bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Competence And Incentives Towards Teaching Quality At Paud Pelita Hati Dusun Pulau Jelmu Kecamatan Jujuhan Kabupaten Bungo Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani
Published: September 2023

This research is attracted by the important role of the teacher which cannot be ignored, both the government, stakeholders and the teacher himself. Teachers must always improve their competence in carrying out their duties, teachers must master the main areas of work, so that teachers become professional teachers. The results of the 2015 Teacher Competency Test (UKG) were still low, the average teacher score reached 48.69 in Provinsi Jambi. The researcher found data on teachers who still had high school qualifications teaching as PAUD teachers, although there were those with bachelor's degrees, but that was very small and they were reluctant teaching in PAUD due to the lack of incentives received by PAUD teachers ranging from Rp. 300-600 only per month. This study aims to determine the effect of competence and incentives on the quality of teaching teachers at PAUD Pelita Hati, Pulau Jelmu Kecamatan Jujuhan, Kabupaten Bungo, Provinsi Jambi. The research method is a quantitative descriptive method and the approach used is a quantitative approach. The population and sample were all Pelita Hati PAUD teachers, totaling 8 people. The results of this study found that there was a significant effect of teacher competence and incentives on teacher teaching quality because it had an Fcount of 3.671 > Ftable of 3.24 and a sig. 0.035 < 0.05. The results of this study show that competence and incentives can jointly support the improvement of teacher teaching quality. The competence possessed by the teacher and supported by the incentives provided by the school to the teacher contributes to the high quality of teaching the teacher, both coming from each individual and the motivation given by the school principal will automatically make the teacher passionate about carrying out his duties
The Problems of Mathematics Learning at Class V SDN 12 Sungai Sapih in Naterial of Calculation (Multlipication and Division)
Authors: Zahra Salmatun , Tiarani Nuri , Utami Dini Sri
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze the mathematical learning problems of fifth grade students at SDN 12 Sungai Sapih in learning to count (multiplication and division). This type of research uses qualitative methods. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The population and sample in this study were 1 teacher and 4 5th grade students at SDN 12 Sungai Sapih. The results of the study found that (1) students' perceptions of mathematics subjects in counting learning (multiplication and division) (2) The teacher's role in increasing the interest of fifth grade students at SDN 12 Sungai Sapih in Mathematics subjects in learning to count (multiplication and division). (3) Learning problems faced by students in Mathematics subjects in learning to count (multiplication and division) (4) Solutions to problems faced by students and teachers in the teaching and learning process in mathematics subjects in numeracy learning
The Problems of Broken Home toward Students' Mental and Achievement at Grade IV SDN 23 Lolong Padang Utara, Padang City
Authors: Maharani Indah , Efendi Nofriza , Rokif Ismul , Putriah Neli
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze how the Problems of Broken Home on Mental and Student Achievement in Grade IV at Public Alementary School 23 Lolong, North Padang District, Padang City. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive type. The subjects of this research are fourth grade teachers and students. This research was conducted at Public Alementary School 23 Lolong, North Padang District, Padang City in July 2022. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. . The results showed that the problems of broken homes in students caused differences in interest in learning, which came from broken home families, but it cannot be denied that there are also some children who have a high interest in learning even though they come from broken home families. Parents and teachers have an important role in the mental and learning achievements of children, namely teachers must pay more attention to the learning of children who experience broken homes and parents must be able to establish good relationships with children even though they are divorced from their husbands or wives, because students who experience the impact of a broken home looking for someone or a friend who can provide motivation to be more enthusiastic in living life, and to have an interest in learning and learning achievement that is increasing than before and getting achievements in school
The Implementation of Cooperative Learning Mod to Increase Students' Learning Results in IPS Materials of Economic Activities at Grade IV SDN 06 Bukit Gadang
Authors: Efrianis Efrianis
Published: September 2023

This research concerns the effect of using the NHT Cooperative Learning learning model on student learning outcomes in social studies class IV SDN 06 Bukit Gadang. One of the materials taught in class IV SDN 06 Bukit Gadang Semester I is economic activity. In this material the authors found problems in class, namely the low learning outcomes obtained by students. From the initial test, the following results were obtained: of the 22 students who completed, only 8 (36.36%) completed, while 14 (66.64%) had not completed. To overcome this problem, the researchers made improvements to learning by using the NHT Type Cooperative Learning learning model. This model is a model that increases cooperation and responsibility between students in study groups by collaborating with their friends in solving problems and being able to answer questions given by the teacher based on the order of each number. Students work in study groups and are able to answer teacher questions based on the number called. At the end of Cycles I and II, individual tests were held using the NHT Type Cooperative Learning learning model, which was expected to improve the learning outcomes of Class IV students at SDN 06 Bukit Gadang. After learning was carried out using the NHT Type Cooperative Learning learning model, there was an increase in learning outcomes. From the initial data, the average value obtained by students was 66.86 in the pre-cycle, which increased to 73.77 at the end of cycle I and increased to 83.64 at the end of cycle II. Besides that, there was also an increase in the percentage of learning completeness. In the initial data with a total of 20 students, only 36.36% of students who completed, at the end of cycle I the number of students who completed increased to 54.55% and at the end of cycle II the students who completed increased to 86.36%.
The Problems of Bullying toward Students' Learning Achievements at Grade V SD Negeri 23 Lolong
Authors: Ummy Khaira Nurul , Susilawati Susilawati , Yanda Yilma
Published: September 2023

