bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dobroczynność względem sierot na ziemiach polskich do 1918 roku
Authors: Domańska Joanna
Published: January 2019

Since the baptism of Poland up to 1918, the social care of orphans was diversified. Until the annexations, the care of parentless children in the Polish territories had been environmental and stemmed from voluntary and charitable actions taken up mostly by the Church. The creation of children wards in hospitals and shelters, and the establishment of children’s households in Warsaw as a result of father G. Baudounin’s initiative, might be considered as prototype actions in the complete institutional care of orphaned children. However, during the time of annexations, the situation of orphans became significantly diversified because it depended on the invaders’ policy and the citizens’ activity. Thus, on the one hand, it was created by the occupying country, on the other, it was shaped by tradition. In the territories of each of the conquerors there were periods of liberalization of law, which rendered it possible, at least to some degree, to follow Polish concepts. These were mostly based on philanthropy, charity religious groups, associations and individuals. It needs to be stated that at the beginning of the 21st century, in all of the partitioned territories, the orphanages were governed by obsolete regulations although tried out in other countries. In each of the annexed parts of Poland, the educational and caring actions stemmed from the acquired legislative system. Under the Austrian occupation it was the commune that had the duty of taking care of the parentless children as it was stated in the act passed on 3rd December 1863. In the Prussian part of Poland, the commune’s duty of taking care of the orphans was stated in the act passed in July 1870. It is worth mentioning that the legislative in Prussia was very similar to the Austrian one. The only difference between them was their effectiveness – it was far more efficient in the Prussian province. Under the Russian invasion the regulations concerning the orphanages were quite different. Since the resolution from 1817, the public care of orphans relied on the good will of the society. It was not until the ruling from 1870 that the city councils of public philanthropy, supervising such institutions, were brought to life. At the turn of the 19th century in Poland, especially among social and educational activists, the problem of children’s care became more popular. The necessity of providing care through social actions based on the law was discerned. During World War I, the problem of orphanhood achieved a new dimension, the so-called war orphanhood. It was not effectively taken care of until the end of the war.
Międzynarodowa naukowo-praktyczna konferencja „Huculszczyzna w otchłani wieków”
Authors: Haratyk Anna
Published: January 2019

Międzynarodowa naukowo-praktyczna konferencja „Huculszczyzna w otchłani wieków”
Sprawozdanie z konferencji Studenckiego Koła Naukowego Historii Kultury i Edukacji „Wykluczenie społeczne wczoraj i dziś”
Authors: Rola Dobrosław
Published: January 2019

Sprawozdanie z konferencji Studenckiego Koła Naukowego Historii Kultury i Edukacji „Wykluczenie społeczne wczoraj i dziś”
Sprawozdanie z VII Zjazdu Pedagogicznego „Teoria a praktyka edukacyjna”, Toruń 20-21 września 2010
Authors: Ratajczak Krzysztof , Marciniak Mateusz
Published: January 2019

Sprawozdanie z VII Zjazdu Pedagogicznego „Teoria a praktyka edukacyjna”, Toruń 20-21 września 2010
Życie codzienne nauczycieli szkół powszechnych w Okręgu Mazurskim w świetle wspomnień i pamiętników (część I)
Authors: Radziszewska Maria
Published: January 2019

The article concerns the problem of public school teachers’ daily lives in the region of Masuria. The analysis has included such components of everyday life as: travel to Warmia and Masuria, the reasons for choosing the profession, education, work areas, work conditions and methods as well as the forms of alimentation in the school. The issue of teachers’ daily lives deserves special attention because of a specific situation of Polish education in Warmia and Masuria in the school years 1944/1945–1945/1946. Teachers were mainly engaged in organizing the basic conditions for functioning of Polish schools in order to promote the Polish language among the youth and children of different nationalities and cultures. Their daily lives were influenced by determining the final border of the District of Masuria, the action of managing this land and the constant risk and problems with the staff, rooms and money. The article does not only discuss teachers’ daily professional lives (Part I) but also their personal lives (Part II). There is certainly a need for broader studies by using a variety of source materials. In order to present the issue, the author has used mainly sources of an autobiographical nature – memories and diaries.
Wschodni model współczesnego wychowania państwowego na przykładzie rosyjskiego korpusu kadetów. Zarys problemu
Authors: Jastrzębski Przemysław
Published: January 2019

The modern model of state education in Russia promotes patriotism and devotion to the authorities. Young people must be proud of their origin and, in spite of deteriorating material conditions, should stay in the country contributing to its development. Cadet Corps Alumni are an example of a patriotic education model. Several years of learning in the military school shapes their beliefs and teaches them complete surrender to authority. Patriotism, combined with the sense of external threat, has become the driving force behind the reconstruction of the Russian superpower. One of the cornerstones of the school is the acceptance of Putin’s Russia by spreading the vision of becoming an international representative of the country. The increase in military spending and functioning of military schools such as the Corps of Cadets give rise to fears that in the future Russia the army will become one of the tools of the superpower on the arena of foreign policy.
Blaski i cienie życia w internatach szkół jezuickich w II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Puchowska Małgorzata
Published: January 2019

