bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocean carbon cycling during the past 130,000 years – a pilot study on inverse paleoclimate record modelling
Authors: Heinze Christoph , Hoogakker Babette , Winguth Arne
Published: April 2016

Abstract. What role did changes in marine carbon cycle processes and calcareous organisms play for glacial-interglacial variation in atmospheric pCO2? In order to answer this question, we explore results from an ocean biogeochemical ocean general circulation model. We make an attempt to systematically reconcile model results with time dependent sediment core data from the observations. For this purpose, simulated sensitivities of oceanic tracer concentrations to changes in governing carbon cycle parameters are fitted to measured sediment core data.We assume that the time variation of the governing carbon cycle parameters follows the general pattern of the glacial-interglacial deuterium anomaly. Our analysis provides an independent estimate of a maximum mean sea surface temperature drawdown of about 5 °C and a maximum outgassing of the land biosphere by about 430 PgC at the last glacial maximum as compared to preindustrial times. The overall fit of modelled paleoclimate tracers to observations, however, remains quite weak indicating the potential of more detailed modelling studies for full exploitation of the information as stored in the paleo-climatic archive. It can be confirmed, however, that a decline in ocean temperature and a more efficient biological carbon pump in combination with changes in ocean circulation are the key factors for explaining the glacial CO2 drawdown. The analysis suggests that potential changes in the export rain ratio POC:CaCO3 may not have a substantial imprint on the paleo-climatic archive. The use of the last glacial as an inverted analogue to potential ocean acidification impacts thus may be quite limited. A potential strong decrease in CaCO3 export production could contribute to the glacial CO2 decline in the atmosphere but remains hypothetical.
A hybrid model to simulate the annual runoff of the Kaidu River in northwest China
Authors: Xu Jianhua , Chen Yaning , Bai Ling , Xu Yiwen
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Fluctuant and complicated hydrological processes can result in the uncertainty of runoff forecasting. Thus, it is necessary to apply the multi-method integrated modeling approaches to simulate runoff. Integrating the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), the back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN) and the nonlinear regression equation, we put forward a hybrid model to simulate the annual runoff (AR) of the Kaidu River in northwest China. We also validate the simulated effects by using the coefficient of determination (R2) and the Akaike information criterion (AIC) based on the observed data from 1960 to 2012 at the Dashankou hydrological station. The average absolute and relative errors show the high simulation accuracy of the hybrid model. R2 and AIC both illustrate that the hybrid model has a much better performance than the single BPANN. The hybrid model and integrated approach elicited by this study can be applied to simulate the annual runoff of similar rivers in northwest China.
Rangeland degradation assessment: a new strategy based on the ecological knowledge of indigenous pastoralists
Authors: Behmanesh Bahareh , Barani Hossein , Sarvestani Ahmad Abedi , Shahraki Mohammad Reza , Sharafatmandrad Mohsen
Published: April 2016

Abstract. In a changing world, the prevalence of land degradation is becoming a serious problem, especially in countries with arid and semi-arid rangelands. There are many techniques to assess rangeland degradation that rely on scientific knowledge but ignore indigenous people. Indigenous people have accumulated precious knowledge about land management through generations of experience. Therefore, a study was conducted to find out how indigenous people assess rangeland degradation and how their ecological knowledge can be used for rangeland degradation assessment. Interviews were conducted with the pastoralists of two sites (Dasht and Mirza Baylu), where part of both areas is located in Golestan National Park (north-eastern Iran). A structured questionnaire was designed based on 17 indicators taken from literature and also primary discussions with pastoralists in order to evaluate land degradation. A qualitative Likert five-point scale was used for scoring rangeland degradation indicators. The results revealed that pastoralists pay more attention to edaphic indicators than to vegetative and other indicators. There were significant differences between the inside and outside of the park in terms of rangeland degradation indicators for both sites. The results show that the rangelands outside of the park in both sites were degraded compared to those inside of the park, especially in the areas close to villages. It can be concluded that pastoralists have a wealth of knowledge about the vegetation and grazing animal habits that can be used in rangeland degradation assessment. It is therefore necessary to document their ecological indigenous knowledge and involve them in the process of rangeland-degradation assessment.
Impacts of snow and organic soils parameterization on northern Eurasian soil temperature profiles simulated by the ISBA land surface model
Authors: Decharme Bertrand , Brun Eric , Boone Aaron , Delire Christine , Le Moigne Patrick , Morin Samuel
Published: April 2016

Abstract. In this study we analyzed how an improved representation of snowpack processes and soil properties in the multilayer snow and soil schemes of the Interaction Soil-Biosphere-Atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model impacts the simulation of soil temperature profiles over northern Eurasian regions. For this purpose, we refine ISBA's snow layering algorithm and propose a parameterization of snow albedo and snow compaction/densification adapted from the detailed Crocus snowpack model. We also include a dependency on soil organic carbon content for ISBA's hydraulic and thermal soil properties. First, changes in the snowpack parameterization are evaluated against snow depth, snow water equivalent, surface albedo, and soil temperature at a 10 cm depth observed at the Col de Porte field site in the French Alps. Next, the new model version including all of the changes is used over northern Eurasia to evaluate the model's ability to simulate the snow depth, the soil temperature profile, and the permafrost characteristics. The results confirm that an adequate simulation of snow layering and snow compaction/densification significantly impacts the snowpack characteristics and the soil temperature profile during winter, while the impact of the more accurate snow albedo computation is dominant during the spring. In summer, the accounting for the effect of soil organic carbon on hydraulic and thermal soil properties improves the simulation of the soil temperature profile. Finally, the results confirm that this last process strongly influences the simulation of the permafrost active layer thickness and its spatial distribution.
EFICÁCIA DE IVERMECTINA POUR ON E EM ASSOCIAÇÃO COM ALBENDAZOL E LEVAMISOL PER OS NO CONTROLE DE NEMATÓIDES GASTROINTESTINAIS EM OVINOS
Authors: Dias Anderson Silva , Barros Celcino Júnior Martins , Pinto Camila Alves , Silva Gislaine Almeida , Cezana Thaysa Beluccio , Conceição Lucineide Vicentim
Published: April 2016

