bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age and Second Language Development: A Critical Study
Authors: Hossain Md. Amir
Published: November 2020

This paper focuses on the critical analysis of theoretical and the basic empirical findings dealing with the question of Age and Second Language Development (L2D). Both behavioral and brain-based results are shown in the contexts of background and terminology, age of acquisition, critical period hypothesis, age effects, native attainment, evidence of non-nativelikeness, age and nativelikenss in the brain-based results, the aging brain, cognitive considerations, affective considerations, brain volume, and dopamine mechanism among children and adults. Suggesting beyond the classical judgments of “deficient” L2 development, we comment on the complimentary issues of learner potential in post-adolescent L2D.
On the State of L1 and L2 Knowledge in FL Learners: A Review of Issues
Authors: El-Dali Hosni Mostafa
Published: November 2020

There  has  been  extensive  research  into  how  L1   affects  L2,  commonly  known  as ‘negative influence’, but a lot less about the opposite direction, commonly known as ‘Reverse or  Backward’  transfer.  As  well  as  the  first  language  influences  the  second,  the  second language influences the first.  The present study, therefore, attempts to examine and critically review  pertinent  research  into  the  question  of bidirectional  influence  between  languages. First, it traces the conceptual framework of the notion L1→L2  effect.  Second, it attempts to demonstrate how an emerging new language (L2) affects the existing L1.  Third, it examines the pedagogical aspects of both directions, as manifested in L2 classroom.  Special focus will be given to how the concept of “multicompetence”  sees the goal of L2  learning and how language teaching should reflect such a goal.  In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of using   learners’   first   language   in  L2    classroom   will   be   highlighted   and   specific methodological recommendations will be made.
An Apocalyptic yet Abject “Jubilee” Narrative in George Robert Gissing’s In the Year of Jubilee: Mobility, Restoration, and Materiality
Authors: Nash Susan Smith
Published: November 2020

George Robert Gissing’s In the Year of Jubilee (1894) brings together complex, contradictory and ultimately subversive views of late Victorian society, where social mobility and class, property, women’s rights, marriage, education, commerce, and advertising are problematized. Further, with the dramatic rate of social, economic, and political change that resulted from the Industrial Revolution, new banking and sources of capital, old ways of being and thinking simply cannot keep pace, resulting in the emergence of apocalyptic narratives on many fronts. Needless to say, the idea of "jubilee" is more or less antithetical to the idea of apocalypse, but ironically, Gissing's work is more informed by apocalypse and apocalyptic narratives than "jubilee" whether the concept of jubilee refers to liberation or an affirmation of monarchal reign. Gissing's "jubilee" juxtaposes self-congratulatory rhetoric (Victorian senses of self-actualization) with an underlying nihilism, particularly for women and those of lower classes. The fact that some of the women are able to break free and reinvent their worlds by means of education and a reinvented sense of self further reinforces the notion of apocalypse, particularly in the destruction of the “known” world and the emergence of a new one, essentially a “new heaven and earth.” The goal of this analysis is to conduct an analysis of Gissing’s In the Year of Jubilee and to demonstrate how the core narratives in the text contain elements of the apocalyptic narrative. In doing so, one object is to gain an understanding of how Gissing uses the abject jubilee (or apocalyptic) narrative in order to explore the social relationships and psychological states of the characters, and to use them to make certain observations and commentaries on the state of English society, the impact of industrialization, new technologies and urban sprawl, and the realities of social class and mobility (or lack of upward mobility) in late Victorian England.
Memories of a Lost Home: Intizar Husain’s Basti
Authors: Vasishtha Varun Dev
Published: November 2020

In this paper, Intizar Husain’s novel on Partition, Basti is examined which depicts the human denouement that followed Partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The novel looks back at the aftermath of Partition after more than two decades, talks about the turmoil caused by the socio-political situation in Pakistan and the realization that the Partition was an ever going on event. The process of separate homeland for Muslims, the chief motive that resulted in Partition, was reversed with the secession of Bangladesh. Partition and migration have failed to provide stability to the migrants. Intizar Husain has recaptured the agony of Partition after a lapse of two decades. The novel, dealing with the Muslim perspective of Partition, depicts the plight of the members of the community who crossed over to Pakistan with the euphoria of the creation of a separate homeland, fail to realise their hopes. Feeling of alienation has been delineated in a highly subtle manner.
The Realisation of the Rising Tone in Nigerian English
Authors: Ama Jacob Ado
Published: November 2020

