bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Permainan “Ular Tangga Matematika” Pada Materi Bilangan Pecahan
Authors: Indah Suciati
Published: May 2021

Permainan ular tangga merupakan salah satu permainan tradisional yang telah dikenal sejak lama. Permainan ini sangat menyenangkan dan menarik minat peserta didik ketika diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk melakukan kajian literatur tentang penggunaan media permainan “ular tangga” pada pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian ini merupakan metode SLR (Systematic Literature Review). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mendokumentasikan dan mereview semua artikel yang terkait dengan penggunaan media permainan ular tangga pada pembelajaran matematika yang diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu 2013-2020. Artikel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah lima belas (15). Artikel tersebut diterbitkan pada jurnal nasional yang dapat diakses dan diunduh dalam database online Google Scholar yang kemudian dikelompokkan dan dianalisis. Hasil penelitian merupakan pembahasan mengenai temuan yang tersaji di dalam artikel. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, maka hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan beberapa temuan yaitu: (1) penggunaan media permainan ular tangga dalam proses pembelajaran terbukti berpengaruh dan efektif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik, (2) penerapan media permainan ular tangga terbukti efektif dan memiliki dampak positif terhadap keaktifan peserta didik dalam mengikuti pembelajaran matematika, (3) penggunaan media permainan ular tangga terbukti dapat mengembangkan dan meningkatkan kemampuan matematis peserta didik dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran matematika di kelas, dan (4) penerapan media permainan ular tangga terbukti berpengaruh dan dapat meningkatkan motivasi peserta didik dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran matematika di dalam kelas.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU YANG MENAWARKAN PEKERJAAN PROSTITUSI ONLINE (STUDI PUTUSAN NO: 70/Pid.Sus/2019/PN BJN)
Authors: Simanjuntak Andreas , Esther July , Manullang Herlina
Published: May 2021

Prostitusi di Indonesia dianggap sebagai kesusilaan atau melawan hukum dan menjadi masalah yang rumit oleh karena itu masalah ini sangat butuh perhatian khusus dari masyarakat. Bagaimana Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Yang Menawarkan Pekerjaan Prostitusi Online (Studi Kasus Putusan No 70/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Bjn). Adapun penelitian ini metode analisis yang dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data dengan cara studi kepustakaan. Dalam perkara putusan Nomor 70/Pid.Sus/2019/Pn Bjn, Jaksa mendakwa terdakwa dengan dakwaan kesatu yakni Pasal 27 Ayat (1) jo Pasal 45 Ayat (1) UU RI No 19 tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas UU No 11 tahun 2008 tentang ITE dan unsur-unsur dalam pasal tersebut telah terpebuhi dan dakwaan kedua Pasal 296 KUHP dan unsur-unsur dalam dakwaan tersebut telah terpenuhi. Maka Jaksa hanya menuntut terdakwa dengan dakwaan kedua yaitu selama 1 (satu) tahun. Majelis Hakim tidak menemukan hal-hal yang dapat menghapuskan pertanggungjawaban pidana sebagai alasan pembenar dan alasan pemaaf, maka terdakwa harus mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatan dan karena terdakwa mampu bertanggungjawab maka harus dinyatakan bersalah dan dijatuhi pidana penjara selama satu 1 (satu) tahun 2 (dua) bulan. Perlu penindakan secara tegas terhadap pelaku prustitusi online, maka diharapkan kepada Aparat Penegak Hukum terutama Hakim memberikan sanksi yang berat agar pelaku tindak pidana prostitusi online mendapatkan efek jera.
PENGAWASAN OTORITAS JASA KEUAGAN TERHADAP SIMPAN PINJAM ONLINE (FINTECH)
Authors: Situmorang Natal , Simangungsong Marthin , Debora
Published: May 2021

Fintech peer to peer lending atau yang umum dikenal dengan layanan pinjaman online mulai berkembang  pada tahun 2016, layanan pinjaman online ini sering digunakan untuk membantu usaha mikro, kecil, menengah(UMKM) lokal. Dalam membahas permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yaitu dengan melakukan analisis terhadap permasalahan melalui pendekatan terhadap asas-asas hukum serta mengacu pada kepada aturan hukum yang berlaku yang terdapat pada peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian diketahui OJK melakukan pengawasan terhadap Fintech Peer to Peer lending adalah berdasarkan pada  Undang-undang No.21 Tahun 2011 tentang OJK secara umum dan secara khusus diatur dalam Peraturan OJK No.77 Tahun 2016 Tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Pemblokiran yang telah dilakukan belum dapat secara efektif mencegah kemunculan pinjaman online ilegal. Salah satu penyebab utamanya karena pembuatan aplikasi pada google bersifat terbuka sehingga perusahaan pinjaman online ilegal dapat membuat kembali layanan serupa meski telah dilakukan pemblokiran berkali-kali.
Sürdürülebilir Arazi Yönetimi Altında Türkiye’de Korunan Alanlar
Authors: ÇELİK Mehmet Özgür , ÇORUHLU Yakup Emre
Published: May 2021

