bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Freedom of the World: 2022 Dataset by Country
Authors: Gwartney James , Lawson Robert , Hall Joshua , Murphy Ryan
Published: November 2022

Dataset by Country of the Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report that measures the degree to which the policies and institutions of countries are supportive of economic freedom. The cornerstones of economic freedom are personal choice, voluntary exchange, freedom to enter markets and compete, and security of the person and privately owned property. Forty-two data points are used to construct a summary index, along with a Gender Legal Rights Adjustment to measure the extent to which women have the same level of economic freedom as men. The degree of economic freedom is measured in five broad areas: Size of Government, Legal System and Property Rights, Sound Money, Freedom to Trade Internationally, and Regulation.
Economic Freedom of the World: 2022 Dataset for Researchers
Authors: Gwartney James , Lawson Robert , Hall Joshua , Murphy Ryan
Published: November 2022

Dataset for Researchers of the Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report that measures the degree to which the policies and institutions of countries are supportive of economic freedom. The cornerstones of economic freedom are personal choice, voluntary exchange, freedom to enter markets and compete, and security of the person and privately owned property. Forty-two data points are used to construct a summary index, along with a Gender Legal Rights Adjustment to measure the extent to which women have the same level of economic freedom as men. The degree of economic freedom is measured in five broad areas: Size of Government, Legal System and Property Rights, Sound Money, Freedom to Trade Internationally, and Regulation.
Economic Freedom of North America 2022
Authors: Stansel Dean , Torra José , McMahon Fred , Carrión-Tavárez Ángel
Published: November 2022

Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
Economic Freedom of North America 2022-U.S. Edition
Authors: Stansel Dean , Torra José , McMahon Fred , Carrión-Tavárez Ángel
Published: November 2022

Economic Freedom of North America-U.S. Edition measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
Economic Freedom of North America 2022 Dataset-Subnational
Authors: Stansel Dean , Torra José , McMahon Fred , Carrión-Tavárez Ángel
Published: November 2022

Dataset of the subnational index of the Economic Freedom of North America for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country. The Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. The subnational index employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation.
Economic Freedom of North America 2022 Dataset-All Government
Authors: Stansel Dean , Torra José , McMahon Fred , Carrión-Tavárez Ángel
Published: November 2022

Dataset of the all-government index of the Economic Freedom of North America for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. The Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. The all-government index employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. Also, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
Economic Freedom of North America 2022 Full Dataset
Authors: Stansel Dean , Torra José , McMahon Fred , Carrión-Tavárez Ángel
Published: November 2022

Full dataset of the Economic Freedom of North America that measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
Aquifer depths and thickness in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria from vertical electrical soundings
Authors: Peter Ogochuku Eke  , Frankline Dagogo Ibim  , Peace Ugechi
Published: November 2022

Most parts of the world depend on groundwater for domestic and other uses. Different geophysical methods can be used to exploit these groundwater. In this study aquifer depths and thickness spread in parts of Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria have been determined from 30 vertical electrical sounding survey. An ABEM Terrameter (SAS 300C) was used with Schlumberger array configuration of maximum electrode spread of 500 m. The data were analyzed with an IP2WIN ID software to obtain the strata resistivities, geoelectric layers, aquifer depths and thickness from which the isopach and iso-resistivity maps of the region were obtained. The results show two to four layer formations with resistivity values ranging from 350 to 3895 . Aquifer depths of between 20 m to 75 m and thickness varying from 17 m to 48 m. The isopach map indicates that regions in the north-central part of the study area have shallower aquifer thickness with an average value of 25 m while in the other parts of the study area, the average value is 41 m. The iso-resistivity contour maps at depth intervals of 50 m, 100 m, 150 m and 200 m reveal the trending of the resistivity values for these depths across the region. The general results indicate that the study area has productive aquifers of reasonable thickness at moderate depths from 20 m as in the other parts of the Niger delta region, therefore portable boreholes can be drilled from this depth.
ANFIS based data rate prediction for cognitive radio
Authors: Manish Patidar
Published: November 2022

Intelligence is needed to keep up with the rapid evolution of wireless communications, especially in terms of managing and allocating the scarce, radio spectrum in the highly varying and disparate modern environments. Cognitive radio (CR) systems promise to handle this situation by utilizing intelligent software packages that enrich their transceiver with radio-awareness, adaptability and capability to learn. Its system participates in a continuous process, “the cognition cycle”, during which it adjusts its operating parameters, observes the results and, eventually takes actions, that is to say, decides to operate in a specific radio configuration (i.e., radio access technology, carrier frequency, modulation type, etc.) expecting to move the radio toward some optimized operational state. In such a process, learning mechanisms utilize information from measurements sensed from the environment, gathered experience and stored knowledge and guide in decision making. This paper evaluates learning schemes that are based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for predicting the capabilities (e.g. data rate) that can be achieved by a specific radio configuration in cognitive radio. While CR is an intelligent emergent technology, where learning schemes are needed to assist in its functioning. On the other side, ANFIS based scheme is one of the good learning artificial intelligence method, that combines best features of neural network and fuzzy logic. Here proposed method is able to assist a cognitive radio system to help in selecting the best one radio configuration to operate in. Performance metric like root mean square error (RMSE), prediction accuracy of ANFIS learning has been used as performance index.
Traditional use of medicinal plants in the town of Mbanga (Littoral- Cameroon)
Authors: Makemteu Junelle  , Nana Piapleu Wilfrid Gautier  , Nkenmegne Severin  , Yossa Nzeuwa Irma Belinda  , Ngouana Vincent  , Tajeukem Vice Clotexe  , Noumi Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

