bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of spiritual leadership on psychological safety climate and team innovation in consulting teams: the moderating role of occupational self-efficacy
Authors: Arthachinda Panisa , Charoensukmongkol Peerayuth
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study examines the effect of the spiritual leadership of the leaders in a consulting team on psychological safety climate and team innovation. Moreover, our research adopts the contingency theory of leadership to investigate whether the effect of spiritual leadership on psychological safety climate and team innovation could be moderated by personal characteristics of team members in terms of occupational self-efficacy.

Design/methodology/approach

Survey data were obtained from 229 team members across 24 consulting firms in Bangkok. To minimize common method bias, team innovation was assessed by team leaders while other variables were assessed by team members. We used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling to analyze the data.

Findings

The analysis supports the positive effect of spiritual leadership on psychological safety climate and team innovation. Psychological safety climate also mediates the effect of spiritual leadership on team innovation. Lastly, the moderating effect analysis shows that the spiritual leadership of the team leaders exerts a weaker influence on the psychological safety climate and team innovation when team members exhibit high levels of occupational self-efficacy.

Practical implications

Because spiritual leadership plays a significant role in boosting team innovation through the creation of a psychologically safe climate, the consulting firms can provide a leadership development program to help their team leaders to gain insight into the nature of spiritual leadership and learn how to demonstrate appropriate behaviors when they supervise a team. In particular, this policy recommendation is highly relevant when team leaders supervise members who exhibit low occupational self-efficacy.

Originality/value

Our findings not only illustrate that spiritual leadership could enhance team innovation through the mediating role of psychological safety climate, but the level of occupational self-efficacy of the team members could significantly reduce the effects of spiritual leadership on psychological safety climate and team innovation.
Unveiling the mediating mechanisms: service recovery and customer advocacy between app attachment and customers’ responses
Authors: Aureliano-Silva Leonardo , Fu Xiaoxiao , Cobanoglu Cihan , Parvez M. Omar
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the direct impact of app attachment on service recovery and customer advocacy and their combined impact on recommendation and purchase intention. The mediating mechanisms of service recovery and customer advocacy between app attachment and customer responses are also tested in the context of food delivery apps (FDAs).

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing a quantitative approach, the authors surveyed 207 responses from users of FDAs who had experienced service failures. Structural equation modeling in Smart PLS 3.0 was used to analyze the data.

Findings

The results supported direct effects among all constructs in the model. The main contribution of the study confirms the mediating mechanisms of service recovery and customer advocacy between app attachment and customer responses.

Research limitations/implications

Previous studies have mostly relied on the technology acceptance model (TAM). This theory posits that perceived usefulness and ease of use influence the decision of individuals to use a new technology. Although this theory is valuable in terms of accepting new technologies, it neglects psychological phenomena involving the individual and the technological entity – in this case, the FDA. Thus, our study is unique in applying attachment theory and putting emphasis on the importance of building trust in the relationship between FDAs and their customers. Social exchange theory is applied to explain the importance of overcoming the cost of experiencing a failure through service recovery. Thus, we extend the knowledge regarding psychological individual reactions to mobile technologies in the food context, an important sector within the hospitality market.

Practical implications

FDA managers should invest in developing emotional ties with customers. Specific actions include messaging customers on their birthdays or other festive dates. Short testimonial videos on TikTok or other social media with customers advocating in favor of the company could help spread recommendations and the intentions of other customers using the FDAs. To use these practical recommendations properly, we recommend that FDA managers consider the level of quality service recovery delivered and individuals’ cultures, beliefs and values regarding where the company operates to avoid misunderstandings.

Originality/value

This study is original in proposing a model to FDA operators considering app attachment, service recovery, customer advocacy, recommendation and purchase intention. It further supports the mediating effect of service recovery and customer advocacy between app attachment, recommendation and purchase intention on mobile phones.
When personalities collide: examining the impact of consumer and brand personalities’ interplay on brand hate development
Authors: Yadav Abhishek
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to propose and test an appraisal theory-based framework that depicts the impact of negatively valenced brand personality dimensions on brand hate development and the resultant outcomes of non-purchase intention and anti-brand actions. The study also delineates the moderation effect of Big Five consumer personality traits on brand personality-brand hate relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

An international sample of 370 brand haters was collected and analysed with partial least square-based structural equation modelling.

Findings

Both negatively valenced brand personality dimensions of responsibility and activity are significant predictors of brand hate in consumers, and this brand hate leads to outcomes of anti-brand actions and non-purchase intention of consumers. Moderation analysis delineates that the consumer personality trait of neuroticism significantly moderates the relationship between both brand personality dimensions and brand hate. The study also established the importance of national culture in defining consumers’ behavioural intentions.

