bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ARCTIC REGIONAL SECURITY: A SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION ARRAYS IN DATABASES WEB OF SCIENCE AND SCHOLAR SIBIRICA
Authors: Rykova Valentina Viktorovna
Published: November 2020

В статье прослежены тренды развития научных исследований по теме «Безопасность Арктического региона» с использованием баз данных – международной Web of Science (компании Thomson Reuters) и региональной Научная Сибирика (собственной генерации Государственной публичной научно-технической библиотеки Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук). В базах данных с использованием булевых операторов и ключевых слов выявлены документальные массивы по теме, проведен их сравнительный наукометрический анализ. Аналитические сервисы баз данных позволили назвать страны, учреждения и организации, занимающиеся изучением данной проблемы, а также финансирующие их фонды. Определены наиболее продуктивные периодические издания и авторы с высокой публикационной активностью. Представлены научные мероприятия, проводимые по теме, монографии и диссертационные исследования последних лет. Показана тематическая структура информационных массивов. Отмечено, что изучение безопасности арктических территорий является актуальной проблемой всего мирового сообщества, а не только северных стран. Вышеназванные базы данных могут служить информационной основой дальнейших исследований различных аспектов безопасности Арктического региона.Цель – проведение наукометрического анализа информационных массивов, посвященных изучению безопасности Арктического региона.Методы: наукометрический анализ.Результаты: представлены страны, учреждения и организации, которые изучают эту проблему, а также фонды, финансирующие их; обозначены продуктивные периодические издания и авторы с высокой публикационной активностью; показаны монографии и диссертационные исследования последних лет; выявлены основные направления исследований.Область применения результатов: исследование могут служить информационной основой дальнейших исследований ученых и специалистов по различным аспектам безопасности Арктического региона.
Analysis of the interpretation field of the CORONAVIRUS concept in German-language poetic Internet texts
Authors: Dacko D.
Published: November 2020

Classical concepts LEBEN (LIFE), TOD (DEATH), LIEBE (LOVE), NATUR (NATURE) as well as representations from other fields: religion (АPOKALYPSE, ARMAGEDDON), domestic life (ALLTAG (EVERYDAY LIFE), FAMILIENKRISE (FAMILY CRISIS), economics and politics (FINANZKRISE (FINANCIAL CRISIS), sport (FUßBALL (FOOTBALL), SPORT, DOPING (PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DRUG), philosophy (ABSURDITÄT DES MENSCHLICHEN LEBENS (ABSURDITY OF HUMAN EXISTENCE) are explicated within the context of the German poetry discourse of the XXI century. However in 2020 due to the spread of coronavirus infection, which had an impact on world society, it becomes relevant to consider the methods of the CORONAVIRUS concept implementation in the context of German poetry Internet discourse of the XXI century.

Special attention focuses on three main groups of poetic texts: a poem- appeal; a poem-advice; a poem that creates a positive attitude; a poem that creates a sense of anxiety, which raise this problem. In the texts under study, the main set of linguostylistic means has been identified that serve as ways of manifestation of the CORONAVIRUS concept: epithets, chains of negative-evaluative lexical items, metaphors, rhetorical questions. However, the prevailing means are imperative constructions that have an influential character.
Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching Foreign Languages to International Students
Authors: Naumova O.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the potential application of information and communication technologies in modern higher professional education, which serve as a continuous source of creation and implementation of innovations in the educational process and teaching foreign languages. The author of the article describes the didactic functions and methodological potential of educational technologies as a tool for the development of students’ professional competencies, the forms of their use and methods of effective implementation in teaching foreign languages in the process of professional training of IR (International Relations) students. The article analyses various approaches to the use of information and communication technologies in the process of teaching foreign languages and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of their use. The examples of the application of these technologies in teaching foreign languages of IR specialists, which help to enrich and diversify the educational process, are given.
First record of the association of a species of Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) with Zornia latifolia Sm. (Fabaceae), and its parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in Brazil
Authors: Cajé Suianne Oliveira dos Santos , Melo Jefferson Duarte de , Silva Erlande Lins da , Lima Iracilda Maria de Moura
Published: November 2020

The family Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) comprises over 6,000 described and widely distributed species. However, studies on interactions with other insects such as ants, parasitoids, and with food plants in the Neotropical region, are still scarce, even though such information are fundamental for better understanding the natural history of this taxonomic group. This study reports a new food plant to larvae of Lycaenidae species in the neotropics, as well as its parasitoid. A Lycaenidae larva was found and collected for immature stage observation under laboratory conditions. The larva fed on petals and seeds of Zornia latifolia Sm. (Fabaceae). Nineteen days after pupation in laboratory a larvipupal parasitoid of the genus Conura (Chalcididae) had egressed. This is the first report of tritrophic relationship amongst Z. latifolia, a Lycaenidae larva and its larvipupal parasitoid of the genus Conura in a periurban area near remnants of the Atlantic Forest, in Northeastern Brazil.
Changes in Family Income around the Time of Birth of Children in Germany between 1985 and 2004
Authors: Schulze Alexander
Published: November 2020

