bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Administrative mechanisms for securing the competitiveness of educational institutions in Ukraine
Authors: Zhuravel Yuliya V. , Kotsko Oksana A. , Lazorenko Tayisiya V.
Published: June 2022

The quality of educational services is the basis for securing the competitiveness of educational institutions, which is displayed in their ability to compete in the mobile educational space and the mobile learning market (receive competitive advantages). In turn, the quality of services means their compliance with requirements, standards, and contracts specified by law. From this perspective, administrative mechanisms are intended to establish quality parameters in the legal framework, verifying their reasonability in practice. The list of administrative mechanisms includes licensing, certification, accreditation, standards, qualification framework, requirements for qualification of teaching staff, typical staffing standards, governmental surveillance (control) in the form of inspections and punishment, and ownership relations regulation. The article aims to substantiate the application of governmental standards as administrative mechanisms for securing the competitiveness of Ukrainian educational institutions. The conceptual foundations of the creation of administrative mechanisms in education that emerge based on the new challenges for the educational system are examined. The antagonism of the impact of administrative mechanisms on educational institutions in Ukraine and its competitiveness is mapped and characterized. Various criteria for the application of administrative mechanisms to secure the competitiveness of educational institutions are determined. The systemic measures on standards application taken by different EU countries are substantiated. Based on the analysis of the Law of Ukraine “On Standardization”, the nature of standards and their application features are specified. The article proves that the standards can be divided by criteria and approaches, allowing their systematization. The specifics of the application of administrative mechanisms to secure the competitiveness of educational institutions in Ukraine are defined.
The place and role of corporations in domestic machine building
Authors: Lyakhovska Olena V.
Published: June 2022

The main trends in the development of machine-building enterprises in Ukraine are studied. The research proves that large and medium-sized machine-building enterprises sell more products, and the level of profitability of their activities is higher than that of small enterprises. These trends are due, in particular, to the fact that large and medium-sized machine-building enterprises could provide greater funding for the production and development of technical and technological processes, the creation of research units and diversification of markets through international trade and more. A decrease in investment in the development of domestic machine-building industries and a decrease in the share of machine building in investment financing of the industrial sector of the economy are revealed. The paper specifies that in recent years, international corporations, which have established their subsidiaries and production units in Ukraine, have started to play a significant role in the structure of machine-building industries. The share of TNCs in machine-building industries is determined. In particular, the paper shows that in 2020, about 18 subsidiaries of well-known world manufacturers of machine-building products were active, producing 10.45% of sold machine-building products in Ukraine. Such companies involved 10.32% of mechanical engineering workers in general, and the wage bill was 12.45%. The production specialization of machine-building TNCs is outlined. These are mostly intermediate manufacturers engaged in the manufacture of individual components for leading automotive companies. The research emphasizes that the vast majority of machine-building TNCs in Ukraine operate on tolling schemes. Foreign companies are the consumers of TNCs' final products. Accordingly, the share of such products in the Ukrainian export of mechanical engineering is also quite high. This primarily applies to the production of electrical machines (subgroup 85). The expediency of the development of domestic industries to strengthen their competitive position in domestic and foreign markets is emphasized.
The ways of environmental transformation of the tax system in Ukraine
Authors: Zhuk Petro V.
Published: June 2022

The paper substantiates the approaches to improving the mechanisms of economic-environmental regulation in Ukraine in current management conditions with the focus on the taxation tools based on evaluation of European experience in implementing the polluter pays principle. The author argues that environmental tax generates over 6% of all tax revenues in the EU Member States at the 0.56% rate in Ukraine. The insignificant role of environmental tax in the system of taxation fails to stimulate the environmentally friendly activity of economic entities, while the funds from environmental tax fail to cover state expenditures on environmental protection. The situation needs changes in terms of improving the environmentalization of the tax system in Ukraine with the increase of the share of environmental tax in the total tax revenues to the European level and simultaneous decline in tax burden by other types of taxes to avoid the growth of the tax burden on economic entities. The suggested scheme of environmental transformation of the tax system in Ukraine stipulates the following: increasing the share of environmental taxes and bringing it up to 6% of tax revenues; simultaneous reduction of the corporate income tax by the appropriate amount. Meanwhile, the environmental tax revenues should be increased by over 10 times, in the first place by bringing the rates of the tax on carbon dioxide emissions from stationary sources closer to global rates ($ 10-15 per ton) to secure about a half of environmental tax revenues. It should include fuel and transport taxes with the rates that can secure revenues in the amount of about UAH 10 billion. Other environmental taxes should be increased 5 times. The proportions of environmental tax revenues division between general and specific funds of budgets with gradual increase of the share of specific nature protection funds revenues are offered.
Analysis of education development in Ukraine in the context of the access to free educational services
Authors: Zhuravel Yuliya V.
Published: June 2022

