bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Of Linguistics Rights (and Duties…)
Authors: Santipolo Matteo
Published: September 2018

Language rights are included among the fundamental human rights and most countries worldwide nowadays have ad hoc legislations to protect their historical and territorial language minorities. The matter becomes more complicated when the languages to be protected are those of immigrants, who, on the other hand, have also the duty to learn, at an adequate level of competence and proficiency, the language of the place where they settle down. Linguistic rights and duties, that should all fall under the Latin ‘umbrella’ term of ius, are the subject of analysis in this contribution, which mainly aims at providing hints of reflection on an intricate and by no means easily solvable situation, with special reference to the Italian context. In the last paragraph a proposal is put forward to introduce in the debate the newly-coined concept of ius linguarum, as a possible ‘jimmy’ of the twisted matter.
Italian ‘Grammar’ and ‘Grammars’ for Foreign Learners
Authors: Benucci Antonella
Published: September 2018

The contribution presents a reflection on an ever-present aspect of teaching second and foreign languages: the weight of linguistic reflection and of the choice of formal contents in teaching. Over the years, educational linguistics has matured more and more adequate responses to the diversification of the types of learners of Italian as a second/foreign language, that will be summarized in this contribution.
ANALISIS PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KINERJA KARYAWAN DI CV. BAHRUL MAGHFIROH KOTA MALANG
Authors: Septiawan Bambang , Mudasyir Ahmad
Published: September 2018

Motivasi dan pengawasan merupakan elemen penting dalam penigkatan kinerja karyawan. CV. Bahrul maghfiroh telah menerapkannya dan sudah diteliti kefeektifan penggunaan dua hal tersebut dalam jurnal ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan system pengolahan SPSS serta termasuk deskriptif karena menjelaskan secara detail tentang variabel yang diteliti. Hasil enelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan secara parsial maupun simultan antatra motowasi dan pengawasan terhaadap kinerja karyawan CV. Bahrul maghfiroh.   ABSTRACTMonitoring and mitivation are the main elements for improving employees’ performances. CV. Bahrul Maghfiroh has already applied those poins and it has been researched the influences of those factors in this journal. This journal used quantitative method by using SPSS tool as well as included descriptive because it explains about the variables detailly. The result of this journal proves that monitoring and motivation influenced partially dan simultaneously to the employees’ performance.
A Comprehensive and Practical Approach to Policy Guidance: The Office for Civil Rights’ Role in Education During the Obama Administration
Authors: Lewis Maria M. , Garces Liliana M. , Frankenberg Erica
Published: September 2018

As the federal entity in charge of enforcing civil rights law, the U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) plays a critical role in addressing the vast inequities that exist in U.S. education. Through an analysis of the policy guidance OCR issued for a number of areas during the Obama administration, we illustrate the agency’s comprehensive and practical approach to helping ensure that young people from different backgrounds have equitable access to education and equitable experiences once enrolled. This review provides the foundation for understanding civil rights enforcement in the current context of inequality; it is particularly timely, as the Trump administration has begun a rollback of existing guidance, which has concerning implications for students’ civil rights.
Refleksi Fenomena Judicialization of Politics pada Politik Hukum Pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Perwira Indra
Published: September 2018

This paper aims  to  introduce  the  phenomenon  of  judicialization  of  politics in the treasury of  legal  thought  in  Indonesia.  In  addition,  this  paper  also  aims to reflect the presence of judicialization of politics in the  Constitutional  Court, either through legal policy  on  establishment  of  constitutional  court  or  through its decisions. Theoretically, the phenomenon of judicialization of politics began to be known at the beginning of the 21st century characterized by the dependence of society to the court to resolve the issues related to morality, public policy, and political controversies. The presence of judicialization of politics can be reflected from the shift in the political settlement of the case which was originally made through political mechanisms to the settlement through a judicial mechanism. To see the phenomenon, this paper will explore the legal policy on establishment of the Constitutional Court. Through a historical perspective on the establishment, this paper would like to indicate that, in nature, the Constitutional Court is a political institution. In addition, this paper also analyzes the Constitutional Court decision in the case of judicial review on “Perpu” of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the decision regarding the dispute Election East Java province in 2008,  to show that the phenomenon of judicialization of politics has lived and practiced  in the Constitutional Court as well.
Politik Hukum Pengujian Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dalam Penyelenggaraan Negara
Authors: Triningsih Anna
Published: September 2018

Legislation or commonly called the law is a  political  product.  Politics  is  a field in the society which relate to public goals, and the law as one of the fields in society is always linked to the goals of society. Because of being associated with these objectives, the law has its own dynamics side. In its socio-political dynamics there is always a message that wants to be heard, known, understood, and then executed by the addressee, which is the organizer of state power, political power holders. In the perspective of constitutional law that  message  then  becomes  a  goal in organizing the state and then organized into a political structure as the procedures in the administration of the state in order to reach the goal of the state. The meaning of a more democratic state administration and based on law as a goal in the amendment of the 1945 Constitution was to provide a constitutional basis, (i) equal relationship between state and society based on rights and obligations in reciprocal nature; (ii) the equal relationship between state institutions based on checks and balances system; (iii) strengthening the independence and impartiality of judicial authority to guard the running of the legal and constitutional system. Review of egal products in state administration through judicial mechanism aims to provide a guarantee for the implementation of these relationships and the running of the legal and constitutional system in accordance with the 1945 Constitution.
Menakar Perlindungan Justice Colaborator
Authors: Satria Hariman
Published: September 2018

