bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liturgical Motifs in V. V. Mayakovsky’s Poem “The Man”
Authors: Naumenko Kseniya Sergeevna
Published: June 2020

The study aims to determine the meaning and function of liturgical motifs and Christian allusions in V. Mayakovsky’s poem “The Man”. The article analyses motifs and images of the Christian culture, which reflect the lyrical self and are typical of V. Mayakovsky’s works. It is found that these motifs represent the poet’s vision of a man’s destiny, which allows for the persona’s nuanced individualisation. The study is novel in that it considers motifs and allusions irrespectively of the poet’s ideology and personal religious views, from the standpoint of continuing the artistic literary tradition of the XIX century. The attained results have shown that the Christian allusions and liturgical motifs help to understand the persona and the author’s point of view: he portrays a man who will be able to become Christlike.
Rural English Learner Education: A Review of Research and Call for a National Agenda
Authors: Coady Maria R.
Published: June 2020

The number of rural English learner (EL) students and families has increased over the past decade, due in part to U.S. immigration and economic policies. Educators in rural schools face challenges associated with EL education, including obtaining resources for language teaching and learning, identifying and retaining specialized teachers, and accessing professional development to support teachers and educational leaders in EL student learning. Other challenges include communicating with non-English-speaking families to support learning. The author reviews research on the intersecting areas of rural education and EL education. The subfield of rural EL education has been underexamined across the research community, and nationally there is need to examine the backgrounds, languages, and learning needs of this group of students. The author highlights five pressing areas: knowledge of the characteristics and demographics of EL students and families across rural designations; language education approaches, models, and practices for EL students; hiring and retaining teachers of ELs in rural settings; and professional development for mainstream teachers and leaders of rural EL students. This review calls for an organized national research agenda that begins to unravel rural EL education and that offers a coherent direction for scholars, teacher-educators, and policymakers.
The Supervision-Evaluation Debate Meets the Theory-to-Practice Conundrum: Contemplations of a Practitioner Turned Professor
Authors: McGhee Marla W.
Published: June 2020

This article explores the tension between instructional supervision and teacher evaluation inherent in the professional literature and in practice. Moreover, it suggests engaging in formal appraisal processes less often to allow instructional leaders and classroom teachers more time for formative support for growth and improvement. Finally, this piece offers a range of formative development options and advocates teachers as educational professionals at a time when teacher quality and retention to the profession are paramount.
Delivering on the Promise of Support for Growth? Evaluator Perceptions of a New State Teacher Evaluation System
Authors: Paufler Noelle A. , King Kelly M. , Zhu Ping
Published: June 2020

This cross-case synthesis gives voice to evaluators in EC-12 and higher education settings who are enacting a state-mandated system of teacher evaluation and support by examining their perceptions of the Texas Teacher Evaluation and Support System (T-TESS). Questions addressed included: How do differently situated school administrators and supervisors 1) understand the model, 2) describe the implementation of its elements, 3) understand and enact their roles, and 4) assess the impact of the model? Data from EC-12 school principals and clinical supervisors at the university level indicates the system establishes a comprehensive definition of quality teaching. However, model complexity creates challenges. Coaching and mentoring requires time and expertise, and impact on student learning is unclear, raising the question of whether there is space for support through supervision in a model also used for accountability. Combining support with a reified model of evaluation leaves evaluators to negotiate inherent tensions.
Making a Shift in Teacher Evaluation
Authors: Carreiro Diane M.
Published: June 2020

The educator evaluation process can be a compliance task as well as an arduous process causing stress and anxiety for educators and their evaluators. The evaluation process in this suburban district is changing. Educators and evaluators are working together to create a new knowledge base and share it amongst their school community and others. Educators are being allowed voice and choice when determining how they will be evaluated and the areas in which they are going to focus their own personal growth. Teachers are becoming school-based experts on the topics that they are learning and researching. This has allowed for not only trust and genuine mutual respect to grow but also innovative practices to be fostered within the school community. Educator evaluation is changing, and it is becoming a tool that is offering our educators and schools new opportunities for self-reflection and growth.
Strategy of Packaging Pangandaran Tour as Leading Marine Tour Product of Travel Agents in Bandung
Authors: Fajri Khoirul , Karini Rieke Sri Rizki Asti
Published: June 2020

After the separation of Pangandaran from Ciamis regency of West Java, which is based on Indonesian law no. 21 of 2012 on the Establishment of District Pangandaran in West Java province. The medium-term development plan of the government of West Java has stipulated that in the next five years, the tourism sector will become a development locomotive in West Java. There are three leading tourism destinations in West Java Province, one of destination is Pangandaran Beach. This location will be developed as world-class destinations. The travel company can be used as a basis for developing tourism package products, specifically Pangandaran destinations, as marine tourism. This research will analyze the packaging strategy of Pangandaran tour packages by travel companies in Bandung as a superior marine tourism package. The analysis technique used by the SWOT (Strenght, Weakness, Opportunity, and threat) method is aimed at analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the internal side as well as analyzing the opportunities and threats from the external environment of travel companies that pack Pangandaran destination as a superior marine tourism package. The results of the study found that various potential strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities of travel companies in packaging Pangandaran tour packages as marine tourism packages. And some strategies of packaging Pangandaran tour as a product of excellent marine tour.
Storynomics Tourism as an Effective Marketing Strategy on Tourism Destination (Case Study on Tangkuban Parahu, West Java-Indonesia)
Authors: Kartika Titing , Riana Nova
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how the storynomics tourism approach can be used as an effective tourism marketing destination. In this case, Tangkuban Parahu in West Java, Indonesia. Tangkuban Parahu has historical and folklore values that are trusted by the wider community so that this will build the branding power of the destination. The challenge is how this message can be conveyed to tourists not only convey the value of myth but also packaged in other forms so as to provide educational value to each visitor. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. Data collection is done through observation, documentation, and interviews. The results show that the storynomics approach can be used as an effective strategy in marketing the Tangkuban Parahu destination, which can indirectly increase interest in visiting the place.
The genus Mirovia Reymanowna (Pinopsida): systematics and characteristics of the leaf structure
Authors: Nosova N. V.
Published: June 2020

