bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium Line Altitude on Bellingshausen Ice Dome, Antarctic
Authors: Mavlyudov B. R.
Published: April 2024

Received June 9, 2023; revised September15, 2023; accepted October 2, 2023We present an analysis of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) on the Bellingshausen Ice Dome on King George Island (Waterloo), Antarctica, derived only from ground-based glaciological surveys for the period 2007–2012 and 2014–2023. A good relationship was found between ELA and mean summer air temperature (XII-II months) with a coefficient of determination of about 0.8. Assuming the stability of this relation in the past, the changes in the ELA during the entire period of observations at Bellingshausen weather station (from 1968) were reconstructed. Since negative ELA values were obtained for some years, which is physically impossible, they were artificially adjusted to sea level. A good correlation of air temperature between the Bellingshausen and Deception Island weather stations allowed extending the reconstruction of ELA for a longer period (from 1947).By cleaning up the strong interannual fluctuations in ELA using five-year moving averages, two complete periods of ELA change (from minimum to minimum) were identified for approximately 20 years (1947–1968) and 45 years (1968–2013). From 2014 to present time, the third period has been continuing. At the apogee of each period, the ELA was higher than the Bellingshausen Ice Dome height, which indicates that in these years the ice dome completely lost accumulation area. For the Bellingshausen and Warsaw ice domes, a pattern of higher ELA position on the western and southern slopes compared to the eastern slopes was revealed, which is probably applicable to the entire King George Island.Since the ELA variations on King George Island are generally synchronous with its variations on Livingston Island, the reconstructed ELA on the Bellingshausen Ice Dome can probably be useful for reconstructing the glaciation history of the South Shetland Islands.
The sediment budget and migration of 137Cs in Chernobyl affected area: 30 years of investigations in the Plava River basin, Tula region
Authors: Ivanov M. M. , Golosov V. N. , Ivanova N. N.
Published: April 2024

The Plava River basin (Tula region) is considered the most polluted with Chernobyl fallout region in Russian Federation. Detailed studies of sediment redistribution and migration of 137Cs produced by Chernobyl were conducted in the basin. The article provides an overview of results from various studies conducted during the last 30 years estimating the rate of erosion and sediment redistribution based on different methodology including 137Cs. Sediment budgets for different parts of the fluvial network were developed based on estimated rates of erosion and accumulation of sediments within the Plava River basin for the post-Chernobyl period. It has been established that eroded from agricultural fields sediments accumulate on the slopes of interfluves (38.4%) and in the bottoms of dry valleys (2738%). Part of the sediment delivered by slope runoff and temporary watercourses from the slopes of the interfluves to the bottoms of river valleys was redeposited on river floodplains (1011%), and the remaining part (13.124.7%) passed into the river sediment load. The value of basin contribution of sediments to the Plava River sediment runoff is somewhat overestimated due to the specifics of the erosion models used to calculate soil erosion from arable land. It has been established that for the period of more than 25 years since the Chernobyl accident, 5% of 137Cs deposits were lost due to soil erosion (less than 0.2% annually). According to evaluated sediment budget, only a quarter of mobilized material leaves basin as a sediment yield. Thus, only about 1% of the initial 137Cs fallout was removed from the Plava basin. The perspective directions for research on sediment redistribution in the plain river basins located in the temperate zone using 137Cs as a technogenic tracer are outlined.
THE STRUCTURE AND GLACIAL RELIEF OF THE GORODOK UPLAND (NORTH-EASTERN BELARUS)1
Authors: Vashkov A. A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of the first comprehensive study of the structure and morphology of the glacial relief of the Gorodok Upland in the north-eastern Belarus. New data were obtained using lithological-stratigraphic, petrographic and morphometric methods. It has been established that the formation of the upland is predetermined by the uplift in the top of the Upper Devonian rocks. This uplift of the pre-Quaternary surface is overbuilt by Middle Pleistocene glacial deposits with glacial tectonics and erratic masses. The presence of an uplift led to the formation of the upland in the ice divide zone between the Chud and Ladoga Ice Streams during the last glaciation. As a result, during the maximum advance of the last ice sheet, a moraine plateau with kames began to form in the center of the upland. During the Lepel Stage (18–20 cal. ka BP, Edrovo in Russia, Gruda in Lithuania, and Poznan in Poland) the ice lobes of the Chud and Ladoga Ice Streams moved from the periphery to the moraine plateau. In total, there were six distinct oscillations of the glacial edge. As a result, chains of hummocky and ridge end-moraine landforms were formed. Later, during the Braslav Stage (16–18 cal. ka BP, Vepsa in Russia, Baltija in Lithuania and Pomeranian in Poland), hummocky end-moraine landforms were formed on the north-western and north-eastern slopes of the upland. At the same time, large runoff troughs crossing the upland from the north to the south were formed as a result of ice melting. The results of the study are important for the rational conduct of geological surveys and prospecting for mineral building materials within the ice-divide zones of the last glaciation.
FLUCTUATIONS OF LAKE NERO DURING THE HOLOCENE1
Authors: Konstantinov E. A. , Karpukhina N. V. , Zakharov A. L. , Bricheva S. S. , Ukraintsev V. Yu. , Lazukova L. I. , Rudinskaya A. I.
Published: April 2024