The present ethnobotanical study is being carried out in the town of Mbanga on the use of plants in the traditional pharmacopoeia. Its major concern is to document medicinal plants and therapeutic recipes which will serve as a database for the population. To do this, an ethnobotanical survey was conducted in September and October 2011 and completed in August 2020. It collected a certain amount of information relating to the use of medicinal plants as an alternative to primary health care. This study, conducted with two hundred and fifty-five (255) respondents, identified eighty (80) cases of health problems, some of which are only symptoms of illnesses. Three hundred and thirty-nine (339) therapeutic recipes involving one hundred and eighteen (118) medicinal plants belonging to fifty-five (55) botanical families have been indicated as entering into their treatment. The therapeutic recipes are made up of either a single plant or a combination of several plants. Only species that have been mentioned at least twice have been taken into account. Cymbopogon citratrus has the highest used specialization index, 0.35; it is the species mostly used in therapeutic recipes. Acute illnesses are the most common groups. The plants are well used by the people of Mbanga in the treatment of various diseases because the exploitation index is 4.23. The plant species used in the treatment of diseases in Mbanga are mostly reported in other parts of Cameroon and the world in the treatment of the same diseases.
The Effect of Using N2 and H2 in Milk on the Physıcochemical and Textural Properties of Yoghurt During Storage
Authors: BULUT Menekşe , ÇAVUŞ Mustafa , TATLISU Nevruz Berna
Published: November 2022

In this study, the influences of nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) gases on the physicochemical and textural properties of yogurt during storage were investigated.

The redox potential of the environment has been changed by using N2 and H2 which are natural methods that do not have a toxic effect on milk used in yogurt. In this way, it was determined how these reducing media changed compared to the control yoghurt. Especially H2 has made yogurt more functional with its non-toxic antioxidant feature. Redox potential is the quality parameter that affects the properties of yoghurt. The effects of this parameter on yoghurt have been revealed during storage. It has been determined in this study that quality control can be achieved by determining the effects of this quality parameter in the yoghurt process
Mann Kendall, Spearman Rho ve Yenilikçi Şen Yöntemlerinin Meteorolojik Veriler Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi: Batman Bölgesi Örneği
Authors: AKBAŞ Ergün , ÇELİK Recep , EŞİT Musa
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğünden elde edilen Batman ili merkezinde bulunan 17282 no’lu istasyona ait 1963-2021 yılları arasındaki yıllık toplam yağış, yıllık toplam evapotranspirasyon (PET), yıllık ortalama sıcaklık ve yıllık ortalama nisbi nem verileri kullanılarak trend analizi yapılmıştır. Verilerin trend analizleri Spearman Rho, Mann Kendall ve Yenilikçi Şen yöntemlerine göre yapılmıştır. Sen’in Eğim testi ile de trendin eğimi bulunmuştur. Yıllık toplam yağış verisinde hem Spearman Rho hem de Mann Kendall yöntemlerinde trend belirlenmezken Yenilikçi Şen yönteminde azalan yönde trend belirlenmiştir. Üç yöntem için ortak olarak yıllık ortalama sıcaklıkta ve yıllık toplam buharlaşmada artan, yıllık ortalama nisbi nem verisinde ise azalan yönde trend tespit edilmiştir. Yıllık toplam yağış, yıllık ortalama sıcaklık ve yıllık ortalama nisbi nem verilerinde Mann Kendall mertebe korelasyon testine göre trendin başladığı yıl tespit edilmez iken, yıllık toplam evapotranspirasyon verisinde 1969 yılı trendin başladığı yıl olarak belirlenmiştir.
The Screening of Black Point in Commercial Bread Wheat Cultivars Grown in Turkey, and The Effect of Black Point on Thousand Grain Weight
Authors: SESİZ Uğur
Published: November 2022

The black point is a discoloration that shows up on the embryos of wheat and barley, and it is becoming an important problem in many wheat-growing areas. In this study, 200 commercially important bread wheat varieties that were cultivated between 1931 and 2017 in Turkey were screened in terms of black point, and the effect of black point was observed on thousand grain weight in all cultivars. The trials were conducted in accordance with the augmented block trial design in three environments during the 2016-17 growing season. A high variation was observed among the cultivars for black point and thousand grain weight. Twelve varieties (6% of populations) showed no discoloration (0.00%) in any environment, whereas 44 varieties (22% of population) showed discoloration rate more than 10.00%. The first three most susceptible cultivars showed black point percentages of 38.76, 32.08, and 27.5, respectively. In the remaining cultivars, eighty-eight showed discolorations up to 5.00%, whereas the rest demonstrated discoloration from 5.00% to 24.00%. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between black point damage and thousand grain weight (r=0.32). The reasonable interpretation is that the larger seed surfaces may have increased the effect of black point causes, such as pathogens and oxidative reactions. This screening enabled us to determine black point susceptible and tolerant cultivars in well-known bread wheat cultivars growing in Turkey. Hence, the results will be useful for wheat production and wheat breeding approaches in Turkey and around the world.
Segurança alimentar e nutricional: estratégias para a valorização da cultura alimentar em comunidades ribeirinhas de Abaetetuba - PA
Authors: Ribeiro cardoso Raiane , Dias Ronnes de Azevedo , Cardoso Raiara Ribeiro , Abreu Leandro Lucas Piedade de , Guimarães Aline Carvalho de
Published: November 2022

