bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Înregistrarea englezismelor în dicționar
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Caruntu-Caraman Livia
Published: December 2021

Limba reflectă schimbările ce se produc în societate. În etapa actuală, constatăm că globalizarea favorizează răspândirea englezismelor în diverse limbi, ceea ce duce la internaționalizarea comunicării. Întrucât multe asemenea elemente circulă cu formă grafică originară, dar și „hibridizată” au loc multiple disensiuni de fonetism, transcriere, semantică, iar, ca să se clarifice, consumatorul apelează în primul rând la un dicționar. Astfel, am decis să elaborăm o lucrare specială în care să înregistrăm un corpus de englezisme din vorbirea actuală și care să cuprindă elemente de ortografie, morfologie, fonetică, etimologie și semantică, precum și unele recomandări și principii de realizare. Aici utilizatorul va găsi explicații la situațiile confuze privind mijloacele novatoare de exprimare, întâlnite mai cu seamă în mass-media, în opere științifice, în viața cotidiană.
Școala de la Târgoviște și metaromanul (în baza operei „Ficțiune și infanterie” de Costache Olăreanu)
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Cogut Sergiu
Published: December 2021

Articolul se axează pe eluicidarea uneia dintre trăsăturile dominante ale grupării de scriitori ce este cunoscută ca „școala de la Târgoviște” și anume predilecția membrilor ei pentru valorificarea metaromanului și astfel cultivarea unei proze autoreferențiale. Una dintre creațiile reprezentative în acest sens este romanul Ficțiune și infanterie de Costache Olăreanu publicat în 1980 și care poate fi considerat una dintre primele scrieri postmoderne din literatura română, fiind calificat ca un manual al tehnicilor și trucurilor textualiste, anticipând astfel proza optzeciștilor. Prin intermediul acestei opere autorul denunță impostura protagonistului său Victor Testiban ce pretinde a fi un romancier realist, dar în realitate nu este.
Migranții români între „aici” și „acolo”
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Negrescu-Babus Inna
Published: December 2021

Cercetările și dezbaterile în cadrul paradigmei migrației au apărut în ultimele decenii ca răspuns la fenomenele globalizării și a deplasărilor masive de populație. Prin acest studiu ne propunem să scoatem în evidenţă unele aspecte legate de etapele procesului de migraţie care ţin de ambele ţări implicate în actul migraţiei: ţara de origine şi ţara de destinaţie. Analiza cuprinde și prezentarea celor trei nivele de integrare în etapele procesului de migraţie şi anume, adaptarea, asimilarea şi participarea. Pe de altă parte, expunem și problemele cu care se confruntă imigranții români: provocări de ordin valoric, identitar, dar și de ordin tehnic, în directă legătură cu regulile de bază ale comunităţii unde a decis să imigreze. Astfel, în baza setului de valori învăţate în familia de origine, imigrantul construieşte un nou tip de identitate, departe de locul său de origine.
Text vs disсurs – abordări conceptuale
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Negru Cristina
Published: December 2021

Discursul a devenit, în ultimele decenii ale secolului treсut, o noțiune-сheie a lingvistiсii, situându-se la granița lingvistiсii сu soсiologia, teoria сomuniсării și psihologia. Disсiplinile lingvistiсa textuală şi analiza disсursului s-au dezvoltat paralel dar independent una de сealaltă, observând importanţa şi neсesitatea de abordare şi tratare a disсursului. Există mai multe păreri și idei despre aceste două concepte, însă trebuie de atras atenția că pentru unii сerсetători disсursul este un text sсris, pentru alții doar produсția orală, fiind prezent în multe domenii de aсtivitate. Textul poate fi oriсe, după сum afirmă unii сerсetători ruși, de exemplu, visele la fel pot fi сonsiderate texte, la fel сa și unele сuvinte сare denotă un sens mult mai larg.
Limbajul și terminologia educației literar-artistice
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Paslaru Vladimir
Published: December 2021

Autorul definește limbajul educației literar-artistice (formării cititorului de literatură) și terminologia acesteia, pe care o structurează ierarhic pornind de la principiile generale ale cunoașterii și concretizând-o în baza principiilor educației artistic-estetice și educației literar-artistice. Astfel abordată și structurată, se conturează și principiile de integralizare a terminologiei educației literar-artistice, oferind cititorului repere fezabile de cunoaștere, proiectare și tehnologizare a procesului de formare a cititorului de literatură.
Prezenţa bazei apelative de substrat în repertoriul onomastic al Recensămintelor populaţiei Moldovei din anii 1772-1773 şi 1774
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Plesca Ecaterina
Published: December 2021

În comunicarea de faţă ne-am propus să urmărim transferul în onomastică al cuvintelor autohtone din limba română notate în registrele Recensămintelor populaţiei Moldovei din anii 1772-1773 şi 1774. Cercetările au arătat că în sursa dată au fost înregistrate antroponime formate doar de la 35 dintre apelativele de origine autohtonă (baci, balaur, balegă, baltă, bâlc, bâr, brad, brânză, buză, cioară, cioc, ciut, copac, cursă, fărâmă, fluier, gata, ghimpe, groapă, grumaz, leurdă, mare, măgar, mărar, mânz, moş, murg, pârâu, pupăză, raţă, strungă, ţap, ţeapă, urdă, vatră). Acestea şi derivatele lor apar ca bază apelativă la prenume, supranume/ porecle, patronime/ nume de familie. Repartiţia lor geografică diferă de la ţinut la ţinut. La est de Prut numărul lor este mai mic decât în restul Moldovei istorice. Unele dintre ele nu apar ca bază apelativă în acest spaţiu de răspândire a limbii române.
Formule denominative create de la prenume masculine
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Raileanu Viorica
Published: December 2021