Nigerian English differs significantly from British English with the obvious disparity in the use of the rising tone and the meanings associated with it. This paper analyses the realization of the rising tone and the extent to which its use in Nigerian English differs from that in British English. Recorded utterances and spontaneous conversations were collected and analysed. A list of conversations got from O’Connor and Arnold (1987) were administered to fifty subjects whose responses were recorded and examined. The tones were analysed to show how the rising tone is used in Popular Nigerian English (PNE) to achieve pragmatic effect in communication. The result showed significant differences in how PNE and BE speakers use the rising tone, how they associate meanings to it, and how the pattern of the rising contrast.
Silhouetting the Shifting Perspective of Bollywood from ‘Machismo’ to ‘Metrosexuality’
Authors: Bhattacharjee Partha , Tripathi Priyanka
Published: November 2020

“Machismo” and “Metrosexual” are two trending but contradictory terms that are used to fathom the portrayal of men in the visual art such as cinema, media, advertisements etc. Derived from the Spanish word ‘Macho’, ‘Machismo’ reflects strength, aggression and masculine pride whereas ‘Metrosexual’ is a portmanteau word combining– ‘Metropolitan’ and ‘Sexual ‘referring to men who are living in an urban society and investing a great deal on their appearance and lifestyle. The paper intends to focus on the transition of this portrayal of men in Hindi films, popularly termed as Bollywood. To elucidate further the paper will take its references from the films of the Sholay era till the contemporary times in which films like Ki n Ka changed the sketch, the set and the setting of the male word/world.  In between these two films, one can truly demarcate the world of Hindi films in terms of how the audience will see their men.  Therefore, the paper, broadly taking its references from Hindi Films, Advertisements and Daily Soaps will establish the men’s makeover over a period of time.
Readability in Classroom Practice of Report Text as Reading Material of Eleventh Graders
Authors: Yunita Lifatur  Rohmah , Suharsono Suharsono , Munir Ahmad
Published: November 2020

This study is aimed to explain the readability of report text taken from “Bahasa Inggris Kelas 11” published by Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan based on readability formula evaluated by expert, in classroom practice and to know whether the readability of report text in classroom practice correspond with the readability of report text evaluated by expert. This study was a qualitative research. The data gained from observation, interview and documentation. The research subject was the students of eleventh grader of SMA Al – Islam Krian. To analyse the data, the researcher used three stages that proposed by Ary et al. (2010:220), they are, 1) organizing and familiarizing, 2) coding and reducing and 3) interpreting and presenting. There are some findings were obtained for this study. The first finding of this study shows that the readability of report text evaluated by expert was in the difficult level for eleventh graders. Second finding shows students enjoyed the material as well. They could understand the material easily and find the six components of reading as has been stated by Marshall (1979) appropriately. For the last finding, it could be seen that no one of the students got under the minimum score from the Minimum learning Standard. In conclusion, readability of report text that had been conducted by expert was not in correspondence with readability of report text in the classroom practice. Since readability of the text did not only depend on the length of the letters, words and sentences only because the role of the readers was also important to be considered. It was supported by (Armbruster et al., 1985); Fulcher (1997). They stated that the formulas
Self-Reported Writing Difficulties of Saudi English Majors at Qassim University College of Sciences and Arts: A Survey and Analysis
Authors: Alharbi Bader
Published: November 2020

This study explored students' own perspectives on their writing challenges. A mixed methods research design combining a quantitative questionnaire with a series of semi-structured qualitative interviews was used. Therefore, the triangulation of data collection techniques was applied in this research. The study was conducted in the Department of English and Translation at Qassim University. 55 students filled 32 items questionnaire and ten were selected for the interview. For the questionnaire data, the descriptive statistics for ordinal Likert-type data include frequency, median, and mode were used. For the qualitative data analysis, the thematic coding was used for analyzing the interview. The obtained results showed that there are different types of writing problems among English language and translation major students at Qassim University. Findings suggest that some difficulties and perspectives are broadly shared by Saudi English students, e.g. struggles with irregularity and the non-phonemic nature of English. Other difficulties tend to evolve as students proceed in their studies. The lack of research into Saudi perspectives on English writing difficulties is emphasized, and further scholarly attention is strongly advised.
EDUCACIÓN PARA LA PAZ Y ESPACIOS DE CONVIVENCIA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Piña Lenys , Zuleta Pérez Milvia , Bermudez Bueno William
Published: November 2020

