bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUÊNCIA DO GANHO DE PESO MATERNO NO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO RECÉM-NASCIDO
Authors: Mazzitelli Balsamo Carlos Igor , Dal Carobo Vinícius Vargas , Montagner Marcia , Vargas Camila Lehnhart , Benedetti Franceliane Jobim
Published: December 2020

Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar a influência do ganho de peso materno sobre o estado nutricional do recém-nascido (RN). Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento transversal. A amostra foi constituída por mães e bebês nascidos em um hospital público de Santa Maria - RS. Nas primeiras 48 horas após o parto realizaram-se: a coleta de dados do prontuário médico, do cartão da gestante e as entrevistas com a puérpera. A coleta de dados constituiu-se por meio de um questionário, em que estavam divididos em bloco: gestação, mãe e criança. Foram avaliados 184 mães e recém-nascidos, a média do peso pré-gestacional ficou em 60,96±11,57 kg, e a média do ganho de peso gestacional foi de 13±5,18 kg, quanto a classificação do peso para idade gestacional, 145 (81%) dos RNs encontraram-se AIG, 16 (8,9%) PIG e 18 (10,1%) GIG. Destaca-se que os RNs com peso adequado para idade gestacional foram os que obtiveram estatisticamente maior pontuação dos itens socioeconômicos e de saúde. Após analisar a influência do ganho de peso materno sobre o estado nutricional, observou-se que o número de consultas pré-natal, ganho de peso gestacional adequado, escolaridade e renda familiar, associados interferiram de alguma forma no estado nutricional das puérperas e do RNs.
ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE IODO NA GESTAÇÃO E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NA SAÚDE DO BINÔMIO MÃE-FILHO
Authors: Coqueiro Karen Thayane De Oliveira , Pereira Renata Junqueira
Published: December 2020

A gravidez está associada a um declínio do iodo no organismo materno, que pode levar a hipotireoidismo em áreas com deficiência de iodo, por esta razão, é fundamental uma ingestão adequada durante a gravidez. Verifica-se que a insuficiente ingestão materna de iodo afeta negativamente a saúde do feto e do recém-nascido, com consequências que perdurarão por toda a vida. Esta revisão teve como objetivo descrever a importância do iodo para o período gestacional e os efeitos relacionados à sua deficiência no binômio mãe-filho. Sabe-se que o iodo é essencial para o desenvolvimento do cérebro fetal em etapas tais como a neurogênese, a diferenciação de células neuronais e gliais, a mielinização, a migração e a sinaptogênese. Nesse sentido, a deficiência de iodo na gestação e na vida extrauterina pode ocasionar um conjunto de anormalidades denominadas distúrbios da deficiência de iodo, que incluem um espectro de diferentes doenças, como hipotireoidismo, natimortos, bócio, anomalias congênitas, crescimento e desenvolvimento infantis prejudicados; atraso no desenvolvimento psicomotor; redução da capacidade cognitiva; além de elevarem as taxas de mortalidade fetal e infantil e serem  considerados as principais causas evitáveis de deficiência mental na infância e cretinismo. Futuros estudos sobre o papel da deficiência iódica na saúde materna e fetal ainda são necessários para elucidar de que forma o iodo impacta nos desfechos gestacionais e perinatais e as possibilidades de intervenção para se evitar ou minimizar os efeitos indesejáveis de sua deficiência.
Transportation system and the city: What the urban transport reform should be
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Berezinets Irina V. , Sokolova Ekaterina V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2020

The analysis of the main provisions of the transportation system reform programs in the Russian cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg allows the authors to conclude that some of the items in the documents do not fully satisfy the systemic approach to the definition of city and the role of transport in it. Based on the literature review and the benchmarking of best practices of the urban transportation reforms in different countries, the authors established inter-relations between urban transport and other elements of the city — economy, ecology, society and spatial planning. With regards to the identified inter-relations, possible consequences of policy decisions were investigated. These consequences are to be considered in the formulation of the urban transportation reform program. The article concludes with the necessity to include in the urban transportation reform program not only indices related to the development of public transport but also those which define the development of other elements of the city — economy, ecology, society and spatial planning.
EMPATHY AND THE EMOTIONAL COEXPERIENCING IN THE AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE
Authors:   University of Guelph, MITSCHERLING JEFF
Published: December 2020

After briefly remarking on previous treatments of empathy in the philosophical and psychological literature, I outline Stein’s treatment of this concept in On the Problem of Empathy and Philosophy of Psychology and the Humanities, illustrating the problematic breadth of her application of the term ‘empathy,’ a breadth that Stein herself calls to our attention. After a brief discussion of Stein’s treatment of empathy and the experience of value, I turn to certain features of Roman Ingarden’s analyses of aesthetic experience found in The Literary Work of Art and The Cognition of the Work of Art that deal with what he refers to as the reader’s ‘emotional coexperience’ of situations and events represented in the work of art. I conclude by comparing Stein’s account of empathy with Ingarden’s account of aesthetic experience, both of which deal at length with the subjective activities of “feeling with” and emotional coexperience.
CHALLENGING INGARDEN’S “RADICAL” DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE REAL AND THE LITERARY
Authors:   Department of philosophy, Sun Yat-sen University (Zhuhai), WILLIAMS HEATH
Published: December 2020

