bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature Dependent Electrical Properties of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles-Polyaniline Composite
Authors: Dorairajan Mukundan , Srinivas Vikram , Raju Vasanthakumari , Raghavan Gayathri
Published: June 2014

Polyaniline (PANI) Nanocomposites are potential materials for actuators, EMI shielding, Fuel cells and components in non volatile memory. Silver nanoparticles have wide range of applications such as catalysis, microelectronics, biotechnology and silver-oxide batteries. This work reports the effect of thermal alteration [lowhigh temperatur on the electrical conductivity of green synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles-polyaniline composite. A simple low cost green synthesis using Azadirachta indica [Neem] extract is employed for synthesis of silver nanoparticles; Polyaniline is prepared by redox polymerization of aniline using ammonium per sulphate. The silver nanoparticles are incorporated into Polyaniline during polymerization. PANI and PANI-Ag composites are characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, TGA, XRD, TEM and DC conductivity. The DC conductivity and UV-Vis spectral response were recorded for the samples at low temperatures [263K, 273K, and 283 and high temperatures [353K, 433K, and 533. The effect of thermal alteration showed a significant change in both conductivity and UV-Vis spectral response. UV-visible spectra show the transition occurring in PANI Emeraldine salt phase to Pernigraniline with increase in temperature. TGA analysis confirms the improved thermal stability for PANI-Ag composite. The mechanism of electrical conductivity with temperature in the system is investigated and reported. Thus, this work deals with an approach to analyze the electrical behavior of green synthesized silver nanoparticles composited with a conducting polymer. The results show that these composites can be suitable for temperature dependent semiconductors, bio sensors and catalytic reactions.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Structural, Magnetic and Electric Properties of Z-Type Barium Cobalt Hexaferrite Powder
Authors: Solanki Neha , Packiaraj G. , Jotania Rajshree B.
Published: June 2014

Z-type hexaferrite with composition Ba3Co2Fe24O41has been synthesized using a sol-gel auto combustion technique. The obtain combusted powder was sintered at 500 OC and followed by 950 OC for 4 hrs in a muffle furnace. The effect of different sintering temperature on crystal structure, crystallite size, microstructure and dielectric properties were systematically investigated. The prepared barium cobalt hexaferrite powder samples were characterized using different experimental techniques like FTIR, XRD, AC conductivity and specific magnetization measurements. It was observed from XRD results that heat treatment conditions play significant role in the formation of hexaferrite phase. AC conductivity measurements were carried out at room temperature in frequency range of 20Hz to 2MHz. All the samples show the frequency dependent phenomena, i.e. the AC conductivity increases with increasing frequency.
Development of Environmentally Acceptable Nano-Hybrid Coatings for Bio-Fouling Protection
Authors: Saravanan P. , Duraibabu D. , Kumar S. Ananda
Published: June 2014

Alternative coatings should be as effective as conventional paints but with lower toxicity. In the present study, a commercially available epoxy resin modified with non functionalized nanozinc oxide (nZnO) was examined to get information on its antifouling and anti-corrosive properties. Epoxy nanohybrid coating was synthesized using nZnO (in the amount of 0wt%, 1wt%, 3wt%, 5wt%, 7wt% and 10wt%) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) type of epoxy resin. The curing behavior of these materials was ascertained from FT-IR spectral studies. The anti-corrosive properties of the nanohybrid were investigated using salt spray and electro chemical polarization studies. The surface morphology images were taken by SEM analysis. This study indicates that nZnO particles were dispersed homogenously through the polymer matrix. The nZnO incorporated coating was found to exhibit enhanced anticorrosive performance. Approximately 50% reduction in fouling attachment was achieved with coatings containing 3wt% of nZnO.
Synthesis of PVDF-co-HFP-ZrO2 Based Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Battery Applications
Authors: Johnsi M. , Suthanthiraraj S. Austin
Published: June 2014

Composite polymer electrolytes based on poly (vinilydene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene) as polymer host, zinc triflate as dopant salt and ZrO2 as nanofiller were prepared by solution casting technique using N,N dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent. The loading of the ZrO2 nanofiller carried out for the optimized composition shows an increasing trend of electrical conductivity from 10-11 to 10-5 Scm-1 at 298 K. The effective structural complexation of the polymer electrolyte system and influence of nanofiller were also analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis. The detailed impacts on the degree of crystallinity were investigated by differential scanning calorimetric analysis. The electrochemical stability of the optimized composition with 7 wt% ZrO2 loading was found to exist up to 2.6 V.
Photo-Luminescence Properties of Novel ZnO Nano-Phosphors
Authors: Kurrey Manmohan Singh , Diwan Bhoopendra Dhar
Published: June 2014

In this paper we have reported excellent luminescence properties of novel nanophosphors synthesized through solgel method with narrow size distribution. The size and morphology of the prepared ZnO nanophosphors has been confirmed through XRD and SEM. We have investigated their photo-luminescence (PL) intensity as a function of wavelength. We have prepared ZnO nanophosphor of size 6 nm. It is observed two different emission peaks near 375 nm in the ultraviolet (UV) and near 525 nm in the visible region. The prepared ZnO nanophosphor has enough potential for optoelectronic applications. Keywords: Dosimetry; Thermo-luminescence; Zinc oxide; Nanophosphors.
Silicon Nanowire Embedded Spiral Photonic Crystal Fiber for Soliton-Effect Pulse Compression
Authors: Gunasundari E. , Senthilnathan K. , Sivabalan S. , Nakkeeran K. , Babu P. Ramesh
Published: June 2014

