bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Carbon Structure of DLC Coatings on Friction Characteristics of MoDTC-derived Tribofilm by Using an in situ reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Hashizume Naoya , Yamamoto Yusei , Chen Cheng , Tokoroyama Takayuki , Zhang Ruixi , Diao Dongfeng , Umehara Noritsugu
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we prepared 6 types of DLC coatings with varying carbon structures (amorphous ta-C coating and GNC coatings that include nano graphite crystals) and different doped Ta amounts to study friction characteristics. Results from the friction test with MoDTC-added lubricant revealed that DLC coatings with a higher ID/IG ratio exhibited a lower friction coefficient. Furthermore, in situ observations using a reflectance spectroscopy showed that the tribofilm formed on the DLC coatings with a higher ID/IG ratio maintained a higher MoS2 / (MoS2 + MoO3) ratio. This ratio strongly correlated with its friction coefficient. From the measurement of a work function of each DLC coating, the DLC coatings with a higher ID/IG ratio had a higher work function, which indicated to include larger amount of the defect of graphite structure. This active defect of graphite structure was considered to enhance the friction reduction effect of MoDTC. The findings of this paper suggest a material design concept for a DLC coating that amplifies the effects of lubricant additives in reducing friction.
Prenatal and postnatal development of the New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) teeth: An emphasis on histological and computed tomography aspects
Authors: Haddad Seham , Abdel-Megeed Nazema , Abumnadour Mohamed
Published: October 2023

The study reveals that New Zealand white rabbit teeth do not exhibit histomorphogenesis. The teeth development was examined in 28 rabbits from prenatal ages (E19, E23, E25, and E28), neonates (E30), and postnatal age (one and fourteen days). Rabbit teeth first appeared at 19 days of prenatal life as an ectodermal epithelial thickening on each side of the mouth opening. At E23, tooth regular construction is framed from enamel, dentine, and pulp cavity. The peg incisor appearance is visible on the lingual surface of the upper major incisor. Teeth prenatal development went through successive stages like initiation, bud, cap, late bell, maturation, and crown stages. The teeth are composed of the enamel organ and dense mesenchymal tissue. Teeth develop consistently throughout life, having expanded enamel thickness, being diphyodont teeth, having two continuous dentitions, being deciduous and perpetual, with long crown teeth and an open root.
Osteosarcoma cells relate functionally with stromal cells favoring a lung niche permissive for the establishment of metastatic tumor cells
Authors: Alvarez Matías J.P. Valenzuela , Gutierrez Luciana M. , Bayo Juan , Cantero María José , Garcia Mariana , Bolontrade Marcela F
Published: October 2023

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone tumor and 20% of the patients are diagnosed with metastatic OS at first diagnosis. Undetectable metastases at the time of diagnosis are also a major complication. MSCs display abilities that enable tumor growth. We demonstrated that in vitro, MSCs migrated more towards the secretome of non-metastatic OS cells. When challenged to a secretome from lungs pre-loaded with OS cells, MSCs migrated more towards lungs colonized with metastatic OS cells. Furthermore, MSCs had a preferential migratory and homing behavior in vivo towards lungs´ colonized by metastatic OS cells. In addition, metastatic OS cells showed a higher migratory response towards the MSCs secretome. This feature partnered with increased CTSD expression and release of active MMP2 by metastatic OS cells. We assessed two complementary tumor capabilities relevant to metastatic spread, highlighting the importance of inherent cell features, but also underlining the importance of signaling integration across the niche, suggesting that an interplay of migratory responses between already established OS cells in the lungs, prometastatic OS cells in the primary tumor, and circulating MSCs. Pulmonary metastases remain as a major determinant of OS mortality, and identification of mechanisms and differentially expressed genes would help identify markers and targets for therapeutic approaches of metastatic spread.
The effect of PID control scheme on the course-keeping of ship in oblique stern waves
Authors: Li Yunbo
Published: October 2023

Sailing in oblique stern waves causes a ship to make sharp turns and uncontrollable course deviation, which is accompanied by a large heel and sometimes leads to capsizing. Studying the control algorithm in oblique stern waves is imperative because an excellent controller scheme can improve the ship’s course-keeping stability. This paper uses the Maneuvering Modelling Group (MMG) method based on hydrodynamic derivatives and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based self-navigation simulation to simulate ship navigation in waves. This study examines the effect of proportion-integral-derivative (PID) controller schemes on the stability of course maintenance based on hydrodynamic derivatives and 3DOF MMG methods. Then, the optimized PID control parameters are used to simulate the ship’s 6DOF self-propulsion navigation in oblique waves using the CFD method. The nonlinear phenomena during the process, such as side-hull emergency, slamming, and green water, are considered. This study found that the range of the control bandwidth should be optimized based on the ship's heading and wave parameters.
WASH FIT implementation in Rohingya camps in Cox's Bazar Bangladesh – results after 1 year
Authors: Kabir Ahammadul , Shahnewaz Morshed Mohammad , Arif Hossain Mohammad , Assefa Wassie Bizuneh , Haque Bhuiyan Abu Toha Md Rezuanul , Hayter Arabella , Evers Egmond
Published: October 2023

Water, sanitation, and healthcare waste management are essential services in healthcare facilities to ensure the quality of care and minimize infection risk. World Health Organization (WHO) Cox Bazar's sub-office supported the implementation of the Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool in 21 purposively selected HCFs in Rohingya refugee settlements. A total of 16 WASH FIT indicators from three of the seven WASH FIT domains (five on water, five on sanitation, and six on healthcare waste management) were monitored for 1 year employing a mixed method approach. After 1 year 67% of indicators in all three domains met minimum WASH FIT standards, indicating a significant (p ≤ 0.01) contribution to improved quality of care compared to 29% at the start in August 2018. By domain, 81% of water indicators (vs. 67% at the start), 76 vs. 24% for sanitation, and 48 vs. 33% for healthcare waste management met standards. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions affirm improvement in all three domains, including quality of care, staff satisfaction, and awareness of occupational risks and mitigation measures. Challenges remain, including limited budget, lack of leadership and absence of formal programs for improving water supply infrastructure, sanitation and healthcare waste management.
Spatial and temporal analysis of drought resistance of different vegetation in the Ta-pieh Mountains based on multi-source data
Authors: Li Huimin , Ning Shaowei , Zhou Yuliang , Wu Chengguo , Cui Yi , Jin Juliang , Xu Xiaoyan , Rong A. , Cheng Yang
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the ecological and environmental safety of Ta-pieh Mountain. Drought episodes can lead to ecological problems such as vegetation damage. Therefore, quantifying the response of vegetation to drought is essential for ecological management. The study utilized normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and precipitation datasets from 1999 to 2019 to derive seasonal NDVI and standardized precipitation index (SPI) data. Using Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance test analysis, we initially examined the characteristics of vegetation and drought for the 21-year time series. SPI is used to investigate and assess the occurrence and severity of drought in the research region. Then, the strength and variability of cropland, woodland, and grassland drought resistance in the Ta-pieh Mountains were discussed using the ratio of coefficient of variation (RCV). Finally, the cross-spectrum was used to calculate the vegetation lag time to drought. The study found that NDVI increased across all seasons, while SPI increased in spring and autumn and decreased in summer and winter. The spring drought had the most significant impact on vegetation. Cropland showed the highest improvement in drought tolerance and woodland showed the highest drought tolerance. The lagged response periods of cropland, woodlands, and grassland to drought were 1.62 months, 8.94 months, and 2.49 months, respectively. These findings provide a scientific basis for the management and preservation of the ecology of the Ta-pieh Mountains.
Sequestration of Pb2+ from aqueous solution using bio-based-alkaline modified sorbent from waste Irvingia gabonensis seed husk
Authors: Abugu Hillary Onyeka , Alum Ogechi L. , Ihedioha Janefrances N. , Ezugwu Arinze L. , Ucheana Ifeanyi A. , Ali Ibeabuchi J. , Eze Samson I.
Published: October 2023

The unmodified and modified Irvingia gabonensis (IG) were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental conditions revealed the optimum adsorption efficiency was achieved at pH 6 within 30 min. FTIR spectra showed an observable shift in peaks attributed to the pretreatment with NaOH that necessitated the breakdown of the organic compounds. It was established from the SEM image under different magnifications that the surface morphology of the biosorbent consists of heterogeneous layers and pore cavities which acted as potential sites for Pb2+ adsorption. However, there was a considerable increase in the BET surface area, pore size, and pore width on the modified biosorbent compared to the unmodified biosorbent though this did not translate into higher adsorption capacity. The experimental data were best fitted with the Temkim isotherm model suggesting heterogeneous uptake of Pb2+ onto the base-modified Irvingia gabonensis seed husk. The maximum adsorption capacity was 2.58 mg/g and the kinetic model is best described with the pseudo-second-order reaction suggesting a chemical adsorption mechanism. The two error functions (HYBRID and MPSD) suggested the pseudo-second-order reaction mechanism in the adsorption of Pb2+ onto the base-modified Irvingia gabonensis.
A method for setting the term of water rights trading based on loss–benefit function
Authors: Xu Hao , Chen Liuxin , Li Qiongfang
Published: October 2023

At present, water rights trading is used by many countries around the world to solve the problems of water resource shortage and uneven spatial and temporal distribution. However, there is no scientific method for setting the term of water rights trading, which is generally determined through negotiation between the trading parties. In order to find a more objective method for determining the term of water rights trading, we constructed a loss–benefit model about the term of water rights trading and solved it based on the principle of comprehensive benefits greater than zero to determine the optimal term of water rights trading. First, we analyzed the benefits and losses brought by water rights trading, then constructed a loss–benefit function with trading term as the independent variable. Second, based on the graphical analysis method, we analyzed the benefits and losses of water rights trading. Finally, the optimal term for water rights trading is determined based on the loss–benefit function and combined with a graphical analysis method. In addition, this study can also help us determine the longest or shortest water rights trading term based on actual situations.
Culture conditions for mycelial growth of eight Philippine wild strains of tiger sawgill mushroom, Lentinus tigrinus
Authors: Kalaw Sofronio P. , Dulay Rich Milton , Damaso Jr. Eduardo , Ramos Joshua , Del Rosario Mark Adrian , Abon Marcelino , De Leon Angeles , Reyes Renato
Published: October 2023

