bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activation of Recombinantly Expressed l-Amino Acid Oxidase from Rhizoctonia solani by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Authors: Hahn Katharina , Hertle Yvonne , Bloess Svenja , Kottke Tilman , Hellweg Thomas , Fischer von Mollard Gabriele
Published: December 2017

l-Amino acid oxidases (l-AAO) catalyze the oxidative deamination of l-amino acids to the corresponding α-keto acids. The non-covalently bound cofactor FAD is reoxidized by oxygen under formation of hydrogen peroxide. We expressed an active l-AAO from the fungus Rhizoctonia solani as a fusion protein in E. coli. Treatment with small amounts of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) stimulated the activity of the enzyme strongly. Here, we investigated whether other detergents and amphiphilic molecules activate 9His-rsLAAO1. We found that 9His-rsLAAO1 was also activated by sodium tetradecyl sulfate. Other detergents and fatty acids were not effective. Moreover, effects of SDS on the oligomerization state and the protein structure were analyzed. Native and SDS-activated 9His-rsLAAO1 behaved as dimers by size-exclusion chromatography. SDS treatment induced an increase in hydrodynamic radius as observed by size-exclusion chromatography and dynamic light scattering. The activated enzyme showed accelerated thermal inactivation and an exposure of additional protease sites. Changes in tryptophan fluorescence point to a more hydrophilic environment. Moreover, FAD fluorescence increased and a lower concentration of sulfites was sufficient to form adducts with FAD. Taken together, these data point towards a more open conformation of SDS-activated l-amino acid oxidase facilitating access to the active site.
PP2A as the Main Node of Therapeutic Strategies and Resistance Reversal in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhao Henan , Li Duojiao , Zhang Baojing , Qi Yan , Diao Yunpeng , Zhen Yuhong , Shu Xiaohong
Published: December 2017

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), is defined as a type of tumor lacking the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The ER, PR and HER2 are usually the molecular therapeutic targets for breast cancers, but they are ineffective for TNBC because of their negative expressions, so chemotherapy is currently the main treatment strategy in TNBC. However, drug resistance remains a major impediment to TNBC chemotherapeutic treatment. Recently, the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) has been found to regulate the phosphorylation of some substrates involved in the relevant target of TNBC, such as cell cycle control, DNA damage responses, epidermal growth factor receptor, immune modulation and cell death resistance, which may be the effective therapeutic strategies or influence drug sensitivity to TNBCs. Furthermore, PP2A has also been found that could induce ER re-expression in ER-negative breast cancer cells, and which suggests PP2A could promote the sensitivity of tamoxifen to TNBCs as a resistance reversal agent. In this review, we will summarize the potential therapeutic value of PP2A as the main node in developing targeting agents, disrupting resistance or restoring drug sensitivity in TNBC.
A Water Cluster Conduit in Crystal
Authors: Jian Fangfang , Liu E , Xu Jiao
Published: December 2017

The crystal structure of compound (1), [CuCl(phen)(H2NCH2COO)]∙4H2O, reveals an unusual hydrogen-bond water cluster aggregate T6(2)6(2). Four water molecules in (1) form an isolated water cluster, [(H2O)14]n, resembling a “phenanthro-[1,2]phenanthrene polymer structure shape” along the ac plane. The two face-face parallel [(H2O)14]n planes are bridged by Cl atoms in [CuCl(phen) (H2NCH2COO)] with a strong O-H∙∙∙Cl hydrogen bond to form a water cluster conduit.
Labdane-Type Diterpenes, Galangalditerpenes A–C, with Melanogenesis Inhibitory Activity from the Fruit of Alpinia galanga
Authors: Manse Yoshiaki , Ninomiya Kiyofumi , Nishi Ryosuke , Hashimoto Yoshinori , Chaipech Saowanee , Muraoka Osamu , Morikawa Toshio
Published: December 2017

In our continuing study of biologically active natural products from the fruit of Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae), we newly isolated three new labdane-type diterpenes, termed galangalditerpenes A–C (1–3), along with four known sesquiterpenes (4–7) and two diterpenes (8 and 9). The stereostructures of 1–3 were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic properties. The melanogenesis inhibitory activities in theophylline-stimulated murine B16 melanoma 4A5 cells of these isolates, including the new diterpenes (1–3, IC50 = 4.4, 8.6, and 4.6 μM, respectively), were found to be more than 6–87-fold higher than that of arbutin (174 μM), a commercially available positive control.
Adsorption of Cd (II) on Modified Granular Activated Carbons: Isotherm and Column Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Estupiñán Paola , Erto Alessandro , Giraldo Liliana , Moreno-Piraján Juan
Published: December 2017