In this paper, we propose a new type of optical waveguide called silicon nanowire embedded equai-angular spiral photonic crystal fiber (SN-SPCF) using fully vectorial finite element method, where closely arranged arrays of air holes act as cladding and nanosize silicon material at the centre acts as core. We show that the proposed nanowire embedded PCF of 400 nm core diameter exhibits high anomalous group velocity dispersion (-3148 ps2/km), small third order dispersion (-8.6591 ps3/km) and high nonlinearity (443.2 W-1m-1) at 1550 nm wavelength. Soliton-effect pulse compression of femtosecond pulses in a silicon nanowire-spiral photonic crystal fiber at 1550 nm is numerically studied. We demonstrate a pulse compression of 75 fs input pulse to about 4 fs by the simultaneous actions of both linear effects (a large anomalous group velocity dispersion and a small third order dispersion) and the nonlinear effect (an effective high nonlinearity).
Structural, Electrical and FT-IR Studies of Nano Zn1-xCaxO by Solid State Reaction Method
Authors: Das Tanushree , Das Bikram Keshari , Parashar Kajal , Parashar S.K.S. , Nagamalleswara Rao Alluri
Published: June 2014

Single phase polycrystalline with = 0, 0.01 and 0.02 were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction shows that the ceramic samples has hexagonal Wurtzite structure with a space group of p63mc and average crystallite size in the range 52 - 88 nm. The dielectric and electrical properties were studied within the temperature range 30 °C to 500 °C under air atmosphere as function of frequency (10 kHz). The electrical properties of grain interior and grain boundary have been studied by using the impedance spectroscopy and follow the non-Debye relaxation process. It was observed that the AC conductivity of ceramic samples following the Universal power law within the frequency range 1kHz to 1 MHz. The activation energy of Pure is 0.29 eV was calculated by using the Arrhenius-relation with in temperature range 300 - 500 °C, which is increased to (0.40 eV ) when = 0.02 of at 10 kHz . The peaks attributed at 1415 cm-1 () and 1413 cm-1 () in FT-IR measurement of are due to Ca-O stretching from the calcite phase of CaCO3, which is not observed in Pure ZnO confirms the presence of Ca in ZnO lattice. Keywords: , FT-IR, Impedance spectroscopy, ac conductivity, Dielectric constant.
Improving the Yields of Carotene from Red Yeast by Using Ultra High Pressure and its Mutagenic Mechanism
Authors: Wang Sui Lou , Wang Hai Xiang , Yang Zhi Ping
Published: June 2014

The R. glutinis NR98 of high-producing β-carotene was treated by ultra high pressure (UHP) of 100~500 MPa for 10~30 min. The survival curve of NR98 treated for 10 min was saddle, which shows that the effect of UHP on this strain maybe was the cumulation of many biology effects. The rate of β-carotene production from mutant G39 (obtained at 300 MPa for 10 min) was increased by 59.87% compared with the initial strain NR98, and its genetic quality was proved to be stable by experiments. The result of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis suggested that mutant strain G39 was likely to change in nucleic acid level.
Wettability, Surface Tension and Work of Adhesion of Cu-Ti Alloys on Yttria Partially-Stabilized Zirconia at 1273K
Authors: Mao Wei Ji , Sannomiya Hiroki , Shinozaki Nobuya , Ogawa Toshifumi
Published: June 2014

The wetting behavior of molten Cu-Ti alloys with titanium content of 10mass%, 20mass% and 30mass% on the Yttria Partially-Stabilized Zirconia (Y-PSZ) substrates was investigated at 1273K using the sessile drop method. The wettability improved with increasing the titanium content of the alloy. The stabilized contact angles of Cu-10mass%Ti, Cu-20mass%Ti and Cu-30mass%Ti alloys on the Y-PSZ substrate were measured to be 69°, 47°and 30°, respectively. The surface tension of the molten Cu-Ti alloys and the work of adhesion of alloy/substrate interface increased with increasing the titanium content. A larger work of adhesion attributes to firmer bonding between the molten Cu-Ti alloy and the Y-PSZ substrate, and can greatly improve the wettability.
Synthesis of Tung Oil Monoglyceride
Authors: Yang Jing , Ma Wen Jie , Li Ni , Zhou Jin Hua , Sun Han Zhou
Published: June 2014

Tung oil monoglyceride (TOM, also called eleostearic acid monoglyceride, EAM) is a derivative of a Chinese renewable natural resource Tung oil and it is a potential monomer for polyurethane which can improve the performances of polyurethane coating. The synthesis of TOM by esterification of eleostearic acid and solketal with catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid was investigated. Experimental results showed that the suitable synthetic conditions for TOM were as follows: a. for the esterification of eleostearic acid and solketal, with regard to eleostearic acid 0.02 mol with concentration 0.5 mol/L, mole ratio of eleostearic acid to solketal 1:1.5, catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid dosage 5% (wt, calculated by eleostearic acid), dehydrating agent xylene, and reaction time 3 h under refluxing. The conversion of eleostearic acid peaked at 99.1% under the optimal conditions and the intermediate, solketal eleostearate was obtained. b. after deprotection under acidic condition for 4 h at 35 °C to remove protection agent acetone which was employed in the synthesis of solketal, the product TOM would obtained with yield 93.6%.
Effect of Cold-Induced on Quality of Black Carp Fillet Stored at Controlled Freezing-Point
Authors: Zou Lei , Wan Jin Qing , Zhong Yao Guang , Li Jia , Zhao Yan Feng
Published: June 2014

