bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reacondicionamiento de edificios de oficinas mediante la integración de la agricultura y la reutilización de agua: hacia una construcción sostenible y autosuficiente
Authors:   , Bello Dragicevic María Elisa
Published: October 2023

En este estudio se aborda la problemática del consumo y la gestión del agua en edificios, enfocándose en la reutilización del agua, la agricultura vertical y la optimización de las horas de sol. La rápida urbanización y la creciente demanda de recursos en las ciudades generan presión sobre los suministros de agua dulce. Por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el potencial de estas estrategias en los edificios para contribuir a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible relacionados con el agua, la alimentación y la sostenibilidad urbana. Se empleó un enfoque multidisciplinario que combina métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Se realizaron investigaciones documentales, análisis de casos de estudio y recopilación de datos de fuentes secundarias. Además, se llevaron a cabo mediciones y análisis de la disponibilidad de luz solar en diferentes áreas de los edificios, evaluando su potencial para la integración de la agricultura vertical. Los resultados revelaron que la reutilización del agua en los edificios puede ser una estrategia efectiva para la gestión sostenible del agua y la reducción de la demanda de agua dulce. Asimismo, se encontró que la integración de la agricultura vertical puede promover la producción local de alimentos, mejorar la resiliencia de los sistemas alimentarios urbanos y fomentar la conexión con la naturaleza en entornos construidos. Este estudio se centró en el contexto de Santiago de Chile y a las limitaciones específicas de los edificios de Nueva Las Condes. Además, se identificaron desafíos técnicos, económicos y reguladores para una implementación más amplia de estas estrategias. Sin embargo, esta investigación aporta evidencia empírica sobre la viabilidad y los beneficios de la reutilización del agua, la agricultura vertical y la optimización de las horas de sol en los edificios. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de considerar enfoques sostenibles en el diseño y la planificación de los edificios, promoviendo la sostenibilidad urbana, el uso eficiente de los recursos. En resumen, esta investigación destaca el potencial de reutilización del agua y la agricultura vertical una solución de sostenibilidad urbana y aprovechamiento eficiente de los recursos naturales.
Structure from Motion (SFM) como ferramenta de reconstrução tridimensional para edificações históricas
Authors: De Paula Cesar Francisco , Cintra Jorge Pimentel , Borges Vânia de Oliveira , Pinto Reni Aparecido Norberto , Borges Alessandro de Castro , Sanjulião Lo-Ruana Karen Amorim , Reis Maria José , Ferreira Junior José da Silva , Reis Fernanda Medeiros Dutra
Published: October 2023

Com o advento da tecnologia e das técnicas computacionais é possível obter a representação de edifícios históricos de forma tridimensional e derivar outros produtos que podem ser utilizados em análises, estudos, simulações ou mesmo constituir dados de entrada para outros aspectos, como o BIM (Building Information Modeling). O uso de imagens obtidas de câmeras de pequeno formato acopladas ao VANT (Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado) pode ser uma alternativa para a reconstrução tridimensional de edifícios históricos utilizando técnicas de processamento digital como o Structure from Motion (SfM). Para aplicar a técnica, as imagens precisam ser adquiridas com alta sobreposição entre elas, constituindo múltiplas estereoposes que, por processos computacionais, são orientadas e encontradas regiões homólogas e pixels que derivarão uma densa nuvem de pontos. Neste trabalho, utilizando imagens de uma capela histórica localizada na cidade de Itaú de Minas, MG, foi possível verificar a eficiência da técnica de SfM. Além da densa nuvem de pontos, outros produtos foram obtidos como ortoimagens e extração dos detalhes da fachada principal, constituindo outros conjuntos de dados que podem ser utilizados para diferentes finalidades avaliação estrutural, conservação, monitoramento de patologias, deterioração, além de serem dados de entrada em modelagem BIM.
Knowledge, Attitude, Symptoms, and Management Practices among Middle-aged Menopausal Women: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dandannavar Vijaya S , Doe Seem , Kour Harpreet , Angolkar Mubhashir
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstrual periods following the loss of ovarian follicular activity. It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. Almost all women experience this phase and undergo various symptoms. However, menopause and its symptoms are often perceived as a normal phenomenon by women. Therefore, it is necessary to educate women about the complications of menopause and strategies to cope with them. Aim: To assess knowledge and attitude on menopause and management practices of menopausal symptoms among women aged 40-55 years. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted for seven months, from June 11, 2019, to December 31, 2019, among 196 naturally menopausal women aged between 40 and 55 years residing in Ashok Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire that included information on sociodemographic profiles, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) towards menopause. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: Of the study participants, 109 (55.6%) were found to have average knowledge regarding menopause, 176 (89.8%) had a neutral attitude towards menopause, and approximately 173 (88.3%) had average practices towards managing menopausal symptoms. Conclusion: The study participants exhibited average knowledge and neutral attitudes towards menopause. Their management practices for menopausal symptoms were also found to be average. There is an urgent need to raise awareness among women regarding knowledge about menopause.
Bird species richness and abundance in remnant eucalypt forest on the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales: A removal experiment
Authors: Recher Harry F.
Published: October 2023

