bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing anxiety and depression symptoms in children who do and do not stammer
Authors: Bernard Ria , Griffiths Sarah Louise , Norbury Courtenay
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Children who stammer may be at increased risk of anxiety compared to non-stammering peers. Although anxiety and depression commonly co-occur, there are few studies evaluating the association between childhood stammering and depression symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether children who do and do not stammer differ significantly in anxiety and depression symptoms, and the extent to which this association may vary depending on age and on the respondent. Methods: Forty-six children who stammer (8 – 15 years) and 46 children who do not stammer (10 – 14 years) and their parents, completed the Revised Children’s Anxiety & Depression Scale (RCADS-25). To determine whether groups differed significantly on anxiety and depression subscale scores, multiple regression models were fitted to the data, accounting for group differences in age and socio-economic status (SES). Intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated to assess parent-child agreement on each subscale.Results: Self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms increased with age in the stammering group but not in the comparison group. After accounting for age and SES, parents reported significantly higher anxiety, but not depression, symptoms for children who stammer. However, very few participants scored above clinical threshold on either subscale. Good agreement was found between parent- and child-reported symptom scores for the stammering group. Comparison of two community samples found no differences in likelihood of scoring above clinical threshold for anxiety or depression.Conclusion: Children who stammer may experience increasing anxiety and depression symptoms with age, although these findings need replication in larger, longitudinal studies. These findings underline the need for further research into internalising symptoms in children who stammer across development, and consideration of factors that may be associated with elevated risk for this population.
आगन्तुक खँगोः
Authors: श्रेष्ठ Shrestha राजित बहादुर Rajit Bahadur
Published: August 2022

नेपालभाषा लिच्छविकालसिबें न्ह्यः हे प्रचलनय्‌ वय्‌‌धुंकल । थुकिया दसुकथं लिच्छविकालीन अभिलेखय्‌ गैरसंस्कृत खँगोःत थौंतक नेपालभाषाय्‌ छेलाचोंगुयात काय्‌‌छिं । नेपाःया प्रशासनिक ज्याखँय्‌ लिच्छविकालनिसें थीथी कालखण्डय्‌ संस्कृत, मैथिली व खसभाषाया विशेष भूमिका दु । उकिं नेपालभाषाय्‌ थुकिया प्रत्यक्ष वा अप्रत्यक्ष प्रभाव लाइगु स्वाभाविक खः । आधुनिक इलय्‌ जुयाचोंगु वैज्ञानिक आविष्कार, शिक्षा, संचारया तिव्र विकास व आन्तरिक तथा पर्यटकीय व्यवसायं नं नेपालभाषाय्‌ प्रभाव लाकाचोंगु दु ।
Archives and New Modes of Feminist Research. Edited by Maryanne Dever. [Review]
Authors: Carter Kristen Strigel
Published: August 2022

Originally published as a special issue for Australian Feminist Studies (volume 32, March–June 2017), this collection of writings poses a direct and thoughtful response to emerging discourse on feminist archives. It emphasizes community-focused, distributed, decolonized, and postcustodial archival approaches for many interdisciplinary and community uses and for community self-representation. Editor Maryanne Dever spends little time recounting the basic tenets of feminism or of archives and instead brings the reader directly into the challenge of the moment—interrogating the how and why of disruptive feminist advocacy and of practices that could crack open archival futures. Presented as 12 chapters by 17 contributors, it reads first and foremost as a work targeted at an interdisciplinary scholarly audience newly engaging with archival theory. First published in 2017, the writings, of course, predate the pandemic, #MeToo, #BLM, and the broader 2020 movement for racial and social justice and so only indirectly call for antiracism, reparative practices, and digital access equity. Nevertheless, in many ways, they presage those clarion calls by insisting the larger academic world must better engage with archival theory for a more just, equitable, inclusive, feminist future.
Practical Quantitative Scanning Microwave Impedance Microscopy
Authors: Dixon-Warren St.J. , Drevniok B.
Published: August 2022

Scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM) is an electrical measurement technique that can be used to determine dopant profiles in semiconductor devices. This article describes the basic setup and implementation of the method and demonstrates its use in the cross-sectional analysis of NMOS power transistors.
Failure Analysis of DC/DC Converters: A Case Study
Authors: Dhennin Jérémie
Published: August 2022

In this case study, the author describes the investigation of a defective DC-DC converter retrieved from an aircraft following the report of abnormal system behavior. Electrical testing, local probing, X-ray imaging, and cross-sectional analysis led to the discovery of cracks on several pins and in some of the solder material. The cracks were caused by different rates of thermal expansion and were remedied with the help of thermomechanical analysis, EBSD imaging, and phase map comparisons for thick and thin solder joints.
Product Circuit Validation and Failure Debug: A Semiconductor Foundry Can Help
Authors: Susanto Edy , Goh S.H. , Manlangit Edmund C. , Lam Jeffrey
Published: August 2022

Faster time-to-production of a new product is the common goal of design houses and foundries. This article demonstrates how foundries can contribute through post silicon validation, which allows design houses to focus on more complicated issues.
Failure Mechanisms of Electromechanical Relays on PCBAs: Part II
Authors: Vogel Gert
Published: August 2022

This is the second article in a two-part series on the causes of failure in electromechanical relays. Part I, in the February 2018 issue of EDFA, examines a variety of failures caused by the formation of oxide on contact surfaces. As the author explains, electric arcing in the presence of silicon oil or vapor creates SiO2 deposits in the contact region that build up over time. Here in Part II, the author presents examples of failures caused by nitrous gases, phosphoric acid crystals, and wax, which is often found on enameled copper wires.
Diagnostic Technique Selection for SRAM Logic Type Failures
Authors: Song Zhigang , Safran Laura
Published: August 2022

