bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of joint connection rigidness of crossbar and column in a modular building
Authors:   LLC «SamaraNIPIneft», Shirokov V. S. , Gordeeva T. E. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: February 2021

The paper considers the joint connection rigidness in a modular building. The joint connection of columns and crossbars with a cross section in the form of square pipes are investigated. The study was carried out by the component finite element method using the IDEA StatiCA software package, the classification of joint connections was adopted according to Eurocode 3. The authors consider two types of joint connections, namely, the ones with an angle stiffener and the ones without an angle stiffener. In the course of research, there were obtained the values of the rotational rigidity of joint connections for various parameters. The boundary characteristics at which joint connections should be considered rigid have been established.
Free oscillations of steel beams prestressed by wall stretching
Authors:   Pacific National University, Kravchuk V. A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the study results of the impact of steel beam prestressing by wall stretching on changes in the circular frequency, frequency, period, and number of oscillations per minute for free oscillation, and for oscillation taking into account the resistance forces. The forced oscillations of the beam under impulse loading are investigated. There has been carried out a comparative analysis of the dynamic parameters of prestressed beams and conventional beams of equal cross-section with the same load-bearing capacity parameters. The analysis results of the influence of resistance forces on the oscillation process in prestressed beams and conventional beams are submitted. There has been established the time of oscillations damping in the compared beams at free oscillation, taking into account the resistance forces.
Telaah Pemikiran Ali Mustafa Ya’qub tentang Poligami
Authors: Faizin Harel Bayu
Published: February 2021

Artikel ini membahas salah satu topik yang selalu hangat untuk diperbincangkan yaitu Poligami. Poligami merupakan suatu masalah yang masih diperdebatkan oleh banyak pihak sehingga menyebabkan timbulnya pro dan kontra terhadap tema tersebut. Tidak ketinggalan dengan Ali Mustofa Ya’qub yang merupakan salah satu pakar hadis di Indonesia yang pemikirannya banyak di jadikan rujukan dalam mengambil istinbath (penetapan) hukum. Dalam tulisan ini akan dijelaskan bagaimana metode yang dipakai oleh Ali Mustofa Ya’qub terhadap dalil hadis yang berkaitan dengan tema poligami ini. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa poligami pada dasarnya memang ada nash yang menyatakannya, tetapi bukan berati memerintahkannya dan tidak juga melarang. Poligami pernah di lakukan oleh Rasulullah Saw dengan tujuan syiar Islam bukan karena hasrat seksual, ataupun menunjukkan kekuasaan laki-laki atas perempuan. Akan tetapi perkembangan pada masa-masa berikutnya malah menjadi sebalik nya. Apabila pada praktek berikutnya, poligami memunculkan berbagai kasus poligami bukan bergantung pada keadilan laki-laki, tetapi lebih kepada kemampuan laki-laki (suami) untuk menjadikan perempuan (istri) tunduk dan pasrah atas nama otoritasnya sebagai suami dan kepala rumahtangga. Hal ini sangatlah berbeda dengan paraktek poligami yang dilakukan Nabi dengan motif dakwah dan melindungi serta memulikan wanita.
Ingkar Hadis di Indonesia dan Mayasia (Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Hadis Nazwar Syamsu dan Kassim Ahmad)
Authors: Nurfajriyani Nurfajriyani
Published: February 2021

Artikel ini ini berjudul “Ingkar Hadis di Indonesia dan Malaysia: Studi Kritis Pemikiran Hadis Nazwar Syamsu dan Kassim Ahmad”. Pemahaman penolakan terhadap hadis Nabi sebagai sumber hukum Islam setelah Al-Qur’an turut mempengaruhi pemikiran para tokoh intelektual di Indonesia seperti Nazwar Syamsu dan Kassim Ahmad di Malaysia. Penelitian ini kemudian difokuskan pada tiga persoalan berikut: pertama, bagaimana sejarah asal-usul berkembangnya Ingkar Sunnah di Indonesia dan Malaysia?; kedua, bagaimana pemikiran hadis dari tokoh-tokoh ingkar Sunnah yakni Nazwar Syamsu dan Kassim Ahmad?; ketiga, bagaimana persamaan dan perbedaan serta implikasi dari pemikiran keduanya?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang didasarkan pada studi kepustakaan (library reseach). Dalam menganalisis data yang telah terkumpul peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif, analisis, dan metode komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, pertama, Ingkar Sunnah di Indonesia telah muncul secara diam-diam pada tahun 1978. Sedangkan di Malaysia gerakan anti hadis baru muncul pada tahun 1985 yang dipelopori oleh Kassim Ahmad; Kedua pemikiran dari Nazwar dan Kassim sama-sama menolak hadis karena hadis merupakan suatu kebohongan semata bukan berasal dari Nabi SAW dan merupakan faktor kemundurannya umat Islam; Ketiga perbandingan dari pemikiran Nazwar dan Kassim terletak pada faktor keterpengaruhan mereka terhadap orientalis serta bacaan-bacaan buku dari para pengingkar hadis sebelumnya.
Management Accounting Information System and the Financial Performance of Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Onodi Benjamin Ezugwu , Ibiam Oti , Akujor Jane Chinyere
Published: February 2021

