bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skabies İnsidansında Artış: Üçüncü Basamak, Retrospektif, Tek Merkez Çalışması
Authors: GÖÇER GÜROK Neşe
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Son yıllarda bölgemizde gözlemlediğimiz skabies olgularındaki artışı ve skabies hastalarının demografik özelliklerini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Elazığ Fethi Sekin Şehir Hastanesi Dermatoloji Kliniğine Ocak 2019 ve Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve skabies tanısı alan tüm hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Yaş, cinsiyet, vatandaşlık ve başvuru tarihleri hastane veri tabanından anonimleştirilerek elde edildi.
Bulgular: 2019-2021 yılları arasında dermatoloji polikliniğine başvuran toplam 191925 hastanın 2898’ine skabies tanısı kondu. Bu üç yılda gözlenen skabies hasta sıklıklarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gösterdiği gözlendi (χ2:296.158; p=0.000). Skabies frekansının son üç yılda tedricen arttığı (sırasıyla %0.95, %1.75 ve %1.99) gözlendi. Hastalık erkeklerde kadınlara oranla anlamlı olarak daha sıktı (p<0.001). Hastaların yaş ortalaması yıllara göre 27.52, 27.74, 26.78 idi. Yıllar içinde toplam yaş ortalaması ve erkek hastaların yaş ortalamasında değişim olmazken kadınların yaş ortalamasında anlamlı bir azalma tespit edildi (p<0.001). Yaş gruplarına göre skabies görülme sıklığı her yıl için 15-44 yaş arasındaki hastalarda en yüksek izlendi. Yılın çeyrekleri değerlendirildiğinde skabies frekansının, son çeyreklerde anlamlı derecede arttığı ve en yüksek değerine 2021 yılının son çeyreğinde ulaştığı gözlendi (p<0.001).
Sonuç: Bölgemizdeki skabies hasta sıklığının son üç yıl içinde giderek arttığı, bu artışın en fazla 2021 yılında ve yılın son çeyreğinde olduğu tespit edildi.
Alcohol Investment Policy in Indonesia according to Maqasid Shariah
Authors: Muttaqin Aris Anwaril , Samsudin Muhammad Adib , Salleh Ahmad Dahlan , Ahmad Azlin Alisa
Published: December 2022

Investments which are considered beneficial for the economy have caused controversy in the Indonesian society when the government enacted the Peraturan Presiden Nomor 10 Tahun 2021, which contains an article on alcohol-related investments. This study analysed the relationship between government policies and public figure responses relating to alcohol-related investments in Indonesia based on the Maqasid Shariah approach. This study used content analysis methodology and data were obtained by analysing documents, online media information and check lists. Two experts in Islamic Economics were involved and Cohen’s Kappa test was used to measure inter-rater reliability for qualitative (categorical) items, which yielded a score of 1 for each expert. Study data analysis was carried out descriptively and thematically. Findings show that policies to encourage investments considered beneficial for the economy have in fact, harmed the Indonesian society in general because the policies are contrary to the principles of Maqasid Shariah. The Muslim society believes that alcohol investments are detrimental to the country. The implications appear in the form of policies contradicting the maslahah (public interest) of the society, public rejection of investment policies, and rescinding of the government’s investment policies. Therefore, this study recommends that governments, in this case Indonesian government, should consider the Maqasid Shariah principles when formulating policies, especially those concerning the wider community, in the future.
Methodology of Salah Abdul Fattah al-Khalidi in Abridgement of al-Tabari’s Corpus, Jami' al-Bayan 'An Ta'wil Ay al-Quran: Taqrib wa Tahzib (Approximation and Refinement)
Authors: Mohd Noor Ahmad Yunus , Baker Musa Nagwa Hussein
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on the methodology used by Salah Abdul Fattah al-Khalidi in his abridgement of al-Tabari’s exegesis, Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ay al-Quran: Taqrib Wa Tahzib. This article presents some examples of the methods he used in this discipline, in approximation, in transmission and brevity, as well as comparison to the original exegesis. This qualitative research is designed using a content analysis approach. This article shows that the methods of Salah al-Khalidi are almost completely different from others who shortened this great exegesis, as the corpus of Taqrib Wa Tazhib is considered as an approximation and refinement of al-Tabari, the Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ay al-Quran. It does not shorten or diminish its explicit meaning, but nonetheless is a picture of abridgment, unless the Taqrib Wa Tahzib is broader and more comprehensive. It does not require many deletions, and preserves what was stated in the original exegesis with clarification formed from understanding and simplification of al-Tabari's work. Indeed, Salah al-Khalidi affirmed this matter at the beginning of the Taqrib Wa Tahzib and not omitting is evidence of Salah Khalidi’s honesty and credibility in transmission and discipline.
Penghijrahan Awal Masyarakat Muslim Bosnia-Herzegovina
Authors: Mat Enh Azlizan , Ku Boon Dar , Othman Al Amril
Published: December 2022