Lentinus tigrinus is a wild edible and medicinal mushroom with potential culinary and pharmaceutical applications. In the present work, we evaluated the different culture media, pH and physical conditions such as aeration, illumination and temperature for maximum mycelial growth of eight L. tigrinus strains. Mycelial growth of the eight strains respond differently to the nutritional and physical factors. All strains showed maximum mycelial growth on coconut water gulaman (CWG), except TLLt 3, which favored potato dextrose agar (PDA) and malt extract agar (MEA). TLLt 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8 mycelia luxuriantly grew at pH 5.0-8.0 whereas TLLt 2 preferred pH 5.0-7.0, and TLLt 3 and 4 favored pH 5.0-6.5. Sealed condition was found to be more suitable for TLLt 1 mycelia while no significant difference was noted between the two aeration conditions for the mycelial growth of other seven strains. Both TLLt 1 and 2 mycelia favorably grew in lighted condition while the other six favorably grew in both lighted and dark conditions. Room temperature (30⁰C) recorded the fastest mycelial growth fo all strains, but found comparable to air-conditioned temperature (23⁰C) for the growth of TLLt 3, 6 and 8 mycelia. Therefore, mycelial growth of L. tigrinus on the different nutritional and physical parameters may vary depending on the strain type.
Research on Villager Autonomy and the Entrance of New Villager Sages from the Perspective of “Principal-agent” Theory
Authors: Zhuang Weihang
Published: October 2023

From the perspective of “principal-agent” theory, this paper discusses the interaction between Chinese villager autonomy and the entrance of new villager sages, analyzes the goal state and deviation of villager autonomy system, and the dilemma of identity, information and interest asymmetry faced by new villager sages in the process of entry. In order to provide new ideas for the study of rural governance, this paper puts forward optimization paths such as promoting the integration of local identity of new villagers, perfecting the mechanism of new villagers’ participation in rural governance, creating a benign social atmosphere, and improving the ability of village cadres to play a key role.
NONLINEARITY COMPENSATION AND ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT METHOD FOR AN OPTICAL ROTARY ENCODER
Authors: Jovanović Jelena , Denić Dragan , Jovanović Uglješa , Živanović Dragan
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a method for the nonlinearity compensation of an optical rotary encoder. The proposed method is based on the application of 1) a special 4-bit mixed analog-digital circuit used for the generation of a quasi-linear signal, and 2) a two-stage nonlinear ADC which performs linearization and digital conversion of the quasi-linear signal at the same time. The quasi-linear signal is obtained by combining fragments of phase-shifted sinusoidal signals, where each fragment is presented with a 4-bit digital code. In the continuation, the quasi-linear signal is linearized with the two-stage nonlinear ADC of a compact design based on the application of a single flash ADC in both conversion stages. Additionally, the design of the flash ADC is modified so that the number of employed comparators is equal to the resolution of the flash ADC. For instance, by linearizing an optical rotary encoder using the 4-bit mixed analog-digital circuit and the 20-bit two-stage nonlinear ADC containing 10 comparators, the maximal value of the absolute measurement error can be reduced to 3.23·10-5°.
COMBINED TECHNIQUES FOR FORECASTING THE VOLUME OF PACKAGES IN INTERNAL POSTAL TRAFFIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Rogan Ivana , Pronić-Rančić Olivera
Published: October 2023

The main goal of time series analysis is to explain the main features of the data in a chronological order and in the general case to predict future processes, products, service requirements, etc., using appropriate statistical models. In this paper, time series prediction was performed using a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model (SARIMA) in the XLSTAT add-in for Excel environment, as well as two artificial neural network (ANN) models - long short-term memory (LSTM) network and relatively new machine learning technique - extreme learning machines (ELM).  The proposed approaches were used for forecasting the volume of packages in the internal postal traffic of Serbia for the period 2014-2020. A comparison of the obtained modeling results with the original data was made and it was shown that the best modelling results were achieved by using ELM.
PERFORMANCE OF SECURE COMMUNICATION OVER LAMBDA-FISHER-SNEDECOR FADING CHANNELS
Authors: Anastasov Jelena , Panajotović Aleksandra , Milić Dejan , Milović Daniela
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security (PLS) of the traditional Wyner’s wiretap channel model. Secrecy performance analysis is performed assuming a presence of an active eavesdropper trying to overhear the confidential data transmission from the source node to the predefined destination. In what follows, we derive the lower bound of the secrecy outage probability, the strictly positive secrecy capacity as well as the average secrecy capacity, over the composite a-Fisher-Snedecor (a-F) fading environment. According to the analytical results, numerical results are also shown. The impact of the path loss component, the average signal-to-noise ratios over the main/wiretap channel as well as the impact of the fading, the non-linearity of the propagation medium and the shadowing shaping parameter on the PLS metrics is examined. The overall analysis and the obtained results have a high level of generality and also a high level of applicability since the a-F distribution was recently proposed, as the best fit distribution for the channel characterization of the device-to-device wireless communication in the future Beyond 5G networks.
DESIGN OF FIRST ORDER DIFFERENTIATOR WITH PARALLEL ALL-PASS STRUCTURE
Authors: Stančić Goran , Krstić Ivan , Nikolić Saša S. , Kostić Ivana
Published: October 2023

