bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning about the Meanings of Ambiguous Words: Evidence from a Word-Meaning Priming Paradigm with Short Narratives
Authors: Blott Lena Maria , Hartopp Oliver , Nation Kate , Rodd Jennifer M
Published: January 2022

Fluent language comprehension requires people to rapidly activate and integrate context-appropriate word meanings. This process is challenging for meanings of ambiguous words that are comparatively lower in frequency (e.g. the “bird” meaning of “crane”). Priming experiments have shown that recent experience makes such subordinate (less frequent) word meanings more readily available at the next encounter. These experiments used lists of unconnected sentences in which each ambiguity was disambiguated locally by neighbouring words. In natural language, however, disambiguation may occur via more distant contextual cues, embedded in longer, connected communicative contexts. In the present experiment, participants (N=51) listened to 3-sentence narratives that ended in an ambiguous prime. Cues to disambiguation were relatively distant from the prime; the first sentence of each narrative established a situational context congruent with the subordinate meaning of the prime, but the remainder of the narrative did not provide disambiguating information. Following a short delay, primed subordinate meanings were more readily available (compared with an unprimed control), as assessed by responses in a word-association task related to the primed meaning . This work confirms that listeners reliably disambiguate spoken ambiguous words on the basis of cues from wider narrative contexts, and that they retain information about the outcome of these disambiguation processes to inform subsequent encounters of the same word form.
Climate Change Anxiety Focus Groups: Executive Summary
Authors: Lies Trevor Scott , Adams Glenn , Aaron Sami , Gilbert Barbara , Arbogast Alison , Fulton Nathan , Morin Halie , Vallejo Alyssia
Published: January 2022

During the year 2020, we were considering the problem of climate change anxiety in the Lawrence, Kansas, and Kansas City metro areas. In September of 2020, we partnered to conduct focus groups with environmentally engaged participants to understand their experience of climate change anxiety. We conducted 14 semi-structured focus groups with 46 community members to understand their emotions, behaviors, and perceptions of community in light of the climate crisis. We asked participants, many of whom were local environmental activists, to engage in a group discussion via Zoom videoconference which lasted between 60 and 90 minutes. After the discussion, we sent participants a brief survey. This executive summary is a preliminary report of the findings of that investigation. We present charts detailing participants’ responses to the focus group questions, followed by select excerpts from the conversations and some statistical relationships of interest.
Remote Access Security: Optimum Strategy and Solutions for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Eziukwu Ugochi Ebere
Published: January 2022

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are depending more on their ICT framework however they do not possess the ability to direct it reasonably because of monetary impediments, limited assets, and insufficient specialized expertise. A sizeable number of SME executives expect that ICT security per remote access in their organizations is only like introducing a firewall and refreshing the antivirus program as frequently on a case by case basis. Remote access initiatives, against hacking systems and approaches, remote access controls, and numerous other related aspects are only investigated solely after security breaches. To improve remote access security in an organization comprehensively, four aspects including organizational, work process, data, and technical aspects must be figured out. With SMEs’ limited spending plans and more requirements for remote employees, it is exceptionally evident that they will remain easy prey for attackers since they cannot bear the cost of the typical secure remote access technologies and solutions. This paper explored a more ideal solution that will fit into the usual SME low remote access security financial plans but at the same time sufficiently powerful to protect them from digital and other IT attacks.
How Much Do We Value Future Generations? Climate Change, Debt, and Attitudes towards Policies for Improving Future Lives
Authors: Fairbrother Malcolm , Arrhenius Gustaf , Bykvist Krister , Campbell Timothy
Published: January 2022

Do people care much about future generations? Moral philosophers argue that we should, but it is not clear that laypeople agree. Humanity’s thus-far inadequate efforts to address climate change, for example, could be taken as a sign that people are unconcerned about the well-being of future generations. An alternative explanation is that the lack of action is due to public scepticism about climate policies’ effectiveness, rather than the discounting of future lives per se. Based on surveys and survey experiments with representative samples of respondents in four countries—Sweden, Spain, South Korea, and China—we find that most people say they care about future generations, and would even be willing to reduce their standard of living so that people can enjoy better lives in the future. Many do not, however, support policies for reducing either global warming or the national debt—both of which would impose a net cost on current generations for the benefit of future generations. We show that a significant part of the public’s apparent lack of concern for future generations is actually due to disbelief or distrust in the likely benefits of government actions.
Effect of PGPR bacteria on growth and content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of tomato plants
Authors: D.R. Maslennikova , Chubukova O.V. , Vershinina Z.R. , Emelina A.A. , Nasyrova K.R. , Khakimova L.R. , Mikhaylova E.V.
Published: January 2022

The dry biomass of plants and the content of pigments in the leaves of tomato cultivar Gruntovy Gribovskiy 1180 were analyzed 30 days after inoculation with growth-stimulating bacterial strains Pseudomonas sp. 2.4.1 and Stenotrophomonas sp. 2.13. It was revealed that the Pseudomonas sp. 2.4.1 strain stimulated the accumulation of plant biomass more efficiently than Stenotrophomonas sp. 2.13, which positively correlated with an increase in the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids in tomato leaves. Thus, the content of pigments in plants can serve as a marker of the effectiveness of associative symbiosis between tomato plants and various microorganisms.
Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat untuk Meningkatkan Konsep Diri Pasien Skizofrenia
Authors: Apriliyanti Rosa , Saptyasari Andria , Puspa S Ratih
Published: January 2022

