bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF LUMBAR DISK ARTHROPLASTY AND LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LUMBAR INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DEGENERATIVE DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Stepanov Ivan A. , Beloborodov Vladimir A ,   Irkutsk State Medical University
Published: September 2024

Relevance. Patients with long-standing discogenic low back pain who do not show clinical improvement after conservative treatment are referred for surgical treatments such as lumbar fusion or total disc arthroplasty. The purpose –– to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of total intervertebral disc arthroplasty (TDA) and lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) in patients with degenerative lumbar intervertebral disk disease. Material and methods. A comprehensive literature search strategy was developed in the PubMed/Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Randomized Controlled Trials databases. Studies were searched between January 2005 and May 2024 without restrictions on level of evidence or publication status. Both English-language articles and domestic publications were analyzed. Results. The systematic review included four randomized controlled trials covering the long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of 1325 patients with degenerative lumbar intervertebral disk disease. There are no differences in the operating time in the total intervertebral disc arthroplasty and lumbar interbody fusion groups. In the lumbar interbody fusion group, the volume of blood loss exceeded that in the total intervertebral disc arthroplasty group of intervertebral disks. There were no differences between the total intervertebral disc arthroplasty and lumbar interbody fusion groups in the severity of low back pain on the visual analogue scale. In the total intervertebral disc arthroplasty group, the level of patient disability according to the Oswestry Disability Index is on average 9 % higher than in the lumbar interbody fusion group. The percentage of satisfaction with the operation in the group of patients after total intervertebral disc arthroplasty exceeds this indicator in the group of patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion. The analysis of the incidence of complications demonstrated the absence of differences between the compared techniques. The frequency of reoperations in the total intervertebral disc arthroplasty group of intervertebral disks at the lumbar level is 48 % less than that in the lumbar interbody fusion group. Conclusion. The obtained clinical results of total intervertebral disc arthroplasty of intervertebral disks at the lumbar level with preservation of the range of motion of the operated segment and the entire lumbar spine suggest that this technique is a promising alternative to lumbar interbody fusion.
FOOD METABOLISM AND OBESITY. REPORT 2 (CONSUMPTION, DEPOSIT, SPENDING)
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Maiboroda Askold A
Published: September 2024

Background. The high percentage of people with overweight and obesity is a social problem almost all over the world. The main cause of obesity is overeating. Understanding the pattern of gradual food intake, its expenditure and deposi-tion is the basis of rational nutrition. Results. The lecture presents the order of macronutrient utilization in the process of abdominal and cellular digestion. It is shown that the utilization of proteins, lipids and polysaccharides occurs by changing sequential states: poly-mer ↔ monomer. The deposition of polymers and oxidation of monomers has organ specificity, while the deposition of glycogen is limited, and the deposition of fats is carried out proportionally to the excess of consumed macronutrients. Under conditions of regular and frequent nutrition, the needs of the basal metabolism are provided by glycogenolysis and glycolysis. Under conditions of fasting and physical activity, fats become in demand, which through hydrolysis and subsequent oxidation of fatty acids, are converted into acetyl-CoA and are used in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Under conditions of regular, excessive nutrition and low physical activity, adipocyte triglycerides are required by the body only for the basal metabolism. The deposition of food organic by the human body ensures the continuous need of vital activity under conditions of peri-odic food intake. The deposited reserve guarantees the state of homeostasis. The volumes of carbohydrate deposition are strictly controlled, but the volumes of deposited fats can significantly exceed their reserve needs. Under conditions of frequent and abundant nutrition, adipocyte fats are practically not in demand by the body, and the excess of con-sumed proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are converted into fats. The expenditure of nutrients consumed by a person is controlled by the basal metabolism, thermogenesis and psy-chophysical activity. People cannot control the basal metabolism. It ensures the very existence of a person (gas exchange, blood circulation, excretion, cellular homeostasis, etc.). A person can control the volume of food consump-tion and include expenditure on bursts of muscle activity – there are receptors for adrenaline in muscles. Adrenaline stimulates glycolysis in muscle cells and lipolysis in adipocytes. Increased physical activity and fasting are the only ways in which a person can “include” the expenditure of triglycerides. Conclusion. When the body’s expenditure on basic metabolism, thermogenesis and psychophysical activity is satis-fied, the deposit system automatically, without our conscious participation, deposits triglycerides in volume of more than half of the dry body mass. There are simply no other ways to control food surpluses in the body. All food surpluses are deposited in fats.
MESSAGE FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF TO THE READERS OF THE FALL 2024 ISSUE OF THE "BAIKAL MEDICAL JOURNAL"
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Shcherbatykh Andrey Viktorovich
Published: September 2024

