bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concentration, source and deposition flux of ammonium and nitrate in atmospheric particles during dust events at a coastal site in northern China
Authors: Qi Jianhua , Liu Xiaohuan , Yao Xiaohong , Zhang Ruifeng , Chen Xiaojing , Lin Xuehui , Gao Huiwang , Liu Ruhai
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Asian dust has been reported to carry anthropogenic reactive nitrogen during transport from source areas to the oceans. In this study, we attempted to characterize NH4+ and NO3− in atmospheric particles collected at a coastal site in northern China during spring dust events from 2008 to 2011. Based on the mass concentrations of NH4+ and NO3− in each total suspended particle (TSP) sample, the samples can be classified into increasing or decreasing types. In Category 1, the concentrations of NH4+ and NO3− were 20–440 % higher in dust day samples relative to samples collected immediately before or after a dust event. These concentrations decreased by 10–75 % in the dust day samples in Categories 2 and 3. Back trajectory analysis suggested that multiple factors, such as the transport distance prior to the reception site, the mixing layer depth on the transport route and the residence time across highly polluted regions, might affect the concentrations of NH4+ and NO3−. NH4+ in the dust day samples was likely either in the form of ammonium salts existing separately to dust aerosols or as the residual of incomplete reactions between ammonium salts and carbonate salts. NO3− in the dust day samples was attributed to various formation processes during the long-range transport. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model results showed that the contribution of soil dust increased from 23 to 36 % on dust days, with decreasing contributions from local anthropogenic inputs and associated secondary aerosols. The estimated deposition flux of NNH4++NO3− varied greatly from event to event; e.g., the dry deposition flux of NNH4++NO3− increased by 9–285 % in Category 1 but decreased by 46–73 % in Category 2. In Category 3, the average dry deposition fluxes of particulate nitrate and ammonium decreased by 46 % and increased by 10 %, respectively, leading to 11–48 % decrease in the fluxes of NNH4++NO3−.
The operational cloud retrieval algorithms from TROPOMI on board Sentinel-5 Precursor
Authors: Loyola Diego G. , Gimeno García Sebastián , Lutz Ronny , Argyrouli Athina , Romahn Fabian , Spurr Robert J. D. , Pedergnana Mattia , Doicu Adrian , Molina García Víctor , Schüssler Olena
Published: January 2018

Abstract. This paper presents the operational cloud retrieval algorithms for
the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on board the European Space
Agency Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) mission scheduled for launch in 2017. Two algorithms working in tandem are used for retrieving cloud properties:
OCRA (Optical Cloud Recognition Algorithm) and ROCINN (Retrieval of Cloud
Information using Neural Networks). OCRA retrieves the cloud fraction using
TROPOMI measurements in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible (VIS) spectral regions, and ROCINN retrieves the
cloud top height (pressure) and optical thickness (albedo) using TROPOMI
measurements in and around the oxygen A-band in the near infrared (NIR). Cloud parameters from TROPOMI/S5P will be used not only for enhancing the
accuracy of trace gas retrievals but also for extending the satellite data
record of cloud information derived from oxygen A-band measurements, a record
initiated with the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) on board the second European Remote-Sensing Satellite (ERS-2) over 20 years ago. The OCRA and ROCINN algorithms are integrated in the S5P operational
processor UPAS (Universal Processor for UV/VIS/NIR Atmospheric
Spectrometers), and we present here UPAS cloud results using the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and GOME-2
measurements. In addition, we examine anticipated challenges for the
TROPOMI/S5P cloud retrieval algorithms, and we discuss the future validation
needs for OCRA and ROCINN.
Pulsating aurora and cosmic noise absorption associated with growth-phase arcs
Authors: McKay Derek , Partamies Noora , Vierinen Juha
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The initial stage of a magnetospheric substorm is the growth phase, which
typically lasts 1–2 h. During the growth phase, an equatorward moving,
east–west extended, optical auroral arc is observed. This is called a
growth-phase arc. This work aims to characterize the optical emission and
riometer absorption signatures associated with growth-phase arcs of isolated
substorms. This is done using simultaneous all-sky camera and imaging
riometer observations. The optical and riometric observations allow
determination of the location of the precipitation within growth-phase arcs
of low- (<10  keV) and high- (> 10 keV) energy electrons,
respectively. The observations indicate that growth-phase arcs have the
following characteristics:
The peak of the cosmic noise
absorption (CNA) arc is equatorward of the optical emission arc. This CNA is
contained within the region of diffuse aurora on the equatorward side. Optical pulsating aurora are seen in the border region between the diffuse
emission region on the equatorward side and the bright growth-phase arc on
the poleward side. CNA is detected in the same region. There is no
evidence of pulsations in the CNA. Once the equatorward drift starts, it
proceeds at constant speed, with uniform separation between the growth-phase
arc and CNA of 40±10 km.
Optical pulsating aurora are known to be prominent in the post-onset phase of
a substorm. The fact that pulsations are also seen in a fairly localized
region during the growth phase shows that the substorm expansion-phase
dynamics are not required to closely precede the pulsating aurora. Keywords. Ionosphere (auroral ionosphere)
Identification and classification of urban micro-vulnerabilities in
tsunami evacuation routes for the city of Iquique, Chile
Authors: Álvarez Gonzalo , Quiroz Marco , León Jorge , Cienfuegos Rodrigo
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Many coastal cities around the world are threatened by tsunamis; some of these events have caused great impacts in recent times. The loss of human lives is the main cause of concern of the authorities, and evacuation planning has been recognized as one of the best tools for safeguarding the population. In this context, urban design appears to be critical for the execution of prompt and efficient evacuation processes to safe areas; however, evacuation assessment has been traditionally carried out at a large urban scale, mostly taking into consideration urban morphology and connectivity. In the present work, urban spaces available for tsunami evacuation are explored in detail by developing a methodology to identify and classify urban micro-vulnerabilities that may reduce the capacity of the evacuation routes and hinder evacuees’ safety. The method is applied to the Chilean city of Iquique, affected by an earthquake and subsequent tsunami in 2014.
Análise das políticas institucionais de catalogação em bibliotecas de ensino superior de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina, Brasil)
Authors: Espíndola Priscilla Lüdtke , Pereira Ana Maria
Published: January 2018

