bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PUBLIC-PRIVATE LAND SUPPLY PARTNERSHIP: FORMS OF PROVISION AND CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Shashula Liudmyla , Denusenko Irina
Published: December 2019

The forms of public-private partnership in Ukraine, their legislative support and the possibility of applying for land resources are explored. It was found out that concession, cooperation, lease agreement, joint activity and management of immovable property are already used in economic activity and are characterized by insufficient level of legislative provision concerning land resources. Invalidity of service contracts for application in the sphere of land use was found, because they serve as a service.
GAMBARAN KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN GAGAL JANTUNG KONGESTIF YANG MENJALANI RAWAT INAP DI MURNI TEGUH MEMORIAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Hasibuan Muhammad Taufik Daniel
Published: December 2019

Heart failure is still a world problem due to high rates of morbidity, mortality, hospitalization, and disability. Provision of repeated treatments and long treatment can cause psychological disorders that trigger negative emotions such as anxiety. Patients with heart disease who experience psychosocial problems will be slower healing process, heavier physical symptoms experienced and longer healing process illness. This study aims to look at anxiety features in patients with congestive heart failure in a purely unyielding memorial hospital. This research type is quantitative with descriptive design. The sample used in this study amounted to 144 people and the sampling technique using non-random sampling method with accidental sampling. Data collection using HADS-A questionnaire, and data analysis used using frequency distribution and percentage. The results of the study showed that the anxiety level in patients with congestive heart failure was severe category: 53 (36.8%), moderate category: 69 (47.9%), mild category: 22 (15.3%). Provision of nursing intervention is necessary to overcome anxiety disorders, but still need the cooperation between health workers to improve better care for patients with congestive heart failur.

Gagal jantung menjadi permasalahan dunia karena tingginya angka morbiditas, mortalitas, hospitalisasi, dan disabilitas. Pemberian rawatan berulang dan pengobatan yang lama dapat menyebabkan gangguan psikologis yang memicu adanya emosi negatif seperti kecemasan. Pasien dengan penyakit jantung yang mengalami masalah psikososial akan lebih lambat proses penyembuhannya, lebih berat gejala fisik yang dialaminya dan lebih lama proses penyembuhan penyakitnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kecemasan pada pasien gagal jantung kongestif di murni teguh memorial hospital. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan design deskriptif. Sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 144 orang dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode non random sampling dengan accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner HADS-A, serta analisa data yang digunakan memakai distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai kecemasan pada pasien gagal jantung kongestif adalah kategori berat : 53 (36.8%), kategori sedang : 69 (47.9%), kategori ringan : 22 (15.3%). Pemberian intervensi keperawatan sangat diperlukan untuk mengatasi gangguan kecemasan, namun tetap perlu adanya kerjasama antara petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan asuhan yang lebih baik terhadap pasien gagal jantung kongestif.
Ein Monument der Beharrlichkeit : Zur Neuedition von Thomas Manns Romantetralogie ,,Joseph und seine Brüder“*
Authors: HONOLD ALEXANDER
Published: December 2019

Als Thomas Mann Anfang Januar 1943 im kalifor­ni­schen Pacific Palisades den vierten Band seiner Josephs-Romane abschließen konnte, hatte er trotz aller Genugtuung über das Geleistete kein wirklich gutes Gefühl: ,,erregt und traurig“ habe er die letzten
Zeilen an das Schlusskapitel ,,Der gewaltige Zug“ gesetzt. ,,Aber so ist es getan, schlecht und recht“, notiert das Tagebuch. ,,Ich sehe darin weit mehr ein Monument meines Lebens, als ein solches der Kunst und des Gedankens, ein Monument der Beharrlichkeit.“ Es waren
die Tugenden des Fleißes, der Ausdauer und der Unbeugsamkeit, mit welchen der Autor die Fertigstellung seines Großwerkes den Zeitumständen widrigster Art abgetrotzt hatte, in der existentiell wohl wichtigsten Selbst­behauptung seines Künstlertums. Zu Ende gelangte
ein Schreib­unternehmen sondergleichen, das für gut an­dert­halb Jahrzehnte und über den Einschnitt des Exils hinweg die Kräfte des Autors beansprucht hatte. In seinem immensen Zeit- und Textumfang, aber auch im Hinblick auf den mythisch-religiösen Gegenstand
und die eingeschlagene erzählerische Grundhaltung ist der Josephs-Zyklus in Manns Romanschaffen singulär und setzt darin sein eige­nes, maßloses Maß.
Alexander von Humboldts erster Reisebericht : Ein Spiel mit der Anonymität
Authors: CLARK REX
Published: December 2019

Die editorische Arbeit an der ,Berner Ausgabe‘, die im September 2019 in 11 Bänden erscheinen und Alexander von Humboldts nicht in Buchform erschienene Schriften versammeln wird, hat bereits eine Reihe überraschender Ergebnisse gezeitigt.1 Hierzu gehört
auch die Entdeckung von hunderten bisher unbekannter Texte, die in das Humboldt-Corpus neu aufgenommen wurden. Oliver Lubrich hat kürzlich in einer Miszelle einen Überblick über dieses Forschungs- und Editionsprojekt gegeben und über ,,Humboldts allererste und seine
allerletzte Veröffentlichung“ berichtet.2 Dass es mitunter auch Humboldt selbst war, der für editorische Überraschungen sorgte, zeigt der folgende Bericht, der anhand einer eng begrenzten Gruppe von Quellen ein Beispiel dafür gibt, wie durch die
Arbeit mit elektronischen Datenbanken und die Analyse von Handschriften Neufunde verifiziert, zu­geordnet und in die Edition aufgenommen wer­den können.3
Geld. Interdiskursive Ökonomien bei Grimmelshausen (Tagung in Bochum v. 7.–9.6.2018)
Authors: Amslinger Julia , Doliva Lydia
Published: December 2019

