bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological changes of Vietnamese farmers in the context of implementing market economy
Authors: Vu Dung , Tran Minh Tuan
Published: June 2020

Farmer psychology has been formed in line with the historical periods of Vietnamese society. This has exerted a great influence on the production and daily activities of farmers. This study aims to identify the psychological changes of Vietnamese farmers in the context of Vietnam’s implementing market mechanisms on three aspects: Farmers’ perceptions, emotions and behaviors. Our research results show that the majority of farmers in the survey have shown a change in awareness. They recognize the need to produce products that are marketed instead of consumed as before. Farmers today are no longer intimately attached to their fields and hometown as in the past. They are willing to do other jobs and go to other places with better incomes. Their behavior has shifted from subsistence production to commercial production
Application of renewable and alternative sources of energy in agricultural construction projects
Authors: Diakonova Sophia , Shevchenko Lyudmila , Sharapova Elena
Published: June 2020

The paper clarifies the concepts of “renewable” and “alternative” energy, classifies alternative energy sources, summarizes their preference over traditional energy sources. The paper considers the issue of using wind power and solar energy as the most acceptable alternative energy sources for the construction of agricultural facilities. A detailed analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the wind and solar installations applying was carried out.
Fire protection systems using clay-gypsum plaster in agriculture
Authors: Asamatdinov Marat , Zhukov Аlexey , Medvedev Andrey , Mukhametzyanov Vitaly
Published: June 2020

The article substantiates using a modified binder based on clay-gypsum as the main component of dispersed reinforced and plasters mixtures. The rheological properties of such mixtures and the performance characteristics of plaster coatings have been studied. It is proved that the use of clay-gypsum as part of a modified dispersed reinforced binder contributes to the creation of favorable environmental conditions and the formation of a comfortable climate inside the agricultural premises, as well as increases the degree of protection of structures in fire conditions. It is established that the technological properties of dispersed reinforced plaster mixtures depend primarily on the composition of the modified clay-gypsum binder and the consumption of mineral fiber and its length. The fiber diameter within 3.2-3.4 microns does not significantly affect the properties of mixtures. Dispersed reinforcement in the range from 1 to 5% slightly affects the average density of clay-gypsum mixtures and plaster coatings based on them. Dispersed reinforcement has the greatest effect on the mobility of the mortar plaster mixture and, to a lesser extent, on its thixotropy. The introduction of mineral fibers has a significant impact on the strength characteristics of plaster coatings, and, to the greatest extent, on the strength of bending, the compressive strength is most affected by the content of semi-aqueous gypsum in the composite binder. An increase in bending strength by 20% determines the greater resistance of plaster coatings to temperature influence and this allows us to state an increase in the duration of the functioning of clay plaster barriers when protecting load-bearing structures and insulation systems from the effects of high temperatures.
Automation of the process of applying plaster on the walls of agricultural premises
Authors: Tsvetkova Olga , Aidinyan Andrey , Chujkova Elena
Published: June 2020

Plastering works are distinguished by complex technology and the use of a large number of manual working methods. Eliminate manual labor, significantly increase productivity and improve the quality of the plastering is possible based on the automation of applying plaster. The article discusses two ways to control the amount of plaster mixture: direct regulation of the amount of plaster mixture by changing the performance of the nozzle and regulation of the amount of plaster mixture by optimizing the speed of the nozzle. The disadvantage of the first method is the need for preliminary calculation of the time instant of the nozzle productivity change. The difficulty in solving this problem is due to the inertia of the device. In connection with these difficulties, it is proposed to use the second method of adjusting the amount of plaster mixture by optimizing the speed of the nozzle. The simulation of the proposed control system was carried out in the Matlab Simulink. The developed technique for applying plaster during automatic adjustment of the nozzle speed provides the necessary speed of the working tool depending on the surface irregularities.
Influence of local exhaust ventilation parameters on the quality of the room’s air environment
Authors: Shashin Alexey , Sheps Roman , Lobanov Dmitry , Mershiev Alexander
Published: June 2020

The article considers the influence of local exhaust ventilation parameters on the quality of the room’s air environment. On the basis of experimental studies, dependencies were established that determine the effect of mass transfer processes occurring in the local exhaust ventilation shelter on air quality in a room working area. The influence of a flat plate installed in the lower part of technological opening of a shelter that prevents incoming air movement from a room to a source surface of convective jet is determined. This measure made it possible to reduce the air velocity above surface source and the amount of harmful emissions by 2.5 times, as well as to reduce their flow into a room through an opening a shelter. These measures allow to reduce energy costs for room ventilation and improve air quality in the serviced room.
Mobile expandable polystyrene road structure production complex for agribusiness
Authors: Yermoshin Nikolay , Filippov Dmitriy , Bukatov Dmitriy , Biryukov Oleg , Simonov Dmitriy , Tsyba Alexey , Kirillova Diana.
Published: June 2020

