bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СОЦІАЛЬНІ МЕДІА: АКАДЕМІЧНА ДОБРОЧЕСНІСТЬ У СИСТЕМІ НАУКОВОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Petrushka A.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to monitor Facebook's information space on the presentation of content on academic integrity and publishing ethics as a tool to prevent the use of dishonest practices in the system of dissemination of scientific content.

Research methodology. The basis of the research methodology are methods of non-continuous statistical observation and content analysis. With the help of non-continuous statistical observation, statistical data on posting was formed within the official Facebook pages of academic communities. Through content analysis of selected official Facebook pages of academic communities for the period, January 2020 - July 2021, a qualitative assessment of the topic of posting was made. The content on academic integrity and features of its presentation were identified. The additional apparatus of the research methodology consists of grouping, stratification, descriptive method, and visualization method.

Results. An array of data has been formed to determine the general indicators of posting in official Facebook pages of academic communities. Through stratification, three levels of posting of academic communities were identified by the total number of posts and posting frequency. A qualitative assessment of the topics of posting on academic communities' social platforms was conducted, and content on academic integrity was identified. The general quantitative indicators of posting on academic integrity and the general levels of targeting of posts on the presentation of the content of different types are determined.

The novelty of the obtained results of the research is the presentation of social media of academic communities as a tool for presenting targeted content on academic integrity and prevention of the use of dishonest practices.

Practical meaning. The obtained results can serve as a basis for updating the content of social media of academic communities, developing a posting strategy for diversification of targeted content, and expanding the reach of the target audience.

Key words: social media, Facebook, academic integrity, academic community, posting.
ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ПРОСУВАННЯ ІНТЕРНЕТ-ЗМІ (РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ ПРАКТИКИ)
Authors: Baranetska A. , Kramarenko I.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to identify modern trends in the promotion of Internet media (on the example of regional media).

Research methodology. The methods of analysis and synthesis were used for studying the theoretical and methodological base on the promotion of Internet periodicals. In the research comprehension of modern ways for promoting online media was made with the help of such methods as reception and generalization. To cover the promotion of Internet periodicals, descriptive method was used. This article suggests the results of conducted survey that has become a source of empirical information in identifying dominant instruments for content promotion in regional Internet media.

Results. The article shows the phenomenon of promotion as a marketing factor in improving the functional efficiency of Internet media and also the research comprehensively describes the trends of applying variety of promotion tools. The main positions of regional media specialists in the application of various methods of promoting an information product are reproduced. It was revealed that the dominant trends in the promotion of regional (Zaporizhzhya) online media are news aggregators Ukrnet , Google News and social networks. The advantages and disadvantages of using certain tools in positioning online publications are revealed. The basic directions of active presence visibility of the   online media in the information market are formulated. Potential threats to reduce the number of visitors to the online media site have been revealed. New ways of attracting the audience's attention are indicated: new formats of text presentation, use of multimedia, creation of interactive forms of interaction with readers, hypertext, attraction of other electronic resources.

The scientific novelty of obtained results is to identify the most up-to-date and often used ways of promoting regional information product and to generalize dominant trends in their use.

Practical meaning. The given study can be useful to people in media in the process of planning and implementing media and content promotion.

Key words: media promotion, Internet media, SEO-optimization, mass media, social networks, search engine optimization, news aggregators.
СОЦІАЛЬНІ МЕРЕЖІ ЯК КАТАЛІЗАТОРИ ДЕМОКРАТИЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У СУСПІЛЬСТВІ
Authors: Ivanytska B. , Balabanova K.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to conduct a detailed scientific and practical substantiation of the features of social networks as catalysts for democratic processes in society due to modern conditions in the framework of globalization processes.

Research methodology. The study used general scientific (generalization, comparison, induction and deduction) and empirical-theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis). The use of system-structural and statistical analysis made it possible to differentiate the main ratings of social network platforms, the number of social network users for the period 2012–2022 and the penetration of social networks by region in January 2022. Based on the survey, it was determined which social network citizens of Ukraine use to receive news.

Results. It is determined that social networks are becoming a global phenomenon of communication and are developing independently and in an extremely dynamic environment of new innovative technologies. It is established that social networks are a segment of communication and socialization, which influences the formation of new social structures. It is determined that social networks are part of the public discourse, which allows to directly and publicly respond to political processes in society, which opens the possibility of political influence. The analysis found that the use of social networks is far from evenly distributed around the world, and the total number of social network users around the world has almost doubled from 1.48 billion in 2012 to 4.62 billion in 2022.

Novelty. The scientific novelty of the results obtained in the article is due to the solution of an important scientific problem, which is to develop theoretical principles and practical recommendations for analyzing the features of social networks as catalysts for democratic processes in society. The article further develops the study on the main indicators of the spread of social networks in the global and national dimensions.

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the study of the scientific field of «Social Communications». The results can be directed to further research of social networks as catalysts of democratic processes in society.