While the course and the determinants of fertility behaviour have been investigated intensively, the monetary consequences of birth have hardly been considered empirically to date. Therefore, this paper focuses on the short-term (equivalent) household income changes around the time of births in a longitudinal perspective and examines them for their causes. For the analyses of the longitudinal data (GSOEP-Data 1984-2005), fixed effects panel regression models were computed. The results show that the short-term socioeconomic consequences of birth have clearly increased in the last two decades and first births in particular are associated with disproportionately severe socioeconomic consequences, while further births are rarely accompanied by negative changes in the households’ socioeconomic situations. Furthermore, household income losses attributable to births only arise in double income households and increase gradually in line with a rising level of household income before birth. Hence, the analyses suggest the need for more adequate state assistance with respect to family support. Beside the provision of adequate infrastructural conditions which allow mothers to be employed, also the payments to compensate for child-related costs (“Kindergeld”) should be – in contrast to the present practice in Germany – increased and re-adjusted with respect to the child’s position in the birth sequence.
Fertility Forecasting in the German-speaking World:
Recent Experience and Opportunities for Improvement

Authors: Goldstein Joshua R. , Rößger Felix , Jaschinski Ina , Prskawetz Alexia
Published: November 2020

In this article, the official fertility projections of the statistical agencies in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland are examined. We refer to the literature on this topic and the history of fertility projections in all three countries. We conclude that the basis of fertility projections is the persistence of the present. We then investigate the most recent projections in more detail – with special regard for their consistency of timing and level changes of fertility. This shows that in the low fertility context, such as in the three countries under consideration, where fertility postponement is expected to stop sometime in upcoming decades, the medium assumptions of constancy contain an implicit decline in the forecasted level of fertility. Both tempo and cohort perspectives on projected fertility reveal this conclusion. Consequently, we suggest that agencies should deal explicitly with the prospect of postponement and their effect on fertility levels. The Bongaarts-Feeney framework or similar ones could be used. We also provide examples of three consistent variants (low, medium, and high) in the case of Germany, and show that such a forecast can in some cases outperform the usual constant level forecast in a low-fertility context.
Fertility in Austria, Germany and Switzerland:
Is there a Common Pattern?

Authors: Sobotka Tomáš
Published: November 2020

This article reviews major similarities and differences in period and cohort fertility in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. These three countries share a long history of low fertility and currently belong to countries with the lowest cohort fertility rates globally. The study highlights persistent differences in fertility and family patterns between Eastern and Western Germany, which are often rooted in pre-unification contrasts and can be partly linked to continuing differences in institutional set-up and norms on organised childcare, living arrangements and maternal employment. The remarkable stability in period fertility over the last 30 years (with the exception of Eastern Germany) is illustrated with various indicators and discussed on the backdrop of recent reversals in European fertility trends. This stability in fertility levels contrasts with the long-term shift in childbearing towards less stable living arrangements (especially in Eastern Germany), including a high share of single mothers. The study also discusses a relatively small but persistent negative impact of the ongoing shift towards a late timing of childbearing on period fertility in the region. It highlights the educational gradient in fertility, which can be largely attributed to elevated childlessness rates among women with a higher educational degree. Migrant women have on average higher fertility rates than “native-born” women, but their net positive impact on aggregate fertility rates has diminished over time and has become negligible in Germany. A concluding discussion suggests that Austria, Germany and Switzerland share a common pattern of low fertility that sets these countries apart from other regions in Europe.
The Economic Crisis and Labour Migration Policy in European Countries
Authors: Kuptsch Christiane
Published: November 2020

This paper reviews changes in migration policies as a response to the 2008 financial and economic crisis and examines issues of migration governance. Countries in Europe opted to make new immigration more difficult, protected their labour markets for native born workers, encouraged the return of migrant workers and intensified efforts to curb irregular migration. Clear patterns or reasons for variation in policy responses are not discernible, but it is safe to say that only countries with a significant recent influx of migrants have taken high profile measures at all. The crisis has led to a shift in perspective of the State and its role in economics which is now seen as useful instead of undesired. Previously prevailing neo-liberal thought relegated the State to the “high politics” of sovereignty and security issues. The crisis has highlighted labour market issues, and migrants are now increasingly portrayed as economic agents instead of security threats. This offers room for the State to assert its protective role vis-à-vis migrant workers – a welcome development. The analysis has an International Relations/Political Economy perspective and is largely based on (official) news releases and secondary sources.
The Role of Contemporary Childbearing Postponement and Recuperation in Shaping Period Fertility Trends
Authors: Frejka Tomas
Published: November 2020

