bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Évaluation de l’offre de soins en situation d’urgence basée sur la mise en place des postes de santé avancés dans la ville de Djibo, Burkina Faso, avril 2022
Authors: Ouedraogo Hamed Sidwaya , Kabore Yewayan Larba Berenger , Sawadogo Noaga , H. Maiga Massoudou , Sawadogo Abdoul-Guaniyi , P. Salou Richard , K. Ouedraogo Judicaël , Sanou Simon , Claudine Lougue/Sorgho Léonie
Published: July 2024

Introduction : La ville de Djibo au Burkina Faso fait face à une crise sécuritaire et humanitaire depuis 2015. Les populations déplacées internes qui y ont trouvé refuge présentent plusieurs besoins, dont les soins de santé. La mise en place de postes de santé avancés fait partie de la stratégie d’offre de services de santé-nutrition adoptée pour y répondre. Nous avons évalué l’apport de ces postes de santé avancés en termes de disponibilité, d’accès aux soins et la satisfaction des bénéficiaires. Méthodologie : Nous avons réalisé une étude transversale mixte à visée descriptive et analytique du 1 er  mai 2021 au 30 janvier 2022 portant sur la population hôte, les personnes déplacées internes, les agents de santé et certaines structures de santé de Djibo. Elle a concerné 422 personnes pour le volet quantitatif. Les données quantitatives dont celles de 2016 à 2020 ont été analysées du logiciel Epi info version 7.2.3.1 et complétées par un volet qualitatif. Résultats : 7/9 structures périphériques étaient des postes de santé avancés offrant des soins de base comme la consultation prénatale et post natal, le suivi des nourrissons, la vaccination. Les interventions en nutrition étaient insuffisantes dans certains postes de santé avancés. L’accès géographique était satisfaisant à l’inverse de l’accès financier. Conclusion : La stratégie a permis de répondre aux besoins en soins de base dans ce contexte de crise dont l’accès financier doit être amélioré.
Le charisme et les logiques mémorielles d’authentification Éléments pour une analyse des phénomènes d’emprise dans les situations d’abus
Authors: Valasik Catherine
Published: July 2024

À travers une relecture d’auteurs classiques de la sociologie des religions, une analyse du charisme et de ses modalités d’authentification est proposée dans le but de mieux comprendre les abus commis au sein de l’Église catholique. Le charisme se fonde sur une inter-prétation mémorielle des sources de la religion qui lui permet de se positionner comme légitime. Le récit proposé par le leader conjugue en un nouvel imaginaire des identités déliées. Comment alors penser la liberté individuelle et la délégation ? Tout pouvoir personnel charismatique engendre-t-il des situations d’emprise ? Le contre-don permet-il de sortir de ce cercle domination/pouvoir en offrant une réciprocité relationnelle ?
De l’autorité à l’autoritarisme : de l’analyse des risques qui pèsent sur les États libéraux à l’ombre de Carl Schmitt – et à la lumière de Hermann Heller
Authors: Goupy Marie
Published: July 2024

Cet article se propose d’exposer deux grandes interprétations des risques, dans les démocraties libérales, de voir l’appel à la restauration de l’autorité glisser vers l’autoritarisme, en particulier dans des contextes de crise. Ces deux interprétations, dont l’une se situe dans le sillage de Jürgen Habermas, et l’autre dans celui de Hermann Heller, prennent également appui sur une lecture de la théorie de Carl Schmitt. Cet article voudrait montrer, qu’en dépit de ses évolutions, la pensée schmittienne de l’« autorité » – de la décision politique, jusqu’à l’État total autoritaire – demeure cohérente, mais qu’elle présente un caractère volontairement ambigu et stratégique. Une ambiguïté et une stratégie qui invitent à penser un peu différemment les périls de « l’autorité ».
L’agentivité au miroir du genre dans les écrits personnels de jeunesse (Suisse romande, 1720-1820)
Authors: Moret Petrini Sylvie
Published: July 2024

Au XVIIIe siècle, l’écriture éducative a le vent en poupe. Influencés par toute une littérature pédagogique qui en vante les multiples avantages, les parents, les précepteurs et les enfants eux-mêmes prennent la plume. Entre journaux personnels et journaux de voyages, de nombreux journaux de jeunesse, rédigés entre 1720 et 1820, ont été identifiés dans les archives romandes. À l’écriture diaristique s’ajoutent les nombreux corpus de lettres enfantines. Ce matériau – à propos duquel la recherche se développe également en Europe – donne désormais accès à une certaine forme de parole enfantine qui a longtemps été jugée marginale pour le XVIIIe siècle. Son étude rend possible l’écriture d’une histoire de l’enfance du point de vue des enfants eux-mêmes. Dans cet article, j’entends livrer quelques résultats, pour l’espace romand, autour de la question de l’agentivité dans les processus d’émancipation et des facteurs de cette agentivité – que relèvent les jeunes gens eux-mêmes – tels que le développement du savoir-être et l’affirmation de l’autonomie. La spécificité du corpus romand qui compte près de 50 % d’écriture féminine permet de s’interroger sur l’impact du genre dans ce processus.
Planos de Igualdade de Género no Ensino Superior em Portugal: Descrição e Notas Reflexivas
Authors: Cruz Patricia , Cerqueira Carla , Araújo Emília
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e refletir sobre as principais caraterísticas dos planos de igualdade de género em Instituições de ensino superior em Portugal. A partir da análise de informação disponível em domínio público sobre planos de igualdade de género das instituições de ensino superior portuguesas, identificam-se alguns indicadores relevantes que permitem equacionar a potencialidade transformativa destes instrumentos de política institucional, bem como a necessidade de repensar alguns pontos críticos no que se refere à existência e extensão dos diagnósticos e ao envolvimento e participação dos diferentes públicos.
“France de commande”
Authors: Zhao Bing
Published: July 2024

