bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in cancer drug resistance by galectin-1: cellular and molecular implications
Authors: Yaylim İlhan , Aru Melek , Farooqi Ammad Ahmad , Hakan Mehmet Tolgahan , Buttari Brigitta , Arese Marzia , Saso Luciano
Published: February 2024

Oxidative stress is characterized by the deregulation of the redox state in the cells, which plays a role in the initiation of various types of cancers. The activity of galectin-1 (Gal-1) depends on the cell redox state and the redox state of the microenvironment. Gal-1 expression has been related to many different tumor types, as it plays important roles in several processes involved in cancer progression, such as apoptosis, cell migration, adhesion, and immune response. The erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) signaling pathway is a crucial mechanism involved in both cell survival and cell defense against oxidative stress. In this review, we delve into the cellular and molecular roles played by Gal-1 in the context of oxidative stress onset in cancer cells, particularly focusing on its involvement in activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. The emerging evidence concerning the anti-apoptotic effect of Gal-1, together with its ability to sustain the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in counteracting oxidative stress, supports the role of Gal-1 in the promotion of tumor cells proliferation, immuno-suppression, and anti-tumor drug resistance, thus highlighting that the inhibition of Gal-1 emerges as a potential strategy for the restraint and regression of tumor progression. Overall, a deeper understanding of the multi-functionality and disease-specific expression profiling of Gal-1 will be crucial for the design and development of novel Gal-1 inhibitors as anticancer agents. Excitingly, although it is still understudied, the ever-growing knowledge of the sophisticated interplay between Gal-1 and Nrf2/Keap1 will enable researchers to gain valuable insights into the underlying causes of carcinogenesis and metastasis.
A collaborative siege method of multiple unmanned vehicles based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Su Muqing , Pu Ruimin , Wang Yin , Yu Meng
Published: February 2024

A method based on multi-agent reinforcement learning is proposed to tackle the challenges to capture escaping Target by Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). Initially, this study introduces environment and motion models tailored for cooperative UGV capture, along with clearly defined success criteria for direct capture. An attention mechanism integrated into the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) is leveraged, directing focus towards pivotal state features pertinent to the task while effectively managing less relevant aspects. This allows capturing agents to concentrate on the whereabouts and activities of the target agent, thereby enhancing coordination and collaboration during pursuit. This focus on the target agent aids in refining the capture process and ensures precise estimation of value functions. The reduction in superfluous activities and unproductive scenarios amplifies efficiency and robustness. Furthermore, the attention weights dynamically adapt to environmental shifts. To address constrained incentives arising in scenarios with multiple vehicles capturing targets, the study introduces a revamped reward system. It divides the reward function into individual and cooperative components, thereby optimizing both global and localized incentives. By facilitating cooperative collaboration among capturing UGVs, this approach curtails the action space of the target UGV, leading to successful capture outcomes. The proposed technique demonstrates enhanced capture success compared to previous SAC algorithms. Simulation trials and comparisons with alternative learning methodologies validate the effectiveness of the algorithm and the design approach of the reward function.
Delayed Sliding Mode Control of Chaotic Systems
Authors:   LAADI, Djelfa University, Hamidouche B. ,   CReSTIC, Reims University, Guesmi K. ,   LAADI, Djelfa University, Essounbouli N.
Published: February 2024

Through three sets of simulations, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches in driving the chaotic system toward stable, simple, and predictable periodic behavior. The results confirm the rapid achievement of stabilization, even with changes in the sliding surface and control activation time point showing, hence, the approaches’ adaptability and reliability. Furthermore, the controlled system exhibits remarkable insensitivity to changes in initial conditions, thus showing the robustness of the proposed control strategies.
Influence of sex on outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter cohort study in China
Authors: Chen Jian , Yang Zhe , Gao Fengqiang , Zhou Zhisheng , Chen Junli , Lu Di , Wang Kai , Sui Meihua , Wang Zhengxin , Guo Wenzhi , Lyu Guoyue , Qi Haizhi , Cai Jinzhen , Yang Jiayin , Zheng Shusen , Xu Xiao
Published: February 2024

Objective: Sex-specific differences are observed in various liver diseases, but the influence of sex on the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT) remains to be determined. This study is the first Chinese nationwide investigation of the role of sex in post-LT outcomes in patients with HCC. Methods: Data for recipients with HCC registered in the China Liver Transplant Registry between January 2015 and December 2020 were analyzed. The associations between donor, recipient, or donor-recipient transplant patterns by sex and the post-LT outcomes were studied with propensity score matching (PSM). The survival associated with different sex-based donor-recipient transplant patterns was further studied. Results: Among 3,769 patients enrolled in this study, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of patients with HCC after LT were 96.1%, 86.4%, and 78.5%, respectively, in female recipients, and 95.8%, 79.0%, and 70.7%, respectively, in male recipients after PSM (P = 0.009). However, the OS was comparable between recipients with female donors and male donors. Multivariate analysis indicated that male recipient sex was a risk factor for post-LT survival (HR = 1.381, P = 0.046). Among the donor-recipient transplant patterns, the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings highlighted that the post-LT outcomes of female recipients were significantly superior to those of male recipients, and the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival. Livers from male donors may provide the most benefit to female recipients. Our results indicate that sex should be considered as a critical factor in organ allocation.
EXAM: Ex vivo allograft monitoring dashboard for the analysis of hypothermic machine perfusion data in deceased-donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Schwab Simon , Steck Hélène , Binet Isabelle , Elmer Andreas , Ender Wolfgang , Franscini Nicola , Haidar Fadi , Kuhn Christian , Sidler Daniel , Storni Federico , Krügel Nathalie , Immer Franz
Published: February 2024