Corruption is one form of systematic organized crimes performed with complicated modus operandi. Disclosing of this crime, in addition to requiring special equipment, also needs a certain method. One of the methods is using actors who collaborate or justice collaborator. The provisions on justice collaboratororiginally referred to Article 10 paragraph (2) of Law No. 13 of 2006 on Protection of Witnesses and Victims –but there are indications that these provisions do not provide protection to the justice collaborator. Because even though he plays as a collaborating actor,   it does not result in a loss of authority of the state to prosecute the concerned. This provision is considered violating the principle of lex certain criminal law, for  its ambiguity and multiple interpretations. Constitutional Court in its decision No. 42/PUU-VIII/2010states that Article 10 paragraph (2) regarding a quoprovision is not contrary to the 1945 Constitution. Without realizing it, Constitutional Court has come affirming the lack of protection on the collaborating actors. The fate of justice collaboratorthen finds the clarity in Article 10 paragraph (1) of Law No. 31 of 2014 on Protection on Witnesses and Victims. In the future, with reference to a quo provision, there is no guarantee to the justice collaboratorthat he would not be prosecuted either criminal or civil, except for statements or testimony that is not done in good faith. Besides regulated under legislation of Witnesses and Victims Protection, protection of the justice collaboratorhas also been set in UNTOC 2000 and UNCAC 2003.
Tafsir Konstitusional Pengujian Peraturan di Bawah Undang-Undang
Authors: Junaenah Inna
Published: September 2018

Particular problem in judicial review frequently found is there a contradiction between the subsidiary legislation and the constitution. Unfortunately, in several Supreme Court verdict on judicial review, there is no usage of constitutional interpretation on their legal reasoning. However within domain of Supreme Court authority, constitution is not the touchstone, but constitution perspective must be included to maintain consistency of legislation hierarchy. There are two reasons on that posibilities, first the approximation of constitutional review by the court and second, the consequences of Indonesian’s legal system that implementing legislation hierarchy. Responsibility as the guardian of constitution not only applied on Constitutional Court, but on all the state institutions including every citizen. In the context of guarding consistency of legislation hierarchy, Supreme Court might also develop constitutional interpretation in order to ensure conformity regulations that is examined to the constitution. In addition, meaning of the constitution can be developed by a judge that can be found in accordance with contextuality. The perspective is assessed to highlight more detailed the mapping of the use of constitutional interpretation on Judicial Review in supreme court post amandment of Constitution of Republic Indonesia 1945. This article formulatesthe notion of constitutional interpretation on Judicial Review. Within this concept, will be prepared by the use of mapping of constitutional interpretation on Judicial Review in supreme court post amandment of Constitution of Republic Indonesia 1945. Thus this research was intended to make the judge use constitutional interpretation. Of course if the recommendations are applied, it can be achieved not instantly in a short time. With the use of Constitutional interpretation on Judicial review in supreme court, the constitutionallity can be reflected later on legislation hierarchy as a whole legal system.
Perlindungan Hak Konstitusional Masyarakat Hukum Adat Minangkabau dalam Pelaksanaan Gadai Tanah Pertanian
Authors: Aermadepa Aermadepa
Published: September 2018

This research aims to knowing implementation of Constitutional Right of Indigenous People in Agricultural Land Pawning According to Custom in Minangkabau West Sumatra. In Indonesia Agricultural Land Pawning be regulated in the Law No. 56 Prp 1960, where in Article 7 section 2 limits liens that have been implemented within seven years to be returned to the owner without ransom. This poses a problem in the implementation in the Minangkabau, because according to Minangkabau customary law, liens are to be redeemed regardless of the time period. this research is an emperical law research or sosiological (socio legal research). The result of this research knowing that On one hand the Indonesian 1945 Constitution acknowledges the existence of the rights of indigenous people, but on the other hand there are laws and regulations that are counterproductive to the guarantee of the mentioned rights. The implementation of agricultural land pawning in West Sumatra Minangkabau is not a bonded labor system that requires extortion but rather a system based on mutual help and pawn prices nearly equalize the price of the land. The application of Article 7 (2) of Law No.56 Prp 1960 is certainly harmful to the constitutional rights of Indigenous Minangkabau people.
Kontrak Karya PT Freeport Indonesia dalam Perspektif Pancasila dan UUD NRI 1945
Authors: Redi Ahmad
Published: September 2018

