bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving future optical Earth Observation products using transfer learning
Authors: Kettig Peter , Sanchez-Diaz Eduardo , Baillarin Simon , Hagolle Olivier , Delvit Jean-Marc , Lassalle Pierre , Hugues Romain
Published: March 2020

Pixels covered by clouds in optical Earth Observation images are not usable for most applications. For this reason, only images delivered with reliable cloud masks are eligible for an automated or massive analysis. Current state of the art cloud detection algorithms, both physical models and machine learning models, are specific to a mission or a mission type, with limited transferability. A new model has to be developed every time a new mission is launched. Machine Learning may overcome this problem and, in turn obtain state of the art, or even better performances by training a same algorithm on datasets from different missions. However, simulating products for upcoming missions is not always possible and available actual products are not enough to create a training dataset until well after the launch. Furthermore, labelling data is time consuming. Therefore, even by the time when enough data is available, manually labelled data might not be available at all.

 

To solve this bottleneck, we propose a transfer learning based method using the available products of the current generation of satellites. These existing products are gathered in a database that is used to train a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) solely on those products. The trained model is applied to images from other - unseen - sensors and the outputs are evaluated. We avoid labelling manually by automatically producing the ground data with existing algorithms. Only a few semi-manually labelled images are used for qualifying the model. Even those semi-manually labelled samples need very few user inputs. This drastic reduction of user input limits subjectivity and reduce the costs.

 

We provide an example of such a process by training a model to detect clouds in Sentinel-2 images, using as ground-truth the masks of existing state-of-the-art processors. Then, we apply the trained network to detect clouds in previously unseen imagery of other sensors such as the SPOT family or the High-Resolution (HR) Pleiades imaging system, which provide a different feature space.

The results demonstrate that the trained model is robust to variations within the individual bands resulting from different acquisition methods and spectral responses. Furthermore, the addition of geo-located auxiliary data that is independent from the platform, such as digital elevation models (DEMs), as well as simple synthetic bands such as the NDVI or NDSI, further improves the results.

In the future, this approach opens up the possibility to be used on new CNES’ missions, such as Microcarb or CO3D.
Energy Transfers Between Balanced and Unbalanced Motions in Geophysical Flows
Authors: Chouksey Manita
Published: March 2020

Geophysical flows such as the atmosphere and the ocean are characterized by rotation and stratification, which together give rise to two dominant motions: the slow balanced and the fast unbalanced motions. The interaction between the balanced and unbalanced motions and the energy transfers between them impact the energy and momentum cycle of the flow, and is therefore crucial to understand the underlying energetics of the atmosphere and the ocean. Balanced motions, for instance mesoscale eddies, can transfer their energy to unbalanced motions, such as internal gravity waves, by spontaneous loss of balance amongst other processes. The exact mechanism of wave generation, however, remain less understood and is hindered to an extent by the challenge of separating the flow field into balanced and unbalanced motions.

This separation is achieved using two different balancing procedures in an identical model setup and assess the differences in the obtained balanced state and the resultant energy transfer to unbalanced motions. The first procedure we implement is a non-linear initialisation procedure based on Machenhauer (1977) but extended to higher orders in Rossby number. The second procedure implemented is the optimal potential vorticity balance to achieve the balanced state. The results show that the numerics of the model affect the obtained balanced state from the two procedures, and thus the residual signal which we interpret as the unbalanced motions, i.e. internal gravity waves.  A further complication is the presence of slaved modes, which appear along the unbalanced motions but are tied to the balanced motions, for which we need to extend the separation to higher orders in Rossby number. Further, we assess the energy transfers between balanced and unbalanced motions in experiments with different Rossby numbers and for different orders in Rossby number. We find that it is crucial to consider the effect of the numerics in models and make a suitable choice of the balancing procedure, as well as diagnose the unbalanced motions at higher orders to precisely detect the unbalanced wave signal.
The Expression of Epistemic Uncertainty Through the Use of Distal Demonstratives in Russian and Chinese: A Cognitive Analysis of Corpus Data
Authors: Bocale Paola , Brigadoi Cologna Daniele
Published: March 2020

In both Russian and Chinese, there are conditional connectives that appear in the apodosis of conditional sentences and are derived from non-proximal demonstratives. This work will concentrate on the Russian conditional connective to and the Chinese conditional connective nà, which share a similar development from distal demonstratives and exhibit similar syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties. The analysis will take into account that both Russian to and Chinese nà are fundamentally deictic and have a motivated semantic content, which is closely related to the respective distal deictic demonstratives with the meaning that. The main question addressed in this work is how the semantics of distal demonstratives can account for their interaction with environments marked by epistemic uncertainty. In order to explain how the spatial relationship is transferred to the modal domain, the research will draw upon the theoretical framework of Deictic Space Theory, a cognitive linguistic theory which grounds fundamental features of human language in spatial cognition. The analysis will show how the occurrence of distal deictics in constructions involving epistemic uncertainty can be explained as a metaphorical extension from the basic meanings of remoteness in space and time to remoteness in certainty.
La investigación científica para encontrar soluciones
Authors: Barrientos Raúl
Published: March 2020

