bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СОСТАВА ВИРУСНЫХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ КЛОНОВЫХ ПОДВОЕВ КОСТОЧКОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР В КАЗАХСТАНЕ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗМНОЖЕНИЯ IN VITRO ЗДОРОВЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ
Authors: Кабылбекова Балнур , Нурсейтова Тойгул , Юсупова Зарина , Ковальчук Ирина , Чуканова Нина , Уразаева Марина , Маденова Айгуль
Published: October 2024

Одной из важных задач питомниководства в Казахстане является необходимость производства не только рядового, а безвирусного сертифицированного посадочного материала. Первым шагом в этом направлении с целью перевооружения садоводства в республике является закладка исходных маточных насаждений безвирусным посадочным материалом. Решение этих вопросов стало возможным с разработкой и внедрением биотехнологических систем в питомниководство. В статье представлены состав вирусных болезней клоновых подвоев косточковых культур в Казахстане и результаты усовершенствования протокола их клонального микроразмножения на различных этапах. Коллекция клоновых подвоев для сливы, абрикоса и персика, состоящая из 9 генотипов, протестирована на наличие 7 вирусов. Согласно результату ПЦР анализа, клоновые подвои свободны от вирусных болезней, а у формы №3 дикорастущего абрикоса P. armeniaca обнаружен вирус Plum pox potyvirus (PPV).
Свободные от основных вирусов растения вводили в асептическую культуру in vitro. Проведенные эксперименты показали, что побеги подвоев косточковых культур эффективно стерилизовать от сапрофитной микрофлоры 0,2% HgCl2 в экспозиции 3 и 4 минуты. В этом случае количество способных регенерировать составляет 70% и 80%. Лучшей для введения эксплантов является питательная среда МС– 0,2-0,4 мг/л БАП, 2,0 мг/л аскорбиновой кислоты, 0,5мг/л B1, 0,5мг/л B6, 0,5 мг/л PP и 30 мг/л сахарозы. Оптимальная среда для клонального размножения in vitro – МС с содержанием витаминов 0,1 мг/л В1, 0,5 мг/л В6, 0,5 мг/л РР, 1 мг/л С, 100 мг/л мезоинозита, 2 мг/л глицина, 0,8 мг/л 6-БАП. У эксплантов, культивируемых на этой среде отмечено хорошее развитие конгломератов, высота побегов в пределах 1,5-2,5 см. В культуру in vitro введены и размножены 7 клоновых подвоев косточковых культур свободных от вирусных инфекций.
ДИАГНОСТИКА ВИРОИДА ЛАТЕНТНОЙ МОЗАИКИ ПЕРСИКА (PLMVD) МЕТОДОМ ОТ-ПЦР
Authors: Надирова Лейла , Станбекова Гульшан , Искаков Булат , Жигайлов Андрей
Published: October 2024

Вироиды, мельчайшие растительные патогены, наносят значительный экономический ущерб сельскому хозяйству во всем мире. В настоящее время большое внимание уделяется их своевременной диагностике с целью предотвращения их дальнейшего распространения. Впервые на территории Республики Казахстан была проведена молекулярная диагностика вироида PLMVd – возбудителя латентной мозаики персика, входящего в перечень карантинных патогенов на территории стран ЕАЭС. Образцы листьев груш, вишен, персиков и абрикосов, собранных в Алматинской области, были проанализированы на присутствие вироида. Обратная транскрипция с последующей полимеразной цепной реакцией (ОТ-ПЦР) в присутствии разработанных нами специфичных праймеров, выявила в двух образцах персика, произрастающих на территории г. Алматы и Карасайском районе Алматинской области, ДНК-фрагмент длиной 338 пар нуклеотидов. ПЦР-продукты были клонированы в бактериальный вектор с последующим определением их нуклеотидной последовательности. Секвенирование по Сэнгеру и проведенный BLAST-анализ подтвердили присутствие нуклеиновой кислоты PLMVd в изучаемых образцах. Сравнительный анализ нуклеотидных последовательностей местных изолятов PLMVd показал их сходство между собой на 95,5% и на 81-96% с опубликованными вариантами из других стран.
ТҮРКІСТАН ОБЛЫСЫНЫҢ БАҚТАРЫНА АЛМАНЫҢ ТАЗ-ҚОТЫР ЖӘНЕ АҚ ҰНТАҚ ПАТОГЕНІНЕ ФИТОСАНИТАРЛЫҚ ДИАГНОСТИКА
Authors: Ғалымбек Қанат , Маденова Айгүл , Бакиров Серік , Айтымбет Жанкелды , Калдыбаева Динара , Әбдікәрімова Райгүл
Published: October 2024

