bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in the development of composite reinforced concrete structures of pedestrian aboveground overpasses
Authors: Eremeev Valery , Shmelev Gennady , Eremeev Pavel , Eremeev Daniil
Published: June 2021

Pedestrian bridges are an important part of the urban infrastructure that ensures the safety and comfort of pedestrians. They have a number of distinctive features compared to road bridges. Also, the pedestrian load itself has a significant dynamic component, which can lead to the occurrence of resonant phenomena. Composite reinforced concrete bridges are widely used among the road bridges. This is due to the possibility of including the roadway structure in the act, which increases the load-bearing capacity and reliability of the structure. The same advantages are typical for pedestrian aboveground overpasses. However, pedestrian bridges have a number of features that affect the operation of the composite reinforced concrete structure. It is well-known that the difference between bending structures in civil construction and bending structures in bridge and road construction is the ratio of the rigidness of the concrete and steel parts. The load on pedestrian aboveground overpasses is similar to the temporary load in civil buildings, adjusted for a large dynamic component. But at the same time, the spans of pedestrian aboveground overpasses are similar to the spans of road bridges. In this article, the prospects for the development of composite reinforced concrete structures of pedestrian overpasses are reviewed.
Block-box structures load-bearing capacity under special loads
Authors: Salakhutdinov Marat , Khalilov Kamil
Published: June 2021

Block-box structures today are widely used in construction. Their main features are mobility, lightness and the possibility of assembling block-boxes for any technological purpose. Block-boxes are used in the arrangement of oil and gas fields, settlements and cities where it is necessary to carry out construction in a short period of time or where there is no industrial infrastructure. When designing, it is often necessary to take into account special loads (earthquake or explosive), which significantly affect the applied structural solutions. In this paper, the load-bearing steel structures of block-boxes of various configurations and sizes under the influence of special types of loads are considered. Numerical research, analysis and improvement of structural solutions are carried out.
An approach to increasing the load-bearing capacity of drilled injection piles
Authors: Sokolov Nikolay
Published: June 2021

The problem of strengthening weak or overloaded bases is an important objective of underground space development. It is especially urgent if there are alternating weak layers in the base. The paper presents a practical geotechnical case of strengthening the overloaded base of a reinforced concrete foundation plate for a 25-storey residential building under construction. Combined soil piles that consist of Jet (type 1) soil concrete piles reinforced along the longitudinal axis with drilled injection piles made by electric discharge technology (EDT piles) are used as buried structures. This method of arrangement of a combined buried reinforced concrete structure is conditioned by the need to increase the load-bearing capacity of a pile in soil by two or more times.
Evaluation of bearing capacity of a beam on an elastic foundation using the methods of the theory of limiting balance
Authors: Nizameev Vasil , Basharov Fanzil , Nizameeva Luiza
Published: June 2021

The analytical expressions and graphs for determining a limiting load have been obtained using the methods of the theory of limiting balance. The processes of strain of the beams after formation of a plastic hinge until their complete destruction have been investigated. The dependences of a bearing capacity of the beam on its parameters and characteristics of the foundation soils have been obtained. The regularities of formation of plastic hinges have been revealed depending on a place of application of the load. The limiting values of the load have been calculated analytically, and the forms of deformation of the beam have been established at the time of the appearance of the first plastic strains and in the limiting state. The comparative analysis of the research results of the adopted model with the numerical studies of the elastoplastic beam has been carried out.
The use of nanosized additives in the modification of brick loam
Authors: Bogdanov Andrey , Mavlyuberdinov Azat , Nurieva Evgeniya
Published: June 2021

The effect of nanosized additives on the strength properties of ceramics based on fusible brick loam of the Klyuchischenskoye deposit has been studied. In general, all nanosized additives selected for the study had a positive effect on the strength properties of ceramics. The greatest increase in strength, when using nanosized silica ash Laksil 30, was 70 %, in relation to the control sample. When using silica ash, an increase in the content of the amorphous phase in the shard after firing is noted against the background of a decrease in its porosity, which causes an increase in strength characteristics. The nature of the destruction of the samples also differed. The destruction of the control sample was accompanied by the formation and gradual opening of cracks. The destruction of the modified samples was more fragile in comparison with the control. Thus, the effectiveness of nanosized additives on the strength properties of ceramics is shown.
Study of the dependence of equilibrium sorption humidity of heat-insulating products on temperature
Authors: Petrov Artem , Kupriyanov Valerij
Published: June 2021