Objetivo. A presente pesquisa possui como objetivo geral verificar se as Bibliotecas de Ensino Superior (BES), situadas no município de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina, Brasil), possuem políticas institucionais formalizadas para guiar seus processos de catalogação.Método. A metodologia empregada foi de caráter exploratório, do tipo documental, com abordagem qualiquantitativa. Para coleta de dados, foram realizados o levantamento em sites institucionais e a investigação nas BES, por meio de telefone e/ou e-mail. A análise dos dados foi concretizada por meio da análise documental, com roteiro previamente definido.Resultados. Como resultado, constatou-se que nenhuma das BES estudadas apresenta Políticas Institucionais de Catalogação, uma vez que os documentos disponibilizados não possuem os requisitos mínimos necessários para serem caracterizados como tal; no entanto, apresentam alguns itens que devem constar nas Políticas Institucionais de Catalogação, tais como: indicativo de data de elaboração; diretrizes para controle de autoridades; e indicação de regras e/ou de instrumentos auxiliares adotados.
Survival of the mediated
Authors: Deuze Mark
Published: January 2018

Departing from a perspective of life as lived in rather than with media, this paper articulates the evolutionary context for people's near-complete immersion in media. Using examples such as the appropriation of the movie "Avatar" by activists around the world it is argued how our orientation to media provides adaptive advantage in contemporary postgeographical society.
Scenes, Quarters and Clusters: the Formation and Governance of Creative Places in Urban China
Authors: Wen Wen
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a PhD program examining the formation and governance patterns of the social and spatial concentration of creative people and creative businesses in cities. It develops a typology for creative places, adding the terms ‘scene’ and ‘quarter’ to ‘clusters’, to fill in the literature gap of partial emphasis on the ‘creative clusters’ model as an organising mechanism for regional and urban policy.

The framework is then applied to China, specifically to Hangzhou, a second-tier city in central eastern China that is ambitious to become a ‘national cultural and creative industries centre’. Drawing on in-depth interviews with initiators, managers and creative professionals from three cases selected respectively for scene, quarter and cluster, together with extensive documentary analysis, the paper investigates the composition of actors, characteristics of the locality and the diversity of activities of the three places. The findings demonstrate a convergence of the three terms. Furthermore, in China, planning and government intervention is the key to the governance of creative places; spontaneous development processes exist, but these need a more tolerant environment, a greater diversity of cultural forms and more time to develop. Moreover, the main business development model is still real estate based: this model needs to incorporate more mature business models and an enhanced IP protection system. Finally, the business strategies need to be combined with a self-management model for the creative class, and a collaborative governance mechanism with other stakeholders such as government, real estate developers and education providers.
Co-creative Media in Remote Indigenous Communities
Authors: Rennie Ellie
Published: January 2018

This paper examines co-creative video outputs that have originated from, or relate to, remote Indigenous communities in Australia. Scholarly work on remote media has mostly operated at the interface of media studies and anthropology, seeking to identify how cultural systems shape the production, distribution and reception of media in Aboriginal communities. This paper looks instead at content themes, funding sources and institutions during the 2010-2013 period, and examines the factors that may be determining the quantity of co-creative outputs, as well as the types of stories that get produced. I argue that the focus on culture has obscured important shifts in remote media policy and funding, including a trend towards content designed to address social disadvantage.
Co-Creating Knowledge Online: Approaches for Community Artists
Authors: Shea Pip
Published: January 2018

Forming peer alliances to share and build knowledge is an important aspect of community arts practice, and these co-creation processes are increasingly being mediated by the Internet. This paper offers guidance for practitioners who are interested in better utilising the Internet

The decision not to capitalise the word ‘internet’ in this paper is based on the consideration that digital networks that use the Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP, have become ubiquitous means of sending and receiving communications.

to connect, share, and make new knowledge. It argues that new approaches are required to foster the organising activities that underpin online co-creation, building from the premise that people have become increasingly networked as individuals rather than in groups (Rainie & Wellman 2012: 6), and that these new ways of connecting enable new modes of peer-to-peer production and exchange. This position advocates that practitioners move beyond situating the Internet as a platform for dissemination and a tool for co-creating media, to embrace its knowledge collaboration potential.

