bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestão Pública com Ênfase sobre Programas de Integração / Public Management with Emphasis on the Integration Program
Authors: Araújo Cyro Ribeiro de Alencar , Soares Rita Cristiane Ramacciotti Gusmão
Published: March 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo de apresentar e discutir sobre o “Programas de Integração” e da sua importância dentro das organizações. Demonstrando que este sistema tem uma forma de estratégia encontrada em manter seus novos e veteranos colaboradores atualizados, sendo relevante a transmissão sobre os seus valores, missões, visões, direitos e deveres.  Pois através disso, o Programa de Integração traz uma idéia que agrega valor e impacto para o desenvolvimento da organização. A metodologia utilizada foi a quantitativa, em que foi feito um estudo fundamentado em um referencial rico em conceitos fundamentais de alguns autores especialistas nesse assunto, definido por pesquisa bibliográfica e análise desses dados utilizados e têm como principal característica de aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre a importância de trabalhar o Programa de Integração.
Effect of Saline Irrigation on Agro-Physiological and Biochemical of Some Quinoa Cultivars Under Field Conditions
Authors: Mohamed Moatz A. , Mubarak M.H. , Okasha Salah.A.
Published: March 2019

In regions where irrigation water supplies are limited, drainage or water with salinity can be used to supplement them. Field experiments were carried out during the quinoa growing season of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at North Sinai in order to evaluate six quinoa genotypes (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under saline irrigation (5400 ppm) on growth, yield, its component, seeds chemical composition under field conditions. For plot 50% heading and maturity, the most earliness averages were 47.25 and 92.50 day, respectively for genotype Q-Q37-1, while the least earliness averages were 55.75 and 96.25 for genotypes KVLSRA 2 and KVLSRA 1, respectively. The highest averages was recorded for number of panicles/plant, plant fresh weight, plant yield weight, harvest index, 1000 seeds weight index and yield / fed-1 (ton) were 12.27, 82.32 gm, 17.83 gm, 28.89 %, 2.97 gm and 1.84 ton fed-1 ) for genotypes Q-Q37-1, Q-Q37-1, Q-Q37-1, Q-Q37-1, Q52 and Q-Q37-1, respectively. While, the lowest values were recorded for genotypes KVLSRA1, KVLSRA1, KVLSRA1, Regeolona, KVLSRA1 and KVLSRA1 with averages 8.72, 23.73gm, 5.52 gm, 22.76 %, 2.43 gm and 1.23 ton fed-1, respectively. For protein and carbohydrates total content, values ranged from 14.75 to 10.59 and from 58.13 to 54.64 % for genotypes Q52 and Regeolona, respectively. While in moisture content, values ranged from 11.66 to 10.83 for genotypes KVLSR1 and Q-Q37-1 , respectively. Also, fats content ranged from 10.44 to 7.14 % for genotypes Q52 and Regeolona, respectively. While values of saponin ranged from 0.56 to 0.37% for genotypes KVLSR1 and Regeolona, respectively.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk Anak Autis
Authors: Daroni Gangsar Ali
Published: March 2019

This study aims to describe the implementation and barriers of Indonesian language learning for autistic children at the SLB Mitra Ananda Colomadu. This research is a qualitative descriptive study where the subjects were two class teachers and four grade VII autistic students at SLB Mitra Ananda. Data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of Indonesian language learning at the Ananda Colomadu Partner Autism SLB used the ABA and Individual Learning Program (PPI) methods tailored to the students' abilities. The 2013 curriculum is difficult to implement because the limited Indonesian language learning materials did not meet the child's conditions. Various efforts have been made by the teacher to overcome these obstacles: using PPI, creating independent learning media, and learning the latest methods that are applicable to learn Indonesian for autistic children.[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan dan hambatan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk anak autis di SLB Autis Mitra Ananda Colomadu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah dua guru kelas dan empat siswa autis kelas VII di SLB Autis Mitra Ananda. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SLB Autis Mitra Ananda Colomadu menggunakan metode ABA dan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan siswa. Kurikulum 2013 tidak dapat diterapkan sepenuhnya karena materi pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi anak dan media pembelajaran yang terbatas. Berbagai upaya dilakukan guru untuk mengatasi hambatan terebut: misalnya menggunakan PPI, membuat media pembelajaran mandiri dan mempelajari berbagai metode terbaru yang dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk anak autis.]
Los efectos de la transparencia en el ámbito local. Un análisis en perspectiva de futuro
Authors: Campos Acuña Concepción
Published: March 2019

La aprobación de la LETAI ha supuesto un punto de inflexión en la organización y funcionamiento de las administraciones públicas, como una medida de regeneración democrática que permita una adecuada rendición de cuentas y el camino hacia el gobierno abierto a través de la transparencia, la participación y la colaboración. Esta transformación presenta especiales dificultades en el ámbito local, dada la compleja configuración de la planta local y la escasez de recursos personales y materiales de las entidades locales. En el presente trabajo se analiza el impacto de la transparencia en el ámbito local a través de los distintos elementos que lo integran, desde la perspectiva de la normativa básica, la autonómica y los objetivos de futuro para las entidades que integran la administración local.
Periodismo regional y conflictos sociales. Análisis de las opiniones de los diarios Correo y Los Andes de Puno (Perú) durante el conflicto social del “Aimarazo" (2011)
Authors: Angulo Giraldo Miguel Angel
Published: March 2019

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la labor de dos medios de comunicación regionales, los diarios Correo y Los Andes, respecto al conflicto social del “Aimarazo” (2011), ocurrido en el departamento de Puno (Perú). Se analizan tres cuestiones: los actores y temas mencionados en los artículos de opinión de ambos diarios, los enfoques o los frames periodísticos utilizados en estos textos y las identificaciones ideológicas de los editores de ambos diarios sobre el conflicto estudiado.En el contexto del “Aimarazo”, ambos medios repercutieron en la transformación del conflicto a través de la representación e interpretación de los acontecimientos: se señalaron causas y responsabilidades, se agudizaron las contradicciones y las oposiciones mediante una polarización (víctima-victimario) entre grupos sociales y, finalmente, se legitimaron y deslegitimaron ciertas acciones con base a identificaciones de estos medios con los grupos sociales contrapuestos.
Komplementiniai jungtukai jog ir kad senojoje ir dabartinėje lietuvių kalboje
Authors: Jasionytė-Mikučionienė Erika
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

This paper focuses on the Lithuanian complementizers kad and jog (“that”), which so far have not received any in-depth analysis, except for some observations made by the authors of the Lithuanian Grammar (1976) or Artūras Judžentis (2009) and Axel Holvoet (2010; 2015). Adopting both synchronic and diachronic perspectives and by applying a corpus-driven methodology, the present study aims to investigate the semantic functional potential of kad and jog as well as their usage and the syntactic contexts that they appear in. The analyzed data set includes both written (i.e., fiction) language and some Old Lithuanian texts from the 16th century (namely, the Postilla by Jonas Bretkūnas (1591) and the Postilla by Mikalojus Daukša (1599)).

The analysis shows that the complementizers under consideration are relatively frequent in the old Lithuanian writings, though the complementizer kad is only sporadically used in Jonas Bretkūnas’s Postilla. The conjunction kad in the Postilla by Mikalojus Daukša is most often used in different types of adverbial clauses, including time, purpose and conditional clauses. Jog, in its turn, functions as a complementizer that prototypically appears in propositional complement clauses (in both of the analyzed old texts). When, in the Daukša’s Postilla, the conjunction kad appears in complement clauses, it may take on both types (i.e., propositional as well as state-of-affairs) of complement clauses. In contemporary Lithuanian, kad has changed its functional profile and, like the complementizer jog, is most often associated with complementation strategies; i.e., it is found in propositional and state-of-affairs complement clauses. Besides, kad is more polyfunctional than jog: it can be found in insubordinate clauses and function as a discourse or an optative marker.
Senųjų raštų morfologijos duomenų bazės taikymas semantikos tyrimams: veiksmažodžių semantika
Authors: Jakulytė Dalia , Pakalniškienė Dalia
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

The Old Writings’ Morphology Database, created by Dalia Jakulytė, is adopted for semantics research by adding a semantics module. This module is created as a table of semantic features of every word form (the main entity of the database). The places for such semantic features are reserved: Meaning, Meaning Explanation, Section / Class / Type / Group, Semantic Field and Semantic Group. To verify the semantics module, the semantics of the infixed and sta stem verbs from Knyga nobažnystės (1653) was analysed on a DB basis. The semantic functions of the verbs were established.
Senųjų raštų rašybos keitimas paieškos sistemai
Authors: Šinkūnas Mindaugas
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

The Lithuanian historical corpus consists of machine-readable texts, transcribed according to the principles of documentary edition; the original spelling and the language features it encodes are preserved. Several orthographic systems were used during the various stages of the history of Lithuanian language, and some of them differ from the modern one to a relatively great extent. The historical orthography does not allow the use of language analysis tools, which were developed on the basis of the modern spelling. A link is therefore needed that would connect the historical orthography to the modern orthography used today.

In normalizing spelling, various challenges must be dealt with: the same grapheme must be differently realized without changing the orthography and by rewriting the form in the modern Lithuanian alphabet. At the same time, the normalization of phonetics has to be carried out, which includes the elimination of dialectal phonetic features and the representation of phonemes in the assimilated position. These principles can be used in constructing a universal search engine, in which queries can be processed across different orthographic systems (http://sr.lki.lt).

The size of the corpus and the available limited resources stimulate the search for an automated way of normalizing orthography. A set of rules was developed based on the empirical research on the history of orthography; these rules were then arranged hierarchically in accordance with the length of the sequence of processed characters, their implementation being limited to using the metadata according to the spelling features of a particular source. A 82–97% accuracy level of correct normalization was achieved.

The advantage of a rules-based transliteration is the consistency of changes; the disadvantage can be seen in generating not a single but several equivalents of the word, and the ambiguous rules in certain cases generate many tokens that do not exist in the natural language. The number of generated forms being fed to the search engine was reduced based on non-existent letter sequences and by narrowing the query alphabet. A further selection of the correct forms could be done using dictionaries or tools for analyzing the morphology and syntax of modern Lithuanian.
Getting high with the most high: Entheogens in the Old Testament
Authors: Nemu Danny
Published: March 2019

This article collects evidence from psychopharmacology, scripture, and archeology to explore several preparations for consumption described in the Old Testament: Manna, Showbread, the Holy Ointment, and the Tabernacle Incense. The Ointment and the Incense are herbal preparations used by the priestly caste to facilitate a direct experience of the Israelite God. A wide variety of psychoactive components are found in these preparations, including GABA-receptor agonists and modulators, opioid receptor agonists, and other agents. They are normally broken down by the body’s enzymes, and therefore orally inactive, but the Holy Ointment also contains inhibitors specific to the enzymes in question. The preparations indicate that the ancient Israelites had a profound understanding of synergism, and the way they are consumed and the taboos around them are highly suggestive of their use as psychoactive agents.
Behaviour of sandy soil reinforced with geotextile having partially and fully wrapped ends
Authors: Aria Shadi , Shukla Sanjay Kumar , Mohyeddin Alireza
Published: March 2019

The wraparound reinforcement technique has been studied recently by researchers as a way of improving the bearing capacity and load−settlement characteristics of a sand bed supporting a strip footing with a constant land width for foundation, but with the use of varying width of geotextile reinforcement. This research study presents an experimental evaluation of geotextile-reinforced sand bed enhanced with a wraparound reinforcement technique having partially and fully wrapped ends with the use of constant width of the geotextile reinforcement, but with varying land width of the foundation. Laboratory model tests were conducted to investigate the influence of the lap length coverage of wraparound ends on the load−settlement behaviour of reinforced sand. Additionally, an instrumentation programme with pressure cells was designed to study the pressure distribution in foundation sand beneath the geotextile layer. The test results reveal that fully wrapped models possess the most improved behaviour, with about 50% improvement in the bearing capacity and 50% reduction in the land width occupied by the reinforcement compared with a reinforced model without wraparound ends.
Reseña: Salazar Benítez, O. (2017). Autonomía, Género y Diversidad. Itinerarios Feministas para la Democracia Intercultural.
Authors: Bajo Enríquez Cristina
Published: March 2019

Reseña: Salazar Benítez, O. (2017). Autonomía, Género y Diversidad. Itinerarios Feministas para la Democracia Intercultural. Tirant Humanidades. Valencia
Localised pigmented villonodular synovitis of Hoffa’s fat pad- treatment using 70 degree arthroscope and superolateral portal: a case report
Authors: Magar Sumedh H. , Magar Hemant S.
Published: March 2019

The localized form of pigmented villo-nodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare pathological entity characterized by limited involvement of the synovium. The knee is the most commonly affected joint, and the disorder presents as a nodular, pedunculated lesion. The lesion usually presents as mechanical symptom such as locking of the knee. We report a case of localized PVNS that involved patellar fat pad an extremely rare area of involvement, previously described only in 4 cases, presenting as palpable mass. Complete excision of the lesion was performed through superolateral portal with use of 70-degree arthroscope. 70-degree arthroscope allows us to completely visualize infra-patellar region through superolateral portal and is recommended than 30-degree arthroscope for treatment of infra-patellar lesions. Patient was symptomless at 3 months follow up.

 

 
Gestão do cuidado e da clínica no atendimento aos usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Pinto Antonio Germane Alves , Lucetti Maria Dayanne Luna , Santana Kelly Fernanda Silva , Bezerra Adriana De Moraes , Viana Maria Corina do Amaral , Jorge Maria Salete Bessa
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a prática clínica e a gestão do cuidado no cotidiano da Estratégia Saúde da Família com ênfase nos limites, potencialidades e desafios para a consolidação do Sistema Único de Saúde. Trata-se de estudo de natureza qualitativa, realizado com 42 usuários e 31 trabalhadores de saúde do Município de Fortaleza, Ceará. Os resultados evidenciam que as ações de saúde no território são regidas pela eficiência produtiva da equipe de saúde. Emergiram como categorias: os limites e tensões no atendimento, as potencialidades cotidianas, e os desafios para gestão do cuidado e da clínica. As limitações estruturais e operacionais para o cuidado em saúde são superadas pelas relações intersubjetivas entre a equipe e a comunidade. A gestão do cuidado se verticaliza nos processos de trabalho e se demonstra frágil no que diz respeito ao alcance de condições de saúde adequadas. Considera-se que a prática clínica e o cuidado em saúde tangenciam as diretrizes político-institucionais do Sistema Único de Saúde e o direito à saúde ainda é parcialmente garantido no cotidiano assistencial.
Correlação entre anti-desmogleína e lesões mucocutâneas em pacientes com pênfigo vulgar ou foliáceo
Authors: Batista Mara Ilka Holanda Medeiros , Paulino Marcilia Ribeiro , Oliveira dos Santos Carlus Alberto , Andrade Samantha Camargo de , Lima Camila Andrade , Gueiros Luiz Alcino , Leão Jair Carneiro , Carvalho Alessandra Albuquerque Tavares
Published: March 2019