The desiccator method for products like mineral wool has a low accuracy, which is due to the small mass of the samples and the uneven content of the binder between the samples. The standard method does not involve testing materials at different temperatures. However, the value of sorption moisture depends not only on the nature and structure of the material, but also on the temperature conditions. At the moment, the regularities of changes in the sorption moisture content of materials depending on the air temperature have been studied only in separate scientific works and do not cover the entire spectrum of modern building materials. The paper presents the results of a study of the sorption moisture content of modern mineral wool products at various temperatures above 0 ºС. The results show an increase in sorption humidity with decreasing temperature from 22 ºС to 0 ºС. The greatest increase in humidity occurs at values of relative air humidity in the range of 90–97 %. It is shown that the standard desiccator method for studying sorption moisture requires scientific development and increased control of test conditions with decreasing temperature.
Study of the processes of the purification of water from surface sources from petroleum products
Authors: Busarev Andrey , Sheshegova Irina , Khisameeva Liliya
Published: June 2021

Recently, the amount of natural waters contaminated with petroleum products, which enter surface sources together with wastewater, has increased. Therefore, the issues of natural water purification of petroleum products are given great importance. Purification of natural waters from petroleum products is possible by sorption and ultrafiltration methods. Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering conducted research on the purification of natural waters from petroleum products in adsorption filters using various sorbents, as well as membrane separators with ultrafiltration modules from various manufacturers. As a loading of sorption filters, it is recommended to use activated charcoal as a sorbent that is optimal in terms of price and quality of water purification. The membrane modules manufactured in Europe and the United States, have a high cleaning effect from petroleum products and a sufficiently high productivity. However, they are extremely expensive.
Upgrading the hot water supply system as a way to save energy
Authors: Akhmerova Guzel , Zalyalova Alina , Badrutdinov Roman , Khaziakhmetova Elza , Maksudov Rashid
Published: June 2021

The efficiency of works on replacement of steel pipelines of hot water supply of Kazan with pipes from polymer materials was considered. Due to the high corrosive activity of water, the service life of hot water pipelines does not exceed 8-10 years. To improve the reliability and quality of the supply of hot water to consumers, the possibility of modernizing hot water supply networks using pipelines made of polymer materials is being considered. The problem of physical wear of heat supply networks is disclosed; analysis of polymer pipelines use for energy saving purposes is carried out. Thermal energy savings are calculated after the modernization of heating networks. The costs, savings and payback period of the energy-saving measures are determined.
Current trends in the construction of sports infrastructure facilities, taking into account the direction of development of the international Olympic movement
Authors: Kalmanovich Vladimir , Kalimullina Olga , Garifullin Ruslan , Sazgetdinov Ilgizar , Bitcheva Irina
Published: June 2021

The study aims to assess current trends in the construction of sports infrastructure, considering the development and improvement vectors of the Olympic movement. Materials and methods. The study utilizes literature analysis, statistical methods, expert assessment method and legal analysis. Results. Trends in the development of sports infrastructure facilities for the Olympic Games have been identified and substantiated. The currentdifficulties regarding organizing and holding of the Olympic Games and the uprising contradictions in the activities of international sports organizations have been structured. Analysis of trends in the development of the Olympic movement in the XXI century and recent decisions of the International Olympic Committee revealed particular problems in the organization of the Games. The proposed new model of the modern Olympic Games allowing to overcome problems and contradictions of the Olympic movement is described. Conclusion. The modern stage of development of the Olympic movement is characterized by a number of contradictions and problems that need to be solved: gigantism of the Olympic Games, subjectivity of refereeing at sports competitions, safety at sports events, etc. The proposed model of the organization of the Olympic Games in the form of long-term competitions during the Olympic Year may help to overcome existing contradictions.
Development of spatial thinking in first year students of engineering specialties
Authors: Belavina Tatyana
Published: June 2021

The article considers issues of development of spatial thinking in students in the process of studying graphic disciplines. The relevance of the study is dictated by the specifics of competencies in the application of the laws of geometric formation of the future builder. The subject of the study is the formation of spatial thinking among engineering students through the study of the course of engineering and computer graphics. The peculiarity of the student's spatial thinking is manifested through the perception of reality, the ability to see the design result, the combination of actions and operations, as well as graphic visualization skills. The obtained results revealed the dependence of the conditions of reproduction of the form by students (reproductive knowledge) on their mastery of theoretical knowledge and acquired skills in performing images.
Development of safety management technology of electric power networks in order to sustainable development
Authors: Burlov Vyacheslav , Polyukhovich Maxim , Mankov Viktor , Logvinova Yulia
Published: June 2021