Johann Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausens Roman Simplicissimus Teutsch gilt als bedeutend­ster Schelmenroman in deutscher Sprache und als Prä- und Inspirationstext für eine lange Reihe von Büchern, die ebenfalls die Biographie eines ,,reinen Toren“
inszenieren. Leicht ließe sich der Ro­man aber auch anders charakterisieren: Als Geld-Roman. Denn der Lebensgang des Protagonisten verläuft im permanenten Wechsel zwischen zwei ökonomischen Zuständen – dem unerwarteten Reichtum und dem überraschenden Absinken
in die Armut. Kontingente Konjunkturkurven verleihen dem Medium dieser Bewegung – dem Geld – nahezu magische Qualität: ,,Des Gelds wegen erhebt sich Krieg / Gotteslästerung / Mainayd / Mord / Zanck / Hader / Ehebruch / Diebstal / böß Gewissen / Abgötterey
/ schwere Rechts-Händel / und in summa alles Uebel“ (Satyrischer Pilgram). Geld und Gold setzen semiotische Verschiebungen ins Bild; Raubüberfälle, Schatzfunde und Lösegeldforderungen verleihen dem Roman als wichtige Wendepunkte erzählökonomische
Struktur. Das Spiel mit flottierenden Waren, Ressourcen, Menschen und Geld übersteigt und überschreibt den Einzeltext und durchdringt die Sprossgeschichten um Springinsfeld, Martius Secundatus und Courasche. Der dem Zyklus gewährte Kohärenzkredit wird jedoch nachhaltig
durch konkurrierende Autorschaftskonzeptionen irritiert, die damit das simplicianische Erzählen nicht als friedliche Verbindung der Texte untereinander, sondern als Wettbewerb semantisieren.
DIRK NIEFANGER (Hrsg.) Hans Jacob Christoph von Grimmelshausen: Der abentheuerliche Simplicissimus Teutsch und Continuatio, Reclam Verlag, Stuttgart 2017, 978 S.
Authors: Jakob Hans-Joachim
Published: December 2019

Mit der Edition von Grimmelshausens Simplicissimus Teutsch und seiner Continuatio, die der Erlanger Germanist DIRK NIEFANGER erarbeitet hat, liegt nach langer Zeit eine Neuausgabe der Texte vor, die zuletzt innerhalb der Bibliothek deutscher Klassiker (1989; als
Taschenbuch 2005) editorische Aufmerksamkeit erfuhren.1 Niefangers Ausgabe setzt sich aus dem simplicianischen Erstling (S. 5–533), seiner Fortsetzung (S. 535–672) und dem ,,Anhang“ (S. 673–978) zusammen. Der ,,Anhang“ notiert die Spezifika der vorliegenden
Edition (S. 675–680), verzeichnet die Emendationen (S. 680–687), enthält die zahlreichen Erläuterungen zum Text (S. 688–862), Auszüge aus Grimmelshausens Satyrischem Pilgram und dem Simplicissimus-Druck E5 (S. 863–876), ein Literaturverzeichnis
(S. 877–894), eine Einführung (S. 895–961), ein Abbildungsverzeichnis (S. 962) und ein ausführliches Inhaltsverzeichnis (S. 963–977).
Die Grenzobjekte der Literatur : ,,Unveränderlich mobile Elemente“ in einer literaturwissenschaftlichen Netzwerkanalyse
Authors: MAYE HARUN
Published: December 2019

Abstract Der Artikel rekonstruiert den Begriff des ,Grenzobjekts‘, den Susan Leigh Star und James R. Griesemer in einer Studie über die Arbeit in einem zoologischen Forschungsmuseum in Berkeley entwickelt haben, und fragt danach, wie dieses Konzept für eine
literaturwissenschaftliche Netzwerkanalyse fruchtbar gemacht werden kann. Grenzobjekte scheinen vor allem für die Medien-, Sozial- und Wissensgeschichte der Literatur interessant zu sein. Sie ermöglichen eine Neubeschreibung von Institutionen und Organisationen wie Buchhandlugen,
Bibliotheken, Lesegesellschaften, Literaturhäusern und Salons, aber auch von editorischen Großprojekten wie Gesamtausgaben, Werkausgaben, historisch-kritischen Ausgaben und Zeitschriften.The article reconstructs the notion of the Boundary Object developed by Susan Leigh Star
and James R. Griesemer, and asks how this concept can be made fruitful for a literary network analysis. Boundary objects seem to be especially interesting for the media history and social history of literature. They enable a rereading of institutions and organizations such as bookstores, libraries,
reading societies, and salons, but also of major editorial projects.
Werke in Relationen. Netzwerktheoretische Ansätze in der Literaturwissenschaft. Vorwort
Authors: THOMALLA ERIKA , SPOERHASE CARLOS , MARTUS STEFFEN
Published: December 2019

