bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Effect in Nigeria Mitigation, Adaptation, Strategies and Way Forward in the World of Internet of Things
Authors: Olusegun Victor Popoola , Christian Oyedeji Oyetunde , Adeyinka Victor Adebayo , A Moronkunbi Mubarak
Published: May 2024

This paper delves into the comprehensive impact of climate change in Nigeria, emphasising the critical role of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in formulating mitigation and adaptation strategies. It highlights the significant threats climate change poses to Nigeria's ecological balance, economy, and societal structure, including altered temperature patterns, more frequent extreme weather events, and ramifications for agriculture, water supply, and health. It underscores the urgency for effective responses to protect the nation's welfare and economic integrity. The study showcases the potential of IoT technology as a pivotal tool in crafting innovative responses to climate change challenges. It demonstrates how IoT can bolster Nigeria's resilience through enhanced agricultural methods, better management of water resources, and more efficient energy utilisation. IoT devices' real-time data gathering and analytical prowess facilitate precise environmental monitoring, timely disaster warnings, and resource optimisation. The discussion extends to mitigation tactics like shifting towards renewable energy, improving energy efficiency, and sustainable land use, alongside adaptation strategies that include building climate- resilient structures, advocating for water conservation, and applying climate-smart agricultural practices to safeguard food security. Advocating for a cooperative strategy that integrates efforts from the government, private sector, academia, and communities, the paper stresses the importance of incorporating IoT solutions into national climate action and development strategies for a unified and robust approach to climate-related challenges. It concludes with a roadmap for the future, proposing policy reforms, investments in IoT infrastructure, skill development, and heightened public awareness as essential moves towards a sustainable, climate-resilient Nigeria. By strategically deploying IoT technologies, Nigeria can mitigate the detrimental impacts of climate change and tap into new avenues for economic and environmental prosperity.
A Human Volunteer Study of Nutraceutical Product ‘Rekindle for Men’
Authors: Kamble Kranti , Naterwalla Nikita , Laddha Kirti
Published: May 2024

Successful randomized observational data provide strong experimental evidence to prove the efficacy of Rekindle for Men. Arelang Naturals Private Limited brings natural ingredients for immunity and to promote the overall well-being of Men’s health. Nutritional supplements from plant-based enriched extracts have been used in the form of a cocoa bars. Rekindle for men is a nutraceutical product comprising Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivillinum), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Ginseng (Panax ginseng), Gokhru (Tribulus terristris), Vidarikand (Pureria tuberosa), Kapikacchu (Mucuna pruriens), Jaiphal (Myristica fragrans), Ginkgo biloba and Saffron (Crocus sativus) which help in elevating mood, energy and primal impulses. The present study will help in knowing the use of a nutritional supplement in cocoa bars chocolate form for men’s health. The data is statistically significant and enough for assessing the effect of nutritional supplements on better health and overall immunity.
Blood Group Detection Using Image Processing
Authors: M Bavyasri , K Elangovan , V Gayathree , J Mahanandha , Ahamed S.A Althaf
Published: May 2024

During medical crises, access to an ample blood supply is crucial for saving lives. Shortages of required blood types in hospitals can result in significant delays in patient treatment. To tackle this urgent issue, we introduce BloodHub, an extensive web platform designed to streamline blood search, availability assessment, and compatibility determination using Support Vector Machines (SVM). BloodHub acts as a centralized hub where both donors and recipients can register and participate in the blood donation process. The platform offers a user-friendly interface for individuals in need of blood donations, enabling them to locate specific blood types nearby. Additionally, BloodHub provides real-time updates on blood unit availability across registered blood banks and donation centers, simplifying the procurement process for healthcare facilities and emergency responders. One of BloodHub's standout features is its SVM- powered blood group detection capability. By examining genetic markers in blood samples, SVM algorithms accurately identify donors' blood groups, ensuring compatibility with recipient needs. This functionality not only improves blood-matching efficiency but also reduces the risk of transfusion-related complications. Moreover, BloodHub implements robust security measures to protect user privacy and confidentiality.
Economic Analysis of High-Speed Railways: A Holistic Methodological Approach
Authors: Kiliç Beyhan
Published: May 2024

The most controversial issue regarding a high- speed railway investment is the huge capital cost, and the main question is whether its benefits will be worth the huge investment costs. High-speed railways have long planning processes and face great risks. Therefore, a holistic approach has been required under conditions of uncertainty. The purpose of this paper is to unify the methods for determining the huge rail investment costs. This paper investigated the economic analysis of high- speed railways as a part of a new silk iron road corridor, in terms of both passenger and freight railway transport between Europe and Asia. In this context, a benefit-cost evaluation of the Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway as a part of the backbone railway line of Turkey's Edirne- Kars high-speed railway corridor has been carried out. A holistic methodological method is presented for evaluating the benefit-cost analysis of both high-speed and freight railways. The economic analysis results show that in cross-continental countries, network effects must be taken into consideration when evaluating the high- speed railway's benefit-cost analysis.
Consistent Robust Analytical Approach for Outlier Detection in Multivariate Data using Isolation Forest and Local Outlier Factor
Authors: Srinarayani K. , Reddy K. Jagadeeswar , Reddy C. Manikanta , Pranav C. Shanmukh
Published: May 2024

