bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Atom Shadow on Sorbitol Molecules to Heal Diabetic Diseases
Authors: Supeno Minto , Pratama Agung
Published: January 2022

Sorbitol has a low calorie value, this is due to the presence of a pair of O-H free electrons on the sorbitol molecule. The pair of free electrons can be removed by the Tunnel method (through the shadow of the sorbitol container). Sorbitol which has lost a pair of free electrons from the O-H group is called sorbitol switching. The instrument used to prove the release of a pair of free electrons in the O-H group is to use FTIR and clinical trials conducted on mice given sorbitol to prove the effectiveness between sorbitol and sorbitol switching. The results show that sorbitol switching is able to maintain the stability of blood sugar levels in the body of mice and can reduce blood sugar levels.
Comparison Between Interaction of Hydrophobic-anionic and Hydrophobic-cationic Mixed Micellar System with Drug Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Ezhilrani V.C. , R Vigneshwari. , Dash Sasmita
Published: January 2022

The interaction studies of drug ciprofloxacin with two mixed micellar systems are reported. The mixed micelles comprise a nonionic hydrophobic surfactant, pluronic L-81, an anionic surfactant, Ammonium dodecyl sulfate (ADS); and a cationic surfactant, Cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB). The various combinations chosen were L-81-ADS and L-81-CPB. The properties of both the mixed micelles were compared. Spectrophotometric, conductometric, co-solvent effect, and Infrared studies were used for the investigations. The studies were carried out in a wide range of mixed micellar concentrations in the post micellar region of the individual surfactants. The solubilization of drug CPX in the L-81-ADS was higher than that in L-81-CPB mixed micelle, as evidenced by UV studies. Ethanol and ethylene glycol were found to be effective co-solvents for both the mixed micellar systems. The conductivity studies of CPX with ADS and CPB surfactants, displayed a higher value of conductance for CPX and ADS, from 0.37µs-1 to 0.74µs-1 compared to CPX and CPB. The drug-mixed micelle displayed a higher molecular weight complex formation as seen from the IR spectra.
Glyceral Trinitrate: As Potential Corrosion Protector for Mild Steel in Acid Medium Along with Paint-coated Steel in a Saline Environment
Authors: M. Menaga M. Menaga , Ramkumar Sowmya , D. Nalini D. Nalini
Published: January 2022

The importance of mild steel lies in its industrial applications, and the fight against corrosion is very important from an ecological, economic, technical, and aesthetic view. The current study involves the use of pharmaceutical drugs namely GTN towards corrosion inhibiting reaction was examined by gravimetric and electrochemical approaches. From weight loss studies, maximum I.E (%) 94.04% reached for 60 mg/L concentration of GTN for 6 hrs immersion time. The Polarization measurements showed that the behaviour of GTN as mixed nature and surface assimilation of GTN at the superficial, such that water molecules are substituted at the solution-metal boundary. The corrosion resistance property of the studied inhibitor as coating was also evaluated in NaCl which shows better progress corrosion retardation property of coating in the saline medium. Theoretical calculations were employed using DFT to correlate with the experimental observations.
Antimicrobial Activity and Physicochemical Analysis of Bio-degradable Films from Cucurbita pepo and Musa paradisiaca
Authors: Princey J. Morris , A. Nandhini A. Nandhini , G. Poojadevi G. Poojadevi , Divya S. Nobil
Published: January 2022

Cucurbita pepo and Musa paradisiaca can be considered as a large source of starch which makes it appropriate to be used for the preparation of bio-plastic material. In this study, biodegradable films from Cucurbita pepo and Musa paradisiaca were developed and investigated for their properties like pH, ash, moisture content, amylose content, biodegradability, and antimicrobial activity. 1,2,3-Propanetriol, gingelly oil, and agarose gel was used to reduce the brittleness of the developed starch- based bioplastic films. The investigation of films was done by Spectroscopic and Surface Analysis techniques. The developed bio- films showed substantial properties like less engorgement and insolubility in water which makes it worth a commercial viable product for food packaging.
Synthesis of Insulin Loaded Nanoparticles and Their Antidiabetic Studies
Authors: A.Asha A.Asha , Littis Malar G.S. Prabha
Published: January 2022

The goal of this present work turned into synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles from natural polymeric material. Natural polymeric nanoparticles have some unique physicochemical properties like stability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and manage the drug release, so it’s used for drug transport. On this look natural polymeric material Casein and Chitosan are used for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Insulin drug was introduced to these polymeric nanoparticles, which are used for the drug delivery. These drug loaded polymeric nanoparticles are synthesised by nano precipitation technique. The particles size of drug loaded polymeric nanoparticles based totally the rate of stirring and time of nanoparticles synthesised. Insulin was used as a drug and Glutaraldehyde was used as a linking agent. This insulin drug becomes adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles. Those drug loaded nanoparticles are characterized by FT-IR spectrum and physical status is analysis by means of XRD pattern. The morphology of the drug loaded nanoparticles is studied by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). From those characterisation studies insulin drug was efficaciously loaded with the nanoparticles. It has high inhibitory property towards kind II diabetics.
Synthesis of Some New Acetanilide Derivatives as COX Inhibitors and Assessment of Analgesic/ Anti-Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Singh Rajib Kumar , Kumar Arvind , Mishra Arun K.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the present research was to synthesize a new series of acetanilide derivatives that would have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in laboratory animals (rats). IR spectroscopy, 1HNMR spectroscopy and Mass spectroscopy were used to confirm the structures of freshly synthesised compounds. The goal of the computer analysis of synthesized compounds was to see how similar they were in terms of physicochemical properties. For this, physiochemical parameters were calculated. The result suggested the reasonable physiochemical similarity with diclofenac sodium and Indomethacin. Molecular docking studies showed that the all the test compounds perfectly docked with COX-2 enzyme with all the drug-likeness characteristics. Before start of in-vivo evaluation, in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition assays was performed with an aim to evaluate the compounds against the protein target COX-2 which would exhibit their inhibitory activity. The test compounds (C1-C6) were subjected to analgesic activity evaluation by Eddy’s hot plate method and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation by Carageenan induced edema method respectively.
Thermo-physical Investigations of oils, N-(2-aminoethyl)oleamide and Resulting Gels using TGA-DSC
Authors: Joshi Narendra S. , Waghulde Govinda P. , R. Gupta Gaurav
Published: January 2022

