bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Powered Intracapsular Tonsillotomy and Adenoidectomy in Infants ≤36 Months Compared to Older Children: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Stahl Avishai , Dagan Or , Nageris Benny , Biadsee Ameen , Ebner Yaniv
Published: October 2022

Objectives:

To evaluate the safety and outcomes of powered intracapsular tonsillotomy and adenoidectomy (PITA) for the treatment of sleep disordered breathing in infants up to 36 months of age compared to older children.

Methods:

This retrospective analysis included children who underwent PITA from 2013 to 2019 at a single tertiary care medical center. The patients were divided into 2 groups: up to 36 months, and 36 to 72 months. The data were collected from electronic medical records and from a telephone survey based on a modified version of the OSA-18 questionnaire. Post-operative complications, and short- and long-term outcomes were compared.

Results:

A total of 48 patients met the inclusion criteria for the main study group (up to 36 months of age). They were compared to 59 children 36 to 72 months of age. There were no differences in subjective outcomes between age groups ( P = .65). There were no differences in the frequency of post-operative complications between age groups ( P = .8) or in the number of hospitalization days ( P = .91).

Conclusion:

The short- and long-term outcomes and safety of PITA for the treatment of sleep disordered breathing in infants up to 36 months of age are similar to those of older children.
Gift of Unity: The Spirituality of Communion of Chiara Lubich and Luigi Giussani
Authors: Gourlay Thomas V.
Published: October 2022

In his Apostolic Letter Novo Millenio Ineunte, Pope John Paul II wrote that the Church must become the ‘home and school of communion’ if is to ‘be faithful to God’s plan and respond to the world’s deepest yearnings’. For this to take place, he indicated that even prior to making practical plans that ‘we need to promote a spirituality of communion’, a spirituality which ‘indicates above all the heart’s contemplation of the mystery of the Trinity dwelling in us, and whose light we must also be able to see shining on the face of the brothers and sisters around us’ (43). This paper will examine the spirituality of communion as it is proposed in the teachings of two prominent leaders within the new ecclesial movements within the Catholic Church in the 20th century, Chiara Lubich (1920–2008) and Fr Luigi Giussani (1922–2005).
The Influence of Robots’ Fairness on Humans’ Reward-Punishment Behaviors and Trust in Human-Robot Cooperative Teams
Authors: Cao Jiajia , Chen Na
Published: October 2022

Objective

Based on social exchange theory, this study investigates the effects of robots’ fairness and social status on humans’ reward-punishment behaviors and trust in human-robot interactions.

Background

In human-robot teamwork, robots show fair behaviors, dedication (altruistic unfair behaviors), and selfishness (self-interested unfair behaviors), but few studies have discussed the effects of these robots’ behaviors on teamwork.

Method

This study adopts a 3 (the independent variable is the robot’s fairness: self-interested unfair behaviors, fair behaviors, and altruistic unfair behaviors) × 3 (the moderator variable is the robot’s social status: superior, peer, and subordinate) experimental design. Each participant and a robot completed the experimental task together through a computer.

Results

When robots have different social statuses, the more altruistic the fairness of the robot, the more reward behaviors, the fewer punishment behaviors, and the higher human–robot trust of humans. Robots’ higher social status weakens the influence of their fairness on humans’ punishment behaviors. Human–robot trust will increase humans’ reward behaviors and decrease humans’ punishment behaviors. Humans’ reward-punishment behaviors will increase repaired human-robot trust.

Conclusion

Robots’ fairness has a significant impact on humans’ reward-punishment behaviors and trust. Robots’ social status moderates the effect of their fair behavior on humans’ punishment behavior. There is an interaction between humans’ reward-punishment behaviors and trust.

Application

The study can help to better understand the interaction mechanism of the human–robot team and can better serve the management and cooperation of the human–robot team by appropriately adjusting the robots’ fairness and social status.
COVID-19 and Differential Income Recovery: Survey Evidence from Indian Punjab
Authors: Singh Indervir , Singh Jagdeep , Baruah Ashapurna
Published: October 2022

The study examines changes in earnings of the workers over 1 year. The results show differential impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on income of the workers. The findings suggest that workers, whose occupations were restricted in the initial phase of lockdown, continue to do worse even after lifting the restrictions. Females, casual workers and the less educated are among the worst affected by the economic shock. They continue to lag behind with no sign of catching up with other groups. The study asks for short- and long-term policy measures to address the issue.
Improving adhesive behavior of fiber reinforced composites by incorporating electrospun Polyamide-6,6 nanofibers in joining region
Authors: Esenoğlu Gözde , Barisik Murat , Tanoğlu Metin , Yeke Melisa , Türkdoğan Ceren , İplikçi Hande , Martin Seçkin , Nuhoğlu Kaan , Aktaş Engin , Dehneliler Serkan , İriş Mehmet Erdem
Published: October 2022