Selecting a fault isolation technique for a particular type of SRAM logic failure requires an understanding of available methods. In this article, the authors review common fault isolation techniques and present several case studies, explaining how they determined which technique to use.
Locating Failures in Current Device Nodes: EBIC/EBAC, Current Imaging, and Nanoprobing
Authors: Kleindiek Stephan , Ring Rosalinda , Schock Klaus , Rummel Andreas , Zschornack Michael , Limbecker Pascal , Meyer Andreas , Newkirk Randy , Davidson Kevin , Kemmler Matthias
Published: August 2022

Advances in IC technology have made failure site localization extremely challenging. Through a series of case studies, the authors of this article show how such challenges can be overcome using EBIC/EBAC, current imaging, and nanoprobing. The cases involve a wide range of issues, including resistor chain defects, substrate leakage, microcracking, micro contamination, and open failures due to copper plating problems and missing vias.
Failure Anamnesis: The System Challenge in FA and Reliability
Authors: Jacob Peter
Published: August 2022

This column presents a detailed flowchart for failure analysis.
Ensuring Advanced Semiconductor Device Reliability using FA and Submicron Defect Detection
Authors: Gray Dusty , Kendig Dustin , Tay Andrew A.O. , Shakouri Ali
Published: August 2022

A noninvasive thermal imaging approach based on the thermoreflectance principle is proposed for analyzing advanced semiconductor devices. Several examples illustrate the value of this approach in detecting thermal anomalies and defects missed by other techniques.
The Power of IC Reverse Engineering for Hardware Trust and Assurance
Authors: Ganji Fatemeh , Forte Domenic , Asadizanjani Navid , Tehranipoor Mark , Woodward Damon
Published: August 2022

Integrated circuits embedded in everyday devices face an increased risk of tampering and intrusion. In this article, the authors explain how reverse engineering techniques, including automated image analysis, can be employed to provide trust and assurance when dealing with commercial off-the-shelf chips.
Device Reliability Challenges in Advanced FinFET Technology
Authors: Wan Xinggong
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the effect of hot carrier injection, bias temperature instability, and time-dependent dielectric breakdown on FinFET performance and reliability.
Finding Shorted Components on Printed Circuit Boards by Infrared-Based Direct Current Injection Method
Authors: Zhu Zhifeng , Morris Garron K.
Published: August 2022

This article explains how to find shorted components on PCB assemblies using infrared-based direct current injection, a nondestructive method that has several advantages over magnetic microscopy and voltage drop measurement techniques. An application example involving a power board failure is also provided.
State-of-the-Art High-Resolution 3D X-ray Microscopy for Imaging of Integrated Circuits
Authors: Holler Mirko , Guizar-Sicairos Manuel , Raabe Jörg
Published: August 2022

X-ray ptychography, as recent studies show, has the potential to bridge the gap that currently exists between conventional X-ray imaging and electron microscopy. This article covers the evolution of the technology from basic 2D imaging to computed tomography to 3D ptychographic X-ray laminography (PyXL) with zoom. To demonstrate the capabilities of PyXL, a 16-nm FinFET logic IC was mechanically polished to a thickness of 20 µm and several regions were imaged at various levels of resolution.
The EDFAS FA Technology Roadmap: A Path to the Future
Authors: Serrels Keith
Published: August 2022

This column discusses past, present, and future activities associated with the development of the EDFAS FA Technology Roadmap.
Challenges for System Supplier Failure Analysis on Subsystem Components
Authors: Deng Xuming , Huang Weidong , Yu Changhong , Wu Xiongjian , Xu Yang , Zhao Xiaole , Gu Qing
Published: August 2022

The failure of a white LED backlight module in a portable computer illustrates the challenges that component and system suppliers must overcome in order to determine root-cause failure mechanisms and take corrective actions that address the problem.
الحراك الجزائري: سرديات وسرديات مضادة
Authors: بن عنتر عبد النور
Published: August 2022

نُشر العديد من الأدبيات، خاصة بالفرنسية، حول الحراك الشعبي في الجزائر. ولمواصلة النقاش وتجديده وتعميقه حول هذا الحدث التاريخي بمناسبة ذكراه الثالثة، تكرس له سياسات عربية عددًا خاصًا تبحث فيه في بعض الإشكاليات المركزية التي أثارها/ يثيرها. يستند هذا العدد إلى فكرة أساسية فحواها أن هذا الأخير كان مسرحًا لصراع سرديات وسرديات مضادة، والتي ترمي المقالات التي تضمّنها إلى تحليلها وتفكيكها لتفسير وفهم المعاني والتأويلات البينذاتية التي تقوم عليها والرهانات السياسية الكامنة وراءها، من خلال مقاربات مختلفة لكنها متكاملة. يتضمن هذا العدد الخاص خمس دراسات. تبحث الأولى في تحولات ومعض ات سياسة الجزائر الأمنية في سياق إقليمي مضطرب وحراك داخلي، وتحلل الثانية توظيف التاريخ والهوية في خضم الحراك، وتعالج الثالثة موضوع الاقتصاد السياسي للانتقال الديمقراطي، وتناقش الرابعة دور العامل الخارجي، أما الخامسة والأخيرة، وهي دراسة مترجمة، فتبحث في الحراك الجزائري في المهجر وتحديدًا بفرنسا.
The Students’ ICT Skills in Producing Infographic Media and Video: Guidance and Counselling E-Project Tasks
Authors: Kurniawan Dydik , Wahyuningsih Tri
Published: August 2022

