bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Correlation between Cross‐Border E‐Commerce and Economic Growth Based on Hierarchical Multilevel Gray Evaluation Model
Authors: Chen Nie
Published: February 2022

Cross‐border e‐commerce is a new form of global trade development under the background of “Internet+,” and it is also a new engine driving economic development. Cross‐border e‐commerce is growing rapidly and has broad development prospects. As a pioneering pilot zone for comprehensive cross‐border e‐commerce, it has played a leading role in the development of the country’s cross‐border e‐commerce industry. This paper takes China’s 35 cross‐border e‐commerce comprehensive pilot areas as the research object, selects the annual data of 31 provinces across the country, and conducts an empirical research based on the gray‐related Internet development level and economic growth. It analyzes the influencing factors of cross‐border e‐commerce development, constructs a cross‐border e‐commerce development influencing factor model, and applies gray theory to conduct an empirical analysis of the correlation between cross‐border e‐commerce development influencing factors and cross‐border e‐commerce. The research results show that foreign direct investment has the greatest correlation with the number of websites and webpages; the number of patent applications has the greatest correlation with the number of domains and websites; the total fixed assets have the greatest correlation with the number of Internet users and the number of mobile phones at the end of the year; the total amount of foreign investment enterprises in and out. It has the greatest correlation with the number of URLs and Webpages; GDP has the greatest correlation with the number of Internet users and the number of mobile phones at the end of the year. The Internet infrastructure and popularity have a close relationship with economic growth, and the relationship between foreign investment and patent applications and the level of Internet development is more significant.
Estimation of Learning Affects Experienced by Learners: An Approach Using Relational Reasoning and Adaptive Mapping
Authors: Pise Anil Audumbar , Vadapalli Hima , Sanders Ian
Published: February 2022

Various studies have measured and analyzed learners’ emotions in both traditional classroom and e-learning settings. Learners’ emotions can be estimated using their text input, speech, body language, or facial expressions. The presence of certain facial expressions has shown to indicate a learner’s levels of concentration in both traditional and e-learning environments. Many studies have focused on the use of facial expressions in estimating the emotions experienced by learners. However, little research has been conducted on the use of analyzed emotions in estimating the learning affect experienced. Previous studies have shown that online learning can enhance students’ motivation, interest, attention, and performance as well as counteract negative emotions, such as boredom and anxiety, that students may experience. Thus, it is crucial to integrate modules into an existing e-learning platform to effectively estimate learners’ learning affect (LLA), provide appropriate feedback to both learner and lecturers, and potentially change the overall online learning experience. This paper proposes a learning affect estimation framework that employs relational reasoning for facial expression recognition and adaptive mapping between recognized emotions and learning affect. Relational reasoning and deep learning, when used for autoanalysis of facial expressions, have shown promising results. The proposed methodology includes estimating a learner’s facial expressions using relational reasoning; mapping the estimated expressions to the learner’s learning affect using the adaptive LLA transfer model; and analyzing the effectiveness of LLA within an online learning environment. The proposed research thus contributes to the field of facial expression recognition enhancing online learning experience and adaptive learning.
A Novel Technique Using Fluorescent Ureteral Catheter and Flexible Ureteroscope for Safe Laparoscopic Fenestration of Lymphocele after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Sekito Takanori , Araki Motoo , Wada Koichiro , Yoshinaga Kasumi , Maruyama Yuki , Sadahira Takuya , Katayama Satoshi , Iwata Takehiro , Nishimura Shingo , Sako Tomoko , Edamura Kohei , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Watanabe Toyohiko
Published: February 2022

Laparoscopic fenestration of a postrenal transplant lymphocele is associated with a risk of renal hilar vessel and ureteral injury. Consequently, determination of the incision line is difficult. We describe a case of a 73-year-old man with postrenal transplant lymphocele who underwent a laparoscopic fenestration. We report a surgical video containing a new technique of laparoscopic fenestration using a fluorescent ureteral catheter in combination with a flexible ureteroscope. The combination of a fluorescent ureteral catheter and flexible ureteroscope during surgery enabled us to determine the incision line safely and accurately. Intraoperative real-time visualization of the lymphocele and ureter using a fluorescent ureteral catheter and a flexible ureteroscope is safer than conventional methods for laparoscopic fenestration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this novel technique.
Autocrine Canonical Wnt Signaling Primes Noncanonical Signaling through ROR1 in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ma Fen , Arai Seiji , Wang Keshan , Calagua Carla , Yuan Amanda R. , Poluben Larysa , Gu Zhongkai , Russo Joshua W. , Einstein David J. , Ye Huihui , He Meng Xiao , Liu Yu , Van Allen Eliezer , Sowalsky Adam G. , Bhasin Manoj K. , Yuan Xin , Balk Steven P.
Published: February 2022

