bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE MASS SEED PRODUCTION OF GOLDEN TREVALLY FISH (Gnathanodon Speciosus Forsskal) WITH DIFFERENT FEED
Authors: Dharma Tony Setia
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Golden trevally fish is a prospective commodity that can be cultured and contains high economic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the best type of food for golden trevally fish growth. The larval rearing were conducted using concrete tanks with 6 m3 of volume. Three different food were used as treatments, i.e: (a) pellet micro, (b) small shrimp, and (c) trash fish. The start of experiment for larvae were reared for 30 days old. The stocking density of larvae was reared at 10 pc/l. Sampling of larvae were conducted every 7 days to measure of survival rate (SR), total length (TL) and body weight (BW). The larvae were reared with flowthrow system. At 70 days old, larvae were harvested and graded. The results showed that there was no significantly different among treatments (P>0.05) for survival rate, but the growth was significantly difference among treatments (P<0.05). The survival rate (SR) treated with trash fish was 5.38±1.20%, small shrimp 4.05±1.10%, and micro pellet 4.01 ± 1.20%. The total length and weight treated with trash fish were 5.40 ± 0.80 cm and 53±0,50 mg, respectively, while treaded with small shrimp were 4.80 ± 0.20 cm and  61±0.30 mg,  and micro pellet were 4.54±0.56 cm and 48±0.40 mg, respectively.

 Keywords: seed, food type, growth, survival, golden trevally fish.
CHANGE DETECTION OF CORAL REEF HABITAT USING LANDSAT IMAGERY IN MOROTAI ISLAND NORTH MALUKU PROVINCE
Authors: Wahiddin Nurhalis , Siregar Vincentius P , Nababan Bisman , Jaya Indra , Wouthuyzen Sam
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Scientific information on coral reef habitat changes of Morotai island is very limited to none. This study aimed to detect the change of coral reef habitats between 1996 and 2013, using Landsat imagery integrated with field data in 2012. The research was conducted in the coral reef ecosystem of Morotai Island in North Maluku province. Change detection analyses were conducted using supervised classifications and transformation depth invariant index (DII), with five habitat classes i.e., mixed-habitat, coral, seagrass, sand, and rubble. The result showed that in 1996-2002 there was a significant increase in the mix-habitat and rubble classes (11.3% and 32.5%),  however,  there  was  a siginifcant decrease in the sand, seagrass, and coral classes of -14.1%, -14.9%, and -16.6%, respectively. In 2002-2013, mixed-habitat, sand, and seagrass classes were increase by 1.1%, 13.3%, and 24.78%, respectively.  Meanwhile, coral and rubble classes were decrease by -22.7% and -27.0%, respectively. Within the period of 1996-2013, there was about 43.6% loss of coral reef of Morotai island.  This was probably caused by the increase of seas surface temperature nad and the increase of human activities in the region.

Keywords: coral reef habitats, Landsat, change detection, Morotai Island
OBSERVATION OF COASTAL FRONT AND CIRCULATION IN THE NORTHEASTERN JAVA SEA, INDONESIA
Authors: Atmadipoera Agus S. , Kusmanto Edi , Purwandana Adi , Nurjaya I Wayan
Published: October 2017

The structure and spatial extent of a coastal front and circulation in the shallow (<55 m depth) northeastern Java Sea in Indonesia was investigated with a new dataset of high-resolution conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) and along-track shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (SADCP) during a DIKTI-LIPI 2010 joint research cruise on R.V. Baruna Jaya 8.  The coastal front separates fresh warm coastal water derived mainly from Barito River discharge and the saline, cool Java Sea water.  The surface fresh water plume extends approximately 760 km from the Barito River estuary to the south, and its thickness varies from the surface to 10 m and 20 m depth, depending on its proximity to the fresh water source.  The front is aligned a northeast and east direction, probably related to a meandering of strong northeastward monsoon current in the eastern part of the Java Sea during the observation time.

Keywords: hydrographic measurement, coastal front, Matasiri Islands, Barito River, the northwest monsoon current
PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL MALE BROODSTOCK OF CORAL TROUT GROUPER (Plectropomus leopardus)
Authors: Sembiring Sari B. Moria , Hutapea Jhon H. , Muzaki A.
Published: October 2017

Fertilization rate of the first generation of coral trout grouper, Plectropomus leopardus from wild broodstock in cultured tank was relatively low of 10-35%. Based on gonad histology analysis of 30 samples, only one male was found in early stage maturation. Therefore, it is needed to increase functional male production to ensure an increase level of egg fertilization. The experiment was conducted for 9 months using coral trout broodstock, from wild stock as control and selected F1 from culture as treatment. Broodstocks were reared in three tanks, each was 100 m3 in volume with 54 fishes/tank. All selected cultured fish (F1) in tank C were implanted with 17a-MT hormone at 50 mg/kg of body weight every month for 3 consecutive months. Wild stock fish in tank A and selected cultured fish (F1) in tank B were not implant as controls. The result showed that the number of male  increased 6 times in implanted by 17a-MT hormone compared to fish without implant only increased 2 times. Therefore, eggs fertilization and hatching rate were significantly increased by implanting F1 broodstocks with hormone17a-MT.

