bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of social and environmental disasters in western Paraná between 2010 and 2020
Authors: Gonzalez Aline Costa , Carniatto Irene , Pereira Vilmar Alves
Published: February 2024

Abstract The objectives of this research are to analyze: a) disaster records in the SISDC/PR system; b) the number of people affected and the inventory of financial damages, in the period from 2010 to 2020, in three of the main municipalities in the western mesoregion of Paraná. The research was carried out through data collection and documentary study, which identified 20 different types of disasters, between natural and technological. Of these, the most frequent were windstorms, floods, and hail. The economic losses were around BRL 372,046,631.73 and, concomitantly, 1,359,599 people suffered from the impacts of these disasters. From these records, risk and disaster management actions can be pointed out to increase the adaptive capacity of these municipalities to climate change and consequently reduce risks and disasters.
Community Vegetable Gardens in Teresina: connected lives in urban environments
Authors: Soares Tiago Luís da Silva , Mazzarino Jane Márcia
Published: February 2024

Abstract Thinking of urban gardens as an alternative for socio-environmental development in large cities leads to questioning which aspects of people’s lives are most significantly affected by activities in urban vegetable gardens in Teresina/Piauí. The objective of the article is to analyze how the social institutional, economic, and productive aspects are dynamized in the experiences of the gardeners inserted in the Community Gardens Project in Teresina. The research is exploratory and qualitative, based on a bibliographical, documental, and field study. 12 vegetable gardeners were interviewed in depth. Data treatment was based on textual analysis. As some of the results, it was evident that the gardens favor social ties and the expansion of income, as well as entrepreneurship, but even with the support of the city hall, there is a need for greater access to equipment and infrastructure elements, such as water and toilets, as well as training.
Convivencialidade e sustentabilidade: estudos de caso sobre a governança de recursos naturais no Brasil
Authors: Juliano Tiago , Fassina Caroline Malagutti , Silva Cristina Isis Buck , Andrade Francisco Alcicley Vasconcelos , Leão Neto Edson Pereira de Souza
Published: February 2024

Resumo A natureza multiescalar da crise ambiental aglutina mecanismos científicos e políticos que convergem para um eixo discursivo comum: a sustentabilidade. Esse texto contrapõe sentidos vernáculos e modernos do comum, sugerindo retomar a convivencialidade como contraponto aos dilemas colocados por processos de hipermercantilização da natureza. Com base em trabalhos de campo, são descritos parâmetros de governança na produção de meliponíneos e da pesca manejada do pirarucu (Arapaima spp.) na região amazônica e do extrativismo do palmito juçara (Euterpe edulis) em porções da Mata Atlântica. Explorando comparativamente particularidades na governança desses recursos, objetiva-se evidenciar possibilidades e limitações à convivencialidade em seu regime de uso. Nos casos estudados, constata-se que a perspectiva convivencial tende a se limitar ao cooperativismo produtivista e conclui-se que retomada do sentido comunal como princípio de ação política pode oferecer horizontes mais amplos para a sustentabilidade dos regimes de governança.
Educação ambiental na rede pública de ensino do oeste do Paraná
Authors: Sanchez Anna Carolina Espósito , Iared Valéria Ghisloti
Published: February 2024

Resumo O estudo analisou a inserção da educação ambiental nas escolas estaduais do Paraná, situadas no Núcleo Regional de Toledo. Aplicou-se uma matriz de indicadores, composta por quatro dimensões (Gestão Democrática e Participativa, Currículo, Espaço Físico e Comunidade) em 59 escolas, correspondendo a 64,13% das instituições cadastradas. Os resultados indicaram que as escolas relatam o desenvolvimento de ações em educação ambiental. No entanto, os recursos financeiros e humanos destinados a este campo e a aproximação das escolas com as comunidades do entorno apresentaram fragilidade. O instrumento utilizado permitiu traçar um panorama de como as escolas percebem e atuam com educação ambiental. Todavia, estudos mais amplos são necessários para compreender a inserção da educação ambiental na área de estudo de forma mais aprofundada.
Environmental education in the public teaching network in western Paraná State
Authors: Sanchez Anna Carolina Espósito , Iared Valéria Ghisloti
Published: February 2024

Abstract The present study is an analysis of the environmental education insertion in state schools, in Toledo regional Center. A matrix of indicators comprising four dimensions (Democratic and Participatory Management, Discipline Matrix, Physical Space and Community) were applied in 59 schools; it corresponds to 64.13% of the registered institutions. Results have shown that schools report to develop actions in environmental education. However, financial and human resources destined to this field, as well as schools’ proximity to surrounding communities, are weak. The herein used instrument provided an overview of how schools perceive, and act in, environmental education. However, broader studies remain essential to help better understanding environmental education insertion in this study field, in a deeper way.
Políticas públicas para a implementação dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável em Itabaiana, Sergipe
Authors: Ferreira Mateus Matos , Henrique Victor Hugo Oliveira , Barbosa Anézia Maria Fonsêca , Mendonça Deise Maria Furtado de , Meiado Marcos Vinicius
Published: February 2024

Resumo O cenário atual de crise evidencia a necessidade de iniciativas que minimizem problemas ambientais da sociedade, alinhando ações desenvolvidas pelos diferentes atores sociais. A Agenda 2030 contempla 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) que permeiam a esfera do crescimento econômico, desenvolvimento social e preservação ambiental. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar as políticas públicas que assegurem a implementação dos ODS em Itabaiana, identificando áreas priorizadas. Foram analisadas ações publicadas no Diário Oficial, de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2020. Foram encontradas 147 ações citadas e 38,64% dessas ações envolveram mais de três ODS. Esses resultados demonstram o caráter interdisciplinar da Agenda 2030, que possibilita o envolvimento de diferentes setores do poder público em prol de seus objetivos. Conclui-se que a Agenda 2030 pode fornecer um diagnóstico que auxilie na inserção e territorialização dos ODS no âmbito municipal.
Communication between parents diagnosed with cancer and their children: study with data triangulation
Authors: Silva Estela Ferreira da , Matsubara Maria das Graças Silva , Soares Mariângela Abate De Lara , Mazzaia Maria Cristina , De Domenico Edvane Birelo Lopes
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the perceptions and feelings of parents diagnosed with cancer in relation to communication with their children between 3 and 12 years old. Method: A cross-sectional, multicenter, with data triangulation, through structured and semi-structured interviews, with a question with a Semantic Differential Scale, carried out with the father or mother with cancer undergoing outpatient treatment in two hospital institutions in the city of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, content analysis, using the ATLAS.ti 8.0R software and the Social Representation Theory. Results: Forty-three respondents participated, 37 (86.0%) were female, 23 (53.5%) aged between 31 and 50 years old, 29 (67.5%) with only children between 7 and 12 years old. The experience was considered painful (73.1%), stressful (53.6%), clear (53.7%) and safe (51.2%). The feelings experienced generated two categories: Trial by fire; and Grateful rewards. Children’s reactions from parents’ perspective generated the categories: Sadness and suffering; Trust and support; Change of behavior; and Denial or insensitivity. Conclusion: Communication was assessed as negative and conflicting, positive and welcoming, and causing changes in children’s behaviors.
CASOS DE ENSINO COMO POSSIBILIDADES DE MEDIAÇÃO NA PRÁTICA DOCENTE DE PROFESSORES INICIANTES
Authors: Gouveia Ray-lla Walleska Santos Ferreira , Franco Maria Joselma do Nascimento , Rocha Simone Albuquerque da , Domingues Isa Mara Colombo Scarlati
Published: February 2024

Resumo Este artigo resulta de pesquisa sobre casos de ensino como mediação na formação de professores. O estudo deu-se com quatro professores iniciantes em seu primeiro ano de atuação nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, em um município do interior de Pernambuco. Investigou-se a possibilidade do uso de casos de ensino como estratégias formativas de mediação para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores iniciantes. Os dados foram coletados por casos de ensino e grupos de discussão, em uma rede coletiva de reflexões sobre os desafios e necessidades formativas. Os resultados apontaram que os casos de ensino contribuíram sobremaneira como mediação para os professores perceberem como constroem seus conhecimentos, em que as reflexões coletivas constituíram estratégia de formação.
ARTIGO-PARECER: DE QUE CIDADANIA ESTAMOS FALANDO? UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA DAS PESQUISAS EM EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS COM PERSPECTIVA DE FORMAÇÃO PARA CIDADANIA
Authors: Carnio Michel Pisa
Published: February 2024

RESUMO: O presente texto visa sistematizar algumas contribuições materialistas e dialéticas para pensarmos a categoria “cidadania” na educação científica sob uma perspectiva emancipatória. Trata-se de um artigo-parecer que possibilita uma continuidade com as reflexões contidas no artigo de Rosa, Lima e Cavalcanti (2023) intitulado “De que cidadania estamos falando? Uma revisão da literatura das pesquisas em educação em ciências com perspectiva de formação para a cidadania”. A partir de mobilização de pensamentos da sociologia, filosofia e psicanálise, elegemos quatro tópicos como contribuições às noções de cidadania e emancipação na educação em ciências: a cidadania como slogan que precisa ser problematizado, a natureza ideológica do Estado de direito democrático, um olhar crítico em relação aos horizontes democráticos e caminhos para a emancipação humana no contexto da educação científica. Trata-se de um convite à educação científica para discutir as bases da nossa sociedade atual e vislumbrar novas formas de socialização e civilização.
AUTORREGULAÇÃO ACADÊMICA COMO UM ELEMENTO IMPORTANTE DA INTENÇÃO DE PERSISTIR: UM ESTUDO EMPÍRICO COM ESTUDANTES DE GRADUAÇÃO EM FÍSICA
Authors: Franco Bianca Vasconcelos do Evangelho , Espinosa Tobias , Heidemann Leonardo Albuquerque
Published: February 2024

RESUMO: Indivíduos proativos buscam conscientemente desenvolver autoconhecimento sobre suas ações e comportamentos para atingir seus objetivos. Quando eles melhoram suas habilidades autorregulatórias, aumentam sua motivação para aprender e persistir na graduação. A motivação é um elemento essencial no processo de aprendizagem, influenciando a decisão do aluno de persistir ou evadir. Além disso, crenças de autoeficácia, senso de pertencimento e percepção da relevância curricular também afetam essa decisão, sendo considerados preditores da persistência estudantil. Com base nos modelos de Zimmerman, Rosário e Tinto, investigamos a autorregulação acadêmica e sua relação com a intenção de persistência e demais construtos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário on-line, composto por questões afirmativas sobre i. a adoção de comportamentos autorregulatórios; ii. as crenças de autoeficácia para autorregulação e para aprender Física; e iii. o senso de pertencimento, percepção da relevância curricular e intenção de persistência. O questionário foi aplicado a 140 estudantes de cursos de Física, dos quais 76 se identificaram como homens e 64 como mulheres, com idades variando entre 17 e 58 anos. Os dados forma analisados por meio de análises descritivas, análise de correlação e de regressão linear. Os resultados mostram que os estudantes tendem a adotar com maior frequência comportamentos autorregulatórios relacionados à fase de avaliação do que de planejamento. Também identificamos correlações significativas entre a intenção de persistência e os demais construtos.
SIMPLESMENTE MÃES: CONSTRUÇÃO COMPARTILHADA DE TECNOLOGIAS SOBRE PRÉ-NATAL DE MULHERES COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL
Authors: Carvalho Geovana de Jesus Ferreira de , Tavares Jheise Sandy da Cruz , Silva Nayara Costa Modesto da , Nascimento Marcia Helena Machado , Teixeira Elizabeth , Araujo Sílvia Teresa Carvalho de , Costa Fernanda de Nazaré Almeida
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Desenvolver tecnologias educacionais sobre pré-natal com e para mulheres deficientes visuais. Método: Estudo metodológico com interface participativa e abordagem qualitativa. Realizado em uma Unidade Técnica Especializada no município de Belém, Pará, Brasil. A produção de dados ocorreu entre agosto e setembro de 2021 com seis mulheres. Utilizou-se o DOSVOX como recurso de comunicação para que as participantes respondessem quatro instrumentos com vistas ao desenvolvimento das tecnologias. A análise foi de conteúdo temático. Resultados: As mulheres com deficiência visual querem respeito à sua autonomia, inclusão e informação dos profissionais. As tecnologias produzidas apontam as demandas específicas de mulheres com deficiência visual e a importância de preservar a autonomia durante a realização do pré-natal. Conclusão: Tecnologias produzidas de forma participativa apontam perspectivas e necessidades específicas das mulheres sobre o pré-natal e poderão subsidiar tanto o agir dos enfermeiros nas consultas como favorecer mulheres com deficiência visual durante o pré-natal.
PSYCHOSOCIAL REPERCUSSIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC FOR MOTHERS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Authors: Teixeira Olga Feitosa Braga , Rocha Fabiana Lucena , Silva José Wagner Martins da , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula , Miranda Karla Corrêa Lima
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the psychosocial repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic for mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Method: a qualitative study, with participation of 22 mothers. The data were collected from May to July 2022 in the inland of Paraíba, Brazil, through the Dynamics of Creativity and Sensitivity. The analysis took place through the theoretical-analytical framework of French discourse analysis. Results: fear, anxiety, anguish and concerns assumed a central place in the mothers’ dialogical movement. Faced with the demands and reconfigurations in the routine, there was physical, emotional and psychological overload, with repercussions on maternal life. Loneliness can be seen in the weak or non-existent support network during the pandemic. Conclusion: the study can support reflection on the repercussions of the pandemic on the lives of mothers of children with autism and enable the development of actions that prioritize mental health, helping them to overcome moments of adversity.
REPERCUSIONES PSICOSOCIALES DE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 EN LAS MADRES DE NIÑOS CON TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Teixeira Olga Feitosa Braga , Rocha Fabiana Lucena , Silva José Wagner Martins da , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula , Miranda Karla Corrêa Lima
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las repercusiones psicosociales de la pandemia de COVID-19 en las madres de niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista. Método: estudio cualitativo, con la participación de 22 madres. Los datos fueron recolectados de mayo a julio de 2022, en el interior de Paraíba, Brasil, mediante una Dinámica de Creatividad y Sensibilidad. El análisis se realizó siguiendo el marco teórico-analítico del análisis del discurso francés. Resultados: el miedo, la ansiedad, la angustia y las preocupaciones ocuparon un lugar central en el movimiento dialógico de las madres. Ante las exigencias y reconfiguraciones de la rutina, las madres sufrieron una sobrecarga física, emocional y psicológica que afectó su vida. La soledad se puede ver en la débil o nula red de apoyo que tuvieron durante la pandemia. Conclusión: el estudio puede contribuir a la reflexión sobre las repercusiones de la pandemia en la vida de las madres de niños con autismo y posibilitar el desarrollo de acciones que prioricen la salud mental que las ayuden a superar momentos de adversidad.
THE CARE OF OBESE ADOLESCENTS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: PERSPECTIVES OF MANAGERS AND PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Oliveira Vinícius Rodrigues de , Oliveira Jonas Sâmi Albuquerque de , Xavier Bárbara Letícia de Queiroz , Morais Jéssica Baracho de Souza , Araújo Juliana Iscarlaty Freire de , Soares Amanda , Freitas Claudia Helena Soares de Morais
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe and explore, from the perspective of managers and health professionals, the care offered to adolescents with obesity in the context of Primary Health Care. Method: A case study conducted in a municipality in the state of Ceará-Brazil. Data collection took place in 2022 through semi-structured interviews. The data were examined using Bardin Content Analysis. Results: The care of obese adolescents is fragmented, and each professional acts according to their own decision, as the municipality does not use protocols that subsidize the practice of care. Potentials for care were listed, the main one being the multidisciplinary team. Regarding the difficulties, the adolescent’s demand for health services was highlighted. Conclusion: It is necessary to (re) organize the care model for obese adolescents in the municipality. In addition, the study highlights the need for greater attention to adolescent obesity and causes reflections on the care provided to this adolescent.
EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NA EMILIA-ROMAGNA, ITÁLIA: PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL E DESAFIOS NA GARANTIA DO DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Correia Maria Aparecida Antero , Pinto José Marcelino de Rezende
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa de doutorado sobre a educação da criança pequena na região da Emilia-Romagna, Itália, que, além de progressistas práticas pedagógicas, desenvolve políticas públicas que sustentam seu sistema de educação de 0 a 6 anos. Com o aporte teórico do materialismo histórico-dialético, a pesquisa é um estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa com análise documental. Também foi realizado trabalho de campo de dez meses na Itália. Concluiu-se que a luta social e as administrações de esquerda foram importantes para os avanços da educação infantil na região, mas a não garantia do direito, do dever do Estado e da gratuidade no atendimento na faixa de 0 a 3 anos impede o acesso de todas as crianças à educação, sendo o principal desafio a ser superado pelo poder público.
COMPORTAMENTO ECOEMPREENDEDOR NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO
Authors: Prado Nágela Bianca do , Moraes Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de , Pinto Karen Esteves Fernandes , Voda Ana Iolanda , Synodinos Costa
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Este estudo explora o comportamento ecoempreendedor no contexto da Covid-19, analisando a influência da obrigação moral e do engajamento ambiental na percepção de empatia, autoeficácia ecoempreendedora e criação de valor ambiental. Dados primários foram coletados de 130 participantes do Projeto Conexão Mata Atlântica. A análise dos dados foi realizada usando o PLS-SEM. Seis das oito hipóteses de pesquisa foram suportadas. O estudo confirmou que a percepção de empatia e autoeficácia é influenciada por níveis mais elevados de obrigação moral. Os resultados indicam que os ecoempreendedores mais engajados com o meio ambiente têm níveis mais altos de autoeficácia e criação de valor ambiental. Foi contrariada a premissa de que um sentimento de moralidade poderia impactar positivamente a criação de valor ambiental decorrente do negócio. A hipótese de que o engajamento ambiental influencia positivamente a empatia ecoempreendedora não foi confirmada. Os resultados demonstram a complexidade das relações entre as variáveis que medem o comportamento ecoempreendedor e a necessidade de explorar esses determinantes de características-chave. Assim, a pesquisa representa um avanço na temática do ecoempreendedorismo, abrindo-se uma nova direção para invetigações ao testar o poder explicativo de variáveis até então não testadas. Ela também oferece percepções práticas para formuladores de políticas e educadores envolvidos com o ecoempreendedorismo. Por fim, fazemos algumas reflexões à luz dos produtores rurais e das atividades rurais. Além disso, apresentamos contribuições diretamente relacionadas à Agenda dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da ONU.
Práticas socioeducativas inclusivas: concetualizações e tendências de produção científica no campo da educação
Authors: Rodrigues Marta de Oliveira , Silva Sofia Marques da , Loureiro Armando
Published: February 2024

Resumo Este estudo apresenta um mapeamento e análise de literatura no campo da educação sobre como o tema das práticas socioeducativas inclusivas associadas a medidas para a promoção do sucesso escolar e da inclusão social tem sido abordado 4 . O procedimento metodológico adotado foi o mapeamento sistemático da literatura, na linha de Kitchenham e Charters e de Petersen et al., fazendo pesquisa na Web of Science, Scopus e B-on. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se um corpus de 47 publicações a partir do qual foram evidenciadas as principais tendências de distribuição temporal e geográfica, os temas organizadores, a metodologia e o tipo de participantes. A análise de conteúdo e a interpretação deram conta de entendimentos teóricos sobre práticas socioeducativas inclusivas, apontando os resultados para uma falta de uniformização na sua designação, bem como sobre o que constitui práticas socioeducativas inclusivas. Foram ainda identificados fatores inibidores e facilitadores nos processos de desenho, implementação e desenvolvimento daquelas práticas. Finalmente, propõe-se nas conclusões uma abordagem ao conceito indicando que as práticas socioeducativas inclusivas potenciam a mitigação ou superação de barreiras à aprendizagem e à participação com o intuito de promover o sucesso escolar e a inclusão social de forma a corresponder às necessidades e diversidade de todos os estudantes, envolvendo um planeamento e ensino cooperativo de aulas.
Educação para a sustentabilidade na prática docente em cursos de licenciatura em biologia da região amazônica paraense
Authors: Silva Natanael Charles da , Araújo Magnólia Fernandes Florêncio de
Published: February 2024

Resumo O presente estudo objetivou verificar as abordagens e perspectivas teóricas e/ou metodológicas que docentes dos cursos de licenciatura em biologia, da região amazônica paraense, consideram sobre a Educação para a Sustentabilidade na formação dos discentes. A pesquisa de campo, com abordagem qualitativa, envolveu docentes de Instituições de Ensino Superior da rede pública, as quais ofertam o curso de licenciatura em biologia há pelo menos cinco anos. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário composto por 28 questões de caráter específico, distribuídas em sete categorias contextualizadas com os princípios da Educação para a Sustentabilidade, e seis questões de caráter geral, estas relacionadas com a formação dos participantes. Os resultados foram analisados com o uso do software Iramuteq e expressos por meio de árvores de similitude e análise de especificidade. Foi possível verificar que os professores dão maior ênfase, em suas práticas docentes, aos princípios: “direito à vida, direito à igualdade e direito ao respeito”. De modo contrário, o princípio “direito à cultura” foi o que apresentou valores mais expressivos de discordância. Em termos gerais, os docentes mostram perspectivas de atuação que priorizam a formação crítica, contextualizada e prática para seus estudantes. Percebeu-se a necessidade de uma atenta reformulação e atualização da prática docente, no que diz respeito à inclusão e ao fortalecimento das dimensões cultural, social e ambiental.
Temporal trend in the incidence of tuberculosis-HIV coinfection in Brazil, by macro-region, Federative Unit, sex and age group, 2010-2021
Authors: Lima Lucas Vinícius de , Pavinati Gabriel , Oliveira Rosana Rosseto de , Couto Rodrigo de Macedo , Alves Kleydson Bonfim Andrade , Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the temporal trend in the incidence of tuberculosis-HIV coinfection in Brazil, by macro-region, Federative Unit, sex and age group, from 2010 to 2021. Methods: This was a time series study using surveillance data to estimate average annual percentage changes (AAPC), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) via joinpoint regression. Results: 122,211 cases of tuberculosis-HIV coinfection were analyzed; a falling trend was identified for Brazil as a whole (AAPC = -4.3; 95%CI -5.1;-3.7), and in the country’s Southern (AAPC = -6.2; 95%CI -6.9;-5.5) and Southeast (AAPC = -4.6; 95%CI -5.6;-3.8) regions, even more so during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021); the greatest falling trend was seen in Santa Catarina (AAPC = -9.3; 95%CI -10.1;-8.5), while the greatest rising trend was found in Tocantins (AAPC = 4.1; 95%CI 0.1;8.6); there was a rising trend among males, especially in Sergipe (AAPC = 3.9; 95%CI 0.4;7.9), and those aged 18 to 34 years, especially in Amapá (AAPC = 7.9; 95%CI 5.1;11.5). Conclusion The burden and trends of tuberculosis-HIV coinfection were geographically and demographically disparate.
Can Fairness be Automated? Guidelines and Opportunities for Fairness-aware AutoML
Authors: Weerts Hilde , Pfisterer Florian , Feurer Matthias , Eggensperger Katharina , Bergman Edward , Awad Noor , Vanschoren Joaquin , Pechenizkiy Mykola , Bischl Bernd , Hutter Frank
Published: February 2024

The field of automated machine learning (AutoML) introduces techniques that automate parts of the development of machine learning (ML) systems, accelerating the process and reducing barriers for novices. However, decisions derived from ML models can reproduce, amplify, or even introduce unfairness in our societies, causing harm to (groups of) individuals. In response, researchers have started to propose AutoML systems that jointly optimize fairness and predictive performance to mitigate fairness-related harm. However, fairness is a complex and inherently interdisciplinary subject, and solely posing it as an optimization problem can have adverse side effects. With this work, we aim to raise awareness among developers of AutoML systems about such limitations of fairness-aware AutoML, while also calling attention to the potential of AutoML as a tool for fairness research. We present a comprehensive overview of different ways in which fairness-related harm can arise and the ensuing implications for the design of fairness-aware AutoML. We conclude that while fairness cannot be automated, fairness-aware AutoML can play an important role in the toolbox of ML practitioners. We highlight several open technical challenges for future work in this direction. Additionally, we advocate for the creation of more user-centered assistive systems designed to tackle challenges encountered in fairness work.
This article appears in the AI & Society track.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATION PROCESS
Authors:   ", Kaldybaev Salidin ,   Ala-Too",   International University, Ibragimov Jainak ,   National school-lyceum of innovative technologies
Published: February 2024

The proposed scientific article is a continuation of the previous research, since it is impossible to imagine the modern educational process without information and communication technologies. In particular, one of the requirements for a teacher to be able to use information and communication technologies in accordance with modern requirements is no less than knowledge of teacher’s subject. To do this, each teacher must constantly improve their knowledge, study, learn and use modern computer technology. Since not everyone is equal, there is a need to improve the ICT competence of teachers who do not have computer skills. In addition, it describes the results of scientific research on the problems of online learning during the pandemic, some online learning tools, e-books, portfolios, etc.
THE USE OF ELECTRONIC BOOKS IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors:   ", Kaldybaev Salidin ,   Ala-Too",   International University, Asanova Meliskan ,   National school-lyceum of innovative technologies
Published: February 2024

The article considers the issue of disclosing accessible, simple and convenient ways to improve the knowledge of students of secondary schools of the Kyrgyz Republic with the help of electronic textbooks. It is noted that self-improvement of knowledge allows students to enhance mental activity. In this case, students receive additional time for independent study of educational materials. The article focuses on the learning activity in which the student works without the participation of the teacher. In this case, the student needs additional time to study the educational material. In the case when a student does not understand this or that educational material, he can find the necessary information in an electronic textbook..
On the Creation of Technology Parks in Order to Develop Innovative Production of the Countries: The Experience of China
Authors: Balashova Maria , Tsvigun Irina , Yusupova Mariam
Published: February 2024

In the new post-industrial, innovative economy, an indisputable fact is that only a subject actively engaged in R&D can claim the position of leader. Only competitive advantages created based on scientific research contribute to stimulating the development of domestic innovative production, and their generators receive the maximum amount of useful substances. The last most active way is not so much the growth of scientific research, but search for empirical and practical steps towards new forms of cooperation between economic entities from a scientific point of view.
One of the consequences of the collaboration of the state, science and business was the emergence at the end of the twentieth century. such sites as technoparks, in the functioning of which business incubators and startups have played and continue to play a huge role. Appearing on the wave of practical implementation, based in fact only on theories of innovative economy, human and intellectual capital, a huge number of technology parks, including in Russia, could not achieve high performance indicators. The policy towards them turned out to be inconsistent, the legislative base for their activities was not worked out.
The article considers the importance of scientific research, which should precede the implementation of practical steps, using the example of the area under consideration. In particular, the universality of the assumption that the micro-level of the economy should be primary in cooperation between the state, science and business is called into question.
Based on the experience of creating technoparks in China, which managed to take the first place in the world in terms of the number of relevant structures and achieve high performance of their activities, the study attempted to determine the "core" of the technopark. It can depend on the level of economic development of the country, the adopted macroeconomic model, the established scientific schools adopted by the education system, and the involvement of domestic manufacturers in the processes of MRI. The experience of China can be useful in creating technology parks in Russia.
Influence of Global Value Chain Evolution on China-Russian Strategic Cooperation and China's Countermeasures
Authors: Xing Li , Wei Yao
Published: February 2024

The overall international power structure reflects core-peripheral characteristics, characterized by the East rising and the West declining. The high concentration of structural power in the global value chain indicates that few countries in the system have a decisive influence on the structure. And maintain this unipolarity through technical blockade and economic blockade. This undermines the trend of multipolar development in the world. The multilevel characteristics of the global value chain in the current global structure and the unipolar characteristics of the power structure form obvious conflicts, disrupt the development process of other major countries through geopolitical issues.as manifested by the "Russia-Ukraine conflict" and the "Taiwan Strait situation". Both are manifestations of the geopolitical strategic squeeze. “NATO expansion” and “Asia Pacific rebalancing”. The major powers behind it is Europe and the United States. Another cause for concern is the further marginalization of peripheral countries, as exemplified by the continuing chaos in the Middle East and North Africa. Faced with the sanctions and strategic containment initiated by the United States against China and Russia in the postpandemic era, China and Russia should conduct an in-depth study of the characteristics of relevant challenges and ways to resolve them. In the face of geopolitical difficulties, how China and Russia (China-United States, Russia-Europe) can maintain and utilize value chain advantages to shape and expand their structural power and break through geopolitical dilemmas is of great importance to China and Russia.
Strengthening the Strategic Partnership between Russia and China for a New Era: Experience, Problems, Perspectives
Authors: Bardovskiy Aleksey
Published: February 2024

The article examines the experience and problems of strengthening the strategic partnership between China and Russia and the course of the discussion in the expert circles of the two countries on the expediency of establishing allied relations between the Russian Federation and the PRC. The relevance is due to the prospects for solving problematic issues on this issue, identified during the discussions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the Russian-Chinese strategic partnership for a new era and its role in strengthening the new order not only in Asia, but also in the world. The author relies on methods and approaches in international relations developed in political science, including within the framework of the neorealistic paradigm; as well as comparative and analytical methods. The system method allows the author to achieve a comprehensive analysis of the development of multi-aspect cooperation between the Russian Federation and the PRC. Research results. In response to the increased challenges and threats, they are pursuing a confident and balanced policy to protect peace.
The Ramifications of International Law in South Africa: Blind SA v Minister of Trade, Industry and Competition (CCT 320/21) [2022] ZACC 33 (21 September 2022)
Authors: Forere Malebakeng
Published: February 2024

This work is centred on the judgment of the Constitutional Court in Blind SA v The Minister of Trade (CCT 320/21) [2022] ZACC 33 (21 September 2022), and the issues raised by this judgement. The main concern for this contribution is the overreliance on a non-ratified treaty – the Marrakesh Treaty –, which calls for the assessment of the place of international law in South Africa. The paper finds that while the issues raised in the Blind SA case – the rights of people with disability – are legitimate, the manner in which they were raised went beyond the prescripts of the Constitution.
Standardised Methods for Feed Tabs Preparation to Assess Feeding Rate and Exposure to Insoluble Substances in Parhyale hawaiensis v1
Authors: Lawan Ibrahim
Published: February 2024

This protocol outlines standardised procedures for preparing feed tabs to assess feeding rates and conduct dietary toxicity testing of insoluble substances in Parhyale hawaiensis. By addressing the need for reliable testing methodologies, particularly those for evaluating the effects of insoluble pollutants on aquatic organisms, this protocol offers a robust framework for researchers. It facilitates comprehensive ecotoxicological studies, contributing to a better understanding of the environmental risks of toxicants (soluble or insoluble) using feeding metrics in marine ecosystems. This protocol uses benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), as a model toxicant because of its ecotoxicological concerns and physicochemical properties (e.g. low water solubility [0.00162 mg/L at 25°C], high lipid–water partition coefficient [log Klipw 7.35], and high octanol-water partition coefficient [log Kow 6.13]). Because BaP has low solubility, toxicity investigations must include assessment via diet as a more realistic and reliable method to assess its effects on aquatic organisms rather than just aqueous exposure.
Consensus Sequence Generation Protocol: Leveraging Variant Analysis in MulberryGenotypes v1
Authors: Niranjan Vidya
Published: February 2024

This research investigates four distinct Mulberry genotypes, each offering valuable traits essential for sericulture and broader agricultural sustainability. Notably, Thailand Male is examined for genetic variations associated with superior leaf yield, potentially informing selective breeding efforts for cultivars providing optimal nutrition to silkworms. Assam Bol's resistance to root rot diseases is explored to elucidate genetic factors, promising the development of disease-resistant Mulberry varieties and reducing reliance on chemical interventions. The drought-resistant S1 genotype's genetic resilience is scrutinized to develop Mulberry cultivars capable of withstanding water scarcity amid climate change challenges. Furthermore, the study assesses Punjab Local's nitrogen use efficiency, crucial for enhancing agricultural productivity while mitigating environmental impact. Employing advanced genetic analysis techniques, including SNP and SSR markers, this research aims to revolutionize Mulberry agriculture by identifying genetic markers, establishing linkage maps, and creating diagnostic tools. Ultimately, this endeavor seeks to enhance economic viability and environmental sustainability within the sericultureindustry. The current protocol is designed for development of consensus for mulberry genome. But the protocol can be used for other species too.
Small Scale purification test for expression of human PINK1 in insect cells v1
Authors: Dederer Verena
Published: February 2024

Purified, recombinant proteins are essential for biochemical characterization and structural studies. However, every protein is unique in its in vitro behaviour and thus, establishing a stable expression system and purification protocol can be challenging. Therefore, testing several constructs in parallel may increase the chances of getting a high quality protein prep while minimizing the laborious work. In this protocol we are providing an overview of the main steps in order to clone and test several constructs with varying N-and C-terminal boundaries for expression of human PTEN induced kinase 1(PINK1) in insect cells (this protocol is adapted from 1). PINK1, together with its counterpart Parkin, recognize damaged mitochondria and provoke their degradation by mitophagy, a mitochondrial quality control pathway (for review see 2). Mutations of PINK1 are associated with early-onset Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, understanding its structure will help in unravelling its cellular function and hopefully will lead to development of new treatment strategies.
Interface Development of a Module for the interFoam Solver of the OpenFOAM Package
Authors:   South Urals Federal Research Centre of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the UB RAS, Russia, Chelyabinsk region, 456317, Miass, Ilmen reserve, Chitalov D. I.
Published: February 2024