The genus Mirovia was established by M. Reymanowna in 1985 for a single species M. szaferi Reymanowna described from the Middle Jurassic of southern Poland and originally referred to the ginkgoaleans. Later, M. N. Bose and S. Manum (1990) assigned it to the conifers, having chosen Mirovia as the type genus of the new family Miroviaceae.

The leaves of Mirovia are dimorphic — long and short. Long leaves are linear or lanceolate, short leaves being ⅓—.⁄₁₅ of the long ones, ovate-lanceolate, obovate or oval. Leaves are tapering towards the base, which is sometimes twisted. In some leaves, a small, 1—2 mm long, area at the base is plicate (pl. I, fig. 1—3, pl. II, fig. 7, 8, pl. V, fig. 3; Reymanowna, 1985, pl. I, fig. 2, 3, text-fig. A, M; Nosova, Wcisło-Luraniec, 2007, pl. 1, fig. 1, 13). Sometimes an abscission scar is preserved (pl. I, fig. 3, 4; Reymanowna, 1985, pl. I, fig. 2, 4; Nosova, Wcisło-Luraniec, 2007, pl. 1, fig. 13). There are two veins and 2—7 resin ducts in the leaf mesophyll. The leaves of Mirovia are characterized by stomata arranged in a single zone on the abaxial side of the leaf, which is not embedded into groove.

Records of Mirovia leaves are rather numerous in the Jurassic to the Cretaceous of Arctic Canada, Greenland, Europe, Middle Asia, Siberia and Far East (Florin 1922; Samylina, 1961, 1963; Abramova, 1985; Kiritchkova, 1985; Reymanowna, 1985; Manum, 1987; Bose, Manum, 1990; Manum et al., 1991; Hvalj, 1997; Watson et al., 2001; Nosova, 2001; Nosova, Wcisło-Luraniec, 2007; Gordenko, 2007, 2008; Nosova, Kiritchkova, 2008; Bugdaeva, Markevich, 2009).

For the first time, remains of Mirovia is reported here from the Late Cretaceous of the Sverdlovsk oblast’ (the Urals) and from the Tambov oblast’ (European Russia, age unknown). The epidermal structure of the leaves from the Sverdlovsk oblast’ fi ts the diagnosis of M. neosibirica (L. Abramova) N. Nosova from the Cenomanian-Turonian of the New Siberian Islands (Russia) (Abramova, 1985; Nosova, 2001; Nosova, Wcisło-Luraniec, 2007). The single leaf of Mirovia from the Tambov oblast’ has similar morphological and epidermal features to the leaves of M. szaferi from the Bathonian of Poland (Reymanowna, 1985; Nosova, Wcisło-Luraniec, 2007).

The epidermal structure of the leaves from the Early Cretaceous of the Lena coal basin (Eastern Siberia), identifi ed as M. macrophylla (Florin) N. Nosova (Nosova, Wcisło-Luraniec, 2007), was studied in detail. The diagnosis of M. sibirica (Samyl.) M. N. Bose et Manum (Samylina, 1963; Bose, Manum, 1990) from the Berriasian—Valanginian of the Lena coal basin is emended. The leaves of Mirovia from the Bajocian of Norway (M. macrophylla), the Kimmeridgian of Scotland (M. scotica (Florin) N. Nosova), and the Albian of West Greenland (M. hallei (Florin) N. Nosova), stored in the Museum of Natural History of Sweden (Stockholm), are reconsidered.

Diagnostic features of Mirovia leaves are discussed and an emended diagnosis of the genus is provided.
The Yana floristic assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous volcanic deposits of the northern coast of Sea of Okhotsk
Authors: Golovneva L. B. , Shczepetov S. V.
Published: June 2020

The Yana floristic assemblage occurs from tuffs and tuffites of the upper part of the Ola Formation (the Campanian) of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt (OCVB). The locality is situated in the upper part of the Yana River basin (Magadan Region). The Yana assemblage is composed of 18 taxa:
Polypodiophyta: Cladophlebis sp., Mygdykitia ochotica Golovn. et Shczep., gen. et sp. nov.
Cycadopsida: Ctenis paljavaensis Philipp.
Czekanowskiopsida: Phoenicopsis ex gr. angustifolia Heer
Pinopsida: Picea yanensis Golovn. et Shczep., sp. nov., Piсea sp., Pityostrobus sp., Pityolepis sp. 1, 2, Pityocladus sp., Cupressinocladus sp., Elatocladus anorovii Golovn. et Shczep., sp. nov.
Magnoliopsida: Quereuxia angulata (Newb.) Krysht. ex Baik., Trochodendroides sp. 1, 2, Dicotylophyllum sp. 1—3.