Taken black carp fillet as the experimental material, effects of cold-induced on the quality of black carp fillets were studied. Three kinds of cold-induced modes were conducted in this experiment: 10°C constant temperature induction ( mode I ); 2°C/2h ( mode II ); 1°C/1h ( mode III ), at the same time did a comparison with controlled freezing-point storage ( mode IV ). The effect of cold-induced on pH, liquid loss, K value, activity of cathepsin B, free amino acid and proteolysis were compared. Results showed that: the pH value in fillets declined mildly at the storage, the drip loss value and K-value of fillets increased gradually as storage time increased. The K-value of fillets stored at mode I and II increased sharply, while relatively little change was observed in mode III and IV. Cathepsin B activities increased little bit at the storage. The cathepsin B activities of mode III was highest at 11.302U•g-1, when fillets were stored at controlled freezing-point (44h). Mode II was the second at 10.522 U•g-1. The total free amino acids (FAAs) of all modes increased to some extent. At 44 hours, the increment of total FAAs in mode II and III were 20.19% and 19.49%, which were superior to mode I (12.27%) and IV (12.97%). No significant differences in protein degradation were observed among those cold-induced modes, but it showed proteolysis on the SDS-PAGE.
Preparation and Evaluation of Calcium Alginate/Glycyrrhizic Acid Hydrogel
Authors: Ren Ying Zong , Zhang Yi , Gao Li Na , Cui Yuan Lu , Qi Yun
Published: June 2014

Calcium ions released from calcium-alginate hydrogel can promote inflammatory responses when injected subcutaneously in mice. In this study, a novel alginate hybrid hydrogel was prepared using sodium alginate (SA) and Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) design for reduce calcium concentration in the hydrogel. nanoCalcium carbonate was wrapped in an alginate solution and internal gelling was induced by the Ca2+ released from CaCO3 by adding of GA. As varying of the amounts of GA and CaCO3 in alginate solution, the gelling time could be controlled within 10 min. Taking advantage of short gelation time and controlled hydrogel shape, GA calcium alginate hydrogel system has great potential for tissue engineering applications.
Preparation of Antioxidant Hydrolysates from Round Scad (Decapterus maruadsi) Protein by Composite Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Authors: Yang Xian Qing , Wang Ting Ting , Hu Xiao , Li Lai Hao , Wu Yan Yan , Wei Ya
Published: June 2014

Round scad (Decapterus maruadsi) was hydrolyzed by composite enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysates possessing high antioxidant activity. The optimum conditions of antioxidant hydrolysates preparation by composite enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated. The results demonstrated that superior antioxidant activities (low IC50 values of radical scavenging activity and high reducing power) were obtained at an enzyme (a mixture of neutral protease and trypsin, 1:1 w/w) to substrate ratio of 0.3%, an incubation time of 5 h and an incubation temperature of 50 °C. Under the conditions, the recovery ratio of protein was 75.24% and the degree of hydrolysis was 25.86%
Combustion Synthesis Sintering of Ni-Al Powder Alloys
Authors: Qin Lin Jing , Huang Feng Xiao , Jin Da Wei , Li Wei
Published: June 2014

According to the different reaction mode, the combustion synthesis sintering can be divided into two kinds of mode: the self-propagating by heating ignition such as laser (SHS, Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis) and whole explosion in the vacuum furnace (TE, Thermal Explosion). In this experiment, the Ni-Al powder compact is synthesized completely to nickel aluminides by SHS and TE. The experimental parameters controlling the ignition step such as material parameter and adiabatic temperature were calculated as a function of initial stoichiometry. Al mole ratio in initial powder mixture was varied from Ni: Al=3:1 to Ni: Al=1:1 for controlling adiabatic temperature.
Characteristic Changes of Protein Occurring in Brine Salting Sturgeon at Different Levels of NaCl
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Hao Shu Xian , Li Lai Hao , Yang Xian Qing
Published: June 2014

The effects of brine salting on sturgeon muscle proteins were studied during the processing of salting at different levels of NaCl . The aim was to observe conformational stability and possible degradation or denaturation of sturgeon protein by determining the biochemical characteristics of protein using Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy( FTIR), sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), fluorescence and other means. The salting process significantly decreased the actomyosin content, Ca2+-ATPase activity,total and reactive sulfhydryls (SHs) and increased surface hydrophobicity of actomyosin. The results showed that the processing of salting salting induced the degradation or denaturation of actomyosin. From SDS–PAGE, actin was affected by salt to a lesser extent by the process than myosin heavy chain (MHC). From the FTIR, the secondary structure of protein changed significantly ,especiallyα-helix, at different levels of NaCl .
Comparative Analysis of Amino Acid Composition in Antarctic Krill and White Shrimp
Authors: Li Wan Jun , Chen Shun Sheng , Qiu Wei Qiang
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the nutritional value of amino acids and its commercial value in the fish processing sector in Antarctic krill with cross-referenced in the white shrimp. For determination of the composition of 17 amino acids in the two shrimp muscle, free amino acids were measured using sulfosalicylic acid method, hydrolysed amino acid using hydrochloric acid hydrolysis.17 kinds of hydrolysed amino acids are measured in the muscle of Antarctic krill and White shrimp, which total content is 513.59±18.56mg/g and 537.61±16.8mg/g respectively.16 kinds of free amino acids are measured, which total content is 616.88±44.61mg/100g and 1276±75.67mg/100g respectively, while cysteine is not found. According to amino acid score (AAS), chemical score (CS), the limiting amino acid of Antarctic krill and White shrimp is valine and methionine + cysteine. The umani amino acids accounted for 27.76% of free amino acids and 35.69% of hydrolysed amino acids in Antarctic krill, while White shrimp is 41.08% and 31.52% respectively. The amino acids in Antarctic krill, TAV of which is greater than 1, include glutamic acid, alanine, lysine and arginine.
Influence of High Magnetic Field on β-a Phase Transformation in TC4 Titanium Alloy
Authors: Wang Hong Ming , Li Guirong , Li Yue Ming , Cui Yu Hua , Peng Cong Xiang , Zheng Rui , Li Pei Si , Zhao Yu Tao
Published: June 2014