The development of education is a complex managerial process that can combine or concentrate various directions, goals, and objects. Nowadays, the impact of the state or other public organizations on the competitiveness of higher educational institutions’ activity is quite a difficult process as the institutions have extended autonomy. In the COVID-2019 pandemic, contemporary people are actually limited in their rights to free full-time education at universities or other institutions providing educational services to determine all competitive advantages of a certain educational institution. Therefore, vertical and horizontal connections that generate the competitiveness of educational institutions should be taken into account when conducting comprehensive research of the mechanisms of the system of securing education through the analysis of educational institutions’ activity. From this perspective, consideration of various educational levels is a relevant research object that allows showing the current situation in the sector. The article aims to analyze the main educational levels in Ukraine, reveal the problem aspects in the sector, and generalize public measures taken to secure access to free educational services. The article analyzes the change paces of main development parameters of a private segment of general secondary education in Ukraine in 2012-2021 and educational expenses of Ukrainian households per month in 2002-2020. The share of private general educational institutions in their total number in Ukrainian regions for 2020 and the share of Government commission at the expense of state and local budgets in the total number of those having entered higher educational institutions in Ukraine in 2006-2021 are calculated. The trends in the number of vocational and higher educational institutions in Ukraine and their students in 1990-2019 are shown. The main measures taken by the state to secure access to free educational services in Ukraine are outlined.
Modern trends in providing quality food for active tourists
Authors: Byelyayeva Svitlana S. , Starynets Olena A. , Herman Iryna V.
Published: June 2022

The work focuses on the manufacturing of freeze-dried products and dishes in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to identify current trends to ensure quality nutrition for active tourists and well-founded reasons for the use and promotion of freeze-dried products. Information and analytical methods, methods of comparison, systematization, generalization, etc. were used during the research. The article summarizes the arguments about the relevance of providing the consumer market with freeze-dried products and dishes, taking into account the needs of active tourists. The basis of the study led to the conclusions that the market for freeze-dried food production in Ukraine is still underdeveloped and requires investment support and popularization in the consumer market. The examples of the production capacities of the corresponding companies for the manufacturing of fast food products using freeze-drying technology studied in the work meet modern requirements due to the introduction of innovative technologies for the operation of modern equipment, both foreign and domestic. The article proves that the benefits of consuming products and dishes produced based on freeze-drying technology meet high-quality standards. The expediency analysis of the use of freeze-dried products for active tourists on the basis of the analysis of various kinds of sports tourism needs is carried out. Conclusions are made on the lack of freeze-dried products advertising, limiting the consumer market niche segment and the expediency of developing strategic plans for freeze-dried products manufacturing, consumer search and consumer market saturation with quality freeze-dried foods based on price differentiation. Emphasis is placed on the importance of active support of the movement for a clean environment by food manufacturers for tourists in Ukraine, including freeze-dried products, as it is becoming increasingly important in the world and has an environmentally and socially-oriented direction.
Competitive advantages of Ukrainian educational institutions in the global mobile space
Authors: Zhuravel Yuliya V. , Hryhoruk Iryna I.
Published: June 2022

Today, the educational process is the basic indicator of the educational institutions’ competitiveness and ability to gain a competitive advantage. It should be organized according to state standards while taking into account the possibilities of autonomy of educational institutions, the needs of students, and the challenges of the external environment. Thus, the development of the global mobile space forces educational institutions to take into account international progressive approaches to the organization of the high-quality educational process. The article aims to substantiate the educational process components and determine their competitive advantages for educational institutions in terms of educational mobility. The article presents the main components of the educational process (pedagogical, personnel component, material and technical, organizational, etc.), which are the basis of the competitive advantages of Ukrainian educational institutions in the global mobile space. Attention is focused on the importance of applying the practice of international internships aimed at improving the academic mobility of scientific and pedagogical staff. The main problems of the educational process in educational institutions are described, including the involvement of practitioners in the educational process as one of the most important. The key priorities for improving the educational process of educational institutions in Ukraine are identified. The importance of digitalization in the educational process is emphasized, and its main advantages from the beginning of the COVID-2019 pandemic to the present are described. The key elements a digital learning environment should combine for effective functioning and full use are highlighted. The article emphasizes that the elements of digitalization of educational institutions are a sign of their competitiveness both within the country and abroad, as it allows foreigners to receive education remotely and Ukrainians while being abroad. The value plane of educational branding allowing an educational institution to position its unique niches for marketing opportunities is mapped.
E-učenje u nastavi fizike i informatike: stavovi studenata Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku
Authors: Dukić Darko , Juranović Marina
Published: June 2022

