bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a participatory ergonomics intervention in small commercial construction firms
Authors: Dale Ann Marie , Jaegers Lisa , Welch Laura , Gardner Bethany T. , Buchholz Bryan , Weaver Nancy , Evanoff Bradley A.
Published: April 2016

Background

Work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among construction workers remain high. Participatory ergonomics (PE) interventions that engage workers and employers in reducing work injury risks have shown mixed results.

Methods

Eight‐six workers from seven contractors participated in a PE program. A logic model guided the process evaluation and summative evaluation of short‐term and intermediate impacts and long‐term outcomes from surveys and field records.

Results

Process measures showed good delivery of training, high worker engagement, and low contractor participation. Workers’ knowledge improved and workers reported changes to work practices and tools used; contractor provision of appropriate equipment was low (33%). No changes were seen in symptoms or reported physical effort.

Conclusions

The PE program produced many worker‐identified ergonomic solutions, but lacked needed support from contractors. Future interventions should engage higher levels of the construction organizational system to improve contractor involvement for reducing WMSD. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:465–475, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Police officers who responded to 9/11: Comorbidity of PTSD, depression, and anxiety 10–11 years later
Authors: Bowler Rosemarie M. , Kornblith Erica S. , Li Jiehui , Adams Shane W. , Gocheva Vihra V. , Schwarzer Ralf , Cone James E.
Published: April 2016

Background

After the 9/11/2001 World Trade Center (WTC) attack, many police‐responders developed PTSD and might be vulnerable to develop depression and/or anxiety. Comorbidity of PTSD, depression, and/or anxiety is examined.

Method

Police enrollees (N = 1,884) from the WTC Health Registry were categorized into four groups based on comorbidity of PTSD, depression, and anxiety. DSM‐IV diagnostic criteria for PTSD were used. Depression (PHQ‐8) and anxiety (GAD‐7) were assessed with standardized psychometric inventories. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify putative risk factors associated with comorbidity of PTSD.

Results

Of 243 (12.9% of total) police with probable PTSD, 21.8% had probable PTSD without comorbidity, 24.7% had depression, 5.8% had anxiety, and 47.7% had comorbid depression and anxiety. Risk factors for comorbid PTSD, depression, and anxiety include being Hispanic, decrease in income, experiencing physical injury on 9/11, experiencing stressful/traumatic events since 9/11, and being unemployed/retired.

Conclusion

Nearly half of police with probable PTSD had comorbid depression and anxiety. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:425–436, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interstitial deletion of 7q22.1q31.1 in a boy with structural brain abnormality, cardiac defect, developmental delay, and dysmorphic features
Authors: Katz Olivia L. , Krantz Ian D. , Noon Sarah E.
Published: April 2016

This report describes a male child with a history of poor feeding and swallowing problems, hypotonia, mild bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, cerebral cortical agenesis, cardiac defects, cyanotic episodes triggered by specific movement, dysmorphic features, and developmental delays. Analysis by CytoScan HD array identified a 12.1 Mb interstitial deletion of 7q22.1q31.1 (98,779,628–110,868,171). We present a comprehensive review of the literature surrounding intermediate 7q deletions that overlap with this child's deletion, and an analysis of candidate genes in the deleted region. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Drosophila melanogaster model for Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Implications for etiology and therapeutics
Authors: Dorsett Dale
Published: April 2016

Discovery of genetic alterations that cause human birth defects provide key opportunities to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and family counseling. Frequently, however, these opportunities are limited by the lack of knowledge about the normal functions of the affected genes. In many cases, there is more information about the gene's orthologs in model organisms, including Drosophila melanogaster. Despite almost a billion years of evolutionary divergence, over three‐quarters of genes linked to human diseases have Drosophila homologs. With a short generation time, a twenty‐fold smaller genome, and unique genetic tools, the conserved functions of genes are often more easily elucidated in Drosophila than in other organisms. Here we present how this applies to Cornelia de Lange syndrome, as a model for how Drosophila can be used to increase understanding of genetic syndromes caused by mutations with broad effects on gene transcription and exploited to develop novel therapies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lactamization of sp2 C−H Bonds with CO2: Transition‐Metal‐Free and Redox‐Neutral
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Liao Li‐Li , Yan Si‐Shun , Wang Lei , He Yun‐Qi , Ye Jian‐Heng , Li Jing , Zhi Yong‐Gang , Yu Da‐Gang
Published: April 2016

The first direct use of carbon dioxide in the lactamization of alkenyl and heteroaryl C−H bonds to synthesize important 2‐quinolinones and polyheterocycles in moderate to excellent yields is reported. Carbon dioxide, a nontoxic, inexpensive, and readily available greenhouse gas, acts as an ideal carbonyl source. Importantly, this transition‐metal‐free and redox‐neutral process is eco‐friendly and desirable for the pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, these reactions feature a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, facile scalability, and easy product derivatization.
The 2‐Arsaethynolate Anion: Synthesis and Reactivity Towards Heteroallenes
Authors: Hinz Alexander , Goicoechea Jose M.
Published: April 2016

The synthesis and isolation of the 2‐arsaethynolate anion, AsCO−, and its subsequent reactivity towards heteroallenes is reported. Reactions with ketenes and carbodiimides afford four‐membered anionic heterocycles in formal [2+2] cycloaddition reactions. By contrast, reaction with an isocyanate yielded a 1,4,2‐diazaarsolidine‐3,5‐dionide anion and the unprecedented cluster anions As102− and As124−. These preliminary reactivity studies hint at the enormous potential synthetic utility of this novel anion, which may be employed as an arsenide (As−) source.
Embedded macroporous elastomers by hydrostatic fracturing for flexible strain‐sensor applications
Authors: Phanishwar Kumar , Perween Shama , Saurakhiya Neelam , Ranjan Amit
Published: April 2016

A method is proposed for fabricating flexible materials embedded with macroporous regions by inducing fractures under point loading. Possible use of these structures in strain sensing is demonstrated. Injecting air at high pressure through a needle‐tip generates 3‐dimensional fractures in homogeneously crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) media, whereas a 2‐dimensional planar fracture is generated in a sandwich‐like structure wherein a softer layer is bounded by two stiffer layers. Size‐dependence of 3‐dimensional fractures on stiffness of the media which is controlled by the crosslinker concentration shows a maximum, suggesting an optimal stiffness for generating largest fracture. The size of the 2‐dimensional fractures (∼5 cm) generated inside the sandwiched layer is huge as compared to the 3‐dimensional fractures (∼1 mm) under the similar conditions. Two dimensional fractured surfaces show ridges with feature length monotonically becoming smaller with stiffness. Embedded rough planar domains are created by introducing 2‐dimensional fractures at distances close enough to overlap. Using this method an embedded 2‐dimensional porous domain of polyaniline nanostructures is realized in flexible PDMS matrix. An Ohmic nature of these embedded polyaniline domains with an ability to change resistance under compression establishes their suitability for developing inexpensive and flexible strain sensors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 43681.
Crystallization, mechanical, and fracture behavior of mullite fiber‐reinforced polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors: Vengatesan Muthukumaraswamy Ranagraj , Singh Swati , Pillai Vishnu V. , Mittal Vikas
Published: April 2016

