bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Queer Activism of Simon Nkoli’s Clothed and Styled Body
Authors: Mchunu Khaya
Published: May 2023

Simon Nkoli’s life history shows the many issues he championed, including tenants’ rights, anti-apartheid, HIV/Aids activism, and gay and lesbian rights. The Simon Nkoli archival collection housed at the Gay and Lesbian Memory in Action (GALA) includes records of this important historical figure shown during public moments of queer activism and in some private settings. In the observed public moments, Nkoli is seen wearing clothes marked by clear messaging of queer visibility. The private moments show Nkoli using clothes to break socially constructed gender categories laid upon items of dress. This article marries style narratives, gender and queer theories to argue that Nkoli’s clothed and styled body is his visual methodology to support his queer visibility project, expressed through other modes, namely social movements, writings, speeches, and interviews. Through the gender- and queer-infused style narratives in my analysis, I find that Nkoli’s use of t-shirts and sleeveless t-shirts align with the global queer sloganeering of the 1980s. His use of what I call friskoto (pinafore in Sesotho) functions as a visual mode to disrupt gender binaries. Nkoli’s use of clothing and styling shows how he evolves the style narrative concept by infusing queerness as an additional element to the autobiography of the self. However, beyond his inscription of queerness through clothing and styling, Nkoli also demonstrates the potential of the clothed and styled body as a form of queer activism.
Literature and Notions of Black Lesbian Solidarity in Chinelo Okparanta’s Under the Udala Trees
Authors: Amodu Abideen David
Published: May 2023

Frances M. Beal (1968) explains that being Black and female is double jeopardy; however, being Black, female, and lesbian is triple jeopardy. Many countries in Africa have criminalised same-sex marriages and sexual relationships. In Nigeria, a sentence of up to 14 years’ imprisonment is likely for people caught in consensual same-sex intercourse. By the same token, 12 northern states of Nigeria’s 36 states have the death penalty for same-sex intercourse. Lesbians in Nigeria and across Africa have continued to suffer structural and non-structural forms of castigation and criticism from various facets of society, which have had overarching effects on the psyche of lesbians in Africa. The average Black lesbian is traumatised and challenged by norms, culture, traditions and religion. These social institutions have been structured to repress lesbians and members of the LGBTQIA+ communities at large. In the fight for their rightful spots in society, solidarity becomes non-negotiable, an essential tool and motivation in the struggle for visibility and protection. Not many works of fiction from Africa have explored the trajectories and struggles of Black lesbians. One of the most significant moves was made by Chinelo Okparanta in 2015, when she published Under the Udala Trees, which is widely tagged as “lesbian fiction.” This article, therefore, contextualises the notions of lesbian solidarity as portrayed in Okparanta’s novel and its essentiality to the struggles of Black lesbian women across the African continent.
Reimagining Pride: An Ethical Community Approach
Authors: McLean Nyx
Published: May 2023

Joburg Pride, Africa’s first Pride march, has dramatically changed from the first Pride of 1990. It is now a depoliticised and commercial event that takes place in spaces far removed from the everyday realities of most LGBTIAQ+ South Africans. Pride marches and events have the potential to operate as disruptive spaces—spaces that challenge the status quo, claim space for marginalised identities and contextualise the LGBTIAQ+ experience within the broader South African experience. Pride has the potential to be the political vehicle it once was, drawing attention to, and organising to address hate crimes, for instance. However, the organisers do not appear to be interested in pursuing this political aspect of Pride, and instead are drawn to sponsorship and an “apolitical” position that will retain funding from large corporations. Drawing on an anti-racist queer feminist historical study of Joburg Pride from 1990 to 2013, this article proposes an approach to Pride that could see it return to its political roots. This article applies Terry Cooper’s concept of ethical community to Pride, arguing that a more ethical and inclusive Pride is possible, and that establishing an ethical Pride community can counter the violence that many still experience outside of the LGBTIAQ+ community, and within.
The Right to Freedom of Association for Public and Private Sector Employees in Zimbabwe in the Context of International Labour Organisation Standards
Authors: Maringe Noah , Budeli-Nemakonde Mpfari
Published: May 2023

This article deals with the right of employees to freedom of association in Zimbabwe. It adopts a comparative analysis with the International Labour Organisation’s (ILO) standards on freedom of association. In order to achieve this, lessons are drawn from South African labour law and practice since Zimbabwe’s constitutional provisions on freedom of association are similar to those of South Africa. It begins by discussing important sources of the right to freedom of association under the ILO framework which includes relevant Conventions. Zimbabwe adopted a new constitution in 2013 which incorporates the right of employees to freedom of association and all its components under the Declaration of Rights. This is a significant point of departure in analysing the extent to which Zimbabwe complies with its ILO obligations on freedom of association. The constitution applies to both public and private sector employees. However, pieces of legislation which give effect to the constitutional right to freedom of association create a two-tier labour relations system where public sector employees have different laws which govern them. On the other hand, private sector employees fall under the Labour Act. This necessitates a separate consideration of the key provisions which have a direct impact on the enjoyment of the right of employees to freedom of association in Zimbabwe in order to test their constitutionality.
The Need to Engage with African Experiences in the United Nations Sanctioning Process: A Case Study of the Central African Republic
Authors: Sharma Vishal
Published: May 2023