O presente estudo surge a partir das experiências nas disciplinas dos Estágio de vivência I e II, do curso de Especialização em Extensão, Inovação Socioambiental e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas Agroalimentares (AGIS) – PROFIMA/NUMA, da Universidade Federal do Pará. Disciplinas essas que possibilitaram a convivencia com comunidades tradicionais como: Maracapucu Palmar e Ipiramanha, ambas localizadas na região das ilhas de Abaetetuba Pará. A partir do contato diário com a rotina dos atores locais, podemos perceber que os mesmos se encontram em Transição Nutricional “que é um processo de modificações sequenciais no padrão de nutrição e consumo, que acompanham mudanças econômicas, sociais e demográficas, e do perfil de saúde das populações”. É importante ressaltar que a maioria dos dados sobre a transição nutricional no Brasil vem de centros urbanos e poucos encontrados acerca da transição nutricional ocorrendo nas regiões rurais, especialmente das áreas rurais do Norte, que inclui a Bacia Amazônica, pois esta região são frequentemente excluídas dos inquéritos nacionais. O Objetivo da pesquisa foi conhecer a forma de alimentação das familias presentes nessas comunidades, a relação do alimento com a cultura e assim propor formas de valorização dos alimentos presentes na região, dessa forma utilizamos diversos arcabouços metodologicos para atingir o objetivo desejado, entre eles, pesquisas de campo (entrevistas e observações) e pesquisas bibliograficas.
Silo bolsa como solução logística para armazenagem temporária de soja úmida na colheita
Authors: Campanholi Willian , De souza Icaro , Ruffato Solenir
Published: November 2022

Uma problemática do sistema produtivo de grãos no Brasil tem sido o déficit de capacidade estática para a armazenagem, caracterizado por poucas unidades armazenadoras em nível fazenda, principalmente no estado de Mato Grosso que ainda apresenta sérios gargalos na colheita da soja por coincidir com o período de chuvas intensas. Com isso, o armazenamento temporário em silo bolsa tem sido uma alternativa emergencial adotada pelos produtores. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o armazenamento temporário de soja úmida em silo bolsa, verificando os efeitos sobre a qualidade dos grãos. Foi utilizado um silo bolsa padrão de 60 m, sendo embutido soja úmida por 12 dias, com diferentes teores de água (27,0; 25,7 e 22 %b.u.), configurando três pontos de coleta. Foram realizadas amostragens periódicas em cada ponto e avaliadas propriedades físicas e fisiológicas e, classificação padrão. Os resultados obtidos indicam grande variação da qualidade e aumento de defeitos nos grãos de soja se armazenados com teor de água acima de 22 %b.u. Há vantagens logísticas em realizar a armazenagem emergencial de soja umidade em silo bolsa para posterior pré-processamento.
A geodiversidade no ensino superior: estado da arte
Authors: Ávila Menandro Henrique , Figueiró Ronaldo
Published: November 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo traçar um panorama do ensino da geodiversidade em instituições de ensino superior – IES, como disciplina autônoma ou como parte integrante da grade curricular de disciplinas correlatas. Para sua elaboração, foi realizado um levantamento inicial sobre os cursos de graduação na área ambiental mais bem avaliados pelo MEC, tendo como base o Conceito Preliminar de Curso - CPC. O resultado confirmou a hipótese inicial: poucas eram as disciplinas e/ou conteúdos programáticos abordando tal objeto.  Conclui-se que, apesar das premissas legais que atestam a importância do estudo e da proteção da geodiversidade, sua abordagem ainda é incipiente na formação superior do país, o que, por sua vez, pode estar por trás da baixa presença da geodiversidade nas principais ferramentas de preservação e conservação da natureza.
A presença das relações étnico-culturais na literatura infantojuvenil - um reflexo da BNCC
Authors: Oliveira Bianca Silva , Almeida Débora Dutra , Quadros Silvia Cristina de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

O presente texto trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico e exploratório com o objetivo de subsidiar uma reflexão sobre as relações étnico-culturais, e o entendimento sobre os processos do aprendizado efetivo da leitura nas séries iniciais do Ensino fundamental. Para tanto, serão retomadas as propostas governamentais da Base nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), suas competências gerais, e como dialogam com o tema das relações étnico-culturais. Serão apresentadas possíveis metodologias que explicam o processo de aprendizagem e o uso da leitura como estratégia de aprendizagem. Após a revisão da literatura, escolheu-se uma obra literária direcionada ao público infantojuvenil analisada conforme à adequação à faixa etária e a interação do sujeito com o texto. A análise também contou com uma checagem dos requisitos da BNCC presentes na obra analisada, conforme a temática abordada. Como resultados, foi possível ressaltar a importância do ensino das relações étnico-culturais nas séries iniciais no Ensino Fundamental, e como esse ensino só será possível através de uma metodologia adequada para a faixa etária e uma estratégia de aprendizagem efetiva e com uso de recursos ricos em conteúdo a partir de uma leitura conscientizadora e reflexiva. Também se constatou a importância da BNCC, como uma base curricular sólida, que oferece à comunidade acadêmica competências/habilidades e conteúdos a serem tratados no currículo escolar.
Reações e aspectos emocionais dos profissionais de enfermagem nos cuidados pós morte
Authors: Silva Leão Maria Hercilia , Gomes de Araújo Erick Leonardo , Damasceno de Oliveira Ynara Aparecida , Vaz Machado Flavio , Silveira-Alves Aline
Published: November 2022