Korunan alanlar; geçmişten günümüze kadar önemini korumuş; tarihi, kültürel, ekonomik, sosyal ve doğal özellikleri nedeniyle korunması gerekli alanlardır. Bu alanların etkin şekilde korunması, yönetilmesi ve gelecek nesillere aktarılması son derece önem arz etmektedir. Artan kentleşme baskısı ve yanlış arazi kullanımı gibi nedenler korunan alanların koruma-yönetim-kullanma sorunlarını derinleştirmektedir. Çalışmaya konu korunan alanlar ve bunlar ile ilişkili taşınmazlar için sürdürülebilir arazi yönetimi uygulamalarında neler yapılması gerektiği konusunda genel bir çerçeve çizilmiştir. Nesne tabanlı coğrafi veri modeli oluşturulmuş ve web ortamında sunumu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Böylelikle sürdürülebilir arazi yönetimi altında korunan alanlara ilişkin yeni bir bakış açısı geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
A single-centre analysis of post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer
Authors: Aerts R , Severi C , Van Roey G , Harlet R , T’Syen M , Claessens C , Van Gool S , Croonen C , Janssens J
Published: May 2021

Patients and methods : A prospective registration of patients with colorectal cancer and a colonoscopy within the last 10 years. We tried to classify these post-colonoscopy colorectal cancers (PCCRCs) by most reasonable explanation and into subcategories suggested by the World Endoscopy Organization (WEO) and calculated the unadjusted PCCRC rate.

Results : 47 PCCRCs were identified. The average age at diagnosis of PCCRC was 73 years. PCCRCs were more located in the right colon with a higher percentage of MSI-positive and B-RAF mutated tumours. The average period between index colonoscopy and diagnosis of PCCRC was 4.2 years. Sixty-eight % of all PCCRCs could be explained by procedural factors. The mean PCCRC-3y of our department was 2.46%.

Conclusions : The data of our centre are in line with the data of the literature from which can be concluded that most post-colonoscopy colorectal cancers are preventable. The PCCRC-3y is an important quality measure for screening colonoscopy. Ideally all centres involved in the population screening should measure the PCCRC-3 y annually, with cooperation of the cancer registry and reimbursement data provided by the Intermutualistic Agency (IMA).
Accuracy and other quality indicators of solid pancreatic mass endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and biopsy in two academic endoscopy centers
Authors: Figueiredo M , Arvanitakis M , Zaarour A , Toussaint E , Devière J , Van Laethem J.L. , Gomez-Galdon M , Verset L , Demetter P , Eisendrath P
Published: May 2021

Background and aims : Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needleaspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB) is highly accurate, but dis-crepancies between cytological and surgical diagnoses are stillobserved. We aimed to determine its accuracy and monitor qualityindicators in our facilities.

Patients and methods : We performed a retrospective review ofall cases of pancreatic solid lesions evaluated by EUS-FNA/FNB,between July 2015 and June 2018, in two centers. Cytologicaland surgical findings were categorized into five groups: benign,malignant, suspect of malignancy, undetermined and insufficientfor diagnosis. Final diagnosis was based on surgical diagnosis and,in patients who did not undergo surgery, on clinical outcome after6 months follow-up.

Results : Altogether, 142 patients were included. FNA was thepreferred tissue acquisition method (88%), with a predilection forthe FNA 22G needle (57%). Cytology was insufficient for diagnosisin 2 cases, therefore a full diagnostic sample was available in 98.6%of the patients (>90%, ESGE target). Fifty-five (38.7%) patientsunderwent surgery. In term of cancer diagnosis, comparison withfinal surgical pathology (n=55) revealed 89% true positives, 5.5%true negatives, 3.6% false positives and 1.8% false negatives. Whencombining surgical diagnosis and clinical outcomes together, EUS-guided sampling sensitivity was 97.4% (92.5-99.5), specificity was92.3% (74.9-99.1), positive predictive value was 98.2% (93.6-99.5),negative predictive value was 88.9% (72.3-96.1) and accuracy was96.4% (91.9-98.8). Post-procedural acute pancreatitis was reportedin 2 patients (1.4%).

Conclusions : These results reveal a performance for diagnostictissue sampling well above the ESGE proposed target standard.Also, the uncommon high specificity illustrates the determiningrole of the pathologist’s final interpretation and diagnosis.
Lessons learned about appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms from data analysis of the Belgian Cancer Registry 2010-2015
Authors: Ribeiro S , De Maeyer F , De Man M , Carton S , Cuyle P.J. , Verslype C , Borbath I , Demetter P , Van Damme N , Van Eycken L , Vandamme T , Hoorens A , Geboes K
Published: May 2021

Background and study aims : Appendiceal neuroendocrine neo-plasms (aNENs) are a diverse group of malignant neoplasms ofvarying biological behavior for which information about manage-ment and outcome is sparse, with the majority of available studiesbeing retrospective, including only a limited number of patients,and therefore not necessarily reflecting the reality in the community.In the present study clinical, epidemiological and pathological dataof appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms in Belgium is providedand compared with current literature.

Methods : A population-based study was conducted by linkingdata of the Belgian Cancer Registry with medical procedures inthe Belgian Health Insurance database for patients diagnosed withaNEN between 2010 and 2015.

Results : We found an aNEN incidence of 0.97/100.000 personyears in Belgium. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the appendix arerare. Most appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (aNETs) are smallG1 tumors. Positive lymph nodes are often found in tumors largerthan 2cm, especially aNET G2.