Edible vegetable oils were gelled by using N-(2-aminoethyl)-oleamide. Oils in their free state were subjected to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis. The gels of these oils were prepared by using N-(2-aminoethyl)-oleamide as gelator and similar thermal analysis of the gels was carried out. The thermal analysis data obtained was used to determine specific heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp). The values were compared with the reported values of heat capacities. It is observed that the thermal properties and transitions of oils and gels, specific heat capacity is helpful parameter to understand the fundamentals of gels and gelation strategies.
January 2022 Critical Care Case of the Month: Ataque Isquémico Transitorio in Spanish
Authors:   Doctors Medical Center of Modesto and Emanuel Medical Center, Modesto and Turlock, CA USA, Mahmoud Mohammad , Gu Bo , Armenta Benito , Samra Nikita
Published: January 2022

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. History of Present Illness: The patient is a previously healthy 61-year-old Spanish-speaking woman who was unable to speak after awakening. Per Emergency Medical Service she was found to be aphasic upon their arrival. While in the Emergency Room the patient was able to speak, alert and oriented x4, with all her symptoms spontaneously resolved. The patient denied fever, chills, blurred vision, headache or any history of migraines, TIA, or stroke. The patient had a similar event about two weeks earlier which also spontaneously resolved. During that time, the patient had a non-contrast CT head and an MRI of the brain, both of which were unremarkable. Her home medications include aspirin 81 mg and atorvastatin 40 mg daily. Past Medical History, Family History and Social History: The patient denies tobacco use or use of illicit drugs. She reports that she will occasionally drink alcohol. There is no family history of strokes. …
Optical Magnus effect in the photophoresis of a spinning absorptive dielectric circular cylinder
Authors: Mitri F. G.
Published: January 2022

When a stationary absorptive dielectric cylinder suspended in a gas (such as air) is illuminated by an axisymmetric wave field (such as plane waves), the transverse (T) photophoretic asymmetry factor (PAF) vanishes as required by geometrical symmetry [Appl. Opt. 60, 7937 (2021) APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.435306]. Counter-intuitively, when the cylinder possesses an initial angular velocity

Ω
0

with a sufficiently small acceleration and spins around its main axis in the illuminating field of axisymmetric plane waves, it is shown here that the T-PAF (which is directly proportional to the T-photophoretic force vector component) is quantifiable, in analogy with the Magnus effect in hydrodynamics where a force perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and to the propagation direction arises. Based upon the instantaneous rest-frame theory and the partial-wave series expansion method in cylindrical coordinates, the internal electric field of the spinning absorptive dielectric cylinder is determined and utilized to compute both the longitudinal (L) and T-PAFs. Particular emphases are given on the size parameter of the cylinder, its angular rotation, the light absorption inside its core material and the polarization (TM or TE) of the incident plane waves. The dimensionless intensity function (DIF) is also computed, which reveals quantitative information on the heated portions within the internal absorptive core material of the cylinder. Numerical computations illustrate the analysis and explicate the behaviors of the DIF and the L- and T-PAFs, which predict the emergence of the forward, neutral, and reverse optical/electromagnetic Magnus effect in the photophoresis of an absorptive dielectric cylinder and related applications in spin optics, optical tweezers, optical manipulation of elongated objects, and radiative transfer research.
Correlations between body postures and musculoskeletal pain in guitar players
Authors: Portnoy Sigal , Cohen Shlomit , Ratzon Navah Z.
Published: January 2022

Background

The guitar-playing community is the largest group at risk of developing playing related musculoskeletal disorders. A thorough investigation of the relationships between the various risk factors and players’ report on musculoskeletal pain using objective and accurate means of assessment has yet to be reported.

Purpose

(a) to explore the correlations between demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, playing habits, and personal habits of guitar player and their complaints of musculoskeletal pain, (b) explore the correlations between the upper body kinematics of guitar players during playing the guitar and their complaints of musculoskeletal pain, and (c) compare the upper body kinematics of guitar players during playing the guitar while sitting versus standing.

Methods

Twenty-five guitar players (27.5±4.6 years old) filled out questionnaires regarding their guitar-playing habits, and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. Kinematics of their torso and upper limbs were tracked while they played a tune twice, once while sitting and once while standing.

