bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A shared neural code for the physics of actions and object events
Authors: Karakose-Akbiyik Seda , Caramazza Alfonso , Wurm Moritz F.
Published: June 2023

Observing others’ actions recruits frontoparietal and posterior temporal brain regions – also called the action observation network. It is typically assumed that these regions support recognizing actions of animate entities (e.g., person jumping over a box). However, objects can also participate in events with rich meaning and structure (e.g., ball bouncing over a box). So far, it has not been clarified which brain regions encode information specific to goal-directed actions or more general information that also defines object events. Here, we show a shared neural code for visually presented actions and object events throughout the action observation network. We argue that this neural representation captures the structure and physics of events regardless of animacy. We find that lateral occipitotemporal cortex encodes information about events that is also invariant to stimulus modality. Our results shed light onto the representational profiles of posterior temporal and frontoparietal cortices, and their roles in encoding event information.
PXL1 and SERKs act as receptor–coreceptor complexes for the CLE19 peptide to regulate pollen development
Authors: Yu Ying , Song Wen , Zhai Nuo , Zhang Shiting , Wang Jianzheng , Wang Shuangshuang , Liu Weijia , Huang Chien-Hsun , Ma Hong , Chai Jijie , Chang Fang
Published: June 2023

Gametophyte development in angiosperms occurs within diploid sporophytic structures and requires coordinated development; e.g., development of the male gametophyte pollen depends on the surrounding sporophytic tissue, the tapetum. The mechanisms underlying this interaction remain poorly characterized. The peptide CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 19 (CLE19) plays a “braking” role in preventing the harmful overexpression of tapetum transcriptional regulators to ensure normal pollen development in Arabidopsis. However, the CLE19 receptor is unknown. Here, we show that CLE19 interacts directly with the PXY-LIKE1 (PXL1) ectodomain and induces PXL1 phosphorylation. PXL1 is also required for the function of CLE19 in maintaining the tapetal transcriptional regulation of pollen exine genes. Additionally, CLE19 induces the interactions of PXL1 with SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) coreceptors required for pollen development. We propose that PXL1 and SERKs act as receptor and coreceptor, respectively, of the extracellular CLE19 signal, thereby regulating tapetum gene expression and pollen development.
Saturated fat replacement in short dough biscuits with HPMC and lecithin stabilised nanoemulsions
Authors: Kampa Jansuda , Bull Stephanie P. , Signorello Antonio , Frazier Richard A. , Rodriguez-Garcia Julia
Published: June 2023

Biscuits contain high proportions of saturated fats, which could lead to an adverse health effect. The objective of this study was to study the functionality of a complex nanoemulsion (CNE), stabilised with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and lecithin, when used as a saturated fat replacer in short dough biscuits. Four biscuit formulations were studied including a control (butter) and three formulations where 33% of the butter was replaced with either extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), with CNE, or with the individual ingredients of the nanoemulsion added separately (INE). The biscuits were evaluated by texture analysis, microstructural characterisation, and quantitative descriptive analysis by a trained sensory panel. The results showed that incorporation of CNE and INE yielded doughs and biscuits with significantly higher (p < 0.05) hardness and fracture strength values than the control. The doughs made of CNE and INE showed significantly less oil migration during the storage than EVOO formulations, which was confirmed by the confocal images. The trained panel did not find significant differences in crumb density and hardness on the first bite among CNE, INE and the control. In conclusion, nanoemulsions stabilised with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and lecithin can work as saturated fat replacers in short dough biscuits, providing satisfactory physical characteristics and sensory attributes.
Large scale proteomic studies create novel privacy considerations
Authors: Hill Andrew C. , Guo Claire , Litkowski Elizabeth M. , Manichaikul Ani W. , Yu Bing , Konigsberg Iain R. , Gorbet Betty A. , Lange Leslie A. , Pratte Katherine A. , Kechris Katerina J. , DeCamp Matthew , Coors Marilyn , Ortega Victor E. , Rich Stephen S. , Rotter Jerome I. , Gerzsten Robert E. , Clish Clary B. , Curtis Jeffrey L. , Hu Xiaowei , Obeidat Ma-en , Morris Melody , Loureiro Joseph , Ngo Debby , O’Neal Wanda K. , Meyers Deborah A. , Bleecker Eugene R. , Hobbs Brian D. , Cho Michael H. , Banaei-Kashani Farnoush , Bowler Russell P.
Published: June 2023

Privacy protection is a core principle of genomic but not proteomic research. We identified independent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) quantitative trait loci (pQTL) from COPDGene and Jackson Heart Study (JHS), calculated continuous protein level genotype probabilities, and then applied a naïve Bayesian approach to link SomaScan 1.3K proteomes to genomes for 2812 independent subjects from COPDGene, JHS, SubPopulations and InteRmediate Outcome Measures In COPD Study (SPIROMICS) and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). We correctly linked 90–95% of proteomes to their correct genome and for 95–99% we identify the 1% most likely links. The linking accuracy in subjects with African ancestry was lower (~ 60%) unless training included diverse subjects. With larger profiling (SomaScan 5K) in the Atherosclerosis Risk Communities (ARIC) correct identification was > 99% even in mixed ancestry populations. We also linked proteomes-to-proteomes and used the proteome only to determine features such as sex, ancestry, and first-degree relatives. When serial proteomes are available, the linking algorithm can be used to identify and correct mislabeled samples. This work also demonstrates the importance of including diverse populations in omics research and that large proteomic datasets (> 1000 proteins) can be accurately linked to a specific genome through pQTL knowledge and should not be considered unidentifiable.
On learning agent-based models from data
Authors: Monti Corrado , Pangallo Marco , De Francisci Morales Gianmarco , Bonchi Francesco
Published: June 2023

