bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Class of Ribosome Modulating Agents Exploits Cancer Ribosome Heterogeneity to Selectively Target the CMS2 Subtype of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Terzo Esteban , Apte Shruti A. , Padhye Simran , Rashed Saleh , Austin Wesley , Caponegro Michael , Reddy Anupama , Shi Shuhao , Wang Christy , Clark Roger B. , Sidransky David , Modur Vijay , Badarinarayana Vasudeo
Published: May 2023

Ribosomes in cancer cells accumulate numerous patient-specific structural and functional modifications that facilitate tumor progression by modifying protein translation. We have taken a unique synthetic chemistry approach to generate novel macrolides, Ribosome modulating agents (RMA), that are proposed to act distal to catalytic sites and exploit cancer ribosome heterogeneity. The RMA ZKN-157 shows two levels of selectivity: (i) selective translation inhibition of a subset of proteins enriched for components of the ribosome and protein translation machinery that are upregulated by MYC; and (ii) selective inhibition of proliferation of a subset of colorectal cancer cell lines. Mechanistically, the selective ribosome targeting in sensitive cells triggered cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Consequently, in colorectal cancer, sensitivity to ZKN-157 in cell lines and patient-derived organoids was restricted to the consensus molecular subtype 2 (CMS2) subtype that is distinguished by high MYC and WNT pathway activity. ZKN-157 showed efficacy as single agent and, the potency and efficacy of ZKN-157 synergized with clinically approved DNA-intercalating agents which have previously been shown to inhibit ribogenesis as well. ZKN-157 thus represents a new class of ribosome modulators that display cancer selectivity through specific ribosome inhibition in the CMS2 subtype of colorectal cancer potentially targeting MYC-driven addiction to high protein translation.

Significance:

This study demonstrates that ribosome heterogeneity in cancer can be exploited to develop selective ribogenesis inhibitors. The colorectal cancer CMS2 subtype, with a high unmet need for therapeutics, shows vulnerability to our novel selective ribosome modulator. The mechanism suggests that other cancer subtypes with high MYC activation could also be targeted.
Porto Maravilha: entre a imagem e a memória
Authors: Pacheco Bianca Teixeira Moret , Schicchi Maria Cristina da Silva
Published: May 2023

Este artigo discute as contradições existentes entre as propostas e ações implementadas do projeto Porto Maravilha – RJ, evidentes quando se propõe a construção de uma imagem competitiva para a cidade e, ao mesmo tempo, preservação da memória do território. Os objetos de análise são a patrimonialização do Cais do Valongo e as intervenções urbanas recentes na área, como a construção de edifícios culturais voltados para o público de classe média e internacional. Através da análise dos roteiros turísticos propostos, concluiu-se que a valorização e o incentivo ao turismo cultural relacionados à memória se tornaram apenas discursos, quando comparados à concentração de investimentos públicos e privados visando a exploração econômica da área.
"Futura architecta”: a trajetória da primeira mulher formada em arquitetura pela Escola Nacional de Belas Artes
Authors: Belarmino Camila Almeida
Published: May 2023

Este ensaio é fruto das recentes descobertas históricas em arquitetura e urbanismo realizadas no âmbito do doutorado. Serão demonstrados os resultados da aplicação do método de pesquisa histórica, desde a estruturação do problema até a comprovação das hipóteses por meio de fontes que conduziram à primeira arquiteta formada no Brasil e, ainda como hipótese a ser comprovada, na América Latina. Importante ressaltar que a investigação resultou na descoberta de sua primeira obra e reconhecimento de sua formação. Será apresentada uma breve discussão metodológica sob o ponto de vista da historicidade das trajetórias em arquitetura e urbanismo, a trajetória contextualizada historicamente da personagem e os significados historiográficos de sua desinvibilização.
Biblioteca Escolar no contexto do Projeto Palavras Andantes: a importância da coletividade e de políticas públicas para a consolidação do leitor – um estudo em bibliotecas do sul do Brasil
Authors: Lopes Leonardo Montes , Souza Renata Junqueira de
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo aborda as políticas públicas e as práticas de leitura nas bibliotecas escolares da rede municipal de ensino de Londrina-PR, que foi resultado de uma experiência premiada pelo programa Viva Leitura no início dos anos 2000. Assim, este estudo aborda investimentos em leitura e práticas de promoção e mediação. Este artigo é de caráter qualitativo, resultado de estágio pós-doutoral e foi elaborado por meio de estudos bibliográficos, tendo como embasamento teórico, autores como: Bakhtin, Freire, Kuhlthau, Chartier, Girotto e Souza, Silva, dentre outros. Ademais, foram feitas análise documentais, entrevistas com professores que atuam nas escolas pesquisadas e diretores escolares. Os resultados obtidos apontam que as bibliotecas escolares de Londrina apesar de ter configurado por muitos anos como espaço de formação de leitores, proporcionando o acesso à leitura para os alunos das escolas municipais; atualmente necessita de políticas públicas mais efetivas no sentido promover o espaço das bibliotecas escolares, o que faz a diferença na vida de estudantes que encontram nesses ambientes um caminho para informação, cultura e prazer. O artigo também aponta para as oscilações dos programas de biblioteca escolar, que por conta das alternâncias de gestões municipais, sofreu mudanças impactantes, que resultou na instabilidade das práticas de leitura e mediação desenvolvidas nesses espaços, necessitando assim, de um olhar mais atento com vistas ao fortalecimento e consolidação das bibliotecas escolares de Londrina-PR.
Violência sexual contra homens no Brasil: subnotificação, prevalência e fatores associados
Authors: Ferreira Denis Gonçalves , Bortoli Maritsa Carla de , Pexe-Machado Paula , Saggese Gustavo Santa Roza , Veras Maria Amelia
Published: May 2023

