bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Material Removal Rate Prediction in Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ) Process Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Adel Abdullah Mostafa , Kadhim Ghazi Safaa , R. Mohammed Atheer
Published: October 2023

The abrasive water jet (AWJ) is one of the most cutting-edge unconventional machining methods available today. It can remove metal from both hard and soft metals. During the process of abrasive water jet cutting of carbon steel metal work pieces, this study explored how jet pressure, feed rate, and standoff distance affect the rate of material removal. With the help of a precision balance instrument, a total of sixteen trials were carried out to ascertain the proportion of weight loss to total cutting time. To run experiments and determine which process parameters have the most significant impact on the material removal rate, the Taguchi method was utilized. Feed rate and pressure jet had a significant impact on the amount of material that was removed. The optimum rate of material removal was 4.18 grams per minute when the jet pressure was 350 MPa, the feed rate was 40 millimeters per minute, and the standoff distance was 5 millimeters. The prediction of the material removal rate made by the artificial neural network method was accurate 96.53% of the time
Quintic Spline Exponential Methods for Numerical Solutions of TwoPoint Boundary Value Problems in Mid Knots
Authors: R Khlefh Ahmed
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we develop a class of accurate methods based on the Quintic spline exponential method at mid-nodes for numerical solutions of two-point boundary value problems of the fourth order. Using this exponential spline method, some consistency relations are derived for calculating approximate solutions to problems. Existing finite differentials of the second and fourth orders and spline functionbased methods developed in the mid-knots become special cases of this method. The convergence analysis of the proposed method is discussed. Three numerical examples illustrate the practical usefulness of our methodology
Study The Effects of Different Doses of Tylosin Tartrate On Hematological Parameter and Some Reproductive Hormones On Male White Mice
Authors: I. Muhammed Awatif , Sahib Abdul-Nabi AL-Nasiry Ban
Published: October 2023

The current study aims to evaluate the toxicological and physiological effects of Tylosin tartrate (Tylo. Tart.), in different doses used (250,500,1000) mg/kg, and its effect on various blood parameters and reproductive hormones in male white mice treated daily for 4 weeks compared to the control group. In the present study, attention was paid to recording the changes in the weights of the mice before and after dosing, the study result showed non-significant differences in the weights of mice, indicating that (Tylo. Tart.) was not effect on weights during the dosing periods. Various blood parameters were examined and significant differences were observed in the number of immune cells, that had a prominent role in removing internal or external influences in the tissues of the reproductive organs beside the ratio of male hormones, indicating that (Tylo. Tart.), has a direct effect on male hormones positively reflected on increase the fertility activity of mice was shown visually through the obvious increase in the size of the testicles of treated mice compared to the control group, this was shown through histopathological sections of the testes of mice, a clear activity of (Tylo. Tart.), in different doses to rises the efficiency of spermatogenesis. Conclusion, the current study proved that the use of (Tylo. Tart.), in various doses has no toxic or side effects, while it has a significant effect on male reproductive efficiency, thus that (Tylo. Tart.), enables to be adopted in the future in veterinary drug formulations interested in fertilization
Using Walnut Peel as a Natural Dye with Natural Wool Fibers
Authors: Swadi Hiba , Swadi Nagham , M. Abdul-Hussain Meena , Subhi Ola
Published: October 2023

The research aims to use the dye of walnut shells extracted from the hard shells of the walnut plant, and the dyeing process was applied to the fibers of Iraqi wool, using potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) as a stabilizer for the dye in the acidic and alkaline mediums at different concentrations. Yellow at the acidic medium for all the concentrations used, and dark yellow and brown at the basic medium at concentrations (10%,15%,20%,25%), where the color degree of the dye used at acidic conditions was less compared to the color degree of the dye in the basic medium, and the dye used was characterized by its stability towards Many factors, including high stability towards sunlight, it was observed that the color resulting from the use of the dye was not affected by the rays emitted from the sun, and the results of the examination of washing with soap and water and detergents were (5, 4/5, 4, 3), while the results of acid and base perspiration were recorded (5, 4/5,4) As for the dry rubbing and wet rubbing tests, the results were good and recorded (5,4/5,4,3)
Antimicrobial Effect of Gaultheria Procumbens On Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Causing Wound Infections
Authors: Fouad Ali Layla
Published: October 2023

