bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Painless Nature and Potential Mechanisms of Asymptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Cabrera-Abad Daniela Paola , Jara-Vergara Verónica Cristina , Álvarez-Vásquez José Luis
Published: April 2024

Background

Considering the extensive innervation of the pulp tissue, asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis (AIP) or “silent pulpitis” represents a confounding clinical condition. Previous studies have attributed the painless nature of AIP to the inhibition of pulpal nociceptors by local endogenous analgesics. However, there is a lack of recent information concerning its painless nature, and paradoxically, patients with dental pain are diagnosed with AIP daily worldwide. In addition, no recent review has explored the potential AIP-related mechanisms.

Objective

This narrative review aims to explore and update the potential mechanisms involved in the painless nature of AIP to improve our current understanding of the asymptomatic character of this clinical condition.

Methods

An electronic search was performed in the PubMed and Scopus databases, using as search terms “asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis,” “dental pulp,” “endogenous opioids,” “endogenous cannabinoids,” “somatostatin,” “GABA,” “bombesin,” “cortistatin,” “galanin,” and “specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators.”

Results

Endogenous opioids, G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels, endogenous cannabinoids, γ-aminobutyric acid, and neuropeptides (i.e. somatostatin, cortistatin, galanin, and bombesin) could be involved in AIP-related analgesia. Additionally, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, such as lipoxins, resolvins, maresins, and protectins, as well as oxytocin, phoenixin, opiorphin, and adipokines, could also be involved in this clinical condition.

Conclusion

This narrative review provides updated information on the potentially involved mechanisms in AIP. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms responsible for the lack of symptoms in AIP remain to be elucidated, and further research is warranted.
Choosing the Right Adhesive: A Review of Strategies for Composite Bonding to Glass Ionomers and Calcium Silicate-based Cements
Authors: Arandi Naji Ziad
Published: April 2024

Managing deep carious lesions has become increasingly complex due to the introduction of numerous materials and techniques. This review addresses contemporary concepts regarding selecting adhesive agents at the interface between glass ionomer cements (GICs) or calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) and resin composite restoration in laminate and layered restorations. The published literature was retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus by using specific keywords “adhesive agents,” “TheraCal LC,” “Biodentine,” “Glass ionomer,” “bond strength,” “sandwich technique,” “etch-and-rinse,” “self-etch,” “universal adhesive,” and “bonding.” The list of references from each identified article was examined to find other potentially relevant articles. Results: For GICs, self-etch adhesives (SE) appear more beneficial than etch and rinse adhesives (ER). The ER, or Universal adhesive (UA) used in the self-etch mode, might be recommended if the final composite is placed in a subsequent session after Biodentine has fully set. TheraCal LC, on the other hand, tends to yield higher bond strengths when used in conjunction with ER or UA systems in SE mode. Overall, selecting adhesive agents for laminate and layered restorations depends on various factors, including the specific materials used, the desired clinical outcome, and the setting time available. While some trends suggest the superiority of certain adhesive systems, the literature remains inconclusive for specific materials. Further research is needed to establish definitive guidelines for adhesive selection in these complex clinical scenarios.
The Pulse of AI: Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and its Potential Hazards
Authors: Zaidi Syeda Farheen , Shaikh Asim , Surani Salim
Published: April 2024

In this editorial, we explore the existing utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) within the healthcare industry, examining both its scope and potential harms if implemented and relied upon on a broader scale. Collaboration among corporations, government bodies, policymakers, and medical experts is essential to address potential concerns, ensuring smooth AI integration into healthcare systems.
Intelligent Plant Leaf Disease Detection Using Generative Adversarial Networks: a Case-study of Cassava Leaves
Authors: Lokesh Gururaj Harinahalli , Chandregowda Soundarya Bidare , Vishwanath Janhavi , Ravi Vinayakumar , Ravi Pradeep , Al Mazroa Alanoud
Published: April 2024

Background

Cassava leaf disease detection is a major problem since it is very difficult to identify the disease in naked-eye observation and even experts such as agricultural scientists can fail in this task. The approach we use in this paper has the potential to overcome this problem.

Materials and Methods

In this, we propose an approach based on artificial intelligence for leaf disease detection using deep learning with generative adversarial networks (GAN). Our experimental study used a dataset including 12880 cassava leaf pictures generated using CycleGAN showing five major disease classes. In order to avoid overfitting, a GAN architecture is proposed for data augmentation using two networks, i.e., a Generator and a Discriminator. The generator is trained to generate similar data samples as the original data

Results

The proposed approach achieved an accuracy of 99.51% for the classification of healthy or unhealthy leaf images, which outperformed existing methods.

Discussion

The discriminator is trained to distinguish between the unique and generated sample records, as actual or fake. To classify cassava images into five categories of diseases, a combination of machine learning models has been trained on original and generated images. The proposed approach showed better accuracy compared to the existing methods.