OBJETIVOS: Identificar e mapear a literatura referente à violência sexual contra meninos e homens brasileiros, bem como descrever sua subnotificação, sua prevalência e os fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se uma de revisão de escopo com buscas nas bases de dados: PubMed, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scopus e Web of Science. Os critérios de inclusão foram: (a) pesquisas que incluíssem dados sobre violência sexual; (b) inclusão de meninos ou homens como vítimas de violência sexual; (c) apresentassem dados sobre prevalência, subnotificação e fatores associados à violência sexual entre meninos e homens brasileiros. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 1.481 trabalhos. No total, 53 foram incluídos e tiveram seus dados extraídos. A maioria dos estudos é de natureza quantitativa (n = 48). O total de participantes em todos os estudos foi de 1.416.480 e a prevalência de violência sexual variou de 0.1% a 71%. A subnotificação foi um aspecto citado em vários estudos. Entre os grupos com maiores prevalências estão os homens que fazem sexo com homens e com disfunções sexuais. Maior tendência ao uso de drogas, isolamento social, sexo anal desprotegido, ideação suicida, disfunções sexuais e transtorno de estresse pós-traumático foram alguns dos fatores associados. CONCLUSÕES: A violência sexual contra meninos e homens brasileiros é pouco estudada e existem poucos estudos com esse recorte exclusivo, apesar da prevalência de a violência sexual ser alta. Questões culturais, como o machismo, contribuem para a subnotificação da violência sexual. Em relação aos fatores associados, identificamos questões relacionadas à saúde mental, sexual e reprodutiva. Recomenda-se que seja estruturado acolhimento para meninos e homens vítimas de violência sexual, prevenindo ou minimizando desfechos negativos.
Metabolomic Profiles Associated With Blood Pressure Reduction in Response to the DASH and DASH-Sodium Dietary Interventions
Authors: Kim Hyunju , Appel Lawrence J. , Lichtenstein Alice H. , Wong Kari E. , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Rhee Eugene P. , Rebholz Casey M.
Published: May 2023

Background:

The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diets reduced blood pressure (BP) in the DASH and DASH-Sodium trials, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We identified metabolites associated with systolic BP or diastolic BP (DBP) changes induced by dietary interventions (DASH versus control arms) in 2 randomized controlled feeding studies—the DASH and DASH-Sodium trials.

Methods:

Metabolomic profiling was conducted in serum and urine samples collected at the end of diet interventions: DASH (n=219) and DASH-Sodium (n=395). Using multivariable linear regression models, associations were examined between metabolites and change in systolic BP and DBP. Tested for interactions between diet interventions and metabolites were the following comparisons: (1) DASH versus control diets in the DASH trial (serum), (2) DASH high-sodium versus control high-sodium diets in the DASH-Sodium trial (urine), and (3) DASH low-sodium versus control high-sodium diets in the DASH-Sodium trial (urine).

Results:

Sixty-five significant interactions were identified (DASH trial [serum], 12; DASH high sodium [urine], 35; DASH low sodium [urine], 18) between metabolites and systolic BP or DBP. In the DASH trial, serum tryptophan betaine was associated with reductions in DBP in participants consuming the DASH diets but not control diets (
P
interaction, 0.023). In the DASH-Sodium trial, urine levels of N-methylglutamate and proline derivatives (eg, stachydrine, 3-hydroxystachydrine, N-methylproline, and N-methylhydroxyproline) were associated with reductions in systolic BP or DBP in participants consuming the DASH diets but not control diets (
P
interaction, <0.05 for all tests).

