bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Effects of Drug 2c and Derivatives on Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Maddaloni Marianna , Farra Rossella , Dapas Barbara , Felluga Fulvia , Benedetti Fabio , Berti Federico , Drioli Sara , Vidali Mattia , Cemazar Maja , Kamensek Urska , Brancolini Claudio , Murano Erminio , Maremonti Francesca , Grassi Mario , Biasin Alice , Rizzolio Flavio , Cavarzerani Enrico , Scaggiante Bruna , Bulla Roberta , Balduit Andrea , Ricci Giuseppe , Zito Gabriella , Romano Federico , Bonin Serena , Azzalini Eros , Baj Gabriele , Tierno Domenico , Grassi Gabriele
Published: April 2024

Background: The identification of novel therapeutic strategies for Ovarian cancer (OC), the most lethal gynecological neoplasm, is of utmost urgency. Here, we have tested the effectiveness of the compound 2c (4-Hydroxy-2,6-bis(4-nitrobenzylidene)cyclohexanone 2). 2c interferes with cyste-ine-dependent deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), thus affecting the ubiquitin-proteasome de-pendent degradation of proteins. Methods: 2c phenotypic/molecular effects were studied in two OC cell lines, primary tumor cells cultured in 2D/3D and in a mouse xenograft model. We also propose an in-silico model of 2c interaction with DUBs. Finally, we tested the effect of 2c conju-gated to several linkers to generate 2c-derivatives usable for improved drug delivery. Results: 2c effectively impairs OC cell line and primary tumor cell viability in both 2D and 3D conditions. The effectiveness is confirmed in a xenograft mouse model of OC. We show that 2c impairs pro-teasome activity and triggers apoptosis most likely by interacting with DUBs; we propose a mechanism for the interaction with a model DUB via an in-silico evaluation of the en-zyme-inhibitor complex. 2c also reduces cell growth by down-regulating the level of the transcrip-tion factor E2F1. Finally, 2c activity is often retained after the conjugation with linkers. Conclu-sion: Our data strongly support the potential therapeutic value of 2c/derivatives in OC.
A Comprehensive Review of Screen Plugging during Openhole Sand Control Completions Installation: Causes, Consequences, and Best Practices
Authors: Beldongar Maye , Gadiyar Bala , Jeanpert Julie , Whaley Kevin , Jackson Phil , Carpineta Gabriele , Luppina Salvatore , Farina Lisa , Giammancheri Michele
Published: April 2024

In openhole completions, screens are one of the very common equipment used to control production of solids. Screens could get plugged during installation in case of improper wellbore fluid conditioning and displacement. Awareness of screen plugging is not widely spread, and many practicing engineers do not pay enough attention to its implications. In this paper, we discuss the causes, consequences, and ways of determining plugging and recommend best practices to reduce the risk of screen plugging.

First, we review the various reasons for screens to get plugged during openhole completion installations and explain in detail undesirable events caused by screen plugging such as:

Inability to properly displace wellbore fluids Inability to fully pack the screen annulus Damage to screens during displacement and gravel packing

We also review downhole gauge data of several jobs to identify and discuss screen plugging signatures and their outcomes. Additionally, we discuss potential preventive measures.

In openhole completions, it is very common to run screens in wellbores containing solids-laden fluids intentionally or unintentionally. Poor wellbore displacement or improper fluid conditioning can result in leaving some bigger size solids in the screen-running fluid (SRF), which could plug the screens. Also, the exposure of reactive shales to water-based fluids can destabilize the shales and lead to plugging. In some cases, the SRF quality control is not properly accounting for the actual flow inside the screen while running in hole, resulting in a false pass.

We present several case histories of downhole gauge data analysis, showing evidence of screen plugging leading to excessive treating pressure, incomplete gravel pack, and, in a few cases, screen erosion during gravel pack operations. To prevent screen plugging, it is necessary to properly model all the displacement stages, pay attention to proper conditioning and quality control of the fluid, and ensure compatibility of the fluids with shales.

A comprehensive review of screen plugging during sand control installation phase and its potential consequences supported with extensive downhole gauge data has not been published previously. This paper will be a valuable source of knowledge for completion engineers and help them better design and execute future operations.
Ethno Veterinary Therapeutic Practices of Medicinal Flora in Livestock Health Care by Attappadi Tribal farmers of Kerala
Authors: A Nisha , N Vimal Rajkumar
Published: April 2024

Background- Attappadi is the largest tribal settlement area in Kerala with three tribes viz., Irulas, Mudugas and Kurumbas who are traditionally engaged in livestock activities. The present study was undertaken to document the different plants of ethnoveterinary uses and to identify the most prevailing livestock disease category among livestock farmers of Attappadi tribal area. Hence this study was designed and conducted to understand and effectively use the knowledge, and for the proper selection of important plant species for the most prevailing illness.
Towards sustainable forest management: an examination of environmental knowledge among forest dwellers in the Kashmir Himalayas
Authors: Thoker Irshad Ahmad , Bhat M. Shafi , Shah Shamim Ahmad , Lone Fayaz Ahmad , Mir Sumira , Parrey Hilal Ahmad , Akbar Mohmad
Published: April 2024

