bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Validation and Clinical Implementation of Automated Contouring of Organs at Risk in the Head and Neck: A Step Toward Automated Radiation Treatment Planning for Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: McCarroll Rachel E. , Beadle Beth M. , Balter Peter A. , Burger Hester , Cardenas Carlos E. , Dalvie Sameera , Followill David S. , Kisling Kelly D. , Mejia Michael , Naidoo Komeela , Nelson Chris L. , Peterson Christine B. , Vorster Karin , Wetter Julie , Zhang Lifei , Court Laurence E. , Yang Jinzhong
Published: August 2018

Purpose

We assessed automated contouring of normal structures for patients with head-and-neck cancer (HNC) using a multiatlas deformable-image-registration algorithm to better provide a fully automated radiation treatment planning solution for low- and middle-income countries, provide quantitative analysis, and determine acceptability worldwide.

Methods

Autocontours of eight normal structures (brain, brainstem, cochleae, eyes, lungs, mandible, parotid glands, and spinal cord) from 128 patients with HNC were retrospectively scored by a dedicated HNC radiation oncologist. Contours from a 10-patient subset were evaluated by five additional radiation oncologists from international partner institutions, and interphysician variability was assessed. Quantitative agreement of autocontours with independently physician-drawn structures was assessed using the Dice similarity coefficient and mean surface and Hausdorff distances. Automated contouring was then implemented clinically and has been used for 166 patients, and contours were quantitatively compared with the physician-edited autocontours using the same metrics.

Results

Retrospectively, 87% of normal structure contours were rated as acceptable for use in dose-volume-histogram–based planning without edit. Upon clinical implementation, 50% of contours were not edited for use in treatment planning. The mean (± standard deviation) Dice similarity coefficient of autocontours compared with physician-edited autocontours for parotid glands (0.92 ± 0.10), brainstem (0.95 ± 0.09), and spinal cord (0.92 ± 0.12) indicate that only minor edits were performed. The average mean surface and Hausdorff distances for all structures were less than 0.15 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively.

Conclusion

Automated contouring of normal structures generates reliable contours that require only minimal editing, as judged by retrospective ratings from multiple international centers and clinical integration. Autocontours are acceptable for treatment planning with no or, at most, minor edits, suggesting that automated contouring is feasible for clinical use and in the ongoing development of automated radiation treatment planning algorithms.
Root Cause Analysis of Oncology Adverse Events in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Aboumrad Maya , Fuld Alexander , Soncrant Christina , Neily Julia , Paull Douglas , Watts Bradley V.
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

Oncology providers are leaders in patient safety. Despite their efforts, oncology-related medical errors still occur, sometimes resulting in patient injury or death. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) National Center of Patient Safety used data obtained from root cause analysis (RCA) to determine how and why these adverse events occurred in the VHA, and how to prevent future reoccurrence. This study details the types of oncology adverse events reported in VHA hospitals and their root causes and suggests actions for prevention and improvement.

Methods:

We searched the National Center for Patient Safety adverse event reporting database for RCA related to oncology care from October 1, 2013, to September 8, 2017, to identify event types, root causes, severity of outcomes, care processes, and suggested actions. Two independent reviewers coded these variables, and inter-rater agreement was calculated by κ statistic. Variables were evaluated using descriptive statistics.

Results:

We identified 48 RCA reports that specifically involved an oncology provider. Event types included care delays (39.5% [n = 19]), issues with chemotherapy (25% [n = 12]) and radiation (12.5% [n = 6]), other (12.5% [n = 6]), and suicide (10.5% [n = 5]). Of the 48 events, 27.1% (n = 13) resulted in death, 4.2% (n = 2) in severe harm, 18.8% (n = 9) in temporary harm, 20.8% (n = 10) in minimal harm, and 2.1% (n = 1) in no harm. The majority of root causes identified a need to improve care processes and policies, interdisciplinary communication, and care coordination.

Conclusion:

This analysis highlights an opportunity to implement system-wide changes to prevent similar events from reoccurring. These actions include comprehensive cancer clinics, usability testing of medical equipment, and standardization of processes and policies. Additional studies are necessary to assess oncologic adverse events across specialties.
Opening the Audiobook
Authors: van Maas Sander
Published: August 2018

This essay investigates what the word “book” in the concept of the audiobook has come to refer to, and how contemporary material book cultures suggest ways to reperceive audiobook experience. The essay uses audiobooks by David Foster Wallace and Jacques Derrida, which appear to maintain complex yet normative relations to their printed editions, to show how the margins of the audiobook are brought into focus by raising the question of aurality. What does the audiobook suggest in terms of its relation to technologies of listening, hearing, and overhearing? Suggesting that the audiobook’s insistence on the book is matched by its adherence to experiences of phantasmatic aural centeredness, the essay turns to ways in which the book’s materiality might inspire a reaffirmation of the interaural. Case studies include book alterations by Doug Beube and an electronic composition by Yannis Kyriakides, which suggest ways to reperceive audiobookness as a form of sonic tabularity.
Transgender Shifts
Authors: Chatterjee Shraddha
Published: August 2018

