bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
University Teachers’ Perceptions of Screening Students’ Communication Skills: A Case Study from Speech Pathology
Authors:   Work Integrated Learning Portfolio, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia, Johnson Robyn , Purcell Alison ,   The University of Sydney, Australia, Power Emma ,   University of Technology Sydney, Australia, Thomson Kate ,   The University of Sydney, Australia
Published: August 2019

Excellent communication and interpersonal skills are necessary for allied health professionals to provide effective care/treatment and underpin the practice-based competencies allied health students must develop. Communication skills of first year speech pathology (SP) students are screened at the major Australian metropolitan university where this study took place. Final year students screen their first year peers as part of their practice-based education experience. Although this identifies first year students with communication difficulties, the perceived value to university teachers (academics and practice educators) has not been investigated. This study described university staff perceptions of screening the communication skills of first year SP students. The qualitative, descriptive design included two focus groups. The dataset was analysed thematically. The analysis revealed the staff perception of value in screening communication skills to inform student support. Two sub-themes contributing to this perception were ‘purpose of the screener’ and ‘content and administration of the screener’. Both staff groups strongly valued the screening process, stating that it is positive and useful. A similar screening process could identify first year students from a range of health fields with less skilled communication, who may require additional support to achieve competency.
N-Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) Acetylator Status among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients from A Tuberculosis Endemic Area in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Hamijoyo Laniyati , Candrianita Sasfia , Rini Ika Agus , Sutedja Endang , Setiabudiawan Budi , Sahiratmadja Edhyana
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients living in Indonesia are prone to tuberculosis (TB) infection, since this country ranks second globally for TB prevalence. Isoniazid, an anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug, is metabolized by enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) that is encoded by NAT2 gene. NAT2 haplotype, referring as acetylator status, may predispose as genetic factor in SLE development or complicate SLE therapy. This study explored the NAT2 haplotypes and acetylator status among SLE patients living in a TB endemic area.METHODS: Genomic DNA of 260 registered SLE patients at The Rheumatology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia were isolated. NAT2 gene was amplified and sequenced, then NAT2 haplotypes and the acetylator status among SLE patients with or without TB history were determined and presented.RESULTS: Most of SLE patients registered were female (n=250; 96.2%). The median age of patients when SLE was diagnosed for the first time was 27 years old (8-69 years), with organ involvement predominantly in musculoskeletal (80.8%) and mucocutaneous (73.1%). TB history, mostly pulmonary TB, was present in 23.1% of SLE patients of whom TB was diagnosed before SLE (10.4%) or after SLE (10.7%) or both before and after SLE (2%). The acetylator status was mostly intermediate (61.5%) with the NAT2*4/*6B was the most prevalent haplotype (25.8%).CONCLUSION: There is a high number of intermediate and low acetylator status among SLE patients. Since these SLE patients live in TB endemic area, the NAT2 acetylator status determination among SLE patients before starting TB therapy may have clinical benefit to decrease a possible drug induced liver injury, and this warrants further study.KEYWORDS: NAT2, acetylator, systemic lupus erythematosus, tuberculosis
The Number and Potency of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Darmayanti Siska , Hendriani Rini , Sartika Cynthia Retna
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease, due to the disorder of insulin function, insulin secretion, or both. Long-term hyperglycemia conditions promote endothelial dysfunction precedes to the development of multiple organ dysfunctions. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) are the key cellular effectors of postnatal neovascularization and play central role in endothelial dysfunction. However, in T2DM condition, the number of apoptotic HSCs increase, it may cause the reduction in potency and number of EPCs. In diabetes, the circulating EPCs number decrease and their functionality is impaired,  but mechanism underlie of this impairement is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship duration diabetes with  the number and potency of EPC cells in T2DM patients controlled and poorly controlled.METHODS: Thirty-eight T2DM male patients were classified into two group based on Indonesian Society of Endocrinology/Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia (PERKENI) criteria   on T2DM.  The   first   group   was a controlled glycemic condition group (hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) <7.0%) and the second group was a poorly controlled glycemic condition group (HbA1C >7.0%). Cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ and CD133+ expressions were used as specific marker for EPC, while quantified bright aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHbr) assay was used to represented the potency of EPCs.RESULTS: This study showed that in poorly controlled T2DM group the number of EPCs was lower by 24.80% (p<0.05) compared to the T2DM controlled group. Similarly, the expression of ALDHbr was lower by 43.07% (p<0.05) in poorly controlled group.CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in the number and potency of EPCs in poorly controlled T2DM patients compared to the controlled T2DM patients. There was also a strong negative correlation between the duration of diabetes and number of EPCs.KEYWORDS: ALDHbr, endothelial progenitor cells, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Effect of Coal Dust Exposure on the SOD Activity and the Oxidative DNA Damage in Asthmatic Mice