The study sees, there is still a lack of student ICT skills in producing a multimedia platform to support guidance  and counselling services. This mixed method aimed to analyze the ICT skills of students from the department dept. of Guidance  and Counselling in producing interesting, effective, and efficient infographic media and video as well as evaluation materials for lecturers in correcting the shortcomings of the lecture process. Using saturated total sampling technique of 76 students’ from class of 2020 this present study focuses on Infographic Design, Video, and Material. Data collection were based in the form of documentation include e-infographic project tasks, video tasks, infographic assessment sheets, and video assessment sheets which analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of average values and percentages, which are then converted to qualitative data. The results of the assessment obtained for infographic design (3.53 ), materials in the appropriate category (3.78), and for video (4.00).  Media that has been created by students in the form of Infographics and videos provides one of the solutions in providing guidance  and counselling services during the Covid-19 pandemic or in the new normal situation. Therefore this study highlighted the excellence in-making skills of students or candidates for Guidance  and counseling  of Mulawarman University in creating infographic media and videos are very important in  supporting and providing guidance  and counselling services as their career path in the future.
On the Gender of Old Spanish Árbol and Gender Change vs. Gender Maintenance of Latin Arbo˘r in the Romance Languages
Authors: Rini Joel
Published: August 2022

A lo largo de la historia del español, varios sustantivos han vacilado entre un género y otro, por ejemplo, amor, honor, calor, y color, mientras que otros han cambiado de género por completo, por ejemplo, labor y sal cambiaron de masculino
a femenino, mientras que árbol, origen y valle cambiaron de femenino a masculino, y arte cambió de femenino a masculino solo en singular. El presente artículo tratará el sustantivo español árbol y: (1) mostrará el
grado en que árbol apareció como masculino y femenino tanto en singular como en plural en español antiguo y cuándo el cambio a masculino fue completo tanto en singular como en plural; (2) considerará las diversas hipótesis que se han propuesto
para explicar este cambio; y (3) analizará las formas del Lat. ARBO˘R en algunas lenguas románicas dentro de un contexto morfosintáctico y revelará cómo la estructura de estos sintagmas explica el cambio o mantenimiento de género en cada caso.
Anti-inflammatory effects of hydrophobic constituents in the extract of the root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa
Authors: Sato Tatsuki , Shirako Saki , Okuyama Tetsuya , Ikeya Yukinobu , Nishizawa Mikio
Published: August 2022

Background: The root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Paeoniaceae), which is also called moutan bark, is known as Botanpi in Japan. This crude drug has been used in several Kampo formulas, such as Daiobotanpito, to treat menstrual disturbance and constipation by improving blood stasis and suppressing inflammation. However, the anti-inflammatory effect has not been well studied.Objective: To clarify the anti-inflammatory effects of moutan bark, we isolated its constituents and investigated their activity.Methods: Moutan bark was extracted and successively fractionated with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol. The constituents were analyzed using HPLC. The production of nitric oxide (NO), an inflammatory mediator, was measured in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated rat hepatocytes to identify active fractions or constituents.Results: The EtOAc-soluble fraction of moutan bark extract significantly inhibited NO production. Three hydrophobic constituents were isolated from this fraction and identified as paeonol (1), 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG; 2), and methyl gallate (3). Paeonol and paeoniflorin (4) were abundantly present in the EtOAc-soluble fraction and n-butanol-soluble fraction, respectively. The hydrophobic constituents suppressed NO production without exerting cytotoxicity and reduced the protein and mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase in IL-1β-treated hepatocytes; β-PGG showed the highest potency. Furthermore, β-PGG, methyl gallate, and paeonol decreased the mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor α and IL-1 receptor type 1, which are involved in inflammation.Conclusion: These results suggest that hydrophobic constituents of moutan bark, such as β-PGG, methyl gallate, and paeonol, are involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of moutan bark.Keywords: Galloylglucose, tannin, nitric oxide, Kampo medicine, cytokine.
KENDALA PENERAPAN PENERAPAN SYARAT SAHNYA PERJANJIAN MENURUT PASAL 1320 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PERDATA
Authors: Mutia Dwi Wibowo  , Yudhi Widyo Armono  , Ashinta Sekar Bidari
Published: August 2022

Dengan seiring berjalannya waktu semakin lama semakin pesat perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi informasi (IPTEK) saat ini, berpengaruh besar dalam perubahan perilaku dan hukum dalam masyarakat. Memajukan kehidupan masyarakat modern terhadap teknologi merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan dan kemajuan dalam pembangunan di dalam sebuah negara. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang perkembangan teknologinya saat ini sedang berkembang dengan pesat termasuk di bidang ilmu pengetahuan, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya, meskipun pesatnya tidak seperti sepesat di negara maju. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Penerapan Syarat Sahnya Perjanjian Menurut Pasal 1320 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online Via Tokopedia di Akademi Bisnis Digital Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian empiris. Teknik analisis data adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dan analisa data dapat disimpulkan bahwaBerdasarkan Pasal 1320 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata), suatu perjanjian dianggap sah apabila memenuhi 4 syarat berikut : a. kesepakatan kedua belah pihak, b. kecakapan bertindak, c. adanya objek perjanjian, d. Adanya sebab yang Halal (Geoorloofde Oorzaak).
PERCERAIAN PADA PERKAWINANUSIA DINI DI PENGADILAN AGAMA KARANGANYAR STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 210/PDT.G/2021/PA.KRA
Authors: Pringgo Pringgo Dwi Kurniawan , Sumarwoto  , Putri Maha Dewi
Published: August 2022