Abstract Das Vorwort zum Themenheft Werke in Relationen. Netzwerktheoretische Ansätze in der Literaturwissenschaft gibt einen Überblick zur Entwicklung der Netzwerkforschung der letzten Jahrzehnte bis hin zu ihrer sogenannten relationalen oder kulturellen
Wende. Relationale Sozialtheorien privilegieren Relationen gegenüber scheinbar stabilen Entitäten wie Subjekten oder Gruppen und fragen danach, durch welche Praktiken, Medien und Semantiken Akteure sich zu Kollektiven verbinden. Der Beitrag diskutiert die Anschlussfähigkeit
dieses Ansatzes an literaturwissenschaftliche Fragestellungen und zeigt beispielhaft seine Potenziale auf.The introduction to the themed volume Werke in Relationen. Netzwerktheoretische Ansätze in der Literatur­wissenschaft provides an overview of the development of social
network analysis beginning in the 1960s and ending with what has been termed the ,,relational“ or ,,cultural turn“ in the 1990s. Relational theories privilege connections between seemingly stable entities such as subjects or groups. They examine how shared practices, media, and
semantics connect actors to collectives. The article discusses the applicability of this approach to research in literary studies and offers examples for its potential deployment.
Autorschaft als Akteur-Netzwerk
Authors: KNAPP LORE
Published: December 2019

Abstract Die Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie (ANT) bietet Perspektiven für die Schreibprozessforschung, indem sie erlaubt, die Arbeit am poetischen Text ganz neu zu rekonstruieren. Sie spricht auch Dingen und Ideen ein Wirkungspotential zu. Eine Darstellung der Wirklichkeit
als Akteur-Netzwerk wirkt sich auf die Konzepte von Autorschaft aus, indem die Schreibwerkzeuge und Schreibsituationen relevant werden. Dieser Aufsatz erklärt zunächst die impulsgebende Verbindung zwischen Schriftsteller und Schreibgerät nach den Regeln der ANT, bevor weitere
Aspekte der Akteur-Netzwerke als wichtig für die Schreibprozessforschung herausgearbeitet werden, nämlich Arbeitserleichterung, Handlungsimpulse und -strukturierung, Prozesshaftigkeit, Wirkungsketten, Flüchtigkeit und Vielfalt der Akteure. Beispiele beziehen sich auf Goethes
Vermeiden der Feder, Zehs Aneinanderreihung immer neuer Dateien, Hilsenraths Schreibmaschine und Handkes Bleistift sowie auf die veränderten Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten von Autorschaft im Internet.The Actor-Network Theory (ANT) offers prospects for research into the writing
process by allowing new ways to reconstruct how poetic texts were written. ANT awards impact potentials to things and ideas. As such they become parts of networks and thus of a reality that is described only in terms of actor networks. This kind of description has an effect on the concepts
of authorship by giving attention to writing tools as well as writing situations. This article first lays the groundwork by explaining a connection of instigation between author and writing instrument according to the rules of ANT, and then points out the relevance of more aspects of actor-networks,
specifically work simplification, stimuli and structuring of actions, processuality, functional chains, fleetingness, and variety of actors. Examples refer to Goethe’s avoidance of the traditional quill, Zeh’s concatenation of files, Hilsenrath’s typewriter and Handke’s
pencil as well as the changed conditions and options of authorship on the Internet.
The Correlation between the Structures of the Nasal Tip on the Ultrasound and the Anthropometry of the Nose in Vietnamese
Authors: Khoa Tran Dang , Van Nguyen Thanh , Tuan Ho Nguyen Anh , Bac Nguyen Duy , Dieu Pham Dang , Phuong Nguyen Thi , Nga Vu Thi
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, there are few types of research held in Vietnam to investigate the anthropometric index of the nose as well as analysis the structure of nasal tip on ultrasound to identify the relationship between these parameters.
AIM: determine the relationship between the height and the width of the nasal tip and the structures constructed these areas by anthropometric and ultrasound measurement.
METHODS: a descriptive study in Thanh Van Hospital from December 2017 to April 2019.
RESULTS: There were 94 women (62.7%), and 56 men (37.3%) and the average age were 33.6 years old. The height and width of the nasal tip are 10.1 mm and 21.7 mm, respectively. Through the ultrasound, the thickness of the adipose tissues is 3 mm. The width of the interdomal fat pad is 6.5 mm and the distance between two tip point is 5.6 mm. There are the relationships between the distance of two tip points and the width of the tip (r = 0.341), and the width of the interdomal fat pad (r = 0.72). There is also the correlation between the width of the nasal tip with the distance of two tip points (r = 0.46) and the height of the tip with the thickness of the interdomal fat pad (r = 1.23).
CONCLUSION: The thickness of the interdomal fat affects the height of the tip, and the distance of two tip points influences the width of the tip.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hyponatremia in Preterm Infants
Authors: Kiem Hao Tran
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Hyponаtremiа is the result of а negаtive sodium bаlаnce cаused by inаdequаte sаlt intаke or excessive sаlt loss due to immаture renаl or intestinаl function in preterm infаnts.
AIM: The аim of our study was to define the incidence of аnd fаctors аffecting its development in preterm newborns.
METHODS: This wаs а retrospective cohort аnаlysis of 126 preterm infаnts born before 36 weeks of gestаtion between June 2016 аnd July 2018 аt Neonаtаl Intensive Cаre Unit of Hue Centrаl Hospitаl, Vietnаm. Hyponаtremiа wаs defined аs а sodium level ≤ 132 mEq/L or 133-135 mEq/L with orаl sodium supplementаtion. We used the serum sodium level to define hyponаtremiа.
RESULTS: There were 37 infаnts who hаd hyponаtremiа, аccounting for 29.4% of the infаnts enrolled in the study. А lower gestаtionаl аge, the presence of respirаtory distress syndrome, the use of furosemide, аnd feeding with breаst milk were significаnt risk fаctors for hyponаtremiа in preterm newborns.
CONCLUSION: Hyponаtremiа occurred аt а relаtively high frequency. This result exemplifies the importаnce of serum sodium monitoring аnd supplementаtion for the correction of hyponаtremiа.
Myeloid and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Cancer – New Insights
Authors: Gulubova Maya , Ivanova Koni Vancho , Hadzhi Mehmed , Chonov Dimitur , Ignatova Maria Magdalena , Ananiev Julian
Published: December 2019