 Keywords: Functional male, broodstock, Coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus)
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SEAWEED AT COASTAL AREA OF HARUKU ISLAND, CENTRAL MOLLUCAS PROVINCE
Authors: Papalia Saleh
Published: October 2017

The study of seaweed biodiversity was conducted in Ory, Pelaw, Kailolo, and Waimital coatal waters of Haruku island in 2011.  The purposes or this study were to determine the density and biodiversity of makroalgae in the coastal waters of the Haruku island. Data collection were conducted in June-September 2011 with square transect line method. The results showed that in the coastal area of Kailolo exhibited the highest value in density and biodiversity of macroalgae in the study regions with 47 species from 31 genera consisting  of 21 species of red algae, 14 species of green algae and 13 species of brown algae. Gracilaria, Acanthophora, Sargassum, Turbinaria, Caulerpa, and Halimeda were the most dominance in the region. The highest biomass of macroalga found in the Kailolo coastal waters was due to its relatively good habitat contidion consisting of dead coral rubble, sand, coral live with seagrass vegetation dominated by Thalasia hemprizii and Halodule uninervis. Meanwhile, habitat condition at the other locations had suffered a severe damage and dominated by dead coral. Environmental conditions in the study region  were within the limits of decent support for the growth of macro algae.

 Keywords: Macroalgae, diversity, biodiversity, substrat, Haruku island
SEDIMENTATION RATE AND DISPERSION OF ORGANIC WASTE FROM LOBSTER CULTURE ON CAGE IN EKAS BAY, WEST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE
Authors: Junaidi Muhammad , Hamzah Mat Sardi
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to determine sedimentation rate and dispersion of organic waste from lobster culture on cage in Ekas Bay, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Measurement of sedimentation rate was conducted every month during the process of cultivation lobster. This measurement was done by setting up a sediment trap under and around the cage. The result of this study showed that sedimentation rate under the lobster cage within 270 days ranged from 14.92 to 27.33 (20.66±4.60) g/m2/day. The organic waste did not disperse far away from the cage because of the small current rate around the cage location of 0.068 to 0.2 m/s. Feces and residual feed settling velocities followed the current direction within the range of 0.0373 to 0.072 m/s with 8.50 m of water depth. According to this result,  dispersion of feces particle and residual food was between 8.24 and 45.58 m from the cage. In order to prevent an accumulation of waste particle on the water bottom, the distance between cages needs to be set to at least twice of the farthest distance of particle dispersion which is 2 x 45.58 = 91.16 m or about 100 m.

Keywords: sedimentation rate, waste dispersion, lobster culture, Ekas Bay
NATURAL CATHEPSIN INHIBITOR TO INHIBIT MILKFISH DETERIORATION DURING CHILLING STORAGE
Authors: Nurhayati Tati , Trilaksani Wini , Zaenuri Mohammad
Published: October 2017

Quality deterioration of fish is caused by various factors, one of them is due to the activity of cathepsin enzyme. Cathepsin enzyme activity can be inhibited by enzyme inhibitors. Inhibitors of the enzyme can be obtained from fish meat tissue by separating the enzyme-inhibitor complex with heat treatment. The purpose of this research was to extract and apply the cathepsin inhibitors to inhibit deterioration of fish quality. This research was conducted in three  steps: (1) the determination of the optimum extraction temperature for extraction of cathepsin inhibitors, (2) the determination of the most potent cathepsin inhibitors with various concentrations, and (3) the application of cathepsin inhibitors in inhibiting the deterioration of fish quality. The results showed that the cathepsin inhibitors was optimally extracted at 80°C. Cathepsin inhibitors diluted using buffer with a ratio of 1: 1 had the same relative activity without dilution. The process of quality deterioration of milkfish  control in chilling temperatures occured after 504 hours (21 days) storage with a 24-hour observation time interval. The complete process during observation was pre-rigor (0 hour ), rigor mortis (96 hours), post-rigor (360 hours), and deterioration (504 hours). The process of milkfish quality deterioration treated with soaking in  cathepsin inhibitors occured after 624 hours (26 days) storage with the detailed process as follows: 0 hour (pre-rigor), 144 hours (rigor mortis), 408 hours (post-rigor), and 624 hours (deterioration). Thus fish marinated with cathepsin inhibitors achieve slower deterioration phase 5 days.

 Keywords: cathepsin inhibitor, deterioration, pre-rigor, rigor mortis, post-rigor, quality deterioration.
SUSTAINABILITY FADs MANAGEMENT ON ECONOMIC DIMENSION IN THE KEI ISLANDS SOUTHEAST MALUKU REGENCY
Authors: Jeujanan Benny , Martasuganda Sulaeman , A. Sondita M. Fedi , Yusfiandayani Roza , Monintja Daniel
Published: October 2017

Fish aggregating devise (FAD) based fisheries have become a dominant economic support (about 90%) of the community of the Kei Islands in Southeast Maluku Regency. However, it will not last long if the fisheries is not well managed and financially balanced. This study aimed to analyze the attributes of sustainable FADs-based. fisheries and to assess the financial feasibility for an investment. The method used was the analysis of FADs investment, the consumption and income of the fishermen’s households of mini purse seine and FADs, contribution to the local revenues, and the growth of fishing supporting business. The analyses results showed that the investment for a FADs was of Rp. 13,714,000, mini purse seine of Rp. 426,875,000, handline of Rp. 71,75 million, and troll lines of Rp. 72,75 million, household consumption of Rp. 13,625,730. The income of FAD fisherman was of Rp. 164,143,125, mini purse seine fisherman of Rp. 164,143,125, and entrepreneur of Rp. 328,286,250. The index value of the sustainable FAD management was 62.17 indicating a sustainable index.