Jesuit boarding schools did not fulfil only social roles. They were educational institutions shaping discipline, morality and religiousness of their pupils. The monks organized various activities for their students which were conducive for acquiring and consolidating knowledge. Students’ time was filled with the review of school material, literary exercises, debates or production of theatre performances. The offer depended on the degree of exclusivity of a given establishment. In the Second Republic of Poland, there functioned three Jesuit schools for laymen: in Khyriv (Pol. Chyrów), Vilnius and Gdynia. Only the first two ran boarding schools. Both boarding schools offered very good living conditions, and the life of the alumni passed according to a similar, clearly defined day rhythm. The institutions in busy urban Vilnius and peripheral Khyriv were very much different. The educational process used for the boarding students from Vilnius lacked special rigours, which was different from the methods generally accepted at that time. The behaviours of boarding students from Khyriv, in turn, were regulated in the minutest detail by Statutes and regulations and the system of punishments was very elaborate. The schools tried to restore order by the method of overcoming the resistance of the more independently feeling and thinking pupils.
Influence of Heating on Tensile Physical-Mechanical Properties of Granite
Authors: Fang Xinyu , Xu Jinyu , Liu Shi , Wang Haoyu
Published: January 2019

Heating procedures dramatically influence the physical-mechanical properties of rock. In this paper, via both numerical simulation and laboratory experiments, we examine the influence of constant temperature period (CTP, from 0.5 to 5 h) and predetermined temperature (PDT, from room temperature to 1,000℃) on the tensile mechanical properties of the Qinling granite, China. Results indicate that: CTP has a significant impact on the tensile mechanical properties of granite. For different PDTs, the density, longitudinal wave velocity (LWV) and tensile strength (TS) of granite decrease with increasing CTP. When CTP reaches the constant temperature turning-point (CTT), heating has fully affected the granite samples. The variation in LWV and TS versus temperature can be divided into four stages: 25–200℃, 200–600℃, 600–800℃ and 800–1,000℃. LWV and TS are negatively related to temperature and are more sensitive to temperature at higher PDTs. In addition, TS is more sensitive to temperature than LWV when PDT increases. The effects of CTP and PDT on LWV are similar to that of TS. Since the measurement of LWV is lossless, researchers can safely determine the appropriate CTP or CTT for any PDT and predict the tensile mechanical properties of rock by LWV analysis.
Table of Contents
Authors: Dantas Paulo E.C.
Published: January 2019

Table of Contents
Fragments From the History of the Invention of Bi2Те3 and its First Practical Uses
Authors: Nitsovich O.V. , Serbyn M.V.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents an analysis of information on the research and use of materials on the basis of Bi2Те3, as a thermoelectric material. It was established that Bi2Те3, as a thermoelectric material, was first investigated in 1905, and was practically applied in thermoelectric devices in the 1950s. The main tendencies of the current state of thermoelectric material science are determined.
Photoluminescence of Erbium-Doped Glasses 70 Ga2S3 – 30 La2S3
Authors: Halyan V.V. , Ivashchenko I.A. , Kevshyn A.H. , Olekseyuk I.D. , Tishchenko P.V.
Published: January 2019

Glasses of the composition (70–X) mol.% Ga2S3 - 30 mol.% La2S3 - X Er2S3 (at X = 0, 1, 3) were synthesized  and the optical absorption spectra at room temperature were studied. Photoluminescence spectra in the 2.53 - 0.73eV range at 300 and 80K were investigated. Intense PL maxima at 2.25, 1.88, 1.45, 1.26, 1.13, 0.81 eV were found which correspond to transitions in the f-shell of erbium ions. The redistribution of the intensity of PL peaks with temperature was analyzed based on the energy transition diagram of erbium ions.
Chemical Ordering in Ni66.7 In33.3 Liquid Alloy
Authors: Oliinyk Z.M. , Korolyshyn A.V. , Mudry S.I.
Published: January 2019

Short range order structure of liquid Ni66,7In33,3 alloy has been studied by means of X-ray diffraction method at temperatures 1235; 1260 and 1335 K. Experimental structure factors and radial atomic distribution function are analyzed. It is shown that structure of Ni66,7In33,3 in liquid state reveals chemical ordering, like to Ni2In type structure
Schematic-Topological Modeling of the SOI CMOS Ring Oscillators for Sensor Microsystems on Chip
Authors: Kotyk M.V. , Dovgyi V.V. , Kogut I.T. , Holota V.I.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the results of research of frequency and energy characteristics of ring generators on the basis of  siliconon-isolator of the CMOS transistor structures, depending on their circuit design and constructive and technological implementation, design and modeling of the schemes of the primary transformation of information from integral sensitive elements for sensor microsystems-on-crystal
Crystalloid versus Colloid in Stabilizing Hemodynamic of Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section with Neuraxial Anesthesia A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Xu Shiqin , Zhao Qingsong , Wang Fuzhou , Wu Haibo , Wang Wei , Fu Dongying , Liu Yusheng , Wang Xian , Xia Fan , Feng Shanwu , Shen Xiaofeng
Published: January 2019

