bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between hypertensive retinopathy and fetal outcomes in patients with preeclampsia in a tertiary care hospital: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Jacob Ninan , Kasturi Nirupama , Deb Amit K , Maurya Dilip K
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

To study the effect of increasing grades of hypertensive retinopathy (HTR) on neonatal outcomes among preeclamptic women and assess the various maternal risk factors for HTR.

Methods:

A prospective cohort study was conducted on 258 preeclamptic women. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), liver, and renal function parameters were collected besides basic demographic details. Dilated fundus examination with the Keith–Wagner–Barker classification was used to grade HTR. Following delivery, neonatal outcomes were evaluated.

Results:

Of the 258 preeclamptic women recruited, 53.1% had preeclampsia (PE), and 46.9% had severe preeclampsia. With increasing grades of HTR, a significant association with low birth weight (LBW) (p = 0.012) and preterm gestational age (p = 0.002) was noted but not with the Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) score (p = 0.062). Also, it did not increase the risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with most babies, even those born to mothers with high grades of HTR, showing no evidence of ROP (p = 0.025). Among the maternal factors, increasing age (p = 0.016), SBP (p < 0.001), DBP (p < 0.001), serum creatinine (p = 0.035), alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.008), lower hemoglobin (Hb) (p = 0.009), lower platelet (p < 0.001), and severe PE (p < 0.001) have been found to significantly affect the grade of HTR.

Conclusion:

Higher grades of HTR in the preeclamptic mother are associated with preterm delivery and LBW of the neonates but neither affect the APGAR score nor pose the risk of developing ROP.
Head and facial anthropometry of the Indian population for designing a spectacle frame
Authors: Maseedupalli Srikanth , Priyanka P V Jhansi , Konda Sampath , Kolli Lakshmi Naveena
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

To establish the normative data of the head and face measurements needed to design an appropriate spectacle frame for the Indian population.

Methods:

Indian subjects between 20 and 40 years were included in the study. Thirteen parameters were measured using the direct and indirect methods using ImageJ software. Photographs of subjects were captured in the primary gaze position, with the head turned toward the subject’s right and left by 90° from the primary gaze.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation of age was 27.6 ± 5.7; 55.38% were males. An independent t-test showed a significant difference in nose width (P = 0.001), inter-pupillary distance (P = 0.032), and body mass index (P = .012) between males and females. Inner inter-canthi distance (P = .265), outer inter-canthi distance (P = .509), and frontal angles (P = .536) showed no significant difference. There is a significant difference in face width compared with the other studies. The mean head width of males (154.168 ± 9.121) was wider than that of females (145.431 ± 8.923). This suggests a smaller distance between the temples of a spectacle frame for females.

Conclusion:

Considering the above factors, there is a need for a customized spectacle frame design providing better optics, improved cosmesis, and comfort to the wearer.
Perceptions toward healthcare and dental care services among parents and caretakers of people with intellectual disability (PWID)—A questionnaire study
Authors: Mohd Farah N , Said Abdul H , Mat Naji Ahmad Syahir
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aim and Objective:

In Malaysia, there was lack of local evidence on the perception of parents/caretakers of people with intellectual disabilities (PWID) about healthcare. Thus, this study aims to assess the perceptions toward healthcare services of parents or caretakers for PWID.

Materials and Methods:

Online survey using Google Forms was conducted on parents/caretakers of PWID who attended the special care dentistry clinic and special community centers in Kuantan, Pahang. A questionnaire was developed for data collection. Cronbach alpha was conducted to measure the reliability. Content and face validation was performed to establish the validity. Data entry and analysis were done using IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 24. This study only involved univariate (descriptive) data analysis in which categorical data were summarized in actual numbers and percentages.

Results:

The respondents’ perceptions toward healthcare access and services were reasonably good; about 50% disagreed and strongly disagreed on having difficulty accessing healthcare facilities. 65% and 55% of parents/caretakers brought PWID for regular health and dental checkups. The majority agreed and strongly agreed (about 73%) that healthcare staff gave equal services and good support and showed positive attitudes toward PWID under their care. Insufficient healthcare information and below-par communication skills remained the main barriers faced by the parents/caretakers of PWID. About 13% of the respondents reported experiencing discrimination in receiving health and dental services for PWID under their care. The Cronbach alpha scores for sections 2 and 4 were 0.892 and 0.681, respectively.

