bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autonomic nervous system modulation during self-induced non-ordinary states of consciousness
Authors: Oswald Victor , Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey , Annen Jitka , Martial Charlotte , Bicego Aminata , Rousseaux Floriane , Sombrun Corine , Harel Yann , Faymonville Marie-Elisabeth , Laureys Steven , Jerbi Karim , Gosseries Olivia
Published: September 2023

Self-induced cognitive trance (SICT) is a voluntary non-ordinary state of consciousness characterized by a lucid yet narrowed awareness of the external surroundings. It involves a hyper-focused immersive experience of flow, expanded inner imagery, modified somatosensory processing, and an altered perception of self and time. SICT is gaining attention due to its potential clinical applications. Similar states of non-ordinary state of consciousness, such as meditation, hypnosis, and psychedelic experiences, have been reported to induce changes in the autonomic nervous system. However, the functioning of the autonomic nervous system during SICT remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of SICT on the cardiac and respiratory signals of 25 participants proficient in SICT. To accomplish this, we measured various metrics of heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration rate variability (RRV) in three conditions: resting state, SICT, and a mental imagery task. Subsequently, we employed a machine learning framework utilizing a linear discriminant analysis classifier and a cross-validation scheme to identify the features that exhibited the best discrimination between these three conditions. The results revealed that during SICT, participants experienced an increased heart rate and a decreased level of high-frequency (HF) HRV compared to the control conditions. Additionally, specific increases in respiratory amplitude, phase ratio, and RRV were observed during SICT in comparison to the other conditions. These findings suggest that SICT is associated with a reduction in parasympathetic activity, indicative of a hyperarousal state of the autonomic nervous system during SICT.
The sourcil roundness index is a useful measure for quantifying acetabular concavity asphericity
Authors: Kitamura Kenji , Fujii Masanori , Motomura Goro , Hamai Satoshi , Kawahara Shinya , Sato Taishi , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Hara Daisuke , Utsunomiya Takeshi , Kokubu Yasuhiko , Nakashima Yasuharu
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to clarify the clinical utility of the sourcil roundness index (SRI), a novel index for quantifying the asphericity of the acetabular concavity, by determining (1) the difference in the SRI between dysplastic and normal hips and (2) the correlation between the SRI and radiographic parameters of hip dysplasia. We reviewed standing anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of 109 dysplastic and 40 normal hips. The SRI was determined as the ratio of the distance from the medial edge of the sourcil to the most concave point of the acetabular sourcil (A) to the distance from the medial to the lateral edge of the sourcil (B). The formula for SRI is (A/B) × 100–50 (%), with an SRI of 0% indicating a perfectly spherical acetabulum, and higher SRI values indicating a more aspherical shape. The median SRI was greater in patients with hip dysplasia than in normal hips (5.9% vs. − 1.4%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the median SRI was greater in the severe dysplasia subgroup (18.9%) than in the moderate (3.5%) and borderline-to-mild (− 1.3%) dysplasia subgroups (p < 0.05). Quantification of acetabular concavity asphericity by the SRI showed that dysplastic hips had a more lateral acetabular concave point than normal hips, and that the severity of hip dysplasia had an effect on the acetabular concavity asphericity.
Domestic greywater treatment using electrocoagulation-electrooxidation process: optimisation and experimental approaches
Authors: Mousazadeh Milad , Khademi Nastaran , Kabdaşlı Işık , Rezaei Seyedahmadreza , Hajalifard Zeinab , Moosakhani Zohreh , Hashim Khalid
Published: September 2023

A synergistic combination of electrocoagulation-electrooxidation (EC-EO) process was used in the current study to treat domestic greywater. The EC process consisted of an aluminium (Al) anode and an iron (Fe) cathode, and the EO process consisted of titanium with platinum coating mesh (Ti/Pt) as an anode and stainless steel as a cathode. The effect of operative variables, namely current density, pH, EC time and EO time, on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, turbidity, and total organic carbon (TOC) was studied and optimised using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that although the pH affected the removal of all studied pollutants, it had more effect on turbidity removal with a contribution of 88.44%, while the current density had the main dominant effect on colour removal with a contribution of 73.59%. It was also found that at optimal operation conditions for a current density of 2.6 A, an initial pH of 4.67, an EC time of 31.67 min, and an EO time of 93.28 min led to a COD, colour, turbidity, and TOC removal rates of 96.1%, 97.5%, 90.9%, and 98%, respectively, which were close to the predicted results. The average operating cost and energy consumption for the removal of COD, colour, turbidity, and TOC were 0.014 $/m3 and 0.01 kWh/kg, 0.083 $/m3 and 0.008 kWh/kg, 0.075 $/m3 and 0.062 kWh/kg, and 0.105 $/m3 and 0.079 kWh/kg, respectively.
A reliable numerical investigation of an SEIR model of measles disease dynamics with fuzzy criteria
Authors: Dayan Fazal , Ahmed Nauman , Rafiq Muhammad , Raza Ali , Khan Ilyas , eldin Elsayed Mohamed Tag
Published: September 2023

