bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using singscore to predict mutations in acute myeloid leukemia from transcriptomic signatures
Authors: Bhuva Dharmesh D. , Foroutan Momeneh , Xie Yi , Lyu Ruqian , Cursons Joseph , Davis Melissa J.
Published: June 2019

Advances in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies that measure the transcriptome of biological samples have revolutionised our ability to understand transcriptional regulatory programs that underpin diseases such as cancer. We recently published singscore - a single sample, rank-based gene set scoring method which quantifies how concordant the transcriptional profile of individual samples are relative to specific gene sets of interest. Here we demonstrate the application of singscore to investigate transcriptional profiles associated with specific mutations or genetic lesions in acute myeloid leukemia. Using matched genomic and transcriptomic data available through the TCGA we show that scoring of appropriate signatures can distinguish samples with corresponding mutations, reflecting the ability of these mutations to drive aberrant transcriptional programs involved in leukemogenesis. We believe the singscore method is particularly useful for studying heterogeneity within a specific subsets of cancers, and as demonstrated, we show the ability of singscore to identify where alternative mutations appear to drive similar transcriptional programs.
Value Attitude to the Family as the Basis of Spiritually-Moral Formation of Personality
Authors: Серебрякова Т. , Serebryakova T. , Казакова О. , Kazakova O. , Бурханова А. , Burhanova A. , Усова Е. , Usova E.
Published: June 2019

This article presents the results of empirical research focused on the study of the value attitude of children of middle preschool age to the family, which we consider as the basis of spiritual and moral formation of preschool children. It is the attitude to the closest adults, as objectively proved by the cultural and historical concept of L.S. Vygotsky's development, that has the most decisive importance for the effectiveness of the whole process of personal formation. Given that moral development is not only an important component, but also the indicator of the full development of personality (studies F.A. Akhmatova, Z.Y. Barysheva, B.M. BIM-Bada, E.V. Bondarev-skaya, T.I. Vlasova, V.I. Dodonov, A.V. Mudrik, N.D. Nikandrova, L.I. Novikova, E.G. Ossovskogo, V.G. Pryanikov, Z.I. Ravkin, I.N. Sisimskoj, G.N. Filonov and many other researchers), we believe that the moral standards of the relationship to their friends and family, and formed in the process of interaction with them in the framework of family education in the future, having become a habit, the child will carry and the rest of society. Based on the results of research, as the most important component components of the value relationship of preschool children to their loved ones, we have identified a cognitive component, suggesting the presence of children's systemic knowledge of the rules and regulations of interaction; affective component, the component that determines the modality of the child's emotions and determines the nature and direction of his attitude to close adults; behavioral component, which, in our opinion, is a specific integration of the first two, and an indicator of their level of development. Taking into account the selected component components of the value attitude of preschool children to their loved ones, we have developed and tested an experimental diagnostic program, objectively proved the existence of the relationship between the level of value attitude of children to their family members and their spiritual and moral development.
Spór o historię kontynentu i pochód do pojednania – Aborygeni w wielokulturowej Australii
Authors: Chrzanowska Joanna
Published: June 2019

THE DISPUTE OVER THE HISTORY OF THE CONTINENT AND THE WAY TO RECONCILIATION – ABORIGINES IN MULTICULTURAL AUSTRALIAThe article is dedicated to difficult relations between Australian Aborigines and the Australian mainstream society. Over the centuries these relations were marked with white group’s domination and humiliation of the autochthons. The first decades of the 21st century, however, brought significant changes, but still not sufficient enough, in treatment of Australia’s first inhabitants. The text reflects on the most important solutions elaborated by both sides: the state and the Aborigines, aiming to improve the situation of disadvantaged minority.
Komiks jako sposób radzenia sobie z traumą uchodźczą
Authors: Grzymała-Moszczyńska Halina , Różańska-Mglej Małgorzata
Published: June 2019

CARTOONS AS A WAY OF COPING WITH REFUGEE TRAUMAThis article aims at presenting the impact of artistic creativity on the mental health of refugees. Several levels of influence have been analysed: neurobiological, narrative, contextual, symbolic, activating, socio-political and ritual. The research question is whether and how the creation of artistic works can be a form of coping with refugee trauma. The data was obtained through the analysis of cartoons and transcribed interviews which have been conducted in 2018 in Norway with an Iranian refugee artist, hosted there within the structure of the ICORN network. The data seems to confirm that art can be an effective form of dealing with refugee trauma, but does not offer a complete solution to all the problems connected with traumatic experience.
Zarys dziejów parafii we Florynce (do 1951 roku)
Authors: Nowak Damian
Published: June 2019

Florynka Parish. Outline of HistoryThe article is a brief outline of the history of the Greek Catholic parish in Florynka. It contains a short history of the village, a description of the parish property and the most important events in the life of the community. It also includes the biographical notes of following priests working in this parish (from the eighteenth century) as well as the Studite monastery.
Czym była tzw. Republika Floryncka?
Authors: Mazur Przemysław
Published: June 2019