Tujuan ini adalahmengetahui tentang Penerapan Hukum dan bagaimana dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan perceraianusia dini pada Putusan Nomor 210/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Kra. Hasil Penelitian bahwa penerapan hukum yang digunakan Pasal 19 huruf (f) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 9 tahun 1975 jo Pasal 116 huruf (f) Kompilasi Hukum Islam yang berbunyi : “Antara suami dan istri terus menerus terjadi perselisihan dan pertengkaran dan tidak ada harapan akan hidup rukun lagi dalam rumah tangga.” Dan sebagai pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan perkara Nomor 210/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Kra dengan jenis putusan vertek, karena pihak tergugat tidak hadir dalam persidangan. Metodejenis penelitian Hukum Normatif ,penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka atau data sekunderdengan cara mengumpulkan, menyusun, mengklarifikasi serta menganalisa data yang diperoleh dengan wawancara dan observasi guna memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi. Teknik analisis data berupa analisis deskriptif kualitatifyaitu dinyatakan oleh responden secara tertulis atau lisan serta juga tingkah laku yang nyata, dan dipelajari sebagai sesuatu yang utuh.Kesimpulan;permasalahan ekonomi menjadi hal utama dalam kasus dan dari pihak penggugat yang masih berusia dini belum siap dengan keaadan tersebut sehingga memutukan untuk bercerai dengan umur pernikahan belum genap satu tahun.
ANALISIS YURIDIS KEDUDUKAN HAK WARIS BAGI ANAK LUAR NIKAH MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Muhammad Fikri Wardhana  , Mohamad Rafi'ie
Published: August 2022

Di dalam hukum perdata pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang – Undang Perkawinan dijelaskan bahwa anak diluar nikah hanya memiliki hubungan perdata dengan pihak ibunya dan keluarga ibunya sedangkan hubungan antara sang anak di luar nikah dengan pihak ayah biologisnya dan keluarga dari ayah biologisnya dianggap tidak ada sehingga sehingga hukum waris tidak berlaku di antara keduanya , kemudian UU ini dijudicial review oleh Machicha Mokhtar sehingga keluarlah putusan 17 Februari 2012 yang menyatakan anak yang lahir di luar perkawinan mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ibunya dan keluarga ibunya serta dengan laki-laki sebagai ayahnya yang dapat dibuktikan melalui ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi . Pada paasal 186 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) menyebutkan: Anak yang lahir diluar perkawinan hanya mempunyai hubungan saling mewarisi dengan ibunya dan keluarga dari pihak ibunya sedangkan dalam Islam, apabila seseorang telah terang ada hubungan darahnya dengan ibu dan ayahnya , maka dia mewarisi ibu dan ayahnya begitu juga ibu dan ayahnya juga mewarisinya selama tak ada suatu penghalang pusaka dan selama syarat-syarat pusaka telah cukup sempurna, dan tak dapat seseorang dipandang mempunyai hubungan darah dengan ibu saja tanpa dipandang ayah ..Pasal 100 KHI memuat rumusan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan Pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Perkawinan, di mana anak luar kawin hanya memiliki hubungan nasab dengan ibu dan keluarga ibunya. Walaupun secara hukum keperdataan Islam anak luar nikah tidak memiliki hubungan nasab dengan bapak biologisnya, bukan berarti bapak biologis secara kemanusiaan tidak memiliki tanggung jawab kepada anak yang dilahirkan hasil dari benihnya.
Science and the Green Revolution in the Brazilian Amazon: The Establishment of Embrapa during of the Civilian-Military Dictatorship and the Emergence of Environmental Movements (1972-1991)
Authors: Silva e Mello Vanessa Pereira da , Sá Dominichi Miranda de
Published: August 2022

The Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation), known by the acronym Embrapa, was established in 1972 under Brazil’s civilian-military dictatorship with the purpose of fostering agricultural modernization through the incorporation of the Green Revolution’s technology package, which included reliance on chemical inputs and high-yielding hybrid seeds and the mechanization of production. This article explores the context in which the agency was established and its scientific research agenda for Brazilian agriculture, while also examining both the influence of emerging environmentalist movements on discussions of the economic exploitation of the Amazon as well as the agency’s profile during the period of redemocratization in Brazil. The focus of our analysis is on the agency branch known as the Humid Tropics Agricultural Research Center (Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Úmido, or CPATU), which opened in Belém, Pará, in 1975. The text follows the path of the CPATU through 1991, when it became the Eastern Amazon Agroforestry Research Center (Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal da Amazônia Oriental), now Embrapa Eastern Amazon (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental).
““A National Calamity”: Locust Eradication Efforts in Argentina, ca. 1890-1920
Authors: McQuilkin Christopher
Published: August 2022