La investigación gira alrededor, y explica en breve el objetivo de la investigación. ¿Qué es un problema La investigación científica forma un ciclo que comienza con un problema y termina con la solución al problema, La definición del problema se convierte en el tema central en el cual toda la de investigación? Es una situación que ocasiona al investigador sentirse aprehensivo, confundido y a veces hasta enfermo. Es la demarcación del problema dentro de cierto contexto incluyendo el quien o que, el donde, y el porqué de la situación del problema. Existen muchas circunstancias de las cuales surgen las investigaciones. Tres fuentes contribuyen a la identificación del problema. Las propias experiencias o de otros; en segundo lugar podría ser la investigación científica. Podríamos leer alguna literatura y observar que ciertas áreas no fueron cubiertas. Esto podría llevar a una investigación del problema. En tercer lugar las teorías, deficiencias en ellas pueden ser investigadas.
Modelo de exploración quirúrgica temprana en sepsis posterior a cesárea
Authors: Amaya Galindo Alex Benjamín
Published: March 2020

El estudio es de tipo descriptivo-retrospectivo cuyo objetivo principal, el de evaluar la aplicación del modelo de exploración quirúrgica temprana en sepsis posterior a cesárea en el Hospital Nacional Zacamil (HNZ) en el periodo 2002-2003. Encontrándose que durante el periodo de estudio se realizaron 1,928 cesáreas de las cuales 54 presentaron proceso infeccioso posterior a cirugía. El 95% de las cesáreas realizadas en el HNZ eran embarazos de termino y entre las principales indicaciones se encontró sufrimiento to fetal agudo y desproporción céfalo pélvica Entre los factores predisponentes a infección (cesáreas efectuadas en el HNZ se encontró que apenas el 9% de pacientes con duración de trabajo de parto mayor de 12 horas, el 11% de pacientes con ?nos de 6 tactos vaginales intraparto, el 4% de pacientes con ruptura prematura de membranas ovulares, ci 7% de las cesáreas tuvo un tiempo quirúrgico mayor de 60 minutos y el 28% tenía anemia materna previa cesárea. El síntoma/signo principal de infección fue fiebre. El 25% eran mujeres adolescentes, el 83% primigestas, se apnea' el modelo propuesto en el 98% de los casos, la patología más frecuente detectada es d absceso subaponeurotico (43%). No se presentaron complicaciones posteriores.
El Perímetro braquial como indicador del estado nutricional al frente a los indicadores peso/edad, talla/edad, peso/talla, en pre-escolares de la consulta externa de pediatría del Hospital Nacional Zacamil
Authors: Barahona de Figueroa Jeannette
Published: March 2020

En El Salvador una parte importante de los niños padecen desnutrición, que en sus formas severa y en Ia edad pre-escolar, repercute en su crecimiento y desarrollo. En esta edad, los aumentos de peso y talla disminuyen en forma gradual, sin embargo, los incrementos del área muscular del brazo son moderados pero ininterrumpidos de los 18 a los 69 meses, por lo que el perímetro braquial es un indicador sensible, y específico en la detección de cambios nutricionales en la cornposicion corporal en pre-escolares. El objetivo fue establecer el grado de sensibilidad y especificidad del perímetro braquial coma indicador de masa corporal, frente a las medidas Peso/Edad, Talla/Edad y Peso/Talla. En este estudio descriptivo, transversal, correlacional se midieron 100 niños de 72 a 48 meses de edad, en forma aleatoria simple en Consulta Externa Hospital Nacional Zacarnil, considerando como Variables de estudio: Peso, Talla, Perímetro braquial, Sera, Edad. Las técnicas de medición antropométrica según propone la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) son: Parámetro antropométrico de referencia: Score Z. Se utilizó el programa de análisis estadístico Epi-Info 2002; calculándose sensibilidad y especificidad del perímetro braquial frente indicadores peso/edad, talla/edad y peso/talla, coeficiente de correlación. Se encontró que el 83% de los niños eran eutróficos según la puntuacifin Z del perímetro braquial y un 17% presento algún grado de desnutrición. La especificidad del perímetro braquial fue: 95%, 95,7% y 86,9% al relacionarlo con peso/edad, peso talla y talla/edad respectivamente. La sensibilidad del perímetro braquial: 42%, 33% y 12.5%. Erg eutróficos el coeficiente de correlación: perímetro braquial/peso: 0.72. Perímetro braquial/Talla fue de 0.41.y frente a Peso/talla fue de 0.65.Err malnutridos el coeficiente de correlación: Perímetro braquial/peso: 0.4.Pertmetro braquial /Tala/fue de —0.2.Palabras
Editorial
Authors: Vigil Carlos H
Published: March 2020

de investigación, no sólo de la propia realidad nacional, sino de la búsqueda de soluciones para resolver nuestras necesidades en el campo económico, en el de la producción y comercialización de nuestros productos, en el de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación y ya no digamos en el de los problemas sociales, asociados con la salud, vivienda y educación.
Para nadie es un secreto el enorme rezago que en materia de investigación científica y tecnológica arrastramos, inclusive en la transferencia, apropiación y adaptación de los resultados de lo que, en países del primer mundo, se está constantemente logrando y que como todos sabemos, constituye una de las claves para el desarrollo de los países asiáticos, tomando en cuenta que no tenemos la capacidad de realizar verdadera investigación científica.
The Determinant of Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Organization: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Aryani Rita , Widodo Widodo
Published: March 2020