Conclusion

The proposed deep learning-based method can be used as a tool for early disease diagnosis in cassava leaf disease detection and classification
Insights into Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review of Prevalence, Pathogenesis, and Psychological Consequences
Authors: Bahashwan Emad , Alshehri Mohja
Published: April 2024

Background

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition distinguished by visual non-scarring hair loss in different head and face regions. The condition affects every age group and is prevalent in all types. Alopecia areata is a disorder that arises from a malfunction of the immune prerogative of the hair follicle, which can be managed with new treatments and remission.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the psychological impacts of Alopecia, the frequency of the condition, and its impact on quality of life.

Methods

Data from relevant studies conducted between 2018 and 2023 were collected using the PRISMA criteria and the SPIDER framework. For this review, 15 studies were selected using specific keywords, such as Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Prevalence, Alopecia areata management, and Alopecia areata treatment on 8 search engines, such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and more. The papers were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Psychological factors, such as mental health, anxiety, stress and depression, were found to play a significant role in this autoimmune condition.

Results

The updated approach in this study analyzes the prevalence of Alopecia areata,its impacts on daily life, and underlying mechanisms. It emphasizes the psychological burdens and advocates for awareness, education, and support for affected individuals.

Conclusion

This systematic review advances the understanding of the prevalence of Alopecia areata and its psychological effects, with potential implications for healthcare practices and policy decisions.
The Effect of Socioeconomic Drivers on Under-five Mortality Rates: A Survey Bayesian Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Dlamini Welcome J. , Melesse Sileshi F. , Mwambi Henry G.
Published: April 2024

Background

Studies on approaches for combining information from related studies have been well-documented in the literature. However, limited research has been conducted to focus on the issue of combining parameter estimates in the context of under-five mortality.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to study the overall effect of socioeconomic factors on under-five mortality, considering the censoring problem and survey design features.

Methods

This study estimates the overall effect of risk factors on under-five mortality in four countries from the sub-Saharan African region using Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis. The data used in the study is from the previous four demographics and health surveys for a research area.

Results

The results obtained using the Bayesian Meta Cox PH model are almost similar to those using the extended Cox except for one key finding. A child from a rural area has an increased risk of dying compared to a child from an urban area. Whereas it is insignificant when using the extended Cox model.

Conclusion

The study has demonstrated drivers of child mortality using Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis.
Beyond Patient Safety Goal Towards Hospital Sustainable Risk: A Systematic Review on the Evolution of Hospital Risk Management
Authors: Sae-Lim Patipan , Na Ayudhaya Sirintata (Pongpech) Singhara
Published: April 2024

Background

Risk management is an indispensable tool in every business sector, yet the aspects of it are various given the business types. The hospital industry employs risk management as a day-to-day operation, but most of the time, risk management to them is related to only patient safety. In this study, our team hypothesized if there are any other aspects of hospital risk management from the research landscape.

Objective

In this manuscript, we study the aspects of hospital risk management from bibliometric data to explore hospital risk research trends.

Methods

We explore the hospital risk management research landscape to analyze past, present and future research trends using quantitative bibliometric analysis. Bibliometric data were extracted from the SCOPUS database since 1980. Descriptive analysis relating to research landscape performance will be explored. Additionally, co-occurrence analysis clustering by author’s keywords will be analyzed.

Results & Discussion

Our team extracted 803 documents related to hospital risk management from SCOPUS. The publications in this field are increasing from time to time with a 7.97% annual rate. The most productive country studying hospital risk management is the USA, while the most productive authors and citations focus on the studying of patient safety and clinical risk. However, analysing author keywords using co-occurrence, clustering, as well as a thematic map can gain hidden insights that there are emerging themes of other aspects of hospital risk management, which are: enterprise risk management and sustainability. However, these studies are researched marginally compared to clinical risk management.

Conclusion

Although studying hospital risk management has constantly changed for 43 years, the main focus is still clinical risk and patient safety. However, a successful hospital has the ability to enhance all stakeholders, not only from the patient’s aspect. Studying enterprise risk management and sustainability in hospitals is thus an important trend in the future.
Application of Simulation Technology in Football Training: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies
Authors: Jia Teng , Sitthiworachart Jirarat , Morris John
Published: April 2024

Background

This review aimed to cover the characteristics and functions of simulation tools applied to football training, the process and results of empirical research, the benefits of simulation tools for football training, and existing challenges.

Materials and Methods

To investigate and analyze the effect of simulation technology in football training, the PRISMA method was used to systematically review 18 relevant empirical studies published between January, 2014 and July, 2023.

Results

The study identified three types of tools for applying simulation technology to football training, including head-mounted displays, Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE), and Screen-Based Simulation. These tools have been effective in training football playing techniques (including goalkeeping, heading, etc.) as well as football tactical skills (including perception-cognitive and decision-making) and can be used as a supplement to regular training.

