bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Erdös–Lax and Turán-type inequalities for polynomials
Authors: Mir Mohammad Ibrahim , Nazir Ishfaq , Wani Irfan Ahmad
Published: July 2022

This paper considers the well-known Erdös–Lax and Turán-type inequalities that relate the sup-norm of a univariate complex coefficient polynomial and its derivative, when there is a restriction on its zeros. The obtained results produce inequalities that are sharper than the previous ones. Moreover, a numerical example is presented, showing that in some situations, the bounds obtained by our results can be considerably sharper than the ones previously known.
The l-distance k-rainbow domination numbers of graphs
Authors: Kosari Saeed , Asgharsharghi Leila
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be two positive integers. An [Formula: see text]-distance [Formula: see text]-rainbow dominating function on [Formula: see text] is a function [Formula: see text] that assigns to each vertex a set of colors chosen from the set [Formula: see text] such that for any [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] implies [Formula: see text]. The weight of an [Formula: see text]-distance [Formula: see text]-rainbow dominating function [Formula: see text] is the value [Formula: see text] over all such functions [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-distance [Formula: see text]-rainbow domination number of a graph [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], equals the minimum weight of a [Formula: see text]-distance [Formula: see text]-rainbow dominating function on [Formula: see text]. Note that the [Formula: see text]-distance [Formula: see text]-rainbow domination number [Formula: see text] is the usual [Formula: see text]-rainbow domination number [Formula: see text]. In this study, the [Formula: see text]-distance [Formula: see text]-rainbow domination number is defined and its properties are characterized.
Lithium phosphosulfide electrolytes for solid-state batteries: Part I
Authors: Lu Xin , Tsai Chih-Long , Yu Shicheng , He Hongying , Camara Osmane , Tempel Hermann , Liu Zigeng , Windmüuller Anna , Alekseev Evgeny V. , Basak Shibabrata , Lu Li , Eichel Rüdiger-A. , Kungl Hans
Published: July 2022

A high performance and stable Li-ion conductive solid electrolyte is one of the key components for the future all-solid-state batteries with metallic lithium anodes. Phosphate, oxide and phosphosulfide-based inorganic solid electrolytes are currently under development. High ambient temperature Li-ion conductivities amounting up to 10[Formula: see text] S cm[Formula: see text] for the best performing electrolytes distinguish the phosphosulfides from the other material systems. Part I of the review starts with the motivation and background for the development of Li-phosphosulfide electrolytes followed by an overview of four different types of phosphosulfide electrolytes; the Li–P–S, thio-LiSICon, LGPS and the Argyrodite-type electrolytes. The core of part I is concerned with a detailed discussion of the phosphosulfide electrolyte types that have been under investigation already for a long time, the Li–P–S and the LiSICon. There is a multiplicity of different compositions within each of these types. The idea behind the outline of these sections is to point out the relations and differences between the different materials with respect to their chemistry related to the phase diagrams. Patterns for the relations among the materials identified in the phase diagrams are the base for a discussion of structure, processing and Li-ion conductivity within separate sections for each type and resulting in intra-type comparisons. The follow up part II will continue with a treatment of the more recently developed LGPS and Argyrodite-type electrolytes tracking the same concept, before addressing an inter-type comparison of ambient temperature Li-ion conductivities and the electrochemical stability of the electrolytes vs. metallic lithium. A final section in part II summarizes conclusions and provides perspectives for future research on Li-ion conductive phosphosulfide electrolytes.
Exploring natural language processing techniques to extract semantics from unstructured dataset which will aid in effective semantic interlinking
Authors: Aladakatti Shweta S , Senthil Kumar S.
Published: July 2022

Designing efficacious semantics for the dynamic interaction and searches has proven to be concretely challenging because of the dynamically of the semantic searches, method of browsing and visualization interfaces for high volume information. This has a direct impact on enhancing the capabilities of the web. To surmount the challenges of providing meaning to high volume unstructured datasets, Natural language processing techniques and implements have been proven to be propitious, however, the reactivity of these techniques should be studied and predicated on the objective of providing meaning to the unstructured data. This paper demonstrates the working of five NLP techniques namely, bag-of-words, TF-IDF, NER, LSA, and LDA. The experiment provides the kindred attribute accomplishment or the identification of the meaning of this unstructured data varies from one technique to another. However, NLP techniques can be efficient as they provide insights into the data and make it human-readable. This will in turn avail in building better human–machine intractable browsing and applications.
Superior energy storage efficiency through tailoring relaxor behavior and band energy gap in KNN-based ferroelectric ceramic capacitors
Authors: Hou Limin , Li Changxiao , Wang Xinjian , Wang Xiaozhi , Wang Ting , Huan Yu
Published: July 2022