Worldwide, a fast rise of resistant bacteria threatens the effectiveness of antibiotics, so alternatives should be used to overcome this serious problem. In this study a plant extract was used against multidrug resistant bacteria. Eight Klebsiella pneumonia and eight Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from wounds infections. They were isolated and identified by biochemical tests and confirmed by using Vitek-2 test. The plant Gaultheria procumbens was extracted by. Susceptibility test was performed for nine antibiotics against all 16 isolated bacteria, this study brings to light that Klebsiella pneumonia isolates were 100% resistant to most antibiotics but they were sensitive with 12.5%, 75% and 75% to clindamycin, imipenem and meropenem respectively, while Staphylococcus aureus isolates were sensitive with 25% to imipenem and meropenem only. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration was assessed by using microtiter plate for plant extract and meropenem to all isolates. The plant extract subMICs were used against biofilm formation in Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Biofilm inhibition was calculated for each isolate, furthermore, biofilm formation was reduced in most Staphylococcus aureus isolates more than in Klebsiella pneumonia isolates
Adaptation Impact of Urban Alleyways
Authors: Hasan Shukur Inas , N. Al-Shammaa Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Urban alleys are considered one of the main elements of the urban infrastructure, and they were considered an interactive space in the ancient cities, where the need for it stemmed from the need of the people as they were the users of it. From here, the general problem of the research emerged in (the complete lack of knowledge of the impact of adaptation in urban alleys), and a research problem represented by (lack of knowledge about the statement of the impact of adaptation mechanisms on the architecture of urban alleys to reach an interactive urban infrastructure), in order to reach the goal of research in ( Building a theoretical framework on the concepts of adaptation and the mechanisms to achieve it in the architecture of urban alleys to reach an interactive urban infrastructure), where the research assumed (it is possible to achieve adaptation in the urban alley to reach an interactive urban alley through the application of its mechanisms within the urban infrastructure), by being a plan The research and its methodology by selecting examples of urban alleys in different countries and using comparative analysis between their types and the possibility of applying adaptation mechanisms to reach indicators to test the hypothesis and access to results, conclusions and recommendations for future research
The Effect of Serum Glypican-4 (GLY-4) in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Iraq
Authors: Abdul Hussein Mahmeed Bayader , Ahmed Abass Hend , T. Al-Rubayee Wasan , Sulaiman Baban Rayah
Published: October 2023

Glypicans, a family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are attached to the cell membrane by a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor, and they include six members, GPC1-GPC6. Glypicans are emerging as an important family of compounds that may play a role in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the levels of Glypican-4 (GLY-4) in Iraqi patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods the study included 80 subject divided into 40 patients with cardiovascular disease and 40 controls. Measured Serum GPC4 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Result Serum GPC4 was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease and negative correlation between gly-4 and Troponin (r= - 0.1511), while a positive correlation was found between gly-4 and CRP (r= 0.157). Conclusions the study indicates that elevated serum GLY-4 levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease
Solving Some Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations by GERFM
Authors: Mohamed Ridha Al-Fatlawy Zaniab
Published: October 2023

We study using the method of generalized Hexponential rational function method (GERFM) to acquire some exact optical solitons for the dimensionless form of some equations such as (1 + 1) generalized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony (GBBM) equation. To this end, by transformation: 𝑢(𝑥,𝑡) = 𝜓(𝜂), 𝜂 = 𝑘𝑥 − 𝜃𝑡. Where k and θ are constant values, the equations are converted into a nonlinear ODE. Second, the nonlinear ODE is solved according to a linear combination of the given basis functions. In this case, an algebraic equation is constructed. The solution of the nonlinear ODE yields the same solution of the original nonlinear PDE. In this paper, we will discuss about exact solutions of Generalized Benjamin-BonaMahony, Wu-Zhang equation and Fisher equation. we present generalized exponential rational function method that is abbreviated by GERFM. We use it to find an exact solution for some equations that we present in the sequel
Evaluation The Efficacy of Ocimum Basilicum Extract & Antifungal Agents Against Some Pathogenic Filamentous Fungi
Authors: Ali Alzamily Ihsan , Ali Tamur Hassan , M Hussein Murtadha
Published: October 2023