 Keywords: FAD (Fish aggregating device), Kei Islands, Management, Sustainability
INCREASING CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION AND TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF TROPIC MACROALGAE Halimeda sp
Authors: Sahabuddin . , Jompa Jamaluddin , Rukminasari Nita
Published: October 2017

The increasing CO2 concentration and temperature affected growth, chlorophyll content, calcium content, and histological tissue of tropical macroalgae Halimeda sp. The study was conducted to examine the interaction effect of the increased CO2 concentration and temperature on growth, chlorophyll-a content, calcium content, and histological tissue of tropical macroalgae Halimeda sp in a laboratory. Research was set with a completely randomized factorial design at 3 levels of factors (A) the CO2 concentration: 385 ppm (ambient), 750 ppm (medium), 1000 ppm (high), and 3 levels of factor (B) the temperature: 30oC, 32oC, 34oC. Microcolony of macroalgae Halimeda sp were selected and obtained from the Lae-lae island then growing in the aquarium 30 x 30 x 45 cm3. Biological parameters observed were growth rate (total, specific and relative), chlorophyll-a content, calcium content, and histopathology tissue. The results showed that the increased of CO2 concentration and temperature negatively affected on the growth of Halimeda sp, reduced of the growth rate, the chlorophyll-a content, calcium content and  damaged  to histopatology tissue of the Halimeda sp at trophical macroalgae.
Keywords: CO2  concentration, temperature, growth response, histopathology, Halimeda sp
REEF FISHES BIODIVERSITY IN MARINE SANCTUARY AT MINAHASA UTARA DISTRICT, NORTH SULAWESI
Authors: Setiawan Fakhrizal , Tasidjawa Sonny , Wantah Efra , Johanis Hendri
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

There are some marine sanctuaries (DPL) which are managed together by its societies in North Minahasa regency. From 19 villages with DPL, we conducted surveys using point intercept transect in 14 villages both inside and outside DPL in the subdistrict West Likupang and East Likupang, North Minahasa. Result showed that live coral cover was in general in moderate to excellent conditions both inside and outside DPL. Reef fish recorded in the study areas consisted of 267 reef fish species which categorized into 40 families. Bahoi village had the highest abundance and biomass within the DPL due to a very good condition of coral reef ecosystemn (>75% coral cover) both inside and outside DPL. Biomass of reef fish outside DPL of Bahoi was small but its abundance was the highest. This conditions indicated that the size of reef fish outside of Bahoi DPL was small and this gave a positive perspective to supply fishes into the outside region of Bahoi DPL. Overall, marine sanctuary in North Minahasa contained reef fish community structure in good condition, moderate diversity, relatively labile of evenness index, and low dominance. Grouping by similarity, reef fish species were generally similar in all locations. The separation of DPL locations produced some different fishes group due to its different location, oceanographic conditions, and characters.

 

Keywords: Marine sanctuary, reef fish community, North Minahasa.
IMPROVEMENT METHOD OF GENE TRANSFER IN Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: Triana St. Hidayah , Alimuddin . , Widyastuti Utut , Suharsono . , Suryati Emma , Parenrengi Andi
Published: October 2017

Method of foreign gene transfer in red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii has been reported, however, li-mited number of transgenic F0 (broodstock) was obtained. This study was conducted to improve the method of gene transfer mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in order to obtain high percentage of K. alvarezii transgenic. Superoxide dismutase gene from Melastoma  malabatrichum (MmCu/Zn-SOD) was used as model towards increasing adaptability of K. alvarezii to environmental stress. The treat-ments were the culture media and recovery duration, and each treatment consisted of three replica-tions. The best method was co-cultivation using liquid media, then recovery was conducted in liquid media for 10 days. That treatment allowed higher transformation percentage (90%), regeneration effi-ciency (90%), putative bud efficiency (100%), number of buds and explants sprouted (100%) and transgenic explants (100%). The transgenic explants showed an amplification PCR product of Mm-Cu/Zn-SOD gene fragment, whereas the non-transgenic explants showed no amplification product.  All results revealed that suitable method of transgenesis for K. alvarezii has been developed.

Keywords:       Agrobacterium tumefaciens, culture media, Kappaphycus alvarezii, recovery duration, transformation
POTENTIAL USE OF Ulva lactuca AS FEED INGREDIENT FOR TILAPIA
Authors: Mahasu Nur Hikma , Jusadi Dedi , Setiawati Mia , Giri I Nyoman Adi Asmara
Published: October 2017

Due to the mainly imported for fish feed ingredients in Indonesia, many attemps have been made to discover local potential ingredients to reduce the utilization of imported ingredients. In this experiment, the utilization of Ulva lactuca as feed ingredient for tilapia was evaluated. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine the digestibility of Ulva for tilapia. In experiment 2 and 3, Ulva was used to substitute wheat pollard of either 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 % in the feed formulation. In experiment 2, fish with an average body weight of 4.1±0.15 g were fed on those diets, and were cultured for 55 days. To calculate the digestibity in experiment 3, Cr2O3 was added into the diet of exeriment 2; then fed on the fish with an average body weight of 19.0±0.67 g. Results showed that apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of Ulva were 66.3 and 83 %, respectively. Ash content in the diet increased of 13.5% with Ulva inclusion of 12%. On the other hand, using Ulva as a substitute for pollard up to 12% was not affected the growth performance of fish. Regardless of the Ulva level in the diet, the digestibility of the diet was the same. Therefore, Ulva is a potential source of local feed ingredient for tilapia.

