bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of metamizole and paracetamol effects on colonic anastomosis and fibroblast activities in Wistar rats
Authors: Purnomo Eko , Nugrahaningsih Dwi Aris Agung , Agustriani Nunik , Gunadi .
Published: October 2019

Background: Leakage following colorectal anastomosis surgery causes various complications associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in pediatric patients. It might be caused by the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as postoperative analgesics. We aimed to compare the effect of metamizole and paracetamol on colonic anastomosis and fibroblast activities, including proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis, in Wistar rats. Methods: We divided rats into control, paracetamol and metamizole groups. Colonic anastomosis was evaluated by determining the integrity of the muscle layers, formation of granulation tissue, and mucosal anastomosis. Fibroblast activities were analyzed by measuring the proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis. Results: Metamizole caused more damage to muscle layer integrity, more inhibition of granulation tissue formation in the anastomosis area and lower mucosal anastomosis compared with paracetamol and control groups. Metamizole has a higher cytotoxic effect than paracetamol, which suppress the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. Furthermore, both drugs did not affect the synthesis of collagen. Conclusion: Metamizole shows worse effects on integrity of muscle layers, inhibition of granulation tissue formation, mucosal anastomosis, fibroblast proliferation and migration, but not collagen synthesis, than paracetamol in Wistar rat intestines following colonic anastomosis. These findings might indicate that paracetamol is safer than metamizole as analgesic following colonic anastomosis. Keywords : colonic anastomosis; metamizole; paracetamol; fibroblast activities; Wistar rat
Intratumoral reciprocal expression of monocarboxylate transporter 4 and glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Yorita Kenji , Ohno Akinobu , Nishida Takahiro , Kondo Kazuhiro , Ohtomo Toshihiko , Kataoka Hiroaki
Published: October 2019

Objective: We previously reported the identification of monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and glypican-3 (GPC3) as prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which are now considered significant poor prognostic factors for the disease. This study aimed to clarify the detailed interaction of these two factors in HCC t o improve our understanding of aggressive HCC phenotype s. A total of 225 Japanese patients with HCC from our previous study were subjected to immunohistochemical analyses. Results: The number of MCT4-positive (MCT4+) HCC cases was 47 (21%), and most MCT4+ HCC showed high GPC3 expression (94%, 44/47 cases). In 44 MCT4+/GPC3+ HCC cases, intratumoral heterogeneity of GPC3 or MCT4 expression was further evaluated. We observed reciprocal (inverse), synergistic, mixed reciprocal and synergistic, or irrelevant interaction of MCT4 and GPC3 expression in 29 (66%), 5 (11%), 1 (2%), and 9 cases (21%), respectively. The cases exhibiting reciprocal expression of both markers tended to have cirrhosis without a history of neoadjuvant therapy. In summary, although MCT4+ HCC cases are mostly GPC3+, intratumoral expression patterns of MCT4 and GPC3 are frequently reciprocal each other, suggesting that dual targeting of MCT4 and GPC3 may achieve a better antitumor effect for MCT4+ HCC cases.
MetaCNV - a consensus approach to infer accurate copy numbers from low coverage data
Authors: Friedrich Stefanie , Barbulescu Remus , Helleday Thomas , Sonnhammer Erik LL
Published: October 2019

Background : The majority of copy number callers requires high read coverage data that is often achieved with elevated material input, which increases the heterogeneity of tissue samples. However, to gain insights into smaller areas within a tissue sample, e.g a cancerous area in a heterogeneous tissue sample, less material is used for sequencing, which results in lower read coverage. Therefore, more focus needs to be put on copy number calling that is sensitive enough for low coverage data. Results : We present MetaCNV, a copy number caller that infers reliable copy numbers for human genomes with a consensus approach. MetaCNV specializes in low coverage data, but also performs well on normal and high coverage data. MetaCNV integrates the results of multiple copy number callers and infers absolute and unbiased copy numbers for the entire genome. MetaCNV is based on a meta-model that bypasses the weaknesses of current calling models while combining the strengths of existing approaches. Here we apply MetaCNV based on ReadDepth, SVDetect, and CNVnator to five datasets in order to demonstrate how the approach improves copy number calling. Conclusions : MetaCNV, available at https://bitbucket.org/sonnhammergroup/metacnv , provides accurate copy number prediction on low coverage data and performs well on high coverage data.
Blood signatures for second stage Human African Trypanosomiasis: A transcriptomic approach.
Authors: Mulindwa Julius , Matovu Enock , Enyaru John , Clayton Christine
Published: October 2019

Background
Rhodesiense sleeping sickness is caused by infection with T. b rhodesiense parasites resulting in an acute disease that is fatal if not treated in time. The global impact of active T. b rhodesiense infection on the patient’s immune response in the early and late stages of the disease is not known.

Results
We previously described the transcriptomes of T. b rhodesiense from infected early stage blood (n=3) and late stage CSF (n=3) samples from Eastern Uganda. We here identify human transcripts that were differentially expressed (padj < 0.05) in the early stage blood versus healthy controls (n=3) and early stage blood versus late stage CSF. Differential expression in infected blood showed an enrichment of innate immune response genes whereas that of the CSF showed enrichment for anti-inflammatory and neuro-degeneration signalling pathways. We also identified genes (C1QC, MARCO, IGHD3-10) that were up-regulated (log 2 FC > 2.5) in both the blood and CSF.