The widespread availability of chemical-based medications opened a way for researchers to look for alternatives, returning to the primary source of drugs. Plants have been utilized for their healing abilities since ancient times since they have been proved to cure diseases. some filamentous fungi used such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Trichophyton and Cladosporium. The study included use of four types of antifungals agents, Ketoconazole, Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Nystatin, the study conducted that Fluconazole have the highest effect with inhibition zone of (37mm) against Aspergillus niger followed by Nystatin (24mm) against Trichophyton verrucosum, the antifungal Itraconazole came third with (23mm) against Trichophyton verrucosum and finally Ketoconazole with (21mm) against Aspergillus niger. Regarding to Ocimum basilicum extract, four concentrations 50%,25%,12.5% and 6.250 % respectively were used, the concentration of 25% had the highest effect with inhibition zone of (36mm) against Aspergillus flavus followed by concentration of 6.25 % with (35mm) against Penicillium expansum, concentration of 12.5 % with (33mm) against Penicillium expansum and finally concentration of 50 % with (22mm) against Aspergillus flavus. Synergistic test was done by mixing Ocimum basilicum extract with four types of antifungal agents, itraconazole with different concentrations gave good results with (Itra + 25% 39 mm) against Fusarium oxysporum followed by ketoconazole with (Keto+ 50% 30 mm) against Aspergillus Flavus, Nystatin with (Nyst + 50% 28 mm) against Aspergillus Flavus and finally Fluconazole with (Flu+12.5% 23 mm) against Trichophyton Verrucosum
Research on the Coordinated Development of Technological Innovation,Talent Agglomeration, and New Urbanization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors:   School of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Zhanhang ZHOU ,   Research Center for Territorial Spatial Governance and Green Development, Huazhong Agricultural University, Dongliang LI ,   School of Economics and Management, Tianjin Chengjian University, Linjian CAO ,   School of Economics and Management, Tianjin Chengjian University, Chen ZENG ,   School of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University,   Research Center for Territorial Spatial Governance and Green Development, Huazhong Agricultural University, Zhen WANG ,   Research Center for Territorial Spatial Governance and Green Development, Huazhong Agricultural University,   College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University
Published: October 2023

In the context of high-quality development, the development paradigm of integrating scientific and technological innovation, talent agglomeration, and new-type urbanization has become a key issue in regional development. Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example, this paper analyzes the interaction mechanism of the three systems and constructs an evaluation index system from the perspective of regional high-quality development. This paper combined entropy weight TOPSIS, coupling coordination degree model, and Gini coefficient to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics and regional differences of system coupling coordination. The evolution trend of the coupling coordination type is predicted by the Markov chain model. The research shows that: (1) The development index of the three major systems in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is on the rise, and the coupling coordination degree is in the running-in stage as a whole. The resistance restricting the coupling coordination degree is mainly the lag of scientific and technological innovation in the upstream, and the lag of talent gathering in the middle and downstream. ( 2) The coupling coordination degree of the three systems has obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics, showing a high level in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and a low level in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. (3) The gap of the coupling coordination degree of the three systems in the whole Yangtze River Economic Belt is gradually narrowing, and the large development gap among different regions is still the main cause of the Gini coefficient of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. (4) There is a location difference in the probability of coupling coordination level transfer, and the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River will still be in the antagonistic or running-in stage in the next stage, while the lower reaches of the Yangtze River will be in the coordination stage. The research conclusions provide scientific references for the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Analysis on the Effect of “EqualRight to Rent and Purchase” Policy Implementation in China
Authors:   School of Modern Finance, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Liying XIA , Jianbo ZHANG ,   Department of Economics, University of Kansa
Published: October 2023

The protection of housing and related basic public services is a fundamental issue that concerns people’s security of tenure. If there is a mismatch between the right to rent and the right to housing, it will inevitably affect the relevant interests of the rental group. This paper analyzes the impact of the implementation of the “equal rights to rent and purchase” policy on the real estate sales market and rental market in China. Taking the policy of “equal rights to rent and purchase” implemented in Guangzhou on July 17, 2017 as the cut-off point, this paper analyzes the second-hand housing market and the rental market in Guangzhou by using the method of differences-in-differences (DID) . The conclusion shows that the implementation of “equal rights to rent and purchase“ policy has no significant impact on the housing price of secondhand housing market in Guangzhou, but it can a dampening effect by reducing the growth rate of housing price of school district, and play a certain inhibitory role. At the same time, the policy has no significant impact on the housing rental market. This paper argues that the policy of “equal rights for rent and purchase” should be implemented refined in the future, in an attempt to give the same rights to public goods and services to the home buyers and renters, as a means of promoting the fair and harmonious development of society. Taking “school district housing” as an example, it can slow down the continuous growth of housing prices in areas related to school district housing, which is conducive to the healthy development of the real estate market.
Collaborative Promotion:A New Path for the Development of Dual-Innovation Education in Colleges and Universities in Ethnic Minority Area
Authors:   School of Teacher Development, Shaanxi Normal University/Shaanxi Institute of Teacher Development, Fei HAN ,   School of Economics and Management, Guizhou Normal University, Zijun GAO ,   Guizhou Traffic Technician and Transportation College, Yinghua WU ,   Anxi County Chenli Vocational and Technical School, Zinan CHEN ,   Guiyang Investment Holding Group Corporation
Published: October 2023

