bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tomb No. 139 of the Shang Dynasty at Daxinzhuang, Jinan City
Authors: Department Of Archaeology, Shandong  , Shandong Provincial Institute Of Cu
Published: July 2017

From March through June 2010, new coring and excavations were conducted at the Daxinzhuang site in Jinan City, during which a new cemetery from the later stage of the early Shang Dynasty to the late Shang Dynasty was uncovered. Among the excavated tombs, Tomb No. 139 is the largest: it is an earthen shaft tomb with a ledge around the bottom on which human victims were found. The burial furniture included one inner coffin and one outer chamber, beneath which a waist pit was located. Numerous grave goods were unearthed from this tomb, including large-sized bronzes, jades and stone artifacts. The scale, burial furniture, human victims and grave goods of this tomb all reflect that Tomb No.139 was a rare high-ranking elite tomb of the Erligang Period.
Architectural Complex VI of Changle Palace, Han Chang’an City in Xi’an
Authors: Han Chang’An Archaeological Team  , Institute Of Archaeology  , Chinese Academy Of Social Sciences
Published: July 2017

From November 2005 to January 2006, Han Chang’an Archaeological Team of the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences excavated the northern periphery of Architectural Complex VI located in the northwest of Changle Palace site. The primary result was bringing to light a pair of auxiliary compounds on the east and west wings of the main hall of Complex VI. The auxiliary compounds comprised of structures of halls, verandas, rain aprons and open-air courtyards. The hall structures were indicated by raised rammed-earth foundations, rows of stone pillar bases on the perimeter, and a set of semi-subterranean features in the west compound. The floors of the verandas were lined with square bricks, flanked by rows of stone pillar bases with occasional traces of wooden pillars. The rain aprons were paved with pebbles and rectangular bricks. The courtyards featured water systems comprised of wells, saturation pools, pipelines, runoff ditches and drainage. The assemblage of material remains comprised mainly of architectural components of semi-cylindrical tiles, flat tiles, tile-ends, bricks, pipes, well curbs, etc., and a small amount of pottery, iron and bronze artifacts, as well as bronze coins. The chronology of the material remains and their context suggested that the complex was built in the early years of Western Han and continued to be occupied till the Wang Mang Interregnum. Combined with previous archaeological findings and historic documents, complex VI was most likely the front hall of Changle Palace.
Also on the typology of bow-shaped objects and relevant issues
Authors: Teng Mingyu
Published: July 2017

The bow-shaped object emerged in the Shang-Zhou Period of China and was used as rein holder for charioteers and riders to free their hands. It can be classified into two types: the narrow-backed and the wide-backed. Samples of the narrow-backed type were found at the waist of human skeletons or depicted on Mongolian deer stones, at the waist of human images in association with bow and bow case figures. It suggests that this type of bow-shaped object was tied to or hung on waist belts. On the other hand, wide-backed ones were usually brought to light from chariot boxes in chariot-and-horse burial pits and, in Mongolia and Central Asia, were seen in chariot images of deer stones, with the reins shown tied to or hung on chariot boxes. Judged from these discoveries, at least a part of wide-backed bow-shaped objects were used as rein holders tied to the front edge of chariot boxes.
Concerning string cutting, tuo (emery wheel) cutting and tuo carving – and discussion of the date the tuo began to be used
Authors: Yeung Kin-Fong
Published: July 2017

This paper discussed the jade-carving techniques, summarized the characteristics of blade saw cutting, thread cutting and wheel cutting, and then pointed out that there should not be any wheel tool or wheel cutting technique in the prehistoric period and the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties. The metal wheel tool first appeared in the Spring-and-Autumn Period. Since then, the jade art was improved more and more because of the development of private craftsmanship, the commerce and the destruction of the rigid ritual system.
The Han tomb near Lingsheng Lake in Dingtao County, Shandong
Authors: Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeo
Published: July 2017

In October 2010, the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted a rescue excavation to a tomb of the Western Han Dynasty (numbered M2) near Lingsheng Lake in Dingtao County. This tomb was in a 甲-shaped plan; the grave built of rammed earth above the ground was roughly square, and the walls were lined with wooden planks; the wooden coffin chambers were protected with large amounts of accumulated sand on all sides and lined with wellbaked gray bricks on all sides and the roof. The coffin chambers were a large-scale “huangchang ticou” wooden architectural complex consisting of three main chambers - a front chamber, a central chamber, and a rear chamber - as well as side chambers, doorways, corridors, outer storage chambers and ticou walls (built of cypress heartwood timbers laid horizontally, with their stacked ends forming the faces of the walls). Many bricks bearing writings in red or black pigment or inscriptions were unearthed from this tomb. This is the best-preserved largescale “huangchang ticou” tomb found to date in China. It can be seen as representative of the most mature form of the “huangchang ticou” burial system and as a transitional stage to the tomb format consisting of a large brick chamber with ambulatory. It constitutes very valuable material for research on the use of the “huangchang
ticou” burial system during the Han Dynasty.
The large houses of Xiahe Site in Baishui County, Shaanxi
Authors: Wang Weilin , Zhang Pengcheng , Yuan Ming
Published: July 2017