En el mundo, el devenir de los últimos tiempos ha estado plagado de una violencia en el ámbito sociopolítico, derivado de una crisis axiológica desarrollada por un afán de poder, en unos casos, de supervivencia en otros. Ello ha conllevado incontables pérdidas materiales y humanas, desdeñando aquellos primarios derechos humanos, a la vida, a la salud, al bienestar, como ideales fundamentales del hombre. Bajo ese fundamento, y en la búsqueda de la reflexión, y el ideal de acción de los actores significantes, surge la inquietud y el propósito de estudio, analizar la educación para la paz y espacios de convivencia desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos, basado en una compilación teórica, conceptual, normativa y doctrinaria, en una revisión documental de expertos en el área, donde se describen y examinan factores propios de esas temáticas, aplicando la hermenéutica jurídica, como método idóneo en el examen de investigaciones político-jurídicas.
Enhancing Marine Biodiversity in Singapore’s Urbanizing Coastal Environment
Authors:   the Tropical Marine Science Institute, and the Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Chou Loke Ming
Published: November 2020

Urbanization of coastal cities has resulted in extensive physical modification of the coast that is commonly accompanied by habitat destruction or degradation, marine biodiversity loss and ecosystem services decline. Conversion of the natural environment to a human-modified one is often permanent, and it is important that development considerations take into account biodiversity enhancement of the ‘new’ environment. Development of biological communities in the modified environment takes time and is unlikely to return to levels once supported by the original habitats, but efforts can be made to facilitate the establishment of biodiversity that is suited to the new environmental conditions. Active interventions such as water quality management and ecological restoration can help to transform the urbanized coastal environment into a suitable biodiversity support zone. Observations of marine biodiversity in marinas and restoration of corals on artificial structures in Singapore support this prospect. Assessment of the biodiversity in three marinas indicated that they can function as marine biodiversity refugia, especially with their relatively high artificial structural complexity and when designed with basic ecological considerations to enhance marine biodiversity. Separately, reef restoration projects give rise to the possibility of colonizing seawalls with corals and other reef-associated species, as well as improving degraded reefs and creating reef communities in areas originally devoid of corals due to the heavy sediment load of urbanized coastal waters. Maintaining marine biodiversity in challenging environmental conditions resulting from urbanization can help to ensure continued provision of some level of ecosystem services.
Modelling Sewage Sludge Composting in WWTP: Influence of Meteorological Conditions
Authors:   the Universite de Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, LaTEP, PAU, France, Bachelart Julie , Hort Cécile , Platel Vincent , Moynault Laurent
Published: November 2020

This work presents the 2D modelling of a fermenting step during composting of a sewage sludge/bark mixture at the Aureilhan (France) WWTP. For this study the temporal evolution of the temperature has been studied because it is the composting key parameter, especially for achieving the compost sanitization. Thus, the modelling results have been compared with experimental results. Fermenting windrows are being subject to weather conditions, we took into account the temperature and humidity of the outside air in the model as boundary conditions. Results indicated that the model is consistent with windrow A but differed from the experimental results for windrow B. The weather conditions had a strong impact on the temperature profile during fermentation, especially the maximum temperature. Indeed, the maximum temperatures did not exceed 35°C for windrow A (winter) while they were around 50°C for windrow B (summer). On the other hand, the temperature rise in the windrows was faster for the experimental measurements than for the modelled results. Finally, the experimental and modelling results showed that the warmest temperatures were towards the center of the windrow. This trend is consistent with the suction aeration system.
The Influence of Group Big-Five Personality Composition on Student Engagement in Online Discussion
Authors:   School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, Zhang Xiaojie , Chen Guang , Xu Bing
Published: November 2020

To explore the influence of the group personality composition on students' engagement in the online discussion, correlation analysis was conducted among the Big-5 personality of group members and student engagement in the group. This study comprehensively used four measurement indicators of the Big-Five personality of group members as group composition: average, variance, maximum, and minimum. In this study, student engagement was divided into behavioral engagement, affective engagement, and cognitive engagement. The study found that the combination of the Big-Five personalities in the group could have an impact on student engagement, especially affective engagement. When organizing students' online discussion, the instructors need to consider the personality characteristics of the group members carefully.
A Proposal of Code Amendment Problem in Java Programming Learning Assistant System
Authors:   Okayama University, Okayama, Japan, Kyaw Htoo Htoo Sandi , Funabiki Nobuo , Kao Wen-Chung
Published: November 2020