PT Freeport Indonesia (PT FI) has a Contract of Work (KK) to undertake mining materials in Grasberg and Ertsberg mining areas which has begun in 1967 and will end in 2021. Since the promulgation of Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining (UU Minerba), regulation on mineral and coal undertaking has been in accordance with Pancasila (State Ideology) and the 1945 Constitution, however, because UU Minerba can only be effective for legal actions after its promulgation therefore items related to KK before the existence of that law cannot be regulated. On the other hand, the existence of KK of PT FI is considered to be in violation with Pancasila namely The Fifth Principle “Social Justice for The Whole People of Indonesia”, and Article 33 (3) of 1945 Constitution concerning the substance of land, water, and natural wealth ‘shall be controlled by the State’ and ‘for maximum use for people’s welfare’. This article shall discuss on whether KK of PT FI has been in accordance with Pancasila and the1945 Constitution? And what should Government do in order KK of PT FI can be regulated within the frame of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution? The method used in this writing is juridical normative. Based on the writer’s analysis, KK of PT FI is violating Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. The effort to adjust it to Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution shall be conducted through renegotiation of KK of PT FI based on “hardship” principle in UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts and principle of natural resources for national interest and people’s welfare in the Resolution of General Assembly Resolution 1803 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, “Permanent Sovereignty Over Natural Resources.
Inkonstitusionalitas Pasal 19 Perma Nomor 2 Tahun 2016 dan Implikasinya terhadap Akses Keadilan Warga Negara
Authors: Fadhli Yogi Zul
Published: September 2018

Judicial review as an extraordinary legal effort has constitutionally regulated by Indonesian law. However, in the administrative court, related with the dispute of location determination for the public interest, judicial review is dispensed by the Article 19 of Supreme Court Regulation No. 2 of 2016. Those article is unconstitutional because theoretically contrary with the Constitution of Indonesia and disharmonious in the types, hierarchy and substantive of the proportionality principle. Thus, human rights violation is rising especially for the people that being victims of land grabbing of development project for the public interest and disorganize of the system procedures in administrative court.
Penerapan Pasal 1 ayat (2) Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dalam Perspektif Kontemporer
Authors: Yuvens Damian Agata
Published: September 2018

Article 1 paragraph (2) Indonesian Criminal Code is an article designed as bridge between the old and new criminal provisions. Recalling the “age” of Article 1 paragraph (2) Indonesian Criminal Code that is so old, there is an urgency to conduct analysis in contemporary perspective whether or not Article 1 paragraph (2) Indonesian Criminal Code can be implemented under the current law regime in Indonesia. In implementing Article 1 paragraph (2) Indonesian Criminal Code, elements that shall be regarded are: (i) defendant; (ii) change of laws and regulations after the crime is committed; (iii) most favourable provision. There should be an adjustment on the method of interpreting both elements of defendant and change of law and regulations; on the other hand, there must be a case-by-case study to answer the element of most favourable provision. Aside from elements of Article 1 paragraph (2) Indonesian Criminal Code, there should also be a consideration on transitional provisions of the changed law to determine whether or not Article 1 paragraph (2) Indonesian Criminal Code could be implemented.
Daerah sebagai Pihak dalam Kontrak Penanaman Modal Internasional (Studi Kasus Provinsi Aceh)
Authors: Bintang Sanusi
Published: September 2018

Legal certainty is an important factor in developing international investment contracts in regional areas. How ever, it cannot be accomplisehed yet because of, among others, obscurance and inconsistance of laws regulating capacity to contracts for regional sub-divisions in Indonesia. The capacity to contract of the regional sub-divisions can be ascertained based on criteria of definition of the international contracts which is different from treaties, legal personality theory on the subject, and object concerning local government affairs. This article concludes that regional sub-divisions, such as Aceh Province, has capacity to be a party to international contracts, therefore, inconsistence laws should be adjusted.
Politik Hukum Pendidikan Nasional: Analisis Politik Hukum dalam Masa Reformasi
Authors: Triningsih Anna
Published: September 2018

Sistem pendidikan nasional yang diatur dalam UU Sisdiknas harus mampu meningkatkan keimanan dan ketakwaan, mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, dan memajukan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang berorientasi 4 (empat) hal, yaitu menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai agama, memelihara persatuan bangsa, memajukan peradaban, dan memajukan kesejahteraan umat manusia. Salah satu tujuan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia ialah mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Hal ini berdampak bahwa kewajiban negara terhadap warga negara dalam bidang pendidikan mempunyai dasar yang fundamental. Hal ini sebagaimana tertuang dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945. Adanya tujuan nasional tersebut mengakibatkan bahwa kewajiban mencerdaskan bangsa melekat pada eksistensi negara, sehingga negara memprioritaskan anggaran pendidikan minimal 20% dari APBN dan APBD. Bahkan seharusnya untuk pendidikan dasar, baik negeri maupun swasta, harus cuma-cuma, karena menjadi tanggung jawab negara yang telah mewajibkan setiap warga negara mengikuti pendidikan dasar. Era reformasi telah memberikan ruang yang cukup besar bagi perumusan kebijakan-kebijakan pendidikan baru yang bersifat reformatif dan revolusioner. Bentuk kurikulum menjadi berbasis kompetensi. Begitu pula bentuk pelaksanaan pendidikan berubah dari sentralistik (orde lama) menjadi desentralistik. Anggaran pendidikan ditetapkan sesuai dengan UUD 1945 yaitu 20% (dua puluh Persen) dari APBN dan APBD, sehingga banyak terjadi reformasi di dunia pendidikan.
Implikasi Konstitusionalitas Pengaturan Syarat Domisili Calon Kepala Desa
Authors: Widjaja Alia Harumdani
Published: September 2018