Conclusion:

Most of the respondents felt that Malaysia’s healthcare services for PWID were fairly good. However, it was intriguing to find that some still experienced discrimination. This shows that education about intellectual disability is salient for healthcare workers and should be embedded in the current curriculum.
Surgical management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis with mersilene mesh interpositional arthroplasty: A case series study
Authors: Setyawan Aris , Montessory Maria , Baehaqi Ronny , Rizqiawan Andra , Mulyawan Indra , Rahman Mohammad Z
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most prevalent TMJ disorders in patients who have experienced trauma. Due to the high risk of recurrence, gap arthroplasty without interpositional material has been gradually discontinued as a treatment for TMJ ankylosis. After arthroplasty surgery, various interposition materials have been used to prevent a recurrence. Reporting on the effectiveness of TMJ bony ankylosis treatment using Mersilene mesh interpositional arthroplasty is the purpose of this study.This was a retrospective study carried out on five patients of TMJ ankylosis. All patients were treated through a Mersilene mesh interpositional arthroplasty procedure from January 2016 to April 2022 in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital and Universitas Airlangga General Hospital and evaluated 3 months postoperatively for the functional stability of TMJ. The result is preoperative mouth opening ranged between 0.7 and 13 mm. The patients achieved the interincisal opening between 27 and 40 mm postoperatively and had no complications for 3 months. In conclusion, Mersilene mesh interpositional arthroplasty is a very effective surgical treatment for TMJ bony ankylosis to achieve maximum mouth opening and avoid recurrences. The prevention of ankylosis recurrence necessitates thorough rehabilitation.
An Evaluation of Mathematical Tasks Designed by Pre-Service Teachers Within the Framework of Task Design Principles
Authors: Gün Özge , Taş Fatih
Published: March 2023

It is important to support pre-service teachers in terms of mathematical task design so as to increase the success of their future teaching. The purpose of this study was to evaluate mathematical tasks designed by pre-service primary and elementary mathematics teachers within the framework of task design principles. For this purpose, a total of 43 tasks corresponding to the learning objectives in primary and elementary school mathematics curriculum were examined through content analysis. Results revealed that pre-service teachers have considered aim of task, classroom organization, students’ prior knowledge and multiple start point principles for all or most of their tasks; measurement and evaluation principle for almost half of their task; and instruction for using materials and student’s misconceptions and difficulties principles for very few of their tasks. This study can provide teacher educators with a guideline for improving their programs to support pre-service teachers in terms of mathematical task design.
An Investigation of Pre-service Middle School Mathematics Teachers’ Discussion Skills in the Context of Lesson Study
Authors: Yılmaz Nadide , İ. Elif Yetkin-Özdemir
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the current study is to investigate how pre-service teachers have used five practices for conducting productive mathematical discussions (anticipating, monitoring, selecting, sequencing, and connecting) in teaching statistics throughout their participation in lesson study. Researchers employed a qualitative research method. The participants of the study were three pre-service teachers as they carried out three lesson studies. In the data analysis, the framework developed by Stein et al. (2008) was used. The results revealed that the pre-service teachers did not include all practices in their lesson plans and implementations at the beginning. As the lesson study progressed, the pre-service teachers attempted to include anticipating, monitoring, selecting, and connecting practices. However, the difficulties in terms of the sequencing practice were seen to be continuing. In light of the obtained findings, it was suggested that lesson study should be integrated into teacher training programs in Turkey.
Determination of fatty acids composition by GC-MS and physicochemical parameters of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil cultivated in Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Mulu , Ele Yaya Estifanos , Singh Chandravanshi Bhagwan , Redi-Abshiro Mesfin
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil was extracted using petroleum ether and analyzed for fatty acid compositions and physicochemical parameters of the oil. The seeds were found to contain 43.6% (%w/w) oil. Linoleic (50.7%), oleic (18.8%), palmitic (17.9%) and stearic (12.4%) were found as the primary fatty acids in pumpkin seed oil. Physicochemical parameters of pumpkin seed oil were found to be acid value (1.32 mg KOH/g oil), saponification value (191 mg KOH/g oil), iodine value (114 g I2/100 g), peroxide value (3.6 meq/kg), specific gravity (0.91 g/mL), refractive index (1.47) and viscosity (24.7). According to the study's findings, 50% of the oil contains the essential fatty acid omega-6 (linoleic acid). The high concentration of essential linoleic acid in pumpkin seed oil implies that it is a nutrient-dense food. The physicochemical study of the pumpkin seed oil samples also showed that they were suitable as industrial ingredients for making soap, cosmetics, medications, and food additives, among other things.

 

KEY WORDS: Pumpkin seed oil, Fatty acids, Oil content, Physicochemical parameters, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Ethiopia

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 565-577.                                                            

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.3
Structure and properties of strontium phosphate glasses modified with aluminum oxide applied as glass ionomer cement
Authors: El-Damrawi G. , Shosha D. , M. Abdelghany A. , I.  Abdelghany M.
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. Studied glasses in the system 50P2O5-(49-x)SrO-1AlF3-xAl2O3 (mol%), 0≤x≤4.5, were prepared via the melt-annealing technique. The prepared samples are transparent amorphous network structures. Glasses are still transparent upon the heat treatment at 540 ºC for 4 hours. 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been applied to determine the structural role of Al2O3. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Vickers hardness (Hv) measurements have been carried out. XRD spectroscopy is used to investigate the glasses' crystalline features. The crystallinity was enhanced via the heat treatment process. Some of investigated strontium phosphate glasses are recommended to be applied in dental applications.

 

KEY WORDS: NMR, Aluminum oxide, GIC, X-ray diffraction, Strontium phosphate

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 653-662.                                                            

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.9
The efficacy of scent leaf (Ocimum grattissimum) in controlling cowpea pod borer (Maruca vitrata) In Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Emeribe E.O. , Agbim J.U
Published: March 2023

This experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Imo State University, Owerri,  Nigeria, between May-August, 2018. It investigated the efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum against cowpea pod borer, Maruca vitrata. Four rates of liquid  extracts were used, 0, 50, 100, and 150 mls as treatments using randomized complete block design. Proximate analysis on Ocimum gratissimum revealed  percentage nutritional contents of ash 14.58%, moisture 82.22%, fibre 9.37% and protein 3.16%. Phytochemical analysis revealed phytate, 12.45g, tannin,  15.43g, sapogenin 11.64g, anthocyanidines 0.27g, and quinine 11.09g. Mineral compositions were Sodium 0.321mg/100g, potassium 0.355mg/100g,  calcium 0.0144mg/100g, Magnesium 1.85mg/100g and cadmium 0.187/100g. Heavy metals include zinc, 0.250mg/100g, cadmium 0.00mg/100g,  chromium 0.00mg/100g, Fe 0.381mg/100g, Nickel 0.291mg/100g and manganese 0.492mg/100g. Infrared compounds were alcohol 3344.5, aldehyde  2719, carboxylic acid 2995.5, alkenes 2804.4, isocyanate 2804.4. Data were collected on number of insects observed after application, number of plants  infested, number of leaves damaged, and number of pods per plot and yield weight. Further results showed that treatments reduced number of insects,  number of plants infested, number of leaves damaged, 2, 3, 4 WAP and these were significantlydifferent P≤0.05. Number of pods and yield weight were  significantly P≤0.05 different over the control. In this study, Ocimum gratissimum reduced the number of insect pest attack (Maruca vitrata) on cowpea and  these actions were due to the anti-nutritional constituents contained in the extract.
Table Of Contents
Authors: Contents Table Of
Published: March 2023

Table Of Contents
An Initial Sociolinguistic Analysis of Aljouf Dialect
Authors: Mugaddam Abdelrahim Hamid
Published: March 2023

This paper presents an initial sociolinguistic analysis of the varieties of Saudi Arabic spoken in the Aljouf region. The main objective of the paper is to uncover some of the sociolinguistic aspects characterizing the Jouf dialect as distinct from other Arabic variants in Saudi Arabic. Word lists and interviews were used for collecting data in Aljouf and four other areas, namely Ha’il, Alhijaz, Jazan, and Alkhubar. Four other dialects were included to provide a comparative dimension for the analysis, which was expected to consolidate the findings. Students enrolled in the sociolinguistics course at Jouf University participated actively in the process of data collection. The main criteria for selecting students were an affiliation with Aljouf and the named comparable regions. Results suggest that there are clear dialectal differences between the Aljouf dialect and the four other dialects. Variations in lexical choice were found to be relatively large between regions. Specifically, the differences between the Aljouf dialect and the Jazan dialect are greater than those between the Aljouf dialect and the Ha’il dialect. Age and gender differences were found to be significant among speakers of the Aljouf dialect. The speech of men and women proved to be slightly different with regard to certain lexical choices. Men and women used certain words that were exclusive to each sex. Speech variants between young men and women were reported by a considerable number of subjects. Slang and swearing, on the other hand, were identified as characterizing the speech of young males, who tended to use these words less as they approached adulthood.
Los retos de la etnoeducación en Colombia. Un análisis sobre el impacto de las políticas públicas en la educación de la población afrocolombiana
Authors: Díaz Pinillos Nancy
Published: March 2023