In this work, equilibrium and dynamic adsorption tests of cadmium Cd (II) on activated carbons derived from different oxidation treatments (with either HNO3, H2O2, or NaOCl, corresponding to GACoxN, GACoxP, and GACoxCl samples) are presented. The oxidation treatments determined an increase in the surface functional groups (mainly the acidic ones) and a decrease in the pHPZC (except for the GACoxCl sample). A slight alteration of the textural parameters was also observed, which was more significant for the GACoxCl sample, in terms of a decrease of both Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and micropore volume. Adsorption isotherms were determined for all the adsorbents and a significant increase in the adsorption performances of the oxidized samples with respect to the parent material was observed. The performances ranking was GACoxCl > GACoxP > GACoxN > GAC, likely due to the chemical surface properties of the adsorbents. Dynamic tests in a fixed bed column were carried out in terms of breakthrough curves at constant Cd inlet concentration and flow rate. GACoxCl and GACoxN showed a significantly higher value of the breakpoint time, likely due to the higher adsorption capacity. Finally, the dynamic tests were analyzed in light of a kinetic model. In the adopted experimental conditions, the results showed that mass transfer is controlled by internal pore diffusion, in which surface diffusion plays a major role.
Computer Simulations of Lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: Fernandez-Luengo Xavier , Camacho Juan , Faraudo Jordi
Published: December 2017

Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) are promising soft matter nanomaterials for drug delivery applications. In spite of their interest, little is known about the supramolecular organization of the components of these self-assembled nanoparticles. Here, we present a molecular dynamics simulation study, employing the Martini coarse-grain forcefield, of self-assembled LNPs made by tripalmitin lipid in water. We also study the adsorption of Tween 20 surfactant as a protective layer on top of the LNP. We show that, at 310 K (the temperature of interest in biological applications), the structure of the lipid nanoparticles is similar to that of a liquid droplet, in which the lipids show no nanostructuration and have high mobility. We show that, for large enough nanoparticles, the hydrophilic headgroups develop an interior surface in the NP core that stores liquid water. The surfactant is shown to organize in an inhomogeneous way at the LNP surface, with patches with high surfactant concentrations and surface patches not covered by surfactant.
Recent Development of Prebiotic Research—Statement from an Expert Workshop
Authors: La Fata Giorgio , Rastall Robert , Lacroix Christophe , Harmsen Hermie , Mohajeri M. , Weber Peter , Steinert Robert
Published: December 2017

A dietary prebiotic is defined as ‘a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit’. Although this definition evolved concomitantly with the knowledge and technological developments that accrued in the last twenty years, what qualifies as prebiotic continues to be a matter of debate. In this statement, we report the outcome of a workshop where academic experts working in the field of prebiotic research met with scientists from industry. The workshop covered three main topics: (i) evolution of the prebiotic concept/definition; (ii) the gut modeling in vitro technology PolyFermS to study prebiotic effects; and (iii) the potential novel microbiome-modulating effects associated with vitamins. The future of prebiotic research is very promising. Indeed, the technological developments observed in recent years provide scientists with powerful tools to investigate the complex ecosystem of gut microbiota. Combining multiple in vitro approaches with in vivo studies is key to understanding the mechanisms of action of prebiotics consumption and their potential beneficial effects on the host.
Preparation and Evaluation of a Polyimide-Coated Ultrafine Gilt Molybdenum Wire and Its Knitted Mesh Used for Electromagnetic Reflectors
Authors: Shao Huiqi , Chen Nanliang , Li Shuang , Lin Fangbing , Jiang Jinhua , Ma Xiaofei
Published: December 2017

In this work, polyimide (PI) was coated onto an ultrafine gilt molybdenum wire in order to protect the gilt surface and prepare an electrically stable wire mesh material which can be widely used in space. The surface of the PI-coated gilt molybdenum wires was characterized using FTIR, SEM, and EDS. Factors such as temperature stability of the PI coating, mechanical properties of the PI-coated gilt molybdenum wires, contact resistance stability, and electromagnetic microwave reflectivity of the their knitted meshes were also investigated. The results indicate that the PI coating conformed uniformly to the surface of the gilt molybdenum wires. The prepared PI coating exhibited excellent temperature stability in the −196 to 300 °C range and could efficiently protect the gilt surface and improve the stability of contact resistance, while the reflection of its wire meshes showed only a slight decrease of 1.4% with the PI coating thickness of 3 μm for electromagnetic microwaves in the S band.
Immobilization of Platelet-Rich Plasma onto COOH Plasma-Coated PCL Nanofibers Boost Viability and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Solovieva Anastasiya , Miroshnichenko Svetlana , Kovalskii Andrey , Permyakova Elizaveta , Popov Zakhar , Dvořáková Eva , Kiryukhantsev-Korneev Philip , Obrosov Aleksei , Polčak Josef , Zajíčková Lenka , Shtansky Dmitry , Manakhov Anton
Published: December 2017

The scaffolds made of polycaprolactone (PCL) are actively employed in different areas of biology and medicine, especially in tissue engineering. However, the usage of unmodified PCL is significantly restricted by the hydrophobicity of its surface, due to the fact that its inert surface hinders the adhesion of cells and the cell interactions on PCL surface. In this work, the surface of PCL nanofibers is modified by Ar/CO2/C2H4 plasma depositing active COOH groups in the amount of 0.57 at % that were later used for the immobilization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The modification of PCL nanofibers significantly enhances the viability and proliferation (by hundred times) of human mesenchymal stem cells, and decreases apoptotic cell death to a normal level. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), after immobilization of PRP, up to 10.7 at % of nitrogen was incorporated into the nanofibers surface confirming the grafting of proteins. Active proliferation and sustaining the cell viability on nanofibers with immobilized PRP led to an average number of cells of 258 ± 12.9 and 364 ± 34.5 for nanofibers with ionic and covalent bonding of PRP, respectively. Hence, our new method for the modification of PCL nanofibers with PRP opens new possibilities for its application in tissue engineering.
A New Fully Gap-Free Time Series of Land Surface Temperature from MODIS LST Data
Authors: Metz Markus , Andreo Verónica , Neteler Markus
Published: December 2017

