bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nano-Domains of Nuclear Magnetic Moments for Gravitational Stimulation of Biological Processes
Authors: Little Reginald B.
Published: March 2022

The recent theory of divergent integrations and divergent differentiations of superluminous spaces for new calculus of the objects for applications for new theory for the mechanics of gravity and the coupling of gravity to electromagnetic fields is applied here to recent data for the zero-gravity altering the biological processes of polymerase proteins replicating DNA for inducing misreadings and mistakes during reproduction for gravity affecting life and cancer. This paper presents new mode for coupling classical to quantum mechanics by gravity. The gravitational stimulating nuclei, hadrons and leptons for hidden drive of dynamics in matter for causing life is outlined. Alterations of gravity and relative motions for altering these dynamics for disease are shortly reviewed. The irrational, fractional superluminous nature of gravity is shown to manifest its nature and action; the distinct coupling of null NMMs relative to nonzero NMMs is given and moreover the different couplings of positive and negative NMMs and combinations thereof are given. The 1H, 14N, and 31P stable isotopes and the almost 100% relative abundances of their positive NMMs are noted to play roles in the origin and development of life and the manifestation of life by the action of gravity on these nano-domains of nonzero NMMs for manifesting ferromagnetism for all positive or all negative NMMs and/or antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetism of mixed positive and negative NMMs. The uniquenesses of the second-row elements for life and hydrogen are considered. New phenomena by radio waves and the NMMs in elements of heaters and radio wave sources are considered and possibility of life creating radio waves. Some use of this theory for gravity upon nano-domains of NMMs for modeling many systems are noted.
Characterization of macrophage polarization in lesions of dogs inoculated with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (BH40) strain
Authors:   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pereira Ramon A. , Alves Adriano F. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, de Amorim Izabela G. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Fontes Igor. C. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Santos Gabriela A. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campos Leandro S. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Nunes Ramon V. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Andrade Hélida M. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, de Alvarenga Erika R. ,   Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Tafuri Wagner L. ,   Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Published: March 2022

The aim of this work was to describe the anatomical pathology of dogs experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum strain MCAN / BR / 2002 / BH401, a Brazilian form of L. infantum isolated from a symptomatic dog from an endemic area. For this, five beagles (three months old and both sexes) composed the experimental group. Markers of macrophage subpopulations M1 and M2 (related to resistance and susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis) and the tissue cytokine transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) (one of the main cytokines related to the fibrosis process and anti-inflammatory action) were evaluated in livers, lungs and kidneys. The BH 401 L. infantum strain induced classical lesions of the visceral disease where all evaluated organs showed a chronic inflammatory reaction and tissue parasitism associated with a higher expression of CD163 and TGF-β1 markers, might be related to the progression of the disease. In this work it was possible to conclude that the BH 401 strain reproduces canine visceral leishmaniasis that occurs naturally.
Yellow fungus disease in a bearded dragon
Authors:   Auburn University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Murillo Daniel F. B. , Watanabe Tatiane T. N. ,   North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Perry Sean ,   Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Mitchell Mark ,   Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Del Piero Fabio ,   Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine
Published: March 2022

An adult of unknown age, intact female bearded dragon (Pogona sp.) had multiple ulcerative foci in the skin, especially noted in the ventral neck and along the inguinal area. Due to the severity and extension of the epidermal/dermal lesions, as well as, the deleterious animal condition, the owners elected humane euthanasia and postmortem examination was performed. Necropsy Findings: The skin at the level of the ventral mandible, neck, thorax, and inguinal areas was replaced by multifocal to coalescing ulcerative foci ranging from 1.5 x 2 x 0.3 cm to 2.5 x 2.5 x 0.3 cm associated with sloughed epithelium covered by a thin yellow to light brown friable material (Figure 1A-C). Similar material was noted above the right eye and the abdomen. No other significant alterations were noted.
Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila in Cultured African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Mohamad Nora Faten Afifah , Mohd Daud Hassan , Sharifah Raina Manaf
Published: March 2022

Aeromonas infections are becoming a serious risk issue in commercial aquaculture, and a wide range of fish and shellfish species has been documented as being vulnerable. Five isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were identified from African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) cultured in Selangor, West Malaysia in this study. A conventional rapid identification approach (API 20E strip) was used for preliminary identification based on the biochemical properties of the isolated bacteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the specific primer 16 rDNA, on the other hand, was used as an accurate and confirmed identification. A pathogenicity test via intramuscular (IM) injection was used to investigate the virulence of A. hydrophila. With a high degree of similarity (98%) to the NCBI or Genbank databases, the isolates were identified as A. hydrophila. The LD50 was calculated using pathogenicity test findings and was found to be 2.1 ´ 106.33 CFU mL−1, while 1 ´ 108 CFU mL−1 in the experimentally injected fish, resulted in 100% mortality. Several organs, including the kidney, liver, and spleen, showed histopathological abnormalities. Those changes mainly include increase in the presence of hemosiderin deposits, congested portal vessels, vacuolated hepatocytes, generalised loss of tubular cells, and oedematous degeneration in the infected organs.
Pengembangan Wirausaha Makanan Sehat di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Melalui Produk Olahan Daging
Authors:   Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran, Gumilar Jajang , Azzahra Alifia Bintang ,   Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjadjaran, Satria Matthew ,   Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran, Hamdani Nasyabila ,   Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Padjadjaran, Farahdewi Raden Yasyva ,   Fakultas Teknik Geologi Universitas Padjadjaran, Kamilah Zirly Yusriani ,   Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjadjaran, Nurhaliza Khansa Alifa ,   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: April 2022