Outlier detection in real-time from multivariate streaming data is an important research subject in numerous areas. The new presentation of gradual Neighborhood Anomaly Variable (iLOF) and its variations has acquired consideration for their high recognition execution in information streams with evolving circulations. This paper presents a new intelligent exception location framework called include rich intelligent anomaly discovery, which integrates human interaction into the detection process to improve performance and simplify detection. It offers interactive mechanism that allows for instinctive client cooperation during every vital stage of the fundamental anomaly recognition calculation, for example, thick cell choice, area mindful distance thresholding, and last top exception approval. This approach helps resolve the challenge of specifying key parameters like density and distance thresholds in other outlier detection methods. Additionally, the system proposes an innovative optimization method to enhance grid-based space partitioning. The Local Outlier Factor (LOF) measures the level of outlierness of each occasion in light of the conveyance thickness in the dataset. Higher LOF values indicate a higher likelihood of an instance being an outlier. Instances with LOF values above a set threshold are identified as outliers. The calculation of LOF values involves several steps, which are detailed in original articles for further reference.
Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Poultry Feed, Water, and Eggshell
Authors: Sohaib Muhammad , Kalhoro Dildar Hussain , Baloch Hasina , Kalhoro Muhammad Saleem , Kalhoro Waheed Ali , Moryani Ahmed Ali , Marri Asad Ullah
Published: May 2024

Poultry is the most important source of proteins forconsumption. Egg shell and drinking water contributes significantly to the spread of viral, bacterial, and protozoan infections in poultry. A total of 150 samples from poultry feed (feeders n=25, feed bags n=25), water (water tanks n=25, drinkers n=25), and eggshell (n=50) were collected from ten layer farms of district Tando Allahyar. Overall results showed that higher 52% bacterial infection was recorded from the poultry feed, 42% was recorded from water samples while the lowest prevalence recorded from the eggshell 32%. The isolated bacterial species were E. coli, Salmonellatyphi, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. In poultry feed, a higher prevalence percentage of E. coli(16%) was recorded, followed by S. sonnei (14%), S.typhi(8%), S. aureus (8%),P. mirabilis (6%), and K. pneumonia (4%). In water, a higher prevalence of E. coli(12%) was recorded, followed by S. aureus (14%),S.typhi(11%), S. sonnei (11%), P. mirabilis (4%), and K. pneumonia (2%). In eggshells, a higher prevalence of E. coli(10%) was recorded followed by S. typhi(6%), S. sonnei (6%), S. aureus (6%), K. pneumonia (2%), and P. mirabilis (2%). E. coli species were susceptible to Tetracycline and Streptomycin. Salmonella typhi was susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline. Shigella sonnei was susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline.Klebsiella pneumonia was susceptible to Streptomycin and Gentamicin.Proteus mirabilis was susceptible to Streptomycin and Gentamicin.Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Gentamicin and Erythromycin. In conclusion higher (52%) bacterial infection was recorded from the poultry feed,(42%) was recorded from water samples and the lowest prevalence was recorded from the eggshell (32%). It is concluded from the present study that bacterial contamination of E. coli, S. typhi, S. sonnei, K. pneumonia, P. mirabilis, S. aureus is common in poultry feed, water, and eggshell.
Uranus Orbiter and Probe: A Radio Science Investigation to Determine the Planet’s Gravity Field, Depth of the Winds, and Tidal Deformations
Authors: Parisi Marzia , Friedson A. James , Mankovich Chris R. , Hofstadter Mark D. , Akins Alex B. , Karimi Reza , Landau Damon F.
Published: May 2024

The most recent Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey has proposed Uranus as the target for NASA’s next large-scale mission. The interior structure and atmosphere of the planet are currently poorly understood, and objectives for investigating Uranus’s deeper regions and composition are highly ranked. Traditionally, gravity science has served as one of the primary means for probing the depths of planetary bodies and inferring their internal density distributions. In this work, we present precise numerical simulations of an onboard radio science experiment designed to determine Uranus’s gravity field and tidal deformations, which would offer a rare view into the planet’s interior. We focus on the mission’s orbital planning, discussing crucial parameters such as the number of pericenter passes, orbital inclination, and periapsis altitude necessary to meet the gravity measurement requirements for a Uranus orbiter. Our findings suggest that eight close encounters may be sufficient to determine the zonal gravity field up to J
8 with a relative accuracy of 10%, if the trajectory is optimized. This would allow for the decoupling of the gravity field components due to interior structure and zonal winds. Additionally, we find that the expected end-of-mission uncertainty on Uranus’s Love number k
22 is of order ∼0.01 (3σ). This level of accuracy may offer crucial information about Uranus’s inner state and allow for discriminating between a liquid and solid core, thus shedding light on crucial aspects of the planet’s formation and evolution.
Lists of predatory journals and publishers: a review for future refinement
Authors: Kakamad Fahmi H. , Abdalla Berun A. , Abdullah Hiwa O. , Omar Sami S. , Mohammed Shvan H. , Ahmed Sasan M. , Mohammed Karukh K. , Hassan Hemn A. , Baba Hiwa O. , Ahmed Jaafar O. , Mustafa Mohammed Q. , Omar Diyar A. , Salih Rawezh Q. , Rahim Hawbash M. , Hussein Dahat A. , Hassan Marwan N. , Mikael Tomas M. , Hassan Hunar A. , Najar Kayhan A.
Published: May 2024