Formula oficială de denominație a unei persoane conține două elemente: prenumele și numele de familie. Această formulă denominativă s-a oficializat abia la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea. Anterior, pentru identificarea și individualizarea persoanelor s-a folosit denominația cu nume unic, având la bază un nume de botez. Când numele unic nu a mai reușit să-și îndeplinească rolul de identificare, s-a adăugat un nume complementar, folosit, la început, ocazional. Reconfigurarea formulei antroponimice a dezvoltat o tipologie a supranumelor care indicau descendența personală, descendența locală, etnia, ocupația etc. Numeroase supranume cu descendență personală au la origine prenume masculine, care se prezintă astăzi ca nume de familie.
Aportul semantic și pragmatic al metaforei în lingvistică
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Rotari Natalia
Published: December 2021

Studiul de față propune o analiză a funcției semantice și pragmatice a metaforei lingvistice, raportate la teoria cognitivității, metafora fiind considerată o categorie cognitivă a gândirii. Mutațiile de sens, în procesul metaforizării, sunt realizate la nivelul psiholingvisticii prin forța emoțională a vorbitorului declanșată de evenimente sau sentimente, metaforele fiind create în limbaj prin expansiune sau atracție. Caracterul creativ și generativ al metaforelor lingvistice contribuie la diversitate semantică, iar cunoașterea semnificatului facilitează înțelegerea procesului metaforic. Explicațiile de ordin pragmatic descriu mecanismele de funcționare a metaforei lingvistice, or, mecanismul metaforic este centrat pe relația dintre A și B, adică A și B nu pot fi metafore de la sine, relația dintre ele este cea care le crează.
Sabbatarian Literature from the 17th Century and the Contribution of Simon Pechi
Authors:   „Timotheus” Brethren Theological Institute of Bucharest, Romania, Rotaru Ioan-Gheorghe
Published: December 2021

Both Sabbatarianism and its poetic creation from this period were under the influence of Simon Péchi. Most of the poetic creations of the Sabbatarians came from the pen of Péchi, who also outlined the future direction regarding this kind of creation. The concern of the Sabbatarians was for the translation of Jewish religious hymns, as well as for their processing. And the literature which emerged, and which until now is an almost unknown poetic literature, which is not even very wide and which has come to us with many shortcomings, in one respect is unmatched and especially full of teachings as regarding that radical change, through which Sabbatarianism has passed from the moment Simon Péchi has reached to lead it.
Eul adolescentin între rătăcire, căutare și cunoaștere
Authors:   Ion Creanga State Pedagogical University, Republic of Moldova, Zaharia Viorica
Published: December 2021

Plasată între copilărie sau starea pregătitoare și maturitate, vârsta rațională, adolescența, caracterizată prin schimbări fizice și frământări psihologice, este „epoca” în care începem să ne descoperim sinele original. Vârsta formării şi marilor aspiraţii, adolescenţa este o temă literară predilectă încă de la începuturile literaturii, rezultat al efortului fiinţei umane de a se clarifica şi împăca cu sine şi cu lumea. Odată cu literatura secolului al XX-lea, tema respectivă este exploatată la maxim, categoria „romanelor adolescenței” fiind creată pentru a pune în evidență textele cu tematica adolescenței, subliniind statutul personajelor adolescenți, cu frământările inerente acestei vârste. Dramele existenţiale trăite de personaje adolescenţi au fost tentante şi pentru debuturile literare ale prozatorilor Mircea Eliade şi Jerome David Sallinger, creaţia cărora a influențat enorm mentalitatea societății și tinerelor generații nu doar a timpului lor.
The assignment of the right of usufruct
Authors:   University of European Studies of Moldova, Bitca Ion
Published: December 2021

Usually the right of usufruct is constituted in the consideration of the identity of the person of the usufructuary, being a personal intuition contract. The rule that follows from the provisions of the Civil Code regarding the transfer by the usufructuary of the usufruct right constituted in his favor is that of its inalienability. By way of exception, it is possible for the usufructuary to assign the right to a third party but only if the following conditions are met: this possibility was provided for in the incorporation contra
Theoretical-philosophical dimensions of the notion of freedom of consciousness
Authors:   University of European Studies of Moldova, Cusmir Marcel , Sedletchi Nicolae ,   University of European Studies of Moldova
Published: December 2021

The freedom of conscience is a fundamental freedom, which belongs to the nature of the human being. The degree of protection of this freedom determines the essence of any political regime, the violation of freedom of conscience being the main indicator of a totalitarian regime. Contrary to apparent simplicity, the freedom of conscience is a complex and multidimensional notion. For centuries, philosophers, historians and lawyers have given multiple meanings to its theoretical perception. However, the components of this notion, such as "freedom" and "consciousness", have always been considered as conjugate and interdependent. The content of the concept of the "freedom of conscience" does not appear as a mechanical sum of components, but has its own meaning, determined by its multidimensional nature. The complexity of the category of the freedom of conscience conditions the possibility to identify several aspects of it: ethical-moral, philosophical, sociological, political, atheistic, religious and legal.
Correlation of the local criminal legislation with the bioethical problems
Authors:   University of European Studies of Moldova, Cuciurca Angela
Published: December 2021