What Was the So‑called Florynka Republic? Political Activity of the Lemkos in the Years 1918‑1921 in Political Analysis PerspectiveAfter World War I, there was a chance for self‑ sustaining for many nations. The Lemkos decided to take this opportunity. This phenomenon in the Lemko identity memory has survived under the name of the Florynka Republic. Although the new structure tried to join other countries, the Republic became a symbol of Lemkos’ autonomous aspirations and a manifestation of their identity. The aim of the article is to confront this phenomenon with the political model of the state and verify whether it was a state or not.
Pelvic ring fractures in the elderly
Authors: Küper Markus A. , Trulson Alexander , Stuby Fabian M. , Stöckle Ulrich
Published: June 2019

Pelvic ring fractures are rare injuries in the elderly though the incidence is increasing due to the increasing age of the population. Main goal of treatment is the quickest possible re-mobilization to prevent side-effects of immobilization such as osteopenia, pulmonary infections or thromboembolic events. Isolated anterior pelvic ring fractures are stable injuries and therefore they usually can be treated conservatively, while pelvic ring injuries with involvement of the posterior ring are considered unstable and should undergo surgical stabilization if the patient’s condition allows for it. Conservative treatment includes adequate analgesia, guided mobilization with partial weight bearing if possible and osteoanabolic medication. The appropriate surgical procedure should be discussed in an interdisciplinary round considering patient’s pre-injury condition, anaesthetic and surgical risks.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180062
Subchondral bone remodelling in osteoarthritis
Authors: Donell Simon
Published: June 2019

Subchondral bone remodelling is an integral part of osteoarthritis and involves the development of subchondral sclerosis seen on plain imaging, along with osteophyte formation. The development of these changes is due to persistent abnormal mechanical stresses which create a cellular and biomolecular response to microfractures in the subchondral bone and osteochondral junction. An early sign is bone marrow lesions seen on MRI scanning. Healing can occur at this stage by correcting the abnormal loads. Persistence leads to what is thought to be a delayed union or nonunion response by the bone. Microfractures of the osteochondral junction, coupled with articular cartilage fissuring and loss, allows synovial fluid to penetrate the subchondral bone along with cytokines and other molecules reacting with the bone cells to increase the pathological effects. This review gives an overview of the current thoughts on subchondral bone remodelling in osteoarthritis that is aimed at orthopaedic surgeons to help in the understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and the role of surgical management.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180102
Questões Centrais do Processo de Inovação Social no Brasil
Authors: Leyser Cordeiro Karina
Published: June 2019

A inovação social tem ganhado relevância no cenário internacional acadêmico com o surgimento, nos últimos 20 anos, de diversos grupos de pesquisa (CRISES, RQIS, TRANSIT etc.). Estes grupos têm se dedicado a estudar tanto os aspectos conceituais, referentes ao processo de inovação social, como para observar empiricamente o seu surgimento, barreiras e facilitadores. E no Brasil? O propósito deste artigo é avaliar se as mesmas questões centrais abordadas no exterior se aplicam a nossa realidade. Para tanto, foi realizada uma abordagem qualitativa de coleta e de observação de dados em quatro organizações que apresentaram algum tipo de inovação social no país. Como resultados, são destacadas diferenças significativas entre os casos estudados e as referências bibliográficas, indicando que precisam ser consideradas questões culturais no processo de inovação social, sensibilização e apoio de outros setores da economia, além do estabelecimento de um modelo de negócios claro, que se autossustente financeiramente.
Histórias, Memórias e Futebol Amador: Reflexões e Possibilidades nos Estudos Organizacionais
Authors: Correia Gabriel Farias Alves , Carrieri Alexandre de Pádua
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre as possibilidades de estudo do futebol amador no âmbito da Administração. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão da literatura sobre o pós-estruturalismo, a história e a memória e o futebol amador. Inicialmente, discutimos a fuga da instrumentalização da individualidade e do conhecimento, destacando a contradição e a realidade diversa. Na sequência, refletimos sobre o estudo da história e da memória e as possibilidades de novos olhares sobre saberes e práticas. Ademais, partimos da consideração do futebol amador como produto da cultura popular, repleto de possibilidades, reinvenções e improvisações. Por fim, essas bases permitiram a reflexão sobre as diversas possibilidades no distanciamento da realidade determinada, rompendo com a instrumentalidade do conhecimento, com a objetividade e o binarismo do que deve ser considerado como futebol, caminhando para um olhar que valoriza as fragmentações, rupturas, fissuras e múltiplas possibilidades de representação do real e de exercício da modalidade.
Confiança e Comprometimento como Bases para o Desenvolvimento de Redes
Authors: Vilanova Miguel , Agia Jorge , Silva Zulmira , Giglio Ernesto Michelangelo
Published: June 2019

Neste trabalho se investiga a proposição de que as categorias sociais confiança e comprometimento são as bases para o desenvolvimento das redes, quando se consideram os processos no grupo e os resultados comerciais. Como teoria de base são utilizados os argumentos sociais de imersão, colocando o relacionamento como matriz principal de desenvolvimento das redes. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, de casos múltiplos, com duas redes de pequenos agricultores do Mato Grosso, utilizando indicadores especialmente construídos. Os resultados sustentaram a proposição, existindo correspondência entre confiança, comprometimento e desenvolvimento das redes tanto nos sinais de processos no grupo quanto nos resultados comerciais. O estudo contribui teoricamente para a compreensão dos fatos das redes a partir das relações sociais. A contribuição metodológica consiste na apresentação de uma matriz de indicadores que se mostraram operacionais, abrindo possibilidade de continuidade de pesquisas sobre o tema.
Continuous intraoperative nerve monitoring in thyroidectomy using automatic periodic stimulation in 256 at-risk nerves
Authors: Hamilton N , Morley H , Haywood M , Arman S , Mochloulis G
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Automatic periodic stimulation of the vagal nerve during thyroidectomy provides real-time feedback of recurrent laryngeal nerve function intraoperatively. To assess the validity of this device, the ability of monitoring to predict recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was determined and the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy recorded.