Although predatory publishers are increasingly recognized, universally accepted criteria for defining predatory journals are lacking. These journals challenge the scholarly community by blurring the line between legitimate and questionable publishing practices. Several lists and reports of predatory journals have been published, which offer valuable insights; however, they are not devoid of criticism. Beall’s list, although criticized for its inclusion criteria, is currently managed anony-mously and updated infrequently. Cabells’ list uses an extensive array of inclusion criteria, some of which are similar to those used in Beall’s list. Several of these cri-teria are redundant and fail to detect predatory practices, and using all of them in evaluating a journal is seldom practicable. Kscien’s list has emerged as a promising alternative for identifying predatory publishers or journals. However, it requires refinement, potentially through creating a distinct list supported by unequivocal evidence, such as accepting a fake manuscript (ascertained through a sting opera-tion). The present review seeks to catalyze research on identifying predatory jour-nals and publishers by comparing existing lists and suggesting new techniques for detecting predatory practices.
Posterior Segment Manifestations of Syphilis and Correlation With Serologic Markers of Infection
Authors: Rickels Kaersti L. , Jabbehdari Sayena , Krishnan Vignesh J. , Chauhan Muhammad Z. , Ji Marco H. , Tetelbom Pedro S. , Sallam Ahmed B. , Chacko Joseph G. , Mansour Ahmad M. , Uwaydat Sami H.
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective:

Retrospective analysis correlating serologic titers of ocular syphilis with posterior segment manifestations.

Patients and Methods:

This study consisted of 40 patients (80 eyes imaged, 68 affected) with positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and
Treponema Pallidum
immunoglobulin G. We collected demographic and presentation data including HIV status, absolute CD4 count, RPR, cerebrospinal fluid-venereal disease research laboratory (CSF-VDRL) test, and retinal zone. We categorized imaging into syphilitic outer retinopathy (SOR), acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy, retinitis/chorioretinitis (RC), and papillitis. Multivariate analysis correlated HIV status, RPR, and VDRL titers with posterior segment findings and zone.

Results:

Mean age of 42.8 ± 10.7 years, with 70% male patients. Presenting visual acuity (logMAR) 0.66 ± 0.74 did not correlate with RPR, nor was it associated with papillitis, RC, or acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy. Higher RPR (≥ 1:128) positively associated with SOR (
P
= 0.031) and zone 1 (odds ratio [OR], 1.62;
P
= 0.02), but negatively associated with zone 2 (OR 0.35;
P
= 0.005). HIV positivity increased RC odds (OR, 4.45;
P
= 0.047).

Conclusion:

Higher RPR correlated with SOR and zone 1, whereas HIV positivity correlated with RC.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:511–516.]
The role of immune cells in resistance to oncolytic viral therapy
Authors: Ambegoda Prathibha , Wei Hsiu-Chuan , Jang Sophia R-J
Published: May 2024

Resistance to treatment poses a major challenge for cancer therapy, and oncoviral treatment encounters the issue of viral resistance as well. In this investigation, we introduce deterministic differential equation models to explore the effect of resistance on oncolytic viral therapy. Specifically, we classify tumor cells into resistant, sensitive, or infected with respect to oncolytic viruses for our analysis. Immune cells can eliminate both tumor cells and viruses. Our research shows that the introduction of immune cells into the tumor-virus interaction prevents all tumor cells from becoming resistant in the absence of conversion from resistance to sensitivity, given that the proliferation rate of immune cells exceeds their death rate. The inclusion of immune cells leads to an additional virus-free equilibrium when the immune cell recruitment rate is sufficiently high. The total tumor burden at this virus-free equilibrium is smaller than that at the virus-free and immune-free equilibrium. Therefore, immune cells are capable of reducing the tumor load under the condition of sufficient immune strength. Numerical investigations reveal that the virus transmission rate and parameters related to the immune response significantly impact treatment outcomes. However, monotherapy alone is insufficient for eradicating tumor cells, necessitating the implementation of additional therapies. Further numerical simulation shows that combination therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T-cell) therapy can enhance the success of treatment.
A prostate seed implantation robot system based on human-computer interactions: Augmented reality and voice control
Authors: Zhang Xinran , Zhang Yongde , Yang Jianzhi , Du Haiyan
Published: May 2024

The technology of robot-assisted prostate seed implantation has developed rapidly. However, during the process, there are some problems to be solved, such as non-intuitive visualization effects and complicated robot control. To improve the intelligence and visualization of the operation process, a voice control technology of prostate seed implantation robot in augmented reality environment was proposed. Initially, the MRI image of the prostate was denoised and segmented. The three-dimensional model of prostate and its surrounding tissues was reconstructed by surface rendering technology. Combined with holographic application program, the augmented reality system of prostate seed implantation was built. An improved singular value decomposition three-dimensional registration algorithm based on iterative closest point was proposed, and the results of three-dimensional registration experiments verified that the algorithm could effectively improve the three-dimensional registration accuracy. A fusion algorithm based on spectral subtraction and BP neural network was proposed. The experimental results showed that the average delay of the fusion algorithm was 1.314 s, and the overall response time of the integrated system was 1.5 s. The fusion algorithm could effectively improve the reliability of the voice control system, and the integrated system could meet the responsiveness requirements of prostate seed implantation.
La fabrique publique/privée des données de planification urbaine en France : entre logique gestionnaire et approche territorialisée de la règle
Authors: Ausello Nicolas
Published: May 2024