Originality/value

This study provides a novel appraisal theory-based integrated framework to understand the relationship between cognition of brand personality, brand hate emotional state and behavioural actions of consumers. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to consider the impact of these personality dimensions on brand hate development while assessing the interaction effect of consumer and brand personality dimensions on brand hate development.
Unveiling the Indian REIT narrative-qualitative insights into retail investors’ perspectives
Authors: Swathi G.R. , Uma V.R.
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The present study delves into the causes of relatively lower retail participation in the Indian REIT market. Specifically, it investigates investors' attitudes and perceptions towards REITs as a unique asset class. This paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the perception and factors influencing Indian retail investors' reluctance to participate in the REIT market.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interviews to gather insights from non-investors in REITs. The data were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis techniques. Finally, coding techniques were used to identify broad study themes.

Findings

According to the study results, many retail investors are unfamiliar with REITs. Even among those knowledgeable about REITs and with a favorable view, it is not commonly seen as a feasible investment option due to its early stage, unattractive returns and limited number of REITs.

Practical implications

Developed countries have established REIT markets, while it is still in its infancy in developing countries such as India. Financial advisors, fund houses and the media should focus on educating investors to increase awareness.

Originality/value

The study is the first qualitative investigation into the perception of retail investors to understand the reasons for lower retail engagement in the Indian REIT market.
The role of managerial competencies in managing resources for sustainable development strategy in SMEs
Authors: Sualeh Khattak Muhammad , Wu Qiang , Ahmad Maqsood , Ullah Rizwan
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Grounded in upper echelon (UE) theory, this study aims to examine the role of managerial competencies (business experience, financial literacy and digital literacy) in sustainable development strategy, with resource management as a mediator.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical data collection is conducted through a survey completed by 297 top management teams of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Pakistan. Structural equation modelling in Smart PLS is used to substantiate the hypotheses.

Findings

The findings reveal that financially and digitally literate managers significantly contribute to the sustainable development strategies of SMEs. However, experienced managers do not focus significantly on sustainable development strategies. Resource management partially mediates the nexus between financial literacy and sustainable development strategy, as well as between digital literacy and sustainable development strategy. In contrast, resource management does not mediate the nexus between business experience and sustainable development strategy.

Research limitations/implications

This study recommends that SMEs should prioritize managers with digital and financial literacy over those with experience. SMEs led by a management team with digital and financial literacy are more effective in resource management for sustainable development practices, whereas experienced managers may not significantly prioritize managing resources for sustainability.

Originality/value

While research based on the UE theory significantly contributes to the body of knowledge on sustainable development, the role of managerial competencies, particularly business experience, financial literacy and digital literacy, in sustainable development strategy via resource management is neglected. This research fills this gap in the context of UE theory and thereby enriches the literature.
Extent of alignment between the Australian Dietary Guidelines and the NOVA classification system across the Australian packaged food supply
Authors: Nguyen Hillary , Jones Alexandra , Barrett Eden M. , Shahid Maria , Gaines Allison , Hu Monica , Pettigrew Simone , Wu Jason H. Y. , Coyle Daisy H.
Published: May 2024

Aims

The Australian Dietary Guidelines are currently being revised and ultra‐processed foods have been identified as a high priority action area. To better understand how well the current Dietary Guidelines align with level of processing classifications, the aim of this study was to assess the alignment between the Australian Dietary Guidelines and the NOVA classification system for classifying the healthiness of packaged foods.

Methods

Data were sourced from the Australian FoodSwitch dataset, which included 28 071 packaged food and beverage products available in major Australian supermarkets in 2022. Products were classified as (i) core or discretionary (Australian Dietary Guidelines) and (ii) non‐ultra‐processed or ultra‐processed (NOVA). Agreement between the two systems (core vs. non‐ultra‐processed and discretionary vs. ultra‐processed) was evaluated using the kappa statistic.

Results

There was ‘moderate’ agreement (κ = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.40–0.42) between the Australian Dietary Guidelines and the NOVA system, with 69.8% of products aligned across the two systems. Alignment was more common for discretionary foods (80.6% were ultra‐processed) than core foods (59.9% aligned were not‐ultra‐processed). Food categories exhibiting the strongest levels of alignment included confectionary, foods for specific dietary use, and egg and egg products. Discordance was most common for convenience foods, sugars, honey and related products, and cereal and grain products.

Conclusions

Despite moderate alignment between the Australian Dietary Guidelines and NOVA, the discordance observed for almost one‐third of products highlights the opportunity to develop recommendations for ultra‐processed foods within the guidelines to advise Australians how these foods should be considered as part of a healthy diet.
Using lineups to evaluate goodness of fit of animal movement models
Authors: Fieberg John , Freeman Smith , Signer Johannes
Published: May 2024

Movement models are frequently fit to animal location data to understand how individuals respond to and interact with local environmental features. Several open‐source software packages are available for analysing animal movements and can facilitate parameter estimation, yet there are relatively few methods available for evaluating model goodness of fit.