Authors: Budianto Windy Yuliana , Khotimah Husnul , Suhartono Eko
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Coal dust is known to trigger hypersensitivity and inflammation of the respiratory tract as it increases oxidative stress leading to asthma. To date, the relationship of coal dust exposure in the pathomechanism of asthma remains unclear. This study was aimed to examine the effect of coal dust exposure on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the oxidative DNA damage indicated by increased serum 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in asthmatic mice.METHODS: Twenty-four female balb/c mice were divided into four groups. The first group was the control group. The second group was the negative control group which composed of mice exposed to coal dust particles. The third group was composed of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. The fourth group was composed of OVA-sensitized mice and exposed to coal dust particles. The inflammatory process was identified by serum interleukin (IL)-13 concentration using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress was examined by measuring the SOD activity using the Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) method, and the 8-OHdG concentration was quantified by ELISA method.RESULTS: There was an increasing IL-13 in OVAtreated coal dust exposed group along with the increment of 8-OHdG (statistically not significant). SOD activity measured in serum was decreased in all groups (p>0.05). Combination of OVA and coal dust showed the worst effect on IL-13, 8-OHdG and SOD activity.CONCLUSION: Coal dust exposure for four weeks does not adequately induce the oxidative DNA damage in asthmatic mice.KEYWORDS: asthma, coal dust, IL-13, SOD, 8-OHdG
beta-Glucan Increases IFN-gamma and IL-12 Production of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with/without Induction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Wild-type/Mutant DNA
Authors: Erawati Meira , Widyastiti Nyoman Suci , Winarni Tri Indah , Dharmana Edi
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: In tuberculosis infections, the immune system is weakened and cannot produce enough cytokines to against the infection. b-glucan is a potent immunomodulator that induces cytokine production in various bacterial infections. This study aimed to determine the effects of b-glucan on the production of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-12 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA.METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from 11 healthy subjects. PBMCs were treated with/without 5 μg/mL b-glucan and M. tuberculosis rpoB wild-type or mutant DNA. The production of IFN-γ and IL-12 in the supernatant was performed with enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: b-glucan increased significantly (p<0.05) IFN-γ of M. tuberculosis mutant DNA-induced PBMCs, M. tuberculosis wild-type DNA-induced PBMCs, and non-induced PBMCs. b-glucan also increased significantly (p<0.05) IL-12 of M. tuberculosis mutant DNA-induced PBMCs, M. tuberculosis wild-type DNA-induced PBMCs, and non-induced PBMCs. There were not any significant difference between male and female groups for IL-12 and IFN-γ in all treatment groups (p>0.05, ANOVA test).CONCLUSION: This in vitro study indicates that b-glucan increases the performance of PBMCs to produce IFN-γ and IL-12, with/without induction of M. tuberculosis wild-type/ mutant DNA.KEYWORDS: b-glucan, IFN-γ, IL-12, M. tuberculosis, rpoB
Combination of Aerobic Exercise and Continuous Environmental Enrichment Improves Adult Male Rats’ Spatial Memory: Study on Hippocampal Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2) Expression
Authors: Yolanda Sophie , Redjeki Sri , Andraini Trinovita , Santoso Dewi Irawati Soeria , Ibrahim Nurhadi , Mailani Rena
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Memory declines with the progression of age through the neurodegeneration process. Aerobic exercise and environmental enrichment can delay neurodegeneration by improving neuroplasticity via expression of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and other proteins. Combination treatment of aerobic exercise and continuous environmental enrichment and their effect on the expression of IGF-1 and FGF-2 which were expected to improve memory function has not been studied previously. Thus, this study aimed to observe it.METHODS: This is an experimental research using 24 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, 300-400 g, age 7-8 months) divided randomly into 4 groups: control (C), aerobic exercise (A), continuous (EE), and combination of aerobic exercise and continuous environmental enrichment (A-EE). At the end of an 8-week treatment, rats were sacrificed, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) examination was performed to assess hippocampal IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels.RESULTS: In the 8th week, A-EE group showed the best improvement in rats’ spatial memory (47.84±10.6 %) followed by EE group (45.03±4.1 %), A group (38.61±3.8 %), and C group (22.76±7.12 %). However, A-EE group’s hippocampal IGF-1 (16.21±7.56 ng/mg protein) and FGF-2 (1.29±0.57 ng/mg protein) expression were not higher than other groups.CONCLUSION: Improvement in memory function in the combination group is a result of induction of various growth factors’ expression in the hippocampus, including IGF-1 and FGF-2, but the primary pathway of memory function improvement may be from other growth factors.KEYWORDS: spatial memory, aerobic exercise, environmental enrichment, hippocampus, IGF-1, FGF-2
Terapia analítico-comportamental para mulheres com ansiedade e depressão: comportamentos e procedimentos na interação terapêutica
Authors: Levatti Giovanna Eleutério , Victuri Alexandre Aguiar , Garcia Vagner Angelo , Bolsoni-Silva Alessandra Turini
Published: August 2019