Campurtangan kuasa-kuasa besar Eropah dalam konflik Bosnia-Herzegovina 1875-1878 telah menyebabkan kerajaan Turki Uthmaniah menandatangani Perjanjian Berlin 1878. Salah satu syarat Perjanjian Berlin adalah meletakkan pentadbiran Bosnia-Herzegovina di bawah mandat pemerintahan kerajaan Austria-Hungary. Bermula dari titik ini, memperlihatkan berlakunya proses migrasi di Bosnia-Herzegovina dalam kalangan penduduknya terutama orang Muslim. Artikel ini bertujuan mengupas isu-isu yang menyebabkan penghijrahan orang Muslim dari Bosnia-Herzegovina ke wilayah-wilayah lain dalam empayar Turki Uthmaniah sebelum meletusnya Perang Dunia Pertama. Analisis data primer digunakan ke atas rekod-rekod British daripada kedutaannya di Bosnia-Herzegovina. Hasil kajian mendapati isu agama merupakan faktor utama dalam proses migrasi yang berlaku di Bosnia-Herzegovina. Proses migrasi semakin meningkat selepas Bosnia-Herzegovina diumumkan secara rasmi di bawah pentadbiran Austria-Hungary pada 1908.
Exploring Teachers' Experience with Student Character Development: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Nik Abdullah Nik Md Saiful Azizi , Lubis Alwi , Muhammad Isa Rabi’atul Athirah
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this qualitative research is to explore teachers’ perceptions in inculcating moral values to develop student character, to identify different challenges faced by teachers and to discover how teachers overcome their challenges in both Islamic as well as conventional schools. Purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were used to obtain more in-depth information from six participants, and a thematic approach was used to analyse the data. Findings reveal the teachers’ perception of developing student character, the challenges and how they overcome these challenges to develop students character. A noticeable difference noted is that teachers in conventional schools face challenges due to the limitations of teachers’ rights. Other challenges faced by teachers in both types of school include family background, school environment, peer pressure, and social media. The implication of this study is to raise awareness among educators and higher authorities as well as parents, about the challenges teachers face in Islamic schools and conventional schools in developing student character. This helps in correcting the misconception that teachers are solely responsible for promoting good moral character in their students.
A Review on Galvanizing Coating Defects: Causes and Remedies
Authors:   Metallurgy Engineering Department, Government Engineering College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India, Parmar Jayraj , Kumar Sharma Daulat ,   Metallurgy Engineering Department, Government Engineering College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India, Khyati Patel ,   Metallurgy Engineering Department, Government Engineering College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India, Sweta Patel ,   Metallurgy Engineering Department, Government Engineering College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India
Published: December 2022

Hot-dip galvanizing is an efficient technique to control the corrosion of substrates. Producing blemish-free coatings is a challenging task. Continuous work is done on galvanizing technology to achieve excellent surfaces; thus, flaws are encountered at intervals in all continuous galvanizing and galvannealed process. Most of each very small galvanized defect can appear like a draff particle, draff trapped actually a tiny lot of the blemishes found in hot-dipped galvanizing coatings. Also, almost all defects take place due to a roughed or mechanically dented surface, poor bath chemistry management, inadequate washing of the parts, and less maintained apparatus. Thus, the coated products, which are manufactured by galvanizers, have to develop the excellence of the line instrument, the heat treatment management, and the Zn bath in sequence to touching the hard and tough quality essential for automotive uses and applications. This review paper first discusses different types of galvanized coating defects, and then discusses different coating defects like Bare spot, Distortion, Dross, Touch marks, Dents, Rough Coating, Ash Deposit, Mechanical Damage, Blow out, Runs, Uncoated or Ungalvanized Surface, Reactive and Non-reactive steels welded together, Puddling and suggests possible remedial measures to be taken care; at the end, it summarize and concluded.
Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams by using Rice Husk Ash as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates in Cement Concrete
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering and Technology, Nawabshah-67450, Sindh, Pakistan, Chachar Zameer Abbas , Ali Imtiaz ,   School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hunan-410004, China, Raza Muhammad Saleem ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro-76062, Sindh, Pakistan., Narwani Tulsi Das ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering and Technology, Nawabshah-67450, Sindh, Pakistan., Raza Ismail ,   Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India, Hussain Mudasir ,   Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
Published: December 2022

Rice Husk has been utilized as a mineral admixture, cement replacement option, and filler in cement concrete as it provides several advantages such as improved strength values and environmental benefits related to the disposal of waste materials and to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions resulting from production of cement worldwide. In this study, flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams using rice husk ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregates is investigated. For this purpose, four types of concrete mixtures were produced using rice husk ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregates at replacement levels of 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The produced reinforced rice husk ash concrete prism specimens were cured in water and tested to determine the ultimate load and ultimate deflection at 28 days of curing. The test results depicted that, the maximum ultimate load carried by reinforced rice husk ash concrete beam is 39.4 KN with 10% rice husk ash at 28 days and minimum ultimate load is 19.02 KN with 20% rice husk ash used as a partial substitute of fine aggregates at 28 days. The minimum ultimate deflection of 0.97mm occurred with 10% rice husk ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate at 28 days of curing. Hence, this study concludes that 10% RHA can be utilized as a partial replacement of fine aggregates to provide strength in concrete and to reduce the environmental burden of rice husk waste. The results of this study will also provide a way forward to address the recent issues in construction sector, such as depletion of raw materials and increasing cost of construction.
Short-Term Aging Performance and Simulation of Modified Binders Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Alas Mustafa
Published: December 2022