Conclusion
The data yields insights into the host’s response to T. b rhodesiense parasites in the blood and central nervous system. We identified key pathways and signalling molecules for the predominant innate immune response in the early stage infection; and anti-inflammatory and neuro-degeneration pathways associated with sleep disorders in second stage infection. We further identified potential blood biomarkers that can be used for diagnosis of late stage disease without the need for lumbar puncture.
The effects of age, cigarette smoking, sex and race on the qualitative characteristics of lung transcriptome
Authors: Guan Qingzhou , Zhang Juan , Guo You , Xia Jie , Zhang Jiahui , Xie Jiajing , Cai Hao , Yan Haidan , Wang Xianlong , Guo Zheng
Published: October 2019

Background: Methods based on within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) comparisons have been proposed for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the individual level and for detecting disease-associated genes based on one-phenotype disease data by reusing data of normal samples from other sources. However, the common potential confounding factors, including age, cigarette smoking, sex and race whether could affect the REOs of gene pairs is still unclear. Methods: For one confounding factor, based on the numbers of related gene pairs or DEGs, we evaluated the effect of this confounding factor on the REOs of gene pairs within normal lung tissues transcriptome.
Results: Our results showed that age has little effect on REOs within lung tissues. We found that about 0.23% of the significantly stable REOs of gene pairs in non-smokers’ lung tissues are reversed in smokers’ lung tissues, introduced by 344 DEGs between the two groups of samples (RankCompV2, FDR < 0.05), which are enriched in metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, glutathione metabolism and other pathways (hypergeometric test, FDR < 0.05). Comparison between the normal lung tissue samples of males and females revealed fewer reversal REOs introduced by 24 DEGs between the sex groups, among which 19 DEGs are located on sex chromosomes and 5 DEGs involving in spermatogenesis and regulation of oocyte are located on autosomes. Between the normal lung tissue samples of white and black people, we identified 22 DEGs (RankCompV2, FDR < 0.05) which introduced a few reversal REOs between the two races.
Conclusions: In summary, the REO-based study should take into account the confounding factors of cigarette smoking, sex and race.
Asthma in children treated with paracetamol versus ibuprofen: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Sherbash Mohamed , Furuya-Kanamori Luis , Nader Joanne Daghfal , Thalib Lukman
Published: October 2019

Background:
Paracetamol and ibuprofen are the most commonly used medications for fever and pain management in children. While the efficacy appears similar with both drugs, there are contradictory findings related to adverse events. In particular, incidence of asthma among children taking paracetamol compared to ibuprofen, remain unsettled.
Methods:
We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared asthma in children taking paracetamol versus ibuprofen. A comprehensive search was conducted in five databases. RCTs reporting on cases of asthma in infants or children after the administration of paracetamol or ibuprofen were included. The pooled effect size was estimated using the inverse variance heterogeneity model.
Results:
Five RCTs with 85095 children were included in the analysis. The pooled estimate (RR 1.04; 95%CI 0.84-1.29) revealed no difference in the risk of developing asthma or presenting an exacerbation of asthma in children who received paracetamol compared to ibuprofen. When the analysis was restricted to RCTs that examined the incidence of asthma, the pooled estimate remained similar (RR 1.03; 95%CI 0.64-1.67). Additional bias adjusted quality effect sensitivity model yielded similar results (RR 1.03; 95%CI 0.84-1.28).
Conclusion:
Ibuprofen and paracetamol have similar tolerance and safety profiles in terms of incidence of asthma in children.
Comparison Of Clinical Characteristics Between Two Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Children Cohorts Followed Up From A Single Tertiary Center At Different Time Intervals
Authors: Erdem Ela , Gokdemir Yasemin , Atag Emine , Ikizoglu Nilay Bas , Ergenekon Pinar , Yilmaz Cansu Yegit , Kut Arif , Ersu Refika , Karakoc Fazilet , Karadag Bulent
Published: October 2019

Background
The diagnosis of non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis is increasing in both developed and nondeveloped countries in recent years. Although the main features are similar, etiologies seem to change. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of non-CF bronchiectasis patients and to compare these data with our previous cohort in 2001.
Methods
104 children with non-CF bronchiectasis being followed-up between 2002 and 2019 were enrolled. Age of diagnosis, underlying etiology and distribution of microorganisms in sputum culture were recorded. Clinical outcomes were evaluated in terms of lung function tests and annual pulmonary exacerbation rates at presentation and within the last 12 months of the follow-up.
Results
Mean FEV1 and FVC % of predicted at presentation were improved compared with previous study (76.6±17.1 vs. 63.3±22.1 and 76.6±15.1 vs. 67.3±23.1, respectively; p<0.001). There was a significant decrase in pulmonary exacerbation rate from 6.05±2.88 at presentation to 3.23±2.08 during follow-up (p<0.0001). In 80.8% of patients, an underlying etiology was identified. There was an increase in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) (32.7% vs. 6.3%;p:0.001), decrease in idiopathic cases (19.2% vs. 37.8%;p: 0.03) with no change in postinfectious and immunodeficiencies. Sputum cultures were positive in 77.9% of patients which was 46.9% in the previous study (p=0.001).
Conclusion
Baseline pulmonary function tests were better and distribution of underlying etiology had changed with a remarkable increase in diagnosis of PCD. Recent advances in diagnosis also makes it easier to evaluate the patients in a better way, still awaiting for international consensus and guidelines on non-CF bronchiectasis in children.
Clinical Results of Intraductal Meibomian Gland Probing Combined with Intense Pulsed Light in Treating Patients with Refractory Obstructive Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Huang Xiaodan , Qin Qiyu , Wang Linping , Zheng Jiao , Lin Lin , Jin Xiuming
Published: October 2019