Conclusion : A rapid uptake of changing classifications was seenin the community. However, systematic reporting of risk factorsfor small aNEN can still be improved and should be stimulated.In 9% of cases, reclassifications had to be made, pointing out thatin a retrospective analysis, original pathological reports should bechecked for specific parameters, before reliable conclusions can be drawn.
Variability of NO2 concentrations over China and effect on air quality derived from satellite and ground-based observations
Authors: Fan Cheng , Li Zhengqiang , Li Ying , Dong Jiantao , van der A Ronald , de Leeuw Gerrit
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The variation of NO2 concentrations in mainland China is
analyzed on different timescales, from decadal to weekly, using both
satellite data and data from ground-based monitoring networks. TROPOMI
(TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) data were used to study the spatial
variations of tropospheric NO2 vertical column densities (TVCDs) over
the study area during 16–20 weeks after the Chinese Spring Festival (25
January 2020). These data were used to select 11 regions for more detailed
analysis of the variation of NO2 TVCDs on a decadal timescale. In this
analysis, monthly and annual averaged NO2 TVCDs derived from OMI (Ozone
Monitoring Instrument) observations were used for the years 2011 to 2019.
The results show the NO2 TVCD trends for different regions, all
decreasing in response to emission reduction policies but with a different
onset and a possible halt of the decrease in recent years; trends and period
in the south of the study area are different from those in the north.
Variations of NO2 TVCDs on shorter timescales, monthly and weekly,
were analyzed using TROPOMI data. In addition, the variations of weekly-averaged ground-based NO2 concentrations in 11 major cities were
analyzed together with those for O3 and PM2.5. In particular these
data were used to determine their effect on the air quality as expressed by
the air quality index (AQI). For quantitative estimates, the use of weekly
concentrations is more accurate than the use of monthly values, and the
effects of long-term trends and their reversal needs to be taken into
account for the separation of effects of the lockdown and the Spring
Festival. Neglecting the possible reversal of the trends leads to
overestimation of the lockdown effect in the south and underestimation in
the north. The ground-based data confirm earlier reports, based on satellite
observations, that the expected improvement of air quality due to the
reduction of NO2 concentrations was offset by the increase of the
concentrations of O3 and the different effects of the lockdown measures
on PM2.5, as well as effects of meteorological influences and
heterogeneous chemistry. The AQI seems to be mostly influenced by PM2.5
rather than NO2. A qualitative comparison between time series of
satellite and ground-based NO2 observations shows both similarities and
differences. The study further shows the different behaviors in city clusters
in the north and south of China, as well as inland in the Sichuan and Guanzhong
basins. Effects of other holidays and events are small, except in Beijing
where the air quality in 2020 was notably better than in previous years.
This study was undertaken for China, but the methodology and results have
consequences for air quality studies in other areas, and part of the
conclusions are generally applicable.
Multifrequency radar observations of clouds and precipitation including the G-band
Authors: Lamer Katia , Oue Mariko , Battaglia Alessandro , Roy Richard J. , Cooper Ken B. , Dhillon Ranvir , Kollias Pavlos
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Observations collected during the 25 February 2020 deployment of
the Vapor In-Cloud Profiling Radar at the Stony Brook Radar Observatory
clearly demonstrate the potential of G-band radars for cloud and
precipitation research, something that until now was only discussed in
theory. The field experiment, which coordinated an X-, Ka-, W- and G-band
radar, revealed that the Ka–G pairing can generate differential reflectivity
signal several decibels larger than the traditional Ka–W pairing
underpinning an increased sensitivity to smaller amounts of liquid and ice
water mass and sizes. The observations also showed that G-band signals
experience non-Rayleigh scattering in regions where Ka- and W-band signal
do not, thus demonstrating the potential of G-band radars for sizing
sub-millimeter ice crystals and droplets. Observed peculiar radar
reflectivity patterns also suggest that G-band radars could be used to gain
insight into the melting behavior of small ice crystals. G-band signal interpretation is challenging, because attenuation and
non-Rayleigh effects are typically intertwined. An ideal liquid-free period
allowed us to use triple-frequency Ka–W–G observations to test existing ice
scattering libraries, and the results raise questions on their
comprehensiveness. Overall, this work reinforces the importance of deploying radars (1) with sensitivity sufficient enough to detect small Rayleigh scatters at cloud top in
order to derive estimates of path-integrated hydrometeor attenuation, a key
constraint for microphysical retrievals; (2) with sensitivity sufficient enough to
overcome liquid attenuation, to reveal the larger differential signals
generated from using the G-band as part of a multifrequency deployment; and (3) capable of monitoring atmospheric gases to reduce related uncertainty.
The importance of size ranges in aerosol instrument intercomparisons: a case study for the Atmospheric Tomography Mission
Authors: Guo Hongyu , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Nault Benjamin A. , Day Douglas A. , Schroder Jason C. , Kim Dongwook , Dibb Jack E. , Dollner Maximilian , Weinzierl Bernadett , Jimenez Jose L.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Aerosol intercomparisons are inherently complex as they convolve
instrument-dependent detection efficiencies vs. size (which often change
with pressure, temperature, or humidity) and variations in the sampled
aerosol population, in addition to differences in chemical detection
principles (e.g., inorganic-only nitrate vs. inorganic plus
organic nitrate for two instruments). The NASA Atmospheric Tomography
Mission (ATom) spanned four separate aircraft deployments which sampled the remote marine troposphere from 86∘ S to 82∘ N over
different seasons with a wide range of aerosol concentrations and
compositions. Aerosols were quantified with a set of carefully characterized and calibrated instruments, some based on particle sizing and some on composition measurements. This study aims to provide a critical evaluation of inlet transmissions impacting aerosol intercomparisons, and of aerosol quantification during ATom, with a focus on the aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). The volume determined from physical sizing instruments (aerosol microphysical properties, AMP, 2.7 nm to 4.8 µm optical diameter) is compared in detail with that derived from the chemical measurements of the AMS and the single particle soot photometer (SP2). Special attention was paid to characterize the upper end of the AMS size-dependent transmission with in-field calibrations, which we show to be critical for accurate comparisons across instruments with inevitably different size cuts. Observed differences between campaigns emphasize the importance of characterizing AMS transmission for each instrument and field study for meaningful interpretation of instrument comparisons. Good agreement (regression slope =0.949 and 1.083 for ATom-1 and ATom-2, respectively; SD =0.003) was found between the composition-based volume (including AMS-quantified sea salt) and that derived from AMP after applying the AMS inlet transmission. The AMS captured, on average, 95±15 % of the standard PM1 volume (referred to as the URG Corp. standard cut 1 µm cyclone operated at its nominal efficiency). These results support the absence of significant unknown biases and the appropriateness of the accuracy estimates for AMS total mass and volume for the mostly aged air masses encountered in ATom. The particle size ranges (and their altitude dependence) that are sampled by the AMS and complementary composition instruments (such as soluble acidic gases and aerosol, SAGA, and particle analysis by laser mass spectrometry, PALMS) are investigated to inform their use in future studies.
A field intercomparison of three passive air samplers for gaseous mercury in ambient air
Authors: Naccarato Attilio , Tassone Antonella , Martino Maria , Moretti Sacha , Macagnano Antonella , Zampetti Emiliano , Papa Paolo , Avossa Joshua , Pirrone Nicola , Nerentorp Michelle , Munthe John , Wängberg Ingvar , Stupple Geoff W. , Mitchell Carl P. J. , Martin Adam R. , Steffen Alexandra , Babi Diana , Prestbo Eric M. , Sprovieri Francesca , Wania Frank
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Passive air samplers (PASs), which provide time-averaged concentrations of
gaseous mercury over the timescale of weeks to months, are promising for
filling a gap in the monitoring of atmospheric mercury worldwide. Their
usefulness will depend on their ease of use and robustness under field
conditions, their availability and affordability, and most notably, their
ability to provide results of acceptable precision and accuracy. Here we
describe a comparative evaluation of three PASs with respect to their
ability to precisely and accurately record atmospheric background mercury
concentrations at sites in both southern Italy and southern Ontario, Canada. The study includes the CNR-PAS with gold nanoparticles as a sorbent, developed by the Italian National Research Council, the IVL-PAS using an activated carbon-coated disk, developed by the Swedish Environmental Research Institute, and the MerPAS® using a sulfur-impregnated activated carbon sorbent, developed at the University of Toronto and commercialized by Tekran. Detection limits are deduced from the variability in the amount of mercury quantified in more than 20 field blank
samples for each PAS. Analytical and sampling precision is quantified
through 22 triplicate deployments for each PAS, ranging in duration from 2 to 12 weeks. Accuracy and bias are assessed through comparison with
gaseous elemental mercury concentrations recorded by Tekran 2537 automated
mercury analyzers operating alongside the PASs at both locations. The
performance of the PASs was significantly better in Italy, with all of them
providing concentrations that are not significantly different from the
average concentrations of the Tekran 2537 instruments. In Canada, where
weather conditions were much harsher and more variable during the February
through April deployment period, there are differences amongst the PASs. At both sites, the MerPAS® is currently the most sensitive, precise, and accurate among the three PASs. A key reason for this is the larger size and the radial configuration of the
