bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Verbs Modified by “yige” in Subject or Object Position
Authors: Hongliang 邵洪亮 Shao
Published: July 2017

Verbs modified by “yige” in subject or object position are very common in modern Chinese, which shows the nominal characteristics of Chinese verbs. However, “yige” is highlighting rather than realizing the nominal characteristics of Chinese verbs since most of Chinese verbs can directly be used in subject or object position and act as referential expressions. Whether verbs can be modified by “yige” is related to the intensity level of their mobility and the characteristics of boundedness. Weak verbs are more likely to be modified by “yige”, and verbs that can be modified by “yige” are all bounded verbs. However, whether bounded verbs can be modified by “yige” is also influenced by the inner compounding pattern of the verbs. Verbs modified by “yige” are in an open status as a result of the generalization and grammaticalization of the semantic function and the intensification of the marking function of “ge”. The purpose of using “ge” is to eliminate the timeliness and highlight the discreteness of the verbs in subject or object position.
A Randomized Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation on Vascular Function in CKD
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Yadav Ashok Kumar , Lal Anupam , Kumar Vinod , Singhal Manphool , Billot Laurent , Gupta Krishan Lal , Banerjee Debasish , Jha Vivekanand
Published: July 2017

Vitamin D deficiency associates with mortality in patients with CKD, and vitamin D supplementation might mitigate cardiovascular disease risk in CKD. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on vascular function in 120 patients of either sex, aged 18–70 years, with nondiabetic CKD stage 3–4 and vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤20 ng/ml). We randomized patients using a 1:1 ratio to receive either two directly observed oral doses of cholecalciferol (300,000 IU) or matching placebo at baseline and 8 weeks. The primary outcome was change in endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilation at 16 weeks. Secondary outcome measures included changes in pulse wave velocity and circulating biomarkers. Cholecalciferol supplementation significantly increased endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilation at 16 weeks, whereas placebo did not (between-group difference in mean change: 5.49%; 95% confidence interval, 4.34% to 6.64%; P<0.001). Intervention also led to significant favorable changes in pulse wave velocity and circulating IL-6 levels. Thus, in nondiabetic patients with stage 3–4 CKD and vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplementation may improve vascular function. This study is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (no.: CTRI/2013/05/003648).
DNA size selection (>1kb) and clean up using an optimized SPRI beads mixture v1
Authors: Schalamun Miriam , Schwessinger Benjamin
Published: July 2017

This protocol describesa clean up and size selection method for nucleic acids (tested on DNA) to deplete and remove fragments below 1 - 2 kb.The success of this depends on the cleanliness of your sample (it doesn't have to be super clean but a whole lot of contaminants make working with the beads more difficult, diluting the sample out before usage can help with that). The concentrations of PEG and NaCl and the volume of the beads solution are crutial for recovery and proper removal of small fragments. As a basic guidline it can be said: more PEG and NaCl - higher recovery but hence less removal of small fragments and the other way round. I found for my samples (eucalyptus) that with 1 volume of the beads solution respectively to DNA sample I'm on the safe side recovery wise, but if I want to make sure to get rid of more smaller fragments I use 0.8 volumes. So in numbers that means: Final reaction concentration of PEG8000: 1 V: 5.5% 0.8 V: 4.8% Final reaction concentration of NaCl: 1V: 0.8 M 0.8V: 0.7 M
Az adriai sallangvirág (Himantoglossum adriaticum) magyarországi állományai és lelőhelyeik tájhasználatának története
Authors: Bódis Judit
Published: July 2017

Az adriai sallangvirág (Himantoglossum adriaticum H. Baumann) Magyarországon foko­zottan védett, közösségi jelentőségű növényfaj. Hazai állományait 1992 óta vizsgálva, a területek egyes sajátosságainak hasonlóságait észleve, fordult érdeklődésem a lelőhelyek tájhasználat története irá­nyába. Az általam legrégebb óta nyomon követett populáció a Keszthelyi-hegységben található, ahol 1992 és 2016 között 7 és 78 között változott a virágzó egyedek száma. Újabban két kisebb állománya is előkerült a fajnak a hegységből. Az állományok egykori legelő szegélyében, földút mentén, illetve szőlők közelében vannak. A legnagyobb populáció a Sümeg–Tapolcai-háton található, nagyobbrészt a közút szélén. A megfigyelt években mintegy 1000–2000 egyedből a virágzó példányok száma 10 (2012) és 214 (2014) között váltakozott. Kőszegen, a város szőlőhegyén magánkertekben, extenzíven kaszált parlagokon és gyümölcsösökben találhatóak, ahol összesen akár 165 (2016) virágzó tő is lehet. A Ba­konyban kb. 50 éve felhagyott szőlők és gyümölcsösök helyén találhatók, az állomány nagysága kb. a Keszthelyi-hegységivel azonos. A hazai öt állományból négy helyen van, ahol (vagy a közelében) már az I. Katonai Felmérés idején (1783–84) szőlő- vagy gyümölcsöskert volt. Ez alól csak a Sümeg–Tapolcai-háton lévő populáció kivétel. A sallangvirágok számára a legjelentősebb veszélyeztető tényező a be­cserjésedés, de a faj képes új helyeken megjelenni, bízhatunk állományainak fennmaradásában.
Zalaegerszeg-Botfa ritka növényei és védett gombái
Authors: Illyés Zoltán , Zalai Béla , Óvári Miklós
Published: July 2017

