bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of post-operative hypothermia
Authors: Dudhe Akshay S. , Salunke Avinash H. , Salukhe Jyoti A. , Kakade Satish V.
Published: September 2022

The core body temperature less than 36ºC or 96.8ºF at the post operative period, is called hypothermia.  In the postoperative phase, there are various reasons are developing the hypothermia. This may include surgical site infections, blood transfusions during or after surgery, recovery room or Intensive care unit stay etc. this factors may be modifiable through the nursing practice. Objective: objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of post operative hypothermia. Method: a hospital based case-control study was undertaken. All the postoperative patients (N=250) that underwent anaesthesia were included. The body temperature was measured after immediately after surgery at the arrival of recovery room in post operative period. Analysis was done using the software SPSS version 20.00. Results: the incidence of post operative hypothermia immediately at recovery room was 185 (74%) were having hypothermia and 65 (26%) were having no hypothermia. ‘t’ value of Duration of surgery was 0.816 and ‘p’ value was 0.015, ‘t’ value of Duration of anaesthesia was 0.758 and ‘p’ value was 0.007, ‘t’ value of Post operative room temperature was -2.489 and ‘p’ value was 0.00, Chi-square value of Magnitude of procedure was 32.674 and ‘p’ value was 0.01.
The effect of performance expectancy and behavioral intention on the use of electronic medical record (EMR) in tertier hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Faida Eka Wilda , Supriyanto Stefanus , Haksama Setya , Suryaningtyas Wihasto , Astuti Widi , Nudji Bambang , Hasina Siti Nur
Published: September 2022

Health and well-being are the third Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. To accomplish this, Soetomo hospital as the largest referral hospital in the province of East Java is expected to have an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) completeness level of 100 percent by 2024. This study aimed to examine the impact of performance expectation and behavioral intention on hospital EMR technology usage. This was an observational study with a cross sectional research design. From a population of 390 health workers, a sample of 195 was generated using proportional random sampling. Validity and reliability can be determined using SPSS software. Utilizing SEM PLS software, the analysis is evaluated. Results indicate that performance expectation can have a direct effect on technology use EMR (T Statistic = 21,506) and an indirect effect via behavioral intention (T Statistic = 15,038). The relationship between behavioral intention and technology use EMR is direct (T statistic = 5,475). Conclusion: Performance expectations explain 52% of behavioral intention, while behavioral intentions explain 85% of technology use EMR.
EFFECTS OF ACUTE TIME-LIMITED STRESSORS ON IMMUNE MODULATION
Authors: Sobhani Mahbub-E , Haque N. , Islam A.T.M.K. , Ahmed A. , Salma U. , Haque A.K.M.F. , Mukti I.J.
Published: September 2022

Psychoneuroimmunology is the science that links psychological processes and the immune system. Many studies showed that psychological stress has immune modulatory activity. This article describes a typical psycho-neuro-endocrino-immune network in response to acute stress. Finally, it has been shown that acute time limited stressors have immune stimulatory activities which are unnecessary and harmful to one’s homeostasis.
WORDSWORTH’S TREATMENT OF WOMEN IN HIS POETRY
Authors: Munna Z. A. , Rahman A. R. M. Mostafizar
Published: September 2022

Women in the poetry of Wordsworth have always been the centre of interest. It cannot be denied that he was very much influenced by contemporary status of women in society. Women in his personal life, also, had a role to play. But, how did he depict women in his poetry? The objective of this paper is thus to explore the treatment of women in the poetry of Wordsworth. The findings reveal that in Wordsworth’s poetry, women are important but they are never dominating. He maintained this strange balance in his poetry. Although female figures, in Wordsworth, manifest suffering, isolation and alienation, they never fail to occupy the central position. Besides, readers cannot but sympathize and fall in love with these women. Although Wordsworth was not a feminist in the strict sense of the term; his way of paying tribute to women, in a patriarchal social construct, is exemplary
ELECTRON IRRADIATED EFFECT IN POLYURETHANES STUDIED BY POSITRON ANNIHILATION LIFETIME SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Nahid Farzana
Published: September 2022

The intensity variation of positronium as a result of electron irradiation has been studied on polyurethanes (PU) using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The PALS measurement was carried out at room temperature with a conventional fast-fast coincidence system. The lifetime spectra were analyzed into four components using melt program to extract the positron parameters such as lifetime and intensity. Due to irradiation a decrease of intensity about 2.7% was observed up to 10kGy. Free volume radius has been calculated for electron irradiated PU. PALS measurement has also been performed to study the effect of temperature variation in the range 30K to 310K. Analysis by melt program on the spectra shows that the fourth lifetime component increases significantly above glass transition temperature.
POVERTY SITUATION OF THE FARMERS IN THE SOUTHERN RURAL AREAS OF BANGLADESH: A CASE STUDY ON BARUIPARA, BAGERHAT
Authors: Ara Mosammat Rowshan
Published: September 2022

