bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF NFT TOKENS IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Brechko Oleksandr
Published: April 2024

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of NFT for the development of modern business and other important processes related to the preservation and protection of property rights for the implementation of digital assets.

Methodology of research. This study is based on scientific research on the formation and functioning of NFT tokens in the digital market. The study employed various methods including dialectical analysis, expert evaluation of publications and opinions, statistical analysis of NFT token dynamics, system analysis for theoretical generalisations and establishing structural links between the elements of the studied system, and abstract and logical methods for formulating conclusions and recommendations and others.

Findings. The article examines the importance of using NFT tokens as a technologically important tool for preserving ownership based on non-reciprocity, which allows you to secure these rights for token owners and preserve the originality of the objects of application of these tokens. This, in turn, involves establishing the value of implementing technologies in art, culture, musical works, as well as in the field of virtual reality, collecting objects, and including, in the real sector of the economy, connecting the data of digital assets with the real services of corporations.

Originality. The article substantiates the essence of NFT tokens, their value and features of application based on non-reciprocity technology, which reveals the scientific and practical significance of their application. The ability to use these tokens to authenticate and trace the provenance of digital content, address issues related to plagiarism and intellectual property theft, increase trust in digital assets, and preserve information integrity indicates that NFT technology is the digital certificate of authenticity that proves creation of assets, the right to own them, records and stores the history of transactions or accounting of trading operations.

Practical value. The main provisions of the article can be used by domestic business entities to determine the priority areas of digitization and future potential developments based on NFT technologies using the experience of leading leaders in this field. Further research can be aimed at introducing this technology into the business processes of companies that plan to promote their brand on the global market, tokenize their own services, and digitize business processes using customer engagement. Also, NFT technology is changing the key role in the development of virtual reality, in particular the ideas on the basis of which Metaverses are being developed.
Key words: NFT token, NFT technology, blockchain, Web 3.0, digital assets.
La era digital y el derecho de la competencia: Una mirada a los desafíos de la regulación.
Authors: Forero Franco Luisa Judith
Published: April 2024

This article addresses the impact of the Digital Era in the field of Competition Law and the protection of consumer rights. In a globalized and technologically dynamic world, the lack of solid regulation has led to violations of both consumer rights and competitive equity in the electronic market. In particular, the focus is on restrictive practices such as test pricing, exclusivity agreements, price discrimination, anti-competitive agreements between companies and the misuse of privileged information, in addition to the controversies associated with Competition Law in the digital context. For this reason, the question arises whether digital platforms should be restricted due to their unfair practices in the market, or if, instead, they should be allowed in harmony with economic development. The main objective of this article is to provide a critical reflection and harmonization of ideas on how the Digital Age has influenced Competition Law. Various points of view are analyzed in order to offer a comprehensive vision of the need to establish a legal system adapted to the digital era that guarantees both the protection of consumer rights and fairness in competition
La cadena de custodia y su impacto en el proceso judicial
Authors: Marchal González Adrián Nicolás
Published: April 2024

The chain of custody is a fundamental procedure in criminal investigation, which consists of documenting in detail the process of collection, transportation, storage and analysis of evidence found at the crime scene. Its respect is essential to guarantee the validity and reliability of the evidence collected, and thus ensure a fair and rigorous investigation, in the sense that the investigation can be carried out impartially, without prejudice and with respect for the rights of all parties involved. On the other hand, the research is meticulous, thorough and in accordance with the highest professional and ethical standards.

 

The impact of the chain of custody on the judicial process is examined in depth, through an exhaustive analysis, we explore the roles and responsibilities of the different actors involved in the chain of custody, from the police officers who collect evidence at the crime scene, to the forensic experts who analyze it, to the lawyers who present it in court. In addition, we discuss the consequences of chain-of-custody violations, including how they can jeopardize the validity of evidence and ultimately affect the outcome of trials.
Dimensión social y jurídica del feminicidio en el municipio de Ciudad Juárez, Chih., México.
Authors: Dena Ornelas Martha Aurelia
Published: April 2024

Femicide is an embedded problem in the urban area of Juarez, Chihuahua since the beginning of the 1990s decade. This paper adopts the feminist perspective and the categories proposed by both author Julia Monarrez and legal sociology. The aim is to update the victims’ sociodemographic profile and, subsequently, to identify whether Monarrez's categories have been incorporated into the legal dimension when addressing the problem. A qualitative-descriptive methodology is conducted using as empirical evidence the 2239 cases’ Femicide Database for the period 1993 to 2021. Also, a contrasting analysis between the social reality of the phenomenon and its integration into the legal dimension is developed by a documentary type methodology. In conclusion, there is a gap between the two scopes since Chihuahua is the last state in Mexico to include the criminal offense of femicide into its penal code, despite the state's three-decade record of femicide cases.
OpenWMB: An open-source and automated working memory task battery for OpenSesame
Authors: Monteiro Fábio , Nascimento Letícia Botan , Leitão José , Santos Eduardo J. R. , Rodrigues Paulo , Santos Isabel M. , Simões Fátima , Nascimento Carla S.
Published: April 2024