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia-associated maternal hypotension in cesarean delivery is the most frequent and troublesome complication poses serious risks to mother and compromises neonatal well-being. The use of intravenous fluid loading as the preventive strategy in this context has been challenged because inconsistent results cause doubt on its real efficacy. We compared hypotension-preventing effect of crystalloid and colloid with different loading regimens given in a volume-escalation manner in neuraxial anesthetized cesarean parturients.
Methods: One thousand parturients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I/II undergoing selective cesarean delivery were screened and 939 were assigned into different fluid loading regimens with a multi-stage randomization. The volume of crystalloid or colloid in each loading regimen was determined by an up-and-down sequential method. Rate of hypotension was recorded as the primary outcome, and the median (EV50) and 90% effective volumes (EV90) of fluids were calculated in epidural and spinal blockades.
Results: A total of 469 subjects were analyzed in the crystalloid group and 470 in the colloid group. The numbers of patients developed clinically significant and severe hypotension are significantly decreased, and the effective volume of colloid required in preventing hypotension in both anesthetized populations is relatively lower than that of crystalloid on the intention-to-treat analyses. There is still an occurrence of hypotension at a rate of about 10%-20% even when the EV90 was reached.
Conclusions: Fluid loading is an effective maneuver in balancing maternal circulation when reaching the effective volume of different neuraxial anesthesia, but prophylactic or therapeutic vasoconstrictors should also be prepared and be given at an appropriate time because a significant proportion of women can still develop hypotension.
Clinical Trial Registration: This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01013090.
The use of nootropics in Alzheimer’s disease: is there light at the end of the tunnel?
Authors: Chiroma Samaila Musa , Taib Che Norma Mat , Moklas Mohamad Aris Mohd , Baharuldin Mohamad Taufik Hidayat , Amom Zulkhairi , Jagadeesan Saravanan
Published: January 2019

Background: The nootropic or simply known as smart drug is a common term given to any compound that is responsible for enhancing mental capability or performance. Alzheimer's disease is characterized clinically by lose of cognitive abilities and pathologically by two hallmark lesions, neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. It is unfortunate that AD has no cure yet. In this review attempt has been made to elucidate the general views on AD pathogenic hypotheses and common nootropics being used in AD research.

Methods: Articles from credible scientific data bases such as Sciencdirect, Scopus Pubmed, and Google scholar were searched and retrieved using keywords nootropics', Alzheimer's disease', amyloid beta hypotheses', tau hypotheses', cholinergic hypotheses', oxidative stress' and cognitive impairments'.

Results: The nootropics act as Ca-channel blockers, AChE inhibitors, glysine antagonists, antioxidants, serotonergic, dopaminergic and glutamic acid receptors antagonists.

Conclusion: Based on the available literature searched, there is no doubts the nootropics are attenuating cognitive deficits in both preclinical and clinical studies on AD.
The principle of non-pharmacologic management of osteoarthritis
Authors: Kurniawan Cok Dalem
Published: January 2019

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common problem in the elderly population and has very significant effect toward the daily activity of the elderly. The incidence and prevalent of OA is expected to increase in the upcoming decade with the doubling of the aging population. The management of OA could be classified into surgical and non-surgical with the latter could be further divided into pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Despite a wide array of publications discussing about surgical and pharmacological intervention of OA, there are still little references about its non-pharmacological intervention. Aim: Thus, the aim of this review is to describe about the non-pharmacological rehabilitative management of OA which is considered as more applicable with less side effect compared to surgical or pharmacological intervention. Conclusion: Hopefully, the information would be helpful in constructing a more comprehensive approach toward OA patient especially in elderly.
Higher RANK ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio results in lower callus diameter and osteocalcin expression on the healing of femur fracture between diabetic and nondiabetic rats using intramedullary wire
Authors: Mahendra I Made Oka , Suyasa I Ketut , Kawiyana Ketut Siki , Dusak I Wayan Suryanto
Published: January 2019

Background: Diabetes with uncontrolled glucose level offer a significant risk of acute or chronic complications. One of the chronic complications is a decrease in bone mineral density which is regulated by RANKL and OPG balance. Diabetes is estimated to slow the healing process of fracture. Both are related to fracture risk and fracture healing process. Fracture healing is characterized by measurement of callus diameter and osteocalcin expression. Aim: This research aimed to find out the difference in RANKL/OPG ratio, callus diameter and osteocalcin expression on the fracture healing in diabetic and nondiabetic rats. Methods: This is an experimental randomized post-test only with 32 Wistar rats. The population was divided into two groups, the control group did not get treatment and the second group was the diabetes modeling. On the 7th day, both groups were examined for their ratio of RANKL/OPG using ELISA and fracture was performed. On the 28th day, the rats were sacrificed, and the effects were assessed using histopathology examination of callus diameter and immunohistochemistry examination of osteocalcin expression at the fracture area. Result: Higher median ratio of RANKL/OPG in diabetic than nondiabetic rats with p = 0,000 (p <0,05). The diameter of callus on the healing of femur fracture in the nondiabetic group was higher than the diabetic group with p = 0,000 (p <0.005). Osteocalcin levels in nondiabetic group were higher than diabetic group with p = 0,000 (p <0.005). There was a negative correlation between RANKL/OPG ratio with callus diameter and osteocalcin level with a correlation coefficient of -0.701 and -0.652 respectively with p = 0,000 (p <0,05). Conclusions: Level of RANKL/OPG ratio has a negative correlation with callus size and osteocalcin expression on healed femur fractures in diabetic rats model.
The relationship between the decrease in Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR) and the increase in amount of coronary artery lesions on coronary heart disease patients in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar-Indonesia
Authors: Putra I Nyoman Triaditya Kresna , Dharma I Kadek Susila , Wibhuti Ida Bagus Rangga
Published: January 2019

