bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF RISK FACTORS AND BACTERIAL PATHOGENS OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN HYDERABAD
Authors:   Post-Graduate, Professor of Microbiology, HOD Microbiology., Luqman Sara , G. Pavani ,   Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad., Dass S. Manick ,   Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad.
Published: February 2023

Background: Surgical site infections are one of the most common healthcare associated infections which results in a delay in patient recovery. These infections being the most common HAI in our area, the present study was conducted to know the incidence of SSIs and to detect the risk factors associated with SSIs. Material and methods: A prospective study on SSIs was conducted over a period of seven months involving 1211 patients. History was taken from these patients regarding the risk factors of SSIs. Pus and wound swabs collected from these patients were subjected to culture. The culture isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed using standard protocol. The incidence of SSIs was determined. Results: SSI rate was 6.6 %.The most common risk factors associated with SSIs were age >60 years, diabetes followed by obesity and prolonged duration of surgery. There was no association with smoking, malnutrition, immunosuppression, skin colonization at the time of surgery, presence of skin diseases at the incision site, peripheral vascular disease and anaemia. Majority of isolates were gram negative isolates. Klebsiella and Escherichia coli were the most common isolates. There was maximum sensitivity of isolates to carbapenems and combination drugs. Conclusion: Age>60 years, diabetics, obesity, and prolonged duration of therapy were the major risk factors associated with SSIs. Decreased incidence of SSIs & decreased isolation of exogenous pathogens in SSI, high sensitivity of gram negative bacilli in our study suggests good infection control practices in our hospital area.
A STUDY OF THYROID PROFILE AND FASTING LIPID PROFILE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors:   Junior Resident, Depaerment Of General Medicine Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi-585105., Kumar Reddy V. Akil , Kinagi Satish ,   Professor, Depaerment Of General Medicine Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi-585105., Tadakal Vishwaraj ,   Senior Resident, Depaerment Of General Medicine Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi-585105., V. Ganure Renuka ,   Junior Resident, Depaerment Of General Medicine Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi-585105.
Published: February 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease [CKD] is associated with specific abnormalities in the thyroid and lipoprotein metabolism both in the early and in the advanced stages of chronic renal failure. Regardless of age, heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with renal failure.Our study aimed at to estimate thyroid profile and dyslipidemia in CKD patients on conservative management,on haemodialysisand to compare with healthy controls. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted among the 100 CKD patients and controls over 18 months admitted in the department of general medicine at our hospital. Results: Hundred CKD cases with 70 male and 30 female in a M: F ratio of 2.3:1 were found to be in different stages CKD (12, 29 and 59 in stage-3 to stage-5 respectively). In 59 cases of stage-5 CKD, 32 were on HD and 27 on conservative management. In each grade of CKD, the mean age, eGFR, urea, creatinine, thyroid profile, and lipid profile were computed individually. The levels of urea, creatinine, and eGFR differed significantly across CKD grades 3-5.The thyroid profile differed significantly across CKD grades 3-5. The lipid profile differed significantly across CKD grades 3-5, with p=0.000, >0.05, 0.000, >0.05, >0.05 for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels, respectively. Conclusions: The number of patients increases with decreasing T3 and T4 and increasing TSH proportionate to the severity of the renal failure, hypothyroidism is becoming more common in people with chronic renal disease.All lipid abnormalities found in CKD on HD have reduced HDL levels in serum along with significant rise in serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol serum LDL level and serum VLDL level.Dyslipidemia in CKD worsened as patientsprogresssed to severe stages with significant increase in TG, TC, VLDLc and TC/HDLc confirming presence of atherogenic lipid profile needing early intervention to prevent cardiovascular complications.
COMPARISON OF ULTRASOUND AND THE ALVARADO SCORE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS : A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN WESTERN MAHARASHTRA
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai., Chitnavis Ninad , Jagtap Dhananjay ,   Junior Resident, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai., Parthiban Akshaya ,   Junior Resident, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai., Reza Shojai Ali ,   Professor, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai.
Published: February 2023

Background :Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 1 in 7. The Alvarado scoring system and ultrasonography play a definite role in diagnosis of acute appendicitis, because of the easy availability, cost effectiveness and being radiation free. According to the analysis, the percentage of Appendicectomies done for a normal appendix mistaken to be Acute Appendicitis was found to be as high as 20%.The following study compares the accuracy of the Alvorado scoring system and Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of Acute appendicitis and examines the value of using both modalities together. Materials and Methods :In this study 100 patients were included with provisional diagnosis of acute appendicitis and admitted and operated in the Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai between January 2021 to November 2022. Alvarado score was applied and ultra sound abdomen was done pre operatively. The decision for surgery was made independent of the score and ultra sound finding. Diagnosis of patients who underwent appendicectomy was confirmed by histopathology report. Results :In the present study, 100 cases were provisionally diagnosed of having acute appendicitis and were operated during the study period.Itwas seen that 95.52% of patients who were thought to be positive by Alvarado score >=7 usually had appendicitis by histopathology where as 4.08% of the patients were normal by histopathological examination. This accounted for 47.96% and 33.33% of the total patients respectively. From this the sensitivity of the Alvarado score is calculated to be 47.96%. Ultrasound alone showed a PPV of 67% and a NPV of 66.7%. Conclusion :In our study, Alvarado score had better sensitivity than ultrasonography. Alvarado score has a high diagnostic value (97.7%). USG has role in ruling out normal appendix and other pathology, with a specificity of 66.67% When we diagnose acute appendicitis based on the individual results of Alvarado score and USG, we get a statistically significant value. Hence as a conclusion of this study, alvaradoscore and USG together could be applied in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis for better outcomes and decision making.
A STUDY ON SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVELS IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors:   3rd Year Postgraduate, Department of General Medicine, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar., Sree Sowmya Sureddi , H. Kalbande Sanjay ,   Professor and HOD of Department of General Medicine, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar.
Published: February 2023

