bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Damage Identification Method for a Large-Span Timber Lattice Shell Structure in Taiyuan Botanical Garden based on Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Xu Chenjia , Zhang Shujia , Zhou Zichun , Zhang Liang , Qiu Bin , Wan Jia , Lei Honggang
Published: July 2023

Large-span spatial lattice structures generally have characteristics such as incomplete modal information, high modal density, and high degrees of freedom. To address the problem of misjudgment in the damage detection of large-span spatial structures caused by these characteristics, this paper proposed a damage identification method based on time series models. Firstly, the order of the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model was selected based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Then, the long autoregressive method was used to estimate the parameters of the ARMA model and extract the residual sequence of the autocorrelation part of the model. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) was introduced to reduce the dimensionality of the model while retaining the characteristic values. Finally, the Mahalanobis distance (MD) was used to construct the damage sensitive feature (DSF). The dome of Taiyuan Botanical Garden in China is one of the largest non-triangular timber lattice shells worldwide. Relying on the structural health monitoring (SHM) project of this structure, this paper verified the effectiveness of the damage identification model through numerical simulation and determined the damage degree of the dome structure through SHM measurement data. The results demonstrated that the proposed damage identification method can effectively identify the damage of large-span timber lattice structures, locate the damage position, and estimate the degree of damage. The constructed DSF had relatively strong robustness to small damage and environmental noise and has practical application value for SHM in engineering.
A Lightweight Monocular 3D Face Reconstruction Method Based on Improved 3D Morphing Models
Authors: You Xingyi , Wang Yue , Zhao Xiaohu
Published: July 2023

In the past few years, 3D Morphing Model (3DMM)-based methods have achieved remarkable results in single-image 3D face reconstruction. However, high-fidelity 3D face texture generation has been successfully achieved with this method, which mostly uses the power of deep convolutional neural networks during the parameter fitting process, which leads to an increase in the number of network layers and computational burden of the network model and reduces the computational speed. Currently, existing methods increase computational speed by using lightweight networks for parameter fitting, but at the expense of reconstruction accuracy. In order to solve the above problems, we improved the 3D deformation model and proposed an efficient and lightweight network model: Mobile-FaceRNet. First, we combine depthwise separable convolution and multi-scale representation methods to fit the parameters of a 3D deformable model (3DMM); then, we introduce a residual attention module during network training to enhance the network’s attention to important features, guaranteeing high-fidelity facial texture reconstruction quality; and, finally, a new perceptual loss function is designed to better address smoothness and image similarity for the smoothing constraints. Experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can not only achieve high-precision reconstruction under the premise of lightweight, but it is also more robust to influences such as attitude and occlusion.
Analyzing Driving Factors of Soil Alkalinization Based on Geodetector—A Case in Northeast China
Authors: Bai Lin , Zhou Jia , Luo Jinming , Dou Hongshuang , Zhang Ye
Published: July 2023

The Songnen Plain of Northeast China is one of the three largest soda saline–alkaline regions in the world. To better understand soil alkalinization in this important agricultural region of China, it is vital to explore the driving factors of soil alkalinity. Combined with prior research on the Wuyu’er–Shuangyang River Basin, this study examined the driving factors of soil alkalinity using the Geodetector method. First, the analysis results of the risk detector, the factor detector, and the ecological detector revealed the primary driving factors of soil alkalinity in the study area. Next, the analysis results of the interaction detector determined how combinations of driving factors impacted soil alkalinity in the study area. In general, the natural driving factors of altitude and spring temperature, especially altitude, played a key role in soil alkalinization. These results indicated that the closed terrain and warming trends were the main causes of soil alkalinization in the study area. In addition, there were significant enhance-nonlinear and enhance-bivariate relationships among the driving factors, which indicated that combined driving factors contributed more to soil alkalinization than individual driving factors.
Comparative Cradle-to-Grave Carbon Footprint of a CFRP-Grid Reinforced Concrete Façade Panel
Authors: Backes Jana Gerta , Schmidt Laura , Bielak Jan , Del Rosario Pamela , Traverso Marzia , Claßen Martin
Published: July 2023

