bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVITALIZING THE SCHOOL LIBRARY: EMBRACING TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION
Authors: Mariel Kristine M. Cortez
Published: February 2024

This innovation revolves in the relaunching of the new library with the aid of modern technology. Installation of new library facilities such as the multimedia corner, educational board games corner and printing corner motivated learners to visit the school library that made them more excited in learning, reading and discovering things around them. This innovation was made possible through the unwavering support from various stakeholders extending their assistance by providing the financial needs of this project.
KEYWORDS: Library, Innovation,Technology
Business value of IT for small and medium enterprises during COVID-19: a systematic literature review
Authors: Alfaro Arias Pedro A. , Alfaro Martínez Raquel M. , Herrera Cordero Rodrigo J.
Published: February 2024

The article addresses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), focusing on the Information Technology (IT) investments made by these companies between 2020 and 2023. The health crisis generated significant economic effects, particularly in emerging economies, exacerbating pre-existing economic fragility and inequality. The study seeks to identify, through a systematic review of the literature, the investments, contributions, and uses of IT by SMEs located in Latin American, Asian, and European countries during the aforementioned period. It is concluded that, during COVID-19, IT investments in SMEs were not only a response to crises, but also a strategic source of resilience and financial stability. IT investment was highlighted as essential for innovation, digital transformation, and business continuity. Although low employee digital skills persist, the trend towards IT investment is positive, allowing SMEs to take advantage of technological and governmental opportunities to face the challenging economic context.
Complete Whole-Genome Sequence of Streptomyces sp. MUM 178J, a Potential Anti-Vibrio Agent
Authors: Loo Ke-Yan , Tan Loh Teng-Hern , Chua Kah-Ooi , Pusparajah Priyia , Chan Kok-Gan , Lee Learn-Han , Law Jodi Woan-Fei , Letchumanan Vengadesh
Published: February 2024

Streptomyces sp. is a group of filamentous, Gram-positive bacteria notoriously known for their capabilities in producing bioactive compounds that have been used as novel drugs and lead in drug development. The Streptomyces sp. MUM 178J was isolated from a mangrove forest in Malaysia. This isolate was found to harbor anti-Vibrio properties as its crude extract inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Therefore, the strain was subjected to whole genome sequencing to unearth its genomic potential. The genome of Streptomyces sp. MUM 178J consists of 6,699,249 bp with a G+C content of 71.3%. 66 tRNA genes and 18 rRNA genes were also predicted to be present within the genome. Further analysis with the bioinformatics tool, antiSMASH (antibiotics & Secondary Metabolite Analysis Shell), detected nine biosynthetic gene clusters displaying more than 70% similarity to known gene clusters, including one associated with melanin production. Melanin has demonstrated antagonistic activity against the growth of members of the Vibrio family, including V. parahaemolyticus. This indicates the potential correlation between the production of melanin and the anti-Vibrio properties of MUM 178J. The availability of the whole genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. MUM 178J allows for future in-depth investigation and potential exploitation of MUM 178J to harvest useful bioactive compounds.
Analisis Determinan Foreign Direct Investment di ASEAN-6
Authors: Maharani Inez Angela Eva , Setyowati Eni
Published: February 2024

FDI is one of the components that can spur economic growth. Developing countries, especially in the ASEAN region, need more capital inflows in the form of foreign direct investment. The purpose of this study is to find out what factors affect FDI in 6 ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei Darussalam, and Vietnam) for the period 2010-2021. The analysis method used is quantitative analysis method with panel data method approach. Data calculations were carried out using E-views 10 and Microsoft Excel 2019. The variables used are FDI as the dependent variable, while GDP, inflation, interest rates, and trade openness are independent variables. The results showed that the coefficient of determination is 0.7566. That is, 75.66% of FDI is influenced by GDP, inflation, interest rates, and trade openness variables and the rest is influenced by other variables. The estimation results of the F statistical test show the results that GDP, inflation, interest rates, and trade openness together have a simultaneous effect on FDI in 6 ASEAN countries. The t-test found that GDP and trade openness have a partial effect with a positive value on FDI in 6 ASEAN countries. Inflation and interest rates have no partial effect on FDI in 6 ASEAN countries.
Problems and Expectations of Students Regarding the Management of Learning in the Subjects of Thai Music Theory and History within the Thai Undergraduate Music Education Curriculum
Authors: Suwanphithak Weerakit , Ruwicha Chalermpan , Chuppunnarat Yootthana
Published: February 2024