One of the fundamental principles of sustainable development is sustainable electric power supply to consumers. The implementation of this principle is possible only with guaranteed safety of electric power networks. Forecasting of possible threats is one of the tools to reduce the fault rate of technological equipment. Emergency shutdowns are largely caused by meteorological factors. The instability of meteorological conditions can lead to significant negative consequences for human life and activities. For forecasting and diagnosing meteorological conditions, it is advisable to use a territorial geo information system (GIS). Safety management processes requires the process creation with predefined properties. For safety management, it is recommended to use synthesisbased models, which makes it possible to apply an approach based on solving the inverse management problem. As a result of the study, the safety management technology of electric power networks based on the use of GIS was developed. The research considers threats caused by the impact of meteorological factors. In particular, some problems arising under the influence on the control object of environmental temperature, wind, and thunderstorm were analyzed. The presented simulation of safety management processes allows to guarantee reliable and safe electric power supply to consumers.
Formation of an integrated approach and analysis of the assessment of the urban planning value of the territory
Authors: Abdukhanova Natalia , Kulkov Andrеу , Valeeva Kamilla , Shaimukhametova Regina
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of existing methodologies of urban planning value appraisal. This article provides a definition of urban planning value and examines the factors that influence it. The existing methods of determining urban planning value are studied and analysed, and examples of calculating urban planning value are given.
Methods of systemic management of the service life of vehicles
Authors: Ptitsyn Danila , Ershov Vladimir , Podgornyy Artem , Akulov Alexey
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the methods of multi-criteria assessment of the efficiency of vehicle operation according to their properties. The main difficulties in solving the issue of technical operation of vehicles when introducing these methods into the assessment process are highlighted. Algorithms of decision-making related to the choice of a vehicle in conditions of uncertainty of the external environment are analyzed. Their advantages and disadvantages are substantiated. A methodology for calculating weight coefficients for the optimization and development of the transport system is proposed.
The main trends in the process of building the creative potential of engineering students
Authors: Akhmetgareeva Rozaliya , Khasanova Nurgizya , Gulkanyan Meri
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the main trends in the process of building creativity in engineering students. It is highlighted that the productivity of an engineer's activity is determined not only by modern techniques and technologies, but also by the personal potential of the engineer as a creator. The authors investigate the problem of shaping the qualities of a creative personality in engineering students and the development of professionally important competences. The authors' study of the views of various researchers made it possible to identify the main trends in the formation of creative thinking among students in a technical university. Particular attention is paid to the technical bilingualism of the future specialist. It becomes a prerequisite for future success in the profession. Fluent knowledge of a foreign language and the ability to read technical documentation in another language on a par with Russian makes an engineer in demand, and creates more realistic conditions for Russia's integration into the world system of industrial relations. Some directions for the development of students' creative thinking are shown.
Risk factors and prevalence of taeniasis among the Karen people of Tha Song Yang District, Tak Province, Thailand
Authors: Kusolsuk Teera , Chaisiri Kittipong , Poodeepiyasawad Akkarin , Sa-Nguankiat Surapol , Homsuwan Nirundorn , Yanagida Tetsuya , Okamoto Munehiro , Watthanakulpanich Dorn , Waikagul Jitra , Dekumyoy Paron , Komalamisra Chalit , Ito Akira
Published: June 2021

Taeniasis remains a prevalent public health problem in Thailand. National helminthiasis surveys report only the incidence of Taenia spp. eggs. The ability to differentiate Taenia species using morphological and molecular techniques is vital for epidemiological surveys. This study detected taeniasis carriers and other helminthic infections by Kato’s thick smear technique and identified the Taenia species by multiplex PCR. The study subjects were the ethnic Karen people in Tha Song Yang District, Tak Province, Thailand, bordering Myanmar. In total, 983 faecal samples from villagers were examined for helminthiases. Interview-based questionnaires were used to gather information on possible risk factors for infection. The prevalence of helminth infections was 42.7% (420/983), including single (37.3%, 367/983) and mixed infections (5.4%, 53/983). The most common infection (19.23%, 189/983) was Ascaris lumbricoides, whereas taeniasis carriers comprised 2.8% (28/983). Multiplex PCR of Cox1 was used for species identification of Taenia tapeworms, eggs, or both in 22 taeniasis carriers. Most of the parasites (20 cases) were Taenia solium, with two cases of Taenia saginata. Taenia saginata asiatica was not found in the villagers examined. The analysis of 314 completed questionnaires showed that a statistically significant (p < 0.05) risk of taeniasis was correlated with being male, a history of being allowed to forage during childhood, a history of seeing tapeworm proglottids, and a history of raw or undercooked pork consumption. Health education programmes must seek to reduce and prevent reinfection in these communities.
Corona: Wie kann ich sichergehen, dass ein Patient negativ getestet in die Praxis kommt?
Authors: Kämper Siegfried
Published: June 2021

Diese Kollegenfrage beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie man aktuell als Behandler sichergehen kann, dass ein Patient negativ auf Corona getestet in die Praxis kommt.
Antiviral and Virucidal Properties of Essential Oils and Isolated Compounds – A Scientific Approach
Authors: Reichling Jürgen
Published: June 2021

