bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern demographic problems of the Republic of Tuva
Authors: Soyan Shonchalay
Published: September 2023

The article gives an assessment of modern demographic problems in the border region of Russia — the Republic of Tuva. The results of the study are presented by methods of grouping, generalization, comparative, structural, logical and statistical analysis, graphic method. The empirical basis for theoretical generalizations and practical developments was the data of Rosstat, Krasnoyarsk State Statistics Service, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tuva and others. The Republic of Tuva has a high birth rate (20.0‰) (2nd place in 2021 among the regions of Russia after the Chechen Republic (20.1‰), exceeding the mortality rate of the population, which looks favorably against the all-Russian background. Nevertheless, according to the results of the study of demographic processes in the republic, unfavorable trends in the demographic situation have also been revealed: a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in mortality rate, a decrease in the population of the majority of kozhuuns (municipal districts). By 2021, in comparison with 2000, there was a decrease in the population in 10 of 17 kozhuuns of the republic. Of particular concern is migration outflow, which is the main factor of the decline in the population of the border kozhuuns of the Republic of Tuva. The conducted forecasting for the short term showed a slight increase in the population of Tuva. The cluster analysis made it possible to identify the kozhuuns with the most favorable, deteriorating and unfavorable demographic situation. Favorable demographic situation is observed only in the city of Kyzyl — the capital of the Republic of Tuva. A relatively favorable demographic characteristic is observed only in 6 kozhuuns of the republic. The risks of population decline are observed in 5 kozhuuns. 7 kozhuuns of Tuva are marked by an unfavorable demographic situation.
Demographic situation in China and its potential influence on the Chinese economy
Authors: Babaev Kirill
Published: September 2023

The article analyses the origins of the current demographic situation in China, its perception in Western scientific and expert circles, as well as the measures of today’s demographic policy of the PRC authorities and forecasts for further changes in the structure of the Chinese economy in the context of the “second demographic transition” taking place in the country. The main phases in the demographic policy of China since the creation of the PRC are briefly described: from the active encouragement of fertility in the 1950s and 1960s to the “one family — one child” policy of severe restrictions (1980–2015) and then return to the encouragement of fertility. It is shown that the current demographic policy of the Chinese authorities not only meets the economic needs but also has a social and ideological dimension, returning the country to traditional Confucian ideas of the role of population growth as a factor of the country’s power and prosperity. At the same time, the measures of the present Chinese authorities do not demonstrate a high level of efficiency and are unlikely to reverse the trend of the demographic transition. Still the paper concludes that the forecasts of some experts about the inevitable loss of growth momentum in the Chinese economy in the context of the natural population decline that began in 2022 cannot be considered fully realistic. China actually follows the global trend of transition to a “plateau” in population growth, as gradually becoming one of developed economies of the world. China’s future political and economic influence in the world will depend rather on the quality than on the size of its population and labor force.
Changes in China’s demographic policy in 2010–2021
Authors: Wang Shaofu , Jia Xianning , Mishchuk Svetlana
Published: September 2023

The demographic situation in China at the end of the 20th — beginning of the 21st centuries was characterized by transformations concerning both the general dynamics of the population, and the changes in the age, gender, and educational structures. At the beginning of the 21st century, China’s demographic policy measures evolved significantly. The main objective of this study is to identify the priority directions of demographic policy including support for the birth rate at the present stage. The article presents results of the analysis of the main demographic indicators, proposes a typology of the factors of the current demographic situation including historical, ideological and material backgrounds. The second part of the artivle provides an analysis of the main measures aimed at supporting the birth rate at the country level as a whole, and in separate provinces. The analysis is based on the regulatory documents concerning the birth rate policy in China in the period from 2010 to 2021, as well as the data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. It is shown that during the past decade in China the family planning and birth control have been replaced by an active policy of stimulating the birth rate. Financial instruments play an important role in shaping the main areas of birth support. In addition, much attention is paid by the state to the issue of expanding the childcare infrastructure, educational institutions, creating preferential conditions for women with children in the field of employment, etc.
Social well-being in coronacrisis: Who took the brunt of it?
Authors: Loginov Dmitry
Published: September 2023

Basing on the data from the representative sociological survey held by the Institute of Social Analysis and Forecasting RANEPA in March 2021, the socio-economic difficulties faced by various groups of the Russian population during the pandemic year were studied. It was found out that the negative trend of financial well-being rather widely characterizing Russians was most widespread among the middle-aged Russians and among those holding the lowest employment positions. The practice of consumer savings, which is slightly differentiated by demographic groups, is in the highest degree (at the level higher than 80%) related to those who have low financial status and significant loan burden. Two thirds of the working respondents, primarily representatives of management-level, faced a variety of problems in the sphere of employment caused by the specifics of the crisis context. Mass shift to a remote format of employment which became quite successful as a situational adaptive mechanism has turned out to be associated with decrease in work productivity and comfort of working duties performance. More than half of the respondents faced changes in habitual recreational and leisure practices, and 23% of them—significant changes. Women, representatives of the most active youth cohort and dwellers of megacities perceive these changes most acutely. The period under consideration is characterized by significant negative dynamics in interpersonal trust beyond the “nearest circle” in all socio-demographic groups of the population. Social interactions of Russians are mostly developed within “the nearest circle of communication”, firstly—with relatives; the level of trust and hope for help in case of need from governmental and public institutes is much lower. Representatives of the least resource-rich groups of the population show a lower level of involvement in the networks of potential social support that further limits the adaptation potential of the vulnerable strata of population.
Analysis of the regional differentiation factors of indicators of electricity consumption by the population of Russia
Authors: Ryumina Elena
Published: September 2023