Ingarden’s phenomenology of aesthetics is characterised primarily as a realist ontological approach which is secondarily concerned with acts of consciousness. This approach leads to a stark contrast between spatiotemporal objects and literary objects. Ontologically, the former is autonomous, totally determined, and in possession of infinite attributes, whilst the latter is a heteronomous intentional object that has only limited determinations and infinitely many “spots of indeterminacy.” Although spots of indeterminacy are often discussed, the role they play in contrasting the real and literary object is not often disputed. Through a close reading of Ingarden’s ontological works and texts on aesthetics, this essay contests the purity of Ingarden’s ontological approach and the ensuing disparity between real and literary object, particularly on the question of spots of indeterminacy. I do this by demonstrating the following five theses: 1) Ingarden’s claim that the real object has an infinitude of properties belies an epistemology, and we should instead conclude that ontologically the real object’s properties are finite. 2) Ingarden’s a priori argument that absent properties of real objects are ontologically determined is unsound. 3) The radical difference between the infinitude and finitude of givenness and absence of the real and the literary object ought to be relativised. 4) Indeterminacies within the novel are concretised in much the same way that absent properties of real objects are intended. 5) Literature makes claims that have a truth value that we can attribute to their author.
TIME AND ITS INDETERMINACY IN ROMAN INGARDEN’S CONCEPT OF THE LITERARY WORK OF ART
Authors:   University of Ottawa, ELSBY CHARLENE
Published: December 2020

The time of the literary work of art is a schematized aspect of the represented objectivities of the literary work. Roman Ingarden’s analysis of the time of the literary work extends upon Husserl’s phenomenology of time consciousness but nevertheless remains consistent with it, insofar as within a literary work as well as actuality, an objective time or literary objective time is constituted from an experience of temporal objects (or in the case of the work of art, represented objectivities). The time of the literary work of art is experienced through its represented objectivities and depends on an already existent concept of objective time. (We conceive of the time of the literary work of art as a variant of actual time.) The time of the literary work, however, gains an indeterminacy, as the author of the literary work is able to manipulate our experience of time within the literary work by predicting how the reader will concretize its events, characters, and objects with respect to time. I use Alain Robbe-Grillet’s representation of the centipede in La Jalousie as an example of the possible manipulations of time, explicable through Ingarden’s analysis of time in the literary work of art.
DEFENESTRATION
Authors: RICHIR MARC
Published: December 2020

The article « La Défenestration » by Belgian philosopher Marc Richir has been translated into Russian for the first time for this issue of the “Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology.” In his early work “The Defenestration” Richir raises the question of relation between the subject and conceivable world. Here, a philosopher is pictured contemplating the world through the window of his tower. In such detachment from the world the thinker finds himself according to all Modern philosophies of consciousness. Husserl’s phenomenology inherits this detachment, since Husserl imposes the structure of transcendental ego as external to the world. Richir abolishes the concept of transcendental ego with the help of heideggerian Dasein, but analyzing Heidegger’s ontology he comes to the conclusion that the latter remains fixated on beings. Believing a person to live in the fundamental openness of Being, Heidegger places such a person in the secondary world of “truth.” In order to overcome the remains of traditional philosophy in Heidegger’s ontology Richir turns to Merleau-Ponty’ “cosmology of the visible.” The author takes the Merleau-Ponty’s thesis that everything visible has something fundamentally invisible in it. This allows him to discover the universe of “nothing” (rien), which includes both the visible and what is “behind” it. As a result Richir overcomes the classical dualism of the sensual and the intelligible. The concept of defenestration places the subject and the world in the same universe.
Untaken Peaks of “National Musical Construction”
Authors:   Kazan State Conservatory named after N. G. Zhiganov, Maklygin Alexander L.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the process of the establishment of national professional musical practices in the national culture of the 1920–1940s on the example of creating the first operas. Initiated by state policy, the accelerated rise of academic art in the new Soviet republics brought about different artistic results, where, alongside the successful solution of the tasks set, the phenomenon of creative failure was adjacent. This was especially manifested in the work on the opera as the most complex and highest genre of European music. As a result of this work, the problematic aspects of the accelerated conquest of academic artistic tasks in the national republics were distinctly expressed: lack of the necessary socio-cultural infrastructure, a weak level of musical and performing personnel and the creative unprepared pioneer composers to solve opera dramaturgical problems. The “folklore thinking” of the first opera authors encountered a number of genre problems, the overcoming of which was expressed in all kinds of national interpretations aimed at combining strict European canons (for example, the phenomenon of the so-called “Turkic opera”). The most common event in the national republics was the phenomenon of “unfinished operas”, which demonstrated a certain antagonism of the composer’s folklore thinking and the necessary genre standards. The surviving sketches of many failed opera “firstborns” are mainly exposition areas of the form — arias and choirs based on folk song material. The development sections of the form, as well as orchestration, turned out to be an insurmountable obstacle. By the end of the 1940s, a whole group of “failed operas” had already developed in Soviet music, each of which in its own way presents dramatic pages of the history of Soviet music as multinational art. Without attention to this “invincible” and often latent part of the artistic heritage, the completeness of the true conquests of Soviet national musical “construction” cannot be revealed.
Features of Development of Creative Abilities of Senior Preschoolers in Collective Application
Authors: Varnina Anastasiia Sergeevna
Published: December 2020