MerPAS®, which results in lower blank levels relative to the sequestered amounts of mercury when compared to the other two PASs, which rely on axial diffusion geometries. Since blank correction becomes relatively smaller with longer deployments, performance tends to be closer amongst the PASs during deployments of 8 and 12 weeks.
Carbon export and fate beneath a dynamic upwelled filament off the California coast
Authors: Bourne Hannah L. , Bishop James K. B. , Connors Elizabeth J. , Wood Todd J.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. To understand the vertical variations in carbon fluxes in
biologically productive waters, four autonomous carbon flux explorers
(CFEs), ship-lowered CTD-interfaced particle-sensitive transmissometer and
scattering sensors, and surface-drogued sediment traps were deployed in a
filament of offshore flowing, recently upwelled water, during the June 2017
California Current Ecosystem – Long Term Ecological Research process study.
The Lagrangian CFEs operating at depths from 100–500 m yielded carbon flux
and its partitioning with size from 30 µm–1 cm at three intensive
study locations within the filament and in waters outside the filament. Size
analysis codes intended to enable long-term CFE operations independent of
ships are described. Different particle classes (anchovy pellets, copepod
pellets, and > 1000 µm aggregates) dominated the 100–150 m
fluxes during successive stages of the filament evolution as it progressed
offshore. Fluxes were very high at all locations in the filament; below
150 m, flux was invariant or increased with depth at the two locations
closer to the coast. Martin curve b factors (± denotes 95 %
confidence intervals) for total particulate carbon flux were +0.37 ± 0.59, +0.85 ± 0.31, −0.24 ± 0.68, and −0.45 ± 0.70 at the
three successively occupied locations within the plume, and in transitional
waters. Interestingly, the flux profiles for all particles
< 400 µm were a much closer fit to the canonical Martin
profile (b−0.86); however, most (typically > 90 %) of
the particle flux was carried by > 1000 µm sized aggregates
which increased with depth. Mechanisms to explain the factor of 3 flux
increase between 150 and 500 m at the mid-plume location are investigated.
Methane oxidation in the waters of a humic-rich boreal lake stimulated by photosynthesis, nitrite, Fe(III) and humics
Authors: van Grinsven Sigrid , Oswald Kirsten , Wehrli Bernhard , Jegge Corinne , Zopfi Jakob , Lehmann Moritz F. , Schubert Carsten J.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Small boreal lakes are known to contribute significantly to global CH4 emissions. Lake Lovojärvi is a eutrophic lake in southern
Finland with bottom water CH4 concentrations up to 2 mM. However, the surface water concentration, and thus the diffusive emission
potential, was low (< 0.5 µM). We studied the biogeochemical processes involved in CH4 removal by chemical profiling and
through incubation experiments. δ13C-CH4 profiling of the water column revealed a methane-oxidation hotspot just below
the oxycline and zones of CH4 oxidation within the anoxic water column. In incubation experiments involving the addition of light and/or
oxygen, CH4 oxidation rates in the anoxic hypolimnion were enhanced 3-fold, suggesting a major role for photosynthetically fueled aerobic
CH4 oxidation. We observed a distinct peak in CH4 concentration at the chlorophyll-a maximum, caused by either in situ
CH4 production or other CH4 inputs such as lateral transport from the littoral zone. In the dark anoxic water column at
7 m depth, nitrite seemed to be the key electron acceptor involved in CH4 oxidation, yet additions of Fe(III),
anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and humic substances also stimulated anoxic CH4 oxidation. Surprisingly, nitrite seemed to inhibit
CH4 oxidation at all other depths. Overall, this study shows that photosynthetically fueled CH4 oxidation can be a key process
in CH4 removal in the water column of humic, turbid lakes, thereby limiting diffusive CH4 emissions from boreal lakes. Yet, it
also highlights the potential importance of a whole suite of alternative electron acceptors, including humics, in these freshwater environments in
the absence of light and oxygen.
Development and evaluation of spectral nudging strategy for the simulation of summer precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau using WRF (v4.0)
Authors: Huang Ziyu , Zhong Lei , Ma Yaoming , Fu Yunfei
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Precipitation is the key component determining the water budget
and climate change of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) under a warming climate. This
high-latitude region is regarded as “the Third Pole” of the Earth and the
“Asian Water Tower” and influences the eco-economy of downstream regions.
However, the intensity and diurnal cycle of precipitation are inadequately
depicted by current reanalysis products and regional climate models (RCMs).
Spectral nudging is an effective dynamical downscaling method used to
improve precipitation simulations of RCMs by preventing simulated fields
from drifting away from large-scale reference fields, but the most effective
manner of applying spectral nudging over the TP is unclear. In this paper,
the effects of spectral nudging parameters (e.g., nudging variables,
strengths, and levels) on summer precipitation simulations and associated
meteorological variables were evaluated over the TP. The results show that
using a conventional continuous integration method with a single
initialization is likely to result in the over-forecasting of precipitation
events and the over-forecasting of horizontal wind speeds over the TP. In
particular, model simulations show clear improvements in their
representations of downscaled precipitation intensity and its diurnal
variations, atmospheric temperature, and water vapor when spectral nudging is
applied towards the horizontal wind and geopotential height rather than
towards the potential temperature and water vapor mixing ratio. This
altering of the spectral nudging method not only reduces the wet bias of
water vapor in the lower troposphere of the ERA-Interim reanalysis (when it
is used as the driving field) but also alleviates the cold bias of
atmospheric temperatures in the upper troposphere, while maintaining the
accuracy of horizontal wind features for the regional model field. The
conclusions of this study imply how driving field errors affect model
simulations, and these results may improve the reliability of RCM results
used to study the long-term regional climate change.
A Bayesian approach to understanding the key factors influencing temporal variability in stream water quality – a case study in the Great Barrier Reef catchments
Authors: Liu Shuci , Ryu Dongryeol , Webb J. Angus , Lintern Anna , Guo Danlu , Waters David , Western Andrew W.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Stream water quality is highly variable both across space and time. Water quality monitoring programmes have collected a large amount of data that
provide a good basis for investigating the key drivers of spatial and temporal variability. Event-based water quality monitoring data in the Great Barrier Reef catchments in northern Australia provide an opportunity to further our understanding of water quality dynamics in subtropical and
tropical regions. This study investigated nine water quality constituents, including sediments, nutrients and salinity, with the aim of (1) identifying the influential environmental drivers of temporal variation in flow event concentrations and (2) developing a modelling framework
to predict the temporal variation in water quality at multiple sites simultaneously. This study used a hierarchical Bayesian model averaging
framework to explore the relationship between event concentration and catchment-scale environmental variables (e.g. runoff, rainfall and
groundcover conditions). Key factors affecting the temporal changes in water quality varied among constituent concentrations and between
catchments. Catchment rainfall and runoff affected in-stream particulate constituents, while catchment wetness and vegetation cover had more impact
on dissolved nutrient concentration and salinity. In addition, in large dry catchments, antecedent catchment soil moisture and vegetation had a
large influence on dissolved nutrients, which highlights the important effect of catchment hydrological connectivity on pollutant mobilisation and
delivery.
A note on leveraging synergy in multiple meteorological data sets with deep learning for rainfall–runoff modeling
Authors: Kratzert Frederik , Klotz Daniel , Hochreiter Sepp , Nearing Grey S.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. A deep learning rainfall–runoff model can take multiple meteorological forcing products as input and learn to combine them in spatially and temporally dynamic ways. This is demonstrated with Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) trained over basins in the continental US, using the Catchment Attributes and Meteorological data set for Large Sample Studies (CAMELS). Using meteorological input from different data products (North American Land Data Assimilation System, NLDAS, Maurer, and Daymet) in a single LSTM significantly improved simulation accuracy relative to using only individual meteorological products. A sensitivity analysis showed that the LSTM combines precipitation products in different ways, depending on location, and also in different ways for the simulation of different parts of the hydrograph.
Die bayerischen Gletscher, die verbliebenen Eisreserven Deutschlands
Authors: Mayer Christoph , Weber Markus , Wendt Anja , Hagg Wilfried
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Gletscher gibt es in Deutschland nur in dem sehr kleinen Alpenanteil und
dort nur an wenigen, für die Eismassen günstigen Stellen. Diese
Gletscher sind vermutlich keine Relikte der letzten Eiszeit, sondern Reste
der kühleren Phasen der letzten Jahrhunderte. Trotzdem ging von diesen
verbliebenen Eisreserven seit dem Beginn der touristischen Erschließung
der Alpen eine große Faszination aus, da sie teilweise vom Tal aus zu
sehen, oder verhältnismäßig leicht zu erreichen waren. Selbst
heute noch kann man auf dem nördlichen Schneeferner den einzigen
Gletscherskilift in Deutschland erleben, wenngleich auch dort die
Gletscherflächen erheblich zurückgegangen sind. Die frühe
Aufmerksamkeit führte auch dazu, dass es viele historische Dokumente
über diese Gletscher gibt und so zumindest ihre Veränderung seit dem
Ende der kleinen Eiszeit gut dokumentiert ist. Heute sind fast alle der
bayerischen Gletscher am Rande ihrer Existenz und es ist nur eine Frage der
Zeit, bis der deutsche Alpenraum eisfrei wird. Wir versuchen mit diesem
Beitrag die Entwicklung der Gletscher seit den ersten Untersuchungen zu
dokumentieren.
Factors Associated with Stunting in Children Aged 0-24 Months : Studies in Sukaluyu, Karawang, Indonesia (Citarum Project)
Authors: Perdana Silvia Mawarti , Ekasari Afrinia
Published: May 2021