Results

We found moderate correlations between the number of painful joints in the last year and factors, such as physical comfort while playing, years of playing, and position during playing. During standing, lower back pain severity correlated with the rotation range of the torso, while during sitting, it moderately correlated with the average radial-ulnar deviation of the right wrist. During sitting, we found higher anterior and right tilt of the torso, combined with greater abduction of the right shoulder, higher flexion in the left shoulder and higher radial deviation in the left wrist.

Conclusion

Our results point to several risk factors, related both to playing habits but also to playing posture, which should be considered by the guitar players in order to prevent playing-related musculoskeletal disorders.
Geometrical and dimensional tolerance analysis for the radial flux type of permanent magnet generator design
Authors: Hikmawan Muhammad Fathul , Wibowo Agung , Kasim Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Mechanical tolerance is something that should be carefully taken into consideration and cannot be avoided in a product for manufacturing and assembly needs, especially in the design stage, to avoid excessive dimensional and geometric deviations of the components made. This paper discusses how to determine and allocate dimensional and geometric tolerances in the design of a 10 kW, 500 rpm radial flux permanent magnet generator prototype components. The electrical and mechanical design results in the form of the detailed nominal dimensions of the generator components, and the allowable air gap range are used as input parameters for tolerance analysis. The values of tolerance allocation and re-allocation process are carried out by considering the capability of the production machine and the ease level of the manufacturing process. The tolerance stack-up analysis method based on the worst case (WC) scenario is used to determine the cumulative effect on the air gap distance due to the allocated tolerance and to ensure that the cumulative effect is acceptable so as to guarantee the generator's functionality. The calculations and simulations results show that with an air gap of 1 ± 0.2 mm, the maximum air gap value obtained is 1.1785 mm, and the minimum is 0.8 mm. The smallest tolerance value allocation is 1 µm on the shaft precisely on the FSBS/SRBS feature and the rotor on the RPMS feature. In addition, the manufacturing process required to achieve the smallest tolerance allocation value is grinding, lapping, and polishing processes.
Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of DC motor as an instructional media for control system design and testing
Authors: Romdlony Muhammad Zakiyullah , Irsyadi Fakih
Published: January 2022

Instructional media in control systems typically requires a real plant as an element to be controlled. However, this real plant, which is costly to be implemented, can be replaced by a virtual plant implemented in a computer and modelled in such a way that it resembles the behavior of a real plant. This kind of set-up is widely termed as hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. HIL simulation is an alternative way to reduce the development cost. A virtual plant is easy to adjust to represent various plants or processes that are widely used in industry. This paper proposes a simple HIL simulation set-up designed as instructional media for design and testing a simple control system. The experimental result on DC motor control shows that HIL simulation dynamical response is similar to the real hardware response with a small average error on measured transient response, represented in 0.5 seconds difference in settling time and 7.43 % difference in overshoot. This result shows the efficacy of our HIL simulation set-up.
Mit szeretnének a szülők?
Authors: Kovács Ivett Judit , Czachesz Erzsébet
Published: January 2022

Tanulmányunkban a szülői involválódás körében tervezett kutatásunk egyik elemével kapcsolatos előkészítő, feltáró vizsgálatunk eredményeiről írunk. Ez az elem a korai nyelvtanulás kérdése, amely különösen aktuális és vitatott kérdés a magyar közoktatásban. A jogszabályi előírások szerint Magyarországon az óvodai nevelést szabályozó központi keretrendszer egyik leghangsúlyosabb eleme a magyar anyanyelvi nevelés, illetve a magyar hagyományok és kultúra megismertetése. Az anyanyelvi fejlesztés nem zárja ki a más nyelvekkel való megismerkedést, sőt a korai másodiknyelv-tanulás a kutatások szerint kifejezetten jó hatással van az anyanyelvi fejlődésre is. A játékos idegen nyelvi foglalkozásokat vagy kétnyelvű nevelést biztosító óvodai programok harmóniában vannak az Európai Bizottság által kibocsátott irányelvekkel is a nyelvtanulás minél korábbi megkezdését és a diverzitás ünneplését illetően, illetve a piaci helyzet alapján a magyar szülők igényeivel is, hiszen az óvodák saját nevelési programjának kidolgozásakor fontos szempontot jelent a szülők igényeihez, elvárásaihoz való igazodás. Feltáró kutatásunk azt vizsgálja, hogy milyen okok húzódnak a kétnyelvű nevelést választó szülők döntésének hátterében, és milyen elvárásokat támasztanak a programmal szemben. A tanulmányban a magyar mintán kapott empirikus eredményeket nemzetközi kontextusban értelmezzük. A négy egymást követő évben felvett kérdőíves adatok alapján a kétnyelvű óvodai nevelés iránti igény folyamatosan nő, a szülői elvárások pedig a nemzetközi kutatások eredményeihez hasonló tendenciákat jeleznek, de nálunk új szempontok is mutatkoznak. A szülők jelentős része tisztában van a korai nyelvelsajátítás jellemzőivel, előnyeivel, és az idegen nyelv alapjainak megismerése mellett hangsúlyos elvárásként jelenik meg az is, hogy a gyermek nyitottá váljon más nyelvek, kultúrák iránt. Ugyan az óvodaválasztás lehetősége sajnos nem jelent valódi opciót a teljes magyar lakosság számára, a szülői bevonódás és motiváció összetevőinek megismerése nélkülözhetetlen a minél eredményesebb nevelési irányelvek kialakításában – különösen a kora gyermekkori nevelés tekintetében, amikor a fejlesztés és a nyelvelsajátítás lehetőségei minden más életkorral összevetve szinte korlátlanok.
Teaching Social Justice and Engaging Gen Z Students in Digital Classrooms During COVID-19
Authors: Sun Wei , Powell Aisha , Jenkins Kapriatta , Gulledge Britney
Published: January 2022