The United Nations (UN) can impose sanctions by means of regional and other arrangements. History has demonstrated that during the Cold War era in Europe, the UN has imposed fewer sanctions than in the post-Cold War era. Although the UN Charter originally did not provide for the use of sanctions to protect democracy, it did protect international peace and security. However, the UN Security Council (UNSC) and other regional arrangements and communities like the EU and the AU are currently imposing sanctions even on undemocratic regime change, which should be an internal matter of a state. This development shows increased international commitment in favour of democracy. Further, the UNSC and the EU use different approaches than the AU, when removing sanctions. The AU’s approach in removing sanctions is more realistic and pragmatic. A case study of the Central African Republic shows that the UNSC and the EU approaches on sanctions towards African states could be counter-productive. It is advisable that the UNSC should consider African perspectives, by taking AU opinion into account, when imposing, modifying, or removing sanctions on the African continent. It would further increase local acceptance of sanctions, rendering them more effective. It is necessary to understand that problems in African states could have had local origins, but external factors such as international business interests could have aggravated these problems. Therefore, the targeted and smart sanctions will be more effective if international business interests, that help rebels, are also included in sanctions.
Repentance and Compassion in 4Q400–405 Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice. Are the Deputy Princes in Song Eight Angelic or Human Beings?
Authors: Evans Annette
Published: May 2023

The pervasive ambiguity in 4QSongs of the Sabbath Sacrifice (SOSS) presents a major problem: When are the activities described in this text performed by angels and when by humans? This paper builds on research on Songs One, Seven, Twelve, Thirteen, and Knowledge in SOSS that hypothesised that as the liturgy proceeds through the thirteen songs of SOSS a gradual transition takes place in the human participants. In Song Six, seven chief princes initially bless God and then proceed to bless various other participants in the liturgy, concluding with “those who wait for Him … for a return of His gracious compassion.” Song Seven, in the middle of the liturgy, describes angelic messenger activity arising from the throne of God, based on Ezekiel’s merkebah chapters. After Song Seven, a dramatic change takes place. In Song Eight, those who do the blessing are no longer “chief” princes, but “deputy” princes. The hypothesis of this article is that these deputy princes are the “people of discernment” introduced in Song One, who, having expressed repentance and persevered in joint exaltation of God with the “holiest of holy ones,” have been transformed into “god-like” messengers of God, to convey God’s compassion to those “who wait for Him.” This paper refers to recent cognitive neuroscience insights in order to, to some extent, support Fletcher-Louis’s proposal of a fluid identity achieved by the participants in the liturgy as a “community of human priests as God’s angels.” In its focus on repentance, compassion, and messenger activity, SOSS may be a witness to the beginnings of a new way of achieving atonement.
Epistemic Contextualism as Semantic Thesis and Knowledge-Attribution Standards in Qoheleth
Authors: Gericke Jaco
Published: May 2023

The concept of knowledge plays an important role in Qoheleth. Both linguistic and philosophical perspectives remain popular trends in current related research. Developments in the two auxiliary disciplines that remain largely ignored include those associated with “Epistemic Contextualism.” The theory has been used as both a substantive-epistemological and a descriptive-semantic thesis, both of which concern the way variable epistemic standards are seen to supervene in different contexts of knowledge attributions. Initially offered as a solution to the challenges of radical scepticism, it has recently sought to show how an utterance affirming and denying a subject “knows” that something is the case could both be meaningful in virtue of changing propositional contents expressed in response to variable contextual stakes, interests, and needs. The original contribution of this study lies in constructing the relevant data set in Qoheleth and illustrating the possibilities and problems of applying the semantic format of the theory to discrepant propositional attitude reports in the world of the text.
Distance Education Research in South Africa: A Longitudinal Study into the Research Levels of ODL Journal Articles
Authors: Roberts Jennifer , Van der Walt Hugo Denton
Published: May 2023

The measure of an academic field lies in the richness and depth of its published research, especially within the ever-developing field of distance education, which is relatively new. The University of South Africa is one of the oldest open distance learning (ODL) higher education institutes globally, which has given rise to its status internationally as a leader of distance education. It is prudent to analyse and reflect on the research outputs published by South African academics, particularly regarding the levels of research that are conducted. This article follows the research published by Roberts, which analysed South African distance learning research levels and sublevels from articles published between 2011 and 2015. This longitudinal study applied a thematic content analysis of the titles and abstracts of all ODL-related papers published by South African authors. The findings compare ODL trends for the five-year periods from 2010 to 2014 and 2015 to 2019. The data were obtained from the Scopus and SABINET databases, using the same search criteria employed by Roberts. The levels of research publications were analysed according to the open distance learning research framework of Zawacki-Richter presented through descriptive statistics. The results indicate that although the number of published open distance learning research articles has more than doubled, the research levels have not shown any significant change from the previous five years. The South African ODL publications should give attention to meso- and macro-level research to enhance the ODL development within Southern Africa and create local trends fit for purpose.
Information Professionals of the Future and their Prospects in the Era of Fourth Industrial Revolution: The Need for Transformative Potential in Nigeria
Authors: Ajani Yusuf Ayodeji , Dunmade Aderinola , Tella Adeyinka , Adeniran Comfort Olushola
Published: May 2023