The period of early life (0-24 months) is a golden period of growth and development that determines the quality of health in the next age. Double malnutrition, including stunting, at the early life will inhibit the growth and development, also increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the next stages of life. Methods: This study was aimed to analyze prevalence and factors associated with stunting in children aged 0-24 months in Sukaluyu, Karawang, Indonesia (Citarum Project). A cross sectional study was conducted in 130 childrens aged 0-24 months during oktober-november 2018 in Sukaluyu Village, Karawang District, Indonesia (sector 17 of citarum harum project). The data were collected by questionnaires and anthropometric assessment. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the association between birth weight, early breastfeeding initiation, breast milk, and hygiene and healthy lifestyle. Results: The prevalence of stunting (length/height for age z-scores < -2.0) among children was 20% (male 58%, female 42%). Factor associated with stunting among children was breast milk (p<0.05), meanwhile for birth weight, early breastfeeding initiation, and hygiene and healthy lifestyle are not associated. Conclusions: This study found that stunting can be prevented through exclusive breastfeeding (until 6 months) and continued for up to 2 years with giving complementary feeding.
The role of microbiome in colorectal carcinogenesis and its clinical potential as a target for cancer treatment
Authors: Kim Sang Hoon , Lim Yun Jeong
Published: May 2021

The role of gut microbiome-intestinal immune complex in the development of colorectal cancer and its progression is well recognized. Accordingly, certain microbial strains tend to colonize or vanish in patients with colorectal cancer. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are expected to exhibit both anti-tumor effects and chemopreventive effects during cancer treatment through mechanisms such as xenometabolism, immune interactions, and altered eco-community. Microbial modulation can also be safely used to prevent complications during peri-operational periods of colorectal surgery. A deeper understanding of the role of intestinal microbiota as a target for colorectal cancer treatment will lead the way to a better prognosis for colorectal cancer patients.
A nationwide analysis on the influence of obesity in inflammatory bowel disease hospitalizations
Authors: Dahiya Dushyant Singh , Kichloo Asim , Wani Farah , Singh Jagmeet , Solanki Dhanshree , Shaka Hafeez
Published: May 2021