Cilj rada je istražiti primjenu e-učenja u nastavi fizike i informatike na Sveučilištu Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku sa stajališta studenata. Studija je također nastojala ispitati motivaciju studenata za e-učenje i njihove stavove o implementaciji IKT-a u nastavnom procesu. Prema mišljenju većine ispitanika, nastava se iz oba predmeta uglavnom izvodi na klasičan način uz podršku IKT-a. No, napredni oblici e-učenja ipak su značajno više zastupljeni u poučavanju informatike. Istraživanje je nadalje otkrilo da studenti općenito prihvaćaju e-učenje i, u skladu s tim, percipiraju ga pozitivno. Oni su se također složili da se e-učenje ne primjenjuje dovoljno u nastavi fizike i informatike te da bi nastavnici trebali više poticati studente na korištenje IKT alata. Osim toga, analiza je pokazala da su studenti u značajno većoj mjeri motivirani za upotrebu e-učenja u nastavi informatike i da bi imali bitno više problema kada bi se predavanja iz fizike održavala potpuno online. Rezultati ove studije doprinose boljem razumijevanju implementacije e-učenja na hrvatskim sveučilištima.
Evaluacija kakvoće mora luka metodom daljinskog istraživanja
Authors: Matetić Iva , Runko Luttenberger Lidija
Published: June 2022

Luke imaju velik gospodarski značaj, ali također predstavljaju značajan izvor onečišćenja, bilo od brodskog tereta ili otpada koji nastaje na brodu. Koncept zelene luke primjenjuje se kao nova paradigma koja nastoji uskladiti lučke aktivnosti s okolišnim i socijalnim pitanjima bez ugrožavanja gospodarskog rasta, čime postaje sinonim za održivu luku. Uz nužnost uvođenja redovitog uzorkovanja mora u luci, potrebno je koristiti i nove dostupne tehnologije kao što je daljinsko istraživanje s ciljem unaprjeđenja nadzora nad kvalitetom vode i efikasnije kontrole onečišćenja morskih prostora, čime se pospješuje održivost luka. U radu se daje prikaz dostupnih aktualnih alata za analizu kvalitete mora te se analiziraju mogućnosti daljinskog istraživanja stanja kvalitete morskog okoliša na primjeru područja luke Rijeka, najveće luke u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Classification of communication barriers with Z generation in the workplace
Authors: Sulyma Alla
Published: June 2022

Przedstawiciele pokolenia Z wchodzą obecnie do organizacji z określonymi oczekiwaniami, umiejętnościami oraz kompetencjami. Warunkują one sposób zachowania i budowania relacji między nimi a innymi pracownikami, a także przełożonymi w każdej organizacji. Stąd celem rozważań jest analiza i klasyfikacja barier komunikacyjnych z pokoleniem Z. Na początku w wyniku krytycznej analizy literatury przedstawiono kontekst różnic pokoleniowych oraz opisano bariery komunikacyjne. Następnie ukazano autorski podział barier komunikacyjnych z pokoleniem Z oraz opisano jego najważniejsze elementy. Na koniec przedstawiono rekomendacje dotyczące komunikacji z pokoleniem Z w organizacjach dla menedżerów różnego szczebla oraz firm szkoleniowych w zakresie szkolenia kadry menedżerskiej. Posiadanie wiedzy z zakresu barier w komunikacji z pokoleniem Z pozwala na podejmowanie strategicznych i naprawczych działań w celu usprawnienia procesów komunikacyjnych na wszystkich poziomach funkcjonowania organizacji.
Occlusal Splint Effectivity in Child Bruxism
Authors: Achmad Harun
Published: June 2022

Background: Bruxism is defined as a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles characterized by teeth clenching or teeth grinding or by tapping and moving the jaw. Patients with bruxism may experience symptoms of jaw muscle pain or attrition of teeth. An occlusal splint is a removable appliance that is made in accordance with the occlusal and incisal surfaces of the teeth in one of the opposing jaw arches. The mechanism of the occlusal splint in reducing bruxism is muscle relaxation, to break the habit in patients with increasing intensity of bruxism and reduce the tooth wear.

Aim: The aim of writing this article is to find out the effectiveness of the use of occlusals plints in child bruxism cases.

Mini-Review: This Literature review was compiled by collecting, identifying, evaluating, and analyzing the journals PubMed, Wiley, Science Direct, and manual searches during the publication time period 2011 to 2021 regarding the effectiveness of using an occlusal splint to treat cases of bruxism in children. From 261 journal articles obtained in the initial search, 6 full-text journals were found that met the criteria and were carried out.

Conclusion: The occlusal splint is effective to overcome cases of bruxism in children.
Effects on the Patient Pathway for Heart and Lung Transplantation During the COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Clark Stephen
Published: June 2022

To evaluate the impact of Coronavirus on the cardiopulmonary transplant program we compared mortality during the pandemic with each of the previous 5 years activity with reference to the stages of the patient pathway from referral, through assessment, waiting list and post transplantation. The deaths had been retrospectively reviewed throughout the entire cardiothoracic transplant pathway between 2015 and December 2019. The patients have been categorized into pre- and post-transplant cohorts. Pre-transplant patients were further subdivided depending upon their stage in the assessment process–referral, assessment, or active waiting list. Prospectively the deaths in the pathway have been analyzed during the Coronavirus pandemic from January 2020 to June 2021 and compared deaths at each stage in the pathway to determine the impact on this vulnerable group. Surprisingly the retrospective review did not suggest any rise in mortality in this vulnerable population due to COVID. Most patients, being aware of the risks and effects of COVID on their disease, may have exercised extreme caution, effectively isolated, and shielded from contacts and strictly followed a personal hygiene policy. This may well explain the effectiveness of these measures in protecting this population. There is evidence that vaccination may have limited efficacy in transplant recipients and so the effectiveness of shielding and hygiene can be shown to have a demonstrable protective impact on this vulnerable group.
Prevention Risks of Post Covid-19 Infection and Rebound Symptoms
Authors: Reinfeld Howard B
Published: June 2022

