bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDAMPINGAN PEMERIKSAAN HEWAN DAN DAGING QURBAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Wibisono Freshinta Jellia , Wardhani Lailia Dwi Kusuma , Yunani Retina , Candra Adhitya Yoppy Ro , Rahayu Asih , Palgunadi Bagus Uda , Hidayah Nurul , Apritya Desty , Widhowati Dyah , Mudji Era Hari
Published: May 2022

Slaughtering of sacrificial animals is a worship activity for slaughtering ruminant livestock which is carried out on Eid al-Adha and carried out in mosques or outside Slaughterhouses (RPH). The limited facilities affect the welfare of the animals so that it affects the quality of the meat. Supervision in the production chain with antemortem and postmortem inspections is carried out to obtain good quality meat. This community service aims to help the community get a guarantee of safe, healthy, whole and halal, sacrificial animal meat with antemortem and postmortem examinations, as well as holding counseling on the handling of sacrificial animals and meat during the covid-19 pandemic through webinars. The activity was carried out in 13 mosques in the areas of Surabaya, Sidoarjo, Gresik, and Pasuruan. The antemortem examination will be held on 19-22 July 2021 followed by a post-mortem examination which will be held on 20-22 July 2021 with a total number of 112 cows, 220 goats and 1 sheep. The Webinar was held earlier, namely on July 14, 2021, by 3 competent speakers. The webinar was attended by the general public, mosque takmir, lecturers, and students. The results of the antemortem examination indicated that the animals were suitable for slaughter, although 2â€“6 (0.6â€“1.8%) animals showed diarrhea, nasal and eye discharge, and infection of the prepuce. The results of postmortem examination stated that the animals were fit for consumption with a note that the organs infected with worms had to be removed, namely 15.2% of the liver of cattle and 0.9% of the liver of goats with fasciolosis, 0.5% of goats experiencing parampistomiasis and 1.7% of cattle experiencing eurytrematosis.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN FISH CAKE BERBAHAN DASAR HASIL TANGKAPAN SAMPINGAN NELAYAN DI KOTA TARAKAN
Authors: Abdiani Ira Maya , Akhmadi Mohammad F. , Imra Imra , Hutapea Tri P. H. , Cahyani Reni T. , Simanjuntak Ricky F. , Wijaya Adam A. , Saputra Bobi , Zusan Zusan , Jariah Usnatul , Nuraini Nuraini
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Tarakan City has the potential of marine fisheries resources that are quite large from capture fisheries. However, the by-catch has low economic value so that the diversification of catches in the food sector is not optimal. One of the by-catch with low utilization is the tarpon fish (Megalops cyprinoides). This activity aims to provide training to LiZY UMKM about the diversification product of tarpon fish. The method used in this activity is training with participatory learning techniques and mentoring. The training and mentoring process includes: selection of raw materials for fish cake products, formulating and diversifying processed fishery products such as fish ball, chikuwa, ekado, fish cake, and fish dumplings and providing information related to tarpon fish nutrition. The results of this activities in the form of training and assistance in processing tarpon fish into fish cakes include fish ball, chikuwa, ekado, odeng, and fish dumplin. The conclusion from this activity is that participants can understand the importance of creating new innovations in food processing so that can seize and win the culinary business competition and have skills in processing current fish preparations based on by-catch

Keywords: By-Catch; Fish Cake; North Kalimantan.

 

ABSTRAK

Kota Tarakan memiliki potensi sumberdaya perikanan laut yang cukup besar dari hasil perikanan tangkap.  Namun demikian, hasil tangkapan sampingan (by-catch) memiliki nilai ekonomis rendah sehingga minim diversifikasi hasil tangkapan dalam bidang pangan. Salah satu hasil tangkapan sampingan dan minim pemanfaatannya adalah ikan bulan-bulan (Megalops cyprinoides). Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan pelatihan diversifikasi olahan ikan bulan-bulan kepada UMKM LiZY. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pelatihan dengan teknik pembelajaran partisipatif dan pendampingan. Proses pelatihan dan pendampingan meliputi: pemilihan bahan baku produk fish cake, menyusun formulasi dan diversifikasi olahan hasil perikanan seperti fish ball, chikuwa, ekado, odeng, dan fish dumpling dan memberikan informasi terkait gizi ikan bulan-bulan. Hasil kegiatan PKM berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam mengolah ikan bulan-bulan menjadi fish cake antara lain: lain fish ball, chikuwa, ekado, odeng, dan fish dumpling. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah peserta dapat memahami pentingnya menciptakan inovasi baru dalam mengolah makanan agar dapat merebut dan memenangkan persaingan bisnis kuliner dan memiliki keterampilan dalam mengolah olahan ikan yang kekinian berbasis hasil tangkapan sampingan.

