bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminology characteristics of a person who commits smuggling transplant organs and other human anatomical materials
Authors: Subot N.I.
Published: August 2024

The article provides a detailed analysis of the complex dynamics involved in criminal offences related to transplant medicine. The authors conduct an in-depth examination of the psychological, social, and economic factors that drive individuals to engage in organ smuggling.
Emphasis is placed on the characteristics of individuals with medical education or connections in the medical field, and their ability to organize and carry out such operations with high levels of professionalism and planning. Additionally, the article highlights the importance of understanding these criminal offences in developing effective strategies to combat organ smuggling and prevent similar actions in the medical field.
The study considers ethical, legal, and moral aspects, fostering a discussion on ethical principles and legality in this sphere, emphasizing the necessity of adhering to medical-legal norms to ensure the safety and ethicality of medical practices.
The conclusion drawn is that individuals committing criminal offenses related to organ trafficking and smuggling of human anatomical materials typically exhibit a complex psychological and ethical profile. They may demonstrate pronounced moral disorientation, amoral beliefs, and limited empathy, given their involvement in criminal activities that have serious consequences for others. Moreover, such individuals may possess advanced organizational skills and self-assurance, as organ and anatomical material smuggling require a high level of professionalism and strategic planning. Additionally, these individuals may demonstrate advanced organizational skills and self-confidence, as organ and anatomical material smuggling necessitate a high level of professionalism and meticulous planning. A comprehensive analysis of the criminological characteristics of these individuals is essential for understanding the nature and evolution of this form of criminality and for developing robust strategies to counter and prevent such activities effectively.
Criminal offense as criminal-legal feature of a victim
Authors: Tkachenko I.
Published: August 2024

It is indicated that the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in contrast to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, lacks a legal definition of such an important feature of a significant part of criminal offenses, the grounds of criminal responsibility for which are established in the national law on criminal responsibility, as the victim. In view of the above, both in the theory of criminal law and in law enforcement, in certain cases, problems arise with the recognition of certain persons (primarily individuals and legal entities) as victims in the criminal sense.
The article examines the problematic issues related to the criminal offense as a criminal-legal feature of a victim.
It has been established that victim is primarily and usually a person who has been harmed or threatened by a criminal offense. Situations of causing physical or legal harm by other socially dangerous acts provided for by the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, committed by an innocent person or a person who has not reached the age from which criminal responsibility can arise, as well as within the circumstances that exclude the criminal illegality of the act, are considered.
It is argued that the selection of individuals and legal entities, which have been harmed by socially dangerous actions of an unconvinced person, has no criminal legal significance. At the same time, the cases of committing relevant socially dangerous acts against certain individuals or legal entities by a person who has not reached the age from which criminal liability arises for the application of separate coercive measures of an educational nature are of such importance. The ways of solving the problem of identifying persons who have been harmed as a result of committing socially dangerous acts by unconvinced persons or persons who have not reached the age from which criminal responsibility arises are outlined.
It was concluded that it is necessary to harmonize the provisions of Art. 55 and p. 5 part 3 of Art. 56 of the Criminal Procedure Code in the context of criminal procedural understanding of the victim.
It is proved that a criminal offense as a criminal- legal feature of a victim takes place from the moment of its completion, and not the conviction of the guilty party for its commission. In the case of an attempt to commit a criminal offense, a person can be recognized as a victim both in the criminal law and in the criminal procedural plane.
About the socio-legal nature of administrative supervision in Ukraine and the need to expand its scope in the conditions of martial law
Authors: Yavtushenko A.M.
Published: August 2024