This paper discusses the characteristics and significance of the three large pentagonal semi-subterranean houses of the Miaodigou Phase (F1, F2 and F3) at the Xiahe Site in Baishui County, Shaanxi Province. The construction of these houses comprised six steps. The living floors were plastered with lime made from calcareous nodules obtained from the local loess formation. F1 was built on the primary earth surface; wherein F2 was built on the foundation of F3, which was previously burnt to the ground. The living floor of F1 occupied 304.5sq m, making it the largest house structure of its archaeological phase ever found. We maintain that these structures might have been used for religious and communal occasions. The findings of these remarkably large houses are significant to the understanding of the manipulation and organization of resources in the Xiahe community. Furthermore, the technological achievements indicted by them are deemed to be the precursor of palatial architectures in China.
The remains of Yangshao Culture at Xiaowu Site in Lingbao City, Henan
Authors: Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeolog
Published: July 2017

In 2007, Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted survey and trial excavation to the Xiaowu Site in Lingbao City. The trial excavation recovered two tombs of early Yangshao Culture. Both of the tombs were rectangular earthen pit tombs of multiple secondary burials. The M1 of them yielded 79 individuals of human skeletons, and M2 yielded 17 individuals. The M1 was one of the large-scale multiple secondary burial tombs of the Yangshao Culture yielding the most individuals of human skeletons found to date. In the Sanmenxia area, the secondary burials of the Yangshao Culture are rare; these two secondary burial tombs found in Xiaowu Site are the first discovery of this type of burials of early Yangshao Culture in this area, and also the second collective discovery of multiple secondary burial tombs of early Yangshao Culture at the joint area of Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan Provinces in the recent several decades, so they have significant academic values.
Neolithic Yejiamiao City Site in Xiaogan, Hubei
Authors: Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeolog
Published: July 2017

In 2008, Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated Yejiamiao City Site, which brought to light an important discovery of prehistoric city and settlement archaeology in the middle reach of the Yangtze River in recent years. The whole city site consisted of the Yejiamiao City Site, Jiashan Site and the auxiliary settlement sites at Yangjiazui and Hejiabu Villages. Based on the characteristics of the city walls, moats and the potteries unearthed at the cemeteries, the cultural remains in this site can be divided into three phases corresponding to the early phase of Qujialing Culture, late phase of Qujialing Culture and the early phase of Shijiahe Culture. The city walls and moats were constructed in the late phase of Qujialing Culture; the cemetery of Jiashan Site was used from the early phase of Qujialing Culture to the early phase of Shijiahe Culture; the urn burials in the cemetery were the most unique and rarely seen in the middle reach of the Yangtze River.
The excavation of the bronze casting remains in Zhuangli Locus West at Zhouyuan Site
Authors: Zhouyuan Archaeological Team, Institute of Archaeology, Chin
Published: July 2017

In the springs of the years 2003 and 2004, the two terms of excavations of Zhouyuan Archaeological Team to the Locus West of Zhuangli Village uncovered 650sq m in total, from which 27 burials, one chariot and horse pit and 57 ash pits of the Western Zhou Dynasty were excavated. This report mainly introduces the ash pits and the potteries and bronze casting implements unearthed from these ash pits and strata. The analyses to the potteries showed that the excavated remains were formed in the later stage of the mid Western Zhou Dynasty to the late Western Zhou Dynasty. The pottery molds were found in six strata, 25 pits and the fills and looting tunnels of four burials. Most of the molds were abandoned fragments after stripping, and the original types and patterns of 587 pieces of them could be identified. Most of these molds were outer molds and few of them were inner molds and cores. The molds for casting chariot and horse fittings took the first position in amount, followed by that for casting miscellanies, vessels, weapons and tools. The identified types are ding-tripods, yongzhong-bells, bells, ge-dagger axes, plaques, belt ornaments, linchpins, axle hubs, horse bits, cowries, chariot bells, knives with ring-shaped pommels, and so on. The decorative patterns had totally 19 types. The artifacts and remains related to bronze casting are furnace wall fragments, pottery pipes, mushroom-shaped clay struts, etc. Bronze slag and small bronze items were also found in the remains. The materials fetched in these excavations are very valuable for the researches on the bronze producing techniques, work organizations and product circulations of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
Excavation of Liu Shen’s tomb of the Western Han Dynasty on Heitou Hill in Xuzhou, Jiangsu
Authors: Xuzhou Museum
Published: July 2017

In June through August 2006, Xuzhou Museum excavated the M1 at the Heitou Hill in the eastern suburb of Xuzhou City. This tomb was a vertical stone shaft pit tomb of the early Western Han Dynasty; it had an earthen mound above the grave and attendant burials were found around it. In the rammed earth fill of the grave, five layers of sealing stones were found; the burial furniture was wooden coffin, in which two human remains were found, showing that this tomb was a couple joint burial. From this tomb, large amount of exquisite grave goods were unearthed, including potteries, bronzes, jades and agate objects, iron objects, bone and wooden objects, etc. The eight seals among the grave goods were the official and private seals of the tomb occupants, from the text of which we know that the name of the male occupant of the tomb is Liu Shen, and estimate him as a member of the royal family of the Chu Feudatory Kingdom of the Western Han Dynasty.
The Buddhist sculpture hoard at Bei Wuzhuang in Ye City Site at Linzhang County, Hebei Province
Authors: Joint Ye City Archaeological Team of the Institute of Archae
Published: July 2017