Pandemi Covid 19 telah berlangsung hampir satu tahun di Negara 2Mahasiswa Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjadjaran Republik Indonesia. Indonesia. Masyarakat terdampak secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Dampak langsung dirasakan oleh usaha kecil dan mikro yang bergerak dibidang pengolahan dan penjualan produk makanan. Pendapatan usaha mereka mengalami penurunan selama pandemi Covid 19 ini, karena saat ini banyak masyarakat yang khawatir apabila membeli makanan dari luar rumah, padahal makanan bukan jalur penularan virus. Tujuan PPM ini adalah untuk membrikan edukasi bagi usaha kecil dan mikro mengenai pentingnya memproduksi makanan sehat dengan memperhatikan aspek higienitas dan sanitasi dengan baik, serta memahami proses pengolahan produk pangan khususnya produk olahan dari daging. Metode yang dilakukan adalah penyuluhan dengan cara Webinar dengan pelaku usaha kecil mikro yang bergerak dalam pegolahan pangan. Hasil PPM menunjukkan bahwa peserta memperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai makanan sehat, cara memproduksi makanan sehat secara higiene, dan cara mengolah produk berbahan baku daging dengan benar.
Teknologi Akuaponik dengan Sistem Pasang Surut di Desa Panongan Kecamatan Sedong Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors:   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran, Hamdani Herman
Published: April 2022

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang berjudul “Teknologi Akuaponik pada Kegiatan Budidaya Ikan dan Sayuran Sistem Pasang Surut di Desa Panonan Kecamatan Sedong Kabupaten Cirebon” memiliki sasaran masyarakat yang ada di Desa Panongan Kabupaten Cirebon. Akuaponik merupakan salah satu cara mengintegrasikan bididaya ikan dengan kegiatan bercocok tanam yang dapat diaplikasikan di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan. Teknologi ini merupakan teknologi yang hemat air, tempat, dan pemeliharaannya mudah serta dapat dipanen sepanjang tahun. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian masyarakat ini mengenalkan budidaya ikan sistem akuaponik yang merupakan perpaduan budidaya ikan dengan sayuran/tanaman. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan meningkatkan produksi ikan dan sayuran organik melalui penerapan sistem Akuaponik. Penyuluhan secara langsung diikuti oleh 10 peserta. Setelah penyuluhan, sebesar 80% memahami teknik budidaya sistem Akuaponik dengan menggunakan instalasi sistem pasang surut. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengabdian mengenai teknologi akuaponik pada kegiatan budidaya ikan dan sayur dengan sistem pasang surut berhasil digunakan dan bermanfaat bagi warga serta sesuai tujuan.
Pembuatan Pakan Silase di Kelompok Ternak Roudhatul Ghonam Kecamatan Sidamulih Kabupaten Pangandaran
Authors:   Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran, Christi Raden Febrianto , Setyatwan Hendi ,   Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran, Ismiraj M Rifki ,   Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran, Mutaqin Bambang Kholiq ,   Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran, Yuniarti Endah ,   Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: April 2022

Pakan berupa hijauan untuk ternak ruminansia kandungan nutrienya perlu untuk diperhatikan hal ini guna untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Hijauan yang biasa diberikan pada ternak berupa rumput memiliki keterbatasan jumlah yang diperoleh dimusim kemarau serta memiliki daya cerna yang sangat rendah. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya teknologi pengawetan pakan dengan cara silase. Tujuan kegiatan adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan pembuatan silase dengan benar sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia serta memproduksinya dengan baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah (1) ceramah yaitu dengan memberikan pengetahuan oleh narasumber secara langsung, (2) demonstrasi atau praktek yang dibimbing oleh narasumber dan diikuti oleh peserta, serta (3) evaluasi kegiatan (pre test dan post test) berupa soal yang harus dikerjakan oleh masing-masing peserta. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan penyuluhan pembuatan pakan silase yang diberikan kepada peternak di Kelompok Ternak Roudhatul Ghonam sangat baik, hal ini terlihat dari antusias serta keaktifan dari peserta yang hadir sejak diberikan materi pengetahuan, pelaksanaan serta evaluasi selama kegiatan dilakukan.
PENINGKATAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT DESA CINTARATU KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN SEBAGAI WILAYAH HULU AKAN DAMPAK DAN BAHAYA SAMPAH PLASTIK TERHADAP EKOSISTEM PESISIR
Authors:   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran, Permana Rega , Apriliani Izza Mahdiana ,   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran, Rizal Achmad ,   Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: April 2022