The present study aims at assessing the poverty situation of the rural farmers and its extent in a particular area of a southern district of Bagerhat, Bangladesh. The poverty situation had been analyzed by using the facts of income and living standard considering the conditions of clothing, housing, education, occupation, availability of food, and medical facilities. Relevant data were collected from 50 households (from the total of 300) involved in crop and non- crop cultivation. The households, estimated monthly income of Tk. 2754 (referred to as "1$ a day") was considered as extremely poor and Tk. 5508 (referred to as"2 $ a day") as moderately poor. In the study area 24 percent households were found to be extremely poor and 40 percent were moderately poor. The pattern of income and expenditure of the households concerned revealed the facts that about 34 percent were poor in clothing, about 28 percent were illiterate, whereas 48 percent were in want of food. Regarding housing, 26 per cent houses were match box type house, and about 62 percent could afford to avid of the indigenous medical facilities, 46 percent could go to public clinic during illness. The extent of poverty had been tried to be studied by drawing a poverty line using the cost of basic needs. Therefore, the poverty situation requires a comprehensive strategy in order to maintain sustainable resources as a means to reduce the existing condition of poverty.
NUTRIENTS (N, P AND K) DYNAMICS ASSOCIATED WITH LEAF LITTER OF Albizia saman AND Leucaena leucocephala OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Hossain Mahmood , Rahman Md. Mozahidur , Shamim Masud Hasan , Siddique Mohammad Raqibul Hasan , Saha Sanjoy , Hossain Md. Zaber , Kibria Mirza Asadul
Published: September 2022

Albizia saman and Leucaena leucocephala are not native to Bangladesh, but they are widely planted in agroforestry and households for their commercial value. Selection of tree species with efficient return of nutrients is a vital challenge to maintain soil fertility for sustainable crop production. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted on nutrients (N, P and K) leaching from leaf litter of A. saman and L. leucocephala in laboratory condition. The initial dry weight of leaf litter of A. saman and L. leucocephala were significantly (p<0.05) decreased to 17% and 26%, respectively at the end (after 96 hours) of the experiment. Leucaena leucocephala showed comparatively (t-test, p<0.05) higher rate of weight loss, conductivity and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) of leaching water. Comparatively, higher amount of N and K was released from leaf litter of A. saman and higher amount of P from leaf litter of L. leucocephala. Both the species showed similar pattern (K>N>P) of nutrient release during the leaching process and nutrients (N, P and K) concentration in leaf litter of these species showed significant (p<0.05) negative curvilinear relationships with the weight loss.
RURAL-URBAN DIFFERENTIALS OF GENDER INEQUALITY AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AMONG MARRIED WOMEN IN SOUTHWESTERN BANGLADESH
Authors: Roy Tuhin , Mallick Subrata Kumar , Hassan Md. Kamrul
Published: September 2022

The present study aims at determining the effect of gender inequality on the reproductive health of married women in two villages within the district of Satkhira and two municipal wards of Khulna City Corporation in Bangladesh. The study was conducted on married women by using questionnaire technique, case study and observation methods. Data were collected by the interviewers from October 2007 to January 2008. The relationships between gender inequalities and reproductive health were analyzed, focusing on some specific factors that affect the extent of reproductive health problems among the married women in both urban and rural areas. The findings of this study suggest the fact that the majority of the women in study area are not only aware about the concept of gender inequality but also their ignorant about their own sexual and reproductive rights, and as such they have very limited control over their own physical bodies. Because traditional beliefs have kept them under the shadow of their fathers and husbands and due to the effect of gender inequality they are deprived of getting basic reproductive health rights. The overall objective of this study was to identify the relationship between gender inequalities and reproductive health and to seek a modest attempt to find out the factors that affect the state of reproductive health of married women in both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh.
INFLUENCE OF WORKPLACE ON RESIDENTIAL LOCATION CHOICE: A STUDY ON NIRALA AND SONADANGA RESIDENTIAL AREAS OF KHULNA CITY, BANGLADESH
Authors: Salauddin Md. , Dev Papon Kumar , Alam Md. Ashraful
Published: September 2022

The choice of residence of households generally involves trade-offs among several factors which offer the household the highest possible utility. This paper tried to explore the interaction between workplaces and residential locations in terms of flows on different workplaces, shortest possible routes to workplaces, travel costs, frequent travel modes, vehicle ownerships of the residents and impedance factors to reside the desired residential areas. Two residential areas have been selected and stratified random sampling technique was adopted to conduct household survey. It was observed that people preferred to stay near to workplace (1-3 km) whereas the distance can be more who has private vehicles. About 38% people choose their residence near to children’s school. Flow of people is proportionate to distance. Employment center closer to CBD receives higher flow. Regarding residential location choice, five dominant factors have been identified by principal component analysis. The paper concluded with the fact that services and amenities are distributed unevenly and thus decreases the choice to live.
POETICS OF EXILE: VOICES FROM THE INDIAN DIASPORA
Authors: Sinha Samira , Ali D Md. Maher
Published: September 2022