The paleohydrological condition in the Rostov depression (Yaroslavl region) has been the subject of many years of discussions. The ideas about the Holocene fluctuations of the Lake Nero level differ among researchers. We have studied the structure of bottom sediments and bottom topography in the deepest northeastern part of the lake. A bathymetric survey was carried out. Drilling with the selection of undisturbed columns, GPR profiling, radiocarbon dating and a set of lithological analyzes were performed. Stratigraphic unconformities in the structure of bottom sediments indicate a drop in the lake level during the Lateglacial and the early Holocene. The level dropped to 87 m asl, which is 7 m lower than the current water level in the lake. The size of the lake at this stage was reduced several times. From 9 to 6.5 ka BP a transgressive stage was established: the average level of the lake could have risen to 91–94 m asl, which is close to its modern level. From 6.5 to 2.4 ka BP a decrease in the level by 1–3 m below the current one is revealed, followed by a gradual increase in the level. The current level was reached 300–500 years ago. The main factor in the fluctuations in the level of Lake Nero in the Holocene is the change in the height of the runoff threshold, caused by the transformation of the Ustye, Veksa, and Kotorosl river sistems. This transformation was associated both with regional changes in fluvial activity and with the processes of self-development of river channels.
SLOPES AND SHORE MORPHODYNAMICS OF THE NAGAEV BAY (SEA OF OKHOTSK)1
Authors: Smirnov V. N. , Goryachev N. A. , Glushkova O. Yu. , Pakhomov A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The results of the morphodynamics analysis of denudation slopes and the coastal zone of Nagaev Bay, as well as estimated distances and rate of the eastern coastline retreat for the period from 1939 to 2016 are presented. The main methods of the work are morphographic and morphometric using aerial photographs of different years of flight, modern satellite images and snapshots. It is established that the morphostructure of the southern and northern shores of Nagaev Bay is determined by active faults striking in sub-latitudinal direction and framing the bay. The polygenetic mountain slopes adjacent to the coastline differ in length and angle of inclination. The slopes are covered with active kurums (stone runs) that slide towards the bay. In the lower part of the northern slope there is a zone of the Nagaevsky active fault, which causes a high dynamics of slope processes with a predominance of active kurums and landslides. The northern slope has been cut by a road built during the construction of the seaport and the Port Highway. As a result, widespread technogenically triggered landslides, rock falls and scree are often disrupting traffic on the highway. Thus, the territory of the commercial seaport and the Port Highway are at a risk of a sudden movement of large-volume of detrital material down the mountain slope. The eastern coastal zone is formed by a coastal ledge composed of unconsolidated deposits of the Nagaevskaya strata, an incomplete profile beach, and a littoral, the width of which reaches 200–250 m at low tide. The marine boundary of the zone runs at a distance of about 500 m from the coastal ledge. The eastern shore is actively moving towards the city of Magadan. During the period from 1939 to 2016, it shifted by 56 m with an average speed of 0.73 m/year. During the first stage (1939–1974), it advanced 29.0 m with an average speed of about 0.83 m/year. During the second stage (1974–2016), the coast moved for about 27.0 m with an average speed of 0.64 m/year. In recent years, large-scale work has been carried out on the eastern shore of Nagayev Bay in order to reinforce the shore and protect it from abrasion by erecting a breakwater wall. The engineering structure results in breaking of the established dynamic balance of coastal processes, which will eventually lead to the complete disappearance of the beach, and on the remaining unprotected sections of the coast – to increased abrasion and faster movement of the coastline towards the city.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE AGE OF THE UPPER PLATEAU SURFACE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION (EUROPEAN RUSSIA)1
Authors: Petrova E. V. , Gusarov A. V.
Published: April 2024

The Middle Volga region is an area of layer-tiered and stepped uplands, in which the upper plateau is the most ancient surviving (among the known) element of the relief of this region of the East European Plain. The plateau is located within the highest interfluves at the prevailing elevations of 280–380 m, representing the upper level of the relief. Most researchers support the denudation (pediplanation) nature of its origin. The age of formation of the plateau surface is still a matter of debate. In this paper, based on literature sources, the author’s ideas about the development of the Neogene valleys of the paleo-Volga and its tributaries, an analysis of changes in the geomorphological, paleoclimatic and paleolandscape conditions of the Middle Volga region and neighboring regions was presented. It is concluded that the most optimal time for the pediplanation of the region’s relief and, consequently, the formation of the surface of the upper plateau was the time period between the time boundary of the Middle and Late Miocene (Sarmatian?) and the middle of the Maeotis (Late Miocene), which was distinguished by relative tectonic stability and general increase of climate aridization.
MORPHOLOGY AND GENESIS OF UNDERWATER BARS AND RIDGES OF THE EAST SIBERIAN SEA4
Authors: Sergeev A. Yu. , Ryabchuk D. V. , Zhamoida V. A. , Budanov L. M. , Kovaleva O. A. , Neevin I. A. , Tokarev M. Yu. , Bashirova L. D. , Ponomarenko E. P.
Published: April 2024