 
Keywords: Ulva lactuca, tilapia, digestibility, growth
DEGRADATION OF REEF FISH CATCH AS AN EFFECT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES IN GILI SULAT AND GILI LAWANG WATERS, EAST LOMBOK
Authors: Mustaruddin . , Savalas Lalu R. T. , Saptoriantoro Pandu
Published: October 2017

The development of tourism activities in industrial scale since 2004 in the region of Gili Sulat and Gili Lawang have caused problem to local fishermen for catching reef fish. The objective of this research was to analyse the preeminent fishing gears of reef fish, the contamination types of tourism industries to fishing ground, and the degradation pattern of reef fish catch as an effect of tourism industry activities. The method used in this research was scoring method, quality standard test of water to fishery activities, and exponential regression model. The results showed that preeminent fishing gears of reef fish in the region of Gili Sulat and Gili Lawang were handline (Fgab = 2.000) and fish trap (Fgab = 1.556). The contamination types of tourism industries which bothering fishing ground of reef fish were total suspended solid (TSS), garbage, detergent, and timbal (Pb). The degradation pattern in quantity of reef fish catch (Y1) by activities of tourism industry (X) was formulated with moel Y1 = 31.574e-0.305X (R2=0.403, p=0.000). The degradation pattern of reef fish catch by activities of tourism industry (X) in the form of value of reef fish catch (Y2) and figuring waste in reef fishing (Y3) was formulated with model Y2=474823e-0.236X (R2=0.206, p=0.012), and Y3=1.296e0.329X (R2=0.071, p=0.156).
SUITABILITY ANALYSIS OF FLOATING CAGE CULTURE OF GROUPER FISH USING GIS IN RINGGUNG WATERS OF LAMPUNG
Authors: Hastari Indah Febry , Kurnia Rahmat , Kamal M. Mukhlis
Published: October 2017

The study aims to determine suitability of floating cage (KJA) culture of grouper fish in Ringgung waters of Lampung. Data were analysed using GIS for spatial analysis at five stations.  There were 10 water quality parameters measured, such as bathimetry, current velocity, water transparency, temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, ammonia, and phosphate. Three suitability criteria, i.e very suitable, suitable, and not suitable were used to determine the suitability of floating cage culture of grouper fish. The results show that from 99.168,5 ha of the total area used for floating cage culture of grouper fish, about 85,94% covering 8522,16 ha were classified as very suitable, 5,64% covering 559,69 ha classified as suitable, and  8,42% covering 835 ha classified as not suitable.

                                   

Keywords : grouper culture, suitability, Ringgung waters, Lampung Province, GIS
MODIFICATION AND REENGINEERING OF ELECTRONIC FISH AGGREGATING DEVICE AS A FISHING TOOLS BASED ON LED ILLUMINANCE
Authors: Baswantara Arif , Jaya Indra , Yusfiandayani Roza
Published: October 2017

Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) is generally made from foliage like a leaf of coconut, palm and nut, but with the development of marine and fishing technology, the FADs could be made electronic ally. Electronic FADs had been developed by using light and sound as an attractor, and  was able to aggregate fish but the catch harvest was still relatively low compared with lift net lamp. In this paper we describe the recent development of electronic FADs. The new electronic FADs has 120 watts total power of LEDs as attractor, 12V 12Ah battery as the energy resources, and HDPE as the body of FADs. The lighting of the new is either blue – red light color (RE1) or red-white light color (RE2). The two kinds of lighting are tested and compared and its light distribution underwater case measured in term of the value of luminous flux. The results showed that new FADs work well in the water with light penetration of RE1 was better than RE2.

 
Keywords: FADs, instrument, fishing, light
Front-matter
Authors: Bengen Dietriech G.
Published: October 2017

Front-matter
Translanguaging on Facebook: Exploring Australian Aboriginal Multilingual Competence in Technology-Enhanced Environments and Its Pedagogical Implications
Authors: Oliver Rhonda , Nguyen Bich
Published: October 2017

In this study, we explore how Aboriginal multilingual speakers use technology-enhanced environments, specifically Facebook, for their translanguaging practices. Using data collected from Facebook posts written by seven Aboriginal youth over a period of 18 months, we investigate how the participants move between Aboriginal English (AE) and Standard Australian English (SAE) creatively and strategically to express humour and group membership, and to identify as an Aboriginal person. We also observe how these practices have the potential to enhance rather than detract from their development of SAE. The findings of the study have important implications for teaching bilingual and bidialectal speakers in general and AE speakers in particular, highlighting the importance of creating a translanguaging space to enable them to maximize their knowledge and understanding of different subject matter and develop competencies in their various linguistic codes.
Transformational Bilingual Learning: Re-Engaging Marginalized Learners through Language, Culture, Community, and Identity
Authors: Tulloch Shelley , Kusugak Adriana , Chenier Cayla , Pilakapsi Quluaq , Uluqsi Gloria , Walton Fiona
Published: October 2017