Key words: social networks, catalysts, democratic processes, society.
ВПЛИВ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖ НА ДИНАМІКУ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО КОНФЛІКТУ
Authors: Vdovichena O. , Rodinova N. , Tishko L.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to reflect the theoretical aspects of the formation of social conflicts in social networks and show the practical aspects of the implementation of social conflicts in Ukraine.

Research methodology. In the process of preparing the study used methods of critical analysis, systematization, generalization of information.

Results. The article is devoted to the study of social conflicts that arise in social networks on the example of Ukraine. The relevance of the study is due to the growing social conflicts in social networks caused by external challenges, including the pandemic and the escalation of the conflict between Ukraine and Russia. The article identifies the causes of social conflicts in social networks, which include feelings of impunity, ideological unemployment, insufficient literacy, addictive properties of social networks and individualization of information influences. Three methods of aggravation of social conflicts are considered, which include network attacks, use of volunteer users, total blocking. Practical bases of realization of social conflicts in the context of political confrontations, positions concerning vaccination from COVID-19, modern military threats which Ukraine faced are shown.

The scientific novelty of the study is to identify key causes, goals and directions of social conflicts, as well as exacerbated by the lack of modern scientific literature that studies the emergence, deployment and de-escalation of social conflicts in social networks.

The practical significance of the study lies in the use of data in the process of building a system of national information security, as well as methods of combating social conflicts that are exacerbated in social networks. The article will have not only scientific significance, but also social significance, which will allow the population to rethink their own behavior in social networks and to form measures for their own information security.

Key words: social conflicts, social networks, Facebook, information war, COVID-19, elections.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ КОГНІТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У МАСМЕДІА
Authors: Kotliar S. , Krasnenko O.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the work. This article aims to predict and substantiate the possible consequences of the active use of cognitive technologies in the media, social networking platforms, etc. for the economy and society.

Research methodology. The leading method in this study is systems analysis, which can be used to decompose cognitive technologies in the media into elements. Also, in the process of writing this article were used such research methods as: the method of logical analysis, comparative method, methods of synthesis and deduction, the method of classification.

Results. The article presents the results of the analysis. The application of cognitive technologies in the field of mass media has greatly expanded the opportunities for development in this area. The use of modern information technology in the media allows less effort to increase the loyalty of its target audience, expand their market presence through new placement platforms and social networks, provide customer support and some accompanying and supporting functions for media workers through software, significantly reduce the cost of operating the company by automating it, and perform many other tasks. The results are presented in the form of lists, figures and tables.

Novelty. For the first time the main advantages and risks of development of modern mass media for society and economy in the context of cognitive technologies are systematized in the work.

Practical significance. The materials of the article are of practical value for teachers and students of the faculties of mass media, specialties related to media management, information technology.

Key words: artificial intelligence, mass media, data management, social networks, news.
ЖАНР СПОРТИВНОГО РЕПОРТАЖУ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Zaitseva I.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the work is to study the theoretical aspects of the genre features of reporting in the Ukrainian sports press.

Research methodology. The basis of the study is informational, axiological, culturological, systemic, activity approaches. The following research methods were used in the work : analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and the generalization method generalization – to determine the main genre features of a sports report.

Results. It was determined that sports journalism is a relatively new informational activity, it creates additional conditions for the development and promotion of sports literature, unites athletes and fans, informs, educates and entertains. The sports press is one of the auxiliary factors in the popularization of sports among the population. The rapid growth in the role of sport in the life of society leads to an increase in the need for organized and targeted information about this socio-cultural phenomenon. The article examines the theoretical aspects of the genre features of reporting in the Ukrainian sports press. It is emphasized that sports journalists traditionally resort to reporting as a genre most suitable not only for promptly displaying sports events, but also for visualizing their key moments, because it allows them to convey the dynamics and height of sports events, to convey to fans the emotions and excitement of competition participants, tell about all their twists and turns. It was found that precisely due to the most characteristic feature of reporting – the effect of presence – the author of the message transports the reader to the venue of the competition, where he becomes a witness of what is not possible to see for himself, represents what is happening, and empathizes with the journalist.

Novelty. The main features of sports reporting, which distinguish it from other journalistic genres, have been determined: visibility – the creation of a figurative picture by means of a substantive description of details; guidance of details, reproduction of actions and replicas of actors; maximum documentary – a reportage cannot be a reconstruction of an event or a creative fiction; an emotionally charged style of storytelling, which gives the information additional credibility; the active role of the personality of the reporter, allowing not only to see the event through the eyes of a journalist, but also provoking the independent work of the reader’s imagination.

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in practical media activities and in the process of studying professionally oriented courses of the specialty «Journalism».

