bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modernization of Agrarian Economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kurmanova G. K. , Sukhanberdina B. B. , Urazova B. A.
Published: October 2021

In this article we study what the concept of «modernization» in the agricultural economy entails. Thanks to modernization, the agricultural economy is becoming more efficient based on a new development model. The analysis of the modernization of the agricultural economy is important for understanding the development of the country. And if, in general, the process of modernization in modern Kazakhstan is quite actively studied by specialists, then the chosen aspect-the modernization of the agricultural economy-is poorly studied in domestic science. The study of the agricultural sector in the context of modernization allows us to substantiate conclusions and practical proposals for improving the dynamic development of agriculture and achieving a new quality of life for the rural population. The concept of «modernization of the agricultural economy» is clarified as a multi-faceted process of complex innovations carried out by subjects of both the agricultural economy and industrial subjects, which ensures the transition to a new level of crop productivity and productivity of farm animals. Modernization of the agricultural economy is identical to economic investment. The financial resources in the process of modernization providing and generating are investments. The research logic reflects the author’s view of the modern concept of modernization in the agrarian economy, considering the integration between development and modernization into a new format. The starting point of this scientific article is the determination of the role and place of modernization in agriculture to ensure food security and independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Organizational-Economic Trends and Urgent Problems of Digitalization of the Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Beisembai E. , Titkov A. A. , Zhumagalievna S. I.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this scientific article is to identify modern trends in the formation of the economic and organizational foundations for the development of the digital economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, to identify the main problems in these areas and ways to solve them. The main initial data for writing a scientific article were official statistical information in the field of development of communications and information and telecommunication technologies, scientific periodicals, including the near and far abroad, practical data of entrepreneurial structures directly leading production and economic activities in the digital and computer technology. The hypothesis of scientific research is the need to form the institutional foundations for building a digital economy, focused on the implementation of infrastructural development of digitalization processes at the macro and micro levels. The institutional framework aﬀects both the public sector and the business entrepreneurship sector. In the strategic period for the development of the digital economy, indicative programs for business structures, as well as organizational scenarios for the state, should be developed. The main methods of scientific research were analytical and synthetic, statistical, computational, and analytical research methods, the method of hypotheses. As the results of the study, attention was focused on the dynamics of the contribution of digitalization processes to the economic growth of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the main economic problems that hinder the intensification of the development of the digital economy were identified. The main scientific contribution of the study is focused on the priorities for solving the problems of digitalization of the economy within the strategic and long-term periods, including micro- and macroeconomic levels.
Conceptualizing of Rural Settlements Development
Authors: Satybaldin A. A. , Tleuberdinova A. T. , Kulik X. V.
Published: October 2021

The problem of territorial development is quite relevant for countries that cause a wide range of development issues: a low level of quality of life, underdeveloped infrastructure, migration of the working-age population to urban areas, etc. countryside. Certain difficulties in the development of rural areas are currently characteristic of Kazakhstan, 41 percent of whose population lives in rural areas. In recent years, there has been a stable trend of the outflow of the rural population, mainly young people, to the cities. The main reason for this phenomenon is dissatisfaction with the living conditions in the countryside. Rural areas of the country are characterized by low incomes of the population, underdeveloped transport infrastructure, lack of many utilities, insufficient provision of social services (health, education, culture).This situation cannot but worry the country’s leadership, since it has a multi-vector impact on the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan: food self-sufficiency of the country’s regions, the export potential of the agricultural sector, and the balanced structure of the economy. In this connection, there is a need for a detailed solution of problems and the search for their ways, methods and mechanisms for achieving goals. According to the authors of the article, the proposed author’s model can become a basis for optimal development of the country.

The authors analyzed the existing definitions of “development”, “rural areas”, “development of rural areas”, gave their own formulation of the definition of the development of rural areas. Based on the study of foreign experience, important aspects of rural development policy have been identified, the authors have proposed mechanisms by which rural development can be implemented.

The article focuses on the importance of interaction between all stakeholders interested in the development of rural areas.

The purpose of this article is to develop the author’s conceptual model for the development of rural areas based on a theoretical review of existing definitions.

