bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blogging as recovery: The use of blogs by survivors of military sexual trauma
Authors: Dobreski Brian , Semaan Bryan
Published: October 2017

Military sexual trauma (MST) is a significant concern in the United States military and poses distinct challenges to survivors in seeking traditional means of support. While research has shown blogs to be an effective means of working through crises and seeking support, little work has focused on MST survivors and their use of blogs. In this study, we drew on Herman's stages of recovery in an analysis of 659 posts from five blogs written by MST survivors to understand their blogging behavior. We found that bloggers frequently use their blogs to perform what may be thought of as traditional recovery work. In particular, MST survivors blogged as a means of reconstructing their personal narratives and identities, as well as reaching out and reconnecting with others. In contrast, recovery work focused on establishing safety was underrepresented. Overall, findings suggest blogs to be a useful tool in recovering from sexual trauma and warrant further examination of other online spaces for recovery.
Image indexing through hashtags in instagram
Authors: Dorsch Isabelle , Zimmer Franziska , Stock Wolfgang G.
Published: October 2017

Image indexing and knowledge representation on Instagram are organized by folksonomy‐oriented hashtags. What kinds of hashtags do Instagram users apply for different picture categories? We distinguish between food, pets, selfies, friends, activity, art, fashion, quotes (captioned photos), landscape and architecture as image categories, as well as content‐related (ofness, aboutness, iconology), emotiveness, isness, performativeness, fakeness, “Insta”‐tags and sentences as hashtag categories. Are there any differences in relative frequencies of hashtags in the image categories? What hashtag categories dominate users' indexing activities? Given an image category, what is the distribution of hashtag categories? Given a hashtag category, what is the distribution of image categories? We analyzed 1,000 pictures on Instagram with all‐in‐all 14,649 hashtags deploying content analysis.
Adapting digital collection interface for special collections and archives collections and improving workflow
Authors: Dressler Virginia
Published: October 2017

This paper will address a recent project at Kent State University to adapt the interface of Special Collections and Archives Digital Collections to better reflect textual archival content. As our project team discovered, some of these changes also improved ingestion workflows and the quality of the optical character recognition as a result. Automated processes of creating PDF files and updating related finding aid pages will also be discussed. The visual presentation during the 2017 ASIST Annual Meeting will provide visitors the opportunity to view the digital collections and interact directly with the project through the live library website as outlined in this paper. The project to date is based on open source technologies, and our team actively works to share code back to the respective community.
A tentative evaluation framework for digital archaeological data sites
Authors: Freeman Mark Antony , Zhu Xiaohua
Published: October 2017

In this poster presentation, we describe a tentative evaluation framework for digital archaeological data sites and a test of this framework using 148 Virginia archaeological websites. Archaeological data dissemination situates in the overlapping demands of openness, scholarship and outreach. This analysis suggests that, while there are some exemplary websites, much of the archaeological record remains publicly inaccessible. These websites did provide many supporting characteristics for public outreach, but concerns about preservation, data “openness” and limited datasets remain.
Emergent trends in research to increase participation of underrepresented populations in cancer clinical trials: A qualitative analysis of the HSRProj database
Authors: Gerido Lynette Hammond , Kazmer Michelle M. , He Zhe , Mardis Marcia A.
Published: October 2017

Over the years studies have been conducted to identify barriers to participation in clinical trials. Many researchers strive to discover evidence‐based approaches for increasing participation of underrepresented groups to improve the generalizability of the study findings and to decrease health disparities. The Health Services Research Projects in Progress (HSRProj) database has over 800 studies related to cancer clinical trials. This study will analyze the data from the HSRProj database to identify trends in research related to increasing the participation of underrepresented groups in cancer clinical trials. For each study in this sample the researchers will identify the target population and research objectives to explore trends, identify potential gaps and highlight opportunities to support efforts to make research accessible to everyone involved in the health care decision‐making process. The researcher will develop a classification system based on the stated research goals of each study and compare with public policies aligned with increasing participation of underrepresented groups in clinical trials.
Information seeking in learning‐oriented search
Authors: Ghosh Souvick , Shah Chirag
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we describe the different search behaviors exhibited by participants while performing learning‐oriented search tasks. The search tasks have been designed to represent the cognitive levels of learning hierarchically. We investigate how the searcher's behavior and perceived learning outcomes vary with increasing levels of cognitive complexity. In this study, we analyze the search log data of the participants, self‐reports, questionnaires and interviews both descriptively and statistically. Our results suggest that the perceived topic knowledge of the participants, perceived interest and difficulty assessments increase with increasing levels of the task. We use this study to discuss the preliminary results and highlight the limitations and future directions of this study.
User‐engaged app development: Building better apps for the vineyard
Authors: Given Lisa M. , Deloire Alain , Kelly Wade , Paschke Philip
Published: October 2017