Desa sebagai entitas terkecil dari suatu pemerintahan daerah memiliki peran penting untuk mensukseskan pembangunan nasional. Karena itulah, eksistensi desa tetap tidak dapat dilepaskan dari pengaturan pemerintah pusat dan diakomodir keberadaannya melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Salah satu ketentuan yang dirasa melanggar hak konstitusional warga desa adalah ketentuan Pasal 33 huruf g Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa yang menyatakan “calon kepala desa wajib memenuhi persyaratan : terdaftar sebagai penduduk dan bertempat tinggal di desa setempat paling kurang 1 (satu) tahun sebelum pendaftaran”. Ketentuan tersebut dianggap memangkas hak banyak penduduk yang ingin berkarya menjadi kepala desa namun belum sampai satu tahun domisilinya. Namun, akhirnya pada tanggal 23 Agustus 2016, Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan bahwa ketentuan tersebut bertentangan dengan UUD 1945 dan tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum mengikat. Lumrahnya suatu Putusan Pengadilan, akan menimbulkan juga rasa kekhawatiran terhadap implikasi yang dapat timbul akibat Putusan MK tersebut. Penulis memberikan simpulan terdapat beberapa implikasi atau simpul keterlibatan yang muncul yakni Pemilihan Kepala Desa merupakan rezim pemerintahan Daerah dan bukan rezim pemilihan umum, adanya anggapan dan kekhawatiran, bahwa kepala desa yang terpilih dan bukan dari domisili tempat dia terpilih akan memberikan potensi buruk seperti penyalahgunaan wewenang demi kepentingan elit desa, Terbukanya kesempatan bagi calon kepala desa yang berasal dari luar domisili setempat justru membuka peluang bagi sumber daya manusia yang bermutu tinggi untuk memajukan desa dan perlu adanya penyesuaian peraturan teknis dibawah Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa yang berkaitan dengan syarat domisili.
Konstitusionalitas Hak Masyarakat Hukum Adat atas Hak Ulayat Rumpon di Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Redi Ahmad , Prianto Yuwono , Sitabuana Tundjung Herning , Adhari Ade
Published: September 2018

Pasal 18B ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945 mengatur mengenai penghormatan dan pengakuan atas satuan-satuan masyarakat hukum adat beserta hak-hak tradisionalnya sepanjang keberadaannya masih ada. Salah satu hak masyarakat adat di masyarakat pesisir di Provinsi Lampung ialah hak rumpon sebagai hak ulayat laut. Rumpon laut secara bahasa merupakan jenis alat bantu penangkapan ikan yang dipasang di laut, baik laut dangkal maupun laut dalam. Saat ini eksistensi rumpon laut terancam keberadaannya karena untuk menjaga dan melestarikan sistem pengelolaan perikanan ini tidak didukung oleh tindakan nyata oleh Pemerintah dan masyarakat sekitar pesisir. Tulisan ini melakukan pengkajian atas hak masyarakat hukum atas hak ulayat rumpon di Provinsi Lampung dengan fokus penelitian pada eksistensi hak ulayat laut rumpon pada masyarakat Lampung dan perlindungan konstitusional atas hak ulayat rumpon laut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode socio-legal yang melakukan kajian terhadap aspek hukum dalam ranah das sollen dan das sein.Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia regulates the respect and recognition on customary law community units and their traditional rights as long as they still exist. One of the rights of indigenous peoples in coastal communities in Lampung Province is rumpon’s right as the ulayat right of the sea. Literaly, Rumpon laut is a type of fishing gear installed in the sea, both the shallow and the deep one. Currently the existence of rumpon laut is threatened because the maintenance is not supported by concrete actions by the Government and coastal communities. This paper conducts an assessment of the community’s right on customary rights of rumpon laut in Lampung Province. This paper focuses on the existence of the ulayat right of rumpon laut in Lampung and the constitutional protection of the ulayat right of rumpon laut. The research method used is a sociolegal method that studies the legal aspects in the realm of das sollen and das sein.
Peran Perubahan Undang-Undang Kewarganegaraan dalam Mengakomodir Diaspora untuk Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Rajab Achmadudin
Published: September 2018