This scientific article clarifies the social essence and legal purpose of such a type of state coercion, which is applied on the basis of a court decision in relation to persons released from places of deprivation of liberty, as administrative supervision.
In particular, it was established that the necessity of carrying out the said coercive measures is due to the need to ensure safe living conditions for the population of those administrative-territorial units (populations) where ex-convicts arrive to live.
In addition, it was determined that the main criterion for applying administrative supervision to persons released from closed penal institutions is their increased public danger and high potential ability to commit new (recidivism and other) crimes after release.
Based on this and taking into account the current state of functioning of Ukraine in the conditions of open military aggression by the Russian Federation, the need to expand the list of objects of state coercion specified in the Law of Ukraine «On Administrative Supervision of Persons Released from Places of Imprisonment» has also been proven.
Among them, in particular, it is proposed to include such of them as: «criminal authorities», including so-called «thieves in law», state traitors, collaborators and members of organized criminal groups.
It has been proven that this approach is based on the fact that both during the serving of punishments determined by the court and after release from them in accordance with the procedure established in the current Criminal Code (CPC) of Ukraine (Articles 74-87), as practice shows, as a rule, they do not stop their criminal activity and influence on social relations, including by involving in the commission of offenses not only previously convicted persons, but also youth and other socially vulnerable categories of the population.
Taking into account the results of the research, it was established that in the context of the dynamics of changes in social relations, state measures for their protection and protection should be increased, including through the use of administrative supervision of new categories of persons released from prisons.
Criminal-legal and criminal-procedural status of the victim
Authors: Bilinska L.V.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the criminal-legal and criminal-procedural status of the victim. For a person who does not have a legal education, this often becomes another test, in connection with which it is important to properly regulate the status of the victim both in criminal law and in the criminal process. The legal status of the victim under the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine differs in many respects, despite the fact that the nature of such status is the same.
The peculiarities of acquiring the status of a victim in criminal law and criminal procedural law are revealed. It is emphasized that a person acquires the status of a victim in criminal law from the moment a criminal offense is committed against him, and a person acquires the status of a victim in criminal procedural law only of his own free will, if he submits a corresponding statement. Regarding acquiring the status of a victim in criminal proceedings, there are two options here - either the person himself initiates criminal proceedings regarding the offense committed against him, or the proceedings are initiated at the request of another person, and the victim later submits an application to involve him in the proceedings as a victim.
Based on the results of the judicial practice research, it is argued that the fact of not involving a person as a victim in the proceedings can be challenged only when such a refusal is duly formalized - by a resolution on refusal to recognize a victim.
It is argued that the criminal legal sphere requires the protection of the rights and interests of the person who suffered from a criminal offense. The proposal to guarantee the right to free legal aid for victims on the same level as suspects accused at the expense of the state, regardless of their property status, is supported.
The content of the category «a person who suffered from domestic violence» is disclosed. According to the results of the analysis of the provisions of the criminal and criminal procedural legislation, it is substantiated that a person who suffered from domestic violence can not to acquire the criminal procedural status of the victim (if, for example, he does not want it), but restrictive measures against the offender can be applied in his interests.
Ways of committing cruel treatment of prisoners of war and civilian population
Authors: Burnos O.O.
Published: August 2024

It is indicated that cruel treatment of prisoners of war and civilians is a war crime and a gross violation of legal norms within the limits of both domestic and international legislation. At the same time, among the criminal offenses committed by the Rashists in the occupied territories, such acts are the most massive and cause the most victims.
In the article, based on the analysis of empirical and scientific sources, the methods of committing cruel treatment of prisoners of war and civilian population are established and researched. It is emphasized that forensic characterization of a crime is an important component of investigation methodology, and a method of commission, as a key element of forensic characterization, reveals close correlations with its other components. Thus, the methods and features of the actions of racist war criminals were largely determined by the situation of the military conflict: after the first defeats at the front, the actions of the Russian military took on a particularly brutal and mass character. Depending on the motivation of criminal’s actions, the following methods of cruel treatment of prisoners of war and civilian population were found: use of physical and/or psychological violence during the illegal seizure of victims’ property; torture and torture during interrogations and searches; actions aimed at suppressing the resistance of the local population; murders for the purpose of concealing traces of other crimes; sexual violence; illegal deprivation of liberty. It was established that the cruel treatment of prisoners of war and civilian population can be manifested both in actions (torture, physical, sexual, psychological violence, etc.) and inaction (failure to provide adequate conditions of detention, failure to provide necessary medical care, lack of access to food, drinking water and toilet, etc.). It was concluded that the method of committing and the level of brutality of the crimes was determined by the subject composition of the russian military units, in particular, the most aggressively and cruelly behaved military personnel - natives of the North Caucasus, Far Eastern and Siberian regions of russia.
Problems of protecting the rights of a person whose actions are under pre-trial investigation before being notified of suspicion
Authors: Horinetskyy Y.I. , Nesterova I.A. , Replyuk N.M.
Published: August 2024

Current Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine 2012 (hereinafter - the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine) significantly changed the procedure for bringing a person to criminal responsibility, excluding such a concept as «violation of a criminal case». The article is devoted to the analysis of problematic issues related to the protection of the rights of a person whose actions are under pre-trial investigation before being notified of suspicion. A review of the articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regulating the stages of criminal proceedings, the implementation of criminal prosecution’s function, the beginning of a pre-trial investigation, entering information about a criminal offense into the Unified Register of Pretrial Investigations, a person acquiring the status of a suspect, serving a notice of suspicion as a procedural document was carried out there. The rights that a person enjoys upon acquiring the procedural status of a suspect have been analyzed there, in particular, to know what criminal offense a person is suspected or accused of committing; at the first request to have a defense attorney and to have the opportunity to meet with him; not to say anything about the suspicion against him or to refuse to answer questions at any time; demand verification of the reasonableness of detention; collect and submit evidence to the investigator, prosecutor, investigating judge; to participate in procedural actions; to appeal decisions, actions and inaction of the investigator, prosecutor, investigating judge. A person whose act is under pre-trial investigation does not acquire such rights before being notified of suspicion, as they are exclusively related to acquiring the status of a suspect. And this, in turn, leads to illegal and unjustified restrictions on person’s rights and freedoms. Also, it is problematic to involve such a person in conducting investigative (search) actions during a pre-trial investigation. It is necessary to enshrine in the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine a norm according to which such a person, on the basis of his statement before being officially notified of the suspicion, will be considered a suspect with the presence of all the procedural rights that is necessary for his rights’ protection.
Novelisation of proving in criminal proceedings involving juvenile victims and witnesses
Authors: Zinkovskyy I.P.
Published: August 2024