A criação de ovinos no Brasil tem apresentado crescimento significativo nas atividades pecuárias. Um dos principais entraves na ovinocultura trata-se do controle dos nematoides gastrintestinais na criação desses animais. Atualmente, o fenômeno de resistência anti-helmíntica tem se apresentado comum mundialmente entre populações de nematoides de ovinos. Esse fato se deve muitas vezes ao controle desses agentes baseado praticamente no uso desses anti-helmínticos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar a eficácia de duas formulações antihelmínticas administrada em ovinos em uma propriedade localizada no sul do Espírito Santo. O ensaio consistiu em tratar um grupo de ovinos com ivermectina associada a albendazol e levamisol via oral, um segundo grupo de animais, administrar ivermectina via tópica e, outro grupo, o controle. Foi verificado após uma semana, após realizar exame de flutuação das amostras de fezes dos animais que os dois tratamentos foram eficazes no controle dos nematoides nos animais (P<0,05) comparados ao grupo controle. As formulações aplicadas apresentaram alto poder residual. O número de ovos por gramas de fezes nos animais nos grupos tratados abaixaram substancialmente após o tratamento. Foi observado que não houve alteração na frequência de gêneros de nematoides presentes nos animais. As formulações apresentaram-se eficazes para nematoides em ovinos.
DESEMPENHO E CARCATRÍSTICAS DE CARCAÇA DE CORDEIOS ALIMENTADOS COM SILAGEM DE BAGAÇO DE LARANJA
Authors: Dos Santos Ana Caroline Pinho , Dias Ferreira Ângela Cristina , Valença Roberta De Lima , Dantas da Silva Barbara Cristina , Lima José Uellington Do Nascimento , Dos Santos Lidiane Farias
Published: April 2016

Avaliou-se a substituição do milho pela silagem de bagaço de laranja (SBL) no desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros da raça Santa Inês. Vinte cordeiros não castrados, com média de PVI de 24,56 kg e aproximadamente cinco meses de idade, foram confinados até que atingissem 33 kg, alimentados com dietas contendo níveis crescentes de SBL em substituição ao milho (0, 33, 66 e 100% MS). A ingestão de matéria seca (IMS g/d) foi influenciada (P<0,05) pela substituição do milho pela SBL, os níveis de 66% e 100% apresentaram médias semelhantes, o nível de 33% foi semelhante ao nível 0% e aos demais níveis. Houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) para o PVF em relação aos níveis de substituição, o nível com 100% diferiu (30,12 kg) do nível sem a SBL, sendo semelhantes aos níveis de 33% e 66% de substituição. O peso vivo ao abate foi influenciado (P<0,05) pela dieta, o nível com 100% (28,90 kg) diferiu dos demais níveis. O peso de carcaça quente e fria foram influenciados (P<0,05) pela dieta, o nível com 100% apresentou menor peso diferindo dos demais níveis. Houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) para o peso da paleta, costela e lombo. A silagem de bagaço de laranja pode substituir o milho na porcentagem de até 66% nas dietas de cordeiros, sem afetar as características de carcaça.
CINÉTICA DE INFECÇÃO DO VÍRUS VACCINIA EM CÉLULAS VERO: PERSPECTIVAS PARA UTILIZAÇÃO COMO MODELO EXPERIMENTAL NA AVALIAÇÃO DE DROGAS ANTI-ORTHOPOXVÍRUS
Authors: Junior Inarei Jose Paulini
Published: April 2016

O vírus Vaccínia (VACV) é responsável por causar doença exantemática e vesicular em bovinos e também em seres humanos. As infecções causadas por estes vírus vêm sendo frequentemente relatadas nos últimos 10 anos no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi monitorar os intervalos de replicação e montagem do VACV-WR (Western Reserve) em células Vero, com a finalidade de expor os principais meios de bloqueio do ciclo replicativo que podem ser utilizados por drogas antivirais. Células Vero foram infectadas com m.o.i de 0,1 da cepa VACV-WR. Posteriormente, as células foram fixadas em intervalos de tempo de 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 e 48 horas pós – infecção, e processadas para microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A multiplicação de VACV-WR em monocamada de células Vero produziu efeito citopático (fusão de membranas, sincícios e vacúolos) em aproximadamente 90% das células. Análises das micrografias eletrônicas permitiram evidenciar detalhadamente o efeito citopático, a dinâmica dos distúrbios metabólicos 4celulares e o ciclo replicativo viral até a formação da partícula viral extracelular. Assim, este trabalho pôde mostrar possíveis alvos terapêuticos para inibição da replicação de VACV- WR e novas abordagens no uso de fármacos com ação antiviral.
ATROFIA PROGRESSIVA DE RETINA EM UM GATO SEM RAÇA DEFINIDA, TENDO COMO PRINCIPAL DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL A RETINOPATIA TÓXICA – RELATO DE CASO.
Authors: Oloveira Borges de Sampaio Manuella , Mendonça de Seabra Nathália , Montiani-Ferreira Fabiano
Published: April 2016