Deceased-donor kidney allografts are exposed to injury during ex vivo transport due to the lack of blood oxygen supply. Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) effectively reduces the risk of delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients compared to standard cold storage. However, no free software implementation is available to analyze HMP data for state-of-the-art visualization and quality control. We implemented the tool EXAM (ex vivo allograft monitoring) as an interactive analytics dashboard. The backbone is a collection of functions in the R programming language to read, process, and analyze HMP data from the LifePort kidney transporter (Organ Recovery Systems, USA). Time series for pressure, flow rate, organ resistance, and temperature are visualized, and relevant statistical indicators have been developed. EXAM is free software written in the R programming language that statisticians and data scientists can quickly deploy to enable quality control and novel research at transplant organizations that use LifePort kidney transporters.
Effects of water level fluctuations on the trophic state of a connected lacustrine system (Southern Andes, Patagonia, Argentina): applicability of the CDOM method as a monitoring tool of eutrophication
Authors: Gianello Diamela , Reissig Mariana , Pérez Gonzalo L. , Rechencq Magalí , De Stefano Lucía G. , Queimaliños Claudia
Published: February 2024

Hydrological connectivity plays a central role in lake’s functioning and is strongly influenced by water level fluctuations (WLFs), which occur naturally or due to human activities and can induce changes in lakes’ trophic states. Traditionally, trophic state has been assessed using the Trophic State Index (TSI), but recently, the chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) emerged as a new indicator of eutrophication. We conducted a two-years seasonal survey in three interconnected Andean-Patagonian lakes (Argentina), with different hydrogeomorphic features and macrophyte cover, considering both low-water (LWP) and high-water (HWP) phases. We aimed to determine the influence of WLFs and macrophyte cover on TSI dynamics, and to evaluate the use of CDOM for monitoring the trophic state of these Andean-Patagonian lakes. TSI ranged from ultraoligotrophy to mesotrophy and showed significant changes between rainy and dry seasons, particularly in shallow lakes. WLFs revealed as an important regulatory factor in this connected system, since a pronounced differentiation of physicochemical variables occurred among lakes during LWP, and a homogenization during HWP. Submerged macrophytes strongly affected nutrient dynamics, especially N, and consequently TSI. During LWP, nutrient release associated with macrophyte senescence resulted in elevated TSI values in the shallowest lake. During periods of macrophyte growth and higher hydrological connectivity, a dilution effect developed, with reduced TSI values. Strong correlations found between TSI and CDOM (a254), highlighted CDOM as a reliable indicator of TSI, even in ultraoligotrophic lakes. The positive relationship TSI-a355suggests the potential use of optical satellites to estimate TSI, increasing spatial and temporal monitoring capabilities.
Recruiting older people with mild frailty from the community to a trial: what works?
Authors: Kalwarowsky Sarah , Hopkins Jane , Prescott Matthew , Mahmood Farah , Thomas Verity , Thornton Gillian , Campbell Shelley , Andrusjak Wendy , Avgerinou Christina , Walters Kate , Frost Rachael
Published: February 2024