In this paper a new method for design of the first order differentiator is presented. The proposed differentiator consists of two parallel branches, i.e. direct path and IIR all-pass filter. The described design method allows one to obtain solution with minimum mean relative error at the desired region by controlling the ratio of phase response extremes. A small relative magnitude error, as well as a low phase error, at low frequencies is condition for good time domain behaviour. The obtained differentiator can be realized by means of only two multipliers, hence being a good choice for real time applications. The proposed solution provides a lower magnitude error than several known differentiators with similar phase error.
Enhancing Land Registration through Blockchain Technology: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Safiyanu Adam Musa , Jibrin Yakubu Awal , Suleiman Abubakar
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The ownership and verification of land are complex tasks involving multiple parties. This process is susceptible to fraud, as forged documents can mislead buyers, and disputes over land can lead to lengthy court battles, wasting time and resources. The current land registration process lacks clarity, prompting the need for technological integration, such as blockchain. Blockchain is a decentralized and transparent ledger that can address these challenges. This research proposes a land registration application system that utilizes blockchain technology and smart contracts. The system requires new buyers to register and proceed with the necessary procedures. The proposed model incorporates the SHA256 algorithm for generating unique hash values to secure messages stored in blocks, while Ethereum blockchain technology is utilized to store both smart contract and transaction details.
Comparative Study of Electric Traction Control Techniques: Application to Motor Vehicles
Authors: Sylvain Zango Nkeutia , Francis Djanna , Blaise Mtopi Fotso
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Climate change and evolution of technology have shown the important of electric vehicles (EV). Its performance strongly depends on the type of control techniques used to control their motor. In this paper, we compare the electric traction control techniques used in motor vehicles. We consider an electric vehicle with two driving wheels and we model it to bring out the mechanical, electrical and electromechanical equations. For our obtained road, we develop the control laws of our vehicle using Indirect Flux Oriented Control (IFOC) method, Direct Torque Control (DTC) method and Fuzzy DTC (DTFC) method. A comparative study of these control techniques is made using performance tools such as response-time, static error and ripple rate. Our study shows that DTFC method is better to obtain the motor instruction requested by the driver.
Design of Can Crusher
Authors: Pawar Mayuri , Mane Prasad , Wadtile Onkar , Mogal Manasi , Lambor S. M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Present study has focused on the design of a domestic aluminum can crusher this will be used to shred empty beverage cans and recycle them back into the industry. It promote sustainability in the beverage production sector. The Young's modulus, density, yield strength, and Poisson's ratio of steel and aluminum, among other parameters, were taken into consideration during the design computation of the crusher. Catia was used to model each individual component as well as the entire machine assembly.
Dual Axis Solar Tracker Using Arduino
Authors: Dangat Prof. M.T. , Pillay Tanvi , Khartalkar Vaidehi , Bhosle Shiv , Ankushrao Neha
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The biggest crisis we are heading into is the climate change due to excessive use of fossil fuels and to overcome these issues, we have only one solution that is utilizing Renewable Energy. Renewable energy is a type of energy that is harnessed from the nature without causing ill effects to the environment. One of the most prominent kinds of renewable energy is solar energy. The output electrical energy depends on the amount of sunlight falling on the solar panel. Traditionally, solar panels are fixed and the movement of sun over the horizon means that the solar panel does not harness maximum energy most of the time. In order to maximize the power from the solar panel, the panel should face the sun all time. In Arduino based solar tracker with the help of LDR and servo motor is used to generate maximum power.
Cyber Threat Detection Based on Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Sai P Ramya , Niraja K. S
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Finding an automated method for detecting cyber-attacks is one of the biggest problems in cybersecurity. We describe an artificial intelligence (AI) method based on deep learning for detecting cyber threats. The suggested solution uses a deep attempting to learn monitoring method to improve cyber-threat identification by breaking down a large volume of recorded security events into event profiles. We created an AI-SIEM system that combines event profiles for data pretreatment with several multilayer perceptron techniques, such as FCNN, CNN, and LSTM. The approach focuses on separating real positive warnings from misdiagnosis alerts to assist experts in quickly responding to cyber-attacks. We carried out tests utilising the five traditional machine-learning techniques to assess the comparison study with existing approaches (SVM, k-NN, RF, NB, and DT). The experimental findings of this study confirm that our suggested methods may be used as studying models for activity recognition and demonstrate that, when used in the real life, they outperform traditional auto techniques.
Impact of YouTube Ads on Consumer Purchase in Bengaluru City
Authors: N Dr. Nayana , Hiremath Mr. Abhishek N
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This research aims to study the impact of YouTube ads on consumer purchase in Bengaluru. The research collected data from 80 respondents using a survey method. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. The results showed that YouTube ads have a positive impact on consumer purchase in Bengaluru. The majority of the respondents watch YouTube daily, and a significant number of them watch YouTube ads. Moreover, YouTube ads influence their purchase decision, and a considerable number of respondents have made a purchase after watching a YouTube ad. Therefore, businesses can leverage YouTube ads to reach their target audience and increase their sales.
Delivery Cost and Time Management in India
Authors: Hiremath Abhishek N , Manesh Adwaith , Darbar Daivik
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The control of transport operations and the associated expenses play a critical function inside the success of businesses throughout diverse industries. This research paper goals to providea complete analysis of shipping cost and control, that specialize in the key factors that impact the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of transport operations. by way of inspecting the strategies, technology, and best practices employed by using businesses, this paper seeks to shed light at the challenges and opportunities within the field of transport management.
A Study on the Adaptation Strategies Followed by the Dryland Farmers during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vaishnavi C , Kammar Shivanand K. , B Goudappa S. , Wali Vijaya B. , B Prashanth