Atrofia progressiva de retina (APR) é o termo utilizado para generalizar uma variedade de condições hereditárias que causam distrofia ou degeneração retiniana em animais. Em gatos, doenças oculares hereditárias, tais como a APR, são incomuns quando comparadas às suas frequências em cães. O caso a ser relatado é de uma gata sem raça definida, 11 anos, que apresentou sinais clínicos muito semelhantes aos de Atrofia Progressiva de Retina. A paciente apresentava, também, histórico pregresso de tratamento intenso com antibioticoterapia no seu primeiro ano de vida. A Retinopatia Tóxica induzida pelo uso indiscriminado de enrofloxacina em gatos é um dos diagnósticos diferenciais de APR. O caso relatado se torna atípico por se tratar de uma gata sem raça definida, já que a Atrofia Progressiva de Retina é uma doença que, quando acomete gatos, fato este mais raro que em cães, geralmente acomete a raça Abssínio, Somali, Siamês e Persa. Apesar de o histórico da paciente não condizer com as características de uma retinopatia tóxica, não há como excluir completamente essa possibilidade, por mais que a droga tenha sido administrada há 10 anos, pois nos estágios finais da APR as alterações retinianas são semelhantes às de intoxicação por enrofloxacina. Para a confirmação definitiva do diagnóstico, seria necessário realizar um teste genético para a identificação do alelo responsável pela doença.
Pagode e perigo: rediscutindo contendas de gênero na Bahia
Authors: Lopes Maycon
Published: April 2016

Este artigo é fruto do esforço de apresentar uma crítica sistemática à Lei Anti-baixaria, aprovada pela Assembleia Legislativa do Estado da Bahia em 2012. Para isso, primeiramente contextualizo o cenário, enredado pelo pagode, em que fora travada uma disputa político-ideológica acerca da representação da mulher. Em seguida, examino de modo mais ou menos minucioso alguns dos pressupostos que fundamentaram a Lei Anti-baixaria, observando a relação destes com aqueles que embasaram o movimento anti-pornografia, iniciado nos anos 70. Já na última parte do texto, realizo uma breve ponderação acerca de estudos que têm sido realizados sobre o pagode baiano e as relações de gênero nele tecidas, apontando suas principais limitações.
Das ruas para os Jogos Olímpicos? Dinâmicas em torno da prática do skate
Authors: Bacic Olic Mauricio
Published: April 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a polêmica em torno da intenção do Comitê Olímpico Internacional (COI) em incluir o skate como uma modalidade olímpica. Para isso o texto irá realizar dois movimentos diferenciados; na primeira parte será feita uma descrição de como o skate surgiu e se desenvolveu como uma prática corporal singular que estabelece uma nova relação com a cidade e seus agentes para além do campo esportivo. Neste sentido ele se apresenta também como uma prática alternativa aos esportes tradicionais que tem atraído a atenção de um universo cada vez mais amplo de pessoas, e com isso trazendo visibilidade e novas possibilidades de diálogo do skate com os mais diversos campos sociais (mercado, mídia, políticas públicas, educação, arte). Na segunda parte a discussão volta-se para as diferentes perspectivas em torno da possível participação do skate nos Jogos Olímpicos como resultado de um processo de maior “esportificação” de sua prática.
COMPOSIÇÃO NUTRICIONAL E CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DO LEITE DE AMAPÁ DOCE (BROSIMUM PARINARIOIDES DUCKE)
Authors: PALHETA ROSANA ANTUNES , FILHO RAIMUNDO FELIPE DA CRUZ , CARNEIRO ANA LUCIA BASÍLIO , TEIXEIRA MARIA FRANCISCA SIMAS
Published: April 2016

Brosimum parinarioides, membro da família Moraceae, espécievegetal nativa da região norte conhecida como “amapazeiro” éfonte de látex, produto tradicionalmente consumido como alimentoe usado na medicina popular por comunidades para o tratamentode patologia pulmonar e como tonifi cante. Embora o látexdesse vegetal seja consumido como alimento funcional e tenhaimportância industrial farmacêutica, existem poucos estudos a cercada avaliação das propriedades dos compostos bioativos presentesneste líquido. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composiçãonutricional e analisar a qualidade do produto por dois métodos deextração do látex visando orientar os agricultores extrativistas paraaquisição de um alimento com qualidade para consumo humano.As amostras de látex foram submetidas à análise da composiçãocentesimal, toxicidade e determinação da qualidade microbiológica.Os resultados demonstraram que o método de assepsia maisefi ciente para a qualidade microbiológica do produto foi o uso daaspersão de hipoclorito de sódio seguido de álcool no caule daárvore. O látex apresentou compostos bioativos com propriedadesantioxidante, não apresentou efeito hemolítico em sangue decarneiro e nem toxicidade frente a Artemia salina. Os resultadosde composição centesimal demonstram que este é um produtoaltamente energético, justifi cando seu uso como alimento matinalpelas populações da Amazônia.
ADVANCES IN PRESERVATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES WITH BIOACTIVE COATINGS
Authors: ROJAS ROMEO , VICENTE ANTONIO A. , AGUILAR CRISTÓBAL N.
Published: April 2016

Bioactive compounds are a large group of compounds (antimicrobials,antioxidants, nutrients, etc.), but its use in edible fi lms and coatingsfor application on fruits and vegetables has been very importantbecause nowadays the consumers demand fruits and vegetablesthat are fresh, healthy, high quality and easy to prepare. A numberof investigations have shown that the use of additives in edible fi lmsand coatings improve its functionability and provide compounds forhuman health. However, it is necessary to continue research that cangenerate specifi c or tailor-made edible fi lms and coatings for eachproduct with the best characteristics for preservation. In this reviewwe present and analyze the concepts, progress and perspectivesin the design and application of edible fi lms and coatings for fruitsand vegetables in order to defi ne the challenges and opportunitiesthat this topic of study in the fi eld of science, technology and foodengineering.
Sobre o Começo Triádico da Lógica Hegeliana: O Ser, O Nada, O Devir
Authors: Nicolau Marcos Fábio Alexandre
Published: April 2016

