bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARTE, ESTADO E SOCIEDADE CIVIL: NOVAS REFLEXÕES ACERCA DA LIVRE EXPRESSÃO DA ATIVIDADE INTELECTUAL
Authors: Alves Fernando De Brito , Araújo Felipe Ferreira
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo busca demonstrar que, em razão do seu alcance social, da sua importância cultural e da disciplina normativa que emana da Constituição de 1988, a arte de rua – espécie de atividade intelectual – que ocorre em sua forma pública deve ser garantida pelo Estado, e que ele, enquanto responsável, deverá apoiar tais manifestações culturais, através da criação de políticas públicas que, efetivamente, promovam a arte, procurando sempre remediar os entraves de natureza tributária e administrativa que possam criar obstáculos para a utilização dos espaços urbanos públicos mínimos já destinados à realização da arte pública. Este artigo ilustra, ainda, as circunstâncias de um caso real, servindo-se de matérias jornalísticas que tratam a respeito das ações da CMTU que cercearam a utilização de vias e logradouros por parte dos artistas de rua de Londrina.
PROGRAMAS DE ACÇÃO, MERCADO DIGITAL E DESAFIOS HODIERNOS
Authors: Frota Mário
Published: January 2018

O presente estudo enfrenta a temática do mercado digital e os desafios hodiernos no âmbito da União Europeia. O objeto é analisar os novos modelos estruturantes das tecnologias da informação e os benefícios sociais e para a economia digital, à luz do programa plurianual (septenal) de acção da União Européia que se estende até 2020, no quadro da política de consumidores. Como resultado a
Família Líquida e sua reinvenção sob o molde do afeto: encontros e desencontros
Authors: Ghilardi Dóris
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo tem como proposta discutir as transformações da família e seu delineamento atual, moldado a partir do afeto. As reflexões são parte da tese de doutorado da autora e surgiram em decorrência de várias inquietações acerca da utilização constante do afeto como um valor apto a reger e a reconstruir as relações e os paradigmas existentes no direito de família. A sustenção do discurso embora legítima também é frágil, o que auxilia na compreensão e percepção de forças externas que legitimam discursos em nome da felicidade, mas que esconde pretensões econômicas. O objetivo é trazer um pouco de luz para o arenoso campo do afeto, permitindo a verificação de que as relações familiares se pautam em vários interesses e sofrem diversas influências. Aliado a isso constroi-se um conceito de família, com base na metáfora da liquidez, capaz de albergar formatos plurais, realçando a sua importância para a estrutura  da sociedade, bem como para a estruturação do próprio sujeito.
Análise das diretrizes do subsistema de saúde indígena no estado de Alagoas, Brasil.
Authors: Liberal Leite Alexsandra Santos , Gonzaga Vieira Jorge Luiz
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo, encontra-se estudado o direito à saúde indígena, por normas pouco analisadas no sistema jurídico brasileiro. Para isto, foi investigada sua construção histórica e foram coletados documentos e registros verbais por trabalho de campo frente aos povos de Alagoas.
Low-Temperature Behavior of the Specific Heat for an N-Spin Ferromagnetic Material in an External Magnetic Field
Authors: Kim Seung-Yeon
Published: January 2018

A ferromagnetic material in the absence of an external magnetic field shows the peak of its specific heat in low temperature, called the Schottky anomaly, which is vital in understanding the low-energy structure of a given material. A general formula for the low-temperature behavior of the specific heat of an N-spin ferromagnetic material in an external magnetic field (the generalized Schottky anomaly) is obtained for the first time. Also, as a representative example of ferromagnetic materials in an external magnetic field, the low-temperature behavior of the specific heat for the Ising ferromagnet is studied.
A Game-Theoretic Modelling of Risk Preferences of the Students during the Placement Process for Summer Internship, IIM Ahmedabad
Authors: Mandal Gautam Kumar , Agarwal Gaurav , Pingali Viswanath
Published: January 2018

The placement process for summer placements at IIM Ahmedabad renders a series of decisions to be judiciously taken by every student owing to the limited time availability and a highly competitive environment. In this paper, we have primarily analysed the period between the day students of first year management programme have their CVs frozen (cannot be altered later) and the day the last student of the batch gets an internship offer. The dilemmas faced by a student are dependent on their personal profile but also largely on the sequence of events unfolding during the period. Using the publicly available data of last two years’ summer placements, a survey administered to second year students, long form conversational interviews (LFCI) with concerned office bearers over the last one month, and the previously established econometric models for utility derived in various human activities as given in literature have been quantitatively and qualitatively analysed and combined together to generate a set of inequalities attempting to resolve the dilemmas that students face. The various decisions are considered as subgames in a decision tree, and have been solved using the inequalities developed. Significant insights about the proposed rational behaviour has been drawn and interpreted back in non-mathematical terms in the end. In an attempt to maximise the various utility functions, some of the variables have been taken as categorical predictors providing a discrete description of the placement process. Overall, the paper attempts to give a systematic method of analysing and recommend the decisions a rational student should optimally take during the three months period of excessive work load, and high stakes.
Progression of Glenoid Morphology in Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis
Authors: Walker Kyle E. , Simcock Xavier C. , Jun Bong Jae , Iannotti Joseph P. , Ricchetti Eric T.
Published: January 2018