This study describes the reinforcement effect of surface modified mullite fibers on the crystallization, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP). The nanocomposites were developed using polypropylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) as compatibilizer with different weight ratios (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 wt %) of amine functionalized mullite fibers (AMUF) via solution blending method. Chemical grafting of AMUF with PP‐g‐MA resulted in enhanced filler dispersion in the polymer as well as effective filler‐polymer interactions. The dispersion of nanofiller in the polymer matrix was identified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) elemental mapping and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. AMUF increased the Young's modulus of PP in the nanocomposites up to a 5 wt % filler content, however, at 10 wt % loading, a decrease in the modulus resulted due to agglomeration of AMUF. The impact strength of PP increased simultaneously with the modulus as a function of AMUF content (up to 5 wt %). The mechanical properties of PP‐AMUF nanocomposites exhibited improved thermal performance as compared to pure PP matrix, thus, confirming the overall potential of the generated composites for a variety of structural applications. The mechanical properties of 5 wt % of AMUF filled PP nanocomposite were also compared with PP nanocomposites generated with unmodified MUF and the results confirmed superior mechanical properties on incorporation of modified filler. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43725.
The integration of brain dissection within the medical neuroscience laboratory enhances learning
Authors: Rae Guenevere , Cork R. John , Karpinski Aryn C. , Swartz William J.
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this study was to design a one‐hour brain dissection protocol for a medical neuroscience course and evaluate the short and long‐term effects of its implementation on medical students. First‐year medical students (n = 166) participated in a brain dissection activity that included dissection of the basal nuclei and associated deep brain structures. Short‐term retention was assessed by administering identical pre‐ and post‐activity tests involving identification of brain structures. Following the brain dissection, the students' posttest scores were significantly higher (68.8% ± 17.8%; mean percent score ± SD) than their pretest scores (35.8% ± 20.0%) (P ≤ 0.0001). Long‐term retention was evaluated by conducting an identical assessment five months after completion of the course. Students who participated in the dissection activity (n = 80) had significantly higher scores (46.6% ± 23.8%) than the students who did not participate in the dissection activity (n = 85) (38.1% ± 23.9%) (P ≤ 0.05). In addition to the long‐term retention assessment, the NBME® Subject Examination scores of students who participated in the dissection activity were significantly higher than the students who did not participate in the dissection activity (P ≤ 0.01). Results suggest that this succinct brain dissection activity may be a practical addition to an undergraduate medical neuroscience course for increasing the effectiveness of neuroanatomy training. This effect may have long‐term benefits on knowledge retention and may be correlated with higher performance levels on standardized subject examinations. Anat Sci Educ 9: 565–574. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.
Tropical cyclogenesis associated with four types of winter monsoon circulation over the South China Sea
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Ronghui , Wu Renguang
Published: April 2016

In boreal winter during the period 1958–2013, more than two third of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the South China Sea (SCS) is found to occur in specific atmospheric environmental fields associated with four types of East Asian winter monsoon circulation which are named the monsoon gyre (MG), the easterly, the reverse‐oriented monsoon trough (RMT), and the monsoon confluence (MC), respectively. The first two types account for about 80% of TC geneses. Before TC formation over the SCS, lower‐level positive relative vorticity and humidity anomalies are accompanied by mid‐troposphere ascent and upper‐level divergence anomalies, which are favorable for TC genesis. These anomalies are the most significant in the MG type. Moreover, the eddy kinetic energy (EKE) growth from the barotropic energy conversion contributes beneficially to the evolving of incipient disturbances to a TC over the SCS. In all four types, the meridional wind convergence and the zonal wind shear play an important role in the EKE growth.
On the conditional in‐control ARL of a CUSUM statistic
Authors: Jeske Daniel R.
Published: April 2016

Reference samples are frequently used to estimate in‐control parameters, which are then used as the true in‐control parameters during the monitoring phase of Statistical Process Control (SPC) applications. The SPC literature has recognized that even small errors in parameter estimates determined from reference samples can have a large impact on the conditional (given the values of the estimated parameters) in‐control average run length. However, there is little quantitative guidance on how large the reference sample should be to minimize this impact. In this paper, under the context of a recently developed Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) designed to detect translations in exponential distributions, a reference sample size formula for controlling relative error of the conditional in‐control average run length is derived. The result in this paper is a stepping stone for reference sample size formulas in more general settings. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation process for production of a therapeutic recombinant protein using a multivariate Bayesian approach
Authors: Fu Zhibiao , Baker Daniel , Cheng Aili , Leighton Julie , Appelbaum Edward , Aon Juan
Published: April 2016

The principle of quality by design (QbD) has been widely applied to biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Process characterization is an essential step to implement the QbD concept to establish the design space and to define the proven acceptable ranges (PAR) for critical process parameters (CPPs). In this study, we present characterization of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation process using risk assessment analysis, statistical design of experiments (DoE), and the multivariate Bayesian predictive approach. The critical quality attributes (CQAs) and CPPs were identified with a risk assessment. The statistical model for each attribute was established using the results from the DoE study with consideration given to interactions between CPPs. Both the conventional overlapping contour plot and the multivariate Bayesian predictive approaches were used to establish the region of process operating conditions where all attributes met their specifications simultaneously. The quantitative Bayesian predictive approach was chosen to define the PARs for the CPPs, which apply to the manufacturing control strategy. Experience from the 10,000 L manufacturing scale process validation, including 64 continued process verification batches, indicates that the CPPs remain under a state of control and within the established PARs. The end product quality attributes were within their drug substance specifications. The probability generated with the Bayesian approach was also used as a tool to assess CPP deviations. This approach can be extended to develop other production process characterization and quantify a reliable operating region. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:799–812, 2016
A web‐based educational software for structural dynamics
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Christos G. , Manolis George D.
Published: April 2016

In this work, we present a web‐based educational package for teaching structural dynamics, as well as for providing an easily accessible on‐line tool for interactive experimentation that is useful for both undergraduate and graduate training. Current version of the package comprises five software modules, namely (1) response history analysis of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom system, (2) modal analysis and time history analysis of a single‐storey space frame, (3) modal analysis and time history analysis of planar frames up to three stories in height, (4) generation of response spectra from ground acceleration signals, and (5) generation of synthetic ground motions for layered soil formations. These second‐generation software moduli are now freely available over the internet and were derived from a previously developed educational package that has been used over the past 5 years as a virtual laboratory for teaching structural dynamics fundamentals to civil engineering undergraduates. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 24:599–614, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21735
How consumers respond to missing a quantity discount with multiple price breaks
Authors: Huang Wen‐Hsien
Published: April 2016