Agent-Based Models (ABMs) are used in several fields to study the evolution of complex systems from micro-level assumptions. However, a significant drawback of ABMs is their inability to estimate agent-specific (or “micro”) variables, which hinders their ability to make accurate predictions using micro-level data. In this paper, we propose a protocol to learn the latent micro-variables of an ABM from data. We begin by translating an ABM into a probabilistic model characterized by a computationally tractable likelihood. Next, we use a gradient-based expectation maximization algorithm to maximize the likelihood of the latent variables. We showcase the efficacy of our protocol on an ABM of the housing market, where agents with different incomes bid higher prices to live in high-income neighborhoods. Our protocol produces accurate estimates of the latent variables while preserving the general behavior of the ABM. Moreover, our estimates substantially improve the out-of-sample forecasting capabilities of the ABM compared to simpler heuristics. Our protocol encourages modelers to articulate assumptions, consider the inferential process, and spot potential identification problems, thus making it a useful alternative to black-box data assimilation methods.
The rhythm of chemotherapy and the felt experience of time: a front-loaded phenomenological retrospective cohort study
Authors: Moskalewicz Marcin , Kordel Piotr , Kokociński Maciej , Wiertlewska-Bielarz Jadwiga , Makowski Piotr
Published: June 2023

It is well-known that chemotherapy brings about various adverse physical effects such as fatigue, nausea, or vomiting, and that it lowers mental well-being. It is less known that it desynchronizes patients with social environment. This study explores the temporal aspects and challenges of chemotherapy. Three groups equal in size and distinguished according to weekly, biweekly, and triweekly treatment schemes, each independently representative in terms of sex and age of the cancer population (total N = 440) were compared. The study found that chemotherapy sessions, regardless of their frequency, patients’ age, and the overall length of treatment, have a very large effect on changing the felt pace of time from flying to dragging (Cohen’s d = 1.6655). Most patients pay more attention to the passing of time than before treatment (59.3%), which has to do with the disease (77.4%). They also experience the loss of control over time, which they subsequently attempt to regain. The patients’ actual activities before and after chemotherapy, however, are mostly the same. All these aspects create a unique 'chemo-rhythm', in which the significance of the type of cancer and demographic variables is negligible, and the mere rhythmic nature of treatment plays a central role. In conclusion, patients find the ‘chemo-rhythm’ stressful, unpleasant and difficult to control. It is vital to prepare them for it and help to reduce its adverse effects.
Parallel and anti-parallel helical surface states for topological semimetals
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Murakami Shuichi
Published: June 2023

Weyl points, carrying a Z-type monopole charge $$C$$
C
, have bulk-surface correspondence (BSC) associated with helical surface states (HSSs). When |$$C$$
C
| $$>1$$

>
1

, multi-HSSs can appear in a parallel manner. However, when a pair of Weyl points carrying $$C$$
C
$$=\pm 1$$

=
±
1

meet, a Dirac point carrying $$C$$
C
= 0 can be obtained and the BSC vanishes. Nonetheless, a recent study in Zhang et al. (Phys Rev Res 4:033170, 2022) shows that a new BSC can survive for Dirac points when the system has time-reversal ($${T}$$
T
)-glide ($${G}$$
G
) symmetry ($${\tilde{\Theta }}$$

Θ
~

=TG), i.e., anti-parallel double/quad-HSSs associated with a new $$Z_{2}$$

Z
2

-type monopole charge $${Q}$$
Q
appear. In this paper, we systematically review and discuss both the parallel and anti-parallel multi-HSSs for Weyl and Dirac points, carrying two different kinds of monopole charges. Two material examples are offered to understand the whole configuration of multi-HSSs. One carries the Z-type monopole charge $$C$$
C
, showing both local and global topology for three kinds of Weyl points, and it leads to parallel multi-HSSs. The other carries the $$Z_{2}$$

Z
2

-type monopole charge $${Q}$$
Q
, only showing the global topology for $${\tilde{\Theta }}$$

Θ
~

-invariant Dirac points, and it is accompanied by anti-parallel multi-HSSs.
Combining machine learning with Cox models to identify predictors for incident post-menopausal breast cancer in the UK Biobank
Authors: Liu Xiaonan , Morelli Davide , Littlejohns Thomas J. , Clifton David A. , Clifton Lei
Published: June 2023