El presente texto se trata de un resumen informativo que abarca la discusión en torno a las cualidades de calidad, pertinencia y aplicabilidad de las políticas públicas en Colombia referentes a la etnoeducación, es decir, a la educación en contextos de predominancia de uno o varios grupos étnicos, en los cuales este factor incide de manera diferenciada en las necesidades y las demandas en esta esfera de la vida social y del desarrollo humano. Se desarrolla a partir de una metodología cualitativa que incluye un análisis histórico del panorama que antecede el estado actual de derechos y capacidades de la población afro en algunas zonas del país. También incluye una evaluación del marco legal institucional que cimienta las posibilidades de que exista una educación diferenciada por factores étnicos que está limitada a la población afrocolombiana, y que no sea una extensión de las instituciones etnoeducativas indígenas, que es uno de los principales problemas que pudimos identificar. Finalmente, se propusieron algunos puntos de análisis comparativo entre las políticas públicas vigentes en esta materia, atravesado por los alcances y las falencias en materia de calidad, pertinencia y aplicabilidad, que permite evidenciar que no existe un uso efectivo de la institucionalidad actual. Es por esto que se hace necesario plantear una nueva política pública de etnoeducación que permita resolver los conflictos y vulneraciones hacia la comunidad afrocolombiana desde sus cimientos estructurales y, como consecuencia, ofrecer garantías en el campo de la educación.
NICKEL-HYDROGEN COLD FUSION BY INTERMEDIATE RYDBERG STATE OF HYDROGEN: SELECTION OF THE ISOTOPES FOR ENERGY OPTIMIZATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MINIMIZATION
Authors: Sargoytchev Stoyan
Published: March 2023

The main objection against cold fusion is based on the theoretical understanding that the Coulomb barrier of the very small nucleus is extremely strong. The size of the atomic nucleus is determined by scattering experiments in which a metal target is usually struck by alpha particles. These experiments yield only energy and angular resolution and their interpretation rely on the assumption that the atomic nuclei and all elementary particles are spherical. A non-spherical nucleus made of thinner non-spherical particles like a torus or a twisted or folded torus will provide similar data for a limited range of the particle energy. At the time of Rutherford, alpha particles with energy from 4 to 8 MeV were used. Modern scattering experiments with energy above 25 MeV show a sharp deviation from the Rutherford theory. They also show a wavelike shape of the scattering cross section as a function of scattering angle. A new interpretation of the scattering experiments leads to the idea that the Coulomb field near the nucleus has a manifold shape with a much larger overall size and therefore is not so strong. The BSM-SG models of atomic nuclei are in excellent agreement with this conclusion. Applying the approach described in the monograph Structural Physics of Nuclear Fusion with BSM-SG atomic models, the highly exothermal process between nickel and hydrogen is analyzed. It leads to the conclusion that a proton capture may occur at an accessible temperature in a range of a few hundred degrees. The process is assisted by an intermediate state of hydrogen, known as the Rydberg atom, the magnetic field of which interacts constructively with the recipient nucleus if it is in a proper nuclear spin state. The final conclusion is that it is theoretically possible to obtain nuclear energy without radioactive waste by proper isotope selection of involved elements.
RESEARCH OF FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE QUALITY OF OPTIC TELESCOPIC DEVICES
Authors:   SPACE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGIES INSTITUTE - BAS SOFIA 1113, ACAD. GEORGI BONCHEV ST., BL. 1, Stoyanov Stiliyan
Published: March 2023

Defining of the information quantity as a function from the adaptation brightness. It has been found that there exists a correlation between the information quantity which is transferred by a telescopic appliance and the eye and the background brightness in which the object will be observed and this allows to define an informational criterion about the quality of the apparatus as a function from the background brightness. The given formulas are used to evaluate concrete apparatuses for observation, which are applied in distant objects discovery from the board of man-navigated spacecrafts and they are in fact used there.
RANDOMNESS TESTING OF SEQUENCES PRODUCED BY P-ARY GENERALIZED SELF-SHRINKING GENERATOR USING APPROXIMATE ENTROPY
Authors:   FACULTY OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES, KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, Tasheva Zhaneta ,   FACULTY OF ARTILLERY, AAD AND CIS, NATIONAL MILITARY UNIVERSITY, BULGARIA, Tasheva Antoniya ,   FACULTY OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND CONTROL, TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, BULGARIA
Published: March 2023

In this paper a supervene testing for sequences generated by p-ary Generalized Self-Shrinking Generator (pGSSG) is made. Thanks to the Approximate Entropy (ApEn) approach certain randomness properties are proved to be possessed by them. In order to test the applicability of the generator the pGSSG sequence minimum length in excess of which it can be considered that the sequence behaves as truly random is detected.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF THE ACADEMIC STAFF OF KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
Authors:   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKI UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, SHUMEN 9712, 115, UNIVERSITETSKA STR., Korneliya Todorova
Published: March 2023

The diagnostics analysis of the appraisal system of the academic staff of Shumen University is subject to formal and informal rules, requirements and procedures for the assessment of performance of faculty members as well as the conditions that are set up for this activity. The conducted empirical sociological study attempts to clarify the effectiveness of this system, considering the appraisal as a motivational factor for increasing productivity, improving quality of work and professional and qualification skills.
CALCULATION OF THE EINSTEIN COEFFICIENTS FOR CO DOPED (80 − x)Sb2O3−20Na2O−xWO3 (x% mol of WO3) GLASSES
Authors:   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKI UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, SHUMEN 9712, 115, UNIVERSITETSKA STR., Petkova Petya , Vasilev Petko ,   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKI UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, SHUMEN 9712, 115, UNIVERSITETSKA STR.
Published: March 2023