Key words: sports journalism, sports press, sports reportage.
Anatomical and functional responses to single brolucizumab injection in neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients not responding to antiangiogenics: a case series
Authors: Zuccarini Silvio , Puce Fabrizio , Crisà Alessandro
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs. However, resistance to anti-VEGF therapy is observed in some patients. Brolucizumab is a new-generation anti-VEGF drug for the treatment of nAMD, with proven efficacy in fluid resolution and long-lasting effects.
Methods: We report here a case series of nAMD patients not responding to previous anti-VEGF therapy showing anatomical and functional response to a single intravitreal injection of brolucizumab.
Results: Nine patients with nAMD, undergoing treatment with anti-VEGF therapy (aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab) but with either fluid persistence or frequent fluid recurrences in retinal compartments, were switched to intravitreal brolucizumab and examined 4 weeks postinjection. No signs of active disease were observed in all but one patient, with complete retinal fluid resolution in seven patients. Central macular thickness and visual acuity significantly improved, and changes were sustained for up to 12 weeks in a subset of three patients. No adverse reactions were observed.
Conclusions: This new anti-VEGF drug showed great efficacy since the first week from the injection with a significative reduction of subretinal fluid and rapid improvement of visual acuity. In conclusion, brolucizumab administered intravitreally appears to be an effective treatment in nAMD patients, leading to both early anatomical and functional improvements.
Incidence and factors associated with adverse drug reactions in a cohort of individuals starting dolutegravir or efavirenz
Authors: Mendes Jullye Campos , Braga Maria das Graças , Reis Adriano Max Moreira , Silveira Micheline Rosa
Published: March 2022

Prospective cohort of people living with HIV who started combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with regimens containing efavirenz (EFV) or dolutegravir (DTG) in three specialized HIV/AIDS care services in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, with the objective of analyzing incidence, time to development and factors associated with the first adverse drug reaction (ADR). Data were collected from September 2015 to October 2018 through face-to-face interviews, clinical records, and information systems. The ADR-associated factors were evaluated with Cox regression and the time to the first ADR with Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Among the 433 individuals included, 217 (50.1%) had ADR in 12 months of follow-up. Among the 695 registered ADRs, 604 (86.9%) occurred in individuals using the EFV-based regimen, and gastrointestinal, psychiatric, and nervous system disorders were the most frequent. The mean time to develop the first ADR was 210.6 days (95% CI: 195.5-225.8). The concomitant use of other medications was associated with a higher risk of ADR (HR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.38-2.89). The use of alcohol (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49-0.85) and the DTG-based regimen (HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.28-0.58) were factors associated with a lower risk of ADRs. We conclude that the DTG-based regimen had a better safety profile than the EFV-based regimen at 12 months of follow-up. Clinical and behavioral characteristics were associated with higher ADR risks and should be monitored when managing the treatment of HIV.
Toxidade da hidroxiueria no tratamento da anemia falciforme
Authors: Marçal Pedro Henrique Ferreira , Paula Claudia Costa da Silva , Silva Carlos Alberto , Trindade Zeina Calek Graize , Lima Marlucy Rodrigues , Peçanha Michel , Menezes Claudine de , Brandão Marileny Boechat Frauches , Silva Leonardo Oliveira Leão e , Rodrigues Suely Maria , Marçal Pedro Henrique Ferreira
Published: March 2022

Anemia falciforme é uma doença hereditária, caracterizada pela alteração dos glóbulos vermelhos do sangue, tornando-os parecidos com uma foice, daí o nome falciforme. No Brasil, cerca 8% da população negra é afetada, mas devido à intensa história de miscigenação ocorrida no país, observa-se também em pessoas de outras raças. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo geral de analisar as características da anemia falciforme e a toxidade apresentada pela hidroxiueria em seu tratamento. O trabalho foi elaborado através de uma revisão bibliográfica em livros e artigos selecionados por meio de buscas em sites de bancos de dados e livros, o período do material pesquisado abrange os trabalhos publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2019. A hidroxiureia é hoje uma das drogas mais usadas no tratamento da anemia falciforme por ser capaz de aumentar a produção de um outro tipo de hemoglobina, conhecida como hemoglobina fetal (mais presente no período de vida uterina). Altos níveis de hemoglobina fetal diminuem a polimerização das hemácias defeituosas e reduzem o risco de vaso-oclusão. Como qualquer quimioterápico, porém, a hidroxiureia apresenta efeitos adversos. A hidroxiuréia representa a primeira opção medicamentosa para pacientes que vivenciam quadros clínicos considerados de moderados a graves. Todavia, é importante destacar a incidência de melhora clínica em todos os pacientes que fazem uso desse medicamento.
Exclusive breastfeeding in a context of intimate partner violence in Brazil
Authors: Baraldi Nayara Girardi , Lettiere-Viana Angelina , Pimentel Daniela Taysa Rodrigues , Stefanello Juliana
Published: March 2022