Birds were removed after counting numbers along a creek reserve established when old growth eucalypt forest on the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales was cleared for pine plantations. Removal ceased after the number of individuals collected exceeded the number estimated by census to be present. Removal was followed by rapid recolonization probably from a large area of uncleared forest continuous with the reserve. This is similar to results obtained in removal experiments in North America which found the bird community contained ‘surplus’ or ‘floating’ individuals that immediately occupied vacant habitat. The large number of ‘floaters’ we identified by collection on the creek reserve assists in explaining the rapid recolonization by birds of habitats affected by wildfires and has significant conservation benefits.
TÜRK SİYASETİNDE YENİ BİR PROPAGANDA ARACI: 1970’Lİ YILLARDA TELEVİZYONUN POLİTİZASYONU
Authors: İZMİR Bahar
Published: October 2023

Türkiye’de televizyon yayıncılığı Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumunun (TRT) 31 Ocak 1968 tarihinde Ankara’da gerçekleştirdiği deneme yayınıyla resmen başladı. Televizyon yaygınlaştıkça kitleler üzerindeki etkisi de fark edildi. 1971 Muhtırasını yapan kadronun ilk iş olarak TRT’nin özerkliğini kaldırması, televizyonun siyasi gücünün farkına varıldığını gösteriyordu. 2 Ağustos 1974 tarihinden itibaren, TRT sürekli olarak Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı ile ilgili haber ve belgesellere yer verdi, bu sayede televizyon Türkiye açısından milli olarak kabul edilen bir konuyu tüm Türkiye’ye ve dünyaya duyurarak rüştünü ispatlamış oldu. Aynı şekilde, 1970'li yıllar, Süleyman Demirel ve Bülent Ecevit'in neredeyse her gece televizyon aracılığıyla halka hitap edip bir platforma dönüştü. Böylece, 1970’li yıllarda televizyonun politizasyonu süreci de başladı. 1970’li yıllar boyunca, televizyon bir propaganda aracı olarak nasıl kullanıldı? Televizyonun propaganda aracı olarak kullanılmasının yasal zemini nasıl oluştu? Bu makale, söz konusu sorulara cevaplar aramayı ve bundan hareketle Türk siyasi hayatına dair sonuçlar çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Makale, TRT Arşivi, dönemin süreli yayınları ve arşiv belgeleri ışığında televizyonun propaganda işlevi ve bunun yasal çerçevesini analitik bir şekilde değerlendirilmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Corticotropin Stimulation in Adrenal Venous Sampling for Patients With Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Yang Shumin , Du Zhipeng , Zhang Xizi , Zhen Qianna , Shu Xiaoyu , Yang Jun , Song Ying , Yang Yi , Li Qifu , Hu Jinbo ,   Chongqing Primary Aldosteronism Study (CONPASS) Group, Mei Mei , Luo Suxin , Liao Kangla , Zhang Yao , He Yunfeng , He Yihong , Xiao Ming , Peng Bin
Published: October 2023

Importance

Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is usually recommended to distinguish between unilateral and bilateral primary aldosteronism (PA) before definitive surgical or medical treatment is offered. Whether a treatment decision based on AVS with or without corticotropin (ACTH) stimulation leads to different biochemical and clinical remission rates in patients with PA remains unclear.

Objective

To evaluate whether treatment decisions based on AVS with or without ACTH stimulation lead to different biochemical and clinical remission rates in patients with PA.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China from July 8, 2020, to February 20, 2023, among patients with PA aged 18 to 70 years. Patients were followed up for 12 months after the initiation of treatment. An intention-to-diagnose analysis was conducted.

Interventions

Patients were randomly assigned to undergo either ACTH-stimulated or non–ACTH-stimulated AVS.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary end point was the proportion of patients with complete biochemical remission after 12 months of follow-up. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of patients who achieved complete clinical remission after 12 months of follow-up, dosages of antihypertensive agents, rate of successful bilateral AVS, and adverse events.

Results

Of 228 patients with PA, 115 were randomized to the non–ACTH-stimulated group (median age, 50.0 years [IQR, 41.0-57.0 years]; 70 males [60.9%]) and 113 to the ACTH-stimulated group (median age, 50.0 years [IQR, 43.5-56.5 years]; 63 males [55.8%]). A total of 68 patients (59.1%) underwent adrenalectomy in the non-ACTH group and 65 (57.5%) in the ACTH group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with complete biochemical remission who were managed on the basis of AVS with vs without ACTH stimulation (with: 56 of 113 [49.6%]; without: 59 of 115 [51.3%]; P = .79). There also was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who achieved complete clinical remission between the non-ACTH and ACTH groups (26 of 115 [22.6%] and 31 of 113 [27.4%], respectively; P = .40). The intensity of therapy with antihypertensives, successful catheterization of bilateral adrenal veins, and incidence of adverse events did not significantly differ between the non-ACTH and ACTH groups.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this RCT, treatment of PA on the basis of non–ACTH-stimulated or ACTH-stimulated AVS did not lead to significant differences in clinical outcomes for the patients. These results suggest that ACTH stimulation during AVS may not have clinical benefit, at least in the Chinese population.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04461535
The impact of multimedia design and the accent of the instructor on student learning and evaluations of teaching
Authors: Silaj Katie M. , Frangiyyeh Antonia , Paquette‐Smith Melissa
Published: October 2023

