bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local meridional circulation changes contribute to a projected slowdown of the Indian Ocean Walker circulation
Authors: Sharma Sahil , Ha Kyung-Ja , Cai Wenju , Chung Eui-Seok , Bódai Tamás
Published: March 2022

The weakening of zonal atmospheric circulation, a widely accepted projection of climate change in response to global warming, features a weakening of the Indian Ocean Walker circulation (IWC), with an anomalous ascending motion over the western and anomalous descending motion over the eastern Indian Ocean. The projected IWC weakening has previously been attributed to slower warming in the east than the west, that is, to a positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)-like warming pattern. However, such a warming pattern can also be induced by IWC weakening. As a result, the cause-and-effect relationship cannot be easily determined, and the projected change is poorly constrained and highly uncertain. Here, using a suite of coupled climate model simulations under a high-emission scenario, we find that the IWC slowdown is accompanied by not only a positive IOD-like warming pattern but also anomalous meridional circulation that is associated with anomalous descending motion over the eastern Indian Ocean. We further show that the anomalous local meridional circulation is closely linked to enhanced land-sea thermal contrast and is unlikely to result from the positive IOD-like warming pattern, suggesting that the IWC weakening is in part driven by the anomalous local meridional circulation. Our findings underscore the important role of local meridional circulation changes in modulating future IWC changes.
A multicenter evaluation of computable phenotyping approaches for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 hospitalizations
Authors: Khera Rohan , Mortazavi Bobak J. , Sangha Veer , Warner Frederick , Patrick Young H. , Ross Joseph S. , Shah Nilay D. , Theel Elitza S. , Jenkinson William G. , Knepper Camille , Wang Karen , Peaper David , Martinello Richard A. , Brandt Cynthia A. , Lin Zhenqiu , Ko Albert I. , Krumholz Harlan M. , Pollock Benjamin D. , Schulz Wade L.
Published: March 2022

Diagnosis codes are used to study SARS-CoV2 infections and COVID-19 hospitalizations in administrative and electronic health record (EHR) data. Using EHR data (April 2020–March 2021) at the Yale-New Haven Health System and the three hospital systems of the Mayo Clinic, computable phenotype definitions based on ICD-10 diagnosis of COVID-19 (U07.1) were evaluated against positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR or antigen tests. We included 69,423 patients at Yale and 75,748 at Mayo Clinic with either a diagnosis code or a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. The precision and recall of a COVID-19 diagnosis for a positive test were 68.8% and 83.3%, respectively, at Yale, with higher precision (95%) and lower recall (63.5%) at Mayo Clinic, varying between 59.2% in Rochester to 97.3% in Arizona. For hospitalizations with a principal COVID-19 diagnosis, 94.8% at Yale and 80.5% at Mayo Clinic had an associated positive laboratory test, with secondary diagnosis of COVID-19 identifying additional patients. These patients had a twofold higher inhospital mortality than based on principal diagnosis. Standardization of coding practices is needed before the use of diagnosis codes in clinical research and epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19.
Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns reveal clinically relevant predictive and prognostic subtypes in human osteosarcoma
Authors: Lietz Christopher E. , Newman Erik T. , Kelly Andrew D. , Xiang David H. , Zhang Ziying , Luscko Caroline A. , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A. , Ebb David H. , Raskin Kevin A. , Cote Gregory M. , Choy Edwin , Nielsen G. Petur , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Aryee Martin J. , Spentzos Dimitrios
Published: March 2022

Aberrant methylation of genomic DNA has been reported in many cancers. Specific DNA methylation patterns have been shown to provide clinically useful prognostic information and define molecular disease subtypes with different response to therapy and long-term outcome. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignancy for which approximately half of tumors recur following standard combined surgical resection and chemotherapy. No accepted prognostic factor save tumor necrosis in response to adjuvant therapy currently exists, and traditional genomic studies have thus far failed to identify meaningful clinical associations. We studied the genome-wide methylation state of primary tumors and tested how they predict patient outcomes. We discovered relative genomic hypomethylation to be strongly predictive of response to standard chemotherapy. Recurrence and survival were also associated with genomic methylation, but through more site-specific patterns. Furthermore, the methylation patterns were reproducible in three small independent clinical datasets. Downstream transcriptional, in vitro, and pharmacogenomic analysis provides insight into the clinical translation of the methylation patterns. Our findings suggest the assessment of genomic methylation may represent a strategy for stratifying patients for the application of alternative therapies.
The surface composition of amino acid – halide salt solutions is pH-dependent
Authors: Gopakumar Geethanjali , Unger Isaak , Saak Clara-Magdalena , Öhrwall Gunnar , Naves de Brito Arnaldo , Rizuti da Rocha Tulio Costa , Nicolas Christophe , Caleman Carl , Björneholm Olle
Published: March 2022