Essential oils and isolated essential oil compounds are known to exert various pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Based on selected articles, this review deals with the potential antiviral and virucidal activities of essential oils and essential oil compounds together with their mechanism of action as well as in silico studies involving viral and host cell-specific target molecules that are indispensable for virus cell adsorption, penetration, and replication. The reported in vitro and in vivo studies highlight the baseline data about the latest findings of essential oils and essential oil compounds antiviral and virucidal effects on enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, taking into account available biochemical and molecular biological tests. The results of many in vitro studies revealed that several essential oils and
essential oil compounds from different medicinal and aromatic plants are potent antiviral and virucidal agents that inhibit viral progeny by blocking different steps of the viral infection/replication cycle of DNA and RNA viruses in various host cell lines. Studies in mice infected with viruses causing respiratory diseases showed that different essential oils and essential oil compounds were able to prolong the life of infected animals, reduce virus titers in brain and lung tissues, and significantly inhibit the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In addition, some in vitro studies on hydrophilic nano-delivery systems encapsulating essential oils/essential oil compounds exhibited a promising way to improve the chemical stability and enhance the water solubility, bioavailabilty, and antiviral efficacy of essential oils and essential oil compounds.
The Relationship between Kinesiophobia and Return to Sport after Shoulder Surgery for Recurrent Anterior Instability
Authors: Vascellari Alberto , Ramponi Carlo , Venturin Davide , Ben Giulia , Coletti Nicolò
Published: June 2021

Purpose To evaluate the relationship between kinesiophobia and patient's return to sport after shoulder stabilization surgery. The hypothesis was that kinesiophobia represents an independent factor correlated to the difference between preinjury and postoperative level of sport.

Methods This study retrospectively evaluated 66 patients (mean age: 35.5, standard deviation [SD] = 9.9 years) and at a mean follow-up of 61.1 (SD = 37.5) months after arthroscopic Bankart's repair or open Bristow–Latarjet procedure. Kinesiophobia was assessed with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK); return to the preinjury sport was assessed by the difference between baseline and postoperative degree of shoulder involvement in sport (D-DOSIS) scale. The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability index (WOSI) was used to evaluate participants' perceptions of shoulder function.

Results TSK showed correlation with D-DOSIS (ρ = 0.505, p < 0.001) and the WOSI score (ρ = 0.589, p < 0.001). There was significant difference in TSK and WOSI scores between participants who had and had not returned to their previous level of sport participation (p = 0.006, and 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusion This study demonstrated that kinesiophobia is correlated to the return to sport after shoulder stabilization surgery.

Level of Evidence Level IV, retrospective case series.
Histological Study of Discoid Lateral Meniscus in Children and Adolescents: Morphogenetic Considerations
Authors: Tudisco Cosimo , Botti Flavia , Bisicchia Salvatore
Published: June 2021

Background Discoid lateral meniscus is the most frequent variant of the meniscus. Few studies have focused on the histology of discoid menisci. The aim of the present study was to report the histological findings of discoid lateral meniscus in children and adolescents, after arthroscopic partial resection, to give a possible explanation of its developmental etiology.

Methods Five patients aged 9, 10, 13, 15, and 17 years were operated on for a 1-piece excision of a discoid lateral meniscus, and the specimens were histologically examined.

Results The extracellular matrix showed a different distribution and characteristics depending on the different side of the meniscus. Irregularly oriented collagen fibers in discoid lateral meniscus were found. Cells of different shapes were observed depending on the surficial or deep location in the tissue. There were no blood vessels in the inner part of discoid lateral meniscus.

Conclusion The findings of the current study seem to confirm that discoid lateral meniscus arises from variant morphogenesis. Furthermore, the altered distribution and shape of the cells and disorganization of collagen fibers (irrespectively of the age of the patients) may predispose discoid lateral meniscus to degeneration, damage, and tear in young patients also.

Level of Evidence Level of evidence 4 (case series).
Irreducible Posterolateral Fracture Dislocation of the Knee in an Elderly Patient Treated with Rotating Hinge Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Bernardi Gabriele , Manisera Maria Teresa , Vallone Alexander , Tudisco Cosimo
Published: June 2021

Knee dislocation is one of the few real orthopaedic emergencies. It is a serious but relative uncommon injury, representing less than 0.02% of all orthopaedic injuries. Especially posterolateral knee dislocation is much rarer condition that is often missed or misdiagnosed. The main feature of this very rare condition is to be irreducible by closed reduction due to the interposition of soft tissues inside the enlarged medial joint space, such as the medial capsule and retinaculum, vastusmedialis, and medial meniscus. The pathognomonic sign of a posterolateral knee dislocation is the anteromedial distal thigh transverse “pucker” or “dimple sign.” We report the case of an 87-year-old man who sustained an irreducible posterolateral fracture dislocation of the knee after being hit by car which has been treated with rotating hinge knee replacement with 1-year of follow-up.
Quantum walks simulating non-commutative geometry in the Landau problem
Authors: Debbasch F.
Published: June 2021

