bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A. Platonov’s Script “Inspiration (or – Let the Gods Envy Us!)” in the Context of the Cinematographic “Railway” Project 1936–1938
Authors: Osipenko M. V.
Published: December 2024

A. Platonov’s dramaturgy represents the least studied part of the writer’s heritage. In this study, for the first time, an attempt has been made to reconstruct the complete history of the film script “Inspiration (or – Let the Gods Envy Us!)” (1936) – from the conclusion of the contract with the film studio to the actual cessation of work on the text. For the first time, the prerequisites for its creation are examined in detail, the cinematic, political, railway and other realities of the middle of 1930s reflected in the work are highlighted. The analysis involved previously unpublished sources or the text, cinematic archival documents, publications and periodicals of 1936–1938. During the study significant disagreements between the positions of Platonov and the politically engaged film organization were revealed. These disagreements entailed considerable censorship corrections, the introduction of which, however, did not reduce the artistic value of the work: Platonov, as a rule, kept markers of an undesirable topic or a problem which was raised in the text by removing or replacing individual elements.
From Humanitarian Interventionism to Security Dilemma: Policy of the Putin Regime Regarding Georgia and Ukraine (2008-2022)
Authors: Nechayeva-Yuriychuk Natalia
Published: December 2024

The geopolitical turbulence the world has been living in for the past decades is reaching its peak. The Russian-Ukrainian war is the quintessence and, simultaneously, a reflection of the biggest military-political security challenges at regional and global levels. Russia is their source. From the moment of the collapse of the USSR until today, Moscow has been forced to build relations with the states that arose on its ruins in a new format. However, it never gave up the imperial practices of interaction, considering Georgia and Ukraine as parts of the "ruzzkii mir" and, accordingly, trying with all its might to return them to its sphere of influence at any cost.

Supporting local separatism, fueling ethno-national conflicts, giving citizenship, and introducing military formations under the auspices of the UN as peacekeepers are an incomplete list of measures taken by Moscow to preserve its imperial influence.

The proposed article attempts to examine the Putin regime's policy toward Georgia and Ukraine by disavowal of theoretical and legal concepts used by the Kremlin to legitimize its intervention on the territory of sovereign states.
Lyudmyla Starytska-Chernyahivska and Mykhailo Hrushevsky: Representation of Intellectual Communication 1906–1914
Authors: Zaytseva Zinaida
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the research of the activities of L. Starytska-Chernyakhivska in the intellectual circle of representatives of Ukrainian science, culture and educational institutions, organized by the efforts of M. Hrushevskyi in Kyiv. Based on a wide range of sources, the figure of L. Starytska-Chernyakhivska is analyzed in the context of the eventful and creatively intense atmosphere of Ukrainian spiritual life at the beginning of the 20th century.

On the basis of a wide range of sources, the literary, creative, publishing, and organizational aspects of Starytska-Chernyakhivska's relations with M. Hrushevskyi, his other employees, and those involved in the publication of the Literary and Scientific Herald in Kyiv were analyzed. Conceptualization of the history of relations between two figures of the modern era appears as an important component of cultural, primarily literary and publishing practice.

The study of the nature of scientific communication and intellectual interaction in the circle of like-minded national revivalists made it possible to clarify the role of L. Starytska-Chernyakhivska in creating and strengthening the meaningful field of Ukrainian national and cultural life of the beginning of the 20th century. Some errors of individual authors in the assessment of her figure are refuted.
The Formation of the Power-Political Mentality in Kyivan Rus against the Background of the Adoption of Christianity
Authors: Yuriy Mykhailo , Khristan Nazar
Published: December 2024

The article examines the content and features of the formation of the power-political mentality in Kyivan Rus. It is worth noting that one of the essential moments of political mentality is the process of reflecting in the minds of people the social relations that have developed, the formation of a scheme of perception, and the assessment by people of their position in society. So, if we talk about the methods of studying political mentality, we should first of all talk about the analysis of empirical manifestations of ideologies. Political mentality is associated with various forms of self-organization of society. The multifaceted forms of political life, of which the state (the most significant), the administrative institution, the attitude of people towards political power, the legitimacy of the latter, traditional forms of government, the popularity of political parties and political leaders are all a field where political mentality is revealed.

The political mentality, which is interpreted as an unconscious socio-political identity, at the same time reflects and forms a system of ideas, values, assessments, attitudes, stereotypes, prejudices, motives, symbols, myths, traditions, rituals that have a political color. This internally agreed and externally expressed identity at the level of semiotic models structures political activity, determining its forms and intensity of manifestation. As a result, a specific structure of political mentality is formed, mediated by social ideas and the collective psyche, which determine the types of experiences, patterns of reactions (forms of political activity) and ways of representing political participation and the picture of the world.

