bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of altered retinal microvasculature in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: optical coherence tomography angiography detection
Authors: Lee Hsuan-Yi , Chen Jun , Ying Pin , Xu San-Hua , Kang Min , Zou Jie , Liao Xu-Lin , Shi Wenqing , Ling Qian , Wang Yi-Xin , Wei Hong , Shao Yi
Published: September 2023

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder that primarily causes symmetrical polyarthritis and bone deformity. In RA patients, sight-threatening inflammatory eye complications would be expected.

Objective: The objective of the study is to ascertain the macular retinal vessel density changes in RA patients and controls using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to investigate the association between disease and microvascular density alterations.

Methods: A total of 12 RA patients (24 eyes) and 12 age- and gender-matched control participants (24 eyes) were recruited to the study. We used the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study partitioning, hemispheric quadrants and annular partitioning to segment each image into different subregions. The vascular density of superficial retina layer, deep retina layer and conjunctival capillary plexus was quantitatively measured by OCTA and compared with the control group. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between STMI and conjunctival capillaries densities.

Results: In the superficial retinal layer, the vascular density of S, I, L, SL, SR, IL and C1-C5 were significantly decreased in the RA group compared with the control group (P<0.05). For the deep retinal layer, the vascular density of S, SL, SR, IL, C1, C2 and C4 also decreased in RA group. A significant positive correlation was indicated between conjunctival vascular and STMI densities (r = 0.713, P<0.05).

Conclusion: OCTA results suggest that RA patients present with a reduced macular retinal vascular density. These subtle alterations of ocular microcirculation may precede severe eye involvements and may be a potential biomarker for early distinguishing abnormal eyes from healthy eyes.
Blending from binarity in microlensing searches toward the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Blaineau T. , Moniez M.
Published: September 2023

Context. Studies of gravitational microlensing effects require the estimation of their detection efficiency as soon as one wants to quantify the massive compact objects along the line of sight of source targets. This is particularly important for setting limits on the contribution of massive compact objects to the Galactic halo. These estimates of detection efficiency must not only account for the blending effects of accidentally superimposed sources in crowded fields, but also for possible mixing of light from stars belonging to multiple gravitationally bound stellar systems.

Aims. Until now, only blending due to accidental alignment of stars had been studied, in particular as a result of high-resolution space images. In this paper, we address the impact of unresolved binary sources that are physically gravitationally bound and not accidentally aligned, in the case of microlensing detection efficiencies toward the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).

Methods. We used the Gaia catalog of nearby stars to constrain the local binarity rate, which we extrapolated to the distance of the LMC. Then we estimated an upper limit to the impact of this binarity on the detection efficiency of microlensing effects, as a function of lens mass.

Results. We find that a maximum of 6.2% of microlensing events on LMC sources due to halo lenses heavier than 30 M⊙ could be affected as a result of the sources belonging to unresolved binary systems. This number is the maximum fraction of events for which the source is a binary system separated by about one angular Einstein radius or more in a configuration where light-curve distortion could affect the efficiency of some detection algorithms. For events caused by lighter lenses on LMC sources, our study shows that the chances of blending effects by binary systems is likely to be higher and should be studied in more detail to improve the accuracy of efficiency calculations.
To grow old and peculiar: Survey of anomalous variable stars in M80 with age determinations using K2 and Gaia
Authors: Molnár László , Plachy Emese , Bódi Attila , Pál András , Joyce Meridith , Kalup Csilla , Johnson Christian I. , Dencs Zoltán , Mészáros Szabolcs , Netzel Henryka , Kinemuchi Karen , Kollmeier Juna A. , Prieto Jose Luis , Derekas Aliz
Published: September 2023

The globular cluster Messier 80 was monitored by the Kepler space telescope for 80 days during the K2 mission. Continuous, high-precision photometry of such an old, compact cluster allows us for studies of its variable star population in unprecedented detail. We used differential-image photometry to extract light curves for 27 variable stars A search for new variables in the images has led to the discovery of two new variable stars: an RR Lyrae and a variable red giant star. An analysis of the RR Lyrae population reveals multiple RRc stars with additional modes and/or peculiar modulation cycles. We have newly classified the star V28 as a spotted extreme horizontal branch variable. Despite their faintness, we were also able to clearly detect the three SX Phe stars, but we did not find new pulsation modes beyond the known ones in them. Spectra taken with the VLT and Magellan Clay telescopes, as well as absolute color-magnitude diagrams of the cluster based on Gaia and Pan-STARRS observations, confirm the classification of the peculiar modulated variables as bona fide RRc stars. We propose that they highlight a subgroup of overtone stars that may have been overlooked before. We fit MESA isochrones to the CMDs to estimate the age and metallicity of the cluster. We confirm that M80 is old and metal-poor, but we show that isochrone fitting to old populations comes with numerous uncertainties.
First on-sky results of a Fabry–Perot Instrument for Oxygen Searches (FIOS) prototype
Authors: Rukdee S. , Ben-Ami S. , López-Morales M. , Szentgyorgyi A. , Charbonneau D. , García-Mejía J. , Buchner J.
Published: September 2023

Context. The upcoming Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) are expected to have a sufficient collecting area required to detect potential biosignature gases such as molecular oxygen, O2, in the atmosphere of terrestrial planets around nearby stars.

