bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exact Solution of Several Families of Location-Arc Routing Problems
Authors: Fernández Elena , Laporte Gilbert , Rodríguez-Pereira Jessica
Published: July 2019

We model and solve several families of location-arc routing problems on an undirected graph. These problems extend the multidepot rural postman problem to the case where the depots are not fixed. The aim is to select the facility locations and to construct a set of routes traversing each required edge of the graph, where each route starts and ends at the same facility. The models differ from each other in their objective functions and on whether they include a capacity constraint. Alternative formulations are presented that use only binary variables, and are valid even when the input graph is not complete. This applies, in particular, to a compact two-index formulation for problems minimizing the overall routing costs, with or without facility setup costs. This formulation incorporates a new set of constraints that force the routes to be consistent and return to their original depots. A polyhedral study is presented for some of the formulations, which indicates that the main families of constraints are facet defining. All formulations are solved by branch and cut, and instances with up to 200 vertices are solved to optimality. Despite the difficulty of the problems, the numerical results demonstrate the good performance of the algorithm.
Oxygen alert wristbands (OxyBand) and controlled oxygen: a pilot study
Authors: Rickards Emma , Wat Dennis , Kelly Carol Ann , Sibley Sarah
Published: July 2019

Despite the introduction of Oxygen Alert Cards, guidelines and audits, oxygen therapy remains overused in NHS practice, and this may lead to iatrogenic mortality. This pilot study aimed to examine the use of Oxygen Alert Wristbands (OxyBand) designed to alert health professionals who are delivering oxygen to patients to ensure that the oxygen is administered and titrated safely to the appropriate target saturations. Patients at risk of hypercapnic acidosis were asked to wear OxyBands while presenting to paramedics and health professionals in hospitals. Inappropriate prescription of oxygen reduced significantly after the OxyBands were used. A questionnaire-based assessment showed that the clinicians involved had a good understanding of the risks of uncontrolled oxygen. Forty-two patients found the wrist band comfortable to wear, and only two did not. OxyBands may have the potential to improve patient safety over Oxygen Alert Cards.
The effect of nutrition on older people's mental health
Authors: Harbottle Lynn
Published: July 2019

In the context of a rapidly ageing population, with an increasing prevalence of mood disorders and a greater incidence of physical illness in older adults, it is imperative that their healthcare needs are effectively addressed. Nutritional vulnerability increases in later life for various reasons, related to the physiological impact of ageing as well as social and economic challenges. Specific nutrients and overall diet quality may impact on mood. Depression and anxiety in turn impact on interest in and ability to eat and may further distort intake and exacerbate symptoms. Whether working with older adults living at home or in the care setting, nurses need to be aware of and able to identify, refer and support those who need help. This article aims to raise awareness and provides some practical guidance for nurses working with older adults experiencing mood disorders.
Holding it all together
Authors: Delap Naomi
Published: July 2019

Naomi Delap outlines ‘Holding it all together’, a project aimed at understanding the human rights issues experienced by perinatal women facing severe disadvantage
Lived experiences of young pregnant women who smoke
Authors: Johnson Fiona , Hewitt-Taylor Jaqui , Norton Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

Background

Smoking tobacco during pregnancy can lead to adverse pregnancy and child health outcomes.

Aim

To gain insight of smoking during pregnancy from young pregnant women's lived experience.

Method

A descriptive phenomenological approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five women aged 18-20 years who had smoked tobacco during pregnancy.

Findings

Themes that emerged from the data were related to culture and routine, psychological wellbeing, self-efficacy, public opinion, recognition of harm, whom they spoke to about smoking, and the approaches that helped behaviour change.

Conclusions

Midwives were seen as the trusted health professional by the young women and a non-judgemental approach was valued to promote self-efficacy. Smoking cessation services were not recognised as beneficial, and cutting down, rather than using nicotine replacement therapy or e-cigarettes, was preferred.
Anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) and its effect on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of hyperlipidemic rat
Authors: SA’ADAH NOOR NAILIS , INDIANI ADEK MAYANG , NURHAYATI AWIK PUJI DYAH , ASHURI NOVA MAULIDINA
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Sa’adah NN, Indiani AM, Nurhayati APD, Ashuri NM. 2019. Anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) and its effect on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of hyperlipidemic rat. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 112-118. Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) is an endemic plant in Indonesia that its fruit have a purplish red color, which indicated that parijoto fruits contain anthocyanins, pigments of the flavonoid class that responsible for the red, blue and purple coloration of many flowers and fruits. This study was aimed to determine the total yield of extract and anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) pericarp and whole fruit and the effect of parijoto whole fruit extract on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of the hyperlipidemic rats. Extraction of parijoto fruit and pericarp were carried out by the maceration method with methanol as a solvent. Determination of the total anthocyanin was done by pH difference method. MDA serum levels were done in a pre-test and post-test Randomized controlled group design was used in this study. Rats were divided into five groups: normal rats, hyperlipidemic rats, hyperlipidemic rats treated with methanol extract of parijoto (500 mg · kg ˗1, 1000 mg · kg ˗1, and 1500 mg · kg˗1 body weight). Blood was collected at hyperlipidemia state and after treatment of methanol extract of parijoto for determination of MDA level in blood serum. The results showed that the total yield of parijoto pericarp extract and the whole fruits were 11.46 g (3.18% ) and 9.02 g (2.88%) respectively. Anthocyanins content of parijoto pericarp and whole fruit extracts  were 208.75 mg · L-1 and 173.7 mg · L-1. Administration of methanol extract of whole fruit parijoto  in hyperlipidemic rats reduced serum MDA levels significantly (p < 0.01), from 14.88 nmol · mL-1 to 8.63 nmol · mL-1.
Book Review
Authors: Aghasafari Sahar
Published: July 2019