In the article, the attitude of the population to energy conservation is considered as one of the characteristics of human potential. A strong differentiation of the indicator of electricity consumption by the population by countries and Russian regions is shown, a number of factors influencing the identified differences are analyzed. Hypothetically, the following seven factors are identified: climate; average per capita income of the population; rate of poverty; proportion of people with higher education; ratio of urban and rural population; age structure of the population; level of gasification of the housing stock. The information for analysis was taken not only from the federal statistical collections, but also for each region, that made data collecting very difficult. Correlations between the per capita electricity consumption by the population and these factors are determined. It is shown that people are more inclined to save their electricity costs than the electric energy itself, i.e. electricity tariffs for the population play a decisive role in stimulating energy saving. Per capita electricity costs have a positive relationship with average per capita income and a negative relationship with poverty rate. The rural population consumes less electricity per capita than the urban population. The impact of the population age structure on per capita energy consumption was found: the higher the proportion of the able-bodied population, the lower the electricity consumption, and vice versa, energy consumption is higher in regions with a larger proportion of the older generation. Due to the different levels of gasification by regions, the sample, formed from the regions with approximately the same level of gasification of the housing stock, was separately studied. The results of the correlation analysis of this sample turned out to differ little from the results obtained for all 85 regions. The exception was the relationship between the volume of electricity consumption and the level of higher education — in the sample there was a much closer negative relationship between these indicators.
Diagnosi di Pneumocystis Jirovecii in una persona HIV positiva tramite tecniche tradizionale e metodi di biologia molecolare.
Authors: Alessandra Petrocelli Paola , al. et
Published: September 2023

Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJ) è un microrganismo ubiquitario (micete) trasmesso per via aerea.
Persone immunocompromesse (individui HIV-positivi con conta linfocitaria CD4+ T <200 cell/micoL, disordini linfoproliferativi, trapianto di cellule staminali, malattia di Cushing) sono a rischio di sviluppare polmonite da PJ. Gli autori presentano un caso di polmonite da PJ, la cui diagnosi è stata confermata sia da lavaggio broncoalveolare (BAL) sia dal plasma del paziente con identificazione microscopica.
Il nostro paziente era un uomo caucasico di 35 anni, ricoverato nel reparto di malattie infettive dell’ospedale Sa Luca di Lucca, dal momento che presentava sintomi caratterizzati da febbre, dispnea, e immagine radiologica (tomografia computerizzata torace) compatibile con polmonite interstiziale bilaterale. L’uomo è stato sottoposto a BAL e prelievo di sangue periferico. I campioni sono stati analizzati con tecniche di biologia molecolare per il rilevamento e la quantificazione del DNA di PJ. Il campione BAL è anche stato analizzato per la ricerca microscopica di PJ. I campioni analizzati sono risultati positivi per PJ, sia in RT-PCR che in microscopia ottica.
Gestione delle complicanze in una persona di 66 anni con infezione da HIV e diabete: focus su nuove terapie long-acting.
Authors: Limongelli Alessandro , al. et
Published: September 2023

Il nostro caso mette in evidenza le probabili interazioni tra i farmaci antidiabetici orali e gli antiretrovirali di cabotegravir e rilpivirina long acting. Con il crescente utilizzo di antiretrovirali long acting, è fondamentale valutare attentamente l'effetto di questi trattamenti combinati sulla sicurezza e sull'efficacia sulle terapie concomitanti, specialmente riguardo le possibili interazioni farmacologiche, che molto spesso non sono segnalate.
Con una popolazione di persone con HIV che invecchia, alcuni di questi possono sviluppare patologie come il diabete mellito, per cui la comprensione dell'interazione tra questi regimi terapeutici è essenziale per ottimizzare la cura dei pazienti.  Si vuole cercare quindi di porre l’attenzione sui pazienti trattati con entrambe le categorie di farmaci, valutando la risposta glicemica, la soppressione virale e i potenziali effetti avversi.
Il nostro scopo è di fornire un input ad uno studio più ampio sulle interazioni farmacologiche tra farmaci antidiabetici orali e cabotegravir/rilpivirina long acting, per una gestione ottimale e sicura dei pazienti. L'obiettivo primario è quello di portare alla luce un quadro clinico osservato durante la nostra pratica clinica quotidiana, che possa contribuire all'ottimizzazione del trattamento dei pazienti affetti da queste due complesse condizioni cliniche.
Von Gaben, Artefakten und Kultgegenständen – Zeugnislernen als Methode interreligiösen Lernens
Authors: Sajak Clauß Peter
Published: September 2023

Die Begrifflichkeit variiert: Die einen sprechen von Artefakten, die anderen von Kultgegen­ständen. Im englischen Diskurs ist von der Gabe die Rede, die deutsche Diskussion dreht sich um das Zeugnis. Immer aber geht es um Gegenstände, mit denen religiöse Handlungen vollzogen werden, und die somit Zeugnis geben von einer bestimmten Glaubenspraxis. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen gibt es kaum. Die Einführung und Evaluation der trialogisch verantworteten Neuausgabe von ‚Kippa, Kelch, Koran‘, einem Praxisbuchs zum Zeugnislernen, kann Anlass geben, diese im schulischen Religionsunterricht häufig eingesetzte Methode genauer zu betrachten.
Rothenbusch, Nina (2021). Studentische Rollenkonzepte im Praxistest. Einflussfaktoren und Entwicklungsverläufe. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer. ISBN 978-3-17-041640-6. 408 Seiten.
Authors: Bertram Daniel
Published: September 2023

