bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bariery ograniczające uczestnictwo członków koła naukowego „Brief” Politechniki Rzeszowskiej w sportach zimowych na terenie Polski
Authors:   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Nizioł Anna , Sołecki Gracjan ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: July 2023

One of the most interesting sports activities for young people are winter sports. Students often give up practising winter sports due to certain barriers. These include: distance to ski resorts and inadequate infrastructure. It turns out that for students of Scientific Circle "Brief", certain barriers do not allow them to participate in winter sports. The aim of the article is to determine if there are and what are the main barriers to participation of young people in winter sports in Poland and what could be the suggestions for improving the condition and offer of Polish winter resorts in the country. The group on which the research was conducted was members of the Students' Scientific Circle "Brief" of the Rzeszów University of Technology (40 students). 40 people. The method was the diagnostic survey and the technique – research questionnaire. Based on the results of the survey, a large part of respondents decided that the main barrier is the distance to the ski resorts and its inadequate infrastructure. The least number of respondents indicated the option "better offer abroad". This confirms the assumptions that one should first of all take care of creating new and expanding existing centres. With reference to the main goal of the study, it can be stated that there are barriers to participation in winter sports in Poland. Most of the barriers are related to the insufficient development of infrastructure, its lack or distance to the centres and weather conditions.
Analiza aktywności bioelektrycznej mięśni brzucha podczas ćwiczeń wg metody Pilates
Authors:   Wydział Fizjoterapii, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Jerzego Kukuczki w Katowicach, Marek Martyna , Stania Magdalena ,   Instytut Nauk o Sporcie, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Jerzego Kukuczki w Katowicach
Published: July 2023

The Pilates exercises might be used as a complementary therapy in physiotherapy practice for various dysfunctions. The aim of this study was to evaluate bioelectrical activity of the rectus abdominis (RA) and external oblique (EO) muscles with surface electromyography (sEMG) during Pilates exercises and their modifications. 13 students at the age range of 20-24 years participated in the experiment. The bioelectrical activity of RA and EO muscles was recorded during three exercises according to Pilates method (‘hundred’, ‘bridging’ and ‘standing balance’). Each exercise was performed in several experimental conditions: with no additional equipment, with a small ball and Pilates ring, on a stable and unstable surface. The average value of sEMG amplitude was normalized to the maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC).The average amplitude (%MVC) of EO and RA muscles was significantly the highest during ‘hundred’ exercise, both for stable and unstable condition, regardless the aspect of the use of additional equipment (p<0.001). U-Mann Whitney’s test revealed no significant differences in bioelectrical activity of both muscles during Pilates exercises for different experimental conditions. The use of additional equipment for Pilates exercises does not significantly affect the bioelectrical activity of the RA and EO muscles.
Ocena komponentów składu ciała niepełnosprawnych kolarzy ręcznych z wykorzystaniem metody pletyzmografii – badania pilotażowe
Authors:   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Dydek Justyna , Hulewicz Tomasz ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Paśko Wojciech ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Zieliński Janusz ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Wilk Rafał ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Dziadek Bartosz ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Przednowek Krzysztof ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: July 2023

People with mobility disabilities especially those after spinal cord injury experience significant changes in body composition. Limited physical activity among people with physical disabilities often leads to overweight or obesity. The practice of sport by these people can compensate for the lack of daily physical activity and thus prevent metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate body composition components in disabled hand cyclists using plethysmography. The study group consisted of nine disabled hand cyclists, competing in various disability categories and representing Poland internationally in road cycling. The research was carried out as part of the Academic Integrative Sport project carried out at the Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów and financed as part of the competition 'Social responsibility of science. Popularisation of science and promotion of sport’. Analysis of the collected data showed that all measured parameters are characterised by statistical significance, and individual subgroups (H2-3 and H4-5) differ from each other in terms of mean values of diagnosed parameters.
Budowa ciała i wytrzymałość uczniów klas sportowych
Authors:   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Pelic Paulina , Kopeć Dorota ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Przednowek Karolina ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: July 2023

The The composition and body structure have an impact on the effectiveness of sports training, and thus the escalation of the level of endurance. The level of endurance has a significant impact on the health prophylaxis of the circulatory and respiratory system. The main goal of this study is to assess the cardiopulmonary endurance among students of sports and non-sports classes. In addition, the aim of the research is to characterize the body composition of students based on anthropometric measurements (body weight and height, BMI), taking into account class affiliation. 48 students of the Secondary School Complex No. 2 in Stalowa Wola participated in the study. 24 students of sports classes and 24 students of non-sports classes aged 16-18 were examined. The average age of the respondents was 17 years. In order to assess the degree of endurance, the students underwent the Beep test. The average VO2max according to Ramsbottom among students of sports classes was 54.88 ml/kg/min, while among students of non-sports classes it was 43.13 ml/kg/min. Leptosomatic type of build in 75% of students of sports classes and 50% of students of non-sports classes. Students of sports classes are characterized by a higher level of cardiovascular endurance. When analyzing the VO2max results of sports and non-sports classes, the biggest difference is in the Ramsbottom measurement and it amounts to 11.75 ml/kg/min. Among students of sports classes, the athletic type of body build predominates, while among students of non-sports classes, half of the group is athletic.
Aktywność fizyczna osób starszych w czasach pandemii Covid-19
Authors:   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Grudniewicz Natalia , Karaś Karolina ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Herbert Jarosław ,   Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Kolegium Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: July 2023