Wine scientists and industry organisations are increasingly creating mobile web applications (apps) to support vineyard management and monitoring. While such tools are intended to improve wine industry practices, embedding user testing and user experience design in app development has not been implemented. User‐focused design is essential for determining the need for new apps, for assessing the effectiveness of existing tools and to optimize usability. This poster presents the results from an exploratory, interdisciplinary study drawing on information science theory and best practices to examine vineyard managers' and grape growers' experiences with two apps: Fit Vine and VitiCanopy. This study used hands‐on exploration of users' experiences with the apps in the vineyards to assess the usefulness of these tools from the users' perspective. Results include the need for consistent intuitive navigation, which is necessary to address a range of users' technological literacy levels; the need for help features to be integrated into the primary interface, which guides the users' experience; and, tools that provide added value to the work practices of users in vineyards in order to influence decision making. The results underscore the importance of involving wine industry members throughout the app‐ building process.
Information needs, seeking and assessment of parents of gender creative children and transgender youth
Authors: Greyson Devon , Clark Beth , Saewyc Elizabeth
Published: October 2017

Strong family support has been identified as key to mitigating negative health outcomes for gender creative children and transgender youth (GCCTY). While a variety of information resources exist for parents/caregivers of GCCTY, we have limited knowledge of which are most useful and why. This poster reports on preliminary analysis of an anonymous online survey of 103 parents/caregivers of GCCTY, ages 4–23, in the United States and Canada. The most commonly sought topics of information were general support for gender creative children, trans youth and their parents; however, a substantial minority also sought specific information related to medical or social transition and over 10% sought faith‐based information. The most useful sources tended to be those that both met information needs and filled affective needs such as normalizing and affirming the experiences and information needs of seekers.
Does quality matter? Health information behaviors of LGBTQ youth in Prince George, Canada
Authors: Hawkins Blake
Published: October 2017

A large proportion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer (LGBTQ) health information behavior scholarship emphasizes sexual health topics. This project, however, concerned LGBTQ youth information behaviors on everyday health topics. We asked youth to map where they prefer to go for health information and when in those places, how they find health information. The most commonly discussed topic by participants was either how to find or what is quality information. Interestingly, participants had varying opinions on what is associated with both how to find or what is quality information. This paper describes the opinions of the youth on the significance and characteristics of quality information.
Content analysis of facebook posts in public libraries based on textual analysis
Authors: Joo Soohyung , Lu Kun
Published: October 2017

This poster presents preliminary findings from a textual analysis of social media posts created by public libraries. We collected a text corpus, consisting of 3,622 Facebook posts containing more than seven words from 151 public libraries. We conducted a term frequency analysis and latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling to explore the content of Facebook posts. The results revealed that terms related to library programming and library event announcements appeared frequently. The LDA topic modeling identified 25 topics underlying the corpus. We observed various topics were posted on public library Facebook Pages while library programming and event related topics were most common.
Skills for research data management – developing RDM courses at the university of Oslo
Authors: Kvale Live , Stangeland Elin
Published: October 2017

How can the library contribute to developing research data services by focusing on training? This poster presents experiences and best practices with organizing research data management (RDM) training through the University of Oslo Library. The work is based on recommendations from the report “The Data Explosion –A Great Challenge and a Big Opportunity” that mapped existing data practices at the University of Oslo (UiO) (Working group storing and sharing of research data UiO, 2015). Based on these recommendations, a division of labor among the research support services at the university was decided upon and the university library (UL) was tasked with developing courses and training for better data practices. By establishing contact with existing initiatives, inviting in experts and holding meetings for library staff to create ownership and interest in the subject the library now has a portfolio of courses in data practices and data management that is constantly expanding.
Measuring the impact of R packages
Authors: Li Kai , Xu Shenmeng
Published: October 2017

In this poster, we describe a framework to measure the impact of R packages from an altmetrics perspective. This framework includes search statistics on Google, the number of downloads on CRAN (the official R package repository), the number of posts on Stack Overflow and the count of papers on the Public Library of Science (PLoS) journals mentioning or citing the packages. These measures are normalized into monthly units. Six visualization packages were selected to test the method. Results are presented and discussed, particularly in light of the levels of engagement represented by these measures. The next steps of this project are also explained at the end of this poster proposal.
What information professionals need to know: Job ads analysis
Authors: Lopatovska Irene , Baribeau Hilary
Published: October 2017