Бау-бақша шаруашылығы Түркістан облысының басты шаруашылық бағыттарының негізі болып табылады. Облыста бұл саланың дамуына жағдай жасалып, қарқынды даму үстінде. Жоғары сапалы өнім алу үшін Түркістан облысының жағдайына өсіруге бейімделген, аурулардың дамуына төзімді жоғары өнімді сорттарды өсіру қажет. Облыста аудандастырылған және селекция жетістіктерімен жетілдірілген жергілікті сорттар көптеп өсірілуде. Алма жемісінің сапасы мен өнімділігіне тежеуші фактор ретінде саңырауқұлақ ауруларын жатқызуға болады. Соның ішінде Таз-қотыр (Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G.) және ақ ұнтақ (Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E.S. Salmon) ауруы салдарынан алма бақтарындағы жемістердің көлемі мен сапасының төмендеуіне, жемістердің мерзімінен бұрын түсуіне, келесі жылғы жеміс бүршіктерінің нашар дамуына алып келеді. 2023 жылы Түркістан облысы, Қазығұрт ЖШС "Ақниет Агро" және Түлкібас, ШҚ "Коктал" шаруашылығының алма бағында саңырауқұлақ ауруын анықтау жұмысы жүргізілді. Маршруттық зерттеу жүргізілген жалпы егіс көлемі 74 га құрайды. Бақта Самуред, Старкримсон, Айдаред, Гала, Фуджи және Голден Делишес алма ағаш сортын негіз ете отырып өсірген. Бұл жылы Қазығұрт ауданының бақтарында ақ ұнтақ ауруының инфекциясы байқалмады. Самуред сортының 303 ағашынан таз-қотыр анықталды, ауруға шалдыққан ағаштың пайыздық көрсеткіші 3,7%. Фуджи сортынан таз-қотыр мен ақ ұнтақ ауруы байқалмады. Қазығұрт ЖШС "Ақниет Агро" бақтарындағы алма ағаш жапырақтарында ақ ұнтақ инфекциясы байқалмады. Түлкібас, ШҚ "Коктал" бақтарында алма ағаш жапырақтарынан таз-қотыр ауруының белгілері байқалмады. Айдаред сортының 36,11% ағашы ақ ұнтақ патогенін жұқтырған, Голден Делишес және Старкримсон сорттарынан ақ ұнтақ инфекциясы байқалмады. Алынған нәтижелерге сүйене отырып таз-қотыр және ақ ұнтақ ауруымен күресудің нақты шараларын жасауға және өнім сапасын кемітпеуге мүмкіндік береді. Патогенге жоғары төзімді деп табылған сорттарды иммунитет селекциясында донор ретінде ұсынуға болады.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ КУЛЬТУРАЛЬНО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И БИОХИМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ШТАММОВ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS
Authors: Әділханқызы Айнура , Дуйсембеков Бахытжан
Published: October 2024

В лабораторных условиях были изучены культурально-морфологические и биохимических свойства штаммов, принадлежащих к группе Bacillus thuringiensis, с целью дальнейшего их отбора, перспективных в качестве продуцентов биопрепаратов энтомоцидного действия в отношении вредных насекомых. По результатам серологической идентификации выделенные нами бактерии были отнесены к трем серотипам: 3a3b3c – подвида Bt kurstaki; H4ab – подвида Bt sotto и 31 серотип повида Bt toguchini. По проведенным анализам нами было установлено, что изучаемые бактерии в природе чаще всего встречаются 3a3b3c серотипа, относящиеся к подвиду Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (84%). В настоящее время данный подвид наиболее широко применяется в качестве основы бактериальных биопрепаратов.
Вместе с тем, изучали рост микроорганизмов на разных питательных средах. По результатам наших исследований, среда «А» оказалась более благоприятной для штаммов бактерии B. thuringiensis, так как компоненты, содержащиеся в этой среде, обеспечивают питательные потребности данной культуры. Эта среда использовалась как рабочая среда для выделения бактерий из естественных субстратов, при дальнейших пересевах, а также при хранении бактерий на длительное время.
СУАРУ ЖӘНЕ МИНЕРАЛДЫҚ ҚОРЕКТЕНДІРУ РЕЖИМДЕРІН РЕТТЕУДІҢ МАЙЛЫ ДАҚЫЛДАРДЫҢ ШАРУАШЫЛЫҚ-ҚҰНДЫ БЕЛГІЛЕРІНІҢ ҚАЛЫПТАСУЫ МЕН ӨНІМДІЛІГІНЕ ӘСЕРІ
Authors: Бейсенбаева Маусымжан , Жаппарова Айгул , Сыдық Досымбек , Караева Карлыга , Наушабаев Асхат , Абдуова Айсұлу
Published: October 2024

Мақалада Қазақстанның оңтүстігінде 2019-2021 жылдар аралығында «Оңтүстік Батыс мал және өсімдік шаруашылығы ғылыми - зерттеу институтының» тәжірибе танабында зерттелініп, ауыспалы егіс жүйесінде күздік бидайдан соң орналастырылған майбұршақ дақылына сумен қамтамасыз ету және әртүрлі тыңайтқыштарды пайдаланудың әсері көрсетілген. Оңтүстік аймақтардың климаттық жағдайына байланысты суармалы судың тапшылығы жыл сайын артып келеді. Сондықтан суару режимі мен суды үнемдеу технологиясын жасау кезінде суармалы жерлер жағдайындағы топырақтың су-физикалық, агрохимиялық қасиеттерін білу, сонымен қатар ауыл шаруашылық дақылдарынан жоғары өнім алу үшін топырақ құрамындағы қоректік элементтердің мөлшерін анықтау арқылы әртүрлі минералдық тыңайтқыштар мен өсу реттегіштерді пайдалану және оны реттеу өте маңызды және өзекті, өйткені жоғары сатыдағы өсімдіктер мен оның өнімділігі көп жағдайда осы мәселелерге тәуелді болып табылады. Зерттеудің алғашқы жылында қолданылған суару нормасына сәйкес топырақ ылғалдылығы мен әртүрлі тыңайтқыштарды қолдануға байланысты өсімдік биіктігі 88,9 см, ең төменгі қауашақ байлау биіктігі 10,7 см, 1000 дәннің массасы 123,2 г құрады, соған байланысты ең жоғарғы майбұршақ дәнінің өнімділігі 33,5 ц/га болды.
АКТИНОМИЦЕТТЕРДІҢ ӨСУІ МЕН ДАМУЫНА ПЕСТИЦИДТЕРДІҢ ӘСЕР ЕТУ СИПАТЫ
Authors: Науанова Айнаш , Жеделбаева Айгуль , Алгожина Асия , Жакипова Аида
Published: October 2024