A recusa hegeliana a todo Absoluto intuído ou posto irrefletidamente exigiu a elaboração de um sistema filosófico inteligível e discursivo do princípio ao fim. A ideia daí decorrente é que a possibilidade de inteligibilidade deste Absoluto é correlata à possibilidade de sua exposição. Ou seja, a necessidade a ele inerente, que precisa produzir seus próprios conteúdos, exteriorizando-se e ao mesmo tempo reconhecendo sua identidade consigo mesmo, provando a necessidade do começo na efetivação de um sistema da ciência que tem por base um projeto de uma ciência da lógica fundadora da própria ciência em si mesma. Assim, o desenvolver de um princípio primeiro-último especulativo, na filosofia hegeliana, marca o papel inequívoco de mediador, no sentido de liberar o sistema de métodos e propostas exteriores e contingentes que ainda o condicionam. O resultado disso é que, na Ciência da Lógica, a pressuposição de um começo imediato e vazio do sistema científico-filosófico das categorias do Absoluto, e o discurso metodológico pelo qual ele se expõe, precisam ser descritos e explicados, devido justamente ao caráter incondicional do pensamento puro, no qual se estrutura tais bases para o dito sistema.
Nota do Editor
Authors: Da Silva Manuel Moreira
Published: April 2016

Nota do Editor
Hegel e a Dialética como Movimento Necessário no Interior da Arte
Authors: Dos Santos Paula Regina Farias
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho tem como função fazer uma análise sobre o percurso dialético promovido pela arte no interior da estética hegeliana. Desse modo, faz-se necessário acrescentar o papel primordial da história da arte, do movimento histórico desta como manifestação cultural de um povo, na qual as diversas formas de obra de arte representam a tentativa de adequar o conteúdo espiritual à forma material. Hegel, dessa forma, entende a unidade histórica, portanto dialética, como unidade da ideia. Além do mais, o filósofo acredita que o conhecimento que o espírito possui de si mesmo só é possível a partir da sua efetividade entendida como verdade. A análise tem como principal recurso Os cursos de Estética, nos quais Hegel expõe de maneira minuciosa a trajetória do espírito, desde o mundo prosaico até sua elevação e representação através do conteúdo artístico.
O poder local e o coronelismo no Paraná
Authors: Goulart Monica Helena Harrich Silva
Published: April 2016

O presente artigo se propõe a analisar o fenômeno do coronelismo no estado do Paraná entre os anos de 1880 a 1930. Percebeu-se que o coronelismo paranaense ocorreu segundo a perspectiva de Vitor Nunes Leal, que o considera a partir da relação sistêmica de troca de favores entre os representantes do poder privado, os chamados coronéis (enfraquecidos), e o poder público, os governadores estaduais (cada vez mais fortalecidos). Para o coronel, a garantia de sua posição se dava pelo controle dos votos da população pobre e dependente, cuja maioria se encontrava no meio rural.  São apresentados os elementos fundamentais para o entendimento de tal fenômeno através do mapeamento de suas estruturas formais, do arranjo do poder político partidário disciplinador e das práticas ilegais no momento das eleições, além da análise das trocas de favores que envolvia tal sistema. Para desenvolvimento da pesquisa, recorreu-se ao estudo de vários aspectos do tema: primeiramente, a discussão efetivamente teórica a respeito do próprio conceito de coronelismo, bem como a pesquisa empírica por meio de diversas fontes, como jornais, constituições estaduais e atas da Assembleia[1] Legislativa do Paraná.[1] No Império chamava-se Assembleia Provincial, e na República, Congresso Legislativo.
As raízes do intervencionismo estatal e do projeto paranaense de desenvolvimento
Authors: Marcelino Marcelo Gonçalves
Published: April 2016

O presente artigo procura recuperar o processo de construção da fase desenvolvimentista brasileira e o tardio projeto paranaense em termos de planejamento econômico e social na sua fase inicial de elaboração; lembrando que o social raramente esteve presente nas prioridades das políticas públicas específicas dessa conjuntura. A denominada revolução burguesa de 1930 capitaneada por Getúlio Vargas tornar-se o marco nas transformações na base da infraestrutura econômica brasileira guiada pelo motor da industrialização a partir das políticas de Estado. No caso paranaense o projeto desenvolvimentista regional começa a ser pensado apenas no final do governo de Bento Munhoz, quando surgem os estudos do PLADEP (Comissão de Coordenação do Plano do Desenvolvimento Econômico do Estado do Paraná)  em meados dos anos de 1950. Como essas transformações ocorreram ao longo dessa trajetória e como esse projeto costurou-se em termos de articulação política e econômica no Paraná no seu início; que transita entre o arcaico e o moderno, passa a ser o desafio a ser conhecido a partir dessa abordagem.
Museu Municipal Atílio Rocco
Authors: Doarte Luciano Chinda , Carmo Vitor Magliocco do , Silva Gladisson
Published: April 2016

Museu Municipal Atílio Rocco
CARNEIRO, Cíntia Braga. O Museu Paranaense e Romário Martins: a busca de uma identidade para o Paraná. Curitiba: SAMP, 2013. 202 p.
Authors: Takatuzi Tatiana
Published: April 2016