Art as a Way of Talking for Emergent Bilingual Youth: A Foundation for Literacy in PreK-12 Schools, Berta Rosa Berriz, Amanda Claudia Wager and Vivian Maria Poey (eds) (2019) New York: Routledge Publishing, 276 pp., ISBN 978-0-81538-451-9, p/bk, $49.95
Des-homogeneizar os Ciganos Portugueses: perfis sociais e heterogeneidade sócio-cultural
Authors: Mendes Maria Manuela Ferreira , Magano Olga , Candeias Pedro
Published: July 2019

Com o objetivo de esboçar um retrato nacional sobre as pessoas ciganas em Portugal foi elaborado um estudo que conciliou uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa e quantitativa (análise documental; entrevistas em profundidade; método Delphi; inquéritos por questionário a autarquias locais, a pessoas ciganas e a especialistas, tais como investigadores, mediadores e técnicos de intervenção social). Este artigo visa apresentar os principais resultados de um inquérito por questionário a pessoas ciganas e discutir as continuidades e diferenciações sociais entre os ciganos através da análise multivariada e utilização do método de Delphi, tendo sido possível definir alguns perfis sociais, de acordo com a idade, escolaridade e ocupação dos inquiridos, que nos levam a questionar o uso acrítico da categoria “Ciganos” que tem efeitos homogeneizadores e essencialistas.
¿Todavía existe la comunidad?: Turismo comunitario y nuevas formas de organización social a caballo entre la tradición y la modernidad.
Authors: García Andreu Hugo , Ullán de la Rosa Javier
Published: July 2019

El turismo comunitario ha reavivado el interés de la Sociología por la noción de comunidad y su capacidad heurística. Algunos investigadores sostienen que la existencia de comunidad depende de la presencia de variables estructurales establecidas por lo primeros clásicos de las ciencias sociales que abordaron el asunto (Durkheim y Tönnies). Para otros, la Modernidad obliga a rastrear la existencia de comunidad en la capacidad de acción colectiva de los grupos humanos. Este trabajo contribuye a este debate discutiendo los resultados del análisis de la iniciativa de turismo étnico de marcado carácter colectivista desarrollada en la comunidad mapuche de Llaguepulli, Chile.
La construcción de subjetividad política en la escuela. Una experiencia en tres centros de secundaria.
Authors: Palacios Mena Nancy
Published: July 2019

El artículo es el resultado de la lectura comprensiva de los discursos y prácticas en los que se evidencia expresiones de construcción de subjetividad política en los jóvenes estudiantes de tres instituciones educativas en Colombia. Se evidenciaron dos grupos de expresiones: las narraciones de construcción de sí y la interpelación al orden establecido; además de su incidencia sobre el sistema de relaciones entre los actores escolares, se pudo determinar que dichas expresiones permiten comprender las reivindicaciones de los jóvenes estudiantes que pugnan por el reconocimiento político y por la inclusión de sus expectativas dentro de una relectura de la ciudadanía.
Serological, clinical, and risk factors of the Newcastle disease on broilers flocks in Algeria
Authors: Messaï Chafik Redha , Salhi Omar , khelef Djamel , Lounas Aziz , Mohamed-Cherif Abdellah , Kaidi Rachid , Aït-Oudhia Khatima
Published: July 2019

Aim: The work aimed at studying the serological and clinical factors, as well as the risk factors of the Newcastle disease (ND) on broilers herds in Algeria. Materials and Methods: A sample of 1248 birds was randomly selected from 52 broiler flocks. We took blood samples from each bird at the level of the wing vein area where an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was carried out through the use of an IDvet kit. Results: The flocks showed 82.69% of seroprevalence. Clinically speaking, the most common symptoms were sneezing, rale, greenish diarrhea, torticollis, and motor discords. Most commonly observed postmortem lesions were the proventriculitis, tracheitis, and enteritis. Especially, the caeca are hemorrhagic. The scores show the effect of risk factors. There was a significant effect on the mortality, the hygiene and vaccination groups on antibody titers in time 2. The antibody titers were elevated in the herd that recorded a high mortality (more than 10%) compared with those which recorded a low mortality (<10%) (p=0.002). Therefore, the antibody titers were elevated in herds with bad hygiene, compared with the ones with good hygiene (p=0.04). At last, when broiler chicken were not boosted by ND vaccine, flocks appeared to be more seropositive (p=0.02). Conclusion: The serological survey conducted in this study provided an important scope for ND as a dominant viral disease in broilers. Many factors are responsible for the onset of these diseases; correct biosecurity measures are needed to reduce the impact of this pathology in poultry farms.
What are Cascading Disasters?
Authors: Alexander David , Pescaroli Gianluca
Published: July 2019

