bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C in immunocompromised pediatric patients: an epidemiological analysis of data from a center of pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology
Authors: Satsuk Anastasiia V. , Solopova Galina G. , Churilova N.S. , Vlasenko N.V. , Panasiuk Ya.V. , Ploskireva A.A. , Akimkin V.G.
Published: March 2022

Objective.
To analyze the incidence of HCV in patients of the «Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology» (Center), to compare with the overall population incidence of HCV, to identify risk factors and risk groups of HCV infection in the Center’s patients.

Materials and Methods.
A retrospective analysis of the HCV incidence of HCV patients of the Center who were admitted to the Center between 01.07.2014 and 31.12.2020 was carried out. The study included patients aged 0 to 18 years, from all regions of the country, who had previously received therapy at their place of residence. Patient profile: hematological, oncological, immunological and surgical. The indications for testing for HCV were: hospitalization at the Center, stay at the center for 4–6 months, clinical indications. To assess risk factors and identify risk groups for HCV incidence, the main epidemiological aspects (age, sex, disease characteristics, geographical prevalence) were analyzed.

Results.
The incidence of HCV in the Center’s patients was 1.7%, which is 5 times higher than the incidence of the entire population of the country, and 50 times higher than that of the pediatric population. The highest incidence rate was observed in children aged 1 to 2 years – 2.8%. When comparing the risks of infection of the Center’s patients with the children’s population of the country in age groups under 1 year, from 1 to 14 years, and from 14 to 19 years, an excess of 29, 24 and 9 times was revealed, respectively. When analyzing nosological forms, it was found that the highest HCV incidence was in patients with primary immunodeficiencies – 3.2%, while in patients with malignant neoplasms – 1.8%. The region with the highest prevalence of HCV in our study was the Far Eastern Federal District (9%), namely the Amur Region (14%).

Conclusions.
Thus, the morbidity of patients with oncological and hematological profiles and patients with primary immunodeficiencies clearly demonstrates the problem of implementing the artificial mechanism of HCV transmission, which requires taking measures regarding the safety of invasive manipulations.
Genetic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of children
Authors: Zulfirya Z. Sadeeva , Novikova I.E. , Schakirzyanova R.A. , Alyabyeva N.M. , Lazareva A.V. , Melkov M.S. , Karaseva O.V. , Vershinina M.G. , Fisenko A.P.
Published: March 2022

Objective.
To assess antimicrobial susceptibility, presence of resistance genes and determine the phenotypic groups of K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of children with nosocomial infections in intensive care units from 2014 to 2020.

Materials and Methods.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics were determined using the serial broth microdilution method. The identification of genes encoding the production of carbapenemases was carried out using hybridization fluorescence detection.

Results.
A total of 63 isolates of K. рneumoniae, 23 isolates of P. aeruginosa and 14 isolates of A. baumannii were tested in this study. K. pneumoniae was detected in 10.3%. P. aeruginosa was isolated at a frequency of 3.5%. A. baumannii accounted for 2.3%. The proportion of carbapenemresistant K. pneumoniae strains to meropenem and imipenem was 33% and 37%, respectively, of all isolates. Resistance to colistin and polymyxin in K. pneumoniae isolates was 33% and 24%, respectively. The production of carbapenemases OXA-48 was detected in 25 (89%) isolates. The presence of NDM, VIM, KPC carbapenemases was not detected. Among P. aeruginosa, 65% were resistant to meropenem, and 74% to imipenem. The highest activity against P. aeruginosa in vitro was exhibited by polymyxins. There were no strains that were insensitive to colistin. The detection rate of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) in P. aeruginosa strains was 48%. Only VIM-type MBLs were identified. No other types of MBL have been found. A. baumannii was non-susceptible to meropenem in 64% and to imipenem in 71%. The highest in vitro activity against A. baumannii was shown by polymyxin. Rate of colistin resistance was 29%. The OXA-40 and OXA-23 genes were detected in 5 and 3 isolates, respectively.

Conclusions.
There were high resistance rates to most antimicrobials among K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa и A. baumannii isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid in children with nosocomial infections. The increase in carbapenem resistance rates was also observed. Carbapenem resistance was due to OXA48 carbapenemases in K. pneumoniae, VIM-type MBLs in P. aeruginosa, and OXA-40 and OXA-23 carbapenemases in A. baumannii.
Ensuring That Punishment Does, in Fact, Fit the Crime
Authors: McPhail Meredith
Published: March 2022

The United States imprisons a greater proportion of its own population than any other country in the world.2 A legal framework provides protections for those individuals who are incarcerated, but that framework is flawed. The jurisprudence distinguishes pretrial detainees (who have not been convicted) from convicted persons (who are serving a sentence).3 Based on that distinction, different standards apply to conditions of confinement and use of force cases brought by pretrial detainees and those brought by convicted persons.4 That distinction–and the resulting disparate application of legal standards–does not comport with the reality of incarceration, the concept of punishment, or the principle that the Constitution still applies behind bars. This Note argues that, as Justice Thomas has long believed, the Eighth Amendment, properly understood, covers only the specific sentence declared by a sentencing court. Beyond that specific sentence, a convicted person has a substantive due process right to be free from unsanctioned punishment; and therefore, any of his claims should be governed by the more protective due process standard that pretrial detainees enjoy.
Protecting Local Authority in State Constitutions and Challenging Intrastate Preemption
Authors: Baxter Emily
Published: March 2022

In recent years, state legislatures have increasingly passed laws that prohibit or preempt local action on a variety of issues, including fracking, LGBTQIA nondiscrimination, and workplace protections, among others. Often, these preemption laws are a direct response to action at the local level. States pass preemption laws either directly before or directly after a locality passes an ordinance on the same subject. Scholars have seen these preemptive moves as the outcome of the urban disadvantage in state and national government due to partisan gerrymandering.