We describe how a simple graphical technique, the lineup protocol, can be used to evaluate goodness of fit of integrated step‐selection analyses and hidden Markov models, but the method can be applied much more broadly. We leverage the ability to simulate data from fitted models and demonstrate the approach using both an integrated step‐selection analysis and a hidden Markov model applied to fisher (Pekania pennanti) data.

A variety of responses and movement metrics can be used to evaluate models, and the lineup protocol can be tailored to focus on specific model assumptions or movement features that are of primary interest. Although it is possible to evaluate statistical significance using a formal hypothesis test, the method can also be used in a more exploratory fashion (e.g. to explore variability in model behaviour across stochastic simulations or to identify areas where the model could be improved).

We provide coded examples and vignettes to demonstrate the flexibility of the approach. We encourage movement ecologists to consider how their models will be applied when choosing appropriate graphical responses for evaluating goodness of fit.
Transcriptional signatures of fentanyl use in the mouse ventral tegmental area
Authors: Fox Megan E. , Montemarano Annalisa , Ostman Alexandria E. , Basu Mahashweta , Herb Brian , Ament Seth A. , Fox Logan D.
Published: May 2024

Synthetic opioids such as fentanyl contribute to the vast majority of opioid‐related overdose deaths, but fentanyl use remains broadly understudied. Like other substances with misuse potential, opioids cause lasting molecular adaptations to brain reward circuits, including neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The VTA contains numerous cell types that play diverse roles in opioid use and relapse; however, it is unknown how fentanyl experience alters the transcriptional landscape in specific subtypes. Here, we performed single nuclei RNA sequencing to study transcriptional programs in fentanyl‐experienced mice. Male and female C57/BL6 mice self‐administered intravenous fentanyl (1.5 μg/kg/infusion) or saline for 10 days. After 24 h abstinence, VTA nuclei were isolated and prepared for sequencing on the 10× platform. We identified different patterns of gene expression across cell types. In dopamine neurons, we found enrichment of genes involved in growth hormone signalling. In dopamine‐glutamate‐GABA combinatorial neurons, and some GABA neurons, we found enrichment of genes involved in Pi3k‐Akt signalling. In glutamate neurons, we found enrichment of genes involved in cholinergic signalling. We identified transcriptional regulators for the differentially expressed genes in each neuron cluster, including downregulated transcriptional repressor Bcl6, and upregulated transcription factor Tcf4. We also compared the fentanyl‐induced gene expression changes identified in mouse VTA with a published rat dataset in bulk VTA, and found overlap in genes related to GABAergic signalling and extracellular matrix interaction. Together, we provide a comprehensive picture of how fentanyl self‐administration alters the transcriptional landscape of the mouse VTA that serves as the foundation for future mechanistic studies.
Policy Advice and Decolonisation in Papua New Guinea
Authors: MacWilliam Scott
Published: May 2024

This essay examines a moment in Papua New Guinea's history when international advice about the country's future had particular weight. In placing rural areas and populations at the centre of policy prescriptions, the advice fitted neatly with the ambitions of the Indigenous politicians and business people who were taking hold of and shaping state power. Whether the outcome, an independent nation‐state following a policy direction which intended to keep the bulk of the population in the countryside, could reverse the unemployment and disorder which had appeared during late colonialism remained to be seen.
Improving access to psychological intervention in low‐middle income settings: Results from a waitlist‐controlled, proof‐of‐concept trial of the MemFlex intervention for trauma‐exposed Afghan youth
Authors: Mirabolfathi Vida , Choobin Mohammad H. , Moradi Ali Reza , Sanambari Fatemeh , Naeini Shahryar , Mahdavi Mohamad , Hitchcock Caitlin
Published: May 2024

Background

Low‐intensity interventions targeting a range of mental health issues offer a scalable approach for young trauma survivors in low‐middle income countries.

Aims

Here, we present results from a proof‐of‐concept, randomized, waitlist‐controlled trial evaluating MemFlex, an autobiographical memory‐based intervention, for trauma‐exposed Afghan youth residing in Iran. MemFlex seeks to reduce the negative and overgeneral memory biases which maintain and predict poor mental health.

Materials and Methods

Young people aged 12–18 years (N = 40) with parents who had experienced forced migration from Afghanistan were recruited from high schools in Karaj City in Iran. All had experienced a traumatic event in the last year. Participants were randomized to receive four weeks of a group‐based delivery of MemFlex or Waitlist. Our primary cognitive outcome was autobiographical memory flexibility, that is, the ability to deliberately retrieve any memory type on demand. Primary clinical outcome was emotional distress, measured on the Farsi version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist.

Results

Results indicated that MemFlex participants demonstrated large effect sizes for pre‐to‐post improvement in memory flexibility (d = 2.04) and emotional distress (d = 1.23). These improvements were significantly larger than Waitlist (ds < .49), and were maintained at three‐month follow‐up.