Diasporic literature relates to its homeland through the dialectics of longing and belonging: of the feeling of being uprooted and marginalized. This predicament of all diaspora, who find themselves in a racist, alienating and strange environment, pleads to belong to a more receptive, friendly and equitable land of resettlement. People of Indian Origin, living in over seventy countries, 1 have contributed immensely in making the world as we see it today. They have not only survived, but prospered and constitute “an important force in the world culture”. V.S. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie and Amitav Ghosh, to mention a few, are some major voices of the Indian diaspora.
TEACHING PRONUNCIATION: A STUDY ON THE SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KHULNA, BANGLADESH
Authors: Kabir Md. Shahjahan , Ahsan Mohsina , Akter Sanjida
Published: September 2022

Pronunciation is an integrated and integral part of second or foreign language learning since it directly affects learners’ communicative competence as well as performance. Notwithstanding, the teaching of EFL/ESL pronunciation is still peripheral and neglected in the syllabus and classroom, especially in Khulna district in Bangladesh. It is a matter of regret that most of the school-level learners in our country are not taught English pronunciation and, hence, it is overlooked. The reasons are not far to seek. A good number of teachers in our country are not aware of the significance of teaching pronunciation and its impact on effective communication. Khulna is an industrial town, yet it is lagging behind in learning English. Although there are some government and non-government high schools here, no developed teaching and testing system of English Language is used in this region. Here the teachers follow century-old traditional testing system for writing and reading English. As for listening and speaking, there is no form of testing that can aid effective pronunciation teaching in secondary schools. Therefore, teaching pronunciation is highly ignored in this area. This paper reviews the notion of pronunciation teaching and gives a theoretical background for developing pronunciation teaching. It empirically studies the learners’ and teachers’ attitudes to the significance of accurate pronunciation teaching in English. Additionally, it reflects on their preferences and beliefs about pronunciation teaching. Finally, it provides some recommendations for effective remedial measures and feedback techniques for developing pronunciation teaching and learning in the light of the theoretical and empirical findings of the research.
MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION AND LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP OF THREATENED NONDI BALE Paragobiodon echinocephalus (Rüppell, 1830)
Authors: Islam Shikder Saiful , Ashrafi Sadia , Shah Md. Saifuddin , Sumon Mohammad Saifuddin , Ali Md. Rayhan
Published: September 2022

The study describes the length-weight relationship, length-length relationship, condition factor and hepato-somatic index of Paragobiodon echinocephalus. Forty samples were collected from Mongla at Bagerhat, Bangladesh. Total length, standard length, body weight and liver weight were measured by standard units. The body weight showed a positively correlation with total length and standard length with the regression equation of BW = 2.05TL-9.35 (r2 = 0. 89) and BW = 2.30SL -8.55 (r2= 0.85) respectively. Total length and standard length were found highly correlated with the regression equation of SL = 1.11TL + 0.48 (r2 = 0.93). A weak positive correlation was observed between body weight and liver weight with the r2 value of 0.15. Hepato-somatic index showed very weak correlation with condition factor (r2= 0.01), indicating that the species is in an endangered condition. The b values indicated negative allometric growth pattern which ranged from 2.05 to 2.30 (b<3) for body weight with total length, standard length and hepato-somatic index & condition factor relationship. Whereas, positive allometric growth was observed in case of liver weight and body weight relationship (b= 12.41). This study suggests that necessary steps need to be taken for the improvement of physiological and ecological conditions for higher growth and better survival of P. echinocephalus.
THE RIFT BETWEEN FEMALE EXPECTATIONS AND MALE IDEALS IN HENRIK IBSEN’S WHEN WE DEAD AWAKEN
Authors: Yeasmin Farhana
Published: September 2022

In Henrik Ibsen’s When We Dead Awaken, Arnold Rubek exploits two females, Maja and Irene, for accomplishing fame and fortune. He strives to achieve his masculine ideals at the cost of their feminine expectations. He chooses Irene as his muse who performs her given role being aware that she must accept her servicing identity in a patriarchal society. She forces her to imitate the woman of his artistic mission. The other female, Maja wants to become his ideal wife, performing everything to fulfill his wishes. Realizing that her husband wants to discard their marital bond she leaves him, and finds another male for her. In this play gender inequality and mechanism of power lie at the core of the male-female relation. The unequal male-female relation gives birth to a perpetual rift in the society. This paper intends to present the rift between female expectations and male ideals in Henrik Ibsen’s When We Dead Awaken. It also seeks to explore how female expectations are shaped, modified, and even transformed by male ideals, and how females accept their instrumentality under the constant surveillance of male standards. It will apply Michel Foucault’s theorization of Jeremy Bentham’s idea of panopticon to explain the disciplinary mechanism of patriarchal society which practices power on females, and strategically make them account for the torment and oppression they undergo in the hegemonized society.
TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE SUPPOSED HYBRIDS OF INDIAN MAJOR CARPS AND CHINESE CARPS IN THE LOCAL MARKETS OF KHULNA, JESSORE AND SATKHIRA DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Authors: Sultana Shamima , Shah Md. Saifuddin , Ghosh Alokesh Kumar , Bir Joyanta
Published: September 2022