We aimed to identify potential novel predictors for breast cancer among post-menopausal women, with pre-specified interest in the role of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for risk prediction. We utilised an analysis pipeline where machine learning was used for feature selection, prior to risk prediction by classical statistical models. An “extreme gradient boosting” (XGBoost) machine with Shapley feature-importance measures were used for feature selection among $$\approx$$
≈
1.7 k features in 104,313 post-menopausal women from the UK Biobank. We constructed and compared the “augmented” Cox model (incorporating the two PRS, known and novel predictors) with a “baseline” Cox model (incorporating the two PRS and known predictors) for risk prediction. Both of the two PRS were significant in the augmented Cox model ($$p<0.001$$

p
<
0.001

). XGBoost identified 10 novel features, among which five showed significant associations with post-menopausal breast cancer: plasma urea (HR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.98, $$p<0.001$$

p
<
0.001

), plasma phosphate (HR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.88, $$p=0.003$$

p
=
0.003

), basal metabolic rate (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.11–1.24, $$p<0.001$$

p
<
0.001

), red blood cell count (HR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.08–1.35, $$p<0.001$$

p
<
0.001

), and creatinine in urine (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09, $$p=0.006$$

p
=
0.006

). Risk discrimination was maintained in the augmented Cox model, yielding C-index 0.673 vs 0.667 (baseline Cox model) with the training data and 0.665 vs 0.664 with the test data. We identified blood/urine biomarkers as potential novel predictors for post-menopausal breast cancer. Our findings provide new insights to breast cancer risk. Future research should validate novel predictors, investigate using multiple PRS and more precise anthropometry measures for better breast cancer risk prediction.
Cigarette smoke extract impairs gingival epithelial barrier function
Authors: Yamaga Shunsuke , Tanigaki Keita , Nakamura Eriko , Sasaki Naoko , Kato Yuta , Kuboniwa Masae , Matsusaki Michiya , Amano Atsuo , Takeuchi Hiroki
Published: June 2023

We previously showed that junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM1) and coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR), tight junction-associated proteins, have important roles to maintain epithelial barrier function in gingival tissues. Smoking is considered to be a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on JAM1 and CXADR in human gingival epithelial cells. CSE was found to cause translocation of JAM1 from the cellular surface to EGFR-positive endosomes, whereas CXADR did not. Using a three-dimensional multilayered gingival epithelial tissue model, CSE administration was found to increase permeability to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, whereas overexpression of JAM1 in the tissue model prevented penetration by those substrates. Furthermore, vitamin C increased JAM1 expression, and inhibited penetration of LPS and PGN induced by CSE. These findings strongly suggest that CSE disrupts gingival barrier function via dislocation of JAM1, thus allowing bacterial virulence factors to penetrate into subepithelial tissues. Furthermore, they indicate that vitamin C increases JAM1 expression and prevents disruption of gingival barrier function by CSE.
Association of systemic adverse reaction patterns with long-term dynamics of humoral and cellular immunity after coronavirus disease 2019 third vaccination
Authors: Yoshida Makoto , Kobashi Yurie , Kawamura Takeshi , Shimazu Yuzo , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Omata Fumiya , Saito Hiroaki , Yamamoto Chika , Zhao Tianchen , Takita Morihiro , Ito Naomi , Tatsuno Kenji , Kaneko Yudai , Nakayama Aya , Kodama Tatsuhiko , Wakui Masatoshi , Takahashi Kenzo , Tsubokura Masaharu
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to clarify the impact of adverse reactions on immune dynamics. We investigated the pattern of systemic adverse reactions after the second and third coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations and their relationship with immunoglobulin G against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike 1 protein titers, neutralizing antibody levels, peak cellular responses, and the rate of decrease after the third vaccination in a large-scale community-based cohort in Japan. Participants who received a third vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna), had two blood samples, had not had COVID-19, and had information on adverse reactions after the second and third vaccinations (n = 2198) were enrolled. We collected data on sex, age, adverse reactions, comorbidities, and daily medicine using a questionnaire survey. Participants with many systemic adverse reactions after the second and third vaccinations had significantly higher humoral and cellular immunity in the peak phase. Participants with multiple systemic adverse reactions after the third vaccination had small changes in the geometric values of humoral immunity and had the largest geometric mean of cellar immunity in the decay phase. Systemic adverse reactions after the third vaccination helped achieve high peak values and maintain humoral and cellular immunity. This information may help promote uptake of a third vaccination, even among those who hesitate due to adverse reactions.
Country-level predictors of COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Brown Paul A.
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to identify country-level predictors of COVID-19 mortality, after controlling for diverse potential factors, and utilizing current worldwide mortality data. COVID-19 deaths, as well as geographic, demographic, socioeconomic, healthcare, population health, and pandemic-related variables, were obtained for 152 countries. Continuous variables were examined with Spearman’s correlation, categorical variables with ANOVA or Welch’s Heteroscedastic F Test, and country-level independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality identified by weighted generalized additive models. This study identified independent mortality predictors in six limited models, comprising groups of related variables. However, in the full model, only WHO region, percent of population ≥ 65 years, Corruption Perception Index, hospital beds/100,000 population, and COVID-19 cases/100,000 population were predictive of mortality, with model accounting for 80.7% of variance. These findings suggest areas for focused intervention in the event of similar future public health emergencies, including prioritization of the elderly, optimizing healthcare capacity, and improving deficient health sector-related governance.
In-vitro and in-silico evidence for oxidative stress as drivers for RDW
Authors: Joosse Huibert-Jan , van Oirschot Brigitte A. , Kooijmans Sander A. A. , Hoefer Imo E. , van Wijk Richard A. H. , Huisman Albert , van Solinge Wouter W. , Haitjema Saskia
Published: June 2023