Background
Under-recruitment of older people to Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) is a widespread problem. Recruitment through community organisations (e.g. social groups, sheltered housing) has been thought to bolster recruitment and improve diversity.
Methods
We successfully recruited 388 older people with mild frailty to a RCT testing a new service designed to prevent frailty and promote independence. We compared the recruitment of participants using General Practice (GP) mailouts (N = 360), and through community organisations (N = 27).
Results
We found that GP mailouts involved 60% less researcher time per participant and resulted in better retention than community recruitment. Despite the aim of community-based recruitment to increase representation of underserved groups, it resulted in slightly fewer men and more people born in the UK who were White British than GP recruitment. It did increase the number of participants with lower educational levels and from more deprived areas.
Conclusions
Future studies may wish to modify their recruitment plans using this information and the time estimates provided.
Trial Registration: ISRCTN54268283
WITHDRAWN: AMPK α Succinylation modification of protein K266 enhances lipid metabolism and promotes growth of non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: 汤 喜连 , Huang xiao-qin , Jian Zheng , Yu Hua-jun , Huang Qin-ying , He Liu-yan , Huang Qian-qian , Chen Rong-rong , Xian Xue-min , Chen Hu-ting , Jun Wu , Zhang Hai-tao
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
External validation and updating of the Rossi nomogram for predicting cesarean delivery following induction: Is the Bishop score valuable?
Authors: Liu Guangpu , Zhang Jingya , Zhou Chaofan , Yang Ming , Yang Zhifen , Zhao Ling
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study sought to validate the Rossi nomogram in a Chinese population and then to include the Bishop score with the purpose of increasing the accuracy of the nomogram.
Materials and Methods: The Rossi predictive model was applied and externally validated in a retrospective cohort from August 2017 and July 2023 in a Chinese tertiary-level medical center. For the revision and updating of the models, the regression coefficients of all the predictors (except race) were re-estimated and then the cervical Bishop score at the time of induction was added. Each model’s performance was measured using the receiver-operating characteristic and calibration plots. Decision curve analysis determined the range of the probability threshold for each prediction model that would be of clinical value.
Results: A total of 721 women met the inclusion criteria, of whom 183 (25.4%) underwent a cesarean delivery. The calibration demonstrated the underestimation of the original model, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.789 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.753–0.825, P < 0.001). After recalibrating the original model, the discriminative performance was improved from 0.789 to 0.803. Moreover, the discriminatory power of the updated model was further improved when the Bishop score at the time of induction was added to the recalibrated multivariable model. Indeed, the updated model demonstrated good calibration and discriminatory power, with an AUC of 0.811. The decision curve analysis indicated that all the models (original, recalibrated, and updated) provided higher net benefits of between 0% and 60% of the probability threshold, which indicates the benefits of using the models to make decisions concerning patients who fall within the identified range of the probability threshold. The net benefits of the updated model were higher than those of the original model and the recalibrated model.
Conclusion: The nomogram used to predict cesarean delivery following induction developed by Rossi et al. has been validated in a Chinese population in this study. More specifically, adaptation to a Chinese population by excluding ethnicity and including the Bishop score following induction gave rise to better performance. The three models (original, recalibrated, and updated) offer higher net benefits when the probability threshold is between 0% and 60%.
GSDMS are potential therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer
Authors: Huang Xiaoying , Han Yaxiang , Na Li , Yue Zhaoyi , Ma Rongrong , Wu Ligang , liu Qilun
Published: February 2024

Pyroptosis is a new type of programmed death recently discovered,the GSDM family plays a crucial role in pyroptotic processes. Numerous studies have reported that GSDM family can either inhibit or promote tumor development; However, the mechanism of action in breast cancer is unclear. In this study, we employed diverse online databases to investigate the differential expression of GSDMS in breast cancer compared to para-cancer and transcriptional variations among molecular subtypes. Furthermore, we explored the association between GSDMS and clinical characteristics, assessed its prognostic value, examined gene alterations, investigated the relationship between subtypes and RFS, evaluated immune cell infiltration level, and analyzed the level of GSDMS methylation in breast cancer. We observed a significant upregulation of GSDMD in breast cancer, while GSDMB-E and PJVK exhibited low expression levels in this malignancy. GSDMB and GSDMC were highly expressed in HER2-positive breast cancer but showed low expression in triple-negative and luminal subtypes. GSDMD, GSDME, and PJVK displayed high expression specifically in the luminal phenotype of breast cancer while being downregulated in Her2+ and triple-negative subtypes. The expression pattern of GSDMS was closely associated with distinct clinical features. Missense mutation, deletion mutation, amplification, and deep deletion primarily accounted for alterations observed in the genes encoding GSDMA-E and PJVK with change rates ranging from 0.9% to 19%. Survival analysis revealed that elevated expressions of both GSDMD and PJVK were correlated with improved prognosis among breast cancer patients. Furthermore, the members of the GSDM family demonstrated strong associations with immune-infiltrating cells within the of breast cancer. DNA methylation analysis indicated lower levels along with decreased methylation patterns for GSDMC, GSDMD, and PJVK in breast cancer tissues; conversely increased methylation was observed for both GSDMA and GSDME. Our study systematically elucidates the expression and prognostic significance of GSDMS in breast cancer, as well as the potential prognostic implications of GSDMD and PJVK in breast cancer. These findings provide valuable guidance for clinicians regarding drug utilization.
Positive pressure ventilator of a conventional type working in sets – analysis of the effectiveness of positioning methods
Authors: Kaczmarzyk Piotr , Noske Rafał , Bąk Damian , Krawiec Piotr , Ziegler Bartosz , Warguła Łukasz
Published: February 2024

The effectiveness of mechanical tactical ventilation during rescue and firefighting operations can be improved by multiplying the number of positive pressure ventilators. Such action can shorten the time of the operation, improve its execution, and reduce the energy consumed by the ventilators used during the operation. In order to determine the proper conditions for the two ventilators to work together, tests were conducted on their positioning relative to the doorway. These values were determined from the flow parameters (flow rate and static overpressure generated). A set of conventional rotor ventilators (each with an output of 4.4 kW) was tested. The article performs an analysis of the magnitude of flow parameters depending on the setting of the positive pressure ventilator. Proper positioning of the set of ventilators can increase the flow rate through the facility by up to 32% and the pressure by 50%. The analysis conducted in the article can be used as recommendations for rescue teams for the proper selection of the setting of the positive pressure ventilator during firefighting operations of internal fires.
Machine Learning Models identify Signature Genes as potential Biomarkers for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy from Williams Syndrome
Authors: Yu Hongxiao , Liu Xiping , Sun Manfang , Li Taole , Nie Zhihua
Published: February 2024