A fines del siglo XIX, el gobierno nacional de Argentina inició un programa de combatir las invasiones de langosta que habían afligido el país y amenazado su riqueza agrícola. Este programa alzó cuestiones importantes sobre la autoridad del estado nacional y la de las provincias. La oposición en el congreso caracterizó el proyecto como una intrusión inconstitucional al poder y la autoridad de las provincias. Sin embargo, con la legislación de 1897 se creó una red de comisiones dedicados a la extinción de la langosta. Esta legislación y el programa que inició revelaron un intento por parte del gobierno nacional no sólo de proteger la prosperidad económica de la nación, sino de inculcar en los agricultores de las provincias y territorios un sentimiento de identidad nacional. La búsqueda por una “zona permanente” o “zona invernada” en el norte del país, donde se suponía que las langostas vivieran durante el invierno, también representó una oportunidad de integrar el recién conquistado Chaco Austral a la nación.
Uma Agenda de Investigação nas Humanidades Azuis: Exploração dos Ambientes Aquáticos e os 4 Oceanos em Épocas Pré-Industrialização
Authors: Brito Cristina
Published: August 2022

Como podemos contar uma história humana num mundo mais-do-que-humano? Como se percebem as influências e consequências para pessoas e sociedades do mundo natural e físico que as envolve e do qual dependem para sobreviver, sem esquecer os vários agenciamentos envolvidos e interligados? E como o fazemos no mundo líquido, fluído, azul e profundo dos oceanos e águas costeiras do planeta? A problemática é histórica, mas reflete-se também na atualidade e futuro das sociedades humanas e sua relação e dependência dos ecossistemas e recursos dos mares e oceanos. Nesta nota científica  abordo o valor das humanidades para o conhecimento histórico dos oceanos e o seu contributo para aumentar a literacia para os oceanos. Uso o caso de estudo da história natural e exploração de manatins com vista a perceber áreas de distribuição no passado e apresento o projeto interdisciplinar e colaborativo ‘4-Oceans’ e sua agenda de investigação. Para tal, revejo brevemente a história ambiental de manatins e pessoas no Atlântico da época moderna e refiro-me à importância de considerar os seres humanos como agentes ecológicos e outras espécies animais como co-construtores das narrativas históricas.
An Analytical Study of Administrative Deviations (Functional and Field Guidance) For Volleyball Coaches in Iraq from the Players’ Point of View
Authors: Shehab Shehab Ghalib , AbdulHasan Mayson AbdulJalel , Zaalan Mahdi Salih
Published: August 2022

The study was concerned with functional deviation and field guidance, which does not use administrative and leadership positions correctly, and their decisions come unlike the public and private interest and come negatively at the level of the players. The study aimed to measure volleyball coaches' administrative and guiding administrative deviation and determine the standard levels of job administrative deviation and thereby the guidance for volleyball coaches. The research problem came with a weakness of the administrative cadres working in the sports sector and the administrator of the volleyball game and increased administrative deviations and field guidance among members of the Central Volleyball Federation. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method due to its suitability for the current nature of the study. The research sample community was chosen by volleyball players from the Premier League clubs (Elite), and the number (114) players by (8) teams, and the research sample was chosen in a random way. The overall sample was divided into two parts, the first was the building sample, with numbered (27) players, and the second section is to the application sample, which numbered (81) players. The conclusions were released, the most important of which was the presence of differences in the levels of functional deviation and field guidance.
КОНСТИТУЦИЯ СССР 1936 ГОДА: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ И РОЛЬ В ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЕ СОВЕТСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА
Authors: Бредихин Алексей
Published: August 2022

В статье анализируется Конституция СССР 1936 г. как памятник права, уделяется внимание порядку ее принятия, основным положениям, а также связи с реальными политическими процессами, происходившими в Советском государстве. Отдельно рассматривается связь Конституции СССР 1936 г. с политическими репрессиями того времени, приводятся научные позиции по этому вопросу. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что не совсем корректно искать основания сталинских репрессий в Конституции СССР 1936 г.
ANALISIS SEGMENTASI PELANGGAN BANK BERDASARKAN PENGAMBILAN KREDIT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS CLUSTERING
Authors: Ahsina Nuril , Fatimah Fety , Rachmawati Fitria
Published: August 2022

Untuk mengoptimalkan pembiayaan suatu perusahaan, analisis segmentasi pelanggan ditujukan agar penawaran pembiayaan tepat sasaran. Segmentasi pelanggan sering kali menggunakan algoritma K-means Clustering sebagai metode untuk membantu dalam pengelompokan menjadi beberapa klaster sehingga mendapatkan visualisasi data yang signifikan hasilnya. Algoritma K-means Clustering merupakan salah satu dari teknik data mining yang dapat membagi data dalam suatu himpunan ke dalam beberapa kelompok yang mana kesamaan data dalam suatu kelompok lebih besar dibandingkan kesamaan data tersebut dengan data dalam kelompok lain. Penentuan jumlah cluster terbaik bisa dilakukan berdasarkan metode elbow. Berdasarkan metode elbow 4 cluster adalah cluster terbaik dari semua kemungkinan cluster. Hasil dari k-means clustering dari 1000 data yang ada didapat jumlah dari cluster 1 dengan jumlah 286 nasabah dengan presentase 28,6% , cluster 2 dengan jumlah 130 nasabah dengan presentase 13%, cluster 3 dengan jumlah terbesar yaitu 542 nasabah dengan presentase 54,2% , dan cluster 4 memiliki jumlah sebaran terendah yaitu 42 nasabah dengan presentase 4,2% dari total keseluruhan data.
Diversidad de aves en un bosque urbano en regeneración del Centro Regional Universitario de Azuero, Panamá
Authors: Camarena Félix , Villalaz Virgilio , Pimentel Gumercindo , Barría José
Published: August 2022

