the Perspective of Data-Intelligence Integration
Authors: Linghu Ke-Rui , Zhu Yuqun
Published: August 2021

Data and intelligence integration provides the new possibilities for the development of education in the future, which further empowers the innovation of teaching forms. This paper analyzes the new form of teaching under the integration of data and intelligence, and then puts forward some suggestions to promote the new form of teaching. The new form of teaching is supported by data and intelligence integration, which includes efficient learning, “double teacher” classroom and global interactive learning space, etc. In order to improve the new teaching effect under the data and intelligence integration, we can empower the new teaching forms from the three levels of school, teacher and student. In the future, we should further explore the development path of the new form of data intelligence integration teaching.
The Efficacy and Safety of Wuling Powder on Cirrhotic Ascites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen Zhanke , Zhang Xiaodong , Feng Suxiang , Li Bing , Li Huan , Zhang Kang , Xu Jiangyan
Published: August 2021

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety in patients with cirrhotic ascites treated by Wuling Powder. Methods PubMed, Web of science, The Cochrane library, EMbase, CNKI, WAFANG, VIP and SinoMed database were searched. Randomized controlled studies of cirrhotic ascites were collected from the establishment of the database to February 20, 2020. EndNote was used for literature screening, RevMan 5.3 was used for data analysis, GRADEpro was used to evaluate the evidence quality. Results 11 studies with 1054 patients were analyzed, Meta-analysis: @@@2460;Total effective rate: The Wuling powder group was higher (P <0.01)). @@@2461; Liver function: The serum ALT, AST and TBIL in Wuling powder group were significantly lower (P <0.01), the ALB (Albumin) was significantly higher (P <0.05). @@@2462;The incidence of adverse events: There was no significant difference (P = 0.72>0.05). @@@2463; Recurrence rate: The Wuling powder group was lower (P <0.01). @@@2464; GRADE evaluation: The quality of evidence in the total effective rate, ALB index and incidence of adverse reactions was intermediate, the others were low or very low. Conclusions The Wuling powder combined with basic western medical treatment for cirrhotic ascites can significantly improve clinical efficiency, liver function and reduce recurrence rate, the adverse events were not obvious. However, due to the low quality of the included studies, it should be used with caution in the clinic.
Application of Industrial Robots in Automated Production Lines under the Background of Intelligent Manufacturing
Authors: Zhou Lianyang , Wang Fei , Wang Ningwei , Yuan Tongwen
Published: August 2021

Intelligent manufacturing is the theme and main direction of the “Made in China 2025” development strategy, and the application of industrial robots is an important direction of intelligent manufacturing. In the next few years, industrial robots will be widely used in various enterprises, which will inevitably require a large number of high-tech industries. Industrial robots are high-tech products of modern society and play an important role in the process of economic development, especially in the manufacturing industry. Industrial robot technology is widely used in automated production lines, so that industrial production efficiency can be greatly improved. Instead of manual labor to carry out various complex production and operations, to achieve industrial production automation. Analyze the application of industrial robots in automated production lines at this stage, and explore their future development directions, so that they can better serve the manufacturing industry. This article takes the industrial robots and PLCs in the industrial automation production line as the research object, and takes the automated production line for mass production of a product as an example. It explains the joint control scheme of the PLC controller and the industrial robot controller, and provides for the construction of joint control of similar production lines in the future.
RETRACTED: On the Monophthong Features of Cangzhou Dialect (Hebei Province) based on Acoustic Data Analysis in the Big Data Era
Authors: Yan Jinting , Gao Xiaotian
Published: August 2021

With reference to the acoustic data of seven first-level vowels in Mandarin Chinese, this paper examines the vowel characteristics of the 16 dialects in Cangzhou, Hebei, and summarizes the local and overall characteristics of the Monophthongs in the Cangzhou dialect based on a large amount of acoustic data. Through comparative analysis of the distribution of Monophthongs of various dialects in Cangzhou and their differences and similarities with Mandarin, we hope to enrich the dialect phonetic database and provide a reference basis for data support for the promotion of Mandarin Chinese.
Application of Search Engine Optimization in the College’s Official Website from the Perspective of Website Diagnosis
Authors: Feng Shaona , Wen Cui , Kong Lingjian
Published: August 2021