This study examined the effect of management accounting information system on the performance of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the effect of sales management system, management accounting reporting system and budgetary management system on the profitability of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted and appropriately used for this study and 100 copies of questionnaire were administered to employees from the selected consumer goods companies. Data collected were analyzed with the aid of percentages and tables while statistical tools used for testing the hypotheses were simple regression analysis and ANOVA. The findings of this study revealed that; sales management system, management accounting system and budgetary management system affect profitability of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria positively. The study concludes that accounting information system is critical to the production of quality accounting, sales and budget reports (information) on a timely basis and the communication of that information to the decision makers. The researchers recommend that organizations should strengthen their sales-force for effective revenue generation, ensure that management accounting reporting is timely and accurate for effective decision making, and budgetary control should be put in place for monitoring of activities of the business.
Celebrities and Influencers: Have They Changed the Game of Online Marketing?
Authors: Dar Tariq Mehmood , Tariq Neelofer
Published: February 2021

Online marketing is termed as marketing 2.0, mainly because the ‘2’ here indicates how much double the marketing provides. Doubling in terms of profits, customers reach, and most importantly, brand image. Thereby, the dilemma arises where most of the brands, often even after having the right quality products, fail to satisfy their customers or, in the other case, fail to grow the virtual communities of their target audience. However, the following review article entails all the information needed regarding influential marketing & celebrity endorsements. Thus, to give marketers a new hope and scope in their blank world of Online Social networks.

The paper contains an extensive literature review of 20 peer-reviewed articles published in reputable business journals. These consist of valuable details regarding the dos and perks of optimizing celebrity endorsements and influential marketing.

Moreover, proceeding to the review portion, recommendations have been incurred to further benefit the readers & provide them a fresh insight into the two dilemmas and how brands can use these marketing paradigms to win the game of online marketing.
Organizational Commitment and Civil Servants Performance: The Contribution of Intelligence, Local Wisdom and Organizational Culture
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Ramly Mansyur , Gani Achmad , Sukmawati St.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of intelligence, local wisdom, and organizational, culture on organizational commitment, to analyze the influence of potential intelligence, local wisdom and organizational culture on performance, to analyze the effect of organizational commitment on performance, and to analyze the influence of potential intelligence, local wisdom, and culture. The organization through an organizational commitment to performance. The research was carried out at the Wajo District Government with a population of 5,991 employees from 11 SKPD and set a sample of 375 people as respondents based on the Slovin formula. The questionnaire results were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model using AMOS 18 assistance. The results found that organizational culture had a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance. This indicates that the indicators of organizational culture in the form of integrity, identity, responsibility, discipline, and results in orientation are considered to be improved and enhanced in obtaining the realization of work results by employee performance achievements. The organizational culture that has a negative and insignificant effect does not mean that organizational culture is not implemented, but the meaning of the values, rules, and principles of the founders of the organization has undergone a shift to make changes towards achieving work results orientation in supporting employee performance improvement. Without ignoring other variables, namely intelligence, local wisdom, and commitment to performance.
Prediction of Fracture Pressure in Niger Delta Deep Offshore
Authors: Ajayi Kehinde E. , Amadi Azubuike H. , Ola Victor D. , Obonin Raphael E. , Achara Nnaemeka
Published: February 2021

During drilling operations, it is essential to keep the wellbore pressure within the maximum value of the fracture pressure and minimum value of the pore pressure of the formation. To handle this challenge, the fracture pressure of the formation must be known as it is significant to determining the mud window design. This study developed a correlation that could predict the formation fracture pressure in the Niger Delta deep offshore field. Two different fields were considered for this model named Field 1 and 2. From these fields, fracture pressure data were gotten from 21 wells during leak off test (LOT) at different casing shoe depths. While carrying-out the analysis of data, assumptions were made that the formations throughout the Niger Delta basin obeys the principle of horizontality. Also, that the fracture pressure at same depth is uniform with the pressure at other location in the Delta. Scatter plot was used as the tool for the data analysis. A line of best fit was drawn to arrive at the correlation. This correlation has an R2 coefficient values of 0.9969. In conclusion, the correlation gotten from this study for predicting fracture pressure has shown to align with some data sets from the Niger Delta fields with very little variation. This can be used for planning of further drilling operations in the Niger Delta to make it easier, faster and more economical.
PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI PADA INDUSTRI ASURANSI JIWA SYARIAH DAN KONVENSIONAL DENGAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)
Authors: Hasanatina Foza Hadyu , Budiantoro Risanda Alirastra , Oktavia Vicky
Published: February 2021