This research was conducted to find a conceptual framework of organizational culture that can be relied upon to build and develop organizations. Research methods use a literature review by relying on data sourced from various relevant literature, both books, and journals. The data were analyzed by critical analysis. The results of the study found a conceptual framework of organizational culture mediating the effect of transformational leadership and organizational communication media on motivation, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, engagement, job involvement, innovation, OCB, productivity and performance. This conceptual framework can be utilized by academics, researchers and practitioners in the future as an effort to build and develop highly competitive organizations.
Approach to the Patient With Failed Hip Arthroscopy for Labral Tears and Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Makhni Eric C. , Ramkumar Prem N. , Cvetanovich Gregory , Nho Shane J.
Published: March 2020

There has been an exponential increase in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with femoroacetabular impingement, leading to a rise in the number of hip arthroscopies done annually. Despite reliable pain relief and functional improvements after hip arthroscopy in properly indicated patients, and due to these increased numbers, there is a growing number of patients who have persistent pain after surgery. The etiology of these continued symptoms is multifactorial, and clinicians must have a fundamental understanding of these causes to properly diagnose and manage these patients. Factors contributing to failure after surgery include those related to the patient, the surgeon, and the postoperative physical therapy. This review highlights common causes of failure, including those related to residual bony deformity as well as capsular deficiency, and provides a framework for diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
An Evaluation of Risk Factors for Patient “No Shows” at an Urban Joint Arthroplasty Clinic
Authors: Curry Emily J. , Tybor David J. , Jonas Nicholas , Pevear Mary E. , Mason Andrew , Cipriani Lauren J. , Smith Eric L.
Published: March 2020

Background:

Patient physical health and provider financial health are both affected when patients are unable to attend scheduled clinic appointments. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for patients missing appointments to better target interventions to improve appointment attendance.

Methods:

We reviewed scheduled arthroplasty appointments at an urban academic orthopaedic clinic over a 3-year period. We collected information including sex, race, distance to clinic, language, insurance, median income of home zip code, appointment day, time, precipitation, and temperature. Mixed-level multiple logistic regression was used to model the odds of missing appointments in Stata v14.

Results:

Overall, 8,185 visits for 3,081 unique patients were reviewed and 90.7% of appointments were attended. After controlling for time and day of appointment, distance from the clinic, and the primary language spoken, patients with government insurance were two times as likely to miss an appointment compared with privately insured patients. White patients were two times as likely to attend scheduled appointments compared with black/Hispanic patients. Younger patients (<50 years) and older patients (>73 years) were 2.7 times and 1.8 times, respectively, more likely to miss appointments compared with those aged between 65 and 72 years. Appointments on the most temperate days were more likely to be missed, and those on the coldest days (14°F to 36°F) and warmest days (69°F to 89°F) were less likely to be missed.

Discussion:

Appointment no shows are associated with sociodemographic and environmental factors. This information is valuable to help better delineate novel ways to better serve these patient populations.
Draw Me a Shepherd: Student-teachers' Perceptions and Metaphors on the Image of the "Leader-teacher"
Authors: Nissim Yonit
Published: March 2020

The current research examined how students participating in professional training in education and teaching characterized the concept of the "teacher leader". Layered analysis was employed using quantitative data alongside a qualitative examination of metaphorical representations indicating deeper unconscious perceptions.

The significance of the investigation lies in revealing the meaning given in the student-teachers' reflective worldview to their future role as teachers and educational leaders. Participants were one hundred twenty-five undergraduate students studying in various stages of their B.Ed. courses in education and teaching at a teacher education college in Israel.

The research process identified four key indices, describing the main qualities required for the teacher leader: Personal Relations, Student Empowerment, Personality Traits, and Functional Traits. Key findings indicated that, according to the students' opinions, Personal Attitude received the highest score of the four examined indices. Thus, from the perspective of these future teachers, a clear association was created between Personal Relations and Personality Traits, as the most significant dominant traits in the concept of the "teacher leader".
The Effects of Service Quality on Satisfaction and Purchase Intention in Mobile Commerce
Authors: Mohd Paiz Nur Ain , Hareeza Ali Mass , Rashid Abdullah Abdul , Dato Mansor Zuraina
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of service quality on the relationship between mobile shoppers’ satisfaction and purchase intention towards mobile commerce. The survey method was conducted with a structured questionnaire that was distributed to 385 mobile users in Malaysia which tested against a proposed model using partial least square structural equation modelling. The result confirms service quality affects mobile shoppers’ satisfaction and purchase intention directly. Furthermore, the result also affirms that mobile shoppers’ satisfaction mediates the relationship between service quality and purchase intention. This study will assist the mobile commerce industry to understand mobile shoppers’ behaviour in Malaysia.
Organizational and Corporate Identity on Social Media: A Literature Review
Authors: Di Lauro Stefano , Tursunbayeva Aizhan , Antonelli Gilda , Martinez Marcello
Published: March 2020