In atmospheric aerosol particles, the chemical surface composition governs both heterogenous chemical reactions with gas-phase species and the ability to act as nuclei for cloud droplets. We explore the impact of the pH-changes on such surfaces.
A planar ultraviolet objective lens for optical axis free imaging nanolithography by employing optical negative refraction
Authors: Kong Weijie , Liu Ling , Wang Changtao , Pu Mingbo , Gao Ping , Liu Kaipeng , Luo Yunfei , Jin Qijian , Zhao Chengwei , Luo Xiangang
Published: March 2022

Optical axis free imaging nanolithography could be achieved using a planar ultraviolet objective lens composed of a hyperbolic metamaterial.
Efficient H2 evolution on Co3S4/Zn0.5Cd0.5S nanocomposites by photocatalytic synergistic reaction
Authors: Yang Yang , Zheng Xiuzhen , Liu Jiafang , Qi Zhulin , Su Tianyue , Cai Chun , Fu Xianliang , Meng Sugang , Chen Shifu
Published: March 2022

To achieve high photocatalytic efficiency of H2 evolution, promoting the utilization rate of photogenerated charge carriers by photocatalytic synergistic reaction is an efficient strategy.
Magnetic resonance imaging of tumor-associated-macrophages (TAMs) with a nanoparticle contrast agent
Authors: Zhou Junhan , Meli Vijaykumar S. , Yu-Tin Chen Esther , Kapre Rohan , Nagalla Raji , Xiao Wenwu , Borowsky Alexander D. , Lam Kit S. , Liu Wendy F. , Louie Angelique Y.
Published: March 2022

SDIO nanoparticles are localized to tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) in the mouse mammary gland breast cancer model.
Copper sulfide nanostructures: synthesis and biological applications
Authors: Ain Noor ul , Abdul Nasir Jamal , Khan Zaibunisa , Butler Ian S. , Rehman Ziaur
Published: March 2022

Over the past few years, considerable attention has been paid to biomedical applications of copper sulfide nanostructures owing to their enhanced physiochemical and pharmacokinetics characteristics in comparison to gold, silver, and carbon nanomaterials.
Sensitive and specific capture of polystyrene and polypropylene microplastics using engineered peptide biosensors
Authors: Woo Hyunjeong , Kang Seung Hyun , Kwon Yejin , Choi Yonghyun , Kim Jiwon , Ha Don-Hyung , Tanaka Masayoshi , Okochi Mina , Kim Jin Su , Kim Han Koo , Choi Jonghoon
Published: March 2022

Owing to increased environmental pollution, active research regarding microplastics circulating in the ocean has attracted significant interest in recent times.
Rational design of blocking groups for high triplet energy n-type host materials
Authors: Ha Junsu , Kim Seung Chan , Jung Mina , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: March 2022

The effect of blocking groups on the device lifetime and efficiency of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) was investigated by synthesizing electron transport-type hosts with different blocking groups.
Interleukin-1β released from macrophages stimulated with indium tin oxide nanoparticles induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in A549 cells
Authors: Tabei Yosuke , Yokota Kazumichi , Nakajima Yoshihiro
Published: March 2022

Indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles triggered the release of IL-1β from macrophages, followed by the significant induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in alveolar epithelial cells.
Activation of O2 over three-dimensional manganese oxide nanoprisms under ambient conditions towards oxidative removal of aqueous organics
Authors: Hao Zixuan , Bi Xiuru , Wang Xiaopei , Liu Xiang , Meng Xu
Published: March 2022

A three-dimensional OMS-2 catalyst was synthesized via a bimetallic-doping strategy and O2 could be activated over it under ambient conditions for oxidative degradation of aqueous organics.
Correlations between helicity and optical losses within general electromagnetic scattering theory
Authors: Lasa-Alonso Jon , Olmos-Trigo Jorge , García-Etxarri Aitzol , Molina-Terriza Gabriel
Published: March 2022

Helicity preserving nanostructures and metasurfaces have been proposed as candidates to enhance spectroscopic features of chiral molecules. With this in mind, we show that losses in the constituent materials impede the conservation of helicity in systems such as core–shells or inorganic chiral spheres.
Nickel ferrocyanides for aqueous ammonium ion batteries
Authors: Yu Haoxiang , Fan Leiyu , Yan Huihui , Deng Chenchen , Yan Lei , Shu Jie , Wang Zhen-Bo
Published: March 2022

The structure of Ni2Fe(CN)6 changes upon the introduction of sodium, leading to variations in the electrochemical performance for ammonium ion storage.
Selective synthesis and reactivity expansion of α,β-unsaturated geminal diazides
Authors: Chen Chen , Ge Jun , He Ling
Published: March 2022

α,β-Unsaturated gem-diazides were selectively obtained catalyzed by Yb(TfO)3 using α,β-unsaturated aldehydes as substrates and TMSN3 as a nitrogen source under mild and simple conditions in moderate yields without Schmidt and allylic rearrangement.
Metal ion determined self-assembly using terpyridine building blocks
Authors: Bai Qixia , Liu Ying , Wu Tun , Su Haoyue , Chen Gang , Guan Yuming , Wang Ming , Xie Ting-Zheng , Zhang Zhe , Wang Pingshan
Published: March 2022