Environmental knowledge, attitude and sustainable behaviour of the people have become fundamental elements of sustainable forest management. Kashmir Himalayas is an ecologically fragile region, inhabited by various ethnic and tribal communities with low levels of education and heavy dependence on forest resource utilization. The lack of adequate environmental knowledge and appreciation of ecological values among the inhabitants has negatively affected the forest resources. The study aims to ascertain the levels of environmental knowledge and identify the factors that influence attitude and sustainable behaviour among forest dwellers. The study is based on primary data, with a sample size of 600 households, which was analyzed with the help of Weighted Average Index (WAI), and the Binary Logistic Regression Model (BLRM). The findings indicate that forest dwellers in the region exhibit low levels of environmental knowledge, along with a moderate attitude and moderate levels of sustainable behaviour. Environmental knowledge regarding emerging global environmental issues such as the role of forests in combating global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and ecological imbalance was found to be very low, primarily on account of low levels of education. In addition, the attitude towards wildlife conservation was non-congenial due to increasing man-animal conflicts in the region. The study reveals that education, age, and gender were key determinants influencing people’s environmental knowledge, attitude, and sustainable behaviour. This study validates that knowledge, sustainable behaviour, and attitude scales could be used as premier tools for monitoring sustainable forest management initiatives in similar environments across mountainous regions.
Autosomal dominant kidney disease phenocopying hypertensive nephropathy in Turkish Cypriot Families
Authors: Ozdemir Fezile , Oygar D. Deren , Behlul Ahmet , Ataç Salahi , Bardak Simge , Yükseliş Meral , Papagregoriou Gregory , Malatras Apostolos , Gale Daniel P. , Neild Guy H. , Deltas Constantinos , Gurkan Cemal
Published: April 2024

Background
In Cyprus, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is very common and often presents as a haematuric nephropathy caused by autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in the COL4A3 or COL4A4 genes. We investigated 57 Turkish Cypriots (TCs) with familial CKD for pathogenic variants in the COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes.
Methods
Probands from 53 families underwent massive parallel DNA sequencing using a glomerular gene panel for familial haematuria (COL4A3, COL4A4, COL4A5, CFHR5, and FN1), and whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed for 24 families. Twenty families were subjected to both procedures. Variants of interest were validated and tested in other family members by Sanger DNA sequencing or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis.
Results
The diagnostic yield from these families was disappointing, and likely pathogenic variants were identified in only 12 of the 57 patients (genes, including COL4A3 (3), COL4A4 (2), and COL4A5 (2)), leaving 45 unsolved families. Among the latter, a common missense variant (COL4A4:p. G545A), was present in four of the 45 unsolved and one of the solved families. Subsequently, we examined at least one member from a total of 85 families with evidence of familial kidney disease and a probable glomerular phenotype (at least one person with hematuria or proteinuria) and found 12 families (14%) with the p.G545A variant, which seemed to cosegregate with renal disease more often than would be expected by chance. All these families demonstrate an autosomal dominant (AD) inherited susceptibility to kidney disease associated with hypertension, variable and intermittent microscopic hematuria, and minimal proteinuria that remains at < 1 g/day until the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) falls below 30 ml/min, after which it may increase.
Conclusions
We suggest that COL4A4:p. G545A may play a permissive polygenic role in a novel renal condition that phenocopies ‘hypertensive nephropathy’. This variant may be a common contributor to renal failure in the eastern Mediterranean region, thus justifying further investigation in appropriate families.
Marine debris invasion and pollution assessment in mangrove wetlands in the northern South China Sea
Authors: ZHOU Peng , SHI Rongui , ZHENG Yuanlai , ZHAO Li , GUO Zhiming , LI Dongmei , JIANG Zhongchen , NI Zhixin
Published: April 2024

Mangrove wetlands as debris traps should receive more attention. Here, we assessed that the magnitude, accumulation, source and fate of marine debris in seven mangrove areas in the north South China Sea (MNSCS) (2019–2020). Marine debris with plastic dominating is invading the MNSCS at the low level. More than 70% of all debris weight with plastics (48.34% ) and fabrics (14.59%) is land-based, and more than 70% comes from coastal/recreational activities. More than 90% of all debris items with plastics (52.50%) and styrofoam(36.32%) is land-based, and more than 90% comes from coastal/recreational activities. The medium/large size debris are trapped in mangrove wetlands under the influenced conditions of local tidal level, debris item materials, and sizes. We expect that our study is helpful to determine the nature and significance of their risk and future marine debris management and the mangrove conservation and restoration.
Impact of irrigation, fertilizer, and pesticide management practices on groundwater and soil health in the rice-wheat cropping system: A comparison of conventional, resource conservation technologies and conservation agriculture
Authors: Shah Shailendra Singh , Dam Jos van , Singh Awtar , Kumar Suresh , Kumar Satyendra , Bundela Devendra Singh , Ritsema Coen
Published: April 2024