Aims. One of the most promising detection methods is transmission spectroscopy. To maximize our capability to detect O2 using this method, spectral resolutions R ≥ 300 000 are required to fully resolve the absorption lines in an Earth-like exoplanet atmosphere and disentangle the signal from telluric lines.

Methods. Current high-resolution spectrographs typically achieve a spectral resolution of R ~ 100 000. Increasing the resolution in seeing limited observations and/or instruments requires drastically larger optical components, making these instruments even more expensive and hard to fabricate and assemble. Instead, we demonstrate a new approach to high-resolution spectroscopy. We implemented an ultra-high spectral resolution booster to be coupled to a high-resolution spectrograph. The instrument is based on a chained Fabry-Perot array which generates a hyperfine spectral profile.

Results. We present on-sky telluric observations with a lab demonstrator. Depending on the configuration, this two-arm prototype reaches a resolution of R = 250 000–350 000. After carefully modeling the prototype’s behavior, we propose a Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) design for an eight-arm array configuration aimed at ELTs capable of exceeding R = 300 000.

Conclusions. The novel FPI resolution booster can be plugged in at the front end of an existing R = 100 000 spectrograph to overwrite the spectral profile with a higher resolution for exoplanet atmosphere studies.
A search for the afterglows, kilonovae, and host galaxies of two short GRBs: GRB 211106A and GRB 211227A
Authors: Ferro M. , Brivio R. , D’Avanzo P. , Rossi A. , Izzo L. , Campana S. , Christensen L. , Dinatolo M. , Hussein S. , Levan A. J. , Melandri A. , Bernardini M. G. , Covino S. , D’Elia V. , Della Valle M. , De Pasquale M. , Gompertz B. P. , Hartmann D. , Heintz K. E. , Jakobsson P. , Kouveliotou C. , Malesani D. B. , Martin-Carrillo A. , Nava L. , Nicuesa Guelbenzu A. , Pugliese G. , Salvaggio C. , Salvaterra R. , Savaglio S. , Sbarrato T. , Tanvir N. R. , Wijers R. A. M. J. , Zafar T.
Published: September 2023

Context. GRB 211106A and GRB 211227A are two recent gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) whose initial X-ray position enabled us to possibly associate them with bright, low-redshift galaxies (z < 0.7). The prompt emission properties suggest that GRB 211106A is a genuine short-duration GRB and GRB 211227A is a short GRB with extended emission. Therefore, they are likely to be produced by a compact binary merger. However, a classification based solely on the prompt emission properties can be misleading.

Aims. The possibility of having two short GRBs occurring in the local Universe makes them ideal targets for the search of associated kilonova (KN) emission and for detailed studies of the host galaxy properties.

Methods. We carried out deep optical and near-infrared (NIR) follow-up with the ESO-VLT FORS2, HAWK-I, and MUSE instruments for GRB 211106A and with ESO-VLT FORS2 and X-shooter for GRB 211227A, starting from hours after the X-ray afterglow discovery up to days later. We performed photometric analysis to look for afterglow and KN emissions associated with the bursts, together with imaging and spectroscopic observations of the host galaxy candidates. We compared the results obtained from the optical/NIR observations with the available Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT) and others high-energy data of both events.

Results. For both GRBs we placed deep limits to the optical/NIR afterglow and KN emission. We identified their associated host galaxies, GRB 211106A at a photometric redshift z = 0.64, GRB 211227A at a spectroscopic z = 0.228. From MUSE and X-shooter spectra we derived the host galaxy properties, which turned out to be consistent with short GRBs typical hosts. We also compared the properties of GRB 211106A and GRB 211227A with those of the short GRBs belonging to the S-BAT4 sample, here extended up to December 2021, in order to further investigate the nature of these two bursts.

Conclusions. Our study of the prompt and afterglow phase of the two GRBs, together with the analysis of their associated host galaxies, allows us to confirm the classification of GRB 211106A as a short GRB, and GRB 211227A as a short GRB with extended emission. The absence of an optical/NIR counterpart down to deep magnitude limits is likely due to high local extinction for GRB 211106A and a peculiarly faint kilonova for GRB 211227A.
The Orion-Taurus ridge: A synchrotron radio loop at the edge of the Orion-Eridanus superbubble
Authors: Bracco Andrea , Padovani Marco , Soler Juan D.
Published: September 2023