This research aimed to investigate the problems and expectations of students regarding the management of learning in the subjects of Thai music theory and history within the Thai undergraduate music education curriculum. The exploratory and descriptive research methodology was employed. The data was collected from 103 students who enrolled in the Thai Music Education curriculum at the undergraduate level. Instruments include a documentary analysis form, and an online questionnaire (Google Form). The results showed that: (1) teaching method was lecture-based, resulting in disengaged learning and limited knowledge acquisition; (2) content was the lack of clear delineation between the content of the two subjects; in many cases, instructors mixed Thai music theory with Thai music history which made students confused and mis-concept; (3) instructional media failed to captivate students and did not facilitate comprehensive learning; (4) instructional materials, each university had different approaches to managing its teaching resources, which were both uninteresting and overly academic; and (5) context consists of the diversity of students, assignments, classroom conditions, and instructor’s preparedness. From the results, this research proposes the guideline for the management of learning in Thai music theory and history through Outcome-based education (OBE) and a blended learning approach that can apply to traditional music teaching which is familiar with the Thai culture.
Kidung: Integral and Structured Parts in the Implementation of Balinese Hindu Religious Ceremonies
Authors: Laksmi Desak Made Suarti , Sudirana I Wayan
Published: February 2024

Hindu religious ceremonies continue to be performed in Bali throughout the ages. A ceremony cannot be completed perfectly without the presence of the Kidung (hymn/sacred song), an integral component that cannot be separated. The implementation of the Yadnya ceremony is connected to the ceremony’s purpose. Panca Yadnya refers to these five types of ceremonies, divided by domain into Dewa Yadnya (ceremonies for Gods), Bhuta Yadnya (ceremonies for Bhutakala/demon), Rsi Yadnya (ceremonies for Mahaguru, Rsi, or parents/teachers), Pitra Yadnya (ceremonies for the deceased), and Manusa Yadnya (ceremonies for human’s life). The selection of the type of Kidung (hymn) adapts to the five domains of the relevant Yadnya, considering the various types of Kidung with text selection for context. Several supporting factors refer to the concept of tatwa, morals, and procedures both philosophically, technically, and contextually. The Kidung is sung with full regard for propriety, which is believed to strengthen the spiritual ascent in achieving sidakarya and sidapurnanya (perfectly done) by performing the Yadnya ceremony as an expression of offerings.
Calung Banyumasan: Borderland Identity Through the Lens of Musical Technique
Authors: Hayward Sean , Kartawi Darno
Published: February 2024

The music of the Banyumas region in west Central Java contains a complex blend of cultural influences, spurred on by the influence of neighbouring regions, the institutionalisation of Javanese classical music and the spread of recording technology. The bamboo calung ensemble is viewed as traditional; however, most of the standard techniques, instruments and forms are relatively modern. Specifically due to this artificiality and resultant flexibility, the musical techniques that have become standard practice in calung can be used as a lens through which to view local identity and representation in a borderland culture. The music played by the calung ensemble distinguishes itself from the court music of Yogyakarta and Surakarta, while drawing on its techniques as a means for development. Elements of Sundanese music become forces for inspiration in the context of entertainment and commercialism, with expert musicians preferring incorporation above imitation. Calung thus acts as a site for the assertion of Banyumas cultural identity. Through interviews and musical analysis, the authors claim that Banyumas is not merely a blend of surrounding cultures, but rather a distinct sub-cultural group.
Investigating the Roles of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Music Education: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mat Yusoff Shahazwan , Mohd Marzaini Anwar Farhan , Hassan Muhammad Hafiz , Zakaria Noorhayati
Published: February 2024

Despite the growing recognition of the importance of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in music education, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding the precise nature of its role and how it contributes to effective teaching and learning. The objective of this systematic literature review is to examine and synthesize existing research on the roles of teachers' PCK in music education. Specifically, the study aims to explore how the PCK of music educators influences their teaching strategies, curriculum development, student engagement, and assessment practices. The research seeks to examine how these roles may vary across different scenarios and the implications of these variations for teaching and learning, especially in the context of music education across various educational settings. By synthesizing findings from diverse educational levels and cultural contexts, this review seeks to offer profound insights into the optimization of music education across various educational settings. The study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The analysis focused on the research question and identified themes related to the PCK in music education. The analysis revealed four emerging themes: understanding of music concepts, pedagogical strategies, student-centered teaching approaches, and assessment practices. These findings provide insights into effective practices for music curriculum designers and instructors in designing and developing strategies in teaching and learning in music education. These insights can inform the development of effective teaching strategies, curriculum design, and assessment practices in music education, ultimately enhancing the quality of instruction and learning experiences for students.
Proximity to Daily Life: Parallel Musical Functions in the Austrian Biedermeier and Early Thai Rattanakosin Eras
Authors: Kim Hayne , Chantanakajornfung Apichai , Suwanpakdee Suppabhorn
Published: February 2024