Adhesive joining of fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite components is demanded in various industrial applications. However, the joining locations frequently suffer from adhesive bond failure between adhesive and adherent. The aim of the present study is improving bonding behavior of adhesive joints by electrospun nanofiber coatings on the prepreg surfaces that have been used for composite manufacturing. Secondary bonding of woven and unidirectional CFRP parts was selected since this configuration is preferred commonly in aerospace practices. The optimum nanofiber coating with a low average fiber diameter and areal weight density is succeed by studying various solution concentrations and spinning durations of the polyamide-6.6 (PA 66) electrospinning. We obtained homogeneous and beadles nanofiber productions. As a result, an average diameter of 36.50 ± 12 nm electrospun nanofibers were obtained and coated onto the prepreg surfaces. Prepreg systems with/without PA 66 nanofibers were hot pressed to fabricate the CFRP composite laminates. The single-lap shear test coupons were prepared from the fabricated laminates to examine the effects of PA 66 nanofibers on the mechanical properties of the joint region of the composites. The single-lap shear test results showed that the bonding strength is improved by about 40% with minimal adhesive use due to the presence of the electrospun nanofibers within the joint region. The optical and SEM images of fractured surfaces showed that nanofiber-coated joints exhibited a coherent failure while the bare surfaces underwent adhesive failure. The PA66 nanofibers created better coupling between the adhesive and the composite surface by increasing the surface area and roughness. As a result, electrospun nanofibers turned adhesive failure into cohesive and enhanced the adhesion performance composite joints substantially.
Rates of rare copy number variants in different circumstances among patients with genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Kim Bo Ram , Kim Young Ok
Published: October 2022

Background:

Most patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) have genetic etiology, which has been uncovered with different methods. Although chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has been broadly used in patients with DEE, data is still limited.

Methods:

Among 560 children (<18 years) who underwent CMA in our hospital between January 2013 and June 2021, 146 patients with developmental delay and recurrent seizures were screened. Patients with major brain abnormalities, metabolic abnormalities, and specific syndromes were excluded. The rate of rare copy number variants (CNVs) was estimated in total and according to seizure-onset age, relation to first seizure with the diagnosis of developmental delay, epilepsy syndromes, and organ anomalies.

Results:

Among the 110 patients enrolled, the rate of rare CNVs was 16.4%, varying by seizure-onset age: 33.3% in three neonates, 21.2% in 33 infants, 13.3% in 45 early childhood patients, 5.3% in 19 late childhood patients, and 30.0% in 10 adolescents. In relation to the first seizure with the diagnosis of developmental delay, the rates were 3.7%, 22.2%, and 12.5% in “before”, “after”, and “concurrent” subclasses, respectively. The rates of rare CNVs were 16.7% in “other predominantly focal or multifocal epilepsy”, 28.6% in “other predominantly generalized epilepsy (PGE)”, and 15.4% in West syndrome. The rates were 27.8% in minor brain anomalies, 37.5% in facial dysmorphism, and 22.2%, 20.0%, and 57.1% in endocrine, genitourinary and cardiovascular anomalies, respectively.

Conclusion:

The rate of rare CNVs in patients with genetic DEE was 16.4% in total, which was higher in seizures occurring below the infantile period or after the diagnosis of developmental delay, in PGE, and in the presence of facial dysmorphism or cardiovascular anomalies.
Implementing the Science of Math in a Culturally Sustainable Framework for Students With and at Risk for Math Learning Disabilities
Authors: Kong Jennifer E. , Arizmendi Genesis D. , Doabler Christian T.
Published: October 2022

This article focuses on implementing the Science of Math through a culturally responsive framework designed to support culturally and linguistically diverse students in math classrooms. We consider the influence of (second) language acquisition and instructional environments for students in addition to specific ways to increase instructional engagement with considerations of students’ cultural identity, prior experiences, and dual language development. Key features of the culturally responsive math instruction framework for dual language learning students with and at risk for math disabilities include utilizing culturally and linguistically appropriate assessment, anti-biased contextual supports, linguistics supports within math curriculum, and sustaining home-school collaborations. Implications for applying the framework for math instruction are discussed.
A brief comparison of forensic psychology in South Africa, the United States, and Canada
Authors: Pillay Anthony L , Gowensmith W Neil , Roesch Ronald , Hopkins Alexandra
Published: October 2022