This study aims to identify the impact of bullying on children's achievement in class V SDN 23 Lolong. This research uses a qualitative approach. The case subjects in this study consisted of fifth grade teachers and students. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that bullying behavior was very influential on the character, interests, and learning values ​​of students. Generally, this bullying behavior is carried out verbally in the form of insults or innuendos to weak students. In this case, the teacher plays an important role in preventing bullying. (1) The teacher gives an understanding to the students that the bullying behavior is a disgraceful act. (2) The teacher explains the bad impact of the bullying to the students. (3) The teacher advises, guides, and supports students to become better. It is also hoped that there will be cooperation between teachers and parents in the children's learning process and pay attention to the bad attitudes of children in their environment
Optimizing the Role of Supervising Teachers Through Small Groups and Peer Tutors Tutoring Teaching Types to Strengthen the Character, Spirituality, Academics and Discipline (KSAD) of Students at SMAN 1 Asam Jujuhan, Dharmasraya Regency
Authors: Yanti Efrita
Published: September 2023

The low level of application of character values ​​and religious values ​​by school members, such as the rise of dishonesty in the National Examination (UN), fights between students or between schools, sexual abuse by students against their own friends, the rise of pornographic videos. This can be overcome through the character of education, so that the goal of national education can be achieved, namely a nation that is intelligent and has noble morals and becomes a complete human being. The aim of this school action research is to explain the implementation of the peer tutoring learning model with small groups. Tutoring teaching type in strengthening Academic and Disciplinary Spiritual Character (KSAD) values ​​through National Development Character Group activities for students at SMAN 1 Asam Jujuhan. This type of research is School Action Research which consists of 2 cycles with a span of 2 months. Cycle I lasted for 3 meetings at SMAN 1 Asam Jujuhan. Cycle II started the same activity, namely 3 meetings at SMAN 1 Asam Jujuhan, with the same material and treatment). The results of the study show that the results of the KSAD guidance of students have increased. In several indicators of student attendance, it showed a very different increase from cycle I to cycle II. The increase in the results of student Army Chief of Staff guidance shows that the small group learning method and peer tutoring with the tutoring type of learning have succeeded in making students motivated to apply character, spiritual, academic and disciplinary values, although not all children are successful in this guidance
The Visual Learning Style In the Thematic Learning Process at grade V SDN 12 Kampung Durian, Padang Timur District, Padang
Authors: Dini Putri Arifah Nabila , Osman An-Nisa , Putri Liza Amanda
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze how visual learning styles in the thematic learning process in class V at SDN 12 Kampung durian, East Padang District, Padang City. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The subjects of this research are fifth grade teachers and students. This research was conducted at SDN 12 Kampung durian, East Padang District, Padang City in July 2022. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the application of visual learning styles in the thematic learning process, students were more likely to have a visual learning style in which students preferred to be read to rather than read alone. Teachers have an important role in increasing the interest of students, namely by trying to make various methods, media that are in accordance with thematic learning in the classroom. The most prominent learning style used by students is the visual learning style. This is because students prefer to learn by watching the teacher explain in front and also students prefer to read accompanied by related pictures from reading or learning materials
GRUPO ECO-ACACIANOS: LA ESCUELA COMO ESCENARIO PARA LA TRANSFORMACIÓN SOCIAL, LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOSTENIBLE EN LA IED ACACIA II
Authors: Melo Jaramillo Carolina
Published: September 2023

This article tells the motivations, progress and impact of the "Eco- Acacianos" project, an institutional project of the IED Acacia II that is part of the National Environmental Education policy and that was nominated for the 2021 educational innovation award.
EDUCACIÓN NO PRESENCIAL. EL SENTIDO OCULTO DE LA ESCUELA EN LA PANDEMIA.
Authors:   Revista Digital de Educación Discimus, Avendaño Rondon Cristhian Camilo
Published: September 2023

This article is part of the analysis of the experiences of the teachers of the Jorge Gaitán Cortés IED School in the face of the transformation of education caused by the global pandemic, Covid -19. To do this, an exercise of discursive analysis and collection of experiences focused on the teacher's work was used. The study is a content analysis based on the Laurence Bardin method that allows to show ruptures, relationships and heuristics when assuming non-face-to-face education in a district school.
El rol del maestro como investigador
Authors: Avendaño Rondon Leonardo
Published: September 2023