La question des données territoriales revêt une importance croissante pour l’État, qui entend orienter leur production, leur circulation et leur condition d’usage. Cet article examine les modalités du repositionnement de l’État vis-à-vis des collectivités locales en matière d’urbanisme règlementaire dans le cadre de la standardisation et de la numérisation des données des Plans Locaux d’Urbanisme. Il explore également l’intégration de ces données dans une géoplateforme unique. Nous montrons que ce projet de construction d’un outil commun à l’échelle nationale s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une reprise en main par le pouvoir central des données de planification urbaine à travers l’intégration partielle de méthodes privées, développées par des sociétés commerciales au cours des années 2010 grâce au processus d’open data. L’étude de la fabrique publique/privée des données de l’urbanisme règlementaire permet de mettre en exergue deux points clés de la reconfiguration de l’action de l’État par rapport aux territoires : d’une part, l’émergence d’une tension entre une logique gestionnaire de la donnée et une approche territorialisée de la règle, adaptée au contexte du projet local, soulève la question d’une réaffirmation de l’État en matière de règlementation de l’urbanisme et d’une potentielle prévalence des "cases prédéfinies" sur la logique fine et contextualisée de la règle ; d’autre part, la numérisation et la standardisation des données d’urbanisme mettent en place les conditions d’une instrumentation technique des territoires au service de leur suivi et de leur contrôle à travers des comparaisons territoriales chiffrées. Cette étude conclut à une complexification de la fabrique contemporaine des données territoriales tout en soulignant l’intérêt du suivi de ces dernières pour saisir les enjeux qui s’incarnent dans de nouveaux types d’instruments hybrides de pilotage étatique de l’action locale.
Les bons comptes ne font pas l’égalité. Le partage des rémunérations en maisons de santé
Authors: Morize Noémie
Published: May 2024

Dans un secteur de la santé historiquement caractérisé par des hiérarchies professionnelles et de genre, des professionnel·les de maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles promeuvent cependant une égalité entre groupes professionnels. Celle-ci s’incarne, entre autres, dans le partage de financements publics. Ce dernier participe-t-il à transformer localement les hiérarchies entre groupes professionnels et les inégalités de genre ? Cette enquête qualitative s’appuie sur des observations de réunions entre professionnel·les de santé et pouvoirs publics autour de l’allocation de financements, ainsi que sur 64 entretiens semi-directifs réalisés dans trois maisons de santé. En s’inscrivant dans la sociologie des rémunérations, cet article analyse les transformations des hiérarchies professionnelles et des rapports de genre, montrant une tension entre la mise en place de barèmes de rémunération égalitaires dans des temps collectifs qui restent marginaux et le maintien de rémunérations hiérarchisées dans le travail de soin.
Enjeux et réalités de l’éducation au développement durable en Suisse romande
Authors: Lausselet Nadia , Pache Alain , Hertig Philippe
Published: May 2024

Le Plan d’études romand (PER) définit les grandes orientations de la scolarité obligatoire en Suisse francophone et fait de l’éducation en vue d’un développement durable (EDD) l’une de ses finalités centrales, en affirmant notamment qu’elle « teinte l’ensemble du projet de formation ». La Suisse étant un État fédéraliste, l’autonomie cantonale reste considérable dans la mise en œuvre du PER, ce qui conduit à des inscriptions curriculaires de l’EDD assez différentes d’un canton à l’autre. Après l’analyse des finalités prescrites et des formes curriculaires, l’article se focalise sur les constats tirés de recherches portant sur les pratiques de l’EDD au primaire et au secondaire ainsi que sur des enquêtes menées auprès d’enseignants en formation ou déjà titularisés et de membres de direction, avant d’évoquer les dispositifs de formation mis en place dans le canton de Vaud et de conclure sur quelques enjeux de formation des enseignants.
La plateforme numérique de MaaS HVV switch à Hambourg : un nouvel instrument de gouvernance de la mobilité ?
Authors: Eskenazi Manon , Quillerier Thomas
Published: May 2024