The official website is a window for the school to publicize and a “business card” that reflects the strength of running a school. Use relevant tools to diagnose the official website of Hainan College of Software Technology, and propose internal and external optimization suggestions to improve the website’s inclusion, ranking and traffic in search engines. This is of great significance for school brand building and website enrollment consultation.
Application of Ceramic Glaze Based on Big Data
Authors: Du Qinfen
Published: August 2021

With the popularization of the Internet and the rapid development of information technology, the types and quantities of data are increasing at an unprecedented rate. We are in an era of ever-increasing data penetration, and “big data” has arrived. Nowadays, all walks of life are using big data, and human production and life can no longer leave big data. It has been widely used in many fields, including large-scale hydropower and ceramic glaze. This article mainly introduces the literature reference research method, analytic hierarchy process and investigation research method. This paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to analyze the application of big data in ceramic glaze, and establishes a potential mathematical model. The model is solved by the analytic hierarchy process, and the application status of big data in ceramic glazes is studied, and the model is revised using historical data to improve the accuracy of the application status of big data in ceramic glazes. The experimental results of this paper show that the analytic hierarchy process increases the efficiency of the application research of big data in ceramic glazes by 13%, and reduces the rate of false alarms and false alarms. Finally, by comparing the application value analysis of big data in ceramic art glaze and the modernization demand analysis of ceramic art glaze, the influence of the application of big data in ceramic art glaze is systematically explained.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in the Teaching of Mechanical Education Courses in Universities
Authors: Liu Honghua , Tan Wenping , Li Hongmei , Gong Jingzhong , Liu Xiangling
Published: August 2021

With the continuous innovation of artificial intelligence technology, the teaching level of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities is also constantly improving. In the context of the era of big data, the teaching of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities has become more intelligent and informatized. This article mainly introduces BP neural network method and hill climbing algorithm. This paper uses BP neural network method to analyze the application of artificial intelligence technology in the teaching of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities, and establishes a potential mathematical model of BP neural network method. The model is solved by BP neural network method, and the current situation analysis and application status of the teaching mode of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities are analyzed, and the model is revised using historical data to improve the application research of artificial intelligence technology in the teaching of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities Accuracy. The experimental results of this paper show that the BP neural network method has increased the effect of artificial intelligence technology in the teaching of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities by 33%. Finally, by comparing the value analysis of the application of artificial intelligence technology in the teaching of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities, and the data analysis of artificial intelligence technology in the teaching of mechanical education courses in colleges and universities, the system shows that artificial intelligence technology is used in mechanical education courses in universities. Application in teaching.
OTN Technology Development and Application in Metropolitan Electronic Power Network
Authors: Fan Chao , Yang Hongzhen , He Jiale , Zhao Jianpeng
Published: August 2021

Based on the relevant meaning, advantages and characteristics of the OTN technology, the OTN equipment can be applied in man, including the application in the convergence layer, in building circuit scheduling and CPRI interface circuit loading of the access layer. As a transmission network technology in the metropolitan electronic power, the OTN has a broad prospect in development and application in the future.
The Realization of Sports Intelligence Based on the Perspective of Students’ Physical Fitness
Authors: Zhang Lingzhi , Wen Meiling , Huang Jing
Published: August 2021

Intelligent technology is widely used in all aspects of life. The use of modern information technology to promote the development of sports intelligence to improve the physical health of students is an important way to reform school sports. As the development of school sports is facing problems such as insufficient attention and insufficient teachers, it is recommended to establish a dynamic monitoring system of student physique, school sports teaching and competition training management mechanism, construct a school sports culture network platform, and build a “cloud” by means of network technology such as big data. “Platform sports education new model and other paths to achieve the intelligent development of school sports.
Intelligent Diagnosis of Equipment Health Based on IOT and Operation Large Data Analysis
Authors: Tian Yingming , Gao Fan , Wu Peng
Published: August 2021