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 disrupted the lives of people on all fronts, but especially the traditional education system. Now dependent on online learning during a global pandemic, political unrest, and a contentious presidential election, many school educators were forced to transition to virtual instruction amid the ongoing health crises posed by COVID-19 and the ever-present issue of racism. We gathered and analyzed the teaching experiences of instructors at an historically Black college or university as they addressed social justice issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of college-age students today are from Generation Z (Gen Z), the “digital native” generation. They are living in a time in which recent social justice movements have called them to the frontlines. To teach Gen-Z students, faculty should create courses that fit their needs and consider innovative teaching strategies to engage them in classrooms. We discuss three classroom activities that showcase instructors’ pedagogical efforts during such unprecedented times.
Orígenes del conocimiento arquitectónico
Authors: Sulbarán-Sandoval Joely Ariagny , Rangel-Rojas Rafael Humberto , Guerrero-Torrenegra Alejandro Jesús
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo trata de develar la articulación existente entre el denominado conocimiento de la arquitectura, la concepción teórica de esta y el papel de los arquitectos. El objetivo de esta investigación establece una cronología y una interpretación gráfica y escrita de algunas teorías de arquitectura que han sido parte de un pensamiento reflexivo sobre ella. La aproximación metodológica está compuesta por un proceso sistemático apoyado en un método hermenéutico que pretende la interpretación de las teorías y los autores para una mayor comprensión de estos, así como su sustentación, siempre teniendo en cuenta la manera única y relacional de las posturas de los autores con respecto a lo que sería el conocimiento arquitectónico. Finalmente, se confirma que el conocimiento de la arquitectura se fundamenta en los saberes de la ciencia y el arte basado en su flexibilidad y su representatividad de la realidad en relación con la cotidianidad.
Complexo Habitacional Bulevar Artigas, Uruguai: proposta de cidade a partir da crítica do segundo pós-guerra
Authors: Ritter Carolina , Castro-Gonsales Celia
Published: January 2022

Inserido essencialmente no campo conceitual e projetual das cooperativas habitacionais uruguaias, este artigo tem como objetivo verificar de que modo e com que intensidade estão presentes as propostas do cenário crítico internacional dos anos 1950 e 1960, em relação à cidade funcionalista, nas estratégias projetuais do Complexo Habitacional Bulevar Artigas. Para este estudo, o cenário é protagonizado principalmente pelos grupos Team 10 e Metabolistas, e defende-se aqui que, em um contexto inicialmente positivo dado pelo sistema cooperativo, as reverberações dos princípios desses grupos foram de grande contribuição para o êxito desse conjunto em termos de apropriação dos espaços pelos moradores e de uma compreensão geral, por parte desses, de seu habitat. Os limites e potencialidades dessas propostas teóricas, assim como seu diálogo com a vida contemporânea, pôde ser verificado por meio da observação da “realidade” do conjunto habitacional, por parte das autoras.
¿El lugar como espacio moral? Reflexiones sobre los usos en arquitectura y el espacio público
Authors: Padilla-Herrera Diana Karina
Published: January 2022

Este artículo propone la reflexión moral del lugar a partir del uso del objeto arquitectónico y el impacto de este en el espacio público. Como punto de partida se analiza la producción del espacio; posteriormente se discute el uso en la disciplina espacial, abordado desde códigos de comportamiento. A partir de lo anterior, se construyen mapas que muestran cómo el objeto arquitectónico asigna categorías morales al espacio público, lo que da como resultado el abandono de este. Como aporte, se propone el concepto de moralidad espacial, que muestra cómo el espacio público adquiere moralidades dadas a partir de la función (uso) del espacio; en ese sentido, la moralidad se entiende desde una perspectiva de regulación a través de la cual se incluye o se excluye tanto a la actividad como al objeto arquitectónico, el usuario y el espacio público inmediato. A través del concepto de moralidad espacial se exploran nuevas herramientas de análisis para entender el espacio habitado.
Senti-pensando la ciudad. Conocimientos y emociones relacionados con la accidentalidad peatonal. Formulación de un problema de diseño urbano
Authors: Escandón Paula-Andrea , Valbuena Widman-Said
Published: January 2022