The Miqqut project was a participatory action research project through which Inuit language and literacy learning was embedded in a traditional skills program. Community-based researchers tracked learners’ progress through entrance, exit, and post-program interviews and questionnaires, as well as through participant observation. Results show that participants became more willing to communicate and improved in Inuktitut language and literacy. The program built strong identities and relational networks. Participants became anchored in lifelong learning as they gained confidence in contexts within which they would continue to practise and develop what they had learned.
Beautiful Words: Enriching and Indigenizing Kwak’wala Revitalization through Understandings of Linguistic Structure
Authors: Rosborough Trish , Rorick chuutsqa Layla , Urbanczyk Suzanne
Published: October 2017

British Columbia (BC), Canada, is home to 34 Indigenous languages, all of them classified as endangered. Considerable work is underway by First Nation communities to revitalize their languages. Linguists classify many of the languages of BC as polysynthetic, meaning that words are composed of many morphemes, or units of meaning. While strong fluent speakers and linguists who work with these languages have knowledge and appreciation of these units of meaning, those understandings are often not reflected in the approaches for teaching and learning BC languages. Drawing on examples from Kwak’wala, a language of coastal BC, we discuss how an Indigenized approach to language revitalization can recognize and respect the highly regarded ancestral origins and messages about identity that are reflected within the language. In developing understanding of the morphemes of the language, learners can grasp literal meanings and metaphors embedded in Kwak’wala words, leading to deeper understandings of Kwakwa̱ka̱’wakw worldview and appreciation of the beauty of the language. In addition, learners can be supported to use morphemes as building blocks in their language learning. Rather than memorizing words and phrases, learners can be encouraged to listen for and use the morphemes they know to understand and produce new words and phrases.
Ten Years of Mi’gmaq Language Revitalization Work: A Non-Indigenous Applied Linguist Reflects on Building Research Relationships
Authors: Sarkar Mela
Published: October 2017

Language revitalization work at one First Nation in eastern Canada has been ongoing for over two decades. Several approaches have been put in place: core teaching of Mi’gmaq as a primary school subject, language documentation and the creation of an online dictionary, and an Elders’ focus group on language, as well other shorter-term projects. In 2006, a group of university researchers was invited to collaborate with local Mi’gmaq language instructors who were trying out an image-based way of introducing adult community members to their language. After 10 years of continuous community–university contact, from 2006 to 2016, a non-Indigenous researcher reflects on the involvement of the academic applied linguist outsider in a constantly changing learning process.
Contested Citizenship
Authors: Brühwiler Ingrid
Published: October 2017

This article examines public education and the establishment of the
nation-state in the first half of the nineteenth century in Switzerland. Textbooks,
governmental
decisions, and reports are analyzed in order to better understand
how citizenship is depicted in school textbooks and whether (federal) political
changes affected the image of the “imagined citizen” portrayed in such texts. The
“ideal citizen” was, first and foremost, a communal and cantonal member of a twofold
society run by the church and the secular government, in which nationality was
depicted as a third realm.
Small Experimental Action
Authors: Wood Sarah
Published: October 2017

‘Small Experimental Action’ is a title derived from Freud's account of thinking. The piece draws attention to the psychoanalytic conception of thinking as an experimental action, and seeks to draw attention to writing as an experimental action, and because it is concerned with reading literary and psychoanalytic texts it draws attention to reading as an experimental action too. It explores agency and risk in ways directly inspired by Shoshana Felman's account of reading, and by the voyage of the coracle in Stevenson's Treasure Island.
Decomposed Driving Factors of Carbon Emissions and Scenario Analyses of Low-Carbon Transformation in 2020 and 2030 for Zhejiang Province
Authors: Xia Chuyu , Li Yan , Ye Yanmei , Shi Zhou , Liu Jingming
Published: October 2017

Climate change has gained widespread attention, and the rapid growth of the economy in China has generated a considerable amount of carbon emissions. Zhejiang Province was selected as a study area. First, the energy-related carbon emissions from 2000 to 2014 were accounted for, and then the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition model was applied to analyse the driving factors underlying the carbon emissions. Finally, three scenarios (inertia, comparative decoupling and absolute decoupling) for 2020 and 2030 were simulated based on the low-carbon city and Human Impact Population Affluence Technology (IPAT) models. The results showed (1) carbon emissions increased by 1.66 times from 2000 to 2014, and trends of carbon emissions were used to divide the study period into three phases (rapid, medium growth and slow decrease phases, with annual growth rates of 12.60%, 4.77% and −1.24%, respectively); (2) the energy intensity effect from 2000–2011 inhibited carbon emissions but was exceeded by the economic output effect, which increased emissions, whereas the energy intensity effect from 2011–2014 outweighed the economic output effect; (3) the scenario analyses revealed that both the comparative and absolute decoupling scenarios would remain consistent with the carbon emissions boundaries in 2020 and 2030, but the comparative decoupling scenario was more reasonable for sustainable development. In addition, appropriate design of emission trading scheme could help to achieve the comparative decoupling by financial incentives.
Apoptosis Induced by the Curcumin Analogue EF-24 Is Neither Mediated by Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms nor Affected by Expression of Main Drug Transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 in Human Leukemia Cells
Authors: Skoupa Nikola , Dolezel Petr , Ruzickova Eliska , Mlejnek Petr
Published: October 2017