Among them, three species and one genus are firstly described. According to general systematic composition the Yana floristic assemblage is similar to the Ola flora (the Campanian) from the Arman River and the Maltan River basins and has some common taxa with the Chaun flora (the Coniacian) of the Central Chukotka. But the Yana assemblage does not contain typical species of the Ola and the Chaun floras and differs from them by some endemic species.

The Yana floristic assemblage comes from coarse-grained weakly stratified tuffites, whereas the plant remains of the Ola flora are usually connected with fi ne-grained bedded volcanogenic-terrigenous lacustrine deposits. It is possible to assume, that the Yana floristic assemblage reflects the vegetation of upland slope habitats, whereas the Ola flora characterizes the vegetation of lowlands near the lakes at volcanic plateau.
Protecting older adults of Sri Lanka amid COVID-19
Authors: Marasinghe Keshini Madara
Published: June 2020

Older adults over 60 are at a higher risk of getting severely sick and dying from COVID–19. Sri Lanka has one of the fastest aging populations in South and South–East Asia. In addition to having a rapidly aging population, Sri Lanka is a developing country with limited resources to accommodate the older population that can be significantly affected by COVID–19. Statistics up to date shows that older adults are at a much higher risk of dying from COVID–19. Older adults being at a much higher risk of contracting and dying from COVID–19 has important implications for the way in which public health and clinical responses should be developed. These implications have been largely overlooked in both high and low and middle–income countries when providing guidance and implementing regulations, which can have a greater impact in low and middle–income countries. Preparedness of the healthcare systems to respond to the pandemic with a lack of facilities, resources (i.e., ventilators) and staff in the healthcare system, specifically in hospitals, intensive care units and long–term care homes is a concern that should be taken into consideration when clinical responses are developed. Challenges around protecting community–dwelling older adults who are caregivers to grandchildren, receiving informal care from children in the same household, living in living in remote areas, or living alone or dependent on others need to be taken into consideration when developing public health responses.
Heterogeneous thermoset/thermoplastic recycled carbon fiber composite materials for second-generation composites
Authors: Mamanpush Seyed Hossein , Tabatabaei Azadeh Tavousi
Published: June 2020

With an increase in the use of carbon fiber composites in the aerospace and automobile industry a collateral issue of what to do with end-of-life carbon fiber composites has risen. In this study, we successfully developed a second-generation composite using a heterogenous mixture of thermoset and thermoplastic recycled carbon fiber composites (CFCs). The recovered vinyl ester and epoxy CFCs were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis. Adhesive performance was evaluated through double lap shear tests by melt-bonding a thermoplastic polyether ether ketone (PEEK) CFC to either the thermoset epoxy or vinyl ester CFC. The waste carbon fiber composites were also mechanically milled and classified through screening techniques. The resulting milled materials were used to form and produce composite panels through high temperature compression molding. The influence of particle size and platen temperature were evalauted through mechanical testing. Results indicate that melt-bonding with the vinyl ester/CFC exhibited significantly higher lap shear strength values than that between epoxy/CFC and PEEK. Findings also show that adding thermoset CFCs to the thermoplastic system (PEEK) enhanced the flexural properties of composites.
Teaching sarcasm: Evaluating metapragmatic training for typically-developing children
Authors: Lee Kate , Sidhu David , Pexman Penny M.
Published: June 2020

Sarcasm is a common form of social language but one that can be challenging for children to understand. We investigated whether training can enhance children’s ability to understand sarcasm. Participants were 111 five- to six- year-olds, assigned to either the training or control condition. In both conditions, children were first shown a series of puppet shows. Each puppet show ended with a sarcastic or literal remark. After each show children were asked about speaker belief, intent, and humour. Children’s responses were used to estimate their pre-training sarcasm understanding. In the training condition, children were taught what sarcasm was and what cues to look for as they interacted with the researcher over a set of stories where characters made either sarcastic or literal remarks. In the control condition children read a non-sarcastic storybook with the researcher. Children’s understanding of sarcasm was then re-assessed using another series of puppet shows. For children who were not already proficient in sarcasm understanding, training was associated with more accurate speaker belief and intent responses and more accurate sarcasm detection. Training was not related to children’s speaker humour responses. Thus, the findings of the present study provide evidence that aspects of children’s sarcasm understanding can be enhanced through training. The training paradigm could be developed further to test its effectiveness in other populations who struggle with sarcasm understanding, and to help refine theories of irony development.
Pricing Model and Credit Valuation Adjustment
Authors: Xiao Tim
Published: June 2020