In the context of the new era, talent is the first resource and innovation is the first driving force, and it is more and more important to emphasize the dual-creation education in colleges and universities. Colleges and universities are an important position for cultivating talents for regional social and economic development in ethnic areas, while dual-creative education is an important carrier for cultivating dual-creative talents in ethnic areas. However, for the backward colleges and universities in the western ethnic areas, they are characterized by distinctive ethnic characteristics, weak educational foundation and diverse student backgrounds. Therefore, universities in the western ethnic areas must adapt to local conditions, give full play to the effectiveness of dual-creation education in universities in ethnic areas in the west, and realize that education helps students generate dual-creation ability, so that dual-creation education can really become an important support point for strengthening the modernization construction of ethnic areas. As the main position for cultivating innovative talents in the region, colleges and universities in ethnic areas have carried out rich exploration and practice of dual-creation education. By analyzing the current situation of dual-creation education in colleges and universities in ethnic areas, it is found that there are the problems of incapacitation of dual-creation education faculty, superficiality of dual-creation education practice, fragmentation of dual-creation education resources, and emptying of the spirit of dual-creation education. In view of this, by analyzing the dual-creation education models and real cases of colleges and universities in ethnic areas, we put forward the cyclic dual-creation education model based on dual-creation competition “TPRS” and the five-level linkage dual-creation talent cultivation organization structure, in order to cultivate dual-creation talents as the basis, explore the new path of dual-creation education development in colleges and universities of ethnic areas and lead the high-quality development of dual-creation education in ethnic areas. It will explore a new path for the development of dual-creation education in universities in ethnic areas and lead the development of dual-creation education in ethnic areas.
A Study on the Basic Characteristics and Coping Strategies of Bullying in Japanese School
Authors:   School of Educational Science, Yulin Normal University, Cuiling WU , Xiaojun HE ,   School of Educational Science, Yulin Normal University
Published: October 2023

Globally, school bullying has become a serious educational and social problem in different countries. Japan has developed a response system with its own characteristics in dealing with bullying in schools. Based on a review of the definitions of bullying and school bullying response measures in Japan at different times, the study is centered on the results of the 2022 survey on bullying in schools conducted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan and based on the data published by MEXT and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) in 2022, the study focuses on "early prevention, early detection, early response and response to major incidents", and describes responses in these four aspects at both the national and school levels. The results of the study show that bullying in Japanese schools is becoming more prevalent and serious, the group of school bullying tends to be younger, non-violent psychological harm is the main type of school bullying, and methods of school bullying tend to be more covert, and cyber bullying tends to be more serious. The current response to bullying in schools in Japan emphasizes the strengthening of bullying prevention education from primary school onwards, with a tendency to strengthen education on interpersonal relationships and awareness of collective norms within the school (or classroom) . The specific response to school bullying consists of four components: early prevention, early detection, early response, and response to major incidents. Utilizing the role of the state, regional public bodies, schools, and other institutions is an important way to respond properly to incidents of bullying in schools. Among them, particular emphasis is placed on early detection and early response, and a special response to major incidents of school bullying.
Metodología juego-trabajo y su importancia en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas en niños de preescolar en el distrito de Penonomé.
Authors: Pérez Dayse , Castro B. José
Published: October 2023

Con el pasar de los tiempos los cambios tecnológicos, científicos y humanísticos específicamente en el campo de la educación han tenido un  gran avance sobre todo en los métodos utilizados por los maestros en su quehacer pedagógico, en la educación preescolar, la metodología juego-trabajo ha surgido como una estrategia para optimizar las experiencias de aprendizaje en los niños logrando así que estas sean más significativas e interesantes, evadiendo de esta manera la educación rutinaria que mantenía al niño pasivo y sin oportunidad de  explotar su potencial.

Por ello, este estudio se enfoca en conocer la importancia de la metodología juego-trabajo y la relación que tiene en el desarrollo de las habilidades cognitivas en los infantes de preescolar. Se ejecutó un estudio descriptivo con un enfoque cuantitativo y se utilizó como herramienta para recolección de información una encuesta estructurada con 10 preguntas relacionadas al tema en estudio. Este instrumento fue aplicado a 40 docentes del distrito de Penonomé, pero solo fue contestada de manera completa por 20 docentes de preescolar de estas escuelas. Los resultados determinaron que 65% de los docentes consideran que la metodología juego-trabajo desarrolla habilidades en los niños de preescolar, cabe mencionar que un 35% indica que esta metodología no aporta o no potencia ningún tipo de habilidades en los infantes de preescolar. El 50 % de los encuestados señalan que esta metodología aporta o potencia habilidades cognitivas necesarias para los niños de este nivel educativo, lo que indica que hay docentes que no la utilizan, por ende, es necesario dar a conocer lo importante que es para el niño que se retome en las aulas de clases esta metodología que resulta de muchos beneficios para ellos.
Evaluation of the potential benefits of alkaline drinking water on tumor development reveals vascular protective effects
Authors: García-Gómez Raquel , Prieto Ignacio , Amor Sara , Patel Gaurangkumar , Fuente María de la , Granado Miriam , Monsalve Maria
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The proposed benefits of alkaline water generally lack experimental supporting evidence.