In the TC4 titanium alloy subject to high pulsed magnetic field, the phase transformation from α to β occurs. When the magnetic induced intensity increased from 2T, 3T to 4T with constant 30 pulses, the percent of α phase adds up gradually. When the magnetic induced intensity is 4T the volume fraction of α phase amounts up to 59%. It is ascertained that magnetic field has taken a positive influence on the phase transformation because of the variation of inner energy induced by magnetic field.
Component Analysis, Quality Measurement and Antioxidant Activity of Sambucus williamsii Seed Oil
Authors: Lv Hui , Chen Shun Sheng , Han Ping , Luo Wei Yan , Dong Ling , Liu Ke Hai
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this study was to extract Sambucus williamsii (SW) seed oil by supercritical carbon dioxide. Volatile components in SW seed oil were analyzed by GC/MS and 17 volatile components were identified. Physical and chemical indexes of the oil were determined by GB code methods and the results showed that these indexes were in accordance with the Chinese national standards. The antioxidant activity of the oil was evaluated by reducing power assay. A significant and linear correlation coefficient between the reducing power activity and the concentration of SW seed oil was found (R=0.9957). The experimental result suggested that SW seed oil had potential antioxidant activity.
Study on Defluorination Effect of Antarctic Krill by Chemical Treatments
Authors: Liu Xian Na , Chen Shun Sheng
Published: June 2014

Decreasing effects of fluoride contents in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) as affected by chemical treatments with and without heating were investigated. The used chemicals were Na2SO3, citric acid, acetic acid, HCl, betaine, sodium chloride. Fluoride contents per dry weight were 1138±1 mg/kg in the whole body of krill (WBK) and 333±2 mg/kg in the peeled krill meat (PKM) respectively. When WBK was treated with chemicals with and without heating, Decreasing effects of fluoride contents is not significant. The effect of defluorination by chemical treatments with heating is more significant than without heating. Particularly, the treatment of betaine without heating showed the best reduction effect of 48±9mg/kg and the highest defluorination efficiency of 85.59%, followed by citric acid (52±11mg/kg,84.38%), acetic acid (55±6mg/kg,83.48%) and hydrochloric acid (62±5mg/kg,81.38%).
A Self-Oscillating Polymer Chain with High LCST
Authors: Hara Yusuke
Published: June 2014

A novel self-oscillating polymer displaying a high lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was developed. The novel polymer chain underwent soluble-insoluble self-oscillation induced by a Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. The driving force of the self-oscillation was the differing solubility of the polymer chain in the reduced and oxidized states. The amplitude of self-oscillation was hardly affected by the concentration of the oxidant, sodium bromate. In addition, the period of the polymer solution could be controlled by careful selection of the concentration of the sodium bromate.
Effect of Relative Humidity on the Morphology of Electrospun Gelatin Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Li Wei Wen , Qin Xiao Hong
Published: June 2014

In this study, curled gelatin nanofiber was successfully electrospun from aqueous solution by elevating the spinning temperature. The effect of relative humidity was investigated on the morphology of gelatin nanofibers in the current study. It was observed that with the increase of relative humidity during electrospinning process, the proportion of the curled gelatin nanofiber increases. Futhermore, the curled gelatin nanofiber converted into helical structure when electrospun at relative humidity higher than 50%.
Melting, Crystallization Behaviors and Mechanical Properties of iPP Nucleated by β Nucleation Masterbatches
Authors: Dou Guo Rui , Dou Qiang
Published: June 2014

Injection-molded β-isotactic polypropylene (β-iPP) specimens were prepared by adding three β nucleation masterbatches, i.e., NT-MA, NT-MB and NT-MC, respectively. The melting, crystallization and mechanical properties of β-iPP specimens were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical tests. It is revealed that β crystalline form contents were enhanced by the β nucleation masterbatches, and the β contents of the cores were higher than those of the skins of injection molded specimens. The tensile strain at break and Izod notched impact strength of iPP were greatly improved by the β nucleation masterbatches. It was found that the β nucleation efficiency was in the order: NT-MC > NT-MA > NT-MB.
The Kinematic Research in the Manufacture of Rigid Polyurethane Rubber Micro-V Grooves
Authors: Wu Bo , Yang Zhen Long , Yang Ming Tao , Wu Yong Bo , Shen Guo Tao
Published: June 2014