Large-scale synchrotron loops are recognized as the main source of diffuse radio-continuum emission in the Galaxy at intermediate and high Galactic latitudes, yet their origin remain unexplained. For the first time, using a combination of multi-frequency data in the radio band of total and polarized intensities, we were able to associate one arc, hereafter, the Orion-Taurus ridge, with the wall of the most prominent stellar-feedback blown shell in the Solar neighborhood, namely, the Orion-Eridanus superbubble. We traced the Orion-Taurus ridge using 3D maps of interstellar dust extinction and column-density maps of molecular gas,NH2. We found the Orion-Taurus ridge at a distance of 400 pc, with a plane-of-the-sky extent of 180 pc. Its medianNH2value is (1.4−0.6+2.6) × 1021cm−2. Thanks to the broadband observations below 100 MHz of the Long Wavelength Array (LWA), we were also able to compute the low-frequency spectral-index map of synchrotron emissivity,β, in the Orion-Taurus ridge. We found a flat distribution ofβwith a median value of −2.24−0.02+0.03, which we interpreted in terms of depletion of low-energy (< GeV) cosmic-ray electrons in recent supernova remnants (105–106yr). Our results are consistent with plane-of-the-sky magnetic-field strengths in the Orion-Taurus ridge greater than a few tens of μG (> 30 − 40 μG). We report the first detection of diffuse synchrotron emission from cold-neutral, partly molecular gas in the surroundings of the Orion-Eridanus superbubble. This observation opens a new perspective for studies of the multiphase and magnetized interstellar medium with the advent of future high-sensitivity radio facilities, such as theC-Band All-Sky Survey (C-BASS) and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA).
Optimization of the parameters of the spring rack of the cultivator
Authors: Kravchenko Lyudmila , Chayka Yevgeniy , Zhurba Viktor
Published: September 2023

An important generally recognized factor in improving the quality of cultivation in recent years is the elastic fastening of working organs. It is believed that the working bodies fixed with elastic struts make intense vibrations, which leads to an improvement in the quality of soil crumbling and a decrease in traction resistance similar to the vibrations of a vibrator. However, the paws on the elastic rack when working receive a deviation from the set processing depth by 10-15% more than with a rigid suspension and do not maintain the optimal cutting geometry. It is established that elastic displacements depend on the configuration of spring struts.
Control of heat loss for heating the substrate of the biocomposting process
Authors: Kuznetsov Evgeny , Khadzhidi Anna , Kravchenko Lyudmila , Poltorak Jan
Published: September 2023

Soil biota (earthworms) plays an important role in the biocomposting of waste from agro-industrial enterprises. Maintaining the required humidity and temperature of the substrate determines the maximum yield of vermicompost (biocompost), which depends on the vital activity of worms. The article presents the results of preparation of the substrate by aerobic composting from the solid phase of pig manure and the liquid phase of alcohol waste with an admixture, crushed straw for biocomposting while controlling the temperature regime, humidity and maintaining a neutral environment. A dependence is obtained that determines the heating time of the vermicompost and provides control over heat loss when the substrate temperature drops below the critical temperatures in the bioreactor.
Effect of seedling thickness on stem height and number of leaves of oil sunflower cultivars
Authors: Ergasheva Nargiza
Published: September 2023

This paper reports on the effect of seedling thickness on stem height and leaf number of oilseed sunflower. According to him, the local Dilbar (st) variety compared to foreign Buzuluk and Rodnik varieties, when the seedling thickness was set at 50, 60, and 70,000 per hectare, the plant was superior in terms of height and number of leaves, but when the number of seedlings was increased to 80,000, the growth slowed down and reached an average of 226.4 cm. and while the height of the plant in the Buzuluk variety is average, it was determined that the height of the plant in the Rodnik variety is high, i.e. 234.3 cm, at the thickness of 80,000 seedlings per hectare.
Development of moths in tomato crop and methods of moth control
Authors: Ergasheva Khonoyim
Published: September 2023

Heliothis armigera (cotton moth or cocoon worm) is considered one of the worst pests of tomatoes in Uzbekistan, in addition to cotton. All stages of the pest can develop in this crop. The pest lays its eggs individually on the body, flowers and blooms of the plant. Worms hatched from the eggs gnaw the plant body, flowers and fruits. Each worm can damage 10-12 tomatoes per plant. Damaged crops wither, and large ones rot. In some cases (mostly in the Yusupov variety), infected large fruits do not rot, but may form a scar, but the quality and appearance of the product will be lost. Not all varieties are equally affected by the cocoon worm: the Yusupov variety is the strongest, and the Volgograd 5/95 and Talalikhin varieties are less affected. But there is no type of tomato that is not damaged at all, and in some years the yield can decrease up to 50%. In this article, the species composition, distribution area, bioecology, development and damage caused by moths in the tomato plant are studied, and the level of harmfulness is studied. In this case, the length and weight of moths at different ages of moths were determined in laboratory conditions. When the first young worms of the moth were placed in the tomato plant, compared to the control option, it was found that the tomato yield decreased by 73.3% and the total yield decreased by 2.15 kg. During the fruiting period, the option affected by cocoon worm showed a 53.3% decrease in fruits compared to the control, and a loss of 1,400 kg of productivity per plant was observed as a result of the experiments.
Bioecology of russet mites in tomatoes and their control
Authors: Yusupov Abdusalim , Nuralieva Dilnoza , Kholliev Asamiddin
Published: September 2023