With the increasing demand of high-power and pulsed power electronic devices, environmental-friendly potassium sodium niobate ((Na[Formula: see text]K[Formula: see text])NbO3, KNN) ceramic-based capacitors have attracted much attention in recent years owning to the boosted energy storage density ([Formula: see text]). Nevertheless, the dielectric loss also increases as the external electric field increases, which will generate much dissipated energy and raise the temperature of ceramic capacitors. Thus, an effective strategy is proposed to enhance the energy storage efficiency ([Formula: see text]) via tailoring relaxor behavior and bad gap energy in the ferroelectric 0.9(Na[Formula: see text]K[Formula: see text])-NbO3–0.1Bi(Zn[Formula: see text](Nb[Formula: see text]Ta[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text])O3 ceramics. On the one hand, the more diverse ions in the B-sites owing to introducing the Ta could further disturb the long-range ferroelectric polar order to form the short–range polar nanoregions (PNRs), resulting in the high [Formula: see text]. On the other hand, the introduction of Ta ions could boost the intrinsic band energy gap and thus improve the [Formula: see text]. As a result, high [Formula: see text] of 3.29 J/cm3 and ultrahigh [Formula: see text] of 90.1% at the high external electric field of 310 kV/cm are achieved in [Formula: see text] = 0.5 sample. These results reveal that the KNN-based ceramics are promising lead-free candidate for high-power electronic devices.
Frequency-Weighted Singular Spectrum Analysis for Time Series
Authors: Kume Kenji , Konashi Hiroshi , Higuchi Katsuichi
Published: July 2022

Singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is a nonparametric spectral decomposition of a time series. A time series is exactly separated into arbitrary number of additive subsequences with the singular value decomposition. Previously, we have shown that SSA algorithm can equivalently be formulated as an optimality condition for the generation of adaptive filters. In this paper, based on our optimal-filter viewpoint, we show that the spectral weight factor can naturally be introduced into the SSA algorithm. With this extension, we can selectively focus on the specific frequency domain of the time series, and then the detailed study of the time series with complicated spectral structure becomes possible.
Detection of Packet Dropping Attack Based on Evidence Fusion in IoT Networks
Authors: Ding Weichen , Zhai Wenbin , Liu Liang , Gu Ying , Gao Hang
Published: July 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is widely used in environmental monitoring, smart healthcare, and other fields. Due to its distributed nature, IoT is vulnerable to various internal attacks. One of these attacks is the packet-dropping attack, which is very harmful. The existing packet-dropping attack detection algorithms are unsuitable for emerging resource-constrained IoT networks. For example, ML-based algorithms always inject numerous packets to obtain the training dataset. However, it is heavyweight for energy-limited nodes to forward these extra packets. In this paper, we propose a lightweight evidence fusion-based detection algorithm (EFDA), which leverages the packet forwarding evidence to identify malicious nodes. Firstly, EFDA finds the sequence numbers of dropped packets and their corresponding source nodes. Then, it traces the routing path of each dropped packet and collects evidence for detection. The evidence stored by nodes around the path record the node’s forwarding behaviors. Finally, the collected evidence is fused to evaluate the trust of nodes. Based on nodes’ trust, the K-means clustering is used to distinguish between malicious nodes and benign nodes. We conduct simulation experiments to compare EFDA with ML-based algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that EFDA can detect the packet-dropping attack without injecting packets and achieve a higher detection accuracy.
Mechanism of Cornus Officinalis in Treating Diabetic Kidney Disease Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Zhang Yuqing , Jin De , Zhou Rongrong , Yang Cunqing , Zhang Yuehong , Lian Fengmei , Tong Xiaolin
Published: July 2022

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the most important diabetic complications, is a great clinical challenge. It still lacks proper therapeutic strategies without side effects due to the complex pathological mechanisms. Cornus officinalis (CO) is a common traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used in the treatment of DKD and takes beneficial effects in therapy. However, the mechanism of CO in treating DKD is not clear yet. In this study, network pharmacology was applied to illustrate the potential mechanism of CO and the interaction between targets of CO and targets of disease. First, the active ingredients of CO and related targets were screened from the online database. Second, the intersection network between CO and disease was constructed, and protein–protein interaction analysis was done. Third, GO and KEGG analysis were employed to figure out the key targets of CO. Finally, molecular docking was carried out in the software SYBYL to verify the effectiveness of the ingredients and targets selected. According to GO and KEGG analysis, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, sphingolipid signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway were most closely related to the pathogenesis of DKD. Moreover, NOS3, TNF, ROCK1, PPARG, KDR, and HIF1A were identified as key targets in regulating the occurrence and development of the disease. This study provides evidence to elucidate the mechanism of CO comprehensively and systematically and lays the foundation for further research on CO.
An Optimized Approach for Industrial IoT Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Huang Hongyang , Dauwed Mohammed , Derbali Morched , Khan Imran , Li Sun , Chen Kai , Lim Sangsoon
Published: July 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an information network that connects gadgets and sensors to allow new autonomous tasks. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) refers to the integration of IoT with industrial applications. Some vital infrastructures, such as water delivery networks, use IIoT. The scattered topology of IIoT and resource limits of edge computing provide new difficulties to traditional data storage, transport, and security protection with the rapid expansion of the IIoT. In this paper, a recovery mechanism to recover the edge network failure is proposed by considering repair cost and computational demands. The NP-hard problem was divided into interdependent major and minor problems that could be solved in polynomial time by using the Benders decomposition technique and cutting plane approximation. To ensure the nonincreasing character of the Benders upper limit, a local branching method was also added to improve the convergence. Simulation results indicated that the proposed method is superior to the existing method and has better overall performance.
Deep Learning for Intrusion Detection and Security of Internet of Things (IoT): Current Analysis, Challenges, and Possible Solutions
Authors: Khan Amjad Rehman , Kashif Muhammad , Jhaveri Rutvij H. , Raut Roshani , Saba Tanzila , Bahaj Saeed Ali
Published: July 2022