This paper outlines a method that analyses how cohort and period childbearing postponement and recuperation (P&R) are reflected in total period fertility rate (TPFR) trends in low-fertility populations in recent decades. The method is rooted in the trailblazing ideas developed by Ryder (1951 and 1964), namely that childbearing P&R occurs in the life of individual women and can be summarised in the lifetime experiences of birth cohorts. Cohort childbearing age patterns are then translated into period childbearing age patterns and the effects of the P&R process on the TPFRs are revealed by summarising period ASFRs of young women and of older women and analysing their interaction over time in 36 low-fertility populations. The method is complementary to methods pioneered by Bongaarts and Feeney (1998) which estimate tempo-adjusted TPFRs. These demonstrate the degree to which TPFRs are distorted. The method described in this paper reveals the internal mechanism generating TPFR trends; it exposes the demographic structural causes generating TPFR trends and demonstrates why TPFRs are moving in a certain direction.The following findings stand out:1. All low-fertility populations have experienced TPFR troughs at some point during the past four decades. The troughs occurred because low fertility among young women of young cohorts starting to postpone childbearing overlaps with low fertility among older women of older cohorts who had not postponed births. The troughs occurred in Western countries mostly during the early 1980s and in Central andEastern Europearound 2000.2. The structural causes of the increase in TPFRs in the late 1990s and early in the 21st century were different in Western countries compared to Central andEastern Europe. The former were experiencing the concluding phases of the P&R process. In contrast, in Central andEastern Europepopulations were experiencing the initial phases of childbearing P&R. It was a historical coincidence that TPFRs were increasing in most low-fertility populations almost simultaneously around the beginning of the 21st century.3. These TPFR increases were predominantly the consequence of changes in cohort childbearing age patterns, i.e. changes in the timing of fertility. They were not generated by fertility quantum increases. During this period in almost all the low-fertility countries TPFRs were rising while corresponding total cohort fertility rates were declining.
Fertility, Family Policy and Welfare Regimes
Authors: Schleutker Elina
Published: November 2020

This paper is inspired by the many similarities between gendered welfare state research and demographic research on the determinants of fertility. The first part of the paper discusses some of the theories on childbearing in the light of the gendered welfare state theory. One important similarity between these two genres is that when work-life choices are studied, the emphasis is on policies which enable women to reconcile employment and family. Support for informal care is accordingly treated as having a negative influence on work-life compatibility, and women are moreover assumed to have homogeneous preferences, i.e., they are supposed to want to combine work and family. However, such an approach does not pay sufficient attention to informal care and to heterogeneity among women, either when it comes to preferences or to behaviour. To address these gaps, in the second part of the paper a new framework to analyse women’s work-life choices is developed. The suggested framework gives considerable attention to the way in which formal as well as informal care is supported or enforced in different welfare states and the consequences such support has on women’s decision making. Moreover, heterogeneity among women is emphasised, both in preferences and when it comes to behaviour. The central argument is that women’s heterogeneous preferences transform differently to different lifestyle career strategies (with regard to employment and childbearing) in different welfare state settings, as each lifestyle strategy is encouraged or discouraged by family policy to differing degrees. Hence, the number of women who choose a particular strategy, as well as the level of fertility, varies between the welfare states. In addition, household resources are assumed to influence the choices that are being made. The argument that is put forward is illustrated with recent data on family policy, women’s employment patterns and fertility in the social-democratic (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden), conservative (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain) and liberal welfare states (Australia, Canada, Ireland, the UK, the USA). Moreover, a reinterpretation of the findings on the relationship between family policy, female employment and fertility is provided in the light of the framework outlined.
Patterns of Family Life Courses in Europe – between Standardisation and Diversity
A Cross-national Comparison of Family Trajectories and Life Course Norms in European Countries

Authors: Hofäcker Dirk , Chaloupková Jana
Published: November 2020

Throughout recent decades, a gradual shift away from an early contracted and simple life course pattern which dominated in the 1950s and 1960s to late protracted and more complex patterns could be observed within European countries. Yet, despite multiple cross-national similarities in the changes of individual life course patterns, there exist considerable differences in the form and frequency of these changes. We argue that one possible way of better understanding these variations is to examine the connection between family formation choices and value orientations. Using data from the European Social Survey 2006 we empirically investigate to what extent the family trajectories have changed across generations and how these practiced family trajectories correspond to cross-cohort changes in socially established norms about family transitions. Our results corroborate the assumption of an increasing restandardisation of family lives: Even though family trajectories have become more turbulent involving more stages and stage changes for the younger generation, “deviations” from traditional family patterns (such as unmarried cohabitation) are turning into majority behaviour, i.e. into a “new standard”. Contrasting these trends with developments in family-related norms reveals that the liberalisation in norms appears to precede such changes in actual demographic behaviour, even though European countries differ in the degree and pace to which such normative and behavioural changes have yet taken place.
Ost-West-Paare: Verbreitung, Eigenschaften und Stabilität
Authors: Lois Daniel
Published: November 2020