Predictive maintenance integrates equipment condition monitoring, fault diagnosis, fault prediction, maintenance decision support and maintenance activities. Intelligent manufacturing upgrades need to match the synchronous improvement of predictive maintenance capabilities, and predictive maintenance is the basic guarantee for enterprises to achieve intelligent manufacturing. Take the equipment condition monitoring and diagnosis system applicate in process industry as an example, this paper proposes IOT and operation big data analysis to equipment fault monitoring, diagnosis and preventive maintenance. Under the three-layer system framework of perception layer, network layer and application layer, machine learning algorithm is applied to carry out data mining on the equipment operation big data, establish expert knowledge base, obtain diagnosis rules, and realize the intelligent and efficient management mode integrating online monitoring, remote monitoring, remote diagnosis, fault matching and identification. Based on IOT and operation large data analysis, equipment health intelligent diagnosis provides the basic guarantee for equipment intelligent operation and maintenance, which helping enterprise establish new equipment management, maintenance, inspection and repair system under the concept of predictive maintenance and proactive maintenance.
The Importance of “Computer Aided Design” Course Reform in the Training of Applied Talents in Environmental Design
Authors: Wang Tao , Xu Dan
Published: August 2021

Based on the analysis of social needs and research results in recent years, the article takes social needs as the guide and problems as the entry point, and proposes the importance of computer-aided design for the training of applied talents in environmental design. With the development and promotion of computer software, the application of computer design software has become an important part of today’s environmental design field. In such a background, computer-aided design is particularly important in the process of training applied talents in environmental design. Therefore, in the construction of environmental design teaching system, the importance of computer-aided design courses to the training of environmental design applied talents should be clarified, and the computer-aided design course system should be built to continuously improve the professional level and application practice ability of students in environmental design major.
Synthesis and Characterization of a complex mixture based on cobalt and tin and study of its application towards production of hydrogen gas from ethanol
Authors: Samala Swapna , Brahma GouriSankhar , Swain Trilochan
Published: August 2021

The Cobalt complex, (Co-DMET) has been synthesized from the reaction between cobalt chloride hexahydrate and dimethoxy ethane (DME) in a 1:1 molar ratio and characterized using various measurement techniques. The structural formula of this complex derived based on characterization is [Co(DMET)2(H2O)2]Cl2. 4H2O. Dimethoxy ethane is an O-donating ligand able to coordinate in a chelate mode to the central metal cobalt to form the complex. The bidentate ligand is used to make the complex more stable. This complex was further mixed with the catalytic amount of SnO2 to obtain a complex mixture, (Co-DMET-Sn) and its application towards hydrogen production from ethanol at temperature 333 K was checked. Liberation of H2 gas is found to be maximum at 15 cc of ethanol when charged with 1: 0.1 molar ratios of cobalt-DMET complex and SnO2. This same cobalt-DMET-tin mixture was charged with various quantities of ethanol ranging from 5.0 cc to 50.0 cc at temperature 333 K. Amount of H2(g) liberated from ethanol was estimated to be 14.92 % using Gas Liquid Chromatography(GLC). The cobalt is used due to less expensive than the other metals such as Pt which is generally used for catalytic purpose. Crystallite size of the Cobalt-DMET-tin complex was found to be 23.4 nm.
Multi -Response optimization of Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) process parameter for Aluminum based Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite using GRA
Authors: shukla Saurabh , Singh D.K
Published: August 2021

Aluminum based hybrid metal composite (MMC) have been applied to many various applications in the area of automobiles and aerospace. This research article shows the multi-response optimization of EDM of process parameter for Aluminum based metal matrix hybrid composite (Aluminum 6061/Al2O/TiO2). The optimum process parameter of EDM as like pulse on time (Ton), current (Ip), duty cycle (t), voltage (V) on material removal rate and surface roughness were investigated. Hybrid Aluminum metal matrix composite was machined by using tool which is made of copper materials, of ϕ12 mm for experimentation. The mechanical stirring procedure is used to fabricate the hybrid MMC. The design of experiments was conduct through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The experimental result declares that the main influencing input parameter is current.
A systematic review on real time exhaust gas sensing system for on board sensing of harmful gases in IC engine
Authors: Bante S M , Karale S R , Awari G K
Published: August 2021