The study aim was to identify the experience of exclusive breastfeeding and its relationship with the situation of intimate partner violence from a qualitative approach. The study was carried out in a maternity hospital located in Brazil. The participants were 21 puerperal women, who were in a situation of intimate partner violence in the puerperium and who had at least 180 days postpartum. The quantitative data (the women's sociodemographic, economic, family, and obstetric status) were used for describing the participants. Whereas, the qualitative data were collected through an open interview and recorded in a single moment, they reflected on the experience of breastfeeding in situations of violence by their intimate partners. The qualitative data was treated using the Method of Sense Interpretation; and Male Domination and Symbolic Power, by Pierre Bourdieu, were the theoretical frameworks chosen to discuss the concept of gender in social relationships. Most of the participants were young, black/brown-skinned, had a mean of 10 years of study, all suffered some type of violence by their partners during postpartum, and only one woman followed exclusive breastfeeding until six months. The central category, entitled: “Intimate partner violence and its repercussions on the experience of exclusive breastfeeding”, identified that intimate partner violence impacted in maintaining exclusive breastfeeding, interruption of latching, in addition to affecting the relationship between mother and child. The originality of the theme must be discussed in the academic, practical, governmental, and research spheres in order to strengthen the notification and confrontation of violence and to advocate for exclusive breastfeeding even in adverse contexts.
Soil pedogeochemical attributes prediction by interpolators in ice-free areas of Antarctica
Authors: Schünemann Adriano Luis , Thomazini André , Almeida Pedro Henrique Araújo , Francelino Márcio Rocha , Fernandes Filho Elpídio Inácio , Santos Gérson Rodrigues dos , Paula Mayara Daher de , Schaefer Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud , Pereira Antonio Batista
Published: March 2022

The main objective of this paper is to predict soil attributes in unsampled areas using geostatistical models, By improving the prediction parameters of selected data, using environmental covariates characteristic of Antarctic ice free areas. In this study, 58 soil samples from a grid were collected at 0-10 cm depth in Keller Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. The soil chemical analysis was performed, and the values of potassium, calcium and magnesium were determined for each soil sampled. Simple kriging (SK) and Random Forest interpolator were used in this work to predict the values of the studied soil attributes in non-sampled areas. We used a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) to generate a cloud of points, to obtain digital elevation models (DEMs) of 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 meters cell size. The use of covariates did not improve the parameters of soil bases prediction in the studied area. The final maps did not show great differences based on RMSEs, mainly related to the great spatial variability of soil attributes in this region, despite soil thematic maps evidencing visual difference.
Manejo e tratamento de ameloblastoma: um protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Xavier Elaine Cristie Nascimento , Araújo Eduarda Gomes Onofre de , Moreira Júlia Brunner , Sousa Millena Lorrana de Almeida , Bezerra Raquel Vieira , Guedes Raissa Leitão , Silva Alleson Jamesson da , Oliveira III Júlio Estrela de , Leal Carlson Batista , Castanha Danilo de Morais , Aguiar Ávilla Pessoa , Suassuna Thalles Moreira
Published: March 2022

O ameloblastoma é um tumor benigno, agressivo, intraósseo e originado do epitélio odontogênico, cujo tratamento vai desde abordagens mais conservadoras até ressecção total com margem de segurança. Devido às variadas formas de tratamento para esse tumor, há uma relativa pluralidade de abordagens no seu manejo e tratamento, sendo necessário reconhecer os pontos cruciais para escolha da técnica. Esse trabalho consiste em um protocolo de revisão de escopo acerca das diferentes formas de tratamentos de indivíduos diagnosticados com ameloblastoma, desenvolvido de acordo com as recomendações do Manual do Instituto Joanna Briggs e registrado na Open Science Framework. A busca pelos artigos será realizada em três etapas, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus (Elsevier), LILACS via BVS e Google Scholar. Serão consideradas publicações em inglês, espanhol e português, sem limite de data. Os dados serão extraídos por meio de um formulário adaptado pelos autores e apresentados na forma de quadros e/ou imagens e de forma descritiva, seguindo o checklist do PRISMA-ScR. A construção do protocolo irá permitir a realização de uma revisão de escopo com passos metodológicos bem definidos sobre a temática acerca do tratamento de pacientes diagnosticados com ameloblastoma, permitindo um maior conhecimento sobre o assunto.
Fatores de risco para alterações da integridade da pele frente ao uso de equipamento de proteção individual no enfrentamento da COVID-19: estudo retrospectivo
Authors: Paula Jéssica Fabiola dos Santos , Pontes Ana Rosa de Souza , Cardinelli Camila Castanho , Di Piero Karina Chamma
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: identificar os principais fatores de risco relacionados aos problemas de pele relacionados ao uso de equipamento de proteção individual (EPI)/paramentação e as principais medidas preventivas. Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória descritiva quantitativa, dados coletados em janeiro de 2022 com profissionais atuantes durante a pandemia de coronavírus (COVID-19) que se submeteram ao uso de EPI/paramentação em um hospital universitário no Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 84 profissionais, sendo 56 (66,7%) feminino e 28 (33,3%) masculino. Prevaleceram a raça branca (60%) e a faixa etária entre 20 e 30 anos (44%). Profissionais de enfermagem foram os mais acometidos (50%). Acerca dos sinais e sintomas relatados durante uso de EPI, 71 (85%) afirmaram ocorrência de vermelhidão na pele, 30 (36%) pressão sobre a pele, 55 (65%) alteração da umidade, 51 (60%) referiram dor ou ardência e 24 (28%) alterações na pele que podem ter sido secundárias a um ou mais fatores de risco referidos anteriormente. Conclusão: O cenário pandêmico gerou risco adicional para persistência de fatores de risco devido ao uso prolongado de EPI/paramentação, pois determinou uso contínuo destes por longos períodos e por vezes sem respeitar medidas seguras de prevenção. Observou-se a manutenção dos fatores de risco (pressão, fricção e umidade) durante utilização dos EPI necessários para a proteção com vistas à manutenção da assistência. Portanto, há necessidade de educação em saúde da equipe de saúde sobre as principais medidas preventivas que devem ser realizadas a fim de evitar alterações da integridade da pele - fundamental para a saúde do trabalhador.
Posição da maniva e aplicação de Azospirillum brasilense influenciam caracteres agronômicos da mandioca
Authors: González Aguilera Jorge , Krewer Bruna Izabel , Lima Roney Eloy , Zuffo Alan Mario , Ratke Rafael Felippe , Alfonso Junior Jose Aristeu , Ribeiro Newton Júnior , Rodrigues Mirian Roberta Morais , Elsayed Ahmed Youssef , Argentel Martínez Leandris
Published: March 2022