This article presents a generic model for pricing derivatives subject to counterparty credit risk. We study various cases: one-way and two-way, single payment and multiple payments, positive and negative payoffs. Our theory shows that the valuation of defaultable derivatives in most situations requires a backward induction procedure. There is an intuitive way of understanding these backward induction behaviours: We can think that any defaultable derivative with two-way credit risk embeds two default options. In other words, when entering a defaultable financial transaction, one party grants the other party an option to default and, at the same time, also receives an option to default itself. In theory, default may occur at any time. Therefore, default options are American style options that normally require a backward induction valuation. https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/jc43a/download
Quantum Computer: Quantum Model and Reality
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: June 2020

Any computer can create a model of reality. The hypothesis that quantum computer can generate such a model designated as quantum, which coincides with the modeled reality, is discussed. Its reasons are the theorems about the absence of “hidden variables” in quantum mechanics. The quantum modeling requires the axiom of choice. The following conclusions are deduced from the hypothesis. A quantum model unlike a classical model can coincide with reality. Reality can be interpreted as a quantum computer. The physical processes represent computations of the quantum computer. Quantum information is the real fundament of the world. The conception of quantum computer unifies physics and mathematics and thus the material and the ideal world. Quantum computer is a non-Turing machine in principle. Any quantum computing can be interpreted as an infinite classical computational process of a Turing machine. Quantum computer introduces the notion of “actually infinite computational process”. The discussed hypothesis is consistent with all quantum mechanics. The conclusions address a form of neo-Pythagoreanism: Unifying the mathematical and physical, quantum computer is situated in an intermediate domain of their mutual transformations.
Conic Sections, Kafka’s Babel
Authors: Horn Simon
Published: June 2020

Before we can think building, or Kafka’s buildings, we must bring a little-known Kafka into view: not the narrator of built worlds, but the theorist of the unbuilt. Kafka stakes out his theory on the construction site of the Tower of Babel, the originary unbuilt building. Yet Kafka finds that Babel is most present precisely when it is most absent—that the nothing where the Tower should stand is the source of a strangely strong faith, the sure foundation of all our politics. Producing space and time, Kafka’s Babel draws us unwittingly into a regime of conic sections: ideal shapes of authority and desire that, without our laying even the first brick, build our world.
The Moral Meaning of Babel: Kafka, Ahad Ha’am, Borges
Authors: North Paul
Published: June 2020

The moral meaning of the Tower of Babel is diaspora, but there are many thoughts of diaspora. A comparative evaluation of disapora thoughts is needed. I compare two esoteric ones, that of Ahad Ha’am and Jorge Luis Borges, with some reference to Franz Kafka, in order to evaluates the effects of a pattern of dispersal on a human community. In the battle between Borges’s and Ha’am’s diaspora thoughts, the more radical and morally better pattern belongs to the less radical thinker. Both commit to a negative concept of diaspora. Borges commits, however, to an absolute diaspora, in which a person or a people can only get lost. Ha’am commits to a relative diaspora, in which a people takes its orientation continually from multiple vectors of distance and foreignness.
Precarious Futures: Kafka’s Prose of Survival
Authors: Zechner Dominik
Published: June 2020

Philosophical readings from Walter Benjamin to Hans Blumenberg and beyond often emphasize the death-boundness of Franz Kafka’s prose, characterizing his work as a literature determined by the certainty of finitude. This article explores a series of critical moments in Kafka’s oeuvre where finitude is explicitly called into question for the sake of a movement of survival (“ Überleben”). Survival manifests as a fragile mode of persistence that is neither governed by the authority of death, nor does it simply fall on the side of infinity. Instead, it indicates something like a precarious future—the subjunctive anticipation of a remainder beyond the limit of finitude. Advancing an understanding of Kafka’s work in terms of a prose of survival, this article suggests an intense kinship between Kafka’s works and other literary endeavors invested in probing the limits of finitude, most notably in works by Jorge Luis Borges.
Extreme Sports: An Exercise in Imitation
Authors: Farbman Herschel
Published: June 2020

A phenomenon of the late twentieth century, the professionalization of so-called “extreme” sports is a second wave of the professionalization of sports, the first wave being the tsunami of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which left behind it the world of “mainstream,” “traditional,” “dominant,” or “established” sports in relation to which extreme sports position themselves as such. As in the first wave, the ideological proposition that sports are a “metaphor for life” figures largely in the second wave, but not in the same way. This article explores what changes: what happens to the figure of the fanatic, who had worn the mantle of the madness of the metaphor; what happens to the figure of the professional athlete as exemplary worker; and what effects these transformations have on the relation between athlete and writer in the ideological scheme of the corporate capitalist division of labor. Underlying these questions, the article pursues, in its form as well as its argument, a sustained reflection on the limits of mimetic play in the unbounded field that extreme sports have opened up.
The Influence of Brand Image, Brand Trust and Product Packaging Information on Purchasing Decisions
Authors: Wijaya Angga Pandu , Annisa Intan Tri
Published: June 2020