Abstract: “France de commande” is a circumscribed mode of exchange for exceptional objects that was started by the French court. This article examines three orders for 17 enameled objects that the Qianlong emperor placed their production with France between March 1775 and January 1776. By analysing and comparing several Chinese and French archival documents in a precise and contextual manner, the article seeks to understand how Qianlong identified France as the country that would supply his court, and sheds light on the dynamics of Brittany’s network of private traders, in particular the role of Pierre-Louis-Achille de Robien, in securing these high-risk transactions in a complicated historical context.
Aspectos geológicos-geomorfológicos e os parâmetros morfométricos da rede de drenagem: uma análise e discussão sobre um sistema cárstico
Authors: Medeiros Rafael Brugnolli , Silva Charlei Aparecido da
Published: July 2024

Avaliar a morfometria da rede de drenagem traz consigo inúmeros dados (distribuição dos canais, densidade de drenagem, forma da bacia, entre outros) que contribuem para subsidiar um planejamento adequado dos recursos hídricos e, consequentemente das bacias hidrográficas. Tal análise partiu de uma problemática principal que é o fato da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Formoso, Bonito/MS, apresentar dois sistemas distintos: o sistema cárstico e terrígeno. Fatos que possibilitaram avaliar suas diferenciações e como isso se reflete nos canais de drenagem da bacia em questão, compreendendo, assim, o objetivo desse estudo. Para tanto, utilizaram-se referenciais que vinculam a análise morfométrica às questões areais e lineares das drenagens, além da avaliação dos principais componentes da paisagem, no papel das rochas e relevo. Os resultados encontrados trouxeram uma importante variação entre os sistemas, as sub-bacias predominantemente cársticas apresentaram elementos de destaque, como baixa densidade de drenagem e hidrográfica, aumento no coeficiente de manutenção, entre outros elementos de distinção. Logo, esse estudo possibilitará ser um ponto de discussão para outros trabalhos que queiram adentram em áreas cujas características entrelaçam os sistemas cárstico e terrígeno.
A atuação das principais empresas do setor de telecomunicações no Cone Sul e digitalização do território
Authors: Silva Paulo Fernando Jurado da
Published: July 2024

Notre siècle assiste à l’élargissement du processus de numérisation du territoire, avec l’adoption et l’usage des technologies de l’information et de la communication. La pénétration de ce phénomène s’est renforcée dernièrement en raison de la pandémie du Covid-19 et des conséquences qui s’en sont ensuivies, dont on peut citer l’isolement social, l’expansion du travail à distance et des activités économiques liées à l’usage et à la diffusion de l’Internet. Partant de ce constat, l’objectif principal de ce travail est d’analyser la performance et les stratégies corporatives des plus grandes sociétés du secteur des télécommunications dans le Cône Sud, regroupant des nations en Amérique du Sud avec une certaine diversité territoriale et économique (le Brésil, l’Argentine, le Paraguay, l’Uruguay et le Chili), dans le cadre de la numérisation du territoire, en particulier l’expansion des services de télécommunication et la participation dans les marchés nationaux. En vue de cette étude, plusieurs démarches ont été mobilisées, à savoir le relevé et la révision bibliographique sur le thème, la recherche de données secondaires sur des sites électroniques, l’analyse documentaire et de contenu, la tabulation des données et la production cartographique correspondante. Les résultats visés par l’étude consistent à offrir des éléments interprétatifs pour comprendre cette réalité, si chère à la géographie et à ses domaines voisins, à travers la description des caractéristiques du processus en cause, et la mise en évidence des particularités de l’usage du territoire par les sociétés commerciales.
Alimentação escolar e alimentos da agricultura familiar em Região Metropolitana Amazônica Brasileira
Authors: Portal Riziane Duarte , Vieira Ima Célia Guimarães , Canto Otávio do
Published: July 2024

O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) – maior e mais antiga política pública na área de alimentação e nutrição do Brasil, constituindo uma estratégia de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) – tem o intuito de promover e garantir o acesso à alimentação adequada aos estudantes da educação básica. A Lei Federal nº 11.947/2009, vincula o PNAE à agricultura familiar, determinando que o percentual mínimo de 30% dos recursos financeiros repassados pela União seja destinado à aquisição de alimentos oriundos dessa categoria produtiva. Este trabalho analisou o processo de aquisição de alimentos da agricultura familiar para atender a alimentação escolar nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES) da Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB) como instrumento para o desenvolvimento local e para a SAN. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa de natureza teórico-empírica, para tanto foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com servidores envolvidos no processo de compras do PNAE nessas Instituições, os dados foram avaliados através da análise de conteúdo. Constatou-se que a organização do PNAE nas IFES da RMB atende à Lei nº 11.947/2009, no que concerne a aquisição de gêneros alimentícios da agricultura familiar. No entanto, essa aquisição é recente, tem mostrado avanços importantes, apesar de fatores limitantes ainda estarem presentes, como a pouca variedade de alimentos, o conhecimento ainda limitado dos atores envolvidos no processo de compra sobre a legislação e normas que regulam o fornecimento de alimentos para o PNAE. É necessário o aprimoramento do programa às especificidades das IFES de forma a melhorar o processo de compras da agricultura familiar contribuindo para o desenvolvimento local e para SAN.
Abastecimento alimentar em contextos de crise: uma análise sobre o Haiti
Authors: Osthe John , Junior Valdemar João Wesz
Published: July 2024