Wnt signaling driven by genomic alterations in genes including APC and CTNNB, which encodes β-catenin, have been implicated in prostate cancer development and progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, nongenomic drivers and downstream effectors of Wnt signaling in prostate cancer and the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway in prostate cancer have not been fully established. Here we analyzed Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer and identified effectors distinct from those found in other tissues, including aryl hydrocarbon receptor and RUNX1, which are linked to stem cell maintenance, and ROR1, a noncanonical Wnt5a coreceptor. Wnt/β-catenin signaling–mediated increases in ROR1 enhanced noncanonical responses to Wnt5a. Regarding upstream drivers, APC genomic loss, but not its epigenetic downregulation commonly observed in prostate cancer, was strongly associated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in clinical samples. Tumor cell upregulation of the Wnt transporter Wntless (WLS) was strongly associated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity in primary prostate cancer but also associated with both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in mCRPC. IHC confirmed tumor cell WLS expression in primary prostate cancer and mCRPC, and patient-derived prostate cancer xenografts expressing WLS were responsive to treatment with Wnt synthesis inhibitor ETC-1922159. These findings reveal that Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer drives stem cell maintenance and invasion and primes for noncanonical Wnt signaling through ROR1. They further show that autocrine Wnt production is a nongenomic driver of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in prostate cancer, which can be targeted with Wnt synthesis inhibitors to suppress tumor growth.

Significance:

This work provides fundamental insights into Wnt signaling and prostate cancer cell biology and indicates that a subset of prostate cancer driven by autocrine Wnt signaling is sensitive to Wnt synthesis inhibitors.
Transient Inhibition of the JAK/STAT Pathway Prevents B-ALL Development in Genetically Predisposed Mice
Authors: Casado-García Ana , Isidro-Hernández Marta , Oak Ninad , Mayado Andrea , Mann-Ran Christine , Raboso-Gallego Javier , Alemán-Arteaga Silvia , Buhles Alexandra , Sterker Dario , Sánchez Elena G. , Martínez-Cano Jorge , Blanco Oscar , Orfao Alberto , Alonso-López Diego , De Las Rivas Javier , Riesco Susana , Prieto-Matos Pablo , González-Murillo África , García Criado Francisco Javier , García Cenador María Begoña , Radimerski Thomas , Ramírez-Orellana Manuel , Cobaleda César , Yang Jun J. , Vicente-Dueñas Carolina , Weiss Andreas , Nichols Kim E. , Sánchez-García Isidro
Published: February 2022

Preventing development of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a disease with devastating effects, is a longstanding and unsolved challenge. Heterozygous germline alterations in the PAX5 gene can lead to B-ALL upon accumulation of secondary mutations affecting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Preclinical studies have shown that this malignant transformation occurs only under immune stress such as exposure to infectious pathogens. Here we show in Pax5+/− mice that transient, early-life administration of clinically relevant doses of ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, significantly mitigates the risk of B-ALL following exposure to infection; 1 of 29 animals treated with ruxolitinib developed B-ALL versus 8 of 34 untreated mice. Ruxolitinib treatment preferentially targeted Pax5+/− versus wild-type B-cell progenitors and exerted unique effects on the Pax5+/− B-cell progenitor transcriptional program. These findings provide the first in vivo evidence for a potential strategy to prevent B-ALL development.

Significance:

JAK/STAT inhibition suppresses tumorigenesis in a B-ALL–susceptible mouse model, presenting a novel approach to prevent B-ALL onset.
Associations among the TREM-1 Pathway, Tau Hyperphosphorylation, Prolactin Expression, and Metformin in Diabetes Mice
Authors: Duc Nguyen Hai , Hoang Ngoc Minh Hong , Jo Won Hee , Ham Ju Ri , Lee Mi-Kyung , Kim Min Sun
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Increasing evidence indicates that the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 amplifies chronic inflammation, as well as the roles of prolactin (PRL) and metformin (MET) in tau hyperphosphorylation. However, the associations among TREM-1, tau hyperphosphorylation, PRL expression, and MET in DM remain unclear. Methods: Streptozotocin was used to induce experimental DM in C57BL/6N mice. MET was orally administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks prior to hippocampal collection in DM mice. Various parameters pertaining to the TREM-1 pathway, tau hyperphosphorylation, PRL, and related factors were analyzed. Results: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of TREM-1, DAP12, casp1, interleukin-1β, Cox2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, pituitary transcriptional factor-1 (Pit-1), and PRL were significantly increased in the hippocampus of DM mice; the expression levels of these pro-inflammatory mediators, PRL receptor (PRLR) short or long (PRLR-S and PRLR-L), and PRL regulatory element-binding (Preb) protein in DM mice treated with MET (DM + MET) were significantly decreased compared with those in control (CON) mice. The levels of p-Tau and glycogen synthase kinase-3 in the DM group were significantly higher than those in the CON group and significantly lower than those in the DM + MET group. Conclusion: We confirmed the therapeutic potential of MET for both DM and neurodegeneration. Our findings shed new light on the effects of DM on the pathophysiology of AD via the TREM-1 pathway and PRL expression. Thus, an improved understanding of the TREM-1 pathway in hyperglycemic conditions, as well as PRL, Preb, Pit-1, PRLR-L, and PRLR-S gene expression in the liver, brain, and other sites, may help unravel the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and neurodegeneration.
Decreased Resting State Inter- and Intra-Network Functional Connectivity Is Associated with Perceived Stress in a Sample of University Students: An eLORETA Study
Authors: Massullo Chiara , Bersani Francesco Saverio , Carbone Giuseppe Alessio , Panno Angelo , Farina Benedetto , Murillo-Rodríguez Eric , Yamamoto Tetsuya , Machado Sérgio , Budde Henning , Imperatori Claudio
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Although the study of the Triple Network (TN) model has gained attention in the exploration of stress-related processes, the neurophysiological mechanisms of TN in relation to perceived stress have been relatively understudied in nonclinical samples so far. The main objective of the present study was to investigate, in a sample of university students, the association of perceived stress with resting state electroencephalography (EEG) functional connectivity in the TN. Methods: Ninety university students (40 males and 50 females; mean age 22.30 ± 2.43 years; mean educational level 16.60 ± 1.62 years) were enrolled. EEG data were analyzed through the exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA). Results: Higher levels of perceived stress were associated with decreased delta EEG connectivity within the central executive network (CEN) and between the CEN and the salience network (SN). Higher levels of perceived stress were also associated with decreased theta EEG connectivity between the CEN and the SN. The associations between perceived stress and EEG connectivity data were significant even when relevant confounding factors (i.e., sex, age, educational level, and psychopathological symptoms) were controlled for. Discussion: Taken together, our results suggest that higher levels of perceived stress are associated with a dysfunctional synchronization within the CEN and between the SN and the CEN. This functional pattern might in part reflect the negative impact of high levels of perceived stress on cognitive functioning.
Spontaneous Regression of Metachronous Intra-Abdominal Desmoid Tumor in a Patient with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Tsuchihashi Kenji , Yamaguchi Kyoko , Taguchi Ryosuke , Kohashi Kenichi , Ijichi Kayo , Okumura Yuta , Nakano Michitaka , Ohno Akari , Hioki Tomonobu , Shimokawa Hozumi , Ariyama Hiroshi , Kusaba Hitoshi , Oda Yoshinao , Akashi Koichi , Baba Eishi
Published: February 2022