Auf der Basis von SOEP-Daten werden Partnerschaften untersucht, die jeweils aus einem westdeutsch und ostdeutsch sozialisierten Partner bestehen und aktuell in den alten oder neuen Bundesländern wohnen. Der geschätzte Anteil der Ost-West-Paare an allen Ehen bzw. nichtehelichen Lebensgemeinschaften erhöht sich im Beobachtungszeitraum kontinuierlich und liegt im Jahr 2009 bei etwa zwei bzw. elf Prozent. Die speziellen Charakteristika der Ost-West-Paare bestehen darin, dass die außerhäusliche Arbeitsteilung relativ egalitär ausgerichtet ist, die Partner sich überdurchschnittlich oft in ihrer konfessionellen Zugehörigkeit sowie religiösen Praxis unterscheiden, Scheidungserfahrungen mindestens eines Partners häufig vorkommen und auch eine starke Neigung zur Nichtehelichkeit festzustellen ist. Neben dem Ort der Sozialisation kommt dem aktuellen Wohnort im Hinblick auf die ökonomische Lage, die Arbeitsteilung und die Heiratsneigung eine eigenständige Bedeutung zu. Analysen zur Partnerschaftsstabilität zeigen, dass Ost-West-Paare ein relativ hohes Trennungsrisiko aufweisen. Dies ist teilweise auf religiöse Differenzen zwischen den Partnern, vor allem aber auf die geringe Heiratsneigung und die Überrepräsentation bereits geschiedener Personen in diesem Partnerschaftstyp zurückzuführen.
Entry into the Postparental Phase of the Family Life Cycle
Authors: Wawrzyniak Barbara
Published: November 2020

The article examines entry into the postparental phase of the family life cycle, which is the familial situation when all children have moved out of the parental household. We position this event chronologically within the life course and examine the probability of occurrence. Using panel data (3 survey waves) covering a period of 40 years of a cohort of former North-Rhine Westphalian grammar school pupils, event history models (Cox regression) are employed to analyse what factors accelerate or decelerate the transition. This revealed that the parent’s individual biography (in particular the age at the own move out, age at the birth of the first child and the number of children) has a major impact on the time of occurrence, while the occupational history has no effect. In addition, sons delay the transition, while children’s academic studies and occupation accelerate it.
Environmental Change and Human Mobility: Trends, Law and Policy
Authors: Martin Susan F.
Published: November 2020

Enhancing the protection of persons displaced by natural disasters and the impacts of climate change will require sustained attention. This article identifies practical solutions, many of which are currently under consideration by governments and international organizations, to improve the lives of millions of people affected by environmental crises. It begins with a brief overview of why people move, the nature of those movements, and the relationship between human mobility and adaptation to environmental change by highlighting three types of mobility – migration, displacement and planned relocation. Next, the international and regional level will be discussed, with particular focus on legislative and policy frameworks for addressing human mobility in the context of environmental change. The article identifies gaps in existing frameworks as well as recent efforts to address them, particularly through mini-multilateral initiatives aimed at identifying principles and practices that should guide governmental action. The article concludes that efforts to improve responses require a better evidence base than currently exists on issues such as the environmental determinants of migration, displacement and planned relocation; the multi-faceted ways in which environmental factors relate to the many other causes of population movements in the cases of human mobility; and the impact of such movements on the well-being of migrants, communities of origin, and communities of destination.
Demographic Patterns of Reurbanisation and Housing in Metropolitan Regions in the US and Germany
Authors: Brombach Karoline , Jessen Johann , Siedentop Stefan , Zakrzewski Philipp
Published: November 2020

After decades of decline, first signs of a central and inner city revitalisation were noticed towards the end of the 1980s in North American metropolitan areas. The repopulation and redevelopment of the metropolitan cores – often referred to as “reurbanisation”, “urban renaissance” or “back-to-the-city-movement” – has accelerated since then and is today one of the outstanding characteristics of recent urban development in the US. In Western and Central European urban regions, reurbanisation patterns were detected some years later although starting from a different level, as the inner cities have never faced a process of decay to the extent that was known in North American cities. At present, reurbanisation is intensely debated in urban and regional research. Although the evidence of reurbanisation is hardly questioned any longer, there is considerable uncertainty about how this new pattern of population change can be explained, how long it will last and how it will change the spatial urban structure of metropolitan areas in the long run. In this paper, we comparatively investigate recent trends of urban development in the US and Germany based on both survey and case study methods, with a focus on demographic patterns and housing. Our results suggest that reurbanisation is a universal trend in large metro regions in the Global North, manifesting itself as a significant repopulation and densification of core areas. At the same time, we found considerable divergence in terms of scale, dynamics and sociodemographic composition of reurbanisation patterns in the selected regions of the US and Germany. * This article belongs to a special issue on reurbanisation.
Policy-based Population Projections for the European Union: A Complementary Approach
Authors: Cafaro Philip , Dérer Patrícia
Published: November 2020