Background:

Walch defined the pathologic characteristics of glenohumeral osteoarthritis on the basis of patterns of glenoid morphology and humeral head subluxation. However, it is unclear how pathologic changes evolve over time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are common patterns of pathologic progression based on the Walch classification in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis and if glenoid bone-loss patterns correlate with rotator cuff fatty infiltration.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review identified 65 shoulders with glenohumeral osteoarthritis for which at least 2 computed tomography (CT) scans had been performed at least 24 months apart. The CT scans were classified using a modification of the Walch classification. The amount and location of glenoid bone loss were measured using a vault model, and rotator cuff fatty infiltration was calculated as a percentage of cross-sectional muscle area.

Results:

The initial CT scans showed 42 A-type glenoids and 23 B-type glenoids. CT scans made at an average (and standard deviation) of 74 ± 32 months after the initial scans showed that only 8 of the 42 A1 glenoids had evidence of pathologic progression (5 to A2 type and 3 to B type) whereas 17 of 19 B1 glenoids had progressed (15 to B2 and 2 to B3); this difference was significant on univariate and multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). The odds of joint line medialization occurring were 8.1 times higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1 to 31.4) for B-type glenoids than for A-type glenoids. Among the glenoids that underwent medialization, those classified as B-type showed more medialization over time (estimated change, 0.70 mm/year; p = 0.036), whereas no significant relationship between medialization and time was observed for A-type glenoids (estimated change, 0.013 mm/year; p = 0.95). The median percent fatty infiltration in the infraspinatus muscle was higher in association with B-type glenoids than in association with A-type glenoids on both the initial (14% versus 7%; p < 0.001) and the final follow-up (16% versus 10%; p = 0.003) CT scans.

Conclusions:

Asymmetric bone loss rarely develops in A1 glenoids, whereas initial posterior translation of the humeral head (B1 glenoids) may be associated with subsequent development and progression of posterior glenoid bone loss over time. Differences in fatty infiltration of the posterior aspect of the rotator cuff were seen between A-type and B-type glenoids, but the clinical relevance of this finding is currently unknown.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Prior Generic Arthroscopic Volume Correlates with Hip Arthroscopic Proficiency
Authors: Erturan Gurhan , Alvand Abtin , Judge Andrew , Pollard Thomas C.B. , Glyn-Jones Sion , Rees Jonathan L.
Published: January 2018

Background:

Changing trends in surgical education and patient expectation are leading to proficiency models of progression and the use of simulators. Hip arthroscopy is increasingly performed and has a steep learning curve mainly addressed during fellowship training. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of previous generic arthroscopic experience on performance at a simulated hip arthroscopy task to both estimate the minimum case numbers that correlate with expert proficiency levels and help to guide selection for hip arthroscopy fellowships.

Methods:

Fifty-two participants were recruited to a cross-sectional study. Four consultants (expert hip arthroscopists), 28 trainees (residents and fellows), and 20 novices (interns and medical students) performed a standardized bench-top simulated hip arthroscopy task. A validated global rating scale (GRS) score and motion analysis were used to assess surgical performance. Prior arthroscopic experience was recorded from surgical electronic logbooks. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to identify optimum cut-points for task proficiency at both expert and competent GRS levels.

Results:

There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the arthroscopic ability of all experience groups based on GRS assessment and for all motion analysis metrics. There was a significant positive correlation between logbook numbers and GRS scores (p < 0.0001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that a minimum of 610 prior arthroscopic procedures were necessary to achieve an expert GRS score, and 78 prior arthroscopic procedures were necessary for a competent score.

Conclusions:

Performing a basic hip arthroscopy task competently requires substantial previous generic arthroscopic experience. The numbers identified in this study provide targets for residents. Program directors appointing to hip arthroscopy fellowship training posts may find these results useful as a guide during the selection process.
Body Mass Index Affects Proximal Femoral but Not Acetabular Morphology in Adolescents Without Hip Pathology
Authors: Novais Eduardo N. , Shefelbine Sandra J. , Kienle Karl-Philipp , Miller Patricia E. , Bowen Garrett , Kim Young-Jo , Bixby Sarah D.
Published: January 2018

Background:

Increased mechanical load secondary to a large body mass index (BMI) may influence bone remodeling. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BMI is associated with the morphology of the proximal part of the femur and the acetabulum in a cohort of adolescents without a history of hip disorders.

Methods:

We evaluated pelvic computed tomographic (CT) images in 128 adolescents with abdominal pain without a history of hip pathology. There were 44 male patients (34%) and the mean patient age (and standard deviation) was 15 ± 1.95 years. The alpha angle, head-neck offset, epiphysis tilt, epiphyseal angle, and epiphyseal extension were measured to assess femoral morphology. Measurements of acetabular morphology included lateral center-edge angle, acetabular Tönnis angle, and acetabular depth. BMI percentile, specific to age and sex according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts, was recorded.