Transtornos de ansiedade e depressão apresentam alta prevalência em mulheres. O artigo descreve comportamentos e procedimentos de intervenção analítico-comportamentais, em delineamento de caso único. Participaram duas mulheres com sintomas de ansiedade e depressão que responderam a instrumentos de habilidades sociais e de saúde mental em quatro momentos (Pré-teste, Intermediário, Pós-teste e Seguimento). Após a intervenção e no Seguimento os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão tornaram-se não clínicos e houve aquisição de habilidades sociais. Quanto à interação terapêutica houve o destaque dos comportamentos de facilitação, de solicitação de relato, de solicitação de reflexão e de aprovação quanto ao repertório das terapeutas e de comportamentos de relato, de estabelecimento de relações, de melhora e de autoconhecimento/autocontrole no que se refere ao repertório das clientes. Os procedimentos de intervenção com maior ocorrência foram a análise funcional e o reforçamento diferencial. Os resultados apontaram que a ocorrência de alguns comportamentos, temas e procedimentos não variou entre as díades terapeuta-cliente, dado que pode indicar a constância dos manejos utilizados para as participantes deste estudo. O estudo permitiu descrever comportamentos e procedimentos de intervenção com evidências de melhora nos quadros apresentados anteriormente à mesma.
The potential and limitations of standard electrocardiography for the differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardias
Authors: Salami H. F. , Shlevkov N. B. , Sokolov S. F.
Published: August 2019

The possibility to identify potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias by analysis of standard electrocardiography (ECG) parameters without the use of sophisticated and expensive diagnostic techniques, such as electrophysiological heart studies, has been an important achievement of the last decades. Current differential diagnostic methods for wide QRS complex tachycardias can be categorized into 4 groups: 1) identification the ECG signs diagnostic of ventricular tachycardia, such as atrioventricular dissociation and/or sinus captures and/or fusion QRS complexes; 2) analysis of the distinct morphological features of QRS complexes during wide QRS complex tachycardias; 3) analysis of the ECG characteristics in between wide QRS complex tachycardia attacks; 4) comparison of the morphological QRS features during wide QRS complex tachycardia and during sinus rhythm periods. The list of ECG algorithms for differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardias has been growing and updated year after year; however, all of them have their limitations. Most frequently, the differential diagnosis between ventricular and aberrant supraventricular tachycardias is based on the morphological criteria of wide QRS complexes developed by H.J. Wellens et al., P. Brugada et al., M. Griffith et al., K.E. Kindwal et al., A. Vereckei et al. At the same time, there is a continuous search for new algorithms or criteria that could be easily used without decreased specificity and/or sensitivity of the diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia. The aim of this review is to comprehensively analyze the literature data and results of our own studies on the potential and limitation of standard ECG for the differential diagnosis of ventricular and various aberrant supraventricular tachycardias.
Stratifikasi Sosial Ondhâg Bâsa Bahasa Madura
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Bukhory Umar
Published: August 2019

Bahasa Madura, sebagai bahasa, mengalami kepadatan linguistik dan non-linguistik. Namun harus bersaing dengan bahasa nasional dan internasional untuk bertahan hidup sebagai lingua franca. Secara bertahap ditinggalkan oleh penuturnya karena kompleksitas morfologis, prestise, dan praktik komunikasi. Fenomena ini menginspirasi penulis untuk melakukan studi bagaimana penutur Madura menerima bahasa mereka sendiri dan harus menyelidiki karakteristik sosial penutur. Kelas menengah adalah salah satu stratifikasi sosial yang cenderung lebih fleksibel dalam menolak dan mengambil budaya baru dan bahasa adalah bagian dari budaya. Penulis memfokuskan penelitian tentang bagaimana kelas menengah Pamekasan melakukan Madura Ondhâg Bâsa dan bagaimana kelas menengah Pamekasan menerima Ondhâg Bâsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif dan fenomenologi dalam pendekatan. Hasil penelitian: pertama, kelas menengah Pamekasan sebagian besar menggunakan stratifikasi Madura tingkat rendah, bâsa mabâ, dipertukarkan dengan bahasa Indonesia dalam percakapan sehari-hari alih-alih mempraktikkan stratifikasi tingkat Madura yang lebih tinggi menengah (bása alos) dan tingkat tinggi (bâsa tèngghi). Situasi bahasa ini mudah ditemukan pada percakapan antara pasangan suami-istri, anak-anak dan orang tua, saudara kandung, lingkungan baik dalam situasi formal dan non-formal. Kedua, dari temuan ini dapat secara interpretatif dijelaskan bahwa Ondhâg Bâsa Madura diterima dengan cara-cara berikut: sebagai ungkapan keadilan, strategi kesopanan, strategi ice breaking, pernyataan posisi, percepatan prestise, dan strategi ekonomi. (Madurese, as language, experience linguistic and non-linguistic densities. It must compete to national and international languages to survive as lingua franca; it is gradually left by its speakers due to its morphological complexity, prestige, and communication practice. This inspires to conduct a study how the Madurese speaker accept their own language and must also investigate the social characteristics of the speakers. Middle class is one of the social stratifications that tend to be more flexible in rejecting and taking new culture and language is part of culture. The writer focuses the research on how middle class of Pamekasan perform Madurese Ondhâg Bâsa and how middle class of Pamekasan accept Ondhâg Bâsa. Qualitative design and phenomenology in approach of this research. The result: firstly, the middle class of Pamekasan mostly use the low level of Madurese stratification, bâsa mabâ, interchangeably with Indonesian in daily conversation instead of practice the higher level of Madurese stratification middle (bâsa alos) and high level (bâsa tèngghi). Secondly, from this finding it could be interpretatively described that Madurese Ondhâg Bâsaare accepted in the following ways: as the expression of equity, strategy of politeness, strategy of ice breaking, statement of position, prestige acceleration, and economic strategy.)
الإشتراك اللفظي
Authors: Warmansyah Imam
Published: August 2019

