bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beulverhalten längsausgesteifter Platten unter Interaktion von Biegung und Querkraft
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Zizza Antonio , Sinur Franc
Published: November 2012

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Interaktion von Biegung und Querkraft an längsausgesteiften dünnwandigen Platten. Hierfür wurden an längs‐ und querausgesteiften Trägern insgesamt sechs großformatige Versuche mit hohen Biegemomenten und Schubkräften durchgeführt. In Längsrichtung waren die Stege jeweils mit einer trapezförmigen Steife versehen, die bei zwei der Träger in Stegmitte und bei den anderen vier Trägern im Druckbereich des Steges angebracht waren. Zusätzlich wird das mit dem Programm ABAQUS erstellte numerische Modell vorgestellt und mit Hilfe der Versuchsergebnisse verifiziert. Abschließend werden die Traglast und der Bemessungswiderstand nach EN 1993‐1‐5 verglichen und diskutiert. Der Bemessungswiderstand wurde dabei sowohl mit der Methode der wirksamen Breite als auch mit der Methode der reduzierten Spannungen berechnet.

Buckling of slender plates due to bending‐shear interaction – Experimental and numerical Investigations. In this paper the bending‐shear interaction of slender plates is studied. Six large tests were performed on longitudinally and transversally stiffened girders in the range of high bending moment and shear force. In longitudinal direction the webs were stiffened with a trapezoidal stiffener positioned at the mid web depth for two girders and in the compression zone for the other four girders. Furthermore, a numerical model built in the general‐purpose code ABAQUS is presented and verified against test results. In the final part of this paper the maximum load and the design resistance according to EN 1993‐1‐5 are compared and discussed. The design resistance was calculated with both options, according to the effective width method and the reduced stress method.
skywalk allgäu – Baumwipfelpfad
Authors: Frickel Jörg
Published: November 2012

In der Nähe des Bodensees wurde letztes Jahr der skywalk allgäu offiziell eingeweiht. Bei diesem sozial und ökologisch interessanten Projekt handelt es sich um einen Baumwipfelpfad, d. h. einem Rundweg in einer Höhe von 15 bis 30 m über Grund zwischen den Baumwipfeln der Allgäuer Alpen auf ca. 1000 m ü. NN. Die stählerne Konstruktion besteht aus einem 50 m hohen Aussichtsturm, 14 mit Seilen abgespannten Masten mit Längen von bis zu 45 m, sowie einem aus Schrägseil‐ und Hängebrückenkonstruktionen bestehenden Rundweg. Der Erlebnischarakter des Bauwerks wird durch spezielle Bauelemente und das dem Tragwerk eigene Verformungs‐ und Schwingungsverhalten unterstützt.

skywalk allgäu – A trial through the tree tops of the Allgäu Alps. Not far away from the Lake Constance, the skywalk allgäu was officially inaugurated in 2011. This social and ecological interesting project is about a trial through the tree tops of the Allgäu Alps. 1000 m above sea level and 15 to 30 m over the ground, there is a loop road through the crowns of the alpine forest. The steel construction is build out of a 50 m high observation tower, 14 masts with length up to 45 m, which are braced with cables, and a loop road existing out of suspension bridges und cable stayed bridges. The structure provides the special experience for the visitor with its deformation and vibration behaviour.
Näherungsverfahren für die Brandbemessung von Hohlprofilverbundstützen
Authors: Hanswille Gerhard , Bergmann Marco
Published: November 2012

Es wird ein Verfahren für die vereinfachte Bemessung von ausbetonierten kreisrunden Hohlprofilen im Brandfall vorgestellt, das eine einfache Handrechnung ermöglicht. Das entwickelte Verfahren orientiert sich in seiner Methodik eng an den Berechnungsverfahren für Verbundstützen im Kaltfall nach DIN EN 1994‐1‐1. Die aus der Temperaturbelastung resultierenden verschiedenen Streckgrenzen und thermischen Eigenspannungen werden durch eine von der Beflammungsdauer abhängige Einordnung des Querschnitts in das bekannte Knickspannungslinienspektrum berücksichtigt. Zur Herleitung des Verfahrens wurden in umfangreichen Parameteruntersuchungen die Temperaturfelder verschiedener Querschnitte auf der Grundlage von DIN EN 1994‐1‐2 bestimmt und vereinfachte Berechnungsmethoden für die Temperaturfeldberechnung abgeleitet. Für diese Querschnitte wurden dann die Traglastkurven ermittelt und eine über die Stützenlänge konstante, effektive Ersatzsteifigkeit zur Ermittlung der bezogenen Schlankheit bestimmt.