Аңдатпа
Биоремедиация – қоршаған ортаны ластаушы заттарды жоюдың табиғи, экологиялық таза және үнемді тәсілдерінің бірі. Биоремедиация кезінде улы органикалық және бейорганикалық ластаушы заттардың биодеградациясына қатысатын микробтық ферменттер деградацияға ұшыраған топырақтың биологиялық және физикалық-химиялық қасиеттерін қалпына келтіру үшін экологиялық таза, әсерлі, қауіпсіз және тиімді шара болып табылады. Біздің елімізде биоремедиация мақсатында бірнеше микробтық фермент қана қолданылады, ал микроағзалардың орасан көп алуандығы әлі де толық зерттелмеген. Топырақ актиномицеттерінің ішінен пестицидтерді ыдыратуда тиімділігі жоғары штаммдарды оқшаулау үшін микроағзалар құрамында ксенобиотиктер бар агарланған қоректік ортаға себілді. Ксенобиотиктер ретінде ауыл шаруашылық саласында кеңінен қолданылатын пестицидтер қолданылды. Зерттеу барысында тәжірибелік нұсқаларда актиномицеттер штаммдарының көпшілігінің өсуі мен дамуы пестицидтердің әсерінен төмендегені анықталды. Бірақ бұл пестицидтердің уытты әсеріне қарамастан, кейбір актиномицеттер штаммдары өсуге қабілетті болды, бұл олардың деструктивті белсенділігін дәлелдейді. Деструктивті белсенділігі бойынша 16 штамм, 31 штамм, 46 штамм, 49 штамм, және 59 штамм атап өтуге болады. Актиномицеттердің берілген штаммдары биологиялық препараттарды жасауға және пайдалану мақсатында коллекция жасау үшін таңдалды.
Benefícios da comunicação à família no serviço de urgência: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Fernandes Ivone , Dixe Maria dos Anjos
Published: October 2024

Enquadramento: a família que acompanha o doente crítico ao Serviço de Urgência, faz parte integrante do doente crítico e da prestação dos cuidados. Objetivo: sintetizar a evidência científica da eficácia da comunicação/informação realizada pelo enfermeiro na diminuição da ansiedade, stress, aceitação da doença/saúde/ aumento da segurança do doente e família. Metodologia: revisão Sistemática da Literatura teve por base a metodologia PICO, procedeu-se à pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed CINAHL, Medline, SciELO e Scopus realizada em novembro de 2022. Resultados: identificados 539 artigos, sendo que após retirados os artigos duplicados, os que não cumpriam os critérios de inclusão e qualidade metodológica, o estudo foi suportado em 5 artigos, nestes estudos participaram familiares, com mais de 18 anos, recrutados no Serviço de Urgência. A diminuição dos níveis de ansiedade e o aumento da aceitação da doença foi verificada na maioria dos estudos. Conclusão: verificou-se que a família do doente crítico no Serviço de Urgência beneficia da existência do Enfermeiro Facilitador da Comunicação/informação, havendo necessidade de mais investigação sobre esta temática, sendo importante envolver os enfermeiros para esta temática.
The Benefits of the Adoption of Smart Agriculture in Oil Palm Estates: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohd Nadzuar Norfazira , Abdul Fatah Fazleen , Saili Abdul Rahman , Abang Ahmad Dayang Siti Norhafiza , Ali Fazlin , Aziz Nur Nabila Huda , Wondi Mohd Hafizz , Ekawati Ekawati
Published: October 2024

Palm oil is an incredibly efficient crop because it is a natural, renewable resource with multiple uses. It is used in food, cosmetics and even biofuel. It is used in food products, detergents, cosmetics and even biofuel. The palm oil industry employs millions of people and is an essential source of income for many developing countries. Smart agriculture is the future for Malaysian oil palm plantations via the adoption of new technology. It will provide a solid foundation for precision agriculture to increase productivity in oil palm production. The purpose of this study is to discover the benefits of smart agriculture in oil palm estates in Malaysia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain an in-depth understanding of the benefits of the technology in oil palm estate. Interviews were conducted with a total of twelve estate managers and assistant managers of oil palm estates in Malaysia. The interview was transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Based on the findings, the participant mentioned that the use of smart agriculture technology has helped the estate in terms of increasing efficiency, reducing labour use and saving time. Therefore, with these transformative technologies, the oil palm industry will continue to thrive to ensure that this industry remains viable and sustainable.
Design of Low Power Control Unit for RISC-V Processor Core
Authors: Chan Jien Sern , Chong Li Ting , Mat Jubadi Warsuzarina , Eh Kan Chessda Uttraphan , Lai Jun Boon
Published: October 2024