Tomato russet mite develops freely and quickly mainly on tomatoes and potatoes. The next places are occupied by black and red nightshades and eggplant. The mite can press both the upper and lower sides of the plant leaves. First, the lower leaves and branches of the plant begin to be damaged. It gradually spreads upwards. The affected branch becomes smooth with a brown color, yellow spots appear on the leaves, and the general color begins to turn brown. Infected flowers and small fruit buds and leaves dry up and fall off, large fruits have a web-like pattern and crack. In this article, the species composition, distribution, damage to plants and bioecology of the pest are covered in this article. The development characteristics of the russet mite by plant are presented, in which tomato, potato, and eggplant plants are the most common tomato russet mite in the analysis based on the table. In addition, the results of the research on the effect of the tomato russet mite on productivity in different growth periods are highlighted.
Impact of change in air temperature on the biological parameters of larvae and productivity of silkworm cocoons
Authors: Boboyev Yusuf , Bekkamov Chorshanbi , Nurmanova Salomat , Aminbayeva Nigora
Published: September 2023

Especially, the construction of special silkworm rooms near the mulberry yards, which are organized for harvesting mulberry silkworms several times a year, gives positive results. “…construction of special facilities for silkworm breeding, increasing the planting of mulberry seedlings on the edges of the farm, intensively continuing the activities aimed at ensuring the employment of the population due to the effective use of existing opportunities” are defined as urgent tasks. For this purpose, it is necessary to ensure that the area of rooms and special silkworm rooms selected for silkworm rearing by the silkworm rearing units of the homesteaders and farms involved in silkworm rearing is adequate, and when the silkworms pass from age to age, they should be thinned out, fertilized, and provided with sufficient quality feed. Summing up on the basis of the analyzed data, it is worth noting that during the period of silkworm rearing, full feeding of larvae during their youth, moderate air temperature in the silkworm room, smooth development of silkworms without becoming large and small, and vitality by ensuring that the biological indicators of the mulberry silkworm are high and the activity of the silk-secreting glands is increased, the productivity and yield characteristics of the cultivated silkworm cocoons are achieved.
Assessment of the safety and quality of turkey meat depending on the methods of keeping
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey , Holodova Lyudmila , Kislitsyna Nadezhda , Kislitsyna Elya , Volkov Ali , Papunidi Ellada , Yusupova Galiya , Yakupova Leysan , Volkov Renat
Published: September 2023

The research was carried out on broiler-type turkeys of the BUT-9 cross in the Republic of Mari El and private subsidiary farms. In accordance with our goals and objectives, the objects of research were blood and blood serum, red and white meat obtained from broiler turkeys of industrial type of cultivation and home type of cultivation. The study of turkey meat included: organoleptic studies, tasting evaluation of meat, determination of chemical and physico-chemical composition, energy value, amino acid and fatty acid composition of meat, microbiological studies, determination of meat freshness indicators The quality and nutritional value of meat was studied (anatomical cutting of turkey carcasses, chemical and physico-chemical indicators of meat, amino acid and fatty acid composition of meat, micro content- and macronutrients) the preservation of turkey meat of different content systems at t +2 +4 °C (organoleptic, chemical, physico-chemical, microbiological indicators) and at t-12-14 °C (organoleptic, chemical, physico-chemical indicators). White and red meat of the domestic content system is less stable during storage at t+2+4 °C according to such indicators as: pH, acidity/oxidizability coefficient, LFA, amino-ammonia nitrogen, protein, microbiological parameters (KMAFAnM). The study of the storage conditions of turkey meat at t-12-14 °C ensures the safety of meat a home growing system for 72 hours, and an industrial one for 96 hours. The meat of all growing systems, both females and males, had high stability during freezing storage. Study of storage conditions at t -12-14°C ensures the preservation of meat for 6 months without reducing the freshness indicators.
Methods of examination and assessment of the safety of goat meat of the Zaanen breed
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey , Smirnov Alexander , Kislitsyna Nadezhda , Papunidi Ellada , Makarov Andrey , Garafutdinova Nadezhda , Nikolaev Nikita , Abdullina Leysan , Beloglazova Olga
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study was to develop a comprehensive system of veterinary and sanitary examination of the safety and quality of slaughter products of Zaanen goats. The studies were conducted on goats at the age of 36 months. According to the results of veterinary and sanitary examination of organs and carcasses, all experimental animals were found to be healthy. Five muscles served as the material for studying the chemical composition: the semi-webbed muscle, the biceps femur, the longest back, the biceps shoulder and intercostal muscles were studied. Organoleptic studies of meat and internal organs were carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7269-79, physico-chemical studies of meat were carried out in accordance with GOST 23392-78, the mineral composition of tissues was studied on an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The biological value of Zaanen goat meat was determined according to the “Methodological recommendations for the use of the express method of biological evaluation of products and feeds”. Studies have shown that to assess the safety and quality of goat cuts and carcasses as meat raw materials, anatomical characteristics and morphometric parameters of regional lymph nodes should be used: heads - mandibular, parotid and pharyngeal lateral and medial; necks - superficial and deep cervical; thoracic limbs - axillary, axillary of the first rib and superficial cervical; sternum - axillary; chest wall - superficial cervical and intercostal; lower back - lumbar; pelvic extremity - popliteal, superficial and deep inguinal; the mammary glands are supramental.
Advantages of Bushuev cattle breed in livestock farming
Authors: Akmalkhonov Talat , Ballasov Ulugbek
Published: September 2023