Dear readers of the "Baikal Medical Journal"! A new issue of the "Baikal Medical Journal" has been published. In this issue of the journal, we have published many rare clinical observations, fundamental lectures and reviews on the main scientific areas of our publication.
Atualização Confiável dos Modelos de Detecção de Intrusão Baseada em Aprendizagem de Máquina
Authors: Horchulhack Pedro , Santin Altair Olivo , Viegas Eduardo Kugler
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um novo método para atualizar modelos de detecção de intrusão usando aprendizado de fluxo, reduzindo eventos para atualização e custos computacionais. Instâncias rejeitadas na classificação são armazenadas para atualização incremental, permitindo rotulação automática a partir de repositórios públicos. Experimentos mostraram que a proposta reduz os falsos-positivos em até 12%, rejeitando 8% das instâncias, em uma base de dados de 2.6 TB. A abordagem consome apenas 3,2% do tempo de processamento e 2% de novas instâncias em comparação com técnicas tradicionais.
Web xKaliBurr: uma Plataforma Online para Levantamento de Informações em Pentest em Aplicações na Internet
Authors: Barros Daniel R. , Cabral Lucas , Oliveira João V. A. , Castro Felipe M. , Soares Lucas L. , Monteiro José M. , Bento Joaquim , Rocha Lincoln S.
Published: September 2024

A etapa de Levantamento de Informações em Pentests web é fundamental pois estabelece as bases para todas as atividades subsequentes. Contudo, um levantamento abrangente exige o uso manual de várias ferramentas que demandam conhecimento técnico avançado. Propomos o Web xKaliBurr, uma ferramenta online de código aberto que automatiza a etapa de levantamento de informações. Com uma interface amigável, a ferramenta realiza varreduras amplas a partir da URL do site, fornecendo uma gama maior de informações e recomendações de investigação, permitindo que usuários sem conhecimento avançado possam avaliar a segurança de seus sites e detectar possíveis falhas ou vulnerabilidades.
EXSS: Um Emulador Educativo de Ataques Cross-Site Scripting
Authors: Guarizi Bianca Domingos , Alves Isabela Maira Mendite , Souza Júlia Abbud Fernandez e , Pimentel Guilherme Oliveira , Watanabe João André Campos , Mascarenhas Dalbert Matos , Bastos Ian Vilar , Rubinstein Marcelo Gonçalves , Moraes Igor Monteiro
Published: September 2024

Este artigo propõe um emulador de ataques Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) para o aprendizado em cibersegurança. O emulador permite que usuários identifiquem sítios Web vulneráveis a ataques XSS em um ambiente controlado. A identificação de vulnerabilidades se dá pela realização de atividades que são compostas por uma introdução teórica sobre o assunto da atividade, seguida de procedimentos práticos para a realização de testes de vulnerabilidade XSS em um servidor Web executado em uma máquina virtual. São desenvolvidas atividades para diferentes níveis de conhecimento. A particularidade do emulador proposto é a sua abordagem educativa e seu objetivo é conscientizar alunos de graduação e profissionais a desenvolver sítios Web menos vulneráveis.
IWSHAP: Uma Ferramenta para Seleção Incremental de Características utilizando IWSS e SHAP
Authors: Scherer Felipe H. , Dresch Felipe N. , Quincozes Silvio E. , Kreutz Diego , Quincozes Vagner E.
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho apresenta a ferramenta IWSHAP, que combina o algoritmo Iterative Wrapper Subset Selection (IWSS) com valores SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) para encontrar o melhor conjunto de características e maximizar o desempenho de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina. Os resultados em um cenário de detecção de intrusões em redes veiculares indicam que a ferramenta é eficaz na redução de datasets por meio da seleção de características, alcançando taxas elevadas de redução (e.g., 90%) e mantendo altas métricas de desempenho do modelo (acima de 90%).
Aspectos de Segurança da Comunicação Baseada em Papéis usando WebRTC
Authors: Netto Victor G. , Costa Fábio M.
Published: September 2024

As abordagens dirigidas por modelos oferecem uma maneira efetiva para que pessoas não especializadas em desenvolvimento de software criem aplicações complexas em diferentes domínios. Um desses domínios refere-se à comunicação em tempo real, em que uma linguagem de modelagem de alto nível é usada para definir sessões de comunicação com estruturas e comportamentos não-triviais. O tema de segurança emerge naturalmente na implementação desse tipo de linguagem, seja na manutenção dos requisitos básicos como confidencialidade, integridade e autenticação, seja na aplicação das restrições de comunicação especificadas nos modelos de sessão. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise das ameaças presentes em uma linguagem de modelagem de comunicação denominada de RBCML, que introduz uma camada de gerenciamento de papéis de usuário em sistemas de comunicação baseados em WebRTC. O trabalho propõe um modelo de segurança para mitigar as ameaças identificadas na implementação da linguagem.
Wiedergeburt
Authors: Schweidler Walter
Published: September 2024

