bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Martine-Kushelevsky Test and Evaluation of the Functional State of the Cardiovascular System of KRSU Students
Authors: Kondratyeva E. , Sologubova T. , Mukhamedova D. , Shklyar N.
Published: January 2025

Physical fitness is most often considered as the fitness of two systems that work together: the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Furthermore, physical fitness refers to the ability of these systems to maintain normal body function during physical activity of varying duration and intensity. There are various self-monitoring methods, one of which is the Martine-Kushelevsky test. This article presents the results of assessing the functional state of the cardiovascular system based on the Martine-Kushelevsky test. This test provides objective data on the cardiovascular system's functional state in students. The data helps to evaluate the body's resistance to hypercapnia and hypoxia, which reflects the overall condition of the body's oxygen-supplying systems during physical exercise. The study involved 187 first-year students from the medical faculty of KRSU, including 115 females (61.5%) and 72 males (38.5%). The age of the participants ranged from 17 to 21 years, with an average age of 18.29±1.05 years. One of the key indicators of the functional state of the cardiovascular system is the Robinson index, which characterizes the systolic work of the heart and reflects the degree of adaptation of the body to physical loads. Generally, it is believed that the higher this indicator, the greater the functional capacity of the heart muscles. The analysis showed that most students (87.7%) have a very low level of physical recovery, and 37.5% of students have poor aerobic capacity. These two factors should be taken into account when assigning students from the medical faculty to physical education groups.
Unlawful Deprivation of Liberty: Criminal Law Aspect.
Authors: Kokoeva A. , Toktogulov S. , Keneshbekkyzy N.
Published: January 2025

Currently, the issue of protecting the rights and freedoms of the individual is extremely relevant in our society. This is enshrined in the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, which has the highest legal force as the main guarantee of human rights and freedoms. Illegal deprivation of liberty is considered a violation of the human right to liberty and personal inviolability. The article examines the criminal-legal characteristics and legal essence of illegal deprivation of liberty. The article uses comparative legal and general scientific methods.
Understanding of the OSI System Interaction Model for Organizing the Educational Process and Student’s Independent Work.
Authors: Tarasov I. , Roslova I. , Kasymova T.
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses the principles of network operation from the point of view of the OSI model, which is useful for teaching IT students in organizing independent work of students. This helps to understand the interaction of network devices, processes at each level of the model and their impact on the performance and reliability of the network. Understanding the OSI model not only improves the quality of independent work of students, but also prepares them for successful professional activity in the rapidly developing field of network technologies
Mountains and Climate as Metaphors in Describing the Mother-in-Law: Linguistic and Cultural Interpretation
Authors: Mamatkyzy K.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the use of mountains and climate as metaphors in the linguistic and cultural descriptions of the mother-in-law figure across various societies. By examining how harsh and unpredictable mountain climates are used to symbolize the perceived complexities and challenges of the mother-in-law relationship, the study highlights the role of environmental metaphors in shaping cultural attitudes and familial dynamics. The analysis draws from a range of linguistic expressions, proverbs, and cultural narratives that associate the traits of mountains and climate, such as resilience, severity, and endurance, with the character and societal role of the mother-in-law. This research underscores the interplay between language, environment, and social structures, revealing how natural landscapes and climates can influence and reflect cultural perceptions of familial relationships.
The Role of Mountain Climate in the Formation of Kinesic Metaphors and Polysemes in Russian, English, and Kyrgyz Languages.
Authors: Ibraeva K. , Smankulova D.
Published: January 2025

The article explores how mountainous environments influence the linguistic and cultural expression of kinesic phenomena and polysemes, such as "head/баш." The study examines the interplay between physical environment, body language, and metaphorical language, analyzing how mountain climates shape the conceptualization and verbalization of movements and polysemous terms in these three languages. Through comparative analysis, the article highlights both universal and culture-specific ways that mountainous climates impact linguistic structures, offering insights into the broader relationship between environment, language, and cognition.
Features of the use of the aorist in the Persian Language
Authors: Tuychiyeva O.
Published: January 2025

Examines the features of the use of the aorist tense in the Persian language. It analyzes its role in the morphosyntactic system, functions in speech, temporal and modal meanings, as well as its use in various types of sentences. Through examples, the semantic and formal characteristics of the aorist are highlighted. In Persian, the subjunctive mood is employed in complex sentences to express logical, conditional, probabilistic, or cause-and-effect relationships between multiple components. In complex sentences, the subjunctive mood, with the help of auxiliary words, establishes a semantic connection between the main and subordinate parts of the sentence. Below, the application of the subjunctive mood in complex sentences and its specific features are discussed. This study provides a scientific basis for an in-depth exploration of the Persian language.
Do comércio à distribuição. Roteiro de uma mudança
Authors: Barata-Salgueiro Teresa
Published: January 2025