The terms susceptibility, exposure, infectiousness, and recovered all have some inherent ambiguity because different population members have different susceptibility levels, exposure levels, infectiousness levels, and recovery patterns. This uncertainty becomes more pronounced when examining population subgroups characterized by distinct behaviors, cultural norms, and varying degrees of resilience across different age brackets, thereby introducing the possibility of fluctuations. There is a need for more accurate models that take into account the various levels of susceptibility, exposure, infectiousness, and recovery of the individuals. A fuzzy SEIR model of the dynamics of the measles disease is discussed in this article. The rates of disease transmission and recovery are treated as fuzzy sets. Three distinct numerical approaches, the forward Euler, fourth-order Runge-Kutta, and nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) are employed for the resolution of this fuzzy SEIR model. Next, the outcomes of the three methods are examined. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the NSFD method adeptly portrays convergent solutions across various time step sizes. Conversely, the conventional Euler and RK-4 methods only exhibit positivity and convergence solutions when handling smaller step sizes. Even when considering larger step sizes, the NSFD method maintains its consistency, showcasing its efficacy. This demonstrates the NSFD technique’s superior reliability when compared to the other two methods, while maintaining all essential aspects of a continuous dynamical system. Additionally, the results from numerical and simulation studies offer solid proof that the suggested NSFD technique is a reliable and effective tool for controlling these kinds of dynamical systems.The convergence and consistency analysis of the NSFD method are also studied.
Research on calibration method of microscopic parameters of siltstone based on gray theory
Authors: Wu Mengkun , Hu Ankui , Zhou Shuai , Mao Xianhui , Fei Wang
Published: September 2023

When the Linear Parallel Bond Model (PBM) in Particle Flow Code is used to simulate intact rocks, a basic problem is how to determine the microscopic parameters that control the macroscopic properties of the modeled rocks. After simplifying the microscopic parameters of the PBM model, this study proposes a new method of inverse performance of the regression equations of the macroscopic parameters by the gray absolute correlation combined with regression analysis, which solves the drawbacks of the current manual trial parameter calibration method to a certain extent. When this method is applied to the calibration of the microscopic parameters of the siltstone, the numerical simulation results produce good agreement between the results derived from the finite element software (ABAQUS) both in terms of macroscopic parameters and damage forms.
ZIF-67-modified magnetic nanoparticles for extraction of phenoxy carboxylic acid herbicides
Authors: Cao Shengyu , Huang Shanshan , Yang Chudi , Lian Lili , Ren Minhong , Sun Dazhi
Published: September 2023

Schematic of the preparation of ZIF-67@Fe3O4 (A) and the extraction process of phenoxy carboxylic acids from the sample (B).
Not in black or white, encryption of grayscale images by donor–acceptor Stenhouse adducts
Authors: Sun Fanxi , Gao Ang , Xiong Xiaoyu , Duan Yongli , Dai Dacheng , Zhu Yifei , Xie Chaoming , Wei Qiang , Chen Longquan , He Bo , Zhao Hui , Zheng Yonghao , Deng Xu , Wei Chen , Wang Dongsheng
Published: September 2023

Beyond text, symbols and binary images, the encryption of grayscale information was realized by controlling the kinetics of photoisomerization of donor–acceptor Stenhouse adducts on a paper surface.
Metal-free Janus α- and β-SiCP4: designing stable and efficient two-dimensional semiconductors for water splitting
Authors: Zhao Yanfu , Zhang Bofeng , Lin Jiahe
Published: September 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors exhibit exceptional potential in the field of photocatalytic water splitting due to their unique structural characteristics and photoelectric properties.
Computational NMR investigation of mixed-metal (Al,Sc)-MIL-53 and its phase transitions
Authors: Davis Zachary H. , Borthwick Emma A. L. , Morris Russell E. , Ashbrook Sharon E.
Published: September 2023

DFT calculations are employed to gain insight into the structure of mixed-metal (Al,Sc)-MIL-53 and the potential of NMR spectroscopy to provide information on the composition, cation distribution and breathing behaviour of the framework.
Reaction of a Co(iii)-peroxo complex with nitric oxide: putative formation of a peroxynitrite intermediate
Authors: Samanta Bapan , Ghosh Riya , Mazumdar Rakesh , Saha Shankhadeep , Maity Sayani , Mondal Biplab
Published: September 2023

A Co(ii) complex, [CoII(L)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2, [L = bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)methane] in acetonitrile at −40 °C, in presence of H2O2 and NEt3 afforded [CoIII(L)2(O22−)]+, 1a. Addition of NO gas to this resulted in [CoII(L)2(NO3)]ClO4, (2) via a putative Co(ii)-peroxynitrite intermediate.
Alternate heterogeneous superlattice control of lattice strain to stabilize Li-rich cathode
Authors: Zhang Ying , Shi Xiaoyu , Zheng Shuanghao , Ouyang Yuguo , Li Mingrun , Meng Caixia , Yu Yan , Wu Zhong-Shuai
Published: September 2023

A strain-alleviating strategy was developed by creating a layered-spinel alternate heterostructure for LROs, resulting in a 3D channel for lithium-ion diffusion which was capable of reducing structural strain during the intercalation/deintercalation of Li+, thereby enhancing dynamic stability.
Emerging trends and applications of metabolomics in food science and nutrition
Authors: Zhang Jianye , Sun Mingna , Elmaidomy Abeer H. , Youssif Khayrya A. , Zaki Adham M. M. , Hassan Kamal Hossam , Sayed Ahmed M. , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan
Published: September 2023