Results:

BMI percentile was associated with all measurements of femoral morphology. Each 1-unit increase in BMI percentile was associated with a mean 0.15° increase in alpha angle (p < 0.001) and with a mean 0.03-mm decrease in femoral head-neck offset (p < 0.001). On average, a 1-unit increase in BMI percentile was associated with a 0.0006-unit decrease in epiphyseal extension (p = 0.03), a 0.10° increase in epiphyseal angle (p < 0.001), and a 0.06° decrease in tilt angle (p = 0.02; more posteriorly tilted epiphysis). There was no detected effect of BMI percentile on acetabular morphology including lateral center-edge angle (p = 0.33), Tönnis angle (p = 0.35), and acetabular depth (p = 0.88).

Conclusions:

Higher BMI percentile was associated with increased alpha angle, reduced head-neck offset and epiphyseal extension, and a more posteriorly tilted epiphysis with decreased tilt angle and increased epiphyseal angle. This morphology resembles a mild slipped capital femoral epiphysis deformity and may increase the shear stress across the growth plate, increasing the risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis development in obese adolescents. BMI percentiles had no association with measurements of acetabular morphology. Further studies will help to clarify whether obese asymptomatic adolescents have higher prevalence of a subclinical slip deformity and whether this morphology increases the risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis and femoroacetabular impingement development.
Increasing methane content in biogas and simultaneous value added product recovery using microbial electrosynthesis
Authors: Das Sovik , Chatterjee Pritha , Ghangrekar M. M.
Published: January 2018

Electrosynthesis of multi-carbon compounds from the carbon dioxide present in biogas is a nascent approach towards purification of biogas. Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) cells, fabricated using different electrode materials, were operated using different electrolytes and mixed anaerobic culture as biocatalysts in the cathodic chamber under an applied cathode potential of −0.7 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). The rate of production of acetate, isobutyrate, propionate and 2-piperidinone from reduction of CO2 in the cathodic chamber of the MES was 0.81 mM/day, 0.63 mM/day, 0.44 mM/day and 0.53 mM/day, respectively. As methane was also present in the biogas, methyl derivatives of these acids were also found in traces in catholyte. It was observed that the use of nickel foam as an anode, 1 M NiSO4 solution as anolyte, graphite felt as a cathode, phosphate buffer solution as catholyte at a pH of 5.2 proved to be the best possible combination for MES for this study to get enhanced product yield at higher energy efficiency.
Biodepuration of domestic sewage, textile effluents and acid mine drainage using starch-based xerogel from recycled potato peels
Authors: Roque Francisco , Diaz Karla , Ancco Midwar , Delgado Daniela , Tejada Kevin
Published: January 2018

Water is a finite resource. Its safety and cleanliness are highly important to meet current and future human needs. Compared to other resources, water represents a main factor to achieve development in several areas and leads to economic progress of a nation. However, in recent years, the excessive demographic and industrial growth has exacerbated water contamination. In this study, the biodepuration process of domestic sewage (DS), textile effluents (TE) and acid mine drainage (AMD) is conducted using starch-based xerogel from potato (Solanum tuberosum) peels. Results showed that the treatment is effective to achieve the reduction of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand. The most important result was the achievement of heavy metals removal for the three components. Firstly, there was a reduction of barium, zinc, and cadmium (91, 60 and 46%, respectively) for raw AMD. Secondly, there was a reduction in the levels of zinc, aluminum, and barium (89, 86 and 64%, respectively) for TE biodepuration. Finally, results showed a reduction in zinc, iron and cadmium levels (81, 78 and 57%, respectively) for DS biodepuration.
REVIEW ARTICLE ON LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA AS ONE OF THE MIRACLE TIMBER TREES
Authors: Zayed Mohamed Z. , Sallam Sobhy M. A. , Shetta Nader D.
Published: January 2018

Leucaena leucocephala trees are commonly known as White Lead tree. It is native to Southern Mexico and Northern Central America and spread across many tropical and sub-tropical locations. It has multipurpose uses, such as generation of firewood, timber, greens, fodder, and green manure, as well as to provide shade and control soil erosion. It has been used for medicinal purposes because of possessing multiple pharmacological properties. Studies have shown the presence of various secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and glycosides in this species. In traditional medicine, it is used to control stomach ache and as contraception and abortifacient. In the present study, the global distribution, taxonomy, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and potential uses of Leucaena leucocephalaare discussed.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NEW RP-UPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CEFDINIR IN BULK AND DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Ponnekanti Krishnaphanisri , Sundararajan Raja
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop and validate a new rapid and sensitive reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-UPLC) method for determination of cefdinir in bulk drug and dosage form.Methods: Separation was achieved with an Acquity SB C18 (100 × 2 mm) 1.8μm column with an isocratic mobile phase containing a mixture of orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile (60:40 v/v) and pH adjusted to 2.8. The flow rate of the mobile phase was 0.3 ml/min with a column temperature of 30 °C and detection wavelength at 285 nm.Results: The method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limits, robustness and specificity. The precision of the results, stated as the relative standard deviation was below 1.5%. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range from 25 to 150μg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993. The accuracy of the method demonstrated at three levels in the range of 50%, 100% and 150% of the specification limit. The recovery of cefdinir was found to be in the range of 98 to 102%, whereas the detection limits were found to be 0.17 and 0.51µg/ml. Forced degradation study was carried out under acidic, alkaline, oxidative, photolytic and thermal conditions to prove the stability-indicating ability of the developed UPLC method.Conclusion: The developed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision limit of detection and quantification, robustness and specificity. The method was applied successfully for the determination of cefdinir in tablets.
Response of Soybean to Sulphur and Boron Nutrition in Vertisols of Kbirdham District of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Kulhary Lomendra Kumar , Sahu Tirath Das
Published: January 2018