Ein Vierteljahrhundert der Suche eines Autors nach der verlorenen Zeit, unternommen in der Einsamkeit und Freiheit eigenständigen Denkens, um entgegen allen akademischen Modeströmungen zurückzufinden zu den Quellen lebendigen Philosophierens. Band II spürt die Vergangenheit, die niemals Gegenwart war, als den Zeitort auf, aus dem heraus der Mensch sein Leben und den Ursprung seiner Gesellschaft seit jeher zu verstehen und in den hinein er es und sie zu führen gesucht hat. Die Schichten und Stadien dieser Suche – mythisch-magisches, totemistisches, kultisches, religiöses, imperiales und nationales Bewusstsein – bilden die Schienen einer kulturanthropologisch codierten Denkbewegung, die (im Dialog mit den wichtigsten Interpretationen des humanen als des genuin zeichenhaften Daseins, von Goethe, Kafka und Wittgenstein über Lévi-Strauss und Merleau-Ponty bis zu Cassirer, Ricoeur und Proust) die Spur der Erlösung vom Lebenslos aufnimmt.
Wiedergeburt
Authors: Schweidler Walter
Published: September 2024

Die vielleicht tiefste Entdeckung, die die Philosophie im 20. Jahrhundert gemacht hat, scheint ihr noch kaum zu Bewusstsein gekommen: Es gibt die Vergangenheit, die niemals Gegenwart war, die verlorene, die Andere Zeit. Sie ist die Zeit der Mythen, der Erzählungen, der Bilder, der Träume, der Gedanken und auch die Zeit der Wahrheit. Aus ihr erfahren wir den Unterschied von »vorbei« und »nie gewesen«. Womöglich ist sie es sogar, woher wir kommen und wohin wir gehen – gesetzt, es gelingt, uns zu ihr umzuwenden. Band I versucht in vielfältigen Annäherungen der inneren Bewegung dieses Gedankens auch formal zu entsprechen.
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Postural Control And Quality Of Life In Stroke Patients
Authors: Baskan Özden , Demir Cansu
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between postural control and quality of life in stroke patients.
Method: This cross-sectional study included 90 patients who had a stroke and were continuing to participate in a physiotherapy program. Demographic information and the duration of the stroke were recorded. Postural control and balance were measured with the Postural Assessment Scale (PASS-Turk) and quality of life was assessed with the Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL).
Results: Of the 90 stroke patients included in the study, 53.3% were women (n=48) and 46.7% were men (n=42). The mean age of the participants was 51.96 ± 14.64 years. The mean body mass index of the patients in the overweight group was 26.07 ± 4.27 kg/m². The mean score of the PASS-Turk scale was 20.97 ± 8.87 and the mean score of the SS-QOL scale was 131.77 ± 41.76. A moderately significant correlation was found between the scores of the stroke patients on the PASS-Turk scale and the SS-QOL scale (r= 0.65, p
PSIKOEDUKASI SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SOSIAL BEBAS BULLYING
Authors: Parihah Nurasiah Sofa , Sapitri Denisa , Kamalah Lu'luatul , Fadillah Bahri Aliffaldi , Zikri Fahreza , Fahmi Median Muhammad , Nauval Mubaarok Muhammad , Jannah Wahiddin Anbar , Abdillah Rasa , Ilyasa  Amrullah Muhammad , Khoirun Nisa Siti
Published: September 2024

Perundungan telah muncul sebagai masalah sosial yang signifikan di lembaga pendidikan yang menyebabkan konsekuensi psikologis yang parah bagi para korbannya, termasuk depresi dan kecemasan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan peran psikoedukasi sebagai pendekatan komprehensif untuk memerangi perundungan di kalangan siswa. Dengan mengintegrasikan unsur pendidikan dengan intervensi psikologis, psikoedukasi bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran diri, pertumbuhan pribadi, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah di kalangan siswa. Kegiatan ini dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung ke SDN 2 Jati Kabupaten Garut yang berfokus pada pemberian edukasi mengenai jenis-jenis perundungan dan dampaknya terhadap korban dan pelaku, serta strategi pencegahan yang harus dilakukan. Program ini melibatkan audiens dalam diskusi, kegiatan interaktif, dan memanfaatkan sumber daya multimedia untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran dan perilaku proaktif terhadap perundungan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa inisiatif seperti ini sangat penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan sosial yang sehat dan bebas dari intimidasi di sekolah.
Le discours actuel sur les transclasses et les autosociobiographies en France et en Allemagne : un entre-deux à bien des égards
Authors: Schuhen Gregor
Published: September 2024