Kata kunci: Fish Cake; Kalimantan Utara; Tangkapan Sampingan
Karakteristik dan Jenis Pengencer Semen Sapi Bali: Suatu Review
Authors: Tethool Angelina Novita , Ciptadi Gatot , Wahjuningsih Sri , Susilawati Trinil
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bali cattle are Indonesian native cattle that are preferred because they have adaptability and reproductive efficiency capabilities.  The productivity of this cow can be increased using artificial insemination.  The success of IB implementation is determined by the quality of the semen used.  This article aims to provide an overview of the quality of fresh semen, after dilution and the types of diluents that have generally been used to maintain Bali cattle spermatozoa.  The quality of fresh semen provides an overview of the condition of the semen after storage. Types of diluents that have been used are chemical diluents such as tris aminomethane, CEP, skim milk, andromed and natural diluents such as coconut water, carrot juice, guava filtrate, honey and tomato juice.  Bali cattle semen stored in each diluent gives a different quality response depending on the diluent used. This diluent has a different response to semen qualities in cold and frozen storage.
Keywords: Quality of semen; Diluent; Bali cattle; Spermatozoa
 
Abstrak 
Sapi Bali merupakan sapi asli Indonesia yang disukai karena memiliki kemampuan adaptasi dan kemampuan efisiensi reproduksi. Produktivitas sapi ini dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan inseminasi buatan. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan IB ditentukan oleh kualitas semen yang digunakan.  Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang kualitas semen segar, setelah pengenceran dan jenis pengencer yang umumnya telah digunakan untuk mempertahankan spermatozoa sapi Bali.  Kualitas semen segar memberikan gambaran kondisi semen setelah penampungan.  Jenis pengencer yang telah digunakan adalah pengencer dari bahan kimia seperti tris aminomethane, CEP, susu skim, andromed dan pengencer alternatif seperti air kelapa, sari wortel, filtrat jambu biji, madu dan sari buah tomat. Semen sapi Bali yang disimpan pada masing-masing pengencer memberikan respon kualitas yang berbeda-beda tergantung bahan pengencer yang digunakan.  Secara umum pengencer yang digunakan mampu mempertahankan kualitas semen sapi Bali.
Kata kunci: Kualitas semen; Pengencer; Sapi Bali; Spermatozoa
Kegiatan dan Pemanfaatan Satwa Buruan di Kampung Yembikeri Distrik Rumberpon Kabupaten Teluk Wondama
Authors: Rahayu Bernadetta WI , Woran Jonly , Lumatauw Sientje , Kaikatui Rein
Published: May 2022

Abstract 
This study aims to determine the level of exploration of animal diversity by the people in the form of hunting and utilization of hunted animals in Yembikeri Village, Rumberpon District, Teluk Wondama Regency. The research was conducted for 2 (two) months and was carried out using a survey technique through interviews with the people of Yembikeri village who carried out hunting activities. The results of this study were that the types of animals obtained were deer, wild boar and bandikut. The hunting method used is a combination of pairs of snares and hunting using bows, spears, machetes and assisted by dogs. Hunting activities are carried out in groups and during the day. Hunting locations in primary forests, grasslands, shrubs and watersheds with a fairly high success rate. The utilization of hunted animals is consumed and sold.
Keywords: Bandicoot; Deer; Hunting; Wild boar
 
Abstrak 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sampai sejauh mana eksplorasi keanekaragaman satwa yang dilakukan masyarakat berupa kegiatan berburu dan pemanfaatan hewan buruan di Kampung Yembikeri, Distrik Rumberpon, Kabupaten Teluk Wondama. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 (dua) bulan dan dilakukan dengan teknik survei melalui wawancara pada masyarakat kampung Yembikeri yang melakukan kegiatan berburu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa jenis satwa yang diperoleh adalah rusa, babi hutan dan bandikut.  Metode berburu yang dilakukan adalah kombinasi pasang jerat dan berburu dengan menggunakan alat busur,tombak, parang dan dibantu anjing.  Kegiatan berburu dilakukan berkelompok dan pada siang hari. Lokasi berburu di hutan primer, padang rumput, semak dan daerah aliran sungai dengan tingkat keberhasilan cukup tinggi. Pemanfaatan hasil buruan adalah dikonsumsi dan dijual. 
Kata kunci: Babi hutan; Bandikut; Berburu; Rusa
O direito a saúde e a sua judicialização em relação ao uso do canabidiol
Authors: Da Silva Marcela Damas , Teodoro Marina
Published: May 2022

A presente pesquisa é qualitativa, e tem como método de pesquisa a revisão de literatura, realizada por intermédio da leitura de doutrinas, jurisprudências, artigos científicos e dentre outras fontes de informação essenciais. A temática a ser trabalhada é: O direito à saúde e a sua judicialização em relação ao uso do canabidiol, pra uma delimitação mais clara do assunto, dividiu-se a pesquisa em três seções, a primeira discorre acerca da judicialização da saúde no Brasil, em um segundo momento, passa-se a verificar a atuação do Ministério Público frente a questão, por fim, na última seção, discorre-se de forma especifica acerca do canibidiol, seu uso médico e a judicialização de seu uso. Ao final, é possível concluir que ainda falta uma previsibilidade especifica a respeito da cannabis.
Comparative outcome study between simple closure and flap technique in Pilonidal sinus disease
Authors: Magar Dr. Ram , Magar Dr. Rupali
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a disease of natal cleft in sacrococcygeal region. The main goal of treatment is low recurrence rate, short hospital stays, early return to work and decrease post-operative work. Present study was undertaken to compare and find clinical outcome between simple closure and flap techniques. Methodology: 30 patients of Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) which were fit to undergo surgery were included. 15 patients undergone simple closure and 15 undergone flap technique (Limberg). Result: Wound Infection, Post-operative discharge and Recurrence rate was found higher in group I patients (20 %, 23.33 %, 30 % and 26.66 % respectively) compared to Group II cases. Difference is statistically significant (p Value 0.03, 0.04, 0.008 and 0.02 respectively). Discussion: Recurrence of the sinus probably depend mainly on the ability of the procedure to obliterate the depth of natal cleft. In the present study we found flap procedures superior in combating the disease recurrence than excision with simple closure. Conclusion: It is recommended that Limberg flap method should be used in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease over other modalities.
Vaccinating Children against COVID-19: A race against time in the middle of death and devastation
Authors: Bhate Dr. Shreya , Rehman Dr. Habibur , Shinde Dr. Sonal , Mhaske Dr. S. N.
Published: May 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious viral infection of the respiratory system caused by SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The outbreak of the disease was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The spread of COVID-19 is continuous and was declared a pandemic disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March, 2020. As of 20 May 2020, more than 4.7 million people have contracted the disease and 318,789 people have died.[1]

Vaccines save millions of lives each year. The development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines is a huge step forward in our global effort to end the pandemic and to get back to doing more of the things we enjoy with the people we love.[2]
Sistema de partidos políticos, reformas electorales y calidad de la democracia en el Ecuador
Authors: Castillo-Merino Francisco
Published: May 2022

El sistema de partidos políticos ecuatoriano se ha debatido entre su débil diseño institucional y las constantes reformas electorales, lo que ha derivado en una serie de fenómenos que lo conduce a una crisis generalizada, especialmente por una alta volatilidad electoral, bajo nivel de representación, transfuguismo, corrupción, entre otros. Para solventar estas deficiencias, la clase política inserta mecanismos y artimañas de sobrevivencia, bajo el eslogan “todo vale” El resultado es un bajo nivel y calidad de la democracia.
Evolution of ancient alphabet to modern greek, latin and cyrillic alphabets and transcription between them
Authors: Zhang Xiangning , Zhang Ruolin
Published: May 2022

The elements of alphabet tables reflect the phonetics of different languages. The earliest alphabet was invented by Phoenician in 200 millennium BCE, and was spread by businessmen from there; it was modified to form Greek alphabet, and Greek alphabet was introduced to Roman  Empire and a new script, Latin alphabet was formed and spread in western part of Europe. Cyrillic alphabet adapted from Greek alphabet spread with Eastern Orthodox in eastern and southern Europe, and replaced Arabic scripts in North and Central Asian when inhabitants there were converted to Russian Orthodox.  The modification of alphabets take place in accordance with the phonetics of  the languages which they write, and also in keeping up with the development of information technology.
Examination of quality of life in patients using exenatide with different dimensions
Authors: Siddika Ersoy  , Ismail Hakki Ersoy  , Sukran Ozkahraman-Koc
Published: May 2022

Objective: To investigate the effects of exenatide treatment on type-2 diabetes mellitus patients’ quality of life.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to June 30, 2019, after approval from Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey, and comprised type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of either gender under exenatide treatment. Data was collected using a questionnaire during face-to-face interview and included sociodemographic and clinical information along with the World Health Organisation-5 well-being index, the obesity awareness and insight scale, the obesity-specific quality of life scale and the coping orientation to problems experienced-brief inventory. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 146 patients, 82(56.2%) were female. The overall mean age was 50.6±11.5 years, mean duration of diabetes was 7.4±4.3 years, and mean exenatide use was 9.1±6.6 months. The most common reason cited in favour of exenatide was related to weight-loss 121(82.9%). The patients scored the highest score on the ‘Awareness’ subscale of the obesity awareness scale 29.54±5.42.
Conclusion: Exenatide use was effective in improving quality of life, and weight-loss was considered a secondary gain by the diabetics.
Key Words: Diabetes mellitus, Exenatide, Quality of life, Patients.
Normalization of serum TSH doesn’t represent true euthyroidism for patients on levothyroxine treatment
Authors: Nalan Okuroglu  , Sakci Elif , Sertbas Meltem , Sertbas Yasar , Sancak Seda , Ozdemir Ali
Published: May 2022

Introduction: To evaluate whether normalisation of serum thyroid-stimulating hormonelevels with levothyroxine is related with metabolic parameters and psychologic wellbeing.
Method: The observational, case-control study was conducted from to May to July 2019 in the outpatient thyroid clinics of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, and compried hypothyroid patients in the euthyroid state with levothyroxine treatment and euthyroid controls. Psychological wellbeing was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire-12, and metabolic parameters with lipid levels and body composition were analysed for both the groups. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 159 subjects, 110(69%) were case with a mean age of 50.1±11.7 years, and 49(31%) were controls with a mean age of 47.3±15.2 years. There was no significant difference related to thyroid-stimulating hormonel levels between the groups (p=0.191). Free throxine levels were significantly higher in the cases, while free triiodothyroinine levels were higher in the controls (p<0.001). Total cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly higher in the cases than the controls (p<0.05). The cases had lower basal metabolic rate and fat free mass than the controls, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). The cases scored higher in terms of wellbeing than the controls, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Thyroid hormone replacement needs to be adjusted to provide a satisfactory treatment for hypothyroid patients with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels who remain clinically and biochemically asymptomatic. In symptomatic patients, peripheral parameters of hypothyroidism, such as lipid levels,
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Could vitamin D3 supplementation be used as a preventive strategy in genetically predisposed breast cancer: Existing evidence and future perspective
Authors: Amin Mahnoor , Shabbir Naqiha , Ali Muhammad Soima
Published: May 2022

This is a letter to editor and does not require an abstract.
Effect of nutritional status on wound healing after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery
Authors: Zaffar Muazama , Asma Afreen  , Waseem Muhammad , Ahmed Zaheer
Published: May 2022