Background Of Study: Magnesium has been implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction and its complication like arrhythmia. Magnesium improves myocardial metabolism and inhibits calcium accumulation and myocardial cell death. It improves vascular tone, peripheral vascular resistance, afterload and cardiac output, reduce cardiac arrhythmias and improves lipid metabolism. Magnesium also reduces vulnerability to oxygen-derived free radicals, improves endothelial function and inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion. Objective: To know the relationship between serum magnesium levels and arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Method: By using a simple random method, 50 cases of acute myocardial infarction were admitted to CHALMEDA ANAND RAO INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, Karimnagar, Telangana. Results: There is a significant difference in Magnesium levels in patients with and without arrhythmias. Conclusion: In acute myocardial infarction, patients with low magnesium levels are more prone to get arrhythmias. So magnesium treatment can be considered in patients with acute myocardial infarction with low magnesium levels.
CONTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENT, RESEARCH AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS TOWARDS DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROPONIC FARMING IN INDIA
Authors:   Research Scholar, School of Commerce, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., B.V Thanushree , Kumar S.V Pradeep ,   Assistant Professor, School of Commerce, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Published: February 2023

In the world around 9 million people die because of hunger and its related diseases. Of the world population 24% live in an area where they cant get sufficient food to survive. ButIndia is a country which exports Rs.9,47,930.77lakh worth of fresh fruits and vegetables and floriculture worth Rs.69,603.49 lakh for the financial year 2021-22 and import exotic fruit and vegetables from other countries. This is because of enrichment in the agricultural methods and techniques that helps in increasing the productivity of the farmers and hydroponic method of farming is one among them. Hydroponic farming is the system of farming where crops are grown without soil but by using water, media and nutrient solution. In hydroponic faming water required is 80-90% less than the traditional farming or soil based farming. Land required is also only 20% of the land which is required for traditional farming to produce same quantity of output. Though the Initial investment and operating expenses are high to install and maintain hydroponic farming, yield and returns are also high.Since India started exporting more food produce and started growing exotic fruits, vegetable and flowers, this would boost the growth of economy of a country. To support, empower and encourage the farmers government of various states are providing subsidy facility up to 25%, 40%, 50% and 75%( percent vary from state to state), since the initial invest and operating expenses are high.Banks and financial institutions are providing loans and financial support with less interest rates and easy repayment modes. In few states, government is proving free training programs for women and physically disabled persons to empower them and to make them independent.
BORDERLINE TUMORS OF THE OVARY
Authors:   Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of University Hospital Mohammed VI of Oujda, Morocco., Stimou Sanae , Taheri Hafsa ,   Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of University Hospital Mohammed VI of Oujda, Morocco., Saadi Hanane ,   Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of University Hospital Mohammed VI of Oujda, Morocco., Mimouni Ahmed ,   Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of University Hospital Mohammed VI of Oujda, Morocco.
Published: February 2023

Borderline tumors of the ovary are lesions that have certain abnormalities, particularly microscopic, common with cancers, nevertheless they are not cancer in the strict sense of the term. The diagnosis of this pathology requires a good expertise in anatomo-pathology because there are several histological variants that can modulate the therapeutic management. They can be located only on one or two ovaries but can also extend to the lymph nodes and/or the peritoneum. These tumors have a very good prognosis overall. The most important prognostic factors are: the stage, the type of peritoneal implants (less good prognosis in case of invasive implants in serous tumors) and the existence of a tumor remnant (in stages II or III). Treatment is primarily surgical. The reference surgery for ovarian tumours (in a patient no longer of childbearing age) is bilateral adnexectomy. However, this surgery must be conservative in a young woman in the case of a stage I or stage II/III tumour but without invasive implants. In case of tumor with peritoneal implants, surgical resection of peritoneal locations is the rule. In macroscopically limited ovarian stages, there is an indication to perform a peritoneal staging (cytology, multiple biopsies and omentectomy) in serous micropapillary forms. Treatment is in the vast majority of cases exclusively surgical (most often conservative - in order to preserve future fertility - in young patients). Indications for chemotherapy are rare. The only indications for chemotherapy are the presence of invasive peritoneal implants and certain forms of lymph node involvement. Follow-up is done on a regular basis, especially in the case of conservative treatment, and is based on a clinical examination, markers and imaging by abdomino-pelvic ultrasound (in patients who have had conservative treatment). Recurrences are not life-threatening since they usually occur in a borderline mode and therefore have a good prognosis. Surveillance beyond 10 years is required (especially after conservative treatment). This surveillance is then based on clinical examination, marker assay and imaging.
Design of nozzle diverter channel system based on uniform distribution performance
Authors: Liu Jianhe , Sun Changqing
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the nozzle-diverted channel system, two diverted channels with different configurations were designed and optimized, and the liquid flow characteristics in the diverted channel were studied. A finite element simulation model was established to analyze the influence of different diverted channel systems on the uniform distribution performance of the liquid, and the two diverted channels were tested for the uniform distribution of liquid flow. The results show that the diverting effect of the two kinds of diverting disk channels is relatively uniform. However, the distribution performance of the four-bifurcated diverting disk channel is better than that of the double-bifurcated diverting disk channel. The pressure loss is relatively less; the energy consumption is less, so the four-bifurcated diverting disk channel system is selected as the optimal design. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results.
Effects of additives on properties of self-skinning polyurethane foam for automobile steering wheel
Authors: Rao Houdong , Zhang Dongyang , Li Jingrui , Zhang Ling , Wang Wenfei
Published: February 2023