Drawing on a design experiment I developed to promote online knowledge co-creation, this paper suggests three development phases – developing connections, developing ideas, and developing agility – to ground six methods. They are: switching and routing, engaging in small trades of ideas with networked individuals; organising, co-ordinating networked individuals and their data; beta-release, offering ‘beta’ artifacts as knowledge trades; beta-testing, trialing and modifying other peoples ‘beta’ ideas; adapting, responding to technological disruption; and, reconfiguring, embracing opportunities offered by technological disruption. These approaches position knowledge co-creation as another capability of the community artist, along with co-creating art and media.
Community Media 2.0: A Report from the ‘Co-Creative Communities’ Forum
Authors: Edmond Maura
Published: January 2018

Participatory digital culture presents major challenges to all traditional media outlets, but it presents very direct challenges to the community broadcast sector, which was established from the outset as local, community-driven and participatory. These and other issues were the focus of a recent forum at the Australian Centre for the Moving Image in Melbourne (Co-Creative Communities, 8–9 November 2012). The forum was part of a national research project, which has been exploring how Australian community arts and media organisations are responding to participatory digital culture, social media and user-led innovation. Focusing on the organisations that presented at the symposium, the paper examines how community-interest media is making the most of new and social media platforms. It considers examples of participatory digital media that have emerged from the community broadcast sector, but it also considers local, collaborative, community-interest media projects developed by public broadcasters and organisations involved in arts, social justice and development. Drawing on forum transcripts and follow-up research the essay describes some of the key trends shaping how community-interest media organisations and independent producers are working with participatory digital culture, and with what success.
What’s in a Name? On Language, Concept Formation, and the Definition Disputes in the Entrepreneurship Literature
Authors: Jonsson Petur O.
Published: January 2018

When it comes to entrepreneurship, the conceptual framework of economics is disjointed: On the one hand almost everyone agrees that entrepreneurial initiative and creativity are critical for economic progress. On the other hand neither initiative, nor creativity, plays any role in formal models of choice and economic behavior. This creates a blind spot on the behavioral aspects of entrepreneurship. It has also spawned a dichotomy between the functional and behavioral aspects of entrepreneurial actions in the economics literature. Most importantly, it prevents economists from developing a coherent unifying theoretical framework for making sense of entrepreneurs. The problem is reinforced by the language and semiotics of economics and is reflected by the lack of behavioral research on entrepreneurs in the literature. As suggested by Baumol (1968 and 2010) initiative and creativity are the obvious defining traits of entrepreneurship. Even so, the literature has spawned a variety of different and occasionally nonsensical definitions of entrepreneurship that obscure and divert our attention away from these defining characteristics. The divergent definitions in the literature are further exacerbated by discordant conceptual structures and ideas that cannot easily be translated from one field to another. In the absence of a unifying framework, different fields have focused narrowly on entrepreneurship from dissimilar angles. The bottom line is that researchers in different fields sometimes rely on such incompatible definitions of what constitutes entrepreneurship that interdisciplinary dialogue is impossible. The end result is akin to the problem of radical translation between different languages. The paper concludes that the definition debates will not be resolved without a unifying structure that focuses on initiative and creativity as the defining attributes of entrepreneurship. This calls for some new tools and behavioral models that can explicitly account for initiative and creativity as integral aspects of human choices and actions.
Knowledge Unlatched: A Global Library Consortium Model for Funding Open Access Scholarly Books
Authors: Montgomery Lucy
Published: January 2018

This special issue of Cultural Science Journal is devoted to the report of a groundbreaking experiment in re-coordinating global markets for specialist scholarly books and enabling the knowledge commons: the Knowledge Unlatched proof-of-concept pilot. The pilot took place between January 2012 and September 2014. It involved libraries, publishers, authors, readers and research funders in the process of developing and testing a global library consortium model for supporting Open Access books. The experiment established that authors, librarians, publishers and research funding agencies can work together in powerful new ways to enable open access; that doing so is cost effective; and that a global library consortium model has the potential dramatically to widen access to the knowledge and ideas contained in book-length scholarly works.
Learning and intergenerational communication through digital storytelling in the first grades of primary school: Yesteryear Jobs
Authors: Mouchtari Efthalia , Meimaris Michalis , Gouscos Dimitris , Sfyroera Maria
Published: January 2018