Temperature time series with high spatial and temporal resolutions are important for several applications. The new MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) collection 6 provides numerous improvements compared to collection 5. However, being remotely sensed data in the thermal range, LST shows gaps in cloud-covered areas. We present a novel method to fully reconstruct MODIS daily LST products for central Europe at 1 km resolution and globally, at 3 arc-min. We combined temporal and spatial interpolation, using emissivity and elevation as covariates for the spatial interpolation. The reconstructed MODIS LST for central Europe was calibrated to air temperature data through linear models that yielded R2 values around 0.8 and RMSE of 0.5 K. This new method proves to scale well for both local and global reconstruction. We show examples for the identification of extreme events to demonstrate the ability of these new LST products to capture and represent spatial and temporal details. A time series of global monthly average, minimum and maximum LST data and long-term averages is freely available for download.
An Architecture Providing Depolarization Ratio Capability for a Multi-Wavelength Raman Lidar: Implementation and First Measurements
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Alejandro , Sicard Michaël , Granados-Muñoz María-José , Ben Chahed Enis , Muñoz-Porcar Constantino , Barragán Rubén , Comerón Adolfo , Rocadenbosch Francesc , Vidal Eric
Published: December 2017

A new architecture for the measurement of depolarization produced by atmospheric aerosols with a Raman lidar is presented. The system uses two different telescopes: one for depolarization measurements and another for total-power measurements. The system architecture and principle of operation are described. The first experimental results are also presented, corresponding to a collection of atmospheric conditions over the city of Barcelona.
Optimal Rate Schedules with Data Sharing in Energy Harvesting Communication Systems
Authors: Wu Weiwei , Li Huafan , Shan Feng , Zhao Yingchao
Published: December 2017

Despite the abundant research on energy-efficient rate scheduling polices in energy harvesting communication systems, few works have exploited data sharing among multiple applications to further enhance the energy utilization efficiency, considering that the harvested energy from environments is limited and unstable. In this paper, to overcome the energy shortage of wireless devices at transmitting data to a platform running multiple applications/requesters, we design rate scheduling policies to respond to data requests as soon as possible by encouraging data sharing among data requests and reducing the redundancy. We formulate the problem as a transmission completion time minimization problem under constraints of dynamical data requests and energy arrivals. We develop offline and online algorithms to solve this problem. For the offline setting, we discover the relationship between two problems: the completion time minimization problem and the energy consumption minimization problem with a given completion time. We first derive the optimal algorithm for the min-energy problem and then adopt it as a building block to compute the optimal solution for the min-completion-time problem. For the online setting without future information, we develop an event-driven online algorithm to complete the transmission as soon as possible. Simulation results validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Location Accuracy of INS/Gravity-Integrated Navigation System on the Basis of Ocean Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Wang Hubiao , Wu Lin , Chai Hua , Bao Lifeng , Wang Yong
Published: December 2017

An experiment comparing the location accuracy of gravity matching-aided navigation in the ocean and simulation is very important to evaluate the feasibility and the performance of an INS/gravity-integrated navigation system (IGNS) in underwater navigation. Based on a 1′ × 1′ marine gravity anomaly reference map and multi-model adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm, a matching location experiment of IGNS was conducted using data obtained using marine gravimeter. The location accuracy under actual ocean conditions was 2.83 nautical miles (n miles). Several groups of simulated data of marine gravity anomalies were obtained by establishing normally distributed random error N ( u , σ 2 ) with varying mean u and noise variance σ 2 . Thereafter, the matching location of IGNS was simulated. The results show that the changes in u had little effect on the location accuracy. However, an increase in σ 2 resulted in a significant decrease in the location accuracy. A comparison between the actual ocean experiment and the simulation along the same route demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed simulation method and quantitative analysis results. In addition, given the gravimeter (1–2 mGal accuracy) and the reference map (resolution 1′ × 1′; accuracy 3–8 mGal), location accuracy of IGNS was up to reach ~1.0–3.0 n miles in the South China Sea.
Dynamic Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency of Environments in Brazilian University Classrooms Using DEA
Authors: De Alencar Bezerra Samuel , Jackson dos Santos Francisco , Rogerio Pinheiro Plácido , Rocha Barbosa Fábio
Published: December 2017

This paper presents an experience applied to a public university campus using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate and improve the energy efficiency of the indoor spaces of the buildings within the limits of the Federal University of Piauí, considering the lighting (installed power and luminous flux) and air conditioning (absorbed electric power and cooling capacity) input/output variables. Using Brazilian energy efficiency evaluation methods, a comparison was made between DEA and Brazilian standards, with the goal of examining DEA’s performance and feasibility in efficiency improvement. The results revealed that all of the analyzed university classrooms were inefficient, which is coherent with the classification obtained by applying Brazilian standards; the calculated efficiency scores for these rooms varied from 0.7182 to 0.8477, a 0.7848 average. The DEA model, while operating in lighting and air conditioning systems, achieved a reduction of installed power of 43.5% and 22.7%, respectively, totaling a decrease of 25.6%, being able to maintain the standard characteristics of the systems mentioned. According to the DEA models, it was found that the generated targets effectively improved the efficiency of lighting and air-conditioning systems, reducing excessive inputs such as air conditioners’ consumption and increasing deficient outputs such as luminous flux. It is possible to expand this successful application in the layout of the building in the whole campus area to concept small smart city projects; both have been achieved in the public buildings of the administrative body. Results from this paper revealed DEA’s potential in assessing and optimizing the energy efficiency of buildings, improving their sustainability indexes, acting as a tool to support decision-making and benchmarking.
Secreted Phospholipases A2 from Animal Venoms in Pain and Analgesia
Authors: Zambelli Vanessa , Picolo Gisele , Fernandes Carlos , Fontes Marcos , Cury Yara
Published: December 2017

Animal venoms comprise a complex mixture of components that affect several biological systems. Based on the high selectivity for their molecular targets, these components are also a rich source of potential therapeutic agents. Among the main components of animal venoms are the secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s). These PLA2 belong to distinct PLA2s groups. For example, snake venom sPLA2s from Elapidae and Viperidae families, the most important families when considering envenomation, belong, respectively, to the IA and IIA/IIB groups, whereas bee venom PLA2 belongs to group III of sPLA2s. It is well known that PLA2, due to its hydrolytic activity on phospholipids, takes part in many pathophysiological processes, including inflammation and pain. Therefore, secreted PLA2s obtained from animal venoms have been widely used as tools to (a) modulate inflammation and pain, uncovering molecular targets that are implicated in the control of inflammatory (including painful) and neurodegenerative diseases; (b) shed light on the pathophysiology of inflammation and pain observed in human envenomation by poisonous animals; and, (c) characterize molecular mechanisms involved in inflammatory diseases. The present review summarizes the knowledge on the nociceptive and antinociceptive actions of sPLA2s from animal venoms, particularly snake venoms.
The photodecarboxylative addition of carboxylates to phthalimides as a key-step in the synthesis of biologically active 3-arylmethylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindolin-1-ones
Authors: Anamimoghadam Ommid , Mumtaz Saira , Nietsch Anke , Saya Gaetano , Motti Cherie A , Wang Jun , Junk Peter C , Qureshi Ashfaq Mahmood , Oelgemöller Michael
Published: December 2017

The synthesis of various 3-arylmethylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindolin-1-ones was realized following a simple three-step process. The protocol utilized the photodecarboxylative addition of readily available carboxylates to N-(bromoalkyl)phthalimides as a versatile and efficient key step. The initially obtained hydroxyphthalimidines were readily converted to the desired N-diaminoalkylated 3-arylmethylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindolin-1-ones via acid-catalyzed dehydration and subsequent nucleophilic substitution with the corresponding secondary amines. The procedure was successfully applied to the synthesis of known local anesthetics (AL-12, AL-12B and AL-5) in their neutral forms.
INTERACTIVE DIGITAL MEDIA AND IMPACT OF CUSTOMER ATTITUDE AND TECHNOLOGY ON BRAND AWARENESS: EVIDENCE FROM THE SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: AHMED Rizwan Raheem , VVEINHARDT Jolita , STREIMIKIENE Dalia
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of interactive digital media channels such as social media, email marketing, and mobile marketing in creating the brand awareness. We have assimilated three behavioral factors including perceived value, trust, and word of mouth as mediating factors, and the Internet and smartphone as moderating variable. Total 2565 responses have been taken to investigate the role of digital media channels, and impact of mediating and moderating variables on the brand awareness. This research has used SEM-based multivariate approach including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and conditional process technique for examining the direct and indirect influence of variables. The results of the study exhibited that the interactive digital media channels have a positive and significant direct impact on brand awareness. Results further revealed that the perceived value, trust, and word of mouth as mediating factors, and the Internet and smartphone as moderating variables have a significant and influential impact in a relationship of interactive digital media tools and the brand awareness.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE ROLE OF URBAN LAND MARKET IN SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES: A CASE STUDY OF MASHHAD, IRAN
Authors: MIRKATOULI Jafar , SAMADI Reza
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this paper was to study the role of the urban land market in the spatial development of Mashhad. In this study, factors such as the status of buying and selling land, standard deviation of habitants’ income, changes in green space, land-use realization rate, and building violation formed the indicators for appraising the land market. The MORRIS model was used to evaluate the rate of development of this case study in three general groups, namely economical, social-cultural, and spatial-physical. The TOPSIS model was also used in classifying the development of each urban district. The effect of each development indicator on the general development was attained by using multivariate regression. The results showed that the economical development indicator has the highest effect on total development of the district. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to study the relationship between each indicator of the urban land market and the development of neighborhoods in this district. The sale indicator for the effect of the urban land market on urban district development was evaluated by the causal modeling method, which has the highest influence on the spatial development in Mashhad. In fact, owing to the price of land in some neighborhoods, selling and buying of land increased – it resulted in land speculation, development of some parts of the district, and reduction of spatial equality among neighborhoods. It is suggested that introducing a more accurate tax system can reduce urban land speculation.
Inclined Pulsar Magnetospheres in General Relativity: Polar Caps for the Dipole, Quadrudipole, and Beyond
Authors: Gralla Samuel E. , Lupsasca Alexandru , Philippov Alexander
Published: December 2017