Objective: To assess the pre-operative nutritional status and its effect on wound healing of patients having undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Method: The hospital-based prospective study was conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Disease, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 2017 to March 2018, and comprised patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Sternal wound healing as an outcome measure was assessed with nutritional status. Investigation of dietary data focussed on various food groups and their impact on wound healing. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 330 patients, 16 (4.8%) died within hospital. The final sample, as such, comprised 314(95.2%) patients; 273 (86.9%) males and 42 (13.1%) females, with an overall mean age of 56.6±8.3 years. The mean body mass index was 26.9±4.3kg/m². There was non-significant relationship between body mass index and wound healing (p>0.05). Significant relationship was observed between albumin, blood glucose and wound healing (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Low levels of albumin and poor blood glucose control before surgery was found to be associated with delayed wound healing. Nutritional intervention prior to coronary artery bypass graft surgery may lead to reduced risk and complications during / after surgery.
Assessment of musculoskeletal disorders among cricketers playing in domestic clubs of Lahore
Authors: Abdullah Munir  , Mehwish Akhtar  , Amina Khalid  , Haider Farooq Khan  , Faiza Kiran  , Gull Bahar
Published: May 2022

Objective: To assess musculoskeletal disorders among male cricketers in an urban centre.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2020 in Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised male cricket players aged 10-25 years playing in four domestic clubs. Data was collected about musculoskeletal disorders experienced during the preceding 12 months using the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 89 players with a mean age of 19.24+3.12 years, 35(39.3%) were bowlers, 26(29.2%) were batsmen, 17(19.1%) were all-rounders, and 11(12.4%) were wicketkeepers. The anatomical distribution of disorder was lower-back 68(76.4%), shoulder 40(44.9%), neck 39(43.8%), upper-back 37(41.6%), knees 31(34.8%), ankle/feet 29(32.6%), thighs 27(30.3%), wrist/hands 18(20.2%), and elbows 17(19.1%). There were 22(24.7%) players who had at any time seen a doctor or a physiotherapist, while 24(27%) players had a history of taking sick leave.
Conclusion: The most affected anatomical segments were lower-back, shoulder, knee, ankle and upper-back.
Key Words: Musculoskeletal disorders, MSDs, Occupational health, Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire extended version, NMQ-E.
Berardinelli Seip Syndrome: A rare case report
Authors: Samreen Ashraf  , Shadab Masood  , Farrah Naz  , Junaid Rashid
Published: May 2022

Berardinelli Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy (BSCL) or Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) is one of the four subgroups of lipodystrophy syndrome which is characterized by varying degrees of loss of adipose mass in the body. It is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder and commonly reported clinical presentations include muscular hypertrophy, gigantism, hepatomegaly, impaired glucose tolerance, acanthosis nigricans, hypertriglyceridaemia, cardiomyopathy, intellectual impairment, bone cysts and phlebomegaly. We present a case of a 4.5 years old male child born to consanguineous parents. He presented with the right lung consolidation and pancytopenia with a normal bone marrow biopsy, which was resolved with intravenous antibiotics. He had acromegaly-like features, hirsutism, history of recurrent diarrhoea and chest infections with isolated IgA deficiency, firm hepatomegaly, a well-defined bone cyst in the proximal right femur and hypertriglyceridaemia. This is the first case of BSCL, reported in Pakistan with a bone cyst and IgA deficiency.
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Group influence on attitudes towards polio vaccination in Pakistan: Role of group identification and perceived group support for polio vaccines
Authors: Warda Saleh  , Humaira Jami
Published: May 2022

Objective: To study the moderating role of perceived group normative support on the effect of group identification on scepticism and advocacy domains of attitude towards polio vaccination.
Method: The cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, in June 2020, and comprised adult residents of Pakistan who were approached through online platform Psytoolkit. Data was collected by means of Attitude towards Polio Vaccination Scale, Group Identification Scale, and a measure of Perceived Group Normative Support for Polio Vaccination. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 310 participants, 69(22.3%) were men and 240(77.4%) were women. The overall mean age was 25.62+/-8.47 years (range: 18-72 years). Further, 242(78.1%) participants were single and 62 (19.7%) were married, 166(53.45%) were from Punjab, 80(25.8%) from the federally-administered tribal areas, 26(8.3%) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 7(2.2%) from Sindh and 7(1.93%) from Balochistan. Group identification significantly increased advocacy (p<0.001). Perceived group normative support for polio vaccination also increased advocacy (p < 0.01) and was associated with a decrease in scepticism (p< 0.001). Group identification interacted with perceived group normative support for polio vaccination to increase advocacy of polio vaccination (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Group identity was found to influence attitudes towards polio vaccination in Pakistan by increasing the persuasive impact of perceived group normative support for polio vaccination.
Key Words: Polio vaccines, Attitude towards vaccination, Group identification, Group norms.
Overcoming barriers to Parkinson’s disease care during lockdowns in Pakistan
Authors: Maheen Kalwar  , Fatima Muhammad Asad Khan
Published: May 2022