Conclusions:

We identified metabolites that were associated with BP lowering in response to dietary interventions.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03403166
; Unique identifier: NCT03403166 (DASH trial). URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00000608
; Unique identifier: NCT00000608 (DASH-Sodium trial).
Research on the Impact of Data Production Factors on China’s Green Transition
Authors: Wang Yali , Yan Erwang
Published: May 2023

Since the 21st century, the digital economy has developed by leaps and bounds. As a key factor of production in the digital economy era, data plays an important role in China’s green transformation. Based on the panel data of 282 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2019, this paper studies the relationship between data elements and green transformation. The results show that data elements can significantly promote green transformation by improving technical efficiency and achieving technological progress. Based on the above conclusions, all regions should speed up the infrastructure construction of digital economy, train digital talents, reduce resource dependence, improve the green, low-carbon and circular development system, formulate a digital economy development strategy considering local economic development levels, improve resource utilization efficiency and labor productivity, and actively promote green transformation.
Impact of Pandemic Outbreak and Targeted Required Reserve Ratio Cut Policy on Stock Return Rate: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Tian , Fang Fang , Zheng Linhao
Published: May 2023

This study analyzed the impact of COVID-19 outbreak and targeted required reserve ratio cut policy on stock returns of Chinese listed companies. This paper uses the data of 3,449 A-share listed companies from February 3, 2020 to December 31, 2020 for research, the empirical results showed that stock prices of private enterprises with stronger debt-paying ability and looser financing constraints, and state-owned enterprises with less supply chain credit risks performed better, in the central and western regions, enterprises with stronger solvency and looser financing constraints have better stock price performance during the early stages of pandemic. After the implementation of the targeted RRR cut policy, the stock prices of enterprises with poor solvency, private enterprises, and enterprises in central and western regions with strong financing constraints, state-owned enterprises, and enterprises in eastern region with high credit risks all showed significant reversals, and the stock prices reflected the effect of the targeted RRR cut policy in the short and medium term. Over time, the pandemic has been controlled, and the resumption of work and production has freed most enterprises from financial difficulties. However, due to sporadic outbreaks, large private enterprises and eastern enterprises with strong risk resistance and loose financing constraints enjoy better stock price performance. This study is helpful for enterprises to understand the value of financial flexibility and solvency and provides a reference for enterprises to make financial decisions: how to balance the benefits and costs of solvency.
La notation musicale dans le papyrus P. CtYBR inv. 4510 : relecture et nouvelles interprétations
Authors: Capron Laurent
Published: May 2023

After a new reading of P.CtYBR inv. 4510, combined with a musical analysis, it is possible to detect the presence of three musical pieces, written respectively in diatonic scales of hypo-iastian, iastian and hyper-iastian. These three melodies are notably different in their composition. The first one shows a large variety of rhythmical figures, uses chromatic degrees and metaboles, when the two others seem to be written in a soberer way. In particular, the hypothesis of a new scale, created by the componer for this first piece only, is proposed here.
Audio–Visual Cross-Modal Correspondences of Perceived Urgency: Examination through a Speeded Discrimination Task
Authors: Naka Kiichi , Yamauchi Katsuya
Published: May 2023

When presenting information in vehicle cockpits, it is essential to convey an appropriate urgency to the drivers. Perceived urgency has been investigated over the years for each modality, particularly audition and vision. However, the interaction between the modalities of perceived urgency has rarely been examined. To expand the insight into the design application of information presentation, we investigated the audio–visual interaction of perceived urgency using a priming task that involved speeded visual-target discrimination. A total of 60 auditory stimuli were created using a synthesizer. In addition, 13 color squares were used as visual stimuli. Three auditory stimuli with high, medium, and low perceived urgency, and two visual stimuli with high and low perceived urgency were selected based on a subjective evaluation test using a seven-point scale. A priming task was conducted to examine the cross-modal interaction of perceived urgency. Auditory stimuli were presented as prime stimuli, and the participants were asked to discriminate the visual target as quickly as possible. The results revealed that auditory stimuli with high and low perceived urgency facilitated responses to each visual stimulus with similar perceived urgency relative to each visual stimulus with different perceived urgency. The auditory stimulus with medium perceived urgency also facilitated responses to the visual stimulus with high perceived urgency relative to low. The present study shows that cross-modal correspondences can be observed when the stimuli are selected based on their subjective perceived urgency.
Constructing a Saint’s Life between Rome and the Provinces: Jesuit Hagiographical Literature on Peter Canisius
Authors: Friedrich Markus
Published: May 2023

There is general agreement about the Jesuits’ alertness to media, their crucial role in early modern printing, and their engagement in promoting the sanctity of some of their members through print publication. Despite several efforts to establish central control, most of the Society’s media production remained decentralized. Moreover, there was no pre-conceived publication strategy of hagiographical activities. As a result, the production of hagiographies often sprung up locally and with little initial awareness of each other. Hence, it was nearly unavoidable that projects overlapped and that competition between them arose. Examining two early hagiographic accounts of the life of Peter Canisius, the article sheds light on the Jesuits’ production and publication of hagiographical literature by linking the publication history of both projects to an investigation of the underlying manuscripts. As the paper demonstrates, early modern Jesuit print and manuscript culture cannot be separated.
Jesuits and Astrology: Print versus Manuscript
Authors: Campos Ribeiro Luís
Published: May 2023