The process of formation of the power-political mentality with its named features begins to take shape in Kyivan Rus precisely with the adoption of Christianity (988-989), which became a timely and progressive measure of historical significance. Christianity became an internal spiritual force that united the state. It made it possible to assimilate the highest achievements of world culture, contributed to the expansion of ties with other countries, and the growth of Russia's international authority. In ancient Russian society, a new institution emerged - the church.
Cross-border Сooperation in the Сonditions of Full-Scale War in Ukraine: Humanitarian and Security Dimensions
Authors: Kruglashov Anatoly , Sabadash Natalia
Published: December 2024

In this article, the intensification of cross-border cooperation along Ukraine's western border in the context of Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine is examined. Primarily, this cooperation has focused on providing Ukraine with humanitarian and military support. Since the onset of the full-scale war, Ukraine has received substantial assistance from its Western neighbors. Within border regions, cooperation is taking place in economic, educational, cultural, and other spheres.

Last time it looks like more attention was paid to joint business and infrastructure projects, Still, Cross-border cooperation remains burdened with some old problems at times when new challenges occur.
Czech Initiative on Ukrainian Ammunition – Substantial Aid for Victory over Russia
Authors: Burdiak Vira , Fedorchak Tetiana
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to investigate interaction and assistance, which the Czech Republic provides to Ukraine in the context of a large-scale war against the russian federation. The article uses a statistical comparative, monitoring methods, system and functional methodological approaches.

The authors of the article emphasize that war, which was launched by the russian federation against Ukraine, created a threat to the entire civilized world; that progressive, democratic states immediately supported Ukraine in this brutal war, in every possible way help the indomitable Ukrainian people to resist and overcome the invaders; that world leaders have repeatedly stated that will help Ukraine as much as needed.

At the same time, the article analyzes the positions of the leaders of neighboring countries (Slovakia and Hungary), who refuse to provide military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine in the war, dissolved by the russian federation, not understanding that in the event of the defeat of our state – the enemy will not stop, and will try to regain its influence in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

The significant contribution of the Czech Republic to the provision of various support to Ukraine has been studied – material, humanitarian and military, from the first days of the war against the terrorist and totalitarian regime in russia. The Czech initiative to supply ammunition to Ukraine was particularly powerful, which was launched in February 2024 by the President of the Czech Republic, Petr Pavel.

Ukrainians are very grateful to the Czechs for their understanding and help, which the leaders of Ukraine have repeatedly emphasized. Also help, which the Czech Republic provides to Ukraine, highly valued by the allies of the Czech Republic, thanks to which the Czech Republic strengthened its respect and recognition in the international environment.
The Genesis of the Institution of Presidency in Ukraine: Characteristic Features at the Formation Stage
Authors: Shkuro Anton
Published: December 2024

This article explores the formation of the institution of the presidency in Ukraine, a process that has evolved significantly and continues to undergo transformation in the context of political science. The ongoing evolution emphasizes the uniqueness of the Ukrainian presidency and presents new scientific challenges and opportunities for in-depth analysis.

During the Soviet period, prior to Ukraine's independence, state power was exercised by a collegial body, the Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada. According to Article 2 of the 1978 Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR, all power in Ukraine belonged to the people, who exercised it through the Councils of People's Representatives. This system allowed the people to delegate their governance rights to the Councils, which were organized in a unified structure where lower-level councils were subordinate to higher-level ones. Consequently, all state authorities were accountable to these councils. Based on an analysis of the political system's functioning during that period it can be asserted that the political structure was insular and precluded the establishment of the institution of the presidency.

The practice of introducing the institution of the presidency began to gain traction among the union republics before their secession from the USSR. Scholars agree that this development was partly due to the political weakness of Mikhail Gorbachev, who should have insisted for the establishment of a singular presidency with authority extending across the entire Soviet Union.

A significant milestone in fully introducing the institution of the presidency was the removal of Article 6 from the Constitution, which had previously enshrined the Communist Party's leading role in society. This legislative change paved the way for the conceptualization of an ideal presidential model, addressing issues such as constitutional status, scope of powers, and mechanisms for accountability.

The initial attempt to introduce the institution of the presidency within the Soviet Union set a precedent that other republics, including Ukraine, followed.