The novel coronavirus of 2019 has been present among us for decades, mainly confined to cattle and livestock where it is harmless and up until the end of 2019, did not infect human cells. Once it did, it produced a combination of mild to severe manifestations that guaranteed its spread across the globe. The combination of aerosol transmission alongside barely detectible and nonspecific symptoms allowed it to spread unmanageable. Finally, the ultimate onslaught of respiratory distress in a small proportion of unfortunate individuals solidified its deadliness. By the time a decent understanding of the situation was achieved, its already too late to contain it.
Glycated Hemoglobin is a Biomarker of Renal Failure in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Bayoumy Ibrahim El
Published: June 2022

Objective: In diabetic patients, this condition leads the cause the chronic kidney disease commonly known as diabetic nephropathy or diabetic kidney disease. Diabetic kidney disease patients were an exceptional cohort of the population that had a noticeable high glycated hemoglobin along with a low glomerular filtration rate.

Methodology: The recent cross-sectional study was based on a 790 participants sample size, having both normal and diabetic patients with various complications and severities related to renal function. This research is based on diabetes mellitus type 2 patients under the treatment in Farwaniyah hospital, Kuwait from 2007 to 2010. The patients were divided into four groups based on Diabetic + Renal failure (Diab+RF), Diabetic + non-Renal failure (Diab+ NRF), Nondiabetic +Renal failure (NDiab +RF) compared with normal individuals. Correlations were evaluated between HbA1c with all groups and the estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Results: In this study, we observed that higher HbA1c may the reason for the decline in glomerular filtration rate, irrespective of general characteristics like age, sex, and Blood Pressure. Our results showed that 37% of diabetic patients with renal failure. Conclusion: We report that in clinical exercise glycated hemoglobin acted as a biomarker to predict the renal disease stage. Control glucose restricts the decline in glomerular filtration rate this act shows the value of glycemic variability in glomerular filtration rate descent. endothelial damages cause by High glycated hemoglobin levels with low plasma glucose in fasting.
COVID-19 and Blood Clots: Is it only The Virus to be Blamed? What are new Updates? A Systematic Review
Authors: Mahmood Majid Mohammed
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 is a viral disease that infected most of the people on the planet as a pandemic. The disease is attributed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes respiratory symptoms, vascular disorders and can infect more body systems. This article aims to expand the list of causes of blood clotting as well as to focus the light on the links between blood clots and the virus which was always blamed to cause thrombosis. From the literature, reasons of blood coagulation consist of 3 main categories: non-infectious, infectious, and medications. Some medications used in the international therapeutic protocol for COVID-19 might cause blood coagulation such as zinc, glucocorticoids, and favipiravir which are not well studied. Finally, new causes of thrombosis are recently added to the list which are SARS-CoV-2, some therapeutics used for COVID-19 treatment strategy, and COVID-19 vaccines. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 may cause blood clots, but it is not the only reason. COVID-19, some medicines used to treat patients, and COVID-19 vaccines are added to the list of causes of blood clots despite the rare incidence of blood clots recorded in vaccinated people.
Treatment of Covid 19 Infection with Oselatamivir as First Line Antiviral Therapy for Non-Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Reinfeld Howard B
Published: June 2022

Covid-19 treatments are evolving, trying to catch up to the evolution of the virus itself as new variants continue to surface. In this article, four cases of two vaccinated and two unvaccinated individuals with mild to moderate Covid-19 are presented that have been treated with Oseltamivir, an influenza neuraminidase enzyme inhibitor. The use of Oseltamivir was the main antiviral drug in a combination regimen containing an antibiotic and a steroid. Oseltamivir has achieved symptom improvement in as little as 48 hours after commencement of treatment, with full resolution and subsequent conversion of a positive Covid-19 PCR to negative within 7-10 days, indicating a possible use of Oseltamivir as an alternative to Ritonavir boosted Nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid).
Cancer, General Principles of Biological Treatments
Authors: Hunis Adrian P
Published: June 2022

Biological therapy for cancer is a type of treatment that uses the body's immune system to kill cancer cells. Biological therapy for cancer is used in the treatment of many types of cancer to prevent or slow tumor growth and to prevent the spread of cancer. Biological therapy for cancer often causes fewer toxic side effects than do other cancer treatments. The goal of biological therapy for cancer is to induce your immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells. Your body's immune system fights invaders, such as germs, throughout your body. Your immune system should also recognize cancer cells as abnormal, but it doesn't always do that. Cancer cells can develop an ability to hide from immune system cells. Or cancer cells can disable or inhibit immune system cells from acting [1,2].