O manejo da cultura da mandioca é o que determina o potencial produtivo, sendo em muitos casos negligenciado, por ser considerada uma cultura rústica que responde pouco aos insumos agrícolas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento da mandioca em função da posição da maniva em combinação com Azospirillum brasilense. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com desenho fatorial 2x2, sendo um fator o posicionamento [horizontal (PH) e vertical (PV)] e outro a aplicação do A. brasilense [com (+Azos) e sem (-Azos)], com 20 repetições por tratamento. Aos 165 dias após plantio (DAP) foram avaliadas em intervalo de 30 dias as variáveis: diâmetro do caule (DC), número de brotos (NB), altura do broto principal (ABP) e comprimento de folíolos (CF). Aos 285 DAP na coleta final foi avaliado o peso da parte área (PPA), o número de raízes comerciais (NR) e a produção total (PT). Análises multivariada de componentes principais (CP) foi realizado. Os primeiros dois CP retem > 88% da variabilidade dos dados na maioria das variáveis mesuradas. O desenvolvimento morfológico é estimulado a partir dos 165 DAP até os 285 DAP, gerando assim, a maior produtividade da mandioca na associação do PH+Azos. A posição horizontal de plantio é a melhor opção na cultura da mandioca e junto com a fixação e melhor disponibilidade de N pelo A. brasilense promovem o melhor desempenho da cultura.
Caracterização do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com doença renal crônica, atendidos em uma unidade de tratamento dialítico em Campo Mourão-PR
Authors: Silva Marcela Cristina , Oliva Elma Fatima de Souza , Rickli Cristiane , Braga Lais de Souza
Published: March 2022

Realizou-se uma pesquisa retrospectiva através de registros dos 195 prontuários dos pacientes de uma unidade de tratamento dialítico na cidade de Campo Mourão-PR, com o objetivo de traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes que tiveram atendimento entre os meses de janeiro a agosto de 2020. O elevado número de indivíduos com doença renal crônica (DRC) tem aumentado anualmente, entre as principais causas destacam-se a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e o diabetes mellitus (DM). Após a total paralisação das funções renais, é necessário o tratamento dialítico, seja por hemodiálise ou diálise peritoneal, para retirar o excesso de líquidos e catabólitos. Foi possível observar em 195 pacientes avaliados que a etiologia da DRC que mais se destaca é a HAS (46,67%), seguido de DM (35,38%), com predomínio do sexo masculino e faixa etária entre 61 a 70 anos (26,15%). Podemos evidenciar que a hipertensão arterial sistêmica e o diabetes mellitus, são as principais doenças de base para DRC, sendo necessária a elaboração de políticas públicas para conscientizar e prevenir a população de risco sobre a necessidade de acompanhamento médico dos fatores de risco descritos.
Avaliação quantitativa das outorgas emitidas para as águas subterrâneas no município de Itabira-MG
Authors: Cintra Letícia Chiaradia , Gonçalves José Augusto Costa
Published: March 2022