L’article aborde tout d'abord la thèse selon laquelle les autosociobiographies constituent une forme narrative hybride qui peut très bien être caractérisée par le modèle de l’« entre-deux ». On peut constater que les récits autosociobiographiques franchissent les frontières entre la littérature et les sciences sociales, en racontant des parcours personnels dans le miroir d’un diagnostic socio-analytique. Au niveau du texte, le caractère hybride peut également être démontré à l’aide des protagonistes transclasses car des individus passent d’un milieu d’origine populaire à la bourgeoisie. Sur le plan narratologique, ce caractère « entre-deux » se manifeste à travers le statut du narrateur autodiégétique : le « je » narré est représentatif du milieu d’origine modeste, tandis que le « je » narrateur a déjà pris pied dans le milieu bourgeois. Ces deux niveaux du « je » se rapprochent de plus en plus au fil du récit autosociobiographique, ce qui reflète aussi la mobilité sociale des protagonistes.Dans un deuxième temps, l’accent est mis sur le discours sur les transclasses et la réception des autosociobiographies, en adoptant une perspective comparative entre la France et l’Allemagne. Il s’avère que les débats en France sont bien plus controversés qu’en Allemagne. Cela s’explique d’une part par le fait que les autosociobiographies ont une tradition nettement plus longue en France, alors qu’elles n’ont été découvertes en Allemagne qu’à partir de 2016 et que le courant ne s’est imposé que lentement. Qui plus est, l’acuité des débats en France est due au fait que les catégories sociales de classe et du milieu d’origine ont été intégrées dans les controverses générales sur les politiques d’identité, ce que l’on ne peut pas (encore) observer en Allemagne en 2023/2024.La dernière étape consiste à expliquer dans quelle mesure le fait que de nombreux auteurs transclasses se considèrent comme des ‘héritiers’ de Bourdieu est également en partie responsable des débats parfois âpres qui ont lieu en France. Le fait que Bourdieu ait lui-même une biographie transclasse et que ses recherches et son engagement social aient déjà fait l’objet de vives critiques de son vivant de la part des représentants conservateurs de sa discipline et aussi des médias conservateurs est sans doute l’une des raisons pour lesquelles ses héritiers autoproclamés doivent eux aussi faire face à tant de vents contraires.
Être Écossais, un entre-deux permanent ? Réflexions sur le pluralisme identitaire dans un État d’union
Authors: Camp-Pietrain Edwige
Published: September 2024

L’identité écossaise constitue un entre-deux car l’Écosse, indépendante jusqu’au XVIIe siècle, a conservé de nombreuses spécificités en formant la Grande-Bretagne à l’issue d’une union législative avec l’Angleterre. Cette identité nationale, loin d’être exclusive, est souvent associée à d’autres identités. Cet article met en évidence, grâce à des sources primaires, son utilisation par les partis politiques pour justifier l’adoption de politiques publiques distinctes, dans le cadre de la dévolution du pouvoir, ou de l’indépendance à venir pour certains. Il soutient que le Brexit, lié à l’affirmation d’une identité anglaise, pourrait entraîner une recomposition de cet équilibre.
La Polynésie française est-elle dans ou hors la République ?
Authors: Venayre Florent
Published: September 2024

Les liens institutionnels entre la République française et ses outre-mer n’ont cessé d’évoluer au cours de l’Histoire, affirmant chaque fois un peu plus, dans le temps, les diverses spécificités de ces territoires de la République. La Polynésie française ne fait pas exception, bien au contraire, elle qui constitue après la Nouvelle-Calédonie le territoire ultramarin disposant à l’heure actuelle du plus fort degré d’autonomie, y compris par l’adoption de signes distinctifs forts qui soulignent son individualité. Elle est à la fois profondément différente – et tant éloignée – de la France hexagonale, mais constitue également une partie intégrante de la République a priori soumise à ses principes fondamentaux. Cet ‘entre-deux’ aux antipodes de la planète, cependant, ne se réalise pas sans certains grands écarts qui peuvent surprendre. L’autonomie polynésienne, progressivement construite, a ainsi donné lieu à un système économique et fiscal très en marge de ce que l’on peut connaître usuellement, jusqu’à pouvoir heurter parfois la compréhension des Français de métropole qui y sont confrontés. À la lumière de ce système propre et d’expériences réglementaires nouvelles en matière de protection de l’emploi et du foncier, nous nous proposons de discuter les particularités de la Polynésie française, qui en font un territoire français qui n’est pas la France, un élément de la République qui lui échappe pourtant parfois, un ‘entre-deux’ non pas seulement institutionnel, mais aussi économique et fiscal, l’éloignant parfois sensiblement des valeurs ou principes généralement considérés comme acquis.
Music and Memory in Cinema – The topos of Mourning in The Dead (John Huston, 1987), Broken Lullaby (Ernst Lubitsch, 1932) and Brief Encounter (David Lean, 1948)
Authors: Beauregard Raphaëlle Costa de
Published: September 2024

The relations between the two concepts are examined through a single topos, mourning, which the three films have in common. Huston’s film follows Joyce’s key scene in which a voice which is heard singing a ballad has an emotional impact on the heroine by awakening her memory of her dead lover. Lubitsch uses a similar device, when Schumann’s Lullaby is played and arouses the hearers’ memory of the dead soldier. The cinema’s use of music and memory is brought to greater complexity in the third film, owing to inner monologue, while Rachmaninov’s Second Piano Concerto is adapted to the film’s narrative and becomes film music.
“Song Back”: Music/al Performance as Activism and Archive in Harlan County USA (1976)
Authors: Santos Aquino Rowena
Published: September 2024