Apesar de parecer um processo simples a morte e mais complexa do que aparenta ser, pois envolve várias etapas como, por exemplo, o preparo do corpo que são cuidados concedidos ao corpo após a constatação medica do óbito afim de preservar sempre a imagem do paciente. Esses cuidados são atribuídos a equipe de enfermagem de um hospital e vai muito, além disso, pois quando esses pacientes chegam a obitar esses profissionais se sentem abalados emocionalmente. Visando relatar e descrever as reações e sentimentos vivenciados pela equipe de enfermagem nos cuidados pós morte esse artigo usa a metodologia de artigos bibliográficos para constatação dessas emoções.
Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis como um problema de saúde pública: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Fabio José Antonio da , Veiga Daiane de Oliveira Campos da , Silva Tiago de Melo , Silva Itaécio Felipe , Costa Michel da
Published: November 2022

O presente estudo objetivou identificar evidências científicas acerca dos principais desafios enfrentados no sistema de saúde, decorrentes dos altos índices de DCNT. Este estudo, trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, cujo intuito foi reunir diferentes estudos publicados sobre o tema, de maneira objetiva e imparcial a fim de responder a pergunta em questão. Para a realização da pesquisa, foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados científicas SCIELO, LILACS e BRISA. Dentre os principais desafios enfrentados no sistema de saúde, decorrentes dos altos índices de DCNT, destacam-se a evasão dos pacientes aos serviços de saúde, e um dos maiores motivos para tal situação é o incentivo da equipe de saúde para o comparecimento de consultas e acompanhamentos periódicos. A partir dessa compreensão, destaca-se também a precariedade da renda familiar e este grupo em situação vulnerável se enquadra como um importante problema de saúde pública.  Portanto, essa revisão evidenciou a importância da incorporação de educação em saúde, bem como, a necessidade de ampliar e qualificar as ações de assistência e promoção à saúde por meio da Atenção Primária.
O enfrentamento dos profissionais da saúde ao combate a pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Silva Fabio José Antonio da , Brito Evandro de Oliveira , Costa Michel da , Silva Cristiano Souza da , Sanchotene Ismael Jung
Published: November 2022

A pandemia por COVID-19, se deu início em 2019 e foi capaz de restringir interações sociais e profissionais, distanciando fisicamente as comunidades. Os protocolos para cuidados de saúde profissionais, funcionários administrativos e pacientes foram incluídos para tentar implementar as melhores medidas de prevenção contra a infecção por COVID-19 em público ou privado e instalações de saúde.  O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer um levantamento sobre a real situação do profissional da área da saúde no momento da pandemia COVID-19, abordando o enfrentamento dos agentes da saúde tais como, distanciamento social, cuidados pessoal. Por meio de um estudo de revisão de literatura com abordagem descritiva e qualitativa, pode-se concluir que o ambiente em torno de pacientes com COVID-19 é amplamente contaminado. Para proteger os profissionais de saúde, infecção mais completa são necessárias diretrizes de prevenção e controle, bem como métodos de prevenção para evitar a transmissão de COVID-19 por contato. As diretrizes de sugerem luvas, aventais, respiradores e protetores de olhos como EPI durante o atendimento ao paciente COVID-19.
Construção de tecnologia para avaliação fonoaudiológica por profissionais de saúde acerca do estado clínico do paciente
Authors: Araújo Antonia Amanda Souza Araújo , Costa Ana Virgínia Sales Monte , Araújo Mariana Rodrigues de , Feitosa Nayara Andressa Normandia , Pinheiro Joana Angélica Marques
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Desenvolver material educativo voltado a profissionais de saúde acerca do perfil do paciente pneumopata para submissão da avaliação fonoaudiológica Métodos: Estudo descritivo, realizado em um hospital de referência em Cardiopneumologia, com profissionais médicos pneumologistas. Os dados foram submetidos a análise temática proposta por Minayo. Resultados: De acordo com os depoimentos, foram elencados cinco eixos temáticos “A escassez de profissionais da fonoaudiologia”, “Contribuições da Residência Multiprofissional para o serviço”, “O momento mais adequado para avaliação fonoaudiológica”, “Dificuldade de compreender quando realizar avaliação fonoaudiológica”. “Quando solicitar avaliação fonoaudiológica”, as falas dos profissionais mostraram que não compreendem o fazer da categoria de fonoaudiologia como também em que momento solicitar avaliação fonoaudiológica. Conclusão: Evidenciou que ainda existe fragilidade no conhecimento dos profissionais da categoria médica quanto ao fazer da categoria de fonoaudiologia no âmbito hospitalar e compreender o melhor estado clínico do paciente para realizar parecer fonoaudiológico.
Abordagem do livro didático sobre o conteúdo do solo no ensino de ciências no Ensino Fundamental na cidade de Ariquemes – RO
Authors: Da Cruz Samuel Nunes , Silveira Nathan Lima da , Oliveira Ivanildo Amorim de , Freitas Ludmila de
Published: November 2022