Social media have created a multitude of ways for organizations to develop and disseminate their corporate and organizational identity. However, little is still known about how identity can be observed on social media. To address this research gap, we conducted a scoping review that collected, analyzed and synthesized the corpus of published research on organizational and corporate identity and social media. The analysis presented in this paper provides a description of the state-of-the-art on this topic that we hope can help future scholars to understand the various methodological approaches and types of data most pertinent to the exploration of organizational and corporate identity on social media, even though, overall, it reveals that there are relatively few studies with a reliable and universal method for measuring these concepts. This guarantees that future research will be necessary. Practitioners may also wish to draw on our findings to design more tailored ways of strengthening their organizational and corporate identity.
On Ideology and Art Creation: Vienna vs. Hong Kong
Authors: Law Shui Ki
Published: March 2020

A student essay for the Special Student Issue of the Journal of Extreme Anthropology accompanying the art exhibition 'Artist's Waste, Wasted Artists', which opened in Vienna on the 19th of September 2017 and was curated by the students of social anthropology at the University of Vienna. This essay considers the difference between the art worlds in Vienna and Hong Kong, focusing in particular on the differing ideologies of creation and structural limitations, utilizing the work on ideology by Louis Althusser. The essay is also based on interviews with the Viennese artist Klaus Peter Scheuringer.
On Regimes of Value in the Art World and the Art of Bernhard Rappold
Authors: Bene Elisabeth Maria
Published: March 2020

A student essay for the Special Student Issue of the Journal of Extreme Anthropology accompanying the art exhibition 'Artist's Waste, Wasted Artists', which opened in Vienna on the 19th of September 2017 and was curated by the students of social anthropology at the University of Vienna. This essay focuses on multiple source of value creation in the artworld, while using material from interviews with the Viennese artist Bernhard Rappold.
Artist's Gaze and Zero Waste: Materiality and Value
Authors: Scheuchenegger Marlies
Published: March 2020

A student essay for the Special Student Issue of the Journal of Extreme Anthropology accompanying the art exhibition 'Artist's Waste, Wasted Artists', which opened in Vienna on the 19th of September 2017 and was curated by the students of social anthropology at the University of Vienna. This essay deals with the question of zero waste and value of art, using the example of art by Leo Schatzl.
Vital signs: Innovations in self-tracking health insurance and social change
Authors: Krüger Steffen , Ní Bhroin Niahmh
Published: March 2020

Insurance companies are increasingly harnessing self-tracking data to innovate and create new health and life insurance schemes. These schemes are often hailed as social innovations, and a major growth opportunity for the industry. Clients are invited to track and measure their health behaviour, fitness habits and vital functions. The data produced is submitted directly to the insurer and used for risk assessment. Good health and behaviour are rewarded; while poor health and behaviour relegate the insured to a lower ‘health status’. We undertake a discourse analysis of published materials relating to these innovations to identify the cultural and social changes they introduce. We review four categories of publications identified through a focused literature review. These include (a) marketing and PR material (n=41) (b) journalistic articles (n=37), (c) industry publications (n=14), and (d) academic articles (n=25). Based on our analysis, we argue that these innovations introduce a significant imbalance of power between insurance corporations and consumers. Insurance corporations can select their clients, intervene in their behaviour and determine their value. Furthermore, these innovations threaten to change and erode conceptions of solidarity and fairness that underpin collective insurance schemes.
Variations of Lys Glacier (Monte Rosa Massif, Italy) from the Little Ice Age to the Present from Historical and Remote Sensing Datasets
Authors: Davide Fugazza , Antonella Senese , Roberto Sergio Azzoni , Carlo D’Agata , Daniele Cat Berro , Luca Mercalli , Fabiano Ventura , Claudio Smiraglia , Guglielmina Adele Diolaiuti
Published: March 2020

Alpine glaciers respond to climate imbalance by adjusting their mass and length. In turn, these changes modify the glacial and periglacial environment, leading to increased supraglacial debris cover, the development of glacial lakes and glacier fragmentation. In this research, we investigated the evolution of Lys Glacier (Monte Rosa Group), by studying length, area and volume changes, and evolution of its supraglacial debris cover and proglacial lakes by means of historical sources and high-resolution aerial and satellite orthophotos. Lys Glacier retreated almost continuously, by nearly 2 km, from its maximum Little Ice Age position. More recently, the glacier lost 11.91% of its area between 1975 and 2014 and underwent fragmentation in 2009. Over the same period, glacier fragmentation and tongue stagnation affected the formation and rapid growth of a series of ice-contact lakes and led to a non-linear debris cover evolution. The glacier was also subjected to strong volume losses, with more than 135 m thinning on the ablation tongue from 1991 to 2014. Analysis of the meteorological records (1927–present) from the closest weather station reveals a considerable increase in average annual temperatures by more than 1°C from the mean of 1971–1989 to the mean of 1990–2017.
Self-Management of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Adolescents
Authors: Rowe Katherine , Apple Amanda , McDonald Fiona
Published: March 2020