This study examined information professionals of the future and their prospects in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The study employed a mixed method, where quantitative data were analysed using a percentage and frequency table, while qualitative data were analysed thematically. Alumni from all Nigerian library schools constituted the target population. The study gathered data through a semi-structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to several platforms, including WhatsApp, Telegram, and Facebook. A total of 150 filled questionnaires were received from participants in Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones. The findings show that participants were fully aware of the emergence of the 4IR. They indicated the impact of the 4IR era on the future job market as driverless cars, the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), robot technology, metaverse, blockchain and soft skills. It is evident from the findings that these technologies have changed the landscape of all industries. Nigerian information professionals partially possess some 4IR skills, including active learning and learning strategies, and people management, and have good knowledge of skills required for current and future job markets. Challenges associated with the preparation of future information professionals are lack of motivation for trainers; lack of synergy between training schools and the industry; inadequate funding for training schools; lack of qualified personnel; and poor attitude by students to acquire new skills. The study concludes that poor preparation of future information professionals could result in job losses, economic disparities, unemployment, and underperformance in the workplace. The study recommends that training schools should develop a core curriculum for future information professionals that covers characteristics of the 4IR.
Rethinking the Movement to Get Moving: Archives and Records in the Era of Disruptions
Authors: Marutha Ngoako
Published: May 2023

Editorial
Contribution of Prof. H. W. E. Ntsan'wisi in the Development of the Mhala Area
Authors: Lekhuleni Harold
Published: May 2023

This article is based on the presentation that the author made at a conference that was organised by the Oral History Association of South Africa (OHASA) and that was held in Mthatha, Eastern Cape on October 12, 2017. The theme of the conference was “Oliver Reginald Tambo in Memoriam: Reminiscing on a Centenary of Struggle.”
Pension Funds in South Africa: Leadership Challenges
Authors: Makina Mmokeng Rodney
Published: May 2023

Service delivery in South Africa is a topical issue. What comes to mind immediately is the government’s ability (or inability) to provide basic services, such as running water, electricity, flushing toilets and tarred roads, to citizens. This line of thinking can be squarely attributed to the political history of South Africa. The country’s struggle for liberation was not limited to political freedom; the struggle was for economic freedom as well. Historically, the exclusion of Africans from mainstream economic opportunities also extended to pension benefits paid out upon retirement from active employment. Before 1994, only white beneficiaries had representation on boards of pension funds, but thereafter, Africans enjoyed full representation in pension funds in terms of leadership roles. However, many pension funds have recently been rocked by scandals resulting from poor leadership. We are reminded of the prophecy of O. R. Tambo that South Africa will experience a leadership crisis after achieving liberation. The aim of this article is to focus attention on the pension funds industry, which appears to suffer from a paucity of leadership. In the context of this article, pension funds are focused on as an aspect of service delivery as it can be regarded as a way of eradicating poverty among the historically disadvantaged. The author argues that if pension funds are administered properly, they have the potential to contribute to the eradication of poverty among historically disadvantaged communities. This argument is elucidated by the information provided by widows who are beneficiaries of pension funds in the Greater Sekhukhune District municipal area and by retired pension fund members with whom interviews were conducted. A focus-group discussion was also held with trustees employed in the Greater Sekhukhune District Municipality.
“My Outfit, My Identity”: An Ethnographic Study of the Akan of Ghana and the Basotho of Lesotho
Authors: Johnson Lineo , Quan-Baffour Kofi
Published: May 2023

Culture is a way of life. It is anything that identifies a group of people; it makes them unique or different from others. The most striking symbol of culture is an outfit or attire. What people wear or how they dress (their outfit) projects their cultural identity. The Akan of Ghana and Basotho of Lesotho are typical examples of ethnic groups in Africa whose cultural heritage and identities are epitomised in their outfits. These ethnic groups are proud of their culture and unapologetic in putting on traditional attire or dresses that culturally identify them wherever they may be found. Akan women wear kaba (a top dress) with a slit that is stylishly designed by professional dressmakers using colourful kente (gorgeous) or other textiles and fabrics with matching duku (headgear) and bead ornaments around the neck and the wrist. The men wear colourful kente and joromi (tie-dye) shirts, smocks (fugu), or dashiki made from embroidered natural cotton materials. The Basotho are known for wearing expensive and beautiful Seshoeshoe (named after King Moshoeshoe, the founder of the Basotho nation) and likobo (a blanket made from animal fur) outfits with matching hats (molia-nyeoe). This ethnographic study investigates the raison d’etre for the unapologetic display of cultural outfits among the two African ethnic groups. The study, which employed the qualitative research methods of interviews and observation for data collection, found that the two groups are fond of their uniqueness because of their belief that without culture one is lost. The study concludes that Africa’s rebirth is an encouragement for Africans to project and preserve their heritage and identities.
Barriers to Career Advancement of Women in Mining: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Botha Doret
Published: May 2023