O livro didático é o recurso mais utilizado em todas as escolas públicas do Brasil. E trabalho tem como finalidade analisar a contextualização da temática de solos em coleções de livros didáticos de Ciências do Ensino Fundamental II, que foram aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, no período de 2020 a 2023 nas escolas públicas da cidade de Ariquemes/RO. Foram verificados os livros didáticos de três escolas, sendo os seguintes critérios analisados: temática contextualização, ilustração e terminologias. Os resultados foram analisados a partir de critérios fundamentados pelo referencial na área e contextualizados com a realidade deste ensinoe para complementar, utilizou-se a estatística multivariada através da técnica exploratória de sintetização dos dados denominada Análise de Componentes Principais. Os resultados mostram diferentes qualidade entre os livros sendo positivo ou negativo, a depender dos critérios avaliados. Houve variação nos resultados obtidos pelos livros selecionados, onde as análises quali-quantitativa do livro 1 obteve melhor abordagem do tema solos, adotado pelo Colégio I, em sequencia o livro 2, adotado pelo Colégio II e por último o livro 3 escolhido pelo Colégio III.
Educação ambiental: confecção de vasos suspensos a partir da reutilização de pneus inservíveis
Authors: Felix Simone Auxiliadora de Oliveira , Silva Enio Gomesa da , Freitas Ludmila de
Published: November 2022

A Educação Ambiental é um tema amplamente discutido frente à sociedade, sobretudo no âmbito escolar, essa discussão foi potencializada após a instituição de leis que determinam a educação ambiental como tema transversal, podendo assim ser abordada em qualquer nível ou modalidade de ensino. O objetivo do trabalho foi promover a Educação Ambiental, por meio da sensibilização e da demonstração de ações estratégicas de reutilização de pneus inservíveis. Primeiramente foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em artigos de periódicos, dissertações, teses, revistas especializadas e legislações vigentes sobre o tema abordado. Para o andamento da atividade prática relacionada aos objetivos específicos, foram estabelecidos os seguintes caminhos: Primeira etapa - coleta e preparo dos pneus; segunda etapa - confecção dos vasos suspensos; terceira etapa - exposição; quarta etapa - foi ministrada uma palestra de conscientização da Educação Ambiental. Com ainiciativa deste trabalho, possibilitou a sensibilização de alunos e professores sobre a importância do descarte adequado de pneus e os benefícios que projetos como esse podem contribuir para as instituíções, para o meio ambiente e a toda sociedade, mesmo sendo em pequena escala.
Magnetic resonance imaging and clinical evaluation of the temporo-mandibular joint after mandibular reconstruction
Authors: Omar Mohamed Refaat , Mohamed Fatma Ibrahim , Sadek Hassan Gamal , Abdelsalam Reham Abdelrahman , Ahmed Eslam Sayed , Mohamed Emadeldin Saad
Published: November 2022

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess, clinically and by MRI the short and long term effect of unilateral mandibular segmental repair by reconstruction plate on the ipsilateral and contralateral TMJ. 18 adult patients (12 male & 6 female) with history of mandibular reconstruction by titanium reconstruction bone plate were included. The age range was 32-66 years (mean 49years). The condyle in the reconstruction side was preserved. Based on the follow up period following the reconstruction, three groups were established. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for all patients at the recommended follow up periods. Clinical examination also was done for all the patients in the same intervals. The result of this study demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences noted between the three groups regarding the clinical data and also there were no significant differences between the MRI findings in all groups.
Self-care in primary health care in the nursing career
Authors: Macias-Alvia Aida Monserrate , Zambrano-Santos Roberth Olmedo , Zambrano-Ubillus Roberth Patricio , Ubillús-Saltos Sonia
Published: November 2022

Self-care of health, basic in primary care, deserves to be reinforced in the training of Nursing professionals. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a proposal for teaching self-care in primary health care (PHC) aimed at teachers and students of said career for the promotion of self-care. This analytical, longitudinal, and prospective study, with a pre-experimental design, was carried out at the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, in Ecuador. 187 5th and 8th grade students were selected. semesters and the total number of teachers (n: 14) who teach PHC-related subjects, in order to make a diagnosis of the level of knowledge about self-care, establish a competency profile and propose organized methodologies in a didactic proposal to be incorporated into Nursing career.
Assessment of hormonal profile with the genetic variation in different breeds of falcon in Iraq
Authors: Madhi Draid Niama , Hatif Saad Akram
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to assessment the hormonal assay in the reproductive season of falcon in Iraq in the period duration between January to April, the animal used different breeds Saker falcon _ Falco peregrinus –and Falco tinnunculus), due to selection of breeding used in the reproduction .The objective of study was to characterize the level of testosterone hormone related with the androgen receptor gene polymorphism between deferent breeds of falcon. Blood samples were collected from metatarsal vein of males. Testosterone level recorded 9.15 ±0.74 ng, 9.23 ±0.58 ng, and 8.75 ±0.37 ng in the Falco peregrinus, gives at the result revealed significant differences between the breeds in the periods of season, initial ,middle ,and later subsequently. The molecular results revealed the polymorphism in the Falco tinnunculus. The genotype and allele frequency in the Falco peregrines and Flco Saker significantly at* (P≤0.05) in all genotypes the allele gives 4 (100%) to 0 (0%) in another one, while deferent read between genotypes in the Falco tinnunculus (P≤0.05), NS: Non-Significant, in the GG to TT, GG to AA, CC to GG, GG to AA, 2 (50%) and TT to GG at 1 (25%).
Creativity in the acquisition of cognitive skills in upper basic students
Authors: Muñoz-Muñoz Richard Eugenio , Barreiro-Vera Bella Aurora
Published: November 2022