Non-Commutative Geometry (NCG) is considered in the context of a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field. The classical and quantum mechanical treatments are revisited, and a new marker of NCG is introduced. This marker is then used to investigate NCG in magnetic Quantum Walks (QWs). It is proven that these walks exhibit NCG at and near the continuum limit. For the purely discrete regime, two illustrative walks of different complexities are studied in full detail. The most complex walk does exhibit NCG, but the simplest, most degenerate one does not. Thus, NCG can be simulated by QWs, not only in the continuum limit but also in the purely discrete regime.
Improvement of the far-infrared optical property for glasses by plasma-assisted dispersion of fluorocarbon species into the shallow surface
Authors: Sato Kiminori , Ito Kenji
Published: June 2021

Owing to global warming together with the demands for thermal energy storage in diverse fields, there is demand for transparent glasses achieving reflection of the short-wave far-infrared (IR) light from solar radiation while also absorbing the longer wavelength part. Here, we performed the plasma-assisted ion implantation using a desktop-type low-pressure fluorocarbon plasma generator system to improve the optical properties of transparent soda-lime glasses. Investigations using positron annihilation techniques for the plasma-treated glass demonstrated that the fluorocarbon species occupy the sub-nanoscale interstitial sites available in the glass network of the soda-lime glass as the intrinsic open spaces, forming an implantation layer in the shallow-surface region around a depth of 50 nm. As revealed by optical spectroscopy, the subsurface layer, due to the implanted fluorocarbon species, significantly cuts off the short-wave far-IR light around a wavelength of ∼3 µm and also acts as the absorber of the longer wavelength region from 7 to 12 µm. Plasma treatment could be a promising tool to improve the optical properties in the IR light region for various materials.
A two-buncher high-efficiency transit-time oscillator with a low guiding magnetic field
Authors: Deng Rujin , Dang Fangchao , Ge Xingjun , Wang Lei , Chi Hang , Zhang Peng , He Juntao , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2021

The energy consumption of high-power microwave sources has attracted much attention in the research field of high-power microwaves. One way of decreasing the energy consumption is to reduce the guiding magnetic field. In this work, a high-efficiency transit-time oscillator is proposed with a low guiding magnetic field. In order to enhance the modulation depth of electrons and increase the conversion efficiency under a low guiding magnetic field, two bunchers are adopted to modulate the electron beam. 2.5D simulation results show that the proposed device generates microwaves with a power of 3.6 GW and a frequency of 4.31 GHz. The power conversion efficiency is 40% and the modulation depth is 125% when the guiding magnetic field is only 0.5 T. In addition, a 3D simulation verifies the results.
On the design and performance of InGaN/Si double-junction photocathodes
Authors: Navid Ishtiaque A. , Vanka Srinivas , Awni Rasha A. , Xiao Yixin , Song Zhaoning , Yan Yanfa , Mi Zetian
Published: June 2021

Through a combined theoretical and experimental study, we have investigated the synthesis and performance characteristics of InGaN/Si double-junction photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting devices, which promise a theoretical solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency ∼30% under AM 1.5G one-sun illumination. The double-junction photocathodes consist of a p+-InGaN top light absorber and a Si bottom p-n junction, which are connected through a nanowire tunnel junction. The effect of indium composition of the top light absorber as well as the impact of p-type Mg dopant incorporation on the PEC performance was studied. Experimentally, the sample with 32% indium composition showed a maximum photocurrent density of ∼9 mA/cm2 at 0.4 V vs reverse hydrogen electrode (RHE) with applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) of ∼9.5%. An optimum p-type doping level ∼1 × 1017 cm−3 was also identified, which results in the best device performance as a result of optimum surface band bending as well as vertical charge carrier (hole) transport. These results also show a good agreement with our theoretical analysis. This work provides significant insights in advancing the design and development of high efficiency PEC devices for artificial photosynthesis using industry ready materials, e.g., Si and GaN, to achieve large-scale, low-cost onsite hydrogen fuel production.
Electron-phonon scattering in
β
-Ga2O3 studied by ultrafast transmission spectroscopy
Authors: Marcinkevičius Saulius , Speck James S.
Published: June 2021

