bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE APPLICATION OF NITROGEN‐FIXING BACTERIA IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZERS IN SUGAR BEET
Authors:   Josip Juraj Strossmayer of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, Kristek Suzana , Brkić Sandra , Jović Jurica , Stanković Andrej , Brica Marina , Karalić Krunoslav
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to examine the possibilities of reducing the mineral nitrogen fertilizers by applying the free‐living (Azotobacter chroococcum) and associative (Azospirillum brasilense) nitrifying bacteria in the sugar beet production, without a reduction in the yield and quality of the sugar beet root. Along with the vegetables, most nitrates are collected by the species of the family Chenopodiaceae, to which the sugar beet belongs. Nitrogen is one of the most vital elements in the achievement of high yields, so it is used in large quantities in fertilization. However, it is the most unstable macroelement that flushes into the deeper soil layers, and a groundwater eutrophication is caused very often. Numerous diseases are associated with the high amounts of nitrates, nitrites, and nitroso compounds, i.e., the nitrite and nitroso compounds originating from the foodstuffs having a plant origin, water, and the cured meat products. The results of the study have demonstrated that it is possible to reduce a mineral nitrogen fertilizer quantity by using the nitrogen‐fixing bacteria while even obtaining a higher quality of the studied parameters. The nitrogen‐fixing bacteria predominate in the rhizosphere, so the plants could use the amounts of nitrogen necessary in a given vegetation period, which is not the case upon a nitrogen fertilization.
THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION AND LOCATION ON THE VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF THE LJUBITOVAČKI ŠARAC GARLIC (Allium sativum L.)
Authors:   Javna ustanova za upravljanje zaštićenim dijelovima prirode na području Splitsko-dalmatinske županije „More i krš“, Prilaz braće Kaliterna 10, 21000 Split, Kažimir Zora , Dumičić Gvozden , Stipešević Bojan
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the applied fertilization on the vegetative growth and yield parameters of garlic (Allium sativum L.) during cultivation at the locations in Split and Ljubitovica. The experiment with the local Ljubitovački Šarac garlic genotype was set up from the fall to the summer of the 2012/2013 growing season. Three types of fertilization were applied: a mineral, organic, and an organomineral one. Climatic conditions, vegetative growth, and the garlic yield parameters were monitored during vegetation. A location impact was statistically significant. In Split, better results were recorded concerning the plant height (35.8 cm) and the number of leaves (7.4), while better results were obtained concerning a percentage of the extracted heads (68.3%), total yield (427.5 g), and a percentage of the marketable plants (98.5%) at the Ljubitovica locality The effect of fertilization had no statistically significant differences. The area of Ljubitovica turned out to be more suitable for growing the Ljubitovački Šarac genotype, whereas the organic fertilization has not produced a negative effect on the investigated parameters of the garlic yield, which is contributing toward a possibility of growing this genotype pursuant to the organic agriculture legislation.
Letter to a Young Scientist
Authors: Bretz Stacey Lowery
Published: December 2020

No abstract available.
CARICOM Report: Progress and Challenges of The Integration Agenda
Authors: Braithwait Samuel , Rozemberg Ricardo , De Angelis Jesica
Published: December 2020

The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) was established in 1973 as a customs union and nowadays consists of 15 member countries. CARICOM includes member and non-members of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), an economic union with free movement of people and goods, a single currency, and a common central bank. This report is the third in a series of INTAL publications on regional integration on the CaribbeanREPORT Community and covers the period 2005 to 2020. After a brief background to the CARICOM integration project and a look at the economy and international trade, this report focuses on the main issues and developments relating to the deepening of integration within CARICOM and crucial relationships with external partners. The final section concludes with an assessment of the short-term adverse impacts of the pandemic and summarizes a set of recommendations to tackle the main issues.
Dindarlık, Empati ve Sürücü Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkiler
Authors: KORKMAZ Sezai
Published: December 2020

Kişisel ve toplumsal olarak uyulması gereken kurallar olduğu gibi trafikte de belli kurallar bulunmaktadır. Sürücülere bağlı olarak trafikte olumlu ve olumsuz davranışlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Trafikte olumsuz davranışlar sonucunda can ve mal kaybı yaşandığı gibi manevi/psikolojik sorunlar da ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalara bakıldığında dindarlık ile trafik davranışları ve dindarlık ile empati arasında ilişki olduğunu ortaya koyan birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Sürücü davranışları ile dindarlık ve empati arasında da ilişkiler olduğu öngörülebilir. Dahası korelasyon ilişkilerine dayalı olarak yapılan çalışmalarda dindarlık, içsel dindarlık ve empati puanları yüksek olanların trafikte daha dikkatli ve saygılı olacağını ön kabul olarak ifade edebiliriz. Kişilerin, trafikte daha medeni, daha saygılı olmalarının ve trafik kurallarına daha fazla uymaları empatiye ve dini/ahlaki değerlere dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada dindarlık ile trafik davranışları ve empati arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Literatüre dayalı olarak şu hipotezler oluşturulmuştur: Cinsiyete göre olumlu sürücü davranışlarında ve trafikte hata ve ihlallerde farklılaşma vardır. Kaza yapma oranına göre olumlu sürücü davranışları ve trafikte hata ve ihlaller farklılaşmaktadır. Dindarlık, empatik eğilim ve olumlu sürücü davranışları arasında pozitif yönde ilişki vardır. Dindarlık ile trafikte hata ve ihlaller arasında negatif yönde ilişki vardır. Dindarlık, empatik eğilim ve olumlu sürücü davranışlarını yordamaktadır. Dindarlık ile olumlu sürücü davranışları arasındaki ilişkide empati aracı değişken görevi görmektedir.
Araştırmada metot olarak dokümantasyon yöntemi ve ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Anket verileri, Kahramanmaraş ili esas olmak üzere internet (Google dokümanlar) aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Farklı sosyal medya ve iletişim araçlarına başvurulmuştur.
Educational intervention to improve pharmacist knowledge to provide care for transgender patients
Authors: Rosa Vega Jurynelliz , Carlo Edgar , Rodríguez-Ochoa Andrés , Hernández-Agosto Jonathan , Santiago Quiñones Darlene , Cabrera-Candelaria Damián , Rodríguez-Díaz Carlos E. , Melin Kyle
Published: December 2020