A larger game is at play with respect to the field of transgender subjectivities in India that goes beyond gender or sexuality, and enters the arena of contested cultures and historical erasures. It can be hypothesized that a contemporary transgender subject in India finds itself caught between the fading voice of precolonial and colonial history on the one hand, and the strong pull of globalization on the other, creating what can perhaps be imagined as a knotted relation of the (transgender) subject with historicity and temporality. A rather confounding gap lies between premodern conceptualizations of gender and sexuality that reside as cultural memory in the subject, carrying its own paleonymic weight, and the increasingly widening signifier transgender in the contemporary. The task of this article is to explore what can be found at this interstice, which promises a clue that is symptomatic of the shifting sands of culture, history, and memory as they play out in India, and how they may point toward a theorization of sexuality that lies away from its histories in the West.
Chinese Trans Advocates Organize Nationally
Authors: Bernotaite Ausma , Berredo Lukas , Zhuo H.c
Published: August 2018

The trans movement in mainland China is at its early stages and rapidly growing. Particularly in the past two years, there has been a strong rise in trans activism and advocacy. There have been more trans individuals willing to be publicly visible, and more efforts are being made within the larger LGB community to support the articulation of trans communities. In December 2016, a two-day conference with trans activists and advocates was held in the eastern Chinese city of Ningbo, aiming at not only facilitating exchange to support participants' work but also initiating a community-based consultation to map out the current situation of trans people across the country. This article seeks to present the qualitative information gathered during the event in regard to the communities' most pressing needs in order to provide an informed direction for the trans movement in the country.
Modeling Niemann-Pick disease type C1 in zebrafish: a robust platform for in vivo screening of candidate therapeutic compounds
Authors: Tseng Wei-Chia , Loeb Hannah E. , Pei Wuhong , Tsai-Morris Chon-Hwa , Xu Lisha , Cluzeau Celine V. , Wassif Christopher A. , Feldman Benjamin , Burgess Shawn M. , Pavan William J. , Porter Forbes D.
Published: August 2018

Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease primarily caused by mutations in NPC1. NPC1 is characterized by abnormal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycolipids in late endosomes and lysosomes. Common signs include neonatal jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, cerebellar ataxia, seizures and cognitive decline. Both mouse and feline models of NPC1 mimic the disease progression in humans and have been used in preclinical studies of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2HPβCD; VTS-270), a drug that appeared to slow neurological progression in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial. However, there remains a need to identify additional therapeutic agents. High-throughput drug screens have been useful in identifying potential therapeutic compounds; however, current preclinical testing is time and labor intensive. Thus, development of a high-capacity in vivo platform suitable for screening candidate drugs/compounds would be valuable for compound optimization and prioritizing subsequent in vivo testing. Here, we generated and characterize two zebrafish npc1-null mutants using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene targeting. The npc1 mutants model both the early liver and later neurological disease phenotypes of NPC1. LysoTracker staining of npc1 mutant larvae was notable for intense staining of lateral line neuromasts, thus providing a robust in vivo screen for lysosomal storage. As a proof of principle, we were able to show that treatment of the npc1 mutant larvae with 2HPβCD significantly reduced neuromast LysoTracker staining. These data demonstrate the potential value of using this zebrafish NPC1 model for efficient and rapid in vivo optimization and screening of potential therapeutic compounds.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
MT1-MMP targeting to endolysosomes is mediated by upregulation of flotillins
Authors: Planchon Damien , Rios Morris Eduardo , Genest Mallory , Comunale Franck , Vacher Sophie , Bièche Ivan , Denisov Evgeny V. , Tashireva Lubov A. , Perelmuter Vladimir M. , Linder Stefan , Chavrier Philippe , Bodin Stéphane , Gauthier-Rouvière Cécile
Published: August 2018

Tumor cell invasion and metastasis formation are the major cause of death in cancer patients. These processes rely on extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation mediated by organelles termed invadopodia, to which the transmembrane matrix metalloproteinase MT1-MMP (also known as MMP14) is delivered from its reservoir, the RAB7-containing endolysosomes. How MT1-MMP is targeted to endolysosomes remains to be elucidated. Flotillin-1 and -2 are upregulated in many invasive cancers. Here, we show that flotillin upregulation triggers a general mechanism, common to carcinoma and sarcoma, which promotes RAB5-dependent MT1-MMP endocytosis and its delivery to RAB7-positive endolysosomal reservoirs. Conversely, flotillin knockdown in invasive cancer cells greatly reduces MT1-MMP accumulation in endolysosomes, its subsequent exocytosis at invadopodia, ECM degradation and cell invasion. Our results demonstrate that flotillin upregulation is necessary and sufficient to promote epithelial and mesenchymal cancer cell invasion and ECM degradation by controlling MT1-MMP endocytosis and delivery to the endolysosomal recycling compartment.
Identification of Miro1 and Miro2 as mitochondrial receptors for myosin XIX
Authors: Oeding Stefanie J. , Majstrowicz Katarzyna , Hu Xiao-Ping , Schwarz Vera , Freitag Angelika , Honnert Ulrike , Nikolaus Petra , Bähler Martin
Published: August 2018