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Riegel, Ulrich / Zimmermann, Mirjam (2022). Evaluation des konfessionell-kooperativen Religionsunterrichts in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer. ISBN 978-3-17-043134-8. 333 Seiten.
Authors: Hüster Jonas Maximilian
Published: September 2023

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Potential effects of Chinese herbs on iron metabolism for the treatment of stroke
Authors: Guo Wen-Juan , Ding Hai-Ling , Zhang Qi-Hui
Published: September 2023

Stroke has become the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Its morbidity and mortality are on the rise, seriously jeopardizing the health and quality of life of the elderly. A growing number of studies have identified ferroptosis as an important mechanism of pathological cell death during stroke and other acute brain injuries, and studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis inhibitors and ion chelators are effective in improving neurological damage and related cerebral ischemia manifestations in the development of stroke. This suggests that there are potential targets in the ferroptosis pathway to regulate stroke. The synergistic effect of Chinese herbs with multiple components, multiple pathways, and multiple targets is a unique advantage for stroke prevention and treatment. The aim of this article is to describe the role and influence of Chinese herbs in the pathology of ferroptosis injury in stroke, and to provide evidence that Chinese herbs can treat or reduce neurological injury after stroke by targeting ferroptosis.
Mechanisms of nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Wu Hongli , Zhang Shuo-Qing , Hong Xin
Published: September 2023

Nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling (RCC) reactions using two carbon electrophiles as coupling partners provide one of the most reliable and straightforward protocols for facile construction of valuable C-C bonds in the realm of organic chemistry. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the methodological developments and mechanistic studies of these reactions. This review summarizes four widely accepted mechanisms for RCC reactions that have been proposed by experiments or density functional theory calculations. The major difference between these four types of mechanisms lies in the oxidation state of the active catalyst, the change in the valence of nickel during the catalytic cycle, the involvement of carbon radicals, and the form in which the radicals are present. Herein, we focus on covering representative advancements in experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies, aiming to offer vital mechanistic insights into key intermediates, reaction rates, the activation modes of electrophiles, rate- or selectivity-determining steps, and the origin of the cross-selectivity.
Customer intention to reuse self-ordering kiosks in fast-food restaurant: the case of Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Marinakou Evangelia , Giousmpasoglou Charalampos , Sakulrungsap Kanpisuth
Published: September 2023

Purpose – The food sector has embraced new technologies in customer service, including self-ordering kiosks (SOKs). Such a service allows customers to select, customize, and pay for their meals through a device or kiosk. This study investigates customer satisfaction and intentions to reuse SOKs in the fast food context. Methodology/Design/Approach – This empirical study is based on quantitative research; an online survey with a self-administered questionnaire was designed to measure customer satisfaction and intention to reuse SOKs among adult Thai McDonald’s customers in Bangkok. Findings – The results indicate that service quality dimensions, perceived value, and customer experience influence customer satisfaction, which in turn influences reuse intention. The results suggest that the fast food self-service ordering system is a unique service environment that requires its own focus in academic study and management. Practical implications - Management implications suggest that service standards for selfservice kiosks must be consistent with customer expectations during the customer-machine service encounter. Originality of the research - The study suggests that research needs to be responsive to the swift and ongoing changes in the technological environment, as these changes could affect customer experience; we also propose that more empirical research should be conducted in the Western context to examine differences in customer experience.
Novel Data Analyses Explain the Seasonal Variation of Peptic Ulcers
Authors: Dong Simon Xin Min
Published: September 2023

Background: The seasonal variation of peptic ulcers is a rhythmic phenomenon reported worldwide, exhibiting diverse patterns and controversies. Unfortunately, it has remained an unresolved mystery for more than 90 years. Numerous studies have found that this phenomenon was closely associated with multiple environmental factors, but the underlying mechanism has never been elucidated. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the seasonal variation of peptic ulcers and identify the role of environmental factors in the disease. Methods: Based on a recently identified etiology of peptic ulcers, two inverse operations in calculus, differentiation and integration, are iterated to analyze the existing data. First, the fluctuation curve in the seasonal variation is differentiated twice into the monthly incidences caused by multiple individual environmental factors, and the fluctuation curve due to each individual environmental factor is generated separately. Second, the monthly incidences caused by the individual environmental factors are integrated twice to reproduce the fluctuation curves in the seasonal variation of peptic ulcers. Results: The differentiations of the fluctuation curves in the season variation reveal a parallel relationship between the psychological impacts of each individual environmental factor and the monthly incidences of peptic ulcers. The integrations of the monthly incidences caused by 3 environmental factors reproduce the fluctuation curves in 3 representative seasonal patterns of peptic ulcers but make the parallel relationships invisible. Discussion: The parallel relationships revealed a causal role of environmental factors in peptic ulcers, whereas the reproduction of the fluctuation curves elucidated that multiple environmental factors cause the seasonal variation of peptic ulcers by Superposition Mechanism. The regional differences in environmental factors result in the diverse patterns, as well as the controversy questioning the seasonality of peptic ulcers. Significantly, the data analyses exemplify the application of a new concept, Superposition Mechanism, which might be an indispensable methodological complement to life science and medicine.
Investigation and Causes of Spontaneous (Non-diabetic) Hypoglycaemia in Adults: Pitfalls to Avoid
Authors: Elghobashy Maiar , Gama Rousseau , Sulaiman Raashda Ainuddin
Published: September 2023

Although adult spontaneous (non-diabetic) hypoglycaemia is rare, its recognition is important for the preventative or curative treatment of the underlying cause. Establishing Whipple’s triad; low blood glucose, neuroglycopaenia and resolution of neuroglycopaenia on increasing blood glucose levels to normal or above, is essential to verify hypoglycaemia.