La investigación en el aula de clase se lleva a cabo las cuarenta semanas del calendario académico, es decir, en el escenario escolar, esto no quiere decir que los demás días del año no se realice una reflexión sobre los fenómenos y tensiones que al interior del aula se acontecen. La profesión docente mediada por innovaciones y respuestas efectivas a las diversas problemáticas que el mundo actual afrontan, hacen indispensable este rol, enseñar no es lo mismo que ocupar, por ello a lo largo de diversas estrategias, se ha pretendido transformar la sociedad.
Kinas autoritære statskapitalisme og dens forudsætninger: Med industripolitikken som omdrejningspunkt
Authors: Christensen Nis Høyrup
Published: September 2023

Artiklen diskuterer Kinas autoritære kapitalisme med hovedvægten på de mekanismer, der kendetegner landets specielle måde at drive sin økonomi på. Et omdrejningspunkt er her industripolitikken, som udgør en markant forskel til vestlige markedsøkonomier.
De ældres indkomst – det grå guld
Authors: Quitzau Jarl
Published: September 2023

De ældre betragtes og beskrives ofte som en relativt svag gruppe – ikke kun i fysisk forstand, men også økonomisk. Denne artikel sætter fokus på de ældres indkomstforhold. Vi skal se nærmere på de økonomiske forhold for både de fattigste og de rigeste ældre og sætte deres indkomst i relief i forhold til indkomsten i det øvrige samfund.
De ældres formue og gæld
Authors: Møller Bo
Published: September 2023

På grundlag af Danmarks Statistiks nye årlige familiefordelte formue- og gældsstatistik, der i første omgang dækker situationen ultimo 2014, belyses formue- og gældsforholdene blandt de ældre på 65 år eller derover. De ældre sammenlignes med de yngre under 65 år,spredningen i nettoformuen blandt de ældre belyses, sammenhængen mellem formue og indkomst analyseres osv.
Hvorfor ramte krisen ikke de ældres beskæftigelse i OECD-landene?
Authors: Larsen Mona , Pedersen Peder J.
Published: September 2023

I årene siden årtusindskiftet og fortsat under finanskrisen er beskæftigelsen steget blandt ældre i OECD-landene i modsætning til udviklingen blandt yngre. Vi ser på nogle af forklaringsfaktorerne uddannelse, helbred, jobkarakteristika og reformer på tilbagetrækningsområdet.
Cultural and Political Factors Affecting Deer Conservation in Barzan-Mergasur, Kurdistan Region Iraq
Authors:   , Othman Jwan Omar
Published: September 2023

The modern wildlife conservation movement aims to reduce biodiversity loss and maintain cultural values and livelihoods in tandem through area-based conservation. Legislation to protect vulnerable species is a key part of any conservation strategy. Therefore, this thesis investigates the contribution of cultural and social factors associated with the local community of Barzan-Mergasur on the protection of Middle Eastern roe deer (Capreolus capreolus coxi) and their environment, and how these circumstances, together with the political factors in KRI act to increase or reduce protection of this species. A mixed methods research design included a questionnaire survey of local people, field observations and interviews with representatives from governmental and non-governmental bodies involved in wildlife conservation, academics and local representatives. This study finds that a strategy to achieve effective conservation of deer and their environment in KRI needs to: • address hunting by engaging with local hunters as an important source of forest knowledge. • strengthen the hunting licence system, and strengthen the enforcement chain, including public and CSO/NGO contribution to enforcement. • adequately resource and support the enforcement agencies. The research finds that political effort towards a protected area is diminished by factors mainly related to institutional context and capacity, principally lack of leadership, bureaucratic inertia, and lack of resources, as well as external economic forces. The duality of government agency, administrative oversight and the enforcement of responsibility for conservation should be ended by revision of the legal provisions. Better government engagement with the public, including the local community in Barzan-Mergasur and CSO/NGO community representatives, academic expertise, and international environmental campaigns such as the IUCN, CBD and CITES would ameliorate these impediments. The research shows that Middle Eastern roe deer have the qualities to be a flagship species for locality-based conservation in the Barzan-Mergasur area. The persistence of cultural traditions of forest protection in the local community have the potential to be a foundation for community engagement and could lead to the promotion of sustainable tourism in line with current best practice in locality-based conservation. Aspects of community and political situation under study in the KRI are likely to be applicable to other conservation challenges world-wide, particularly in low-to-middle income countries (developing countries). The research demonstrates that the “5C” model derived by Najam, for analysing the likely success of the implementation of social policy (particularly environmental policy), addresses comprehensively the significant elements shown by the research literature to determine conservation success, and can be used to analyse local strengths and weaknesses to generate a workable basis for conservation strategy.
The future needs the past: remaking William Morris through contemporary art practice
Authors:   , Taylor Diana Rosalind
Published: September 2023