Preemption may be a feature of our governing system, but it has also become a problematic political tool state legislatures use to block the will of local governments. This Note discusses the role of cities and localities within the American republican system and proposes new ways to address preemption based on a commitment to local governing autonomy, also known as home rule. State constitutions and the guidelines courts use to interpret state constitutions offer an opportunity to improve and secure the relationship between state and local governments. The first Part of this Note addresses theories of local power, the second Part surveys a broad range of sources and examples to understand the scope of state preemption of local action, and the third Part critiques proposals to address preemption while offering new ideas to further that effort focused on amending state constitutions. Finally, the Appendix contains an original qualitative analysis of states’ constitutional home rule provisions and statutes.
POLICE ACTIONS DURING A CRISIS SITUATION - THE SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC IN THE LUBUSKIE VOIVODESHIP
Authors: MACIEJEWSKI Dariusz , KAAK Waldemar
Published: March 2022

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie działań formacji służącej społeczeństwu i przeznaczonej do ochrony bezpieczeństwa ludzi oraz do utrzymywania bezpieczeństwa i porządku publicznego, jaką bez wątpienia jest Policja, w czasie wystąpienia sytuacji kryzysowej, pandemii koronawirusa – SARS-COV-2, wywołującej chorobę koronawirusa COVID-19. W artykule omówiono również rolę Państwa, w zakresie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa swoim obywatelom, poprzez uchwalenie odpowiednich aktów normatywnych regulujących funkcjonowanie służb, inspekcji, straży w ramach zarządzania kryzysowego. Podjęto również próbę zdefiniowania pojęcia bezpieczeństwo, jedną z podstawowych potrzeb człowieka, w tym przypadku, w czasie zaistnienia sytuacji kryzysowej, która niewątpliwie może powodować strach przed utratą najbliższych, lęk o zdrowie, chaos, czy niepewność tego co będzie jutro. Szczególną uwagę skupiono na działaniu podmiotu wspomagającego (Policji), działania instytucji wiodącej (Sanepid), od pierwszego ujawnionego przypadku zachorowania na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, poprzez podejmowane działania zabezpieczające, koordynujące, wspomagające, aż po działania represyjne. Omówiono rolę Policji, w systemie bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego państwa poprzez, wskazanie podstaw prawnych jej funkcjonowania, ujęcia kadrowego, absencji, procedur postępowania opracowanych i wdrożonych w celu skutecznego działania służby w czasie zaistnienia sytuacji kryzysowych oraz przedłużających się w związku z nią działań. Przedstawiono działania podejmowane przez Komendanta Wojewódzkiego Policji w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, od pierwszego przypadku zaistnienia na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej zachorowania na COVID-19. Należy również podkreślić, iż przedmiotowy artykuł nie wyczerpuje wszystkich działań podejmowanych przez podmiot wspomagający, jak również nie opisuje wszystkich poziomów współpracy z innymi podmiotami, w tym z podmiotem wiodącym, min. z uwagi na fakt objęcia tych działań klauzulą niejawności.
The study of specific features of high-speed target tracking
Authors: Sevostyanov M. A. , Razin A. A.
Published: March 2022

The paper is devoted to the study of stability and accuracy of high-speed manoeuvring target tracking.
Protecting Black and African Americans from Disproportionate Coal Ash Exposure in Georgia
Authors: de Amorim Julia , Bradley L.M. , Harbin Nicholas , Kimbrough Evelyn
Published: March 2022

In 2019, an estimated 20% of the energy produced in Georgia came from coal power plants, producing a staggering 6 million tons of toxic coal ash byproducts (Nuclear Energy Institute 2020). The improper storage of this coal ash leads to chemicals leaching into the environment, poisoning the people who reside near the power plants and coal ash dump sites (Earth Justice 2018). Both in the nation and here in Georgia, Black and African American communities are disproportionately harmed by health issues caused by coal ash exposure due to living near coal power plants (Merem 2016, 1-16). To ensure equitable protection from coal ash across the community, we propose amending the Official Georgia Code to adopt HB431, which implements extensive requirements for obtaining coal ash site permits. We further propose incorporating fines for companies that violate HB431 and using fines to empower affected communities.
Recycling Past and Present and the New Innovation Challenge for Materials at End-of-Life
Authors: Yedinak Emily
Published: March 2022