Awareness that hypoglycaemia may occur in severely ill patients is important for its prevention. Further investigation in such cases is unnecessary unless another cause of hypoglycaemia is suspected.

Patients are often asymptomatic and normoglycaemic at review. History of medication, self-medication, access to hypoglycaemic drugs, alcohol and comorbidity may provide aetiological clues. The investigation involves obtaining blood samples during symptoms for laboratory glucose measurement or provoking fasting or postprandial hypoglycaemia as directed by symptoms. If confirmed, insulin, c-peptide, proinsulin, beta-hydroxybutyrate are analysed in hypoglycaemic samples. These will classify hypoglycaemia due to non-ketotic hyperinsulinaemia, non-ketotic hypoinsulinaemia and ketotic hypoinsulinaemia and direct investigations to identify the underlying cause.

There are, however, many pitfalls, which may mislabel healthy individuals as “hypoglycaemic” or misdiagnose treatable or preventable causes of spontaneous hypoglycaemia. Clinical acumen and appropriate investigations will mostly identify hypoglycaemia and its cause.
Nearly Linear-Phase 2-D Recursive Digital Filters Design using
Balanced Realization Model Reduction
Authors: Omar Abdussalam , Shpak Dale , Agathoklis Panajotis
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a new method for the design of separable denominators 2-D IIR filters with nearly linear phase in the passband.

The design method is based on a balanced-realization model reduction technique.

The nearly linear-phase 2-D IIR filter is designed using 2-D model reduction from a linear-phase 2-D FIR filter, which serves as the initial filter.

The structured controllability and observability Gramians $P^s$ and $Q^s$ serve as the foundation for this technique.

These Gramians are block diagonal positive-definite matrices that satisfy 2-D Lyapunov equations.

An efficient method is used to compute these Gramians by minimizing the traces of $P^s$ and $Q^s$ under linear matrix inequalities (LMI) constraints.

The use of these Gramians ensures that the resulting 2-D IIR filter preserves stability and can be implemented using a separable denominator 2-D filter with fewer coefficients than the original 2-D FIR filter.

Numerical examples show that the proposed method compares favorably with existing techniques.
Evaluation of the Wear Resistance and Electrochemical Behaviour of Drill Bits for Drilling Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Hincapie Williams , Avellaneda Daniel , Carrillo Victor , Olaya John
Published: September 2023

Tungsten carbide inserts (TCI) and polycrystalline diamond compact (PCD) cutters used in two types of drill bits for drilling oil and gas wells were evaluated by a pin-on-disc test. The morphology of the worn surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The behavior of corrosion resistance was evaluated with the electrodynamic polarization technique. The polycrystalline diamond compact cutter has a higher hardness, better corrosion, and wear behavior compared to tungsten carbide.
Measurement of Depth Resolutions of GPR Antenna
Authors: Adams Sulf , Davordzie Randy
Published: September 2023

This research work was aimed at investigating and determining the depth resolution of a 500Mhz GPR Antenna. The survey was conducted in an open space at the Physics Department, College of science-KNUST. The MALA GPR equipment with 500MHz shielded Antenna in the common offset-mode was used to investigate the depth at which materials were buried. Concrete block, tree roots, plastic bottle with water, glass bottle and Electric wire were each buried in cavities with five different burial depths. The real depth of each material was measured both along and across the cavity and compared to their corresponding GPR measured depth. The comparison of the Real depth and the GPR depth showed almost identical depth measurements with a root mean square deviation of 0.028m. The implication of this is that the 500 Mhz GPR antenna can accurately locate and detect the position of buried materials in the subsurface at a depth within the range (0.20-0.66) m.
Sequential Regorafenib or Nivolumab Therapy in Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Sorafenib Failure in Liver Transplant Patients Does Not Improve Prognosis
Authors: Kwon Jieun , Kim Jongman , Yun Sang Oh , Park Sunghae , Lim Manuel , Yang Jaehun , Rhu Jinsoo , Choi Gyu-Seong , Joh Jae-Won
Published: September 2023

Background: Systemic treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT) are limited in patients in whom sorafenib treatment was failed. The purpose of our study was to compare outcomes among sorafenib, regorafenib, and nivolumab treatment groups in patients with recurrent HCC after LT.

Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated patients who received sorafenib for recurrent HCC treatment after LT at a single center from March 2007 to December 2018. Some patients received regorafenib or nivolumab after sorafenib treatment failure.

Results: Fifty-six patients were treated with sorafenib due to HCC recurrence. Among these, 38 patients (67.9%) continued treatment with sorafenib only; the other 18 patients (32.1%) were converted to regorafenib treatment. Ten patients (17.9%) of these 18 were converted to nivolumab after sorafenib and regorafenib therapy failed. The disease-free survival and overall survival (OS) from LT were not different among the three groups. In addition, OS from HCC recurrence, sorafenib usage, and usage of each systemic therapeutic agent were not different among the three groups. Three cases in the nivolumab group developed acute rejection; one of these led to graft failure and death due to antibody-mediated rejection.