In recent years, various initiatives, protocols and legislation have been developed globally to promote gender equality and address existing discrimination against women. South Africa is no exception to this trend. In the global mining industry, equal opportunity and mining legislation introduced by various countries, including South Africa, have opened up former bastions, such as mining, to women.Since the introduction of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 and the accompanying Broad-Based Socio- Economic Empowerment Charter, in 2004, the number of women in the mining industry has increased significantly. However, the â€œgender issueâ€ still remains contentious and very problematic in the industry and women are still subjected to various challenges.This article aims to reveal the barriers women encounter in the industry. This study adopted a qualitative research design. Data were collected by means of semi-structured individual and group interviews. The research findings show that women are subjected to social, physiological, structural and employment barriers. Therefore, it is of paramount importance that the relevant government departments, top and senior management in the mining industry, as well as human resource managers and employment relations practitioners embrace and support a clear-cut vision of gender diversity in the industry.
Drawing the Line between Dismissal for Alcoholism (Incapacity) and Dismissal for Drunkenness (Misconduct). Are the Boni Mores Compromised?
Authors: Phulu Thandekile
Published: May 2023

In South Africa employees are protected by various pieces of legislation. Section 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 provides for a right to fair labour practice. In its preamble the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (hereafter referred to as the LRA) states that the purpose of the Act is to advance economic development, social justice, labour peace and democratisation of the workplace. The LRA also states that one of its objectives is to give effect to and regulate the fundamental rights conferred by section 27 of the Constitution. The Occupational Health and Safety Act as amended by the Occupational Health and Safety Amendment Act 181 of 1993 provides for the health and safety of persons at work and for the health and safety of persons in connection with the use of plant and machinery. The LRA provides for dismissal for incapacity and dismissals for misconduct. It also differentiates between the two. The LRA provides for both substantive and procedural fairness when dismissing an employee for incapacity and misconduct. This paper will examine the rationale behind differentiating between dismissal for drunkenness and dismissal for alcoholism.
The Role of International Framework Agreements in Transnational Labour Regulation
Authors: Du Preez Helena , Smit Paul
Published: May 2023

The regulation of labour in the workplace is never an easy task but it is even more complex and challenging if it has to take place across national borders in a globalised world. Globalisation and a transnational labour environment impact on the ability of the employer to regulate or manage a labour force that is based in different countries. The migration of workers across national borders, the existence of multinational companies and the demands of transnational labour relations present management with many challenges. This article is premised on the conviction that corporate social responsibility codes and other codes of conduct, due to their voluntary nature, are not enough to effectively manage and regulate labour in a transnational environment. The authors suggest that international framework agreements are a far more effective management tool for transnational labour regulation.
Health-related quality of life and stigma in opioid dependence: Comparison between buprenorphine users and non-users
Authors: Garg Rohit , Singla Aditi , Raj Rajnish
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

Opioid dependence leads to reduced quality of life (QOL) and stigma. There is scarcity of literature on impact of buprenorphine on QOL of patients with opioid dependence from India. This study reports QOL and stigma in patients taking buprenorphine and compare it with those who were not on any treatment.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative study was conducted among three groups (n = 100 each). Group 3 comprised patients who were already taking buprenorphine for at least 3 months from a government outpatient opioid-assisted treatment center. Group 2 comprised patients who were not on any treatment but had come to enrol in buprenorphine treatment and Group 1 comprised patients who had come to get some other treatment and were not willing for buprenorphine. After fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, sociodemographic pro forma, Hindi self-stigma scale, and World Health Organization QOL-BREF Hindi were applied. Appropriate statistical analyses were done.

Results:

Patients already taking buprenorphine had significantly better QOL and it improved as the duration of treatment increased. Patients on buprenorphine treatment had significantly lesser stigma than patients not already on treatment. Stigma negatively impacted QOL in the three groups.

Conclusion :

QOL and factors affecting it should be an integral part of management of opioid dependence. Efforts should be made to enrol maximum number of patients in treatment to enhance their quality of life and reduce stigma.
Theoretical studies on the kinetics and dynamics of the BeH+ + H2O reaction: Comparison with experiment
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Tu Zhao , Xiang Haipan , Li Yong , Song Hongwei
Published: May 2023

The reaction of BeH+ with background gas H2O may play a role in qubit loss for quantum information processing with Be+ as trapped ions, and yet its reaction mechanism has not been well understood until now. In this work, a globally accurate, full-dimensional ground-state potential energy surface (PES) for the BeH+ + H2O reaction was constructed by fitting a total of 170,438 ab initio energy points at the level of RCCSD(T)-F12/aug-cc-pVTZ using the fundamental invariant-neural network method. The total root-mean-square error of the final PES was 0.178 kcal mol-1. For comparison, quasi-classical trajectory calculations were carried out on the PES at the experimental temperature of 150 K. The obtained thermal rate constant and product branching ratio of the BeD+ + H2O reaction agreed quite well with experimental results. In addition, the vibrational state distributions and energy disposals of the products were calculated and rationalized by the sudden vector projection model.
Indoor Air Quality Implications of Germicidal 222 nm Light
Authors: Barber Victoria , Goss Matthew , Franco Deloya Lesly , LeMar Lexy , Li Yaowei , Helstrom Erik , Canagaratna Manjula , Keutsch Frank , Kroll Jesse
Published: May 2023