Based on the regularities of motion of the rigid polyurethane rubber ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding, combined with the kinematic analysis of the general theory and experiments. This paper analyses the variation in position, velocity and acceleration during the manufacture of single abrasive grinding with and without ultrasonic vibration. The impact of rigid polyurethane rubber micro V - groove process introduced by the ultrasonic vibration is explored to verify the feasibility of the ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding of micro-precision machining of hard polyurethane rubber material.
Fabrication of Self-Organized Porous Anodic Alumina Film in Malonic Acid
Authors: Ma Di , Li Shu Bai , Xu Long Gui , Dong Xin Yan , Hu Xiu Ying
Published: June 2014

The surface of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film anodizing in malonic acid, which is characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and ImageJ software. There are disorderly tiny pores or stripes on the first once anodizing surface. Pore diameter, pore density and porosity are decided by the first anodizing process. With anodizing step increased, pore diameter of the membrane decreased. Two-step anodization improves the order of PAA membrane greatly, which is processed on the basic of the ordered array pits at the aluminum that is observed after removing membrane of the one-step anodization. According to the experiments, porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAA) was prepared in 1.0 mol/L malonic acid, its pore diameter increased and porosity decreased with anodizing voltage increased.
Investigation of Phase Transformation and Optical Properties of TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by Electron Beam Evaporation
Authors: Xu Lin Hua , Zheng Gai Ge , Chen Yu Lin , Su Jing
Published: June 2014

TiO2thin films were deposited by ion beam assisted electron beam evaporation and annealed at 200, 300, 400 and 500 ¡æ in air for one hour. The crystal structures and morphology of the samples were analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer and an atomic force microscope. The transmittance spectra were recorded by a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The results show that both the as-deposited TiO2thin film and that one annealed at 200 ¡æ are amorphous. The sample annealed at 300 ¡æ crystallizes in pure brookite phase and is preferentially oriented along the (121) plane. When the annealing temperature rises up to 400 and 500 ¡æ, TiO2thin films turn into pure anatase phase. All the samples exhibit high transmittance in the visible region. With the increase of annealing temperature, the transmittance slightly declines and the optical bandgaps also slightly decreases.
Reaction Mechanism of Atomic Layer Deposition of Al on the Si (100) Surface: A Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Dong Mao Jin , Fang Ran , Xiong Yu Qing , Wang Duo Shu , Wang Ji Zhou , Li Chen , Zhang Ling
Published: June 2014

Using H2 and Al (CH3)3(TMA) as precursor, we investigated the atomic layer deposition mechanism of the metal Al on Si (100) surface by density functional theory. The reaction process comprises two half-reaction depositions: TMA "half-reaction" includes I and II on the H blunt reaction surface; H2 "half-reaction" includes the subsequent reaction Ⅲ and Ⅳ. In the TMA half reaction process, trimethyl aluminum first molecularly adsorbed in the active site of H*-Si9H12-H* to form a stable complex in the form of chemical adsorption state. Potential curves show that at 298 K, adsorption energy is -2.26kJ/mol, with respect to the chemical adsorption state, the activation barrier energy is 124.72kJ/mol, and finally the whole exothermic reaction energy is 41.4kJ/mol. After H2 half reaction, the bond length between Al-Si can be considered equal; two Al-C bonds become relatively stable molecular structure. The adsorption energy is -0.10kJ/mol at 298 K, and the activation barrier energy 189.15kJ/mol. The results show that two half-reaction process mechanism is similar, TMA endothermic reaction needs more energy to be carried out under heating conditions ; endothermic and exothermic reaction energy is basic balance, the activation energy is large, so the reaction is the best using ionized gas to be carried out.
Effect of Al-Induced Crystallization on Structure of CdZnTe Thin Films Deposited by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Zeng Dong Mei , Mu Yin Yin , Liu Wan , Zhou Hai , Chen Fei
Published: June 2014

Different substrate temperature of CdZnTe films and one with Al-induced crystallization have been investigated by XRD, AFM and UV-spectrophotometry. It was shown that, as the substrate temperature varied from room temperature to 400 °C, improving the substrate temperature helps to enhance the grain size of CdZnTe film, and favours the preferential orientation (111). Moreover, Al-induced crystallization method can effectively reduce the crystallization temperature of the CdZnTe film so that the film can be for high-quality oriented crystallization in a lower temperature. In addition, Al-induced crystallization can make the surface roughness of the film at a small value that facilitates the later application of the film.
Dissolution of Alumina in Molten Aluminum Electrolyte Based on Perforated Anode
Authors: Han Ming Rong , Yin Jian Guo , Huang Long Qiang
Published: June 2014

To solve the problem of alumina dissolution in perforated anode technology, dissolution behavior of alumina has been studied in the laboratory by simulating electrolyte parameters of the factory which has adopted the technology. The results show that alumina saturated solubility is 3.991% for system at 940°C. The relationship between dissolution rate and concentration of alumina does not have regular change when alumina concentration is less than about 1%. When the concentration is greater than about 1%, the dissolution rate declines with the increasing concentration of alumina. Combined with the production, the suggestions which can improve energy-saving effect are proposed as follows: the particle size and the concentration of alumina in the electrolyte should be controlled in the range of 44μm to 100μm and 1.5% to 3% respectively; the time interval of point loading and the alumina supply every time can be cut down properly and alumina can be preheated.
Fabrication of Twisted Continuous Nanofiber/Cotton Hybrid Yarns
Authors: Jiang Guo Jun , Zhao Wen Min , Qin Xiao Hong
Published: June 2014