A simplified method for the structural fire design of circular hollow composite columns. In this contribution a simplified method for the structural fire design of circular hollow composite columns is described. The developed design method closely follows the design method for composite columns according to DIN EN 1994‐1‐1. With respect to different yield strength across the cross section due to the temperature field and the stresses caused by thermal strains the cross section is classified to buckling curves on the base of the well‐known buckling curve spectrum of DIN EN 1994‐1‐1. For the development of the design method temperature fields of various cross sections are determined according to DIN EN 1994‐1‐2, from which simplified calculation methods for temperature fields are derived. For each cross section the load bearing curve is determined and an effective bending stiffness for the determination of the related slenderness is calculated.
Bemessungshilfen für die Heißbemessung ungeschützter Stahlprofile auf Basis des Eurocode 3 Teil 1‐2
Authors: Krahwinkel Manuel , Petersen Tobias , Gehmert Christian
Published: November 2012

Die Tragwerksbemessung für den Brandfall kann für ungeschützte Stahlkonstruktionen auf der Grundlage von Eurocode 3, Teil 1‐2 erfolgen. Bei der Ermittlung der Bauteilwiderstände wird dabei die temperaturabhängige Abminderung der Steifigkeit und der Festigkeit des Baustoffes Stahl berücksichtigt. Der Eurocode 3, Teil 1‐2 beinhaltet ein Zeitschrittverfahren, mit welchem die Stahltemperatur in kleinen Zeitintervallen schrittweise aus einem beliebigen zeitlichen Verlauf der einwirkenden Brandgastemperatur berechnet werden kann. Dieses aufwändige Verfahren ist notwendig, da sich zum einen die Wärmekapazität des Stahls bei steigender Temperatur ändert und zum anderen der Wärmestrom zwischen Brandgas und Stahl abhängig von der Temperaturdifferenz beider Stoffe ist. Für die Heißbemessung ungeschützter Stahlprofile werden im vorliegenden Beitrag Bemessungshilfen für häufig verwendete Walzprofilquerschnitte vorgestellt, die für die Feuerwiderstandsklasse R30 ein direktes Ablesen der Stahltemperatur aus Tabellen ermöglichen, ohne dass eine Zeitschrittberechnung erforderlich ist. Diese Hilfen für die Berechnung der Stahltemperatur werden ergänzt durch Bemessungshilfen in Form von Tabellen, aus denen die Querschnittsklassen im Brandfall und die Traglasten im Brandfall für Biegeknicken und Biegedrillknicken direkt abgelesen werden können. Die Anwendung der Bemessungshilfen wird anhand von Beispielen erläutert.

Design tables for the fire design of unprotected steel sections due to Eurocode 3 part 1‐2. Fire design for unprotected steel sections is based on Eurocode 3 part 1‐2 using reduction factors for material properties at elevated temperatures. To calculate the steel temperature during a fire Eurocode 3 part 1‐2 gives a time‐increment‐method which is not suitable for hand calculations. For this reason this paper presents design tables with steel temperatures of steel sections subjected to a fire resistance class R30 respectably 30 min of a standard fire. Additional design tables are presented for the fire design of steel members subjected to buckling and lateral torsional buckling. The use of the design tables is illustrated by worked examples.
Tragwerksertüchtigung am Beispiel einer Verbundbrücke
Authors: Kraus Matthias , Niebuhr Hans Joachim , Jostmann Michael , Vette Jan
Published: November 2012

Die Talbrücke Rahmede wurde in den Jahren 1965 bis 1968 im Zuge der Bundesautobahn A 45 bei Lüdenscheid erbaut. Die A 45, aufgrund der Streckenführung auch als Sauerlandlinie bzw. Königin der Autobahnen bekannt, führt von Dortmund nach Aschaffenburg und verbindet somit das Ruhrgebiet mit dem Rhein‐Main‐Gebiet. Auf einer Gesamtlänge von 257 km ist die Talbrücke Rahmede eine von insgesamt 73 Brücken. Bedingt durch das größer werdende Verkehrsaufkommen und den damit verbundenen immer stärker werdenden Verkehrsbelastungen müssen die bestehenden Bauwerke im Hinblick auf die Tragfähigkeit und Standsicherheit überprüft und beurteilt werden. Für die Rahmedetalbrücke haben sich in diesem Zusammenhang Überbeanspruchungen ergeben, so dass derzeit ein Konzept zur Ertüchtigung erarbeitet wird. Im Rahmen dieses Aufsatzes wird auf die Bestandskonstruktion und die sich ergebenden Tragfähigkeitsüberschreitungen eingegangen sowie die geplante Verstärkungskonstruktion vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden zwei Konstruktionsdetails im Hinblick auf das Stabilitätsverhalten weitergehend untersucht.

Exemplary strengthening of a composite bridge. The viaduct of Rahmede was built in the years from 1965 to 1968 near Lüdenscheid in connection with the German freeway A 45. Due to its routing, the A 45 is also known as “Sauerland‐Line” or “Queen of Motorways”. It leads from Dortmund to Aschaffenburg and therefore connects the Ruhr‐Area with the Rhine‐Main‐Region. Within a total length of 257 km, the viaduct of Rahmede is one of 73 bridges. The structure has to resist increasing stresses caused by the rising amount of traffic. For that reason existing bridges have to be checked in terms of load‐bearing capacity and structural stability. In this context overloading has been recognized for the viaduct of Rahmede, which is why currently a strengthening concept is being worked out. Within this essay the existing bridge is being presented pointing out the overstressing of the structure. In addition the construction designed for strengthening purposes will be introduced focusing two details with regard to their stability behavior.
Ermüdungssicherheit von Brücken – Teil 2: Nachweis basierend auf den Messwerten des Monitoring‐Projekts “Bahnbrücke Eglisau“
Authors: Bosshard Max , Steck Pirmin , Meyer Christian , Brühwiler Eugen , Haldimann Senta
Published: November 2012