To enhance Java programming educations, we have proposed a Web-based Java Programming Learning Assistant System (JPLAS) that provides a variety of programming assignments to cover different learning levels. As fundamental programming exercises for novice students, JPLAS offers the Code Fill-in-blank Problem (CFP) and the Code Fixing Problem (CXP), to learn Java grammar and basic programming skills through code reading. A CFP instance requires filling in the blank elements in the problem code generated by applying the coding rule check function and the blank element selection algorithm. A CXP instance involves correcting the error elements made by the error injection algorithm. In both problems, all answers from the students will be marked through string matching with the stored correct one. In this paper, we propose the Code Amendment Problem (CAP) as a practical problem for learning the debugging process by combining CFP and CXP in JPLAS. As a mixture of CFP and CXP instances, a CAP instance is generated by randomly selecting either blank or error for each element with a given blank probability BP. For evaluations, we apply 12 CAP instances to 21 students in Japan and Myanmar, where the results show that BP = 50% offers the highest difficulty level, and CAP is harder than CFP and CXP.
Enhancing Self-Regulated Learning Strategy via Handheld Devices for Improving English Writing Skills and Motivation
Authors:   Computer Department, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, Elkot Mohamed A. , Ali Rabea
Published: November 2020

This study investigated the impact of developing learning app via handheld devices based on some self-regulated learning strategies for improving English writing skills and motivation among intensive English language preparatory program students. The sample was chosen from English language preparation program students at college of sciences and Arts. The random sample consisted of (n=40) students. Those students were divided into two similar groups, Experimental and Control groups. To collect the data of the study, the Authors used a pre-posttest, interviews with the students and a motivation scale. T-test was used to compare between the two groups at the pre and post-test. The results revealed an observed improvement in writing skills, motivation, and attitudes for the benefit of experimental group. Moreover, the findings revealed that there were statistical differences between pre and post-test for the experimental group. No differences were found, according to the control group.
Developing Vocabulary Knowledge among Low Achievers: Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) Practicality
Authors:   the Department of English, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, UPM, 43400 Serdang Malaysia, Jalaluddin Ilyana , Ismail Lilliati , Darmi Ramiza
Published: November 2020

Difficulty in learning gives huge impact to the process of language discovery among school children. LINUS students are categorized in this group and regarded as Low Achiever (LA) regardless of their education level. Currently, schools are provided with traditional learning materials such as textbook prepared by the Ministry of Education and it is up to the teachers’ own creativity and initiative to turn the materials into a more interesting learning source [1], [2]. However, depending solely on these learning materials alone is not enough as these children will easily lose their attention as they become bored and finally lost interest to proceed with the learning process [3]. Therefore, there is a need to utilize the elements of technology in order to motivate and facilitate these LINUS students in learning vocabulary in English. This experimental study aimed to explore the effectiveness of using mobile augmented reality (MAR) application in vocabulary learning among LINUS students. 45 students were involved and the development of MAR in vocabulary learning in this study was investigated based on the ADDIE Instructional Design (ID) method as a framework. As a form of measurement, British Picture Vocabulary Scale (BPVS) III was used and findings showed that there was a significant improvement in the post test after 6 months of MAR implementation. Although this study showed an encouraging results, there was still lack of skills in terms of writing the words learnt via augmented reality. The results of this study provide the discussion on the practicality of using Augmented Reality to help the struggling learners to cope with acquiring and learning English language in ESL context.
A Monographic Study of Mathematical Thinking in the Field of Early Education from the Perspective of Subject Quality
Authors:   University of California, Berkeley, US, Zhang Erjing
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes the current circumstances of the mathematical thinking training industry in the field of preschool education in China under the supply-demand theoretical framework in the first place. On the demand side, the author summarizes how elements such as policy guidance, upgraded distribution of public consumption, upgraded parents’ attitudes toward children’s education drive the thriving period of mathematical thinking. On the supply side, this paper finds through statistics that after ten years of development, now mathematical thinking training institutions in the market can be divided into online and offline institutions, traditional tycoons and emerging enterprises. In addition, the author discusses the present teaching system of mathematical thinking training in China and makes a summary from two aspects --- teaching mode and curriculum setting. Last, based on the analyses above, this paper identifies the future trends of this area in terms of technological convergence and regional distribution.
Continuous Education through Building a Work-and-Learn Relationship: How Does the Industrial Attachment Program Work in Hong Kong
Authors:   the School of Continuing and Professional Education, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Yau Peter ChunYu , Wong Dennis , Lam Andrew
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we reviewed the current university funding situation in Hong Kong for the past five years. We also reviewed the trend of student enrollment numbers to tertiary education in contrast to the support of the continuous education fund (CEF) for citizens. How personal development was build and how the programs were organized will be discussed. An in-depth analysis of the Industrial Attachment (IA) program (sometimes may be called internship program) was studied via three case studies, to understand the program arrangement, effectiveness, and impaction towards the sense of continuous education from the students’ perspective. The case studies we provided include former students sharing their training experience gained from working in a software development house, a financial institute, and a school respectively. Results showed that the industrial attachment program gives various positive implications to the participants in academic, career, and life-long perspectives, which life-long implication is the one affected students the most among the three.
Exploratory Research on Curriculum Construction of Medical Metrology Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China, Yan Ze-Dong , Guo Wei , Liu Juan , Luo Er-Ping , Tang Chi
Published: November 2020