We present new population projections out to 2100 for the countries of the European Union and for the EU as a whole under a wide range of fertility and migration scenarios. As policy-based projections rather than forecasts, they aspire not to maximize predictive success regarding future demographic developments, but to accurately show the impact of different migration and socio-economic policy choices on population numbers. Our chief aim is to clarify those policy choices for European citizens and policymakers. We show that demographic policies have the potential to markedly increase or decrease future populations across the EU. Migration policy offers greater scope for influencing future population numbers than policies aimed at influencing national fertility rates. In countries with particularly low fertility rates or high emigration levels, egalitarian economic and family support policies have the potential to limit future population decreases to a significant extent, especially in combination. In most cases, EU nations are well placed to stabilize or slowly reduce their populations by continuing status quo policies or with moderate changes. Thus they are well placed to achieve one of the necessary conditions for creating ecologically sustainable societies.
Impact of Internal Migration on Population Redistribution in Europe: Urbanisation, Counterurbanisation or Spatial Equilibrium?
Authors: Rowe Francisco , Bell Martin , Bernard Aude , Charles-Edwards Elin , Ueffing Philipp
Published: November 2020

The classical foundations of migration research date from the 1880s with Ravenstein’s “Laws of migration”, which represent the first comparative analyses of internal migration. While his observations remain largely valid, the ensuing century has seen considerable progress in data collection practices and methods of analysis, which in turn has permitted theoretical advances in understanding the role of migration in population redistribution. Coupling the extensive range of migration data now available with these recent theoretical and methodological advances, we endeavour to advance beyond Ravenstein’s understanding by examining the direction of population redistribution and comparing the impact of internal migration on patterns of human settlement in 27 European countries. Results show that the overall redistributive impact of internal migration is low in most European countries but the mechanisms differ across the continent. In Southern and Eastern Europe migration effectiveness is above average but is offset by low migration intensities, whereas in Northern and Western Europe high intensities are absorbed in reciprocal flows resulting in low migration effectiveness. About half the European countries are experiencing a process of concentration toward urbanised regions, particularly in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe, whereas countries in the West and South are undergoing a process of population deconcentration. These results suggest that population deconcentration is now more common than it was in the 1990s when counterurbanisation was limited to Western Europe. The results show that 130 years on, Ravenstein’s law of migration streams and counter-streams remains a central facet of migration dynamics, while underlining the importance of simple yet robust indices for the spatial analysis of migration.* This article belongs to a special issue on “Internal Migration as a Driver of Regional Population Change in Europe: Updating Ravenstein”.
The role of the nearest relative in mental health law
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: November 2020

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers the role of the nearest relative, a statutory friend, appointed for patients detained under the Mental Health Act 1983
Short Communication: A new cyprinid fish Barilius cyanochlorus from Kerala, India
Authors: Plamoottil Dr. Mathews , VINEETH K.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Plamoottil M, Vineeth K. 2020. Short Communication: A new cyprinid fish Barilius cyanochlorus from Kerala, India. Biodiversitas 21: 5389-5393. A new Barilius species is described from a small freshwater stream at Kasargod district of Kerala, India. It can be distinguished from its congeners in having a body with blackish-brown dorsal and upper laterals, greenish-yellow middle part and silvery lower lateral part, 8 vertical bands on mid-lateral region, each of these bands with 2 segments-lower blue part and upper green part, a large round blotch on the caudal base with similar color pattern, dorsal fin with basal 2/3 portion brown and distal 1/3 part orange-red, anal fin orange-red, pectoral fin pale reddish, 14-16 pre-dorsal scales and 37-39 lateral line scales. The new species is taxonomically analyzed, compared with its congeners, scientifically named and described.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F3B30158-CE71-496B-B8F4-B7645C2AD8B4 