In January 2012, a rescue excavation was conducted to a Buddhist sculpture hoard in the Ye City Site of the Northern Dynasties located in present-day Linzhang County, Hebei Province, from which a bunch of important academic materials was recovered. Among these recovered artifacts, 2895 sculptures (intact or damaged) have been registered and numbered, plus almost 3000 fragments. Most of these sculptures were made of white marble, and one tenth of them bore inscriptions. Their dates were mainly the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasties, with few exceptions belonging to the Northern Wei and Tang Dynasties. This hoard is the one yielding the most Buddhist sculptures found since the founding of the People’s Republic, and this discovery showed the position of the Ye City as the centers of the Buddhism, culture and art in the Central Plains and North China during the late Northern Dynasties.
Excavation of the cultural remains in front of the Bezeklik Thousand-Buddha Caves
Authors: Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology
Published: July 2017

In 2009, Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted rescue excavation to the cultural remains in front of the Bezeklik Thousand-Buddha Caves located in Turfan Basin. The excavation recovered 54 remains including caves, house foundations, stupas, etc. The date of these remains was the Qoco Uyghur Period. The artifacts unearthed from these remains were potteries, wooden and stone implements, iron and bone objects, textiles and manuscripts; in some caves, murals and ground paintings were found. This excavation provided new data for the researches on the Bezeklik Thousand- Buddha Caves.
Alignment and empathy as viewpoint phenomena: The case of amplifiers and comical hypotheticals
Authors: Feyaerts Kurt , Oben Bert , Lackner Helmut Karl , Papousek Ilona
Published: July 2017

This contribution focuses on verbal amplifiers and comical hypotheticals in a corpus of face-to-face interactions. Both phenomena qualify as markers of a mental viewpoint expressing an (inter)subjective construal of a certain experience. Whereas amplifiers offer a straightforward view onto a speaker’s evaluative stance, comical hypotheticals provide an intersubjective account of a viewpoint construal. As part of their meaning, their use reveals a speaker’s assumption about the interlocutor willing to allow or participate in a particular type of interactional humor. Our research interest for these phenomena concerns their occurrence as well as their interactional alignment in terms of mimicry behavior. In order to capture the impact of both linguistic and psychological variables in the use of these items, we adopt a differentiated methodological approach, which allows to correlate findings from our corpus linguistic analysis with the values obtained for interpersonal difference variables. As our data consists of male dyads of which the participants never met before the beginning of their conversation, we expected to witness an increase, along with the growing familiarity among the interlocutors, in both the use and alignment of these viewpoint phenomena. Indeed, results show a clear increase in the use of both verbal amplifiers and comical hypotheticals over the course of the interaction and independently from the also observed overall increase of communicativeness. However, with respect to the alignment of both viewpoint phenomena, our study reveals a differentiated result. Participants aligned their use of verbal amplifiers with that of their partners over the course of the interaction, but they did not do so for comical hypotheticals. Yet, within the broader discussion of the experiment’s design, this unexpected result may still seem plausible with respect to our general hypothesis. Beyond the limits of this study, the set-up and results of our study nicely connect to recent research on empathy-related behavior in social neuroscience.
100 GHz FMCW Radar Module Based on Broadband Schottky-diode Transceiver
Authors: Jiang Shu , Xu Jinping , Dou Jiangling , Wang Wenbo
Published: July 2017

We report on a W-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar module with fractional bandwidth over 10 %. To improve flatness over large operation bandwidth, the radar module is developed with focus on the 90–101 GHz modular transceiver, for which accurate modeling of Schottky diode in combination with an integrated design method are proposed in this work. Moreover, the nonlinearity compensation approach is introduced to further optimize the range resolution. To verify the design method and RF performance of the radar module, both measurements of critical components and ISAR imaging experiments are performed. The results demonstrate that high resolution in range and azimuth dimensions can be achieved based on the radar module, of which the receiving gain flatness and transmitting power flatness are better than ±1.3 dB and ±0.7 dB over 90~101 GHz, respectively.
Idyll and Emotional Reality at the Dawn of French Romance
Authors: Grigoriu Brîndușa
Published: July 2017

In their attempt to provide a definition of the idyllic genre, readers of the medieval corpus of idyllic romance, from 1913 to our days, have discussed the relevance of such structural data as the lovers’ age and similitude, their readiness to follow a bookish ars amandi or Nature’s call, the patterns of mésalliance, the trials and tribulations of separation, and the notion of a happy end meant to change the face of the world. In order to integrate and synthesize these data, our study proposes a new approach to the idyllic corpus, based on the concept of “emotional reality” and its medieval counterparts.
Experimental and Simulation Analysis of the Successful Production of Heavy-Gauge Steel Plate by the Clad Rolling Process
Authors: Li Juan , Zhao Guanghui , Huang Qingxue , Zhou Cunlong , Zhang Zhanjie , Ma Lifeng
Published: July 2017