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang polisem dalam Bahasa Arab
Improving Students and Community Participation in Preserving Mangrove Forest Bangkala Jeneponto South Sulawesi with a Constructivism based Booklet
Authors: Amin Astuti Muh.
Published: August 2019

Knowledge dominantly affects community attitudes and participation in mangrove forest conservation. One of the effective ways to solve issues related to preserving mangrove forest in Jeneponto regency is to distribute a constructivism based booklet which introduces the functions, impacts, and management of the forest. This study was conducted in Bangkala District, Jeneponto regency, South Sulawesi from 11 August 2016 to 25 December 2016. Purposive sampling was employed to determine the research sample based on certain consideration. Data was collected using: (1) a questionnaire to elicit responses from some students and community members in Bangkala Jeneponto South Sulawesi towards a booklet developed on the constructivist theory; (2) another questionnaire and interview schedule to obtain community perception on the forest conservation activities; (3) socialization activities at schools and community centers related to the importance of sustainable mangrove forest development. Research findings indicate that: (1) the students and the community members of Bangkala, Jeneponto, South Sulawesi have provided positive and supportive responses towards the development of the constructivism booklet; (2) the society members have realized the significance of mangrove forest development; (3) overall, the students and the community members in Bangkala, Jeneponto, South Sulawesi have been highly involved in preserving the mangrove forest. Assistance to sustain this participation; however, is still necessary.

Keywords: Booklet, Mangrove Conservation, Students, Participation, Community.
Development of Biology Interactive Digital Flipbook on the Subject of Animal Growth and Development
Authors: Abadiyah Rifda , Prihatin Jekti , Murdiyah Siti
Published: August 2019

Flipbook is organization of learning materials containing text, sound, animation, and video. This research aimed to produce a learning materials in the form of flipbook, especially on subject of animal’s growth and development for science class grade XII. The flipbook produced should be valid, effective and practical for use in learning process. Flipbook is a 2 dimensional application that is reliable and lightweight. This study used 3 stages from 4 dimensional model which are define, design and develop. The implementation of the developed product was planned by 2 different tests, the first was limited testing and second was field trial. All tests implemented in 44 students of 12 IPA SMA Budi Utomo Sidoarjo. The results showed that 1) an average score of 81.43 gained from 3 different experts which falls into a very valid category, 2) field trial got an average score of 88.46 also falls into very valid category, 3) pre-test, post-test 1 and post-test 2 got normalized gain score at 0.78 which meant that the improvement of learning outcomes after using Flipbook was very high, 4) the effeciency based on the students' response was 97.72% which was interpreted in very good category. It can be concluded that the developed Flipbook was easy and feasible to use in learning.

Keywords: Flipbook, validity, effectiveness, practicality result, research and development
Studi Pendahuluan: Pembelajaran Berbasis Local Wisdom disertai Strategi Integrated Science untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis IPA Siswa SMP
Authors: Lestari Wahyuning Putri
Published: August 2019

Education is a process to provide opportunities for students to be able to improve, increase knowledge, skills, attitudes and behavior that are primarily related to critical thinking skills. The success of education can be influenced by several learning factors so that in choosing methods, approaches, models, and strategies, it has an impact on determining the success and failure of a learning. The solution related to the explanation is by using local wisdom-based learning accompanied by an integrated science strategy. This learning emphasizes local wisdom based on learning activities through integrated science strategies. The purpose of this study is to provide alternative solutions related to the learning process to train critical thinking skills of junior high school students. The method used in this study is the study literature on the sharing of related sources. Based on the results of this study is expected to provide a solution to train critical thinking skills of junior high school students.

 

Kata Kunci: local wisdom based learning; integrated science strategies; and students' critical thinking skills
UJI METODE CERAMAH DAN TEORI BELAJAR KONTRUKTIVISME UNTUK CARA BELAJAR SISWA MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 2 ARJASA
Authors: Hafizh Dary Farhan
Published: August 2019

Abstract

This study descriptively aims to determine the tendency of learning achievement, using constructivism learning models compared to lecture learning models. Data retrieval is done by observing, giving questionnaires and interviews with the subjects of students from schools of junior high school 2 Arjasa. Descriptive research results show that learning using the lecture learning method provides more understanding to students when compared to the constructivism learning model.

