bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Multilayer ZnO/TiO2/ZnO Thin Films with Enhancement of Optical Properties by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)
Authors: Hussin Rosniza , Choy Kwang Leong , Hou Xiang Hui
Published: December 2013

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a precision growth technique that is able to deposit either amorphous or epitaxial layer on a wide range of substrates. Multilayer thin films have been widely studied because their properties are different from those of bulk materials constituents owing to the two-dimensional films and high density of interfaces. Multilayer nanostructured thin films were fabricated on silicon and glass substrates by ALD. The optical and electrical of multilayer ZnO/TiO2/ZnO films were investigated. The microstructure compositions and surface morphology of these multilayer films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic force microscope (AFM) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The optical properties were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. XRD patterns confirmed that ZnO with wutrtize crystal structure and TiO2 with anatase structure were presented. The degree of crystallinity of multilayer thin films has been improved through the deposition of ZnO. The intensity of UV luminescence of the multilayer has increased as compared to the single layer TiO2 and bilayer ZnO/TiO2. The multilayer ZnO/TiO2/ZnO has high transmittance (above 80%) in visible region. All the result suggested that the use of multilayer thin films effectively enhanced the quality of films crystallinity and optical properties as compared to single layer ZnO and bilayer ZnO/TiO2.
Growth of Bamboo-Shaped Carbon Nanostructures on Carbon Fibre by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Mohamed Hatta Mohamed Nasrul , Xu Fang , Xia Yong De , Zhu Yan Qiu
Published: December 2013

Bamboo-shaped Carbon Nanostructures (BSCNs) and carbon nanofilaments (CNFs) have been successfully grown on carbon fibre coated with iron catalyst by chemical vapour deposition of ethene (C2H4). The reaction was carried out at 800°C with varied hydrogen and ethene ratios of 20/80, 50/50 and 80/20. TEM analysis showed the bamboo-shaped carbon nanostructures were best grown at 50/50 of hydrogen and ethene ratio, whilst disorder carbon nanofibres were grown when the ratio increased to 80/20, and less or no carbon nanofibres were observed at hydrogen and ethane ratio of 20/80 due to inactive of catalyst particle. The outer diameter of BSCNs consisting of hollow compartment was in the range of 40 ~ 48 nm and encapsulated catalyst particle were not observed at the tip or in the middle, indicating a bottom-growth. The formation of compartment was dependent on diffusion of carbon atom in the catalyst and the possible growth mechanism is explained.
Recycled PP/HDPE Blends: A Thermal Degradation and Mechanical Properties Study
Authors: Noor Hasanah T.I.T. , Wijeyesekera Devapriya Chitral , Lim A.J.M.S. , Ismail B.
Published: December 2013

Plastic waste is a current major environmental concerns leading to long-term hazards. Recycling concept is the best practice to minimise the amount of plastic waste in the environment. This initiative promotes development of sustainable technology. Recently, plastics are gaining more recognition in construction field and are being applied widely due to its improved performance, versatility, durability and lightweight. In this study, the use of recycled polypropylene (rPP) and recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) as an alternative material for construction are investigated. The thermal degradation and mechanical properties were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile testing method respectively. TGA analysis conducted on recycled and virgin PP and HDPE showed that they have a stable composition. Moreover, TGA was also done to compare recycled and virgin material to assess the degradation process with respect to the total weight loss of samples. The results obtained indicate that the composition of rPP gives higher tensile strength. 100% rPP/rHDPE blend gave the best performance in mechanical properties and have a lower degradation temperature which are requirements for the sintering process necessary in this research study, to produce new lightweight product.
The Strength of Fly Ash-Bottom Ash (FA-BA) Mixtures as Backfill Material in Ground Improvement Works
Authors: Awang Abd Rahim bin Hj. , Mansor Wan Hilmi bin Wan , Bin Mohamad Ahmad Yusri
Published: December 2013

In Malaysia, coal has been used as a raw material to generate electricity since 1988. In the past, most of the wastage of coal burning especially the bottom ash was not managed properly as it was dumped in the waste pond and accumulated drastically. This research has been conducted to explore the physical characteristic and geotechnical properties of fly ash-bottom ash (FA-BA) mixtures that consist of 30% FA, 50% FA, 70% FA and 90% FA by weight. The physical characteristics, that include the specific gravity, particle size distribution and compaction, were tested for each mixture without any curing. However, the geotechnical properties of the mixtures that include the permeability and shear strength had been studied at various curing periods (0, 14 and 28 days) to review the effect of time on the geotechnical properties of the mixtures. The results show that mixtures with higher FA composition have lower value of specific gravity, well-graded, and need less moisture to be compacted efficiently compared to those mixtures with lower FA composition. The results also show that mixtures with higher FA composition have less drainage characteristics but can be improved by prolonging the curing period. The maximum shear strength was obtained at mixture with 50%FA and the value increased with curing periods. The friction angle obtained ranged from 270 to 370. It is also found that the mixtures with lower FA composition are more compressible compared to the mixtures with higher FA composition. The results obtained could be used by others to determine the suitability of different FA-BA mixtures for various usage in Geotechnical Engineering work such as for soil improvement work in weak soils or as backfill materials in embankment construction.
A Review of Polypropylene Nanoclay Nanocomposites: Preparation, Properties and Applications
Authors: Othman Mohd Hilmi , Sulaiman Hasan , bin Wahab Md. Saidin
Published: December 2013