Canonical and systematic quality-oriented education of medical metrology for undergraduate students has not been started in colleges and universities. The standardized training and professional cultivation system are also deficient for most medical metrological employees at present. In this study, special funds were invested to develop the teaching laboratory based on the establishment standards of national medical metrology stations. Experienced experts were also invited for the argumentation of curriculum construction and optimization of medical metrology. As a result, two undergraduate courses of medical metrology for the students majoring in Biomedical Engineering (BME) were developed for the first time based on the talent cultivation mode “basic knowledge + practical ability”. An internationally-advanced teaching laboratory for medical metrology was established, and the series textbooks were compiled and published. It is of vital significance to strengthen the curriculum construction of medical metrology for undergraduate students of BME, which may provide beneficial reference for further medical metrological talent cultivation.
Role of Environmentalism in the Development of Green Purchase Intentions: A Moderating Role of Green Product Knowledge
Authors: Ahmed Mirza Ashfaq , Arshad Aleena , Anwar ul Haq Muhammad , Akram Bushra
Published: November 2020

Environmentalism has become not only a significant policy issue but also a crucial topic in marketing research. Environmental consciousness is now considered as a fundamental requirement to prevent further damage to the environment. Efforts have been made to improve the consumers understanding about the environmental consequences of their consumption patterns. This study develops a conceptual model of green purchase behaviour to determine the effects of environmentalism, advertisement message credibility and green perceived value on the consumers’ green purchase intentions with green product knowledge as a moderator. The convenience sampling technique with cross-sectional research design was used to select the sample. Data were collected using survey, and a total of 368 valid questionnaires were used for further analysis. The results from the structural analysis using Smart-PLS depict that environmentalism significantly influences the ad message credibility and green perceived value, and these constructs significantly affect the green purchase intentions. Furthermore, the green product knowledge moderates the relationship between environmentalism, ad message credibility and green perceived value. Overall, the findings of this study extend the theoretical basis of green purchase intentions by empirically testing the proposed model and provides the limitations and further research directions.
Control Power of Senior Executive, Business Environment and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Zhang Liyan , Cao Chengzi
Published: November 2020

Senior executives have the power to formulate and implement strategic decisions of their company. Entrepreneurship is the critical human capital owned by them. To stimulate entrepreneurship, it is important to ensure that the company is controlled by senior executives with entrepreneurial spirit. Taking China’s A-share listed companies in 2013-2018 as the objects, this paper discusses the influence of control power of senior executives (executive control) over entrepreneurship, and further explores how each dimension of business environment and their interactions affect executive control and entrepreneurship. The results show that executive control greatly promotes entrepreneurship; high legalization level and intense market competition are favorable for entrepreneurship. The incentive effect of executive control on entrepreneurship can be enhanced by government intervention and market competition, and greatly bolstered through the interaction between legalization level and government intervention, as well as the interaction between market competition and government intervention.
“Las atendemos de lunes a viernes”: nacimientos según días de la semana en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 2004-2013
Authors: Rosemberg Patricia , Alazraqui Marcio , Spinelli Hugo
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir los nacimientos según su distribución en días de la semana a fin de caracterizar el aspecto programado o no del proceso de parto y nacimiento. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de la distribución temporal de los días de la semana en que ocurrieron los nacimientos en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, para el período 2004-2013, a partir de la base de datos del Informe Estadístico de Nacido Vivo de la Dirección de Estadísticas e Información de Salud del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: establecimiento (público o privado), edad gestacional, edad y nivel de instrucción de la madre. El análisis muestra que los nacimientos disminuyen significativamente los sábados y domingos en los establecimientos públicos y privados, siendo mayor la disminución en los establecimientos privados; que los nacimientos en la semana 37 son más frecuentes en los establecimientos privados y disminuyen en los días no laborables; y que a mayor nivel de instrucción materna son menores los nacimientos durante los fines de semana. Analizar el día de la semana en el que ocurren los nacimientos transparenta la medicalización del proceso de parto e indicaría que la programación e inducción de los nacimientos ocurre en los establecimientos privados en mayor medida que en los establecimientos públicos.
Presence of seismic–electric effect in variations of geophysical parameters at the Bishkek geodynamic polygon
Authors:   Research Station RAS in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Nepeina Kseniia S. , Matiukov Vitalii E. ,   Research Station RAS in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of seismoelectric phenomena obtained in the analysis of magnetotelluric sounding and seismometry, and its’ relationship between the distance and magnitude of the earthquake, as well as on the observation point. The joint synchronous observations of variations in the parameters of geophysical fields characterizing a set of endogenous sources are considered. The study was conducted in 11–30 October 2018 in the area of the Bishkek Geodynamic Polygon.
Simulation of electromagnetic signal of profile observations from a drifting surface
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Osipova Polina S. , Zlobinskiy Arkadiy V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Potapov Vladimir V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS
Published: November 2020