The present study deciphers the extent of the activity of heterospecific mixing of gametes and production of hybrids that are available as food fishes in the markets of Khulna, Jessore and Satkhira districts during March to July, 2009. The taxonomic characters of two putative hybrids from 150 samples namely Catla catla × Labeo rohita and Labeo rohita × Labeo calbasu were studied and compared with their original species and significant differences were found in most of the meristic characters and morphometric proportionsat 5% level of significance. The two hybrids were not found to be intermediate between their original species for most of the characters. Catla catla × Labeo rohita deflected more toward catla; while Labeo rohita × Labeo calbasu toward calbasu, however, the hybrid does not have barbel as with calbasu. The results of the study revealed a grave situation of fishes’ gene pool mixing in the hatcheries.
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON RANGPUR CITY CORPORATION
Authors: Kabir Md. Ripul , Islam Shammy , Chandra Dipika
Published: September 2022

The main aim of this study was to assess the socioeconomic status of elderly people of Rangpur City Corporation. The study conducted a survey and used random sampling technique to collect primary data from the purposively selected three wards (no-23, 24 & 25) of Rangpur City Corporation. The immense sources of financial support for the elderly people in this study stood on sons’ ground. More than half of the elderly people were treated carefully during their illness even they were found in good health condition. A large number of aged people experienced discrepancy in taking decisions in the family atmosphere. It is evident from the study that the family members came closer to them based on age and educational attainment when they faced any kind of problem. A positive relationship between elderly peoples’ occupation and their sufferings from various diseases (p<0.000) was found in this research. A concern from the corner of humanity regarding the socioeconomic and health issues of the elderly should be followed at the household level.
DIURETIC AND LAXATIVE ACTIVITIES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS AND PODS IN MICE
Authors: Islam Md. Nazmul , Hossen Md. Kawsar , Joardar Jagadish Chandra , Bokshi Bishwajit , Das Asish Kumar , Sadhu Samir Kumar , Biswas Nripendra Nath
Published: September 2022

Moringa oleifera (Family- Moringaceae) is a well-known vegetable for its health benefits for thousands of years having diverse nutritional bioactive constituents. Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of this plant indicated the presence of carbohydrate, reducing sugar, combined reducing sugar, glycosides, tannins (absent in seeds), alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. In diuretic activity test, the extract showed a significant (p<0.001) effect at the dose of 200 & 400 mg/kg body weight in production of total urine volume in comparison with standard drug furosemide (5 mg/kg). Upon electrolyte analysis of excreted urine, the extract was found to increase Na+, K+, Clexcretion and may act as loop diuretics. The pods and seeds extract showed significant (p<0.01) laxative effects in mice in terms of stool production with soft consistency at the dose of 200 & 400 mg/kg in comparison with standard drug bisacodyl (10 mg/kg). The most edible part of this plant is pods which showed better diuretic and laxative effects than seeds. So, the pods may be a good source of bioactive constituents which may be used as parent compound(s) for discovering better diuretic or laxative drugs.
Research on The Innovation of Financing Model Under the Digital Transformation of Catering Micro and Small Enterprises
Authors: Fang Fang , Tang Shijia
Published: September 2022

Catering micro and small enterprises have been disadvantaged in financing, with narrow financing channels and high financing costs. With the arrival of digital economy, various innovative financing models such as big data credit, supply chain finance and tax-for-loan have emerged. According to the stage of digital transformation they are in, catering micro and small enterprises should choose these innovative financing models in a timely manner to solve their financing difficulties and expensive financing problems.
Il caso del Teatro Sociale di Sondrio per la fisionomia del pubblico teatrale otto-novecentesco
Authors: Della Ferrera Giacomo
Published: September 2022

Il Teatro Sociale di Sondrio, inaugurato nel 1824, rappresenta tra XIX e XX secolo il più importante centro teatrale dell’intera Valtellina. Considerando anche l’importanza che riveste nella storia locale, il teatro sondriese può essere preso come esempio attraverso cui riconoscere, da un punto di vista particolare, le evoluzioni a cui va incontro la drammaturgia italiana a cavallo dei due secoli. Lo studio dei manifesti conservati negli archivi e lo spoglio dei periodici locali hanno permesso di analizzare le modalità e le tempistiche con cui venivano allestiti gli spettacoli e l’accoglienza di questi da parte del pubblico e della critica di Sondrio: su queste basi, il seguente studio cerca di offrire una fisionomia del pubblico teatrale otto-novecentesco, un pubblico provinciale, lontano da quello delle grandi città ma che, come si vuole dimostrare, condivide con quest’ultimo gli stessi gusti: dalla ricerca della novità alla passione per i drammi sentimentali, dalla pièce bien faite alla nuova drammaturgia borghese.
«Inglesizzare» Dante: tre traduzioni recenti dell'Inferno da parte dei poeti americani
Authors: Loreto Paola
Published: September 2022