Mitochondrial distribution in cells is critical for cellular function and proper inheritance during cell division. In mammalian cells, mitochondria are transported predominantly along microtubules by kinesin and dynein motors that bind indirectly via TRAK1 and TRAK2 to outer mitochondrial membrane proteins Miro1 and Miro2 (Miro1/2). Here, using proximity labelling, we identified Miro1/2 as potential binding partners of myosin XIX (Myo19). Interaction studies show that Miro1 binds directly to a C-terminal fragment of the Myo19 tail region and that Miro1/2 recruit the Myo19 tail in vivo. This recruitment is regulated by the nucleotide state of the N-terminal Rho-like GTPase domain of Miro1/2. Notably, Myo19 protein stability in cells depends on its association with Miro1/2. Downregulation of Miro1/2 or overexpression of the adaptor proteins TRAK1 and TRAK2 caused a reduction in Myo19 protein levels. Myo19 regulates the subcellular distribution of mitochondria, and downregulation, as well as overexpression, of Myo19 induced perinuclear collapse of mitochondria, phenocopying loss of the kinesin KIF5, dynein or their mitochondrial receptors Miro1/2. These results suggest that Miro1 and Miro2 coordinate microtubule- and actin-based mitochondrial movement.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Corticosterone implants make stress hyporesponsive birds
Authors: Torres-Medina Fernando , Cabezas Sonia , Marchant Tracy A. , Wikelski Martin , Romero L. Michael , Hau Michaela , Carrete Martina , Tella José L. , Blas Julio
Published: August 2018

In birds, the use of corticosterone (Cort) implants is a frequent tool aimed at simulating systemic elevations of this hormone and studying effects on biological traits (e.g. physiology, morphology, behavior). This manipulation may alter adrenocortical function, potentially changing both baseline (BAS-Cort) and stress-induced (STRESS-Cort) plasma Cort levels. However, implant effects on the latter trait are rarely measured, disregarding downstream consequences of potentially altered stress responses. Here we analyzed the effects of Cort implants on both BAS-Cort and STRESS-Cort in nestling and adult European white storks Ciconia ciconia. In addition, we performed a review of 50 studies using Cort implants in birds during the last two decades to contextualize stork results, assess researchers' patterns of use and infer current study biases. High and low doses of Cort implants resulted in a decrease of both BAS-Cort (31-71% below controls) and STRESS-Cort (63-79% below controls) in storks. Our review revealed that BAS-Cort generally increases (72% of experiments) while STRESS-Cort decreases (78% of experiments) following implant treatment in birds. Our results challenge and expand the prevailing assumption that CORT implants increase circulating BAS-Cort levels because: (i) BAS-Cort levels show a quadratic association with implant dose across bird species, and decreased levels may occur at both high and low implant doses, and (ii) Cort implants also decrease STRESS-Cort levels, thus producing stress hyporesponsive phenotypes. It is time to work towards a better understanding of the effects of Cort implants on adrenocortical function, before addressing downstream links to variation in other biological traits.
Genomewide Association Study of Leisure-Time Exercise Behavior in Japanese Adults
Authors: HARA MEGUMI , HACHIYA TSUYOSHI , SUTOH YOICHI , MATSUO KEITARO , NISHIDA YUICHIRO , SHIMANOE CHISATO , TANAKA KEITARO , SHIMIZU ATSUSHI , OHNAKA KEIZO , KAWAGUCHI TAKAHISA , OZE ISAO , MATSUDA FUMIHIKO , ITO HIDEMI , KAWAI SAYO , HISHIDA ASAHI , OKADA RIEKO , SASAKABE TAE , HIRATA AKIE , IBUSUKI RIE , NINDITA YORA , FURUSYO NORIHIRO , IKEZAKI HIROAKI , KURIYAMA NAGATO , OZAKI ETSUKO , MIKAMI HARUO , NAKAMURA YOHKO , SUZUKI SADAO , HOSONO AKIHIRO , KATSUURA-KAMANO SAKURAKO , ARISAWA KOKICHI , KURIKI KIYONORI , ENDOH KAORI , TAKASHIMA NAOYUKI , KADOTA AYA , NAKATOCHI MASAHIRO , MOMOZAWA YUKIHIDE , KUBO MICHIAKI , NAITO MARIKO , WAKAI KENJI
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Although several genetic factors may play a role in leisure-time exercise behavior, there is currently no evidence of a significant genomewide association, and candidate gene replication studies have produced inconsistent results.

Methods

We conducted a two-stage genomewide association study and candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) association study on leisure-time exercise behavior using 13,980 discovery samples from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study, and 2036 replication samples from the Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Program at Aichi Cancer Center-2 study. Leisure-time physical activity was measured using a self-administered questionnaire that inquired about the type, frequency and duration of exercise. Participants with ≥4 MET·h·wk−1 of leisure-time physical activity were defined as exhibiting leisure-time exercise behavior. Association testing using mixed linear regression models was performed on the discovery and replication samples, after which the results were combined in a meta-analysis. In addition, we tested six candidate genetic variants derived from previous genomewide association study.

Results

We found that one novel SNP (rs10252228) located in the intergenic region between NPSR1 and DPY19L1 was significantly associated with leisure-time exercise behavior in discovery samples. This association was also significant in replication samples (combined P value by meta-analysis = 2.2 × 10−9). Several SNP linked with rs10252228 were significantly associated with gene expression of DPY19L1 and DP19L2P1 in skeletal muscle, heart, whole blood, and the nervous system. Among the candidate SNP, rs12612420 in DNAPTP6 demonstrated nominal significance in discovery samples but not in replication samples.

