bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological vitality of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park
Authors: Jamnická Gabriela , Konôpková Alena , Fleischer Peter , Kurjak Daniel , Petrík Peter , Petek Anja , Húdoková Hana , Fleischer Peter , Homolová Zuzana , Ježík Marek , Ditmarová Ľubica
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, a large area of Norway spruce forest stands in Europe is disturbed by windstorm and, subsequently, bark beetle outbreaks. We investigated the state of three disturbed spruce stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park (Slovakia) through various physiological processes. Tree-growth characteristics, the mineral nutrition in the needles, and photosynthetic efficiency were assessed. Two techniques of chlorophyll a fluorescence and analyses of assimilatory pigments were used to detect the changes in photosynthesis functioning. Also, the heat sensitivity of photosystem II was tested. Our results showed that these stands are located in nutrient-poor environments. We recorded similar contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc, and iron in all stands. Down the vertical transect, the contents of calcium, magnesium, and manganese significantly decreased and the non-essential aluminium increased. Based on stem circumference measurements, water deficit occurred during the vegetation season in all stands, but with the smallest magnitude highest U–stand. We found some photosynthetic constraints: slightly lower chlorophyll contents in all stands were recorded; however, seasonal dynamics with increasing chlorophyll concentration in the highest U–stand were observed. Moreover, the photochemistry of the lowest D–stand was the most negatively influenced by simulated heat, as the photosynthetic performance index, and the density of the active reactions centres significantly decreased and the values of the K–step and basal fluorescence increased. Therefore, we can conclude the different levels of physiological vitality in these naturally damaged spruce stands, with the best physiological performance of the trees in the highest stand.
Impact of the European bark beetle Ips typographus on biochemical and growth properties of wood and needles in Siberian spruce Picea obovata
Authors: Konôpková Alena , Vedernikov Konstantin E. , Zagrebin Egor A. , Islamova Nadezhda A. , Grigoriev Roman A. , Húdoková Hana , Petek Anja , Kmeť Jaroslav , Petrík Peter , Pashkova Anna S. , Zhuravleva Anastasia N. , Bukharina Irina L.
Published: January 2022

European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is an important driver of ecological processes in spruce stands, with severe effects on forestry economies. To prevent bark beetle outbreaks, early detection of infestations is a crucial step in forest management. It is expected that bark beetle infestation modifies biochemical composition of wood and needles, alters physiological responses in the early stage of infestation, which results in the reduction of tree growth and ultimately a tree death. Therefore, we studied the differences in biochemical composition of wood, content of photosynthesis-related pigments, shoot morphology, and growth between the healthy Siberian spruce trees (Picea obovata) and trees which were infested by I. typographus. The study was performed in five experimental plots established in the south of the Udmurt Republic in the European part of the Russian Federation. Three infested and three non-infested trees were chosen on each plot. Our results showed no significant effect of bark beetle infestation on the content of main structural components of wood – holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin. On the other hand, we found differences in the content of extractive substances in the wood. Specifically, we found a higher tannin content in the non-infested trees. The content of photosynthesis-related pigments differed between the non-infested and infested trees as well. Unexpectedly, bark beetle infestation caused the overproduction of both pigment types rather than their degradation. Moreover, we observed that a higher amount of total extractive substances positively affected the incremental growth, whereas tannins supported the growth of shoots and needles.
Aspects of writing knowledge and EFL students' writing quality
Authors: Rofiqoh Rofiqoh , Basthomi Yazid , Widiati Utami , Puspitasari Yunita , Marhaban Saiful , Sulistyo Teguh
Published: January 2022

Writing knowledge pertaining to process, system, content, and genre plays an essential role to produce an intelligible composition. The purpose of the present study is twofold – to investigate the correlation between aspects of writing knowledge and quality of writing, and to investigate the contribution of the overall and individual aspects of writing knowledge to writing quality. The participants were 54 second-year ELT undergraduate students of a university in Indonesia. A writing test and multiple-choice test on writing knowledge were used as the instruments of data collection. The analysis employed Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. The result revealed a significant positive correlation between writing knowledge and writing quality. As a unit, the knowledge of process, system, content, and genre, indicates a significant contribution to the writing quality. Individually, however, only process knowledge significantly contributes to the writing quality. It provides additional pieces of evidence that process knowledge be given special attention, thus writing instruction should allow students to learn writing knowledge explicitly and implicitly.
Am I getting my point across? Microstructure of English classroom discourses by Acehnese teachers
Authors: Keumala Meta , Fitrisia Dohra , Samad Iskandar Abdul , Gani Sofyan Abdul
Published: January 2022