Resume: the article discusses the theoretical aspects of the concept of creative abilities. The author offers the results of an experiment on the formation of creative abilities in a collective application.
Constructing a Lesson on Padlet Platform
Authors: Smirnova Marina Sergeevna , Redkina Irina Davidovna
Published: December 2020

The possibilities of constructing lessons on the Padlet platform are shown in the article. Attention is drawn to the use of various information resources in the process of designing lessons, as well as teaching technologies. The examples of lessons on the subject “The world around you” in elementary school and a lesson in a foreign language (Chinese) are given.
Regional Centre – Towns of Rural Regions
Authors: Kariagin Leonid Aleksandrovich , Zaharova Irina Eduardovna
Published: December 2020

The peculiarities of urbanizing processes in rural regions are offered in the article. Their ulterior properties are defined. Regarding such peculiarities of Russian rural regions’ urbanization, it is recommended to assign a status of towns to a more urbanized rural regions, and a status of urban-type settlements to a less urbanized ones.
Organization of Training Process for Preparation
to 10x10 Shuttle Run Exam
Authors: Malkov Andrei Alekseevich
Published: December 2020

Analysis of literature sources showed insufficient coverage of the issue of preparation for passing the standards in the exercise Shuttle run 10*10 m. You can find a General description of the exercise, but without specific recommendations, or General recommendations for preparing for the 60 – 100m test. Although the method of preparation for the 60, 100 m competition is similar to the method of preparation for the 10*10 m shuttle run, it still has a number of fundamental differences. This article contains tools, methods, and practical recommendations for preparing for implementation. standard shuttle run 10*10 m.
Formation and Development of National Educational System in Kuban in 1920-1930 on the Example of Ukrainian and Adyghe Schools
Authors: Kravtsova Iuliia Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

The present article analyzes basic peculiarities of the formation and development processes of Ukrainian and Adyghe national educational systems in Kuban under the all-Russian indigenization policy of 1920-1930. The resolution of such problems as: application of education in native language, personnel training, local attitude, the course and the results of aims set as well identification of distinctive feature of indigenization of education of Ukrainian and Adyghe districts.
Digital Transformation of the B2B Sector: Marketing Aspect
Authors: Vyborov Egor Sergeevich , Makarova Olga Iurevna
Published: December 2020

This article discusses importance of digital transformation of the B2B sector while the B2C sector shows high growth rates in using digital technologies, only 30% of B2B companies successfully carry out digital transformation. The article presents ways of digital transformation in the field of marketing, reveals the reasons for increasing the importance of the client's holistic experience and offers for digitalization of the B2B sector. Revealing the content of the client's holistic experience, we highlight successful and problematic areas that should allow B2B companies to reorient from a product-centered to a customer-oriented strategy in order to maintain and strengthen their competitive positions.
Characteristic Malfunctions of Hydraulic System and Methods of its Elimination Under Restricted Conditions
Authors: Chizhova Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

The article discusses some of the problems that occur during the operation of the hydraulic system on logging machines. In the course of fault analysis and practical experience, options for on-site remediation or minimal repairs are suggested to ensure transport to the repair boxes.
Visibilización de la agroecología periurbana durante la pandemia: el uso de las redes sociales para la militancia del plato
Authors: POGGI MARINA , Pinto Lucas Henrique
Published: December 2020