CARNEIRO, Cíntia Braga. O Museu Paranaense e Romário Martins: a busca de uma identidade para o Paraná. Curitiba: SAMP, 2013. 202 p.
VANALI, Ana Crhistina. O Botucudo Tibagyano: análise sobre os registros etnográficos de Telêmaco Borba. Curitiba: SAMP, 2013. 194p.
Authors: Ferrari Adriane Dos Santos Tavella
Published: April 2016

VANALI, Ana Crhistina. O Botucudo Tibagyano: análise sobre os registros etnográficos de Telêmaco Borba. Curitiba: SAMP, 2013. 194p.
Condição “NEM NEM” de exclusão e trabalho decente para juventude: percepções de construtores da Agenda Curitiba de Trabalho Decente e gestores do Portal do Futuro
Authors: Barbosa Roseli Bregantin
Published: April 2016

Trabalho de mestrado sob a orientação de Maria Tarcisa da Silva Bega
“É brincando que se aprende”: um estudo do acervo das bonecas Karajá do MAE-UFPR
Authors: Ferrari Adriane Dos Santos Tavella
Published: April 2016

As crianças sempre fascinaram muitos pesquisadores nas mais diversas áreas com seu mundo à parte e suas representações. A Antropologia da criança ”olha“ para esse grupo que até então tinha muita pouca representatividade nos temas de pesquisa antropológica. Este artigo discute, a partir de um balanço da literatura disponível, a relação entre a Antropologia e a construção do papel da criança em algumas sociedades e como a criança passa a ser vista não mais como um simples “imitador”, termo utilizado por Florestan Fernandes, mas como um agente produtor de conhecimento em seu grupo. Outro ponto ressaltado é a construção de uma categoria conceitual dentro da Antropologia onde a criança é vista como agência, termo utilizado por Angela Nunes, na construção do seu espaço lúdico com brincadeiras e brinquedos e sua interação no espaço social de seu grupo. O artigo ainda apresenta parte do acervo de bonecas Karajá do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da UFPR como ilustração de que brincar não é apenas algo lúdico, mas algo que também faz a sociedade e o grupo social no qual está inserido.
O Brasil e a UNASUL: um processo de construção de liderança e integração regional, de José Ricardo Martins
Authors: Alves Alessandro Cavassin
Published: April 2016

[1] Dissertação de autoria de José Ricardo Martins, defendida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da UFPR, na linha Sociedade e Estado, em 2011, sob orientação do Prof. Dr. Ricardo Costa de Oliveira. Versão completa disponível na Biblioteca Digital da UFPR - http://www.humanas.ufpr.br/portal/pgsocio/files/2012/12/Vers%C3%A3o-Digital-da-Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o.pdf. Acesso em 19/09/2015.
Efficacy, quality of life, and safety of cabazitaxel in Canadian metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated or not with prior abiraterone
Authors: Saad Fred , Winquist Eric , Hubay Stacey , Berry Scott , Assi Hussein , Levesque Eric , Aucoin Nathalie , Czaykowski Piotr , Lattouf Jean-Baptiste , Alloul Karine , Stewart John , Sridhar Srikala S.
Published: April 2016

Introduction: In the TROPIC study, cabazitaxel improved overall survival in abiraterone-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients post-docetaxel. To evaluate cabazitaxel in routine clinical practice, an international, single-arm trial was conducted. Efficacy, safety, and quality of life (QoL) data were collected from Canadian patients enrolled. Overall survival and progression-free survival were not collected as part of this study. Importantly, prior abiraterone use was obtained and its impact on clinical parameters was examined.

Methods: Sixty-one patients from nine Canadian centres were enrolled, with prior abiraterone use known for 60 patients. Prostatespecific antigen (PSA) response rate, safety, and impact on QoL life were analyzed as a function of prior abiraterone use.

Results: Overall, 92% of patients were ECOG 0/1, 88% had bone metastases, and 25% visceral metastases. Patients treated without prior abiraterone (NoPriorAbi) (n=35, 58%) and with prior abiraterone (PriorAbi) (n=25, 42%) had similar baseline characteristics, except for age and prior cumulative docetaxel dose. Median number of cabazitaxel cycles received was similar between groups (NoPriorAbi=6, PriorAbi=7), as was PSA response rate (NoPriorAbi=36.4%, PriorAbi=45.0%, p=0.54). Almost one-third (31%) of patients received prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factors. Most frequent Grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (14.8%); anemia, febrile neutropenia, fatigue (each at 9.8%); and diarrhea (8.2%). No treatment-related adverse event leading to death was observed. QoL and pain were improved with no difference seen between groups. Treatment discontinuation was mainly due to disease progression (45.9%) and adverse events (32.8%).

Conclusions: In routine clinical practice, cabazitaxel’s risk-benefit ratio in mCRPC patients previously treated with docetaxel seems to be maintained independent of prior abiraterone use.
Determinants of Audit Opinion after the Scandals of Enron: Empirical Validation in the French Context
Authors: Lynda Soltani
Published: April 2016

This study examines the effect of regulatory changes on audit quality in the French context. The evaluation of the risks and the anomalies carried out by the auditors brings them control relating to the financial statements of the company in order to express an opinion on the effectiveness, the regularity, the sincerity and the faithful image of these documents, in a large complexity of the organizations the objective of this research consists in studying the effect of the evolutions of the regulation as regards legal audit on the estimate of the probability of having an opinion of audit with reserve which reinforces the independence of the auditor.
A list of hypothesis related to the approached problems is proposed followed by an overview of the different theoretical propositions which are in place. From a sample of French companies in the SBF 250 over the period 2002-2011, the results show that the analysis of the conditions of receiving a qualified audit opinion is determined by: the variables of the financial health of the company, the inventory receivables which indicate the complexity of the audited firm and the characteristics of the audit.
Emotional Spousal Support Can Have Unintended Organizational Outcomes
Authors: Caykoylu Sinan
Published: April 2016