Esta obra é resultado da investigação realizada no âmbito do Projecto PCSH/C/ GEO/140/91 “Terciarização e Mudanças Espaciais. O comércio e serviços pessoais em Portugal” desenvolvido na Universidade de Lisboa (1992-1994) com o apoio da JNICT (Programa Estímulo às Ciências Sociais e Humanas). Para além da reflexão sobre as características do aparelho comercial português e das principais mudanças em curso, o projecto permitiu-nos estabelecer comparação com a realidade de outros países e estudar com mais detalhe a situação de três cidades médias da região centro, Leiria, Castelo Branco e Viseu. No primeiro capítulo são abordados alguns conceitos de base e apresenta-se uma breve síntese dos trabalhos efectuados neste domínio pela geografia. No segundo, faz-se uma caracterização do sector em Portugal, identificando as desigualdades entre ramos de actividade e regiões. O capítulo terceiro é destinado às estruturas da distribuição. Destacam-se as novas técnicas e formas de organização, o desenvolvimento da competição entre diferentes formas de distribuição e a intervenção que tem sido protagonizada pelos poderes públicos. No capítulo quarto privilegiam-se as características e comportamentos dos consumidores que ajudam a explicar as alterações no ambiente comercial. Finalmente, no capítulo quinto analisa-se a relação entre comércio e cidade numa perspectiva de desenvolvimento histórico, destacando o papel dos centros comerciais na nova estrutura funcional urbana, rematando com a caracterização do comércio em duas das cidades estudadas com mais pormenor, Leiria e Castelo Branco. As fontes de informação a que recorremos foram muito variadas e ao longo deste trabalho contactámos muitas pessoas e organismos. Nos órgãos autárquicos, nos empresários do comércio e serviços, nos grupos de distribuição e suas associações nacionais, bem como em diversos departamentos do Ministério do Comércio e Turismo encontrámos sempre boa vontade e espírito de colaboração.
Struktur Komunitas Fitoplankton dan Tingkat Pencemaran di Danau Dendam Tak Sudah, Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Putri Inten Diana
Published: January 2025

Dendam Tak Sudah Lake (DDTS) is an aquatic ecosystem and nature reserve located in Dusun Besar Village, Singgaran Pati District, Bengkulu City. Its presence serves not only as a tourist destination and irrigation water supply for rice fields but also as a habitat for phytoplankton. The land use changes around the DDTS Nature Reserve have impacted the water quality of the lake, and phytoplankton are among the biota affected by these pressures. This study aims to assess the phytoplankton community structure and the pollution level in DDTS. The research was conducted by identifying and counting each phytoplankton species found and analyzing water quality. The results of the study showed that the phytoplankton richness in DDTS consisted of 20 species, including 8 species from the Bacillariophyceae class, 6 species from the Chlorophyceae class, 2 species from the Cyanophyceae class, and 4 species from the Euglenophyceae class. The highest phytoplankton abundance was found at the inlet with 1,135.2 individuals/l, followed by the midlet with 1,095.6 individuals/l, and the outlet with 997.2 individuals/l. The diversity index values were high (2.6-2.8), the evenness index was high (0.95-0.96), and dominance was low (0.07-0.08). The saprobic coefficient in DDTS was classified as β-Meso/Oligosaprobic, indicating that the water quality is lightly polluted, with a saprobic index value ranging from 0.6 to 0.87.
Developing a ceRNA-based lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network to uncover roles in skeletal muscle development
Authors: Wenlun Wang , Chaohang Yu , Yan Huang , Wenbin Li , Nanqing Zhou , Qianmin Hu , Shengcai Wu , Qing Yuan , Shirui Yu , Feng Zhang , Lingyun Zhu
Published: January 2025

The precise role of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle development and atrophy remain elusive. We conducted a bioinformatic analysis of 26 GEO datasets from mouse studies, encompassing embryonic development, postnatal growth, regeneration, cell proliferation, and differentiation, using R and relevant packages (limma et al.). LncRNA-miRNA relationships were predicted using miRcode and lncBaseV2, with miRNA-mRNA pairs identified via miRcode, miRDB, and Targetscan7. Based on the ceRNA theory, we constructed and visualized the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network using ggalluvial among other R packages. GO, Reactome, KEGG, and GSEA explored interactions in muscle development and regeneration. We identified five candidate lncRNAs (Xist, Gas5, Pvt1, Airn, and Meg3) as potential mediators in these processes and microgravity-induced muscle wasting. Additionally, we created a detailed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, including interactions such as lncRNA Xist/miR-126/IRS1, lncRNA Xist/miR-486-5p/GAB2, lncRNA Pvt1/miR-148/RAB34, and lncRNA Gas5/miR-455-5p/SOCS3. Significant signaling pathway changes (PI3K/Akt, MAPK, NF-κB, cell cycle, AMPK, Hippo, and cAMP) were observed during muscle development, regeneration, and atrophy. Despite bioinformatics challenges, our research underscores the significant roles of lncRNAs in muscle protein synthesis, degradation, cell proliferation, differentiation, function, and metabolism under both normal and microgravity conditions. This study offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms governing skeletal muscle development and regeneration.
Impact of the external knee flexion moment on patello-femoral loading derived from in vivo loads and kinematics
Authors: Trepczynski Adam , Kneifel Paul , Heyland Mark , Leskovar Marko , Moewis Philippe , Damm Philipp , Taylor William R. , Zachow Stefan , Duda Georg N.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Anterior knee pain and other patello-femoral (PF) complications frequently limit the success of total knee arthroplasty as the final treatment of end stage osteoarthritis. However, knowledge about the in-vivo loading conditions at the PF joint remains limited, as no direct measurements are available. We hypothesised that the external knee flexion moment (EFM) is highly predictive of the PF contact forces during activities with substantial flexion of the loaded knee.