For English teaching practice, productive talks that spur students’ comprehension, creativity, and problem-solving ability are vital. This research aimed at finding out the spoken discourse based on six phases of microstructure in English classrooms. The data were obtained recordings and observations of two English teachers, chosen through purposive sampling, from Islamic senior high schools in Aceh. The data were concerned with the lexical density or the ratio of content to grammatical or function words within a clause. They were analyzed through thematic analysis which consists of five steps: data familiarization, code generation, theme search, themes revision, and theme definition. It was found that the total lexical density obtained by the first teacher in Class A was 63.66% and in class, B was 66.52%, while the second teacher in Class A was 71. 74% and in Class B was 68.12%. The second teacher 2 in Class A had a higher lexical density than the first teacher even though both of them are considered to produce a high lexical density of around 60-70%. The formality of spoken discourse of the two teachers shows that the first teacher produced 172.5 while the second teacher produced 184. It means that the second teacher's spoken discourse was more formal than the first teacher’s discourse. To analyze the utterances of teachers and to find the density of language used in the classrooms during the teaching and learning process is important because they implicitly inform whether the language used is understandable for the students or not.
Effects of affective variables and willingness to communicate on students’ English-speaking performance in Thailand
Authors: Waluyo Budi , Bakoko Rahmah
Published: January 2022

Recently, Willingness to Communicate (WTC) has been explored and proposed to be one of the key concepts for identifying when one decides to initiate communication in the target language. The attention, nonetheless, has been concentrated on how WTC interacts with other learners’ variables. This study, on the other hand, intends to offer empirical evidence on the direct roles of affective variables (self-confidence, anxiety, motivation, and grit) and WTC variables (WTC inside the classroom, WTC outside the classroom, and WTC in a digital setting) in Thai students’ English-speaking performance. The data were obtained from 35 undergraduate students (17.1% males; 82.9% females) using a survey questionnaire. Then, a speaking test was taken from an English Communication Skills course and was analysed using correlation and hierarchical regression. The results disclosed positive correlations among self-confidence, motivation, grit, WTC in a digital setting, WTC inside the classroom, WTC outside the classroom, and speaking performance, and negative correlations among self-confidence, anxiety, and grit. However, motivation was the only significant predictor of speaking performance. The findings offer some implications for English teachers in improving students’ English-speaking performance.
Language learning strategies used by Indonesian learners in IELTS
Authors: Damanik Juli Yanti
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the frequently used language learning strategies (LLS) by Indonesian learners in learning English for a high-stakes exam, IELTS. In addition, differences in the LLS use among participants with different proficiency were examined. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected by using an online survey by utilizing Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) as the instrument. Sixty-one Indonesian adult learners who had taken IELTS were involved in this study. Their IELTS score indicated their proficiency levels. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). It involved a descriptive analysis to find the frequency and an independent samples t-test to see the LLS use based on proficiency. The findings revealed that the participants used various LLS in learning English for IELTS. The most frequently used strategies were metacognitive, followed by cognitive, compensative, social, affective, and memory strategies. Meanwhile, the independent samples t-test showed that the difference in the LLS use among participants with different proficiency was not noticeable. Reflecting on the results, it is proposed that English teachers in Indonesia may start growing their learners’ awareness of LLS benefits and teach them to use them properly in their learning English for IELTS.
The different uses of the pronoun ‘we’ by EFL teachers in classroom interaction
Authors: Muthi'ah Muthi'ah , Galib Syamsul Arif , Tsuraya Annisa Shofa , Abubakar Multazam , Nur Nur Aliyah , Nawir Muhammad Syahruddin
Published: January 2022

The pronoun ‘we’ is understood only to refer to the first-person plural. In fact, the pronoun ‘we’ can also refer to other references. The primary purpose of this study is to examine the different uses of the pronoun ‘we’ by EFL teachers in classroom interaction. This study employed a qualitative approach by using three instruments: observation, audio-recorder, and interview in collecting the data. The subjects of this research are two English teachers and the second-grade students at a vocational high school in Makassar. The data were analyzed by formulating Miles et al.’s method of analysis. The result of this study shows that, in classroom interaction, the pronoun ‘we’ can refer to six distinct references: (1) ‘we’ that refers to speaker and more than one addressee, (2) ‘we’ that refers to speaker and more than one-third party, (3) ‘we’ that refers to speaker and indefinite group, (4) ‘we’ that indicates ‘you’, (5) ‘we’ that indicates ‘I’, and (6) ‘we’ that indicates “they”. From the interviews, the researchers found that both teachers have different reasons for using the pronoun ‘we’ in classroom interaction. The first teacher intends to use the pronoun to help him create an enjoyable learning environment and establish better relationships with the students. In contrast, the other teacher uses the pronoun ‘we’ to show politeness to the students. Despite the differences, they both seem to have the same intention of creating a positive learning environment.
Non-millennial teachers’ strategies in coping with the online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sasongko Febry Khunto , Kristina Diah , Asib Abdul
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the strategies used by five non-millennial teachers (aged 54-59 years old) of a junior high school in coping with the online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia. The teachers were interviewed, and the data were transcribed and analyzed by creating a data repository, expanding the codes, describing the coded data, and drawing conclusions. The results revealed that the teachers had several strategies used, which were to increase students’ interest in learning, provide students with knowledge and attention, create efficient learning resources, and use SIMPEL (Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pembelajaran or Learning Management Information System), which is specifically available only in Ngawi. SIMPEL was specially developed by the Ngawi district education office, to ensure that the learning processes in Ngawi Regency continue to run optimally during the COVID-19 outbreak. SIMPEL substituted the use of online YouTube videos and materials because the materials were already provided by the system, decreasing the need for the teachers to depend on other resources. Despite these teachers also using other online platforms, hence issues such as the slow internet connection, running out of quotas and blackouts, hindered their efforts to use these platforms at times. Hence, WAG was the most used media to conduct their online learning due to its simplicity and availability. These teachers continued to strive to learn digital technologies ever since they changed from their previous face-to-face teaching strategies.
Introdução às metodologias da investigação em motricidade humana. Manual prático de análises de dados com SPSS
Authors: Carús Pablo
Published: January 2022