Considering forensic psychology’s varying stages of development across the world, this work briefly explores historical developments, the field of practice, training, licensing, legislation, and associated challenges in South Africa, the United States, and Canada. While there are numerous similarities, a few differences are evident. Among the common areas of practice, psychologists are involved in assessments to determine fitness (competency) to stand trial, criminal responsibility in adults, as well as assisting courts in making determinations on criminal responsibility in the case of children in conflict with the law. In South Africa, psychological assessments of sexual violence complainants with intellectual disability are also required by courts. Psychological intervention, research, and policy development work are also conducted in the three countries. Challenges appear in the intersection between psychology and the law, expectations of psychologists, and the inclusion of psychologists in evaluation panels in South Africa and Canada. It is clear that psychologists are playing an active role in the professional development of the field, research, and coordinating with legislative authorities in advancing forensic mental health and advocating for people with mental health problems. However, across the three countries, there is a need for continued focus on the broader issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion with respect to the forensic populations being served, and there has to be a concerted effort to address the psychosocial needs of marginalized communities.
I’m Still Spending: Financial Contingency of Self-Worth Predicts Financial Motivational Conflict and Compulsive Buying
Authors: Park Lora , Ward Deborah E. , Naragon-Gainey Kristin , Fujita Kentaro , Koefler Nicole
Published: October 2022

People with financially contingent self-worth (FCSW) base their self-esteem on money and feel pressured to achieve financial success. However, the present research suggests such individuals may be vulnerable to compulsive buying and experiencing distress and impairment in their lives from engaging in this maladaptive behavior (Study 1a–1b). Study 2 identified a key mechanism: People with FCSW experience more motivational conflict between wanting to spend (vs. not spend) their money, which predicts greater compulsive buying intentions and anticipated distress from making excessive purchases. A 5-week diary study revealed that FCSW—on average and at a weekly level—predicted greater perceived financial motivational conflict and more compulsive buying, distress, and impairment in life (Study 3). People with FCSW experience more financial motivational conflict, independent of beliefs about spending implying wealth or feeling pressured to spend to display one’s wealth to others (Study 4). Implications and future directions are discussed.
Keratinic amyloid deposition in canine hair follicle tumors
Authors: Kobayashi Kyoko , Iwaide Susumu , Sakai Hiroki , Kametani Fuyuki , Murakami Tomoaki
Published: October 2022

Keratinic primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis is a disease in humans; however, no similar condition has been reported in animals. This study aimed to investigate cutaneous keratinic amyloid deposition in dogs and elucidate its etiology. Canine hair follicle tumor tissues were histopathologically analyzed. Immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry–based proteomic analyses were performed to identify precursor protein candidates. Structural prediction and in vitro fibrillization analyses were conducted to determine the amyloidogenic region and gene sequencing analysis was performed to assess mutations. Of the 266 samples, 16 had amyloid deposition. Amyloid deposits were found in the stroma of tumors and in the margins of keratin debris and around normal hair follicles. Cytokeratin 5 (CK5) was identified as a precursor protein candidate. C-terminal truncation of CK5 was observed in amyloid deposits, and the truncation sites varied depending on the deposition pattern. There was a significantly higher incidence of amyloid deposition in Shiba dogs, and CK5 amino acid polymorphisms were identified in these dogs. A part of the C-terminal region of both canine and human CK5 exhibited highly amyloidogenic properties in vitro. This study revealed the existence of cutaneous keratinic amyloid deposition in animals and identified CK5 as an amyloid precursor protein, providing novel insights into understanding the etiology of cutaneous amyloidosis.
Cross-modal associations between paintings and sounds: Effects of embodiment
Authors: Iosifyan Marina , Sidoroff-Dorso Anton , Wolfe Judith
Published: October 2022

The present study investigated cross-modal associations between a series of paintings and sounds. We studied the effects of sound congruency (congruent vs. non-congruent sounds) and embodiment (embodied vs. synthetic sounds) on the evaluation of abstract and figurative paintings. Participants evaluated figurative and abstract paintings paired with congruent and non-congruent embodied and synthetic sounds. They also evaluated the perceived meaningfulness of the paintings, aesthetic value and immersive experience of the paintings. Embodied sounds (sounds associated with bodily sensations, bodily movements and touch) were more strongly associated with figurative paintings, while synthetic sounds (non-embodied sounds) were more strongly associated with abstract paintings. Sound congruency increased the perceived meaningfulness, immersive experience and aesthetic value of paintings. Sound embodiment increased immersive experience of paintings.
A case of unexpected intraoperative airway obstruction in a patient with an aneurysm of the ascending aorta and aortic arch
Authors: Yue Jianming , Zhou Leng , Liang Peng
Published: October 2022