The research reported in this paper examines how two different groups, primary schoolchildren and elderly people, could close the generation gap through a digital storytelling-based interaction framework that can result in learning for the younger and intergenerational communication. Yesteryear jobs have been chosen as the theme of this research, based on the premise that, as computers and automated systems increasingly take the jobs humans once held, entire professions become extinct, and some of these endangered professions, from a milkman to an iceman, could become better known to primary school children through storytelling from elderly people. In this respect, the research reported in this paper has combined digital storytelling with techniques as traditional as theatrical games, in order to create a blended framework for intergenerational interactions. The research project was realized in the 15th Primary School of Piraeus, in Athens, Greece during academic years 2011-12 and 2012-13. It has involved a 6-month empirical study and embraced skills such as literature reading, story and song listening, painting, creating digital stories as well as improvising through theatrical games. The evaluation tools for the outcomes of this project comprised a questionnaire, participant observation, informal interviews and a video rubric for evaluating the digital creations of schoolchildren.
Heart of the Story: Connecting Digital Storytelling to Sociology of Emotions
Authors: Kabakcı Gökçe Zeybek
Published: January 2018

This paper is based upon a paper delivered at the ‘Create, Act, Change’: The 5th International Digital Storytelling Conference in May 2013, in Ankara, Turkey

http://www.digitalstorytelling2013.hacettepe.edu.tr/documents/program_web.pdf

. It aims to put forward a connection between digital storytelling and the sociology of emotions. For this purpose, it briefly gives a picture of the field of sociology of emotions. The paper sets out to offer some self-reflection, because the aim of this piece is closely related to the academic interests of the writer. Following the path of self-reflection, it introduces common points between digital storytelling and the sociology of emotions.
Digital Words of Wisdom? Milia (AppleTree), An Online Platform for Digital Storytelling
Authors: Spanoudakis Manolis , Nakou Alexandra , Meliadou Eni , Gouscos Dimitris , Meimaris Michalis
Published: January 2018

This paper introduces Milia (AppleTree), an open online platform for social interactive digital storytelling, which has been developed by the Laboratory of New Technologies in Communication, Education and the Mass Media, with the support of the University Research Institute of Applied Communication (URIAC) of the Faculty of Communication and Media Studies of the University of Athens. The Milia platform aims to support the representation, presentation and collaborative creation of any sort of stories in digital format. Applications of the platform can be found in storytelling per se, in education, in publishing and, more generally, in the creation and publication of collaborative digital works. The first part of the paper is focused on a state of the art review for digital storytelling platforms and discussion of some major challenges that these platforms are attempting to face. This review is followed by a second part, which discusses the technical features and functional capabilities of the Milia platform in detail, and a third part, which reports on applications of the platform that have already been realized and digital stories that are already available online. The paper is concluded with a discussion of limitations and directions of future work for the Milia platform.
Life storytelling at the ABC: Challenges of ‘giving the audience a voice’ in the context of public service media
Authors: Mackay Sasha , Heck Elizabeth
Published: January 2018

Life storytelling projects have become an important means through which public service media institutions such as the Australian Broadcasting Corporation are seeking to foster audience participation and involve particular cohorts in the creation and distribution of broadcast content. This paper contributes to the wider conversation on audience participation within public service media intuitions (PSMs), and focuses on the opportunities and challenges that arise within life storytelling projects that are facilitated by these institutions, and that aim to ‘give voice’ to members of ‘the audience’. In particular, it focuses on two of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s current life storytelling projects: ABC Open and Heywire.
Resumos da Jornada de Pediatria
Authors: Silva Débora Carla Chong e
Published: January 2018

Resumos para a Jornada de Pediatria
The Effectiveness of Andragogically Oriented Teaching Method to Improve the Male Students’ Achievement of Teaching Practice
Authors: Rismiyanto . , Saleh Mursid , Mujiyanto Januarius , Warsono .
Published: January 2018