Due to climate change and current efforts to reduce emissions in the construction sector, this study evaluates and discusses the results of a comparative cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), with a main focus on Global Warming Potential for functionally equivalent carbon-reinforced concrete (CRC) and steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) façade panels for the first time. The novelty of this study is the focus on construction waste and, in particular, the worst-case application of non-recycled construction waste. The use of CRC requires a lower concrete thickness than SRC because the carbon fiber reinforcement does not corrode, in contrast to steel reinforcement. Façade panels of the same geometrical dimensions and structural performance were defined as functional units (FU). Assuming an End-of-Life (EoL) scenario of 50% landfill and 50% recycling, the Global Warming Potential (GWP, given in CO2 equivalent (CO2e)) of the CRC façade (411–496 kg CO2e) is shown to perform better than or equal to the SRC façade (492 kg CO2e). Changing the assumption of CRC to a worst-case scenario, going fully to landfill and not being recycled (single life cycle), turns the GWP results in favor of the SRC façade. Assuming a 50-year service life for the SRC façade panel and relativizing the emissions to the years, the more durable CRC façade performs much better. Finally, depending on the system boundary, the assumed EoL and lifetime, CRC can represent a lower-emission alternative to a functionally equivalent component made of SRC. The most important and “novel” result in this study, which also leads to future research opportunities, is that delicate adjustments (especially concerning EoL scenarios and expected service life) can lead to completely different recommendations for decision-makers. Only by combining the knowledge of LCA experts, structural engineers, and builders optimal decisions can be made regarding sustainable materials and building components.
Exploring Interacting Effects of Forest Restoration on Wildfire Risk, Hydropower, and Environmental Flows
Authors: Bryant Benjamin P. , Maurer Tessa , Saksa Philip C. , Herman Jonathan D. , Wilson Kristen N. , Smith Edward
Published: July 2023

Forest fires in the western U.S. are increasing in size and intensity, partly due to overstocked forests, a legacy of fire exclusion. Forest restoration can mitigate fire severity and improve ecological health, but funding poses challenges to meaningfully scaling restoration efforts. Co-benefits of restoration can expand the funding options for forest management. In particular, streamflow enhancement may justify financial participation from water and hydroelectric utilities and environmental organizations. However, most efforts to estimate the value of this benefit do not account for interacting effects of restoration, fire, and operational constraints, including environmental flows. To address this, we coupled multiple models using generalizable techniques in order to quantify the impact of restoration on fire behavior, water yield, and hydropower generation in a California reservoir system subject to real-world constraints. The modeled results show water yield benefits from treatment alone, with greater benefits accruing with a return of low-intensity fire. Average annual runoff with treatment increases by 1.67 to 1.95 thousand acre-feet (1.5 to 1.8%) depending on the fire scenario, creating up to 2880 MWh and USD 115,000 of annual generation and revenue. These modest but non-negligible impacts could account for 8.2–15.8% of restoration costs, supporting the co-benefits model to drive investment in forest management.
Households’ Willingness to Pay for Interactive Charging Stations for Vehicle to Grid System in South Korea
Authors: Kim Ju-Hee , Hyun Min-Ki , Yoo Seung-Hoon
Published: July 2023

The South Korean government intends to construct interactive charging stations (ICSs) for a vehicle to grid (V2G) system that uses electric vehicles as a type of energy storage system. This article employs contingent valuation (CV) to examine households’ willingness to pay (WTP) to construct the ICSs. To this end, a CV survey of 1000 people was performed using the one-and-one-half-bound dichotomous choice questioning as the elicitation method for the WTP. To check if the response effect incurred by the questioning exists, a single-bound model, which partly uses the responses from the questioning, was also applied. Furthermore, a spike model which can model WTP observations with lots of zeros was adopted. The single-bound spike model, finally chosen for further analysis, produced some results securing statistical significance. The average household WTP is estimated as KRW 4017 (USD 3.51) per annum. A national version of the yearly WTP is derived as KRW 85.48 billion (USD 74.65 million). Considering that the occurrence period of the annual WTP is 10 years, the total present value as of the end of 2022 is computed as KRW 676.4 billion (USD 590.7 million). This study has significance in two aspects. First, quantitative information on household WTP is explicitly provided. Second, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the household WTP is empirically dealt with for the first time in the literature. In addition, the implications of this value from a policy perspective, as well as four challenges to be solved for constructing ICSs for a V2G system, are discussed.
Exploring Melbourne Metro Train Passengers’ Pre-Boarding Behaviors and Perceptions
Authors: Yang Jie , Shiwakoti Nirajan , Tay Richard
Published: July 2023

The focus on sustainable transportation has increased interest in promoting sustainable modes of transport, such as rail. Understanding train passengers’ behaviors and perceptions is essential to enhance their travel experience and increase train ridership. Pre-boarding behaviors and perceptions are crucial in shaping the overall train travel experience. However, there are limited studies that have developed a systematic framework for investigating train passengers’ pre-boarding behaviors and perceptions. This paper examines the train passenger’s pre-boarding behaviors and perceptions about the station and platform. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach by developing a pre-boarding decision framework and combining it with questionnaire surveys to explore passengers’ behaviors and perceptions on the platform before boarding. A total of 429 valid responses from Melbourne metro train users were used for analysis. Descriptive statistics and correlation techniques were applied to identify patterns and relationships. The findings reveal common pre-boarding behaviors and perceptions. Furthermore, the study uncovers factors influencing these behaviors and perceptions, such as passenger demographics, travel patterns, and specific trip characteristics. For example, carrying large items and travel frequency significantly impact passengers’ travel experience in the pre-boarding phase. Waiting time, group travel, carrying small items, gender, and age group also significantly impact some pre-boarding behavior variables. Travel time, on the other hand, makes no significant impact on any of the pre-boarding variables that we examined. This research provides valuable insights for rail service operators and policymakers to enhance the pre-boarding experience, optimize station design, and improve passenger satisfaction.
The Impact of Green Finance Pilot Policy on Carbon Intensity in Chinese Cities—Based on the Synthetic Control Method
Authors: Feng Libin , Sun Zhengcheng
Published: July 2023