Pasien skizofrenia memiliki stigma dan konsep diri negatif di mata masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komunikasi terapeutik yang dilakukan  perawat pada pasien yang memiliki penyakit psikologis  skizofrenia agar dapat meningkatkan konsep diri secara lebih positif. Metode penelitian conversation analysis digunakan untuk menganalisis percakapan antara perawat dan pasien skizofrenia sehingga semua interaksi verbal dan nonverbal di antara mereka secara detail. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam percakapan atau komunikasi terapeutik setiap perawat memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda pada giliran bicara (turn-taking), urutan berbicara (sequences), perbaikan (repair) dan pilihan (preference), selain itu pada penelitian ini juga ditemukan bahwa masing-masing perawat memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda dari aspek verbal maupun non verbal dalam penggunaan 5 komponen pada komunikasi terapeutik untuk meningkatkan konsep diri pasien. Dalam penerapan komunikasi terapeutik komponen kepercayaan adalah komponen yang paling dominan digunakan oleh perawat untuk meningkatkan konsep diri pasien. Perbedaan penerapan komunikasi terapeutik tersebut juga dipengaruhi latar belakang perawat, kemampuan perawat dalam komunikasi terapeutik, keterbukaan pasien dan juga lama durasi perawatan pasien.
The Rise of K-Popper's Political Awareness in Twitter and What It Means for All of Us
Authors: Fadillah Dani , Wibowo Arif Ardy , Hariyati Nunik , Jandevi Uspal
Published: January 2022

The Omnibus Law, which was passed on October 5, 2020, has discontented students and workers who protested on the streets. The ratification of the Omnibus Law has an effect on public opinion-raising activities, both those who support and who reject the ratification of the Omnibus Law, are crowded on Twitter social media. The active account of K-Poppers who took part became a line against the opinion of the Omnibus Law, so a question arises whether this is a phenomenon of the rise of political awareness of K-Poppers in Indonesia? This study analyzes the role of K-Poppers in socio-political movements in several countries globally, especially in Indonesia. The type of research used is a case study of the K-Poppers movement in the case of the ratification of the Omnibus Law as the subject in writing this paper. Collecting data using Social Network Analysis (SNA) and observing the activities of K-Poppers in Indonesia when parliament passed the controversial Omnibus Law. The results of this study indicate that Indonesian K-Poppers maximize their function as part of Indonesian citizens to express their political stance. They also showed their political involvement when creating hashtags, organizing other K-Pop crowds, and at the same time providing support to activists who rejected the Omnibus Law.
Pattern of acquisition of hospital-associated pathogens in the ICU of an academic tertiary care hospital
Authors: Damji Shazia , Perrott Jerrold , Shajari Salomeh , Grant Jennifer , Wong Titus , Harbin Megan
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Among hospitalized patients, a 48-hour window from time of hospitalization defines nosocomial infections and guides empiric antibiotic selection. This time frame may lead to overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Our primary objective was to determine the earliest and median time since hospital admission to acquire antibiotic-resistant pathogens among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of an academic, tertiary care hospital. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was conducted for adult patients admitted to the ICU from home or another hospital within the same health authority in 2018, to identify the time to acquisition of hospital-associated pathogens: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Enterobacterales, non-ESBL ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Patients transferred from hospitals outside the health authority, admitted to ICU after 14 days of hospitalization, who were solid organ or bone marrow transplant recipients, or who were otherwise immunocompromised were excluded. RESULTS: In 2018, 1,343 patients were admitted to this ICU; 820 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 121 (14.76%) acquired a hospital-associated pathogen in the ICU. The probability of isolating a hospital-associated pathogen by 48 hours of hospital admission was 3%. The earliest time to isolate any of these pathogens was 29 hours, and the median was 9 days (interquartile range [IQR] 3.8–15.6 days). CONCLUSIONS: Most patients (85.3%) in this ICU never acquired a hospital-associated pathogen. The median time to acquire a hospital-associated pathogen among the remaining patients suggests that initiating empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics on the basis of a 48-hour threshold may be premature.
Reconceptualización de la práctica docente desde el ABP, en la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
Authors: Salmorán Edgar Fidel Lozano
Published: January 2022

El trabajo analizó testimonios pedagógicos a partir de procesos de auto-reflexión y reflexión entre pares, que docentes-tutores del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP), manifestaron en sesiones de un curso de actualización, con base en su quehacer profesional y su comprensión, desarrollo e implementación de esta metodología de aprendizaje en la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), de la Universidad de Colima. Como método de investigación se usó la investigación-acción, se aplicaron entrevistas y se coordinó un curso que actualizó a 10 docentes-tutores como muestra del estudio, cuyos testimonios fueron registrados en un diario de campo. Los datos obtenidos se trataron con la perspectiva teórica del análisis temático, bajo una posición narrativo-descriptiva. Los principales hallazgos destacan que, después de un proceso personal y al mismo tiempo de reflexión colectiva, los participantes identificaron aspectos para reconceptualizar su práctica docente y resignificar al ABP como método de enseñanza acorde con la propuesta curricular. El proceso de investigación también generó cambios en el tutor encargado de coordinar el proyecto, pues desarrolló una postura crítica ante el ABP para incidir sobre problemáticas signadas por prácticas tradicionales en el manejo de esta metodología y proponer una nueva forma de construir significados en torno a una problemática educativa en el plantel.
Políticas de Assistência Estudantil, no Contexto da Pandemia da Covid-19, para Permanência Discente
Authors: Cunha Maria Soares , Teixeira Danyelle de Lima , Pimentel Álamo , Aquino Francisco José Alves de
Published: January 2022