The synthetic curcumin analogue, 3,5-bis[(2-fluorophenyl)methylene]-4-piperidinone (EF-24), suppresses NF-κB activity and exhibits antiproliferative effects against a variety of cancer cells in vitro. Recently, it was reported that EF-24-induced apoptosis was mediated by a redox-dependent mechanism. Here, we studied the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on EF-24-induced cell death. We also addressed the question of whether the main drug transporters, ABCB1 and ABCG2, affect the cytotoxic of EF-24. We observed that EF-24 induced cell death with apoptotic hallmarks in human leukemia K562 cells. Importantly, the loss of cell viability was preceded by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and by a decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH). However, neither ROS production nor the decrease in GSH predominantly contributed to the EF-24-induced cell death. We found that EF-24 formed an adduct with GSH, which is likely the mechanism contributing to the decrease of GSH. Although NAC abrogated ROS production, decreased GSH and prevented cell death, its protective effect was mainly due to a rapid conversion of intra- and extra-cellular EF-24 into the EF-24-NAC adduct without cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, we found that neither overexpression of ABCB1 nor ABCG2 reduced the antiproliferative effects of EF-24. In conclusion, a redox-dependent-mediated mechanism only marginally contributes to the EF-24-induced apoptosis in K562 cells. The main mechanism of NAC protection against EF-24-induced apoptosis is conversion of cytotoxic EF-24 into the noncytotoxic EF-24-NAC adduct. Neither ABCB1 nor ABCG2 mediated resistance to EF-24.
Synergies of Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis and Immune Checkpoints in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Renal Cell Cancer: From Basic Concepts to Clinical Reality
Authors: Pircher Andreas , Wolf Dominik , Heidenreich Axel , Hilbe Wolfgang , Pichler Renate , Heidegger Isabel
Published: October 2017

In recent years, considerable advances concerning therapeutic strategies in patients with metastatic cancer have been achieved. Particularly in renal cell cancer (RCC) and advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immune-activating and antiangiogenic (AA) drugs (i.e., checkpoint antibodies and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptors (VEGFR) targeting compounds, respectively) have been successfully developed. As immune-effector cells have to enter the tumor, it is tempting to speculate that the combination of immunotherapy with AA treatment may induce synergistic effects. In this short review, we explore the theoretical background and the therapeutic potential of this novel treatment option for patients with advanced RCC or NSCLC. We discuss the growing body of evidence that pro-angiogenic factors negatively modulate the T-cell-mediated immune response and examine the preclinical evidence for testing combined immune-activating and AA therapy concepts in clinical practice. Particular attention will also be paid to potential novel treatment-related adverse events induced by combination treatment.
Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-TiC Metal Matrix Composite Prepared by Conventional, Microwave and Spark Plasma Sintering Methods
Authors: Ghasali Ehsan , Fazili Ali , Alizadeh Masoud , Shirvanimoghaddam Kamyar , Ebadzadeh Touradj
Published: October 2017

In this research, the mechanical properties and microstructure of Al-15 wt % TiC composite samples prepared by spark plasma, microwave, and conventional sintering were investigated. The sintering process was performed by the speak plasma sintering (SPS) technique, microwave and conventional furnaces at 400 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C, respectively. The results showed that sintered samples by SPS have the highest relative density (99% of theoretical density), bending strength (291 ± 12 MPa), and hardness (253 ± 23 HV). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations showed the formation of TiO2 from the surface layer decomposition of TiC particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs demonstrated uniform distribution of reinforcement particles in all sintered samples. The SEM/EDS analysis revealed the formation of TiO2 around the porous TiC particles.
Precise Measurement of Gas Volumes by Means of Low-Offset MEMS Flow Sensors with μL/min Resolution
Authors: Piotto Massimo , Del Cesta Simone , Bruschi Paolo
Published: October 2017

Experiments devoted to evaluate the performance of a MEMS thermal flow sensor in measuring gas volumes are described. The sensor is a single-chip platform, including several sensing structures and a low-offset, low-noise readout interface. A recently proposed offset compensation approach is implemented obtaining low temperature drift and excellent long time stability. The sensor is fabricated by applying a simple micromachining procedure to a chip produced using the BCD6s process of STMicroelectronics. Application of a gas conveyor allowed inclusion of the sensing structure into a channel of sub-millimeter cross-section. The results of measurements performed by making controlled air volumes pass through the sensor channel in both directions at rates from 0.1 to 5 mL/min are described.
A Rule-Based Spatial Reasoning Approach for OpenStreetMap Data Quality Enrichment; Case Study of Routing and Navigation
Authors: Mobasheri Amin
Published: October 2017

Finding relevant geospatial information is increasingly critical because of the growing volume of geospatial data available within the emerging “Big Data” era. Users are expecting that the availability of massive datasets will create more opportunities to uncover hidden information and answer more complex queries. This is especially the case with routing and navigation services where the ability to retrieve points of interest and landmarks make the routing service personalized, precise, and relevant. In this paper, we propose a new geospatial information approach that enables the retrieval of implicit information, i.e., geospatial entities that do not exist explicitly in the available source. We present an information broker that uses a rule-based spatial reasoning algorithm to detect topological relations. The information broker is embedded into a framework where annotations and mappings between OpenStreetMap data attributes and external resources, such as taxonomies, support the enrichment of queries to improve the ability of the system to retrieve information. Our method is tested with two case studies that leads to enriching the completeness of OpenStreetMap data with footway crossing points-of-interests as well as building entrances for routing and navigation purposes. It is concluded that the proposed approach can uncover implicit entities and contribute to extract required information from the existing datasets.
Identification of the Rice Wines with Different Marked Ages by Electronic Nose Coupled with Smartphone and Cloud Storage Platform
Authors: Wei Zhebo , Xiao Xize , Wang Jun , Wang Hui
Published: October 2017