The milk yield of Bushuev cattle bred in the extremely hot climate of Syrdarya region was 2742 kg in the first lactation, 3412 kg in the second lactation, and 3597 kg in the third lactation. According to the herd with high milk productivity in 4-6 months, in the III-lactation, 700 kg more milk was milked from dairy cattle than in the I and II-lactation. It was observed that the coefficient of milk production of cattle increases with the increase of lactation periods. The difference between them was 100-200 kg. The results of the analysis showed that the highest live weight was observed in the III-lactation group of cattle and was 468 kg. According to the results of the inspection carried out on the farm, the fat content of the milk of the cattle in the herd was 3.9-4.1%. The average fat content of milk was 113.4 -164.7 kg. Feed consumption of 1 liter of milk obtained from Bushuev dairy cattle was equal to 1.15 feed units. The average amount of milk milked from one head of cattle in the farm was 3572 kg. The unit of feed consumed during lactation was 4107 kg.
Methods of reclamation of neutral salt flats
Authors: Kravchenko Lyudmila , Zhurba Viktor , Chayka Yevgeniy
Published: September 2023

To increase the fertility of neutral salt pans and improve their physico-chemical properties under intensive irrigation, it is necessary to apply a set of measures. Reclamation of saline soils should be aimed at reducing the content of exchangeable sodium in the absorbing complex, improving the chemical and water-physical properties of soils and creating a highly fertile root-inhabited soil layer. When developing salt flats under irrigation conditions, both in the reclamation and in the operational period, the processes of secondary alkalinization, salinization and salinization of salt flats of zonal soils should be completely excluded. When choosing a method for reclamation of salt pans, which ensures soil desalination and prevents their alkalinization and salinization, it is necessary to take into account the content of exchangeable sodium, the depth of occurrence and reserves of gypsum and carbonates in salt pans of salinization of salt pans and zonal soils, as well as the amount of secondary absorbed sodium and secondary soda formed as a result of exchange reactions.
Territorial expansion and sustainable development: a case study of regional small businesses
Authors: Elsebaie Nazeeh , Fokina Olga , Lukashenko Inna , Mottaeva Angela , Fatkullina Alina
Published: September 2023

Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs play a critical role in driving sustainable economic growth and development. As engines of innovation and job creation, they are essential for fostering entrepreneurship and promoting sustainable development at the local and regional levels. In particular, SMEs have the potential to provide a range of economic, social, and environmental benefits, including creating new jobs, increasing local purchasing power, and contributing to the development of local communities. SMEs account for two out of every three jobs worldwide, with over 50 percent of employment in the private sector in developing economies. Furthermore, small businesses are often more adaptable and responsive to the needs of local markets, making them better equipped to compete with larger companies in the same industry. Given their important role in sustainable development, it is crucial to examine ways to support and promote the growth of regional small businesses, including through sustainable territorial expansion. This article presents a case study of an optics network to examine the challenges and opportunities for sustainable territorial expansion of regional small businesses. The study employs a mixed-methods research design, including an analysis of the optics network’s client base, a survey of key criteria for competitiveness in the optics industry, and an analysis of potential options for sustainable territorial expansion through the development of territorial representation.
Digitalization - as the main factor in the development of the quality management system of the textiles industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Nurullo Khalilov , Nafisa Safina
Published: September 2023

In this article are discussed the impact of digitalization of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the development of a quality management system for the textiles industry.
Effects of different salinity levels in topsoil on the growth, development and yield of winter wheat
Authors: Isaev Sabirjan , Gofirov Azim , Tadjiyev Sunnat , Bulanbayeva Perizat , Djumanazarova Altingul
Published: September 2023

In this article, winter wheat varieties “Andijan-2” and “Andijan-4” were fed with mineral fertilizers under the conditions of irrigated, salinized, light gray soils of different degrees of salinity in the Syrdarya region of Uzbekistan. Compared to the control option, the volume mass of the soil increased by 0.02-0.03 g/cm3, the porosity of the soil decreased to 0.4-1.2%, and the water permeability of the soil increased to 3.8-23.6 m3/ha. Depending on the level of salinity, it was found that 2.2-2.5 centners of additional grain yield was obtained between the open and cotton rows of “Andijon-2” and “Andijon-4” varieties of winter wheat on soils with different levels of salinity with mineral fertilizers at different rates. The standard of seasonal irrigation of winter wheat planted between open and cotton rows was 2850-3050 m3/ha, water consumption was 98.9 m3/ha in the open field without salinity, and 87.4 m3/ha in the field planted between cotton rows. In accordance with the above, it was 118.3 and 106.1 m3/ha in the field with low salinity, and 194.3 and 173.9 m3/ha in the medium salinity field. In the maintenance of winter wheat varieties “Andijon-2” and “Andijon-4” on soils with different degrees of salinity, compared to the non-saline field, the net profit was 105,992 UZS and the rate of profitability increased to 16.1%.
Effect of late nitrogen nutrition on formation of harvest elements, grain yield, and quality indicators of winter wheat
Authors: Azizov Bakhrom , Khudaykulov Jonibek , Israilov Inomjon
Published: September 2023