As part of the RSF project, the use of a drifting surface on which geophysical installations will be placed is proposed to study the environment in the Arctic region. The proposed method of electrical exploration is sounding with a circular electric dipole as a source. Studying the applicability of the technique requires three–dimensional simulation of the received signal. The paper shows some simulation results using the previously proposed algorithm based on the Born approximation.
Pulse induction soundings in the area of the “Crystal” underground nuclear explosion
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (IPGG) SB RAS, Russia, Potapov Vladimir V. ,   Transbaikal State University, Russia, Antonov Evgeniy Yu. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (IPGG) SB RAS, Russia, Shein Alexandr N. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (IPGG) SB RAS, Russia; Arctic Research Center of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous District, Russia; Transbaikal State University, Russia, Artamonova Svetlana Yu. ,   V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Russia, Kozhevnikov Nickolay O. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of geophysical studies using the method of transient electromagnetic field (TEM) in the area of the «Crystal» underground nuclear explosion in 2008 and 2019. The measurement technique and signal differences in different years related to the noise situation at the site of work are described in detail. Geoelectric sections constructed from the results of field studies show the high information content of the TEM method in the study of Yakutia and can be used to study the effect of the «Crystal» underground nuclear explosion on the geological environment.
Principle of construction and characteristics of a gamma–spectrometer for radiometric imaging
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Titov Boris G. , Gruznov Vladimir M. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia; Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russia
Published: November 2020

The principle of constructing a portable gamma spectrometer based on a BGO crystal with adaptive temperature stabilization of the response of the gamma spectrometer, topographic and time reference of measurement results, displaying the current measurement results and calculations on the screen of a tablet personal computer is proposed. The characteristics are confirmed by field measurements of the activity distribution of uranium, thorium, and potassium radionuclides.
Results of monitoring different structures by electrotomography method in difficultly constructed areas
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Shaparenko Ilya O. , Nevedrova Nina N. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the results of a study by the method of electrotomography of complex sections of Gorny Altai with different geological features. Geoelectrical sections were constructed, the nature of the change in the parameters of fault zones was determined based on the monitoring results.
Study of near–surface azimuthal anisotropy with refracted waves
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Yaskevich Sergey V. , Dergach Petr A. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Chernyshov Gleb S. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Karpukhin Viktor I. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Duchkov Anton A. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Russia, Shalaginov Alexandr E. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia, Karsten Vladimir V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

The method of refracted waves is often used for shallow investigations. Moreover, a rather limited observation system in the form of unidirectional profiles is often used. In our work, we selected an object of study with a known strong anisotropy of the upper part of the section. Field work and data processing were carried out. The results show strong anisotropy of one of the layers of the medium, the azimuthal anisotropy of which led to the fact that the refraction on its top ceases to appear in the first arrivals, for the direction of the profile along the axis of symmetry of the corresponding HTI medium.
Performance effectiveness of Russian oil and gas companies based on economic value added (EVA)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Russia, Butenko Victor A. , Mishenin Mikhail V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

The purposes of this article are to conduct comparative analysis among Russian oil and gas companies. In order to conduct the research economic value–added indicator or EVA was chosen. Scientific novelty is supported by the following points: research gap of EVA application on the Russian oil & gas market, EVA modification for appropriate application for the Russian oil & gas market, nobody has considered entire market (only particular companies), comparative analysis based on EVA calculations. According to the results of the study, companies in the industry differ by orders of magnitude, both in terms of monetary and relative economic value.
Scientometric modelling experience for the detection of research fronts in geophysics
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, SB RAS, Russia, Mazov Nikolay A. , Gureyev Vadim N. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