This research work focuses on the development of a low-power decode logic for a RISC-V processor core with specifications. The goal is to create a controller that performs all six groups of instruction formats outlined in the RV32I Base Integer Instruction Set. The control unit is designed to decode a total of 13 instruction sets, allowing for a comprehensive range of operations. A single instruction pipeline approach is implemented in the design to optimize performance. The synthesis of the design is carried out using the 32 nm standard library, resulting in a maximum operating frequency of 666.67 MHz. To further enhance power efficiency, clock gating techniques are employed, leading to a reduction in power consumption by 18.72 % from 112.15 µW to 91.45 µW. Additionally, the layout of the design is optimized, resulting in an area of 354.74 mm2. The successful development of this low-power decode logic demonstrates its potential for integration into larger RISC-V processor cores. Future enhancements can include expanding the instruction decoding capability to encompass the full range of 47 instructions in the RV32I Base Integer Instruction Set, as well as exploring additional pipeline stages to further improve performance. The results achieved in this project contribute to the ongoing pursuit of power-efficient and high-performance processor designs based on the RISC-V architecture.
Depression Detection on Mandarin Text through Bert Model
Authors: Cheah Wai Shiang , Yung Teck Kiong , Pradana Mahir , Sharbiniung Hamizan , Yanto Iwan Tri Riyadi
Published: October 2024

Depression is currently one of the most prevalent mental disorders and its incidence has been rising significantly in Malaysia amid the Covid-19 pandemic. While previous studies have demonstrated the potential of artificial intelligence technology in analysing social media texts to detect signs of depression, most of these studies have focused on English textual content. Considering that Mandarin is the second most widely spoken language worldwide, it is worthwhile to explore depression detection techniques specifically tailored for Mandarin textual content. This research aims to examine the effectiveness of the BERT model in text classification, particularly for detecting depression in Mandarin. The study proposes the utilization of the BERT model to analyse social media posts related to depression. The model is trained using the WU3D dataset, which comprises a collection of over 2 million text data sourced from Sina Weibo, a prominent Chinese social media platform. Given the dataset's inherent imbalance, text augmentation techniques were employed to assess whether they contribute to improved model performance. The findings suggest that the BERT model trained on the original dataset outperformed the model trained on the augmented dataset. This implies that the BERT model is well-equipped to handle imbalanced datasets effectively. Furthermore, it is speculated that the augmented dataset did not introduce novel information or knowledge during the model training process. Notably, the highest-performing model achieved an impressive accuracy rate of 88% on the testing dataset.
Fatores que prejudicam a gestão de capital de giro de MPE industriais
Authors: Franco André Luiz , Ferraz Junior Fábio , Costa Vera Mariza Henriques de Miranda , Pimenta Junior Tabajara
Published: October 2024

A importância das micro e pequenas empresas (MPE) pode ser notada pela relevante geração de riquezas e de empregos no Brasil. Contudo, os índices de insucesso e mortalidade para esse gênero de empresas são muito elevados e têm como um dos principais causadores a dificuldade no gerenciamento do capital de giro. A realização deste estudo teve como objetivo identificar e discutir os principais fatores, no âmbito da gestão de capital de giro, que prejudicam a continuidade das atividades das MPE industriais. A pesquisa envolveu uma coleta de dados com gestores 55 MPE industriais.  Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram sete fatores mais importantes que interferem negativamente na gestão de capital de giro: formação inadequada dos gestores, acúmulo de atividade dos gestores, falta de planejamento financeiro, ausência de acompanhamento de indicadores de gestão, deficiência na gestão de estoque e produção, falta de condições de negociação com os fornecedores e restrições financeiras. Os resultados alcançados podem contribuir com a comunidade acadêmica e empresarial para ampliar a compreensão do que prejudica e dificulta a gestão de MPE, especialmente as que possuem atividade fabril.
Employee Retention Implementation Prevents Employee Turnover
Authors: Trisna Wijayanthi Ida Ayu , Subagio Mochammad , Suhendra Agus , Hartini Hartini , Amin Darmawan Alfais
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to build a hypothesis regarding the influence between variables that can later be used for further research in the scope of human resource management. The article on the application of employee retention in preventing employee turnover is a scientific literature article within the scope of the research methodology. The approach used in this literature review research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique is to use literature studies or conduct a review of relevant previous articles. The data used in this descriptive qualitative approach comes from previous research that is relevant to this research and is sourced from online academic media such as the Thomson Reuters Journal, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scopus Emerald, Sage, WoS, Sinta Journal, DOAJ, EBSCO, Google Scholar and digital reference books. In previous studies, 1 relevant previous article was used to review each independent variable. The results of this article's literature review are: 1) Employee Retention affects Employee Turnover; 2) Career Path affects Employee Turnover; 3) Organizational Commitment affects Employee Turnover; and 4) Job Satisfaction affects Employee Turnover.
Analysis of Natural Resources Contracts Related to Article 33 Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3 of the 1945 Constitution
Authors: Desafitri RB Linda , Heliaantoro Heliaantoro
Published: October 2024

This article aims to identify challenges in the implementation of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution in the context of the current global economy and offer a policy reform perspective to align natural resource management practices with the spirit of the constitution. Qualitative research methods are used by reviewing related scientific literature. The findings show a discrepancy between the principle of state control over natural resources and the practice of market liberalization. Key challenges include conflicts between state and market management, neglect of environmental conservation, and misalignment with global commitments to sustainability. To address these challenges, policy reforms are needed that integrate Article 33 principles in regulation, emphasize environmental sustainability, and be consistent with global commitments and public involvement in decision-making. This reform aims to ensure that the management of natural resources complies with the spirit of the constitution and provides maximum benefits for the welfare of the people and environmental sustainability. With these measures, Indonesia can more effectively align natural resource management practices with constitutional principles and achieve better welfare for the people and protect the environment.
Analisis Metode Qiyas Imam Syafi’i
Authors: Lutfi Zarkasi  , Raffi Achmad
Published: October 2024