In every culture and time period, music has always been a medium of expression that gathers people together. In Thailand, the Sadhukarn, ceremonial music from the early Rattanakosin era (1782-1851), expressed a bodily and mental salutation to heavenly spirits, reinforcing a unified belief system before the start of an event. In a parallel era in Central Europe, the music of the Biedermeier period (1815-1848) also had a unifying function as it grew out of societal conditions in which the distinction of classes became less pronounced. In order to more fully engage with these concepts, a concert was devised featuring an ensemble of instruments that would commonly have been played in a Viennese salon during the Biedermeier era. The repertoire studied and performed for this research were serenades written for the relatively rare and under-performed combination of guitar, violin, and viola by Biedermeier-era composers Leonard von Call, Wenzeslaus Matiegka, and Anton Diabelli, as well as a newly created arrangement of the Thai Sadhukarn for the same combination of instruments. Upon investigation of the role that music written in the Austrian Biedermeier and Thai Rattanakosin cultural contexts had in the broader community, it was found that both cultures were strongly driven by the middle class, resulting in a conception of music that emphasised accessibility and functionality, highlighting its proximity to daily life. The performance of these works aimed to transfer knowledge about the social function of this music to contemporary audiences of today.
Students’ self-regulated learning in open and distance learning for Mathematics course
Authors: Yahya Nur Azila , Md Said Junaida , Mohd Yusof Aufzalina
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the study on self-regulated learning (SRL) using open and distance learning (ODL) for Mathematics course in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Perak Branch, Tapah Campus. Some concerns with ODL mode are students’ academic performance, mathematical knowledge acquired, self-regulated learning when applying ODL alone throughout the entire semester. A sample of 347 among undergraduate students were collected at the end of March – July 2020 academic semester to measure level of self-regulated learning. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the level of agreement for ODL has positive contributions to the students’ SRL.
The Reliability and Usability Perception of Organic Chemistry Synthetic Pathways Board Game
Authors: Ramachandran Rajakumar , Muhamad Damanhuri Muhd Ibrahim , Wiyarsi Antuni , Hanafi Hafizul Fahri , Panessai Ismail Yusuf
Published: February 2024

This study aims to present the reliability and student’s usability perception of an educational board game in teaching and learning synthetic pathways at matriculation level. This board game mainly called as Synthetic Pathways of Organic Compounds (COPS). The research design used was ADDIE model. Needs analysis survey on 35 chemistry teachers and lecturers as well as previous literatures proved synthetic pathways and retrosynthetic reactions can be taught using game-based learning approach. Respondents for the research were one year matriculation program students from one of the colleges in Malaysia which was determined using two stage cluster sampling. Analysis of the usability perception data (mean score) shows students agreed on achieving learning goals (4.57) of organic chemistry synthetic pathways via COPS board game. Besides that, they also agreed on attractive board design (4.45), good board organisation (4.43), excellent playability (4.48) and high usability (4.48). Besides that, COPS board game also has showed high reliability with the coefficient value recorded at 0.984. The output of this study implies that COPS board game has high reliability and usability perception in learning organic chemistry synthetic pathways among matriculation students.
Preparation and characterization of seaweed encapsulated into chitosan beads
Authors: Mohamad Jaafar Adila , Samah Mohammad Shauqi , Abdul Sukor Arina Shairah
Published: February 2024

Current case in modern agriculture industry has shown that application of agrochemicals has led to high cost of production and serious environmental pollution. In this study, a natural organism known as seaweed, a renewable bio-resources originated from the sea has been chosen to be encapsulated in chitosan hydrogel. The rationale to use seaweed is because it is common in agriculture and horticulture, that the application of seaweed could promote growth, prevent pests and diseases. The seaweed was encapsulated at different concentrations (w/v%) of 5%-20% in chitosan solution using sodium tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker. The encapsulated seaweed in chitosan has been made into beads to suit the application as fertilizer beads. The analysis of FTIR for all beads confirmed the encapsulation took place when both functional groups of the host, chitosan and the guest, seaweed existed together in all the FTIR spectra of the chitosan-seaweed beads. CHNS further confirmed quantitatively that addition of seaweed at various concentrations into the chitosan beads showed increased percentage of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulphur content accordingly. The swelling test showed that when seaweed was encapsulated into the chitosan beads, the swelling percentage decreased accordingly with the increase in concentration of seaweed. This is due to the seaweed filling up the voids in the chitosan thus limiting the uptake of water into the system. The morphology study by SEM supported the results of swelling test, agglomeration of large particles surface out accordingly to the concentration of seaweed when the void spaces has been fulfilled. It could be perceived that the encapsulated seaweed chitosan beads is a promising material to the agriculture sector; promoting plant growth which could enhance the income of the farmers and yet safe to the human and environment.
Calibration of Polytomous Response Mathematics Achievement Test Using Generalized Partial Credit Model of Item Response Theory
Authors: Ayanwale Musa Adekunle
Published: February 2024