Background: Most pharmacists have not received formal training or education in the provision of care for transgender patients. Nonetheless, pharmacists have the potential to be valuable partners in the care of transgender patients, and a continuing education course might be valuable in addressing this knowledge gap.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of a three-hour continuing education course in improving the knowledge of pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical care for transgender patients.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test/post-test study design was used to measure the impact of a three-hour continuing pharmacy education course on the knowledge of pharmacists on transgender care. The course was divided into three units: (1) Transgender Patient Care Introduction, (2) General Health Issues of Transgender Patients, and (3) Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy. A total of 68 pharmacists participated in the study, of which 54 completed both the pre- and post-test. An ANOVA was used to compare differences in knowledge in the group before and after the educational intervention.

Results: The majority of the participating pharmacists were cisgender, heterosexual women who had not received any formal training related to transgender care. Participants demonstrated the largest increase in execution score in the third unit, with a percent improvement of 25.22% (pre-test 45.06%, post-test 70.28%; p<0.001). The average total execution score was 52.15% in the pre-test and 72.89% (p< 0.001) in the post-test.

Conclusions: Pharmacists benefited from a three-hour continuing education course with an increase in knowledge regarding transgender patient care and hormone therapy for gender affirmation. As this study only evaluated the effect in short term memory, further studies are needed to assess long term impact of the continuing education course on transgender care knowledge.
SARS-COV2 as Trigger for Reviewing Strategic and Operational Public Administration Frameworks
Authors:   West University of Timisoara - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Timisoara, Romania, Cimas Laura-Mariana , Dumitru Cornelia ,   Romanian Academy – Institute of National Economy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2020

Administration as complex field of science, expertise, and research has accompanied economic, social, and cultural development from ancient times up to now. Public administration is the most visible component as it has multiple facets as expression of the political, legal, and managerial context inside a country. It ensures permanent direct or indirect links between government and individuals, and is relevant for several related fields like employment, education, health, and environment. The current ongoing pandemic has confronted public administrations all over the world with multiple challenges, and one of them stands out – the necessity of reviewing policymaking processes, policies, measures, and intervention frameworks of public administration to make them more flexible, responsive and fit for operating in a digitalized environment. In this respect, Romania is faced with multiple challenges regarding policymaking and public administration policies, and as regards decision-making and proper functioning at the two main levels, respectively operational and strategic. Current uncertainty needs to be addressed not just by immediate action, but also requires outlining some future directions for policymaking as regards public policies at strategic level, and improvement of skills and capacities at operational level at both national and European level. It should address main fields public administration has to deal with, from education and health, to employment and environmental issues as global crises like the SARS-COV2 pandemic or other unexpected force majeure events might change priorities and endanger certain aspects of established policies thus being both threat and opportunity for convergence and cohesion at European and national level.
Challenges for the Entrepreneurial Environment and the European Union During the Pandemic
Authors:   “Ștefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania, Harja Irina Geanina
Published: December 2020

In the last decade, it has come to the recognition and awareness that European states and the business environment have been constantly guided by the objectives set out in the strategies by the European Union. Due to the crises, that arose, the whole of contemporary society was in a constant struggle to maintain a balance between the economic, social and environmental. Thus, the trinomial of the interdependence between economic growth, resource use and environmental protection, now known as "sustainable development", creates a multitude of activities that succeed in promoting realistic strategies on how to manage the natural resource base. Currently, due to the new crisis in the European economy, a trinomial has formed between entrepreneurship - pandemic - sustainable development. The EU continues to play its role in protecting citizens and the business community by mobilizing financial resources to minimize the negative impact of the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to highlight the fact that awareness of the emergence of a new impending crisis is forcing EU states to consider the sustainable development of the entrepreneurial environment as the driving force of the late twentieth century.
The Use of Mass Media in the Social Welfare Area
Authors:   ", Breaz Alina-Maria ,   Aurel Vlaicu",   University of Arad
Published: December 2020