Recycling is critical for the drive towards a circular economy and sustainable materials. More than ever, consumers, industries, governments, and academics are looking at end-of-life materials processing with the simultaneous goals of reducing emissions and energy consumption from primary materials production, encouraging sustainable practices, and securing the supply chains of key materials. However, attention on recycling practices and markets has been inconsistent over the years and critical market trends were largely unnoticed up until three years ago. Consequently, when China instituted its import ban on over 20 classes of recycled materials that failed to meet its strict low contamination limit in 2018, widespread and immediate global repercussions were felt throughout the recycling industry, particularly in the United States (U.S.). To understand the magnitude of this most recent market disruption to the U.S. recycling industry, it is instructive to trace recycling’s origins and evolution to identify where the recycling model has succeeded and where there exist opportunities for improvement. In this vein, this assessment gives a brief overview of the historical development of recycling in the U.S., the state of the industry today, and a discussion of specific materials classes where recycling has achieved varying degrees of success. By providing this context, this assessment aims to generate a discussion based on a systems-wide approach and provide examples of intervention strategies that help move communities toward more sustainable materials management.
Credit economy of banks during SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Brukwicka Irena , Dudzik Iwona
Published: March 2022

Each pandemic is the greatest potential, negative and global risk, especially when it is connected with high morbidity and mortality. There are also negative social and economic effects associated with a pandemic. The world is fighting nowadays against the COVID-19 pandemic, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus, there is high concern about the global economy. In the opinion of some analysts, COVID-19 will contribute to the global recession.

 It is worth emphasizing that the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, the Financial Stability Committee, as well as the National Bank of Poland undertake actions focused on introduction of measures aimed at maintaining the availability of credit for entrepreneurs. At the same time, the Polish Bank Association (ZBP) initiated some facilitations for bank customers with regard to paying off liabilities, as well as extending the period of the loan itself (A. Sieroń, 2021).

For those involved in observation of central banks activities, it is obvious that the monetary policy reaction to the situation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic is dictated by many reasons, and thus, is considered to be exceptional. The purpose of this analysis is to examine in a systematic manner some of the aspects of the above unique situation and to make some comments. The observations described in the paper result only from information relating to the initial reactions of banks to the situation connected with the COVID-19 pandemic. It would be wrong to say that banks can be considered completely safe today.  New economic and social events could contribute to the inefficiency of this sector. One of such event is the COVID-19 pandemic. In the long run, there may be more risks of this kind.
Limitations of the framework to address value for money risk in the European unit-linked market
Authors: Dimitrov Stanislav
Published: March 2022

Savings in the unit-linked products are increasing across the European Union member-states. In environment of low interest rates and increased capital requirements for traditional life insurance products the supply of the unit-linked insurances is rapidly growing. The last year sold unit-linked life insurances in Bulgaria are four times more than five years earlier.

Unit-linked life insurance consists of insurance part and asset management part. The investment result from the insurance is usually born by the insured. The investment performance is related to the performance of the financial markets.

The growing acceptance of unit-linked products are posing questions of adequate information to consumers, the balance between the price and the benefits of the products, the related risks and the proper rights of the insured.

All these specifics raise questions whether the insured are well informed when buying the insurance and whether the client’s needs and preferences are matched with the proposed product. These questions lead to the asking what value is receiving the client for the money spent – value for money effect and risks.

In the European Union there is no common framework on the assessment of the effectiveness of the product. The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority is proposing framework to address value for money risk in the European unit-linked market.

The study finds out that the design of the product is of great importance for the value for money effect for the insured. The life insurance activity in the European Union follows strict and profound regulations both for the life insurance companies and for the life insurance products. That is why additional framework is not the most necessary step. The European Union needs Savings plan that encourages saving in the member states, increases the insurance coverage, increases the accumulated assets and improves the efficiency of the personal savings and investment products.
Values of the managers within their environments
Authors: Esmerova Emanuela , Stojcevska Ivana
Published: March 2022

Values are the base for understanding attitudes, perception, personality and motivation of individuals affecting their behavior. The system of values determines individual’s priority in accordance with their relative importance.

We should consider that the individual tends through his/her life to keep and to preserve the values acquired from his/her early age. It is about attitudes to values of what is right and what isn’t, what is moral and what isn’t. The attitudes of values are tightly related to the age, or to the period of individual’s growing and his/her creation as a person.

This could be a kind of explanation why older generations of employees have different attitude to proper working than the younger generations. All of this could be of help for the managers to be able to predict the attitudes of values according to the age, and these attitudes shall be mainly focused to the way of working. They should also be able to direct these attitudes to more general issues related to the company’s working acquiring support from their employees. Unless the managers fail to implement this in their daily work, the undertaken activities will not be favorable.

The system of values for managers is comprised by their personal values, some of them acquired and some of them could be from birth and he tends to obey them. Personal values determine the person himself, his/her capacity, characteristics, moral and authority. The values, throughout the system of values, could describe anything that the mangers are trying to achieve through their work and their attitude of behavior at work.
Long-term North–South Asymmetry of the Heliospheric Current Sheet
Authors: Vokhmyanin Mikhail , Zolotova Nadezhda
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we evaluate the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) north–south asymmetry using the ecliptical sector structure of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) reconstructed since the second half of the 19th century. During the last five solar cycles, the inferred IMF polarities fairly reproduce the observed dominance of the sectors with the polarity of the northern solar hemisphere, i.e., the prolonged southward shift of the HCS. For the presatellite era, we found that the northward shift of the HCS was more common in cycles 10, 15, and 17–19, and the southward HCS shift was more common in cycles 9, 11–14, and 16. We also analyzed the north–south asymmetry in sunspot group numbers since 1749 and found that the northern hemisphere dominated in cycles 2–3, 7–9, and 15–20, and the southern hemisphere activity was stronger in cycles 4, 9–14, and 21–24. Moreover, other solar phenomena bear similar long-term asymmetry variations. The regularity of these variations is not clear. According to the available proxies of the solar data, the dominance of the northern hemisphere is found in the ascending phase of the secular solar cycle, and the dominance of the southern hemisphere coincides with the descending phase.
Numerical simulation for cutoff draft of sea ice ridge keels based on a novel optimal modeling with nonlinear-statistical constraints
Authors: Zhang Xingang , Tan Bing , Lu Peng , Cheng Bin , Wang Ting , Gao Chunchun , Li Zhijun
Published: March 2022