Coronary heart disease or coronary artery disease is caused by the atherosclerosis process in the coronary blood vessels. The high number of patients with this condition is significantly due to the influence of modern and all instant lifestyle. Among the factors suspected to be capable of influencing the increase in the number of coronary artery lesions in coronary heart patients is the Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR). This result is related to the high mortality and morbidity of coronary heart patients. Aim: The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between the decrease in glomerulus filtration rate (GFR), the disturbance variables (age, gender, hypertension history, diabetes mellitus history, smoking history) and the increase in the number of coronary artery lesions in Sanglah General Hospital. Methods: This research is an analytical observational design with the cross-sectional design using secondary data from the medical records in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. This study attains 196 sample. Results: A significant relationship is attained between GFR (<60 ml/ minute) and the increase in the total vessel score (p = 0.017) with an OR 2.47 (CI95% 1.014-6.041). Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between risky age (male >45, female >55) and the increase in total vessel score (p = 0.015) with an OR 3.54 (CI 95% 1.217-10.307). Diabetes mellitus and the increase in the total vessel score also shows a significant relationshipÂ  (p = 0.016) with an OR 2.99 (CI 95% 1.189-7.539). While other risk factors such as gender, hypertension, and smoking have an insignificant relationship (p > 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, GFR (<60 ml/ minute) is a predictor of the vessel score (p=0,050) with an adjusted value of OR 1.86 (CI 95% 0.735-4.725). There are some other variables in which are significant predictors of the increase in vessel score. Risky age (male >45, female >55) (p=0,048) with an adjusted OR value of 3.08 (CI 95% 1.012- 9.407) and also diabetes mellitus (p=0.044) with an adjusted OR value of 2.65 (CI 95% 0.145-0.973) are those predictors. Conclusion: Hence, it appears that GFR (<60 ml/ minute), risky age (male >45, female >55) and diabetes mellitus have a significant relationship with the increase in vessel score and are predictors of the increase in vessel score. While gender, hypertension, and smoking do not have significant relationships with the increase in the amount of vessel score.
Pemberian ekstrak etanol Cordyceps militaris dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan menghambat penurunan massa sel beta pankreas pada tikus diabetes mellitus yang diinduksi dengan Streptozotocin dan Nikotinamid
Authors: Wikana Jopy
Published: January 2019

Background: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Cordyceps militaris extracts can neutralize the increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) due to hyperglycemia conditions, as well as neutralize NO produced through inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS). Thus, the antioxidant effects of C. militaris extract are expected to decrease DNA damage and ER stress leading to intrinsic apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. Another positive effect of C. militaris which is expected to suppress glucotoxicity is its hypoglycemic effect.Methods: The design of this study was Randomized Post-test Only Control Group Design. The study was conducted on mice divided into three groups: negative control group (DM + placebo), treatment 1 group and treatment 2 group.Results: Based on study on 15 rats, each 5 rats per group, it was found that the mean blood glucose level in control group was 399,20 Â± 28,07 mg/dl, mean of blood glucose level of treatment 1groupÂ  (extraction 50% ethanol Cordyceps militaris) was 198.60 Â± 30.42 mg/dl, and, the mean blood glucose levels of the treatment 1 groupÂ  (extract ethanol Cordyceps militaris 100%) was 141.00 Â± 17.03 mg/dl. With One Way ANOVA test found that p-value = 0,001. Immunohistochemical examination result shows that beta cell mass is more prominent in either treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 compare to the control group.Conclusions: There were significant differences in blood glucose levels after extracted ethanol Cordyceps militaris. It is further known that ethanol extract of Cordyceps militaris can decrease blood glucose level by 50,25% at 50% concentration and 64,68% at 100% concentration. Immunohistochemical examination result shows that ethanol extract of C. militaris seem could inhibit the decrease of beta cell mass especially at 100% concentration.
Insiden Malaria, penunjang diagnostik, dan hubungannya dengan curah hujan di Kecamatan Golewa Selatan, Ngada, NTT periode Oktober 2014 â€“ April 2016
Authors: Susilowati Stephanie Darda
Published: January 2019

Latar belakang: Malaria masih banyak ditemui. Di Indonesia, terutama bagian timur. NTT menduduki prevalensi ketiga terbanyak di Indonesia setelah Papua Barat dan Papua. Insiden malaria yang berfluktuasi sepanjang tahun diduga berhubungan dengan curah hujan setempat. Perlu uji diagnostik yang akurat untuk mengkonfirmasi adanya parasit dalam darah pada setiap penderita dengan gejala klinis yang bervariasi, terutama di daerah endemis. Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola kasus malaria di kecamatan Golewa Selatan, melihat perbedaan metode diagnostik malaria, dan melihat hubungan curah hujan dan kejadian malaria. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dan studi pre-eksperimental yang diuji dengan chisquare dan uji koreksi lanjutan. Sampel berupa penderita suspek malaria yang dilakukan dua pemeriksaan laboratorium (RDT malaria dan uji sediaan tebal malaria). Sedangkan data observasional diambil dari rekam medik seluruh penderita malaria dan data curah hujan dari BMKG Kupang. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan klinis diare terutama dijumpai pada usia balita, muntah pada usia remaja, dan nyeri punggung pada usia dewasa. Penderita perempuan lebih banyak dibanding pria. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara curah hujan dengan insiden malaria di kecamatan Golewa Selatan selama bulan Januari 2014 hingga April 2016 (p=0,184). Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara hasil uji diagnostik malaria menggunakan RDT malaria dibanding pemeriksaan sediaan tebal (p=0,632). Simpulan: Disarankan meningkatkan kualitas pemeriksaan mikroskopik dan penelitian yang lebih lama untuk melihat lebih jelas korelasi curah hujan dan dikaitkan dengan topografi spesifik daerah setempat.
Surgical Trend in Ewing’s sarcoma: from the Limb Amputation to the Extended Curettage
Authors: Jamshidi Khodamorad , Mirzaei Alireza
Published: January 2019