Tanulmányunkban 3 nagygomba és 47 hajtásos növény taxon előfordulási adatait közöljük, amelyek Zalaegerszeg Botfa településrészének bel- és külterületén találtunk 2006 és 2017 között, kiegészítve a vizsgált taxonok korábbi országos elterjedési adatait. A védett és egyéb, Zala megyében ritka fajok részletes előfordulási adatai lehetőséget teremtenek a későbbiekben az élőhelyek természetes átalakulásának vagy ember általi átalakító tevékenységnek a monitorozásra.
The effect of perceptual adaptation to dynamic facial expressions
Authors: Korolkova O.A.
Published: July 2017

We present three experiments investigating the perceptual adaptation to dynamic facial emotional expressions. Dynamic expressions of six basic emotions were obtained by video recording of a poser’s face. In Experiment 1 participants (n=20) evaluated the intensity of 6 emotions, neutral state, genuineness and naturalness of dynamic expressions. The validated stimuli were further used as adaptors in Experiments 2 and 3 aimed at exploring the structure of facial expressions perceptual space by adaptation effects. In Experiment 2 participants (n=16) categorized neutral/emotion morphs after adaptation to dynamic expressions. In Experiment 3 (n=26) the task of the first stage was to categorize static frames derived from video records of the poser. Next individual psychometric functions were fitted for each participant and each emotion, to find the frame with emotion recognized correctly in 50% trials. These latter images were presented on the second stage in adaptation experiment, with dynamic video records as adaptors. Based on the three experiments, we found that facial expressions of happiness and sadness are perceived as opponent emotions and mutually facilitate the recognition of each other, whereas disgust and anger, and fear and surprise are perceptually similar and reduce the recognition accuracy of each other. We describe the categorical fields of dynamic facial expressions and of static images of initial phases of expression development. The obtained results suggest that dimensional and categorical approaches to perception of emotions are not mutually exclusive and probably describe different stages of face information processing.

The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project № 15-36-01281 “Structure of dynamic facial expressions perception”.
The Iron-containing Catalysts in the Petrochemical Processes
Authors: Zakumbaeva G.D. , Tuktin B.T. , Gazizova A.D. , Lyashenko A.I.
Published: July 2017

The iron-containing catalysts modified by zeolites, copper, nickel and other additives have been studied in the process of hydrorefining of butylmercaptan (C4H9SH) -alkane (C5H12, C6H14 or C10H22) mixture and of the real gasoline and diesel oil fractions. It has been shown that the iron-containing modified catalysts posses the multi-functional properties. The processes of hydrodesulfurisation, hydroisomerization and hydrocracking run in parallel over these catalysts. The catalysts studied show the high hydrodesulfurisation activity. Conversion of butylmercaptan over these catalysts is about 100% at 400 °C, P = 3.5 MPa and H2/feed = 250/1. It has been established, that the conversion of butylmercaptan in model mixes over KTZ-13 is decreased with increase of molecular weight of hydrocarbons in the following order: C5H12 > C6H14 > C10H22. After hydrorefining, hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of the real diesel fraction the temperature of freezing of the final product is decreased by 9.7-17.1 °C. Introduction of zeolites (HY, HZSM and clinoptilolite) in composition of the iron-containing catalysts allowed to increase the adsorptive properties of catalysts concerning to hydrogen and oil products. The big pore diameter facilitates the transport of the reactant molecules into pores and of the reaction products from pores.
Study of Ozone Generation in the Bed of Heterogeneous Catalysts of Various Geometry
Authors: Maksudov D.V. , Ismagilov F.R. , Khairulin I.Kh. , Khairulin S.R. , Ismagilov Z.R.
Published: July 2017

An urgent worldwide problem in the field of environment protection is the development of energy saving and highly efficient technologies for removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from gas emissions of large volume and emitted at rather low temperatures, such as low concentrated ventilation exhausts at room temperatures. From the other side, the efficiency of ozone-catalytic process significantly decreases due to the parallel reaction of ozone recombination to molecular oxygen. For this reason, the development of devices providing direct generation of ozone in the heterogeneous catalyst bed attracts particular interest. The application this kind of devices leads to combination of the processes of formation of highly reactive O3 molecule and oxidation of undesirable organic admixtures. In this paper the results on the development of the devices for the ozone generation directly in the bed of the catalysts of different geometry (spherical and honeycomb monolith) are presented. The experiments upon variation the electric signal frequency, flow rate have been carried out. It was shown, that developed device provides effective ozone generation within frequency range 500-1000 Hz and allow effectively combine the catalytic and electric properties and can be considered as the prototype for different appliance in environment protection.
Methane Pyrolysis over Carbon Catalysts
Authors: Kushch S.D. , Muradyan V.E. , Fursikov P.V. , Knerelman Eu.I. , Kuznetsov V.L. , Butenko Yu.V.
Published: July 2017