Optimal identification and numerical models are powerful tools that have been widely used in geoscience research for many years. In this study, we proposed a novel optimal method to simulate a key parameter (cutoff draft) of the ridge keels due to dynamic deformation of sea ice at bottom. The sea ice ridges were measured in the Northwestern Weddell Sea of Antarctic, by a helicopter-borne electromagnetic-induction (EM) system. An optimal model with nonlinear-statistical constraints was developed, by taking deviations between the theoretical and measured keel draft (spacing) distributions as the performance criterion, and cutoff draft as the identified parameter. The properties of the optimal model and the existence of the optimal parameter were demonstrated. We identified that the optimal cutoff draft was 3.78 m via an optimal numerical algorithm, this value was then employed to separate the ridge keels from the ice bottom. Finally, the relationship between the mean keel draft and frequency (number of keels per km) was analyzed, and the result showed that this relationship was modeled well by a logarithmic function with a correlation coefficient of 0.7. The present optimal modeling method will provide a new theoretical reference for separating accurately the ridge keels from undeformed sea ice bottom, and analyzing the relationship between the morphologies of sea ice surface and bottom and the inversions of sea ice bottom draft and ice thickness by the surface height.
Meje
Authors: Kozorog Miha , Bajuk Senčar Tatiana , Munda Hirnök Katalin , Slavec Gradišnik Ingrid
Published: March 2022

The monograph provides readers with a basic introduction to the anthropology of borders and presents a contemporary case of a Slovenian border region. The first chapters outlines many of the key lines of inquiry that influenced anthropological research on borders, border studies localized at selected border regions, and contemporary issues shaping anthropological research within the interdisciplinary field of border studies. The second half of this book is dedicated to presenting diverse aspects of the case of the Slovenian-Hungarian border around Goričko. These ethnographic chapters aim to provide a grounded understanding of the way that borders and border regimes have changed over the last decades, how these changes have informed the border region in diverse ways, and how border actors both experience and respond to these changes – through a myriad of their own border practices.
Qualities of Teachers in Emergency Times
Authors: Anakwue Laetitia Anthonia , Ajake Uchenna Egodi , Effiom John Edwin
Published: March 2022

Despite the spread of the pandemic, it was observed that schools sought alternative methods to engage students in learning activities during the lockdown. However, while some students were able to access quality education, others were not able to access it. This divergence in the quality of education received during the pandemic can be attributed to the quality of teachers. Hence, this chapter discussed the impact of teacher quality on education during emergency times. The discussion of the chapter was sectionalized in four sections. The study noted that during time of emergency, the quality of teachers shows a glaring disparity as teachers in low-income schools deliver poorer educational services than teachers of high-income schools. In conclusion, the study presented a way forward regarding the challenges identified.
Employee Engagement and Learning for the Transformational Leader
Authors: Lacy Debra L.
Published: March 2022

Highly engaged employees are central to strong organizational outcomes. Nonetheless, consistency in maintaining high levels of engagement eludes most organizations. Disengaged employees are often toxic and cultivate negativity. An in-depth analysis of the drivers of employee engagement indicates that leadership is the strongest influencer of engagement. Bass's transformational leadership and the leader-member-exchange (LMX) theories outline characteristics of transformational leaders. The theories intersect where Bass posits is the stage in the relationship between leader and follower where leader behavior inspires followers to excel with no additional incentives needed. Training and development of the transformational leader who drives high engagement must take adult learning principles into account in recognition of the unique learning needs of adults.
Importance of ICT for Perspective and Strategy in Education
Authors: Franciskovic Jubitza , Alvarado Erin Fabiola
Published: March 2022

ICT-enhanced educational tools and approaches offer a new range of options and opportunities to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning to boost individual student performance and thus, in many cases, avoid the challenge of exclusion and poverty related to skills deficit. The authors suggest that digital games, online applications, tablet use, MOOCs, and micro courses can boost student exposure to specific course material, thus assisting in the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
The Impact of Technology on Sustainable MSEs in Turbulent Environments
Authors: Muñoz-Maya Carlos Mario , Ramírez-Garzón María Teresa , Diaz-Villamizar Olga Lucía , Aguilar-Rascón Oscar Cuauhtémoc
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to present the relationship between sustainability of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in turbulent environments and technology. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire structured and validated in 2020 by the Latin American Studies Network in Management and Business (RELAYN, its abbreviation in Spanish) was applied to 401 directors of MSEs located in the neighborhoods of Candelaria, Bosa, Puente Aranda, and Tunjuelito in Bogota. For the development of this research, a correlational analysis is made, evaluating the degree of association between the variables of perception of knowledge and use of technologies and the increase in sales, increase in profit, and reduction of risk of closure of the establishment. The results show an association between the components of technology with the increase in sales, increase in profit, and reduction of risk of closure of the establishment.
Sanità, etica e austerità
Authors: Fiori Angelo , Sgreccia Elio
Published: March 2022

