bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the professional career values and career awareness of athlete- students: the sample of the faculty of sports sciences
Authors: Döşyılmaz Enver , Şirin Tayfun
Published: October 2021

Background and Study Aim. Athlete-students continue their athletic careers at a professional level during their education, or many try to pursue alternative career paths. While much attention has been given to Athlete-students' academic progress and graduation rates in the literature, little attention has been paid to their attitudes towards career values and career awareness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the career awareness and career values of athletes-students according to some demographic variables.

Material and Methods. This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was performed in the Sports Science Faculty of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University of Turkey which forms the universe of the study. A total of 334 (162 female and 172 male) athletes-students who were undergraduate students in the sports sciences faculty of the university participated in the research. The data collection tool in the study "Professional Career Awareness Scale", and "Career Values Scale" was used. T-test and One-Way ANOVA tests were used to perform the differential analysis and Pearson Correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between variables.

Results. According to the results of the research, it was found that scores of the professional career values and career values of the athletes-students were at a moderate level. It was observed that the students' career values dimensions perception scores differed according to their perception scores and gender, department, class, age variables; there was no difference between the variable of being a licensed athlete and the dimensions. Differences were observed between career awareness dimensions, professional development disposition, and department and age variables. There was no difference between career awareness dimensions and gender, status of being a licensed athlete, and class variable. In addition, it is seen that there is a low and moderate relationship between professional career awareness and career values sub-dimensions.

Conclusions. According to these results, it can be said that due to the lack of standardized measures of athlete-student career development, career awareness and career values are at a moderate level and their perceptions differ according to their demographic characteristics.
Classification of Theories about the Origin of Religions
Authors: Alvargonzález David
Published: October 2021

In this article, I will classify theories about the origin of religions, distinguishing two groups of theories: those upholding the revealed origin of religion and those denying it. The former can be split into two: theories assuming that revelation is an encounter between humans and certain finite extraterrestrial intelligences (an encounter taking place in the past or being expected for the future) and those defining revelation as the presence before humans of either a transcendent, immaterial God or certain mythological or historical beings sent by him. As for the latter, two varieties exist as well: theories holding that non-human animals also have religion, and those restricting religion to humans and explaining their origin through the relationships of human groups with their environment. To classify the latter, I will make use of Gustavo Bueno’s theory of anthropological space. Finally, I will touch on the necessarily partisan components of my classification.
Diversity and distribution of the brown macroalgae (Phaeophyceae Kjellman, 1891) in cham islands, Quang Nam province, Vietnam
Authors: Van Tu Nguyen , Trang Le Thi , Phuong Thao Tran Thi
Published: October 2021

The study investigated the Phaeophyceae during the year 2019 at sixteen sampling sites representative for Cham islands. Specimens were collected by scuba diving, snorkelling and walking at the upper tidal zone in both dry and rainy seasons. Twenty-five species of the Phaeophyceae identified for Cham islands from four orders, four families and eleven genera. The Sargassaceae family is the most abundant species composition, followed by Dictyotaceae, Scytosiphonaceae and Asteronemataceae family. In the six islands surveyed, Hon Lao has the highest diversity with 19 species recorded; Hon Dai, Hon Tai, Hon Kho and Hon Mo island recorded from 10 to 14 species, and the lowest diversity is at the Hon La island with 8 species. Ten species Canistrocarpus cervicornis, Dictyota spinulosa, Lobophora obscura, Lobophora variegata, Pandina minor, Sargassum bicorne, Sargassum herklotsii, Sargassum parvifolium, Turbinaria conoides, Asteronema breviarticulatum reported as new records for the marine flora of Cham islands.
Growth and development of \(\textit{Eleocharis ochrostachys}\) Steud. reproduced from its tubers
Authors: Thi Phuong Vo , Du Sanh Nguyen
Published: October 2021