In the present article there is a short presentation of the historical backdrop of the social partner calling globally and in our nation. Accentuation is set on network social help and the improvement of this arrangement of social assurance in the interwar period, the socialist time frame, and after the upheaval of December 1989. The phases of the improvement of the advanced education of social help with the area of Arad after the unrest are stamped. The paper presents the cause exercises completed by understudies at the UAV Arad under the direction of their educators and the media inclusion of these activities (by press and TV). Media inclusion has prompted a superior information on the calling and an expansion in the quantity of understudies who wish to take up this calling.
Sekolah Alam di Kalsel; Latar Belakang, Ekspektasi dan Persepsi
Authors: Ramadan Willy
Published: December 2020

This study aims to identify the background, expectations and perceptions of parents sending their children to SD Alam Muhammadiyah and students in attending education at the Nature School The method in this research is qualitative with a case study approach.. Data collection techniques in this study through interviews, observation, documentation and field notes. The results of this study found that the background that influenced parents decided to send their children to SD Alam can be concluded for several reasons, namely Distrust, Past Experience, Word of Mouth Communication, External Communications, Personal Need and Institutional. While the background of school students in SD Alam is due to the reasons for the Parent Need and School Environment. The expectations of parents is that children have a strong religious foundation. Children have social intelligence, children have good morals / characters, have abilities in sports, schools can direct children to have their own unique and creative talents, supply of available books and the construction of SMP and SMA Alam. Whereas students 'expectations, namely extracurricular programs, are reproduced and students' self-development programs are more often implemented. In the aspect of parental perception is the concept of nature-based schools that are fun and interesting for children, the portion of religious education is more, the rules are more flexible than state schools, prioritizing religious values, character and creativity and do not distinguish between social status and condition of children. While the perception of children is school, teachers and subjects are fun and many extracurricular.
Mendeteksi Pemahaman Konsep Perkalian Mahasiswa Calon Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Melalui Problem Posing
Authors: Marhayati Marhayati , Huda Nuril
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the understanding of the mathematical multiplication concept of Islamic Elementary School prospective teachers. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were 33 students of Islamic Elementary Teacher Education Department at the Islamic State University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Submission of mathematics questions is the learning strategy used in the Pembelajaran Matematika course. The results of data analysis showed that there were three categories: (1) understanding the concept of multiplication (33.3%); (2) understanding the concept of pseudo multiplication (18.2%); (3) not understanding the concept of multiplication (48.5%).
Penerapan Metode Permainan Bingo untuk Meningkatkan Minat dan Prestasi Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Tematik
Authors: Masrohah Khikmatul , Wiarsih Cicih , Irawan Dedy
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan minat dan prestasi belajar peserta didik dengan menerapkan metode permainan bingo dalam pembelajaran tematik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Prosedur penelitian ini mengacu pada model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang meliputi perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Alat pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan soal tes tertulis untuk mengukur prestasi belajar peserta didik, lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan peserta didik, dan lembar angket minat belajar peserta didik. Berdasarkan penelitian, hasil minat belajar peserta didik pada siklus I diperoleh persentase 85,1% dan siklus II meningkat 3,29% dengan persentase 88,39%. Hasil prestasi belajar peserta didik siklus I memperoleh persentase 40,4% dan siklus II meningkat 36,2% dengan persentase 76,6%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode permainan bingo dapat meningkatkan minat dan prestasi belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran tematik pada tema 7 di kelas IV SDN 2 Dukuhwaluh.
A Fallacy of the World Health Organization's Mental Health Gap Action Programme and Intervention Guide: Counseling and Psychotherapy Are Also (Western) Indigenous/Traditional Healing Methods
Authors: Bedi Robinder P. , Bassi Mohit
Published: December 2020

This article will argue that, rather than being objective and universal treatment appro-aches, counseling and psychotherapy are indigenous/traditional (i.e., cultural) healing methods of the Euro-American West. Therefore, the World Health Organization's Mental Health Gap Action Programme (MHGAP), designed to provide increased access to reportedly highly effective Western mental health treatment services in many low- and middle-income countries, is likely to falter. It can be argued that culturally adapted counseling and psychotherapy will be most effective for individuals in non-Western countries who endorse or are somewhat acculturated to Western understandings and ways of living. Therefore, Western psychological interventions should not be at the forefront of the MHGAP in non-Western countries. Supportive evidence for this perspective is summarized and alternative approaches to promoting global mental health that draw on non-Western indigenous healing practices are presented.
The Online Nurtured Heart Approach to Parenting: A Randomized Study to Improve ADHD Behaviors in Children Ages 6–8
Authors: Nuño Velia Leybas , Wertheim Betsy C. , Murphy Bridget S. , Glasser Howard , Wahl Richard A. , Roe Denise J.
Published: December 2020

Objectives

To evaluate the efficacy of the Nurtured Heart Approach (NHA) to improve attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors in children.

Methods

In 2017, we conducted a trial among parents (n = 104) with children ages 6–8 years diagnosed with ADHD/at risk for a diagnosis. Participants were randomly selected, but not blinded, to the immediate (NHA) or delayed (control) group. The NHA training was held online over 6 weeks.