The actuality of the approached subject results from the interest shown in knowing the correlation of the local criminal legislation with the problems of bioethics. The correct application of the criminal provisions in force in relation to bioethics, can help the sick man, but especially it can ensure the further healthy development of the human species. This is necessary in order to defend, protect and possibly heal any man, meaning by this the obligation to improve the quality of life through appropriate medical measures to prevent, combat, support and protect the population.
Some current objectives and the main role of judicial psychology in modern society
Authors:   University of European Studies of Moldova, Ostrovari Petru
Published: December 2021

Legal psychology is an interdisciplinary field related to general psychology, social psychology and the science of law and is concerned with the issues of the human aspects of jurisprudence. The psychological nature of legal issues indicates the needs for and the importance of review theoretical and practical-applied objectives. The purpose of this article is to examine the classical objectives of legal psychology, to identify new objectives and to elucidate the main role of forensic psychology in modern society. The results obtained by the method of comprehensive analysis and narrative description indicate the importance of emphasizing the role of interdisciplinary investigations in forensic psychology adjusted to reality, identifying new paradigms and specific methodologies for studying behavior in the judicial process. Studies in forensic psychology that refer to the problems caused by the decisions of the judge or defendant and the identified solutions have extended to the psychology of consent, which indicates the need for epistemological and methodological updating of the object of study in legal psychology.
Republic of Moldova: tax aspects favorable to Romanian investors and not only
Authors: Sasu Horatiu
Published: December 2021

The paper seeks to develop some aspects of taxation in the Republic of Moldova that could be arguments for state bodies in the Republic of Moldova in their efforts to attract Romanian investors or elsewhere.
The importance deliberative practices in dfemocratisation of politics
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Sprincean Serghei , Pirtac Grigore ,   University of European Studies of Moldova, Mihalas Victoria ,   University of European Studies of Moldova
Published: December 2021

The importance deliberation models in the formation and streamlining of political democratization is crucial in the context of deepening of the global crisis. In the article are emphasized several important aspects regarding the specific of the contemporary global crisis in the perspective of better institutionalization and instrumentalization of normative and deliberation-election components of political democratization. The stringent necessity of overcoming the global menaces imprint a special character to the political processes such as elections or public deliberations, creating new forms of political behavior. These political processes have to be better organized and more efficient in the way to fulfill functional goals of the strategy of overcoming global crisis. The socio-political, economic, cultural, religious, ethical, mental or technological-communicative differences, with a major impact on living standards, on the quality of life standards in human communities inhabiting planet Earth, contribute to the strengthening of mankind's potential to cope with the most violent and destructive effects and results of the multidimensional global crisis, through the diversity of chances and identities it generates. Moral and legal norms must be respected as well, for minimizing the macro-systemic impact of any types of deflections during democratic deliberations and elections. In this piece of work is discussed as well the contribution of ethical conceptions to the facilitation and increasing of the deliberative liberty as a basic condition of the contemporary processes of democratization of the society. Amplifying of the insecurity at global scale plays a negative role of the adverse social-political environment in the progress of democratization and freedom of political debates and elections.
Features of the comparative analysis of the efficiency of land use at agricultural enterprises
Authors:   Comrat State University, Republic of Moldova, Doudoglo Tatiana , Bessarab Irina ,   Comrat State University, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2021

This work shows the importance of comparing economic indicators in the analysis, it also emphasizes that with the help of comparison we can identify causes and effects, establish trends and patterns, as well as the relationship of economic phenomena and processes, their development and the effectiveness of the use of material, labor and financial resources. Comparison indicators can be presented using absolute, relative and average values. They are widely used in economic calculations. Most often, when comparing economic indicators, calculations are performed to determine their four types: absolute and relative deviations. The latter are shown in three versions. The peculiarities of their calculations are shown on specific examples of two neighboring agricultural enterprises.
Factors involved in the formation of addictive behavior in pre-adolescents
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Romania, Abraham Pavel , Dita Maria ,   Ion Creanga Pedagogical State University, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2021

Because the preadolescent's inner world is still undeveloped and insufficiently enriched by the experience of experiencing critical situations that stand in the way of meeting important needs, his activism, aimed at overcoming them, is not stimulated. Therefore, in difficult situations the preadolescent includes the defense mechanisms. When the mechanisms prove to be inefficient, the body instinctively looks for a way out and often finds it in the external environment. Psychoactive substances can be used as external procedures to defend against the psychotraumatic situation and the vulnerability of preadolescents to drug use is directly related to the fact that drugs have become accessible, the consumption being often associated with the pressure exerted by the group of friends.
Prophylaxis of narcomany in pre-adolescent age
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Romania, Abraham Pavel , Virlan Maria ,   Ion Creanga Pedagogical State University, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2021