We have measured the absorption of the glasses (80−x)Sb2O3−20Na2O−xWO3 (x% mol of WO3) in the spectral regions 10 500 – 24 500 cm-1. The samples are doped with 0.05% mol of Co3O4 from x = 10% until x = 50%. The observed absorption band is due to the Co-impurity in the visible spectral region. This absorption band of glasses contains information about the exactly values of the Einstein coefficients which will be useful for their application in laser technologies.
THERMAL RESISTANCE OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE FIBRES
Authors:   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY, 9700, SHUMEN, BULGARIA, Velev Valentin , Popov Anton ,   UNIVERSITY "Prof. D-r. ASSEN ZLATAROV" – BURGAS, 8000, BURGAS, BULGARIA, Veleva Lyubomira ,   PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUTE, NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY DEPARTMENT, SWITZERLAND, Todorov Nikola ,   UNIVERSITY "Prof. D-r. ASSEN ZLATAROV" – BURGAS, 8000, BURGAS, BULGARIA
Published: March 2023

The thermal resistance of isotropic and orientated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) samples was studied. Part of the oriented PET specimens was heat mechanically modified under different conditions. Using differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal gravimetric analysis (DTGA) it was investigated the influence of the forming methods and the modes of heat mechanically treatment on the relative samples thermal oxidation stability. It was determined basic thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, as well as the limiting mechanisms of the basic destruction of the PET objects.
EFFECT OF PROTON IRRADIATION ON THE STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE FIBERS
Authors:   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, 9700, SHUMEN, BULGARIA, Velev Valentin , Popov Anton ,   UNIVERSITY "PROF. DR. ASSEN ZLATAROV" â€“ BURGAS, 8000, BURGAS, BULGARIA, Arhangelova Nina ,   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, 9700, SHUMEN, BULGARIA, Kyurkchiev Pencho ,   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, 9700, SHUMEN, BULGARIA, Hristov Hristo ,   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, 9700, SHUMEN, BULGARIA, Bello Michele ,   INFN, NATIONAL LABORATORIES OF LEGNARO, LEGNARO (PADUA), ITALY, Moschini Giuliano ,   INFN, NATIONAL LABORATORIES OF LEGNARO, LEGNARO (PADUA), ITALY, Uzunov Nikolay ,   KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY OF SHUMEN, 9700, SHUMEN, BULGARIA, INFN, NATIONAL LABORATORIES OF LEGNARO, LEGNARO (PADUA), ITALY
Published: March 2023

The influence of proton irradiation on the structural changes in partially crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filaments has been investigated using a wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). Experimental data about the role of the exposure dose and the irradiation conditions in the processes of destruction and crosslinking in the irradiated objects have been obtained. The structural changes and the packing density of the macromolecular chain segments of the polyethylene terephthalate filaments irradiated with different doses have been analyzed. A mechanism of the structural reorganization initiated by the irradiation has been supposed on the basis of the changes in the geometry of the intensive distribution of the X-ray diffraction patterns of the objects.
Best Practice for Administering Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) Injection: An Evidence-Based Practice Project
Authors: Alasmari Faisal A. , Hazazi Mohammad A. , Ebrahim Ebtisam A. , Thazha Mirshad T. , Alkouz Daoud A. , ALhawsawi Hadeel Y. , Al Romaili Rudayna H. , Almalad Thaer W.
Published: March 2023

Context: Anticoagulation with subcutaneous heparin is the most common treatment for thromboembolic illnesses. LMWH is currently the most popular parenteral anticoagulant drug. Low molecular weight heparins are given by subcutaneous injection. This form of administration frequently results in adverse reactions, such as pain at the injection site, bruising, pain, sclerosis, and the development of hematomas.

Aim: Determine the best practice for administering low molecular weight heparin.

Methods: A total of 60 patients were included in the incremental rollout stage. The evidence-based practice team used a data collection tool to assess the incidence of bruising and pain. After appraising and synthesizing the evidence, the practice changes to use the abdomen as the first choice for injection of low-molecular-weight heparin was rolled out in the cardiac ward from OCT 2021 to NOV 2021.

Results: Highly statistically significant was found between both groups regarding injection site and incidence of pain P=0.000. Regarding the incidence of bruising, a statistically significant difference was found between both groups, p=0.004.