The results of the research - the author’s definition and the proposed conceptual model are of interest both for scientific research in this area and for practical programs for rural development.
The Impact of the Internal Expenditures on R&D in the Growth of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Rakhmetova R. U. , Nurpeissova A. A. , Andekina R. E.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to investigate the relationship between the number of active small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan and the number of internal costs for research and development projects based on the use of economic and mathematical forecasting methods. As a result of the application of statistical and mathematical methods, the analysis of changes in the number of active SMEs and the volume of R&D expenditures in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 1999-2019 was carried out on the basis of constructing a paired linear regression model. The quality of the model was assessed, the interval for the lower and upper boundaries of the forecast of changes in the indicators of the number of active SMEs from the volume of R&D expenditures was calculated. An economic interpretation of the calculated data obtained because of constructing a linear paired regression model is given. It was revealed that the number of active SMEs by 94.5% is explained by the volume of internal R&D expenditures. A point forecast for the number of active SMEs has been calculated when the volume of internal R&D expenditures changes for 2022. The calculation of indicators of the lower and upper boundaries of the predicted value of the number of active SMEs has been carried out. With an increase in the volume of internal expenditures on R&D in the GDP of the Republic of Kazakhstan to 92,178 million tenge, the number of active small and medium-sized enterprises will be in the range from 1,244,436 to 1,669,622 units.
Аnаlysis of Potеntiаl, Struсturе, Dynаmiсs of Dеvеlopmеnt of Kаzаkhstаn’s Sсiеnсе
Authors: Mussayeva D. M. , Alibekova G. Zh. , Tunc Medeni , Dabylova M. I.
Published: October 2021

This article analyzes the scientific potential, its structure, and dynamics of development in Kazakhstan to develop strategic recommendations for the further development of science. The main purpose of the scientific work is to obtain accurate data on the state of the dynamics of the development of Kazakh science. The main research methods were generalization, systematization, and the economic and statistical method. The statistical base of the study was the data of the Statistics Committee of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2010 to 2020. According to the analysis, it was revealed that the state budget plays the main role in the financing of R&D in the republic, and the priority direction of R&D is research in the field of engineering developments and technologies. While there are several problems in the field of social sciences and humanities in Kazakhstan: the tendency to reduce the sphere of social sciences, a low proportion of highly qualified personnel in the humanities, a low material and technical base of social and humanitarian research, which is manifested in a high share of labor costs. Positive trends in the growth of costs for R&D, the development of the entrepreneurial sector of science, as well as negative trends in reducing costs for medical sciences were revealed. It is shown that there is a critical situation with the reproduction of scientific personnel, especially highly qualified personnel. The results of the study may be of interest to government authorities in the field of science.
Connection of Investment Activity and Digitalization in the Megacities of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Bekenova L. M. , Korvyakov V. A. , Drapkin I. M.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the influence of digitalization factors on the investment activity of the largest cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. During the research, the methods of correlation analysis, indexing, comparison, generalization, and synthesis were applied. The scientific novelty of the study lies in assessing the impact of digitalization on the investment potential of cities. The authors selected and analyzed indicators for assessing the level of digitalization of the megalopolises of the Republic of Kazakhstan; the methodology was modified and the level of digitalization of cities of republican significance of the Republic of Kazakhstan was assessed, conclusions were drawn about the current and future potential of digitalization as a factor in increasing the investment attractiveness of these cities. General conclusions were made that for Almaty and Nur-Sultan, digitalization is already a good factor in attracting investment, while Shymkent needs enhanced development of digital infrastructure for it to become a factor in increasing investment activity in the city. The research results can be used both in the formation of long-term plans for the development of these cities, and as a basis for further research in this direction. Prospects for further research on this topic - in increasing the available reliable and relevant data through the collection of official statistics, expanding the range of digitalization factors affecting investment activity and the use of more comprehensive assessment methods that will determine not only the closeness of the relationship, but also the exact value of the effects of factors each other.
POTRET STUNTING PADA ANAK PENDIDIKAN USIA DINI
Authors: Silaban Jojor
Published: October 2021

Masalah kurang gizi kronis dalam bentuk anak stunting belum menunjukkan perkembangan yang menggembirakan. Prevalensi stunting secara nasional tahun 2013 adalah 37,2 persen.Hasil penelitian Silabantahun 2015 di Kecamatan Parbuluan menunjukkan ada 31,84% anak Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) dengan keadaan stunting.Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei deskriptif, untuk menggambarkan potret stunting di Kabupaten Dairitahun 2018 denganjumlahsampel 1193 orang. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan pada anak PAUD terdapatstunting31,85 % dan severe stunting sebesar 1,17 %, apabila diakumulasikan maka anak yang bermasalah dalam hal tinggi badan seluruhnya ada 33,03 %. Anak yang mengalami stunting lebih banyak terjadi pada jenis kelamin perempuan sebesar 58,6 %, keluarga dengan penghasilan kurang yaitu sebesar 57,6 %, berat badan lahir normal sebesar 72,1 % dan hanya 27,9 % yang lahir dengan berat badan lahir rendah, mayoritas jarak kelahiran dengan adiknya dekat sebesar 53,6 %, dan mayoritas mengalami kejadian infeksi dengan kategori jarang sebesar 58,4 %.