In the last decade, huge growth is recorded globally in computer networks and Internet of Things (IoT) networks due to the exponential data generation, approximately zettabyte to a petabyte. Consequently, security issues have also been arisen with the network growth. However, intrusion detection in such big data is challenging. Smart homes, cities, grids, devices, objects, e-commerce, e-banking, e-government, etc., are different advanced applications of the evolving networks. Many Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have been developed recently due to most computer networks’ exposure to security and privacy threats. Data confidentiality, integrity, and availability damage will occur in case of IDS prevention failure. Conventional techniques are not effective enough to cope the advanced attacks. Advanced deep learning techniques have been proposed for automatic intrusion detection and abnormal behavior identification of networks. This research aims to provide an inclusive analysis of intrusion detection based on deep learning techniques followed by different intrusion detection systems. In this review, public network-based datasets of IDS are fully explored and analyzed. Deep learning techniques for IDS have been critically evaluated based on different performance metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, f-1 score, false alarm rate, and detection rate). Furthermore, existing challenges and possible solutions for networks security and privacy have been discussed.
Correlation of Blood Glucose and Pancreatic Islet Function with Serum Retinol-Binding Protein 4, Serum Cystatin C, and Human New Satiety Molecule Protein-1 in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Sun Tianhong
Published: July 2022

Objective. To investigate the correlation of blood glucose and islet function with serum retinol-binding protein 4, serum cystatin C, and nesfatin-1 levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods. Between June 2018 and June 2020, 70 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were included in a study group and 70 healthy pregnant women were recruited into a healthy group. Alterations in fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting serum insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), serum retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), serum cystatin C (CysC), and nesfatin-1 of all eligible participants were analyzed, and the occurrence of complications was recorded. Correlation analysis of serum RBP4, serum CysC, and nesfatin-1 levels with blood glucose and islet function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus was performed. Results. Gestational diabetes mellitus was associated with significantly higher levels of FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR and lower levels of FINS (6.58 ± 1.41, 9.24 ± 1.09, 3.21 ± 2.03, 8.23 ± 2.21) versus a healthy condition (5.23 ± 0.85, 7.61 ± 0.67, 2.42 ± 1.14, 10.54 ± 2.15) (P < 0.05). Women with gestational diabetes mellitus showed significantly higher levels of serum RBP4, serum CysC, and nesfatin-1 (62.45 ± 7.86, 1.95 ± 0.59, 2.65 ± 0.49) versus healthy pregnant women (45.48 ± 6.15, 1.03 ± 0.67, 1.42 ± 0.62) (

P
<
0.05

). With serum RBP4, serum CysC, and nesfatin-1 as dependent variables, univariate correlation analysis showed that serum RBP4, serum CysC, and nesfatin-1 levels were positively correlated with FPG and HbA1c levels and HOMA-IR, and negatively correlated with FINS in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (

P
<
0.05

). Gestational diabetes mellitus resulted in a significantly higher incidence of preterm delivery, cesarean section, excess amniotic fluid, and premature rupture of membranes versus a healthy status (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Glucose metabolism and islet function in women with gestational diabetes are significantly correlated with serum RBP4, serum CysC, and nesfatin-1 levels, which shows great potential for the prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus and perinatal complications.
Village-Indigenous Chicken Bacterial Carriage after the Heavy Rains of 2018, Kenya: Indicator on Environmental Contamination with Pathogenic/Zoonotic Bacteria
Authors: Igizeneza Acsa , Bebora Lilly Caroline , Nyaga Philip Njeru , Njagi Lucy Wanjiru
Published: July 2022

Food borne diseases are one of the major human disease conditions worldwide. Most of them are of bacterial origin and chickens are a major source of such bacteria; they are consumed at high rate worldwide and tend to harbor the zoonotic bacteria without showing signs of illness. Running rain water tends to increase environmental contamination, since it carries various substances from one area to another; this results in village-indigenous chickens picking more bacteria from the environment as they roam/scavenge around for food. Thus, after the rain, the chickens’ intestinal contents may contain more bacteria quantity-wise and type-wise. This study was carried-out to determine whether that was the case after heavy rains of 2018.120 intestine samples were collected from indigenous chickens from three slaughterhouses in Nairobi for bacterial quantification using the Miles and Misra technique; bacterial isolation and identification were carried out using standard bacteriological procedures. Intestines from the slaughterhouses had different mean bacterial counts: Kangemi had the highest (1.3 × 1012 colony-forming units per ml), followed by Burma (5.6 × 1011), then Kariokor (4.7 × 1011). E. coli was the most isolated at 85.8%, followed by genera Staphylococcus (55%), Streptococcus (43.3%), Bacillus (41.66%), Listeria (38.3%), Proteus (24.16%), Klebsiella (7.5%), Campylobacter (2.5%), Pseudomonas (6%), and Streptobacillus (0.83%). The study showed that the indigenous chickens carry a variety of bacteria in types and numbers, some of them being zoonotic. Apart from picking more bacteria as a result of environmental contamination during rainy season, the weather and bird-handling further stress the birds, thus contributing to higher bacterial multiplication and higher bacterial carriage. If slaughter is not done right, these intestinal bacteria can easily cause contamination of respective chicken meat; thus, if pathogenic, it can cause food poisoning to consumers of the meat. Therefore, it is recommended that precaution be taken while slaughtering chickens for consumption. In addition, where possible, free-range indigenous chickens be confined during rainy seasons to reduce their exposure to contaminated environment.
[Retracted] Impaction Of Rehabilitations And Strengthening Programs before And after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction In Return to the Fitness Level
Authors: Alzahrani Abdulwahab Ahmed
Published: July 2022