 

Keyword: study; Observation; learning
PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN SISWA DAN HASIL BELAJAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA SISWA SMPN 1 MAYANG KELAS IX
Authors: Sari Rohmah Juwita , Utomo Anjar Putro
Published: August 2019

Abstrak: motivasi siswa untuk cenderung aktif dalam belajar  keaktifan di pengaruhi oleh proses belajar mengajar guru. Proses pembelajaran sangat memerlukan keaktifan siswa, tanpa adanya keaktifan siswa maka pembelajaran terkesan membosankan. Keaktifan siswa sebagai unsur terpenting dalam pembelajaran, karena keaktifan akan berpengaruh besar pada keberhasilan proses pembelajaran Proses pembelajaran yang baik akan selalu melibatkan siswa secara aktif dalam setiap kegiatan pembelajaran sehingga dapat membangkitkan motivasi siswa, yang pada akhirnya siswa akan memperoleh prestasi belajar yang optimal. Guru sebagai pembimbing pada dasarnya merupakan upaya membantu siswa yang mengalami masalah belajar agar dapat mengembangkan segenap potensi yang dimilikinya melalui hubungan interpersonal yang akrab dan saling percaya. Guru berusaha membimbing siswa agar dapat menemukan berbagai potensi yang dimilikinya, membimbing siswa agar dapat mencapai dan melaksanakan tugas-tugas perkembangan mereka, sehingga dengan ketercapaian itu mereka dapat tumbuh dan berkembang sebagai individu yang mandiri dan produktif.

 

Kata Kunci: Keaktifan, problem based learning,
Role of Bariatric Surgery for Reducing Glycated Hemoglobin (Hba1c) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Compared to Current Medicaments Therapy
Authors: Alkaff Firas Farisi , Nugraha Ricardo Adrian , Jonatan Michael , Wati Sulistia
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Type II is the most common type of Diabetes Mellitus, and one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally. In Indonesia, diabetes contributes to 6% of total deaths. Current medicaments therapy available can only control the disease, not to cure it. Recently, there has been new treatment that has been recommended into standard care for type II Diabetes Mellitus. It was in September 2015 at the second Diabetes Surgery Summit that the introduction of bariatric surgery has been put into standard care for type II Diabetes Mellitus.Objective: To draw a comparison of the effectiveness between bariatric surgery and current medicaments therapy in reducing HbA1c to achieve remission.Methods: Literature study was conducted to identify relevant literature showing comparison study between bariatric surgery and medicaments therapy, and comparison study between types of bariatric surgery. 16 Studies are included in this article from 230 studies found.Results: HbA1c remission in bariatric surgery is significantly higher than medicaments therapy in all studies, ranging from 66.7% vs 0% to 57.1% vs 9.5% during 6-24 months after therapy. Between all types of bariatric surgery, most of the studies shows that Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass achieves HbA1c remission higher than other types of surgery.Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is better than current medicaments therapy in achieving HbA1c remission.
The Effect of Sapodilla Leaves (Achras Zapota) Infusum towards Mice (Mus Muculus) Diarrheal Activity Induced by Oleum Ricini
Authors: Pandango Glabela Christiana , R. B Ramadhani , Irwadi Irfiansyah
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Diarrhea is a significant health problem, especially in countries with low income. In many cases, diarrhea even can cause death. Treatment for diarrhea has been done both pharmacologically (including the usage of herbal remedies) and non-pharmacologically. Decoction of the sapodilla’s leaves is often used to treat diarrhea, but no studies directly demonstrates the effects of sapodilla’s leaves’ decoction towards living creatures. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sapodilla leaves’ (Achras zapota) infusum towards diarrheal activity of mice (Mus musculus) which can be seen through the onset and frequency of diarrhea, and the consistency and quantity / weight of feces.Methods: 30 mice were divided into five groups. Negative controls (group I) were administered with oleum Ricini, positive controls (group II) were administered with oleum Ricini and Loperamide HCl after half-an hour, and group III, IV, and V, were administered with oleum Ricini and sapodilla leaves’ (Achras zapota) infusum ( with the concentration of 5 g %, 10 g %, and 20 g %) after half-an hour. Then, those mice were observed for 3 hours for their diarrheal activity (diarrheal onset, frequency, fecal consistency, and fecal weights).Results: Analysis by Kruskal-Wallis method showed significant differences of diarrheal activities among the five groups (p = 0.023). Whilst, analysis by Mann-Whitney method showed significant differences between group I and II (p = 0.04), group I and III (p = 0.012), and group I and IV (p = 0.006).Conclusions: Based on the result showed sapodilla leaves’ (Achras zapota) infusum could reduce diarrheal activity of mice (Mus musculus).
Age as the Risk Factor that Affected the Increased Degree of Uterine Prolapse
Authors: Sayko Shervil Kagayaita , Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Lestari Pudji
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Uterine prolapse is a gynecological problem that women often experience with a prevalence of 50% and is predicted that the next 30 years will increase by 45% as life expectancy increases. Increased degrees of uterine prolapse have an impact on the deterioration of women's quality of life. The uterine prolapse is influenced by several mutually supportive factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between these factors to the degree of uterine prolapse.Methods: This research is an observational analytic research with cross sectional approach. The number of samples were 65 patients with uterine prolapse at Policlinic Gynecology RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from 2015-2017. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling. To find out the significant level, the collected data will be tested with Fisher Exact Test statistic at significance level α = 0,05.Results: The result showed that there was significant difference between degree of uterine prolapse with age factor (p = 0,016) and obesity (p = 0,041). As for the parity factor (p = 0.508) there was no significant difference between the parity factor and the degree of uterine prolapse.Discussion: Age is a major factor affecting the degree of uterine prolapse, weakening of pelvic floor tissue and muscle in elderly women is the main cause. While on the obesity factor, there is no data to support that obesity is related to the degree of uterine prolapse because the trend indicates that the majority of patients are not obese. In contrast the parity factor, although according to the statistical test there is no difference to the degree of uterine prolapse, the trend shows that parity leads to increased incidence of uterine prolapse itself.Conclusion: Age is a factor that affects the degree of uterine prolapse.
Hematemesis on Hepatic Cirrhosis Patients in Area with Limited Facilities
Authors: Klahan Yudha , Alkaff Firas Farisi
Published: August 2019