Shelf zone of the East-Siberian Sea is one of the least studied marine areas of the Russian Arctic. One of the important unsolved problems is the existence of a ice sheet in the area of the New Siberian Islands, and the debate about the age and genesis of underwater ridges (bars). Based on geological and geophysical field work condicted by VSEGEI in 2018 and 2020, laboratory research, and data analyses, two types of submarine ridges, principally different in morphology, sediment composition, age, and genesis were identified. Ridges located within the submarine plain on the outer periphery of the submerged valley of the Pra-Kolyma river and around the New Sibir’ Island are asymmetric, have a relative height of 1–2 m to 4–6 m, an average width of 2–4 km (up to a few tens of km) and an average length of 25– 30 km (up to 100 km). According to the sampling data, the ridges of this type are composed of very dense clayey-silt without inclusion of coarse clastic material. The age of the deposits forming the ridges is Late Pleistocene (18–13 ka BP). Formations of the Upper Pleistocene age are exposed in the inter-ridge hollows. The composition, morphology, and age of the ridge deposits suggest that their genesis is associated with denudation processes, but the mechanism of their formation is not obvious. The second type of ridges includes a system of coastal bars located at a distance of up to 30 km from the coast of New Sibir’ Island and composed of fine-grained, well-sorted sands. The width of the ridges varies from 1 to 2 km, the height is from 4 to 8 m, and the length is 10–15 km. The ramparts have a slightly asymmetric shape, with a gentler slope from the side of the island. This system of ridges was formed as a result of accumulative processes in the Holocene. The obtained data do not support the hypothesis of the extension of the Late Pleistocene ice sheet to the shelf.
MINERAL COMPOSITION AND FORMATION CONDITIONS OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE SMALL LAKES IF THE UKOK PLATEAU (ALTAI)1
Authors: Strahovenko V. D. , Malov G. I. , Ovdina E. A. , Malov V. I.
Published: April 2024

Numerous modern lakes appeared in the intermountain basins and on the high-elevation plateaus of Altai within the immediate distribution of glaciation in the Neo-Pleistocene. There is little known about the geochemical processes of autigenic mineral formation in lake systems under conditions of nival sedimentogenesis. The study of cores of bottom sediments of 8 high-altitude lakes of Altai showed that the waters of the lakes are fresh bicarbonate with variations in the cationic composition of Ca–Na. The bottom sediments of lakes are characterized by different ratios of mineral detrital material, autigenic minerals (calcite, gypsum, pyrite, illite) and mortmass of plant residues. In the bottom sediments of lakes located within the same basin (Bertek or Tarkhatinskaya), the absolute concentrations of elements differ within one standard deviation, with the exception of significant variations in the contents of individual elements (Mo, U, Li, Be). The enrichment of bottom sediments of lakes (Argamdzhi, Teply Klyuch, Krasnoe) with these elements is associated with the presence of ore concentrations (Mo, U, Li, Be) in the local catchment areas of a single lake. The mineral associations of the sediments of the studied lakes differ from each other in the composition of autigenic minerals, and from rocks, soils of catchment areas in the composition of layered silicates. In the composition of fine-scaled, tangled fibrous aggregates of the bottom sediment illite, the amount of iron is 2-4 times greater than in the composition of lamellar aggregates of micas, chlorites from rocks, soils of catchment areas. Cryogenic processes have determined the crystallization of gypsum nodules in the lakes Argamdzhi and Small Tarkhatinskoye; and calcite aggregates in Zerlyukol-Nur and Large Tarkhatinskoye in significant volumes for lakes with fresh water composition.
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH COVID-19 PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Nada Aini Katrun , Puspita Vina Anggilia
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melakukan analisis terhadap perbedaan dalam kinerja keuangan perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sebelum dan sesudah masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini melibatkan analisis data keuangan perusahaan selama empat tahun, dari tahun 2019 hingga 2022. Dalam penelitian ini, terdapat 24 perusahaan yang menjadi populasi, namun sampel yang diambil adalah 16 perusahaan menggunakan puposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif dengan menggunakan uji beda Paired Sample T-test untuk menguji hipotesis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam kinerja keuangan sebelum dan sesudah Covid-19, seperti yang diukur melalui Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Asset, dan Inventory Turnover pada perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI).
Attitudes of Family Members and Caregivers Regarding Alzheimer’s Disease Pre-Symptomatic Screening
Authors: Makri Marina , Despoti Akyllina , Teichmann Birgit , Gkioka Mara , Moraitou Despina , Fidani Liana , Tegos Thomas , Tsolaki Magdalini
Published: April 2024

Background:

In recent years, studies have examined the acceptability and attitudes that influence the intention to early screen for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the general population, older people, carers, and asymptomatic individuals who report a family history of AD. However, it remains unclear what specific factors promote or reduce the acceptability of pre-symptomatic screening.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to explore the attitudes of family and non-family members as well as caregivers and non-caregivers toward the pre-symptomatic screening of AD.