Il saggio mette a confronto tre fra le traduzioni più importanti della Commedia curate da poeti americani negli anni 2000, prendendo in analisi le loro strategie e tecniche traduttive e i conseguenti risultati estetici. La base del confronto sono le intenzioni traduttive dichiarate dai poeti-traduttori, il modo in cui hanno cercato di porle in pratica, e l’interpretazione dei loro risultati alla luce della teoria dei translation studies recente. Le idee di Lawrence Venuti sulle «versioni dei poeti» e su come leggere una traduzione, specialmente in un contesto di world literature, sono risultate particolarmente utili nel caso dei tentativi di questi poeti-traduttori di riscrivere un testo poetico autonomo, e di trasportare la complessità della poesia di Dante, potentemente padroneggiata, attraverso due tradizioni letterarie diverse.
Bestiario, una rubrica
Authors: Linder Erich
Published: September 2022

Introduzione alla rubrica curata da Erich Linder (Università di Vienna).
Niente di meno che il Tutto
Authors: Colombo Raffaella
Published: September 2022

Ripercorrendo in particolare il serrato confronto critico di Mario Mieli con la teoria freudiana e l’ambivalente rapporto con essa intrattenuta, questo articolo vuole indagare l’orizzonte non soltanto teorico-pratico ma, a parere di chi scrive, più propriamente “mistico” in cui dovrebbero essere inscritte l’esperienza intellettuale e umana e la militanza di Mieli. Un’esperienza e una militanza dichiaratamente e fedelmente rivoluzionarie - con Freud e Marx come maestri da criticare e, infine, sostanzialmente superare - che possono essere tuttavia comprese, nella loro radicalità, solo se intrecciate con la tensione “mistico-folle” che muoveva l’autore di Elementi di critica omosessuale.
The Legislative Power
Authors: Köbel Szilvia
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, we present the legislative branches of eight countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia and Hungary) through the following subjects: a) legislative bodies and sources of parliamentary law (laws regulating the function of the parliament, bylaws etc.); b)the authorities of parliaments; c) the officeholders of parliaments, the house president, and committees of parliaments; d)parliamentary groups; e) the legal status of officeholders (rights of the MPs, conflict of interest, immunity). The structure of the study follows the order of the above-mentioned subjects and treats them as subchapters. At the beginning of each subchapter is a short explanation of the subject, highlighting in broad terms what it wishes to showcase. The study focuses on the legislative branches of governments as the main goal of the study is to observe their legislative ecosystem and organs, powers and members.
De strijd tegen de geest van de moderniteit
Authors: Terpstra Marin
Published: September 2022

According to Samuel Huntington, conservatism is the opposite of radicalism. In this article, I try to review this claim by analysing three main (neo)conservative thinkers: Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss and Irving Kristol. I show that not only (neo)conservatism is infected by its opposite, in becoming the more or less radical adversary of radicalism, but it is the awareness of the radicality of the formation of social and political order itself – the consciousness of the very roots or foundations of order. In this respect, (neo)conservatism and what is commonly called radicalism, are both the anti-modern companions of modernity. In the vocabulary of Avishai Margalit, (neo)conservatism and radicalism both stick to a ‘religious’ self-understanding of politics, in contrast to a modern, secularized, and pragmatic ‘economic’ self-understanding of politics.
Nieuwe spirituelen: wel netwerken, maar steeds minder religie
Authors: Jespers Frans
Published: September 2022

An analysis of the numerous contemporary, ‘new’ spiritual practices in the Netherlands through the approach of comparative religion and anthropology of religion reveals several categories from very religious up to quite secular ones. The religious-like groups have church-like organizations, the secular ones look more like commercial enterprises. In both contexts spirituality means striving for a kind of psychological fulfillment in relation to an ultimate reality, often with the help of religious means. More scientific research is needed in order to distinguish adequately positive, liberating forms of new spirituality from harmful ones.
Nieuwe kerkvorming als kwantitatieve groeistrategie
Authors: Vos Alrik , Paas Stefan
Published: September 2022

This article reflects on the thesis that new church formation (church planting) is “the most effective evangelistic strategy under heaven” (Peter Wagner). This thesis has achieved the status of doctrine among Evangelical Protestants. It has also found wide acceptance within many Dutch Protestant denominations, in particular the ones with an evangelical mind-set. It is widely believed that church planting is a major strategy for quantitative church growth, by attracting people without a Christian background (‘conversion growth’). These assumptions seem to be closely related to Religious Market Theory. Obviously, any proven strategy for quantitative church growth is highly relevant for the secular context of Western Europe. This article investigates whether these assumptions, of a strategy that originated in America, are justified with respect to the Dutch context. Research is presented, that was recently done in the Netherlands. Its results indicate that churches less than ten years old are, under certain conditions, more effective in reaching outsiders than older churches. Some explanations for this relative success are discussed. It appears that the three main factors for numerical success are: a demographically convenient location, entrepreneurial leadership in line with the ethos of the community, and a concentrated use of time, money and resources.
Kritisch én trouw
Authors: Zondag Hessel J. , Van Uden Marinus H.F.
Published: September 2022

