Prevention of arterial hypertension as a component of the metabolic syndrome
Authors:   SI «O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMS of Ukraine», Mykhaylenko O.Yu. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose. To evaluate the features of the development of arterial hypertension in people with metabolic syndrome and to justify preventive measures. Object and research methods. 92 adult patients aged 40 to 49 years were examined, among them 73 women and 19 men. The survey was conducted among respondents using a questionnaire. General clinical indicators were recorded: determination of height, weight with subsequent calculation of body mass index (kg\m2), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Among the laboratory indicators, the following results attracted attention: glucose, insulin, Homa index, leptin, creatinine, cystatin-c, glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Statistical processing of the results was carried out with the help of correlation analysis, definition of criteria of differences, graphic methods. Statistical processing of the results was carried out with the help of correlation analysis, definition of criteria of differences, graphic methods. During the research, the author adhered to the principles of bioethics and the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine "On the approval of the Procedure for conducting clinical trials and the Standard Regulations on the Commission on Ethics No. 66 dated February 13, 2006, with amendments of 2006-2008. All patients signed an informed consent to participate in the study. Research results and their discussion. A register of respondents was created - adult men and women who were under the influence of a modified factor - overweight or obesity, which is a trigger for the prevalence of such conditions as insulin resistance, leptin resistance, arterial hypertension. The research found that 73% of the examined were overweight or obese. A reliable relationship between quantitative indicators was also confirmed using Pearson's correlation analysis (r) between waist circumference and age (r=0.55, p<0.002), height (r=0.547, p<0.002), weight (r=0.547, p<0.002), BMI (r=0.753, p<0.001), creatinine (r=0.548, p<0.002). This once again confirms that waist circumference increases with age, height, weight, body mass index, and the increase in creatinine depends on waist circumference and height (r=0.364, p<0.048). Thanks to the analysis of variance, reliable relationships were found between quantitative and rank indicators: Homa's index and sport (F=1.809, P=0.049), as well as leptin and sport (F=1.809, P=0.049), leptin and weight (F=0.644, P=0.035). Conclusions. An in- depth comprehensive examination with the simultaneous determination of anthropometric, hemodynamic, and hormonal indicators of the state of health made it possible to justify preventive measures against metabolic syndrome. It was shown that 73.0% of respondents were overweight and obese, which can be considered a risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension. A reliable relationship between quantitative indicators was established using Pearson's correlation analysis (r) between waist circumference and age, height, weight, BMI, creatinine. It was determined that cystatin – c is negatively correlated with the rate of glomerular filtration in the absence of an increase in creatinine. People with metabolic syndrome (both men and women) are recommended to take preventive measures to prevent the development of complications of arterial hypertension. Keywords. Body mass index, arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome.