bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Order Acceptance and Scheduling Problem with Carbon Emission Reduction and Electricity Tariffs on a Single Machine
Authors: Chen Shih-Hsin , Liou Yeong-Cheng , Chen Yi-Hui , Wang Kun-Ching
Published: September 2019

Order acceptance and scheduling (OAS) problems are realistic for enterprises. They have to select the appropriate orders according to their capacity limitations and profit consideration, and then complete these orders by their due dates or no later than their deadlines. OAS problems have attracted significant attention in supply chain management. However, there is an issue that has not been studied well. To our best knowledge, no prior research examines the carbon emission cost and the time-of-use electricity cost in the OAS problems. The carbon emission during the on-peak hours is lower than the one in mid-peak and off-peak hours. However, the electricity cost during the on-peak hours is higher than the one during mid-peak and off-peak hours when time-of-use electricity (TOU) tariff is used. There is a trade-off between sustainable scheduling and the electricity cost. To calculate the objective value, a carbon tax and carbon dioxide emission factor are included when we evaluate the carbon emission cost. The objective function is to maximize the total revenue of the accepted orders and then subtract the carbon emission cost and the electricity cost under different time intervals on a single machine with sequence-dependent setup times and release date. This research proposes a mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) and a relaxation method of MILP model to solve this problem. It is of importance because the OAS problems are practical in industry. This paper could attract the attention of academic researchers as well as the practitioners.
Responsible for Responsibility? A Study of Digital E-health Startups
Authors: Oftedal Elin Merethe , Foss Lene , Iakovleva Tatiana
Published: September 2019

Responsible innovation (RI) has received increased attention from policymakers and academics as a solution to grand challenges and is viewed as the main driver for innovation. The United Nations has suggested 17 Sustainable Development Goals and responsible innovation can be seen as a tool that allows the movement of society towards reducing inequality, coping with environmental challenges and sustaining countries’ economic and societal development. Our knowledge of how businesses act responsibly in solving these challenges is scarce. An inductive analysis of 14 e-health startups in Norway, shows that responsibility is highly prevalent. Entrepreneurs have instant contact with users (patients or healthcare professionals), which increases inclusiveness, anticipation and reflection as the main elements of responsibility. However, firms’ contextual and strategic awareness of responsibility remains low, which means an absence of focused strategies to exercise responsibility. Consequently, entrepreneurial startups are prevented from reaching broader stakeholders and fully reflecting the knowledge obtained. Moreover, RI activities are often bundled with other activities on the “path” to successful commercialization. This paper contributes to and enriches the current RI understanding from a firm perspective and suggests some implications for practitioners as well as policymakers to enhance sustainable development in the healthcare sector.
Age and Educational Diversification of Hotel Employees and Its Impact on Turnover
Authors: Vetráková Milota , Šimočková Ivana , Pompurová Kristína
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the increasing turnover in the hotel industry, which has a negative influence on the quality of services provided, as well as customer satisfaction. Hotel managers are forced to hire new employees in order to secure smooth hotel operations as well as replace those employees who have left for their competitors. Newly hired employees need to be instructed and trained, which has a negative influence on hotel costs. We assume that both an employee’s age and the level of education determines the quality of their performance at work, as well as their personal stability, thus having an influence on business sustainability. This paper analyzes the age and education diversification of employees in four-star and five-star hotels in Slovakia, and its impact on employee turnover. The research was undertaken in 2019, with a research sample comprising 1085 individuals employed in selected chain and independent hotels. We examined the opinions of employees from different ages and education levels about their retention and changes of employment. Statistical testing confirmed the relation between turnover and the educational level of the employees. However, the correlation between turnover and age was rejected. We analyze the different perceptions of retention and job change of employees from different age groups. The revelation of the causes as to why employees might leave a hotel could help managers change their philosophy and the processes of human resources management in favor of developing a sustainable company.
Hankel Determinants for Univalent Functions Related to the Exponential Function
Authors: Zaprawa Paweł
Published: September 2019

Recently, two classes of univalent functions S e * and K e were introduced and studied. A function f is in S e * if it is analytic in the unit disk, f ( 0 ) = f ′ ( 0 ) − 1 = 0 and z f ′ ( z ) f ( z ) ≺ e z . On the other hand, g ∈ K e if and only if z g ′ ∈ S e * . Both classes are symmetric, or invariant, under rotations. In this paper, we solve a few problems connected with the coefficients of functions in these classes. We find, among other things, the estimates of Hankel determinants: H 2 , 1 , H 2 , 2 , H 3 , 1 . All these estimates improve the known results. Moreover, almost all new bounds are sharp. The main idea used in the paper is based on expressing the discussed functionals depending on the fixed second coefficient of a function in a given class.
LC-MS/MS and LC-UV Determination of Moniliformin by Adding Lanthanide Ions to the Mobile Phase
Authors: Bertuzzi Terenzio , Rastelli Silvia , Mulazzi Annalisa , Pietri Amedeo
Published: September 2019

An innovative chromatographic analysis was developed for the determination of moniliformin (MON). Because of its ionic nature, MON is weakly retained in reversed-phase chromatography and the separation may be tricky. Nevertheless, this technique is normally used either with the formation of ion pairs or employing specific RP columns for polar compounds, or combining anion exchange and hydrophobic interactions. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) was also used, but a non-negligible peak tailing was observed. Besides its ionic nature, MON is a di-ketone and di-ketones, mainly β-di-ketones, can easily form complexes with lanthanide ions. Then, in this work the addition of lanthanide ions to the mobile phase was investigated, aiming at improving peak shape and MON separation. La3+, Tb3+ or Eu3+ aqueous solutions were used as mobile phase and MON was chromatographed using a LC-NH2 column. The probable formation of coordination complexes lanthanide-MON in the HPLC mobile phase allowed to obtain a symmetrical peak shape and a satisfactory chromatographic separation by both mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and UV detection. Finally, a suitable extraction and purification method for MON determination in cereal samples was developed.
Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Reduce Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Spread in Developing Placentas
Authors: Tabata Takako , Petitt Matthew , Fang-Hoover June , Freed Daniel C. , Li Fengsheng , An Zhiqiang , Wang Dai , Fu Tong-Ming , Pereira Lenore
Published: September 2019

Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a leading cause of birth defects worldwide, yet the most effective strategies for preventing virus transmission during pregnancy are unknown. We measured the efficacy of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to HCMV attachment/entry factors glycoprotein B (gB) and the pentameric complex, gH/gL-pUL128–131, in preventing infection and spread of a clinical strain in primary placental cells and explants of developing anchoring villi. A total of 109 explants from five first-trimester placentas were cultured, and infection was analyzed in over 400 cell columns containing ~120,000 cytotrophoblasts (CTBs). mAbs to gB and gH/gL, 3-25 and 3-16, respectively, neutralized infection in stromal fibroblasts and trophoblast progenitor cells. mAbs to pUL128-131 of the pentameric complex, 1-103 and 2-18, neutralized infection of amniotic epithelial cells better than mAbs 3-25 and 3-16 and hyperimmune globulin. Select mAbs neutralized infection of cell column CTBs, with mAb 2-18 most effective, followed by mAb 3-25. Treatment of anchoring villi with mAbs postinfection reduced spread in CTBs and impaired formation of virion assembly compartments, with mAb 2-18 achieving better suppression at lower concentrations. These results predict that antibodies generated by HCMV vaccines or used for passive immunization have the potential to reduce transplacental transmission and congenital disease.
Reduced FXR Target Gene Expression in Copper-Laden Livers of COMMD1-Deficient Dogs
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Chien Hsiaotzu , van Wolferen Monique E. , Kruitwagen Hedwig S. , Oosterhoff Loes A. , Penning Louis C.
Published: September 2019

Wilson’s disease (WD), an autosomal recessive disorder, results in copper accumulation in the liver as a consequence of mutations in the gene ATPase copper transporting beta (ATP7B). The disease is characterized by chronic hepatitis, eventually resulting in liver cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of nuclear receptors (NR) by high hepatic copper levels is an important event in the pathogenesis of liver disease in WD. Intracellular trafficking of ATP7B is mediated by COMMD1 and, in Bedlington terriers, a mutation in the COMMD1 gene results in high hepatic copper levels. Here, we demonstrate a reduced Farnesoid X nuclear receptor (FXR)-activity in liver biopsies of COMMD1-deficient dogs with copper toxicosis, a unique large animal model of WD. FXR-induced target genes, small heterodimer partner (SHP), and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) were down-regulated in liver samples from COMMD1-deficient dogs with hepatic copper accumulation. In contrast, the relative mRNA levels of the two CYP-enzymes (reduced by FXR activity) was similar in both groups. These data are in line with the previously observed reduced FXR activity in livers of ATP7B−/− mice and WD patients. Therefore, these data further corroborate on the importance of the COMMD1-deficient dogs as a large animal model for WD.
Assessment of Water Resources Management Strategy Under Different Evolutionary Optimization Techniques
Authors: Y. Al-Jawad Jafar , M. Kalin Robert
Published: September 2019

Competitive optimization techniques have been developed to address the complexity of integrated water resources management (IWRM) modelling; however, model adaptation due to changing environments is still a challenge. In this paper we employ multi-variable techniques to increase confidence in model-driven decision-making scenarios. Here, water reservoir management was assessed using two evolutionary algorithm (EA) techniques, the epsilon-dominance-driven self-adaptive evolutionary algorithm (ε-DSEA) and the Borg multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA). Many objective scenarios were evaluated to manage flood risk, hydropower generation, water supply, and release sequences over three decades. Computationally, the ε-DSEA’s results are generally reliable, robust, effective and efficient when compared directly with the Borg MOEA but both provide decision support model outputs of value.
A Stochastic Approach for the Analysis of Long Dry Spells with Different Threshold Values in Southern Italy
Authors: Sirangelo Beniamino , Caloiero Tommaso , Coscarelli Roberto , Ferrari Ennio
Published: September 2019