Methane pyrolysis at the temperature range of 550-1000 °C in gas flow reactor with fixed bed of mixed catalysts based on carbon materials of various structure (fullerene cocoons, fullerene black, vacuum black, cathode deposit, onion-like carbon, glassy carbon, carbon fibers, mineral shungite and graphite) has been studied. Methane pyrolysis products, including stoichiometric amount of hydrogen are C3-C4 alkanes, C2-C4 alkenes, aromatics and pyrolytic carbon. Methane pyrolysis is carried out both on a catalytic surface and in a volume and contribution of the surface is determined by pyrolysis temperature. Materials with curved carbon surface show an activity in methane dehydrogenation at lower temperatures, than materials with planar basic structure elements. Materials with a small specific surface area favor methane aromatization at 950–1000 °C with formation of mainly benzene, toluene and naphthalene. The primary activation of C–H bond in methane at temperatures of lower than 850 °C, as well as the multiple dehydrogenation conversions resulting in the formation of pyrolytic carbon and its precursors (aromatics), are, probably, heterogeneous reactions.
The Effect of a Hydrocarbon Fragment in a Molecule on Depressant Activity of Resins
Authors: Strelets L.A. , Gorbunova L.V. , Bogoslovsky A.V.
Published: July 2017

The effect of resins on solidification of paraffin solutions has been studied by vibration viscosimetry. This technique was used for studies of coagulating liquids, since the sample structure is less affected by mechanical oscillations compared to traditional rotary and linear shears. The installation developed for studies of thermo-induced phase transitions and the measurement procedure are described. The viscosimetric technique allows continuous registration of rheological properties with changing temperature, and has proved to be quite sensitive to small amounts of resins in model paraffin solutions. Measurements have been performed for resins extracted from methane-naphtene crudes of various West Siberia oil deposits. Dependencies of viscosity on temperature have been measured and are presented below for various concentrations of resins (up to 3 %) in paraffin solutions. It is demonstrated that increase of resin concentration results in a shift of the inflexion point on the viscosity-temperature curve to lower temperatures. A positive correlation has been found between depressant activity and average dimensions of aliphatic fragments of the resin molecu.
Researching Student Motivation
Authors: Alkaabi Sultan Ali R. , Alkaabi Warda , Vyver Glen
Published: July 2017

Motivation has been studied by different scientists in different fields of knowledge such as biology, psychology, and education for a long period, which has cultivated a wealth of knowledge in these disciplines. The richness in motivation theories poses complexity in motivation research. Due to these complexities, many researchers focus on using a single motivation theory in their studies. Using multiple motivation theories in a singular study is not a common practice in education research. This study presents a unifying framework for approaching motivation research in education which offers an opportunity to use multiple motivation theories in educational research, and other disciplines.
Earnings And Job Satisfaction Of US Science And Engineering Baccalaureate Recipients With Advanced Degrees
Authors: Craft R. Kim , Baker Joe G. , Finn Michael G.
Published: July 2017

Using 2003 US data, this paper examines job satisfaction and economic returns to science and engineering (STEM) baccalaureate recipients who obtain STEM PhDs or professional degrees in the fields of law, MBA, medicine, and MS engineering. The salient finding of this research is that the future STEM PhD supply will largely be determined by the availability of tenured academic positions. Despite inferior economic returns, job satisfaction for STEM PhD recipients significantly exceeds that of other professional degree recipients except for medicine. Superior job satisfaction for STEM PhDs results almost entirely from employment in tenured academic positions. 55 percent of STEM PhDs working outside the academic sector have similar job satisfaction compared to professional degree recipients but without the economic rewards. This analysis further suggests STEM PhDs would not have higher job satisfaction if they had completed degrees in medicine or law instead of PhDs. The policy to increase STEM PhD employment in the US economy has focused on supply. The findings of this paper indicate that a demand-side focus may be a more effective policy and that the future STEM PhD supply will be largely driven by the availability of full-time tenure-track academic job openings.
The Impact Of Job Demands And Resources On Job Crafting
Authors: Lee Sang-Hoon , Shin Yuhyung , Baek Seung Ik
Published: July 2017

Organizations are constantly under pressure for survival in the current highly volatile work environment. This change has been accelerated by trends such as smart work environments and artificial intelligence in the organizational context. Given such uncertainty deriving from a fast rate of change and high complexity, it is vital for organizations to fully utilize and support individuals to be fully engaged in their work, setting grounds for transformation and modification of general roles and specific tasks. Based on the job demands-resources model, our hypotheses are tested using empirical data extracted from 172 subjects currently working in organizations. By commissioning a questionnaire survey method and hierarchical regression analysis, the results offer partially strong support for our proposed research model. We attained moderate support for our hypotheses, in that an individuals’ perception of job resources and job demands in the work context induce job crafting (i.e., task, cognitive, and relational), which acts as a critical mechanism arousing individual work engagement and job stress. In general, job resources (i.e., job autonomy and performance feedback) predicted work engagement, while job demands (i.e., work overload, emotional demands, and technology demands) affected job stress. Also, job demands and job resources both influenced task job crafting, while emotional demands were related to cognitive and relational job crafting, implying different paths between demands and resources and various job crafting activities. In addition, three job crafting dimensions affected work engagement, while only relational job crafting positively affected job stress.
Transformational Leadership Potential At A University Of Technology
Authors: Herbst Tessie H. H. , Garg Ajay K.
Published: July 2017