Entendemos que a educação é um dos mais importantes fatores que contribuem com a mobilidade social ascendente, pois havendo acesso à educação de qualidade o cidadão torna-se capaz de intervir de forma crítica e qualificada na sociedade, podendo, assim, reconstruir a sua realidade. Considerando a relevância da análise de políticas públicas, o objetivo geral deste estudo é identificar, na percepção dos(as) estudantes, as contribuições das políticas de assistência estudantil no IF Baiano, campus Teixeira de Freitas para a permanência no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, em que os resultados foram obtidos a partir do formulário eletrônico aplicado a um grupo de estudantes em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, beneficiados(as) no ano de 2021, em plena pandemia devido à Covid-19. Busca-se identificar, assim, como a política de assistência estudantil contribui com a inclusão social, permanência e êxito destes(as) estudantes. A análise constante das políticas públicas melhora a gestão, valorizando a visão dos beneficiários, com o intuito de melhorar a política. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que a Política Pública de Assistência Estudantil do IF Baiano se aperfeiçoou e está em sua terceira versão, necessitando se reinventar devido ao contexto pandêmico. Assim, a assistência estudantil, mesmo com seus entraves, tem atendido aos seus objetivos, contribuindo com a inclusão, permanência e êxito.
Os desafios do Ensino na Educação Profissional
Authors: Souza Ana Cláudia Ribeiro de , Comarú Michele Waltz
Published: January 2022

Muito se discute sobre os chamados novos cenários de aprendizagem, tanto no que se refere à sala de aula, ao cenário formal da educação, como também ao cenário não-formal, no âmbito do mundo do trabalho, no caso da educação profissional. Neste artigo, as editoras deste dossiê temático, Ensino e Educação Profissional, apresentam os mais diversos artigos, ora publicados neste início do ano de 2022. Desse modo, os artigos são identificados pelo seus títulos e autores. Ensino e Educação Profissional são conceitos que se entrelaçam nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Profissional e Tecnológica, e diversas das pesquisas deste Dossiê encontram neste lócus o seu espaço de discussão. Criar caminhos diferentes, desenvolver práticas pedagógicas para que os processos de aprendizagem sejam cada vez mais atrativos, no entanto mais do que isso, condizentes com a realidade posta na atualidade, e efetivos em sua totalidade é o grande desafio da pesquisa em Educação Profissional hoje, e que é aqui apresentado. Desejamos ótima leitura a todos os leitores.
TÜRK EĞİTİM TARİHİNDE OTANTİK ÖĞRENME
Authors: İNEÇ Zekeriya Fatih
Published: January 2022

Yapılandırmacı eğitim anlayışı çerçevesinde öğrenme ortamları çeşitli öğretim stratejileriyle tasarlanmaktadır. Bu süreçte başvurulan stratejilerden biri de otantik öğrenmedir. Gerçek dünya bağlamında öğrenmeyi sağlayan otantik öğrenme bu yönüyle diğer öğretim stratejilerinden ayrılmaktadır. Ülkemizde otantik öğrenme üzerine çeşitli bilimsel çalışmalar yapılmakta, uygulamalar geliştirilmekte ancak bu yaklaşımın temellerini somut örneklerle ortaya koyacak bir çalışma ise henüz bulunmamaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada mevcut literatürde otantik öğrenme olarak ifade edilen ancak temelleri çok eski dönemlere dayanan bu yaklaşıma ait temel uygulamaların ve materyallerin Türk eğitim tarihi literatüründen tespit edilip değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma bu çerçevede önemli olup Türklerin siyasi anlamda teşkilatlanmaya başladıkları milattan önceki dönemlerden itibaren Hun Devleti (Hiung-nu), Göktürk Kağanlığı, Uygur Kağanlığı, Karahanlı Devleti, Gazneli Devleti, Büyük Selçuklu Devleti, Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti ile Osmanlı Devleti’nde kullanılan öğrenme ve öğretim uygulamalarını, stratejilerini ve materyallerini temel alarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada bu amaç doğrultusunda tarama modeliyle tasarlanan ve retrospektif bir bakış açısıyla yürütülen zamansal bir tarama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, otantik öğrenmenin ve öğretim uygulamalarının, stratejilerinin ve materyallerinin Türk eğitim tarihinin başlangıcıyla birlikte kullanıldığını, hatta değerler eğitiminde özellikle yararlanılan bir yaklaşım olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca meslek edindirmede ve gerçek hayata hazırlamada otantik öğrenmenin öncelikle başvurulan bir öğrenme stratejisi olarak görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Ulaşılan bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda araştırmacılara, akademisyenlere ve eğitimcilere çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
ГРОМАДЯНСЬКА САМОІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ ЗАХІДНОЇ УКРАЇНИ (1992–2021)
Authors: Ляшенко Олексій
Published: January 2022