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM) is a complex genetic cardiovascular disease with the pathogenesis is still unclear. Williams syndrome(WS), an autosomal dominant systemic disorder with the phenotype of series congenital heart disease that caused by the missing of low-copy DNA elements. The association between the HCM and WS remains unrevealed. This study aimed to identify the WS-related genes from a special patient by using bioinformatics analysis to clarify insights into the diagnostic value in HCM.
Methods and Methods: We collected and summarized the clinical data of a young male patient with WS who initially experienced surgical repairing of coarctation of the aorta(CoA) in his infancy but developed HCM. Whole-Exome Sequencing(WES) data were obtained and intersected with the expression of HCM samples. Bioinformatics analysis, included the consensus cluster analysis, gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA), gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) analysis (GO-KEGG) and weight gene correlation analysis(WGCNA) was used to identify the differentially expressed genes(DEGs). Based on machine learning, we selected the characteristic signature genes and miRNA or transcription factor(TF) related networks as potential biomarkers for HCM.
Results: A total of 7569 and 3040 DEGs were identified between HCM and WS with control samples and 4 WS related genes(BCL7B, ELN, FZD9, NCF1) were sellected based on our patient. Subsequently, we classified the entire HCM cohort into two subtypes according to the target genes. Moreover,the application of GSEA, GO-KEGG and protein-protein interaction(PPI) network analysis were explored and obtained 22 hub genes with the intersection of clusters and WGCNA. According to the five machine algorithms, 4 features(ST8SIA5, RAP1GAP, PLAU, RGMA) were ascertained as the signatures to construct the HCM diagnostic model.
Conclusion: We developed diagnostic signatures to distinguish HCM based on our special patient with WS and the model had certain diagnostic and individual effects. This study sheds light on the potential genetic pathogenesis of HCM and may provide directions for drug screening and personalized therapy in the future.
Compact artificial neurons with time-to-first-spike coding for fast and energy-efficient federated neuromorphic computing
Authors: Yang Rui , Li Zhiyuan , Yao Jiaping , Zhang Beining , Li Zhongshao , Tang Wei , Gong Junjie , Li Yongfei , Cao Xun , Wang Zhongrui , Miao Xiangshui
Published: February 2024

Federated learning combined with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provides a reliable and lightweight solution for privacy and energy constraints in billions of edge devices. However, the current rate-coding in SNNs has high latency and leads to increased power consumption. In this study, we develop a federated neuromorphic learning (FNL) system based on temporal coding to process edge information quickly and efficiently using compact neurons with time-to-first spike (TTFS) coding. These neurons are demonstrated using the volatile threshold switching characteristics of VO2 memristors. We implemented an FNL system for edge pattern recognition in hardware using these compact neurons. Notably, the memristor-based edge device with TTFS-coding shows 330× and 76× improvements in interference speed and energy consumption, respectively, compared to the conventional rate-coding scheme. Furthermore, a multimodal FNL system with TTFS-coding is demonstrated to process audio-visual vehicle signals from edge traffic scenes, with spike numbers for each iteration of edge devices being 26× lower compared to the rate-coding scheme. Our system, incorporating FNL and TTFS-coding, can facilitate the development of next-generation edge artificial intelligence requiring extremely low latency and power.
Tanzanian midwives’ clinical practices and experiences in caring for women with antepartum hemorrhage: A critical incident technique study
Authors: Dinho Anastazia Emil , Mårtensson Lena B. , Georgsson Mattias , Laisser Rose , Knutsson Susanne
Published: February 2024