A known strategy for mitigating the indoor transmission of airborne pathogens, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is irradiation by germicidal UV light (GUV). A particularly promising approach is 222 nm light from KrCl excimer lamps (GUV222); this inactivates airborne pathogens, but is thought to be far less harmful to human skin and eyes than longer-wavelength GUV (e.g., 254 nm). However, the potential for GUV222 to affect the composition of indoor air has received little experimental study. Here, we conduct a series of controlled laboratory experiments, carried out in a 150 L Teflon chamber, to examine formation of oxidants and other secondary species by GUV222. We show that GUV222 generates ozone (O3) and hydroxyl radicals (OH), both of which can react with volatile organic compounds to form oxidized volatile organic compounds and secondary organic aerosol particles. Results are consistent with predictions from a simple box model based on known photochemistry. We use this experimentally-validated model to simulate the effect of GUV222 irradiation under more realistic indoor air scenarios, spanning a range of light and ventilation conditions. We demonstrate that under some conditions, GUV222 irradiation can lead to levels of O3, OH, and secondary organic products that are substantially elevated relative to normal indoor conditions, especially when ventilation is low and GUV222 intensity is high. Thus, GUV222 should be used at the lowest intensities possible and in concert with ventilation, decreasing levels of airborne pathogens while mitigating the formation of air pollutants in indoor environments.
Electrochemistry at the edge of a van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Plačkić Aleksandra , Neubert Tilmann J , Patel Kishan , Kuhl Michel , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Zurutuza Amaia , Sordan Roman , Balasubramanian Kannan
Published: May 2023

Artificial van der Waals heterostructures, obtained by stacking layered two-dimensional materials, represent a novel material platform for investigating physicochemical phenomena and applications. We report here electrochemistry at the one-dimensional edge of a graphene sheet, which is sandwiched between two hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) multilayer flakes. When such an hBN/graphene/hBN heterostructure is immersed in a solution, the basal plane of graphene is protected and isolated by the hBN stack, and the edge of the graphene sheet is exclusively available in the solution. This forms an electrochemical nanoelectrode, which enabled us to investigate electron transfer using several redox probes, e.g., ferrocene(di)methanol, hexaammineruthenium, methylene blue, dopamine and ferrocyanide. Facilitated by the relatively low capacitance of the van der Waals edge electrode, we demonstrate cyclic voltammetry at very high scan rates (up to 1000 V/s). Using fast scan cyclic voltammetry imaging, we show that redox species can be detected voltammetrically down to micromolar concentrations with subsecond time resolution at the sandwiched graphene edge, promoted by the rapid equilibration of analyte species in the diffusion layer. Furthermore, the nanoband nature of the edge electrode allows us to work directly in water in the absence of added electrolyte. Finally, we show that two adjacent edge electrodes can be realized in a redox-cycling format. In all, the van der Waals edge electrode is unique among nanoelectrodes as it enables investigations of all the above-mentioned phenomena in the same device. Due to its versatility, it constitutes a new avenue for nanoscale electrochemistry, which will be useful for studying electron transfer mechanisms as well as for the detection of analyte species in ultralow sample volumes.
A Variant on the CREST Algorithm for Non-Covalent Clusters of Flexible Molecules
Authors: King Nathanael J. , LeBlanc Ian , Brown Alex
Published: May 2023

Conformational ensemble generation and the search for the global minimum con- formation are important problems in computational chemistry. In this work, a variant on the Conformer-Rotamer Ensemble Sampling Tool (CREST) algorithm designed for determining structural ensembles and energetics of non-covalent clusters of flexible molecules is presented. As with CREST, the energies are evaluated using the semiem- pirical GFN2-xtb extended tight binding approach. The utility of the algorithm is highlighted using dimers and trimers of model asphaltene compounds.
Elucidating the effects of temperature on nonaqueous redox flow cell cycling performance
Authors: Quinn Alexander , Ripley Katelyn , Matteucci Nicholas , Neyhouse Bertrand , Brown Chloe , Woltmann William , Brushett Fikile
Published: May 2023

The impact of cell temperature is a relatively underexplored area within the burgeoning field of nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NAqRFBs). Here, we investigate the effect of elevated temperature on the performance of nonaqueous redox electrolytes and associated flow cells. Using a model compound, N-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-ethyl)phenothiazine (MEEPT), in a propylene-carbonate-based electrolyte, we experimentally measure the temperature dependence of relevant physicochemical properties (i.e., electrolyte conductivity, viscosity, diffusivity) and electrochemical characteristics (i.e., chemical and electrochemical reversibility) from 30 to 70 °C. We then perform symmetric cell studies, finding that while ohmic and mass transport resistances decrease significantly with increases in temperature, for the MEEPT/MEEPT+● redox couple, accessible electrolyte capacity gradually reduces at temperatures >50 °C. Ex-situ, post-test characterization using microelectrode voltammetry suggests that this capacity fade is due to instability of the MEEPT radical cation. Finally, using MEEPT as a posolyte and a model viologen negolyte (bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl)viologen), we assemble a full cell and perform polarization analysis, observing a 2× increase in the peak power density when the operating temperature is increased from 30 to 70 °C. Broadly, this work highlights opportunities for systematic engineering of nonaqueous electrolytes and flow cells for higher power operation at elevated temperatures.
Estudios del trabajo desde el Sur, vol. V
Authors: Galliorio Álvaro
Published: May 2023