Working memory capacity (WMC) has been measured with a plethora of cognitive tasks. Several preeminent automated batteries of working memory (WM) tasks have been developed recently. However, despite all their advantages, most batteries were programmed in paid platforms and/or only included a single WM paradigm. To address these issues, we developed the OpenWMB, an automated battery comprising seven tasks from three distinct paradigms (complex spans, updating tasks, and binding tasks) that tap into several functional aspects of WM (simultaneous storage and processing, updating, and binding). The battery runs on open-source software (OpenSesame) and is freely available online in a ready-to-download format. The OpenWMB possesses flexible features and includes a data processing script (that converts data into a format ready for statistical analysis). The instrument is available in Portuguese and English. However, we only assessed the psychometric properties of the former version. The Portuguese version presented good internal consistency and considerable internal and predictive validity: all tasks loaded into a single factor. Additionally, the WMC estimate was strongly correlated with a fluid intelligence factor. This study also tried to contribute to the ongoing debate regarding the best method to assess WMC. We computed a permutation analysis to compare the amount of variance shared between a fluid intelligence factor and (1) each WM task, (2) homogenous WMC factors (based on multiple tasks from the same paradigm), and (3) heterogeneous WMC factors (derived from triplets of tasks from different paradigms). Our results suggested that heterogeneous factors provided the best estimates of WMC.
Исходы программ ВРТ в зависимости от статуса генов фолатного обмена в казахской популяции
Authors: Рыбина А.Н. , Ellenbogen А. , Мукушкина Д.Д. , Карибаева Ш.К. , Валиев Р.К.
Published: April 2024

Актуальность: Обмен фолатов оказывает влияние на работу яичников, процессы имплантации, эмбриогенез и общий ход беременности. Помимо известного воздействия на частоту дефектов нервной трубки, выявлена связь между уменьшением уровня фолиевой кислоты, увеличением концентрации гомоцистеина и различными осложнениями беременности, включая повторяющиеся самопроизвольные аборты. Процессы обмена фолатов напрямую влияют на синтез и метилирование нуклеотидов, что привлекает растущее внимание в сфере репродуктивной медицины. Исследуется влияние генетических вариантов, связанных с обменом фолатов, на результаты процедур ЭКО/ИКСИ у пациенток с бесплодием. Однако пока нет однозначных ответов, так как данные различаются в зависимости от этнических групп. В казахской популяции влияние неблагоприятных генетических вариантов на результаты программ ВРТ ранее не исследовалось.Цель исследования – определение влияния статуса носительства генов фолатного обмена на исходы программ ВРТ в казахской популяции.Материалы и методы: Проведено ретроспективное исследование носительства полиморфизмов MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T), rs1801131 (A1298C) , MTR rs 1805087 (A2756G), MTRR rs1801394 (A66G) у 132 пациенток казахской национальности, прошедших программу ЭКО/ИКСИ и перенос эмбрионов в МКЦР PERSONA (Алматы, Казахстан) с 2016 по 2022 гг.Результаты: Носительство неблагоприятных полиморфизмов генов фолатного обмена ассоциировано с большим количеством программ ВРТ, длительностью бесплодия, количеством беременностей, количеством неразвивающихся беременностей/выкидышей, количеством отпунктированных фолликулов, количеством полученных ооцитов, количеством зрелых ооцитов, частотой оплодотворения, количеством бластоцист.Заключение: Наше исследование показало, что 91% пациенток с бесплодием являются носителями того или иного неблагоприятного аллеля и генотипа полиморфизмов rs1801133 и rs1801131 гена MTHFR, rs 1805087 гена MTR, rs1801394 гена MTRR. Учитывая влияние носительства неблагоприятных полиморфизмов генов фолатного обмена на исходы ВРТ, можно рекомендовать женщинам, имеющим в анамнезе неудачные попытки ЭКО, отсутствие эмбрионов хорошего качества, блоки развития эмбрионов, отсутствие эуплоидных эмбрионов, проводить генотипирование на rs1801133 и rs1801131гена MTHFR, rs 1805087 гена MTR, rs1801394 гена MTRR и назначать персонифицированную прегравидарную подготовку перед следующей программой ВРТ с учетом генотипов.
Вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии в Казахстане (данные Национального регистра ВРТ за 2020 г.)
Authors: Локшин В.Н. , Сулейменова М.Д. , Карибаева Ш.К. , Байкошкарова С.Б. , Ибрагимов А.К. , Ажетова Ж.Р. , Джусубалиев Н.М. , Яхъярова М.П. , Мухамедьяров Д.А. , Ахметова А.А. , Ковалева Н.К. , Нигматова Н.П. , Чалова Л.Р. , Арипова Р.С. , Имтосими Д.Г. , Лапина Е.В. , Отарбаев М.К. , Басарова Г.Ж. , Бегайдарова А.Б.
Published: April 2024