Upper airway compression is one of the clinical manifestations of thoracic aortic aneurysm, which is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. A 44-year-old patient with ascending aortic and arch aneurysm who was scheduled for Bentall surgery and total arch replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass suffered difficult ventilation after endotracheal intubation. The patient did not exhibit any positional dyspnoea or orthopnoea, did not show any difficulties in the supine position, and had no noteworthy medical history. However, we encountered unexpected hypoventilation after intubation. Isoprenaline infusion was effective while emergency cardiopulmonary bypass was established to deal with this crisis. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy revealed complete obstruction of the carina and confirmed the supracarinal position of the tube. Complete airway obstruction may occur even if there are no symptoms before surgery in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm. Comprehensive preoperative assessment, a well-developed airway management plan, and responses to possible emergencies are essential to reduce unnecessary events or complications.
What airway management information do anaesthetic charts prompt for? An audit of charts from 132 hospitals across Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Lim Kar-Soon , Nielsen James R , Piekarski Florian , Gerth Alice M , Zhong George
Published: October 2022

Anaesthetists can make safer airway plans if they know which airway techniques worked previously and which ones did not. Anaesthetic charts do not always capture this information, however, and guidelines from the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists do not specify what details on airway management they should include. To assess how anaesthetic charts support airway documentation, we audited the airway management section of blank charts from 132 hospitals accredited for training by the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. We evaluated charts for the presence of 17 clinically important data fields describing tracheal intubation, supraglottic airway use and bag-mask ventilation. Our audit revealed that data fields on anaesthetic charts focus more on tracheal intubation than bag-mask ventilation or supraglottic airway use. Nearly all charts (99%) had prompts for intubation and most had prompts for both operator technique and patient outcome. For supraglottic airway use, 95% of charts had at least one data field, but few had prompts for difficulty or outcome. For bag-mask ventilation, 58% of charts had a data field for difficulty but most of these were subjective; few (1.5%) included any outcome measures. Data fields describing bag-mask ventilation and supraglottic airway use were also inconsistent. In summary, data fields on Australian and New Zealand anaesthetic charts focus on tracheal intubation with consistent prompts for both operator method and outcome. The inclusion of fields for outcome and difficulty of bag-mask ventilation and supraglottic airway use could help clinicians make better records of airway management.
Turkish validity and reliability study of male genital self-image scale (MGSIS)
Authors: Koçak Vesile , Erkal Aksoy Yasemin , Dügeroğlu Sinem
Published: October 2022

Objective:

This study, which was carried out in order to determine the Turkish validity and reliability of the “Male Genital Self-Image Scale” in a population sample of Turkish men, is of methodological type.

Methods:

In the study, language, content, construct validity, and reliability methods were used for the intercultural adaptation of the scale. The data collection process of the scale was carried out with 336 men who applied to the Family Medicine Polyclinic of a hospital. In the language and content validity phase, the opinions of experts with technical and cultural knowledge were consulted. The data of the study were collected with the Sociodemographic Characteristics Form and the Male Genital Self-Image Scale.

Results:

As a result of experts evaluation, the Content Validity Ratio value was determined as 0.83. At the stage of construct validity, the suitability of the single-factor model of the items of the Male Genital Self-Image Scale was tested. It was determined that all items contributed significantly to the factor (0.62–0.92). As a result of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the measurement model was statistically validated (χ2 = 32.083, p = 0.001, χ2/df = 2.917, RMSEA = 0.076). The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was calculated as α = 0.92 in the analysis performed to evaluate the internal consistency of Male Genital Self-Image Scale.

Conclusion:

The results of the study revealed that Male Genital Self-Image Scale is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate genital self-image in Turkish men.
Pandemic, Politics, and Public Opinion About Crime
Authors: Kort-Butler Lisa A.
Published: October 2022

Prior scholarship links ontological insecurities, racial tensions, and health issues to public opinion about crime. This project examined these forces in the context of the 2020 pandemic, racial justice demonstrations, and politics using data from the Nebraska 2020 survey (N = 2775). Pandemic-related insecurities and racial animus were associated with avoiding places in the community, worry about crime, and the belief that police in one's community are underfunded. Trusting politicians but distrusting health leaders, and viewing COVID as an economic threat but not a health threat were associated with the belief police are underfunded. Results suggest that the politicization of the pandemic may influence support for criminal justice policies that promise a return to “law and order.”
Determinants of reduction of food loss and waste in Indian agri-food supply chains for ensuring food security: A multi-stakeholder perspective
Authors: Sagi Varnika , Gokarn Samir
Published: October 2022