Methods:

A total of 213 participants completed the Perceptions regarding pRE-symptomatic Alzheimer’s Disease Screening (PRE-ADS) Questionnaire. Group comparisons using t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to examine differences in attitudes toward pre-symptomatic screening regarding age, family history, knowing someone with AD, influence of depression, and feelings of anxiety. The subscale “Acceptability of Screening” was developed to investigate the willingness to undergo pre-symptomatic screening.

Results:

Participants with a family history showed greater acceptance of pre-symptomatic screening while both caregivers and non-caregivers had similar attitudes. People with a family history as well as those with personal connections to dementia indicate a greater need for knowledge. The findings suggest that younger adults appear to perceive less harm from testing, whereas those who experience higher levels of anxiety and depression seem to perceive more testing harms.

Conclusions:

Comparing the attitudes of people with and without a family history as well as caregivers and non-caregivers toward pre-symptomatic screening of AD is critical to understand the differences between these groups and develop comprehensive screening programs.
Hamiltonian, Lagrangian, Dynamics and Singularity of the Compressible Fluid Flow
Authors: Wang Shisheng
Published: April 2024

The wave travels in the compressible fluid by a finite propagation speed. In the center-of-linear-momentum reference frame, the macroscopic velocity is zero, thereby, the macroscopic kinetic energy is also zero, the potential energy density (pressure) and the mass density are equivalent, and the proportional coefficient is the square of the wave speed. The macroscopic dynamic behavior of the compressible fluid flow cannot be depicted in CoM frame but is preferably described in the Lab frame – a pseudo-inertial frame. The system’s velocity is, thus, reference frame dependent, however, wave propagation speed is frame independent. This relative velocity leads the fluid to be compressed and the mass density will increase, and the energy will increase, too, observed in the Lab frame. The increase factor is the Lorentz factor, which depends on the particle’s relative flow velocity (relative to the reference frame) and the wave speed. This system is similar to a variable-mass system. The Hamiltonian, kinetic, and potential energy densities are not only the function of the relative velocity but also the function of wave speed. It is highlighted that for compressible fluids, when the flow velocity is equal to the wave speed, there exists a singularity, where the mass density, kinetic energy, and Hamiltonian increase infinitely great, while the potential energy goes to zero. This behavior is quite different from incompressible flow. According to the definition, the wave propagation speed is infinitely great for incompressible flow, and the potential energy is purely a function of position in flow field, not a function of wave speed. Any change will instantaneously propagate through the whole field without any time lag. The mathematical description cannot depict and thus disregards the wave behavior, just like the Newtonian mechanics. This is also the reason why the particles are instantaneously entangled in quantum mechanics, no matter how far they are in the field. At last, the dynamic equation is given out in Euler coordinates. It shows that the equation is not defined at the transonic point of \(\beta = \frac{v}{c} = 1\) , where there is a singularity point.
Phenomenon of Fear: Reflection in Fine Arts of The 20th – Early 21st Century (Cultural Aspect)
Authors: Zhukova Nataliia
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyse the phenomenon of fear from the standpoint of phenomenology and existentialism, to examine the reflection of fear in European and Ukrainian art of the 20th and early 21st centuries. The research methodology includes the general scientific principles of systematisation and generalisation of the problem under study, which made it possible to identify and scientifically substantiate existing theories, conceptual approaches to understanding the phenomenon of fear, such as "metaphysical fear", "existential fear", "ontic fear", "spiritual fear", and "moral fear". The phenomenological method allowed us to study the internal nature of fear, in particular, different states of fear: anxiety, fear, horror. The historical and cultural approach has been used to examine the evolution of fear theories from ancient times to the present. A significant role in understanding the phenomenon of fear is played by an interdisciplinary approach, which allowed us to analyse this phenomenon with the wide involvement of the scientific achievements of a number of humanities, including cultural studies, philosophy, aesthetics, art history, and psychology. The scientific novelty lies in the cultural analysis of reflections in the fine arts of the 20th and early 21st centuries on the phenomenon of fear. Conclusions. The tragedy of human destiny is expressed in such philosophical terms as fear (Kierkegaard, Jaspers, Heidegger), nausea, anxiety (Sartre), longing, boredom (Camus). The ontological significance of such mental states lies in the collision of consciousness with nothingness, with the abyss of existence. Metaphysical fear is related to time. Temporality is the main characteristic of human existence. Fear always appears to us in two guises: as a useful warning and at the same time as an obstacle. In a state of fear, a person faces the abyss of Nothingness. Those who experience existential fear feel the emptiness between themselves and the world of everyday relationships. However, it is only by experiencing fear and a sense of abandonment in the world that one finds true freedom. The theme of fear has inspired and continues to inspire many artists of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Unlike artists of previous generations, they try to show fear in their works. The fine arts of this period can be called an encyclopaedia of symptoms of fear, pain, and horror. Fear motivates us to act, to create. Therefore, the role that fear plays in our lives depends on the role we allow it to play. We can try to resist the impulses that cause fear to manifest, and we can try to replace fear with hope. Hope is stronger than fear because it is active and free from any bondage. The charge of hope expands a person's capabilities, not limits them. The more opportunities and creative potential a person has, the less fear they experience.
CULTURE OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN MODERN ART HISTORY DISCOURSE
Authors: Pogrebniak Galyna