Objectives. Sports injuries are one of the most common orthopedic injuries particularly in young and active populations. Football is the most popular sport among Saudis, and thus, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in clinics and emergency rooms in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients six months after ACL reconstruction in both hospitals and gym‐based rehabilitation services and its impaction on the patients to return to sports and preinjury fitness levels. Methods. This is a retrospective case series of patients who underwent arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction using a hamstring autograft at our center. Data were gathered from January 2020 to December 2020. Patients were given a questionnaire about their visits to the orthopedic clinic in the 6th month after surgery. Results. Sixty patients with ACL reconstructions were studied. Noncontact sports were the leading cause of injuries (53.3%). The mean Lysholm score was 84.9 (SD 3.45) out of 100 after six months of follow‐up, and the mean Tegner score was 4.77 (SD 1.06) out of 10 points. The Lysholm score was excellent (>90) among 5% (n= 3), good (84–90) among 60% (n= 36), and fair (65–83) among 35% (n= 21). As a result, we observed that the duration of postoperative rehabilitation has a significant relationship with the fitness level (X2= 18.711; p = 0.001).Conclusion. The Lysholm knee scoring scale and the Tegner activity scale showed that arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction using hamstring autograft has a successful and functional outcome after which the patient returns to sports or regains the preinjury level of fitness level depends on the rehabilitation.The period and types of preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation have a direct impact on the return to fitness levels and normal daily life activities.
Class III Orthodontic Camouflage: Is the “Ideal” Treatment Always the Best Option? A Documented Case Report
Authors: Rustico Lorenzo , Ronsivalle Vincenzo , Iaculli Flavia , Spagnuolo Gianrico , Isola Gaetano , Giudice Antonino Lo
Published: July 2022

Angle’s Class III is one of the most complex malocclusions to treat. In nongrowing skeletal class III malocclusions, the choice between orthognathic surgery and camouflage treatment remains a challenge to the orthodontist. In class III borderline cases, clinicians are called to find the best compromise between functional and aesthetics outcomes, with the latter which often turns in avoiding worsening of profile characteristics, which makes the treatment of these patients quite challenging. This case report describes a borderline nongrowing patient with skeletal class III malocclusion, upper incisor proclination and spacing, lower crowding, and arch width discrepancy, which has already undergone previous orthodontic treatment. The orthodontic treatment involved the mandibular first premolar extraction, resulting in class I canine relation with good overjet and overbite as well as good arch coordination. The orthodontic camouflage improved the dental relationship with normalization of upper incisor inclination without a relevant retroclination of lower incisors; the skeletal facial pattern of the patient experienced a slight improvement. The tendency to skeletal class III has remained nearly unaffected. Treatment outcomes were stable after 1-year posttreatment follow-up.
AACR Project GENIE: 100,000 Cases and Beyond
Authors: Pugh Trevor J. , Bell Jonathan L. , Bruce Jeff P. , Doherty Gary J. , Galvin Matthew , Green Michelle F. , Hunter-Zinck Haley , Kumari Priti , Lenoue-Newton Michele L. , Li Marilyn M. , Lindsay James , Mazor Tali , Ovalle Andrea , Sammut Stephen-John , Schultz Nikolaus , Yu Thomas V. , Sweeney Shawn M. , Bernard Brady ,   for the AACR Project GENIE Consortium, Genomics and Analysis Working Group
Published: July 2022

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE) is an international pan-cancer registry with the goal to inform cancer research and clinical care worldwide. Founded in late 2015, the milestone GENIE 9.1-public release contains data from >110,000 tumors from >100,000 people treated at 19 cancer centers from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, and Spain. Here, we demonstrate the use of these real-world data, harmonized through a centralized data resource, to accurately predict enrollment on genome-guided trials, discover driver alterations in rare tumors, and identify cancer types without actionable mutations that could benefit from comprehensive genomic analysis. The extensible data infrastructure and governance framework support additional deep patient phenotyping through biopharmaceutical collaborations and expansion to include new data types such as cell-free DNA sequencing. AACR Project GENIE continues to serve a global precision medicine knowledge base of increasing impact to inform clinical decision-making and bring together cancer researchers internationally.