Актуальность: В статье представлены совокупные данные о реализованных программах вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ) в 2020 году в клиниках Казахстана, специализирующихся на лечении бесплодия при помощи ВРТ.Цель исследования – анализ структуры и результатов циклов ВРТ, проведенных и зарегистрированных в Республике Казахстан с 1 января по 31 декабря 2020 года.Материалы и методы: Произведен ретроспективный анализ данных отчетов 17 клиник ВРТ Казахстана, представленных на добровольной основе в Казахстанскую Ассоциацию Репродуктивной Медицины (КАРМ). Отчеты включали информацию о циклах ЭКО, ИКСИ, крио-переносах эмбрионов, донорстве ооцитов (ДО), суррогатном материнстве и преимплантационном генетическом тестировании (ПГТ).Результаты: Общее число доступных анализу циклов ВРТ за 2020 г., включенных в отчет составило 17 743, в результате которых родились 5 932 новорожденных. Доступность лечения с помощью ВРТ составила 952 циклов на 1 млн населения.Анализ структуры ВРТ выявил, что доля ЭКО в клиниках РК составила 11,9% от всех циклов ВРТ, доля ИКСИ — 33,4%, смешанный способ оплодотворения ЭКО/ИКСИ – 50/50 в выполнен в 13,0% циклов; перенос размороженных эмбрионов (FET) проведен в 47,4%, программа ДО была выполнена в 11,4% циклов, ПГТ – в 5,3% циклов.Частота наступления беременности в расчете на пункцию составила по итогам 2020 года в циклах ЭКО – 20,9% на трансвагинальную пункцию, в расчете на перенос – 38,5%, в программе ИКСИ – 20,4% на пункцию, в расчете на перенос – 39,5%, в программе FET – 42,5%, в программе ДО – 50,6%. Показатель частота живорождения в 2020 году в свежем цикле ЭКО составила – 30,7%, в программах ИКСИ – 32,4%, FET – 33,4%, ДО – 42,0%.В Республике в 2020 году было проведено – 1103 программ. Частота наступления беременности по данным РБ и ЖФВ составила – 46%, а частота живорождения – 26%. Частота многоплодия – 21,8%.Заключение: В соответствии с данными регистра, в 2020 году количество программ ВРТ увеличилось на 1,1% по сравнению с предыдущим годом. Негативное влияние COVID-19 на исследуемый показатель не вызывает сомнений. Частота наступления беременности и живорождения стабильна и соответствует средним показателям ESHRE.
Sputtering Deposition of ZnO Thin Films for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production: Perspectives on Upscaling
Authors: Rodríguez Iván R. , Galdámez-Martínez Andrés , Ramos Carlos , Santana Guillermo , Gordillo Agileo Hernández , Dutt Ateet
Published: April 2024

This study presents the successful implementation of ZnO thin films (denoted as z01, z02, and z03) through magnetron sputtering in the photocatalytic production of hydrogen using a low-intensity UV source (3 mW cm−2). The one-step synthesis process demonstrates simplicity and scalability. The deposited coatings, with thicknesses ranging from 62 to 209 nm, exhibit a hexagonal crystalline structure and display visible luminescence in the yellow-red range, attributed to point defects in the ZnO lattice. Among the samples, z03 (62 nm in thickness) exhibited the most promising performance in photocatalytic hydrogen production, achieving a rate of (5387.2 ± 151.6) µmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ when utilizing methanol as a hole scavenger. These findings hold great potential for upscaling such coatings in energy harvesting applications. The present work opens new avenues for efficient and scalable hydrogen production, contributing to improving clean energy technologies.
ENGLISH INTERJECTIONS: PEDAGOGICAL ASPECT (SOME USEFUL TIPS FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS)
Authors: Sovach K. O. ,   Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University
Published: April 2024

Communicative language competences of secondary and higher education students are formed on the basis of their interrelated speech, sociocultural, sociolinguistic and linguistic development in accordance with their age characteristics and interests at each stage of mastering a foreign language. Interjections in modern English play a significant role in expression of the individual, subjective attitude of the speaker to the situation, the surrounding world, and one’s own feelings and manifestations of will as well. The paper is aimed at highlighting the issue of English interjections within the pedagogical aspect, taking into account the currently existing works of experts in this field. The research describes six tips for teachers and students on the presentation and learning of English interjections at English classes and extracurricular activities. It has been noted that the results of the study may have some practical advantages in preparing students for any scientific activity as well as the work of scientific groups, “English in Intercultural Communication”, in particular. The main attention is focused on the step-by-step algorithm of teaching (learning) English interjections as linguistic universals, the communicativeness of which is in the foreground as the semantics of most of them is revealed via the communication. The following tips are outlined: interest in the issue and motivation of students as the interjection belongs to the most bright elements of the speech emotional sphere; asking a number of questions about the essence of interjections in native and foreign languages, the areas of their use; defining traditional classifications of English interjections and describing their communicative properties; the introduction of the concept of “metacommunication” as interjections are responsible for the emotional side of the utterance, complement it, help the interlocutors understand each other and fill the pauses that may suddenly arise between speakers; functioning of interjections at different phases of speech communication; the ratio of interjections and punctuation marks as signals of various emotions manifestation; emphasizing English interjections translation issues.
EPITHET AND COMPARISON AS FIGURATIVE-EXPRESSIVE MEANS OF THE IDIOSTYLE OF ROBERT WALSER
Authors: Кириллова О.Ю. , Кириллова Н.С. , Пушкин А.С.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности использования эпитета и сравнения как художественно-выразительных средств в творчестве известного швейцарского писателя Роберта Вальзера (1878–1956), признанного в последние десятилетия в Европе, а затем и в России одним из самых выдающихся мастеров малой прозы, смелым реформатором жанра новеллы и короткого рассказа. Актуальным направлением современной лингвистики является изучение типичных для творческой системы писателя художественно-выразительных средств на всех уровнях языка. В данной работе установлены и описаны наиболее часто используемые типы стилистических средств в текстах такого жанра, как миниатюра, в которой субъекту повествования отводится особая роль. Комплексное исследование языковых средств и общетекстовый анализ позволяют обнаружить новаторский вклад Р. Вальзера в развитие повествовательного искусства и сделать вывод, что максимальной частотностью употребления в его миниатюрах обладают оценочные и окказиональные, индивидуально-авторские эпитеты и распространенные сравнения. Предпочтения в выборе определенных языковых средств способствуют созданию уникальной атмосферы и выразительности. Р. Вальзер, мастерски обращаясь со словом, рисует яркие образы и передает настроение, проникнутое лиризмом. Его миниатюры уникальны тем, что позволяют читателю увидеть целый мир в пределах одного небольшого события или объекта.