In partnership with the William Morris Gallery, London, this practice-based research revolves around the impact of the past within the present, as explored through traditional, mechanical, and digital processes. This project views notional time as repetitive, with historical time understood through technological cycles, and by a kind of shuttling between the Industrial Revolution (and specifically the advances in industrial manufacture during Morris’s era) to today’s Digital Revolution. This temporal shuttling is manifested in my practice by shifting both temporally and spatially between past and present; moreover I use cyclical processes as the work shifts in mode from hand to machine, into digital and back to the hand. The destabilising of apparent binaries of art/craft, analogue/digital, ancient/modern, authentic/ copy is important to my approach. Connections are drawn between archives from the William Morris Gallery and my own collections of both found and inherited materials. In this respect, I am concerned with how personal archives can be viewed alongside Morris’s wider historical English heritage in a post-industrial, digital age. In current times of rapid technological advancements - as with the Arts and Crafts Movement - the revival of traditional materials and ways of making has become a significant trend in contemporary art. For example, I refer often to the proliferation of textile or thread-based craft processes, stemming from those my mother used and echoing those of William Morris. This interweaving of perspectives on the past can be said to emerge from my mixed British/Greek-Cypriot heritage. Hence this project builds on aspects of the concept of hauntology, which is concerned with the continual impact of the past within the present, and the oscillation of absence and presence of temporal revenants. As I explore within, the notion of contemporaneity echoes hauntological speculations about a lost future which ensues from our persistent gaze towards the past. Thus, I offer an understanding of ambivalent contemporaneity through a material perspective, via an assemblage of multiple authors, temporalities and technologies.
AP003352.1/miR-141-3p axis enhances the proliferation of osteosarcoma by LPAR3
Authors: Yu Hongde , Zhang Bolun , Qi Lin , Han Jian , Guan Mingyang , Li Jiaze , Meng Qingtao
Published: September 2023

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis and a growing incidence. LncRNAs and microRNAs control the occurrence and development process of osteosarcoma through ceRNA patterns. The LPAR3 gene is important in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and disease development. However, the regulatory mechanism of the ceRNA network through which LPAR3 participates in osteosarcoma has not been clarified. Herein, our study demonstrated that the AP003352.1/miR-141-3p axis drives LPAR3 expression to induce the malignant progression of osteosarcoma. First, the expression of LPAR3 is regulated by the changes in AP003352.1 and miR-141-3p. Similar to the ceRNA of miR-141-3p, AP003352.1 regulates the expression of LPAR3 through this mechanism. In addition, the regulation of AP003352.1 in malignant osteosarcoma progression depends to a certain degree on miR-141-3p. Importantly, the AP003352.1/miR-141-3p/LPAR3 axis can better serve as a multi-gene diagnostic marker for osteosarcoma. In conclusion, our research reveals a new ceRNA regulatory network, which provides a novel potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma.
Examination of distraction and discomfort caused by using glare monitors: a simultaneous electroencephalography and eye-tracking study
Authors: Akimoto Yoritaka , Miyake Keito
Published: September 2023

Background

Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, remote work and education and digital display use have become more prevalent. However, compared with printed material, digital displays cause more eye fatigue and may decrease task performance. For instance, the reflections on the monitor can cause discomfort or distraction, particularly when glare monitors are used with black backgrounds.

Methods

This study simultaneously uses electroencephalography (EEG) and an eye-tracker to measure the possible negative effects of using a glare monitor on the illegibility of sentences.

Results

The experiment results showed no difference in reading time and subjective illegibility rating between glare and non-glare monitors. However, with glare monitors, eye fixation when reading lasted longer. Further, EEG beta (15–20 Hz) power variations suggested that the participants were less engaged in the reading task when a glare monitor was used with a black background.

Conclusions

These results indicate that the negative effects of using a glare monitor are subtle but certainly present. They also show that physiological measures such as EEG and eye tracking can assess the subtle effects in an objective manner, even if behavioral measures such as subjective illegibility ratings or reading time may not show the differences.
DEVOUR: Deleterious Variants on Uncovered Regions in Whole-Exome Sequencing
Authors: Türk Erdem , Ayaz Akif , Yüksek Ayhan , Süzek Barış E.
Published: September 2023

The discovery of low-coverage (i.e. uncovered) regions containing clinically significant variants, especially when they are related to the patient’s clinical phenotype, is critical for whole-exome sequencing (WES) based clinical diagnosis. Therefore, it is essential to develop tools to identify the existence of clinically important variants in low-coverage regions. Here, we introduce a desktop application, namely DEVOUR (DEleterious Variants On Uncovered Regions), that analyzes read alignments for WES experiments, identifies genomic regions with no or low-coverage (read depth < 5) and then annotates known variants in the low-coverage regions using clinical variant annotation databases. As a proof of concept, DEVOUR was used to analyze a total of 28 samples from a publicly available Hirschsprung disease-related WES project (NCBI Bioproject: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/?term=PRJEB19327), revealing the potential existence of 98 disease-associated variants in low-coverage regions. DEVOUR is available from https://github.com/projectDevour/DEVOUR under the MIT license.
Allelopathic Effects of Selected Weed Species on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Saif Hasib Bin , Karim Md. Rezaul , Mokarroma Nadira , Sultana Shifat , Mohammad Ashek
Published: September 2023