Significance:

AACR Project GENIE has now accrued data from >110,000 tumors, placing it among the largest repository of publicly available, clinically annotated genomic data in the world. GENIE has emerged as a powerful resource to evaluate genome-guided clinical trial design, uncover drivers of cancer subtypes, and inform real-world use of genomic data.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2007
Canopy bridges are an economical mitigation reducing the road barrier effect for three of four species of monkeys in Diani, Kenya
Authors: Cunneyworth Pamela M.K. , Donaldson Andrea , Onyancha Fredrick
Published: July 2022

For primates, canopy bridges can reduce the road barrier effect. Yet little information exists to predict species bridge use. We examined bridge use across a 9 km suburban road in Diani, Kenya, in three survey years (Nbridges: 21 = 2004, 27 = 2011, 29 = 2020) by four sympatric species of monkeys. The asphalt road is 6 m wide with a 50 km/h speed limit. Roadside observers recorded ground () and bridge () crossings, crossing direction, and traffic volume. Colobus (Colobus angolensis palliatus), Sykes’ monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis albogularis), and vervets (Chlorocebus pygerythrus hilgerti) used the bridges while baboons (Papio cynocephalus cynocephalus) rarely did. Crossing rates (Sykes’>vervet>colobus>baboon) did not fit our predictions based on species’ attributes of stratum preference (arboreal>terrestrial) or body mass (small>large), while the interaction between these attributes was more informative. Crossings were bidirectional. Colobus crossed bridges during higher traffic volumes than on the ground, whereas we found the opposite for vervets. Sykes’ monkeys crossed at similar traffic volumes on the ground and bridges. The mean annual bridge cost was USD 157, deriving a cost per crossing as < USD 0.10, though it undervalues the savings in ecosystem services, tourism benefits, and contributions to protecting colobus, a vulnerable species. While we consider this highly economical, funders and road engineers will ultimately determine if it is so.
Between Sale and Worship: Consistent Inconsistencies in Classical Ḥanafī and Mālikī Rulings on Marital Annulments
Authors: Coetsee M. , al-Marakeby M.
Published: July 2022

This essay compares patterns in Ḥanafī and Mālikī rulings about marital annulments and shows how they are connected to differences in how these two schools treated the relationships between marriage, sales, and worship law. Drawing on a variety of jurisprudential texts from the 5th/11th to the 9th/15th centuries, including Ibn Rushd’s (d. 595/1198) Bidāyat al-Mujtahid and Burhān al-Dīn al-Farghānī al-Marghīnānī’s (d. 593/1197) al-Hidāyah, we first show that Ḥanafī and Mālikī rulings on annulments were consistently inconsistent: when they differed, Mālikīs consistently ruled to permit annulments that Ḥanafīs prohibited. Focusing then on annulments based on defects in dower and maintenance, we show how Mālikī rulings manifest a comparatively stronger emphasis on the analogy between marriage and sale, while Ḥanafī rulings manifest a comparatively stronger emphasis on the analogy between marriage and worship. Finally, we discuss how these differences in emphases may help explain the schools’ other divergent rulings on annulments.
Citizen science reveals broad-scale variation of calling activity of the Mediterranean tree frog (Hyla meridionalis) in its westernmost range
Authors: Paracuellos Mariano , Rodríguez-Caballero Emilio , Villanueva Enrique , Santa Mauricio , Alcalde Fernando , Dionisio Miguel Á. , Fernández Cardenete Juan R. , García M. Pilar , Hernández Julio , Tapia Manuel , Yubero Saúl , Cuines Arturo , Larios José , Lorenzo Antonio , Pozo Inmaculada , Avilés Jesús M.
Published: July 2022

Population monitoring is essential to determine different aspects of the ecology and conservation of the species. In anurans, recording the acoustic activity of choruses allows surveying populations. Therefore, knowing the timing of male calls is fundamental to achieve this goal. Here we monitored calling activity of the Mediterranean tree frog (Hyla meridionalis) at eight localities in southern Iberian Peninsula and western North Africa in the frame of a citizen science program. Subsequently, after summarizing call activity with Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling, we aimed to identify the geographic and environmental variables that associate with the calling activity of frogs. The results of the 258-hour census showed that male tree frogs called mainly from December to July, although the duration and intensity of choruses varied, depending on the elevation and seasonality of the water bodies. Males sang earlier and had more durable call activities at lower elevation sites, which are sites with higher and more stable ambient temperatures. Also, calling activity was lower in sites where water fluctuates more over the annual cycle. Our results provide a first overview of the calling activity of the Mediterranean tree frog over a relatively large set of populations encompassing a wide variety of environmental conditions in its westernmost range of distribution. However, further studies relying on more intensive sampling, likely using automatic recorders, would be desirable to achieve a full understanding of the calling activity of tree frogs in the region.
Spatial pattern and shelter distribution of the ocellated lizard (Timon lepidus) in two distinct Mediterranean habitats
Authors: Renet Julien , Dokhelar Théo , Thirion Félix , Tatin Laurent , Pernollet Claire Agnès , Bourgault Laure
Published: July 2022