Material and methods

We tested the effects of alkaline water on tumor development in C57BL/6 mice. To recapitulate early tumor development, mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated with DEN (50 µg/l) and TCPOBOP (0.5 µg/g) for 24 weeks.

Results

Cell proliferation was significantly lower in animals receiving alkaline water, and VEGFR2 staining was higher in the vasculature, suggesting less advanced disease stages. B16-V5 cells were injected subcutaneously or through the tail vein to generate primary tumors or lung metastatic nodules, respectively. Subcutaneous tumors of mice exposed to alkaline water showed a lower proliferative index and vasculature with a better-preserved intima layer and structure. The number of lung metastatic nodules was lower in mice exposed to filtered water. The vascular effects were tested in a rat model of hypertension (spontaneously hypertensive rat – SHR). Following 12 weeks of alkaline water consumption, the aortic rings had an enhanced vasodilatory response to a nitric oxide donor (nitroprusside – NTP), and several inflammatory markers were reduced in blood and heart tissue.

Conclusions

These results indicate that alkaline water could have a protective effect on vascular function, reduce inflammation, and in the context of tumor development, reduce the incidence of metastasis.
Effects of Extrusion Variables on Some Chemical and Functional Properties of Thermo-extrudates from Selected Varieties of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L)
Authors: Ayinde Folashade A. , Bankole Yakub O. , Henshaw Folake O. , Eromosele Cathrine O. , Alavi Sajid , Adedeji Akinbode A.
Published: October 2023

This study examined the effects of extrusion conditions of Feed moisture (FM) (14 – 25% wb) and Screw speed (SS) (250 – 350 rpm) at constant barrel temperature of 100oC on some chemical composition and functional properties of thermo-extrudates from three sesame varieties (Bogoro, E8, and Ex-Sudan), using central composite rotatable design on water absorption (WAC) and oil absorption (OAC) capacity, bulk density (BD), solubility (SOL) and swelling capacity (SC). The protein content of thermo-extrudates significantly (p<0.05) decreased with FM and increased SS. The tannin content in the thermo-extrudates ranged from 11.0 to 14.17; 9.83 to 12.50; and 7.50 to 12.65 (mg/100 g), the phytate content ranged from 19.33 to 25.00; 17.00 to 21.50 and 16.0 to 22.83 (mg/100 g) in Bogoro, E8, and Ex-Sudan respectively. An increase in FM and SS (p<0.05) reduced tannin by 41%, 40% and 46%, and phytate by 28%, 32%, and 30% in Bogoro, E8,and Ex-Sudan. Solubility was the most predictable functional property of the thermo-extrudates, with models having coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.99, 0.82, and 0.86 for Bogoro, E8, and Ex-Sudan. The optimized processing conditions for E8 with desirability of 0.74 are FM 14% and SS 250 rpm, which resulted in optimal WAC of 168.55%; SOL 14.36%; OAC 138.27%; BD 0.67 g/cm3; SC 1.53%.
Successful treatment of concurrent acute migraine headache and atrial fibrillation with benzodiazepine administration
Authors: Öztürk Hayriye Mihrimah , Morkavuk Gülin , Öztürk Selçuk
Published: October 2023

Migraine and atrial fibrillation (AF) are common disorders in the general population in which autonomic nervous system takes role in the pathophysiological mechanism of both diseases. Migraine is a primary headache disease that is associated with significant debilitating symptoms and disability especially among young individuals and AF is associated with excess risk of morbidity and mortality. Interaction between migraine and AF has been a major interest since years at a pathophysiological and clinical level. Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are a class of psychotropic drugs that act through gamma amino butyric acid-A receptors located in the central nervous system. BZDs are widely used for their anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative-hypnotic and muscle relaxant effects. Herein, we describe a case of a patient presenting with concurrent acute migraine headache and AF attack and successful treatment of both conditions simultaneously with intravenous administration of BZD.
Investigation of the effects of embedded third molar to the second molar through cbct and panoramic radiography
Authors: Kısa Hazal , Bakır Elif Pınar
Published: October 2023