Ushul fiqh is a very important science in producing Islamic law that is responsive and adaptable to contemporary problems, because it is a science that contains a collection of methods, basics, approaches and theories used in understanding Islamic teachings. This research was conducted using the library research method, which involves taking and collecting data from various literature sources that are relevant to the problem being researched. The majority of ulama agree that qiyas is a form of proof or argument that comes from the Al-Quran and Sunnah to determine the law regarding a case that has not been regulated in the main text. However, there are views that do not agree with the qiyas method, as expressed by Abu Zaid and Fazlur Rahman. They argue that qiyas is an imperfect and less convincing form of analogy, because it assumes ambiguity in the Al-Quran and Sunnah, so it requires explanation through the process of analogy. Criticism of As-Shafi'i epistemology by Al-Jabiri highlights the use of bayani thinking in understanding texts, with language as the main tool. Nevertheless, As-Syafi'i's contribution in developing ulus al-fiqh had a spectacular impact.
An Assessment of Poverty Reduction Strategies Implemented by District Assemblies in Ghana: The Experience of Beneficiaries in Savelugu-Nanton
Authors: Abdallah Hakim
Published: October 2024

Poverty reduction remains a significant challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ghana, where district assemblies are tasked with implementing local interventions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of poverty reduction interventions by the Savelugu- Nanton Municipal Assembly (SNMA), focusing on infrastructure and non-infrastructure programmes. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered from 353 households and supplemented with insights from 32 opinion leaders and 4 key informants. Infrastructure interventions, including roads, dams, and electricity, were reported to have significantly improved livelihoods, with 60.1% of respondents citing enhanced economic opportunities. These findings align with literature emphasizing infrastructure’s critical role in poverty alleviation by facilitating access to markets and services (Adjei & Osei, 2021). Conversely, non- infrastructure interventions, particularly the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) programme, were less effective. While LEAP improved social inclusion, 80.2% of respondents indicated dissatisfaction with its impact on economic independence. This supports critiques of cash transfer programmes that advocate integrating them with vocational training and credit access for sustainable outcomes (Owusu, 2020). The study further underscores the importance of participatory governance. Limited beneficiary involvement in planning contributed to a misalignment between interventions and community needs. As Freire (1970) posits, active community participation enhances programme relevance and sustainability. Additionally, the financial sustainability of these programmes remains at risk due to SNMA’s reliance on external funding. Strengthening local resource mobilisation through taxes and levies is critical for long-term success (Ndlovu- Gatsheni, 2020). Overall, this study highlights the need for sustainable infrastructure investment, restructuring non-infrastructure interventions for long-term economic empowerment, and fostering participatory governance to ensure effective poverty reduction.
Object Detection for Indoor Localization System
Authors: Bagade Ravi , Killiketar Kavita
Published: October 2024

Indoor localization systems have gained significant attention in recent years due to their applications in various fields such as smart homes, retail environments, and healthcare facilities. This paper presents an innovative approach to indoor localization through the integration of object detection techniques, aiming to enhance accuracy and efficiency in identifying and locating objects within indoor spaces. We explore the use of advanced deep learning algorithms, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to detect and classify objects in real-time. Our methodology involves collecting a comprehensive dataset of indoor environments, training a robust object detection model, and implementing it in a localization framework that utilizes both visual and spatial data. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed system achieves high detection accuracy and reduced localization errors, outperforming traditional methods. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of leveraging object recognition to improve user experience and navigation in complex indoor settings. This research contributes to the evolving field of indoor localization and offers a foundation for future developments in intelligent indoor navigation systems.
The Effects of Climate Change on Kenya’s Economic Growth
Authors: Erickson Matundura
Published: October 2024

Changes in the climate and natural disasters have hampered Kenya's growth in economy, as seen by periodic droughts, floods, and shifts in rainfall and temperature patterns. The research investigated the effects of climatic change on Kenya's GDP growth. Modeling was done using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model estimation technique while analyzing data from 1990 to 2023. Climate change was represented by annual rainfall fluctuations, carbon emissions, and forest depletion, with inflation, exchange rates, and government spending serving as the controlling factors. The regression results indicated that at 5% level of significance short run carbon emissions affect growth negatively but the long run results indicated a positive effect. Forest depletion positively impacts growth in the long run period. Government expenditure, changes in the exchange rate and economic growth had an inverse relationship. Inflation did not have potential long term impact on GDP. This study recommended that the government to balance economic growth with environmental sustainability by promoting cleaner technologies and renewable energy projects. Investments advanced irrigation and drought resistant crops are crucial. Sustainable forest management should involve controlled logging and reforestation to ensure long term health. Reducing exchange rate volatility through foreign reserves and diversified exports will stabilize the economy. Enhancing government expenditure efficiency by focusing on high return investments and minimizing waste will boost GDP stability.
Architects of change
Authors: Schreiber Tanja
Published: October 2024

Reassessing conventional evolutionary beliefs on the egalitarian nature of hunter-gatherer societies, this research explores overlooked dimensions of social organisation, addressing aspects such as social inequality and its contestation through the conscious manipulation of space within fortified settlements in West Siberia. Academic discourse often marginalises emerging economic imbalances in hunter-gatherer societies as mere preconditions for farming and social stratification. However, this research confronts such oversimplified narratives that typically distinguish between ‘simple’ and ‘complex’ hunter-gatherers. Drawing on Graeber and Wengrow’s (2021) critique of these classifications in
The Dawn of Everything
, the study advocates for a nuanced perspective on social inequality and the diverse societal responses to it.