A non-homogeneous Poisson model was proposed to analyze the sequences of dry spells below prefixed thresholds as an upgrade of a stochastic procedure previously used to describe long periods of no rainfall. Its application concerned the daily precipitation series in a 60-year time span at four rain gauges (Calabria, southern Italy), aiming at testing the different behaviors of the dry spells below prefixed thresholds in two paired periods (1951–1980 and 1981–2010). A simulation analysis performed through a Monte Carlo approach assessed the statistical significance of the variation of the mean values of dry spells observed at an annual scale in the two 30-year periods. The results evidenced that the dry spells durations increased passing from the first 30-year period to the second one for all the thresholds analyzed. For instance, for the Cassano station, an increase of about 10% of the maximum dry spell duration was detected for a threshold of 5 mm. Moreover, the return periods evaluated for fixed long dry spells through the synthetic data of the period 1981–2010 were lower than the corresponding ones evaluated with the data generated for the previous 30-year period. Specifically, the difference between the two 30-year periods in terms of the return period of long dry spells occurrence increased with the growing thresholds. As an example, for the Cosenza rain gauge with a threshold of 1 mm, the return period for a dry spell length of 70 days decreased from 20 years (in 1951–1980) to about 10 years (in 1981–2010), while for a threshold of 5 mm, the return period for the dry spell lengths of 120 days decreases from 70 years to about 20 years. These results show a higher probability of the occurrence of long dry spells in the more recent period than in the past.
Analysis of an Ecological Flow Regime during the Ctenopharyngodon Idella Spawning Period Based on Reservoir Operations
Authors: Li Jie , Qin Hui , Pei Shaoqian , Yao Liqiang , Wen Wei , Yi Liang , Zhou Jianzhong , Tang Lingyun
Published: September 2019

The study of fish habitats is important for us to better understand the impact of reservoir construction on river ecosystems. Many habitat models have been developed in the past few decades. In this study, a fuzzy logic-based habitat model, which couples fuzzy inference system, two-dimensional laterally averaged hydrodynamic model, and two-dimensional shallow water hydrodynamic model, is proposed to identify the baseline condition of suitable habitat for fish spawning activities. The proposed model considers the reservoir and the downstream river channel, and explores the comprehensive effects of water temperature, velocity, and water depth on habitat suitability. A real-world case that considers the Ctenopharyngodon idella in the Xuanwei Reservoir of Qingshui River is studied to investigate the effect of in- and outflow of reservoir on fish habitat and the best integrative management measure of the model. There were 64 simulations with different reservoir in- and outflows employed to calculate the weighted usable area and hydraulic habitat suitability. The experimental results show that the ecological flow for Ctenopharyngodon idella spawning can satisfy the basic demand when the reservoir inflow is greater than 60 m3/s and the reservoir outflow is greater than 100 m3/s. The habitat ecological suitability is the best when the reservoir outflow is 120 m3/s. A more reasonable and reliable ecological flow range can be obtained based on the habitat model in this paper, which provides the best scenario for water resources planning and management in the Qingshui River Basin.
An Integrative Framework to Control Nutrient Loss: Insights from Two Hilly Basins in China’s Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Pueppke Steven G. , Zhang Wangshou , Li Hengpeng , Chen Dongqiang , Ou Weixin
Published: September 2019

Rapid economic development and population growth in China’s Yangtze River Delta (YRD) are exerting significant environmental pressure on the region’s land and water, especially in hilly areas where many drinking water reservoirs have been constructed. These areas, which are characterized by steep slopes and thin soils, provide critical services, including flood control, water resource supply, food production, and recreational opportunities for nearby highly developed and heavily populated areas of the delta. We contrast two of these areas—the well-studied Tianmu Lake watershed and the much larger Qiandao Lake watershed. Both face similar challenges from nitrogen and phosphorus pollution due to rapid socio-economic development, but differences in watershed size and distinctions related to political boundaries influence the range of approaches available to maintain water quality. We review experiences of controlling nutrient pollution in these watersheds as case studies, and based on that information, propose an integrated framework to minimize nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in similarly challenged watersheds. The framework, which is designed to be generalizable rather than prescriptive, emphasizes source control, delivery interception, and fate management of nutrients.
Stochastic Model for Drought Forecasting in the Southern Taiwan Basin
Authors: Yeh Hsin-Fu , Hsu Hsin-Li
Published: September 2019

The global rainfall pattern has changed because of climate change, leading to numerous natural hazards, such as drought. Because drought events have led to many disasters globally, it is necessary to create an early warning system. Drought forecasting is an important step toward developing such a system. In this study, we utilized the stochastic, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to predict drought conditions based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) in southern Taiwan. We employed data from 1967 to 2006 to train the model and data from 2007 to 2017 for model validation. The results showed that the coefficients of determination (R2) were over 0.80 at each station, and the root-mean-square error and mean absolute error were sufficiently low, indicating that the ARIMA model is effective and adequate for our stations. Finally, we employed the ARIMA model to forecast future drought conditions from 2019 to 2022. The results yielded relatively low SPI values in southern Taiwan in future summers. In summary, we successfully constructed an ARIMA model to forecast drought. The information in this study can act as a reference for water resource management.
Detecting the Response of Irrigation Water Management to Climate by Remote Sensing Monitoring of Evapotranspiration
Authors: El Ghandour Fatima-Ezzahra , Alfieri Silvia Maria , Houali Youssef , Habib Adnane , Akdim Nadia , Labbassi Kamal , Menenti Massimo
Published: September 2019

This study on a large irrigation scheme in Morocco addressed a two-fold question: (a) does the local water management authority adapt water releases to atmospheric water demand ET0-P? and (b) does crop actual evapotranspiration respond to inter- and intra-annual variability in water releases? We have evaluated the inter-annual variability of ET0-P during the period 1992–2017 and compared its anomalies (i.e., deviations from average) with anomalies in annual water release. Overall, it appeared that anomalies in water release were consistent with anomalies in ET0-P. The actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was estimated using a time series of multi-spectral satellite image data by applying the Surface Energy Balance (SEBAL) algorithm in a dry, wet, and reference year. We have determined the quartiles of the distribution of the ET0-P time series to identify these three years. The dry year was 2015–2016, the wet year was 2014–2015, and the reference (median of ET0-P) was 2013–2014. Finally, we compared seasonal and annual anomalies in ET0-P, ETa and release, Wd of irrigation water. In the period 1992–2017, the relative anomalies in ET0-P and Wd were similar only in 2000–2001 and 2015–2016. The analysis of anomalies in water inflow and stocks confirmed the response in increased Wd following wet years with higher inflow and replenishment of the reservoir. The response of crop water use to the irrigation water supply was evaluated by comparing anomalies in the ratio of actual to maximum ET, i.e., ETa/ETc with anomalies in Wd. As regards the Sidi Bennour, Faregh, and Gharbia districts, the relative anomalies in ETa/ETc and Wd were consistent, i.e., they had the same sign and comparable magnitude. Overall, the study shows that water delivery Wd responds to inter-annual variability in the pre-irrigation season water inflows into the reservoirs, rather than in ET0-P. On the other hand, actual crop water use, i.e., ETa/ETc, does respond to inter- and intra-annual variability in Wd. This evidence suggests that there is scope for adaptive water management based on a flexible adaptation of water release to inter- and intra-annual variability in water demand.
Case Study of HEC-RAS 1D–2D Coupling Simulation: 2002 Baeksan Flood Event in Korea
Authors: Dasallas Lea , Kim Yeonsu , An Hyunuk
Published: September 2019

Recent studies strongly suggest the possibility of more frequent extreme events as a result of the changing climate. These weather extremes, such as excessive rainfall, result in debris flow, river overflow and urban flooding, which can pose a substantial threat to the community. An effective flood model is therefore a crucial tool in flood disaster control and mitigation. A number of flood models have been established in recent years. However, the major challenge in developing effective and accurate flood models is the disadvantage of running multiple models for separate, individual conditions. Among the solutions in recent research is the development of combined 1D–2D flood modeling. Coupled 1D–2D flood modeling allows the channel flows to be represented in 1D and the overbank flow to be modeled in 2D. In order to test the efficiency of the approach, this research aims to assess the capability of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model’s implementation of the combined 1D–2D hydraulic computation in simulating river overflow inundation. For verification, the simulation is applied to the Baeksan river levee breach event in South Korea in 2011. The simulation results show similarities of the observed data and the outputs from widely used flood models. This proves the applicability of the HEC-RAS 1D–2D coupling method as a powerful tool in simulating accurate inundations for flood events.
Preferable Adsorption of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Agricultural Wastewater Using Thermally Modified Zeolite–Diatomite Composite Adsorbent
Authors: Zhang Boyang , Wang Xiaoling , Li Songmin , Liu Yuyang , An Yucheng , Zheng Xiaotong
Published: September 2019

Nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbents are widely used to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution. However, research on adsorbents mainly involves studying chemical adsorption properties, and analyzes of the effects of adsorbent on pollutant removal has not considered the surface morphology of the adsorbent or the surface distribution of pollutants. In this study, we focus on the surface morphology of the adsorbent and the surface distribution of contaminants while examining chemical adsorption properties. The crystal composition of the adsorbent was evaluated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. Kinetic adsorption data and adsorption isotherms demonstrated that thermally modified zeolite exhibits better nitrogen adsorption. The optimal removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by thermally modified zeolite and diatomite occurred at a 3:2 ratio, reaching a removal rate of 92.07% and 84.61%, respectively. The potential adsorption mechanism of a composite adsorbent for nitrogen and phosphorus capture was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy mapping, grey image recognition, and gradient recognition confirmed a relationship between the surface morphology of the adsorbent and the distribution of surface pollutants. The larger the surface of the gradient, the more uneven it is, the more nitrogen and phosphorus sites are adsorbed on the surface, and the more nitrogen and phosphorus are adsorbed. These results suggest that thermally modified zeolite/diatomite can serve as a promising adsorbent for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in practical applications.
PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM DASHBOARD HUMAN RESOURCES UNTUK PEMANTAUAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PT X BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Sari Yustiana
Published: September 2019

X merupakan salah satu perusahaan tambang terbesar di Indonesia. Sebagai perusahaan yang terus berkembang, Departemen Human Resources (HR) pada perushaan tersebut harus dapat mengelola semua informasi karyawan dan bisa memantau kinerja karyawan. HR masih menggunakan Microsoft excel sebagai penyajian informasi secara visual di dalam sistem manajemen kinerja. Hal tersebut akan menjadi suatu kesulitan pada proses pengelolaan informasi dan evaluasi kinerja yang terkait dengan karyawan. Untuk membantu proses rekayasa ulang sistem perusahaan membutuhkan sistem komputerisasi dan terintegrasi yang baik, sehingga informasi dapat disajikan dengan baik ke semua user dan perusahaan mendapatkan informasi yang akurat. Dalam meningkatkan proses pemantauan, memerlukan data dan informasi yang diambil dari seluruh bagian departemen. Penulis membangun sistem dashboard berbasis web dalam penyajian informasi dan untuk pemantauan kinerja karyawan. Dashboard ini digunakan oleh Departemen Human Resources (HRD). Sistem dashboard dibangun menggunakan framework bootstrap. Dengan adanya sistem dashboard human resources berbasis web akan mempermudah dalam menyajikan informasi tentang karyawan.

Keywords : Dashboard, Human Resources, Pemantauan
STABILITY STUDIES OF GRANULES FOR ORAL SUSPENSION CONTAINING GLUCOMANNAN FROM AMORPHOPHALLUS PAEONIIFOLIUS (ARACEAE) IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE
Authors: Nguyen Hong Trang , Nguyen Thị Hoai
Published: September 2019

Background: Our experiment based on the research and the choice optimal fomula containing insoluble component Glucomannan extracted from Amorphophallus paeoniifolius species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of granules for oral suspension containing Glucomannan.

Materials and method: The products were stored in sealed aluminium package at room condition (250C, RH 60% - 75%) for 6 months or at accelerated condition (40 ± 20C, RH 75 ± 5%) for 4 months. After storing, evaluating the physico-chemical characteristics of granules for oral suspension containing Glucomannan such as α – angle, moisture content...

Results: The results showed that the products were stable at the above conditions about appearance, moisture content, dispersion state in 3 minutes, level of phase separation, residue ratio after 24 hours according to the fourth edition of Vietnamese Pharmacopoeia.

Conclusion: Granules for oral suspension containing Glucomannan were stable during research time.

Key words: granule, oral suspension, Glucomannan, stability
Kritički osvrt na poimanje apostolata u djelima Živana Bezića
Authors: Jurić Ivica
Published: September 2019

U radu autor promišlja o apostolatu na temelju pisanih knjiga i članaka Živana Bezića, jednog od najplodnijih pastoralnih teologa u Hrvatskoj u drugoj polovici prošlog stoljeća. U prvom dijelu rada iznosi Bezićevo teološko-pastoralno promišljanje o značenju, povijesnoj upotrebi i temeljima apostolata. U drugom dijelu rada govori o Bezićevoj podjeli, svrsi i područjima apostolata. U trećem dijelu autor se u svjetlu suvremenih dostignuća pastoralne teologije, sa stajališta lateranske škole, kritički osvrće na Bezićevo teološko-pastoralno promišljanje apostolata, na njegovu podjelu te područja i subjekte apostolata. Pastoralni teolog Bezić apostolat promišlja u tradicionalnom duhu i sam pojam apostolata ne upotrebljava jednoznačno u svojim djelima.
OPTIMASI PROFIT PADA PRODUKSI GULA SEMUT FORTIFIKASI VITAMIN A DENGAN TIGA TINGKATAN KUALITAS GRADE DI PT. XYZ
Authors: Hairiyah Nina
Published: September 2019

Optimasi profit pada produksi gula semut fortifikasi vitamin A dengan tiga tingkatan kualitas grade adalah sebuah upaya untuk mendapatkan keuntungan pada kondisi ideal pada proses produksi gula semut fortifikasi vitamin A dengan tiga tingkatan kualitas grade di PT. XYZ. Optimasi profit ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode linier programming. Keuntungan aktual perusahaan selama bulan yang diuji (tahun 2013) yaitu sebesar Rp 2.356.998.626 dan keuntungan perusahaan pada kondisi optimum setelah diolah menggunakan linier programming oleh software POM for Windows 3 adalah Rp 2.978.937.000, yang artinya perusahaan masih dapat menerima keuntungan tambahan sebesar Rp 621.938.374.
PEMBUATAN KARET EBONIT PADA BERBAGAI VARIASI KARET ALAM, KARET RIKLIM, DAN SULFUR UNTUK ISOLATOR PANAS
Authors: Supraptiningsih Supraptiningsih , Herminiwati Herminiwati , Yuniari Arum , Sugihartono Sugihartono , Sholeh Muhammad
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat karet ebonit pada berbagai variasi karet alam, karet riklim, dan sulfur untuk isolator panas. Dilakukan variasi pada jumlah limbah riklim yang digunakan dan jumlah sulfur. Bahan baku adalah bahan karet alam pale crepe dan karet sintetis SBR (styrene butadiene rubber). Pencampuran dilakukan dengan mesin two roll mill, kemudian di tekan dengan mesin hydraulic press. Kondisi pengepresan adalah suhu 150°C, tekanan 170 kgf, dan waktu 120 menit. Pengujian meliputi uji perambatan panas, pengusangan, kekerasan, specific grafity, dan uji morfologi. Kompon terbaik untuk pembuatan isolator adalah kompon yang paling tahan terhadap panas yaitu kompon dengan penggunaan riklim 10 phr dan sulfur 40 phr. Nilai uji transfer panas pada menit ke 180 sebesar 69,05°C. Karet tersebut mempunyai nilai kekerasan sebelum pengusangan 92,27 Shore A, dan setelah pengusangan 93,51 shore A. Nilai specific gravity sebelum dan sesudah pengusangan sama yaitu 1,39.
OPTIMASI PENAMBAHAN MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA KAMBOJA TERHADAP LILIN AROMATERAPI DARI LILIN SARANG LEBAH
Authors: Sandri Dwi , Fatimah Fatimah , Adlhani Erfanur , Erlinda Lisda
Published: September 2019