In college classrooms, the language background of instructors is rarely considered when designing instructional materials. Previous work suggests that redundant text on slides during multimedia presentations can hinder learning (i.e., the redundancy principle). The current study examines whether additional text support can facilitate learning when the instructor speaks with a non‐native accent. In two experiments conducted in the United States, participants were randomly assigned to watch a lecture with more or less text on the slides narrated by either a Mandarin‐ or an American‐accented instructor. Then, participants completed a multiple‐choice assessment and evaluation of the instructor's effectiveness. The amount of text on the slides and the accent of the instructor did not differentially impact performance on the assessment. However, students rated the instructor who spoke with a Mandarin accent less favorably, suggesting that accent‐based biases influence students' perceptions of teaching even when there are no observable differences in learning.
An Edible Supercapacitor Based on Zwitterionic Soy Sauce‐Based Gel Electrolyte
Authors: Durukan Mete Batuhan , Keskin Deniz , Tufan Yiğithan , Dincer Orcun , Cicek Melih Ogeday , Yildiz Bayram , Çınar Aygün Simge , Ercan Batur , Unalan Husnu Emrah
Published: October 2023

With rapid technological developments, the use and reliance on small and miniaturized electronics have increased significantly. Prevalent power sources used in wearable and implantable devices are based on potentially toxic materials. This creates massive environmental problems and generates waste that requires novel and sustainable solutions in the Internet of Things era. Alongside newly developed biodegradable and implantable devices, edible and ingestible electronic devices have emerged to create a niche and sustainable solution. To realize these devices, energy sources must also be edible and ingestible. Here, zwitterionic and edible gel electrolytes are produced using hydroxyethyl cellulose and commercial soy sauce (shoyu) for superior ionic conductivity, providing a favorable environment for L929 proliferation. These edible gels are combined with carbon electrodes to fabricate edible supercapacitor devices, resulting in an ideal double‐layer capacitance. These gels have been discovered to operate at sub‐zero temperatures and possess anti‐drying properties. Introducing an edible soy sauce‐based gel with impressive ionic performance provides a promising alternative to conventional energy storage devices, enabling the advancement of cutting‐edge ingestible healthcare devices and environmentally friendly electronics.
Degradation Evolution of Perovskite Solar Cells via In Situ Real‐Time Optical Observation
Authors: Xia Binyun , Jin Junjun , Wang Ning , Tai Qidong
Published: October 2023

Understanding the degradation kinetics of perovskite materials in operating perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is critical for developing methods to further enhance their device stability. However, it remains a challenge to capture the details and characteristics of the perovskite degradation process inside operating PSCs under different environmental conditions in real‐time at the microscopic scale. Herein, a novel, nondestructive real‐time in situ monitoring method based on a tapered seven‐core fiber optic sensor is demonstrated. The fiber‐optic sensor can be facilely inserted near the surface of the perovskite layer of a working PSCs to monitor its degradation kinetics without interfering with the performance of the device. Stable and reproducible correlations between real‐time material degradation and optical wavelength response under different humidity and temperature conditions are observed and quantified. This new measurement tool allows real‐time access to the detailed degradation evolution of PSCs, which not only guides the design of more stable devices but also offers the possibility to monitor the health status of PSCs in field applications.
Achieving High Power Density and Durability of Multilayered Swing‐Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerator toward Marine Environmental Protection
Authors: Wang Xiangyi , Ye Cuiying , Chen Pengfei , Pang Hao , Wei Chuanhui , Duan Yuxue , Jiang Tao , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: October 2023

Protecting marine environment is an important and urgent task to maintain marine ecological balance. As a promising blue energy harvesting technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can provide electrical energy for marine environmental protection. Previous reported swing‐structured TENGs have advantages of low driving force in low‐frequency water waves and strong durability, but the space utilization and volume power density are relatively low. Here, a multilayered swing‐structured TENG (MS‐TENG) with low wear is designed to increase the space utilization rate, and thereby enhance the output performance. The MS‐TENG generates the highest peak power density of 15.18 W m−3 Hz−1 and average power density of 3.56 W m−3 Hz−1 under water wave triggering at 0.8 Hz. By coupling the charge pumping and non‐contact mode of main TENGs, the MS‐TENG achieves strong performance stability, exhibiting little attenuation of electric output after 240 000 cycles. Furthermore, the MS‐TENG has successfully powered a water quality detector for self‐powered ballast water quality monitoring, and an application is presented about electrical dehydration of water‐in‐oil emulsions driven by the MS‐TENG with a dehydration rate of 99.6%. This work promotes the development of high power density MS‐TENG and demonstrates its application potential for self‐powered marine environmental protection.
In Situ Twistronics: A New Platform Based on Superlubricity
Authors: Liu Jianxin , Yang Xiaoqi , Fang Hui , Yan Weidong , Ouyang Wengen , Liu Ze
Published: October 2023