Conclusion

If simulation technology is to enhance football training, we suggest that it is necessary to carefully verify the validity of the tool and the long-term impact of simulation training on participants and verify that simulation actually translates to real-world games. At the same time, it is suggested that future research could explore training with mixed VR and AR to develop more realistic and effective training platforms.
Navigating the Future of Secure and Efficient Intelligent Transportation Systems using AI and Blockchain
Authors: Bijalwan Jyotsna Ghildiyal , Singh Jagendra , Ravi Vinayakumar , Bijalwan Anchit , Alahmadi Tahani Jaser , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj
Published: April 2024

Introduction/Background

This study explores the limitations of conventional encryption in real-world communications due to resource constraints. Additionally, it delves into the integration of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in autonomous cars for trajectory management within Connected And Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs).

This study unveils the resource-constrained real-world communications, conventional encryption faces challenges that hinder its feasibility. This introduction sets the stage for exploring the integration of DRL in autonomous cars and the transformative potential of Blockchain technology in ensuring secure data transfer, especially within the dynamic landscape of the transportation industry.

Materials and Methods

The research methodology involves implementing DRL techniques for autonomous car trajectory management within the context of connected and autonomous CAVs. Additionally, a detailed exploration of Blockchain technology deployment, consensus procedures, and decentralized data storage mechanisms.

Results

Results showcase the impracticality of conventional encryption in resource-constrained real-world communications. Moreover, the implementation of DRL and Blockchain technology proves effective in optimizing autonomous car subsystems, reducing training costs, and establishing secure, globally accessible government-managed transportation for enhanced data integrity and accessibility.

Discussion

The discussion delves into the implications of the study's findings, emphasizing the transformative potential of DRL in optimizing autonomous car subsystems. Furthermore, it explores the broader implications of Blockchain technology in revolutionizing secure, decentralized data transfer within the transportation industry.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study highlights the impracticality of conventional encryption in real-world communications and underscores the significant advancements facilitated by DRL in autonomous vehicle trajectory management. The integration of Blockchain technology not only ensures secure data transfer but also paves the way for a globally accessible transportation blockchain, reshaping the future landscape of the industry.
Analisis Tingkat Kenyamanan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Hutan Kota Gelora Bung Karno
Authors: Rumamby Jenni Adenia , Fajriani Sisca , Ariffin Ariffin
Published: April 2024

Kota DKI Jakarta merupakan salah satu kota yang terkenal akan kepadatan penduduk. Populasi penduduk padat mengakibatkan kebutuhan dari infrastruktur kian meningkat. Infrastruktur yang meningkat berdampak pada kurangnya Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) di kota. Tujuan pembangunan ruang terbuka hijau untuk infrastruktur hijau di wilayah perkotaan, sehingga akan meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan hidup perkotaan agar menjadi lebih nyaman dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu RTH yang berada di area perkotaan yaitu hutan kota. Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari dan menganalisis tingkat kenyamanan RTH di hutan kota GBK Jakarta. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu kuesioner dan beberapa alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu alat tulis, kamera digital, Thermohygrometer HTC-2, lux meter UNI-T UT383. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Hutan Kota Gelora Bung Karno Jakarta. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2023. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dalam area hutan kota dan di luar area hutan kota dengan parameter yang diamati yaitu suhu udara, kelembapan udara, intensitas radiasi matahari, dan vegetasi. Data hasil pengamatan akan di analisis menggunakan metode Thermal Humidity Index (THI) untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanan di hutan kota dan dilakukan uji T untuk mengetahui hasil dari perbandingan parameter di dalam hutan kota dengan di luar hutan kota. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hutan kota Gelora Bung Karno belum nyaman. Pada area dalam hutan kota memberikan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan dengan area luar hutan kota, namun area dalam hutan kota masih belum mencapai tingkat kenyamanan yang nyaman untuk standar manusia.
Uji Daya Hasil Jagung Pakan (Zea mays L.) Dari Hasil Top Cross
Authors: Mitreka Raka Fauzi , Sugiharto Arifin Noor
Published: April 2024