The article addresses the plan of development of a mobile expandable polystyrene road structure production complex. It is necessary to build roads on soils with low bearing capacity in order to ensure the transport accessibility of agribusiness facilities. The proposed solution could be used for the organization of rapid repairs of roads and highways, for eliminating the negative effects caused by natural disasters and other emergencies, for building roads in the arctic zone and ensuring stable functioning of roads in war time. An optimal composition of the process equipment for the mobile expandable polystyrene road structure production complex considered a Plan of construction of a light embankment using EPS-blocks and schematic of an embankment circuit device in various conditions using XPS-plates. The dependence of the time of delivery of the EPS-block objects from the remoteness of construction and feasibility study shows the effectiveness of the use of mobile complexes.
3D environmentally friendly concrete printing model preparation
Authors: Lazarev Yuriy , Krotov Oleg , Belyaeva Svetlana , Petrochenko Marina
Published: June 2020

This article considers ways of the construction printing of models for agriculture, road, civil and also industrial construction using concrete mixtures. For acquaintance with technology, the architectural element with width of layer of 4 cm and 8 cm all model high has been taken with height of one layer of 2 cm. This model has been prepared with use of two packages of the program complexes having different functionality, namely AutoCAD+SheetCAM+Mach3, the second Sketch-Up+Simplify3D. Each software package was used for design of model in 2D or 3D perspectives, division of model into layers, identical on height, by means of technology of slicer, and also for creation of task of the model printing by concrete for the construction printer of model S 6044. Ready mixes for geopolymer concrete have been taken. By results of the printing, comparison of quality of the models printed on the construction printer and technology of each package of program complexes have been made. The printing of models has shown that quality of the printing is identical. In this case, the second method using a bundle of 2 programs (SketchUp + Simplify3D), which allows printing volumetric models of any shape both in plan and in the future, has an advantage.
Protection of winter gardens constructions against corrosion caused by aqueous solution of hornbeam ash
Authors: Yurchenko Elena , Volkov Alexander , Makarov Konstantin , Kakosyan Astkhik , Yurchenko Vasilisa
Published: June 2020

The use of coarse-grained concrete (porosity 3-8%) of class B 12.5 15 with water resistance of W 4 and below is widespread in the village buildings in Russia and is associated with poor quality concrete production using manual labor. Since the mid-90s of the 20th century, it has become fashionable to install cottages of greenhouses or winter gardens in the attic space, with fireplaces for heating and using wood ash as fertilizer for plants. According to the survey data, ash moistened during irrigation has bicarbonate alkalinity, slightly aggressive for concrete of this quality. Determination of the pH of the cement stone of the operated column structures was within the range of pH = 11.8-12.6, overlap pH = 9.2-9.4. The studied aqueous solution of hornbeam ash had a bicarbonate alkalinity of 0.81 mEq/dm3 and is a slightly aggressive medium for concrete of this quality. The paper provides measures to protect concrete with Penetron penetrating waterproofing.
Selection criteria for engineering solutions to ensure acoustic comfort of urban and rural areas
Authors: Bespalov Vadim , Gurova Oksana , Samarskaya Natalya , Baklakova Valeriya
Published: June 2020

The article reflects the opinion that the choice of optimal engineering solution to ensure acoustic comfort in a specific urban or rural area should be based, first of all, on the use of two criteria: environmental efficiency and energy efficiency. The article proposes using, along with environmental efficiency, an additional optimization criterion - energy efficiency of the process for modern conditions of multi-criteria selection of engineering solutions in the field of providing acoustic comfort (ecological safety) in urban and rural areas. The article gives a justification for the need to apply the criterion of energy efficiency in this area and also presents the results of the obtained mathematical dependencies.
Agronomic and economic efficiency of chemical reclamation of Solonets land areas
Authors: Trotsenko Irina , Korchevskaya Yuliya
Published: June 2020