Masyarakat di wilayah hulu merupakan masyarakat yang juga memiliki peranan dalam ketahanan pesisir terutama terhadap ancaman pencemaran sampah. Sampah yang dibuang sembarangan di wilayah hulu akan berakhir di pesisir hingga akhirnya memasuki wilayah perairan dan menjadi masalah bagi ekosistem pesisir. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat akan pengelolaan sampah di wilayah hulu. Sasaran kegiatan merupakan masyarakat Desa Cintaratu Kabupaten Pangandaran. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan adanya pola kesadaran akan menjaga lingkungkan dari sampah di masyarakat Desa Cintaratu, namun karena adanya keterbatasan fasilitas dan juga alternative lain yang dapat dijadikan pengganti dalam penggunaan plastik, pola produksi sampah di Desa Cintaratu masih cukup tinggi. Adanya kegiatan ini dapat dijadikan sarana untuk menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan masyarakat akan pentingnya menjaga lingkungan untuk meminimalisir dampak terhadap pesisir
An Epistemic Defeater for Islamic Belief? Not So.
Authors: Turner Jamie Benjamin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This article seeks to outline how a Muslim believer can deflect a defeater for Islamic belief put forward by Erik Baldwin and Tyler McNabb. In doing so, it aims to reject the suggestion that an Islamic religious epistemology is somehow antithetical to a model of Reformed epistemology (RE) which is not fully compatible with Plantingian. Taken together with previous work on Islam and RE, the article not only aims to provide reason to think that Baldwin and McNabb’s proposed epistemic defeater for Islamic belief isn’t problematic, it also seeks to show how the concerns raised by Baldwin and McNabb over a Plantingian model of RE in Islamic milieu, are no longer tenable.
DIGITAL LITERACY AS A FOUNDATION FOR RELIGIOUS MODERATION LEARNING AT SALATIGA'S AL-HIJRAH TINGKIR ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Achmad Syaefudin
Published: March 2022

The current millennial generation, includes santri, who have digital literacy skills, but unfortunately it has not been matched by ability to use digital media to obtain information and self development. The purpose of the research was to determine the extent to which students’ digital literacy skills, how to use digital literacy as a basis for religious moderation learning, and the obstacles faced during the training on the use of digital literacy at the Al-Hijrah Islamic Boarding School Tingkir Salatiga. This research is a qualitative and participatory action research. Data collection techniques used are participant observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses Mile and Hubermen in the form of reduction, presentation, and conclusions. The research procedure includes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The result of the studi show that digital literacy can be used as a basis for learning religious moderation. The students at the Al-Hijrah Islamic Boarding School can get digital content in the form of religious moderation material from website, social media, and others. The students also take advantage of digital literacy to create religious moderation content.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF MEMORIZATION OF AL-QUR’AN THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TAKRIR METHOD IN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL MATHOLIB AS-SULUK CIREBON
Authors: Nafi'a Ilman , Gumiandari Septi
Published: March 2022

Many assume that people who have grown up do not have the opportunity to memorize the Qur'an because of the difficulties that will be faced in the process of memorizing it rather than in childhood. This research aims to find out (1) the application of the takrir method in Ponpes Matholib As-Suluk. (2) factors that affect students' ability to memorize by takrir method, (3) the quality of memorization of the holy verse of the Qur'an using the takrir method. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. Through the technique of interviewing, observation and documentation studies, several findings were obtained: (1) the application of the takrir method in Ponpes Matholib As-Suluk was applied through the repetition of santri memorization in four ways: individual takrir, collective takrir with friends, takrir with teachers, and takrir at prayer time; (2) there are 2 factors that affect the application of takrir methods: internal (santri mood) and external factors (pesantren environmental support); and (3) the application of this method succeeded in improving the quality of santri memorization because the students were able to improve their memorization quite quickly and they were also able to reread verses and surahs that had been memorized quite smoothly.
THE PHILOSOPHY OF CONTEMPORARY EDUCATION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION
Authors: Thahir Lukman S
Published: March 2022

The title of this research is Theoretical Debate over the Philosophical Roots of Contemporary Education and Its Implications for the Development of Islamic Education. The purpose is to disentangle, to explore and to discuss the foundations of theoretical roots of educational philosophy and its relational consequences with Islamic education. The issues raised are: 1). how is the philosophical foundation of education and its relationship to philosophy and education? 2). what are the Philosophical Roots of Educational Theory and Its Implications for Curriculum, Teaching and Learning? 3). what are the implications for the development of Islamic education? The type of research is Library Research which uses philosophical and pedagogical approach, with descriptive method. The findings of this study are: a) the study of the key philosophical ideas that influence thought and development of education are aspects of metaphysics, epistemology and axiology. Without these three philosophical foundations, science and its various disciplines will fail; b) the relationship between philosophy and education are like two sides of one coin that cannot be separated, both give and take in the context of mutualism. So the existence of philosophy in education is a necessity; c) The theoretical debate over the roots of the philosophy of education requires the development of Islamic education.
ANALISIS DAN DESAIN SISTEM INFORMASI PELAPORAN KEGIATAN KELOMPOK TANI DAN PEMETAAN WILAYAH POTENSIAL DESA GOARIE KABUPATEN SOPPENG
Authors: Yusuf Farida , Akib Faisal , Alfiana Andi Felmi
Published: March 2022