Materials and methods

All thyroidectomies using APS® (Automatic Periodic Stimulation, Medtronic) nerve monitoring were reviewed over a 27-month period. Changes in signal amplitude and latency during thyroidectomy were recorded from saved data. Postoperative fibreoptic laryngoscopy determined the incidence of vocal cord immobility and recovery of nerve function was assessed from follow-up letters.

Results

A total of 256 at-risk nerves were examined (132 hemi- and 62 total thyroidectomies) in cases involving benign and malignant disease. Permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in six (2.3%) lobectomies and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in two lobectomies (< 1%). Sensitivity for detecting postoperative vocal cord immobility was 100% and specificity 85% if the end amplitude was 50% below baseline. The positive predictive value when amplitude was 50% below baseline was 18%. The negative predictive value when amplitude was 50% above or equal to baseline was 100%. Intraoperatively, the amplitude was 50% below baseline more frequently in the vocal cord immobility group (t-test, P < 0.015). No vagal nerve complications occurred.

Conclusion

Whilst the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is comparable to rates in the literature, the incidence of transient palsy is lower than published averages. APS is able to reliably predict recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy based on end amplitude.
LZ based Compression Benchmark on PE Files
Authors: Paróczi Zsombor
Published: June 2019

The key element in runtime compression is the compression algorithm itself, that is used during processing. It has to be small in enough in decompression bytecode size to fit in the final executable, yet have to provide the best possible compression ratio. In our work we benchmark the top LZ based compression methods on Windows PE (both exe and dll) files, and present the results including the decompression overhead and the compression rates.
Phytomedicinal Knowledge and “Official” Sources in Tatev (Armenia)
Authors: Hovsepyan Roman , Stepanyan-Gandilyan Nina , Stollberg Christian
Published: June 2019

Ethnographic investigations in the villages of the Tatev community in southern Armenia reveal the positive attitude of the local community toward “official” sources (e.g., printed books, administrative officials, and people of higher education) on herbal medicine and the belittling of their own traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. Although this may be a global phenomenon, we observe and discuss particular reasons specific to the post-Soviet context as conditioned by politics and propaganda. Nowadays, the local population gather and use a minimum of forty wild plants (ethnotaxa) mostly for nutritional, medicinal, and aromatic (tea and flavoring) purposes. Biological species of the traditionally used medicinal plants of the Tatev community were identified, and preparation methods and purposes of the herbal remedies were recorded. The most frequently and traditionally used medicinal plants of the Tatev community belong to these genera: Mentha, Thymus, Ziziphora, Hypericum, Knautia, Arctium, Plantago, Tanacetum, Rosa, and Sambucus.
Digitalização e higienização da documentação na Divisão de Arquivo do DAP/PRODEGESP-UFSC
Authors: Rosa José da , Bahia Eliana Maria dos santos , Neves Douglas Aguiar das , Paiva William Adão Ferreira
Published: June 2019

Discussões teóricas sobre a informação e suas práticas, fazem parte do universo acadêmico. A Ciência da Informação que abarca a Arquivologia, a Biblioteconomia e a Museologia, abrem um espaço nessa relação com cada área possuindo diferentes características, diálogos, cabendo aos alunos desta área interdisciplinar, conhecerem a natureza dos materiais componentes do acervo do Departamento de Administração de Pessoal, que tem como público-alvo os funcionários ativos, inativos e pensionistas. Cabe também, aplicarem seus conhecimentos na Organização, Digitalização e Higienização da documentação na Divisão de Arquivo, tratarem a vivência entre a teoria e prática, uma vez que possibilita a soma de esforços dentro da UFSC que reconhece a importância da organização da documentação no arquivo institucional e desperta o caminhar do saber fazer. Estudantes passaram nos Concursos Públicos da UFSC e foram atuar na DARQ, observa-se que o trabalho tem gerado a ampliação de atuação na formação dessas áreas. Durante diversos anos foram realizadas atividades de extensão e a partir de 2005, com o currículo novo da Biblioteconomia ocorre a implantação dos Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso. Ao final do artigo, temos os resultados a serem alcançados e esperados
Egodocumentos: os documentos que expressam a personalidade, intimidade e motivações dos titulares de arquivos pessoais
Authors: Britto Augusto César Luiz , Corradi Analaura
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho constitui-se como uma revisão de literatura do tema “egodocumento” tendo como subsídio a historiografia holandesa que originou e aprofundou o termo e as publicações nacionais recentes na área da comunicação, linguística e historiografia. A pesquisa originou-se após a leitura do livro de Camargo; Goulart; (2007) que ao abordarem os Arquivos Pessoais citam os egodocumentos como aqueles documentos onde a intimidade e motivações dos titulares dos arquivos se fazem presente no processo de narrar a sua vida. A falta de um estudo mais abrangente sobre os “egodocumentos”, dentro da perspectiva arquivística, motivou a revisão da literatura principalmente ao que tange a história do termo, os conceitos enunciados e as principais espécies exemplificadas pelos autores que trabalham com o tema. Esse trabalho busca, portanto, contribuir com a literatura arquivística, principalmente para aqueles interessados em Arquivos Pessoais.
Sobre: La condición intelectual. Informe para una academia, de Raúl Rodríguez Freire. Santiago de Chile: Mímesis, 2018.
Authors: Cápona González Daniela
Published: June 2019