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to research the artistic experience of the presentation of the culture of national minorities, in particular the Roma, in music, theatre, choreographic, and screen art and to determine scientific guidelines for the adaptation of models of creativity, which will contribute to the optimisation of the cultural process in Ukraine. Research methodology. In developing the topic, the author comprehensively applied the methods of scientific analysis, comparison, and generalisation. Analytical and systematic methods in their unity were involved for consideration of the art history plane of the problem. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the traditions of Roma cultural heritage are investigated in the context of composer and directing practices of music, choreography, theatre, and screen arts and became the subject of a special study for the first time. The appropriateness of using the systematic method in studying the features of Roma culture, presented in various types of art, has been proven. A comprehensive analysis has been carried out and the peculiarities of the production of works of art based on the traditions of Roma culture have been revealed. Conclusions. The materials presented in the article expand the arsenal of knowledge regarding the specifics of the Roma national culture represented by means of musical, stage, choreographic, and screen art; enable their use in educational courses, creation of educational and methodical literature on history, theory and practice of culture, music, theatre, choreographic, cinema, television, directing.
Ukrainian Folk Traditions of Hospitality in the Context of Modern Diplomatic Etiquette
Authors: Dolesko Svitlana
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the significance of hospitality traditions for modern diplomatic etiquette of Ukraine. The article discusses the modern use of hospitality traditions inherent in the Ukrainian folk culture in the practice of domestic diplomatic etiquette. Therefore, the focus of the article is a substantive analysis of the role of particular traditions, namely using the tradition of welcoming foreign delegations with bread and salt on an embroidered towel, singing welcoming songs, giving gifts to guests, which convey the traditions of material and immaterial culture of the Ukrainian people. The methodology of the study is determined by its tasks and is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, using the methods of comparison and generalisation, analytical, and systematic methods. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by its topic and consists in distinguishing among the large-scale layer of archaic traditions of the Ukrainian people those that highlight the hospitality aspect of the Ukrainian people at the beginning of the 21st century, and studying their place in the domestic diplomacy of the modern period. Conclusions. The analysis of scholarly works showed that domestic scholars pay due attention to the study of folk traditions (L. Artiukh, T. Veselovska, N. Voitovych, O. Hrymak et al.) and diplomatic etiquette (I. Kozynets, V. Klymenko, O. Podvorna, O. Sahaidak, A. Chaban, Yu. Chuhaienko et al.), however, the role of Ukrainian national hospitality traditions in the 21st century has actually not been highlighted in the domestic scientific discourse. The customs analysed in the article (welcoming guests with bread and salt on an embroidered towel; treating guests to traditional dishes; welcoming guests with songs; giving guests valuable gifts) testified to the existence of the Ukrainian national traditions at the diplomatic level, which allows declaring the uniqueness of the Ukrainian culture in the world. It has been proven that popular Ukrainian hospitality plays an important role in diplomatic activities even at the beginning of the 21st century, which is regulated by the rules of diplomatic etiquette.
Romanticised image of Esmeralda in the European painting of the 19th century
Authors: Oborska Svitlana
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyse the romanticised artistic image of Esmeralda in the works of nineteenth-century artists – one of the key characters of Victor Hugo’s novel Notre Dame de Paris (1831) as a typical example of French literature of the Romantic period. This work is characterised by grotesqueness, hyperbole, conflict, and a tendency to dramatic moments in the plot construction, which is embodied in the figure of Esmeralda, a freedom-loving and charismatic Roma dancer. As a symbol of the two fundamental vectors of social development, which consisted in the struggle between good and evil, she captured the imagination of nineteenth-century artists, encouraging them to develop creatively and convey their feelings through visual tools in a romantic and realistic way. To this end, the following research methods were used: the historical method, which allowed to conduct study in accordance with the period of writing the novel and the works of art; the comparative method for comparing works of art united by a common storyline; the art historical analysis for establishing a number of stylistic and compositional features of each work. The scientific novelty is that for the first time a number of nineteenth-century paintings depicting the heroine of Notre Dame de Paris, Esmeralda, has been classified. The criterion for this selection was visual poetisation of the image of Esmeralda. Conclusions. The analysis of works by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, William Gale, Eugene Henry, Friedrich Kraus, Joseph van Lerius, Lionel Royer, Carl Steuben proves the attention of these and other artists to the figure of Esmeralda from Victor Hugo’s novel Notre Dame de Paris. In the analysed paintings, the image of Esmeralda reflects the key features of the romantic worldview: the cult of feelings, attention to inner experiences of an individual, fascination with demonic female images, among others. The pictorial interpretations of Esmeralda’s image by Romantic artists allow us to better understand the plot trends inherent in the Romantic period, and also to depict the external and internal beauty of women in the trends of Realism.
The Ideas of Emile Jacques-Dalcroze's Rhythm Plastic in the Dance Studios of Soviet Ukraine From the Late 1910s to the Early 1920s
Authors: Kolomiiets Viacheslav