Dendritic cells (DCs) use effective mechanisms to combat antigens and to bring about adaptive immune responses through their ability to stimulate nӓive T cells. At present, four major cell types are categorised as DCs: Classical or conventional (cDCs), Plasmacytoid (pDCs), Langerhans cells (LCs), and monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs). It was suggested that pDCs, CD1c+ DCs and CD141+ DCs in humans are equivalent to mouse pDCs, CD11b+ DCs and CD8α+ DCs, respectively. Human CD141+ DCs compared to mouse CD8α+ DCs have remarkable functional and transcriptomic similarities. Characteristic markers, transcription factors, toll-like receptors, T helpers (Th) polarisation, cytokines, etc. of DCs are discussed in this review. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II antigen presentation, cross-presentation and Th polarisation are defined, and the dual role of DCs in the tumour is discussed. Human DCs are the main immune cells that orchestrate the immune response in the tumour microenvironment.
Reading the "Apocryphon of John" as Genesis fan fiction
Authors: Rosland Kristine Toft
Published: December 2019

This reading of the late antique Coptic apocryphal work the Apocryphon of John (Ap. John) as Bible fan fiction finds that Ap. John uses the same transformative techniques as fan fiction, but that the manner in which these transformations are legitimized depends on the Christian tradition Ap. John is part of. Several strategies for transforming canon are operative in Ap. John. Even when Genesis is subverted in Ap. John, the rewriting of canonical material is legitimized through strategies already established in other biblical texts. In this manner, Ap. John uses canon to subvert canon.
Martyrs, athletes, and transmedia storytelling in late antiquity
Authors: Amsler Monika
Published: December 2019

Fan fiction in antiquity suffers from a lack of certainty regarding what is canon: is what is now considered fan fiction really fan fiction, or is it another contemporary version of the canon? The concept of fan fiction thus ought to be combined with the idea of transmedia storytelling, building on snowball-effect stories. This approach is used in an analysis of how the saints in late antiquity became a characteristic of Christianity. This era used fan fiction–like texts describing saints' life stories; shrines and dedicated basilicas, which allowed distinct communities to gather and celebrate; pilgrimages, which combined adventure and biographical identification with the beloved saint; and pictures, relics, and pilgrim tokens. The Christian world in late antiquity has characteristics reminiscent of the universes created by transmedia storytelling, the aim of which is complete immersion in content.
The making of Ḥanina ben Dosa: Fan fiction in the Babylonian Talmud
Authors: Amsler Monika
Published: December 2019

The Babylonian Talmud provides a series of stories about a certain Ḥanina ben Dosa, the last of the so-called men of deed according to the Mishna. This Ḥanina ben Dosa appears only sparsely in the earlier Palestinian rabbinic works. It seems therefore that the later, more elaborate, and more numerous stories about this character in the Babylonian Talmud represent a case of fan fiction. Using the distinction between canon and fanon, as is common in fan fiction communities, I reconstruct the conventions applied by the canon (Mishna and Tosefta) to the character Ḥanina ben Dosa, as well as the expanded conventions accepted by the fannish community (or interpretive community) represented by the Babylonian Talmud. The fanon used in a story cycle will be tested against an isolated Ḥanina ben Dosa story in a different Talmudic tractate as well as against an extra-Talmudic story. The applied conventions with regard to Ḥanina ben Dosa as adopted in an historiola of an incantation on an Aramaic amulet bowl from Mesopotamia will eventually appear to be the same as those of the Talmud.
"Television 2.0: Viewer and fan engagement with digital TV," by Rhiannon Bury
Authors: Kies Bridget
Published: December 2019

Rhiannon Bury. Television 2.0: Viewer and Fan Engagement with Digital TV. New York: Peter Lang, 2017, paperback, $48 (147p) ISBN 978-1-4331-3852-2.
Meaning making, sacred reading, and political engagement in the "Harry Potter and the Sacred Text" podcast
Authors: Cheshire Cynthia
Published: December 2019

The cohosts of the Harry Potter and the Sacred Text podcast, Vanessa Zoltan and Casper ter Kuile, along with producer Ariana Nedelman, work chapter by chapter through the Harry Potter series, reading each chapter through randomly selected themes and applying sacred textual reading practices to find hidden layers of meaning within the text. This witches' brew of analysis invites their listeners to move from fandom-focused media consumers to promoters of fandom-inspired political engagement.
User Characteristics, Trait vs. State Immersion, and Presence in a First-Person Virtual World
Authors: Ausburn Lynna J. , Martens Jon , Baukal, Jr. Charles E. , Agnew Ina , Dionne Robert , Ausburn Floyd B.
Published: December 2019