Consumer health awareness has increased recently, this is evidenced by the desire to consume herbal products. Today’s packaged colds jamu become a practical alternative for consumers to continue taking herbal medicines that are easy to obtain. This study aims to examine the influence of brand image, brand trust and product packaging information on the purchase decision of packaged cold herbs. This quantitative study applied purposive random sampling by using PLS-SEM 3.0 as statistic tools with questionnaire filled by 100 respondents. This article delivers a substantial effect to significant variables in purchasing decision. The results show that brand image does not directly influence purchasing decisions, but is fully mediated by brand trust. On the other hand, packaging information has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions.
CROSS BETWEEN SYNTHETIC AMPHIDIPLOIDS OF THE HOPPER (GOSSIPY L.) AND THEIR CYTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Muratov Muratov A. , Israilov M.Zh. , Muratov G.A. , Boboev S.G.
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses the results of the analysis of the different crossability of 4 species of synthetic cotton amphidiploids, with cultivated varieties of G. hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L., taking into account their cytological features and the creation of genetically enriched new polygenomic interspecific hybrids. The interrelation of cross-breeding in varying degrees with the fluctuation of chromosome numbers in somatic plant cells of parental forms and cotton hybrids, as well as the defects observed at the stages of microsporogenesis of maternal cells, is shown. The main reasons for the contrast difference between the degree of cross-breeding of synthetic cotton amphidiploids, with cultivated cotton varieties when producing an interspecific hybrid, as well as differences in the maturation of full seeds are established.
Rupture spontanée bilatérale du tendon d’Achille : une complication rare du lupus érythémateux. À propos d’un cas
Authors: Boumédiane E.M. , Benhima A. , Abkari I. , Saidi H.
Published: June 2020

Les auteurs rapportent un cas de rupture spontanée bilatérale du tendon d’Achille, chez une patiente âgée de 57 ans suivie pour un lupus érythémateux disséminé depuis deux ans et sous corticothérapie au long cours. Le traitement a été chirurgical selon la technique de Bosworth. Une revue de la littérature montre la rareté de cette entité, ses facteurs prédisposants et la difficulté de sa prise en charge thérapeutique.
Primary visual cortical thickness in correlation with visual field defects in patients with pituitary macroadenomas: a structural 7-Tesla retinotopic analysis
Authors: Rutland John W. , Delman Bradley N. , Huang Kuang-Han , Verma Gaurav , Benson Noah C. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Lin Hung-Mo , Bederson Joshua B. , Chelnis James , Shrivastava Raj K. , Balchandani Priti
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Vision loss remains a debilitating complication of pituitary adenomas, although there is considerable variability in visual impairment before and after decompression surgery. Growing evidence suggests secondary damage to remote visual structures may contribute to vision loss in patients with chiasmatic compression. The present study leverages ultrahigh field 7-T MRI to study the retinotopic organization of the primary visual cortex (V1), and correlates visual defects with cortical thinning in V1 to characterize consequences of pituitary adenomas on the posterior visual system.

METHODS

Eight patients (4 males and 4 females, mean age 44.3 years) with pituitary adenomas who exhibited chiasmatic compression and visual field defects, as well as 8 matched healthy controls (4 males and 4 females, mean age 43.3 years), were scanned at 7-T MRI for this prospective study. Whole-brain cortical thickness was calculated using an automated algorithm. A previously published surface-based algorithm was applied to associate the eccentricity and polar angle with each position in V1. Cortical thickness was calculated at each point in the retinotopic organization, and a cortical thickness ratio was generated against matched controls for each point in the visual fields. Patients with adenoma additionally underwent neuroophthalmological examination including 24–2 Humphrey automated visual field perimetry. Pattern deviation (PD) of each point in the visual field, i.e., the deviation in point detection compared with neurologically healthy controls, was correlated with cortical thickness at corresponding polar and eccentricity angles in V1.

RESULTS

Whole-brain cortical thickness was successfully derived for all patients and controls. The mean tumor volume was 19.4 cm3. The median global thickness of V1 did not differ between patients (mean ± SD 2.21 ± 0.12 cm), compared with controls (2.06 ± 0.13 cm, p > 0.05). Surface morphometry–based retinotopic maps revealed that all 8 patients with adenoma showed a significant positive correlation between PD and V1 thickness ratios (r values ranged from 0.31 to 0.53, p < 0.05). Mixed-procedure analysis revealed that PD = −8.0719 + 5.5873*[Median V1 Thickness Ratio].

CONCLUSIONS

All 8 patients showed significant positive correlations between V1 thickness and visual defect. These findings provide retinotopic maps of localized V1 cortical neurodegeneration spatially corresponding to impairments in the visual field. These results further characterize changes in the posterior visual pathway associated with chiasmatic compression, and may prove useful in the neuroophthalmological workup for patients with pituitary macroadenoma.
Triple motor mapping: transcranial, bipolar, and monopolar mapping for supratentorial glioma resection adjacent to motor pathways
Authors: Gogos Andrew J. , Young Jacob S. , Morshed Ramin A. , Avalos Lauro N. , Noss Roger S. , Villanueva-Meyer Javier E. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Berger Mitchel S.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Maximal safe resection of gliomas near motor pathways is facilitated by intraoperative mapping. The authors and other groups have described the use of bipolar or monopolar direct stimulation to identify functional tissue, as well as transcranial or transcortical motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to monitor motor pathways. Here, the authors describe their initial experience using all 3 modalities to identify, monitor, and preserve cortical and subcortical motor systems during glioma surgery.

METHODS

Intraoperative mapping data were extracted from a prospective registry of glioma resections near motor pathways. Additional demographic, clinical, pathological, and imaging data were extracted from the electronic medical record. All patients with new or worsened postoperative motor deficits were followed for at least 6 months.