Atenuar la accidentalidad en nuestras ciudades latinoamericanas constituye un factor clave para que los diseñadores y los planificadores urbanos incluyan en sus propuestas diversas aproximaciones y estudios que permitan entender los comportamientos de las personas en el tema. Auscultar los mecanismos cognitivo-emocionales de los diferentes actores viales en el espacio público contribuye a la formulación de estrategias de diseño para configurar entornos seguros que reivindiquen la acción de caminar para los ciudadanos contemporáneos. Con el propósito de reducir la accidentalidad en la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia, se adelanta un estudio orientado a analizar cómo las emociones y los conocimientos de los actores viales contribuyen a cambiar su interacción con la ciudad. El horizonte metodológico del estudio es cualitativo y participativo, apoyado en orientaciones del diseño para el cambio de comportamiento, el diseño emocional y el diseño participativo (DP), con el objetivo de delinear la ruta proyectual para responder a la problemática de accidentalidad de la ciudad. Los resultados evidencian conocimientos limitados de peatones y conductores relacionados con la normatividad vial y emociones disímiles entre estos actores viales. Las conclusiones del estudio permiten proyectar un problema de diseño enfocado en desarrollar estrategias de DP que sincronicen emociones entre conductores y peatones induciendo al aprendizaje experiencial sobre normativas viales en contexto.
Confección manual de concreto mediante suspensión mecánica para aplicar en hábitats populares
Authors: Bedoya Carlos Mauricio
Published: January 2022

Este artículo da a conocer una metodología para la confección manual de mezclas de concreto mediante el principio de suspensión mecánica, con el que se obtuvieron mezclas de concreto con un desempeño óptimo en cuanto a resistencia a la compresión, porosidad, densidad y porcentaje de vacíos. Se hicieron ensayos de destrucción de muestras cilíndricas a 7, 14, 28 y 56 días de elaboración; porosidad, densidad Bulk y vacíos según ASTM C-642; microscopía de barrido electrónico (MBE) con análisis de sonda química, y mediciones de velocidad de pulso ultrasónico (VPU). Los resultados permiten concluir que es factible confeccionar manualmente mezclas de concreto sin aumento del consumo de cemento, lo que optimiza el comportamiento del material en cuanto a durabilidad, ya que se obtuvo un material homogéneo con mejor dispersión del material cementante, que cualifica sus condiciones reológicas. A este trabajo se le concedió Patente de Invención, con el número 16136903, y tanto el autor como la Universidad Nacional de Colombia han donado a la sociedad dicho proceso, para que pueda ser llevado a cabo en territorios como Latinoamérica, África y Asia, que comparten procesos de autoconstrucción, con asesoría de centros académicos y de trabajo social. También puede ser empleada en obras que requieran elaborar pequeñas cantidades de concreto para ajustes de mezclas.
Diseños de nodos articulados experimentales para sistemas de cubiertas plegables
Authors: Morales-Guzmán Carlos César
Published: January 2022

La presente investigación se centra en el diseño de un nodo articulado, basado en el ensayo constructivo del Dr. Félix Escrig, quien brindó los conceptos constructivos para generar una propuesta que tiene como objetivo desarrollar sistemas plegables más rápidos, por lo cual se construyó una serie de prototipos que verifiquen y validen los diferentes alcances constructivos que podrían llegar a generar un sistema estructural transformable. Esto justificó la simulación de los modelos con el software Solid Work, el cual validó dichas conexiones estructurales plegables, y nos ayudó a verificar los modelos constructivos, lo que es el propósito de esta investigación. En consecuencia, dichas propuestas se abordaron con la finalidad de diseñar los detalles industriales de conexión por medio de Computer-aided-Design (CAD), ya que el software en su paquetería tiene la capacidad para desarrollar prototipados experimentales y realizar los detalles con mejores resultados para las conexiones constructivas, y seguir así una fase industrial más óptima para los modelos.
Osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Islam Md. Nurjamal , Masud Abdul Awal Chowdhury , Alam Md. Mahabub , Islam Md. Nurnabi , Rahman Mohammed Lutfur , Hasanuzzaman Mirza
Published: January 2022

A field experiment was conducted to observe the osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during the panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan72). At the panicle initiation stage, plants were simulated with four levels of water regimes viz., well-irrigated (D0), water deficit for 5 d (D1), 10 d (D2) and 15 d (D3). Plants were treated with or without 10 mM of proline (Pro) and trehalose (Tre) as foliar spray started at mid-vegetative stage and continued till the end of stress period. Results revealed that water deficit stress drastically reduced most of the plant morpho-physiological attributes while other yield contributing characters were also affected due to prolonged water deficit stress. However, exogenous application of osmolytes like Pro and Tre significantly increased all those morphological, physiological and yield contributing parameters. Foliar addition of osmolytes concomitantly decreased the number of non-effective tillers hill-1 and the number of unfilled grain panicle-1 under water stress condition. Although both the osmolytes performed well under multiple duration of drought stress, the application of 10 mM Pro markedly improved all growth and yield contributing parameters under D1 water deficit stress compared to other stress durations. Hence, it may be concluded that the use of osmolytes would be a prospective remedy against moderate water deficit stress in transplanted rice production.
In vitro growth and content of vincristine and vinblastine of Catharanthus roseus L. hairy roots in response to precursors and elicitors
Authors: Vu Phuong Thi Bach , Cao Dai Minh , Bui Anh Lan , Nguyen Nhut Nhu , Bui Le Van , Quach Phuong Ngo Diem
Published: January 2022