Agricultural intensification in the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain (NWIGP), a critical food bowl supporting millions of people, is leading to groundwater depletion and soil health degradation, primarily driven by conventional cultivation practices, particularly the rice-wheat (RW) cropping system, which comprises over 85% of the IGP. Therefore, this study presents a systematic literature review of input management in the RW system, analyzes district-wise trends, outlines the current status, addresses challenges, and proposes sustainable management options to achieve development goals. Our district-wise analysis estimates potential water savings from 20–60% by transitioning from flood to drip, sprinkler, laser land leveling, or conservation agriculture (CA). Alongside integrating water-saving technologies with CA, crop switching and recharge infrastructure enhancements are needed for groundwater sustainability. Furthermore, non-adherence with recommended fertilizer and pesticide practices, coupled with residue burning, adversely affects soil health and water quality. CA practices have demonstrated substantial benefits, including increased soil permeability (up to 51%), improved organic carbon content (up to 38%), higher nitrifying bacteria populations (up to 73%), enhanced dehydrogenase activities (up to 70%), and increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi populations (up to 56%). The detection of multiple fertilizers and pesticides in groundwater underscores the need for legislative measures and the promotion of sustainable farming practices similar to European Union strategies. Lastly, greater emphasis should be placed on fostering shifts in farmers' perceptions toward optimizing input utilization. The policy implications of this study extend beyond the NWIGP region to the entire country, stressing the critical importance of proactive measures to increase environmental sustainability.
Enhancing porous silicon biosensors performance: the interplay of nanostructure design and microfluidic integration
Authors: Bahnemann Janina , Awawdeh Kayan , Buttkewitz Marc , Segal Ester
Published: April 2024

In this article, we investigate mass transfer acceleration approaches aimed at enhancing the performance of porous silicon (PSi)-based biosensors. PSi biosensors tend to suffer from relatively poor sensitivity due to mass transfer limitations, which can be attributed to several factors including the bulk diffusion of the target in the solution toward the biosensor surface, the hindered diffusion within the porous layer, and simultaneous reaction with the immobilized capture probe molecules. This study considers the impact of different PSi structural characteristics (such as the pore diameter, porous layer thickness, and the capture probe density) on the overall performance of such sensors. Additionally, we look at the effect of incorporating convection on the performance of PSi biosensors, via their integration into sophisticated 3D-printed microfluidic platforms. The proposed 3D-printed microfluidic designs include micromixer components that can be deployed for both passive and active mixing to achieve superior sensitivity. We show that tuning the PSi biosensor characteristics improve performance significantly – achieving a calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 50 nM, which is > 1 order of magnitude lower than the achieved in similar previously developed biosensors. Furthermore, the integration of PSi with the different microfluidic systems can indeed improve the sensitivity of the aptasensor, and the LOD can be reduced by > 1 order of magnitude.
Consolidating Rotten/Pulverized Silk Fabrics through Spatially Adaptive 3D Strong/Tough Framework Mediated Structural Shaping of Fiber Bundles
Authors: Zhu Xiongbin , Wu Hao , Yu Yanting , Fang Beisong , Chen Shaohui , Xie Huan , Zhang Qiong , Yang Changying , Zhao Yang , Ran Jiabing
Published: April 2024

Developing advanced technologies for consolidation and shaping of rotten/pulverized silk fabrics (RPSFs) is of vital historical and cultural values, but currently reported strategies are still far from satisfactory. In this regard, a novel PEI/PEGDE/IPP method was proposed in this work. Briefly, a spatially adaptive 3D cross-linked PEI/PEGDE framework was constructed around the silk fiber bundles of RPSF to enhance the structural integrity, strength, toughness, and elasticity of RPSF through successive soaking of RPSF in ethanol solution of branched poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and acetone solution of poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). Then, isopropyl palmitate (IPP) molecules were introduced into the PEI/PEGDE framework to improve the softness and ductility of RPSF. Through three systematic orthogonal experiments (i.e., stiffness, chromaticity variation, and mechanical properties), the optimal initial feeding composition of PEI and PEGDE were screened out and determined to be 2 wt% and 2 wt%, respectively. A series of composition and structural identification indicated that the consolidation/shaping mechanism of the PEI/PEGDE/IPP method fitted with our initial theoretical assumption. Besides, the PEI/PEGDE/IPP treatment induced ordered arrangement of RPSF along (210) crystal plane and, therefore, could enhance the anti-tearing capability of RPSF, which also positive influence on long-term preservation of RPSF. When being applied to true RPSF historical relics, the PEI/PEGDE/IPP method didn’t change its color and texture, and could improve the mechanical stability of RPSF to some extent. Thus, the reported PEI/PEGDE/IPP method is promising for preservation of RPSF historical relics in the future.
Identifying MSMO1, ELOVL6, AACS, and CERS2 related to lipid metabolism as biomarkers of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Wang Huiqing , Zhao Mingpei , Chen Guorong , Lin Yuanxiang , Kang Dezhi , Yu Lianghong
Published: April 2024