Madam, Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases in the ageing population globally, affecting 219 per 100,000 individuals in Pakistan.(1) This complex disease is characterised by motor symptoms (tremors, rigidity, akinesia, and postural abnormalities), and a spectrum of non-motor symptoms (autonomic manifestations, neuropsychiatric disorders, sensory symptoms, and sleep problems). Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, prolonged lockdowns have significantly hampered the neurorehabilitation services across Pakistan. This, coupled with the lack of tele-medicine in the tertiary-care public hospitals, perpetuates interruptions in medical care and exacerbates the symptoms of PD.
A survey of 142 patients afflicted with PD revealed that 40% of the respondents reported a decline in their physical and psychological health, In contrast the cessation in rehabilitative care or reduction in physical activity during Covid-19 was the most prominent reason for worsening PD symptoms.(2) Another study from Italy highlighted that the Covid-19 quarantine resulted in deterioration of cognitive (39.6%), pre-established (37.5%), and acquired (26%) behavioural symptoms, and motor symptoms (35.4%), causing an additive caregiver burden in 26% of cases.(3).
Physical inaccessibility to medical care, termination of visits by the healthcare provider and the fear associated with Covid-19 are  deleterious to PD’s motor and cognitive aspects. (2) Since physical activity and exercise during lockdowns displayed favourable effects on PD outcomes regardless of the exercise being performed remotely, under or without supervision, the introduction of tele-medicine and zoom-based rehabilitation is a plausible option.(4) The feasibility of tele-medicine use in routine PD care during the pandemic was also divulged by a study conducted in Italy that employed web-based video evaluation to assess the impairment of non-motor PD symptoms.(5).
It is pertinent to note that most patients visiting tertiary-care public hospitals from remote areas in Pakistan, cannot seek medical care due to lockdown-imposed restrictions. Thus, tele-medicine will be particularly advantageous in continuing PD care in such patients while reducing travel expenses and time. Additionally, physicians should consider the distance of the patient’s residence from the hospital or clinic when accepting new PD cases and suggest a nearer facility that is easier to visit routinely, or alternative follow-up methods besides in-person appointments.
Considering the dearth of tele-medicine in Pakistan, or it being limited to a few private healthcare systems, lockdowns precipitate the existing burden of PD. With the advent of tele-medicine, and the adoption of video-based rehabilitative care, outcomes of PD can be considerably improved.
The COVID long-haulers: A letter to the Editor
Authors: Paracha Anousheh Awais , Arshad Muhammad Sameer , Muhammad Azam
Published: May 2022

Sir/Madam, Corona Virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that has affected over 174 million people and claimed over 4 million lives as of July 2021. (1) However, an aspect often overlooked is long COVID which includes signs and symptoms that develop or continue to persist in patients after acute COVID-19. (2) This has multi-organ system effects including cardiovascular, neurologic, pulmonary, psychiatric, and dermatologic manifestations (3). In a recent study conducted by H.E. Davis et al., Davis and colleagues surveyed 3762 patients with confirmed or suspected long COVID-19. The results showed the prevalence of 203 symptoms spanning over 10 organ systems. (4)
The current guidelines place great emphasis on controlling the spread of this infection. While this is imperative, the long-term effects are often over-looked. Evidence shows that patients exhibit higher rates of morbidity and mortality in the six months following diagnosis of acute COVID-19 infection. (4) Long Covid has affected a significant number of health-care workers having a direct impact on the health system. Individuals who were physically fit and active prior to the infection find it increasingly challenging to perform basic daily tasks owing to brain fog.(5) The paucity of evidence across online databases regarding management of long COVID shows the lack of attention given to this factor.
Are scrubs really protecting?
Authors: Suleman Fatima
Published: May 2022

Madam, surgical site infections are a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality and have long been a matter of concern. In the early twentieth century, surgeons were allowed to wear their clothes in the operating room (OR). After it was discovered that the surgical attire could be a source of these infections, surgical scrubs were introduced [1]. With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, many hospitals changed their policies, requiring healthcare workers to wear scrubs in wards, special care units (SCU), and intensive care units (ICU) due to their encounters with patients. This measure was taken to protect the healthcare personnel from the virus and t ensure that their contaminated clothing did not become a vector of infection to their families and society. The change was quickly adopted particularly in the private sector, due to the free provision of scrubs by the hospital, hospital-laundering facilities, increased comfort and feasibility of the professionals, and most importantly, for the sake of their own and their families’ safety [2]. The issue arose when doctors were observed wearing the same surgical scrubs in the operating room as they did elsewhere in the hospital. Patients admitted at SCU and ICU are infected with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant microbes, and wearing scrubs contaminated with these organisms in the operating room can be extremely dangerous. Though many hospitals encourage wearing gowns or white coats over the scrubs outside the OR, there is no evidence that it prevents contamination. According to observations and studies, professionals wear white coats   even outside the hospital, and are more contaminated by multidrug-resistant organisms. The extent of contamination depends at the type of fabric, antimicrobicidal coating, and the laundering frequency [3]. The national guidelines for infection prevention and control need to be more precise regarding the surgical attire inside and outside the OR, and it should ensure implementation at every hospital.  It is suggested that the colour of the scrubs worn inside and outside the OR be different, surgical scrubs should be provided to all healthcare staff by the hospital, and no one should be allowed to wear his personal scrubs inside the hospital. All professionals should be provided lockers, and wearing surgical scrubs outside the hospital should be prohibited. More frequent audits during the pandemic should be done to ensure the safety of the healthcare workers and patients [4].
The mechanism of action of the controversial drug; aducanumab and the story behind its speedy approval
Authors: Zainab Anika
Published: May 2022