A laboratory experiment was conducted at the plant physiology division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during 2019-20 to assess the allelopathic effects of some selected weed species on seed germination and seedling growth of mungbean. Four weed species viz., Durba (Cynodon dactylon), White cock’s comb (Celocia argentia), Shyama (Echinochloa crusgalli), Shak notae (Amaranthus viridis) were used for mungbean (BARI Mug 6). Boiled and un-boiled weed extracts reduced the germination and primary growth of mungbean. The ranking of weed species in respect of inhibitory effect on seed germination of mungbean was Celocia argentia (33.4%) > Cynodon dactylon (45.4%) > Amaranthus viridis (86.3%) > Echinochloa crusgalli (88.3%). Durba (Cynodon dactylon) and White cock’s comb (Celocia argentia) had strong detrimental effect on primary growth of mungbean. The extracts of all the parts of weeds inhibited germination and primary growth of this crop. The relative efficiency of inhibition of germination and primary growth by different weed extracts was in the order of stem > whole plant > leaf > root. The reduction of germination and primary growth increased with increasing extract concentrations. So, it could be suggested that Cynodon dactylon and Celocia argentia had strong detrimental effect on mungbean. Therefore, the cited weeds must be taken into well care and it should be avoided in seed bed for growing Mungbean seedlings. Further studies need to be carried out to explore the effects of allelopathy of selected weeds on seed germination and seedling growth of mungbean.
Response of Zinc and Foliar Spray of Boron on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Embadwar Purnanand , Umesha C.  , Chavan Prajwal Dipak
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season (2022) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (UP). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly natural in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.28 6), available N (225 kg/ha), available P (19.50 kg/ha) and available K (213.7 kg/ha). The Treatments consisted of 3 levels of each micro-nutrients having boron (B 1-0.25%), (B 2- 0.5%) (B 3-0.75%) and Zinc (Zn 1-3 kg/ha), (Zn 2-5 kg/ha) and (Zn 3-7 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatments with three replication each. The treatments combinations are T1: Zinc at 3 kg/ha + Boron at 0.25%, T2: Zinc at 3 kg/ha + Boron at 0.5%, T3: Zinc at 3 kg/ha + Boron at 0.75%, T4: Zinc at 5 kg/ha + Boron at 0.25%, T5: Zinc at 5 kg/ha + Boron at 0.5%, T6: Zinc at 5 kg/ha + Boron at 0.75%, T7: Zinc at 7 kg/ha + Boron at 0.25%, T8: Zinc at 7 kg/ha + Boron at 0.5%, T9: Zinc at 7 kg/ha + Boron at 0.75%, T10: Control (RDF- 20:60:20 kg/ha) are used. Application of Zinc in combination with Boron 0.75% recorded significantly higher in plant height (55.21 cm), No. of nodules/plant (62.16), plant dry weight (22.13 g) and higher yield attribute namely No. of pods/plant (33.21), No. of seeds/pod (1.30), seed yield (3.09 t/ha) and stover yield (4.55 t/ha). Maximum B:C ratio (2.38) was also recorded in same treatment, treatment no. T9 (Zinc + Boron 0.75%) in chickpea crop.
Green Nanotechnology: Harnessing Rice Husk Ash for Nano-Silica and Characterization Insights
Authors: Teja Kotti Ravi , Kaleeswari R. K. , Janaki P. , Rahale C. Sharmila , Ramalakshmi A.
Published: September 2023

In the form of nanoparticles, silica is a significant inorganic component of rice husk. Consequently, it is feasible to extract high purity amorphous silica nanoparticles by straightforward thermo-chemical processes. So, in this study, an eco-friendly chemical treatment method (Green Synthesis) was used to try and manufacture amorphous silica nanoparticles from rice husk ash. I had done synthesizing silica nanoparticle in Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry, TNAU, Coimbatore in the year 2023 and the aim of this study is to characterize the silica nano particle and use it on agricultural crops. Selected region from X-ray diffraction analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy, silica sample exhibited amorphous behaviour as seen in the electron diffraction patterns, whereas the Fourier-transform infrared Spectroscopy spectra primarily contained siloxane and silanol groups. Images obtained in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the existence of primary nanoparticles with secondary microparticles, possibly as a result of their agglomeration. These silica nanoparticles can therefore be used in the fields of microelectronics, sensors, nano-additives and will be suitable on implication on agricultural crops.
Assessment of Use of Medical Forensic Evidence in Investigation and Prosecution Process of Defilement Perpetrators, A Case Study of Ruiru Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Muchemi Rose Waruguru , Kariuki John , Thaimuta Zakayo , Kariuki Peterson
Published: September 2023

Background: Defilement has been recognized as one of the crimes in which such a ceiling in evidential presentation is critical. According to WHO statistics, More than 95 million children are abused annually, Where Africa is the most affected continent. Defilement incidences are alarming globally, regionally, and locally. There are new cases of defilement reported every week with 83 % emanating from a well-known perpetrator to the survivor.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the use of medical forensic evidence in the investigation and prosecution process of defilement perpetrators, A case study of Ruiru Sub-County, Kenya.

Method: Research was conducted using an analytical cross-sectional approach. Sixty-six participants in the study were chosen using a stratified random sampling technique. The techniques used to collect the data were both qualitative and quantitative. The strength of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables was assessed using the Pearson correlation. The threshold for statistical significance was set at 0.05.

Results: There was a significant correlation between Compliant with set standards against investigation and the prosecution of defilement incidences(p=.005). There was a significant Correlation between the Availability of forensic tools against investigation and the prosecution of defilement incidents(p=.000). Concerning the correlation between knowledge of the guardians against investigation and prosecution of defilement Incidents there was no significant association(p=.630).

Conclusion: From this research, compliance with set standards and procedures for evidence admissibility of defilement evidence was adequate. Study respondents had good knowledge of the use of medical forensic evidence during the investigation and prosecution of defilement incidences. The study concluded that most of the facilities and officers are not equipped with materials for the collection of evidence.
Acute and Sub-Acute Oral Toxicity Studies of an Aqueous Extract of Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Vatke (Asteraceae) in Rodents
Authors: Yvette Nguezeye , Mamat Amina , Yadang Sabine Adeline Fanta , Joseph Ngaibi , Bigued  , Tarkang Protus Arrey , Agbor Gabriel Agbor , Germain Sotoing Taiwe , Elisabeth Ngo Bum
Published: September 2023

Chrysanthellum americanum is a medicinal plant widely used in the North region of Cameroon for the treatment of epilepsy and convulsion. This study aimed to investigate the acute and subacute toxicity of the aqueous extract of C. americanum using experimental rodent models. For the acute toxicity test, a single dose of 27.69, 69.22, 138.45, 276.9 and 5000 mg/kg of extract was administered orally to mice. In the subacute study, the extract was administered orally to rats at the doses of 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day for 28 days; and finally, biochemical, haematological, and histological analysis were performed. The highest dose of the aqueous extract (5000 mg/kg) administered orally in the acute toxicity did not induce mortality. However, at the dose of 1000 mg/kg in the sub-acute treatment, an increase in white blood cell and platelet levels were observed in the haematological parameters. A slight decrease in the cholesterol and hepatic enzyme (ALAT, ASAT) levels for the biochemical parameters was noticed compared to the control group. From this study, it can be concluded that C. americanum can be considered safe in oral administration at the dose tested since it did not cause lethality or undesirable effects in the general behaviour.
Assessment of the Cost Differences and Variability of Medicines for the Treatment of Heart Failure in India
Authors: Kumar Chakrapani , Kumar Rajesh , Rana Akhilesh Kumar , Singh Sunil Kumar , Singh Shruti
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Heart failure, a global health concern affecting millions, has varying prevalence, classifications, and treatments. Standard therapy includes ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and diuretics. Newer options like ARNIs and sinoatrial node modulators are recommended. There is no previous research on cost disparity in heart failure medication in India. The objective of this research, which aims at reducing treatment costs, increasing adherence to therapy and using medicines more carefully, is to assess the differences in cost between various medicinal products.
Methods: The maximum and minimum price of each brand of the drugs given in Indian rupees (INR) was noted by using ‘Drug Today’ (January to April 2023, volume II). The cost range, cost ratio, and the percentage cost variation for individual drug brands were calculated. The cost of tablets/capsule was calculated and the cost ratio and percentage cost variation of various brands was compared.
Results: After calculation of cost ratio and percentage cost variation for each brands of drug used in the management of Heart failure, tab Propranolol (40 mg) had a maximum percentage cost variation of 678% and a cost ratio of 7.78 while tab Candesartan (8 mg) had a minimum percentage cost variation of 006% and cost ratio of 1.06. Ideally we use the drug which cost ratio less than 2 and percentage cost variation less than 100.
Conclusions: There is a wide variation in the price of different brands of drug used in the management of Heart failure available in India. The clinicians prescribing these drugs should be aware of these variations to reduce the financial burden of drug therapy and improve compliance.
Medium and Waves Clarifying Fundamental Physics
Authors: Willigenburg L. Gerard Van , Koning Willem L. De
Published: September 2023

Although quantum theory, relativity and gravity provide excellent predictions of observations in their corresponding domains, a qualitative understanding of these three pillars of fundamental physics and their connection, is still very much lacking. As shown in this paper, by considering a medium (ether) in three-dimensional Euclidean space, representing potential energy, and waves in this medium representing all physical objects and phenomena, all three can be much better connected and understood. All waves move with the velocity of light c which is only approximately constant because it is assumed to depend on medium density. From this medium with waves model of physics, three delusions obscuring fundamental physics are identified. These prevent connecting relativity, gravity and quantum theory and obscure their qualitative understanding. As to the quantitative understanding, the waves are shown to connect to the mathematics of relativity and gravity. In connecting to the mathematics of quantum theory, a specific type of wave, called luminal waves, is shown to have a huge advantage. On the other hand, this type of wave is shown to reside at a less fundamental level than a second type of wave that is also considered in this paper.
An Exploration of Students’ Current Reading Habits and Skills
Authors: Magsalin Camille Nadine T.
Published: September 2023