Essa é uma pesquisa não-probabilística e transversal. O objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar a imunodetecção de anti-desmogleína 1 e 3 no soro de pacientes com pênfigo vulgar (PV) ou pênfigo foliáceo (PF) com a presença de lesões mucocutâneas. Pacientes foram selecionados por uma amostra de conveniência baseada na demanda espontânea nas unidades de Dermatologia e Medicina Oral da Universidade Federal do Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil, de fevereiro a novembro de 2012. Vinte e seis indivíduos (18 mulheres, 69,2% e 8 homens, 30,8%) foram avaliados, 20 diagnosticados com PV (73,1%) e 6 com PF (26,9%). O teste ELISA foi usado para determinar a presença de anti-desmogleína 1 e 3 no soro. A presença de anti-desmogleína 1 foi associada a lesões na pele  (p=0,038) e a de anti-desmogleína 3 a lesões mucosais (p = 0,041). Nesse estudo, o ELISA se mostrou altamente sensível ao DSG1 e ao DSG3, de acordo com o fenótipo da doença.
A relação entre saúde mental e cuidados paliativos: percepções de terapeutas ocupacionais da rede psicossocial
Authors: Omura Kátia Maki , Leão Ferreira Alanna Julie , Sousa Ribeiro Fabiana , Cavaleiro Corrêa Victor Augusto , Sousa Monteiro Oliveira Luísa
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi compreender a relação que os terapeutas ocupacionais atuantes na área fazem entre saúde mental e cuidados paliativos. Esta é uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 18 terapeutas ocupacionais com atuação na área de saúde mental. Foi aplicado questionário para obtenção de dados demográficos e coletadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo ocorreu em centros de atenção psicossocial e em um hospital público no Norte do Brasil. A análise de conteúdo conduziu o tratamento de dados. Os terapeutas ocupacionais relacionaram a atenção na saúde mental com os cuidados paliativos, porém não de forma estrita, e mostraram interesse em conhecer mais sobre o assunto. Por outro lado, os profissionais que atuavam com crianças não fizeram esta relação.
Aprendizagem significativa: a teoria como um arcabouço para elaboração de minicursos por acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Silva Júnia Lanny Sousa , Melo Larissa Cândida , Miranda Parreira Bibiane Dias
Published: March 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial, quanto ao planejamento e desenvolvimento de minicursos como atividade extracurricular. Procurou-se descrever como são elaboradas essas atividades numa universidade pública, tendo como arcabouço teórico e metodológico a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, proposta por David Ausubel. Essa teoria destaca duas condições para que a aprendizagem seja significativa, sendo que a primeira se refere à integração de novos conhecimentos aos conhecimentos preexistentes do aprendiz e a segunda à necessidade de que o conteúdo apresentado, seja lógico e psicologicamente significativo. Desta forma, vários são os motivos que levam os estudantes a buscarem atividades extracurriculares como os minicursos, e essa busca exige que os mesmos tenham autonomia e responsabilidade, o que tange também, nesse sentido, a busca por conhecimentos novos e coerentes.
Jornada de Saúde do Homem: relato de experiência
Authors: Gomes Jonathan William De Oliveira , Azevedo Nayara De Freitas , Soares Gabriela Garcia , Lacerda Renata Bernardes , Garcia Luan Augusto Alves , Gonçalves Jurema Ribeiro Luiz
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo teve como objetivo relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial na mobilização e engajamento da comunidade acadêmica sobre as especificidades da Saúde do Homem. Utilizou-se como abordagem metodológica a Teoria de Comunicação em Massa, tendo em vista a mobilização e engajamento da comunidade acadêmica sobre as especificidades da Saúde do Homem. A participação dos discentes na organização da Jornada de Saúde do Homem possibilitou o desenvolvimento de habilidades de planejamento, metodologia do trabalho em grupo e a avaliação do trabalho, a fim de atingir aperfeiçoamentos que permitam alcançar os objetivos de uma forma cada vez mais assertiva, além de fomentar discussões e reflexões no âmbito da Saúde do Homem dentro do grupo, da Universidade e no Município.
Participação do Programa de Educação Tutorial de Enfermagem no Conselho Municipal de Saúde: relato de experiência
Authors: Fernandes Ferreira Jéssica Fernanda Marcelina , Souza Larissa Silva , Querino Rosimár Alves
Published: March 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de participação de acadêmicos de Enfermagem integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial, em reuniões do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de um município do Triângulo Mineiro. O referencial teórico-metodológico adotado é a Gestão Participativa, estratégia transversal ao Sistema Único de Saúde, a qual prima pelas formulações e deliberações conjuntas por diferentes atores envolvidos no controle social. Os acadêmicos participaram, como observadores, das plenárias mensais do Conselho Municipal de Saúde ocorridas no primeiro semestre de 2017. Os temas discutidos em cada plenária foram registrados em diário de campo para posterior socialização e problematização pelos integrantes do PET. A experiência e as reflexões dela oriundas possibilitaram uma compreensão ampliada das relações entre cidadania, participação popular e políticas de saúde, contribuições significativas para a formação crítico-reflexiva de acadêmicos no contexto do SUS.
Hospital de Ensino promovendo a saúde no território
Authors: Komori Nakita Maria , Resende Luiz Antonio Pertili Rodrigues de , Correia Filho Dalmo , Dos Reis Mirtes Helena
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial — Enfermagem em atividade educativa extramuros proposta por um Hospital Universitário Federal. A atividade de extensão proposta foi realizada em dois encontros entre os meses de outubro e dezembro de 2016 em duas comunidades na cidade de Uberaba. Como estratégia de aproximação e interação com a população foram utilizados aferição de pressão arterial e glicemia rápida e teste de hepatite C, além de confecção de materiais lúdicos, como cartazes, mostruários de remédios, dinâmicas, panfletos, gravuras, instrumentos de anotação das orientações e outros meios para interação com o público. Os temas abordados nessa experiência foram: diabetes; hipertensão arterial; hepatites; uso correto de medicamentos; interpretação de rótulos de produtos alimentares industrializados; eletricidade no domicílio; reciclagem de resíduo doméstico. A atividade permitiu aos discentes de enfermagem uma oportunidade de interagir com discentes e profissionais de outros cursos da área da saúde, e dessa forma, ter uma visão interdisciplinar sobre temas de grande relevância para a promoção da saúde da população, além de uma maior proximidade e interação dialógica com a comunidade.
Education Intervention Guideline on Knowledge and Self-Care Practice for Women With Vulvovaginities
Authors: Said Samah Abd Elhaleim , Elbana Hemmat Mostafe , Salama Amira Mohammed
Published: March 2019

Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection affecting women of reproductive age (15-49 years of age). 5-8% of women with acute infection experience recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidiasis. Side effects of vaginitis can affect other aspects of health, which could be prevented by promoting a healthy related to vaginal health. Aim of the study. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Education intervention guideline on knowledge and self-care practice for women with vulvovaginities. Design: A quasi- experimental design was adopted in the current study. Sample: A purposive sample of (130) women's were included in the current study. Setting: the current study was conducted at outpatient clinic affiliated at obstetric department at Benha University Hospital. Data collection: Two tools were used for data collection, first, interviewing questionnaire to collect data about the women' socio demographic characteristics and women's knowledge regarding vulvovaginities as definition, risk factors, complication, second tool, Self-Care Assessment Structured Interviewing Schedule as (Clean genital area after each toilet, dry after cleanliness) Results: the result of the present study should that the total knowledge was improved from (9.2%) at pre intervention to (86.2%) at post intervention phase. In addition there was demonstrates that, 87.7% of the women had an unsatisfactory level of self-care practices before the educational intervention. Meanwhile, after the educational intervention, 75.4% of them got a satisfactory level of self-care practices. Conclusion: Educational intervention was effective in improving the women's knowledge and self-care practices regarding vulvovaginities. Recommendations: Provide different educational programs regarding knowledge and self-care practice for women with vulvovaginities at different female health care settings.
Database of Shear Experiments on Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams without Stirrups
Authors: Lantsoght Eva O.L.
Published: March 2019

Adding steel fibers to concrete improves the capacity in tension-driven failure modes. An example is the shear capacity in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams with longitudinal reinforcement and without shear reinforcement. Since no mechanical models exist that can fully describe the behavior of SFRC beams without shear reinforcement failing in shear, a number of empirical equations have been suggested in the past. This paper compiles the existing empirical equations and code provisions for the prediction of the shear capacity of SFRC beams failing in shear as well as a database of 487 experiments reported in the literature. The experimental shear capacities from the database are then compared to the prediction equations. This comparison shows a large scatter on the ratio of experimental to predicted values. The practice of defining the tensile strength of SFRC based on different experiments internationally makes the comparison difficult. For design purposes, the code prediction methods based on the Eurocode shear expression provide reasonable results (with coefficients of variation on the ratio of tested to predicted results of 27% - 29%). None of the currently available methods properly describe the behavior of SFRC beams failing in shear. As such, this work shows the need for studies that address the different shear-carrying mechanisms in SFRC and its crack kinematics.
Influence of Dairy Slurry Manure Application Method, Fall Application‐Timing, and Winter Rye Management on Nitrogen Conservation
Authors: Milliron Rachel A. , Karsten Heather D. , Beegle Douglas B.
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas

Manure application method and timing affected ryelage but not rye cover biomass.

Manure injection compared to broadcast conserved manure‐N in ryelage.

Manure injection compared to broadcast with rye cover resulted in more corn silage.

Late injection compared to early injection conserved more manure‐N in ryelage.

Late versus early injection resulted in more manure‐N in soil and more corn after cover crops.

Fall manure applications can lead to nutrient losses prior to spring planting. This 2‐yr study evaluated effects of winter cereal rye (Secale cereal L.) crop management (cover crop versus ryelage), and fall, dairy slurry manure application method (broadcasted versus injected) and timing (September vs. November) on manure–N conservation. Nitrogen conservation was calculated from NH3 volatilization, percentage of manure–N in aboveground rye (%ManureN‐R) and soil (%ManureN‐S) in spring prior to corn (Zea mays L.) planting, and subsequent corn yield. Ryelage compared to cover crop conserved more %ManureN‐R (2.6‐fold) and despite reduced corn yield, ryelage‐corn treatments with 3.6‐fold greater rye biomass produced 20% greater total harvested forage than cover crops. Compared to broadcasted manure (BM), injected manure (IM) reduced NH3 losses and increased ryelage biomass (42%) after September (EARLY) applications, %ManureN‐R (50%), %ManureN‐S at multiple depths, and total harvested forage (20%). Corn silage yield with IM compared to BM was also greater after all cover crop treatments (23%), all ryelage treatments in 2015 (35%), and ryelage with a November application (LATE) in 2014 (30%). Compared to EARLY, LATE applications increased %ManureN‐R in ryelage after BM (44%) and IM (50%), %ManureN‐S at multiple depths in both rye treatments, and corn silage yields with IM following cover crops (21%). Following ryelage, corn yields were not larger following greater %ManureN‐S in LATE IM versus BM, suggesting potential for more soil NO3 leaching loss with LATE IM. However, multiple management options reduced fall manure–N losses and conserved manure–N for crop utilization, allowing for farm management flexibility.
Beef Manure and Urea Applied to Corn Show Variable Effects on Nitrous Oxide, Methane, Carbon Dioxide, and Ammonia
Authors: Niraula Suresh , Rahman Shafiqur , Chatterjee Amitava , Cortus Erin L. , Mehata Mukesh , Spiehs Mindy J.
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas

Manure applied soil had higher CO2 and CH4 and lower N2O and NH3 emissions than urea.

Beef manure with and without straw bedding produced similar yields and emissions.

Soil inorganic N availability showed positive correlations to N2O and NH3 emissions.

Manure and urea application produced similar corn yields.

Land application of beef cattle (Bos taurus) manure can improve soil health and increase corn (Zea mays L.) yield compared with commercial fertilizers. However, ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) emissions may lead to nutrient losses and environmental concerns. The objective of this research was to quantify NH3, N2O, CO2, and CH4 emissions from commercial and manure fertilizers applied to corn. In addition, residual soil N, corn yield, plant tissue N, and grain N were determined. The 2‐yr field study was conducted in Fargo‐Ryan silty clay soil. Treatments consisted of urea only (UO), solid beef manure (SM), solid beef manure with straw bedding (BM), and no fertilizer (NF). All treatments were applied to meet the corn N demand and yield goal of 10,760 kg ha–1 (160 bu ac–1). Greenhouse gases were quantified using static flux chambers, and NH3 was quantified using acid traps, for a total of 13 measurement dates in each growing season. Manure applied to soil reduced cumulative N2O by 23% in SM and 31% in BM compared with the UO soil. Cumulative CO2 emission (cCO2) was 42% lower in UO than in SM or BM. Cumulative CH4 emission (cCH4) ranged from –0.04 (NF) to 0.21 (BM) kg CH4–C ha–1, with the highest emission from BM. Cumulative NH3 emission (cNH3) was 11% lower in manure than UO. Cumulative residual soil N was 11% greater in Year 2. Fertilizer source did not affect the yield and grain N uptake (P > 0.05). The results highlight the challenges that come with variability in manure, soil, and weather as well as the potential for meeting crop N demand while reducing greenhouse gas emissions when using manure as an N source.
Differential Heat‐Induced Changes in Phenolic Acids Associated with Genotypic Variations in Heat Tolerance for Hard Fescue
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Yuan Bo , Huang Bingru
Published: March 2019

Secondary metabolites, including phenolic acids, play important roles in plant defense against abiotic stress. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response of phenolic acids to short‐term heat shock (7 h) and long‐term heat stress (21 d) in hard fescue [Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina] and to identify constituents of phenolic acids associated with genotypic variation in heat tolerance. Plants of the heat‐tolerant cultivar ‘Reliant IV’ and heat‐sensitive cultivar ‘Predator’ were exposed to heat stress at 38/33°C (day/night) or nonstress temperature conditions at 22/18°C. Four phenolic acids (salicylic acid, homovanillic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid) showed significant increases in content under short‐term heat shock. Seven phenolic acids (3,4‐dyhydroxybenzoic acid, 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid, coumaric acid, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, and vanillic acid) showed significant increases in content after long‐term heat stress. Increases in the content of homovanillic acid (by 118%) and caffeic acid (by 117%) were observed in Reliant IV under short‐term heat shock compared with the untreated control, whereas 3,4‐dyhydroxybenzoic acid showed greater accumulation in Reliant IV (by 214%) than Predator (by 148%) under long‐term heat stress. These differentially accumulated phenolic acids could be associated with the contrasting levels of heat tolerance between the two cultivars. The transient increases in response to short‐term heat shock indicate their potential roles as stress signaling molecules, and their dramatic accumulation after long‐term heat stress suggests protective roles under heat stress.
Switch from Apoplasmic to Symplasmic Phloem Unloading during Storage Roots Formation and Bulking of Sweetpotato
Authors: Liu Hongjuan , Si Chengcheng , Shi Chunyu , Wang Shuyun , Sun Zhe , Shi Yanxi
Published: March 2019

To clarify the unloading pathway of assimilates in storage roots of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.), a combination of methods including electron microscopy, movement of the phloem–mobile symplasmic tracer carboxyfluorescein, and assays of invertase and sucrose synthase activities were explored to investigate this pathway from storage roots formation to harvest. The sieve element–companion cell complex was symplasmically connected to surrounding parenchyma cells by plasmodesmata and isolated before storage root bulking (40–140 d after planting). Numerous plasmodesmata appeared among phloem parenchyma throughout storage root bulking. Images of carboxyfluorescein movement indicated that the dye was restricted to phloem and released into surrounding tissues before and after storage root formation, respectively. Sucrose synthase activity increased continually during storage root bulking, and it was much higher than that of insoluble acid invertase. Although this remained low and changed little, that of soluble acid invertase increased and remained high. The starch content in storage roots increased during bulking, but sucrose content decreased. Thus, the predominant unloading pathway switched from apoplasmic to symplasmic during storage root formation and bulking. This switch resulted in enhanced sink potential of storage roots, evidencing opportune sink–source relationships in sweetpotato.
QCD or what?
Authors: Heimel Theo , Kasieczka Gregor , Plehn Tilman , Thompson Jennifer
Published: March 2019