With a rising population and increasing concern for food security, food loss and waste (FLW) has become a critical challenge to global sustainability. This paper, drawing on multi-stakeholder theory, aims to empirically identify the key determinants influencing the reduction of FLW in Indian agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) for ensuring food security. A structured questionnaire was used to collect responses from the various stakeholders of the AFSC and then the exploratory factor analysis technique was used to summarize the items into underlying determinants of reduction of FLW in Indian AFSC for ensuring food security. The results of this study reveal that (1) government support, (2) supply chain partnerships, (3) technological support, (4) consumer attitude and (5) top management commitment are the key determinants in the given context. All the stakeholders of AFSC must be aware of these key determinants affecting the reduction of FLW. They must work collaboratively to make a difference by preventing and managing FLW as it is everyone’s responsibility to work towards food security.
Efficacy of Medical Weight Loss in the Cosmetic Surgery Practice
Authors: Marcoe Jeffrey , Ward Kevin , Kang Moon , Meadows Lionel
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Weight loss is an achievement desired by many in our current society. Those who struggle to obtain their desired result with diet and exercise regimens are interested in other options. Although bariatric surgery is undeniably the surest way to achieve dramatic weight loss results, many patients are ineligible for the procedure or are uneasy regarding the surgery and desire an alternative. Thus, medical weight loss is a suitable option for many of these patients.

Materials and Methods:

We postulated that cosmetic patients undergoing medical weight loss would be more aggressive toward losing weight, which would synergistically result in a more significant degree of weight loss compared with noncosmetic, control patients.

Results:

Our retrospective study revealed no statistically significant difference in the weight loss achieved by each group.

Conclusion:

We concluded that medical weight loss does not act synergistically with a desire to improve one’s cosmesis; however, as both groups lost weight efficaciously, it can be concluded that medical weight loss can be used as an effective tool in a cosmetic practice for eligible patients.
Stability analysis of inclined MHD and Joule effects in Ti-alloy and MWCNT/water hybrid nanofluid: Flow separation
Authors: RamReddy Ch. , Saran Har Lal
Published: October 2022

This research article explains the Joule heating and inclined magnetic field effects on Ti6Al4V-MWCNT/[Formula: see text] hybrid nanofluids toward an exponentially shrinking surface. The system of flow governing equations, which is a coupled system of non-linear PDE’s, are transformed into a system of non-dimensional ODE’s by using suitable similarity transformations. The shooting method along with a fourth order Runge-Kutta approach is used to solve the system of resultant ODE’s. As a result, the dual solutions are identified for this problem. By utilizing the least eigenvalue approach, the first solution is found to be realistic and stable whereas the second solution is not stable. In order to verify the accuracy of outcomes, it is compared with the previously published results, and it is found that the present analysis is accurate upto four decimal places. Further, the streamline profiles are also provided in addition to the least eigenvalue profiles to understand the flow patterns. Finally, the flow separation point is identified. The velocity profiles improves in the case of first solution but it declines in the case of second solution with a rise in the shrinking strength parameter, however the temperature profiles behave in opposite manner. The skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate of Ti6Al4V-MWCNT/[Formula: see text] based hybrid nanofluids are found to be better with higher values of inclined MHD [Formula: see text] and incline angle [Formula: see text].
How co-production contributes to urban equality: retrospective lessons from Dar es Salaam
Authors: Wilbard Kombe , Kyessi Alphonce Gabriel , Limbumba Tatu Mtwangi
Published: October 2022

Despite varying conceptions of what co-production entails, there is a growing consensus in research, practice and public policy discourse that co-production is a preferred strategy for leveraging resources to deliver basic infrastructure services in low-income settlements. Using largely qualitative data, this paper explores the adaption of co-production in the low-income settlement of Hanna Nassif in Dar es Salaam, implemented 20 years ago by state actors, international agencies and grassroots actors, with attention to basic infrastructure and local employment. The findings reveal that co-production engendered partnerships and platforms and transformed sociocultural norms and values that made inroads toward urban equality in the settlement, although it failed to address inequalities among the partners, or to be replicated subsequently. The paper argues that meaningful co-production of basic infrastructure services in low-income settlements of the global South requires a focus on the context-specific pro-poor concerns and priorities.
It’s my party: The enforceability of political party rules
Authors: Orr Graeme
Published: October 2022

When may a political party’s rules be enforced in an Australian court? This apparently simple question, of the justiciability of disputes involving members of parties and their executives, has recently received its third different solution in under 90 years, thanks to Courts of Appeal in two key states. This article critically explains the history of the case law and normative positions in this area. The new position is found to be retrograde for the rule of law within parties, while offering an unclear test for when such issues might be heard.
Identifying Paths Forward: Expanding Palliative Care to Low-Income Patients in California
Authors: Hoe Deborah F , Wang Yu-Hsuan , Rahman Anna , Enguidanos Susan
Published: October 2022