This report presents a bibliometric approach to identifying research fronts in scientific organizations, based on a multiplex analysis of the flow of publications of authors from the analyzed organization. A model for more accurate subject clustering of publications of a scientific organization based on the GRNTI classification is proposed and tested using the example of geophysics research area. Based on metadata from the publication clusters allocated by GRNTI, algorithms for compiling query profiles in a scientometric database for further detection of research fronts are presented.
Evaluation of the influence of structural shifts in the subsoil use on the efficiency of the oil and gas complex of Russia
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of SB RAS, Russia, Filimonova Irina V.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the current state of the oil and gas complex in Russia. Steady trends in changes in the structure of production by major mining macro–regions and companies have been identified. Systematized conditions that contributed to the deterioration of the parameters of the oil and gas complex of Russia. Among which are a reduction in oil production in the framework of the agreements between the participating countries OPEC + transaction in April 2020, falling oil prices on the world market, in particular Urals, to $ 15–20 per barrel, reduced demand for oil and other energy carriers due to the multiplier effect on the production and other sectors of the economy from the spread of coronavirus.
Instruments of state tax regulation of subsoil use aimed at increasing the efficiency of work of the oil and gas complex of Russia
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of SB RAS, Russia, Filimonova Irina V. , Komarova Anna V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

The paper analyzes the modern tools of state regulation of subsoil use. The issues of transformation of the dynamics of the structure and the general level of oil and gas revenues are investigated. Their role in generating federal budget revenues in the context of oil price volatility is estimated. The effects of the oil and gas complex on related sectors of the economy are considered separately. It has been established that a negative impact has been observed recently, since an increase in the level of preferential oil necessitates compensation for the so–called «falling–out» oil and gas revenues due to an increase in the tax burden on all sectors of the domestic economy.
Analysis of the capital structure of oil and gas companies of Russia and the world
Authors:   NSU, Russia, Chebotareva Anastasiya V. , Filimonova Irina V. ,   IPGG SB RAS, Russia
Published: November 2020