Complexation between ligand and metal ions with strong binding ability (Co, Zn) afforded tetrameric cages, while trimeric cage can be achieved using weaker binding metal ion (Cd).
Co-Catalyzed C(sp3)–C(sp2) bond cleavageviahydrogen atom transfer
Authors: Zhou Bingqing , Tian Di , An Jinglin , Zhou Yalan , Yan Rui , Song Hao , Liu Xiao-Yu , Qin Yong
Published: March 2022

A new HAT-initiated C(sp3)–C(sp2) bond cleavage approach enabling the functionalization of alkenes to ketones is presented.
Reversible ammonia uptake at room temperature in a robust and tunable metal–organic framework
Authors: Lee Jaechul , Seo Younggyu , Kang Dong Won , Park Seungjae , Kim Hyunyong , Kim Jaheon , Kim Kimoon , Hong Chang Seop , Lim Dae-Woon , Lee Eunsung
Published: March 2022

Recyclable and tunable ammonia adsorption with JCM-1 and JCM-1(Cl−) at room temperature occurs reversibly without structural decomposition.
Plasma nitrogen fixation in the presence of a liquid interface: role of OH radicals
Authors: Gromov Mikhail , Leonova Kseniia , Britun Nikolay , De Geyter Nathalie , Morent Rino , Snyders Rony , Nikiforov Anton
Published: March 2022

NO oxidation pathways in the presence of a plasma/liquid interface were experimentally studied in a high field pulsed discharge at different repetition frequencies.
An artificial light-harvesting system based on the ESIPT–AIE–FRET triple fluorescence mechanism
Authors: Xiao Tangxin , Bao Cheng , Zhang Liangliang , Diao Kai , Ren Dongxing , Wei Chunxiang , Li Zheng-Yi , Sun Xiao-Qiang
Published: March 2022

A Schiff-base derived TPE dimer has been designed and synthesized, which could be further prepared as NPs in water with tunable emission and sensing ability controlled by an integration of fluorescence mechanisms including ESIPT, AIE, and FRET.
Emerging insights on effects of sharks and other top predators on coral reefs
Authors: Sandin Stuart A. , French Beverly J. , Zgliczynski Brian J.
Published: March 2022

Predation is ubiquitous on coral reefs. Among the most charismatic group of reef predators are the top predatory fishes, including sharks and large-bodied bony fishes. Despite the threat presented by top predators, data describing their realized effects on reef community structure and functioning are challenging to produce. Many innovative studies have capitalized on natural experimental conditions to explore predator effects on reefs. Gradients in predator density have been created by spatial patterning of fisheries management. Evidence of prey release has been observed across some reefs, namely that potential prey increase in density when predator density is reduced. While such studies search for evidence of prey release among broad groups or guilds of potential prey, a subset of studies have sought evidence of release at finer population levels. We find that some groups of fishes are particularly vulnerable to the effects of predators and more able to capitalize demographically when predator density is reduced. For example, territorial damselfish appear to realize reliable population expansion with the reduction in predator density, likely because their aggressive, defensive behavior makes them distinctly vulnerable to predation. Relatedly, individual fishes that suffer from debilitating conditions, such as heavy parasite loads, appear to realize relatively stronger levels of prey release with reduced predator density. Studying the effects of predators on coral reefs remains a timely pursuit, and we argue that efforts to focus on the specifics of vulnerability to predation among potential prey and other context-specific dimensions of mortality hold promise to expand our knowledge.
The Perception of Lexical Tone and Intonation in Whispered Speech by Mandarin-Speaking Congenital Amusics
Authors: Zhang Gaoyuan , Shao Jing , Zhang Caicai , Wang Lan
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

A fundamental feature of human speech is variation, including the manner of phonation, as exemplified in the case of whispered speech. In this study, we employed whispered speech to examine an unresolved issue about congenital amusia, a neurodevelopmental disorder of musical pitch processing, which also affects speech pitch processing such as lexical tone and intonation perception. The controversy concerns whether amusia is a pitch-processing disorder or can affect speech processing beyond pitch.

Method:

We examined lexical tone and intonation recognition in 19 Mandarin-speaking amusics and 19 matched controls in phonated and whispered speech, where fundamental frequency (
f
o
) information is either present or absent.

Results:

The results revealed that the performance of congenital amusics was inferior to that of controls in lexical tone identification in both phonated and whispered speech. These impairments were also detected in identifying intonation (statements/questions) in phonated and whispered modes. Across the experiments, regression models revealed that
f
o
and non-
f
o
(duration, intensity, and formant frequency) acoustic cues predicted tone and intonation recognition in phonated speech, whereas non-
f
o
cues predicted tone and intonation recognition in whispered speech. There were significant differences between amusics and controls in the use of both
f
o
and non-
f
o
cues.