Nos proponemos indagar los modos en los que -a partir de la pandemia mundial por COVID-19- los productos agroecológicos se visibilizaron virtualmente y el debate acerca de la soberanía alimentaria seincrementó en las preocupaciones sociales colectivas. En este sentido, partimos de que las redes sociales virtuales son potenciadas por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, vinculadas a la mirada tradicional de red conformada por entidades y por relaciones entre esas entidades. A partir del advenimiento del mundo global, las redes fueron revitalizadas por la web y adquirieron nuevas dinámicas sociales, tomaron diferentes formas y dimensiones, ya que en el espacio virtual se multiplican (Kauchakje, Penna, Frey, Klaus y Duarte, 2006). Con el objetivo de indagar en los hábitos de consumo de alimentospre-pandemia y las modificaciones realizadas durante la misma, elaboramos una encuesta cuyos resultados presentamos en este trabajo, pretendiendo con ello aportar datos actuales de las elecciones, posibilidades de acceso, conocimiento, etc., acerca de los alimentos y su procedencia. Apelamos a los conceptos de agroecología y periurbano, considerando las prácticas y el espacio de estudio. El primero refiere al“campo de conocimientos que reúne, sintetiza y aplica conocimientos de la agronomía, la ecología, la sociología, la etnobotánica y otras ciencias afines, con una óptica holística y sistémica, para generar, validar yaplicar estrategias adecuadas para el diseño, el manejo y la evaluación de sistemas agroalimentarios sustentables” (Sarandón y Flores, 2020, p. 59). El segundo se define como “territorio de borde sometido a procesos sociales y económicos relacionados con la valorización capitalista del espacio, como consecuencia de la incorporación real o potencial de nuevas tierras a la ciudad” (Feito y Barsky, 2020, p. 897). Si biencontemplaremos diversas experiencias, nos centraremos en el caso de la cooperativa de consumo “Pueblo a Pueblo”, una iniciativa de comercialización que propone constituirse como alternativa de circuito cortode alimentos sanos en las ciudades, mediante trabajo digno.

Palabras clave: Periurbanos. Redes sociales. Agroecología. Consumo. Pandemia.
A cidade-lar e o lar-cidade
Authors: Braga Robson da Silva
Published: December 2020

Em 2020, durante o isolamento social de combate à Covid-19, o ambiente doméstico despontou como uma extensão da cidade por meio das materialidades das tecnologias de comunicação e informação, numa intensificação da confusão entre público e privado que vem sendo consolidada na contemporaneidade. As reuniões remotas amplificaram um processo de exposição da intimidade que já vem se consolidando com as redes sociais desde o início dos anos 2000. Com base nisso, este artigo analisa de que modo grupos de pessoas têm utilizado ferramentas de videoconferência em substituição aos encontros realizados antes da quarentena na cidade de Fortaleza, capital que, em março de 2020, chegou a ser a mais afetada do Brasil, segundo dados do Ministério da Saúde. Como recorte, analisamos o uso de três ambientes virtuais (1. lives de apresentações de artistas; 2. reuniões remotas de trabalho; 3. e comemorações virtuais de aniversário) com base em dois procedimentos principais: a) observação participante feita pelo pesquisador; b) e entrevista semiaberta com cinco moradores de Fortaleza. Os eventos analisados foram realizados por meio de plataformas como YouTube e Instagram (no caso das lives de artistas) e por meio de plataformas de reuniões virtuais, a exemplo de Jitsi, Zoom e Skype.

Palavras-chave: Espaços urbanos. Encontros virtuais. TICs. Interações virtuais. Pandemia
Uma Geração viral? Adolescência e confinamento
Authors: Feixa Pampols Carles
Published: December 2020

O termo “geração viral” refere-se a uma faixa etária que vivencia uma dupla circunstância vital: por um lado, a exposição ao coronavírus como marca geracional; de outro, a velocidade de transmissão de informações pela internet. O artigo analisa o impacto do confinamento causado pela Covid-19 entre adolescentes, com base em um estudo de caso realizado na Catalunha, Espanha. Após explorar o papel do confinamento nos ritos de passagem da infância para a vida adulta em diferentes culturas, a experiência do confinamento é analisada a partir das transformações de quatro espaços da vida adolescente: a sala, o espaço educacional, os espaços de lazer e o ciberespaço. No epílogo expõe-se o processo de desconfinamento e como está afetando os jovens, na forma de discursos juvenófobos que os culpam por surtos, mas também a partir de experiências construtivas de inovação e participação social.Palavras-chave: Adolescência. Juventude. Coronavírus. Confinamento. Desoconfinamento.
La memoria en tiempos de pandemia. Registro visual del 24 de marzo de 2020 en Argentina.
Authors: Rodríguez María Graciela , Gamarnik Cora , Vázquez Cecilia
Published: December 2020

Este Ensayo Visual propone una reflexión sobre los vínculos entre memoria, imágenes y ciudad, a partir de una selección de imágenes que acompañaron el evento del 24 de marzo de 2020, cuatro días después de que comenzara a regir en Argentina el Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio (ASPO). Los organismos de Derechos Humanos tomaron la iniciativa de realizar una campaña para conmemorar a través de otros recursos este aniversario del 24 de marzo teniendo en cuenta las restricciones de circulación. Las ciudades se llenaron ese día de carteles caseros y pequeñas obras artísticas que fueron a su vez retratados por fotógrafos profesionales o amateurs. Entendemos que el formato de Ensayo Visual nos permite combinar un repertorio de imágenes que condensan modos alternativos de ejercitar la memoria, con algunas reflexiones –urgentes, excepcionales, provisorias- que nos despierta la pandemia.