Femtosecond pump-probe experiments in a transmission geometry were performed on Sn-doped n-type β-Ga2O3. With the pump and probe wavelengths below the bandgap, the differential transmission signal was determined by the free electron dynamics. Differential transmission decay times and their spectral dependence were used to evaluate electron-phonon scattering for polar optical (PO) and intervalley phonons. The obtained average electron-PO phonon scattering time is 4.5 ± 0.4 fs, while the electron scattering to and from the side valley is 80 ± 5 fs. The energy between the absolute and second lowest conduction band minima is estimated to be 2.6 ± 0.1 eV.
K-shell radiation and neutron emission from z-pinch plasmas generated by hybrid gas-puff implosions onto on-axis wires
Authors: Klir D. , Shishlov A. V. , Kokshenev V. A. , Cherdizov R. K. , Cikhardt J. , Fursov F. I. , Kravarik J. , Kubes P. , Kurmaev N. E. , Malir J. , Munzar V. , Novotny J. , Ratakhin N. A. , Rezac K.
Published: June 2021

Z-pinches have been explored as efficient soft x-ray sources for many years. To optimize x-ray emission, various z-pinch configurations were tested. This paper presents data obtained with a hybrid gas-puff z-pinch imploding onto on-axis wires on a microsecond, multi-megaampere GIT-12 generator. In our previous experiments, the hybrid gas puff, i.e., an inner deuterium gas puff surrounded by an outer hollow cylindrical plasma shell, was used to produce energetic protons, deuterons, and neutrons up to 60 MeV [Klir et al., New J. Phys. 22, 103036 (2020)]. The behavior of the hybrid gas-puff z-pinch on GIT-12 was interpreted as a high-density plasma opening switch with a microsecond conduction time, 3 MA conduction current, nanosecond opening, and up to 60 MV stand-off voltage. These properties can be employed to transfer the current into an on-axis load with a high rise rate. In the recent experiments on GIT-12, we therefore placed single or multiple aluminum wires on the axis of the hybrid gas-puff z-pinch. Before a current sheath arrived at the axis, a coronal plasma was seen around the wire. A rapid increase in x-ray radiation was observed when the coronal plasma imploded onto the axis. The coronal plasma implosion resulted in a long (2 cm), narrow (∼mm) column radiating in the Al K-shell lines. With the single Al wire of 80 μm diameter, the K-shell x-ray output reached 5.5 ± 0.8 kJ in a 0.6 ± 0.1 TW peak power and 7 ± 1 ns pulse. The higher K-shell yield of 12 ± 2 kJ and peak K-shell power of 0.7 ± 0.1 TW were achieved with four 38 μm diameter Al wires. (Their cross section formed the corners of a square with 1 mm side.) The presence of the wires on the axis significantly suppressed ion acceleration and neutron production. Deuterium-deuterium (DD) neutron yields of about 1.2 × 1011 were 20 times smaller than the yields produced in shots without any wire. The DD neutron yield was increased up to 4.5 × 1011 when the Al wire was replaced by a fiber from deuterated polyethylene. A characteristic feature of the experiments with the (CD2)n fiber was a rapid expansion with the velocity approaching 900 km/s.
Design of a four-sided magnetic circuit for an optical pickup actuator for multilayer high-density optical disks
Authors: Liu Mingyuan , Su Ping , Ma Jianshe
Published: June 2021

Large-capacity optical storage materials have reached a stage of relative maturity, but progress in the design of optical pickup actuators is currently slow. To improve the reading and writing capabilities of optical recording systems, we propose a design for a four-sided magnetic circuit for an optical pickup actuator for multilayer high-density optical disks that make full use of the space around the actuator. The basic magnetic circuit model in this design, which is derived by the equivalent magnetic charge method, can be applied to the design of all such actuators. The static and dynamic magnetic circuit evaluation parameters established in this paper can be used conveniently and directly to improve the magnetic circuit performance of the actuator. The design was verified by finite element simulation, and linear working ranges of ±2.6 mm, ±0.6 mm, and ±16° were found in the focusing, tracking, and tilting degrees of freedom. This is sufficient to compensate for errors in phase-change optical disks with more than 50 layers in high-speed rotation. The theoretical servo accuracy of the actuator can reach tens of nanometers. This can be used with a dual-objective-lens layout that can support layer-skip reading and writing of optical disks with an effective working bandwidth greater than 10 000 Hz.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K1 of the air-kerma standards of the GUM, Poland and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Knyziak A , Szymko M , Derlaciński M
Published: June 2021

Main text

A new key comparison of the standards for air kerma of the Główny Urząd Miar (GUM), Poland and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM during June-July 2020. The comparison result, evaluated as a ratio of the GUM and the BIPM standards for air kerma, is 1.0039 with a combined standard uncertainty of 3 parts in 103. The result agrees within the uncertainties with the direct comparison carried out in 2006. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K1 of the air-kerma standards of the ARPANSA, Australia and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Oliver C , Bailey T , Butler D
Published: June 2021