This contribution deals with the question of commitment to the Roman Catholic Church after the crisis on sexual abuse. This question is answered through a survey among 131 Roman Catholics. Several aspects of commitment can be distinguished: being shocked by the abuse, accusations of laxness and carelessness of the Church, trust in the media, losing faith in the Catholic Church, doubting faith, and distancing from the Church. Our results prove that the respondents are critical on the one side and loyal on the other. A model in four stages for the loss of commitment is described: 1. finding out about the abuse; 2. criticism of the church; 3. losing faith, and 4. erosion of commitment. For women and those who know of victims of abuse this erosion of commitment occurs more frequently. For respondents with a theological background there is relatively less loss of commitment.
De zingeving van Henri Matisse
Authors: Ter Borg Meerten
Published: September 2022

People are constantly communicating their definition of reality, in face-to-face interactions as well as in indirect forms of communication such as art. This also holds for the ultimate meaning of life, death and suffering. Several works of Henri Matisse, notably in the chapel at Vence, shed light on aspects of this process of sense giving. Grounded in everyday life his art rises to the realm of ultimate meaning, giving the artist a means of transcending his own suffering.
BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERINGKAT OBLIGASI PERUSAHAAN NON-KEUANGAN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2020
Authors: Situmorang Paulina Octavia , Silalahi Donalson
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of several factors that affect the ratings of non-financial company bonds that have gone public on the Indonesian stock exchange. To achieve this purpose, a study was conducted with a research period of 2017 – 2020 and used purposive sampling as a sampling method and the data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that partially the current ratio had no significant effect on bond ratings, the ratio of debt to equity had a negative and significant effect on bond ratings, and the ratio of net income to total assets had a positive and significant effect on bond ratings. The ability of the three ratios in explaining bond ratings is 51.3 percent.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT.PERKASA INTERNUSA MANDIRI MEDAN
Authors: Sembiring Fransiska , Sitanggang Darna
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, career development and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT. Perkasa Internusa Mandiri Medan. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 67 respondents. From the results of the study obtained multiple regression equations as follows: Y = 2,919+ 0,322X1 + 0,396X2+ 0,445X3 + . All regression coefficients are positive, meaning that all independent variables, namely leadership style, career development and job satisfaction, have a positive effect on the dependent variable, namely employee performance. Of the three independent variables, job satisfaction has a greater influence on employee performance because it has the largest regression coefficient of 0.445. Based on partial hypothesis testing, leadership style, career development and job satisfaction have a significant effect on employee performance where the significance value of each variable is smaller than alpha (0.05). Based on simultaneous hypothesis testing, the three independent variables, namely leadership style, career development and job satisfaction have a significant effect on the dependent variable, namely employee performance. This can be seen from the significance value of 0.000 < alpha (0.05). The coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.766 means that employee performance can be explained by leadership style, career development and job satisfaction of 76.6% while the remaining 23.4% is explained by other variables not explained in this study such as motivation, communication and competence.

From the results of research and discussion, PT. Perkasa Internusa Mandiri Medan should develop and maintain indicators of leadership style, career development and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT. Perkasa Internusa Mandiri Medan.
ANALISIS MINAT DAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MELALUI HARGA, KUALITAS DAN INOVASI
Authors: Saputro Samuel Henry , Widyastuti Maria
Published: September 2022

The development of communication technology causes smartphones to dominate the market, especially Chinese smartphone products. The number of Chinese products in the market is due to cheap and affordable prices, but not accompanied by good quality so that the Indonesian people already have their own views on Chinese products. However, Xiaomi as one of the mobile phone manufacturers from China in fact managed to become one of the kings of the smartphone market in Indonesia, this is because the price is affordable. This study aims to analyze interest and purchase decisions through price, quality and innovation. The results of data processing proved that all statement items were valid and all variables were reliable. The results showed that interest and purchasing decisions for Xiaomi smartphones in East Surabaya through price, quality and innovation were said to be moderate. Subsequent results show consumer interest and purchase decisions due to price and product quality, while innovation is not the cause of interest and purchase decisions for Xiaomi smartphones in East Surabaya, but purchasing decisions are due to price and product quality through interest first
PENGARUH KUALITAS JASA TERHADAP KEPUASAN ANGGOTA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM KARYA MURNI MEDAN
Authors: Saragih Nawary
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of quality on the satisfaction of members of the Karya Murni Savings and Loans Cooperative Medan. The type of research used is descriptive and quantitative. The research sample was 96 respondents with the maximum sampling error sampling method from the population carried out randomly. The required data was collected through a questionnaire. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the trend of the number of cooperative members, the remaining operating results and the total assets of the cooperative decreased, this happened because of the dissatisfaction of the members in terms of the loan interest rates offered were higher than other savings and loan cooperatives, the length of time span between the application and loan disbursement ( checking files, guarantees, checking guarantees) while the need for funds is urgent, there are many administrative costs (fee to become a member, notary deed fees, fees if members borrow, loan administration fees and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that makes members' businesses stand still and unable to do so). paying dues obligations and loan installments this makes members leave the cooperative.