The study of all chemical processes involving metabolites is known as metabolomics.
NIR-II femtosecond laser ignites MXene as photoacoustic bomb for continuous high-precision tumor blasting
Authors: Mi Jie , Cui Dandan , Zhang Zhenhui , Mu Gen , Shi Yujiao
Published: September 2023

Femtosecond laser-pumped ultrafast photoacoustic cavitation by igniting MXene acting as bombs for new implementation of high-efficient and long-term shockwave theranostics, overcoming the dependence of non-reversible phase-change nanoprobes.
A mini review on metal–organic framework-based electrode materials for capacitive deionization
Authors: Khan M. Shahnawaz , Leong Zhi Yi , Li Dong-Sheng , Qiu Jianbei , Xu Xuhui , Yang Hui Ying
Published: September 2023

A fresh perspective of MOF-based electrode materials for better capacitive deionization (CDI) performance towards salt or brackish water.
Machine-learning prediction of the formation of atomic gold wires by mechanically controlled break junctions
Authors: Ghosh Aishwaryo , Pabi Biswajit , Pal Atindra Nath , Saha-Dasgupta Tanusri
Published: September 2023

Through a machine learning based analysis on experimentally measured conductance traces of gold atomic junctions, an optimum condition of bias and stretching rate for long atomic chain formation is obtained with a microscopic insight.
Pd@GO catalyzed stereo- and regio-selective addition of arenes to alkynes and synthesis of coumarins via C–H functionalization
Authors: Kyndiah Lenida , Sarkar Fillip Kumar , Gajurel Sushmita , Sarkar Rajib , Anal Jasha Momo H. , Pal Amarta Kumar
Published: September 2023

Pd@GO catalysed stereo- and regio-selective addition of arenes to alkynes via C–H bond functionalization and coumarin synthesis.
Manipulating pre-equilibria in olefin polymerization catalysis: backbone-stiffening converts a living into a highly active salan-type catalyst
Authors: Uborsky Dmitry V. , Sharikov Mikhail I. , Goryunov Georgy P. , Li Kristina M. , Dall'Anese Anna , Zuccaccia Cristiano , Vittoria Antonio , Iovine Teresa , Galasso Gianluigi , Ehm Christian , Macchioni Alceo , Busico Vincenzo , Voskoboynikov Alexander Z. , Cipullo Roberta
Published: September 2023

Stiffening the catalyst backbone of a slow salan-type catalyst converts it into a highly active indanosalan catalyst, producing highly isotactic PP with an activity rivalling the most productive known salan-catalyst, with much higher MW capability.
How orange carotenoid protein controls the excited state dynamics of canthaxanthin
Authors: Arcidiacono Amanda , Accomasso Davide , Cupellini Lorenzo , Mennucci Benedetta
Published: September 2023

We use nonadiabatic simulations to investigate the early excited-state dynamics of canthaxanthin in the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP), providing insight into the observed spectroscopic features and finding a possible photoactivation path.
A tunable family of CAAC-ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts modularly derived from a large-scale produced ibuprofen intermediate
Authors: Sytniczuk Adrian , Struzik Filip , Grela Karol , Kajetanowicz Anna
Published: September 2023

A tunable family of ibuprofen intermediate-derived CAAC-base complexes for different applications, dependent from the size of the N-aryl substituent.
Ru(ii)/Os(ii)-based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors as photodynamic therapy photosensitizers for the treatment of hypoxic tumours
Authors: Wang Youchao , Mesdom Pierre , Purkait Kallol , Saubaméa Bruno , Burckel Pierre , Arnoux Philippe , Frochot Céline , Cariou Kevin , Rossel Thibaud , Gasser Gilles
Published: September 2023

Novel sulfonamide-based monopodal and dipodal ruthenium and osmium polypyridyl complexes capable of targeting carbonic anhydrases are a major target in cancer therapy are described as new photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy.
PDI–trityl dyads as photogenerated molecular spin qubit candidates
Authors: Mayländer Maximilian , Kopp Kevin , Nolden Oliver , Franz Michael , Thielert Philipp , Vargas Jentzsch Andreas , Gilch Peter , Schiemann Olav , Richert Sabine
Published: September 2023

Quartet states, generated after photoexcitation of chromophore–radical dyads, are promising for applications in quantum sensing. We demonstrate the potential of trityl radicals for improving their coherence properties and spectral addressability.
Non-close-packed hexagonal self-assembly of Janus nanoparticles on planar membranes
Authors: Zhu Yu , Sharma Abash , Spangler Eric J. , Laradji Mohamed
Published: September 2023

The adhesion modes of an ensemble of spherical Janus nanoparticles on planar membranes are investigated through large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained implicit-solvent model.
TOI-858 B b: A hot Jupiter on a polar orbit in a loose binary
Authors: Hagelberg J. , Nielsen L. D. , Attia M. , Bourrier V. , Pearce L. , Venturini J. , Winn J. N. , Bouchy F. , Bouma L. G. , Briceño C. , Collins K. A. , Davis A. B. , Eastman J. D. , Evans P. , Falk B. , Grieves N. , Guerrero N. M. , Hellier C. , Jones M. I. , Latham D. W. , Law N. , Mann A. W. , Marmier M. , Ottoni G. , Radford D. J. , Restori N. , Rudat A. , Dos Santos L. , Seager S. , Stassun K. , Stockdale C. , Udry S. , Wang S. , Ziegler C.
Published: September 2023