Adanya dua persoalan kewarganegaraan yang terjadi pada Gloria Natapraja Hamel dan Archandra Tahar telah membangkitkan kembali momentum untuk melakukan perubahan terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia. Kedua persoalan ini juga sejalan dengan keinginan diaspora untuk mendapatkan hak-hak setara dengan warga negara Indonesia. Sebagaimana diketahui tuntutan untuk mengakomodir keinginan diaspora ini menjanjikan hal-hal yang besar bagi Indonesia. Potensi diaspora Indonesia dari sudut ekonomi serta alih teknologi dan/atau pengetahuan bagi Indonesia adalah daya tarik utama pengakomodiran keinginan diaspora. Begitu juga diyakini bahwa diaspora akan membawa jumlah remitansi yang besar menjadi salah satu pendorong utama bagi Indonesia untuk menyesuaikan kebutuhan dari perkembangan dunia saat ini tekait diaspora. Oleh karena itu, perlu kiranya rekomendasi yang tepat bagi perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia untuk mengakomodir diaspora dalam rangka peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, namun tanpa mengubah politik kewarganegaraan Indonesia yang selama ini berlaku yakni kewarganegaraan tunggal.There were two problems of citizenship related two someone who has dual nationality, Gloria's case and Archandra's case. These case revive momentum to amend Law Number 12 of 2006 on Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia. Both the issue are also in line with the wish of diaspora to get the rights equivalent to indonesian citizens. As it is known the demand to accommodate this desire diaspora promising great things for indonesia. The potential diaspora of indonesia from the economic angle as well as technology transfer and / or the knowledge for Indonesia is the main attraction to accommodate the desire from diaspora. So does was believed that diaspora will bring the number of a remittance is large coiled one of the main incentive for Indonesia to adjust the needs of the development of the world today about diaspora. Hence, recommendations that are suitable for the changing of Law Number 12 years 2006 on Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia to accommodate diaspora to increase the public welfare, but without change politics of citizenship of Indonesia that has been settled, that is mono-nationality.
Kekuatan Putusan Mahkamah Partai Ditinjau dari Sistem Kekuasaan Kehakiman Menurut UUD 1945
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Kurniawan Nalom
Published: September 2018

Mahkamah Partai adalah satu organ baru partai politik yang wajib dibentuk setiap partai menurut UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2011 tentang Perubahan Atas UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 tentang Partai Politik. Keberadaannya didesain sebagai peradilan internal untuk memeriksa, mengadili, dan memutus perselisihan internal partai secara cepat, sederhana, berkepastian dan berkeadilan. Namun, Mahkamah Partai dan putusan-putusan yang dihasilkan belum dapat membantu partai politik menyelesaikan perselisihan secara efisien dan efektif. Melalui metode penelitian dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif serta yuridis empiris, penelusuran dan pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan studi lapangan untuk memperoleh bahan hukum primer, sekunder maupun tersier. Bahan-bahan hukum diidentifikasi, diklasifikasi, disistematisasi sesuai dengan objek yang diteliti dan dianalisis secara yuridis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa belum maksimalnya Mahkamah Partai menyelesaikan perselisihan internal disebabkan oleh kedudukan Mahkamah Partai yang berimplikasi pada kekuatan Putusan Mahkamah Partai.Court of Parties is a new political parties organ which each parties shall be established according to Law No. 2 of 2011 on the Amendment of Act No. 2 of 2008 on Political Parties. Its presence is designed as an internal courts to examine, hear and decide the parties internal disputes in a fast, simple, and fair certainty. The existence of the Court of Parties and the decisions can not be optimally produced assist political parties in resolving disputes efficiently and effectively. Through research methods with normative juridical approach and empirical juridical, search and collection of legal materials is done through literature and field studies to obtain primary legal materials, secondary and tertiary. Legal materials are identified, classified, systematized according to the object under study and analyzed by juridical qualitative. The results of the study found that the Court has not maximally resolved the internal dispute caused of the position of the Party Court which has implications on the power of the decision of the Court of Justice.
Prinsip Konstitusi Ekonomi dalam Privatisasi Badan Usaha Milik Negara
Authors: Mareta Josefhin
Published: September 2018