Sobre: La condición intelectual. Informe para una academia, de Raúl Rodríguez Freire. Santiago de Chile: Mímesis, 2018.
(Re)Conceptualising Unfree Labour: Local Labour Control Regimes and Constraints on Workers' Freedoms
Authors: Fudge Judy
Published: June 2019

Disputes over the meaning of human trafficking, forced labour and modern slavery have both provoked and coincided with a reinvigorated debate in academic and policy literatures about how to conceptualise unfree labour. This article traces the contours of the debate over free and unfree labour, identifying its key stakes as the debate has developed and paying particular attention to recent interventions. It begins by identifying a problem common to both canonical liberal and Marxian approaches to the free/unfree labour distinction, which is to fetishise the labour market. It then discusses the consensus that is emerging across disciplines and in leading international organisations that labour unfreedom in contemporary capitalism is best conceptualised as a continuum rather than a binary, highlighting recent disciplinary-specific contributions. It argues that the metaphor of a continuum of labour unfreedom obscures more than it illuminates. Drawing upon the growing body of literature that advocates a multifaceted approach to labour unfreedom, this article argues that a robust concept of local labour control regime does a much better job of capturing the complex mix of consent and coercion involved in extracting value from labour power than the idea of a continuum of labour unfreedom.

 KEY WORDS: unfree labour; migration; capitalism; exploitation; labour control
Relevance of Leaflet Prolapse to the Indication Policy for Aortic Valve-Sparing Root Replacement
Authors: Borowski Andreas , Minol Jan-Philipp , Kröpil Patric , Rellecke Philipp , Mehdiani Arash , Dalyanoglu Hannan
Published: June 2019

Background: In aortic root replacement, “preexisting” or “induced” aortic leaflet prolapse is related to advanced aortic root pathology and can indicate valve repair. Efforts should be made to perform root replacement before leaflet prolapse is in its maximum extent.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine patients with chronic aortic root dilatation and aortic valve regurgitation (AR) underwent a reimplantation procedure. Contrary to 32 of the 39 patients (group A), 7 of the 39 patients (group B) underwent cusp plication for prolapse. For both groups, data related to the diameter at the level of maximal tubular extension, sinotubular junction, sinus of Valsalva, aorto-ventricular junction (AVJ), and aortic annulus were obtained from preoperative computed tomography scans and analyzed comparatively.
Results: Group B showed a higher mean AR grade (P = .007), a higher mean diameter at the level of the aortic annulus (P = .038), AVJ (P = .037), and aortic sinus (P <.001) and a higher sinus dilatation index (existing-to-predicted diameter ratio) (P <.001) than group A. The sinus of Valsalva displayed the best predictive value regarding a plicature-indicating prolapse (P <.001; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.809-1.013). A diameter >40 mm was accompanied by an odds ratio (OR) of 24.6 (95% CI: 1.29-496.02).
During the follow-up period of 29.0 ± 18.4 months (range: 6-62 months), 1 patient (group A) required reoperation 5 years postoperatively for progressive AR.
Conclusion: The sinus of Valsalva diameter seems to have the greatest prognostic value for the development of prolapse. Our data suggest that root repair should be considered earlier in time before leaflet prolapse is complete, which most likely occurs when root dilatation becomes an aneurysm.
Differences in Social Skills and Personal Responsibility between Students of High and Youth Schools/Razlike u socijalnim vještinama i osobnoj odgovornosti između učenika srednjih škola i učenika škola za mladež
Authors: Malinauskas Romualdas
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe current study explored two constructs (social skills and personal responsibility) in the context of two different types of schools (high and youth schools), and strives to explain the differences in social skills and personal responsibility between students of high and youth schools. The sample comprised 408 students (203 males, 205 females). The mean age of the students was 16.72 years (SD = 0.96). Students completed measures of social skills (Riggio Social Skills Inventory) and personal responsibility (Personal Responsibility Scale (PRS)). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to investigate how school type and gender affected social skills and dimensions of personal responsibility. Multivariate analysis showed the main effect of the school type and gender on social skills and personal responsibility in students. Univariate analysis indicated that students' social skills and personal responsibility were higher in high schools than in youth schools and in women than in men.Key words: high school; personal responsibility; social skills; students; youth school.---SažetakU ovome istraživanju ispitana su dva konstrukta (socijalne vještine i osobna odgovornost) u kontekstu dviju različitih vrsta škola (srednje škole i škole za mladež) i pokušalo se odgovoriti na pitanje koje razlike postoje između učenika srednjih škola i škola za mladež s obzirom na socijalne vještine i osobnu odgovornost. Uzorak se sastojao od 408 učenika (203 muškog i 205 ženskog spola). Prosječna srednja dob učenika bila je 16,72 godine (SD = 0,96). Učenici su ispunili upitnike o socijalnim vještinama (Riggijev Inventar socijalnih vještina) i osobnoj odgovornosti (Skala osobne odgovornosti). Koristila se multivarijatna analiza varijance (MANOVA) kako bi se ispitalo kako vrsta srednje škole i spol utječu na socijalne vještine i dimenzije osobne odgovornosti. Mutivarijatna analiza pokazala je glavni utjecaj vrste škole i spola na socijalne vještine i osobnu odgovornost kod učenika. Univarijatna analiza pokazala je da su socijalne vještine i osobna odgovornost veći kod učenika u srednjim školama nego kod učenika u školama za mladež, kao i da su veći kod žena nego kod muškaraca.Ključne riječi: srednja škola; osobna odgovornost; socijalne vještine; učenici; škola za mladež
The SiC Single Crystal Growth from Nanomaterial Precursor
Authors: Yamada Yoshimitsu
Published: June 2019