We report the discovery of a hot Jupiter on a 3.28-day orbit around a 1.08 M⊙ G0 star that is the secondary component in a loose binary system. Based on follow-up radial velocity observations of TOI-858 B with CORALIE on the Swiss 1.2 m telescope and CHIRON on the 1.5 m telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), we measured the planet mass to be 1.10−0.07+0.08 MJ. Two transits were further observed with CORALIE to determine the alignment of TOI-858 B b with respect to its host star. Analysis of the Rossiter-McLaughlin signal from the planet shows that the sky-projected obliquity is λ = 99.3−3.7+3.8°. Numerical simulations show that the neighbour star TOI-858 A is too distant to have trapped the planet in a Kozai–Lidov resonance, suggesting a different dynamical evolution or a primordial origin to explain this misalignment. The 1.15 M⊙ primary F9 star of the system (TYC 8501-01597-1, at ρ ~11″) was also observed with CORALIE in order to provide upper limits for the presence of aplanetary companion orbiting that star.
Initial conditions of star formation at ≲2000 au: Physical structure and NH3 depletion of three early-stage cores
Authors: Lin Y. , Spezzano S. , Pineda J. E. , Harju J. , Schmiedeke A. , Jiao S. , Liu H. B. , Caselli P.
Published: September 2023

Context. Pre-stellar cores represent a critical evolutionary phase in low-mass star formation. Characterisations of the physical conditions of pre-stellar cores provide important constraints on star and planet formation theory and are pre-requisites for establishing the dynamical evolution and the related chemical processes.

Aims. We aim to unveil the detailed thermal structure and density distribution of three early-stage cores -starless core L1517B and pre-stellar cores L694-2 and L429- with the high angular resolution observations of the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) inversion transitions obtained with VLA and GBT. In addition, we explored if and where NH3 depletes in the central regions of the cores.

Methods. We calculated the physical parameter maps of gas kinetic temperature, NH3 column density, line width, and centroid velocity of the three cores utilising the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) lines. We applied the mid-infrared extinction method to the Spitzer 8 μm map to obtain a high angular resolution hydrogen column density map. We examined the correlation between the derived parameters and the properties of individual cores. We derived the gas density profile from the column density maps and assessed the variation of NH3 abundance as a function of gas volume density.

Results. The measured temperature profiles of the cores L429 and L1517B show a minor decrease towards the core centre, dropping from ~9 K to below 8 K, and ~11 K to 10 K, while L694-2 has a rather uniform temperature distribution of ~9 K. Among the three cores, L429 has the highest central gas density, close to sonic velocity line width, and the largest localised velocity gradient, all indicative of an advanced evolutionary stage. We resolve that the abundance of NH3 becomes two times lower in the central region of L429, occurring around a (line-of-sight mass-averaged) gas density of 4.4 × 104 cm−3. Compared to Ophiuchus/H-MM1 which shows an even stronger drop of the NH3 abundance at 2 × 105 cm−3, the abundance variations of the three cores plus Ophiuchus/H-MM1 suggest a progressive NH3 depletion with increasing central density in pre-stellar cores.
Evolution of solar wind sources and coronal rotation driven by the cyclic variation of the Sun’s large-scale magnetic field
Authors: Finley A. J. , Brun A. S.
Published: September 2023

Context. The strength and morphology of the Sun’s magnetic field evolve significantly during the solar cycle, with the overall polarity of the Sun’s magnetic field reversing during the maximum of solar activity. Long-term changes are also observed in sunspot and geomagnetic records; however, systematic magnetic field observations are limited to the last four cycles.

Aims. Here, we investigate the long-term evolution of the Sun’s magnetic field, and the influence this has on the topology and rotation of the solar corona.

Methods. The Sun’s photospheric magnetic field was decomposed into spherical harmonics using synoptic Carrington magnetograms from (1) the Wilcox Solar Observatory, (2) the Michelson Doppler Imager on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and (3) the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The time evolution of the spherical harmonic coefficients was used to explore the variation of the Sun’s magnetic field, with a focus on the large-scale modes. Potential field source surface extrapolations of the photospheric field were computed to follow topological changes in the corona.

Results. The sources of the Sun’s open magnetic field vary between the polar coronal holes and activity-driven features such as active regions, and equatorial coronal holes. Consequently, the mean rotation rate of the solar wind is modulated during each cycle by the latitudinal variation of open field footpoints, with slower rotation during minima and faster (Carrington-like) rotation during maxima.

Conclusions. Coronal rotation is sensitive to cycle to cycle differences in the polar field strengths and hemispherical flux emergence rates. The mean rotation of the corona varies similarly to the ratio of quadrupole to dipole energy. Cycle 23 maintained a larger fraction of quadrupolar energy in the declining phase, which kept the sources of the open magnetic flux closer to the equator, extending the period of faster equator-ward connectivity. The ratio of quadrupole to dipole energy could be a useful proxy when examining the impact of differential rotation on the coronae of other Sun-like stars.
Direct taxation of the digital economy
Authors: Nanu Florentin Gabriel
Published: September 2023