Multiple studies demonstrate most consumers do not know about palliative care. And, since January 2018, California’s Medi-Cal Managed Care patients have been eligible for palliative care services under Senate Bill 1004 (SB 1004). Yet, the uptake of palliative care services was underwhelming. The purpose of this study was to explore patient-centered barriers to palliative care. We recruited 27 adult Medicaid managed care patients from community-based sites in Los Angeles and conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews. Each participant was asked questions to elicit their knowledge about, and perspectives on, palliative care as well as their preferred communication approaches for receiving a referral to palliative care. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. We used a grounded theory approach to guide our analysis of primary themes. Our findings indicated that the barriers to palliative care referrals among this population included lack of knowledge about palliative care and available services; the reliance on, and trust in, primary care physicians for information; language and cultural barriers; housing instability; and patient believing they are neither old enough nor sick enough to need palliative care. These findings emphasize the critical role primary care physicians play in advocating for low-income patients and the necessity for culturally sensitive education about palliative care. Promoting knowledge and understanding of palliative care among both primary care physicians and consumers is critical to ensuring access to care.
Clinical First-Trimester Prediction Models for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Qi-Fang , Hu Yin-Chu , Wang Chong-Kun , Huang Jing , Shen Mei-Di , Ren Li-Hua
Published: October 2022

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication that negatively impacts the health of both the mother and child. Early prediction of the risk of GDM may permit prompt and effective interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the study characteristics, methodological quality, and model performance of first-trimester prediction model studies for GDM.

Methods

Five electronic databases, one clinical trial register, and gray literature were searched from the inception date to March 19, 2022. Studies developing or validating a first-trimester prediction model for GDM were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data according to an established checklist and assessed the risk of bias by the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). We used a random-effects model to perform a quantitative meta-analysis of the predictive power of models that were externally validated at least three times.

Results

We identified 43 model development studies, six model development and external validation studies, and five external validation-only studies. Body mass index, maternal age, and fasting plasma glucose were the most commonly included predictors across all models. Multiple estimates of performance measures were available for eight of the models. Summary estimates range from 0.68 to 0.78 (I2 ranged from 0% to 97%).

Conclusion

Most studies were assessed as having a high overall risk of bias. Only eight prediction models for GDM have been externally validated at least three times. Future research needs to focus on updating and externally validating existing models.
Evaluation of the Effect of Wastewater Irrigation on the Microbiological Quality of Vegetables in Northeast Ethiopia: Implication for Food-Borne Infection and Intoxications
Authors: Berhanu Leykun , Abebe Masresha , Gizeyatu Adinew , Berihun Gete , Teshome Daniel , Walle Zebader
Published: October 2022

background:

Cultivation of vegetables using untreated wastewater is a common phenomenon in many drought-prone areas of the world. Consumption of such microbiologically unsafe vegetable increase the risk of food-borne diseases. As a result, evaluating the effect of wastewater irrigation on the microbiological quality of vegetables would be beneficial to consumers’ health.

method:

A total of 192 vegetable samples (lettuce, cabbage, carrot, and tomato) and 64 irrigation water samples were collected and analyzed for total bacteria and coliform count using a standardized protocol over a 4 month period. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was defined at a P-value of less than 0.05.

result:

Carrots were the least polluted vegetable, according to the study, while cabbage had the highest contamination levels. The mean bacterial count among the vegetables differs significantly ( P < 0.05). The fecal coliform counts of the irrigation wastewater exceed the international wastewater irrigation standards. The mean microbial count between vegetables and water samples showed a significant positive relationship ( P < 0.05). All of the analyzed vegetable samples were of borderline microbial quality for fecal coliform bacteria.

conclusion:

Irrigation wastewater has a low microbiological quality, which significantly contributes to the contamination of vegetables grown on it.

recommendation:

Measures should be taken to improve the microbial quality of wastewater as well as the quality of vegetables grown in order to protect consumers’ health from food-borne diseases.
Culture is transnational
Authors: Szulc Łukasz
Published: October 2022

In this article, I ask that culture be properly recognized as transnational, with all the implications of transnationalism, including cultural mobility as well as cultural imperialism and colonial legacies. I first establish that we all have culture and that the culture we all have is always already transnational. In particular, I call for the contextual specificity of the dominant culture to be acknowledged and scrutinized, as well as for all cultures to be thought of as provisional assemblages of multiple and entangled scales that co-create each other. I then offer some methodological, ethical, and political propositions to advance a truly transnational cultural studies, including radically contextualizing culture, employing comparative research, and de-westernizing academia. In conclusion, I ask for a radical mainstreaming of transnationalism in cultural studies; a universal recognition of culture as transnational and a universal engagement with a transnational sense of place in the studies of culture.
Condition assessment of seismically isolated multi-span highway bridge bearings using recorded and simulated seismic responses
Authors: Yunsong Xu , Siringoringo Dionysius M , Fujino Yozo
Published: October 2022