Unlike the conventional layer by layer growth, three dimensional growth experiments of SiC single crystal by the Chemical Particle Deposition (CPD)method were carried out both on the polar and nonpolar plane of the SiC seed crystal. The comparison of the morphology of the grown crystals on both samples indicated that the electric field formed by the seed crystal strongly effected the diffusion of the supplied Si and C atoms and their compounds to grow the epitaxial crystal. In spite of the low ionicity of Si-C bonds, this remarkable effect of the electric field on the three dimensional crystal growth mechanism in the CPD method strongly suggested its contribution to the ordering of the stacked layers with its long working range, beyond the deformed boundary layers between the seed surface and the grown crystal.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM FRONT NHIỆT MẶT BIỂN VÙNG BIỂN ĐÔNG NAM VIỆT NAM
Authors: Tu Tran Anh , Cuong Nguyen Kim , Uu Dinh Van
Published: June 2019

This paper presents an investigation of sea surface temperature front in the Southeast region of Vietnam using daily NOAA satellite images in April (dry season) and September (rainy season) for a period from 1985 to 2009. The method of Cayula and Cornilon (1992) for detecting the thermal front from satellite images was applied to evaluate the characteristics of the sea surface temperature front in the study area. The main features in front distribution, seasonal variations were described, and the relationship between front locations and fresh water discharge from Mekong river was qualitatively analyzed.
ÁP DỤNG MÔ HÌNH SWAN DỰ BÁO TRƯỜNG SÓNG VEN BỜ BIỂN HẢI PHÒNG
Authors: Cuong Le Duc
Published: June 2019

This paper presents some results of studying the SWAN model, and application of SWAN model to simulate wave field representative of the rainy season and dry season in the coastal area of Hai Phong. During the dry season, the dominant wave direction is in a range from 60o to 100o, maximum height of waves near shore is in a range from 1,0 m to 1,5 m with wavelength of about 2,0 m to 5,0 m, maximum height of waves offshore is in a range from 2,0 m to 2,5 m with wavelength of about 6,0 m to 16 m. During the rainy season, wave height near shore is in a range from 0,2 m to 0,6 m, and that offshore is in a range from 0,8 m to 1,4 m, maximum height of waves is about 3,4 m, predominant wave directions in this season are E, SE and S. In this scenario that predicts waves generated by storms, wave height offshore is in a range from 8,0 m to 10 m with wavelength of about 60 m, and that near shore is in a range from 2,0 m to 4,0 m with wavelength of about 10–20 m.
The net greenhouse gas impact of the Jubilee line extension in London, UK
Authors: Saxe Shoshanna , Guthrie Peter
Published: June 2019

As cities work to reduce their total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the transportation sector is lagging, accounting for a growing percentage of total emissions in many cities. The provision of public transit, and specifically urban rail transit, is widely seen as a useful tool for reducing urban transportation GHG emissions. More research, however, is needed to understand the net impact of new metro rail infrastructure on urban emissions and guide efforts to maximise the GHG savings through rail investments. This paper examines the net GHG emissions of the Jubilee line extension (JLE) in London, UK. The GHG emissions associated with construction, operation, ridership and changes in urban density associated with the provision of the new metro rail infrastructure are assessed. These components are then combined and compared to calculate the net GHG impact across the study period, which extends from opening in 1999 through 2011. The capital GHG emissions from construction of the JLE are calculated as 530 kilotonnes carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). The initial mode shift from other rail lines and long-term mode change from automobiles result in yearly GHG savings from riders on the JLE. A quasi-experimental analysis of land-use change near the JLE finds no calculable GHG saving from increased residential density. The GHG payback period is calculated between 13 and 19 years.
Características organizacionais e a utilização da gestão de custos no processo decisório
Authors: Zanin Antonio , Magro Cristian Baú Dal , Mazzioni Sady
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do estudo é verificar os fatores determinantes das práticas de gestão de custos utilizadas no processo decisório de empresas da região Oeste catarinense. O levantamento de dados foi elaborado a partir da aplicação de questionário respondido por gestores de 41 empresas de distintas atividades. A pesquisa descritiva utilizou abordagem quantitativa com o uso dos testes qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis. Os resultados indicaram que o método de custeio variável é o mais utilizado pelas empresas da amostra. O ramo de atividade, forma de tributação e faturamento anual mostraram-se fatores decisivos para a utilização das ferramentas de custos de produção e orçamento. O ramo de atividade mostrou-se um fator decisivo na utilização das informações de custos para formação do preço de venda e na negociação com fornecedores e clientes. O tempo de atividade apontou diferenças sobre a utilização das informações de custos para formação do preço de venda e controle dos gastos. A forma de tributação e o número de funcionários mostraram-se decisivos para a utilização das informações de custos que atendam à legislação fiscal e também na identificação de possíveis gargalos no processo produtivo e nos preços praticados.
Inflation and Deflationary Biases in Inflation Expectations
Authors: Lamla Michael J. , Pfajfar Damjan , Rendell Lea
Published: June 2019