This paper presents a review on the preparation, processing, properties and the recent applications of polypropylene-nanoclay nanocomposites. The material has attracted many researchers to explore more about the processing techniques, optimizations, and mainly the potential applications reflecting the advantages of these promising materials. The review consists of preparation of nanocomposites master batch, properties such as mechanical and thermal properties the effects of compatibilizers and clay content, as well as the recent application of these composites. The findings of this review might lead to more curiosity and investigating regarding to the above matters.
The Influence of Metallic Addition on Fluidity of Aluminum (LM6) Alloy
Authors: Ahmad Roslee , Sadeghi R. , Asmael M.B.A. , Mohamad H. , Harun Zawati , Sulaiman Hasan
Published: December 2013

The effect of Cr addition on the fluidity of aluminum (LM6) alloy has been investigated by spiral fluidity test. Presence of 0.1 wt.% Cr decreased fluidity of melt due to formation of sludge. In fact Cr changes the morphology of the intermetallic phase from β-intermetallics less harmful polyhedral morphology (α-intermetallics). The β-phases have largest surface to volume ratio, hence they have the largest interfacial region with the melt and are the most detrimental intermetallic to drop off the fluidity. In Cr-containing alloys the effect of α-phase is less detrimental than β-phase to the fluidity. On the other hand sludge formation and consuming Si and shifts the local chemical composition of the melt to the aluminum side of the phase diagram which has lower fluidity than eutectic and hypereutectic compositions.
Dimensional Accuracy Evaluation of Rapid Prototyping Fused Deposition Modeling Process of FDM200mc Machine on Basic Engineering Profiles
Authors: Latiff Zulkarnain Abdul , Rahman M.R.A. , Saad F.
Published: December 2013

The purpose of this research is to study the accuracy of RP FDM Process. This research involves varying two parameters in building up the prototype which is the buildup angle and the sparse for each layer (volume of parts). The varying parameters were used in the FDM process for three types of specimen (profiles) which is the Cube, Cylinder and Pyramid. The varying parameters are the build up angle of 300, 650 and 900 and for the types of sparse, there are three types of sparse used which is Low Density (LD), High Density (HD) and Solid Type. The results of the dimensional accuracy are analyzed by calculating the percentage of difference of the dimensional measurement for the specimen and the actual dimension of it. The lesser difference, the better the dimensional accuracy. The conclusion of this study is the less complicated specimen shape for the FDM process, the more accurate of the dimensional accuracy with the optimum build up angle of 300 or less and the optimum type of sparse of Low Density Type (LD).
Tool Wear in Machining AlSi/AlN Metal Matrix Composite 10 Wt% Reinforcement Using Uncoated Cutting Tool
Authors: Said M.S. , Yusoff M.S. , Che Hassan C.H. , Selamat Mohd Asri , Shukur J.A. , Ghani J.A.
Published: December 2013

Aluminum silicon (Al/Si) alloy, a metal matrix composite (MMC), is widely used in various industrial sectors, such as transportation, domestic equipment, aerospace, military, and construction. Al/Si alloy is a matrix composite reinforced with aluminum nitride (AlN) particle and transformed into a new-generation material for automotive and aerospace applications. AlN material is an advanced material characterized by light weight, high strength, and high hardness and stiffness, which makes it suitable for various future applications. However, its high ceramic particle reinforcement and the irregular nature of these particles along the matrix material make it a low density material. This low density is the main cause of problems during machining of this material. This paper studies tool wear in milling AlSi/AlN metal matrix composite by using an uncoated carbide cutting tool. The volume of AlN reinforced particle was 10%. The milling process was carried out under dry cutting conditions. The uncoated carbide insert parameters used were the following: cutting speed of 230 m/min to 370 m/min, feed rate of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mm/tooth, and a corresponding depth of cut (DOC) of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mm, respectively. Sometech SV-35 video microscope system was used for tool wear measurements. Results revealed that tool wear increases at 230 m/min cutting speed, 0.4 mm/tooth feed rate, and 0.3 mm depth of cut. The medium cutting speed, specifically the 300 m/min cutting speed, 0.4 mm/tooth feed rate, and 0.5 mm DOC, is the optimum condition for a longer tool life (82.94 min) and is ideal for cutting AlSi/AlN MMCs.
Thermal Properties of Recycled Polyethylene/Chitosan Composites: The Effect of Eco-Degradant PD 04
Authors: Azieyanti A.N. , Salmah Husseinsyah
Published: December 2013

The effect of eco-degradant PD 04 as additive on the thermal properties of recycled polyethylene (RPE)/chitosan biopolymer was investigated. The different scanning calorimetric (DSC) was used to investigate the thermal properties of composites at various 0, 20 and 40 php. The DSC result shows the presence of eco-degradant reduces the melting temperature processing and increase crystallinity of the composites.
Quenching Heat Treatment Effects on the Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of AISI 304 Type Welded by GMAW Process Using Different Shielding Gases
Authors: Deraman Rasdi , Berhan M.N.
Published: December 2013