Commercialized polyurethane foam products for automobile steering wheels have been committed to the development of products with comprehensive properties such as low density, high production efficiency and environmental protection. Based on this, this article has launched a series of experiments to explore the effects of different types of chain extenders, blowing agents and catalysts on the mechanical properties, cell structure, skin and reactivity of self-skinning polyurethane foams for automobile steering wheels. The results show that the hardness and tensile strength of the foam gradually decrease with the chain growth of small molecular chain extenders (ethylene glycol, 1.3-propanediol, 1.4-butanediol), and the elongation at break increases gradually. The foaming agent formic acid is more conducive than water as it favors the formation of small but compact cells, thus dense skin. The catalytic efficiency of non-reactive catalysts (A1, KC101 and DabcoEG) is higher than that of reactive catalysts (LED-103, ZR-50, DPA). The theoretical research for the development of high-performance and high-efficiency polyurethane foam products for automobile steering wheels.
Energy intensity study for soil transportation by inertial rotor
Authors: Kozbagarov Rustem , Zhussupov Kenes , Kaliyev Yerbol , Yessengaliyev Manarbek , Kamzanov Nurbol
Published: February 2023

In recent years, research has been underway to create working bodies of excavation machines that allow digging soil at higher speeds. One of these new types of machines are excavation and transport machines with an inertial bottom discharge rotor. The paper presents the results of studies of high-speed digging and proposes a method for determining the average values of the energy intensity of soil transportation, and the proposed equations can be recommended for calculating the inertial rotor. The table of costs of specific energy consumption and productivity from the speed of rotation of the rotor at constant chip sizes is given. The analysis of studies showed that the energy intensity increases with an increase in the speed of rotation of the rotor, and the productivity grows according to a linear law. The inertial-type rotor during the test proved to be quite efficient, and the performance of the tested rotor is four times higher than that of the existing gravity-type rotor.
The performance of double-layer rubber sealing ring under the action of low temperature environment
Authors: Jiang Jiguang , Li Xiaotian , Su Chengzhi , Hou Xiaolong , Qi Kun , Zeng Yue
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the sealing failure of a water quality monitoring system in a low-temperature environment, a double rubber O-ring sealing structure was designed, and its sealing performance at low temperatures was studied. Finite element software ANSYS constructed the sealing structure, and the change of sealing performance of rubber O-ring in the process of standard temperature installation and low temperature was studied by a two-dimensional axisymmetric model. The results show that the equivalent strain and stress of the sealing structure show an increasing trend during the installation process. With the effect of the medium pressure, the maximum contact stress of the rubber seal ring increases from 2.6285 MPa at 20 ℃ to 2.6657 MPa at 0 ℃. The contact width decreases gradually with the decrease in temperature. With the initial compression rate increase, the maximum contact stress increases significantly. The simulation results show that the double-layer rubber O-ring structure still has good sealing performance at low temperatures.
ZnCohydrotalcite on Ni foam for high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Yang Yubin , Zhu Shaomin , Xu Hongfeng
Published: February 2023

In this paper, hierarchical three-dimensional porous flower of ZnCohydrotalcite non-planar nanosheets were prepared on the surface of Ni foam by in-situ hydrothermal method. Within this material, the foam Ni acted as structural support and nickel sources providing additional active components. This ZnCohydrotalcite demonstrated to have an high specific capacitance reaching 5437.6 mF cm-2 at 10 mA cm-2 when the ratio of Zn:Co was 2:8 in precursors. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor with obtained ZnCohydrotalcite as anode while activated carbon as cathode exhibited high electrochemical property (30.1 F g-1) and 84.3 % capacitance retention after 20000 cycles at 1 A g-1.
Analysis and practice of reducing emissions of pollutants from road transport into the atmospheric air of the city of Almaty
Authors: Jailaybekov Yerkin A. , Berkinbayev Galym D. , Yakovleva Natalia A.
Published: February 2023