The establishment of the institution of the presidency in Ukraine in July 1991 marked a crucial phase in the development of Ukrainian statehood. This move represented a first step towards creating a modern political system, enabling the Ukrainian people to elect their leader and facilitating the implementation of state policies by political institutions more effectively.
Pengaruh Harga Minyak Dunia, Index Dow Jones, Suku Bunga Bank Indonesia dan Inflasi Terhadap IHSG Tahun 2020 - 2023
Authors: Istianah  , Meliza
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of world oil prices, the Dow Jones index, the Indonesian Bank interest rate, and inflation on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IHSG). The population in this study consists of IHSG data from 2020 to 2023. The sampling technique used in this study is a census technique where the entire population of the study is taken as a sample. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that world oil prices, the Dow Jones index, the Indonesian Bank interest rate, and inflation have an influence on the IHSG
Pengaruh Kelompok Referensi, Kualitas Produk Dan Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ulang Pada Produk Scarlett Whitening
Authors: Rahmi Mega Aulia , Surianto Moh. Agung
Published: December 2024

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kelompok referensi, kualitas produk, dan harga mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian ulang produk Scarlett Whitening. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, yang dapat dipahami sebagai metode yang digunakan untuk meneliti populasi atau sampel tertentu, pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian, dan analisis data statistik dengan tujuan untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah ditentukan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 160 orang yang pernah menggunakan produk Scarlett Whitening. Teknik pengambilan sampelnya adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh antar kelompok referensi, kualitas produk mempunyai pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang, dan harga juga mempunyai pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang produk Scarlett Whitening.
The Influence of Employee Engagement, Work Discipline and Transformational Leadership Style of Village Heads on the Performance of Village Apparatus with Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable (Survey of Village Apparatus in Cidahu District,
Authors: Syakiroh  , Harjadi Dikdik , Djuniardi Dede
Published: December 2024

This research phenomenon is oriented towards the performance of village apparatus in Cidahu District, Kuningan Regency. The population of this study was all village apparatus in Cidahu District, Kuningan Regency, totaling 135 employees. Given the relatively small population, all populations were used as samples in this study, totaling 135 village apparatus in Cidahu District, Kuningan Regency. The results of the study were that employee engagement had a positive and insignificant effect on organizational commitment. Work discipline and transformational leadership style of the village head had a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. Employee engagement and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on the performance of village apparatus. The transformational leadership style of the village head had a negative and insignificant effect on the performance of village apparatus. Organizational commitment had a positive and insignificant effect on the performance of village apparatus. Organizational commitment is unable to mediate the influence of employee engagement, work discipline and transformational leadership style on the performance of village officials.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Pemberian Insentif Kerja Terhadap Disiplin Kerja Pegawai Yayasan Nurul Huda Kuningan
Authors: Razak Hafid , Sutanto Aftoni
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh kepemimpinan dan insentif kerja terhadap disiplin kerja karyawan di Yayasan Nurul Huda Kertawangunan. Berdasarkan observasi awal, tingkat disiplin kerja di yayasan ini menunjukkan beberapa permasalahan, seperti ketidakhadiran yang tinggi (3,89%), keterlambatan, dan ketidaksesuaian dengan aturan berpakaian, yang diduga dipengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan dan insentif kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif, dengan menganalisis data yang telah dikumpulkan apa adanya serta memvalidasi hipotesis penelitian. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 38 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dan observasi. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, dengan variabel kepemimpinan dan insentif kerja sebagai variabel independen, serta disiplin kerja sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan dan insentif kerja secara bersama-sama maupun secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap disiplin kerja karyawan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin efektif kepemimpinan dan semakin tinggi insentif kerja akan meningkatkan disiplin kerja karyawan di Yayasan Nurul Huda Kertawangunan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa organisasi yang ingin meningkatkan disiplin kerja karyawan harus fokus pada peningkatan efektivitas kepemimpinan dan pemberian insentif kerja yang memadai
Pengaruh Insentif terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Masa Kerja Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Dikantor Pusar Redaksi Harian Pagi Lamongan
Authors: Sahari  , Musarofah Siti , Wicaksono Arian Yusuf
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh insentif terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan masa kerja sebagai variabel moderasi di Kantor Pusat Redaksi Harian Pagi Lamongan. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi, penelitian ini melibatkan 50 karyawan sebagai responden. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa insentif memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (thitung = 2,406; p < 0,05). Namun, masa kerja tidak memoderasi hubungan antara insentif dan kinerja karyawan (thitung = 0,050; p > 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa insentif merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan, tetapi peran masa kerja tidak signifikan dalam memperkuat hubungan tersebut. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya perusahaan merancang strategi insentif yang efektif untuk meningkatkan produktivitas karyawan, terlepas dari masa kerja mereka.
Strategic planning for smart cities: a case study of Maribor's transformation based on existing strategies
Authors: Bobek Vito , Štuhec Boštjan , Colarič-Jakše Lea-Marija , Horvat Tatjana
Published: December 2024