Background: This study aims to optimize the therapeutic regimen for refractory obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (o-MGD) patients by combining intraductal meibomian gland probing (MGP) and intense pulsed light (IPL) to enhance their positive effects and reduce their limitations. Methods: This randomized, assessor blind study includes 45 patients (90 eyes) with refractory o-MGD who were divided into 3 groups via allocation concealment: IPL (group I, received an IPL treatment course: 3 times at 3-week intervals), MGP (group II, received MGP one time), and combined MGP-IPL (group III, MGP first followed by an IPL treatment course). Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness score (SPEED), tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), meibum grade, and lid margin finding results were assessed at baseline, 3 weeks after final treatment for groups I and III, 3 and 12 weeks after MGP for group II. Six months after final treatment, the SPEED and willingness to receive any treatment again were also collected for all groups. Paired Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U with Bonferroni correction, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis. Results: For all 3 groups, all previously mentioned indexes improved significantly following treatment (P＜0.01). MGP-IPL was better than IPL and MGP in terms of post-treatment SPEED, TBUT, meibum grade, and lid telangiectasia (P＜0.05/3). Furthermore, the MGP-IPL was better than IPL in terms of lid tenderness and better than MGP in terms of orifice abnormality (P＜ 0.05/3). Six months later, the SPEED for the MGP-IPL was also significantly lower than other groups (P＜0.05/3). Moreover, no patients in the MGP-IPL group expressed the need to be treated again compared to 35.7% or 20% of patients in the IPL or MGP groups, respectively. Conclusions: Compared with IPL or MGP alone, the combination MGP-IPL produced best results in relieving all signs and symptoms and helping patients attain long-lasting symptom relief. Trial registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov, ChiCTR1900021273 (retrospectively registered February 9, 2019).
Structural and functional insights into the Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ATP-binding cassette transporter gene family
Authors: Adedipe Folukemi , Grubbs Nathaniel , Coates Brad , Wiegmman Brian , Lorenzen Marce
Published: October 2019

Background

The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera , is a pervasive pest of cultivated maize in North America and Europe, which has adapted to survive exposure to multiple insecticidal agents. Due to their role in insecticide transport, we sought to identify members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family in D. v. virgifera using a transcriptomics approach.Results

In this study, 65 putative D. v. virgifera ABC ( Dvv ABC) transporters were identified within a combined transcriptome assembly generated from embryonic, larval, adult male, and adult female RNA-sequence libraries. Phylogenetic analysis placed the deduced amino-acid sequences of the Dvv ABC transporters into eight subfamilies (A to H). Of these, eight shared structural and functional conservation with Tribolium castaneum ABC transporter orthologs known to exhibit overt RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown phenotypes. Interestingly, depletion of DvvABCB_19147 and DvvABCG_3712 transcripts in adult females produced detrimental reproductive and developmental phenotypes (egg-laying or -hatching defects), demonstrating the potential of these genes as targets for RNAi-mediated insect control tactics.Conclusions

By combining sequence data from four libraries covering three distinct life stages, we have produced a relatively comprehensive de novo transcriptome assembly for D. v. virgifera . Moreover, we have identified 65 members of the ABC transporter family, and provided the first insights into the developmental and physiological roles of ABC transporters in this pest species.
The Effect of An Educational Program for Pregnant Women to Prevent Allergic Diseases In Infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ito Rie , Nezu Yoko , Ishiguro Nao , Nakade Masato , Ishitsuka Yukiko , Naru Eiji
Published: October 2019

Background Allergic diseases in infants have dramatically increased in developed countries during the past few decades. To date, extensive research has been done on risk factors for allergies in infancy, and preventive measures against it. However, the effect of the primary approach to preventing infants' allergy still remains limited. The aim of this trial is to evaluate whether prenatal education interventions, including the latest public research results on allergic diseases, prevent the infant allergies onset. Methods/Design We designed a randomized, controlled, two-arm (standard prenatal education vs our education), parallel-group, assessor-blind, trial. A sample of 120 pregnant women will be recruited at Chiba Aiyukai Kinen hospital and allocation is by computer-generated randomization. Pregnant women in the intervention arm participate in the childbirth education program established by the specialist and a pediatric allergy educator. The program was developed based on evidences supporting interventions on primary prevention, which are suggested to be beneficial to infant’s allergies in recent studies. The primary objective of the study is to determine whether it is possible to establish effective behaviors for allergy prevention during early infancy in pregnant women who participate in an educational program developed by pediatric allergy specialists. Four months after birth, their behaviors will be compared against those of pregnant women who did not participate in the program. Discussion Allergies are common in many individuals worldwide, and can be present from babyhood through the person’s lifetime. One of the strong points of this study is that it will provide pregnant women with accumulated information on preventive knowledge against allergy that can be effective in some cases, and women can apply a combination of these behavior before and after pregnancy. The results of our program will be publicized to help change the behaviors of mothers, and if the program is effective for preventing allergies in infants, it will be disclosed worldwide as a new preventive measure for allergy in infants.
Using Colchicine to Create Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima × Euphorbia cornastra) Mutants with Various Morphological Traits
Authors: Pan I-Chun , Lu Ya-Fen , Wen Pei-Jung , Chen Yen-Ming
Published: October 2019