The case study of fortified hunter-gatherer settlements in West Siberia challenges perceptions of human history, showing foragers building fortifications for over eight millennia. Global archaeological evidence usually connects such structures in foraging communities to surplus economies and socio-political inequalities. To investigate whether the fortified sites in Siberia can also be correlated with socio-economic differentiation, I employ a standard statistical approach based on the Gini index, while critically scrutinising its application to archaeological contexts. The study assesses changing patterns of social inequality in this region over time. Its findings reveal architectural adjustments as responses to societal changes, potentially fostering denser cohabitation to strengthen communal solidarity amidst rising social inequalities. Despite Graeber and Wengrow’s (2021) criticism of the Gini index, this inquiry empirically resonates with their concept of societal self-awareness and flexibility, highlighting the agency of people as ‘architects’ of their own social arrangements and enriching our understanding of societal dynamics in the past.
On the Origin of the Ancient, Large-scale Cold Front in the Perseus Cluster of Galaxies
Authors: Bellomi Elena , ZuHone John A. , Weinberger Rainer , Walker Stephen A. , Zhuravleva Irina , Ruszkowski Mateusz , Markevitch Maxim
Published: October 2024

The intracluster medium of the Perseus Cluster exhibits spiral-shaped X-ray surface brightness discontinuities known as “cold fronts,” which simulations indicate are caused by the sloshing motion of the gas after the passage of a subcluster. Recent observations of Perseus have shown that these fronts extend to large radii. In this work, we present simulations of the formation of sloshing cold fronts in Perseus using the AREPO magnetohydrodynamics code, to produce a plausible scenario for the formation of the large front at a radius of 700 kpc. Our simulations explore a range of subcluster masses and impact parameters. We find that low-mass subclusters cannot generate a cold front that can propagate to such a large radius, and that small impact parameters create too much turbulence, which leads to the disruption of the cold front before it reaches such a large distance. Subclusters that make only one core passage produce a stable initial front that expands to large radii, but without a second core passage of the subcluster, other fronts are not created at a later time in the core region. We find a small range of simulations with subclusters with mass ratios of R ∼ 1:5 and an initial impact parameter of θ ∼ 20°–25° that not only produce the large cold front but a second set in the core region at later times. These simulations indicate that the “ancient” cold front is ∼6–8.5 Gyr old. For the simulations providing the closest match with observations, the subcluster has completely merged into the main cluster.
Halo Bias in the Peak Model: A First-principles Nonparametric Approach
Authors: Salvador-Solé Eduard , Manrique Alberto
Published: October 2024

The Press–Schechter (PS) and excursion set (ES) models of structure formation fail in reproducing the halo bias found in simulations, while the ES-peaks' formalism built in the peak model reproduces it only at high masses and does not address in a fully satisfactory manner peak nesting, and the mass and time of ellipsoidal collapse of triaxial peaks in the Gaussian-smoothed density field. Here, we apply the confluent system of peak trajectories formalism fixing all these issues from first principles and with no free parameters to infer the Lagrangian local peak bias parameters, which adopt very simple analytic expressions similar to those found in the PS and ES models. The predicted Eulerian linear halo bias recovers the results of simulations. More specifically, we show that the only small departure observed at intermediate and low masses can be due to the spurious halo splitting and grouping caused by the spherical overdensity halo-finding algorithm used in simulations.
Galaxy–Absorber Association in the Epoch of Reionization: Galactic Population Luminosity Distribution for Different Absorbers at 10 ≥ z ≥ 5.5
Authors: Kušmić Samir , Finlator Kristian , Huscher Ezra , Steen Maya
Published: October 2024

How do galaxies of different luminosities contribute to the metal absorber populations of varying species and strength? We present our analysis of the predicted metal contributions from galaxies as observed in quasar absorption line spectra during the end of the epoch of reionization (10 ≥ z ≥ 5.5). This was done by implementing on-the-fly particle tracking into the latest Technicolor Dawn simulation and then linking C ii, C iv, Si ii, Si iv, O i, and Mg ii absorbers to host galaxies in postprocessing. We define the host galaxy luminosity distribution (HGLD) as the rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity distribution of galaxies contributing ions to an absorber, weighted by the fractional contribution, and compute its dependence on ion and absorber strength. The HGLD shape is predicted to be indistinguishable from the field luminosity function, indicating that there is no relationship between the absorber strength or ion and the luminosity of the dominant contributing galaxy. Switching from galaxy luminosity to stellar mass, the predicted host galaxy mass distributions (HGMDs) indicate that more-massive galaxies contribute a higher fraction of metal ions to absorbers of each species, with the HGMDs of stronger absorbers extending out to higher masses. We conclude that the fraction of absorbing metal ions contributed by galaxies increases weakly with stellar mass, but the scatter in luminosity at fixed stellar mass obscures this relationship. For the same reason, we predict that observational analyses of the absorber–galaxy relationship will uncover stronger trends with stellar mass than with luminosity.
SSMM-DS: A semantic segmentation model for mangroves based on Deeplabv3+ with swin transformer
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Yang Jinlong , Dong Chuansheng , Zhang Xi , Yi Congqin , Sun Jiuhu
Published: October 2024