No Brasil, grande parte das águas subterrâneas são extraídas por poços tubulares onde são retiradas grandes vazões e costumam ser utilizadas por indústrias, comércio, condomínios, entre outros. A outorga é o instrumento legal responsável por assegurar o controle quantitativo e qualitativo dos usos da água, bem como garantir os direitos de acesso à água. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar quantitativamente as outorgas dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos do município de Itabira (MG), buscando conhecer a disponibilidade hídrica para os usuários outorgados. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, fundamentando-se na análise e avaliação dos dados hidrogeológicos a partir das informações sobre os processos de outorgas disponíveis na plataforma do Sistema Integrado de Informação Ambiental (SIAM). Foi constatado que a maior parte das outorgas foram emitidas para o consumo humano, entretanto elas representam os menores volumes utilizados. Em contrapartida, os maiores volumes outorgados (cerca de 80% do total) são destinados às atividades de mineração. Em relação à disponibilidade hídrica, as águas outorgadas das rochas da Suíte Borrachudos, do Complexo Guanhães e Complexo Granito-Gnáissico, são responsáveis por quase toda vazão extraída no município de Itabira, apresentando boas condições para o armazenamento da água. Ressalta-se a importância da preservação das águas subterrâneas, uma vez que poços com vazões expressivas tem grandes volumes de água outorgados, no município de Itabira são destinados à fins minerários.
Seguimento farmacoterapêutico: elaboração e aplicação de instrumento em uma unidade de terapia intensiva da COVID-19
Authors: Silva Ozileudiane Barros Santos da , Leopardi-Gonçalves Maria das Graças , Câmara Fabiana Menezes de Souza , Comassetto Isabel , Araújo Morgana Vital de
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Relatar experiência de farmacêuticos clínicos na elaboração e aplicação de um instrumento para seguimento farmacoterapêutico baseados no mnemônico FAST HUG MAINDENS em uma unidade de terapia intensiva da COVID-19. Metodologia: A elaboração do instrumento foi realizada através da consulta a trabalhos que utilizaram o mnemônico na construção de suas ferramentas, bem como nas necessidades observadas na vivência do serviço. Resultados: A coleta dos dados era realizada diariamente através de análise do prontuário eletrônico do paciente, bem como durante as visitas aos pacientes onde eram observados os instrumentos ligados aos pacientes e registros de outros profissionais. Uma vez que eram identificados problemas relacionados a medicamentos, realizava-se a intervenção junto ao profissional responsável, toda a ação realizada pelas farmacêuticas era registrada no prontuário eletrônico do paciente. A ficha de acompanhamento permitiu ao farmacêutico o monitoramento de aspectos fundamentais no cuidado de pacientes críticos com COVID-19. Conclusão: A elaboração e utilização do instrumento de seguimento farmacoterapêutico permitiu a padronização do serviço de farmácia clínica aos pacientes críticos com COVID-19, facilitando a identificação de mais pontos de intervenção farmacêutica e agilizando a atuação do farmacêutico após a identificação de problemas relacionados a medicamentos.
Electrostatic quantum dark energy in a seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: March 2022

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in the hidden dimensions and provides the basis and background for the gravitational force through the curvature of space-time. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is considered a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, which makes the universe seven-dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between the Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space. Mathematically, this electrostatic repulsion is related to the Hubble constant to explain the accelerated expansion due to dark energy and the increase in mass of matter.
The Geobattery Concept: A Geothermal Circular Heat Network for the Sustainable Development of Near Surface Low Enthalpy Geothermal Energy to Decarbonise Heating
Authors: Fraser-Harris Andrew , McDermott Christopher Ian , Receveur Mylène , Mouli-Castillo Julien , Todd Fiona , Cartwright-Taylor Alexis , Gunning Andrew , Parsons Mark
Published: March 2022

Decarbonisation of heating represents a major challenge in efforts to reach Net Zero carbon emissions, especially for countries that rely heavily on the combustion of carbon-based fossil fuels to meet heating demand such as the United Kingdom. In this paper we explore the use of near surface low enthalpy geothermal energy accessed via commercial and domestic heat pump technology. These resources may become increasingly important in decarbonisation efforts but, while they are renewable, their sustainability is contingent on appropriate management. Here, we introduce a new geothermal circular heat network concept, known as a “geobattery,” which redistributes recyclable heat from emitters to users via elevated permeability pathways in the subsurface and offers a platform to manage shallow geothermal resources. If successfully implemented the concept has the potential to provide low carbon, resilient, low-cost heating that is sustainable both in terms of heat pump performance and the shallow geothermal resource. We demonstrate the concept based on the cooling requirements of a case study data centre with existing high energy use and the potential to inject the generated heat into elevated permeability pathways in the shallow subsurface. We show that thermal recharge under these conditions has the potential to arrest subsurface temperature declines associated with closely spaced borehole heat exchangers, ensure the long-term sustainability of shallow geothermal resources for generations to come, and play an important role in the decarbonisation of heating.
Plant Extracts as Potential Acaricides for the Management of Red Spider Mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner (Acarina: Tetranychidae), in the Tea Ecosystem: An Eco-Friendly Strategy
Authors: Deka Bhabesh , Babu Azariah , Baruah Chittaranjan , Sarkar Suman
Published: March 2022