Bei der genieteten Rheinbrücke in Eglisau wurde über einen Zeitraum von einem Jahr ein Monitoring durchgeführt. Die mittels Rainflow‐Analyse ausgewerteten Messwerte dienten als Grundlage für den Nachweis der Ermüdungssicherheit. Die Messquerschnitte sind in der Regel nicht identisch mit den Nachweisquerschnitten, weshalb die gemessenen Dehnungen bzw. Spannungen in die für den Nachweis maßgebende Nietlage des Nachweisquerschnittes umgerechnet wurden. Die hierfür erforderlichen Umrechnungsfaktoren wurden rechnerisch am statischen Modell ermittelt. In einem ersten Schritt wurde die Dauerfestigkeit für die ermüdungsbeanspruchten Bauteile untersucht. Für die Bauteile mit ungenügender Dauerfestigkeit wurde anschließend eine Schadensakkumulationsberechnung nach Palmgren‐Miner auf Basis der für genietete Konstruktionsdetails geltenden Wöhlerkurven durchgeführt. Basierend auf den Messwerten aus dem Monitoring konnte schließlich für die Nietkonstruktion eine genügende Ermüdungssicherheit und für das maßgebende Bauteil eine weitere Nutzungsdauer von mindestens 50 Jahren nachgewiesen werden.

Fatigue safety of riveted bridges – Part 2: Verification based on the monitoring data of the project “Railway Bridge at Eglisau“. Long term monitoring over one year has been conducted on the riveted Railway Bridge over the Rhine at Eglisau. Measured values were exploited by rainflow analysis and served as the basis for the verification of fatigue safety. As the locations of measurements are generally not identical with the cross sections of verification, measured strains respectively stresses, were extrapolated to the relevant verification cross section by means of factors that were obtained by structural analysis. Using these values, all fatigue relevant structural details were first verified with respect to the fatigue limit. Then, damage accumulation calculation according to the Palmgren‐Miner rule and based on Wöhler curves for riveted details was performed for those structural details where the fatigue limit check was not fulfilled. Sufficient fatigue safety could finally be verified for the whole riveted structure and an additional service life of at least 50 years for the most fatigue relevant structural element.
How Selected Tissues of Lactating Holstein Cows Respond to Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation
Authors: Hiller Beate , Angulo Joaquin , Olivera Martha , Nuernberg Gerd , Nuernberg Karin
Published: November 2012

The effect of a 10‐week supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids [via sunflower oil/DHA‐rich algae (SUNA) or linseed oil/DHA‐rich algae (LINA) enriched diets] versus saturated fatty acids (SAT) of lactating German Holstein dairy cows in mid‐lactation on expression patterns of lipid metabolism‐associated genes and gene products in hepatic, longissimus muscle and subcutaneous/perirenal/omental adipose tissue was assessed. Most pronounced transcriptomic responses to dietary PUFA were obtained in hepatic [down‐regulated ACACA (FC = 0.83, SUNA; FC = 0.86, LINA), FADS1 (FC = 0.60, SUNA; FC = 0.72, LINA), FADS2 (FC = 0.64, SUNA; FC = 0.79, LINA), FASN (FC = 0.64, SUNA; FC = 0.72, LINA), SCD (FC = 0.37, SUNA; FC = 0.47, LINA) and SREBF1 (FC = 0.79, SUNA, LINA) expression] and omental adipose [up‐regulated ACACA (FC = 1.58, SUNA; FC = 1.22, LINA), ADFP (FC = 1.33, SUNA; FC = 1.32, LINA), CEBPA (FC = 1.75, SUNA; FC = 1.40, LINA), FASN (FC = 1.57, SUNA; FC = 1.21, LINA), LPL (FC = 1.50, SUNA; FC = 1.20, LINA), PPARG (FC = 1.36, SUNA; FC = 1.12, LINA), SCD (FC = 1.41, SUNA; FC = 1.17, LINA) and SREBF1 (FC = 1.56, SUNA; FC = 1.18, LINA) expression] tissue. Interestingly, gene/gene product associations were comparatively low in hepatic and omental adipose tissue compared with longissimus muscle, perirenal adipose and subcutaneous adipose tissue, indicating matches only in regard to minor concentrations of SCD product 18:1c9, FADS1 product 20:4n‐6 and FADS2 product 18:3n‐6 in hepatic tissue, and higher concentrations of ACACA and FASN gene products 12:0 and 14:0 and SCD product 18:2c9,t11 in omental adipose tissue. Whereas all analyzed tissues accumulated dietary PUFA and their ruminally generated biohydrogenation products, tissue‐divergent preferences for certain fatty acids were identified. This descriptive study reports tissue‐divergent effects of dietary PUFA and outlines the significance of a PUFA intervention with regard to dairy cows' nutritional management.
Polythiophene Synthesis Coupled to Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Raman Spectroscopy for Detecting Bacteria
Authors: Kengne-Momo R. P. , Lagarde F. , Daniel Ph. , Pilard J. F. , Durand M. J. , Thouand G.
Published: November 2012