Physical activity is one of the most important health factors that determine the delay and proper course of the aging process. Unfortunately, older people often do not realize the benefits of taking up physical activity and switch to a passive lifestyle. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of physical activity on the health and quality of life of the elderly and physical activities undertaken in everyday life. The study group consisted of 104 people aged 60+ living in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The research lasted a month from January to February 2021. They showed that as many as 90% of the respondents show a sufficient level of physical activity occurring in the range of 600 – 3000 MET – min/week. The most popular form of physical activity among seniors are walking (62%), cycling (31%). The conducted research has confirmed that immobility, especially in the lives of the elderly, is very dangerous and leads to a rapid aging process and many functional and mental disorders. It is necessary to introduce programs to activate seniors and open new facilities for seniors, which will support the oldest age group in going through old age with full life and well-being.
Soberanía energética, agricultura sostenible y cambio climático en Cuba: entre políticas públicas y proyectos de la sociedad civil desde 1959 hasta la etapa pandémica
Authors: Morejón Ramos Anisley
Published: July 2023

La búsqueda de soluciones frente al cambio ambiental global, resulta una preocupación del Estado y gobierno cubanos, desde los primeros años del proceso revolucionario; hecho que se evidencia en la proyección ambiental, mediante la concepción de políticas públicas encaminadas a revertir su deterioro y potenciar prácticas sostenibles desde lo ecológico, económico, social y cultural, aún en contextos difíciles como fue el conocido Período Especial y la actual pandemia generada por el Covid-19. Las apuestas del país, no solo se realizan desde un enfoque centralizado y vertical, que responden a escenarios nacionales e internacionales y coyunturas específicas, sino también, mediante procesos auto-gestionados desde la sociedad civil donde prima la horizontalidad y el diálogo multi-actoral en pos de alcanzar un sistema sobre las bases de justicia social y ambiental que articule múltiples instituciones y sujetos colectivos. La presente investigación desde una metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa, aborda los impactos concretos y la capacidad transformadora de las políticas públicas trazadas por el país, desde el triunfo revolucionario hasta el contexto de pandemia, en materia de soberanía energética, agricultura sostenible y cambio climático; análisis que se enriquece con la visibilidad de proyectos gestados desde la sociedad civil en pos de alcanzar la transformación ecosocial necesaria. Imbricación que arroja un panorama general de los avances y los retos de las políticas públicas en conjunto con los proyectos impulsados desde la sociedad civil en materia ambiental, y cuenta con la novedad de interrelacionar procesos encaminados a revertir condiciones ambientales enmarcadas dentro de disímiles contextos históricos, reflejando así el amplio bregar de cara al cambio ambiental global dentro del proceso revolucionario.
Lo comunitario: perspectiva de análisis en el control social de la criminalidad
Authors: Fabré Machado Idalsis , Riera Vázquez Celia M.
Published: July 2023

La complejidad estructural de las sociedades contemporáneas ha devenido en formas y mecanismos de control cada vez más sofisticados, pero que mantienen su esencia discriminatoria, estigmatizante y selectiva.   De esta forma se contraponen dos concepciones del control que se debaten entre el modelo reformista-opresor y el emancipador-transformador. En el caso de este último encuentra en la concepción de lo comunitario el referente para su praxis, desde criterios que privilegian el análisis crítico y ponen al sujeto en el centro del proceso en su condición emancipadora a partir de los elementos que aporta la experiencia cubana en sus límites y potencialidades para refundar una práctica social dignificadora.
El desarrollo occidental en comunidades indígenas del Vaupés colombiano: reflexiones desde la cotidianidad
Authors: Muñoz González Alix Vanessa , Perdomo Vargas Iván Ricardo
Published: July 2023

La avanzada incursión de colonos en territorios ancestrales indígenas ha traído consigo la inserción de dinámicas económicas globales, las cuales han repercutido en la organización cultural de dichos grupos étnicos. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo pretende explorar las prácticas cotidianas al interior de tres (3) comunidades en el municipio de Mitú (Vaupés, Colombia) a través de un diálogo de saberes. Como resultado, se evidencia una marcada influencia relacionada a la idea de progreso y desarrollo económico occidentales en las visiones de vida de los jóvenes indígenas, las cuales son fuertemente mediadas por los procesos educativos formales. Lo anterior lleva a repensar el alcance del paradigma occidental del desarrollo, así como la búsqueda de alternativas relacionadas con la integración de saberes.
El gobierno de los comunes como teoría general de la gestión forestal en comunidades indígenas
Authors: Pérez-Riaño Arredondo Tania Valentina , Fuente Carrasco Mario Enrique , Acevedo Martínez Jorge Antonio S.
Published: July 2023