У статті аналізується соціокультурна і громадянська самоідентифікація жителів України, її регіональні відмінності, зокрема особливості громадянської самоідентифікації населення західного регіону України. Показники громадянської самоідентифікації дорослого населення країни є важливими якісно-кількісними характеристиками розвитку української нації як на регіональному і загальнодержавному рівнях, так і у контексті євроінтеграційної політики України.
Переважаючими ідентичностями населення України в цілому є національно-державна, а також локальна. Упродовж існування незалежної України виділяється три етапи піднесення національно-громадянської ідентичності, межі між якими чітко співпадають із двома біфуркаційними кризами (Майданами) у 2004–2005 рр. та 2013–2014 рр..
Західна Україна посідає особливе місце з поміж решти макрорегіонів України. Зокрема цей регіон вирізняють такі чинники: 1) він одним із останніх (після включення Закарпаття після Другої Світової війни) оформився територіально, як цілісний макрорегіон України; 2) Захід України є макрорегіоном України, у кількох адміністративних одиницях якого (Закарпатська і Чернівецька області) є райони компактного проживання національних меншин (угорської та румунської); 3) регіон має важливе геополітичне значення, як простір через який здійснюється комунікація Заходу і Сходу Європи; 4) потужний політичний потенціал Західної України, обумовлений глибокими демократичними традиціями, пов'язаними з австро-угорським, чехословацьким та польським парламентаризмом, структурованістю суспільства за політичними орієнтаціями, його достатньою організованістю.
Переважаючими ідентичностями населення Західної України є національно-державна та локальна. Особливістю Західної України є помітно виразніша порівняно з іншими регіонами і по країні в цілому національно-державна ідентичність упродовж усього періоду Незалежності, а також цілковите зникнення залишкової «пострадянської» ідентичності, місце якої упевнено посіла етнічна самоідентифікація.
Попри задекларований державою курс на євроінтеграцію і значне просування у цьому напрямку, європейська ідентичність не є першочерговою для жителів жодного регіону України, у тому числі й західного. За співвідношенням української і європейської ідентичностей Західна Україна підтвердила своє реноме чи не найбільш україноцентричного макрорегіону України.
РЕГІОНАЛЬНА ПОЛІТИЧНА ЕЛІТА ЛЬВІВЩИНИ: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ (1990–2019 РР.)
Authors: Ясінська Аліна
Published: January 2022

У статті досліджено особливості становлення регіональної політичної еліти Львівщини у період з 1990 р. до 2019 р. Основну увагу зосереджено на трьох завданнях: кого варто відносити до категорії «політичної еліти» Львівщини; які основні шляхи її формування, починаючи з періоду становлення України як держави і до сучасного етапу; якою є кількісна оцінка політичної еліти Львівщини.
Зокрема, було визначено, кого варто вважати політичною елітою регіону. За допомогою, використаного у дослідженні, методу позиційного аналізу, було класифіковано регіональну політичну еліту на формальну та неформальну. Визначено, що формальна політична еліта займає певні посади у владній вертикалі, що формалізує її причетність до прийняття політичних рішень. Натомість неформальна еліта представлена особами, які не займаючи керівних посад, формують певний тип відносин з масами, посідають вагоме місце у процесі прийняття важливих рішень та впливають на здійснення політичної влади в регіоні завдяки ресурсам, якими вони володіють (фінансовий капітал, авторитет, доступ до формування суспільної думки та маніпулювання нею тощо).
Проаналізовано процес оновлення львівської формальної політичної еліти починаючи з 1990 р. та виявлено, що саме в цей період у регіоні спостерігаються зародки демократичних процесів та перехід до багатопартійності. Помічено, що досить часто регіональна політична еліта Львівщини використовувала представницькі органи області як стартовий майданчик для подальшого кар’єрного росту, що призводило до постійного руху та припливу нових обличь.
Досліджено, що серед неформальної політичної еліти найбільш потужною групою можна вважати бізнес-еліту, яка окрім фінансових важелів впливу часто використовує також маніпулювання громадською думкою через доступ до медіа-ресурсів. Відзначено, що оновлення в цій групі еліти відбувається значно повільніше, ніж серед формальної політичної еліти.
Окремо йдеться про кількісну оцінку регіональної політичної еліти Львівщини. Оскільки про конкретні кількісні підрахунки говорити важко, зазначено, що до цієї категорії можна віднести як відносно невелику когорту осіб (від кількох сотень), які контролюють більшість ресурсів та нав’язали міцні зв’язки на регіональному та загальнодержавному рівнях, так і значно розширити її кількістю осіб (до тисячі двохсот), серед яких найвпливовіші політики (народні депутати України), очільники та депутати місцевих рад, керівництво ОДА та її департаментів, голови регіональних організацій політичних партій та основні неформальні лідери в регіоні.
РОЗВИТОК КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ У ФАХІВЦІВ З ДОКУМЕНТОЗНАВСТВА ТА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЯК ЗАПОРУКА УСПІШНОЇ КАР’ЄРИ
Authors: Зленко Алла , Мірошніченко Денис
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто особливості формування комунікативної компетентності у фахівців з документознавства та інформаційної діяльності, а також зазначено, що сучасний ринок праці висуває якісно нові вимоги до фахівців документознавчо-інформаційної сфери. Вказано, що роботодавці прагнуть отримати «сформованого» фахівця, здатного креативно мислити, компетентно виконувати професійні функції, зокрема з документаційного та бездокументаційного забезпечення управління. До того ж особливості роботи фахівця передбачають постійне самовдосконалення та саморозвиток, навчання протягом усього життя, покращення своїх Hard і Soft skills. Зауважено, що усі зазначені вище чинники вимагають переосмислення підходів до підготовки фахівців з документознавства та інформаційної діяльності в умовах університетської освіти та самоосвіти. Нові віяння часу вимагають від фахівців з документознавства та інформаційної діяльності високого рівня готовності до роботи з великим масивом документів та інформації, ухвалення обґрунтованих рішень у короткі терміни, ділової комунікації, забезпечення захисту інтересів людини, держави, суспільства щодо отримання всебічної, об’єктивної інформації. Доведено, що набуття навичок комунікативної компетентності – важлива складова професійної підготовки фахівців з документознавства та інформаційної діяльності. Фахівцям з документознавства та інформаційної діяльності мають бути властиві такі якості як комунікативність, відкритість, повага до чужої точки зору, уміння слухати і чути, стриманість, тактовність, вихованість, володіння словом тощо. У висновках констатовано, що професійну комунікативну культуру неможливо запровадити авторитарними методами. Фахівців з документознавства та інформаційної діяльності до цього процесу потрібно залучати під час професійної підготовки, навчання та підвищення кваліфікації.
What Practice Issues Over 25 Years Most Interest Registered Dietitians? Survey and Interview Results
Authors: Brauer Paula , Bull Jacqueline , Nieuwhof Katelyn , Kirsh Aleah J. , Dietrich Linda , Simpson Janis Randall , Wyatt Marlene
Published: January 2022