Depuis une dizaine d’années, les pouvoirs publics hambourgeois voient émerger sur les espaces publics de nouveaux opérateurs privés dans le domaine de la mobilité : les plateformes numériques de mobilité partagée. Pour tenter de les réguler, la ville de Hambourg s’est emparée du concept de Mobility as a Service (MaaS) en créant en 2013 la plateforme publique Switchh adossée à des stations de mobilité dans l’espace public. Cet article interroge la manière dont la ville de Hambourg se saisit du MaaS comme d’un instrument pour i) organiser ce nouvel écosystème d’acteurs de la mobilité et ii) aménager l’espace public pour répondre à ses objectifs de mobilité durable. Notre enquête qualitative, appuyée sur des entretiens semi-directifs, de l’analyse documentaire et de l’observation, montre que les pouvoirs publics se saisissent bien du MaaS comme outil de coordination d’acteurs, par l’intermédiaire de l’opérateur de transport public de la ville. Cependant, le manque de moyens humains et financiers de l’acteur public couplé aux intérêts néolibéraux des opérateurs privés sur un marché en libre concurrence conduit à une privatisation de l’espace public hambourgeois par le MaaS, et questionne ses effets sociaux.
Évaluer le contenu des notifications d’alerte diffusées en France via FR-Alert® : enjeux scientifiques et retombées opérationnelles
Authors: Douvinet Johnny , Rakoto Miangaly , Grancher Delphine , Daudé Eric , Moutard Romain
Published: May 2024

En France, depuis juin 2022, les autorités préfectorales ont la possibilité d’envoyer une notification d’alerte sur les téléphones portables des individus situés dans une zone de danger, depuis une plateforme appelée FR-Alert®. Si de nombreux travaux montrent que ce message doit être clair, précis et formulé avec des mots simples, pour être compris par le plus grand nombre, aucune étude n’avait toutefois été menée pour analyser le contenu de messages réellement diffusés et le comparer à l’état des connaissances scientifiques et opérationnelles. Pour combler ce manque, une grille d’analyse a été appliquée sur 100 notifications d’exercices et 29 alertes réelles, envoyées entre mai 2022 et février 2024. Cette grille liste la fréquence des éléments présents (pour calculer un score) et permet la comparaison entre toutes les notifications. Parmi les résultats, on note que : 1) la plupart des notifications ont suivi les préconisations (69% incluent au moins 50% des attendus) ; 2) des messages s’écartent des préconisations et soulèvent des questions sur leur appréhension par les publics visés ; 3) la temporalité de l’événement (heure de début) et l’insertion d’un lien internet pour certifier le statut de l’émetteur ont très souvent été oubliés. La démultiplication des exercices, l’utilisation répété par certaines préfectures ou l’envoi d’alertes réelles n’induisent toutefois pas d’évolution dans les scores, ce qui amène à questionner le transfert des connaissances vers les acteurs opérationnels et à imaginer différentes pistes d’évolution pour la plateforme FR-Alert®.
L’ubérisation des activités productives : un nouveau défi pour les politiques publiques d’aménagement
Authors: Heitz Adeline
Published: May 2024

Cet article propose d’investiguer les conséquences spatiales de l’ubérisation des activités productives. Il se concentre sur deux secteurs spécifiques, la construction et la livraison qui relèvent du secteur productif. Ces activités sont particulièrement concernées par un phénomène d’ubérisation qui se traduit par le développement des plateformes numériques et la croissance en nombre des autoentrepreneurs dans ces secteurs. L’analyse de la localisation à l’échelle régionale (Ile-de-France) et à l’échelle urbaine (EPT Plaine Commune) des autoentrepreneurs du secteur de la livraison et de la construction nous renseigne sur 1) l’ubérisation des territoires populaires ; 2) la résidentialisation des fonctions productives. Cette dernière est à rebours des pratiques plus traditionnelles de l’aménagement des activités productives qui font la part belle aux zones d’activités économiques et révèle paradoxalement une autre forme de mixité fonctionnelle.
Sustainable Warriors Unleashed
Authors: Pita Thembelihle , Chiweshe Nigel
Published: May 2024

Several authors have researched and published articles clarifying sustainability and how large businesses participate in sustainability initiatives. On the other hand, there is a dearth of published research on the factors that motivate small and medium-sized enterprises (SMMEs) to engage in environmentally friendly business practices. To fill this void, this chapter presents the results from a study on the factors that influence SMMEs to engage in sustainable practices. Normative pressures have a greater influence when leading entrepreneurs to engage in sustainable practices. Interestingly isomorphic forces impact SMMEs in their pursuit of sustainability similarly to large corporations. From a managerial perspective, this chapter urges the micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise sector to place a greater emphasis on information exchange to accommodate the growing demand for businesses to become involved in sustainable development. In addition, entrepreneurs need to be more aggressive in encouraging internal innovation towards sustainable practices.
Traffic
Authors: Endo Pérez Hayder Luis , Leiva Mederos Amed Abel , Senso-Ruíz José Antonio , Atemezing Ghislain Auguste , Lio Daniel Gálvez , Sánchez-Chávez Jose Luis , Cueva Alfredo Simón
Published: May 2024

Traffic event detection is a multidisciplinary field that includes information retrieval, automatic, big data, etc. The absence of tools that integrate the detection of traffic events with the annotation, grouping, and location of events on transport routes led to the conception and implementation of this intelligent system based on ontologies for the management of streams, which facilitates the grouping of traffic data. As a result of the application of the system, it was possible to identify the speed events of a road in real-time and validate its efficiency through clustering algorithms.
Multi-Factor Authentication Web Security System Based on Facial Recognition, One Time Password, and Hashed Secure Question
Authors: Ejekwu Graveth Uzoma , Ajodo Samson , Mashood Lawal O. , Balogun Oluwafemi S.
Published: May 2024