Transparansi pengelolaan bantuan dan penyaluran bantuan kepada setiap anggota kelompok tani Desa Goarie Kabupaten Soppeng menjadi masalah tersendiri bagi kelompok tani. Berdasarkan fakta dilapangan, tidak semua bantuan dari Dinas Pertanian tersalurkan kepada setiap anggota kelompok tani melainkan hanya berakhir ditangan ketua kelompok tani untuk dikelola sendiri. Hal ini menimbulkan rasa ketidak adilan bagi anggota kelompok yang lain. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu sistem informasi pelaporan kegiatan kelompok tani dan pemetaan wilayah potensial desa goarie kabupaten soppeng. Sistem yang dibangun terbagi atas 4 hak ases diantaranya admin, dinas, penyuluh, ketua serta tampilan utama yang dapat diakses oleh semua pengguna internet. Dalam sistem ini memuat beberapa informasi diantaranya data kelompok tani beserta anggotanya, data bantuan yang tersedia, data permohonan bantuan yang diajukan kelomok tani, data penyaluran bantuan dari Dinas Pertanian, data laporan kegiatan kelompok tani. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dimana strategi yang digunakan adalah Design and Creation. Metode perancangan sistem yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah waterfall. Teknik pengujian sistem yang digunakan adalah Blackbox. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa sistem informasi kelompok tani berbasis web untuk mempermudah pengelolaan data pelaporan kegiatan kelompok tani serta trasparansi penyaluran bantuan kepada kelompok tani. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem ini berjalan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diharapkan.
CAPABILITY MATURITY MODEL INTEGRATION (CMMI) UNTUK ANALISIS KEAMANAN INFORMASI MENGGUNAKAN DOMAIN APO13 COBIT 5 PADA PUSTIPAD INSTANSI X
Authors: Hariani Hariani , Darmatasia Darmatasia , Saputra Wahyuddin
Published: March 2022

Keamanan Informasi fokus terhadap perlindungan kerahasiaan, integritas, dan ketersediaan informasi. Namun, hal yang menjadi tak kalah penting terkait dengan keamanan informasi adalah kesadaran terhadap keamanan informasi. Instansi X sebagai salah satu Perguruan Tinggi yang memiliki UPT yang bertanggung jawab terhadap pengelolaan dan penyediaan layanan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Layanan TIK tersebut berada di bawah UPT Pusat Teknologi Informasi dan Pangkalan Data (PUSTIPAD). PUSTIPAD memiliki peranan penting dalam mengumpulkan, mengolah, menyimpan, dan menyajikan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh lembaga. Penelitian ini mengacu kepada framework COBIT 5 domain APO13 membahas tentang tata kelola keamanan informasi yang mencakup pemeliharaan sistem, mengelola resiko keamanan,dan memonitor keamanan sistem informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode CMMI untuk proses analisis, CMMI merupakan Capability Level yang memiliki tingkat kemampuan dan berlaku untuk memberikan capaian kinerja pada institusi dan memberikan peningkatan proses praktik individual. Hasil penelitian dan penilaian menggunakan standar COBIT 5 APO13 terhadap proses Manajemen keamanan Sistem pada PUSTIPAD Instansi X yaitu untuk proses area APO13.01 mempunyai nilai kondisi saat ini yaitu 4.12 atau berada pada Capability Level Managed and Measurable, sedangkan untuk APO13.02 mempunyai nilai 3.77 juga berada pada level Managed and Measurable dan untuk APO13.03 mempunyai nilai 3.42 dan berada pada level defined. secara keseluruhan ISMS pada domain APO13 untuk PUSTIPAD sudah cukup terstruktur dan berjalan sesuai dengan tujuan yang telah di definisikan sebelumnya.
Self-Islah, Gender Relation and Socio-Economic Challenges on Tablighi Jamaat Proselytization Practices in Indonesia
Authors: Hamdi Saipul , Mulyadi Fadli , Tondo Fanny Henry , Muzayyin Ahmad
Published: March 2022

This article explores one of the Tablighi Jamaat (TJ) teachings self-islah that develops in its dawah practices. Self-Islah emphasizes improving oneself through a proselytization program called khuruj from one community to another, from one mosque to another. The phenomenon of TJ dawah shows a different approach and pattern where da’i play dual roles not only as subject (preachers) but also as an object (listeners) during that khuruj program. Self-islah in this context includes strengthening faith, morals, and gender awareness. The gender aspect is strong external critics of TJ religious tradition where it does not involve women in their religious activities and even avoids interacting with them. Thus, TJ members must handle all the needs while staying in the mosque for religious camps, such as washing clothes, cooking, washing dishes, and serving guests from the local and international community. The article investigates changes in gender relations within the TJ family in the post-khuruj program. This article also focuses on the economic challenges Tablighi members face when they go out of preaching (khuruj), especially those from the lower-middle class. The research findings show that most TJ members achieved self-Islah and hugely impacted the evolution of spirituality after khuruj. They also acknowledged the transformation of gender relations in the family, but on another side, facing economic crises due to prioritizing dawah activity. I used an ethnographic approach and applied a qualitative method in collecting and analyzing data for two years (2017-2018) in three research locations, Lombok, Balikpapan, and Jakarta.
Being Chinese Christian in the Totok Chinese Churches in Surabaya: Continuity and Change of Identities
Authors: Bustan Linda , Husein Fatimah , Widjaja Paulus Sugeng
Published: March 2022