Students at universities are still frequently found to have low independency in learning. Besides, lecturers also still have tendency to treat students as if they were young learners, or in other words, the lecturers still use pedagogically oriented teaching methods (POTM); although they claimed themselves to have applied methods of teaching orienting to the characteristics of adult learners or andragogically oriented teaching methods (AOTM). This also happens to the students at English Education Department of Muria Kudus University (EED MKU), and affects their achievement of language leaning, in particular theirs of teaching practice. Some schools in which the students conduct teaching internship consider that the students’ achievement of teaching is still less satisfactory, and they tend to be less creative and less independent in preparing the teaching, particularly related to the use of instructional skills of teachnig, such the use of classroom language and the use of things neeeded in teaching as media of teaching. This is a quantitative study involving 87 students joining Speaking for Instructional Purposes (SIP) classes at EED MKU. The instruments used are pre and post tests of teaching practice in SIP classes.This study aims to compare the effectiveness of implementing AOTM and POTM to improve the female and the male students’ achievement of teaching practice. The results reveal that AOTM is more effectively implemented to improve the male students than the female ones.
A Conceptual Framework for Islamic Institutional and Retail Investment in Maritime Assets
Authors: Abdullah Adam , Hassan Rusni , Kassim Salina
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this research is to provide a conceptual framework for Islamic institutional and retail investment in maritime assets. Our objectives are to provide an introduction to seaborne trade and analyze trends in institutional interest in alternative assets and international shipping as well as highlight Islamic and conventional equity structures for institutional and retail investors. Our findings reveal that an Islamic private equity framework involving an unlevered, tax-free investment in maritime assets provides a real alternative to conventional lending and even successful tax-efficient conventional equity structures, since they are not entirely without issues given the significant presence of debt financing from maritime banks. There is a demand for alternative sources of finance, such that Islamic equity finance, rather than conventional lending or structured debt can develop international shipping involving Islamic institutional and retail investment in maritime assets.
In-depth component distribution in electrodeposited alloys and multilayers
Authors: Péter László , Vad Kálmán , Csik Attila , Muñíz Rocío , Lobo Lara , Pereiro Rosario , Å turm SaÅ¡o , Žužek Rožman Kristina , Molnár György , Németh Katalin , Neuróhr Katalin , Boros Krisztina , Pogány Lajos , Bakonyi Imre
Published: January 2018

It is shown in this overview that modern composition depth profiling methods like secondary neutral mass spectroscopy (SNMS) and glow-discharge – time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GD-ToFMS) can be used to gain highly specific composition depth profile information on electrodeposited alloys. In some cases, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy was also used for gaining complementary information; nevertheless, the basic component distribution derived with each method exhibited the same basic features. When applying the reverse sputtering direction to SNMS analysis, the near-substrate composition evolution can be revealed with unprecedented precision. Results are presented for several specific cases of electrodeposited alloys and mulitlayers. It is shown that upon d.c. plating from an unstirred solution, the preferentially deposited metal accumulates in the near-substrate zone, and the steady-state alloy composition sets in at about 150-200 nm deposit thickness only. If there is more than one preferentially deposited metal in the alloy, the accumulation zones of these metals occur in the order of the deposition preference. This accumulation zone can be eliminated by well-controlled hydrodynamic conditions (like the application of rotating disc electrodes) or by pulse plating where the systematic decrease in the duty cycle provides a gradual transition from a graded to a uniform composition depth profile. The application of composition depth profile measurements enabled detecting the coincidence in the occurrence of some components in the deposits down to the impurity level. This was exemplified by the GD-ToFMS measurements of Ni-Cu/Cu multilayers where all detected impurities accumulated in the Cu layer. The wealth of information obtained by these methods provides a much more detailed picture than the results normally obtained with bulk analysis through conventional integral depth profiling and help in the elucidation of the side reactions taking place during the plating processes.
Aluminide coatings on Inconel 617
obtained by slurry method with inorganic
binder
Authors: Kochmańska A.E.
Published: January 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to manufacture and examine the structure of aluminide
coatings formed on Ni-based super alloy Inconel 617 in an argon atmosphere.
Design/methodology/approach: The coatings were produced by the slurry method at
temperatures from 900 to 1100°C and times from 2 to 6 hours. The newly-developed slurry
composition was: powders of aluminium and silicon; NaCl, KCl, NaF halide salts as an
activator and a water solution of a soluble glass as an inorganic binder. The microstructure
(SEM), chemical composition (EDS) and phase composition (XRD) of the coatings were
determined. Additionally the correlation between the technological parameters and the
coating thickness was analysed.
Findings: Slurry aluminide coatings with newly-developed composition have been
successfully produced. The obtained coatings had a multi-zone structure depending on
manufacturing parameters.
Research limitations/implications: The next stage of this research will be to determine
the performance of the coatings under high temperature cyclic oxidation. Optimization of the
production parameters will therefore be possible after oxidation and cyclic oxidation tests.
Practical implications: The slurry method is economical due to low consumption of
powder material. Another advantage of the applied slurry composition is the possibility of
forming protective coatings on other substrates.
Originality/value: The use of the inorganic binder in the slurry allowed to produce the
coatings in one single step without additional annealing at an intermediate temperature as
it is when applied organic binder. The grain size of aluminium and silicon powders was less
than usually used. The applied activator dissolved the passive layers present on the surface
both of the aluminum powder and of the nickel alloy and accelerated the reactions that
occur during coating formation.
Les modalités énonciatives de la reprise du discours d'autrui dans les écrtis de recherche et les écrits didatiques
Authors: Daunay Bertrand , Delcambre Isabelle
Published: January 2018

L’article vise à décrire les modalités énonciatives des reprises du discours d’autrui effectuées dans des écrits académiques. Sont comparés deux types d’écrit produits par des enseignants-chercheurs : des écrits didactiques, élaborés pour des cours à distance, et des écrits de recherche, à destination de la communauté scientifique. Par modalités énonciatives, il faut entendre les modes de prise en charge, par un énonciateur, d’un discours d’autrui qu’il reprend dans son propre discours. Après avoir présenté leur cadre théorique et la terminologie qu’ils proposent (notamment l’identification de deux pôles, nommés « paraphrase » et « métaphrase », opposant les modalités énonciatives de la reformulation), les auteurs décrivent leur corpus et leur méthodologie avant de présenter leurs résultats – dont le plus net : la part respective de ces deux modalités diffère selon le contexte de production (écriture d’enseignement ou écriture de recherche).