Air pollution causes detrimental effects on human health and the atmosphere. The emissions associated with transport represent a major component of aerial pollution. In recent years, air pollution is becoming a very important issue in India and around the World. Conventionally, the most popular dynamometer testing has been widely used to measure vehicle exhaust emission and these measured emissions have been used as primary data for modeling transport related air quality impact. However, during such conventional emission testing, real driving conditions are not strictly considered. Nowadays, real-time vehicle emission measurement is mainly focused by the most of the researchers for analysis purposes. In the present paper, the various real-time vehicle emission measuring technologies such as vehicle emission measurement by using RFID technology, emission measurement using gas sensor technology, emission measurement using gas sensor technology with the use of IoT and emission measurement using portable emission measurement system (PEMS) is discussed.

Article I.
The effects of micro and macro structure on electronic properties of bismuth oxyiodide thin films
Authors: Abdul-Manaf N A , Azmi A H , Fauzi F , Mohamed N S
Published: August 2021

Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) thin film was deposited using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique under the same molar ratio of bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)5H2O) and potassium iodide (KI). The effects of micro and macro structures due to the post-annealing treatment has been studied towards the improved electronic properties of BiOI films. BiOI thin film was perfectly coated without any cracks or pinholes. The as-deposited BiOI film displayed small flakes with flower shape microstructure. The flakes size has increased from ∼0.8 μm to ∼3.2 μm upon annealing at 350 °C, thenceforth shattered with increasing annealing temperature. BiOI films annealed at 350 °C showed a sharper band edge slope with an energy bandgap ∼1.61 eV compared to others annealing temperatures. The single crystalline BiOI film has transformed from tetragonal to tetragonal-orthorhombic polycrystalline with mix Bi5O7I3 and Bi7O9I3 phases after being annealed ≥450 °C. Electronic properties of BiOI were studied in terms of average resistance and conductivity measured using four-probe hall effect measurement. The conductivity value has reached the maximum for sample annealed at 350 °C, owing to the formation of ordered phase in material structure, higher crystallinity, larger flakes sizes, as well as reduction of defects and grain boundaries resistance. When the annealing temperature exceeded 450 °C, the electrical conductivity decreased due to the particle aggregation, sublimation of materials, formation of mix-phase and polycrystalline structure that generated grain boundaries and provided more resistance for electrons flow. The work has demonstrated a better understanding of material issues and some clues on the effect of the thickness, microstructure and structural properties on the electronic properties of BiOI thin film.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of moderate-speed extrudable Mg-Gd-Sm-Zr alloy
Authors: Bao Jian , Li Quanan , Chen Xiaoya , Zhang Qian , Chen Ziyi
Published: August 2021

Extrusion Mg-Gd based alloy has the excellent mechanical properties, but usually at the sacrifice of productivity. In this paper, we designed a Mg-10Gd-1Sm-0.5Zr alloy, and have successfully extruded it with a die-exit speed of 3.2 m min−1, and the extrudability is improved by indirect extrusion under differential-thermal condition. The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded and peak-aged alloys were investigated in detail. The results indicate that as-extruded alloys exhibit the bimodal structure composed of dynamic recrystallized (DRXed) grains and UnDRXed grains with good ductility, and its elongation (El) is 14.3% at room temperature and 26.2% at 250 °C. Aging treatment remarkably enhance the strength of as-extruded alloy, and the peak-aged alloy exhibits ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 345 MPa, yield strength (YS) of 287 MPa and EL of 6.3% at room temperature, and has UTS of 316 MPa, YS of 268 MPa, and EL of 7.8% at 250 °C. β′ precipitation strengthening, fine-grain strengthening, solution strengthening, texture strengthening have responsible for improving strength of peak-aged alloy.
Wetland restoration yields dynamic nitrate responses across the Upper Mississippi river basin
Authors: Evenson Grey R , Golden Heather E , Christensen Jay R , Lane Charles R , Rajib Adnan , D’Amico Ellen , Mahoney David Tyler , White Elaheh , Wu Qiusheng
Published: August 2021