Astrology played an important part in early modern European culture, as a fundamental part of both mathematical and astronomical traditions. During the same period, the Society of Jesus built their global educational enterprise, which included a proven expertise in mathematical and astronomical study. Although insufficiently acknowledged in Jesuit historiography, astrology formed an important part of this scientific project. Several Jesuit authors engaged in the study, teaching, and practice of astrology. From the mathematics curriculum of the Roman College to the Jesuit astrology classes in Portugal and Spain, the present article discusses astrology’s presence in early modern Jesuit publications. It examines the discussion of astrology in the Society’s scientific works, highlights the sharp contrast between the printed word and the manuscript tradition, and demonstrates how the latter provides a better guide to the role of astrology as part of Jesuit science.
Circumscription of the grammitid fern genus Oreogrammitis (Polypodiaceae) with the description of three new genera: Calligrammitis, Devolia, and Glabrigrammitis
Authors: YANG JIAN-JUN , PARRIS BARBARA , KNAPP RALF , SUNDUE MICHAEL , ZHANG LI-BING , ZHOU XIN-MAO
Published: May 2023

Following a recent phylogenetic study, we here review the circumscription of the grammitid fern genus Oreogrammitis (Polypodiaceae: Grammitidoideae). We propose three new genera Calligrammitis, Devolia, and Glabrigrammitis, to accommodate the three clades resolved outside of the core Oreogrammitis. The taxonomic treatment is presented, and the morphology of each new genus is shown with a color plate.
Bioinformatics Screening for Targeted Gene Expression Design of Long Noncoding RNA in Glioma Cancer
Authors: Zhao Ji-Bo , Sun Yao , Dong Fa-Hui , Fang Yan-Yu , Ji Fang-Chao , Liu Hong-Bin , Zhang Jian , Rong Wei
Published: May 2023

The primary objective of our research was to examine the influence of the long non-coding RNA UNC5B-AS1 (lncRNA UNC5B-AS1) on the advancement of glioma. We assessed the expression of lncRNA UNC5B-AS1 using bioinformatic analysis, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
(qRT-PCR), and in vivo experimental verification. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that elevated expression of lncRNA UNC5B-AS1 was indicative of unfavourable prognosis in gliomas. Furthermore, a noteworthy association was observed between lncRNA UNC5B-AS1 and the transforming growth
factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway in gliomas. Further analysis of clinical specimens and cell lines validated a substantial upregulation of lncRNA UNC5B-AS1 in gliomas in comparison to normal tissues. in vivo and in vitro experimentation supported the notion that disrupting
the expression of lncRNA UNC5B-AS1 could impede the proliferation of glioma and facilitate apoptosis. Further studies have shown that lncRNA UNC5B-AS1 aggravated tumor progression by promoting the expression of TGF-β in gliomas. The selective dual inhibitor of TGF-β
receptor type I/II (TβRI/II), LY2109761, significantly inhibited the tumor growth induced by the upregulation of TGF-β mediated by lncRNA UNC5B-AS1.
From Political Unknown to an Unwanted Incumbent: Comparing Media Coverage of the 2020 and 2016 U.S. Presidential Election Within Nondemocratic Media
Authors: Hinck Robert
Published: May 2023

In a time of declining support for democracy and intensifying rivalry between democracies and autocracies, understanding how nondemocratic nations portray U.S. elections is vital. And yet, despite the enormous attention U.S. presidential elections attract around the world, the manner in which international media makes sense of U.S. campaigns remains unclear, with only a limited number of comparative studies conducted and even fewer looking at non-Western, nondemocratic nations. Furthermore, current comparative frameworks remain biased toward Western conceptualizations of media and their role in democratic countries, with nondemocratic or transitional democracies used to support theoretical models developed elsewhere. Thus, this study offers strategic media narratives as an alternative means to understand transnational similarities and differences in election reporting emerging from four non-Western, nondemocratic nations by comparing their coverage of the 2020 and 2016 U.S. presidential campaigns. Results show substantial shifts in the nature of coverage, albeit with some similarities between campaigns. Trump remained negatively discussed in both elections, but with reporting in 2020 associating his leadership character to his policies. Whereas Clinton was negatively covered in 2016, Biden was neutrally discussed in 2020 with focus on his character and policies drawn in contrast to Trump. Both political parties were negatively covered, with Chinese, Russian, and Iranian narratives associating Republicans and Democrats as pursing confrontational relations with each nation. Most importantly, discussions of U.S. democracy were substantially more frequent and negative in 2020 compared to 2016. Taken together, the study contributes theoretically and empirically to the study of comparative election research by theorizing the role of narratives in international campaign coverage, addressing the gap in research into nondemocratic media reporting of international elections, and provides one of the few cross-time comparisons enabling insight into the drivers of how and why coverage of U.S. elections change.
Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes, Costs, and Readmission Between Total and Subtotal Cholecystectomy
Authors: Chervu Nikhil L. , Vadlakonda Amulya , Ascandar Nameer , Kronen Elsa , Bakhtiyar Syed Shahyan , Cho Nam Yong , Benharash Peyman
Published: May 2023

Background

An increasing body of literature supports subtotal cholecystectomy (STC) in the management of patients with difficult gallbladder anatomy; however, large-scale studies examining outcomes of total cholecystectomy and STC are lacking.