In South Africa as elsewhere in the world, higher education institutions have been criticised for a lack of transformation. This apparent lack of transformation called into question the capability of the leaders within these institutions to effectively lead change and transform the higher education institutional landscape. The aim of this study was to explore the transformational leadership competency potential amongst managers in a university of technology in South Africa.  The measures of potential used are eight competency factors known as the ‘Great Eight’ (Bartram, 2005) derived from Occupational Personality Questionnaire (OPQ32) scale scores. The OPQ32r was administered to 111 managers within a university of technology.  The majority of respondents had a balanced mix of styles between a transformational and transactional focus. These leaders not only exhibit less transformational competencies but also an insufficient strong transactional focus. These findings have severe implications for the transformation of
Doença Invasiva Pneumocócica Pediátrica Antes da Vacinação Universal: 1995 - 2015
Authors: Ferreira Muriel , Oliveira Henrique , Silva Nuno Costa e , Januário Luís , Rodrigues Fernanda
Published: July 2017

Introdução: A vacina conjugada pneumocócica foi introduzida no mercado privado português em 2001, atingindo ao longo dos anos coberturas moderadamente elevadas. Em julho de 2015 foi integrada no Programa Nacional de Vacinação. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a doença invasiva pneumocócica num hospital pediátrico antes da vacinação universal.Material e Métodos: Análise retrospetiva dos processos clínicos de todas as crianças com identificação de Streptococcus pneumoniae por cultura e/ou por biologia molecular (disponível desde 2008), em produtos obtidos de locais estéreis, de janeiro 1995 a junho 2015, avaliando dados demográficos, clínicos e microbiológicos. Os serotipos estão disponíveis desde 2004.Resultados: Ao longo destes 20 anos identificámos 112 casos de doença invasiva pneumocócica, com idade mediana de 15 meses (1 mês - 15 anos). A mediana de casos/ano foi 4, com valores máximos entre 2001 - 2002 (8/ano) e 2007 - 2012 (7 - 11/ano). A identificação ocorreu maioritariamente em hemocultura (72), líquido cefalorraquidiano (24), líquido pleural (11) e outros (5). Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram pneumonia (38%), bacteriemia oculta (34%) e meningite (21%). Ao longo do período em análise, observou-se um aumento do diagnóstico de pneumonia e aumento ligeiro de bacteriemia oculta, tendo-se mantido relativamente constante o de meningite.Discussão: Nas últimas duas décadas não se observou redução do número de casos de doença invasiva pneumocócica, tendo ocorrido um aumento da identificação de pneumococo em pneumonia e bacteriemia oculta, para o qual poderão ter contribuído a introdução dos métodos de biologia molecular e a realização de mais hemoculturas. Os serotipos vacinais foram predominantes.Conclusão: Esta analise retrospetiva pré vacinação universal, contribuirá para avaliar o impacto da vacinação na população pediátrica portuguesa.
Target Sign: Endoscopic Sign of the Colonic Perforation
Authors: Costa Juliana Moura , Soares João Bruno
Published: July 2017

N/A.
Investigação de Etiologia Genética nas Ataxias Neurodegenerativas: Recomendações do Grupo de Neurogenética do Centro Hospitalar São João, Portugal
Authors: Gomes Tiago , Guimaraes Joana , Leão Miguel , Grupo de Neurogenética do Centro Hospitalar São João Em nome do
Published: July 2017

Nas últimas décadas foi identificada uma lista crescente de ataxias neurodegenerativas de causa monogénica, permitindo uma melhor caracterização da patofisiologia, fenótipo e prognóstico deste grupo heterogéneos de patologias e revelando potenciais novos alvos terapêuticos. No entanto, a heterogeneidade e complexidade da relação genótipo-fenótipo e os elevados custos inerentes às técnicas de genética molecular, dificultam o plano racional clínico na orientação da investigação destas doenças. A história clínica é essencial à orientação diagnóstica, mas frequentemente o fenótipo não detém especificidade suficiente para permitir prever o genótipo. O Grupo de Neurogenética do Centro Hospitalar São João, grupo multidisciplinar de neurologistas e geneticistas com interesse especial na área das doenças neurogenéticas, delineou recomendações de consenso para a investigação da etiologia genética das ataxias neurodegenerativas, tendo por base documentos de consenso internacionais (contendo atualmente informação potencialmente desatualizada) e a evidência científica publicada sobre este tópico. Atualmente estão bem descritos aproximadamente 10 loci autossómicos recessivos e mais de 27 loci autossómicos dominantes para as ataxias neurodegenerativas. Este documento aborda de forma pragmática o processo utilizado para o diagnóstico genético das ataxias neurodegenerativas, com recomendações específicas para os diversos grupos de ataxias hereditárias e adaptado à realidade Portuguesa.
MEDIAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA DA APRENDIZAGEM A DISTÂNCIA: princípios e estratégias
Authors: Machado Mércia Freire Rocha Cordeiro , Torres Patrícia Lupion
Published: July 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso que envolveu treze professores de três Instituições Federais de Ensino que atuaram numa Formação Continuada a distância numa abordagem inovadora. O objetivo da investigação foi identificar os princípios e as estratégias didático-pedagógicas utilizadas numa formação continuada a distância pelos mediadores durante o processo de mediação pedagógica da aprendizagem. A realização desta pesquisa permitiu chegar a duas conclusões: devemos individualizar e diversificar a ação mediacional. A educação só vai mudar a partir das mudanças dos aprendizes e dos mediadores da aprendizagem. O maior desafio é o fortalecimento desse mediador, pois é por meio dele que também podemos modificar a educação.
APRENDIZAGENS PESSOAIS EM CONTEXTOS INFORMAIS: oportunidades criadas pela Internet
Authors: Viana Joana , Costa Fernando Albuquerque , Peralta Helena
Published: July 2017