In general, biological therapies work by:

1. Inducing the immune system to attack cancer cells. There are several ways biological therapy treatments can achieve this goal. As an example, chemicals that stimulate your immune system cells could be injected into your body. Or a sample of your immune system cells could be trained in a lab to attack cancer cells before being reintroduced to your body.

2. Making cancer cells easier for your immune system to recognize. Biological therapy can also target the cancer cells, turning on or off cell signals that help them elude the immune system cells. As an example, drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors can target specific chemical receptors on cancer cells, blocking the signals the cancer cells send to suppress the immune system.
A Strategy of "Resistance Blood Management" in Pregnant Women at Risk of Massive Obstetric Hemorrhage
Authors: Petrovna Posokhova Svetlana
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study: To determine the effectiveness of treatment of anemia with intravenous iron (III) hydroxide sucrose complex (Sufer) in pregnant women with pathological placentation, as the first stage of "patient blood management" before delivery. Our studies have been limited to examining the effectiveness of an iron supplement for the treatment of anemia.

Methods: Among 86 pregnant women with placental pathology, 58 (70.7%) had anemia. Severe anemia with a hemoglobin level <70 g/l was in 13 (22.4%), and moderate anemia with a hemoglobin level <90 g/l - in 19 (32.8%). The first group included 18 (31.1%), pregnant women, with placenta previa with periodic blood loss during pregnancy. The second group consisted of 40 (68.9%) pregnant women with the invasive placenta. The gestation period in all women was 33 + 6 weeks. Anemia was treated by administering intravenous iron Sufer 3 times a week (5-7 injections).

Results: The main factor that led to pathological placentation was the scar on the uterus. In pregnant women of the second group with invasive placenta, the scar on the uterus was in 38 (95%) women. Severe anemia was present in 2 (11.1%) pregnant women with placenta previa and 2.4 times more often in pregnant women with invasive placenta -11 (27.5%). Moderate anemia was present in 4 (22.2%) women in the first group and in 15(37.5%) in the second group. In pregnant women with severe anemia, after 5-7 injections of the drug Sufer significantly increased the level of hemoglobin by 30 g/l, increased the number of erythrocytes to 2.8x1012/l, increased serum iron by 2 times, the level of ferritin increased to 19.6 μg/l and decreased transferrin content. For pregnant women with moderate anemia, 3-5 injections of the drug were sufficient to normalize the indicators. Normalization of blood parameters allowed to reduce the risk of bleeding, and the number of blood transfusions and improved treatment outcomes.

Conclusion: Timely diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women with placental pathology is an important means of preventing massive blood loss and reducing the number of blood transfusions, as the first stage of the strategy "patient blood management". Intravenous iron (III) sucrose complex hydroxide (Sufer) has shown high clinical efficacy in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women with placental pathology and can be recommended for widespread use in practical medicine.
Impact of PGM Loading in DOC on Emission in Diesel Engine Off Road Vehicle to Meet CEVIV Norms
Authors: Sahare Abhijit
Published: June 2022

Experimental study was done for evaluation of different type of PGM loading in Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) for off road vehicle. The main purpose of DOC is to reduce the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide from exhaust line and increasing the DOC outlet temperature, which used in soot oxidation in DPF and increased conversion efficiency of SCR. It is very challenging to meet the emission norm with minimum loading of DOC for low cost and durable approach for non-auto application. Test results highlights impact on emission with different PGM loading in DOC. This paper focused on the calibration of DOC model with different loading and observed that behaviour on THC and CO in exhaust system. Minimum Temperature constraint was come in NRTC rather than NRSC. With low, exhaust gas temperature white smoke observed, when unburned HCs was adsorbed on DOC. Data taken to understand thermal effect on DOC with different loading in aged condition. It observed that maximum DOC loading, conversion efficiency went up to 98% in THC after heating up. DOC loading is also responsible for conversion of NO to NO2, which is used in conversion of SCR efficiency. Detailed comparison and analysis was done to understand the impact of PGM loading in DOC for NO2 formation, exotherm, HC & CO light off temperature behaviour.
Rear Wheel Roll Steering (Passive) Suspension Mechanism
Authors: Gauraang Singh Baghel
Published: June 2022

This paper focuses on the concept and ideas for the development of Passive Four-Wheel Steering and will act as a foundation to build a robust and practical design. We always seek new methods to improve over existing ones, steering the rear wheels is always a fascination that an automotive engineer dreams of. The concept of treating angle as a vector quantity and further taking components of it and using them to generate Toe (steer) in the rear wheels through suspension linkages in accordance with the direction of cornering is analyzed in detail. Along with this a virtual design is incorporated and simulated to prove the practicality of the concept.
Model Predictive Control based Direct Matrix Converter fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine drives for Traction and Electric Mobility Applications
Authors: B. Balaji  , J. D. Anunciya
Published: June 2022