This study assessed the empirical comparability of item calibration in the developed essay (DEVessay-MAT) iand (NECOessay-MAT) iimathematics iiachievement iitest iiunder iithe iiGeneralized iiPartial iiCredit iiModel i(GPCM). The iiiinstrumentation iiiresearch iiiapproach iiiof iiicounterbalance iiidesign iiiwas iiiemployed. iiiThe iiisample consisted iiiof iii1080 iiisenior iiisecondary iiischool iiistudents iii(SSS3) iiiof iii36 iiischools, iiiwho iiiwere drawn randomly iiifrom iiiOsun iiiEast iiisenatorial iiidistrict iiiof iiiOsun iiiState, iiiNigeria. iiiTwo iiiinstruments iiiwere used iiiand iiidata iiiobtained iiiwere iiisubjected iiito iiiParallel iiiAnalysis iii(PA), iiiGeneralized iiiPartial iiiCredit Model iii(GPCM) iiiand iiiIndependent iiisample iiit-test. iiiResults iiishowed iiithat iiithe iiitest iiidoes iiinot violate unidimensionality iiiwith iiithe iiifirst iiiEigenvalue iii(2.05) iiifrom iiithe iiiexperimental iiidata iiiwas iiigreater than iiithe iiifirst iiirandom iiiEigenvalue iii(1.17) iiifrom iiiPA, iiiwhile iiiother iiiEigenvalues iiifrom iiithe experimental iiidata iiiwere iiiless iiithan iiithe iiirest iiiof iiiEigenvalues iiiunder iiiPA. iiiAlso, iiithere iiiexisted iiia significant iiidifference iiibetween iiithe iiistep iiidifficulties/overall iiiitem iiidifficulty iiiand iiidiscrimination/slope index iiiof iiithe iiitwo iiiinstruments iiiwith iii(t iii= iii3.52, iiidf iii= iii8, iiip iii< iii0.05) iiiand iii(t iii= iii3.26, iiidf = iii8, iiip iii< iii0.05) iiirespectively. iiiThe iiiauthor iiiconcluded iiithat iiithe iiideveloped iiiessay iiitest produced better iiiitem iiistatistics iiiestimates iiicompared iiito iiiNECO-MAT iii(essay) iiitest. iiiConsequently, iiiit iiiwas recommended iiithat iiipublic iiiexamining iiibodies iiiin iiisub-Sahara iiiAfrica iiishould iiiembrace iiian iiiapt polytomous iiimodel iiifor iiithe iicalibration iiof itheir itest items.
Embedding I-think Tools in an ITVC Chemistry Virtual Classroom: A Study Among High and Low Spatial Ability Students
Authors: Mohd Zuki Norfaiza , Taha Hafsah , Said Che Soh
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study was to develop and investigate the effect of i-think embedded virtual chemistry classroom (ITVC) on students’ higher order thinking skills (HOTS). This study also differentiates the effect of ITVC on interest among students with high and low spatial ability. The development phase involved the use of ADDIE Model in designing ITVC and conventional virtual chemistry classroom (CVC). The effectiveness investigation phase used a quasi experimental design involving 66 forms four students in a secondary school in Kuantan. 33 students (control group) learnt via CVC while another 33 students (treatment group) learnt via ITVC. Both ITVC and CVC were developed using the Google Classroom application provided by Malaysia Ministry of Education. ITVC was enriched with the i-think thinking tools while the comparison table was used in CVC. Four research instruments used were electrochemistry HOTS achievement pre-test, electrochemistry HOTS achievement post-test, spatial ability test and interest questionnaires. Data collected were analysed using t-test to answer the research questions. Results show higher electrochemistry HOTS achievement for low spatial ability (LSA) and high spatial ability (HSA) students in post-test compared to pre-test in both groups. LSA in the treatment group shows higher electrochemistry HOTS achievement compared to the control group. ITVC also caused electrochemistry HOTS achievement for LSA in the treatment groups to be equal to HSA in the control group. The interest results indicated that LSA in both, control and treatment groups have high interest in electrochemistry. The findings revealed that embedding i-think learning tools in the virtual classroom could act effectively in enhancing HOTS and interest among chemistry students. ITVC also enabled teachers to apply 21st century learning among students towards the realization of 4.0 Industrial Revolution (IR4.0).
Overview of Medicinal Properties and Toxicities of Agarwood Species
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Perak, MALAYSIA, Ahmad Mokhtar Azam Muzafar , Mohd Zain Haniza Hanim ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Perak, MALAYSIA, Mohammed Muayad TA ,   Environmental Research Centre, University of Technology, Baghdad, IRAQ
Published: February 2024