El presente volumen vuelve a ser un producto colectivo que caracteriza el trabajo de la Fundación Grupo de Estudios del Trabajo desde el sur, en su objetivo de potenciar y apoyar la formación de nuevos y nuevas investigadoras en el área de los estudios del trabajo. Realizamos esta labor apuntando a incrementar, complejizar y alimentar el debate laboral en Chile y América Latina con conocimiento aplicado, práctico y centrado en las necesidades de las colectividades, luchas y organizaciones que emergen para disputar el campo de precarización que caracteriza al trabajo en la región y en el sur global. Esperamos contribuir con este esfuerzo a la sencillez que representa el crecer, aprender y conocer en común.
Origin and segregation of the human germline
Authors: Castillo-Venzor Aracely , Penfold Christopher A , Morgan Michael D , Tang Walfred WC , Kobayashi Toshihiro , Wong Frederick CK , Bergmann Sophie , Slatery Erin , Boroviak Thorsten E , Marioni John C , Surani M Azim
Published: May 2023

Human germline–soma segregation occurs during weeks 2–3 in gastrulating embryos. Although direct studies are hindered, here, we investigate the dynamics of human primordial germ cell (PGCs) specification using in vitro models with temporally resolved single-cell transcriptomics and in-depth characterisation using in vivo datasets from human and nonhuman primates, including a 3D marmoset reference atlas. We elucidate the molecular signature for the transient gain of competence for germ cell fate during peri-implantation epiblast development. Furthermore, we show that both the PGCs and amnion arise from transcriptionally similar TFAP2A-positive progenitors at the posterior end of the embryo. Notably, genetic loss of function experiments shows that TFAP2A is crucial for initiating the PGC fate without detectably affecting the amnion and is subsequently replaced by TFAP2C as an essential component of the genetic network for PGC fate. Accordingly, amniotic cells continue to emerge from the progenitors in the posterior epiblast, but importantly, this is also a source of nascent PGCs.
WDR31 displays functional redundancy with GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) ELMOD and RP2 in regulating IFT complex and recruiting the BBSome to cilium
Authors: Cevik Sebiha , Peng Xiaoyu , Beyer Tina , Pir Mustafa S , Yenisert Ferhan , Woerz Franziska , Hoffmann Felix , Altunkaynak Betul , Pir Betul , Boldt Karsten , Karaman Asli , Cakiroglu Miray , Oner S Sadik , Cao Ying , Ueffing Marius , Kaplan Oktay I
Published: May 2023

The correct intraflagellar transport (IFT) assembly at the ciliary base and the IFT turnaround at the ciliary tip are key for the IFT to perform its function, but we still have poor understanding about how these processes are regulated. Here, we identify WDR31 as a new ciliary protein, and analysis from zebrafish andCaenorhabditis elegansreveals the role ofWDR31in regulating the cilia morphology. We find that loss of WDR-31 together with RP-2 and ELMD-1 (the sole ortholog ELMOD1-3) results in ciliary accumulations of IFT Complex B components and KIF17 kinesin, with fewer IFT/BBSome particles traveling along cilia in both anterograde and retrograde directions, suggesting that the IFT/BBSome entry into the cilia and exit from the cilia are impacted. Furthermore, anterograde IFT in the middle segment travels at increased speed inwdr-31;rpi-2;elmd-1. Remarkably, a non-ciliary protein leaks into the cilia ofwdr-31;rpi-2;elmd-1, possibly because of IFT defects. This work reveals WDR31–RP-2–ELMD-1 as IFT and BBSome trafficking regulators.
Quando a arte entra em sala: uma estratégia de ensino aprendizagem na graduação em saúde
Authors: Sanchez Eluane Mirian Santos , Grosseman Suely , Sanches Leida da Conceição
Published: May 2023