Conclusion: Sequential regorafenib or nivolumab treatment in recurrent HCC LT patients does not improve OS compared sorafenib treatment.
High Sensitivity and Specificity in Fetal Gender Identification in the First Trimester, Using Ultrasound and Noninvasive Prenatal Screening (NIPS) in Twin Pregnancies, a Prospective Study
Authors: Svirsky Ran , Sharabi-Nov Adi , Sagie Tal , Meiri Hamutal , Orenstein Adi , Kugler Nadav , Maymon Ron
Published: September 2023

Determination of the fetal gender in the first trimester is important in twin pregnancy cases of familial X-linked genetic syndromes and helps determine chorionicity. We assessed and compared the accuracy of first-trimester ultrasound scans, and circulating cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) performed by non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) in determining fetal gender in the first trimester of twin pregnancies. For this purpose, we enrolled prospectively pregnant women with twin during the first trimester, gestational week (GA) 11-13. The fetal gender was determined using both ultrasound scans and cffDNA screening. Both results were compared to the newborn gender at delivery. A total of 113 women with twin pregnancies were enrolled. There was 100% sensitivity and specificity in Y chromosome detection using cffDNA. The accuracy of gender assignment using ultrasound in any first-trimester scans was 79.7%. Accuracy level increased from 54.2% in CRL 45-54 mm to 87.7% in CRL 55-67 mm and 91.5% in CRL 67-87 mm. Male fetuses had significantly higher chances of a gender assignment error compared to female fetuses, odds ratio = 23.57 (CI 7.356 - 75.66). This is the first study that compared the accuracy of gender determination in the first trimester by cffDNA and by ultrasound scanning in twin pregnancy. It was concluded that the cffDNA is highly sensitive and specific in determining the presence of the Y chromosome in twin pregnancies in the first trimester. Between CRL 67-87 mm, ultrasound scanning offers a highly accurate determination of fetal gender in twin pregnancies. Larger cohorts of multi-center studies are warranted.
On the Spectrum of the Screened Coulomb Potential V(r) =
Authors: Fernandez Francisco
Published: September 2023

We analyse recent contradictory results and conclusions about the spectrum of the screened Coulomb potential $V(r)=-r^{-1}e^{-C/r}$. The well known Hellmann-Feynman theorem shows that all the bound states of the Coulomb potential ($C=0$) remain bounded as $C$ increases. We derive a simple approximate analytical expression for the eigenvalues for sufficiently small values of the screening parameter $C$ and an approximate asymptotic expression for the asymptotic behaviour of the s-state eigenvalues when $C\rightarrow \infty $. Present results are expected to resolve the discrepancy about the spectrum of the quantum-mechanical model just mentioned.
Neurotransmitter and Histopathological Alteration Induced by Bifenthrin in the Brain of Oryctologus cuniculus
Authors: Tayyab Muhammad , Noman Muhammad , Nasir Shabab
Published: September 2023

Bifenthrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. It is used worldwide against different agricultural pests. Nervous system (NS) is the primary target organ for the pyrethroid group of insecticide which causes hyper excitation. The aim of this study to determine the effects of bifenthrin on the brain of rabbits. The animals were treated for 14 days with three different doses (1/5th, 1/10th and 1/15th of LD50) of bifenthrin. Neurotransmitters and Histopathological alterations were observed at the end of the experiments. Neurochemical parameters were checked 24 hours after the last dose. Significant changes in the level of biogenic amines were observed. The levels of epinephrine (EPN), dopamine (DA), 3, 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were decreased as compared to controls group with the increase in insecticide. However, norepinephrine (NE) and homovanillic acid (HVA) levels were found to be significantly higher than those of the controls. A significant reduction in the activity of the acetyl cholinesterase enzyme was found in the frontal cortex’s erythrocyte, plasma and brain of rabbit with the increase in administered bifenthrin. The oxidative stress showed significantly decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S- transferase (GST) with the increase in dose of bifenthrin. Histopathological study of brain tissues showed normal GC (glial cells) and NC (neuronal cells) in the frontal cortex of brain tissue of control groups while the treated groups showed evacuation (odema), elongation of pyramidal nucleus, glial cell damage and brain haemorrhage.
Identification Of Hijaiyah Letters Image Using Extreme Learning Machine Method
Authors: Sarifah Luluk , Khotijah Siti , Khaliqah Marinatul Khaliqah
Published: September 2023

The development of digital image processing technology has many benefits, one of which is the identification of an object, such as the identification of the image of the hijaiyah letter. Hijaiyah letters are the letters of the arabic alphabet as the original language of the Qur'an. In essence, humans have the ability to recognize and distinguish hijaiyah letter patterns from one another, but this is not the case with computers, using digital images and machine learning, in this study an identification concept was built by recognizing the image of hijaiyah letters using one of the machine learning methods. namely the extreme learning machine (ELM) method. Extreme learning machine (ELM) is a feedforward neural network with one hidden layer or better known as single hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs). Therefore, the purpose of this study is that the computer can identify objects as well as human capabilities and see how accurate the results obtained in the ELM method are. The digital image identification process using the extreme learning machine (ELM) method is carried out in two stages, namely training and testing, where previously the preprocessing process was carried out first by changing the color of the RGB image to HSV and processing the color v, then segmentation was carried out with the aim of separating the objects (foreground) with the background, then to make it easier to recognize the pattern, a morphological process is carried out. From the simulation carried out on the test data, the results obtained an average accuracy of 90% with an error of 10%.
Return Level Estimation in Spatial Extreme Value Modeling of Bali Sea Currents Velocity using The Smith and Brown-Resnick Max-Stable Process Approach
Authors: Sanjaya Nyoman Gede Trisna , Oktaviana Pratnya Paramitha , Siswono Galuh Oktavia
Published: September 2023