Conclusion:

The results provided the first evidence that the impairments of amusics in lexical tone and intonation identification prevail into whispered speech and support the hypothesis that the deficits of amusia extend beyond pitch processing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19302275
The in situ origin of the globular cluster NGC 6388 from abundances of Sc, V, and Zn of a large sample of stars
Authors: Carretta Eugenio , Bragaglia Angela
Published: March 2022

Chemical tagging of globular clusters (GCs) is often done using abundances of α-elements. The iron-peak elements Sc, V, and in particular Zn were proposed as an alternative to α-elements to tag accreted GCs in the metal-rich regime, where the dwarf galaxy Sagittarius and its GCs show peculiarly marked under-abundances of these heavier species with respect to Milky Way stars. A handful of stars in NGC 6388 was used to suggest an accreted origin for this GC, contradicting the results from dynamics. We tested the efficiency of the iron-peak method by using large samples of stars in NGC 6388, compared to thousands of field stars in the disc and the bulge of the Milky Way. Our abundance ratios of Sc (185 stars) and V (35 stars) for NGC 6388 are within about 1.5σ from the average for the field stars with a similar metallicity, and they are in perfect agreement for Zn (31 stars), claimed to be the most sensitive element concerning the accretion pattern. Moreover, the chemo-dynamical plots, coupled to the bifurcated age-metallicity relation of GCs in the Galaxy, clearly rule out any association of NGC 6388 to the groups of accreted GCs. Using a large set of GC abundances from the literature, we also show that the new method with Sc, V, and Zn seems to be efficient in picking up GCs related to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. Whether this is also generally true for accreted GCs seems to be less evident, and it should be verified with larger and homogeneous samples of stars both in the field and in GCs.
Implementation of an AI ready BACS system in Treviso school with DCV (Demand Control Ventilation)
Authors: Magri Massimiliano , Padovan Francesco , Fabris Fabio , Michelin Sandro
Published: March 2022

The pandemic has highlighted the extreme importance of indoor air quality (IAQ). Especially in schools, so places that have always been critical for the spread of highly contagious viral diseases, IAQ is an increasingly necessary need. In the province of Treviso, a tailored system has been installed: there are both winter and summer air conditioning, plus AHU’s capable of guaranteeing the necessary air exchange to obtain a healthy level of the air inside the classrooms. The county also intends to replicate this experience in all schools of its territory and monitor the operation of these plants continuously. The important matter is not only to implement systems equipped with HRV (heat recovery ventilation), but also to equip them with automation and control systems capable of implementing an high automation standard according to EN 15232-1 and a high SRI or Smart Readiness Indicator defined by the EPBD III directive 844/2018. A high index ensures an implementation of a distributed intelligence system all over the plant, connected to the cloud and capable of extrapolating the physical variables, then processing them with ML (machine learning) and AI (artificial intelligence) techniques optimized for the HVAC algorithms. At the end, it is not enough to detect quantities such as EI (environmental index) but it is also necessary to process the data for the purposes of predictive maintenance and much more.
A zonal model for assessing the infection risk distribution of COVID-19 in indoor environments
Authors: Marigo Marco , Tognon Giacomo , De Carli Michele , Zarrella Angelo
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, the search for new solutions to the pandemic situation caused by the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most important issues worldwide. The difficulties encountered in finding an effective cure for the infection and the ongoing vaccination campaign place a priority on minimising the transmission of this disease. This paper deals exclusively with the airborne route of transmission for COVID-19, proposing a model for the evaluation of infection risk.

It starts from the well-known Wells-Riley model and its successive modifications and tries to couple it with a zonal model which analyses the air movement in an indoor environment. The objective of this model is evaluating whether the infection risk depends considerably on the position of the infected subject and the susceptible person in the room and how different ventilation concepts affect these aspects.

The model was applied to an office room with a mixing ventilation system. The results obtained concern the sub-division of the considered volume in four cells, each one perfectly mixed. The evaluation of infection risk in different positions was carried out and an analysis on the parameters affecting this value was performed.
Test Procedures of Mobile Air Cleaning Devices - First Experiences and Results
Authors: Friebe Christian , Krause Ralph , Heidenreich Ralf , Holfeld Stefan , Rosenbaum Hanes , Hackeschmidt Karsten , Gruttner Rebekka
Published: March 2022