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Papel da ultrassonografia endoscópica na avaliação da fístula perianal na doença de Crohn.
Authors: Molteni Rafaela de Araujo , Bonin Eduardo Aimoré , Baldin Júnior Antonio , Barreto Renan Arrais Ykeda , Brenner Antonio Sergio , Lopes Tércio Limonge , Volpato Ana Paula Della Justina , Sartor Maria Cristina
Published: January 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar o papel da ultrassonografia endoscópica (UE) em relação à ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) e ao exame sob anestesia (ESA) no manejo de pacientes com doença de Crohn fistulizante perianal. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal com pacientes com doença de Crohn perianal, avaliados em um centro terciário de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, de fevereiro de 2016 a março de 2017. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à UE, RMN e ESA. O grau de concordância entre os três métodos foi avaliado através da obtenção do coeficiente de Kappa. Um valor de Kappa de 0,7 ou maior indicou boa concordância. O teste não paramétrico de Friedman foi utilizado para comparar o número de trajetos fistulosos detectados em cada modalidade. Considerou-se o nível de significância estatística como p<0,05. Resultados: vinte pacientes foram incluídos. Houve concordância entre os três exames em 11 pacientes. O nível de concordância de Kappa entre os três exames foi 0,53 (moderado) (p<0,001). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao número de trajetos fistulosos detectados nos três exames (p=0,641). Houve falha na identificação de um trajeto fistuloso em três pacientes com a UE, em três pacientes com a RMN e em dois pacientes com o ESA. Conclusão: a UE foi comparável à RMN e ao ESA para avaliação da doença de Crohn fistulizante perianal, e pode ser considerada um exame válido para investigação pré-operatória desses pacientes.
Fatores associados a não reconstrução do trânsito intestinal em pacientes com câncer retal submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto e ileostomia de proteção.
Authors: da-Fonseca Leonardo Maciel , Buzatti Kelly Cristine de Lacerda Rodrigues , Castro Luísa Lima , Lacerda Filho Antônio , Correia Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson , da-Silva Rodrigo Gomes
Published: January 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os fatores associados ao não fechamento de ileostomia protetora após ressecção anterior do reto com excisão total do mesorreto por câncer retal, a morbidade associada ao fechamento destas ileostomias e a taxa de estomia permanente em pacientes com adenocarcinoma retal. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de 174 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de tumores retais, dos quais 92 foram submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto com intenção curativa, anastomose coloanal ou colorretal e ileostomia de proteção. Foi realizada análise multivariada visando a determinar os fatores associados à permanência definitiva da estomia, assim como o estudo da morbidade nos que se submeteram à reconstrução do trânsito. Resultados: no período de seguimento de 84 meses, 54 dos 92 pacientes avaliados (58,7%) tiveram a ileostomia fechada e 38 (41,3%) permaneceram com a estomia. Entre os 62 pacientes que tiveram a ileostomia fechada, 11 (17,7%) apresentaram algum tipo de complicação pós-operatória: três com deiscência de anastomose ileal, cinco com obstrução intestinal, dois com infecção de ferida operatória e um com pneumonia. Oito destes pacientes necessitaram de um novo estoma. Conclusão: de acordo com a análise multivariada, os fatores associados à permanência da estomia foram fístula de anastomose, presença de metástases e fechamento da ileostomia durante quimioterapia.
Postharvest quality of Aster ericoides after treatment with silver thiosulphate and sucrose
Authors: Pivetta Kathia Fernandes Lopes , Mattiuz Claudia Fabrino Machado , Melo Regina Ferreira de , Gimenes Renata , Romani Gustavo de Nobrega , Batista Gisele Sales
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT: Aster (Aster ericoides L.) is a flower crop of North American origin, which belongs to the family Asteraceae. This plant presents capitulum-type inflorescences, widely used as cut flowers. In Brazil, it has been grown only recently, but still has a high expansion potential. In floriculture, pulsing and conditioning solutions are often used to extend the vase life of cut flowers. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of silver thiosulphate (STS) pulsing and sucrose solutions on the postharvest life of A. ericoides stems. The experiment was carried out under a complete randomized design with treatments arranged in a 2x5 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of flower stems treated with STS pulsing for 30 minutes, combined with four sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20%) for six hours, plus a control (without treatment). Each plot contained four replicates of 10 stems, totalizing 400 stems. The following variables were daily: vase life, fresh mass, and relative water content (RWC). For pulsing data, means were compared by the Tukey’s test (p≥5%). Yet for sucrose concentrations, means were submitted to a polynomial regression to verify the behavior of variables as a function of concentrations increases. Likewise, each treatment was evaluated for fresh mass and RWC variations over time by a polynomial regression. Results indicated no effect of STS pulsing (2mM) on the vase-life length of aster stems. In contrast, the sucrose solution at 10% extended the vase life of stems by two days, decreased fresh mass loss, and helped maintain water balance in stems.
Relationship between VRTN gene polymorphism and growth, slaughter and meat quality traits in three polish pig breeds
Authors: Polasik Daniel , Tyra Mirosław , Szyndler-Nędza Magdalena , Korpal Agnieszka , Woźniak-Męch Katarzyna , Terman Arkadiusz
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT Earlier studies have shown that insertion/deletion polymorphism (g.20311_20312ins291) in vertnin (VRTN) gene is associated with number of vertebrate in pigs. Because vertebral number determines the size of important meat cuts and influences carcass conformation, the aim of this study was to estimate the relationship between VRTN gene polymorphism and growth, slaughter and pork quality traits including texture parameters. Investigations were carried out on 526 pigs represented three breeds: Polish Landrace, Polish Large White and Puławska. VRTN gene polymorphism was determined by PCR methodology. Association study was performed for each breed separately. It was demonstrated that the analyzed polymorphism had significant influence on several economically important porcine traits. Among growth traits VRTN genotypes were associated with test and lifetime daily gains, number of days on test (p≤0.05) and age of slaughter (p≤0.01, p≤0.05). For carcass parameters, relationships were noticed for carcass yield (p≤0.01), weight of loin and its area, average backfat thickness and weight of primary cuts (p≤0.05). Taking into consideration meat quality, VRTN polymorphism influenced intramuscular fat content, meat colour (yellowness) and pH24 (p≤0.05). For texture parameters, it was correlated with toughness, cohesiveness, chewiness (p≤0.01, p≤0.05) and firmness (p≤0.05) measured in M. longissimus dorsi and M. semimembranosus. Only intramuscular fat content, chewiness of ham, carcass yield and cohesiveness of loin showed unequivocal tendency. In case of the first trait, each breed Wt/Wt genotype was associated with its highest values (p≤0.05), while the second and third traits, Q/Q genotype was correlated with its lowest values (p≤0.01, p≤0.05). Highest loin cohesiveness was observed in animals with Wt/Q genotype (p≤0.01, p≤0.05).
Conceitos básicos de radiômetros de substituição elétrica para medidas da Irradiância Solar Total
Authors: Carlesso Franciele , Gómez Jenny Marcela Rodríguez , Vieira Luis Eduardo Antunes , Savonov Graziela da Silva , Berni Luiz Angelo , Costa Lucas Lopes
Published: January 2019