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The inadequate planning and preparation by governments before the sudden imposition of lockdowns to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic have inflicted a severe blow to India's economy, causing immense hardships, particularly to the working people and the informal rural economy. The peak of the Rabi crop harvesting season in March 2020 coincided with the nationwide lockdown, leading to significant losses for farmers in the north-western regions. The rural areas, heavily reliant on agriculture and allied sectors, faced disruptions in input availability, labor movement, and supply chains, impacting the livelihoods of nearly 50% of the workforce. This study focuses on the adaptation strategies employed by dryland farmers in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka during the pandemic. The research explores various dimensions, including health and psychological adaptations, farming practices, financial adjustments, and marketing strategies. The findings reveal that farmers, facing dual challenges of health and economic crises, resorted to diverse adaptation measures to mitigate the impact. At the individual level, farmers prioritized precautionary measures, government regulations, and engaging in productive work to cope with anxiety. Families emphasized maintaining hygiene, avoiding discussions about the pandemic at home, and sharing financial difficulties equally. At the village level, preventive measures, social distancing in markets and agricultural operations, and making masks compulsory were widely adopted. In terms of farming adaptations, farmers faced disruptions in the availability of quality seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, leading to increased expenditures. Financial adaptations included increased borrowing from financial institutions and private money lenders, utilization of long-term savings, and involving family members in agricultural activities to reduce costs. Marketing strategies saw a shift towards selling to retailers and exploring mobile agricultural marketing, while some farmers faced challenges due to low prices and transportation issues. Despite the immense challenges, farmers exhibited resilience by implementing various adaptation strategies to protect themselves and their farming activities. The study underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the impact of the pandemic on Indian farmers, addressing research questions related to adaptation strategies at different levels.
Massive MIMO-OFDM Transmission Without Cellular Networks Using Frequency - Selective Fading Channels
Authors: VijayaLakshmi Dr. M. , Anisha C.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: For cell-free massive multi-input multi-output (CF-m-MIMO) across frequency-selective fading channels, this system introduces and determines the effectiveness of the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based multi-carrier transmission. The CF-m-MIMO-OFDM system can accommodate a substantial user base and is flexible enough to offer a range of data rates for usage in a variety of contexts. With its scalability and flexibility, the CF-m-MIMO-OFDM transmission network can serve a large number of users at variable data rates. It is proposed to beamform in the frequency-domain conjugate, to choose a pilot, and to allocate resources differently for each user. User-specific resource allocation, pilot selection, and frequency-domain conjugate beamforming are all suggested. The CF-m-MIMO-OFDM system can support a large number of users and can offer varying data rates to accommodate a wide range of applications.
Sustainable Fashion: A Study among Millennials
Authors: Pareek Vedansh , Kumar Vineet , Moosa Zidan , Krithika Dr. J.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This research was conducted based on the thorough study of various authors, specialists, and innovators’ articles, research, and speeches. It took into consideration all the conditions that take place in the work environment and how changes occur. We did a literature review that gives an in-depth knowledge of how sustainability is all set to be a big and needed change for the present and future. Research Implications - To build data validity and accessibility, the exploration proposes utilizing eco-marks that are needed to be normalized in the design business. Also, a feasible design ought to be made at a much reasonable cost rather than simply taking a gander at it at another market of benefits making. The questionnaire gave an insight into the way consumers perceive the sustainable fashion industry. There are a huge proportion of consumers who still are doubtful to make a switch or to accept the new conception of this fashion. There is still progressive news that there is a widespread acknowledgment of sustainable fashion among the majority of consumers. The way the new consumers are approached, included, and delivered the product and the information plays a vital role.
“Enhancing Automotive Radiator Performance through Optimal Heat Transfer with Nanofluids”
Authors: Kumar Kundan , Agrawal Amit
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The automotive industry continually seeks innovations to improve vehicle efficiency and sustainability. One critical aspect is optimizing the performance of vehicle cooling systems, especially the radiator, to enhance heat transfer efficiency and overall thermal management. This study explores the integration of nanofluids, colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in traditional engine coolants, into automobile radiators to achieve this goal. Nanofluids, engineered at the nanoscale, have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional thermal properties. By judiciously selecting and dispersing nanoparticles within the coolant, substantial improvements in thermal conductivity and heat capacity can be achieved. This leads to superior heat transfer capabilities compared to conventional coolants. In this research, a comprehensive experimental investigation is conducted to evaluate the thermal performance of nanofluid-infused radiator systems. The study encompasses the selection of suitable nanoparticles, their dispersion within the coolant, and subsequent testing within a controlled automobile radiator environment. The experimental results showcase substantial enhancements in heat transfer efficiency, demonstrating the potential of nanofluids to optimize cooling system performance. The findings suggest that nanofluid-based cooling systems have the capacity to significantly elevate heat transfer rates within the radiator. This enhancement holds promise for improving the overall efficiency of automotive cooling systems, consequently positively impacting vehicle performance and sustainability. The use of nanofluids in radiator applications stands as a viable solution to meet the ever-growing demands of efficient thermal management in modern automobiles. This research not only contributes to advancing the understanding of nanofluid applications in automotive engineering but also underscores the potential for practical implementation in vehicle cooling systems. The results advocate for further exploration and integration of nanotechnology within the automotive sector to drive advancements towards sustainable and energy-efficient transportation solutions
Movilidad estudiantil y adultez emergente: Un estudio exploratorio sobre la construcción de identidad en jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Quintano-Méndez Felipe , Brandt Javiera , Latorre Paulina , Riquelme-Segura Leonor , Zapata Mabel
Published: October 2023