Conclusion: The abdomen should be the first choice for injection of low-molecular-weight heparin.
Echinococcophobia
Authors: Habibzadeh Farrokh , Saidi Farrokh
Published: March 2023

None
Fibre and Water, The mega nutrients of metabolic health
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Arora Saurabh , Kapoor Nitin
Published: March 2023

Nutrients are conventionally classified as macronutrients (carbohydrates, fat and protein), and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, electrolytes). This classification is based upon the quantity required to maintain health, and also, perhaps, the caloric value of the concerned nutrient. We support the use of the descriptor meganutrient for fibre and water. The latter is required in significantly larger quantities to maintain health, and manage metabolic disease such as diabetes and obesity. Fibre has a chemical mega-structure, and its description as a meganutrient reinforces its functions, which are different from other carbohydrates. 

Keywords: Diet, fibre, H2O, medical nutrition therapy, nutrition, water
Effect of post-operative infections on glioblastoma outcomes
Authors: Shah Zara , Kamran Bakhshi Saqib , Shamim Muhammad Shahzad
Published: March 2023

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumour with a poor prognosis. The risk of developing a post-operative infection after craniotomy is the highest in GBM patients. Historical beliefs suggest that post-operative infections render a survival advantage in GBM patients, however recent clinical neurosurgical reports involving large multicentric patient cohorts do not support this claim. Nonetheless, the relationship has not been extensively studied which poses the need for further large, scaled studies to determine the association between post-operative infections and survival benefit in GBM patients.

Keywords: Surgical site infections; glioblastoma surgery; survival time.
History of Bermuda shore whaling, mainly for humpback whales
Authors: Reeves Randall R. , McKenzie Matthew G. , Smith Tim D.
Published: March 2023

From its first colonisation in the early 1600s, Bermuda was known as a potentially profitable whaling site. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were common in coastal waters during the late winter and spring (March-May); sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), in offshore waters probably throughout much of the year. Initial efforts at shore whaling in 1616-17 were not very successful but whaling continued at least intermittently until 1685 when Bermuda became a Crown Colony and the whaling industry was placed on a firm footing. The shore whaling industry in Bermuda was never particularly large or profitable. Although it continued into the 20th century and was episodically re-invigorated with new financing and equipment, shore whaling never met the high expectations of those who invested in it. In the 1780s and for several decades thereafter, a few whaling voyages sailed from Bermuda for distant whaling grounds in the South Atlantic and Indo-Pacific, targeting sperm whales and right whales (Eubalaena spp.). There is no evidence to suggest that local catches by Bermudian shore whalers exceeded more than a few tens of whales per year, the vast majority of them humpback whales.
Vanet performance evaluatıon ın terms of nodes dıstrıbutıon, mobılıty models, and routıng protocols
Authors: Albo Ismael Waleed Khalid Fathi , Ucan Osman
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have become a new trend and one of the most attractive areas of research. It has a wide range of applications such as smart cities and the Internet of Things (IoT). The main issue of the VANET networks is the limitation in network resources such as power, and memory. Moreover, since VANET nodes are dynamic and move over time, the connectivity of the networks is also considered an important issue. This paper designs experiments that reflect a variety of scenarios in VANET networks. Many issues and factors in VANET networks have also been investigated in this paper. There are many factors that affect the whole performance of VANET networks (i.e., mobility models, routing protocols, and things distribution) in terms of network resources. Therefore, this paper aims at testing different mobility models such as the Human Mobility model, Cauchy Flight Mobility model, and Correlated Directions Mobility model, and investigate their impact on the consumption of network resources under a particular routing protocol such as Spray and Wait routing protocol, Probabilistic Flooding routing protocol, and Epidemic routing protocol. In addition, testing different distributions such as Uniform distribution, Gaussian (Normal) distribution, and Power-Law distribution). The resources we plan to investigate are energy sources and the amount of data exchanged. In the designed experiments, each simulation includes a combination of a mobility model, nodes distribution, and a routing protocol. The findings showed that each mobility model, routing protocol, or distribution is effective in a particular application. As a result, it was found that determining the application of the VANET network is a crucial step before performing a simulation or designing a network.
INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF INSURANCE FIRMS
Authors: Kajwang Ben
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The research determined the influence of knowledge management practices on the performance of insurance firms.

Methodology: A desk study review method was used to deduct the findings regarding the study objective.

Findings: The ability of an organization to innovate, whether through enhanced procedures or enhanced goods and services, is the primary factor that determines whether or not the implementation of knowledge management systems has a positive effect on performance. As a risk management sector, the insurance industry plays a significant part in the economy that is built on services provided by other businesses. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence that knowledge management strategies have on the operational efficiency of insurance companies. Knowledge management is a strategic activity that an organization engages in to ensure that the knowledge activities contribute to improved performance and profitability. This link between knowledge management and the firm's strategic plans is established through knowledge management, which is a strategic activity of an organization. The insurance sector should make a concerted effort to adopt knowledge management methods because these strategies are a critical component in boosting a company's inventive capacity and, as a result, the company's overall performance. They should also encourage knowledge exchange among employees in order to improve the quality of work, strengthen decision-making skills, and increase problem-solving competences, which would ultimately benefit the firm. According to the findings, techniques for knowledge management are being used as instruments in the insurance industry with the intention of achieving a performance advantage for the purpose of competing with other businesses.