Mangrove wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining species diversity. However, they face threats from habitat degradation, deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Detecting changes in mangrove wetlands is essential for understanding their ecological implications, but it remains a challenging task. In this study, we propose a semantic segmentation model for mangroves based on Deeplabv3+ with Swin Transformer, abbreviated as SSMM-DS. Using Deeplabv3+ as the basic framework, we first constructed a data concatenation module to improve the contrast between mangroves and other vegetation or water. We then employed Swin Transformer as the backbone network, enhancing the capability of global information learning and detail feature extraction. Finally, we optimized the loss function by combining cross-entropy loss and dice loss, addressing the issue of sampling imbalance caused by the small areas of mangroves. Using GF-1 and GF-6 images, taking mean precision (mPrecision), mean intersection over union (mIoU), floating-point operations (FLOPs), and the number of parameters (Params) as evaluation metrics, we evaluate SSMM-DS against state-of-the-art models, including FCN, PSPNet, OCRNet, uPerNet, and SegFormer. The results demonstrate SSMM-DS's superiority in terms of mIoU, mPrecision, and parameter efficiency. SSMM-DS achieves a higher mIoU (95.11%) and mPrecision (97.79%) while using fewer parameters (17.48M) compared to others. Although its FLOPs are slightly higher than SegFormer's (15.11G vs. 9.9G), SSMM-DS offers a balance between performance and efficiency. Experimental results highlight SSMM-DS's effectiveness in extracting mangrove features, making it a valuable tool for monitoring and managing these critical ecosystems.
Global long-run convergence of carbon emissions and intensity vis-à-vis countries' industrial profiles
Authors: Wei Yigang , Cheong Tsun Se , Wojewodzki Michal , Shi Xunpeng
Published: October 2024

We examined distribution dynamics and the long-run evolution of cross-country relative per capita carbon emissions (REPC) and intensity (RCI) vis-à-vis countries' two factors: industrial and services sectors' output. Unlike other researchers, we employed two visual tools of the distribution dynamics approach and used a panel of 217 countries. We ranked the countries based on the two factors and grouped them into four quartiles (Q1 to Q4) for each factor, resulting in eight subsamples. The results suggested long-run absolute convergence in REPC (RCI) only among highly industrialized (Q3 and Q4) countries. However, two to four convergence clubs emerged within the remaining subsamples. Besides a few (many) of the least (the most) industrialized countries converging towards the global average RCI, clubs occur at levels significantly below or above the worldwide average. The convergence was more (less) significant and towards higher (lower) REPC and RCI values for economies with low (high) industrialization. We constructed a policy priority list consisting of the least services-oriented (Q1) countries with REPC (RCI) values of 3 (7.4) and 20 (30) percent probability of further divergence from the global average in the coming years. From the perspective of climate policies aiming at reducing and converging carbon emissions, these countries require the urgent development and implementation of coordinated, bespoke policies and ongoing monitoring.
Lipschitz estimate for elliptic equations with oscillatory coefficients
Authors: Yeh Li-Ming
Published: October 2024

Regularity for elliptic equations with oscillatory coefficients was concerned. Problem domains were periodic and consisted of a connected region with normal permeability and a disconnected matrix block subset with high permeability. Coefficients of the elliptic equations depending on the permeability of the domains were highly oscillatory. Let $ {\epsilon}\in(0, 1) $ be the periodic size of domain, $ {\epsilon}\mu\in(0, 1) $ the size ratio of a matrix block to the whole domain, and $ \omega^2\in(1, \infty) $ the permeability ratio of the disconnected matrix block subset to the connected sub-region of the domains. This work presented Lipschitz estimate uniformly in $ {\epsilon}, \mu, \omega $ for the Green's functions and the solutions of the elliptic equations.
Dark and bright hump solitons in the realm of the quintic Benney-Lin equation governing a liquid film
Authors: Hamali Waleed , Zogan Hamad , Altherwi Abdulhadi A.
Published: October 2024

This study explored and examined soliton solutions for the Quintic Benney-Lin equation (QBLE), which describes the dynamic of liquid films, using the Riccati modified extended simple equation method (RMESEM). The proposed approach, which is designed for nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs), effectively generates a large number of soliton solutions for the given QBLE, which basically captures the fundamental dynamics of the system. The rational, hyperbolic, rational-hyperbolic, trigonometric, and exponential forms of the scientifically specified soliton solutions are the main determinants of the hump solitons. We used 2D, 3D, and contour visualizations to offer accurate representations of the researched soliton phenomena associated with these solutions. These representations revealed the existence of dark and bright hump solitons in the framework of the QBLE and offer a thorough way to examine the model's behavioral characteristics in the liquid film by analyzing the QBLE model's soliton dynamics. Moreover, applying the suggested approach advances our knowledge of the unique features of the other similar NPDEs and the underlying dynamics.
Computational study of a homogenized nonlinear generalization of Timoshenko beam proposed by Turco et al.
Authors: Espino Jose Manuel Torres , Barchiesi Emilio
Published: October 2024