Desmoid tumors are clonal fibroblastic neoplasms that arise in soft tissues. Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) can develop intra-abdominal desmoid tumors. However, metachronous appearance of intra-abdominal desmoid tumor is rare, and its clinical course is not well known. Here, we report a case of spontaneous regression of metachronous intra-abdominal desmoid tumor in a 36-year-old man with FAP. The patient was diagnosed with FAP and underwent laparoscopic total colorectomy. Intra-abdominal desmoid tumor appeared 2 years later and progressed despite treatment with tamoxifen and sulindac. He received four cycles of combinatory therapy with dacarbazine and adriamycin, resulting in shrinkage and stabilization of the desmoid tumor even after cessation of chemotherapy. A new intra-abdominal desmoid tumor developed 2 years later at a different site from the first lesion and progressed from 65 mm to 70 mm in diameter within a month. The size of the first lesion, however, remained unchanged. We prepared for chemotherapy because the second lesion progressed, but follow-up computed tomography showed spontaneous shrinkage of the second lesion. The patient still has not needed additional therapy as of more than 4 years after the appearance of the second lesion. Immunohistochemical staining showed the presence of macrophages in the second lesion. Although metachronous intra-abdominal desmoid tumor is rare and management protocols have yet to be established, this case suggests that an active surveillance approach may be applicable under careful follow-up in asymptomatic patients.
Does Elevated Alcohol Consumption Delay the Diagnostic Assessment of Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults?
Authors: Kamsvaag Ben , Tevik Kjerstin , Šaltytė Benth Jūratė , Wu Bei , Bergh Sverre , Selbaek Geir , Helvik Anne-Sofie
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The time from symptom debut to assessment of cognitive impairment (TSA) is usually substantial, and many factors can influence the length of this interval. Our objective was to discern whether elevated alcohol consumption is associated with TSA. Methods: Alcohol consumption was measured among 3,236 older Norwegians assessed for cognitive impairment. Elevated consumption was defined as drinking 4–7 times a week. TSA was defined as the number of months between symptom debut and assessment. The association between alcohol consumption and TSA was examined with a multiple regression analysis controlled for sociodemographic and clinical covariates. Results: Mean (SD) and median TSA were 34.8 (35.8) and 24.0 months, respectively. Elevated alcohol consumption was not associated with TSA. Longer TSA was associated with being male, having a high education level, being retired or unemployed, being single, having low scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Personal Activities of Daily Living (PADL), having high subsyndrome scores of depression or agitation on The Neuropsychiatric Inventory – Questionnaire (NPI-Q), or having a spouse/cohabitant as the designated next of kin. Conclusion: This study indicates that elevated alcohol consumption does not influence TSA. Possible explanations are discussed, but further research is needed to determine the effect of alcohol definitively. We did identify other novel characteristics associated with TSA which may be important in minimizing the risk of delayed cognitive assessments and should be kept in mind when considering assessment.
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome after Discontinuation of Fingolimod
Authors: Piñar Morales Raquel , Carrasco Garcia María , Gutierrez-Rojas Luis , Barrero Hernández Francisco Javier
Published: February 2022