Cascades have emerged as a new paradigm in disaster studies. The high level of dependency of modern populations on critical infrastructure and networks allows the impact of disasters to propagate through socio- economic systems. Where vulnerabilities overlap and interact, escalationpoints are created which can create secondary effects with greater impact than the primary event. This article explains how complexity can be categorised and analysed in order to find those weak points in society that enable cascading impacts to develop. Scenarios can be used to identify critical dependencies and guide measures designed to increase resilience.Experience suggests that many potential impacts of cascading disasters remain uninvestigated, which provides ample scope for escalation of impacts into complex forms of crisis.
A relação dos professores com a biblioteca escolar: um estudo de caso
Authors: Romero Márcia Cicci , Arena Adriana Pastorello Buim
Published: July 2019

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa concluída em 2011 na cidade de Uberlândia MG e tem como objetivo mostrar como os professores relacionavam-se com a biblioteca da escola para o desenvolvimento da leitura e da escrita. Já os objetivos específicos compreendiam em identificar como os professores utilizavam esse espaço; analisar a frequência que levavam seus alunos a esse espaço escolar e verificar quais eram as regras que a escola impunha ao seu uso. A metodologia escolhida foi o estudo de caso do tipo etnográfico na abordagem qualitativa. Utilizou-se também da observação e da entrevista. Como resultado, apesar de os professores terem se preocupado com o uso da biblioteca, concluímos que não houve essa interação entre os docentes e a bibliotecária. As idas à biblioteca funcionavam apenas como local para mostra de filmes e a leitura era vista como castigo.

Palavras-chave: Biblioteca – escolar. Leitura. Livros.
Educação Ambiental: um estudo de caso em uma comunidade ribeirinha do Estado do Amazonas
Authors: Nogueira Maria de Nazaré Leal , Souza Leandro de Oliveira
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo é resultado de uma investigação que objetivou entender o ambiente escolar e a problemática socioambiental nas comunidades ribeirinhas no estado do Amazonas, com base na literatura e na observação de campo. Parte-se da seguinte questão: quais os problemas enfrentados e por que promover educação ambiental nas comunidades ribeirinhas amazônicas? Trata-se de um estudo analítico descritivo, que fez uso de entrevistas com registro em áudio e imagens e observação direta com registro em diário de campo. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram moradores de uma comunidade ribeirinha. A análise dos dados deu-se de forma hermenêutica e a comunicação pautada na metodologia de estudo de caso. Os resultados apontam que a educação ambiental, se pautada na realidade local e promovida dentro das comunidades, torna-se um alicerce para que futuras gerações e, em especial, os próprios moradores se tornem capazes de planejar, desenvolver e superar problemas no ambiente em que vivem.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunidades Ribeirinhas. Qualidade de vida. Educação Ambiental.
Alfabetização Científica: possibilidades didático-pedagógicas da revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças Online
Authors: Teixeira Maria do Rocio Fontoura , Pereira Juliana Carvalho , Stueber Ketlen
Published: July 2019

Analisa trinta e cinco textos da revista Ciência Hoje para as Crianças Online, considerando-a como fonte de informação na perspectiva didático-pedagógicas para a mediação da Alfabetização Científica. A questão principal do estudo foi: Como a revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças Online pode viabilizar a Alfabetização Científica no ensinar e aprender ciência? A abordagem metodológica foi de natureza qualitativa e fundamentou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise de conteúdo. Identificaram-se os autores e as instituições que contribuíram na produção dos textos e a que público se destinavam. Elencaram-se os facilitadores de Alfabetização Científica, níveis de interdisciplinaridade e as possíveis aplicabilidades didático-pedagógicas. Conclui-se que as matérias analisadas possuem viabilidade pedagógica, fomentam debates e reflexões a partir do conhecimento científico. Evidencia-se a atuação da revista no Ensino de Ciências e indica o quão necessário são as investigações de temas no viés científico que possam fomentar práticas inovadoras na perspectiva do ensino interdisciplinar.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ensino de Ciências. Alfabetização Científica. Ciência Hoje das Crianças.
Luz e vida: um diálogo com professores de Ciências
Authors: Ramos Mônica Cunha , Sales Nilva Lúcia Lombardi , Martins Silvia
Published: July 2019

Os programas de formação continuada de professores em museus de ciências permitem uma aproximação do museu com a escola e o estreitamento do relacionamento com os professores. Nesse contexto, o Museu Dica ofereceu o curso “Luz e Vida”, buscando criar um espaço dialógico e promover uma reflexão sobre as práticas. Dessa forma, este trabalho caracterizou o perfil dos professores a partir dos “ciclos de vida” propostas por Huberman (2000) e buscou entender as relações desses professores com o tema, bem como com a proposta dialógica apresentada no curso. No decorrer do curso encontramos dificuldades para o estabelecimento do diálogo, evidenciando a expectativa por uma abordagem transmissiva do conteúdo. Apesar das dificuldades, percebemos o entusiasmo dos professores em relação ao curso.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Luz. Dialogicidade. Formação de Professores.
Estrés por aculturación y estrategias de afrontamiento en una muestra de refugiados y solicitantes de asilo en Lima (Perú)
Authors: Cabrerizo Patricia , Villacieros Iciar
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar los estresores y estrategias de afrontamiento asociados al proceso de aculturación de una muestra de refugiados y solicitantes de asilo en Lima, Perú. A través de la metodología cualitativa, se analizaron 22 entrevistas semi-estructuradas (11 varones y 11 mujeres) procedentes de Venezuela, Colombia y Cuba, entre otros. Los resultados revelan tres grupos de estresores: estrés por falta de derechos y condiciones de vida, dificultades para relacionarse con los locales en el país de destino y dificultades familiares. Las estrategias de afrontamiento fueron llevar una vida espiritual, pensar en el bienestar de su familia, creer en las propias capacidades, expresar emociones, buscar activamente soluciones y apoyo social. En conclusión, los estresores se presentaron en conjunto, retroalimentándose, lo que parece llevar al uso de diversas estrategias de afrontamiento.
Los otros trabajadores agrícolas transnacionales: una red de injertadores mexicanos
Authors: Sanchez Gomez Martha Judith , Torres Francisco
Published: July 2019