In this study, the process of electrospinning was combined with traditional spin process to fabricate twisted continuous nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns. The morphologies and structures of the prepared polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns were investigated. Results showed that the twisted hybrid yarns can withstand the abrasion in conventional textile processes such as spinning. This novel method has shown potential for the production of hybrid yarns consisting of nanofibers and cotton fibers for potential applications in the textile industry.
Multiple Regression Corrosion Models and Corrosion Mechanism of High Chromium Cast Iron under Phosphoric Acid Medium Condition
Authors: Xu Liu Jie , Li Bao Yuan , Si An Heng , Wei Shi Zhong
Published: June 2014

The corrosion property of high chromium cast iron was test under different phosphoric acid medium concentration. On the base of experimental data, the binary equation model of corrosion weight loss (W) versus phosphoric acid concentration and corrosion time (c, t) was built using multiple regression analysis, which can predict corrosion property of high chromium cast iron effectively. The prediction results show that the corrosion weight loss rises lineally with increasing corrosion time, and the corrosion rate rises quadratically with increasing phosphoric acid concentration. The corrosion failure mechanism is that chromium composite carbides (M7C3) stand out of matrixes surface after the matrixes composed of martensite and austenite are corroded firstly, then the M7C3 carbides drop out of matrixes when the matrixes can not wrap M7C3 carbides, resulting gradual corrosion of high chromium cast iron. The prediction values have sufficiently mined the basic domain knowledge of corrosion process of high chromium cast iron under phosphoric acid medium. Therefore, a new way of predicting corrosion property according to corrosion conditions was provided by the authors.
Application of Visual Basic (VB) Language on Stress Corrosion Cracking Test of Materials
Authors: Sun Qi Lei , Liu Ze Rui , Yang Long
Published: June 2014

With Visual Basic (VB) language programming, on the basis of traditional SSRT testing, and by the superimposition of square wave load with certain frequency, the stress corrosion test of tensile fluctuating load can be realized. SCC sensitivity of specimen superimposed with square wave load is weaker and its fracture is flat. Results show that VB language programming can accurately and effectively simulate the fluctuating stress state of pipeline caused by pressure fluctuation of natural gas in the stress corrosion test of materials, and can better study the rule and mechanism of stress corrosion of materials, so as to find the economic and effective protection method.
Study on Microstructure and Property in Heat-Affected Zone of X80 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Huo Xiang Dong , Tian Zhen Zhuo , Li Lie Jun
Published: June 2014

Experimental methods, such as OM, TEM and property testing, were used to study the HAZ microstructure and property of X80 pipeline steel. HAZ can be divided into three regions, such as coarse grain zone, transition zone and fine grain zone. Granular bainite of CGHAZ consists of bainite ferrite (BF) lath and M/A constituents. Charpy impact energy of the HAZ is much lower than that of base metal, for the grain size of CGHAZ is much larger than that of BM, and crack formation and propagation of granular bainite is easy.
Method for Determining the Plastic Properties of Metallic Materials by Instrumented Indentation with Dual Pyramidal Indenters
Authors: Chen Wei , Ma De Jun , Wang Jia Liang , Huang Yong
Published: June 2014

Method for determining the plastic properties of metallic materials was proposed based on the functional relationships between representative stress, representative strain and nominal hardness which were established with the aid of dimensional analysis and finite element simulation. The errors of 0.2% yield strength and strain hardening exponent of five engineering metals were from-17.1% to 15.4% and from -0.125 to 0.11, respectively,which satisfied the need of engineering application and verified the effectiveness of the method.
Study on Flow Mechanism of Gas Injection in Porous Carbonate Core
Authors: Liu Hui , Qu Peng , Liu Yang
Published: June 2014

There are wide scale of porous carbonate reservoirs in around the world, that have low permeability with undeveloped fracture. With study target of Savark formation in Middle East, core gas flooding experiments are conducted and microscope seepage mechanism is researched further. The study results indicate, with formation condition, miscible associated gas flooding is not achieved easily because of high minimum miscible pressure; flooding efficiency of hydrocarbon gas injection is high, especially for miscible flooding, because gas flooding makes oil volume expanse and viscosity decrease, and then oil mobility will be improved. In the experiments, gas injection mainly displace mobile oil in macropore, so changing displacement manner should be considered to improve flooding efficiency further.
Influence of Carbon on Mechanical Behavior of Fe-Mn-C System Alloys
Authors: Dai Yong Juan , Mi Zhen Li
Published: June 2014

Fe-Mn-C alloys with different carbon content were developed as automobile sheet. Their mechanical properties were studies after hot rolled-cold rolled-different temperature annealed. It was found that carbon element effected mechanical behavior of Fe-Mn-C system alloys seriously. With carbon element increasing its deformation mechanisms turned transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect into twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) effect. Then the Fe-Mn-C alloys with different carbon content showed different mechanical behavior and different microstructure characterization.
Correlation Degree Analysis on Temperature and Operating Pressure to Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility
Authors: Sui Rong Juan , Chen Song Ying , Zhou Cheng , Liu Hai Bin , Chu Yan Hui
Published: June 2014