This paper describes a study on the responses analyses of a seismically isolated multi-span highway bridge recorded during the 2011 Great East Japan (Tohoku) earthquake and assessment of isolation bearing condition based on the responses. During the earthquake, lateral pounding and locking between the side-stoppers and the upper steel plate of the isolation bearings were observed of several piers. Finite element model was employed to analyze the problem and scenarios of locked bearing on the piers were simulated. The study also presents a wavelet-based technique to detect the presence and location of locked bearing. Instantaneous frequency of continuous wavelet transform of girder and piers accelerations were employed to evaluate isolation bearing condition by identifying the occurrence of high-frequency filtering effect. Afterwards, bearing condition was characterized via statistical clustering technique. Accuracy and efficacy of the technique were verified in simulations using three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge. Results of simulations demonstrate that wavelet-based features can effectively characterize isolation bearings condition directly from seismic responses of girder and piers.
The transmission characteristics and influence prediction of impulsive vibration caused by a solid metal ball impact in buildings
Authors: Guo Jingyi , Lin Qili , Di Guoqing
Published: October 2022

The impulsive vibration induced by human running and jumping, object falling, striking during decoration, etc., significantly disturbs the learning, work, and life of people through building structure transmission. To study the influence of impulsive vibration in buildings, a vacant frame building was selected as a tested building. The vibration at each floor besides hitting spot would be measured when a solid metal ball falling freely hit the first floor of this building. The vibration response at each floor caused by the excitation above was simulated through a finite element method. The parameters of the simulation model were optimized according to measured results. Furthermore, the influence of building structure, the total amount of stories, and slab dimension on the transmission of vibration from 1 Hz to 80 Hz which can be perceived by human bodies was quantitatively studied. Results showed that the vertical weighted vibration acceleration level at each floor linearly decreased with the increase of the logarithm of the distance between each floor and the hitting spot. A prediction model of vertical weighted vibration acceleration level from 1 Hz to 80 Hz induced by the impulsive vibration in buildings was developed according to simulation results. The corrections relating to the number of story, building structure, slab span, slab length-to-width ratio, and slab thickness were respectively introduced in the model which can predict the vertical weighted vibration acceleration level at each floor above the hitting spot. The results of this study can provide a basis for the prediction and control of impulsive vibration caused by an impact source with great stiffness in buildings.
How digital devices transform literary reading: The impact of e-books, audiobooks and online life on reading habits
Authors: Spjeldnæs Kari , Karlsen Faltin
Published: October 2022

Literary reading is under transformation. Digital devices supplement traditional paper books with e-books and audiobooks, and at the same time, ubiquitous digital connection challenges focused reading. Based on a qualitative interview study with adult leisure readers, this article explores how affordances offered by digital technologies influence reading habits. Informants demonstrate how e-books and audiobooks enhance reading experiences, as digital affordances influence the how and the when of literary consumption. Three prominent findings are stated. (1) Readers adapt reading mode to the situation, and experienced readers have developed strategies to maximise the ultimate combination of title, format and reading conditions. (2) Digital reading favours lighter texts. This dimension is more substantial for audiobooks, relating to the wide choice of combining audiobooks with other activities. (3) Being devoted readers motivates people to develop strategies to ensure further reading. These strategies effectively make readers practically and temporally disconnect to immerse in literature.
The effects of avatar customization and virtual human mind perception: A test using Milgram’s paradigm
Authors: Peña Jorge , Craig Matthew , Baumhardt Hans
Published: October 2022

This study investigated how “teacher” avatar customization and exposure to “learner” virtual humans who display mind-affected participants’ behavior and emotions in a re-creation of Milgram’s obedience experiment. Female participants customized avatars that merged their physical self with hero, antihero, or villain archetypes and then interacted with a mindful or non-mindful virtual human; 82.8% of participants went above the maximum electric shock intensity. Women who customized hero avatars delivered lower voltage shocks to a virtual human compared with those who customized antihero and villain avatars. Virtual humans’ display of mind did not affect shock intensity, guilt, or negative emotion though participants reported increased shame after shocking a mindful versus a non-mindful virtual human. Customizing antihero avatars increased shame and negative affect, especially after interacting with mindful virtual humans. We discuss the implications of these findings for the Proteus effect and Computers Are Social Actors perspective in extreme virtual encounters.
Beyond reflective practice: Blogging-with Place as a diffractive practice for (re)imagining place-based education
Authors: Nociti Karen
Published: October 2022