A large number of ASIS&T members are involved in their academic programs' development, accreditation and assessment of academic degrees' offerings in relation to the professional market needs. The paper presents information about secondary sources of evidence regarding the library and information science professional market and argues that job advertisements offer rich data on desirable professional competencies and students' aspirations.
Types of research data management services: An international perspective
Authors: Matusiak Krystyna K. , Sposito Frank A.
Published: October 2017

Research data management (RDM) services are increasingly offered by university libraries and data centers worldwide to support researchers in meeting funders' requirements for data management planning and to promote access to open research data. RDM remains an emergent service area and, as it continues to evolve, a dizzying array of program designs and strategies have been explored and refined to meet new technological challenges and user needs. This poster presents findings from an international study that investigated various organizational models for RDM services delivered at selected academic libraries and research centers in Australia, Europe and North America. While most RDM services examined in the study were provided by academic libraries, the research also revealed examples of embedded curation services and identified new organizational strategies, including distributed networks of RDM expertise and multi‐purpose research data centers.
Rural public library assets: A multi‐classification study
Authors: Miller Karen A.
Published: October 2017

Rural public libraries hold economic, cultural and social capital assets in trust for their communities. This study combines public data provided by the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the United States Department of Agriculture and the United States Department of Health and Human Services to (1) conduct a multi‐classification study of rural public library assets to reveal differences in asset structures, (2) explore the implications of those differences on rural public library agency in the context of community development initiatives, (3) investigate differences in rural public library asset structures over time and (4) comment on sustainability issues surrounding those asset structures. Initial results indicate that even the smallest, most remote rural public libraries are positioned to ignite the creation of new community assets while connecting their communities to external revenue sources.
Quantifying the evolution of citation cascades
Authors: Min Chao , Sun Jianjun , Ding Ying
Published: October 2017

Citation is an important measurement in science which provides valuable clues to the historical development and trend forecast of science. However, the evolution of citation structure remains poorly understood despite long‐period and frequent use of citation counts for assessment purposes within scientific community. We observe citation structure from a cascade perspective and construct a large and long‐range citation graph based on real data. Two metrics are used to quantify the structural virality and cascade size. Preliminary results show that (1) age plays an important role for the evolution of citation cascades; (2) average depth tends to be influenced by both lifespan and the whole volume of scientific literature and grows much slower than cascade size; (3) there exists a stable positive relationship between average depth and cascade size, and it seems that an ultimate status exists where most papers eventually have large values for both metrics.
Context, visibility and control: Contesting the objectivity of visual (video) records of police‐citizen interactions
Authors: Newell Bryce Clayton
Published: October 2017

This poster presents some initial findings from a mixed‐methods study of police officer attitudes and concerns about bystander (citizen) video and the officers' own use of body‐worn cameras (BWCs) within two municipal police agencies in the United States. Utilizing a data analysis methodology based in grounded theory, I argue that officers' concerns stem from their perceived inability to control context (both of what is recorded and/or disseminated, as well as the physical situations in which the recordings are made) and unwanted visibility. These concerns are heightened by the fact that officers are working in an environment filled with increasing calls to “release the tapes” (and thus to hold officers accountable for misconduct), especially because these calls are often based on assumptions about the “objectivity” of these visual records of police‐civilian interactions that run counter to many officers' opinions that the video evidence lacks vital contextual information.
Is informal data citation for data sharing and re‐use more common than formal data citation?
Authors: Park Hyoungjoo , You Sukjin , Wolfram Dietmar
Published: October 2017

Data citation to reflect instances of data sharing and re‐use is becoming more common, although it is not yet widely adopted. We investigate how common formal and informal data citation are in bioscience/biomedical research. We found that informal data citation (i.e., acknowledgments embedded in publications outside of formal references) is far more common than formal citations. Informal citations go unrecorded, and therefore authors of datasets largely do not receive credit for having informed or influenced the research of others.
Overcoming the digital divide? Low education low income parents are equally likely to report benefits associated with online parenting information
Authors: Pluye Pierre , El Sherif Reem , Bartlett Gillian , Granikov Vera , Grad Roland M , Doray Geneviève , Lagarde François , Loignon Christine , Bouthillier France
Published: October 2017