Wetland restoration is a primary management option for removing surplus nitrogen draining from agricultural landscapes. However, wetland capacity to mitigate nitrogen losses at large river-basin scales remains uncertain. This is largely due to a limited number of studies that address the cumulative and dynamic effects of restored wetlands across the landscape on downstream nutrient conditions. We analyzed wetland restoration impacts on modeled nitrate dynamics across 279 subbasins comprising the ∼0.5 million km2 Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB), USA, which covers eight states and houses ∼30 million people. Restoring ∼8,000 km2 of wetlands will reduce mean annual nitrate loads to the UMRB outlet by 12%, a substantial improvement over existing conditions but markedly less than widely cited estimates. Our lower wetland efficacy estimates are partly attributed to improved representation of processes not considered by preceding empirical studies − namely the potential for nitrate to bypass wetlands (i.e., via subsurface tile drainage) and be stored or transformed within the river network itself. Our novel findings reveal that wetlands mitigate surplus nitrogen basin-wide, yet they may not be as universally effective in tiled landscapes and because of river network processing.
Yau and Souplet-Zhang type gradient estimates on Riemannian manifolds with boundary under Dirichlet boundary condition
Authors: Kunikawa Keita , Sakurai Yohei
Published: August 2021

In this paper, on Riemannian manifolds with boundary, we establish a Yau type gradient estimate and Liouville theorem for harmonic functions under Dirichlet boundary condition. Under a similar setting, we also formulate a Souplet-Zhang type gradient estimate and Liouville theorem for ancient solutions to the heat equation.
A dual role for DNA binding by Runt in activation and repression of sloppy paired transcription
Authors: Prazak Lisa , Iwasaki Yasuno , Kim Ah-Ram , Kozlov Konstantin , King Kevin , Gergen J. Peter
Published: August 2021

It is shown that the Drosophila slp1 gene is a direct target of the Runt transcription factor. Interestingly, binding sites for Runt important for repression, but less so for activation by the slp1 DESE enhancer, clearly contribute to DESE-dependent activation in a composite reporter gene construct also containing the slp1 PESE enhancer.
Resveratrol and related stilbene derivatives induce stress granules with distinct clearance kinetics
Authors: Amen Triana , Guihur Anthony , Zelent Christina , Ursache Robertas , Wilting Jörg , Kaganovich Daniel
Published: August 2021

We show that resveratrol and its analogues, piceatannol, pterostilbene, and 3,4,5,4’-tetramethoxystilbene, induce stress granule formation with atypically rapid clearance kinetics. Resveratrol-induced stress granules form in Arabidopsis thaliana plant cells and human cells, but do not form in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Blasphemy and media
Authors: Sherwood Yvonne
Published: August 2021

‘Blasphemy and media’ studies how blasphemy has been profoundly changed by media revolutions: first, print, woodcuts, pamphlets, and newspapers; then, in a massive wave of transformation from the late nineteenth century, telegraph, radio, photography, film, and television; and finally, the age of digital technology and social media. The media revolutions of 1880–2020 have greatly expanded capacities for making, amplifying, spreading, monitoring, and prosecuting ‘blasphemies’. New media supports new forms of blasphemy. Blasphemous cartoons, ‘blasphemous’ plays and musicals, blasphemy memes, and ‘blasphemies’ and insults which are being auto-generated by algorithms, are important elements in the media revolution. Blasphemy has become an explicit form of advertising and promotion.
A case report: cardiac dysphagia—a ghost of the past?
Authors: Deschepper Céline , Devos Daniel , DePauw Michel
Published: August 2021

Background

Rheumatic heart disease has become rare in developed countries and physicians have grown unfamiliar with the disease and its clinical course. The mitral valve is most commonly affected leading to mitral regurgitation and/or stenosis. The chronic volume and/or pressure overload leads to atrial remodelling and enlargement, driving the development of atrial fibrillation and thrombo-embolic events.

Case summary

A 87-year-old patient with a history of rheumatic mitral stenosis and mitral valve replacement was admitted to the neurology department for vertigo. A stroke was suspected, and she underwent a transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE) which was complicated by dysphagia. Oesophageal manometry and computed tomography revealed oesophagogastric junction outflow obstruction due to extrinsic compression by a giant left atrium (GLA).