Based on the F-test, with a significant level of 0.000 F-table which is 2.58, meaning that service quality simultaneously has a positive and significant effect on member satisfaction. The results of the t-test, that the tangibles variable, has a positive effect on the satisfaction of the members of the cooperative, but it is not significant on the satisfaction of the members of the cooperative. While empathy has a negative effect on the satisfaction of the members of the cooperative, but it is significant on the satisfaction of the members of the cooperative. Seeing the weakness of the t-test of the tangible and empathy variables, it is suggested that the management of the cooperative needs to review it by providing a uniqueness that is different from other competitors so that members can enjoy the results that are felt to exceed expectations, so that members will be very satisfied and remain loyal to the services offered. by members of the Karya Murni Savings and Loans Cooperative Medan
IMPLIKASI EKONOMI ULOS HOLONG BAGI PENGANTIN BATAK TOBA: PENDEKATAN UTILITAS DAN BIAYA OPORTUNIS
Authors: Purba Elvis Fresly , Lastri Lastri
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to describe the tradition of ulos holong, that the offering of ulos for bride/groom in every Toba Batak wedding ceremony in Medan, creates an economic impact on the bridegroom. The research was carried out in three sub-districts in two stages of time, that is September 2019 – February 2020 (before the Covid-19 pandemic) and September 2020 to February 2021 (during the Covid-19 pandemic). The sampling method was carried out by accidental sampling by selecting 30 families at each stage of the study. The results showed that all respondents sold most of the received ulos because the utility or use value of the ulos for bride and grooms was very limited. This is a practical and rational choice because the proceeds from the sale (cash) are more useful than ulos, especially in the short term. Meanwhile, implementing ulos tinonun sadari can also be a more practical and economical option as a substitute for ulos holong. However, because ulos holong is still maintained, so that from opportunity cost approach, this tradition has still an economic impact on the bride and groom. The value is the difference between the value of the ulos tinonun sadari which should be received by the bride/grooms from the proceeds of the sale of ulos holong. So, by maintaining the ulos holong tradition, the bride and grooms “lose income” several million rupiah for each traditional wedding ceremony. The value is greater before the pandemic period than during the pandemic.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA DENGAN PENDEKATAN THEORY PLANNED OF BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Sitompul Pandapotan , Silalahi Esli , Ritonga Sinar
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze what are the dominant factors that influence student interest in entrepreneurship. The population of this research is all students of the management study program of the Faculty of Economics, Santo Thomas Catholic University who have taken entrepreneurship courses. The sample is 100 students, the method of collecting data is through questionnaires and documentation, the variables studied are about the factors that influence student interest in entrepreneurship, analysis techniques with factor analysis. The results show that, of the 20 factors that influence student interest in entrepreneurship, the most dominant are: The first factor consists of: Leadership, Friends support which is considered important, Friends support, Realistic thinking, Family support and high commitment, Second factor consists of : Have a confident attitude, Foresight, Support business partners, Creative Innovative, Cooperate with business partners and Have experience. The third factor consists of: being disciplined, encouraging parents and being interested in business opportunities. The fourth factor consists of: Courage to face risks. The fifth factor consists of: reliable expertise, perceived ease and careful planning. The sixth factor consists of: Independence.          It is better for students during the lecture process to innovate to do a simple type of business as an entrepreneurship learning material. Parents support and motivate their children to become entrepreneurs, because parents have a very strong role in forming entrepreneurial interests. There needs to be an improvement for the campus in providing understanding and training to students so that their entrepreneurial interest is increasingly formed so that after completing their studies their entrepreneurial spirit will be awakened.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. SINAR BINTANG MANDIRI MEDAN
Authors: Silalahi Magdalena , Sitanggang Darna , Sihombing Sarimonang
Published: September 2022