Commercially available novel cultivars of poinsettia, obtained through interspecific hybridization, were subject to colchicine-based mutagenesis to recover their fertility, enabling subsequent breeding. Mutagenic treatment was conducted at different concentrations of colchicine with either lanolin or cotton serving as the matrix. The results indicated that 1 day was the optimal duration of colchicine treatment and that suitable colchicine concentration varied by cultivar. Moreover, one-time treatment gave higher rates of both polyploidy and morphological mutant production than two-times treatment. Specifically, the poinsettia cultivars Dulce Rosa (5 mg·g−1 colchicine with lanolin; 10 mg·mL−1 colchicine with cotton) and Princettia-Hot Pink (15 mg·g−1 colchicine with lanolin; 10 mg·mL−1 colchicine with cotton) yielded relatively high polyploidy production efficiency and morphological mutation rate. Consequently, a total of three polyploidy mutants of ‘Dulce Rosa’ and 19 polyploidy mutants of ‘Princettia-Hot Pink’ were obtained. Both cultivars had mutants with recovered fertility, with pollen germination rate of up to 27.5%. Moreover, unexpected non-polyploidy mutants with various morphological trait variations were also obtained.
Highbush Blueberry Cultivars Differ in the Relationship between Seed Number and Berry Weight during the Harvest Season
Authors: Strik Bernadine C. , Vance Amanda J.
Published: October 2019

The relationship between individual berry weight and viable seed number of small- (<15 mm), medium- (15–19 mm), and large-diameter (>19 mm) berries was studied over 2 years in nine cultivars (Aurora, Bluecrop, Bluegold, Draper, Duke, Liberty, Legacy, Ozarkblue, and Reka) through their harvest seasons. Plants were grown with two different preplant amendment-mulch treatments, but this treatment had no effect on the variables measured, so data were pooled. The highest average seeds/berry was in ‘Bluecrop’ (55.5) and ‘Duke’ (50.0) and the lowest in ‘Bluegold’ (17.1), ‘Aurora’ (22.5), and ‘Liberty’ (23.5). Average berry weight over the fruiting season ranged from 1.79 and 1.80 g for ‘Liberty’ and ‘Reka’, respectively, to 2.30 and 2.44 g in ‘Ozarkblue’ and ‘Draper’, respectively. The average number of seeds/berry was higher in 2010 than in 2009 for all cultivars, ranging from 14% higher in ‘Reka’ to 96% higher in ‘Liberty’. The flowering period was earlier in 2010 than in 2009, but bloom was concentrated in 2009 (28 days) compared with 2010 (45 days), likely affecting pollinator success. In general, seeds/berry and berry weight declined through the harvest season. Some cultivars had a considerable difference in the number of seeds in large-sized than in small-sized berries (e.g., 89%, 107%, 108%, and 147% more seeds in ‘Aurora’, ‘Reka’, ‘Bluegold’, and ‘Liberty’, respectively), whereas others had relatively little difference (14% and 36% in ‘Draper’ and ‘Bluecrop’, respectively). There was a linear relationship between berry weight and viable seeds/berry. Cultivars did not differ in the berry weight per seed (slope of the line) between the 2 years, except for ‘Draper’ (only significant in 2009), ‘Legacy’, and ‘Reka’. ‘Bluegold’ had the greatest berry weight per seed and ‘Reka’ the lowest. The weakest relationship between berry weight and seed number was in ‘Draper’. Cultivars that produced parthenocarpic fruit of marketable size were ‘Aurora’, ‘Bluegold’, and ‘Liberty’. ‘Duke’, ‘Legacy’, ‘Reka’, and ‘Ozarkblue’ produced commercially acceptable fruit (0.75–1.0 g) with fewer than 7 seeds/berry. By contrast, some cultivars required a relatively large number of seeds to produce a berry including ‘Bluecrop’ (28–40 seeds), ‘Draper’ (15–23 seeds), and ‘Legacy’ in 2010 (20 seeds). The number of seeds per berry accounted for as much as 87% of the variability in berry weight indicating the importance of good pollination and seed set for berry weight and yield in these cultivars.
Leaf Tissue Nutrient Sufficiency Ranges of Four Heuchera Cultivars by Chronological Age
Authors: Owen W. Garrett
Published: October 2019