Drug use among adolescents and children is a current medical-pedagogical problem. In the prophylaxis and timely detection of drug users and other substances with narcotic effect among students of pre-university institutions are required to participate all persons involved in the education of children and adolescents: educators, pedagogues, parents, doctors. The detection of students using drugs and other substances with narcotic effect must be carried out through the collaboration of the management of pre-university and university educational institutions with narcological institutions, the offices for adolescents in polyclinics and the police [6].
Assessment and description of phobias among teenagers in schools of selected areas.
Authors: Gore Virat Shankar
Published: December 2021

Objectives: 1. To assess phobias among teenagers in selected schools. 2. To describe phobias among teenagers in selected schools. 3. To find association between selected demographic variables and study finding. Material and Methods: The research approach adopted in this study is Mixed approach. Quantitative Non-experimental Descriptive Qualitative Phenomenological design was used. The sample were selected by Probability stratified random sampling technique. sample size was 100. Results: 1. According to 8% of the teenagers did not had phobia (score 0-8), 32% of them had mild phobia (score 9-16), 27% of them had moderate phobia (score 17-24), 21% of them had severe phobia (Score 25-32) and12% of them had very severe phobia (Score 33- 40). 2. Summative analysis shows that the most of teenage students are having Fear of Height, Fear of Water, Fear of Flying, Social Phobia, Fear of Animals, Fear of Dog, Fear of blood. Few of having some of having Fear of thunder, Fear of Alone, Fear of Disease, Fear of snakes, Fear of Night, Fear of Pain, Monophobia, Fear of Doctor, Fear of fire. Conclusion: Majority of teenagers having mild phobia, that may be any type for e.g. having Fear of Height, Fear of Water, Fear of Flying, Social Phobia, Fear of Animals, Fear of Dog, Fear of blood. Few of having some of having Fear of thunder, Fear of Alone, Fear of Disease, Fear of snakes, Fear of Night, Fear of Pain, Monophobia, Fear of Doctor, Fear of fire.
Lesson Learned During Covid-19 Pandemic: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities in Nursing Education – A Review
Authors: K Radha. , N. Vijayanarayanan , K Sri Devi. , Kondaguli Sharat. V.
Published: December 2021

Nursing training is a combination of both theoretical and practical learning experiences that enable nursing students to acquire the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor components for providing nursing care. World Health Day, an annual event organized by WHO, stated that this year is focused on supporting nurses and midwives, many of whom are serving on the frontlines of the COVID-19 response. Globally, COVID-19 has huge impact on academic delivery and adds a further degree of complexity to nursing education due to temporary lock down because most countries have suspended face-to-face teaching/physical class room teaching. Thus, they had to find new alternatives to academic delivery, and virtual classes/on-line mode were the ways forward. In present search, it has attempted to explore the impact of covid-19, challenges and opportunities in nursing education which influences the different aspects of academic activity. It has accelerate the academic delivery by using variety of online platforms and learning management system such as Google class room, Google meet, Google hangout, Zoom meetings, Microsoft team, Cisco webex meeting, go to webinar, you tube streaming, Google duo, college website, social media platforms such as face book groups, whatsApp, telegram etc. Covid-19 has provided a lot challenges and opportunities to learner, educator, university, organization, and evaluation system and research activities. The lesson learned from covid-19 is converting those challenges into opportunities by learning and adopting with advanced technology in teaching-learning; blended learning; team work; promoting for trans/ inter/ multidisciplinary collaborative education; integrating innovative method of teaching, sharing and facilitating right kind of information, are enhancing ways of quality of education during crisis (lock down) situation and further new-normal situation.
Vận dụng mô hình lớp học đảo ngược trong giảng dạy học phần Phương pháp dạy học Toán theo hướng phát triển năng lực tự học của sinh viên ngành Giáo dục Tiểu học
Authors: Lê Duy Cường
Published: December 2021

Trong bài viết này, tác giả đã phân tích bản chất và đặc trưng của mô hình lớp học đảo ngược và khả năng vận dụng mô hình này trong giảng dạy học phần Phương pháp dạy học Toán theo hướng phát triển năng lực tự học của sinh viên. Qua nghiên cứu và kết quả thực nghiệm đã chỉ ra rằng việc vận dụng mô hình “lớp học đảo ngược” trong giảng dạy học phần Phương pháp dạy học Toán không chỉ tạo hứng thú, nâng cao kết quả học tập mà còn giúp sinh viên phát triển năng lực tự học.
Nhu cầu học trực tuyến của sinh viên Trường Cao đẳng Cộng đồng Bình Thuận mùa dịch Covid-19
Authors: Lê Thị Yến Trang , Đặng Thị Thanh Hậu
Published: December 2021