Virtual reality and virtual worlds (VWs) are powerful technologies currently helping to define the digital world. These technologies are characterized by user control, immersion, and a sense of presence or “being there.” They have been examined from a variety of theoretical perspectives, technical and user variables, and psychological approaches. The purpose of this study was to extend VW research by relating the roles of user age and gender directly to the VW-critical features of immersion and perceived presence, an approach that has not been widely addressed in previous research. This study used a photo-real, on-screen, first-person VW in which users “enter” and “walk through” a VW via mouse navigation, viewing it through their own eyes rather than through an avatar. It used a quasi-experimental design with 35 adult subjects who reported their age and gender and were tested for perceived immersion and presence in a VW showing a 360-degree city panorama. Data were analyzed using t-tests, chi-squares, Pearson correlations, and interview comments to examine relationships among age and gender, immersion, and presence in the VW. Findings supported conclusions relating to the relevance of age and gender as user variables in VWs and the role of technology characteristics in VWs’ effective use. The study also opened a potential new line of inquiry by raising previously unaddressed questions about the importance of the psychological trait vs. state nature and measurement of immersion and presence in VWs. Suggestions for further research are offered.
The Centrality of Partnership between Local Congregations and Christian Development Organisations in Facilitating Holistic praxis
Authors: Celesi Mawonga P. , Bowers Nadine F.
Published: December 2019

The study conducted in 2017, in the Cape Metropole to explore the nature of partnership between local congregations and Christian Development Organisations, entitled, ‘Enhanced partnership between local congregations and Faith-based Organisations: towards a holistic congregational praxis’ reveal that, there are enough collaboration efforts between these two entities of the church. These efforts revolve around issues, such as spiritual support, volunteerism and discipleship. The view is that, even though elements of partnership such as volunteerism, prayer and discipleship are essential in the journey of development, there is a need for these efforts to be coupled by resources such as finances and expertise. Central to the argument of this paper is the view that says, enhanced partnership between local congregations and Christian Development Organisations has a potential to facilitate holistic congregational praxis. In most cases, these entities of the church are found in the same locality, and therefore need to define how they can together play a bigger and meaningful role in the transformation of their community. Bound by their faith mandate, working together as partners as opposed to competing with each other, they will find strength in each other, and portray good image of the Christian community in society. Guided by partnership ethos of trust, equality and mutual respect, they can both play a leading role in the nation-building project of South Africa.
Leishmania RNA Virus 1 (LRV-1) in Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Isolates from Peru: A Description of Demographic and Clinical Correlates
Authors: Kariyawasam Ruwandi , Lau Rachel , Valencia Braulio M. , Llanos-Cuentas Alejandro , Boggild Andrea K.
Published: December 2019

RNA virus 1-1 (LRV-1-1) is a dsRNA virus identified in isolates of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and thought to advance localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) to mucocutaneous or mucosal leishmaniasis (MCL/ML). We examined the prevalence of LRV-1 and its correlation to phenotypes of American tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by L. (V.) braziliensis from Peru to better understand its epidemiology. Clinical isolates of L. (V.) braziliensis were screened for LRV-1 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and stratified according to the phenotype: LCL (< 4 ulcers in number) MCL/ML; inflammatory ulcers (erythematous, purulent, painful ulcers with or without lymphatic involvement) or multifocal ulcers (≥ 4 in ≥ 2 anatomic sites). Proportionate LRV-1 positivity was compared across phenotypes. Of 78 L. (V.) braziliensis isolates, 26 (54.2%) had an inflammatory phenotype, 22 (28%) had the MCL/ML phenotype, whereas 30 (38.5%) had LCL. Mucocutaneous or mucosal leishmaniasis was found exclusively in adult male enrollees. Leishmania RNA virus 1 positivity by phenotype was as follows: 9/22 (41%) with MCL/ML; 5/26 (19%) with an inflammatory/multifocal cutaneous leishmaniasis phenotype; and 7/30 (23%) with LCL (P = 0.19). Leishmania RNA virus 1 positivity was not associated with age (P = 0.55) or gender (P = 0.49). Relative LRV-1 copy number was greater in those with MCL/ML than those with inflammatory/multifocal CL (P = 0.02). A direct association between LRV-1 status and clinical phenotype was not demonstrated; however, relative LRV-1 copy number was highest in those with MCL/ML. Future analyses to understand the relationship between viral burden and pathogenesis are required to determine if LRV-1 is truly a contributor to the MCL/ML phenotype.
The Effect of Country of Origin, Perceived Quality, And Brand Image on the Purchase Intention of Etude House Cosmetics
Authors: Lie Cindy Lestari , Bernarto Innocentius
Published: December 2019