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyse the processes of spreading the ideas of E. Jacques-Dalcroze's rhythm plastic education in the practice of dance studios in Soviet Ukraine as a manifestation of modern aesthetics. The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism, methods of analysis, comparison, deduction, art studies analysis. The scientific novelty of the article consists in updating the methodology of perceiving the rhythm plastic education system of E. Jacques-Dalcroze not as narrowly specialised, but as a general culture, which allows us to talk about rhythm in the work of choreographers as a concept of Ukrainian modernism; in the introduction into scientific circulation of materials clarifying and supplementing the panorama of the spread of the E. Jacques-Dalcroze system in Soviet Ukraine. Conclusions. In the process of crystallisation, the rhythm plastic theory of E. Jacques-Dalcroze did not remain narrowly specialised, focused only on the education of the rhythmic sense of music through movement, but spread in various artistic spheres, allowing the use of the principle of bodily rhythms to understand changes in the tempo of life in a process of global civilisational changes (industrialisation, urbanisation, among others). Despite the paradoxical nature of the concept of rhythm plastic education by E. Jacques-Dalcroze (combining obedience to the internal laws of the rhythmic structure of a musical piece with a free physical and plastic expression that is not regulated by any choreographic system), it became popular both among professional dancers and choreographers and captivated hundreds of amateurs. Rhythm became a unique artistic concept of Ukrainian modernism, manifested in the work of several dance studios of B. Nizhynska, A. Pashkovska, E. Wulf, Shaposhnykova-Vekhovych, and others), which used the system of E. Jacques-Dalcroze as a way of updating the traditional choreographic vocabulary, expanding possibilities of dance art in the new socio-political and artistic-aesthetic situation. Despite the positive perception and creative elaboration of the system of E. Jacques-Dalcroze in several artistic centres, in particular, choreographic studios, in the mid-1920s in the Ukrainian SSR, in the situation of the gradual collapse of the studio movement and the intensified reorientation of cultural policy from the diversity of creative manifestations to monovectorism, we observe a sharp criticism of Dalcroze's principles.
Evolution of Chinese Instrumental and Performing School of the 20th – Early 21st Century
Authors: Zhu Sisi
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work is to determine the prerequisites and evolutionary processes of the development of the instrumental and performing school in China in the 20th – early 21st centuries. Research methods are based on cultural, historical, comparative approaches based on the principles of knowledge of nature and society. The scientific novelty consists in determining the prerequisites and development of the instrumental and performing school in China, as well as comparing the genres and features of their interaction, which contributed to the formation of new forms of music making. Conclusions. Based on the historical and musicological analysis of the evolution of instrumental and performing arts in China in the 20th and early 21st centuries, it is stated that the development of the phenomenon under study is inseparable from a comprehensive artistic process that covers the entire range of existing genres and forms. At the beginning of the 21st century, Chinese musical culture in general, and its instrumental and performing segment in particular, became an integral part of global musical development, influencing the course of evolution of world musical art. The conducted analysis made it possible to state the rapid growth of all aspects of the instrumental and performing school of the People's Republic of China, the powerful strengthening of the material base, the expansion of the field of education and popularisation of music, the improvement of the quality of training of performing personnel both in China and through the training of Chinese musicians abroad.
TEXcommunity: ecosystem of engineering and polytechnic education of Omsk State Pedagogical University
Authors: Barakina T. V.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the experience of the laboratory “CONSTRUCTORiUM” of Omsk State Pedagogical University in creating an ecosystem of engineering and polytechnic education. The main directions and forms of work are described: TEXcommunity School, TEXcommunity Teacher, TEXcommunity Family. TEXcommunity School is the creation and expansion of a network of specialized clubs for students in preschool, basic, secondary vocational and higher education institutions; conducting master classes and training seminars, tournaments, Olympiads, game programs of engineering and polytechnic orientation; organizing the work of specialized shifts in school and away camps during the holidays. TEXcommunity Teacher is the organization of master classes and training seminars, dialogue platforms, professional skills competitions, advanced training courses, internships for teachers of preschool, basic, additional, secondary vocational and higher education institutions; development and distribution of educational and methodological materials. TEXcommunity Family provides master classes, individual consultations, and examinations for parents; organization of family events, competitions, engineering and polytechnic tournaments.
An academic subject should bring up
Authors: Lobanov А. А. , Lobanovа Т. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Each informatics teacher, with proper selection of the educational content of the course, can, from lesson to lesson, form a citizen of his country who respects work, the people around him, who loves his family, his Motherland. The result of generalizing the experience of teaching informatics and educational work, accumulated by the authors of the article over the years of teaching activity, was the construction of models of upbringing practices. The future of each child and the future of Russia as a whole will largely depend on how the teacher uses the proposed tool in upbringing students through his subject. The article provides examples of how, by offering subject material for study, it is possible through the entire informatics lesson to develop in students a love for nature, a sense of camaraderie, pride in the heroism of the people during the war, and respect for people of different professions.
Elective course on machine learning in high school: problems of sports programming
Authors: Nikandrov A. A. , Piotrowska X. R.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the prospect of teaching elements of machine learning in high school. An overview of foreign experience in studying the fundamentals of machine learning at school is presented. A system of tasks is proposed for an elective course on machine learning for high school students in Russian secondary schools. An analysis of five typical tasks of competitive programming, which are the author's development, was carried out, and each task has its own rating, similar to those offered on the well-known resources of the informatics Olympiad movement: CodeForces, LeetCode, AtCoder. The elective is intended for schoolchildren who already have basic knowledge of programming in Python 3, and consists of three modules that are aimed at different levels of proficiency in this programming language. The student has the opportunity to increase or decrease the level of completion of the course. The elective course can be implemented in the Stepik system. Training can be carried out either in distance learning or in the form of blended learning. The program code of tasks is checked automatically. Consideration of theory and analysis of tasks are carried out on the interactive computing platform Jupyter Notebook.
Új utakon a hazai fogyasztóvédelem
Authors: Salgó László Péter , Kupecki Nóra
Published: April 2024