Catharanthus roseus L. is a medicinal plant that produces numerous indole terpenoid alkaloids, including vincristine and vinblastine, which are used for cancer treatment. The effect of specified precursors (L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine) and elicitors (chitosan, methyl jasmonate) on C. roseus hairy roots (CHR) growth has been examined in order to increase the content of vincristine and vinblastine. Our results showed that CHR generated by an Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain isolated in Vietnam was capable of producing both vincristine and vinblastine when subjected to precursors, but only vinblastine when exposed to elicitors. However, both precursors and elicitors were evaluated to have an effect on increasing the accumulation of TIAs in CHR. In particular, the use of elicitors required more time to find the appropriate induction conditions, while the use of precursors gave outstanding efficiency in the treatment with 1 µM phenylalanine. The greatest yields of vincristine (51.99 µg g-1 DW) and vinblastine (699.92 µg g-1 DW) were obtained in the 7th week (with 0.306 g DW biomass). This result is the first time we might boost the levels of vincristine and vinblastine in our CHR clone generated by the Vietnam strain of A. rhizogenes.
Spectral analyses of fresh and dry Hypericum perforatum L. Effects with colloidal nano silver 30 ppm
Authors: Ignatov Ignat , Popova Teodora Petrova , Bankova Ralitsa , Neshev Nikolai
Published: January 2022

Spectral analyses of 1% water extracts of fresh and dry Hypericum perforatum L. and 1% dry H. perforatum with colloidal nano silver (NSPs) 30 ppm were conducted. The nano silver is standardised and patented by the Swiss company Evodrop. Non-equliblrium energy spectrum (NES) and Differential non-equliblrium energy spectrum (DNES) methods were used for the spectral analysis. A comparative analysis of 1% extracts of fresh and dry H. perforatum was performed in order to determine the local extremums for effects of nerve tissue conductivity at (-0.1112) eV, anti-inflammatory (-0.1212) eV, anti-tumor effects (-0.1387) eV. The results showed stimulating effect on the nervous system and improvement of nerve conduction (local extremums E=-0.1112 eV)(?=11.15 ?m) (?=897 cm-1), as well as anti-inflammatory effect (E = -0.1212 eV)( ?=10.23 ?m) (?=978 cm-1) and inhibition of development of tumor cells at a molecular level (E=-0.1387 eV) (?=8.95 ?m) (?=1117 cm-1). It was found that clusters of 16 and 15 water molecules are formed in the water herbal extracts of fresh H. perforatum and of dry H. perforatum with AgNPs 30 ppm. The fresh plant showed better results then the dry one. The addition of colloidal nano silver 30 ppm led to better results of the drug.
Quality attributes of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) fruit under pre-harvest and post-harvest treatment with methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid
Authors: Minh Nguyễn Phước
Published: January 2022

Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) is one of the most delicious fruits popularly cultivated in tropical regions due to its sweet-juicy taste, attractive flavor and bioactive composition. Extending cantaloupe shelf-life during handling and distribution is very necessary to upgrade its commercial value. Methyl jasmonate (MJeA) and salicylic acid (SA) are bio-regulators widely applied on either pre- or post-harvest to extend the shelf life and maintain fruit quality during storage. In this investigation, the possibility of both pre-harvest (7 days before harvesting) via spraying and post-harvest (immediately after harvesting) evaluated by dipping on cantaloupe fruit by either MJeA (3 mM) or SA (3 mM) separately; in combination with MJeA/SA (1.5/1.5 mM/mM) for 30 s. These fruits were kept at 24±0.5 oC for 28 days of storage. In 7 day-interval, fruits were sampled to verify firmness, weight loss, decay rate, total soluble solid, carotenoid, vitamin C, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content. Results revealed that there was a significant difference in quality attributes between the treated samples and the control ones. However, there was no significant difference in quality attributes on either pre-harvest or post-harvest treatments by MeJA and SA reagents. Incorporation of MJeA/SA (1.5/1.5 mM/mM) by either pre-harvest or post-harvest maintained the most firmness (52.10±0.11 N or 52.37±0.08 N), total soluble solid (18.08±0.05 oBrix or 18.15±0.04 oBrix), carotenoid (46.97±0.02 µg/100 g or 47.10±0.03 µg/100 g), vitamin C (26.04±0.02 mg/100 g or 26.17±0.02 mg/100 g), total phenolic content (117.86±0.05 mg GAE/100 g or 119.75±0.09 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid content (84.04±0.02 mg QE/100 g or 84.20±0.02 mg QE/100 g) as well as the least weight loss (3.74±0.01% or 3.66±0.03%) and decay rate (1.42±0.01% or 1.26±0.03%) at the end of 28 days of storage. The synergistic effect of MeJA and SA would be a promising alternative to preserve cantaloupe fruit quality with a long shelf life.
Tryb rozkazujący – uwagi o definiowaniu pojęcia i zakresie jego użycia w opisach systemu fleksyjnego współczesnego języka polskiego
Authors: Bojałkowska Krystyna
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to present how the imperative mood is defined in the descriptions of the inflection system of the contemporary Polish language. First of all, imperative mood is considered to be the value of one of the inflection categories of mood, and the forms representing it, e.g. zrób! (‘do!’), myj! (‘wash!’) are considered to be in opposition to the forms of the declarative and the conditional moods. On the other hand, the imperative is a grammatical means that expresses the so-called deontic modality and utterances with imperative forms are treated, before anything else, as acts of directive speech. This way of defining the imperative mood is the reason why the status of such forms as wygraj! (‘win!’), otrzymaj! (‘receive!’), (nie) umieraj! (‘[not] die!’) or bądź (szczęśliwy) (‘be [happy]’) is problematic, because they constitute a non-directive use of the imperative mood. The conclusion is that the way of defining the imperative mood in Polish requires clarification.
Językoznawcze zainteresowania Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego
Authors: Sokólska Urszula
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the linguistics interests of Józef Ignacy Kraszewki who views language as a complex lexical, syntactic and semantic structure rather than merely the matter used for creating a literary vision of the world. The subjects of the detailed analysis are the journalistic and quasi-linguistic texts published in Studia literackie (Literary studies) and Nowe studia literackie (New literary studies) which discuss the relics of the Polish language’s past and the development of its vocabulary, with particular focus on the status of loanwords, neologisms and archaisms from various stages of the development of the Polish language. The image that emerges from the analysed texts is one of a writer-linguist who perfectly understands the mechanisms that rule language and who shows that language is dynamic and changes due to the needs of its users and all possible external factors.
THE EFFECTS OF CURRENCY CRISIS ON THE SHARE PRICES OF TURKISH ENERGY COMPANIES
Authors: ORAN Jale , AYDOS Emre
Published: January 2022