In the canonical model of a pulsar, rotational energy is transmitted through the surrounding plasma via two electrical circuits, each connecting to the star over a small region known as a “polar cap.” For a dipole-magnetized star, the polar caps coincide with the magnetic poles (hence the name), but in general, they can occur at any place and take any shape. In light of their crucial importance to most models of pulsar emission (from radio to X-ray to wind), we develop a general technique for determining polar cap properties. We consider a perfectly conducting star surrounded by a force-free magnetosphere and include the effects of general relativity. Using a combined numerical-analytical technique that leverages the rotation rate as a small parameter, we derive a general analytic formula for the polar cap shape and charge-current distribution as a function of the stellar mass, radius, rotation rate, moment of inertia, and magnetic field. We present results for dipole and quadrudipole fields (superposed dipole and quadrupole) inclined relative to the axis of rotation. The inclined dipole polar cap results are the first to include general relativity, and they confirm its essential role in the pulsar problem. The quadrudipole pulsar illustrates the phenomenon of thin annular polar caps. More generally, our method lays a foundation for detailed modeling of pulsar emission with realistic magnetic fields.
MWC 349A and B Are Not Gravitationally Bound: New Evidence
Authors: Drew P. , Strelnitski V. , Smith H. A. , Mink J. , Jorgenson R. A. , O’Meara J. M.
Published: December 2017

The age and evolutionary status of MWC 349A, the unique emission-line star with maser and laser radiation in hydrogen recombination lines, remain unknown, because the spectrum of the star is veiled by bright emission from the ionized disk and wind. The major argument for this massive (>10 M
⊙) star being evolved is its association with a close-by (2.4 arcsec) companion, MWC 349B, whose B0III spectrum implies an age of a few million years. However, newly obtained high-resolution spectra of MWC 349B reveal a difference of ≈35 km s−1 in the radial velocities of the two stars, which makes their being gravitationally bound highly improbable. An estimate of the relative proper motion of the two stars seems to confirm this conclusion. This reopens the previously suggested possibility that MWC 349A is a young massive star in a region of active star formation close to Cyg OB2 association. MWC 349B, which moves with a speed ≥35 km s−1 relative to Cyg OB2, may be a runaway star from this association.
Optical Spectroscopic Survey of a Sample of Unidentified Fermi Objects
Authors: Paiano Simona , Falomo Renato , Franceschini Alberto , Treves Aldo , Scarpa Riccardo
Published: December 2017

We present optical spectroscopy secured at the 10 m Gran Telescopio Canarias of the counterparts of 20 extragalactic γ-ray sources detected by the Fermi satellite. The observations allow us to investigate the nature of these sources and to determine their redshift. We find that all optical counterparts have a spectrum that is consistent with a BL Lac object nature. We are able to determine the redshift for 11 objects and set spectroscopic redshift limits for five targets. The optical spectrum is found featureless for only four sources. In the latter cases, we can set lower limits on the redshift based on the assumption that they are hosted by a typical massive elliptical galaxy whose spectrum is diluted by the nonthermal continuum. The observations allow us to unveil the nature of these gamma-ray sources and provide a sanity check of a tool to discover the counterparts of γ-ray emitters/blazars based on their multiwavelength emission.
Statistical Study of the Magnetic Field Orientation in Solar Filaments
Authors: Hanaoka Yoichiro , Sakurai Takashi
Published: December 2017

We have carried out a statistical study of the average orientation of the magnetic field in solar filaments with respect to their axes for more than 400 samples, based on data taken with daily full-Sun, full-Stokes spectropolarimetric observations using the He i 1083.0 nm line. The major part of the samples are the filaments in the quiet areas, but those in the active areas are included as well. The average orientation of the magnetic field in filaments shows a systematic property depending on the hemisphere; the direction of the magnetic field in filaments in the northern (southern) hemisphere mostly deviates clockwise (counterclockwise) from their axes, which run along the magnetic polarity inversion line. The deviation angles of the magnetic field from the axes are concentrated between 10° and 30°. This hemispheric pattern is consistent with that revealed for chirality of filament barbs, filament channels, and for other solar features found to possess chirality. For some filaments, it was confirmed that their magnetic field direction is locally parallel to their structure seen in Hα images. Our results for the first time confirmed this hemispheric pattern with the direct observation of the magnetic field in filaments. Interestingly, the filaments which show the opposite magnetic field deviation to the hemispheric pattern, are in many cases found above the polarity inversion line whose ambient photospheric magnetic field has the polarity alignment being opposite to that of active regions following the Hale–Nicholson law.
Students’ mobility at a glance: efficiency and fairness when brain drain and brain gain are at stake
Authors: Gérard Marcel , Sanna Alice
Published: December 2017