This study aims to anlyze and comparing the efficiency of Islamic Life Insurance and Conventional Life Insurance in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative non-parametric approach with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with the assumption of Constant Return to Scale (CRS) and Variable Return to Scale (VRS) with input and output orientation. The samples are 3 Islamic Life Insurance (full fledge) and 3 Conventional Life Insurance that comply with the specified sample criteria during 2012-2019. The input variables used ared cost of commissive, operational cost, total equity, while the output variables is the premi income, and investment revenue. The results of the study indicate that the average result of DEA analysis for the entire DMU (Decision Making Unit) has not been efficient. In Conventional Life Insurance, the value of economic efficiency by 64,82 percent, technically efficiency for72,22 percent, and scale efficiency 81,4 percent, while in Islamic Life Insurance, the value of economic efficiency by 17,26 percent, technically efficiency for 53,71 persen, and scale efficiency 47,41 percent. Source of inefficiency Conventional and Islamic Life Insurance company is the sacle of operations and management of input to output is not optimal.
Excluidos de la felicidad. La estratificación social del bienestar emocional en España. De Eduardo Bericat
Authors: García Andrade Adriana
Published: February 2021

El libro de Eduardo Bericat aborda el tema de la relación entre dinero y felicidad eliminando velos ideológicos.  El autor quiere presentar a la felicidad no como un atributo del individuo, como algo dependiente de su carácter, de su constitución genética, de su capacidad o incapacidad de ir al psicólogo. La propuesta es clara: hacer una observación sociológica de la felicidad.  Es decir, qué condiciones materiales y sociales propician estados de bienestar emocional y cuáles minimizan las probabilidades de que estos ocurran
Palma de aceite y acoplamientos marginales en la Lacandona
Authors: Cano Castellanos Ingreet Juliet
Published: February 2021

En la presente nota se reflexiona sobre datos recabados con 91 productores de palma de aceite en el sureste de la Lacandona. Primero se distinguen los horizontes teóricos para abordar la heterogeneidad cultural de la población, las relaciones capitalistas, antes y durante la acogida del monocultivo, y la incertidumbre local frente a su impacto ambiental. Además se plantean las nociones anclaje y acoplamiento para estudiar la internalización de este sistema productivo como un proceso relacional, pero también como proceso económico, cultural y político. Con base en ello, se discute la configuración cultural y política en la zona, los acoplamientos de las economías domésticas y las relaciones de poder local y regional, en tanto que son aspectos que afinan la comprensión de la posición ocupada y asignada a los campesinados en el actual impulso del capitalismo agrario.
The Value of Visual Disaster Records from Digital Archives and Films in Post-3/11 Japan
Authors: Takakura Hiroki , Boret Sebastien Penmellen
Published: February 2021

This paper explores the value of visual records from natural disasters in assisting reconstruction, including photography, single-shot videos, and documentary movies. It considers three types of visual records related to the Great East Japan Earthquake: 1) raw data, 2) edited educational videos, and 3) commercial documentary films. It also considers the nature of disaster records and their repository medium, including digital data archives, public educational websites, and commercial networks. Furthermore, the authors consider the overlaps between these categories. Raw video records certainly meet the needs of either digital archives or documentary movies. However, commercial documentary movies form a category of their own, as copyright and scripts constrain their exploitation and manipulation. In conclusion, this paper identifies the merit of each type of visual record and argues that both are necessary for the social remembering of disasters and to help reconstruct communities affected by such events. Keywords: digital archives; films; disaster
Prince Ahmose Sapair again
Authors: Pino Fernández Cristina
Published: February 2021

Some years ago, I argued in an article published in this journal that the figure being worshipped on British Museum stela BM 360 is Prince Ahmose Sapair. Claude Vandersleyen indicates serious doubts about this identification in a recent book. My aim in these few lines is to refute his arguments against the identity of Ahmose Sapair in the above mentioned stela
Irrigation basins and cultivated land under the Twelfth Dynasty
Authors:   University of London (United Kingdom)
Published: February 2021

This paper considers the extension of the irrigated land in the Nile valley. It discusses the similarity between the measurement of the riverine basin in the Sohag and Memphis area (about 10 km) and the Egyptian unit of measurement, the iteru (itrw). This could have been the basis of the ancient irrigation structure of the Nile basin. Details from the White Chapel at Karnak are presented to support this idea in relation to recorded levels of water. This set of data, according to the author, is essential in understanding the irrigation system of ancient Egypt, which had already been constructed by the Middle Kingdom and whose origins can be traced back to the early Dynasties
Artificial Neural Network (FFBP-ANN) Based Grey Relational Analysis for Modeling Dyestuff Solubility in Supercritical CO2 with Ethanol as the Co-Solvent
Authors: Srinidhi FNU
Published: February 2021