Apresenta-se neste artigo resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o uso da arte visual como estratégia de ensino em graduação em saúde, partindo do princípio de que a arte visual contribui para o aprimoramento do olhar dos estudantes. Buscou-se identificar e compreender um grupo de práticas pedagógicas com artes visuais na graduação em saúde. A pesquisa foi de natureza exploratória descritiva com abordagem mista. Respondeu ao questionário um grupo de 80 professores de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior em Saúde (IES), dentre os quais, 17 participaram, concomitantemente, de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise, os dados foram tratados por estatística descritiva, e as informações, pela análise de conteúdo de Moraes (2003). Na discussão dos resultados houve a triangulação concomitante (CRESWELL, 2010), sendo que, 66,4% professores participantes da pesquisa utilizam arte visual em suas aulas. Foram classificadas três maneiras de uso das artes, para exercitar: a representação, a contextualização ou a criação da realidade. Ao final, considerou-se que, devido ao caráter filosófico e função imediata e concreta, essa estratégia de utilização da arte proporciona aos alunos uma vivência dos conteúdos estudados, promovendo vínculos com a realidade, seguindo o conceito de integralidade em saúde. Art enters the room:a teaching and learning strategy in undergraduate health This article presents the results of a research on the use of visual art as a teaching strategy in undergraduate health, based on the principle that visual art contributes to the improvement of the students' gaze. We sought to identify and understand a group of pedagogical practices with visual arts in undergraduate health. The research was exploratory descriptive in nature with a mixed approach. A group of 80 teachers from a Higher Education Institution in Health (HEI) answered the questionnaire, among which, 17 participated, concomitantly, in a semi-structured interview. For the analysis, the data were treated by descriptive statistics, and the information, by the content analysis of Moraes (2003). In the discussion of the results, there was concomitant triangulation (CRESWELL, 2010), with 66.4% of the teachers participating in the research using visual art in their classes. Three ways of using the arts have been classified to exercise: representation, contextualization or the creation of reality. In the end, it was considered that, due to the philosophical character and immediate and concrete function, this strategy of using art provides students with an experience of the contents studied, promoting links with reality, following the concept of integrality in health.
Uma reflexão sobre o currículo em espaços formais e não formais de ensino nas trilhas do multiculturalismo presente no Ciclo do Marabaixo
Authors: Almeida Claudia Patrícia Nunes , Marchi Miriam Inês , Purificação Marcelo Maximo
Published: May 2023

O artigo promove uma reflexão a respeito do currículo e as relações dos saberes multiculturais presentes no Ciclo do Marabaixo, e a prática desses conhecimentos em espaços formais e não formais de ensino. Os estudos são pautados em Candau (2010, 2012), Munanga (2005), Jacobucci (2008), Hall (2014, 2015), Silva (1999, 2014), Moreira (1999) Lopes e Macedo (2011), e entre outros. A pesquisa enquadra-se como etnográfica e tem caráter qualitativo, descritivo e documental. Considerou-se a análise descritiva, como suporte teórico para a análise dos dados. Usa-se como técnicas de coleta de dados: observação participante, entrevista semiestruturada e diário de campo. Os participantes foram: alunos do ensino médio integrado dos Cursos Técnico do Instituto Federal do Amapá- Campus Santana; professores de história, artes, sociologia; e membros da Associação Cultural Berço das Tradições Amapaenses- Marabaixo da Favela: Barracão Tia Gertrudes. Os estudos apontaram que o currículo é um dispositivo de poder, onde saberes, identidades e culturas são incluídas ou excluídas do processo educacional em espaços formais de ensino. Outro aspecto revelado, foi a potência e a importância dos espaços não formais de ensino como as associações culturais, no que diz respeito à conscientização e à valorização dos saberes multiculturais presentes na cultura popular; em especial o Ciclo do Marabaixo que acontece no estado do Amapá.
Dicumba e Aprendizagem Significativa no Ensino de Química
Authors: Franco Vanessa de Assunção , Carminatti Bruna , BEDIN EVERTON
Published: May 2023

Buscando promover mudanças significativas na prática pedagógica e no desenvolvimento dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem na rede pública de ensino, este artigo expõe a aplicação da metodologia Dicumba (Desenvolvimento Cognitivo Universal-Bilateral da Aprendizagem) à luz da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa; uma metodologia de ensino em que o estudante por meio da pesquisa torna-se construtor dos próprios saberes a partir da vivência, da curiosidade e do interesse. Esta pesquisa-ação de cunho qualitativo foi desenvolvida ao longo de três meses com uma turma de 2º ano do Ensino Médio. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da observação participante, dos trabalhos de pesquisa desenvolvidos e da aplicação de um questionário estruturado. Os dados coletados foram interpretados e apresentados por meio de tabelas e gráficos à luz de teóricos sobre a metodologia Dicumba. Ao serem interpretados os resultados, pode-se concluir que a Dicumba é uma estratégia didático-pedagógica que potencializar a aprendizagem do aluno de forma significativa, crítica, autônoma e reflexiva, despertando neste a curiosidade, a argumentação crítica e o interesse pela ciência por meio da problematização e do reconhecimento de novos saberes.
Formação de professores para os Anos Iniciais da Educação Básica: A história da Escola Normal e do Curso de Formação de Docentes no Paraná
Authors: Branco Alessandra Batista de Godoi , Branco Emerson Pereira , Nagashima Lucila Akiko
Published: May 2023