Materials and methods

Six patients (65–80 years, 67–101 kg) with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed two activities of daily living: sit-stand-sit and squat. Tibio-femoral (TF) contact forces were measured in vivo using instrumented tibial components, while synchronously internal TF and PF kinematics were captured with mobile fluoroscopy. The measurements were used to compute PF contact forces using patient specific musculoskeletal models. The relationship between the EFM and the PF contact force was quantified using linear regression.

Results

Mean peak TF contact forces of 1.97–3.24 times body weight (BW) were found while peak PF forces reached 1.75 to 3.29 times body weight (BW). The peak EFM ranged from 3.2 to 5.9 %BW times body height, and was a good predictor of the PF contact force (R2 = 0.95 and 0.88 for sit-stand-sit and squat, respectively).

Discussion

The novel combination of in vivo TF contact forces and internal patellar kinematics enabled a reliable assessment of PF contact forces. The results of the regression analysis suggest that PF forces can be estimated based solely on the EFM from quantitative gait analysis. Our study also demonstrates the relevance of PF contact forces, which reach magnitudes similar to TF forces during activities of daily living.
MicroRNAs in pancreatic cancer drug resistance: mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Authors: Dong Fangying , Zhou Jing , Wu Yijie , Gao Zhaofeng , Li Weiwei , Song Zhengwei
Published: January 2025

Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, primarily due to its intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), key regulators of gene expression, have been identified as crucial modulators of drug resistance mechanisms in this cancer type. This review synthesizes recent advancements in our understanding of how miRNAs influence treatment efficacy in PC. We have thoroughly summarized and discussed the complex role of miRNA in mediating drug resistance in PC treatment. By highlighting specific miRNAs that are implicated in drug resistance pathways, we provide insights into their functional mechanisms and interactions with key molecular targets. We also explore the potential of miRNA-based strategies as novel therapeutic approaches and diagnostic tools to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes. Despite promising developments, challenges such as specificity, stability, and effective delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics remain. This review aims to offer a critical perspective on current research and propose future directions for leveraging miRNA-based interventions in the fight against PC.
Stereotyped accent judgements in forensic contexts: listener perceptions of social traits and types of behaviour
Authors: Paver Alice , Wright David , Braber Natalie , Pautz Nikolas
Published: January 2025

This paper reports the findings from a multidisciplinary and cross-institutional Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funded project called ‘Improving Voice Identification Procedures’ (IVIP). People harbour stereotypes about particular accents, and those judgements may be brought with them into the legal domain. Considering the potential consequences of accent judgements by witnesses and jurors, this study examines the relationship between ratings for characteristics and the likelihood of acting in certain criminal and non-criminal ways. 180 participants completed an accent judgement task, rating 10 regionally-accented British voices on a range of traits and behaviours using a wider variety of accents, behaviours and criminal offences than previous research. Results indicate that evaluations of perceived characteristics based on accent translate into evaluations of likely behaviours. Non-standard UK regional accents are generally perceived more negatively than a standard one, but not universally; non-English accents elicited more positive trait and behaviour ratings than English accents. Furthermore, although accents evaluated as low-status were generally more likely to behave criminally according to listeners, this varied according to the type of crime. The discussion explores the forensic implications of the relationships between perceived status and criminality, as well as discussing the significance of perceptions of perpetrators of sexual offences when compared to other offence types. We emphasise the need for nuanced understanding of how accents are evaluated when it comes to different crime types.
Reproducible research policies and software/data management in scientific computing journals: a survey, discussion, and perspectives
Authors: Hernandez Jose Armando , Colom Miguel
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The recognized credibility crisis in scientific research has led to an increasing focus on reproducibility studies, particularly in computer science. Existing studies predominantly examine specific technological aspects of reproducibility but neglect the critical interplay between authors and publishers in enabling reproducible computational scientific research.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA Literature Review methodology, complemented by a Journals Survey. This approach enabled a comprehensive analysis of reproducibility policies and software/data management practices in scientific computing journals.