Barbara Kopple’s debut documentary film Harlan County USA (1976) captures and continues an oral history tradition specific to a geography expressed particularly in song in covering the 1973-1974 Brookside strike among coal miners and their families in rural eastern Kentucky. This article examines the aesthetics of the film’s sound design, and how the film is positioned to capture audiovisually not only the strike as it happened but also the historical role of song/songwriting as present-tense expressions of protest and solidarity and as an archive of collective identity/experience, by using a more sound- and song-based interpretation of Jane Gaines’ concept of “political mimesis.” Rather than serving merely as background music overwhelmed by and secondary to the images and situations that unfold on camera, songs performed on screen and played on the soundtrack express the collective spirit and solidarity of the striking miners and their families that span generations and therefore play an important testimonial role within the documentary. Kopple’s decision to use songs specific to this community and region not only remembers as well as continues the significant role of song among miners, their families, and their personal/professional associates, particularly among women, but also reveals the multifaceted use of music in relation to remembering, fostering a sense of belonging, and expressing dissent. I thus also examine the history of protest songwriting/performance by women in the Appalachian region in connection to the key role that they played in the strike.
The relationship between diegetic music and memory in two early Hitchcock films
Authors: Bennett Marie Joséphine
Published: September 2024

The function of music in a number of the films directed by Alfred Hitchcock during his time in Hollywood has been widely explored, especially with regard to his collaboration with composer Bernard Herrmann, who wrote the music for such films as Vertigo (1958), North by Northwest (1959) and Psycho (1960). However, even in Hitchcock’s early British movies, it is clear that care was given to the ways in which music was employed within the filmic narratives. This article focuses on the use of diegetic music, i.e., the music that can be heard by the characters in a movie, in two of Hitchcock’s British films, namely The 39 Steps (1935) and The Lady Vanishes (1938). Both of the storylines are based upon novels, yet neither book features music as one of its themes. The function and impact of certain diegetic melodies in the filmed versions of both stories is therefore of particular interest. I argue that the relationship between music and memory in the two films is crucial within the narratives, not only in the way the stories are presented and linked to main characters, but also with regard to how the strands of the plots are drawn together at the end of each movie. As I exemplify, in each case, the connection between the diegetic melodies I discuss, and the remembrance of this music by a main character, proves to be an important and elucidating theme within the films.
“Shallow fopp’ry” and “music of the spheres”: the multifarious mnemonic values of music in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice
Authors: Szanto Elisabeth
Published: September 2024

In The Merchant of Venice, music is perceived both mentally through the words alluding to it – literally or metaphorically – and from the sounds of the words – through resounding rhetorical forms and the musicality of language. These musical encounters address the memory of the characters and audience alike, reviving traumatic experiences or reminding them of joyous events. In addition, the characters’ lines are environed by songs and instrumental music, psychically inspiring and contributing to reach a desired and universal harmony, as recorded in classical texts.This paper offers close readings of the musical and rhetorical strategies at work in the play’s text (as well as in some recent performances) to shed light on the ways in which music is embedded in the play and stimulates memorization processes. At the same time, it shows how Shakespeare’s play serves as a reminder of Early Modern social and religious issues tied in to the understanding of music and its practices.
The impportance and ways of developing intercultural competence in teaching foreign languages in higher education institution
Authors: Atamova Leyla
Published: September 2024

Until the end of the 20th century, people of different languages faced gaps while learning other foreign languages. In order to bridge this global gap, the concept of “Intercultural Competence” was introduced into science as a competence that reflects the characteristics of two or more cultures through cognitive communication. As intercultural competence improves, the processes of international integration in the fields of science, culture, and business have led to the formation of multicultural societies. This also required people to enhance their personal potential and creativity. These changes began to be implemented in many educational systems. It must also be said that these new conditions revealed some shortcomings in the education system. For example, in the past, the cultural values of other societies were not taken into account enough, and the purpose of learning a new foreign language was only to communicate. Now, learning a new language also means thoroughly acquiring other cultures. The presented article briefly examines how scientific understanding about intercultural competence changes and how trade, mutual relations between countries contribute to the cultural exchange. It is mentioned in the article that mastering foreign languages is not enough for successful mutual communication, students should have knowledge about intercultural communication also. Effective intercultural communication has become a priority today due to its importance in understanding the world’s cultural diversity. It is also stated in the article that along with professional and communication skills, a university graduate should know the cultural characteristics of other nationalities. This allows them to interact with representatives of foreign cultures and to possess such qualities as tolerance, openness, and a willingness to communicate. To form intercultural communicative competence in students includes awareness of their native culture. The article emphasizes all the essential aspects of developing intercultural competence in students and examines the prevailing methods for a deeper study of this issue.
The Effect of Consuming Boiled Eggs on the Acceleration of Healing of Post Sectio Caesarea Wounds in the Working Area of the Pandanwangi Health Center, Malang City
Authors: Subekti Imam
Published: September 2024