Methods

All adults undergoing total cholecystectomy or STC were tabulated from the 2016-2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Entropy balancing was performed to adjust for patient differences based on extent of resection. Subsequent multivariable regression models were used to assess the association of STC with major adverse events, postoperative length of stay (pLOS), hospitalization costs, and 30-day non-elective readmission rates.

Results

Of an estimated 854 357 patients, 7089 (.8%) underwent STC. Compared to total, STC patients were significantly older, less commonly female, and had a higher Elixhauser Index (all P < .001). Both cohorts had similar rates of postoperative ERCP (1.7% vs 1.5%, P = .33); however, the STC cohort had significantly higher utilization of subsequent drainage procedures (1.8% vs .5%, P < .001). After entropy balancing and multivariable risk-adjustment, STC was not associated with greater odds of MAE (AOR 1.11, 95% CI .99-1.23, P = .06). Notably, relative to total, STC was associated with longer pLOS ( β .14, 95% CI .11-.17, P < .001) and greater hospitalization costs (β + $1,900, 95% CI 1300-2,500, P < .001). However, the extent of resection was not associated with the likelihood of 30-day non-elective readmission (AOR 1.01, 95% CI .91-1.13, P = .86).

Discussion

Our findings suggest that STC is a viable, yet resource intensive, option in the management of complex cholecystitis.
Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density and Response to Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Gencer Elif Sarionder , Yilmaz Ezgi , Arsava Ethem Murat , Gocmen Rahsan , Topcuoglu Mehmet Akif
Published: May 2023

The importance of Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density (CAPATd), a parameter that can be readily evaluated on emergency computed tomographic angiography (CTA), in acute stroke has not been adequately clarified. We created exploratory logistic regression models to detect the interaction between the effect of CAPATd and intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in 174 patients (mean age 71 ± 14 years, 94 women) with acute ischemic stroke treated with IV-tPA alone. The CAPATd-average mean (−60.6 ± 18.7 vs −89.8 ± 25.3 Hounsfield units (HU), P = .002) and CAPATd-maximum (14.8 ± 68.9 vs −20.5 ± 39.8 HU, P = .020) values were higher on the ipsilateral side of carotid artery stenosis >60%. CAPATd-maximum ipsilateral emerged as an independent predictor for both modified Rankin’s Score 0–2 (52%) [exp(β) = .984] and mRS 0–1 outcome (32%) [exp(β) = .828] in addition to admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, age and carotid plaque burden. CAPATd-maximum ipsilateral was acceptably accurate (Area under the Receiver operating characteristic Curve was .607, P = .0109 for mRS 0–2 and .613, P = .0102 for mRS 0–1). Ipsilateral CAPATd ≥ −25 HU predicted both mRS >3 and mRS >2 with usable sensitivity (59.8% and 66.07%) and specificity (63.6% and 59.68%). In conclusion, higher maximum CAPATd measured on emergency CTA indicates poorer functional prognosis in acute stroke patients treated with IV-tPA.
Surveying the Landscape of Labor Market Threat Perceptions from Migration: Evidence from Attitudes toward Sub-Saharan African Migrants in Morocco
Authors: Buehler Matt , Fabbe Kristin E. , Kyrkopoulou Eleni
Published: May 2023

Morocco, once primarily known as a country of emigration and transit to Europe, has become a destination country for migrants, the majority of whom are from sub-Saharan Africa. Using an original nationally representative survey of 2,700 respondents, together with data from two census waves and one migrant regularization wave, the authors examine Moroccan citizens’ labor market threat perceptions from this new migrant group. Consistent with findings from studies conducted in developed countries, less educated, poorer respondents express higher labor market threat perceptions. The authors also find evidence, however, that city dwellers and employed female Moroccans are the most likely to report threat perceptions, even after controlling for greater “exposure” to migrants. The article contributes to literatures on migration exposure and how rural–urban dynamics shape labor market threat perceptions in a developing country.
A Scoping Review of Black American Beauty Studies From 1995 to 2022
Authors: Reed Jaleesa , Miller Christian J.
Published: May 2023

Existing reviews focus on issues affecting Black Americans or beauty standards, respectively. In comparison, this scoping review identifies studies that address both topics. The 39 selected publications revealed that hair, beauty standards, and body image were the most studied areas within Black American beauty. Studies were synthesized into three themes: (a) relationship to Eurocentric beauty standards, (b) community influence, and (c) intersectional approaches. While Black American beauty standards exist, Black women’s relationship to their intracultural beauty standard is fluid and dependent on multiple factors. The search criteria differentiated the types of methods included in the review but also reduced the number of empirical studies included. Future research should focus on the relationship between beauty rituals, Black American beauty ideals, and their relationship to skincare, haircare, or cosmetics.
Extraction and characterization of a novel tropical fibre Megaphrynium macrostachyum as a biosourced reinforcement for gypsum-based biocomposites
Authors: Betené Achille D Omgba , Batoum Claude S , Ndoumou Belinga Remy L , Betené Ebanda Fabien , Tamba Jean G , Atangana Atéba , Moukené Roger , Tcheudjo Gilbert K , Nyembè André
Published: May 2023