The mechanisms underlying lipid metabolic disorders in Parkinson's diseases (PD) remain unclear. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify PD-related modular genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) were extracted from Molecular Signatures Database. Candidate genes were assessed with overlapping modular genes, DEGs, and LMRGs for the purpose of building protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks. Then, biomarkers were generated by machine learning and Backpropagation Neural Network development according to candidate genes. Biomarker-based enrichment and network modulation analyses were executed to investigate related signal pathway. Following dimensionality reduction clustering and annotation, scRNA-seq was submitted to cellular interactions and trajectory analysis to analyze regulatory mechanisms of critical cells. Finally, qRT-PCR was conducted to confirm the expression of biomarkers in PD patients. Four biomarkers (MSMO1, ELOVL6, AACS, and CERS2) were obtained and highly predictive after analysis mentioned above. Then, OPC, Oli, and Neu cells were the primary expression sites for biomarkers according to scRNA-seq studies. Finally, we confirmed mRNA of MSMO1, ELOVL6 and AACS were downregulated in PD patients comparing with control, while CERS2 was upregulated. In conclusion, MSMO1, ELOVL6, AACS, and CERS2 related to LMRGs could be new biomarkers for diagnosing and treating PD.
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Arsenic Concentration in Rural Drinking Water and Health Risk Assessment in Northern China over the past 10 years: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Zhang Xiangnan , Zhang Chenguang , Jia Xinrui , Li Huan , Yue Xuanzhi , Wu Duoduo , Zhu Jiake , Zhang Wenqian , Qin Yuhan , Fan Yaochun
Published: April 2024

[Background] To monitor the arsenic content in drinking water in rural areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022 and assess its carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, in order to provide guidance for optimizing rural water supply projects and to provide a basis for further promoting population health strategies.
[Methods] Water samples from rural areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were collected during the dry season (May) and the wet season (August-September) each year from 2013 to 2022, with a total of 42,695 samples collected over the 10-year period. The arsenic content in the drinking water was tested following the "Inspection Methods for Drinking Water Standards - Metal Index" (GB/T5750.6-2006). The environmental health risk assessment was conducted using the health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the arsenic concentrations in drinking water from different water sources.
[Results] Overall, the arsenic concentrations in drinking water in the western and central regions of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were higher than those in the eastern region. The arsenic concentration in rural drinking water showed a significant decreasing trend from 2013 to 2022, with over 98% of water samples qualified for arsenic standards by 2022. From 2013 to 2019, the arsenic concentration in drinking water from groundwater sources was higher than that from surface water sources (P <0.05), while there was no difference between the concentrations from different water sources from 2020 to 2022. The non-carcinogenic oral exposure risk (P95) of arsenic in drinking water for adults was higher than 1 from 2013 to 2018, and for children, it was higher than 1 from 2013 to 2015. The average, median, and P95 of the carcinogenic oral exposure risk of arsenic ingestion in drinking water from 2013 to 2022 were all higher than 1×10-6 for the entire population. Sensitivity analysis showed that the contribution of drinking water arsenic concentration to the health risk was the largest for both adults and children, and the weight of the entire population had a negative contribution to the risk values.
[Conclusion] Over the 10-year period, the situation of arsenic exceeding the standard in rural drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has improved, with the overall exceeding rate reduced and the health risks to the population decreased. However, there still exists a certain carcinogenic risk, so targeted measures should be further taken to continue promoting the improvement of water quality in rural areas.
“I have never felt so alone and vulnerable” – A qualitative study of bereaved people’s experiences of end-of-life cancer care during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Burton Lara , Goss Silvia , Sivell Stephanie , Selman Lucy , Harrop Emily
Published: April 2024

Background
COVID-19 drastically affected healthcare services world-wide. In the UK, many cancer services were overwhelmed as oncology staff were reassigned, and cancer diagnoses and treatments were delayed. The impact of these pressures on end-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer and their relatives is not well understood.
Methods
Secondary thematic analysis of qualitative survey and interview data, collected from family members and close friends bereaved by cancer, as part of a national COVID-19 bereavement study (Survey N = 156; Interview N = 10).
Results
Four key themes were identified: The impact of COVID-19 on contact with patients towards the end of life; Mixed experiences of support for family members; Variable communication quality from health and social care professionals; Prioritisation of COVID-19 and its impact on patient care. Hospital care was perceived more negatively than community care in almost all areas, while support from cancer charities and district nurses was appreciated the most. Almost all participants felt that COVID-19 was detrimentally prioritised over care for their relative/friend.
Conclusions
People bereaved by cancer were uniquely affected by pandemic-restrictions and disruptions to services. As services re-build post-pandemic, improvements in palliative care in hospitals, investment into community care, and ensuring compassionate communication with patients and families must be prioritised, alongside preparedness for future pandemics or similar events.
The joint calibration method of binocular tracking multi-line laser system based on Multi-position attitude optimization algorithm
Authors: Huang Huiming , Liu Guihua , Liu Jiajia , Liu Xueyin , Deng Lei , Song Tao , Qing Fupin
Published: April 2024