Caesarean Section (CS) is a surgical procedure to give birth to a baby by making an incision in the uterine wall. Healing of CS wounds requires high protein, but many mothers avoid protein-rich foods for fear of worsening the wound. One of the nutrients that is high in protein, economical, and easy to find is eggs, because one egg contains > 90% Ca and Fe, 9 essential amino acids, and 6 grams of quality protein proven to accelerate wound healing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of boiled eggs on accelerating wound healing Post Sectio Caesarea in the work area of the Pandanwangi Health Center, Malang City in 2024. This research method uses a Quasi Experiment design, the sampling method uses a purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 22 people divided into treatment groups and control groups. Data analysis used is univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with the Chi Square test. The results of the study obtained 11 Post Sectio Caesarea mothers who consumed boiled chicken eggs, 9 (81.8%) experienced faster healing compared to the control group (27.3%). Consumption of boiled chicken eggs showed a significant effect on the healing time of stitches in mothers after post-Cesarean section (p-value = 0.030). It is expected that health center officers can provide education to post-Cesarean mothers about the benefits of boiled eggs in accelerating the healing of Cesarean wounds.
Effect of System Response Time on Mobile Learning User Satisfaction at Universities in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Mogaka Sarah Kemunto , Odoyo Collins Otieno , Angulu Raphael
Published: September 2024

System Response Time has been increasingly recognized as a significant quality dimension in determining the usability of mobile applications. Learning institutions in Kenya especially, universities have implemented these scientific innovations as alternative approaches to teaching and learning. The uptake was accelerated more with the advent of the coronavirus pandemic which saw the education sector close down. As a way of having their students back to class, the majority of the Universities in Nakuru County adopted online technologies. It is from this backdrop that the study sought to evaluate the effect of system response time on user satisfaction in the ICT department in Nakuru County in Kenya. To serve this purpose, survey questionnaires were issued to a sample of university students in the ICT department in Nakuru County in Kenya. The study revealed that system response time was an insignificant positive influencer of user satisfaction. The findings from this study contribute to the body of knowledge by coming up with several usability guidelines as a significant quality dimension for the design of usable applications in mobile learning that can help improve user satisfaction and reductions in training costs. The study recommends that given the kind of empirical evidence from the university consider having a system that is designed with quicker response time much as it is an insignificant predictor of satisfaction among the users.
THE DECLINE IN OIL PRICE PASS-THROUGH TO WAGE INFLATION IN 11 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Kelly Kyle A. , Chen Yanan
Published: September 2024

A structural break is found on oil price coefficients in wage Phillips curves for 11 European nations that matches the timing found elsewhere. Oil prices fed directly into wage inflation in during the 1960s and 1970s, but had no effect afterwards. The authors develop a model that shows when inflation expectations become unanchored, oil price shocks cause large and persistent increases in wage inflation. These shocks die out when inflation expectations become better anchored.
LINKAGES BETWEEN BRENT OIL PRICE AND IRAN STOCK MARKET: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE CORONA PANDEMIC
Authors: Varahrami Vida , Dadgar Masoome
Published: September 2024

This article reviews the relationship between the oil market and the stock market during the Corona outbreak. The hypothesis of this paper is whether while oil prices shocks happen due to business cycle fluctuations and some other reasons like political reasons occur; the correlations between changes in Brent oil prices and stock market indices tend to be affected by named corona indexes. Forecasting the stock market in each period has been difficult and the value of stock index has been affected by various factors. Among these factors has been the oil and gas sector, especially in countries dependent on the revenue from their sales. This study examines relationship between Brent oil price and Iran stock market Index during the outbreak of corona pandemic. Research method is, vector autoregression model (VAR) which using daily data covering the period from February 20, 2020 to August 21, 2020. The findings of this study suggest that a negative causal effect from Brent oil price changes to the Iran stock market Index. Also, the results of impulse response functions and variance decompositions showed that some corona pandemic indicators have significant effects on the stock index.
VARIATION IN MANAGEMENTS’ RELATIVE WAGE ACROSS U.S. INDUSTRIES: ITS IMPACT ON MANAGEMENTS’ EMPLOYMENT SHARE AND LABOR PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Yerger David B
Published: September 2024

Recent work in the economic development literature has established sizable variations across nations in the relative wage for management, defined as the average wage for managers divided by the average wage for other workers, and provided evidence that the high relative wage for managers in lower income nations depresses productivity in those nations. This research explores if the same relationships exist solely across industries within the United States using an annual data set of 228 industries for years 2002–2020. As in the development literature, more variation is found across industries in the earnings for all other workers than for management, along with sizable variation across industries in the relative wage for management. Across the 228 industries in any year, the relative wage for management at the 10th/90th percentiles is near 2.0 and 3.2 respectively. Also, a robust positive link is found between managements’ employment share in an industry and the average wage of all other workers which is evidence of complementarity between management and the skill level of other workers in an industry. Lastly, evidence for nonlinearities over the sample period is found in the relationship between the growth rate of managements’ share of employment and labor productivity growth. Industries with lower rates of growth in managements’ share of employment exhibit a negative linkage with labor productivity growth, but this switches to a positive linkage with labor productivity growth for industries with higher growth rates for managements’ share of employment. Potential factors driving this result are discussed.
Yoga in the management of Parkinson’s disease: An update
Authors: Goothy Sai Sailesh kumar , Naaz Farheen , Ganesh Saripudi , S Bethiun , B V Padmanabha , Choudhary Anita , V K Mahadik
Published: September 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has both motor and non-motor symptoms. In the modern lifestyle, several risk factors exist for Parkinson’s disease some are stress, obesity, pesticides, and excess use of certain dairy products. Yoga is reported to improve both motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with PD and contributes to improvement of their quality of life.5 There is a need for more clinical trials to be conducted in this area to introduce yoga as an effective therapy in the management of Parkinson’s disease.
Design of Reversing Open Belt Transmission System for Salt-Crushing Machine with Roller-Type
Authors: Sutisna Setya Permana , Siregar Tika Hafzara , Sutoyo Edi , Rahmat Mamat , Setyawan Gigih Bayu , Ridwan Muhammad , Shah Syed Humayon
Published: September 2024