The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) is a computer statistical program used to perform various types of statistical analyses. This book aims to teach how to use SPSS, in an applied way in the introduction to research methodologies in human motricity. To do so, we start by teaching how to prepare a data file in SPSS and then by explaining how the transformation of new variables is carried out and the conditions of applicability of parametric tests. Finally, we attend to the learning procedure of computation and interpretation of the window of results of some parametric and non-parametric tests most used in human kinetics, for a basic-intermediate level.
Polskie badania konstruktów dziewczęcości i kobiecości w fantastyce dla młodych dorosłych
Authors: Kostecka Weronika
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie stanu polskich badań nad kulturowymi obrazami kobiet i dziewcząt w literaturze fantastycznej dla młodych dorosłych. Kontekst rozważań stanowi przegląd prac badawczych dotyczących tej problematyki w twórczości literackiej dla młodzieży w ogóle oraz w prozie fantastycznej dla czytelników dorosłych. Fantastyka jest częstym wyborem czytelniczym młodych Polaków i Polek, dlatego przypuszczalnie odgrywa ona istotną rolę w transmisji wzorców kulturowych, także tych związanych z modelami genderowymi. Stąd kluczowa dla niniejszego tekstu teza, zgodnie z którą badanie tych literackich modeli jest równie istotne. W artykule pokazano, na czym skupiały się dotychczasowe rodzime analizy konstrukcji bohaterek utworów fantastycznych dostępnych na rodzimym rynku wydawniczym, kierowanych (wyłącznie lub między innymi) do młodych odbiorców, a także zaproponowano kierunek dalszych eksploracji badawczych.
O (nieco zapomnianym) mistrzu fantastyki. Sprawozdanie z konferencji Niekończący się Michael Ende – sylwetka, sygnatura, strategie fantastyczne (Kraków, 8 listopada 2019 roku)
Authors: Pielorz Dorota
Published: January 2022

Niniejszy tekst jest sprawozdaniem z konferencji Niekończący się Michael Ende – sylwetka, syg-natura, strategie fantastyczne, która odbyła się 8 listopada 2019 roku w Krakowie. Autorka przedstawia w nim wyznaczone przez organizatorów cele, z których najważniejszym wydaje się przypomnienie postaci oraz twórczości tego wybitnego, a jednocześnie nieco zapomnianego nad Wisłą klasyka literatury fantastycznej. Najwięcej uwagi poświęca przebiegowi konferencji, krótko omawiając wszystkie wygłoszone podczas sesji referaty. Zwraca uwagę na interdyscyplinarny charakter spotkania, wskazując ponadto możliwe kierunki poszerzenia refleksji dotyczącej twórczości niemieckiego pisarza wyznaczane przez przywoływaną literaturę przedmiotu.
Tanatos w cyklu „Tułacze” Mariny i Siergieja Diaczenków
Authors: Borowski Marcin Maksymilian
Published: January 2022

Artykuł stanowi hermeneutyczne rozważania nad motywem śmierci w cyklu Tułacze Mariny i Siergieja Diaczenków. Cykl łączy nadrzędny temat eschatologiczny, który nie spełnia jedynie funkcji impresywno-rozrywkowej. Jest pretekstem, by sięgnąć do głębszych symbolicznych pokładów, postawić ważkie pytania o życie, by rozważać nad jego istotą i nad tym, co jest w nim najważniejsze z punktu widzenia jednostki czy całej ludzkości. Temat śmierci łączy się z trudnymi wyborami, pokonywaniem słabości, dowodzeniem, że losy świata mogą zależeć od decyzji jednostki, i z romantyczno-chrześcijańską ideą samopoświęcenia dla innych.
Wokół pisarstwa „historyczno-fantastycznego” Teodora Parnickiego (na podstawie dylogii „Muza dalekich podróży” i „Staliśmy jak dwa sny”)
Authors: Szargot Maciej
Published: January 2022