Jagung pakan (Zea mays L.) berperan penting sebagai bahan makanan ternak dan bahan baku industri. Selain padi, kebutuhan akan jagung sebagai alternatif kebutuhan karbohidrat semakin meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Peningkatan permintaan pasar salah satunya disebabkan oleh perkembangan industri peternakan yang pada proses produksinya memerlukan jagung sebagai campuran pakan ternak. Penggunaan varietas hibrida merupakan salah satu solusi dalam meningkatkan produksi jagung dalam negeri terutama pada jagung pakan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Desember 2022 di Kebun Percobaan Agrotechnopark (ATP) Universitas Brawijaya yang terletak di Desa Jatikerto, Kecamatan Kromengan, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan pada karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif tanaman. Analisis data kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan Program Statistik PKBT-STAT 3.1 dan dilanjut dengan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) dengan taraf 5%, serta perhitungan nilai KKG, KKF, dan nilai heritabilitas. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada setiap karakter, didapatkan bahwa setiap galur yang diuji pada pengamatan warna silk, anther, dan glume memiliki karakter dengan tingkat skor presentase keseragaman yang berbeda-beda. Berdasarkan hasil jumlah skor potensi penampilan dibandingkan dengan karakter potensi hasil dari 27 galur yang diuji, terdapat 2 galur yang memiliki potensi nilai penampilan tinggi disertai dengan nilai potensi hasil tinggi diatas rata-rata seluruh galur dan dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding Syngenta Perkasa (NK6172). Galur tersebut adalah UB14 dan UB23. Sementara itu didapatkan bahwa nilai KKG, KKF, dan Heritabilitas pada 19 karakter yang diamati termasuk dalam kategori rendah hingga tinggi.
Evaluasi dan Pengembangan Kebijakan Publik Pemerintah Kota Malang Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors:   FISIP Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia., adila Isma , Aminuddin M. Faishal , Budi Prasetya Arif
Published: April 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia telah menimbulkan kondisi krisis yang berdampak pada banyak aspek. Pemerintah Indonesia memiliki tanggung jawab dalam mewujudkan Good Governance dalam menangani pandemi Covid-19. Hal tersebut dapat diwujudkan melalui kebijakan publik yang efektif bagi masyarakat. Namun, pandemi Covid-19 tidak ditangani secara cepat dan efektif oleh pemerintah pusat. Pemerintah pusat dinilai gagap, lamban dan tidak memiliki petunjuk yang progresif untuk menangani pandemi Covid-19. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai pelaksanaan kebijakan penanganan pandemi Covid-19 oleh pemerintah daerah di tingkat daerah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berusaha menjelaskan evaluasi kebijakan publik terkait penanganan pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Malang. Melalui evaluasi tersebut, penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar penanganan pandemi oleh pemerintah Indonesia khususnya pemerintah Kota Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanganan pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Malang tidak dapat berjalan secara efektif karena kebijakan pemerintah tidak tepat sasaran, buruknya koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan, kurangnya evaluasi penanganan Covid-19 oleh dinas terkait dan karakteristik masyarakat yang heterogen. Hasil evaluasi tersebut mendorong pembentukan rekomendasi kebijakan prioritas, kebijakan transformatif dan kebijakan suplementer.
Derecho, calidad de vida laboral, acoso moral y cultura corporativa. Historia, hermenéutica y heurística
Authors: Fernández Héctor
Published: April 2024

Cabe señalar, que este artículo tiene por objeto establecer una reflexión holística sobre los institutos detallados. Ello es posible, a través de algunas vertientes históricas, doctrinales y la subordinación de los aspectos analizados en los modelos arquetípicos planetarios propuestos; en especial, el Dodecaedro del Riesgo Laboral y Ambiental “DoRLA”, los cuales se propicia su discusión y comparación con los probablemente existentes en el ámbito académico. En este entendimiento, nos encontramos con el Nuevo Paradigma de la Administración de Riesgos-Tetraedro de la Administración de Riesgos (NUPAR-TAR); la Nueva Identidad Humana-Espiritual-Solidaria en la Protección, Respeto, Equidad, Ética y Dignidad Planetaria (NIHESPREEDP); el Dodecaedro del Riesgo Laboral y Ambiental (DoRLA) y arquetípicamente el paradigma totalizador de la Constelación Humanoide Planetaria (CoHuP).
Knowledge Transfer and Networking Upon Implementation of a Transdisciplinary Digital Health Curriculum in a Unique Digital Health Training Culture: Prospective Analysis
Authors: Kröplin Juliane , Maier Leonie , Lenz Jan-Hendrik , Romeike Bernd
Published: April 2024

Background

Digital health has been taught at medical faculties for a few years. However, in general, the teaching of digital competencies in medical education and training is still underrepresented.

Objective

This study aims to analyze the objective acquisition of digital competencies through the implementation of a transdisciplinary digital health curriculum as a compulsory elective subject at a German university. The main subject areas of digital leadership and management, digital learning and didactics, digital communication, robotics, and generative artificial intelligence were developed and taught in a transdisciplinary manner over a period of 1 semester.

Methods

The participants evaluated the relevant content of the curriculum regarding the competencies already taught in advance during the study, using a Likert scale. The participants’ increase in digital competencies were examined with a pre-post test consisting of 12 questions. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired 2-tailed Student t test. A P value of <.05 was considered statistically significant. Furthermore, an analysis of the acceptance of the transdisciplinary approach as well as the application of an alternative examination method (term paper instead of a test with closed and open questions) was carried out.

Results

In the first year after the introduction of the compulsory elective subject, students of human medicine (n=15), dentistry (n=3), and medical biotechnology (n=2) participated in the curriculum. In total, 13 participants were women (7 men), and 61.1% (n=11) of the participants in human medicine and dentistry were in the preclinical study stage (clinical: n=7, 38.9%). All the aforementioned learning objectives were largely absent in all study sections (preclinical: mean 4.2; clinical: mean 4.4; P=.02). The pre-post test comparison revealed a significant increase of 106% in knowledge (P<.001) among the participants.