Non disponibile
Congenital problems of mucociliary clearance: primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Rimmer Joanne
Published: March 2022

Mucociliary clearance is a primary defence mechanism of the airway that can be altered in congenital diseases such as primary ciliary dyskinesia and cystic fibrosis, as well as acquired conditions. This article focuses on primary ciliary dyskinesia and the diagnostic approach to it, which is still evolving.
Квантовая адиабатическая теорема с регуляризацией энергетической щели
Authors: Ilin Nikolay Borisovich
Published: March 2022

Динамика нестационарной квантовой системы, гамильтониан которой явно зависит от времени, называется адиабатической, если ее состояние, совпадающее с собственным состоянием гамильтониана в начальный момент времени, остается близко к этому собственному состоянию в течение всей эволюции. При этом степень такой близости зависит от малости параметра, определяющего скорость изменения гамильтониана. Обычно считается, что один из факторов, играющих решающую роль для стабильности адиабатической динамики, - это структура спектра гамильтониана. Как утверждает квантовая адиабатическая теорема в своей обычной формулировке, отклонение от адиабатической эволюции можно оценить сверху отношением скорости изменения гамильтониана к минимальному расстоянию между энергией состояния, которое аппроксимирует адиабатическую динамику, и остальным спектром гамильтониана. Проводится анализ этой зависимости. Доказаны теоремы, показывающие, что на эффективность адиабатической аппроксимации больше влияет скорость изменения собственных векторов гамильтониана, чем динамика спектра. В подавляющем большинстве физически осмысленных случаев оказывается, что если мы можем контролировать динамику собственных векторов, то этого достаточно для обеспечения адиабатичности вне зависимости от динамики спектра как таковой.
Chalcidoid Parasitoids of Chromatomyia horticola (Gouraiu) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on Field Sunflower in Turkey
Authors: ARISOY Nusret , GENÇER Lütfiye
Published: March 2022

Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau, 1851) (Diptera:Agromyzidae) is a polyphagous species and very common worldwide. In this study, parasitoids of  Chromatomyia horticola were investigated on sunflower (Hellianthus annuus) during 2017-2018 in the Kayseri province. Infested leaves were sampled weekly and kept in the laboratory to observe and count emerging leafminers and parasitoids. Ten species were identified from Chalcidoidea superfamily. Among these parasitoids: 1 species belonging to Eupelmidae family, 6 species belonging to Eulophidae family, 1 species belonging to Mymaridae family and 2 species belonging to Pteromalidae family were identified. These species; Eupelmus urozonus (Dalman, 1820), Neochrysocharis chlorogaster (Erdös, 1966), Neochrysocharis clara (Szelenyi, 1977), Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood, 1833), Pediobius metallicus (Nees, 1834), Diglyphus iseae (Walkerotal, 1838), Pronotalia sp. (Gradwell, 1957), Cyrtogaster vulgaris (Walker, 1833), Sphegigaster brevicornis (Walker, 1833), Mymaridae sp.(Haliday,1833) . Among these species, Diglyphus iseae, Pediobius metallicus and Neochrysocharis formosa were identified as having the highest densities. When evaluated in both years, Diglyphus iseae was identified as the important parasitoid of agromyzides in Kayseri. In addition, Eupelmus urozonus  and Pronotalia sp. have been identified as a new parasitoid species for Chromatomyia horticola.

Keywords: Chalcidoidea, parasitoid, Hellianthus annuus, Chromatomyia horticola, Agromyzidae, Kayseri
Organik Gübre ve Bor Uygulamalarının Mayıs Papatyası (Matricaria recutita L.)’ nın Fide Gelişimi ve Biyokimyasal Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: YOLCİ Muhammed Said , TUNÇTÜRK Rüveyde , TUNÇTÜRK Murat
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada; mayıs papatyası (Matricaria recutita)’ nın büyüme ve biyokimyasal parametreleri üzerine bor dozlarının (0=kontrol, 5, 10, 20 mM) ve bazı organik sıvı yaprak gübre (OG0=kontrol, OG1, OG2 ve OG3) uygulamalarının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme, Tesadüf Parselleri Deneme Deseni’ne göre faktöriyel düzende 4 tekerrürlü olarak kontrollü iklim kabininde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada; fide ve kök uzunlukları, fide ve kök yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları, klorofil a, klorofil b, toplam klorofil, toplam karotenoid, MDA (lipid peroksidasyon), yaprak alanı ve sıcaklığı parametreleri incelenmiştir. Bor dozlarının artışına bağlı olarak; tüm fide gelişim parametreleri ile yaprak alanı, klorofil b ve toplam karotenoid gibi fizyolojik parametrelerin negatif yönde etkilendiği, yaprak sıcaklığı ve MDA değerlerinin ise arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, organik gübre uygulamaları kontrol ile kıyaslandığında çoğu parametrede artışların olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Karasal İklimde Yetiştirilen İkinci Ürün Mısırın Silaj Verimi Üzerine Deniz Yosunu Uygulamasının Etkisi
Authors: ZORER ÇELEBİ Şeyda , AĞIRAĞAÇ Zübeyir
Published: March 2022