Discussion

Positive benefits were observed for completion of MemFlex, and future comparison against an active intervention appears warranted.

Conclusion

Further evaluation of MemFlex in this context may offer a low‐cost, and low‐resource intervention to improve access to psychological intervention for young migrants in low‐middle income countries.
Comparing quality and engagement in face‐to‐face and online teacher professional development
Authors: Mulaimović Nina , Richter Eric , Lazarides Rebecca , Richter Dirk
Published: May 2024

In order for teachers to successfully gain new knowledge during professional development (PD), courses must be of high quality and stimulate active involvement from participants. More and more PD courses are taking place online, without clear evidence of whether face‐to‐face and online courses differ in terms of their quality or level of participants' engagement. The present study investigates differences between face‐to‐face and online PD with respect to certain quality characteristics: clarity and structure, cognitive activation, collaboration and practical relevance, as well as participants' behavioural, cognitive and affective engagement. The study is based on 2210 teachers from Germany who participated in 1 of 137 face‐to‐face or 54 online PD courses. Although participants rated face‐to‐face and online courses very positively regarding all quality characteristics and engagement dimensions, they evaluated online courses slightly less favourably compared to face‐to‐face courses. Implications for practice and research are derived to help ensure high‐quality PD offerings in the future.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

Face‐to‐face and online PD have the potential to be similarly effective.

PD quality and participants' engagement can be assumed to be predictors of PD effectiveness.

PD quality contains clarity and structure, cognitive activation, collaboration and practical relevance.

Engagement is a three‐dimensional construct composed of behavioural, cognitive and affective components.

What this paper adds

PD quality was rated very positively for online and face‐to‐face courses.

Participants rated the quality of online PD lower compared to face‐to‐face PD.

Participants rated their engagement in online PD lower compared to face‐to‐face PD.

Implications for practice and/or policy

PD format should always be chosen with which a higher benefit can be achieved.

Quality assurance should take place before PD is conducted.
Atrial arrhythmias following CAR‐chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy: Incidence, risk factors and biomarker profile
Authors: Shouval Roni , Goldman Adam , Flynn Jessica R. , El‐Moghraby Ahmed , Rehman Mahin , Devlin Sean M. , Corona Magdalena , Landego Ivan , Lin Richard J. , Scordo Michael , Raj Sandeep S. , Giralt Sergio A. , Palomba M. Lia , Dahi Parastoo B. , Walji Moneeza , Salles Gilles , Nath Karthik , Geyer Mark B. , Park Jae H. , Fein Joshua A. , Kosmidou Ioanna , Shah Gunjan L. , Liu Jennifer E. , Perales Miguel‐Angel , Mahmood Syed S.
Published: May 2024

Recent reports have raised concerns about the association of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR‐T) with non‐negligible cardiotoxicity, particularly atrial arrhythmias. First, we conducted a pharmacovigilance study to assess the reporting of atrial arrhythmias following CD19‐directed CAR‐T. Subsequently, to determine the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of atrial arrhythmias post‐CAR‐T, we compiled a retrospective single‐centre cohort of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Only commercial CAR‐T products were considered. Atrial arrhythmias were nearly fourfold more likely to be reported after CAR‐T therapy compared to all other cancer patients in the FAERS (adjusted ROR = 3.76 [95% CI 2.67–5.29]). Of the 236 patients in our institutional cohort, 23 (10%) developed atrial arrhythmias post‐CAR‐T, including 12 de novo arrhythmias, with most (83%) requiring medical intervention. Atrial arrhythmias frequently co‐occurred with cytokine release syndrome and were associated with higher post‐CAR‐T infusion peak levels of IL‐10, TNF‐alpha and LDH, and lower trough levels of fibrinogen. In a multivariable analysis, risk factors for atrial arrhythmia were history of atrial arrhythmia (OR = 6.80 [2.39–19.6]) and using CAR‐T product with a CD28‐costimulatory domain (OR = 5.17 [1.72–18.6]). Atrial arrhythmias following CD19‐CAR‐T therapy are prevalent and associated with elevated inflammatory biomarkers, a history of atrial arrhythmia and the use of a CAR‐T product with a CD28 costimulatory domain.
Catching but a glimpse?—Navigating crowdsourced solution spaces with transformer‐based language models
Authors: Just Julian , Hutter Katja , Füller Johann
Published: May 2024