This study was carried out to study the response of soybean to sulphur and boron level in terms of yield and nutrient uptake. The experiment was conducted at KVK, Kawardha farm, Kabirdham (C.G.). Experiment comprised of four levels of sulphur viz. 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha-1 and four levels of boron viz. 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 kg ha-1. Yield attributes and yield of soybean were significantly influenced by different sulphur level and maximum yield (21.04 kg ha-1 seed yield and 22.55 kg ha-1 stover yield) was observed with application of 30 kg S ha-1 and it was closely followed by 45 kg S ha-1 (19.67 kg ha-1 seed yield and 22.20 kg ha-1 stover yield) but were statistically at par with each other. Among boron levels 1.0 kg B ha-1 was superior to others for getting maximum soybean yield (18.82 kg ha-1 seed yield and 21.05 kg ha-1 stover yield). Sulphur and boron application resulted in increased nutrient uptake by soybean. Maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and boron uptake (147.03, 10.17, 39.61, 8.35 kg ha-1 and 98.71 g ha-1 respectively) was observed with 30 kg S ha-1. Maximum uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and boron (131.51, 9.10, 36.85, 7.74 kg ha-1 and 89.38 g ha-1 respectively) was associated with application of 1.0 kg B ha-1. Available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in post-harvest soil were found higher with application of 30 kg S ha-1 and 1.0 kg B ha-1.
BIOSSEGURANÇA EM ONCOLOGIA E O PROFISSIONAL FARMACÊUTICO: ANÁLISE DE PRESCRIÇÃO E MANIPULAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS ANTINEOPLÁSICOS
Authors: Santos Júnior Aníbal de Freitas , De Souza Danielle Ferreira , Garrido Jorgeci dos Santos , Tannus Caroline de Aragão , Cardoso Hugo Saba Pereira , Magalhães Hemerson Iury Ferreira
Published: January 2018

A adoção de medidas de biossegurança, associada à técnica asséptica durante a manipulação de antineoplásicos, é essencial para minimizar a exposição dos profissionais de saúde aos riscos inerentes a essas substâncias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais farmacêuticos quanto aos riscos presentes no processo de manipulação de medicamentos antineoplásicos e a conduta desses profissionais e dos serviços de saúde frente à análise de prescrição médica e adoção de normas de biossegurança, nos serviços de oncologia, na cidade metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, em 15 serviços de quimioterapia cadastrados no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimento de Saúde no estado da Bahia. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados com 27 profissionais farmacêuticos que exerciam atividades nos Serviços de Terapia Antineoplásica. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria da população do estudo não teve acesso ao conhecimento sobre biossegurança em oncologia na graduação, apesar de ter cursado a grade curricular generalista, evidenciando o despreparo do farmacêutico para atuação nesse âmbito. Encontrou-se um profissional fortemente vinculado às atividades técnico-administrativas e pouco presente na prática clínica, principalmente associado à gestão de estoque (70,37%). Os protocolos de quimioterapia antineoplásica são complexos e os pacientes oncológicos representam um grupo especial, que necessita de cuidados farmacêuticos. Concluiu-se que é necessário adotar medidas de biossegurança e uma constante atualização técnico-científica para o melhor desempenho da prática farmacêutica.

Palavras-chave: Farmacêuticos. Oncologia. Antineoplásicos. Biossegurança. Prescrição.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DOS ACIDENTES OFÍDICOS NOTIFICADOS EM UM CENTRO DE ASSISTÊNCIA TOXICOLÓGICA DE 2011 A 2015
Authors: Leite João Evano de Farias , Fernandes Leiliane Teixeira Bento , Freitas Junior Aníbal dos Santos , Cavalcanti Bruno Coêlho , Nobre Júnior Hélio Vitoriano , Magalhães Hemerson Iury Ferreira
Published: January 2018

O Brasil é um dos países sul-americanos com maior prevalência de acidentes ofídicos por ano, entretanto esses acontecimentos são considerados negligenciados por países tropicais e subtropicais em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste artigo foi traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes ofídicos notificados no período 2011-2015, em um Centro de Assistência Toxicológica. Para tanto, fez-se uma pesquisa transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizada com dados epidemiológicos registrados e documentados nas fichas de notificação e de atendimento de acidentes ofídicos. Foram coletadas, para análise, nove variáveis, e os dados encontrados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Assim, os resultados indicaram a notificação de 183 casos, sendo 19,13% relativos aos acidentes botrópicos. O sexo masculino foi o mais acometido, com 67,76%, e predominou a faixa etária de 10 a 49 anos (73,22%), tendo os membros inferiores como a região anatômica mais afetada (74,32%). A maioria das ocorrências foi na zona rural (54,10%), principalmente agricultores (26,23%), na ocasião em que exerciam sua ocupação (13,66%). Concluiu-se que é necessário o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que contribuam para o (re)conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico desses acidentes como forma de favorecer o desenvolvimento de estratégias preventivas, bem como reforçar a importância da identificação das espécies responsáveis pelos acidentes para que haja um tratamento efetivo e menor risco de ocorrência de óbitos e sequelas nos indivíduos acometidos.