As an innovative and efficient approach, green finance unlocks the potential to achieve China’s carbon peak and neutrality goals. This study takes China’s Green Finance Pilot Scheme as a quasi-natural experience and adopts the synthetic control method to evaluate the carbon intensity reduction effects of the Green Finance Pilot Policy (GFPP) based on the city-level panel data in China from 2008 to 2019. We find that the GFPP significantly reduces the carbon intensity of pilot cities in eastern China, such as Guangzhou, Huzhou, and Quzhou. However, implementing GFPP does not achieve the desired reduction effect in Nanchang and Guiyang situated in central and western China. After multiple robustness tests, it can be proved that the preceding conclusions are robust. The mechanism analysis results show that the GFPP can promote carbon intensity reduction through financial agglomeration and green innovation. This study is conducive to assessing the policy effectiveness of China’s GFPP and provides empirical evidence for promoting green finance system construction in China.
Household Food Waste Awareness in Relation to Motivations
Authors: Giordano Claudia , Di Fiore Gianluca , Alboni Fabrizio , Carloni Elisa , Rivaroli Sergio , Falasconi Luca
Published: July 2023

The current study investigates which motivations to reduce food waste influence respondents’ likelihood to accurately self-assess food waste quantities. Some studies suggest that motivations to prevent household food waste influence respondents’ behaviors, but others highlight that routine and daily life often represent an obstacle to acting consistently. To this end, this study observed if a certain set of motivations actually influences the perceived quantity of food waste produced; in other words, if the motivation to reduce food waste is a driver of coherent behavior and awareness. The results were drawn from weekly food diaries and then compared with online questionnaires run on a sample of 388 households. A random forest has been performed to identify the relevant variables, able to predict the food waste self-assessment. The results show that no specific motivation is related to a better awareness of food waste quantities, nor to the actual waste average.
How Does the Digital Capability Advantage Affect Green Supply Chain Innovation? An Inter-Organizational Learning Perspective
Authors: Qiao Jianqi , Li Suicheng , Xiong Su , Li Na
Published: July 2023

Green supply chain innovation has gained significant attention from academics and practitioners due to its ability to mitigate chain liability risks, meet consumer environmental demands, and create sustainable competitive advantages. Digital technology, a valuable tool for enhancing organizational information processing capabilities, plays a crucial role in promoting successful green supply chain innovation. However, existing research has a limited understanding of how digital capability advantage influences green supply chain innovation. Therefore, based on an inter-organizational learning perspective, this study aims to explore the impact of digital capability advantage on green supply chain innovation and examine the mediating role of green supply chain learning (green supplier learning and green customer learning). The survey results from 221 Chinese manufacturing firms indicate that digital capability advantages contribute directly and positively to green supply chain innovation and also indirectly enhance it through green supplier learning and green customer learning. This study establishes the positive relationship between digital capability advantages and green supply chain innovation and highlights the mediating role of green supplier learning and green customer learning. The research conclusions not only enhance our understanding of the factors and key success paths of green supply chain innovation from a digital perspective but also provide theoretical guidance for its effective implementation in manufacturing firms.
Exploring the Effect of Tour Guide Cultural Interpretation on Tourists’ Loyalty in the Context of the Southern Journey by Emperor Qianlong
Authors: Shi Lei , Ma Jing-Yan , Ann Chul-Ok
Published: July 2023