La presente investigación buscó comprender la relación entre los procesos de movilidad estudiantil y la construcción de la identidad en estudiantes de la Universidad Católica de Temuco. El estudio fue desarrollado a partir de una metodología cualitativa. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a estudiantes que participaron de una movilidad estudiantil internacional saliente. Los resultados demostraron que el proceso de movilidad estudiantil constituye un hito que permite el autoconocimiento y la construcción de un yo ideal. Lo anterior daría cuenta del aporte de la movilidad estudiantil en aspectos académicos, profesionales y en la construcción del yo del estudiante.
Trajetória profissional de professores de matemática experientes na busca pela profissionalização docente
Authors: Oliveira Julio Cezar Rodrigues de , Cyrino Márcia Cristina de Costa Trindade
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir ações da trajetória profissional de professores de matemática experientes que marcaram a sua Identidade Profissional (IP) na busca pela profissionalização docente. Essa pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa de cunho interpretativo. Os quatro professores investigados atuam/atuaram por mais de dez anos na Educação Básica ou na formação inicial e continuada de professores. As ações da trajetória profissional dos professores investigados que marcaram a sua IP na busca pela profissionalização docente estão associadas à: compreensão de conteúdos matemáticos e de como ensiná-los; defesa e fundamentação de suas crenças/concepções a respeito da prática do professor; organização do trabalho docente para desenvolver uma aula na perspectiva do Ensino Exploratório. Conclui-se que estudar ações da trajetória de professores experientes em contextos de formação pode representar uma alternativa para que (futuros) professores sejam provocados a (re)pensar seus processos de aprendizagem profissional na busca de sua profissionalização.
Genome-wide target capture baits for endangered shark species
Authors: Wagner Clara Isabel , Choquet Marvin , Smolina Irina , Jones Cathy S , Noble Leslie , Hoarau Galice
Published: October 2023