Bali is the world's second most popular tourist destination in 2023. One of the best tourisms is the beauty of its coasts. Even though it is the best tourism destination, it is not uncommon for disasters to occur in the coastal areas of Bali. One important factor in the occurrence of coastal disasters from waters such as tidal flooding and abrasion is ocean currents. Spatial analysis of sea currents velocity was carried out using the Smith and Brown-Resnick Max-Stable Process Approach. The purpose of this study was to determine parameter estimation and comparison of the results of Spatial Extreme Value modeling with the Smith and Brown-Resnick Max-Stable Process approach, and to determine the Return Level of Bali Sea current velocity for the same period after data testing with the best model. The data used is daily data for the period March 2, 2017 to December 30, 2020. Extreme data selection with Block Maxima uses 14 daily blocks, so there are 100 blocks for each water location. The proportion of training and testing data is 80:20. The training data follows the Generalized Extreme Value distribution and has no pattern trend (stationary). The results of the extremal coefficient measurements ranged from 1.18604 to 1.59485 indicating a fairly strong dependency between locations. The best trend surface model is a model that only has longitude coordinates on the location parameter and latitude on the scale parameter. The estimated value of the spatial parameters of the Smith model tends to be greater than that of the Brown-Resnick model. The Root Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error for the Smith model are 0.15503 and 7.75076%. Meanwhile, the Brown-Resnick model is 0.29576 and 14.12131%. Return Level values for the same period after data testing are classified as strong currents and are respectively 1.20586 m/s, 1.63592 m/s, 1.51322 m/s and 2.13233 m/s for Serangan, Gianyar, Nusa Dua, and Nusa Lembongan Waters. Information on estimated Return Levels is expected to be a consideration that can be used by related agencies such as the Coastal and Marine Resources Management Agency (BPSPL) and the Bali Province Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) as a coastal disaster mitigation effort to make it more effective, efficient and on target.
Estimation Of Parameter Regression Panel Data Model Using Least Square Dummy Variable Method
Authors: AHMAD NUR AMINAH , Raupong Raupong
Published: September 2023

Panel data regression is a set of techniques for modeling the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable of panel data. The parameter estimation in the panel data regression model used the least squares method, but the difference between the intercept and the slope could not be known between time and between cross-section. One of the methods used is the Least Square Dummy Variable method (LSDV). The LSDV method is a method that has the same stages as the least squares method, but uses dummy variable to get different intercept score. This research uses the LSDV method to explain the differences in intercept between cross-sections using balanced panel data, namely the Human Development Index (HDI) data in South Sulawesi 2011-2017 to get fixed effect panel data regression model parameters on that data and the regencies with Average Length of School (ALS) and Life Expectancy (LE) variable that has the most influence on HDI based on the coefficient of determination criteria. According to the results of this research, the score of the coefficient of determination in the panel data regression model using the fixed effect model in each cross-section (regency), there are also three regencies with the highest coefficient of determination, respectively, Gowa, Pare-pare and Bantaeng regency that ALS and LE are able to explain the HDI variables 98.942%, 98.089% and 97.444%.
Stability Analysis of the SIR-SI Model for Dengue Fever Transmission with Saturated Birth Rate
Authors: Harianto Joko , Tuturop Katarina Lodia
Published: September 2023

The SIR-SI mathematical model for the problem of dengue virus spread which has been discussed in previous studies has not involved the saturated birth rate of mosquito. This discussion aims to construct and analyze the SIR-SI model which involves competition factors in mosquito population growth so that the model used to predict the number of dengue virus infections becomes more realistic. In addition, sensitivity analysis and numerical simulations of the models that have been constructed are also discussed. The method used is a literature study using theories derived from reputable articles. The results of this discussion show that the existence of an equilibrium point and its stability depends on the basic reproduction number. If the basic reproduction number is less than one, the number of cases of dengue fever infection will decrease. However, if the basic reproduction number is more than one, the number of cases of dengue infection will not decrease and even tend to be constant at a certain number. The average parameter of bites carried out by one mosquito in all humans () is the most dominant in increasing the spread of dengue disease in humans. On the other hand, mosquitoes' natural death rate parameter () is the most dominant in reducing the spread of dengue fever in humans. This information provides input and evaluation to decision-makers in solving the problem of the spread of dengue fever.
Implementation of Cash Waqf Management (Studies at the Ziswaf Board of Kopontren Al Yasini Pasuruan)
Authors: Syadali Muhammad Rif'an , Asnawi Nur , Parmujianto Parmujianto
Published: September 2023