Palabras clave: Imágenes. Ciudad. Memoria.
A relação de alunos de fonoaudiologia com a leitura e escrita a partir de uma oficina de letramento
Authors: Pôrto Thiago Mathias , Massi Giselle Athayde , Guarinello Ana Cristina
Published: December 2020

Pesquisas atuais apontam que atividades de letramento na universidade podem ampliar as possibilidades de relação dos sujeitos frente ao uso da leitura e escrita no ambiente acadêmico. Frente a tal compromisso, este estudo objetivou compreender a relação que discentes de uma IES estabelecem com a linguagem escrita após sua participação em uma oficina de letramento. Seis alunas de um curso de graduação em Fonoaudiologia que fizeram parte de uma oficina de promoção do letramento participaram deste estudo. Os resultados estão organizados em 2 eixos que retratam as “Dificuldades de leitura e escrita apresentadas pelos estudantes na universidade” e os “Efeitos da oficina de letramento na posição subjetiva dos mesmos”. O espaço de oficina do letramento pode permitir que seus participantes assumam outras posições frente as suas supostas dificuldades, possibilitando a ampliação de sua autonomia, autoria e uma diminuição de suas angústias e sofrimentos frente à linguagem escrita.
“Sempre fui meio termo”: a clínica fonoaudiológica e a construção de narrativas no contexto da Educação Superior
Authors: Donida Lais Oliva , Bergamo Alexandre , Maia-Vasconcelos Sandra
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir tanto a narrativa produzida no contexto da Educação Superior quanto o lugar da clínica fonoaudiológica no acolhimento de universitários com dificuldades acadêmicas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas entrevistas e parte do material escrito produzido por um universitário que procurou a clínica fonoaudiológica com o objetivo de diagnosticar e corrigir as dificuldades. A discussão do caso mobilizou três áreas: Linguística; Sociologia; e Fonoaudiologia. A procura por tratamento representa, nesse contexto, uma possibilidade também de atribuir sentido à sua história de vida. A atribuição de um diagnóstico para suas dificuldades educacionais faz com que o espaço clínico emerja como lugar de acolhimento e apoio que a Universidade não consegue ser.
Novel Phytochemical Constituents and their Potential to Manage Diabetes
Authors: Khalivulla Shaik I. , Mohammed Arifullah , Mallikarjuna Kokkanti
Published: December 2020

Background:

Diabetes is a chronic disease affecting a large population worldwide and stands as one
of the major global health challenges to be tackled. According to World Health Organization, about 400 million
are having diabetes worldwide and it is the seventh leading cause of deaths in 2016. Plant-based natural products
have been in use from ancient times as ethnomedicine for the treatment of several diseases, including diabetes.
As a result of that, there are several reports on plant-based natural products displaying antidiabetic activity.
In the current review, such antidiabetic potential compounds reported from all plant sources along with their
chemical structures are collected, presented and discussed. These kinds of reports are essential to pool the
available information to one source, followed by statistical analysis and screening to check the efficacy of all
known compounds in a comparative sense. This kind of analysis can give rise to a few potential compounds
from hundreds, which can further be screened through in vitro and in vivo studies, and human trails leading to
the drug development.

Methods:

Phytochemicals, along with their potential antidiabetic property, were classified according to their
basic chemical skeleton. The chemical structures of all the compounds with antidiabetic activities were elucidated
in the present review. In addition to this, the distribution and their other remarkable pharmacological activities
of each species are also included.

Results:

The scrutiny of literature led to the identification of 44 plants with antidiabetic compounds (70) and
other pharmacological activities. For the sake of information, the distribution of each species in the world is
given. Many plant derivatives may exert anti-diabetic properties by improving or mimicking insulin production
or action. Different classes of compounds including sulfur compounds (1-4), alkaloids (5-11), phenolic compounds
(12-17), tannins (18-23), phenylpropanoids (24-27), xanthanoids (28-31), amino acid (32), stilbenoid
(33), benzofuran (34), coumarin (35), flavonoids (36-49) and terpenoids (50-70) were found to be potential active
compounds for antidiabetic activity. Of the 70 listed compounds, majorly 17 compounds are obtained from
triterpenoids, 13 from flavonoids and 7 from alkaloids. Among all the 44 plant species, the maximum number
(7) of compounds were isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa followed by Momordica charantia (6) and S. oblonga
with 5 compounds.