Kata kunci : stunting, potret stunting
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA DI KECAMATAN PERCUT SEI TUAN
Authors: Sinaga Lia Rosa Veronika , Bangun Henny Arwina , Pasaribu Rahayu Agustina
Published: October 2021

Increasing population growth in Indonesia is a major problem facing the government. In addition, the weakening of the family planning program is not sufficient to solve the problem of population growth in Indonesia, so that the family planning program is established by the government whose goal is to form a healthy and prosperous family. The purpose of this study was to determine how the implementation of the family planning program in Percut Sei Tuan. This study uses a qualitative research method using a case study approach. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique means that researchers select informants who are considered to know (key informants) in this study. The data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Based on the Grindle theory which consists of several elements, including the interests of the target group, the types of benefits that can be obtained, the degree of change to be achieved, the location of decision making, program implementers, and resources that the implementation of the family planning program in Percut Sei Tuan has not fulfilled the six variables in this theory, such as there are still couples of childbearing age who do not want to participate in the implementation of the family planning program because they still believe that many children have a lot of sustenance, and are still afraid of disabilities when participating in the family planning program.
HUBUNGAN PENGALAMAN PERAWAT DAN KEBERHASILAN RESUSITASI JANTUNG PARU DI RUANG IGD,ICU DAN ICCU RSUD PROF.W.Z JOHANNES KUPANG
Authors: Aty Yoani Maria Vianney Bita , Blasius Gadur
Published: October 2021