The research on dye solubility modeling in supercritical carbon dioxide is gaining prominence over the past few decades. A simple and ubiquitous model that is capable of accurately predicting the solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide would be invaluable for industrial and research applications. In this study, we present such a model for predicting dye solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide with ethanol as the co-solvent for a qualitatively diverse sample of eight dyes. A feed forward back propagation - artificial neural network model based on Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was constructed with seven input parameters for solubility prediction, the network architecture was optimized to be [7-7-1] with mean absolute error, mean square error, root mean square error and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient to be 0.026, 0.0016, 0.04 and 0.9588 respectively. Further, Pearson-product moment correlation analysis was performed to assess the relative importance of the parameters considered in the ANN model. A total of twelve prevalent semiempirical equations were also studied to analyze their efficiency in correlating to the solubility of the prepared sample. Mendez-Teja model was found to be relatively efficient with root mean square error and mean absolute error to be 0.094 and 0.0088 respectively. Furthermore, Grey relational analysis was performed and the optimum regime of temperature and pressure were identified with dye solubility as the higher the better performance characteristic. Finally, the dye specific crossover ranges were identified by analysis of isotherms and a strategy for class specific selective dye extraction using supercritical CO2 extraction process is proposed.
Mechanistic Origin of Superionic Lithium Diffusion in Anion-Disordered Li6PS5X Argyrodites
Authors: Morgan Benjamin
Published: February 2021

The rational development of fast–ion-conducting solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries requires understanding the key structural and chemical principles that give some materials their exceptional ionic conductivities. For the lithium argyrodites Li6PS5X (X = Cl,Br,I), the choice of the halide, X, strongly affects the ionic conductivity, with room-temperature ionic conductivities for X = {Cl, Br} ×103 higher than for X = I. This variation has been attributed to differing degrees of S/X anion disorder. For X = {Cl, Br} the S/X anions are substitutionally disordered, while for X = I the anion sublattice is fully ordered. To better understand the role of substitutional anion disorder in enabling fast lithium-ion transport, we have performed a first-principles molecular dynamics study of Li6PS5I and Li6PS5Cl, with varying amounts of S/X anion-site disorder. Considering the S/X substructure as a tetrahedrally close-packed lattice, we identify three partially occupied lithium sites that form a contiguous three-dimensional network of face-sharing tetrahedra. The active lithium-ion diffusion pathways within this network, however, depend on the S/X anion configuration. For anion-disordered systems, the active site–site pathways give a percolating three-dimensional diffusion network; whereas for anion-ordered systems, critical site–site pathways are inactive, giving a disconnected diffusion network with lithium motion restricted to local orbits around S positions. Analysis of the lithium substructure and dynamics in terms of the lithium coordination around each sulfur site shows a mechanistic link between substitutional anion disorder and lithium disorder, which enables fast lithium diffusion. In anion-ordered systems the Li-ions are pseudo-ordered, with preferential 6-fold coordination of sulfur sites. Long-ranged lithium diffusion disrupts this SLi6 pseudo-ordering, and is therefore disfavoured. In anion-disordered systems, a uniform 6-fold S–Li coordination is frustrated due to Li–Li Coulombic repulsion. Lithium positions become disordered, giving a range of S–Li coordination environments. Long-ranged Li diffusion is now possible with no net change in S–Li coordination numbers. This gives rise to superionic lithium transport in the anion-disordered systems, which is effected by a concerted string-like diffusion mechanism.
Amyloid β-binding Bifunctional Chelators with Favorable Lipophilicity for 64Cu PET Imaging in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wang Yujue , Huynh Truc T. , Cho Hong-Jun , Yung-Ching Wang , Rogers Buck E. , Mirica Liviu M.
Published: February 2021

Herein we report a new series of bifunctional chelators (BFCs) with high affinity for amyloid aggregates, strong binding affinity towards Cu(II) and favorable lipophilicity for potential blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. The alkyl carboxylate pendant arms offer up to three orders of magnitude higher binding affinity towards Cu(II) vs. the parent chelating fragment, and can generate fairly stable Cu complexes, including 64Cu-radiolabeled compounds. Among the five compounds tested, the 64Cu-YW-7 and 64Cu-YW-10 complexes exhibit strong and specific staining of amyloid plaques in ex vivo autoradiography studies. Importantly, these compounds have promising partition coefficient (Log D) values of 0.91-1.26 and show moderate brain uptake in biodistribution studies using CD-1 mice. Overall, these BFCs could serve as lead compounds for the development of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents for AD diagnosis.
High-Capacity Reversible Lithium Storage in Defined Microporous Carbon Framework for All Solid-State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Bloi Luise , Hippauf Felix , Boenke Tom , Rauche Marcus , Paasch Silvia , Schutjajew Konstantin , Pampel Jonas , Schwotzer Friedrich , Dörfler Susanne , Althues Holger , Oschatz Martin , Brunner Eike , Kaskel Stefan
Published: February 2021