Esophageal variceal haemorrhage is one of the more dangerous complications of hepatic cirrhosis. Initial treatment can determine patient mortality and morbidity. But not all hospitals have adequate facilities and medicines to handle it. The 53-year-old woman came with a diagnosis of ascites and hematemesis. At the initial examination found hypotension. Laboratory results show anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis. The next morning the patient's condition worsened and was transferred to ICU. During the ICU patients receive 10 lpm oxygen support, cefobactam, pantoprazole, PRC transfusion, and dopamine. Patients begin conscious  on the 5th day of treatment. Then the patient started getting diuretics on day 6 and propranolol on day 9. On day 13 the patient's condition improved and the patient was discharged for outpatient treatment. Limitations of the endoscopic tool cause not every hospital in Indonesia can perform emergency endoscopy for therapy. However, with rapid and appropriate pharmacological therapy, patients can be helped not to fall into mortality and prevent recurrent bleeding.
CHOP and R-CHOP Therapeutic Responses in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Salma Rina Syarifah , Sedana Made Putra , Yudho S. Ugroseno
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is a group of lymphoid-derived malignant disease with heterogenic biological and clinical manifestations. For over 30 years, CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone) has been the first choice of chemotherapy for aggressive NHL. Later in 1997 Rituximab as anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody was introduced and then combined with CHOP as R-CHOP. The objective of this study is to acknowledge the response of the CHOP and R-CHOP therapy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital.Methods: The design of this study was retrospective observational study using secondary data obtained from patient’s medical records from 2011 to 2015. The data selected from the medical records are the result of the therapy, as well as patient’s gender and age. Results: The results of patients’ therapy were classified into four categories: The study showed that 51.28% patients had Complete Response, followed by Partial Response (28.21%), Progressive Disease (17.95%), and No Change (2.56%). Sample characteristics showed male patients in higher percentage (66.67%), and the majority of patients’ age between 51-60 years old (30.77%). The use of CHOP and R-CHOP regiment were 76.92% and 20,52% respectively.Conclusion: Most of the patients had a complete response. The CHOP regiment is more commonly used in patients compared to R-CHOP.
Characteristics of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease at Dialysis Unit Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Farida Leny Silviana , Thaha Muhammad , Susanti Dwi
Published: August 2019