A República do Haiti tem enfrentado, historicamente e na atualidade, múltiplas crises, que impactam a sua população de maneira intensa e direta. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os espaços, os atores e as dinâmicas de abastecimento alimentar no país, focando de maneira específica no pequeno município de Saint-Raphaël (Departamento Norte). Em paralelo, será dada evidência para a atuação das madan sara, elo central para entender o abastecimento alimentar no Haiti. Além de uma revisão bibliográfica e da análise de dados secundários, foram feitas entrevistas com diferentes atores ligados com o tema em Saint-Raphael (agricultores, consumidores, revendedores, madan sara, entre outros). Os resultados apontam que o principal local de abastecimento em Saint-Raphaël é o mercado agrícola municipal, cujos produtos são comercializados tanto pelos agricultores como por revendedores. Tanto em termos locais como nacionais, grande parte da dinâmica de abastecimento perpassa as madan sara, mulheres empreendedoras individuais independentes que compram a produção das famílias agricultoras locais e levam para as cidades maiores, trazendo no retorno outras mercadorias, com destaque aos produtos importados. Elas estabelecem uma conexão vital entre as áreas rurais e urbanas, sendo chaves para a circulação de produtos e para o abastecimento alimentar do Haiti, com enorme capacidade de resistência e resiliência mesmo em um contexto nacional marcado por múltiplas crises.
Políticas alimentares e as capacidades estatais em capitais metropolitanas brasileiras
Authors: Zimmermann Silvia Aparecida , Grisa Catia , Aranha Adriana
Published: July 2024

A alimentação e a agricultura tornaram-se temas de grande interesse no século XXI. A urbanização das sociedades, as ameaças à produção provocadas pelo aquecimento global e o acirramento da desigualdade e insegurança alimentar nutricional são alguns dos desafios da atualidade. Este artigo coloca em análise e compara as capacidades estatais de duas metrópoles brasileiras na condução de políticas alimentares, Curitiba e Belo Horizonte. Ambas foram pioneiras na criação das políticas alimentares em meados dos anos 1980, que persistem até os dias atuais. Na metodologia foram empregados revisão bibliográfica, documental e 23 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com (ex)secretários, (ex)gestores e representantes da sociedade civil atuantes nos dois municípios, entre os meses de março e agosto de 2021. Conclui-se que diversos fatores contribuíram para a construção e continuidade das políticas alimentares nas cidades estudadas, sobretudo o ativismo institucional e a estruturação burocrática, somada a capacitação em segurança alimentar e nutricional e a incorporação dos princípios de eficiência e inovação pública, assim como o reconhecimento das políticas alimentares pela população local e o reconhecimento nacional e internacional dos temas alimentares.
Entre avanços e rupturas: análise do alcance do Programa de aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) em 10 anos de atuação – 2009 a 2019
Authors: Cavalcanti Natália Thaynã Farias , Marjotta-Maistro Marta Cristina , Rodrigues Gilberto Gonçalves
Published: July 2024

O Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), sancionado pela Lei nº 10.696 de 02 de julho de 2003, apresentou resultados significativos no acesso a alimentação para populações vulneráveis e na contribuição para fortalecimento da agricultura familiar. Apesar dos avanços alcançados, o PAA também enfrentou fragilidades na execução que afetaram sua eficácia e alcance no Brasil. Este trabalho objetiva identificar o alcance do PAA por regiões brasileiras, analisando os quantitativos dos recursos, produtos adquiridos, números de municípios e fornecedores participantes no Programa nos anos de 2009 a 2019. A análise e apontamentos foram fundamentados por meio de revisão bibliográfica e dados secundários da Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (CONAB), principal executor do PAA, disponibilizados na Plataforma do Governo Federal. Como resultados, verificou-se que o PAA apresenta rupturas e descontinuidades na sua execução, iniciadas a partir do ano de 2013, nas variáveis analisadas, após mudanças na operacionalização e fiscalizações. No período de 2009-2019, o alcance do Programa, no que se refere a recursos investidos, sofreu uma queda 88,6%, ocasionando uma redução da aquisição de mais de 263 mil toneladas de alimentos. A participação dos municípios teve com redução de 63,5% e de 92,1% no número de fornecedores, concretizando com o fim do Programa e evidenciando o enfraquecimento das políticas agrícolas especificas para agricultura familiar.
Cultivo de dendezeiro no Pará: dinâmicas espaciais e uma aproximação geohistórica
Authors: Venturieri Adriano , Jr. Moisés Mourão , Homma Alfredo K. O. , Andrade Emeleocípio B.
Published: July 2024