Background
Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is an obstetric emergency that complicates pregnancy worldwide and continues to lead to hemorrhagic conditions in parts of Tanzania. Midwifery students receive theoretical knowledge on the subject but with no or minimal practical skills in the laboratory, which may reduce their practical capacity as graduated midwives. This study therefore aimed to explore midwives’ clinical actions and experiences regarding the care of women with APH.
Method
Data were analysed using the critical incident technique, and a question guide consisting of eleven open-ended questions was used to collect data from 44 midwives. A total of 522 critical incidents, with 199 actions and 323 experiences, were identified and categorized into five main areas.
Results
Midwives’ clinical actions and experiences in caring for women with APH are affected by the knowledge and skills obtained during training at school. They have insufficient theoretical knowledge and practical skills, leading to inadequate identification of the problem and the implementation of care. A need for additional preventive care is described and structural issues, such as co-operation, referral to other instances, access to equipment and relevant treatments need to be improved.
Conclusion
The actions taken to provide care for women with APH were related to their ability to identify problems, implement care and carry out structural initiatives. However, the midwives’ experience was influenced by an attempt to understand the seriousness of the situation and the existence of an organizational challenge. The results can provide knowledge and tools to improve midwives’ education and clinical practice and in the long run, prevent complications, improves health and minimize suffering in women with APH.
Gene–Dose–Dependent Reduction Fshr Expression Improves Spatial Memory Deficits in Alzheimer’s Mice
Authors: Frolinger Tal , Korkmaz Funda , Sims Steven , Sen Fazilet , Sultana Farhath , Laurencin Victoria , Cullen Liam , Pallapati Anusha Rani , Liu Avi , Rojekar Satish , Pevnev Georgii , Cheliadinova Uliana , Vasilyeva Darya , Burganova Guzel , Macdonald Anne , Saxena Mansi , Goosens Ki , Rosen Clifford , Barak Orly , Lizneva Daria , Gumerova Anisa , Ye Keqiang , Ryu Vitaly , Yuen Tony , Zaidi Mone
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the aging population. High post–menopausal levels of the pituitary gonadotropin follicle–stimulating hormone (FSH) are strongly associated with the onset of AD, and we have shown recently that FSH directly activates the hippocampal Fshr to drive AD–like pathology and memory loss in mice. To establish a role for FSH in memory loss, we used female 3xTg;Fshr+/+, 3xTg;Fshr+/– and 3xTg;Fshr–/– mice that were either left unoperated or underwent sham surgery or ovariectomy at 8 weeks of age. Unoperated and sham–operated 3xTg;Fshr–/– mice were implanted with 17β-estradiol pellets to normalize estradiol levels. Morris Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition behavioral tests were performed to study deficits in spatial and recognition memory, respectively, and to examine the effects of Fshr depletion. 3xTg;Fshr+/+ mice displayed impaired spatial memory at 5 months of age; both the acquisition and retrieval of the memory were ameliorated in 3xTg;Fshr–/– mice and, to a lesser extent, in 3xTg;Fshr+/– mice––thus documenting a clear gene–dose–dependent prevention of hippocampal–dependent spatial memory impairment. At 5 and 10 months, sham–operated 3xTg;Fshr–/– mice showed better memory performance during the acquasition and/or retrieval phases, suggesting that Fshr deletion prevented the progression of spatial memory deficits with age. However, this prevention was not seen when mice were ovariectomized, except in the 10–month–old 3xTg;Fshr–/– mice. In the Novel Object Recognition test performed at 10 months, all groups of mice, except ovariectomized 3xTg;Fshr–/– mice showed a loss of recognition memory. Consistent with the neurobehavioral data, there was a gene–dose–dependent reduction mainly in the amyloid β40 isoform in whole brain extracts. Finally, serum FSH levels < 8 ng/mL in 16–month–old APP/PS1 mice were associated with better retrieval of spatial memory. Collectively, the data provide compelling genetic evidence for a protective effect of inhibiting FSH signaling on the progression of spatial and recognition memory deficits in mice, and lay a firm foundation for the use of an FSH–blocking agent for the early prevention of cognitive decline in postmenopausal women.
hsa_circ_0009618 sponges miR-152-3p to promote lung adenocarcinoma progression
Authors: Lu Guojun , Zhou Ying , Zhang Chenxi , Zhang Yu , Wu Xiaoyuan
Published: February 2024

Background
Accumulating evidence suggests circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as regulators in cancer progression. However, the function of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma is still uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the function of hsa_circ_0009618 in lung adenocarcinoma progression.
Methods
CircRNA microarray was performed to screen circRNA expression profiles of lung adenocarcinoma. hsa_circ_0009618 was identified for further study and verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation was examined by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell cycles assay, cell migration were detected by wound-healing assay and transwell assays. Tumorigenesis in nude mice was performed to assess the effect of hsa_circ_0009618 on lung adenocarcinoma. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to demonstrate the mechanism of hsa_circ_0009618.
Results
Hsa_circ_0009618 was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells. Functional experiments suggested that knockdown of hsa_circ_0009618 could inhibit the lung adenocarcinoma cell viability, migration and invasion.The down-regulation of hsa_circ_0009618 increased the number of cells in S phase and decreased the number of cells in G1.hsa_circ_0009618 knockdown also inhibited the volume and weight of tumors than those in the control group. In addition, we demonstrated that hsa_circ_0009618 could bind to miR-153-3p and targets Hmga2 expression to promote the progression of lung adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion
Our results suggested that hsa_circ_0009618 promotes the progression of lung adenocarcinoma through targeting the miR-153-3p / Hmga2 axis, and it might serve as a potential therapy target for lung adenocarcinoma.
ATYCO is a crucial factor for thylakoid formation and photosynthesis regulation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhu Lixia , Qin Xiaochun , Li Xiuxiu , Yang Zonghui , Hao Chengyang , Li Hui
Published: February 2024