The traditional multi-line laser 3D reconstruction system relies on marker points to obtain complete 3D information of objects. However, in practical applications, many scenarios do not allow marker points to be pasted on objects. To solve this problem, we adopt a binocular tracking-based method to achieve marker-free stitching of multi-line laser reconstructed 3D data. The calibration of the binocular tracking system and the joint calibration between the multi-line laser system and the tracking ball cage constitute the core challenges of the system. To quickly and accurately complete the calibration of the entire system, this paper proposes a bundle adjustment optimization method based on a cross pole. This method utilizes multiple encoded marker points on the cross pole and their real 3D data. By capturing the cross pole images at different positions through the binocular tracking system, the internal and external parameters of the binocular tracking system are calibrated using the bundle adjustment optimization method in combination with the 3D data of the cross pole and the recognized image points. During the joint calibration of the multi-line laser system and the tracking ball cage, we simultaneously use the binocular tracking system and the multi-line laser system to capture cross pole images. By capturing cross pole at different positions, we can obtain the positional relationship between the cross pole, the binocular tracking system, and the multi-line laser system. Based on these positional relationships, we adopt a multi-position attitude optimization algorithm to calibrate the transformation relationship between the multi-line laser system and the tracking ball cage, thus completing the calibration of the entire system. Finally, based on all the calibration results, we can achieve 3D reconstruction of objects. Compared with the traditional method based on a planar calibration board, the calibration method proposed in this paper only requires one cross pole to complete the calibration of the two key steps, which not only improves the calibration accuracy but also simplifies the calibration process.
Brief description of the molecular aspects of Paralithodes camtschaticus larval development
Authors: Boyko Alexey V. , Dolmatov Igor Yu. , Girich Alexander S. , Maslennikov Sergey I.
Published: April 2024

The transcriptome of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus was sequenced at four developmental stages—zoea I, zoea IV, glaucothoe, juvenile—on an Illumina sequencer. Based on our RNA-seq data and the paired-end reads from 112 libraries obtained by other researchers earlier, we have achieved the currently most complete transcriptome assembly for P. camtschaticus with the best basic statistical parameters. The analysis of enrichment processes at different stages showed, that in the early larvae adaptation to elevated temperature and hypoxia do not function. Thus, it is important to maintain optimal condition for the normal larval development and reducing mortality. As results of expression profiles clustering and transcription factor searching, we found that most of them are associated with the development of various organs, metamorphosis, and immune respone. The data obtained by us provide an additional basis for a deeper study of the mechanisms of the biphasic life cycle in decapods and can be used in commercial Kamchatka crab breeding programs.
VoxelFSD: voxel-based fully sparse detector with sparse convolution for 3D object detection
Authors: Zhou Weidian , Hong Ru , Da Feipeng , Gai Shaoyan
Published: April 2024

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer graphics have been transferred and applied to 3D object detection, achieving promising performance. However, challenges still exist in this area. Aiming at the problem of time-consuming dramatic increase of current voxel-based detectors in large-scale point cloud perception, this paper proposes a fully sparse detector, VoxelFSD, which is capable of real-time long-range perception. The model consists of three key components: (1) Parallel Convolutional Branches (PCB), which not only expands the model receptive field, but also effectively handles the impact of the loss of object center features on the results; (2) Sparse RPN head, which predicts the candidate boxes in a sparse manner rather than in a dense form, enabling the model to effectively handle long-range perception tasks; (3) ROI head with attention fusion module (AFM-ROI), which utilizes cross-attention to effectively fuse the extracted 3D backbone features and the compressed bev features in the second stage, further improving the model performance. Based on the above modules, we propose a single-stage lightweight detector, VoxelFSD-S, and a two-stage detector, VoxelFSD-T. Among them, VoxelFSD-S achieves a better performance than the previous voxel-based lightweight detectors, while VoxelFSD-T achieves a mAP of 81.50\% on the KITTI test set. The code and the result are available at \href{https://github.com/seu-zwd/VoxelFSD}{https://github.com/seu-zwd/VoxelFSD}
Effect of growth hormone on cell proliferation and biological behavior of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma cells
Authors: Xiong Zhiwei , Li Kai , Yu Milai , Wang Zijing , Wang Yihan , Chen Rongjun , Li Weizhao , Zhang Keying , Lin Yucong , Zhang Zhixuan , Li Danling , Peng Junxiang
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of growth hormone therapy on the postoperative management of craniopharyngioma and to evaluate the direct influence of GH on craniopharyngioma.
Methods: The research involved the application of varying concentrations of growth hormone to stimulate and cultivate the ACP cell line. It focused on assessing the influence of growth hormone on the growth, proliferation, and apoptosis of ACP cells, and explored changes in transcription levels following growth hormone treatment of ACP cells through transcriptome sequencing. The results shed light on the effects and underlying mechanisms through which growth hormone impacts ACP cells.
Results: The CCK8 cell viability assay's results indicate that growth hormone stimulation does not significantly increase ACP cell proliferation. Furthermore, sequencing data analysis suggests that growth hormone does not promote the activation of pathways associated with craniopharyngioma proliferation. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the presence of GHR receptors on ACP cells. Moreover, flow cytometry experiments focusing on cell cycle and apoptosis in ACP cells show that growth hormone does not affect cell cycle progression or apoptosis.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that growth hormone can impact craniopharyngioma directly but it didn’t promote the growth of ACP..
In-situ atomic observations unveil the aggregation growth and evolution of five-fold twin structures
Authors: Song Miao , Zhang Dingri , Leng Dan , Lee Jaewon , Yang Ziang , Chen Jiaxuan , Li Dan , Wang Lei , Zhou Gang , Yang Rui , Zhou Kechao
Published: April 2024