We explore the consequences of losing confidence in the price-stability objective of central banks by quantifying the inflation and deflationary biases in inflation expectations. In a model with an occasionally binding zero-lower-bound constraint, we show that an inflation bias as well as a deflationary bias exist as a steady-state outcome. We assess the predictions of this model using unique individual-level inflation expectations data across nine countries that allow for a direct identification of these biases. Both inflation and deflationary biases are present (and sizable) in inflation expectations of these individuals. Among the euro-area countries in our sample, we can document significant differences in perceptions of the European Central Bank's objectives, despite having a common monetary policy.
Controversias por la administración penitenciaria en Costa Rica, en el contexto del hiperencarcelamiento
Authors: Bedoya Ureña Jesús
Published: June 2019

Los últimos 30 años en Costa Rica han estado marcados por una notable contradicción dentro de la administración de la justicia. Aunque las bases axiológicas del Ministerio de Justicia y Paz –encargado de gestionar las prisiones en el país– están asentadas sobre la normativa de los derechos humanos y el modelo progresivo de la pena, estos valores han sido sistemáticamente contrariados debido a la enfática legislación punitiva, la cual ha propiciado que el país destaque en los últimos años entre los cinco de América Latina con mayor tasa de encarcelamiento. Esa notable paradoja marcó un reciente y amplio debate. Durante el periodo 2015-2018, se tomaron una serie de medidas para atenuar la condición de hiperencarcelamiento, tales como los traslados extraordinarios al modelo semiinstitucional. Dichas acciones fueron percibidas por la opinión pública desde el pánico moral y la reafirmación del castigo. Este artículo retoma esa controversia, como un ámbito de análisis sugerente de aspectos complejos como la propia concepción del Estado, el castigo y la justicia.

 

Abstract

The last thirty years in Costa Rica had been marked by an important contradiction in the aspect of justice administration. Even though the axiological bases of the Ministry of Justice and Peace –institution in charge of the prisons in the country– were raised in the human rights normative and the progressive penalty system, these values have been systematically contradicted due to the emphatic punitive legislation, which has caused the country to stand out in the last years among the five Latin American countries with the higher rate of imprisonment. This notable paradox propitiated a broad debate. Between 2015 and 2018, some measures were implemented to mitigate the condition of hyper-incarceration, like the extraordinary transfers to the semi-institutional (or semi open) model. Such measures were perceived by the public opinion from a moral panic reaction and a vindication of the punishment. This paper recovers that controversy, as a field of analysis suggestive of complex aspects such as the very conception of the State, punishment and justice.
Prisionización: estructura y dinámica del fenómeno en cárceles estatales del sistema penal chileno
Authors: Romero Miranda Luis Alejandro
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo recoge los principales resultados de la investigación cualitativa denominada “Representaciones e implicancias de la prisionización en un grupo de exreclusos del sistema penal chileno”, desarrollada entre noviembre de 2016 y abril de 2018, como parte del plan anual de trabajo del Programa de Investigación y Análisis Delictual de la Universidad La República. La muestra está compuesta por 16 expresidiarios varones de recintos penitenciarios estatales de la región metropolitana y Valparaíso. Como principales hallazgos, los relatos muestran hitos o vivencias recurrentes que permiten plantear una secuencia común en la génesis y estructuración de la prisionización (fases). Esta última está mediada por la trayectoria vital, la adherencia a la normativa institucional/subcultural, la posición de entrada en la jerarquía subcultural y la capacidad del sujeto para moverse o acomodarse dentro de ella.

 

Abstract

This article presents the main results of the qualitative research entitled "Representations and Implications of prisonization in a Group of Former Convicts of the Chilean Criminal System", developed between November 2016 and April 2018, as part of the annual work plan of the Program of Investigation and Delictual Analysis of the Universidad La República. The sample is composed by 16 male ex-convicts from state prisons in the metropolitan region and Valparaíso. As main findings, the interviews show recurring milestones or experiences that allow us to propose a common sequence in the genesis and structuring of prisonization (phases). The latter is mediated by the life trajectory, the adherence to institutional / subcultural norms, the entry position in the subcultural hierarchy and the capacity of the subject to move or settle within it.
How relevant to sub-Saharan Africa is the Kyoto Protocol?
Authors: Sebitosi A B
Published: June 2019