Conclusions

The transdisciplinary teaching of a digital health curriculum, including digital teaching methods, considers perspectives and skills from different disciplines. Our new curriculum facilitates an objective increase in knowledge regarding the complex challenges of the digital transformation of our health care system. Of the 16 student term papers arising from the course, robotics and artificial intelligence attracted the most interest, accounting for 9 of the submissions.
Navigating the Complexities of Scaling Remote Patient Management: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Houwen Julian , Pannunzio Valeria , van Os Hendrikus J. A. , Janssen Veronica R. , Raijmakers Jeroen H. M. , Rietjens Judith A. C. , Atsma Douwe E. , Kleinsmann Maaike
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Large-scale implementation of Remote Patient Management (RPM) promises to improve the overall quality of healthcare. However, innovation often remains on a small and local scale due to complex, multi-faceted challenges during the scaling process of RPM. Overcoming these challenges requires a thorough understanding of the scaling process. The current literature is heterogeneous, and, to our knowledge, there is no comprehensive overview of the multilevel complexity of the scaling process.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review examines how the current literature describes the scaling process of RPM, what theoretical frameworks are used and what factors hinder or enable this process.

METHODS

Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a literature search was conducted in the Pubmed and Embase databases. This resulted in the inclusion of 12 studies. Data extraction focused on the characteristics of included studies, terminology of the scaling process, frameworks applied, and factors influencing scaling RPM.

RESULTS

The included studies exhibited considerable heterogeneity in methodology, focus, and approach to scaling RPM. The terminology used to describe scaling processes varied, reflecting a continuum across the RPM innovation lifecycle. 7 theoretical frameworks were identified that provided mainly descriptive and evaluative insights into the levels of scaling RPM. A total of 568 factors (barriers and enablers) were identified and categorised into 12 thematic clusters.

CONCLUSIONS

Three sources of complexity in scaling RPM were identified: the process continuum in the terminology used to describe the scaling process; the management of scaling as a multi-levelled process; and the multitude of interconnected categories of factors related to the transition from pilot to scaling. Recommendations for researchers and practitioners are proposed to navigate through these complexities, including clear terminology distinction, development of multi-level process frameworks, holistic assessment of factors, and the creation of integrated overarching scaling strategies.

Scaling RPM within healthcare systems presents diverse challenges stemming from the complex nature of the process. Addressing these challenges requires more than “just” implementing in multiple contexts, it requires a strategic approach informed by robust frameworks and actionable recommendations. Future research directions should focus on leveraging knowledge from innovation management to develop effective strategies for scaling RPM in healthcare.
Themes in Abortion Forum Discussions in a Restrictive Access Context: Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Klimiuk Krzysztof Bartosz , Kot Amelia , Majcherek Ewa , Kubiak Katarzyna B , Balwicki Łukasz
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Abortion is one of the most common medical procedures worldwide. Despite this, access to abortion on demand remains restricted in many countries, including Poland. As a result, many women resort to undergoing the procedure without medical supervision, putting themselves at risk of serious health consequences such as drug poisoning, excessive bleeding, and hypovolemia. Unfortunately, some abortions also lead to severe infections.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to qualitatively identify key themes in abortion forums to analyze the issues faced by individuals. The forums were then quantitatively analyzed to determine which problems were most prevalent.

METHODS

The most popular abortion forums were identified. A preliminary thematic analysis was conducted for the qualitative phase, followed by a manual quantitative analysis. Two independent researchers reviewed forum posts, categorizing them into specific themes.

RESULTS

An analysis of 13,397 responses from 370 threads across 4 forums revealed “Abortion Process Progression” as the most discussed theme, highlighting a strong demand for information, emotional support, and medical guidance. The highest percentage of threads (162/886, 18.3%) focused on the need for mental support and the desire to have someone in contact during the abortion process. Concerns about the effectiveness of the termination also emerged as a significant topic, accounting for 83 of the 886 (9.4%) discussions. “Emotional and Psychological Aspects” and “Medical and Pharmacological Aspects” were also significant, highlighting the need for holistic care. Anxiety and fear related to the process were frequently discussed, accounting for 60 of the 886 (6.8%) responses. The issue of isolation and lack of support was also a common topic, appearing in 30 of the 886 (3.4%) threads. Notably, “Social and Ethical Perception” accounted for only 13 of the 886 (1.5%) responses and appeared in just 13 threads.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the critical need for information and support for women navigating abortion, particularly in regions where access is restricted. It emphasizes the importance of addressing the multifaceted challenges women face and calls for policy changes and strengthened support networks to improve the health and rights of women, as well as all those seeking gynecological care in abortion contexts. Further research is encouraged to refine and expand support strategies.
Vitamin D inhibits TNF-α serum level in wistar rats stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Hervina Hervina , Syahriel Dwis , Wedagama Dewa Made , Nurlitasari Dewi Farida , Nasutianto Haris , Haryani I Gusti Ayu Dewi
Published: April 2024