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) or myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a condition of unknown aetiology that commonly follows an infection. There are no known predictors for recovery or established treatments. At the Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH) in Melbourne, Australia, the majority of young people with CFS are provided with symptom management and lifestyle guidance in an outpatient setting. However, for some, educational or social issues preclude progress and for those who request this assistance, since 2012, the Victorian Paediatric Rehabilitation Service has offered an Intensive Self-Management Program. For this program, participants engage in both group and individual sessions, attending 3 days per week for 4 weeks in small groups of 3–4. Interdisciplinary input is from Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Education and Psychology to assist with goal setting and strategies. Outcome measures are obtained at initial assessment, 6 weeks and 6 months post-program. Support is offered for 12 months post-program. For both the outpatient program and the intensive program the outcomes and feedback from patient and family has influenced the approach and focus. This chapter outlines the current approach and how it has evolved over time.
Penalties for Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act Violations Involving Obstetrical Emergencies
Authors: Terp Sophie , Wang Brandon , Burner Elizabeth , Arora Sanjay , Menchine Michael
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) was intended to prevent inadequate, delayed, or denied treatment of emergent conditions by emergency departments (ED). While controversies exist regarding the scope of the law, there is no question that EMTALA applies to active labor, a key tenet of the statute and the only medical condition – labor – specifically included in the title of the law. In light of rising maternal mortality rates in the United States, further exploration into the state of emergency obstetrical (OB) care is warranted. Understanding civil monetary penalty settlements levied by the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) related to EMTALA violations involving labor and other OB emergencies will help to inform the current state of access to and quality of OB emergency care.

Methods: We reviewed descriptions of all EMTALA-related OIG civil monetary penalty settlements from 2002-2018. OB-related cases were identified using keywords in settlement descriptions. We described characteristics of settlements including the nature of the allegation and compared them with non-OB settlements.

Results: Of 232 EMTALA-related OIG settlements during the study period, 39 (17%) involved active labor and other OB emergencies. Between 2002 and 2018 the proportion of settlements involving OB emergencies increased from 17% to 40%. Seven (18%) of these settlements involved a pregnant minor. Most OB cases involved failure to provide screening exam (82%) and/or stabilizing treatment (51%). Failure to arrange appropriate transfer was more common for OB (36%) compared with non-OB settlements (21%) (p = 0.041). Fifteen (38%) involved a provider specifically directing a pregnant woman to proceed to another hospital, typically by private vehicle.

Conclusion: Despite inclusion of the term “labor” in the law’s title, one in six settlements related to EMTALA violations involved OB emergencies. One in five settlements involved a pregnant minor, indicating that providers may benefit from education regarding obligations to evaluate and stabilize minors absent parental consent. Failure to arrange appropriate transfer was more common among OB settlements. Findings suggesting need for providers to understand EMTALA-specific requirements for appropriate transfer and for EDs at hospitals without dedicated OB services to implement policies for evaluation of active labor and protocols for transfer when indicated.
A interferência da modulação da voz do docente na aprendizagem de universitários cegos
Authors: Prado Carolina Conceição , Feitoza Teresa Ferreira
Published: March 2020

O docente utiliza a fala para a transmissão do conhecimento aos seus alunos, em especial aos alunos cegos, ajudando-os a superar suas limitações. Este trabalho analisou, sob o ponto de vista dos deficientes visuais, como a modulação da voz do docente interfere no aprendizado, interesse e motivação ao longo do curso de graduação. Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa com a utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas em 11 estudantes cegos regularmente matriculados no ensino superior em diversas áreas do conhecimento, de ambos os sexos. Os resultados mostraram que os cegos percebem na modulação da voz do docente sua empatia e quando os mesmos sabem ou não como proceder de forma adaptada à deficiência. Há a necessidade de materiais adaptados, mobilidade adequada e professores capacitados para melhorar o ensino para cegos. Foi percebido que a variação no timbre, altura e frequência da fala do professor pode motivar ou desmotivar o aluno cego. Concluiu-se que a modulação de voz do docente serve como um intermédio entre o cego e o conhecimento efetivo e eficiente.
La alianza educativa escuela/familia y los grupos de chat de padres: una mirada a la situación italiana
Authors: Gigli Alessandra , Demozzi Silvia , Pina Castillo María
Published: March 2020

La llamada a la colaboración entre escuela y familia es una constante de muchos centros educativos, sin embargo, raramente se define su significado y no siempre las medidas de apoyo pragmático son adecuadas, registrándose desde ambas partes situaciones problemáticas de des-alianza. En esta contribución se analizan las coordenadas de la alianza educativa destacando los últimos avances y prefigurando escenarios de resolución desde un punto de vista teórico y metodológico. En particular, se aborda una temática que se presenta cada vez con más fuerza en las dinámicas entre familias y centros educativos: se trata del uso por parte de los progenitores de las nuevas tecnologías de comunicación. Estas nuevas formas de relación, aunque tienen aspectos positivos, se caracterizan por una comunicación poco filtrada, muy inmediata y, a menudo, emocional, repercutiendo a la relación educativa, generando más problemas y haciendo urgente algún tipo de proyecto-acción por parte de las instituciones educativas.

