bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelagem computacional do contato oclusal: análise paramétrica do desgaste de superfície rugosa sob carregamento cíclico
Authors:   , Oliveira Evelyn Aparecida de
Published: December 2024

O desgaste dentário humano, muitas vezes causado por bruxismo, pode ser agravado pelo contato oclusal excessivo. Nesse cenário, a modelagem computacional assume um papel importante ao proporcionar uma compreensão mais abrangente das interações dentárias. A abordagem utilizada neste trabalho para simular o contato entre superfícies rugosas consiste em discretizá-las em vários intervalos, para que cada um represente uma aspereza principal. Cada uma das asperezas foram submetidas à um deslocamento vertical de um plano rígido, gerando assim o contato. As deformações das principais asperezas foram analisadas e com técnicas de homogeneização foi possível desenvolver a relação entre as respostas ocorridas em microescala e as respostas esperadas em macroescala. Dentre os parâmetros que caracterizam a topografia do esmalte dentário, a rugosidade média, rugosidade média quadrática, curvatura média, skewness e kurtosis foram os analisados. As superfícies numéricas foram geradas dentro das faixas de valores encontradas na literatura para os parâmetros. Para analisar a dureza superficial duas metodologias foram utilizas. A primeira consiste na indentação do plano rígido uma única vez em cada uma das asperezas principais. Na segunda abordagem, cada aspereza passa por um deslocamento cíclico do plano rígido até que os elementos da malha alcancem o limite de tensão, resultando em deformações plásticas e o surgimento de trincas na superfície do esmalte dentário. Esse processo pode levar ao desprendimento do material da superfície, ocasionando, assim, o desgaste dentário. Em ambas as metodologias, verificou-se que a curvatura média das asperezas exerce a maior influência nos resultados obtidos para a dureza superficial. Para quantificar o desgaste superficial o volume do material desprendido da superfície foi calculado. Para essa última análise, foi encontrado que a curvatura média das asperezas tem relação inversamente proporcional ao desgaste, a medida que menores valores deste parâmetro implicaram na maior retirada de esmalte da superfície. Sobre essa última abordagem, resultados preliminares sobre a profundidade das trincas e o volume desgastado foram encontrados, de modo que o modelo computacional, pode ser considerado coerente.
Efsaneden İlham Alan Edebiyat: “Ah Tamara” Efsanesinin Modern Türk Edebiyatına Yansımaları
Authors: Demir Bilal
Published: December 2024

Sözlü halk anlatılarından olan efsaneler, içerdikleri folklorik öğelerin zenginliği nedeniyle modern edebiyatta sıklıkla başvurulan, doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak ele alınan kaynak metinlerdendir. Efsanelerdeki olay, kişi ve mekân unsurları modern edebiyatta doğrudan veya dönüştürülerek yeniden işlenir, yeni imajlarla biçimlendirilir. Böylece efsaneler kadim anlatılar olarak edebi üretime süreklilik arz edecek şekilde dâhil olurlar. Bu türden bir örneklik teşkil eden Ah Tamara efsanesi de modern Türk edebiyatında birçok edebi esere kaynaklık etmektedir.

Van’ın Gevaş ilçesi yakınlarında, Van Gölü’nde yer alan Akdamar adasıyla birlikte anılan ve destansı bir aşkı konu edinen “Ah Tamara”, ada merkezli bir efsanedir. Halk arasında birden fazla varyantıyla nesilden nesile, dilden dile aktarılan bu efsane, yazarlar tarafından çeşitli form ve temalarla işlenmektedir. Tiyatro, şiir, roman ve öykü türlerinde yazılan pek çok eserlere ilham kaynağı olan Ah Tamara efsanesi; aşk, ölüm, ayrılık, din, kimlik, tarih, coğrafya konulu metinlerde doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak yer bulmaktadır. Özellikle geçtiği coğrafyayla olan bağı nedeniyle bu efsane, edebi alanda farklı imge, imaj ve sembollerle yorumlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ah Tamara efsanesi üzerine yazıldığı tespit edilebilen edebi eserlerde efsanenin edebi metinlerde nasıl kurgulandığı ve efsanenin hangi imajlarla yeniden üretildiği incelenecektir. Efsaneyi odağa alan metinler edebi türler bağlamında sınıflandırılarak efsanede öne çıkan konu, olay, kişi ve mekânların yazarlar tarafından nasıl ve ne şekilde işlendiği üzerine değerlendirmeler yapılacaktır.
Morgan Housel. (2020). The Psychology of Money:Timeless lessons on wealth, greed, and happiness. Harriman House.
Authors: Pasztor Sabrina, K. , Pesuth Tamas
Published: December 2024