Đại dịch Covid-19 đã và đang diễn ra tại các quốc gia nói chung và Việt Nam nói riêng, tác động mạnh mẽ đến hoạt động giáo dục. Trong bối cảnh này, tất cả các cơ sở giáo dục đều phải có giải pháp đối phó. Một trong những giải pháp đó là thực hiện đào tạo trực tuyến toàn thời gian. Nghiên cứu này nhằm tìm hiểu những nhu cầu, mong đợi của 265 SV chính quy tại trường Cao đẳng Cộng đồng Bình Thuận nếu được học trực tuyến hoàn toàn trong thời gian phòng chống dịch bệnh. Nghiên cứu sẽ chọn lọc các yếu tố cụ thể và phù hợp của Selim (2007) vào trong khung các nhóm chung của Daniel và Yi-Shun (2008) gồm 3 nhóm yếu tố chính ảnh hưởng đến nhu cầu học tập trực tuyến, đó là Giao diện người dùng, Cộng đồng học tập và Nội dung và cá nhân hóa. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy sự khác biệt về nhu cầu học trực tuyến và xác định có 6 loại khó khăn mà sinh viên thường gặp nhất nếu trải nghiệm học trực tuyến hoàn toàn. Từ đó có sự chuẩn bị chu đáo hơn để việc dạy và học trực tuyến đạt hiệu quả cao.
Neurosyphilis causing stroke in young adult: a case report
Authors: Gonçalves Victoria Veiga Ribeiro , Risso Isabela Fonseca , Alves Pedro Vinícius Brito , Silva Guilherme Diogo , Pereira Jorge Fernando de Miranda , Silveira Coralia Gabrielle Vieira , Silva Paula Baleeiro Rodrigues , Fernandez Paulo Eduardo Lahoz , Barboza Ingrid Caroline Freitas , Adoni Tarso , Mutareli Eduardo Genaro
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Up to 10% of strokes affect people under 45 years old. Syphilis is most common in adults. Fourteen percent of neurosyphilis cases have stroke its first manifestation. Objectives: To discuss neurosyphilis as an overlooked etiology for stroke. Design and setting: The case occurred in a public secondary care hospital located in São Paulo - Brazil. Methods: We present a case report of a 28-year-old woman brought to the emergency department due to acute ataxia. Previous history shows stroke at the age of 20 years old. Brain MRI showed ischemia in both cerebellar hemispheres, pons and midbrain. Arterial angiography showed segmental basilar artery stenosis. Serum laboratory tests showed Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) of 1:128. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed 117 cells (predominantly lymphomononuclear), protein 81 mg/ dl, normal glucose and VDRL of 1:8, confirming neurosyphilis. Treatment with intravenous penicillin led to partial improvement in ataxia before discharge. Discusion: A high percentage (up to 80%) of diagnostical errors is expected when stroke is caused by neurosyphilis. Misdiagnosis may compromise secondary prevention. It is possible that the first stroke was also caused by neurosyphilis in our patient. The involvement of the vertebrobasilar territory occurs in 25% of patients with meningovascular neurosyphilis. Basilar stenosis is typical for neurosyphilis. Conclusion: Stroke in young adults should include VDRL to screen for neurosyphilis. If positive, it should indicate a CSF exam.
The Efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pellegrin Guilherme Rufino Marques , Egídio Arthur Neves , Teixeira Alexandre Jahara Moreira Gomes , Cyranka Carolina Mendonça , Oliveira Diogo Abrantes de , Rezende Enzo Tibiriçá de , Maior Larissa Rodrigues Sotto- , Caires Nathália Vieira , Miquelito Vanessa Teixeira , Cruz Leandro Souza
Published: December 2021

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising adjuvant therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) in intermediate and advanced states, improving motor symptoms and life quality. Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of DBS in PD treatment. Design and Setting: Systematic review performed on medical school in Brazil. Methods: A literature review in the MedLine database was conducted using the following descriptors: “Deep Brain Stimulation”, “Parkinson’s Disease” and its variations according to MeSH. Only randomized controlled trials conducted in humans and published in English in the last 10 years were included. The PRISMA statement was used to improve this systematic review’s findings. Results: Three clinical trials that evaluated the effects of DBS in PD’s management were analysed. The main result measurement tools used in the studies were the PDQ-39-SI and UPDRS-III scores. Hacked ML et al. (2018) concluded that drug therapy + DBS was significantly superior to isolated drug therapy (p <0.0002). Schuepbach WMM et al. (2019) found that the experimental group presented significantly better outcomes in comparison to the control group (p <0,05). Birchall EL et al. (2016) suggested that the DBS device implant in the subthalamic nucleus caused significant improvement in depressive symptoms, motor symptoms, quality of sleep (p <0.0001) and quality of life (p=0.0005) in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: DBS has shown to be an efficient therapy for PD, once it promoted better outcomes regarding motor symptoms, depression, quality of life and quality of sleep. However, it is necessary to be aware of eventual side effects in the post-operative period.
Tau protein and its role in Alzheimer’s disease physiopathology: a literature review
Authors: Stork Larissa Rosa , Ribeiro Lucca Stephani , Deprá Izabella Savergnini , Camargo Luísa D’Ávila , Novaes Maria Angélica Santos
Published: December 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a double proteinopathy: deposition of amyloid-β into plaques and hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein. Objectives: To understand the genetic and molecular aspects of Tau protein and its relationship with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using Pubmed/ MEDLINE and ClinicalKey databases, applying the descriptors: “Alzheimer Disease” AND “Tau proteins’’ AND Tauopathies, during July and August of 2020. The inclusion criteria were English and Portuguese articles published between 2015 and 2020, with human limited study and free full text, excluding images, books, clinical tests, and narrative reviews. After analyzing titles and abstracts, we selected 12 articles and included 7 additional studies. Results: Mapt, the encoder gene of Tau, is located in the 17q21.3 locus and presents 16 exons that, when transcripted, originates 12 copies of mRNA by alternative splicing and 6 Tau’s isoforms. Tau is a microtubule-associated protein (MAP) responsible for cellular cytoskeleton stabilization and maintenance, promoting neuronal axonal transport. A kinase-phosphatase imbalance turns Tau hyperphosphorylated, disassociating it from tubulin and grouping it into insoluble paired helical filaments, which originates neurofibrillary tangles. The tauopathy’s progress causes neurotransmitter destabilization and neuronal death, inducing AD symptomatic manifestations. Conclusions: Due to the gradual worsening of the disease to more debilitating stages, studies focused on deepening the knowledge of genetic and molecular aspects of Tau protein are viable and promising alternatives to improve the quality of patient’s lives.
The relationship of diabetes mellitus with Alzheimer’s disease: a literature review
Authors: Nogueira Fábio Dias , Alves Ana Klara Rodrigues , Silva Barbara Beatriz Lira da , Alves Ana Kamila Rodrigues , Sousa Marlilia Moura Coelho , Alves Ana Karla Rodrigues , Nery Wanderson da Silva , Almeida Breno Carvalho de , Nogueira Flávia Dias , Véras Leiz Maria Costa
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is closely related to diabetes mellitus (DM), and AD is also considered to be type 3 diabetes (T3D). Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) may be the potential link between DM and AD. GSK-3β is one of the main factors that lead to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, and insulin resistance is a characteristic of the development of DM. In AD, GSK-3β plays an important role in hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein (tau) associated with microtubules, which is one of the pathological features in AD. Objective: To analyze DM as a factor for the development of AD. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative review of the literature, which is a construction of a comprehensive analysis of the literature with pre-defined steps, carried out through PubMed, 1.501 articles were found, of which 10 were selected, through the simultaneous crossing between the descriptors “Diabetes mellitus”, “Alzheimer “. Articles written in Portuguese and English published between 2016 and 2021 were inserted. Results: DM associated with insulin resistance affects psychomotor efficiency, attention, learning memory, mental flexibility, speed and executive function of the brain, thus being an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and damage to the central nervous system, hyperglycemia, which can cause increased oxidative stress leading to progressive functional and structural abnormalities in the brain. Conclusion:The risk of dementia in patients with DM is higher than in nondiabetic patients and it is also well known that DM2 / insulin resistance is involved in AD.
Different names for stroke: same concept?
Authors: Silva Júnior Mário Luciano de Mélo da , Vilanova Marcos Vinícius de Souza , Oliveira Matheus Franco Andrade
Published: December 2021