Neste texto apresentam-se os resultados de uma investigação realizada com o objetivo de estudar as aprendizagens que são realizadas por sujeitos adultos em contextos online, de caráter não formal. Com uma abordagem investigativa de vertente qualitativa, inquiriram-se adultos utilizadores regulares da Internet através da distribuição de um questionário online. Verificou-se que, em contextos online, as aprendizagens realizadas são, na sua maioria, de caráter predominantemente declarativo, relativas ao contexto pessoal dos aprendentes, essencialmente em ambientes online relativos ao domínio da informação e realizam-se de acordo com uma estratégia centrada no processo, em que a tomada de decisões é realizada no decurso da ação e baseia-se na pesquisa e nos resultados que daí decorrem, ou seguindo orientações sob a forma de guião ou tutorial.
ANÁLISE DA CONVERGÊNCIA CONCEITUAL DOS TERMOS “TERRITÓRIO” E “COMUNIDADE TRADICIONAL” NO BRASIL
Authors: De Moraes Nelson Russo , Brumatti Livia Martinez , Lima Anderson Rodolfo , Campos Alexandre Castro
Published: July 2017

As comunidades minoritárias de maneira geral e tomando-se as comunidades tradicionais neste trabalho, na busca pela representação e pelo atendimento de suas demandas, que perpassam pela promoção do desenvolvimento econômico sustentável, passam por diversas dificuldades no Brasil, como a abordagem legal e o debate acadêmico acerca do tema é recente (datando da primeira década deste século), um desafio preliminar está circunscrito às definições conceituais. Esta comunicação científica é fruto das ações do primeiro ano da pesquisa institucionalizada pela Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, intitulada “o terceiro setor como caminho para o desenvolvimento de comunidades”, que investiga sob a perspectiva sociológica o processo de desenvolvimento das comunidades tradicionais brasileiras. Nesta seara, este artigo abarca o debate sobre a convergência conceitual entre os termos “comunidade tradicional” e “território”, trazendo elementos teóricos da exploração bibliográfica e práticos levantados por meio da observação sistematizada e da análise documental de comunidades tradicionais.
Internationalising Indian Higher Education: Opportunities, Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Rajkhowa Gautam
Published: July 2017

This paper examines the higher education system in India together with its status regarding internationalisation, and presents the case for the higher education sector in India to embrace internationalisation.Starting with an overview of the academic literature around the concepts of globalisation and internationalisation, and their interrelationship particularly in the context of higher education, the paper focuses on the specific issues of Indian higher education especially within the context of internationalisation. Reviewing the current landscape of the Indian higher education sector, the paper concludes that, in the context of a globally connected world, higher education in India is characterised by asymmetry in flows and unclear policies. Recommending that the internationalisation strategy focuses on the four strands of student and programme mobility; infrastructure and policy support; development of research capability; and the employment of technology as an enabler, the paper concludes that a clear approach to internationalisation would offer the potential to secure India a formidable global standing in higher education.
A reforma do estado e a gestão democrática na universidade pública brasileira
Authors: Turíbio Eliana Vieira , Santos Eloisa Helena
Published: July 2017

Este artigo aborda a Reforma do Estado implementada na década de 1990, no Brasil, e seus impactos sobre as universidades públicas que necessitaram se adaptar à nova política de diversificação e diferenciação que mensura seu valor pela competitividade e capacidade de inovação. Destaca a perda de controle sobre a definição de sua identidade, funções e gestão. A autonomia universitária e a democratização da gestão são apontadas como fundamentais na resistência ao gerencialismo. A participação social comparece como elemento primordial na gestão democrática da educação. O artigo realça que movimentos sociais, dentro e fora das universidades, buscam a efetiva partilha de poder nas instâncias decisórias. Embora chame a atenção para o fato de que universidades mantêm uma gestão centralizada e vertical que resiste às ideias e opiniões forjadas nos novos espaços participativos, o artigo acena com uma reforma criativa, democrática e emancipatória da universidade pública como alternativa para enfrentamento das pressões neoliberais.
Davidson, Guy and Nicola Evans (eds.), Literary Careers in the Modern Era (Palgrave Macmillan, 2015)
Authors: Ciorogar Alex
Published: July 2017

A review of Guy Davidson, Nicola Evans (eds.), Literary Careers in the Modern Era, Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire, 2015. IX, 240 pp. $90.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INDINAVIR-Cu COMPLEX
Authors: T Rajkumar , L Sivasanker Reddy , L Sivasanker Reddy , V Rajeswari , V Rajeswari
Published: July 2017