Temperature and operating pressure are important to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of stainless steel. The SCC susceptibility of 18-8 type austenitic stainless steel, 06Cr18Ni11Ti (S32168), in an environment containing hydrogen chloride was assessed using the slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) test under different temperature and operating pressure. Results of the SSRT test indicated that the impact of operating pressure on the SCC susceptibility was different at different temperatures. The correlation degrees of temperature and operating pressure to SCC susceptibility were calculated using the grey relational theory. The correlation degree of temperature to the SCC susceptibility was greater than that of operating pressure to the SCC susceptibility.
Experimental Study on Shot Peening to Improve Diaphragm Spring Fatigue Life of Automobile Clutch
Authors: Xu Hai Hua , Ye Yu Chun , Li Guang Fu
Published: June 2014

In the modern automotive industry, diaphragm spring clutch is widely used in light-duty and mini cars. Its service life depends on the performance and quality of pressure element-diaphragm spring. Improving diaphragm spring fatigue life and reducing elastic force decay rate will extend service life of diaphragm spring clutch. By comparing the fatigue life through bench test, shot peening on diaphragm spring can observably improve working fatigue life.
Research on Mechanics Performance of TP304H Austenitic Stainless Steel in the Process of Aging at High Temperature
Authors: Li Hua , Ni Jin Fei , Li Mao Dong , Hu Ning Yin , Wang Zhi Wu
Published: June 2014

The aging of initial TP304H austenitic stainless steel was simulated at 650°C,700°C and 750°C for 30d,60d and 150d respectively. These samples and the others, the samples aging for 15kh, 78kh and 80kh at the same temperature during the actual operation, were studied through the hardness test and tensile test to analyze the mechanics performance and its changing of TP304H steel. The results showed that for the same aging time, the hardness, yield strength and tensile strength of TP304H steel rise firstly and then turn to decrease with the growth of the aging temperature, while at the same aging temperature, the hardness, yield strength and tensile strength increase with the extension of aging time, which is similar with the increase tendency of mechanics parameters of TP304H aging during actual operation.
Theoretical Deduction of Constitutive Equations with Variational Parameters during Superplastic Tension
Authors: Guan Zhi Ping , Guan Xiao Fang , Song Yu Quan
Published: June 2014

In this article, firstly, the strain hardening index and the strain rate sensitivity index were deducted from the general state equation and the mechanical meaning of the two indexes were correspondingly depicted, and then constitutive equations, where both/either of the two indexes appear as constants, were theoretically deducted from the same state equation. Secondly, constitutive equations where both/either of the two indexes present as variables were put forward by numerical simulation. Next, constitutive equations were built, where mechanical variables are replaced by test data obtained on an electronic universal tensile tester with the capacity to carry out a true constant strain rate path. Finally, based on the test data of Zn-5%Al during superplastic tension, it is proved that the theoretical results in this article are valid.
Influence of Grain Size and Lamellar Spacing on the Fatigue Crack Propagation in γ-TiAl Alloy
Authors: Zuo Yan Rui , Rui Zhi Yuan , Feng Rui Cheng , Yan Chang Feng , Li Hai Yan
Published: June 2014

Study of grain size and lamellar spacing on fatigue crack propagation resistance in TiAl alloy has been done. The effects have been analyzed specifically. Meanwhile, the influence has been verified with some fatigue crack propagation experimental results and Paris formula. The experimental results confirmed that the grain size and lamellar spacing have significant effect on fatigue crack growth resistance. According to the Paris formula, the specific values of the constants in the formula were calculated.
Research on the Relationships between Plastic Viscosity of Picking Liquids and its Tack Value
Authors: An Wen , Yang Yong Gang , Zhao Yan
Published: June 2014

In order to find out the relation between viscosity and adhesiveness (tack value), different rate printing varnish was respectively added to a lemon yellow ink for manufacturing several ink samples, and then their viscosity were tested. In addition, plastic viscosities of the 13 picking liquids were measured, and their tack values under 9 separation velocities were also tested. The study result showed that the picking liquid having high viscosity may be have low tack value, but printing varnish can decrease simultaneously plastic viscosity and tack value of one picking liquid.
Hydrophobic Coating on Silicon Wafer by Use of Industrial Coating-Bar Process in Atmosphere Parameter
Authors: Hsu Chin Lin , Jou Shyankay , Chuang Ying Ji , Lin Ching Yuan
Published: June 2014

Silicon wafer is chosen in this work for the study of hydrophobic coating with industrial coating bar, due to the wafer has the superior flatness. Various amounts of TS-720 hydrophobic nano-particles were mixed into ITRI hydrophobic agent (H.A.), and this liquid mixture was applied onto material surface by use of a coating bar. In this study, we added the TS-720 nanoparticle from 0 – 2.5 wt% with ITRI H.A. The contact angle is higher than 135o, when we have 2.5 wt% TS-720 nanoparticle adding in ITRI H.A.
Preparation of Pd Composite Membrane and its Surface Morphological Changes after Elevating Temperature in Different Atmoshphere
Authors: Guo Yu , Jin Yu Jia , Wu Hong Mei , Li Dong Xin , Zhou Li Dai , Chen Qiang Qiang , Zhang Xiong Fu
Published: June 2014

Pd composite membranes were prepared on macroporous α-Al2O3 tubes modified by silicalite-1 zeolite. Permeation tests of the Pd composite membranes were performed at 773 K to observe the H2 permeance and H2/N2 selectivity. The H2 flux and ideal selectivity for Pd composite membrane was 0.120 mol m−2 s−1 and 450 under 0.1 MPa, respectively. The variation of the membrane surface after elevating temperature in N2 and air atmosphere was characterized in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) analyses. As a result, it can be concluded that the formation of pinholes and defects on the membrane surface can be attributed to the oxidation of the Pd membrane.
Research on the Microstructure and Properties of Coating on Galvannealed High Strength IF Steel
Authors: Wang Chuan , Teng Hua Xiang , Kang Yong Lin
Published: June 2014