Artykuł jest poświęcony kształtowi genologicznemu uprawianej przez Teodora Parnickiego powieści historyczno-fantastycznej, rozpatrywanemu na przykładzie dylogii, którą tworzą dzieła Muza dalekich podróży i Staliśmy jak dwa sny. Szczególnie interesuje mnie obecna w powieściach fantastyka, która wyraźnie reprezentuje dwa typy. Pierwszy z nich nazwałem „fantastyką historyczną”, drugi sam pisarz określił jako „fantastykę czystą”. Ich współwy­stępowanie odróżnia uprawianą przez Parnickiego powieść od form pokrewnych (powieści historycznej, fantastycznej i historii alternatywnej), a zarazem wyposaża dzieła prozaika w znane z literatury romantycznej cechy (autotematyzm, ironię romantyczną) oraz decyduje o przeważającej nad historycznością – literackości dzieła.
A Kinetic Study for Malachite Green Removal of Adsorption over Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kahdum Bashaer J
Published: January 2022

Current study was carried out to determine the adsorption ability of the Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by adsorption Malachite Green dye from an aqueous solution. Crystal structure of the materials was measured using powder X-rays diffraction (PXRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance and specific surface area (BET). Many parameters that affecting the adsorption process such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and temperature were studied. The outcome showed that an increasing occurred in the adsorbent dosage and the rate of dye removal, and the best efficiency for Malachite Green dye removal was amounted 99. 11 %. The results were obtained at optimal reaction conditions were pH = 5.5, catalyst weight 0.15 g, T = 298 K and reaction time = 1 h. In addition, the equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics studies were investigated using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm (R2=0.9506) was found to be the best fitted for experimental data of this study .A higher correlation value of kinetic model was observed close to pseudo-second-order (R2=0.999) compared to other kinetic models.
Importancia de la obtención de recubrimientos para alimentos a partir de residuos agrícolas del Valle de Ciudad Serdán, Puebla México
Authors: Bernabé Salas María Del Rosario , Juárez Cadena José Felipe Fausto , Rivera Cruz José Luis , Cruz Guerra Elías , Hernández Jiménez José Pascual
Published: January 2022

La preocupación de la  industria de los alimentos por obtener o encontrar nuevas alternativas para recubrir los alimentos postcosecha que tengan mayor durabilidad en anaquel, la tendencia de la población por tener estilos de vida saludables y con la conciencia de consumir alimentos listos para degustar y que sean mínimamente procesados, las cifras alarmantes de la FAO en cuanto al desperdicio de alimentos por no ser conservados adecuadamente, hace que se lleven a cabo investigaciones en las cuales se analicen diversos desechos agrícolas para obtener recubrimientos que sean biodegradables y prolonguen la vida de anaquel de los productos hortofrutícolas.  En la región de Ciudad Serdán, se tienen diferentes fuentes de residuos agrícolas con potencial de utilización para la elaborar películas y/o recubrimientos para ser aplicados a alimentos. Esta investigación muestra el trabajo realizado con la pulpa de calabaza de castilla utilizada como una alternativa para la elaboración de recubrimientos de frutas y hortalizas con la finalidad de prolongar su vida de anaquel. Uno de los resultados obtenidos es un recubrimiento a partir de la pulpa de calabaza de castilla que es desechada por los agricultores de la zona, además de lograr registrar una solicitud de patente de este procedimiento ante el Instituto Mexicano de la Propiedad Industrial.
Efectividad de dos tratamientos alternativos (própolis et allium sativum) en el control de mastitis subclínica bovina, en el departamento de Estelí Nicaragua, febrero 2020
Authors: Landero Amaya Jaime Antonio , Castillo Tórrez Dayana Marina , Altamirano Silva Pamela Guadalupe
Published: January 2022