Objective: The main objective of the present work is to synthesize Cu (II) indinavir, complex.Methods: The indinavir complexes were discussed with the help of spectroscopic instrumental methods such as infrared, ultraviolet, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass and titrimetry methods (iodometry and potentiometry). Drug and drug metal complex are screened against antimicrobial activity.Results: The spectral studies show that the metal is coordinated to the drug in a bidentate manner. The titrimetry method, i.e., iodometric titration shows that metal bind to the drug in proportion of 1:1. The potentiometric titration curves of indinavir-Cu metal complex are mostly same which proves that the metal which might be present in the complex do not affect the titration curves. The result shows that the drug metal complex has enhanced inhibitory activity than drug under identical conditions in concentration ranges of 12.5 μg/ml in Staph and Bacillus species whereas in disc diffusion procedure zone of inhibition is 13 mm and 18 mm in Staph and Bacillus species.Conclusion: Indinavir-Cu complex had been synthesized and characterized by spectral techniques which shows enhanced microbial activity than drug.
REVISED FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION RISK CATEGORIES OF DRUGS DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: Sharma Ajitha , Up Rathnakar
Published: July 2017

A comment on the revised FDA categories for drugs during pregnancy.
TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS INDUCED BY CARBAMAZEPINE: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Laskar Jahirul Islam , Chakravarty Pinaki , Dewan Babul
Published: July 2017

Objectives: The objective of this case study is to evaluate the importance of detection, assessment, and reporting of an adverse drug reaction and to improve the medication perseverance. Methods: This is an observational type of case report which was observed and analyzed in Silchar Medical College and Hospital on regular ward rounds. Results: A case report of toxic epidermal necrolysis due to carbamazepine (CBZ) administration by a 47-year-old male patient who presented as a follow-up case of ischemic stroke. Causality assessment of the event done with Naranjo’ causality assessment scale suggests to be “Probable.” Conclusion: Daily, CBZ is being increasingly prescribed for control of pain in neuralgias and diabetic neuropathy, apart from control of seizures. Awareness about the drugs implicated in life-threatening drug reactions will help physicians in preventing them by cautious use of the drugs. Moreover, proper counseling to the patient regarding the use of medications is of utmost importance, in such life-threatening conditions where treatment guidelines remain indistinct.
A STUDY ON THE STANDARDIZATION PARAMETERS OF MADHUCA LONGIFOLIA
Authors: Khare Pragati , Kishore Kamal , Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Published: July 2017

Objective: There is an increase demand of herbal remedies due to their effective and safer way of treating various disorders. In today’s scenario, the herbal medicines are much efficient for the treatment of various disorders as they have minimal side effects in comparison to the allopathic medicines. Madhuca longifolia, commonly called Mahua/Mahwa, belongs to the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to a height of about 20 m. The objectives of thisstudy are to investigate various pharmacognostic, phytochemical analysis, and pharmacological properties of M. longifolia.Methods: The powdered drug was used for estimating the loss on drying, ash values, fluorescence studies, chemical tests, and extractive values. Macroscopic and microscopic studies were also performed.Results: The leaf microscopy revealed the presence of upper and lower epidermis, palisade tissue, and well-developed vascular bundle. The fluorescence characteristics of leaf powder were studied both in visible light and ultraviolet (UV) light (254 nm and 365 nm) after treatment with various reagents. Mahua is composed of glycosides, sapogenins, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. It was reported that the total ash value was 5.56±0.2% w/w. The acid-insoluble and water-insoluble ash values were 0.62±0.025% w/w and 0.47±0.025% w/w, respectively. Water soluble, ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether, and chloroform extractive values were 25.9±0.51% w/w, 28.1±1.38% w/w, 1.73±0.20% w/w,0.83±0.20% w/w, and 25.5±2.29% w/w, respectively.Conclusions: The main pharmacological activities of M. longifolia are anthelmintic, antiulcer, antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory,antigoitrogenic, and hepatoprotective. The present investigation provides the information on its pharmacognostic, phytochemical analysis, and pharmacological properties.
SCREENING OF EXTRACTION METHOD FOR ALKALOID ENRICHMENT OF PEPEROMIA PELLUCIDA (L.) KUNTH
Authors: Ahmad Islamudin , Rissyelly Rissyelly , Kurniawan Agus , Munim Abdul
Published: July 2017

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of extraction method modification of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth herbs for alkaloid enrichment and thin layer chromatography (TLC) profile.Methods: The dried herbs were extracted with six different methods (including; method A, B, C, D, and E). The obtained extract solution was evaporated and was analyzed. Alkaloid content identified using Dragendorff spray reagent. The gravimetric method was used to determine of total alkaloid, and TLC profile was analyzed using a densitometer at a wavelength of 254 nm and 366 nm.Results: The results showed a difference from all modification of extraction method for alkaloid enrichment and their TLC profile. The use of eluent dichloromethane (DCM):methanol (95:5) was potential for isolation of the compound. From whole extraction methods, only one that tested positive for alkaloids was method A. Total alkaloids in DCM fraction amounted to 29.59 mg/g piperine.Conclusion: Based on the above results, method A can be applied for isolation of alkaloid compound from this herb.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILING OF DAIRY WASTEWATER DEGRADING NATIVE EFFICIENT MICROBIAL ISOLATES
Authors: Bhardwaj Anupama , Singh Jagtar , Chaman Sonia , Joshi Amit
Published: July 2017