A simple electrochemical procedure was used for the synthesis of a polythiophene containing para-benzenesulfonyl chloride groups. The obtained polymer was shown to be very reactive and directly able to covalently bind nucleophile biomolecules. Protein A and a specific antibody were then successively immobilized on the conductive polymer through a covalent bonding of Protein A with the as-prepared linker for bacteria trapping purpose. All reactions were controlled in situ by cyclic voltammetry, quartz crystal microbalance and Raman spectroscopy. The results were compared to those previously obtained on gold surface modified with the same chemical linker. The conductive polymer led to a very high rate of antibody recognition compared to the gold surface and to literature, probably due to a large available surface obtained after polymerization. One example of pathogenic bacteria “Salmonella enterica paratyphi” detection was successfully tested on the substrates. The presented results are promising for the future design of simple and inexpensive immunocapture-based sensors.
Self-Organized Criticality
Authors: Jensen Henrik Jeldtoft
Published: November 2012

Self-organized criticality (SOC) is based upon the idea that complex behavior can develop spontaneously in certain multi-body systems whose dynamics vary abruptly. This book is a clear and concise introduction to the field of self-organized criticality, and contains an overview of the main research results. The author begins with an examination of what is meant by SOC, and the systems in which it can occur. He then presents and analyzes computer models to describe a number of systems, and he explains the different mathematical formalisms developed to understand SOC. The final chapter assesses the impact of this field of study, and highlights some key areas of new research. The author assumes no previous knowledge of the field, and the book contains several exercises. It will be ideal as a textbook for graduate students taking physics, engineering, or mathematical biology courses in nonlinear science or complexity.
Why Does Language Matter to Philosophy?
Authors: Hacking Ian
Published: November 2012

Many people find themselves dissatisfied with recent linguistic philosophy, and yet know that language has always mattered deeply to philosophy and must in some sense continue to do so. Ian Hacking considers here some dozen case studies in the history of philosophy to show the different ways in which language has been important, and the consequences for the development of the subject. There are chapters on, among others, Hobbes, Berkeley, Russell, Ayer, Wittgenstein, Chomsky, Feyerabend and Davidson. Dr Hacking ends by speculating about the directions in which philosophy and the study of language seem likely to go. The book will provide students with a stimulating, broad survey of problems in the theory of meaning and the development of philosophy, particularly in this century. The topics treated in the philosophy of language are among the central, current concerns of philosophers, and the historical framework makes it possible to introduce concretely and intelligibly all the main theoretical issues.
The Transactional Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Kastner Ruth E.
Published: November 2012

A comprehensive exposition of the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics (TI), this book sheds new light on longstanding problems in quantum theory and provides insight into the compatibility of TI with relativity. It breaks new ground in interpreting quantum theory, presenting a compelling new picture of quantum reality. The book shows how TI can be used to solve the measurement problem of quantum mechanics and explain other puzzles, such as the origin of the 'Born Rule' for the probabilities of measurement results. It addresses and resolves various objections and challenges to TI, such as Maudlin's inconsistency challenge. It explicitly extends TI into the relativistic domain, providing new insight into the basic compatibility of TI with relativity and the physical meaning of 'virtual particles'. This book is ideal for researchers and graduate students interested in the philosophy of physics and the interpretation of quantum mechanics.
Shakespeare and World Cinema
Authors: Thornton Burnett Mark
Published: November 2012

Shakespeare and World Cinema radically re-imagines the field of Shakespeare on film, drawing on a wealth of examples from Africa, the Arctic, Brazil, China, France, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Singapore, Tibet, Venezuela, Yemen and elsewhere. Mark Thornton Burnett explores the contemporary significance of Shakespeare cinema outside the Hollywood mainstream for the first time, arguing that these adaptations are an essential part of the story of Shakespearean performance and reception. The book reveals in unique detail the scope, inventiveness and vitality of over seventy films that have undeservedly slipped beneath the radar of critical attention and also discusses regional Shakespeare cinema in Latin America and Asia. Utilising original interviews with filmmakers throughout, it introduces new auteurs, analyses multiple adaptations of plays such as Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet and pioneers fresh methodologies for understanding the role that Shakespeare continues to play in the international marketplace.
An Introduction to International Institutional Law
Authors: Klabbers Jan
Published: November 2012

International institutions are powerful players on the world stage, and every student of international law requires a clear understanding of the forces that shape them. For example, with increasing global influence comes the need for internal control and accountability. This thought-provoking overview considers these and other forces that govern international institutions such as the UN, EU and WTO, and the complex relationship that exists between international organizations and their member states. Covering recent scholarly developments, such as the rise of constitutionalism and global administrative law, and analysing the impact of important cases, such as the ICJ's Genocide case (2007) and the Behrami judgment of the European Court of Human Rights (2007), its clarity of explanation and analytical approach allow students to understand and think critically about a complex subject.
Mathematics of Digital Images
Authors: Hoggar S. G.
Published: November 2012