The objectives of the study are to analyze the future of direct taxation of the digital economy in the field of corporate income tax. Digitalization has grown steadily, spreading to all areas, especially the economic sector, i.e. the economic activity carried out by taxpayers. In this context of development of the digital economy not only at a national level, but also at the European or global level, there is a need to analyze which state is responsible for taxing the profits obtained through the digital economy. The main research tools were the legal provisions on direct taxation, the literature analyzing and interpreting this field, and the identification of conclusions from the specific practice of taxpayers who have encountered problems, have asked the same questions or perhaps have found the answers necessary for this research. The implications of the study are both theoretical and practical. The topic aims to analyze a modern direct taxation mechanism. On the other hand, companies and countries will be able to determine where the tax has to be paid by the taxpayer.
Advertising in the metaverse. A quasi-legal overview
Authors: Amironesei Aura-Elena
Published: September 2023

Maybe it started as traditionally and old-fashion as possible, just with billboards and postcards. Then radio. Television. Digital billboards on the streets. Telephones. Internet. And from the internet.. things just exploded – an unprecedented explosion. The internet was maybe the Big Bang of the advertising. The moment advertising have started expanding everywhere and in any possible shape: videos, photos, articles, bots, GIFs, voices, online advertising, personalised advertising, targeted advertising, display advertising, search advertising, programmatic advertising, advertising by use of the internet-of-things (IoT). When one could say that the state of arts in advertising was reached and that expanding advertising universe started to cool down, technology went further again. A virtual and limitless world has been created and with it, the potential of advertising has been once again unveiled. Advertising was re-born in a new universe, the metaverse, claimed to be lawless. This paper will focus on how ‘lawless’ is the advertising in the metaverse and what possible legal issues might be encountered by publishers, advertisers, influencers and consumers.
Competition and sustainability - the avatars of the modern world
Authors: Irinescu Lucia
Published: September 2023

Environmental protection and climate change are by far the hottest topics in contemporary competition policy. In fact, sustainability and competition often go hand in hand. All companies should compete for the most favourable and best solution for customers. In turn, consumers are immersing themselves deeper in the magic of consumption, and the pandemic period has led to the growth of online commerce in all markets. In the present study we aim to analyse to what extent consumer behaviours and competitiveness affect sustainability.
Der Mensch lernt nie aus
Authors: Hilgenfeldt Finn Valentin
Published: September 2023

Erinnern Sie sich noch an Ihre Anfänge in der Psychiatrie? Wir wollten von psychiatrisch Pflegenden wissen, wie der erste Kontakt mit dem Team und den Patienten war, was sie am meisten interessiert, berührt oder auch befremdet hat und wo sie ihre Aufgaben sehen. Dieses Mal berichtet ein Heilerziehungspfleger über seinen Arbeitsalltag in der Psychiatrie.
Time-loss Injuries among Female and Male Spanish Rink Hockey
Players
Authors: de Pablo Marquez Bernat , Subirana Isaac , Quintana Marcos , Rodas Gil , Casals Marti
Published: September 2023

The present study describes the time-loss injuries among female and male athletes
of the Spanish rink hockey league during the 2021/22 season.

We performed a retrospective cohort study on time-loss injuries, whereby the
athlete is prevented from participating in a training session or game because of
the injury.

A total of 463 athletes were included, with 326 (70.4%) senior male and
137 (29.6%) female. Two hundred and eighty-two time-loss injuries were
recorded, the most common form being muscle injuries (112 episodes,
39.7%), especially those affecting the hip adductor muscles (52
episodes, 46.4% of muscle injuries). Most injuries were classified as
mild (1–7 days of time-loss) and the median return-to-play was 9.5 days
(range 1–180).

Injury patterns were compared according to gender, position and moment: the
results showed significant differences between senior males and females, between
field players and goalkeepers, as well as between training and game, in terms of
injury nature and type. The injury incidence proportion was significantly higher
for field players compared to goalkeepers), and senior males had a significantly
higher risk than senior females.

The present study provides a starting point for studying and preventing injuries
in rink hockey athletes.
Evaluations of the 2019 Annual Statistics Under the Cervical Cytology Quality Assurance Agreement
Authors: Schenck Ulrich , Hantschke-Zerbich Heike , Woellner Frank , Michel Frank
Published: September 2023

Cervical cancer screening, which was introduced into the programme of medical care covered by statutory health insurance in Germany in 1971 and has since been constantly updated through
quality assurance measures, was fundamentally revised and developed in 2008 through the Cervical Cytology Quality Assurance Agreement pursuant to Section 135(2) of the German Social Code
Book V [SGB V]. Since 2015 it has been mandatory for cytology facilities to record annual statistics based on the Munich Nomenclature III. The aim of this article is to present the results
of the annual statistics for 2019, which was the last year before the introduction of the cervical cancer screening programme in accordance with the Federal Joint Committee’s guideline on
organised cancer screening programmes 1.

The annual statistics of the laboratories, including histology analyses performed up until 30 June the following year, are reported to the Regional Associations of Statutory Health
Insurance Physicians. The laboratories receive benchmark reports from their Regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians, and these statistics are transmitted anonymously
to the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV).

In 2019, 17609082 smears from 15608413 women were examined in Germany. Of these smears, 97.49% were normal and 2.51% showed atypical or suspicious changes, consisting mostly of minor
squamous epithelial changes in groups II-p (0.81%) and IIID1 (0.735%).

Histology specimens are available for “Dysplasia findings with higher probability of regression” in group IIID1 (4.89% of initial IIID1 cytology findings), group IIID2 (18.60%), “unclear
or doubtful findings” in group III-p to x (20.7%), and “immediate precursors to cervical carcinoma” in group IV (83.1%) and group V (77.19%).