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues initiated by increased proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α due to the induction of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). This study aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin D (cholecalciferol) on TNF-α serum level in Wistar rats stimulated with Pg to induce periodontitis. Twenty-seven male Wistar rats (n = 27) were divided into three equal groups. Group I was healthy Wistar rats that received 2000 IU vitamin D once a day. Group II was Wistar rats stimulated with Pg and received 2000 IU vitamin D, while group III was Wistar rats stimulated with Pg but did not receive vitamin D. Blood was collected through the orbital sinus and centrifuged to get the serum. TNF-α serum levels were assessed using Elisa method on the 7th, 14th, and 28th. The data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The mean TNF-α data was analyzed for differences between groups using the one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test. Significant differences were seen in group II (418.49 ± 161.08 ng/mL) and group III (172.16 ± 104.18 ng/mL) on the 28th day (p = 0.001). The findings suggest that vitamin D inhibits the TNF-α serum level in Wistar rats stimulated with Pg on the 28th day.
Research on the Contributions of Teachers’ Intervention to Language Learner Autonomy
Authors: Sun Yawen
Published: April 2024

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REPERTORIO DE SEÑALES ACÚSTICAS EN LA RANA DE CRISTAL Hyalinobatrachium tatayoi (ANURA: CENTROLENIDAE)
Authors: Rojas Montoya Maribel , López-Aguirre Yelenny , González-Acosta Cristian , Vargas-Salinas Fernando
Published: April 2024

La comunicación acústica es la modalidad de comunicación más estudiada en anuros. No obstante, del repertorio de señales acústicas que se conoce para anuros, tradicionalmente se ha descrito el canto de anuncio, mientras que cantos de cortejo y de auxilio son menos conocidos. Dado que caracterizar las señales acústicas en anuros es útil para estudios de ecología, sistemática y evolución, y en la implementación de estrategias de manejo y conservación, en este estudio describimos tres tipos de canto en la rana de cristal Hyalinobatrachium tatayoi (Centrolenidae). Entre julio y diciembre de 2022 realizamos 21 salidas de campo nocturnas a una localidad en la vertiente occidental de la cordillera Central, en el departamento del Quindío, Colombia. Obtuvimos grabaciones de 407 cantos de anuncio emitidos por 21 machos, 230 cantos de cortejo emitidos por nueve machos, y ocho cantos de auxilio, dos emitidos por un macho y seis por una hembra. Nuestra descripción del canto de anuncio y cortejo, basada en 13 parámetros (siete espectrales, seis temporales), es la más detallada de las publicadas hasta la fecha para H. tatayoi. Además, proviene de una población que se encuentra separada de otras poblaciones para las cuales se han descrito estos cantos, por la presencia de dos cordilleras. Una comparación preliminar del canto de anuncio y de cortejo entre poblaciones de H. tatayoi permite visualizar poca variación geográfica intraespecífica en la frecuencia dominante y la duración del canto. Hasta la fecha, se conocen cuatro tipos de canto del repertorio de señales acústicas en H. tatayoi: canto de anuncio, canto de cortejo, canto de auxilio, y canto agonístico. Aunque no todos los parámetros de estos tipos de canto han sido cuantificados con el mismo nivel de detalle, H. tatayoi se convierte en una de las especies de Centrolenidae en que mejor se conoce su repertorio de señales acústicas.
Maltrato en las residencias médicas: un estudio cualitativo sobre la configuración de las identidades profesionales
Authors: Reboiras Fabiana Inés , Mur Julian Andres , Deza Rocio , Fernández Cedro María Isabel , Roni Carolina
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Las residencias médicas son programas de posgrado en servicio en las que se adquieren las competencias profesionales para ejercer una especialidad, y se conforma una identidad profesional. La medicina admite criterios de exigencia y responsabilidades mayores al considerarse una profesión de riesgo social, y reporta niveles altos de prevalencia de maltrato durante la formación. La introyección de la violencia en la experiencia formativa genera, en varios sentidos, costos altos al sistema de salud y sus integrantes.

Objetivo: Reconocer las implicancias de los entornos hostiles de aprendizaje en la conformación de identidades profesionales en programas de residencias médicas.

Método: Se realizó un diseño cualitativo de tipo descriptivo-interpretativo, con una muestra de 307 residentes de Argentina. Los datos se analizaron con base en estrategias codificadoras y contextualizadoras.

Resultados: Se distinguen cuatro posicionamientos frente a la presencia de maltrato: invisibilización, naturalización-legitimación, postura crítica y perspectiva de transformación. Estos posicionamientos reflejan aspectos identitarios de la comunidad médica que se reproducen y disputan en los contextos de aprendizaje.