This study investigates how consumers evaluate and respond to different discount schemes (i.e., one versus multiple price breaks) in the wake of a missed quantity discount. Two field experiments are conducted. The results demonstrate that promotions with multiple price breaks (e.g., 2 for 30% off and 3 for 40% off) will result in a higher likelihood of purchasing one item at the regular price than promotions with only a single price break (e.g., 2 for 30% off) when a quantity discount is missed. The results of Experiment 2 reveal that increasing the number of price breaks (i.e., from two to three) can strengthen the assimilation of the advertised regular price into consumers' internal reference price range when there is a greater interval between the two price breaks (e.g., 2 for 30% off, 5 for 40% off, and 8 for 50% off) and that subsequently raises consumers' purchase likelihood if they are not able to take advantage of the promotional price. Finally, the effect of the discount scheme on purchase likelihood is shown to be mediated by the internal reference price. These observations have important implications for retailers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strongly Coupled Architectures of Cobalt Phosphide Nanoparticles Assembled on Graphene as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Huang Huawei , Yu Chang , Yang Juan , Zhao Changtai , Han Xiaotong , Liu Zhibin , Qiu Jieshan
Published: April 2016

The front cover artwork is provided by Jieshan Qiu, Chang Yu, and co‐workers, Dalian University of Technology (China). The work reports a novel approach to fabricate bifunctional electrocatalysts for full water splitting by anchoring the cobalt phosphide nanoparticles with enriched active sites onto conductive graphene matrix. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201600001.
ChemInform Abstract: SILICON DIOXIDE AS MASKING FILM IN ALKALINE ETCHING
Authors: BARYCKA I. , TETERYCZ H.
Published: April 2016

Mit dem Ziel, die billige NaOH als Substitut für organische Basen zum Ätzen von Si zu verwenden, wird die Ätzbeständigkeit von 0.5 ‐1 .3 um dicken SiOz‐Filmen gegen 30 Gew.‐proz. NaOH im Temp.‐ Bereich 350‐375 K untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES ON PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE. III. THE PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE‐TELLURIUM TETRACHLORIDE SYSTEM
Authors: BROCKNER W. , DEMIRAY A. F.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Raman‐Spektren von festen und geschmolzenen PCl5‐TeCl4‐Mischungen folgt: Die feste l :l‐Mischung enthält die Verbindung nPClZ(TeC15′)n, während in den Schmelzen verschiedene Abbaugleichgewichte zwischen (TeCl; )n, TeClä′ und niedriger geladenen Einheiten vorliegen.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOCHEMISTRY OF HALOGENSILANES. PART VIII. THERMODYNAMICS OF THE SILICON‐CHLORINE‐HYDROGEN SYSTEM
Authors: WOLF E. , TEICHMANN R.
Published: April 2016

Es werden experimentelle Untersuchungen des Reaktionsgleichgewichts Azwischen 800 und 1 140 K sowie des Gleichgewichts Bzwischen 1 170 und 1540 K nach der statischen und dynamischen Methode durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: GLASS FORMATION AND PROPERTIES OF CHALCOGENIDE SYSTEMS. PART XIX. GLASS FORMATION OF MERCURY(II) SELENIDE WITH GERMANIUM SELENIDES
Authors: FELTZ A. , BURCKHARDT W.
Published: April 2016

Im System HgSe‐GeSe‐GeS2 existiert ein ausgedehnter Glasbildungsbereich.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF SOME OXOVANADIUM(IV) COMPOUNDS
Authors: COLLISON D. , GAHAN B. , GARNER C. D. , MABBS F. E.
Published: April 2016

Elektronische Absorptionspektren einiger Oxovanadium(IV)‐Verbindungen.
ChemInform Abstract: PRODUCTION OF A FLUORESCENT CONJUGATE ACID OF 8‐METHOXYPSORALEN AND AN UNUSUAL MECHANISM FOR ITS NONRADIATIVE DECAY
Authors: BHATTACHARJEE H. R. , MENGER E. L. , HAMMOND G. S.
Published: April 2016

Die Fluoreszenz der Titelverbindung wird in Lösungen mittlerer Acidität gelöscht.
ChemInform Abstract: LITHIUM AND SODIUM 2,6‐DI‐TERT‐BUTYLPHENOXIDES AND THE CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF (LI(OC6H2ME‐4‐BUT2‐2,6)(OET2))2
Authors: CETINKAYA B. , GUEMRUEKCUE I. + , LAPPERT M. F. , ATWOOD J. L. , SHAKIR R.
Published: April 2016

Durch Reaktion der in Ether aufgelösten Phenole mit Butyllithium bzw. Na in Ether werden die Phenoxide (I) erhalten, deren NMR‐Daten angegeben sind.
ChemInform Abstract: BIVALENT GERMANIUM, TIN, AND LEAD 2,6‐DI‐TERT‐BUTYLPHENOXIDES AND THE CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURES OF M(OC6H2ME‐4‐BUT2‐2,6)2 (M = GE OR SN)
Authors: CETINKAYA B. , GUEMRUEKCUE I. + , LAPPERT M. F. , ATWOOD J. L. , ROGERS R. D. , ZAWOROTKO M. J.
Published: April 2016

Durch Phenoxid‐Transfer bei der Reaktion von Metall(II)‐halogeniden mit entsprechenden Li‐phenoxiden (I) bzw. durch Reaktion der Phenole (IV) mit den Amidverbindungen (III) werden die monomeren, zweifach koordinierten Verbindungen (II) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF BIS‐μ‐DIORGANOSILANEDIYL‐AF‐DIHYDRIDOBIS(TRIORGANOPHOSPHINE)DIPLATINUM COMPLEXES: CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTRE OF ((PTH(μ‐SIME2)(P(C6H11)3))2)
Authors: AUBURN M. , CIRIANO M. , HOWARD J. A. K. , MURRAY M. , PUGH N. J. , SPENCER J. L. , STONE F. G. A. , WOODWARD P.
Published: April 2016

Das hydridverbrückte Pt(II)‐Dimere (I) zersetzt sich in siedendem Hexan unter Bildung von 10% des Silylen‐verbrückten Hydridophosphin‐Komplexes (IIa) mit H‐ Brücken zwischen den Si‐ und Pt‐Atomen.
ChemInform Abstract: HOST‐GUEST COMPLEXATION. 22. RECIPROCAL CHIRAL RECOGNITION BETWEEN AMINO ACIDS AND DILOCULAR SYSTEMS
Authors: PEACOCK S. S. , WALBA D. M. , GAETA F. C. A. , HELGESON R. C. , CRAM D. J.
Published: April 2016

Lösungen des makrocyclischen Ethers (Ib) in CHCl3 bilden mit wäßrigem D‐ bzw. L‐Phenylglycin (S,S)(L)‐ bzw.(R,R)(D)‐Komplexe, die mit Ausbeuten von 52 bzw. 80% als nahezu optisch reine Verbindungen vorliegen.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESES OF ALCOHOLS. IV. CONFORMATIONAL FACTORS DETERMINING G THE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE ALLYL SULFOXIDE‐ALLYL SULFENATE REARRANGEMENT
Authors: HOFFMANN R. W. , GERLACH R. , GOLDMANN S.
Published: April 2016