Compression, restoration and recognition are three of the key components of digital imaging. The mathematics needed to understand and carry out all these components are explained here in a style that is at once rigorous and practical with many worked examples, exercises with solutions, pseudocode, and sample calculations on images. The introduction lists fast tracks to special topics such as Principal Component Analysis, and ways into and through the book, which abounds with illustrations. The first part describes plane geometry and pattern-generating symmetries, along with some on 3D rotation and reflection matrices. Subsequent chapters cover vectors, matrices and probability. These are applied to simulation, Bayesian methods, Shannon's information theory, compression, filtering and tomography. The book will be suited for advanced courses or for self-study. It will appeal to all those working in biomedical imaging and diagnosis, computer graphics, machine vision, remote sensing, image processing and information theory and its applications.
The Emergence of Meaning
Authors: Crain Stephen
Published: November 2012

Over the past forty years, scientists have developed models of human reasoning based on the principle that human languages and classical logic involve fundamentally different concepts and different methods of interpretation. In The Emergence of Meaning Stephen Crain challenges this view, arguing that a common logical nativism underpins human language and logical reasoning. The approach which Crain takes is twofold. Firstly, he uncovers the underlying meanings of logical expressions and logical principles that appear in typologically different languages - English and Mandarin Chinese - and he demonstrates that these meanings and principles directly correspond to the expressions and structures of classical logic. Secondly he reports the findings of new experimental studies which investigate how children acquire the logical concepts of these languages. A step-by-step introduction to logic and a comprehensive review of the literature on child language acquisition make this work accessible to those unfamiliar with either field.
Underlying Representations
Authors: Krämer Martin
Published: November 2012

At the heart of generative phonology lies the assumption that the sounds of every language have abstract underlying representations, which undergo various changes in order to generate the 'surface' representations; that is, the sounds we actually pronounce. The existence, status and form of underlying representations have been hotly debated in phonological research since the introduction of the phoneme in the nineteenth century. This book provides a comprehensive overview of theories of the mental representation of the sounds of language. How does the mind store and process phonological representations? Krämer surveys the development of the concept of underlying representation over the last 100 years or so within the field of generative phonology. He considers phonological patterns, psycholinguistic experiments, statistical generalisations over data corpora and phenomena such as hypercorrection. The book offers a new understanding of contrastive features and proposes a modification of the optimality-theoretic approach to the generation of underlying representations.
Measuring the Universe
Authors: Rieke George H.
Published: November 2012

Astronomy is an observational science, renewed and even revolutionized by new developments in instrumentation. With the resulting growth of multiwavelength investigation as an engine of discovery, it is increasingly important for astronomers to understand the underlying physical principles and operational characteristics for a broad range of instruments. This comprehensive text is ideal for graduate students, active researchers and instrument developers. It is a thorough review of how astronomers obtain their data, covering current approaches to astronomical measurements from radio to gamma rays. The focus is on current technology rather than the history of the field, allowing each topic to be discussed in depth. Areas covered include telescopes, detectors, photometry, spectroscopy, adaptive optics and high-contrast imaging, millimeter-wave and radio receivers, radio and optical/infrared interferometry, and X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy, all at a level that bridges the gap between the basic principles of optics and the subject's abundant specialist literature. Color versions of figures and solutions to selected problems are available online at www.cambridge.org/9780521762298.
The Cambridge Introduction to Poetic Form
Authors: Hurley Michael D. , O'Neill Michael
Published: November 2012

Michael D. Hurley and Michael O'Neill offer a perceptive and illuminating look into poetic form, a topic that has come back into prominence in recent years. Building on this renewed interest in form, Hurley and O'Neill provide an accessible and comprehensive introduction that will be of help to undergraduates and more advanced readers of poetry alike. The book sees form as neither ornamenting nor mimicking content, but as shaping and animating it, encouraging readers to cultivate techniques to read poems as poems. Lively and wide-ranging, engaging with poems as aesthetic experiences, the book includes a long chapter on the elements of form that throws new light on troubling terms such as rhythm and metre, as well as a detailed introduction and accessible, stimulating chapters on lyric, the sonnet, elegy, soliloquy, dramatic monologue and ballad and narrative.
Set-Theoretic Methods for the Social Sciences
Authors: Schneider Carsten Q. , Wagemann Claudius
Published: November 2012

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and other set-theoretic methods distinguish themselves from other approaches to the study of social phenomena by using sets and the search for set relations. In virtually all social science fields, statements about social phenomena can be framed in terms of set relations, and using set-theoretic methods to investigate these statements is therefore highly valuable. This book guides readers through the basic principles of set theory and then on to the applied practices of QCA. It provides a thorough understanding of basic and advanced issues in set-theoretic methods together with tricks of the trade, software handling and exercises. Most arguments are introduced using examples from existing research. The use of QCA is increasing rapidly and the application of set-theory is both fruitful and still widely misunderstood in current empirical comparative social research. This book provides the comprehensive guide to these methods for researchers across the social sciences.
Kant: Natural Science
Authors: Kant Immanuel
Published: November 2012