In this study, a portable electronic nose (E-nose) was self-developed to identify rice wines with different marked ages—all the operations of the E-nose were controlled by a special Smartphone Application. The sensor array of the E-nose was comprised of 12 MOS sensors and the obtained response values were transmitted to the Smartphone thorough a wireless communication module. Then, Aliyun worked as a cloud storage platform for the storage of responses and identification models. The measurement of the E-nose was composed of the taste information obtained phase (TIOP) and the aftertaste information obtained phase (AIOP). The area feature data obtained from the TIOP and the feature data obtained from the TIOP-AIOP were applied to identify rice wines by using pattern recognition methods. Principal component analysis (PCA), locally linear embedding (LLE) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were applied for the classification of those wine samples. LDA based on the area feature data obtained from the TIOP-AIOP proved a powerful tool and showed the best classification results. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine (SVM) were applied for the predictions of marked ages and SVM (R2 = 0.9942) worked much better than PLSR.
Multi-Sensor Information Fusion for Optimizing Electric Bicycle Routes Using a Swarm Intelligence Algorithm
Authors: De La Iglesia Daniel , Villarrubia Gabriel , De Paz Juan , Bajo Javier
Published: October 2017

The use of electric bikes (e-bikes) has grown in popularity, especially in large cities where overcrowding and traffic congestion are common. This paper proposes an intelligent engine management system for e-bikes which uses the information collected from sensors to optimize battery energy and time. The intelligent engine management system consists of a built-in network of sensors in the e-bike, which is used for multi-sensor data fusion; the collected data is analysed and fused and on the basis of this information the system can provide the user with optimal and personalized assistance. The user is given recommendations related to battery consumption, sensors, and other parameters associated with the route travelled, such as duration, speed, or variation in altitude. To provide a user with these recommendations, artificial neural networks are used to estimate speed and consumption for each of the segments of a route. These estimates are incorporated into evolutionary algorithms in order to make the optimizations. A comparative analysis of the results obtained has been conducted for when routes were travelled with and without the optimization system. From the experiments, it is evident that the use of an engine management system results in significant energy and time savings. Moreover, user satisfaction increases as the level of assistance adapts to user behavior and the characteristics of the route.
Forecasting the Energy Consumption of China’s Manufacturing Using a Homologous Grey Prediction Model
Authors: Zeng Bo , Zhou Meng , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2017

With the rapid development of China’s manufacturing, energy consumption has increased rapidly, and this has become a major bottleneck affecting the sustainable development of China’s economy. This paper deduces and constructs a homologous grey prediction model with one variable and one first order equation (HGEM(1,1)) for forecasting the total energy consumption of China’s manufacturing based on the Grey system theory. Both parameter estimation (PE) and the deduction of the final restored expression (FRE) of the HGEM(1,1) model are all from the time response expression of the whitenization differential equation, which solves the ‘non-homologous’ defects of PE and FRE with traditional grey prediction models. HGEM(1,1) has good performance and can unbiasedly simulate a homogeneous/non-homogeneous exponential function sequence and a linear function sequence. Then, the HGEM(1,1)model is used to simulate and forecast the total energy consumption of China’s energy manufacturing, and the results show that the comprehensive performance of this model is much better than that of the classic Grey Model with one variable and single order equation, GM(1,1) for short and the frequently-used Discrete Grey Model with one variable and single order equation, DGM(1,1) for short. Finally, we forecast the total energy consumption of China’s manufacturing industry during the years 2018–2024. The results show that the total energy consumption in China’s manufacturing is slowing down but is still too large. For this, some measures, such as optimizing the manufacturing structure and speeding up the development and promotion of energy saving and emission reduction technologies, to ensure the effective supply of energy in China’s manufacturing industry are suggested.
Effects of Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis) on wound healing in alloxan-diabetic rats
Authors: Alves de Souza Bruna Angelina , Braga Leandro Augusto , Oliveira Lopes Luiz Renato , Ribeiro Júnior Rubens Fernando Gonçalves , Do Nascimento Laiane Nazaré Silva , Cavalcante Lainy Carollyne da Costa , Monteiro Andrew Moraes , Couteiro Rodrigo Paracampo , Yasojima Edson Yuzur , Hamoy Moisés
Published: October 2017

Purpose: To evaluate wound healing in diabetic rats by using topic Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis).

Methods: Six male, adult, Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: Sham group (wound treatment with distilled water); Collagenase group (treatment with collagenase ointment); and Andiroba group (wound treatment with Andiroba oil). The wound was evaluated considering the macroscopic and microscopic parameters.

Results: The results indicated differences in the healing of incisional wounds between treatments when compared to control group. Accelerated wound healing was observed in the group treated with Andiroba oil and Collagenase in comparison to control group, especially after the 14th day. Morphometric data confirmed the structural findings.

Conclusion: There was significant effect in topical application of Andiroba oil on wound healing in rats with induced diabetes.