Buscou-se harmonizar duas abordagens, uma fundamenta no registro histórico e outra evidenciada a partir de realizações no espaço. Assim buscou-se uma aproximação geohistórica. Tomando-se dados de produção municipal ao longo de série PAM-IBGE foram avaliados aferidores de representatividade, dominância os quais indicaram possíveis fases constituintes da cadeia de produção do dendê. A pertinência a cada uma dessas fases indicou trajetórias entre os municípios. Uma avaliação atual a partir dessas trajetórias é fornecida. Em vários momentos foi possível evidenciar a marcante presença do estado, sendo possível tratar o estabelecimento da cultura como produto do planejamento. Atualmente a cadeia apresenta uma expressiva concentração na microrregião Tomé-açu, em especial Tailândia e Moju, podendo ser denominada de “região de palmares”, ainda assim novas áreas incorporadas nos últimos anos apontam uma clara expansão territorial da cultura, tanto em condições de consolidação, quanto de produção recentíssima. Avalia-se o papel do estado como indutor e assegurador do desenvolvimento da cadeia do dendezeiro.
RELAÇÕES LITOESTRUTURAIS E MORFOTECTÔNICAS DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO BUFADEIRA – FAXINAL/ PR - SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Fortes Edison , Santos Fernando Ricardo dos , Marques Américo José
Published: July 2024

A bacia do rio Bufadeira está localizada no município de Faxinal, no contexto de transição entre o Segundo e o Terceiro Planalto paranaenses, sendo constituída por rochas sedimentares e ígneas das formações Rio do Rasto, Pirambóia, Botucatu e Serra Geral, todas pertencentes à Bacia Sedimentar do Paraná. As formações cenozóicas mais importantes estão representadas por leques aluviais recobertos por colúvios arenosos e argilosos que ocupam o sopé dos limites escarpados da serra, bem como coberturas colúvio-aluviais próximas as calhas dos cursos fluviais. O presente estudo teve por objetivo estudar os controles litoestruturais exercidos sobre o modelado do relevo, bem como as influências de estruturas regionais da Serra da Bufadeira, a partir do entendimento do geomorfológico da bacia hidrográfica do homônima. Sequências de blocos limitados por falhas normais de direção NE-SW, associado a zona periférica do Alto Estrutural de Mauá da Serra, condicionam o quadro morfotectônico da área. Com base na análise das feições estruturais foram definidos dois compartimentos morfotectônicos da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Bufadeira: o Compartimento Morfotectônico da Cimeira Basáltica (CMCB), que se desdobr em três subcompartimentos: o Subcompartimento Morfotectônico das Altas Superfícies Estruturais (SMASE), o Subcompartimento Morfotectônico das Superfícies Intermediárias Desniveladas (SMSID) e o Subcompartimento Morfotectônico das Baixas Superfícies Desniveladas (SMBSD). O segundo compartimento é representado pelo Compartimento Morfotectônico das Superfícies Inumadas (CMSI). Estes compartimentos são limitados por escarpas que evidenciam erosão diferencial acentuada, combinado com falhamentos normais em estilo dominó, com direção N60E subvertical. Falhas normais subverticais em estilo dominó foram registradas em na Formação Rio do Rastro afetando depósitos de coberturas cenozoicas, indicando a possibilidade de eventos de caráter neotectônico no condicionamento morfogenético da paisagem, embora este ainda necessite de maiores investigações para sua confirmação.
A POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE SANEAMENTO BÁSICO: UMA ANÁLISE COM BASE NO CASO DOS MUNICÍPIOS DE FRANCISCO BELTRÃO, IRETAMA E CAMPO MOURÃO/PR
Authors: Athaydes Tiago Vinicius Silva
Published: July 2024

A falta de políticas municipais voltadas para o atendimento do saneamento básico é algo que ainda prejudica a população brasileira e mundial. Ao menos no papel, o PLANSAB -Plano Nacional de Saneamento Básico tem como meta ampliar a participação de estados e municípios, descentralizando ações e incentivando a construção de planos e políticas municipais de saneamento. Neste artigo, são apresentados os fundamentos do PLANSAB, com ênfase em diretrizes para o saneamento no meio rural, e analisada a existência de políticas e ações na área de disposição e tratamento de esgoto em três municípios no estado do Paraná: Francisco Beltrão, Iretama e Campo Mourão. A metodologia utilizada foi composta por revisão bibliográfica; leitura e análise da Lei n. 11445/2007, que culminou na criação do PLANSAB em 2013; revisão do PLANSAB em 2019; e em entrevistas com responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento de ações de saneamento rural de cada município. Como o PLANSAB trata de políticas e práticas para o saneamento em nível municipal, buscou-se entender como os municípios estão enfrentando essas questões. Os municípios estudados não apresentaram planos e políticas municipais para o saneamento básico no meio rural, não seguindo as diretrizes do Plano e da Política Nacional de Saneamento Básico.
 