In the cytology findings for group IVa-p, which corresponds to CIN 3 target lesions, the cytology correlated with the histology finding in 80.48% of cases.

Lesions found in 2019: 23463 CIN 3 lesions, 668 adenocarcinomas in situ, 3891 malignant tumours, including 2342 cervical carcinomas of which 1743 were squamous cell carcinomas and 599
were cervical adenocarcinomas (25.57%); 1549 endometrial carcinomas and other malignancies.

The data demonstrate the good practicability of cervical cancer screening in 2019. Higher grade lesions were reliably clarified histologically.
Femoral Tunnel Length in Anatomical Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Is Correlated with Body Size and Knee Morphology
Authors: Yahagi Yoshiyuki , Iriuchishima Takanori , Iwama Genki , Suruga Makoto , Morimoto Yusuke , Nakanishi Kazuyoshi
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to reveal the correlation between anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) femoral tunnel lengths in anatomical double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and body size and knee morphology. Thirty-four subjects undergoing anatomical double-bundle ACL reconstruction were included in this study. Preoperative body size (height, body weight, and body mass index) was measured. Using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), quadriceps tendon thickness and the whole anterior–posterior length of the knee were measured. Using postoperative computed tomography (CT), axial and sagittal views of the femoral condyle were evaluated. The correlation between measured intraoperative AM and PL femoral tunnel lengths, and body size and knee morphology using preoperative MRI and postoperative CT parameters was statistically analyzed. Both AM and PL femoral tunnel lengths were significantly correlated with height, body weight, posterior condylar length, and Blumensaat's line length. These results suggest that the femoral ACL tunnel length created using a transportal technique can be estimated preoperatively by measuring the subject's body size and/or the knee morphology using MRI or CT. For clinical relevance, surgeons should be careful to create femoral tunnel of sufficient length when using a transportal technique, especially in knees of subjects with smaller body size and knee morphology. Level of evidence is III.
Images in GI Infection: Common Cyst at an Uncommon Location: Hydatid Cyst of Lesser Omentum
Authors: Jain Vibhu , Kishore Abuji , Irrinki Santhosh , Sakaray Yashwant Raj
Published: September 2023

Hydatid disease is a parasitic disease caused most commonly by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Treatment options can range from observation to radical excision of the cyst. The most common site is the liver, and the most common extra-hepatic location is the lung. We present a rare case of a 22-year-old male, who presented with complaints of right upper quadrant abdominal pain for a duration of 3 months, which on evaluation was associated with eosinophilia and radiological imaging revealed an extra-hepatic hydatid cyst arising from the lesser omentum. Pericystectomy was performed, and the postoperative course was grossly uneventful. The cut section of the cyst and the final histopathological study confirmed the diagnosis. There are very few case reports in the literature of isolated omental hydatidosis, and we present one such unique case.
A Case Report and Literature Review of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma in a Patient with Crigler–Najjar Syndrome: How We Managed
Authors: Maheshwari Udip , Morzaria Disha , Jagiasi Seema , Maniar Vashishth , Joshi Ashish , Soneji Sameer
Published: September 2023

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of CNS tumor that can be managed with curative intent using high-dose chemotherapeutic drugs. High-dose methotrexate is an essential drug for the management of PCNSL. We present a case of a 26-year-old man with a known comorbidity of Crigler–Najjar syndrome type II and a baseline bilirubin of 13.5 mg/dL, presented with somnolence and ataxia. In view of hyperbilirubinemia, the optimal treatment for CNS lymphoma, the De Angelis protocol, was modified for this patient. The patient tolerated the chemotherapy well with manageable fluctuations in bilirubin levels, followed by consolidation with whole-brain radiotherapy. He remains asymptomatic 6 months after the onset of the symptoms with the disease in complete remission. We highlight here this unusual case of PCNSL where high-dose methotrexate was used with close observation of liver function in view of hyperbilirubinemia in a known case of Crigler–Najjar syndrome.
Double-Expressor Lymphoma in a Young Child—A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Shaju Anjali , Sneha Latha M. , Pandian Nidarshana , Chandra Suresh , Nisar Sonam Poonam , Subramanian Krishnakumar , Nagarajan Priyathersini
Published: September 2023

Double hit lymphoma (DHL) and double-expressor lymphoma (DEL) are now considered as aggressive types of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. DHL is characterized by a dual rearrangement of MYC and B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and/or B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6) and DEL by overexpression of MYC and BCL-2. Both DHL and DEL have aggressive presentation and are more common in elderly population. We present a case of 1 ½ years old boy who presented with bilateral proptosis, and diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma with central nervous system involvement. Immunohistochemistry revealed high expression of MYC and BCL-2. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies done to rule out DHL showed no translocation of C-MYC, Bcl-2, and Bcl-6 and hence were confirmed as double-expressor high-grade B cell lymphoma. Dual expression of C- MYC, Bcl-2, or Bcl-6 always needs further evaluation to rule out the more aggressive DHL subtypes.
Periinterventional Management of Edoxaban in Major Procedures: Results from the DRESDEN NOAC REGISTRY
Authors: Köhler Christina , Tittl Luise , Hänsel Ulrike , Hammermüller Evelyn , Marten Sandra , Naue Christiane , Spindler Marianne , Stannek Laura , Fache Kristina , Beyer-Westendorf Jan
Published: September 2023

Background Edoxaban is a non-vitamin K dependent oral anticoagulant (NOAC) licensed for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment or stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Major surgical procedures are not uncommon in anticoagulated patients but data on perioperative edoxaban management are scarce.