Aus der Stereochemie der [23] sigmatropen Umlagerung der konformativ fixierten Allylsulfoxide (II) kann man eine 6.2fache Präferenz für eine axiale Neuknüpfung der C‐O‐Bindung ableiten, die über eine 3.1fache Präferenz für einen exo‐Übergangszustand dominiert.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISM OF β‐PEROXYLACTONE DECARBOXYLATION
Authors: ADAM W. , CUETO O. , GUEDES L. N.
Published: April 2016

Die Pyrolyse des Peroxylactons (II) in Cyclohexan ergibt ausschließlich das Pinakolon (I); wird chemische Energieübertragung bei 60°C und in Gegenwart von 1,2‐Dioxetan angewendet, so ist das Oxiran (III) das einzige Produkt (Ausb. 97%).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS VIA ENAMINES. PART 8. ACID‐CATALYZED TRANSFORMATIONS IN 4,4,6‐TRIMETHYL‐1,4‐DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE‐2(3H)‐THIONE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: SINGH H. , SINGH P.
Published: April 2016

Die 1‐substituierten Trimethyldihydropyrimidinthione (I) liefern beim Erhitzen mit l IM HCl auf 100‐110°C die Thiazine (II) und die Thioharnstoffe (III) [letztere wurden nicht isoliert]; bei Durchführung der Reaktion bei 95‐100°C entstehen Dimroth‐Umlagerungsprodukte, wie z.B. (V) aus (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: GENERATION OF A M‐XYLYLENE DERIVATIVE AND FORMATION OF A 2,2‐METACYCLOPHANE
Authors: GAJEWSKI J. J. , CHANG M. J. , STANG P. J. , FISK T. E.
Published: April 2016

Die durch KF induzierte Addition des Silyltri?ats (II) an das Fulven (I) in THF oder CCl4 liefert das Metacyclophan (III).
ChemInform Abstract: RADICAL ARYLATION OF THIOAMIDES
Authors: KANDROR I. I. , BRAGINA I. O. , FREIDLINA R. KH.
Published: April 2016

Läßt man auf Thio‐benzanilid (I) in Aceton eine Verbindung einwirken, die ein Phenyl‐Radikal (II) zu liefern vermag, so erhält man beim Stehen über Nacht über die Radikal‐Verbindung (III) das S‐Phenyl‐N‐aryl‐thiobenzimid (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIUM(0)‐CATALYZED REACTION OF α,β‐EPOXY KETONES LEADING TO β‐DIKETONES
Authors: SUZUKI M. , WATANABE A. , NOYORI R.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelreaktion der Epoxyketone (I) bzw. (III) führt zu den Produkten (II) bzw. (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: α‐BROMOALKYLIDES IN TRISUBSTITUTED OLEFIN SYNTHESIS. REGIOSPECIFIC ENTRY TO 4‐BROMO‐1,4‐DIENES
Authors: SMITHERS R. H.
Published: April 2016

Das Ylid (I) reagiert mit den Bromiden (II) zu Phosphoniumbromiden, die mit n‐Butyllithium zu den bromierten Yliden (III) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICALLY DIRECTED SYNTHESIS AND SOME PROPERTIES OF FUNCTIONAL DERIVATIVES OF 1,3‐DIENE HYDROCARBONS AND SILICON HYDROCARBONS
Authors: NESTEROV N. I. , BELYAEV N. N. , STADNICHUK M. D. , MINGALEVA K. S. , SIGOLAEV YU. F.
Published: April 2016

Der E‐Aldehyd (I) reagiert in einer Wittig‐ oder Hornerreaktion weitgehend selektiv mit Phosphoranen (II) oder Phosphonaten (IV) zum Ethylester der E,E‐6,6‐Dimethyl‐2,4‐ heptadiensäure (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SOME DERIVATIVES OF DIHYDRO‐ AND TETRAHYDROBENZOCYCLOHEPTENONES. PART I. NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION TO 1,4‐DIMETHOXY‐6,7,8,9‐TETRAHYDRO‐(5H)‐BENZOCYCLOHEPTENE‐5,9‐DIONE
Authors: KOTKOWSKA‐MACHNIK Z. , JAWORSKA M. , ZAKRZEWSKI J.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktionen der Benzocycloheptenone (I) mit einem Überschuß an K‐tetrahydridoborat oder den entsprechenden Grignardreagenzien mit anschließender Hydrolyse führen zu den 5‐Hydroxy‐5,9‐epoxy‐benzocyclohepten‐Derivaten (II), die sich in Lösung zum Teil zu (III) umlagern.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF TRIFLUOROMETHYL HYPOFLUORITE WITH N‐SUBSTITUTED AZIRIDINES
Authors: SEGUIN M. , ADENIS J. C. , MICHAUD C. , BASSELIER J. J.
Published: April 2016

Trifluormethylhypofluorid (II) lagert sich unter Ringöffnung an Aziridine (I) an.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF AROMATIC DIISOCYANATES BY CARBONYLATION OF DINITRO COMPOUNDS WITH CARBON MONOXIDE USING PALLADIUM CATALYSTS
Authors: MANOV‐YUVENSKII V. I. , REDOSHKIN B. A. , NEFEDOV B. K. , BALYAEVA G. P.
Published: April 2016

2,4‐Dinitrotoluol (I) reagiert in Gegenwart von Pyridin unter den im Formelschema angegebenen Bedingungen mit Kohlenmonoxid zu einem Gemisch aus dem Isocyanat (II) und dem Diisocyanat (III).
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMISTRY OF DIHYDROPINOL AND 1,8‐CINEOL DERIVATIVES. PART III. SOME REACTIONS OF 1,2‐PINOL AND 1,2‐EPOXY‐CIS‐DIHYDROPINOL
Authors: MROZINSKA D. , SIEMIENIUK A. , PIATKOWSKI K. , KUCZYNSKI H.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion von 1,2‐Pinol (I) mit N‐Bromsuccinimid liefert endo,endo‐Dibrom‐, endo,endo‐Dihydroxy‐ und (i)‐endo‐ 2‐Hydroxy‐endo‐6‐brom‐1,8‐cineol (II).
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOLYSIS OF COMPOUNDS WITH A GEOMETRICALLY FIXED VINYLOXIRANE UNIT: STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 4,5‐ANNULATED CIS‐ AND TRANS‐2,3‐DIHYDROFURANS
Authors: EBERBACH W. , SEILER W. , FRITZ H.
Published: April 2016