La mobilité internationale et transfrontalière des étudiants est un moyen majeur pour favoriser la paix entre les États européens : se découvrir une culture et des valeurs communes, et, malgré une histoire de guerres et de conflits, réaliser que l’on a tout à gagner à construire ensemble un avenir commun, rend déjà la mobilité étudiante politiquement désirable. De plus, cette mobilité est un moteur pour la circulation des idées, des innovations et des diplômés. C’est une manière de créer un marché unique des travailleurs hautement qualifiés et d’aligner la mobilité du travail sur celle des autres facteurs de production. Cela peut, certes, entrainer des migrations de compétences à l’intérieur de l’Europe, du moins temporairement, mais aussi provoquer un gain en capital humain pour l’Europe dans son ensemble. Ainsi, nous lirons la mobilité étudiante sous deux angles, celui de l’efficacité de l’organisation du système d’enseignement supérieur, et celui de l’équité, ou de la justice, entre individus et entre pays. Dès lors, nous ne nous limiterons pas à des considérations théoriques, mais nous regarderons aussi les statistiques et les mécanismes institutionnels, développerons une évaluation de la mobilité étudiée, et émettrons des recommandations pour la politique d’enseignement supérieur.
Outils d’écriture du web et industrie du texte
Authors: Goyet Samuel
Published: December 2017

Cet article analyse le rôle que jouent certains outils d’écriture du web, les API ou « interfaces de programmation », dans la production des textes de réseau. En problématisant ces outils comme les lieux d’une « pratique lettrée » où s’exerce une fonction éditoriale, nous analysons comment dans le code informatique se jouent certaines conceptions du texte. En prenant l’exemple des API de Facebook et de Twitter, nous montrons que la discrétisation propre à l’informatique joue un rôle décisif dans l’exercice de cette fonction éditoriale, et que cette discrétisation sert aujourd’hui la circulation accrue des textes de réseau. Les API et le code informatique qu’elles permettent d’écrire sont ainsi identifiés comme l’un des maillons essentiels d’une industrie contemporaine du texte.
Mais je ne suis pas noire !
Authors: Evita Christelle
Published: December 2017

Peut-on être Française et noire de peau ? Dans une série de sketches, issus d’une pièce dont elle est aussi la comédienne, l’auteure a choisi l’humour et la dérision pour exprimer les divers sentiments d’étonnement, de colère, de tristesse, de lassitude voire le sentiment d’étrangeté qui l’assaillent lorsqu’on met en question le fait qu’elle soit française. On lira ici une troublante interrogation sur l’identité à travers l’identification imposée par le regard de l’autre.
Marie Langer ou l’impossible neutralité de l’analyste
Authors: Bley Lucia
Published: December 2017

Marie Langer, psychanalyste autrichienne contemporaine de Freud, militante marxiste et féministe, exilée en Argentine puis au Mexique, est une figure pionnière de la psychanalyse. Sa vie et son œuvre ont été orientées par cette question : comment concilier la psychanalyse avec la lutte sociale ? Sa critique de la dite « neutralité » de l’analyste rappelle avec force le risque constant de basculer vers une pratique « neutralisante ».
Vers une nouvelle esthétique bancaire
Authors: Pluchart Jean-Jacques
Published: December 2017

La banque de détail conventionnelle est engagée dans un mouvement sans précédent de reconstruction de sa chaîne de valeur, qui affecte à la fois sa stratégie, son organisation, ses services et sa culture. Elle est en effet confrontée à une révolution de son environnement technologique, économique et social. Elle doit s’adapter aux nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication, qui intensifie la désintermédiation de son front office et l’automatisation de son back-office. Elle doit affronter la concurrence des banques en ligne, dont la compétitivité repose sur l’agilité des services et les économies de coûts. Elle doit coopérer ou rivaliser avec les fintechs, qui offrent divers services financiers plus pratiques et moins coûteux aux clients, ainsi qu’avec les GAFAM et les opérateurs téléphoniques (comme Orange), qui développent des systèmes de banque au quotidien (paiements en ligne, gestion de comptes...). Elle doit développer de nouveaux concepts de «  néo-banque  » ou «  banque mobile  » (100% numérique), ciblant principalement les «  clients de moins de 35 ans, urbains, actifs et connectés  ». C’est notamment le cas de la Société Générale avec Boursorama (créée dès 2005), de BNP Paribas avec Hello bank, du Crédit Mutuel avec Fortunéo...
Análisis de las dinámicas de producción formal y funcional en un cartulario tardío: el ejemplo del Becerro Segundo de Sahagún
Authors: Agúndez San Miguel Leticia
Published: December 2017

Este artículo aspira a ofrecer una presentación del cartulario conocido como el Becerro Segundo de Sahagún para valorar las dinámicas formales y funcionales que rigieron su producción. Con ello, se pretende establecer unas pautas iniciales de comparación que permitan valorar, respecto a las mutaciones manifiestas en las prácticas de cartularización desarrolladas en el reino de León y Castilla entre los siglos XI y XIV, el dominio del empleo y las funciones asignadas a la escritura diplomática durante el periodo señalado.
Día Sánchez de Quesada. Un corregidor al servicio de los Reyes Católicos
Authors: Carmona Ruiz María Antonia
Published: December 2017