Twistronics, an emerging field focused on exploring the unique electrical properties induced by twist interface in graphene multilayers, has garnered significant attention in recent years. The general manipulation of twist angle depends on the assembly of van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, which has led to the discovery of unconventional superconductivity, ferroelectricity, and nonlinear optics, thereby expanding the realm of twistronics. Recently, in situ tuning of interlayer conductivity in vdW layered materials has been achieved based on scanning probe microscope. In this Perspective, the advancements in in situ twistronics are focused on by reviewing the state‐of‐the‐art in situ manipulating technology, discussing the underlying mechanism based on the concept of structural superlubricity, and exploiting the real‐time twistronic tests under scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is shown that the real‐time manipulation under SEM allows for visualizing and monitoring the interface status during in situ twistronic testing. By harnessing the unique tribological properties of vdW layered materials, this novel platform not only enhances the fabrication of twistronic devices but also facilitates the fundamental understanding of interface phenomena in vdW layered materials. Moreover, this platform holds great promise for the application of twistronic‐mechanical systems, providing avenues for the integration of twistronics into various mechanical frameworks.
Bionic Luminescent Skin as Ultrasensitive Temperature‐Acoustic Sensor for Underwater Information Perception and Transmission
Authors: Xu Xin , Yan Bing
Published: October 2023

Bioinspired artificial luminescent skin (L‐skin) integrated with multiple sensing functions significantly promotes the development of smart devices. It is considerably challenging to realize underwater sensing technologies. Here, a sharkskin‐inspired Eu@HOF‐TJ‐1@TA L‐skin (1) is prepared for both temperature and sound sensing. 1 is an ultrathin and flexible temperature sensor, in 298.15–358.15 K, exhibiting ultrahigh maximum relative sensitivity (97.669% K−1) and low minimum uncertainty (0.000 952 K). The temperature response mechanism is analyzed deeply. As a waterproofing acoustic sensor, 1 can monitor sound in both air and water with the greatest sound response frequencies of 400 and 300 Hz in air and water, respectively. The maximum sensitivities of 1 in air and water are 6 593 765.2 and 1 346 124.5 cps Pa−1, respectively. The response times of 1 in air and water are as fast as 20 and 10 ms. The sound response processes of 1 in air and water are simulated by finite element simulation. Moreover, by using sharkskin‐inspired 1, the actual water temperature can be monitored, and a series of water sound information can be recognized by using an artificial neural network. This work proposes a sharkskin‐inspired L‐skin for temperature and acoustic sensing and promotes the development of underwater sensing technology with high performances.
Spectrally Selective Hole Extraction Structure Enables a Self‐Powered Perovskite Solar‐Blind Photodetector with Record Responsivity and Detectivity
Authors: Hou Hong‐Yi , Tian Shuo , Chen Jing‐De , Ling Hong‐Hui , Ren Hao , Zhang Ye‐Fan , Ge Heng‐Ru , Chen Wei‐Shuo , Li Yan‐Qing , Mao Hongying , Ishii Hisao , Tang Jian‐Xin
Published: October 2023

Photodiode‐type solar‐blind photodetectors (SBPDs) with the self‐powered feature hold great promise for applications in unattended secure communication, flame detection, and missile warning. However, the responsivity of SBPDs is usually limited due to the severe solar‐blind (SB) light extinction in substrates and charge transport layers. Herein, a spectrally selective hole extraction structure (SHE) is proposed for high‐efficiency perovskite SBPDs. The SHE consisting of a tandem Fabry–Perot cavity and energy‐level‐matched hole transport layer endows the device with narrowband absorption in the SB region and optimized charge extraction capability from the CsPbI2Br perovskite. The optimized SHE exhibits a peak transmittance of 27% at 255 nm and a half maximum at full width of 28 nm. Under SB light illumination, the champion device achieves a responsivity of 56.20 mA W−1 and a detectivity (D*) of 2.86 × 1013 Jones, which are the record values among the reported results. The approach demonstrated here paves the way for the optical and electrical design of perovskite photodetectors with spectrally selective detection.
A Comprehensive Guide to Bifacial Perovskite Solar Cells: Simulation and Optimization
Authors: Sinha Numeshwar Kumar , Ghosh Dhriti Sundar , Khare Ayush
Published: October 2023

Bifacial perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received much attention from researchers and scientists. Recently, a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.40% (front illumination) and 20.01% (rear illumination) of bifacial PSC has shown immense potential to take over the photovoltaic industry. However, the PCE bifacial PSCs still have a long way to go, as compared to their mono‐facial PSCs counterparts (PCE 26.1%). This gap in the performance level propels us to get more insight into the device physics of bifacial PSCs. In this work, bifacial PSCs are simulated and optimized by selecting an appropriate choice of the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). In this study, it is found that the conduction band offset (CBO) and valance band offset (VBO) play a vital role in choosing a proper charge‐selective layer. The band alignment highly affects the Shockley‐Read‐Hall (SRH) recombination rate and consequently, the device performance. The bandgap of the rear transparent electrode (RTE) plays a vital role in photo‐absorption and band alignment at the HTL/RTE interface and hence the device performance. This investigation reveals that the perovskite absorber material should be intrinsic in semiconducting nature to achieve a higher bifacial factor from the device.
A 3D‐Printed Dual Driving Forces Scaffold with Self‐Promoted Cell Absorption for Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Qiu Chen , Sun Yuan , Li Jinying , Zhou Jiayi , Xu Yuchen , Qiu Cong , Yu Kang , Liu Jia , Jiang Yuanqing , Cui Wenyu , Wang Guanghao , Liu He , Yuan Weixin , Jiang Tuoying , Kou Yaohui , Ge Zhen , He Zhiying , Zhang Shaomin , He Yong , Yu Luyang
Published: October 2023