Results

The survey revealed significant variability in reproducibility policies and practices across computer science journals. Many gaps and challenges were identified, including inconsistencies in policy enforcement, lack of standardized tools, and insufficient recognition of software as a research artifact. The analysis highlighted the potential of Reproducibility as a Service (RaaS) as an innovative solution to address these challenges.

Discussion

This study underscores the need for improved standardization and implementation of reproducibility policies. Strategies to enhance reproducibility include fostering collaboration among authors, publishers, and technology providers, as well as recognizing software as a critical research output. The findings aim to guide stakeholders in bridging the current gaps and advancing the reproducibility of computational scientific articles.
Enhancing heart and circulatory well-being through optimized radial artery techniques: a meta-analysis of hemostasis and patient comfort
Authors: Yang Yanru , Zhu Hongyan , Zai Guangyao
Published: January 2025

Objective

This meta-analysis elucidates the efficacy of the Transradial Band Device (TR Band) in minimizing complications like radial artery occlusion and hematoma, preserving heart health, and enhancing blood flow post-transradial catheterization.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search across databases including PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase examined the impact of radial artery compression techniques and decompression times on complications. Data from 13 studies were analyzed using R 4.1.2 with fixed-effects and random-effects models. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed the risk of bias in observational cohort studies.

Results

In our meta-analysis, we evaluated data from various studies encompassing different air volumes in transradial band devices across several outcomes including bleeding, hematoma, radial artery occlusion (RAO), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and compression time. The collective analysis integrated findings from 11 studies, totaling 4,679 patients. No significant difference in bleeding risk (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.60–1.82, p > 0.05, I2 = 78%), hematoma incidence (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.78–1.19, p > 0.05, I2 = 0%), or RAO incidence (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.78–1.19, p > 0.05, I2 = 0%) was observed between the “Less air” and “15 ml air” groups. However, the “Less air” group reported significantly higher VAS scores indicating increased pain or discomfort (Mean Difference 0.25, 95% CI 0.09–0.41, p < 0.05, I2 = 0%). Compression time analyses showed no significant difference between groups (Mean Difference −17.73, 95% CI −54.65–19.20, p > 0.05, I2 = 99%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings, and Egger's test indicated no significant publication bias across the outcomes. This synthesis highlights the nuanced impact of air volume adjustments in transradial bands on patient outcomes, emphasizing the necessity for further research and standardized protocols to optimize patient safety and comfort post-intervention.

Conclusion

The TR Band, when utilized with optimized air volume/pressure, maintains an essential balance between ensuring hemostasis and enhancing patient comfort without elevating the risk of radial artery complications. These findings support the careful selection of TR Band settings to optimize clinical outcomes in patients undergoing transradial cardiac procedures. Further research is warranted to establish standardized guidelines for the most effective use of TR Band in various clinical scenarios.
Chinese and western medicine treatment of myocardial fibrosis drugs
Authors: Zhu Yuxi , Zhang Fangmei , Li Zhongcheng , Zhou Yu , Shu Yi , Ruan Jian , Chen Guo
Published: January 2025

Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a common pathological manifestation of many cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, and sudden cardiac death. It is characterized by excessive proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, transformation into myofibroblasts, and, eventually, excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix, resulting in heart damage. Currently, modern drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, and β-blockers can improve myocardial fibrosis in clinical treatment, but their therapeutic effect on this disease is limited, with obvious side effects and high cost. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the advantages of multiple targets, low cost, and few side effects. Traditional Chinese medicines, such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus, and Angelica extracts, and patent Chinese medicines, such as Qiliqiangxin capsules, Shenqi Yiqi dropping pills, and Tongxinluo capsules, can improve myocardial fibrosis. In this review, current Chinese and Western medicine methods for treating myocardial fibrosis are discussed. The signaling pathways and targets of Chinese and Western medicine are involved in the treatment of myocardial fibrosis. This review aimed to provide valuable insights and ideas for both clinical treatment and basic research on myocardial fibrosis.
Global burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to diet low in vegetables from 1990 to 2021 and forecasting the future trends: a population-based study
Authors: Mao Qingsong , Kong Yuzhe
Published: January 2025

Background

This investigation examines the worldwide impact of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) resulting from inadequate vegetable consumption, based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study data.

Method

The study assessed the global, regional, and national repercussions of low vegetable intake on CVD, with a focus on variations among different age and gender demographics. It further analyzed the correlation between disease burden and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), and employed an ARIMA model to predict future trends in CVD associated with insufficient vegetable consumption up to 2050.

Result

In 2021, a diet lacking in vegetables was responsible for roughly 682,400 deaths and 16 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributed to CVD, indicating a declining pattern over recent year. Individuals aged 75 and older were predominantly affected. Future projections indicate an expected rise in CVD incidence in lower-middle SDI regions, with African nations potentially experiencing increased challenges related to low vegetable consumption by 2030 and 2050.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the critical necessity for preventive measures against CVD and emphasize the significance of improving dietary habits, particularly vegetable intake.
Analysis and prediction of atmospheric ozone concentrations using machine learning
Authors: Räss Stephan , Leuenberger Markus C.
Published: January 2025

Atmospheric ozone chemistry involves various substances and reactions, which makes it a complex system. We analyzed data recorded by Switzerland's National Air Pollution Monitoring Network (NABEL) to showcase the capabilities of machine learning (ML) for the prediction of ozone concentrations (daily averages) and to document a general approach that can be followed by anyone facing similar problems. We evaluated various artificial neural networks and compared them to linear as well as non-linear models deduced with ML. The main analyses and the training of the models were performed on atmospheric air data recorded from 2016 to 2023 at the NABEL station Lugano-Università in Lugano, TI, Switzerland. As a first step, we used techniques like best subset selection to determine the measurement parameters that might be relevant for the prediction of ozone concentrations; in general, the parameters identified by these methods agree with atmospheric ozone chemistry. Based on these results, we constructed various models and used them to predict ozone concentrations in Lugano for the period between January 1, 2024, and March 31, 2024; then, we compared the output of our models to the actual measurements and repeated this procedure for two NABEL stations situated in northern Switzerland (Dübendorf-Empa and Zürich-Kaserne). For these stations, predictions were made for the aforementioned period and the period between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2023. In most of the cases, the lowest mean absolute errors (MAE) were provided by a non-linear model with 12 components (different powers and linear combinations of NO2, NOX, SO2, non-methane volatile organic compounds, temperature and radiation); the MAE of predicted ozone concentrations in Lugano was as low as 9 μgm−3. For the stations in Zürich and Dübendorf, the lowest MAEs were around 11 μgm−3 and 13 μgm−3, respectively. For the tested periods, the accuracy of the best models was approximately 1 μgm−3. Since the aforementioned values are all lower than the standard deviations of the observations we conclude that using ML for complex data analyses can be very helpful and that artificial neural networks do not necessarily outperform simpler models.
Study on the side friction resistance capacity of prefabricated pipe piles in coral reef strata
Authors: Zhang Hong , Gao Ran , Luo Huiwu , Chen Peishuai , Liu Haifeng
Published: January 2025

Coral reefs are widely distributed along the “Maritime Silk Road”, and their unique mechanical properties pose numerous challenges for marine engineering construction. The side friction resistance (SFR) capacity of traditional driven piles in coral reef strata remains unclear, and there is a lack of effective calculation methods. Furthermore, the complex marine environment imposes higher requirements on pile foundation construction and durability. In this study, a series of interfacial shear tests were carried out for coral sand and coral reef limestone (CRL) in the sea area near the Maldives islands and reefs, and the distribution law of the SFR of prefabricated pipe piles in coral sand was investigated by using a large-scale pile foundation model test apparatus. The interfacial shear behavior of the coral sand is similar to that of the crushed coral reef limestone, both of which experience ideal elastic-plastic changes, with an interfacial friction angle of approximately 35°. The ultimate SFR of the prefabricated pipe piles in coral sand increases gradually and then plateaus, and the distribution of the SFR along the depth direction can be simplified as a combination of triangular and rectangular patterns. Based on the distribution law of the pile SFR, this study establishes a modified formula for calculating SFR of the pile in coral sand, which is verified by comparing the calculated SFR capacity of driven piles of the China-Maldives Friendship Bridge with the results of the field test piles. This study provides an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the design and construction of pile foundation engineering in coral reef sea areas such as Maldives.
Evaluation of Upper Paleozoic source rocks in the southeastern margin of the Ordos Basin
Authors: Wan Yongping , Wang Zhenchuan , Cui Minrui , Liu Kouqi , Li Wu
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The Yanchang gas field in the southeastern Ordos Basin is an important region for natural gas exploration due to the presence of Upper Paleozoic coal-bearing source rocks. This study systematically evaluates these source rocks in terms of organic matter abundance, type, and thermal maturity to assess their hydrocarbon generation potential.

Methods

Organic geochemical analyses were performed to determine the total organic carbon (TOC) content, kerogen type, and thermal maturity of the source rocks. The Benxi and Taiyuan Formations were specifically targeted for detailed evaluation. Kerogen maceral analysis was used to classify organic matter types, while thermal maturity was assessed through vitrinite reflectance (Ro) values.