Financial “how-to” and “self-help” books have long attempted to reduce complex economic and ﬁnancial terminology to make language and guidance more accessible to an interested reader. A standard approach in the literature is to share speciﬁc linear ﬁnancial steps a reader can pursue while infusing advice with rich narratives, “tell-alls,” and axioms in primarily academic and relatable language. Morgan Housel’s (2020) The Psychology of Money: Timeless Lessons on Wealth, Greed, and Happiness is no exception to this paradigm. It functions as a guide and cautionary tale to the layperson seeking ﬁnancial advice, beginning, and more experienced individual investors who seek a straightforward approach to getting and staying ﬁnancially secure. The text presents a practical framework for wealth accumulation and a series of 19 stories reﬂecting the experiences of well-known public ﬁgures in ﬁnance (think Warren Buﬀet), billionaire entrepreneurs (Walt Disney, Jeﬀ Bezos), cautionary tales (Rajat Gupta, former CEO of McKinsey, Bernie Madoff), staying the course (Livermore and Germansky as 1920s Depression-era stock market operators; Rick Guerin as Buffet’s contemporary whose desire for quick returns led to his downfall), and luck, quipping “you can be wrong half the time and still make a fortune” (p. 67). As an experienced award-winning expert on behavioral finance and former Wall Street Journal columnist, Housel’s goal is to explain basic tenets of investing in an easily digestible format using storytelling and historical data.
Financial literacy and its development prospects: insights from Hungarian and international literature
Authors: Zentai Péter , Molnárné Kovács Judit
Published: December 2024

To attain financial well-being, enhancing financial literacy is crucial; however, the definition of financial literacy is inconsistent both in Hungarian and international literature. In Hungary, the distinction between individual and the societal levels is not clear either. Accordingly, we conducted a literature review, during which our method involved collecting meta-studies in English containing the term “financial literacy” and selectively reviewing the research presented in them based on relevance. In Hungarian, we examined which terms have become common equivalents for “financial literacy” and analysed the related literature along these lines. In the theoretical model created in our study, we conceptualize financial literacy in a new way, and to capture the individual level, we recommend the introduction of a new Hungarian term. With regards to Hungarian results, high knowledge is combined with low levels of financial behaviour, so we recommend that decision-makers use behavioural economic tools instead of traditional financial education, which have a more direct impact on people’s everyday financial behaviour and operate more widely in those layers of society where traditional financial education have proven to be ineffective.
Competitiveness Challenges and Opportunities in Light of the Draghi Report
Authors: Juhász Péter
Published: December 2024

Competitiveness has become a central theme in economic policy discussions, reﬂecting the need for nations, businesses, and individuals to adapt to an increasingly interconnected global economy. Initially applied in corporate strategy, the concept has expanded to national and supranational contexts. This article explores the theoretical and practical dimensions of competitiveness by analysing its implications at diﬀerent levels – countries, corporations, and individuals – while reﬂecting on the European Union’s evolving competitiveness strategy, particularly in light of the Draghi Report (2024). This report urges EU member states to adopt cohesive policies addressing challenges such as technological innovation, energy costs, and demographic shifts. The study responds to this call by exploring how competitiveness manifests across these levels and the conﬂicts that may arise when pursuing this objective.
The ﬁndings highlight that the pursuit of competitiveness at the national, corporate, and individual levels is interconnected and conﬂicting. While the EU’s uniﬁed competitiveness agenda oﬀers a framework for strengthening its global economic standing, its success depends on recognizing and addressing each member state’s unique challenges and potentials. A balanced, inclusive, and adaptive policy approach can enhance competitiveness while ensuring long-term economic resilience and social cohesion.
A mobilização de roteiro orientador de reescrita na produção colaborativa de resenhas: uma alternativa didático-pedagógica no ensino e na aprendizagem da escrita pela reescrita no Ensino Médio
Authors: Kanitz Andréia
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tematiza o ensino e a aprendizagem da escrita pela reescrita no Ensino Médio. O estudo tem por objetivo (a) apresentar a utilização de roteiro de reescrita enquanto instrumento orientador do trabalho de reelaboração textual colaborativa por estudantes e (b) discutir as potencialidades desse instrumento no trabalho de ensino e de aprendizagem da escrita. Para tanto, são analisadas versões de textos produzidos por dois estudantes de uma turma de estudantes do 2º ano do curso Técnico em Administração Integrado ao Ensino Médio de um Instituto Federal, engajados na atividade de (re)escrita colaborativa de uma resenha. Os dados foram gerados no âmbito de uma pesquisa-ação de cunho qualitativo e interpretativo. A análise de dados demonstra que a mobilização de roteiro orientador de reescrita, elaborado conjuntamente com os estudantes a partir do estudo do gênero resenha, pode promover uma reescrita, de fato, informada por critérios discursivos. Seu uso enquanto recurso didático pode orientar o trabalho de reelaboração de textos por estudantes e otimizar o trabalho docente de produção de feedback com encaminhamentos de reescrita para a elaboração de novas versões para as produções textuais, garantindo que uma interlocução pedagógica com vistas ao aprimoramento da escrita pela reescrita se estabeleça entre os participantes por meio desse instrumento. Além disso, o presente estudo lança luz sobre a importância de um trabalho paralelo e sistemático de leitura para que o trabalho com (re)escrita alcance êxito.
Objective and subjective product differentiation in a Cournot duopoly
Authors: Juchem Neto João Plínio , Araújo Jorge Paulo de , Wiehe Martin
Published: December 2024