The call for collaboration between the school and the family is a constant of many educational centers, however, its meaning is rarely defined and not always the measures adopted to support it at the pragmatic level are adequate, registering from both sides problematic situations of des-alliance. In this contribution, the coordinates of the educational alliance are analyzed, highlighting the latest advances and prefiguring resolution scenarios from a theoretical and methodological point of view. In particular, the most adressed topic that appears with more and more force in the dynamics between families and educational and school services: The use of the progenitors of new communication technologies. These new forms of relationship, although they have positive aspects, are characterized by a communication little filtered, very immediate and, often, emotional, having an impact on the educational relationship, generating more problems and urging the need for a type of project-action from the educational institutions.
Escuelas familiares. Una experiencia favorecedora para el desarrollo humano
Authors: Rodríguez Triana Zulema Elisa , Suárez Ortiz Jazmín Lorena
Published: March 2020

La familia y la escuela son contextos de desarrollo para niños y niñas y, aunque comparten intencionalidades de formación, parecen caminar por senderos diferentes. Las escuelas familiares orientadas desde un enfoque de las capacidades y la corresponsabilidad sobre la base de los niños y niñas como titulares de derechos y actuadas mediante alternativas de formación y del fortalecimiento de la participación de la familia en la escuela son, desde la experiencia que deriva esta reflexión, una estrategia socioeducativa que favorece el desarrollo humano de los actores. Se asume una práctica investigativa construida a partir de la Investigación Acción Participante (IAP) en Manizales, Colombia con el acompañamiento de la Universidad de Caldas.

Family and school are developmental contexts for boys and girls and, although they share training intentions, they seem to walk different paths. Family schools oriented from a capacities and co-responsibility approach based on children as holders of rights and acted on through training alternatives and strengthening family participation in school are, from the experience that derived this reflection, a socio-educational strategy that favors the human development of the actors. A research practice built from Participatory Action Research (PAR) is held in Manizales, Colombia with the support of the University of Caldas.
Estudio sobre la comunicación de las familias migrantes con el centro escolar
Authors: Habib Allah Mohamed Chamseddine
Published: March 2020

Es sobradamente conocido que la participación de las familias en la escuela nunca ha alcanzado las expectativas deseadas por la comunidad educativa, pero si hablamos de los progenitores migrantes nos confronta a una cuestión más compleja que la anterior. Por ello, el artículo persigue conocer el grado de participación y contribución de las familias migrantes, así como las actuaciones del profesorado, para fomentar el conocimiento e implicación de los padres en la vida escolar en los centros de educación infantil y primaria de atención preferente de la Región de Murcia. En tal sentido, se realizó una investigación cuantitativa no experimental de corte descriptivo e inferencial, empleando dos cuestionarios, en el que, han participado un total de 823 familias y 150 docentes. Los resultados arrojan niveles muy bajos de participación de los progenitores en el Consejo Escolar, y en la asociación de madres y padres (AMPA). No obstante, se detectan mejoras significativas en cuanto a una mayor contribución de los progenitores como supervisar y controlar las tareas escolares, apoyarles en la organización del tiempo de estudio e informarse sobre la asistencia regular de los hijos e hijas a clase.

It is well known that families’ participation at school has never reached the expectations desired by the educational community, but if we talk about migrant parents, we are confronted with a more complex issue than the previous one. For this reason, this article seeks to know participation and contribution degree of migrant families, as well as, teachers’ behaviour to promote parents’ knowledge and involvement at school life in early childhood and elementary schools of preferential attention in Región de Murcia. In this sense, a non-experimental quantitative research of a descriptive and inferential nature was carried out, using two questionnaires, in which a total of 823 families and 150 teachers participated. The results show very low levels of parental participation at School Council and AMPA (School Association of Parents). However significant improvements have been detected in terms of a greater contribution from parents, such as supervising and controlling schoolwork, supporting them in organizing study time, and informing about their children’s regular attendance at school.

Key Words:

Participation, contribution, communication, migrant families, faculty, school.
Methodology of social science research, the case of the sociology of action in relation to values
Authors: Lahmami Hind
Published: March 2020

La investigación en las ciencias sociales sigue creciendo en el mundo académico, especialmente por parte de los estudiantes de Master y Doctorado a quienes se les pide redactar monografías y tesis que deban cumplir con los requisitos metodológicos. El propósito de este artículo es arrojar luz sobre la metodología de investigación en ciencias sociales, poner de relieve la investigación en sociología de la acción desde un enfoque psicosociológico y resaltar los obstáculos que dificultan su uso, especialmente cuando Se trata de valores. Por ello, se propone una explicación detallada de las etapas de investigación en las ciencias sociales, así como las dificultades relacionadas con la naturaleza del campo disciplinario sociológico para definir la posición objetiva que debe adoptar el investigador. Por lo tanto, se requiere distanciarse de los temas de estudio, especialmente cuando se trata de valores.