In developing countries, currency crises have become a significant threat. The purpose of the paper is

to examine the volatility of stock prices during the two recent currency crises in Turkey. The selected

companies are the 15 Turkish energy companies listed on the stock exchange.In an atmosphere where

economic uncertainties are growing as a result of globalisation; the exchange rate is one of the most

critical measures and costs. The aim of this study is to reveal its impact on stock prices of Turkish energy

companies. The period of the study covers 12 quarterly periods between 31.03.2018 and 31.12.2020.A

multiple regression model was used to investigate the impact of currency fluctuation on the stock prices of

energy companies operating in Turkey. Our empirical findings show that during the financial crisis, there was no significant relationship between

stock prices and currency rates.
Motivations to enrol in EMI programmes in China: an exploratory study
Authors: Iwaniec Janina , Wang Weihong
Published: January 2022

A recent interest in English Medium Instruction (EMI) has led to the flourishing of studies that examine motivation in EMI classrooms. Some of these studies tend to compare language learning motivation of students who are and are not enrolled in EMI programmes (see e.g. Doiz, Aintzane, David Lasagabaster & Juan Manuel Sierra. 2014. CLIL and motivation: The effect of individual and contextual variables. The Language Learning Journal 42(2). 209–224; Sylvén, Liss Kerstin & Amy S. Thompson. 2015. Language learning motivation and CLIL: Is there a connection? Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 3(1). 28–50), showing that EMI learners are typically more motivated than their peers in non-EMI contexts. This has led to the common perception that learners enrol in EMI primarily to improve their English. Yet, there is a dearth of comprehensive studies exploring learners’ reasons behind their enrolment in EMI programmes and how these change throughout their studies. To address this gap, 247 university students from a range of universities across China filled in the questionnaire, which included scales pertaining to reasons for choosing an EMI programme. The data were analysed in SPSS. The results show that enhanced future job opportunities, opportunities for contact with an international community as well as potential gains in learning content and language specific vocabulary are the most strongly endorsed drivers that motivate EMI students to undertake their studies in English. They also tend to pursue their ideal visions of themselves as bilingual professionals and derive pleasure from EMI classes. To a lesser extent, students are motivated by what is expected of them and the actual pedagogy in the language classroom. Their motivation tends to stay stable over their years of study. However, the survey also revealed that not all students are equally motivated and resolved to continue with EMI studies. The findings highlight that, whereas students tend to be strongly motivated, there is a potential to improve the delivery of EMI courses.
Fitting procedure for estimating interstellar extinction at high galactic latitudes
Authors: Avdeeva Aleksandra , Kovaleva Dana , Malkov Oleg , Nekrasov Alexey
Published: January 2022

We determine the interstellar extinction in the selected high-latitude areas of the sky based on Gaia EDR3 astrometry and photometry and spectroscopic data from RAVE survey. We approximate the results with the cosecant law in each area thus deriving the parameters of the barometric formula for different lines of sight. The distribution of the parameters over the entire sky is described using spherical harmonics. As a result, we get a mathematical description of the interstellar visual extinction for different lines of sight and distances from the Sun which can be used for estimating interstellar extinction.
The use of chitosan as a skin-regeneration agent in burns injuries: A review
Authors: Sánchez-Machado Dalia I. , López-Cervantes Jaime , Martínez-Ibarra Diana M. , Escárcega-Galaz Ana A. , Vega-Cázarez Claudia A.
Published: January 2022

Chitosan is an amino-polysaccharide, traditionally obtained by the partial deacetylation of chitin from exoskeletons of crustaceans. Properties such as biocompatibility, hemostasis, and the ability to absorb physiological fluids are attributed to this biopolymer. Chitosan’s biological properties are regulated by its origin, polymerization degree, and molecular weight. In addition, it possesses antibacterial and antifungal activities. It also has been used to prepare films, hydrogels, coatings, nanofibers, and absorbent sponges, all utilized for the healing of skin wounds. In in vivo studies with second-degree burns, healing has been achieved in at least 80% of the cases between the ninth and twelfth day of treatment with chitosan coatings. The crucial steps in the treatment of severe burns are the early excision of damaged tissue and adequate coverage to minimize the risk of infection. So far, partial-thickness autografting is considered the gold standard for the treatment of full-thickness burns. However, the limitations of donor sites have led to the development of skin substitutes. Therefore, the need for an appropriate dermal equivalent that functions as a regeneration template for the growth and deposition of new skin tissue has been recognized. This review describes the properties of chitosan that validate its potential in the treatment of skin burns.
Multiple Dependent State Sampling Inspection Plan for Lindley Distributed Quality Characteristic
Authors: Biswas Shovan , Maiti Sudhansu S.
Published: January 2022