Objective: The objective of this study is to make sure biotreatment process used for treatment of dairy wastewater (DWW) is safe for human and its surrounding environment; microbes were evaluated for their antibiotic resistance profile against commonly prescribed antibiotics. Methods: Microbes were isolated using spread plating and streaking method and used to treat DWW. Reduction in organic load in DWW was determined by comparing physicochemical parameters (PCP) of DWW before and after treatment process. After selection of efficient microbial isolates, they were evaluated for their antibiotic resistance profile using antibiotic disc diffusion method. Results: In this work, 53 microbes were isolated from DWW, and these microbial isolates were screened for DWW degradation capacity by analyzing PCP. Four microbial isolates E3, E5, E11 (bacterial isolates) and F5 (fungal isolate) showed highest reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and dissolved oxygen (DO) were selected for profound degradation of DWW under optimized conditions. Efficient four microbial isolates individually performed better under anaerobic conditions by showing maximum reduction 84%, 75%, and 77% in COD, BOD, and DO, respectively. After 72 hrs of antibiotic susceptibility testing, E3 strain had shown 100%, E5 90%, E11 70%, and F5 80% susceptibility to antibiotics. Conclusion: The present study concluded that four microbial isolates had the potential of reducing the organic load of DWW along with lessor or negligible adverse effect on human or its surrounding environment and they appear to be most promising strains for treatment of DWW.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON DEPRESSION IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Rs Sree Lekshmi , Shanmugasundaram P
Published: July 2017

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a frequently experienced metabolic disease with chronic features and involves numerous complications around its course, which causes severe restriction and disability in an individual’s common life. It was stated that the incidence of depression is higher in diabetic patients and that diabetes is one of the risk factors in the development of depression. Depression has been shown to be correlated with poor self-management (adherence to diet and medication, physical exercise, and monitoring of blood glucose levels) and high HbA1C levels. The main intention of this article is to produce a comprehensive review of epidemiological findings, clinical attentions, and management approaches concerning depression in patients with DM.
OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY DUE TO CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, AND LEAD: PROTECTIVE ROLE OF SELENIUM AND ZINC
Authors: Bhattacharjee Tapasi , Choudhuri Soma , Choudhuri Dipayan
Published: July 2017

Objective: This study assessed the effect of chronic exposure to a mixture of heavy metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) at a very low environmentally relevant dose along with the effect of coadministration of metallic antioxidants selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) on hepatic and renal function and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and kidney of female albino rats.Methods: A total of 24 female albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals of the control group received only distilled water. The treated group received mixture of heavy metals As (38.0 ppm), Cd (9.8 ppm), and Pb (22.0 ppm)/kg b.w./day. The supplemented groups received either sodium selenate (10 ppm) or Zn chloride (20 ppm) along with mixture of heavy metals. The treatment period was 90 consecutive days.Results: There was a significant increase in serum glucose, cholesterol, urea and creatinine and decrease in protein and albumin levels in the rats treated with mixture of heavy metals. The activities of serum enzymes, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver and kidney of treated animals were also increased. The activities of different oxidative enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and the levels of glutathione reduced significantly and level of malondialdehyde increased in rats treated with metal mixture. Histopathology of liver and kidney tissues exhibited toxic symptoms in treated animals. All the deleterious effects were reversed by cotreatment with either Se or Zn.Conclusion: Both Se and Zn provided protection against oxidative damage and hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects produced due to exposure to a mixture of heavy metals As, Cd, and Pb at a very low environmentally relevant dose in female rats for 3 months.
EDEMA-REDUCING ACTIVITY OF SARGASSUM CRASSIFOLIUM Β-GLUCAN (LAMINARAN) ON EDEMA-INDUCED RATTUS NORVEGICUS
Authors: Chamidah Anies , Prihanto Asep A , Hardoko Hardoko
Published: July 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of β-glucan (laminaran) of brown algae, Sargassum crassifolium which was extracted by using two different methods, β-glucan laminaran acid extract (LAE) and laminaran modified extract (LME).Methods: β-glucan (laminaran) of brown algae, S. crassifolium have been extracted using two different methods, namely, β-glucan LAE and LME. The edema reducing activity of the extracts was investigated with carrageenan- induced leg edema male of Rattus norvegicus as a model.Results: The swelling of edema was strongly inhibited by the treatment of LME with a percentage of 81.62% after 3rd hr. It also found that the size of edema were inhibited by all treatments with the value ranging from 25.49% to 81.68%. Smallest edema size was found on LME treatment, with a size of 0.68±0.09 mm where the control was about 0.92 mm. Furthermore, all β-glucan-treated mice showed lower edema size compared to control.Conclusion: It was obvious that all type of laminaran had anti-inflammatory activity. LME is the best method for production of β-glucan (laminaran) with high anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, in this study, we reported a new anti-inflammatory agent derived from S. crassifolium.
EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISES AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON GLUCOSE LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS.
Authors: Benkar Aishwarya Pramod , Kanase Smita Bhimrao
Published: July 2017