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between these two methods by comparatively examining the caries, external root resorption, and periodontal bone destruction caused by impacted third molars on adjacent teeth by comparing panoramic and CBCT images.
Methods: In this study, all the OPG and CBCT images of 388 impacted third molars belonging to 205 patients were evaluated. While impacted third molars were differentiated according to Pell & Gregory and Archer and Kruger classification criteria, distal caries, marginal bone loss, and external root resorption in the second molar were examined by panoramic and CBCT.
Results: 388 impacted teeth were evaluated in 205 patients, and the rate of distal caries was 27.5% in panoramic radiographs and 31% in CBCT (p<0.05). External root resorption formation in second molars observed in CBCT was not observed in 18.8% of panoramic radiographs (p<0.05). Marginal bone loss was observed 9.8% more in CBCT than in panoramic x-rays (p<0.05). All three pathologies were observed at the highest rate in the Class 2 position, while distal caries was observed at the highest rate in position B. In the examinations performed for the lower and upper jaws, the rate of all three pathologies was found to be higher in the CBCT evaluation than in the panoramic radiography.
Conclusion: CBCT; Although it is disadvantageous in terms of radiation dose and cost, it has been found to be more effective than panoramic x-ray in the detection of distal caries, marginal bone loss, and external root resorption pathologies. It is thought that this situation can be considered as a criterion in terms of profit-loss analysis when the examination is requested, thus preventing pathologies from being overlooked.
Discurso de Diana Marcela Contreras, graduada de la Escuela de Formación Política y Ciudadana (2022)
Authors: Contreras Marcela
Published: October 2023

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
Proceso, Año 4, No. 117, 2023: 7-8.
Application of a combination of physical fields to increase the planting quality of soybean seeds
Authors:   Far East state agrarian University, Shchitov Sergey , Kuznetsov Evgeniy , Voyakin Sergej , Evdokimov Vyacheslav , Samuylo Viktor , Kurkov Yuri , Shevchenko Maxim
Published: October 2023

One of the main conditions for obtaining a high soybean yield is maintaining optimal sowing and harvesting times, as well as pre-sowing seed treatment aimed at increasing the sowing qualities of the seed material. In the Amur region, the optimal sowing time is considered to be the period when the average daily air temperature reaches 10–14º degrees Celsius. In this connection, as studies have shown, mid-ripening and late-ripening soybean varieties are sown at the end of May, usually on the 20th-25th, and early-ripening varieties are sown a week later. Maintaining these sowing dates contributes to better development of soybean plants, which allows the necessary work to care for the crops to be carried out in favorable conditions. The studies carried out show that all sowing work in the region must be carried out in the shortest possible time and no later than June 5. In addition to the conditions listed above, to increase soybean yields, it is necessary to pay due attention to other indicators, such as the quality of sowing work, selection of sowing method, compliance with seeding standards, sowing density and depth of seed placement in the soil, etc. Also, one of the promising ways to improve the sowing qualities of soybean seeds is to improve the mechanization used during pre-sowing treatment. The presented article presents the results of research on improving the pre-sowing qualities of seed material through the use of thermal and electromagnetic physical fields in combined processing of soybean seeds. Keywords: SEEDS, SOYBEANS, SOWING QUALITIES, SEED MATERIAL
Can YouTube videos be instructive for self-injection of enoxaparin subcutaneously in patients?
Authors: SALTALI Ali Özgül , ÜNDAR Hasan Nabi
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the most watched videos about the application of enoxaparine on Youtube in terms of quality, reliability, usefulness and comprehensiveness. The reason for examining the videos of the broadcasts on Youtube in the study is that Youtube is a digital information source that people can access easily. In the evaluation of the videos, the video power index was calculated based on both views and likes. The quality of the videos was evaluated according to the Global Quality Score-GQS score, and the reliability was evaluated according to the DISCERN scale scores. A total of 400 videos were watched in the study and analyzes were carried out with the remaining 34 videos after the exclusion criteria. 16 of these videos were uploaded by patients, 13 by healthcare professionals, and 5 by other individuals/institutions. 25 (73.5%) of the videos contain useful information and 9 (26.5%) misleading information. According to the quality scores of the videos calculated by GQS scoring, 15 were low, 6 were medium, and 13 were high quality videos. It was determined that the reliability and comprehensiveness scores of the videos were moderate. The results of the research revealed that Youtube videos are not an adequate instructional resource regarding the quality, safety and comprehensiveness of teaching self-injection of enoxaparine.
CHOICE OF ARBITRATORS: ANY RESTRICTIONS ON THE NATIONALITY OF ARBITRATORS? A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NURDIN JIVRAJ V SADRUDDIN HASHWANI CASE
Authors: Özkarslıgil Ayşe Tuğba
Published: October 2023

The fundamental essence of international arbitration lies in the presence of an arbitral tribunal that is characterized by impartiality, independence, and neutrality. Impartiality and independence of arbitrators are associated with avoiding any t or bias towards either party, while neutrality pertains to the arbitrator’s nationality. The principal question in Jivraj v Hashwani case is to determine the limits on party autonomy in the selection of arbitrators. In particular, Jivraj v Hashwani case raised the issue of whether a requirement for an arbitrator to be a member of a particular religious community was discriminatory and thus unlawful. As is seen from this case, the English Court of Appeal ruled that including a religious requirement in an arbitration clause is unlawful and renders the clause null and void. The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom overturned the English Court of Appeal’s decision and upheld the freedom of parties to specify their arbitrators. Supreme Court decision in Jivraj v Hashwani provided some clarity on issues such as employment, nationality, and retroactivity when contracts were governed by United Kingdom law. This article investigates boundaries of party autonomy in appointing arbitrators.
Adaptive institutional change in municipal waste management
Authors: Georgiev Minko , Georgieva Vanya , Blagoeva Nadezhda
Published: October 2023

Purpose. The paper proposes a new trajectory of institutional change that integrates economic (fiscal) and technical solutions in managing municipal waste.