Results

The results indicate that the Upper Paleozoic source rocks exhibit high TOC content, with the Benxi and Taiyuan Formations showing excellent hydrocarbon generation potential. Kerogen maceral analysis identified predominantly Type III (humic) kerogen with some Type II2 (humic-sapropelic) components, suggesting a strong capacity for gas generation. Thermal maturity analysis revealed that the source rocks have reached the overmature dry gas stage, signifying advanced thermal evolution.

Discussion

The findings highlight the central and southern parts of the Yanchang gas field as promising exploration targets, characterized by high TOC content, favorable kerogen type indices, and high Ro values. These features collectively demonstrate the significant hydrocarbon generation potential of the Upper Paleozoic source rocks.

Conclusion

The Upper Paleozoic coal-bearing source rocks in the Yanchang gas field represent a highly prospective target for natural gas exploration, particularly in regions with favorable organic geochemical properties.
Numerical simulation of fracture evolution behaviors in deep roadway surrounding rock containing discontinuous joints
Authors: Hu Chengjun , Song Gang , Wang Jiyu , Zhao Baofu , Tao Zhengya , Wen Fan , Meng Bo
Published: January 2025

To explore the internal bearing characteristics and fracture evolution laws of discontinuous jointed rock mass in deep roadways, the −600 m main roadway in Xin ’an Coal Mine was used as the research background. The fracture fractal dimension D was employed to characterize the joint density, and an intermittent jointed roadway model, both without support and with anchor cable support, was modeled using the particle flow software PFC2D. The internal stress, deformation, and fracture characteristics of intermittent jointed surrounding rock in tunnels with different support methods and joint densities were studied from a microscopic perspective. The results indicate that during the bearing process of the bolt anchor support and unsupported roadway discontinuous jointed rock mass model, the main bearing area of both models transferred from the surface rock mass to the deep rock mass. The tensile cracks of the anchor cable support model were reduced by 57.7% compared with the unsupported model, effectively suppressed the tensile failure of the surrounding rock, and the convergence of the surrounding rock was substantially reduced. The density of intermittent joints was negatively correlated with the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock mass of roadways, and the increase of joint density the overall failure of the surrounding rock, and the possibility of roadway destabilization was increased. Importantly, the number and distribution of intermittent joints in the surface surrounding rock were closely related to the rupture characteristics of the roadways. When the load exceeded the ultimate load of the deep surrounding rock, stress fluctuation occurred due to the stress drop caused by its destruction. This fluctuation promoted the development of intermittent joints in the surface surrounding rock, increasing the risk of roadway destabilization.
Supportive teachers, active students: Is teacher support a promising key to engaging students with and without migration backgrounds?
Authors: Munk Simon , Holzberger Doris , Böheim Ricardo , Seidel Tina
Published: January 2025

Students with and without migration backgrounds differ in terms of their achievement. One approach to reducing the gap between the two groups may be through equal participation in classroom discourse. Here, supportive teaching behavior can be particularly important for promoting student participation. Especially teacher support after a student has made a mistake, the so-called error culture in the classroom, could pave the way for students to become active participants. In this study, we analyzed whether error culture as a facet of teacher support could be a promising key to engaging students with and without migration backgrounds. To investigate the generalizability of the process across different subjects, we examined video data from 20 eighth-grade classrooms of academic-track secondary schools in both German Language Arts and Mathematics (N = 387 students). The results from nested hierarchical linear models indicate that error culture is related to student participation in German Language Arts but not in Mathematics. Interestingly, students with and without migration backgrounds did not differ in terms of their participation in classroom discourse. Furthermore, teachers’ positive error culture supported students’ participation irrespective of their migration background. Therefore, we encourage teachers to continue to pay attention to their error culture as this seems relevant for all students in the classroom.
How you ask matters: evidence-based assessment connecting decentering, reappraisal, and self-reported wellbeing in a post-secondary sample
Authors: Wang Yiyi , Chung Joanne M. , Farb Norman A. S.
Published: January 2025

Effective and efficient Wellbeing measurement is essential within the social sciences and public health. Wellbeing is described as a three-factor construct composed of Life Satisfaction, Positive Affect, and Negative Affect, yet there are few measurement models validated for the increasingly popular use of longitudinal, app-based assessment. We explored Wellbeing measurement in a postsecondary student sample, including two mechanistic indicators described in Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory: Decentering and Positive Reappraisal. Across two studies, we compared and validated popular measurement models for each construct. The most parsimonious Wellbeing model indicated only a two-factor structure comprised of positive (e.g., happiness, life satisfaction, and flourishing) and negative dimensions (e.g., anger, sadness, and anxiety). A third study revealed that a three-factor structure for Wellbeing was only supported when sampling a greater diversity of positive emotions than the earlier studies. Furthermore, while the Mindfulness-to-Meaning pathway to Wellbeing was replicated, only some operationalizations of Decentering and Reappraisal accounted for variance in Wellbeing. Concrete recommendations for the longitudinal assessment are provided. This research contributes not only to our understanding of Wellbeing, but also informs its optimal assessment in longitudinal research such as clinical trials and experience sampling studies.
Causal relationships between plasma lipidome and diabetic neuropathy: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Zhaoxiang , Liu Zhong , Yang Qichao , Qiao Huibo , Yin Yong , Zhao Zhiyong , Shao Xuejing
Published: January 2025

Background

Dyslipidemia is closely related to diabetic neuropathy. This study examined the potential causal relationship involving 179 lipid species and the disease.