Discussion

Dysphagia due to a GLA is rare. Various diagnostic criteria exist and the prevalence thus depends on which criterium is used. It is mostly encountered in rheumatic mitral disease, although there are reports of non-rheumatic aetiology. When the left atrium assumes giant proportions it can compress adjacent intrathoracic structures. Compression of the oesophagus can lead to dysphagia, as in our case. A TOE in these cases is relatively contraindicated and should only be performed if there is considerable reason to believe that it may change patient management.
Fertility and Modernity
Authors: Spolaore Enrico , Wacziarg Romain
Published: August 2021

We investigate the determinants of the fertility decline in Europe from 1830 to 1970 using a newly constructed data set of linguistic distances between European regions. The decline resulted from the gradual diffusion of new fertility behaviour from French-speaking regions to the rest of Europe. Societies with higher education, lower infant mortality, higher urbanisation and higher population density had lower levels of fertility during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, the fertility decline took place earlier in communities that were culturally closer to the French, while the fertility transition spread only later to societies that were more distant from the frontier. This is consistent with a process of social influence, whereby societies that were culturally closer to the French faced lower barriers to learning new information and adopting novel attitudes regarding fertility control.
Intraspecific Transcriptome Variation and Sex-Biased Expression inAnopheles arabiensis
Authors: Jayaswal Vivek , Ndo Cyrille , Ma Hsiu-Ching , Clifton Bryan D , Pombi Marco , Cabrera Kevin , Cohuet Anna , Mouline Karine , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Dabiré Roch , Ayala Diego , Ranz José M
Published: August 2021

The magnitude and functional patterns of intraspecific transcriptional variation in the anophelines, including those of sex-biased genes underlying sex-specific traits relevant for malaria transmission, remain understudied. As a result, how changes in expression levels drive adaptation in these species is poorly understood. We sequenced the female, male, and larval transcriptomes of three populations of Anopheles arabiensis from Burkina Faso. One-third of the genes were differentially expressed between populations, often involving insecticide resistance-related genes in a sample type-specific manner, and with the females showing the largest number of differentially expressed genes. At the genomic level, the X chromosome appears depleted of differentially expressed genes compared with the autosomes, chromosomes harboring inversions do not exhibit evidence for enrichment of such genes, and genes that are top contributors to functional enrichment patterns of population differentiation tend to be clustered in the genome. Further, the magnitude of variation for the sex expression ratio across populations did not substantially differ between male- and female-biased genes, except for some populations in which male-limited expressed genes showed more variation than their female counterparts. In fact, female-biased genes exhibited a larger level of interpopulation variation than male-biased genes, both when assayed in males and females. Beyond uncovering the extensive adaptive potential of transcriptional variation in An. Arabiensis, our findings suggest that the evolutionary rate of changes in expression levels on the X chromosome exceeds that on the autosomes, while pointing to female-biased genes as the most variable component of the An. Arabiensis transcriptome.
Clinical Profiles of Childhood Astrovirus-, Sapovirus-, and Norovirus-Associated Acute Gastroenteritis in Pediatric Emergency Departments in Alberta, 2014–2018
Authors: Tarr Gillian A M , Downey Emily , Pang Xiao-Li , Zhuo Ran , Strickland Ali J , Ali Samina , Lee Bonita E , Chui Linda , Tarr Phillip I , Freedman Stephen B
Published: August 2021

Background

Infections by previously underdiagnosed viruses astrovirus and sapovirus are poorly characterized compared with norovirus, the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis.

Methods

Children <18 years old with acute gastroenteritis were recruited from pediatric emergency departments in Alberta, Canada between 2014 and 2018. We described and compared the clinical course of acute gastroenteritis in children with astrovirus, sapovirus, and norovirus.