 Management field studies make it clear that emotional spousal support has a positive effect on individual and organizational outcomes. However, this does not mean that all spousal supports are the same. Even when it is based on good intentions, spousal support can have unintended negative consequences. Using multiple case analyses, this research shows that spousal support efforts to protect life-partners from potential harm and to boost their self-confidence levels, if not checked, can lead to decrease in cooperation with in the work environment and ultimately affect the organization in a negative way. When vigilance and confidence levels get hyped up, they lead to distrust and a false sense of independence, both of which are critical factors that decrease the cooperation levels within the work environment. The goal of this study is to help researchers and practitioners improve the efficacy of spousal backing by highlighting that under certain circumstances spousal support can do more harm than good.
Taxonomy and morphology of four "ophrys-related" scuticociliates (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliata), with the description of a new genus, Paramesanophrys gen. nov.
Authors: Pan Xuming , Fan Xinpeng , Al-Farraj Saleh A. , Gao Shan , Chen Ying
Published: April 2016

Generally, “ophrys- related” scuticociliates belong to a specialised group of ciliated protozoa that may act as commensals or pathogens of fishes and crustaceans. In the present study, four “ophrys- taxa” scuticociliates, i.e., Paramesanophrys typica gen. et sp. nov., Mesanophrys carcini (Grolière & Léglise, 1977) Small & Lynn in Aescht, 2001, Metanophrys sinensis Song & Wilbert, 2000, and Metanophrys similis Song et al., 2002, were collected from Chinese coastal waters or mariculture ponds and investigated. Paramesanophrys gen. nov. is assigned to the family Orchitophryidae and differs from its other genera mainly by the position of the paroral membrane relative to membranelle 1–3, i.e., the membrane extends anteriorly to the posterior end of membranelle 3. The type species P. typica gen. et sp. nov., is defined by an elongated body with the posterior end depressed where the caudal cilium is located; 20 or 21 somatic kineties; double-rowed membranelle 1 with eight to ten basal bodies in each kinety; irregularly multi-rowed membranelle 2 and membranelle 3; scutica comprising c. seven or eight kinetosome pairs; a single macronuclear nodule; and marine habitat. The redescription of the three previously known species can be summarized as follows: 1) improved diagnosis is provided for Metanophrys sinensis Song & Wilbert, 2000 based on the original description and the present study; 2) some population-dependent characteristics of our new Mesanophrys carcini isolate are presented; 3) Metanophrys similis, collected from the South China Sea, resembles the original Qingdao population.
Naturalness bias in palatalization: An experimental study
Authors: Zaleska Joanna , Naranjo Matías Guzmán
Published: April 2016

In the present study, we report on an artificial language learning experiment aiming to test the idea that it is easier to learn palatalization before a front vowel than it is to learn depalatalization in the same context. The motivation for the study comes from recent work by Czaplicki (2013), who provides a detailed analysis of palatalization-related effects in Polish, showing that they have no phonological basis. The conclusion he reaches is that ‘phonological naturalness does not play a role in linguistic computation’ Czaplicki (2013:32). It is nevertheless the case that palatalization is cross-linguistically much more common than depalatalization. If naturalness plays no role in computation, the typological asymmetry must arise from elsewhere, for example, from biases in learning difficulty. Our results provide provisory evidence that there is a small but statistically significant advantage for learning palatalization over depalatalization for adult Hungarian speakers.
Novel electrodeless-dielectrophoresis device for nanoparticle trapping using three-dimensional inverted-pyramid arrays
Authors: Chiou Chi-Han , Chien Liang-Ju , Lin Jr-Lung , Kuo Ju-Nan
Published: April 2016

A novel electrodeless-dielectrophoresis (EDEP) device incorporating three-dimensional (3D) inverted-pyramid arrays is proposed for the trapping and separation of nanoparticles. The electrokinetic phenomena in the proposed device are investigated both numerically and experimentally. The results reveal that the pyramid structures induce a 3D squeezed electric field, which allows particle trapping with a lower driving voltage than that required in traditional two-dimensional (2D) EDEP devices. Overall, the proposed EDEP device provides a mass-producible solution for nanoparticle-trapping applications and overcomes the Poisson statistical limit inherent in 2D nanogap-based EDEP devices with smaller (pL) sample volumes.
Structure and stability of recombinant bovine odorant-binding protein: II. Unfolding of the monomeric forms
Authors: Stepanenko Olga V. , Roginskii Denis O. , Stepanenko Olesya V. , Kuznetsova Irina M. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Turoverov Konstantin K.
Published: April 2016

In a family of monomeric odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), bovine OBP (bOBP), that lacks conserved disulfide bond found in other OBPs, occupies unique niche because of its ability to form domain-swapped dimers. In this study, we analyzed conformational stabilities of the recombinant bOBP and its monomeric variants, the bOBP-Gly121+ mutant containing an additional glycine residue after the residue 121 of the bOBP, and the GCC-bOBP mutant obtained from the bOBP-Gly121+ form by introduction of the Trp64Cys/His155Cys double mutation to restore the canonical disulfide bond. We also analyzed the effect of the natural ligand binding on the conformational stabilities of these bOBP variants. Our data are consistent with the conclusion that the unfolding-refolding pathways of the recombinant bOBP and its mutant monomeric forms bOBP-Gly121+ and GCC-bOBP are similar and do not depend on the oligomeric status of the protein. This clearly shows that the information on the unfolding-refolding mechanism is encoded in the structure of the bOBP monomers. However, the process of the bOBP unfolding is significantly complicated by the formation of the domain-swapped dimer, and the rates of the unfolding-refolding reactions essentially depend on the conditions in which the protein is located.
Structure and stability of recombinant bovine odorant-binding protein: I. Design and analysis of monomeric mutants
Authors: Stepanenko Olga V. , Roginskii Denis O. , Stepanenko Olesya V. , Kuznetsova Irina M. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Turoverov Konstantin K.
Published: April 2016