Discusión: La conformación identitaria es polifacética, compleja y se encuentra influenciada por las interacciones cotidianas informales durante los procesos formativos. Se observa la emergencia de posicionamientos subjetivos novedosos que entran en tensión con los valores y las prácticas que tradicionalmente definieron a un/a “buen/a médico/a”. Los abusos de poder y las prácticas de maltrato se identifican como valores tradicionales que no representan las aspiraciones y necesidades actuales del cuerpo profesional.

Conclusiones: Se identifican tensiones en relación con la vigencia, legitimidad y reproducción de valores y prácticas tradicionales en el campo de la educación médica. Se plantea un escenario desafiante para la comunidad médica y el sistema de la salud en su conjunto, reflejado en la creciente demanda de condiciones de formación y trabajo cuidadas para todas las personas: pacientes y profesionales de la salud.
Simulación clínica como estrategia educativa para el desarrollo del razonamiento clínico en estudiantes de kinesiología
Authors: Westermeier Castillo Gabriela , Monrroy Uarac Manuel , Barría Pailaquilén Mauricio
Published: April 2024

El razonamiento clínico se describe como pilar fundamental dentro de los planes de estudio de distintas carreras de la salud y las metodologías y didácticas deben tender a un aprendizaje significativo que propenda a esta competencia. Durante y luego de la pandemia por COVID-19 hubo restricciones de acceso a entornos clínicos, lo que obligó a diseñar estrategias de enseñanza que en parte lograran suplir este déficit. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la experiencia de implementación de estrategias de simulación para el desarrollo de razonamiento clínico en contexto de pandemia en estudiantes de kinesiología de una universidad chilena. Durante dos semestres académicos consecutivos, para dos asignaturas se realizó inicialmente telesimulación clínica (semestre 1) y posteriormente, al retorno a la presencialidad, actividades en entorno de aprendizaje simulado (semestre 2). En cada semestre se desarrollaron tres escenarios de simulación. Para la preparación y contenido de los escenarios se utilizó de base la orientación de un abordaje integral involucrando a la persona en el centro del quehacer kinésico, y considerando que esta interactúa con un contexto.

Los entornos tuvieron un enfoque de función/salud y disfunción/enfermedad y la incorporación de los escenarios durante cada semestre se basó en la ejecución del modelo de intervención kinésica. Se utilizó baja (juego de roles) y alta fidelidad (pacientes estandarizados), participaron 120 estudiantes, cuatro docentes facilitadores, dos actores y dos ayudantes. La simulación clínica permitió el logro de la mayoría de los resultados de aprendizaje planteados en las asignaturas a través de la implementación de una práctica clínica en un ambiente seguro con una orientación formativa. Aun cuando se evidenció en algunos casos ansiedad e intranquilidad, en general los estudiantes valoraron esta experiencia como una estrategia educativa enriquecedora.
Memoria documental del movimiento estudiantil de 1968
Authors: de la Cruz Vázquez Francisco , Jiménez Molotla Luz María
Published: April 2024

El presente libro es una muestra de los fondos y las colecciones que sobre el movimiento estudiantil de 1968 resguardan el Archivo Histórico de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y la Universidad Iberoamericana. A lo largo de sus páginas, se exploran diversas aristas de este importante movimiento que evolucionó de una simple disputa entre estudiantes, hasta involucrar a diversos sectores sociales en la exigencia de mayores libertades sociales y políticas. El propósito primordial de esta obra es poner de manifiesto el valioso patrimonio documental relacionado con el movimiento estudiantil de 1968, con la esperanza de que inspire nuevas reflexiones y estudios sobre este acontecimiento histórico que sacudió a México hace más de cinco décadas.
Comparison of Elva Diagnostic SARS-CoV-2 Saliva Nucleic Acid Test Kit with RT-qPCR and Rapid Antigen Tests in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Allositandi Yudi Agustinus , Kahar Hartono , Aulia Fauqa Arinil
Published: April 2024