Unique contribution of theory, practice and policy: The authors expose other problems with the management of knowledge in the insurance industry and recommend that the industry adopt structured knowledge management methodologies as a solution to these problems. They provide this information as a component of their argument. This will enhance their capability to perform well in the business sector and boost the possibility that they will remain relevant in the future.
Factors Influencing the Adoption of Cloud Computing and Information Management
Authors: Mosiara Shavlyn
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Over the years, advances in science and technology have resulted in several modern educational methods that have improved learners' expertise. These new methods have been distinguished by their reliance on technological innovations to improve educational effectiveness and efficiency. E-learning and distance learning are two of the most significant technological innovations that have emerged in recent years, with the goal of making the learner the focus of the educational process rather than the teacher . The appropriate application of technological innovations such as cloud computing in the educational process will undoubtedly lead to the discovery of novel solutions to educational problems. This study, therefore, sought to identify the factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing and information management systems in academic institutions.

Methodology: A desktop literature review was used for this purpose in identifying relevant seminal references and journal articles for the study using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed papers that have already been done since the introduction of cloud computing in businesses and educational facilities.

Findings: The study found that organizational factors such as top management commitment, staff attitudes, and appropriate skills have a significant influence on the adoption of cloud computing and information management technology within academic institutions. Environmental related factors including industry competition as well as technological factors such as perceived benefits, complexity, and compatibility influenced academic institutions' adoption of cloud computing technology.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To promote cloud computing, service providers should provide successful case studies and statistics to assist companies, particularly academic institutions, in realizing the potential benefits.
Industrial And Community Waste Management: Global Perspective
Authors: Godswill Awuchi Chinaza , Gospel Awuchi Chibueze , Otuosorochi Amagwula Ikechukwu , Somtochukwu Igwe Victory
Published: March 2023

Purpose:The review focused on the management of industrial and communal wastes. Industrial and communal waste management practices are not uniform among countries; urban and rural areas, residential, and industrial sectors, all take different approaches.

Methodology: Industrial wastes can be classified on basis of their characteristics; Waste in dissolved and pollutant is in liquid form, e.g. dairy industry; Waste in solid form, but a number of pollutants within are in the liquid or fluid form, e.g. washing of minerals or crockery industry or coal.

Results: Industrial waste is produced as a result of industrial activities, including materials rendered useless during manufacturing process such as that of food and chemical industries, mills, factories, and mining operations. Dirt and gravel, concrete and masonry, solvents, chemicals, scrap lumber, scrap metal, oil, etc. are types of industrial waste. Industrial or community waste may be liquid, solid, or gaseous. It may be absolutely hazardous, mirror entry, or non-hazardous waste. Hazardous waste can be toxic, ignitable, corrosive, radioactive, or reactive. Industrial waste may pollute the soil, the air, or nearby water bodies, ending up in the sea.

Unique  contribution  to  theory,  practice  and  policy: Waste management is important component in a business' ability to maintain the ISO14001 accreditation. The ISO14001 standard encourages companies to ensure green environment and improve their environmental efficiencies every year by eliminating waste through the resource recovery practices. The principles of waste management puts some factors into consideration such as waste hierarchy, life-cycle of a product, resource efficiency, and polluter-pays principle. Common waste disposal and management methods include incineration, landfill, recycling, re-use, pyrolysis, resource recovery, composting, among others. An important method of waste management in industries and communities is the prevention of waste materials being created, better known as waste reduction. The waste management industry has adopted new technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, GPS, etc., which enable the collection of better quality data without the using estimation or manual data entry.
Natural Radioactivity and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Associated With Soil in Kargi Area, Marsabit – Kenya
Authors: O Aguko , R Kinyua , G Githiri
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The main aim of investigating activity concentrations together with distribution of radionuclides naturally in soil from Kargi was to evaluate radiological health hazard together with environmental radioactivity. Research shows radionuclides as one source of exposure due to radiation with detrimental effects health wise for populations found in areas considered high background radiation.

Methodology: After collecting 117 soil samples from the area, analysis was done in order to measure their natural radioactivities due to 40K, 232Th and 226Ra radionuclides. Measurements method of gamma spectrometry employing a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was employed basically to evaluate the radiological hazard of radioactivities. For 40K, 232Th and 226Ra, mean calculated activities were 353.19±110.07, 7.98±3.98 and 7.37±2.60 Bqkg-1 respectively. Mean values of absorbed and effective dose rates, external and internal hazard indices together with radium equivalent activity were 23.82±6.59 nGyh-1 and 0.14±0.04 mSvy-1, 0.12±0.03 and 0.14±0.04 and 45.90±12.65 Bqkg-1 respectively.  Comparing with approved global values, the values were found to be below the given global limits.