Salah satu kekuatan ekonomi nasional yang perlu ditingkatkan produktivitas dan efisiensinya adalah BUMN dikarenakan kinerja BUMN yang dinilai belum memuaskan dan masih terdapatnya birokrasi yang menyebabkan profesionalisme BUMN menjadi rendah. Privatisasi yang dilakukan sebagai upaya meningkatkan efisiensi BUMN menyebabkan berkurangnya kontrol dan proteksi negara terhadap badan-badan usaha yang menyentuh sektor publik. Tulisan ini memberikan analisis terhadap pelaksanaan privatisasi BUMN di Indonesia dan penerapan prinsip konstitusi ekonomi dalam kebijakan privatisasi BUMN di Indonesia. Dari analisis yang ada, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa privatisasi menjadi salah satu kebijakan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk menyelesaikan masalah strategis pada BUMN yang dinilai dari kinerja keuangan dan kinerja non keuangan berupa terwujudnya manajemen yang profesional dan transparan sesuai prinsip tata kelola perusahaan yang baik. Pemaknaan terhadap hak menguasai negara adalah negara melakukan pengaturan, pengurusan dan pengolahan, serta pengawasan sehingga negara dapat menyerahkan pengelolaannya pada pihak swasta dengan pengawasan pemerintah.One of the strengths of the national economy which need to be improved is state-owned enterprises because its performances are rated unsatisfactory and still have a bureaucracy that led to its professionalism below. Privatization as an effort to improve the efficiency of state-owned enterprises reduced the state control and protection against business entities in public sector. This paper provided an analysis of the implementation of the privatization of state-owned enterprises and the application of economic constitutional principles in the privatization of state-owned enterprises in Indonesia. The writer concluded that privatization has become the policy to solve strategic problems of state-owned enterprises assessed by financial performance and non-financial performance is realized by professional management and transparent according to the principles of good corporate governance. Meanings of the right of the state to control are the state make the arrangement, processing, and supervision so that the state can submit the management to the private with government supervision.
Особливості розмноження шкідників пшениці озимої при ресурсоощадних системах застосування добрив у Лісостепу України
Authors: Сахненко В. В. , Сахненко Д. В.
Published: September 2018

Узагальнено особливості формувань чисельності шкідників при застосуванні сумішей добрив і засобів захисту рослин на посівах пшениці озимої. Уточнено біологію, поширення, розвиток, еколого-економічне значення шкідників у технологіях вирощування зернових культур і рекомендовані заходи щодо оптимального застосування профілактичних і спеціальних захисних заходів від шкідників у короткоротаційних польових сівозмінах. Теоретично обґрунтовано та експериментально підтверджено закономірності формувань енотмокомплексів при сучасному застосуванні рідких форм добрив, зокрема карбамідно-аміачної суміші (КАС) і засобів захисту рослин.

The article generalizes the features of the formation of pest numbers when using mixtures of fertilizers and plant protection products on winter wheat crops. The specified biology, distribution, development, ecological and economic importance of pests in technologies of growing grain crops and recommended measures for the optimal use of preventive and special protective measures against pests in short-rotation field crop rotations. The regularities of the formation of enotmocomplexes in the modern application of liquid forms of fertilizers, in particular the carbamide-ammonium mixture of CAS and plant protection products, are theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed.

The use of modern liquid forms of fertilizers KAS, 32 % and plant protection products for the cultivation of winter wheat and other cereals in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine remains at a relatively low level: imperfection of technology, adverse climatic conditions, various stresses do not allow realizing the potential of crop productivity. The rationale for the effectiveness of such mixtures for breeding and the number of pests in modern technologies for growing crops deserves special attention in terms of optimizing the phytosanitary state of grain crops in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

It has been established that the best conditions for the formation of the winter wheat seed crop are created by applying fertilizers at a dose of H90 P40 and integrated plant protection. With high soil moisture and protection of plants from the pest complex, the tank mixtures are crushed, including at low moisture reserves and without plant protection, single and fragmented application of mineral fertilizers provide practically the same yield of winter wheat seeds.

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to improve the effectiveness of plant protection products in mixtures of rare forms of fertilizers with the determination of their effect on the dynamics of numbers and reproduction of pests of grain crops in modern crop rotation of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Bagaimana Menumpas Teror?
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Masalah Revisi Undang-Undang nomor 15 tahun 2003 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme (selanjutnya disebut saja RUU Teror) yang pembahasannya cukup lama tertunda menjadi salah satu pusat perhatian penting menyusul rentetan kejadian berkategori teror menjelang bulan Ramadhan tahun ini. Banyak orang menyorot Panitia Khusus (Pansus) DPR-RI dan menudingnya lamban serta tak memiliki niat baik.
Pancasila Ekonomi
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Kerap ada predikat tambahan di awal atau di akhir kata “Pancasila”. Di antaranya Pancasila Sakti. Pada tataran seperti ini instrumentasi sering mengarah penerawangan imajinatif tentang sebuah kedigdayaan, keampuhan, dan keindahan Pancasila. Lalu berhenti sampai di situ.
Pengembangan LKS dengan Pendekatan Saintifik Berbasis Discovery Learning Pada Materi Hukum Dasar Kimia untuk Pembelajaran Kelas X SMA/MA
Authors: Chairi Ikhwan , Ellizar  , Zainul Rahadian
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research are to develop a Student Activity Sheet on discovery-based learning of Basics Laws of Chemistry and test the validity and practicality of LKS produced. This type of research is the Research and Development (R & D). Development models used in this study is a four D models, namely (1) define , (2) design , (3) develop and (4) disseminate. This study is limited to the development stage. The instrument used in this research is the questionnaire of validity and practicalities. LKS developed validated by 7 people validator, consisting of five chemistry lecturers and two chemistry teachers. Practicality test carried by four chemistry teachers and several X grade students of MAN 3 Padang. Based on the research that has been conducted, the product produced Student Activity Sheet discovery-based learning for material Basics Laws of Chemistry that its validity and practicality had been examined. LKS produced has an average value of 0.90 with the validity of the category of very high validity, average of teachers practicality is 0.85 with very high practicality categories and average of students practicality is 0.72 with high practicality category.
Negara Tanpa Agama
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Jurgen Habermas dalam ulasan berjudul “Religion in the Public Sphere” yang diterbitkan oleh European Journal of Philosopy (Maret, 2006) dengan tegas menyatakan bahwa tradisi religius dan komunitas iman telah memeroleh kepentingan politik baru yang tak terduga sebelumnya. Ulasan itu terkait dengan asumsi-asumsi keunggulan sekularitas di antara yang lain sambil memusuhi semua hal yang dianggap bertentangan dengan rasionalitas.
Prestige and dominance based hierarchies exist in naturally occurring human groups, but are unrelated to task-specific knowledge
Authors: Brand Charlotte Olivia , Mesoudi Alex
Published: September 2018