Though Kant is best known for his strictly philosophical works in the 1780s, many of his early publications in particular were devoted to what we would call 'natural science'. Kant's Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens (1755) made a significant advance in cosmology, and he was also instrumental in establishing the newly emerging discipline of physical geography, lecturing on it for almost his entire career. In this volume Eric Watkins brings together new English translations of Kant's first publication, Thoughts on the True Estimation of Living Forces (1746–1749), the entirety of Physical Geography (1802), a series of shorter essays, along with many of Kant's most important publications in natural science. The volume is rich in material for the student and the scholar, with extensive linguistic and explanatory notes, editorial introductions and a glossary of key terms.
The Transatlantic Century
Authors: Nolan Mary
Published: November 2012

This is a fascinating new overview of European-American relations during the long twentieth century. Ranging from economics, culture and consumption to war, politics and diplomacy, Mary Nolan charts the rise of American influence in Eastern and Western Europe, its mid-twentieth century triumph and its gradual erosion since the 1970s. She reconstructs the circuits of exchange along which ideas, commodities, economic models, cultural products and people moved across the Atlantic, capturing the differing versions of modernity that emerged on both sides of the Atlantic and examining how these alternately produced co-operation, conflict and ambivalence toward the other. Attributing the rise and demise of American influence in Europe not only to economics but equally to wars, the book locates the roots of many transatlantic disagreements in very different experiences and memories of war. This is an unprecedented account of the American Century in Europe that recovers its full richness and complexity.
Stochastic Calculus for Finance
Authors: Capiński Marek , Kopp Ekkehard , Traple Janusz
Published: November 2012

This book focuses specifically on the key results in stochastic processes that have become essential for finance practitioners to understand. The authors study the Wiener process and Itô integrals in some detail, with a focus on results needed for the Black–Scholes option pricing model. After developing the required martingale properties of this process, the construction of the integral and the Itô formula (proved in detail) become the centrepiece, both for theory and applications, and to provide concrete examples of stochastic differential equations used in finance. Finally, proofs of the existence, uniqueness and the Markov property of solutions of (general) stochastic equations complete the book. Using careful exposition and detailed proofs, this book is a far more accessible introduction to Itô calculus than most texts. Students, practitioners and researchers will benefit from its rigorous, but unfussy, approach to technical issues. Solutions to the exercises are available online.
Syntax
Authors: Freidin Robert
Published: November 2012

Syntax: Basic Concepts and Applications provides a systematic introduction to core topics in syntax, focusing on how the basic concepts apply in the analysis of sentences. Assuming no background in linguistic analysis, the book gives students a working knowledge of syntactic analysis from a minimalist perspective. Step by step it explains the fundamentals of phrase structure, movement and deletion. Well-placed exercises throughout reinforce and extend the concepts and analyses presented in the text, allowing readers to gain understanding of progressively complex issues at a comfortable pace. Much of the data comes from English, but crucial examples are also drawn from a range of other languages, including Russian, Chinese, Japanese, French, Italian, Spanish, Irish, Welsh and Greek.
Geometry from a Differentiable Viewpoint
Authors: McCleary John
Published: November 2012

The development of geometry from Euclid to Euler to Lobachevsky, Bolyai, Gauss and Riemann is a story that is often broken into parts – axiomatic geometry, non-Euclidean geometry and differential geometry. This poses a problem for undergraduates: Which part is geometry? What is the big picture to which these parts belong? In this introduction to differential geometry, the parts are united with all of their interrelations, motivated by the history of the parallel postulate. Beginning with the ancient sources, the author first explores synthetic methods in Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry and then introduces differential geometry in its classical formulation, leading to the modern formulation on manifolds such as space-time. The presentation is enlivened by historical diversions such as Huygens's clock and the mathematics of cartography. The intertwined approaches will help undergraduates understand the role of elementary ideas in the more general, differential setting. This thoroughly revised second edition includes numerous new exercises and a new solution key. New topics include Clairaut's relation for geodesics and the use of transformations such as the reflections of the Beltrami disk.
Contract Law
Authors: Bix Brian H.
Published: November 2012

To gain a deep understanding of contract law, one needs to master not only the rules and principles of the field, but also its underlying theory and justification, and its long and intricate history. This book offers an accessible introduction to all aspects of American contract law, useful to both first-year law students and advanced contract scholars. The book is grounded on up-to-date scholarship and contains detailed references to cases, statutes, Restatements and international legal principles. The book takes the reader from contract formation through interpretation and remedies, considering both the practical and theoretical aspects throughout. Each chapter also includes helpful lists of suggested further reading.
The Black–Scholes Model
Authors: Capiński Marek , Kopp Ekkehard
Published: November 2012

The Black–Scholes option pricing model is the first and by far the best-known continuous-time mathematical model used in mathematical finance. Here, it provides a sufficiently complex, yet tractable, testbed for exploring the basic methodology of option pricing. The discussion of extended markets, the careful attention paid to the requirements for admissible trading strategies, the development of pricing formulae for many widely traded instruments and the additional complications offered by multi-stock models will appeal to a wide class of instructors. Students, practitioners and researchers alike will benefit from the book's rigorous, but unfussy, approach to technical issues. It highlights potential pitfalls, gives clear motivation for results and techniques and includes carefully chosen examples and exercises, all of which make it suitable for self-study.
Physical Foundations of Continuum Mechanics
Authors: Murdoch A. Ian
Published: November 2012