Research has shown that the development of creativity in human beings, above all, from an early age, favors them in multiple aspects of their daily lives; being at the same time, the key to the acquisition of their cognitive abilities. Therefore, the present work focused on the review of creativity in students between 11 and 14 years of age from the "Amazonas" Educational Unit of the city of Chone, in the 2021-2022 school period. The stated objective was to determine the creativity in the acquisition of cognitive skills in the students of the upper basic. The study was developed under a mixed approach, since, due to its variables, it was necessary to combine both approaches, measure them on a scale and finally analyze them; based on a field and documentary bibliographical investigation; using the interview with the rector of the educational institution, and the survey with nine objective questions addressed to teachers, parents and students; where the failures of the teacher's participation in the classroom were evidenced in a large percentage, such as: planning with non-creative didactic resources; limited training on innovative teaching strategies; and, decreased stimulation of cognitive development.
Anti-inflammatory Role of Blocking the Renin-angiotensin System: Future Prospective
Authors: Hamaamin Karmand Salih , Mahmood Naza Mohammed Ali
Published: November 2022

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was thought to be in charge of managing blood pressure and electrolytes. It has been established that angiotensin II is also responsible for controlling inflammation in addition to blood pressure and potassium levels. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensins (1–7), angiotensins (1–9), and other additional RAS components have been identified, and have anti-angiotensin II effects. Both angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are utilized as anti-hypertensive medications and protecting the heart and kidneys, and counteract the part played by Ang II in the initiation of inflammation. This review provides crucial details that help explain how ACEI and ARBs reduce inflammation. Using reliable websites like Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate, the most recent publications were reviewed. Search terms have included "RAS role of Ang II in inflammation," "influence of ACEI," and "effect of ARBs on PPAR-gamma." The data were gathered from controlled clinical trials, in vitro studies, and animal-based studies; preprints, article reviews, and meta-analysis studies were excluded. Both ACEIs and ARBs reduce inflammation via a variety of mechanisms, which explains their cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects. They reduce inflammation by modulating an inflammatory pathway through either similar or dissimilar mechanisms.
למידה רב־גילית
Authors: שלום מיה , לוצאטו אפרת
Published: November 2022

כיתות רב־גיליות אינן נטע זר במערכת החינוך. המבנה החד־גילי אומץ על ידי מערכת החינוך, אף על פי שאינו מייצג את העולם האמיתי שבו מתקיימות אינטראקציות בין בני אדם ללא קשר לגילם הכרונולוגי. נשאלת השאלה אפוא, מהו מקורו של המבנה החד־גילי, ומהם יתרונותיה של הלמידה הרב־גילית?
תקריות קריטיות ככלי למחקר וללמידה בהכשרת אנשי חינוך
Authors: עואד-תאברי סאוסן
Published: November 2022

שיטת התקריות הקריטיות היא כלי מחקר איכותני שמאפשר זיהוי דפוסים התורמים להצלחת פעולות ותהליכים שונים. במהלך השנים השתמשו בשיטת התקריות הקריטיות ככלי מחקר יישומי במגוון תחומים, במיוחד בתהליכי למידה, הוראה והכשרה מקצועית, ובכלל זה בחינוך. מקור השיטה הוא עבודתו של פלנגן, שנערכה במסגרת תוכנית הפסיכולוגיה התעופתית של חיל האוויר האמריקאי בזמן מלחמת העולם השנייה. השיטה הומצאה ככלי לבחינה ולהערכה של תהליך הכשרת הטייסים ושל פעולתם המשימתית. לאחר המלחמה המשיך פלנגן להעמיק בפיתוח השיטה במסגרת המכון האמריקאי למחקר.
מיומנות חשיבה אסטרטגית לפתרון בעיות
Authors: פורטנוב נאמן ילנה
Published: November 2022

המונח 'אסטרטגיה' פופולרי מאוד, וניתן למצוא שימושים שלו בתחומים שונים, כמו עסקים, שיווק ומכירות, פוליטיקה, משחקי מחשב, תורת המשחקים וצבא. מקור המילה 'אסטרטגיה' הוא ביוונית ומשמעותה מפַקד צבאי, הנהגה של אנשים והובלתם. סוקרטס ייחס את המילה 'אסטרטגיה' לאנשים שמעורבים בתהליך תכנוני ושצריכים לארגן את משאביהם באופן מיטבי כדי להשיג את מטרותיהם. עם הזמן התרחב השימוש במונח אסטרטגיה לתחומים נוספים, בין השאר גם לתחום החינוך שבו נעשתה המילה 'אסטרטגיה' פופולרית אחרי פרסום ספרו של המתמטיקאי ג'ורג' פּוּיָה 'כיצד פותרים זאת?'. בספרו עסק פּוּיָה באסטרטגיה כגורם מרכזי בבניית תוכנית פעולה לפתרון בעיות. נוסף על כך, בתיאוריות הקלסיות והמודרניות התנהגות מוכוונת מטרה נחקרת במובנים של אסטרטגיה, כלומר זיהוי המטרה ובנייה של מערכת פעולות מנטליות ופיזיות כדי להשיגה. במילים אחרות, אסטרטגיות הן פעולות מנטליות מכוונות מטרה שמטרתן לפתור בעיות. פעולות אלה מתבטאות בתחום מסוים ומיועדות לסייע ברכישת ידע ובשימוש בידע.
הקונפליקט והדיאלוג של החינוך הדמוקרטי
Authors: רייכרט רביב
Published: November 2022