La globalización del régimen agroalimentario ha detonado una serie de flujos migratorios transnacionales. Los más estudiados han sido los de los jornaleros de temporada que realizan los trabajos más arduos, precarios y estacionales. Los trabajadores transnacionales especializados tanto en el campo como en las diversas actividades requeridas para una industria vitivinícola globalizada no han sido estudiados. Este artículo aborda el estudio de una red de trabajadores agrícolas especializados, los injertadores. Se estudia el origen de la red en el condado de Napa y su ampliación y consolidación que ha llevado a estos trabajadores a diferentes países y continentes. Se analizan las características de esa red y las trayectorias sociolaborales de esos injertadores mexicanos así como su importancia en una industria que se basa en una economía de signos y símbolos en donde la calidad y la distinción de sus vinos es un elemento central que lleva a la creciente necesidad de esa actividad.
Anestesi Regional pada Pasien dengan Penyakit Jantung/ Hemodinamik Tidak Stabil
Authors: Nurcahyo Widya Istanto
Published: July 2019

Pembiusan pasien dengan penyakit jantung sebelumnya merupakan tantangan yang menarik. Penyebab paling umum morbiditas dan mortalitas perioperatif pada pasien jantung adalah penyakit jantung iskemik (PJI). Goldman dkk. melaporkan bahwa 500.000 hingga 900.000 infark miokard terjadi setiap tahun di seluruh dunia dengan mortalitas 10-25%. Keputusan untuk menggunakan anestesi regional tergantung pada banyak faktor. Karakteristik pasien, jenis operasi yang direncanakan, dan potensi risiko anestesi semuanya akan berdampak pada pilihan anestesi dan manajemen perioperatif.Kerugian dari anestesi regional termasuk hipotensi dari blokade simpatis yang tidak   terkendali dan kebutuhan untuk loading volume dapat menyebabkan iskemia. Pemberian anetesi lokal dalam dosis besar juga harus mempertimbangkan risiko toksisitas depresi miokard. Pada pasien dengan penyakit kardiovaskular, teknik anestesi regional (baik tunggal atau dengan anestesi umum) bermanfaat perioperatif dalam mengurangi respon stres, simpatektomi jantung, ekstubasi lebih awal, lama rawat di rumah sakit lebih pendek, dan analgesia pascaoperasi yang baik. Selain jenis operasi yang dilakukan, dalam pelaksanaannya juga harus mempertimbangkan masalah yang ada pada masing-masing pasien. Anestesi umum juga memberikan peranan penting karena bersifat kardioprotektif dan dapat meningkatkan suplai oksigen. Keputusan untuk menggunakan anestesi regional harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati dan dilakukan dengan pemantauan yang tepat.
„Paciorki mozaikowe w otwartym palenisku?”. Kontynuacja badań
Authors: Krzyżanowska Marta , Frankiewicz Mateusz
Published: July 2019

The aim of the experiment was to confirm the hypothesis about the possibility of Scandinavian bead makers crafting complex mosaic glass beads. For this purpose, raw glass material and tools from archaeological sites were examined. Metal tools and glass mosaic canes were made, for the purpose of the experiment, based on archaeological finds. All the glass beads were made during the experiment on a specially constructed open hearth. As a result of the experiments, the possibility of making mosaic glass beads on an open hearth was confirmed. A theoretical and practical procedure for making complex glass beads has been proposed.
Nová stříbrná kaptorga ze středních Čech v souvislosti s konkrétním výrobním okruhem(?) v Praze
Authors: Profantová Naďa , Daněček David
Published: July 2019

In response to the new find of a small silver trapezoid casket — i.e. kaptorga — from the grave of female H 2103 from Hostivice-Palouky, we focused our paper on the small group of such amulet caskets from Central Bohemia, decorated with engraved animal motifs on a punched background and with a knot made with the assistance of a pair of compasses on their lids and dated to the 2nd half of the 10th century. The kaptorga from Hostivice belongs to the Bohemian openable construction type IA, and was decorated with an engraving of a pair of birds with their heads turned on eitherr side of a stylized tree of life with leaf-shaped tendrils. Most of the finds from Hostivice, Klecany II, Praha-Lumbe Garden were produced in Prague during the 2nd half of the 10th century.
The degree of the tangent and secant variety to a projective surface
Authors: Cattaneo Andrea
Published: July 2019