Conclusions

We identified a novel genetic variant associated with regular leisure-time exercise behavior. Further functional studies are required to validate the role of these variants in exercise behavior.
Blunted Cardiac Output from Overtraining Is Related to Increased Arterial Stiffness
Authors: COATES ALEXANDRA M. , MILLAR PHILIP J. , BURR JAMIE F.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Moderate overtraining has been characterized by decreased exercising HR and recently decreased exercising stroke volume (SV), independent of alterations to blood volume. The aim of this study was to assess changes in arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics, and their relationship to exercising SV, after 3 wk of overload training.

Methods

Twenty-six cyclists and triathletes completed 3 wk of either regular training (CON; n = 13) or overload training (OL; n = 13). Testing took place before (PRE) and after regular or overload training (POST). Resting measures included brachial blood pressure, HR, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) to assess arterial stiffness, and carotid pulse wave analysis to assess wave reflections and central hemodynamics. An incremental cycle test was used to assess peak power, maximal HR, and maximal lactate to assess overtraining status. Cardiac output (Q˙), SV, and HR were assessed using cardiac impedance.

Results

Resting arterial stiffness was unaltered in CON but increased with OL after increased training (CON −0.1 ± 0.6 m·s−1 vs OL +0.5 ± 0.8 m·s−1, P = 0.04). Resting blood pressure and central hemodynamics, including aortic pressures, augmentation index, and subendocardial viability ratio, did not change (all P > 0.05). Maximal SV (CON +3 mL vs OL −9 mL, P = 0.04), HR (CON −2 ± 4 bpm vs OL −9 ± 3 bpm, P < 0.001), and Q˙ (CON +0.32 L·min−1 vs OL −1.75 L·min−1, P = 0.01) decreased with OL from PRE to POST. A significant inverse relationship existed between changes in PWV and maximal Q˙ (r = −0.44, P = 0.04) and changes in PWV and peak power (r = −0.48, P = 0.01), and trended for SV and PWV (r = −0.41, P = 0.055).

Conclusions

Overload training results in increased resting arterial stiffness and reduced SV during exercise, with no changes to resting central hemodynamics.
Coupling between conformational dynamics and catalytic function at the active site of the lead-dependent ribozyme
Authors: White Neil A. , Sumita Minako , Marquez Victor E. , Hoogstraten Charles G.
Published: August 2018

In common with other self-cleaving RNAs, the lead-dependent ribozyme (leadzyme) undergoes dynamic fluctuations to a chemically activated conformation. We explored the connection between conformational dynamics and self-cleavage function in the leadzyme using a combination of NMR spin-relaxation analysis of ribose groups and conformational restriction via chemical modification. The functional studies were performed with a North-methanocarbacytidine modification that prevents fluctuations to C2′-endo conformations while maintaining an intact 2′-hydroxyl nucleophile. Spin-relaxation data demonstrate that the active-site Cyt-6 undergoes conformational exchange attributed to sampling of a minor C2′-endo state with an exchange lifetime on the order of microseconds to tens of microseconds. A conformationally restricted species in which the fluctuations to the minor species are interrupted shows a drastic decrease in self-cleavage activity. Taken together, these data indicate that dynamic sampling of a minor species at the active site of this ribozyme, and likely of related naturally occurring motifs, is strongly coupled to catalytic function. The combination of NMR dynamics analysis with functional probing via conformational restriction is a general methodology for dissecting dynamics-function relationships in RNA.
ИДЕИ ОТЕЧЕСТВА И ПАТРИОТИЗМА ПЕРВОЙ СОВЕТСКОЙ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭЛИТЫ
Authors: Matsievsky German Olegovich , Matyevskaya Galina Appolinarievna
Published: August 2018

Актуальность темы исследования предопределена всё более растущим интересом государственных и общественных деятелей, учёных к проблемам консолидации общества, воспитания качеств гражданственности и патриотизма у современной молодёжи. Целью статьи является анализ основных подходов к пониманию и реализации идей отечества и патриотизма представителями первой советской политической элиты, так как это повлияло не только на характер событий пореволюционной и последующей за ней эпох, но и продолжает оказывать явное и неявное влияние на современное общественное сознание. В качестве наиболее влиятельных представителей советского руководства конца 1910-х – пер. пол. 1920-х гг. можно считать В.И. Ленина, Л.Д. Троцкого, А.В. Луначарского. В результате работы делается вывод о том, что у первой советской политической элиты не было общего и однозначного отношения к отечеству, понимания необходимости его защиты и укрепления, как не было и общего отношения к патриотизму. Так для В.И. Ленина истинным отечеством было социалистическое Отечество, отечество, где к власти пришёл народ. И именно это Отечество необходимо было любить, беречь и защищать до последней капли крови, именно оно было достойно патриотических чувств и поступков. По мнению Л.Д. Троцкого и А.В. Луначарского, являвшихся наиболее яркими представителями идей «перманентной революции», Россия, пусть даже и социалистическая, была лишь пучком хвороста в костре общеевропейской или мировой революции. А потому места патриотизму нет и быть не может ни в государственной политике, ни в общественном сознании.
«ФАКТОР ДЕСТРУКЦИИ» А. ДЕ МЮССЕ В СВЕТЕ СТРУКТУРНОГО АНАЛИЗА ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ XIX–XX вв.
Authors: Kudriashov Sergei Vitalyevich
Published: August 2018

Цель. В статье предлагается новый подход к системному анализу культуры. В связи с этим, как образ, обсуждается конструкт, созданный на базе символического посыла из творчества А. де Мюссе. Именно его воздействие, с точки зрения автора, генерирует деструктивные процессы, происходящие в культурном поле на уровне структурных связей.Метод или методология проведения работы. Работа выполнена на основе исследования оригинального текста А. де Мюссе с последующим выявлением и анализом детерминанты, обозначенной автором, как «фактор деструкции». На конкретных примерах показано влияние этого фактора на культуру XIX–XX вв.Результаты. Результатом данной работы, во-первых, можно считать выводы о необходимости выявления факторов, позволяющих изучать динамику социокультурной жизни в различных аспектах. В качестве одного из таких факторов автор предлагает использовать «фактор деструкции», с помощью которого можно понимать и анализировать нарушения структурных связей в культуре. Во-вторых, в русскоязычный научный оборот введён новый текстовый материал (фрагмент первоисточника).Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в области изучения тенденций в культурных парадигмах, выявляя их устойчивость и жизнеспособность. В практическом отношении результаты исследования могут применяться в преподавании общих и специальных курсов по истории и философии культуры.
Process Capability and Data Contamination
Authors: Tošenovský Filip , Tošenovský Josef
Published: August 2018

Purpose: The paper centres on process capability and its relation to data  contamination. Process capability may be distorted due to imprecise data. The paper analyses to what extent capability changes reflect problems in data so that the changes can be attributed to data sampling rather than the true performance of the process. This is important because it is usually much simpler to increase the precision of data sampling than the process itself.Methodology/Approach: The paper has two major parts. In part one, effect of data contamination on the observed process characteristic is analysed. The effect is analysed using data obtained from simulated random drawings and the chi-squared test. In the other part, reaction of capability to data contamination is observed. The capability is measured by a univariate capability index.Findings: Regarding the sensitivity of the index to contamination, it is different depending on the capability before the contamination. This leads to conclusions about when the company using the index should focus more on the way the data is measured, and when it should focus more on improving the process in question. The analysis shows that if the company is used to high levels of capability and records its drop, it is worth analysing its measurement system first, as the index is at higher levels more sensitive to data contamination.Research Limitation/implication: The study concerns a single univariate index, and the contamination is modelled with only several probability distributions.  Originality/Value of paper: The findings are not difficult to detect, but are not known in practice where companies do not realize that problems with their process capability may sometimes lie in the data they use and not in the process itself.
Evaluation of Chinese E-commerce Cost and Lead Time Performance to Estonia
Authors: Hilmola Olli-Pekka , Tolli Andres
Published: August 2018

Purpose: Retail sales growth has been sluggish in the recent decade in North European countries. Number of factors have caused this, like problems in macro-economy, sanctions and the effect of ageing population. Also increasing amount of e-commerce from China has taken its share. Future development paths need to be researched further to identify the outlook of North European retail.Methodology/Approach: Four different imported items were examined, which were hypothetically planned to be brought on Estonian consumer markets from China. We take into account freight costs, custom duties, VAT and profit margin requirement. Also lead time performance is being examined.Findings: Analysis shows that company based imports is not that viable model as profit margin requirement as well as governmental costs (duty and VAT) take lion share from overall costs. Even if profit requirement of company importing the products would decrease, wage inflation in Asia and freight will probably lead to higher product prices. Therefore, e-commerce needs to enlarge to lower cost manufacturing locations and/or use more direct sales to consumers. Total lead time soughts new solutions too (e.g. railway connection to Europe).Research Limitation/implication: Examination is limited to small Estonian market, and their custom tariffs and VAT. Also logistics costs to Northern Europe are higher than to Central Europe.Originality/Value of paper:Research is one of the first based on the examination of products and overall costs. It adds value through understanding of import cost structures.
O direito do mais forte | The right of the strongest
Authors: Ruiz Jefferson Lee de Souza
Published: August 2018

Resenha do livro MARX, K. Os despossuídos: debates sobre a lei referente ao furto de madeira. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2017, 150 pp.
Korelasi Pola Asuh Orangtua Terhadap Self-Esteem Remaja Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Pertama Harapan Denpasar
Authors: Maya Sri , Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih - , Windiani IGA Trisna , Adnyana IGAN Sugitha
Published: August 2018

Latar belakang. Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi kompleks ditandai perubahan fisik, emosi serta meningkatnya pengaruh teman kelompok. Masa remaja penting pada pembentukan self-esteem yang merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia berupa kemampuan menilai dirinya serta keyakinan diri mengatasi tantangan, ambisinya dan menikmati usahanya. Remaja dengan self-esteem baik melihat dirinya berharga, optimis, peka lingkungan serta jauh dari tindakan agresif. Remaja dengan self-esteem rendah memiliki persepsi buruk, merasa tidak berharga, tidak berdaya, menghindari tugas untuk melindungi dirinya, serta menghindari bantuan sekitarnya sehingga berisiko depresi, penurunan prestasi akademik, bunuh diri dan kriminalitas. Pola asuh yang tepat akan membentuk self-esteem yang baik sehingga remaja mampu bersosialisasi dan mengembangkan potensinya. Tujuan. Mengetahui besar korelasi pola asuh orangtua dengan self-esteem remaja.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik potong lintang pada 144 remaja kelas 7 dengan metode purposive sampling di SLTP Harapan Denpasar menggunakan kuesioner Rosenberg dan Kuesioner Pola Asuh Anak.Hasil. Pola asuh demokrasi ayah berkorelasi lemah dengan self-esteem remaja sebaliknya pola asuh demokrasi ibu berkorelasi sedang dengan self-esteem remaja (r=0,434). Semakin demokratis pola asuh ibu maka semakin baik self-esteem remaja. Kesimpulan. Pola asuh demokratis ibu berkorelasi dengan self-esteem remaja.
Kaligrafi Islam: Dari Nalar Seni hingga Simbolisme Spiritual
Authors: Gusmian Islah
Published: August 2018