Cournot duopoly is a mathematical model of an imperfectly competitive market, where two profit maximizing firms simultaneously choose the quantities of product to produce, considering each other's behavior. The main objective of this paper is to analytically obtain the equilibrium quantities, prices, and profits of a Cournot duopoly in a market with two objectively differentiated products composed of two properties, and also considering that the consumers subjectively differentiate these properties. We begin by introducing subjective properties differentiation into a Lancaster consumer's choice problem, where the consumer maximizes a symmetrical CES utility function depending on the properties consumed, subject to a budget constraint and to the Lancaster linear transformation of these properties in the final goods. Then we solve this optimization problem through the method of Lagrange multipliers and obtain the final products direct and inverse demand functions, and finally find the equilibrium of the proposed Cournot duopoly. The results show that if the properties are perceived by the consumers as highly differentiated, then a higher subjective properties differentiation implies that the Cournot duopoly has a well-defined equilibrium only for a smaller range of objective product differentiation. Furthermore, an increase in the consumers' subjective differentiation of properties and/or in the objective product differentiation increases the monopoly power of the firms, i.e. with a higher differentiation, the firms produce smaller quantities of products, charge higher prices and earn higher profits. The model proposed here may serve as a basis for the study of imperfectly competitive markets with product differentiation and advertising.
O livre pensar e a formação de professores
Authors: Teresinha Grziwotz Scienza Denise , Zatti Vicente
Published: December 2024

This article seeks to discuss, conceptualize and point out that free thinking, as a guiding principle, can contribute to teacher training due to its integrative character. The approach to free thinking begins with Socrates, when this philosopher established that questioning is an essential part of the use of reason, and also for the integral education of the individual. In addition to the roots of free thinking in ancient Greece, the thinking of the modern philosopher Immanuel Kant is added, which points out that autonomous thinking must be cultivated, as the individual, through the critical use of reason, becomes enlightened. A historical-conceptual line is established on free thought as a guiding principle that proposes the search for enlightenment, contributing to the integral educational process – a counterpoint to the technicality still present in teacher training and noticeable in Resolution CNE/CP number 2/2019. The technical tendency in the training of educators emphasizes the transmission of knowledge by teachers, implies training limited to one area of knowledge – as such, still distant from integral formation. Free thinking is presented with its integrative character, as a possibility to provide a comprehensive training for teachers, who, in turn, will also be recognized as free thinkers and intellectuals. This article is an initial discussion, in the sense of making free thinking visible as a guiding principle for the educational process of teachers in the different areas of knowledge, promoting the integration of knowledge channeled towards comprehensive training.
Keywords: Free thinking. Education. Teacher.
Os temas contemporâneos transversais e a prática docente: reflexões nos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Stumpf Aline , Santos Oliveira Aline
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on teaching practices in the final years of elementary school, and their implications in relation to the Contemporary Cross-Cutting Themes (CCTs) of the BNCC. The research reflects analytically on the use of CTIsc, through the balance between the theory of official documents and the practice of teachers working in the final years of elementary school. With a qualitative approach, the methodology to develop the work used exploratory research based on an experience report, bibliographic and documentary research techniques. The research results have allowed us to reflect on the use of TCTs in connection with official documents and teaching practices in the final years of elementary school, based on emerging concepts, especially in continuing education and knowledge integration. This paper also highlights the importance of understanding the organic nature of TCTs, which emerge from unpredictable situations and can be transformed into learning contexts linked to curricular components.
Keywords: Contemporary Transversal Themes. BNCC. Classroom practices. Knowledge Integration.
Interdisciplinaridade: uma proposta metodológica para o Curso Técnico em Informática Integrado ao Ensino Médio
Authors: Miranda Shymênia Regina Pereira , Silva Claudio Pereira da
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estruturar uma metodologia que oportunize o ensino  de forma interdisciplinar no curso Técnico em Informática Integrado ao Ensino Médio.  Fundamenta-se em teóricos como Fazenda (1994), Barros (2019), Japiassu (1976) e Morin (2004), entre outros. A investigação, que ocorreu por meio da pesquisa-ação, tencionou indicar caminhos que permitissem experiências didáticas interdisciplinares. Assim, o levantamento dos dados ocorreu mediante a análise documental do projeto pedagógico e a aplicação de questionário aos professores do referido curso. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam a interdisciplinaridade como uma abordagem pedagógica que visa a auxiliar no processo de compreensão e de apropriação do conhecimento de forma não fragmentada, constituindo um caminho profícuo para a complexa tarefa de trabalhar o ensino e a aprendizagem. Contudo, a apuração do questionário mostra que a ausência de conhecimento aprofundado sobre a temática por parte de alguns docentes pode gerar entraves para o desenvolvimento da referida abordagem. Em suma, esse trabalho apresenta uma proposta metodológica que orienta os profissionais do Ensino Médio Integrado em Informática a colocarem em prática o trabalho interdisciplinar. Acredita-se que a proposta da interdisciplinaridade pode ser uma oportunidade de romper a solidez dos domínios que separa as disciplinas e favorecer o diálogo entre os saberes.
Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinaridade. Metodologia pedagógica. Curso Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio.
O lugar do Game Studies na História Digital e a importância dos jogos eletrônicos como fontes históricas
Authors: Antonio Diogo Greff de Freitas
Published: December 2024