Dietetics has changed substantially; a mixed-methods project was undertaken to: (i) gauge interest in the profession history since 1993, (ii) identify preferred format(s), (iii) identify possible topics, and (iv) identify possible key informants. An online bilingual survey was conducted in 2018, with follow-up phone interviews among interested respondents. Survey content was organised as 12 major topics. Respondents were invited via a Dietitians of Canada (DC) newsletter, Facebook groups, and at the DC national conference. Survey data, including respondent-generated topics of interest and interview content, were descriptively analyzed. The online survey garnered 360 responses; 332 (92%) completed more than 10% of the survey and were interested in history. Detailed responses were analyzed (296 English; 36 French); 51 were interviewed. An online timeline was the most preferred format (79%). Review of the rise in technology and obesity, aging, supermarket registered dietitians (RDs), the local/organic movement, Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN), the changes in training models and scope of practice, public awareness of the profession, and advocacy and unique career paths were of most interest (≥ 50% of respondents). These results confirm interest in the recent history of the profession among RDs and provide guidance on preferred format and topics for further work.
Examining Elementary School Children’s Knowledge about Food and Nutrition in Southwestern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Colley Paige , Seabrook Jamie A. , Woodruff Sarah J. , Gilliland Jason
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Knowledge is fundamental to helping children make nutritional choices that support lifelong healthy behaviours. This study (i) investigates elementary school children’s knowledge about food and nutrition and (ii) identifies sociodemographic factors influencing children’s reported knowledge.

Methods: In 2017–2019, a survey was administered to 2443 students (grades 5–8) at 60 schools across southwestern Ontario, Canada, and a parent survey was used to validate self-reported sociodemographics. Multiple regression was used to analyse children’s knowledge scores and related sociodemographic factors. A total knowledge score was calculated by summing correct responses derived from 46 individual questions in the student survey.

Results: Mean total knowledge score was 29.2 out of a possible 46 points (63.5% correct). Students demonstrated some knowledge and awareness of strategies to encourage fruit and vegetable consumption, healthy food selection, nutrition, and food preparation skills, although knowledge of food guide recommendations and locally sourced produce were limited. Female sex, family income, and rurality were associated with higher knowledge scores.

Conclusions: Results provide insight regarding strengths and gaps in elementary-school children’s food and nutrition knowledge. Poor performance of students on specific food guide-related questions suggests that the general guidance of the 2019 Canada’s Food Guide might be better understood by children and adolescents.
Comprehensive Nutrition Interventions in First Nation-Operated Schools in Canada
Authors: Gillies Christina , Blanchet Rosanne , Gokiert Rebecca , Farmer Anna , Willows Noreen D.
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive school-based nutrition interventions offer a promising strategy to support healthy eating for First Nations children. A targeted strategic review was performed to identify nutrition interventions in 514 First Nation-operated schools across Canada through their websites. Directed content analysis was used to describe if interventions used 1 or more of the 4 components of the Comprehensive School Health (CSH) framework. Sixty schools had interventions. Nearly all (n = 56, 93%) schools offered breakfast, snack, and (or) lunch programs (social and physical environment). About one-third provided opportunities for students to learn about traditional healthy Indigenous foods and food procurement methods (n = 18, 30%) (teaching and learning) or facilitated connections between the school and students’ families or the community (n = 16, 27%) (partnerships and services). Few schools (n = 10, 17%) had a nutrition policy outlining permitted foods (school policy). Less than 1% (n = 3) of interventions included all 4 CSH components. Results suggest that most First Nation-operated schools provide children with food, but few have nutrition interventions that include multiple CSH components. First Nation-operated schools may require additional financial and (or) logistical support to implement comprehensive school-based nutrition interventions, which have greater potential to support long-term health outcomes for children than single approaches.
Beyond Welfare
Authors: Bolodo-Taefi Vargha
Published: January 2022