El estudio experimental se realizó en Estelí, en las fincas: “Los Chilamates” y “Tres ojos de agua”, el objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del Propóleos y el ajo en casos de mastitis subclínica bovina. Entre las variables en estudio se contemplan: diagnóstico de mastitis subclínica, bacterias predominantes, eficacia de los tratamientos sobre las bacterias y análisis beneficio costo. El experimento consistía en la aplicación de 5 ml de cada tratamiento en el pezón más afectado de cada vaca con mastitis, previamente se realizaron pruebas para diagnosticar cuáles de las vacas eran las que estaban positivas. Durante los cinco días de aplicación del tratamiento estuvimos extrayendo muestra de leche para posteriormente realizar cultivos bacteriológicos y observar si durante la aplicación del tratamiento surgían cambios. Para obtener nuestros resultados, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal para la variable incidencia de mastitis obteniendo como resultados  un 29%. Se realizó una tinción de Gram  para identificar las siguientes bacterias: Staphylococus aureus 12 %, Escherichia coli 25 %, Streptococcus dygalactie 17 %, Streptococcus agalactie 21 %, Pseudomonas 25 %. Se procedió a realizar un análisis de varianza para la variable efectividad de los tratamientos, el resultado fue el siguiente: el valor de P fue 0.001 indicándonos que hay diferencia estadística entre cada tratamiento obteniendo mejor resultado el propóleos, mientras que el tratamiento a base de ajo dio resultados negativos. Al hacer un análisis beneficio costo pudimos constatar que el propóleos es una opción eficaz y económica, dado que se obtuvo un 1.43% en índice de  ganancia, es por esta razón que se recomienda utilizar el propóleos en casos de mastitis subclínica
Qaraciyər rezeksiyalarından sonrakı ağırlaşmaların proqnozlaşdırılması və profilaktikası
Authors:   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti, Bayramov Nuru
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate liver resection techniques, increase regeneration and to predict complication after hepatectomies. Results of liver resection in the 165 patients and of the different treatment modalities in the 70 rabbits were analysed. Indication for liver resection was hepatocellulary carcinoma (87), metastasis (27), living-related liver transplantation, hemangioma (17), hydatid cysts (4) and others. Of these 165 patients 59 had concomitant cirrhosis and 54 had chronic hepatitis. A comparative studies of the methods of parenchyma dissection, such as clamp-crashing- CC (in the 45 patients), ultrasonic dissector – CUSA (in the 64 patients) and combined use of the CUSA and argon beam coagulation –CUSA+AC (in the 56 patients) were carried out. Results showed that in patients with associated parenchyma disease the CUSA have no advantage over the CC technique in terms of resection time. CUSA+AC decreased blood loss, operation time, transfusion requirements, portal clamping time and morbidity (from 51,7% to 19,5%) in comparison to the CC and CUSA. So, CUSA+AC seemed to be an effective technique for parenchyma dissection in the both normal and fibrotic livers. Comparative study of the different modalities of the He-Ne laser irradiation (irradiation of the liver, portal blood and intravascular blood) and dalargin in the hepatecomized animals showed that combined use of the intravascular blood laser irradiation and dalargin (BLI+D) increase liver regeneration, decrease hepatocyte injury and restore hepatic function abnormalities. The BLI+D method was used in the 76 hepatectomized patients. Results showed that BLI+D increase regeneration rate, decrease time for restoration of the postresectional functional abnormalities, hepatocyte injury and morbidity from 39,6% to 25,4%. Multivariate analyses showed that four of the 58 studied values have independent prognostic significance only: cirrhosis, preoperative bilirubin, parenchyma resection rate, and intraoperative indocyanine green index (ICG). The ICG test was designed for measurement of functional capacity of the remnant liver before resection. This test showed high sensitivity (91,3%) and specificity (77,8%) rate in the prediction of postoperative complications.
Effect Of Use Menstrual Cup To Personal Hygiene And Genital Inflammation : Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Putri Eka Septi Adelia , Dwi Izzati , Lestari Pudji
Published: January 2022

Backgrounds: Poor personal hygiene factors and frequency of changing sanitary napkins make genital becomes more moist and susceptible to bacterial growth. (Sari, 2012). The alternative choice of the menstrual cup is considered the best medium for collecting menstrual blood because it can minimize fishy odors and the emergence of infections, irritations, and rashes (Beksinska et al., 2015).Purpose: Describe the menstrual cup affect on personal hygiene and genital inflammation. Method: This study used a systematic review of articles in the Scopus, Pubmed, Science Direct, Proquest, and EBSCOhost CHINAHL. Twelve articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as samples for future review. The results regarding the factors causing late referral are explained in the narrative. Result: Participants had good habits in personal hygiene when using menstrual cups (6 articles), participants felt the benefits of menstrual cups (5 articles), it was found that genital inflammation in low prevalence, but also the majority of participants felt the benefits of menstrual cups (5 articles). Conclusion: Generally participant had a good habit, although there is some different personal hygiene method. The menstrual cup is a kind of safe menstrual sanitary with low risk of health problems, so it can be a choice for women.
Antenatal Ultrasound Should Be For All; Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia - A Case Report
Authors: Azwan Reyhan Julio , Basyir Vaulinne , Yusrawati Yusrawati
Published: January 2022

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is an anatomical defect of the diaphragm, which allows protrusion of abdominal viscera into the chest, causing serious pulmonary and cardiac complications in the neonate. In this study we aimed to present a case of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. We investigated a 35-36 weeks of pregnancy, with a pregnancy carried out in a public hospital in Padang, West Sumatera. We suggest that if diagnosis occurs in the prenatal period, the prognosis of this disease improves.
Family Perceptions Toward Muslim Corpses Management of COVID-19 Patients in Padang City
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Susanti Rika , Zhuhra Rahma Tsania
Published: January 2022

Dr. M. Djamil Hospital as a referral center of COVID-19 cases in West Sumatera has a COVID-19 protocol in managing the corpses of COVID-19 patients. This study explores factors that affect patient’s family perception toward procedures of handling COVID-19 corpses. We held a qualitative study with phenomenological design to explore the family perceptions toward Muslims corpses management of COVID-19. Ten deep interviews were conducted with the ones who had their family members died by probable or confirmed COVID-19 and the corpses were managed according to COVID-19 protocols. Data triangulation was accomplished via in depth-interviews with two mortuary officers in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital. Three main themes were identified are the corpse management in COVID-19 patients, contributing factors regarding burial procedure during the COVID-19 pandemic, and challenges in managing corpses of  COVID-19 patients
The Effect Of Using Leaflet Media To Reduce Anxiety In Pregnant Women In Trimester III During The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Andalas Health Center
Authors: Iffah Uliy , Hudzaifah Hindun Mila , Shabrina Ranny , Tasya Lulisa Desrama
Published: January 2022