En este artículo se analiza la biografía de uno de los corregidores que tuvieron una vida más dilatada al servicio de los Reyes Católicos, y con una actuación más polémica: Día Sánchez de Quesada, miembro de uno de los linajes más influyentes del reino de Jaén, que contaba en su patrimonio con el señorío de las localidades jienenses de Garcíez y Santo Tomé, y que se asentaron en la cercana ciudad de Baeza, formando parte de su gobierno como regidores. Conocemos su labor al servicio de la corona a partir de 1485, año que fue como pesquisidor a la villa de Alcaraz. Un año después era nombrado corregidor de Segovia, continuando su labor en Cuatro Villas y merindad de la Trasmiera, Madrid, Alcaraz, Trujillo y Zamora, hasta 1507, año de su fallecimiento.
Els Castellvell durant el segle X, artífexs i veguers de la Marca de Barcelona
Authors: Martí Castelló Ramon
Published: December 2017

[Cat] Aquest treball reprèn l’estudi sobre els orígens del llinatge baronial dels Castellvell, una família aristocràtica de Barcelona que remuntem fins la fi del segle IX. Propietaris de terres arreu d’aquest comtat, la vella fortificació de Castellvell de Rosanes constitueix el seu bastió principal i els procurà una notòria participació al procés expansiu que es verifica durant el segle X, quan es constitueix la Marca de Barcelona i es multipliquen les fortificacions. Aleshores els Castellvell destaquen entre altres veguers, tant per les seves funcions extraordinàries de representació comtal com per l’amplitud dels enllaços que practiquen amb les famílies vescomtals del seu entorn. Són qualitats que distingeixen un llinatge que és paradigmàtic durant aquests temps de profundes transformacions.
La Capilla Real de la Santa Cruz en la catedral de Toledo. Reliquias, evocaciones, uso y decoración
Authors: Miquel Juan Matilde
Published: December 2017

A través de este artículo se pretende examinar la funcionalidad y significado de la capilla de la Santa Cruz de la Catedral de Toledo. En el análisis de la capilla de exequias toledana se evocaba el templo del Santo Sepulcro, al recordar los nombres dados a esta capilla: la capilla de la Santa Cruz y la subterránea del Santo Sepulcro. Este estudio procura analizar la evolución cultual y formal de la cabecera de la catedral de Toledo primero dentro del ideario del arzobispo Jiménez de Rada, y después como capilla funeraria y de reliquias de la Santa Cruz, contemplando su estructura y decoración.
Angustia y acedia como patología en el monacato medieval, manifestaciones y recursos curativos
Authors: Peretó Rivas Rubén
Published: December 2017

Las patologías espirituales y psíquicas propias de los ámbitos monásticos medievales poseían una sintomatología común que se manifestaba en la angustia frente a la propia existencia y que se conoció como acedia. La respuesta terapéutica de los monjes medievales frente a esta situación pasa, entre otros, a través de ciertas variantes litúrgicas, entendida ésta como representación terapéutica y como palabra curadora, herederas ambas de la curatio verbi propia de los monjes del desierto egipcio. Se trata, en definitiva, de la capacidad performativa de la liturgia. En este trabajo me propongo presentar los elementos más significativos de la acedia dentro del monacato cristiano y analizar tres textos litúrgicos como instancia terapéutica de esta afección.
Guillermo Pérez de la Calzada, el cardenal Guillermo y la crisis del Monasterio de Sahagún en el siglo XIII
Authors: Reglero de la Fuente Carlos Manuel
Published: December 2017

La Segunda Crónica Anónima de Sahagún narra los enfrentamientos entre los burgueses de la villa y los abades Guillermo II, Guillermo III, García y Nicolás. Los dos primeros, que rigieron el monasterio entre 1229 y 1244, dejaron el oficio abacial en circunstancias muy diferentes. Guillermo II Pérez de la Calzada fue removido por los visitadores papales, luego recibió el priorato de Belver y en su vejez vivió en el monasterio de San Zoilo de Carrión, donde compuso los Rithmi de Iulia Romula en 1250. Guillermo III, creado cardenal en 1244, murió en Lyon en 1250. Este trabajo examina su gobierno del monasterio y las circunstancias de tal remoción en el contexto de los conflictos internos de una comunidad monástica benedictina afectada por las disposiciones del IV Concilio de Letrán, del enfrentamiento entre el monasterio y los burgueses, y de las luchas de bandos.
La antología de Francesco Sansovino y su recepción en España (siglos XVI y XVII)
Authors: Berruezo Sánchez Diana
Published: December 2017

El presente artículo analiza la exitosa colección de cuentos de Francesco Sansovino atendiendo a su compleja historia textual y a su recepción en España. Por un lado, se detallan las adiciones, supresiones y modificaciones que sufre la antología desde su publicación en 1561 hasta su última reedición en 1610, especialmente por lo que atañe a la carta a los lectores y la posterior identificación del antólogo como autor de las novelas. Por otro lado, se ofrecen datos que atestiguan la circulación del texto en España en los siglos XVI y XVII.
La disposición de los conflictos en el tiempo de la recepción en dos comedias de Calderón
Authors: Martín Echarri Miguel
Published: December 2017

Toda obra de arte cuya recepción tenga lugar en el tiempo (la música, la literatura, el cine, etc.) experimenta la exigencia de ordenar de algún modo ciertos elementos en él: es posible analizar esa disposición (y no necesariamente atendiendo a su relación con el otro tiempo, virtual, de la ficción). Entre los géneros literarios, el teatro impone a las obras una limitada extensión y claridad en la expresión de las pretensiones, lo que facilita su detección. Proponemos ejemplificar con dos comedias de Calderón una propuesta metodológica para describir la distribución de conflictos en el tiempo escénico.
La “vieja métrica” medieval: principios y fundamentos
Authors: Gómez Redondo Fernando
Published: December 2017