Patients and Methods Using data from the prospective DRESDEN NOAC REGISTRY, we extracted data on major surgical procedures in edoxaban patients. Periinterventional edoxaban management patterns and rates of outcome events were evaluated until day 30 after procedure.

Results Between 2011 and 2021, 3,448 procedures were identified in edoxaban patients, including 287 (8.3%) major procedures. A scheduled interruption of edoxaban was observed in 284/287 major procedures (99%) with a total median edoxaban interruption time of 11.0 days (25–75th percentile: 5.0–18.0 days). Heparin bridging was documented in 183 procedures (46 prophylactic dosages, 111 intermediate and 26 therapeutic dosages). Overall, 7 (2.4%; 95% CI: 1.2–4.9%) major cardiovascular events (5 VTE, 2 arterial thromboembolic events) and 38 major bleedings (13.2%; 95% CI: 9.8–17.7%) were observed and 6 patients died (2.1%; 95% CI: 1.0–4.5%). Rates of major cardiovascular events with or without heparin bridging were comparable (4/137; 2.9%; 95% CI: 1.1–7.3% vs. 3/82; 3.7%; 95% CI: 1.3–10.2%). Major bleedings occurred numerically more frequent in patients receiving heparin bridging (23/137; 16.8%; 95% CI: 11.5–23.9%) versus procedures without heparin bridging (9/82; 11.0%; 95% CI: 5.9–19.6%).

Conclusion Within the limitations of our study design, real-world periprocedural edoxaban management seems effective and safe. Use of heparin bridging seems to have limited effects on reducing vascular events but may increase bleeding risk.
Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy: Benefits of Rereading Rather than Repeating—A Single Blinded Randomized Study
Authors: AlAyoubi Alamir-Noureddine , Tabcheh Ayman , Obeid Nourhane , Challita Antoine , Matta Judy , Farhat Said
Published: September 2023

Objectives Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) technology detects small bowel lesions. Many factors affect its sensitivity. SBCE is also costly, and patients might not be able to repeat the test when results are equivocal. Instead of repeating the test, reading the results by two endoscopists might provide a better or a cheaper option in the right settings. We studied the sensitivity of SBCE when read by two different physicians and checked if, rather than repeating the examination, rereading the results improved its sensitivity. Furthermore, we studied the effect of small bowel transit time (SBTT) on the diagnostic yield.

Materials and Methods A retrospective cohort study on capsule endoscopies was conducted between 2018 and 2019 in a tertiary care center in Lebanon. A total of 42 patients with anemia or obscure gastrointestinal bleed were included for SBCE after a negative evaluation with upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. Two specialists read the results. The second physician was blinded from the first reader's results. We compared the sensitivity of the two readings. SBTT correlation with the diagnostic yield was calculated.

Results Out of 42 patients, 18 tested positive in the first reading and 31 in the second reading. The diagnostic yield increased from 43 to 74% (p = 0.0043). Among the 33 patients who had a documented SBTT, longer SBTT correlated with a higher diagnostic yield (odds ratio [OR] > 1), but no statistical significance was demonstrated.

Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, we found that rereading capsule endoscopy can be more cost-effective than repeating the test.
Identifying intermediates of oxygen reduction reaction on nitrogen-doped fullerene by high-resolution tip-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Yu Hai-Zhen , Wang Li , Wang Chuan-Kui , Xie Zhen
Published: September 2023

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by the nitrogen-doped fullerene (C59N) catalyst demonstrates an excellent activity in hydrogen fuel cells. However, the intermediates and catalytic active sites in pathways have not been directly characterized, hindering the understanding of the enhanced activity mechanism for ORR on C59N. By taking the inhomogeneity of spatially confined plasmon into account, we theoretically propose that the high-resolution tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) can effectively identify different intermediate configurations in ORR on C59N. With the modulation of the focused spatially confined plasmon center position, vibrational modes that are directly related to site-specific O2-C59N interactions in ORR can be lighted up and then selected out by TERS spectra. Furthermore, the vibration-resolved TERS images for the selected modes of different intermediate configurations give spatial hot spot around the adsorption site, providing the in-situ details of catalytic active sites in ORR on C59N. These findings serve as a good reference for future high-resolution TERS experiments on probing catalytic systems at the molecular scale.
Comparing solar inverter design rules to subhourly solar resource simulations
Authors: Zamora Zapata Mónica , Lappalainen Kari , Kankiewicz Adam , Kleissl Jan
Published: September 2023