This study is an exploration of students' reading habits and skills. This research employed a cross-sectional survey design to assess students' reading habits and skills. In a cross-sectional study, data is gathered in general to concentrate on a populace at a single point to look at the connection between variables of interest. Some inconsistencies in data trends were found in reading frequency and duration. This may indicate that higher reading frequencies and/or longer reading durations does not necessarily translate to better reading comprehension. Frequent reading of a material that does not effectively reinforce reading comprehension skills may just be as effective as infrequent reading of a material of substance. The findings of the study will be helpful for Academic Institutions, Educators, and Students. In the first place, this review will assist Academic Institutions with working on the school in the advancement of reading programs for student improvement. This study will cultivate better approaches for improving learning, skills, and abilities, thus training universally driven students in the future.
Expanding Mental Health Care Access—Remote Therapeutic Monitoring for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Ekekezie Obinna , Hartstein George Luke , Torous John
Published: September 2023

This Viewpoint explores the challenges and opportunities for remote therapeutic monitoring as an innovative mental health treatment model.
Deep learning in MRI‐guided radiation therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Eidex Zach , Ding Yifu , Wang Jing , Abouei Elham , Qiu Richard L. J. , Liu Tian , Wang Tonghe , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2023

Recent advances in MRI‐guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) and deep learning techniques encourage fully adaptive radiation therapy (ART), real‐time MRI monitoring, and the MRI‐only treatment planning workflow. Given the rapid growth and emergence of new state‐of‐the‐art methods in these fields, we systematically review 197 studies written on or before December 31, 2022, and categorize the studies into the areas of image segmentation, image synthesis, radiomics, and real time MRI. Building from the underlying deep learning methods, we discuss their clinical importance and current challenges in facilitating small tumor segmentation, accurate x‐ray attenuation information from MRI, tumor characterization and prognosis, and tumor motion tracking. In particular, we highlight the recent trends in deep learning such as the emergence of multi‐modal, visual transformer, and diffusion models.
Flexible Thin‐Film Neural Electrodes with Improved Conformability for ECoG Measurements and Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Imai Ayano , Takahashi Shunta , Furubayashi Sho , Mizuno Yosuke , Sonoda Masaki , Miyazaki Tomoyuki , Miyashita Eizo , Fujie Toshinori
Published: September 2023

Neural electrodes for electrocorticography (ECoG) recording and electrical stimulation are used for diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, which are temporarily attached to the surface of cerebral cortex within the subdural space. However, conventional electrodes have a mechanical mismatch with the surface curvature of the brain cortex. Thus, it is necessary to develop a thin and flexible ECoG electrode to overcome the mechanical mismatch with cortex tissue and achieve long‐term ECoG measurement. Herein, a flexible thin‐film electrode is reported with a thickness of ≈8 µm by exploiting printed electronics. A simple fabrication method of conductive wiring is proposed by inkjet printing Au nanoink on a flexible elastomeric thin film consisting of polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐polystyrene (SBS). The conductive wiring printed on the SBS thin film is encapsulated by another SBS thin film as an insulation layer, with laser‐processed micropatterns. The flexible thin‐film electrode is implanted on the cortical surface of rats and used for in vivo ECoG recording and electrical stimulation without the occurrence of severe inflammatory reactions after 6 weeks of implantation. The flexible electrode with 35 ECoG channels visualized the epileptiform activity in a drug‐induced epilepsy rat model, which demonstrates the potential application for the management of intractable epilepsy.
Versatile Optical Tweezer by Geometric Metalens with Phase‐Tailored Focusing Trajectory
Authors: Shi Weijie , Tang Lili , Zhang Shuyan , Wang Jin , Li Jiaqi , Dong Zheng‐Gao
Published: September 2023

A geometric metalens is presented that can achieve a three‐dimensional focusing curve embedded with on‐trajectory tailored phase distribution. The proposed design strategy is highlighted by flexible modulations on both the focusing trajectory and the on‐trajectory gradient phase and by the independent designability between them. The coexisting intensity gradient force and phase gradient force are numerically investigated, which can jointly provide the versatile abilities to push particles along the curve in the direction of phase increasing. This design strategy offers more controllability degrees of freedom on a complex optical field and is promising to miniaturize the contactless system of multifunctional optical manipulation on tiny particles.
Direct Immunoactivation by Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Wang Yurui , Song Yiran , He Yazhi , Wang Yang , Maurer Jochen , Kiessling Fabian , Lammers Twan , Wang Feng , Shi Yang
Published: September 2023