The knowledge of a species’ spatial ecology is essential for its conservation as it helps to implement targeted protection measures to suitable habitats. In 2011 and 2013, two French populations of ocellated lizards Timon lepidus were monitored through very high frequency (VHF) radio telemetry in two distinct Mediterranean habitats: a 77 ha scrubland (n = 8) and a 1590 ha semi-arid steppe (n = 11) corresponding to a heterogeneous and homogeneous habitat respectively. The variability in spatial estimates for the seasonal habitat use of the ocellated lizard was compared within the two sites using the Autocorrelated Kernel Density Estimation (AKDE). Recursive movement patterns and spatial repartition of shelters were further assessed to study the habitat influence on the species’ space use. No significant differences between sexes or sites were identified in the computed AKDE ranges. This inter-site approach demonstrated higher shelter revisits in core-areas than in the rest of estimated home ranges for both sites. A higher shelter density was observed in the core areas of the lizards than in the rest of their home-ranges for the Mediterranean scrubland but not for the semi-arid steppe. Such findings might attest to the species’ adaptive capabilities within two distinct Mediterranean ecosystems.
The identity of Euchirograpsus polyodous (Stebbing, 1921) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Plagusiidae), with a key to the genus
Authors: Ng Ngan Kee , Ng Peter K. L.
Published: July 2022

The identity of the poorly known plagusiid crab Euchirograpsus polyodous (Stebbing, 1921) is clarified on the basis of a good series of specimens from Zanzibar. The species proves to be a senior synonym of Euchirograpsus madagascariensis Türkay, 1978. The species is characterized by the more elongate and rugose third maxillipeds, distinctly serrate flexor margins of the second and third ambulatory legs, presence of only five major pairs of corneous setae on the ambulatory dactylus, and structure of the male first gonopod. The holotype of Euchirograpsus madagascariensis Türkay, 1978, is here designated as the neotype of Pachygrapsus polyodous Stebbing, 1921, making both names objective synonyms. A key to the nine species of Euchirograpsus is provided.
Redescription of Nothobomolochus cypseluri (Yamaguti, 1953) (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) recovered from an unidentified flyingfish (Pisces, Beloniformes, Exocoetidae) in Japan
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: July 2022

Nothobomolochus cypseluri (Yamaguti, 1953) is redescribed based on specimens of the female recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of an unidentified flyingfish, collected at the Owase fish market, Owase, Mie Prefecture. The possession of postantennal processes and lateral processes was verified in this species for the first time, next to these structures in N. aigo Izawa, 2022, in this genus.
Description of a new species of Kovalevskiella (Ostracoda, Limnocytheridae, Timiriaseviinae) from groundwater of the Danube river in Austria
Authors: Gaviria Santiago
Published: July 2022

The species name Kovalevskiella elisabethae n. sp. is proposed for a new taxon of a Recent ostracod found in interstitial sediments of the alluvial plain of the Danube in the surroundings of Vienna, Austria. The main characters that differentiate Kovalevskiella elisabethae n. sp. from its congeners K. bulgarica, K. cvetkovi, K. dani, K. rudjakovi and K. phreaticola are based on the morphology and chaetotaxy of antennula, antenna and mandible. Important diagnostic characters of the new species are the 5-segmented antennula, the presence of 2 setae on the posterior margin of its fourth segment, the presence of only 1 seta (besides the conjoined seta and aesthetasc) on its last segment, as well as the presence of 1 seta on the basis and 3 on the endopodite of the mandibula. An identification key for the Recent species of the genus is provided.
Characterization of the moult cycle in Neocaridina denticulata sinensis Kemp, 1918: the moulting frequency, moulting stages, and haemolymph ecdysteroid levels
Authors: Wang Zhanfang , Cui Xiaodong , Gong Haixue , Zhang Fenghao , Mu Shumei , Zhang Han , Kang Xianjiang
Published: July 2022

This study aims to elucidate the physical evidence of the moulting stages and the characteristics of ecdysteroid levels in the moulting cycle of Neocaridina denticulata sinensis. From hatching to the first complete pleopod development, N. denticulata sinensis moults 14 times at 25°C in the laboratory. The whole process was divided into four stages based on the moulting characteristics during the various intervals. Using the structural changes of the telson and Drach’s classification system, four moulting periods (postmoult, intermoult, premoult, and ecdysis) were recognized. In addition, based on the changes of the setal lumen, internal cone, and the epidermis, the premoult period was further divided into five substages (D0, D1, D2, D3, and D4). Despite similar fluctuation patterns in mature males and females, significant differences of haemolymph ecdysteroid titers were revealed in postmoult, intermoult, and premoult. These works will provide an important additional reference for the exploration of the moulting mechanism in crustaceans.
Copepod communities of the Algerian coast (southwestern Mediterranean Sea, 2°-7°E) and their interaction with hydro-climatic variability
Authors: Mellak Lilia , Hafferssas Aziz
Published: July 2022