Chloroplast development underpins plant growth, by not only enabling photosynthesis but also facilitating other essential biochemical processes. Despite this, the regulatory mechanisms and functional components of chloroplast development remain largely uncharacterized due to their complexity. In this study, we identified a plastid-targeted gene, ATYCO, as a critical factor in early chloroplast development of Arabidopsis. ATYCO knock-out mutant (yco) exhibited a seedling-lethal, albino phenotype, resulting from dysfunctional chloroplasts lacking thylakoid membranes. In contrast, YCO knock-down mutants produced a chlorophyll-deficient cotyledon and normal leaves when supplemented with sucrose, suggesting a differential role of ATYCO in cotyledons and true leaves. Transcription analysis revealed that ATYCO deficiency could be partially compensated by sucrose supplementation. In the YCO mutant, the transcript levels of plastid-encoded polymerase (PEP)-dependent genes and nuclear-photosynthetic genes, as well as the accumulation of photosynthetic proteins, were significantly reduced. Moreover, the chlorophyll-deficient phenotype in YCO knock-down line can be effectively suppressed by inhibition of PSI cyclic electron transport activity, implying an interaction between YCO and PSI cyclic electron transport. Taken together, our findings de underscore the vital role of ATYCO in early chloroplast development and photosynthesis.
Surface functionalization of cellulose derived from hemp by tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and poly vinylidene fluoride-based composite separator membrane for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)
Authors: Sirichaibhinyo Thanakrit , Thiangtham Satita , Saito Nagahiro , Ummartyotin Sarute
Published: February 2024

Separators played a crucial role in enhancing the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, achieving separators with outstanding electrochemical performance and high stability proved to be a challenge. Herein, composite membranes based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with variable contents of microcrystalline cellulose/tetraethyl orthosilicate (MCC/TEOS) incorporated into PVDF matrices were carefully designed. These MCC/TEOS-based PVDF separator membranes were subsequently deployed as separators in LIBs. Notably, the 3 wt% MCC/TEOS-based PVDF separator membrane exhibited a remarkable porosity of 92.3%, representing a substantial enhancement compared to the pristine PVDF membrane with a porosity of 82.5%. This heightened porosity, in conjunction with heightened hydrophilicity, endowed the PVDF membrane with 3 wt% MCC/TEOS with superior electrolyte absorption and reduced resistance, resulting in an impressive ionic conductivity of 0.5144 mS/cm. Moreover, the LIB cell employing the 3 wt% MCC/TEOS-based PVDF separator membrane consistently demonstrated stable charge/discharge profiles at a rate of 0.2C, achieving a specific capacity of 98 mAh/g, while the PVDF membrane in isolation only reached 43 mAh/g. These findings underscored the considerable potential of MCC/TEOS as a biofiller for biomembranes, rendering it an optimal choice for applications in LIBs.
Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis by 18 F-fdg Pet/ct in Patients on Glucocorticoid Therapy: Importance of Delayed Imaging
Authors: Aldasoro Vicente , Betech-Antar Vicky , Castañeda Santos , Miguel Eugenio , Enguita Mónica , Rosales Juan José , Garcia-Velloso María Jose
Published: February 2024

Objective
The aim of this study is to analyse the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) despite glucocorticoid (GC) therapy before PET acquisition.
Materials and methods
Consecutive patients with strongly suspected GCA according to 2022 EULAR/ACR criteria were included. Physician diagnosis of GCA after 6 months of follow-up was the gold standard. PET was performed at baseline and 6 months later. In patients with negative results at 60 min, delayed imaging was performed at 180 min.
Results
Twenty-six patients were included with a median (IQR) age of 70.5 (57–88) years. Baseline PET was positive in all but one: 18 patients at 60 min and 7 patients after delayed imaging at 180 min. The median (IQR) GC dose at the time of baseline PET was 45 mg/d (26.2–45) of prednisone equivalent with a median exposure of 14 days (7-76.2). At 6 months of follow-up, PET was performed in 22 patients, with positive results in 16. Delayed imaging was performed in 6 patients due to negative PET at 60 min, with positive results in all cases, despite treatment with GC and/or biological therapy.
Conclusion
In patients on GC therapy, delayed imaging protocols applying procedural recommendations for vascular quantification could improve diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, we suggest performing imaging only at 180 min in patients who have been on GCs for more than 3 days as well as in those with highly suspected GCA but negative findings in baseline PET at 60 min.
Distribution of moniliformin in industrial maize milling and flaking process
Authors: Bertuzzi Terenzio , Abate A. , Giorni P.
Published: February 2024

Moniliformin (MON) is a widespread emerging mycotoxin often occurring in maize at not negligible levels. Few published studies investigated MON redistribution in maize derived products for human consumption; to better understand this issue, 5 maize lots with different level of MON contamination were processed following an industrial milling process to evaluate the redistribution of the mycotoxin in final products (grits), by-products destined to feed (bran and flour) and cleaning waste. A relevant MON reduction was obtained after sieve cleaning, scourer process and optical sorting, achieving a decrement of the concentration level close to 70%. The following other milling procedures showed a limited reduction from cleaned maize to small and large grits; considering the entire industrial process, the reduction percentage of MON contamination in the final products was 80.9 ± 9.3% and 81.0 ± 6.7% for small and large grits, respectively. The flaking process showed a very limited reduction of MON, close to 10%. Considering the widespread of MON occurrence in maize, the study highlights the importance of cleaning steps to achieve a low risk of exposure for the consumer.
Genomic surveillance of malaria parasites in an indigenous community in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Cabrera-Sosa Luis , Nolasco Oscar , Kattenberg Johanna H. , Fernandez-Miñope Carlos , Valdivia Hugo O. , Barazorda Keare , Rios Silvia Arévalo de los , Rodriguez-Ferrucci Hugo , Vinetz Joseph M. , Rosanas-Urgell Anna , geertruyden Jean-Pierre Van , Gamboa Dionicia , Delgado-Ratto Christopher
Published: February 2024