Seeking consumer health and wellbeing information online is increasingly common. However, little is known about how people are using information targeted to a specific audience, and what happens as a result of this use. We partnered with Naitre & grandir (N&G), a magazine, website and newsletter offering trustworthy parenting information on child growth, development and health/wellbeing. This study was designed to uncover the outcomes of using online parenting information. We used the theory‐driven Information Assessment Method (IAM) to study parental perception regarding outcomes of specific N&G webpages. We asked this research question: Is there a difference between parents with a low level of education and income vs. other parents? Over an 18‐month study period, 1886 participants submitted 2532 IAM ratings that suggested N&G information was valuable in terms of situational relevance (97.2%), positive cognitive impact (99.7%), intention to use (97.9%) and expectation of benefits for child health and well‐being (69.6%). Results suggested parents with a low level of education and income were less likely to expect that N&G information can improve their child's health and wellbeing. However, there were no differences regarding parental worries, problem prevention, problem management, information exchange (e.g., with professionals) and confidence in decision‐making associated with information use. Results suggest trustworthy online parenting information for all persons, including parents with a low literacy level, can contribute to overcome the digital divide. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess outcomes of emailed parenting information from a parental viewpoint. In future research, we will describe health and wellbeing outcomes illustrated through stories collected from parents.
Development and testing of a model of interactive innovation adoption in health care
Authors: Pollock Danielle
Published: October 2017

Understanding the factors that lead groups of professionals in healthcare organizations to adopt or reject new innovations for communication and information sharing is vital for those seeking to support the information needs of these communities. This poster presents a new model for the study of the diverse factors that impact interactive innovation adoption in research‐intensive healthcare environments. It further details a method for testing the model by examining the adoption of two different interactive innovations by physicians in training at an academic medical center, one innovation developed for virtual communication between providers and the other developed to improve face‐to‐face communication in the physical world. Preliminary results from the first phase of the study, including barriers to adoption identified by the study participants, will be also displayed.
The tension between caring surveillance and controlling surveillance in the public library
Authors: Robinson Elaine , McMenemy David
Published: October 2017

This visual presentation will take the format of a poster, displaying the preliminary results of a study into acceptable use policies (AUPs) in UK public libraries. This study seeks to understand how surveillance is used in the public library and if surveillance is used in a caring or controlling way. This research used discourse analysis to analyse the content of 200 acceptable use policies in the UK. Results indicate that libraries use both caring and controlling surveillance, with more instances of controlling surveillance being found, and that there appears to be tension between the usage of caring and controlling surveillance in public libraries in the UK.
The role of diversity in a video game design program
Authors: Simons Rachel N. , Fleischmann Kenneth R.
Published: October 2017

Video game design is an emerging educational area, related to yet distinct from programs in information technology and game studies. This pilot study aimed to explore the role of diversity in video game design education. Data collection included interviews with two instructors and three students. This poster presents two themes: 1) why diversity is important to game design education and 2) how to address diversity in game design education. The results of this pilot study indicate the need for additional research on the role of diversity in video game design education and practice.
A transdisciplinary team approach to scoping reviews: Mapping the polypharmacy literature
Authors: Staley Jennifer , Waldron Jennifer , Golchin Negar , Horace Alexis , Johnson Hannah , Bolen Shari , Dawson Neal , Kleinman Lawrence , Bakaki Paul M.
Published: October 2017

Pediatric polypharmacy, the practice of administering or taking multiple medications among children, is known to be a source of both benefits and harms. Yet, despite the importance of understanding its effects, research to date has been inconsistent in the way polypharmacy in children is defined and measured. This makes measuring prevalence and outcomes across different patient groups and clinical specialties challenging. This poster will introduce the work of a transdisciplinary scoping review team that is mapping the relevant literature to produce a standardized definition of pediatric polypharmacy. The findings, which will be informed by applied library and information science (LIS), will benefit research and clinical practice in pharmacy, medicine, pediatrics, neurology and other fields.
“In my humble opinion…”: Serious YouTubers' self‐presentations, roles, and authority
Authors: Thomson Leslie
Published: October 2017

This visual presentation outlines preliminary findings from a research study that focuses on the information creating activities and the informal information provider role occupied by serious YouTubers. These individuals regularly upload video content to a personal channel on the website YouTube, of which they produce most, if not all, themselves. As many serious YouTubers have gained substantial online followings, questions about the place of this increasingly influential demographic in the broader world can be raised. Through an examination of the self‐presentation discourse used in the monographs of four serious beauty and lifestyle YouTubers, some implications and future research avenues are given. This visual presentation will take the form of a poster and accompanying set of public YouTube videos that will be played from a laptop, with captions, on loop.
Video productions at Saint Joseph Hospital, A teaching hospital in Denver, Colorado
Authors: Wells Karen , Rockwood Tim , Neail Eric
Published: October 2017