Long-cultivated solonets and saline land areas have become a significant reserve of agricultural production increase. The efficiency of reclamation methods or technologies is determined according to their reclamation and agronomic effect. In the present study we investigate the influence of single and repeated land gypsuming of multinatrium solonets of sodium salinization upon crop yield. The economic effect of this method is also analyzed. The study was carried out in Western Siberia for a long period of time (over 20 years). We used phosphogypsym (bypass product of phosphor fertilizers) as an ameliorator. The quantity of gypsuming for reclamation was calculated according to soil layer sizes – 5, 10, and 20 sm. The results suggest that chemical reclamation of multinatrium solonets areas is cost-effective in case of repeated gypsuming. It’s essential to conduct random reclamation procedures in solonets land areas to increase sustainable and heavy yield. Reclamation efficiency is evaluated according to soil quality development and economic inputs onreclamation.
Nanotechnology for the suppression of fires in agricultural land and forests
Authors: Belozerov Valery , Nikulin Mihail , Topolsky Nikolay
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of the causes and consequences of forest and landscape fires in the USSR and in Russia, which indicate the lack of effective fire protection methods and means from them to date. It is shown that the world community, in addition to flooding landscape and forest fires, bunding and filling of their distribution paths with earth, has no other ways and means of suppressing them. The results of research and synthesis of nanotechnologies and models of fire-fighting helicopters are presented, in which the planet’s atmosphere is used as an “endless source of fire extinguishing composition”, which allows using the developed (thermomagnetic air separators) and produced (membrane air separators and helicopters) re-equip «Avialesookhrana» and the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia in order to reverse the growth trends of fires and losses from them in the forests and steppes of Russia. It is noted that the proposed nanotechnology for suppressing fire can be effectively used not only to extinguish fires on farmland and forests, but also on trunk oil and gas pipelines, vehicles on roads (away from settlements) and facilities in the mountains where water and other extinguishing agent delivery options arelimited.
Influence of seasonal changes in climatic conditions on losses at oil tanks filling (on example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Elizaryev Alexey , Tarakanov Dmitry , Aksenov Sergey , Tarakanov Denis , Elizareva Elena , Nasyrova Elina , Nazyrov Airat
Published: June 2020

Research objective: determining the effect of Influence of seasonal changes on losses at oil tanks filling (on example of the Republic of Bashkortostan). There are many types of oil losses, but most of all is filling loss. They are polluting the environment on the territory of agricultural and oil facilities. They can lead to fire, explosion at oil storage facilities, agricultural enterprises. Method of research: filling loss directly depend on the daily temperature and atmospheric pressure. The work has worked out the values of temperature and atmospheric pressure for the year. Based on the obtained values of air temperature and atmospheric pressure, the volume of big breathing was calculated. Results of the study: the greatest environmental pollution is observed in the summer. In General, there is a uniform dynamics of changes in big breathing throughout the year on the entire territory of the Republic ofBashkortostan.
The analysis of the impact of foreign economic policy on the development of agriculture in Russian Federation
Authors: Udalov Andrey , Udalova Zoya , Postnikova Lubov , Kubar Maria
Published: June 2020

The article analyzed the impact of foreign economic policy on the development of the Russian federal economy, considered the analysis of the commodity structure of exports and imports of the Russian Federation with the countries of far abroad and CIS countries, presented the analysis of agricultural products by farm figures in the Russian Federation for 2014 and 2018. Several trends have been proposed, which will allow to choose the correct strategy of development of Russia for the future.
Level of fisheries development and its impact on the socio-economic development of the region
Authors: Novikov Andrey , Pakhomova Anna
Published: June 2020

The fishery complex of the Russian Federation, due to its natural and climatic conditions, has tremendous potential both for saturating the food market with high-quality products and for the socioeconomic development of the region due to the creation of a large number of highly paid working places and conditions for the provision of services for organizing sports fishing. One of the largest fishery complexes in the Russian Federation is Rostov region where biological resources are extracted by fishery enterprises in the Azov and Black Seas, Taganrog Bay, Tsimlyansk, Veselovsky and Proletarsky reservoirs and numerous pond farms, the capabilities of which are not fully used. Oktyabrsky district has enormous resources of pond fishing and fish farming. On the example of this region, one can observe the influence of all the shortcomings that impede the further increase in the level of development of the fishing industry. The elimination of these shortcomings will not only increase this level, but also contribute to the socio-economic development of theregion.
Co-operation of production is a way to allocate a resource for farming sector development
Authors: Kokieva Galia , Fedorov Stanislav , Druzyanova Varvara , Kondakova Nadezhda
Published: June 2020

The agriculture reform, the establishment of a mixed economy in rural areas with various ownership forms on producers’ goods, led to the agro-industrial complex infrastructure reshaping, in particular, the resource allocation system. The organizational framework has changed radically, and the primary physical resources have moved from a centralized allocation system to horizontal connections between consumers and producers. The article describes the relations between farms, on the one hand, and inter-farm firms and associations, on the other. The article deals with the cooperative commercial farm unit relations oriented to the interfarm firms and associationsdevelopment.
Review and development of statistical models for calculating the economic base of wine production
Authors: Shevchenko Milana , Kosenko Natella
Published: June 2020

In the article the economic basis of wine production in the regions is examined and evaluated; known methods of identifying alternatives to the development of the wine-vineyard market of regions that simultaneously produce grapes and wines for sale in the country and for export are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the production of wines from imported wine materials.
The competence that satisfy us: agribusiness and airlines business management cases
Authors: Kankaew Kannapat
Published: June 2020