Background/Aims: Proinflammatory cytokines released from adipocytes can influence the development, progression, and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and may be associated with worse clinical outcomes. Methods: For 2016–2018, we analyzed data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to identify adult (≥18 years) hospitalizations with a primary discharge diagnosis of IBD. The study sample was divided based on the presence or absence of obesity. The primary outcomes included inpatient mortality, while the secondary outcomes consisted of system-based complications and disease implications on the United States healthcare system.Results: We identified 282,005 hospitalizations of IBD from 2016 to 2018. Of these hospitalizations, 26,465 (9.4%) had a secondary diagnosis of obesity while 255,540 (90.6%) served as controls. IBD hospitalizations with obesity had a higher mean age (47.9 years vs. 45.2 years, P<0.001), middle age (range, 40–65 years) predominance (37.7% vs. 28.9%, P<0.001), female predominance (64.1% vs. 52.5%, P<0.001) and higher proportion of patients with comorbidities compared to the non-obese cohort. White predominance was observed in both subgroups. No difference in the odds of inpatient mortality was noted between the 2 subgroups; however, IBD hospitalizations with obesity had higher mean total hospital charge ($50,126 vs. $45,001, P<0.001), longer length of stay (5.5 days vs. 4.9 days, P<0.001) and higher proportion of complications compared to the non-obese cohort.Conclusions: Obese IBD hospitalizations had higher length of stay, total hospital charge, and complications compared to the non-obese cohort.
中美贸易战对福建服装出口的影响及对策分析
Authors: 骆 艳蓉 , 周 彩艳
Published: May 2021