Cardiovascular disease is a global threat and is the number one cause of death worldwide. Until now, CPR is a very vital management in cases of cardiac arrest. The results of the initial survey found that nurses often found patients who had cardiac arrest, which required CPR. Some patients were saved and some died. Based on this, it is necessary to conduct research on the experience of ER, ICU and ICCU nurses in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between nurses' experience and the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the ER, ICU and ICCU RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang. This research is a quantitative research, correlation study design. The sample used is 41 nurses. Quota sampling technique. Analysis using Chi Square. The results showed that most of the respondents had sufficient experience of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, namely 37 people (90.8%). Most of the respondents managed to perform CPR, namely 34 people (82.9%). There is a relationship between experience and the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with a p value of 0.0001. Suggestions Training for emergency cardiac arrest needs to be carried out routinely to improve the quality of CPR
Combined effects of weather conditions, transportation time and loading density on carcass damages and meat quality of market-weight pigs
Authors: Čobanović Nikola , Novaković Saša , Tomašević Igor , Karabasil Nedjeljko
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This study investigated the interactive effects of weather conditions, transportation time and loading density on carcass damages and meat quality
traits of market-weight pigs under commercial conditions. The following pork quality parameters were measured: pH and temperature; colour; drip,
thawing and cooking loss; and textural traits. Pigs were assigned to one of eight groups arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design
according to the weather conditions (hot and cold), transportation time (short and long) and loading density (high and
low). A three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (multiple comparisons) were performed to assess the differences between groups in examined pork quality
traits. Pigs exposed to short transportation (∼ 20 min) at high loading density (0.29 m2/100kg) during hot weather conditions produced meat with the lowest
initial and ultimate meat pH value and sensory colour scores, and the highest initial temperature and the occurrence of pale, soft and exudative
pork. The occurrence of pale, soft and exudative pork was reduced 5-fold during hot weather conditions when pigs were exposed to longer
transportation (∼ 210 min) and low loading density (0.53 m2/100kg). Pigs exposed to short transportation
(∼ 20 min) at high loading density (0.41 m2/100kg) during cold weather conditions produced the highest quality pork (the
highest percentage of red, firm and non-exudative pork) characterised by lowest drip loss and b∗ value and the highest sensory colour
scores. The highest percentages of carcass damages were recorded in pigs exposed to both low (0.50 m2/100kg) and high
(0.33 m2/100kg) loading density during long transportation (∼ 210 min) in cold weather conditions. In conclusion, weather
conditions and loading density are of greater importance for the occurrence of carcass damages and pork quality variation than transportation time.
Evaluation of satellite retrievals of liquid clouds from the GOES-13 imager and MODIS over the midlatitude North Atlantic during the NAAMES campaign
Authors: Painemal David , Spangenberg Douglas , Smith Jr. William L. , Minnis Patrick , Cairns Brian , Moore Richard H. , Crosbie Ewan , Robinson Claire , Thornhill Kenneth L. , Winstead Edward L. , Ziemba Luke
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Satellite retrievals of cloud droplet effective radius (re) and optical depth (τ) from the Thirteenth Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-13) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard Aqua and Terra, based on the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) project algorithms, are evaluated with airborne data collected over the midlatitude boundary layer during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). The airborne dataset comprises in situ re from the Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP) and remotely sensed re and τ from the airborne Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP). GOES-13 and MODIS (Aqua and Terra) re values are systematically greater than those from the CDP and RSP by at least 4.8 (GOES-13) and 1.7 µm (MODIS) despite relatively high linear correlation coefficients (r=0.52–0.68). In contrast, the satellite τ underestimates its RSP counterpart by −3.0, with r=0.76–0.77. Overall, MODIS yields better agreement with airborne data than GOES-13, with biases consistent with those reported for subtropical stratocumulus clouds. While the negative bias in satellite τ is mostly due to the retrievals having been collected in highly heterogeneous cloud scenes, the causes for the positive bias in satellite re, especially for GOES-13, are more complex. Although the high viewing zenith angle (∼65∘) and coarser pixel resolution for GOES-13 could explain a re bias of at least 0.7 µm, the higher GOES-13 re bias relative to that from MODIS is likely rooted in other factors. In this regard, a near-monotonic increase was also observed in GOES-13 re up to 1.0 µm with the satellite scattering angle (Θ) over the angular range 116–165∘; that is, re increases toward the backscattering direction. Understanding the variations of re with Θ will require the combined use of theoretical computations along with intercomparisons of satellite retrievals derived from sensors with dissimilar viewing geometry.
Reconstruction of Mercury’s internal magnetic field beyond the octupole
Authors: Toepfer Simon , Oertel Ida , Schiron Vanita , Narita Yasuhito , Glassmeier Karl-Heinz , Heyner Daniel , Kolhey Patrick , Motschmann Uwe
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The reconstruction of Mercury’s internal magnetic field enables us to take a look into the inner heart of Mercury. In view of the BepiColombo mission, Mercury’s magnetosphere is simulated using a hybrid plasma code and the multipoles of the internal magnetic field are estimated from the virtual spacecraft data using three distinct reconstruction methods: the truncated singular value decomposition, the Tikhonov regularization and Capon’s minimum variance projection. The study shows that a precise determination of Mercury’s internal field beyond the octupole, up to the dotriacontapole is possible and that Capon’s method provides the same high performance as the Tikhonov regularization, which is superior to the performance of the truncated singular value decomposition.
Validation of SSUSI-derived auroral electron densities: comparisons to EISCAT data
Authors: Bender Stefan , Espy Patrick J. , Paxton Larry J.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The coupling of the atmosphere to the space environment has become recognized as an important driver of atmospheric chemistry and dynamics. In order to quantify the effects of particle precipitation on the atmosphere, reliable global energy inputs on spatial scales commensurate with particle precipitation variations are required. To that end, we have validated auroral electron densities derived from the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager (SSUSI) data products for average electron energy and electron energy flux by comparing them to EISCAT (European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association) electron density profiles. This comparison shows that SSUSI far-ultraviolet (FUV) observations can be used to provide ionization rate and electron density profiles throughout the auroral region. The SSUSI on board the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Block 5D3 satellites provide nearly hourly, 3000 km wide high-resolution (10 km×10 km) UV snapshots of auroral emissions. These UV data have been converted to average energies and energy fluxes of precipitating electrons. Here we use those SSUSI-derived energies and fluxes as input to standard parametrizations in order to obtain ionization-rate and electron-density profiles in the E region (90–150 km). These profiles are then compared to EISCAT ground-based electron density measurements. We compare the data from two satellites, DMSP F17 and F18, to the Tromsø UHF radar profiles. We find that differentiating between the magnetic local time (MLT) “morning” (03:00–11:00 MLT) and “evening” (15:00–23:00 MLT) provides the best fit to the ground-based data. The data agree well in the MLT morning sector using a Maxwellian electron spectrum, while in the evening sector using a Gaussian spectrum and accounting for backscattered electrons achieved optimum agreement with EISCAT. Depending on the satellite and MLT period, the median of the differences varies between 0 % and 20 % above 105 km (F17) and ±15 % above 100 km (F18). Because of the large density gradient below those altitudes, the relative differences get larger, albeit without a substantially increasing absolute difference, with virtually no statistically significant differences at the 1σ level.
Gridded Flood Depth Estimates from Satellite Derived Inundations
Authors: Bryant Seth , McGrath Heather , Boudreault Mathieu
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Canada's RADARSAT missions improve the potential to study past flood events; however, existing tools to derive flood depths from this remote-sensing data do not correct for errors, leading to poor estimates. To provide more accurate gridded depth estimates of historical flooding, a new tool is proposed that integrates Height Above Nearest Drainage and Cost Allocation algorithms. This tool is tested against two trusted, hydraulically derived, gridded depths of recent floods in Canada. This validation shows the proposed tool outperforms existing tools and can provide more accurate estimates from minimal data without the need for complex physics-based models or expert judgement. With improvements in remote-sensing data, the tool proposed here can provide flood researchers and emergency managers accurate depths in near-real time.
Identification of linear response functions from arbitrary perturbation experiments in the presence of noise – Part 1: Method development and toy model demonstration
Authors: Torres Mendonça Guilherme L. , Pongratz Julia , Reick Christian H.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Existent methods to identify linear response functions from data require tailored perturbation experiments, e.g., impulse or step experiments, and if the system is noisy, these experiments need to be repeated several times to obtain good statistics. In contrast, for the method developed here, data from only a single perturbation experiment at arbitrary perturbation are sufficient if in addition data from an unperturbed
(control) experiment are available. To identify the linear response function for this ill-posed problem, we invoke regularization theory. The main novelty of our method lies in the determination of the level of background noise needed for a proper estimation of the regularization parameter: this is achieved by comparing the frequency spectrum of the perturbation experiment with that of the additional control experiment. The resulting
noise-level estimate can be further improved for linear response functions known to be monotonic. The robustness of our method and its advantages are investigated by means of a toy model. We discuss in detail the dependence of the identified response function on the quality of the data
(signal-to-noise ratio) and on possible nonlinear contributions to the response. The method development presented here prepares in particular for
the identification of carbon cycle response functions in Part 2 of this study (Torres Mendonça et al., 2021a). However, the core of our method, namely our new approach to obtaining the noise level for a proper estimation of the regularization parameter, may find applications in also solving other types of linear ill-posed problems.
Brief communication: Weak control of snow avalanche deposit volumes by avalanche path morphology
Authors: Kern Hippolyte , Eckert Nicolas , Jomelli Vincent , Grancher Delphine , Deschatres Michael , Arnaud-Fassetta Gilles
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Snow avalanches are a major component of the mountain cryosphere, but little is known about the factors controlling the variability of their deposit volumes. This study investigates the influence of avalanche path morphology on ca. 1500 deposit volumes recorded between 2003 and 2018 in 77 snow avalanche paths of the French Alps. Different statistical techniques show a slight but significant link between deposit volumes and path mean elevation and orientation, with contrasted patterns between winter and spring seasons. The limited and partially non-linear nature of this control may result from the combined influence on the genesis of deposit volumes of mean path activity, climate conditions, and mechanical thresholds determining avalanche release.
La declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para reportar revisiones sistemáticas
Authors: Ciapponi Agustin
Published: October 2021