The pandemic spread of the SARS-CoV2 viruses is leading to the use of new ventilation concepts in Europe. One of these options is the usage of Mobile Air Cleaning Devices. These are used as an alternative to central HVAC-systems (Heating-, Ventilation- and Air Conditioning-systems) and reduce the load of pathogens in the room. However, there are still no consistent methods for evaluating the performances of such devices. Thatswhy the effect on the pathogens, the benefit to the room, and the influence thereof on the room occupants are nearly unknown.This paper presents the measurements and results of different devices in the range of 500 m³/h to 1500 m³/h and beyond. Attention is given to the applied methods to define the different characteristics. Specifically, the parameters of volumetric flow rate, electrical power consumption, sound power, separation efficiency, effect on pathogens, room air flow, draught risk, and effects in the room show the need for development.
Comparative study of purifications technologies and their application to HVAC systems
Authors: Truffo Davide , Peña Suarèz Josè Miguel , Bandera Cantalejo Juan , Gonzalez Muriano Marìa Del Carmen , Garcias Vacas Francisco , Fernandez Hernàndez Francisco
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, there is a growing demand to guarantee indoor air quality in buildings. This study presents a solution that combines hygrothermal control and purification of the air supplied to occupied spaces, in which the control and purification system is integrated into the air distribution ductwork. Among all the air purification technologies, not all of them are suitable to be used in the residential and tertiary sector along with already installed HVAC systems. In this study, a review of the state of the art of technologies is made and the major purification techniques are analysed and compared, i.e., negative ionization, ozone, ultraviolet light, photocatalytic oxidation, and high-efficiency filtration. The comparison is focused on key aspects such as the use with occupation, whether there is a biocide or not, whether it can be used with HVAC units, costs, and maintenance. Finally, an effective and viable purification solution for HVAC systems is presented. It consists of a compact device based on the ionization technology. An ionizer device is placed in the air in-take of ducted HVAC units that is capable of remotely controlling the main operating parameters of the HVAC equipment (switching on and off, operating mode, fan speed, and setpoint temperature) while reducing the suspension time of fine particles in the air. Various studies carried out in Airzone laboratories have empirically shown that the use of this device results in a 47% reduction in the maximum concentration of particulate matter of 2.5 µm or PM2.5 and up to a 55% reduction of the time these particles are suspended in the air.
Tiled roofs air permeability: experimental and numerical investigation
Authors: Baccega Eleonora , Bottarelli Michele , Zannoni Giovanni
Published: March 2022

The construction sector accounts for more than one-third of the global energy consumption. Ventilated roofs and facades are among the adopted strategies to improve the efficiency of the building envelope: air flowing in cavities under the cladding layer, in fact, is particularly effective in hot summers for the reduction of the incoming heat flow due to solar radiation. Regarding roofs, satisfying results were obtained through the realization of a 5-10 cm air gap under the covering layer which allows better thermal performances of the roof and a reduction of the energy consumption for air conditioning. Although most of products and techniques applied are based on the assumption that air enters only from the eaves line and exits at the ridge one, it is demonstrated that in case of discontinuous mantles, a great contribution derives from air entering from the overlaps. As a matter of fact, air entering from the eaves line is strictly dependent on the wind direction and benefits are evident only when the wind is perpendicular. In all the other cases, buoyancy forces due to air heating under the mantle cannot provide such a consistent contribution. Tiles overlaps’ air permeability allows the wind to enter from multiple directions with consequent greater ventilation of the substrate. Experimental research regarding the performances of pitched tiled roofs was conducted at the TekneHub laboratory of the University of Ferrara and the results are here presented. The tests carried out aimed at investigating the behaviour of different configurations of tiled roofs both from a thermal and an energetic point of view. Three configurations were compared: one was a completely sealed roof (sealed), one had sealed eaves and ridge lines but unsealed tiles overlaps (laid) and the last one was a ventilated roof (vented). The comparison between the sealed and the ventilated roof confirmed the improvement of the performances when in presence of an air cavity. The ventilated roof was then compared to the laid roof to assess the actual contribution of the air permeability of the tiles, and results clearly showed a great contribution, even in case of low wind.
Bildung meint Transformation und Transgression
Authors: Valtl Karlheinz
Published: March 2022

Der Beitrag reflektiert die Entstehungssituation des Begriffs Sexuelle Bildung und betont seine Genese aus der Praxis heraus.
Zur Thematisierung von Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in medizinisch- therapeutischen, gesundheitsbezogenen und pädagogischen Studiengängen und Berufsausbildungen
Authors: Böhm Maika , Voß Heinz-Jürgen
Published: March 2022

Einleitung Obwohl die Themen Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit vermehrt öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit erfahren und sich relevante juristische wie auch medizinische Regelungen in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend wandeln, wurden deren Vorkommen und Thematisierungsweise in Ausbildungs- und Studiengängen, die für eine spätere Berufstätigkeit „nah am Menschen“ qualifizieren, bislang nicht untersucht.

Forschungsziele Die Studie „Entwicklung von Vorschlägen für die curriculare Fortentwicklung der Ausbildungs- und Studiengänge von Sozial- und Gesundheitsberufen zur Integration von Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in die Bildungslehrpläne“ (CuFoTI) analysiert in zwölf ausgewählten Bildungsgängen, ob und in welchem Maß Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in den Curricula thematisiert werden und ob die Darstellungen dem aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Sachstand entsprechen.