Aromaterapi adalah salah satu teknik pengobatan atau perawatan menggunakan aroma harum yang terdapat pada minyak atsiri. Minyak atsiri dapat dipadukan dengan lilin sebagai media relaksasi. Lilin yang digunakan dapat diperoleh dari sarang lebah madu. Sejauh ini di daerah Tanah Laut para petani lebah madu tidak memanfaatkan kembali sarang lebah setelah dipanen. Pemanfaatan sarang lebah dapat ditingkatkan lebih lanjut dengan dibuat menjadi lilin lebah aromaterapi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan kondisi optimum penambahan minyak atsiri aroma kamboja serta menganalisis kualitas lilin lebah aromaterapi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan optimasi penambahan minyak atsiri bunga kamboja sebanyak 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%. Berdasarkan pengujian lilin lebah aromaterapi yang terbaik yaitu aromaterapi kamboja dengan penambahan minyak atsiri sebanyak 1%.Kata kunci : aromaterapi, lilin lebah, minyak atsiri, kamboja
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC) DAN AGAR-AGAR SEBAGAI PENGEMULSI PADA PEMBUATAN SOYGHURT BUAH NAGA
Authors: Meirida Meirida , Lestari Ema , Sandri Dwi
Published: September 2019

Kedelai sebagian besar dikonsumsi dalam bentuk olahan dan hanya sebagian kecil yang dikonsumsi secara langsung. Salah satu produk olahan kedelai adalah susu kedelai. Dengan sedikit suplementasi khusus, susu kedelai dapat menggantikan susu sapi secara baik). Keterbatasan dari susu kedelai karena cita rasa yang langu dapat dikurangi melalui proses fermentasi susu kedelai menjadi soyghurt yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah soyghurt. Yoghurt kedelai atau yang lebih dikenal dengan soyghurt biasanya lebih encer dari pada yoghurt dari susu sapi sehingga diperlukan bahan tambahan lain sebagai penstabil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan bahan penstabil CMC dan agar-agar pada pembuatan soyghurt. Pada pembuatan soyghurt ada 2 tahapan yang dilakukan, tahap pertama pembuatan susu kedelai dan tahap kedua pembuatan soyghurt buah naga, kemudian dilakukan pengujian organoleptik, viskositas, pH dan kadar asam. Hasil terbaik pengujian organoleptik untuk hedonik dengan penambahan CMC dan Agar-agar sebanyak 0,06% sedangkan mutu hedonik parameter warna dengan penambahan CMC sebanyak 0,04% dan Agar-agar sebanyak 0,06%,, aroma dengan penambahan CMC 0,06% dan Agar-agar 0,04%, rasa dengan penambahan CMC sebanyak 0,06% dan Agar-agar sebanyak 0,04% dan tekstur dengan penambahan CMC dan Agar-agar sebanyak 0,10%. Uji pH yang telah dilakukan produk yang memenuhi kualitas yoghurt dengan pH 3,8-4,6 adalah pada perlakuan tanpa CMC dan agar-agar dengan nilai 4.57, pada perlakuan susu kedelai dengan agar-agar 0,10% 4,50, 0,06% 4,52, 0,04% 4,50 dan 0,02% 4,57. Sedangkan uji kadar asam semua produk sesuai standarisasi.Kata kunci : Susu kedelai, soyghurt, organoleptik, viskositas, pH dan kadar asam.
Reconstructing ‘dual-defect’ pressure sores in spinal patients
Authors: Shayan Ramin , Hurley Aoife Margaret , Neoh Derek , Flood Dr Stephen , Weymouth Michael
Published: September 2019

Background: Recurrent pressure sores and unstable scars over the bony prominences of the greater trochanter and ischium are a troublesome sequela of spinal injury. A reliable reconstruction is needed for patients with ‘dual-defect’ pressure sores in these locations. We modified the pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap to fit the reconstructive requirements of ‘dual-defect’ pressure sores.Methods: Eleven consecutive patients with concurrent pressure sores (> grade III) or unstable scar in one of the ‘dual-defect’ areas and an active pressure sore in the other were identified from the Victorian state tertiary referral centre for spinal injuries. We describe the technique and clinical experience of pedicled ALT flaps for reconstruction of ‘dual-defect’ pressure sores in this patient cohort. Preoperative status and minor and major postoperative complications were recorded. Results: Eleven consecutive pedicled myocutaneous ALT flaps were performed for reconstruction of ‘dual-defect’ pressure sores. Several key variations in the anatomical landmarks and the intra-operative flap raise technique that are integral to the use of the ALT flap for this application are described herein. The average dimensions of the cutaneous pressure sore defects were 6 x 4.9 cm (greater trochanter) and 8.2 x 6.7 cm (ischial). The average dimensions of the cutaneous paddle of the flaps raised were 27.3 x 8.4 cm. Two postoperative complications necessitated return to theatre but no incidences of flap loss were recorded. Conclusions: The modified pedicled myocutaneous ALT provides a robust reconstructive solution for resurfacing ‘dual-defect’ pressure sores in spinal patients. Further recommendations for future technical adaptations are made.
Epidemiological trends of dermal sarcoma in Australia
Authors: Gibson Edward , Woods Roger , Potter Alexa , Reid Jessica Leigh , Louise Jennie , Farshid Gelareh , Bessen Taryn , Neuhaus Susan
Published: September 2019