Findings: Evidence of involvement of metasomatic activity of the radioelements or fractionation during weathering is seen as calculations give a higher value Th/U. Excess cancer risk, calculated from the samples showed lower values as compared to global standard values hence minimal chance of getting cancer disease. The area is safe from cancer causing radionuclides.

Unique Contribution to theory, Practice and Policy: It is recommended that High Background Radiation Area (HBRA) are healthy and good for human settlement.
Graphite as Material for Production of Crucibles Using Clay Slip Casting Method (A Case study of Sama Borkno Graphite in Warji Local Government Area of Bauchi state)
Authors: F Bello , G. Wuritka , A. Tokan , S. Musa , E Dung
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This research work investigated the use of graphite as material for production of crucibles by using clay slip casting method.

Methodology: The graphite used was sourced from a graphite deposit located at Sama Borkno in Warji Local Government Area of Bauchi state. Clay, kaolin, fireclay silica, lime were used to bind the materials together and to make the slip more plastics and to strengthen the crucible. The investigation covered the assessment of chemical compositions of the graphite sample obtained, processing of the graphite obtained into crucible, determination of physical properties of crucible such as shrinkage, porosity, refractoriness, shock resistance and heat conductivity by ASTM standard methods.

Findings: The result of the chemical analysis for the graphite sample showed that the beneficiated graphite has enough percentage of carbon content suitable for crucible production.   The shrinkage tests conducted on the samples showed percentage shrinkage of the sample ranges from 2-17 %. The results of the thermal shock tests showed that all the samples can withstand sudden change in temperature when exposed to different temperatures. The refractoriness test for the sample showed that all the samples can withstand temperatures above 12000C. Conductivity test showed good heat conductance of the samples. After the tests, it was found that sample “B” possess all the requirements required for graphite crucible production. The Crucible was produced by slip casting forming method of ceramic bodies. The crucible produced was tested by melting a brass.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that government should encourage the full time mining of indigenous graphite by providing a conducive atmosphere and assistance to miners. Some additives such as grog should also be added to the samples mixtures so as to improve the properties.
The use of Electrical Resistivity Methods to Investigate Water Table Potentials of Awka South Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: I Onyenweife
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Geophysical exploration for water table characteristics were carried out in six (6) communities of Njikoka and environs through which water table depth, depth below the water table, thickness of the saturated zone, depth with reference to mean sea level (MSL) and types of aquifer were deduced. The proven geoelectric sections of the study area based on resisitivity from the subsurface and electrical log which confirmed that depth to water table of Njikoka and environs could range from 15 m – 100 m. Depth below the water table in the study area ranged 40 m (around Nimo, Enugu Agidi) to 200 m (Ifitedunu, Ukpo) while the thicknesses of the saturated zones (aquifers) varies from 25 m to 160 m within the respective communities. Depths to Mean Sea Level were delineated to range from – 20 m to – 198 m as obtained from the difference in the water table depths and the heights above sea level which is the elevations.

Methodology: Subsurface geophysical exploration was employed in the research of groundwater availability of Njikoka and environs. Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding which is the subsurface geophysical method was carried out only on two locations in each of the communities. The geophysical investigation was made with Earth Resistivity equipment

Findings: From the revealed results the study area is dominated with low land topography and prominently composed of unconfined with less cases of confined aquifer as a result of the geological settings of the study area.
Climate Change Laws: The Catholicon to the Farmer-Herder Crises in Nigeria
Authors: Okpara Chizoba , Onwuchekwa Chinonso
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The weight of overwhelming scientific evidence indicates that human-induced climate change is occurring in Nigeria, with the northern areas of the country faced with massive desertification.  This has forced the northern herders down south in search of green pastures and on the farms of southerners who depend on these crops for a living. The resultant incessant clashes, this time with more sophisticated arms and weapons, take their toll in lives and property. The major problem envisaged in this work is the erroneous belief by the Federal Government that the proposed establishment of cattle colonies - Rural Grazing Areas (RUGA) - and National Livestock Transformation Programme (NLTP) will curb the farmer-herder crises.

Methodology: The study used doctrinal method of research which involve review of existing literature

Findings: Major findings in this work include that Nigeria has joined very elite countries in the world in enacting climate change laws encapsulated in the Nigeria Climate Change Act, 2021. Effective implementation of this Act therefore remains the nepenthe to the farmer-herder crises in Nigeria.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that the Nigeria Climate Change Act should be fully implemented so that the farmer-herder crises can capsize.