In this video production, we describe our new video productions service recently added to our multi‐media services team (MMS), which is part of our Libraries and Knowledge Services Department. Saint Joseph Hospital is a 400‐bed teaching hospital in Denver, Colorado. We have a large medical residency program in internal medicine, obstetrics & gynecology, family practice and surgery. We have many robust research and training needs, in nursing as well, including magnet maintenance, clinical ladders, and nursing research fellows.
How do Chinese researchers use research information management systems?: An exploratory study
Authors: Wu Shuheng , Stvilia Besiki , Lee Dong Joon
Published: October 2017

This poster presents how Chinese researchers use research information management (RIM) systems (e.g., ResearchGate, Google Scholar). Findings include a typology of activities in which Chinese researchers engage in RIM systems. The findings indicate that obtaining English papers and connecting with scholars from other countries motivate Chinese researchers to use specific RIM systems, while the language barrier and the Great Firewall of China discourage them to use or engage in those systems.
Music literature indexing: A comparison between users' free‐text queries and controlled vocabularies
Authors: Wu Shuheng , Fan Yun
Published: October 2017

Subject indexing of music literature is known to be difficult because of language barriers and the vocabulary problem. Prior research has validated the necessity of indexing documents based on users' search queries. This study examined the characteristics of users' free‐text queries created in a music literature database (RILM) and compared those queries with the controlled vocabularies used by the database. This poster presents a typology of 11 categories of user‐created search terms identified in RILM. The findings indicate that the controlled vocabularies used by RILM align well with the user search terms. Based on the findings, suggestions are offered to enhance and improve the controlled vocabularies for music literature indexing.
Towards understanding consumers' quality evaluation of online health information: A case study
Authors: Ye Zequn , Gwizdka Jacek , Lopes Carla Teixeira , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2017

We present a case study of quality evaluation of online health information. Two participants were selected from a health information search (HIS) study, in which we are investigating consumers' evaluation of the quality of online health information. The selected cases offered a rare example of two almost exactly opposite eye‐movement patterns on the same webpage. To better understand the differences in these patterns, we investigated participants' cognitive evaluation processes by examining their textual explanations collected in post‐task questionnaires and verbal explanations collected in the retrospective think‐aloud (RTA) sessions. We discuss how eHealth literacy and personality scores may be related to the behavioral differences. The findings of this case study inform the formulation of hypotheses for full data analysis of the HIS study, as well as future research addressing behavior patterns and factors affecting consumers' quality evaluation of online health information.
Exploring text classification of social support in online health communities for people who are D/deaf and hard of hearing
Authors: Yu Biyang , Gerido Lynette , He Zhe
Published: October 2017

Due to the social oppressions from the mainstream society, social support becomes fundamental for people who are D/deaf and hard of hearing (D/hh) to exchange information within their own community. We aim to examine the support content of messages and how support processes become established by exploring the interactions within a D/hh discussion forum, AllDeaf.com, which is one of the leading online communities for D/hh. In this pilot study, we first employed content analysis to code discussion posts using the Social Support Behavior Code. Two authors collaboratively coded a random sample of 25 threads and 632 posts. Informational support was observed as the most frequently exchanged type of social support for people who are D/hh. Then we identified social support features used for future text classification task. Our preliminary qualitative findings indicated that the linguistic and lexical features have the potential to support automated feature identification and social support classification typology with text mining techniques
Machine reading for relationships between autism research and the media
Authors: Ding Ying , Wang Fang , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhai Yujia
Published: October 2017

Autism represents a broad group of developmental disorders characterized by impaired social interactions. It has attracted widespread concern in academia and media. The reported causes of autism have an enormous impact on the people's opinion about autistic patients and various treatments from scientific literature and media news. In this study, we use open information extraction (OIE), a machine reading technique, to automatically extract causal relationships from autism researches and news reports. We explored the differences between the scientific literature and news about the reported etiologies with respect to autism. As a result, we find that scientific papers clearly emphasize physical and biological factors, while the media emphasizes social factors as the perceived cause of autism.
Decomposing the Twitter data stream in healthcare: An information theory perspective
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Chang Hsia‐Ching
Published: October 2017