This article reveals the history of the rise and the development of calligraphy in Islam. By referring to the history and texts of al-Quran, this articles shows that Islamic calligraphy have undergone some significant development because of the textual effect of al-Quran and the al-Sunnah which highlight the necessity of calligraphy for Muslims. The prohibition of drawing living things raised by fuqaha in the medieval age even intensified the development of calligraphy. Then, in its development, Islamic calligraphy is not only an artistic expression of Muslims, but, for centuries, the Sufi have been taken the wisdom (hikmah) of spiritual aspects of calligraphy. Some of them talked about the symbol of scrip/letters and words, about the detail shapes of scripts, and some other explained in detail the teaching principle of the existence through the symbols of ink and pen. This article emphasis that the beauty of Islamic calligraphy does not only touch the artistic dimension with all its various type, but also it intertwines intensively with the doctrine of esoteric, aspect of Islam
A Defender of an “Existence": Mullā Ṣadrā on Mumkin
Authors: Al Makin Al Makin
Published: August 2018

Untuk memudahkan pembahasan tentang penggunaan filosofis (ontologis dan metafisik) terma "mumkin" dalam wacana Mullā Ṣadrian, dalam tulisan berikut ini akan disajikan penelusuran historisitas ide dimulai dari penggunaan konsep tersebut dalam struktur bahasa; terutama sekali adalah makna kata mumkin secara ontologis dan metafisik. Termasuk dalam pembahasan berikut adalah terma "mumkin" jauh sebelum terma tersebut dimasukkan dalam wacana Mullā Ṣadrā, seperti dalam karya-karya filosof Yunani: Aristoteles, Neoplatonisme dan filsafat Islam klasik. Historisitas ide mumkin dan konsekuensi konsepnya akan dipaparkan. Mumkin versi Mullā Ṣadrā sendiri akan dikupas terakhir setelah perbandingan-perbandingan dengan konsep mumkin yang mendahului Mullā Ṣudrā diungkap.
Influence of Silica (SiO2) Loading on the Thermal and Swelling Properties of Hydrogenated-Nitrile-Butadiene-Rubber/Silica (HNBR/Silica) Composites
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Khattak Abraiz , Ali Muhammad
Published: August 2018

Hydrogenated-Nitrile-Butadiene-Rubber (HNBR) is known for its good physical strength. It is a widely used rubber in electrical insulation and other high performance applications. Performance of HNBR is affected in high temperature and an aggressive fluid environment. Adding silica to HNBR may overcome this problem. In order to investigate the effect of fluids and temperature on HNBR/silica composites we prepared multiple composites of HNBR with 8.3, 16.7, 33.4, 50 and 66.7 phr of silica (SiO2) by two roll compounding method. Swelling index and thermo gravimetric analyses were performed. Calculations of swelling indexes were performed at different time periods with ethanol, toluene and water. For thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), thermo grams of samples were obtained and % char yields at 550 °C were analyzed for all samples. Improvements with the addition of silica were recorded up to a great extent in both analyses. Swelling index decreased with the addition of silica as compared to neat HNBR and reached an optimum position with 50 phr silica loading in ethanol, 8.3 phr in water and 66.7 phr in toluene. Moreover, the HNBR composite with 66.7 phr of silica was found to be the highest thermally stable sample and lost less than 60% of weight at 550 °C in comparison to neat HNBR in which 80% of weight loss occurred at 550 °C.
Humorous sublimation of a dying Cuban writer in Reinaldo Arenas’ The Color of Summer
Authors: Panichelli Christophe , Panichelli-Batalla Stéphanie
Published: August 2018

How does a human being deal with suffering? How can we emotionally cope with the vicissitudes of life, especially in times where they suddenly multiply themselves? In this study, we present an innovative interdisciplinary study on the use of coping mechanisms by career writers dealing with difficult life events. We focus in particular on the use of humor and sublimation, two creative mental mechanisms that contribute to the lowering of anxiety while at the same time dealing constructively with the external stressors. Never before have these mechanisms been studied in a complementary way in the context of a literary study. This paper offers an in-depth analysis of Reinaldo Arenas’ The Color of Summer. In this novel, this Cuban author introduces an autobiographical perspective of the Cuban sixties and seventies, intending to present a facet of history that would never appear in Cuban history books. The combination of both coping mechanisms, which we call humorous sublimation, offers a novel that not only helped the author cope with his tormented life, but also allowed the reader to gain an understanding of a dark period of Cuban history by means of a very funny and surreal reading.
A lower energetic, protein and uncooked cornstarch intake is associated with a more severe outcome in glycogen storage disease type III: an observational study of 50 patients
Authors: Ben Chehida Amel , Ben Messaoud Sana , Ben Abdelaziz Rim , Mansouri Hajer , Boudabous Hela , Hakim Kaouthar , Ben Ali Nadia , Ben Ameur Zeineb , Sassi Yosra , Kaabachi Neziha , Abdelhak Sonia , Abdelmoula Mohamed Slim , Azzouz Hatem , Tebib Neji
Published: August 2018

Background

Glycogen storage disease type III (GSDIII), due to a deficiency of glycogen debrancher enzyme (GDE), is particularly frequent in Tunisia. Phenotypic particularities of Tunisian patients remain unknown. Our aim was to study complications of GSDIII in a Tunisian population and to explore factors interfering with its course.