The airline is one of the highly intense competition, in the meantime it is the most vulnerable industry to external environment.Importantly, the service quality is remarkably affecting to the customer’s preference choosing to fly. This study aims to assess the competencies of ground service agent that affecting passenger’s satisfaction. The quantitative method was applied. The descriptive statistic, factor analysis, multiple regression, and structural equation modelling were administered. The data collected by using questionnaires from 800 passengers. The sample group divided into two groups including 400 passengers who use low-cost airline, and 400 passengers who use full-service airline operating in Thailand. The results found that the most prefer competencies from the passenger are understanding the cultural diversity with continuous learning to achieving the career path, having service-oriented mind with ethics and morals, and having a good social interaction and teamwork.
The evolution of agribusiness management values from labor to brain mechanism that shape leadership style
Authors: Kankaew Kannapat
Published: June 2020

The managerial values have been changed overtime, because of external environment situations. It is also shaping leadership style in each era of the changes. This article, the authors aim to review the managerial values changing overtime from agricultural, to industrial revolution, computerization, technology, and until today the digitalization era. In each era, there were various scholar proposed management concept and values. Presently, some concepts are still in use, and each concept requires different leadership styles that affecting to organizational performancestrive to success its goals. The most well-known leadership styles are transactional and transformational style. Today, in digital era where artificial intelligent applied and things change swiftly, unpredictably. The leadership style in this era, the authors proposed leader should transform to ‘digitalizationalleader’.
Work quality and standards of small and medium enterprises in the agro-industrial and construction business in Thailand
Authors: Potjanajaruwit Pisit
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research was to study the factors that influence the decision of Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) in the Northeast region of Thailand to use loan services from Kasikorn Bank. The population in this research was 1,746 SMEs entrepreneurs who used loan services for Small and Medium Enterprise customers provided by Kasikorn Bank Public Company Limited in the North-eastern region of Thailand. Multi-stage Cluster Sampling was used in sampling 325 SMEs entrepreneurs and a 5 rating-scale questionnaire was used as a research tool, with the confidence value of independent variables of .96 and the confidence value of dependent variables of .83. The statistics used in analysis were Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, Multiple Regression Analysis, T-test, and F-test. 7 factors were found to have influence in the decision to use loan services of the Small and Medium Enterprises customers at a high level. These following factors are listed in order from highest to lowest average scores; Service Process, Physical Evidence and Presentation, Personnel, Products, Distribution, Marketing Promotion, and Price. Only 2 factors were found to have an influence on the customers’ decision to use loan services with standardized coefficient of determination for multiple regression at the significance level of .01; Service Process (Beta = .43) and Personnel (Beta = .19) and both factors together could be used to determine 35% of dependent variables with statistical significance.
Problems of meat market in terms of ensuring world’s food security
Authors: Kopteva Lyudmila , Romanova Irina , Kulakova Svetlana
Published: June 2020

The present paper focuses on key problems and specifics of ensuring food security and on state of agro-industrial complexes in different countries of the world. The authors defined the main aspects of state support for agriculture in advanced foreign economies and specified the challenges of food security ensuring. Agriculture is such an industry that brings prosperity to those who can work efficiently and make right decisions under high uncertainty, which may imply unsteady weather conditions, market environment, various production risks. Successful development of agriculture requires the ability to forecast and prevent unfavorable situations. In all countries, the main objective of agricultural production is to fully meet population’s demand for food using its own resources for manufacturing necessary food products. However, some countries do not have their own resources for agriculture, so they have to import finished products and raw materials for food production from other countries. For today, ensuring food security for all countries of the world is one of the most urgent problems of the mankind. Since the United Nations (the UN) was created, the international community has been paying close attention to the shortage of food. The issues of customs tariff regulation, plant and animal health care, administrative barriers – these are the priority tasks demanding systemic approaches, the fulfillment of which will stimulate the breakthrough inagriculture.
Assessment of the efficiency of quality management systems of agricultural planning and economic elements
Authors: Kazaryan Ruben , Lyovin Sergey , Yusupov Rustam
Published: June 2020

The experience of assessing the efficiency of quality management systems for the organizational structures, agricultural planning, and common approaches to solving this issue are currently insufficient. As a result, there was a contradiction between practice that recognizes the objective need for a periodic assessment of the efficiency of the quality management system in the organizational structures of agricultural companies and the state of the scientific and methodological base for resolving these issues. The need has arisen for creating an automated system for choosing rational organizational and technological solutions based on modern design technologies, planning and forming a new element base for economic development of a system-targeted approach to assessing the level of stability of net assets based on IPSAS. On the basis of the well-known BIM technology for information modeling of objects, a bank (information base) of standard implementation plans (IP) is created, from which the most rational IP for this type of work is selected using the criteria research method based on modified genetic algorithms (GA). Issues of choosing a method of managing agricultural planning by the totality of implementation plans are considered. An analysis of the selection of the main methods of production of works that are increasingly used in the practice of constructing agricultural facilities will ensure the formation of new approaches to the logistics of transport support in agriculture.
Development of rural non-importables for the development of rural agribusiness to boost regional economy
Authors: Aleksandrov Igor , Fedorova Marina
Published: June 2020