Stem cells play critical roles in cell therapies and tissue engineering for nerve repair. However, achieving effective delivery of high cell density remains a challenge. Here, a novel cell delivery platform termed the hyper expansion scaffold (HES) is developed to enable high cell loading. HES facilitated self‐promoted and efficient cell absorption via a dual driving force model. In vitro tests revealed that the HES rapidly expanded 80‐fold in size upon absorbing 2.6 million human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) within 2 min, representing over a 400% increase in loading capacity versus controls. This enhanced uptake benefited from macroscopic swelling forces as well as microscale capillary action. In spinal cord injury (SCI) rats, HES–hAESCs promoted functional recovery and axonal projection by reducing neuroinflammation and improving the neurotrophic microenvironment surrounding the lesions. In summary, the dual driving forces model provides a new rationale for engineering hydrogel scaffolds to facilitate self‐promoted cell absorption. The HES platform demonstrates great potential as a powerful and efficient vehicle for delivering high densities of hAESCs to promote clinical treatment and repair of SCI.
Enabling Survival of Transplanted Neural Precursor Cells in the Ischemic Brain
Authors: Wang Zhifu , Zheng Danyi , Tan Ye Sing , Yuan Qiang , Yuan Fang , Zhang Su‐Chun
Published: October 2023

There is no effective therapy for ischemic stroke following the acute stage. Neural transplantation offers a potential option for repairing the ischemic lesion. However, this strategy is hindered by the poor survival of the neural precursor cells (NPCs) that are transplanted into the inflammatory ischemic core. Here, a chemical cocktail consisting of fibrinogen and maraviroc is developed to promote the survival of the transplanted NPCs in the ischemic core of the mouse cerebral cortex. The grafted NPCs survive in the presence of the cocktail but not fibrinogen or maraviroc alone at day 7. The surviving NPCs divide and differentiate to mature neurons by day 30, reconstituting the infarct cortex with vascularization. Molecular analysis in vivo and in vitro shows that blocking the activation of CCR5 on the NPCs protects the NPCs from apoptosis induced by pro‐inflammatory factors, revealing the underlying protective effect of the cocktail for NPCs. The findings open an avenue to enable survival of the transplanted NPCs under the inflammatory neurological conditions like stroke.
Reshaping Intratumoral Mononuclear Phagocytes with Antibody‐Opsonized Immunometabolic Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhou Yanfeng , Guo Daoxia , Huang Yan , Ji Xiaoyuan , Li Qian , Chen Nan , Fan Chunhai , Song Haiyun
Published: October 2023

Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) are vital components of host immune defenses against cancer. However, tumor‐infiltrating MPs often present tolerogenic and pro‐tumorigenic phenotypes via metabolic switching triggered by excessive lipid accumulation in solid tumors. Inspired by viral infection‐mediated MP modulation, here enveloped immunometabolic nanoparticles (immeNPs) are designed to co‐deliver a viral RNA analog and a fatty acid oxidation regulator for synergistic reshaping of intratumoral MPs. These immeNPs are camouflaged with cancer cell membranes for tumor homing and opsonized with anti‐CD163 antibodies for specific MP recognition and uptake. It is found that internalized immeNPs coordinate lipid metabolic reprogramming with innate immune stimulation, inducing M2‐to‐M1 macrophage repolarization and tolerogenic‐to‐immunogenic dendritic cell differentiation for cytotoxic T cell infiltration. The authors further demonstrate that the use of immeNPs confers susceptibility to anti‐PD‐1 therapy in immune checkpoint blockade‐resistant breast and ovarian tumors, and thereby provide a promising strategy to expand the potential of conventional immunotherapy.
A Hyperflexible Electrode Array for Long‐Term Recording and Decoding of Intraspinal Neuronal Activity
Authors: Fan Jie , Li Xiaocheng , Wang Peiyu , Yang Fan , Zhao Bingzhen , Yang Jianing , Zhao Zhengtuo , Li Xue
Published: October 2023

Neural interfaces for stable access to the spinal cord (SC) electrical activity can benefit patients with motor dysfunctions. Invasive high‐density electrodes can directly extract signals from SC neuronal populations that can be used for the facilitation, adjustment, and reconstruction of motor actions. However, developing neural interfaces that can achieve high channel counts and long‐term intraspinal recording remains technically challenging. Here, a biocompatible SC hyperflexible electrode array (SHEA) with an ultrathin structure that minimizes mechanical mismatch between the interface and SC tissue and enables stable single‐unit recording for more than 2 months in mice is demonstrated. These results show that SHEA maintains stable impedance, signal‐to‐noise ratio, single‐unit yield, and spike amplitude after implantation into mouse SC. Gait analysis and histology show that SHEA implantation induces negligible behavioral effects and Inflammation. Additionally, multi‐unit signals recorded from the SC ventral horn can predict the mouse's movement trajectory with a high decoding coefficient of up to 0.95. Moreover, during step cycles, it is found that the neural trajectory of spikes and low‐frequency local field potential (LFP) signal exhibits periodic geometry patterns. Thus, SHEA can offer an efficient and reliable SC neural interface for monitoring and potentially modulating SC neuronal activity associated with motor dysfunctions.
Charge Self‐Regulation of Metallic Heterostructure Ni2P@Co9S8 for Alkaline Water Electrolysis with Ultralow Overpotential at Large Current Density
Authors: Zhu Xingxing , Yao Xue , Lang Xingyou , Liu Jie , Singh Chandra‐Veer , Song Erhong , Zhu Yongfu , Jiang Qing
Published: October 2023