Conclusion:

This is the first paper to summarize the established chemical structures of phytochemicals that
have been successfully screened for antidiabetic potential and their mechanisms of inhibition. The reported
compounds could be considered as potential lead molecules for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Further, molecular
and clinical trials are required to select and establish therapeutic drug candidates.
Pericytes Within A Pulmonary Neurovascular Unit in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Elicited Pathological Changes
Authors: He Zhen
Published: December 2020

A pericyte-centered theory suggesting that embolisms occurring within the microvasculature
of a neurovascular unit that can result in either parenchymal hemorrhage or intravascular congestion
is presented here. Dysfunctional microvascular pericytes are characterized by their location
in the neurovascular unit, either on the arteriole or venule side. Pathophysiological and pathological
changes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include pulmonary hypertension, edema,
focal hemorrhage, microvascular congestion, and thrombosis. In this paper, the application of
the pericytes-centered hypothesis to COVID-19 has been presented by proposing the concept of a
pulmonary neurovascular unit (pNVU). The application of this concept implies that human lungs
contain approximately 300 million pNVUs. This concept of existing local regulation of microvascular
blood flow is supported by the observation of pathophysiology in pulmonary embolism and in
acute high-altitude illness. The autonomic control seen in these three disease states matches blood
flow with oxygen supply in each pNVU to maintain physiological blood oxygen saturation level.
This paper illustrates how the malfunction of microvascular pericytes may cause focal hemorrhage,
edema or microvascular congestion and thrombosis. A bypass existing in each pNVU would autonomically
deviate blood flow from a COVID-19-affected pNVU to other healthy pNVUs. This action
would prevent systemically applied medicines from reaching the therapeutic threshold in
COVID-19-affected pNVUs. While testing this hypothesis with experimental evidence is urgently
needed, supporting therapy aimed at improving microcirculation or rebuilding the physiological
function of microvascular pericytes is recommended as a potentially effective treatment of COVID
19.
Anti-carcinogenic Effect of Cathepsin K Inhibitor, Odanacatib with a Low Dose of Cisplatin Against Human Breast Carcinoma MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 Cells
Authors: Vashum Yaongamphi , Kottaiswamy Amuthavalli , Loganathan Tholcopiyan , Sheriff Fathima B. , Samuel Shila
Published: December 2020

Background:

A cross-linking agent commonly used for cancer chemotherapy is a platinum
compound such as cisplatin. However, with the acquisition of cellular drug resistance and adverse
side effects, the potency of cisplatin is, therefore, often tempered. To overcome these issues,
the present study has established the use of cathepsin k (CTSK) inhibitor as a potent chemosensitizer.

Methods:

The cytotoxic effect of cisplatin and odanacatib (ODN) on two different breast cancer patient-
derived cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, was assessed by MTT-based colorimetric assay.
The drug interaction coefficient CDI was used to evaluate the synergistically inhibitory impact
of the drug combination and immunoblot was used to examine the expression of certain proteins responsible
for cell survival and the mechanism of apoptosis.

Results:

In this study, we found that IC50 of ODN in combination with cisplatin (half of IC25) induced
a synergistic cytotoxic effect in different breast cancer cells. Diminished expression of Bcl-2
and increased expression of Bax aroused the cytochrome release, that triggered caspase-9 and -3 activation
in the combinatorial group. ODN with a lower dose of cisplatin significantly inhibited the
protein expression of novel chemoresistant factors such as STAT3, NFκB and IL-6.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the potential effects of the combination of ODN with a reduced
dose of cisplatin on improving the growth inhibition and apoptosis-inducing effect on breast cancer
cells via combined inhibition of NF-κB-induced IL-6 and STAT3 activation. The study result
suggests that the further development of this novel inhibitor in combination with a low dose of standard
cisplatin-based chemotherapy may contribute to an alternative treatment option for certain
cancers.
Cell Arrest and Apoptosis Induced by the Next Generation of Vanadium Based Drugs: Action Mechanism to Structure Relation and Future Perspectives
Authors: Vlasiou Manos C. , Pafiti Kyriaki S.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Every year, we encounter more projects indicating the promising anticancer activity of
vanadium molecules against different types of cancer cells. The new generation of metal-based drugs, targets
the energy supplies of the cell through ROS generation leading them to cell arrest and apoptosis. The relatively
low toxicity of vanadium metal, the different oxidation states that it can occur and in general, the lipophilicity
of transition metals, gave attention to vanadium after the exhausting research in platinum-based drugs.
Herein, the latest advances in the apoptotic activity of vanadium complex molecules have been reviewed and revealed
the structure to action relationship. Future perspectives of vanadium anticancer drugs are also discussed.

Methods:

Data were collected from Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, through searching of these keywords:
“apoptosis”, “anticancer drugs”, “vanadium complexes”, “synthesis” and “cell arrest”.

Results:

A good amount of vanadium complexes gave promising results over the past few years, showing that a
more careful approach of a ligand design could give rise to the next generation of vanadium drugs.

Conclusion:

The low toxicity of vanadium ion in combination with its V(IV) species selectivity gives the vanadium
a head starts against other transition metal complexes.
Design of Crushing Mechanism of Mobile Straw Granulator
Authors: Ge Yanyan , Wu Juanjuan , Xiao Maohua , Su Zichao
Published: December 2020

Background:

Crop straw is a valuable renewable biological resource. In this study, a mobile straw granulator
was designed to fully and efficiently use crop straw. The key crushing mechanism device of the mobile straw granulator
was also designed in detail.