As-received samples of an austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 type was welded by Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) robotic operation process using ER308L-Si filler metal wire. Two different atmospheres were used: 68% Argon plus 32% CO2, and 100% Argon. The aim of this study is investigates the influence of quenching heat treatment on the mechanical and microstructure properties of AISI 304 type which welded by GMAW under different shielding gas compositions. The fractured surfaces of the tensile test specimens examined using scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M). The results showed that the welding using shielding gas of 68% Argon plus 32% CO2 stronger than 100% Argon. After performed quenching heat treatment process, both specimens experienced a slight decreased in hardness.
The Effect of Sintering Temperature and Composition for Density and Porosity of SS316L Foam
Authors: Mad Rosip Noor Idayu , Ahmad Sufizar , Arpawi Nor Liza , Jamaluddin Khairur Rijal , Mat Noor Fazimah
Published: December 2013

Metal foams are well-known as engineered materials with unique combination of physical and mechanical properties, yielding an attractive material for use in the aerospace industry, automotive and medical industry. In this study the method that been used to produce SS316L foam is slurry method. Slurry of stainless steel is prepared by mixing binder material such as methyl cellulose (CMC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and distilled water by using ball milling machine. Then, the sample is sintered at different temperatures which are 1300°C, 1350°C and 1400°C. The value of porosity and density of SS316L foam are collected utilizing Archimedes method. As the result, the porosity percentage found in the range of 4.77 % to 59.80% meanwhile density value ranging from 0.402g/cm3 to 0.952g/cm3. The highest value of porosity is 59.80% at 1300°C for 40wt% SS316L, while, the highest value of density is 0.952g/cm3 at 1350°C for 60wt% SS316L. These results was followed the theory of porosity and density which are the value of porosity is inversely proportional to the density.
Synthesis of Y2O3 Nanoparticles by Modified Transient Morphology Method
Authors: Amirabadizadeh A. , Momeni Larimi Zobedeh
Published: December 2013

Yttrium oxide nanopowder has been successfully synthesized by a modified transient morphology. In the first step, a foamy structure was produced by combustion synthesis using yttrium nitrate and glycine. This was followed by the addition of sulfate ions and calcination at 1100 °C for 4 h. The sulfated powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD pattern shows Y2O3 single phase after calcination. The TEM images confirm the nanometric size of the particles in the range of 40-100nm.
Mechanical Milling of Tronoh Silica Sand Nanoparticles Using Low Speed Ball Milling Process
Authors: Rizlan Zulkhairi , Mamat Othman
Published: December 2013

Silica sand nanoparticles are widely used as filler, coating and reinforcer to increase materials strength and durability. The objective of the research is to design a new technique of converting Tronoh silica sand to silica sand nanoparticles by using ingenious combination of milling process and heating mechanism. Raw Tronoh silica sand was milled for 10 hours with heating process after every 2 hours of milling and the results are analyzed using particle size analyzer. Particles size of less than 100 nm has been repeatedly achieved in this research. Findings from this research provide a simple and low cost alternative method of producing silica sand nanoparticles.
Evaluation of N-M Model on Simulating Seismic Response of High-Rise SRC Structure
Authors: Bu Guo Bin , Cai Jian , Li Kang Ning
Published: December 2013

The axial load-biaxial bending moment interaction model (N-M model) is developed based on the metal plasticity theory, and its reliability in structural analysis is evaluated. Employing CANNY program, linear and nonlinear dynamic time history analysis is conducted to a 32-story SRC structure. The dynamic responses are compared between N-M model and fiber model cases. The results show that N-M model can simulate well the dynamic response of the high-rise hybrid structures. Besides, N-M model has clear mechanical concept and is much simpler compared to fiber model, and the computational efficiency can be greatly improved by using N-M model.
Application of Post-Stack Seismic Inversion in Discription of the Reservoir Distribution
Authors: Li Xu Tao
Published: December 2013

Seismic inversion includes different methods. Acoustic impedance inversion is an ordinary method to find reservoir in oil and gas exploration, but in some area the Acoustic impedance inversion is not effective on different geologic setting. In this paper we found the Gamma Ray is effective on distinguish the sand and shale bed by using P-wave and Gamma Ray crossplot analysis. The final Gamma Ray seismic inversion results show that Gamma Ray seismic inversion can improve the vertical resolution. A satisfactory inversion effect is obtained in HM area.
Research on Material Damage Limits of RC Components for Performance-Based Seismic Design and Assessment
Authors: Qi Yong Le , Zhou Xin Xian , Xie Can Dong
Published: December 2013

This paper divided the seismic performance of RC Components into five levels: integrity, slight damage, slight ~ moderate damage and serious damage, which were defined based on material damage. Physical and mechanical description of RC components in each performance level was given, which can be used as the basis of performance-based evaluation of concrete components in microscopic model and the basis of research on deformation index limits in macro components.
Research of the Economical Campus Construction in Hangzhou
Authors: Li Guo Jian , Mo Ling Ya
Published: December 2013