The many interests of Indonesians for imported cosmetics have invited many foreign companies to enter the Indonesian market, including one of the leading cosmetic brands from South Korea, Etude House. The purpose of this research is to analyse and test the positive effects of country of origin, perceived quality, and brand image on the purchase intention of Etude House cosmetics. Based on the purpose of the research, the proposed hypotheses are: (1) The country of origin of a product affects positively on the purchase intention of a consumer, (2) The perceived quality of a product affects positively on the purchase intention of a consumer, and (3) The brand image of a product affects positively on the purchase intention of a consumer. The sample consists of Etude House consumers in Indonesia who are students of the University of Pelita Harapan, with a total of 146 respondents. The sampling technique used in the research is Convenience sampling method. The statistical analysis is applied by the approach of Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method, with the program SmartPLS. The end result of this research has shown that (1) The country of origin of a product does not affect positively on purchase intention, (2) The perceived quality of a product has a positive and the most significant effect on purchase intention, and (3) The brand image of a product also has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention.
Epidemiological characteristics of a salmonella outbreak among infants in Qatar, 2017
Authors: Al-Dahshan Ayman , Elyamani Rowaida , Naja Sarah , Chehab Mohamad , Nour Mohamed , Elmagboul Emad , Saleh Thoraya , Al-Romaihi Hamad , Farag Elmoubasher
Published: December 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology behind the increased incidence of infant salmonella cases in Qatar during 2017 and identify the possible risk factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using the notification reports of laboratory-confirmed infant salmonella cases received by the Ministry of Public Health during the year 2017. Furthermore, complementary phone interviews with the infants’ mothers using a validated questionnaire were conducted. Results: The infant salmonella attack rate was calculated at approximately 3.23 cases per 1000 infants. Among the 89 confirmed infant salmonella cases, there were more girls (53%) than boys (47%) with a median age of 8 months. The most common type of salmonella species isolated was group B (50.5%). Among the 59 infant cases whose mothers were interviewed, the majority (94.9%) were symptomatic and diarrhea was the main reported symptom (90%), particularly bloody diarrhoea (62%). Regarding their dietary consumption, the majority (69.5%) of the infected infants were formula-fed. Moreover, the majority reported having no pets at home (91.6%) and were not enrolled in a day care center (93.3%). Conclusion: This study revealed a high incidence of salmonella infection among infants in the State of Qatar, which poses a public health concern. Therefore, targeted interventions and health awareness programs are required for outbreak prevention, detection and control.
A Promising Connection of College Journalism Students and Community Engagement
Authors: Chen Tse-Mei
Published: December 2019

This study has explored the community engagement levels of Taiwanese college journalism students who took the community engagement and public journalism courses, as well as examined the way the practices have made an impact on them. The results indicated that taking community-oriented courses increases an interest in the community for the students. It enhances their abilities when participating in civic engagement activities more than their peers. The finding also showed through focusing the reportage on the residents and helping them to form a dialogue field for discussing community public issues, the participating students recognized the feeling that they have earned the trust and respect from the residents, and were able to rebuild their connection with society. Furthermore, the process not only improved the students’ journalism skills so that they were more likely to produce in-depth and meaningful news coverage, but also strengthened their confidence to become a good news practitioner in the future.
Attitudes and Preferences of Advanced Learners Towards Siraiki Dictionaries
Authors: Ayoub Muhammad Tariq , Iqbal Zafar
Published: December 2019

This study investigates the attitudes and preferences of advanced learners of the Siraiki language towards Siraiki dictionaries available in Pakistan. Descriptive in nature, the study is quantitative approach and has employed survey questionnaire as tool of data collection. The main objectives of the study are: a) to identify the attitudes of advanced learners of the Siraiki language towards using a dictionary for learning a language, b) to identify the types of dictionaries that advanced learners of the Siraiki language prefer most and c) to identify the preferences of advanced learners of the Siraiki language towards their dictionaries and to identify their hurdles and problems towards dictionary use. The subjects of this study comprised 230 advanced learners of Siraiki (138 male and 92 female) from 18 to 24 years of age. The number of respondents at graduate level was 212 and 18 at masters’ level respectively. The subjects of the study were selected through purposive sampling technique. This study reported that 58 out of 230 respondents owned dictionaries. Majority of the respondents reported that dictionary use was a time-consuming task. Siraiki dictionaries were found deficient in organizing lexemes in canonical form, provision of collocations and definitions. Most of the respondents used dictionaries for meaning, followed by pronunciation, spelling, grammar, examples and notes on usage notes respectively. All the students were willing on getting training on dictionary use.
Orphaned Fathers in Contemporary French Literature: Writing Child Loss from a Paternal Perspective
Authors: Angelo Adrienne
Published: December 2019

In light of a growing number of trauma narratives about child death authored from a paternal perspective within the scope of contemporary French literature, this article explores the récits de deuil of four lesser-studied orphaned fathers: Alain Thiesse's Elle s'appelait Emma
(2014), Philippe Delaroche's La Gloire d'Inès (2016), Michel Rostain's Le Fils (2011), and Bernard Chambaz's À tombeau ouvert (2016). This article considers the insight these texts provide into a father's experience of surviving his child and what this means
for his altered identity, for his new role in life, and for the ways in which he turns to literature to voice grief. As we reflect on this changed paternal identity as articulated in these examples, we focus on each author's objective(s) in giving sorrow words as well as the choice of literary
modalities of these works. A common thread running throughout these varied examples is the topos of voice: an angry scream and a cry for justice, a belated address, and imagined conversations which traverse the present and the afterlife. We discuss the discursive strategies in these grief
narratives and three separate aspects of narrative construction with which they engage. First, we consider the father's cry and the strategies of citation in the témoignage Elle s'appelait Emma. Second, we survey the implications of life writing and the ethical imperative with
which they coincide in a father's belated address to his deceased daughter in La Gloire d'Inès. Finally, we investigate how modes of fiction restructure and reconceptualize father-son transmission and filiation in Le Fils and À tombeau ouvert. For mothers
and fathers alike, the récit de deuil confronts the paradoxical bind of mourning testimony. The crisis of meaning that losing a child sets in motion impels these fathers to make sense of the unthinkable in the process of writing.
'Il aurait peut-être préféré avoir une autre fille': Paternal Mourning in the Work of Annie Ernaux
Authors: Mhainnín Máire Áine Ní
Published: December 2019