A formação de professores apresenta especificidades conforme o contexto histórico-social, nível e etapa de atuação. A trajetória do curso normal/magistério é marcada por instabilidade, retrocessos, rupturas e transformações. Nesse contexto, objetivamos compreender a formação de professores em nível médio, modalidade normal, e suas possíveis relações com a profissionalização docente para atuação nos anos iniciais da Educação Básica, o professor polivalente. Para tanto, discutimos e analisamos sobre a formação e atuação, especialmente para os anos iniciais da Educação Básica, e traçamos alguns marcos históricos desde as antigas escolas normais até a atualidade. O artigo resulta de pesquisa qualitativa com investigação bibliográfica e documental, e análise de conteúdo. A partir dos estudos, foi possível compreender que a profissão docente passou por transformações, reconfigurou-se e, ao mesmo tempo, mantém certos traços que não se distanciam do passado. As professoras e os professores que atuam nos anos iniciais são, em sua maioria, mulheres e têm nível de escolaridade e formação acadêmica menos elevada em relação a outras etapas da Educação Básica, com indicativos de que também possuem a menor remuneração da categoria. Em meio à permanente defesa pela formação em nível superior, a modalidade normal permanece, sinalizando aspectos sobre o ofício e sua [des]valorização.
A experimentação no processo de resolução de problemas matemáticos e computacionais
Authors: Idem Rita de Cássia , Scucuglia Rodrigues da Silva Ricardo , Gadanidis George
Published: May 2023

A experimentação possibilita a exploração empírica da Matemática, valorizando diferentes formas de raciocínio e representação. Neste artigo, apresenta-se características da experimentação realizada por estudantes do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental ao se engajarem na resolução de problemas matemáticos e computacionais. O estudo se apoia nas ideias de Alan Schoenfeld, sobre a tomada de decisão em atividades orientadas por objetivos, e no construto seres-humanos-com-mídias, sobre o papel das mídias no pensamento e na produção do conhecimento. Os dados foram produzidos com duas duplas de estudantes que participaram de Sessões de Investigação, nas quais eles interagiram com simulações de construção de padrões para realizar diferentes atividades. Os registros produzidos foram gravações e diário de campo, também houve coleta da produção escrita dos estudantes. A análise ocorreu por meio de procedimentos qualitativos. Como resultados, aponta-se que a experimentação ocorreu por meio de teste e depuração de ideias, evidenciando a dinamicidade e o potencial de visualização da simulação. Houve a experimentação com elementos numéricos, que possuíam sentidos diversos, e com outros parâmetros. O processo também revelou conhecimentos dos estudantes. Em conclusão, pontua-se que a experimentação possibilitou a exploração de conceitos matemáticos empiricamente, e a mobilização de diversos recursos, evidenciando o pensamento com a simulação.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA: EXPERIÊNCIAS E RISCOS NA INTERAÇÃO COM TELAS
Authors: AQUINO JAYNE CRISTINA FRANCO DE , CAETANO LUÍS MIGUEL DIAS , AQUINO CARLA CRISTIANE FRANCO DE
Published: May 2023

Este artigo, que tem como tema as tecnologias digitais na infância, é fruto de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi analisar a interação das crianças com as tecnologias digitais no contexto familiar, e os respetivos reflexos positivos e negativos no contato com telas. Tomou-se como referência orientações da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria (SBP) e da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), direcionadas a pais e educadores para o uso seguro e pedagógico de telas. Utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa de campo, com seleção de artigos em repositórios científicos e aplicação de questionário on-line a pais/responsáveis de crianças na faixa etária de 2 a 5 anos.  De acordo com os resultados, o tempo em que as crianças utilizam telas de dispositivos e outras tecnologias digitais, muitas vezes, excede as recomendações da SBP e da OMS, expondo-as a situações de risco. As famílias revelaram a percepção de sinais de dependência digital nas crianças pesquisadas. Conclui-se que nem sempre os pais se dão conta dos riscos da exposição demasiada de crianças pequenas em interações digitais, sem monitoramento de um adulto. O grande desafio posto às famílias e às escolas é o de redimensionar o uso de tecnologias, aproveitando seu potencial educativo.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO EM TERRITÓRIO VULNERÁVEL: O CASO DE UMA ESCOLA DE SUCESSO
Authors: PERPÉTUO SANDRA MARIA , Coutrim Rosa Maria Exaltação
Published: May 2023

Pesquisas realizadas no Brasil e no exterior demonstram que escolas localizadas em territórios com alto índice de vulnerabilidade têm enfrentado inúmeros problemas que trazem, entre outras consequências, o baixo desempenho em avaliações externas. O objetivo principal da pesquisa ora apresentada foi investigar quais fatores contribuíram para que uma escola pública localizada em um território vulnerável, constituído por famílias de camadas populares e com alto índice de violência, contrariasse as estatísticas e obtivesse maior percentual de alunos no nível avançado em alfabetização nas provas do Programa de Avaliação da Alfabetização (PROALFA) de 2014 a 2016 no município de Governador Valadares/MG. Com base nos autores da sociologia da educação, a pesquisa discute desigualdade escolar, sucesso escolar nas camadas populares e escola eficaz. A abordagem selecionada foi a qualitativa e a investigação foi feita por meio do estudo de caso. Os recursos metodológicos foram a análise documental, a observação orientada e a entrevista, realizada com profissionais da escola e familiares dos alunos. Ao todo foram feitas dez entrevistas. Os resultados demonstram cinco mecanismos que explicam o sucesso da escola: formação continuada, uso de diferentes métodos de alfabetização, experiência profissional em alfabetização, estratégias de intervenção pedagógica, atuação da escola com as famílias.