Agarwood is a type of wood that originated from an Aquilaria tree. It is considered to be a highly valuable resin that formed inside the main stem. The tree belongs in the Thymelaeaceae family and there are numerous types of Aquilaria tree available. The common ones are Aquilaria malaccensis, Aquilaria sinensis, Aquilaria crassna, and Aquilaria subintegra due to its being favoured among planters. In order to avoid any wastage, planters used various parts of the Aquilaria tree such as the leaves, stem, bark and root to produce various types of agarwood products (i.e.oud oil, agarwood tea, and incense). Based on the extensive researches that had been carried out, it was discovered that the agarwood or Aquilaria tree possess various medicinal properties, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, antidiabetic, antihistaminic, antianxiety, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, laxative, and improved neural activity. Although agarwood contained various medicinal properties, there are still insufficient information regarding its toxicity, resulted in the halt on the production of agarwood medicine. Therefore, this article summarized the various pharmacological properties of agarwood and its known toxicity, that will be used for future studies.
Morphological, Structural and Electrical Properties of Coconut Shell-based Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Kusuma Hamdan Hadi , Zaidah Nihlah , Kumila Biaunik Niski
Published: February 2024

In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was produced by green reduction process utilizing rose water as reducing agent. Various reduction temperature were also carried out to investigate its effect to the produced rGO. Prior to the reduction process, GO was initially synthesized by Hummers’ method utilizing coconut shell (CS) as initial carbon source material. The fabricated CS-based GO and rGO were then characterized to investigate their morphological, structural and electrical properties. Based on the measurement, rGO produced by reduction process at room temperature (RT) possessed the best sample among others. rGO_RT showed the highest electrical conductivity (0,08793 ± 0,00174 mS) compared to CS-based GO or other rGO samples.
Evaluation of Column-Wise Manipulations on Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) Data for Forensic Soil Discrimination
Authors: Lee Loong Chuen , Abd Hamid Nadirah , Mohd Rosdi Nur Ain Najihah , Sino Hukil
Published: February 2024

Soil is one of the most encountered physical evidence and can be useful in tracing the location of the crime scene. The discrimination of soils is fundamental to provide a link between a suspect and a crime scene. However, discrimination study of soils could be difficult due to interferences in the chemical fingerprint of soils obtained via a chemical instrumental technique. In this study, performances of four column-wise manipulations (CWMs) on ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) data of soils were evaluated. Both univariate and multivariate exploratory tools have been employed to elucidate discriminative capability of the preprocessed UPLC data. Results showed that CWMs hardly caused any positive impact to the UPLC data.
Data Analysis Integration Computer Imported Learning: A Microsoft Excel Case with StatisticsData Analysis Integration Computer Imported Learning: A Microsoft Excel Case with Statistics
Authors: Cobcobo Alice James , Capua Roger De Guzman
Published: February 2024

The use of ICT in teaching and studying mathematics helps students to develop mathematics. The practice's application, therefore, depends on different considerations, amongst which: teachers' expectations of their ICT teaching skills, instructor attitudes towards teachers in mathematics, teacher attitudes towards ICT contributions to student mathematics awareness. The research was undertaken to assess ICT integration readiness in the classroom in the Paracelis district for mathematics teachers at secondary schools. The thesis used a questionnaire with comments on any of the above variables. This questionnaire was forwarded to 15 mathematics teachers at Paracelis District secondary schools. It shows that ICT teachers' intervention in mathematics has an average limit of 4.06. It also ensures that mathematics teachers are confident and willing to use ICT in mathematics and mathematics instruction. The research results indicated that the controls and the sample groups were substantially different and verified. It shows that the research group was higher than the test group. The use of Microsoft Excel in integrating machine data in the resolution of statistics positively affects the student's performance. The integration of ICT into teaching, therefore, has an advantageous effect on the progress of students.
A Comparison Analysis Study to Analysis Requirements Elicitation for Arduino Development of IoT Application
Authors: Yusop Noorrezam
Published: February 2024

A rapid IoT application and its technology nowadays allowed the needs analyse of requirements elicitation to ensure the application product developed is consistent, correctness and complete. However, improper to elicit requirements is lead the failure of Arduino and IoT development. As requirements engineer, they must know how to elicit the requirements before proceeds to software development. Therefore, this paper provides a gap of study for existing work requirements elicitation that exist in market for commercial and for research purposes. We report our findings from review and analysis of different studies. The strengths and weaknesses of the features and utility are also presented to provide further understanding of the gaps and weaknesses of each research. We conclude that these researches are still immature and need further improvements.
Building online facilitating skills in the new normal
Authors: Boholano Helen B , Merin Jewish A. , Dapat Lelani C.
Published: February 2024