Background: Sarcomas comprise a heterogenous group of malignant tumours of mesenchymal origin and can arise in the skin. Definitive management of skin sarcoma usually entails surgical resection with wide margins, often requiring reconstruction. The incidence and demographics of these neoplasms in Australia are poorly understood. Method: Incidence, gender and age distribution data for skin sarcomas for the period 1982–2009 were obtained from the Australian Cancer Database (ACD). Morphology and topographical region coding via the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology third edition (ICD-O-3)1 were used to identify the data.Results: A total of 5453 cases of skin sarcoma in the Australian population were identified over the 28-year period. Anatomically, 1610 cases (29%) occurred on the limbs, 1416 (26%) on the head and neck area, 957 (18%) on the trunk and 1470 (27%) had an unspecified skin origin. Overall incidence was 2.09 per 100,000 population. Males were more commonly affected (70%), most commonly in the 30–49 years and 70+ years age groups. The most common pathological subtypes were fibromatous sarcoma (including dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans), Kaposi’s sarcoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma.Conclusion: The Australian Cancer Database data used to describe the pattern and epidemiological trends for skin sarcoma in Australia demonstrated variation from international trends and highlight the need for further research into the aetiology of these tumours.
Current evidence for outcomes of free-flap reconstruction in factor V Leiden patients
Authors: Yeap Isobel , Ahn Chris , Hoffman Stuart , Gillies Rowan , Vandervord John
Published: September 2019

Background: Factor V Leiden is the most common form of inherited thrombophilic syndrome, affecting five per cent of caucasians. While increased rates of venous thromboembolic complications have been regularly reported in factor V Leiden patients, little is known about their risk of microvascular complications or flap failure rates in free-flap surgery. The aim of this review is to qualitatively review the published literature on outcomes of free-flap surgery in patients with factor V Leiden.
Methods: MEDLINE®, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane were searched from their dates of inception to March 2017. Nine studies of level IV evidence were included in this qualitative review. In total, these studies included 22 patients who underwent 24 free-flap operations.
Results: Nine flap failures were reported due to thrombotic complications. Even heterozygous factor V Leiden patients had a relatively high risk of free-flap failure (3/15 free flaps), and patients who were heterozygous for factor V Leiden and had other coexistent thrombophilias had an even higher failure rate (5/6 free flaps). However, the small sample size across the nine studies, as well as the inevitable publication bias, means that definitive conclusions cannot be drawn.
Conclusion: Despite factor V Leiden being a relatively common condition in Australia, current evidence for outcomes of free-flap reconstruction in this patient population is lacking.
Petrol-related burn injuries presenting to the Victorian Adult Burns Service
Authors: Sreedharan Sadhishaan , Menezes Hana , Cleland Heathe , Goldie Stephen
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Burns fuelled by petrol are a major cause of injury in Australia and New Zealand. The same quality of explosive ignition that makes petrol so valuable as a fuel can cause injuries when handled carelessly or used for a purpose for which it was not intended.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that examined the epidemiology of patients admitted to the Victorian Adult Burns Service (VABS) based at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne. Data were extracted from the VABS Database on patients presenting over a seven-year period, between 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2016. 
Results: During the study period, 378 out of 1927 burns (19.6%) admissions were related to petrol use. Males aged 20 – 29 years were most at risk, contributing to 25.4% of petrol related burn injuries. A large portion of burns, 31.0%, occurred during a leisure activity. The mean total body surface area burnt in this cohort was 19.3% and surgery was required in 70.4% of cases. Petrol related burns injuries is estimated to cost AU$ 5,484,834 annually and had a mortality rate of 7.4%.
Conclusion: Misuse of petrol contributed to a substantial injury burden to Victorians. Raising community awareness through preventive strategies targeted at high-risk groups of at-risk behaviours is warranted to reduce the incidence of petrol related burn injuries.
«И никто перед нами из живых не в долгу!» обзор основных направлений в изучении истории великой отечественной войны.
Authors: Sergei Y.K.
Published: September 2019

В статье анализируется научнопопулярная историческая литература, посвященная Великой Отечественной войне 19411945 гг. и изданная в постсоветский период. Автор пытается установить основные тенденции и особенности современной историографии Второй Мировой Войны и формирования базы первоисточников для современных военнонаучных исследований. Особое внимание уделено выделению наиболее значимых работ, которые основаны на передовых достижениях современных исследований и посвящены конкретным операциям и сражениям, такие, как битвы под Москвой, Сталинградом и Курском. Среди анализируемых работ те исследовательские работы, которые касались наиболее сложных и противоречивых вопросов о войне, к которым ранее относились предвзято или оставляли без внимания. Главным из этих вопросов является феномен коллаборационизма, мотивы, побудившие тысячи советских граждан служить агрессору. Другой такой проблемой является изучение антисоветских воинских формирований, сформированных из добровольцев и призывников СССР это включает в себя историю их формирования, структуру, особенности комплектования и боеприпасов, их службу против Красной Армии и партизан, их взаимодействие с немецкими гражданскими и военными администрациями, а также судьбу их ветеранов после войны.