Hard-to-reach communities represent Peru's main challenge for malaria elimination, but information about transmission in these areas is scarce. Here, we assessed Plasmodium vivax (Pv) and P. falciparum (Pf) transmission dynamics, resistance markers, and Pf hrp2/3 deletions in Nueva Jerusalén (NJ), a remote, indigenous community in the Peruvian Amazon with high population mobility. We collected samples from November 2019 to May 2020 by active (ACD) and passive case detection (PCD) in NJ. Parasites were identified with microscopy and PCR. Then, we analyzed a representative set of positive-PCR samples (Pv = 68, Pf = 58) using highly-multiplexed deep sequencing assays (AmpliSeq) and compared NJ parasites with ones from other remote Peruvian areas using population genetics indexes. The ACD intervention did not reduce malaria cases in the short term, and persistent malaria transmission was observed (at least one Pv infection was detected in 96% of the study days). In Nueva Jerusalen, the Pv population had modest genetic diversity (He = 0.27). Pf population had lower diversity (He = 0.08) and presented temporal clustering, one of these clusters linked to an outbreak in February 2020. Moreover, Pv and Pf parasites from NJ exhibited variable levels of differentiation (Pv Fst = 0.07–0.52 & Pf Fst = 0.11–0.58) with parasites from other remote areas. No artemisin resistance mutations but chloroquine (57%) and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (35–67%) were detected in NJ's Pf parasites. Moreover, pfhrp2/3 gene deletions were common (32–50% of parasites with one or both genes deleted). The persistent Pv transmission and the detection of a Pf outbreak with parasites genetically distinct from the local ones highlight the need for tailored interventions focusing on mobility patterns and imported infections in remote areas to eliminate malaria in the Peruvian Amazon.
Environmental impact and mitigation potentials in Greenhouse tomatoes production system in Yangtze River Delta
Authors: wu gang , Zhao Mingjiong , Liu Bin , Wang Xingbang , yuan manman , Wang Jiabao , Chen Xinping , Wang Xiaozhong , Sun Yixiang
Published: February 2024

Based on the farmer survey data and farmers’ grouping method, this study analyzed the resource input, environmental cost and mitigation potential of plastic-greenhouse tomato production, and to find out the reasonable mitigation measures in this region. Our results indicated that there was a large difference in Nr loss and GHG emission for tomato production among farmers. Compared with low-yield and low-efficiency, low-yield and high-efficiency, and high-yield and low-efficiency zones, the Nr loss and GHG emissions of high-yield and high-efficiency zone were lower by -21.3%~44.5% and − 15.7%~30.0% on per hectare basis; 15.5%~59.7% and 19.4%~50.4%on per tonne basis, respectively. Compared with the average of farmers, the Nr loss and GHG emissions of high-yield and high-efficiency were lower by 28.5% and 16.5% on per hectare basis; 43.6% and 34.1% on per tonne basis, respectively. Reducing the amount of nitrogen applied, using organic alternative methods, returning straw to the field, and reducing irrigation water are recommended to mitigate the environmental costs of greenhouse vegetable production.
Comparison of Levels of Heavy Metals in Nasal Concha Tissues in Rural and Urban Regions
Authors: Öner Fatih , Kurt Nezahat , Üçüncü Harun
Published: February 2024

Background: Heavy metal exposure has recently become a problem due to the increasing environmental pollution as urbanization expands.
Objective: This prospective case control study was conducted to compare levels of heavy metals in the nasal concha of the patients living in urban and rural who underwent partial inferior concha resection.
Methods: Sixty-seven patients were divided into two groups: 38 rural patients and 29 urban patients. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) levels were measured in inferior nasal concha by Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry.
Results: Significance was considered at p < 0.05. The levels of Cu (0.24± 0.048 vs. 0.06± 0.019 µg/g) and Zn (3.29± 0.69 vs. 0.44± 0.14µg/g) of the rural patients were significantly higher compared to urban patients (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the Cd level between groups. Pb (0.024± 0.009 vs. 0.008± 0.0002 µg/g) and Mn (0.273± 0.01 vs. 0.174± 0.05 µg/g) levels of urban patients were significantly higher than rural patients (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Heavy metals accumulate in the nasal concha at different rates in rural and urban areas. Indicating the presence of heavy metals in turbinates and measuring their amount may be helpful for diagnostic purposes in diseases whose etiology is attributed to air pollution; however, the pathophysiology still needs to be clarified.
Assessing the Impact of Land Use and Climate Change on River Ravi Flows: A GIS and Hydrological Modeling Approach
Authors: Ullah Sami , Ali Usman , Rashid Muhammad , Haider Saif
Published: February 2024