Introduction: The prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in Indonesia is increasing over the last decade. Most cases highest risk factor are Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Other factors such as lifestyle and environment; both play important role in the development of ESRD. Thus, this study aimed to assess the characteristic of patient with ESRD.Methods: This was a descriptive study acquired by interviewing 126 patients with ESRD who have been undergoing continuous hemodialysis in dialysis unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya for at least 3 months using questionnaire about history of disease, smoking habit, sex, and ethnic group. All data was analyzed using frequency distribution and percentage.Results: Form 126 patients, consist of 61 male patients (48.4%) and 65 female (51.6%). 45 patients (35.7%) have the history of DM; 98 patients (77.0%) of hypertension; 35 patients (27.8%) of hypertension and DM; and 19 patients (15.1%) have none of them. Later age adult (36-45 years old) has the largest group proportion (34.13%). There are 36 patients (28%) who are smokers. 108 patients (85.7%) are Javanese.Conclusion: Most of the patients have hypertension as the risk factor and in later age group adult. Characteristics of patient with ESRD is caused by multifactorial factors. Therefore, patient with high risk factor should be aware and do preventive steps in progressiveness of the disease.
The Relationship Between Galen’s Personality Type Theory and Emotional Intelligence Level
Authors: Thadea Olyvia Sita Aldisa , Putra Suhartono Taat , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Gunadi Sindhu
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Personality is a behavior and mindset pattern that is typical for each person in responding to every event or stimulus in his environment. Galen's theory has classified personality types into four types they are Sanguinis, Choleric, Melancholy, and Plegmatis. The level of emotional intelligence shows a person's ability to deal with demands and pressures to achieve their best in thinking and behaving appropriately. This study aims to prove the relationship between personality types based on Galen's theory with emotional intelligence level in preclinical medical students.Methods: This study is a comparative study using an online questionnaire instrument on emotional intelligence and personality type tests compiled by Florence Littauer. This research variables are the emotional intelligence level and personality type. This study used data from 100 respondents, then data was analyzed using Chi Square test.Results: From 100 respondents, dominant personality type is Sanguinis 35%, followed by Choleric 13%, Melancholy 27%, and Plegmatis 25%. There were no respondent who showed a low level of emotional intelligence in this study. 64% of respondents have a high level of emotional intelligence, while the remaining 36% have a moderate level. Chi Square test shows p value is 0.032.Conclusion: There is a relationship between personality types based on Galen's theory with emotional intelligence level on medical students in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga.
The Role of JAK2 in Myeloproliferative Diseases Diagnosis
Authors: Rezkitha Yudith Annisa Ayu , Bintoro S. Ugroseno Yudho , Ashariati Ami
Published: August 2019

Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) plays an important role in mediating transduction signal of hematopoiesis, including in the pathogenesis of Myeloproliferative diseases (MPD). Various studies have been carried out to identify the position of aleles in tyrosine encoding mutations. Although the effect of JAK2 mutations is still not fully understood, the discovery of these mutations might be able to differentiate the types of polycythaemia vera, essential thrombocytemia, and primary myelofibrosis with malignant abnormalities. WHO has revised the MPD diagnosis criteria following this finding. This review will discuss the role of JAK2.
Etiology Based on Clinical Manifestation of Acute Diarrhea Incidence of Children Hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya Period 2011-2013
Authors: Imanadhia Ashfahani , Ranuh IGM Reza Gunadi , Nuswantoro Djohar
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Diarrhea is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality of children worldwide, especially in developing countries. Acute diarrhea can occur from a large number of causes. We aim to describe the clinical manifestation characteristics of acute diarrhea on pediatric patients that are presented to the hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study from all pediatric patients treated in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2011-2013.Age, gender, nutritional status, length of hospital stay, duration of breastfeeding, clinical signs and symptoms, as well as laboratory results collected and analyzed descriptively.Results: One hundred and fifty patients were included with characteristics of male(54%), infant (55.3%)with a mean age of 6-7 month. History of being exclusively breastfed(54%) and lack of nutrition(48%). Vomiting is mostly present (72.7%) and commonly come with a combination of two symptoms (42%) which were vomiting and fever. Mild to severe dehydration degree could be found on the patient who had vomiting, seizure, and fever. The most length of stay was frequently >72 hours. The occurrence of acute diarrhea on a child who was treated in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya is dominated by vomiting and it could be inferred that the most acute diarrhea has a tendency of being caused by a virus, where liquid acute diarrhea without blood, mucus, or fever is found.Conclusion: The etiology of acute diarrhea is mostly caused by viruses and symptoms dominated by a combination of vomiting, fever, and diarrhea without blood caused by villi damage.
Characteristic of Hemophilia A Patients in Initial Diagnosis in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Swary Angela Dinaria Kemala , Andarsini Mia Ratwita , Hajat Arifoel
Published: August 2019