For decades graphite has been used as the anode material of choice for lithium batteries since porous carbons were believed to be inappropriate because of their high potential slope during lithiation as well as capacity losses due to intense formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). However, in this work we demonstrate a microporous carbide-derived carbon material (HCmicro) to provide a high-capacity anode framework for lithium storage in all solid-state batteries. Half-cell measurements of HCmicro exhibit exceptionally high and reversible lithiation capacities of 1000 mAh g-1carbon utilizing an extremely long voltage plateau near 0 V vs. Li/Li+. The defined microporosity of the HCmicro combined well with the argyrodite-type electrolyte (Li6PS5Cl) suppressing extensive SEI formation to deliver high coulombic efficiencies. Preliminary full-cell measurements vs. NMC-cathodes (LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2) obtained a considerably improved average potential of 3.76 V leading to a projected energy density as high as 443 Wh kg-1. 7Li Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy was combined with ex-situ Small Angle X-ray Scattering and further electrochemical investigations to elucidate the storage mechanism of lithium inside the carbon matrix revealing the formation of extended quasi-metallic lithium clusters.
Insights into the Mechanism and Catalysis of Peptide Thioester Synthesis by Alkylselenols Provide a New Tool for Chemical Protein Synthesis
Authors: kerdraon Florent , Bogard Gemma , Snella Benoît , Drobecq Hervé , Pichavant Muriel , Agouridas Vangelis , Melnyk Oleg
Published: February 2021

While thiol-based catalysts are widely employed for chemical protein synthesis relying on peptide thioester chemistry, this is less true for selenol-based catalysts whose development is in its infancy. In this study, we compared different selenols derived from the selenocysteamine scaffold for their capacity to promote thiol-thioester exchanges in water at mildly acidic pH and the production of peptide thioesters from bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amido (SEA) peptides. The usefulness of a selected selenol compound is illustrated by the total synthesis of a biologically active human chemotactic protein, which plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity
Use of Arts-based Research to Uncover Racism
Authors: Fonseka Trehani M. , Taiwo Akin , Sethi Bharati
Published: February 2021

The article provides an overview of arts-based research (ABR) within social work and general healthcare practice in Canada, and how it can be used to uncover racism within vulnerable populations, particularly youth, women, immigrants and refugees, the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex  (LGBTQI) community, and Indigenous peoples. This is a general review of the literature. A literature search was conducted using the University of Western Ontario’s Summons database, with coverage from January 2000 to February 2019. Data exploring participant experiences, personal identity, voice, and invisible powers were extracted, and analyzed using a critical race lens to examine the intersection of societal and cultural practice with race and power.Results indicate that ABR can support therapeutic recovery from oppression by enhancing self-expression of feelings and thoughts, and affording participants the agency to reclaim and reframe their personal narrative. ABR can further generate a sense of community by creating connections between participants with similar oppressions to overcome disconnection and marginalization. Within a broader community context, ABR permits the sharing of stories and insights with others, which can generate dialogue on important social issues to expose areas of social inequity and oppression alongside potential solutions for transformative social action. This dialogue can also extend to discussions with policy makers on the impact of social inequities to guide recommendations that address system gaps for broader community-level change. The paper concludes that ABR can move beyond merely reflecting on social conditions toward actively addressing them by promoting sustainable social change. The voices expressed through ABR illustrate possible solutions to overcome racism through inclusive social practice, deconstruction of the racial status quo, and movement toward an equitable distribution of power.
Social (In)justice and Rental Housing Discrimination in Urban Canada: The Case of Ethno-racial Minorities in the Herongate Community in Ottawa
Authors: Mensah Joseph , Tucker-Simmons Daniel
Published: February 2021

In 2015, the predominantly visible minority immigrant community of Herongate, in Ottawa, Ontario, was slated for redevelopment by its landlord, Timbercreek Asset Management. This redevelopment involved mass eviction of the incumbent tenants, demolition of the existing affordable housing and its replacement with luxury rentals, which, by all indications, are beyond the financial reach of the former Herongage tenants. This paper seeks to problematize large-scale residential real estate redevelopment in Canada and examine its impact, using the Herongate situation as a case study. Among other things, it profiles the Herongate community, its history and present redevelopment, and explores the legal framework, and the limits thereof, constraining mass evictions of this type in Ontario. The findings indicate that the selection of Herongate for redevelopment was not fortuitous; generally, racialized and immigrant communities like Herongate are disproportionately likely to be selected for large-scale redevelopment projects, and thus subjected to mass-evictions. Further results suggest that the dissolution of the Herongate community – and the attendant dislocation of its members – has exacted a pronounced social and economic toll and compounded the racial discrimination already experienced by the former Herongate residents, most of whom are visible minorities. The paper concludes with an appeal to imbue the redevelopment process with a greater regard for social justice, and a right to housing as a policy solution to address the injustice caused by real estate redevelopment.
Constructing Another World: Solidarity and the Right to Water
Authors: Schroering Caitlin
Published: February 2021