Current approaches for identifying valuable content among the multitude of solutions in crowdsourcing contests are resource‐intensive and constrained by human processing capacity. As idea convergence processes usually focus on filtering out single ideas, the potential of solution‐related knowledge among the heterogeneous ideas is not exploited in a sustainable manner. Transformer‐based language models can process large sets of idea descriptions into digestible structures, with unprecedented capabilities for understanding and manipulating text. This study explores how they can help organizations and decision‐makers navigate crowdsourced solution spaces efficiently and comprehensively. Inspired by theoretical concepts around problem‐solving and innovation search, we conceptualize three related search practices—direct search, cluster exploration and pattern discovery—and illustrate them on 289 crowdsourced ideas for future mobility and energy services. Direct search can assist in identifying solutions that match pressing needs or subproblems. Cluster exploration enables aggregating semantically similar ideas into clusters to identify relevant needs. Pattern discovery synthesizes themes and interrelations to build a holistic understanding of potential solutions. The study contributes to the application of AI‐assisted idea convergence by adding a new perspective beyond filtering out a few promising ideas.
Proliferating inverted follicular keratosis of genital skin: Case series of a challenging variant
Authors: Huang Chelsea , Runge Mason , Hrycaj Steven M. , Harms Paul W. , Fullen Douglas R. , Chan May P.
Published: May 2024

Background

Inverted follicular keratosis (IFK) is a benign cutaneous epithelial tumor typically presenting as a small papule on the head and neck. We have encountered deep endophytic tumors on genital skin with some characteristics of IFK but also atypical features, raising concern for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods

Four such tumors were identified in our database. Histopathologic analysis and ancillary studies were performed.

Results

All patients were young women who presented with a solitary 0.5–1.0 cm lesion on the vulva, perineum, or inner buttock. Each showed a squamous proliferation arising from the epidermis, with endophytic growth that was deep and bulbous but not infiltrative. The tumor lobules contained eosinophilic keratinocytes, forming numerous squamous eddies. Small irregular spaces and dyskeratotic cells were frequently found. Nuclear pleomorphism was minimal to absent. All demonstrated wild‐type p53 expression and lack of p16 block positivity. In situ hybridizations for human papillomavirus were negative. None of the three cases with follow‐up data showed evidence of recurrence.

Conclusions

The absence of infiltrative growth or significant pleomorphism, the presence of numerous squamous eddies, the reassuring immunoprofile, and the lack of evidence of recurrence support a variant of IFK and speak against SCC. We propose the term “proliferating IFK” to highlight the florid squamous proliferation. Recognition of this unusual variant would avoid overdiagnosis of SCC.
Symbiont infection and psyllid haplotype influence phenotypic plasticity during host switching events
Authors: Gebiola Marco , Mauck Kerry E.
Published: May 2024

Many herbivorous insect species exhibit phenotypic plasticity when using multiple hosts, which facilitates survival in heterogeneous host environments. Physiological host acclimation is an important part of it, yet the effects of host acclimation on insect feeding behaviour are not well studied, particularly for insect vectors of plant pathogens.

We studied the combined effects of host acclimation and infection with a plant pathogenic symbiont on feeding behaviour of Bactericera cockerelli, an oligophagous psyllid widespread in both crop and natural habitats that feed primarily on Solanaceae and transmit an economically important plant pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso).

We used a factorial design and the electrical penetration graphing technique to disentangle the effects of host acclimation, CLso infection and psyllid haplotype on the within‐plant feeding behaviour of B. cockerelli during conspecific and heterospecific host switches. This approach allows to connect phenotypic plasticity with the role of B. cockerelli as a vector by quantifying the frequency and duration of behaviours involved in CLso transmission.

We found significant reductions in multiple metrics of B. cockerelli feeding efficiency, exacerbated by infection with CLso, which could lead to reduced transmission of this pathogen. Psyllid genotype was also important; the Central haplotype exhibited less dramatic changes in feeding efficiency than the Western haplotype during heterospecific host switches.

Our study shows that host acclimation and heterospecific host switching directly alter feeding behaviours underlying pathogen transmission, and that the magnitude of feeding efficiency reductions depends on both host genotype and infection status.
2023 NCME Presidential Address: Some Musings on Comparable Scores
Authors: Harris Deborah J.
Published: May 2024

This article is based on my 2023 NCME Presidential Address, where I talked a bit about my journey into the profession, and more substantively about comparable scores. Specifically, I discussed some of the different ways ‘comparable scores’ are defined, highlighted some areas I think we as a profession need to pay more attention to when considering score comparability, and emphasized that comparability in this context is a matter of degree which varies according to the decisions we plan to make on particular scores.
Complete abdominal wall rupture in a late‐term pregnant mare with pre‐existing prepubic tendon rupture
Authors: Timmins Jessica , Ruby Rebecca , Wong David , Galow Nyomi , Gillen Alex
Published: May 2024