Esta investigación tiene un objetivo de tipo epistemológico: analizar el potencial de la obra “El Gobierno de los Comunes” de Elinor Ostrom para la comprensión de casos específicos de apropiación forestal en comunidades rurales en los países del Sur. Parte de la premisa de que dicha obra asume una postura epistemológica de tipo hipotético-deductiva, con lo que pretende la formulación de principios universales desde los cuales se explique y prediga el comportamiento de la acción colectiva en bienes comunes en todos los casos particulares. La propuesta metodológica se basa en la investigación-acción fenomenológica transeccional, donde la comunidad San Juan Evangelista Analco, Oaxaca, México, funge como “laboratorio socio ecológico” empírico (particular). Los resultados destacan la habilidad del modelo del GC para considerar la propiedad colectiva del territorio como una alternativa al enfoque neoclásico en los procesos de apropiación territorial. Sin embargo, también se identificaron las limitantes de tipo históricas, interculturales e interdisciplinarias para la comprensión del caso de estudio. Finalmente, se realizan algunas consideraciones.
Los bienes comunes desde una pedagogía social: un horizonte posible para pensar lo comunitario
Authors: Urrego Estrada Gleidy Alexandra , Colorado Rendón Sandra Elizabeth , Betancur Hernández Luisa Fernanda
Published: July 2023

El presente escrito es reflexivo en torno a los bienes comunes más allá del binomio público-privado en el que están inscritos, que sugiere un dominio y el acceso, en los derechos, la propiedad, interés y utilidad pública, discusiones jurídicas económicas que calan en la discusión de reducirlos a meros recursos y objetos.  Los bienes comunes en Colombia desde 1991 se inscriben en la relación de lo comunitario y el marco institucional y jurídico que los reconoce como derechos, a partir de una dinámica históricamente situada. Esto implicó desafios y relaciones entre la propiedad privada y las luchas sobre lo territorial que son propias de los espacios comunitarios. Pero deben situarse desde posicionamientos o enfoques educativos frente a estos contextos. La metodología empleada fue cualitativa de nivel hermenéutico-jurídico y se realizaron discusiones conceptuales sobre categorías como: pedagogía social, bienes comunes y lo comunitario. Para ello, el procedimiento a seguir fue a partir de la búsqueda y revisión documental, a través de bases de datos, libros académicos y documentos institucionales. Dentro las principales conclusiones estuvieron en considerar que, los bienes comunes en Colombia se suscriben en la discusión entre lo legal y la esfera económica, pero, es longitudinal y necesaria la posibilidad de inscribir en lo social estos bienes como un asunto que en lo colectivo tiene sentido a través de la multiplicidad de usos que los constituyen en bienes sociales.  No obstante, los bienes comunes se sitúan desde enfoques educativos frente a los contextos en los que están inmersos, tales como relación dialógica sujeto-comunidad, construcción colaborativa del saber, participación-diálogo, producción y acceso al saber.
Maltrato institucional en Colombia. Aproximaciones a un tipo de violencia invisible contra niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Limas De Avila Stefany , Polo Arcón Tatiana
Published: July 2023

La violencia hacia los niños, niñas y adolescentes ha adoptado históricamente formas diversas y una de ellas, de las cual muy poco se habla, es la violencia institucional. Este articulo tiene por objetivo realizar una aproximación hacia una forma de maltrato inobservada pero presente, en la que el Estado, a través de sus instituciones o agentes en el ejercicio de funciones enmarcadas en normas, programas, procedimientos o actuaciones por acción u omisión, generan un abuso, negligencia o afectación de la seguridad y el bienestar físico y mental del niño, niña o adolescente. No es menos cierto que los maltratos más visibles ocurren en el seno de la familia y la sociedad. Sin embargo, al interior de las instituciones se avizora ese tipo de violencia que no cuenta con reconocimiento institucional y que, pese a los compromisos del Estado Colombiano hacia la infancia y la adolescencia, llega a coartar el real cumplimiento de sus derechos humanos. Se trata entonces de enfocar la atención hacia otro maltratante que no se ubica al interior de la familia o la sociedad, sino en las instituciones.
SOME TRIGONOMETRIC SIMILARITY MEASURES OF COMPLEX FUZZY SETS WITH APPLICATION
Authors: Ali Md. Yasin
Published: July 2023