El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar la diversidad de aves presentes en un fragmento de bosque urbano y en regeneración, con un área de 27 839 m2, ubicado en el Centro Regional Universitario de Azuero (CRUA), Universidad de Panamá. Se realizaron cuatro visitas al sitio de estudio durante abril y mayo del 2019, en donde utilizamos las técnicas de conteo por observación directa y reconocimiento auditivo; se respaldaron los avistamientos por comparación con las guías de campo de aves de Panamá, bases de datos electrónicas y aplicaciones móviles. Se reporta un total de 360 individuos, una riqueza específica de 37 especies de aves, un índice de Simpson de 0,93 y un índice de Shannon de 2,9. El mirlo pardo, Turdus grayi, fue la especie más abundante, con 52 individuos reportados. El carpintero coronirrojo, Melanerpes rubricapillus, fue la única especie presente en todos los monitoreos. Finalmente, se registró un total de cinco especies de aves migratorias reportadas en el mes de abril, de esta manera, se formula el primer estudio de aves para este parche boscoso.
Prototipo de mano robótica controlada mediante el procesamiento de señales cerebrales utilizando redes neuronales recurrentes
Authors: González Marvin X. , Brugiati Amelia M. , Cornejo Denzel H. , Pinzón Cristian I.
Published: August 2022

Las señales generadas por la actividad eléctrica producida en el cerebro humano, además de ser utilizadas en el área de medicina para el diagnóstico de enfermedades, pueden ser de gran ayuda en otros campos, como lo son las ciencias computacionales. Esta investigación propone la utilización de señales cerebrales como mecanismo de control, empleando técnicas de inteligencia artificial. La misma tiene como objetivo principal construir un prototipo de una prótesis de mano robótica impresa en 3D, controlada a través del procesamiento de señales cerebrales, utilizando redes neuronales recurrentes. Mediante una metodología de prototipado se entrenaron y compararon tres arquitecturas distintas de redes recurrentes (RNN simple, LSTM y GRU), entrenadas a partir de datos de trece personas, utilizando el sensor no invasivo Mindwave Mobile 2 para la adquisición de estos. La primera versión, desarrollada en un periodo aproximado de tres meses, alcanzó una precisión del 77% al clasificar nuevas muestras utilizando el modelo de red GRU. Este prototipo, al ser una primera aproximación y requerir mayor tiempo de investigación y desarrollo, puede ser de gran utilidad a futuro para personas que así lo necesiten, brindándoles una mayor calidad de vida.
Reconocimiento del lenguaje de señas mediante aprendizaje automático para niños de primaria
Authors: Bodmer Richard , Liu Lucia , Liu Winson , Rangel José Carlos
Published: August 2022

Los gestos de las manos son utilizados para demostrar expresividad, un punto mucho más importante para personas con discapacidad auditiva, quienes utilizan esta representación de símbolos manualmente como lenguaje. Un sistema que reconozca el lenguaje de señas panameño que esté orientado hacia niños con discapacidades auditivas es relevante para un aprendizaje más fluido y efectivo. Para el desarrollo, se deberán usar herramientas de inteligencia artificial, como aprendizaje automático, procesador y clasificador de imágenes, además del uso de una cámara digital para capturar los gestos expresados con las manos. Como objetivo, este sistema solamente reconocerá las vocales del alfabeto (a, e, i, o, u) en texto como etapa de inicio y prueba.
PKM PELATIHAN PEMOGRAMAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SMART RELAY DI SMK NEGERI 2 SUNGAILIAT BANGKA
Authors: Yudhi Yudhi , Ocsirendi Ocsirendi
Published: August 2022

Polman Bangka-Belitung is one of the Polytechnics in Bangka-Belitung Province, where the output of this graduate is an engineer in the field of electrical engineering, design and machining. With the support of equipment and experienced lecturers in the vocational field, one of the obligations of a lecturer is community service, where the main purpose of this service is to apply knowledge and technology that can improve the welfare of the community both in the campus environment in particular and the people of Bangka. In general, the method used in this process is by using a quantitative method, namely applying direct observations of conditions in the field or in other words in real terms of taking data in the field. And one of the service programs is to provide training using smart relays, based on a survey we did where almost 95% of the students of SMK Negeri 2 Sungailiat Bangka Induk have not been able to understand about smart relay programming as a whole, so they need training that leads to the competencies they have in accordance with the standar of the National Professional Certification Agency, as well as in the manufacturing industry.
ARTERIAL AND VENOUS EMBOLISM DUE TO COVID-19 VACCINE (BIONTECH): CASE SERIES
Authors: Güven Oya , Tuna Lale , Geçici İbrahim Atakan , Durgun Zeynep Sümeyye , Işık Ömer
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Although the most prominent effect of Corona disease, respiratory disease it disrupts the vascular structure and causes vascular occlusion. Intravascular coagulation, has also begun to be observed in people who have been vaccinated. Therefore, clinicians had to add anti-coagulants or antiaggregants to the treatment.
Case Reports: In this article; We will try to present the patient who developed arterial and venous embolism after BioNTech vaccine. These patients without known vascular disease responded well to treatment.
Conclusion: The rate of sickness dropped after the vaccine was discovered to be the most effective strategy to protect against Covid-19. It was discovered that vaccinated patients exhibited symptoms similar to corona disease but had a moderate course.
Risk of primary Sjogren’s Syndrome following human papillomavirus infections: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Chen Huang-Hsi , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai , Dong Chen , Chang Wen-Jung , Gao Kuan-Rong , Perng Wuu-Tsun , Huang Jing-Yang , Wei James Cheng-Chung
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Viral infection is an exogeneous factor for primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS). This study investigated the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and pSS through a nationwide population based cohort study.