החינוך הדמוקרטי הוא במהותו חינוך מתקן עולם. המושג 'חינוך מתקן עולם' נגזר מטענתו של ג'ון דיואי, הפילוסוף ואיש החינוך האמריקני בספרו ניסיון וחינוך: "חושבני שדי בידיעת מה בתולדות החינוך כדי להוכיח שרק מתקנים ומחדשים חינוכיים הרגישו בצורך בפילוסופיה של החינוך. כל אלה שדבקו בשיטה הקיימת הזדקקו רק למילים מצלצלות אחדות כדי להצדיק את הנוהג הקיים". מן הדברים האלה משתמע שדיואי מבחין בין החינוך הדבק בשיטה הקיימת לבין חינוך מתקן ומחדש. בעיניו, חינוך מתקן עולם הוא חינוך המטיל ספק ב'נוהג הקיים' מתוך תפיסה כוללת שהיא הפילוסופיה של החינוך. הקישור בין התיקון לבין הדמוקרטיה עולה מכך שדיואי ניסח 'פילוסופיה גדולה' על החינוך שבבסיסה תפיסה כוללת הנשענת על תיאור של ה'חיים הטובים', על בחינת הפער בין המציאות לבין חזונו בדבר 'החיים הטובים' ועל הצבעה על מערכת חינוך הבנויה על עקרונות, על מטרות ועל שיטות שיביאו לידי הגשמתו של החזון. 'החיים הטובים' מתמצים בעיני דיואי בדמוקרטיה שהיא, לתפיסתו, יותר מצורת ממשל; היא דרך לבני אדם לחיות יחדיו בחירות ובאחריות. בשל כך משתמע מן הטענה שהוצגה לעיל שדיואי תופס 'חינוך מתקן עולם' כחינוך שאמור לתקן את החברה ולקרב את המציאות החברתית אל החזון של החיים הטובים, שהוא, כאמור, חיים המבוססים על התפיסה הדמוקרטית הכוללת המאפשרת לבני אדם לחיות יחד בחירות ובאחריות.
הערכה חלופית
Authors: סופר-ויטל שירה , פינקלשטיין עידית
Published: November 2022

בבתי הספר ובהשכלה הגבוהה השתרשה מזה זמן רב תרבות של הערכה ומתן ציונים, והם מרכיב חיוני, מכונן ויסודי של תהליכי הלמידה וההוראה בחברה המערבית. עם זאת, עולות תהיות ושאלות לגבי עצם ההערכה של ידע. למשל, מהו ידע? כיצד ידע יכול לבוא לידי ביטוי בתהליכי הוראה, למידה והערכה? מה ראוי וחשוב להעריך? כיצד ניתן להעריך? שאלות אלה מקבלות משנה תוקף בשל השינויים המהירים בטכנולוגיה, בחברה ובכלכלה, אשר התעצמו אף יותר בעקבות משבר הקורונה. שינויים אלה מחייבים התאמה של מטרות החינוך במאה ה־21, ומימושן מחייב שינוי מהותי בהוראה ובהערכה. הערכה חלופית מציעה לעבור ממיקוד בהערכה כמדידה למיקוד באבחון הלמידה לשם שיפורה. בהקשר של הערכה המתבססת על למידה שתהא משמעותית עבור הלומד, עולות שאלות חשובות, כגון האם וכיצד מעריכים נטיות ומיומנויות של יצירתיות, גמישות מחשבתית, חשיבה ביקורתית, תקשורת בין־אישית, חברתיות, ויסות רגשי, תחושת מסוגלות, שייכות ואוטונומיה?
דחיסות לקסיקלית בהוראת שפה ובהערכתה
Authors: ח'ליל אבו-רביעה איהאב
Published: November 2022

פיתוח מיומנות הכתיבה הוא פעילות בסיסית בתהליך ההוראה, וחיבורים הנכתבים בזמן מוגבל הם לרוב האמצעי להערכתה. נמצא שממגוון המאפיינים הלשוניים שלפיהם אפשר להעריך את איכות הכתיבה, כגון מאפיינים לקסיקליים, תחביריים, פונולוגיים ומורפולוגיים, תכונות של אוצר מילים הן אמצעי ניבוי חזק לאיכות הכתיבה יותר מאשר תכונות לשוניות אחרות, על כן פותחו מדדים רבים להערכת מיומנות לקסיקלית. בבסיס ערך זה יוצג מדד לקסיקלי – מדד הדחיסות הלקסיקלית – ויוצעו לו יישומים להוראה ולהערכה מדויקת יותר של מיומנות הכתיבה בשפת אם ובשפה שנייה.
נוירוני מראה
Authors: שלום מיה , לוצאטו אפרת
Published: November 2022