Resumo A irradiância solar total (TSI) é definida como a energia emitida pelo Sol por unidade de área e recebida pela Terra. Durante muitos anos essa energia foi considerada constante, no entanto, hoje se sabe que há variações em diferentes escalas de tempo. A medição do valor absoluto da TSI precisar ser realizada em ambiente extraterrestre devido à influência da atmosfera na irradiância solar que atinge a superfície da Terra. Sendo a TSI uma variável imprescindível para quantificar a influência solar nas mudanças climáticas da Terra, a obtenção de medidas com a precisão e estabilidade necessária têm se demonstrado um grande desafio tecnológico. Nesse artigo é descrito o princípio de funcionamento e as particularidades dos radiômetros de substituição elétrica utilizados para medir a TSI no espaço.
O sorteio na política: como os minipúblicos vêm transformando a democracia
Authors: Rubião André
Published: January 2019

Este artigo analisa o uso do sorteio na política sob uma perspectiva genealógica e contemporânea. Ele reflete em torno desse mecanismo, pouco conhecido na América Latina, que seleciona cidadãos aleatoriamente para tomar decisões. O artigo expõe como essa ideia surgiu na Grécia antiga, depois foi utilizada na Itália renascentista, até ser rejeitada pelas repúblicas modernas. Ele mostra o resgate do sorteio nos anos 1970, em meio aos debates sobre a crise da representação e à ascensão da democracia deliberativa, trazendo como novidade o uso da amostra representativa, tal como ocorre nos júris de cidadãos, nas células de planificação e nas pesquisas deliberativas. O artigo revela a dinâmica em torno desses minipúblicos e o campo de experimentação que se abriu a partir deles. Analisam-se as críticas que esses mecanismos vêm recebendo, em especial o ceticismo com relação ao saber-cidadão e o fato de eles impossibilitarem a participação espontânea da sociedade. São apresentados exemplos recentes, como o orçamento participativo berlinense e a emenda constitucional irlandesa, que fornecem uma base empírica não somente para se contrapor a esses argumentos, mas para mostrar que o sorteio vem se tornando uma alternativa viável na política.
Reproductive response of Pelibuey sheep to the application of recombinant bovine somatotropin and a metabolic restorative preparation
Authors: Fraire-Cordero Silvia , Rodríguez Paulino Pérez , Pérez-Hernández Ponciano , Cortez-Romero César , Gallegos-Sánchez Jaime
Published: January 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) and of the metabolic restorative preparation Metabolase (MR) on the reestablishment of the post-partum ovarian activity of Pelibuey sheep. Ninety-four ewes, with their respective lambs, were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: T1, continuous suckling (CS); T2, CS + MR; T3, CS + rBST; and T4, CS + MR + rBST. Ovulating percentages, weight changes in ewes and lambs, incidence of estrus, onset and return to estrus, calving, fecundity, and prolificacy were evaluated. The highest ovulation percentages were recorded for CS in T1 and T2, and the lowest ones for rBST in T3 and T4. The treatments had a significant effect on lamb weight. Ewes in T3 had the lowest incidence of estrus (52.9%), besides a greater onset (26.8±1.9 hours) and return to estrus (66.6%). Calving (86.2%) and fecundity (1.8±0.2) were significantly higher in T2. The application of rBST in ewes increases lamb body weight, due to increased milk production, but affects negatively post-partum reproductive activity due to the loss of ewe body weight.
Centralidade de um cosmopolitismo periférico: a “Coleção Grandes Cientistas Sociais” no espaço das ciências sociais brasileiras (1978-1990)
Authors: Rodrigues Lidiane Soares
Published: January 2019