The key environmental problem of the city of Almaty is atmospheric air pollution. The objective of the study was to forecast changes in emissions of pollutants in the city of Almaty, taking into account various scenarios for the development of motor transport. Based on research and calculations, environmental quality targets for Almaty for the period up to 2025 on emissions of pollutants from motor vehicles have been compiled and approved. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of vehicle emissions in the city in 2017 and 2022 is given. Measures have been developed to reduce emissions of pollutants by road into the environment of the city of Almaty.
Assessment of carbon dioxide emissions in road transport, using exhaust gas cleaning technology, in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Bakyt Gabit , Jailaubekov Yerkin , Abdullayev Seidulla , Ashirbayev Galymzhan , Ashirbayeva Irina
Published: February 2023

Approaches are presented for calculating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated by the use of exhaust gas purification technology based on urea catalysts. To reduce harmful substances in the exhaust gases for diesel-fueled automobile engines, the need for SCR technology is justified. It is shown that the main source of emissions is diesel freight transport, while it is advisable to carry out calculations from 2010, and not from 2005, as a number of foreign experts insist. The working scheme of the integrated cleaning system of diesel engines of passenger cars has been developed. An integrated cleaning system for automotive engines has been developed. Additional emissions are very small and account for less than one percent of the CO2 emissions generated from the operation of all road transport. According to the results of the calculations, it was obtained that the share of emissions from the use of urea additives is very small to the emissions of СО2 formed during direct combustion of fuel.
Developing of a wearable ankle rehabilitation robotic device
Authors: Zhetenbayev Nursultan , Balbayev Gani , Aknur Duisebayeva , Zhauyt Algazy , Shingissov Beibit
Published: February 2023

People with walking disorders caused by accidents or stroke can undergo treatment to restore their mobility. Traditional therapy is time-consuming and time-consuming. Therefore, a new trend was born – to facilitate rehabilitation and reduce the patient’s time. Rehabilitation robotics is an area that is constantly evolving, and new mechanisms have recently been developed to help people regain their mobility. This paper presents a 3-RPS parallel manipulator for the restoration of the ankle joint with three degrees of freedom. Parallel manipulator 3-RPS with three degrees of freedom, which was introduced by K. Hunt in 1983 as one of the sedentary parallel manipulators. Since then, 3-RPS has attracted a lot of attention from robotics and biomedical engineering engineers.
Dynamics of a vibratory screening conveyor equipped with a controllable centrifugal exciter
Authors: Kachur Oleksandr , Korendiy Vitaliy , Lanets Oleksii , Kachmar Roman , Nazar Ihor , Heletiy Volodymyr
Published: February 2023

Vibratory screening, sieving, and conveying processes are widely used in various industries. Among a great variety of vibration exciters, the unbalanced rotors are the most reliable, simple, and widespread ones. Due to the changeable operating conditions of vibratory equipment, in some cases, there occurs a necessity to control the disturbance (excitation) parameters of the corresponding drives. The primary purpose of this study is to substantiate the design parameters and analyze the dynamic characteristics of the vibratory screening conveyor based on the single-mass oscillatory system, and equipped with the controllable centrifugal exciter. The research methodology consists of several basic stages: developing the conveyor’s dynamic diagram and deducing the differential equations of the system’s motion; designing the machine’s 3D-model and defining its main geometrical and inertial parameters; numerical modeling of the system’s oscillations in the Mathematica software; simulating the conveyor’s operation in the SolidWorks software. The research results present the time dependencies of the conveyor’s working member kinematic parameters at different eccentricities of the unbalanced mass. The main scientific novelty of this research is substantiating the idea and possibilities of implementing the enhanced controllable centrifugal exciter for changing the disturbance (excitation) conditions of the vibratory screening and conveying machines. The proposed ideas and obtained results can be used by researchers and designers of similar equipment while developing control systems for regulating its operational efficiency (performance) in accordance with the changeable loading conditions or technological requirements.
Factors affecting sanitation coverage in three income levels and potential toward achieving SDG 6.2
Authors: Bankole Abayomi Oluwatobiloba , James Abraham Olamilekan , Odjegba Enovwo Erere , Bankole Afolashade Racheal , Emmanuel Babajide I. , Fiore Fabiana A. , Pu Jaan H. , Moruzzi Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

An equitable sanitation coverage promotes sustainability, economic prosperity, and public health protection. This study examined factors affecting sanitation coverage and the potential of selected countries across three income levels (Low-Income, Lower-Middle, and Upper-Middle Income Countries) to meet Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 by developing a Sanitation Coverage Index (SCI). Nine developing countries were selected based on the following sets of criteria: income level, population, and geographical region. Twenty years (2000–2020) of sanitation coverage data were extracted from the JMP database and visualized. The SCI was developed using the service level criteria and examined the local drivers of poor sanitation coverage. Findings show that all countries studied made good progress and have commendable current status, except Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Nigeria. Nigeria has the highest open defecation coverage and may not meet the 2030 target. The SCI result shows that Turkey, Ukraine, and China have excellent coverage (scoring: 44, 43, and 40). Brazil, Bangladesh, and DPR Korea have satisfactory performances (36, 31, and 31), while Nigeria, Rwanda, and Ethiopia recorded unsatisfactory progress (28, 27, and 16). The strongest factors influencing poor coverage include population, high socioeconomic inequalities, and socio-political challenges. Therefore, the institutionalization of minimum acceptable standards, adequate sensitization, and funding could improve sanitation coverage in the countries assessed.
Study of the cause of the generation of odor compounds (geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol) in the Han River system, the drinking water source, Republic of Korea
Authors: Jeong Hwan Byun , Kim Hun Nyun , Kang Tae Gu , Kim Baik-Ho , Byeon Myeong-Seop
Published: February 2023