Methods

Patients with HPV infections between January, 1999 and December, 2013 were included. The incidence of new-onset pSS in patients with HPV infections and non-HPV controls were derived. The multiple Cox regression model derived the risk of pSS in patients with HPV infections. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to validate the association.

Results

During a follow-up period of 12 years, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of pSS in patients with HPV infections was significantly higher than that in non-HPV controls (aHR=1.64, 95% CI=1.47-1.83, P<0.001). The risk of pSS increased with age and the risk increased by 2.64-fold (95% CI= 2.37-2.93) for those older than 45 years. The significant association between HPV infections and the risk of pSS persisted in the sensitivity analysis restricted in HPV infections that lasted over 12 months (aHR=1.63, 95%CI=1.45-1.83, P<0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed that both male (aHR=1.83, 95%CI=1.47-2.28, P<0.0001) and female (aHR=1.58, 95%CI=1.40-1.79, P<0.0001) patients with HPV infections and HPV-infected patients aged between 16 and 45 years (aHR=1.60, 95%CI=1.34-1.91, P<0.0001) and over 45 years (aHR=1.67, 95%CI=1.46-1.91, P<0.0001) were associated with a significantly greater risk of pSS.

Conclusion

Patients with HPV infections presented with a significantly higher risk of pSS, regardless of age and sex.
Representation in sea turtle science: Slow progress towards gender equity and globalization revealed from thirty years of symposium abstracts
Authors: Robinson Nathan J. , Mills Sophie , St.Andrews Laura , Sundstrom Allegra , Thibodeau Jadyn , Yaney-Keller Adam , Gatto Christopher R.
Published: August 2022

Sea turtles are a circumglobal taxon that receive considerable research and conservation attention; however, there is little published information about patterns of representation for people working with these species. To assess long-term trends in gender, geographic, and institutional representation within the sea turtle community, we quantified information from 7041 abstracts presented at the International Sea Turtle Symposium (ISTS) between 1988–2018. We report several key findings. (1) The number of authors per abstract doubled over the study period, suggesting greater acknowledgment of contributing individuals. (2) The proportion of female first and last authors has increased over time and at the end of the study period female first authors were in a slight majority (53%) even though last authors remained predominantly (64%) male. (3) Most researchers were from North America (45%) but representation from other continents has increased over time. (4) It was common for authors from North America (34%) and Europe (42%) to conducted research in other continents. This was far less common (<6%) for authors in Africa, Asia, Central America and the Caribbean, and South America. (5) Most authors (48%) were affiliated with academic institutions. Overall, our results reveal a slow trend toward gender equity and globalization in the sea turtle community. Increasing opportunities for underrepresented groups should therefore remain a key priority. To facilitate this process, we suggest hosting symposiums in underrepresented regions, providing grants for underrepresented individuals, developing opportunities to present abstracts remotely via hybrid events, and promoting gender equity in senior researcher positions.
The heart in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Knowns, unknowns, and future priorities
Authors: Patel Neil , Massolo Anna C. , Kraemer Ulrike S. , Kipfmueller Florian
Published: August 2022

There is growing recognition that the heart is a key contributor to the pathophysiology of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), in conjunction with developmental abnormalities of the lung and pulmonary vasculature. Investigations to date have demonstrated altered fetal cardiac morphology, notably relative hypoplasia of the fetal left heart, as well as early postnatal right and left ventricular dysfunction which appears to be independently associated with adverse outcomes. However, many more unknowns remain, not least an understanding of the genetic and cellular basis for cardiac dysplasia and dysfunction in CDH, the relationship between fetal, postnatal and long-term cardiac function, and the impact on other parts of the body especially the developing brain. Consensus on how to measure and classify cardiac function and pulmonary hypertension in CDH is also required, potentially using both non-invasive imaging and biomarkers. This may allow routine assessment of the relative contribution of cardiac dysfunction to individual patient pathophysiological phenotype and enable better, individualized therapeutic strategies incorporating targeted use of fetal therapies, cardiac pharmacotherapies, and extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Collaborative, multi-model approaches are now required to explore these unknowns and fully appreciate the role of the heart in CDH.
Effect of indobufen vs. aspirin on platelet accumulation in patients with stable coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: An open-label crossover study
Authors: Shi Qiu-Ping , Luo Xing-Yu , Zhang Bin , Wang Xin-Gang , Zhao Jing , Xie Qiu-Fen , Liu Jia-Hui , Liu Yao-Kun , Jiang Jie , Zheng Bo
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study compared the effect of indobufen with that of aspirin on platelet function in patients with stable coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: Patients with stable coronary heart disease who had undergone PCI and received dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100 mg + clopidogrel 75 mg once daily) for at least 12 months were allocated to receive indobufen 100 mg twice daily + clopidogrel 75 mg once daily, clopidogrel 75 mg once daily alone, indobufen 100 mg twice daily alone, and aspirin 100 mg once daily alone for 1 month each in an open-label crossover manner. Platelet function was assessed by using the rates of arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation (AA-PAR) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation (ADP-PAR) measured by light transmission aggregometry, the platelet reactivity index measured by vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (PRI-VASP), and the plasma and urinary thromboxane B2 (TXB2) concentrations recorded at baseline and during each treatment phase.