Heavy-gauge Q235 steel plate was successfully roll bonded, and this process was simulated using MARC software. The test results revealed that the chosen ultrasonic testing method satisfies Ⅰ level requirements and the mechanical properties of the materials fully meet the necessary standards. There were uniform ferrite+pearlite microstructures and sound bond areas at the bond interface. Simultaneously, fracture analysis revealed ductile fracture. Using EDS analysis, oxide+MnS inclusions were detected in sample indentations. The MARC simulation showed that after the first rolling pass, little equivalent strain occurred at the center of slab. At the third hot rolling pass, the equivalent strain of the center increased to 0.5. When rolling the last pass, the equivalent strain tended to be uniform in the roll gap region.
Identification of Collision Mechanism at Seismogenic Fault Interface Using Finite Element Analysis Involving Plate Bending Applications Using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Dutta P.K. , Mishra O.P.
Published: July 2017

Understanding space-time correlation in equilibrium matrix when force of collision involving earthquake stress strain interaction. The proposed study shows that non-linear dynamics of earthquake behaviour simulated with ant colony optimization in short timescale deformation by analysis of the stiffness matrix and the stress strain interaction process of the rock pattern. An improved ant colony optimization combined with local search is proposed for solving this complex optimization problem of finding trigger zones for earthquake occurrences. The disturbances at trigger basins for any system cause the collapse of a subsystem leading to stress evolution and slip due to strain nucleation. The stress strain network based on redistribution of stress accumulation are discretized into four states of low stress and strain and a finite element model is established to identify vertices for the stress-strain component and edges for global coupling effects have been constructed for dynamic monitoring of stress and strain behaviour at triggering zones. In this paper, an efficient algorithm is developed for the formation of null basis of triangular and rectangular plate bending finite element models, corresponding to highly sparse flexibility matrices. Triggering basins serve as harbingers of large earthquake where stress-strain interactions have been analyzed by the quasi-static mechanics of seismic precursory stress-strain propagation in the crustal lithosphere. The simulation framework shows that with time, spatial triggering points as stress varies from one point to another to identify the external influences for the body forces and the surface forces for geodynamic frameworks.
An ethanolic extract of Desmodium adscendens exhibits antipsychotic-like activity in mice
Authors: Amoateng Patrick , Adjei Samuel , Osei-Safo Dorcas , Kukuia Kennedy K.E. , Karikari Thomas K. , Nyarko Alexander K.
Published: July 2017

Background:

Desmodium adscendens extract (DAE) is used traditionally in Ghana for the management of psychosis. The present study aimed at providing pharmacological evidence for its ethnomedical use by testing the hypothesis that an ethanolic extract of Desmodium adscendens may possess antipsychotic properties.

Methods:

The primary behavioral effects of DAE on the central nervous system of mice were investigated using Irwin’s test paradigm. Novelty-induced and apomorphine-induced locomotor and rearing behaviors in mice were explored in an open-field observational test system. Apomorphine-induced cage climbing test in mice was used as the antipsychotic animal model. The ability of DAE to induce catalepsy and enhance haloperidol-induced catalepsy was also investigated in mice.

Results:

The DAE produced sedation, cholinergic-, and serotonergic-like effects in mice when evaluated using the Irwin’s test. No lethality was observed after 24 h post-treatment. The LD50 in mice was estimated to be greater than 3000 mg/kg. The DAE significantly decreased the frequency of novelty- and apomorphine-induced rearing and locomotor activities in mice. It also significantly lowered the frequency and duration of apomorphine-induced climbing activities in mice. It did not induce any cataleptic event in naïve mice but only significantly enhanced haloperidol-induced catalepsy at a dose of 1000 mg/kg.

Conclusions:

The ethanolic extract of Desmodium adscendens exhibited antipsychotic-like activities in mice. Motor side effects are only likely to develop at higher doses of the extract.
New Developments in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Myocardial Diseases – Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications
Authors: Morariu Mirabela , Bordi Lehel , Opincariu Diana , Ratiu Alexandra Mihaela , Condrea Sebastian , Benedek Annabell , Benedek Theodora
Published: July 2017

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is an evolving imaging method that can be used in cardiovascular pathology evaluation. Technological developments have increased the clinical utility of cardiac magnetic resonance in the exploration of various cardiac abnormalities. The most important imaging techniques and their utility will be presented in this review, together with the advantages and limitations of cardiac magnetic resonance and with a brief presentation of common cardiac disorders that can be assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance including ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies and myocarditis.
Low-Density Carotid Plaques and the Risk of Stroke
Authors: Chițu Monica , Benedek Theodora , Rat Nora , Hodas Roxana , Mester András , Benedek Annabell , Bordi Lehel , Benedek Imre
Published: July 2017