Introduction: This research is conducted to describe the characteristic of Hemophilia A patients.Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 55 patients with Hemophilia A. The variables were age, bleeding episode, factor VIII level, and bleeding site. The data presented descriptively.Results: The largest group was 2-10 years old (52,73%). The most common bleeding episode occured in the patients was moderate level (60,0%). The most common patient’s factor VIII level was moderate level (52,7%). The patient’s bleeding most likely took place in muscle or known as hematoma (41,8%). While the less likely bleeding were intracranial and nose bleeding.Conclusion: 2-10 years old patient are the largest group because of hemophilia A mostly diagnosed in childhood, where children are actively moved so that the spontaneous bleeding or abnormal bleeding can be seen easily. Parents needs to be aware if there were abnormal or spontaneous bleeding which takes place in muscle or known as hematoma with moderate episode of bleeding which meant that the occurrence of spontaneous bleeding is periodically happened or in prolonged bleeding accompanied by minor trauma or invasive action.
Antibacterial Effects of Fluoride in Streptococcus mutans Growth in Vitro
Authors: Pradiptama Yura , Purwanta Marijam , Notopuro Harianto
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive coccus commonly found in the human oral cavity and is a pathogen of dental caries. S. mutans known to form biofilm in infective endocarditis heart-valve. Fluoride usage known to reduce the risk of dental caries. This study aims to analyze how usage of fluoride in inhibiting S. mutans growth.Methods: This study was an experimental study. Antibacterial activity test was performed to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using dilution method of sodium fluoride. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by culturing from the previous dilution test into Chocolate Agar Plate.Results: MIC for sodium fluoride is 4,8 mg/ml and the MBC for sodium fluoride to S. mutans is 4,8 mg/ml. We found S. mutans growth in higher concentration than 19,2 mg/ml. Conclusion: S. mutans was inhibited in dilution test. Growth of the bacteria in higher concentration of sodium fluoride is explained with quasi-irreversible inhibtior effects of fluorida.
Epidemiological Study of Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Putri Kezia Warokka , Ugrasena I Dewa Gede , Hernaningsih Yetti
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Considering the high number of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and it being the type of cancer with the highest fatality rate among the children, this study seeks to determine the epidemiological description of the clinical and laboratory profiles of patients with ALL.Methods: This research used a descriptive study by using medical data record of patients with ALL. The research variables were gender, age, leukemia history of the patient’s family, nutritional status, symptoms and signs, laboratory examination, ALL subtypes, risk factors, and result outcomes. All data presented descriptively.Results: From a total of 50 patients, 54 % of them were male aged 1,5 – 10 years old. 84% of the patients’ family had no medical record related to leukemia. 42% of the patient malnutrition. Pale (78%), fever (64%), pain (32%), hepatomegaly (38%), lymphadenopathy (28%), splenomegaly (26%), patients with anemia (82%), leukocytosis (38%), thrombocytopenia (54%). The highest types were ALL–LI (68%), SR-ALL (54%), and remission outcome reached 82%.Conclusion: Insidence higher in male, aged 1,5 – 10 years old, malnourished at the start of the diagnosis. Most of the patients’ family had no medical history of leukemia. Symptoms and medical signs mostly appeared were pale, fever, and bone/joint pain. The physical examination showed hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly and laboratory first test showed the patients had anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia.
Bayesian Inference Approach to Inverse Problems in a Financial Mathematical Model
Authors: Ota Yasushi , Jiang Yu , Nakamura Gen , Uesaka Masaaki
Published: August 2019

This paper investigates an inverse problem of option pricing in the extended Black--Scholes model. We identify the model coefficients from the measured data and attempt to find arbitrage opportunities in financial markets using a Bayesian inference approach. The posterior probability density function of the parameters is computed from the measured data. The statistics of the unknown parameters are estimated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), which explores the posterior state space. The efficient sampling strategy of MCMC enables us to solve inverse problems by the Bayesian inference technique. Our numerical results indicate that the Bayesian inference approach can simultaneously estimate the unknown drift and volatility coefficients from the measured data.
Parametrically Amplified Low-Power MEMS Capacitive Humidity Sensor
Authors: Likhite Rugved , Banerjee Aishwaryadev , Majumder Apratim , Karkhanis Mohit , Kim Hanseup , Mastrangelo Carlos H.
Published: August 2019

We present the design, fabrication, and response of a polymer-based Laterally Amplified Chemo-Mechanical (LACM) humidity sensor based on mechanical leveraging and parametric amplification. The device consists of a sense cantilever asymmetrically patterned with a polymer and flanked by two stationary electrodes on the sides. When exposed to a humidity change, the polymer swells after absorbing the analyte and causes the central cantilever to bend laterally towards one side, causing a change in the measured capacitance. The device features an intrinsic gain due to parametric amplification resulting in an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). 11-fold magnification in sensor response was observed via voltage biasing of the side electrodes without the use of conventional electronic amplifiers. The sensor showed a repeatable and recoverable capacitance change of 11% when exposed to a change in relative humidity from 25-85%. The dynamic characterization of the device also revealed a response time ~1s and demonstrated a competitive response with respect to a commercially available reference chip.
Texture Segmentation: An Objective Comparison between Traditional and Deep-Learning Methodologies
Authors: Karabag Cefa , Verhoeven Jo , Miller Naomi Rachel , Reyes-Aldasoro Constantino Carlos
Published: August 2019

This paper compares a series of traditional and deep learning methodologies for the segmentation of textures. Six well-known texture composites first published by Randen and Hus{\o}y were used to compare traditional segmentation techniques (co-occurrence, filtering, local binary patterns, watershed, multiresolution sub-band filtering) against a deep-learning approach based on the U-Net architecture. For the latter, the effects of depth of the network, number of epochs and different optimisation algorithms were investigated. Overall, the best results were provided by the deep-learning approach. However, the best results were distributed within the parameters, and many configurations provided results well below the traditional techniques.