Background: Maribor faces challenges in transitioning to a smart city, requiring strategic planning that integrates technology and sustainability. Objectives: To develop a comprehensive strategic framework for Maribor's smart city transformation. Methods/Approach: Qualitative methods, including interviews with stakeholders, document analysis, and comparative case studies with other cities, were used to assess Maribor’s strategic needs. Results: Key findings emphasize the need for infrastructural upgrades, public-private partnerships, and community engagement, offering actionable recommendations for sustainable urban development.
Science diplomacy in the BRICS format: efficiency assessment
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Khatkevich Alexandra A.
Published: December 2024

This article presents the results of science di-plomacy in the format of BRICS international association. The paper considers various defi-nitions of science diplomacy, distinguishes concepts of science diplomacy and scientific and technical cooperation, and analyzes scholary literature devoted to BRICS scientific and technical cooperation, During this inter-national association existence a number of in-stitutions were created to implement science diplomacy, its three dimensions: science in diplomacy, diplomacy for science, and science for diplomacy. The author attempts to deter-mine the approaches that can be used in as-sessing the efficiency of science diplomacy in the BRICS format. That is the purpose of the paper. For this, she studied the criteria pro-posed by various researchers to assess the ef-ficiency of international associations function-ing and public diplomacy implementation. Based on the specifics of the subject of effec-tiveness assessment, science diplomacy within BRICS, the author several of the considered indicators and presented some of them in combined or adapted form. In the context of BRICS science diplomacy efficiency assess-ment, information on the directions and re-sults of scientific and technological coopera-tion within the association is systematized. The article focuses on the efficiency of func-tioning of science diplomacy institutions in-cluded in BRICS structure, and on the devel-opment degree of each BRICS science diplo-macy dimension. The study adapted an ap-proach constructed during the research for BRICS science diplomacy efficiency assess-ment, and as a result it has been revealed that this system of interactions can be as-sessed as effective because it meets the se-lected criteria.
Set the epistemic agent free! On John Turri’s critique of knowledge definition in virtue epistemology
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kostina Alina O.
Published: December 2024