In this study, the growth and development of Eleocharis ochrostachys were investigated in a control condition. Its tubers of the plant sprouted to produce stems after being cultured in plastic pots for several days. After 120 days, the plant grew to a height of 42.8 cm on average, stem diameters were from 1.5 to 2.0 mm, and the plant started to bloom and produce tubers. The plant spikelet had dimensions of 1.0–2.0 cm high, 2.0–2.5 mm wide after 120 days. The achenes were formed after 128–130 days, had dimensions of 1.15–1.20 mm long, and 0.5–0.7 mm wide when the plant was cultured for 150 days. The tubers had dimensions of 7.0–9.0 mm long, 4.0–6.0 mm diameter, and were about 0.06–0.1 grams after 150 days. This study provided information on the development of Eleocharis ochrostachys cultured in the greenhouse.
Lo que saben los estudiantes de una escuela básica peruana de gestión privada acerca de la nutrición humana
Authors: Rojas Salgado Milagros Esperanza
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal identificar las concepciones alternativas que subyacen en los procesos cognitivos de los estudiantes a medida que se van involucrando en el aprendizaje de la nutrición en el ser humano, un contenido temático contemplado en los programas curriculares a lo largo de toda la escolaridad. Como parte de la metodología de esta investigación se realizó un trabajo de campo en el que se aplicaron instrumentos – previamente validados por juicio de expertos – como cuestionarios de preguntas abiertas y cerradas, así como entrevistas invidivuales y conversaciones tipo plenaria a 20 estudiantes de quinto grado de primaria de una escuela de gestión privada en Lima Metropolitana. Luego de analizar los resultados mediante la revisión documental en función de dos instrumentos: una rúbrica de evaluación y una lista de cotejo, los cuales también fueron validados por juicio de expertos, se obtuvo como conclusión que existen concepciones alternativas que son socialmente compartidas por los estudiantes las cuales fueron organizadas en categorías relacionadas con los órganos involucrados en la nutrición humana, con los sistemas y con los procesos que participan en ella. La identificación de las concepciones alternativas de los estudiantes es crucial en el proceso de enseñanza de las ciencias naturales puesto que simbolizan el punto de partida para la generación de conflicto cognitivo y construcción de aprendizajes científicos escolares, toda vez que los estudiantes explicitan esta concepciones, los docentes tienen la posibilidad de generar oportunidades de aprendizaje que permitan reiterada y progresivamente abordarlas, contraponerlas y, hacer posible que los estudiantes construyan el conocimiento científico escolar.
On the Formation of the New Construction “ta bu xiang ma” of Polysemy Isomorphism and Its Usage in Discourse
Authors: Zhao Min
Published: October 2021

The paper takes “ta bu xiang ma2” as the research object, and analyzes its formation, function, and application in discourse. The study results indicate that “ta bu xiang ma2” is a new and fillable construction that expresses the meaning of the domain of knowing and uttering. The structure has the functions of subjectivity, exclamation, anticipation and illocutionary. The formation mechanism is metaphor, and the motivation is the widespread use of network language and people’s psychology of seeking novelty and differences. “Ta bu xiang ma2” has strong spoken language style and is used in interactive and evaluative contexts. It can be used as both trigger and response sentences, and it has similarities and differences with its related formats.
Conversational Implicature Instruction as a Pedagogical Strategy for English Majors in a Chinese Context: A Pragmatic-Analysis of Its Effectiveness
Authors: Li Shifang
Published: October 2021

In English teaching, teachers have always attached great importance to exploring scientific listening teaching methods to improve students' listening comprehension ability. In order to improve the listening teaching mode, scholars in both China and in other countries have done a series of studies. However, there is little research on the effectiveness of conversational implicature in improving listening comprehension ability of English majors. Therefore, through empirical research, this paper explores the effectiveness of applying the Conversational Implicature Theory in pragmatics to instruct English majors to improve their listening comprehension ability, and tries to find an efficient teaching strategy of conversational implicature. The two classes are used as the experimental class and the control class respectively in this experiment. The experimental class adopts Conversational Implicature Teaching Strategy, while the control class still adopts the traditional teaching mode. The results show that the ability of conversational implicature inference of the experimental class is obviously better than that of the control class, which can effectively improve the listening comprehension level of the students. The results of the study provide some enlightenment for the implementation of conversational implicature teaching strategies in similar environments, and some suggestions for listening teaching of English majors are put forward based on the results of the study.
Classroom Discourse and Teachers’ Experience: A Cognitive View
Authors: Shahi Bibi Malihe Vamagh
Published: October 2021

In this article, we intend to investigate the role of experience in EFL teachers’ discourse using a cognitive taxonomy. In this line, we are going to examine whether there any significant differences between novice and inexperienced groups of teacher in their discourse with regard to a cognitive taxonomy. The selected sample comprises twenty-seven English teachers engaged in EFL classes. Totally, six categories of cognitive processes were introduced. The categories are from the most concrete to the most abstract: (1) knowledge; (2) comprehension; (3) application; (4) analysis; (5) synthesis; and (6) evaluation. According to the results, it was revealed that experienced teachers used more action verbs in all the categories of this taxonomy (428 action verbs out of 805), whereas novice teachers (teachers which has less than 4 years of experience) used 377 action verbs. It can be concluded that experienced teachers teach in more fruitful and meaningful way. Novice teachers can learn and construct meaning from their experiences when they are actively engaged in authentic activity that will help them to learn to think and act in a community of practice.
Home-Space and Politics of Gender in Housekeeping
Authors: Hu Yi
Published: October 2021