Autoencoder networks, trained only on QCD jets, can be used to search
for anomalies in jet-substructure. We show how, based either on images
or on 4-vectors, they identify jets from decays of arbitrary heavy
resonances. To control the backgrounds and the underlying systematics we
can de-correlate the jet mass using an adversarial network. Such an
adversarial autoencoder allows for a general and at the same time easily
controllable search for new physics. Ideally, it can be trained and
applied to data in the same phase space region, allowing us to
efficiently search for new physics using un-supervised learning.
TÜRK MEDENİ KANUNU'NA GÖRE MİRASÇI ATAMA
Authors: TAŞATAN Caner
Published: March 2019

Mirasçı atama, mirasbırakanın,
vasiyetname veya miras sözleşmesi yoluyla, bir veya birden fazla gerçek veya tüzel
kişiyi, terekesinin tamamı veya belirli bir oranı üzerinde külli halef
sıfatıyla hak sahibi kılmasıdır. Ölüme bağlı tasarrufun mirasçı ataması
niteliğinde olup olmadığı, mirasbırakanın gerçekte bir mirasçı mı atadığı yahut
yalnız bir vasiyet alacaklısı mı belirlediği hususu, ölüme bağlı tasarrufun
bütünüyle ele alınarak yorumlanması sonucunda çözüme kavuşturulur. Birden fazla
kişinin mirasçı atanması mümkün olduğu gibi bu atamanın koşula bağlanması da
hukuken geçerlidir. İkameli tasarruflar olarak adlandırılan yedek mirasçılık ve
art mirasçılık da esas itibariyle ölüme bağlı tasarrufun koşula bağlanmasının
birer özel görünümünden ibarettir. Atanmış mirasçı, tıpkı yasal mirasçıda
olduğu gibi, tereke üzerinde külli halef sıfatıyla hak sahibidir. Bu yönüyle
atanmış mirasçı, mirasbırakanın borçlarından da sorumludur. Türk hukukunda,
atanmış mirasçının tereke borçlarından kişisel olarak sorumlu olduğu, yani
terekeden elde ettiği malvarlığının yanı sıra kendi malvarlığıyla da sorumlu
olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Atanmış mirasçı, mirasçılık sıfatına bağlı olarak,
mirası ret hakkına da sahiptir.
INSTITUIÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS E TECNOLÓGICAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Ribeiro Luana da Silva , Lima Faíque Ribeiro , De Almeida Andrade Hugo Márcio Vieira
Published: March 2019

Com o intuito de gerar desenvolvimento, os Estados investem em formas de incentivar a criação de inovações, construindo Sistema Nacional de Inovação em que são articulados estruturas de geração de inovações. Pretende-se, por meio desta pesquisa mostrar o quanto as interações entre Estado Universidade e Empresa colaboram para o ambiente inovativo. Para tal se utilizou de revisão bibliográfica em autores que discutem os temas e conceitos afins, e bases de dados do governo. Em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, o Estado assume um papel importante para o fomento das inovações, com o intuito de articular o processo inovativo, investindo em inovação e potencializando a capacidade tecnológica. Porém o Brasil ainda possui um sistema de inovação não consolidado, dependente de tecnologia estrangeira, com uma infraestrutura de CT&I precária, necessitando de políticas de fomento que aumente a conexão com o sistema produtivo e a incorporação do progresso técnico. Adianta-se que o Brasil tem investido em instituições científicas e tecnológicas, mas ainda há necessidade de desburocratizar, planejar e consolidar a política institucional para que se obtenha melhores resultados.
USO DE BICICLETA NAS CIDADES BRASILEIRAS DE PEQUENO PORTE: UMA CULTURA AMEAÇADA
Authors: Guth Daniel , Carneiro da Silva Victor Andrade
Published: March 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma ampla pesquisa exploratória realizada em dez cidades brasileiras de até 100 mil habitantes e com alto uso de bicicleta, buscando destacar os atributos sobre a tradicional cultura da bicicleta e correlacionar os efeitos da escalada de motorização de automóveis e motocicletas, no Brasil, sobre estas cidades e outras de mesmo porte. Os resultados apontam para intensas transformações nos hábitos de locomoção da população nestas cidades, com efeitos não apenas sobre o uso de bicicletas, através da migração modal, mas também sobre outras variáveis verificadas e que impactam a qualidade de vida nestas cidades.
Electrospun Transdermal Patch for Contraceptive Hormone Delivery
Authors: Mofidfar Mohammad , Prausnitz Mark R.
Published: March 2019

Background:

A transdermal patch for delivery of Levonorgestrel (LNG) can be used for
long-acting contraception.

Objective:

In this study, we designed and characterized a patch made of nonwoven electrospun microfibers
comprised of Polycaprolactone (PCL) encapsulating LNG for slow release in a mineral oil matrix.