The article examines the peculiarities of the use of epithet and comparison as figurative-expressive means in the work of the famous Swiss writer Robert Walser (1878–1956), who has been recently recognized in Europe and then in Russia as one of the most outstanding masters of short prose, a brave reformer of the novella and short story genre. One of the current trends in modern linguistics is the study of figurative-expressive means typical for a writer’s creative system at all levels of language. This work identifies and describes the most commonly used types of stylistic devices in texts of such a genre as “miniature”, in which the subject of the narration is assigned a special role. A comprehensive study of linguistic means and general textual analysis make it possible to discover R. Walser’s innovative contribution to the development of narrative art and to conclude that the maximum frequency of use in his miniatures are evaluative and occasional, individual author’s epithets and common comparisons. Preferences in the choice of certain language means contribute to the creation of a unique atmosphere and expressiveness. Masterfully handling words, R. Walser draws vivid images and conveys a mood imbued with lyricism. His miniatures are unique in that they allow the reader to see an entire world within one small event or object.
Clinicopathological Features and Molecular Signatures of Lateral Neck Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: Lim Jinsun , Lee Han Sai , Heo Jin-Hyung , Song Young Shin
Published: April 2024

Background: The predictive factors for lateral neck lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) remain undetermined. This study investigated the clinicopathological characteristics, transcriptomes, and tumor microenvironment in PTMC according to the LLNM status. We aimed to identify the biomarkers associated with LLNM development.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with PTMC from two independent institutions between 2018 and 2022 (n=597 and n=467). We compared clinicopathological features between patients without lymph node metastasis (N0) and those with LLNM (N1b). Additionally, laser capture microdissection and RNA sequencing were performed on primary tumors from both groups, including metastatic lymph nodes from the N1b group (n=30; 20 primary tumors and 10 paired LLNMs). We corroborated the findings using RNA sequencing data from 16 BRAF-like PTMCs from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Transcriptomic analyses were validated by immunohistochemical staining.Results: Clinicopathological characteristics, such as male sex, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, lymphatic invasion, and central node metastasis showed associations with LLNM in PTMCs. Transcriptomic profiles between the N0 and N1b PTMC groups were similar. However, tumor microenvironment deconvolution from RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry revealed an increased abundance of tumor-associated macrophages, particularly M2 macrophages, in the N1b group.Conclusion: Patients with PTMC who have a male sex, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, lymphatic invasion, and central node metastasis exhibited an elevated risk for LLNM. Furthermore, infiltration of M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment potentially supports tumor progression and LLNM in PTMCs.
Scaling Insulin-Producing Cells by Multiple Strategies
Authors: Choi Jinhyuk , Cayabyab Fritz , Perez Harvey , Yoshihara Eiji
Published: April 2024

In the quest to combat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), allogenic pancreatic islet cell therapy sourced from deceased donors represents a significant therapeutic advance. However, the applicability of this approach is hampered by donor scarcity and the demand for sustained immunosuppression. Human induced pluripotent stem cells are a game-changing resource for generating synthetic functional insulin-producing β cells. In addition, novel methodologies allow the direct expansion of pancreatic progenitors and mature β cells, thereby circumventing prolonged differentiation. Nevertheless, achieving practical reproducibility and scalability presents a substantial challenge for this technology. As these innovative approaches become more prominent, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate existing expansion techniques with an emphasis on their optimization and scalability. This manuscript delineates these cutting-edge advancements, offers a critical analysis of the prevailing strategies, and underscores pivotal challenges, including cost-efficiency and logistical issues. Our insights provide a roadmap, elucidating both the promises and the imperatives in harnessing the potential of these cellular therapies for IDDM.
Motivation that Affecting the Effectiveness of Personnel’s Work Performance in Various Markets in Chengdu City
Authors: Yunxuan Gao , Kositkanin Thananwarin
Published: April 2024