Focusing on female characters of Foster family, Marilynne Robinson’s debut novel Housekeeping presents a tension between stability and mobility within the home-space, and in terms of a fixed, bounded gender identity ascribed by domesticity and social convention with a fluid, non-essential one. Drawing on critical theories of Judith Butler, Henri Lefebvre, Michel Foucault, Tim Cresswell, etc., this paper attempts to analyze how the protagonist Sylvie successfully subverts normative politics of gender by redefining the spatial order of home-space and conducting spatial practices.
The Application of Total Physical Response Method (TPR) in Preschool Children’s English Teaching
Authors: Duan Yujing
Published: October 2021

This article through a four months’ TPR teaching experiment among six preschool children, namely, Pre-interview, Pre-test, TPR Teaching Experiment (such as “Display and Imitation”, “Instructions and Action”, “Situational Communication”), Post-test, and Post-interview, attempts to investigate the application and effectiveness of the TPR method in preschool children’s English teaching. The experimental results show that this approach can not only help children understand the new language quickly and gain long-term memory, but also allow children to learn English happily in a “zero stress” environment. However, abstract words and sentences are difficult to express in the TPR methods. At the same time, this “teaching through lively activities” method is easily leads to classroom discipline chaos. The TPR method also requires teachers to have high professional quality and comprehensive skills, including language expression ability, sports ability, performance skills, etc. Therefore, promoting this approach in preschool English teaching also faces technical and teaching staff difficulties. This study validates some conclusions of earlier studies which can provide experience and lessons to preschool English teachers in applying TPR as well as theoretical and practical contributions to future research.
Plantas não convencionais para fins alimentares comercializadas em feiras de São Luís, Maranhão
Authors: Marques Georgiana Eurides de Carvalho , Santos Yanka Azevedo , Pinheiro Alice Maria Pinto , Muniz Roberta Almeida , Vasconcelos Osmar Luis Silva , Santos Djanira Rubim dos
Published: October 2021

A pesquisa analisa a produção, a comercialização e o consumo de plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) em feiras de São Luís (MA), observa-se, além disso, a composição química das espécies Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (vinagreira) e Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn (joão-gome). Foram aplicados questionários a três grupos prioritários: feirantes, consumidores e produtores, aos quais se perguntou sobre seu conhecimento relacionado às PANC, ao retorno financeiro, aos benefícios, ao plantio e à frequência de consumo. Os parâmetros químicos analisados foram proteína, lipídios, fibras, cinzas, Brixº, pH, acidez titulável, vitamina C e açúcares redutores seguindo diversas metodologias. Os resultados mostraram que, nos centros de comercialização de São Luís, as PANC são comercializadas e têm seus benefícios reconhecidos quanto à saúde e à geração de renda pelos feirantes, produtores e consumidores, principalmente para o gênero feminino. As principais responsáveis por seu plantio e comercialização são mulheres, destacando-se, entre os principais consumidores, adultos e idosos. Na vinagreira, observa-se um sabor ácido, determinado pelo elevado pH, acidez Titulável e Vitamina C. O joão-gome apresenta pouco sabor, alto teor de Vitamina C, proteína e fibras. Nas duas espécies mencionadas, o teor de proteínas e fibras elevado mostra a riqueza nutricional característica das PANC. Portanto, os parâmetros químicos de ambas as espécies demostraram o potencial nutricional destas plantas, justificando sua ampla utilização na culinária e na medicina tradicional na região.
Balanço sazonal de água no solo para manejo da irrigação de milho no semiárido de Alagoas
Authors: Araujo Edmaíris Rodrigues , Silva Samuel , Silva Carla Sabrina da , Souza Jonatas Emanuel , Sousa Amanda Cibele da Paz , Teodoro Iêdo
Published: October 2021