This article explores the identities of Chinese Christians in the totok Chinese churches in Surabaya. The Chinese Christians refer to those who arrived in Surabaya from mainland China as Protestant Christians in the 1900s. They established the first Chinese church - the Tiong Hoa Kie Tok Kauw Hwee (THKTKH) in Surabaya. The THKTKH has become two independent synods, namely Gereja Kristus Tuhan (GKT, or the Church of Christ the Lord) and Gereja Kristen Abdiel (GKA, or the Abdiel Christian Church). The totok Chinese churches refer to churches that conduct the church services in the Chinese language or Mandarin (Guoyu). The article examines the culture, language, and origin of the Chinese Christians. After almost a century in Surabaya, there is some continuity and change of the Chinese Christian identity. They still regard themselves as totok, but the meaning of totok has changed. They embrace not only Chinese culture; but also mixed Chinese culture with Western culture and Indonesian culture, which results in the so-called hybrid culture. Mandarin is used in church services, whereas Indonesian language and English are also employed. The originality of the congregations is no longer mono-ethnic, which is Chinese. The Chinese churches have become multi-ethnic churches consisting of various ethnicities in Indonesia.
Inter-Religious Tolerance in Indonesia From the Perspective of Pancasila Philosophy
Authors: Fitria Aufa , Tanggok M. Ikhsan
Published: March 2022

Creating peace between religions by building tolerance is required to avoid intolerance. This is one of the ways to respect differences between religions. Indonesia is a multi-ethnic cultural and religious country. Therefore, building tolerance is a must to achieve healthy inter-religious peace as part of the implementation of the Pancasila values. This article aims to explore and keep a record of the perceptions of religious followers, as well as how they are applied in their daily life, especially concerning religious diversity. The ethnographic approach is a method or analysis used to explore and understand information obtained from in-depth individual interviews with religious and community leaders. The findings in this study show that building inter-religious tolerance, especially in Indonesia with its diversity of ethnic groups, cultures, languages, etc., is not easy, but the philosophical values of Pancasila are able to unite them harmoniously and there is no disagreement between religions, which can be seen from the dynamics of community life in Pondok Cabe, Pamulang, with the diversity of religions (Islam, Christianity, and Catholicism). In this place, different religious adherents can interact appropriately and harmoniously. Strengthening the values of Pancasila in building inter-religious tolerance needs to be carried out and promoted. This is one of the suggestions from this study.
Asymptotic Results of a Nonparametric Conditional Quantile Estimator in the Single Functional Index Modeling under Random Censorship
Authors: Kadiri Nadia , Rabhi Abbes , Akkal Fatima
Published: March 2022

The main objective of this paper is to estimate non-parametrically the quantiles of a conditional distribution based on the single-index model in the censorship model when the sample is considered as an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables. First of all, a kernel type estimator for the conditional cumulative distribution function (cond-cdf) is introduced. Afterwards, we give an estimation of the quantiles by inverting this estimated cond-cdf, the asymptotic properties are stated when the observations are linked with a single-index structure. Simulation study is also presented to illustrate the validity and finite sample performance of the considered estimator. Finally, the estimation of the functional index via the pseudo-maximum likelihood method is discussed, but not tackled.
Military Necessity and Cultural Heritage Protection in Laws of War: Historical Overview
Authors: Ryška Ivan
Published: March 2022

The article examines the development of the concept of military necessity in relation to cultural property. Starting from 18th century and Emmerich de Vattel it continues to codifications of International Humanitarian Law in 19th century and finally focuses on 1954 Hague Convention and its 1999 Second Protocol. The article underlines the most significant trends in the development and aims to illustrate increasing respect for cultural property during the conflict. In its final section it presents more current issues related to cultural property protection and armed conflict: inclusion of human rights protection and matter of dual-use objects. Both questions are introduced in decision of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in Prlić et al. case that investigates destruction of Stari Most in Mostar. The decision shows that some new elements have to be considered in assessment of military necessity related to cultural property.
Estimating Weights for Web-Scraped Data in Consumer Price Indices
Authors: Ayoubkhani Daniel , Thomas Heledd
Published: March 2022

In recent years, there has been much interest among national statistical agencies in using web-scraped data in consumer price indices, potentially supplementing or replacing manually collected price quotes. Yet one challenge that has received very little attention to date is the estimation of expenditure weights in the absence of quantity information, which would enable the construction of weighted item-level price indices. In this article we propose the novel approach of predicting sales quantities from their ranks (for example, when products are sorted ‘by popularity’ on consumer websites) via appropriate statistical distributions. Using historical transactional data supplied by a UK retailer for two consumer items, we assessed the out-of-sample accuracy of the Pareto, log-normal and truncated log-normal distributions, finding that the last of these resulted in an index series that most closely approximated an expenditure-weighted benchmark. Our results demonstrate the value of supplementing web-scraped price quotes with a simple set of retailer-supplied summary statistics relating to quantities, allowing statistical agencies to realise the benefits of freely available internet data whilst placing minimal burden on retailers. However, further research would need to be undertaken before the approach could be implemented in the compilation of official price indices.
Substitution Bias in the Measurement of Import and Export Price Indices: Causes and Correction
Authors: von Auer Ludwig , Shumskikh Alena
Published: March 2022