Ian Murdoch's Physical Foundations of Continuum Mechanics will interest engineers, mathematicians, and physicists who study the macroscopic behaviour of solids and fluids or engage in molecular dynamical simulations. In contrast to standard works on the subject, Murdoch's book examines physical assumptions implicit in continuum modelling from a molecular perspective. In so doing, physical interpretations of concepts and fields are clarified by emphasising both their microscopic origin and sensitivity to scales of length and time. Murdoch expertly applies this approach to theories of mixtures, generalised continua, fluid flow through porous media, and systems whose molecular content changes with time. Elements of statistical mechanics are included, for comparison, and two extensive appendices address relevant mathematical concepts and results. This unique and thorough work is an authoritative reference for both students and experts in the field.
Sport, Democracy and War in Classical Athens
Authors: Pritchard David M.
Published: November 2012

Athenian democracy may have opened up politics to every citizen, but it had no impact on participation in sport. The city's sportsmen continued to be drawn from the elite, and so it comes as a surprise that sport was very popular with non-elite citizens of the classical period, who rewarded victorious sportsmen lavishly and created an unrivalled program of local sporting festivals on which they spent staggering sums of money. They also shielded sportsmen from the public criticism which was otherwise normally directed towards the elite and its conspicuous activities. This book is a bold and novel exploration of this apparent contradiction, which examines three of the fundamental aspects of Athens in the classical period - democratic politics, public commitment to sport and constant warfare - and is essential reading for all of those who are interested in Greek sport, Athenian democracy and its waging of war.
Stochastic Geometry for Wireless Networks
Authors: Haenggi Martin
Published: November 2012

Covering point process theory, random geometric graphs and coverage processes, this rigorous introduction to stochastic geometry will enable you to obtain powerful, general estimates and bounds of wireless network performance and make good design choices for future wireless architectures and protocols that efficiently manage interference effects. Practical engineering applications are integrated with mathematical theory, with an understanding of probability the only prerequisite. At the same time, stochastic geometry is connected to percolation theory and the theory of random geometric graphs and accompanied by a brief introduction to the R statistical computing language. Combining theory and hands-on analytical techniques with practical examples and exercises, this is a comprehensive guide to the spatial stochastic models essential for modelling and analysis of wireless network performance.
Death and Dynasty in Early Imperial Rome
Authors: Lott J. Bert
Published: November 2012

The founding of the Roman Principate was a time of great turmoil. This book brings together a set of important Latin inscriptions, including the recently discovered documents concerning the death of Germanicus and trial of Cn. Piso, in order to illustrate the developing sense of dynasty that underpinned the new monarchy of Augustus. Each inscription is supplied with its original text, a new English translation, and a full introduction and historical commentary that will be useful to students and scholars alike. The book also provides important technical help in understanding the production and interpretation of documents and inscriptions, thereby making it an excellent starting point for introducing students to Roman epigraphy.
Commerce and Its Discontents in Eighteenth-Century French Political Thought
Authors: Terjanian Anoush Fraser
Published: November 2012

Histories of economics tend to portray attitudes towards commerce in the era of Adam Smith as celebrating what is termed doux commerce, that is, sweet or gentle commerce. Commerce and Its Discontents in Eighteenth-Century French Political Thought proposes that reliance on this doux commerce thesis has obscured our comprehension of the theory and experience of commerce in Enlightenment Europe. Instead, it uncovers ambivalence towards commerce in eighteenth-century France, distinguished by an awareness of its limits - slavery, piracy and monopoly. Through a careful analysis of the Histoire des deux Indes (1780), the Enlightenment's best-selling history of comparative empires, Anoush Fraser Terjanian offers a new perspective on the connections between political economy, imperialism and the Enlightenment. In discussing how a 'politics of definition' governed the early debates about global commerce and its impact, this book enriches our understanding of the prehistory of globalisation.
Parallel Computer Organization and Design
Authors: Dubois Michel , Annavaram Murali , Stenström Per
Published: November 2012

Teaching fundamental design concepts and the challenges of emerging technology, this textbook prepares students for a career designing the computer systems of the future. In-depth coverage of complexity, power, reliability and performance, coupled with treatment of parallelism at all levels, including ILP and TLP, provides the state-of-the-art training that students need. The whole gamut of parallel architecture design options is explained, from core microarchitecture to chip multiprocessors to large-scale multiprocessor systems. All the chapters are self-contained, yet concise enough that the material can be taught in a single semester, making it perfect for use in senior undergraduate and graduate computer architecture courses. The book is also teeming with practical examples to aid the learning process, showing concrete applications of definitions. With simple models and codes used throughout, all material is made open to a broad range of computer engineering/science students with only a basic knowledge of hardware and software.
Structure of Materials
Authors: De Graef Marc , McHenry Michael E.
Published: November 2012