The biodiversity of copepods as examined in the present study is based on an oceanographic survey conducted on two ecosystems along the Algerian coast (central and eastern) in the early autumn of 2014. During that investigation, the thermocline was present at shallow depth, extending between 30 and 80 m. A total of 49 species were recorded in the samples, belonging to 20 families, among which six families, Calanidae, Eucalanidae, Metridinidae, Oithonidae, Paracalanidae, and Temoridae, appeared to be dominant. The total abundance of zooplankton at the 13 stations was less than 600 ind/m3. Two geographic groupings have been distinguished: stations in the central sector (group 1) are in opposition to the other stations in the eastern sector (group 2). The quantitative levels of copepods are less abundant in the east (234.15 ind/m3) than in the centre (334.99 ind/m3). In the central regions, the trophic organization is dominated by omnivores (73.02%), with an inferior co-dominance of carnivores (14.02%) and herbivores (12.95%). In the east, copepods with omnivorous behaviour are strongly represented (82.14%), followed by phytophagous (13.85%) and carnivorous (4.01%) species. The distribution of the abundances over the copepod communities was found to be linked to the temperature, salinity, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, and phytoplankton biomass.
Size overlap in intertidal decapod communities on a central Chilean rocky beach (El Quisco, 32°24′S, Valparaiso region, Chile)
Authors: Andrade Daniel , Ventura María José , Stella Chelladurai , De los Ríos-Escalante Patricio
Published: July 2022

The intertidal crustaceans on the Chilean coast are characterized by high diversity and niche specialization. The present study applied a size-overlap null model analysis for intertidal decapod communities in a central Chilean rocky beach (El Quisco, 32°24′S). The application of six models simulations revealed that there is a size overlap, confirmed by the results of all those six simulations. This means that the reported species would share their ecological niches. The results agree with the first classical ecological descriptions for Chilean intertidal decapods at a local scale and support the observations for similar species on the southern Pacific and southern Atlantic coasts, and the results of the null model agree with a first comparative study of decapods in the north and on the central Chilean rocky coast.
The Stigma Discourse-Value Framework
Authors: Manago Bianca , Davis Jenny L. , Goar Carla
Published: July 2022

Although stigma was first theorized as a basic social process, its contemporary developments have been highly compartmentalized. Understanding the nature of stigma—how it operates across subjects and circumstances—requires a return to general theory. The authors take this general turn, focusing on stigma’s discursive element. Through combined case studies of race, disability, and fat stigma (134 interviews with 146 parents), they develop the stigma discourse-value framework (DVF) as a theoretical scaffold for stigma discourse studies. The DVF includes three value-oriented categories: stigma as deficit, value-neutral diversity, and value-added pride. Tracing commonalities and divergences within and between cases vis-à-vis the DVF, the authors show stigma discourse to be a multifaceted interpersonal process that variously reflects, reinforces, and challenges stigmatizing social structures.
PhD-educated Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Women as an Interpretive Cultural Phenomenon
Authors: Binhas Adi , Moskovich Yaffa
Published: July 2022

Ultra-Orthodox (Haredi) society in Israel is in a process of change involving growing integration into academia, the labor market, and the military. This study deals with the integration of Ultra-Orthodox women into academia. Specifically, it examines how Haredi female PhDs cope with two different value systems. The study utilizes the sociological definitions of dominant culture, subcultures of values, and countercultures. The methodology is qualitative: twenty semi-structured interviews with women with a PhD in Israel in 2021. The findings highlight the motivation to learn as a way of personal expression and development; the attitude of the Haredi community toward female PhDs as rebellious and critical of Ultra-Orthodox values; the women’s integration into academia and subsequent exposure to new values; and their creation of a hybrid subculture in order to function within their two different worlds.
How Do Barcelona and Madrid Cope with the Impacts of Globalisation?
Authors: Crespi-Vallbona Montserrat , Domínguez Pérez Marta
Published: July 2022

The central aim of this article is to describe the state of art of the impact of globalisation on Barcelona and Madrid (Spain). It especially focuses on the transformations of their historic centres, the most accessible and highly contested spaces, and the reactions of their citizen movements and city councils. It begins by analysing the gentrification process. It then shows how these cities were even more intensively transformed by commercial gentrification, touristification and studentification, all within a general framework of financialisation. Consequently, both cities act like businesses, seeking high profits, and ignoring many of their citizens. Within this context, public policies have undergone a slight change of orientation. In this tense context, this article presents a series of reflections and suggestions for future action.
Double marking of the past in Early Modern Greek
Authors: Koutsoukos Nikos , Karantzola Eleni
Published: July 2022

This paper examines double marking of the past feature in verbal formations with preverbs in Early Modern Greek (16th c.). This period is characterized by great linguistic variation reflected in every type of text. We compiled a dataset of 268 formations from a corpus which includes 250 excerpts of prose texts (155,717 words in total). Our analysis is based on quantitative and qualitative criteria. We argue that double marking of the past feature in this period can take two forms, that is, it can be realized as two distinct prefixes (explicit multiple exponence), or it can be realized by one verbal augment (prefix) and as part of the information carried by the verbal allomorph (implicit multiple exponence). The double exponence of this inflectional feature hints at a process of externalization of inflection, while pleonastic exponence of the past feature related to stem allomorphy can be explained as a tendency for explicit exponents of inflectional features.
Between “Tyranny” and “Gentleness”: The Construction of Fernando III and Christian Kings in Arabic-Islamic Sources
Authors: Holt Edward L.
Published: July 2022