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a biomarker associated with a variety of clinical outcomes. While anemia and subclinical inflammation have been posed as underlying pathophysiology, it is unclear what mechanisms underlie these assocations. Hence, we aimed to unravel the mechanisms in silico using a large clinical dataset and validate our findings in vitro. We retrieved complete blood counts (CBC) from 1,403,663 measurements from the Utrecht Patient Oriented Database, to model RDW using gradient boosting regression. We performed (sex-stratified) analyses in patients with anemia, patients younger/older than 50 and validation across platforms and care settings. We then validated our hypothesis regarding oxidative stress using an in vitro approach. Only percentage microcytic (pMIC) and macrocytic (pMAC) erythrocytes and mean corpuscular volume were most important in modelling RDW (RMSE = 0.40, R2 = 0.96). Subgroup analyses and validation confirmed our findings. In vitro induction of oxidative stress underscored our results, namely increased RDW and decreased erythrocyte volume, yet no vesiculation was observed. We found that erythrocyte size, especially pMIC, is most informative in predicting RDW, but no role for anemia or inflammation. Oxidative stress affecting the size of the erythrocytes may play a role in the association between RDW and clinical outcomes.
Autonomic responses during bladder hydrodistention under general versus spinal anaesthesia in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kim Yoon Jung , Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Kang Yu Jin , Oh Seung-June , Hur Min , Park Hee-Pyoung , Lee Hyung-Chul
Published: June 2023

Blocking the abrupt increase in systolic blood pressure associated with autonomic response during bladder hydrodistention in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is essential for patient safety. We conducted this study to compare autonomic responses during bladder hydrodistention in patients with IC/BPS under general and spinal anaesthesia. Thirty-six patients were randomly allocated to a general anaesthesia (GA, n = 18) or a spinal anaesthesia (SA, n = 18) group. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured continuously and ΔSBP, defined as maximum increases in SBP during bladder hydrodistention from baseline, was compared between groups. Heart rate variability was analysed using electrocardiograms. The post-anaesthesia care unit assessed postoperative pain using a numeric (0–10) rating scale. Our analyses yield a significantly greater ΔSBP (73.0 [26.0–86.1] vs. 2.0 [− 4.0 to 6.0] mmHg), a significantly lower root-mean-square of successive differences in heart rate variability after bladder hydrodistention (10.8 [7.7–19.8] vs. 20.6 [15.1–44.7] ms), and significantly higher postoperative pain scores (3.5 [0.0–5.5] vs. 0.0 [0.0–0.0]) in the GA compared to the SA group. These findings suggest that SA has advantages over GA for bladder hydrodistention in preventing an abrupt increase in SBP and postoperative pain in IC/BPS patients.
Intra-population genomic diversity of the bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Aphanizomenon gracile, at low spatial scale
Authors: Halary Sébastien , Duperron Sébastien , Kim Tiam Sandra , Duval Charlotte , Bernard Cécile , Marie Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria that perform a substantial part of the global primary production. Some species are responsible for catastrophic environmental events, called blooms, which have become increasingly common in lakes and freshwater bodies as a consequence of global changes. Genotypic diversity is considered essential for marine cyanobacterial population, allowing it to cope with spatio-temporal environmental variations and to adapt to specific micro-niches in the ecosystem. This aspect is underestimated in the study of bloom development, however, and given little notice in studies of the ecology of harmful cyanobacteria. Here we compared the genomes of four strains of Aphanizomenon gracile, a species of filamentous toxinogenic cyanobacteria (Nostocales) found worldwide in fresh and brackish water. Millimeter-sized fascicles were isolated from a single water sample and have been maintained in culture since 2010. A comparative study revealed extensive heterogeneity in gene contents, despite similar genome size and high similarity indices. These variations were mainly associated with mobile genetic elements and biosynthetic gene clusters. For some of the latter, metabolomic analysis confirmed the production of related secondary metabolites, such as cyanotoxins and carotenoids, which are thought to play a fundamental role in the cyanobacterial fitness. Altogether, these results demonstrated that an A. gracile bloom could be a highly diverse population at low spatial scale and raised questions about potential exchanges of essential metabolites between individuals.
Advances on the Sedimentation Stability of Magnetorheological Fluids
Authors: Wereley Norman M. , Choi Young T. , Chambers Jonathan , Xie Lei “Romy” , Wen Mingfu “Eric”
Published: June 2023

Magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) have been widely applied to various engineering applications, especially in vibration isolation and shock mitigation systems because of their fast response time and continuously controllable actuating force (or torque) without moving parts. Yet, because of the large density difference between the magnetic particles and the carrier fluid inside MRFs, MRF-based applications inevitably experience sedimentation. Thus, fluid stability is a critical factor when implementing successful commercial MRF-based applications. In this chapter, the monitoring systems to track sedimentation of MRFs are discussed and their working principles are explained. Also, analysis to enhance understanding of the sedimentation process is addressed.
Progress in Surface Functionalized Particle-based Magnetorheological Composites
Authors: Munteanu A. , Sedlacik M.
Published: June 2023