The effects of the application of aqueous extracts of a selection of five traditional plants (Murraya paniculata, Cassia tora, Amphineuron opulentum, Tithonia diversifolia, andCassia alata) were compared with that of synthetic acaricide in reducing the population of red spider mite (Oligonychus coffeae), a major tea pest, alongside their impact on natural enemies and green leaf yield. Analysis of large-scale field trials showed that all the five plants extract treatments resulted in similar yield; this was analogous to the application of synthetic acaricide. A reduction in the pest population was observed to be on par with the synthetic acaricide, with a higher number of natural enemies treated using the pesticide-plant-treated plot in comparison to the synthetic acaricide-treated plot, which indicated pesticidal plants had a lower impact on natural enemies. A phytotoxicity study on tea leaves indicated that aqueous extracts of selected plants are non-phytotoxic and do not impart any taint to the prepared tea samples. Therefore, the present investigation outlines how plant extracts used as a botanical pesticide display toxicity against red spider mite on tea plants without harming the beneficial insects, increasing the yield and avoiding any lethal consequence for the tea plants or consumers.
Still SDAPing Along: 20 Years of the Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins
Authors: Schein Catherine H. , Negi Surendra S. , Braun Werner
Published: March 2022

The introduction of plant extracts to mitigate the symptoms of “hay fever”, about a century ago, led to discoveries beginning sixty years ago on determining the sequences and eventually structures of allergenic proteins. As more proteins were cloned, there was a need to rapidly identify and categorize those with significant similarity to known allergens. The Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins (SDAP) was created at the beginning of the 21st century as the first cross-referenced website to allow rapid overview of the structures and sequences of allergenic proteins. SDAP provides a way to identify sequence and functional similarities between these proteins, despite the complex nomenclature system based on the Latin names of their different sources. A rapid FASTA search simplifies grouping allergens from the same structural or functional family. SDAP also provides an overview of the rapidly expanding literature on the sequence, structure and epitopes of allergenic proteins and a way to estimate the potential allergenicity of novel proteins based on rules provided by the IUIS. Twenty years and a pandemic later, the list of allergenic proteins and their attributes continues to grow. SDAP is expanding and improving to allow rapid access to all this information.
Pursuit and Evasion Strategy of a Differential Game Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Xu Can , Zhang Yin , Wang Weigang , Dong Ligang
Published: March 2022

Since the emergence of deep neural network (DNN), it has achieved excellent performance in various research areas. As the combination of DNN and reinforcement learning, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) becomes a new paradigm for solving differential game problems. In this study, we build up a reinforcement learning environment and apply relevant DRL methods to a specific bio-inspired differential game problem: the dog sheep game. The dog sheep game environment is set on a circle where the dog chases down the sheep attempting to escape. According to some presuppositions, we are able to acquire the kinematic pursuit and evasion strategy. Next, this study implements the value-based deep Q network (DQN) model and the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) model to the dog sheep game, attempting to endow the sheep the ability to escape successfully. To enhance the performance of the DQN model, this study brought up the reward mechanism with a time-out strategy and the game environment with an attenuation mechanism of the steering angle of sheep. These modifications effectively increase the probability of escape for the sheep. Furthermore, the DDPG model is adopted due to its continuous action space. Results show the modifications of the DQN model effectively increase the escape probabilities to the same level as the DDPG model. When it comes to the learning ability under various environment difficulties, the refined DQN and the DDPG models have bigger performance enhancement over the naive evasion model in harsh environments than in loose environments.
Sperm Heterogeneity Accounts for Sperm DNA Methylation Variations Observed in the Caput Epididymis, Independently From DNMT/TET Activities
Authors: Chen Hong , Scott-Boyer Marie-Pier , Droit Arnaud , Robert Claude , Belleannée Clémence
Published: March 2022

Following their production in the testis, spermatozoa enter the epididymis where they gain their motility and fertilizing abilities. This post-testicular maturation coincides with sperm epigenetic profile changes that influence progeny outcome. While recent studies highlighted the dynamics of small non-coding RNAs in maturing spermatozoa, little is known regarding sperm methylation changes and their impact at the post-fertilization level. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to purify spermatozoa from the testis and different epididymal segments (i.e., caput, corpus and cauda) of CAG/su9-DsRed2; Acr3-EGFP transgenic mice in order to map out sperm methylome dynamics. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS-Seq) performed on DNA from these respective sperm populations indicated that high methylation changes were observed between spermatozoa from the caput vs. testis with 5,546 entries meeting our threshold values (q value <0.01, methylation difference above 25%). Most of these changes were transitory during epididymal sperm maturation according to the low number of entries identified between spermatozoa from cauda vs. testis. According to enzymatic and sperm/epididymal fluid co-incubation assays, (de)methylases were not found responsible for these sperm methylation changes. Instead, we identified that a subpopulation of caput spermatozoa displayed distinct methylation marks that were susceptible to sperm DNAse treatment and accounted for the DNA methylation profile changes observed in the proximal epididymis. Our results support the paradigm that a fraction of caput spermatozoa has a higher propensity to bind extracellular DNA, a phenomenon responsible for the sperm methylome variations observed at the post-testicular level. Further investigating the degree of conservation of this sperm heterogeneity in human will eventually provide new considerations regarding sperm selection procedures used in fertility clinics.
Origin and Evolution of the Multifaceted Adherens Junction Component Plekha7
Authors: Kourtidis Antonis , Dighera Bryan , Risner Alyssa , Hackemack Rob , Nikolaidis Nikolas
Published: March 2022