The influence of polymer/nanocomposites (Acrylete-Styrene-Acrylonitrile (ASA)/ Nanosilica (Si)) asphalt binder aging and performance characteristics was investigated. ASA was used at 5% while nanosilcia was blended in 3, 5 and 7% concentrations by the weight of asphalt. Temperature sensitivity, aging resistance and viscoelastic properties of the asphalt binders were evaluated by conducting physical and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) testing procedures. The tests were performed under unaged and short-term aged conditions by simulating the aging of asphalt in a Rolling thin film oven (RTFO). Additionally, the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) modelling technique was adopted to predict the short-term aged behaviour of asphalt binders by using the viscoelastic properties of asphalt in an unaged state. The experimental outcomes from the DSR tests showed that the complex modulus (G*) was increased and the phase angle (δ) was reduced for the modified binders, indicating an improvement in the viscoelastic properties compared to the control asphalt binder. Furthermore, the considerably small difference in the G* and δ between the binders in unaged and RTFO aged states indicated that the modifiers had a positive effect in terms of improving the aging resistance of the asphalt binders. Moreover, the ANFIS model prediction capacity, which was assessed by the Coefficient of Determination (R2) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Mean Average Percentage Error (MAPE) was shown to be capable of accurately predicting the short term-aging behaviour of asphalt binders from the asphalt binder viscoelastic properties in an unaged state with an R2 value of 0.977, MSE of 0.00032 and MAPE of 0.286.
Visual Servo Algorithm of Robot Arm Simulation for Dynamic Tracking and Grasping Application
Authors:   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan  Malaysia, Malaysia, A/L Suppramaniam Rishi Arran , Mohd Zaman Mohd Hairi ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan  Malaysia, Malaysia, Ibrahim Mohd Faisal ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan  Malaysia, Malaysia, Mustaza Seri Mastura ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan  Malaysia, Malaysia, Moubark Asraf Mohamed ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan  Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Health pandemics such as Covid-19 have drastically shifted the world economics and boosted the development of automation technologies in the industries for continuous operation without human intervention. This paper elaborates on an approach to dynamically track and grasp moving objects using a robot arm. The robot arm has an eye-in-hand (EIH) configuration, where a camera is installed on the robot arm’s end effector. The working principle of the robot arm in this paper is mainly dependent on the recognition of augmented reality markers, i.e., Aruco markers, placed on the dynamically moving target object with continuous tracking. Then, the proposed system updates the predicted location for the markers using the Kalman filter for performing grasping. The proposed approach identifies the Aruco marker on the target object and estimates the object’s location using previous states, and performs grasping at the exact predicted location. When extracted information is updated, the vision system also implements a feedback control system for stability and reliability. The proposed approach is tested using simulation of the dynamic moving object with different speeds and directions. The robot arm with the Kalman filter can track and grasp the dynamic object at a speed of 0.2m/s with a 100% success rate while obtaining an 80% success rate at a speed of 0.3m/s. In conclusion, the moving object’s speed is directly proportional to the grasping time until it reaches the threshold speed for the camera in identifying the Aruco markers. Future works are required to improve the dynamic visual servo algorithm with motion planning when obstacles are present in the path of robot grasping.
State policy in the field of ensuring employment in the agricultural sector of the Bulgarian economy (1989–2007)
Authors:   Institute for Historical studies Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Mariia Heorhiieva
Published: December 2022

Ensuring the stable socio-economic development of Bulgaria, improving the demographic and infrastructural situation of rural areas and the well-being of villagers are possible primarily under the condition of increasing employment of the rural population level. However, the significant mismatch between the demand and supply of the agricultural labor market, and the lack of competitiveness of agricultural products in most of its sales markets, had a negative impact, first of all, on the efficiency of the use of labor and the differentiation of its activities in the agricultural sphere. Thus, the use of hired labor, the number of hired workers, mobility of the labor force in the labor market, and employment of the population in the agricultural sector of the economy for the period 2000–2007 in Bulgaria decreased by an average of 30% according to each of the above indicators. As a result, a significant and uncontrolled migration of labor resources in the agricultural sector negatively affected the food security of the country as a whole. Taking into account the above-mentioned problem, an urgent issue at the current stage of the development of the agrarian sector of the economy is the formation of effective diversification of the employment of labor resources. This, first of all, provided for the disclosure of the socio-economic essence, definition, characterization, and development of ways to increase the effectiveness of the diversification of labor force employment in the agricultural sector. As a result of the research, we established that there were different approaches to the interpretation of the content of effective state policy in the field of employment. The current state of employment of the population of Bulgaria was primarily characterized by a sharp decrease in the demand for labor, the closure or temporary suspension of the activities of enterprises, the reduction of employees, and part-time working hours. As a result, the number of unemployed increased, which was directly caused by the difficult political and socio-economic situation in Bulgaria. All this substantiated the relevance of this study.
Development of the W. Wilson administration’s position on Bolshevik Russia (november 1917 – march 1918)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Gorodnia Nataliya , Zatsepilo Valentyn ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: December 2022