Methods

A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted over 30 years (1986–2016) in the referral metabolic center in Tunisia.

Results

Fifty GSDIII patients (26 boys), followed for an average 6.75 years, were enrolled. At the last evaluation, the median age was 9.87 years and 24% of patients reached adulthood. Short stature persisted in eight patients and obesity in 19 patients. Lower frequency of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) was associated with older patients (p<0.0001), higher protein diet (p=0.068) and lower caloric intake (p=0.025). Hepatic complications were rare. Cardiac involvement (CI) was frequent (91%) and occurred early at a median age of 2.6 years. Severe cardiomyopathy (50%) was related to lower doses of uncooked cornstarch (p=0.02). Neuromuscular involvement (NMI) was constant, leading to a functional discomfort in 64% of cases and was disabling in 34% of cases. Severe forms were related to lower caloric (p=0.005) and protein intake (p<0.015).

Conclusions

A low caloric, protein and uncooked cornstarch intake is associated with a more severe outcome in GSDIII Tunisian patients. Neuromuscular and CIs were particularly precocious and severe, even in childhood. Genetic and epigenetic factors deserve to be explored.
Bayesian hierarchical models for predicting individual performance in soccer
Authors: Egidi Leonardo , Gabry Jonah
Published: August 2018

Although there is no consensus on how to measure and quantify individual performance in any sport, there has been less development in this area for soccer than for other major sports. And only once this measurement is defined, does modeling for predictive purposes make sense. We use the player ratings provided by a popular Italian fantasy soccer game as proxies for the players’ performance; we discuss the merits and flaws of a variety of hierarchical Bayesian models for predicting these ratings, comparing the models on their predictive accuracy on hold-out data. Our central goals are to explore what can be accomplished with a simple freely available dataset comprising only a few variables from the 2015–2016 season in the top Italian league, Serie A, and to focus on a small number of interesting modeling and prediction questions that arise. Among these, we highlight the importance of modeling the missing observations and we propose two models designed for this task. We validate our models through graphical posterior predictive checks and we provide out-of-sample predictions for the second half of the season, using the first half as a training set. We use Stan to sample from the posterior distributions via Markov chain Monte Carlo.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-bis(μ2-3,5-di(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzoate-κ2
N:N′)cobalt(II))] 2.5 hydrate, C22H23CoN12O8.50
Authors: Lan Hong-Hong
Published: August 2018

C22H23CoN12O8.50, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.6549(3) Å, b = 10.6027(4) Å, c = 13.4938(4) Å, α = 100.824(3)°, β = 99.707(3)°, γ = 96.642(3)°, V = 1321.76(8) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0366, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0914, T = 288.03(10) K.
Study on the preparation and drug release property of soybean selenoprotein/carboxymethyl chitosan composite hydrogel
Authors: Hu Yong , Wu Xiao Y. , Xu Jin R. , Guo Juan
Published: August 2018

Soybean selenoprotein/carboxymethyl chitosan (SSP/CMCS) composite hydrogel obtained by the crosslinking of genipin was evaluated for caffeine release. The gelation process of the hydrogel was investigated by resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra and viscosity methods. The hydrogels presented a compact network structure, which was observed by positive fluorescence microscopy (PFM). The structural properties of the hydrogel were revealed by fluorescence and FT-IR. The swelling characteristic of the hydrogel and its application in the slow release of caffeine were also studied. These results indicate that there is obvious interaction between SSP and CMCS by the addition of genipin, and the CMCS/SSP solution experiences a significant sol-gel phase transition process upon polymerization. The swelling ratio and release of caffeine slow down obviously at pH 1.2. However, larger swelling and more drug release can be observed at pH 7.4. The experimental values of the empiric diffusional exponent show that the release profiles abide by the non-Fickian diffusion process under both investigated pH conditions. The hydrogel, which is pale transparent with light yellow color at room temperature, can be formulated to be a suitable carrier for site-specific drug delivery.
Paths and Technologies in the Life Project of People with Disabilities: International Perspectives and Educational Potential
Authors: Giaconi Catia , Bianco Noemi Del
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this paper was to analyse the core of the quality of life, intended as a complex construct with specific and transversal features. The approach to this issue, by linking it to the great emergency of disability in adulthood, pushes the analysis into deep conceptual pedagogical reflections, which lead the authors’ initial reflections to focus on the theoretical framework related to the quality of life model and subsequently on the identification of some areas of intervention as a tangible application of the quality of life model. New perspectives and innovative potentials for the quality of life of adults with disability are investigated to reach new awareness, which can also be applied in different life contexts. The paper mentions meaningful trajectories, also from the international scene, aiming to guarantee significantly oriented life trajectories.
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants: impact on women’s health
Authors: Wahlang Banrida
Published: August 2018