It is known that almost 50% of winter wheat harvest is due to mineral fertilizers. Among mineral fertilizers, nitrogenous fertilizers are of special importance. The plant’s response to nitrogen fertilizers starts from the initial stages of plant development and continues until the ripening stage. Nitrogen is involved in all physiological processes in the plant. Nitrogen fertilizers differ from other types of macro fertilizers in their mobility. These fertilizers have a quick effect on the plant and are easily absorbed by the plant. There are different opinions about winter wheat fertilization. Some experts believe that the annual rate of nitrogen fertilizers should be applied in the early stages of development, in early spring. Other authors state that nitrogen fertilization is necessary two or three times during the season. In the experiment, a relatively low indicator of grain yield was observed in the control option of 35 q/ha, and the highest indicator was 72 q/ha in the triple-fed option. In the experiment, additional nitrogen fertilization provided an additional grain yield of 21-37 q/ha of winter wheat. The highest results for all quality indicators of grain were recorded in conditions where nitrogen fertilizer was applied at the rate of 80+80+40 kg/ha three times during the growing season. In this variant, the grain transparency was 90%, the protein content was 14.3%, and the gluten content was 30.3%.
Chemical and agrochemical properties of typical rainfed sierozem soils of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kodirova Dilrabo , Safarova Nilufar , Safarov Bunyod , Turdaliev Jamolbek
Published: September 2023

The agrochemical properties of soil are important for its fertility, plant growth and development, and harvesting. In this case, humus is one of the main indicators of the total amount of nutrients. These indicators vary by soil layer. The reduction of the amount of humus in the lower layers of the soil has a negative effect on the agrophysical and agrochemical properties of the soil. Soil humus is a complex of high molecular complex chemicals consisting of protein, amino acid, wax, tar, low molecular organic acids, cellulose, lignin, chitin and other substances. Its amount is closely related to a number of factors and conditions - the amount and quality of biomass falling into the soil, the chemical composition of the soil, the environment, water-air, thermal properties, and physical-mechanical properties. This article presents information on the chemical and agrochemical status of typical rainfed sierozems. According to the results of the study, rainfed sierozems are very low in humus, low to moderate in mineral nitrogen and mobile phosphorus, moderate to high in exchangeable potassium. Carbonates are not evenly distributed along the profile of rainfed silozems, that is, some sections differ from the surface layers in their carbonate content, while in other sections, some accumulation of carbonates is observed in the middle and lower layers.
The role of timely diagnosis and treatment of ENT pathologies in maintaining the physical health of patients
Authors: Zolotar A. , Malevanets A. , Meteleva E. , Mustafaeva S. , Timan A. , Farzalyeva E. , Avkaeva S. , Serdtseva V.
Published: September 2023

The presented work analyzes the need for specialized diagnostic procedures in order to identify the presence of certain ENT pathologies in the patient, since their untimely detection and, as a result, treatment directly affect the physical health of a person as a whole. It is noted that a decrease in patients’ attention to their health, as well as an untimely appeal to a specialized specialist for advice, can lead to the development of serious complications and even surgical intervention. The authors investigate in detail the features of common ENT diseases, possible symptoms, as well as complications that arise in the case of a chronic course of such diseases. At the same time, considerable emphasis is placed on the importance of the prevention of ENT diseases, among these measures are proper nutrition, a healthy lifestyle, regular medical examinations and following recommendations for the care of ENT organs. The paper emphasizes that timely diagnosis and treatment of ENT pathologies should be identified as key factors that ensure the necessary level of physical health of patients, for this reason, it is necessary to consult a specialist at the first symptoms of the disease. Investigating the methods of diagnosis of ENT diseases, the authors of the work also pay attention to the consideration of methods of treatment of ENT diseases, especially noting conservative therapy, since at the early stages of the development of the disease it allows to restore the patient’s health without resorting to surgical intervention. Based on the results of consideration of the problem, it should be concluded that timely referral to a specialist, diagnosis and treatment of ENT diseases are necessary conditions for maintaining and improving the physical health of patients and their quality of life.
Improving the treatment of migraine and epilepsy comorbidity
Authors: Saidvaliev F.S. , Mavlonov M.M.
Published: September 2023

The article is aimed to determine the specific features of common neurological diseases, migraine and epilepsy comorbidity, correct selection of drugs and increasing the effectiveness of treatment in cases where migraine and epilepsy are comorbid. A total of 60 (100%) patients were recruited during the study. 30 of them (the main group) were diagnosed with migraine and epilepsy and were prescribed lamotrigine, and 30 patients (the control group) were diagnosed with migraine and epilepsy and were prescribed convulex. The clinical course of migraine, the level of cognitive disorders, the quality of life of patients, and the level of limitation of daily work were studied in patients of both groups.
Social support of young medical personnel in the conditions of sustainable development of rural areas of Kazakhstan
Authors: Malbekova Dinura , Demushkan Olga , Kassymova Anara , Umralin Timur , Yessymkhanova Zeinegul , Valiyeva Saltanat
Published: September 2023