Background: In Brazil, a number of names are used to refer to a stroke event, such as “spill”, “thrombosis”, and “beginning of stroke”. Objective: To analyze the attitudes (call to the emergency service and refer a hospital as the best treatment site) of individuals who identify a “stroke setting” in comparison to other terms.Design and setting: Cross-sectional study involving 1,477 individuals (36,4±14.8years, 52.5% female, 13,0±4,4 schooling years) from Brazil’s northeastern.Methods: We applied a survey to volunteers who were on public areas. The researcher exposed the volunteers to a typical case of stroke and asked “what is happening with this person?”, “what should you do in this situation” and “what is the best place to medically treat this person?”Results: 825/1477 (55.9%) answered “stroke”, 26.4% “spill”, 7.7% “infarction” and 2.6% “thrombosis”; 16.9% did not define what happened. Calling to the emergency service was the attitude of 592 (40.1%). A hospital was the best place for 75.4%. Individuals who answered “spill” were more often men (p<.001), nonwhite (p=.050), from Bahia state (p<.001) and had fewer years of education (p=.001). Individuals who answered “thrombosis” and “beginning of stroke” were older (p=.046) and of poorer education (p=.026). The answer to “what to do” and “best place for treatment” was not different among any of these groups. Conclusion: Despite demographic and regional differences in how to name a stroke event, the idea related to them is the same. Awareness campaigns should use other terms than stroke to improve the comprehension of lay population.
Application of the proposed flowchart for assessing intracranial compliance with a non-invasive b4c sensor in the management of critical patients
Authors: Frigieri Gustavo , Venancio Marina , Bremer Carlos , Peixoto Elaine
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Volume variations that result in increases in intracranial pressure (ICP) are directly associated with a reduction in intracranial compliance (ICC) and its non-invasive monitoring allows changes to be identified early. Objectives: To evaluate the application of an ICC assessment flowchart in a patient with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: This is a case report of the application of the ICC assessment flowchart to a patient with TBI. Results: 40-year-old male patient with TBI, subarachnoid hematoma. The first monitoring showed a curve with an altered ICC, a P2/P1 ratio of 1.2, suggesting a reduction in the ICC, with the presence of Lundberg B waves, and the administration of rocuronium bromide started. After 24 hours, it presented a P2/P1 ratio of 0.88, suggesting adequate ICC, the medical team opted to reduce norepinephrine and sedation. On the following day, the patient was agitated, saturating 86%, blood pressure 113 x 60 mmHg, and a P2/P1 ratio of 1.08, suggesting a reduction in ICC. The clinical team deepened the sedation, resulting in decrease a P2/P1 ratio to 0.73, suggesting a possible risk to low cerebral blood flow, resulting in a new adjustment of sedation and ventilatory parameters, evolving with hemodynamic improvement and a P2/P1 ratio of 0.82, suggesting adequate ICC. Conclusions: The flowchart guided the medical team to use the information of ICP curve by the non-invasive sensor, supporting clinical decision making and improving the quality of the patient care and safety.
Magnetic resonance and its diagnostic accuracy of glioblastoma: narrative review
Authors: Dantas Pedro da Cunha , Almendro Lucas Pablo , Silva Ana Caroline Fonseca , Silva André Douglas Marinho da
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal Central Nervous System (CNS) malignant cancer, and the exclusion of differential diagnoses - eg primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) - often occurs via various Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methodologies. Objective: To describe which best image sequences are critical for greater accuracy in the diagnosis of GBM and for their distinction from other CNS tumors. Methods: This is a literature narrative review, initiated by research in Pubmed database, using associated Key words: “Glioblastoma” and “Magnetic Resonance”; and filters: systematic reviews + last 5 years publications. Productions that didn’t meet the objective were discarded. Results: MRI has accuracy for diagnosing GBM using the combination T2 + FLAIR + T1 with pre and post-gadolinic contrast. Diffusion and perfusion-weighted MRI association show an improvement in specificity. Computed tomography is used when MRI is unviable, identifying calcifications or hemorrhages and determining the lesion location and surgical potential. Also, spectroscopic MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and PET 18F-FDG, and 11C-MET were reported as important additional diagnostic criteria. Diffusion MRI (DWI) is a non-invasive, convenient, economical, and quick procedure when compared to GBM biopsy. Therefore, adding reliable evidence for moderate differentiation between GBM and PCNSL through DWI. Conclusion: Reliable methods are needed for GBM accurate diagnosis and its differential diagnoses, using at least T2 + FLAIR + T1, and physiological exams to enhance specificity.
Gamification as a Neurology Teaching Method
Authors: Souza Gregory Lauar e , Souza Flávio Henrique Batista de , Reis Marconi Augusto Aguiar dos , Dorim Raoni Aldrich , Gonçalves Elisângela Cristine Oliveira , Floriano Ana Luiza Silva , Tavares Bruna de Souza , Oliveira André Magalhães de , Ribeiro Daniela Da Guarda , Sá Felipe Gonçalves de , Lacerda Júlia Orlandi , Caetano Leandra Vieira , Augusto Ludmila Rodrigues , Santos Maria Luiza Costa , Viana Otávio Reis , Soares Alef Santos , Medeiros Felipe Ferreira de , Figuereido Amanda Luiza Alves , Calderón Sergio Alfredo Hidalgo , Puell María José Rojas , Chauca Andrea del Carmen Quispe
Published: December 2021