Methodology / approach. The study adopts a model for the study of institutional change. A retrospective, quantitative analysis of institutional change, a legal-historical analysis of formal institutions, and a comparative-institutional analysis are used to substantiate the link between municipal waste quantities and Gross domestic product (GDP) growth. Using correlation and regression analysis, we examine the relationship between institutional change in municipal waste management and recycling.

Results. The study proves the impact of institutional change on municipal waste management in the EU and Bulgaria. It can change the relationship between GDP and the amount of waste and stimulate the implementation of more efficient and innovative waste management methods. The relationship between institutional change in municipal waste management are studied. The main idea is that more legal acts regulating municipal waste management and a higher human development index, wich reflects better and more efficient municipal waste management, will lead to higher recycling rates. The study discusses how institutional change aimed at effective municipal waste management can contribute to increased revenues and reduced costs for the government by promoting innovation in the sector, introducing more efficient waste collection and treatment technologies, and encouraging recycling.

Originality / scientific novelty. The study highlights the lack of a unified direction in rules and policies for municipal waste management in Bulgaria and its impact on the system’s efficiency. It aims to present a new approach to solving the problems related to municipal waste management in Bulgaria that focuses on the importance of institutional change.

Practical value / implications. The paper identifies differences between the municipal waste management systems in the EU and Bulgaria. The proposed financial and technical solutions help central and municipal administrations to create new institutions. These actions can be joint and better coordinated. All this should lead to changes in the regulatory framework. The new rules will contribute to stability and less need to change regulations, clarity for individuals and organisations to the optimal solutions for reducing municipal waste costs, and “pressure” on the central and local administration to take the necessary actions for such a change.
TÜRKİYE’DE KONUT FİYATLARI İLE MAKROEKONOMİK GÖSTERGELER ARASINDA NEDENSELLİK İLİŞKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK ANALİZ
Authors: AYDIN Saim
Published: October 2023