Prestige and dominance are thought to be two evolutionarily distinct routes to gaining status and influence in human social hierarchies. Prestige is attained by having specialist knowledge or skills that others wish to learn, whereas dominant individuals use threat or fear to gain influence over others. Previous studies with groups of unacquainted students have found prestige and dominance to be two independent avenues of gaining influence within groups. We tested whether this result extends to naturally-occurring social groups. We ran an experiment with 30 groups of 5 people from Cornwall, UK (n=150). Participants answered general knowledge questions individually and as a group, and subsequently nominated a team representative to answer bonus questions to win money on behalf of the team. Participants then rated all other team-mates anonymously on scales of prestige, dominance, likeability and influence on the task. Using a model comparison approach with Bayesian multi-level models, we found that prestige and dominance ratings were predicted by influence ratings on the task, replicating previous studies. However, prestige and dominance ratings did not predict who was nominated as group representative. Instead, participants nominated team members with the highest individual quiz scores, despite this information being unavailable to them. Interestingly, team members who were initially rated as being high status in the group, such as a team captain or group administrator, had higher ratings of both dominance and prestige than other group members. In contrast, those who were initially rated as someone from whom group members would like to learn had higher prestige ratings, but not higher dominance ratings, supporting the claim that prestige reflects social learning opportunities. Our results suggest that prestige and dominance hierarchies do become established in naturally occurring human social groups, but that these hierarchies may be more domain-specific and less flexible than we anticipated.
Dampening focusing illusion to protect borrowers
Authors: Dezső Linda , Bakó Barna , Steinhart Jonathan , Neszveda Gabor , Kirchler Erich
Published: September 2018

Focusing illusion describes how people, when making choices, give disproportionate attention and weight to attributes in which their options differ more. It can lead to harmful loan consumption because when considering a loan, one may attend excessively to the difference between getting the loaned amount and not, while ignoring the differences between making and not making repayments. In two experiments, we demonstrate that the effect of focusing illusion in loan decisions can be dampened by carefully designing the set of plans offered. The crux is to offer a steeply-decreasing installments plan alongside the usual fixed installments plan so that consumers are less likely to borrow, because the decreasing plan attracts attention to making repayments. We conclude that policy may combat against harmful loan consumption by prescribing joint presentation of loan offers such that at least one option includes high initial repayments, dampening the salience of getting the good.
Immutable morality: Even God could not change some moral facts
Authors: Reinecke Madeline G. , Horne Zachary
Published: September 2018

The idea that morality depends on God is a widely held belief. This belief entails that the moral “facts” could be otherwise because, in principle, God could change them. Yet, some moral propositions seem so obviously true (e.g., the immorality of killing someone just for pleasure) that it is hard to imagine how they could be otherwise. In two experiments, we investigated people’s intuitions about the immutability of moral facts. Participants judged whether it was even possible, or possible for God, to change moral, logical, and physical facts. In both experiments, people judged that altering some moral facts was impossible—not even God could turn morally wrong acts into morally right acts. Strikingly, people thought that God could make physically impossible and logically impossible events occur. These results demonstrate the strength of people’s metaethical commitments and shed light on the nature of morality and its centrality to thinking and reasoning.
Coledocoduodenosanastomosis laparoscopica en coloedocolitiasis, experiencia de 10 años
Authors: Fonseca Milton , Cuichan Marco Vinicio Yugsi
Published: September 2018