Vejetasyon süresi kısa olan ekolojilerde artan gıda ihtiyacını karşılayabilmek için yüksek verim potansiyeline sahip bitkileri ürün desenine almak ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak zorunludur. Deniz yosunu tarımsal sürdürülebilirliği destekleyen organik gübrelerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kısa vejetasyona sahip Van ekolojisinde ikinci ürün mısır yetiştirme olanaklarına deniz yosununun etkisini belirlemektir. Deneme 2019-2020 yıllarında Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarla Bitlileri Bölümü deneme alanında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada Tuano, Klips ve Simpatico mısır çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. İkinci ürün koşullarında ekilen çeşitlere deniz yosunu uygulaması ve kontrol muamelesi yapılmıştır. Bulgular deniz yosunu uygulamasının kontrole göre bitkilerin morfolojik gelişimlerini arttırdığını göstermiştir. En yüksek bitki boyu yaş ot verimi ve sap çapı Tuano çeşidinde deniz yosunu uygulaması ile sırasıyla 281.7 cm, 6421.8 kg/da 28.2 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. En düşük değerler ise Simpatico çeşidinin kontrol uygulamasından alınmıştır. Deniz yosunu uygulaması bitkinin yaprak oranını arttırırken sap oranını azaltmıştır. En yüksek yaprak oranı Tuano çeşidinden deniz yosunu uygulaması ile %25.5 olarak alınırken en yüksek sap oranı Klips çeşidinden kontrol grubundan %48.6 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bütün çeşitlerde deniz yosunu uygulaması ile protein miktarı artış göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, karasal iklimin hakim olduğu Van ekolojisinde Tuano çeşidi en yüksek hasıl verime sahip olmuştur. Araştırmada kullanılan tüm çeşitlerin deniz yosunu uygulaması ile verimleri artmıştır.
Hidroponik Yöntem Kullanılarak Kaba Yem Üretiminde Sıcaklık ve Nem Takibi için Nesnelerin İnterneti Kullanımı
Authors: BÖBREK Ahmet
Published: March 2022

Dünyada artan nüfusla beraber gıda talebi de artmaktadır. İklim değişikliği ve su kaynaklarının azalması gibi nedenlerle yoğun üretim yapılmasına rağmen gıda arzı yetersiz kalmaktadır. Hayvansal gıda ihtiyacının karşılanması için sektörün temel girdilerinden biri olan yem üretim tekniklerinde daha verimli yöntemler araştırılmaktadır. Üretim arayışları sonucunda tercih edilen yöntemlerden birisi hidroponik yöntem ile kaba yem üretimidir. Dikey tarımı ile daha dar üretim alanlarında daha çok üretim yapılabilmekte ve kaynak kullanımında %90’ları aşan tasarruf sağlanmaktadır. Hidroponik yöntem ile kaba yem üretiminde yem bitkilerinin tohumları çimlendirilerek 6-8 gün aralığında yeşil olarak hayvan beslemede kullanılmaktadır. Tohumların çimlendirilmesinde çok az miktarda normal su veya besinli su kullanılmaktadır. Hidroponik yöntemle üretilen hasılın hayvan beslenmesine uygun olduğu araştırmalardan anlaşılmaktadır. Hidroponik sistemlerde sıcaklık ve nem arasında sürekli bir dengenin sağlanması gereklidir. Yem üretimi için kurulan sistemlerde sıcaklık nem dengesinin iyi ayarlanamaması nedeniyle küflenmeler yaşanabilmektedir. Araştırmalarda küflenmenin yem kalitesini azalttığı hatta hayvanların ölümüne bile neden olabildiği belirtilmektedir. Yem üretiminde çok büyük bir ihtiyaca cevap veren kapalı üretim sistemlerinde uygulanan tüm işlemlerin hassas bir şekilde kontrol edilmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışma kapsamında hidroponik yöntemle kaba yem üretiminde nem ölçüm hatalarının azaltılmasına çalışılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen ölçüm donanımı ile alınan ölçüm verileri sayısal filtreler kullanılarak işlenmiştir. Yeterli veri elde edildiğinde yapay zekâ çalışmalarında kullanılarak farklı yem bitkilerinin tohum çimlendirilmesi üzerine araştırmalar yapılabilecektir.
Bu çalışma kapsamında hidroponik yöntemle kaba yem üretiminde nem ölçüm hatalarının azaltılmasına çalışılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen ölçüm donanımı ile alınan ölçüm verileri sayısal filtreler kullanılarak işlenmiştir. Yeterli veri elde edildiğinde yapay zekâ çalışmalarında kullanılarak farklı yem bitkilerinin tohum çimlendirilmesi üzerine araştırmalar yapılabilecektir.
Domates Fidesi Yetiştiriciliğinde En Uygun Besin Solüsyonunun Belirlenmesi
Authors: AYAZ Özgür Umut , YAŞAR Fikret , ÜZAL Özlem
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmasında, farklı besin solüsyonlarının domates fidesi yetiştiriciliğinde uygulayarak, domates fidelerinin büyüme parametrelerine bakılmıştır. Çalışma torf + perlit karışımında yetiştirilen Bandita F1 hibrit domates çeşidi bitkilerine uygulanan farklı besin eriyiği reçetelerinin uygulamaları sonucunda oluşan fidelerde en iyi, kaliteli ve en pişkin fidenin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma üç aşamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Birinci aşamada domates tohumları torf perlit karışımı bulunan viyollere ekilmiş, çimlenene kadar saf su ile sulanmıştır. İkinci aşamada yedi farklı besin solüsyonu uygulaması ile sulanmıştır. Yedi farklı besin reçetesinden kontrol grubu ticari gübre, diğerleri hoagland çözeltisine göre N, B ve Mg’un sabit tutulup P, K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu ve Zn’nun farklı konsantrasyonlarda kademeli olarak arttırılarak hazırlanmıştır. Üçüncü aşamada dikim olgunluğuna gelen fidelerin bitki ağırlığı, yaprak ağırlığı, gövde ağırlığı, yaprak sayısı, gövde çapı, gövde boyu, boğum arası mesafe, kök ağırlıkları ölçülmüştür. Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda, en kaliteli, iyi ve pişkin fidenin; N (186 ppm), P (35 ppm), K (237.4 ppm), Mg (49.28 ppm), Ca (180 ppm), Fe (3 ppm), Mn (0.037 ppm), B (0.205 ppm), Cu (0.020 ppm) ve Zn (0.030 ppm) olduğu besin reçetesi olan üçüncü uygulamada yetiştiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Çalışma üç aşamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Birinci aşamada domates tohumları torf perlit karışımı bulunan viyollere ekilmiş, çimlenene kadar saf su ile sulanmıştır. İkinci aşamada yedi farklı besin solüsyonu uygulaması ile sulanmıştır. Yedi farklı besin reçetesinden kontrol grubu ticari gübre, diğerleri hoagland çözeltisine göre N, B ve Mg’un sabit tutulup P, K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu ve Zn’nun farklı konsantrasyonlarda kademeli olarak arttırılarak hazırlanmıştır. Üçüncü aşamada dikim olgunluğuna gelen fidelerin bitki ağırlığı, yaprak ağırlığı, gövde ağırlığı, yaprak sayısı, gövde çapı, gövde boyu, boğum arası mesafe, kök ağırlıkları ölçülmüştür. Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda, en kaliteli, iyi ve pişkin fidenin; N (186 ppm), P (35 ppm), K (237.4 ppm), Mg (49.28 ppm), Ca (180 ppm), Fe (3 ppm), Mn (0.037 ppm), B (0.205 ppm), Cu (0.020 ppm) ve Zn (0.030 ppm) olduğu besin reçetesi olan üçüncü uygulamada yetiştiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Using Soft Sets for a Parametric Assessment of Problem Solving Skills
Authors: Voskoglou Michael GR.
Published: March 2022