We present a way of computing the degree of the secant (resp. tangent) variety of a smooth projective surface, under the assumption that the divisor giving the embedding in the projective space is 3-very ample. This method exploits the link between these varieties and the Hilbert scheme 0-dimensional subschemes of length 2 of the surface.
Refining Motivational Intellectualism: Plato’s Protagoras and Phaedo
Authors: Butler Travis
Published: July 2019

Refined intellectualism (RI) holds that although an agent’s actions always follow his rationally-produced choices of what is best, those choices can be influenced by non-rational motivational states. Through a contrast with the Protagoras, I argue that RI is not only clearly endorsed in the Phaedo but also central to the philosophical ethic defended in that dialogue. This result raises problems for prevailing developmentalist interpretations of Plato’s moral psychology.
A conspectus of the filamentous marine fungi of Sweden
Authors: Tibell Sanja , Tibell Leif , Pang Ka-Lai , Jones E.B. Gareth
Published: July 2019

Marine filamentous fungi have been little studied in Sweden, which is remarkable given the depth and width of mycological studies in the country since the time of Elias Fries. Seventy-four marine fungi are listed for Sweden based on historical records and recent collections, of which 16 are new records for the country. New records for the country are based on morphological identification of species mainly from marine wood, and most of them from the Swedish West Coast. In some instances, the identifications have been made by comparisons of sequences obtained from cultures with reference sequences in GenBank. Corollospora angusta, Corollospora filiformis, and Corollospora pulchella, previously known from tropical/subtropical areas, are recorded for the first time for Sweden. The arctic Havispora longyearbyensis was also found. Kalmusia longispora and Neocamarosporium calvescens were reported for the first time from marine habitats.
Preparation of hydrophilic reactive polyurethane and its application of anti-water erodibility in ecological restoration
Authors: Rong Xinshan , Zhang Lu , Zhang Xiaoying , Liang Zhishui , Wei Jing , Wang Congyan , Zhou Xiangtong , Wu Zhiren
Published: July 2019

In this work, a novel hydrophilic reactive polyurethane (HRPU) material and HRPU-based composite materials were prepared and used as chemical anti-water erodibility materials for Pisha sandstone. The compressive strength, surface hardness, penetrability and water contact angle were investigated. The results showed that the deformation rate of Pisha sandstone sprayed with HRPU/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) material was approximately 15%, significantly larger than that of other Pisha sandstone samples, while the compressive strength was significantly improved, providing a good penetrability to form a hydrophobic consolidation layer, locking the water in soil. Meanwhile, the micro-morphology of Pisha sandstone was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and the water retaining ability of HRPU/EVA material was discussed in detail. The results showed that the water content of Pisha sandstone sprayed with HRPU/EVA material could reach more than 20%, even after 16 h, which presented an excellent water retaining ability. In addition, the anti-water erodibility of Pisha sandstone with HRPU/EVA was improved to prevent soil and water loss, and provide some feasibility for growing plants. Therefore, it could provide a new material and idea to protect the Pisha sandstone area and other erosion areas.
Kapazitätsauslastung, Skaleneffizienz oder technischer Fortschritt?
Authors: Jopp Tobias A.
Published: July 2019

Capacity utilization, scale efficiency or technical change? Which factors determined total factor productivity of the large corporations in Ruhr coal mining in the interwar period (1919–1938)?

Business and economic historians in Germany still face quite substantial informational gaps when it comes to assessing firms’ historical performance. While the use of indicators derived from external accounting or the capital market is common, indicators relating more closely to the sphere of production are often neglected, not the least because of data insufficiencies or the effort involved in collecting suitable data. For 15 mining corporations that can be associated with the 100 largest corporations in Germany as of 1938 according to Fiedler (1999), this article documents and interprets estimates of firm-specific total factor productivity and its components for the interwar period.
Das Verbot der deutschen Luftfahrtindustrie und die Erfindung ihrer Geschichte, 1945 bis 1953
Authors: Budrass Lutz
Published: July 2019

The ban on German aviation and the creation/fabrication of its history The article traces the origins of two central features of the historiography of the German aircraft industry: while its contribution to technical progress by the end of World War II tends to be grossly exaggerated – particularly in the case of the so-called Wunderwaffen, the jet fighters of Messerschmitt and Heinkel – its industrial basis und its role in the German war economy are played down to an impression that, until 1945, the industry consisted of tiny workshops of mere handicraft character. It is shown that this narrative was carefully constructed between 1945 and 1953, highlighted by memoirs of former military leaders of the Luftwaffe like Adolf Galland and Werner Baumbach, but predominantely through the memoirs of Ernst Heinkel, the leading industrialist during the Nazi period. These memioirs appeared at a time when it seemed unlikely – due to a total ban on German aviation under the Allied occupation – that a German aircraft industry would ever rise again. By exaggerating the German technological lead in 1945 they eased the idea that the industry was outdated when the chances grew for its return to the international market in 1953. Meanwhile, the outright denial of the size and importance of the industry during the war indirectly provided a chance to gloss over the participation of the industrialists in the Nazi crimes, highlighted by the use of concentration camp inmates and slave labourers who formed the bulk of the workforce in the production of the Wunderwaffen.
O conceito de racismo institucional no âmbito da formação acadêmico-profissional do serviço social
Authors: Alves Leonardo Dias
Published: July 2019