The raw salt should be reduced the size to convert it into consumption salt. Salt crushing machine generally was designed to reduce salt grain size using rollers for crushing. The small-capacity salt-crushing machine should be designed to meet the needs of small businesses. This study aims to design a salt-crushing machine in a small capacity with a proper power transmission system that will be applied to a roller-type salt crusher. The transmission system is designed to upgrade the performance of roller-type salt crushers through V-belt and pulley transmission mechanisms and obtain the appropriate size or type of V-belt and pulley based on the capacity of the drive motor. The results show power required to crush salt by this system is 299.46 W. The motor used is a single-phase AC motor that has a power size of 1/2 HP, and the corresponding v belt is type A with a size of 51 inches, the rpm needed is 360 rpm, and the distance between rollers is 0,7 mm. Then the pulley needed is with a ratio of 1: 4. The pulleys used are type A1 which has a diameter of 3 inches and 12 inches. The average salt weight loss after the crushing process was 14.27%.
Real-time surveillance of formaldehyde gas levels in sugar carbonation processes through web-enabled MS1100 sensor monitoring
Authors: Afifah Arsa , Wardoyo Arinto Yudi Ponco , Jatra Ananta S , A Renetha Salma Myesha
Published: September 2024

The refining process of sugar cane juice includes a crucial stage termed carbonation, which is pivotal for achieving pH balance through the utilization of carbon dioxide (). The need for is fulfilled by burning biomass, including rice husks and sugarcane bagasse. However, this process can generate hazardous compounds, notably Formaldehyde (), posing significant health risks. To address elevated Formaldehyde concentration, a monitoring system is implemented, employing an MS1100 sensor for real-time monitoring within the carbonation tank. The data is transmitted to a web-based platform via Robotdyn Uno Wi-Fi R3, with direct data storage on a micro SD card to ensure persistence even during Wi-Fi disruptions. The system confirms the efficacy of monitoring the formaldehyde concentrations both indoors and outdoors, maintaining levels within the safe thresholds. The system demonstrates high accuracy, making it a viable solution for monitoring and regulating Formaldehyde emissions during biomass burning in the sugar industry.
The Road User Perception of Municipal Road Deterioration: A Case Majalengka West Java
Authors: Dwiani Nurmala , Irfan Rifai Andri , Taufik Mohamad , Handayani Susanty
Published: September 2024

Municipal Roads are local infrastructure and serve as global routes for trade, tourism, and cultural exchange. Damage to roads is a topic of much urgent discussion in Indonesia. The aim of research on road damage in municipal roads, Majalengka, is to investigate the causes and impacts of road damage in the area. The research location to be carried out is Jalan Baribis in the Majalengka district. This research uses qualitative methods with perception analysis to study the various factors that cause damage to roads in the city of Majalengka and their Impact on society. When passing through Jalan Baribis, Majalengka, the respondents' data was divided into gender, vehicle used, and age. Based on the questionnaire results, the variable that received the highest importance value was the effect of road damage on two-wheeled vehicles and pedestrians, with an average value of 4.8. The variable that received the lowest importance value was road damage to public facility services, with an average value of 4.2. Meanwhile, the variable that received the highest satisfaction score was the effect of road damage on two-wheeled vehicles and pedestrians, with an average value of 2.6. On the other hand, the variable that got the lowest satisfaction score was the effect of road damage on heavy vehicles, with an average value of 2.14. From the research results, the level of importance of damage to road sections to road users has an average value of 4.48, which shows that repairing damaged road sections is very important.
A Baseline Study of Workaholism, Passion, and Environmental Mastery in the Social Insurance Sector for Military of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia
Authors: Areta Shafiya , Milla Mirra Noor
Published: September 2024