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study personal factor that affect work efficiency of the workers in Chengdu city. 2) to study motivation factors that affect work efficiency of the workers in Chengdu city. This study was quantitative research. The population were people who live in Chengdu city. The exact number is unknown. The samples size was the workers in Chengdu group was 376 persons. Using a purposive sampling method. The tool used for collecting data is a questionnaire. The statistics used in the analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and multiple regression analysis. Major findings: 1) the workers in Chengdu with different genders, ages, average monthly income and length of employment. Effective in working They are significantly different at the 0.05 level and 2) The motivation factors of responsibility, nature of work performed and progress affect the effectiveness of workers in Chengdu with statistical significance at the 0.05 level.
Impact of Kangaroo Father Care (KFC) on Father Baby Attachment
Authors: Vadivukkarasi P. , Priti Kanchi Mohunkar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Skin-to-skin contact between father and newborn baby engenders strong feelings, increases the infant’s environmental stimulation, provides critical emotional support, and encourages the father to become actively involved in infant caring responsibilities. Today, it is common for expectant fathers to actively participate in the childbirth process as well as to reminisce on the experience with their spouse or others. Research findings shown that the emotional bonding between father and baby also enhanced by KFC. It also strengthen the confidence of fathers on new born care.  Aim: Evaluate the effectiveness of Kangaroo father care on attachment between the Father and baby among the baby born by Lower Segmental Caesarean Section in experimental and control group.  Hypothesis: H1: There is a difference in attachment between Father and baby after the implementation of KFC in the experimental & control group at 0.05 level of significance.  Methodology: Quantitative research approach with true Experimental randomized control research design was used. Non probability, total enumeration sampling technique was used to select 100 fathers had first babies born by LSCS in SVBCH, Silvassa. Modified father baby attachment scale was used. It has three components such as Patience & Tolerance, Enjoyment in interacting, Love & Pride. Bio-Physiological measurement technique was used to collect the Neonatal Outcomes.  Results: Effectiveness of KFC on attachment between the father and baby was evaluated by using the independent ‘t’ test. Study finding shown that the obtained t value [t(98, 0.05) = 4.8; 0.000: p<0.05)] was significant at 0.05 level of significance.  Conclusion: Present study shown that KFC is highly effective to enhance the bondage between the father and baby which can be practiced and to be implemented at various health facilities.
Advancements in Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Autonomous Systems
Authors: Narkarunai Arasu Malaiyappan Jesu , Mani Krishna Sistla Sai , Jeyaraman Jawaharbabu
Published: April 2024

Reinforcement learning, often known as RL, has developed as a strong paradigm to teach autonomous software agents to make choices in contexts that are both complicated and dynamic. This abstract investigates recent developments and uses of RL in a variety of fields, showing both its transformational potential and the constraints that it faces at present. Recent developments in reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, in particular deep reinforcement learning (DRL), have made it possible to make major advancements in autonomous decision- making tasks. DRL algorithms can learn complicated representations of state-action spaces by using deep neural networks. This allows for more efficient exploration and exploitation methods to be implemented. Additionally, advancements in algorithmic enhancements, such as prioritized experience replay and distributional reinforcement learning, have improved the stability and sample efficiency of reinforcement learning algorithms, which has made it possible for these algorithms to be used in real-world applications. Robotics, autonomous cars, game playing, finance, and healthcare are just a few of the many fields that may benefit from the use of RL. In the field of robotics, reinforcement learning (RL) makes it possible for autonomous agents to learn how to navigate, manipulate, and move about in environments that are both complicated and unstructured. To improve both safety and efficiency on the road, autonomous cars make use of reinforcement learning (RL) to make decisions in dynamic traffic situations. In finance, RL algorithms are used for portfolio optimization, algorithmic trading, and risk management. These applications serve to improve investment techniques and decision-making procedures. Furthermore, in the field of healthcare, RL supports individualized treatment planning, clinical decision support, and medical image analysis, which enables physicians to provide patients with care that is specifically suited to their needs. Despite the promising improvements and applications, RL is still confronted with several difficulties that restrict its capacity to be widely adopted and scaled. Among these problems are the inefficiency of the sample, the trade-offs between exploration and exploitation, concerns about safety and dependability, and the need for explainability and interpretability in decision-making processes. To effectively address these difficulties, it is necessary to engage in collaborative efforts across several disciplines, conduct research on algorithmic developments, and establish extensive assessment frameworks (Anon, 2022).
The TESS-Keck Survey. XVIII. A Sub-Neptune and Spurious Long-period Signal in the TOI-1751 System
Authors: Desai Anmol , Turtelboom Emma V. , Harada Caleb K. , Dressing Courtney D. , Rice David R. , Murphy Joseph M. Akana , Brinkman Casey L. , Chontos Ashley , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dai Fei , Hill Michelle L. , Fetherolf Tara , Giacalone Steven , Howard Andrew W. , Huber Daniel , Isaacson Howard , Kane Stephen R. , Lubin Jack , MacDougall Mason G. , Mayo Andrew W. , Močnik Teo , Polanski Alex S. , Rice Malena , Robertson Paul , Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Van Zandt Judah , Weiss Lauren M. , Bieryla Allyson , Buchhave Lars A. , Jenkins Jon M. , Kostov Veselin B. , Levine Alan M. , Lillo-Box Jorge , Paegert M. , Rabus Markus , Seager S. , Stassun Keivan G. , Ting Eric B. , Watanabe David , Winn Joshua N.
Published: April 2024

We present and confirm TOI-1751 b, a transiting sub-Neptune orbiting a slightly evolved, solar-type, metal-poor star (T
eff = 5996 ± 110 K,

log
(
g
)
=
4.2
±
0.1

, V = 9.3 mag, [Fe/H] = −0.40 ± 0.06 dex) every 37.47 days. We use TESS photometry to measure a planet radius of

2.77

−
0.07

+
0.15

R

⊕

. We also use both Keck/HIRES and APF/Levy radial velocities (RV) to derive a planet mass of