Similarity measures of fuzzy sets are applied to compare the closeness among fuzzy sets. These measures have numerous applications in pattern recognition, image processing, texture synthesis, medical diagnosis, etc. However, in many cases of pattern recognition, digital image processing, signal processing, and so forth, the similarity measures of the fuzzy sets are not appropriate due to the presence of dual information of an object, such as amplitude term and phase term. In these cases, similarity measures of complex fuzzy sets are the most suitable for measuring proximity between objects with two-dimensional information. In the present paper, we propose some trigonometric similarity measures of the complex fuzzy sets involving similarity measures based on the sine, tangent, cosine, and cotangent functions. Furthermore, in many situations in real life, the weight of an attribute plays an important role in making the right decisions using similarity measures. So in this paper, we also consider the weighted trigonometric similarity measures of the complex fuzzy sets, namely, the weighted similarity measures based on the sine, tangent, cosine, and cotangent functions. Some properties of the similarity measures and the weighted similarity measures are discussed. We also apply our proposed methods to the pattern recognition problem and compare them with existing methods to show the validity and effectiveness of our proposed methods.
AROUND THE ERDÖS–GALLAI CRITERION
Authors: Baransky Vitaly A. , Senchonok Tatiana A.
Published: July 2023

By an (integer) partition we mean a non-increasing sequence \(\lambda=(\lambda_1, \lambda_2, \dots)\) of non-negative integers that contains a finite number of non-zero components. A partition \(\lambda\) is said to be graphic if there exists a graph \(G\) such that \(\lambda = \mathrm{dpt}\,G\), where we denote by  \(\mathrm{dpt}\,G\) the degree partition of \(G\) composed of the degrees of its vertices, taken in non-increasing order and added with zeros. In this paper, we propose to consider another criterion for a partition to be graphic, the ht-criterion, which, in essence, is a convenient and natural reformulation of the well-known Erdös–Gallai criterion for a sequence to be graphical. The ht-criterion fits well into the general study of lattices of integer partitions and is convenient for applications. The paper shows the equivalence of the Gale–Ryser criterion on the realizability of a pair of partitions by bipartite graphs, the ht-criterion and the Erdös–Gallai criterion. New proofs of the Gale–Ryser criterion and the Erdös–Gallai criterion are given. It is also proved that for any graphical partition there exists a realization that is obtained from some splitable graph in a natural way. A number of information of an overview nature is also given on the results previously obtained by the authors which are close in subject matter to those considered in this paper.
INEQUALITIES FOR A CLASS OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS WHOSE ZEROS ARE WITHIN OR OUTSIDE A GIVEN DISK
Authors: Mir Mohd Yousf , Wali Shah Lubna , Shah Wali Mohammad
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we consider a class of meromorphic functions \(r(z)\) having an \(s\)-fold zero at the origin and establish some inequalities of Bernstein and Turán type for the modulus of the derivative of rational functions  in the sup-norm on the disk in the complex plane. These results produce some sharper inequalities while taking into account the placement of zeros of the underlying rational function. Moreover, many inequalities for polynomials and polar derivatives follow as special cases. In particular, our results generalize as well as refine a result due Dewan et al. [6].
From the appropriation of public lands to the dynamics of deforestation: the formation of the land market in the Amazon (1970-2017)
Authors: Costa Francisco de Assis
Published: July 2023

Abstract Based on a periodization that considers the prevailing institutional framework for the rural area of the Amazon (1970-1985, the military dictatorship; 1985-2006, redemocratization; and 2006-2017, emphasis on the environment), with data from the Agricultural Censuses, this article presents the dimensions and structural compositions of the land stocks appropriated by rural establishments, in order to discuss the features of the agents that demarcate the land issue and the land market in the region. By emphasizing the production of unforested lands as being the very reason for the land market, with the deforestation process as its foundation, the article highlights the countercyclical manner in which this market has reacted in relation to the economy of agricultural products, having, until 2005, formed high stocks of deforested land, and liquidating them with speculative gains over the following years. Lastly, it demonstrates the impact of this process on the inequality of the structure of land ownership across the region and Brazil.
Identifying patients at risk of prolonged hospital length of stay after total knee arthroplasty: a real-world study on the creation and validation of a cloud estimator
Authors: Chen Song , Qiang Minfei , Li Kunpeng , Wang Xiong , Xie Jun , Wang Wei
Published: July 2023