The article analyses the provisions of the Procedure for Implementation of the Pilot Project for the Implementation of International Standards for Child-Friendly Justice in Practice, which formulated 100 standards relating to proceedings involving minors. The author classifies these standards in terms of their correlation with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to a child­friendly environment, as well as to interrogation, examination and collection of biological samples, and participation of a psychologist in procedural actions. The author considers video recording during investigative (detective) actions with the participation of a minor (victim, suspect) with his/her consent. The author analyses the conduct of examinations with the participation of a child, in particular, the possibilities of limiting the child’s participation in this research, except in situations of necessity, as provided for in the Procedure for Implementing the Pilot Project for the Implementation of International Standards for Child-Friendly Justice in Practice. It is concluded that the provisions of the Procedure are: 1) detailing the general rights of the victim in criminal proceedings in the context of the best interests of the child and 2) prescribing actions that are not mandatory in the CPC of Ukraine, but are in line with international child rights standards. Despite the undoubted progressive nature of the procedure for ensuring the best interests of the child, there are provisions that may cause different interpretations and applications. In particular, the provision of Standard 26 does not correlate with Part 2 and Part 7 of Article 55 of the CPC of Ukraine; it is not defined in what status a psychologist should be questioned; the form of the psychologist’s recommendations needs to be clarified. The application of the high standard of «reliable information and obvious grounds» for the appointment of a psychiatric examination may lead to the non-appointment of an examination if the mental illness or mental retardation is not obvious and the information about it is undoubted. In addition, the provision of Standard 38 needs to be clarified, as its wording suggests that in case of voluntary action, the participation of a legal representative is not required, and such an interpretation contradicts Article 227 of the CPC of Ukraine.
The genesis of the development of the institute of evidence and admissibility of evidence
Authors: Melnychuk Y.L.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the historical development of the institute of evidence and admissibility of evidence. The study found that the admissibility of evidence was not known to the legislator in the times of Kievan Rus, and was, in fact, replaced by the admissibility of evidence sources, which were subject to certain requirements. The first legislative attempt to develop and incorporate rules on the admissibility of evidence into criminal procedure was made in the Russian Empire during the Judicial Reform of 1864.
Until the beginning of the XX century, the reformed criminal procedure was based on the public principles of justice. The abandonment of the investigative process based on the theory of formal evidence as a result of the bourgeois democratic reform of 1864 led to the emergence of an adversarial principle: a jury trial was introduced; the accused was no longer an object of investigation aimed at confessing guilt with the admission of torture; the prosecution and defense were equal. However, certain private-law principles remained (for example, private prosecution cases). For the court, internal conviction became the basis for evaluating evidence. A new concept of proof in criminal proceedings was developed.
Soviet criminal procedure practically abandoned any rules on the admissibility of evidence. One cannot but agree with the statement that the criminal procedure legislation of the Soviet period was characterized by a reduction of the formal rules of admissibility of evidence. The notion of admissibility of evidence was transferred from the legal plane to the political plane. The CPC of 1960, like its predecessors, did not regulate the issue of admissibility of evidence in any way. It did not contain a provision stating that evidence obtained in violation of the law had no legal force. The situation improved after Ukraine gained independence. The judicial reform made it possible to ensure the protection of human and civil rights in criminal proceedings at a progressive European level, and the process itself became truly competitive and public in accordance with the requirements set forth by Ukrainian society and professional international institutions. The new Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in 2012 introduced significant changes to the conduct of cognitive activities aimed at obtaining evidence to establish the truth in criminal proceedings. A separate article on «Admissibility of Evidence» was included in the CPC. It states that: firstly, evidence is recognized as admissible if it is obtained in accordance with the procedure established by the CPC of Ukraine; secondly, inadmissible evidence cannot be used in making procedural decisions, and the court cannot refer to it when making a court decision.
The place of a witness in criminal proceedings in Ukraine
Authors: Chepel O.V. , Chernetskyi S.S.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the place and role of a witness in the criminal procedure of Ukraine. It is established that a witness plays an extremely important role in ensuring a prompt, complete and impartial investigation. By taking an active position, witnesses can provide significant assistance in improving the effectiveness of such actions. The «power» of a witness lies in the «strength» of his or her testimony, in the ability to influence a decision in favor of the party involved in the case. In different time periods, the «power» of witness testimony, which directly depended on the witness’s place in society, changed, it had different explanations and legislative regulation. This dependence is so deeply rooted in social psychology that it still has a significant impact on judicial practice. The procedural activity of a witness in criminal proceedings is a prerequisite for clarifying all the circumstances of a criminal offense during the pre-trial investigation and for the court to make a lawful, reasonable and fair judgment. From the theoretical point of view, a witness belongs to the group of subjects of criminal procedure who facilitate the criminal justice process.
The author offers her own definition of the category «witness» which should be contained in Part 1 of Article 65 of the CPC of Ukraine: «A witness is a person who may be aware of any information about the circumstances relevant to criminal proceedings and subject to proof, and who is involved in the process as a witness in accordance with the procedure established by law». Thus, not every person who knows or may know the circumstances to be proved in criminal proceedings is a witness, but only the one who is called as a witness to testify.
The study proves that witnesses participate not only in interrogation; they may also participate in other investigative (detective) actions while maintaining their procedural status.
The activities of Ukrainian lawyers and the self-government bodies of lawyers in the context of a full-scale invasion of the rf
Authors: Zaborovskyy V.V. , Manzyuk V.V. , Revutska I.E.
Published: August 2024