Web application authentication is a critical aspect of digital security, serving as both the first and last line of defense for safeguarding sensitive information. Unfortunately, traditional text-based passwords are susceptible to a variety of attacks, leaving many web apps vulnerable to data theft by unauthorized users. As a solution, this study developed a multi-factor authentication technique to bolster the conventional username and password method. Utilizing Agile methodology, the proposed solution examined current authentication practices and evaluated the feasibility of multi-factor authentication. The system generates a one-time password (OTP) using the user's login credentials and incorporates additional steps such as face recognition and secure hashed questions for user authentication. To enhance security and user flexibility, the system was implemented using Python programming language, various Python libraries, and an image processing library.
Leveraging Ethics in Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Applications
Authors: Uunona Gabriel N. , Goosen Leila
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study reported on is to establish ways in which ethics in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and applications can be leveraged towards improved, standardized and safe e-learning management systems (eLMSs) at higher education institutions (HEIs) in Namibia, against the background of semantic web technologies and applications in artificial intelligence, the internet of things (IoT), and artificial intelligence of things (AIoT).
Classification of Indian Native English Accents
Authors: Aadhitya A. , Balasubramanian K. N. , Sweetlin J. Dhalia
Published: May 2024

The accent spoken by the people is generally influenced by their native mother tongue language. People located at various geographical locations speak by adding flavors to their native language. Various Indian native English accents are classified to bring out a classic difference between these accents. To bring a solution to this problem, a comparative classification model has been built to classify the accents of five distinct native Indian languages such as Tamil, Malayalam, Odia, Telugu, and Bangla from English accents. Firstly, the features of the five-second audio samples each from different accents are obtained and converted to images. The consolidated attributes are gathered. The VGG16 pre-trained model is fused with support vector model to classify accents accurately. Secondly, along with these features, mel frequency cepstral coefficient is added and trained. Then, the features obtained from VGG16 were reduced using principal component analysis. Highest accuracy obtained was 98.46%. Further analysis could be made to produce automated speech recognition for various aspects.
Applying Geospatial Data to Choose the Optimal Route During the Road Design Stage
Authors: Ahmed Ehyaudin Musema , Mohammed Mohammed Nuru , Galety Mohammad Gouse
Published: May 2024

This chapter addresses the challenge of road route selection by employing a systematic geospatial data integration approach during the design phase. The methodology revolves around the acquisition and analysis of datasets, such as satellite imagery, DEMs, GIS, and other important data sets. Leveraging Python programming, the chapter endeavors to develop a tailored geospatial framework for optimizing road route selection, with a focus on evaluating socio-economic, engineering and environmental impacts and aligning with sustainability objectives. Resulting in a robust methodology determining optimal alignments based on terrain, environmental, and socioeconomic factors using MCA. The chapter extend to providing data-driven recommendations for the development of resilient infrastructure, ensuring that road design aligns with sustainability principles to foster economic prosperity, environmental conservation, and societal well-being a paradigm shift in road expansion strategies.
AI-Integrated Biosensors and Bioelectronics for Agriculture
Authors: Bhambri Pankaj , Khang Alex
Published: May 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) alongside biosensors and bioelectronics has introduced a new age in precision agriculture, enabling the enhancement of agricultural processes. This book chapter examines the utilization of AI, biosensors, & bioelectronics in the domains of agriculture as well as aquaculture. The chapter commences with an examination of the agricultural sector's preoccupations, such as constraints on resources, environmental sustainability, and productivity. Subsequently, the text examines how biosensors and bioelectronics might effectively tackle these challenges by continuously monitoring and collecting agricultural data in real-time. A significant portion of the chapter focuses on the integration of artificial intelligence with biosensors. Farmers can make well-informed judgments about crop management, disease detection, and yield optimization by utilizing effective data analysis, predictive modeling, and decision-making. AI-powered biosensors have enhanced agricultural efficiency in several case studies and real-world applications.
Applications of Machine Learning Techniques for Achieving Financial Sustainability
Authors: Naim Arshi
Published: May 2024

In the contemporary business landscape, enterprises grapple with the pursuit of marginal profits, recognizing that the bedrock of their success lies in financial sustainability. Consequently, the mitigation or prevention of business financial risks (BFR) emerges as a pivotal factor in enhancing firms' profitability prospects. Various technological strategies are employed to address the challenges posed by financial risks, with machine learning (ML) standing out as a particularly pertinent and effective solution across diverse business sectors. In the current milieu, the significance and efficacy of ML are keenly acknowledged, with businesses leveraging this cutting-edge technology to tackle challenges associated with BFR.
Data Guardians
Authors: Arik Ahmet Okan , Kose Busra Ozdenizci
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of generative adversarial networks (GANs) and their profound impact on the field of cybersecurity. GANs have evolved from their initial application in image generation to play a crucial role across a wide spectrum of cybersecurity domains, including synthetic data generation, anomaly detection, malware identification, cryptographic key generation, and biometric security enhancement. By detailing the architecture and types of GANs, alongside their application in generating synthetic data for robust security model training and simulating cyber threats, this analysis highlights the versatility and adaptability of GANs in addressing contemporary cybersecurity challenges. Additionally, the chapter confronts the technical challenges associated with GAN development, and navigates the ethical considerations surrounding their use, advocating for responsible deployment and the establishment of ethical guidelines. Through this comprehensive overview, GANs are positioned as indispensable tools in the development of secure digital infrastructures.
GAN-Based Privacy Protection for Public Data Sharing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kalyanaraman Swaminathan , Ponnusamy Sivaram , Saju S. , Vijay R. , Karthikeyan R.
Published: May 2024

