bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate change in Bangladesh: Temperature and rainfall climatology of Bangladesh for 1949–2013 and its implication on rice yield
Authors: Alam Edris , Hridoy Al-Ekram Elahee , Tusher Shekh Md. Shajid Hasan , Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Islam Md Kamrul
Published: October 2023

Bangladesh has been ranked as one of the world’s top countries affected by climate change, particularly in terms of agricultural crop sector. The purpose of this study is to identify spatial and temporal changes and trends in long-term climate at local and national scales, as well as their implications for rice yield. In this study, Modified Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope tests were used to detect significant trends and the magnitude of changes in temperature and rainfall. The temperature and rainfall data observed and recorded at 35 meteorological stations in Bangladesh over 65-years in the time span between the years 1949 and 2013 have been used to detect these changes and trends of variation. The results show that mean annual Tmean, Tmin, and Tmax have increased significantly by 0.13°C, 0.13°C, and 0.13°C/decade, respectively. The most significant increasing trend in seasonal temperatures for the respective Tmean, Tmin, and Tmax was 0.18°C per decade (post-monsoon), 0.18°C/decade (winter), and 0.23°C/decade (post-monsoon), respectively. Furthermore, the mean annual and pre-monsoon rainfall showed a significant increasing trend at a rate of 4.20 mm and 1.35 mm/year, respectively. This paper also evaluates climate variability impacts on three major rice crops, Aus, Aman, and Boro during 1970–2013. The results suggest that crop yield variability can be explained by climate variability during Aus, Aman, and Boro seasons by 33, 25, and 16%, respectively. Maximum temperature significantly affected the Aus and Aman crop yield, whereas rainfall significantly affected all rice crops’ yield. This study sheds light on sustainable agriculture in the context of climate change, which all relevant authorities should investigate in order to examine climate-resilient, high-yield crop cultivation.
Electromagnetic force investigation of electromagnets with variable pole area in an electromagnetic diaphragm pump
Authors: Liao Yu , Liu Yinshui , Xing Jun , Chen Biao , Gao Lizhi
Published: October 2023

Electromagnetic diaphragm pump is a kind of widely applied diaphragm pump that has promising sealing performance, simple structure and low power loss. Planar pole electromagnet is a significant component of the electromagnetic diaphragm pump. However, the sharply changing displacement-force characteristics of the planar pole electromagnet do not match the constant load characteristics of the electromagnetic diaphragm pump. Herein, an electromagnet with variable pole area is put forward. A theoretical relationship between structural parameters, the Ampere turns and the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet with variable pole area is determined by analyzing the equivalent magnetic circuit of the electromagnet with variable pole area. The experimental results imply that the initial electromagnetic force of the electromagnet with variable pole area is 32.51% larger than the planar pole electromagnet, the engaging electromagnetic force of the electromagnet with variable pole area is 22.3% smaller than the planar pole electromagnet and the displacement-force characteristics of the electromagnet with variable pole area match the constant load characteristics of the electromagnetic diaphragm pump.
Sepsis leads to lasting changes in phenotype and function of naïve CD8 T cells
Authors: Berton Roger R. , McGonagil Patrick W. , Jensen Isaac J. , Ybarra Tiffany K. , Bishop Gail A. , Harty John T. , Griffith Thomas S. , Badovinac Vladimir P.
Published: October 2023

Sepsis, an amplified immune response to systemic infection, is characterized by a transient cytokine storm followed by chronic immune dysfunction. Consequently, sepsis survivors are highly susceptible to newly introduced infections, suggesting sepsis can influence the function and composition of the naïve CD8 T cell pool and resulting pathogen-induced primary CD8 T cell responses. Here, we explored the extent to which sepsis induces phenotypic and functional changes within the naïve CD8 T cell pool. To interrogate this, the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis was used. In normal, non-septic mice, we show type-I interferon (IFN I)-mediated signaling plays an important role in driving the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity in the naïve CD8 T cell compartment leading to increased representation of Ly6C+ naïve CD8 T cells. In response to viral infection after sepsis resolution, naïve Ly6C+ CD8 T cells generated more primary effector and memory CD8 T cells with slower conversion to a central memory CD8 T cell phenotype (Tcm) than Ly6C- naïve CD8 T cells. Importantly, as a potent inducer of cytokine storm and IFN I production, sepsis leads to increased representation of Ly6C+ naïve CD8 T cells that maintained their heightened ability to respond (i.e., effector and memory CD8 T cell accumulation and cytokine production) to primary LCMV infection. Lastly, longitudinal analyses of peripheral blood samples obtained from septic patients revealed profound changes in CD8 T cell subset composition and frequency compared to healthy controls. Thus, sepsis has the capacity to alter the composition of naïve CD8 T cells, directly influencing primary CD8 T cell responses to newly introduced infections.
Analysing the financial landscape of European households: Insights from panel data
Authors: Grzywińska-Rąpca Małgorzata , Markowski Lesław
Published: October 2023

This article makes a significant contribution to the existing body of research concerning the subjective evaluations of household financial conditions and the objective analysis of economic circumstances and savings potential within households. The study elucidates the intricate relationships between subjective assessments of household financial situations, broader economic conditions, price trends, and savings potential. Drawing upon data pertaining to households' self-assessments of their current and future financial outlook, this paper undertakes a comprehensive examination of disparities across several European nations. The initial cross-sectional survey study encompassed all member countries of the European Union and Great Britain. The study spanned a timeframe of 32 months, from January 2018 to August 2020, divided into two distinct sub-periods: one preceding the onset of the pandemic and the other during its occurrence. Employing panel models, this research identifies factors significantly influencing subjective evaluations of household financial well-being. The estimations of model parameters during the pandemic period revealed noteworthy trends: assessments of household finances exhibited considerably greater consistency than those observed in the pre-pandemic era. Across both sub-periods, the findings consistently underscored a significant and positive correlation between the evaluation of the overall economic situation within the country and the potential for savings and the subjective assessment of household financial conditions. However, the findings from the pandemic period failed to corroborate a substantial link between assessments of past and future price trends and their impact on household financial evaluations. Furthermore, the regression coefficients within the models describing future financial evaluations demonstrated a pronounced increase when considering the dependent variable as the financial assessment of the preceding year. Given that household opinions hold paramount importance as target variables for economic policies, the investigation into the ramifications of subjective evaluations of household financial situations remains particularly pertinent. These evaluations can exert both direct influence, such as on household welfare, and indirect effects by guiding the formulation of pertinent financial instruments by institutions within the financial sector.
Effectiveness analysis for Japanese ODA impact on growth: Empirical results from Laos
Authors: Chansombuth Soulivanh
Published: October 2023

Official development assistance (ODA) has shown strong results in economic development in many least-developed countries. It strengthens growth along with FDI and private investments. However, the significance of ODA depends on the host country and donors. The effectiveness of ODA in Laos has not yet been examined. This investigation deeply explores the relationship between Japanese ODA and the economic growth in Laos by using variables such as ODA funds, industrial investment, and exports of Laos in association with growth effectiveness. In the analysis, the data on ODA from Japan was used as a key factor for the growth in Laos – it is a vital component of this study. The analysis was conducted for 30 years of data (1990-2020) and utilized a vector error correction model with a unit root test and Johansen approach. In the long run, the ODA, as the main independent variable, had a positive effect on growth and industrial investment in Laos, but exports exhibited a negative effect on growth. Furthermore, in the short term, there was no sign of a positive relationship between ODA from Japan and the growth of Laos; exports also had a negative relationship to growth. Conversely, the variable of industrial investment had a positive effect on growth in the short term. However, the empirical results demonstrated growth effectiveness from the involvement of Japanese ODA funds in Laos in the long run.
A new distributional report of Cremanthodium nepalense (Asteraceae) in India: a vulnerable and endemic species of the Himalayas
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kumar Vikas
Published: October 2023

Cremanthodium nepalense Kitam. (Asteraceae) is reported for the first time from India. It is endemic to the Himalayas and has only been reported from Nepal and China. It was found growing in alpine meadows near river bank in North Sikkim at an elevation of ca 4370 m. In the present report, the diagnostic features, morphological variations and coloured photo-plate are provided. Besides conservation, status ‘Vulnerable’ has also been evaluated using IUCN Red listing guidelines.
La diversidad terminológica dentro del mismo ordenamiento jurídico como problema de traducción: el subdominio jurídico de las parejas de hecho en España
Authors: Tabares Plasencia Encarnación , Sinner Carsten
Published: October 2023

In multi-legislative states, there is no uniformity, but rather a possible diversity of legal responses to the same subject matter. This diversity can occur in all sectors of law if the political and legal autonomy of the communities that make up the State is very broad or only in one or some of the sectors, with uniform legislation in the remaining sectors. This situation is in fact applicable to Spain and has given rise to an important terminological diversity in the treatment of various sectors where both the Spanish State and the Autonomous Communities have legislative powers. We have studied this question in the framework of civil partnerships a frequent phenomenon in modern Western societies due to the marked social changes that have taken place in the field of family relations in the preceding decades. Using a corpus of regulations on this subject enacted by regional legislators, we have been able to observe a considerable terminological variation, both formal and conceptual, which is due to different linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. We also analysed the repercussions and problems that this variation can have on the translation of legal documentation in this field.
Family language policies during a global pandemic: challenges and opportunities for language maintenance in Arabic-English multilingual families in the USA
Authors: Albadawi Einas Bashir , Yazan Bedrettin
Published: October 2023

In this study, we analyze interview data from 17 mothers of Arabic-English multilingual families to examine their experiences of maintaining their children’s Arabic language development during the COVID-19 pandemic. We were interested in exploring the challenges they faced during the pandemic and their responses to those challenges with the resources available. Following a constant comparative method, our data analysis demonstrated that four main factors have impacted Arabic-English multilingual Muslim families’ language policies during the pandemic, i.e. (1) inner-family dynamics, (2) school closures, (3) children’s agency, and (4) family safety and wellbeing. Responding to those factors, participants’ family language policies were guided by their commitment to Arabic as the language of Islam (i.e. performing religious practices and maintaining connection with the written Islamic heritage) and as an indispensable component of their children’s ethno-religious identities. During the lockdown, when their children could not attend Arabic tutoring, mothers developed new strategies to support their children’s language socialization (e.g., Halaka, more frequent family visit, online tutoring). When schools switched to online learning, their children had more time to spend at home, which most mothers used as an opportunity to have their children practice Arabic more and, in some cases, conduct daily Arabic literacy tutoring at home. All those mothers’ creative responses to COVID-19 challenges were complexified by children’s agency and concerns about family safety and wellbeing.
The effect of dust streaming on arbitrary amplitude solitary waves in superthermal polarized space dusty plasma
Authors: Naeem Syeda Neelam , Qamar Anisa , Rahman Ata-ur , Albalawi Wedad
Published: October 2023

The impact of dust streaming and polarization force on dust acoustic solitary waves (DASWs) is examined in a non-magnetized dusty plasma made up of negatively charged dust, superthermal ions, and Maxwellian electrons. In the linear limit, the dispersion relation is derived and numerically analyzed. In order to explore the characteristics of arbitrary amplitude DASWs, a Sagdeev potential technique is used. It is explored how the existence domain and characteristics of the DASWs are affected by the polarization force connected to the superthermality index of ions and dust streaming. The relevance of the present study to space dusty plasma, in particular to Saturn’s F-ring, is highlighted.
Numerical simulation of a non-classical moving boundary problem with control function and generalized latent heat as a function of moving interface
Authors: Jitendra  , Chaurasiya Vikas , Rai Kabindra Nath , Singh Jitendra
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the work is concerned with the study of moving boundary based on non-classical heat equation that includes a time dependent heat flux and convection. The latent heat is represented as a function of the moving interface. Mathematical model accounts for a control function varying with heat flux. We have obtained the explicit solution of the given mathematical model in the presence of convection and a control function. The Legendre wavelet Galerkin approach (LWGA) is used to solve the mathematical problem. In a particular case, our numerical results were compared with previous results and found to be in excellent agreement. Moreover, the current numerical technique is more efficient and accurate in comparison to the previous available method. An extensive analysis of the problem parameters is presented. It is found that the control function offers a significant contribution during the melting or freezing of a PCM. A greater value of the heat flux accelerates the rate of propagation of interface. Convection heat transfer increases the speed of the interface. Results obtained from the current study are expected to improve the fundamental understanding of heat transfer and aid in sublimation and desorption like physical phenomena.
Sticky Frames and What's in a Name: Frames Stick to Particular Objects
Authors: Wang Y. Andre , Liwag Melisse C. , Weltzien Katherine , Crowell Trevor , Ledgerwood Alison
Published: October 2023

A growing literature on sequential framing effects has documented a negativity bias: In many contexts, attitudes change less when framing switches from negative-to-positive (vs. positive-to-negative). However, it is unclear whether this negativity bias sticks to one attitude object or generalizes beyond it. Novel paradigms in two experiments yielded strong evidence for the first possibility and tentative evidence for the second: Switching to a different object (vs. same object) across time points reduced the negativity bias in reframing. In contrast, superficially rebranding an object (just changing its name) did not reduce negativity bias. The experiments also provide the first evidence that positive frames are somewhat sticky: A positive initial frame somewhat attenuated the impact of a negative subsequent frame on attitudes. The findings are consistent with the possibility that once an object is framed negatively or positively, that conceptualization sticks in the mind and resists subsequent reframing—especially for negative frames.
The Influence of Social Status on Memory: No Evidence for Effects of Social Status on Event Element Binding
Authors: Schreiner Marcel R. , Hütter Mandy
Published: October 2023

Remembering events coherently requires the binding of their constituting elements in episodic memory. Considering various demonstrations of social motives influencing cognition and preliminary evidence for a facilitating effect of social status on associative memory, we investigated whether social status influences binding processes in episodic memory. Participants were presented with events consisting of a person, an object, and a location, with the status of the person being manipulated. Two experiments yielded no evidence for a facilitating effect of social status on binding processes in episodic memory. These findings suggest that effects of social status are limited to simpler associative memories, as demonstrated by previous research.
A note on the impact of CYP51 alterations and their combination in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici on sensitivity to the azole fungicides epoxiconazole and metconazole
Authors: Kildea S. , Dooley H. , Byrne S.
Published: October 2023

Septoria tritici blotch caused by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici is the most economically damaging disease of winter wheat in Ireland. As azoles have been intensively used, Z. tritici has developed different means of resisting their toxic effects with multiple alterations now reported in individual strains. Using previously characterised Irish collections of Z. tritici, the relationships between these different alterations have been examined using conditional inference trees and random forest. The results from this study highlight the importance of specific alterations I381V and S524T, with both contributing most to the reductions in epoxiconazole (EPZ) and metconazole (MTZ) sensitivity. As the azole class of fungicides is an extensive and diverse group, it is possible these alterations do not impact other azoles in a similar manner. Further analysis of these and contemporary collections to additional azoles, including mefentrifluconazole, which continues to provide good field control of Z. tritici, is warranted.
Universal Screening of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Upper Egypt: Prospective Cohort Study of The Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcomes
Authors: F. Eltoony Lobna , Khalifa Walaa A , Mobarkout Hani M. , M. Ahmad Nagla , E Elhadidy Khaled , A. Mashahet Mohammad , Salem Ehab , M. Abbas Ahmed , M Shaaban Omar , M. Yousef Hend , Sharaf El Din Usama A
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Egypt, the real prevalence and epidemiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Upper Egypt is still lacking. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of GDM among pregnant women in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the foetal and maternal outcomes of this disease. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted between July 2014 and July 2018. Universal screening for GDM among all pregnant women attending primary health care clinics was done using Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India (DIPSI) criteria. Those with GDM were followed up until the end of purpureum. Maternal and foetal outcomes were recorded. Results: GDM was diagnosed in 956 out of 7141 pregnant women (13.4%). Previous history of GDM, macrosomic babies, and family history of diabetes were all significantly higher in GDM women (P<0.001 each). However, no definite risk factors were observed in about half of the GDM women. 29% of GDM women responded to medical nutrition therapy (MNT) alone. When the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was repeated Postpartum, diagnosis of DM was established in 14.3% of the cohort, while 25.7% had impaired glucose tolerance. Conclusions: The prevalence of GDM is relatively high in Upper Egypt. Half of GDM cases lack risk factors. Universal screening using OGTT should be routinely performed to all attendant pregnant ladies. Discrete MNT is not an enough management in most of GDM cases. Keywords: GDM; Postpartum OGTT; diabetes; MNT; foetal outcome; maternal outcome.
Phage Hunting in the High School Classroom
Authors: Bittle Charles , Brittain Kathryn , Doore Sarah M. , Dover John , Bergland Drarvik Silje M. , Parent Kristin N. , Ratnayake Rochelle , Stone Peter , Schrad Jason R. , Schrad Kevin , Subramanian Sundharraman , Tinney Kendal R.
Published: October 2023

National science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education emphasizes science practices, such as hands-on learning. We describe a weeklong activity where students participate in real-world scientific discovery, including “hunting” for bacteriophage in a variety of environmental samples. First, the students collect samples, then look for evidence of phage on “bait” bacteria, and finally amplify/purify the phages for further study.
Simplifying Biology Vocabulary via Morphology
Authors: Morar Vikash
Published: October 2023

In all fields of biology, understanding technical terminology is a challenge for students. In many cases, this may distract them from focusing on fundamental processes and concepts. Across the biology subfields, much of the vernacular shares similar etymology and morphology. However, students lack the exposure necessary to identify these key features, which often explain the meaning of terms without requiring any context at all. Therefore, instead of encouraging students to memorize many terms independently, it could be more beneficial to show them how words are constructed. Here, I propose an activity designed to help students recognize terms that may be connected, understand how vocabulary is often constructed to reflect its idea, and develop comfortability using these terms themselves in discussions. Through a guided group activity, students will have a chance to break down terms they have previously encountered and to draw connections between novel words. If students are capable of relating words to each other before even knowing what they mean, they may learn more effectively. Without being intimidated by enigmatic vocabulary, they can focus on broader concepts. In addition, when students understand how biological terminology is constructed, they may even dissect new words without needing the context surrounding them. This activity is applicable to courses in any specialty of biology, as various molecules, tissues, and processes follow general naming principles.
Ruptured Rhetoric
Authors: Wang Weida
Published: October 2023

Under the pressure of the political environment, Chinese immigrant communities of a new sort have had to form in the UK. From 2020 to 2022, strict COVID-19 policies enforced by the Chinese government left a large number of Chinese nationals stranded overseas. Concurrently, the political conflicts in Hong Kong since 2019 and shifting geopolitical dynamics in China prompted a significant influx of Hong Kong citizens emigrating to the UK. Within this context, soundwork has emerged as a powerful implement for shaping ideology, aesthetics, identity, and subjectivity in these immigrant and diaspora communities.

Amid these challenges, ethnic Chinese sound artists based in the UK actively contribute to the construction of Sinophone communities, incorporating the local culture while challenging the homogenized concept of “Chineseness” in terms of a new, critical epistemology. These Sinophone communities take place in venues such as performance spaces, art galleries, and public areas. Artistic activism plays a pivotal role, with sound art serving as a potent medium of expression. Artists such as Chris Zhongtian Yuan, Bo Choy, Yarli Allison, and On Yee Lo employ various forms of artistic expression, including video arts, installations, films, and performances, to capture the political circumstances and psychological states of these communities. By drawing on theoretical frameworks from Sinophone theory and sound studies, this paper analyzes the soundworks of four artists of the Chinese ethnic or Hong Kong diaspora based in London, focusing particularly on the protest, storytelling, ritual, resistance, nostalgia, and mythological elements in their works’ sonic effects.
The Trans Ear/(h)earing
Authors: Medina Alejandrina M.
Published: October 2023

In this essay I offer a theoretical conceptualization of the ear in order to expand current debates surrounding embodiment and materiality within the field of sound studies. I am interested in how thinking trans about the ear—that is, understanding the ear as an organ of transition—demands a materialist shift to flesh to critique how the current paradigm of embodied listening promotes the human body as fact. Understanding embodiment only through the body as a recognizable category, which is the byproduct of the paradigm of the “embodied listener,” posits the Western liberal human body (read: white, able-bodied, cisgender) as exceptional, whole, and knowable. I argue that paying particular attention to (h)earing—the sensation of the ear qua flesh prior to entering the regime of cognition—develops a way to think trans about sound by not taking the Human and its body for granted. A shift to the materiality of fleshliness as a theoretical framework for the ear, how the ear has been appropriated as the metaphor par excellence for the human body in the study of sound and music, reveals how racialized, sexed, and embodied corporeality has been produced in our discourses. My offering of the trans ear follows Black feminist critiques of the Human, aesthetics, and psychoanalysis, to point to what a sensate of (h)earing might afford.
Influence of tool pin profile on the mechanical strength and surface roughness of AA6061-T6 overlap joint friction stir welding
Authors: M.H. Osman  , Norfauzi Tamin
Published: October 2023

This study presents the tensile strength and surface roughness resulting from friction stir welding (FSW) on the lap joint method using AA 6061 –T6. FSW is conducted by comparing three different tool pin shapes: hexagon, thread, and square. Overlap welding using the FSW method is challenging if machine parameters, such as spindle speed and feed rate, are incompatible. The experiment was conducted using a conventional milling machine with a spindle speed of 1400 -1750 rpm and a feed rate of 20 – 30 mm/min. The results show that a spindle speed of 1750 rpm and a feed rate of 30 mm/min using a square tool pin results in 83.5088 MPa ultimate tensile strength and 0.85 µm surface roughness (Ra), which is much better than hexagon and thread type tool pins. In addition, the overall results on all three tool pin shapes show that higher processing parameters increase tensile strength and surface roughness. This study revealed the effect of parameters on AA6061 –T6 and the resulting implications of mechanical strength and surface roughness.
Vibrations control of railway vehicles using decentralized proportional integral derivative controller with flow direction optimization algorithm
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Kumar Amit
Published: October 2023

The reduction of vibration-induced discomfort in vehicles is an important goal in the field of transportation engineering. Several mathematical models with various controlling techniques, from classical to modern, have been employed to achieve better ride comfort. Still, no comprehensive solution has yet been found. Therefore, this paper proposes a 17-degree-of-freedom (minimum number of coordinates) dynamic model of a full-scale railway vehicle integrated with wheel-rail contact forces and an active suspension system. Two controllers, termed system and force tracking controllers, suppress the vehicle body's vibrations. Based on a multi-loop control structure, three optimally tuned Proportional Integral Derivative controllers evaluate the desired control forces and performs the system controller’s action. While the force-tracking controller generates the command voltage to track that forces. The parameters of controllers are tuned with a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm known as the flow direction algorithm (FDA), and the results are compared with two other optimization techniques, i.e., particle swarm optimization and ant colony optimization. The simulated results show that the ride comfort of the vehicle is improved with FDA, as the root mean square values of the lateral, roll, and yaw accelerations are reduced by 42.01%, 33.12%, and 48.24%, respectively. Moreover, the simulated results of the proposed model are validated with the experimental results of accelerations. The simulated results show that the proposed system tuned with the metaheuristic algorithm outperforms with a significant reduction in vehicle vibrations.
Responsiveness to Infusion Load under Regional Anesthesia after Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Paromov K. V. , Volkov D. A. , Kirov M. Y.
Published: October 2023

Objective. To evaluate the effect of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and epidural anesthesia on responsiveness to infusion load after coronary bypass surgery on a beating heart.

Materials and methods. A prospective randomized single-center study included 45 patients who were grouped into 3 equal arms based on anesthesia techniques: general anesthesia in combination with ESPB (GA+ESPB), general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia (GA+EA) and general anesthesia without regional techniques (GA). Patient’s response to volume loading was assessed using dynamic and orthostatic tests after transfer from the operating room and at the end of the first postoperative day. Passive leg raise (PLR) and standard bolus injection tests were done at the first stage; changes in hemodynamic parameters during verticalization were additionally evaluated at the second stage. Patients with 10% cardiac index (CI) increase after PLR test and 15% increase after bolus injection test were categorized as responders.

Results. The concordance of obtained results in PLR and bolus injection tests for the GA+ESPB, GA+ EA and GA groups at the first stage was 0.53 (95% CI 0.12–0.94), 0.68 (95% CI 0.30–1.00) and 0.61 (CI 0.24–0.99), at the second stage — 0.70 (0.32–1.00), 0.84 (95% CI 0.55–1.00) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.47–1.00), respectively. There were no differences in distribution of responders between the groups. CI dynamics did not differ between the groups during verticalization, and there were no associations of CI changes during verticalization with the preceding PLR test results. The dynamics of troponin T and NT-proBNP did not differ between the groups.

Conclusion. Methods of regional anesthesia (SPB or EA) do not significantly affect the responsiveness to infusion therapy in the postoperative period after coronary bypass surgery on a beating heart.
Environmental Threats in American and Macedonian Dystopian Fiction
Authors: Maleska Kalina
Published: October 2023

Various environmental changes threaten local environments and the world at large. Some of these changes have visible immediate effects on people’s lives, as exemplified by the pollution in the Macedonian capital of Skopje, which for several years has ranked among the world’s most polluted cities. Additionally, global warming is estimated to have devastating consequences for all life on Earth. While American writers have increasingly incorporated discussion of climate change into their fiction, Macedonian literature has rarely delved into environmental issues. Therefore, this article aims to contribute by exploring specific environmental aspects in several previously unexplored Macedonian dystopian works by Branko Prlja, Ivan Šopov and Biljana Crvenkovska. These works are compared to the novel Forty Signs of Rain by the American writer Kim Stanly Robinson, analysing the approaches   employed in addressing environmental threats. The comparative view, as well as placing all of these works in the context of existing factual information about climate change and pollution, indicates the cultural differences between the narratives, but also the common ground they share about possible responses that may be undertaken to tackle environmental problems.
Three Milestones of Latvian Translation Criticism
Authors: Veisbergs Andrejs , Ločmele Gunta
Published: October 2023

The article provides insight into the development of translation criticism from 1920s to 1980s in Latvia by offering translations of excerpts from theoretical texts that map important events in translation history. We start with the book, published in 1924, which evaluated the 1689 translation of the Bible into Latvian, then concentrate on a polemical article by Rainis (1925) on his innovative 1897 rendition of Goethe’s Faust and finish the analysis with a discussion of a work written in 1984. The latter stood out during the Soviet era by drawing attention to the aesthetic values of translation, contrasting with the prevailing focus on linguistic aspects, specifically the quality of the Latvian language. Each of these three works, in its own manner, exerted influence both on the historico-philosophical ideas of its era and on the evolution of translation in Latvia. The review and translations of these three excerpts are contextualized through an analysis of Latvian translation history. It is stressed that despite censorship, the Soviet-time translations spread the ideas that often contradicted the Soviet ideology as well as opened new broader vistas for language use.
(Post)Soviet Russia vs the West: The Ideological Enemy’s Image in English Translations of Fiction
Authors: Rudnytska Nataliya
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Russo-Ukrainian war, especially the full-scale invasion of 2022, made the issue of manipulation particularly topical, including skewed representation in translation. On the basis of a detailed analysis of linguistic choices of translators, considered within the broad historical-political and ideological context, the paper demonstrates the discrepancies between the images of the (post)Soviet Russian and Western societies created in the novels by the contemporary Russian authors Oleg Pavlov, Viktor Pelevin, Vladimir Sorokin and Lyudmila Ulitskaya and those reproduced in the English translations. The ramifications of such modification acquire special significance under the circumstances, especially due to the increased attention to translation as an “ideological weapon” on the part of the Russian scholars and critics.
Asmeninio profesinio tobulėjimo sistema mokykloje: mokytojų profesinio augimo patirtys
Authors:   , Kaunickienė Natalija
Published: October 2023

The framework of personal professional development at school: experiences of teacher professional growth
EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (EGFR) POLYMORPHIC VARIATIONS (-216G/T & −191 C/A) POSE A HIGH RISK TO PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT GLIOMA
Authors: Zahoor Wani , Pandith Arshad A. , Nisar Syed , Qasim Iqbal , Surana Menka , Ganie Farooq A. , Manzoor Usma , Arif Sajad H. , Rasool Shayaq Ul Abeer , Lateef Adil , Shah Parveen , Bhat Rashid A.
Published: October 2023

Background. Malignant gliomas are the most frequent and lethal brain tumors. Their molecular aspects remain intangible but current studies have pointed to certain genetic polymorphic loci that pose the risk. The polymorphic sequence variations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) pathway play a vital role in the glioma risk, and the EGFR variants (216G>T and 191C>A) are identified to affect the risk for the development of different tumors including glioma. Aim. To examine genetic variations of EGFR T rs712829 (216G/T) and rs712830 (191C>A) with respect to glioma risk. Materials and Methods. 129 confirmed glioma cases were genotyped against 180 malignancy-free healthy controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (RFLP). Results. The frequency of the TT homozygous variant of the EGFR -216 G/T genotype differed significantly between cases and controls (49.6% vs. 23.0%) (p < 0.0001). The EGFR -216 G>T allele ‘T’ was found significantly more frequently in cases (0.56 vs. 0.33 in controls; p < 0.0001). The EGFR -191C>A homozygous ‘AA’ genotype was implicated significantly more frequently in cases than in controls (p < 0.0001). The distribution of the ‘A’ variant allele was also more frequent in cases (41.9%) than in controls (14.0%) (0.55 vs. 0.30; p < 0.0001). TC and TA haplotypes showed varied frequency in cases and controls. Conclusion. EGFR -216 G>T and -191 C>A variants and haplotypes (TA and TC) of the EGFR gene are very strong risk factors in the development of glioma in the Kashmiri population.
PREDICTIVE POWER OF OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS IN RECURRENCE AND SURVIVAL IN ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Jelic Marija , Mandic Aljosa , Maricic Slobodan , Bozin Biljana , Kladar Nebojsa , Sudji Jan , Conic Branislava Srdjenovic
Published: October 2023

The aim of our study was to measure the levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzymes in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer prior to treatment to determine how these evaluated biomarkers are associated with cervical cancer recurrence and to estimate their potential in further research and clinical use. Materials and Methods. The study included 45 female patients with newly diagnosed advanced cervical cancer who underwent concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The blood and urine samples were collected prior to treatment, between December 2013 and April 2016, and subsequent laboratory analysis was performed. After the medium follow-up of 29 months, the patients were divided into 3 groups according to the time of disease recurrence. A statistical analysis was performed in order to evaluate the relationship between the previously measured biomarkers and recurrence. Results. Taken individually, the parameters of oxidative stress did not reveal significant differences between the three groups in our study. Nevertheless, the catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities were the best predictors of the recurrence. Based on the activities of these two oxidative enzymes, it was possible to separate the group of patients without recurrence after follow-up from the other two groups of patients with recurrent disease. Conclusions. The parameters of oxidative stress have a certain predictive value on the outcome of patients with advanced cervical cancer after concomitant chemo-radiotherapy.
High-risk clonal lineages among extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from urban and rural stagnant water samples in Tunisia
Authors: Romdhani Amel , Cheriet Sarah , Abbassi Mohamed Salah , Lengliz Sana , Hynds Paul , Boutiba-Ben Boubaker Ilhem , Landolsi Ramzi Boubaker
Published: October 2023

This study sought to investigate the occurrence and subsequently to characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae from urban and rural stagnant water samples during the wet season (December to February) in several regions of northern Tunisia. From 56 stagnant water samples, 14 ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae were recovered, including 9 Escherichia coli, 3 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 2 K. oxytoca. Most isolates were multidrug-resistant, with ESBL production primarily encoded by blaCTX-M-15 (n = 8) and blaCTX-M-1 (n = 4) followed by blaCTX-M-55 (n = 1) and blaTEM-26 (n = 1). One K. pneumoniae isolate co-harbored blaKPC and blaCTX-M-15 genes. Class 1 integrons were detected in 4 isolates, however, sul1, sul2, and aac(6′)-Ib-cr genes were detected in eleven, two, and four isolates, respectively. The nine E. coli isolates belonged to seven sequence types namely, B2/ST131 (3 isolates), A/ST164, A/ST10, A/ST224, A/ST38, A/ST155, and A/ST69 (each of them one isolate). The three K. pneumoniae isolates were assigned to three sequence types: ST101, ST405 (harboring CTX-M-15 and KPC), and ST1564. Overall, the phenotypic and genotypic traits of collected isolates mirror the molecular epidemiology of ESBL-producing enterobacteria in Tunisia and highlight the potential role of stagnant water in both urban and rural areas as a reservoir of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Going Concern Audit of Manufacturing Companies: A Study Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Laitupa Muhammad Fadila , Pattinaja Elna Marsye , Patty Sukma Rahmi Ayu
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Profitability, Leverage and Company Growth on the receipt of going concern audit opinions before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Research using exploratory study with the type of data used is quantitative data. Population data in this study for 2019-2020 from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). Research data that was dialyzed amounted to 238 of 119 samples of manufacturing companies. Purposive sampling is one of the techniques used in research for sampling. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with data analysis techniques, namely descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Based on the results of this study shows that (1) Profitability before the COVID-19 pandemic did not affect the acceptance of Going concern audit opinions, (2) Profitability during the Covid-19 pandemic affected the receipt of Going Concern Audit Opinions, (3) Leverage before the COVID-19 pandemic does not affect the going concern audit opinion, (4) Leverage when the COVID-19 pandemic affects the going concern audit opinion, (5) Company growth before the COVID-19 pandemic does not affect the going concern audit opinion, (6) Company growth during the COVID pandemic -19 does not affect the going concern audit opinion.
Nawrócenie jako kwestia i wyzwanie ekumeniczne
Authors: Smentek Izabella
Published: October 2023