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare complication of immunosuppressive treatment in MS patients. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) appears after the withdrawal of certain drugs such as natalizumab (NTZ) or fingolimod. The development of PML-IRIS after NTZ treatment has been described, and its diagnosis is made by clinical and radiological criteria and the determination of the John Cunningham virus in CSF. We present a clinical case of a patient with MS who, after the withdrawal of fingolimod, developed PML-IRIS despite sustained lymphopenia. This is important for pharmacovigilance purposes, not only for NTZ but also for alternative drugs used in MS treatment.
An Extremely Rare Cause of an Obstructive Jaundice in Adults: Limited Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Extrahepatic Bile Duct
Authors: Aldarwish Saeed , Schafmayer Clemens , Erbersdobler Andreas , Hinz Sebastian
Published: February 2022

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare group of idiopathic disorders (previously termed “histiocytosis X”) which is characterized by the presence of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells which infiltrate various tissues and organs. Like Langerhans cells located in the skin, they express histiocytic markers such as S100, CD1a, and CD68 and contain Birbeck granules, which are rod-shaped intracytoplasmic organelles best demonstrated in electron microscopy. LCH primarily affects the skeleton, but lung, skin, liver, and lymph node involvement may occur alike. Hepatic involvement is well recognized in children, with sclerosing cholangitis occurring in 10–15% of those with multisystemic involvement, whereas LCH confined to the liver appears to be very unusual in adults. Up to date, only one case of a solitary LCH affliction of the extrahepatic bile duct lacking liver involvement in adulthood has been reported on in the literature. We here report on a 60-year-old male patient with classical indolent progressive obstructive jaundice. The diagnostic workup revealed a tumorous lesion in the middle third of the common hepatic bile duct, initially being highly suspicious of an extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. CT scans further suspected an infiltration of the right portal vein, implicating a potentially extensive tumor growth, but a preoperative histological confirmation was not feasible. The serum tumor marker CA19-9 was 48 U/mL. The patient then underwent an explorative laparotomy with a pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, as all frozen section tissue specimens revealed no tumor infiltration. The final result of the histopathological examination revealed an isolated LCH in the extrahepatic bile duct with a consecutive secondary sclerosing cholangitis. To complete the tumor staging, a thorax CT scan was performed and a generalized histiocytosis was ruled out, hence confirming the localized character of the disease. To the best of our knowledge and after a comprehensive literature review, we report on the second case globally, which describes a primary LCH limited to the extrahepatic bile duct in adulthood. A generalized sclerosing cholangitis in the liver was ruled out by radiological imaging. Preoperative histological affirmation of such findings is very confined due to the complexity and hence can only be diagnosed in the postoperative specimen. However, patients with nondisseminated sole findings, usually report a good prognostic outcome after surgical resection despite the paucity of corresponding data.
McGregor Pedicled Groin Flap Surgical Technique for Reconstruction of Hand Skin Defects
Authors: Sifi Nazim , Rouag Nacer , Radjai Ammar
Published: February 2022

McGregor flap is an axial pattern distant flap, also known as pedicled groin flap. It is a highly reliable flap for large tissue defects of the hand (dorsal or palmar surfaces), the wrist, or the forearm, up to the elbow. Based on its own vascular pedicle, with a constant blood supply, it can be easily transferred with acceptable aesthetic outcomes. Therefore, the McGregor flap remains a flap of choice in the therapeutic arsenal of emergency hand surgery, especially when no other solution can be offered. In the following description, we try to present the anatomical landmarks as well as the different operating steps allowing the safe and easy performance of the aforementioned flap.
The Effect of Allopurinol on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Binbin , Chen Lili , Xu Yuankai , Duan Qingqing , Zheng Zhibo , Zheng Zhigui , He Dongyuan
Published: February 2022

Background: Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression. Previous animal and cohort studies have reported that allopurinol administration could be of therapeutic benefit in diabetic subjects. However, there has been controversy regarding the effects of allopurinol on DKD. Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy of allopurinol on renal function in patients with DKD by meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Method: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to October 2020. The primary outcome was a change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The secondary outcome was the change in albuminuria and serum uric acid (UA). Two reviewers independently assessed for risk of bias and extracted data. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated with random effects models and was reported with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) of the evidence was performed after meta-analysis. International prospective register of systematic reviews registration CRD42020219132. Results: From 642 potentially relevant citations, 3 studies were ultimately included. Our results showed evident reduction in serum UA after allopurinol intervention (WMD = −103.80, 95% CI −159.05, −48.55, I2 = 76%; p = 0.04), with a high GRADE of evidence. However, allopurinol did not significantly improve GFR (WMD = 1.07, 95% CI −1.68, 3.82, I2 = 33%; p = 0.45), with a moderate GRADE of evidence. There was no significant difference on improvement of albuminuria in patients of allopurinol and those in placebo groups (SMD = −0.26, 95% CI −1.03, 0.52, I2 = 94%; p = 0.52), with a moderate GRADE of evidence. Conclusions: The present research showed that allopurinol did not significantly improve renal function and albuminuria in patients with DKD.
RP-18 TLC and Computational Descriptors of Skin Permeability of Sunscreens
Authors: Sobańska Anna W. , Brzezińska Elżbieta
Published: February 2022