The main aim of the research is to propose options for nonimportables producing at rural territories to boost the development of agribusiness. One of the most possible and promising non-importable to be developed and which ensures sustainability is rural and ecotourism. We revised the development of Russian tourism with the help of statistical data and used the regressions method for different periods of time to understand whether the process was stable and positive. Another goal was to estimate whether the government procedures play real efficient role in the development of tourism industry of tourist destinations of the North Western Federal District, or the bottom up development is more appropriate for little tourist destinations. To analyze this hypothesis the tourism development from 2006 to 2016 in the regions the Northwestern Federal District was revised. The methods of theoretical research come from the analysis of theoretical research on the subject. The methods of empirical research are based on comparison, analogy and generalizations according to statistic and other officialdata.
Criminal law policy on environmental crimes in context of sustainable development in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Thi Mai , Nguyen Dinh Luan
Published: June 2020

Balancing between economic growth and environmental protection is the core of sustainable development. However, both developed and developing countries are facing many difficulties in dealing with global challenges such as climate change, pollution and resource shortage. In an effort to promote environmental protection and legislate punishment, environmental crimes have been included in criminal law. In order to increase its effectiveness, criminal law on environmental crimes need to be further specified, such as identification of environmental offences, inclusion of new offences, expansion of scope of application, increase on fine, and supplement existing sanctions for environmental offences. These changes can bring tremendous impacts on Vietnam’s sustainable development in the nearfuture.
Spatial structure transformation of Ulan-Ude city suburbs
Authors: Badmaev Aldar , Motoshkina Marina
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the processes of suburbanization and transformation of the spatial structure of the city of Ulan-Ude. On the example of intensive growth of the suburb, modern trends of socio-spatial stratification of resettlement, caused by socio-economic and historical factors of development, are clearly seen.
Assessment of personnel motivation as an effective tool for ensuring the success of food industry enterprises
Authors: Verchenko Yulia , Borisova Anna , Bruzhukova Olga
Published: June 2020

The article touches upon the issues related to the study of assessing the personnel motivation in the food industry approach. We describe an approach to assess the level of the working group motivation, which allows us to determine the level of sufficient motivation of personnel and assess its impact on the organization success. The algorithm, methodology and results of the research on the practical study of criteria for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the subsystems effectiveness of motivation control, material incentives for employees, the process of personnel regulation, management of the reserve for promotion, the subsystem of personnel evaluation and its development arepresented.
Aspects of applying theory of human ecology to design safe heat-protective clothing for the disabled people
Authors: Babenko Liana , Molev Mikhail , Savelieva Natalia , Mikhailov Konstantin , Mikhailova Inna
Published: June 2020

The article discusses current theoretical and practical issues of scientific research based on the interaction of environmental and technogenic factors in the development of safe heat-protective clothing models for people with restricted motor abilities. In particular, the main results of studying the interaction of elements and objects belonging to the dynamic system «human – habitat – heat-protective clothes» are presented. The purpose of the work was to justify the choice of structural clothing materials with the help of using obtained analytical information on thermal field formation of under clothing space area. The relevance of the described studies is due to the permanently increased demand for special heat-protective products for the disabled and insufficient knowledge of multi factorial environmental processes in spatio-temporal coordinates. The scientific novelty of the presented work consists in solving the problem based on the analysis of the interaction of human lower limbs and heat protective clothing by means of using the author’s mathematical model. To carry out the research, modern mathematical methods were used, including system analysis, synthesis of alternatives, modeling, generalization and results verification. The obtained materials develop the theory of applied areas of human ecology. The implementation of the above stated recommendations in the practice of heat protective clothing design contributes to a process of people’s socialization with restricted motorabilities.
Features of ideas about professionally important qualities in food industry workers with differences in the severity of properties of the nervous system
Authors: Korochentseva Anna , Dautov Denis , Khachaturyan Nelli
Published: June 2020