Main text

A new key comparison of the standards for air kerma of the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA), Australia and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM in November 2020. The comparison result, based on the calibration coefficients for two transfer chambers and expressed as a ratio of the ARPANSA and the BIPM standards for air kerma, is 0.9986 with a combined standard uncertainty of 2.7 parts in 103. The result agrees within the uncertainties with the indirect comparison carried out in 2010. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report for supplementary comparison APMP.QM-S9.2017: 100 μmol/mol of carbon monoxide in nitrogen
Authors: Lee Jeongsoon , Lee JinBok , Lim Jeongsik , Moon Dongmin , Aggarwal Shankar G , Johri Prabha , Soni Daya , Hui Liu , Ming Kai Fuu , Sinweeruthai Ratirat , Rattanasombat Soponrat , Zuas Oman , Budiman Harry , Mulyana Muhammad Rizky , Alexandrov Vladimir
Published: June 2021

Main text

Carbon monoxide (CO) in nitrogen was one of the first types of gas mixtures used in an international key comparison. This comparison dates back to 1998 (CCQM-K1a) [1]. Another key comparison on carbon monoxide is the CCQM-K51 at the lower amount fraction of 5 μmol/mol. Since then, many National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) have developed Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs) for these mixtures. Recently, NMIs in the APMP region have actively participated in international comparisons to provide domestic services. At the 2017 APMP meeting, several NMIs requested a CO comparison to establish CO/N2 certification for supporting industrial needs, which was to be coordinated by KRISS. Consequently, this supplementary comparison provides an opportunity for APMP regional NMIs to meet their industrial needs. It is a replica of APMP.QM-S9.[2]

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report for supplementary comparison APMP.QM-S15: carbon dioxide in nitrogen at 1000 μmol/mol
Authors: Lee Jeongsoon , Lee JinBok , Lim Jeongsik , Moon Dongmin , Aggarwal Shankar G , Johri Prabha , Soni Daya , Hui Liu , Ming Kai Fuu , Sinweeruthai Ratirat , Rattanasombat Soponrat , Zuas Oman , Budiman Harry , Mulyana Muhammad Rizky , Alexandrov Vladimir
Published: June 2021

Main text

Carbon dioxide (CO2) in nitrogen was one of the first types of gas mixtures performed at an international key comparison. The comparison dates back to 1998 (CCQMK1a) [1]. Since then, many National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) have developed Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs) for these mixtures. The international comparison of CO2 at ambient level through CCQM-K52 was compared in 2007 [2]. Recently, NMIs in the APMP region have focused on developing emission standards for regulating CO2 released by various powered vehicles such as automobiles (motor cars). At the 2017 APMP meeting, several NMIs requested a CO2/N2 comparison to establish their own standards related with automotive regulation, which was to be coordinated by KRISS. Consequently, this comparison provides a CMC for APMP regional NMIs to develop CO2/N2 CMC claim.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Investigation of the effects of some new physics models in semileptonic Ξ
b
and Ω
b
decays
Authors: Sheng Jin-Huan , Hu Quan-Yi , Zhu Jie
Published: June 2021

Recent deviations from the standard model (SM) predictions of the experimental results on the

R

D

(

*

)

of the

b
→
c
l

ν

̄

l

semileptonic decay suggest the intervention of new physics (NP) mechanisms, which would affect the decay. Motivated by this, we investigate the possible NP effects on

Ξ

b

→

Ξ

c

τ

ν

̄

τ

and

Ω

b

→

Ω

c

τ

ν

̄

τ

processes in some NP models, such as the vector leptoquark (LQ) model, W′ model, aligned two-Higgs-doublet model and supersymmetry without R-parity model. Using the NP coupling parameter values obtained from different observables, we calculate various observables, such as the differential decay rate

d
B
/
d

q

2

, the forward–backward asymmetry

A

FB

l

(

q

2

)

, the polarization fraction of final-state lepton and daughter baryon

P

L

l

(

q

2

)

as well as

P

L

Ξ

c

(

Ω

c

)

(

q

2

)

, and the convexity parameter

C

F

l

(

q

2

)

in the SM and NP models. It is found that the SM predictions are consistent with those of previous works. In addition, the differential decay rate

d
B
/
d

q

2

is quite sensitive to the contributions of some NP models. NP predictions generally show large deviations from the corresponding SM predictions. Nevertheless, the NP effects on some observables in the W′ model and LQ model are not sensitive, and these observables show the same variation tendency in the two NP models as in the SM.
Role of in-situ hydrogen plasma treatment on gate bias stability and performance of a-IGZO thin-film transistors
Authors: Prasad Om Kumar , Mohanty Srikant Kumar , Wu Chien Hung , Yu Tsung Ying , Chang Kow Ming
Published: June 2021