Recent research using Twitter as an information communication channel has shown how event organizers convey and disseminate their agendas across industries and disciplines. However, little research has been carried out on the user's choice of information components when composing a tweet through the lens of information theory. This research employs a comparative case study to examine how medical‐terminology hashtags and corresponding lay‐language hashtags have been used to help to communicate healthcare messages on the Twitter platform. The main result of this case study revealed patterns that both retweeting behavior and the use of a variety of components to construct a tweet contribute to higher entropy values which imply that these are more informative ways to communicate healthcare messages.
Predictive value of epithelial‐mesenchymal‐transition (EMT) signature and PARP‐1 in prostate cancer radioresistance
Authors: Stark Timothy W. , Hensley Patrick J. , Spear Amanda , Pu Hong , Strup Stephen S. , Kyprianou Natasha
Published: October 2017

Introduction

Epithelial‐mesenchymal‐transition (EMT) has been previously identified as a contributor to prostate cancer progression to metastasis and therapeutic resistance to antiandrogens and radiotherapy. In this study we conducted a retrospective analysis to investigate the significance of radiation‐induced EMT and consequential changes to the tumor microenvironment in biochemical recurrence and response to radiotherapy in prostate cancer patients.

Methods

Expression profiling and localization for EMT effectors, E‐Cadherin, N‐Cadherin, β‐catenin and Vimentin was assessed in human prostate tumor specimens pre‐ and post‐radiotherapy and correlated with biochemical recurrence. In addition, immunoreactivity of the DNA repair enzyme, polymerase (PARP‐1) and the cytoskeletal‐remodeling regulator, cofilin was evaluated in prostate tumor specimens pre‐ and post‐radiotherapy and correlated with pre‐treatment prostate‐specific antigen levels (PSA).

Results

Our findings identified that characteristic changes associated with the EMT phenotype and its reversal to mesenchymal‐epithelial‐transition (MET) within the tumor microenvironment correlate with biochemical recurrence and resistance to radiotherapy among prostate cancer patients. Moreover, elevated PARP‐1 expression among the tumor cells undergoing EMT implicates that DNA repair mechanisms may potentially reverse the cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy‐induced DNA breaks.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that EMT programming effectors, integrated with the actin cytoskeleton regulator cofilin and mesenchymal PARP‐1 expression profile provide a signature of potential predictive significance of therapeutic response to radiotherapy in a subset of prostate cancer patients.
Toxicity to and egg‐laying avoidance of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) caused by an old alternative inorganic insecticide preparation
Authors: Andreazza Felipe , Vacacela Ajila Henry E , Haddi Khalid , Colares Felipe , Pallini Angelo , Oliveira Eugênio E
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

The application of synthetic insecticides remains the most used tool for the management of spotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae). However, management of this pest in the organic production of soft‐skinned fruits is a complex task due to the restricted number of registered products. Here, we assess the toxicity of lime sulfur and evaluate whether lime sulfur‐treated strawberry plants affected the oviposition and development of D. suzukii.

RESULTS

Lime sulfur exhibited adequate toxicity to D. suzukii (LC50 = 26.6 mL L−1) without phytotoxicity to strawberry plants. When D. suzukii females were exposed to lime sulfur‐treated plants in no‐choice bioassays, oviposition was significantly (t‐test, P < 0.05) reduced compared with that on untreated plants. In free‐choice bioassays, D. suzukii females laid significantly (paired t‐test, P < 0.05) more eggs on untreated plants. Furthermore, in the free‐choice bioassays, immature development was slower for adults that originated from eggs laid on lime sulfur‐treated plants than from those laid on untreated plants.

CONCLUSIONS

Lime sulfur showed adequate control and, therefore, has potential for use as a management tool against D. suzukii infestations in organic production systems. This old, alternative insecticide preparation not only caused adult fly mortality, but also reduced the number of eggs laid on lime sulfur‐treated plants. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Experimental design matters for statistical analysis: how to handle blocking
Authors: Jensen Signe M , Schaarschmidt Frank , Onofri Andrea , Ritz Christian
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

Nowadays, evaluation of the effects of pesticides often relies on experimental designs that involve multiple concentrations of the pesticide of interest or multiple pesticides at specific comparable concentrations and, possibly, secondary factors of interest. Unfortunately, the experimental design is often more or less neglected when analysing data. Two data examples were analysed using different modelling strategies. First, in a randomized complete block design, mean heights of maize treated with a herbicide and one of several adjuvants were compared. Second, translocation of an insecticide applied to maize as a seed treatment was evaluated using incomplete data from an unbalanced design with several layers of hierarchical sampling. Extensive simulations were carried out to further substantiate the effects of different modelling strategies.