Social science research continues to grow in the academic world, especially for master's students and doctoral students who are called upon to produce dissertations and theses that meet the methodological requirement. The purpose of this article is to shed light on social science research methodology and on research in the sociology of action as a psychosociological approach and the obstacles that hinder its use, especially when it is about values. To this end, a detailed explanation of the stages of research in the social sciences as well as the difficulties related to the nature of the sociological disciplinary field are put forward, in order to define the objective posture that the researcher must adopt. Distancing from the subjects of study is therefore required especially when it comes to values.
The single-cell eQTLGen consortium
Authors: van der Wijst MGP , de Vries DH , Groot HE , Trynka G , Hon CC , Bonder MJ , Stegle O , Nawijn MC , Idaghdour Y , van der Harst P , Ye CJ , Powell J , Theis FJ , Mahfouz A , Heinig M , Franke L
Published: March 2020

In recent years, functional genomics approaches combining genetic information with bulk RNA-sequencing data have identified the downstream expression effects of disease-associated genetic risk factors through so-called expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis. Single-cell RNA-sequencing creates enormous opportunities for mapping eQTLs across different cell types and in dynamic processes, many of which are obscured when using bulk methods. Rapid increase in throughput and reduction in cost per cell now allow this technology to be applied to large-scale population genetics studies. To fully leverage these emerging data resources, we have founded the single-cell eQTLGen consortium (sc-eQTLGen), aimed at pinpointing the cellular contexts in which disease-causing genetic variants affect gene expression. Here, we outline the goals, approach and potential utility of the sc-eQTLGen consortium. We also provide a set of study design considerations for future single-cell eQTL studies.
Flexible linkers in CaMKII control the balance between activating and inhibitory autophosphorylation
Authors: Bhattacharyya Moitrayee , Lee Young Kwang , Muratcioglu Serena , Qiu Baiyu , Nyayapati Priya , Schulman Howard , Groves Jay T , Kuriyan John
Published: March 2020

The many variants of human Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) differ in the lengths and sequences of disordered linkers connecting the kinase domains to the oligomeric hubs of the holoenzyme. CaMKII activity depends on the balance between activating and inhibitory autophosphorylation (on Thr 286 and Thr 305/306, respectively, in the human α isoform). Variation in the linkers could alter transphosphorylation rates within a holoenzyme and the balance of autophosphorylation outcomes. We show, using mammalian cell expression and a single-molecule assay, that the balance of autophosphorylation is flipped between CaMKII variants with longer and shorter linkers. For the principal isoforms in the brain, CaMKII-α, with a ~30 residue linker, readily acquires activating autophosphorylation, while CaMKII-β, with a ~200 residue linker, is biased towards inhibitory autophosphorylation. Our results show how the responsiveness of CaMKII holoenzymes to calcium signals can be tuned by varying the relative levels of isoforms with long and short linkers.
Biocontrol of chocolate spot disease (Botrytis cinerea) in faba bean using endophytic actinomycetesStreptomyces: a field study to compare application techniques
Authors: El-Shatoury Sahar A. , Ameen Fuad , Moussa Heba , Abdul Wahid Omar , Dewedar Ahmed , AlNadhari Saleh
Published: March 2020

Sustainable agriculture is needing economic applications for disease control. One possibility is offered by local medical plants. Endophytes of medical plants, such as actinomycetesStreptomycessp. have previously shown antagonistic activities against fungal phytopathogens. In the present field experiment, we aimed to verify the efficiency of endophytic Streptomycesagainst one of the common pathogens,Botrytis cinerea, causing chocolate spot disease for faba bean (Vicia fabaeL.). We tested two strains ofStreptomyces(MG788011,MG788012) and three techniques to apply the biocontrol agent: (1) coating the seeds with spores, (2) spraying mycelia and (3) spraying the crude metabolites over the plants. The technique using the crude metabolites was the most efficient to prevent the disease symptoms. Both of the endophytic strains diminished the disease symptoms and improved the plant growth. The study offers a potential biological control technique to prevent chocolate spot disease and, at the same time, increase the yields of faba bean in sustainable agriculture.
Expansion of the genetic landscape of ERLIN2‐related disorders
Authors: Srivastava Siddharth , D’Amore Angelica , Cohen Julie S. , Swanson Lindsay C. , Ricca Ivana , Pini Antonella , Fatemi Ali , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari Darius , Santorelli Filippo M.
Published: March 2020