Results

The NHA group (−7.0 ± 8.1), but not the control group (0.2 ± 6.6), reported a decrease in inattention (p < .001). The NHA group (−7.9 ± 9.3), but not the control group (−0.5 ± 7.3), reported a decrease in hyperactivity/impulsivity (p < .001).

Conclusions

The study provides preliminary data of the NHA's potential to improve ADHD related behaviors.
The Νόσος of Declaring that Gods do not Exist in Plato’s Laws. Isolated Cases or Groups of Ἄθεοι?
Authors: Soneira Martínez Ramón
Published: December 2020

La negación de la existencia de Dios o de los dioses es un fenómeno moderno presente en diferentes lugares y contextos religiosos. En las últimas décadas, hemos podido observar como el estudio del ateísmo en la antigüedad ha crecido enormemente ampliando los límites históricos de las posiciones irreli giosas. Los trabajos sobre las ideas ateas en las sociedades pretéritas, especialmente en la Atenas clásica, han consolidado el estudio de la increencia como fenómeno histórico. El término “increencia” ha sido definido como una categoría amplia para estudiar las posiciones irreligiosas no únicamente como opuestas a la religión sino como parte del campo religioso. Esta conceptualización del término permite entender la religión y la increencia como dos fenómenos entremezclados. Estudios recientes sobre las Leyes de Platón han propuesto la existencia de grupos de ateos en la Atenas clásica. Debido al incremento en el interés del estudio del ateísmo en la sociedad ateniense, el presente trabajo propone la aplicación de los estudios teóricos sobre la “individuación” religiosa en las religiones antiguas con el fin de analizar el papel de la increencia en los procesos de individualización religiosa en Atenas durante la segunda mitad del siglo V y las primeras décadas del siglo IV a.C.
simplified protocol to determine total fluoride concentration in NaF/ silica-based toothpastes
Authors: Quiroz-Torres Jenniffer , Tabchoury Cinthia Pereira Machado , Liñán-Durán Carlos , Ricomini-Filho Antonio Pedro , Cabrera-Matta Ailin , Cury Jaime Aparecido
Published: December 2020

Aim: To determine total fluoride (TF) concentration in Na2FPO3/Ca-based toothpastes, using fluoride ion selective electrode (F-ISE) by the direct technique, it is necessary to use acid (Ac+) to hydrolyze the FPO3 2- ion and to dissolve insoluble fluoride salts bound to the abrasive. For NaF/silicabased toothpastes, the use of acid is not necessary (Ac-) and a simplified protocol could be followed. Methods: Thus, we evaluated TF concentration in seven brands of NaF/silicabased toothpastes, following the validated conventional Cury’s protocol (Ac+) or a simplification of this protocol (Ac-). Fluoride was analyzed with ISE calibrated with fluoride standard solutions prepared in the same conditions as the samples (Ac+ or Ac-). Results: The mean (±SD; n=21) of TF concentrations (μg F/g) found by Ac+ (971.3±191.2) and Ac- (982.4±201.3) protocols were not statistically different (t test, p=0.22). The TF concentrations found agree with those declared by the manufacturers, except for one toothpaste imported from China. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the determination of fluoride in NaF/silica-based toothpastes can be accurately made using a simplified protocol of analysis.
Aktivisme Politik Mahasiswa Islam Membangun Demokrasi Pasca Orde Baru
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Taufikurrahman Taufikurrahman
Published: December 2020

Praktik demokrasi di Indonesia telah menjadi suatu keharusan, bahkan telah menjelma realitas sosial dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Dinamika sosial politik yang terjadi di era reformasi 1998 telah membawa dampak besar bagi perkembangan demokrasi. Penelitian ini mencoba mengkaji aktivisme politik mahasiswa Islam dalam membangun demokrasi pasca orde baru dengan mengambil studi tentang peran intelektual yang dilakukan oleh Pengurus Besar HMI Periode 1997-1999. Penelitian ini menggunalan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan historical research, dikaji dengan teori konstruksi sosial Peter L Berger. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pada proses konstruksi pemahaman demokrasi dilakukan oleh Pengurus Besar HMI dengan melakukan diskusi, pelatihan kepemimpinan dan pembuatan jurnal. Pemahaman ini dilegitimasi yang disandarkan pada Nilai-Nilai Dasar Perjuangan HMI sesuai dengan nilai-nilai ke-Islaman dan ke-Indonesiaan. Kemudian diinternalisasikan dalam rumusan RUU Politik. Pengaruhnya terhadap dinamika demokrasi di Indonesia yakni sebagai pendukung ideologi Pancasila, membangun sistem politik yang pro-demokrasi dan pembangunan Civil Society. HMI sebagai organisasi keagamaan yang berbasis Islam mampu menerima demokrasi sebagai ajaran Islam. Penelitian ini menjadi antitesis dari kelompok-kelompok yang menolak demokrasi. HMI menerima bahkan mendorong demokrasi demi untuk kepentingan nasional. Kontribusi pemikiran dan kepemimpinan melalui keterlibatan elit-elitnya di dalam membangun demokrasi dan pergumulan penegakan demokrasi di Indonesia.
KEARIFAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT SASAK MELALUI TRADISI MELAMPAK DI KECAMATAN LINGSAR LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Mansyur Zaen Udin
Published: December 2020