Background: Digital games play an important role in the learning process, and are used to teach languages and train surgeons. Based on theoretical frameworks that prove the relevance of games in teaching, we began developing a computer game that simulates a hospital, so that medical students could analyze clinical cases from different areas of medical science, including neurology, while playing a game. Objectives: Create a game to teach medicine in a ludic manner. Design and Setting: The game is being developed by Doctors, Programmers, Engineers, students of Medicine, Information Technology (IT), Design and Architecture from Brazil and Peru, in a startup incubator from Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte, in partnership with the Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru. Methods: Medical students, under the supervision of Doctors, defined behavioral algorithms, based on Brazilian guidelines, and outcomes (i.e. gain or loss of points, clinical improvement or worsening) addressing different topics in Medicine. Design students created the artistic elements. IT students programmed the prototype of the game using Unity software. Results: An expandable minimum viable product was obtained, with artistic elements of two characters, one being a non-playable character, a scenario, and a dialogue script based on a clinical examination of a patient. Conclusion: The software is running, with the launch of the pre-alpha version in December 2021. A scoring system will be included for qualitative assessment of the player, as well as feedback reports to educate the player. We speculate this game will improve accuracy and clinical skills of medical students.
Optic neuropathy secondary to probable optic nerve glioma: case report
Authors: Souza Mariana Gurgel Carvalho de , Dantas Deibi Solano de Araújo , Nascimento Júnior Luciano Gonçalves do , Espínola Paulo Francisco Lucena de Araújo , Evangelista Isabella Wanderley de Queiroga
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Optic neuropathies are a group of pathologies that course with potentially irreversible visual dysfunction. Among compressive causes, optic nerve glioma (GNO) is one of the main ones. Case report: A 12-year-old black school-age female patient seen in February 2020, reported progressive low visual acuity on the right eye (RE) for 6 years. Ectoscopy revealed café au lait spots all over body and hyperchromic nodular lesion in left axilla. Ophthalmologic examination showed acuity of 20/400 in RE and 20/20 in the left eye (LE), relative afferent pupillary defect in RE. At biomicroscopy, irian Lisch nodules. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed fusiform thickening of intraorbital portion of right optic nerve (ON) with mild enhancement upon gadolinium infusion. Optic neuropathy was secondary to probable GNO. Ophthalmology and neurology management was expectant. Upon return, patient reported intermittent headache and functional and aesthetic discomfort due to axillary lesion, and presented a new MRI with findings similar to the first. Simple retinography showed global pallor in right ON and temporal pallor of left ON. Conclusion: The case presented, in which delay in access to specialized care resulted in blindness, highlights the importance of ophthalmologic screening in NF1. Manifestations resulting from the syndrome, with biopsychosocial repercussions, emphasize importance of multidisciplinary care.
Modelo de aplicación orientada a la Web 4.0 en el rendimiento académico del estudiante en Educación Superior
Authors: Mendoza Jurado Helmer Fellman
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de proponer un modelo de Machine Learning (Aprendizaje Automático) con base a la Web 4.0, la cual subyace en una relación intrínseca entre un modelo de Reglas de Asociación y un modelo de árbol de decisión que busca generar un resultado predictivo para la alerta temprana en el rendimiento académico del estudiante en educación superior, siendo reflejado por inercia en las calificaciones que cuantifican al aprendizaje en distintas asignaturas que son objeto de estudio, principalmente desde la potencialidad que trae el algoritmo Apriori, que logra una baja eficiencia de recorrido frecuente de conjuntos y elementos, buscando relaciones causales de elementos frecuentes basadas en reglas de asociación y árboles de decisión. Sin embargo, existen claras dependencias entre asignaturas, niveles, el entorno social y cultural del estudiante. Asimismo, establecer que la principal motivación del proceso de investigación busca generar un modelo que proporcione una orientación académica precisa, que pueda mejorar de manera efectiva la calidad en la gestión del aprendizaje de las personas, siendo esto de gran importancia para el rendimiento académico del estudiante. Además, que pretende coadyuvar en la experiencia educativa a nivel superior, siendo que, en la actualidad, la tecnología proporciona una inmejorable oportunidad de buscar un sistema educativo más efectivo y moderno, incluso en comparación con otros algoritmos de Inteligencia Artificial, que caracteriza a la Web 4.0.
Taşova (Amasya) Yöresinde Yetiştirilen ‘Ekmek’ Ayva Çeşidinin Fiziksel ve Biyokimyasal Özellikleri
Authors: BALTA Mehmet Fikret , KARAKAYA Orhan , YAMAN İzzet , UZUN Serkan , KIRKAYA Hüseyın
Published: December 2021