The southern journey by Emperor Qianlong left behind a wealth of cultural resources in the Jiangnan region. While elucidating the intricate facets of these diverse cultures, the tour guide adeptly fulfills the elevated cultural expectations of the tourists. This, in turn, fosters a deeper sense of attachment and loyalty towards the destination among the tourists. This study investigates the influencing mechanism of tour guide cultural interpretation (TCI) on tourists’ loyalty in the context of the southern tour by Emperor Qianlong. The research was conducted with 416 tourists from tour groups visiting Huishan Ancient Town Scenic Area. The results show that TCI has a direct effect on revisit intention (RI) and has an indirect effect on intention to recommend (IR); both memorable tourism experience (MTE) and place attachment (PA) mediate and serially mediate the association between TCI and tourists’ loyalty. The findings enrich the research on the relationship between tour guides’ interpretation and tourists’ loyalty by including MTE and PA as mediating variables.
A Note on Incompressible Vector Fields
Authors: Bin Turki Nasser
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we use incompressible vector fields for characterizing Killing vector fields. We show that on a compact Riemannian manifold, a nontrivial incompressible vector field has a certain lower bound on the integral of the Ricci curvature in the direction of the incompressible vector field if, and only if, the vector field ξ is Killing. We also show that a nontrivial incompressible vector field ξ on a compact Riemannian manifold is a Jacobi-type vector field if, and only if, ξ is Killing. Finally, we show that a nontrivial incompressible vector field ξ on a connected Riemannian manifold has a certain lower bound on the Ricci curvature in the direction of ξ, and if ξ is also a geodesic vector field, it necessarily implies that ξ is Killing.
The Normalizer of a Lie Group: Applications and Challenges
Authors: Ayala Víctor , Da Silva Adriano , Torreblanca Maria Luisa
Published: July 2023

Let G be a connected Lie group with Lie algebra g. This review is devoted to studying the fundamental dynamic properties of elements in the normalizer NG of G. Through an algebraic characterization of NG, we analyze the different dynamics inside the normalizer. NG contains the well-known left-invariant vector fields and the linear and affine vector fields on G. In any case, we show the shape of the solutions of these ordinary differential equations on G. We give examples in low-dimensional Lie groups. It is worth saying that these dynamics generate the linear and bilinear control systems on Euclidean spaces and the invariant and linear control systems on Lie groups. Moreover, the Jouan Equivalence Theorem shows how to extend this theory to control systems on manifolds.
Spherical Particle Orbits around a Rotating Black Hole in Massive Gravity
Authors: Fathi Mohsen , Villanueva José R. , Cruz Norman
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we present a rotating de Rham–Gabadadze–Tolley black hole with a positive cosmological constant under massive gravity, achieved by applying a modified Newman–Janis algorithm. The black hole exhibited stable orbits of constant radii, prompting a numerical study of the behavior of the solutions to a nonic equation governing the radii of planar orbits around the black hole. Additionally, we investigated the stability of orbits near the event horizon and provide a comprehensive analytical examination of the solutions to the angular equations of motion. This was followed by a simulation of some spherical particle orbits around the black hole.
CXCL17 Attenuates Diesel Exhaust Emissions Exposure-Induced Lung Damage by Regulating Macrophage Function
Authors: Yin Yize , Mu Chaohui , Wang Jiahui , Wang Yixuan , Hu Wenmin , Zhu Wenjing , Yu Xinjuan , Hao Wanming , Zheng Yuxin , Li Qinghai , Han Wei
Published: July 2023

Exposure to diesel exhaust emissions (DEE) is strongly linked to innate immune injury and lung injury, but the role of macrophage chemoattractant CXCL17 in the lung damage caused by DEE exposure remains unclear. In this study, whole-body plethysmography (WBP), inflammatory cell differential count, and histopathological analysis were performed to assess respiratory parameters, airway inflammation, and airway injury in C57BL/6 male mice exposed to DEE for 3 months. qRT-PCR, IHC (immunohistochemistry), and ELISA were performed to measure the CXCL17 expression in airway epithelium or BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) following DEE/Diesel exhaust particle (DEP) exposure. Respiratory parameters, airway inflammation, and airway injury were assessed in CXCL17-overexpressing mice through adeno-associated virus vector Type 5 (AAV5) infection. Additionally, an in vitro THP-1 and HBE co-culture system was constructed. Transwell assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of rh-CXCL17 (recombinant human protein-CXCL17) on THP-1 cell migration. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR were conducted to assess the impacts of rh-CXCL17 on apoptosis and inflammation/remodeling of HBE cells. We found that the mice exposed to DEE showed abnormal respiratory parameters, accompanied by airway injury and remodeling (ciliary injury in airway epithelium, airway smooth muscle hyperplasia, and increased collagen deposition). Carbon content in airway macrophages (CCAM), but not the number of macrophages in BALF, increased significantly. CXCL17 expression significantly decreased in mice airways and HBE after DEE/DEP exposure. AAV5-CXCL17 enhanced macrophage recruitment and clearance of DEE in the lungs of mice, and it improved respiratory parameters, airway injury, and airway remodeling. In the THP-1/HBE co-culture system, rh-CXCL17 increased THP-1 cell migration while attenuating HBE cell apoptosis and inflammation/remodeling. Therefore, CXCL17 might attenuate DEE-induced lung damage by recruiting and activating pulmonary macrophages, which is expected to be a novel therapeutic target for DEE-associated lung diseases.
Lysosomal Membrane Stability of Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) as a Biomarker of Cellular Stress for Environmental Contamination
Authors: Pantea Elena-Daniela , Coatu Valentina , Damir Nicoleta-Alexandra , Oros Andra , Lazar Luminita , Rosoiu Natalia
Published: July 2023

The lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) of hemocytes in wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) as a biomarker of cellular stress for chemical pollution was tested by neutral red retention time (NRRT) assays. To assess the environmental contamination in the study area, seawater quality and pollutant bioaccumulation throughout the soft tissue of mussels were investigated. The samples were collected in July 2022 at four sites on the Romanian Black Sea coast considered to be differently affected by contamination. To support the suitability of LMS as a biomarker of contaminant-induced stress, the contaminant body burdens of the mussels were compared with the NRRT values. The results showed a significantly reduced NRRT in all investigated locations, particularly in port areas (mean retention time between 11 and 14 min). The elevated bioaccumulation of organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and low NRRTs were observed at the most contaminated sites (i.e., ports). The low lysosomal stability reflected stress and damage in the hemocytes of mussels and could be related to the body burdens of contaminants. LMS is an effective indicator of health status in mussels and could be considered a sensitive biomarker of cellular stress induced by contaminant exposure.
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Effects of Lipopeptide Derivatives of Lycosin-I
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Zhang Peng , Liu Yuan , Li Jing , Yang Dongqian , Liu Zhonghua , Jiang Liping
Published: July 2023

Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease. We previously found that Lycosin-I exhibited anti-T. gondii activity, but its serum stability was not good enough. In this study, we aimed to improve the stability and activity of Lycosin-I through fatty acid chain modification, so as to find a better anti-T. gondii drug candidate. The α/ε-amino residues of different lysine residues of Lycosin-I were covalently coupled with lauric acid to obtain eight lipopeptides, namely L-C12, L-C12-1, L-C12-2, L-C12-3, L-C12-4, L-C12-5, L-C12-6, and L-C12-7. Among these eight lipopeptides, L-C12 showed the best activity against T. gondii in vitro in a trypan blue assay. We then conjugated a shorter length fatty chain, aminocaproic acid, at the same modification site of L-C12, namely L-an. The anti-T. gondii effects of Lycosin-I, L-C12 and L-an were evaluated via an invasion assay, proliferation assay and plaque assay in vitro. A mouse model acutely infected with T. gondii tachyzoites was established to evaluate their efficacy in vivo. The serum stability of L-C12 and L-an was improved, and they showed comparable or even better activity than Lycosin-I did in inhibiting the invasion and proliferation of tachyzoites. L-an effectively prolonged the survival time of mice acutely infected with T. gondii. These results suggest that appropriate fatty acid chain modification can improve serum stability and enhance anti-T. gondii effect of Lycosin-I. The lipopeptide derivatives of Lycosin-I have potential as a novel anti-T. gondii drug candidate.
Viral Instant Mutation Viewer: A Tool to Speed Up the Identification and Analysis of New SARS-CoV-2 Emerging Variants and Beyond
Authors: Wilde Vincent , Canard Bruno , Ferron François
Published: July 2023

The appearance of genetic variants impacts vaccination efficiency and therapeutic options, generating a need to map and relate mutations observed in the proteome and the genome. We develop an user-friendly web service software (Viral Instant Mutation Viewer or VIMVer) which allows a direct identification of mutations in the genome and its counterpart in the viral proteome. Since its emergence in 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has generated an overwhelming amount of data while becoming one of the most studied viruses of the Nidovirales order. We originally developed this tool during the COVID pandemic; thus, for any SARS-CoV-2 nucleotide sequence, the web service gives a fast identification, mapping, and display of new mutations simultaneously at the nucleotide and amino acid level in comparison to a reference sequence (Wuhan-1). Furthermore, the lineage or the relative position to the known lineage of the variant of interest is available on the link to Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak LINeages (PANGOLIN COVID-19). The workflow presented here is available online. The source code is released under public license and can be easily adapted for further development to other viruses.
Distinguishing Genetic Drift from Selection in Papillomavirus Evolution
Authors: Burk Robert D. , Mirabello Lisa , DeSalle Robert
Published: July 2023