The unique twin boundaries and inherent lattice strain of five-fold twin (5-FT) structures offer a promising and innovative approach to tune nanocrystal configurations and properties, enriching nanomaterial performance. However, due to constraints imposed by small thermodynamically stable size and complex twin configurations, gaps persist in understanding the nonclassical growth models of 5-FT nanoparticles. Here, we in-situ investigated the mechanisms underlying size-dependent and twin configuration-related aggregation growth phenomena between 5-FT and other nanoparticles at the atomic scale. The results find that surface diffusion shapes the morphology of aggregated nanoparticles, promoting symmetrical 5-FT formation, particularly involving smaller nanoparticles. Additionally, the inherent structure of 5-FT mitigates the dominance of surface diffusion in its morphological evolution, retarding the aggregation evolution process and fostering intricate twin structures. Our findings contribute to advancing our ability to manipulate the configuration of twinned particles and achieve a more predictable synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials for engineering applications.
Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharides attenuates Klebsiella infection in immunocompromised mice by modulating immunity
Authors: Liang Zihan , Wang Yiyao , Zhang Jingyi , Lai Yixiang , Yin Lanlan , Chen Zhe , Li Lun , Zhou Yongqin , Deng Yaguang , Zhu Ping , Song Yinhong
Published: April 2024

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy compromise individuals’ immunity clinically, resulting in increased opportunistic infections. In this study, the cyclophosphamide-induced immunocompromised C57BL/6J mouse with Klebsiella infection was hired to analyze the effect of the active components of Acanthopanax senticosus on anti-infection for immunocompromised individuals. As a result, Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide (ASPS) was selected with the best effect. For immunocompromised C57BL/6J mouse, ASPS increased its indices of thymus and spleen, reducing the bacteria load in lung and protecting the function of liver. Meanwhile, ASPS obviously boosted the total number of thymocytes and the number of CD4+ T cells in spleen, promoting the proportions of CD4+ TCM and TEM cells, while decreasing that of CD4+ TEMRA cells in in peripheral blood. Moreover, ASPS enhanced the number of NF-κB+, CD192+ Mφ and NF-κB+ neutrophils in the abdomen and strengthened their antibacterial function, however, reduced the number of NF-κB+ Mφ and neutrophils in the spleen reducing inflammation. It is also observed by immunofluorescence that the NF-κB expression of peritoneal Mφ increased evidently after the mice were treated with ASPS. In conclusion, ASPS has an obvious effect against infection for immunocompromised mice by promoting immunity recovery.
The Mediating Role of Emotional Expressivity Between Differentiation of Self and Co-dependency among Couples: A Common Fate Mediation Model
Authors: Dokuzlar Şerifali , Özbiler Şerife , Schweer-Collins Maria , Isık Erkan
Published: April 2024

Bowen family systems theory provides an account of how the family of origin promotes intimate connections with others. The study tests the mediating role of emotional expressivity in the relationship between differentiation of self and co-dependency assessed in married couples. We used a common fate model to study the relationship among these variables in a sample of 176 Turkish heterosexual married couples (N = 352). Results showed that lower differentiation of self predicted greater co-dependency among couples. Emotional expressivity mediated this relationship between the differentiation of self and co-dependency. Implications of the findings were discussed.
Innovative Remediation of Oily Water Utilizing Environmentally Friendly Fish-Scale Biosorbents
Authors: Malhas Rana Nabil , Achkar Jean H. El , Misbah Biltayib , Alawadhi Abdullah
Published: April 2024