Paldang Lake in the Han River system is an important source for supplying drinking water. Recently, the occurrence of odor compounds geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), in Lake Paldang has adversely affected the drinking water supply. The causative organisms of odor compounds have not been identified. Thus, this study analyzed the correlation between odor compounds and microorganisms and identified the odor-producing microorganisms in the Han River system. Odor compounds were primarily detected in the Bukhan River system but not in the Namhan River system. Geosmin was detected at high concentrations in summer, whereas 2-MIB was detected at high concentrations in summer and autumn. Microorganisms that appeared at the time of geosmin occurrence were actinobacteria (0.317, p < 0.01) and Dolichospermum (0.326, p < 0.01) among cyanobacteria, and the correlation was significant. The occurrence of 2-MIB mainly coincided with actinobacteria (0.745, p < 0.01) and Pseudanabaena (0.321, p < 0.01) among cyanobacteria, and the correlation was significant. Therefore, to manage the odor compounds in Lake Paldang, which is a drinking water source, it is important to control the appearance of actinobacteria and cyanobacteria in the Bukhan River system.
Анизотропия парамагнитной восприимчивости дираковского полуметалла Cd-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-As-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-, обусловленная примесью хрома: ЭПР на ионах Cr-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=-
Authors: Горюнов Ю.В. , Натепров А.Н.
Published: February 2023

In the literature devoted to magnetic impurities in Dirac semimetals, the appearance of anisotropic and long-range non-oscillating contributions to the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction is predicted. These contributions are due to the hybridization of the wave functions of magnetic impurities with the wave functions of Dirac electrons, which have a linear dispersion law. We have studied electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in powder samples of topological 3D Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 with an admixture of chromium ions. Anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility in the paramagnetic state was found from the behavior of the resonance field. The appearance of magnetic anisotropy in the paramagnetic state is associated with an increase in the contribution of the orbital moments of chromium ions Cr2+ and Cr3+ due to their interaction with the orbital moments of donor Dirac electrons, which have anomalously large values of g factors.
Влияние ориентации игольчатых включений NiSb на температурную зависимость сопротивления в монокристаллах Cd-=SUB=-0.95-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-0.05-=/SUB=-Sb
Authors: Захвалинский В.С. , Пилюк Е.А. , Кочура А.В. , Моргун Л.А. , Давыдов А.Б. , Зо Хтет Аунг , Родионов В.В. , Аронзон Б.А.
Published: February 2023

A composite Cd0.95Ni0.05Sb crystal consisting of CdSb and NiSb inclusions was obtained by the modified Bridgman method. It was shown by the methods of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and studies of Raman spectra, that the main CdSb matrix was a block single crystal (orthorhombic Pbca structure) containing microcrystalline acicular inclusions of the second NiSb phase (hexagonal structure of the NiAs type P63/mmc). It has been found that the anisotropy of single-crystal NiSb needles in samples of the Cd0.95Ni0.05Sb crystalline composite (needles are directed along and across the current direction) significantly affects the resistance and magnetoresistance of the crystal. The interface is a needle-like inclusion - the matrix can become superconducting, which affects the conductivity of the composite as a whole. However, this superconductivity is insufficient for the transition at the experimental temperatures to the superconducting phase with zero resistance of the composite.
Широкополосная ЭПР-спектроскопия кристалла Lu-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-Al-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-12-=/SUB=-:Tb-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=-
Authors: Асатрян Г.Р. , Шакуров Г.С. , Ованесян К.Л. , Петросян А.Г.
Published: February 2023

In a single crystal of lutetium aluminum garnet (Lu3Al5O12, LuAG) in the frequency range of 37–210 GHz, at a temperature of 4.2 K, the EPR spectra of non-Kramers Tb3+ impurity ions were recorded. The measurement results indicate that Tb3+ ions replace Y3+ ions in the dodecahedral position with local D2 symmetry. The value of the g factor, the hyperfine structure constant, and the energy interval between the ground and the first excited nondegenerate sublevels of the ground multiplet are determined. Weak satellite signals were also registered, the origin of which is associated with the formation of antisite defects in the environment of paramagnetic Tb3+ centers.
Магнитные свойства и магнитокалорический эффект в пленках и микропроводах Gd
Authors: Коплак О.В. , Кашин С.H. , Королев Д.В. , Жидков М.В. , Пискорский В.П. , Валеев Р.А. , Моргунов Р.Б.
Published: February 2023