 
O conselho gestor como ferramenta para a gestão participativa de unidades de conservação
Authors: Viana Davi Pinto Cherene , Umbelino Luis Felipe
Published: January 2018

O conselho de gestão é um instrumento que visa garantir a participação da sociedade no processo de gestão de áreas protegidas. Contudo, nem todas as unidades possuem conselhos formalmente constituídos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o processo de gestão participativa de Unidades de Conservação - UCs no estado do Rio de Janeiro através da constituição dos conselhos gestores. No total, foram identificadas 52 UCs no estado do RJ, das quais somente 43 UCs com conselho instituído. A esfera federal foi a que apresentou a maior porcentagem de UCs com conselhos instituídos (100%), seguida da estadual (72,7%). Os parques e as APAs representaram as categorias que apresentaram o maior número de unidades com conselho gestor (15 num total de 18 cada uma). Apesar de ainda ser baixa a frequência de conselhos em unidades de conservação estaduais, se comparadas com as federais, o esperado é de que esse cenário comece a ser alterado a médio e longo prazos.
La réconciliation chez Paul (2 Co 5,11–6,2 ; Rm 5,1-11)
Authors: Gignac Alain
Published: January 2018

Théologiquement, on ne peut réfléchir à la réconciliation sans revenir à Paul. 2 Co 5,11–6,2 et Rm 5,1-11 sont donc l’objet d’une lecture attentive (close reading) afin d’expliquer le fonctionnement de la métaphore de la réconciliation selon deux axes. 1/ Comment le contexte socio-politique du Ier siècle éclaire-t-il le quasi néologisme théologique paulinien ? 2/ Comment la manière de mettre en discours la réconciliation a-t-elle une portée théologique ? La réconciliation relève du vocabulaire politique, mais Paul la met en discours de sorte que l’énonciataire se sente concerné par l’histoire d’un Dieu qui, par la médiation du Christ, se réconcilie l’humanité, ou plutôt, « nous réconcilie avec lui ». Le vous auquel s’adresse le discours est comme aspiré par un récit qui se décline sous le mode d’un nous inclusif.
La mission de l’Église
Authors: Baum Gregory
Published: January 2018

Dans cet article je soutiens la thèse, encore controversée dans l’Église, selon laquelle la situation historique produite par la mondialisation oblige l’Église à repenser sa mission dans le monde et à y déployer un ministère de réconciliation au service du bien commun universel. Je présente d’abord une analyse de la situation historique actuelle, que je complète par des réflexions bibliques, une analyse de l’évolution du magistère, des arguments contre le prosélytisme et finalement une théologie de la mission, guidée par l’appel divin à la réconciliation.
Pratiques de réconciliation au Liban
Authors: Chrabieh Pamela
Published: January 2018

Bien que les pratiques de réconciliation connaissent une longue histoire au Liban, celles-ci se diversifient à partir des années 1990. Elles constituent un important objet d’étude pour de nombreux académiciens et académiciennes ainsi que chercheurs et chercheuses ; elles sont devenues la cause commune d’une pléthore d’organismes non-gouvernementaux, d’associations civiles, de mouvements sociaux et d’artistes. Le thème de la réconciliation des Libanais et Libanaises sert aussi de cadre pour le discours politique. Cet article présente un état des lieux de ces pratiques en traitant premièrement de la relation de la réconciliation au dialogue interreligieux puis de la relation de la réconciliation à la mémoire nationale. Il présente par la suite certains exemples au sein de la société civile et identifie en conclusion quelques pistes de réflexion.
A novel collaborative filtering algorithm by bit mining frequent itemsets
Authors: Nguyen Loc , Do Minh-Phung T.
Published: January 2018

Collaborative filtering (CF) is a popular technique in recommendation study. Concretely, items which are recommended to user are determined by surveying her/his communities. There are two main CF approaches, which are memory-based and model-based. I propose a new CF model-based algorithm by mining frequent itemsets from rating database. Hence items which belong to frequent itemsets are recommended to user. My CF algorithm gives immediate response because the mining task is performed at offline process-mode. I also propose another so-called Roller algorithm for improving the process of mining frequent itemsets. Roller algorithm is implemented by heuristic assumption “The larger the support of an item is, the higher it’s likely that this item will occur in some frequent itemset”. It models upon doing white-wash task, which rolls a roller on a wall in such a way that is capable of picking frequent itemsets. Moreover I provide enhanced techniques such as bit representation, bit matching and bit mining in order to speed up recommendation process. These techniques take advantages of bitwise operations (AND, NOT) so as to reduce storage space and make algorithms run faster.
Chitin distribution in the Oithona digestive and reproductive systems revealed by fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Sugier Kevin , Vacherie Benoit , Cornils Astrid , Jamet Jean-Louis , Wincker Patrick , Madoui Mohammed-Amin
Published: January 2018