14.5

−
3.14

+
3.15

M

⊕

, and thus a planet density of 3.6 ± 0.9 g cm−3. There is also a long-period (∼400 days) signal that is observed in only the Keck/HIRES data. We conclude that this long-period signal is not planetary in nature and is likely due to the window function of the Keck/HIRES observations. This highlights the role of complementary observations from multiple observatories to identify and exclude aliases in RV data. Finally, we investigate the potential compositions of this planet, including rocky and water-rich solutions, as well as theoretical irradiated ocean models. TOI-1751 b is a warm sub-Neptune with an equilibrium temperature of ∼820 K. As TOI-1751 is a metal-poor star, TOI-1751 b may have formed in a water-enriched formation environment. We thus favor a volatile-rich interior composition for this planet.
Binary Black Hole Mergers and Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Dense Star Clusters with Collisional Runaways
Authors: Purohit Rujuta A. , Fragione Giacomo , Rasio Frederic A. , Petter Grayson C. , Hickox Ryan C.
Published: April 2024

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are believed to be the missing link between the supermassive black holes (BHs) found at the centers of massive galaxies and BHs formed through stellar core collapse. One of the proposed mechanisms for their formation is a collisional runaway process in high-density young star clusters, where an unusually massive object forms through repeated stellar collisions and mergers, eventually collapsing to form an IMBH. This seed IMBH could then grow further through binary mergers with other stellar-mass BHs. Here we investigate the gravitational-wave (GW) signals produced during these later IMBH–BH mergers. We use a state-of-the-art semi-analytic approach to study the stellar dynamics and to characterize the rates and properties of IMBH–BH mergers. We also study the prospects for detection of these mergers by current and future GW observatories, both space-based (LISA) and ground-based (LIGO Voyager, Einstein Telescope, and Cosmic Explorer). We find that most of the merger signals could be detected, with some of them being multiband sources. Therefore, GWs represent a unique tool to test the collisional runaway scenario and to constrain the population of dynamically assembled IMBHs.
A Spectroscopic Characterization of a Blazar Candidate Excluded by Automated Morphology Classification
Authors: Xie 谢 Zhang-Liang 彰亮 , Bañados Eduardo , Belladitta Silvia , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Schindler Jan-Torge , Davies Frederick , Venemans Bram P.
Published: April 2024

Blazars are radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) with their jets pointing at us at a very small angle. J064334.60–331430.29 (hereafter J0643–3314) was selected as a blazar candidate by its colors and compactness in archival radio images. In Xie et al. 2024, we introduce an algorithm to recognize likely blazars using the morphology observed in the 3 GHz Very Large Array Sky Survey. According to our algorithm, J0643–3314 is unlikely a blazar based on the two-sided jet seen in VLASS. To validate the result of our algorithm, we investigate this source further. From the extended two-sided jet lobes, the upturn radio spectrum, and the broad emission lines in the follow-up spectrum, we robustly conclude that J0643–3314 is not a blazar. We spectroscopically confirm it as a radio-loud AGN at z = 0.3, with a projected jet size of 100.4 kpc. We estimate its bolometric luminosity to be ∼6×1044 erg s−1, black hole mass of ∼2×108 M
⊙, and Eddington ratio of ∼0.02 from Hβ and Hα broad emission lines.
Rocks with Extremely Low Thermal Inertia at the OSIRIS-REx Sample Site on Asteroid Bennu
Authors: Ryan Andrew J. , Rozitis Benjamin , Pino Munoz Daniel , Becker Kris J. , Emery Joshua P. , Nolan Michael C. , Bernacki Marc , Delbo Marco , Elder Catherine M. , Siegler Matthew , Jawin Erica R. , Golish Dathon R. , Walsh Kevin J. , Haberle Christopher W. , Bennett Carina A. , Edmundson Kenneth L. , Hamilton Victoria E. , Christensen Phillip R. , Daly Michael G. , Lauretta Dante S.
Published: April 2024