La declaración de ítems preferidos de reporte para revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis (PRISMA, por sus iniciales en inglés), publicada en 2009, fue diseñada para ayudar a los autores de revisiones sistemáticas a reportar de manera transparente las razones para realizar la revisión, y qué hicieron y encontraron los autores. Durante la última década, los avances en la metodología y la terminología de las revisiones sistemáticas requirieron una actualización de la guía. La declaración PRISMA 2020 reemplaza la declaración de 2009 e incluye una nueva guía de reporte que refleja los avances metodológicos para identificar, seleccionar, evaluar y sintetizar estudios. La estructura y presentación de los ítems se han modificado para facilitar su implementación. En este artículo, el autor resume los aspectos relevantes de la actualización del instrumento y presenta la lista de verificación PRISMA 2020 (de 27 elementos), la lista de verificación ampliada que detalla las recomendaciones para aplicar cada ítem, la lista de verificación de resúmenes de revisiones sistemáticas, y los diagramas de flujo para revisiones nuevas y actualizadas (traducidas al español en archivos MS Word para que puedan ser fácilmente editables y utilizables en la práctica).
The Citrus reticulata essential oil: evaluation of antifungal activity against penicillium species related to bakery products spoilage
Authors: Valková Veronika , Ďúranová Hana , Galovičová Lucia , Štefániková Jana , Vukovic Nenad , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: October 2021

Fungal food spoilage plays a key role in the deterioration of food products, and finding a suitable natural preservative can solve this problem. Therefore, antifungal activity of green mandarin (Citrus reticulata) essential oil (GMEO) in the vapor phase against the growth of Penicillium (P.) expansum and P. chrysogenum inoculated on wheat bread (in situ experiment) was investigated in the current research. The volatile compounds of the GMEO were analyzed by a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC–MS), and its antioxidant activity was determined by testing free radical-scavenging capacity (DPPH assay). Moreover, the disc diffusion method was used to analyze the antifungal activity of GMEO in in vitro conditions. The results demonstrate that the Citrus reticulata EO consisted of α-limonene as the most abundant component (71.5%), followed by γ-terpinene (13.9%), and β-pinene (3.5%), and it displayed the weak antioxidant activity with the value of inhibition 5.6 ±0.7%, which corresponds to 103.0 ±6.4 µg TEAC.mL-1. The findings from the GMEO antifungal activity determination revealed that values for the inhibition zone with disc diffusion method ranged from 0.00 ±0.00 (no antifungal effectiveness) to 5.67 ±0.58 mm (moderate antifungal activity). Finally, exposure of Penicillium strains growing on bread to GMEO in vapor phase led to the finding that 250 μL.L-1 of GMEO exhibited the lowest value for mycelial growth inhibition (MGI) of P. expansum (-51.37 ±3.01%) whose negative value reflects even supportive effect of the EO on the microscopic fungus growth. On the other hand, GMEO at this concentration (250 μL.L-1) resulted in the strongest inhibitory action (MGI: 54.15 ±1.15%) against growth of P. chrysogenum. Based on the findings it can be concluded that GMEO in the vapor phase is not an effective antifungal agent against the growth of P. expansum inoculated on bread; however, its antifungal potential manifested against P. chrysogenum suggests GMEO to be an appropriate alternative to the use of chemical inhibitors for bread preservation.
Hr Development Strategy In The Industrial 4.0 Revolution In The Pandemic Of Covid-19
Authors: Fantini Endah , Izzah Nidaul , Setiawan Elfa , Utama Dedy Kusna , Samsudin
Published: October 2021