There have been extensive research works going on electric mobility but most of these work and the existing electric mobility systems are battery-based DC systems. In some applications of electric mobility like traction and advanced technologies like electromagnetic induction charging, AC fed systems are employed due to the innate qualities of AC power transmission. Almost all the electric mobility systems we use are AC induction or permanent magnet machines. The conventional electric mobility systems including traction having AC as their energy source use two-stage conversion i.e. A fixed AC is converted to a fixed or variable DC link using a rectifier and finally, an inverter provides a variable AC in terms of frequency and magnitude according to the control algorithm. The two-stage conversion has its pros and cons but Matrix Converter (MC) will be a suitable and efficient alternative for AC fed AC motor drives. In the case of traction and other electric mobility applications, the load torque demand plays a significant role. The predictive control technique provides a suitable solution for these kinds of special drive applications due to their selective parameter control ability. Implementation of predictive control using a matrix converter is more effective than the conventional inverter fed drives, owing to the increased viability of matrix converter switching configurations. This paper discusses the mathematical implementation and comparison of Predictive Current Control (PCC) and Predictive Torque Control (PTC) with and without weighing factor for AC fed electric mobility applications. The efficacy of both the model predictive control techniques in concern of execution time, steady-state, transient, and dynamic conditions are analysed and validated along with the influence of diverse control variables in the cost function.
Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies for Electric Mobility – State-of-the-Art Scenario
Authors: Nagmani  , Debanjana Pahari  , Ashwani Tyagi  , Dr. Sreeraj Puravankara
Published: June 2022

Rechargeable batteries are an integral part of all types of electric vehicles (EVs). Batteries must contain higher energy-power densities and longer cycle life for an EV system. Lead-acid batteries, Nickel-metal hydride batteries, and Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been employed as charge storage in EV systems to date. Lead-acid batteries and Nickel-metal hydride batteries were deployed in EVs by General Motors in 1996. However, the low specific energy in Lead-acid batteries (34 Whkg-1) and high self-discharge (12.5% per day at r.t.) in Nickel-metal hydride batteries have marked these batteries obsolete in EV applications. LIBs currently occupy most of the EV market because of their high specific power (~130-220 Whkg-1) and a low selfdischarge rate (~5% per month). The current technological maturity and mass production in LIBs have reduced the overall battery cost by ~98% in the last three decades, reaching an average value of $140 kWh-1 in 2021. Although a game-changer in battery technologies, LIBs encounter various challenges: high cost, low safety, less reliability, and immature infrastructure despite environmental benignness. Overcharging and overheating of LIBs can cause thermal runway leading to fire hazards or explosion. Declining Liresources also raise concerns regarding the reliability and shelf-life of LIB technology. Hence, a critical assessment of Li-ion chemistries is essential to comprehend the potential of LIBs in electric mobilities and to realize the prospects in EVs.
Deep Learning Model for Prediction of Air Mass Deviation Faults
Authors: Karthik Chinnapolamada
Published: June 2022

Major Systems of an internal combustion Engine are Air System, Fuel system, and Exhaust system. Any malfunction in these systems increases emissions. OBD legislation mandates to monitor these systems for any faults and appropriate action should be taken in case of the any faults which increase vehicle emissions. The idea of the paper is to find the Air mass flow deviation faults using datamining and machine learning based approach. Detection of fault is classifying whether system is faulty or not. Objective is to create a deep learning model using the available vehicle data to classify the system for a fault. Three main inputs for the Air Mass flow in an internal combustion Engine are1) Fresh Air which measure using Mass Air Flow sensor2) Low Pressure EGR3) High Pressure EGRDuring vehicle lifetime, due to different real vehicle operating conditions and environmental conditions, deviation in the set point of air mass flow and actual mass flow are possible to an extent, which can affect vehicle emissions. Deviation in the Air Mass flow can be caused by intake Air mass, LP-EGR, HP-EGR. The Aim of the project is to create the deep learning model for Air Mass Flow Hi and Low faults using the available data, and associate the fault to the component in the Intake Air System.
Development and Implementation of Remote Duty Cycle Data Acquisition and Analysis
Authors: Sathish Kumar P  , Kumar P  , Dayalan P
Published: June 2022

In the competitive automotive industry, launch of a new vehicle has become a norm to stay ahead, also the vehicle manufacturers are competing in terms of increased warranty on the new launch. Hence it is imperative for rigorous validation of new vehicle in very short period and requires to map customer usage pattern in least possible time. This work is based on an extension of internet of things (IOT), which provides a tool of capturing vehicle duty cycle by using combination of analog and digital sensors with appropriate ADC. The system is enabled with algorithm/ coded to log result, whenever measured physical parameter goes above/below predetermined level. The work involves implementation of an auto start and auto shutdown of the system based on vehicle ignition. Thus, this paper presents a system that is capable of continuous, real time recording and edge computing (auto post processing) physical quantity and ensures complete elimination of human interface, thereby enabling Remote Data Acquisition, Analysis and Reporting system (Proposed system). The proposed system is fit and forget and cost-effective solution, it can be fitted in any number of vehicles to acquire data for large number of kilometers to map system level usage pattern. Against the conventional method with limited kilometers of data to map customer pattern. The present work is an implementation of Remote Data Acquisition, Analysis and Reporting system in measurement of required vehicle parameters of temperature and humidity in field working conditions.
Aerodynamic Effect on Stability and Lift Characteristics of an Elevated Sedan Car
Authors: Amrutheswara Krishnamurthy  , Dr.Suresh Nagesh
Published: June 2022