Palavras-chave: Relação Sociedade e Natureza. Saneamento Básico. Agricultura Familiar. Políticas Públicas.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE CHEIAS E INDICADORES DO NÍVEL DE MARGENS PLENAS EM UM CÓRREGO PERIURBANO DE MARECHAL CÂNDIDO RONDON, OESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Fernandez Oscar Vicente Quinonez
Published: July 2024

A definição do nível de margens plenas em canais entalhados é um problema recorrente nas medições de campo. O trabalho analisa a relação da frequência e da magnitude das cheias com indicadores morfológicos e sedimentológicos do nível de margens plenas no córrego Guavirá em Marechal Cândido Rondon (PR). O estudo foi realizado em um trecho entalhado ao longo de 80 m de extensão e área de bacia igual a 8,31 km2. O estudo consistiu no levantamento de perfis longitudinal e transversal e monitoramento das cheias com réguas de máximas entre 2006 e 2013. Nos perfis foram identificados diversos indicadores comumente utilizados na literatura: depósito lateral de canal (H1), cota superior da faixa de desgaste (H2), ponto de inflexão da margem (H3) e superfície do fundo de vale (H4). Foram registradas 182 enchentes, com vazões mínima e máxima igual a 3,27 e 33,90 m3/s e valores da média, mediana e moda igual a 4,58, 4,12 e 3,45 m3/s respectivamente. A comparação das estatísticas das cheias com as posições altimétricas dos indicadores sugere que as feições H1 e H2, que coincidem com a moda e a mediana das cheias, podem ser usados como indicadores do nível de margens plenas nos canais entalhados da região.
 
Palavras-chave: Fundo de vale. Planície de inundação. Canal incisivo. Urbanização.
Hospital-Based Electrocardiographic Monitoring: The Good, the Not So Good, and Untapped Potential
Authors: Pelter Michele M.
Published: July 2024

Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring was first introduced into hospitals in the 1960s, initially into critical care, as bedside monitors, and eventually into step-down units with telemetry capabilities. Although the initial use was rather simplistic (ie, heart rate and rhythm assessment), the capabilities of these devices and associated physiologic (vital sign) monitors have expanded considerably. Current bedside monitors now include sophisticated ECG software designed to identify myocardial ischemia (ie, ST-segment monitoring), QT-interval prolongation, and a myriad of other cardiac arrhythmia types. Physiologic monitoring has had similar advances from noninvasive assessment of core vital signs (blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation) to invasive monitoring including arterial blood pressure, temperature, central venous pressure, intracranial pressure, carbon dioxide, and many others. The benefit of these monitoring devices is that continuous and real-time information is displayed and can be configured to alarm to alert nurses to a change in a patient’s condition. I think it is fair to say that critical and high-acuity care nurses see these devices as having a positive impact in patient care. However, this enthusiasm has been somewhat dampened in the past decade by research highlighting the shortcomings and unanticipated consequences of these devices, namely alarm and alert fatigue. In this article, which is associated with the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses’ Distinguished Research Lecture, I describe my 36-year journey from a clinical nurse to nurse scientist and the trajectory of my program of research focused primarily on ECG and physiologic monitoring. Specifically, I discuss the good, the not so good, and the untapped potential of these monitoring systems in clinical care. I also describe my experiences with community-based research in patients with acute coronary syndrome and/or heart failure.
Palmitoylation of NLRP3 Modulates Inflammasome Activation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Development
Authors: Hu Dingwen , Li Yuting , Wang Xianyang , Zou Haimei , Li Zonghui , Chen Weijie , Meng Yu , Wang Yingchong , Li Qin , Liao Feng , Wu Kailang , Wu Jianguo , Li Geng , Wang Wenbiao
Published: July 2024

Aberrant activity of NLRP3 has been shown associations with severe diseases. Palmitoylation is a kind of protein post-translational modification, which has been shown to regulate cancer development and the innate immune system. Here, we showed that NLRP3 is palmitoylated at Cys419 and that palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC17 is the predominant enzyme that mediates NLRP3 palmitoylation and promotes NLRP3 activation by interacting with NLRP3 and facilitating NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7)–NLRP3 interactions. Blockade of NLRP3 palmitoylation by a palmitoylation inhibitor, 2-bromopalmitate, effectively inhibited NLRP3 activation in vitro. Also, in a dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis model in mice, 2-bromopalmitate application could attenuate weight loss, improve the survival rate, and rescue pathological changes in the colon of mice. Overall, our study reveals that palmitoylation of NLPR3 modulates inflammasome activation and inflammatory bowel disease development. We propose that drugs targeting NLRP3 palmitoylation could be promising candidates in the treatment of NLRP3-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Use of virtual reality in physical rehabilitation: A narrative review
Authors: Bhise Swati , Rathi Manisha , Dabadghav Rachana , Atre Janhavi
Published: July 2024

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an innovative technology in various fields. It transforms how we experience and interact with the world, and it has also developed into physical rehabilitation. Rehabilitation has also evolved from mere exercises to using technology while giving exercises to patients. VR is a technology that can enhance treatment and improve outcomes. VR uses computer-generated three-dimensional interactive simulation models, allowing users to engage in environments resembling real-world objects and events. An extensive literature search was conducted on SCOPUS, PubMed, the Web of Science and relevant rehabilitation databases. The keywords ‘virtual reality’, ‘rehabilitation’ and ‘physical therapy’ were employed to identify pertinent studies. The inclusion criteria encompassed research investigating the use of VR in rehabilitating musculoskeletal, neurological and cardiovascular conditions. VR has been used in various rehabilitation domains. It is effectively used in balance and gait training, cognition and memory training, pain management, muscle strengthening, etc. It has also been shown to improve adherence to exercises. VR training in physical therapy represents a transformative advancement in rehabilitation. Integrating VR technology offers many benefits, including enhanced engagement, customised therapy regimens and a safe environment for patients to practice and improve their physical abilities. The evidence from various studies indicates its potential to improve outcomes for individuals with a wide range of physical impairments.
Outcome after total knee arthroplasty with or without patellar resurfacing
Authors: Chaudhary Deepinder , Siddiqui Md Shahbaz , Rana Nipun , Nagi Onkar Nath
Published: July 2024

Background:

Anterior knee pain is one of the most important nagging factors following ‘total knee arthroplasty’. It requires adequate redressal to avoid patient dissatisfaction, undue psychological stresses and inflated costs due to readmission and reoperation.