With the rapid development of economy and society, more and more environmental problems exposed, it all will threatened to our survival. So we should carry out a series of energy saving and emissions reduction work immediately, to create a conservation-minded society. This paper combined with the software which called Weather Tool to analysis, to find out suitable energy saving measures for university zone in Hangzhou.
Museum Exhibition Space Analysis Based on Tracing Behavior Observation
Authors: Zhou Qian , Li Zao , Li Jin
Published: December 2013

The research uses the method of behavior observation and selects the visitors in the exhibition space of museum as research objects. First we analyzed the layout forms and summarized the space characteristics of museum exhibition space. Then we analyzed the retention effect of the visitors in the space and how light environment can affect visitors activities by combining the Kernel density images. According to the research, we concluded the relevance factors between space and human behavior: annular space can cause concentric effect on people; design a small recreational place in the exhibition space will enhance its retention effect; the node at a linear space is more attractive to people; the beginning of a modular space sequence is more effective... In the end, we give our suggestion on how to improve the exhibition space.
Preparation and Property of Waterborne Polyurethane Waterproofing Composites
Authors: Wang Yan Ping , Su Xiao Lei , Tan Yong Sheng , Zhao Kai Li , Qu Yin Hu
Published: December 2013

Waterborne polyurethane waterproofing composite has been prepared using polyurethane emulsion, cement, sand, and distilled water as raw materials, respectively. The compression performance of the samples has been determined by tensile testing machine. The microstructure of the samples has been observed by metallographic microscope. At the same time, the water resisting property of samples has been presented. The result shows that the surface of samples becomes the more smoothing with the increase ratio of cement to sand. The best compressive strength and water resisting property have been obtained when the weight of polyurethane emulsion to distilled water was 1:5 and the ratio of sand to cement was 2.1:1.
Cross-Linked Alternately Copolymerized Electrolyte Poly (styrene-a-maleic ester) Synthesized through Solvent-Free Strategy
Authors: Li Guang Xing , Zhang Shi Chao , Liu Wen Bo , Wei Xin
Published: December 2013

A solvent-free cross-linked alternating copolymer electrolyte is synthesized through photo copolymerization of comb-like poly (ethylene glycol) ester maleate and styrene. Phase transitions, thermal properties, ionic conductivities and electrochemical stabilities are investigated to characterize the alternating copolymer electrolyte. The flexible solid polymer electrolyte (spe) with lithium salt content of 15 wt.% and MA/-OH = 1 has a good ionic conductivity of 1.45×10-5 S cm-1 at 35 °C and a superior electrochemical stability to 5.2 V. The maleic anhydride on the main chain increases the rigidity of the copolymer matrix and decreases the ionic conductivity.
Direct Growth of Graphene on SiO2 by Using Ga-Ni Flux
Authors: Yu Qiang , Zhang Jing Cun , Cao Bing , He Shun Yu , Wang Chin Hua , Zhang Ji Cai , Wang Jian Feng , Xu Ke
Published: December 2013

A new growth method of graphene directly on the bare dielectric substrates by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method with Ga-Ni flux as sacrificial layer is reported in this work. Ga-Ni flux acts as not only a container to store carbon atoms which are dissolved from amourphous carbon film when heated, but also as a catalyst to promote the formation of graphene when cooled. In the process of growth, the Ga-Ni flux dewets and evaporates during the rearrangement of carbon atoms, resulting in graphene synthesized directly on the bare dielectric substrates. Scanning Raman Mapping and Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy were adopted to characterize the graphene film.
Influence of P2O5 and Al2O3 on Mineral Formation in Converter Slag
Authors: Deng Zhi Hao
Published: December 2013

Converter Slag is a by-product during steelmaking. Reusing the slag as Portland cement material can be regarded as a way to reduce environmental pollution. However, the poor grindability caused by complex chemical composition of the slag makes it very difficult to be used in cement industry. To better understand its grindability, the mineral characteristic of converter slag was investigated in this paper. Experimetal slags of CaO-MgO-SiO2-Fe2O3, CaO-MgO-SiO2-Fe2O3-P2O5 and CaO-MgO-SiO2- Fe2O3-P2O5-Al2O3 were synthetized according to physical and chemical properties of actual converter slag. The mineral structures of these slags were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results show that actual and synthetic slags have mainly three mineral, where dicalcium silicate with little phosphorus presented dark gray, periclase presented black and the matrix phase of dicalcium ferrite. Moreover, phosphorus largely dissolves in the 2CaO∙SiO2 in the form of 3CaO∙PO4, and the other minerals don’t contain phosphorus. A Little aluminum has a little influence on the mineral formation of the slag.
Study on the Microstructure and Properties of Low Cost TiFeAl Alloy
Authors: Li Bo Long , Liu Tong , Yuan Jie , Nie Zuo Ren
Published: December 2013