Palavras-chave: Mordeduras de serpentes. Epidemiologia. Serpentes.
RISCOS ERGONÔMICOS EM UMA EMPRESA DE EXTRAÇÃO DE ÓLEOS VEGETAIS
Authors: Leal Evangileno Nunes , Lima Januário Gomes Mourão e
Published: January 2018

O trabalho na agroindústria do dendê proporciona diversos riscos aos trabalhadores. Objetiva-se descrever os riscos ergonômicos no ambiente laboral em uma pequena empresa no ramo da agroindústria do dendê. O estudo é transversal, descritivo e de base populacional. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se o questionário. Os resultados mostraram que o sexo masculino foi o mais predominante, com 86%; a faixa etária de predomínio foi entre 36 e 45 anos, com 30%; 38% têm mais de 5 anos na empresa; 50% fizeram treinamento funcional; 62% relataram a temperatura elevada; 62% trabalhavam em pé; 70% gostavam muito da sua função; 56% não precisavam trabalhar em ritmo acelerado; 34% carregavam peso de 7 a 25 kg; 32% transportavam peso mais de 3 horas por dia; 48% faziam hora extra todos os dias; 68% não tinham pausa para descanso; 44% cansavam-se moderadamente durante o trabalho; 26% sentiam dores no corpo apenas após o trabalho e a mesma proporção relatou dores durante e após o trabalho, 20% relataram dores nas costas, pernas e outros segmentos; 14% já sentiam algum sintoma físico antes da função atual; e 48% queixaram-se de sintomas físicos atualmente. Concluiu-se que a ergonomia é essencial para a saúde e a segurança do trabalhador, tornando-o mais motivado pessoal e profissionalmente.

Palavras-chave: Riscos. Ergonomia. Óleos vegetais.
FEBRE MACULOSA NO BRASIL: SITUAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA ATUAL E A DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA DE CARRAPATOS EM CENÁRIOS DE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS
Authors: Oliveira Stefan Vilges de , Gazeta Gilberto Salles , Gonçalves Rodrigo Gurgel
Published: January 2018

No Brasil, os quadros clínicos da febre maculosa podem ser resultantes da infecção por duas espécies de riquétsias. Rickettsia rickettsii é registrada na região Sul e Sudeste e está relacionada a casos graves da doença. Rickettsia sp. cepa Mata Atlântica foi identificada no Sul, Sudeste e Nordeste, causando febre maculosa mais branda. Febre maculosa é doença de notificação compulsória ao Ministério da Saúde que promove ações de vigilância epidemiológica e assistência médica com o objetivo de reduzir a morbimortalidade. No entanto, a doença ainda é pouco conhecida. Sabe-se que os carrapatos do gênero Amblyomma atuam como vetores, podendo parasitar hospedeiros silvestres, domésticos e eventualmente o homem. O conhecimento da distribuição geográfica potencial desses vetores torna-se importante nas ações de vigilância epidemiológica. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem os seguintes objetivos: 1) atualizar o perfil epidemiológico da febre maculosa no Brasil; 2) avaliar preditores de evolução fatal por febre maculosa; 3) analisar a distribuição geográfica potencial de carrapatos do Complexo Amblyomma cajennese em cenário atual e futuro sob influência das mudanças climáticas. Na primeira abordagem, verificamos o crescente número de registros da doença nos últimos anos e observamos a expansão espacial da febre maculosa no país com uma ascendente taxa de letalidade. Por meio desses registros, um estudo do tipo caso-controle avaliou fatores preditores de evolução fatal por febre maculosa. Neste, verificou-se que residir em área urbana, relatar a presença de carrapato e apresentar quadro clínico com presença de linfadenopatia são fatores protetores. Enquanto os sinais de gravidade como hipotensão, choque, estupor, coma e convulsão estão associados as maiores chances de morte. Quando analisamos a distribuição geográfica potencial de carrapatos do Complexo Amblyoma cajenennese utilizando a modelagem de nicho ecológico, verificamos que áreas do Cerrado, Amazônia, Pantanal e Mata Atlântica apresentam ampla adequabilidade para manutenção dessas espécies. No entanto, em cenários de mudanças climáticas, verificamos uma tendência de redução dessas áreas (nos anos de 2050 e 2070). Nossos dados indicam que a presença do vetor pode ser restringida (e consequentemente a doença), se considerarmos a não adaptação dos carrapatos aos novos climas. Os métodos empregados neste estudo buscam, de forma complementar, o entendimento epidemiológico da febre maculosa e poderão ser utilizados para predição, prevenção e, consequentemente, para redução da morbimortalidade desta importante doença no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia. Riquetsiose. Doença transmitida por carrapato. Modelagem de nicho ecológico. Amblyomma.
Encefalitis hemorrágica por influenza A H1N1: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ramírez Cristhian , González Manrique Guillermo , Claros Katherin , Cuadros Luisa
Published: January 2018