Invoking a broad catalog of applicable Bahá’í principles, this paper presents the conceptual and theoretical underpinnings of a Bahá’í approach to economic growth and disparity and then maps these concepts onto an applied framework of economic rights and responsibilities. The framework that emerges thus both conceptualizes the underlying virtues that govern economic prosperity in a Bahá’í model and shows how these principles might lead to normative prescriptions for economic rights and responsibilities. The paper concludes that the Bahá’í principles dealing with economic prosperity expand the theory and practice of economic justice and give rise to individual and institutional rights and responsibilities that go beyond the imperatives of conventional models of welfare.
KESETIMBANGAN ADSORPSI ISOTERMIS LOGAM Cr (VI) PADA FLY ASH
Authors: Sobah Saripah , Fitria Fitria , Anoi Yano Hurung , Diana Diana , Octavianus Precast
Published: January 2022

The Purpose of this study was to determine the optimum adsorption time of fly ash from the PT. Pupuk Kaltim in adsorbing Cr metal, optimal stirring speed, and optimal weight of fly ash under isothermic conditions in batches using the Langmuir equation has been carried out at atmospheric conditions, temperature 27oC. Fly ash varies in weight and stirring speed. The filtrate was added with 2 mL of 0.1% NH4Cl after equilibrium, then analyzed using AAS AA-7000. The optimal adsorption time of fly ash in adsorbing Cr metal is 60 minutes. The optimal adsorption weight of fly ash is in 50 mL of Cr solution is 2 grams with an average efficiency value of 91.22%. The optimum stirring speed of fly ash to adsorb Cr metal is 200 rpm. Keywords: isothermic adsorption, fly ash, Cr metal
ISO 9126 UNTUK PENGUJIAN GAME EDUKASI MEMBUANG SAMPAH BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Ratna Silvia
Published: January 2022

Games are applications that are familiar to people from all walks of life. Efforts to increase the efficiency of providing applications that contain educational elements require a variety of alternatives and new innovations in programming to be applied as a tool to simplify the learning process. This study aims to create a game design called the game "Throw your trash" by inserting educational elements about how to dispose of garbage in its place and introducing the types of waste. And the sample used is elementary school students, because of their interest in the theoretical learning process, considering that children prefer to play games. The methodology used is starting from system analysis, design and implementation stages, and testing using ISO 9126.The results of this educational game to throw garbage show that the game application based on the aspect obtained a percentage of 95% of the Functionality test and the results of the analysis of usability testing obtained a percentage of 81.89% Kata Kunci: education, games, testing, android, ISO 9126
PERSPEKTIF PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN MUJAIR TERHADAP PEMELIHARAAN SISTEM RESIRKULASI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Gerungan Raflen Aril , Rompas Indra Fransiskus Xaverius , Pandelaki Mecky Christofel Telis
Published: January 2022

Understanding the recirculation system as an environmentally friendly ecosystem-based fish farming method is the main thing that fish cultivators can apply in achieving sustainable fish farming. The objective of this research was to determine the perceptions of the fish cultivator community about the recirculation system. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive research methods. There are 21 respondents of which 19.05% with junior high school education and 80.95% senior high school. Respondents had more than 10 years as fish farmers. The results showed that the majority of respondents had a good perception of the recirculation system (57.10%) and the minority had a poor perception (42.90%). Furthermore, the perception of willingness to adopt a recirculation system, the majority of respondents did not have a willingness to adopt, 57.10% and a minority had a willingness to adopt 42.90%. In this study, it can be concluded that the understanding and knowledge of fish cultivators regarding the benefits and advantages of the recirculation system in fish farming will encourage good perceptions, on the other hand, if fish farmers have minimal understanding and knowledge, the majority of fish cultivators have doubts and a lack of willingness to adopt the recirculation system.
PREDIKSI SENYAWA EUCALYPTUS SEBAGAI INHIBITOR POTENSIAL COVID-19 MAIN PROTEASE (Mpro) SECARA MOLECULAR DOCKING
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad , Rahman Fauzi , Soemari Yulistia Budianti , Purnamasari Richa
Published: January 2022

The development of cases infected with the COVID-19 virus in Indonesia continues to increase. COVID-19 is a member of the corona virus family that has spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 Main protease is considered a suitable target for drug design against SARS infection because it plays a role in the processing of polyproteins required for the reproduction of the coronavirus. Eucalyptus are claimed to be able to ward off the COVID-19 virus. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the content of eucalyptus compounds against Main proteases by docking studies. Based on the results of research conducted using the active site on the Main protease, it is known that eucalyptus (-)-globulol, epiglobulol, and ledol compounds have free energies of -7.23 kcal/mol, -7.91 kcal/mol, and -7.39 kcal/mol, respectively. Remdesivir as a therapeutic drug for COVID-19 has a free energy of -7.67 kcal/mol. These three compounds bind to the amino acid Glu166 as remdisivir with the best binding affinity on the active site of the Main protease. So these three compounds have the potential to inhibit the COVID-19 virus.
SISTEM PROTEKSI TEGANGAN SENTUH PADA INSTALASI LISTRIK BERBASIS EARTH LEAGAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER (ELCB)
Authors: Anwar Syarifil
Published: January 2022