Significant part of professionally important qualities for workers of the food industry is the balance of nervous processes. In this study, we decided to study the parameters, the certain severity of which, during the initial diagnosis of the future baker, can provide important information on how much he is predisposed to this type of activity. The purpose of the study is to study the features of ideas about professionally important qualities among workers of the food industry with differences in the severity of the properties of the nervous system. The main research method is the diagnostic technique for temperament of J. Strelau, Liszt Lipman (option II) and “Identification and analysis of professionally important qualities of specialists in the“man-technology”system. In total, 51 food industry workers took part in the study, 34 of which were women and 17 were men aged 23 to 45 years old. In the course of the study, we found differences in the severity of inhibition processes and the mobility of nervous processes among the employees of the baking shop. Next, we examined how these differences in the features of the nervous system can affect other professionally important qualities of bakeryworkers.
Psychological and pedagogical aspects of personnel training in higher inclusive education
Authors: Skuratovskaya Marina
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the issue of professional training of students with disabilities in higher inclusive education. Statistical data showing the existing difficulties of obtaining higher education for disabled people are presented. The results of research on the material and technical, organizational, psychological and pedagogical conditions of accessibility of higher education for persons with disabilities are considered. The article analyzes the current pedagogical, socio-psychological and other barriers to training in higher inclusive education. The role of socio-psychological factors in the social adaptation of a disabled student in the educational space of the University is determined. Special attention is paid to psychological and pedagogical aspects of training in terms of inclusive higher education: designing integrated programmes of support for disabled students, the creation of the University rehabilitation-education environment, the definition of criteria for evaluation of universities on inclusive higher education. The article attaches great importance to the formation of an inclusive culture of an educational organization. Approaches to understanding inclusive culture presented in Russian and foreign studies are considered, and its component structure isdescribed.
Fehler bei der Aufklärung kann zum Wegfall des Vergütungsanspruchs führen
Authors: Häser Isabel
Published: June 2020

Im GKV-Recht dient die Aufklärung auch der Wahrung des Wirtschaftlichkeitsgebots und kann daher Auswirkungen auf den Vergütungsanspruch des Krankenhauses haben (Urteil vom 19.03.2020 – B 1 KR 20/19 R).
Is There a Role for Environmental and Metabolic Factors Predisposing
to Severe COVID-19?
Authors: Bornstein Stefan R. , Voit-Bak Karin , Schmidt Dieter , Morawietz Henning , Bornstein Alexander Benjamin , Balanzew Waldimir , Julius Ulrich , Rodionov Roman N. , Biener Anne Maria , Wang Jun , Schulte Klaus-Martin , Krebs Peter , Vollmer Günter , Straube R.
Published: June 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic
affects people around the world. However, there have been striking
differences in the number of infected individuals and deaths in different
countries. Particularly, within Central Europe in countries that are similar
in ethnicity, age, and medical standards and have performed similar steps of
containment, such differences in mortality rates remain inexplicable. We
suggest to consider and explore environmental factors to explain these
intriguing variations. Countries like Northern Italy, France, Spain, and UK
have suffered from 5 times more deaths from the corona virus infection than
neighboring countries like Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and Denmark
related to the size of their respective populations. There is a striking
correlation between the level of environmental pollutants including
pesticides, dioxins, and air pollution such as NO2 known to
affect immune function and healthy metabolism with the rate of mortality in
COVID-19 pandemic in these European countries. There is also a correlation
with the use of chlorination of drinking water in these regions. In addition
to the improvement of environmental protective programs, there are
possibilities to lower the blood levels of these pollutants by therapeutic
apheresis. Furthermore, therapeutic apheresis might be an effective method
to improve metabolic inflammation, altered vascular perfusion, and
neurodegeneration observed as long-term complications of COVID-19
disease.
Calcific Plug Obstructing the Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Del Re Federico , De Martino Andrea , Falcetta Giosuè , Bortolotti Uberto
Published: June 2020

We describe a case of a 57-year-old woman with occlusion of the thoracic aorta due to a calcific plug as an unusual cause of refractory hypertension. Middle aortic syndrome, also known as “coral reef aorta,” defined as a clinical condition caused by thoracic and/or abdominal aortic stenosis, requires peculiar treatment strategies representing a complex surgical challenge.
Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap as a Workhorse Flap: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Altiparmak Mehmet , Cha Han Gyu , Hong Joon P. , Suh Hyunsuk Peter
Published: June 2020

Background There are various advantages and disadvantages attributed to superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap. The aim of this study is to evaluate the versatility and reliability of free SCIP flap by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature in terms of flap characteristics, pedicle types, and outcomes, including the different types of flap elevations.

Methods PubMed, Embase OVID, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched up to January 2019. All original articles and case reports published in English were included in the analysis. Anatomic descriptions, cadaveric studies, conference presentations, letter to the editors, local SCIP flaps, and review articles were excluded.

Results A total of 36 articles including 907 SCIP flaps were available for the analysis. The most frequent causes of defects were tumors (38.2%) and lower extremities were the most common recipient areas (62.7%). The average flap dimension was 73.3 ± 23.0 cm2 with a pedicle length of 5.0 ± 0.6 cm. Vessel diameter average was 0.67 ± 0.12 mm. The average number of deep branch and superficial branch used per study was 14.4 ± 8.7 (18%) and 93.3 ± 75.0 (84%), respectively. Flap failure rate and complication rate were 2.7 and 4.2%, respectively.