RESULTS

Between January 2018 and August 2019, 59 operations were performed in 58 patients. Overall, patients in 6 cases (10.2%) had new or worse immediate postoperative deficits. Patients with temporary deficits all had at least Medical Research Council grade 4/5 power. Only 2 patients (3.4%) had permanently worsened deficits after 6 months, both of which were associated with diffusion restriction consistent with ischemia within the corticospinal tract. One patient’s deficit improved to 4/5 and the other to 4/5 proximally and 3/5 distally in the lower limb, allowing ambulation following rehabilitation. Subcortical motor pathways were identified in 51 cases (86.4%) with monopolar high-frequency stimulation, but only in 6 patients using bipolar stimulation. Transcranial or cortical MEPs were diminished in only 6 cases, 3 of which had new or worsened deficits, with 1 permanent deficit. Insula location (p = 0.001) and reduction in MEPs (p = 0.01) were the only univariate predictors of new or worsened postoperative deficits. Insula location was the only predictor of permanent deficits (p = 0.046). The median extent of resection was 98.0%.

CONCLUSIONS

Asleep triple motor mapping is safe and resulted in a low rate of deficits without compromising the extent of resection.
Opioid use after adult spinal deformity surgery: patterns of cessation and associations with preoperative use
Authors: Ren Mark , Bryant Barry R. , Harris Andrew B. , Kebaish Khaled M. , Riley Lee H. , Cohen David B. , Skolasky Richard L. , Neuman Brian J.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of the study were to determine, among patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD), the following: 1) how preoperative opioid use, dose, and duration of use are associated with long-term opioid use and dose; 2) how preoperative opioid use is associated with rates of postoperative use from 6 weeks to 2 years; and 3) how postoperative opioid use at 6 months and 1 year is associated with use at 2 years.

METHODS

Using a single-center, longitudinally maintained registry, the authors identified 87 patients who underwent ASD surgery from 2013 to 2017. Fifty-nine patients reported preoperative opioid use (37 high-dose [≥ 90 morphine milligram equivalents daily] and 22 low-dose use). The duration of preoperative use was long-term (≥ 6 months) for 44 patients and short-term for 15. The authors evaluated postoperative opioid use at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations of preoperative opioid use, dose, and duration with use at each time point (alpha = 0.05).

RESULTS

The following preoperative factors were associated with opioid use 2 years postoperatively: any opioid use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 14, 95% CI 2.5–82), high-dose use (aOR 7.3, 95% CI 1.1–48), and long-term use (aOR 17, 95% CI 2.2–123). All patients who reported high-dose opioid use at the 2-year follow-up examination had also reported preoperative opioid use. Preoperative high-dose use (aOR 247, 95% CI 5.8–10,546) but not long-term use (aOR 4.0, 95% CI 0.18–91) was associated with high-dose use at the 2-year follow-up visit. Compared with patients who reported no preoperative use, those who reported preoperative opioid use had higher rates of use at each postoperative time point (from 94% vs 62% at 6 weeks to 54% vs 7.1% at 2 years) (all p < 0.001). Opioid use at 2 years was independently associated with use at 1 year (aOR 33, 95% CI 6.8–261) but not at 6 months (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 0.95–24).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients’ preoperative opioid use, dose, and duration of use are associated with long-term use after ASD surgery, and a high preoperative dose is also associated with high-dose opioid use at the 2-year follow-up visit. Patients using opioids 1 year after ASD surgery may be at risk for long-term use.
EKOLOGI SASTRA PADA PUISI DALAM NOVEL BAPANGKU BAPUNKKU KARYA PAGO HARDIAN
Authors: Sari Mardiana
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAKKarya sastra diciptakan untuk dinikmati, dirasakan dan dimanfaatkan oleh pembaca ataupun penikmat sastra. Proses penciptaan sastra tidak luput dari lingkungan sekitar pengarang dan ekologi sastra merupakan metodologi yang menghubungkan antara sastra dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Novel Bapangku Bapunkku karya Pago Hardian, bukan berisi cerita yang mengemukakan kisah yang inspiratif saja, tetapi ditulis dengan cara yang berbeda yaitu memasukkan beberapa puisi dan surat serta kutipan lirik lagu, yang sangat jarang atau tidak pernah digunakan oleh penulis yang lain. Masalah penelitian bagaimana menganalisis ekologi sastra puisi dalam novel Bapangku Bapunkku Karya Pago Hardian? Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis konten. Ekologi sastra yang paling dominan digunakan pada novel Bapangku Bapunkku adalah puisi Rayuanku dan paling minim yaitu puisi Marah. Puisi yang terdapat dalamÂ  novel Bapangku Bapunkku karya Pago Hardian, terdiri dari Dahlia Ungu, Cinta Dalam Doa, Rayuanku, dan Marah.Â Kata Kunci: Ekologi, Sastra, dan Bapangku BapunkkuÂ Â ECOLOGICAL LITERATURE ON POETRY IN MY NOVELS OF BAPANGKU BAPUNKKU, BY HARDIAN PAGOÂ ABSTRACTLiterary works are created to be enjoyed, felt and utilized by readers or lovers of literature. Literary creation process does not escape the environment around the author and literary ecology is a methodology that connects literature and the surrounding environment. Bapangku Bapunkku's novel by Pago Hardian, does not contain a story that tells an inspirational story, but is written in a different way, which includes several poems and letters and quotes from song lyrics, which are rarely used by other writers. The research problem is how to analyze the literary ecology of poetry in the novel Bapangku Bapunkku by Pago Hardian? Data collection techniques use documentation and data analysis techniques using content analysis techniques. The most dominant literary ecology used in Bapangku Bapunkku novels is my seduction poetry and the least is Marah poetry. Poetry contained in the novel Bapangku Bapunkku by Pago Hardian, consisting of Purple Dahlia, Love in Prayer, My Flirtation, and Angry.Â Keywords: Ecology, Literature, and BapangkuÂ  BapunkkuÂ Â Â Â
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A MASSIVE IMPACTOR FALLING ONTO A REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
Authors: Gertsik S.M. , Novozhilov Yu.V.
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the results of numerically modeling the dynamics of a concrete beam reinforced by longitudinal rods and transversal frames of rods under the effect of a falling massive impactor. The dynamic behavior of the material of concrete is described using the Holmquist - Johnson - Cook model. The reinforcement of the beam is modeled by beam elements, using the bilinear model of elastoplastic material with isotropic hardening. Binding between the reinforcement and concrete is described by introducing additional kinematic equations that couple degrees of freedom of the related nods of the beam and volumetric finite elements. The mathematical model makes it possible to introduce additional failure criteria to predict propagation of tensile cracking. Pressure lower than the minimal one (failure only in the tension zone) and volumetric strain higher than the threshold value are taken as a criterion of tensile failure. Failure is modeled by removing elements from the computational pattern, when the above failure criteria are satisfied. The effect of accounting for failure on the response of the beam is analyzed. Numerical modeling is done using the finite-element method with explicit time integration in the LOGOS and LS-DYNA systems. Concrete is modeled using linear four-node finite elements with one integration point. The impactor is modeled as an absolutely solid body with a detailed description of the impacting end. The obtained results are compared with experimental data. It is demonstrated that the Holmquist - Johnson - Cook material model developed for analyzing high-velocity impacts can also be applied to problems of low-velocity impact.
CALCULATION OF A SONOCAPILLARY EFFECT DEPENDENCE ON AN ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY BASED ON A THRESHOLD CAVITATION CRITERION
Authors: Mikhailova N.V. , Smirnov I.V. , Sharipova A. , Slesarenko V.
Published: June 2020