This article proposes the diffractive practice of blogging-with Place as an alternative to a reflective journal. Reflective practice is a priority for teachers, with reflective journaling often employed as a method for documenting a teacher's experiences and knowledge about sites that are intended for place-based teaching and learning. However, when implemented for the purpose of improving place-based approaches, reflective journaling is limited by its grounding in an epistemology that values knowledge as leading to mastery and control over the environment. In response to calls for a radical reimagining of place-based approaches, the diffractive practice of blogging-with Place offers an opening for (re)imagining place-based pedagogies that (re)situate children as part of Place–children common worlds. This article has emerged from a study during which the researcher walked- and blogged-with Gabbiljee, a wetlands ecosystem also known as the watery place at the end of Derbarl Yerrigan (also known as the Swan River) in Perth, Western Australia. The inquiry revealed that whilst the potential for diffractive practice was acknowledged, there were challenges for a teacher-researcher trained in reflective practice to make this shift. The author found that the intentional implementation of hesitating and (de)composing practices intervened in ways that disrupted reflective habits, prompted necessary unlearning and created openings for diffractive possibilities. Using excerpts from two different blogs, the limitations of reflective blogging are compared to the possibilities, challenges and unlearning that transpired when engaging with the diffractive practice of blogging-with Place. Speculative, transparent and emergent, blogging-with Place is an alternative method for documenting encounters with Place.
Experimental investigation on the perforation behaviour of sandwich panels with hybrid composite face sheets and cellular aluminium core using quasi-static and instrumented inverse impact methods
Authors: Derbala Imad , Tria Djalel Eddine , Gilson Lionel , Hemmouche Larbi , Halimi Rafik
Published: October 2022

With the rising demand for lightweight and high-performance shielding systems, sandwich panels made of thin rigid face sheets and cellular material cores have recently received much attention. The present study aims to investigate the perforation behaviour of lightweight sandwich panels made of fibre reinforced composite face sheets and aluminium foam core under quasi-static and dynamic testing conditions. A particular focus is made on the fibre hybridization effect on the overall panel behaviour. Impact perforation tests were conducted using an inverse perforation technique. Instead of conventional free-flying projectile impact tests, studied samples are fixed in a hollow projectile. Then, this assembly is accelerated toward an instrumented steel perforator replacing the incident bar of a split Hopkinson pressure bar. Consequently, this modified split Hopkinson pressure bar system can be used as both a perforator and a measuring device. Therefore, the piercing force-displacement curves, the energy absorption capability as well as the penetration and damage mechanisms of the tested panels was analysed and compared to quasi-static perforating tests. To better assess the testing results, quasi-static tensile and bending tests were carried out on the face sheets materials. Moreover, quasi-static and dynamic compression tests were performed on the aluminium foam core using conventional test methods and direct split Hopkinson pressure bar. Unlike the aluminium alloy face sheets, the experimental findings revealed that the sandwich panels with composite face sheets demonstrated higher rate sensitivity, better perforation resistance and specific energy absorption capability. Results have also shown that the hybridization of carbon and glass fabrics combined their best tension and bending properties as well as their higher dynamic strength, which has increased the sandwich panel's perforation resistance.
The effects of transparency cues on news source credibility online: An investigation of ‘opinion labels’
Authors: Otis Andrew
Published: October 2022

Unlabeled opinionated content on search engines and social media can potentially affect news consumers’ perceptions of the credibility of news sources. This paper explores the effects of ‘opinion labels’ on news previews (known as ‘story cards’) on readers’ perceptions of news source credibility. Participants ( N = 389) in a 3x2x2 study were presented with a feed containing biased and unbiased content from one news source. Labeling opinionated content on story cards significantly increased the perceived credibility of the news source ( p < 0.01), supporting the role of opinion segmentation on credibility. The findings have socio-political implications as they indicate that design choices such as labeling content can significantly impact credibility and trust in news media.
Gender dysphoria: An overview for orthodontists
Authors: Frawley Tom , Dyer Fiona , Praveen Seena
Published: October 2022

Among non-gender conforming populations, there is a subgroup of individuals who experience significant distress associated with their gender incongruity, commonly referred to as gender dysphoria (GD). In the UK, there is a recognised pathway for individuals experiencing GD. This has traditionally been initiated by a referral to the Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS) for children and adolescents or to a Gender Identity Clinic (GIC) for adults. This pathway can potentially involve several specialties and treatment modalities, including the prescription of various hormones. It is important for orthodontists to have an understanding of this field, as well as the potential treatment modalities, so that they can support this often marginalised patient group. Inherent differences between male and female facial features may also lead patients with GD to present to orthodontists, wishing to change their facial appearance. This article highlights the current national pathway for GD and the orthodontic considerations for these individuals.