O uso adequado dos recursos hídricos e o manejo correto da irrigação na cultura do milho necessitam de ferramentas práticas e simples, porém, baseadas em estudos científicos. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho elaborar balanços de água no solo, adaptando o modelo de Thornthwaite e Mather (1955) para o cultivo de milho em regime de sequeiro e irrigado, em diferentes épocas de cultivo (verão-outono, outono-inverno, inverno-primavera e primavera-verão) na região semiárida do estado de Alagoas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com dados meteorológicos obtidos em uma estação automática instalada na cidade de Piranhas. A evapotranspiração da cultura foi determinada pelo método do coeficiente da cultura único, a evapotranspiração de referência pelo modelo de Penman-Monteith e o balanço de água no solo pelo modelo de Thornthwaite e Mather. Na região semiárida de Alagoas, a demanda hídrica da cultura do milho é de 551, 457, 650 e 633 mm para cultivos de janeiro-maio, abril-agosto, julho-novembro e outubro-fevereiro, respectivamente, em que apenas a precipitação pluvial não é suficiente para suprir esta demanda, sendo necessário fazer uso da irrigação.
Produção de Azolla como fonte proteica na avicultura: estudo de caso em avicultores familiares no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Giehl Carlo Juliantro , Chuquillanque Darwin Aranda , Porto Carmem Rejane Pacheco , Dias Eduardo Antunes , Stumpf Marcelo Tempel
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho relata as atividades envolvidas no planejamento e construção de tanques para produção de Azolla sp., planta aquática com potencial de uso para alimentação de aves. As ações ocorreram em Capão do Leão e São Lourenço do Sul, municípios na zona Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram construídos dois modelos, um externo aos piquetes de criação (Capão do Leão) e um interno aos mesmos (São Lourenço do Sul). Percebeu-se rápida propagação da Azolla nos tanques e preenchimento completo dos mesmos após cerca de 14 dias de cultivo. O sombreamento foi fundamental para o bom desenvolvimento da Azolla e manutenção de sua coloração esverdeada. Ausência de sombra promoveu alterações de cor e aumento na população de outras espécies vegetais. Houve excelente aceitação da Azolla pelas galinhas. Fornecer Azolla dentro dos piquetes resultou em consumo exagerado, promovendo queda drástica na população vegetal, a qual demorou para se restabelecer e passou a competir com outras espécies. Percebeu-se melhor controle e manutenção da população de Azolla quando o tanque foi construído na área externa aos piquetes, embora, nesse caso, o fornecimento venha a requerer maior mão de obra. O baixo custo, rápida propagação e facilidade de cultivo de Azolla podem vir a encorajar outros criadores a cultivá-la como fonte nutricional para suas galinhas.
Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC responses to water restriction
Authors: Nava Francine Falcão de Macedo , Luz Vilson Conrado da , Stempkowski Lucas Antonio , Gotz Lenir Fátima , Tonial Fabiana , Cargnelutti Denise
Published: October 2021

Climate change can cause imbalances in plants. Baccharis trimera is a specie usually found in harsh conditions and has medicinal and agricultural properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the biochemical and physiological responses of this plant under water restriction (WR) levels. B. trimera samples were identified and collected in Erechim/RS and propagated in a greenhouse. When acclimated, they were subjected to 0, 25, 75 and 100% WR, determined according to the water saturation in the soil by capillary action. After 30 days of treatment, the physiological responses: growth, and fresh and dry biomass; and the biochemical responses: activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GP) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes, proline, protein and hydrogen peroxide content, and lipid peroxidation, were determined. Data were submitted to regression analysis and Pearson correlation. The WR of 27.37%, on average, induced an increase in physiological parameters, but the root growth was impaired in conditions above 50% of WR. With the increase in WR there was an increase in the activity of SOD in the shoot and APX in the root. In low WR conditions, proline contents were maintained. Therefore, with low levels of WR, around 27%, B. trimera has increase in root growth and root and shoot biomass. Proline, and SOD and APX activity are a pathway that scavenging the stress generated by WR on B. trimera.
Germinação de sementes de Melocactus zehntneri (Cactaceae) submetidas a estresses hídrico e salino
Authors: Cruz Anny Bianca Santos , Nascimento Joana Paula Bispo , Meiado Marcos Vinicius
Published: October 2021

As sementes estão sujeitas a múltiplos estresses, como os estresses hídrico e salino, que limitam a embebição e suas chances de germinação. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento germinativo de sementes de Melocactus zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Luetzelb. (Cactaceae) quando submetidas a estresse hídrico e salino. A partir de um delineamento experimental em blocos inteiramente casualizados, o déficit hídrico foi simulado com soluções de PEG6000 nos potenciais: 0,0 (água destilada); -0,1; -0,3; -0,6 e -0,9 MPa, o mesmo foi feito com NaCl para o estresse salino. As sementes não germinadas foram lavadas e recolocadas para germinar em água destilada para avaliar a recuperação, sendo avaliado a germinabilidade (%) e o t50 (dias). As sementes submetidas ao estresse hídrico germinaram até o potencial de -0,3MPa (82,0 ± 16,2%), não ocorrendo germinação em -0,6 e -0,9 MPa. No estresse salino, as sementes germinaram até o potencial de -0,6 MPa, com redução na germinabilidade à medida que aumentava a concentração de NaCl. Ao serem recolocadas em água destilada, as sementes que tinham sido submetidas ao estresse hídrico germinaram em –0,6 MPa e -0,9 MPa, porém com atraso na germinação (0,0 MPa: 5,96 ± 0,32 dias; -0,3 MPa: 11,10 ± 0,76 dias). No estresse salino, as sementes submetidas a -0.9 MPa germinaram, demonstrando que o NaCl não causou danos (estresse 0% versus 39,0 ± 14,7% na recuperação). Portanto, as sementes da população estudada de M. zehntneri são tolerantes ao estresse hídrico e salino.
Produção de etanol e seus impactos ambientais na indústria alcooleira de Alagoas
Authors: Novais Roney Calheiros de , Magalhães Ivomberg Dourado , Lima Cícero Luiz Calazans de , Medeiros Aldair de Sousa , Gonzaga Giordano Bruno Medeiros
Published: October 2021