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7763B3FE-6A97-447E-B718-2FB34807DFF9
Nutritional value and growth performance of sea worms (Nereis sp.) fed with Hermetia illucens maggot flour and grated coconut (Cocos nucifera) as natural feed
Authors: Herawati Vivi Endar , Pinandoyo Pinandoyo , Windarto Seto , Rismaningsih Nurmanita , Har Riyadi Putut , Darmanto YS , Karna Radjasa Ocky
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Herawati VE, Pinandoyo, Windarto S, Rismaningsih N, Riyadi PH, Darmanto YS, Radjasa OK. 2020. Nutritional value and growth performance of sea worms (Nereis sp.) fed with Hermetia illucens maggot flour and grated coconut (Cocos nucifera) as natural feed. Biodiversitas 21: 5431-5437. Sea worms are one of the natural feeds used for shrimp aquaculture. This study aimed to investigate the growth performance and nutritional quality of sea worms (Nereis sp.) fed with Hermetia illucens maggot flour and grated coconut (Cocos nucifera). Nereis sp. individuals were cultured at a density of 100/plastic container for 35 days, and fed twice daily with a feeding rate of 5% of the total body weight. This study used five treatments, i.e.: A. 50% maggot flour and 50% coconut grated, B. 75% maggot flour and 25% coconut grated, C. 25% maggot flour and 75% grated coconut, D. 100% maggot flour, and E. 100% coconut grated. The results showed that the sea worms fed on maggot flour and grated coconut had a significant effect (P < 0.01) on the survival rate (SR), feed conversion rate (FCR), and feed efficiency. Treatment D showed the highest absolute growth value, specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency, and SR (0.45 g, 3.25%, 49.23%, and 99.67%). Feeding rate n ranged from 30.50% to 34.67%, and the FCR value ranged from 2.07-2.43%. The highest nutrient contents were observed in treatment D, with 54.05% protein, 22.54% fatty acid, 55.46 ppm methionine, and 10.98% EPA. This result suggested that Nereis sp. fed with 100% maggot flour had the greatest nutritional quality and growth performance.
Short Communication: The emergence and rise of indigenous thermophilic bacteria exploration from hot springs in Indonesia
Authors: Lischer Kenny , BAGUS RICHKY DIGDAYA PUTRA ANANDA , Wirawan Guslianto Brian , Avila Forbes , Grace Sitorus Sarah , Nugraha Yudhi , Sarmoko
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Lischer K, Putra ABRD, Guslianto BW, Avilla F, Sitorus SG, Nugraha Y, Sarmoko. 2020. Short Communication: The emergence and rise of indigenous thermophilic bacteria exploration from hot springs in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5474-5481. Indonesia is an archipelagic country located in the pacific ring of fire, and is estimated to cause numerous hot springs spread across the country. In addition, small living microbes have been explored in these locations since 1985. These microbes possess the ability to survive in areas with high temperature (more than 40oC-90oC), and are therefore termed thermophiles. Hence, massive explorations have been conducted on Java island and other unexplored areas at Sumatra to Papua in New Guinea islands. Moreover, a total of 71 hot springs characterized by the presence of thermophilic bacteria have been explored in Indonesia. These investigations ensue with various approaches, including through conventional and microbiological, 16S rRNA, as well as whole-genome sequencing methods. In addition to species exploration, the application of thermophiles has become a topic of interest from 1999, especially based on thermostable enzymes with the capacity to maintain activity at high-temperature conditions. These include amylase, protease, lipase, xylanase, esterase, and cellulase as the most common isolated form, which indicates the existence of significant extractable potentials. Hence, there is a need for further research in terms of both exploration and application purposes.
Design routine and characterisation of a biconic deformable metal mirror for focus shifting
Authors: Böttner Paul , Brady Aoife , Reinlein Claudia , Eberhardt Ramona , Nolte Stefan
Published: November 2020

This paper describes an opto-mechanical concept of a deformable metal mirror membrane, which can shift the focus position over a large range by use of a single actuator. The core element of the mirror is a diamond turned tulip-shaped membrane, the design is optimized to correct astigmatic aberrations which arise from the use of a curved mirror under a deflection angle. For this purpose, the target mirror surface is biconic. The manufactured mirror was tested with a maximum central deflection of 28 µm and, when used in combination with a 200 mm focal lens, is capable of producing a focus shift of up to 17.9 mm with a resulting wavefront aberration of 238.7 nm RMS
error
.
Six-pack holographic imaging for dynamic rejection of out-of-focus objects
Authors: Mirsky Simcha K. , Shaked Natan T.
Published: November 2020

Six-pack holography is adapted to reject out-of-focus objects in dynamic samples, using a single camera exposure and without any scanning. By illuminating the sample from six different angles in parallel using a low-coherence source, out-of-focus objects are laterally shifted in six different directions when projected onto the focal plane. Then pixel-wise averaging of the six reconstructed images creates a significantly clearer image, with rejection of out-of-focus objects. Dynamic imaging results are shown for swimming microalgae and flowing microbeads, including numerical refocusing by Fresnel propagation. The averaged images reduced the contribution of out-of-focus objects by up to 83% in comparison to standard holograms captured using the same light source, further improving the system sectioning capabilities. Both simulation and experimental results are presented.
Cascaded Stokes polarization conversion in cubic Raman crystals
Authors: Echarri Daniel T. , Mildren Richard P. , Olaizola Santiago M. , Granados Eduardo
Published: November 2020