O objetivo desse trabalho é situar a necessidade da apropriação do conceito de racismo institucional no âmbito da formação acadêmico-profissional do Serviço Social. Partimos do processo de formação sócio-histórica brasileira, tendo o período escravista mercantil como um marco histórico essencial para pensar os arranjos das classes trabalhadoras brasileiras em relação à população negra. Apontam-se brevemente os desafios e avanços do Serviço Social na luta antirracista. Demonstrando introdutoriamente as possibilidades de enfrentamento ao racismo institucional na formação acadêmico-profissional. Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to situate the need for the appropriation of the concept of institutional racism within the scope of the academic-professional formation of Social Work. For that, the materialist-historical method was used. We start from the historical rescue of the process of Brazilian socio-historical formation, with the mercantile slave-holding period as an essential historical framework for thinking about the arrangements of the Brazilian working classes in relation to the black population. The challenges and advances of Social Service in the anti-racist struggle are briefly mentioned. Demonstrating the possibilities of facing institutional racism in the academic-professional formation.
À procura do “sujeito racista”: a segregação da população cigana como caso paradigmático
Authors: Araújo Marta
Published: July 2019

Este artigo procura delinear diversas noções de racismo, desde o entendimento eurocêntrico proposto pela chamada tradição UNESCO no início da década de 1950 até às críticas de intelectuais como Césaire e Carmichael/Turé e Hamilton nos anos 1960, e as reverberações destes debates no contexto europeu dos finais dos anos 1990, designadamente com a publicação do relatório Macpherson no contexto britânico. A partir desta discussão, é analisado um caso de estudo paradigmático da perpetuação do racismo em contextos democráticos – relacionado com a segregação da população cigana – revelador da sua legitimação através do funcionamento normal das instituições. Ancorando a reflexão no material empírico apresentado, o artigo dispensa a figura do “sujeito racista” e procura evidenciar os limites de uma abordagem liberal, positivista e eurocêntrica ao racismo – designadamente, a noção de racismo como preconceito do indivíduo acompanhado de ação discriminatória, requerendo a determinação de intenção, e que evade tanto a sua historicidade, como as suas expressões rotineiras nos contextos democráticos ocidentais contemporâneos. Abstract: This article attempts to outline different conceptions of racism, from the Eurocentric understanding proposed by the so-called UNESCO tradition in the early 1950s to the critique by intellectuals such as Césaire and Carmichael/Turé and Hamilton in the 1960s, and the reverberations of these debates in the European context of the 1990s, in particular with the publication of the Macpherson report in the British context. Following this discussion, I analyze a case paradigmatic of the perpetuation of racism in democratic contexts – related to the segregation of the Roma population – revealing its legitimization through the normal functioning of institutions. By anchoring this reflection in the empirical material presented, the article dispenses with the "racist subject" and seeks to highlight the limits of a liberal, positivist and Eurocentric approach to racism - namely, the conception of racism as individual prejudice and discriminatory action, requiring the determination of intent, which evades both its historicity and its everyday expressions in contemporary Western, democratic contexts.
TERATOGÊNESE GENITURINÁRIA EM GATO MAINE COON
Authors: Pereira Marcy Lancia , Friol Jéssica , Primo Denise Dias , Fernandes Cyntia
Published: July 2019

A ocorrência de ureteres ectópicos é pouco frequente e mais observada em cadelas, que apresentam incontinência urinária desde filhotes. Gatos são raramente afetados por essas duas anormalidades de desenvolvimento. Este relato visa apresentar o caso de um gato macho Maine Coon, de um ano e quatro meses, com diagnóstico de ureteres ectópicos bilaterais, hidronefrose unilateral, além de criptorquidismo unilateral. O paciente foi encaminhado devido à queixa de apatia e hiporexia após orquiectomia unilateral realizada alguns dias antes e não apresentava incontinência urinária. O ureter ectópico e a hidronefrose direitos e testículo ectópico esquerdo foram observados por meio de ultrassonografia, enquanto a ectopia do ureter esquerdo foi observada no período transcirúrgico. Optou-se por fazer nefroureterectomia total direita e orquiectomia esquerda naquele momento, além de debridamento de ferida cirúrgica devido a inúmeros abscessos subcutâneos provenientes da primeira cirurgia realizada. Entretanto, 10 horas pós-cirurgia o paciente teve hipotensão e, mesmo após restabelecimento da pressão arterial, veio a óbito. A tutora não autorizou a realização da necropsia para que se pudesse investigar a causa definitiva da morte.
DIGESTIBLE LYSINE LEVELS FOR GROWER PHASE BROWN EGG LAYERS
Authors: De Sá da Costa Leite Paulo Ricardo , Mogyca Leandro Nadja Susana , Stringhini José Henrique , De Carvalho Mello Heloisa Helena , Barcellos Café Marcos , Miranda de Oliveira Eduardo , Rodrigues Pereira Marcela Luzia
Published: July 2019