The possibility of calculating parameters of the ultrasonic capillary effect depending on frequency of acoustic vibrations in liquid is considered. According to known experimental data, the intensification of fluid motion in the capillary is mainly associated with the formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles at the capillary end. Therefore, it is assumed that the ultrasonic capillary effect occurs as a result of cavitation processes at the entrance to the capillary channel, while cavitation processes depend on the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations. The threshold pressure at cavitation, leading to the rise of fluid, for a given ultrasound frequency is determined by the criterion of incubation time of cavitation. The size and number of cavitation bubbles at the considered threshold pressure depend on ultrasound frequency. The number of bubbles in the cavitation area is determined by solving the problem of packing equal circles in a larger circle, taking into account the distance the influence of the bubbles on each other. The height of the liquid rise is calculated based on the assumption that during one cycle of oscillation of the cavitation region, the sound capillary pressure performs the work on lifting the liquid column to a certain height due to the energy of collapsed bubbles. This approach makes it possible to determine the threshold amplitude of acoustic vibrations and evaluate the corresponding behaviour of sound-capillary pressure in the frequency range of 7-62 kHz. The specified range is determined by the frequency requirements for the ratio of the size of the cavitation process zone and the capillary diameter. Thus, the obtained model of the ultrasonic capillary effect takes into account the diameter of the capillary and allows to determine the frequency range over which this effect can be realized. The calculation results show good agreement with the known experimental data in water. The results of calculations using the model showed that the highest sound capillary pressure is reached in the range of 10-20 kHz.
IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION OF MATERIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE CREEP MODEL UNDER THERMAL RADIATION EFFECTS FOR AUSTENITIC STEEL 1X18H10T
Authors: Gorokhov V.A.
Published: June 2020