More than 30% of extant shark species are classified as threatened with
extinction, yet reliable population-level data is often rare, frequently
due to a lack of genomic resources. Here we present a new genome-wide
marker set for endangered shark species. We developed a target gene
capture bait set based on the transcriptome and genome of a Lamnid
shark, and tested it on 36 shark specimens, representing seven species
from three orders. Illumina read mapping and calling of Single
Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) showed high target recovery rates,
especially in the order Lamniformes, providing several thousand detected
biallelic SNPs in each species tested. Our results show this marker set
can be used for SNP-calling in a broad range of shark species, enabling
detailed population assessments and other ecological and evolutionary
studies.
Variance in the Gut microbiota of Wild Rodent along the Spatial Distance and Species Identity Scale
Authors: Wu Yongzhen , Zhou Taoxiu , gu chen , Yin Baofa , yang shengmei , zhang yunzneg , Wu Ruiyong , Wei Wanhong
Published: October 2023

1. The gut microbiota of rodents is essential for survival and
adaptation, and has been shown to be susceptible to a variety of
factors, ranging from environmental conditions to genetic
predispositions. Nevertheless, few comparative studies have considered
the contribution of species identity and geographic spatial distance to
the variation in gut microbiota. 2. Here, we investigated the gut
microbial communities of four wild rodent species (Rattus norvegicus,
Apodemus agrarius, Cricetulus barabensis, and Tscherskia triton) at five
sites in northern China’s farming-pastoral transition zone. By
performing a cross-factorial comparison, we are able to test whether
belonging to the same species, or instead, being in the same capture
site dominates in determining gut microbiota composition. 3. Our
analysis found that the Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) showed a
partial overlap with the species identity and the geographic capture
sites, which did not reveal a ‘phylosymbiosis’ pattern. 4. The gut
microbiota of these four rodent species adhered to typical mammalian
characteristics, predominantly characterised by the Firmicutes and
Bacteroidetes phyla. As the geographic distance between populations
increased, the shared microbial taxa among conspecific populations
decreased. We observed that within a relatively small geographical
range, even different species exhibit convergent α-diversity due to
their inhabitation within the same environmental microbial pool. In
contrast, the composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota in
allopatric populations of A. agrarius showed marked differences, as well
as C. barabensis. Additionally, geographical environmental elements,
exhibited significant correlations with diversity indices. Conversely,
host-related factors had minimal influence on microbial abundance. 5.
These findings illuminated that the similarity of the microbial
compositions was not determined primarily by the host species, the
location of the sampling explained a greater amount of variation in the
microbial composition, indicating that the local environment played a
crucial role in shaping the microbial composition.
Optimal Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Mathematical Model of Climate Change Induced by Excessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Achimugwu Peter Urane , Kinyanjui Mathew Ngugi , Malonza David Mumo
Published: October 2023

The current crisis of global climate change and its consequences which
are manifested in form of different environmental disasters is
attributed to excessive emission and accumulation of greenhouse gases in
the atmosphere, key among which is carbon dioxide. Hence, remedies are
needed to mitigate against this change in climate. A mathematical model
on climate change incorporating good conservation policies,
enlightenment programmes and direct air capture technology as mitigation
measures is formulated and analysed using the concept of optimal control
theory and cost-effectiveness analysis. The objective functional is set
up to minimize both the excessive concentration of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere and the total cost of implementation of each mitigation
measure, as the resources available to cater for the needs of the
teeming human population are limited. By formulating a Hamiltonian
function and using Pontryagin’s Principle, the adjoint equations and
characterisation of the optimal units were calculated. Using the
optimality control system obtained, the numerical simulation was done in
MATLAB using the Forward Backward Sweep algorithm of the Runge-Kutta
Method. Seven different strategies of mitigation scenarios were
simulated. From the results, each of these strategies has the potency to
reduce the excessive concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
However, the best result was obtained using the strategy that combines
all the three mitigation measures of good conservation policies,
enlightenment programmes and direct air capture technology. Despite that
this strategy (Strategy VII) appears the most desirable option to adopt,
the cost of implementation of each strategy has to be considered since
human resources are limited. Therefore, cost-effectiveness analysis
techniques (Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio and Incremental
Cost-Effectiveness Ratio ) were used to arrive at the most cost-friendly
strategy. From the computations involving these two ratios, both
indicated good conservation policies strategy as the cheapest option to
adopt in reducing the excessive concentration of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.
Receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) modulates inflammation during feeding of tick, Haemaphysalis longicor
Authors: Anisuzzaman * , Alim Md. Abdul , Matsubyashi Makoto , Hossain Md. Shahadat , Labony Sharmin Shahid , Shanta Ireen Sultana , Ali Md. Haydar , Yamamoto Yasuhiko , Hatta Takeshi , Tsuji Naotoshi
Published: October 2023

Abstract Ticks are notorious blood-sucking ectoparasites
affecting both humans and animals, and serve as a unique vector of
various deadly diseases. Here, we have shown the roles of the receptor
for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) during repeated infestations
by the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis using
RAGE mice. In primary infestation, a large
blood pool developed which was flooded with numerous RBC, especially
during the rapid feeding phase of the tick both in wild type (wt) and
RAGE mice. Very few inflammatory cells were
detected around the zones of hemorrhage in the primary infestations.
However, number of inflammatory cells gradually increased in the
subsequent tick infestations and at the 3
infestations number of inflammatory cells reached to the highest level
(350.3±16.8 cells/focus), and the site of attachment was totally
occupied by the inflammatory cells in wild type (wt) mice whereas very
few cells were detected at the ticks’ biting sites in
RAGE mice. RAGE was highly expressed in the
3 infestation in wt mice. In the 3
infestation, infiltration of innate lymphoid cells
type 2 (ILC2s), expression of S100A8 and S100B significantly increased
at the biting sites of ticks in wt, but not in RAGE mice. Also, peripheral eosinophil counts
significantly increased in wt but not in RAGE mice. Taken together, our study revealed that
RAGE-mediated inflammation and eosinophils played crucial roles in the
tick induced inflammatory reactions.
Clinical management and maternal-fetal outcomes of a patient with an atypical mutation in the FBN-1 gene suggestive of Marfan syndrome: A case report
Authors: Shuhuan Feng , Le Yiping , Zhang Ning , Lin Jianhua
Published: October 2023