This article intends to highlight the Wilson administration’s position on the Russian Bolshevik government and the development of a new U.S. policy toward Russia from November 1917, the time of the Bolshevik coup in Petrograd, to March 1918, when Soviet Russia ratified the separate Brest-Litovsk peace treaty with the Quadruple Alliance. During November 1917 – February 1918, the Wilson administration’s position on the Bolshevik government in Petrograd remained uncertain. On the one hand, the United States did not recognize this government, the Council of People’s Commissars, and was trying to find out the ability of Russian anti-Bolshevik groups to overthrow it. On the other hand, the American government wanted to establish informal contacts and cooperation with the Petrograd government to prevent Russia’s withdrawal from the war and the collapse of the Eastern Front. In addition, it was necessary to prevent the Germans from obtaining military supplies from warehouses in the Russian Far East. To protect them, the Allies discussed the possibility of military intervention and encouraged the United States to take part in it. The American government rejected this possibility, primarily because of the predicted negative perception of it by the people of Russia. The U.S. also opposed Japanese intervention because believed that under the guise of common allied goals, Japan would pursue its interests in Russia, including territorial expansion. The change in the position of the Wilson administration regarding the Japanese intervention became apparent in early March 1918. Woodrow Wilson withdrew his objections to the Japanese intervention in the Russian Far East only after it became obvious that Japan would carry it out anyway. The authority for such an intervention, given to Japan by the Allies, created certain requirements and restrictions on Japanese actions, which were in Russia’s interests. The shift in the U.S. position was also caused by the signing of a separate peace with the Quadruple Alliance by the Russian Bolshevik government. After that, the President stated that the U. S. did not recognize this government even de facto, and therefore the peace treaty signed by it. However, despite the negative attitude to the Bolshevik government, W. Wilson continued to treat Russia as an ally and tried to avoid decisions that did not meet the interests of Russia’s people.
micropaleontología como herramienta de datación e identificación de eventos climáticos en registros sedimentarios marinos
Authors: Alonso-Garcia Montserrat , Perez-Tarruella Javier , Bejard Thibauld Maxime , Azibeiro Lucía Alonso , Sierro Francisco Javier
Published: December 2022

Los microfósiles son una herramienta excepcional para hacer reconstrucciones climáticas y oceanográficas en sedimentos marinos debido a su alta abundancia, y a que muchos grupos permiten hacer estudios geoquímicos, especialmente los que presentan conchas de carbonato cálcico. En particular, las asociaciones de foraminíferos planctónicos han sido ampliamente utilizadas en ese sentido, ya que en el océano actual la distribución de las diferentes especies está íntimamente ligada a las condiciones climáticas y oceanográficas. La rápida respuesta de este grupo de microorganismos a los cambios climáticos nos permite utilizarlos para identificar eventos climáticos en un registro sedimentario y asociar esos eventos a sus equivalentes en registros de referencia bien datados. Esta práctica se conoce como eventoestratigrafía y nos permite obtener dataciones precisas y que pueden llegar a tener una resolución muy alta, por ejemplo, cuando se compara con los registros de los testigos de hielo de Groenlandia. Además, los análisis geoquímicos realizados en conchas de foraminíferos, como los isótopos de oxígeno (δ18O), también nos sirven para realizar eventoestratigrafía a diferentes escalas temporales. En este artículo, mostramos varios ejemplos de cómo se ha reconstruido el marco cronológico en secuencias sedimentarias marinas cercanas a la península ibérica a partir de abundancias relativas de foraminíferos planctónicos, paleotemperatura, o δ18O comparando los eventos climáticos del testigo de sedimento marino con los de un registro de referencia.
datación por Resonancia Paramagnética Electrónica de materiales cuaternarios
Authors: Duval Mathieu
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo pretende proporcionar una visión general del método de datación por Resonancia Paramagnética Electrónica (más conocido por su acrónimo ingles ESR procedente de Electron Spin Resonance), presentando sus principios básicos, su potencial y límites actuales. La ESR es un método paleodosimétrico, al igual que la luminiscencia. Se basa en la cuantificación de la dosis de radiación absorbida por la muestra a lo largo del tiempo debido a su exposición a la radiactividad natural. La ESR compensa una precisión menor respecto a otros métodos de referencia como el C14, Ar/Ar o U/Th, por una gran versatilidad de aplicación. Permite datar materiales muy diversos (p.ej., carbonatos, fosfatos, silicatos, sulfatos) como probablemente ningún otro método, aunque la datación de cuarzos y dientes fósiles son aplicaciones mucho más populares que las demás. Finalmente, además de su interés en geocronología, la técnica de ESR ha demostrado su utilidad en varios estudios del Cuaternario como en trabajos de termocronometria y paleotemperaturas, o para caracterizar cuarzos y determinar su origen.
Aplicación de los isótopos cosmogénicos terrestres en terrenos volcánicos del holoceno en México: experiencias y retos
Authors: Alcalá Reygosa Jesús , Macías Jose Luis , Arce Jose Luis
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se evalúa la aplicación de los isótopos cosmogénicos terrestres 10Be y 36Cl producidos in situ en dos centros eruptivos mexicanos, el volcán Jumento y el Complejo Volcánico Tacaná, para llevar a cabo la datación de relieves volcánicos y demostrar su edad holocénica. Su uso ha permitido mejorar la historia volcánica de ambos centros eruptivos, pero también ha puesto de manifiesto incertidumbres que deben ser solventadas para la obtención de edades más precisas. Así, si tenemos xenocristales de cuarzo en los relieves volcánicos, como por ejemplo en lavas, se puede aplicar 10Be pero es necesario tomar una cantidad suficiente de muestra para llevar a cabo los análisis en el Acelerador Espectrómetro de Masas (AMS) de forma adecuada, mientras que si aplicamos el 36Cl conviene realizar un análisis geoquímico previo de las rocas para estimar la cantidad de 35Cl y recolectar las muestras en superficies con un aspecto regular y en buen estado de conservación. Ambos aspectos son esenciales dado que la producción de 36Cl a partir de la captura de neutrones de baja energía (termales y epitermales) por el 35Cl todavía no está definida con precisión.
YEŞİLOVA (BURDUR) OFİYOLİTİNİN KUZEYBATISINDA YER ALAN ULTRAMAFİK-MAFİK KAYAÇLARIN VE İZOLE DAYKLARIN PETROLOJİSİ VE JEOKİMYASI
Authors: ÇETREZ Burçin , İLBEYLİ Nurdane , GÜNEŞ Alper , DEMİRBİLEK Mehmet , URAS Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Toros kuşağında Likya napları içerisinde yer alan Yeşilova (Burdur) Ofiyoliti ultramafik tektonitler, ultramafik-mafik kümülatlar, izotropik gabrolar, plajiyogranitler ve bazaltlardan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Yeşilova Ofiyolitinin, Salda, Düden ve Doğanbaba (KB Yeşilova, Burdur) mevkilerinde yüzeyleyen, ultramafik-mafik kayaçları (ana kayaçlar) ve bu kayaçları kesen izole dayklar ile ilgilidir. Bu araştırmada, kayaçların petrografik, jeokimyasal ve petrolojik özellikleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan petrografik incelemeler sonucunda ana kayaçlar serpantinit ve gabro, izole dayklar ise diyabaz bileşimine sahiptir. Ana kayaçlarda ve izole dayklarda serpantinleşme, uralitleşme, kloritleşme, sossoritleşme, epidotlaşma ve serisitleşme gibi alterasyon türleri gözlenmiştir. Ana kayaçlarda elek/ağ dokusu, izole dayklarda ise ofitik/subofitik ve intersertal dokular gözlemlenmiştir. Ti/Y - Nb/ Y diyagramına göre Yeşilova örnekleri toleyitik ve alkalen özelliktedir. Örümcek diyagramlarda, ana kayaçlar ve izole dayklarda LIL (ör: Rb, Ba, K, Sr, Eu) elementlerinde zenginleşme ve HFS elementlerinde (ör: Ta, Nb) ise tüketilme gözlenmektedir. Kondrit-normalize REE diyagramlarına göre ana kayaçlarda ve izole dayklarda LRE elementlerinde tüketilme ve HRE elementlerinde ise yataya yakın bir dağılıma sahip olup; N-MORB trendine benzerlik göstermektedir. Jeokimyasal değerlendirmeler sonucunda ise inceleme konusu olan kayaçlar için dalma-batma zonundaki (SSZ) yay ile ilişkili bir magmadan türediği söylenebilir.
New analysis of the comparative diagnostic performances of five different eGFR equations: The revised 2021 CKD-EPI eGFR, and the four older equations
Authors: UÇUCU Süheyl , SERİN Erdinç
Published: December 2022