Pervasive purifying selection on non-synonymous substitutions is a hallmark of papillomavirus genome history, but the role of selection on and the drift of non-coding DNA motifs on HPV diversification is poorly understood. In this study, more than a thousand complete genomes representing Alphapapillomavirus types, lineages, and SNP variants were examined phylogenetically and interrogated for the number and position of non-coding DNA sequence motifs using Principal Components Analyses, Ancestral State Reconstructions, and Phylogenetic Independent Contrasts. For anciently diverged Alphapapillomavirus types, composition of the four nucleotides (A, C, G, T), codon usage, trimer usage, and 13 established non-coding DNA sequence motifs revealed phylogenetic clusters consistent with genetic drift. Ancestral state reconstruction and Phylogenetic Independent Contrasts revealed ancient genome alterations, particularly for the CpG and APOBEC3 motifs. Each evolutionary analytical method we performed supports the unanticipated conclusion that genetic drift and different evolutionary drivers have structured Alphapapillomavirus genomes in distinct ways during successive epochs, even extending to differences in more recently formed variant lineages.
Morphological and Molecular Changes in the Cortex and Cerebellum of Immunocompetent Mice Infected with Zika Virus
Authors: Rengifo Aura Caterine , Rivera Jorge , Álvarez-Díaz Diego Alejandro , Naizaque Julián , Santamaria Gerardo , Corchuelo Sheryll , Gómez Claudia Yadira , Torres-Fernández Orlando
Published: July 2023

Zika virus (ZIKV) disease continues to be a threat to public health, and it is estimated that millions of people have been infected and that there have been more cases of serious complications than those already reported. Despite many studies on the pathogenesis of ZIKV, several of the genes involved in the malformations associated with viral infection are still unknown. In this work, the morphological and molecular changes in the cortex and cerebellum of mice infected with ZIKV were evaluated. Neonatal BALB/c mice were inoculated with ZIKV intraperitoneally, and the respective controls were inoculated with a solution devoid of the virus. At day 10 postinoculation, the mice were euthanized to measure the expression of the markers involved in cortical and cerebellar neurodevelopment. The infected mice presented morphological changes accompanied by calcifications, as well as a decrease in most of the markers evaluated in the cortex and cerebellum. The modifications found could be predictive of astrocytosis, dendritic pathology, alterations in the regulation systems of neuronal excitation and inhibition, and premature maturation, conditions previously described in other models of ZIKV infection and microcephaly.
Experimental Study on the Application of Sludge from Water Treatment Plant as a Reagent for Phosphate Removal from Wastewater
Authors: Kuldeyev Erzhan , Ospanov Kairat , Andraka Dariusz , Merkýreva Snejanna
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the results of laboratory studies on the removal of phosphate in a wastewater treatment plant by adding sludge formed at the water treatment plant (water treatment sludge—WTS) in the city of Astana (Kazakhstan). Raw WTS from the sludge drying beds was used in the study, and the content of chemical compounds present in the dry sludge residue was determined, yielding 10.8–14.6% aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and 4.58–5.31% iron oxide (Fe2O3). The sludge moisture ranged from 90.5 to 95.6%, and the ash content ranged from 51.3 to 63.9%. The raw sludge from the WTP was added to the wastewater collected before the sand trap and after biological treatment. On the basis of the obtained test results, it was found that the effect of phosphate removal depended primarily on the sludge dose and was above 90% when adding 50 mL of sludge to 1 L of sewage. To a lesser extent, the effect of phosphate removal was dependent on the contact time of the sludge with the wastewater and the place where the wastewater sample was taken.
Impact of Riparian Buffer Zone Design on Surface Water Quality at the Watershed Scale, a Case Study in the Jinghe Watershed in China
Authors: Liu Cong , Qu Liqin , Clausen John , Lei Tingwu , Yang Xiusheng
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of riparian buffer zones on water quality in the Jinghe watershed, China. To evaluate the effectiveness of riparian buffers in reducing sediments and nutrients in surface runoff, we employed two validated models: the agricultural non-point source pollution model (AnnAGNPS) and the riparian ecosystem management model (REMM). The AnnAGNPS was used to divide the catchment into homogeneous drainage areas and generate upland loadings for the REMM. The REMM model was then utilized to assess the impact of different riparian buffer designs on sediments and nutrient reduction in surface runoff. We tested five designs, including the recommended standard design by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). This design with 20 m herbaceous perennials next to the field (Zone 3), followed by a 20 m wide harvestable deciduous forest in the middle (Zone 2), and a 10 m wide non-harvestable deciduous forest adjacent to the river (Zone 1). We also evaluated alternative designs, such as removing Zone 3, removing Zone 2, and reducing the widths of the buffer zones further. For the entire Jinghe watershed, we calculated, compared, and analyzed the annual totals of water inflow, sediment yields, and dissolved nitrogen in surface runoff into and out of Zone 1, 2, and 3 for all the designs. The analysis indicated that the removal efficiency of sediments ranged from 85.7% to 90.8%, and the removal efficiency of dissolved nitrogen in surface runoff ranged from 85.4% to 91.9% for all the designs. It is also indicated that riparian buffer zones are highly effective in reducing sediments and nutrients in agricultural runoff, even with reduced buffer widths. This finding underscores the importance of implementing riparian buffer zones as a valuable approach in the agricultural intensive watershed with constraints for allocating for the creation of standard riparian buffers.
Improving the Performance of Hydrological Model Parameter Uncertainty Analysis Using a Constrained Multi-Objective Intelligent Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xichen , Kan Guangyuan , Ding Liuqian , He Xiaoyan , Liu Ronghua , Liang Ke
Published: July 2023