Coral bells (Heuchera sp.) are popular herbaceous perennials grown for their colorful foliage and venation and their aesthetic appeal in mixed containers and landscapes. Commercial coral bell production requires greenhouse or nursery growers to optimize production inputs such as managing mineral nutrition, thereby maximizing plant growth potential and foliage color. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum fertilizer concentrations, identify leaf tissue nutrient sufficiency ranges by chronological age, and to expand leaf tissue nutrient standards of coral bells grown in soilless substrates during container production. Coral bells (H. hybrida ‘Black Beauty’, ‘Cherry Cola’, ‘Marmalade’, and ‘Peppermint Spice’), varying in leaf color, were grown under one of six constant liquid fertilizer concentrations [50, 75, 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg·L−1 nitrogen (N)] with a constant level of water-soluble micronutrient blend in a greenhouse. Fertilizer concentrations for optimal plant growth and development were determined by analyzing plant height, diameter, growth index, and total dry mass, and were found to be 50 to 75 mg·L−1 N after a nine-week crop cycle. Recently mature leaf tissue samples were collected and analyzed for elemental content of 11 nutrients at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after transplant (WAT) from plants fertilized with 50 to 75 mg·L−1 N. The black- (‘Black Beauty’) and red- (‘Cherry Cola’) colored-leaved cultivars contained higher total N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) than the orange- (‘Marmalade’) and green- (‘Peppermint Spice’) colored-leaved cultivars. For instance, in mature growth, total N concentration for ‘Black Beauty’ and ‘Cherry Cola’ ranged between 3.45 to 3.63% and 3.92% to 4.18% N, respectively, whereas for ‘Marmalade’ and ‘Peppermint Spice’, ranges were between 2.98% to 3.25% and 2.78% to 3.23% N, respectively. Optimal leaf tissue concentration sufficiency ranges determined in this scientifically based study were narrower and often times higher than previously reported survey values for coral bells.
On four-point connectivities in the critical 2d Potts model
Authors: Picco Marco , Ribault Sylvain , Santachiara Raoul
Published: October 2019

We perform Monte-Carlo computations of four-point cluster
connectivities in the critical 2d Potts model, for numbers of states
Q\in (0,4)Q∈(0,4)
that are not necessarily integer. We compare these connectivities to
four-point functions in a CFT that interpolates between D-series minimal
models. We find that 3 combinations of the 4 independent connectivities
agree with CFT four-point functions, down to the
22
to 44
significant digits of our Monte-Carlo computations. However, we argue
that the agreement is exact only in the special cases
Q=0, 3, 4Q=0,3,4.
We conjecture that the Potts model can be analytically continued to a
double cover of the half-plane \{\Re c <13\}{ℜc<13},
where cc
is the central charge of the Virasoro symmetry algebra.
Feminist Distopyada İktidar, Baskı Ve Direniş: Damızlık Kızın Öyküsü
Authors: Pak Merve Deniz
Published: October 2019

Kadınların baskı ve tahakküm ilişkilerine direnişi edebi
eserlere konu olmaktadır. Bu kapsamda dünya çapında ses getiren Damızlık Kızın
Öyküsü isimli eser, doğurgan kadınların özgürlüklerini yok sayarak cinsiyete
dayalı sosyal kast sistemi içerisinde iktidar ilişkilerini ve direniş
mekanizmalarını distopik bir kurguyla anlatmaktadır. Gilead adı verilen aşırı
muhafazakâr rejimde kadınların üzerindeki baskı ve korkuyu gözler önüne seren
bu eser, feminist perspektifte tahakküm ilişkisinin baskı altına alınan sosyal
çevre üzerindeki etkisini, baskıya direnememelerini ve baskıcı rejimin yeniden
üretim biçimini işlemektedir. Bu yapı Neil Thompson’ın güç analizi bakış açısı,
Michel Foucault’un biyo-iktidar ve disiplin toplumu düşüncesi ve Paul
Freire’nin baskı karşısında bireylerin tepkileri ile direniş mekanizmaları
açısından değerlendirilebilir. Tüm bunlardan hareketle, bu çalışmada kadınların
özgürleşme hareketi; totaliter bir rejimindeki iktidar, baskı ve korku yapıları
ve bunlara karşı geliştirilen direniş mekanizmaları açısından incelenmiştir.
Acquisition of Passives: A Semantico-Pragmatic Approach
Authors: Karakaş Sercan
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a general review of literature in
terms of acquisition of passives as well as providing new theoretical insights
considering the semantics and pragmatics of passives, which are thought to be
the underlying reasons of difficulty. There is a disagreement in the literature
as to whether passive structures are difficult and if so, what may be the
underlying causes of this difficulty. Based on the arguments presented in the
literature, the syntactic hypothesis (Wexler 2004) and the incremental
processing hypothesis (Trueswell and Gleitman 2004) stand out. Wexler’s
syntactic hypothesis is that children regard all vP’s and CP’s as strong
phases, which makes non-grammatical passives for them, which is the source of
the difficulty. In the meantime, in both cases (syntax or incremental
processing), frequency plays a major role in boosting the acquisition process
by either making children be faster at reassigning thematic roles, which is the
source of difficulty according to incremental processing hypothesis, or making
children be aware of the fact that vPs are not strong phases, thereby making
passives grammatical, so that children can use them. Finally, in this study, a
theoretical analysis based on semantic and pragmatical perspectives is
presented to explain why passive structures are difficult to acquire in some
languages because the studies on passive structures in the literature neglect
the meaning component. In this study, the introspective semantics model (Von
Fintel and Heim 2011) was used to provide a new theoretical perspective on the
acquisition of passive structures.
Targeting Bacterial Antioxidant Systems for Antibiotics Development
Authors: Ren Xiaoyuan , Zou Lili , Holmgren Arne
Published: October 2019