The high strength and low cost Ti-Fe based alloy was produced by double vacuum induction melting method followed by hot deformation. The microstructure has been investigated by Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The microstructure of as-forged alloy is composed of α and β phase without the precipitation of TiFe intermetallic compound. The Ti-Fe-Al alloys show good comprehensive mechanical properties, demonstrating ultimate tensile strength of 1100MPa and elongation above10%. The results indicate the Fe is a good candidate for solution strengthening and simultaneously increasing ductility in titanium alloys. Effect of the Fe and Al elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties have been discussed.
Stable Platform Based on Workbench Vehicle Structure Analysis
Authors: Liu Jin Xia , Chen Chong , Wang Liang , Zhang Cong
Published: December 2013

This paper has conducted a structural analysis by workbench after establishing a stable platform for automotive three-dimensional model, primarily concerning whether the platform can provide a benchmark to meet the requirements of equipment, including the numerical analysis of whether the platform tilt angle under load can achieve the requirements as well as the scheme of improvement direction of the structure.
Morphology and Performance Analysis of Alpaca and Cashmere Fiber
Authors: Wei Xiao Ying , Yang En Long , Xue Yuan , Sun Shi Yuan
Published: December 2013

Alpaca wool is soft and thin, smooth and delicate, can be applied to many areas of production, such as coat, stuffed shirts, scarves, tapestries, bags, carpets, etc. In this paper, surface morphology and mechanical performance of four kinds of alpaca wool and cashmere were investigated. Fiber diameter, strength and surface morphology of Peru alpaca is similar to Cashmere. Fiber diameter, strength of Peru alpaca is much smaller than those of the other three alpaca wool. The results provide a reference for spinning process development and fiber identification.
Heterogeneous Method for Grafting of Syringaldehyde onto Chitosan by Laccase Oxidation
Authors: Yu Cheng Hua , Pei Ji Cheng , Zhang Fang Dong
Published: December 2013

Heterogeneous method for grafting of syringaldehyde (SD) onto chitosan by laccase oxidation, yielding a product with improved antioxidant activities. The results showed that about 1.1% amino groups participated in this reaction. The FTIR showed that the absorption of amino groups were decreased, the absorption of benzene ring structures were disappeared and a new band appeared at 1637 cm-1 corresponding to C=N vibrations that were due to the Schiff base reaction between the chitosan and syringaldehyde. Additionally, the chitosan had insignificant reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity, SD-chitosan had reducing power of A700=0.684, DPPH free radical scavenging activity of 53.2%. SD-chitosan presented improved antioxidant properties.
Accelerated Seeded Precipitation Pre-Treatment for the Improvement of Reverse Osmosis Membrane
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhang Xin Long , Lu Ji Lai , Liu Wei Jing , Tu Yong
Published: December 2013

The research on accelerated seeded precipitation pre-treatment for the improvement of secondary RO membrane was investigated. The influences of seed type, initial pH and seed dosage on accelerated seeded precipitation were studied. SEM images for the secondary RO membrane were also discussed.
Preparation of Target CETP in Docking-Based Virtual Screening
Authors: Tao Wei Ye , Wang Lai You , Huang Guo Quan , Luo Man
Published: December 2013

When conducting docking-based virtual screening, we should carefully prepare the target protein. Generally, the ligands coupled with the receptor-ligand complex are often deleted from the crystal structure, but it is unknown that in which situation the ligands should be deleted. Taking CETP for example, this study conducted virtual screening against CETP through 2 different styles. In style 1, the cholesteryl ester near the active site was deleted. In style 2, the cholesteryl ester was kept to conduct the virtual screening. We found that the results were very different from each other and style 2 was the preferable choice in this situation. The reason why like this is that there is strong repulsion between drug molecule and the cholesteryl ester.
Existence of Anti-Periodic Solution for Delayed Cellular Neural Networks with Impulsive Effects
Authors: Zhang Lin Li , Fan Rui Li , Liu An Ping , Yang Wei Fang
Published: December 2013

As an important tool to study practical problems of biology, engineering and image processing, the cellular neural networks (CNNs) has caused more and more attention. Some interesting results about the existence of solution for cellular neural networks have been obtained. In this paper, by means of iterative analysis, the existence and uniqueness of anti-periodic solution of delayed cellular neural networks with impulsive effects are considered. Some new results are obtained.
Eco-Criticism and Urban Ecological Civilization
Authors: Cao Dong Bo
Published: December 2013

Eco-criticism is a "green" wave of criticism which is set off in the field of literary criticism at the moment in the deteriorating global environment and deepening the context of ecological crisis. This paper will interprete the ecological spirit in William Wordsworth's poetry from the eco-critical perspective and awaken people's ecological consciousness, especially taking Daffodils for example, in order to advocate for the interests of building a natural, ecological, green, and sustainable values and lifestyles for the whole purpose, thus speed up the pace of urban ecological civilization.
A Case Study of English Language Learning Strategies for University Students of Engineering Design Specialty
Authors: Sun Yong Hong , Jiang Xiao Wei , Zheng Ling , Xu Xiang Dong
Published: December 2013