Identifying the potential of new bast fibres is a solution for diversifying biobased reinforcements and replacing environmentally harmful synthetic fibres. In this study, fibres were extracted from Megaphrynium macrostachyum stems by biological and chemical retting. The chemical fibres were bleached with a 2.5wt% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution. The biological, chemical and bleached fibres were analysed from a chemical, morphological, physical, mechanical and thermal point of view. The possibility of using these fibres as reinforcement in gypsum-based biocomposites for construction was analysed by three-point bending tests. Chemical analysis revealed a cellulose content of more than 56 wt% within the usual range (50-85 wt%) for reinforcing fibres. SEM images showed that bleaching cleans the surface of the fibres. Physical analysis by gravimetric analysis showed that the bleached fibre had the lowest density (1.01 g.cm−3), fineness (5.2tex) and water absorption (64wt%). In addition, the highest thermal stability (237°C) was obtained for the chemical fibre. Young’s modulus and tensile strength, evaluated according to ASTM D3822-07, were dispersed and depended on the fibre diameter, and the highest values were obtained for the chemical fibre (6.4 GPa and 251 MPa). In contrast, gypsum composites with a volume fraction of 1.5% bleached chemical fibre had the highest stiffness (258 MPa) and flexural strength (5 MPa). The results obtained for each fibre type are relatively close to those of other fibres in the literature, indicating that all three fibre types studied can be used as alternative raw materials for the manufacture of gypsum-based biocomposites.
Mindfulness Practice in Recovery From Bipolar Disorder: Qualitative Study Results and Humanistic Implications
Authors: Strong Sasha D.
Published: May 2023

Psychosocial treatments for bipolar disorder (BD) enhance outcomes. However, more than half of those who receive psychosocial treatment experience residual depression. Mindfulness practice demonstrates benefits for numerous psychological problems, but little research has examined mindfulness-based interventions developed specifically for BD. A qualitative study was conducted to inform a new mindfulness-based treatment approach for BD and report the effects of mindfulness practice. In 2018 and 2019, nine adults were interviewed about their experiences recovering from BD. All respondents used Buddhist-informed mindfulness practice in their recoveries. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and four top-level themes emerged: building the capacity for health, emotional regulation, shifts in experiential perspective, and adverse experiences. There were also several sub-themes, including cultivating resilience, emotional self-awareness, emotional freedom and reduced reactivity, and cognitive clarity. These findings suggest that mindfulness practice may have unique contributions to make in recovery in BD. Mindfulness and Buddhist frameworks appeared to help participants make new, more helpful meanings about BD. These findings align with humanistic and transpersonal values. A future approach informed by these results could address whole-person concerns in recovery. Such an approach could promote recovery and help individuals work with the experience of BD.
Difficult texts: using dishonesty to enter heaven in Luke 16.9
Authors: James Rob
Published: May 2023

In Luke 16.9, Jesus instructs his followers to make use of ‘dishonest’ or ‘unrighteous’ wealth. The problem for biblical interpreters is that Jesus appears to order his followers to be unrighteous in this regard. However, this is to misunderstand what Luke is doing with the word ‘unrighteous’. He does not use this word to qualify some particular wealth, but to emphasize that all wealth is unrighteous and therefore needs to be spent wisely and quicky to do good in the world. Holding onto it is bad for the soul.
Lessons From the Frontlines of the Overdose Crisis: Exploring the Impact of Harm Reduction Policies on the Roles and Responsibilities of First Responders
Authors: Witkowski Kaila
Published: May 2023

First responders, including police officers and firefighters, take on the occupational role of responding to community needs during emergencies. While it is acknowledged that their emergency role may change and adapt during large-scale crisis events, this is assumed to be a temporary change that will eventually result in a return to traditional occupational responsibilities. This may be different for public health emergencies, like the overdose crisis, that require a long-term and dynamic response. Moreover, recent policy shifts toward harm reduction policies over prosecution-focused policies may inadvertently change the traditional roles of first responders. Using 30 qualitative interviews with police officers and firefighters in Florida, this study examines how harm reduction policies can influence the occupational roles and responsibilities of first responders and reveals how agencies can mitigate the potential burdens associated with implementing these policy responses. This study found that first responder roles were generally expanding to meet growing community needs which included responding to overdoses. The overdose crisis placed additional burdens on first responders (especially police officers) but shared responsibilities between first response agencies and organizational service expansion could mitigate this burden.
If You’ll Be My Bodyguard: Presidential Guard Units and Leader Capture During Coups d’état
Authors: Matthews Austin S.
Published: May 2023