Designing cost‐effective alkaline water‐splitting electrocatalysts is essential for large‐scale hydrogen production. However, nonprecious catalysts face challenges in achieving high activity and durability at a large current density. An effective strategy for designing high‐performance electrocatalysts is regulating the active electronic states near the Fermi‐level, which can improve the intrinsic activity and increase the number of active sites. As a proof‐of‐concept, it proposes a one‐step self‐assembly approach to fabricate a novel metallic heterostructure based on nickel phosphide and cobalt sulfide (Ni2P@Co9S8) composite. The charge transfer between active Ni sites of Ni2P and Co─Co bonds of Co9S8 efficiently enhances the active electronic states of Ni sites, and consequently, Ni2P@Co9S8 exhibits remarkably low overpotentials of 188 and 253 mV to reach the current density of 100 mA cm−2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, respectively. This leads to the Ni2P@Co9S8 incorporated water electrolyzer possessing an ultralow cell voltage of 1.66 V@100 mA cm−2 with ≈100% retention over 100 h, surpassing the commercial Pt/C║RuO2 catalyst (1.9 V@100 mA cm−2). This work provides a promising methodology to boost the activity of overall water splitting with ultralow overpotentials at large current density by shedding light on the charge self‐regulation of metallic heterostructure.
Inhibition of CK2/ING4 Pathway Facilitates Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Gou Qian , Chen Huiqing , Chen Mingjun , Shi Juanjuan , Jin Jianhua , Liu Qian , Hou Yongzhong
Published: October 2023

Immune cells can protect against tumor progression by killing cancer cells, while aberrant expression of the immune checkpoint protein PD‐L1 (programmed death ligand 1) in cancer cells facilitates tumor immune escape and inhibits anti‐tumor immunotherapy. As a serine/threonine kinase, CK2 (casein kinase 2) regulates tumor progression by multiple pathways, while it is still unclear the effect of CK2 on tumor immune escape. Here it is found that ING4 induced PD‐L1 autophagic degradation and inhibites non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) immune escape by increasing T cell activity. However, clinical analysis suggests that high expression of CK2 correlates with low ING4 protein level in NSCLC. Further analysis shows that CK2 induce ING4‐S150 phosphorylation leading to ING4 ubiquitination and degradation by JFK ubiquitin ligase. In contrast, CK2 gene knockout increases ING4 protein stability and T cell activity, subsequently, inhibites NSCLC immune escape. Furthermore, the combined CK2 inhibitor with PD‐1 antibody effectively enhances antitumor immunotherapy. These findings provide a novel strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
HNEAP Regulates Necroptosis of Cardiomyocytes by Suppressing the m5C Methylation of Atf7 mRNA
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Fu‐Hai , Zhou Lu‐Yu , Zhao Xue‐Mei , Gao Xiang‐Qian , Liu Cui‐Yun , Li Xin‐Min , Chen Xin‐Zhe , Zhao Yan , Cheng Xue‐Li , Wang Rui‐Quan , Li Rui‐Feng , Zhang Yu‐Hui , Gao Fei , Tian Jin‐Wei , Wang Kun
Published: October 2023

PIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are highly expressed in various cardiovascular diseases. However, their role in cardiomyocyte death caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, especially necroptosis, remains elusive. In this study, a heart necroptosis‐associated piRNA (HNEAP) is found that regulates cardiomyocyte necroptosis by targeting DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)‐mediated 5‐methylcytosine (m5C) methylation of the activating transcription factor 7 (Atf7) mRNA transcript. HNEAP expression level is significantly elevated in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐exposed cardiomyocytes and I/R‐injured mouse hearts. Loss of HNEAP inhibited cardiomyocyte necroptosis and ameliorated cardiac function in mice. Mechanistically, HNEAP directly interacts with DNMT1 and attenuates m5C methylation of the Atf7 mRNA transcript, which increases Atf7 expression level. ATF7 can further downregulate the transcription of Chmp2a, an inhibitor of necroptosis, resulting in the reduction of Chmp2a level and the progression of cardiomyocyte necroptosis. The findings reveal that piRNA‐mediated m5C methylation is involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte necroptosis. Thus, the HNEAP‐DNMT1‐ATF7‐CHMP2A axis may be a potential target for attenuating cardiac injury caused by necroptosis in ischemic heart disease.
Moiré‐Assisted Realization of Octahedral MoTe2 Monolayer
Authors: Saruta Yasuaki , Sugawara Katsuaki , Oka Hirofumi , Kawakami Tappei , Kato Takemi , Nakayama Kosuke , Souma Seigo , Takahashi Takashi , Fukumura Tomoteru , Sato Takafumi
Published: October 2023