Accurate prediction of the length of stay for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is critical for efficient medical resource allocation. This study aimed to create a user-friendly model to assist this estimation process. A secondary analysis was conducted on 2676 patients who underwent elective primary TKA at a tertiary academic medical center in Singapore from January 2013 to June 2014. The eligible patients (n = 2600) were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 2081) and a validation cohort (n = 519), at a ratio of 4:1. A prolonged hospital stay was defined as exceeding six days. Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop a prediction model, and an online calculator was created to facilitate its application. The model's discrimination power, goodness-of-fit, and clinical applicability were evaluated. Additionally, models using other statistical methods were developed for performance comparison. The model includes predictors such as age, operation duration, history of cerebrovascular accidents, creatinine levels, procedure site, the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical status, hemoglobin levels, and primary anesthesia type. The model demonstrated robust discrimination power with a C statistic of 0.70 (95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.75), satisfactory goodness-of-fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow test, P=0.286), and was applicable when thresholds were between 0.08 and 0.52, based on decision curve analysis. A predictive model was developed that can be used to identify patients who are likely to require an extended stay following TKA. This could assist in planning bed availability and guiding therapeutic decisions.
Social Sustainability and Alexander’s Living Structure Through a New Kind of City Science
Authors: Levin Tarina , Sjöberg Stefan , Jiang Bin , Barthel Stephan
Published: July 2023

The disputed endorsement of inherited visceral and universal aesthetic preferences justifies the scientific validity of Alexander’s living structure. Apart from implying a resource-efficient way to promote well-being through urban design, the premise favors a collective approach to human self-perception and social justice. To better understand the contributions of Alexander, this article explores current knowledge about visceral and universal aesthetic preferences for living structure and if and how the new kind of city science, a mathematical model describing living structure, can be used for further testing. It also elaborates on the social impact of living structure, including its premise, and the potential of the new kind of city science to support social sustainability. A literature synthesis on living structure, the new kind of city science, and the premise showed a positive link between well-being and exposure to living structure. Limitations in research design nevertheless precluded conclusions about the associated visceral and universal aesthetic preferences. The new kind of city science was found appropriate for further research by holistically representing living structure. Moreover, like the hypothesized biological origin, social learning and sociocultural transmission were found to theoretically support the premise of universality and a collective approach to human identity and social justice, with further societal implications. For the concept of living structure to support social sustainability, it must be coupled with the promotion of empowerment and community mobilization. Hence, the operationalization of the new kind of city science should align with Alexander’s call for bottom-up approaches.
Negotiating Difference on Public Transport: How Practices and Experiences of Deviance Shape Public Space
Authors: Sträuli Louise
Published: July 2023