Coup “handbooks” emphasize the capture the incumbent leader as a key objective for plotters to enact successful regime change. However, the literature has yet to empirically assess this relationship. We also lack a robust understanding of how leaders prevent their own capture during coups d’état. Using novel data on leader statuses during coups from 1950 to 2017, I find evidence that incumbent leader capture has a positive and significant relationship with the likelihood of coup success. The findings also suggest that leader capture will be less likely if the regime pre-emptively creates a counterweight presidential guard unit, responsible for providing proximate security for the core leadership. These data and findings provide new insights into the dynamics of in-progress coups, focusing on the operational strategies employed by both sides. It also demonstrates the diversity of independent effects that specific types of counterweight forces have on specific coup outcomes, encouraging further study in this area.
How “Neighborhood” Arose, Changed, and Grew: A Bilingual Canadian Story
Authors: Harris Richard
Published: May 2023

“Neighborhood” is routinely used when referring to the history of residential areas in North American cities. In fact, it is unclear whether this has always been the preferred term, and how its meaning has changed. A survey of the English- and French-Canadian experience, including a case study of Toronto using digital newspaper files, indicates that in the early twentieth century other terms were common. “Neighborhood” referred primarily to poorer, immigrant districts. Especially since the 1960s, it has been much more commonly used and in a general sense. In that regard, its evolving meaning has converged with the francophone usage of quartier. It is only recently that local associations have dropped “ratepayer” from their names in favor of “residents” or, to a lesser extent, “neighborhood.” This now disguises the fact that such associations are dominated by property owners. Getting the language right is important for a clear-eyed understanding of both the past and the present.
Socioeconomic inequalities of Long COVID: a retrospective population-based cohort study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Shabnam Sharmin , Razieh Cameron , Dambha-Miller Hajira , Yates Tom , Gillies Clare , Chudasama Yogini V , Pareek Manish , Banerjee Amitava , Kawachi Ichiro , Lacey Ben , Morris Eva JA , White Martin , Zaccardi Francesco , Khunti Kamlesh , Islam Nazrul
Published: May 2023

Objectives

To estimate the risk of Long COVID by socioeconomic deprivation and to further examine the inequality by sex and occupation.

Design

We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study using data from the ONS COVID-19 Infection Survey between 26 April 2020 and 31 January 2022. This is the largest nationally representative survey of COVID-19 in the UK with longitudinal data on occupation, COVID-19 exposure and Long COVID.

Setting

Community-based survey in the UK.

Participants

A total of 201,799 participants aged 16 to 64 years and with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Main outcome measures

The risk of Long COVID at least 4 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection by index of multiple deprivation (IMD) and the modifying effects of socioeconomic deprivation by sex and occupation.

Results

Nearly 10% ( n = 19,315) of participants reported having Long COVID. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for a range of variables (demographic, co-morbidity and time), showed that participants in the most deprived decile had a higher risk of Long COVID (11.4% vs. 8.2%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34, 1.59) compared to the least deprived decile. Significantly higher inequalities (most vs. least deprived decile) in Long COVID existed in healthcare and patient-facing roles (aOR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.27, 2.44), in the education sector (aOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.31, 2.16) and in women (aOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.40, 1.73) than men (aOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.51).

Conclusions

This study provides insights into the heterogeneous degree of inequality in Long COVID by deprivation, sex and occupation. These findings will help inform public health policies and interventions in incorporating a social justice and health inequality lens.
Event-triggered nonfragile predictive control for networked control system with redundant channels
Authors: Zhao Hairui , Chen Dongyan , Hu Jun
Published: May 2023

This paper is concerned with the nonfragile predictive control problem for the networked control system (NCS) with input delay and network-induced time delays (NITDs). First, the transmission strategy governed by redundant channels is introduced to reduce the occurrence of data packet dropout between the sensor and the observer. Moreover, the event-triggered mechanism (ETM) is employed to save the network resources, where the maximum triggered interval is given. Subsequently, a nonfragile networked predictive control scheme (NPCS) is designed to address the input delay and the NITDs. Accordingly, the sufficient criterion ensuring mean-square exponential stability (MSES) is derived by employing the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theorem. Both the observer gain matrix (OGM) and the controller gain matrix (CGM) are gained through solving the nonlinear minimization problem with convex constraints. Finally, a simulation example is utilized to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed main results.
Mixed H∞ and passive resilient control for discrete-time systems with Round-Robin protocol and deception attacks
Authors: Lu Ji-Jing , Chang Xiao-Heng
Published: May 2023