Annie Ernaux discovered, at the age of ten, that her sister, Ginette Marie Thérèse Duchesne, had died of diphtheria in 1938, two years prior to Ernaux's birth. Ernaux relates the circumstances of her sister's death and parents' grief in Une femme and in several
subsequent texts, culminating in L'Autre fille, a letter addressed to her deceased sister. In the latter text, Ernaux poignantly describes her parents' grief and this article examines Ernaux's perception of her father's mourning processes as depicted across a range of texts. The analysis
of Ernaux's writing is informed by Freudian concepts of mourning and grief. According to Freudian theory, when one enters the melancholic stage of grieving, the lost loved one causes a diminishment of the ego. Ginette's death was clearly a profound loss for her father. Ernaux's mother, Blanche,
recalls Alphonse Duchesne's reaction: 'mon mari était fou quand il t'a trouvée morte en rentrant de son travail.' (L'Autre fille, p. 16). It is significant, therefore, to note that Alphonse Duchesne, as described by Ernaux, particularly in La Place and La Honte,
displays many of the behavioural elements which Freud considered melancholic including a decrease in self-regard – as can be seen through many examples in Ernaux's corpus of her father's abasement, humiliation and emasculation. Our reading of Ernaux's texts will be enhanced by Cathy
Caruth's conception of trauma as 'the story of a wound that cries out'. By combining both of these approaches – the melancholia of grief and the trauma of loss – this article engages in a close reading of paternal experience of the death of a child, as related by Ernaux, with a
focus on how this impacts on both the physiological and physical self.
Microbiological Analysis, Cyanide and Moisture Content of Different Garri Samples
Authors: Kalu C. E.
Published: December 2019

Three garri samples from three differents markets in Afikpo North L.G.A of Ebonyi State were collected and the microbial, moisture content and cyanide content of the samples (A, B, C) were assayed to ascertain their quality and safety. The Microbial analysis, the total plate counts were 7.9 x 105 cfu/g, 2.6 x 105 cfu/g, and 1.6 x105 cfu/g in samples A, B and C respectively. On the other hand the fungal counts were 1.6 x105 cfu/g, 0.8 x105 cfu/g and 0.2 x 105 cfu/g in samples A, B and C respectively. Staphylococcus spp was isolated from all the garri samples while streptococcus spp was isolated in samples A and B. However Escherichia coli was isolated only in sample A. The fungi isolated were Aspergillus spp in samples A and B while Penicillium spp was isolated in all samples A, B and C. Cyanide content of the samples were also determined. The values were 0.688 mg/kg, 0.750 mg/kg and 0.630 mg/kg in samples A, B, and C respectively. The moisture content determination of the garria the values of 16%, 14% and 13% in samples A, B, and C respectively. Thus, the microbial counts of the garri samples were within safe limits of the international food standard (<105 cfu/g). The cyanide contents were also within safe limits of the international standard (<IHCH/100 g). Moreover, the absence of food borne pathogens of microbiological safe.
Economic Importance of Weeds: A Review
Authors: Ekwealor K. U. , Echereme C. B. , Ofobeze T. N. , Okereke C. N.
Published: December 2019

Weeds are plants that are unwanted in a given situation and may be harmful, dangerous or economically detrimental. They are responsible for substantial losses of farm production and extensive damage to the environment. Weeds, through competition with other plants, would almost always have deleterious effects on them and can have a lethal effect on livestock through consumption of weeds containing poisonous chemicals in the pasture. Weed invasion has become the most dreaded and deleterious impact of weeds in nature; it adversely affects agriculture, alters the balance of ecological communities, disrupts the natural diversity and interferes in the aesthetic value of the environment. Weeds can interfere in water management, thereby reducing the economic value of water. Weeds, however, besides their deleterious impacts in nature, have many beneficial properties, which include, but not limited to benefits of weeds to companion plants, ethnomedical and ethnopharmaceutical uses of weeds, ethnobotanical uses of wild edible weeds, and the use of weeds as feed for livestock. In the light of myriads of deleterious effects and benefits accompanying weeds, it is suggested that more studies should be carried out on weed control and weed management. Also, further explorations on the potential uses of weeds to man, his environments and livestock should be undertaken.
Gene Expression of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Receptors in Some of the Reproductive Organs of Giant African Land Snail (Archachatina marginata)
Authors: Osunkeye O. J. , Onagbesan O. M. , Abiona J. A. , Jinadu S. O.
Published: December 2019

The role of receptors in the exertion of the hormonal effect on their target cell creates a better understanding of the mechanism of action of hormones. In the snail, Archachatina marginata, there is a dearth of information on the gene expression of FSH and LH receptors. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of exogenous administration of gonadotropin (PMSG) and some sex steroid hormones (Progesterone (P4) and 17β-Oestradiol (E2)) on the levels of gene expression of FSH and LH in some selected reproductive organs of Archachatina marginata. The experiment was laid out in 4x3x2 factorial design in Completely Randomised Design comprising of 432 snails randomly allotted to 24 treatment groups of 18 snails per group of Control, P4, E2 and PMSG at 3 dosage levels (Low-1 µg/ml, Medium-5 µg/ml and High-10 µg/ml for P4 and E2; and Low-1 IU/ml, Medium-10 IU/ml and High-20 IU/ml for PMSG) at 2 durations of injections (16-days of four injections and 32-days of eight injections). The gel viewed under the ultra-violet light source showed that the expression of LHR receptor did not appear in all the organs considered. However, FSHR receptor was noted in their appearance in the albumen gland, little hermaphrodite duct, common hermaphrodite duct and vagina of A. marginata. Administration of E2 of 5 µg/ml for 16 days and 32 days increase the gene expression of FSH receptors in the common hermaphrodite duct and vagina of A. marginata respectively. Also, injections of 5 µg/ml of P4 for 16 days gave a relative increase in the levels of expression of FSH receptors in the little hermaphrodite duct, while the highest level was on the albumen of snails injected with 1 µg/ml of E2 for 32-days of eight injections. Injection of 5 µl/ml of P4 for 16-days of four injections, 5 µl/ml of E2 for 32-days of eight injections, 5 µl/ml of E2 for 16-days of four injections, 1 µl/ml of E2 of 32-days of eight injections increased the gene expression of FSH in the little hermaphrodite duct, vagina, common hermaphrodite duct and albumen respectively. Therefore, it is informed here that administration of P4, E2 and PMSG exogenously to A. marginata of reproductive age induces an increase in the levels of gene expression of FSH receptors.
Exact Steady Solutions for the Two Dimensional Broadwell Model
Authors: D'Almeida Amah Séna , Agosseme Kokou Anani
Published: December 2019