Die konformativ fixierten Vinyloxirane (I) wandeln sich thermisch (Kurzzeitpyrolyse) in die bicyclischen Ether (II) um, wobei ‐ in den Fällen (Ic)‐(If) ‐ jeweils hohe Stereospezifitäten erzielt werden [90‐100% cis‐(IIc),(IIe) bzw. trans‐Verbindungen (IId),(IIf)].
ChemInform Abstract: EFFICIENT AND GENERAL SYNTHESIS OF 1,3‐DITHIOLE‐2‐THIONES
Authors: HALEY N. F. , FICHTNER M. W.
Published: April 2016

Aus den unsymmetrischen Trithiocarbonaten (I) entstehen mit Säuren über nicht näher feststellbare Zwischenstufen der Art (II) bzw. (III) die 1,3‐Dithiol‐2‐thjone (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE PREPARATION AND REACTIONS OF 2‐BENZYLOXY‐4‐BENZYLIDENEOXAZOL‐5‐ONE
Authors: JONES J. H. , WITTY M. J.
Published: April 2016

Das (Z)‐Benzylidenoxazolon (III) ‐ erhältlich aus dem Benzyloxazolon (II) ‐ ist gegen‐ über Nucleophilen aktiver als das Analoge (I) und wird durch Nucleophile ‐ im Gegensatz zu (I) ‐ ausschließlich an der C‐5‐Funktion angegriffen.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION OF C‐ARYL‐N‐PHENYLNITRONES TO DIMETHYL VINYLPHOSPHONATE
Authors: ARBUZOV B. A. , LISIN A. F. , DIANOVA E. N.
Published: April 2016

Bei lösungsmittelfreier, thermischer Reaktion bilden die C‐Aryl‐ N‐phenyl‐nitrone (I) mit Vinylphosphonsäure‐dimethylester (II) die Isoxazolidine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF β,Γ‐UNSATURATED VALEROLACTONES
Authors: NAKASHIMA Y. , IMAGAWA T. , KAWANISI M.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Diels‐Alder‐Addition von Dienen (I) an Mesoxalester (II) gut zugänglichen Cycloaddukte (III) können elektrochemisch in die Orthoester (IV) umgewandelt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF PHENYL(TRIBROMOMETHYL)MERCURY WITH CARBONYL COMPOUNDS
Authors: IQBAL J. , RAHMAN W.
Published: April 2016

Das Trimethoxyflavon (I) setzt sich mit der Quecksilberverbindung (II) zu dem Dibromoxiran (III) um.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN THE FIELD OF N‐HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. PART IV. REACTION OF ETHYL AROYLACETATES WITH 5‐AMINO‐3‐PYRAZOLONES
Authors: BALICKI R. , KACZMAREK L. , NANTKA‐NAMIRSKI P.
Published: April 2016

Die Kondensation der Aroylacetate (II) mit den Aminopyrazolonen (III) in Essigsäure führt zu den 4‐substituierten 2,3‐Dihydro‐6‐hydroxy‐3‐oxo‐pyrazolo‐ pyridinen (I), während unter basischen Bedingungen die 5‐substituierten 1,2‐Dihydro‐ 7‐hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐pyrazolopyrimidine (IV) aus (II) und unsubstituiertem (III) (R1 = R2: H) gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: MONOPYRYLIUM AND BIS(PYRYLIUM) SALTS OF O‐ AND M‐CARBORANES
Authors: DRYGINA O. V. , DOROFEENKO G. N. , OKHLOBYSTIN O. YU.
Published: April 2016

Die aus dem o‐Carboranylmethylbromid (I) hergestellte Grignard‐Verbindung (II) wird mit dem Pyryliumperchlorat (III) zu einem Carboranylmethylpyran (IV) umgesetzt, aus dem mit Acetanhydrid und 70%iger Perchlorsäure das entsprechende Carboranylmethylpyryliumsalz (V) erhalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: ENOLATE ALKYLATIONS WITH VINYLPHOSPHONATES
Authors: DARLING S. D. , MURALIDHARAN F. N. , MURALIDHARAN V. B.
Published: April 2016

Die aus den Silylethern (I) in situ gebildeten Enolat‐Anionen addieren an das Vinylphosphonat (II) im Sinne einer Michael‐Addition zu den Ketophosphonestern (III).
ChemInform Abstract: DIFFERENT SITUATION FOR THE APPEL REACTION
Authors: ZHMUROVA I. N. , YURCHENKO V. G.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Umsetzung des Triphenylphosphins (I) mit Tetrachlorkohlenstoff (II) bildet sich ein Appelkomplex (III), der mit Diphenylketimin (V) normal unter Abspaltung von Chloroform zum Salz (IV) reagiert.
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATIVES OF PHOSPHINIC ACIDS WITH PHENACYL RADICALS
Authors: MOSKALEVSKAYA L. S. , FEDOROVA G. K.
Published: April 2016

Phenyl‐phenacyl‐phosphinsäure (I) reagiert mit Hydroxylamin (II) zum Oxim (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF PHOSPHORUS DITHIO ACIDS WITH CHLORO‐SUBSTITUTED ACETONITRILES
Authors: ZIMIN M. G. , ZABIROV N. G. , SMIRNOV V. N. , CHERKASOV R. A. , PUDOVIK A. N.
Published: April 2016

Bei der exothermen Reaktion von Di‐isopropyl‐dithio‐phosphorsäure (I) und Chloracetonitril (II) bilden sich die Derivate (III)‐(V).
ChemInform Abstract: ARBUZOV REACTION OF ALKYL AND SILYL PHOSPHITES WITH HALOGENS INVOLVING FOUR‐ AND FIVE‐COORDINATE INTERMEDIATES
Authors: MICHALSKI J. , PAKULSKI M. , SKOWRONSKA A.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung der Trialkyl‐ und Tris‐[trimethyl‐ silyl]‐phosphite (I) und der Alkyl‐1,2‐phenylenphosphite (IV) mit Halogenen wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME PROPERTIES OF PSEUDOHALIDES OF DIALKYL(ARYL)ARSINE
Authors: GIGAURI R. D. , CHERNOKAL'SKII B. D. , GURGENIDZE N. I. , GODERDZISHVILI L. I. , INDZHIYA M. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Chlorarsine (I) reagieren mit Kaliumrhodanid (II) über die Zwischenstufe (III) zu den Isothiocyanato‐arsinen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A SOLID COMPLEX OF STANNIC CHLORIDE WITH DIISOPROPYL ETHER AND FORMIC ACID
Authors: LOEVENG T. K. , TAUGBOEL K.
Published: April 2016

Durch Zugabe weniger Tropfen Ameisensäure zu einer Lösung von SnCl4 in Diisopropylether bei Raumtemp. wird ein fester Komplex gefällt, der bei Zugabe größerer Säuremengen wieder verschwindet, da dann koordinierte Ethermoleküle ausgetauscht werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS. I. REACTIVITY OF TRIS(2,5‐DIMETHYLPHENYL)TIN BROMIDE
Authors: LAPKIN I. I. , KOLBASINA V. D. , DUMLER V. A. , EVSTAFEEVA N. E. , PROZHUTINSKII V. L.
Published: April 2016