In this study, the authors introduce “SecureNetGAN,” a novel system designed to protect wireless sensor networks (WSNs) from cyber threats through the use of generative adversarial networks (GANs). WSNs are crucial in various applications, from environmental monitoring to securing borders, but they're often targeted by hackers due to their critical nature. The challenge is that traditional security systems can't always keep up with the constantly changing tactics of these attackers. That's where SecureNetGAN comes in. SecureNetGAN leverages the power of GANs, a type of artificial intelligence where two parts of the system, the generator and the discriminator, work against each other. The generator learns to create data that looks like network attacks, while the discriminator gets better at telling real attacks from fake ones.
An Online Hotel Selection Method With Three-Dimensional Analysis of Reviews' Helpfulness
Authors: Liu Yujia , Li Jihui
Published: May 2024

The multi-attribute decision-making method based on online reviews has been widely used in addressing the hotel selection problem. However, due to information overload and the presence of fake reviews, traditional hotel selection methods that rely solely on unverified review analysis can affect the outcome of hotel selections. In this study, a novel three-dimensional helpful review analysis model based multi-attribute decision-making approach for hotel selection is established. Firstly, a new three-dimensional helpful review analysis model that effectively filters out sentiment inconsistency reviews, topic inconsistency reviews, and reviews from invalid sources is proposed. Secondly, this study employs TF-IDF and LDA to extract attributes for hotel selection. We further utilize BERT to extract sentiment level for each attribute. Then, a ranking result for alternative hotels is obtained using a combination compromise solution method (CoCoSo). Finally, we demonstrate its effectiveness and feasibility through a case study of selecting the optimal hotel from TripAdvisor.com.
Trends and updates on the epidemiology of cancer-associated thrombosis: a systematic review
Authors: Li Ang , Zhou Emily
Published: May 2024

For cancer patients, cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a serious complication. An updated epidemiology of CAT over the last ten years is summarized in this review. A comprehensive analysis of pertinent population cohort research released between 2011 and 2024 was carried out. In patients with unselected cancers, the 12-month incidence of CAT is roughly 3-5% (9-fold increase vs to the matched non-cancer population); however, in patients with advanced cancers requiring systemic therapy, the risk rises to 6-8% (20-fold increase vs. to the matched non-cancer population). Anticoagulation use and adherence have improved, but the risk of recurrence is still high, at 5-8% at 6 months and 7-15% at 12 months. The type, stage, and treatment of cancer, a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE), prolonged hospitalization or immobilization, and obesity are significant clinical predictors of the development of CAT. The modified Vienna-CATS and EHR-CAT have the best performance (area under the curve 0.68-0.71) among the clinical risk prediction scores for CAT using the original Khorana score backbone that has been externally validated. However, additional research is required to guarantee appropriate implementation and utilization of these models. Even with contemporary antineoplastic treatments, CAT is still a major complication for cancer patients. We encourage interdisciplinary partnerships among hematologists, data scientists, epidemiologists, and oncologists to guarantee the integration of customized VTE risk evaluation into standard oncologic treatment.
Onychoscopy of Nail Lesions in Dermatological Disorders
Authors: Sutaria Aashna , Pol Devayani , Dalave Kalyan , Deora Mahendra S. , Sharma Yugal K. , Shah Chintal H.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nail disorders account for about 10% of all dermatological conditions. Onychoscopy is useful not only for their diagnosis but also for assessing severity/progression and monitoring the response to therapy.

Aims and Objectives:

Describing dermoscopic features of nail disorders in patients reporting to the dermatology OPD of our tertiary care hospital and recording the sociodemographic profiles thereof.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 176 patients with effect from August 2019 to August 2021.

Results:

Males (99; 56.25%) outnumbered females (77; 43.75%); males: female: 1.28: 1; their mean age was 35.8 years. Fingernails were affected more oftener (84.09%) than toenails (38.64%). Onychomycosis, the commonest (58;32.95%) condition, revealed findings of aurora borealis pattern (75.86%), subungual hyperkeratosis (72.41%), and onycholysis with jagged edges and spikes (68.97%). The next frequent (32;18.18%) condition was nail psoriasis which revealed pits (81.25%); onycholysis (62.5%) and dilated globose nail fold vessels on capillaroscopy (25%).

Limitations:

The small sample size proved inadequate for the evaluation of statistical significance in the less common conditions and the correlation of disease severity of many. Ideally, confirmatory diagnostic tests should have been done in every patient, as indicated. The magnification of our dermoscopy was 10X; 20- and 40X permit better capillaroscopy.