Oil-contaminated water poses a significant environmental threat, originating from various industrial processes. It is a hazard to ecosystems and various life forms. Scientists aim to create an inexpensive, straightforward, and environmentally friendly substance capable of effectively removing oil. The main target of this research is to test the feasibility of fish scale as oil biosorbent in oily water body. The experimental setup, utilizing both batch experiments and a packed column, comprehensively assesses the effectiveness of fish scales (FS) as sorbents. Potentiometric parameters, such as a 1000 mg adsorbent dose, 500 mg/L oil concentrations, and 60 minutes contact time at pH 7 with a 0.15 mm particle size, effectively evaluate oil extraction efficiency, achieving up to 95% removal, showcasing the remarkable capabilities of FS as a biosorbent. A higher efficiency of 97% was attained when the oil was mixed with seawater in the packed column. The excellent fit of experimental data with the pseudo-second order kinetic model suggests a chemisorption process. Additionally, the strong agreement with Freundlich isotherms in equilibrium isotherm results further supports the efficacy of FS as sorbents. The scalability of the method, as evidenced by the packed column results, is promising, indicating practical implementation potential in real-world scenarios. Overall, the study underscores the viability of using FS as an environmentally friendly and economical solution for oil removal from contaminated water and oil spills. Moreover, the potential for adaptation to other systems with different biosorbents or pollutants suggests broader applicability and future research opportunities in environmental remediation.
Homocysteine Promotes Intestinal Inflammation in Colitis Mice Through the PGE2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shao Akang , Zhao Qiu , Chen Min
Published: April 2024

Background Our previous study indicated that Hcy exacerbated DSS-induced colitis by facilitating the differentiation of intestinal T helper cell 17 (Th17), but the precise mechanism remains unidentified. Therefore, our current research aims to elucidate the signaling pathway through which Hcy promotes the differentiation of Th17 cells.
Methods BALb/c mice were randomly assigned into six groups. The model of mice colitis was induced using 3% DSS, while the model of Hyperhomocysteinaemia was induced using 1.7% methionine. The concentrations of Hcy and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), phosphorylated-cPLA2 (p-cPLA2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphorylated-STAT3 (p-STAT3), interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor-γt (RORγt) were assessed using western blot analysis.
Results Compared to the DSS+HHcy group, the addition of the COX inhibitor did not significantly alter the protein expression of p-PLA2/PLA2, but led to significant decreases in serum PGE2 concentration, cAMP and p-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression. The protein expressions of p-PLA2/PLA2, COX2, and cAMP upstream of STAT3 inhibitor addition did not exhibit significant changes. However, PGE2 concentration and p-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression were notably reduced. After the COX inhibitor and STAT3 inhibitor added, the protein expression of IL-17A and RORγt and the levels of IL-17A and IL-23R in CD4+T cells were significantly reduced.
Conclusion HHcy aggravated DSS-induced colitis by promoting the differentiation and proliferation of Th17 cells through the PGE2 / STAT3 signaling pathway.
Structural barriers in the prevention and control of leptospirosis in a municipality in southern Brazil: a qualitative study
Authors: SILVA Suellen Caroline M. , BOHM Bianca C. , HAGE Ravena S. , SOARES Alessandra T. , LIGNON Julia S. , LIMA Jackeline V. , TELES Alessandra J. , ZILLMER Juliana Graciela V. , BRUHN Fábio Raphael P.
Published: April 2024

Background
This article aimed to describe the structural barriers to the prevention and control of leptospirosis in a municipality in southern Brazil.
Methodology
A qualitative approach, specifically a case study design, was employed in this study conducted within primary care, surveillance, and management settings of a municipality. Thirty-three workers were selected through purposive sampling, and semi-structured individual interviews were conducted from August 2022 to March 2023. Data analysis followed a thematic sequential approach managed using the Etnograph program. In this stage, five categories were constructed, describing barriers related to leptospirosis knowledge and prevention measures, lack of training, insufficient infrastructure, inadequate human resources, absence of information production, and changes in the notification protocol.
Results
Through the identification of barriers, it was possible to highlight local healthcare access bottlenecks, which impact the management of leptospirosis cases and control efforts.
Conclusions
While the results may not be representative of the entire national territory, they can serve as a starting point for further studies on leptospirosis, prompting inquiries into its impact in areas with high disease risk and fostering the development of interventions on a larger scale.
Comprehensive Assessment and Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Large-Scale Renewable Energy Power Generation Prediction: A National Perspective
Authors: Aksoy Necati , Genc Istemihan
Published: April 2024