Resumo A investigação a respeito da circulação internacional dos saberes tem mostrado que os países dominados no espaço econômico e político se inclinam à prática importação de bens dos países dominantes também no plano simbólico. Contudo, eles não o fazem, passiva ou aleatoriamente; mas segundo princípios estruturantes de seu próprio mercado cultural interno. Ao adotar esta perspectiva, o presente trabalho tratará da “Coleção Grandes Cientistas Sociais”, publicada pela editora Ática, entre 1978 e 1990, e coordenada pelo sociólogo Florestan Fernandes (1920-1995). O artigo descreverá a coleção, fará uma sociogênese da editora, caracterizará as negociações prévias à escolha de autores para compô-la e, finalmente, situará os agentes envolvidos no espaço das ciências sociais brasileiras, reconfigurado durante a década de 1970.
Pesquisa genética com seres humanos e repartição de benefícios econômicos decorrentes de biopatentes: perspectivas biojurídicas para políticas de saúde pública no Brasil
Authors: Myszczuk Ana , Meirelles Jussara Leal de
Published: January 2019

Resumo Analisa-se a possibilidade de repartição de benefícios econômicos decorrentes de biopatentes advindas de pesquisas genéticas com seres humanos. Parte da pergunta: qual o cenário atual da repartição de benefícios econômicos das biopatentes decorrentes de pesquisas genéticas com seres humanos e as perspectivas para a saúde pública no Brasil? O objetivo principal é delinear um panorama atual sobre o tema, internacionalmente e no Brasil, bem como estabelecer prognóstico das possibilidades para a saúde pública no país. Para tanto, utiliza os procedimentos da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Apresenta experiências de outros países, como possível base para análise de direitos econômicos dos pesquisadores e a manutenção de um sistema sustentável de saúde pública. Nacionalmente, conclui que a Lei de Acesso à Biodiversidade é um caminho possível, uma vez que determina que a repartição de benefícios econômicos ocorra somente em caso de exploração comercial do invento e não com o depósito da biopatente. Como resultado principal, conclui que, em virtude da necessidade da concretização do direito humano ao acesso à saúde, pensar a possibilidade de repartição de benefícios econômicos decorrentes de biopatentes é uma questão de saúde pública e da construção de um sistema público de saúde universal e sustentável.
Redesenhando caminhos na direção da clínica ampliada de saúde bucal
Authors: Fonsêca Graciela Soares , Pires Fabiana Schneider , Junqueira Simone Rennó , Souza Carolina Rogel de , Botazzo Carlos
Published: January 2019

Resumo O trabalho analisa a experiência da clínica ampliada de saúde bucal em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) do município de São Paulo. O estudo é de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo pesquisa-ação, em que cirurgiãs-dentistas e estagiários de odontologia experienciaram a clínica ampliada de saúde bucal, realizando registros sobre suas práticas em diários de pesquisa e construindo, em conjunto com os usuários, projetos terapêuticos singularizados. Foram analisados três diários de pesquisa e 52 casos clínicos e seus respectivos projetos terapêuticos singularizados, elaborados entre os anos de 2014 e 2015. O material foi tratado por análise de conteúdo temática, com as seguintes categorias: procedimentos odontológicos realizados na atenção primária à saúde; referência e contrarreferência; divisão do trabalho; anamnese e satisfação do usuário. A análise indicou que novos processos de trabalho estimulam os usuários a expor suas demandas de saúde e que projetos terapêuticos singularizados são fundamentais para a produção do cuidado, o que gera satisfação e resolubilidade. As principais limitações encontradas foram: pouco apoio da rede especializada, escassez de pessoal auxiliar, não acesso ao prontuário único e dificuldade em ressignificar as narrativas para além dos achados bucais. Torna-se essencial o desenvolvimento de estudos relacionados a novos fazeres em saúde bucal em outras realidades.
Um olhar sociológico sobre o privilégio epistémico da biomedicina: desconstruindo a metanarrativa
Authors: Nogueira Cláudia
Published: January 2019

Resumo Apesar do crescente reconhecimento público da sua incompletude e da necessidade de a fazer dialogar com outros saberes, a biomedicina continua a figurar como metanarrativa, como modelo médico epistemologicamente superior, definidor e regulador do que se entende por “saber médico”. É na persistência dessa representação de superioridade que reside um dos grandes obstáculos - senão mesmo o maior - à criação de uma efetiva ecologia de saberes no campo dos cuidados de saúde. Com base numa revisão da literatura sobre o tema, este artigo toma justamente por objetivo a desconstrução da versão essencialista da superioridade biomédica, evidenciando o modo como essa suposta superioridade é, na verdade, decorrente de um complexo quadro sociocultural de produção histórica. Assim, revisitando a literatura existente, o artigo desenvolve perspectiva condensada em torno dos principais pilares da construção do poder hegemónico da biomedicina no contexto da modernidade ocidental, a saber: (1) a ligação umbilical da biomedicina à ciência moderna e à sua trajetória de colonização; (2) o processo de anatomoclínica e o modo como, por esse processo, a biomedicina se estabeleceu como poder normativo/regulador, passando a auferir legitimidade e proteção por parte dos Estados; (3) a suposta maior eficácia da biomedicina no quadro de sua maior compatibilidade com os novos imperativos capitalistas; e (4) a constituição de forte movimento profissional biomédico e suas estratégias de fechamento na construção de sua hegemonia.
Profilaxia reversa: o estigma da lepra do hospital para a cidade
Authors: Lapchensk Aline de Fátima , Hardt Letícia Peret Antunes
Published: January 2019