This research aims at investigating language learning strategies of students of English as a foreign language in China. Using the questionnaire SILL as an instrument, qualitative and quantitative research methods are used. 33 valid questionnaires of university students of Engineering Design Specialty have been collected. The data have been analyzed using SPSS Version 20. The results show that the university students of Engineering Design Specialty sometimes use the English learning strategies at medium level. They sometimes use Compensation strategies, Cognitive strategies, Metacognitive strategies, Affective strategies and Social strategies, and they generally do not use Memory strategies.
Investigation into Dynamic Postbuckling of Thin Rectangular Plate under Elastic Compression Wave
Authors: Han Da Wei , Wang An Wen , Mao Liu Wei , Li Gang
Published: December 2013

The initial buckling displacements are taken as initial conditions to solve the dynamic postbuckling problem. Non-dimensional dynamic postbuckling equilibrium equations denoted by the displacements are derived and solved by use of the finite difference method. The results reveal the regulation that the dynamic postbuckling deformation develops from the initial low step mode to the subsequent higher step modes under elastic compression wave.
New Exact Solutions for Stokes First Problem of a Generalized Jeffreys Fluid in a Porous Half Space
Authors: Guo Xiaoyi
Published: December 2013

The fractional calculus approach has been taken into account in the Darcys law and the constitutive relationship of fluid model. Based on a modified Darcys law for a viscoelastic fluid, Stokes first problem is considered for a generalized Jeffreys fluid in a porous half space. By using the Fourier sine transform and the Laplace transform, two forms of exact solutions of Stokes first problem for a generalized Jeffreys fluid in the porous half space are obtained in term of generalized Mittag-Leffler function, and one of them is presented as the sum of the similar Newtonian solution and the corresponding non-Newtonian contributions. As the limiting cases, solutions of the Stokes first problem for the generalized second fluid, the fractional Maxwell fluid and the Newtonian fluid in the porous half space are also obtained.
Influence of the Cross Section Shape on Energy Absorbing Component of Bumper Subjected to Low Speed Crash
Authors: Liu Yan Jie , Ding Lin
Published: December 2013

Energy absorbing component of bumper equipped at the front end of a car, is one of the most important automotive parts for crash energy absorption. It usually was made a mental thin walled tube. In the paper, automobile energy absorbing component at low-velocity impact was studied by using Finite Element Method. The FE model of the tube was builded by comparing the five cross section shape . Results show that the impact peak load and maximum energy absorption have certain effect to energy-absorbing component with different the cross section shape.
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis and Modeling of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator Turning System
Authors: Li Dong , Luan Da-Wei , Wang Zhen-Fang , Ma Tao
Published: December 2013

Based on DEFORM finite element software, the model of turning process of GMA was built, and the relation function among turning speed, turning depth and turning force of GMA turning system was achieved. Then, considering the turning force model, the dynamic equation of the turning system was established and the time domain and frequency domain of GMA turning system were discussed with different corresponding parameters. Results show that turning speed and turning depth have apparent effects on turning force of GMA turning system. Therefore, it is necessary to take the impact into consideration when analyzing dynamic characteristics of the turning system.
Research on Body Pressure Distribution at Different Angles of Wheelchair Seat Surface
Authors: Qin Tian , Zhang Jian Guo , Dai Yu Xing
Published: December 2013

The objective of the present study was to study the effect of seat angle change on body pressure distribution. The body pressure distribution and body subjective comfort evaluation were recorded in five angles of wheelchair seat surface(0 °, 3 °, 6 °, 9 °and 12 °) by using X-Sensor system. 20 healthy volunteers (10 males and 10 females) were tested to obtain the average pressure of back, the maximum pressure of back, the contact area of back, the average pressure of buttock, the maximum pressure of buttock, the contact area of buttock. The experimental data were analyzed by statistical analysis software SPSS 19.0 and MATLAB. Finally the comfort indicator of wheelchair was determined based on body pressure distribution, and the more comfortable angle of wheelchair seat surface was also obtained, which was 3.17°. The study should provide a strong help for the comfortable wheelchair designing.
RCS Calculation of Tank Turrets and their Improved Stealth Shapes
Authors: Xu Xin , Chen Yi Wang
Published: December 2013

By considering the effects of shadowing on RCS, calculation on panel and edge diffrection was performed. Taking the model of sphere and flat structure as numerical example, results show that the method is effective. The RCS of M1A2SEP tanks turrets and type 99 tanks turrets were calculated at different angle by combining the physical optics and equivalent currents. The shape of the turrets were improved to make the stealth effect better.
Small Refrigerator Simulation and Experimental Study
Authors: Zhang Hong Chen , Li Feng Li , Zhang Li Qing
Published: December 2013

Through the study of the actual single-stage vapor compression refrigeration system of each components, to build the mathematical model of each components, through the study of the nature of the refrigerant R22 , to build the thermodynamic properties and transport properties of mathematical model, the use of modelica language in ITI SimulationX 2.0 software platform , and the simulation results and actual operation are compared.
Laboratory Test Method for Dynamic Rebound Modulus of Subgrade Red Clay in Moist-Heat Area
Authors: Zhang Jun Hui , Zhou Yu , Zheng Jian Long
Published: December 2013