This work investigates the effect of an in situ hydrogen plasma treatment on gate bias stability and performance of amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors (TFTs) deposited by using atmospheric-pressure PECVD. The H2 plasma-treated a-IGZO channel has shown significant improvement in bias stress induced instability with a minuscule threshold voltage shift (ΔV
th) of 0.31 and −0.17 V under positive gate bias stress (PBS) and negative gate bias stress (NBS), respectively. With the aid of the energy band diagram, the proposed work demonstrates the formation of negative species O2
− and positive species H2O+ in the backchannel under PBS and NBS in addition to ionized oxygen vacancy (Vo) defects at a-IGZO/ZrO2 interfaces are the reason for gate bias instability which could be effectively suppressed with in situ H2 plasma treatment. From the experimental result, it is observed that the electrical performance such as field-effect mobility (μ
FE), on-off current ratio (I
on/I
off), and subthreshold swing improved significantly by in situ H2 plasma treatment with passivation of interface trap density and bulk trap defects.
Infectious disease dynamics in metapopulations with heterogeneous transmission and recurrent mobility
Authors: Cota Wesley , Soriano-Paños David , Arenas A , Ferreira Silvio C , Gómez-Gardeñes Jesús
Published: June 2021

Human mobility, contact patterns, and their interplay are key aspects of our social behavior that shape the spread of infectious diseases across different regions. In the light of new evidence and data sets about these two elements, epidemic models should be refined to incorporate both the heterogeneity of human contacts and the complexity of mobility patterns. Here, we propose a theoretical framework that allows accommodating these two aspects in the form of a set of Markovian equations. We validate these equations with extensive mechanistic simulations and derive analytically the epidemic threshold. The expression of this critical value allows us to evaluate its dependence on the specific demographic distribution, the structure of mobility flows, and the heterogeneity of contact patterns, thus shedding light on the microscopic mechanisms responsible for the epidemic detriment driven by recurrent mobility patterns reported in the literature.
Collisions in a dual-species magneto-optical trap of molecules and atoms
Authors: Jurgilas S , Chakraborty A , Rich C J H , Sauer B E , Frye Matthew D , Hutson Jeremy M , Tarbutt M R
Published: June 2021

We study inelastic collisions between CaF molecules and 87Rb atoms in a dual-species magneto-optical trap. The presence of atoms increases the loss rate of molecules from the trap. By measuring the loss rates and density distributions, we determine a collisional loss rate coefficient k
2 = (1.43 ± 0.29) × 10−10 cm3 s−1 at a temperature of 2.4 mK. We show that this is not substantially changed by light-induced collisions or by varying the populations of excited-state atoms and molecules. The observed loss rate is close to the universal rate expected in the presence of fast loss at short range, and can be explained by rotation-changing collisions in the ground electronic state.
Analysis and implementation of the bi-polar slope one algorithm with the content base filtering method in producing culinary place recommendations in kuningan regency
Authors: Suseno Endra , Priantama Rio , Irawan Dede
Published: June 2021

The recommendation system is an analysis model to obtain recommendations that use filtering techniques to produce recommendations as desired. One of the prediction algorithms is Bipolar Slope One which is a development of the Slope One algorithm to predict an event. Previous studies have shown that the results of the recommendations on the Bipolar Slope One algorithm show a mismatch between the type of recommended item and the type of item that has been rated by the active user, because the rating prediction process in the Bipolar Slope One algorithm does not pay attention to the type or content of the item, but pay more attention to the similarity of rating patterns. This study uses the Content-Based Filtering method to form a profile based on the attributes of an item which will make an assessment based on the analysis of the similarity of the user profile with the vector space model. Application users get information about which culinary delights have an item profile that is expected by him. Culinary players get information about what item profile I expect by the User.
Design and development of information technology-based e-participatory application in participative development planning
Authors: Nugraha Nunu , Nugraha Dadan , Hamdani Dadang , Nursyamsu Roni , Rahajaan Jerry Dounald
Published: June 2021

The application of information technology is a supporting instrument in the administrative process as well as the provision of useful information for all groups to improve performance, one of which is in government. Governments around the world are currently facing “pressure” from various parties to improve the quality of public services and to increase active participation in providing information for the public and it is demanded to be more effective. E-Government can expand public participation where people are allowed to be actively involved in decision-making and policies held by the government. Kuningan District is one of the sub-districts in Kuningan Regency, the obstacle that arise related to community participatory development planning is that there are still many proposals from the sub-district that the Kuningan Regency government has not approved. It needs a means to monitor the progress of its implementation, including the use of information technology to accommodate development planning proposals based on participatory and active roles of the community in the form of e-Participatory application design. This research uses Waterfall system method as system development method. The programming language used in the system is PHP programming language and its database management uses SQL. By implementing the e-Participative application, the Kuningan district government can accommodate suggestions from each village in the Kuningan district area. Besides, this research can be a material consideration for Kuningan District to synergize policies and regulations through strategic plans and development planning proposals in the Kuningan sub-district based on effective and efficient community participation.