In the field of hydrological model parameter uncertainty analysis, sampling methods such as Differential Evolution based on Monte Carlo Markov Chain (DE-MC) and Shuffled Complex Evolution Metropolis (SCEM-UA) algorithms have been widely applied. However, there are two drawbacks which may introduce bad effects into the uncertainty analysis. The first disadvantage is that few optimization algorithms consider the physical meaning and reasonable range of the model parameters. The traditional sampling algorithms may generate non-physical parameter values and poorly simulated hydrographs when carrying out the uncertainty analysis. The second disadvantage is that the widely used sampling algorithms commonly involve only a single objective. Such sampling procedures implicitly introduce too strong an “exploitation” property into the sampling process, consequently destroying the diversity property of the sampled population, i.e., the “exploration” property is bad. Here, “exploitation” refers to using good already-existing solutions and making refinements to them, so that their fitness will improve further; meanwhile, “exploration” denotes that the algorithm searches for new solutions in new regions. With the aim of improving the performance of uncertainty analysis algorithms, in this research, a constrained multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm is proposed that preserves the physical meaning of the model parameter using the penalty function method and maintains the population diversity using a Non-dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) multi-objective optimization procedure. The representativeness of the parameter population is estimated on the basis of the mean and standard deviation of the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient, and the diversity is evaluated on the basis of the mean Euclidean distance. The Chengcun watershed is selected as the study area, and uncertainty analysis is carried out. The numerical simulations indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is significantly improved, preserving the physical meaning and reasonable range of the model parameters while significantly improving the diversity and reliability of the sampled parameter population.
“She’s Pretty in Her Pictures but in Real Life She’s Ugly”: School Pupils Negotiating the Blurred Boundaries between Online and Offline Social Contexts
Authors: MacIsaac Sarah , Gray Shirley , Kelly John
Published: July 2023

Online social interaction has become integral to contemporary social life, adding new dimensions to how young people learn, interact, and perceive themselves and one another. We present findings from a yearlong ethnographic study within a Scottish state secondary school to explain pupils’ informal social relationships. We particularly investigate how school pupils experience social life inside and outside of school in relation to presenting themselves on social media and consider how they negotiate the overlap between their online (social media) representations and offline (school) encounters with their peers. Our findings evidence that pupils engaged in self-presentation within and across online and offline social contexts, whilst experiencing pressure to ‘keep up appearances’ between the two. The online environment afforded pupils greater control over self-presentation, especially in relation to bodily appearances. Here, pupils had time and tools to construct idealised fronts and to amass online capital. In some circumstances, this capital could have exchange value within offline environments. However, young people were at continual risk of having their carefully constructed identities discredited when in an in-person setting. We explore these issues in relation to pupil health, wellbeing, and learning, and we consider how educators may respond.
Magical thinking and persuasive writing
Authors:   Faculty of Journalism, Institute of Mass Media and Advertising, Russian State University for the Humanities, Savostyanov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: July 2023

For the first time in this kind of scientific literature, the author addresses the technological side of persuasion as one of the main goals of journalistic work. The article reveals the tasks of a persuasive text, i.e. to make the reader believe the author and accept his/her evidence and point of view. The author tries to figure out what magical thinking is and how a persuasive writing works with it, and concludes that one of the signs of a journalist's professionalism is the ability to use persuasive writing tools in any situation.
The concept of "truth" in the context of all-Russian values
Authors:   Institute of Construction, Housing and Public Utilities, National Research University — Higher School of Economics (HSE University), Grigorieva Irina Andreevna
Published: July 2023

were associated with the search for verity, justice, and freedom. Truth has been one of the main concepts in Russia since ancient times. A universal truth that should not be hidden and should always be said. It was essential not only to tell the truth, but also to live it in everything — in actions, deeds, and thoughts. The search for truth was also one of the basic principles of Russian culture. This was due to the desire to know the truth about the world and oneself, as well as to the search for justice in society. The author shows that the study of the very concept of "truth" is a significant contribution not only to Russian axiology, but is also of great importance for the implementation of educational processes at the higher educational institution.
Anglo-Saxon cultural "microbes" in modern mass culture of the Pacific Rim countries
Authors:   FSAEI HE Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Zavyalova Natalya Alekseevna
Published: July 2023