An analysis of the temperature and field dependences of the magnetization of Gd films and microwires was carried out, as well as an isothermal measurement of the magnetic part of the entropy at the Curie temperature. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE), measured as an isothermal increase in the magnetic part of the entropy, in microwires shows two peaks on the temperature dependence of the magnetic part of the entropy, in contrast to one peak in films. In films and microwires, the entropy maximum at 286–293 K, which corresponds to the Curie temperature, depends on the magnetic field, shifting in the same way in films and microwires with an increase in the field at the orientation of the MgO (111) substrate, which provides the maximum mechanical stresses in Gd. In microwires, the second maximum does not change the temperature of 320 K as the field increases to 9 T, but its amplitude increases linearly with the field. This maximum can be caused by a spin-reorientation transition.
Пластическое течение в твердых растворах Cu-Ni как автоволновой процесс
Authors: Баранникова С.А. , Зуев Л.Б. , Надежкин М.В.
Published: February 2023

The influence of Ni content in Cu-Ni alloys on the localization of plastic flow under uniaxial tension has been studied. The regularities of localization of plastic deformation during linear and parabolic deformation hardening, as well as at the yield point, depending on the Ni content in the solid solution, have been studied by the speckle photography method. The influence of the Ni content on the duration of the stages of parabolic deformation hardening in alloys of different composition was found. The dependence of the spatial period of localization of plastic deformation (the length of the localization autowave) on the Ni content in the studied alloys is established. Keywords: localization of plastic deformation, autowaves, copper-nickel alloys, structure, mechanical properties, deformation and impurity hardening.
Разработка и характеристика магнитных наночастиц Co-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Zn-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- (0≤ x≤6.0) для биомедицинских применений
Authors: Камзин А.С. , Obaidat I.M. , Семенов В.Г. , Narayanaswamy V. , Al-Omari I.A. , Issa B. , Бурьяненко И.В.
Published: February 2023

The results of studies of the properties of co-deposition of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of Co1-xZnxFe2O4 spinel ferrites synthesized (at x=0.0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6) in order to create magnetic particles for biomedicine. X-ray diffraction (RD), raman scattering of light, magnetic measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy (MS) were used to study the obtained Co1-xZnxFe2O4 MNPs. It was found that the synthesized MNCs CoxZn1-xFe2O4 are single-phase. According to the results of RD measurements, it was found that the average sizes of crystallites are 13 nm for CoFe2O4 (x=0) and, with an increase in the Zn concentration, they decrease to 7 nm for Co1-xZnxFe2O4 (x=0.6), which is consistent with the Mössbauer data, which showed that the sizes of crystallites vary from 14 to 8 nm. In the raman spectra of the Co1-xZnxFe2O4 MNF in the region of ~620 cm-1, splitting of the A1g line is observed, indicating that the studied particles have an inverse spinel structure. Changing the ratio of peak intensities A1g
Органическая макромолекула на графене со структурными дефектами: оценки перехода заряда и энергии адгезии
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю.
Published: February 2023

The previously proposed model of dengling bonds of an organic macromolecule (MM) adsorbed on an ideal single-layer graphene (SLG) is generalized to the presence of structural defects in SLG: inclusions of two-layer or amorphous graphene. Analytical estimates of the charge transition between MM and the substrate and the adhesion energy are obtained.
Влияние шероховатости барьерного слоя на формирования наночастиц катализатора роста углеродных нанотрубок
Authors: Булярский С.В. , Дудин А.А. , Литвинова К.И. , Павлов А.А. , Рудаков Г.А.
Published: February 2023

This article compares TiN layers produced by electron beam evaporation (EBE) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) for the effect of barrier layer deposition technology on the formation of carbon nanotube (CNT) growth catalyst nanoparticles. The layers obtained by EBE have a roughness 1.5 times higher than the layers deposited by the ALD method (Ra = 1 nm and Ra = 0.6 nm). Nanoparticles formed on the surface of the EBE layer are characterized by a large average size (about 30 nm) and a 1.3 times greater dispersion of the distribution compared to nanoparticles formed on the ALD layer. TiN layers obtained by EBE are characterized by better surface wettability in comparison with ALD layers. The contact angle for catalyst nanoparticles on the surface of the EBE layer of TiN is about 30 degrees and approaches 90 degrees for ALD layers. Catalyst spreading is due to the Wenzel model. It is shown that the higher surface roughness of the EBE samples is associated with the crystallization of TiN, since the layer formation process proceeds at a higher temperature compared to the ALD process. For this reason, the use of barrier layers obtained by the ALD method is preferable for the formation of CNT growth catalyst nanoparticles on their surface.
Влияние высокотемпературного отжига на физико-химические свойства систем на основе FeSi-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Николичев Д.Е. , Крюков Р.Н. , Здоровейщев А.В. , Кузнецов Ю.М. , Здоровейщев Д.А. , Дудин Ю.А. , Дорохин М.В. , Скрылев А.А.
Published: February 2023