Volumes of research have been written about problem solving, which is one of the most important components of the human cognition that affects our lives for ages. In this work soft sets are used as means for obtaining a qualitative assessment of problem solving skills and of Case-Based Reasoning systems’ performance. The concept of soft set is a generalization of Zadeh’s fuzzy sets introduced by Molodstov in 1999 as a new mathematical tool for dealing with the existing in real world uncertainty in a parametric manner.
A Formal Verification Based on Yu-Cao Delayed Chaotic Neural Network
Authors: Huang Chi , Liu Chenglian , Cai Yueyang , Chen Sonia C-I , Ji Xiaofei
Published: March 2022

Yu and Cao proposed “Cryptography based on delayed chaotic neural networks” in 2006. However, in 2009, Yang et al. pointed out the Yu-Cao scheme can not against chosen plaintext attack. Liu et al. studies exclusiveor logical operation very well, and provided Boolean algebra proofs in 2012. Ye et al. used Liu et al.’s method to reinterpret and analyze Yu-Cao scheme in 2018. In this paper the authors would like to give a formal verification by Galois field expression on the exclusive-or operation problem again. As this result, it makes more effective insecure to Yu-Cao algorithm.
O papel da regeneração natural assistida para acelerar a restauração de paisagens e florestas: experiências práticas ao redor do mundo
Authors: Alves Julio , Oliveira Mariana , Chazdon Robin , Calmon Miguel , Pinto Andreia , Darvin Eduardo , Pereira Bruna
Published: March 2022

Às vezes, a natureza precisa da nossa ajuda para se recuperar. Uma estratégia de restauração conhecida como regeneração natural assistida (RNA) procura remover os agentes da degradação ambiental, como desmatamento e incêndios, para facilitar e acelerar o processo de regeneração da vegetação. A RNA costuma apresentar custos menores de implementação, quando comparados a outras estratégias, e a capacidade de funcionar em pequena, média e grande escala espacial, abrangendo de projetos locais liderados por agricultoras e agricultores até programas de pagamento por serviços ambientais em nível estadual. Essa nota prática analisou 24 casos de implementação de RNA, 15 no Brasil e 9 em outros países, para identificar os fatores-chave que desencadeiam experiências de sucesso nesses projetos. Com objetivo de catalisar ações para a restauração de paisagens e florestas (RPF), as lições aprendidas podem subsidiar o planejamento e implementação de novos projetos de RNA no Brasil e no mundo.
The Effect of different Types of Organic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Vegetable Plants
Authors: Watban Huda Hassan Aziz
Published: March 2022