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability in the world and its prevalence is predicted to rise to 10% by 2030. Hence, this study is conducted with objectives to find out the effect of aerobic exercises and resisted exercises on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects and to compare the effect of both exercises on blood glucose level.Method: The comparative study was conducted at Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Physiotherapy department, Karad. 30 participants with age group between 30 and 65 years were taken. Subjects were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A (15) participants were given aerobic exercise on static bicycle, and Group B (15) participants were given resistance training using dumbbells and weight cuffs for 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Diet recommendations were given to every participant.Results: Statistical analysis was performed using paired and unpaired t-test. Analysis showed statistically extremely significant difference in fasting blood glucose level and postprandial blood glucose level in both the groups (p≤0.0001).Conclusion: Thus, this study concludes that both aerobic exercises and resistance training prove to be beneficial in controlling blood glucose levels in T2DM subjects.
CONSUMPTION OF ANTIBIOTICS AS SELF-MEDICATION FROM OVER-THE-COUNTER PURCHASE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ARUNKUMAR
Authors: S Arunkumar , S Kumar Chandar , Nr Vembu , G Abirami
Published: July 2017

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to find the reasons behind the practice of self-medication (SM) by the people with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs which are usually available in all medical stores. Methods: This article presents an empirical view of SM practice with OTC drugs. The research design of the study is descriptive, and the population of the study is customers who buy OTC drugs. The target population of this research is the common public who are all having the possibility to consume OTC drugs ever. The sampling technique used for this study is a systematic random sampling, and the sample size is 144. An instrument used for collecting data is a self-administered questionnaire and personal interview with the pharmacists. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The study results that most of the OTC customers consider SM is not a good practice, even though they practice SM of antibiotics in certain circumstances, due to reasons such as time-saving, convenience, cost saving, avoid waiting time to consult a doctor, easy and quick availability of antibiotics in neighbourhood drug stores, etc. Conclusion: The study concludes the reasons behind the SM practice and some remedies to overcome OTC drug-related problems from SM.
PHARMACOKINETIC DRUG INTERACTION BETWEEN CLOPIDOGREL AND ESOMEPRAZOLE IN ADULT HEALTHY MALE VOLUNTEERS
Authors: K Bhargav , B Venkata Subbareddy , K Venkata Sivakrishna , G Himaja , Georgep Samuel Gideon , K Bhaskar Reddy
Published: July 2017

Objective: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are known to impair cytochrome P2C19 mediated activation of clopidogrel, the antiplatelet agent used for cardiovascular risk prevention. Esomeprazole is an optical isomer of omeprazole with better efficacy and tolerability than conventional PPIs. Esomeprazole is often co-administered with clopidogrel considering the risk of associated gastrointestinal bleeding. This study was designed to determine the effect of esomeprazole on the mean pharmacokinetic profile clopidogrel.Methods: A total of 14 adult healthy male participants who volunteered participation were enrolled, randomized equally into two cross-over sequences, dosed with clopidogrel and clopidogrel + esomeprazole in respective periods. Blood samples were collected through antecubital or forearm vein indwelling catheter. Concentration of clopidogrel parent prodrug in isolated plasma was determined using validated sensitive liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic modeling was carried out using PKSOLVER add-in for Microsoft Excel.Results: The pharmacokinetic profile of clopidogrel was non-significantly altered by esomeprazole. Statistically significant difference in peak plasma concentration, apparent volume of distribution, and clearance of clopidogrel was observed only during period II in participants co-dosed with esomeprazole (p=0.0483, 0.0011, and 0.0015, respectively). All other primary and secondary pharmacokinetic parameters displayed minor alterations during either period (p>0.05).Conclusion: The non-significant alteration of clopidogrel pharmacokinetics by esomeprazole can be potentiated by underlying predisposing factors such as the presence of CYP2C19 allelic variants and increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. Hence, co-administration of clopidogrel and esomeprazole should be under clinical monitoring and is not recommended in poor responders of antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel.
Spectroscopic Investigation for Photo stability of Hydrochlorothiazide Complexes with β-Cyclodextrin and HPMC.
Authors: Dhekale Pallavi Shrirang
Published: July 2017

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) is a poorly water-soluble drug. The aim of this study was to determine whether inclusion complexes between β-cyclodextrin and HCT are formed and also studied effect of auxiliary substance (HPMC) on HCT, photo-stability of HCT and to characterize these. Equimolar HCT/ βCD solid systems in the presence or absence of 0.2% (w/v) of HPMC were prepared by kneading method. The systems were characterized by phase solubility, Dissolution study, FTIR, DSC and the photo-stability test followed by u.v. spectroscopy.  The results suggest that true binary and ternary inclusion complex. The test results have proved that the complexed HCT with hydroxypropyl β- cyclodextrin enhance the photo degradation rate and resolute the optimal molar ratio HCT to hydroxypropyl β- cyclodextrin as 1:1.
A Knowledge-Based Demand Side Management: Interruptible Direct Load Approach
Authors: Apena Waliu Olalekan
Published: July 2017

The study focussed on managing electrical energy supplied to consumers from distribution end through initial knowledge on data acquisition and embedded system.  It was achieved by controlling the inductive loads at the consumer premise. The study re-shaped the load and energy demand curve by cycling customers’ inductive loads which are prone to drawing high currents such as air conditioner and water heaters.  Data from power utilities were gathered and analysed using tools to generate waveform pattern for energy consumption.  Mathematical models for air conditioners and water heaters were derived in order to remotely control the appliances with the aids of embedded system implemented on the consumer premise.