A current key challenge in 2D materials is the realization of emergent quantum phenomena in hetero structures via controlling the moiré potential created by the periodicity mismatch between adjacent layers, as highlighted by the discovery of superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene. Generally, the lattice structure of the original host material remains unchanged even after the moiré superlattice is formed. However, much less attention is paid for the possibility that the moiré potential can also modify the original crystal structure itself. Here, it is demonstrated that octahedral MoTe2 which is unstable in bulk is stabilized in a commensurate MoTe2/graphene hetero‐bilayer due to the moiré potential created between the two layers. It is found that the reconstruction of electronic states via the moiré potential is responsible for this stabilization, as evidenced by the energy‐gap opening at the Fermi level observed by angle‐resolved photoemission and scanning tunneling spectroscopies. The present results provide a fresh approach to realize novel 2D quantum phases by utilizing the moiré potential.
Conjugation‐Induced Spin Delocalization in Helical Chiral Carbon Radicals via Through‐Bond and Through‐Space Effects
Authors: Duan Longhui , Xue Xiaoping , Hong Biqiong , Gu Zhenhua
Published: October 2023

A class of highly stable hydrocarbon radicals with helical chirality are synthesized, which can be isolated and purified by routine column chromatography on silica gel. These carbon‐centered radicals are stabilized by through‐bond delocalization and intramolecular through‐space conjugation, which is evidenced by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation. The high stability enables to directly modify the carbon radical via palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling with the radical being untapped. The structures and optoelectronic properties are investigated with a variety of experimental methods, including Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Ultraviolet Visisble Near Infrared (UV–vis–NIR) measurements, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), Circular Dichroism (CD) spectra, High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and X‐ray crystallographic analysis. DFT calculations indicated that the 9‐anthryl helical radical is more stable than its tail‐to‐tail σ‐dimer over 13.2 kJ mol−1, which is consistent with experimental observations.
Fusing Positive and Negative CT Contrast Nanoagent for the Sensitive Detection of Hepatoma
Authors: Meng Xianfu , Gao Jiahao , Sun Yanhong , Duan Fei , Chen Bixue , Lv Guanglei , Li Huiyan , Jiang Xingwu , Wu Yelin , Zhang Jiawen , Fang Xiangming , Yao Zhenwei , Zuo Changjing , Bu Wenbo
Published: October 2023

Positive computed tomography (CT) contrast nanoagent has significant applications in diagnosing tumors. However, the sensitive differentiation between hepatoma and normal liver tissue remains challenging. This challenge arises primarily because both normal liver and hepatoma tissues capture the nanoagent, resulting in similar positive CT contrasts. Here, a strategy for fusing positive and negative CT contrast nanoagent is proposed to detect hepatoma. A nanoagent Hf‐MOF@AB@PVP initially generates a positive CT contrast signal of 120.3 HU in the liver. Subsequently, it can specifically respond to the acidic microenvironment of hepatoma to generate H2, further achieving a negative contrast of −96.0 HU. More importantly, the relative position between the negative and positive signals area is helpful to determine the location of hepatoma and normal liver tissues. The distinct contrast difference of 216.3 HU and relative orientation between normal liver and tumor tissues are meaningful to sensitively distinguish hepatoma from normal liver tissue utilizing CT imaging.
Room‐Temperature Molding of Complex‐Shaped Transparent Fused Silica Lenses
Authors: Xu Ya , Du Xiaotong , Wang Zhenhua , Liu Hua , Huang Peng , To Suet , Zhu LiMin , Zhu Zhiwei
Published: October 2023

The high hardness, brittleness, and thermal resistance impose significant challenges in the scalable manufacturing of fused silica lenses, which are widely used in numerous applications. Taking advantage of the nanocomposites by stirring silica nanopowders with photocurable resins, the newly emerged low‐temperature pre‐shaping technique provides a paradigm shift in fabricating transparent fused silica components. However, preparing the silica slurry and carefully evaporating the organics may significantly increase the process complexity and decrease the manufacturing efficiency for the nanocomposite‐based technique. By directly pressing pure silica nanopowders against the complex‐shaped metal molds in minutes, this work reports an entirely different room‐temperature molding method capable of mass replication of complex‐shaped silica lenses without organic additives. After sintering the replicated lenses, fully transparent fused silica lenses with spherical, arrayed, and freeform patterns are generated with nanometric surface roughness and well‐reserved mold shapes, demonstrating a scalable and cost‐effective route surpassing the current techniques for the manufacturing of high‐quality fused silica lenses.
Design of High‐Performance Organic Nonlinear Optical and Terahertz Crystals by Controlling the van der Waals Volume
Authors: Shin Bong‐Rim , Puc Uros , Park Yu‐Jin , Kim Dong‐Joo , Lee Chae‐Won , Yoon Woojin , Yun Hoseop , Kim Chaeyoon , Rotermund Fabian , Jazbinsek Mojca , Kwon O‐Pil
Published: October 2023