Among copepods, which are the most abundant animals on Earth, the genus Oithona is described as one of the most important and plays a major role in the marine food chain and biogeochemical cycles, particularly through the excretion of chitin-coated fecal pellets. Despite the morphology of several Oithona species is well known, knowledge of its internal anatomy and chitin distribution is still limited. To answer this problem, Oithona nana and Oithona similis individuals were stained by WGA-FITC and DAPI for fluorescence microscopy observations. The image analyses allowed a new description of the organization and chitin content of the digestive and reproductive systems of Oithona male and female. Chitin microfibrils were found all along the digestive system from the stomach to the hindgut with a higher concentration at the peritrophic membrane of the anterior midgut. Several midgut shrinkages were observed and proposed to be involved in fecal pellet shaping and motion. Amorphous chitin structures were also found to be a major component of the ducts and seminal vesicles and receptacles. The rapid staining protocol we proposed allowed a new insight into the Oithona internal anatomy and highlighted the role of chitin in the digestion and reproduction. This method could be applied to a wide range of copepods in order to perform comparative anatomy analyses.
NECAPs are negative regulators of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
Authors: Beacham Gwendolyn M , Partlow Edward A , Lange Jeffrey J , Hollopeter Gunther
Published: January 2018

Eukaryotic cells internalize transmembrane receptors via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, but it remains unclear how the machinery underpinning this process is regulated. We recently discovered that membrane-associated muniscin proteins such as FCHo and SGIP initiate endocytosis by converting the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex to an open, active conformation that is then phosphorylated (Hollopeter et al., 2014). Here we report that loss of ncap-1, the sole C. elegans gene encoding an adaptiN Ear-binding Coat-Associated Protein (NECAP), bypasses the requirement for FCHO-1. Biochemical analyses reveal AP2 accumulates in an open, phosphorylated state in ncap-1 mutant worms, suggesting NECAPs promote the closed, inactive conformation of AP2. Consistent with this model, NECAPs preferentially bind open and phosphorylated forms of AP2 in vitro and localize with constitutively open AP2 mutants in vivo. NECAPs do not associate with phosphorylation-defective AP2 mutants, implying that phosphorylation precedes NECAP recruitment. We propose NECAPs function late in endocytosis to inactivate AP2.
On the Role of Ionospheric Ions in Sawtooth Events
Authors: Lund E. J. , Nowrouzi N. , Kistler L. M. , Cai X. , Frey H. U.
Published: January 2018

Simulations have suggested that feedback of heavy ions originating in the ionosphere is an important mechanism for driving sawtooth injections. However, this feedback may only be necessary for events driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), whereas in events driven by streaming interaction regions (SIRs), solar wind variability may suffice to drive these injections. Here we present case studies of two sawtooth events for which in situ data are available in both the magnetotail (Cluster) and the nightside auroral region (FAST), as well as global auroral images (IMAGE). One event, on 1 October 2001, was driven by a CME; the other, on 24 October 2002, was driven by an SIR. The available data do not support the hypothesis that heavy ion feedback is necessary to drive either event. This result is consistent with simulations of the SIR‐driven event but disagrees with simulation results for a different CME‐driven event. We also find that in an overwhelming majority of the sawtooth injections for which Cluster tail data are available, the O+ observed in the tail comes from the cusp rather than the nightside auroral region, which further casts doubt on the hypothesis that ionospheric heavy ion feedback is the cause of sawtooth injections.
Reply to Comments by Tsurutani et al. on “Modeling Extreme ‘Carrington‐Type’ Space Weather Events Using Three‐Dimensional Global MHD Simulations”
Authors: Ngwira Chigomezyo M. , Pulkkinen Antti , Kuznetsova Maria M. , Glocer Alex
Published: January 2018

In this response, we address the three main comments by Tsurutani et al. (2018, http://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024779) namely, unusually high plasma density, interplanetary magnetic field intensity, and fast storm recovery phase. The authors agree that there is room to improve the modeling by taking into account these comments and other aspects that were not fully explored during our initial work. We are already in the process of undertaking a more comprehensive modeling project.
The Plasma Environment Associated With Equatorial Ionospheric Irregularities
Authors: Smith Jonathon M. , Heelis R. A.
Published: January 2018