The relationships between the reversed-phase thin layer chromatographic retention parameters obtained on octadecyl-modified silica (RP-18) sorbent for mobile phases containing water and one of six water-miscible organic modifiers (acetone, methanol, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofurane, N,N-dimethylformamide, 1,4-dioxane) and skin permeability coefficients were studied for a group of 21 cosmetic raw materials, mainly organic sunscreens and preservatives. The correlations between the skin permeability coefficients log Kd calculated in silico using EpiSuite software and the RP-18 thin layer chromatographic retention parameters are mostly linear, especially for compounds of lower-to-medium lipophilicity. It was established that skin permeability coefficient models based on retention parameters collected for mobile phases containing acetone or dioxane (75% v/v), proposed for structurally unrelated cosmetic raw materials are also applicable to other actives, as shown using a test set of compounds whose in vivo log Kd data are available. Skin permeability models developed in this study have the benefit of being based on easily obtained, chromatographic descriptors and their applicability extends beyond cosmetic chemistry.
Un peu de bois et d’acier: Dasein, Ma e Imagem-Texto: linguagem visual e as significações efêmeras do cotidiano
Authors: Araújo Gilvan Charles Cerqueira
Published: February 2022

A nona arte tem conquistado cada vez mais espaço e importância entre o público em geral e a crítica literária, muito por conta de sua linguagem que mescla o textual ao visual, expandindo as formas de expressão de ações e situações em seus quadros imagéticos. Na obra Un eu de bois et d’acier de Christophe Chabouté os recortes imagéticos, em quadros sequenciados trazem consigo a espacialidade servida como plataforma e inspiração, em sua totalidade e singelos detalhes amiúde perpassados por nossa apressada existência. Neste artigo teremos com fins de fomentar um auxílio argumentativo e analítico, utilizar-se-ão os conceitos de Dasein, Ma e Imagem-Texto na obra de Chabouté, explorando as maneiras pelas quais as significações da existência em seu cotidiano são projetadas nos quadros visuais do autor e sua obra.
Um guia para críticos de histórias em quadrinhos
Authors: Chinen Nobu
Published: February 2022

Resenha do livro How to analyze and review comics.
Análise da gênese pluvial a partir da aplicação da técnica Spatial Synoptic Classification na região leste do estado do Paraná
Authors: Terassi Paulo Miguel de Bodas , Galvani Emerson
Published: February 2022

A análise integrada dos atributos climáticos é imprescindível para o conhecimento da dinâmica e dos mecanismos atmosféricos responsáveis pela geração de chuvas em uma determinada região. Portanto, este trabalho objetivou analisar as características atmosféricas predominantes e estabelecer os tipos de tempo responsáveis pela gênese pluviométrica a partir da aplicação da Spatial Synoptic Classification (SCC) em Castro, Curitiba e Paranaguá, situadas no setor leste do estado do Paraná. Foram utilizados os dados de quatro observações diárias de temperatura do ar (ºC), temperatura do ponto de orvalho (ºC), umidade relativa do ar (%), direção (º) e velocidade do vento (m/s), pressão atmosférica (hPa) e nebulosidade (décimos de cobertura de céu) das estações meteorológicas de Castro, Curitiba e Paranaguá, pertencentes ao Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, para o período de 2007 a 2015. Os tipos de tempo Tropical Úmido, Tropical Úmido Plus e Tropical Úmido 2x Plus ocorreram com maior frequência em Paranaguá em relação às demais localidades devido à influência da maritimidade em condicionar o aumento da umidade relativa do ar. Os tipos de tempo polares ocorreram com maior frequência entre o final de abril e o final de julho em todas as estações meteorológicas, associadas à atuação à mais frequente da massa Polar atlântica e à Frente Polar Atlântica. Em síntese, a SCC demonstrou que os tipos de tempo mais úmidos se dão com maior frequência em Paranaguá, devido à maritimidade, e em Castro e Curitiba, as tipologias indicaram uma maior frequência dos tipos de tempo associados aos sistemas atmosféricos extratropicais.
Relendo “Morte das casas de Ouro Preto”
Authors: Alcides Sérgio
Published: February 2022

Leitura do poema “Morte das casas de Ouro Preto”, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, publicado em jornal em 1949 e depois no livro Claro enigma, de 1951. Análise de aspectos formais e ênfase na situação do sujeito, com relação à enunciação e ao enunciado.
Baleias e imaginários: ruína, rasgo e reparação em três poemas brasileiros contemporâneos
Authors: Junkes Diana
Published: February 2022