RESULTS

It was shown that results from suboptimal approaches (two‐sample t‐tests and ordinary ANOVA assuming independent observations) may be both quantitatively and qualitatively different from the results obtained using an appropriate linear mixed model. The simulations demonstrated that the different approaches may lead to differences in coverage percentages of confidence intervals and type 1 error rates, confirming that misleading conclusions can easily happen when an inappropriate statistical approach is chosen.

CONCLUSION

To ensure that experimental data are summarized appropriately, avoiding misleading conclusions, the experimental design should duly be reflected in the choice of statistical approaches and models. We recommend that author guidelines should explicitly point out that authors need to indicate how the statistical analysis reflects the experimental design. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Photon‐Induced Distant Pseudospin Interaction Between Graphene Sheets Inserted Into a Cavity
Authors: Feng Peng
Published: October 2017

The pseudospin interaction between graphene sheets inserted into a microwave cavity is studied, and a pseudospin radiation driven by the pseudospin interaction is presented. It is found that a circularly polarized photon can induce a distant pseudospin interaction and a pseudospin radiation. An interference effect of pseudospins from two graphene sheets results in an oscillation distribution of this interaction with the distance between two graphene sheets. Both the pseudospin interaction and pseudospin radiation can be enhanced by increasing microwave intensity and decreasing the microwave frequency. The acting range of this pseudospin interaction may reach the order of magnitude of the cavity length. This makes the distant interaction of pseudospins in two graphene sheets become possible if the distance between the two reflectors in the cavity is far enough. The graphene vibration around the positions of some antinodes of standing microwaves in the cavity driven by pseudospin interaction can emit an electromagnetic wave. By measuring the frequency of this radiation field, the pseudospin interaction between two graphene sheets can be determined quantitatively.
An asymmetric Lyapunov function for linear systems with asymmetric actuator saturation
Authors: Li Yuanlong , Lin Zongli
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes an asymmetric Lyapunov function approach to the estimation of the domain of attraction and the domain with a guaranteed regional
gain for a linear system subject to asymmetric actuator saturation. Depending on the sign of each of the m inputs, the input space is divided into 2m regions. In each region, the linear system with asymmetrically saturated inputs can be expressed as a linear system with symmetric dead zone. A quadratic function of the augmented state vector containing the system state and the symmetric dead‐zone function is constructed for each region. From these quadratic functions, an asymmetric Lyapunov function is composed. Furthermore, based on the special properties of the intersections between regions, 2 generalized asymmetric Lyapunov functions are proposed that lead to reduced conservativeness. A set of conditions are established under which the level sets of these asymmetric Lyapunov functions are contractively invariant and are thus estimates of the domain of attraction. Another set of conditions are derived under which the level sets are subsets of the domain with a guaranteed regional
gain. Based on these conditions, LMI‐based optimization problems are formulated and solved to obtain the largest level sets as the estimates of the domain of attraction and of the domain with a guaranteed regional
gain. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Did judge side with recruit who was allegedly assaulted during campus visit?
Authors: Gelpi Aileen
Published: October 2017

High school junior K.T. was allegedly assaulted by a Culver‐Stockton College student on campus in 2014 when she was visiting the college as a potential recruit for the women's soccer team. The incident was reported to the administration the next day, but the college allegedly failed to adequately investigate the matter until a complaint was registered by her family with local law enforcement.
The Systems Perspective of National Innovation Ecosystems
Authors: Suseno Yuliani , Standing Craig
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we argue for a systems perspective as the theoretical and analytical basis of national innovation ecosystems. Drawing on the system concepts of holism, emergence and open systems features, we analyse the national innovation ecosystems of Australia and Singapore. The analysis of national innovation ecosystems is based on five dimensions of policies: human capital investment and the availability of professional labour, infrastructure, private–public sector collaboration, support for funding and commercialization and innovation corporate culture. We find both countries' national innovation ecosystems to have aspects of holism, emergence and being open systems; however, the extent of these features varies between the two countries in terms of the five dimensions of national innovation policies that we focus on. The paper provides implications for theory and practice particularly for policymakers to consider systems perspective in order to properly design and also gain benefits from national innovation ecosystems. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential Use of Mixed Gels from Konjac Glucomannan and Native Starch for Encapsulation and Delivery of Aroma Compounds: A Review
Authors: Lafarge Céline , Cayot Nathalie
Published: October 2017