İnsanların gerek barınma gerek yatırım aracı olarak kullandığı ve ülkelerin ekonomisinde büyük bir paya sahip olan konut fiyatlarının belirlenmesinde mali olmayan faktörlerin yanı sıra, makroekonomik faktörler de başat rol oynamaktadır. Bundan dolayı konut fiyatları ile makroekonomik faktörler arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de konut fiyat endeksi (KFE) ile inşaat malzemeleri toptan eşya fiyat endeksi (IMTEFE), tüketici fiyat endeksi (TUFE), bankalarca verilen konut kredi faiz oranı (KKFO), dolar kuru (DOLAR) ve sanayi üretim endeksi (SU) gibi seçilmiş makroekonomik değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 2010:01-2023:03 dönemine ait aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Analiz yöntemi olarak Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin doğal logaritmaları kullanılarak yapılan analizler sonucunda, KFE ile IMTEFE, DOLAR ve TUFE arasında çift yönlü Granger nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu; KFE ’den KKFO ’ya doğru ve SU ’dan KFE ’ye doğru tek yönlü Granger nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular çerçevesinde politikacıların konut sektörüne yönelik daha etkin bir politika geliştirmeleri gerektiği ve konut satın alınabilirliliği sorununu çözmek amacıyla sağlıklı bir yatırım kararı almalarının önemli olduğu önerileri sunulmuştur.
On the polarimetric backscatter by a still or quasi-still wind turbine
Authors: Gabella Marco , Lainer Martin , Wolfensberger Daniel , Grazioli Jacopo
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Wind turbines negatively affect the performance of weather radars, especially when located in the proximity of a radar site. In March 2019, MeteoSwiss performed a measurement campaign by deploying a mobile X-band radar in Schaffhausen. It proved to be useful for mapping and characterizing
the maximum power returns by three wind turbines observed using standard
scanning strategies. In March 2020, the campaign was repeated using a
more sophisticated scan strategy: ∼ 100 min special
sessions of fixed pointing an antenna towards the nacelle of the closest wind
turbine (WT) located within a range of 7766 m from the radar, interleaved every
2 h by a scanning protocol identical to that of the March 2019 campaign.
Polarimetric radar signatures were derived every 64 ms using 128 radar pulses transmitted every 0.5 ms (pulse repetition frequency (PRF) = 2000 Hz). A thorough overview of the polarimetric signatures of the WT in still or quasi-still conditions has
been obtained based on 30 000 polarimetric measurables acquired
over 32 min on the first day of the campaign (4 March 2020). During
the first 2 min with zero rotor speed, the co-polar correlation
coefficient between the orthogonal polarization states, ρHV, was persistently equal to 1, similarly to the signature of a bright scatterer
observed by a non-rotating antenna. The changes between two consecutive
values of the differential reflectivity and radar reflectivity factor were
either 0 dBz or ±0.5 dBz. Due to the absence of precipitation, one
could assume that the standard deviation of the differential phase shift,
which was as small as 3.0∘, can be entirely attributed to the
variability of the differential backscattering phase shift. There were two
10 min periods during which the rotor moved less than 1 revolution. It
is worth noting that this slow movement could be associated with a change in
the blade pitch angle and the nacelle orientation, which caused extreme
changes in the radar reflectivity factor. For instance, two pairs of 64 ms
consecutive values reached 78.5 dBz, which is the absolute maximum
reached in the whole campaign (4–21 March 2020).
Eccentricity forcing on Tropical Ocean Seasonality
Authors: Beaufort Luc , Sarr Anta Clarisse
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The amount of radiative energy received at the Earth's surface depends on two factors: Earth-Sun distance and sunlight angle. Because of the former factor, high eccentricity cycles can induce the appearance of seasons in the tropical ocean. In this paper, we use the Earth System model IPSL-CM5A2 to investigate the response of the low-latitude oceans to variations in Earth's orbital eccentricity. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Primary Production (PP) were simulated under six precession configurations at high eccentricity and two configurations with low eccentricity, representing extreme configurations observed over the past million years. Results show that high eccentricity leads to increased seasonality in SST, with an annual thermal amplitude of approximately 2.2 °C in low latitude ocean surface waters (vs. 0.5 °C at low eccentricity). PP, which already exhibits inherent seasonality under low eccentricity conditions, sees its seasonality largely increased under high eccentricity. As a consequence, we show that on long time scales the intensity of SST seasonality exhibits only the eccentricity frequency, whereas that of PP additionally follows precession dynamics. Furthermore, the seasonal variations in both SST and PP at high eccentricities are influenced by the annual placement of perihelion with its direct impact of radiative energy received in tropical regions. This leads to a gradual and consistent transition of seasons within the calendar. We introduce the concept of "eccentriseasons," referring to distinct annual thermal differences observed in tropical oceans under high eccentricity conditions, which shift gradually throughout the calendar year. These findings have implications for understanding low latitude climate phenomena such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation and monsoons in the past.
Extraction, purification, and clumped isotope analysis of methane (Δ13CDH3 and Δ12CD2H2) from sources and the atmosphere
Authors: Sivan Malavika , Röckmann Thomas , van der Veen Carina , Popa Maria Elena
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Measurements of the clumped isotope anomalies (Δ13CDH3 and Δ12CD2H2) of methane (CH4) have shown potential for constraining CH4 sources and sinks. Together with the bulk isotopic composition, they can be used to unravel the information about the formation and history of CH4. At Utrecht University, we use the Thermo Ultra high-resolution isotope ratio mass spectrometer to measure the clumped isotopic composition of CH4 from samples of various origins such as geologic sites, biogenic systems, and laboratory incubation experiments, and from the atmosphere. We have developed an extraction system with three sections for extracting and purifying CH4 from high (>1 %), medium (0.1–1 %), and low-concentration (< 1 %) samples, including atmospheric air (~2 ppm = 0.0002 %). Depending on the CH4 concentration, a quantity of sample gas is processed that delivers 3 ± 1 mL of pure CH4, which is the quantity typically needed for one clumped isotope measurement. For atmospheric air with a CH4 mole fraction of 2 ppm, we currently process up to 1100 L of air. The analysis is performed on pure CH4, using a dual inlet setup. The complete measurement time for all isotope signatures is about 20 hours for one sample. The mean internal precision of sample measurements is 0.3 ± 0.1 ‰ for Δ13CDH3 and 2.4 ± 0.8 ‰ for Δ12CD2H2. The long-term reproducibility, obtained from repeated measurements of a constant target gas, over almost 3 years, is around 0.15 ‰ for Δ13CDH3 and 1.2 ‰ for Δ12CD2H2. The measured clumping anomalies are calibrated via the Δ13CDH3 and Δ12CD2H2 values of the reference CH4 used for the dual inlet measurements. These were determined through isotope equilibration experiments at temperatures between 50 and 450 °C. Here, we describe in detail the optimized sampling, extraction, purification, and measurement technique followed in our laboratory to measure the clumping anomalies of CH4 precisely and accurately. We also give an overview of the results of samples of various origins measured using this procedure.