Methods

The pooled data on 179 lipid species and diabetic neuropathy were obtained from previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A Mendelian Randomization (MR) method was employed to investigate the potential causal link, and the robustness of the findings was confirmed through comprehensive sensitivity analyses.

Results

Genetically, phosphatidylcholine might be associated with the risk of diabetic neuropathy. Upon adjusting for multiple comparisons, higher levels of phosphatidylcholine (16:0_20:2) (OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.73-0.91; P < 0.001, FDR = 0.033) and phosphatidylcholine (16:1_18:1) (OR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.67-0.88; P < 0.001, FDR = 0.019) are associated with a decreased risk of diabetic neuropathy. Further multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis demonstrated the effect of genetically predicted phosphatidylcholine (16:1_18:1) remained after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Sensitivity assessments have confirmed the robustness of these findings, revealing no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy.

Conclusion

Our research linked certain lipid species with diabetic neuropathy risk, suggesting that targeting lipids could be a therapeutic strategy in clinical trials addressing this condition.
The relationship between C-reactive protein to lymphocyte ratio and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in US adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: He Pengfei , Zhang Jiao , Tian Ni , Deng Yuanyuan , Zhou Min , Tang Cheng , Ma Yu , Zhang Mianzhi
Published: January 2025

Objective

The C-reactive protein/Lymphocyte Ratio (CLR) is a novel biomarker whose role in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between CLR and the prevalence of CKD.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 1999 and 2010. Multivariate regression analyses and subgroup analyses were performed, controlling for socio-demographic variables, lifestyle behaviors, chronic diseases associated with kidney disease, and biochemical markers of bone metabolism. The associations between CLR and CKD prevalence, as well as indicators of renal damage, were explored. Non-linear relationships were analyzed using weighted restricted cubic splines. The predictive ability of CLR for CKD was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve was calculated. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the model.

Results

A total of 13,862 respondents were included, comprising 2,449 CKD patients and 11,413 non-CKD patients. Weighted logistic regression modeling revealed a positive correlation between CLR levels and CKD prevalence (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.54, 95% Confidence interval [CI] = 1.30 to 1.83, P < 0.001). Additionally, CLR levels were negatively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate, a marker of renal injury, and positively correlated with the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that the area under the curve for CLR in predicting CKD was 0.653 (95% CI, 0.641–0.665). The optimal cutoff value was 0.856, with a sensitivity of 0.703, specificity of 0.526, positive predictive value of 0.874, and negative predictive value of 0.275. The robustness of the model was confirmed through subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

Analysis of a large cross-sectional dataset demonstrated a positive correlation between CLR levels and CKD prevalence, suggesting that CLR may serve as a novel marker for the development and treatment of CKD.
Exploring high-performance green innovation in China’s logistics companies: a TOE framework based on fsQCA
Authors: Li Shuhua , Zhu Jiaqi , Chen Peixian , Li Zhao , Liao Caisheng , Feng Wei
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the Chinese logistics industry has experienced rapid development. However, this expansion is accompanied by significant challenges, including high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Despite these issues, the key factors improving logistics firms’ green innovation remain insufficiently explored. This study fills this gap by utilizing the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework as a foundation, introducing a comprehensive analytical model to investigate the dynamics of green innovation in logistics companies. Moreover, after employing fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) with data from 83 logistics firms in China, the research examines the complex interplay between technological, organizational, and environmental factors and their strategic influence on green innovation performance. The study yields three pivotal findings: (1) High-level green innovation performance is not predicated on a single factor. (2) Logistics firms can attain superior green innovation performance through two driving paths: Core competencies and market pressure driven as well as technological innovation and government subsidies driven. (3) The analysis of low-level green innovation performance reveals that four distinct paths can culminate in this outcome, with the lack of digitalization, organizational slack, and market pressure being instrumental in this result. These insights highlight the principles of “multiple concurrency” and “different paths leading to the same goal,” significantly enhancing the current knowledge base on green innovation performance and deepening our understanding of the multifaceted drivers of high-performance green innovation in logistics companies. Moreover, the discoveries offer practical implications for firms and the government to improve green innovation performance within the logistics industry.
Carbon emission and energy risk management in mega sporting events: challenges, strategies, and pathways
Authors: Su Xiao-zhong , Chen Li , Xu Xin Long
Published: January 2025