Jan Paweł II czyni nawrócenie wiodącym tematem encykliki Ut unum sint. Samo pojęcie nawrócenia jest niejednoznacznie rozumiane przez przedstawicieli różnych wyznań. Również potrzeba jedności widzialnej Kościoła nie jest tak samo odczuwana w poszczególnych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich. Działania ekumeniczne, modlitwa, współpraca to zaledwie droga do pojednania, które nie jest możliwe do osiągnięcia ludzkimi siłami. Starania te są jednak potrzebne i niezbędne. Nawrócenie to akceptacja inicjatywy Boga. To nawrócenie do wiary, dokonane w prawdzie, prowadzące do rezygnacji z egoizmu i uprzedzeń. W dzisiejszych czasach jednak również na tym polu napotkamy nieporozumienia albo przynajmniej różnice znaczeniowe. Niekiedy silnie akcentowane jest nawrócenie „ekologiczne” czy naprawienie historycznych zaszłości (rasizm, kolonializm). Wspólne wszystkim chrześcijanom jest uznanie trynitarnej komunii za źródło jedności Kościoła. Niemniej jednak w ujęciu niektórych autorów wystarczająca jest już obecna duchowa „jedność w różnorodności” bez potrzeby przywracania jej widzialnego charakteru. Chrześcijańskie nawrócenie prowadzi do całkowitego daru z siebie. Dowodem tego daru jest jednoznaczne świadectwo dawane Chrystusowi. Święty Jan Paweł II naucza, że w przypadku męczenników różnych wyznań mamy do czynienia z rzeczywistą jednością chrześcijan; nie mogą być podzieleni ci, którzy w pełni zjednoczyli się z Chrystusem.
A multi-dimensional study on finger millet crop scenario in North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Rao D. Uma Maheswara , Lakshmana K. , Swathi M. , Rao K. Tejeswara , Rao P.V.K. Jagannadha
Published: October 2023

Ragi is a staple millet crop due to its suitability for marginal soils and low input requirements. The study used simple random sampling with 150 farmers from Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam districts. Ten farmers were selected from each of the 15 identified villages. The study observed significant changes in agricultural area: Srikakulam experienced an 87.8% increase, Vizianagaram witnessed a 69.49% decrease, and Visakhapatnam had a 1.26% increase. In terms of production, Srikakulam showed a remarkable increase of 126.14%, while Vizianagaram had a decrease of 65.49%. Visakhapatnam experienced a minor decrease of 1.84% in production. Productivity varied, with Srikakulam demonstrating a 20.33% increase, Vizianagaram experiencing a decrease of 13.51%, and Visakhapatnam showing no change. The varietal spread of the Vizianagaram finger millet variety was distributed as follows: 40% in Andhra Pradesh, 38% in West Bengal, and 25.33% in Telangana. Among the finger millet varieties, Sri Chaitanya was observed in 20.8% of the area, Bharathi in 7.5%, and Champavathi in 6%. Adoption rates of improved ragi varieties were as follows: Vegavathi (33.34%), Bharathi (32.67%), Sri Chaitanya (23.34%), and Indrâvati (10%). Sowing methods varied, with 34.67% of farmers using direct sowing, 18% opting for transplantation, and only 8% applying seed treatment. The preferred sowing seasons were Kharif (50%), summer (35.34%) and Rabi (14.67%). Regarding nursery transplantation, 61.34% of farmers transplanted at 21 days for short-duration varieties. Fertilizer management practices showed that 48.67% of farmers used 4 tonnes of FYM, while 24.67% applied the recommended NPK dose. Inter-cropping patterns included Ragi+ Redgram (54%) and Ragi+ Bhendi (30%). Pest management strategies revealed that 70.67% of farmers used tricyclozole through foliar application for blast management, 56% used pseudomonas foliar application and 54% employed tricyclozole seed treatment. Shoot borer management was practiced by 58.67%, and sucking pest management by 49.34% of ragi farmers. The primary constraints identified were poor economic conditions (85%), low remunerative prices for millets (80%), high fertilizer costs (75%), and unfertile soils (74%). These findings provide insights into the agricultural practices, outcomes, and challenges faced in different districts or regions.
Nutritional health benefits of pearl millet
Authors: Sachan Nidhee , Shah Purnima
Published: October 2023

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a robust annual grass, usually 1.2–3.5 m tall. It is a staple cereal in India, and in some countries of west and southern Africa. Pearl millet (known as Bajra in Hindi, also known as sajjey in Kannada and 'Kambu' in Tamil). The largest producer are Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Hariyana. It has the capacity to produce a grain yield of 4-5 tonns per hectare. Being non-glutinous makes it a healthy option for people with a gluten allergy and celiac disease. They are power-packed with carbohydrates, essential amino acids, antioxidants, multiple vitamins like thiamine, riboflavin, folic acid, niacin, beta carotene, and minerals like iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc and phytochemicals such as polyphenols and flavonoids. In this review, along with in the nutritional composition are discussed with the emphasis on the effect of processing on the nutrient and also discussed about health benefits.