An electrical installation is a series of electrical installation equipment that connects an conductor with the electrical equipment used (consumers). The protection factor (safety) is a consideration that must be considered in designing an electrical installation so that it can be used optimally, effectively, efficiently, safely, properly and correctly while ensuring fire safety, of course in accordance with the General Requirements for Electrical Installation (PUIL) 2011. Touch voltage, which means that if a live wire is touched or held on a cable that is stripped of its insulation, then we will be electrocuted. Therefore, in the installation of electrical installations, there must be additional safety besides the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB). The additional safeguards are the neutral point (ground) ground and the Earth Leakege Circuit Breaker (ELCB). Electrical installations that use Earth Leakege Circuit Breaker (ELCB) safety must install a neutral point (Ground) ground as a condition for the Earth Leakege Circuit Breaker (ELCB) to work properly and correctly, meaning that if there is a touch voltage we will not be electrocuted, because the MCB and The ELCB will be disconnected (Trip) simultaneously.
Analisis Kinerja Apoteker Dalam Pelayanan Farmasi Klinik di Puskesmas Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Erlianti Karina , Hasniah Hasniah , Mardiana Lia
Published: January 2022

Kinerja seorang apoteker perlu dievaluasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian baik dalam pelayanan farmasi klinik maupun pengelolaan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran kinerja apoteker di Puskesmas Kota Banjarmasin dalam melakukan pelayanan farmasi klinik. Penelitian analisis kinerja apoteker dalam melakukan pelayanan farmasi klinis di Puskesmas Kota Banjarmasin ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif melalui penelusuran dokumen dan dilengkapi dengan observasi langsung dengan menggunakan daftar tilik sebagai data kualitatif serta dilengkapi dengan wawancara untuk memperdalam temuan di lapangan. Kinerja apoteker dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja apoteker dianalisis secara deskritif. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 apoteker yang berpraktek di lima Puskesmas kota Banjarmasin yang mewakili setiap kecamatan di Kota Banjarmasin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kinerja apoteker dalam pelayanan farmasi klinik di Puskesmas pada era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional berada pada kategori sangat tinggi pada aspek penggunaan obat generik dan penggunaan injeksi pada myalgia. Kategori kinerja yang tinggi ditunjukkan pada aspek pengkajian resep, rata-rata item obat dalam resep dan penggunaan antibiotik pada diare non spesifik. Kategori kinerja sedang ditunjukkan melalui aspek konseling pasien dan penggunaan antibiotic pada ISPA non pneumonia
Effects Following Intracerebroventricular Injection of Immunosuppressant Cyclosporine A On Inhibitory Avoidance Learning and Memory in Mice
Authors: Banafshe Hamid Reza , Mohsenpour Mohsen , Ardjmand Abolfazl
Published: January 2022

Background: Protein phosphatase-2B or calcineurin (CN) is the main phosphatase and a critical regulator of cellular pathways for learning, memory, and plasticity. Cyclosporine A(CyA), a phosphatase and peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase inhibitor, is a common immune suppressant extensively used in tissue transplantation. To further clarify the role of CN in different stages of learning and memory, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of CyA in an inhibitory avoidance (IA) model in mice.Materials and Methods: Using intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of different doses of CyA (0.5, 5, and 50 nM) at different periods (pre-/post-training and pre-test), the effect of the drug was evaluated in a step-down IA paradigm. The latency of step-down (sec) was considered a criterion for memory performance. Results: The pre-training injections of CyA (0.5, 5 nM), however not of 50 nM, impaired IA learning acquisition. The post-training injection of high-dose CyA (50 nM) impaired memory consolidation. The pre-test ICV CyA injection did not impair memory retrieval; the ICV injection of CyA caused no change in locomotion. Conclusion: These findings suggest that CyA selectively interferes with acquisition, retention, but not retrieval, of information processing in mice. Given the crucial role of CN in common signaling pathway of memory performance and cognition, it could be a probable therapeutic target in the treatment of a wide variety of neurological conditions involving memory. [GMJ.2018;7:e1044]
Exploring the Demographic Factors and Facilitators to Addiction Abstinence
Authors: Taghva Maryam , Shiraly Ramin , Moghimi Sarani Ebrahim
Published: January 2022

Background: Accumulating evidence indicates a remarkable increase in substance addiction. Substance abuse and addiction impose severe social, political, economic, cultural and health-related damages on societies. Little is known, however, about demographic factors and facilitators to addiction abstinence. The purpose of the current study was to explore the factors associated with opioid avoidance.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed to record socio-de­mographic data and facilitating factors to abstinence in 600 interviews, according to data collecting forms, with patients who had drug abuse disorders at Shiraz city during 2016. Correlation test, T-test, and ANOVA were employed for data analysis. P<0.05 was considered as the significance level. Result: There was a significant difference between mean abstinence time and demographic factors such as age, sex, occupation and marital status. Also, 53% of people reported that they had the longest abstinence time using the narcotics anonymous (NA) method. TO 33% of patients, the most important facilitating factor in abstinence according to the patient's opinion was family support.Conclusion: Individual, social, psychosocial and medical variables affect the abstinence duration of substance abuse. Identifying the factors associated with longer abstinence can be helpful in designing prevention and treatment programs for variables that affect the recurrence.[GMJ.2018;7:e1074]
Diagnostic Value of Hepatic Vein Ultrasound in Early Detection of Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Zare Marzouni Hadi , Davachi Behrooz , Rezazadeh Mahdi , Salehi Milani Mahmoud , Matinfard Sedighe
Published: January 2022