Carbon emissions from mega sporting events pose a serious challenge to the sustainable development of the global environment, and the management of carbon emissions and energy efficiency in sporting events has become a focus of attention for both countries and international organizations. However, most existing research focuses on carbon emissions in sporting events is limited by a narrow focus on individual cases, limited attention to indirect emissions, insufficient integration of socioeconomic dimensions, a lack of broader data coverage, the adoption of interdisciplinary methodologies, and an emphasis on lifecycle energy risk management to provide robust support for sustainable event practices and policy development. To remedy these deficiencies, this study systematically compiles the current situation of carbon emissions in sports activities, analyzes the carbon emission characteristics and energy-saving potential of different types of sporting events, and summarizes the excellent cases of carbon emission and energy efficiency management in sports activities. The study reveals that large-scale sporting events generate substantial carbon emissions and energy consumption in transportation, venue construction, and event operation. However, carbon emissions and energy usage can be significantly reduced by optimizing venue locations, promoting green transportation, and implementing energy-saving measures at all stages. This study not only provides empirical data and theoretical support for the management of carbon emissions and energy efficiency in sporting events but also proposes practical and feasible suggestions that are highly important for the sustainable development of future sporting events. The findings have reference value for policymakers and event organizers in planning and implementing energy-saving and low-carbon events, helping promote environmental governance and sustainable development in the sports sector.
Clean energy development and low-carbon transition in China’s power industry
Authors: Cai Yuxuan , Loi Edmund HoiNgan , Tung Chih-Lin , Wang Hao , Zheng Jiansong
Published: January 2025

Introduction

China is the largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the world, with its power industry being the primary source of these emissions. The high emission levels are primarily attributed to the extensive consumption of fossil resources during thermal power generation. Developing clean energy power generation to replace thermal power generation is one of the main strategies to mitigate the high level of carbon emissions in the power industry and thus promoting its low-carbon transition.

Method

To explore the relationship between China’s development level of clean electricity and carbon emissions from thermal power, this paper conducts an empirical study using provincial data from 2008 to 2021, while employing fixed-effects models, mediation effect tests, and heterogeneity tests.

Results and discussion

The results indicate that an increase in the level of clean electricity development reduces CO2 emissions from thermal power, and this effect exhibits a trend of diminishing from the eastern economic zone to the western economic zone in China. In the eastern regions with higher levels of urbanization, the development of clean electricity has a more significant effect on mitigating CO2 emissions from thermal power, whereas upgrading industrial structure in central and western regions contributes more in decreasing CO2 emissions from thermal power. Research and development (R&D) investment plays a significant mediating role and thus helps to improve the level of clean electricity development and reduce carbon emissions. Finally, the policy implications are proposed to intensify R&D investment, promote crossregional cooperation in sharing of clean energy, implement differentiated clean energy development policies, and establish a sustainable monitoring and evaluation system.
Dynamic simulation of landscape ecological risk in Gansu’s farming-pastoral ecotone based on topographic gradients
Authors: Yang Le , Yan Jixuan , Li Guang , Ma Weiwei , Li Tao , Gao Pengcheng , Li Qiang , Yao Xiangdong , Li Jie , Wang Wenning
Published: January 2025

The farming-pastoral ecotone in Gansu Province, a crucial green barrier in northwestern China, faces a conflict between economic development and environmental fragility. Scientifically assessing the landscape ecological risks in this region is essential for developing an early warning system for ecological security and ensuring the sustainable management of regional ecosystems. This study systematically analyzes the dynamic evolution patterns and clustering characteristics of landscape ecological risk along the topographic gradient in the area, using Land-Use and Land-Cover Change (LUCC) data from five periods (each period representing 10 years) between 1980 and 2020, as well as Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. Methods such as CA-Markov and the Topographic Position Index (TPI) were employed to assess these risks. Additionally, the study simulates the spatial distribution patterns of ecological risks in future years. The results reveal that from 1980 to 2020, the area of built-up land in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Gansu Province increased by approximately 82%, with roughly 21% of the expansion occurring at the expense of grasslands and 53% from arable land. Ecological risk in the study area exhibits a spatial distribution pattern characterized by lower risk in the southwest and higher risk in the northeast. Overall, ecological risk initially increased and then decreased. The area of high-risk zones has steadily decreased by approximately 50% since 2010, primarily in regions with low topographic gradients and high human activity. In other areas, high-risk levels are directly proportional to the topographic gradient, showing a high degree of spatial clustering. Consequently, land-use planning should be tailored to local conditions, and a long-term monitoring mechanism should be established. This study provides novel insights into the spatiotemporal changes in landscape ecological risk in ecologically vulnerable areas, focusing on topographic gradients.