2,5‐Dimethylphenyl‐magnesiumbromid (I) reagiert mit Zinntetrabromid (II) zur Verbindung (III), die sich mit einer Reihe von Alkyl‐ oder Aryl‐magnesiumbromiden (IV) zu den Alkyl‐ bzw. Aryl‐zinn‐Derivaten (V) umsetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: USE OF TWO‐PHASE SYSTEMS IN SYNTHESES OF FERROCENE DERIVATIVES
Authors: BOEV V. I. , DOMBROVSKII A. V.
Published: April 2016

Formylferrocen (I) bildet mit den Triphenyl‐methyl‐ oder Triphenyl‐benzyl‐phosphoniumhalohalogeniden (II) bzw. (V) Vinylferrocen (III) bzw. 1‐Phenyl‐2‐ferrocenyl‐ethylen (VI) und Triphenylphosphinoxid (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF ARYL AZIDES ON NICKEL CENTERS INTO TETRAAZADIENE‐NICKEL COMPLEXES (NI0(AR2N4)2), (CPNII(AR2N4)), AND ((RNC)2NI0(AR2N4)). CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (NI0(1,4‐(3,5‐ME2C6H3)2N4)2)
Authors: OVERBOSCH P. , VAN KOTEN G. , OVERBECK O.
Published: April 2016

Die luftstabilen, diamagnetischen Komplexe (II), deren Ligand als freie Verbindung nicht existiert, erhält man bei Reaktion des Komplexes (I) mit entsprechenden Aziden.
ChemInform Abstract: BIFLORA‐4,10(19),15‐TRIENE: A NEW DITERPENE FROM A TERMITE SOLDIER (ISOPTERA TERMITIDAE TERMITINAE)
Authors: WIEMER D. F. , MEINWALD J. , PRESTWICH G. D. , SOLHEIM B. A. , CLARDY J.
Published: April 2016

Das Diterpen (I) wird isoliert, in seiner Struktur bestätigt und verschiedenen Folgereaktionen unterworfen.
ChemInform Abstract: BENZYLATION OF BENZYL‐2‐ACETAMIDO‐3,6‐DI‐O‐ACETYL‐2‐DEOXY‐α‐D‐GLUCOPYRANOSIDE
Authors: BOVIN N. V. , ZRABYAN S. E. , KHORLIN A. YA.
Published: April 2016

Das Glucopyranosid (I) bildet mit Benzylbromid (II) das dreifach benzylierte Derivat (III).
ChemInform Abstract: PARTIAL SYNTHESIS OF GIBBERELLIN A9 AND (3α‐ AND 3β‐2H1)GIBBERELLIN A9; GIBBERELLIN A5 AND (1β3‐2H2 AND ‐3H2) GIBBERELLIN A5; AND GIBBERELLIN A20 AND (1β,3α‐2H2 AND ‐3H2)GIBBERELLIN A20
Authors: BEALE M. H. , GASKIN P. , KIRKWOOD P. S. , MACMILLAN J.
Published: April 2016

Reduktion des Enons (I) liefert das 3‐epi‐Gibberellin A3 (GA3)‐Derivat (II), die Dihydroxyverbindung (III), das 3‐epi‐GA1‐(IVa) und das GAl‐Derivat (IVb).
ChemInform Abstract: SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRODES. XXV. THE P‐GALLIUM ARSENIDE/HEPTYL VIOLOGEN SYSTEM. . PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND PHOTOELECTROCHROMIC DISPLAYS
Authors: REICHMAN B. , FAN F.‐R. F. , BARD A. J.
Published: April 2016

Unter Bestrahlung mit Licht im Wellenlängenbereich <885 nm wird 1,1‐Diheptyl‐4,4′‐bipyridyl (Heptylviologen, HV2+)‐bromid an p‐GaAs bei einem Potential, das ca. 400 mV positiver ist als das reversible Potential des HV2+/HVBr‐Paares an Pt, unter Bildung einer Fällung des violetten HVBr auf der Elektrode reduziert.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROWINNING OF GADOLINIUM METAL BELOW 1000°C. AN INTRODUCTORY INVESTIGATION
Authors: BRATLAND D. , GSCHNEIDER K. A. JUN.
Published: April 2016

Gd wird in Form von Dendriten durch Elektrolyse von Gd2O3 in LiF‐GdF3 (65‐35 mol‐%) bei 850‐900°C gewonnen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE KINETICS OF THE THERMAL DEAMMONIATION OF (RHX(NH3)5)X2 IN THE SOLID STATE
Authors: KOHATA S. , KAWAGUCHI H. , ITOH N. , OHYOSHI A.
Published: April 2016

Die isothermen Substitutionsreaktionen A sind 1. Ordnung bezüglich des Reakta" an.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS OF THE CHEMICAL TRANSPORT OF GERMANIUM WITH GERMANIUM TETRACHLORIDE
Authors: SCHAEFER H. + , TRENKEL M.
Published: April 2016

über die Gleichgewichtsreaktion A wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PENTAFLUOROTELLURATES(VI) OF PENTAVALENT IODINE; ELECTRONEGATIVITIES OF OTEF5 AND OSEF5 GROUPS
Authors: LENTZ D. , SEPPELT K.
Published: April 2016

IF5 und B(OTeF5)3 reagieren unter verschärften Reaktionsbedingungen zu dem farblosen, stabilen, hydrolyseempfindlichen, aber sublimierbaren Feststoff (III) mit wahrscheinlich trigonal bipyramidaler Struktur am I‐Atom.
ChemInform Abstract: INORGANIC CYCLOPENTANE VARIANTS: ORGANOMETAL‐ARSENIC FIVE‐MEMBERED RINGS WITH IRON‐COBALT‐ARSENIC‐IRON‐ARSENIC AND MANGANESE‐ARSENIC‐ARSENIC‐MANGANESE‐ARSENIC BACKBONES
Authors: ROETTINGER E. + , TRENKLE A. , MUELLER R. + , VAHRENKAMP H.
Published: April 2016

Durch Reaktion von Organometall‐ dimethylarseniden mit Metallcarbonylen entstehen üblicherweise arsenverbrückte Zweikernkomplexe.
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BIS(1,1‐DIETHYL‐3‐BENZOYLTHIOUREATO)COPPER(II)
Authors: RICHTER R. , BEYER L. , KAISER J.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung existiert in drei monoklinen Modifikationen.
ChemInform Abstract: KETO‐ENOL EQUILIBRIUMS IN MIXED ACETIC SULFURIC ANHYDRIDES
Authors: MONTONERI E. , TEMPESTI E. , GIUFFRE L. , CASTOLDI A.
Published: April 2016