Mechanical metamaterials are most often assemblies of stocky beam elements connected through rigid connections, hinges, or flexural joints. The description of these materials through classical beam theories is challenging because of the wide variety of complex phenomena observed in the severe deformation regime mechanical metamaterials must undergo and because most classical beam theories can only be applied to elements with sufficiently high slenderness. In the spirit of Hencky, Turco et al. (2020) has recently formulated an intrinsically discrete nonlinear elastic model suitable for the design of mechanical metamaterials. The objective of this contribution was to present a numerical study of the nonlinear generalization of the Timoshenko beam that results from the asymptotic homogenization of the discrete model introduced by Turco et al. The present numerical study took into account several loading cases and elucidated the sensitivity of the homogenized continuum with respect to axial, bending, and shear stiffness parameters, as well as to load imperfections, in terms of mechanical behavior, including buckling onset and post-critical behavior. It was found that the predictions obtained with the homogenized model in the large deformation regime matched excellently with those of the discrete model proposed by Turco et al.
Dynamics between FinTech and financial market: Supply-driven or Demand-guided?
Authors: Tu Zekai , Yang Runze , Yang Cunyi
Published: October 2024

This paper examined the dynamic relationship between FinTech development and financial development using the time-varying parameter structural vector autoregression (TVP-SV-VAR) model to analyze their impulse response relationship. The results showed that the impact of FinTech development on financial development varies across different periods. In China, before the first half of 2021, financial development mainly drove FinTech development through demand. Afterward, FinTech development promoted financial development by providing new technological tools and services. In the United States, FinTech innovation and application mainly influenced financial development through supply-driven mechanisms. After the second half of 2022, as FinTech infrastructure improved, its positive impact on the financial market strengthened. The study also found that the effects of policy changes and market fluctuations on impulse responses at specific time points differed even in countries with different systems. The findings of this paper provide valuable insights for policymakers to address the challenges and opportunities brought on by FinTech.
Enhancing mental health support for international students: A digital framework for holistic well-being in higher education
Authors: Elkhodr Mahmoud , Gide Ergun , Pandey Nishant
Published: October 2024

Mental health issues among students in Australia, particularly international students, remain a significant concern in higher education. We investigated the factors contributing to the ineffectiveness of current mental health services and proposed an innovative digital solution to address these persistent challenges. We introduced a formalized "Well-being Assistive Technology Framework" designed to tackle key issues students face, including social isolation, financial difficulties, and language barriers. These challenges, while exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, continue to impact student well-being in the post-pandemic era. Based on this framework, a community-based mental health networking mobile application prototype was developed. The app aims to combat mental health issues by facilitating peer support, increasing service awareness, and overcoming language and cultural barriers. It provides a holistic approach to student well-being, incorporating features for quick access support, financial wellness, cultural integration, self-care, self-assessment, legal rights information, and community engagement. Future works involve user-based validation of the developed mobile app to assess its efficacy.
motherscholar and MotherLeader
Authors: Schnackenberg Heidi L.
Published: October 2024

“I love you more than you know.” Those were the last words I read from my son, my only child, for an hour and a half, as I watched law enforcement equipped with bullet proof vests and armed with high-powered weapons enter my son's high school across the street from my office. I didn't know at the time that it was just a swatting prank call, and I couldn't get in touch with my son to find out if he was ok. If I had ever felt the typical academic mother work-family guilt, resulting from the struggle between work and family commitments (Borelli et al., 2017), I surely never have since. That day changed everything.
Self-Care and Emotional Well-Being of a Women Educators
Authors: N. J. Elsy
Published: October 2024

Women educators play a vital role in universities, yet their demanding careers can significantly impact their emotional well-being. This paper explores the challenges they face, including societal expectations, workload pressures, and the potential consequences of neglecting self-care. This research delves deeper into the lived experiences of self-care through an interpretative phenomenological analysis. By analyzing the narrative of a female educator, gain insights into the complex interplay between self-care practices, emotional wellbeing, and the demands of academia. The study reveals the constant struggle to balance professional obligations with personal well-being, highlighting the need for supportive structures to prioritize women educators' mental health. Universities also play a crucial role by implementing policies that address workload management, fostering an inclusive culture, and demonstrating leadership commitment to well-being. The findings call for increased institutional support and a cultural shift towards prioritizing well-being for women in academia.
Two Centuries of Defining Moments for Black Women Higher Education Leaders in the United States
Authors: Johnson Natasha N.
Published: October 2024

Black women have made significant strides in their representation in higher education leadership in the United States over the past two centuries. They have faced barriers, yet they have also made substantial contributions to the field. Historically, Black women remain at the forefront of the struggle for equal access to education, with many earning degrees, becoming educators, and founding higher education institutions. However, their leadership roles have often been marginalized and overlooked. Despite this, Black women have persevered and made advancements in higher education administration, but they continue to face obstacles in their career paths and leadership progression. The experiences of Black women higher education leaders, including the challenges they encounter and the strategies they employ to overcome them, can provide valuable insights for improving the retention and advancement of Black women leaders. Achieving gender equality in leadership positions in higher education is a matter of fairness, and it is essential to advancing the evolving higher education landscape.
Narratives of Women Higher Education Teachers in Karnataka
Authors: Menon Vishnu Achutha
Published: October 2024

This chapter investigates the relationships between self-esteem, small group socialization, and workplace communication behaviour among women teachers in higher education institutions in Karnataka, India. Using standardized instruments, data was collected from 509 participants through offline and online surveys. Results reveal strong positive correlations between self-esteem and both small group socialization and workplace communication behaviour. Linear regression analyses confirm the predictive capabilities of self-esteem on these variables. The findings contribute to understanding professional dynamics among women educators and offer insights for supporting their career development.