ERLIN2‐related disorders are rare conditions of the motor system and clinical details are limited to a small number of prior descriptions. We here presented clinical and genetic details in five individuals (four different families) where three subjects carried a common homozygous p.Asn292ArgfsX26, associated also with sensorineural hearing loss in one child. One further subject had a de novo p.Gln63Lys and one harbors the homozygous p.Val136Gly because of maternal isodisomy of chromosome 8. Overall, we expanded the clinical and genetic spectrum of ERLIN2‐related disorders and we reiterate that autosomal‐dominant transmission is a potential mode of inheritance. Future research will elucidate disease mechanisms.
Ultrahigh Discharge Efficiency and High Energy Density in Sandwich Structure K0.5Na0.5NbO3 Nanofibers/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composites
Authors: Lin Ying , Sun Chuang , Zhan Shili , Zhang Yongjing , Yuan Qibin
Published: March 2020

The high discharge energy density and excellent discharge efficiency are important indicators for measuring the performance of the capacitor. This work systematically studies the sandwich structure ceramic/polymer composites in which the original poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is used as the outer layer, and the one‐dimensional K0.5Na0.5NbO3 nanofibers and PVDF composites are used as the intermediate layer. The experimental results show that the energy storage performance of the composite films can be effectively improved by rationally designing and optimizing the filler content. The finite element simulation verifies that the sandwich structure composites mainly reduce the electric field strength of the intermediate layer by adding ceramic fibers, which hinder the growth of the electric trees. In addition, reasonable filler content and optimized structural design can significantly reduce the electrical conductivity, thereby achieving excellent discharge efficiency. In the optimized sandwich structure composites, the high energy density of 14.2 J cm−3 and excellent discharge efficiency (η = 78.5%) are achieved when the breakdown strength is 420 MV m−1. This unique sandwich structure design and high aspect ratio achieve high discharge efficiency and energy storage density provide a reference for next‐generation dielectric materials.
Micro Organic Light Emitting Diode Arrays by Patterned Growth on Structured Polypyrrole
Authors: Li Jianping , Hu Yun , Liang Xianhu , Chen Jianmei , Zhong Liubiao , Liao Liangsheng , Jiang Lin , Fuchs Harald , Wang Wenchong , Wang Yandong , Chi Lifeng
Published: March 2020

Patterning organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with several micrometers resolution is of importance in applications such as micro displays, virtual and augmented reality devices. Here a fabrication method of micro OLEDs is reported, using conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy) as nucleation layer. The photolithographically patterned PPy films are used for patterned growth of hole transport layer to locally confine carrier injection. High‐resolution red, green, and blue micro OLED arrays are demonstrated. The green micro OLEDs with stacked structure of Al/Alq3/NPB/PPy/ITO exhibit a maximum current efficiency of 3.41 cd A−1, which is 80% in comparison to those devices on indium tin oxide glass.
Near‐Infrared Chemiluminescent Carbon Nanodots and Their Application in Reactive Oxygen Species Bioimaging
Authors: Shen Cheng‐Long , Lou Qing , Zang Jin‐Hao , Liu Kai‐Kai , Qu Song‐Nan , Dong Lin , Shan Chong‐Xin
Published: March 2020

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in the body and related to many pathophysiological processes. Hence, detection of ROS is indispensable in understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of many diseases. Here, near‐infrared (NIR) chemiluminescent (CL) carbon nanodots (CDs) are fabricated for the first time and their CL quantum yield can reach 9.98 × 10−3 einstein mol−1, which is the highest value ever reported for CDs until now. Nanointegration of NIR CDs and peroxalate (P‐CDs) through the bridging effect of amphiphilic triblock copolymer can serve as turn‐on probes for the detection and imaging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Considering high efficiency and large penetration depth of NIR photons, the P‐CDs are employed in bioimaging H2O2 in vitro and in vivo, and the detection limit can reach 5 × 10−9 m, among the best reported of CDs‐based sensors. Moreover, imaging of inflammatory H2O2 in a mouse model of peritonitis is achieved by employing the P‐CDs as sensors. The results may provide a clue for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammation or cancers employing CL CDs as sensors.
Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution by a Thermocatalytic Process Cascaded Electrocatalysis Over Sulfur‐Treated Fe‐Based Metal–Organic‐Frameworks
Authors: Feng Kun , Zhang Duo , Liu Fangfang , Li Hui , Xu Jiabin , Xia Yujian , Li Youyong , Lin Haiping , Wang Shuao , Shao Mingwang , Kang Zhenhui , Zhong Jun
Published: March 2020

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a bottleneck process for water splitting and finding highly efficient, durable, low‐cost, and earth‐abundant electrocatalysts is still a major challenge. Here a sulfur‐treated Fe‐based metal–organic‐framework is reported as a promising electrocatalyst for the OER, which shows a low overpotential of 218 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and exhibits a very low Tafel slope of 36.2 mV dec−1 at room temperature. It can work on high current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials of 298 and 330 mV, respectively, by keeping 97% of its initial activity after 100 h. Notably, it can achieve 1000 mA cm−2 at 296 mV with a good stability at 50 °C, fully fitting the requirements for large‐scale industrial water electrolysis. The high catalytic performance can be attributed to the thermocatalytic processes of H+ capture by –SO3 groups from *OH or *OOH species, which cascades to the electrocatalytic pathway and then significantly reduces the OER overpotentials.