In this chapter, we consider the effect of different types of coatings and shells on magnetic particles. By grafting different kinds of coating onto magnetic particles many typical difficulties for magnetic suspensions, such as corrosion and flocculation, can be overcome. The coating effect on three different systems magnetorheological fluids (MRFs), ferrofluids (FFs) and magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) is discussed in detail and different coatings are compared for each system. The coatings are further categorized based on applications with a few special cases, which are highlighted giving emphases to the applications and a comparison to uncoated particles. Lastly, the synthesis and grafting of coatings among coating characterization techniques are mentioned, followed by conclusions and some remaining problems which coatings and shells could potentially solve.
Using Triaxial Magnetic Fields to Create Optimal Particle Composites, Fluid Vorticity, Advection Lattices, Vortex Lattices, and Biomimetic Dynamics
Authors: Martin James E.
Published: June 2023

Triaxial magnetic fields of even modest strength are a powerful and flexible means of controlling magnetic soft matter. If the continuous phase is a polymerizing resin, triaxial fields can be used to create fully optimized isometric or anisometric particle composites that have high magnetic permeability, thermal conductivity, magnetoresistance and magnetostriction, as well as minimal gas permeability and strain-sensitive electrical conductivity. Applications for such materials include sensors, actuators, heat spreaders, electromagnetic shielding and so forth. If the continuous phase is a liquid, vigorous fluid vorticity can be stimulated such that the vorticity vector itself can be either stationary or can undergo a limitless variety of complex, 3D orbits that stimulate a variety of biomimetic dynamics in a magnetic fluid suspended in an immiscible liquid. Finally, in suspensions of magnetic flakes it is possible to create advection lattices with a controllable lattice spacing, and even vortex lattices of remarkable regularity. These various fields of research will be described in this chapter to inspire others to pursue this research direction.
On the Use of X-ray Microtomography to Investigate the Field-driven Structure and Rheology in Magnetorheological Elastomers
Authors: Borin D. , Odenbach S.
Published: June 2023

This chapter gives a review of the current progress on investigations of the microstructure of magnetorheological elastomers using X-ray computed microtomography. The basic physical principles, the equipment used and an overview of results on both the global microstructure of magnetorheological elastomers of diverse compositions and their microstructural analysis on single particles basis are presented.
On the Use of Unsteady Magnetic Fields in Magnetorheology
Authors: Donado F. , Moctezuma R. E.
Published: June 2023

The aggregation process in magnetorheological fluids is responsible for the shape and size of the generated aggregates; it strongly depends on the characteristics of the applied magnetic fields. In turn, aggregates control the change in physical properties of magnetorheological fluids. Magnetorheological fluids are typically characterised under the presence of steady uniaxial DC fields. However, unsteady magnetic fields introduce more notable changes in the system structure than steady fields. Despite this, a reduced number of studies on rheological behaviour under unsteady magnetic fields have been carried out. The most studied unsteady field configuration used in rheological measurement is the oscillating magnetic field which induces a waving movement in the chains, favouring lateral interactions, and therefore the formation of longer and thicker structures. This aggregation is remarkably more intense and faster than that produced by thermal fluctuations. When an oscillating magnetic field is used, it does not affect joint stability among the particles. Furthermore, the chains remain essentially oriented in the direction of the static magnetic field, and with this, the anisotropy of the system remains unchanged in direction.
Rheological Properties of Bimodal Magnetic Suspensions
Authors: Vékás Ladislau
Published: June 2023

The rheological behavior of magnetic suspensions can be maximized by using bidisperse particles having different size (i.e. bimodal suspensions). The size ratio is crucial with regard to stability and MR effect. A rich domain of rheological behavior exists for a wide range of particle diameters covering the magnetic single-multidomain transition spanning the gap between ferrofluids and conventional magnetorheological fluids, the particle interaction parameter varying in a very large interval. In the wide size region from several nanometers to a few micrometers, bimodal MR fluids, among them ferrofluid based ones, are analyzed and discussed to explore and demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of suspensions of different sized particles.
Discontinuous Shear Thickening with Suspensions of Magnetic Particles
Authors: Bossis G. , Volkova O. , Dobler M. , Grasselli Y. , Ciffreo A.
Published: June 2023

Discontinuous shear thickening (DST) is usually found in very concentrated suspensions of solid particles and is characterized by a sudden jump in stress during a ramp of shear rate. We have investigated this transition in suspension of magnetic particles with the idea of monitoring the critical shear rate with the help of a magnetic field. Furthermore, the use of conductive particles allows one to relate the conductivity of the suspension to the setup of a network of contacts between particles during this transition. We shall compare our experimental rheograms to the prediction of the standard model, and we shall show how the instability observed above a critical stress can be related to the inertia of the rotating tool. Last, we shall present results related to applications in the domain of the control of forces with a magnetic field and emphasize the fact that the control of the DST allows to improve the efficiency of the devices by more than order of magnitude.
Particle Level Simulations in Magnetorheological Suspensions
Authors: Bierwisch C.
Published: June 2023