Rural areas in Kazakhstan face serious health challenges, as health workers often leave for cities in search of better working and living conditions. In order to retain health workers in rural areas, conditions need to be created that make them feel confident and motivated to stay in place. In recent years, Kazakhstan has been actively developing programs for the sustainable development of rural areas, including in the field of healthcare. The article considers the issues aimed at creating favorable conditions for the effective work of medical workers, improving access to health care for the population and the development of rural health infrastructure. The main emphasis is on retaining medical staff in rural areas through various social support measures. The international experience of social support for young professionals is studied. A conclusion is made and priority areas for sustainable development of rural health care are formulated.
Forming neuroendocrine apparatus of lung in ontogenesis
Authors: Blinova S. A. , Oripov F. S. , Yuldasheva N. , Khamidova F. M. , Ismoilov J. M.
Published: September 2023

Aim of the research is to show the developing legitimacy APUD-system of lungs in pre and post ontogenesis. Condition of neuroendocrine apparatus of lungs on rabbits was studied during the fetal embryogenesis of inner development and after 1-180 days of the birth. Duration of the research on rabbits was chosen according to their changing afterbirth features as physiological function of organism; was selected the periods of newborn stage, enlightenment, complication of locomotion, pre-pubertal and pubertal. Materials were fixed by immersion in liquid of Buena. After suitable wiring, the material was flooded in paraffin. Histologic shears were colored hematoxylin and eosin, stain of Van –Gieson, resorcinol-fuchsinol of Veingeirt. For detecting endocrine cells of shear impregnated by the method of Gremeluise. Luminescent histochemical research was done with the help of V.N. Shvalyova and N.N. Juchkova method with applying glyoxylic acid on fresh-iced shears. For defining, the amount of fluorescent monoamine (serotonin and catecholamine) was used microfluorimetry. However, the intensification of histogenetic processes occurring in the organ after birth due to the expansion of physiological functions is accompanied by an increase in the number of apudocytes and NET. The content of catecholamines and serotonin in neuroendocrine structures depends on the period of growth and differentiation of the lung: during the intensive growth of the respiratory organs in the fetal period and in newborns, the level of catecholamines in apudocytes and NET is increased; with the predominance of differentiation processes in the neuroendocrine apparatus, the serotonin content increases.
Risk factors for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) in asians: a research case-control
Authors: Tashinova Laylo , Khamraeva Nasiba , Mambetova Lobar , Khasanov Farrukh , Ibragimov Khasan
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to assess the nature of injuries and determine the risk factors for accumulated injuries in a group of patients with SLE. Materials and methods. A retrospective review of the map and medical history in the therapeutic department of the SamMI clinic was conducted on a group of 75 patients with SLE. The collected data included (1) age at the time of diagnosis, (2) gender, (3) heredity, (4) manifestations of the disease at diagnosis, (5) laboratory data, including a general blood test, complement levels (C3, C4). Results. 225 people were included in this study: 75 in the main group (patients with asthma) and 150 in the control group (healthy). Of the participants in the study, 44% were women and 56% were men; both groups were the same gender. The damage from the disease was significantly associated with a younger age at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.03), the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations at any stage of the disease (P <0.01), a large number of lesions of the main organs (P <0.01), a large number of lesions. outbreaks of lupus (P <0.01) and a greater number of episodes of serious infection (P = 0.02). Conclusions. This study presents a picture of accumulated damage in a group of 59 Asian patients with SLE. This shows that the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations is a significant risk factor for damage. Other likely risk factors for the disease include younger age at the time of diagnosis, a greater number of lesions of the main organs, a greater number of exacerbations and serious infections.
The state of the prostacyclin-thromboxane system in patients after aorto-coronary bypass surgery
Authors: Kattakhanova R. Yu. , Kanataeva U. N.
Published: September 2023

In order to clarify the role of the prostacyclin-thromboxane system (PTS) in the development of acute circulatory disorders in the early postoperative period after coronary artery bypass surgery, its condition was studied in 86 patients with coronary artery disease. In patients with the development of vascular insufficiency and shock, a decrease in the level of thromboxane in the blood was revealed, while in patients with arterial hypertension, elevated concentrations of thromboxane in the blood were determined in the absence of changes in the level of prostacyclin. There were no significant differences in the content of prostacyclin and thromboxane between groups of patients with uncomplicated postoperative course and with the development of such complications as heart failure and hypovolemia.
Determining the health of children and adolescents
Authors: Ashurova M. D. , Makhamatov U. Sh. , Saydullaeva K. M. , Valiyev A. L. , Isroilov F. I.
Published: September 2023