A 15‐year‐old multiparous Quarter Horse mare with a pre‐existing (>1 year) prepubic tendon rupture was presented pregnant (approximately 310 days gestation) with mild signs of generalised discomfort and an advanced degree of cervical relaxation. The foal was declared to be the priority in an emergency situation; therefore, intravenous dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg bwt i.v. q24h) was administered in an attempt to mature the fetus in case urgent induction of parturition was required. Within 36 h of admission, the mare developed a complete rupture of the caudoventral body wall and skin, from the anus to the cranial aspect of the mammary gland. Because eventration had occurred, the mare underwent immediate euthanasia and terminal caesarean section via a modified approach. The colt foal was euthanised on humane grounds, due to an inability to breathe without a ventilator, following 72 h of intensive care. Rebreeding mares with prepubic tendon rupture is not recommended, this case report presents important evidence that rebreeding mares with this condition can have fatal consequences.
Effect of corrosion pit on fatigue damage and failure in powder bed fusion AlSi10Mg
Authors: Song Haipeng , Liang Rubi , Jiang Sheng , Zhang Hao , Du Juan , Li Dinghe , Zhang Qian , Leen Sean B.
Published: May 2024

This paper is concerned with environmental corrosion during service of load‐bearing aluminum alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) with a focus on damage evolution characterization and identification of dominated failure mechanisms of pre‐corroded selective laser melted aluminum alloy. An experimental strategy for analysis of the damage and failure process is presented, combining 3D surface measurement, 3D digital image correlation, and scanning electron microscopy, to provide a multi‐source experimental characterization of corrosion morphology, strain field evolution, and fracture morphology. Statistics and machine learning methods were employed to process the measured multi‐source experimental data, showing that local average roughness has a strong influence on macro‐crack initiation position. The analysis focuses on four primary types of fatigue micro‐crack initiation, namely, internal defect, diffuse corrosion, corrosion micro‐pit, and corrosion jut; internal defect and diffuse corrosion are unique features for powder bed fusion (PBF) AlSi10Mg. The micro‐crack initiation mechanisms for all four types are (i) local stress concentrations due to adjacent material micro‐structural defects, (ii) interaction of underlying alloy microstructure and corrosion‐induced stress/strain, and (iii) local stress/strain concentration at corrosion micro‐pit and jut, respectively.
Using deep learning method to predict dimensionless values of stress intensity factors and T‐stress of edge notch disk bend (ENDB) specimen
Authors: Hassani Niaki Mostafa , Pashaian Matin
Published: May 2024

A deep learning (DL) approach is implemented to determine the dimensionless stress intensity factors of mode‐I (YI) and mode‐III (YIII), as well as the normalized T‐stress (T*) of the edge notch disk bend specimen. The deep neural network (DNN) method as the DL approach is used to model the relationship between the geometry parameters of the specimen a/t, S/R, and β as inputs, and YI, YIII, and T* as output variables. To this end, three datasets consisting of 176, 176, and 123 finite element method data points from the previous studies are extracted for YI, YIII, and T*, respectively. The developed DNN models predicted the YI, YIII, and T* with correlations of 0.97003, 0.96918, and 0.97047, respectively. Then partial dependence plot is performed to determine the relationship between YI, YIII, and T* and the geometry parameters, which is useful in predicting and optimizing YI, YIII, and T*.
Emotional labour in nursing research: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Yangchun , Zhang Li , Huang Xihua , Cao Hengchang , Ma Na , Wang Pengcheng , Ji Xueli
Published: May 2024

Aim

This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the trajectory and thematic developments of emotional labour research in nursing.

Design

Utilizing descriptive and bibliometric analysis techniques.

Methods

The data analysis and graphical presentation were conducted using the Bibliometrix Package in R software.

Data Sources

The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched on October 20, 2023.

Results

From 1992 to 2023, 842 authors published relevant articles, yielding 779 author keywords. There has been a general upward trend in the number of articles published over the past 30 years, with an annual growth rate of 11.71%. Keyword co‐occurrence cluster analysis revealed the main focus areas of research on emotional labour antecedents and consequences, regulatory modalities, training and education, as well as research methods and application scenarios.

Conclusion

Emotional labour significantly influences nursing staff's well‐being and patient care outcomes. Effective management and education regarding emotional labour are crucial for enhancing nursing staff performance and patient care quality. Future research should focus on long‐term effects, training efficacy, regulatory strategies across clinical settings, and innovative approaches to address current challenges.

Impact

This study provides valuable insights into the unique trajectory and thematic developments of emotional labour research in nursing. The findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional labour in nursing practice and education to improve patient care outcomes and nursing staff well‐being.

Reporting Method

Adherence to recognized bibliometric reporting methods, following relevant EQUATOR guidelines.

No Patient or Public Contribution

This study is based solely on existing literature and did not involve patients or the public in its design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, or preparation.
Cheating behaviour in online exams: On the role of needs, conceptions and reasons of university students
Authors: Rüth Marco , Jansen Maria , Kaspar Kai
Published: May 2024

Background

Online exams have become a more common form of assessment at universities due to the Covid‐19 pandemic. However, cheating behaviour in online exams is widespread and threatens exam validity as well as student learning and well‐being.