Este artigo analisa, comparativamente, a construção e elaboração de uma mesma imagem, a baleia, em três poemas distintos, a saber: “Totem”, de Ruy Proença, do livro Visão do térreo, de 2007; “respiramos como as baleias”, de Prisca Agustoni, e “um enorme rabo de baleia” (2013), de Alice Sant´Anna. Para que as reflexões dirijam sua lupa para os versos e ao que eles nos trazem como forma e conteúdo, manifesto e manifestação estética, interioridade e exterioridade, realidade e imaginário, serão apresentadas reflexões sobre cada um dos poemas e, ao final, como um bordado, rasura, rasgo e reparação talvez digam mais sobre nós e sobre a poesia que nos habita, esta baleia imensa, ora totem ora asfixia, ora liberdade.
Depoimento: Eduardo Vieira Martins, um homem entre livros
Authors: Abreu Mirhiane Mendes de
Published: February 2022

Depoimento de Mirhiane Mendes de Abreu sobre Eduardo Vieira Martins.
Pesquisa e restauro como processos des-criativos: aprender em direção ao caminho inverso.
Authors: Lara Regina
Published: February 2022

Reflexões sobre trajetória pessoal percorrida no diálogo entre pesquisas artísticas e acadêmicas, idas e vindas a público, constantes mergulhos em direção ao caminho inverso, conforme Clarice Lispector. A pesquisa se deu em etapas distintas, de ver, rever e analisar o vitral, oportunamente restaurar e aí (re)conhecer o coração da matéria vítrea. Foram selecionados três momentos de inserção do vidro em processos criativos próprios, revelando aproximações entre arte e pesquisa.
Luzes, câmera, interrupções: 20202021
Authors: Lourenço Maria Cecília França
Published: February 2022

Neste texto, deseja-se abordar o tempo de espera em questões atuais, em particular, ao se rever status de atribuição de valor, a incluir os aferidos na área museal. Analisam-se idas-e-vindas do colonialismo, tema iminente e em ato inicial. Na pandemia da Covid-19, em oposição ao luto estonteante, floreceram ações há muito requeridas em repatriação de obras, reparação de valor, associadas ao refluir de luzes e veto à cultura em presença. Somem-se a estes fatores, a ausência de política eficaz ante a crise, nas várias esferas geopolíticas. Belas falas sobram, sobre combate na crise em inúmeros setores, social/farmaco/sanitário e acerca de metas e apoio escolar. Inclue-se a volta de bens culturais exilados em países expansionistas, cuja antiga musealização se vê abalada por. rogos de muitos países para devolução de tal patrimônio
Causative Variants for Inherited Cardiac Conditions in a Southeast Asian Population Cohort
Authors: Tomar Swati , Klinzing David C. , Chen Ching Kit , Gan Louis Hanqiang , Moscarello Tia , Reuter Chloe , Ashley Euan A. , Foo Roger
Published: February 2022

Background:

Variable penetrance and late-onset phenotypes are key challenges for classifying causal as well as incidental findings in inherited cardiac conditions. Allele frequencies of variants in ancestry-specific populations, along with clinical variant analysis and interpretation, are critical to determine their true significance.

Methods:

Here, we carefully reviewed and classified variants in genes associated with inherited cardiac conditions based on a population whole-genome sequencing cohort of 4810 Singaporeans representing Southeast Asian ancestries.

Results:

Eighty-nine (1.85%) individuals carried either pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants across 25 genes. Forty-six (51.7%) had variants in causal genes for familial hyperlipidemia, but there were also recurrent variants in
SCN5A
and
MYBPC3
, causal genes for inherited arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy, which, despite previous reports, we determined to lack criteria for pathogenicity.

Conclusions:

Our findings highlight the incidence of disease-related variants in inherited cardiac conditions and emphasize the value of large-scale sequencing in specific ancestries. Follow-up detailed phenotyping and analysis of pedigrees are crucial because assigning pathogenicity will significantly affect clinical management for individuals and their family members.
The United Nations International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on Transboundary Aquifers
Authors: Greenop Michael A.
Published: February 2022

Despite being an important source of supply for basic human needs and development, groundwater has been largely out of sight and out of mind. Activities worldwide are rapidly increasing the pressure on this important but invisible resource, causing quantity depletion and quality degradation. A significant development in the process of helping to make groundwater governance visible was the development in 2008 of the United Nations International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on Transboundary Aquifers. This article considers the implications of the Draft Articles from the perspective of international law, reflecting in particular on the overlap with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non- Navigational Uses of International Watercourses, the principle of limited sovereignty in the context of shared groundwater resources and the possible future form of the Draft Articles. It also considers the work of other international institutions which have supported the Commission’s work. This article concludes that the Draft Articles have struck the right balance and have provided an important step forward in helping to make this invisible resource visible in international law. This article has been prepared in anticipation of the 2022 UN World Water Day on ‘Groundwater: Making the Invisible Visible’ and the International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre Groundwater Summit on 22–23 March 2022.
Meteorological Data Policies Needed to Support Biodiversity Monitoring with Weather Radar
Authors: Shamoun-Baranes Judy , Bauer Silke , Chapman Jason W. , Desmet Peter , Dokter Adriaan M. , Farnsworth Andrew , van Gasteren Hans , Haest Birgen , Koistinen Jarmo , Kranstauber Bart , Liechti Felix , H. E. Mason Tom , Nilsson Cecilia , Nussbaumer Raphael , Schmid Baptiste , Weisshaupt Nadja , Leijnse Hidde
Published: February 2022