Ten representative expressway pavement structures in the southern humid area were investigated, and then the stress state of subgrade soil under the pavement structure was calculated and analyzed by multi-layer elastic system theory. Based on the latest research results at home and abroad, combined with the stress and physical properties of subgrade soils in south moist and heat area, the laboratory test method for dynamic rebound modulus of subgrade soil in this area was determined.
Experimental Study on O-Cell Test of Long Rock Socket Bored Pile
Authors: Yao Li Zhang , Sang Deng Feng , Su Lin Wang , Tan De Yin
Published: December 2013

The O-cell test method which was applied on the pile load testing was introduced, including the basic principle, test device and test technique. Based on the project of offshore structure in Malaysia, the O-cell test was performed on the long rock socket bored pile. The bearing behavior and load transfer characteristics were analyzed. The shaft friction in the rock played an important role in the pile shaft friction. In some long rock socket pile, The O-cell method cant test the ultimate capacity of some long rock socket pile.
Analysis on Railway Ballast-Glue Micro-Characteristics
Authors: Wang Zi Jie , Jing Guo Qing , Liu Gui Xian
Published: December 2013

Ballast-glue is a chemical material severed to adjust ballast stiffness and stabilize railway infrastructure, and its ballast-glue characteristics is less of microscopic research. The ballast-glue cubic sample compressed tests were carried, with curing time alteration, then a 3D discrete-element method (DEM) is used to investigate the glue bonding effects of the tests, where the ballast is made of real size irregular clumps, the ballast-glue is represented by bonds to simulate the tensile and shear strength, results show that ballast curing time is a key factor to govern the ballast-glue integrity and strength, ballast-glue increases the maximum compressed force up to 0.99Mpa, and the DEM bonding function is a potential tool for ballast-glue structure investigation.
Comparative Analysis on Different Types of Anchor Reinforcing Gravity Retaining Wall
Authors: Ma De Fu , Guo Lei , Wu Jian Qing , Zhou Zhi Dong
Published: December 2013

A new type of gravity retaining wall combining with anchor is developed to support higher embankment. The retaining wall has the advantage of high safety, lateral deformation small, wide applicable range and low requirements for the foundation bearing capacity. The pressure distributions of gravity retaining wall with anchor have changed a lot. The change will have a significant impact on structures. In order to reveal the gravity retaining wall combining anchor pressure distributions, numerical simulation was done. The result shows that it has no obvious differences to its force state when retaining wall is reinforced with horizontal and oblique anchors, The former is applicable to the new embankment retaining wall support and the latter is applicable to the original retaining wall reinforcement.
Dynamic Stability Analysis of Defective Piles under Vertical Harmonic Load
Authors: Ni Xian Guang
Published: December 2013

We established the computational mode for defective piles based on practical engineering problems,and studied the stability of the defective pile in the heterogeneous soil under vertical harmonic loads. We established the dynamical function based on the principle of Energy and Hamilton, and abtained the expressions of critical frequency of defective piles.The results show that, the instability of the defective piles relate to the degree of defect and the location of defect.
The Local Stress Analysis for the Anchorage Zone of Tooth Plate in Steel Box Girder
Authors: Luo Zuo Long , Wang Jiang Long , Dong Feng Hui
Published: December 2013

Calculating the local stress for the anchorage zone of each part in the tooth plate by establishing two kinds of finite element model: considering concrete effect and not considering concrete effect. The result of the comparative analysis of the two models shows that the local stress considering the concrete effect is smaller than that not considering the concrete effect and the maximum difference is about 170 MPa. The difference is not the same in different parts of the tooth plate. Although the design will be tend to be safe for not considering the concrete effect, the size of the tooth plate may increase. Therefore, in order to reduce the weight of the tooth plate , the concrete effect should be taken into consideration in the design.
Jacking Technology for a Simply Supported Girder Bridge
Authors: Xu Li Ge , Wang Yi Li , Xu Chang Jie
Published: December 2013

Numerous bridges have to be lifted to meet increased navigation capacity. However, no relevant technical standard for the jack-up technique is yet available. This paper presents a study on the integral lifting of simply supported girder bridge which implements the finite element method. Finite element analysis provides a reliable basis in controlling construction. Research shows that stress concentration is evident near support points in the lifting process. Thus, stress monitoring is necessary. These points should be near to the bridge web. Moreover, beam span and section rigidity should also be considered when jacking up a bridge. The value of allowable error in the jacking-up process decreases with increasing beam span or decreasing section stiffness. Therefore, jacking up a bridge will be safer when section rigidity is large enough and beam span is not extremely long. This paper offers tremendous reference value with regard to engineering projects.
Study on the New Energy-Saving Structure System with Seismic Performance
Authors: Xu Guang , Li Jing , Tian Yun Ge
Published: December 2013

As one of the main stress components of energy-saving structure system, grid frame shear wall was chosen as the main research object. The low cyclic loading tests were applied to test the mechanical properties of three kinds of grid framework with aspect ratios 0.69, 1.1 and 2.75. Based on the analysis of failure mode, bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity and so on, the factors affecting on the seismic performance of the grid frame shear wall were discussed.
A Study of Suspended Sediment Transport Characteristics in the Offshore of Yangtze Estuary
Authors: Huang Li Bing , Li Yi Tian
Published: December 2013