The import and export price indices of an economy are usually compiled by some Laspeyres type index. It is well known that such an index formula is prone to substitution bias. Therefore, also the terms of trade (ratio of export and import price index) are likely to be distorted. The underlying substitution bias accumulates over time. The present article introduces a simple and transparent retroactive correction approach that addresses the source of the substitution bias and produces meaningful long-run time series of import and export price levels and, therefore, of the terms of trade. Furthermore, an empirical case study is conducted that demonstrates the efficacy and versatility of the correction approach.
Rolling-Time-Dummy House Price Indexes: Window Length, Linking and Options for Dealing with Low Transaction Volume
Authors: Hill Robert J. , Scholz Michael , Shimizu Chihiro , Steurer Miriam
Published: March 2022

Rolling-time-dummy (RTD) is a hedonic method used by a number of countries to compute their official house price indexes (HPIs). The RTD method requires less data and is more adaptable than other hedonic methods, which makes it well suited for computing higher frequency HPIs (e.g., monthly or weekly). In this article, we address three key issues relating to RTD. First, we develop a method for determining the optimal length of the rolling window. Second, we consider variants on the standard way of linking the current period with earlier periods, and show how the optimal linking method can be determined. Third, we propose three ways of modifying the RTD method to make it more robust to periods of low transaction volume. These modifications could prove useful for countries using the RTD method in their official HPIs.
ARTEFAK RELIEF YEH PULU : MENGUNGKAP PERADABAN MASYARAKAT ZAMAN KERAJAAN BALI KUNO, DI INDONESIA
Authors: Lodra I Nyoman , Swandi I Wayan
Published: March 2022

This research is intended to reveal the life and civilization of the people in ancient Bali. The focus of the problem: 1) what is the structure of the Yeh Pulu Bedulu relief sculpture. 2) How was the life and civilization of the people in ancient Bali? 3) What are the heritage values of Ancient Bali? Objectives: 1) To describe the structure of Yeh Pulu Bedulu relief artifacts. 2) To describe the life and civilization of the people in ancient Bali. 3) Describe and know the values of the heritage of life and civilization in ancient Bali. Benefits: knowing the level of life and civilization of society and cultural characteristics in ancient Balinese times Method: descriptive qualitative, by parsing, analyzing, data obtained in the field. This research uses the theory of iconography, ecology, ethnographic approach, visual language and the study of structural analysis, themes, techniques, and materials. Data collection: observation, literature, and documents. Data source; primary, secondary.. Findings: revealing the life and civilization of Ancient Bali from Yeh Pulu relief artifacts in Bedulu. Penelitian ini dimaksud untuk  mengungkap kehidupan dan peradaban masyarakat di zaman Bali Kuno. Fokus masalah: 1) bagaimana struktur pahatan arterfak relief Yeh Pulu Bedulu.2) Bagaimana kehidupan dan peradaban masyarakat di zaman Bali Kuno?. 3) Apa nilai-nilai warisan zaman Bali Kuno?, Tujuan: 1) Mendiskripsikan struktur arterfak relief Yeh Pulu Bedulu.2) Mendeskripsikan kehidupan dan peradaban masyarakat di zaman Bali Kuno. 3) Mendeskripsikan dan mengetahui nilai-nilai warisan kehidupan dan peradaban zaman Bali Kuno. Manfaat: mengetahui tingkat kehidupan dan peradaban masyarakat dan karakteristik budaya di zaman Bali Kuno Metode: deskriptif kualitatif, dengan mengurai, menganalisis, data didapat di lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan  teori ikonografi, ekologi, pedekatan etnografi, bahasa rupa dan kajian analisis struktur, tema, teknik, dan bahan. Pengambilan data: observasi, kepustakaan, dan dokumen. Sumber data; primer, sekender.. Temuan: mengungkap kehidupan dan peradaban zaman Bali Kuno dari artefak relief Yeh Pulu di  Bedulu.
Analisa Pengaruh Bentuk Konstruksi dan Struktur Arsitektur Terhadap Interior Rumah Jengki
Authors: Pamungkas Gregorius , Priyanto Octavianus Cahyono , Febriyantoko Danang
Published: March 2022

Arsitektur Jengki merupakan sebuah langgam arsitektur di Indonesia yang populer pada 1950 hingga 1970 yang muncul dikarenakan pemberontakan ideologis arsitek pada era tersebut yang “bosan” dengan langgam modern geometris dan kurang nya dasar/semangat ideologis yang kuat. Banyak studi mengenai arsitektur jengki berfokus pada arsitektur, morfologi, sosio-ekonomi dan politik terhadap langgam ini, namun sering mengabaikan interior jengki. Penelitian ini akan membahas karakteristik yang dimiliki langgam arsitektur jengki berupa bentuk konstruksi dan struktur yang secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi pembentukan interior khususnya pada elemen pembentuk ruang rumah jengki
Properties of Tigris River Bed Material at Mosul City
Authors: Othman Khaleel I. , Hameed Ayman T.
Published: March 2022