The melampak tradition is one of the unique traditions practiced by the Sasak people in Lingsar District, West Lombok. Its uniqueness is evidenced by the stages of its implementation outside of the habits of other people in the ceremony of death. It is a tradition that has taken root in society which is marked by the spirit of the community in preserving it. Social sanctions in the form of ridicule, dislike, and hostility are the result of people who do not practice it. The initial stage is carried out by providing ritual tools such as potpourri, kembang rampai, dulang/andang-andang, air wangi, lekesan, beras putek, kemek, kepeng tepong, kemenyan.. Furthermore, it is carried out with a roah accompanied by the supply of goods according to the needs of the deceased during his life and then brought to the kiyai house who has been taking care of the body as a stage of the closing process. Disappearance or melampak tradition in the event of this death has been running steadily in the community because it is driven by the community's concern that this tradition will be lost, the heritage of ancestors, and education of the value of mutual cooperation. Thus, this tradition can not be claimed to develop as activities that deviate from the values ​​of sayari`ah even theologically it is still sourced from the laws of the Shariʻah al-Qur`an and al-Hadith. Then sociologically the practice activities of outbreak can encourage the spirit of community social practices such as mutual cooperation, silaturrahim, and help. While anthropologically, this tradition is the legacy of ancestors who continue to strengthen the family atmosphere in society.
A TINJAUAN KONSISTENSI AJARAN ISLAM DALAM QS. AL – BAQARAH AYAT 173 DALAM PERSOALAN VAKSIN MR
Authors: Herlina Lenny
Published: December 2020

Islam regulates all aspects of human life, including the order of life on earth in order to lead to happiness in the world and the hereafter. One of the supports for this happiness is having a healthy body, making it possible for us to worship better to God. Islam strongly emphasizes health, physically and mentally and it is the second pleasure after the Faith. Health is a human right and something that is in accordance with human nature, so all the paths that can lead to health are worth taking, as long as it does not conflict with Islamic teachings. This paper aims to show how Allah SWT has given a middle way between an obligation and a need, in order to achieve harmony between something that he forbids and then permits through clarification of science. To make it easier, in this paper I raise one of the latest health topics which is a debate over the pros and cons, namely the use of the Measles Rubella (MR) vaccine because it contains an unclean / haram element. The research method that I used was qualitative research with literature technique as one of the forms of approach to religious research, while the book I studied was the Holy Qur'an al-Baqarah verse 173, the Technical Manual and Vaccine Campaign of the MR Directorate General of P2P Ministry of Health RI, 2017 and MUI Fatwa Number: 33 of 2018 Concerning the Use of Mr (Measles Rubella) Vaccine Products From SII (Serum Institute Of India) For Immunization.
PENGARUH POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI MI YUSUF ABDUSSATAR KEDIRI DAN MI ATTARBIYAH ADDINIYAH GERSIK LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Hizam Ibnu , Hamdi Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Orang tua merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam dunia pendidikan. Oleh sebab itu, sekolah harus menjalin kerjasama yang baik dengan orang tua masing-masing siswa sehingga terwujud cita-cita bersama yakni mencetak generasi yang berdaya saing, baik di bidang akademik maupun non akademik. Orang tua juga harus cerdas dan cermat dalam mengamati pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak agar dapat menentukan sikap pengasuhan yang terbaik buat anaknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif korelasi Lambda, Kendall’s Tau_b, Spearman Rho,dan deskriptif mean dan standar deviasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik angket, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi.  Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mendapat temuan bahwa pola asuh orang tua berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar dengan angka korelasi Lambda 0.020<0.05, sedangkan dengan hasil belajar tidak signifikan yaitu 0.490>0.05. kemudian untuk motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar juga signifikan dengan angka korelasi Kendall’s Tau-b 0.290>0.05 dan korelasi Spearman Rho 0.303>0.05. Sedangkan untuk tipe pola asuh yang paling baik yaitu pola asuh authoritative dengan rata-rata nilai motivasi 3.16 dan nilai hasil belajar 3.64. kemudian pola asuh indulgent dengan nilai rata-rata motivasi 2.95 dan hasil belajar 3.55. selanjutnya authoritarian dengan nilai rata-rata motivasi 2.79 dan hasil belajar 3.50. selanjutnya neglectful dengan nilai rata-rata motivasi 2.00 dan hasil belajar 3.20. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pola asuh orang tua berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar dan tidak signifikan pada hasil belajar. Hasil belajar signifikan karena dipengaruhi oleh motivasi belajar. Dan pola asuh terbaik untuk diterapkan kepada anak adalah pola asuh authoritative.
Shaping the future of healthcare: building back better
Authors: Galvin Michael C
Published: December 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has not only highlighted societal inequalities but also shown how a resilient health service is essential for protecting citizens. The NHS was founded in 1948 to provide universal healthcare but has been under sustained attack for the past thirty years. As a seven-year-old patient with osteomyelitis, the NHS almost certainly saved my life. Seventy years later I reflect on the humanising and civilising aspects of the NHS, the need for doctors to be advocates and custodians, as well as clinicians working in the best interests of their individual patients; and the requirement for the medical profession to understand the social determinants of ill health and how these can be ameliorated. The reward for engaging in this struggle: a healthier world in the widest sense and greater satisfaction for all those working in the prevention and treatment of ill health.
Emergency use authorisation of Covid-19 vaccines:An ethical conundrum
Authors: Vashishtha Vipin M , Kumar Puneet
Published: December 2020