The main focus of the following article is the critique offered by John Turri on the subjects of definition of knowledge, its reliable and unreliable types, along with the limits of normativity, given in the field of virtue epis-temology. The boundaries imposed on epis-temic agent are put into question along with the act of eliminating external circumstances of knowledge acquisition.
Another issue is a lack of understanding of whether virtue epistemologists make theories of the ordinary concept of knowledge or knowledge itself. J. Turri claims that under-standing of knowledge as true belief produced by intellectual virtue mixes incompatible units together, for beliefs and knowledge have different purposes in public life and communication. The issue of reliability is sup-ported with a number of case studies, where reliability of knowledge judgements is at-tributed among reliable and unreliable agents surprisingly evenly. The matter of scientific knowledge should use more results and dis-coveries of cognitive studies to have a better analytical base. In the defense of virtue epis-temology it must be noticed that the fact of close relation between ethics and epistemol-ogy merged together, as well as the question of intellectual virtues should not be left out of the offered critique. Nevertheless, J. Turri presents two related alternative visions of knowledge in the framework of ecumenical reliabilism and abilism where knowledge is re-lated to cognitive ability, not necessarily reli-able. The given concept leaves us with the question of close relation between criticized ideas of relibilism and abilism itself.
Collapse of context and blurring of publicity and privacy on social media
Authors:   Dostoyevsky Omsk State University, Chesnokova Lesya V.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to examine the problem of context collapse in social net-works, leading to the erosion of the private and public spheres. To achieve this goal, it is planned to solve the following tasks: define the concept of context collapse, demonstrate the mechanisms of its occurrence, show the dangers of blurring the public and private, demonstrate strategies for overcoming these problems. The concept of the article goes back to the analysis of the structures of social inter-action by E. Hoffman. Nowadays, social net-works have a significant impact on public life, making it possible to keep in touch with users from different social backgrounds. Along with the benefits of a wide range of communica-tion, this raises the problem of context col-lapse, as self-presentation that is appropriate in one social context can cause problems in another. The destruction of information priva-cy creates the danger of losing control over self-presentation and homogenizing relation-ships. Time collapse occurs when archived content, available to everyone, creates a prob-lem in the present. Although modern tech-nology can mitigate these problems through privacy settings, not all users have the tech-nical and social competencies to use them. The privacy paradox is that, despite the ex-pressed concerns about private information, users do little to keep it safe. In addition, a broad context, “the strength of weak ties” and social capital, provides access to a variety of resources. Strategies to mitigate these prob-lems include making contact lists, self-censoring statements, and controlling language style and emotional expression
From dystopias to memes: comparisons and preliminary conclusions
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical Uni-versity, Ivanov Andrey G.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of understanding new forms of expression of reaction to events and processes taking place in society and their comparison with already proven forms have encouraged the focus, respectively, on dystopias and memes. The article defines the concepts of “dystopia” and “meme” and provides exam-ples of the growing connection between uto-pian and meme culture, which is found in re-cent publications and projects. Further, the study suggests a consistent comparison be-tween the selected concepts within the framework of the main sections of philosophi-cal knowledge (ontology, gnoseology, axiology and praxiology) and by the following criteria – by differences in scale, depth and ability to predict the future. The author comes to the conclusion that dystopias and memes are united by an axiological orientation and the desire to express an alternative attitude to re-ality. On other lines of comparison, there are fundamental differences, discovered through the appeal to A. Rigney and C. De Cesari’s idea of multiscalarity, R. Barthes’ intuitions, J. Ur-ry’s forecasts, C. Lévi-Strauss’ legacy, as well as through the demonstration of examples with recent memes. It is noted that a dystopia is a work of large scale, and a meme is just a repli-ca of a situation or an indication of a story prepared for the observer. In the case of memes, there is no moralizing characteristic of utopias and dystopias, but there is an enter-tainment component that helps attract atten-tion to new socio-cultural phenomena. The marked differences between negative utopias and meme complexes – in the ability to pre-dict the future, in scale and depth – are ex-plained by the fact that meme culture is a product of the modern digital era with its characteristic acceleration of time, which does not allow anything to be analyzed in detail. Memes are still only a bright addition to the study of particular cultural trends, a simplified form of reaction to the processes taking place in the world.
The ontological dimension of the digital age language
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Klenovskaya Vasilisa A.
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes the ontological dimension of the modern language in the conditions of media reality. The emphasis is on the artistic language through which self-knowledge takes place. In the conditions of digitalization, a per-son has lost touch with the creative principle. In order to restore a person's connection with the world, it is necessary to restore contact with language as a creative principle through artistic language. In the process of self-knowledge of a person through an artistic lan-guage, authenticity is acquired. Digital reality is a reality in which the boundaries of authen-ticity and inauthenticity are blurred, the pro-cess of self-knowledge is simplified, the para-digm of sensitivity is no longer organically in-herent in man. The culture of humankind has reached such a point that the signs and images created by humans no longer refer to reality. There is a hermeneutical problem, a problem of understanding, because a person is no long-er driven by the desire for knowledge. A per-son loses touch with the whole; there is a concentration on the part as a whole. There is a substitution of concepts and rationalization of reality. Life is perceived as a draft, and real-ity as an effect, and there is a loss of the onto-logical foundation by a person. Thanks to the restoration of connection with the creative principle through the artistic language, a per-son acquires the lost integrity and authenticity of existence. Artistic language makes it possi-ble to combine rationalism and irrationalism, because it is located on the border of these spheres. The inclusion of irrationalization in life will allow a person to become one with the world. If a person is viewed in a new way, the absence of a gap between man and the world will become obvious.
Meme content as a tool of social thinking
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tikhonova Sophia V.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the specifics of Internet memes, which allow them to act as a tool of social thinking. Starting from the idea of A.A. Dydrov that Internet memes are able to represent dystopias, the author, firstly, considers the suitability of meme content to reflect the complex content of dystopias formed as mac-ro-narratives of the culture of printed books and cinema, and secondly, assesses the possi-bilities of critical social reflection in the pro-cess of diffusion of Internet memes, correct-ing its form. The social cognitiveness of a meme, understood as the ability to form collective assessments of social events, can be enhanced by its elasticity, a flexible combination of the constituent elements of its media text, referring through various rhetorical techniques to the voluminous content exter-nal to the meme. The processes of diffusion of popular Internet memes, including sleep and the awakening of “sleeping beauties”, provide time for its reassembly through references to global and local contexts, increasing its critical potential. The diversity of social media con-texts and the distribution of reassembly by translators and modifiers lead to a clarification of the content of dystopian memes. Thus, meme content can be considered as a process of collective thinking about society, working out the understanding of the routine of new technologies in the semiotic codes of dystopias.
Distopia on the Internet: What's new have memes given to the genre?
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Dydrov Artur A.
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on Internet memes as a new form of representation of dystopia. Along with the traditional forms – literature, cinema, music and visual arts – memes are intensively gaining popularity among people of different ages and social statuses. We conducted an empirical study using a semiotic approach. The central point of the article states that: memes have an unprecedented impact on dystopia as a genre. This influence is due to the synthesis of a verbal sign com-plex with a special iconic message (photog-raphy). Along with “abstract” memes of dys-topian themes, one can distinguish a class of memes that directly mark realities, concrete things, locations, ways of arranging everyday life as a dystopia. As a result of this fact, eve-ryday life has received a whole complex of negative connotations that are consistently associated with dystopia (“horror”, “fear”, “hopelessness”, becoming a “zombie”, total degradation, etc.). Memes on the Internet contributed to the emergence of a critical “charge” directly affecting human conscious-ness, without additional obstacles in the form of allusions and allegories. The author ad-heres to the position according to which a meme is a symbolic complex (including a complex of different kinds of signifiers), and not an “elementary” or “atomic” structure. From this, it follows that the meme should not be considered a “primitive” form of rep-resentation, in comparison with the traditional and already designated forms.
The formation of Late Stoic and Early Christian anthropology in mutual influence
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Parilov Oleg V.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the mutual influence of the anthropological ideas of Roman Stoicism and early Christianity. The tasks are to identify the common and special in the anthropological attitudes of the Stoics and Christians, to consider the relevance of these attitudes. The methodological base of the article was made up of methods: hermeneutic (author's interpretation of foreign texts), comparative historical, unity of historical and logical, analysis, synthesis, analogy. Late Stoic and Christian anthropology reveal a deep relationship, which was the result of the colossal influence of Stoicism on the formation of Christian doctrine and the Stoics' unconscious perception of Christian views on man. What Christians and Roman Stoics had in common was their focus exclusively on the inner world, the search for harmonious being in their souls. This is relevant for the modern post-industrial era, which has absolutized the false attitude of the New Age – to put internal harmony and happiness in direct dependence on external factors. The enduring significance of the Roman Stoics and Christians is in the affirmation of man as a biosocial, body-soul-spiritual being with a dominant spiritual component divine in nature (which laid the foundation of Christian asceticism). This approach is relevant in connection with the modern setting for total digitalization, which creates the threat of moving a person into a completely artificial environment. For both currents, the idea of internal spiritual freedom was central, which is also significant for the modern postmodern world, which takes the idea of external freedoms to the extreme (complete emancipation) and exacerbates the situation of “escape” from internal freedom. Roman Stoics and Christians read human life in the context of monotheistic providentialism, which affirms the principle of mutual orientation of the good Divine and free human wills. The code of ethics of the Roman Stoics is practically congenial to the Christian and differs from the ethics of the ancient and middle Stoa. The joint affirmation of the eternal ethical principles by the Stoics and Christians is especially relevant in the modern era of postmodern deconstruction of “big” ideologies, moral, ideological relativism, mimicking tolerance.
A thesis that does not require proof, or a concession to philosophical faith: response to the participants of the discussion
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Arzamas Branch, Volkov Yuri K.
Published: December 2024