This highly readable, popular textbook for upper undergraduates and graduates comprehensively covers the fundamentals of crystallography and symmetry, applying these concepts to a large range of materials. New to this edition are more streamlined coverage of crystallography, additional coverage of magnetic point group symmetry and updated material on extraterrestrial minerals and rocks. New exercises at the end of chapters, plus over 500 additional exercises available online, allow students to check their understanding of key concepts and put into practice what they have learnt. Over 400 illustrations within the text help students visualise crystal structures and more abstract mathematical objects, supporting more difficult topics like point group symmetries. Historical and biographical sections add colour and interest by giving an insight into those who have contributed significantly to the field. Supplementary online material includes password-protected solutions, over 100 crystal structure data files, and Powerpoints of figures from the book.
Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences
Authors: Dunning Thad
Published: November 2012

This unique book is the first comprehensive guide to the discovery, analysis, and evaluation of natural experiments - an increasingly popular methodology in the social sciences. Thad Dunning provides an introduction to key issues in causal inference, including model specification, and emphasizes the importance of strong research design over complex statistical analysis. Surveying many examples of standard natural experiments, regression-discontinuity designs, and instrumental-variables designs, Dunning highlights both the strengths and potential weaknesses of these methods, aiding researchers in better harnessing the promise of natural experiments while avoiding the pitfalls. Dunning also demonstrates the contribution of qualitative methods to natural experiments and proposes new ways to integrate qualitative and quantitative techniques. Chapters complete with exercises and appendices covering specialized topics such as cluster-randomized natural experiments, make this an ideal teaching tool as well as a valuable book for professional researchers.
The Writing Culture of Ordinary People in Europe, c.1860–1920
Authors: Lyons Martyn
Published: November 2012

As war and mass emigration across oceans increased the distances between ordinary people in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many of them, previously barely literate and unaccustomed to writing, began to communicate on paper. This fascinating account explores this surge of ordinary writing, how people met the new challenges of literacy and the importance of scribal culture to the history of individual experience in modern Europe. Focusing on correspondence and other writing genres produced by French and Italian soldiers in the trenches in the First World War, as well as Spanish emigrants to the Americas, the book reveals how these writings were influenced by dialect and oral speech and were oblivious to the rules of grammar, spelling and punctuation. Through their sometimes moving stories, we gain an insight into the importance to ordinary peasants of family, village and nation at a time of rapid social and cultural change.
Ruskin and the English Lakes
Authors: Rawnsley Hardwicke Drummond
Published: November 2012

John Ruskin (1819–1900), the influential Victorian art critic and social theorist, lived in the Lake District for nearly 30 years. This biographical study, first published in 1901, focuses on the significance of the region in Ruskin's life and art. It begins with his first visit as a five-year-old, when he became ''a dedicated spirit' to the beauty and the wonders of Nature', and ends with accounts of his funeral and memorial at Coniston. It describes his commitment to the local people and their traditional crafts, and his relationship with the poet Wordsworth. The author, H. D. Rawnsley (1851–1920), was a clergyman, conservationist and keen art lover based in the Lake District who had been personally tutored by Ruskin and who was one of the founders, in 1884, of the heritage organisation that became the National Trust.
Scientific Method in Brief
Authors: Gauch, Jr Hugh G.
Published: November 2012

The fundamental principles of the scientific method are essential for enhancing perspective, increasing productivity, and stimulating innovation. These principles include deductive and inductive logic, probability, parsimony and hypothesis testing, as well as science's presuppositions, limitations, ethics and bold claims of rationality and truth. The examples and case studies drawn upon in this book span the physical, biological and social sciences; include applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine; and also explore science's interrelationships with disciplines in the humanities such as philosophy and law. Informed by position papers on science from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, National Academy of Sciences and National Science Foundation, this book aligns with a distinctively mainstream vision of science. It is an ideal resource for anyone undertaking a systematic study of scientific method for the first time, from undergraduates to professionals in both the sciences and the humanities.
Harmony
Authors: Prout Ebenezer
Published: November 2012

The music scholar, composer and editor Ebenezer Prout (1835–1909) is best known for his edition of Handel's Messiah and as the man who put words to the fugue subjects in Bach's Well-tempered Klavier. He taught at the Royal Academy of Music (numbering Henry Wood amongst his pupils) and the reputation he established through his works on music theory gained him the post of Professor of Music at Trinity College, Dublin. This is the sixteenth (1903) edition, of his 1889 treatise on harmony which ran through over twenty editions, such was its popularity. This edition marks a significant change in Prout's approach to the theory of harmony, moving from a scientific exposition using the harmonic series to a more aesthetic style, which resulted in extensive re-casting of the work and an entirely new key to the exercises. This reprint includes the analytical key to the exercises.
Music
Authors: Smith Hannah
Published: November 2012

Hannah Smith (1849–1939) was a composer for children and an educator. In 1903 she published the popular Founders of Music, a series of biographical sketches of composers written for children. Written in 1898, when Wagner had been dead for only fifteen years, this is a concise history of music and instruments, aimed at the enthusiast. Covering broad subjects rather than concentrating on a few composers, Smith discusses not just the development of musical styles but also how musical notation developed, how the ear functions and how musical instruments produce the sounds they do. The tastes of the time are evident, particularly in the surprisingly detailed discussion of the Oratorio: however, the book allows us to see how music and its progress were regarded at the turn of the twentieth century, before composers such as Stravinsky and Schoenberg shook the musical establishment.