The sudden shift to remote teaching caused by COVID-19 pandemic has created a stressful and demanding context for teachers, specifically on the aspect of delivering remote instruction. This ascertained the challenges and opportunities encountered by 311 public basic education teachers attending different online training platforms and utilized the mixed method design in analyzing the data of the teachers’ online facilitation skills and used the scanning method in the data collection process. The challenges and opportunities they encountered was conducted through an unstructured interview via Zoom. The researcher-made questionnaires were sent to the teachers via email. Results revealed that teachers already had prerequisite ICT skills so the use of technology during the online training was not so much a threat in the enhancement of their ICT knowledge and skills except of the issues regarding very slow internet access and the lack of necessary and proper equipment and gadgets. In conclusion, teachers easily adopted to the shift from in-person to remote teaching; enhanced their ICT skills; and became prepared for remote teaching. Despite the sudden shift, these teachers remained positive in pursuing the direction for digital literacy to build an effective and efficient skills in remote teaching in the new normal.
The implementation of Al-Quran and Fardhu Ain (KAFA) class teacher teaching practices in teaching Tajweed Al-Quran in Kedah
Authors: Mohd Nor Muhammad Amirul , Mohd Nawi Muhammad Zulazizi , Muhamad Norhisham
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to identify the Implementation of Al-Quran and Fardhu Ain (KAFA) Class Teacher Teaching Practices in Teaching Tajweed Al-Quran in Kedah as prescribed by the Malaysian Teacher Standards (SGM). In general, the design of this study is a quantitative study and the research instrument used is in the form of a set of questionnaires. Also, the number of study samples taken is a total of 210 respondents consisting of male and female KAFA teachers in the state of Kedah. These quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially through SPSS software, version 22 to obtain frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. Findings of the study showed that the implementation of KAFA teachers' teaching practices in teaching tajwid al-Quran in Kedah based on the components of the beginning of the teaching, development of teaching, and closing of teaching was at a moderate and high level (M=3.81, SD =1.02). While the inferential analysis found that there were no significant differences for teachers' teaching practices on gender, place of residence, and course attendance. The implications of this study can be a guide to other teachers to improve teaching practices, especially in the field of tajwid Al-Quran that can produce effective and quality teaching. In essence, the quality of implementation of KAFA teachers' teaching practices in teaching tajwid al-Quran in the state of Kedah needs to be improved so that the excellence of KAFA education can be competitive on the international stage.
The culture and economic attributes of puso street food industry: Basis for a contextualized framework of puso teaching model
Authors: Cabasag Marvin A. , Batan Buchard L. , Canonigo John Thomas S. , Inocian Reynaldo B.
Published: February 2024

Recognizing the cultural and economic attributes of puso is an essential part of Cebuano street food culture and industry that serves as the basis for a contextualized framework of puso teaching model. The study used a grounded theory design with interviews among 18 key research participants. The attributes of puso mirror a social identity in Cebu’s street food industry and culture. Its orientation as a ritual object has shifted to a pragmatic orientation reflecting Cebu city’s fast paced-life. Its new identification creates a changing perspective; its characteristics remain integral to the Cebuano cultural identity; its rapid changes serve as one of the bases for local government units to regulate the industry’s management operations; and serve as a framework in the creation and dissemination of a contextualized teaching framework known as the Contextualized PUSO Teaching Model (CPTM). This innovative and culture-based teaching model addresses all teachers in academia to develop a sufficient grounding of cultural orientation and traditions that may warrant best learning opportunities.
Stakeholders' attitudes and beliefs towards the bilingual pedagogy of Islamic studies subject in a Malaysian international Islamic school
Authors: Tahir Syeda Rabia , Maarof Nooreiny
Published: February 2024

The bilingual pedagogy of the Islamic studies subject is commonly practiced in most private and international schools worldwide. This subject is most often taught and learned in Arabic and one other language. In Islam, Arabic is the language of the normative sources, the Qur'an, and the Sunnah (prophetic tradition), and a large part of the classical tradition of Islamic education. A challenging problem for many students is limited proficiency in Arabic and the other language used to teach the subject. The common other language used is often English. Some international schools advocate the bilingual teaching of Islamic studies using Arabic and English to address this problem. This study investigates the attitudes and beliefs of the stakeholders (the school principal, Islamic studies subject teachers, students of Islamic studies subject, and their parents) towards the bilingual pedagogy of Islamic studies. A case study approach has been adopted whereby a private international Islamic school in Kuala Lumpur has been selected as the study site. The study comprises two phases: (1) A survey questionnaire distributed among the school principal, the subject teachers, students of Islamic studies, and their parents, and (2) Interviews were conducted with the school principal and teachers teaching Islamic studies subjects. The questionnaire's statistical data analysis and the content analysis of the interview protocols contributed to the study's findings. It revealed that all stakeholders had positive attitudes and beliefs towards the bilingual pedagogy of Islamic studies subject. Future research can address and support language policies and practice on bilingual education for Islamic studies subject.
Integration of explicit vocabulary instruction in teaching Science
Authors: Venida Ariel
Published: February 2024