Objective

To better understand the role of university students' needs, conceptions and reasons regarding cheating in online exams.

Methods

In Study 1, we used four pairs of contrasting online exam scenarios to explore the impact of addressing students' needs on their cheating intention. In Study 2, we examined how students' conceptions of online exams are related to their cheating behaviour. In Study 3, we asked students to name their most important reasons for and against cheating in past online exams. All studies were conducted online and are based on a convenience sample of 339 students from universities in Germany.

Results and Conclusions

First, students were less likely to cheat when they expected exam content relevant to their future profession, exam tasks relevant to their future professional life and detailed feedback on their performance. Second, most students' conceptions of online exams were related to their cheating intention and behaviour, whereas the conceptions that online exams support teaching, promote collaboration and impair learning were of relatively high importance. Third, most important reasons for cheating included the relevance of grades and the unfairness of exams, and most important reasons against cheating included moral standards and values as well as the fear of consequences.

Implications

Addressing students' needs and considering their conceptions and reasons could be a learner‐centred approach to decrease cheating behaviour.
A Nonparametric Composite Group DIF Index for Focal Groups Stemming from Multicategorical Variables
Authors: Huggins‐Manley Corinne , Raborn Anthony W. , Jones Peggy K. , Myers Ted
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop a nonparametric DIF method that (a) compares focal groups directly to the composite group that will be used to develop the reported test score scale, and (b) allows practitioners to explore for DIF related to focal groups stemming from multicategorical variables that constitute a small proportion of the overall testing population. We propose the nonparametric root expected proportion squared difference (REPSD) index that evaluates the statistical significance of composite group DIF for relatively small focal groups stemming from multicategorical focal variables, with decisions of statistical significance based on quasi‐exact p values obtained from Monte Carlo permutations of the DIF statistic under the null distribution. We conduct a simulation to evaluate conditions under which the index produces acceptable Type I error and power rates, as well as an application to a school district assessment. Practitioners can calculate the REPSD index in a freely available package we created in the R environment.
Expanding the Lognormal Response Time Model Using Profile Similarity Metrics to Improve the Detection of Anomalous Testing Behavior
Authors: Hurtz Gregory M. , Mucino Regi
Published: May 2024

The Lognormal Response Time (LNRT) model measures the speed of test‐takers relative to the normative time demands of items on a test. The resulting speed parameters and model residuals are often analyzed for evidence of anomalous test‐taking behavior associated with fast and poorly fitting response time patterns. Extending this model, we demonstrate the connection between the existing LNRT model parameters and the “level” component of profile similarity, and we define two new parameters for the LNRT model representing profile “dispersion” and “shape.” We show that while the LNRT model measures level (speed), profile dispersion and shape are conflated in model residuals, and that distinguishing them provides meaningful and useful parameters for identifying anomalous testing behavior. Results from data in a situation where many test‐takers gained preknowledge of test items revealed that profile shape, not currently measured in the LNRT model, was the most sensitive response time index to the abnormal test‐taking behavior patterns. Results strongly support expanding the LNRT model to measure not only each test‐taker's level of speed, but also the dispersion and shape of their response time profiles.
Cross‐cultural validation and formulation of key evidence‐based back pain messages for Zambian nurses
Authors: Nkhata Loveness A. , Brink Yolandi , Ernstzen Dawn , Louw Quinette A.
Published: May 2024

Rationale

Workplace attitudes among nurses with back pain disability are usually unsupportive as nurses tend to rely on passive approaches like pain medications and taking sick leave to manage the impact of their back pain experiences.

Aims and Objectives

To lessen the burden of back pain disability, this paper aimed to collate information from publicly accessible health resources such as posters, pamphlets, and electronic resources and cross‐culturally validate this information for nurses in Zambia.

Methods

Focus group discussions were used to produce the validation data for this study's qualitative research design. For cross‐cultural validation, deductive analysis was carried out using Herdman's framework for Conceptual Equivalence, Item Equivalence, and Semantic Equivalence.

Results and Conclusion

The 14 messages on back pain given to the participants were reviewed to enhance clarity, applicability, and acceptability. Messages with similar meanings were merged, reducing the total number to 7. The revisions made to the 14 back pain messages aimed to improve understanding, acceptability, and relevance within the contexts and circumstances in which nurses' practice. This is important because the messages adapted for use in low‐ and middle‐income countries like Zambia are equivalent and applicable to those originally developed in high‐income countries.
Reply to: Comment on: Malnutrition in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Brinza Ellen , Flint Kelsey
Published: May 2024

This letter comments on the letter by May in this issue.
US neonatal intensive care unit registered dietitian nutritionists salary description and correlates: results of a survey
Authors: Hand Rosa K. , Merlino Barr Stephanie , Fenton Tanis R. , Groh‐Wargo Sharon
Published: May 2024

Background

This survey described the compensation of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in the United States and examined correlates of higher salaries within this group.