:

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has become an urgent issue in modern medicine which requires novel strategies to develop antibiotics. Recent studies have supported the hypothesis that antibiotic-induced bacterial cell death is mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The hypothesis also highlighted the importance of antioxidant systems, the defense mechanism which contributes to antibiotic resistance. Thioredoxin and glutathione systems are the two major thiol-dependent systems which not only provide antioxidant capacity but also participate in various biological events in bacteria, such as DNA synthesis and protein folding. The biological importance makes them promising targets for novel antibiotics development. Based on the idea, ebselen and auranofin, two bacterial thioredoxin reductase inhibitors, have been found to inhibit the growth of bacteria lacking the GSH efficiently. A recent study combining ebselen and silver exhibited a strong synergistic effect against Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria which possess both thioredoxin and glutathione systems. These drug-repurposing studies are promising for quick clinical usage due to their well-known profile.
A Preliminary Study for Quantitative Assessment with HFUS (High- Frequency Ultrasound) of Nodular Skin Melanoma Breslow Thickness in Adults Before Surgery: Interdisciplinary Team Experience
Authors: Reginelli Alfonso , Belfiore Maria P. , Russo Anna , Turriziani Fabrizio , Moscarella Elvira , Troiani Teresa , Brancaccio Gabriella , Ronchi Andrea , Giunta Emilio , Sica Antonello , Iovino Francesco , Ciardiello Fortunato , Franco Renato , Argenziano Giuseppe , Grassi Roberto , Cappabianca Salvatore
Published: October 2019

Background:

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most severe skin diseases. Nodular melanoma is the second melanoma subtype in order of frequency. The prognosis of skin melanoma depends on the vertical growth of the tumor (Breslow index). For this measurement, excisional biopsy is strongly recommended. This is, however, an invasive procedure and may cause damage to the lymphatic drainage system. The HFUS system, , can be extremely useful for determining tumor thickness in the preoperative phase, given its high resolution capacity. The aim of this preliminary study is to define the role of HFUS for the nodular skin melanoma Breslow thickness in adults before surgery by making a comparison with histological features.

Methods:

In this study, 14 melanocytic lesions (8 male and 6 female) were evaluated with dermatoscopic clinical features strongly indicative of nodular melanoma. Out of these, excisional biopsy of 7 lesions was requested. The ultrasounds were performed preoperatively. The images were acquired through the first ultrasound scanner with ultra-high frequency probes (range from 50MHz to 70 MHz) available on the market under the EEC mark (Vevo "MD, FUJIFILM Visual Sonics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) equipped with a linear probe of 50-70 MHz.

Results:

From the ultrasonographic analysis of 14 nodular melanoma thickness was determined for the presence of two hyperechogenic laminae, separated by a hypo / anechoic space. The twelve lesions were in situ while the other two lesions showed ultrasonography for example; the satellite lesions (less than two centimeters from the primary lesion) and in transit (localizable to more than two centimeters from the primary lesion). Four of these lesions were ulcerated. A comparsion was made the 7 lesions on between the thickness calculated with this method, and that obtained on the bioptic piece. The presence of a positive concordance has been evident in all of the cases.

Conclusions:

If further studies are needed to support its widespread clinical use, its is believed that, in expert hands and with an interdisciplinary team, HFUS is already capable to reliably calculate a Breslow index in a large majority of patients with cutaneous melanoma.
Withdrawal Notice: Electrochemically Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green With CuNPs Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Singaravelan Ramakrishnan , Krishnan Nirmala
Published: October 2019

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the author from the journal "Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-
Asia (NNA)".

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A INTERVENÇÃO DO CONGRESSO NACIONAL NA AUTONOMIA DAS AGÊNCIAS REGULADORAS
Authors: Salinas Natasha Schmitt Caccia
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como o poder legislativo tem buscado, por meio de sua atividade legislativa, intervir na autonomia dos órgãos reguladores. Parte-se, neste artigo, da hipótese de que o poder legislativo, insatisfeito com o arranjo institucional vigente, age estrategicamente para afastar as agências reguladoras da ingerência do poder executivo. O artigo desenvolve um estudo qualitativo de leis e especialmente proposições legislativas de iniciativa parlamentar que buscam afetar diretamente a autonomia das agências reguladoras. As leis e proposições legislativas analisadas neste artigo foram divididas em categorias que representam diferentes formas de intervenção na autonomia das agências. Para responder ao problema proposto, o artigo subdivide-se em duas partes. Na primeira, apresenta-se uma breve revisão teórica sobre controle legislativo da administração pública. As estratégias de controle político que afetam diretamente aautonomia das agências reguladoras são analisadas em abstrato. Na segunda parte, analisa-se a produção legislativa do Congresso Nacional sobre autonomia regulatória. Pretende-se, com este estudo, qualificar o debate sobre autonomia das agências reguladoras no Brasil. Ver-se-á que a autonomia das agências reguladoras é um conceito em disputa, sensível às transformações nas relações entre poder legislativo, poder executivo e agências reguladoras.
O PAPEL DAS COMPLEMENTARIDADES E HIERARQUIAS NO PROCESSO DE MUDANÇA INSTITUCIONAL: O CONTROLE EXTERNO E A ASSIMILAÇÃO DAS REFORMAS DOS ANOS 1990
Authors: Brunet Emiliano Rodrigues
Published: October 2019