This article aims to reflect from a theoretical perspective on the insertion and connection between the field of Game Studies and the study of Digital History. Its second point is to understand how the digital space works and, simultaneously, to present and overcome the model of historical sources in force in recent times when we refer to games, especially in Brazil. Thus, it seeks to demonstrate the relevance of electronic games as a historical source, beyond their representations of the past, but as agents of time and as transformers of sociabilities and cultures. To this end, definitions and different perspectives are listed and discussed by authors from the so-called Game Studies and Historical Game Studies, and demonstrations of different characteristics of groups of historical sources in electronic games are provided. As a result, we can progress in the study of games in research in History. Finally, it was possible to demonstrate and clarify definitions and connect multidisciplinary studies, as well as advance the possibilities of using sources in historical research through the analysis of electronic games.
Keywords: Digital History. Game Studies. Historical Sources. Electronic Games.
Investigation of tooth thickness faults in small plastic gears
Authors: Marada Imre , Bihari János
Published: December 2024

In this article we investigated the tooth thickness faults of small plastic gears. Faults in tooth thickness can lead to excessive heating and failure of the gears. It is therefore worth investigating how these can be detected. For the measurements, we used an equipment that is capable of measuring the recirculation torque to investigate the effects of faults on the teeth of small plastic gears. For the analyses, gear geometries were created using 3D CAD software that included a tooth that was different from the standard tooth thickness. The other teeth of the gears were the standard size. The thickness of the faulty tooth was either 0.1 or 0.2 mm less or more than the standard. These gears were analysed by pairing them with gears that did not contain faulty teeth.
Reducing the density of fired ceramic products
Authors: Hamza Alexandra , Kiss Attila , Kocserha István
Published: December 2024

Fired brick is one of the most widespread building materials, in the manufacture of which, in addition to strength, great emphasis is placed on the thermal insulation capacity of products. Reduction in bulk density is essential to further improve thermal insulation performance. During our work, in addition to adding sawdust of different fractions, we reduced the bulk density of the fired ceramic samples by mixing 10, 20, and 30 vol% expanded perlite. For the experiments, clay masses were prepared with a laboratory pan mill with a moisture content of 22 wt%. The formed and dried samples were fired at 870 °C for 4 hours. The body density of the samples decreased from 1708 to 1295 kg/m3 as the mixing rate of expanded perlite increased. The coefficient of thermal conductivity decreased significantly, the lowest value was 0.16 W/m·K. Thermal insulation capacity can be improved without significant reduction in compressive strength, by mixing expanded perlite.
Robotic systems for advanced additive manufacturing
Authors: Khattab Afraa , Felhő Csaba
Published: December 2024

Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the way we layout and manufacture products.  The inception of complicated geometries immediately from virtual models gives more freedom and flexibility.  However, AM systems have boundaries in terms of building volume, space, and the capability to manufacture multi-material and multi-practical items. A mixture of robotics and AM has emerged as a promising solution. The robotic tool of AM expands its capabilities via the growing toolpath strategies and robotic trajectories, paving the way for the advent of large, more complicated, and functionally included factors. This review paper explores the current-day robotic structures of AM, outlining advantages and challenges, and highlighting studies’ achievements.
A ciência da propriedade intelectual: análise das teses e dissertações defendidas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Propriedade Intelectual da UFS
Authors: Santana Dhione Oliveira , De Bortoli Robelius
Published: December 2024