The African Recovery Journal once referred to it as, ‘an opportunity for African countries to attract new financing for their own sustainable development’. It was indeed waited for with much anticipation. In fact, today, it is readily observable that the international Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) market is becoming increasingly dynamic and projected to grow exponentially. However, judging from hard facts on the ground, the reality in sub-Saharan Africa is grim. Moreover, analysts are forecasting a convergence in the market; towards a focus on a few project types in a limited number of host countries. On this scale both, Kenya and Uganda are non-existent as are the rest of their sub-Sahara African compatriots. This paper briefly looks at the history of the CDM and what could have gone wrong for an instrument that had so much promise for subSaharan Africa.
The impact of higher oil prices on Southern African countries
Authors: Nkomo JC
Published: June 2019

In determining the magnitude of oil shocks to the economies of Southern Africa, it is essential that we examine the various components of vulnerability, as well as the crude oil price movements and the relationship between energy and development. Because energy consumers and producers are constrained by their energy consuming appliances which are fixed n the short-run, thus making it difficult to shift to less oil intensive means of production in response to higher oil prices, oil price shocks increase the total import bill for a country largely because of the huge increase in the cost of oil and petroleum products. Low-income countries and poorer households tend to suffer the largest impact from oil price rise
The cooling effect by an adsorption-desorption refrigeration cycle
Authors: Halder G. , Sarkar S.C.
Published: June 2019

An experiment has been carried out utilizing the activated carbon granules as an adsorbent indige-nously developed from coconut shell and carbon dioxide gas as an adsorbate in a small experimental chamber, specially designed for this purpose. Adsorption followed by removal of heat of adsorp-tion and subsequent desorption produces refrigera-tion. After a few cycles in the chamber, tempera-tures drop from 304 K to 282.5 K. Therefore, con-tinuous production of refrigeration could be achieved by a suitable mechanism. The paper describes the details of the design and fabrication of the experimental chamber, the experimental proce-dure and discusses the results obtained to assess its feasibility towards development of an alternative eco friendly refrigeration cycle for replacement of chlorofluorocarbons.
Life cycle energy analysis of environmental management reports in the Japanese automotive industry: Learning from the Japanese experience
Authors: Mbohwa C.
Published: June 2019

This paper discusses the assessment and compari-son of the life cycle energy impacts of paper-based and electronic environmental reports in the Japanese automotive industry. By January 2007, there were 129 031 ISO 14001 certified organisa-tions and an additional 5389 certified to the European eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS). Energy use and the environmental bur-dens of environmental reporting by these compa-nies, has grown and can no longer be ignored. Electronic systems are often portrayed as being more environmentally beneficial than traditional ones, for environmental reporting. However there are no known assessment methodologies that address this subject. This paper therefore creates a framework for analysing the two systems. Energy consumption models are developed within a life cycle assessment (LCA) framework and applied to the traditional and electronic systems respectively. A postal system model is developed for energy con-sumption in traditional mail distribution in Japan under six different scenarios. Data gaps in the Japanese automotive industry are compensated for by the use of justified assumption and sensitivity analysis of the variables concerned. Simulation results are analysed and some decision issues deci-phered. A comparative analysis of electronic and traditional environmental reports identifies the nec-essary preconditions for reducing environmental burdens of the overall environmental management system (EMS).
Uncertainties within South Africa’s goal of universal access to electricity by 2012
Authors: Bekker B. , Gaunt C.T. , Eberhard A. , Marquard A.
Published: June 2019

The South African President in 2004 stated the pol-icy goal of universal access to electricity by 2012. This goal requires a significant adjustment of annu-al connection targets and electrification budgets, based on accurate knowledge of the number of electrified and non-electrified households in South Africa. Published data on the state of electrification, however, varies widely, with reported proportions of households electrified in 2005 varying from 57% to 80%. In addition, apparent discrepancies of tens of thousands of connections exist between annual new connection rates reported in different official publi-cations. Different definitions of Universal Access fur-ther impact strategic planning. This paper explores these uncertainties in relation to South Africa’s goal of Universal Access by 2012 by focusing on the availability and accuracy of South African electrifi-cation data, and the definitions, targets and electrifi-cation budgets associated with Universal Access.
A system methodology for an energy planning model and renewable energy technologies for agriculture in Nigeria
Authors: Njoku P.C.
Published: June 2019

This paper analyses the system methodology of an energy planning model and renewable energy tech-nology for agricultural operations in Nigeria. The study applies an energy building scenarios approach and with a computer software FORTRAN regression method. Agricultural productivity and value added depend very much on certain factors such as the area of the land under cultivation, extent of multiple cropping, the choice of crop, use of high yielding varieties, use of organic and inorganic fer-tilizers, the coverage of surface and ground water irrigation schemes, and the extent of mechanization for land preparation.
A car air-conditioning system based on an absorption refrigeration cycle using energy from exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
Authors: Vicatos G. , Gryzagoridis J. , Wang S.
Published: June 2019

Energy from the exhaust gas of an internal combus-tion engine is used to power an absorption refriger-ation system to air-condition an ordinary passenger car. The theoretical design is verified by a unit that is tested under both laboratory and road-test condi-tions. For the latter, the unit is installed in a Nissan 1400 truck and the results indicate a successful pro-totype and encouraging prospects for future devel-opment.
The impacts of climate change on food security and health in Southern Africa
Authors: Wlokas H.L.
Published: June 2019