Apesar de toda tradição da agroindústria sucroenergética, é notória a preocupação da população, e principalmente, do meio científico relacionado aos impactos ambientais negativos que seus processos industriais produzem no meio ambiente. Com isto, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a produção de etanol, açúcar e outros derivados da cana-de-açúcar de quatro unidades industriais de Alagoas, durante três safras e pontuar os possíveis impactos ambientais provocados pelo processo de industrialização. Foi feito um levantamento com um questionário em três destilarias anexas e em uma destilaria autônoma, localizadas no estado de Alagoas. As quatro destilarias conduziram a fermentação em batelada alimentada (processo descontínuo alimentado) e possuem dorna pulmão. Duas possuem dornas abertas e duas fermentadores fechados, para recuperação do etanol arrastado pelos gases desprendidos durante a fermentação etanólica. O questionário foi preenchido com dados operacionais de cada destilaria. Foi avaliada a matéria prima por meio das variáveis cana – de - açúcar moída para açúcar, cana moída para álcool, % cana moída crua, moagem horária, tipo de mosto (caldo / misto / melaço), açúcares redutores totais do mosto. Foi quantificada a produção, resíduos, eficiências e rendimentos das usinas. As destilarias avaliadas neste trabalho utilizam seus resíduos dentro de uma amplitude aceitável do ponto de vista ambiental, buscando sempre melhores tecnologias com intuito de minimizar os impactos ambientais. O procedimento operacional industrial adotado pelas quatro unidades é, salvo pequenas variações, padrão para todo o estado de Alagoas.
The Prediction of Divorce Adjustment through Emotional Adjustment with Emphasis on Gender Considerations
Authors: Eftekhari Asie
Published: October 2021