The response comments some of the ideas expressed in the replies on the article “Proof of the existence of God: the unfulfilled union of faith and reason”. The author notes that the D.V. Vorobyov’s remark, which considers the doctrine of Meister Eckhart as proof of the existence of God, is an example of the independent historical-philosophy and religious research. However, since this study touches on some general issues of the topic under discussion, an approach that allows us to detect the typical in the unique is fully applicable to it. Based on the analysis of the main content of the article it is concluded that Meister Eckhart's teaching about the existence of the Kingdom of God within man as the alternative to scholastic proofs of the existence of God does not meet the criteria of rational justification of this thesis. The author further discusses the main content of the reply of O.V. Parilov and Fr. Laurence (R.V. Sobko), which is the cultural-historical and theological analysis of the problem of proving the existence of God as a whole. It is shown that the main subject of the authors' critical analysis is the research approach that took shape in the modern era, but periodically actualized the problem of proving the existence of God within the framework of traditional culture. Based on this understanding of the historical limitations of the problem of proving the existence of God, the author positively evaluates O.V. Parilov and Fr. Laurence’s attempt to reveal the real meaning of the Christian understanding of the problem of the correlation between faith and reason. At the same time, the comments express doubts about the possibility of using natural theology to prove the existence of God since the rationale for this thesis lies in the autochthonous sphere of practical consciousness for religion. In this regard it is noted that the experience of using the means of natural science to substantiate the existence of God generates the controversial problem of the union between science and religion. The author concludes that forms of cognition based on faith and reason, despite their successful attempts at interaction, have the ability to exist independently of each other.
The formation of universal labour and the formation of its subject
Authors:   Perm State University, Loskutov Yuri V.
Published: December 2024