Dear Editor,
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease and is denoted by memory loss and cognitive deterioration. It gives rise to the two pathologic hallmarks: the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. 1-2
“COVID-19 and Pregnancy: A Compelling Need for Vaccination"
Authors: Naeem Unaiza , Syed Hasan Shuja  , Jawed Areesha
Published: May 2022

Madam, Since the beginning of 2021, massive vaccination programmes have been initiated, aiming to curb the COVID-19 pandemic, yet certain groups remain vulnerable, especially pregnant women (1).
A recent study has emphasized the implications of COVID-19 in pregnant females; evaluating statistics from various countries, the authors reported maternal mortality to be 22 times higher in pregnant women with COVID-19 diagnosis than those without (2). Compared with those without COVID-19, infected females giving birth showed significantly higher rates of ICU admission, respiratory intubation, mechanical ventilation, and a greater risk of having a preterm birth of fewer than 37 weeks (2). In Pakistan, Covid-19 is speculated to cause multiple complications among unvaccinated pregnant women. When local data was collected and presented at a webinar “Pregnancy in Covid-19 and importance of vaccine” held by a public medical university in association with the American Society of Microbiology, it was highlighted that Covid-19 caused a death rate of 8% in pregnant women. Each year, approximately 14% of pregnant women are susceptible to have medical complications. (3)
These adverse outcomes during pregnancy accentuate the need for vaccination of pregnant individuals. Recent studies have started assessing the outcome of Covid-19 vaccination on the pregnant women population and demonstrated positive results. Blakeway et al reported that women who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy versus unvaccinated females had similar rates of all adverse pregnancy outcomes and concluded that vaccines do not affect perinatal outcomes (4). Guidelines recommending urgent vaccination for pregnant people have also been released, stressing that the benefits of the vaccine supercede any potential risks (1). However, several factors have hindered the process of vaccination of pregnant women such as the exclusion of pregnant women from clinical trials that have caused difficulty in establishing confidence of pregnant women in the vaccines In addition, the prevailing conspiracy theories in Pakistan about vaccination programmes, being a Western agenda to induce sterility in Muslim women has further hindered the success of vaccination programme for pregnant women. (5)
Physicians must implement the past positive findings of vaccination among pregnant women when counseling patients who are pregnant, planning a pregnancy, breastfeeding, or planning to breastfeed, and facilitate them in opting for government authorized vaccines for clinical use. At the same time, pregnant women who wish to wait for more data to make an informed decision must be supported and updated by their doctor regularly.
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Microwave-Based Synthesis of Carbon Dots From Lemon Juice For Biotechnological Applications
Authors: MOZİOĞLU Erkan
Published: May 2022

In this study, a simple microwave method was used for the synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from lemon juice as a natural source of citric acid and nitrogen/sulfur. In the synthesis of CDs from lemon juice, hydrothermal-based methods were used in the literature. In terms of being simpler and faster, the synthesis of carbon dots from the microwave method was investigated in this study. Compared to the hydrothermal-based methods, the quantum yield of CDs obtained by this method was found to be quite low (0.74%). However, the synthesized CDs showed quenching features over bovine serum albumin (BSA) proteins, which can be used in biotechnology. Moreover, it has been found to have antimicrobial effects on clinically important pathogens such as S. epidermidis, C. albicans, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, E. feacalis, K. pneumonia, and A. baumanii.
Destek Vektör Makinelerinin Wi-Fi Tabanlı İç Mekan Lokalizasyon Tespitinde Kullanımı ve Çekirdek Fonksiyon Seçiminin Sınıflandırma Performansına Etkisi
Authors: EFEOĞLU Ebru
Published: May 2022

Son yıllarda çocuk güvenliğinde yaşanan kazaların artması nedeniyle iç mekanlarda çocukların yerini tespit etme çalışmaları önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada kablosuz sinyal gücü ve Destek Vektör Makineleri sınıflandırma algoritması kullanılarak iç mekanlarda farklı odalarda bulunan insanların konumları tespit edilmiştir. Algoritmanın performansının arttırılması için farklı çekirdek fonksiyonları denenmiş ve çekirdek fonksiyonu seçiminin algoritmanın sınıflandırma performansına etkisi incelenmiştir. Performans ölçüm yöntemi olarak 10 kat çapraz doğrulama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Performans değerlendirmesi, çapraz doğrulama öncesi ve sonrası sınıflandırma performansları karşılaştırılarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan performans değerlendirmesi sonucu iç mekanda konum belirlemede Destek Vektör Makineleri algoritması kullanılırken doğrusal çekirdek fonksiyonunun seçimi uygun görülmüştür.
PENGARUH PROGRAM K3 (KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA) TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN DI PT. KERETA API INDONESIA (PERSERO) DAERAH OPERASI 3 CIREBON
Authors: Pertiwi Wike
Published: May 2022

Occupational health and safety is one of the important aspects to be considered by human resource management, because remembering human being is an important asset in a company that play a role for progress of company in getting profit. In order to create safe and comfortable conditions and situations in the workplace, every company needs to provide adequate facilities for its workers, in order to protect their physical and mental safety from accidents and illness due to the work they do. So how much attention the company to the safety and health of employees interesting to investigate. Therefore this study aims to analyze the effect of the application of health and safety (K3) programs to increase employees productivity at PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) area operation 3 Cirebon. This research is a quantitative research with survey method, using questionnaire instrument. Testing the instrument using validity test and reliability test. The sample size of 100 people was obtained from the entire population by using the Slovin formula. Data analysis techniques used by the authors in this study is a simple linear regression analysis with F test and t test, to measure the effect of independent variables on dependent variable that is health and safety program as independent variable (X) and employee work productivity as dependent variable (Y). Based on the calculation of coefficient of determination (KD) is known that the value of R square of 0.10, this means the percentage contribution of variables K3 program (health and safety) to work productivity employees at PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Operation Area 3 Cirebon of 10% while the remaining 90% influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
Maktab matematika darslarida mantiqiy masalalarni o‘qitish metodikasi
Authors: Xo’jayev Allayor , Bayzaqov Maxmud , Xolboyev Nurjon
Published: May 2022