As instituições exercem um papel fundamental na configuração e operação de um modelo de desenvolvimento econômico. No Brasil, desde os anos 1930 até os dias atuais, o dirigismo do Poder Executivo e a sua ampla margem de discricionariedade política constituem um traço marcante na estruturação e operação do ambiente institucional correlato ao desenvolvimento. As reformas dos anos 1990, enquanto tentativa de reconfigurar um modelo de desenvolvimento por meio da intervenção no ambiente institucional, reproduzem esta característica marcante. Todavia, a capacidade política de reformular um modelo de desenvolvimento sofre uma série de condicionantes. Acreditamos que, no âmbito dessa discussão, o exame do papel desempenhado pelas instituições de controle em um contexto de reformas pode ajudar a melhorar nossa compreensão dos mecanismos de mudança institucional. Que papel uma instituição relevante de controle externo, como o Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU), teria jogado no processo de endogeneização de novas instituições trazidas com a agenda reformista? No enfrentamento de tais questões, tomaremos como objeto de exame empírico algumas das respostas do TCU – seja no plano de sua reorganização administrativa, seja no exercício de sua atividade-fim – a determinadas reformas do ambiente institucional entre a segunda metade da década de 1990 e o início dos anos 2000. Avaliamos em que medida o caso examinado apresenta as características de um processo de síntese, no contexto do qual se revela a influência que complementaridades e hierarquias podem exercer na assimilação de reformas no arcabouço institucional.
LEGAL PLURALISM IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND
Authors: Birch Dominic
Published: October 2019

This article argues that early modern England should be considered as a legally pluralistic society. Historians have long recognised the fact of early modern legal pluralism, however few use this term and discussion of what this might mean is absent from the historiography. This article seeks to integrate the theory behind legal pluralism with the study of early modern England. Furthermore, this article argues that bringing the early modern into the study of legal pluralism adds historical depth to the concept, and allows legal pluralists to consider a pluralism that was state-endorsed, rather than oppositional to the state.
WORKING ACROSS BORDERS: THE LIMITS OF LABOUR LAW FOR LOW-WAGE TEMPORARY MIGRANT WORKERS
Authors: Joyce Arwen
Published: October 2019

A temporary migrant worker programme (TMWP) is a collection of laws, regulations and policies through which a receiving state regulates the entry, stay and treatment of low-wage temporary migrant workers. Workers in such programmes are generally undertaking ‘temporary migration projects’, that is, they are working abroad for a finite period of time in order to improve their status and welfare at home. The availability of low-cost labour generally entrenches demand for such workers in the receiving state’s labour market and therefore the receiving state has an interest in continuing to attract them. In order to do so, workers must be able to successfully complete their temporary migration projects. However, TMWP policies often create opportunities for exploitation and disempowerment related to low-wage temporary migrant workers’ precarious residence status, weak financial position and dependence on their employers, that jeopardise the normative defensibility and sustainability of such programmes. This paper argues that conventional labour law remedies are not sufficient to enable workers to successfully complete their temporary migration projects. The underlying purpose of labour law and the limitations of its application to this group of workers is considered along with the sources of their vulnerability in order to assess appropriate policy reforms. This paper concludes that in order to make TMWPs more sustainable and normatively justifiable, receiving states should address the root causes of low-wage temporary migrant workers’ vulnerability when formulating TMWP laws and policies.
“WAGGING THE DOG”: FEIGNING CRISIS IN U.S. ANTI-MIGRATION NARRATIVES TO CREATE CRISIS
Authors: Duffy Maureen
Published: October 2019

Anti-migration narratives are sweeping around the world, often accompanied by support for racist ideologies. The narratives usually involve some false claim that those seeking to enter the country are presumptively dangerous. Such narratives are obviously not new, but they are arguably being presented in evolving ways and having evolving, and deeply troubling, practical and legal effects. In the U.S., migrants being held in horrific “camp” conditions represent just the latest in a series of anti-migrant measures, each arguably worse than the last. This phenomenon is not limited to the U.S., but that example provides a strong vehicle for demonstrating this larger transnational trend. This article argues that harmful anti-migrant narratives are having significant, adverse effects on human rights and foundational legal norms.
HORIZONTALIDADE ESTATAL E NEODISCRICIONARIEDADE ADMINISTRATIVA: REDEFINIÇÕES DA PARAMETRICIDADE DA ADVOCACIA PÚBLICA NA SINDICABILIDADE DEMOCRÁTICA
Authors: Araújo Luis Cláudio Martins de
Published: October 2019