Computer technology has both humanizing and dehumanizing effects on labour. In order to humanize modern labour, an analysis of its changes is required that relies on a considera-tion of social substance – actual human indi-viduals. The leading socio-philosophical con-cept explaining the integral human essence of the modern form of labour is the concept of universal labour, which was initiated by K. Marx. The concept of “immaterial labour” proposed by post-operaists can be correctly regarded as one of the modern variants of the concept of universal labour. The substantive basis for singling out the essence of universal labour lies not in technics and not in technol-ogy, but in the working man himself. Universal labour in its essence is not computer-based, but self-programmable. Computer labour of-ten contributes to human alienation, often is not self-programmable – and in such cases it has nothing to do with universal labour. Moreover, computer labour has not only a humanizing, but also an averaging, depersonal-izing effect, similar to its relative abstract la-bour. Universal labour may be computer la-bour, but computer labour and universal la-bour are two overlapping, not identical, sets. The formation of universal labour and the formation of the subject of universal labour are the same process. The subject of universal labour exists directly as an individual with a high level of creativity, and already indirectly as a collective that establishes social-harmonic connections within itself. As a conclusion, it is noted that the key role in the formation of universal, self-programmable labour is played by investing resources in education and health care, rather than by the extensive spread of computer technology.
Tau Immunotherapies for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Tauopathies: Status of Trials and Insights from Preclinical Studies
Authors: Sigurdsson Einar M.
Published: December 2024

The tau protein undergoes pathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies that eventually lead to functional impairments. Over the years, several therapeutic approaches have been examined to slow or halt the progression of tau pathology but have yet to lead to an approved disease-modifying treatment. Of the drugs in clinical trials that directly target tau, immunotherapies are the largest category and mostly consist of antibodies in different stages of development. There is a reasonable optimism that at least some of these compounds will have a clinically meaningful efficacy. This view is based on the significant although modest efficacy of some antibodies targeting amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease and the fact that tau pathology correlates much better with the degree of dementia than amyloid-β lesions. In Alzheimer’s disease, clearing pathological tau may therefore improve function later in the disease process than when removing amyloid-β. This review provides a brief update on the active and passive clinical tau immunization trials with insight from preclinical studies. Various epitopes are being targeted and some of the antibodies are said to target extracellular tau but because almost all of pathological tau is found intracellularly, the most efficacious antibodies should be able to enter the cell.
Targeting Metals in Alzheimer’s Disease: An Update
Authors: Du Bin , Chen Kang , Wang Weiwei , Lei Peng
Published: December 2024

One pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the dysregulated metal ions, e.g., zinc, copper, and iron in the affected brain regions. The dysregulation of metal homeostasis may cause neurotoxicity and directly addressing these dysregulated metals through metal chelation or mitigating the downstream neurotoxicity stands as a pivotal strategy for AD therapy. This review aims to provide an up-to-date comprehensive overview of the application of metal chelators and drugs targeting metal-related neurotoxicity, such as antioxidants (ferroptotic inhibitors), in the context of AD treatment. It encompasses an exploration of their pharmacological effects, clinical research progress, and potential underlying mechanisms.
Stem Cell Interventions in Neurology: From Bench to Bedside
Authors: Pappolla Miguel A. , Wu Ping , Fang Xiang , Poeggeler Burkhard , Sambamurti Kumar , Wisniewski Thomas , Perry George
Published: December 2024