Las complicaciones neurológicas asociadas a los virus respiratorios (en especial la influenza) son descritas de manera poco frecuente. Particularmente el virus influenza A subtipo H1N1 tiene escasos reportes, la mayoría proviene de niños y adultos jóvenes.
Presentamos el caso del adulto mayor con un cuadro infeccioso respiratorio y múltiples complicaciones sistémicas graves a su cuadro primario, quien durante la estancia hospitalaria presentó un cuadro encefalopático, con características clínicas y radiológicas muy sugestivas de encefalitis hemorrágica debido a su agente primario infeccioso, en este caso influenza A H1N1.
Smoking cessation program among naval diver trainees in the Republic of Singapore Navy
Authors:   Singapore Armed Forces Medical Corps, Singapore, Goh Jake JK
Published: January 2018

Background: Since 2016, the Naval Diving Unit (NDU) of the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) has instituted a smoking cessation trial program for their trainees, instituting a blanket ban on smoking during training hours in order to promote smoking cessation and create a smoke-free culture among its servicemen. For the rest of RSN personnel, they would attend a more costly, established Health Promotion Board (HPB) smoking cessation program, which employs social support strategies, while they undergo basic training in the Navy Military Experts Institute (NMI). Methodology: We examined the outcomes and direct costs of the NDU smoking cessation trial program, compared with the HPB smoking cessation program in NMI. The primary outcome was self-reported smoking cessation at the end of six months. Principal findings: The NDU smoking cessation program led to 50% reduction among smokers with no additional direct costs. It is comparable to a 59% reduction of smokers among trainees in the established HPB program, which costs US$1,955 per course in 2017. The results of both programs are not significantly different (χ2 = 0.34, P-value = 0.56). Neither program’s participants raised any nicotine withdrawal issues throughout. Conclusion: The results of the NDU smoking cessation program suggests that it is not inferior to the established HPB smoking cessation program. More studies should be done to identify factors leading to smoking cessation success among Naval Diver trainees compared to the established program, particularly since the NDU program was less costly and had no engagement with trained counselors.
Geopolitic determinants of the foreign policy positioning of Serbia at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Prorokovic Dusan
Published: January 2018

The foreign policy positioning of the state is a process influenced by at
least three indicators: the geographical position, the structure of the world
political system (character of the current international relations) and
historical experiences. All three of these indicators are related to the
phenomenon of spatial (geographical) distribution of the power of key actors
of international politics, at the regional or global level, today or in the
past. Therefore, we can consider them as geopolitical determinants, In this
article, we will present and analyze the geopolitical determinants that are
related to all three indicators. The article consists of five parts. The
first introductory part is dedicated to explaining what foreign political
positioning means and what foreign policy is. The second part deals with
geopolitical determinants that affect the country's foreign policy. The third
part is devoted to the analysis of geopolitical determinants related to three
indicators of the foreign policy positioning of the Republic of Serbia. The
fourth part describes the current foreign policy of the Republic of Serbia
and compares it with the findings from the third part of the paper. The fifth
part is the final conclusion. The theoretical framework of this research is
neorealism.
From geopolitics towards demopolitics: Serbian foreign policy and demographic trends
Authors: Vukovic Nebojsa
Published: January 2018

In this paper, the author states and proves the hypothesis that negative
demographic trends in the Republic of Serbia, and in Southeast Europe as a
whole, can have a significant influence on the pursuing of the foreign policy
of both Serbia and its neighboring countries. According to the anticipations
of the relevant institutions and individuals-scientists, in the forthcoming
decades, Serbia and other Southeast European countries (except the areas
inhabited by the Albanians, although they themselves have also deeply stepped
into the process of the so-called demographic transition) may expect to face
the continuation of the unfavorable demographic trends - a decrease in the
number of the inhabitants and an increasingly older population. The main
reasons for the stated are the falling rate of natality and migrations of an
economic character of the Western developed countries. Due to that,
differently from the previous historical periods, it may be expected that the
Balkan countries will, for the first time, change their foreign?policy focus
- from managing, acquiring and controlling territories (geopolitics) towards
managing, acquiring and controlling the population (demo politics). In other
words, Serbia and the Balkan countries can, for the first time, be more
focused on their own selves and their most critical
demographic-political-safety aspect - their decreasing number of inhabitants
and increasingly older populations - and less on, historically observed, the
traditional goal - the enlargement and control of the territory. This means
that, with an increasingly smaller and increasingly older population, the
armed conflicts whose basic ambitions would be to change the borders would
gradually become increasingly less socially accepted. The author does not
consider that the territorial integrity ceases to be an important priority
for each one of the Southeast European countries and that geopolitics is
completely losing its significance in the Balkans, but he rather asserts that
the geopolitical goals that would imply changing the borders are losing their
attractiveness in the societies that are rapidly losing their populations.
The only exception in that sense is the Albanian ethnic community, whose
demographic characteristics partly differ from the Balkan and, generally,
European trends. Simultaneously, faced with a decrease in and the aging of
their populations, the Balkan countries could find the common basis for a
coordinated foreign and safety policy and share costs and resources in facing
different safety challenges.
Strategic and security trends and projection of the strategic framework of the security of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Stojanovic Stanislav , Djordjevic Branislav
Published: January 2018