We describe a theoretical approach based on Müller and tensor calculus for predicting the polarization state and gain of cascaded Stokes orders produced under coherent Raman scattering regime conditions. The formulation follows a Markovian-style implementation for F2g-type modes in Raman cubic crystals. The theoretical model is supported by experimental results that corroborate that the polarization and power of the cascaded Stokes orders can be effectively predicted using sequential calculus. We extend these results to a variety of crystal propagation directions, with the aim of facilitating the design of advanced solid-state Raman lasers.
Correlation between glass viscosity and the high-temperature lifetime of silica fiber Bragg gratings directly written by a femtosecond laser
Authors: Shi Jindan , Xiao Shuai , Yu Yanjiang , Sun Wenjuan , Luo Tao , Chen Ting , Han Feng , Feng Xian
Published: November 2020

We report our investigation on the correlation between glass viscosity and the lifetime of femtosecond laser written silica fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at high temperatures. The FBGs are made by a direct, point-by-point writing method using an 800-nm Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser. It shows that the femtosecond laser inscribed FBGs in the commercial silica fibers can survive under high-temperature up to 1150 °C. An empirical formula of FBG thermal lifetime τ (in second) versus glass viscosity η (in dPa·s), τ=0.27η0.32, is deduced. Both our experimental results and the previously reported work on femtosecond laser induced photo-defects is in good agreement with such a formula, indicating its effective prediction on the thermal stability and thermal decay of such a type of FBG at high temperatures.
Conventional milling into CNC machine tool remanufacturing: Sustainability modeling
Authors: Abdullah Ziyad Tariq
Published: November 2020

Aims: Sustainability modeling for conventional milling into CNC machine tool remanufacturing-upgrading. Study design: Remanufacturing-upgrading of conventional milling into CNC machine in its mechanical part, it is merely traditional remanufacturing process of conventional milling where gearbox can be eliminated due to use of motorized axes. Lead screws can be replaced with motorized ball screws. Heavy parts of machine bed such column, knee and saddle are reused. A group of criteria are selected to conduct comprehensive sustainability assessment of remanufacturing-upgrading process include: 1. Remanufacturing cost: It is the cost of milling remanufacturing into CNC machine. 2. Remanufacturing time: It is the duration of time required for milling remanufacturing into CNC machine. 3. Accuracy: It is an expected technical performance of remanufactured milling into CNC machine. 4. Reliability: It is an expected technical performance of remanufactured milling into CNC machine. 5. Processing efficiency: It is the man-hour based productivity efficiency of a remanufactured milling into CNC machine. 6. Processing range: It is the flexibility of remanufactured machine tool into CNC machine. 7. Ergonomics: It is the interaction among operator, remanufactured milling into CNC machine tool and other system unit through the cell of manufacturing. Conventional machine tool into CNC machine remanufacturing-upgrading experience is used to project the suitable literature comparatively to construct sustainability assessment model. Sustainability assessment models in field of remanufacturing-upgrading are reviewed and modified to accommodate new changes that accompany the current case study.
Place and Duration of Study: Middle Technical University, Institute of Technology-Baghdad, Mechanical Techniques Department, between February 2020 and July 2020. Methodology: Literature survey in area of remanufacturing assessment and remanufacturing sustainability assessment. Comparative literature based assessment application. Classification of literature sample. Re-representation of discussions and conclusions. Graphical representation of results. Isolation of criteria. Case study definition. Weighting of criteria. Triangular fuzzication of criteria. Weighting of satisfaction. Global weights calculation. Sustainability Index weight calculation. Results: Summation of sub-sustainabilities index weights is within limit of consistency. Environmental sustainability literature is predominated to be followed by economic and technical sustainbilities literature. Conclusion: Economic, environmental and social sub-sustainabilities are of good performances and directed toward sustainability. Social and management sustainability are interlinked and require more studies to be directed toward sustainability.
Customer perspective by integrating Kano model and Quality Function Deployment method into Cinema XXI: A case study from Semarang City Indonesia
Authors: Sedayu Agung , Santoso Rahmat Budi
Published: November 2020