Ischemic stroke is the second cause of death worldwide, and at least a quarter of all ischemic strokes are associated with carotid atherosclerotic disease, the diagnosis of which relies primarily on imaging methods. Traditional risk assessment in carotid atherosclerotic disease has long been based on the measurement of stenosis severity, but there is strong evidence that only stenosis grading falls short in predicting near-future events. Moreover, numerous histopathologic studies gathered increasing evidence that plaque vulnerability depends on its composition and morphology, therefore, the new concept of “vulnerable plaque” analysis is necessary, independent of the carotid narrowing. Follow-up studies concluded that the presence of a large-lipid necrotic core and thin fibrous cap are significantly more likely to result in future ischemic events and thereby are hallmarks for unstable lesions. Under these conditions, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) characterization of specific plaque properties can provide additional information on ischemic stroke risk that are not provided by the simple measurement of luminal stenosis. Therefore, besides the stenosis degree, plaque morphology assessment using noninvasive methods could be useful to identify rupture-prone plaques and may be a suitable prognosis tool that will help improve risk stratification and the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies.
Difficulties of Mobilization and Harvesting of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Heavily Pre-Treated Patients
Authors: Lázár Erzsébet , Köpeczi Judit-Beáta , Kakucs Enikő , Benedek István , Jakab Szende , Pakucs Annamária , Tudor Cezara , Benedek István
Published: July 2017

This study presents a new method of combined growth factor mobilization with increased dose (15 μg/kg) of filgrastim and standard mono dose of plerixafor in subjects with multiple myeloma, Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Efficient mobilization is a key factor in the treatment of this group of patients, because autologous transplantation can be performed in cases in which we succeed to obtain a minimally sufficient number of stem cells. Autologous stem cell transplantation is included in the current standard treatment of multiple myeloma and in the relapsed cases of lymphomas.
Generalized Severe Plaque Psoriasis in an HIV Positive Patient – a Challenging Treatment
Authors: Chiriac Anca , Georgescu Rareș , Brzezinski Piotr , Stolnicu Simona
Published: July 2017

Psoriasis is a systemic chronic immune-mediated disorder, rarely reported in HIV-infected patients, in which the disease is more severe and debilitating. Response to treatment is modest, and skin diseases may profoundly affect the patients’ quality of life. Anti-psoriasis therapies have immunosuppressive effects and must be carefully recommended in HIV-infected patients. Moreover, the compliance of HIV patients diagnosed with psoriasis is low, and monitoring these patients is challenging. Herein we present a rare case of severe HIV-associated psoriasis with large plaques localized on the trunk, abdomen, limbs and plantar area in a non-compliant patient, with impaired renal and hepatic functions, dyslipidemia, and anemia, for whom the therapeutic approach was disappointing.
Imaging Techniques for the Assessment of Coronary Arteries in Diabetic Patients Undergoing PCI with Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds
Authors: Cordunean Alina , Hodas Roxana , Benedek Edvin , Bordi Lehel , Benedek Imre , Benedek Theodora
Published: July 2017

Patients who suffer from diabetes mellitus and present coronary artery disease are at a higher risk of cardiovascular events. The coronary arteries of diabetic patients present a diffuse process of atherosclerosis with frequent distal involvement, being prone to acute cardiovascular events. Diabetics present an increased rate of developing coronary artery remodeling, negative remodeling being representative for this class of patients; this process is characterized by vessel shrinkage and an increased rate of coronary calcium accumulation that is a predictor for cardiovascular risk. Currently, it is desired to improve the treatment of diabetic patients with bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS), because of their reduced risk of restenosis and the ability to restore coronary function, including vasomotion, adaptive shear stress, and expansive remodeling. Optical coherence tomography, intravascular ultrasound and multi-slice computed tomography are imaging techniques used for a high accuracy of diagnosis in coronary artery disease. This manuscript is a review that aims to highlight imaging techniques used for evaluating the functional impact of coronary lesions in diabetic patients who underwent coronary PCI with bioresorbable scaffolds and to describe the functional markers that show the specificity for predicting coronary artery disease.
Digital Dentistry — 3D Printing Applications
Authors: Zaharia Cristian , Gabor Alin-Gabriel , Gavrilovici Andrei , Stan Adrian Tudor , Idorasi Laura , Sinescu Cosmin , Negruțiu Meda-Lavinia
Published: July 2017

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an additive manufacturing method in which a 3D item is formed by laying down successive layers of material. 3D printers are machines that produce representations of objects either planned with a CAD program or scanned with a 3D scanner. Printing is a method for replicating text and pictures, typically with ink on paper. We can print different dental pieces using different methods such as selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and laminated object manufacturing. The materials are certified for printing individual impression trays, orthodontic models, gingiva mask, and different prosthetic objects. The material can reach a flexural strength of more than 80 MPa. 3D printing takes the effectiveness of digital projects to the production phase. Dental laboratories are able to produce crowns, bridges, stone models, and various orthodontic appliances by methods that combine oral scanning, 3D printing, and CAD/CAM design. Modern 3D printing has been used for the development of prototypes for several years, and it has begun to find its use in the world of manufacturing. Digital technology and 3D printing have significantly elevated the rate of success in dental implantology using custom surgical guides and improving the quality and accuracy of dental work.
Digital Dentistry — Digital Impression and CAD/CAM System Applications
Authors: Gabor Alin-Gabriel , Zaharia Cristian , Stan Adrian Tudor , Gavrilovici Andrei Mihai , Negruțiu Meda-Lavinia , Sinescu Cosmin
Published: July 2017