This article reveals the issues related to the peculiarities of the professional activity of Ukrainian lawyers (the main areas of such activity are analyzed) and the self-government bodies of lawyers in the conditions of armed aggression of the Russian Federation. Attention is focused on the main directions of the work of the NAAU and other bodies of the self-government of lawyers in terms of helping lawyers both in their professional activities and in their everyday life in the conditions of war.
The position is argued according to which the full-scale war affected the professional activity of every Ukrainian lawyer, and most of them began to carry out their activities according to the rules of wartime, providing legal assistance in the category of cases that are a consequence of the military aggression of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that the spheres of such activity are both ensuring the realization of social and economic rights of individuals, compensation for damages caused as a result of military operations, and providing legal assistance in cases related to the commission of criminal offenses against peace, security and international legal order, in particular, regarding the recording of facts related to this type of criminal offenses and the collection of the relevant evidence base. It is pointed out the active use by lawyers of the application «EyeWitness to Atrocities», created at the initiative of the International Association of Lawyers and the platform «warcrimes.gov.ua» - by the Office of the Prosecutor General together with Ukrainian and international partners.
Attention is also focused on the activities of the self-government bodies of lawyers in the conditions of war. It is concluded that such bodies have organized and carried out a significant number of various types of activities, both in terms of improving the qualifications of lawyers in solving issues of protecting the rights and interests of both servicemen and citizens in war conditions, and in collecting charitable assistance for the material support of lawyers and their families. who need it. Attention is also drawn to the activities of the Board of Trustees, which was created under the National Association of Lawyers of Ukraine.
Hiroshima AI Process
Authors: Hachkevych A.
Published: August 2024

The focus of this study is on the Hiroshima AI Process. It ranks among the most important AI global governance initiatives in recent years. Over the course of the 2023 year G7 states discussed current issues of AI regulations and adopted a number of documents. Among them are those that lay the foundations of a comprehensive policy framework on AI and are recommended for implementation by the relevant actors in this field.
The author investigated the Hiroshima AI Process as a separate phenomenon from the standpoint of the influence of international cooperation on the development of AI. He examined a few documents reflecting current trends in AI governance. Those include the Takasaki Ministerial Declaration with the results of the meeting of Digital and Tech Ministers, The Hiroshima Process International Guiding Principles for Organizations Developing Advanced AI Systems, as well as the Report “Towards a G7 Common Understanding on Generative AI”.
The author’s interest in this global governance initiative is largely explained by the fact that the positions of highly developed states with their own vision of AI policy and AI regulations were agreed upon and reflected after the discussions. The documents prepared will have a significant impact on the domain of AI far beyond the borders of G7 states, given their important role in law and policy making processes at the global level.
Subsequently in the study of the Hiroshima AI Process the author revealed that international cooperation with the participation of the G7 had established a superstructure for the generally recognized AI principles of trustworthy, accountability, transparency and fairness. On the basis of the analysis of the Ministerial Declaration, a kind of AI G7 road map for international discussions on advanced AI systems has been created. The findings are valuable for both a better understanding of AI global governance and determining the near future prospects for regulations.
The Principle of Publicity in the Mechanism of Exemption from Criminal Liability in Connection with Positive Post-Criminal Behavior
Authors: Azarov Vladimir , Konstantinova Viktoria
Published: August 2024