In the present study, the impact of Land Use and climate change on the flows of River Ravi has been assessed through GIS remote sensing and applying the hydrological model at the catchment scale. A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been applied to simulate the hydrological response of River Ravi considering the current and future Land Use and climate changes. The model was calibrated and validated for the periods of 1999–2002 and 2003–2005, respectively. The good fit values of NSE, R2, and PBIAS for the calibrated model are 0.85, 0.83, and 10.01 while for the validated model are 0.87, 0.89, and 7.2. By supervised classification techniques current and future Land Use maps were prepared for the study area using Landsat images and the TerrSet model for the prediction of future change in the built-up area. The result showed that the built-up area increased by 15.8% over the period 1990 to 2020 and the Future built-up area is expected to increase by 31.7% over the period 2020–2100. Climate change projections of precipitation and temperature under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways SSP2 and SSP5 have been carried out, and statistical downscaling has been performed by the CMhyd model. The result indicated that over the period 2016–2100, precipitation is expected to increase by 10.9% under SSP2 and 14.9% under SSP5. Similarly, temperature is expected to increase by 12.2% under SSP2 and 15.9% under SSP5. The result of the SWAT model considering the increased precipitation over the period 2016–2100 shows the inflows of River Ravi are expected to increase by 19.4% by SSP2 and 25.4% by SSP5 in Scenario I. Similarly, the inflows of River Ravi are expected to increase by 22.4% by SSP2 and 28.4% by SSP5 in Scenario II. Based on the past observed data, it is found that average Groundwater depth decreased at a rate of 0.8 m per annum over the period from year 1996 to 2020.
Construction and Application of Intelligent Landslide Warning System Based on Fusion of Multiple Source Data
Authors: Liu Dunlong , Xie Zhaoyang , Tang Dan , Sang Xuejia , Zhang Shaojie , Chen Qiao
Published: February 2024

Deformation development of landslides is a complex process that usually requires the deployment of various monitoring devices on a slope to obtain data from multiple sources for effective analysis. Only through this process can an accurate judgment be made regarding the entire evolutionary trend of slope deformation. Monitoring data obtained through multiple sensors have a certain degree of correlation, randomness, and redundancy. The effective processing of these data is crucial for monitoring and providing warnings. Given that machine learning is adept at uncovering implicit patterns from heterogeneous data sources, it is well suited for predicting landslide deformation with multi-factor monitoring. The sample dataset forms the foundation for training the models, and the quality and quantity of the dataset directly affect its accuracy and generalization ability. However, significant deformation in landslide bodies is relatively rare, leading to an imbalance in the collected sample dataset. To address this issue, this study proposed the genetic algorithm improved multi-classification-genetic-synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE)-algorithm (GAMCGSA). Building on the multi-classification-genetic-SMOTE-algorithm (MCGSA), it integrated genetic algorithms to determine the optimal sampling rate. Based on this rate, new samples were generated, avoiding the creation of a large number of synthetic samples and effectively addressing the issue of sample imbalance. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was employed to process non-image data from multiple sources, resulting in the development of an intelligent landslide warning model. According to the test results, the F1 score of this model reached 84.2% with an accuracy of 90.8%, surpassing those of traditional machine learning models. Based on the developed warning model and utilizing popular development frameworks, geographic information systems, and database technologies, an intelligent landslide monitoring warning system was constructed. This system integrates intelligent landslide monitoring and warning services, and provides scientific and reliable technical support for landslide disaster prevention and reduction.
Pterional vs Lateral Supraorbital Approach in the Management of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms: Insights from a Phantom Model Study
Authors: Amini Amir , Swiatek Vanessa , Stein Klaus-Peter , Rashidi Ali , Sandalcioglu I. Erol , Neyazi Belal
Published: February 2024

Background
The pterional approach has traditionally been employed for managing middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms. With potential benefits like reduced surgical morbidity and improved postoperative recovery, the lateral supraorbital approach (LSO) should be considered individually based on aneurysm morphology, location and patient-specific variations of the MCA anatomy, which requires considerable technical expertise traditionally acquired through years of experience.
Objective
Development and evaluation of a novel Phantom simulator in the context of clinical decision-making in the managmement of MCA aneurysm.
Materials and Methods
High-fidelity Phantom simulators inclusive of MCA models with identical M1- and bifurcation aneurysms were manufactured employing 3D reconstruction techniques, additive manufacturing and rheological testings. Medical students, neurosurgical residents, and seasoned neurosurgeons (n = 22) tested and evaluated both approaches. Clipping quality, participants’ performances and progress over time were assessed based on objective metrics.
Results
The simulator received positive ratings in face and content validity, with mean scores of 4.9 out of 5, respectively. Objective evaluation demonstrated the model’s efficacy as a training and assessment tool. While requiring more technical expertise, results of the comparative analysis suggest that the LSO approach can improve clipping precision and outcome particularly in patients with shorter than average M1-segments.
Conclusion
The employed methodology allowed a direct comparison of the pterional and LSO approaches, revealing comparable success rates via the LSO while reducing operation time and complication rate. The Phantom proved to be an effective training, particularly among inexperienced participants. Future research should aim to establish simulators in the context of clinical decision making.