Results: Of 56 patients enrolled, 52 completed the study. The AA-PAR was lower in the indobufen alone group than in the aspirin alone group [5.21% (3.39, 7.98) vs. 5.27% (4.06, 6.60), p = 0.038], while biologically, a difference of 0.06% may represent no significant difference; there was no significant between-group difference in the plasma [531.16 pg/ml (203.89, 1035.06) vs. 373.93 pg/ml (194.04, 681.71), p = 0.251] or urinary [3951.97 pg/ml (2006.95, 6077.01) vs. 3610.48 pg/ml (1664.60, 6247.61), p = 0.717] TXB2 concentration. When the aspirin + clopidogrel group and indobufen + clopidogrel group were compared, similar results were found for AA-PAR [3.97% (3.05, 5.12) vs. 3.83% (3.10, 5.59), p = 0.947] and both plasma [849.47 pg/ml (335.96, 1634.54) vs. 455.41 pg/ml (212.47, 1489.60), p = 0.629], and urinary [4122.97 pg/ml (2044.96, 7459.86) vs. 3812.81 pg/ml (1358.95, 6021.07), p = 0.165] TXB2 concentrations. ADP-PAR was lower in the clopidogrel alone group than in the indobufen alone group (47.04% ± 16.89 vs. 61.7% ± 10.50, p < 0.001), as was PRI-VASP (66.53% ± 18.06 vs. 77.72% ± 19.87, p = 0.002).

Conclusion: These findings suggest that indobufen has antiplatelet effects similar to those of aspirin in patients with stable coronary heart disease after PCI, and may be an alternative for patients with aspirin intolerance after coronary stenting.
Anti-PD-L1 immunoconjugates for cancer therapy: Are available antibodies good carriers for toxic payload delivering?
Authors: Zanello Andrea , Bortolotti Massimo , Maiello Stefania , Bolognesi Andrea , Polito Letizia
Published: August 2022

Immune checkpoint mechanisms are important molecular cell systems that maintain tolerance toward autoantigens in order to prevent immunity-mediated accidental damage. It is well known that cancer cells may exploit these molecular and cellular mechanisms to escape recognition and elimination by immune cells. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its natural ligand programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) form the PD-L1/PD-1 axis, a well-known immune checkpoint mechanism, which is considered an interesting target in cancer immunotherapy. In fact, the expression of PD-L1 was found in various solid malignancies and the overactivation of PD-L1/PD-1 axis results in a poor patient survival rate. Breaking PD-L1/PD-1 axis, by blocking either the cancer side or the immune side of the axis, is currently used as anti-cancer strategy to re-establish a tumor-specific immune response. For this purpose, several blocking antibodies are now available. To date, three anti-PD-L1 antibodies have been approved by the FDA, namely atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab. The main advantages of anti-PD-L1 antibodies arise from the overexpression of PD-L1 antigen by a high number of tumor cells, also deriving from different tissues; this makes anti-PD-L1 antibodies potential pan-specific anti-cancer molecules. Despite the good results reported in clinical trials with anti-PD-L1 antibodies, there is a significant number of patients that do not respond to the therapy. In fact, it should be considered that, in some neoplastic patients, reduced or absent infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment or presence of other immunosuppressive molecules make immunotherapy with anti-PD-L1 blocking antibodies less effective. A strategy to improve the efficacy of antibodies is to use them as carriers for toxic payloads (toxins, drugs, enzymes, radionuclides, etc.) to form immunoconjugates. Several immunoconjugates have been already approved by FDA for treatment of malignancies. In this review, we focused on PD-L1 targeting antibodies utilized as carrier to construct immunoconjugates for the potential elimination of neoplastic cells, expressing PD-L1. A complete examination of the literature regarding anti-PD-L1 immunoconjugates is here reported, describing the results obtained in vitro and in vivo. The real potential of anti-PD-L1 antibodies as carriers for toxic payload delivery is considered and extensively discussed.
The genetic basis and interaction of genes conferring resistance to Puccinia hordei in an ICARDA barley breeding line GID 5779743
Authors: Dinh Hoan X. , Pourkheirandish Mohammad , Park Robert F. , Singh Davinder
Published: August 2022

Leaf rust of barley causes significant losses in crops of susceptible cultivars. Deploying host resistance is the most cost-effective and eco-sustainable strategy to protect the harvest. However, most known leaf rust resistance genes have been overcome by the pathogen due to the pathogen’s evolution and adaptation. The discovery of novel sources of genetic resistance is vital to keep fighting against pathogen evolution. In this study, we investigated the genetic basis of resistance in barley breeding line GID 5779743 (GID) from ICARDA, found to carry high levels of seedling resistance to prevalent Australian pathotypes of Puccinia hordei. Multipathotype tests, genotyping, and marker-trait associations revealed that the resistance in GID is conferred by two independent genes. The first gene, Rph3, was detected using a linked CAPS marker and QTL analysis. The second gene was detected by QTL analysis and mapped to the same location as that of the Rph5 locus on the telomeric region of chromosome 3HS. The segregating ratio in F2 (conforming to 9 resistant: 7 susceptible genetic ratio; p > 0.8) and F3 (1 resistant: 8 segregating: 7 susceptible; p > 0.19) generations of the GID × Gus population, when challenged with pathotype 5477 P− (virulent on Rph3 and Rph5) suggested the interaction of two genes in a complementary fashion. This study demonstrated that Rph3 interacts with Rph5 or an additional locus closely linked to Rph5 (tentatively designated RphGID) in GID to produce an incompatible response when challenged with a pathotype virulent on Rph3+Rph5.