This work reflects the results of review G.S. Rusman's monograph "The implementation of the principle of publicity in the mechanism of exemption from criminal liability in connection with positive post-criminal behavior" (Moscow, Yurlitinform Publ., 2023). Results. The relevance, theoretical and practical significance of the study are stated. The author's attention is focused on the problematic aspects of this area: the balance of publicity and dispositivity; the implementation of an incentive form of legal proceedings, etc. The formulated conclusions are reasoned, in connection with which the review highly evaluates the monograph.
Underage Corporate Participants
Authors: Temnikova Natalia
Published: August 2024

Children, in accordance with the provisions of Article 60 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation, may have property on the right of ownership, as well as have other rights, in the implementation of which they are assisted by their parents as legal representatives. The child may also be the owner of corporate rights. Traditionally, the right to a share (shares) and rights from a share (shares) are distinguished, and if the issue is clarified with the former, then the latter are practically not covered by Russian legislation in relation to underage participants in Goal corporations. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the implementation of the corporate rights of the child arising from the share (shares). Methodology. In the course of the study, methods of generalization, description, analysis, synthesis, formal legal method were used. Results. It is concluded that the provisions on representation are ignored in terms of compliance of the transaction with the interests of the represented person, as well as the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 64 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation on the consequences of the existence of a conflict of interests of parents and children, but in the latter case, the intervention of the guardianship and guardianship authority, which is declarative. Corporate legislation does not contain special mechanisms for controlling the exercise of corporate rights in the interests of a minor participant. The use of conventional means of control (consent of the guardianship authority) is clearly inappropriate and may block the activities of the corporation.
Efectul modificărilor legislative în materia infracţiunilor contra libertăţii şi integrităţii sexuale asupra consecinţelor răspunderii penale a minorilor
Authors: Lefterache Lavinia Valeria
Published: August 2024

Modificările legislative în materia sancțiunilor prevăzute de lege pentru infracțiunile contra libertății şi integrității sexuale aduc în discuție o controversă în legătură cu sistemul sancționator aplicabil în cazul minorilor. Prevederea de măsuri educative ca sancțiune a infracțiunii incriminate de art. 2181 alin. (1) C. pen. produce mai mult decât o simplă consecință asupra sancționării acestei infracțiuni. Se pune întrebarea dacă prin modalitatea atipică de stabilire a sancțiunii prevăzute de lege a intervenit o veritabilă modificare a regimului sancționator al minorilor sau tehnica de legiferare este o chestiune care, prin interpretarea textelor de lege, conduce la menținerea sistemului sancționator actual. Paradoxal, tocmai prevederea ca sancțiune a măsurii educative, în opoziție cu modul în care sunt individualizate legal măsurile educative, și anume prin raportare la limitele pedepsei prevăzute de lege, reprezintă situația atipică prin care sunt deschise controverse în ceea ce privește modul de sancționare a altor participanți la săvârșirea infracțiunii (subiecți care au depășit vârsta minoratului), cu privire la respectarea egalității în fața legii (între subiecții minori și subiecții majori ai infracțiunii), ori cu privire la coerența legislativă în ierarhizarea sancțiunilor sau cu privire la rezultatul interpretării textelor de lege care, în unele situații, conduce la apariția unei veritabile cauze de nepedepsire a unora dintre participanți (complicii care au împlinit vârsta de 18 ani la data săvârșirii infracțiunii).
Literary Utopias: My Personal Journey
Authors:   University of Bologna, Italy (vita.fortunati@unibo.it), Fortunati Vita
Published: August 2024

In my paper I point out that the study of literary utopias has been and still is a constant focus on my scientific research. It has accompanied me in different historical and political contexts, helping in analysing and interpreting their complexity. The metaphor I use is that of Utopia as a tree with deep roots from which many branches spread out. In my first book on this topic, I suggested that Utopia could be considered on the whole as a literary genre, characterized by a continuous metamorphosis over time and space. Within such a theoretical framework, I addressed how a variety of utopian main themes, i.e. the journey, the island, and the dream, have been treated in pillars of utopian English literature. Eventually, what fascinated me is that Utopia allowed and still allows me to look at major problems and questions of my contemporary time taking a “lateral” perspective and envisaging new, usually unexpected, political horizons.
Utopian Freedom and Value Portrayed in Hegel’s Comic Consciousness and Fictional Behaviorism
Authors:   California State University, United States (abridges@fullerton.edu), Bridges Andrew Lee
Published: August 2024