A criação de um programa de pós-graduação em ciência da propriedade intelectual de forma interdisciplinar pode tornar-se relevante no desenvolvimento dessa ciência. A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de mapear e analisar as teses e dissertações defendidas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Propriedade Intelectual da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PPGPI/UFS). Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativadescritiva que analisou as dissertações e teses defendidas no PPGPI até dezembro de 2017, por meio dos documentos finais disponibilizados no repositório da universidade, tendo analisado a metodologia, o resumo e a introdução. Os resultados demonstraram que existe uma predominância de pesquisas quantitativas, com estratégia documental. O objeto de pesquisa predominante é o estudo das patentes. A formação dos professores é diversificada, com predominância da área de exatas. A formação dos discentes dos trabalhos egressos é predominantemente em Administração, mas apresenta uma grande diversidade.
Comparative evaluation of local and scientific knowledge on soil characteristics in agroecosystems of the Oziel Alves III Settlement Project, DF
Authors: Ferreira Carla Araújo , Jacobson Tamiel Khan Baiocchi , Mattos Luciano Mansor de
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar similaridades e diferenças entre conhecimento local e científico, inter-relacionando indicadores locais e científicos de qualidade do solo. A pesquisa se baseou nos métodos “InPaC-S” e “Validação Científica dos Indicadores Empíricos”. O estudo foi realizado no Assentamento Oziel Alves III (DF), em nove áreas: três com manejo agroflorestal sucessional na fase inicial, três com manejo agroflorestal sucessional em estágio secundário e três com manejo convencional. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e oficina de validação científica com agricultores e pesquisadoras da Embrapa. 143 etnoindicadores foram levantados: 74 para fertilidade do solo, 45 para disponibilidade de água no solo, 15 para compactação de solo e 09 para biologia do solo. Deste total, 92 (64%) foram validados total ou parcialmente pelos pesquisadores, 14 (10%) foram classificados como “objeto potencial de pesquisa” e 37 (26%) não foram validados. Os etnoindicadores foram reorganizados, mostrando que 43% estavam relacionados às características das plantas cultivadas, 23% à biota do solo, 19% às propriedades do solo e 15% às plantas espontâneas. Os assentados com sistema de manejo agroflorestal triplicaram, pelo menos, a frequência de etnoindicadores pesquisados em relação aos com manejo convencional, com exceção dos etnoindicadores relacionados com raízes ou vigor das plantas.
Tendencias Actuales en Orientación Vocacional: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Romero-Guevara Alix-Leonor , Perilla-Moreno Mario-Hernando , Redondo-Mendoza Ciro-Ernesto
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es realizar una revisión sistemática de los elementos teóricos y metodológicos que prevalecen en los programas de orientación vocacional actuales y evaluar su eficacia en estudiantes de educación básica. La pregunta de investigación que se aborda es: ¿Cuáles son los elementos teóricos y metodológicos actuales descritos en las investigaciones desarrolladas en los últimos cinco años sobre programas de intervención en orientación vocacional? Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos académicas y repositorios universitarios, utilizando descriptores específicos relacionados con la orientación vocacional y los diseños experimentales y cuasiexperimentales. La muestra incluyó estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años, aplicados a estudiantes de educación básica y media en países latinoamericanos de habla hispana. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión para seleccionar 11 artículos relevantes, siguiendo los protocolos de la Declaración PRISMA. Los hallazgos indican que los programas de orientación vocacional actuales se sustentan en teorías de autores como Holland, Super, Lent, Brown y Hackett, Maslow y Rogers. Los elementos metodológicos predominantes incluyen el uso de talleres vivenciales, que se desarrollan en sesiones estructuradas con actividades interactivas y evaluaciones pre y post intervención. Los resultados muestran una mejora significativa en la autoeficacia y la toma de decisiones vocacionales de los estudiantes tras la intervención. La revisión destaca la importancia de fundamentar los programas de orientación vocacional en teorías sólidas del desarrollo humano y el aprendizaje, y sugiere que la implementación de talleres vivenciales es efectiva para mejorar la preparación vocacional de los estudiantes. Se recomienda ampliar estos programas a edades más tempranas y aumentar la duración y frecuencia de las sesiones para maximizar su impacto. Los resultados de esta investigación son útiles para diseñar intervenciones más efectivas y contextualizadas en el ámbito educativo.
Influencia del COVID-19 en Colegios Adventistas de la Unión Colombiana del Norte
Authors: Merchán-Fuentes Arhy-Johancy , Pérez-Pulido Gelver , Hernández-Jaimes Karin , Ortega-Pineda Saraí-Ana
Published: December 2024