Globally, one in eight people lacks access to potable water; more people die from unsafe drinking water than from all forms of violence, including war. A substantial body of research documents that the privatization of water – led by global financial institutions working in collusion with governments and corporations – does not lead to more people gaining access to safe water. In fact, the opposite is true:  privatization leads to both higher cost and lower quality water. For the past century, the dominant focus of transnational organizing has been “from the West to the rest,” and the frequent attention to movements in the global North has led to the neglect of transnational linkages between movements. Drawing on fieldwork conducted on three right to water movements that span three continents (North America, South America, and Africa), this paper examines effortsto reclaim the water commons,and how struggles have been driven by grassroots movements demanding that democracy, transparency, and the human right to water are prioritized over corporate profit. As feminist scholars have pointed out, the “standpoint” offered by marginalized actors offers important insights into the operation of systems of power and the strategies of survival and resistance that less powerful actors adopt in order to survive and thrive. This paper explores how transnational movements around water and other basic rights engage with and learn from each other.
SHADOW LABOR MARKET IN RUSSIA
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Matyushova Ellina
Published: February 2021

The chapter provides information on the essence of employment in the shadow sector of the Russian economy, on the threats of the shadow labor market, the reasons for its occurrence and correlation with the real sector of the country's economy.
RISK-BASED AUDIT
Authors: Izvarina Nataliya , Filev Dmitriy , Tepegendjiyan Anguelina
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the features of building an internal audit system for the economic security of an enterprise. Special emphasis is placed on a risk-based approach to internal audit. A flowchart of the risk-based approach is proposed in which its main advantages are written. Ways to solve emerging problems in the field of internal audit are also suggested.
ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE BUSINESS ENTITY
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Storozhenko yuliana
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the issues of ensuring the economic security of an economic entity (enterprise, organization, etc.). Namely, the main threats to the security of the enterprise are considered, the main ways of organizing the security of an economic entity are analyzed.
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN ECONOMIC ENTITY
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Talanina Veronika
Published: February 2021

This article examines certain areas that ensure the economic security of business entities, the most relevant in modern economic conditions. It also reveals the main directions of state policy to create conditions for business entities in order to safely conduct their business.
ECONOMIC FRAUD AS A THREAT TO ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Bokova Amina
Published: February 2021

The article presents the author's view on economic fraud, considers the main causes of their occurrence, and studies their types. Economic fraud is considered as a significant threat to the economic security of economic entities.
RAIDING AS A THREAT TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Kryukov Rodion
Published: February 2021

The article raises the problem of raiding as one of the threats to the economic security of the enterprise. The concept of raider attacks and methods of their occurrence are revealed. The main types of raider attacks are analyzed. Strategic and tactical measures to protect enterprises from raiding are highlighted.
FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE COMPANY
Authors: Mezentseva Yuliya , Bidgiev Zamir
Published: February 2021

the article is devoted to the consideration of the company's financial security as a key functional component of its economic security as a whole. The content and main approaches to assessing the financial security of an economic entity are described, and its impact on the economic security of the organization is considered.
INFORMATION SECURITY AS A COMPONENT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Tetunashvili Elena
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the study of information security as an integral part of the economic security of any modern enterprise. Threats are described that can lead to disclosure of confidential information, leakage of confidential information, unauthorized access to protected information, etc. Means and ways of countering the presented threats are also given
Staffing the economic security of entrepreneurship
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Ogandzhanyan Diana
Published: February 2021

The article examines the place and role of personnel security in the system of ensuring the economic security of enterprises. Threats affecting the efficiency of personnel work were identified and measures were proposed to neutralize personnel security at enterprises.
ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY DURING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT CIRCULATION SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Klimina Ksenia
Published: February 2021

The digital economy in the modern world is one of the vulnerabilities of an organization. The introduction and development of new technologies leads to the fact that there is an urgent need to change the structure of production, markets, as well as the socio-economic structure. This process is called digital transformation. For any organization, in order to successfully and progressively operate, it is necessary to increase the turnover and simplify the work being done.
PROBLEMS O F COST MAN AGEMENT IN T HE ENTERPR ISE
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Omelchenko Alexsandra , Gorodinskaya Irina
Published: February 2021

This artic le discusses t he problems o f cost man agement faced by e nterprises i n modern co nditions a nd ways to so lve them i n order to i mprove eco nomic resu lts. The go als, object ives, and met hods of cost m anagement a re presented.
OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS USING IT TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Varchenko Anna
Published: February 2021