La métrica medieval debe estudiarse conforme a las reglas fijadas por los gramáticos y por los poetas y tratadistas de la Edad Media. Sólo de este modo podrán reconocerse los principios por los que se regía la creación de versos que, en todo momento, buscan un orden de regularidad: entonativa, acentual o rítmica. La aplicación de criterios fijados en otros períodos temporales falsearía el conocimiento de una materia, viva y cambiante, que se basta con sus propias leyes y artes.
Designing, Building and Controlling of Home Appliances Unit Using PC
Authors: Ben Safar Saleh
Published: December 2017

Smart home is a residential building that is usually new or modern equipped with necessary tools and wiring that enable its occupants to control a number of electrical devices and several household appliances through a suitable software. Recently, the development of home automation systems is accelerating rapidly as a result of the rapid intersection of modern technologies. Here we are talking about systems for home communication networks as well as entertainment, security, convenience, etc. These systems are controlled by sending signals through wires distributed throughout the house or Through wireless means to programmable keys or devices so that they understand these commands and deal with them as desired. In this paper, I will discuss how to design the circuit with appropriate components, build it in Printed Circuit Board and connect it to a personal computer by using programmable language in order to control all home appliances by just one click. 
Estimating the Size of the Point Spread Function Using Fuzzy Logic for Blind Restoration of Satellite Image
Authors: Aouinti Fouad , Nasri M'barek , Moussaoui Mimoun
Published: December 2017

Despite the considerable progress in the field of imaging, the acquired image can undergo certain degradations which are mainly summarized in blur and noise. The objective of the restoration is to estimate from the observed image an image as close as possible to the original image. The iterative blind deconvolution (IBD) can be used effectively when no information about the distortion is known. This algorithm starts with a random initial estimate of the point spread function (PSF) whose its size affects strongly the restoration process of the degraded image. In this paper, we have implemented a fuzzy inference system (FIS) to determine the size of the PSF through the examination of the blurred satellite image edges and the measurement of the blur width in pixels around an obviously sharp object. The obtained results are encouraging, which confirms the good performance of the proposed approach.
Application of Digital Music Technology in Music Pedagogy
Authors: Zhang Peiwei , Sui Xin
Published: December 2017

This paper expounds the concept and current development of digital music technology in modern times by exploration and analysis around the music technology, in order to better develop music pedagogy. In allusion to the contemporary music pedagogy, a new instruction idea is proposed by analyzing the digital music technologies such as MIDI, digital audio and other new music carriers, namely, an instruction model which integrates the digital music technology and the traditional teaching mode and means in the music classroom of middle school. In order to validate the availability of digital music technology, this paper also contemplates the current development of digital music industry and demonstrates the importance of digital music in modern music pedagogy by drilling down the digital music characteristics. In the end, it is concluded that the digital music technology introduced in music classroom instruction of middle schools contributes to cultivating students' music learning capacity.
Hunting and Game Consumption Patterns of Hunters in South Carolina
Authors: Smith Joshua B. , Tuberville Tracey D. , Beasley James C.
Published: December 2017

Scarcity of site-specific consumption rates for use in contaminant exposure modeling has resulted in a lack of formal guidance for assessing risk of exposure to contaminants via consumption of wild game in the United States. Consequently, numerical estimation of what species hunters harvest, consume, and share is important for human health risk assessment, especially in areas with elevated risk of contaminant exposure. To address these information gaps, we designed and administered questionnaires to 260 hunters at two hunting expos in South Carolina and inquired about their harvesting, sharing, and consumption habits with respect to wild game and wild fish. Of the 11 game and fish we included in our survey, respondents reported hunting and consuming an average of 5.3 and sharing 3.5. We found a significant difference in number of wild game and fish meals eaten per year across a rural–urban gradient, with respondents from low population density counties consuming more than those from medium or high population density counties. Additionally, hunters in our survey reported sharing a considerable portion of the game they procure, and often consume more fish and game than they hunt. Thus, future surveys would benefit from asking more directed questions related to who is receiving harvested game and portion size shared. Additionally, 90% of surveyed hunters also reported consuming fish. Thus, our results also highlight the importance of considering cumulative wild game and fish consumption in future risk assessment analysis for the southeastern United States and other comparable populations, especially for high-risk groups such as children and pregnant women.
Pourquoi brûle-t-on des bibliothèques ?
Authors: Merklen Denis
Published: December 2017

70 bibliothèques ont été incendiées en France entre 1996 et 2013. Denis Merklen, sociologue, a enquêté durant cinq ans pour tenter d’en comprendre les raisons, esquisser quelques réflexions. L’objectif n’est pas seulement de donner à voir un phénomène passé inaperçu. Il s’agit aussi d’abandonner l’idée selon laquelle ce type d’événement relève de conduites insensées, voire nihilistes. Et pour cela, le premier pas consiste à sortir les élus, les bibliothécaires et les journalistes de leur état de perplexité dès lors qu’une bibliothèque est prise pour cible : nulle recette, donc, simplement des descriptions et des analyses pertinentes sur des conflits dont la nature et la signification ne sont pas évidentes.