Este capítulo analiza el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el clima organizacional y la calidad educativa en los colegios adventistas de la Unión Colombiana del Norte. Determinar cómo el COVID-19 afectó estos aspectos clave de las instituciones educativas, proporcionando datos para posibles mejoras. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo correlacional con un diseño no experimental, aplicando encuestas a 151 docentes. Se evaluaron variables de clima organizacional (relaciones interpersonales, sentido de pertenencia, dirección) y calidad educativa (desempeño docente, infraestructura, trabajo con familias). Los efectos del COVID-19 fueron en su mayoría negativos, con una disminución en la calidad educativa y desafíos en el clima organizacional, especialmente en el estilo de dirección (76.8 % de percepción negativa). Sin embargo, se observó un aumento en el sentido de pertenencia de los docentes hacia la institución (91.4 % de valoración positiva). La investigación sugiere que el refuerzo en la cohesión institucional puede mitigar los efectos adversos en la calidad educativa y promover un clima laboral positivo. Estos hallazgos son relevantes para diseñar estrategias de adaptación y resiliencia institucional, destacando la necesidad de mejorar la comunicación y la flexibilidad en la gestión educativa en contextos de crisis.
Forecast of the energy consumption of Turkiye commerce sector: m-estimation model application
Authors: Niyazi Cankaya Mehmet , Özen Ercan
Published: December 2024

Net electricity consumption use continue to be significant issues. There are various forms of energy use and production. This work uses robust and form of Mestimation by using the grid-search algorithm. Thus, since we use form of Huber Mestimation, the prediction performance can be increased; because, the data is tried to be modelled by using the different values of tuning parameter determined by the gridsearch which can be used to carry out the optimization proving the M-estimates of the parameters of regression model. The data sets which are year and the net electricity consumption are modelled by regression model in order to predict and forecast how much electricity consumption will be necessary for the commercial purpose firm used the electricity at the highest amount. The statistical inference for the regression model and its estimators of parameters in the model is also provided. Further, the illustrative results used for the grid-search and the analytical expression of regression model are given. Due to the fact that polynomial regression showing an increment in the polynomial trend can model the dependent variable well, the net electrical consumption in commerce at Turkiye increases and the bandwidths for the forecasting in the year 2021 and 2022 are given to conduct a planning in energy sector.
Uniunea Europeană și politica ajutorului extern pentru Republica Moldova
Authors: Stratan Iuliana
Published: December 2024

This article reflects on the contributions for political and economic cooperation of the European Union, which is a leading development partner in the official development aid provided to the Republic of Moldova. We believe that the Government has an important mission, to maximize the impact of the development aid offered by the European Union and to enhance its efficiency, as it had been dependent on political regimes. The purpose of the article is to shape the efficiency of the aid policy of the European Union in providing for measures to address various problems, proving resilience to major shocks, both internal and external, because of the economic crisis, COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the impact of the war in the neighboring country. Investigations highlight that the Republic of Moldova continues to face a series of challenges, such as strengthening of transparency and visibility, as well as enhancing awareness of the structure of foreign aid. In this connection, to assess the efficiency of the European aid, it is necessary to rethink the system, through which the aid is provided, including developing an adequate methodological framework for optimizing monitoring processes, to assure enhanced transparency in managing development aid. Our approach highlights the need to deepen, in a clearer manner, the principle of political conditionality, imposed by the European Union, especially the negotiations processes and the achievement of the objectives, set forth following the allocation of foreign aid. The status of a candidate country to the EU will bring new opportunities to rapidly progress on the path of reforms, to modernize economic, political and social systems, including to update the development partners’ portfolio. Descriptive, analysis and monographic methods had been used.
Economic development in the Eastern Europe – determinants and discrepancies
Authors: Ignatov Augustin
Published: December 2024