Given the diversity of passengers, public transport has hitherto been described as a public space of encounters, conviviality, or conflict. However, other dimensions of publicness, such as codes of conduct, deviance, visibility, or resistance, have received less attention. Based on qualitative interviews with transport users whose physical or financial abilities, or mobility needs differ from default passengers, this article outlines daily experiences and practices of negotiating differences through situational and societal deviance. In particular, I examine the daily struggles of passengers travelling in Brussels during the Covid-19 pandemic or without a valid ticket, along with people who rely on public transport in Tallinn due to care responsibilities. By describing quotidian practices and experiences of deviance, I argue that understanding publicness as a process of ongoing negotiation and appropriation promotes more equitable and inclusive planning practices.
Motion simulation and calculation of the components of the lateral forces of the guiding wheels of a cotton-harvesting machine
Authors: Azimov Bakhtiyor M. , Ikhsanova Shahodat Z.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: One of the relevant issues to study is the motion of a cotton-harvesting machine (CHM) at the turning lanes of the cotton field along curvilinear path. At the same time, the CHMs wheels rolling occurs with lateral slip of tires, so the machine may have unacceptable, according to the conditions for raw cotton harvesting, deviations in the lateral direction of the motion path when turning to enter the beds of the cotton field, and the traction performance of the CHMs steered wheels declines significantly.
AIMS: Building mathematical models and carrying out kinematic simulations to determine the motion parameters and the values of lateral forces, the side slip resistance coefficients of tires of the CHMs guide wheels necessary to achieve the required performance and to maintain the specified accuracy of the path motion along the headland of the cotton field with acceptable traction indicators.
METHODS: Dynamic processes are hugely complicated and difficult to analyze in full. The developed models are based on the balance equations and the wheels motion is not considered separately, taking into account tire deflections.
RESULTS: The kinematic scheme of turning of the MKh-1.8 CHM with front driving and rear steered wheels was considered. It was assumed that the MKh-1.8 CHM moves at a low constant velocity, so the centrifugal force can be neglected. In addition, lateral slip is the very parameter that reflects the impact of external force factors that go with the curvilinear motion on the machine.
CONCLUSIONS: Analyzing the obtained results, the following can be noted: during the curvilinear motion of the CHM, the main parameters that determine the turning of the machine are the CHM wheelbase, the average steering angle of the steered wheels and the slip angles of the rear axle. Moreover, it should be noted that the slip angles of the front and rear axles of the CHM, their values and change have a significant impact on the machine turning kinematics. The presence of lateral slip is the main reason of significant deviations from the given path of the CHM motion at a headland of a cotton field.
Features of furrow formation with rotary and arrow-headed working bodies
Authors: Benyukh Oleg A. , Kravchenko Ruslan I.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Soil-cultivating machinery and tools equipped with rotary working bodies are effectively used at operations of surface tillage. However, the subject of furrow formation with rotary working bodies is unaddressed to the full extent that makes it a relevant issue for the study.
AIMS: Revealing the patterns of furrow formation with rotary working bodies equipped with the cutting blades made along the elliptical line at the angle to the working body rotation plane.
METHODS: The grapho-analytical method is presented in the article and used for defining the parameters of a furrow formed with the following types of rotary working bodies: a spherical disk with a closed surface, an annular working body and a rotary working body with the cutting blades made along the elliptical line and set up at the acute angle to the rotation axis. The experiments were carried out in controlled laboratory conditions with a physical model of the rotary working body with the cutting blades made along the elliptical line in a soil channel filled with dampened sand. During the experiments, the attack angle was 20-40 with a step of 10 and the kinematic coefficient, which is the ratio of circumferential velocity to transverse velocity, had the following values: 1, 1.4, 1.8 and 2.2.
RESULTS: The cutting blades made along the elliptical line form short furrows with the ellipse-shaped cross-section and with the angle of inclination from the movement direction of 20-40 depending on the attack angle and the kinematic coefficient. Meanwhile, the furrows formed with the working body have the form of a parallelogram at the top view.
CONCLUSIONS: The practical value of the study lies in revealing the features of furrow formation with rotary working bodies equipped with the cutting blades made along the elliptical line aimed to making a flat bottom of a furrow necessary for grain planting.
The method of development of the electronic control system for curvilinear motion of a high-speed tracked vehicle with dual-flow transmission
Authors: Buzunov Nikolai V. , Ivanenkov Vyacheslav V. , Pirozhkov Roman D. , Kositsyn Boris B. , Kotiev Georgy O.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Handling and safety requirements to high-speed tracked vehicles (HSTV) rise in tandem with the growth of average motion velocities. The issue of ensuring continuously variable turn radius at curvilinear motion is relevant for HSTVs. Current layouts of steering mechanisms are able to meet this requirement, however they have certain disadvantages and are not compatible with electronic systems improving motion safety and lowering demands to mechanic-drivers’ skills.
AIMS: The synthesis of control laws for dual-flow transmission with a hydrostatic steering mechanism (HSSM) controlled by an electromechanical actuator which exclude “hard” links between steering handwheel and working volume adjustment mechanism of the HSSM.
METHODS: The study methods are based on using numerical simulation and ensuring real-time operation of the developed models. In addition, the study methods include synthesis of control algorithms for vehicle’s mechanical systems, used in on-board controllers, with adequacy assessment at virtual and laboratory experiments.
RESULTS: The method of development of control systems (CS) making possible to develop and to debug CSs without a HSTV prototype has been put into force. With using the described method, the total time of CS development and debugging reduces. Workability of the method is proved with the example of development of the CS for curvilinear motion of the HSTV with dual-flow transmission.
CONCLUSIONS: The study aim has been achieved, the accomplished work shows validity of the given methof of CS development.
COVID-19: аn Update on the Modern Etiotropic Therapy Methods for the New Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Sinitsyn Evgeny  A. , Smolyakova Ekaterina V. , Kamyshanov Stanislav S. , Zykov Kirill A.
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-virus, has a significant impact not only on the peoples lifestyle and health, but on the global economy, as well. According to the epidemiological data, the highest level of the sickness rate in Russian Federation was in January-February of 2022, while the death rate was 1.9%. The numerous studies on the COVID-19 pathogenesis allowed improving the approaches to the development of efficient clinical strategies. However, a number of important issues regarding the clinical applications of new and repurposed drugs on the market still remain unresolved. It is a well-known fact that the most effective way of preventing the immune system from developing the hyperactive reaction known as a cytokine storm is prescribing the etiotropic therapy as fast as possible. Etiotropic drugs are divided into three large groups: those preventing the virus from penetrating the cell, those affecting the replication-transcriptional complex and the last but not the least group is the drugs with the direct or indirect cytotoxic effect. This review introduces some important data regarding the etiotropic treatment methods for the new coronavirus disease.
Management of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adults: A review of national and regional guidelines and their adherence to World Health Organization guidelines
Authors: Tokmalaev Anatoly K. , Chentsov Vladimir B. , Emerole Karl Ch. , Kozhevnikova Galina M. , Baranova Alla M. , Vdovina Elena T.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparum is the most prevalent and pathogenic malaria parasite associated with severe illness and death. In nonendemic countries like the Russian Federation, P. falciparum malaria is a relatively rare but potentially fatal disease found in travelers returning from countries with high malaria burden.
AIMS: This review aimed to analyze the recommendations for managing severe P. falciparum malaria in different World Health Organization (WHO) malaria-endemic regions and considered their adherence to WHO guidelines.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Countries with the highest number of indigenous P. falciparum malaria cases from four WHO regions were identified, and malaria treatment guidelines were searched using databases.
RESULTS: Intravenous administration of artesunate is the mainstay of treatment for severe P. falciparum malaria. Most guidelines lack a mechanism for referring patients with severe malaria, between different levels of health facilities, and lack specific criteria for intensive care unit admission.
CONCLUSIONS: Mefloquine, artemisinin, combination products containing mefloquine, should be used with caution in cerebral malaria because of neuropsychiatric and cognitive complications. Understanding how guidelines and recommendations for the clinical management of malaria are adopted in different epidemiological settings will help contextualize the value and validity of recommendations for the treatment of severe malaria.
Effect of thrombocytosis on cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mazurov Vadim I. , Melnikov Evgenii S. , Morozova Kira P.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have a high level of comorbidity, and their most common and socially significant conditions are cardiovascular diseases, which represent a major cause of mortality. Currently, there are no data on the differences in cardiovascular risk scales in patients with rheumatoid arthritis depending on the presence or absence of thrombocytosis.
AIM: To assess and compare cardiovascular risk according to conventional scales in patients with thrombocytosis and normal thrombocytes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 85 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis: 40 with thrombocytosis [including 25 (62,5%) women] and 45 with normal thrombocytes [including 29 (64,4%) women]. The following scales were used to assess risk of cardiovascular complications: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation with adjustment factor 1.5 (mSCORE), Reynolds Risk Score (RRS), QRESEARCH Cardiovascular Risk Algorithm (QRISK3), Assessing Cardiovascular Risk to Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network / SIGN to Assign Preventative Treatment (ASSIGN).
RESULTS: The obtained findings have demontrated that according to the mSCORE and RRS scales the patients of both groups had almost identical parameters; however, according to the ASSIGN and QRISK3 high risk of cardiovascular complications has been detected nearly twice as frequently in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and thrombocytosis in comparison with those with normal level of thrombocytes. It is also worth noting that more frequent determination of high risk of cardiovascular complications by the QRISK3 was statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: The QRISK3 calculation has shown significantly higher prevalence of high-risk cardiovascular complications among the patients with platelet counts 450 ∙ 109/l compared with those with platelet levels within the reference values. Thus, the QRISK3 scale can be considered as more informative for estimating risk of cardiovascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis.
Clinical and genetic aspects of glaucoma associated with congenital aniridia
Authors: Sukhanova Natella V. , Katargina Lyudmila A. , Panova Anna Yu. , Zinchenko Rena A.
Published: July 2023