Reading comprehension is an essential interdisciplinary skill that serves as a foundation of all other subject areas. In science, as a subject rich in vocabulary words, the learner's ability to read and comprehend to generate a conceptual understanding cannot be set aside. Thus, integrating literacy strategies such as vocabulary instruction strategies in teaching the subject is of great help to the learners. This quasi-experimental research determined the effect of integrating explicit vocabulary instruction strategy in the conceptual understanding of students in science. Forty-four students served as participants in this research. Inquiry-based approach, particularly the Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate Learning Cycle (5 E’s) was utilized in teaching the control group. While in the experimental group, the same strategy was employed, but with the integration of vocabulary instruction strategies. T-test was used in determining the significant difference in the performances of the two groups. The findings reveal that the students who were taught with the integration of explicit vocabulary instruction strategy performed better than the students who did not undergo vocabulary instruction. This suggests that the integration of the explicit vocabulary instruction strategy in teaching science enhances the conceptual understanding of the students in the subject. Thus, it is recommended that science teachers who are trained as content specialists should consider integrating explicit vocabulary instruction strategies in teaching to address the literacy needs of the students.
Teacher education reform in Thailand: A semiotic analysis of pre-service English teachers’ perceptions
Authors: Sairattanain Jariya , Loo Daron Benjamin
Published: February 2024

The teacher education program in Thailand has undergone various reforms, with the latest being the shortening of the teacher education curriculum from five years to four. To date, very few studies have accounted for this reform. To address this gap, our study sought to analyse pre-service English teachers’ perceptions towards the reform. This was done through a semiotic analysis of visuals contributed by the pre-service teachers. There were a total of 43 visual contributions, which were analysed through Labbo’s typology of symbolisms and attributes discerned from the visuals and their corresponding captions. We were able to categorize the visuals to three types of symbolisms, which were transformative, typographic, and the third type being a combination of the first and second. The most common attribute was positive affect (emotion), with a few visuals rationalizing or questioning the reform. The analysis revealed that the pre-service teachers did not really understand the nature of the reform, despite their positive perception towards change.
Lived experience of teaching interns during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Iradel Charlo Mayol , Cadosales Maria Nancy Quinco , Perez Noremay
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on the educational landscape. As part of a state university's learning continuity plan, a flexible delivery system was implemented. This descriptive phenomenological study aims to investigate, through unstructured online interviews, the online teaching experience of ten (10) interns. Rigor was established following Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) Trustworthiness Framework. Using Colaizzi's (1979) thematic analysis, emergent themes were identified. The interns revealed their reached and unmet expectations, as well as the challenges in delivering their lessons and managing their classes. Nevertheless, they acknowledged the presence of a solid support system. They maintained a strong cognitive-social-teaching presence. They also displayed a growth mindset, resilience, integrity, and persistence in overcoming the challenges. Despite the difficulties they faced, they experienced successes and had realizations during their online teaching internship. Moving forward, the teaching interns made some useful suggestions for improving the teaching internship program's policies and practices.
Preschool teachers’ peer leadership readiness in mobilizing fun innovative inquiry in the New Horizon
Authors: Yuet Fanny Kho Chee , Zaid Khayri , Ardini Pupung Puspa , Gengatharan Kumaran , Ling Yip Chan
Published: February 2024

The main purpose was to assess preschool teachers’ peer leadership readiness in mobilizing ‘Fly with virtual Peer-Led Fun Innovative Inquiry’ (Fly with v-PeLFII) whilst validating the effectiveness of ‘Fly with virtual Peer-Led Fun Innovative Inquiry Model’ (Fly with v-PeLFII Model). The 3-point likert scale survey instrument which consists of seven constructs were gathered from 35 preschool teachers who attended the ‘Fly with v-PeLFII 21’ virtual workshop. Comparative analysis of Pre-Test and Post-Test of ‘Fly with v-PeLFII Model’ and descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze the data. The increased percentage from Pre-Test to Post-Test within the range of 57.14 percent to 71.43 percent revealed that 35 preschool teachers from Perak are ready to lead their peer teachers in mobilizing fun innovative inquiry in the new horizon. The result also portrayed that the newly developed ‘Fly with v-PeLFII Model’ was an effective online fun innovative inquiry approach to enhance Malaysian preschool teachers’ peer leadership competency in mobilizing the ‘Fly with v-PeLFII Model’, as well as transforming new ways of delivering interesting and enjoyable instructions in the new horizon. It was also revealed that the combination of various fun innovative inquiry led to various enjoyable hands-on learning activities via virtual and non-virtual interaction platforms. ‘Fly with v-PeLFII Model’ is also subjected for further validation and assessment locally and globally.
Challenges and struggles of public senior high school science teachers during the new normal
Authors: Geverola Immar Jun Robledo , Mutya Romel Cayao , Siason Louise Marie Bañados , Bonotan Amelia
Published: February 2024