The article provides information on methods and programs to optimize and minimize transportation costs using IT technologies.
FEATURES OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCT MARKETING
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Filev Dmitriy , Tepegendjiyan Anguelina
Published: February 2021

The article examines the features of the marketing of radical innovations. It is shown that these features are determined by the specifics of the innovation market and the features of innovative products as goods. Specific elements of marketing research and a system for promoting innovative products are presented.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Yunkina Irina
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the impact of COVID-19 coronavirus infection on the development of small and medium-sized businesses. Special attention is paid to the study of the main causes of bankruptcy of enterprises. An assessment of the decline in Russia's GDP during the beginning of the pandemic was made. The necessary measures to reduce the impact of the pandemic on business development are summarized.
Genetic Programming-Based Discriminative Feature Learning for Low-Quality Image Classification
Authors: Bi Ying , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: February 2021

Being able to learn discriminative features from low-quality images has raised much attention recently due to their wide applications ranging from autonomous driving to safety surveillance. However, this task is difficult due to high variations across images, such as scale, rotation, illumination, and viewpoint, and distortions in images, such as blur, low contrast, and noise. Image preprocessing could improve the quality of the images, but it often requires human intervention and domain knowledge. Genetic programming (GP) with a flexible representation can automatically perform image preprocessing and feature extraction without human intervention. Therefore, this study proposes a new evolutionary learning approach using GP (EFLGP) to learn discriminative features from images with blur, low contrast, and noise for classification. In the proposed approach, we develop a new program structure (individual representation), a new function set, and a new terminal set. With these new designs, EFLGP can detect small regions from a large input low-quality image, select image operators to process the regions or detect features from the small regions, and output a flexible number of discriminative features. A set of commonly used image preprocessing operators is employed as functions in EFLGP to allow it to search for solutions that can effectively handle low-quality image data. The performance of EFLGP is comprehensively investigated on eight datasets of varying difficulty under the original (clean), blur, low contrast, and noise scenarios, and compared with a large number of benchmark methods using handcrafted features and deep features. The experimental results show that EFLGP achieves significantly better or similar results in most comparisons. The results also reveal that EFLGP is more invariant than the benchmark methods to blur, low contrast, and noise.
Automatic Feature Extraction and Construction Using Genetic Programming for Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Peng B , Wan S , Bi Ying , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: February 2021

IEEE Feature extraction is an essential process in the intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Although existing feature extraction methods can obtain representative features from the original signal, domain knowledge and expert experience are often required. In this article, a novel diagnosis approach based on evolutionary learning, namely, automatic feature extraction and construction using genetic programming (AFECGP), is proposed to automatically generate informative and discriminative features from original vibration signals for identifying different fault types of rotating machinery. To achieve this, a new program structure, a new function set, and a new terminal set are developed in AFECGP to allow it to detect important subband signals and extract and construct informative features, automatically and simultaneously. More important, AFECGP can produce a flexible number of features for classification. Having the generated features, k-Nearest Neighbors is employed to perform fault diagnosis. The performance of the AFECGP-based fault diagnosis approach is evaluated on four fault diagnosis datasets of varying difficulty and compared with 14 baseline methods. The results show that the proposed approach achieves better fault diagnosis accuracy on all the datasets than the competitive methods and can effectively identify different fault conditions of rolling bearing, gear, and rotor.
An automated ensemble learning framework using genetic programming for image classification
Authors: Bi Ying , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: February 2021

© 2019 Association for Computing Machinery. An ensemble consists of multiple learners and can achieve a better generalisation performance than a single learner. Genetic programming (GP) has been applied to construct ensembles using different strategies such as bagging and boosting. However, no GP-based ensemble methods focus on dealing with image classification, which is a challenging task in computer vision and machine learning. This paper proposes an automated ensemble learning framework using GP (EGP) for image classification. The new method integrates feature learning, classification function selection, classifier training, and combination into a single program tree. To achieve this, a novel program structure, a new function set and a new terminal set are developed in EGP. The performance of EGP is examined on nine different image classification data sets of varying difficulty and compared with a large number of commonly used methods including recently published methods. The results demonstrate that EGP achieves better performance than most competitive methods. Further analysis reveals that EGP evolves good ensembles simultaneously balancing diversity and accuracy. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first work using GP to automatically generate ensembles for image classification.
Memory Performance Influences Male Reproductive Success in a Wild Bird
Authors: Shaw Rachael , MacKinlay Regan , Clayton NS , Burns Kevin
Published: February 2021