Methoden Auf Grundlage eines im ersten Schritt verfassten Sachstands für die Bereiche Recht, Medizin, Psychologie und Soziale Arbeit/Beratung wurden im zweiten Schritt Suchbegriffe generiert und in inhaltlich differenzierte Kriterien überführt, um die Modulkataloge, Curricula und Lehrpläne der zwölf Bildungsgänge computergestützt mittels Maxqda bzgl. der Thematisierungsweisen von Inter- und Transgeschlechtlichkeit zu analysieren. In einem dritten Schritt wurden ausgewählte Lehrmaterialien hinsichtlich ihrer Aktualität und Differenziertheit geprüft.

Ergebnisse Die Studie zeigt, dass die Themen Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in den untersuchten Ausbildungs- und Studiengängen bislang kaum eine Rolle spielen. In weiten Teilen wird in dem analysierten Material keine geschlechtersensible Sprache genutzt. Während im Studium der Sozialen Arbeit und im Lehramtsstudium zumindest allgemein geschlechtliche Vielfalt, zudem in größerem Maß dem Sachstand entsprechend, thematisiert wird, ist dies in therapeutischen bzw. gesundheitsbezogenen Ausbildungen/Studiengängen deutlich seltener.

Schlussfolgerung Es fehlt weiterhin an konsistenten Curricula, in denen die Bedarfe von trans- und intergeschlechtlichen Personen fokussiert, aktuelle Debatten und Veränderungen der rechtlichen und medizinischen Rahmenbedingungen aufgegriffen und fachspezifische Ableitungen getroffen werden.
Die Umsetzung neuer Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden in die
vertragsärztliche Kollektivversorgung und in die privatärztliche
ambulante Versorgung
Authors: Walendzik Anke , Abels Carina , Wasem Jürgen
Published: March 2022

Ziel der Studie Hauptziel der Studie ist der Vergleich der
frühesten Erstattungszeitpunkte neuer Untersuchungs- und
Behandlungsmethoden (NUB) in der ambulanten GKV-Versorgung und der
PKV-Versorgung.

Methodik Im Rahmen der Erstattung im GKV System wurde auf die
Beschlüsse und weitergehende Dokumentation des G-BA und des
Bewertungsausschusses zurückgegriffen. Für die Erstattung im PKV
System wurden Beschlüsse der einschlägigen Organe, wie bspw. des
Zentralen Konsultationsausschusses für Gebührenordnungsfragen,
aber auch Ausarbeitungen der Ärztekammer Nordrhein und des
GOÄ-Arbeitskreise des PKV-Verbands herangezogen. Aufgreifkriterium waren
einschlägige Beschlüsse des G-BA der Jahre 2010 bis 2019.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 17 Einzelbeschlüsse, zwei aus mehreren
Einzelbeschlüssen bestehenden Beschlussreihen sowie Regelungen zur
Erstattung von Companion Diagnostics einbezogen. Es ergaben sich
unterschiedliche Zeitabstände zwischen Verfahrensbeginn und Eingang der
neuen Methode in die GKV-Versorgung (14 bis 216 Monate). Gleichzeitig zeigt die
Untersuchung, dass bei einem Großteil der betrachteten Methoden die
Erstattung in der PKV früher möglich war als in der GKV. Es
zeigte sich weiterhin bei fünf Methoden eine potenzielle
einzelvertragsbedingte Einschränkung der Erstattung in der PKV, aber in
zwei Fällen auch die Erstattung durch die PKV bei für die im
Verfahrensergebnis des G-BA ausgeschlossenen Leistungen.

Schlussfolgerung Die untersuchten NUB wurden in der Regel früher,
teilweise erheblich früher in der PKV erstattet. Die frühere
Erstattung durch die PKV impliziert jedoch auch ein Risiko, auch Leistungen zu
erstatten, die vom G-BA im weiteren Verlauf als ohne medizinischen Nutzen
bewertet werden. Legt man die Bewertung des G-BA als Maßstab zugrunde,
könnte hiermit eine Verringerung der Kosteneffektivität der
Versorgung und im Einzelfalle ein Patientenschaden durch Über- oder
Fehlversorgung entstehen. Es besteht ein Spannungsfeld zwischen frühem
Zugang zu NUB (gerade bei sehr langer Dauer des G-BA Verfahrens) und (Kosten-)
Effektivität und Sicherung der Versorgungsqualität.
Relevance of polyp size for primary endoscopic full-thickness resection of suspected T1 colorectal cancers
Authors: Didden Paul , van Eijck van Heslinga Rixta A. H. , Schwartz Matthijs P. , Arensman L. R. , Vleggaar Frank P. , de Graaf Wilmar , Koch Arjun D. , Doukas Michael , Lacle Miangela M. , Moons Leon M. G.
Published: March 2022

Background En bloc local excision of suspected T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) provides optimal tumor risk assessment with curative intent. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) with an over-the-scope device has emerged as a local excision technique for T1 CRCs, but data on the upper size limit for achieving a histological complete (R0) resection are lacking. We aimed to determine the influence of polyp size on the R0 rate.