The health of children and adolescents is formed during the period of growth and development under the influence of a complex of important internal factors and external influences. The health of children and adolescents is determined not only by the presence or absence of diseases, but also by age-appropriate development, as well as the normal state of the main indicators of the body. To characterize the health status of children and adolescents, taking into account the prevalence of diseases and pathological lesions, the following indicators are widely used: detection of morbidity by direction, health index, episodic morbidity, the number of frequently ill children and pathological lesions.
Impaired carbohydrate tolerance as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease among the population of the Fergana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Sadikov U. T. , Karimova M. M. , Akhunbaev O. A. , Kholboboeva Sh. A. , Suyarov Sh. M.
Published: September 2023

In the Fergana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where about 70% of the population is engaged in agriculture, epidemiological studies on IHD in connection with the combination of risk factors among rural men and women of working age have not been carried out, which makes it impossible to fully assess the epidemiological situation in our region. The aim of the research was to study the epidemiological conditions in relation to IHD in connection with ICT and other risk factors. To identify IHD and risk factors, we chose a continuous method of epidemiological examination using the Rose questionnaire, blood pressure measurements, ECG decoding according to the Minnesota code, glucose tolerance test, anthropometric and biochemical studies. When analyzing the prevalence of IHD in the quintile distribution of risk factors among men and women, a high correlation was found with an increase in blood glucose levels on an empty stomach and 2 hours after exercise. To determine the group for the prevention of IHD, we used a logistic model that allows us to calculate the individual risk, considering the presence and potential of risk factors. Evaluation of the informativeness of each risk factor showed that both in men and women, ICT has the highest prognostic value for IHD. In a mass survey of the rural population of the Fergana Valley, to identify IHD and the contingent “threatened” in relation to IHD, it is necessary to widely conduct a carbohydrates tolerance test.
Relevance and current state of the problem of diagnosing liver damage in closed abdominal trauma
Authors: Saloxiddinov N. , Rayimov G. N.
Published: September 2023

We analyzed the results of treatment 134 victims with a closed abdominal trauma with liver damage. Diagnosis of closed abdominal injuries with damage to the liver was performed in the operating room, and wore a complex character. Compulsory execution of CT of the brain, in patients with concomitant trauma, reduced the mortality rate from swelling and the dislocation of the brain at traumatic brain injury. In assisting the victims with a closed abdominal trauma with damage to the liver was used individualized treatment and diagnostic program takes into account the scale of the VPH - MT, as well as the degree of liver damage classification E.Moore et al. (1990). In this case, Assisted Surgery hemostasis ran only hemodynamically stable victims with severe injuries of the abdomen on a scale of VPH-MT for isolated lesions of the liver I-II degree classification EMoore (1990). During laparotomy for I-III degrees of liver damage on the classification ofE. Moore (1990), hemodynamically stable victims with severe and extremely severe injuries of the abdomen on a scale of VpH-MT is the primary suture of liver injury. Atypical resection of hepatic lobe is indicated for IV-V degrees of liver damage in patients with severe injuries of the abdomen on a scale of VPH-MT, as well as admissible in grade IV liver injury in hemodynamically stable victims of extremely severe injuries of the abdomen on a scale of VPH-MT.
Molecular screening of oxacillinases beta-lactamase among gentamicin-resistantEscherichia coliisolates
Authors: Mohammed-Ali Doush Nada Ayad , Tuwaij Nabil Salim Saaid
Published: September 2023

Expansion of β-lactamases in Gram-negative rods has been documented as most severe threat to the management of infectious diseases. The ever-increasing use of antibiotics with the evolution of intrinsic and acquired resistance has led to the development of resistance mechanism in Gram-negative rods contributing to the expansion of several multi-drug resistance epidemics in hospital environment. So this study aimed to investigate genes responsible for Oxacillinases production among gentamicin- resistantEscherichia coliisolates. The results showed that out of 573 specimens, 270 (56.13%) showed bacterial growth versus 264(46.07%) showed no bacterial growth 309(53.92%), among 573 clinical specimens 102(17.80%) were male patients while 471(82.19%) were female patients. According to result of the vitek-2 system recorded 110 isolates asE. coli. However result of gentamicin susceptibility demonstrated that 29 (26.36%)E. coliisolates were resistance to gentamicin compared with 39 (35.45%) and 42 (38.18%) of isolates were intermediate and sensitive to this antibiotic respectively. Results of antibiotic susceptibility showed that the highest bacterial resistance was Tobramycin 27(93.1%) and Ciprofloxacin 29(100 %),while Nitrofurantoin 3(10.3%) had the least resistance. Results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR ) amplification showed thatOXA, OXA-1 and OXA-9,OXA-10were 29(100%),26/(89.65%),29(100%) and 20(68.96%) respectively While OXA-2 did not detect.
Scale “Subjective age” adaptation on the sample of russian retirees: contribution to the sustainable development of society
Authors: Chestyunina Yuliya , Zabelina Ekaterina
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of adaptation of the Scale of Subjective Age on a sample of the retirees living in the industrial city of Russia. The procedure of statistical verification of the «Age-of-me» method is detailed. The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (N=291), as well as the results of the correlation analysis, confirmed the factor and convergence validity of the scale on the sample of retirees. The scale shows an acceptable level of reliability of the scale in terms of internal consistency. The prospects of applying the technique in socio-psychological research are discussed.