This paper focuses on the mixed [Formula: see text] and passive resilient control problem for uncertain discrete-time networked control systems subject to time delays. The measurement output is considered to be quantized by the dynamic quantizer before transmission through an unreliable communication channel, where the deception attacks may occur randomly. To further reduce the communication burden, the Round-Robin (RR) protocol is adopted to schedule sensors in a predetermined transmission order. Meanwhile, a new performance index is developed to solve restriction of the same dimension of control output and the exogenous disturbance. The S-procedure combined with a two-step uncertainties elimination method is adopted to deal with the nonlinear product terms involving multiple uncertainties. Furthermore, a decoupling method is introduced for static output feedback controller design. Sufficient conditions of the resilient controller and the dynamic quantizer are provided, which can improve the robustness of resulting closed-loop system and guarantee its stochastic stability and the specified mixed [Formula: see text] and passivity performance index. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the feasibility of the theoretical results.
Adaptive distributed scheduling of the resources in smart grids with considering demand response
Authors: Kafash Farkhad Masoud , Akbari Foroud Asghar
Published: May 2023

Unit commitment (UC), a non-linear and non-convex problem, is one of the important problems in power system operation. Solving the UC problem centrally has problems such as security concerns. On the contrary, solving it in a fully distributed manner reduces performance speed. This paper presents a method for solving the UC problem that addresses both security concerns and speeds up performance. This paper intends to solve the UC problem by using a hybrid structure and with the help of accelerator and cyber security parameters of the power system. This problem is solved for the first time in a power system despite its non-linear nature and non-convexity. Also, the demand response (DR) issue is considered as a contributing factor in resource scheduling management. This is important because DR is an inherently distributed issue. The presented method uses a developed decentralized algorithm called the accelerated hybrid alternating direction method of multipliers (AHADMM). AHADMM is a combination of the ADMM framework and hybrid network architecture that its parameters are tuned. Then for decentralized optimization, the generalized Benders decomposition (GBD) algorithm and the AHADMM algorithm are utilized to speed up the computation and provide a framework to exploit the distributed nature of the problem. The proposed algorithm consists of two main problems, primal and master problems. The primal problem, which is solved in a distributed way, is responsible for providing a feasible solution such that an optimality cut can be generated. In contrast, the master problem is responsible for accumulating the optimality cuts and approximating the feasible region of the original non-linear problem. Regarding the improvement of the solution method, we have used the accelerator parameters and the limitation parameter of fusion centers in such a way as to guarantee the speed of calculations and the cyber security of the power system.
Consensus-based distributed formation control for coordinated battle system of manned/unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Ma Ning , Cao Yunfeng
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a consensus-based distributed formation control method is proposed for improving the coordinated battle efficiency of coordinated battle system for manned/unmanned aerial vehicles (MAV/UAVs). The method proposed is designed based on consensus protocol, which contains three parts. First, the distributed structure with limited centralized strategy for MAV/UAVs cooperative system is designed. Second, a second-order dynamic model is built up to describe the distributed formation system, which is further simplified using feedback linearization method. Third, the information exchange topology of MAV/UAV-coordinated battle system is established on the basis of graph theory and leader–follower mechanism. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed formation strategy for MAV/UAVs cooperative system is proved asymptotic convergence by constructing a reasonable Lyapunov function which guarantees the accurate formation maintenance. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. And comparative simulation results reveal that the method proposed in this paper is superior to traditional algorithms in the aspects of accuracy and stability.
Interval observer–based compensators design for linear systems with uncertain time-varying parameters
Authors: He Zhongwei
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a novel approach to design interval observer–based compensator for linear systems with uncertain parameters and measurement noises. Based on monotone system theory, existence decoupled conditions of observers gain design to guarantee cooperativity and input-to-state stability of error dynamics system are proposed in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, a compensator consisting of the observers and output feedback controller is designed within interval observer design framework. Such an observer-based compensator has a simple separation structure, which shows that interval observers and feedback controller can be simultaneously designed based on separation principle. The developed techniques on observer-based compensator design are illustrated through a practical example.
Synchronous Undetected HPV+ Cancer in a HPV− Tongue Cancer Patient
Authors: Ershadifar Soroush , Ustrell Sarah , Darrow Morgan Angus , Birkeland Andrew
Published: May 2023

We report a case of a 63-year-old male who presented with synchronous pT1N1 p16-positive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the left tonsil and pT4N0 p16-negative SCC of the left tongue.
Healthy citizens, healthy democracies? A review of the literature
Authors: Gidengil Elisabeth , Wass Hanna
Published: May 2023

A growing literature over the past 10 years on health and political behavior has established health status as an important source of political inequality. Poor health reduces psychological engagement with politics and discourages political activity. This lowers﻿ incentives for governments to respond to the needs of those experiencing ill health and thereby perpetuates health disparities. In this review article, we provide a critical synthesis of the state of knowledge on the links between different aspects of health and political behavior. We also discuss the challenges confronting this research agenda, particularly with respect to measurement, theory, and establishing causality, along with suggestions for advancing the field. With the COVID-19 pandemic casting health disparities into sharp focus, understanding the sources of health biases in the political process, as well as their implications, is an important task that can bring us closer to the ideals of inclusive democracy.