2019年5月10日美国政府再次加征关税，对中国出口美国的2,000亿美元清单商品加征的关税税率由10%提升至25%，这份清单几乎覆盖了中国服装行业对美出口的全部纺织服装产品，总额约450亿美元。福建省作为中国服装生产大省，且服装是其主要出口商品，在中美贸易战下福建省服装出口将会面临很大的挑战。福建省无论是政府、服装行业还是出口企业都应该防范于未然，提前准备好应对措施，使福建服装出口在面对他国挑起贸易争端时能够从容应对。
不良资产证券化：发展现状、问题与建议
Authors: 杨 迪川
Published: May 2021

2016年我国重启不良资产证券化以来，不良资产证券化虽然总体有所发展，但是发展速度仍然比较缓慢。本文首先回顾2016-2019年我国不良资产证券化的发展现状，之后探讨我国不良资产证券化发展缓慢的症结所在，最后提出发展不良资产证券化的政策建议。
PREDIKSI KASUS COVID-19 DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE BACKPROPAGATION DAN REGRESI LINEAR
Authors: Wahyudin Wahyudin , Purwanto Heri
Published: May 2021

The emergence of COVID-19 first attacked humans in Wuhan, China, while in Indonesia itself, it began to attack on March 2, 2020 when two people were confirmed positive. From these cases every day has a relatively significant increase. The corona virus is spreading very quickly, therefore the WHO or the World Health Organization decided that the COVID-19s will become a pandemic off March 11, 2020. The corona virus is rising very fast, so immediate response is needed. The corona virus can easily spread and can attack humans regardless of age. Seeing the rapid spread of the virus, finally the governments of some countries have decided to impose a lockdown. Until now, we have not found a drug or vaccine that can be used to overcome the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The purpose of this research is to be able to estimate the number of active cases in the addition of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. This research will be tried using Backpropagation and Linear Regression methods. The results of prediction of active cases with Backpropagation gave the results of additions and decreases that were not too significant, while the results of prediction of active cases with Linear Regression showed that the addition of cases for each day experienced an increase in active cases.
IMPLEMENASI BLOCK ACCESS PENGGUNA LAYANAN INTERNET DENGAN METODE FILTER RULE dan LAYER 7 PROTOCOL
Authors: Ali Machrus , Latifah Fitri
Published: May 2021

PT MNC Televisi Network (Inews) merupakan stasiun tv swasta yang jaringannya menggunakan topologi tree. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan di PT MNC Televisi Network ini akan memaanfatkan fitur fitur yang ada pada router Mikrotik untuk mengatasi permasalahan keamanan jaringan di PT MNC Televisi Network. Dengan berkembangnya zaman akses internet yang disediakan oleh tempat kerja memunculkan masalah terkait penggunaan internet untuk kepentingan pribadi, seperti bermain game online pada saat bekerja atau bermain sosial media. Untuk menangani permasalahan ini peneliti  memblokir trafic – tarfic dari situs2 yang tidak ada hubungan nya dengan kinerja perusahaan itu dengan menggunakan fitur yang ada pada router Mikrotik yaitu filter rule dan filter layer 7 protokol. Dan menambahkan hotspot untuk memonitoring akses wifi yang ada di perusahaan. Dengan di manfaatkannya beberapa fitur yang ada di router Mikrotik bisa membuat jam kerja di PT MNC Televisi Network lebih teratur dan membuat para karyawan tidak lagi bermain game online dan sosial media di jam kerja. Dengan tidak adanya karyawan bermain game online dan sosial media dapat memaksimalkan  efektifitas waktu dalam bekerja

Kata kunci: Mikrotik,Filter layer 7 protokol,Filter rule
ANALISA PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI KEUANGAN ONLINE SEBAGAI MEDIA UNTUK MENGELOLA ATAU MEMANAJEMEN KEUANGAN
Authors: Fitriani Yuni
Published: May 2021

Abstract:

The existence of information technology provides many benefits in many aspects of life, especially if we are able to maximize the use of such technology, one of which is the emergence of online financial management applications as a medium to manage or manage finance both personal and business finance. This online financial application makes it very easy to plan budgets and record expenses as well as to make financial statements. In this study, online financial applications include financial applications that help manage personal or individual finances, families as well as businesses such as online financial applications Bukukas, BukuWarung, Keuanganku and Money Lover. The research method used in this study is a semi descriptive quantitative method. Where the purpose in this research is to explain the utilization of online financial applications as a medium for managing and managing finance. Online financial applications such as BukuKas, BukuWarung, FInansialku and also Money Lover proved very useful in managing or managing personal finances or individuals, families and also UMKM well, namely in terms of managing income, expenses, investments, receivables and financial statements. In addition, it is more effective and efficient also in terms of financial management time by using the online financial application.
PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, CSR, DAN STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Yudha Agam Mei
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine how much influence Intellectual Capital, Company Size, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and Ownership Structure have on the Company's Financial Performance in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX in 2015-2019 . This study uses secondary data. The method used in this research is pane l data regression analysis . This study used 34 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2015 to 2019 which were used as samples. The sample technique in this study used purposive sampling, namely the determination of the sample using certain criteria. Data processing is done with tools Eviews. From this research, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) There is a positive and significant influence between Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance . (2) There is a positive and significant influence between Company Size on Financial Performance . (3) There is a negative and significant influence between Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance . (4) There is a negative and significant influence between Ownership Structure on Financial Performance . (5) There is a positive and significant influence between Intellectual Capital , Company Size, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Ownership Structure simultaneously on financial performance.
Cytomorphology of Hydatid Cyst: Two Case Reports
Authors: Sarohi Monica , Mohindroo Shobha , Rao Manju
Published: May 2021

Hydatid disease is a parasitic disease caused by larvae of Echinococcus. The disease is distributed worldwide. However there are very few reports on cytology findings of hydatid disease as FNA in such cases is contraindicated. Usually hydatid disease is diagnosed on histopathology, but recently fine needle aspiration cytology of hydatid cyst is emerging and is still an issue of debate that whether it can cause dissemination of parasite in the body or not . Due to fewer studies on cytology it poses a problem in diagnosing hydatid disease on cytology. We present two case reports of hydatid cyst on cytology.

Keywords: Hydatid cyst, Hydatid disease, Echinococcus larvae.
A Community Based Study to Identify the Reasons for Non-Adherence in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: S Satish , Jose Manju , Shabaraya A R
Published: May 2021

WHO describes adherence as ''the extent to which a person's behaviour taking medication, following a diet, and / or executing lifestyle changes-corresponds with agreed recommendations from a health care provider. Poor adherence to prescribed regimens can cause serious health complications.
Objective: To identify the reasons for non-adherence in hypertensive patients using validated questionnaire from literature.
Methodology: A prospective cross sectional study was carried out in Mangalore in Karnataka from September 2019 to March 2020. Hypertensive patients were selected and interviewed with validated questionnaire from literature to assess their medication adherence and reasons for non-adherence. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel.
Results: 150 subjects participated in the study among which 45.3% were males and 54.6% were females. The most common reasons for non-adherence were forgetfulness (62.6%), travels (36.6%), drugs out of supply (26.6%) and relief from symptoms (18%).
Conclusion: The affordability of medicines is also one of the main factors for medication non-adherence. According to our study, only a negligible population of subjects has affirmed medication expenses as the reason for non-adherence. Gender difference had no much significant in medication adherence also social habits since study population does not include much alcoholics or smokers and hence the correlation cannot be analysed. The factors driving patients’ adherence to medications are multifactorial. Common barriers to adherence are under the patient's control, so that attention to them is a necessary and important step in improving adherence.

Keywords: Medication adherence, Hypertension.
Parasitic and Microbial Infestations of Fruits Sold at Otuoke, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: C.O. Ezenwaka , C.C. Amuzie
Published: May 2021

Fruits and vegetables have numerous health importance but can act as vehicles in the transmission of foodborne diseases of public health importance. This research examined the presence of parasites and microbial organisms on fruits sold at Otuoke community, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria using six fruits types, including pineapple (Ananas comosus), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), lime (Citrus aurantiifolia), garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum), guava (Psidium guajava) and orange (Citrus sinensis). The parasites were concentrated by sedimentation and were examined using a light microscope. The result of the study showed the presence of cysts of Cryptosporidium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica, eggs of Fasciola hepatica, Ascaris lumbricoides and larva of Strongyloides stercoralis. Five out of the 6 fruits types examined were infested with at least one type of parasites. Ascaris lumbricoides (33.33%) was the most frequently detected parasite and was found on the pineapple, guava and oranges fruits. Fruit types were not significantly associated with parasitic contamination (p > 0.005). Bacteria isolated from the fruits included Lactobacillus sp., Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was isolated in all the sampled fruits types. The total count was determined by pour plate method using MacConkey agar. Total viable bacteria count (TBC) ranged from 21.9 x 105cfu/ml to 7.27 x 105cfu/ml. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Mucor spp.. and Fusarium spp were the isolated fungi species. A high number of these microorganisms in fruits and vegetables can lead to public health emergencies. Risk reduction can be achieved through personal and food hygiene by the fruit sellers and consumers. Further studies should be conducted to address the effect of seasonal variation on the infestation of the fruits sold in this area.