There is a strong interaction between air and vehicle components. Aerodynamics plays a significant role in a vehicle's fuel efficiency. The contact patch load between the tire and road is directly related to the vehicle load. In this research, the lift forces generated due to the additional wing attached to the car model with different spans and heights of the wing location from the car body is considered for study. The loads due to change in Angle of Attack (AOA) and their effect on the tire loads are studied. The upward vertical force produced from aerodynamic loads reduces the wheel load of the car virtually. A tire's coefficient of friction would decrease with upward vertical force. This balance load implies that a lightweight car would make more efficient use of its tires than a heavier car. ANSYS Fluent is used for the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study. The validation of airflow characteristics, lift and drag forces from simulations are done with wind tunnel testing data. Varying the angle of attack, wingspan, height between the car and the wing's lower surface, one can increase the capacity of the payload by 10% or fuel efficiency by 10% to 20%.
Assessment of Antidiabetic Activity of Dried Juice of Andrographis Paniculata Leaves in Alloxan induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Chandak Kamala , Dabhekar Shalaka , Bhuya Archana , Umekar Dr. Milind
Published: June 2022

Background: Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae) is an annual herb and the whole herb is traditionally reported to be used in treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the anti-diabetic potential of dried juice of Andrographis paniculata leaves in alloxan induced diabetic rats as the decoction of whole plant is used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus traditionally. 

Method: The fresh leaves of A. paniculata herb were collected and grinded with distilled water into a fine slurry. The resulting juice was filtered and concentrated and used for the study. Three doses (50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg) of dried juice of leaves were orally administered to the diabetic rats to evaluate blood glucose lowering effect. Metformin hydrochloride drug (120mg/kg) was used as a reference standard. The blood glucose level was measured at 0, 1, 3 and 5 hours after the treatment.

Results: After single administration of dried juice of leaves with 50 mg/kg dose there was significant reduction of blood glucose level at 3rd and 5th hour of administration and the % reduction was 24.8 and 37.51 respectively. Similarly 100mg/kg of extract dose showed significant reduction in blood glucose level at1st, 3rd and 5th hour of administration with % reduction of 20.6, 35.2 and 48.28 respectively whereas 200 mg/kg dose caused significant reduction in blood glucose level after 1st, 3rd and 5th hour of intervals and the % reduction was of 21.48, 41.0 and 52.6 respectively. 

Conclusion: All the three doses of dried juice (50, 100 and 200mg/kg) showed the maximum% reduction in blood glucose level after 5th hour of administration (37.51%, 48.28% and 52.6% respectively) as compared with diabetic control. This in vivo study shows that A. paniculata leaves has significant antidiabetic potential in a dose dependant manner and the results are comparable with the reference standard drug.
Struktur Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove di Teluk Sampit Kotawaringin Timur Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Akhmadi Akhmadi
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan memahami struktur vegetasi pada hutan mangrove di wilayah Kecamatan Teluk Sampit, Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur. Teknik sampling menerapkan Nested Sampling yang merupakan kombinasi dari sistem transek dan plot. Area penelitian dibagi menjadi 11 transek yang masing-masing panjangnya 440 meter, sedangkan jarak antar transek adalah 600 meter. Pada setiap transek dibuat 7 plot sampel dengan pola zig-zag, dan jarak antar setiap plot adalah 50 meter. Analisis data menggunakan analisis struktur vegetasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 jenis tumbuhan mangrove di kawasan hutan mangrove Teluk Sampit, yang dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam 9 marga, 8 suku, 7 bangsa, 2 kelas, dan 1 divisi. Indeks Keragaman Jenis termasuk dalam kategori rendah, karena semua jenis memiliki nilai kurang dari 1. Struktur vegetasi menunjukkan adanya dominasi oleh 4 jenis tumbuhan mangrove dari kelompok mangrove sejati, yaitu Rhizophora mucronata Lam., Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir., Avicennia alba Blume., and Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl., yang meliputi tahap-tahap pertumbuhan tingkat semai (seedling), pancang (sapling), tiang (pole), dan pohon (tree).
Combination of thermal ablation by focused ultrasound, pFAR4-IL-12 transfection and lipidic adjuvant provide a distal immune response
Authors: Do Hai Doan , Marie Corinne , Bessoles Stéphanie , Dhotel Hélène , Seguin Johanne , Larrat Benoit , Doan Bich-Thuy , Scherman Daniel , Escriou Virginie , Hacein-Bey-Abina Salima , Mignet Nathalie
Published: June 2022