Congenital aniridia is a hereditary congenital malformation of the visual organ with an autosomal dominant type of inheritance. The prognosis for vision largely depends on the development and progression of multiple complications (glaucoma, keratopathy, and aniridia fibrotic syndrome) at different ages.
AIM: To identify the most significant risk factors for glaucoma development and a poor prognosis associated with congenital aniridia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-three children (146 eyes) with PAX6-associated aniridia aged 016 yr were examined, with 41 males (56.2%) and 32 females (43.8%). The follow-up period of patients ranged from 2 to 6 yr. Thirty-five (47.9%) patients had complete aniridia, and 38 (52.1%) patients had partial aniridia. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological and molecular genetic examination.
RESULTS: Glaucoma developed in 28.8% of children. Anomalies in the anterior chamber angle (ACA) structure were detected in most patients with congenital aniridia, both with and without glaucoma. However, the relationship between the ACA and the timing of the manifestation of glaucoma was revealed. Furthermore, according to our study, the presence of glaucoma increases the risk of keratopathy progression.
CONCLUSION: In a molecular genetic study, the presence of deletions in the 3'-cis-regulatory region of the PAX6 gene was a predictor of glaucoma development.
Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of dry eye syndrome in children
Authors: Kovaleva Ludmila A. , Kuznetsova Tatjana V. , Baisangurova Albina A. , Zaitseva Alina A.
Published: July 2023