Anxiety in pregnant women can arise, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy until delivery, where during this period pregnant women feel anxious about various things such as anxiety about the baby's birth process and the pain they feel. Covid-19 causes pregnant women to be very anxious about their pregnancy and also with the rules for preparing for childbirth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using leaflet media on the level of anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Andalas Health Center, Padang City.  The type of research used is quasi-experimental with a control group pretest-posttest design. In this research design, the experimental group received education using leaflet media, while the control group was given conventional-based education (without using media). The results of The p-value is 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is a difference in anxiety before and after being given health education. The provision of health education interventions about childbirth can reduce anxiety scores in third-trimester pregnant women.
PERAN INFORMASI MODAL INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI PADA HUBUNGAN ANTARA MODAL INTELEKTUAL DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Suhendro Saring , Syaipudin Usep , Metalia Mega
Published: January 2022

This paper empirically examines whether type of intellectual capital (IC) information affect market value of the firm. This paper also examines whether voluntary disclosure of intellectual capital information will strengthen the affect of intellectual capital information to market value of the firm. The samples were the banking industry firm listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017-2019. The variable of type of IC information measured by Intellectual Capital Disclosure Index (ICDI) by modifying the approach of García-Meca and Martínez (2007). The study finds that IC positively effect on market value of the firms. Moreover, this study finds that IC information-especially voluntary disclosure also strengthen (as moderating variable) the IC effect on firm value.
Politics and the violance. Dychotomy of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
Authors: Wiśniewski Artur
Published: January 2022

Koran, święta księga Islamu, stał się w swym ewolucyjnym toku dla ummy (społeczności muzułmańskiej) nie tylko źródłem prawd wiary, lecz również kodeksem moralnym, zawierającym zbiór nakazów i zakazów. Z uwagi na swą specyfikę literacką, anachroniczność i pojawiające się w nim niejasności, pozostawia pole do interpretacji, zarówno wśród zwykłych wiernych, jak i uczonych zajmujących się prawem koranicznym. Literalna interpretacja świętej księgi przyczyniła się do powstania wielu fundamentalizmów islamskich. Do jednego z nich zaliczyć należy utworzone w okresie międzywojennym na terytorium Egiptu Stowarzyszenie Braci Muzułmanów. Celem niniejszego tekstu jest ukazanie współistnienia dwóch przeplatających się ze sobą elementów funkcjonowania owej organizacji – politycznego i terrorystycznego, wynikających ze stosowania dosłownej i radykalnej zarazem wykładni Koranu.
European Climate Law - New legal revolution towards climate neutrality in the EU.
Authors: Przyborowicz Jakub Stefan
Published: January 2022

European Climate Law (EU Climate Law) shall become a critical element of future EU regulations and law-making process based on the Green Deal (EU climate and energy strategy) which is the result of the  COP21 and Paris Agreement undersigned during the conference of United Nations by its worldwide members. With the actual climate challenges, the EU wishes to keep the leader's role and trend in terms of radical decrease of GHG emissions.
Especially for that reason, a new regulatory framework was prepared with                                      a comprehensive overawe of various EU policies. As a result of those expectations, the European Commission has prepared EU Climate Law endorsed by a strong political signal from the European Parliament and Council with its declaratory conclusions.
This new legal act with its formula refers to many legal acts and EU policies such                       as “Fit for 55%” package , and many other energy-and climate related laws. It developed into an essential signal towards the EU Member States to keep comprehensive policies and plans towards climate neutrality. It should be underlined that this act will be a new opener towards upcoming legislative packages and potential financial instruments to come. Occasionally,                   EU policymakers use a controversial nomenclature defining Regulation as a “Climate Treaty” to emphasize the act’s significance and special regulatory status.
The aim of the article is to present and clarify the background of  the law-making process of the EU Climate Law and undercover the ongoing wave of the EU policies transformation towards net zero economy as well as to underline its importance for the future generations.
New York regulatory response to virtual currency risks
Authors: Tomczak Tomasz
Published: January 2022

This paper indicates the main risks connected with virtual currencies and shows what was the New York regulatory response to them. Because some time has passed since the adoption of the appropriate laws, the effect of the regulation could be also assessed. Based on described research, a thesis is put forward that even an onerous regulation of virtual currency in certain jurisdiction shall not kill this financial innovation there. Therefore, states should regulate crypto-assets to attract the industry which currently have a huge potential to growth.
The impact of moral norms on the creation of public expenditure law – the Polish experience
Authors: Tyniewicki Marcin , Salachna Joanna Małgorzata
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to determine the extent of dependence/relation between moral norms and public expenditure law established in Poland as well as to determine the impact of this law on the formation of citizenship. The following theses have been formulated by the Authors on the basis of elaborated diagram: firstly, moral norms, including social rules arising from universal Christian values, should directly and indirectly strongly influence legal regulations in the scope of public expenditure as well as education and citizenship; secondly and this is a reverse process – public spending may to a certain extend impact the content of moral norms. These theses have been verified on the basis of two pilot researches.