Bovine odorant-binding protein (bOBP) differs from other lipocalins by lacking the conserved disulfide bond and for being able to form the domain-swapped dimers. To identify structural features responsible for the formation of the bOBP unique dimeric structure and to understand the role of the domain swapping on maintaining the native structure of the protein, structural properties of the recombinant wild type bOBP and its mutant that cannot dimerize via the domain swapping were analyzed. We also looked at the effect of the disulfide bond by designing a monomeric bOBPs with restored disulfide bond which is conserved in other lipocalins. Finally, to understand which features in the microenvironment of the bOBP tryptophan residues play a role in the defining peculiarities of the intrinsic fluorescence of this protein we designed and investigated single-tryptophan mutants of the monomeric bOBP. Our analysis revealed that the insertion of the glycine after the residue 121 of the bOBP prevents domain swapping and generates a stable monomeric protein bOBP-Gly121+. We also show that the restored disulfide bond in the GCC-bOBP mutant leads to the noticeable stabilization of the monomeric structure. Structural and functional analysis revealed that none of the amino acid substitutions introduced to the bOBP affected functional activity of the protein and that the ligand binding leads to the formation of a more compact and stable state of the recombinant bOBP and its mutant monomeric forms. Finally, analysis of the single-tryptophan mutants of the monomeric bOBP gave us a unique possibility to find peculiarities of the microenvironment of tryptophan residues which were not previously described.
Selection Bias in Reporting of Median Waiting Times in Organ Transplantation
Authors: Schwab Simon , Elmer Andreas , Sidler Daniel , Straumann Lisa , Stürzinger Ueli , Immer Franz
Published: September 2024

Importance

Median organ waiting times published by transplant organizations may be biased when not appropriately accounting for censoring, death, and competing events. This can lead to overly optimistic waiting times for all transplant programs and, consequently, may deceive patients on the waiting list, transplant physicians, and health care policymakers.

Objective

To apply competing-risk multistate models to calculate probabilities for transplantation and adverse outcomes on the Swiss national transplant waiting list.

Design, Setting, and Participants

The WAIT (Waitlist Analysis in Transplantation) study was a retrospective cohort study of all transplant candidates in Switzerland listed from January 1, 2018, or later and observed until December 31, 2023. Transplant candidates were listed in 1 of the 6 transplant centers (Basel, Bern, Geneva, Lausanne, St Gallen, and Zurich) for heart, liver, lungs, kidney, or pancreas and/or islet transplant. A total of 4352 candidates were listed during the study period, of whom 709 (16.3%) were excluded due to living-donor transplant (691 in the kidney program and 18 in the liver program).

Exposure

Waiting for organ transplant.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Time to transplantation, death, or delisting. Competing-risk multistate models were used to analyze time-to-event data from the national organ waiting list with the Aalen-Johansen estimator to compute probabilities for both transplant and adverse outcomes. Results were compared with the sample median among only those undergoing transplant and the Kaplan-Meier method with censoring of competing events.

Results

Data from 3643 transplant candidates (2428 [66.6%] male; median age, 56 [range, 0-79] years) were included in the analysis. The median time to transplantation (MTT) was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.83-1.07) years for heart, 3.10 (95% CI, 2.57-3.77) years for kidney, 1.32 (95% CI, 0.76-1.55) years for liver, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.37-1.12) years for lung, and 1.62 (95% CI, 0.91-2.17) years for pancreas and/or islet programs. Alternative estimation methods introduced bias to varying degrees: the sample median among only persons undergoing transplantation underestimated the waiting time by 38% to 61% and the Kaplan-Meier method by 2% to 12% compared with the MTT.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study of transplant candidates in Switzerland, the MTT, the duration at which the transplant probability is 0.50, was used as a measure of average waiting time. Suboptimal methods led to biased and overly optimistic waiting time estimations; thus, applying appropriate competing-risk methods to address censoring and competing events is crucial.
Changes in Out-of-Pocket Spending for Common Oral Cancer Medications After the Inflation Reduction Act
Authors: Pockros Benjamin , Ellimoottil Chad , Sbei Belal , Caram Megan , Stensland Kristian
Published: September 2024

This economic evaluation assesses changes to patient out-of-pocket spending for oral cancer medications before and after the Inflation Reduction Act.
2H‐Au Nanosheet‐Templated Growth of PdFe for Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhang An , Niu Wenxin , Liu Guigao , Zhou Xichen , Wang Lixin , Liu Xiaozhi , Li Lujiang , Li Zijian , Zhai Li , Yang Qi , Huang Biao , Wa Qingbo , Yun Qinbai , Cheng Hongfei , Ge Yiyao , Huang Jingtao , Hu Zhaoning , Chen Bo , Zhang Qinyong , Fan Zhanxi , Gu Lin , Zhang Hua
Published: September 2024