Estuarine offshore area is the gathering area of sediment which is from watershed into sea. There has important theoretical and practical significance about researching the transport characteristics and the variation trend of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in this area. On the basis of analyzing the long data about recent 50 years to the Yangtze estuarine offshore area, there are some results: in time aspects, the SSC in dry season is higher than it in flood season, and the SSC in spring tide is higher than it in neap tide; in longitudinal distribution aspects, there is a decreasing trend about SSC from west to east, and the decreasing level of the SSC is ever-reduced from west to east until the SSC remains basically low and unchanged in the east of 123°E; in transverse distribution aspects, the SSC has high locations. Furthermore, there has a preliminary discussion for the variation of the SSC in the offshore area with the reduce of the sediment from watershed, comparing with the last century (1950s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s), the SSC in the offshore area has a reductive trend, it shows good consistency between the variation of the SSC in the estuarine offshore area and the decrease of sediment from the Yangtse River into sea.
The Impacts of Water Transfer on Thermal Structure of Shallow Reservoir
Authors: Ma Guang Yu , Wu Bin Bin , Jiang Hong
Published: December 2013

A two-dimensional numerical model was built for the typical shallow reservoir with serious thermal pollution in the North China Plain. After calibration and validation, four scenarios were developed to study the impacts of water transfer on thermal structure. Model results showed that the hydrodynamic and water temperature could be well simulated. The effects of water transfer on thermal structure showed in decreasing temperature rises, which was more remarkable for regions far away from the releasing point of thermal discharge. In terms of reducing temperature, 45.5 m3/s was the most efficient inflow rate among the four representative flow rates. This study provides useful information for reservoir sustainable management.
Keywords: water transfer, temperature, numerical simulation, Douhe reservoir.
The Classification and Analysis of Risk Response Measures in the Hydraulic Engineering Slope
Authors: Guo Yong Cheng , Guo Jin Long
Published: December 2013

In view of the definition on the slope of the specification, the classification of water conservancy engineering slope is obtained. Through the analysis of the unique features of different types of slope of specific projects, the focus of different slope is pointed out. After the risk analysis and evaluation on the slope, according to the characteristics of the water conservancy engineering slope, it is proposed that engineering measures and non-engineering measures can be adopted to transfer or reduce the risk.
Prediction and Optimization of Groundwater Development in Beijing Plain
Authors: Guo Hai Peng , Wang Li Ya , Fan Shan Shan
Published: December 2013

Groundwater plays an important role and accounts for two-thirds of the total water supply in Beijing plain. Overexploitation of groundwater has caused continuous decline in groundwater levels, land subsidence and other environmental and ecological problems. To analyze current status and predict future trends in groundwater resources, a 3D transient groundwater flow model was established and used to simulate various groundwater resources development schemes. With considering some facters such as groundwater exploitation, river outflow, groundwater levels and so on, an evaluation index system was constructed. Based on this index system a multi-object decision model was established for estimation of groundwater development schemes and proven to be very useful for scientific analysis of reasonable development and utilization of groundwater resources.
Study on Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Chen Yan
Published: December 2013

For lightweight aggregate concrete, fiber materials can reinforce its toughness and strength better and improve its segregation degree greatly. Specifically, as the experiment indicates, the fluidity of concrete mix decreases slightly after 0.5% basalt fiber and 0.5% PVA fiber are incorporated into the concrete with FA ceramsite as lightweight aggregate. However, its segregation degree reduces about 50%. And its 28d cubic compressive strength increases 0.7% and 28d splitting tensile strength increases 12.7%. Therefore, this effect is better than that of adding only one kind of fiber.
Hg Ion Detection with Monolayered Graphene and Gold in a Microfluidic Channel
Authors: Lee Seung Ho , Jung Won Suck , Kim Soo Hyun
Published: December 2013

Detection for aqueous contamination of mercury is important for its risk for human and environment. We report the detection ofHg2+ ionswith graphene and gold in a microfluidic channel. The flow-induced voltage was measured in a microfluidic chip fabricated with a graphene and gold embedded between metal electrodes.The lowest mercury ion concentration detected by the sensor is 10-8M with a fast response time.Our sensor can overcome the limitations of previous techniques such as portability, quick response time.
Analysis and Optimization of a Hydraulic-Feedback Proportional Throttlecartridge Valve
Authors: Liu Wei , Wei Jian Hua , Hu Bo
Published: December 2013

In this work, one kind of proportional throttle cartridge valve which is based on hydraulic-feedback principle is studied comprehensively. A detailed precise mathematical model is built. Analysis of the model shows that the model varies greatly depending on the operating point chosen for the linearization. The influences of design parameters are studied through root locus method and several parameters are picked out which have great impact on the dynamic performance. Then an optimization based on iterative eigenvalue configuration is implemented. After the optimization, the performance of the valve is improved effectively.
Application of Z Transform in the Design of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal
Authors: Zhang Juan , Fu Wen Peng , Zhang Rong Jun
Published: December 2013

A method of designing onedimensional photonic crystal is presented from the perspective of Z-domain and digital signal processing. The optical structure and structural parameters for the desired filtering spectrum in reflection can be directly obtained by using the design method. A design example is given in the paper to verify the method.