This article examines the construction of the memory of Fernando III of Castile-León in Arabic-Islamic texts in order to explore the cross-cultural geopolitics of the western Mediterranean. It argues that historiographical attempts to define righteous authority transcended religious affiliation among military and political elites. In support of this claim, this article first provides a macro-historical survey of Arabic-Islamic texts to ascertain common sociocultural features used in describing Iberian kings. While stereotypes of Christian monarchs exist, Muslim depictions of individuals had a broad spectrum of associations. Second, the focused example of the memory of Fernando III demonstrates how Muslim authors were strategic in deciding whether to describe Christian monarchs or remain silent about them, to praise them or criticize/vilify them. Ultimately, in contrast to Western traditions of intensely scrutinizing the conquest narratives in Christian chronicles, which has led to a polarized view opposing Muslim and Christian rhetoric, the Arabic-Islamic sources depict Fernando III within the framework of the collapse of the Almohad state as one ruler among many, thus reflecting a broader sense of Maghrebi geopolitics as a larger struggle to define righteous authority.
The “Jew in the Latrine”: Exploring the Transmission of an Early German Anti-Jewish Narrative
Authors: McDonald William C.
Published: July 2022

An anti-Jewish short narrative, here labelled the “Jew in the Latrine,” was very popular in the Middle Ages and early modern period, appearing in a range of genres in Latin and the vernacular. A Jew falls into a sewer on the Sabbath day and, fearing desecration, neither extracts himself nor permits his extraction from the muck. Vexed over Jewish Sabbath prohibitions, a Christian authority compels the Jew also to remain in the sewer over the Christian Sabbath. This anecdote was intended both to reinforce the trope identifying Jews with filth and excrement, and to ridicule the place of the Law within Judaism itself. Exemplars of the “Jew in the Latrine” within the German cultural region, though bountiful, are researched sketchily. This paper aims to provide the first systematic assessment of these. Important findings are the crucial role played in the transmission of the tale by the circle of the Reformer Philip Melanchthon, and the omnipresence of the city of Magdeburg and the intervention of its archbishops in adjudicating the case of the “Jew in the Latrine.”
Keeping Abreast of Foreign Fashions: Rationalizing Rūs Brooches in a Sixteenth-Century Persian Version of Ibn Faḍlān’s Risāla
Authors: Upham Tonicha Mae
Published: July 2022

Studies of Ibn Faḍlān’s tenth-century Risāla, a travel account detailing his journey from Baghdad to the banks of the Volga River, typically rely on thirteenth-century witnesses to the original travelogue. These are our earliest and fullest versions of the text, but are not the only extant records of Ibn Faḍlān’s journey. Due to both its late dating and its spurious interpolations, the partial preservation of the Risāla in Amīn Rāzī’s sixteenth-century geographical work, Haft Iqlīm, is frequently overlooked. This article reconsiders attitudes to Amīn Rāzī’s work, focusing on his claim that Rūs women used oval brooches to restrict the growth of their breasts. Approaching this claim using classical, Arabic, and Persian analogues of breast restriction, cauterization, Amazons, and Islands of Women, and tracing geographical and literary dissemination, Amīn Rāzī’s “rationalization” of Rūs women’s costume will be reframed as the plausible conclusion of a number of robust and longstanding geographical traditions.
The Eclipse of Morality: A Riposte to Lane, Wildman, & Shults’ “Paying the Piper” Commentary
Authors: Ambasciano Leonardo
Published: July 2022

The present contribution is a riposte to Lane, Wildman, and Shults’ commentary on my MTSR article “He Who Pays the Piper Calls the Tune” (Ambasciano 2022). I offer an epistemological and historical criticism of some of their most relevant claims, along with the identification and deconstruction of some of the biases and fallacies behind their commentary. I also highlight – once again – the historiographical neglect and some of the most questionable approaches and unresolved issues in the current CSR 2.0 modus operandi. Along with the ethical and financial impact of private donors with political and religious agendas in the field, such controversial topics call for immediate action from peers and associations to avoid the further drain of money, resources, and personnel in a time of increasing financial austerity. A computational science incapable of confronting and resolving such basic issues is not a computational science at all – it’s mere tech-evangelism.
State Integration vs. Minority Protection through Regional Self-Determination
Authors: Lindström Bjarne
Published: July 2022

In this contribution, Åland’s autonomy as a model for the protection of territorial minorities is analysed and evaluated. The geopolitical background is today’s Europe with, in general, quite strong state integration tendencies. The focus is on Åland’s autonomy’s ability to successfully deliver on the original promises regarding the greatest possible regional self-determination and language protection given at its inception in 1921 by the League of Nations and the Finnish state. Comparisons are made with similar European and Nordic autonomies. The conclusion is that Åland’s position in international law and in the Finnish Constitution remains, thanks primary to its historical origin, relatively strong. However, two negative factors are identified: the severely limited de facto home rule, and the asymmetric partnership between the autonomy and the state. The contribution concludes with a number of lessons learned regarding the legal and political conditions for well-functioning and long-term sustainable autonomies within the framework of today’s sovereign European and Nordic states.