Pd‐based alloy nanomaterials normally crystallize in the conventional face‐centered cubic (fcc) crystal phase. Here, 2H‐Au nanosheets (NSs), possessing 2H crystal phase (2H: hexagonal close‐packed with a stacking sequence of “AB”), are used as templates for the growth of PdFe, during which the 2H‐to‐fcc phase transformation in Au NSs happens, leading to the formation of 2H/fcc Au@PdFe core–shell NSs. By changing the Pd/Fe atomic ratio, the 2H/fcc phase ratio in 2H/fcc Au@PdFe NSs can be tuned accordingly. As a proof‐of‐concept application, the as‐synthesized 2H/fcc Au@Pd0.66Fe0.34 NSs are used as an electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media, exhibiting a remarkable mass activity of 4.39 A mg−1Pd, which is 1.7, 5.4 and 12.9 times that of 2H/fcc Au@Pd0.56Fe0.44 NSs (2.57 A mg−1Pd), 2H/fcc Au@Pd0.40Fe0.60 NSs (0.81 A mg−1Pd), and Pd black (0.34 A mg−1Pd), respectively, placing it among the best of reported Pd‐based MOR electrocatalysts. This strategy, based on phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN), paves an efficient way to the rational design and controlled synthesis of noble multimetallic nanostructures with unconventional phases for exploring the phase‐dependent properties and applications.
Enhanced Targeted Repair of Vascular Injury by Apoptotic‐Cell‐Mimicking Nanovesicles Engineered with P‐Selectin Binding Peptide
Authors: Zhang Ruixin , Yan Shunshun , Li Shichun , Shi Yu , Yang Yueyue , Liu Junwu , Dong Zixuan , Wang Ting , Yue Jingxin , Cheng Quhan , Wan Ye , Zhang Su , Kang Shanshan , Kong Deling , Wang Kai , Fu Xiaoling
Published: September 2024

Modulating inflammation is crucial for repairing vascular injury. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells represents an effective mechanism for attenuating inflammation and improving regeneration during natural healing. However, strategies for repairing vascular injuries using biomaterials derived from apoptotic cells are still undeveloped. Herein, apoptotic body‐mimetic nanovesicles (ApoNVs) derived from rat adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (rASCs) are prepared using a one‐step extrusion method. ApoNVs inherit the unique anti‐inflammatory and pro‐regenerative properties of the parental apoptotic rASCs, as evidenced by enhanced M2 polarization of macrophages and promoted endothelial cell proliferation and migration following treatment with ApoNVs. Moreover, ApoNVs enhance the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells through the mediation of ApoNVs‐induced repolarized macrophages. After engineering ApoNVs with P‐selectin binding peptide (ApoNVs‐PBP), their ability to target injured artery increased nearly sevenfold compared to unmodified ApoNVs. In a rat wire‐mediated femoral artery injury model, ApoNVs‐PBP effectively suppress inflammation and significantly reduce blood flow velocity and neointimal hyperplasia at the injury site. ApoNVs exhibit similar therapeutic effects, though to a lesser extent. This study provides strong evidence validating the targeted delivery of ApoNVs as an innovative approach for repairing vascular injury and highlights their potential in treating other inflammatory diseases.
Unveiling the Role of Surface Self‐Reconstruction of Metal Chalcogenides on Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Bao Weiwei , Liu Jiangying , Ai Taotao , Han Jie , Hou Jungang , Li Wenhu , Wei Xueling , Zou Xiangyu , Deng Zhifeng , Zhang Junjun
Published: September 2024

Transition metal chalcogenides are an important class of electrocatalysts with broad application prospects in alkaline oxygen evolution reactions. Many researchers are focusing on the in situ conversion of metal cations in catalysts, but have rarely considered the contribution of oxidation, leaching, and re‐absorption of chalcogenides to the catalytic activity. Herein, multiple characterization approaches are used to monitor the evolution mechanism and origin CoTe@CoS‐electrocatalyzed oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. The research results reveal that the electro‐oxidative dissolution of Te and S on the electrode surface forms TeO32− and SO32−, which are adsorbed on the electrode surface. Moreover, TeO32− and SO32− species will further transform into TeO42− and SO42−. As expected, the extra addition of mixed tellurite and sulfate ions to the Co (OH)2 electrolyte produces a synergistic effect that can significantly boost OER activity. Selenites reveal the analogous effect, indicating that the adsorption of chalcogenates the electrode surface has a universal effect on improving OER performance. The findings of this work provide unique insights into the species conversion of catalytic materials and the mechanism of enhancing catalytic activity during OER processes.
Customizable Induction Heating Profiles: from Tailored Colloidally Stable Nanoparticles Toward Multi‐Stage Heatable Supraparticles
Authors: Luthardt Leoni , Raczka Theodor , Hurle Katrin , Müssig Stephan , Mandel Karl
Published: September 2024

Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are efficient heat mediators in induction heating. Originally explored for hyperthermia, their applications have broadened to industrial processes where temperature control is crucial. By adjusting the NP composition or morphology, magnetic characteristics such as Curie temperatures can be tailored, allowing control over maximum heating thresholds. These NPs are, however, usually designed for maximum heating rates at specific magnetic fields. In this work, the synthesis is presented for colloidally stable Co and ZnCo ferrite NPs with customizable maximum heating temperatures, and their combination within micron‐scaled supraparticles (SPs). Maximum induction heating temperatures of ZnCo ferrite NPs are tuned between 150 and 220 °C, while customization of Co ferrite species yields temperatures between 200 and 350 °C. These distinct magnetic properties are exploited in the selective multi‐stage heating of SPs consisting of both species. Here, ZnCo ferrite components heat up to a first temperature plateau at low alternating magnetic fields (AMF), while Co ferrite NPs reach higher temperatures at increased AMF. The precise control of induction heating thresholds through the adaptability of NPs offers a high degree of customizability which makes induction heating particularly attractive for applications requiring sequential or spatial heating, such as catalysis or debonding on demand.