O direito administrativo passa nos dias atuais por uma profunda mutação em suas bases teóricas e dogmáticas. Com a evolução do Estado de direito para o Estado democrático de direito e a superação de tradicionais paradigmas, o moderno direito administrativo precisa dispor de uma metodologia não mais formalista, próprio das concepções positivistas. Neste cenário, a ideia de horizontalidade estatal, em um modelo de administração concertada, pelo qual a administração pública, em princípio, abdica à imposição de seu próprio critério de forma imperativa e unilateral e se esforça para encontrar um ponto de equilíbrio adequado entre os interesses públicos que deve perseguir e os interesses particulares das pessoas física e jurídicas, deve ser a tônica da atuação estatal. Ademais, o fenômeno da desjudicialização ou extrajudicialização do direito, caracterizado pelo deslocamento de competências do Poder Judiciário para órgãos extrajudiciais, vem se desenvolvendo em diversas searas. Dentro desta perspectiva de maior democratização do Estado de Direito, deve-se realizar a atividade institucional da Advocacia Pública seja do ponto de vista jurídico-político, seja no desempenho de suas funções e competências, por meio de mecanismos que, ao propiciarem diálogos entre as partes envolvidas em controvérsia, tentam buscar maior segurança jurídica e estabilidade institucional.
O PAPEL DA ADVOCACIA PÚBLICA NO DEVER DE COERÊNCIA NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Carvalho Rezende
Published: October 2019

O artigo aborda o papel da advocacia pública na efetivação do dever de coerência da Administração Pública. O Estado Pós-moderno, fortemente marcado pela complexidade, pluralidade e incerteza, acarreta para o gestor público o desfaio de reduzir a insegurança jurídica e dispensar tratamento isonômico aos administrados. A efetividade do princípio da segurança jurídica e da garantia de coerência estatal depende da melhoria da gestão pública, mas, também, da organização e da autonomia da advocacia pública. Destacada no texto constitucional como função essencial à Justiça, a advocacia pública é responsável pelo controle interno e defesa da juridicidade dos atos estatais, garantindo aos administrados uma gestão pública dentro dos parâmetros fixados no ordenamento jurídico. A atuação coerente e isonômica da Administração Pública, evitando a edição de atos contraditórios e o tratamento desigual entre pessoas inseridas em contextos semelhantes, depende, em larga medida, da atuação do advogado público que, por essa razão, deve ter assegurada a sua independência funcional. No exercício de sua missão institucional, a advocacia pública deve zelar pela coerência administrativa, o que revela a necessidade de emissão de pareceres e outras formas de manifestação jurídica, inclusive na esfera judicial, que garantam o respeito aos precedentes judiciais e administrativos.
EXPLORING LEGAL BORDERLANDS: INTRODUCING THE THEME
Authors: Fortes Pedro Rubim Borges , Kampourakis Ioannis
Published: October 2019

The theme Exploring Legal Borderlands has been used as an inspiration for contemporary research at the Centre for Socio-Legal Studies (CSLS) at the University of Oxford since 2015, when Naomi Creutzfeldt and Petra Mahy organised a stream at the Socio-Legal Studies Association (SLSA) Conference at the University of Warwick. Importantly, this research agenda remains relevant and a series of papers have been presented at the subsequent annual SLSA conferences in Lancaster (2016), Newcastle (2017), Bristol (2018), and more recently in Leeds (2019). In the last five years, various scholars presented their innovative interdisciplinary research at this stream and it remained organized by junior scholars affiliated with CSLS and the University of Oxford. However, the definition of legal borderlands was not provided in a clear statement. Legal borderlands, as understood in this issue, are about this ambiguity inherent in a world of multiple normative orders. The following issue’s originality consists in the conceptual exploration of the idea of legal borderlands. In an increasingly interconnected world of diverse and often conflicting normative orders, such research is particularly relevant. As far as it concerns this article, in addition to this introduction, Section II briefly examines the legal boundaries and the dichotomy between (il)legality and a-legality. Section III focuses on normative pluralism and the development of juridical orders. Section IV discusses global regulation as an expansion of legal borderlands. Section V brings concluding remarks and summarizes the articles that follow.
PROGRAMAÇÃO ORÇAMENTÁRIA NAS MENSAGENS PRESIDENCIAIS: A EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NO PERÍODO DE 2004 A 2016
Authors: Oliveira Luciana Formiga R. V. de , Haas Celia Maria
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa a relação entre a Mensagem Presidencial relativa ao Planos Plurianuais (PPA) e a programação dos recursos resultantes do investimento público federal em programas e ações destinados a este nível de ensino nas Mensagens Presidenciais, no que se refere ao financiamento da Educação Superior Brasileira, cotejando o prometido e o programado em seus anexos com o conteúdo referentes ao período de 2004 a 2016. Extraiu-se da mensagem presidencial o conteúdo relacionado à temática em estudo, e os dados relativos à programação orçamentária foram obtidos no portal do Ministério do Planejamento. A análise considerou os compromissos políticos, as prioridades e procedimentos expressos na Mensagem Presidencial e concretizados na definição orçamentária de cada Plano. Constatou-se que as Mensagens Presidenciais têm caráter de definições políticas que não são, necessariamente, concretizadas em previsões orçamentárias definidas no respectivo PPA. Identificou-se ainda que a relação entre o que foi prometido e o que foi programado vem evoluindo desde o primeiro PPA do período (2004 a 2007) até o último (2016 a 2019).