Ushbu maqolada maktab matematika darslarida o‘quvchi-larning matematik va mantiqiy savodxonligini bir vaqtda rivoj-lantirish metodlari haqida bayon qilingan. Mantiqiy masalalar kerakli va samarali usullarda yechib ko‘rsatilgan. Maqoladan olingan natijalarni maktab o‘quvchilariga matematika dars-larida foydalanish mumkin.
Jamiyat taraqqiyotining kadrlar masalasi bilan bog‘liqligi
Authors: Toshtemirova Dilnura
Published: May 2022

Maqolada ta’limdagi muammolarni hal etish, xususan, ta’lim mazmunini yangilashning eng ishonchli yo‘llarini belgilab olish, pedagog kadrlarning mustaqil dunyoqarashlarini rivojlantirish va takomillashtirish masalalari haqida fikr bildirilgan.
Проблемы подготовки ветеринарных фармацевтов в вузах беларуси и узбекистана
Authors: Ятусевич Антон , Гавриченко Николай , Юнусов Худайназар , Норкобилов Бахромжон , Федотов Дмитрий
Published: May 2022

В статье приводятся данные о динамике развития ветеринарного фармацевтического рынка двух стран, на основании которых делается вывод о необходимости совершенствования подготовки кадров на межвузовском факультете в рамках концепции профессионального образования Беларуси и Узбекистана
Water-saving irrigation technology in the foothill areas in the south of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Khudaev I. , Fazliev J.
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of research that are devoted to water-saving irrigation technology on steep slopes and clarified the elements of irrigation techniques at contour irrigation and discrete irrigation in the south of Uzbekistan. The technology of muddy water irrigation for drip irrigation of gardens has been developed. The implementation of drip irrigation technology in intensive gardens has resulted in a 20-60% reduction in water consumption on arable land, up to 50% on mineral fertilizers and up to 30% on fuel and lubricants. Also, the level of ground water does not rise due to the irrigation water requirements of the plant and excessive water supply, low water evaporation from the soil, as well as uniform moisture throughout the field.
APLICAÇÃO DE ÁLGEBRA LINEAR, GEOMETRIA ANALÍTICA E ESTATÍSTICA APLICADA A SOFTWARE
Authors: Silva Sarley de Araújo
Published: May 2022

Neste estudo serão apresentadas algumas aplicações de Sistemas Lineares, Cônicas e Análise Bidimensional realizadas com as ferramentas Minitab e Geogebra, ministradas durante as aulas dos cursos de Engenharia. A metodologia aplicada constitui-se em uma ferramenta para resolver os problemas das ciências exatas. O objetivo foi mostrar como as ferramentas podem contribuir no ensino de matemática e estatística de forma que esses recursos possam despertar o interesse e a curiosidade dos educandos, motivando-os a serem construtores de seu próprio conhecimento, para isso foram apresentadas situações teórica praticas com o uso dos softwares que proporcionaram a oportunidade de investigar problemas que envolvem as disciplinas exatas. Os resultados obtidos nos gráficos apresentados no decorrer deste estudo nos permitiram analisar problemas de matemática e estatística fornecendo soluções claras e precisas. Concluiu-se que a metodologia em estudo é adequada na resolução de aplicações de estatística, oportunizando aos educandos a compreensão e interpretação de gráficos.
TRADUÇÃO E ADAPTAÇÃO CULTURAL DO “DIABETES EATING PROBLEM SURVEY – REVISED” PARA O BRASIL
Authors: Magalhaes Moreira Thereza Maria , De Sousa Gonçalves Marília , Dos Santos Oliveira Cunha Maria da Conceição , Alves de Carvalho Sampaio Helena , Oliveira Queiroz Maria Veraci , Michelle B. Laffel Lori
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o Diabetes Eating Problem Survey – Revised para a língua portuguesa do Brasil. Método: Estudo metodológico, com tradução, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, submissão a comitê de especialistas, pré-teste e parecer do autor original. Teve dois tradutores, dois retrotradutores, comitê de especialistas e pré-teste com 30 pessoas. Resultados: Mediante avaliação de comitê de juízes e realização do pré-teste, foi alcançada evidência de validade de conteúdo e realizada análise semântica adequada. Obteve-se índice de validade de conteúdo superior a 0,90. O pré-teste mostrou itens do instrumento válidos, fáceis de compreender e responder pela população-alvo. Conclusão: Alcançaram-se equivalências semântica, idiomática, conceitual e cultural do instrumento adaptado, que mostrou evidência de validade de seu conteúdo.
Early Campanian silicoflagellates from the Ural Federal District, Russia: a taxonomic and biostratigraphic reexamination of the A. P. Jousé sample suite
Authors: McCartney Kevin , Witkowski Jakub , Kulikovskiy Maxim
Published: May 2022