The rheology of dense suspensions is described in the dual views of the volume-based and the pressure-based approach. Based on this, the influences of cohesion and friction of the particles on the rheology of non-magnetic and magnetic suspensions are considered. A comprehensive framework for particle level simulations of dense magnetic suspensions is presented and used for rheological analysis. The validity of stress additivity for magnetorheological suspensions in the presence of contact forces is shown.
Stabilization of Pd NPs over the surface of β-cyclodextrin incorporated UiO-66-NH2 for the C–C coupling reaction
Authors: Mohammadi Leila , Taghavi Reza , Hosseinifard Mojtaba , Vaezi Mohammad Reza , Rostamnia Sadegh
Published: June 2023

Here, we prepared UiO-66-NH2 and employed a post-synthesis modification method for its functionalization with a β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) organic compound.
Competitive isomerization and catalyst decomposition during ring-closing metathesis
Authors: Killeen Charles , Liu Jie , Zijlstra Harmen S. , Maass Florian , Piers James , Adams Reid , Oliver Allen , McIndoe J. Scott
Published: June 2023

Studying the reaction dynamics of ring-closing metathesis by-products is challenging with traditional methods of analysis. Real-time kinetic monitoring with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is used to reveal the chemical complexity at play in these reactions.
Synergistic effects of bimetals and hierarchical structures in Mg–Sn-Beta-H zeolites for lactic acid synthesis from biomass-derived carbohydrates
Authors: Xia Meng , Shen Zheng , Xiao Shaoze , Gu Minyan , Zhang Yalei
Published: June 2023

The catalytically active sites and hierarchical structure in Mg–Sn-Beta-H zeolite exhibited a clear synergistic effect on the conversion of glucose to lactic acid by promoting the main reaction steps and inhibiting the progress of side reactions.
Large Au@Pd/PdOx core–porous shell nanoparticles as efficient ethanol oxidation electrocatalysts
Authors: Hao Junfang , Liu Bin , Takahashi Mari , Maenosono Shinya , Yang Jianhui
Published: June 2023

An ultrathin layer of PdOx on the surface of large Au@Pd core–porous shell nanoparticles with diameters of between 20 and 60 nm plays a significant role in electrochemical ethanol oxidation.
Macroporous NiMo alloy self-supporting electrodes for efficient hydrogen evolution at ultrahigh current densities
Authors: Chen Yudan , Chen Lin , Xiong Ying , Yu Xinxin , Tang Kun , Zhang Lixin , Wu Mingzai
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a porous array NiMo alloy electrode is designed. The multi-scale pore structure and super-wetted surface of the electrode make mass transfer rapid, which ensures that the precipitated H2 bubbles are removed in time.
Stimuli-responsive dynamic hydrogels: design, properties and tissue engineering applications
Authors: Amirthalingam Sivashanmugam , Rajendran Arun Kumar , Moon Young Gi , Hwang Nathaniel S.
Published: June 2023

This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in hydrogel systems that respond dynamically to various stimuli, including some of the interesting fabrication strategies, and their application in cardiac, bone, and neural tissue regeneration.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation with molecular dynamics study of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as anti-cancer agents
Authors: Shaban Rania M. , Samir Nermin , Nissan Yassin M. , Abouzid Khaled A. M.
Published: June 2023

Design strategy for pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives based on tandutinib structure.
Berberine isolation from Coscinium fenestratum: optical, electrochemical, and computational studies
Authors: Rajapakse R. M. Gamini , Horrocks Benjamin R. , Malikaramage A. U. , Gunarathna H. M. N. P. , Egodawele M. G. S. A. M. E. W. D. D. K. , Jayasinghe J. M. Susanthi , Ranatunga Udayana , Herath W. H. M. R. N. K. , Sandakelum Lahiru , Wylie Shane , Abewardana P. G. P. R. , Seneviratne V. N. , Perera L. L. K. , Velauthapillai D.
Published: June 2023

Berberine is isolated from tree turmeric and its optical and electrochemical properties interpreted using quantum chemical simulation.
Packing bimodal magnetic particles to fabricate highly dense anisotropic rare earth bonded permanent magnets
Authors: Liu Xubo B. , Gandha Kinjal , Wang Haobo , Mungale Kaustubh , Vaidya Uday Kumar , Nlebedim Ikenna C. , Paranthaman Mariappan Parans
Published: June 2023

Bimodal particles of NdFeB and SmFeB yielded high-density bonded magnets. The energy product of 20 MGOe with 81 vol% magnet loading was demonstrated.
Revealing surface fine structure on PtAu catalysts by anin situATR-SEIRAS CO-probe method
Authors: Li Guang , An Zheng-Chao , Yang Jian , Zheng Jin-Hong , Ji Li-Fei , Zhang Jun-Ming , Ye Jin-Yu , Zhang Bin-Wei , Jiang Yan-Xia , Sun Shi-Gang
Published: June 2023