Unterhalb ‐20°C existieren in Gemischen aus Acetanhydrid‐SO3 oder Essigsäure‐Sog, in SO2‐Lösungen die gemischten Anhydride als Gleichgewichte zwischen Ketoform (I) und Enolform (II).
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRO‐ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. PART 3. TRANSANNULAR INTERACTION AND REACTIONS OF 5,13‐DISUBSTITUTED (2.2)METACYCLOPHANES: SUBSTITUENT EFFECTS ON CARBON‐13 NMR SPECTRA, CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC PEAK POTENTIALS, AND ANODIC OXIDATION
Authors: SATO T. , TORIZUKA K. , KOMAKI R. , ATOBE H.
Published: April 2016

Die Verbindungen (IIIa) werden nach den beschriebenen bzw. nach Literaturverfahren dargestellt (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROPHILIC ADDITIONS TO MULTIPLE BONDS. 4. EFFECT OF ALKYNE STRUCTURE ON THE RATES OF BROMINATION
Authors: SCHMID G. H. , MODRO A. , YATES K.
Published: April 2016

Die Kinetik der Bromierung der Acetylene (I) wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCYCLOADDITION REACTIONS OF NORBORNADIENE AND QUADRICYCLANE WITH P‐BENZOQUINONE
Authors: FEHNEL E. A. , BROKAW F. C.
Published: April 2016

Norbornadien (I) liefert bei einer Photolyse in Gegenwart von Benzophenon (III) als Sensibilisator über Quadricyclan (II) das Addukt (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: REARRANGEMENTS OF 1,6‐DIHALOTRICYCLO(4.2.2.02,5)DECANES. SYNTHESIS OF TRICYCLO(5.3.0.04,8)DECANE DERIVATIVES
Authors: WISEMAN J. R. , VANDERBILT J. J. , BUTLER W. M.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem 1,1,4,4‐Tetrachlorcyclohexan (I) erhält man mit Natriumamid oder 1,5‐Diazabicyclo(5,4,0)undec‐5‐en das 1,4‐Dichlorcyclo‐ hexa‐1,3‐dien (IIa) neben geringeren Anteilen an 1,4‐Dichlorcyclohexa‐l ,4‐dien (III) und Chlorbenzol (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY. XXXVI. DIHYDRO‐2H‐THIOPYRAN S‐OXIDES, SYNTHONS FOR α,β‐UNSATURATED ALDEHYDES
Authors: PRAEFCKE K. , WEICHSEL C.
Published: April 2016

Die Spirofluoren‐thiopyranoxide (Ib) und (Ic) liefern bei UV‐Bestrahlung unter Ringöffnung, Entschwefelung und Umlagerung ozß‐ungesättigte Aldehyde in Form der entsprechenden Z/E‐Isomerengemische (II)/(III), während aus (Ia) und (Id) die reinen Isomeren (IIIa) bzw. (IId) gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLYSIS OF THE DITHIOLACTONE 4‐ISOPROPYLIDENE‐3,3‐DIMETHYL‐1‐THIETANE‐2‐THIONE; A NORRISH TYPE I REACTION
Authors: MUTHURAMU K. , RAMAMURTHY V.
Published: April 2016

Die Belichtung des Dithiolactons (I) führt in aprotischen Lösungsmitteln zum Dithion (II) und in Alkoholen (III) zu den 1:1‐Addukten (IV) neben wenig Dithion (II).
ChemInform Abstract: COMPETITIVE CYCLIZATIONS OF SINGLET AND TRIPLET NITRENES. PART 8. THE 1‐(2‐NITRENOPHENYL)PYRAZOLES AND RELATED SYSTEMS
Authors: LINDLEY J. M. , MCROBBI I. M. , METH‐COHN O. , SUSCHITZKY H.
Published: April 2016

Nitrene, wie z.B. (II), die bei der Desoxygenierung von entsprechenden Nitroverbindungen wie (I) oder durch Thermolyse (oder Photolyse) entsprechender Azide (die Darstellung dieser Ausgangsverbindungen ist beschrieben) entstehen, reagieren unter Bildung von Produkten wie (III) bzw. (VI) und /oder (IV) und (V) (eingehende Diskussion der Reaktionsmechanismen).
ChemInform Abstract: PROTONATION EQUILIBRIUMS OF 1‐ARYLAZO‐4‐NAPHTHOLS AND 1‐ARYLAZO‐4‐METHOXYNAPHTHALENES
Authors: ABATE L. , LONGO M. L. , MACCARONE E. , TORRE M.
Published: April 2016

In Lösungsmittelgemischen aus Ethanol und wäßriger H2SO4 weisen die VIS‐Absorptionsspektren der Verbindungen (Ia) und (Ib), sowie der (Ic) entsprechenden Methylether einen isosbestischen Punkt auf, der in den Spektren von (Ic) fehlt.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROXY‐GROUP PARTICIPATION IN THE HYDROLYSIS OF AMIDES AND ITS EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATION IN THE ABSENCE OF STRAIN EFFECTS
Authors: MORRIS J. J. , PAGE M. I.
Published: April 2016

Die säure‐ bzw. durch OH‐Ionen katalysierte Lactonisierung während der Hydrolyse des Amids (Ib) wird durch die Anwesenheit der OH‐Gruppe um den Faktor 104 bzw. 106 ‐ bezogen auf die Hydrolyse von (Ia) ‐ beschleunigt.
ChemInform Abstract: ORTHOAMIDES. XXXIII. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CHEMISTRY OF BIS(DIALKYLAMINO)ACETONITRILES
Authors: KANTLEHNER W. , BAUR R. , BREDERECK H.
Published: April 2016

Umsetzungen der Titelverbindungen (I) zu den im Formelschema angegebenen Produkten werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ARYLDIAZOMETHANES WITH CHLORANIL
Authors: OSHIMA T. , NAGAI T.
Published: April 2016

Die 3:1‐molaren Reaktionen der Aryldiazomethane (I) mit Chloranil (II) in THF oder 1,2‐Dichlorethan führen zu ′2‐3:l‐cis‐trans‐Gemischen der Stilbene (III) und zu den trans‐Diarylspiro‐oxetanen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY. XIV. METHANOL HOMOLOGATION CATALYZED BY HOMOGENEOUS S COBALT DERIVATIVES
Authors: DUMAS H. , LEVISALLES J. , RUDLER H.
Published: April 2016

Die Bildung von Ethanol, Essigsäure sowie Essigsäuremethyl‐ und ethylester durch Umsetzung von Methanol mit Kohlenmonoxid/Wasserstoff in Gegenwart von Cobalt(II)‐iodid und Tributylphosphin wird untersucht, und der Einfluß von Boraten und Iodiden mit verschiedenen Alkali‐ und Erdalkalikationen wird bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: TELOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE WITH DICHLOROMALONIC ESTER
Authors: VINOGRADOVA L. V. , VELICHKO F. K. , AMRIEV R. A. , FEIDLINA R. KH.
Published: April 2016