The work is devoted to the analysis of the capital structure of oil and gas companies. The paper analyzes the capital structure of the oil and gas industry in Russia as a whole and with differentiation by companies. The main trends in the development of company capital are identified. Special attention is paid to the world's largest oil and gas companies. The authors estimated the dynamics of changes in own and borrowed funds of oil and gas companies in the world. The main trends of Russian and foreign companies as part of the selection of funding sources were identified.
Oil and gas industry's technological development for ensuring the Russian economy diversification and modernization
Authors:   IPGG SB RAS, Russia, Shumilova Svetlana I. , Mochalov Ruslan A. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Russia
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the main technological indicators that reflect the operation of the Russian oil and gas complex in the period 2008–2018 – the increase in oil reserves, the multiplicity of oil reserves reproduction, production and inactive well stocks, commissioning of new wells, production and exploration drilling, and average daily production. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the technological state and technological development potential of the oil and gas complex.
Magnetic survey at the "Crystal" site in 2019
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (IPGG) SB RAS, Russia, Shein Alexandr N. ,   Arctic Research Center of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Russia,   Transbaikal State University, Russia, Novikova Polina N. ,   Mining institute Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Artamonova Svetlana Yu. ,   V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Russia, Potapov Vladimir V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (IPGG) SB RAS, Russia; Transbaikal State University, Russia, Kozhevnikov Nickolay O. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (IPGG) SB RAS, Russia, Ushnitskii Vladislav E. ,   Ministry of Ecology, Nature management and Forestry of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses the results of magnetic survey over the site of the "Crystal" underground nuclear explosion, which indicated that large metal objects are buried under the sarcophagus. These results will help in interpreting data of other geophysical methods used here to study the effect of the underground nuclear explosion on the geological environment.
A Diagnostic Dilemma: Isolated Hepatic Tuberculosis as A Rare And Unusual Presentation of TB Aamer Ubaid, Farishta Waheed, Awais
Authors: Ubaid Aamer , Waheed Farishta , Naeem Awais
Published: November 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is the major problem being faced worldwide, particularly in developing countries, and therefore, it is important to recognize the unusual presentations of the disease. Although TB is primarily lung disease, it can affect several other organs such as bone, brain, liver, and intestine etc. Liver involvement in TB is not uncommon but isolated liver TB is the rarest form of TB. A common observation is that the mortality rate is higher in intra-abdominal TB as compared to pulmonary TB, but it is a difficult diagnosis to make, often requiring laparotomy. Liver tuberculoma is, in particular, rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported in the literature, most of which are secondary and associated with miliary TB. We present a case of primary hepatic tuberculoma in an immuno-competent host and illustrate how these cases can be managed non-surgically
The Effect of Conductivity Changes on Temperature Rise During Irreversible Electroporation
Authors: Khorasani Amir
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Irreversible electroporation is a physical process which is used for killing the cancer cells. The process that leads to cell death in this method is a unique process. Thermal damage does not exist in this process. However, the temperature of the tissue also increases during the electroporation. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of conductivity changes on tissue temperature increase during the irreversible electroporation process. Materials and Methods: To perform simulations and solve equations, COMSOL MultiPhysics has been used. Standard electroporation pulse sequence (8 pulses with different electric field intensities) was used as a pulse sequence in the simulation. Results: During the electroporation process, the electrical conductivity and the temperature of the tissue were increased. Changes in the tissue temperature in the simulation with variable electrical conductivity are more than in the simulation with constant electrical conductivity during the electroporation process. This difference for pulses with more vigorous electric field intensity and points closer to the electrodes has been achieved more. Conclusion: To more accurately estimate and calculate the temperature and thermal damage inside the tissue during the irreversible electroporation process, it is suggested to consider the effect of conductivity changes during this process.
Evaluation of immunological responses against outer membrane vesicles (OMV) of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae using MPLA -CpG adjuvant as a vaccine candidate
Authors: Behrouzi Ava , Arabi Mianroodi Reza , Afrough Parviz , Ayadi Ahmad , Serajian Amirarsalan
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) are major causes of non-invasive infections, including otitis media and sinusitis and it can also contribute to respiratory infections of all ages. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine against NTHi commercially available. Many studies have been conducted on the use of OMV as a vaccine against NTHi. The purpose of this study is to achieve an immunogenic vaccine against NTHi. Materials and Methods: In this study, standard OMV Haemophilus (ATCC49766) with adjuncts CpG and MPLA was used and after infusion into BALB/c mice, the levels of antibodies and cytokines were measured on serum of immunized mice. Results: The results showed that total IgG antibody and IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes in OMV immunized mice with mixture of CpG-MPLA adjuvant had a significant increase. Also, the results of cytokines (IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-γ) showed that IL-4 had the highest rate. Conclusion: These findings indicate that OMVs derived from NTHi strains have a high potential to act as a vaccine against NTHi infections.
Las cooperativas rurales: una oportunidad para repensar el rol del Estado frente a los impactos de la regulación de semillas en Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Chaves Iván , Acevedo-Caicedo Francisco , Salgado-Figueroa Eduardo
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo analiza los diversos factores que inciden en la situación de vulnerabilidad en el que se encuentra el sector rural en Colombia, la cual se ha visto reforzada por el régimen de certificación de semillas que les prohíbe a los campesinos resembrar material parental no certificado. A través de una serie de reflexiones llevadas a cabo en el marco de un enfoque metodológico analítico-deductivo, los autores proponen un redimensionamiento del rol que debe tener el Estado para garantizar sus derechos e invitan, a manera de resultado, a considerar al cooperativismo como una solución a esta problemática, a través de las cooperativas rurales como un eje motor de la recuperación y la revitalización del campo.
Recibido: 05 mayo 2020Aceptado: 07 septiembre 2020
Miasta zdegradowane w województwie łódzkim w końcu I dekady XXI wieku
Authors: Sokołowski Dariusz
Published: November 2020

Miasta zdegradowane są ważnym składnikiem wiejskiej sieci osadniczej. Celem opracowania jest charakterystyka miejscowości położonych w obecnych granicach województwa łódzkiego, które utraciły status miasta, a także odpowiedź na pytanie, czy są na tym terenie jednostki osadnicze mające realne szanse na uzyskanie w niedalekiej przyszłości tego statusu. Zbiór miejscowości omówiony w artykule obejmuje wszystkie byłe miasta, które zostały zdegradowane przed 2010 r. Badania pokazały, że na obszarze województwa łódzkiego jest ich relatywnie dużo (aż 73), co jest konsekwencją dekretu carskiego, pozbawiającego w II połowie XIX w. praw miejskich wielu ówczesnych miast w granicach zaboru rosyjskiego.