Even if the Eastern European countries share a common communist past, the efficiency of the transitions these economies have gone through is at least not similar. Former USSR satellites managed to build relatively functional market economies which in turn allowed these countries to join the European Union and deepen the integration within other cooperation structures of the Western World. Unlike the first group of countries, former Soviet Republics, covered by the Eastern Partnership initiative of the EU, have registered varying performances in building efficient market economies, the success of which could be debated. The present study is set to reinforce the debates related to the economic growth and convergence of the Eastern Europe, simultaneously, finding the main directions on which policy-makers and academics should concentrate to increase the effectiveness and favourable impact of the development policies and strategies. The methodology is based on comprehensive quantitative analysis of the data related to economic development of these nations the core of which is log-log ordinary least squares regressions. The results show that there are considerable differences in the income sensitiveness both among the countries and growth determinants, the Eastern EU member states tending to register higher levels in this regard.
The relationship between unemployment, NAIRU and investment. Microfundations for incomplete nominal adjustment
Authors: Vintu Denis
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a simple method to estimate a macro shock-specific Okun elasticity: it measures by how much the unemployment rate falls over a certain horizon when output increases by one percentage point over the same horizon because of a specific macroeconomic shock. Inference is based on simple instrumental variable regressions of cumulative unemployment on cumulative output. Using data for the Republic of Moldova I consider government spending, tax, monetary policy, financial, technology, and oil shocks. We obtain eight key results: • At medium horizons (2-3 years), Okun elasticities are largely stable across different kinds of shocks. • At shorter horizons, differences are more pronounced. The speed at which unemployment adjusts relative to output depends on the shock driving fluctuations. This highlights the importance to consider longer horizons. Otherwise, one could incorrectly conclude that the elasticity breaks down for some cycles. • The elasticity is larger for financial shocks. Importantly, it is larger than for monetary policy and government spending shocks. • The largest elasticity is for technological shocks followed by oil shocks. • An increase/decrease in unemployment by (0.14 p.p.) caused an increase/ decrease in GDP by 1 p.p. period 2011--2015. • An increase/decrease in unemployment by (1.79 p.p.) caused an increase/ decrease in money supply by 1 p.p. period 2011--2015. • An increase/decrease in unemployment by (0.17 p.p.) caused an increase/ decrease in GDP by 1 p.p. period 2007--2011. • An increase/decrease in unemployment by (0.06 p.p.) caused an increase/ decrease in money supply by 1 p.p. period 2007--2011.
Noi standarde pentru pregatirea profesionala a inginerilor minieri si petrolisti in contextul crizei energetice mondiale
Authors: Mihai Radu Sorin , Ilias Nicolae , Offenberg Iulian , Iosif Andras , Serafinceanu Aurelian , Teseleanu George , Minescu Mihail
Published: December 2024

The innovative development of the fossil mineral resource exploitation industry requires the existence of well-trained specialists both theoretically and practically. It is mandatory today for an engineer - whatever his technical specialty is - to have important digital knowledge in addition to the knowledge strictly related to his specialization. For engineers in direct production activity, this knowledge is necessary to be able to correctly and efficiently exploit the latest generation equipment and installations and to ask specialists in the field to design machines and installations of a superior generation. In addition, mining and petroleum engineers are in a continuous struggle with the unknown. Even if prospecting and exploitation methods have been perfected and modernized, when you work in the depths of the earth, on land or in the seas and oceans, surprises can appear at any time. The activity of exploiting useful mineral substances (solid, liquid, and gaseous) is not comparable to the activity of a factory or plant operating on the surface. It is not simple here either, and there are risks here too, but they are easier to manage. A big challenge for education in the oil and mining fields is attracting young people. This is in the context of promoting the use of green energy sources, which must obviously be done, and which alienates young people, they not understanding the fact that the two energy sources will coexist for a long time and the fact that the jobs in the exploitation of fossil mineral resources will not disappear. In order to understand all this, the paper schematically addresses the issue related to the analysis of the personality structure of the mining/petroleum engineer, the factorsthat determine personal development, the evaluation criteria of personal development, and his technological culture. In this sense, the basic qualities, attitude, and skills necessary for the mining/petroleum engineer are analyzed.
Considerente privind evoluția comerțului exterior ante și post crize internaționale
Authors: Banica Elena
Published: December 2024

The reduction in global trade in 2020 was smaller than during the global financial crisis of 2008-2009, but the impact of COVID-19 was marked by the heterogeneity of certain goods and trading partners. Globally, trade in services has declined more and the recovery after the lock-down has been slower than in the case of trade in goods. The structure of foreign trade by category of goods has changed in the context of significant disruptions in the international transport sector. Although it is currently unknown which changes will have long-term and short-term effects, the unprecedented heterogeneity of the effects of the pandemic on trade suggests an acute need for adaptation which means the identification of development opportunities but also a high degree of uncertainty accompanied by significant adjustment costs. Based on the latest available statistical information on the foreign trade of Romania on goods and partners and analyzing the economic context developed under the conditions induced by the two important crisis in the last 15 years, the 2008-2009 crisis and COVID-19 pandemic, this section is dedicated to the international trade transactions at global, regional / European and national level. It is necessary to identify directions for action and strategies to reduce risks at both company and government level.
Comparative study on the global efficiency in the agriculture of Romania and the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Ursu Ana
Published: December 2024

The study examines the global economic efficiency in the agriculture of Romania and Moldova for the period 2014-2021. To assess the economic efficiency, the output-input analysis method was used. Global economic efficiency is analyzed through the resulting value indicators: gross added value, the value of intermediate consumption, the evolution of producers' incomes, gross fixed capital formation, net fixed capital formation, as well as labor productivity. The results of the analyzes show that the agricultural sectors in the two countries reach different levels of efficiency, especially those in Moldova, and that the main factors that influence the level of global economic efficiency, corresponding to the analyzed output indicators, are: production yields, intermediate consumption, input prices and outputs, the level of technological development, salary income, labor force, inflation, weather conditions, etc. The major findings showed that the agricultural sector in the two countries faces similar major challenges, what differs is the size and economic size of agrarian production structures and that agricultural activity takes place in different political environments.
Importul de preparate din legume, fructe și nuci al Republicii Moldova
Authors: Scerbacov Elena
Published: December 2024