Purpose: In 2021, the CKD-EPI-creatinine and CKD-EPI-creatinine-cystatin-C combined equations were revised again by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) and the National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) and it was reported that its accuracy was increased. The main object of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy and performance of 2009 CKD-EPI eGFRcr, 2012 CKD-EPI eGFRCysC, 2012 CKD-EPI eGFRcr-CysC, MDRD, and revised 2021 CKD-EPI to provide a better estimation.

Materials and Methods: The study design was prospective. The sample consisted of 111 CKD patients and 35 healthy individuals who applied to the nephrology clinic. All participants were evaluated by a nephrologist. The participants were divided into study groups according to their KDIGO classification. Five variables were used: age, race, gender, serum creatinine, and serum cystatin-C.

Results: 2012 CKD-EPI eGFR cystatin-C out performed existing equations in terms of accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity (AUC:0.988). Furthermore, when both creatinine and cystatin-C are included in an equation, it consistently improves diagnostic values over formulas containing only creatinine (2009CKD-EPI eGFRcr AUC:0.953, 2012CKD-EPI eGFRcr-CysC AUC: 0.985, 2021CKD-EPI eGFRcr AUC:0.954, MDRD AUC: 0.953, 2021CKD-EPI eGFRcr-CysC AUC: 0.985).

Conclusion: The new formula has not been confirmed to be superior to other equations in its ability to estimate eGFR values, particularly at higher levels of chronic kidney disease. When compared with existing equations, 2012 CKD-EPI eGFRCysC had higher specificity and sensitivity. Combined formulas containing both blood tests had higher diagnostic values than equations containing only creatinine. Our results can help inform which equations to use for better estimation in renal function screening.
Comparison of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology results before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the impact of the pandemic
Authors: ALTINTAŞ Süleyman , BAYRAK Mehmet
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the Bethesda classification to report the distribution of thyroid cytology diagnostic categories and total thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology numbers before and during the pandemic.