Mixed gels based on native starch and konjac glucomannan, and their potential to encapsulate aroma compounds, are reviewed. Starch and konjac glucomannan are two carbohydrates, abundant, low cost, soft taste, and used as food grade wall material. After an overview of konjac glucomannan, the structure of mixed gels of native starch and konjac glucomannan and their use for encapsulation and delivery of aroma compounds are described. The advantage of the addition of konjac glucomannan to starch gels is the increase of physical stability of the starch matrices upon storage, and consequently the increase of the shelf life of the product. The second advantage is that the molecular encapsulation of interest molecules by amylose is still possible in the presence of konjac glucomannan. Potato‐starch–konjac glucomannan gels may have potential applications for the delivery of aroma compounds in hydrated gels and thus offer opportunities to develop new products.
Distinct Properties and Structures Among B‐Crystalline Starch Granules
Authors: Vamadevan Varatharajan , Blennow Andreas , Buléon Alain , Goldstein Avi , Bertoft Eric
Published: October 2017

Starch granules derived from certain tuber or root crops exhibit a B‐type polymorphic pattern and amylopectin with a high content of long B‐chains and comparatively long segments between the building blocks. Here, four B‐crystalline starches are selected to study their morphology and molecular composition, including lintnerization conducted at two different temperatures. The structure of the granules suggests that the B‐type crystalline starches can be divided into two distinct groups, with potato and edible canna forming one group having large granules with typical “growth rings” and the molecular structure of the lintners being dependent on the temperature of lintnerization. The other group consists of shoti and lesser yam starches possessing granules with alternating “granular slices” instead of rings or shells and the molecular composition of the lintners is not dependent on the temperature. It is found that the former group of starch possess lower gelatinization temperatures and swell at lower temperatures than the latter group, suggesting a more labile granular structure of potato and canna starches compared to shoti and lesser yam. As the properties are not related to the amylose or phosphate content of the granules, the result suggests that B‐crystalline starch granules are found as at least two distinct structural types with unique architectures.
Readers of Macunaíma and Martin Fierro are like two ships passing in the night: Bad for business
Authors: Behrens Alfredo , Gantman Ernesto R.
Published: October 2017

This is an exploratory study about the knowledge of Brazilian managers about Argentina and vice versa. Expressing a deeper knowledge of the partner's culture corresponds to greater familiarity, which facilitates the construction of the confidence necessary to do business. We analyzed the academic literature on familiarity and trust, and suggest that the interrelationships of these countries' economies could be enhanced by encouraging greater familiarity among business actors in the countries. The empirical data comes from surveys of MBA students from both countries, carried out in 2008, 2014, and 2015. The results suggest a significant lack of knowledge of the other and a relative stability of expressions of distrust over time, in the case of Brazilians. We conclude that it is advisable to encourage a greater intercultural understanding among business executives of both nations because this could accelerate mutually beneficial business and empower the executives' careers in the region. We also suggest that the demand for this type of intercultural skills should arise at corporations because the demand by executives is not sufficiently informed as to garner the necessary change and because the pay‐as‐you‐go income model of business schools responds to clients' needs rather than to what should be done.
Key factors influencing differences in stream water quality across space
Authors: Lintern A. , Webb J.A. , Ryu D. , Liu S. , Bende‐Michl U. , Waters D. , Leahy P. , Wilson P. , Western A. W.
Published: October 2017

Globally, many rivers are experiencing declining water quality, for example, with altered levels of sediments, salts, and nutrients. Effective water quality management requires a sound understanding of how and why water quality differs across space, both within and between river catchments. Land cover, land use, land management, atmospheric deposition, geology and soil type, climate, topography, and catchment hydrology are the key features of a catchment that affect: (1) the amount of suspended sediment, nutrient, and salt concentrations in catchments (i.e., the source), (2) the mobilization ,and (3) the delivery of these constituents to receiving waters. There are, however, complexities in the relationship between landscape characteristics and stream water quality. The strength of this relationship can be influenced by the distance and spatial arrangement of constituent sources within the catchment, cross correlations between landscape characteristics, and seasonality. A knowledge gap that should be addressed in future studies is that of interactions and cross correlations between landscape characteristics. There is currently limited understanding of how the relationships between landscape characteristics and water quality responses can shift based on the other characteristics of the catchment. Understanding the many forces driving stream water quality and the complexities and interactions in these forces is necessary for the development of successful water quality management strategies. This knowledge could be used to develop predictive models, which would aid in forecasting of riverine water quality. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1260. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1260

This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes

Science of Water > Water Quality