It has been established that the physicochemical properties of structures based on iron silicides formed by ion implantation of iron ions into silicon depend significantly on the time of subsequent high-temperature annealing. Objects with different geometric parameters are formed on the surface and the roughness increases. Annealing at 1000 C in an Ar atmosphere is accompanied by a decrease in the content of the Fe-Si chemical bonds during the first 60 seconds. The reason for the drop in thermal conductivity with increasing annealing temperature is the formation of silicide complexes.
Comparing Smoked Fish Quality of Traditional and Improved Modern Ovens Using Dendro-Energy from Mangrove and Tropical Forest Woods and Implications for Conservation in Central African Atlantic Coast, Cameroon
Authors: N. Ajonina Gordon , Mumbang Coleen , Therese Ngo Oum Jacqueline , Momo Dogmo Fani , Tomedi Eyango Minette , Tchoumbougnang Francois
Published: February 2023

Smoked fish qualitative organoleptic parameters (color, smell, texture and taste) and quantitative proximate parameters (protein and ash content and salt mineral: Ca, Iron, Mg, Zn content in ash) of two species (Ethmalosa fimbriata and Pseudotolithus elongatus) smoked in traditional and modern ovens with wood from mangrove (Rhizophora racemosa) and two tropical forest (Sacoglottis gabonensis and Albizia glaberrina) species in Douala-Edea Atlantic coast, Cameroon are presented. Women processors significantly spend more time, consume more wood and consequently release significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the environment with traditional smoking system. Organoleptic characteristics were significantly different with ovens types but not with different wood species except color (black and marron from inland forest wood species and preferred brownish and golden brown colored smoked fish from mangrove wood). Fish food constituents yielded for improved smoked oven:  Protein content (65.52%; 69.45%), ash content (6.21%; 5.57%) and traditional oven: Protein content (70.65%; 75.00%), ash content (5.73%; 6.33%) for Ethmalosa fimbriata and Pseudotolithus elongatus respectively. Results also confirmed good dietary quality of fish samples (source of calcium, iron and magnesium). Some energy efficient management techniques and conservation implications were proposed regarding qualitative and quantitative improvement of smoked fish.
Schizophrenia, Losers and the Soothing Reduction of Stress
Authors: - Anon
Published: February 2023

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СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫЕ МЕТАЛЛОКЕРАМИЧЕСКИЕ КОРПУСА С ИНТЕГРИРОВАННЫМИ И ЛОКАЛЬНЫМИ РАДИАЦИОННО-­ЗАЩИТНЫМИ ЭКРАНАМИ
Authors: Алонцев А. , Грабчиков С.
Published: February 2023

В настоящее время актуальность обеспечения и повышения радиационной
стойкости электронной компонентной базы (ЭКБ) очевидна и реализуется
в основном технологическим (применением специальных технологических
процессов и материалов при изготовлении интегральных микросхем),
схемотехническим и конструкционным способами. В АО «ТЕСТПРИБОР»
разработаны материалы и технология, которые могут быть использованы
для изготовления корпусов нового поколения ЭКБ, применяемой
в аппаратуре ракетной и космической техники для обеспечения
повышенных требований к радиационной устойчивости.
В ПРИОРИТЕТЕ – ОСВОЕНИЕ НОВЫХ, КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Authors: Буйневич А.
Published: February 2023

Минское предприятие ОАО «Интеграл» хорошо известно на российском
рынке производителей электроники – прежде всего своими интегральными
микросхемами, перечень которых содержит несколько тысяч наименований,
а также широким спектром дискретных полупроводниковых приборов.
В этом году компания отмечает свой 60‑летний юбилей. О том, как развивалось предприятие в последние годы, какие задачи стоят перед ним сегодня, а также
о востребованности различных микроэлектронных технологий в мире
и общем состоянии глобального и российского рынка ЭКБ мы
поговорили с генеральным директором ОАО «Интеграл» – управляющая
компания холдинга «Интеграл» Андреем Сергеевичем Буйневичем, руководящим
предприятием с октября 2022 года.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДОВ АЛГОРИТМИЗАЦИИ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ИМИТАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Authors: Лийн Е. , Хомутская О. , Ванцов С.
Published: February 2023

Общим местом в настоящее время является факт увеличения
спектра выпускаемой приборостроительной продукции на
фоне уменьшения величин партий изготавливаемых изделий.
Эта тенденция означает, что приборостроительное производство,
значительной частью которого являются электронные изделия
и, в частности, комплектующие и устройства авионики,
становится всё более мелкосерийным, что вступает в противоречие
с требованием увеличения эффективности использования
производственных фондов, основным критерием которой является
коэффициент загрузки производственного оборудования.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА В ОБЛАСТИ ГОЗ. ЗАСЕДАНИЕ СЕКЦИИ ПО ВОЕННО-­ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ И БЮДЖЕТУ ЭКСПЕРТНОГО СОВЕТА ПРИ КОМИТЕТЕ СОВЕТА ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ПО ОБОРОНЕ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Ковалевский Ю.
Published: February 2023

23 ноября 2022 года состоялось заседание Секции по военно-промышленной
политике и бюджету Экспертного совета при Комитете Совета Федерации
по обороне и безопасности на тему «О совершенствовании нормативного
правового обеспечения государственного оборонного заказа в условиях
внешнеэкономических санкций». На мероприятии обсуждались
вопросы правоприменительной практики законодательства в сфере ГОЗ,
изменения нормативно-правовой
базы, внесенные в 2022 году, а также
предложения по ее дальнейшему совершенствованию.
КОНТРАКТНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ИС. ВЕДУЩИЕ МИРОВЫЕ КРЕМНИЕВЫЕ ЗАВОДЫ РАЗВИВАЮТ МОЩНОСТИ
Authors: Макушин А.
Published: February 2023