Materials and Methods: This study was planned in two phases: (1) before the pandemic, from March 15, 2018, and 29 February 2020, and during the pandemic period, from 1 March 2020 to 12 March 2022. Each period consisted of 24 months. The total number of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology performed before the pandemic and during the pandemic dates and histopathological data were obtained from the hospital database.

Results: 432 thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed in the pre-pandemic period and 351 during the pandemic. There was no significant difference considering age and gender in patients who underwent thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology before and during the pandemic. According to the Bethesda classification, those who were benign were 70.8% (n:306) and 59.0% (n:207) respectively before pandemia and during the pandemia. According to the Bethesda classification, malignant lesions were 4.4%(n:19), and 9.1%(n:32) before and during the pandemia, respectively. During the pandemic, malignant lesions were detected significantly more than before the pandemic.

Conclusion: Malignant lesions were detected significantly more in the thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology results according to the Bethesda classification during the pandemic period compared to before the pandemic period.
Effect of risk group on survival in non-Wilms' renal tumors in children
Authors: ÖZKAN Ayşe , BAYRAM İbrahim , TUTUŞ Kamuran , SEZGİN Gülay , ERDOGAN Seyda , KÜPELİ Serhan
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate tne effect of the risk group on the clinical features of the disease, treatment strategies and especially survival in children with Non-Wilms’ renal tumors (NWRTs).

Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with NWRTs followed up and treated between January 2012 and January 2022 were included in the study (n=29; 16 boys and 13 girls). They were categorized into high- and low-risk groups based on their histological type. Patient records were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of these patients were analyzed.

Results: The high-risk group comprised clear cell sarcoma (CCSK) (n=8, 27.6%), malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) (n=3, 10.3%), renal cell carcinoma (n=2, 6.9%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n=1, 3.4%), and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) (n=1, 4%). The low-risk group comprised congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) (n=9, 31%), angiomyolipoma (n=4, 3.8%), and hemangioma (n=1, 3.4%). Five patients died due to disease progression (mortality rate, 17%), all of whom belonged to the high-risk group (three patients with MRT, one with CCSK, one with PNET). The 5-year survival rate was 72% for the high risk group and 100% for the low risk group.

Conclusion: Although low-risk tumors are associated with excellent outcomes, the outcomes vary in high-risk tumors. Physicians should be wary of high mortality rates in children with MRT, CCSK, and PNET, and should design multidisciplinary treatments for NWRTs.
Portal hypertension research activity: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: KAPLAN Kuntay , SOLAK Yavuzalp
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Portal hypertension (PHT) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a portal vein pressure gradient exceeding 5 mm Hg. Portal hypertensive complications have high morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to provide an overview of portal hypertension research, as well as investigate the publications and citations of countries, authors, and institutions, international cooperation, and the density of terms used, employ a bibliometric analysis method, and shed light on future research.
Materials and Methods: The search was performed on the Web of Science (WoS) on October 21, 2021. The term "Portal hypertension" was searched in the paper "title" section between 01.01.2001 and 31.12.2020. The software VOS viewer (Version 1.6.17), which shows the partnership mesh in bibliometric works, was used to analyze the data obtained.
Results: The most frequently used keyword was portal hypertension with 46.4%, followed by cirrhosis with 11.1% and liver cirrhosis with 7.4%. In our study, the most effective journals related to portal hypertension were the World Journal of Gastroenterology (86 articles, 1264 citations), the Journal of Hepatology (45 articles, 2781 citations), and Hepatology (44 articles, 3769 citations), and Gastroenterology had the highest average citation (117.8).
Conclusion: The present study offers an alternative viewpoint on global research trends in portal hypertension between 2001 and 2020 and is the first bibliometric analysis of portal hypertension, an issue with an increasing publication trend. We believe that by providing comprehensive and structured information on portal hypertension, the study will assist researchers in identifying publication hotspots and gaps on the subject.
Innovations in Bronchoscopy: Robotic-assisted Bronchoscopy
Authors: Naaman Rami ,   Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, Kapp Christopher M ,   Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Published: December 2022

Low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer has led to the increased detection of peripheral pulmonary nodules (PPN). Bronchoscopic modalities of PPN biopsy (ultrathin bronchoscope, radial endobronchial ultrasound, electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy) have not consistently shown diagnostic yields as high as ultrasound- or computed tomography-guided transthoracic needle aspiration or surgical lung biopsy. Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy gained US Food and Drug Administration approval in 2018 and 2019, and preliminary data have shown an improvement in the ability to navigate to PPN, obtain a diagnosis and evaluate tissue for molecular markers, all while maintaining a safety profile similar to that of traditional bronchoscopic methods. In this article, we aim to briefly summarize the data available on this novel technology and its potential for future applications.
Tackling ‘People Remodelling’ in Corticosteroid-dependent Asthma with Type-2 Targeting Biologics and a Formal Corticosteroid Weaning Protocol
Authors: St-Germain Olivier ,   Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, Lachapelle Philippe ,   Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, Pavord Ian D ,   Respiratory Medicine Unit and Oxford Respiratory NIHR BRC, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Couillard Simon ,   Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
Published: December 2022