Methods eFTR procedures for suspected T1 CRCs performed between 2015 and 2021 were selected from the endoscopy databases of three tertiary centers. The main outcome was R0 resection, defined as tumor- and dysplasia-free margins (≥ 0.1 mm) for both the deep and lateral resection margins. Regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for R1/Rx resection, mainly focusing on endoscopically estimated polyp size.

Results 136 patients underwent eFTR for suspected T1 CRC (median size 15 mm [IQR 13–18 mm]; 83.1 % cancer). The rates of technical success and R0 resection were 87.5 % (119/136; 95 %CI 80.9 %–92.1 %) and 79.7 % (106/136; 95 %CI 72.1 %–85.7 %), respectively. Increasing polyp size was significantly associated with R1/Rx resection (risk ratio 2.35 per 5-mm increase, 95 %CI 1.80–3.07; P < 0.001). The R0 rate was 89.9 % (80/89) for polyps ≤ 15 mm, 71.4 % (25/35) for 16–20 mm, and 11.1 % (1/9) for those > 20 mm.

Conclusions eFTR is associated with a 90 % R0 rate for T1 CRCs of ≤ 15 mm. Performing eFTR for polyps 16–20 mm should depend on access, their mobility, and the availability of alternative resection techniques. eFTR for > 20-mm polyps results in a high R1 rate and should not be recommended.
Leukocyte-rich and Leukocyte-poor Platelet-rich Plasma in Rotator
Cuff Repair: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Yundong , Guanglan Wang , Jia Shaohui , Zheng Cheng
Published: March 2022

To systematically review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compared the
effects of leukocyte-rich and leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma in
arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Two independent reviewers comprehensively
searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases according to the
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
Comparison of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma or leukocyte-poor
platelet-rich plasma in rotator cuff repair in a level I RCTs. Methodological
quality assessment was carried out using Cochrane Review Manager 5.3 software.
P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Nine RCTs with 540
patients were included in this review. Meta-analysis showed that leukocyte-poor
platelet-rich plasma in significantly reduced retear rate in rotator cuff repair
[RR=0.56 95% CI (0.42, 0.75); P<0.05), and in clinical
results, the constant score [MD=3.67, 95% CI (1.62, 5.73);
P=0.0005], UCLA score [MD=1.60, 95% CI (0.79, 2.42);
P=0.0001], ASES score [MD=2.16, 95% CI (0.12, 4.20);
P=0.04] were significantly improved. There was a significant result in
favor of PRP for the Constant score [MD=−1.24, 95% CI
(−1.50, −0.99); P<0.00001], while SST scores were not
significantly different among all groups [MD=0.21, 95% CI
(−0.21, 0.64); P=0.32]. In conclusion, leukocyte-poor
platelet-rich plasma can improved the clinical function and reduced retear rate
in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. In contrast, the efficacy of leukocyte-rich
platelet-rich plasma was not significantly improved with the exception of VAS
score.
Pericardial–Esophageal Fistula: A Rare but Increasing Complication of Cardiac Ablation
Authors: Sylvin Erik A. , Jassar Arminder S. , Kucharczuk John C. , Vallabhajosyula Prashanth
Published: March 2022

Pericardial–esophageal fistula and/or atrial–esophageal fistula after cardiac ablation is nearly universally fatal if not detected and treated expeditiously. This condition should be assumed and ruled out in anyone with a recent history of cardiac ablation presenting with signs of sepsis, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, or chest pain. Computed tomography scan of the chest is a rapid and a sensitive diagnostic modality. Tenets of treatment and repair consist of preventing an air embolism, repairing the esophageal perforation and atrial defect, and interposing autologous tissue between the esophagus and heart.
The Value of Terminal Ileum Intubation During Colonoscopy
Authors: Alkhalidi Nawal , Alrubaie Abdulhadi , Rezqallah Raed Esttaifan , Kenber Maitham
Published: March 2022

It is uncertain whether terminal ileum intubation should be performed routinely during colonoscopy, as there is uncertainty regarding its diagnostic value. The aim of the present study is to assess the diagnostic yield of terminal ileum intubation during colonoscopy according to indications for colonoscopy. This is a cross-sectional study in which the results of 294 total colonoscopy procedures were reviewed; ileal intubation was performed in 269 (91.49%) patients. The indications for colonoscopy, the results of ileoscopy, and the histopathological results of ileal biopsies were evaluated.

A total of 54 (20%) out of 269 patients who had successful intubation into the terminal ileum showed macroscopic abnormalities on the terminal ileum. Biopsies were positive in 4 out of 54 (7.4%); all were of Crohn disease. Two were erosions (9.5%.) and 2 were ulcers (18.8%). The two erosions were presented as abdominal pain, abdominal pain and alternating bowel motion. Those with ulcers were presented with diarrhea and perianal disease.