Methods:

The first three natural frequencies and vibration modes of the crushing roller are obtained by applying ANSYSWorkbench software to the modal analysis of the crushing roller.

Results:

The lowest natural frequency of the crushing roller was 165.83 Hz, which was higher than its working frequency
of 30 Hz and would not cause resonance. Three factors and three levels were tested using the average resistance of the
blade as an index and the blade edge angle, the blade thickness, and the blade end width as the test factors.

Conclusion:

The optimal parameter combination obtained by software analysis is blade edge angle of 30°, blade thickness
of 8 mm, and blade width of 75 mm. With this parameter combination, the blade power consumption is the smallest, the
service life is the largest, and the crushing effect is the best.
A Robust Fuzzy Decision Making on Global Warming
Authors: Bhattacharya Kousik , Kumar De Sujit , Nayak Prasun Kumar
Published: December 2020

Background:

In this article we develop a global warming indicator model under fuzzy system. It is the light of
sun that environmental pollution is responsible for the cause and immediate effect of global warming. Limited amount of
oxygen in the air, continuous decrease of fresh water volume, more especially the amount of drinking water and the rise of
temperature in the globe are the major symptoms (variants) of global warming. Thus, to capture the facts we need to
develop a mathematical model which has not yet been developed by the earlier researchers.

Introduction:

An efficient literature survey has been done over the three major parameters of the environment namely
oxygen, fresh water and surface temperature exclusively. In fact we have accumulated 150 years-data structure for these
major components and have analyzed them under fuzzy system so as to develop an efficient global warming indicator
model.

Method:

First of all, we gave few definitions on fuzzy set. Utilizing the data set we have constructed appropriate
membership functions of the three major components of the environment. Then applying goal programming problem, we
have constructed a fuzzy global warming indicator (GWI) model subject to some goal constraints with respective priority
vectors (Scenario 1 and Scenario 2). An extension has also been included for multi-valued goal programming problem and
numerical illustrations have been done with the help of LINGO software.

Result:

Numerical study reveals that the GWI takes maximum and minimum values in a decreasing manner as time
increases. It is seen that for scenario 1, the global environmental system will attain its stability after 30 years by degrading
31% of GWI with respect to present base line. For scenario 2, after the same time the global environmental system will
attain its stability quite slowly by degrading 28% of GWI with respect to present base line.

Conclusion:

Here we have studied a mathematical model of global warming first time using fuzzy system. No other
mathematical models have been existed in the literature. Thus, the basic novelty lies in a robust decision-making approach
which shows the expected time of extinction of major species in this world. However, extensive study on data analytics
over major environmental components can tell the stability of the global warming indicator and hence the future fate of
the globe also.
When to Return for Usual Activity After ACS The Benefit of Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Tri Tjahjono Cholid
Published: December 2020

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can be managed as global long-term care and comprehensive risk reduction of cardiac patients based on preventive care through a professional multi-disciplinary integrated process approach.11 Multidisciplinary CR elements include: patient evaluations, physical activity counselling, exercise training, diet/nutritional counseling, psychosocial management, lipid management, smoking avoidance, management of weight, and regulation of blood pressure. Exercise training if begun at the post-ACS acute phase, would achieve its greatest beneficial effect on the process of LV remodeling in the dysfunctional LV and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in patients after acute coronary syndrome. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can be managed as global long-term care and comprehensive risk reduction of cardiac patients based on preventive care through a professional multi-disciplinary integrated process approach
Methodological aspects of the presentation of information security threats recognition signs in the context of improving technical intelligence
Authors: Skryl S. V. , Nikulin S. S. , Mazin A. V. , Spivak V. I. , Krylov V. O. , Nikulina V. V.
Published: December 2020

Formulation of the problem. The completeness of the characteristics of one of the most serious threats to the security of information today – its leakage through the transient electromagnetic pulse emanation standard (TEMPEST) from computer equipment (CE) is determined not only by the number of detectable signs of leakage but also by several other parameters characterizing the dynamics of the implementation of such a threat. The established patterns in the scenarios of violators’ actions associated with the use of technical reconnaissance equipment (TRQ) to intercept informative TEMPEST signals from computer equipment made it possible to form a model of all possible options for using TRQ to obtain confidential information processed by computer equipment. The proposed model provides the implementation of the methodological principles of the recognition theory for a more complete characterization of threats of information leakage through the channels of spurious electromagnetic radiation and interference from CE in the process of their detection.

Objective. Development of methodological grounds for presenting signs of the violator’s implementation of certain functions associated with the use of technical reconnaissance equipment to intercept informative signals of spurious electromagnetic radiation and interference from computer equipment as signs that identify the most significant conditions for the recognition and prevention of such threats.