A fogyasztóvédelmi szakmai irányítást hazánkban 2022-től az Igazságügyi Minisztérium látja el. A Kormány fogyasztóvédelmi politikájában kiemelt szerepet kap a gyermekek és családok védelme, a fogyasztók és vállalkozások közti vitarendezési eljárások egyszerűsítése és elérhetőbbé tétele, az állami szervek közti hatékony együttműködés biztosítása és az európai uniós jogharmonizáció a környezetvédelmi irányelvek biztosítása mellett. A feladatok megosztásának pillérei a társhatóságok, az illetékes kormányhivatalok, a békéltető testületek, továbbá a civil és érdekképviseleti szervezetek. A tanulmány mindamellett, hogy ismerteti a hazai fogyasztóvédelmi rendszer felépítését és eszközeit, bemutatja a hazai békéltető testületek nemzetközi szinten is kiemelkedő hatékonyságát és hatáskörének fontosságát, betekintést nyújt az európai uniós jogharmonizáció keretében elért vívmányokba is. Utóbbi kiemelt figyelemmel követendő, ugyanis 2024 második felében az Európai Unió Tanácsának soros elnökségét Magyarország láthatja el, amely megtisztelő feladat keretein belül nem titkolt cél a fogyasztói érdekek védelme érdekében jogszabályalkotási folyamatok előmozdítása.
A szekuláris oktatás kialakulása
Authors: Balla János
Published: April 2024