Nine samples of broad Late Cretaceous age, previously studied by the respected Russian diatomistA.P. Jousé, were reexamined in order to document the taxonomic composition of silicoflagellates at several localities within the Ural Federal District of Russia. New observations are provided on the range of morphological variability in several important taxa, and a new morphological term, “segment”, is presented for the basal skeletal components of Cornua. An attempt is also made to refine the age determinations for these samples using a recently established silicoflagellate biostratigraphic zonation for theCanadianmargin.Our general conclusion is that the zonation developed based on the Canadian sections can be successfully used to provide age control for sections exposed in the northern part of Eurasia. The samples studied here are probably correlative to the lower Campanian Cornua trifurcata Partial Range Zone and the lowermost Campanian Schulzyocha ruppelii Range Zone of northern Canada. However, the recognition of the Schulzyocha ruppelii Zone is based on the presence of a secondary zonalmarker (Gleserocha tapiae), due to the absence of Schulzyocha. Thismay indicate that only the Cornua trifurcata Zone has interregional applicability, while the Schulzyocha ruppelii Zone may be restricted to the Canadian successions due to the endemism of Schulzyocha. Further studies on Late Cretaceous silicoflagellate paleobiogeography are required to resolve these issues.
DRUŠTVENA ODGOVORNOST TRGOVAČKIH LANACA. STUDIJA SLUČAJA: SURADNJA KAUFLANDA I LIDLA S CARITASOM ZAGREBAČKE NADBISKUPIJE
Authors: Trbušić Davor , Maleš Dražen , Labaš Danijel
Published: May 2022

Društvena odgovornost strateški je segment poslovanja svake organizacije. Poznato je da primjena
koncepta odgovornoga ponašanja nerijetko rezultira podizanjem konkurentnosti organizacije te
izgradnjom pozitivne i održive reputacije na tržištu. Iznimka nisu ni trgovački lanci u Hrvatskoj,
koji društveno odgovorno ponašanje, to jest poslovanje, nastoje integrirati u sve razine korporativnoga života. Stoga je u središtu ovoga rada pregled i analiza društveno odgovornih projekata
trgovačkih lanaca Lidl i Kaufland, ostvarenih u suradnji s Caritasom Zagrebačke nadbiskupije. Za
potrebe rada provedeni su dubinski intervjui s ključnim akterima spomenutih organizacija te je
istraženo koliko je takvih projekata provedeno, što se njima željelo postići, kakav je njihov učinak,
kako takvi projekti utječu na ozračje u organizaciji i njezinu korporativnu kulturu, odnosno zašto su se navedeni trgovački lanci odlučili za suradnju upravo s crkvenom, karitativnom institucijom. Uz to, provedeno je i istraživanje javnoga mišljenja među mladom populacijom o tome koliko
društveno odgovorni projekti trgovačkih lanaca utječu na svijest potrošača da svoj novac potroše
upravo u trgovačkim lancima s posebnim senzibilitetom za društveno odgovorne projekte. Ključni
rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je većina ispitanika upoznata s konceptom društveno odgovornoga poslovanja te ga pozitivno percipira, kao i to da su mladi potrošači svoj novac skloniji trošiti
upravo u trgovačkim lancima koji društveno odgovorno djeluju. Isto tako, ispitanici istraživanja
smatraju da mediji ne pridaju dovoljnu pozornost takvim društveno odgovornim projektima, dok su, s druge strane, iskazali određenu zadršku prema motivima i pobudama trgovačkih lanaca da
primjenjuju takav poslovni koncept.
MEDIJSKA PISMENOST: ORUŽJE U HIBRIDNOM RATU PROTIV LAŽNIH VIJESTI I DEZINFORMACIJA
Authors: Sivrić Ivana
Published: May 2022

Već sedamdesetih godina dvadesetoga stoljeća razvijeni su prvi koncepti suvremenoga pojma medijske pismenosti. Nakon toga uslijedilo je nekoliko inicijativa da bi se bolje prepoznala važnost učenja
i nužnost razvoja medijske pismenosti. Devedesetih godina dolazi do institucionalizacije medijske
pismenosti i do definiranja osnovnih smjernica i elemenata potrebnih za razvoj i implementaciju
medijske pismenosti u društvu.
Otada pa sve do danas koncept medijske pismenosti ubrzano se mijenjao. Dinamičan i ubrzan razvoj
informacijskih i komunikacijskih tehnologija, pojava novih medija i medijskih navika konzumenata
doveli su do promjene samoga koncepta i razumijevanja medijske pismenosti. Dotad se medijska
pismenost prepoznavala kao instrument za zaštitu konzumenata od negativnih medijskih poruka i
sadržaja (najčešće djece i mladih), a potom i kao instrument za zaštitu konzumenata od tehnologije te
kao preduvjet za bolju građansku participaciju.
Danas tumačenje pojma medijske pismenosti promatramo i u zavisnosti od društva i konteksta u
kojem se medijska pismenost koristi i na način kako se razvija. Prema tome, koncept i primjena u
ovisnosti su o geografskom i tehnološkom pristupu medijima, a samim time i o evaluaciji i načinu
na koji komuniciramo preko različitih medija. Stoga bi današnji koncept medijske pismenosti predstavljao oružje ili oruđe za borbu protiv negativnih medijskih sadržaja, manipulacije, lažnih vijesti,
obmana, propagande, dezinformacija, a u svrhu kritičkoga i kreativnog izražavanja i bolje građanske
participacije.