Resumo Os antecedentes históricos da hanseníase como problema social conduziram à construção de hospitais-colônia para isolamento de portadores da doença - uma medida profilática, a fim de evitar sua disseminação. Entretanto, esses estabelecimentos reforçaram o estigma da moléstia e perderam significado diante dos avanços científicos do tratamento ambulatorial. Assim, foram progressivamente descaracterizados, a exemplo do objeto deste estudo - o Hospital de Dermatologia Sanitária do Paraná, instalado em Piraquara, na região metropolitana de Curitiba. Com base nessa conjuntura, a pesquisa objetiva analisar as consequências da desativação de um complexo hospitalar, diagnosticando sua situação atual e refletindo sobre alternativas para minimização das suas interferências deletérias, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do pensamento sobre outras experiências urbanísticas de organização do espaço social perante a estigmatização. A investigação foi baseada em técnicas de revisão de fontes bibliográficas e documentais sobre o tema e o objeto de estudo. Os resultados revelam que os retrocessos promoveram uma trajetória de segregação socioespacial e intraurbana, determinando necessidades de inclusão que demandam a constituição de políticas públicas de saúde associadas a diretrizes de gestão de cidades.
Imaginário coletivo de idosos participantes da Rede de Proteção e Defesa da Pessoa Idosa
Authors: Manna Roberta Elias , Leite Juliana Carvalho Araújo , Aiello-Vaisberg Tania Maria José
Published: January 2019

Resumo A concepção de Rede de Proteção e Defesa da Pessoa Idosa (RPDI) se destaca como espaço de luta coletiva pelo direito dos idosos, por meio de reuniões sistemáticas destes com profissionais de diferentes instituições e pela articulação para a implantação de políticas públicas. Este estudo, caracterizado como pesquisa qualitativa pautada no método psicanalítico, teve o objetivo de compreender o imaginário coletivo de idosos que participam de encontros organizados pela RPDI sobre o envelhecimento. Os participantes foram convidados para entrevista coletiva, na qual foi utilizado o procedimento de desenhos-estórias com tema como recurso facilitador da comunicação emocional. A análise dos desenhos e narrativas possibilitou reconhecer dois campos de sentido afetivo-emocional denominados “velhice como desamparo” e “velhice como responsabilidade pessoal”. Os caminhos que levaram aos campos de sentido apontaram dinâmicas heterogêneas no imaginário coletivo sobre o envelhecimento, além de contradições inerentes ao ser idoso. Apesar do desamparo, da luta contínua e persistente, das fatalidades e da negação da velhice, está também presente a força que a experiência de vida lhes dá e a motivação que encontram na união com seus pares para enfrentar os desafios da vida e lutar por seus direitos.
A transnacionalização do parto normal no Brasil: um estudo das últimas cinco décadas
Authors: Picheth Sara Fernandes , Crubellate João Marcelo , Verdu Fabiane Cortez
Published: January 2019

Resumo Nos últimos anos têm ocorrido mudanças no sistema obstétrico brasileiro, em função da distância entre o cenário nacional e recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde e da atuação de movimentos sociais. Isso evidencia a necessidade de considerar tanto o contexto nacional como o internacional. A fim de compreender a influência da transnacionalização no parto normal no Brasil, conduziu-se uma pesquisa documental para rastrear a evolução do sistema obstétrico no país. Como resultado, observou-se que a trajetória histórica do parto normal não se restringiu às fronteiras nacionais, tendo padrões e recomendações transnacionais impactado localmente, direcionando a criação de novas regulamentações.
Maternal near-miss in labor and delivery in the light of technologies in health
Authors: Santos Izabel Dayana de Lemos , Medeiros Fabiana Fontana , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Serafim Deise , Maciel Sandra Mara , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To know maternal near-miss situations during labor and delivery according to technologies in health. Method: A quantitative study conducted with puerperal women in a public institution in which the maternity department is a reference for high risk care. Data collection was performed from October 2016 to August 2017, and data were processed in SPSS 20.0. Technologies in health were used for discussing the results. Results: Participation of 319 puerperal women. Primiparous women (p=0.027), previous diagnosis of hypertension (p=0.0001), preeclampsia (p=0.0001) and urinary tract infection (p=0.002) were items with statistical significance for the maternal near-miss outcome in labor and delivery. The hard technology associated with the outcome was transportation for hospitalization (p=0.035). Among the light-hard technologies, the following were associated: characteristics of amniotic fluid (p=0.05), vital signs check (p=0.0001), and initiation of the partograph for cesarean section (p=0.026). Among the light technologies, user satisfaction was relevant (p=0.007). Conclusion: Health technologies can be used for structuring the assistance in order to prevent maternal near-miss.