PT Sinar Bintang Mandiri is a company engaged in the procurement of goods, and mechanical and electrical services serving medium and large companies, both private and government. This study discusses improving employee performance which is influenced by various factors. Factors that affect performance are stress level, compensation system, job design, effectiveness and efficiency, initiative, ability and expertise, knowledge, personality, work motivation, job satisfaction, work environment, leadership style, organizational culture, commitment, and work discipline.  The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect employee performance at PT. Sinar Bintang Mandiri Medan. The population in this study were employees of PT. Sinar Bintang Mandiri Medan, which is in the field of providing services for technicians and mechanical helpers, totaling 75 people. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires. The sample used in this study were all employees of PT. Sinar Bintang Mandiri Medan for technicians and mechanical helpers. The analysis technique used is factor analysis. The analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 22 program. From the 15 variables formed 5 factors that affect the performance of employees at PT. Sinar Bintang Mandiri Medan. The results of this study indicate that the dominant factor affecting the performance of employees at PT. Sinar Bintang Mandiri Medan is a job design factor that has a correlation value of 0.768, the ability and expertise factor has a correlation value of (0.816), the personality factor has a correlation value (0.821), job satisfaction has a correlation value (0.805), organizational culture has a correlation value (0.816).
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CAMPURAN PUPUK ORGANIK FESES TERNAK SAPIN PADA USAHA TANI TOMAT (Lycopersicum Esculentum Mill. L.) TERHADAP EKONOMI PETANI
Authors: Nainggolan Mai Fernando , Saragi Cyprianus P.H
Published: September 2022

The first objective of this study is to analyze the costs, income and production of tomato farming using mixed organic fertilizers, for the second purpose, namely to analyze the factors that affect tomato farming using mixed organic fertilizers in Urung Purba Village, Purba District, Simalungun Regency). This research was conducted using the census method on 45 tomato farmers using organic mixed cow feces and single non-organic fertilizer. Data collection is done by interview, observation and documentation. Sources of data taken include primary data in the form of land area data, number of workers, labor wages, number of seeds, seed prices, amount of fertilizer used, fertilizer prices, tomato production/planting season period, selling prices of tomatoes, production costs, income as well as regarding the general condition of tomato farmers, and secondary data obtained from agencies related to this research such as the Office of Agriculture/Livestock in Urung Purba Village, Purba District, Simalungun Regency). Data analysis used the two-average difference test with two unpaired sample t-test techniques and cobb doubleglass production function analysis. The results of the analysis show that the cost of tomato farming using mixed organic fertilizers is Rp. 32,936,915 lower than the cost of tomato farming using a single non-organic fertilizer, which is Rp. 38,659,431 (real at 0.023), the income of tomato farming using fertilizers Mixed organic fertilizer was Rp.43,653,085, which was higher than tomato farming using a single non-organic fertilizer, which was Rp.34,938.069 (significantly at 0.002). The yield of tomato using mixed organic fertilizer was 30,636 kg higher than that of tomato farming using a single non-organic fertilizer, which was 29,439 kg (significantly at 0.030). The results of the analysis of the production function of cobb doubles mixed fertilizer show that the variable amount of organic fertilizer, the amount of non-organic fertilizer, the number of workers, the number of seeds and the amount of medicine have a significant effect on production with a probability of 0.005, as well as the analysis of the production function of a single non-organic fertilizer, showing the amount of fertilizer. non-organic, the number of workers, the number of seeds and the amount of medicine have a significant effect on production with a probability of 0.007.
PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN JASA TERHADAP KEPUASAN WISATAWAN BERKUNJUNG KE TAMAN BUNGA SAPO JUMA TONGGING KARO
Authors: Girsang Meyga Kristina , Sianipar Gloria J.M , Simanjuntak Agus Nakkok
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the service marketing mix on tourist satisfaction at yhe Sapo Juma Flower Garden. Tongging Karo. The number of the samples of this study were 100 respondents. The results of the t test show that : (1) the product has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction, (2) the price has a negative effect on tourist satisfaction, (3) the place has a positive but not significant effect on tourist satisfaction, (4) the promotion has a positive but not significant effect on tourist satisfaction, (5) the people has a positive but not significant effect on tourist satisfaction, (6) the process has a negative effect on tourist satisfaction, (7) the phisical evidence has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction. The result of the F test shows that the marketing mix together has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction. The result of the coefficient determination or R square shows that the variable product, price, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence can explain tourist satisfaction of 0.784 or 78.4% while the remaining of 0.216 or 21.6% is explained by other variables not examined.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DISIPLIN DAN PELATIHAN TEKNIS TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI TEKNIS DI DINAS ENERGI DAN SUMBER DAYA MINERAL PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Panaitan Ferry , Pasaribu Johnson , Bangun Janpianta
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine the effect of the work environment, discipline and technical training on the performance of technical employees at the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. The research method in this study used descriptive analysis methods and verification analysis. The population in this study were all employees working at the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province, amounting to 89 people. Of the 89 respondents who were sent a list of questions through the Whatapps application in the form of google form, only 70 respondents filled out the complete list of questions. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that: (1) Partially the variables of work environment, work discipline, training and job satisfaction had a positive and significant effect on the performance of the employees of the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province; (2) Work environment and work discipline have no significant effect on performance through job satisfaction of employees of the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province, and (3) Simultaneously the variables of work environment, work discipline, training and job satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on performance of employees of the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province