השאלה כיצד אנו מבינים אנשים אחרים וכיצד אנו חווים אותם היא שאלה מרתקת המעסיקה חוקרים בתחומי דעת רבים, ביניהם פילוסופים, פסיכולוגים, סוציולוגים, אנשי חינוך ועוד. במהלך השנים האחרונות מספק תחום הדעת של מדעי המוח זווית נוספת לשאלה זו הודות לגילויָם של נוירוני המראה (mirror neurons). מאמר זה יציג את הרקע לתגלית נוירוני המראה ותפקידם, אחת התגליות המשמעותיות בתחום חקר המוח. התגלית הזאת העמיקה את ההבנה שלנו על למידה חברתית, כמו תהליכי החִברות וגילויי אמפתיה בקרב בני אדם ובקרב בעלי חיים.
Lazca Söz Varlığında Türkçe Fiil Kopyaları
Authors: BAYRAK Ayhan
Published: November 2022

Lazca, Türkiye’de ağırlıklı olarak Rize’nin doğu ilçelerinden başlamak üzere Gürcistan sınırına kadar olan bölgelerde konuşulan yerel bil dildir. Kafkas dilleri arasında gösterilen ve Türkçe gibi eklemeli diller grubunda yer alan Lazca UNESCO Dünya Tehlike Altındaki Diller Atlası’na göre yok olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya bulunmaktadır. Lazca; Türkçe ile sıkı ilişkileri bulunan bir dildir, bu ilişki eski zamanlara kadar gider. Osmanlıların 15. yüzyılda Doğu Karadeniz bölgesini alması Lazca - Türkçe ilişkileri için bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. Bu tarihten sonra zamanla Türk kültürü bölgeye hâkim olamaya, Türkçe bölgede üst katman dili hâline gelmeye, Lazca konuşanlar Türkçeyi de kullanmaya başlamıştır. Bu durumun sonucu olarak Lazca söz varlığı da önemli ölçüde Türkçenin etkisi altına girmiştir. Türkçeden Lazcaya başta isimler olmak üzere sıfat, zarf, fiil gibi farklı türde sözcüklerle beraber anlamlar da kopyalanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Arhavi’nin Ortacalar köyünde konuşulan Lazcadaki Türkçe fiil kopyaları üzerinde durulmuştur. İnceleme ve araştırma sonucu obeceu (becermek), oçalişu (çalışmak), oduşunu (düşünmek), oǩisǩanu (kıskanmak) gibi dokuz fiilin kopyalandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu fiillerin Lazca ses ve söyleyiş özelliklerine uyum gösterdiği, Lazca gramer kurallarına göre şekil aldığı görülmüştür. Bu durum Türkçenin Lazcaya gramatik etkisinin bulunmadığını, sadece söz varlığını etkilediğini göstermektedir. Söz varlığında görülen bu fiil kopyaları Lazca üzerindeki Türkçe etkinin derinliğini ve yoğunluğunu ortaya çıkarmaktadır.
Development of REBT-based Police Guidance Program for Juvenile Delinquents
Authors:   Korean Association of Rational Emotive and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Park Ki-Young , Park Kyung-Ae
Published: November 2022

Currently, the police guidance program for juvenile delinquents has not been specific and implemented, and it has not been verified that it is effective in preventing juvenile delinquency again. The purpose of this study is to develop a police guidance program based on the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and verify its effectiveness in order to standardize a substantial guidance program at the police level. Through previous studies, representative emotional factors affecting juvenile delinquency were depression and anxiety, and self-esteem was functioning as a protective factor that could lower delinquency. A 3-day, 10-hour police guidance program was constructed that applied cognitive, emotional, and behavioral techniques of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. The subjects of the study were 18 juvenile delinquents criminally reported to N Police Station, and the same number of researchers conducted personal counseling, group activities, and group counseling, and pre-, post-, and follow-up examination on depression, anxiety, and self-esteem measures. As a result of the study, depression and anxiety significantly decreased in the post-, and follow-up examination, and self-esteem significantly improved only in the post-examination. This suggests that juvenile delinquents' efforts to convert irrational beliefs into rational beliefs can affect depression, anxiety, and self-esteem and prevent juvenile delinquency. Through follow-up research, it is suggested that the person in charge can easily and comfortably proceed with this program and that juvenile delinquents can participate safely.
A Review of the Literature of REBT for Traumatized People
Authors:   Korean Association of Rational Emotive and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Lee Kyung-Hyun
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the Rational emotional behavior therapy on the subjects who experienced trauma. The subjects of this study were experimental studies within the last ten years that provided REBT intervention to trauma subjects. In this study, the characteristics of REBT program applied to trauma-experienced people were reviewed and analyzed as what should be considered when developing the REBT program in the future. For this purpose, the types of trauma, specific methods of REBT application, and verification of effectiveness were summarized. The study results showed that REBT theory is suitable and valuable for dealing with irrational beliefs related to traumatic experiences. However, it is necessary to consider RCT designs and homogeneous subjects to maintain the effect size and secure sufficient scientific evidence in REBT intervention. Nevertheless, if the uniqueness and merits of REBT are fully reflected, it will be an effective intervention for trauma subjects. This study suggests various implications for REBT development for trauma subjects and will contribute to the development and spread of REBT in the future.