Starting from the indisputable fact that security is the primary interest and
a key prerequisite for the development of contemporary societies,
understanding and assessing current and future trends in the near and distant
environment and their impacts on the security of the Republic of Serbia are
particularly important in defining a framework of its conceptual and
strategic preparedness to protect vital national interests. There are many
factors that are influencing and will continue to influence in a long-term
the security of the Republic of Serbia and its environment. The stronger
contours of multipolar international order and the emergence of new global
participants in world politics, the crisis of the idea of global society and
return of realpolitik patterns in international politics, proximity of energy
- rich but unstable Arab - Persian and the Caspian basin, conflicts in
Ukraine and the Middle East, serious identity crisis and threat to internal
cohesion of the European Union, as well as the migrant crisis, certainly
represent major factors that will affect the political and security processes
in the near and distant environment of the Republic of Serbia. Projection of
security trends and challenges that accompany the process of socialization of
the Balkans, as an area which is still, in terms of security, the most
sensitive part of the European continent, will have a strong reflection on
the definition of long - term commitments of the Republic of Serbia. Problems
in Kosovo, Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as potentially the most
explosive issues of the Balkan security, as well as the complexity of
socio?economic and political context of the societies in the Balkans,
especially their unabated ethnic and religious standoff, complicate the
process of converting the Balkans from the conflicting area to the area of
lasting peace. Also, monitoring of trends in perception and practice of
security, especially regarding the waging of contemporary armed conflicts and
the revolution in military affairs, as well as their long?term projection are
of great importance in defining the strategic framework of security of the
Republic of Serbia, primarily the instruments to protect its security.
Regional position of Serbia in light of foreign policy relations with its “old neighbors”
Authors: Lisanin Mladen
Published: January 2018

Due to turbulent circumstances and controversial heritage in regard to the
breakup of ex-Yugoslavia, regional position of Serbia is, within academic as
well as the wider public, most often observed in the context of its relations
with the ?new? neighbors - the states that have emerged from the breakup of
the former common country. This is in part because of constant tensions in
the relations with ex-Yugoslav states, but also due to the political agenda
of Western actors, which sets the framework for regional integration
processes through the concept of ?Western Balkans?. Foreign policy relations
of Serbia with its ?old? neighbors (most notably, Hungary, Romania and
Bulgaria, given that Albania has a distinct status as a de facto interested
party in the dispute regarding the status of Kosovo and Metohija),
nonetheless, remain at least just as important element of Serbia?s regional
position. It is the author?s intention to point towards determinants of the
foreign policy of Serbia, as factors that work, or are visible, through
relations with Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. This will be observed in the
context of bilateral and multilateral, formal and informal foreign policy
connections and relations. The conclusion, in the form of a recommendation,
is that international political dynamics in the ?Western Balkans? should not
completely avert research attention away from Serbian relations with its
non-Yugoslav neighbors.
Desde los primeros puestos rurales hasta la estancia moderna del sur bonaerense: un recorrido arqueológico
Authors: Bagaloni Vanesa Natalia
Published: January 2018

El avance de la población criolla sobre territorio indígena en el sur bonaerense desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX implicó la emergencia, conformación y consolidación de un nuevo ámbito, el rural. En este trabajo, se discuten a nivel regional y comparativo los resultados del estudio arqueológico de los puestos rurales Las Toscas 3 y Máximo Ortiz y la estancia La Libertad. Dicha discusión se centró en el uso del espacio en las instalaciones rurales referidas, la producción y explotación de animales domésticos, la dieta rural, los hábitos de consumo relacionados con una gran cantidad de artículos y bienes europeos, entre otros aspectos.
PERANAN TINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI DALAM KONSERVASI TRADISIONAL SUMBER AIR
Authors: Juliawati Ni Putu Eka
Published: January 2018

Archaeological remains can be found everywhere. The archaeological remains in Pelaga and Belok Sidan Village, Badung Regency, Bali found in several temples and near water sources. The villagers utilize the water directly from the sources for their daily needs. Therefore, their existences become so important that they need to be conserved. This article aims to know how archaeoloical remains have a role in traditional water sources conservation. Data were collected through observation, interviews and literature study. Then they were analyzed qualitatively. The result was arranged descriptively in a text. The result shows that the variation of the archaeological remains are lingga, lingga/yoni, figurine, stambha, and building components. The archaeological remains have an important role in water sources conservation. They are one of the element of community’s religious system from the past until today, which give positive effects to the water sources conservation. Tinggalan arkeologi bisa ditemukan dimana saja. Tinggalan arkeologi di Desa Pelaga dan Desa Belok Sidan, Kabupaten Badung, Bali ditemukan di beberapa pura dan di sekitar sumber air. Masyarakat memanfaatkan air langsung dari sumbernya untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari sehingga keberadaannya menjadi sangat penting dan perlu dikonservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinggalan arkeologi berperan dalam konservasi tradisional sumber air. Setelah data dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka, kemudian dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif. Hasil analisis dirangkai dalam bentuk teks deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi tinggalan arkeologi yaitu berupa lingga, lingga/yoni, arca, stambha dan komponen bangunan. Tinggalan arkeologi memiliki peran penting dalam konservasi sumber air. Tinggalan arkeologi merupakan salah satu komponen dalam religi masyarakat dari masa lalu hingga saat ini yang memberi dampak positif terhadap konservasi sumber air.
Innovations in pharmacy through pharmacy practice: A call for papers
Authors: Uden Donald
Published: January 2018