Conclusion SCIP flaps have been shown to be versatile in various aspects of reconstruction. The attributed disadvantages such as having short pedicle and small vessel diameter do not seem to limit the variable usage of this flap. Therefore, SCIP flap should be considered a workhorse flap.
Exploring the Rindler vacuum and the Euclidean plane
Authors: Rajeev Karthik , Padmanabhan T.
Published: June 2020

In flat spacetime, two inequivalent vacuum states that arise rather naturally are the Rindler vacuum |R〉 and the Minkowski vacuum |M〉. We discuss several aspects of the Rindler vacuum, concentrating on the propagator and Schwinger (heat) kernel defined using |R〉, both in the Lorentzian and Euclidean sectors. We start by exploring an intriguing result due to Candelas and Raine [J. Math. Phys. 17, 2101 (1976)], viz., that GR, the Feynman propagator corresponding to |R〉, can be expressed as a curious integral transform of GM, the Feynman propagator in |M〉. We show that this relation follows from the well-known result that GM can be written as a periodic sum of GR, in the Rindler time τ, with the period (in proper units) 2πi. We further show that the integral transform result holds for a wide class of pairs of bi-scalars FM,FR, provided that FM can be represented as a periodic sum of FR with period 2πi. We provide an explicit procedure to retrieve FR from its periodic sum FM for a wide class of functions. An example of particular interest is the pair of Schwinger kernels KM,KR, corresponding to the Minkowski and Rindler vacua. We obtain an explicit expression for KR and clarify several conceptual and technical issues related to these biscalars both in the Euclidean and Lorentzian sectors. In particular, we address the issue of retrieving the information contained in all the four wedges of the Rindler frame in the Lorentzian sector, starting from the Euclidean Rindler (polar) coordinates. This is possible but requires four different types of analytic continuations based on one unifying principle. Our procedure allows the generalization of these results to any (bifurcate Killing) horizon in curved spacetime.
Carrier recombination parameters in diamond after surface boron implantation and annealing
Authors: Grivickas P. , Ščajev P. , Kazuchits N. , Mazanik A. , Korolik O. , Voss L. F. , Conway A. M. , Hall D. L. , Bora M. , Subačius L. , Bikbajevas V. , Grivickas V.
Published: June 2020

An optical pump–probe technique was used to detect spatial distribution of carrier lifetimes across the thickness of a high-quality diamond device structure. Two samples with as-received and boron implanted surfaces were compared to assess the role of implantation and related processing on carrier recombination mechanisms. It was found that the two implanted surfaces show very different behaviors despite undergoing the same treatment. At one of the surfaces, carrier lifetimes remained relatively unchanged, indicating surface recombination rates in the 102–103 cm/s range. At the other surface, carrier lifetimes were almost a magnitude lower and correlated with the locally detected nitrogen vacancy defect that was attributed to the elevated concentration of residual nitrogen.
Sub-system quantum dynamics using coupled cluster downfolding techniques
Authors: Kowalski Karol , Bauman Nicholas P.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we discuss extending the sub-system embedding sub-algebra coupled cluster formalism and the double unitary coupled cluster (DUCC) ansatz to the time domain. An important part of the analysis is associated with proving the exactness of the DUCC ansatz based on the general many-body form of anti-Hermitian cluster operators defining external and internal excitations. Using these formalisms, it is possible to calculate the energy of the entire system as an eigenvalue of downfolded/effective Hamiltonian in the active space, which is identifiable with the sub-system of the composite system. It can also be shown that downfolded Hamiltonians integrate out Fermionic degrees of freedom that do not correspond to the physics encapsulated by the active space. In this paper, we extend these results to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, showing that a similar construct is possible to partition a system into a sub-system that varies slowly in time and a remaining sub-system that corresponds to fast oscillations. This time-dependent formalism allows coupled cluster quantum dynamics to be extended to larger systems and for the formulation of novel quantum algorithms based on the quantum Lanczos approach, which has recently been considered in the literature.
Transport and thermodynamics in quantum junctions: A scattering approach
Authors: Semenov Alexander , Nitzan Abraham
Published: June 2020