Aims:

To assess the functional outcome prospectively in total knee arthroplasty with or without patellar resurfacing.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective randomised study involving 25 patients undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was carried out to study the outcome after TKA with patellar resurfacing (group I) and without patellar resurfacing (group II). The onlay surgical technique was used for patellar preparation, and a cemented all-polyethylene dome-shaped patellar button with three pegs was used for implantation. The Knee Society Score (KSS), Knee Functional Score (KFS) and visual analogue score were used for clinical assessment.

Results:

All outcomes were assessed after 1 year of follow-up in both the groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the group I and group II knees in the mean pain score (P < 0.001), 47.8 and 41.2, respectively, in the visual analogue score (P = 0.002), 0.76 and 1.56, respectively, and the mean KSS (P < 0.001), 90.28 and 84.16, respectively. However, there was no difference in the mean pre-operative and post-operative KFS between the two groups (P = 1.000), 45.00 (standard deviation [SD] ± 12.22) and 88.72 (SD ± 10.33), respectively. There was no statistical difference in the complication rates between the two groups.

Conclusions:

There is a significant improvement in anterior knee pain after patella resurfacing resulting in higher patient satisfaction.
What are the Impacts on Community Wellbeing of Social Relations in Conservation Projects?
Authors: Barclay Kate , Fabinyi Michael , Song Annie Young , Ota Yoshi , Vandenberg Jessica , McClean Nick
Published: July 2024

Organisations working on conservation and community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) projects with communities have sometimes damaged the wellbeing of those communities. The social and political dynamics between organisations funding or implementing projects and the communities in which they work might be a factor causing this damage. This review paper explores the literature for evidence of and methods for evaluating impacts on community wellbeing from social relations in conservation and natural resource management projects. We found 101 papers addressing social connections in the human wellbeing-conservation nexus, acknowledging the damage done by colonising project relations and detailing proposals for or examples of more equitable relationality, and also evaluations of social equity in conservation/CBNRM work. However, we found few explicit evaluations of how the social, economic, and political relations of projects impact the wellbeing of participating communities. We call on researchers to address this gap, especially those working in evaluating project outcomes. To advance this agenda, we present literature that sheds light on what more equitable project relations look like, and how project relationality might be evaluated. We finish with ideas for how organisations can diagnose internal relationality problems likely to affect project outcomes, and how to transform those.
A predictive modeling approach for Taiwanese diagnosis-related groups medical costs: A focus on laparoscopic appendectomy
Authors: Wu Jia-Min , Tung Ann-Chen , Tsou Shung-Sheng
Published: July 2024

Background:

In the Taiwanese diagnosis-related groups (Tw-DRGs) system, effective management of medical resources is vital to ensure the sustainability of hospital operations.

Objectives:

The aim is to create a predictive model to estimate the medical costs linked to a specific Tw-DRGs item, utilizing laparoscopic appendectomy without complications or comorbidities (DRG16701) as a representative case.

Methods:

We employed a dataset comprising 248 surgical cases performed at a regional teaching hospital between January 2017 and December 2019. These cases were classified based on the difference between the Tw-DRGs payment standard and actual medical costs. Two experiments were conducted: one without feature selection and one with feature selection. We utilized random forest (RF) and principal component analysis in each experiment. Each experiment applied the following four predictive models: decision tree, RF, logistic regression, and backpropagation neural network. The models were evaluated by measuring the accuracy, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results:

The RF model demonstrated satisfactory performance, achieving an accuracy and F1-score of 0.920 on the testing set, with an AUROC ranging from 0.92 to 0.95. Feature selection methods enhanced model performance, particularly for the RF model. Critical features included premeal glucose levels, age, body mass index, weight, potassium, activated partial thromboplastin time, C-reactive protein level, and height.

Conclusion:

On average, each laparoscopic appendectomy case resulted in a deficit of NTD 3173.6. Cost prediction proved feasible using routine blood test data obtained upon admission or before surgery. The RF model and feature selection emerged as the most suitable predictive model for this specific purpose.
Effect of Modified Slow Breathing Exercise on Perceived Stress and Basal Cardiovascular Parameters
Authors: Naik G. Sunil , Gaur G.S. , Pal G.K.
Published: July 2024

Context:

Different types of breathing exercises have varied effects on cardiovascular parameters and the stress levels in an individual.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a modified form of isolated alternate nostril, slow breathing exercise on perceived stress, and cardiovascular parameters in young, male volunteers.

Settings and Design:

This was a randomized control study carried out at Advanced Centre for Yoga Therapy Education and Research, Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry in 2014.