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Despite decades of comparative research, how selection shapes the evolution of cognitive traits remains poorly understood [1–3]. Several lines of evidence suggest that natural selection acts on spatial memory in food-caching species [3–6]. However, a link between reproductive fitness and spatial memory ability has yet to be demonstrated in any caching species [1, 3, 6]. Here, we show that memory performance influences reproductive success differentially for males and females in a caching songbird, the New Zealand robin (Petroica longipes). Males’ memory performance in a spatial task during winter influenced their subsequent breeding success; individuals with more accurate performance produced more fledglings and independent offspring per nesting attempt. Males with superior memory performance also provided an increased proportion of large prey items to chicks in the nest and spent less time flying while foraging and provisioning. No such effects were found for females. Previous research reveals that trade-offs may constrain selection and act to maintain variation in cognitive traits [7]. The gender dimorphism in the reproductive benefits of robin memory performance suggests an additional role for divergent selection between the sexes in constraining runaway selection on male memory ability [8], ultimately maintaining variation in this cognitive trait. Shaw et al. investigate whether spatial memory performance influences reproductive success in a food-caching bird, the New Zealand robin. The sexes differ in the reproductive and behavioral consequences of memory performance, suggesting that divergent selection between the sexes may constrain selection and maintain cognitive variation in the wild.
Los Warao como desplazados urbanos en Venezuela y Brasil
Authors: García-Castro Alvaro Antonio
Published: February 2021

Los Warao son un grupo étnico que tiene como hábitat ancestral el delta del Orinoco, ha acudido en el pasado a los centros poblados urbanos venezolanos en situaciones desesperadas. Actualmente se han unido a la diáspora que la crisis política y socioeconómica ha generado entre la población de Venezuela y muchos de sus integrantes están abandonando el país en busca de alimentos, asistencia sanitaria y seguridad. Entre 2012 y 2020 son ya varios miles los indígenas que se han desplazado hasta Brasil, formando precarios campamentos en diversas ciudades. Este nuevo fenómeno, cuyas consecuencias son aún difíciles de predecir, está siendo estudiado en el entorno académico brasileño y varias instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, nacionales e internacionales, se han abocado a la búsqueda de soluciones.
Tuberculosis: Enfermedad endémica y desatendida entre los indígenas Warao del delta venezolano
Authors: Araujo Zaida , Tillett Aimé , H. de Waard Jacobus
Published: February 2021

Los Warao son el segundo pueblo indígena más numeroso de Venezuela. Habitan en mas de 450 comunidades en el delta del río Orinoco, en condiciones de vida caracterizadas por la carencia de saneamiento básico, falta de agua potable, escasez de alimentos y poco acceso a servicios de salud. La tuberculosis (TB) o infección activa por Mycobacterium tuberculosis es una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial, y su incidencia en Venezuela está aumentando. El objetivo del trabajo es dar a conocer los determinantes sociales y los factores de riesgo de orden genético, inmunológico, ambiental y de atención que contribuyen a que permanezca la alta prevalencia de TB entre las comunidades Warao del delta venezolano.
Notas acerca de los indígenas Warao migrantes en Brasil
Authors: Velásquez Ronny
Published: February 2021

Antropólogo venezolano nacido en Honduras. Doctor en Ciencias Sociales por la Universidad Central de Venezuela, de amplia trayectoria en la lucha por la reivindicación de los pueblos indígenas de América Meridional, profesor jubilado e investigador de la UCV donde, además, fue Jefe del Departamento de Promoción Cultural de la Escuela de Artes. Actualmente es presidente de la Fundación Internacional de Etnomusicología y Folklore (FUNIDEF).
Unmet health and social care needs and associated factors among older people aged ≥ 80 years in Izmir, Turkey
Authors: Simsek Hatice , Erkoyun Erdem , Akoz Ali , Ergor Alp , Ucku Reyhan
Published: February 2021

Background: The health and social care needs of people aged ≥ 80 years are a neglected topic. Aims: To determine the prevalence of unmet health and social care needs and associated factors in community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 80 years in Izmir District of Balçova, Turkey. Methods: There were 1075 participants aged ≥ 80 years. The dependent variables were unmet health and social care needs. Independent variables were sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. The data were collected in face-to-face interviews conducted at the homes and analysed by multiple logistic regression model. Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Invasive Research Ethics Board of Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty (2017/26-24). Results: The mean age was 84.1 (3.7) years and 61.0% were female. Healthcare needs were expressed by 88.2% of the participants and 78.9% claimed that they had social care needs. Prevalence of unmet health and social care needs was 32.5% and 46.6%, respectively. Approximately 90.0% of their needs were covered by families. Perceived low-income status was a risk factor for unmet healthcare needs, and lack of social support was a risk factor for unmet social care needs. Additionally, not receiving formal education was a protective factor in unmet social care needs. Conclusion: Public health policy should be developed to enable better access to care, especially for the oldest people, considering that nearly one third of the participants in this study had unmet healthcare needs and almost half had unmet social care needs.