Erhitzt man Dichlormalon‐ säure‐diethylester (I) mit Ethylen bei einem Druck von 50 atm.
ChemInform Abstract: FUNCTIONAL CYCLO‐C3 DERIVATIVES. IX. COMBINED REDOX AND METATHESIS PROCESSES IN THE TETRAHALOCYCLOPROPENE‐ANTIMONY TRIHALIDE‐DIORGANYL DICHALCOGENIDE SYSTEM
Authors: WEISS R. , MAROLT P.
Published: April 2016

Tetrachlorcyclopropen (I) reagiert mit Antimontrichlorid (II) und den Verbindungen (III) zu den Cyclopropenyliumhexachloroantimonaten (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ACETOLYSIS OF (N.3.2)PROPELLANE TOSYLATES
Authors: TOBE Y. , HAYAUCHI Y. , SAKAI Y. , ODAIRA Y.
Published: April 2016

Die Solvolyse der Propellan‐tosylate (III) und (IV), die aus den entsprechenden Carbinolen (I) und (II) hergestellt werden, wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: IMPROVED PREPARATION OF 2‐NITRODIPHENYLAMINES
Authors: KULAGOWSKI J. J. , REES C. W.
Published: April 2016

Substituierte Aniline (I) reagieren mit Fluor‐nitro‐benzol (II) in guten Ausbeuten zu den Nitrodiphenylaminen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF N‐2,2,2‐TRIFLUOROETHYL‐2‐(3,4‐DIHYDROXYPHENYL)ETHYLAMINE
Authors: O'DONNELL J. P. , AZZARO A. J. , URQUILLA P. R.
Published: April 2016

Das durch Acylierung von Dimethoxyphenylethylamin (I) mit Trifluoracetanhydrid (II) zugängliche Trifluoracetamid (III) wird mit Diboran (IV) zum Dimethoxyamin (V) reduziert, das sich mit Bromwasserstoffsäure zum N‐Trifluorethyldopamin (VI) entmethylieren läßt. Die synthetisierten Verbindungen wurden auf ihre biologische Aktivität untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. 2. PREPARATION OF DITHIOACETALS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTIVE ALKYLATION OF ALKYL DITHIOCARBOXYLATES
Authors: KISTENBRUEGGER L. + , VOSS J.
Published: April 2016

Die Elektrolyse der Dithioester (I) in Gegenwart der entsprechenden Alkyliodide in Acetonitril (auch in wasserhaltigem) führt zu den Dithioacetalen (II), während bei Zugabe des Alkylhalogenids anschließend an die Elektrolyse in wasserfreiem Acetonitril Gemische aus den entsprechenden Z‐ und E‐1,2‐Bis(alkylthio)‐1,2‐diphenyl‐ethylenen erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: LIGAND STRUCTURE AND COMPLEXATION. LI. MULTIDENTATE NEUTRAL LIGANDS WITH VARIABLE CAVITIES AND PSEUDOCAVITIES
Authors: SIEGER H. , VOEGTLE F. +
Published: April 2016

Neue offenkettige und cyclische Neutralligandensysteme wie (VI)‐(XII) sowie die chiralen Liganden (XIII) (D‐ und L‐Formen) werden dargestellt (mit Methoden der "repetitiven Synthese").
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THREE LIDOCAINE CYCLOVINYLOGS
Authors: VALENTI P. , MONTANARI P. , DA RE P. , SOLDANI G. , BERTELLI A.
Published: April 2016

Auf dem im Formelschema skizzierten Weg werden drei zu Lidocain (V) analoge Derivate (IV) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CHEMISTRY OF TRIFLUOROACETYL HYPOFLUORITE WITH ELEMENTAL FLUORINE. A NOVEL METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF α‐FLUOROHYDRINS
Authors: ROZEN S. , LERMAN O.
Published: April 2016

Das Na‐Salz der Trifluoressigsäure (I) liefert mit Fluor die beiden Fluorverbindungen (II) bzw. (III), die mit diversen Stilbenderivaten bzw. Tolan umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCYCLIC REACTIONS OF PROTONATED CHALCONES: SYNTHESIS OF 3‐ARYL‐INDAN‐1‐ONES
Authors: MCDONALD E. , SMITH P.
Published: April 2016

Als Ausgangsprodukte für die Synthese von 3‐Aryl‐indanonen‐(l) werden einige Chalkone dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS. VI. SYNTHESES OF ARYLCAMPHOLENYLAZIRIDINES
Authors: SOLODUCHO J. , ZABZA A.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindungen (II) werden durch die Reaktion der Arylcampholenylimine (I) mit den aus Methyleniodid mit Zn/CuC12, aus Bromoform mit ZnEt2 oder K‐tert.‐ butylat bzw. aus Chloroform mit Benzyltriethylammoniumchlorid erzeugten Carbenen in guten Ausb. dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: CENTRALLY ACTIVE N‐SUBSTITUTED ANALOGS OF 3,4‐METHYLENEDIOXYPHENYLISOPROPYLAMINE (3,4‐METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE)
Authors: BRAUN U. , SHULGIN A. T. , BRAUN G.
Published: April 2016

Durch reduktive Aminierung werden aus dem primären Amin (III) und den Aldehyden (II) mit NaCNBH3 die tertiären Amine (I) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1‐SUBSTITUTED 3‐(DIALKYLAMINOALKOXY)‐4,5,6,7‐TETRAHYDRO‐1H‐INDAZOLES
Authors: SOGA T. , NIWA H. , SHIRAISHI T.
Published: April 2016

Das Indazolon (I) wird zur Tetrahydroverbindung (II) hydriert und anschließend mit Diallgylaminoalkylchloriden in 3‐Stellung zu den O‐Alkylaminoalkylderivaten (III) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐POLAR ADDITION OF 1,3‐OXAZOLIUM‐4‐OLATES WITH PROTIC REAGENTS
Authors: HAMAGUCHI M. , IBATA T.
Published: April 2016

Die Verbindung (I) reagiert mit Wasser unter Spaltung zum Carbonsäureamid (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐11‐HYDROXY‐Δ9‐6A,10A‐TRANS‐TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL AND OTHER 11‐SUBSTITUTED Δ9‐TETRAHYDROCANNABINOIDS
Authors: RICKARDS R. W. , WATSON W. P.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Keton (Ia) erhält man über das Hydrazon das Methylthio‐Derivat (Ib), dessen Formylmethylenierung zum Derivat (II) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. 54. NICOTINIC ACID CROWN ETHERS. SYNTHESIS OF MACROCYCLIC LACTONES FROM 2‐CHLORONICOTINIC ACID AND POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS. TEMPLATE EFFECT ON THE CYCLIZATION
Authors: NEWKOME G. R. , KAWATO T. , BENTON W. H.
Published: April 2016

2‐Chlor‐nicotinsäurechlorid (I) reagiert mit dem Diglykolat (II) zu den dimeren Estern (III) und (IV), die zu den Derivaten (V) bzw. (VI) reduziert werden.