Results. Methodological solutions for the identification of three states significant for the prevention of threats are given based on the structuring of the functional representation of the intruder’s actions to implement such threats. Mathematical models for assessing the predicted amount of information disclosed in the process of intercepting TEMPEST informative signals from computer equipment, and assessing the level of security threats in case of interception of information are also presented.

Practical significance. The paper presents the main options for the operation of a complex of programs for recognizing threats of information leakage through TEMPEST channels from computer equipment developed within the framework of the presented methodology.
Stress Level among UiTM Puncak Alam Students during the Movement Control Order
Authors: Ibrahim Wan Nur Amirah Ibrahim , Mohamad Rosdi Nur Adilah
Published: December 2020

Stress is a common mental issue among students during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study aimed to determine and to compare the stress level among health sciences and non-health sciences students during the Movement Control Order. Cross-sectional study design was used, and the Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire was distributed for this study. The majority of 145 students (81.4%) had a moderate stress level, and there was no significant difference in the mean of the stress level between the health sciences and non-health sciences students(p>0.05). This research provides preliminary insight into the stress level among students and the need for further actions.    
Keywords: Stress; students; movement control order
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2498.
The Croatian Islands on maps in André Thevet's Le Grand Insulaire et Pilotage
Authors:   University of Zadar, Department of Geography, Zadar, Croatia, Faričić Josip , Marelić Tome ,   University of Zadar, Department of Geography, Zadar, Croatia, Levačić Patrick ,   University of Zadar, Department of French and Francophone Studies, Zadar, Croatia, Šinko-Depierris Đurđa ,   University of Zadar, Department of French and Francophone Studies, Zadar, Croatia
Published: December 2020

The French royal cosmographer André Thevet wrote many works, including Le Grand Insulaire et Pilotage. The second volume of this work (a navigation manual), prepared in manuscript form in 1586, describes the Croatian coast and islands and includes maps of Krk, Pag, Ugljan with Pašman, Čiovo, Brač, Hvar, and Korčula. These achievements are completely unknown in Croatian scientific literature. The subject of this paper is Thevet’s maps showing the Croatian islands. Their geographical content is compared to maps published in the second half of the 16th century in isolarios by Giovanni Francesco Camocio (1571), Antonio Millo (1582), and Giuseppe Rosaccio (1598). The study shows that Thevet’s maps were completely different from those produced by his contemporaries, especially in terms of the contours of island coastlines and depicted geographical features. Thevet’s maps were a reflection of the author’s personal competence, primarily his knowledge of geography and methods of spatial data collection, processing and cartographic visualisation, and are also a vivid testimony to French insight into the geography of the eastern Adriatic coast during the Renaissance.
Improving Heart Disease Risk Through Quality-Focused Diet Logging: Pre-Post Study of a Diet Quality Tracking App
Authors: Kwon Bum Chul , VanDam Courtland , Chiuve Stephanie E , Choi Hyung Wook , Entler Paul , Tan Pang-Ning , Huh-Yoo Jina
Published: December 2020

Background

Diet-tracking mobile apps have gained increased interest from both academic and clinical fields. However, quantity-focused diet tracking (eg, calorie counting) can be time-consuming and tedious, leading to unsustained adoption. Diet quality—focusing on high-quality dietary patterns rather than quantifying diet into calories—has shown effectiveness in improving heart disease risk. The Healthy Heart Score (HHS) predicts 20-year cardiovascular risks based on the consumption of foods from quality-focused food categories, rather than detailed serving sizes. No studies have examined how mobile health (mHealth) apps focusing on diet quality can bring promising results in health outcomes and ease of adoption.

Objective

This study aims to design a mobile app to support the HHS-informed quality-focused dietary approach by enabling users to log simplified diet quality and view its real-time impact on future heart disease risks. Users were asked to log food categories that are the main predictors of the HHS. We measured the app’s feasibility and efficacy in improving individuals’ clinical and behavioral factors that affect future heart disease risks and app use.

Methods

We recruited 38 participants who were overweight or obese with high heart disease risk and who used the app for 5 weeks and measured weight, blood sugar, blood pressure, HHS, and diet score (DS)—the measurement for diet quality—at baseline and week 5 of the intervention.

Results

Most participants (30/38, 79%) used the app every week and showed significant improvements in DS (baseline: mean 1.31, SD 1.14; week 5: mean 2.36, SD 2.48; 2-tailed t test t29=−2.85; P=.008) and HHS (baseline: mean 22.94, SD 18.86; week 4: mean 22.15, SD 18.58; t29=2.41; P=.02) at week 5, although only 10 participants (10/38, 26%) checked their HHS risk scores more than once. Other outcomes, including weight, blood sugar, and blood pressure, did not show significant changes.

Conclusions

Our study showed that our logging tool significantly improved dietary choices. Participants were not interested in seeing the HHS and perceived logging diet categories irrelevant to improving the HHS as important. We discuss the complexities of addressing health risks and quantity- versus quality-based health monitoring and incorporating secondary behavior change goals that matter to users when designing mHealth apps.