The paper aims to analyze the import of preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants. The methods used in this paper is: analysis, synthesis and comparison, and the information base was the recent works in the field, as well as the statistical data of the NBS. The results show that the area of plums shows a decreasing trend in 2020 compared to years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years. It also decreased the area of peaches in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 years. The production of seeds orchards shows an increase in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the yield per hectare during this period, and compared to 2017, 2018 and 2019 years it decreased, the reason being the reduction of the area and the yield per hectare influenced by the unfavorable climatic conditions. The production of apples increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 years, the reason being the increase of the yield of fruit per hectare, and compared to 2017, 2018 and 2019 years it decreased, the reason being the reduction of both the area, as well as the yield per hectare of apples. As a result, the apples were of a small caliber and inferior quality. So the import of preparations of vegetables, fruits, nuts or other parts of plants in increased in 2020 compared to 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and compared to 2019 it decreased insignificantly.
Некоторые особенности применения графиков в экономических исследованиях
Authors: Parmacli Dmitrii , Dudoglo Tatiana
Published: December 2024

It is noted that the graphic method has become so firmly established in the arsenal of means of scientific generalization and the methodology of scientific research that modern science cannot be imagined without its application. The role of this method is especially great in statistical research, where complex relationships, trends, patterns of socio-economic phenomena and processes in dynamics and space are studied. When studying the yield dynamics of two or more crops, it is far from always possible to present their values on one graph, since the indicators are very close in their value to each other, which is why the main advantage of the graphs is lost - visibility. This drawback can be easily eliminated by using an additional vertical axis on which the scale is changed. Various options for using graphs in economic research are shown: instead of biaxial graphs, triaxial graphs are used, the vertical axes of which have a single unit of measurement. There are also three-axis graphs with two different vertical axes. The necessity of using combined linear and column charts is substantiated. An example of complex triaxial graphs is given, the clarity of which predetermines their use. The purpose of the study is to show the possibility of using charts for a more intelligible presentation of economic relationships, the dynamics of their changes. In the course of the study, the economicstatistical method, as well as the methods of comparative analysis and the graphical method, were used. They made it possible to fully achieve the goal of the study. The study was conducted on the examples of five agricultural enterprises in the southern zone of the Republic of Moldova based on the results of activities for 2016-2020. The necessity of using various variants of two- and three-axis graphs in economic research is emphasized.
Influenţa reglementării sectorului financiar asupra stabilităţii financiare
Authors: Ionas Ana
Published: December 2024

Financial stability is a priority of a financial system that identifies financial imbalances that arise endogenously in financial markets or as a result of adverse and unpredictable events. Ensuring systemic financial stability has become a priority objective for the authorities, as important as monetary stability and the guarantee of healthy economic growth. Once national economies become part of a vast network of balance sheets, often heavily interconnected through the financial sector, severe crises spread much more easily across borders and can therefore become larger and more difficult to manage. The purpose of the research is to improve the regulation of the financial sector by developing policies that would contribute to maintaining financial stability. The topicality of the study is argued by the fact that to ensure financial stability, an effective mechanism for regulating policies in the financial field is necessary.
Социальная защита населения – увеличение капитала здоровья
Authors: Kundieieva Galyna
Published: December 2024

The current decline in life expectancy, the increase in mortality and the fall in the birth rate requires an in-depth study of the health indicators of the Ukrainian nation. The state and dynamics of Ukrainian citizens' health, which have been observed over the past decades, testify to the dramatic. Under the conditions of building a socially-oriented economy in Ukraine, the issue of social protection of the population of the country as the basis for strengthening the health of each citizen, increasing the health capital becomes relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the socio-economic content of the term "health" for the implementation of effective social protection - investment in a person in order to form, support and strengthen his health. Research Methods. The study was performed using general and special scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction - to reveal theoretical foundations of health capital; statistical, analytical grouping - to study trends in life expectancy of Ukrainian citizens; economic and mathematical modeling - in identifying patterns and dynamics of human life expectancy as an indicator of health. Results. The health in its broad sense (the public health), as well as in its narrow sense (the individual health of each person) has been considered. The multidimensionality of "health" category has been investigated, and the integrated approach to the definition of the special role of health in ensuring socioeconomic development of the country has been proposed. The bio-socio-economic model of health taking into account the economic component was formed. The dependence of the country's GDP on life expectancy, the number of deaths, as well as the dependence of changes in the country's GDP on the natural increase/decrease in population was investigated. The concept of public education to promote public health as a triad was proposed: education in childhood - education