Introduction: In the growing number of divorces in Iran, the present study aimed to investigate the prediction of divorce adjustment through an emotional adjustment emphasizing gender considerations.
Methods: The present study was a correlation study, and data were collected through questionnaires, field study, and library. The statistical population was all divorced women and men in Tehran city in 2017, and the sampling method was purposeful. The sample included 112 divorced women and 134 divorced men with an age range of 20-40 years. For data collection, the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS) (1) and Emotional Adjustment Measure (EMA) (2) were used. Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression, and multivariate analysis of variance method were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between emotional adjustment and divorce adjustment (p<0.01, r=.29), and men have higher scores than women in these factors; also, emotional adjustment was a significant predictor of divorce adjustment (β=0.720, p<0.01).
Conclusion: The results of this study reveal a series of post-divorce crises requiring management and restoration by divorced subjects. Although the challenges of life after divorce affect both sexes, women are faced with more harm in post-divorce time due to gender barriers. Therefore, programs to help increase emotional compatibility after divorce is recommended. Also, clarification of the divorce phenomenon is better to be considered from different aspects.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Group Training Based on Reforming Schema on Improving Individual and Social Health of Mothers’ Problems
Authors: Jafari Nodoushan Reza , Anoosheh Vidasadat , Shafiezadeh Bafghi Mahdieh , Barzegari Mohammad Ali , Jafari Ali , Damiri Hojat , Hosseini Hanzaei Azam
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Due to the important role of the mothers in the families, identifying their early maladaptive schema can help us identify the problems that lead to unhealthy life education and provide the necessary and appropriate training programs to improve them. This study uses group training to reform schema in improving mothers' individual and social mental health who consulted the social damage prevention center. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of reforming schema on a mothers' problems.
Methods: In this study, the quasi-experimental method was used. The study population was all the mothers who had parenting problems in the last two years and have consulted the social damage prevention center.  Nonrandom sampling was used for our statistical census. Therefore, 100 mothers at hand were selected nonrandomly, and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was conducted on them as a pre-test. Then, 24 mothers who obtained the lowest scores were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control, in each of which there were 12 participants. The experimental group received training in 10 sections for 90 minutes, while the control group did not receive any training. Afterward, a post-test was conducted for each group, and the results of the two groups were compared.
Results:  A covariance analysis test was used to test the hyper hypotheses. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the individual's mental health and social mental health variables (p < 0.001). Thus, hypotheses 1 and 2 were approved in our study. In other words, the comparison of the average in two variables after the post-test of experimental and control groups showed that mothers trained according to reforming schem, had better social and mental health. With approximately 90%, it can be said that the training based on reforming schema effectively increases the social and individual health of the mothers challenging with parenting problems.
Factors Impacting Why Women Stay in Marital Life with Substance dependent Husbands: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Rostami Farahnaz , Fathi Elham , Hatami Varzaneh Abolfazl , Daneshpour Manijeh
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Substance abuse is one of the major factors leading to divorce in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to present a qualitative model of factors affecting women to stay married with substance-dependent husbands.
Methods: The grounded theory in the qualitative paradigm was used. Twenty participants (10 women and 10 experts) were interviewed based on theoretical saturation, purposeful, and snowball sampling, and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews were analyzed using the constant comparative method.
Results: The participants’ mean age for women was (M=35.2, SD=7.40, n=10) and for experts was (M= 37. 3, SD= 7.42, n=10), half of whom were men and half were women for experts.  The results indicated that causal conditions consisted of the child as a barrier to leaving the marital relationship; feeling satisfied with the marital relationship; the attitudes, expectations, and feelings of the spouses; promising behaviors of the husband; financial dependency on the husband, and level of substance-related disorder. The intervening condition was the family of origin’s role. The women's survival strategies in marital life include the use of supportive resources, increasing awareness, and the use of constructive behaviors. The contextual conditions were social and legal factors. Consequences of the core category (A journey with fear and hope), were desirable and undesirable emotions and experiences.
Conclusion: The results indicated that spouses of substance-dependent husbands stay in the marriage, not just due to obstacles like familial, social, legal, and financial factors, but also due to resourceful supports, marital satisfaction, and enjoy having a family with husband and children.
The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Hypochondria and Cognitive Emotion Regulation among Divorced Women
Authors: Iri Hamideh , Makvandi Behnam , Bakhtiarpour Saeed , Hafezi Fariba
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Hypochondriasis is a psychological disorder that affects divorced women's quality of life and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on hypochondria and cognitive emotion regulation among divorced Women in Tehran.
Methods: The method was experimental with a pre-test, post-test design, and a control group. In the present study, the research population includes divorced women who have been affected by divorce-related psychological problems and were referred to Tehran consultation centers in 2018. In this study, The sample consisted of 30 divorced women selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n= 15 each). The research tools included the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). The ACT intervention was performed on the experimental group for ten 90-minute sessions. Pearson's correlation coefficient, Levene's test, Shapiro-Wilk test, and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. The significance level of the study was considered to be α=0.05.
Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) of hypochondria post-test scores in the experimental and control groups were 35.13±1.92 and 37.33±3.07, respectively. The results indicated that ACT decreased hypochondria in the women (P=0.04). Also, the intervention effectively increased positive emotion regulation in the women (P=0.01).
Conclusion: In addition to decreasing anxiety and increasing emotion regulation ability under difficult situations, ACT can increase social and psychological adaptability. Also, ACT can effectively decrease interactive and stress and anxiety in divorced women.
Effectiveness of Self-differentiation Training Based on Bowen’s Approach on Positive Feeling Towards Spouse in Married Women in Isfahan in 2019
Authors: Mehr Fariba Saadat , Khanjani Veshki Sahar
Published: October 2021

Introduction: As self-differentiation is a process that reflects one’s independence in the emotional and rational dimension, in which one learns to make independent decisions and to have a rational love, affection, and intimacy. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of self-differentiation training based on Bowen’s approach on positive feelings toward spouse in Married women in Isfahan.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design conducted on the control group. The statistical population consisted of counseling applicant women in the city of Isfahan in 2019. Sampling was voluntary. The announcement was installed at counseling centers, and 30 women were randomly placed into control and experiment groups. All participants filled out demographic and Positive Feeling (PFQ) questionnaires. Then, participants of the experiment group were trained in Bowen’s self-differentiation in eight sessions. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (analysis of covariance) at the error level of 0.05 and SPSS-24 software.
Results: The results indicated that teaching Bowen’s self-differentiation significantly affected women’s positive feelings towards the spouse (p<0.05), which means that the differentiation training increases the positive feeling towards the spouse.
Conclusion: According to the results, teaching Bowen’s self-differentiation can increase positive feelings towards spouses in women. Therefore, this technique can be considered a marital problem.
Most Frequently Affected Body parts in Road Traffic Accidents Reporting to the Accident and Emergency Department of the Largest Tertiary Care hospital of Karachi in 2019
Authors: Ahmer Zaeema , Siddiqui Aisha
Published: October 2021