Weather radar networks have great potential for continuous and long-term monitoring of aerial biodiversity of birds, bats, and insects. Biological data from weather radars can support ecological research, inform conservation policy development and implementation, and increase the public’s interest in natural phenomena such as migration. Weather radars are already used to study animal migration, quantify changes in populations, and reduce aerial conflicts between birds and aircraft. Yet efforts to establish a framework for the broad utilization of operational weather radar for biodiversity monitoring are at risk without suitable data policies and infrastructure in place. In Europe, communities of meteorologists and ecologists have made joint efforts toward sharing and standardizing continent-wide weather radar data. These efforts are now at risk as new meteorological data exchange policies render data useless for biodiversity monitoring. In several other parts of the world, weather radar data are not even available for ecological research. We urge policy makers, funding agencies, and meteorological organizations across the world to recognize the full potential of weather radar data. We propose several actions that would ensure the continued capability of weather radar networks worldwide to act as powerful tools for biodiversity monitoring and research.
Maintenance Mechanisms of the Wintertime Subtropical High over the South Indian Ocean
Authors: Miyamoto Ayumu , Nakamura Hisashi , Miyasaka Takafumi , Kosaka Yu , Taguchi Bunmei , Nishii Kazuaki
Published: February 2022

Climatologically the surface Mascarene high over the subtropical south Indian Ocean (SIO) shifts westward toward austral winter, and its strength as a planetary-wave component maximizes in late austral winter, unlike its counterpart over other subtropical oceans. The present study investigates the maintenance mechanisms for the wintertime Mascarene high with a linear atmospheric dynamical model (LBM) and an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM). The LBM experiments reveal the importance of cross-equatorial tropical influences. Deep convection associated with the Asian summer monsoon acts not only to shift the Mascarene high westward as its direct influence but also to enhance midtropospheric subsidence and equatorward surface winds over the central and western portions of the subtropical SIO. The associated near-surface cold advection and subsidence promote (suppress) the formation of low-level (deep convective) clouds. The resultant enhanced radiative cooling and reduced deep condensation heating both reinforce the equatorward portion of the surface high. The LBM experiments also reveal that seasonally enhanced storm-track activity over the SIO is important for maintaining the poleward portion of the Mascarene high through eddy heat and vorticity fluxes. The AGCM experiments demonstrate that the Agulhas Current system and the associated sea surface temperature (SST) front reinforce the high by energizing the storm-track activity. The present study thus proposes that both the Asian summer monsoon and the enhanced storm-track activity maintained by the Agulhas SST front externally modulate the positively coupled system between the wintertime Mascarene high and low-level clouds to realize its unique seasonality.
A Fast Mean-Preserving Spline for Interpolating Interval Data
Authors: Lai Leo O , Kaplan Jed O.
Published: February 2022

Interpolation of interval data where the mean is preserved, e.g., estimating smoothed, pseudodaily meteorological variables based on monthly means, is a common problem in the geosciences. Existing methods for mean-preserving interpolation are computationally intensive and/or do not readily accommodate bounded interpolation, where the interpolated data cannot exceed a threshold value. Here we present a mean-preserving, continuous, easily implementable, and computationally efficient method for interpolating one-dimensional interval data. Our new algorithm provides a straightforward solution to the interpolation problem by utilizing Hermite cubic splines and midinterval control points to interpolate interval data into smaller partitions. We further include adjustment schemes to restrict the interpolated result to user-specified minimum and maximum bounds. Our method is fast, portable, and broadly applicable to a range of geoscientific data, including interpolating unbounded time series such as mean temperature, and bounded data including mean wind speed or cloud-cover fraction.

Significance Statement

Interpolation is often utilized to mathematically estimate smaller time step values when such data are not readily available, for example, the estimation of daily temperature when only monthly temperature values are available. We propose a novel interpolation method based on linking segments of flexible continuous curves that ensures the average of interpolated result will be the same as the original value, which is important for minimizing interpolation errors. We find that our new method takes significantly less computational time when compared with other existing methods, while retaining a similar degree of precision. Furthermore, we outline an additional procedure for users to specify the minimum and maximum bounds of interpolated results if applicable.
Thoughts of suicide or self-harm among Australian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bismark Marie , Scurrah Katrina , Pascoe Amy , Willis Karen , Jain Ria , Smallwood Natasha
Published: February 2022

Objective:

To identify the prevalence and predictors of (a) thoughts of suicide or self-harm among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) help-seeking among those healthcare workers with thoughts of suicide or self-harm.

Method:

Analysis of data from the Australian COVID-19 Frontline Healthcare Workers Study, an online survey of healthcare workers conducted during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. Outcomes of interest were thoughts of suicide or self-harm as measured through the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression and help-seeking behaviours.