In this paper I explore the conceptual relatability of Hegel’s description of the Comic Consciousness found in the chapter on “Religion” in his Phenomenology of Spirit to Skinner’s portrayal of a behavioral scientist being tantamount to God, particularly in the fictional behavioral scientist’s ability to create freedom and value in Walden Two. I examine how the Self-Consciousness of the fictional behavioral scientist and the self-consciousness of the Comic Consciousness appear to embody a form of freedom that is able to transcend and create the values of their respective communities. I suggest similarities between these two shapes of self-consciousness and forms of freedom, as well as the disparities between them, express difficulties for understanding freedom and value in the conceptual context of both the idea of utopia and the “death of God.”
The Extravagance of Form in Margaret Cavendish’s The Blazing World
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (carmen.borbely@ubbcluj.ro), Borbély Carmen
Published: August 2024

With its inquiry into the conditions and possibilities of female authorship, Margaret Cavendish’s The Blazing World (1666) tends to be read as a gendered variation on, or a parodic departure from, the Baconian prototype of the early modern politico-scientific utopia. At the same time, the text’s dialogism, formal heterogeneity and self-reflexivity have spurred theoretical claims surrounding utopia as one of the formal precedents sedimented into the bedrock of novelistic fiction. This study takes up some of these arguments and ponders the possibility of exploring Cavendish’s work as an early instancing of the anarchetypal decentredness of novelistic form.
Abortion-Related Anxieties and Colonizing the Female Body in Leni Zumas’s Red Clocks
Authors:   Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India (hasannassour7@gmail.com), Nassour Hassan
Published: August 2024

The essay explores the rising popularity of feminist dystopian fiction in literary studies, focusing on Leni Zumas' novel Red Clocks. It investigates how political anxieties are depicted through the interior monologues of four main female characters, highlighting the colonization of the female body as they grapple with unwanted pregnancies and resort to illegal means for abortions. The study suggests that feminist dystopian fiction, exemplified by Red Clocks, can be prophetic, anticipating issues such as abortion rights restrictions in the United States. The paper underscores the genre's role in raising awareness among women, depicting a world where men dictate how women should manage their bodies.
The Pan-Slavic Utopian Imaginary
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (costeaunot@yahoo.com), Tonu Constantin
Published: August 2024

Strongly influenced by European Romanticism, the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars, the German unification movement and German idealist philosophers, the Pan-Slavic movement (which took shape between 1830 and 1840) had an idealistic, utopian character from the very beginning. The aim of this paper is to analyse the utopian imaginary of the main Pan-Slavic projects, starting with the precursor of the Slavic idea, Juraj Križanić, then moving on to Herder's image of the archetypal Slav, Ján Kollár's plea for Slavic cultural reciprocity, Mikhail Bakunin's proposal to transform the Slavic cause into a revolutionary, anarchic force, Mikhail Pogodin's active campaign for the realisation of Russia's full potential through union with the Balkan and Austrian Slavs, the Russian Pan-Slavism advocated by the Slovak Ľudovít Štúr, and ending with the pseudo-scientific perspective on Slavism of Nikolay Danilevsky.
A Systematic Approach to Contemporary Pan-Slavism
Authors:   Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (costeaunot@yahoo.com), Tonu Constantin
Published: August 2024

Book review Mikhail Suslov, Marek Čejka, Vladimir Ðorđević (eds.), Pan-Slavism and Slavophilia in Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe: Origins, Manifestations and Functions, Palgrave Macmillan, Springer International Publishing, 2023
A Comparative Study of LQR and Sliding Control for Ball and Beam System
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Tran Ich-Long , Pham Quang-Huy ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Phan Minh-Hoai ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Tieu Quach-Anh-Tuan ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Nguyen Thai-Minh ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Nguyen Duy-Dat ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Le Quang-Nhat-Hieu ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Nguyen Van-Dong-Hai ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we will survey two controllers, a linear control (LQR) and sliding mode control (SMC) on a central axis ball and beam (B&B) – a single input-multiple output (SIMO) system through simulation and experiment. In experiment, we present a hardware platform using STM32F407 for this model. Beside simulation results, the results in experiment prove the effectiveness of both methods in different cases. Thence, through this research, the advantages and disadvantages of the two controllers are demonstrated for designers to select in suitable cases.
KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA CERITA FABEL TERHADAP EMPATI ANAK (Eksperimen di Kelompok B Taman Kanak-Kanak Terpadu Asy Syaffaâ€™ 1 Kota Megelang)
Authors: Setiani Rika
Published: August 2024