Results

Astrovirus was detected in 56 of 2688 (2.1%) children, sapovirus was detected in 146 of 2688 (5.4%) children, and norovirus was detected in 486 of 2688 (18.1%) children. At illness onset, ~60% of astrovirus cases experienced both diarrhea and vomiting. Among sapovirus and norovirus cases, 35% experienced diarrhea at onset and 80% of 91% (sapovirus/norovirus) vomited; however, diarrhea became more prevalent than vomiting at approximately day 4 of illness. Over the full course of illness, diarrhea was 18% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8%– 29%) more prevalent among children with astrovirus than norovirus infections and had longer duration with greater maximal events; there were a median of 4.0 fewer maximal vomiting events (95% CI, 2.0–5.0). Vomiting continued for a median of 24.8 hours longer (95% CI, 9.6–31.7) among children with sapovirus versus norovirus. Differences between these viruses were otherwise minimal.

Conclusions

Sapovirus infections attended in the emergency department are more similar to norovirus than previously reported, whereas astrovirus infections have several distinguishable characteristics.
Racial Oppression and Racial Projects in Consumer Markets: A Racial Formation Theory Approach
Authors: Crockett David
Published: August 2021

The dominant theoretical approach to exploring ethnic and racial inequality in marketing and consumer research focuses on discrete acts of discrimination that stem from social psychological causes (e.g., prejudice, stereotypes, and negative racial attitudes). It holds limited explanatory power for meso- and macro-structural phenomena that also generate racialized outcomes. An implication is that ethnic and racial inequality can be portrayed as something imposed on market systems rather than a routine feature of their functioning. In response, I introduce and synthesize two variants of Racial Formation Theory (RFT) and propose it as a useful theoretical approach for addressing whether and how organizational and institutional actors in market systems engage in goal-directed action that allocates resources in ways that challenge (or reinforce) ethnic and racial oppression.
Envenomation by Steatoda borealis (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Connecticut, USA
Authors: Vossbrinck Charles R , Krinsky William L
Published: August 2021

We report a case of envenomation by Steatoda borealis (Hentz, 1850) in Connecticut in late spring 2021. The bitten subject was a 60-yr-old female Caucasian. The bite occurred upon disturbing some books in her basement. She reported a painful stinging bite on her finger followed by the formation of an erythematous macule at the site of the bite which was gone the next day. There was no sign of necrosis. The spider was recovered directly at that time. The victim reported that later that night she experienced heart palpitations. This is the first report of envenomation by S. borealis, a common spider in Connecticut.
Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Infection-Related Mortality: A Cohort Study
Authors: Cheong Hae Suk , Chang Yoosoo , Joo Eun-Jeong , Ryu Seungho
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of death worldwide and is associated with various diseases. However, studies addressing its impact on infection-related deaths are limited. This study examined the relationship between smoking and infection-related mortality.

Aims and Methods

A cohort of 583 034 South Korean adults who underwent annual or biennial health examinations were followed up for infection-related deaths using national records. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for infection-related mortality.

Results

The median follow-up was 9.1 years (maximum 18 years), and 335 infection-related deaths were identified. Current smoking, but not former smoking, was positively associated with an increased risk of infection-related mortality. After adjusting for possible confounders, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for infection-related mortality comparing former and current smokers with never smokers were 0.94 (0.68–1.30) and 1.45 (1.05–2.02), respectively; and those for infection-related mortality by number of pack-years comparing 10–19.9 and ≥20 pack-years to <10 pack-years were 1.26 (0.81–1.96) and 1.47 (1.03–2.09), respectively, while those comparing 10–19 and ≥20 cigarettes/day to <10 cigarettes/day were 1.35 (0.86–2.11) and 1.54 (1.13–2.11), respectively (p for trend <.05). Individuals with ≥20 pack-years had a 2.06 times greater risk of infection-related mortality when changes in smoking status and confounders during follow-up were updated in the analysis as time-varying covariates.

Conclusions

Current smoking status, intensity, and pack-years were associated with an increased risk of infection-related death, with the highest risk of infection-related mortality found consistently in individuals with ≥20 pack-years.

Implications

In this large-scale cohort study of relatively young and middle-aged South Korean adults, current smoking, smoking intensity, and pack-years were associated with an increased risk of death due to infections; in particular, a significantly increased risk of infection-related mortality was consistently found in individuals with ≥20 pack-years. When appropriate, infection-related mortality should be included in smoking-attributable mortality burdens, and effective smoking control measures should be considered to improve infection-related mortality.