In the development of new organic crystals for nonlinear optical and terahertz (THz) applications, it is very challenging to achieve the essentially required non‐centrosymmetric molecular arrangement. Moreover, the resulting crystal structure is mostly unpredictable due to highly dipolar molecular components with complex functional substituents. In this work, new organic salt crystals with top‐level macroscopic optical nonlinearity by controlling the van der Waals volume (VvdW), rather than by trial and error, are logically designed. When the VvdW of molecular ionic components varies, the corresponding crystal symmetry shows an observable trend: change from centrosymmetric to non‐centrosymmetric and back to centrosymmetric. All non‐centrosymmetric crystals exhibit an isomorphic P1 crystal structure with an excellent macroscopic second‐order nonlinear optical response. Apart from the top‐level macroscopic optical nonlinearity, new organic crystals introducing highly electronegative fluorinated substituents with strong secondary bonding ability show excellent performance in efficient and broadband THz wave generation, high crystal density, high thermal stability, and good bulk crystal growth ability.
Perfusion Window Chambers Enable Interventional Analyses of Tumor Microenvironments
Authors: Korolj Anastasia , Kohler Rainer H. , Scott Ella , Halabi Elias A. , Lucas Kilean , Carlson Jonathan C.T. , Weissleder Ralph
Published: October 2023

Intravital microscopy (IVM) allows spatial and temporal imaging of different cell types in intact live tissue microenvironments. IVM has played a critical role in understanding cancer biology, invasion, metastases, and drug development. One considerable impediment to the field is the inability to interrogate the tumor microenvironment and its communication cascades during disease progression and therapeutic interventions. Here, a new implantable perfusion window chamber (PWC) is described that allows high‐fidelity in vivo microscopy, local administration of stains and drugs, and longitudinal sampling of tumor interstitial fluid. This study shows that the new PWC design allows cyclic multiplexed imaging in vivo, imaging of drug action, and sampling of tumor‐shed materials. The PWC will be broadly useful as a novel perturbable in vivo system for deciphering biology in complex microenvironments.
Exosomal miR‐181d‐5p Derived from Rapamycin‐Conditioned MDSC Alleviated Allograft Rejection by Targeting KLF6
Authors: Wei Chao , Sun Yaru , Zeng Fanxing , Chen Xiunian , Ma Li , Liu Xiaoxue , Qi Xiaolin , Shi Weiyun , Gao Hua
Published: October 2023

Immune rejection and side effects of long‐term administration of immunosuppressants are the two major obstacles to allograft acceptance and tolerance. The immunosuppressive extracellular vesicles (EVs)‐based approach has been proven to be effective in treating autoimmune/inflammatory disorders. Herein, the anti‐rejection advantage of exosomes (Rapa‐Exo) from rapamycin‐conditioned myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) over exosomes (Exo‐Nor) from the untreated MDSCs is shown. The exosomal small RNA sequencing and loss‐of‐function assays reveal that the anti‐rejection effect of Rapa‐Exo functionally relies on miR‐181d‐5p. Through target prediction and double‐luciferase reporter assay, Kruppel‐like factor (KLF) 6 is identified as a direct target of miR‐181d‐5p. Finally, KLF6 knockdown markedly resolves inflammation and prolongs the survival of corneal allografts. Taken together, these findings support that Rapa‐Exo executes an anti‐rejection effect, highlighting the immunosuppressive EVs‐based treatment as a promising approach in organ transplantation.
Cellular Automata Inspired Multistable Origami Metamaterials for Mechanical Learning
Authors: Liu Zuolin , Fang Hongbin , Xu Jian , Wang Kon‐Well
Published: October 2023

Recent advances in multistable metamaterials reveal a link between structural configuration transition and Boolean logic, heralding a new generation of computationally capable intelligent materials. To enable higher‐level computation, existing computational frameworks require the integration of large‐scale networked logic gates, which places demanding requirements on the fabrication of materials counterparts and the propagation of signals. Inspired by cellular automata, a novel computational framework based on multistable origami metamaterials by incorporating reservoir computing is proposed, which can accomplish high‐level computation tasks without the need to construct a logic gate network. This approach thus eliminates the demanding requirements for the fabrication of materials and signal propagation when constructing large‐scale networks for high‐level computation in conventional mechanical logic. Using the multistable stacked Miura‐origami metamaterial as a validation platform, digit recognition is experimentally implemented by a single actuator. Moreover, complex tasks, such as handwriting recognition and 5‐bit memory tasks, are also shown to be feasible with the new computation framework. The research represents a significant advancement in developing a new generation of intelligent materials with advanced computational capabilities. With continued research and development, these materials can have a transformative impact on a wide range of fields, from computational science to material mechano‐intelligence technology and beyond.
Synergistically Boosting the Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Functionalized Pillar[5]arenes by Polymerization and Aggregation
Authors: Yan Hewei , Yin Xiaojun , Wang Dong , Han Ting , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2023

Supramolecular polymers based on chiral macrocycles have attracted increasing attention in the field of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) owing to their unique properties. However, the construction of macrocyclic supramolecular polymers with highly efficient CPL properties in aggregate states still remains challenging. Herein, w e constructed a class of macrocycle‐based coordination polymers by combining the planar chiral properties of pillar[5]arene with the excellent fluorescence properties of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens. The formation of polymers enhances both the fluorescence and chiral properties, resulting in chiral supramolecular polymers with remarkable CPL properties. Increasing the aggregation degree of the polymers can further improve their CPL properties, as evidenced by a 21‐fold increase in the dissymmetry factor and an over 25‐fold increase in the fluorescence quantum yield in the aggregate state compared to the solution state. Such a synergistic effect of polymerization‐ and aggregation‐enhanced CPL can be explained by the restriction of intramolecular motions and aggregation‐induced conformation confinement. This work provides a promising method for developing highly efficient CPL supramolecular polymers.