Moreover, the article, due to its aim, analyses the formation of public expenditure law in the context of public choice theory and principal-agent problem as well as verifies social evaluation of the connection between the content of moral norms and selected decisions concerning public expenditure.
Place of commission of the so-called transit forbidden act
Authors: Filek Bartłomiej Wojciech
Published: January 2022

The subject of the publication is the analysis of the place of comission of the so-called transit forbidden act. The publication explains the meaning of the concept of transit forbidden act and analyses the legal issue concerning the meaning of place of a causal link in determining the place of comission of the so-called transit forbidden act. The results of this analysis are important for determining the scope of application of the territoriality principle. The publication also presents de lege ferenda postulate concerning the analyzed issue.
Preliminary evaluation of anterior eye segment parameters involved in accomodation using optical coherence tomography in children with hyperopic anisometropia and amblyopia after refractive laser surgery
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary Branch, Cheboksary, Kulikova I.L. , Aleksandrova K.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary Branch, Cheboksary, Volkova L.N. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary Branch, Cheboksary
Published: January 2022

S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary Branch, Cheboksary
ACETYLCYSTEINE: BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND POTENTIAL CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Krasilnikova V. L. , Marmysh V. G. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2022

Objective. To perform an extended analysis of literature sources and evaluate biological activities, bioavailability of acetylcysteine and its potential to correct oxidative stress and inflammatory response in miscellaneous pathological conditions and diseases in clinical setting, as well as to assess the effectiveness of its parenteral application in experimental immunogenic uveitis. Material and Methods. Multiple sources of foreign and home literature concerning the problem of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection system, acetylcysteine (NAC) and its biological actions, ability to restore the pool of intracellular glutathione, its perspective use in miscellaneous pathological conditions, including degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the organ of vision were analyzed. Results. NAC is currently one of the most promising and safe pharmacological substances, which can be used for oxidative stress correction in inflammatory diseases, accompanied by glutathione level depletion. NAC possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, detoxifying, cytoprotective and anticarcinogenic properties. Its antioxidant effect is conducted through direct and indirect mechanisms. The indirect antioxidant effect of NAC is realized by replenishing the intracellular pool of glutathione. Conclusions. NAC solves the major problem of intracellular delivery of cysteine as a limiting amino acid for the glutathione synthesis. NAC possesses multi-vector, multidirectional effects and influences on the transcription factors responsible for the development of inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and maintenance of redox homeostasis in the body. Currently NAC is one of the most promising pharmacological agents for the oxidative stress correction in diseases accompanied by intracellular glutathione depletion.
THE ALGORITHM OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS AFTER THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT PLASTIC SURGERY
Authors:   Regional Sports Medicine Dispensary, Grodno, Belarus, Shpekht M. V. , Pirogova L. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2022

Background. The return of the original functions of the anterior cruciate ligament after its reconstruction is the most important task of rehabilitation. Therefore, the development of modern and effective methods for its restoration is an urgent and important task. Objective. To develop an algorithm of rehabilitation measures for the restoration of the anterior cruciate ligament after its plastic surgery using modern and effective methods of physical therapy. Material and methods. To develop the algorithm, methods of interval vacuum therapy with the "Vacusport" device and kinesiological tapes in combination with drug and non-drug therapies were used. The research methods included goniometry and motor tests. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test, descriptive statistics. Results. Statistically significant dependences of the studied indicators and recovery periods on the algorithm of application of the developed complex of rehabilitation measures were revealed. For the "flexion angle" parameter the differences in the groups were significant at p<0.001 (W=231) at the 8th week of the postoperative period; for the "strength test" parameter at p<0.002 (the proportion in the experimental group was 55.17% vs. 13.79% in the control one) at the 24th week; for the "pain" parameter at p<0.0001 (the proportion of 69% vs. 3.45%) at the 6th week; for the "edema " parameter at p<0.0002 (58.62% vs. 50% respectively) at the 6th week. Conclusions. A new method of using interval vacuum therapy and kinesiotaping in the complex of rehabilitation measures for the restoration of the anterior cruciate ligament after its reconstruction has been developed. The method significantly reduces the time of recovery.
POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENERGY APPARATUS OF RAT BRAIN HISTAMINERGIC NEURONS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Zimatkin S. М. , Zaerko А. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Fedina K. М. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2022