This article develops multiple dependent state (MDS) sampling inspection plans based on the mean of lifetime quality characteristic that follows non-normal distributions viz., exponential and Lindley distribution.
In this plan, the lot quality is measured by the lot mean (𝜇).
We have estimated the optimal plan parameters of the proposed technique by non-linear optimization approaches considering acceptable quality level and rejection quality level.
We have compared the sample size between the MDS sampling inspection plan and the single sampling inspection plan for the variable.
Finally, we have taken two examples to illustrate the proposed technique.
A C
0-conforming DG finite element method for biharmonic equations on triangle/tetrahedron
Authors: Ye Xiu , Zhang Shangyou
Published: January 2022

A C
0-conforming discontinuous Galerkin (CDG) finite element method is introduced for solving the biharmonic equation. The first strong gradient of C
0 finite element functions is a vector of discontinuous piecewise polynomials. The second gradient is the weak gradient of discontinuous piecewise polynomials. This method, by its name, uses nonconforming (non C
1) approximations and keeps simple formulation of conforming finite element methods without any stabilizers. Optimal order error estimates in both a discrete H
2-norm and the L
2-norm are established for the corresponding finite element solutions. Numerical results are presented to confirm the theory of convergence.
Performance analysis of wavelength division multiplexing MDM-PON system using different advanced modulations
Authors: Singh Jashanpreet , Kaur Karamjit
Published: January 2022

Mode division multiplexing (MDM) is very competent next generation multiplexing technique and is becoming popular among researchers these days. In this research article, an integrated passive optical network (PON) using MDM and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is proposed at 25 Gbps over 3 km multimode fiber (MMF) link distance. For MDM, diverse Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) such as LG12, LG15, LG18, LG111 and LG114 are incorporated and also for cost reduction, vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is located in optical line terminal (OLT). Performance of diverse advanced modulations such as compressed spectrum return to zero (CSRZ), duo-binary return to zero (DRZ) and modified duo-binary return to zero (MDRZ) is evaluated and compared with non-return to zero (NRZ) in terms of Bit error rate (BER) at varied MMF link lengths. Results revealed that CSRZ performance stand out and NRZ provide worst performance.
Searching Probabilistic Difference-Making within Specificity
Authors: Lüchinger Andreas
Published: January 2022

The idea that good explanations come with strong changes in probabilities has been very common. This criterion is called probabilistic difference-making. Since it is an intuitive criterion and has a long tradition in the literature on scientific explanation, it comes as a surprise that probabilistic difference-making is rarely discussed in the context of interventionist causal explanation. Specificity, proportionality, and stability are usually employed to measure explanatory power instead. This paper is a first step into the larger project of connecting difference-making to the interventionist debate, and it starts by investigating whether probabilistic difference-making is contained in the notion of specificity. The choice of specificity is motivated by the observation that both probabilistic difference-making and specificity build on similar underlying intuitions. When comparing measures for both specificity and probabilistic difference-making, it turns out that the measures are not strictly correlated, and so the thesis that probabilistic difference-making is encoded within specificity has to be rejected. Some consequences of this result are discussed as well.
The biomarkers of key miRNAs and gene targets associated with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Peng Yin-yin , Zhang Hong-bin , Wang Xin , Xiao Qing , Guo Shu-liang
Published: January 2022

Gene expression profiling studies have shown the pathogenetic role of oncogenic pathways in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL). In this study, we aimed to identify the microRNAs (miRNAs) playing potential roles in ENKL, and to evaluate the genes and biological pathways associated to them. Gene expression profiles of ENKL patients were acquired from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Most differentially expressed (DE)-miRNAs were identified in ENKL patients using limma package. Gene targets of the DE-miRNAs were collected from online databases (miRDB, miRWalk, miRDIP, and TargetScan), and used in Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses on Database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery database, and then used in protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis on STRING database. Hub genes of the PPI network were identified in cytoHubba, and were evaluated in Biological networks gene ontology. According to the series GSE31377 and GSE43958 from GEO database, four DE-miRNAs were screened out: hsa-miR-363-3p, hsa-miR-296-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and hsa-miR-221-3p. Totally 164 gene targets were collected from the online databases, and used in the GO and KEGG pathway analyses and PPI network analysis. Ten hub genes of the PPI network were identified: AURKA, TP53, CDK1, CDK2, CCNB1, PLK1, CUL1, ESR1, CDC20, and PIK3CA. Those hub genes, as well as their correlative pathways, may be of diagnostic or therapeutic potential for ENKL, but further clinical evidence is still expected.
The crystal structure of C19H20O8
Authors: Lai Bao-Long , Zhou Hai-Ming , Chen Zan-Hong , Chen Hui-Ying , Zhang Qin-Wen , Tao Yi-Wen
Published: January 2022

C19H20O8, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.0708(4) Å, b = 8.1261(4) Å, c = 16.1067(6) Å, α = 81.252(4)°, β = 81.500(4)°, γ = 77.890(4)°, V = 887.88(8) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0418, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1158, T = 150 K.