Conclusions:

Onychocopy can minimize the need for biopsy by highlighting subtle changes and helps narrow down the differentials. It is potentially a diagnostic test of choice in younger children. Our study helped to grade the severity of connective tissue disorders and establish the benignity of melanonychia. Photographic documentation facilitates record-keeping.
Oral Tranexamic Acid for the Treatment of Melasma
Authors: Godse Kiran , Sarkar Rashmi , Mysore Venkataram , Shenoy Manunath M. , Chatterjee Manas , Damisetty Rajetha , Shah Swapnil , Vedamurthy Maya , Aurangabadkar Sanjeev , Srinivas Chakravarthi , Ganjoo Anil , Das Sudip , Patil Anant
Published: May 2024

Melasma, a chronic pigmentary skin condition mainly affecting the face, remains a challenge despite the availability of several options for treatment. Many melasma patients are not satisfied with treatment outcomes. Tranexamic acid (TXA), an anti-fibrinolytic drug has shown promising results in patients with melasma. Evidence from several clinical studies has surfaced on efficacy and tolerability of TXA in these patients. It can be used as monotherapy or adjuvant with other therapies. Currently, there is no published consensus or guideline document for its use in the treatment of melasma. TXA is available for oral use, topical use as well as an injection. In this article, a consensus of Indian experts is prepared based on the available literature and experience with use of oral TXA in melasma. This review article might help clinicians for use of oral TXA appropriately while treating melasma.
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Levels of Cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in Blood and Skin (Lesional and Uninvolved) of Vitiligo Patients and their Possible Role as Biomarkers
Authors: De Abhishek , Choudhary Nidhi , Sil Amrita , Sarda Aarti , Hasanoor Raja Abu Hena
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Vitiligo is a multifactorial disorder, most often explained by the autoimmune hypothesis. The objective of this study is to measure the levels of cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the blood and skin (lesional and uninvolved) of vitiligo patients and to compare it with that of age-matched controls.

Methods:

IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma cytokines were measured with a BioRad 6110 ELISA reader. We compared the levels of these cytokines in generalized versus localized vitiligo and stable versus unstable vitiligo. We also correlated cytokine levels in blood/lesion/uninvolved skin with body surface area (BSA) involvement and Vitiligo Disease Activity (VIDA) scoring.

Result:

Forty-three participants, each with vitiligo and control, were analyzed. The values of TNF-α and IL 6 in sera were significantly higher in the vitiligo group compared with the controls (p < 0.001), whereas INF-γ was significantly lower in the vitiligo group than the control group. TNF-α, INF-γ levels when compared between blood, lesional skin, and normal skin in all vitiligo patients were found to be significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

We conclude vitiligo is strongly associated with increased levels of TNF-α and IL 6.
Pollen Food Allergy Syndrome Caused by Japanese Radish
Authors: Uesugi Atsushi , Tsushima Fumihiko , Miyamoto Youji , Harada Hiroyuki
Published: May 2024

Pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a food allergy that manifests as hypersensitivity symptoms of the oropharyngeal mucosa on ingesting specific foods, and findings resemble herpetic gingivostomatitis. Few reports of PFAS caused by consuming radishes are found in the literature. A 31-year-old man presented to our department with stomatitis and pharyngeal pain. He had no history of allergies. Herpetic gingivostomatitis was suspected. He was admitted to the emergency room a few days later complaining of oral and epigastric pain. Symptoms were similar to those reported previously. He reported frequently consuming raw Japanese radish (Raphans sativus L.) which gave rise to his symptoms. Japanese radish was suspected as the allergen. The skin-prick test confirmed the diagnosis of PFAS. PFAS can be diagnosed easily once the food-causing symptoms are identified. Upon encountering widespread erosion in the oral cavity, it is essential to consider PFAS as the possible cause.
Topical Therapy in Psoriasis
Authors: Ahmed SK Shahriar , Manchanda Yashpal , De Abhishek , Das Sudip , Kumar Rajesh
Published: May 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that progresses in remitting and relapsing phases. Most of these patients have mild-to-moderate illness, which can be managed with topical medications or could be thought of as continuing therapy after remission. Potential therapeutic efficacy is offered, and systemic treatment's negative side effects are constrained. Topical therapies have recently advanced in tandem with recent advancements in our understanding of psoriasis. To improve the quality of life of patients, appropriate knowledge and application of these topical agents are crucial.
Chromoblastomycosis Presenting with Sporotrichoid Distribution and Bony Destruction: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Rao Angoori Gnaneshwar , Marepally Naresh , Sindhu VSNV , Vangala Sreeja , Bujagouni Sindhuja , Boppireddy Pranaya , Koolla Shireesha , Bandaru Anmisha , Ankam Srujana , Bade Bhavita
Published: May 2024

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) presenting with linear distribution and with underlying bony destruction is rare. Herein, we report such a presentation in a farmer who presented with ulcerated nodules over the right leg and swelling of the right foot. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation and histopathological examination of biopsy from nodule revealed characteristic sclerotic bodies on Gomori methenamine silver and periodic acid Schiff stain (PAS), which confirmed the diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis. X-ray of right foot revealed osteolytic destruction of right third metatarsophalangeal joint. Work-up for systemic involvement did not reveal any involvement. He was placed on combination therapy of itraconazole and terbinafine and is under follow-up.