На рынке услуг кремниевых заводов (контрактное производство ИС)
начинают происходить серьезные подвижки. Они во многом связаны
с противостоянием КНР и США. Вводимые против КНР санкции
подрывают позиции китайских кремниевых заводов. Нагнетаемое
США напряжение вокруг Тайваня способствует размещению новых
мощностей тайваньских кремниевых заводов на территории США
с выводом туда части научно-исследовательского
и производственного
персонала (вместе с семьями). Принятие 9 августа 2022 года в США
закона CHIPS and Science Act побуждает американские фирмы
расширять производственную базу на территории своей страны,
причем значительная их часть будет работать по модели кремниевого
завода. Наконец, на рынок кремниевых заводов выходит один из
крупнейших производителей ИС – корпорация Micron Technology.
КРУПНОСЕРИЙНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ: СПЕЦИФИКА РОССИЙСКОЙ СБОРКИ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ – РЕАЛИИ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛ РЫНКА
Authors: Лишик С.
Published: February 2023

НПО «Цифровые телевизионные системы» – одна
из ведущих в России площадок контрактного
производства. Предприятие оказывает полный
комплекс услуг по сборке потребительской
электроники – от поверхностного монтажа
компонентов на плате до упаковки готового изделия.
На мощностях завода локализовано производство
для целого ряда российских компаний. Здесь
серийно выпускают компьютерную технику
и комплектующие, бытовую и потребительскую
электронику, электронику для ЖКХ и систем
безопасности. Технический директор НПО «Цифровые
телевизионные системы» Станислав Александрович
Лишик рассказал нам о ключевых аспектах
крупносерийного контрактного производства
электроники, которые критичны для рынка.
КОНТРАКТНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО АО «ЗПП», ЕГО РИСКИ И ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА
Authors: Шакирова Е. , Шугаепов Ш. , Ермолаев Е. , Егошин В.
Published: February 2023

В мировой практике контрактное производство уже достаточно давно
является глобальным трендом во многих отраслях промышленности.
Однако в России рынок предоставляемых услуг по изготовлению
различной продукции или комплектующих по контракту в сфере
производства только начинает развиваться. Причиной тому была не
столько отсталая материально-техническая
база, сколько недостаток
информации о принципах функционирования, организации,
широкомасштабного взаимодействия и управления такой системой
производства. За последние несколько лет, с тех пор как появились
предприятия новой формации с современным оборудованием, а бизнес-модель
контрактного производства стала понятной во всех тонкостях,
ситуация заметно изменилась. Российские мощности становятся
все более востребованными у отечественных и мировых компаний
в качестве поставщика аутсорсинговых услуг. В статье рассмотрено
применение контрактного производства в АО «Завод полупроводниковых
приборов» (АО «ЗПП») для изготовления устройств контактирующих (УК).
АНТЕННЫЕ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧАТЕЛИ. ЧАСТЬ 5
Authors: Кочемасов В. , Сафин А. , Дингес С.
Published: February 2023

В первой, второй, третьей и четвертой частях статьи, опубликованных
в седьмом, восьмом, девятом и десятом номерах журнала
«ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА: Наука, Технология, Бизнес» за 2022 год, было рассказано
о различных антенных приемопередающих переключателях. В данном
номере рассматривается еще несколько типов таких переключателей.
Chronic Kidney Disease Detection with Appropriate Diet Plan
Authors: Raina Anubhav , S Nandini S , Purbey Ritik Mrinal , Kumar Hemant , Tajuddin Dr. Mohd
Published: February 2023

Abstract: CKD doesn't have any distinct symptoms, it can be difficult to anticipate and prevent, which may result in long-term health issues. Here, it was intended to reduce diagnostic lead time and boost precision. The major goal of this work is to develop a predictive model for chronic kidney disease using data analysis and several machine learning techniques. Accuracy will be determined by contrasting various algorithms, including SVM, Random forest, and Naive Bayes. Based on information gathered from patient records, the algorithm determines whether a patient has chronic kidney disease and, if so, the severity of the condition based on blood potassium levels and a recommended diet.
Flutter-Modern and Easy Technology to Build Applications
Authors: Patil Vaibhav Pravin , Jagtap Dhiraj , Khodke Sujay , Jagdale Omprasad , Shitole Abhishek
Published: February 2023

Abstract: As the today’s world is concerned with speed and ease of the people , the need and growth of this aspects is also required in the application of the mobile development . This paper focuses on the android development technologies used in development of applications .In the growing world of technologies. During advancement of modern world applications have became a major part of everyone’s daily life . In todays life how complexity can be reduced is given more importance . There are various platforms which can be used for development of applications for windows , MAC , IOS, android ,etc. One of the popular one is Android Studio .Flutter is a framework like used for development of applications . It is open source SDK tool used for developing mobile applications for iOS and Android operating systems . The following paper describes the advantages of flutter tool over other development tools .