Pengembangan emosi perlu dilakukan sejak anak berusia dini. Rasa empati mampu membuat anak membangun hubungan dengan orang lain, karena anak akan lebih memahami emosi dari perasaan orang tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keefektivan media cerita fabel terhadap empati anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Islam Terpadu Asy Syaffaâ€™ 1 Kota Magelang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Quasi Eksperimental. Subyek dalam penelitian ini dipilih secara purposive sampling, dengan jumlah 30 anak yang terdiri dari 15 anak kelas kontrol dan 15 anak kelas eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi empati untuk anak. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistic non parametrik yaitu uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media cerita fabel berpengaruh positif terhadap empati anak usia 5-6 tahun. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney pada pengukuran akhir kelas kontrol dan eksperimen memiliki probabilitas sig (2-tailed) 0,000<0,05. Terdapat perbedaan rata-rata pencapaian empati anak pada kelas kontrol sebesar 8,00 dan kelas eksperimen sebesar 23,00. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan media cerita fabel berpengaruh positif pada empati anak usia 5-6 tahun.
KONSEP ILMU PENGETAHUAN (SAINS) DALAM AL-QURâ€™AN DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN SAINS UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI (Literature Study untuk Mata Kuliah Islam dan Sains Pada Prodi PIAUD IAIN Palopo)
Authors: Subhan Subhan
Published: August 2024

Hakikat sains dan anak sebagai subjek dan objek kajian dikalangan cendekiawan sering menjadi polemik. Keilmuan sains yang terus berkembang, pembahasan dan integrasi dalam berbagai dimensi keilmuan terutama dalam perspektif al-quran yang termasuk dalam kontekstualisasi kebenaran yang mutlak di atas kebenaran teori (Darsitun, 2021) seringkali menimbulkan kebingungan tetang apa dan bagaimana seharusnya memposisikan konten, konsep dan subjek matter pembelajaran sains untuk anak usia dini terutama yang ada di lembaga-lembaga Raudhatul Athfal yang menggunakan kurikulum dengan pendekatan integrasi keislaman (Haryati, 2023) dan konsep pendidikan kontemporer kekinian (Susilawati & Musa, 2020) untuk mencetak generasi islam yang sesuai dengan visi luhur kementerian agama. Integrasi sains perspektif al-quran-keislaman pada pembelajaran sains anak usia dini merupakan tantangan yang cukup besar. Dalam teologi (root) keilmuan, Al-quran diposisikan sebagai â€œsignâ€ yaitu â€œtandaâ€ dari adanya peristiwa atau konsep sains (Adhiguna & Bramastia, 2021) melalui ayat-ayat sifatnya kontekstual (Putri, dkk., 2023). Hal tersebut membuat posisi dan pengintegrasian sains al-quran menjadi sangat sulit untuk diterjemahkan ke dalam ranah praktis-aplikatif dalam pembelajaran sains untuk anak usia dini. Konseptualisasi untuk menemukan pola dasar yang dapat menempatkan sains, sains dalam alquran dan kurikulum serta karakteristik anak usia dini menjadi sangat perlu untuk dilakukan.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BERINOVASI UNTUK KELANGSUNGAN USAHA PEDAGANG DI KELURAHAN SUKAMAJU KECAMATAN CIBEUNYING KIDUL
Authors: Anggapradja Indra Taruna , Marinda Vina Silviani
Published: August 2024

As a densely populated area, Cibeunying Kidul District does not have rice fields. In BPS data, it is stated that Cibeunying Kidul has non-rice fields covering an area of 515.34 hectares. As a residential area that relies on the trade sector, in Cibeunying Kidul there are 10 government-managed banks. In facing rapid changes in times and technology, traders are required to always innovate. The tastes of potential consumers are always dynamic as time goes by, especially now that we have entered the digital era. This community service activity aims to help, accompany and increase the motivation of traders in Cibeunying Kidul District. This activity also aims to introduce promotional media and easy payment methods to make trading transactions easier. This Community Service Activity will be held from February to June 2023. The methods used in this activity are field surveys and interviews with traders in Sukamaju Village, Cibeunying District. The purpose of the field survey carried out is the method used to gain a better understanding of the problems faced by the community that is the target of community service, as well as to identify potential solutions that can be implemented. The result was that participants were advised to try creating social media accounts such as Instagram and Tiktok to introduce their products and for technological improvement innovations, speakers from Widyatama University explained the benefits of payments or transactions using the Indonesian Standard QR Code (QRIS).
BIMBINGAN TERHADAP PENDERITA GANGGUAN JIWA MELALUI KETERAMPILAN KERAJINAN BATIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN DI BALAI RSBKL
Authors: Kusuma Raisha , Ayu Avrilia
Published: August 2024