Aim: Gene-based immunotherapy against cancer is limited by low gene transfer efficiency. In the literature, interleukin-12 (IL-12) encoding plasmid associated with sonoporation has been shown to enhance antitumoral activity. Moreover, non-viral carriers and high-frequency ultrasound have both been shown to promote immune response activation. Here, IL-12 encoding plasmid, non-viral carrier stimulating the immune response and focused ultrasound were combined in order to improve the antitumoral efficiency.
Methods: In order to enhance a gene-based antitumoral immune response, home-made lipids Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists and plasmid free of antibiotic resistance version 4 (pFAR4), a mini-plasmid, encoding the IL-12 cytokine were combined with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The lipid composition and the combination conditions were selected following in vitro and in vivo preliminary studies. The expression of IL-12 from our plasmid construct was measured in vitro and in vivo. The combination strategy was evaluated in mice bearing colon carcinoma cells (CT26) tumors following their weight, tumor volume, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in the serum and produced by splenocytes exposed to CT26 tumor cells.
Results: Lipid-mediated cell transfection and intratumoral injection into CT26 tumor mice using pFAR4-IL-12 led to the secretion of the IL-12 cytokine into cell supernatant and mice sera, respectively. Conditions of thermal deposition using HIFU were optimized. The plasmid encoding pFAR4-IL-12 or TLR2 agonist alone had no impact on tumor growth compared with control mice, whereas the complete treatment consisting of pFAR4-IL-12, TLR2 lipid agonist, and HIFU limited tumor growth. Moreover, only the complete treatment increased significantly mice survival and provided an abscopal effect on a metastatic CT26 model.
Conclusions: The HIFU condition was highly efficient to stop tumor growth. The combined therapy was the most efficient in terms of IL-12 and IFN-γ production and mice survival. The study showed the feasibility and the limits of this combined therapy which has the potential to be improved.
Seismic Loads Influence Treatment on the Liquid Hydrocarbon Storage Tanks Made of Nanocomposite Materials
Authors: Sierikova Olena , Strelnikova Elena , Degtyarev Kirill
Published: June 2022

The liquid hydrocarbon storage tanks are the objects of environmental danger. It is necessary to perform additional calculations and develop appropriate design solutions to minimize the risks of their accidents in the event of the earthquake or explosions. The degree of damage to the environmentally hazardous object during the earthquake depends not only on the seismic effects level, but also on the quality of seismic design and construction. The possibility of exposure to smaller but more frequent and prolonged seismic loads caused by technogenic and natural factors has not been sufficiently taken into account in tanks designing for the environmentally hazardous liquids storage. The composite materials using with nanoinclusions in tanks for storage liquid hydrocarbons, allows to increase the reliability of tanks under seismic loads and extend their service life under the influence of natural and technogenic influences of various origin. The results of the calculations have been shown that the use of composite materials with nanoinclusions in the steel spheres form is the best option for environmentally friendly operation of tanks under seismic loads.
The EU Small Claims Procedures in the Netherlands - Some Good and Some Bad News
Authors: Fernhout Fokke
Published: June 2022

he EU Small Claims Procedure (henceforth: ESCP) has been implemented in the Netherlands by a separate statute, that entered into force on 10 June 2009. This Dutch Small Claims Act (henceforth: SCA) has been amended in 2017 as a result of the changes in the ESCP of 2017. About the initial implementation of the SCA has been reported in 2013. This contribution will focus on the situation since the amendments of 2017, obviously taking into account earlier developments that still determine the workings of the ESCP.
First, the framework of civil litigation in the Netherlands will be described. Second, the implementation of the ESCP will be discussed and explained. The main part will be devoted to the workings of the ESCP in practice, including an analysis of the way the ESCP is used (and maybe abused). The conclusion will be that in less than 3 % of the cases the ESCP is used in conformity with its objectives, but that legal practice profits from its aspects that help to avoid the workings of other European instruments, especially the EU Service Regulation.
A critical discourse study of the portrayal of immigrants as non-citizens in a sample from the Spanish press
Authors: Martínez Lirola María
Published: June 2022

This study intends to contribute to critical discourse analysis (CDA) by observing how the discourse of the press represents immigrants. The objective of this paper is to observe the main linguistic characteristics used by the press to portray sub-Saharan immigrants as non-citizens, in a sample from the Spanish press. The corpus consists of the news items published in the digital editions of the newspapers El País and ABC from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. The main discursive characteristics analysed to observe the representation of immigrants as non-citizens are lexis, the use of figures and the passive voice. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative data.

The analysis will show that the discourse of the press tends to represent immigrants in a negative way, to reproduce the dichotomy ‘we-they’ and to represent immigrants as ‘the other’. The findings indicate that the recurrent use of certain words to refer to immigrants, the use of figures that evoke a sense of invasion and the representation of them as passive individuals do not favour integration but on the contrary the exclusion of immigrants from Spanish society, which thus promotes non-citizenship.