The results of a study on expanding the list of tasks solved using the graphical shell of the OpenFOAM platform by creating and connecting an additional module for the interFoam solver to the basic version of the graphical shell are presented. The relevance of the problem is formulated, the goal and the list of tasks necessary to achieve it. The features of this solver are studied and described in relation to experiments on numerical modeling of problems in continuum mechanics. The possibility of using open technologies to supplement the source code of the graphical shell with new modules covering a larger range of types of problems in continuum mechanics is analyzed. Graphic materials have been prepared that describe the structure and logic of the module being developed. The technology stack used is presented, and the results of testing the updated version of the graphical shell using the example of one of the classic problems of continuum mechanics are presented. The results of the research were summed up, the tasks completed were noted, the expected practical value of the development and possible ways for further research in this direction were indicated, the repository with the source code of the graphical shell on the GitHub service was updated.
LUCHINO VISCONTI'S PRIVATE LIBRARY AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND THE CREATIVE BIOGRAPHY OF THE ARTIST
Authors:   Ukrainian National Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ostrovskyi Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the research is due to the lack of research attention to the phenomenon of the artist’s private library which is both an influential and representative component of his/her creative work. The purpose of the article is to study the interconnections between the private library of the Italian theater and film director Luchino Visconti and his work. The main tasks were the systematization and analysis of the available descriptions of the director's book collection. The approaches to the research of private libraries of other personalities were analyzed. The possibility of analyzing a private library without direct interaction with books-artifacts has been proven. Attention was paid to the idea of “reproducing” the artist’s personality in the books of one’s library. The impact on the personality of those books that could have been chosen by him/her, but remained unread, has been revealed. The importance of all, without exception, books stored in a private library is argued. The article proposes the method of systematization of L. Visconti's private library collection by author, title, year of publication, impact of the text in his works, and topic. As a result of the research, quantitative indicators that were formed for each of the categories confirm or refute the director's statements regarding certain influences on him. Identified significant replenishment of the library collection after 1944 coincides with the start of the director's work in cinema and the final move to Italy. Since almost two-thirds of the library collection are devoted to theatre L. Visconti's significant interest in theatrical topics has been identified. This deepens the idea of the theatricality of his thinking. The influence of some authors on the director's work has been confirmed: in particular, the library has many books by W. Shakespeare and M. Proust, whose impact was mentioned by Italian director on many occasions in his interviews. Analysis of the library collection has shown L. Visconti's interest in the theory and history of music and literature which allows researchers to unfold in his filmography the usage of the form-creating methods inherent to these arts. The conclusion is that a private library can be an important source to expand the researcher's understanding of the artist's creative biography. It is hypothesized that such a way of analysis and systematization can be applied to the research of creative biographies of other personalities.
FORMS OF CULTURAL ACTIVITY AT THE TIME OF SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL CHALLENGES: TO THE RESULTS OF THE ХІХ INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE AT THE RIVNE STATE HUMANITARIAN UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Rivne State Humanitarian University Ukraine, Rivne, Ukraine, Vytkalov Serhii
Published: February 2024

The essence and professional orientation of such events as a scientific conference is revealed, its role in stimulating scientific research is emphasized, the "thematic repertoire" of the topics applied for participation in the 19th International Scientific and Practical Conference "Ukrainian and World Culture in the Conditions of Globalization Challenges and War" is analyzed reports, the leading directions of researchers' scientific research are clarified, the most characteristic topics of speeches, announced for discussion and submitted for publication are emphasized; the importance of the specified form of publicizing the results at the time of significant social transformations and war is emphasized. Emphasis is placed on the importance of conducting similar events during the period of changes in the value orientations of society and the importance of creating various forms of consolidation of scientific and pedagogical workers of the country's higher education institutions at the time of complex social transformations and challenges is pointed out.
The Digital Ruble as a Legitimate Means of Payment
Authors: Turbanov A. V.
Published: February 2024

The paper is devoted to the study of the digital ruble as a legal means of payment and examination of the categories of the monetary item and monetary unit. The author objects to an unjustified use of the term «currency» in the law on digital financial assets and academic writings and expresses doubts about the emergence of a new type of civil rights — a digital right. In this regard, the paper raises the problem of «defect of the content» of the legislative act. The digital ruble is considered as a kind of a fiat currency. The author justifies that a legal means of payment can be represented by both cash and non-cash money. The author proves that the regime of the digital ruble as a legal means of payment represents a system of rules providing for the issuance by the Bank of Russia on behalf of the state of a means of payment in the form of a digital banknote accepted at face value on the territory of the Russian Federation to repay any monetary obligations, and servicing all transactions in the digital ruble.
The Method of Encouragement in the Legal Regulation of Bankruptcy Relations: The Experience of Criminal Justice
Authors: Pisarevskiy I. I.
Published: February 2024

The paper is devoted to considering the issue of the method of legal regulation of bankruptcy relations in the Russian Federation and the nature of this method. The paper examines the problem of implementing the method of encouragement, primarily in the context of bankruptcy procedures applied to citizens. The method of encouragement is considered through the prism of implementation of bankruptcy legislation in specific norms, providing incentives for a particular behavior approved by society and the state, which is expressed in an encouraging sanction. In this regard, the paper highlights that the current legislation on insolvency (bankruptcy) not only contains almost no encouraging norms, but also, in general, it does not employ even dispositive (nonmandatory) methods of legal regulation. In fact, only creditors have true dispositivity (discretion) today, but not the arbitration administrator, and even more, not the debtor, for whom the legislator provides only duties and prohibitions. From the above, it is concluded that the existing legal regulation of bankruptcy relations is the quintessence of the imperative method. Paradoxically, the author proposes to look for an alternative to this imperative in the field of criminal justice. The author highlights that many criminal law and criminal procedure phenomena, such as confession and active repentance, can be transferred to the sphere of bankrupt legal relations and they can increase the effectiveness of their legal regulation. In particular, this will help to ensure the principle of voluntary cooperation between the debtor and the finance manager. In conclusion, the author proposes to introduce the method of encouragement in the field of insolvency by analogy with criminal justice.