Methods and Results:

Scanning electron microscopy showed uniform, randomly oriented PCL fibers
with large interconnected voids filled with mineral oil. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that LNG
loaded into PCL fibers had thermal stability up to ~200°C. Differential Scanning Calorimetry suggested
that LNG was dispersed in the electrospun fibers without interaction between the LNG and PCL, and
without formation of drug crystals. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results
further supported the conclusion that there was no chemical drug–polymer interaction in LNGloaded
fibers. Effective in vitro flux (i) from patches into mineral oil was 1.9 µgcm-2h-1, (ii) from mineral
oil across porcine skin was 4.6 µgcm-2h-1 and (iii) from patches across porcine skin was 1.7 μgcm-
2h-1, indicating that transdermal delivery rate was controlled by a combination of the patch and the skin.

Conclusion:

The LNG-loaded patches demonstrated steady delivery of LNG across skin for up to 5
days in vitro. With additional development, LNG-loaded electrospun PCL patches could be used for
long-acting contraception.
The Anti-Proliferative Activity of Anisosciadone: A New Guaiane Sesquiterpene from Anisosciadium lanatum
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed A. , El-Sayed Wael M.
Published: March 2019

Background:

The increase in cancer rate and the development of resistant tumors require a continuous search for new anticancer agents.

Aims:

This study aimed to analyze and identify the chemical constituents of Anisosciadium lanatum, and to investigate the antiproliferative activity of the identified constituents against various human cell lines (HepG2, MCF7, HT29, A549, and PC3) along with the possible molecular mechanisms involved.

Methods:

The structure of the isolated compounds was determined by spectroscopic techniques including HRFABMS, GC-MS, IR, and 400 MHz 1D and 2D NMR analyses (1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY). The antiproliferative activity and IC50 value of the isolated compounds were measured and compared to doxorubicin.

Results:

A new guaiane sesquiterpene containing a rare epoxide structural element, 10β,11β−epoxy−1α,4β,5β,7αΗ- guaiane-9-one, anisosciadone (1), and stigmasterol (2) have been isolated from the plant. Anisosciadone (1) showed a significant antiproliferative activity against liver, colon, and lung cells only, while stigmasterol (2) had a significant activity against liver, colon, and breast cells. Both 1 and 2 caused no cytotoxicity to normal fibroblasts. Anisosciadone elevated the expression and activity of Caspase 3 as well as p53 expression without affecting Caspase 9 in HepG2 cells. It also caused ~ 50% downregulation in cdk1 expression.

Conclusion:

Taken together, anisosciadone was specific in action against cancer cells and induced apoptosis in liver cells. It also has a unique feature by elevating the expression and activity of Caspase 3 without affecting the initiator Caspase 9. Therefore, anisosciadone deserves more investigation as a targeted therapy for cancer.
Enhancement of Hippocampal Plasticity by Physical Exercise as a Polypill for Stress and Depression: A Review
Authors: Li Ang , Yau Suk-yu , Machado Sergio , Wang Pingjie , Yuan Ti-Fei , So Kwok-Fai
Published: March 2019

Generation of newborn neurons that form functional synaptic connections in the dentate gyrus of adult mammals, known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis, has been suggested to play critical roles in regulating mood, as well as certain forms of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Environmental stress suppresses structural plasticity including adult neurogenesis and dendritic remodeling in the hippocampus, whereas physical exercise exerts opposite effects. Here, we review recent discoveries on the potential mechanisms concerning how physical exercise mitigates the stressrelated depressive disorders, with a focus on the perspective of modulation on hippocampal neurogenesis, dendritic remodeling and synaptic plasticity. Unmasking such mechanisms may help devise new drugs in the future for treating neuropsychiatric disorders involving impaired neural plasticity.
Key Mechanisms of the Seismic Behaviour of External RC Wide Beam–column Joints
Authors: Santarsiero Giuseppe , Masi Angelo
Published: March 2019

Background:

Reinforced concrete beam-column connections provided with wide beams are widely used in the European residential building stock. Several seismic codes indicate some limitation to be applied to this kind of reinforced concrete buildings due to their reduced performances with respect to those provided with conventional beams.

Objective:

The paper is focused on improving the knowledge of wide beam-column joints, highlighting the key degradation mechanisms affecting them, mainly related to slip phenomena of beam rebars, especially the rebars placed outside the column width.

Methods:

The behavior of wide beam-column joints has been evaluated by means of both experimental tests under cyclic loading and accurate nonlinear finite element analyses. The FE models predicted satisfactorily experimental results, thus enabling to carry out additional numerical analyses aimed at checking the effect of the longitudinal reinforcement amount in the beam member.

Results:

Experimental results show that wide beam-column joints conforming to the Italian seismic code do not exhibit a sufficiently ductile behavior due to damage in the non-confined concrete region, where beam rebars external to the joint core are anchored. Numerical simulations allowed to monitor bond slip of beam rebars as a function of the applied global displacement, showing differences between bars placed inside and outside the column width.

Conclusion:

Numerical simulations showed that different behavior is expected in case additional beam rebars are placed either inside or outside column width. In the first case, higher peak load and ductility values can be achieved, provided that the amount of beam reinforcement is not high enough to shift damage towards the column or cause high shear stress to the joint core and its consequent fragile failure.