Waqf is one of the instruments of the Islamic economy that aims to achieve the objectives of the Islamic economy, namely producing a rich life. The concept of Waqf is still considered to be the practice of the rich, because the payment is identical to that of land and buildings. Currently, in Indonesia, there is a new method of paying off the waqf that is available, this is cash-based and is derived from Law number 41 of 2004 regarding the management of cash-based funds associated with the waqf. This investigation describes the procedure of implementing cash waqf in the Al-Yasini Kopontren Ziswaf Agency as an Amil Zakat Organization that has employed cash waqf. This research employs a qualitative methodology with data analysis methods that involve interaction. From the research results, it is apparent that the utilization of cash funds at the Al-Yasini Kopontren Ziswaf Board is invested in the form of shares in the retail business "Al Yasini Mart". The income from the dividend is dedicated to funding scholarships for impoverished, unfortunate, and unlucky Al-Yasini Islamic Boarding School students, students who are exceptional in school, and hafidz students who memorize the Quran.
Destruction investigation of foundry sand-liquid-glass cores under compression
Authors: Gutko Y. I. , Voytenko V. V.
Published: September 2023

Foundry sand cores based on organic binders have required tensile, compressive, and bending breaking points, as well as have an excellent knocking‑out ability. However, increased requirements for the environmental friendliness of the foundry have led to a renewed interest in foundry sand cores based on inorganic binders including the sand‑liquid‑glass core‑making technology. Foundry sand‑liquid‑glass cores are significantly inferior to foundry sand cores based on organic binders in terms of a knocking‑out ability due to using a sufficiently large mass fraction of sodium silicate solute to achieve required breaking points of foundry sand‑liquid‑glass cores under tension, compression, and bending, which is accompanied by a deterioration in a knocking‑out ability. Experimental studies aimed at selecting a composition of a sand‑liquid‑glass core mixture, which provides a required compressive breaking point of a foundry sand‑liquid‑glass core in combination with an improved knocking‑out ability, are carried out. Experimental results for destruction of foundry sand‑liquid‑glass cores under compression, which are showing a possibility of achieving a combination of a required compressive breaking point and a good knocking‑out ability, are presented. Ways to increase a strength of a foundry sand‑liquid‑glass core in places of contact with core locks, strengthen the most stressprone areas of a foundry core, and decrease its compressive breaking point by reducing a mass fraction of sodium silicate solute, thereby improving a knocking‑out ability, are considered. Structural robustness test results for foundry sand‑liquid‑glass cores of the investigated composition under compression, as well as an effect of adding a circulating core mixture to the composition on a compressive breaking point are discussed. An effect for inhomogeneities of a foundry sand‑liquid‑glass core on its compressive breaking point is presented. Mathematical expressions for calculating a destruction probability of a foundry core containing an inhomogeneity are obtained.
Influence of hydrogen on formation of primary structures of tin and aluminium bronze
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Y. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: September 2023

It is shown that hydrogen is a demodifying element of primary structures of tin and aluminum bronzes during their crystallization. The mechanism of influence of hydrogen on the formation of primary structures of tin and aluminum bronzes can be explained from the position of nanostructured crystallization of casting alloys. Hydrogen atoms adsorbed on elementary nanocrystals in melts prevent the combination of nanocrystals into nuclei of crystallization of microcrystals α‑phases of tin and aluminum bronzes. The result is castings with unmodified primary structures. The modifiers reduce the concentration of adsorbed hydrogen in the melts of tin and aluminum bronzes. This results in the milling of the primary phase microcrystals in the castings as they solidify.
Working conditions at the workplaces of core sections of foundries
Authors: Lazarenkov A. M. , Sadokha M. A.
Published: September 2023

The working conditions at the workplaces of foundry workers when performing work on core sites, production factors determining them are considered. The results of studies of the parameters of the working conditions of the considered professions of foundry workers in comparison with the standard values are presented. It is established that in a comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of workers in the core sections of foundries, it is necessary to take into account the duration of stay at the working equipment, the equipment and hand tools used, the type of alloy being smelted (steel, cast iron, non‑ferrous metals) and the nature of the production.
Peristaltic Transport of Non-Newtonian Fluid under Effects of Magnetic Force and Heat Transfer in a Symmetric Channel through a Porous Medium
Authors: Nassief Amaal Mohi , M. Ahmed M. Ahmed
Published: September 2023

في هذا البحث تم مناقشة تأثير القوة المغناطيسية والاشعاع الحراري للنقل التمعجي للسائل النانوي الهجين عبر وسط مسامي في قناة متناظرة .  تم استخدام طريقة (Adomain decomposition) لتوضيح السرعة المحورية ,دالة الجريان, درجة الحرارة ,تدرج الضغط ,ضغط المغناطيسي وقوة المغناطيسية . تظهر النتائج ان جسيمات الذهب النانوية لها سرعة ارتفاع مقارنة بجسيمات النحاس النانوية والسائل النانوي الهجين, والقوة المغناطيسية تزداد عندما يزداد اتساع الموجة. تم فحص درجة الحرارة ومعدل نقل الحرارة بوضوح, ولقد لوحظ أن ارتفاع الإشعاع الحراري يزيد من درجات الحرارة. اخيرا, تم عرض ظاهرة التكوين لشرح سلوك الفيزيائي للمعلمات, تم رسم تأثير المعلمات الفيزيائية باستخدام برنامج الـ  MATHEMATICA.
A selective NH3 gas sensor based on (Ag2O)1-x(SnO2)x nanocomposites thin films at various operating temperatures
Authors: Abas Nada Mohammed , Baqer Anwar Ali
Published: September 2023