The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 is an absolute and unavoidable phenomenon in the business world. The survival of a company depends on the strategy devised to be able to carry out transformation and innovation to deal with it. So that companies and businesses that have been built are not crushed by the times and are hampered by their development, the company must be responsive to existing changes, especially with the development of technology and digital business. The company must also have an integrated travel map so that the direction of business development is clearly visible. The Covid-19 pandemic has changed many things of life in an instant. Never before in modern human history has a pandemic progressed and spread rapidly like Covid-19. Therefore, every event, response, and reaction is also oftentimes good. It happens at the individual level, the smallest community, up to the State and nation. Organizations and corporations are also forced to adapt quickly to very high levels of uncertainty. With the incessant change of life lines into all-digital. Therefore, companies really need to prepare reliable human resources and technology literacy in order to continue to achieve success. Employees should be supported and encouraged to continue learning and increase their knowledge of technology. Because the workforce or human resources who are able to apply and control technology in the present are able to move forward. This study aims to analyze the effect of human resource competence and the use of information technology in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 during the co-19 pandemic. In this study using the theory of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) to examine more in how the process of forming HR groups in the advertising agenda through digital media and also the process of interaction developed by the HR groups. The method in this study uses a qualitative research method with a Case Study approach and the paradigm used is the constructivist paradigm, which is to examine how the interaction and role of HR in the interaction and communication groups in the online media. In this study trying to identify the personalities of each grouped as tourists, mingles, and devotes. Data collection is done by using observation and also conducting in-depth interviews. In addition, the data analysis technique used is to use a flow model from Miles and Huberman consisting of 3 stages, namely Data Reduction, then the presentation of data, and drawing conclusions.
Culinary Product Innovation Strategy Micro, Small and Medium Entreprise in The New Normal Era
Authors: Nurbaiti Dewi , Rahmawati Nur Fitri , Suparman  , Tamba Rousdy Safari , Thamrin
Published: October 2021

The existence of a corona virus epidemic or Covid-19 that lasted a long time in several countries, one of which in Indonesia has a negative impact on the Micro and Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The impact that occurred was the decline in turnover due to the reduced number of buyers, where many MSMEs had to close their businesses. When entering the new normalcy era or the New Normal era, the SMEs will open their businesses again but get new challenges in terms of product innovation. Innovation is needed to make a business survive in the new normal era, one of which is innovation in terms of product types. The purpose of this study is to produce recommendations for SMEs in determining the right product innovation strategy in the New Normal era. This study raises the formulation of the problem of how the SME product innovation strategy in the current era of New Normal. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with data collection techniques through network interviews and descriptive data analysis techniques, with research informants who are SMEs in East Jakarta. The results of this study indicate that in the New Normal era, the SMEs are implementing a product innovation strategy by changing the shape of the product in the same type  (changing shape)  and also changing the type of product that is different from the previous product (changing type). By implementing the two product innovation strategies, SMEs can still compete in the New Normal era at this time. Recommendations from this research are expected to be used by SMEs to be more innovative in producing culinary products so they can survive in the New Normal era.
Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Work Planning In Improving The Performance Of Civil Servise Police Unit/ Satpol PP
Authors: Rofiyanti Eka , Arofah Eva , Agustina Dwi , Sukandi
Published: October 2021