The immune system plays a crucial role in recognizing and eliminating pathogenic substances and malignant cells in the body. For cancer treatment, immunotherapy is becoming the standard treatment for many types of cancer and is often combined with chemotherapy. Although chemotherapeutic agents are often reported to have adverse effects, including immunosuppression, they can also play a positive role in immunotherapy by directly stimulating the immune system. This has been demonstrated in preclinical and clinical studies in the past decades. Chemotherapeutics can activate immune cells through different immune receptors and signaling pathways, depending on their chemical structure and formulation. In this review, the direct immunoactivation effects of chemotherapeutics and the possible mechanisms behind these effects are summarized and discussed. Finally, chemo‐immunotherapeutic combinations are prospected for the more effective and safer treatment of cancer.
Upconversion‐Luminescent Fiber Microchannel Sensors for Temperature Monitoring at High Spatial Resolution in the Brains of Freely Moving Animals
Authors: Zhou Bingqian , Fan Kuikui , Zhai Jiazhen , Jin Cheng , Kong Lingjie
Published: September 2023

Brain temperature is a critical factor affecting neural activity and function, whose fluctuations may result in acute life‐threatening health complications and chronic neuropathology. To monitor brain temperature, luminescent nanothermometry (LN) based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with low autofluorescence has received extensive attention for its advantages in high temperature sensitivity and high response speed. However, most of current the LNs are based on optical imaging, which fails in temperature monitoring in deep brain regions at high spatial resolution. Here, the fiber microchannel sensor (FMS) loaded with UCNPs (UCNP‐FMS) is presented for temperature monitoring at high spatial resolution in the deep brains of freely moving animals. The UCNP‐FMS is fabricated by incorporating UCNPs in microchannels of optical fibers, whose diameter is ∼50 µm processed by femtosecond laser micromachining for spatially resolved sensing. The UCNPs provide thermal‐sensitive upconversion emissions at dual wavelengths for ratiometric temperature sensing, ensuring a detection accuracy of ± 0.3 °C at 37 °C. Superior performances of UCNP‐FMS are demonstrated by real‐time temperature monitoring in different brain regions of freely moving animals under various conditions such as taking food, undergoing anesthesia/wakefulness, and suffering external temperature changes. Moreover, this study shows the capability of UCNP‐FMS in distributed temperature sensing in mammalian brains in vivo.
Modulating Mxene‐Derived Ni‐Mom‐Mo2‐mTiC2Tx Structure for Intensified Low‐Temperature Ethanol Reforming
Authors: Shi Weizhi , Zhang Rongjun , Li Hongwei , Wu Yu , Toan Sam , Sun Zhao , Sun Zhiqiang
Published: September 2023

The technology of steam reforming of bioethanol has drawn great attention to green hydrogen production. However, catalyst deactivation has always been a significant obstacle to its applications. Here, a series of yNi/Mo2TiC2Tx (yNi/MTC) materials are tailored as robust catalysts for highly efficient long‐term ethanol reforming. The results reveal that hydrogen utilization efficiency of up to 95.6% and almost total ethanol conversion can be achieved at 550 °C using a 10Ni/MTC‐72h catalyst. Moreover, this catalyst has remarkable stability without obvious deactivation after 100 h of bioethanol reforming, which can be attributed to the formation of a Ni─Mo alloy and the strong interaction of the Ni‐Mom‐Mo2‐mTiC2Tx structure. The FTIR‐MS studies demonstrate the superiority of the 10Ni/MTC‐72h catalyst for reinforcing low‐temperature bioethanol activation, as verified by the faster conversion of acetate species than with Ni/Al2O3. The adsorption energies of ethanol on the surface of Ni (−1.07 eV) and Ni/MTC (−1.46 eV) are compared by density functional theory calculations and show the superiority of the Ni/MTC catalyst for activating ethanol during steam reforming. This study provides new implications for highly stabilized Ni‐Mom‐Mo2‐mTiC2Tx construction, which is expected to substantially promote the development and application of bioethanol‐to‐hydrogen production technologies.
Application of Biomass‐Based Nanomaterials in Energy
Authors: Yang Zhongwei , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhang Jian , Liu Hong , Yu Xin
Published: September 2023

The utilization of biomass as a sustainable and renewable resource for nanomaterial synthesis has received considerable attention in recent years. Through the efficient utilization of biomass waste, opportunities for energy production, energy conversion, and the fabrication of nanomaterials can be maximized. The combination of biomass‐based nanomaterials with additional nanomaterials makes the composite system have more remarkable performance, which further facilitates the transformation procedure of biomass‐based nanomaterials for applications. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the preparation and applications of biomass‐based nanomaterials. The preparation section covers a range of methods for synthesizing biomass‐based nanomaterials, including biomass‐based carbonaceous nanomaterials, biomass‐based carbon nitride nanomaterials, nanomaterials derived from biomass templates, biomass‐based nanomaterials as carriers, and the use of biomass for metal ion reduction. The applications section explores the diverse applications of biomass‐based nanomaterials, such as hydrogen production, carbon dioxide reduction, batteries, and supercapacitors. The unique properties and advantages of biomass‐based nanomaterials in each application are discussed. The conclusion summarizes the current progress and presents future perspectives for the development and utilization of biomass‐based nanomaterials. This review emphasizes the potential of biomass as a valuable and sustainable source for nanomaterial synthesis, opening up promising opportunities in various fields.