People with severe corticosteroid-dependent asthma have greater morbidity, mortality and corticosteroid side effects than any other people with asthma. Just as type-2 inflammation and recurrent asthma attacks remodel airways, we propose the concept of ‘people remodelling’ to represent the utter disruption of people’s lives by the consequences of severe asthma and its associated corticosteroid treatments. To tackle this important problem, three biologics targeting type-2 inflammation – mepolizumab, benralizumab and dupilumab – have shown efficacy in tapering corticosteroids in dedicated phase III trials. We herein review the literature and propose an evidence-based, dose- and agent-specific corticosteroid weaning protocol for busy clinicians looking to achieve the best outcomes possible for their patients: independence from corticosteroids and reversal of people remodelling.
Ensifentrine: A First-in-class Bifunctional Drug for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Cazzola Mario ,   Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy, Page Clive ,   Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, King’s College London, London, UK, Matera Maria Gabriella ,   Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
Published: December 2022

Ensifentrine is an inhaled ‘bifunctional’ dual phosphodiesterase 3/4 inhibitor that exhibits both bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activities. Preclinical research has shown that ensifentrine can induce significant relaxation of human bronchi in vitro and suggested the possibility of a synergistic interaction between ensifentrine and β2-adrenoceptor agonists and, mainly, muscarinic receptor antagonists. Ensifentrine is the only dual phosphodiesterase 3/4 inhibitor under clinical development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has been shown to induce bronchodilation, with a peak bronchodilator effect in patients with COPD similar to that seen after salbutamol administration, and anti-inflammatory activity in healthy individuals. Combined with standard bronchodilators (salbutamol, ipratropium or tiotropium), ensifentrine causes additional bronchodilation and, importantly, a significant reduction in hyperinflation in patients with stable moderate to severe COPD. A recent statement on the top-line phase III ENHANCE-2 study reported that ensifentrine induced significant bronchodilation and reduced the risk of moderate-to-severe COPD exacerbations in study participants. Ensifentrine continues to show promise as a novel drug for treating patients with COPD. Nevertheless, it is necessary to understand whether ensifentrine will be able to replace or reduce the use of currently available classes of bronchodilators, and/or whether it will be a valuable add-on therapy to the current standard of care to further optimize bronchodilation. Furthermore, it will be critical to clarify the anti-inflammatory profile of ensifentrine.
Levodopa-entakapon-karbidopa intestinalis gélinfúzió előrehaladott Parkinson-kórban : Új kezelési lehetőség intrajejunalis levodopa adagolására
Authors: Györfi Bertalan , Baló Botond , Botz Krisztina , Jost Wolfgang H.
Published: December 2022

Előrehaladott Parkinson-kórban a szájon át adható gyógyszeres kezelés gyakran nem éri el a kellő terápiás hatást. Az eszköztámogatott terápiás módszerek egyike, a levodopa intrajejunalis adagolása, értékes alternatívának bizonyult. A jól ismert intestinalis levodopapumpa egy modern változata lehetővé teszi a levodopa, karbidopa és entakapon orális hármas kombinációjának további alkal­mazását, amellyel sok beteg már előzőleg kezelve volt. Ez, az entakapont is tartalmazó, modern kezelési lehetőség 2021. február óta érhető el Ausztriában és Német­ország­ban és a levodopadózis csökkentését is eredményezheti az intestinalis levodopadózishoz (LCIG) viszonyítva. A közel­jövőben számos más országban, köztük Magyarországon is egyedi támogatással igényelhető. A pumpa és az in­tes­tinalis gélt tartalmazó patron lényegesen kisebb és könnyebb, mint az LCIG-pumpa, ami javítja a terápia elfogadottságát. Egy Svédországban végzett tanulmány a kisebb pumpa magasabb elfogadottsági arányáról és felhasználóbarátabb kezelésről számolt be a betegek körében. Azonban az entakapon esetlegesen fellépő nem­kívánt mellékhatásait nem szabad figyelmen kívül hagyni.
Alemtuzumabterápiával kezelt sclerosis multiplexes betegek követéses vizsgálata a szegedi Sclerosis Multiplex Centrumban
Authors: Fricska-Nagy Zsanett , Füvesi Judit , Kincses Zsigmond Tamás , Légrádi Dóra , Vécsei László , Klivényi Péter , Bencsik Krisztina
Published: December 2022