The study attempts to trace the units of influence of the Anglo-Saxon culture, penetrating to the countries of the Pacific region through the channels of intercultural communication. The hypothesis that the main units of influence, "cultural microbes", are the works of recreational culture, which easily penetrate the consciousness of mass public, is formulated. The article proposes a discussion about how Western cultural patterns realize themselves in the vast expanse of the Pacific region. The focus of the proposed description is the sphere of youth pop music of the PRC and the cinematic novelties of South Korea. An attempt is made to analyze the channels of influence of Western ideologists on the younger generation of these countries.
Attorney-client privilege as an element of lawyer’ legal consciousness
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Kachiuri Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: July 2023

The aim of the work is a systematic analysis of such an institution as the attorney-client privilege. The article analyzes the legal basis of the attorney-client privilege. In addition, gaps and contradictions in terms of securing the legal status of the attorney-client privilege are identified. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the attorney-client privilege as an element and manifestation of a lawyer's legal consciousness. Moreover, a significant place is given to the analysis of the limits of the attorney-client privilege.
Professional legal consciousness of a lawyer
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Kachiuri Yuliya Andreevna
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the legal consciousness of a lawyer as a specific type of professional legal consciousness. The work reveals the phenomenon of professional legal consciousness, and its structure is determined. The factors that influence the legal consciousness of a lawyer are identified. The specificity of legal psychology and legal ideology of a lawyer is revealed.
Improvement the technological processes of manufacture the pump case and assembling the flanged joint by using modern adhesives
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Zakharova М. Е. , Lazarev N. A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow
Published: July 2023

The technological process of elimination of porous casting flaws by using modern adhesive compositions is considered. The efficiency of the vacuum impregnation technology for porous castings has been proved. The technological process of assembling the flange joints of the vane pump by replacing rubber compactions with adhesives has been improved.
Development of creative project activity of students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Yurenkova L. R. , Yakovuk O. A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Andreev A. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Torbina I. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: July 2023

The article considers the solution to the problem of improving the training of modern engineering personnel at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, starting from the first course. Technological progress is greatly influenced by the use of «artificial intelligence» in the creation and operation of fundamentally new machines. In this regard, in specialized schools at BMSTU, the interest of students in the events taking place at the university and aimed at developing their creative activity has increased. Teachers of the department «Engineering Graphics» take part in the organization and conduct of the so-called «project weeks», the task of which is to develop the creative activity of children, starting from the first grade. For several decades, the Department of Engineering Graphics has been holding the annual student conference «Scientific Spring», at which first-year students present creative projects completed at school, but with some development under the guidance of teachers of the department. The article presents a methodology for organizing such work with students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
Creating group drawings for the same type of products in the Autodesk Inventor program environment
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Koryagina O. M. , Goryachkina A. Yu. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Goryunova I. A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow
Published: July 2023

This article describes an algorithm for constructing models of the same type of parts with the subsequent execution of a group drawing and a detailed description of all operations and commands performed in the Autodesk Inventor environment. Information is provided on the design of group drawings in accordance with the standards of the Unified System of Design Documentation. In mechanical engineering, there are products that include several parts of the same type that have common design features. In order to reduce the total volume of design documentation when developing a group of products with common design features, it is necessary to carry out common group and basic design documents for such products instead of single documents for each execution of a product from this group. Thus, as a result of reducing the costs of drafting, manufacturing and registration of working drawings, the economic efficiency of unification and standardization of design documentation is achieved. The group design document contains permanent data reflecting the general design features of a group of products, and variable data characterizing some differences of products in this group. The rules for the execution and handling of group and basic documents are established by GOST 2.113–75. Products for which one group main design document (a group drawing of parts or a group specification) is executed are considered as a group of designs. At the same time, it should be possible to independently manufacture, use and account for each execution. For such parts, it is advisable to perform one group drawing containing all the necessary information about two or more such parts. A group drawing of products significantly reduces the number of technical documents and allows you to speed up the release of a set of drawings. The article presents the rationale for the introduction of such graphic works for students studying the course of engineering and computer graphics.
Innovative development of the education industry in the European higher education area
Authors: Matviienko Olena , Vytrykhovska Oksana , Veremijenko Vadym , Zabiiaka Iryna , Tyulpa Tetiana
Published: July 2023

The article identifies positive changes and suggests trends in the innovative development of the educational sector in the European area of higher education. The goal is determined, and the functions of the European area of higher education are considered. It has been proven that two trends, which are analyzed in the article, prevail in the structure of world higher education: unitary (single), a system manifested in higher education and provided by universities; binary (dual), a system with a traditional education sector based on the Humboldt University concept and a separate non-university sector of higher education. The main principles regulating aspects of educational activity are revealed. Considered is a very important and necessary distance form in the educational space, related to the introduction of information and communication technologies into the educational process, which is being updated and developed to improve an open and widely accessible education system, aimed at training a qualified competitive specialist.