Subjects and Methods:

Hundred healthy male volunteers were randomized into control group, n = 50 and slow breathing group (study), n = 50. Slow breathing exercise training was given to study group for 30 min a day, 5 times/week for 12 weeks, under the supervision of certified yoga trainers. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) using Cohen's questionnaire, anthropometric parameters such as body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded at baseline and after 12 weeks. The control group did not receive any intervention. Slow breathing exercise training was provided for the study group. During the study period, one volunteer opted out of the study group due to personal reasons.

Results:

HR, SBP, DBP, and PSS decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the study group following 12 weeks slow breathing exercise training, while no significant change (P > 0.05) was observed in BMI and WHR. There was no significant change in the control group.

Conclusion:

Twelve weeks of modified slow breathing exercise reduced perceived stress and improved the cardiovascular parameters. The above results indicate that our modified slow breathing exercise is effective in reducing stress and improving the cardiovascular parameters.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy in Patients with Bipolar Affective Disorder
Authors: Joshi Suvarna Shirish , Sharma Mahendra Prakash , Varambally Shivarama
Published: July 2024

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on interepisodic symptoms, emotional regulation, and quality of life in patients with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) in remission. The sample for the study comprised a total of five patients with the diagnosis of BPAD in partial or complete remission. Each patient was screened to fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria and later assessed on the Beck Depressive Inventory I, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, and The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-BREF. Following preassessments, patients underwent 8–10 weeks of MBCT. A single case design with pre- and post-intervention assessment was adopted to evaluate the changes. Improvement was observed in all five cases on the outcome variables. The details of the results are discussed in the context of the available literature. Implications, limitations, and ideas for future investigations are also discussed.
Effects of Maharishi Yoga Asanas on Mood States, Happiness, and Experiences during Meditation
Authors: Gobec Sonja , Travis Frederick
Published: July 2024

Context/Background:

Many studies showed positive effects of Yoga Asanas. There is no study on Maharishi Yoga Asanas yet. This research replicated and expanded observed improvements on the profile of mood states (POMS) as a result of 2-week Maharishi Yoga Asanas course. Thirteen college students taking part in a 4-week course on Maharishi Yoga Asanas were matched with 13 students taking other courses at the university.

Aims and Objective:

The main objective of the study was to assess the effects of Maharishi Yoga Asanas on mood states, degree of happiness, and experiences in Transcendental Meditation (TM) practice.

Methods:

All students were given two psychological tests and additional question before and after their 4-week course: POMS, Meditation Depth Questionnaire, and question about the degree of happiness.

Results:

Repeated measure MANOVA showed the 4-week Maharishi Yoga Asanas course resulted in significant increase in happiness during the day and significant improvements in (1) sense of personal self, (2) transpersonal qualities, and (3) transpersonal self during their TM practice.

Conclusion:

This research shows that Maharishi Yoga Asanas affect more than body and mind. Rather they influence much deeper levels of one's subjectivity including one's transpersonal self.
Effects of Multimodal Mandala Yoga on Social and Emotional Skills for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Litchke Lyn Gorbett , Liu Ting , Castro Stephanie
Published: July 2024

Context:

Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrates impairment in the ability to socially and emotionally relate to others that can limit participation in groups, interaction with peers, and building successful life relationships.

Aims:

The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the effects of a novel multimodal Mandala yoga program on social and emotional skills for youth with ASD.

Subjects and Methods:

Five males with ASD attended 1 h yoga sessions, twice a week for 4 weeks. Multimodal Mandala yoga comprised 26 circular partner/group poses, color and tracing sheets, rhythmic chanting, yoga cards, and games. Treatment and Research Institute for ASD Social Skills Assessment (TSSA) scores were collected before and after the eight yoga sessions. The Modified Facial Mood Scale (MFMS) was used to observe mood changes before and after each yoga class. Paired sample t-tests were conducted on TSSA and MFMS scores to compare social and emotional differences post the 4-week camp. Narrative field notes were documented after each of the eight yoga sessions.

Results:

A significant improvement from pre- to post-test was found in overall TSSA (t(4) = −5.744, P = 0.005) and on respondent to initiation (t(4) = −3.726, P = 0.020), initiating interaction (t(4) = −8.5, P = 0.039), and affective understanding and perspective taking subscales (t(4) = −5.171 P = 0.007). Youth's MFMS scores increased from 80% to 100% at the end of eight yoga sessions demonstrating a pleasant or positive mood. Thematic analysis of the narrative notes identified three key factors associated with the yoga experience: (a) enhanced mood and emotional expression, (b) increased empathy toward others, and (c) improved teamwork skills.

Conclusion:

This multimodal Mandala yoga training has implication for developing positive social and emotional skills for youth with ASD.
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: Unveiling the Puzzling Discoloration
Authors: Verma Akshay Bhanu , Kori Pradeep Kumar , Jain Neeraj
Published: July 2024

Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is a rare entity first described by Barlow and Dickinson in 1978 characterized by purple discoloration of urine in long-term debilitated patients with chronic indwelling urinary catheters. This syndrome is a result of a breakdown of indole into indoxyl sulfate and further metabolic degradation into indigo by the bacteria in the urinary tract resulting in the characteristic purple hue of the urine. We describe the case of a 60-year-old male, bedridden due to traumatic paraplegia, presenting to us with lower abdominal pain and purple discoloration of urine due to Proteus mirabilis.
Evaluation of flexural strength and microhardness in Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry)-added self-cure polymethyl methacrylate dental resin: An in vitro study
Authors: Anitha K. V. , Krishnan Rajkumar
Published: July 2024

Aim:

Occurrence of denture stomatitis and prosthesis breakage are common problems faced by elderly people wearing removable dentures. To overcome this, several attempts are made to improve the denture material by addition of antimicrobials without compromising original properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate flexural strength and microhardness of self-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin after addition of Vaccinium macrocarpon (commonly called as cranberry), extract as antimicrobial, at varying proportions.