A relapszus-remisszió kórformájú sclerosis multiplex kezelési stratégiája az elmúlt évtizedben jelentő­sen megváltozott. Míg korábban az eszkalációs terápia volt az elfogadott terápiás módszer, napjainkban magas betegségaktivitás esetén lehetőségünk van indukciós kezelés indítására is. Vizsgálatunkban az alemtuzumabbal kezelt betegeink regiszterben rögzített adatait dolgoztuk fel. Meg­határoztuk a kezelés hatására a betegek relapszusrátájának, valamint MR-aktivitásának változását. Összehasonlítottuk továbbá ezen adatokat azon két betegcsoport között, amelyeknél indukciós, illetve eszkalációs terápia­ként alkalmaztuk az alemtuzumabot. Rögzítettük az előforduló mellékhatásokat. A vizsgálatban szereplő 49 beteg már túl van a két ciklus alemtuzumabkezelésen. Indukciós terápia­ként kilenc esetben alkalmaztuk a gyógyszert. A kezelés előtti két évben az átlag relapszusráta 1,4 ± 1,0 volt, a kezelést követő két évben ez 0,1 ± 0,3-ra csökkent. A kezelés előtti átlag EDSS-pontszám az indukciós cso­port­ban 2,7 ± 2,2, az eszkalációs csoportban 2,7 ± 1,7 volt. A kezelés után ez indukció esetén 1,6 ± 0,6-ra, eszkaláció esetén 2,5 ± 1,8-re csökkent. Klinikai és MR-progressziót négy betegnél találtunk. A mellékhatásokat tekintve citokinfelszabadulási reakció a betegek 51,0%-ánál (1. ciklus), illetve 24,5%-ánál (2. ciklus) jelentkezett, kezeléssel összefüggő fertőzés 28,6%-uknál fordult elő, autoimmun thyreoiditist a betegek 18,3%-ánál igazoltunk. A kezelt betegek szoros követése és a re­giszter dokumentációja hozzájárul ahhoz, hogy az egyes terápiák placebokontrollált klinikai vizsgálatai által ismert eredményeket a napi gyakorlat adataival összevethessük, továbbá a terápiás szemléletváltás, azaz az indukciós kezelés előnyéről információt kapjunk.
Ischaemiás stroke-on átesett afáziás személyek olvasási folyamatainak elemzése
Authors: Kis Orsolya , Steklács János , Jakab Katalin , Klivényi Péter
Published: December 2022

A nyelvi folyamatok részét képezi az ol­vasás is. Mivel a nyelvi folyamatok működése szoros interakció révén valósul meg, a nyelvi folyamat károsodása hatással van az olvasásra is. A stroke utáni rehabilitáció hatékonyságának növelése érdekében a nyelvi terápia megtervezésekor érdemes hangsúlyt fektetni az afáziához társuló olvasászavar vizsgálatára is. Kutatásunk célja az afáziához társuló olvasászavar jellegzetességeinek fel­tárása a személyre szabott nyelvi terápia kialakítása érdekében. Kutatásunkban 19, ischaemiás stroke-on átesett afáziás személy vett részt. Minden beteg jobb kezes volt, tüneteiket bal arteria cerebri media területi infarktus okozta. Az afázia súlyosságát a Western Afázia Teszttel határoztuk meg, eszerint 10 enyhe és 9 közepesen súlyos beteg vett részt a vizsgálatban. Az olvasás vizsgálatára egy általunk összeállított olvasástesztet használtunk, ami négy feladatcsoportból állt. A tesztfelvétel során a betegek szemmozgásait a Tobii X120 szemkamerás készülékkel rögzítettük és elemeztük. A betegek olvasásteszten elért pontszámait elemezve szignifikáns pozitív korrelációt kaptunk a Wes­tern Afázia Teszt által meghatározható főbb nyelvi terü­le­tek, valamint az olvasás egyes részterületei között. A szemmozgásokat illetően vizsgáltuk a fixációk számát, valamint az összes fixációs időt. Adataink alapján a nyelvi zavar súlyosságának következtében szignifikánsan megnő a fixációk száma és ideje. Eredményeink alapján még az enyhe afáziás betegeknél is kimutatható diszkrét olvasási zavar, ami az olvasástesztnél szenzitívebb eye-tracking módszerrel detektálható. Fontos lenne a célzott terápiát igénylő szubklinikai olvasási zavar kimutatása. Afáziás betegeknél javasolt olvasásvizsgálatot is végezni, továbbá érdemes a betegek nyelvi rehabilitációjában erre a területre is fókuszálni. Vizsgálataink hozzájárulhatnak az afáziához társuló olvasászavar pontosabb diagnosztikájához és az egyénre szabott nyelvi terápia megtervezéséhez.
Does pandemic change the ocrelizumab therapy approach? Yes. : Single center ocrelizumab experience
Authors: Tezer Damla Çetinkaya , Dogan Ipek Gungor , Atmaca Melek Colak , Atmaca Murat Mert , Demir Serkan
Published: December 2022

We know that treatment algorithms have changed in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) practice during the pandemic. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there was a change in the patient population for ocrelizumab (OCR) treatment during the pandemic period, the treatment compliance of the patients, and the course of the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) disease in the patients who received OCR. Our study was designed as a survey study. A questionnaire was sent to the patients assessing whether they had COVID-19 infection, whether they received treatments regularly before and after the pandemic, vaccination status and duration of OCR treatment. Demographic characteristics of the patients, treatments they used before, MS type, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were determined from the database. Each group of OCR started before pandemic and OCR started after pandemic were compared. We included into the study 86 patients who started OCR before pandemic period and 75 patients who started OCR after the pandemic. Demographic features were similar. EDSS scores were higher in the group that started OCR treatment before the pandemic (p<0.0001). The patients who started OCR treatment before the pandemic had more disruptions than which started during the pandemic (p<0.0001). No correlation was found between the duration of OCR treatment and COVID-19 infection (p=0.940). We observed that the patients who had severe COVID-19 infection had received OCR therapy for a longer period. This retrospective study concluded that the OCR treatment approach in our center had changed during the pandemic period. OCR therapy was started in patients with less disability. The possible reasons for this situation include the proven relationship between high EDSS and serious COVID-19 infection, and that the patients who have higher EDSS score had troubles in reaching health institutions during the pandemic. The result that patients with severe COVID-19 infection received OCR treatment for a longer period necessitates more evidence-based research to investigate the relationship between treatment duration and disease severity.