In this research the characteristics of bed material of 35km of Tigris river from Badoosh tothe end of Mosul City was studied ,nine locations were selected for sampling surface and subsurfacematerial, at each location samples are collected from left and right bank of the river. Analysis ofthese samples show that the gravel surface bed material of Tigris river had D50 equal to 33mm witha dominant size very coarse and coarse gravel with a percentage 42%, 36% , respectively, sand isalmost mislaid in this layer. The particles of surface layer had a disc shape with a percentage 51%and blade 19%, spherical 17%, and cylindrical 13%. The results show that the right bank particlesare coarser than left bank. The subsurface bed material consist of gravel and sand, the D50 of thislayer was equal to 17mm, the domain size was coarse gravel with a percentage 29% , sandpercentage in this layer was about 17%. The subsurface layer is unaffecting on any changes in flowregime because it is completely protected by gravel surface layer. Comparison of obtained resultswith previous results shows that there is no significant changes occurred in properties of the riverbed material except little changes in composition of surface layer especially in the fine material.The river under the current flow conditions with flow rate in around of 500m3/s will reserve to thesame bed material properties in the future.
Effect of Operating Condition on the Losses in Fermenter
Authors: Mohammad Abdulqahar M.
Published: March 2022

The influence of the operating conditions on the losses rates in controlled batchand continuous fermentation reactor has been studied. In which 120 l pilot fermenterreactor used to produce acetic acid from ethanol at standard condition. The results show,the increasing of 1 ºC of mixture temperature, increasing of 1 m3/h of the aeration flowrate or increasing the mixing speed to 1 rpm leading to increase the losses rates to (1.22,0.92, 0.94 ml/l) respectively.
Behavior and Design of Partially-Encased Composite Beam-Columns
Authors: Abdullah Jasim A. , Salih Oday A.
Published: March 2022

Partially-encased composite beam-columns subjected to axial compressive and transverseloads were analyzed using a proposed analytical method, finite element modeling andinternational approaches, including ACI-318, AISC-LRFD and Eurocode4. In addition,flexural stiffness (EI) was predicted using the recommended formulas in ACI-318 and EC4.The results were compared with experimental data to verify of the reliability of these results.The analysis proved that the proposed method could be used for design the partiallyencasedbeam-columns. Research results also indicate that this method gives much closesolution to experimental data. The behavior and deformation shape of specimens wereclose to those found using FEM. The predicted EI from EC4 was reliable in calculating thebending moment using the proposed method while a significant difference in deflectionvalues was pronounced using predicted EI from ACI formula. From calculations, it wasfound that the ACI-318 approach is accurate and reliable in the design of partially-encasedbeam-columns.
Evaluating the (q-d) Axis Parameters of Three Phase Salient Pole Synchronous Machine
Authors: Mahmoud Omar T.
Published: March 2022

In order to perform any simulated work like using MATLAB Simulink for a salient polesynchronous machine the direct-axis (d-axis) synchronous reactance xd and quadrature-axis(q-axis) synchronous reactance xq ((q-d) axis) and other parameters must be calculated .Inthis paper many tests has been made practically to calculate these parameters with the aid ofusing slip test and sudden short circuit test using data acquisition card. These parametershave been calculated successfully for the used salient pole machine.
Development of Artificial Neural Network Model of Crude Oil Distillation Column
Authors: Ahmed Duraid F. , Khalaf Ali H.
Published: March 2022

Artificial neural network in MATLAB simulator is used to model Baiji crude oil distillation unit based on data generated from aspen-HYSYS simulator. Thirteen inputs, six outputs and over 1487 data set are used to model the actual unit. Nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) and back propagation algorithm are used for training. Seventy percent of data are used for training the network while the remaining thirty percent are used for testing and validating the network to determine its prediction accuracy. One hidden layer and 34 hidden neurons are used for the proposed network with MSE of 0.25 is obtained. The number of neuron are selected based on less MSE for the network. The model founded to predict the optimal operating conditions for different objective functions within the training limit since ANN models are poor extrapolators. They are usually only reliable within the range of data that they had been trained for.
The Life Cycle Assessments of Gas Turbine using Inlet Air Cooling System
Authors: Ibrahim Thamir K.
Published: March 2022

The achievement of life cycle assessments of energy systems with both maximum power output and economical profits is considered as the main objective of operations management. This paper aimed to evaluate both of the performance of a gas turbine using an inlet air cooling system as well as its life cycle cost. Accordingly, a thermodynamic model and an economic model are developed respectively to derive an analytical formula for calculating the cooling loads and life cycle cost. The major results show that, the output power of gas turbines power plant with a cooling system is (120MWh) which is higher than that of gas turbines power plant without the cooling system (96.6 MWh) at peak condition; while the life cycle cost is lower in the case of gas turbines power plant with cooling system. Thus, the proposed methods show a potential cost reduction and achievable through changing the structure of the system.
CFD Simulation of Air Cyclone Separator
Authors: Nema Nuha wathq , Saleh Saad Nahi , Abed Fayadh Mohamed
Published: March 2022