Study Setting and Design:

Experimental in vitro study.

Materials and Methods:

Frozen cranberry fruits were subjected to extraction process in the presence of aqueous solvents. Lyophilized extract was added in proportions of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 dry wt/wt % into polymer of self-cure PMMA denture base resin. Based on cranberry inclusion, the study comprised one control (0%) and four test groups (0.5%–2%) with total of 100 samples. A three-point bending test for flexural strength was done for fifty study samples (n = 10). Surface of fractured samples was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Microhardness was determined using Vickers hardness test.

Statistical Analysis Used:

One-way statistical ANOVA test was done to find the difference between groups, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple pairwise comparison.

Results:

Flexural strength ranged from 66.80 to 69.28 MPa, and a statistically insignificant difference was observed between groups (P > 0.05). SEM evaluation showed uniformly dispersed strands of cranberry extract in PMMA matrix. With higher concentration, less voids were seen. Vickers microhardness value significantly decreased from 15.96 in the control group to 14.57 with 2% cranberry addition (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Incorporation of cranberry extract into self-cure PMMA denture base resin, up to 2 dry wt %, did not decline the flexural strength. However, there was a significant decrease in Vickers microhardness values when compared against the control group (0% cranberry inclusion).
Assessment of occlusion changes during laboratory phase of relining: An in vitro study
Authors: Verma Ayush , Prasad D. Krishna , Hegde Chethan
Published: July 2024

Aim:

Assessment of occlusion changes during laboratory phase of relining is essential to evaluate the occlusal discrepancies that could get incorporated in the denture with the use of different relining materials. Since the long term stability and functional success of the denture is heavily influenced by occlusion, an In-vitro study to assess these changes after relining is warranted. The aim of the study is to evaluate the changes in occlusion during laboratory phase of relining procedure.

Settings and Design:

This is an in vitro study with a total of 30 specimen.

Materials and Methodology:

A total of 30 maxillary standardized dentures were fabricated after mounting on a semi adjustable articulator. These samples will be divided into three groups based on the relining material used (Autopolymerizing resin, Heat-cure resin, Tissue conditioner). The vertical dimension, Centric contact points and eccentric contact points were measured before and after relining.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The variables were tested to see if they had a normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Parametric distribution was seen for ECP leading to further comparison using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Non-parametric distribution was found while testing the VD, CCP leading to adoption of Kruskal-wallis test for comparison of groups. Dunn Bonferroni test was done for VD since results were significant.

Results:

The results of this in-vitro study showed statistically significant difference with respect to change in vertical dimension in all groups pre and post relining (P = 0.005). The centric contact points showed lesser variation in position when comparing the pre to the post relining phase with the use of autopolymerising resins, whereas heat cure resins and tissue conditioners showed statistically significant difference in the centric point contacts post relining. No statistically significant changes were seen in eccentric occlusion post relining in all groups. Tissue conditioners showed minimum mean changes in eccentric contacts.

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of this study, the use of autopolymerising resins depicted the most stable results with respect to occlusion, for relining of dentures.
Comparative evaluation of osseodensification drilling versus conventional drilling technique on dental implant stability: A systematic review
Authors: Banerjee Saurav , Dasgupta Dolanchanpa , Parasrampuria Nikita , Pal Dipankar , Gandhi Udey Vir
Published: July 2024

Aim:

The present systematic review compares the stability, crestal bone levels and efficacy of osseodensification (OD) drilling techniques for dental implant placement to traditional drilling methods.

Settings and Design:

The Cochrane online library, PubMed, Scopus, and other well-known online resources are used in the research. Using a systematic review design, the current study examines published qualitative studies with an emphasis on analysis.

Materials and Methods:

Using precise keywords, a thorough search of pertinent databases was carried out in accordance with PRISMA standards. Studies testing dental implant stability, crestal bone levels and clinical results using both OD and traditional procedures were covered by the inclusion criteria.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The risk of bias and quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized controlled trials.

Results:

A total of 170 patients and 334 implants from Egypt, India, and Brazil were included in eight papers that made up the systematic review. In several clinical situations, osseodensification outperformed standard drilling in terms of implant durability, bone development, and torque data. Statistical analysis presented the lowest risks, while blinded outcome assessment, allocation concealment, random sequence generation, incomplete outcome data and experimental technique revealed higher risks. Bias assessment found various risks across different components.

Conclusion:

The thorough examination of eight papers demonstrates that osseodensification is a technique with great promise in the field of dental implants. It exhibits superior torque values, bone development, and stability when compared to traditional drilling. The overall results highlight the potential of osseodensification to improve clinical outcomes and advance the science of dental implantology, even in the face of variances in bias concerns.