Methods

A cross‐sectional online survey was completed in 2021 by 143 NICU RDNs from 127 US hospitals who reported hourly wage in US dollars (USD). We used initial bivariate analyses to assess the relationship of selected institution‐level and individual‐level variables to hourly wage; the rank‐sum test for binary variables; bivariate regression and Pearson correlation coefficients for continuous variables; the Kruskal–Wallis test for categorical variables. Variables with a compelling relationship to the hourly wage outcome were considered in model creation. Final model selection was based on comparisons of model fit.

Results

Median hourly compensation was USD 33.24 (interquartile range [IQR] 29.81, 38.49). Seven variables had a compelling bivariate relationship with hourly wage: cost of living, employer facility with a paediatric residency, employer facility with a neonatal fellowship, NICU bed: full‐time equivalents (FTE) RDN ratio, years in neonatal nutrition, having a certification and order writing privileges. In the final adjusted model (R2 = 0.42), three variables remained associated with increased hourly wage: higher cost of living, longer length of career in neonatal nutrition and fewer NICU beds per NICU RDN FTE.

Conclusions

US NICU RDNs earn similar or slightly higher wages than other US paediatric RDNs; they earn substantially less than other NICU healthcare team members. Employers need to improve compensation for NICU RDNs to incentivise their retention and recognise their additional non‐clinical responsibilities.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting high‐burnout risk in nurses
Authors: Ning Meng , Chen Zengyu , Yang Jiaxin , Li Xuting , Yu Qiang , Huang Chongmei , Li Yamin , Tian Yusheng
Published: May 2024

Aim

To develop a predictive model for high‐burnout of nurses.

Design

A cross‐sectional study.

Methods

This study was conducted using an online survey. Data were collected by the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (CMBI‐GS) and self‐administered questionnaires that included demographic, behavioural, health‐related, and occupational variables. Participants were randomly divided into a development set and a validation set. In the development set, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with high‐burnout risk, and a nomogram was constructed based on significant contributing factors. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical practicability of the nomogram were evaluated in both the development and validation sets using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Hosmer–Lemeshow test, and decision curve analysis, respectively. Data analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software.

Results

A total of 2750 nurses from 23 provinces of mainland China responded, with 1925 participants (70%) in a development set and 825 participants (30%) in a validation set. Workplace violence, shift work, working time per week, depression, stress, self‐reported health, and drinking were significant contributors to high‐burnout risk and a nomogram was developed using these factors. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve of the model was 0.808 in the development set and 0.790 in the validation set. The nomogram demonstrated a high net benefit in the clinical decision curve in both sets.

Conclusion

This study has developed and validated a predictive nomogram for identifying high‐burnout in nurses.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

The nomogram conducted by our study will assist nursing managers in identifying at‐high‐risk nurses and understanding related factors, helping them implement interventions early and purposefully.

Reporting Method

The study adhered to the relevant EQUATOR reporting guidelines: TRIPOD Checklist for Prediction Model Development and Validation.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.
Prevalence and risk factors for gingivitis in a cohort of UK companion cats aged up to 6 years
Authors: Williams J. L. , Roberts C. , Harley R. , Gruffydd‐Jones T. J. , Murray J. K.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Prospectively collected data were used to estimate the prevalence of gingivitis in a cohort of companion cats aged up to 6 years and to investigate factors associated with the risk of gingivitis in cats aged 3 to 4 years.

Materials and Methods

Data were obtained from a longitudinal study of domestic cats (the Bristol Cats Study), using owner‐completed questionnaires and veterinary surgeon‐completed oral health scores. Prevalence estimates of veterinary‐reported gingivitis for cats aged up to 6 years old (n = 1534) were calculated for different age groups. Cat signalment, diet and dental care were assessed for association with gingivitis in cats aged 3 to 4 years (n = 317) using univariable and multiple logistic regression.

Results

The prevalence of gingivitis increased with age and ranged from 24.5% (<12 months old) to 56.3% (5 to 6 years old). Odds of gingivitis in cats aged 3 to 4 years were higher in cats fed a wet only or mixed wet/dry diet compared to dry only (odds ratio: 2.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.4 to 5.1), cats not reported to hunt compared to reported hunters (odds ratio: 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 4.2), cats reported to dribble whilst being stroked at age 6 months compared to reported non‐dribblers (odds ratio: 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.3 to 8.4) and cats with orange variants in their coat colour compared to non‐orange cats (odds ratio: 2.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 5.3).

Clinical Significance

These results will help veterinary surgeons identify cats that may be at a greater risk of gingivitis and provide an evidence base to inform dietary and oral healthcare recommendations aimed at promoting gingival health in cats.