Climate change will have a great impact on Southern Africa according to the IPCC. Two closely related topics, food security and health will be affected by the changes in many ways. Difficulties in transporting food through carbon regulations in air-freight, changing conditions for growing food crops and negative impacts on fishery might occur and will very possible lead to an increase in malnutrition in the region. Changes of the climate will also have an effect on the way illnesses are transmitted and cause a number of extreme weather events which can have an extremely damaging consequence on human living. Two main efforts are being work on in terms of dealing with these concerns. At the inter-national, regional and national levels, adaptation and mitigation action is being planned and imple-mented. Activities at each level are discussed and I argue this in this  paper that currently the most effi-cient way of dealing with the existing and future burdens of climate change impacts are activities at a national level, and enhanced effort has to be made to improve regional and international collaboration in addressing these issues.
El Archivo como Práctica Autobiográfica
Authors: Aguilar Moreno Marta
Published: June 2019

El Encuentro Internacional de Libro Arte PURE PRINT Madrid. Book Art Edition 2017, tuvo lugar en Madrid del 24 al 28 de abril de 2017. Con este motivo fueron invitadas a participar docentes grabadoras de diferentes instituciones de enseñanza superior para pensar conjuntamente un Libro Arte colaborativo.
Determination Of The Content Of Hf In Zirconium Alloys With Using A Wide Band X-Ray Emission Filter
Authors: Omelnyk O.P. , Levenets V.V. , Lonin A.Yu. , Shevchenko I.V. , Shchur A.O.
Published: June 2019

The possibilities of a non-destructive method of determination of the content of hafnium in zirconium alloys are studied. The method is based on excitation of the characteristic X-ray emission of the atoms of the object of interest, including the L-series of atom of Hf, by external beam of protons accelerated up to 2 MeV. The excited emission is modified by a wide band X-ray emission filter, which is made from pyrolytic graphite plates and measured by a Si-PIN detector. Optimal conditions for measurement of analytical signal were determined after experimental studying. It was shown that under the selected experimental conditions and the measurement time of 10 minutes, the detection limit of Hf in the zirconium matrix is equal 20 ppm. The ways for improving of the metrological characteristics of the technique in the presence of interfering elements are proposed. The content of hafnium and uniformity of its distribution in the cladding of nuclear fuel rod made from the alloy Zr1% Nb was determined.
4-Amino-Benzo[F]Isoindole-1,3-Dione Derivatives As Turn-On Fluorescent Indicators For Water Determination In Acetonitrile
Authors: Linnik R. , Levkov I. , Chemnyi A. , Radchenko O. , Voitenko Z. , Zaporozhets O.
Published: June 2019

4-Amino-9-(2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-phenyl-3-yl)-1-phenyl-benzo[f]isoindole-1,3-dione (1) and 4-amino-9-(2,5- dioxo-1-(4-methylphenyl)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-benzo[f]isoindole-1,3-dione (2) were studied as fluorescent indicators for water determination in acetonitrile. The intensity of fluorescence of these compounds in acetonitrile solutions increases in presence of water along with red shift of the emission peak. Intensity-based and wavelength-based procedures of water determination in acetonitrile are suggested with detection limit of 0.2 % (v/v) H2O in both cases. The linear response covers a concentration range of 0.2–20 % (v/v). The relative standard deviation at 1 % (v/v) water content is 0.20. The interferences of acetic acid, ammonia and metal ions have been studied. Ammonia and acetic acid don’t interfere with the determination of water by wavelength-based fluorescence technique. In intensity-based mode the determination of water is possible at concentration of these impurities up to 0.25 and 0.02 mol·L -1, respectively. Cu(II) ions have almost no effect on fluorescence of indicators up to 1·10 -5 mol·L -1 ; Zn (II) ions enhance fluorescence of 1 at concentration ≥ 5·10-6 mol·L-1 . The 4-amino-benzo[f]- isoindole-1,3-dione-based fluorescent indicators are pH-insensitive.
Media relations wybranych bibliotek toruńskich. Cele, narzędzia i plany rozwoju
Authors: Cyrklaff-Gorczyca Magdalena
Published: June 2019

Budowanie pozytywnego wizerunku biblioteki w środowisku lokalnym wymaga znajomości i systematycznego wdrażania elementów public relations. Jednym z etapów tego działania są media relations, czyli utrzymywanie dobrych stosunków z przedstawicielami mediów, co może wpływać pozytywnie na odbiór organizacji w otoczeniu społecznym. W artykule przedstawiono analizę działań w ramach media relations trzech największych toruńskich bibliotek: Biblioteki Pedagogicznej im. gen. bryg. prof. Elżbiety Zawackiej, Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika oraz Wojewódzkiej Biblioteki Publicznej – Książnicy Kopernikańskiej. Wykorzystano do tego metodę sondażu diagnostycznego oraz analizę treści stron internetowych badanych bibliotek. Biblioteka uniwersytecka i publiczna są dobrze przygotowane i prężnie działają w zakresie promocji, jednak utożsamiają to pojęcie z public relations i nie rozdzielają tych zagadnień w praktyce, natomiast biblioteka pedagogiczna nie ma sekcji ds. promocji i PR , ale zadanie utrzymywania kontaktu z mediami należy do jednego z pracowników. Żadna z bibliotek nie wykorzystuje w pełni możliwości, jakie daje posiadanie strony internetowej.