Working has become a routine for the majority of people worldwide, and workaholism remains a significant topic of discussion. Researchers suggest that workaholism has negative effects that can disrupt life outside of work. Individuals, especially Millennials and Gen Z, often channel their energy and passion into their work. In psychological studies, workaholism can be understood as obsessive work behavior through the concept of passion. Various studies have established a relationship between obsessive passion for work and workaholic behavior. Other studies indicate that individuals with workaholic tendencies tend to have low environmental mastery. This study examines the relationship between workaholism, passion, and environmental mastery. Among 217 employees from PT. XYZ's insurance sector, self-reports were collected using the DUWAS, Passion Scale, and Environmental Mastery scales. Participants included 123 (56%) men and 94 (43%) women. SEM was used to analyze the path between various dimensions. The results showed a significant positive relationship between Environmental Mastery (EM) and Harmonious Passion (HP) (p = 0.000), indicating that higher EM correlates with higher HP. A significant positive relationship was also found between EM and Obsessive Passion (OP) (p = 0.006). However, no significant relationship was found between HP and Working Compulsively (WC) (p = 0.607) or Working Excessively (WE) (p = 1.186). In contrast, OP showed significant positive relationships with both WC (p = 0.004) and WE (p = 0.004). This study is the first to explore these relationships and serves as a reference for intervention programs on workaholism.
Criminal law grounds for political repression in Serbia 1944-1985
Authors: Cvetković Srđan
Published: September 2024

Criminal legislation in Yugoslavia, especially its segments focused on protection of the state and social order, followed the general social development of socialist Yugoslavia. It wobbled between the need for repression and maintaining the political monopoly of the Communist Party and propaganda's aim of presenting society as democratic. Repression intentions had to, in due course, be shaped within the framework of the rule of law, legislation, and codes of the criminal law expertise. The basic origins of the criminal law were its instrumental consideration (especially 1944-1951), foreign policy consideration and the level of resistance in the country. Key for understanding remains ideological-political factor and the need of ruling party for maintaining monopoly on power and ideology, resisting foreign and domestic challenges. Almost all historians of the criminal law has agreed that it followed of concept of democratic self-management socialism and, depending on the current political time, the interests of the Party, foreign and domestic factors, the concept of the rule of law was pushed aside to the smaller extent.
Collaborative knowledge co-creation in river management through citizen science and professional research
Authors: Mikolič Sara , Lampič Barbara , Trobec Tajan , Potočnik-Slavič Irma
Published: September 2024

Collaborative knowledge co-creation through citizen science and professional research involves bringing together diverse stakeholders, including members of the public (citizen scientists) and trained experts (professional researchers), to collectively generate new insights and knowledge. This approach is particularly important when addressing environmental issues as it fosters community engagement, awareness, a sense of ownership and environmental responsibility within the community. This paper discusses key lessons learned from collaborative knowledge co-creation on the Temenica River, a small Karst river in south-eastern Slovenia, particularly vulnerable to environmental change, including climate variability, land use change, water use and pollution. The paper presents a model for a small-scale, community-led environmental initiative, supported by the LEADER/CLLD method of rural development, demonstrating the power of collaboration between citizens and professional researchers - geographers in tackling water-related challenges in river communities. Various knowledge co-creation activities (workshops, focus groups, etc.) are explored, and it is shown how locals and professional stakeholders could be effectively mobilized to actively participate in data collection, information exchange, co-creation of new knowledge, producing various tools, promoting the topic and capacity building. This increased engagement of local people potentially leads to more informed decision-making in small river basin management, better resource management practices, and greater public support for environmental conservation eff orts. The paper offers insights for future eff orts to engage communities in responsible, more sustainable, and resilient river management.
A possible application of multispectral analyzes for the protection of forest ecosystems in Fruska gora National Park
Authors: Jakovljević Tijana , Đurđić Snežana
Published: September 2024

Open satellite data enable a comprehensive multispectral analysis of vegetation worldwide. The importance of these analyzes is particularly emphasized in the area of large and impassable forests. Due to the vulnerability of forest ecosystems as a result of climate change, multispectral analysis will make a crucial contribution to proper forest management in the event of drought and to reducing the risk of forest fi res. In the Fruska gora National Park among more than 20 forest communities, there is a community of sessile oak and hornbeam with butcher's broom (Rusco-Querco-Carpinetum), as well as mountain beech forests with lime (Tilia-fagetum submontanum) of high value, and their protection should be a high priority, while multispectral analysis can improve their monitoring and support forest managers in decision-making. In this paper we use multispectral data collected by the Sentinel-2 satellite and downloaded from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem Service. NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDRE - Normalized Differenece Red Edge Vegetation Index and NDMI - Normalized Difference Moisture Index of the Fruska gora National Park area are calculated in the open software Q-gis in 10 meter and 20 meter spatial resolution for specific days selected according to the degree of cloud cover at the time of satellite observations and other meteorological conditions. All three indices are based on the values of the red, red edge, shortwave infrared and infrared spectra. The values of the indices depend on the vegetation conditions. Higher values indicate better vegetation condition, lower values indicate drought, which could be the result of dry periods, pest and disease outbreaks or certain phenological events in certain seasons. Low values could also indicate deforestation or dieback due to forest fires. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the variability of vegetation indices as a consequence of precipitation and air temperature changes. The observation period extends from 2017 to 2022.