The objective was to determine the level of digestible lysine in the grower diet of brown egg layers at two weight categories, and assess the residual effect of the grower diet on the laying phase. A total of 400 13-week-old brown egg layers were used, in a randomized blocks design with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (two weight categories x four digestible lysine levels: 5.29, 6.29, 7.29 and 8.29 g/kg), with five replications and 10 birds per experimental unit. A metabolism assay was carried out during the 17th week of age. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and weight gain were evaluated between 23 and 35 weeks; and egg quality was assessed during three 28-day periods. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and polynomial regression. No link was found between layer weight categories and lysine levels in grower diet for all studied variables. Nitrogen balance increased as digestible lysine was added to diets. There was no effect of digestible lysine on weight gain and precocity of production. Birds in the standard weight category were more precocious and had higher egg production and weight during the laying phase. Digestible lysine levels in diet did not influence performance and egg quality during the laying phase. A level of 5.2 g/kg of digestible lysine is recommended in grower diet (13 to 20 weeks of age) for brown egg layers, which corresponds to an intake of 550 mg/bird/day.
DIAGNÓSTICO DE ESTENOSE ESOFÁGICA PARCIAL EM UM CÃO
Authors: Ramos Mayara Cristtine , Novo Tatiane Tavares Schimitt , Cavalcanti Eduarda Aléxia Nunes Louzada Dias , Boanova Heloisa Do Amaral , Cavalcanti Guilherme Albuquerque de Oliveira
Published: July 2019

O megaesôfago é definido por uma dilatação do esôfago. Essa afecção pode ser classificada em congênita, idiopática, adquirida ou secundária. O megaesôfago secundário à estenose é caracterizado pela obstrução parcial ou total do esôfago, impedindo a passagem do conteúdo alimentar até o estômago, provocando regurgitação e perda de peso no animal. Foi atendida uma cadela com seis anos de idade, sem raça definida, com histórico de regurgitação. No exame físico não foram constatadas alterações. O animal foi submetido a exame de endoscopia e exames radiográficos simples e contrastado. No exame de endoscopia foi visualizada constrição irregular do lúmen. Na radiografia simples não foram observadas alterações, porém na radiografia contrastada com alimento observou-se estenose parcial e megaesôfago. Com base nos achados imaginológicos, o animal foi diagnosticado com megaesôfago secundário à estenose esofágica parcial e procedeu-se tratamento clínico de manejo alimentar.
To Anticoagulate or Not? That Is the Question. Management of High-Risk Patients with Mechanical Mitral and Double Valves: A Case Series
Authors: Joseph Mark
Published: July 2019

The Achilles heel of mechanical valves appears to be the need for anticoagulation. Several different types of mechanical valves have come and gone. The success or lack thereof of these valves depended on their various designs. We compared the two most promising mechanical valves of different eras and the need for anticoagulation through a case review. Both the Medtronic-Hall tilting disc valve and the bileaflet On-X valve were compared and contrasted in terms of durability and management of anticoagulation in high-risk patient populations. We present two cases of challenging anticoagulation management: a patient who underwent a mitral valve replacement with a Medtronic-Hall tilting disc valve who was off anticoagulation for close to six years, and a patient who underwent On-X mitral and aortic valve replacements and suffered a subsequent intracranial bleed requiring surgical intervention. We explore the ethical dilemmas associated with these patients and the risk of restarting anticoagulation for each.
Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Collaborative Cross (CC) Mice Recapitulates Individual Cardiotoxicity in Humans
Authors: Zeiss Caroline J , Gatti Daniel M , Toro-Salazar Olga , Davis Crystal , Lutz Cathleen M , Spinale Francis , Stearns Timothy , Furtado Milena B , Churchill Gary A
Published: July 2019

Anthracyclines cause progressive cardiotoxicity whose ultimate severity is individual to the patient. Genetic determinants contributing to this variation are difficult to study using current mouse models. Our objective was to determine whether a spectrum of anthracycline induced cardiac disease can be elicited across 10 Collaborative Cross mouse strains given the same dose of doxorubicin. Mice from ten distinct strains were given 5 mg/kg of doxorubicin intravenously once weekly for 5 weeks (total 25 mg/kg). Mice were killed at acute or chronic timepoints. Body weight was assessed weekly, followed by terminal complete blood count, pathology and a panel of biomarkers. Linear models were fit to assess effects of treatment, sex, and sex-by-treatment interactions for each timepoint. Impaired growth and cardiac pathology occurred across all strains. Severity of these varied by strain and sex, with greater severity in males. Cardiac troponin I and myosin light chain 3 demonstrated strain- and sex-specific elevations in the acute phase with subsequent decline despite ongoing progression of cardiac disease. Acute phase cardiac troponin I levels predicted the ultimate severity of cardiac pathology poorly, whereas myosin light chain 3 levels predicted the extent of chronic cardiac injury in males. Strain- and sex-dependent renal toxicity was evident. Regenerative anemia manifested during the acute period. We confirm that variable susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity observed in humans can be modeled in a panel of CC strains. In addition, we identified a potential predictive biomarker in males. CC strains provide reproducible models to explore mechanisms contributing to individual susceptibility in humans.
Género y recursos naturales en Siberia, Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Mayra
Published: July 2019

Se da cuenta del estudio en que se identificó la percepción que tienen los hombres y las mujeres de la comunidad de Siberia -en el sur de Costa Rica- de los roles masculinos y femeninos en relación con  los  recursos  naturales.  Se  trabajó  con  una  muestra  de  53 personas   considerando   niños(as),   adolescentes,   adultos/as   y adultos/as mayores. Los principales hallazgos giraron en torno al hecho de que las percepciones de los/as sujetos/as son similares, independientemente  de  su  género  y  su  edad.  Mayormente,  la interpretación  que  los/as  participantes  hacen  de  la  variable  en estudio  es  que  los  hombres  tienen  un  rol  frente  a  los  recursos naturales bastante más activo que el de las mujeres; a ellos se les considera   en   mayor   contacto   con   los   recursos,   mucho   más responsables de su deterioro, un poco más obligados a cuidarlos y casi completamente a cargo de pensar y desarrollar nuevas formas de uso que se caractericen por ser amigables.
Abundancia y riqueza de peces en la isla San Lucas
Authors: Pomareda Esther , Zanella Ileana
Published: July 2019