This research aims is to identify the needs and desires of Cinema XXI customers in Semarang. As the largest market leader and cinema network in Indonesia, Cinema XXI must have the best quality of service. The population in this study were respondents with criteria that had watched at least at three XXI theaters in the Semarang City. The sample selection uses a purposive sampling method and from questionnaires, 138 respondents met the criteria. By using the Kano Model and integrated into the Quality Function Deployment method, it can be concluded that the highest influence on the increase in satisfaction level is the attribute of the quality of the image display on the cinema screen. Whereas the highest influence on the decline in the level of customer satisfaction is the attribute of the use of polite language and easily understood by officers when explaining / providing information to customers. And attributes that service providers prioritize for improvement are cleanliness and comfort of toilets.
Development of supply chain management models in rice production to improve food endurance and security in Demak Regency
Authors: Kurniawati Nurul Imani , Werdani Riandhita Eri , Mege Stacia Reviany
Published: November 2020

Food is the main basic needs for human that must be fulfilling at all times. The right to obtain food is one of human right, as it stated in the article 27 of the 1945 Constitution and in the Rome Declaration (1996). The aim of this study is to find out and analyze the development of supply chain management models that are used to maximize rice production in order to improve food security and security in Demak Regency. The methodology that used of this study is descriptive qualitative with the data collection method used in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and literature study. The result of this study indicate that it can increase rice production and increase the rice fulfillment ratio around 12% at the end of the 2032 period and the scenario with the efficiency of the rice supply chain can reduce the logistics costs between farmers and rice traders around 14.3%. The conclusion of this study is to increase the ratio of rice fulfillment and creates the efficiency in supply chain management. This shows that based on parameters changes by increasing the value of crop agro-input and extensification scenarios which can increase the rice production per year and rice fulfillment ratio, while scenarios with rice supply chain efficiency can reduce the logistics costs between farmers and rice traders around 14.3%. While the rice prices were also affected and had a price reduction ratio of 3.75%.
Supply chain management practices as a competitive tool for third party logistics providers performance
Authors: Mogaka Conrad Ochego , Njiru Kellen Karimi , Arani Wycliffe
Published: November 2020

The major purpose of this research paper is to examine supply chain management practices as a strategic tool for third-party logistics firms’ performance: by presenting practical and theoretical advantages by reviewing the corresponding literature, and also by proposing more forward-looking studies. A literature review was developed to help today's supply chain managers and analysts to thoroughly scrutinize what was already recognized as well as what requires further research. The research broadens, from a centered company perspective, the understanding of supply chain management practices as a tactical resource for success of third party logistics firms, as well as limitations for future studies. This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the literature to develop a proposed general framework for a strategic tool research initiative to perform TPLs' supply chain management practices. The research paper provides perspectives into deficiencies in current practices of supply chain management, along with the progress of third party logistics sector literature. The research paper proposes specific research into the logistics process, as it relates to planned and current performance. The research paper makes a series of important literary contributions. First, it provides the first comprehensive analysis of the fundamental concepts used throughout the current supply chain management activities research in relation to the performance of third party logistics companies. Indeed, when carrying out a similar exercise, the approach used to conduct the systematic literature review may be used as a guide for future investigators. Current research is aimed at providing a researcher who meets the needs of modern business leaders.
Performance evaluation of terminal airspace system safety, delay and predictability of Muritala Mohammed International Airport, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ejem Ejem Agwu , Ikeogu Vivian N. , Okafor Chinenye L. , Erumaka P. O.
Published: November 2020

This paper outlines a multi-dimensional user-oriented performance metrics approach in evaluating the operation of the terminal airspace system to aid in the airport and airspace planning and decision making. Safety, delay and predictability metrics contribute to the analytical framework. From the findings, the occurrence of air incidence has a high severity level at departure, and arrival phases of flight, higher likelihood at the radar room and much of the incidences were as a result of faulty equipment and inherent absence of modern airspace infrastructure. Also, in Lagos terminal airspace, the number of incidences has no close correlation with the level of traffic complexity. Total schedule arrival delay ranges from 1-392 minutes representing an average of 7.8-17.9 minutes per aircraft that arrived Lagos airport at that period. Besides, the total approach contact time ranges from 1-57 minutes, translating to 4.6-7.1 minutes per aircraft. However, variability in arrival time of 1-5 minutes is common from published airline arrival scheduled time. In the same vein, the variability of 1-5 minutes is common from approach contact times of aircraft. These figures indicate sound arrival predictability signature for Lagos airport. Also, departure time variability above 30 minutes is familiar from the ATC clearance time for the various routes under study. However, there is about or more 25% variability of more than 15 minutes, and this indicates possible inconsistency of predicting departure times from the times ATC clearance was acquired. Above all, the predictability of departure times in Lagos airport is weak compared to those of the arrival. Taken by it, this may be a sign of airspace congestion or ATC deficiencies at the Lagos airport. This is an indication of the lack of users' confidence in Nigeria's air transport industry to deliver just-in-time service.