The microstructure, formability and corrosion resistance characters of industrially produced galvannealed coatings on high strength interstitial free (IF) steel with different galvannealing temperature have been investigated. With the galvannealing temperature increases, the Fe content of coating is increase, and the powdering resistance gets weaker while the corrosion resistance gets better. The coating microstructure consisting of a δ phase as the main constituent with a ζ layer on the top surface provides a good powdering resistance. The compact δ and Γ phases are good for the corrosion resistance of coating
Influence of Additive on Morphology and Nucleation Mechanism for Zn-Electrodeposition
Authors: Huang Dao Bing , Tu Yuan Qiang , Cai Jie , Feng Guan Wen , Guo Xing Peng
Published: June 2014

In this study, the influence of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as additive on the morphology and nucleation mechanism for zinc electrodeposition on steel sheet was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and potentiostatic electrochemical techniques. From the analysis of the chronoamperometric transients and the SEM images, an instantaneous nucleation with 3D growth has been proposed in both baths with and without SDBS. It was found that the morphology of zinc electrodeposits varied from initial thin-layered hexagonal plates to a finer ridge and needle morphologies with increasing the overpotential as SDBS was added in the bath solution.
Microstructure and Mechanical Property Analyses of Brazing Titanium and Low Carbon Steel Using Silver-Based Brazing Alloy
Authors: Yuan Lin Lin , Han Jing Tao , Liu Jing
Published: June 2014

Brazing of commercially pure titanium to low carbon steel by using the Ag72Cu28 interlayer at different conditions was carried out in the present work in order to investigate the tensile-shear strength, microstructure and the fracture morphology of brazed joint. The results show that different intermetallic compounds such as CuTi,CuTi2,Cu4Ti3 and FeTi were formed at the bonding area. It was observed that the microstructure of joint has a considerable effect on tensile-shear strength of the brazed samples and the maximum tensile-shear strength was achieved at “750°C-10min→850°C-5min”.All the fracture paths after tensile-shear tests occurred in the interface between titanium and silver-based interlayer in spite of the different fracture morphology.
The Application and Research on Manufacturing Technology of the Heavy Forging
Authors: Ma Bao Cong , Tian Xiang Ke
Published: June 2014

For large forging is high-tech product of material, smelting, forging, heat treatment and it is the bottleneck which restricts the development of the modern heavy equipment manufacturing industry. The key technology such as forging and heat treatment of large forgings is researched. Finally, with the ultra supercritical power generation units of low-pressure rotor, the production process control technology such as smelting, forging and heat treatment is introduced. The method provides a reliable basis for the localization of production of ultra supercritical steam turbine rotor and has the important practical application value.
The Effect of Screw Speed on Extrusion Quality of the Single-Screw Extruder
Authors: Gao Yuan Lou , Wang Xin , Zhou Li
Published: June 2014

This paper adopts the method of multi-phase flow to simulate the extrusion process of single-screw extruder based on different screw speed by using the finite element analysis software, and get the conclusion that the screw speed has a significant effect on the extrusion quality and outlet pressure of the single-screw extruder. With the increase of the screw speed, the extrusion quality of the single-screw extruder gets worse and the outlet pressure of the single-screw extruder increases.
Effect of Mid-Roll Shift on the Strip Flatness for CVC 6-H Mill
Authors: Wang Dong Cheng , Wang Zhi Qun , Liu Hong Min
Published: June 2014

In order to obtain the best position of mid-roll shift, this paper studies the effect of different mid-roll shift position on the strip flatness of CVC 6-H mill. Strip element variation method and influence function method are put forward to analyze the effect of mid-roll shift on strip flatness. The results show the CVC 6-H mill is able to get good strip shape. The best shift position is obtained from the calculation results. The conclusion has a good significance for the practical application.
Stress-Strain Analysis of the Sun Shaft in Cross-Wedge-Rolling
Authors: Han Peng Biao , He Xiao Xi , Yan Hua Jun , Li Jun , Zhang Zhao , Chen Bing Zhe
Published: June 2014

Analysis of the basic characteristic of cross wedge rolling forming process and the stress -strain research at various stages are summed up in order to obtain the basic rule of law and the metal flow regular during forming.
The Influences on Microstructure and Segregation of the Jumbo Slab Ingot by Different Cooling Speed
Authors: Lv Nan , Jin Yong Long , Li Sheng Li , Ai Xin Gang
Published: June 2014

Shrinkage porosity and segregation defects are often found in an air cooled jumbo steel ingot, which will influence the quality of the final rolled plates.The solidification behaviours for a 60t jumbo slab ingot under varied cooling conditions were simulated using the ProCast software.The influences of different cooling speed on dendrite distribution and segregation were studied.The results show the jumbo slab ingot could freeze layer by layer when the heat transfer coeffcients of mould increase to 1000W·K-1·m-2. The thick finer chill zone were achieved. At the same time, the columnar crystals grow preferentially parrelling to the density of heat flow, and finer equiaxied crystals are formed in the core of the ingot. They all improve the microstructure and decrease the composition segregation of jumbo slab ingot.