 

Keywords: Medicinal plants. Diabetes Mellitus. Wound healing. Rats.
Les géopatrimoines, de nouvelles ressources territoriales au service du développement local
Authors: Bétard François , Hobléa Fabien , Portal Claire
Published: October 2017

Cet article introduit le dossier thématique des Annales de géographie consacré au géopatrimoine, composante non vivante du patrimoine naturel. L’article analyse les conditions d’émergence de ce champ patrimonial récemment reconnu. Il examine, dans une perspective géographique, sa capacité de territorialisation. À travers le double prisme de la spatialité et de la temporalité des géopatrimoines, il interroge également leurs différents registres de valeurs (patrimoniales, ressourcielles) en même temps que leurs fonctions socioculturelles et économiques, en montrant au final comment les géopatrimoines peuvent accéder au statut de ressource patrimoniale et territoriale sur laquelle fonder des actions de développement local s’inscrivant dans le paradigme de la durabilité. Les cinq autres articles composant ce numéro thématique sont introduits au fil de l’article en référence aux différents aspects de la problématique qu’ils contribuent à éclairer.
Consequences of overlapping territories between large scale protection areas and Geoparks in Germany: Opportunities and risks for geoheritage and geotourism
Authors: Megerle Heidi Elisabeth , Pietsch Dana
Published: October 2017

Les Géoparcs sont des territoires présentant un patrimoine géologique remarquable. Ils se doivent de mettre en œuvre une stratégie de développement durable impliquant leurs habitants, fondée sur le géotourisme et apportant une plus-value pour leur région. Qu’ils soient reconnus au niveau national ou européen et par l’UNESCO, les Géoparcs ne constituent pas pour autant en eux-mêmes des statuts de protection réglementaire. Il arrive souvent que les Géoparcs recouvrent tout ou partie d’une aire protégée comme des Parcs naturels ou nationaux ou bien des Réserves de Biosphère. Cette superposition territoriale peut induire tant des avantages que des risques pour les Géoparcs concernés. Le principal avantage réside dans le placement de fait des géosites du Géoparc sous couvert du statut de protection de l’aire protégée dans laquelle ils s’inscrivent. Le danger réside dans la potentielle mise en concurrence des deux statuts, ou dans la moindre visibilité du label Géoparc au regard de la plus grande notoriété de l’aire protégée préexistante. L’issue positive ou négative des interactions liées à cette situation de superposition territoriale dépend principalement de l’attitude de quelques décideurs et acteurs clefs, notamment les directeurs de structure. Le contexte territorial et le degré de recouvrement territorial semble moins crucial que l’existence d’activités conjointes et, idéalement, d’une direction et d’un personnel communs basés au même endroit. Les trois Parcs naturels allemands également Géoparcs en offrent un exemple démonstratif. La question de telles mutualisations avec des parcs nationaux ou des Réserves de Biosphère est discutable, en raison des différences relatives aux modes de financement et aux sphères politiques concernées. Néanmoins, l’enquête empirique réalisée en Allemagne révèle un fort potentiel de coopération porteuse de synergies constructives.
Paysages géopittoresques et modélisation spatiale des géoparcs européens : vers de nouveaux espaces naturels et culturels protégés ?
Authors: Portal Claire
Published: October 2017

En Europe, le label géoparcs concerne 69 territoires qui sont tous totalement ou partiellement connectés à des espaces naturels protégés. Cet article propose une étude exploratoire des relations spatiales et paysagères entre ces espaces patrimoniaux et géopatrimoniaux. Il s’appuie sur une base de données multicritères dont l’analyse a permis de mettre au jour des relations topologiques associées à la reconnaissance territorialisée de la valeur géopatrimoniale : la superposition des espaces implique ainsi une réinterprétation des paysages patrimonialisés ; l’expansion des territoires géopatrimoniaux au-delà des espaces protégés interroge les limites actuelles de ces espaces ; enfin, l’introduction des connaissances géopatrimoniales réinvente les modèles pittoresques à l’origine de la création des espaces naturels protégés européens. Les changements environnementaux contemporains, les héritages miniers et les pratiques géotouristiques composent ces paysages géopittoresques dont les modes de gestion actuels pourraient évoluer au regard des nouvelles pratiques associées à la « nature sauvage ».
Penser météore
Authors: Vasak Anouchka
Published: October 2017

Résumé Cet article se présente à la fois comme une introduction au numéro et une réflexion sur la notion de météore . Phénomènes atmosphériques tels la pluie, le brouillard, les éclairs, les météores sont pris ici dans un sens métaphorique, et la météorologie comme un modèle pour penser. Le météore est d’abord une invitation à percevoir autrement, sur un mode non linéaire qui interroge les frontières et les certitudes. Penser météore , c’est, ensuite, prendre en considération l’aléatoire, plus que les déterminismes, dans de nombreux domaines de recherche, en particulier dans certaines disciplines et théories (économie, histoire, théorie de l’évolution). Le présent volume peut se lire comme un dialogue ouvert sur le modèle du penser météore .
« Le temps n’est plus le même »
Authors: Carraretto Maryse , Doutreleau Vanessa
Published: October 2017

Résumé Dans le village de Garein, au cœur de la forêt des Landes, la tempête Klaus a laissé des traces durables, inscrites dans l’espace et les esprits. Plus, elle a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives – paysagères, temporelles et identitaires – que les habitants tentent désormais d’appréhender, quelque sept ans après. Ce sont ces voix et ces regards multiples sur une forêt d’après-tempête que cet article propose de lire et de comprendre.