The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission recently returned a sample of rocks and dust collected from asteroid Bennu. We analyzed the highest-resolution thermal data obtained by the OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES) to gain insight into the thermal and physical properties of the sampling site, including rocks that may have been sampled, and the immediately surrounding Hokioi Crater. After correcting the pointing of the OTES data sets, we find that OTES fortuitously observed two dark rocks moments before they were contacted by the spacecraft. We derived thermal inertias of 100–150 (±50) J m−2 K−1 s−1/2 for these two rocks—exceptionally low even compared with other previously analyzed dark rocks on Bennu (180–250 J m−2 K−1 s−1/2). Our simulations indicate that monolayer coatings of sand- to pebble-sized particles, as observed on one of these rocks, could significantly reduce the apparent thermal inertia and largely mask the properties of the substrate. However, the other low-thermal-inertia rock that was contacted is not obviously covered in particles. Moreover, this rock appears to have been partially crushed, and thus potentially sampled, by the spacecraft. We conclude that this rock may be highly fractured and that it should be sought in the returned sample to better understand its origin in Bennu’s parent body and the relationship between its thermal and physical properties.
Jogos de tabuleiro de ciência: o que dizem os idealizadores?
Authors: Lyra Sidcley , Dahmouche Mônica Santos , Abreu Fernanda De Avila
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo, delineamos a perspectiva dos criadores de jogos de tabuleiro com temática científica. Buscamos explorar o contexto de produção de três jogos, compreender a intencionalidade dos idealizadores para os jogos desenvolvidos e avaliar se as expectativas foram alcançadas. A pesquisa de caráter qualiquantitativo foi realizada com oito produtores de três jogos educativos: “Batalha de Micróbios”, “Imune – Série Vírus” e “Microvilões em Ação”. A intencionalidade na idealização foi investigada por meio de análise de conteúdo de entrevistas semiestruturadas e aplicação da ferramenta teórico-metodológica “Indicadores de Alfabetização Científica” nos três jogos. A análise de conteúdo das entrevistas, feita na perspectiva da Alfabetização Científica em cotejo com a Divulgação Científica, permitiu identificar presença e ausência de atributos relevantes nestes materiais. Constatamos a tendência à priorização do conhecimento científico e diferentes formas de interação – física, estética-afetiva e cognitiva – em todos os jogos. A interface social também foi um atributo presente, principalmente para apresentar o impacto da Ciência na sociedade. Por outro lado, o papel institucional, influência da economia e política na Ciência, contexto histórico e de fomento à Ciência foram negligenciados. Este resultado e a análise detalhada de outros atributos podem contribuir para uma mudança de cenário na produção de jogos educativos. Mostramos que é necessário planejar a produção de jogos com temática científica de forma a compreender outros aspectos da Divulgação Científica, como o papel das instituições e dos pesquisadores brasileiros, todos relevantes no contexto da Alfabetização e Divulgação Científica. Além de direcionar a criação, este artigo pode contribuir para a utilização de jogos de Ciência de forma significativa e eficiente com intenções educacionais em ambientes formais e não-formais de educação. Por fim, concluímos que os jogos analisados neste artigo foram desenvolvidos de forma a estimular a compreensão e a discussão de temas científicos relacionados ao cotidiano dos jogadores e, portanto, apresentam potencial educativo e pedagógico em ações de Divulgação Científica em ambientes formais e não-formais de educação.
Dinâmica de produção dos produtos educacionais em mestrados profissionais em ensino de ciências e matemática
Authors: Ferreira Ortiz Neiva Lílian , Barbosa Bemme Luís Sebastião , Vestena Rosemar De Fátima
Published: April 2024

Pesquisas na Área de Ensino referente aos Mestrados Profissionais evidenciaram que, para o desenvolvimento de um Produto Educacional, perpassa-se pelas etapas de preconcepção, pesquisa, análise e síntese, prototipação, avaliação, análise dos resultados da aplicação, revisão e replicabilidade. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar a dinâmica de produção dos Produtos Educacionais desenvolvidos por pedagogos da Região Sul do Brasil em Mestrados Profissionais em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e documental, construída a partir do levantamento dos Produtos Educacionais desenvolvidos por pedagogos em Mestrados Profissionais em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática da Região Sul do Brasil, entre 2010 e 2020. Utilizando a Plataforma Sucupira, foram identificados doze Programas de Pós-Graduação que atendem os critérios definidos. A partir de uma busca nos sites dos respectivos programas de Pós-Graduação, encontraram-se trinta Produtos Educacionais, distribuídos em nove universidades. Vinte deles contemplam a etapa de preconcepção e os momentos de pesquisa, análise e síntese, prototipação e avaliação na dinâmica de produção dos Produtos Educacionais; e dez contemplam também o momento análise dos resultados da aplicação. Observou-se que os Mestrados Profissionais em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática contemplam a proposta da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior no quesito elaboração dos Produtos Educacionais. Ainda, constatou-se que os Produtos Educacionais pesquisados atendem a dinâmica de produção de elaboração.
Green chemistry teaching: a panorama from Brazilian authors
Authors: Marques Carlos Alberto , Sandri Marilei Casturina Mendes , Marcelino Leonardo Victor , Dias Erica Dayane Souza , Machado Adélio A. S. C.
Published: April 2024

A importância da Química para o desenvolvimento sustentável levou ao desenvolvimento da Química Verde (QV) em muitos países, tanto no campo acadêmico como industrial. Em seus mais de trinta anos, os resultados das pesquisas cresceram significativamente, mas a integração desses conhecimentos e práticas na educação, embora incentivada, continua sendo um desafio e merece ser analisada. Com esse escopo, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo caracterizar as contribuições para o ensino da QV no Brasil por meio do levantamento de produções acadêmicas com a participação de, pelo menos, um autor brasileiro. As buscas foram realizadas na base de dados Web of Science, Portal de Periódicos CAPES e Plataforma Lattes, utilizando diferentes palavras-chave envolvendo a QV e seu ensino. A amostra inicial revelou uma grande comunidade de 975 químicos interessados em ensinar GC no Brasil envolvidos em 24 tipos diferentes de produções, e, nos 115 artigos, há 242 autores distintos, sendo 105 brasileiros. Essa produção aborda uma ampla variedade de temas de interesse, proposições didáticas e relatos de experiências docentes.
Problemas de comportamento, coping da hospitalização e qualidade de vida em crianças
Authors: Bastos Jennifer Aline de Albuquerque , Dias Tatiane Lebre , Enumo Sônia Regina Fiorim
Published: April 2024