The input of a solar inverter depends on multiple factors: the solar resource, weather conditions, and control strategies. Traditional design calculations specify the maximum current either as 125% of the rated module current or as the maximum 3 h average current from hourly simulations over a typical year, neglecting extreme irradiance conditions: cloud enhancement events that usually last minutes. Inverter power-limiting control strategies usually prevent extreme events to cause strong currents at the inverter, but in some cases, they can fail, leading to high currents. In this study, we aim to report how frequent and strong these high currents could be. We use 10 years of 1 min data from seven stations across the United States to estimate the photovoltaic string output through modeling the short-circuit current Isc, and the maximum-power point current Imp, and compare them to traditional inverter design values. We consider different configurations: minutely to hourly resolution; 5 min to 3 h averaging time intervals; monofacial and bifacial modules (with a case of enhanced albedo); and 3 fixed-tilt angles and horizontal single-axis tracking. The bifacial modules with enhanced albedo lead to the highest currents for 1 min data, exceeding 3 h averages by 53% for Isc and 38% for Imp. The 3 h average maxima surpass the conservative 125% design rule for bifacial modules. Inverter ratings at either a 200% of the rated current or 1.55 times the 3 h maximum could withstand all events regardless of control strategies. In summary, for some locations it is prudent to compare current design rules to subhourly simulations to guarantee the fault-free operation of solar PV plants.
Phase-matching in terahertz quantum cascade laser sources based on Cherenkov difference-frequency mixing
Authors: Oberhausen Wolfhard , Lubianskii Iaroslav , Boehm Gerhard , Strömberg Axel , Manavaimaran Balaji , Burghart Dominik , Sun Yan-Ting , Belkin Mikhail A.
Published: September 2023

Terahertz quantum cascade laser sources based on intra-cavity Cherenkov difference-frequency generation in dual-wavelength mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers are currently the only monolithic semiconductor laser technology that can deliver continuous-wave coherent terahertz output at room temperature. Because the Cherenkov difference-frequency generation process enables terahertz radiation generation and extraction across a wide range of frequencies, it is often assumed that phase-matching conditions for this process are automatically fulfilled. We theoretically analyze and experimentally demonstrate that phase-matching plays an important role in these devices, and significant improvements in terahertz power output can be achieved by adjusting the waveguide configuration of the quantum cascade lasers to provide better phase-matching.
Intermediate perfects
Authors: Corre Eric , de Swart Henriëtte , Xiqués Teresa M.
Published: September 2023

The cross-linguistic variation in distribution and meaning of perfect constructions building on

have
+ past participle in Western European languages has been analysed in terms of the
aoristic drift, the shift from resultative via perfect to perfective past meaning that takes us from
‘classical’ perfect languages like English to ‘liberal’ perfect languages like French. This paper challenges the
(often implicit) assumption that there is a single path along the aoristic drift, resulting in a linear perfect scale.
Data coming from translation corpora reveal that the perfect in three ‘intermediate’ languages (Dutch, Catalan and
Breton) is sensitive to lexical aspect (state vs. event), narrativity and hodiernal vs. pre-hodiernal past time reference. These
meaning ingredients appear in different combinations in the three languages, thereby establishing them as independent dimensions
of variation. The conclusion that there are multiple paths along the aoristic drift has implications for the cross-linguistic
semantics of tense and aspect.
Exploring incongruity and humour in Linguistic Landscapes in Ghana
Authors: Akoto Osei Yaw , Onumah Ebenezer , Amoakohene Benjamin
Published: September 2023

In recent times, Linguistic Landscape (LL) research has been extended to cover several variables, domains, modes,
and geo-political contexts. Arguably, humour remains understudied in LL research. This article, therefore, examines incongruities
in LLs using a corpus of digital signs and incongruous inscriptions gathered across several mediums in urban Ghana. Drawing on
the incongruity theory, we examined the levels of incongruities in the corpus. The study found that incongruities in public signs
in urban Ghana manifest at the lexical, grammatical, semantic, and phonological levels. We conclude that the resolutions of these
incongruities induce laughter and humour in the audience with the shared sociolinguistic knowledge, and humour intelligence. The
findings have implications for the theory on humour and the research on LL.
Hindering breakdown in a long discharge tube by visible spectrum light illumination
Authors: Meshchanov A V , Shishpanov A I , Ionikh Y Z
Published: September 2023

The effect of irradiation with visible spectrum light on breakdown in discharge tubes 75–80 cm long and 1.5 cm in inner diameter in rare gases at a pressure of ∼1 Torr was studied. A ramp voltage of variable slope in the range of ∼10–1–105 kV s−1 was applied to the tube anode. The tube was illuminated by radiation from fluorescent lamps operating in a continuous mode, as well as by LEDs or a laser diode operating in a pulsed mode. The breakdown voltage and the pre-breakdown ionization wave (IW) velocity were measured. Illumination led to a change in the breakdown potential. The sign of this change depended on the anode voltage rise rate dU/dt. At dU/dt > 102–103 kV s−1, the breakdown voltage decreased. A similar effect was observed earlier and was explained by the appearance of electrons in the discharge gap under the light action, as a result of which the breakdown delay time decreased. This, in turn, caused a decrease in the breakdown voltage. At dU/dt < 101–102 kV s−1, on the contrary, the breakdown potential increased; at dU/dt ∼ 0.1 kV s−1, this increase could reach 5–6 times. The dependence of the observed effect on the radiation intensity, its wavelength, and the illuminated area position on the tube surface is studied. The pre-breakdown IW behaved in an unusual way under these conditions: its velocity and the signal amplitude recorded by the capacitive probe increased when moving from the high-voltage anode to the cathode. It is assumed that the observed features are caused by the desorption of weakly bound electrons from the tube wall surface under the action of irradiation. These electrons create a current that charges the wall near the anode. Since the first stage of discharge ignition is the initial breakdown between the anode and the tube wall, the anode potential for such a breakdown should increase, which means an increase in the breakdown voltage. Additional experiments with the initiation of a preliminary IW by a pulse applied to the cathode, confirmed the existence of a charge on the wall near the anode.