Background. Studying the development of the energy apparatus of hypothalamus histaminergic neurons in postnatal ontogenesis is of great interest, given the importance and insufficient knowledge of these cells. Aim of the study. To elucidate postnatal development of the energy apparatus of rat brain histaminergic neurons. Material and methods. The study was performed on 5-, 10-, 20-, 45- and 90-day-old outbred white rats (72 rats). An electron microscopic assessment of changes in the mitochondria structure, a histochemical study of key oxidative enzymes activity of these neurons and immunohistochemical assessment of ATP synthase and neuroglobin content in them were carried out. Results. The development of the energy apparatus of histaminergic neurons in postnatal ontogenesis is accompanied by an increase in the mitochondria number and the relative area occupied by them in the cytoplasm, a change in their shape and an increase in the cristae length in them. Changes at the ultramicroscopic level go parallel with the metabolic differentiation of these neurons, which includes a switch from anaerobic to aerobic energy production, as well as an increase in the expression of ATP synthase and neuroglobin, which determine the functional state of the energy apparatus of these cells. Conclusions. In rat postnatal ontogenesis, a natural development of the energy apparatus of brain histaminergic neurons takes place.
Evaluierung im Radverkehr: Praxishandbuch
Authors:   Technische Universität Dresden, Gerlach Julia , Scharfe Paula ,   Technische Universität Dresden, Arning Leonard
Published: January 2022

Die Bedeutung des Radverkehrs in Deutschland nimmt rasant zu. Immer mehr Menschen nutzen das Fahrrad für ihre Alltags- und Freizeitwege. Auch die Radverkehrsplanung erfährt einen stetig wachsenden Stellenwert mit dem Ziel, zusammenhängende Radverkehrsnetze zu schaffen. Den Kommunen und öffentlich-rechtlichen Körperschaften bieten sich neue Förder- und Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten für Infrastrukturmaßnahmen, aber auch für Kommunikations- und Marketingaktivitäten. Mit der zunehmenden Bedeutung des Radverkehrs und den damit verbundenen Aktivitäten der Radverkehrsförderung vor Ort stellt sich gleichzeitig die Frage nach dem Erfolg der Maßnahmen. Evaluationen können einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten, Stärken und Schwächen der Radverkehrsförderung zu erkennen und liefern Verwaltung und Politik eine wichtige Grundlage für zukünftige Entscheidungen. Gleichzeitig fördern sie die Transparenz und bieten Fakten und Argumente für die Kommunikationvon radverkehrsbezogenen Projekten. Evaluationen tragen somit effektiv zur Realisierung von fahrradfreundlichen Städten und Kommunen mit nachhaltigen Verkehrsstrukturen bei. Das vorliegende Praxishandbuch soll kommunalen Planerinnen und Planern sowie der interessierten Öffentlichkeit eine anwendungsfreundliche und niedrigschwellige Hilfestellung in der Evaluation von Radverkehrsprojekten liefern. Neben einer Anleitung zur Erstellung eines Evaluationskonzepts werden u.a. Erhebungsmethoden im Radverkehr vorgestellt und die Anwendung an Beispielen veranschaulicht. Das Praxishandbuch ist im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts RADeval an der Technischen Universität Dresden entstanden und wurde aus Mitteln zur Umsetzung des Nationalen Radverkehrsplans vom Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur gefördert.
Sachkundigenanhörung im sächsischen Landtag, Ausschuss für Schule und Bildung
Authors:   Technische Universität Dresden, Ritter Matthias
Published: January 2022

In der Sachkundigenanhörung im sächsischen Landtag, Ausschuss für Schule und Bildung, zum Thema: „Längeres gemeinsames Lernen in Sachsen“ wurde der Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Einführung der Gemeinschaftsschule im Freistaat Sachsen ausgehend von einem Volksantrag diskutiert. Dr. Matthias Ritter, beteiligt an der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung der Thüringer Gemeinschaftsschulen sowie an den sächsischen Schulversuchsschulen stellt fünf Gründe aus Sicht der Bildungsforschung dar, die für ein integratives Bildungssystem sprechen und bewertet die Gesetzesvorlage im Hinblick auf die sächsischen Schulen.
Längeres gemeinsames Lernen in Sachsen. Die Einführung der Gemeinschaftsschule und Oberschule+
Authors:   Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Erziehungswissenschaften, Ritter Matthias
Published: January 2022

Längeres gemeinsames Lernen wird als Möglichkeit und Herausforderung im vorwiegend gegliederten deutschen Schulwesen in der Bildungspolitik sowie Bildungsforschung diskutiert. In mittlerweile acht Bundesländern wurden seit 2005 neue Schulformen mit der Bezeichnung „Gemeinschaftsschule“ etabliert, in welchen die (frühe) Segregation von Schüler:innen in Bildungsgänge nach hinten verlagert wird und alle Schulabschlüsse angeboten werden. Der Artikel skizziert knapp die Entwicklung längeren gemeinsamen Lernens der letzten 15 Jahre in Sachsen und beschreibt ausgehend von den gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen die sächsische Konzeption der Gemeinschaftsschule sowie der Oberschule+, welche mit der Änderung des sächsischen Schulgesetzes 2020 ermöglicht wurde. Die abschließende Bewertung legt nahe, dass sich die Etablierung längeren gemeinsamen Lernens in Sachsen unter schwierigen Bedingungen vollzieht.