Problems that occur in the effectiveness of work planning in controlling street vendors are still not maximal performance, when viewed from the factors of Effectiveness of Consequences and Impact of Outputs in achieving objectives, the level of success in achieving predetermined targets and clarity of achievement of goals. This is supported by the data obtained by the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) of Pancoran Sub-district, which have varied work planning effectiveness criteria from 2018 to 2019, from street vendors’ orderliness to realizing street vendors, which are still far from different from the target of curbing. And from 2018 to 2019 the level of effectiveness can be included in the criteria for being quite effective. This research method is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Qualitative descriptive research aims to describe and describe events and phenomena that occur in the field and present data in a systematic, factual, and accurate manner regarding the facts that occur in the field. Data collection was done by using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Researchers used source triangulation to check the validity of the research data. Data analysis in this study uses three components consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study are known (1) The effectiveness of work planning of the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) at Pancoran Sub-district in street vendors’ orderliness in improving the work performance that has been implemented in the dimensions of Effectiveness of Reach Effects, Impact of Outputs in achieving objectives, the level of success in achieving predetermined targets and clarity of achieving goals. (2) Obstacles in implementing the effectiveness of Street Vendors/PKL work planning who do not understand the regulations, there is no relocation place for street vendors and street vendors who consider public facilities a strategic business place for trading. (3) The solution for the socialization of street vendors about policy regulations is carried out by means of humane communication and new relocation sites.
General Insurance Subsector Financial Performance in 2020/2021: Does the Covid-19 Pandemic Matter?
Authors: Sugiharto Toto
Published: October 2021

This paper is aimed at analyzing the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the performance of general insurance subsector in Indonesia. Secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Financial Service Authority which include annual growth rate (year on year) of total asset, technical reserve, investment, equity, and net premium income for the periods between April 2019, 2020 and 2021 to March 2019, 2020 and 2021 were used in this study. Using the dependent sample t-test, it is revealed that the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on the performance of general insurance subsector were varied. The growth rates of the total asset, total investment, and net premium income of general insurance subsector significantly decreased during the covid-19 pandemic. The decline of these variables was influenced by the covid-19 pandemic. In the meantime, the growth rate of technical reserve and equity were not significantly influenced by the covid-19 pandemic. The growth rate of these variables decreases; however, the degree of decreases was not statistically significant. Findings of the study indicate that further study is required to examine in more detail the factors that potentially affect the performance of the general insurance subsector in relation to the covid-19 pandemic.
Avaliação agronômica de genótipos de amendoim no Médio Norte do estado do Mato Grosso
Authors: Olibone Dácio , Heuert Jair , Olibone Ana Paula Encide , Duarte Marianitha Mariano Silva , Soares Filho Sergio , Suassuna Taís de Moraes Falleiro
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de realizar uma avaliação agronômica de genótipos de amendoim no Médio Norte do estado do Mato Grosso. O experimento foi desenvolvido no ano agrícola 2020/21 com semeadura manual no dia 06 de janeiro de 2021, na área experimental do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso – Campus Sorriso, localizado no município de Sorriso-MT. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dez genótipos de amendoim rasteiro, duas cultivares: BRS 421 OL, BRS 423 OL e oito linhagens: 1253 OL, 2055 OL, 2091 OL, 2101 OL, 2110 OL, 2133 OL, 2136 OL e 2259 OL, desenvolvidas pelo PMA da EMBRAPA. As parcelas foram compostas por duas linhas de três metros de comprimento, espaçamento entre linhas de 0,90 m, intervalo entre parcelas de dois metros e parcela útil 5,4 m2. Foram avaliados severidade de mancha preta (Cercosporidium personatum), massa de 100 grãos (g), rendimento (%) e produtividade de vagens (kg ha-1 e sacas alqueire-1). Houve diferença significativa entre os genótipos avaliados para severidade de mancha preta, massa de 100 grãos, rendimento e produtividade. Os menores valores de severidades foram observados nas cultivares BRS 421 OL e BRS 423 OL, sendo que as sementes de maior tamanho também foram observadas na BRS 421 OL. As maiores produtividades foram obtidas no BRS 421 OL, 2101 OL, 2259 OL, 2055 OL e 1253 OL, com variável tamanho de sementes entre estes genótipos.
Desempenho agronômico de novas linhagens de amendoim na região da Alta Paulista na época de abertura de plantio
Authors: Zammataro Diego Dias , Heuert Jair , Suassuna Taís de Moraes Falleiro , Biazotto Vanessa , Zammataro Victor Hugo Lanças , Zanetti Welliton Leoti
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho agronômico de doze genótipos de amendoim, na região da Alta Paulista, munícipio de Parapuã, no estado de São Paulo. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Cooperativa Casul, localizada na região oeste do estado, no município de Parapuã-SP, no ano agrícola 2020/21. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de doze genótipos de amendoim, sendo dez linhagens (1253 OL, 2010 OL, 1876 OL, 2133 OL, 2110 OL, 2131 OL, 2101 OL, 2056 OL, 2136 OL e 2250 OL) e uma cultivar (BRS 423 OL) desenvolvidas pelo PMA da Embrapa, e uma cultivar argentina da El Carmen (Granoleico). As parcelas eram constituídas por duas linhas de três metros de comprimento, com espaçamento de 0,90 m e área útil para avaliação de 5,4 m2 por parcela. Foram avaliados massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de vagens. Com base no presente estudo de campo, conclui-se que os genótipos apresentaram diferença significativa tanto na massa de 100 grãos, demonstrando amplitude granulométrica para atender os diferentes nichos de mercado, quanto na produtividade de vagens com superioridade observada nas linhagens 2010 OL, 1876 OL e 2133 OL, com produtividades superiores a 6.800 kg.ha-1.
Produtividade de vagens e aflatoxina para amendoim cultivado sob diferentes manejos de solo na renovação de canavial no sistema MEIOSI
Authors: Betiol Olavo , Valochi Rodrigo , Michelotto Marcos Doniseti , Furlani Carlos Eduardo Angeli , Bolonhezi Denizart
Published: October 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar o efeito de três manejos do solo: convencional, reduzido e sem preparo (semeadura direta) para a cultura do amendoim cv. IAC-503 semeado em sucessão com cana-de-açúcar no sistema MEIOSI, sobre as características agronômicas, produtividade e aflatoxina nos grãos colhidos. O ensaio foi realizado na safra 2020/2021 no município de Planalto (São Paulo, Brasil) sob área de cana-de-açúcar colhida crua, usando delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com três preparos do solo (convencional, reduzido com subsolador e semeadura direta) e sete repetições. Nenhuma diferença estatística foi verificada entre os tratamentos para produtividade de vagens. Por outro lado, as maiores perdas de vagens foram verificadas no preparo com escarificador e os maiores níveis de afaltoxina foram verificados na semeadura direta.
Avaliação da compatibilidade in vitro de microrganismos (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens e Trichoderma atroviride) com fungicidas comerciais, para a produção sustentável de amendoim
Authors: Fernandez Dean , Torassa Matias , Pérez Maria Alejandra
Published: October 2021