Digital imprint and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) systems offer several benefits compared to traditional techniques. The use of a CAD/CAM system to scan preparations and generate restorations in-office, removes a second appointment for the patient. The existence of precision benefits in using complete systems and chairside scanning systems, has been proven. CAD/CAM restorations have a good longevity and meet the accepted clinical parameters. New digital impression methods are presently accessible, and before long, the long-awaited goal of sparing patients of one the most unpleasant practices in clinical dentistry, acquiring dental impressions, will be exchanged by intraoral digital scanning. CAD/CAM systems existing nowadays, can feed data through accurate digital scans created from plaster models, straight to manufacturing systems that can shape ceramic or resin restorations with no requirement of a physical copy of the prepared, adjacent, and antagonist teeth.
Silver Nanotechnology — the Future in Caries Therapy? A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Idorași Laura , Cîrligeriu Laura , Sinescu Cosmin , Zaharia Cristian , Stan Adrian Tudor , Negruțiu Meda Lavinia
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Dental decays remain the most common and rampant biofilm-dependent oral disorders. Influencing the delicate dynamic between demineralization and remineralization is a big challenge in clinical practice, and nanotechnology is considered a viable solution. The therapeutic management of caries, which includes nanotechnology, has two big approaches, an antibacterial one and a remineralizing one. Silver is recognized to display a powerful toxicity to a large variety of micro-organisms, thus silver-based composites have been widely used in several bactericidal applications.

Case report: We present our attempts and results in using silver nanoparticle solutions on a 14-year-old and a 34-year-old patient with dental decays and no previous dental pain. One of the cases was treated with chlorhexidine 2% and the other with Nanocare Plus, as antimicrobial agents. In both cases we recorded decreased values of the bacterial burden in comparison with the initial values.

Conclusion: This two-case presentation compared the antibacterial effect of two antibacterial solutions, providing useful information regarding novel therapies for dental caries, but further research in this domain is needed.
Application of Balanced Acceptance Sampling to an Intertidal Survey
Authors: Abi Naeimeh , Moradi Mohammad , Salehi Mohammad , Brown Jennifer , Al-Khayat Jassim A. , Moltchanova Elena
Published: July 2017

In ecological studies, the population of interest is often spread over a large area. In these studies, obtaining a sample with good spatial coverage is an important feature in the design of a survey. In most cases adjacent, or neighbouring, units are more similar than units further apart and the resulting spatial autocorrelation should be taken into account.

Two dimensional systematic sampling (grid-based sampling) is one conventional method that has been used in environmental studies to achieve spatial coverage of the area.

Balanced Acceptance Sampling (BAS) is a new method for selecting well spread out sampling units over the study area.

In this paper we will compare the BAS design and two dimensional systematic sampling for selecting samples (quadrats) from a large area, using a case study of a crab species from an intertidal marine zone in Qatar.
Evaluating Global Biodiversity Hotspots – Very Rich and Even More Endangered
Authors: Hrdina Aleš , Romportl Dušan
Published: July 2017

Species on the Earth are under increasing human pressure, according to some authors, the current rate of extinction occurred only a few times in the past, for the last time in the Cretaceous Period in the Mesozoic Era. The main goal of current nature conservation is to maintain the highest native biological diversity and to preserve and enhance life-supporting ecosystem processes, functions and services with the best possible use of financial resources. The areas where can be found the highest concentrations of endemic species and that also face the highest loss of natural habitats are called biodiversity hotspots. Globally, now there are 36 hotspots, covering 2.4 % of the Earth’s land area and harbouring about 50 % of endemic plant species and 42 % of endemic terrestrial vertebrate species in the world. The areas can be compared in terms of species richness, endemism, natural habitat loss or territorial protection and nature conservation can be carried out in the most efficient way. The most important hotspots are Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands and Sundaland.
Friend or foe? First language (L1) in second/foreign language (L2/FL) instruction & Vygotsky
Authors: Channa Liaquat A. , Gilhooly Daniel , Lynn Charles A. , Manan Syed A. , Soomro Niaz Hussain
Published: July 2017

This theoretical review paper investigates the role of first language (L1) in the mainstream scholarship of second/foreign (L2/FL) language education in the context of language learning, teaching, and bilingual education. The term ‘mainstream’ refers here to the scholarship that is not informed by sociocultural theory in general and Vygotskian sociocultural theory in particular. The paper later explains a Vygotskian perspective on the use of L1 in L2/FL language education and discusses how the perspective may help content teachers in (a) employing L1 in teaching L2/FL content and (b) helping L2/FL students to become self-regulative users of the target language.
Technological preferences for teaching-learning a second language in Huichol communities and private high-schools in Mexico
Authors: González Raúl César Romero , Zermeño Marcela Georgina Gómez
Published: July 2017