A computational fluid dynamics model was developed for air cyclone separator in order to predict the flow pattern inside the cyclone using an Eulerian approach, three dimensions Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes equations, closed via the Reynolds Stress model as a turbulence model for air flow. The particles were modeled as a discrete phase model using the Lagrangian transport model with turbulent particle dispersion. Computational fluid dynamics modeling was employed to investigate fluid flow patterns and particle trajectories at steady state operating conditions of Stairmand cyclone. Analysis of a computational fluid dynamics simulation accurately revealed that the air flow behavior in cyclone separator consists of two vortexes : an outer vortex with a downwardly directed axial flow and an inner vortex with an upwardly directed flow, this flow profile known as Rankine vortex. A low-pressure zone appeared in the center line of the cyclone due to high swirling velocity. The results showed that the pressure drop increased with increasing the inlet air velocity. The results of the collection efficiency showed that the efficiency increased as the particles diameter increased. A good agreement achieved between the simulation results and published experimental results. The computational fluid dynamics code (ANSYS FLUENT 14.5) with the Reynolds Stress model as the turbulence model, predicted very well the flow field parameters of cyclones and can be used in cyclone design for any dimensions.
An Experimental Study of Circular Cutout Hole Effect of Kevlar/epoxy-Al2O3 Composite under Subjected to Quasi-Static Compressive and Tensile Loading
Authors: Ramadhan Ayad Abed
Published: March 2022

This paper has presented an experimental study of quasi-static compressive and tensile loading of cutout hole on multi-layer of Kevlar-29/epoxy-Al2O3laminated composite. The experimental procedure has been developed to study the performance of (50%, 55% and 60%) volume fraction (vf) and (0o/90o and +45o/-45o) fiber orientation angle effects of these composites under quasi-static compressive and tensile load using a servo-hydraulic testing machine. It was concluded that the maximum load bearing capacity increases as volume fraction increases in tensile test. While, the maximum load bearing capacity increases with the decrease of volume fraction in compression test. Hence, from the results obtained it can considered the 55% volume fraction of composite panels is a good value for tensile and compression applications.
Cultural and connotative information of some verbal phraseological units with the abstract substantive thought
Authors: Lu Ziyi
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of some verbal phraseological units in which the semantic component of thought is performed by the subject of action. In such phraseological units, the thought is combined with such verbs as to return / to return, to be carried away / to be carried away, to flow, to sink / to fall. The article adopts a linguoculturological approach to the study of such phraseological units. In this article we understand phraseology, following V.N. Telia, as a unit characterized by stability, reproducibility, idiomaticity [Telia 1996: 56], when analyzing phraseological units, a linguoculturological approach to research and lexicographic description developed by V.N. Telia and other authors in the "Great Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language" is used [2017]. For our analysis, we have selected phraseological units that are represented in the National Corpus of the Russian Language (https://ruscorpora.ru/new /), including the abstract noun thought, which performs the function of the subject of action.Summing up, we can draw the following conclusions: 1) In the analyzed FE, thought independently performs various actions, moves freely in space, is beyond human control; 2) All the FE presented in this article, in general, correlate with the anthropic code of culture, and taking into account this opposition, with the spatial one. And all FE, taking into account the verbal components, still correlate with the activity code of culture. 3) The image of all FE is created by a metaphor that likens thought to a moving object or object that moves freely in space, does not depend on the will of an individual; 4) The metaphorically figurative basis of the units analyzed by us as a whole reflects a stereotypical idea of the process of mental activity beyond the control of a person.
Anal Sphincter Muscle Activity Changes in Women after Delivery. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
Authors:   ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Začesta Vita
Published: April 2022

An episiotomy is one of the most common surgical interventions in obstetrics. Mediolateral episiotomy is usually performed on the right side. Recent advances in pelvic floor electromyography (EMG) allow to perform functional analysis of external anal sphincter with a minimally invasive anal probe. An individual asymmetry of the sphincter exists, and it is strongly associated with postpartum incontinence, primarily when the trauma occurs on the dominant side of innervation. This Thesis aims to evaluate the external anal sphincter innervation zone distribution and EMG amplitude before and after delivery and to observe the effect of episiotomy on changes of sphincter innervation. The study is a prospective cohort study. Three hundred pregnant women were recruited to the study, and two surface EMG measurement sessions (before and 6–8 weeks after delivery) with multichannel cylindrical anal probes were performed. One hundred women participated in the third measurement session at one-year follow-up. The distribution of innervation zones and global EMG signal amplitude average rectified value was assessed, and the amplitude asymmetry index was calculated. The outcomes were compared before and after delivery between different delivery types (caesarean section, mediolateral episiotomy, spontaneous lacerations and intact perineum) and according to the asymmetry index. Additionally, the anal incontinence score was evaluated before and after delivery. The results showed a significant reduction of innervation zones in the right ventral quadrant after delivery with right side episiotomy. After delivery, a significant decrease in global EMG amplitude was observed in women with amplitude asymmetry on the right side and in those who underwent mediolateral right episiotomy. The incontinence score slightly but not significantly increased 6–8 weeks after the delivery in 20 % of caesarean and 30 % of vaginal deliveries. The main conclusions of the study are that 1) episiotomy reduces external anal sphincter muscle activity, 2) multichannel surface electromyography is a promising method to analyse the anal sphincter activity. EMG signals detected during pregnancy could be used to decide the optimal side of episiotomy, thus reducing the damage to the sphincter innervation caused by the episiotomy itself.