Background: Cirrhosis is a common disease that destroys liver cells, and it has various etiologies. The early diagnosis of cirrhosis can be effective in improving prognosis.Considering the availability and affordability of ultrasound devices throughout the world, in this study we evaluated the diagnostic value of hepatic vein ultrasound examination in the early detection of liver cirrhosis.Materials and Methods: In this study, 45 patients referred to the radiology department of Ghaem Hospital for liver biopsy were evaluated for changes in the hepatic veins under ultrasound with a transducer of 5-7MHz. One piece of the hepatic vein was selected for ultrasound, and the wall of hepatic veins was examined for straightness and uniformity of echogenicity. Subsequently, patients underwent biopsy by ultrasound guide.  Of all the study subjects, eight patients presented mild chronic hepatitis without fibrosis, four patients were diagnosed with fatty liver, and 33 patients had severe cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis with fibrosis.Results: Our results showed that hepatitis patients with or without fibrosis had irregular and wavy hepatic vein wall (impairment in straightness) with non-uniform echo (impairment in uniformity of echogenicity). While patients without hepatitis and cirrhosis, but diagnosed with fatty liver, had a smooth and regular hepatic vein wall with a uniform echo.Conclusion: The present study showed that hepatic vein examination in terms of echogenicity and straightness could be used to diagnose hepatitis, its severity as well as its course towards fibrosis and cirrhosis. [GMJ.2018;7:e1140]
Incidental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Psoriasis Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Akhoundi Neda , Faghihi Langroudi Taraneh , Shafizadeh Kiarash , Jabbarzadeh Mohamad Javad , Talebi Sepehr
Published: January 2022

Background: Psoriasis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease involving keratinocytes hyperproliferation of the epidermis with the acceleration in the epidermal turnover time, which is affected by various factors including genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. There is a high risk for the development of premature cardiovascular diseases among patients with psoriasis as well as one of the life-threatening events is an aortic aneurysm (AA). Case Report: We report a 60-year-old man with the diagnosed psoriatic disease that an enlargement of the abdominal AA was incidentally found by annual check-up. Conclusion: Further large-scale studies are needed to find the prevalence of abdominal AA in psoriasis and the appropriate screening time of that in this disease. [GMJ.2018;7:e1168]
Structural and Functional Analysis of Crucial Protein Complex in Basal Cell Skin Carcinoma via Network Construction
Authors: Zamanian Azodi Mona , Rezaei-Tavirani Mostafa , Rezaei-Tavirani Majid , Rostami-Nejad Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Background: The basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) as one of the most common type of skin cancers reported to have an increasing trend during past years. Molecular approaches can be useful to advance diagnosis and treatment goals in this cancer.Materials and Methods: In this sense, one of the recent popular investigations, protein-protein interaction network analysis (PPI), was  applied in this study to better facilitate molecular view of BCC.  Cytoscape v3.6.0 and its plug-ins analyzed and explored the topological and annotation features of the constructed network. Result: Among TP53, EGFR, AKT1, ERBB2, HRAS, and CCND1 as central agents of the network, five of them were also present in the first prominent cluster of the network in which considered for further analysis. It is suggested that there are significant related biological processes, actions, and expression changes for this highlighted cluster that may be related to BCC risk.  Conclusion: Therefore, the studied complex of proteins may worth considering for clinical studies and therapeutic interventions after validating by related tests. What is more, among these genes, EBBR2 has more to offer and consequently with additional values.  [GMJ.2018;7:e1271]
Predictors of Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care in an Orthopedic and Urologic Population
Authors: Sadeghi-Gandomani Hamidreza , Masoudi Alavi Negin , Afshar Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Background: Patient satisfaction is a multi-dimensional concept that can be influenced by social, cultural, and economic factors. This study was designed to evaluate the determinants that could predict patient satisfaction with nursing care in an orthopedic and urologic Population at a selected surgical ward in Kashan, Iran during 2018.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 250 male patients with orthopedic and urologic diagnosis that were hospitalized in men surgical ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Patients satisfaction was assessed by a researcher-made questionnaire. The data was analyzed by the independent t-test, analysis of variance, correlation, and multiple regression analysis statistical tests.Result: The mean score of patient satisfaction was 136.05±48.10 (possible range 45-225). The age, marital status, education, diagnosis, the length of stay in the hospital, and the verbal communication of nurses with patients showed a significant correlation with patient satisfaction (P<0.001). Regression analysis revealed that age (P=0.013), marital status (P<0.001), education level (P=0.038), the length of stay in hospital (P=0.002), and verbal communication (P<0.001) could make a meaningful model with patient satisfaction in surgical wards.Conclusion: Many personal and professional factors can determine patient satisfaction in orthopedic and urologic population. Verbal communication between nurses and patients is an important factor for patient satisfaction. [GMJ.2018;7:e1305]