No disponible
Riqueza y abundancia de aves en isla San Lucas
Authors: Barrantes Luz Denia , Rangel Óscar
Published: July 2019

No disponible
Riqueza y abundancia relativa de murciélagos en isla San Lucas
Authors: Gálvez Roberto , Carvajal José Pablo
Published: July 2019

No disponible
Hearing Loss With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Foulon Ina , De Brucker Yannick , Buyl Ronald , Lichtert Elke , Verbruggen Katia , Piérard Denis , Camfferman Fleur Anne , Gucciardo Léonardo , Gordts Frans
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE:

In this study, we determined the prevalence of hearing loss in 157 children with proven congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection. We looked at possible risk determinants for developing hearing loss and proposed recommendations for screening and follow-up in the newborn.

METHODS:

In a prospective 22-year study, 157 children with proven cCMV infection were evaluated for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The development of SNHL was correlated with the type of maternal infection (primary versus nonprimary), the gestational age of maternal primary infection, imaging findings at birth, and the presence of symptomatic or asymptomatic infection in the newborn.

RESULTS:

Of all children, 12.7% had SNHL, and 5.7% needed hearing amplification because of SNHL. Improvement, progression, and fluctuations of hearing thresholds were seen in 45%, 53.8%, and 5.7% of the children, respectively. Hearing loss was more common in the case of a symptomatic infection at birth (P = .017), after a maternal primary infection in the first trimester of pregnancy (P = .029), and in the presence of abnormalities on a neonatal brain ultrasound and/or MRI (P < .001).

CONCLUSION

SNHL is a common sequela in children with cCMV infection. Risk factors for SNHL were primary maternal infections before the 14th week of pregnancy, the presence of a disseminated infection at birth, and imaging abnormalities in the newborn. These children may benefit from a more thorough investigation for SNHL than children who do not present with those risk factors.
When Adolescent and Parents Disagree on Medical Plan, Who Gets to Decide?
Authors: Hopkins Kali A. , Ott Mary A. , Salih Zeynep , Bosslet Gabriel T. , Lantos John
Published: July 2019

An adolescent with DMD wants a life-extending tracheostomy, whereas his parents do not want this for him.
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM AS THE INFLUENCING FACTOR ON THE STUDY PROCESS (using the material in English and Spanish)
Authors: Dyadya Valentina
Published: July 2019

The object of the research in this article is the features of teaching English and Spanish. The subject of the research is the influence of these features on the process of learning these languages. The considerable attention is paid to the problem of teaching foreign languages that are different from English and the demand for Spanish in the educational services market. The didactic features and difficulties of teaching pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the languages as well as the main impact factors of the system of language on the teacher’s activities are described in detail. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the systems of learning English and Spanish, the effect of these features on the organization of the educational process and on the actual process of learning these languages in its various aspects. The research method in this article is a contrastive-comparative analysis of the phonetics, vocabulary and grammar of English and Spanish languages as well as the analysis of their own experience in teaching these languages and the difficulties arisen in this process. The result of the study. This study has revealed the influence of the linguistic characteristics of foreign languages on the didactic features of their study and teaching. The practical importance is seen directly in applying the results in the educational process, namely in its organization, the choice of methods of teaching English and Spanish. The main author’s conclusions are as follows: 1) the issue of teaching and learning foreign languages other than English is not sufficiently covered in the methodology as English is taught mostly; 2) considering that the number of people who speak English is growing, there is a demand for other international languages, in particular, Spanish; 3) English and Spanish have common features, but significantly more differences in phonetics, vocabulary and grammar; 4) such differences affect not only the course of a particular lesson, but the organization of the course of study as a whole.
SEMANTIC SYNONYMY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGICAL VOCABULARY
Authors: Kucherenko Helena
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research is to analyze the semantic features of terminological nominations in Ukrainian architectural terminology. Object of research is Ukrainian terminological vocabulary of architecture. Subject of research is the semantic differences between the terminological lexemes of the architectural field of activity. Material of research is vocabulary articles of explanatory and terminological dictionaries, dictionaries of synonyms. The paper applies descriptive, comparative and structural methods. Practical value – codification of modern Ukrainian terminology of architecture. Results of research: 1) certain semantic differences of the studied architectural lexemes that function in this system of terms are highlighted; 2) at each historical stage of development of the terminological system of architecture it is important to single out new characteristic changes in the semantics of terms and in the structure of terminological nominations that organize it; 3) terminological dictionaries on architecture, published in different historical periods, differently reflect the innovative changes in the architectural fund; 4) dictionaries of synonyms do not always give the necessary explanations with the designation of the semantic features in the frame of a specific terminological unit; 5) expansion of the conceptual field of the terms in architecture occurs constantly, which indicates stable active processes within it; 6) architectural terminological nominations require codification in dictionaries, reference books, state standardized documents.