From interfaces to farming organically, she is system comprehensive for production. She depends on administration and perpetuates the system's environmental nature instead of relying on flow inputs (fertilizers, material manufacturers) so she puts effects on social, health, and environmental potential into consideration. During cancellation, use all that is industrial from fertilizers, pesticides, and organizations' growth and replace it with what is natural and available in the environment. During rotation, natural resources are available, such as waste animals of all kinds and the remains of vegans. That addition waste Organic to me the soil He increases From Subject Organic In which an increase From Prepare Biology microscopic and its activity as well Working On addition food elements for soil in the form of continuous Than Restores balance for items food In which The objective of the article: is to compile scientific material on organic fertilizers and their importance for vegetable plants and to highlight some of the studies that I dealt with.
A look into the correlation between Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and physical activity
Authors: Osman Hassan I. , Salaheldeen Shahd
Published: March 2022

Depression is an issue that faces humanity. It carries a high suicide rate as well as a very high morbidity rate. Combating depression is a deed that is bestowed upon metal health workers. A plethora of approaches to depression exist. Many of them being pharmaceutical in nature. The authors of this paper understand that these options are not always available to everyone and, ergo, decided to conduct a review article which explores the effects of exercise on depression. This research has showed that physical activity has significant positive effects on mental health in general (namely, depression and anxiety). This effect seems rather comparable to that of SSRIs. This is of importance as it illustrates the need for the immediate implementation of physical activity in their treatment modules to combat depression in our mental health institutes.
muro e o medo
Authors: Melo Junior Silvio , Trigueiro Edja , Canuto Robson
Published: March 2022

Neste estudo, de natureza essencialmente morfológica, buscou-se compreender nexos entre forma do ambiente construído e indícios de insegurança. Contextualiza-se a investigação no histórico de ocupação do caso estudado, o bairro de Boa Viagem, Recife, Pernambuco, do início do século XX às intervenções viárias em 2016, com foco na inserção da Via Mangue. Procedimentos metodológicos incluíram, além da revisão bibliográfica, o registro de indícios de insegurança evidenciados em elementos acoplados aos edifícios (câmeras, cercas eletrificadas, outros), vis-à-vis alterações nos campos visuais e na configuração viária, explorada mediante o emprego de Análise Sintática do Espaço. A revisão de literatura revelou lacunas quanto à inclusão da variável visibilidade em estudos de espaço e insegurança, o que encorajou o desenvolvimento de técnicas analíticas experimentais complementares às preexistentes – VGA, Isovistas 2D e 3D. Os resultados sugerem que o recrudescimento no emprego de artifícios de distanciamento entre espaço privado e espaço público – indícios de insegurança – demonstra uma atitude de desconfiança em relação ao aumento de movimento potencial, decorrente da elevação dos valores de acessibilidade topológica, o afastamento dos princípios de desenho urbano recomendados como favoráveis à segurança e animação, e a escalada na propagação de ambientes hostis à fruição da cidade.
Study of Sleep Behaviour of Adolescent Athletes Sports School Malaysia Sabah
Authors: Abd Rahim Hafizah , Zawi Mohd Khairi
Published: March 2022

Many athletes do not realize that sleep is one of the necessary elements in their daily routine as athletes. For this reason, most athletes often neglect and do not practice good sleep behaviors in helping athletes to get quality sleep. This study was conducted to identify the sleep behavior of SSMS athletes and look at the differences in the sleep behavior of athletes based on age and also the level of athlete involvement and performance in sports.  A total of 152 respondents were involved in this study. This study used the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) which is a survey specifically designed to survey and evaluate the sleep behavioral characteristics of athletes. Significant difference F (2, 149) = 6.148, p = .003. Tukey HSD showed a significant mean score difference between the group of 13 to 15 years (M = 2.07, SP = 0.489) and the group of 18 years and above (M = 2.39, SP = 0.382) with a p value of .002.
TRADUÇÃO AO PORTUGUÊS DO 4º CAPÍTULO DO ENQUIRY DE WHITEHEAD: CONGRUÊNCIA
Authors: Ferreira Martins Rafael
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho consiste na apresentação da pioneira primeira tradução ao português do capítulo 4 “Congruência” (Congruence). Este capítulo é oriundo da parte 1 “As Tradições da Ciência” (The Traditions of Science), que integra a obra “Um Inquérito Concernente aos Princípios do Conhecimento Natural” (An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Natural Knowledge) – livro escrito pelo matemático e filósofo Alfred North Whitehead (1861 a 1947) na segunda década do século XX e publicado pela Editora da Universidade de Cambridge em 1919 (atualmente em domínio público). A justificativa para esta tradução é dada pela relevância da obra original, o livro que aborda mais amplamente a Filosofia da Física e mais profundamente o entendimento de Física do autor em sua primeira fase filosófica ampla. No capítulo aqui traduzido, especificamente, Whitehead expõe uma reflexão crítica acerca do conceito de simultaneidade na Física de Einstein, uma discussão sobre a congruência dos eventos e, em conclusão, apresenta o lugar do reconhecimento na produção do conhecimento científico. A fonte do texto original, utilizada para o trabalho de tradução, foi a versão digitalizada e disponibilizada online, para livre uso, pela Biblioteca da Universidade da Califórnia.