OBJETIVO: Analisar em crianças internadas por doenças crônicas, com idade entre cinco e sete anos, problemas de comportamento, coping da hospitalização e qualidade de vida (QV).MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta de 33 crianças, com idade entre 5 e 7 anos, internadas em um hospital universitário por condições crônicas, em Cuiabá (MT), que responderam individualmente o Kidcope e o Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfante Imagé. Os pais das crianças que compõem a amostra responderam o Child Behavior Checklist (1½-5 anos e 6-18 anos). Na análise dos dados seguiu o preconizado em cada instrumento.RESULTADOS: Foram identificadas na faixa clínica para problemas de comportamento 71,4% das crianças mais novas, com destaque para problemas internalizantes, e 52,6% daquelas entre 6-7 anos, com maior frequência para problemas internalizantes. As crianças lidavam com a hospitalização com estratégias de enfrentamento (EE) de regulação emocional e busca de suporte social (EE adaptativas); mas, também com autocrítica e culpabilizando os outros (EE mal adaptativas). A maioria (59,26%) das crianças apresentou qualidade de vida positiva, relacionada à família (M=10,22; DP=2,89) e função (atividades na escola, refeições) (M=8,88; DP=3,06).CONCLUSÕES: Esta amostra apresentou problemas de comportamento prévios à hospitalização, relacionados à ansiedade e à depressão, comuns nas doenças crônicas. Associados à presença de EE mal adaptativas, esses problemas indicam a necessidade de atenção à saúde mental das crianças internadas, podendo contribuir para melhora da sua qualidade de vida e os desfechos em saúde.
Qualidade de vida de crianças, adolescentes e adultos com Síndrome de Down
Authors: Carvello Thainara Leão , Borges Juliana Silva , Ribeiro Maysa Ferreira Martins
Published: April 2024

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de crianças, adolescentes e adultos comsíndrome de Down, segundo o autorrelato e relato dos seus cuidadores.MÉTODOS: Estudo analítico e transversal, conduzido com crianças, adolescentes eadultos com síndrome de Down e seus cuidadores. O estudo foi desenvolvido emtrês instituições filantrópicas de reabilitação. Os dados foram coletados por meiode um questionário sociodemográfico e pelo questionário Pediatric Quality of LifeInventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0).RESULTADOS: Entre as pessoas com síndrome de Down, a maior parte era dosexo masculino (52,6%) e adultos (36,8%). A amostra foi composta por 38participantes, 19 com síndrome de Down e 19 cuidadores. A maioria doscuidadores foi constituida predominantemente pelas mães (89,5%). Ospercentuais de qualidade de vida evidenciaram boa percepção da qualidade devida, tanto no autorrelato quanto no relato dos cuidadores. De acordo com osdomínios do PedsQL 4.0, a maioria das pessoas com síndrome de Downautorrelataram pior percepção de qualidade de vida no domínio capacidadefísica e melhor percepção em atividade escolar. Já no relato dos cuidadores, odomínio mais prejudicado foi atividade escolar e o domínio com melhorpercepção foi capacidade física. Houve diferença significativa somente nodomínio atividade escolar (p=0,02) quando comparados os percentuais doautorrelato e do relato do cuidador.CONCLUSÕES: Pessoas com síndrome de Down descreveram percepçõesdiferentes das descritas por seus cuidadores, percebendo sua saúde física como oaspecto mais prejudicado, indicando a importância de intervenções clínicas quepossam ajudá-los a vencer os desafios. Este estudo ressalta a importância doautorrelato.
Qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Xavier Welker Da Silva , Pereira Cláudia Dayube , Reis Adriana Teixeira , Dos Santos Rosilene Aparecida , Santana Nelbe Nesi
Published: April 2024

OBJETIVO: Identificar abordagens acerca da qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística.MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. A busca ocorreu entre os meses de maio e setembro de 2020, nas bases de dados: MEDLINE via PUBMED, Web of Science, CINHAL, LILACS, IBECS e BDENF via BVS. Utilizou-se descritores identificados no DECs (Descritores em Ciência da Saúde) e MESH (Medical Subject Headings) em diferentes combinações. O corpus de pesquisa foi constituído por artigos originais, publicados nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa ou espanhola, publicados de 2016 a 2020.RESULTADOS: Os principais sintomas que se relacionam com uma baixa qualidade de vida são os problemas sinonasais, distúrbios do sono, alterações de humor, dores, exacerbações pulmonares e problemas gastrointestinais. Consequentemente, há um prejuízo importante no convívio social, tratamento, alimentação, funcionamento físico e emocional e desenvolvimento escolar desses indivíduos. Como estratégias de enfrentamento, algumas intervenções não farmacológicas podem ser utilizadas, como ioga e terapia com massagem. Além disso, os cuidadores também sofrem com problemas como, o aumento das preocupações, dos níveis de ansiedade e de depressão.CONCLUSÕES: Diante do exposto, as evidências apresentadas podem sensibilizar os profissionais sobre a importância da temática e fornece subsídios para o planejamento de ações estratégicas, no âmbito da enfermagem pediátrica, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes com FC. Por fim, entende-se que os resultados devem ser avaliados com prudência, visto que os estudos selecionados utilizaram diferentes metodologias, instrumentos de avaliação e número de participantes, o que dificulta a generalização dos dados.