The practical application of the reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) technique has been confirmed in diagnosing different viral infections. Nevertheless, its accuracy in identifying SARS-CoV-2, particularly in practical clinical situations, has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of the Elva Diagnostic SARS-CoV-2 Saliva Nucleic Acid Test Kit, utilizing the RT-LAMP and Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) methods for in vitro diagnostic testing, compared to the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method throughout the progression of COVID-19. Method: This study employed an analytical observational diagnostic test at Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital, Surabaya, from March 2022 to May 2022. This research involved 54 samples of saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from 36 patients confirmed positive for COVID-19 and 18 samples from subjects not confirmed to have COVID-19, tested using the RT-qPCR method. The diagnostic performance of both the RT-LAMP and RAT methods was assessed by calculating their sensitivity and specificity in comparison to RT-qPCR, beginning from the time the patient was confirmed positive for COVID-19. The suitability of each method was analyzed using Cohen’s kappa. The nucleocapsid (N) protein gene from SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected with RT-LAMP and RAT test kits which showed incompatibilities with the RT-qPCR method (p value 0.308). The positive and negative results with the RT-LAMP and RAT method examinations were similar in number compared to the RT-qPCR method, where the positive results in the RT-LAMP and RAT methods were 2 subjects and the negative results were 52 subjects. Based on the results, only 2 confirmed cases had positive results with RT-LAMP and RAT, which means the sensitivity of both tests is only 5.5% and both are poor screening tests for patients suspected of having COVID-19. In addition, the specificity of RT-qPCR as the gold standard examination method for diagnosing COVID-19 cannot be replaced by the RT-LAMP and RAT methods.
REGIONAL VOCABULARY IN THE LANGUAGE OF IZHEVSK
Authors: Zhdanova E. A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a study of the distribution and features of regional words use in the Izhevsk city residents’ speech. For analysis, words were selected that are recorded in scientific works and lexicographic sources as used in Izhevsk, but not noted in the dictionaries of the Russian literary and dialect language. With the help of modern lexicographic and corpus Internet resources, such as the “Russian National Corpus”, the dictionary “Languages of Russian Cities”, the project “Languages of Cities and People”, the Yandex study “As they say: local words in different regions of Russia”, the territory of existence of the data is established words in the modern period. The lexemes odnerka, sadoogorod, fazanka, mulda, victoria, kultyshka, pesochnik, ploski, canalia were analyzed. These words in various sources are presented as local, but modern electronic resources help to establish the regional nature of their distribution and identify their semantic features. As the analysis showed, many of these words are known not only in Udmurtia, but also in other Ural regions, other lexemes have a wider range, there are words that are used in Udmurtia and in regions remote from it, which can be explained either by insufficiently complete and accurate fixation of regional words, or a change in the methods of disseminating information in the modern world, or the emergence of a word according to a typical derivation model simultaneously in several regions.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC, SOCIO-ECONOMIC, MEDICAL-BIOLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, ETHNIC FACTORS ON FERTILITY IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors: Ketova K. V. , Vavilova D. D. , Cherepanova A. S.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the research of the influence of various factors on fertility. Demographic, socio-economic, medical and biological indicators, as well as a number of environmental and ethnic indicators are considered as factors. Numerical calculations were carried out for the socio-economic system of the Udmurt Republic for the period 2000-2022. According to the official statistical information? presented in the 27×23 data set, a correlation and regression analysis of fertility was performed. The correlation analysis was revealed that the fertility rate is most strongly influenced by the number of registered marriages, the number of children born second in the family and the number of people employed in the economy. For them, there is a close direct correlation with a correlation coefficient above 0.7. An inverse correlation was found between the birth rate and the number of children born with disabilities. Weak correlation dependence with an absolute correlation coefficient of less than 0.2 was found between fertility and such factors as the per capita income of the population, maternity capital, ethnicity, etc. Step-by-step regression analysis was shown that currently the birth rate is mainly formed due to the births of second children in the family. This is due to the imbalance between the number of women in the range of younger and older ages in the field of fertility. The second most influential factor was the number of women of fertile age. The third group of factors affecting fertility to a lesser extent includes the number of registered marriages, the number of large families (a direct relationship was revealed). An inverse relationship was found between the fertility rate and the number of people employed in the economy, as well as between the fertility rate and the number of children with disabilities born.
MODEL FOR THE SOCIAL COMPETENCE FORMATION OF YOUTH IN A VOLUNTEER ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Perminova E. A. , Fisenko S.Yu. , Perminova O. M.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the current problem of managing developing an individual’s social competence, since successful interaction skills are part of universal competencies, necessary for effective professional activity, and become the subject of study in various sciences. The theoretical analysis of the category of social competence revealed, there are many approaches to studying and understanding it: on the one hand, this is a socio-psychological feature and personality characteristic, on the other hand, it is the process of managing education and the formation of effective communication. The study of the content, structure and features of the formation of social competence made it possible to identify a correlation with the educational process at the university and volunteer activities. It was revealed that the development of an individual’s social activity corresponds to the principles of volunteer activity and a hypothesis has been put forward about the possibility of effectively managing the development of social competence of young people within the framework of volunteer activities of an educational institution. A study of the prospects for youth participation in volunteering showed that for young people, the most interesting areas of volunteering are those that require the use of elements of social competence. Based on the results of the author's research, an assessment of readiness to participate in certain areas of volunteering was carried out, the main motives for involvement were identified and a list of personal qualities that constitute social competence necessary for successful activities was proposed. Based on the results of the author's research, an assessment of readiness to participate in certain areas of volunteering was carried out, the main motives for involvement were identified and a list of personal qualities that constitute social competence necessary for successful activities was proposed. A mechanism for managing the formation of social competence in a volunteer environment is proposed based on the coordination of personal and public interests, and proposals are given for forms of interaction between the volunteer community and the social educational system for the formation of social competence of young people through involvement in social design. An analysis of social initiatives on information resources of volunteer activities was carried out and proposals were formed for the integration of volunteering into the educational process of an educational institution.