AIM: To investigate the etiopathogenesis and clinical features of dry eye syndrome in children, methods for diagnosing the disease, and the treatment algorithm.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred eighty-seven children with dry eye syndrome aged 3 to 17 yr were examined. To diagnose dry eye syndrome in children, the following research methods were used: biomicroscopy of the anterior part of the eye under diffuse illumination and with a cobalt filter after instillation of vital dyes; examination of the height of the lacrimal meniscus; identification of a characteristic discharge in the conjunctival sac, xerosis of the ocular surface; and evaluation of tear production (Schirmer I test) and stability of the tear film.
RESULTS: We found that the links in the pathogenesis of dry eye syndrome in children were as follows: diseases of the ocular surface and appendage of the eye, contact correction of ametropia, and surgical operations on the conjunctiva and oculomotor muscles; otogenic neuritis of the facial nerve; rheumatoid arthritis; endocrine ophthalmopathy; lagophthalmos; and thermal and chemical burns. It is now always possible to evaluate tear production and tear film stability in preschool and primary school-aged children. In this case, the main diagnostic method is biomicroscopy. We identified objective clinical symptoms of dry eye syndrome in children using biomicroscopy. Dry eye syndrome was classified into four degrees of severity: mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe. The subjective and objective clinical signs of each disease severity are described.
An individual approach and personalized therapy are required to treat dry eye syndrome in children, focusing on the individual tolerability and effectiveness of the drug. Maximum medical alertness and early and accurate clinical differential diagnosis between dry eye syndrome and infectious inflammatory pathology of the anterior part of the eye are required.
CONCLUSION: The features of the etiopathogenesis of dry eye syndrome in children with various nosologies are examined, and the characteristic clinical symptoms and severity of dry eye syndrome, diagnostic methods, and algorithm for treating dry eye syndrome in children are described. The clinical and diagnostic features of dry eye syndrome in children described by us contribute to its early diagnosis, allowing for the initiation of personalized tear replacement and reparative therapy on time, preventing the development of a chronic course of the disease, the occurrence of complications, and the preservation and/or restoration of visual acuity.
Nonstandard cases of blepharoptosis in patients with subcutaneous dirofilariasis, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, and blepharochalyasis of allergic origin (clinical observations)
Authors: Filatova Irina A. , Kondratieva Julia P. , Shemetov Sergey A. , Trefilova Marina S.
Published: July 2023

The medico-social significance of upper eyelid omission is associated, on the one hand, with a relatively high frequency of occurrence (up to 32% among ophthalmic patients) and, on the other hand, with a significant decrease in the quality of life of patients with blepharoptosis due to the appearance of various consequencesa deficit of the field of vision from above, functional blindness, contracture of the neck muscles, and a reduction in the psycho-emotional background of appearance changes.
Ptosis of the upper eyelid can develop from a variety of rare and even casuistic causes, including slowly progressing external ophthalmoplegia, blepharochalasis of allergic origin, and extremely rare as one of the manifestations/consequences of subcutaneous dirofilariasis. Because these diseases are rare (less than 10 cases per 100,000 population), even descriptions of individual clinical cases are important for detailing and generalizing knowledge about etiopathogenesis, the possibilities of clinical diagnostic measures, and the effectiveness of treatment for the pathologies under consideration.
AIM: Using clinical cases of blepharoptosis in patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, subcutaneous dirofilariasis, and blepharochalasis of allergic origin to show the relationship between etiopathogenesis, upper eyelid lifting dynamometric muscle parameters, and surgical treatment methods.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study presents three clinical cases with different causes of the development of upper eyelid ptosis, which were performed in addition to the standard ophthalmological examination, diagnosis of the underlying disease, and dynamometric measurements of contractility and fatigue of the upper eyelid lifting muscle, followed surgical treatment methods.
CONCLUSION: Data were used in determining the contractility and fatigue of the muscle that raises the upper eyelid while deciding on a surgical treatment method for blepharoptosis. Considering the causes for the development of blepharoptosis, it is possible to obtain good results from operative correction of the upper eyelid omission, which improves their quality of life.
Investigation of Novel Therapeutic Targets in RAC1-mutant Melanoma
Authors:   , Cannon Alexa Christine , Chernoff Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Recent exome studies of cutaneous melanoma have identified RAC1P29S as the third most prevalent hotspot mutation in sun-exposed melanoma. RAC1 alterations in cancer are correlated with poor prognosis, resistance to standard chemotherapy, and insensitivity to targeted inhibitors. Although RAC1P29S mutations in melanoma and RAC1 alterations in several other cancers are becoming increasingly evident, the RAC1-driven biological mechanisms contributing to tumorigenesis remain unclear. Lack of rigorous signaling analysis has prevented identification of alternative therapeutic targets for RAC1P29S-harboring melanomas. To investigate the RAC1P29S-driven effect on downstream molecular signaling pathways, we generated an inducible RAC1P29S expression melanocytic cell line and performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) coupled with multiplexed kinase inhibitor beads and mass spectrometry (MIBs/MS) to establish enriched pathways from the genomic to proteomic level. Our proteogenomic analysis led to the identification of a unique sensitivity to pharmacologic inhibition or genetic knockout of CDK9 in RAC1P29S-expressing melanocytes and melanoma cells. Additionally, CDK9 inhibition primed melanoma cells for immunotherapy by increased surface expression of PD-L1 and MHC Class I in cells expressing the RAC1P29S mutation. Furthermore, combination of CDK9 inhibition with anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo only in melanomas that expressed the RAC1P29S mutation. Collectively, these results establish CDK9 as a novel target in RAC1-driven melanoma that can further sensitize the tumor to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.