Large-scale vaccination with a safe and effective vaccine against Covid-19 is the only way to conquer the ongoing lethal pandemic that has led to extraordinary social and economic upheaval globally. Fortunately, the world is on the verge of developing Covid-19 vaccines in an unprecedentedly short time. More than forty vaccines are in different stages of clinical trials, and a few are in the crucial phase III studies stage. A new demand for emergency use authorisation and rapid deployment of these vaccines before scrutinising phase III trial data is raging in different quarters. Can advancement of the deployment of these vaccines by even a few weeks give us rich public health dividends? Would it be ethical to deploy these novel vaccines based only on the safety and immunogenicity data generated by the phase-I and II clinical trials? Would it be ethical to deny vaccination of vulnerable populations against an untreatable infectious disease despite the availability of reasonably safe and efficacious vaccines for the want of phase III trial data? The answer is not straightforward, as there are many complexities involved. This commentary attempts to discuss some ethical issues involved in a decision to deploy Covid-19 vaccination before phase III trial results are declared.
A New Epoch in the Development of Russian-African Cooperation
Authors: Volkov S.
Published: December 2020

The article contains an analysis of the current state of trade and economic relations between Russia and African countries, as well as the prospects for their development after the first Russia-Africa Summit and the Economic Forum in Sochi in October 2019. The author notes a large surplus in Russia’s trade with Africa and explains the reasons for the dominance of the countries of North Africa, and especially Egypt, in its geographical structure. The main product groups are listed, through which Russia can increase exports to Africa; Russia’s main competitors in trade with the continent as well as state support measures for exporters are described. However, the main contribution to the development of Russian-African economic ties in the future will be made not by foreign trade, but by economic cooperation. Its flagships are now three major projects worth more than $1 billion each, all of which are carried out in Egypt. Among Russian companies investing in the economies of African countries, mining ones are currently dominant. Of these, Rosneft made the biggest investments. This company develops the largest gas field in Egypt – Zohr, and implements projects also in Mozambique. Exploration, finance and the IT technology sector are also of particular interest to Russian companies in Africa. The author indicates the most promising areas for the development of Russian- African industrial cooperation and the transfer of Russian technologies to this continent. In addition, in recent years, Russia and African countries have increasingly regarded security as an important area of bilateral relations. The article reveals the main threats to the security of African countries, the ability of Russian companies to strengthen it and Russia’s contribution to UN peacekeeping operations in Africa, in comparison with contributions of the other permanent members of the Security Council. It describes a number of measures that can contribute to the development of Russian-African partnership in the context of the Sochi consensus.
Vishegrad Four and Development of European Integration
Authors: Basov F.
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the position of the Visegrad countries (Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia) on the further development of European integration. Particular attention is paid to such important EU projects as the Defense Union, the Energy Union and the European Green Deal. The article also analyzes the stand of the Visegrad states on migration issues, institutional problems of European integration, energy security. Prestige and status remain important factors for the foreign and European policy of the Visegrad countries. For this reason, the latter are supporters of an intergovernmental and confederal approach to European integration, preservation of national competencies. In the vision of the further development of European integration, the positions of the mainstream and V4 have come closer. The Visegrad states do not want to leave the EU and are not ready to go to a tough confrontation with Brussels. The V4 countries that are not part of the Eurozone are planning to join it. They also support the main and most ambitious projects of European integration mentioned above, although they have their own special priorities in these projects. Visegrad is a sub-region with its own characteristics in the perception of European integration. These characteristics consist in conservatism, pragmatism, agrarianism, an anti-migrant mood. In this, some neighboring countries are similar to the Visegrad Four – Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia. This circumstance suggests that in the future it will be possible to speak about the informal group “V4+”.
Atatürk Dönemi Tarım Alanında Devletçilik Uygulamaları ve Antalya
Authors: KAŞTAN Yüksel
Published: December 2020

Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemi ve Milli Mücadele Dönemi savaşlar nedeniyle geçmiştir. Savaşlarda hem kaybedilen topraklar hem de kaybedilen insan gücü tarım faaliyetlerini de etkilemiş ve devletin önemli gelir kayıplarına neden olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti tarım alanında yurt dışına öğrenci göndermiş, yurt dışından yurtdışından uzmanlar getirmiş, makine getirmiş, okullar açmış ve bu şekilde tarım faaliyetlerini artırmayı amaçlamıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Atatürk Dönemi’nde de tarım alanında bu amaçlar aynen takip edilmiştir. Ancak halkın daha fazla toprağı işleyip fazla ürün alabilmesi için bir takım bilimsel ve yasal düzenlemeler yapmış, tarım alanında okulları yeniden düzenlemiş, halkın yapamayacağı konularda numune çiftlikleri, tohum ıslah istasyonları, deneme tarlaları, tarım ürünlerini işleyecek fabrikalar, Kamu İktisadi Teşekküller kurmuştur. Böylece Atatürk Dönemi’nde devlet tarım alanında önemli kuruluşlar ile tarım alanında bilgilendirmiş, yaptığı ıslah çalışmaları, ürettiği tohumlar, üretme teknikleri ve makineli tarım şekli ile halkı bilgilendirmiş ve halka örnek olmuştur.Bu çalışmada Atatürk Dönemi’nde tarım alanında devletçilik uygulamaları ve Antalya’da bu devletçilik uygulama örnekleri araştırılmıştır. Araştırma doküman analizi şeklinde yapılmış, elde edilen veriler analiz edilerek metin oluşturulmuştur.
Dietary Calcium Intake in a Cohort of Individuals Evaluated for Low Bone Mineral Density: a Multicenter Italian Study
Authors: Cairoli Elisa , Aresta Carmen , Giovanelli Luca , Eller Cristina , Migliaccio Silvia , Giannini Sandro , Giusti Andrea , Marcocci Claudio , Gonnelli Stefano , Isaia Giancarlo , Rossini Maurizio , Chiodini Iacopo , Di Stefano Marco
Published: December 2020

A low calcium intake is associated with an increased fracture risk. We assessed the dietary calcium intake in a cohort of Italian individuals evaluated for low bone mineral density (BMD). A 7-day food-frequency questionnaire was administered to 1793 individuals consecutively referred at a Centre of the Italian Society for Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism and Skeletal Diseases for low BMD. In 30.3% (544/1793) and 20.9% (374/1793) of subjects the calcium intake was inadequate ( <700 mg/day) and adequate (>1200 mg/day), respectively. Patients with calcium intake <700 mg/day showed a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, idiopathic hypercalciuria and food allergy/intolerance (8.1%, 5.1%, 7.2%, respectively) than patients with calcium intake >700 mg/day (5.3%, 3.0%, 4.1%, respectively, p<0.04 for all comparisons), also after adjusting for age, gender and BMI. In 30.3% of fractured subjects the calcium intake was <700 mg/day. In Italy, a low calcium intake is highly prevalent in individuals at risk for low BMD. Importantly, an inadequate calcium intake is highly prevalent even in patients with history of fragility fractures. Only about a fifth of patients at risk for low BMD reported an adequate calcium intake
IGFBP2 is a Potential Master-Regulator Driving Dysregulated Gene Network Responsible for Short Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: KP Manasa , Wlochowitz Darius , Wingender Edgar , Beißbarth Tim , KEL ALEXANDER
Published: December 2020

Only two percent of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients respond to standard care and survive beyond 36 months (long-term survivors, LTS) while the majority survives less than 12 months (short-term survivors, STS). To understand the mechanism leading to poor survival, we analyzed publicly available datasets of 113 STS and 58 LTS. This analysis revealed 198 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that co-occur with aggressive tumor growth and may be responsible for the poor prognosis. These genes belong largely to the GO-categories “epithelial to mesenchymal transition” and “response to hypoxia”. In this paper we applied upstream analysis approach which involves state-of-art promoter analysis and network analysis of the dysregulated genes potentially responsible for short survival in GBM. Transcription factors associated with GBM pathology like NANOG, NF-κB, REST, FRA-1, PPARG and seven others were found enriched in regulatory regions of the dysregulated genes. Based on network analysis, we propose novel gene regulatory network regulated by five master regulators – IGFBP2, VEGFA, VEGF165, PDGFA, AEBP1 and OSMR which can potentially act as therapeutic targets for enhancing GBM prognosis. Critical analysis of this gene regulatory network gives insights on mechanism of gene regulation by IGFBP2 via several transcription factors including the key molecule of GBM tumor invasiveness and progression FRA-1. All the observations are validated in independent cohorts and their impact on overall is studied on TCGA-GBM RNA seq data.
Schools Closures during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Catastrophic Global Situation
Authors: Buonsenso Danilo , Roland Damian , De Rose Cristina , Vásquez-Hoyos Pablo , Ramly Bazlin , Nandipa Chakakala-Chaziya Jessica , Munro Alasdair , González-Dambrauskas Sebastián
Published: December 2020

School closures (SC) were adopted globally as a COVID-19 disease pandemic containment strategy. This extreme measure provoked a disruption of the educational system involving hundreds of million children worldwide. The return of children to school has been variable and is still an unresolved and contentious issue. Importantly the process has not been directly correlated to the severity of the pandemic s impact and has fueled the widening of disparities, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable populations. Available evidence shows SC added little benefit to COVID-19 control whereas the harms related to SC severely affected children and adolescents. This unresolved issue has put children and young people at high risk of social, economic and health-related harm for years to come, triggering severe consequences during their lifespan. In this article we describe the process of SC and the reopening timetable across the globe. We highlight the data regarding the international state of educational systems around the world, putting emphasis on the rights of children to come back to school.
Construction Waste Audit in the Framework of Sustainable Waste Management in Construction Projects - Case Study
Authors: Spišáková Marcela , Mésároš Peter , Mandičák Tomáš
Published: December 2020