تم استخدام تقنية  ترسيب الليزر النبضي  (PLD) للتحضير الأغشية الرقيقة (Ag2O)1-x(SnO2)x النانوية المركبة بنسب مختلفة من x=(0, 0.2,0.4) من النسب الوزنية  المرسبة على قواعد زجاجية. تم تلدين الأفلام بعد ذلك في الهواء لمدة ساعتين عند 300 درجة مئوية. تم تأكيد تشكيل  المركب (Ag2O)1-x(SnO2)x  من خلال تحقيق حيود الأشعة السينية(XRD). وفقًا للفحص المجهري الإلكتروني الماسح (FESEM) ، كانت جزيئات (Ag2O)1-x(SnO2)x  التي تم إنشاؤها كروية الشكل. تم أستخدم تحليل مطياف تشتت الاشعة السينية  (EDX) لتأكيد العناصر الموجودة في الأفلام المركبة.اظهر تحليل القوة الذرية المجهري (AFM) أن الأفلام الناتجة لها حجم حبيبي  بين 37.68 -49.57 نانومتر وخشونة  متوسط الجذر التربيعي (RMS ) من 4.92 إلى 8.22 نانومتر. تحتوي الأفلام المحضرة على فجوة طاقة مباشرة بين 2.06 و 3.36 الكترون فولت ، وفقاً لبيانات لبيانات المطياف المرئي للأشعة فوق البنفسجية (UV-Vis) . تم اختبار الأفلام لاستشعار NH3 تحت درجات حرارة تشغيل مختلفة. الاختلافات الملحوظة في مقاومة الغشاء الرقيق لاستجابة استشعار الغاز تدل على الموصلية من النوع n او النوع p عند الغازالمختزل ، تزداد مقاومة أفلام (Ag2O)1-x(SnO2)x عندما تكون x=0, 0.2wt ، مما يشير إلى أن الأفلام من النوع p ، ومع ذلك ، فإن الفيلم الرقيق يعرض السلوك العكسي عندما x = 0.4wt  ، مما يشير إلى أنه من النوع n بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، أظهرت  جميع الأفلام التي تم إنتاجها حساسية  لغاز NH3 بتركيز 95 جزء في المليون. يمتلك الغشاء الرقيق  Ag2O  حساسية بنسبة 50.5٪ عند درجة حرارة تشغيل 200 درجة مئوية مع أوقات استجابة واسترداد تبلغ 22.5 و 39.6 ثانية على التوالي.علاوة على ذلك أظهرت الأغشية الرقيقة المركبة حساسية أكبرمن الأغشية الرقيقة المصنوعة من أوكسيد الفضة النقي.
Sustainable Tertiary Accelerator of Sulfur Vulcanization of NR and SBR Rubbers From Natural Tree Extract
Authors: Berto Nardeen A. , Braihi Auda J. , Al-Maamori Mohammed H.
Published: September 2023

تم تحضير معجل جديد, طبيعي, رخيص, ومتاح يستخدم في انظمة فلكنة المطاط الطبيعي NR)) و مطاط الستايرين بيوتادايين ((SBR وقد تم تحضير هذا المعجل من المخلفات الزراعية. حيث تم اضافة مسحوق مجفف لمستخلص من اوراق شجرة الكينوكاربس لانسيفوليوس Conocarpus lancifolius بالنسب المئوية التالية:                   0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) wt%) الى العجينة الرئيسية لمطاطي ال NR  و ال SBR  والتي تحتوي على معجلات البنزوثايوزول (MBT, MBTS). تم اختيار مستخلص CLLE)) نظرًا لاحتوائه على مركبات الفلافونويد, السابونين و الفينولات داخل هيكلها، مما يعزز الترابط الهيدروجيني (H-bond) كرابطة ثانوية ، والتي بدورها تعزز معدل المعالجة. اظهرت النتائج قابلية مستخلص CLLE)) على تعجيل  (curing systems)نظامي الفلكنة المذكورين حيث كان التركيز الامثل مع مطاط  ال  0.5( pphr) SBR  والتركيز الامثل لمطاط ال NR  1 (pphr) . وكان تأثير هذا المستخلص على نظام معالجة مطاط  NR اكبر من مطاط ال SBR حيث انخفض زمن الانضاج الامثل Tc90 لمطاط ال  SBR بمقدار (2.42 %) في حين انخفض بمقدار 17.74 % لمطاط ال NR  , اما بالنسبة لمؤشر معدل النضوج (CRI) فقد ازداد في مطاط ال SBR بمقدار 5.9 % فقط, في حين انه ازداد بمقدار 24.83 % لمطاط ال NR. بالإضافة الى ذلك فان اضافة مستخلص CLLE)) قد عملت على تقليل زمن الاحتراق (ts2) ولكلا المطاطين. وكانت قيم ال ts2 لعينات مطاط ال SBR اكبر من قيم ال ts2 لعينات مطاط ال NR. كما بينت النتائج ان اضافة CLLE)) لم تؤثر على قيم مقاومة الشد وكان هناك انخفاض طفيف في قيمة الصلابة وزيادة في معامل الاستطالة عند (300%) وزيادة في قيم الاجهاد و الانفعال قبل الفشل. أدت إضافة CLLE إلى زيادة معدلات المعالجة بسبب احتوائها على مكونات نشطة (الفلافونويد والسابونين والفينولات) ، والتي شجعت على استخدام هذه المنتجات المرنة للتطبيقات الحيوية وتعمل كعامل اقتران للبوليمرات المحبة للماء والطارئة للماء.