Stem cell therapies are progressively redefining the treatment landscape for a spectrum of neurological and age-related disorders. This review discusses the molecular and functional attributes of stem cells, emphasizing the roles of neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells in the context of neurological diseases such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. The review also explores the potential of stem cells in addressing the aging process. The paper analyzes stem cells’ intrinsic properties of self-renewal, differentiation, and paracrine effects, alongside the importance of laboratory-modified stem cells like induced pluripotent stem cells and transgenic stem cells. Insights into disease-specific stem cell treatments are offered, reviewing both successes and challenges in the field. This includes the translational difficulties from rodent studies to human trials. The review concludes by acknowledging the uncharted territories that warrant further investigation, emphasizing the potential roles of stem cell-derived exosomes and indole-related molecules, and aiming at providing a basic understanding of stem cell therapies.
Advances and Challenges in Gene Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Morroni Fabiana , Caccamo Antonella
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and behavioral impairments. Despite extensive research efforts, effective treatment options for AD remain limited. Recently, gene therapy has emerged as a promising avenue for targeted intervention in the pathogenesis of AD. This review will provide an overview of clinical and preclinical studies where gene therapy techniques have been utilized in the context of AD, highlighting their potential as novel therapeutic strategies. While challenges remain, ongoing research and technological advancement continue to enhance the potential of gene therapy as a targeted and personalized therapeutic approach for AD.
Designing Newer Omega-3 Supplementation Trials for Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review Guided Analysis
Authors: Yassine Hussein N. , Carrasco A. Sofia , Badie Daniel S.
Published: December 2024

Background: Epidemiology cohorts reveal associations between levels or intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the results of randomized clinical trials have been inconsistent. Objective: A systematic review was performed to understand the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognition in adults. The objective was to present suggestions for new study designs to translate epidemiological findings into effective clinical trials. Methods: A database search was conducted on PubMed (MEDLINE) and Web of Science to retrieve articles published between 2000 and 2023 that evaluated the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognitive function. Subsequently, the search results were filtered to collect randomized controlled trials with 100 or more participants, n-3 PUFA supplementation was one of the interventions, cognition was an outcome of interest, and participants were at least 18 years of age. Results: A total of 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. In 5 of the 24 studies reviewed, supplementation with n-3 PUFAs improved cognition. All four trials in persons with AD reported null outcomes. Most of the n-3 PUFA studies in cognitively normal individuals or participants with mild cognitive impairment were null, not powered to detect small effect sizes, or selected participants without dementia risk factors. Conclusions: We recommend that newer n-3 PUFA supplement trials targeting AD prevention be personalized. For the general population, the null hypothesis appears to be correct, and future interventions are needed to identify and test dietary patterns that include PUFA-rich food rather than supplements.
Supplementation with NAD+ Precursors for Treating Alzheimer’s Disease: A Metabolic Approach
Authors: Alghamdi Mohammed , Braidy Nady
Published: December 2024

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurocognitive disorder. There is no cure for AD. Maintenance on intracellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has been reported to be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD. NAD+ precursors that represent candidate targets include nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR). Objective: This systematic review provides insights into the potential therapeutic value of NAD+ precursors including NMN and NR, for the treatment of AD using preclinical and clinical studies published in the last 5 years. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol was followed to systematically search the literature using two databases. Results: We found 3 studies that used NMN to treat AD in preclinical murine models. However, human clinical trials using NMN as a therapeutic intervention in AD was not available in the current literature. We also found 4 studies that investigated the potential benefits of NR for the treatment of AD in preclinical models. We also found 2 human clinical trials that showed marked improvements in plasma and neuroimaging biomarkers, and cognitive measures following supplementation with NR. Conclusions: Results of preclinical and clinical studies confirm the potential benefits of NAD+ precursors for the treatment of AD. However, further clinical studies are required to confirm the increasingly important value of NAD+ precursors as effective pharmacological interventions in the clinic.
Polyphenols and Diets as Current and Potential Nutrition Senotherapeutics in Alzheimer’s Disease: Findings from Clinical Trials
Authors: Chen Xi , Walton Karen , Brodaty Henry , Chalton Karen
Published: December 2024

Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, plays an important role in age-related conditions among older adults. Targeting senescent cells and its phenotype may provide a promising strategy to delay the onset or progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this review article, we investigated efficacy and safety of nutrition senotherapy in AD, with a focus on the role of polyphenols as current and potential nutrition senotherapeutic agents, as well as relevant dietary patterns. Promising results with neuroprotective effects of senotherapeutic agents such as quercetin, resveratrol, Epigallocatechin-gallate, curcumin and fisetin were reported from preclinical studies. However, in-human trials remain limited, and findings were inconclusive. In future, nutrition senotherapeutic agents should be studied both individually and within dietary patterns, through the perspective of cellular senescence and AD. Further studies are warranted to investigate bioavailability, dosing regimen, long term effects of nutrition senotherapy and provide better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Collaboration between researchers needs to be established, and methodological limitations of current studies should be addressed.