We present a scattering approach for the study of the transport and thermodynamics of quantum systems strongly coupled to their thermal environment(s). This formalism recovers the standard non-equilibrium Green’s function expressions for quantum transport and reproduces recently obtained results for the quantum thermodynamics of slowly driven systems. Using this approach, new results have been obtained. First, we derived a general explicit expression for the non-equilibrium steady-state density matrix of a system composed of multiple infinite baths coupled through a general interaction. Then, we obtained a general expression for the dissipated power for the driven non-interacting resonant level to the first order in the driving speeds, where both the dot energy level and its couplings are changing, without invoking the wide-band approximation. In addition, we also showed that the symmetric splitting of the system bath interaction, employed for the case of a system coupled to one bath to determine the effective system Hamiltonian [A. Bruch et al., Phys. Rev. B 93, 115318 (2016)], is valid for the multiple bath case as well. Finally, we demonstrated an equivalence of our method to the Landauer–Buttiker formalism and its extension to slowly driven systems developed by Bruch, Lewenkopf, and von Oppen [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 107701 (2018)]. To demonstrate the use of this formalism, we analyze the operation of a device in which the dot is driven cyclically between two leads under strong coupling conditions. We also generalize the previously obtained expression for entropy production in such driven processes to the many-bath case.
Direct numerical simulation of supersonic flow and acoustics over a compression ramp
Authors: Kokkinakis Ioannis W. , Drikakis Dimitris , Ritos Konstantinos , Spottswood S. Michael
Published: June 2020

We present direct numerical simulations of the shock wave boundary layer interaction (SBLI) at Mach number 2.9 over a 24° ramp. We study both the numerical accuracy and flow physics. Two classes of spatial reconstruction schemes are employed: the monotonic upstream-centered scheme for conservation laws and the Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme, of accuracy ranging from 2nd- to 11th-order. Using the canonical Taylor–Green vortex test-case, a simple and computationally inexpensive rescaling of the candidate stencil values—within the context of the high-order WENO scheme—is proposed for reducing the numerical dissipation, particularly in under-resolved simulations. For the compression ramp case, higher-order schemes are shown to capture the size of the SBLI separation zone more accurately, a consequence of resolving much finer turbulence structures. For second- and fifth-order schemes, the energy of the unresolved small scale turbulence shifts the cascade of the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) spectrum, thus resulting in more energetic large scale turbulent structures. Consequently, the λ-shock foot shifts further downstream, leading to a smaller separation bubble size. Nonetheless, other statistical quantities, such as the turbulence anisotropy invariant map and the turbulence kinetic energy budget terms, show little dependence on the type and order of the spatial reconstruction scheme. Finally, using the more accurate ninth-order WENO results, it is reasoned that the interaction of the λ-shock with the post-shock relaxation region drives the low-frequency oscillation of the λ-shock.
Soccer player with unusual right shoulder and arm pain and swelling
Authors: Zakaria Alan , Gill Jasper , Nishi Livia Maruoka , Nadwodny Jeff , Pujalte George G. A.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTIONPaget-Schroetter syndrome, or effort thrombosis, refers to a deep venous thrombosis in an upper extremity. It is most commonly located in the axillary or subclavian veins and is associated with vigorous repetitive movements and anatomic abnormalities.
CASE PRESENTATIONThis case study describes an 18-year-old Division 1 soccer player who presented with worsening axillary swelling and pain. He was found to have subclavian stenosis at the level of the thoracic inlet between the clavicle and first rib, with deep venous thrombosis in his right axillary, subclavian, proximal brachial, and basilic veins. It was diagnosed with ultrasound and confirmed with venography. He was treated initially with enoxaparin and warfarin before having mechanical thrombolysis, balloon venoplasty, infusion of tissue plasminogen activator, and a right first rib resection.
CONCLUSIONAs Paget-Schroetter syndrome is rare, early recognition and management leads to fewer long-lasting sequelae and less morbidity. Left untreated, it can result in pulmonary embolism and residual upper extremity obstruction.
Contribution of epiphyte load to light attenuation on seagrass leaves is small but critical in turbid waters
Authors: Ow Yan Xiang , Ng Kai Jun , Lai Samantha , Yaakub Siti Maryam , Todd Peter
Published: June 2020

Quantifying contributors to light attenuation is useful for the management of seagrass meadows. Epiphytic growth on seagrasses can lead to diminished light for the host plant, impairing photosynthesis and growth. Here, we quantify the contributions of the water column and epiphytic load to light attenuation in a Cymodocea rotundata meadow at Chek Jawa, Singapore. Using a modified spectrometer and seagrass mimics (clear polyethene strips) colonised by epiphytes, we determined the relationship between light transmission (400–700nm) and epiphyte load. Subsequently, we derived the percentage of surface light that reaches the leaf surface (PLL) over a range of epiphyte biomass and water-column light-attenuation coefficients (Kd). Results indicated that the relative contribution to light attenuation by epiphytic biomass was greater in clearer waters (Kd<0.5) than in turbid waters. As Kd increases, the amount of epiphytic material required to reduce PLL to minimum light requirement (11%) decreases exponentially. At Chek Jawa, the average epiphytic load was 32mg DW cm−2, which was close to the estimated amount (33mg DW cm−2) required to reduce PLL to 11% at prevailing turbidity levels. Our findings suggest that high epiphyte load is benign in clear waters, but becomes critical in turbid waters.