Çalışma, Amasya ili Taşova ilçesinde yetiştirilen ‘Ekmek’ ayva çeşidinin fiziksel ve biyokimyasal özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada meyve ağırlığı 305.43 g, meyve eti sertliği 62.50 N, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı %11.64, titre edilebilir asitlik %0.83, C vitamini içeriği 11.60 mg/100 ml, glikoz içeriği 3.10 g/100 ml, sukroz içeriği 1.87 g/100 ml, fruktoz içeriği 7.62 g/100 ml, toplam fenolik 121.8 mg/100 g, toplam flavonoid 18.4 mg/100 g, antioksidan aktivitesi DPPH testine göre 0.46 mmol/100 g ve FRAP testine göre 2.67 mmol/100 g olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ‘Ekmek’ ayva çeşidinin insan sağlığına faydalı ve hastalıklara karşı koruyucu bir etkiye sahip olan fenolikler ve antioksidanlar bakımından zengin olduğu belirlenmiştir.
A SYSTEM APPROACH TO ASSESSMENT AND GOAL SETTING WITHIN ENERGY SECURITY SPHERE
Authors: Sukhodolia Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

In the paper are explored the problems of energy security description (as an object of control and regulation) as well as assessment parameters definition. The review of the existing theoretical approaches to the description of energy security is conducted; the modern tendencies of the development of theoretical models in this field are shown. The evolution of the development of conceptual approaches to the study of energy security has been supplemented by projecting transition to an open interacting systems (ecosystems) concept. There is proposed the new model for energy security description, based on systematic approach methodology. There have been proposed the approach to designate a set of parameters for energy security assessment which reflects «integrity», «structure», «functions», «relationships», «processes», «material» of the system. The proposed approach to description of a country’s energy security provides an option to assess the state (as a set of static parameters that reflect the perception of the system by external observer) and the ability of the system to develop and respond to threats (as a set of indicators that reflect the functions and processes within the system). Emphasis is made on the need to separate a goal setting in energy security (as an object of control and regulation) as a process and stage of strategic planning procedure within the national security framework. The importance of taking into account the subject’s outlook (public management values that reflect the political and economic model of governance) in the process of goal setting was emphasized. The model of subjectivism reduction in goal setting is proposed, due to the incorporation of the energy security system into the larger system.
Стан розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні: шлях протягом 30-ти років та ключові аспекти 2021 року
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Тищенко Ю. А. , Литвиненко О. М. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Михайлова О. Ю. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Каплан Ю. Б. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Горєлов Д. М. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Корнієвський О. А. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Палій Г. О. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Пеліванова Н. І. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень
Published: December 2021

Висвітлено актуальні аспекти вдосконалення нормативно-правових засад розвитку громадянського суспільства в 2020-2021 рр., наявні проблеми і завдання, питання забезпечення фінансової спроможності інститутів громадянського суспільства (ІГС), роль ІГС у процесах формування та реалізації державної політики. Проаналізовано роль ІГС у сприянні культурному розвитку і збереженні культурної спадщини як важливих елементів відродження та суспільної реінтеграції. Подано інформацію про участь ІГС у реалізації інструментів прямої демократії на місцевому рівні, що набуває подальшої актуальності відповідно до процесів децентралізації. Розраховано на державних службовців і посадових осіб органів місцевого самоврядування, політиків і експертів, усіх, хто виявляє інтерес до проблематики ствердження громадянського суспільства в Україні як гарантії її демократичного розвитку.