Introduction Injuries sustained during Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) amounts to a serious public health crisis. The aim of the study was to determine the body parts most likely affected in an RTA in patients brought to Accident and Emergency (A&E) department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), the largest tertiary care hospital of Karachi.
Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in January-March 2019 among 371 respondents aged 15-65 years. Study participants were recruited through non-probability convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic variables and type, severity and nature of injury. Chi Square test was used to determine the significant difference between using safety precautions with body parts affected. All analysis was performed on SPSS version 20.
Results Out of 371 study participants, 64.4% (n=239) were between 15-35 years with 91.9% (n=338) males. In 77.1% (n=286) cases, emergency medical services responded in less than one hour and first aid was provided by doctor to 95.7% (n=355) at hospital. In 82.5% (n=306) cases, private vehicles were involved, with 46.1% (n=171) motorcycles. In 79.8% (n=296) cases, bone injury was prevalent, with 57.1% (n=212) leg injuries, which was the most frequently affected body part. Majority, 56.2% of the study participants who did not wear seat belts had chest area affected (p=0.006). 
Conclusion It is concluded that males of 15-35 years who were motorcyclists were more prone to RTAs with lower limbs more frequently being affected. Safety precautions like wearing seatbelts provide protection against RTAs.
The Relationship between Body Image Dissatisfaction and New Anthropometric Indices in Women Referred to the Nutrition Clinic in Northwest of Iran, Ardabil City, 2019
Authors: Ghannadiasl Fatemeh , Hoseini Neda
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Recent studies have shown a high prevalence of body image dissatisfaction in women. This study purposed to examine the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and new anthropometric indices in women.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 384 women referred to the nutrition clinic in Ardabil city in 2019, using convenience sampling method. Data were collected through multidimensional body self-relations questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. This questionnaire is an attitudinal assessment of body image, using a 5-point disagrees–agree Likert scale to collect responses. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 21). The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relation between body image dissatisfaction and anthropometric indices. The significance level was less than 0.05.
Results: The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of the women under study were 30.01±7.20 years and 30.21±5.17kg/m2, respectively. Correlation analysis presented that a significant positive relationship was between all anthropometric indices and the subjective weight and overweight preoccupation subscales. The highest relationship of subjective weight subscale was found with BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (r=0.85, p<0.001) followed by abdominal volume index (AVI) (r=0.82, p<0.001). The highest relationship of the overweight preoccupation subscale was obtained with waist circumference (r=0.44, p<0.001) followed by AVI and weight (r=0.42, p<0.001) and WHtR (r=0.41, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Body image dissatisfaction was associated with anthropometric indices. The findings indicated the need for interventions designed to improve anthropometric indices and, consequently, body image dissatisfaction.
Appreciation by migrants of the health care assistance provided by apulian family doctors
Authors: Grattagliano Ignazio , Anelli Filippo
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Health promotion is the highest level of human sensitivity directed to break down differences and produce equal opportunities for unselected people to enjoy the best health care potential. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of the assistance provided to immigrants by Italian general practitioners (GPs), the level of satisfaction declared by migrants, and the perception of GPs about the needs of migrants.
Methods: A survey was conducted. Both immigrant patients (regular and illegal) and some Italian GPs filled a questionnaire. Ten GPs were selected among those available to perform the study by a convenience sampling method; the immigrants were consecutively included among those attending the medical offices.
Results: Over 90% (n = 66) of immigrants declared to be fully satisfied with the overall assistance provided with easy access to care. GPs declared no problems in assisting even illegal immigrants and suggested the accurate evaluation of patients’ needs to provide successful care.
Conclusions: These findings indicate the importance of promoting health and education as provided by Italian GPs. The satisfaction declared by the interviewed immigrants is mainly attributable to the model of assistance provided in Apulia, which includes interventions for any health problem.
Effect of Ambient Temperature on the Spread of COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Heydari Ahad , Fallah-Aliabadi Saeed , Habibi Peymaneh
Published: October 2021

Introduction: So far, the so many people has been infected by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in the worldwide and almost all the countries have reported infected and death cases. Some studies have shown that coronaviruses are sensitive to air temperature and in warm temperature the rate of spread decreases. This study aimed to review the literature whether or not the temperature can affect the spread rate of COVID-19.  
Methods: In this study, three main scientific electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and also Scholar Google were searched on April 14, 2020 to find relevant studies on COVID-19 and its spread in different ambient temperature.
Results: Totally 588 articles were found for screening and 27 articles were selected for data extraction. The result of some of these studies showed that weather variations can affect transmission of coronavirus. Low temperature and low humidity may be essential factors for survival of coronaviruses. A temperature of 4°C is ideal for the life of this virus and it may be sensitive to 70°C temperature. The increase in temperature of stainless steel, wood, fabrics, and metal can eliminate and remove coronaviruses according to the findings of some of these reviewed articles.
Conclusion: This review study failed to precisely report the effect of temperature or humidity to stop the virus from spreading and transmitting. It is required to conduct more studies in this regard to introduce the exact pattern of transmission by examining the conditions of virus transmission in different climatic conditions.
Intensification of Management of Economic Security of the Enterprise in the Post-Pandemic Space
Authors: Sylkin Oleksandr , Bosak Iryna , Homolska Viktoriia , Okhrimenko Ihor , Andrushkiv Roman
Published: October 2021