A tanulmány célja, hogy történeti és államelméleti megközelítésben mutassa be az állam és egyház viszonyát az oktatás területén az Egyesült Királyságban, az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban, Franciaországban, Poroszországban, illetve a Német Császárságban. Noha a liberalizmus mindegyik országban áthatotta a filozófusok és politikai cselekvők nézeteit, nem egyformán és nem egy időben kezdték kiépíteni az állami oktatási rendszert. A liberálisállamoknak nem a semmiből kellett felépíteniük saját rendszerüket, hanem támaszkodhattak az egyház több évszázados iskolafenntartói tapasztalatára, kidolgozott tantervekre, tankönyvekre. A történeti események hatására az állam befolyása több országban is az egyház rovására növekedett az oktatás területén, míg más helyütt az egyház megőrizhette pozícióját, és az állami oktatás harc és térfoglalás nélkül, békésen, párhuzamosan épült ki. A történeti példák megmutatják, hogy nem helytálló az az állítás, miszerint egy liberális országban az állam és az egyház nem működhet együtt az oktatás területén.
Comparative Analysis of AES and RSA with Other Encryption Techniques for Secure Communication
Authors: Prashant  , MD Sohail Haque  , Amrinder Kaur  , Pankaj Yadav
Published: April 2024

In today’s digitized era, where the whole world is interconnected and every information about individuals are collected, it is important to process and store the data such that it is safe from unauthorized access. Encryption is used to turn the plain text into cipher text which makes the data unreadable, thus maintaining its confidentiality and integrity. Among the several encryption methods available, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) are popularly used due to their effectiveness and efficiency. However, alternative encryption techniques exist, each offers different level of security and performance. This study presents a thorough comparative analysis of AES and RSA alongside other encryption methods to assess their suitability for secure communication. Factors such as encryption strength, computational complexity, key management, scalability, and versatility are examined to provide a comprehensive understanding of each technique's strengths and weaknesses. By scrutinizing these aspects, this research aims to offer insights for decision-makers in selecting the most suitable encryption method tailored to specific requirements and constraints.
МЕХАНІЗМ УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ ПРИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ АГРАРНОЇ СФЕРИ
Authors: Гриб Є.С.
Published: April 2024

Стаття розглядає аспекти ефективності управління ризиками у процесі виконання виробничої діяльності підприємствами аграрної сфери. Визначено особливі характеристики аграрного сектору, які сприяють виникненню ризиків. Надано опис видів ризиків, які є характерними саме для сільськогосподарських підприємств в Україні. Висвітлено, що саме недооцінювання впливу ризиків при формуванні стратегії підприємства та прийнятті управлінських рішень не лише гальмує його розвиток, але також призводить до застою в економічній системі загалом. Побудовано алгоритм: виділено етапи процесу управління ризиками на підприємстві, систематизовано систему методів управління ризиками на аграрних підприємствах. Визначені заходи попередження ризиків, серед яких важливим та ефективним засобом протидії та уникнення є використання страхування земель сільськогосподарського призначення.
Desde Pekín al mundo hispanohablante. Tres cartas inéditas del jesuita Diego de Pantoja (1571-1618)
Authors:   Universidad de Jilin, Ramos Riera Ignacio , Sola García Diego ,   Universitat de Barcelona
Published: April 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar un material de archivo inédito que da cuenta de las relaciones incipientes entre la Monarquía Hispánica y el Imperio Ming en los albores del siglo XVII. Se trata de tres cartas de Diego de Pantoja, el pionero de habla hispana en China, en las que se despliegan concepciones religioso-políticas alternativas a otros testimonios iberoamericanos de la época en las Indias Orientales. Este estudio emplea un método basado en tres pasos: la transcripción de las cartas, su contextualización historiográfica y la explicación de sus elementos geopolíticamente relevantes. El estudio tiene como resultado destacar la importancia de la figura de Pantoja para las relaciones internacionales en el ámbito del Pacífico, tanto en el pasado como en la actualidad. El aporte principal es traer a la luz un testimonio perteneciente a los orígenes del intercambio cultural acontecido entre el mundo chino y el hispanohablante que sirve como base para el entendimiento diplomático, el diálogo político y el desarrollo económico del presente.
İlkokul 3. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı Metinlerinin İçeriğinin Değerler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Tatlısu Mayide , Yorulmaz Bilal
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul 3. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki metinlerin içerdiği değerleri ve olumsuz unsurları, öğrencilerin değerleri ve olumsuz unsurları anlama düzeylerini ve metinlerin Türkçe öğretim programındaki tema ve konu örneklerinde yer alan değerleri içerip içermediğini incelemektir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden temel nitel araştırma deseninde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 20 öğrenci, çalışma materyalini ise Sonuç Yayınlarına ait ilkokul 3. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabı oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak doküman incelemesi ve görüşme yöntemi; veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen değer inceleme formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş, değerler ve olumsuz unsurlar ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Türkçe ders kitabı metinlerinde en fazla sevgi, saygı; en az alçak gönüllük, sadakat değerlerinin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlarla birlikte saygısızlık, kötülük, öfke gibi olumsuz unsurların da metinlerde yer aldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak bazı temalarda önerilen değerlerin metinlerde yer almadığı da görülmüştür. Öğrenciler ise okuma ve dinleme metinlerinde yer alan değerleri doğrudan isimlendirmeseler de değerlerin varlığını fark etmişler ve kendilerine özgü ifadelerle tasvir etmişlerdir.
Archivos de cambio
Authors: Maxigas -
Published: April 2024

Los repositorios archivan cambios puntuales en el código de software antes que en documentos originales en lengua natural. El repositorio es una forma diagramática que posibilita el ensamblaje de cambios en intrincados patrones temporales. Mientras que los repositorios Git expresan la historia particular de un proyecto de software en tanto estructura árbol, con ramas que se bifurcan y combinan, los repositorios Debian presentan la liberación de colecciones de software acumuladas en capas geológicas, una sobre la otra. Dada la volatilidad del software y la naturaleza abierta de dichas temporalidades, quienes mantienen estos repositorios deben repararlos constantemente para contener versiones actualizadas del software auténtico. Por ello, las preocupaciones centrales de los archivistas y el rol del trabajo humano son más importantes que nunca para la viabilidad de infraestructuras digitales que están a la base de una vida cotidiana mediada tecnológicamente. Las inscripciones técnicas a través de automatización no suprimen, sino que ponen en primer plano el trabajo humano requerido para mantener los presupuestos de archivo que garantizan la continuidad de la civilización y cultura modernas.