Existence and boundedness of the solutions of the boundary value problem for the four velocity two dimensional Broadwell model for bounded boundary conditions is proved and exact analytic solutions are built. An application to the determination of the accommodation coefficients on the boundaries of a flow in a box is performed.
Factors Affecting Levels of Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among Adult Patient Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia: Using Cumulative Logit Model
Authors: Hussen Hebo Sultan , Tolosie Gergiso Kabtamu , Abiso Erango Markos
Published: December 2019

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is essential to reduce the multiplication of the virus and improve disease outcomes. The studies have reported a range of factors influencing antiretroviral therapy adherence at various levels. Almost all studies were modeling the factors based on binary categorization of the adherence.

Objective: This study intended to determine the adherence level and its associated factors to antiretroviral therapy among adult people living with human immunodeficiency virus.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that employed among 391 adult patients that were selected by simple random sampling. The cumulative Logit model was used to examine the associations between the outcome of antiretroviral therapy adherence and independent variables.

Results: The study participants with good level of antiretroviral therapy adherence (67.77%) were approximately four times higher than study participants with fair (17.39%) and good (14.83%) adherence levels. As the duration on ART changed from ≤12 months to >12 months, the odds of high adherence/less adherence increased with approximately 61% (p = 0.0347) across the full scale of adherence levels. The estimated odds of patients with a CD4 ≥ 200cells/mm3 was 1.65 (p = 0.0279) times toward poor level of antiretroviral therapy adherence than the estimated odds of patients with CD4 < 200cells/mm3. Study participants who have single marital status tending to have more poor level of adherence to antiretroviral therapy than patients with married marital status (p = 0.0003).

Conclusion: Levels of adherence to the antiretroviral therapy is significantly determined by the duration on antiretroviral therapy, the number of CD4 counts, the types of initial antiretroviral therapy regimens and the marital status of adult people living with HIV/AIDS.
Inhibition of MGAT2 modulates fat‐induced gut peptide release and fat intake in normal mice and ameliorates obesity and diabetes in ob/ob mice fed on a high‐fat diet
Authors: Mochida Taisuke , Take Kazumi , Maki Toshiyuki , Nakakariya Masanori , Adachi Ryutaro , Sato Kenjiro , Kitazaki Tomoyuki , Takekawa Shiro
Published: December 2019

Monoacylglycerol O‐acyltransferase 2 (MGAT2) is one of the key enzymes responsible for triglyceride (TG) re‐synthesis in the small intestine. We have previously demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of MGAT2 has beneficial effects on obesity and metabolic disorders in mice. Here, we further investigate the effects of MGAT2 inhibition on (a) fat‐induced gut peptide release and fat intake in normal mice and (b) metabolic disorders in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed ob/ob mice, a model of severe obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, using an orally bioavailable MGAT2 inhibitor Compound B (CpdB). CpdB inhibited elevation of plasma TG in mice challenged with an oil‐supplemented liquid meal. Oil challenge stimulated the secretion of two gut anorectic hormones (peptide tyrosine–tyrosine and glucagon‐like peptide‐1) into the bloodstream, and these responses were augmented in mice pretreated with CpdB. In a two‐choice test using an HFD and a low‐fat diet, CpdB selectively inhibited intake of the HFD in normal mice. Administration of CpdB to HFD‐fed ob/ob mice for 5 weeks suppressed food intake and body weight gain and inhibited elevation of glycated hemoglobin. These results indicate that pharmacological MGAT2 inhibition modulates fat‐induced gut peptide release and fat intake in normal mice and improves obesity and diabetes in HFD‐fed ob/ob mice and thus may have potential for development into a treatment of obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
A Review of Research on Seismic Metamaterials
Authors: Mu Di , Shu Haisheng , Zhao Lei , An Shuowei
Published: December 2019

In recent years, elastic metamaterials inspired from electromagnetic metamaterials have been used to protect buildings during earthquakes, and their effectiveness in seismic wave attenuation has been verified by experiments on the geophysical scale. The development of seismic metamaterials however provides a new approach to seismic engineering. Herein the research progress of seismic metamaterials in terms of geometry, physics, and application is introduced. Low frequency and wide bandgap are the two main areas of interest for seismic metamaterials. Then, the parts of elastic metamaterials which are adapted to the two characteristics of seismic waves and do not attract much attention are addressed. Finally, the problems existing in the current research are summarized, and future research prospects are provided, to improve the research framework of seismic metamaterials and provide effective solutions for seismic engineering.