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disease
that is often accompanied by heart valve abnormalities and aortic
aneurysms. It is usually associated with a mutation in the FBN-1 gene.
Pregnancy is generally contraindicated in patients with MFS. In this
report, we present the case of a pregnant woman
Global stability in the Ricker model with delay and stocking
Authors: AlSharawi Ziyad , Kallel Sadok
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we consider the Ricker model with delay and constant or
periodic stocking. The impact of delay and stocking on stability is
known to reflect opposing effect, which motivates investigating the
interaction between these factors and their influence on overall
stability. We found that the high stocking density tends to neutralize
the delay effect. Conditions are established on the parameters in order
to guarantee the global stability of the equilibrium solution in the
case of constant stocking, as well as the global stability of the
2-periodic solution in the case of 2-periodic stocking. Our approach
extensively relies on the utilization of the embedding technique.
Whether constant stocking or periodic stocking, the mode has the
potential to undergo a Neimark-Sacker bifurcation in both cases.
However, the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation in the 2-periodic case results
in the emergence of two invariant curves that collectively function as a
single attractor. Finally, we pose open questions in the form of
conjectures about global stability for certain choices of the
parameters.
Neuroprotective amyloid-beta N-terminal peptides differentially alter human α7- and α7β2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor single-channel properties
Authors: Roberts Catherine , Cao Yiwei , Im Wonpil , Nichols Robert , Lukas Ronald , George Andrew
Published: October 2023

Background and Purpose: Oligomeric Aβ1-42 (oAβ42) exhibits agonist-like
action at human α7- and α7β2-nicotinic receptors (collectively,
α7*-nAChR). Aβ1-42 and an N-terminal Aβ peptide fragment (N-Aβ fragment:
Aβ1-15/16) have been shown to modulate presynaptic Ca2+ and enhance
hippocampus-based synaptic plasticity via α7* nAChR. Both the N-Aβ
fragment and its essential core sequence, the N-Aβcore hexapeptide
(Aβ10-15), protect against Aβ-associated synapto- and neurotoxicity,
also involving nAChR. Here, we investigated how oAβ42, the N-Aβ fragment
and N-Aβcore regulate the functional activity of α7*-nAChRs.
Experimental approach: Single-channel patch clamp recordings measured
the impact of ACh, oAβ42, the N-Aβ fragment, and the N-Aβcore on the
function of concatenated, human α7- and α7β2-containing nAChR expressed
in nAChR-null SH-EP1 cells. Molecular dynamics simulations identified
potential sites of interaction between the N-Aβ fragment and the
orthosteric α7*-nAChR binding interfaces. Key Results: Relative to the
effects of ACh alone, oAβ42 preferentially enhanced α7β2-nAChR open
probability and open-dwell times. Co-application with the N-Aβcore
neutralized these effects. Further, we demonstrate that the N-Aβ
fragment alone, or in combination with ACh or oAβ42, resulted in
selective enhancement of α7-nAChR single-channel open probability and
open-dwell times (compared to ACh or oAβ42). Conclusions and
Implications: Our findings show the functional diversity of Aβ peptides
in regulating α7*-nAChR function, with implications for a wide range of
nAChR-mediated functions in AD. Single-channel recordings of the
differential effects of oAβ42, N-Aβ fragment and/or N-Aβcore on
α7*-nAChR isoform function revealed the complexities of their
interactions with α7*-nAChR, with new insights into the neuroprotective
actions of these N-Aβ-derived peptides.
Supercritical and homogenous transmission of monkeypox in the capital of China.
Authors: Zhang Yunjun , Zhou Xiao-Hua
Published: October 2023

Background: Starting from May 31 , 2023,
the local transmission of monkeypox (Mpox) in mainland China began in
Beijing. Till now, the transmission characteristics have not been
explored. Method: Based on the daily Mpox incidence data in the
first three weeks of Beijing (from May 31 to June
21 , 2023) , we employed the instant-individual
heterogeneity transmission model to simultaneously calculate the
effective reproduction number ( R) and the
degree of heterogeneity ( k) of the Beijing epidemic. We
additionally simulated the monthly infection size in Beijing from July
to September and compared with the reported data to project subsequent
transmission dynamics. Results: We estimated R to be 1.68 [95% HPD:1.12, 2.41], and k to
be 2.57 [95% HPD: 0.54, 83.88], suggesting the transmission of Mpox
in Beijing was supercritical and didn’t have considerable transmission
heterogeneity. We projected that R fell in the
range of 0.95 to 1.0 from July to September, highlighting more efforts
needed to further reduce the Mpox transmissibility. Conclusion:
Our findings revealed supercritical and homogeneous transmission of the
Mpox epidemic in Beijing. Our results may provide reference for
understanding and predicting of the on-going Mpox transmission in other
regions of China and assess the effect of control measures.