Anin situATR-SEIRAS CO-probe method is used to identify surface active sites and clarify structure–activity relationship of PtAu catalystsviasecond-derivative spectrum method and Gaussian fitting of infrared spectra of CO oxidation reaction.
Synergetic effect of TiO2/ZnO bilayer photoanodes realizing exceptionally high VOC for dye-sensitized solar cells under outdoor and indoor illumination
Authors: Jagadeesh Anooja , Veerappan Ganapathy , Devi P. Sujatha , Unni K. N. Narayanan , Soman Suraj
Published: June 2023

Leveraging indoor photovoltaics for battery-free, self-powered IoT applications using engineered dye-sensitized light harvesters with record VOC of 1.27 V, as a sustainable solution to mitigate the carbon footprint caused by discarded and depleted batteries.
Kinetic arrest of atomic diffusion-induced spin gapless semiconductor in Ti2MnAl Heusler compound
Authors: Li Guijiang , Sun Qihang , Xu Lei , Liu Guodong , Cao Zhenhua
Published: June 2023

The metastable spin gapless semiconductor Ti2MnAl results from the kinetic arrest of atomic diffusion during sample preparation from the high-temperature relatively low-symmetric phase to the low-temperature high-symmetric phase.
Mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics in pancreatic beta cell glucose sensing
Authors: Rutter Guy A. , Sidarala Vaibhav , Kaufman Brett A. , Soleimanpour Scott A.
Published: June 2023

Glucose-regulated insulin secretion becomes defective in all forms of diabetes. The signaling mechanisms through which the sugar acts on the ensemble of beta cells within the islet remain a vigorous area of research after more than 60 years. Here, we focus firstly on the role that the privileged oxidative metabolism of glucose plays in glucose detection, discussing the importance of ‘disallowing' in the beta cell the expression of genes including Lactate dehydrogenase (Ldha) and the lactate transporter Mct1/Slc16a1 to restrict other metabolic fates for glucose. We next explore the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism by Ca2+ and its possible role in sustaining glucose signaling towards insulin secretion. Finally, we discuss in depth the importance of mitochondrial structure and dynamics in the beta cell, and their potential for therapeutic targeting by incretin hormones or direct regulators of mitochondrial fusion. This review, and the 2023 Sir Philip Randle Lecture which GAR will give at the Islet Study Group meeting in Vancouver, Canada in June 2023, honor the foundational, and sometimes under-appreciated, contributions made by Professor Randle and his colleagues towards our understanding of the regulation of insulin secretion.
Predictors for Augmentative and Alternative Communication Clinical Service Provision: Closing the Gap
Authors: Johnson Rachel K. , Gohsman Meredith K.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

At the core of the clinical services provided by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) is upholding the human right to communicate. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) modalities support communication across environments by offering temporary or permanent solutions. Barriers to AAC service provision include translation of knowledge into clinical practice, which remains problematic despite changes to AAC preservice training addressing the knowledge barrier. This study aims to understand the importance of factors impacting the provision of AAC clinical services.

Method:

From the survey data of SLPs (
N
= 530) regarding current AAC service delivery practices, barriers, and professional development preferences in the United States, a hierarchical multiple regression identified the importance between individual and clinical practice variables of knowledge and current use of AAC modalities. A binomial logistic regression predicted the probability of one or more independent variables for barriers to AAC service delivery and learning preferences for AAC-related professional development.

Results:

The factors impacting SLPs' knowledge and barriers to practice are related to clinical practicum experiences. Engagement in AAC-related continuing education (CE) is the primary contributor to the use of AAC service provision. Predictors for barriers to AAC clinical provision are associated with clinical practicum experiences, the average number of patients seen weekly, and geographic region. Preference for CE topics and frequency depend on the work setting.

Conclusions:

Hands-on clinical practicum experience addresses opportunity barriers in AAC service provision, contributing explicitly to the value of collaboration in AAC service delivery and highlights the importance of evidence-based professional development content. The findings from this study are reassuring in that clinicians are using AAC and suggest that high-quality professional development is an effective means to address the gap between knowledge generation and translation in the field.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23202170
A joint denoising and deep learning detector for OFDM‐IM
Authors: Duan Sirui , Liu Jiancheng , Pang Yucai , Yu Xiang , Wu Chao
Published: June 2023

Only a subset of subcarriers are activated in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing‐index modulation (OFDM‐IM), which achieves higher energy efficiency and resists frequency offset. In the OFDM‐IM, the energy of the received signal is computed and then combined with pre‐processed signal to create the input of detection network. Inspired by image denoising technology, this study enhances the detection performance by denoising the pre‐processed data and improving the energy distribution in the OFDM‐IM system. First, considering that the noise reduction process of the pre‐processed signal can effectively mitigate the distortion by noise which affects the detection accuracy, this study proposes a two‐phase neural network termed as Deep‐Denoising‐IM through the combination of a noise reduction network and a deep learning detection method. Then, to better determine the position of the active carriers, a joint decision method of the denoised data and the received signal is designed as the IQ signal of the denoised data may change the quadrant of original signal distribution. In addition, the pre‐processed data sample has insufficient diversity. Considering that data enhancement can increase the noise of the signal samples, this study proposes a method to strengthen the silent carriers in the model training phase, which improves the generalization ability of the model and further enhances the denoising performance. Simulation results show that Deep‐Denoising‐IM outperforms the existing detectors in terms of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) under the Rayleigh fading channel.
Performance analysis of uplink optical wireless communications in the presence of a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface
Authors: Salehiyan Alireza , Emadi Mohammad Javad
Published: June 2023

Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has gained research and development interests in modifying wireless channel characteristics in order to improve the performance of wireless communications, especially when the quality of the line‐of‐sight channel is not that good. In this work, for the first time in the literature, we have used simultaneously transmitting and reflecting RIS (STAR‐RIS) in a non‐orthogonal multiple‐access visible light communication system to improve the performance of the system. Achievable rates of the users are derived for two data recovery schemes, single‐user detection (SUD) and successive interference cancellation (SIC). Then, the sum‐rate optimisation problem is formulated for two operating modes of STAR‐RIS, namely energy‐splitting and mode‐switching cases. Moreover, a sequential parametric convex approximation method is used to solve the sum‐rate optimisation problems. The authors have also compared energy‐splitting and mode‐switching cases and showed that these two modes have the same performance. Finally, numerical results for SUD and SIC schemes and two benchmarking schemes, time‐sharing and max‐min fairness, are presented, and spectral‐ and energy‐efficiency, number of STAR‐RIS elements, the position of users, and access point are discussed.
Model-based system engineering, an industrialization path for decommissioning projects by ASSYSTEM
Authors: Lucas-Lamouroux Christine , Vincent Olivier , Roffino Brice , Suchet Pauline , Racape Mihaela
Published: June 2023

Dismantling projects (dismantling of the high activity tanks of the UP1 plant, treatment of residual sodium from the Rapsodie facility, recovery of bitumen drums from the STEL Marcoule casemates, …) are complex because of budgets constraints, no return on investment, and characterized by an environment with great uncertainty (NEA OCDE, The decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear facilities, status, approaches, challenges 2020 [1]). This is particularly true for fuel cycle facilities, which are mainly all first-of-a-kind; but it is also valid for commercial NPP (notably on the budget constraints). The main challenges are to (i) conciliate the cost control & risks of uncertainties due to technical subjects, which is the hard skills of the system, and (ii) manage the interfaces between the product owner, engineering, technology provider, operators, & regulators, which is the soft skills of the system. These projects do not progress as much as everyone would like, with a reluctance to move into execution, stuck into several “rounds” of re-engineering studies leading to additional delays and costs. It is necessary to treat the subject as a complex system. The DEMOLOGIST suite is one answer that we implemented to treat these complex projects as systems by deploying a method based on system engineering management of data while developing adapted digital plug-in software to collect, organize and harmonize the data at every stage (archives, regulators requirements, field operations) to feed the method. This is notably the case on a project aiming at studying the best option to deal with sodium management in France.
Landing gear condition monitoring based on back propagation neural network-based on multi-strategy cooperative optimization
Authors: FENG Yunwen , WANG Rui , LU Tao , CHEN Junyu , LU Cheng
Published: June 2023

To effectively monitor the operation state of landing gear, a back propagation neural network-based on multi-strategy cooperative optimization(MSCO-BPNN) is proposed. The multi-strategy optimization algorithm is composed of chaotic mapping strategy, adaptive spiral capture strategy, crossover mutation strategy and whale optimization algorithm(WOA). WOA is applied to find the optimal hyperparameters of back propagation neural network(BPNN). The search efficiency, multi-local search ability and global search performance of model can be improved by using chaotic mapping strategy, adaptive spiral capture strategy and crossover mutation strategy. The BPNN with optimal hyperparameters is introduced to establish the implicit model of input parameters and output responses. Based on quick access recorder(QAR) data, landing gear left side brake temperature is act as the monitoring objective of this paper. The validity and applicability of MSCO-BPNN are verified by compared with WOA-BPNN, particle swarm optimization BPNN and traditional BPNN. The results show that MSCO-BPNN can monitor the operation status of landing gear with high efficiency and accuracy. The efforts of this paper provide a promising insight for the precise condition monitoring of complex structures.
A combined aerodynamic parameter identification method for missing test data
Authors: LIU Yang , LI Chunna , FANG Yuan , GONG Chunlin
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the problem that some test data cannot be measured or the measurement is difficult, a combined aerodynamic parameters identification method for missing test data is proposed. In this method, the aerodynamic parameter identification problem is modified into an optimization problem. The initial value of the flight state and the aerodynamic parameter interpolation table are used as design variables, and the motion equation of the aircraft including all aerodynamic parameters is used as a model to construct an objective function containing multiple pieces of test data information. In the optimization, the aerodynamic parameter database and the identification results of the existing methods are used as the prior knowledge. The initial value of the unmeasured data is fitted as the reference value. Then, the feasible sample selection method is designed. Finally, the differential evolution algorithm is used to solve the problem. The proposed method is used to process 264 pieces of test data, and the results show that compared with the existing aerodynamic parameter identification methods, the proposed identification method can obtain all aerodynamic parameters with higher accuracy and can inversely calculate and obtain unmeasured flight test data practical engineering significance.