The article analyzes the academic and popular historic literature, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War of 1941 1945 and published in the PostSoviet period. The author tries to establish the main tendencies and specific traits of contemporary World War II historiography and the formation of the base of primary sources for contemporary military academic research. Special attention is given to singling out the most significant works, which are based on the foremost accomplishments of contemporary research and are dedicated to specific operations and battles, such as the battles of Moscow, Stalingrad and Kursk. Among the works analyzed are those research papers that had to do with the most difficult and controversial questions on the War, which were previously treated with bias or left untouched. A foremost amongst these questions is the phenomenon of collaborationism, the motives that led thousands of Soviet citizen to serve the aggressor. Another such problem is the study of antiSoviet military units, formed from U.S.S.R. volunteers and recruits this includes the story of their formation, structure, specifics of manning and ammunition, their service against the Red Army and partisans, their interaction with German civil and military administrations, as well as the fate of their veterans after the war.
APPLICATION OF CIVIL LAW MECHANISMS AS ONE OF THE PERSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS OF COMPENSATION FOR DAMAGE TO PARTICIPANTS OF FOOD TURNOVER
Authors: Sinitsyna S.V. , Kozubskaya V.I. , Mazhaeva T.V. , Bortsova E.L.
Published: September 2019

We presented an analysis of regulatory documents governing the application of civil law mechanisms in ensuring the quality and safety of food products. An assessment of the property damage to the consumer was made when purchasing non-conforming products, including food fraud in the Russian Federation, the Urals Federal District and the Sverdlovsk Region for certain food groups and their compensation. It was found that property damage to the consumer significantly exceeds the amount of compensation of its moral damage according to the results of the assessment. We determined that the amount of property damage for all participants in the turnover of food products is formed from the costs arising from the circulation of hazardous products, including falsified ones, as well as during the seizure of defective products and in the framework of bringing to administrative responsibility in the form of fines and / or compensation for moral damage. Considering the amount of damage arising from the circulation of low-quality and dangerous food products, the application of civil law mechanisms in the form of compulsory insurance is a promising area, which makes it possible to provide social and economic guarantees for property protection of participants in the turnover.
Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in dehusked and polished pigmented rice varieties
Authors: Jayaraman Rajarajeswari , Yadavalli Chandrasekhar , Singh Vasudeva , Khanum Farhath
Published: September 2019

Present study was conducted to characterise eight red rice varieties in their de-husked and polished form for their phytochemical contents and anti-oxidant activities. Ferulic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, vanillic acid and rutin were identified in their free phenolic extracts. Dehusked rice free phenolics prevented free radical formation, metal chelation ferric to ferrous reduction and also influenced the reducing power. In polished rice, a moderate increase in antioxidant properties was noticed. The methanol extract showed higher phenolic content and anti-oxidant activities compared to extracts made in other solvents. Dehusked form of Kamdhari, Black basumati, Sirsi and Jyothi varieties exhibited higher amount of phytochemical components and antioxidant activities among the varieties. In dehusked form, total carotenoid content was more in Aravadan pillai and GK-4 varieties, whereas ascorbic acid content was high in Karisale, Kamdhari, Black basmati, Sirsi and Kasubai varieties. Thus, the dehusked and polished rice of these varieties with sufficient phenolic contents appear to be more useful as compared to normal rice with respect to their antioxidant properties.
Enhancing floral and habitat diversity for augmenting natural enemies
in rice ecosystem of Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Nalini R , Porpavai S
Published: September 2019

Field experiments on "Enhancing floral and habitat diversity for augmenting natural enemies in Thanjavur rice belt" was conducted during kharif (2017 and 2018) and rabi (2017). In habitat diversified rice crop, the main crop of rice was maintained along with flowering vegetation in field bunds viz., cowpea, green gram, black gram, sunflower, gingelly, bhendi, cluster bean, maize and marigold. Weeds mainly from Umbelliferae, Leguminosae and Compositae that support natural enemies were also maintained adjacent to rice bunds. Non-crop habitat included straw heaps on rice bunds. Daincha was planted in rogue spacing and bird perches installed to encourage both the natural enemies and insectivorous birds. The mean value of insect pest population was about 56 per cent lower in habitat diversified rice crop (7.39 insects /5 sweeps) than that of pure rice crop (16.87 insects /5 sweeps). In the case of mean value of natural enemy population, habitat diversified rice crop (26.74 individuals /5 sweeps) recorded two times higher population than that of pure rice crop (13.40 individuals /5 sweeps). In habitat diversified rice crop the pest-defender ratio was high in all the periods of observation compared to pure rice crop. The mean pest:defender ratio was 1: 3.74 in habitat diversified rice crop as compared to 1: 0.89 in pure rice crop. The mean grain yield recorded was 4.99 t/ha in habitat diversified rice crop as compared to 4.36 t/ha in pure rice crop. In habitat diversified rice crop, the per cent increased grain yield recorded over pure rice crop ranged from 10.43 to 21.18.Crop diversification and non-crop habitats certainly encouraged natural biological control by supplementing food resource and shelter. Over the years complex food web would persist leading to sustainable and ecofriendly insect pest management in rice ecosystem.