The issue of sustainability has long been the subject of interest of the architecture engineering and construction sector. All three aspects of sustainability - economic, environmental and social - can be affected through appropriate construction waste management. Construction and demolition waste (CDW) is one of the largest worldwide waste streams, therefore it is given great attention by all stakeholders (investors, contractors, authorities, etc.). Researches have shown that one of the main barriers to insufficiency CDW recovery is inadequate policies and legal frameworks to manage CDW. It is also one of the EU's environmental priorities. Aim of the article is to confirm the economic potential of construction and demolition waste audit processing through case study. A pre-demolition waste audit has been processed for unused building of shopping center in the town Snina in Slovakia. Subsequently, a comparison of economic parameters (waste disposal costs and transport costs) of recommended CDW management was performed. This comparison confirmed the economic benefits of environmentally friendly construction waste management methods according to the waste audit results, which will also increase the sustainability of construction projects. In addition, the cost parameters of selected waste disposal methods could be another dimension of building information modelling.
Halogen-Induced Controllable Cyclizations as Diverse Heterocycle Synthetic Strategy
Authors: China Hideyasu , Kumar Ravi , Kikushima Kotaro , Dohi Toshifumi
Published: December 2020

In organic synthesis, due to their high electrophilicity and leaving group properties, halogens play pivotal roles in the activation and structural derivations of organic compounds. Recently, cyclizations induced by halogen groups that allow the production of diverse targets and the structural reorganization of organic molecules have attracted significant attention from synthetic chemists. Electrophilic halogen atoms activate unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbon moieties via the generation of halonium intermediates, followed by the attack of carbon-, nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulfur-containing nucleophiles to give highly functionalized carbo- and heterocycles. Interestingly, new transformations of halogenated organic molecules that can control the formation and stereoselectivity of the products according to the difference in the size and number of halogen atoms have recently been discovered. These unique cyclizations may possibly be used as efficient synthetic strategies with future advances. In this review, innovative reactions controlled by halogen groups are discussed as a new concept in the field of organic synthesis.
The Systems Biology Simulation Core Library
Authors: Panchiwala Hemil , Shah Shalin , Planatscher Hannes , Zakharchuk Mykola , König Matthias , Dräger Andreas
Published: December 2020

Summary: Studying biological systems generally relies on computational modeling and simulation, e.g., for model-driven discovery and hypothesis testing. Progress in standardization efforts led to the development of interrelated file formats to exchange and reuse models in systems biology, such as SBML, the Simulation Experiment Description Markup Language (SED-ML), or the Open Modeling EXchange format (OMEX). Conducting simulation experiments based on these formats requires efficient and reusable implementations to make them accessible to the broader scientific community and to ensure the reproducibility of the results. The Systems Biology Simulation Core Library (SBSCL) provides interpreters and solvers for these standards as a versatile open-source API in Java™. The library simulates even complex bio-models and supports deterministic Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs); Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs); constraint-based analyses; recent SBML and SED-ML versions; exchange of results, and visualization of in silico experiments; open modeling exchange formats (COMBINE archives); hierarchically structured models; and compatibility with standard testing systems, including the Systems Biology Test Suite and published models from the BioModels and BiGG databases. Availability and implementation: SBSCL is freely available at https://draeger-lab.github.io/SBSCL/.
Defining the Rhizobium Leguminosarum Species Complex
Authors: Young J. Peter W. , Moeskjær Sara , Afonin Alexey , Rahi Praveen , Maluk Marta , James Euan K. , Cavassim Maria Izabel A. , Rashid M. Harun-or , Aserse Aregu Amsalu , Perry Benjamin J. , Wang En Tao , Velázquez Encarna , Andronov Evgeny E. , Tampakaki Anastasia , Flores Félix José David , Rivas González Raúl , Youseif Sameh H. , Lepetit Marc , Boivin Stéphane , Jorrin Beatriz , Kenicer Gregory J. , Peix Álvaro , Hynes Michael F. , Ramírez-Bahena Martha Helena , Gulati Arvind , Tian Chang-Fu
Published: December 2020

Bacteria currently included in Rhizobium leguminosarum are too diverse to be considered a single species, so we can refer to this as a species complex (the Rlc). We have found 429 publicly available genome sequences that fall within the Rlc and these show that the Rlc is a distinct entity, well separated from other species in the genus. Its sister taxon is R. anhuiense. We constructed a phylogeny based on concatenated sequences of 120 universal (core) genes, and calculated pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) between all genomes. From these analyses, we concluded that the Rlc includes 18 distinct genospecies, plus 7 unique strains that are not placed in these genospecies. Each genospecies is separated by a distinct gap in ANI values, usually at around 96% ANI, implying that it is a 'natural' unit. Five of the genospecies include the type strains of named species: R. laguerreae, R. sophorae, R. ruizarguesonis, "R. indicum" and R. leguminosarum itself. The 16S ribosomal RNA sequence is remarkably diverse within the Rlc, but does not distinguish the genospecies. Partial sequences of housekeeping genes, which have frequently been used to characterise isolate collections, can mostly be assigned unambiguously to a genospecies, but alleles within a genospecies do not always form a clade, so single genes are not a reliable guide to the true phylogeny of the strains. We conclude that access to a large number of genome sequences is a powerful tool for characterising the diversity of bacteria, and that taxonomic conclusions should be based on all available genome sequences, not just those of type strains.