This research enquires about the Information and Communication Technologies preferences of students, teachers, and school principals in the teaching-learning process of a second language in 9th grade in two settings: Spanish for the Huichol people in a remote rural area and English for a private school in the city. The first case is situated in a rural Huichol community in the high mountain area of Jalisco, Mexico. The second one is located in a wealthy neighborhood in the Western Metropolitan area of Mexico City. A qualitative methodology with a heuristic and ethnographic design to investigate the reality of the daily use of technologies in both contexts for learning a second language. The instruments were the participant observation and in-depth interviews. Among the key findings are: (a) the participants tend to favor the use of technology for second language learning, (b) the bandwidth and the speed of the Internet is crucial to strengthen the immersion into the culture of a second language, (c) Educational communities support electronic enquiring, (d) there are similarities in the preferred search engines between the two populations, (e) the equity of education is hindered by school desertions, and (f) educational innovation requires that similar investigations take place to foster a full performance in the society of knowledge.
Metadiscourse in persuasive essays by elementary students in South Korea and the US
Authors: Kim Il-Hee
Published: July 2017

This study investigated metadiscourse in the persuasive essays of fourth graders from both urban and rural communities: 224 students in South Korea and 188 in the US. Each student was asked to write a persuasive essay in his or her native Korean or English in response to a story not previously read or discussed. Analysis with a taxonomy developed by Hyland (2004) indicated significant differences in the metadiscourse by country. In terms of interactive metadiscourse, South Korean students used more sentence-level transitions than U.S. students, who used more frame markers and endophoric markers. With regard to interactional metadiscourse, U.S. students used more hedges, boosters, engagement markers, and self-mentions in their essays. This study also compared the students′ essays by the type of community in which the writers lived. In the US the essays of students in rural communities contained more hedges, whereas those of students in urban areas included significantly more self-mentions. In South Korea, no significant difference was detected in the metadiscourse of students living in rural and urban areas.
Vincent Šikula: a story and fairy-tale narrator
Authors: Vitézová Eva
Published: July 2017

Vincent Šikula entered (also) children’s literature in the 1960s, i.e. during the years when crucial works of Slovak children’s literature were published. His works are interesting for children even nowadays because they are built on story-telling, interesting language, and, very often, quick action. Šikula’s poetics is based on not underestimating children. He did not determine in advance for whom his books are intended, since, in his opinion, they were appropriated by those whom they suited most. The paper discusses Šikula’s stories and fairy-tales with regard to the authorial narrative strategies.
The Cost-Effective Laboratory: Implementation of Economic Evaluation of Laboratory Testing
Authors: Bogavac-Stanojevic Natasa , Jelic-Ivanovic Zorana
Published: July 2017

Laboratory testing as a part of laboratoryin vitrodiagnostic (IVD) has become required tool in clinical practice for diagnosing, monitoring and prognosis of diseases, as well as for prediction of treatment response. The number of IVD tests available in laboratory practice has increased over the past decades and is likely to further increase in the future. Consequently, there is growing concern about the overutilization of laboratory tests and rising costs for laboratory testing. It is estimated that IVD accounts for between 1.4 and 2.3% of total healthcare expenditure and less than 5% of total hospital cost (Lewin Group report). These costs are rather low when compared to pharmaceuticals and medical aids which account for 15 and 5%, respectively. On the other hand, IVD tests play an important role in clinical practice, as they influence from 60% to 70% of clinical decision-making. Unfortunately, constant increases in healthcare spending are not directly related to healthcare benefit. Since healthcare resources are limited, health payers are interested whether the benefits of IVD tests are actually worth their cost. Many articles have introduced frameworks to assess the economic value of IVD tests. The most appropriate tool for quantitative assessment of their economic value is cost-effectiveness (CEA) and cost-utility (CUA) analysis. The both analysis determine cost in terms of effectiveness or utilities (combine quantity and quality of life) of new laboratory test against its alternative. On the other hand, some investigators recommended calculation of laboratory test value as product of two ratios: Laboratory test value = (Technical accuracy/Turnaround time) × (Utility/Costs). Recently, some researches used multicriteria decision analysis which allows comparison of diagnostic strategies in terms of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks. All analyses are constructed to identify laboratory test that produce the greatest healthcare benefit with the resources available. Without solid evidence that certain laboratory tests are cost-effective, laboratory services cannot be improved. Consequently, simple policy measures such as cost cutting may be imposed upon many laboratories while patients will have limited access to laboratory service.
Law and Development as a Field of Study: Connecting Law with Development
Authors: de Moerloose Stéphanie
Published: July 2017

This article introduces a series of papers prepared for the “2016 Law and Development Conference: From the Global South Perspectives,” held in Buenos Aires, Argentina and co-sponsored by Universidad Austral, the Law and Development Institute and the Inter-American Development Bank’s Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean (INTAL). The introduction aims to show one of the major contributions from the law and development field of study: scholars reveal the frequent disconnection between law and development; then, by uncovering contextual factors and proposing innovative solutions, they reconnect law with development. This provides an important support for the adoption of national development policies and the implementation of international development projects. Over forty years after the seminal paper by Trubek and Galanter,
Elliptic operators on refined Sobolev scales on vector bundles
Authors: Zinchenko Tetiana
Published: July 2017