La coledocolitiasis tiene una incidencia del 8 a 18% en aquellos sometidos a colecistectomía por colecistitis aguda o crónica, entre el 1 a 2% de todos los pacientes que se someten a colecistectomía presentan litiasis residual en el conducto biliar común, es la segunda causa de ingresos hospitalarios en el Ecuador y la primera causa de morbilidad para el género femenino, la pancreatitis se presenta en un 9.64%, pero la colangitis por coledocolitiasis representa un 85%. Objetivo: Evaluar  a través de la revisión de historias clínicas durante un período de 10 años  (2006-2016)  la evolución y complicaciones del tratamiento de las coledocolitiasis por vía laparoscópica en el Hospital General Enrique Garcés de la ciudad de Quito. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo durante el periodo 2006-2016 para evaluar  la evolución y complicaciones de pacientes con diagnóstico de coledocolitiasis sometidos a tratamiento quirúgico por cirugía laparoscópica, en el Hospital General Enrique Garcés de la ciudad de Quito. Se utilizaron métodos estadísticos descriptivos. Resultados: Se evaluaron  126 pacientes, sometidos a coledocoduodenoanastomosis laparoscópica (27%) del  total de 451 pacientes diagnosticados de  coledocolitiasis. La edad promedio fue de 60.3 años, con un 60.8% de mujeres. El 79,3% presentó Coledocolitiasis y  cálculo de más de 1,5cm, siendo retiradas las litiasis durante la cirugía en el 42,2%. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio  fue  120 - 150 minutos. La principal complicación fue la fuga biliar controlada (21%),  con cierre espontaneo dentro de los 30 días. Hasta el momento no se cuenta con reportes de estenosis de la anastomosis. La coledocoduodenoanastomosis laparoscópica demostró ser segura, eficaz, y tener ventajas sobre los abordajes abiertos, siempre y cuando se realice una selección apropiada de los pacientes y se cuente con experiencia en las técnicas laparoscópicas avanzadas, lo cual permitió reducir las complicaciones a largo plazo con las que este procedimiento ha sido estigmatizado, y a su vez tiene mayor ventaja sobre los diferentes procedimientos laparoscópicos como la coledocoyeyuno anastomosis o la hepaticoyeyuno anastomosis. Conclusión: La coledocoduodenoanastomosis laparoscópica mostró  buenos resultados como tratamiento de  las coledocolitiasis no resueltas por otros procedimientos, con evolución favorable de los pacientes e incorporación temprana a su vida diaria
Analisis Faktor-faktor Sosial Ekonomi yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Petani dalam Menghadapi Risiko Usahatani Kentang
Authors: Choiril Choiril , Soetriono Soetriono , Hani Evita Soliha
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi yang mempengaruhi perilaku petani dalam menghadapi risiko usahatani kentang. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Argosari Kabupaten Lumajang yang ditetapkan secara sengaja (purposive method). Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan Disporposionate Stratified Random Sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 67 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi kuadratik dengan model fungsi utilitas, analisis pendapatan, dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar petani kentang di Desa Argosari tidak berani dan netral berisiko. Selanjutnya ditemukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan pada taraf kepercayaan 95% adalah produksi, harga jual, biaya bibit, biaya tenaga kerja, dan biaya obat-obatan. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pendapatan adalah umur, pengalaman, luas lahan, biaya pupuk, perilaku tidak berani berisiko, dan perilaku berani berisiko.The purpose of this study is to analyze social economic factors that affect the earnings of potato’s farming. The analysis intentionally has taken place in Agrosari Village of Lumajang and used the purposive method. The method of collecting the samples was Disporpisionate Stratified Random Sampling. The respondents in this study were 67. There were several methods used in collecting the data such as interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The data analysis methods used in this study are the quadratic regression with utility function model; income analysis; and multiple linear regression. The result of the study showed that most of the potato’s farmer in Argosari consists avoid encountering the risk. The factors which affect the income in the level of trust in 95% are the production, selling price, seed costs, labor costs, and drug costs, whereas factors which have no real impact for the income are age, experience, land area, fertilizer costs, behavior of risk averter and risk taker.
Start-up as a tool for implementation of investment decisions
Authors: Gura Olga
Published: September 2018

Introduction. Start-up is the first necessary stage of a life cycle of innovations. Discovering of foreign experience shows us a limited count of theoretical researches  in case of the start-up business methodology. A high-speed system of a support of the start-ups  is the fundament for an activation of innovations deals, the increase of the volume of innovations production, the export of high-tech product.
Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is discovering of the matter and conditions of Ukrainian IT-business, finding the main sources of a financing of the start-ups in conditions of national economy instability and the detection of potential investment sources for some innovation projects on the data of the start-ups modern financing condition. This article uses dialectical method of research of economy actions and processes in their development and interconnection, systematically way for researching issues.
Research results. The start-up business has differences from the ordinary business, because the investors invest money in it in the beginning of existence, not in time of successful working. One of the main spheres of the modern start-up business is IT-industry.
The biggest spheres of modern investment: the outsourcing, the “Angels’ investments”, the crowdfunding. The Venture Capital and Direct Investment Association (UVCAeu) was founded in Ukraine and the task of this association is the assistance for global companies development in Ukraine and connecting Ukrainian and world’s start-up communities.
Conclusions. Ukraine is becoming the IT-nation. The Technology talent is the unique feature of our country. The one we really need is the entrepreneurial grip in meaning of the right presentation of our product. Today we have to be confident in our start-ups prospective, and each year the world will talk more and more about the success of the Ukrainian projects and our country in general.