Results:

Overall, 819 (10.5%) of 7795 healthcare workers reported thoughts of suicide or self-harm over a 2-week period. Healthcare workers with these thoughts experienced higher rates of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and burnout than their peers. In multivariable models, the odds of suicide or self-harm thoughts were higher among workers who had friends or family infected with COVID-19 (odds ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence interval = [1.06, 1.47]), were living alone (odds ratio = 1.32, 95% confidence interval = [1.06, 1.64]), younger (⩽30 years cf. >50 years; odds ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval = 1.36-2.13), male (odds ratio = 1.81, 95% confidence interval = [1.49, 2.20]), had increased alcohol use (odds ratio = 1.58, 95% confidence interval = [1.35, 1.86]), poor physical health (odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval = [1.36, 1.92]), increased income worries (odds ratio = 1.81, 95% confidence interval = [1.54, 2.12]) or prior mental illness (odds ratio = 3.27, 95% confidence interval = [2.80, 3.82]). Having dependent children was protective (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval = [0.61, 0.92]). Fewer than half (388/819) of the healthcare workers who reported thoughts of suicide or self-harm sought professional support. Healthcare workers with thoughts of suicide or self-harm were more likely to seek support if they were younger (⩽30 years cf. >50 years; odds ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval = [1.13, 2.82]) or had prior mental health concerns (odds ratio = 4.47, 95% confidence interval = [3.25, 6.14]).

Conclusion:

One in 10 Australian healthcare workers reported thoughts of suicide or self-harm during the pandemic, with certain groups being more vulnerable. Most healthcare workers with thoughts of suicide or self-harm did not seek professional help. Strong and sustained action to protect the safety of healthcare workers, and provide meaningful support, is urgently needed.
Government research institutes in the Italian policy advisory system
Authors: Galanti Maria Tullia , Lippi Andrea
Published: February 2022

In a Napoleonic country such as Italy, ministerial cabinets have traditionally served as central advisors in the politicised policy advisory system (PAS), while evidence-based policy-making has usually been marginal. Nevertheless, recent developments in political systems have pushed for the pluralisation of the Napoleonic PAS toward a stronger demand for scientific and expert advice. Against this backdrop, the role of government research institutes (GRIs) as advisors represents an interesting change that could potentially fuel the development of an evidence-based approach in a period of changing advisory practices. We investigate these developments through a case study concerning 20 Italian GRIs that are engaged as influential advisors or recruited to support implementation through policy work. We obtained evidence through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and a questionnaire administered to the 20 GRIs. The overall picture displays a shift in conceiving policy advice in the political system and opens the door to innovation.

Points for practitioners

Evidence-based policy making is expanding also in countries with scarce policy capacities. Government research institutes may be asked to perform different policy works, including evidence-based advice and also implementation tasks. The financial autonomy and reputation of the government research institute matter for their advisory role. Policy advice is described as the result of the matching between a contingent political demand and the offer of expert knowledge.
Selling ‘New’ China: Marketing and the Unmaking of a Semi-colonial State
Authors: Kelly Jason M.
Published: February 2022

During the 1950s and early 1960s, Chinese communist trade officials used commercial marketing not just to spur trade with foreign capitalists, but also to redefine China’s national identity in the eyes of companies, consumers, and governments outside the socialist bloc. Chinese officials sought to unmake the perception of China as a backward, ‘semi-colonial’ state and to write a narrative of China as a modern, postcolonial member of the postwar international commercial order. This article examines two persistent themes that emerged within ‘new’ China’s commercial narrative of itself. First, Chinese officials developed a story of solidarity with decolonizing states based on the theme of shared oppression at the hands of imperialist aggressors. Second, Chinese officials used commercial marketing to call for open and inclusive trade, regardless of differences in domestic political systems or ideology. By doing so, these officials wrested ‘free trade’ for China’s own use as a cudgel for attacking U.S. sanctions and as a device for framing ‘new’ China as a champion of trade rights for postcolonial states. Both themes reveal how China sought to redefine its image in the eyes of diverse audiences outside the socialist bloc through international commerce.
The psychological impact of COVID-19 on police officers
Authors: Tehrani Noreen
Published: February 2022

Police officers play an important role in protecting the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, their role has posed a serious threat to their physical and psychological health and well-being. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression, PTSD and compassion fatigue in police officers and to identify the factors that predict COVID-19-related physical and mental well-being. As part of a regular health surveillance programme, 3863 police officers recorded their physical exposure to COVID-19 and the extent to which COVID-19 had affected their psychological well-being. The study provides suggestions on developing evidence-based well-being interventions for policing.
“Inextricably Intertwined”: Response to “The Work of Visual Art in Liturgy” by Deborah Sokolove
Authors: McFee Marcia
Published: February 2022

Our ancient ancestors instinctively enacted their stories onto and within walls that resonated with the sound, and reflected the light, of their gatherings. Those of us who care for the liturgical needs of our communities have the same task and, I believe, are instinctively compelled by the same Spirit. We call on all of the senses through every expressive medium we have at our disposal—the arts of color, texture, line, movement, intonation, inflection, crescendo and legato. We curate symbolically-significant occasions and act as prompters for the participation of the people in their ritual art-making. We do it because it is what we have always done, because we can’t not do it, and if we are not doing it, it is because it is being actively suppressed by our own or other's notions about what is “right and good.” The relationship of liturgy and the arts is not primarily a conversation between entities, but an inextricable part of our very anima, our pneuma. The stories handed down to us come alive when we come alive.