Plekha7 is a key adherens junction component involved in numerous functions in mammalian cells. Plekha7 is the most studied member of the PLEKHA protein family, which includes eight members with diverse functions. However, the evolutionary history of Plekha7 remains unexplored. Here, we outline the phylogeny and identify the origins of this gene and its paralogs. We show that Plekha7, together with Plekha4, Plekha5, and Plekha6, belong to a subfamily that we name PLEKHA4/5/6/7. This subfamily is distinct from the other Plekha proteins, which form two additional separate subfamilies, namely PLEKHA1/2 and PLEKHA3/8. Sequence, phylogenetic, exon-intron organization, and syntenic analyses reveal that the PLEKHA4/5/6/7 subfamily is represented by a single gene in invertebrates, which remained single in the last common ancestor of all chordates and underwent gene duplications distinctly in jawless and jawed vertebrates. In the latter species, a first round of gene duplications gave rise to the Plekha4/7 and Plekha5/6 pairs and a second round to the four extant members of the subfamily. These observations are consistent with the 1R/2R hypothesis of vertebrate genome evolution. Plekha7 and Plekha5 also exist in two copies in ray-finned fishes, due to the Teleostei-specific whole genome duplication. Similarities between the vertebrate Plekha4/5/6/7 members and non-chordate sequences are restricted to their N-terminal PH domains, whereas similarities across the remaining protein molecule are only sporadically found among few invertebrate species and are limited to the coiled-coil and extreme C-terminal ends. The vertebrate Plekha4/5/6/7 proteins contain extensive intrinsically disordered domains, which are topologically and structurally conserved in all chordates, but not in non-chordate invertebrates. In summary, our study sheds light on the origins and evolution of Plekha7 and the PLEKHA4/5/6/7 subfamily and unveils new critical information suitable for future functional studies of this still understudied group of proteins.
Lipophosphoglycan From Dermotropic New World Leishmania Upregulates Interleukin-32 and Proinflammatory Cytokines Through TLR4 and NOD2 Receptors
Authors: Silveira Murilo Barros , Gomes Rodrigo Saar , Shio Marina Tiemi , Rugani Jeronimo Nunes , Paranaiba Larissa Ferreira , Soares Rodrigo Pedro , Ribeiro-Dias Fátima
Published: March 2022

Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is produced during Leishmania infection, but the components of the parasite that induce its production are unknown. An important multivirulence factor of Leishmania spp. protozoa is the lipophosphoglycan (LPG), which plays a crucial role in the host-parasite interaction. Here, the ability of LPGs from two dermotropic Leishmania species to induce IL-32 production was evaluated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Additionally, the potential receptors involved in this activation were assessed. PBMCs from healthy individuals were stimulated with LPGs from L. amazonensis (La) or L. braziliensis (Lb), live promastigotes of La or Lb and E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, TLR4 agonist) as control. Blockers of TLR4 (Bartonella quintana LPS or monoclonal antibody) and Ponatinib (RIPK2 inhibitor, NOD2 pathway) were used to evaluate the receptors. ELISA was performed for IL-32 expression and cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) production in cell lysates and in supernatants, respectively. Expression of TLR4 (2 h, 24 h) was assessed by flow cytometry. IL-32γ mRNA transcript was analyzed by qPCR. It was observed that LPG from Leishmania, like whole parasites, induced the production of IL-32, IL-1β and IL-6. Both LPGs induced the expression of IL32γ mRNA. The production of IL-32 was earlier detected (6 h) and positively associated with the production of IL-1β and IL-6. The induction of cytokines (IL-32, IL-1β and IL-6) was dependent on TLR4 and NOD2. The TLR4 was internalized after interaction with LPG. Therefore, our data suggest that LPGs from La and Lb are components of Leishmania able to upregulate IL-32 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines in a TLR4- and NOD2-dependent manner. In addition, LPG-induced IL-32 seems to be necessary for IL-1β and IL-6 production. To identify the parasite factors and host receptors involved in IL-32 induction is crucial to reveal potential targets for novel strategies to control leishmaniasis.