The rapid increase of COVID-19 has brought challenges in the delivery of basic education and forced teachers to adapt the distance learning modality. It is interesting to find out the teachers' experiences in terms of their preparation, teaching engagement, and challenges in the new normal. The study aimed to capture the lived experiences of Senior High School (SHS) science teachers in the new normal education. Specifically, it sought to (a) determine the conception of science teachers on education in the new normal, (b) describe the challenges and struggles in the new normal, and (c) unveil the coping mechanisms of science teachers in addressing the challenges and struggles. A descriptive phenomenological study based on Colaizzi’s (1978) method was utilized to describe the lived experiences of Senior High School science teachers in the new normal education and their challenges and struggles of the Science instruction. Eleven (11) participants were selected as respondents of the study using the purposive sampling technique. The study utilized two research instruments – Part A. demographic profile and Part B. interview validated by an expert on research instrumentation utilized modified Colaizzi’s seven-step method (2018) for data analysis. Three (3) major themes emerged from the analysis of the responses to the study queries: Science as a Challenging Subject, Teaching and learning in the new normal, Teaching as a Vocation. The themes derived from the analysis of responses are essential in filling the gap in the literature that sought to explore the lived experienced of teachers in the new normal.
A review of the challenges and merits of collaborative learning in online translation classes
Authors: Amini Mansour , Ravindran Latha , Lee Kam-Fong
Published: February 2024

Faced with the Covid-19 pandemic worldwide, instructors and learners had to turn to online learning and teaching instead of the traditional physical mode. With this shift to online education, the innovative pedagogical approaches play a key role in facilitating effective communication and teaching approaches. The purpose of this review paper was to explore the merits and challenges of Collaborative Learning approach in online mode of teaching. Using a review protocol, the most recent and relevant studies were identified by searching the keywords from reliable databases, and descriptions were provided. Problems such as accessibility, learner motivation, technical issues, digital skills, time management, and cost-efficiency were identified as some of the challenges in most of the studies reviewed. It was concluded that Collaborative Learning in teaching Translation is an effective and dynamic approach that could contribute to the autonomous learning. A mix of both online and face to face modes of teaching, i.e., blended (hybrid) learning, was recommended as effective for Translation students. Finally, instructors were recommended to remind students about their responsibity regularly for more productive interaction, and effective engagement in the discussions and activities, as well as voicing out their opinions. This could make the learners become more crtitical and flexible learners who are constantly involved in teamwork and can accomplish Translation projects and assignments successfully.
The implication of practising blended learning, and conventional learning towards student's achievement and attitude
Authors: Govindarajan Shella Devi
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to use an appropriate learning method that can improve the achievement and attitudes of pupils from primary schools for Mathematics subjects. The type of this research was a quasi-experimental time-series design. The treatment group (n = 40) used blended learning (Moodle), while the control group (n = 40) used conventional teaching. The research instruments used were pre-Test, Test 1, Test 2, post-Test, and attitude questionnaire and interviews. The data analysis approach was evaluated using a one-way ANOVA to determine the differences between the experimental and control groups. The study found a statistically significant difference at p<0.05 level between the two strategies. The findings of the study showed that blended learning has successfully improved pupils' achievement. The findings also showed improvement in pupils’ attitudes in the blended learning. The study findings through interviews also showed that pupils prefer blended learning to make mathematics easier to understand. In conclusion, pupils in the blended learning class outperformed those in conventional classes.
We can make it: A probabilistic analysis on the satisfaction in flexible learning
Authors: Somosot Ian Saguing
Published: February 2024

When Higher Education Institutions shifted to online learning due to COVID-19, student satisfaction significantly dropped. Study aimed to determine which of the variables significantly influenced the satisfaction in flexible learning. This research employed quantitative design and used, stratified random sampling to determine the 205 respondents who answered the two adapted research questionnaires. Frequency, Spearman’s Correlation, and Binary Logistic Regression were used to statistically treat the data. The study confirmed that majority of the students had access to strong internet connection, and they used mobile data to access internet connection. Study revealed that most of the students used both smartphone and laptop to attend flexible learning. It is presented in this study that both modular learning and online learning were the learning modalities used in conducting flexible learning. Most of the instructors used Google Meet in conducting synchronous learning and LMS in the conduct of asynchronous classes. The study concluded a very weak, positive monotonic relationship between access to strong internet connection and student satisfaction in flexible learning and a very weak, positive monotonic relationship between type of internet connection and student satisfaction in flexible learning. Study posited that among the variables, only the access to strong internet connection has a significant influence on student satisfaction in flexible learning which means that when students have strong internet connection there is a likelihood that they will be satisfied in flexible learning. Further investigation is suggested to explore the result of the study employing a qualitative research design to give meaning on the experiences of students during the conduct of online learning.