A aplicação de fungicidas na semente de amendoim é uma necessidade na semeadura, porém a aplicação combinada com produtos biológicos pode reduzir os efeitos do uso de agroquímicos, favorecendo a qualidade do grão como alimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a compatibilidade in vitro de microrganismos (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens e Trichoderma atroviride) com fungicidas comerciais para a produção sustentável de amendoim. Os testes de compatibilidade foram realizados no Laboratório do Centro de Transferência de Qualidade Agroalimentar (FCA UNC). Foram avaliados três combinações de fungicidas comerciais disponíveis no setor de amendoim (F1, F2, F3), em diferentes doses (0, 30, 50, 100 e 1000 mg.l-1). Em placas de petri com meio APG com cada fungicida, foram inseridos B. subtilis, P. fluorescens e T. atroviride, que foram mantidos em câmaras com condições controladas. Sete dias após a semeadura, o crescimento bacteriano foi avaliado de acordo com a escala de compatibilidade e para Trichoderma foi calculada a porcentagem de inibição do crescimento radial (PICR). O delineamento foi completamente aleatório; para cada biológico, foram avaliadas três repetições para cada fungicida e dose. Todo o teste foi repetido três vezes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e os valores médios do PICR foram comparados por Tukey (p<0,05). Os resultados mostraram um efeito diferencial dos fungicidas sobre os biológicos. F1 (Tiabendazol + Fludioxonil + Metalaxil-M + Azoxistrobina) pode ser combinado com P. fluorescens em todas as doses e B. subtilis em doses não superiores a 50 mg.l-1. F2 (Ipconazol + Metalaxil) e F3 (Ipconazol + Metalaxil M + Carboxina) podem ser aplicados com P. fluorescens mesmo em altas concentrações. Apenas F3 pode ser combinado com T. atroviride até 100 mg.l-1. A combinação correta de fungicidas e produtos biológicos contribuirá efetivamente para a sustentabilidade do sistema de produção de amendoim.
An investigation of lead in urban environment of Kolkata city, India
Authors:   Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, India, Samal Alok Chandra , Chakraborty Sumalya ,   Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, India, Mallick Anusaya ,   Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, India, Santra Subhas Chandra
Published: October 2021

The lead heavy metal is an important environmental pollutant particularly in the urban areas with high anthropogenic pressure like vehicular and industrial. Its presence in the atmosphere, soil, water and biological systems even in traces can cause serious problems to all living organisms and its bio accumulation in the food chain especially can be dangerous to the human and animal health. The lead accumulation and exposure by human populations through contaminant environment and food chain has been reported widely all over the world. The lead is the well known environmental contaminants which may be deposited on the surfaces and then adsorbed into the tissues of crops and vegetables. Plants can uptake lead by absorbing them from deposits on the parts of the plants exposed to the polluted environment as well as from contaminated soil. In this study we have analyzed the lead contamination in different environmental components like water, soil, road dust, plants, vegetables and fishes in and around Kolkata metropolitan city. There are considerable amount of lead found in every environmental component and its management and remedial measures should be urgently needed for better environmental health in urban environment.