Mental health is a critical angle in realizing general well-being. Poor mental well-being arises from mental disorders. The objectives of batik guidance activities are 1). Increasing the independence of PPKS at the RSBKL Hall. 2). Skilled, independent, and live a decent life. 3). Providing motivation to PPKS to be able to work and do business. Guidance on batik skills uses descriptive qualitative research methods involving several parties, namely, batik instructors from the Jumputan Budiyono batik group, PPKS with a stable and productive mental condition, as well as monitoring from social guides and institutional social workers. Participants who take part in batik skills activities are PPKS who are considered to be in a stable period. All active participants undergo routine treatment and undertake occupational therapy for a faster recovery process. Consists of training and development stages. The batik skills guidance service program with PPKS at the RSBKL Hall to increase independence in the social life of the community has been implemented as a medium for occupational therapy. There is also program management for batik guidance.
State capacity and access to water: Panel data evidence from developing countries
Authors: Ahmed Masood , Khan Muhammad Atif , Khan Muhammad Asif , Haddad Hossam , Al-Ramahi Nidal Mahmoud
Published: August 2024

The provision of clean drinking water is an important public service as more than 700 million people do not have access to this basic need. When it comes to delivering public services in developing countries, government capacity is a crucial element. This study investigates whether state capacity is a significant determinant in the provision of safe drinking water using panel data from 88 developing countries from 1990 to 2017. The paper applies ordinary least squares and fixed effects regression approaches and uses the Bureaucratic Quality Index and the Tax/GDP ratio as metrics of state capacity. The findings indicate that in developing nations, the availability of clean drinking water is positively correlated with state capacity.
Influence of the selection of the approximating function of thermometric characteristics on the measurement results of thermal resistance of power mosfets
Authors: Górecki Krzysztof , Posobkiewicz Krzysztof
Published: August 2024

The paper describes the results of investigations illustrating the influence of the method of determining the excess of junction temperature and the selection of a function approximating the thermometric characteristic used in the procedure of measuring thermal resistance of a power MOS transistor on the measurement results. The investigations involved the measurements made using an indirect electrical method. Three methods of determining the excess of junction temperature of the transistor are presented, using a linear function and nonlinear function approximating thermometric characteristics. The thermal resistance measurement results obtained using each of the considered methods were compared. The measurement error caused by the selection of the considered methods was also analyzed.
A review of landmark studies on maintenance immunosuppressive regimens in kidney transplantation
Authors: Udomkarnjananun Suwasin , Schagen Maaike R. , Hesselink Dennis A.
Published: August 2024

Immunosuppressive medications play a pivotal role in kidney transplantation, and the calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), including cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus (TAC), are considered as the backbone of maintenance immunosuppressive regimens. Since the introduction of CNIs in kidney transplantation, the incidence of acute rejection has decreased, and allograft survival has improved significantly. However, CNI nephrotoxicity has been a major concern, believed to heavily impact long-term allograft survival and function. To address this concern, several CNI-sparing regimens were developed and studied in randomized, controlled, clinical trials, aiming to reduce CNI exposure and preserve long-term allograft function. However, more recent information has revealed that CNI nephrotoxicity is not the primary cause of late allograft failure, and its histopathology is neither specific nor pathognomonic. In this review, we discuss the historical development of maintenance immunosuppressive regimens in kidney transplantation, covering the early era of transplantation, the CNI-sparing era, and the current era where the alloimmune response, rather than CNI nephrotoxicity, appears to be the major contributor to late allograft failure. Our goal is to provide a chronological overview of the development of maintenance immunosuppressive regimens and summarize the most recent information for clinicians caring for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).
Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Antibodies in Glomerular Diseases
Authors: Szymczak Maciej , Heidecke Harald , Żabińska Marcelina , Rukasz Dagna , Wiśnicki Krzysztof , Kujawa Krzysztof , Kościelska-Kasprzak Katarzyna , Krajewska Magdalena , Banasik Mirosław
Published: August 2024

We evaluated the concentration of AT2R antibodies in 136 patients with primary and secondary glomerular diseases: membranous nephropathy (n = 18), focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (n = 25), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 17), immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (n = 14), mesangial (non-IgA) proliferative nephropathy (n = 6), c-ANCA vasculitis (n = 40), perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) vasculitis (n = 16), and compared it with a healthy control group (22 patients). Serum creatinine levels, proteinuria, serum albumin, and total protein concentrations were prospectively recorded for 2 years. The mean levels of AT2R antibodies in the lupus nephropathy group were significantly higher compared to the control group, 64.12 ± 26.95 units/mL and 9.72 ± 11.88 units/mL, respectively. There was no association between this level and the clinical course of the disease. The AT2R levels in other kinds of glomerular disease were no different from the control group. We found significant correlations between AT1R and AT2R in patients with membranous nephropathy (r = 0.66), IgA nephropathy (r = 0.61), and c-ANCA vasculitis (r = 0.63). Levels of AT2R antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus are higher compared to other types of glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, and a healthy control group. Levels of AT2R antibodies correlate with AT1R antibodies in the groups of patients with membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and c-ANCA vasculitis. These kinds of AT2R antibodies have a stimulative effect on AT2R, but we have not found the influence of these antibodies on the clinical course of glomerular diseases.