We examine the density structure of equatorial depletions referred to here as equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). Data recorded by the Ion Velocity Meter as part of the Coupled Ion Neutral Dynamics Investigation (CINDI) aboard the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite are used to study EPBs from 1600 to 0600 h local time at altitudes from 350 to 850 km. The data are taken during the 7 years from 2008 to 2014, more than one half of a magnetic solar cycle, that include solar minimum and a moderate solar maximum. Using a rolling ball algorithm, EPBs are identified by profiles in the plasma density, each having a depth measured as the percent change between the background and minimum density (ΔN/N). During solar moderate activity bubbles observed in the topside postsunset sector are more likely to have large depths compared to those observed in the topside postmidnight sector. Large bubble depths can be observed near 350 km in the bottomside F region in the postsunset period. Conversely at solar minimum the distribution of depths is similar in the postsunset and postmidnight sectors in all longitude sectors. Deep bubbles are rarely observed in the topside postsunset sector and never in the bottomside above 400 km in altitude. We suggest that these features result from the vertical drift of the plasma for these two solar activity levels. These drift conditions affect both the background density in which bubbles are embedded and the growth rate of perturbations in the bottomside where bubbles originate.
Effect of Gravity Waves From Small Islands in the Southern Ocean on the Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation
Authors: Garfinkel C. I. , Oman L. D.
Published: January 2018

The effect of small islands in the Southern Ocean on the atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere is considered with a series of simulations using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry‐Climate Model in which the gravity wave stress generated by these islands is increased to resemble observed values. The enhanced gravity wave drag leads to a 2 K warming of the springtime polar stratosphere, partially ameliorating biases in this region. Resolved wave drag declines in the stratospheric region in which the added orographic gravity waves deposit their momentum, such that changes in gravity waves are partially compensated by changes in resolved waves, though resolved wave drag increases further poleward. The orographic drag from these islands has impacts for surface climate, as biases in tropospheric jet position are also partially ameliorated. These results suggest that these small islands are likely contributing to the missing drag near 60°S in the upper stratosphere evident in many data assimilation products.
Annual REE Signal of East Asian Winter Monsoon in Surface Seawater in the Northern South China Sea: Evidence From a Century‐Long Porites Coral Record
Authors: Jiang Wei , Yu Kefu , Song Yinxian , Zhao Jian‐xin , Feng Yue‐xing , Wang Yinghui , Xu Shendong , Han Tao
Published: January 2018

The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) plays a significant role in the Asian climate system. However, the scarcity of direct high‐resolution records, especially those covering recent centuries, limits our understanding of monsoonal dynamics. Here we present a reconstruction of annual EAWM strength over the past century and a half using a Porites coral from Yongxing Island in the northern South China Sea (SCS), where the variations in the rare earth element (REE) parameters in surface seawater are dominantly controlled by the input of aeolian dust. Our record indicates that the EAWM strength weakly increased overall during the latter half of the nineteenth century but decreased during the twentieth century, especially after ~1950 Common Era. Additionally, during the past century and a half, the relationship between the EAWM and the East Asian summer monsoon, as recorded in speleothems, varied temporally and depended on the strength of the EAWM. Our findings suggest that the REE proxy of corals from the offshore SCS can be applied as an excellent indicator of the winter monsoon strength.
Influence of residential performance on residents' health status: Nationwide survey of environmental performance of detached houses and residents' health status
Authors: Kawakubo Shun , Ikaga Toshiharu , Murakami Shuzo , Hoshi Tanji , Ando Shintaro
Published: January 2018

Previous studies have revealed the relationships between specific residential environmental factors and residents' health status. However, no study has considered the comprehensive health risk due to the overall residential environment. Therefore, a large‐scale nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted using the CASBEE Health Checklist to examine the residential environment of detached houses and residents' health status. This analysis indicated that the overall residential environment is likely an important determinant of health and was associated with disease prevalence among residents.
Attitudes ofNNESTstoward Themselves
Authors: Zacharias Nugrahenny T.
Published: January 2018

Teachers' attitudes toward their worth as English users and educators are central to their growth as language users and professionals and to their teaching practice. Focusing on the studies on non‐native English‐speaking teachers' (NNESTs) attitudes toward themselves, this entry delineates not only the factors affecting the formation of these attitudes but also the ways in which they are able to shift away from disempowering attitudes to craft a positive view of themselves as English teachers. It also presents a set of pedagogical implications on how second language teacher education (SLTE) programs can cultivate more empowering self‐perceptions for NNESTs.
Comprehensibility
Authors: Derwing Tracey M.
Published: January 2018

Definitions of comprehensibility over the last several decades are provided and comprehensibility's relationship to the related but partially independent speech dimensions of intelligibility and accent are explained. Comprehensibility's roots in World Englishes are explored, and its significance to L2 speakers and listeners is demonstrated with key research findings. The importance of comprehensibility over accentedness is highlighted, and approaches teachers can take to enhance their students' comprehensibility by incorporating pronunciation instruction in their second language classes are outlined. Non‐native English‐speaking teachers (NNESTs) often feel conflicted about teaching pronunciation, but if the pedagogical goal is comprehensibility, native English‐speaking teachers (NESTs) should not be given priority over NNESTs. Context dictates many factors affecting comprehensibility. Finally, suggestions are made for helping interlocutors to become better listeners.