In the present paper, on the basis of the information available in the scientific literature on the thermal creep rate of 1X18H10T austenitic steel under neutron irradiation conditions, the material functions of the thermal creep model implemented and verified in the framework of the certified software for numerical modeling of structural deformation under thermal and thermal radiation effects of UPAKS software are obtained and verified. The list of identifiable material functions of the thermal creep model includes: a function that characterizes the initial creep strain rate, referred to a unit stress level at a given temperature level and stress parameter; the radius of the creep surface, which is a function of temperature; the hardening function, characterizing the change in the initial creep rate from the hardening parameter at a given temperature; a function that takes into account the effect of a fast neutron flux on the creep rate at a given temperature. Using an analytical approximation of experimental data describing the rate of thermal creep of steels under neutron irradiation depending on the stresses, temperature, and flux of fast neutrons, we obtained relations for determining the values of all the functions of the thermal creep model. The value of the radius of the creep surface for a fixed temperature was determined from the condition that the creep deformation for a selected period of time and the neutron flux accumulated during this time will not exceed 0.2%. Using the UPAKS software, the creep model and the obtained material functions implemented in them, numerical simulation of the deformation of 1X18H10T steel under conditions of prolonged thermal load and neutron irradiation was performed. The results of numerical modeling are in good agreement with the analytical dependences that describe the creep of a given material under uniaxial SSS. A numerical creep simulation was also carried out under the assumption of the absence of neutron irradiation. As in the case of neutron irradiation, good agreement is obtained between the calculated and experimental data.
Motywacja do studiów na kierunku turystyka i rekreacja w różnych typach uczelni
Authors: Tomik Rajmund , Ardeńska Agnieszka , Borek Zbigniew , Ardeńska Magdalena , Vierek Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to present the tool used to identify, analyse and diagnose students’ motivation to study. The research is based on the Self Determination Theory. This research included 442 students of tourism and recreation at three types of universities. The Academic Motivation Scale was used and the method of the diagnostic survey using the questionnaire technique was applied. Results indicated that the respondents were a homogeneous group. The students scored the highest on two subscales of extrinsic motivation (external regulation and identification) and on the subscale of intrinsic motivation to know. Results revealed significant difference between female students of different universities regarding amotivation. Female students of the university of economics scored higher on amotivation than female students of other universities. Diagnosis of students’ motivation requires regular monitoring and should be done at least two times every education cycle. The most alarming result regarding students’ motivation to study is the high, or even soaring level of amotivation. Conversely, the internal motivation is the most autonomous and therefore the most desirable type of motivation for students and should be nurtured. Internal motivation refers to the act of doing something for the sole pleasure of the activity, excluding the external structure of punishment and reward, the so-called “carrot and stick” method.
Z dziejów prywatnej powszechnej szkoły polskiej w Lupeni / Şcoala Primară Particulară Polonă (1929–1948)
Authors: Radziszewska Maria
Published: June 2020

The private Polish elementary school in Lupeni was founded in 1929 based on the Romanian Private Learning Act of 1925 permitting the organisation of minority schools. It was created in a magyarised and romanised environment and dealt with the education of Polish miners’ children. Wilhelm Zöller became the organiser and the first teacher of the school on behalf of the Polish School Motherland in Romania. After two years of operation, the school came under the patronage of the Polish School Association in Romania. Under his tutelage in the 1936/1937 school year, the school became public and its rank in the local community increased. It was also active during the World War II. With the consent of the Romanian Minister of Education, in 1946 it became a Polish public school consisting of 7 classes. It was supported by the “Polish House in Romania” Association. This school was the only Polish school in Transylvania that existed the longest in this part of Romania. When the Polish miners and teachers left Poland in 1948, the school was liquidated.
Emocje pozytywne i negatywne wychowanków placówek resocjalizacyjnych oraz uczniów szkół publicznych – analiza porównawcza
Authors: Kupiec Hubert , Szałachowski Roman
Published: June 2020

The objective of this research was to determine whether and what differentiates the intensity of negative and positive emotions amongst socially adjusted and maladjusted adolescents. Empirical studies were conducted on a sample of 380 lower and higher secondary school students and 104 juveniles living in five different rehabilitation facilities. To measure the variables a questionnaire was constructed including statements allowing respondents to describe the frequency of 13 positive and 13 negative emotions. Socially maladjusted teenagers declare experiencing positive emotions rarer than their well-adjusted peers attending lower and higher secondary schools. On the other hand the students from public schools more frequently declare feeling some negative emotions (disgust, contempt, stress and disaffection) in comparison with rehabilitation facilities’ juveniles
MEMOTIVASI SISWA DAN SISWI SMK LETRIS INDONESIA DI DALAM MENENTUKAN PILIHAN UNTUK MELANJUTKAN PENDIDIKAN ATAU BEKERJA SETELAH LULUS SEKOLAH
Authors: Pasaribu Veta Lidya Delimah , Susanti Fahmi , Hartuti Elizabeth Tika Kristina
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK Pengabdian ini berjudul Memotivasi Siswa dan Siswi SMK (Sekolah Menengah Kejurusan ) Letris II Indonesia Dalam Menentukan Pilihan Untuk Melanjutkan Pendidikan Atau Bekerja Setelah Lulus Sekolah. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah  untuk membantu memilih peluang tujuan, memberikan cara yang baik menetukan tujuan, membuka parakdigma siswa dan siswi terhadap keefektifan berkreativitas, memberikan semangat dan motivasi bagi para siswa dalam menjalani kehidupan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dalam bentuk penyampaian materi enterpreneur dan bidang pendidikan.Respondennya adalah para siswa dan siswi SMK (Sekolah Menengah Kejurusan )Letris II Indonesia Kesimpulan dari pengabdian ini adalah Peserta kurang mengerti apa yang harus dilakukan setelah lulus sekolah SMA nanti haru kuliah atau harus berkerja dan bagaimana cara memilih mana yang harus diproritaskan . Peserta juga belum mengetahui bagaimana memilih peluang dan apa yang harus dipilih nanti setelah lulus sekolah.Peserta juga belum mengetahui bagaimana memilih  menjadi enterpreneur atau pendidikan apa yang dituju nanti. Kata Kunci: Enterpreneur, Pendidikan