In forecasting the future energy consumption and generation at the national level, strategic planning for both the medium and long term becomes imperative. The trajectory of renewable energy contribution to the smart grid, whether in the short or long term, significantly influences the grid's operational dynamics. This study is dedicated to the development of deep learning-based power prediction models tailored for a nation characterized by extensive reliance on renewable energy sources. Specifically, four distinct deep learning methodologies—namely,Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)—have been formulated and rigorously examined for their efficacy within this domain. These models have been individually tailored for the prediction of power generation from solar photovoltaic plants and wind turbines, leveraging the inherent advantages of architectures featuring memory cells. The outcomes of these predictive models, which encompass the entire spectrum of renewable energy sources, exhibit remarkable precision. Furthermore, an exhaustive analysis of the performance metrics derived from these models has been conducted, affording a comprehensive and nuanced comparison. The findings contribute valuable insights into the suitability and effectiveness of the aforementioned deep learning methodologies in forecasting power generation from renewable sources at a national scale.
Generative AI To Recognize Response Fabrication in PTSD
Authors: Chattopadhyay Ishanu , Lee Royce , Evans James , Brook Michael , Gibbons Robert
Published: April 2024

Fabricating symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can hinder accurate clinical assessments via structured diagnostic interviews1,2. Symptom simulation or fabrication is a known problem3,4 in PTSD assessments, with diverse motivations including unmet mental health issues, varied socio-economic factors and the potential for external gain from positive diagnoses. Here we introduce an artificial intelligence (AI) framework referred to as Algorithm VeRITAS (Vetting Response Integrity from cross-Talk in Adversarial Surveys), for detecting symptom fabrication in the context of PTSD diagnosis. In contrast to current approaches to fabrication detection which indirectly assess atypical symptom presentations, and have limited reliability, VeRITAS infers statistical dependencies inherent in true response patterns, flagging responses which violate these subtle constraints. With a study sample of n = 651 patients, VeRITAS has an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ≧ 0:95 ± 0:02, with sensitivity > 95%, specificity > 88%, and positive likelihood ratio between 9:9 - 19:77. Additionally, VeRITAS is difficult-to-impossible to beat with coaching or training; we demonstrate that having advanced training in mental health diagnosis is not helpful in defeating the algorithm. Our tool offers an objective, diseasespecific, fast (average time ≦ 4 min) detection of simulated or feigned PTSD, and on wider adoption, can potentially help resources and disability concessions reach those genuinely in need, while helping to maintain integrity of clinical data. Moreover, reliably identifying patients who might be fabricating symptoms due to unmet mental health needs or socio-economic compulsions can ultimately improve outcomes in disadvantaged communities.
Exploring Variation in the Six-Month Review for Stroke Survivors: A National Survey of Current Practice in England
Authors: Holmes Rich , Ackerley Suzanne , Fisher Rebecca J , Connell Louise A
Published: April 2024

Background: The Six-Month Review (6MR) was introduced in the United Kingdom to provide a holistic, systematic review of the ongoing needs faced by stroke survivors. However, a theoretical underpinning regarding how it should work is lacking, potentially leading to wide variation in service provision. This study aims to understand the current degree of variation in 6MR delivery across England and explore the potential driving factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey distributed to 6MR services within England. Data were collected over 12 weeks in 2023. Descriptive statistics were used to demonstrate the degree of variation in service delivery, and associations were explored between features of the 6MR service and contextual factors.
Results: Ninety-two responses were received, representing approximately 53% of 6MR services in England. Wide variation was observed in relation to service structure, content and processes, and in how outcomes, experience and effectiveness are measured. A number of significant associations were observed between features of the 6MR and contextual factors, most commonly, in relation to the provider organisation.
Conclusions: This study highlights the degree of variation in 6MR delivery across England. The provider organisation may be a driving factor for this variation that warrants further investigation. Future research should focus on understanding how, and under what circumstances, the 6MR works so that its effectiveness can be evaluated and best practice established.
Personalized Evaluation of the Passive Myocardium in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy via Computational Modeling Using Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Torbati Saeed , Daneshmehr Alireza , Pouraliakbar Hamidreza , Asgharian Masoud , Tafti Seyed Hossein Ahmadi , Shum-Tim Dominique , Heidari Alireza
Published: April 2024

Biomechanics-based patient-specific modeling is a promising approach that has proved invaluable for its clinical potential to assess the adversities caused by ischemic heart disease (IDH). In the present study, we propose a framework to find the passive material properties of the myocardium and the unloaded shape of cardiac ventricles simultaneously in patients diagnosed with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). This was achieved by minimizing the difference between the simulated and target end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships (EDPVRs) using black-box Bayesian optimization, based on the finite element analysis (FEA). End-diastolic (ED) biventricular geometry and the location of the ischemia were determined from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. We employed our pipeline to model the cardiac ventricles of three patients aged between 57 and 66 years, with and without the inclusion of valves. An excellent agreement between the simulated and target EDPVRs has been reached. Our results revealed that the incorporation of valvular springs typically leads to lower hyperelastic parameters for both healthy and ischemic myocardium, as well as a higher fiber Green strain in the viable regions compared to models without valvular stiffness. Furthermore, the addition of valve-related effects did not result in significant changes in myofiber stress after optimization. We concluded that more accurate results could be obtained when cardiac valves were considered in modeling ventricles. The present novel and practical methodology paves the way for developing digital twins of ischemic cardiac ventricles, providing a non-invasive assessment for designing optimal personalized therapies in precision medicine.