Type: Pharmacy Practice
Will a Fixed Price Reimbursement Policy for Statins be Cost-Effective for Turkey's Health Care System?
Authors: Kockaya Guvenc , Wertheimer Albert I.
Published: January 2018

Type: Commentary
The Pharm.D. in Pakistan: A Curricular Innovation in Health Systems Instruction
Authors: Khalid Shaukat , Fazal S
Published: January 2018

The Pharm.D. in Pakistan: A Curricular Innovation in Health Systems Instruction
Quality & Safety in Pharmacy Practice: Book Review
Authors: Uden Donald L. , Schommer Jon C.
Published: January 2018

Type: Book Review
Advancing Pharmacy Practice Through Social Theory
Authors: Rovers John
Published: January 2018

Although there is a substantial role for social theory in explaining patients' health behaviors, it does not appear that pharmacists commonly use such theories to provide patient care. This paper attempts to demonstrate an explicit link between social theory and pharmacy practice. The theory of structure and agency and the practice problem of poor medication adherence (MA) in patients with HIV/AIDS are used as exemplars to illustrate such a link. Factors influencing MA were identified from qualitative studies of adherence in patients with HIV/AIDS. All factors identified were stratified into one of four categories: agency related factors that facilitate MA; agency related factors that are barriers to MA; structural factors that facilitate MA; structural factors that are barriers to MA. Stratifying MA in this manner allows pharmacists to identify clinical interventions that are targeted towards the specific cause of MA problems.

 

Type: Idea Paper
The Need for Transgender Health Content in the Pharmacy Curriculum
Authors: Parkhill Amy L. , Gainsburg Jeanne , Fearing Scott , Mathews Jennifer L.
Published: January 2018

Type: Commentary
Assessing the acceptability of community pharmacy based pharmaceutical care services in Karachi
Authors: Amir Muhammad
Published: January 2018

Provision of pharmaceutical care services in community pharmacies is a new trend in pharmacy practice worldwide. Published literature from developed countries is available showing benefits of pharmaceutical care services provided in community pharmacies. However, relatively little published literature is available from developing countries in which unique market environments are encountered. This study was conducted to assess the acceptability of community pharmacy based pharmaceutical care services in Karachi. Pharmaceutical care services were developed and offered to pharmacy customers for a period of two months. Acceptability was evaluated with respect to enrollment of participants in the program, discontinuation, and complaints registered. The findings provide a better understanding of pharmaceutical care marketing strategies and are discussed within the context of the health care environment in Karachi.

 

Type: Idea Paper
Primary Care Providers' experiences with Pharmaceutical Care-based Medication Therapy Management Services
Authors: Maracle Heather L. , Oliveira Djenane Ramalho de , Brummel Amanda
Published: January 2018

This study explored primary care providers' (PCPs) experiences with the practice of pharmaceutical care-based medication therapy management (MTM). Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six PCPs who have experiences working with MTM pharmacists for at least three years. The first author conducted the interviews that were audio-taped, transcribed, and coded independently. The codes were then harmonized via discussion and consensus with the other authors. Data were analyzed for themes using the hermeneutic-phenomenological method as proposed by Max van Manen. Three men and three women were interviewed. On average, the interviewees have worked with MTM pharmacists for seven years. The six (6) themes uncovered from the interviews included: (1) "MTM is just part of our team approach to the practice of medicine": MTM as an integral part of PCPs' practices; (2) "Frankly it's education for the patient but it's also education for me": MTM services as a source of education; (3) "It's not exactly just the pharmacist that passes out the medicines at the pharmacy": The MTM practitioner is different from the dispensing pharmacist; (4) "So, less reactive, cleaning up the mess, and more proactive and catching things before they become so involved": MTM services as preventative health care efforts; (5)"I think that time is the big thing": MTM pharmacists spend more time with patients; (6) "There's an access piece, there's an availability piece, there's a finance piece": MTM services are underutilized at the clinics. In conclusion, PCPs value having MTM pharmacists as part of their team in ambulatory clinics. MTM pharmacists are considered an important source of education to patients as well as to providers as they are seen as having a unique body of knowledge äóñmedication expertise. All PCPs highly treasure the time and education provided by the MTM pharmacists, their ability to manage and adjust patients' medications, and their capability to address patients' medication experiences. MTM pharmacists are seen as being different from dispensing pharmacists, and PCPs usually highlight that difference to patients as they refer them to MTM services. Lastly, it is apparent that MTM pharmacists struggle to explain what their role is within the healthcare team and they need to find a more effective way to explain the unique value they add to the care of patients.

 

Type: Original Research