Intensification of entrepreneurial activity in a post-pandemic space requires improved management both at the level of economic security and at the level of the entire enterprise. The expediency of the transition from the extensive type of development of the load management system is substantiated. The scientific approaches to the interpretation of the terms "intensification", "management" and "economic behaviour" are generalized. The attention is focused on the need to create a safe development environment for each enterprise. The expediency of interpreting the term “management intensification” as the influence of a managed subsystem on a managed one with the active use of new technologies and techniques, forms of labour organization, rational use, motivation and development to achieve the objectives is substantiated. The essence of the term “economic behaviour” is considered through the process of development and implementation of managerial decisions, which determine the interaction of the managing and managed subsystems with the subsequent change in the current state and development trends of the entire system. The tasks of security subjects regarding the emergence of new challenges, risks and threats in the face of intensified management of the economic behaviour of enterprises in the post-pandemic conditions of the existence of society are determined.
Cognitive Technologies in Pedagogical and Natural Science Training for Future Psychologists in Post-Pandemic Education
Authors: Bilyk Valentyna , Matvienko Olena , Zinko Oksana , Hanushchyn Solomiia , Vasylenko Kateryna
Published: October 2021

In conditions of post-pandemic reality, the creation of optimal psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of future specialists, raising the level of their professional training, socialization and adaptation to work in the work collective requires appropriate psychological support, the development of cognitive and psychological support technologies for the constructive implementation of practical social psychological assistance in the pedagogical process, as well as the use of modern cognitive-psychological approaches by teachers, the development of psychological recommendations on the style of pedagogical impact and the like.The article highlights the important socio-psychological conditions for preparing a future teacher for socio-pedagogical activity in the context of post-pandemic realities. The necessity of using cognitive psychology technologies in the process of forming professionally speaking competencies of future psychologists and their speech culture in the process of professional speech training is substantiated. The technologies and conditions for the organization of the pedagogical process for the preparation of future practical psychologists who have undergone changes as a result of recent events related to the implementation of the educational process in a remote mode are described. The structure of the seminar on the basics of speech competence of a psychologist is presented as a result of using a dialogical approach in the system of professional training at a university.In our opinion, the materials in this article will be of interest to educators, practical psychologists, and social educators of the vocational education system, since they will help not only better understand the psychological characteristics of the professional and personal development of future specialists, but also constructively solve the urgent problems of their professional training.
Mentality as Category of Social Philosophy in the Post-Pandemic Society
Authors: Tulenkov Mykola , Gugnin Eduard , Shtepa Sergiy , Patynok Oksana , Lipin Mykola
Published: October 2021

The concept of mentality in the context of today's post-pandemic society, its role in the development of historical and socio-postmodern scientific thought are analyzed. Its correlation with other categories has been determined, revealing phenomena that are close in meaning. Revealed the significance of the category of mentality for the study of the development of society.Mentality as a system is a categorical characteristic of a nation, and hence of a society, the core of which is a given nation. The study of mentality allows us to understand the internal relationships in society identify the internal reasons for the development of society and do praxeological research. The analysis of mentality within the framework of social philosophy cannot be limited to a certain time period (era), this category characterizes the nation and society at the present stage, accumulating in itself all the historical influences and changes projected at the present.The article examines the phenomenon of mentality as a system of internal deep-psychological socio-cultural attitudes of the individual. The article considers and substantiates a mental approach to understanding the phenomena of socially individual life. The philosophical and educational aspects of the formation of personality mentality and the main "problematic sides" of modern education through the prism of the mental approach are actualized.
Vibration Attenuation Optimization in a Rod With Different Periodic Piezoelectric Shunting Configurations
Authors: Guo Hui , Zhang Yaru , Yuan Tao , Qian Pei Sun , Cheng Qian , Wang Yansong
Published: October 2021

Wave propagation control in piezoelectric meta-materials has been extensively investigated in recent years due to its significant effects on elastic wave attenuation. In this work, a novel piezoelectric meta-material rod connected to three configurations of shunting circuits is proposed for broad band gaps. The numerical model is constructed to predict the band gap, attenuation constant, and vibration transmission. For larger attenuation within the band gaps, the shunting circuit parameters are optimized with a genetic algorithm. The result shows that the structure with the optimized parameters provides prominent vibration control ability. Both the attenuation constant and the width of the band gaps are enlarged.