This literature review focuses on the causal relationship between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exposure and women’s health disorders, particularly cancer, cardio-metabolic events and reproductive health. Progressive industrialization has resulted in the production of a multitude of chemicals that are released into the environment on a daily basis. Environmental chemicals or pollutants are not only hazardous to our ecosystem but also lead to various health problems that affect the human population worldwide irrespective of gender, race or age. However, most environmental health studies that have been conducted, until recently, were exclusively biased with regard to sex and gender, beginning with exposure studies that were reported mostly in male, occupational workers and animal studies being carried out mostly in male rodent models. Health-related issues pertaining to women of all age groups have not been studied thoroughly and rather disregarded in most aspects of basic health science research and it is therefore pertinent that we address these limitations in environmental health. The review also addresses studies looking at the associations between health outcomes and exposures to POPs, particularly, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins and pesticides, reported in cohort studies while accounting for gender differences. Considering that current levels of POPs in women can also impact future generations, informative guidelines related to dietary patterns and exposure history are needed for women of reproductive age. Additionally, occupational cohorts of highly exposed women worldwide, such as women working in manufacturing plants and female pesticide applicators are required to gather more information on population susceptibility and disease pathology.
Differences in the Electromyographic Activity of the Hamstring, Gluteus Maximus, and Erector Spinae Muscles in a Variety of Kinetic Changes
Authors: Hirose Norikazu , Tsuruike Masaaki
Published: August 2018

Hirose, N and Tsuruike, M. Differences in the electromyographic activity of the hamstring, gluteus maximus, and erector spinae muscles in a variety of kinetic changes. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3366–3372, 2018—This study aimed to clarify the differences in the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM), biceps femoris long head (BFl), gluteus maximus (GM), and erector spinae (ES) muscles during leg curl and bridge exercises across different knee angles and isometric contraction outputs. Sixteen male volunteers participated in this study. The EMG of all targeted muscles was measured at 20 and 40% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in the leg curl and during bilateral and unilateral bridge exercises. The knee flexion angle was randomly set at 30, 60, 90, and 120° during each of the exercises. The obtained data were normalized by the MVIC of the corresponding muscle, and each of the normalized values was compared with that of the ST. The EMG activity of the ST was significantly greater at 120° of knee flexion than that of 30 and 60° of knee flexion during leg curl regardless of intensity (p < 0.05), in contrast with that of the SM and BFl. However, bridge exercises diminished this inverse relationship. The ES activity changed similarly to that of the hamstrings, and no difference was observed in the activity of the GM regardless of different knee angles during bridge exercise(s). The strength and conditioning professionals should alter the knee joint angle and load during bridge and leg curl exercises according to which hamstring muscle they want to strengthen because ST, SM, and BFl EMG activity varies depending on the intensity and knee angles during these exercises.
Endothelial Vasodilation After a High-Volume Training Load and Tapered Training in Collegiate Female Swimmers
Authors: Weihl Fawn M. , Van Guilder Gary P.
Published: August 2018

Weihl, FM and Van Guilder, GP. Endothelial vasodilation after a high-volume training load and tapered training in collegiate female swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 811–818, 2021—High-volume endurance training loads have been linked to adverse remodeling of the heart and large arteries; yet, data on the vascular endothelial function are unclear. Moreover, although collegiate-level endurance athletes often perform high-volumes of vigorous endurance training and resistance training as part of their strength and conditioning programs, it is unknown whether they also experience vascular abnormalities, particularly changes in endothelial function. The aim of this study was to verify the impact of a high-volume training load phase followed by low-volume tapered training on endothelial vasodilator function in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I competitive female swimmers. Microvascular endothelial vasodilation was assessed by pulse arterial tonometry that provides a reactive hyperemia index in 10 female NCAA Division 1 swimmers after 4 weeks of a high-volume training load, and subsequently, after 3 weeks of low-volume tapered training as part of preparation for annual conference championships. The reactive hyperemia index was calculated as the ratio of the pulse volume amplitude after 5 minutes of left-arm brachial artery ischemia to the baseline amplitude, divided by same ratio in the contralateral arm. The high-volume training load included a 4-week block of dual-day sessions (120 minutes per practice) consisting of vigorous intensity endurance and high-intensity interval/sprint swim training, coupled with 5K running, resistance training, and Olympic weightlifting. Tapered training consisted of 3 weeks of 3–5 swims per week at ∼50% V̇o
2max for 60 minutes per practice (∼4,000 minutes per practice). The reactive hyperemia index (1.73 ± 0.50) was low in athletes after the high-volume training load with 8 athletes demonstrating endothelial dysfunction. However, after tapered training, the reactive hyperemia index was ∼33% higher (2.29 ± 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.98–2.60, p = 0.0223 vs. the high-volume training load). Effect size, as expressed by the partial eta2 (0.46) and Cohen's d
z (1.1923; 95% CI: 0.1687–2.4643) with tapered training, was large. These results demonstrate distinct differences in endothelial vasodilation after 4 weeks of a high-volume training load compared with a 3-week taper in NCAA Division I female swimmers.