We introduce a refined Sobolev scale on a vector bundle over a closed infinitely smooth manifold. This scale consists of inner product Hörmander spaces parametrized with a real number and a function varying slowly at infinity in the sense of Karamata. We prove that these spaces are obtained by the interpolation with a function parameter between inner product Sobolev spaces. An arbitrary classical elliptic pseudodifferential operator acting between vector bundles of the same rank is investigated on this scale. We prove that this operator is bounded and Fredholm on pairs of appropriate Hörmander spaces. We also prove that the solutions to the corresponding elliptic equation satisfy a certain a priori estimate on these spaces. The local regularity of these solutions is investigated on the refined Sobolev scale. We find new sufficient conditions for the solutions to have continuous derivatives of a given order.
Extensions and improvements of Sherman’s and related inequalities for n-convex functions
Authors: Bradanović Slavica Ivelić , Pečarić Josip
Published: July 2017

This paper gives extensions and improvements of Sherman’s inequality forn-convex functions obtained by using new identities which involve Green’s functions and Fink’s identity. Moreover, extensions and improvements of Majorization inequality as well as Jensen’s inequality are obtained as direct consequences. New inequalities between geometric, logarithmic and arithmetic means are also established.
Dynamics of multivalued linear operators
Authors: Chen Chung-Chuan , Conejero J. Alberto , Kostić Marko , Murillo-Arcila Marina
Published: July 2017

We introduce several notions of linear dynamics for multivalued linear operators (MLO’s) between separable Fréchet spaces, such as hypercyclicity, topological transitivity, topologically mixing property, and Devaney chaos. We also consider the case of disjointness, in which any of these properties are simultaneously satisfied by several operators. We revisit some sufficient well-known computable criteria for determining those properties. The analysis of the dynamics of extensions of linear operators to MLO’s is also considered.
Only finitely many Tribonacci Diophantine triples exist
Authors: Fuchs Clemens , Hutle Christoph , Irmak Nurettin , Luca Florian , Szalay László
Published: July 2017

Diophantine triples taking values in recurrence sequences have recently been studied quite a lot. In particular the question was raised whether or not there are finitely many Diophantine triples in the Tribonacci sequence. We answer this question here in the affirmative. We prove that there are only finitely many triples of integers 1 ≤ u < v < w such that uv + 1, uw + 1, vw + 1 are Tribonacci numbers. The proof depends on the Subspace theorem.
Stability results for fractional differential equations with state-dependent delay and not instantaneous impulses
Authors: Abbas Saïd , Benchohra Mouffak
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we shall present some uniqueness and Ulam’s type stability concepts for the Darboux problem of partial functional differential equations with not instantaneous impulses and state-dependent delay in Banach spaces. Some examples are also provided to illustrate our results.
Positive solutions of perturbed nonlinear hammerstein integral equation
Authors: Sikorska-Nowak Aneta , Zima Mirosława
Published: July 2017

We discuss the existence of positive solutions for the nonlinear perturbation of Hammerstein integral equation. The technique we use is based on the fixed point theorem of Leggett-Williams type for strict set contractions. We conclude the paper by providing some examples that illustrate our claim.
The super socle of the ring of continuous functions
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Sahar , Karamzadeh Omid A. S. , Namdari Mehrdad
Published: July 2017

We introduce and study the concept of the super socle of C(X), denoted by SCF
(X) (i.e., the set of elements of C(X), which are zero everywhere except on a countable number of points of X). Using this concept we extend some of the basic results concerning CF
(X), the socle of C(X), to SCF
(X). In particular, we determine spaces X such that CF
(X) and SCF
(X) coincide. Spaces X such that Ann(SCF
(X)) is generated by an idempotent are fully characterized. It is shown that SCF
(X) is an essential ideal in C(X) if and only if the set of countably isolated points (i.e., points with countable neighborhoods) of X is dense in X. The one-point Lindelöffication of uncountable discrete spaces is algebraically characterized via the concept of the super socle. Consequently, it is observed that whenever Ox
⊆ SCF
(X) and SCF
(X) is a regular ideal (von Neumann), then X is either a countable discrete space or the one-point Lindelöffication of an uncountable discrete space. Consequently, in this case SCF
(X) is a prime ideal in C(X) (note, CF
(X) is never prime C(X))
Finiteness of the discrete spectrum in a three-body system with point interaction
Authors: Yoshitomi Kazushi
Published: July 2017

In this paper we are concerned with a three-body system with point interaction, which is called the Ter-Martirosian–Skornyakov extension. We locate the bottom of the essential spectrum of that system and establish the finiteness of the discrete spectrum below the bottom. Our work here refines the result of [MINLOS, R. A.: On point-like interaction between n fermions and another particle, Mosc. Math. J. 11 (2011), 113–127], where the semi-boundedness of the operator is obtained.