Conclusions Considering the low diagnostic yield of ileal intubation during colonoscopy, the decision to perform ileoscopy or not during colonoscopy needs to be made on a case-by-case basis. However, routine ileal intubation, brief attempts should be considered despite low diagnostic yield.
Therapeutics in Radiation-induced Proctopathy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Omer Nathália Nascentes Coelho dos Santos , Araujo Ivana Duval de , Cruz Geraldo Magela Gomes da , Rodrigues Fábio Gontijo
Published: March 2022

Malignant neoplasms are increasingly prevalent in the daily clinical practice. Up to 61% of patients with pelvic malignancies undergo pelvic radiotherapy in different doses, which may cause intestinal damage, and the rectum is the segment most frequently affected due to its fixed position in the pelvis. Currently, there are several strategies to minimize the effects of radiation on the tissues surrounding the neoplastic site; despite those strategies, radiotherapy can still result in serious damage to organs and structures, and these injuries accompany patients throughout their lives. One of the most common damages resulting from pelvic radiotherapy is acute proctitis.The diagnosis is confirmed by visualizing the rectal mucosa through rigid or flexible rectosigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. The objective of the present study was to review the forms of radiation-induced proctopathytherapy, and to evaluate the results of each method to propose a standardization for the treatment of this pathology. Despite the prevalence of radiation-induced proctopathy, there is no definitive standardized treatment strategy so far. The first approach can be tried with local agents, such as mesalazine and formalin. For refractory cases, control can usually be achieved with argon plasma coagulation, hyperbaric oxygen, and radiofrequency ablation therapies. Regarding the study of radiation-induced proctopathy, there is a lack of robust studies with large samples and standardized therapies to be compared. There is a lack of double-blinded, randomized controlled studies to determine a definitive standard treatment algorithm.
Non-Surgical Approach to Correct Skeletal Open-Bite Malocclusion in an Adult Patient Using Third Molar Intrusion Mechanics: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Hirji Saima Nizar
Published: March 2022

Paradigm is shifting in the orthodontic world with the introduction of mini screw type of temporary anchorage devices (TADs). This clinical report shows treatment and 3-year retention results of nonsurgical and extraction treatment in a 34-year-old female patient treated with maxillary molar intrusion mechanics and habit control. After 24 months of active orthodontic treatment, splendid outcomes were achieved. She presented with a chief complaint of problems in biting from her front teeth. She has a Class II skeletal and dental relationship with increased vertical proportions. Control of vertical dimension and producing autorotation of mandible were the key reasons to reduce facial convexity and improvement in profile. Treatment effects of 5 degrees of autorotation of mandible and 4 mm of maxillary molar intrusion were produced to correct pre-treatment anterior open bite of 5 mm. Based on available clinical evidence, we suggest that TADs with composite buttons on molars can be used as a valuable tool to intrude molars including wisdom teeth, and help correct the skeletal open-bite with good control without buccal tipping.
Underdamped longitudinal soft modes in ionic crystallites—lattice and charge motions observed by ultrafast x-ray diffraction
Authors: Gonzalez-Vallejo Isabel , Koç Azize , Reimann Klaus , Woerner Michael , Elsaesser Thomas
Published: March 2022

Soft modes in crystals are lattice vibrations with frequencies that decrease and eventually vanish as the temperature approaches a critical point, e.g., a structural change due to a phase transition. In ionic para- or ferroelectric materials, the frequency decrease is connected with a diverging electric susceptibility and, for infrared active modes, a strong increase in oscillator strength. The traditional picture describes soft modes as overdamped transverse optical phonons of a hybrid vibrational-electronic character. In this context, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4, KDP) has been studied for decades as a prototypical material with, however, inconclusive results regarding the soft modes in its para- and ferroelectric phase. There are conflicting assignments of soft-mode frequencies and damping parameters. We report the first observation of a longitudinal underdamped soft mode in paraelectric KDP. Upon impulsive femtosecond Raman excitation of coherent low-frequency phonons in the electronic ground state of KDP crystallites, transient powder diffraction patterns are recorded with femtosecond hard x-ray pulses. Electron density maps derived from the x-ray data reveal oscillatory charge relocations over interatomic distances, much larger than the sub-picometer nuclear displacements, a direct hallmark of soft-mode behavior. The strongly underdamped character of the soft mode manifests in charge oscillations persisting for more than 10 ps. The soft-mode frequency decreases from 0.55 THz at T = 295 K to 0.39 THz at T = 175 K. An analysis of the Raman excitation conditions in crystallites and the weak damping demonstrate a longitudinal character. Our results extend soft-mode physics well beyond the traditional picture and pave the way for an atomic-level characterization of soft modes.
Surface dynamics of glasses
Authors: Tian Houkuan , Xu Quanyin , Zhang Haiyang , Priestley Rodney D. , Zuo Biao
Published: March 2022

Two challenging scientific disciplines, i.e., the physics of glasses [Anderson, Science 267, 1615 (1995); Kennedy and Norman, Science 309, 75 (2005)] and interface chemistry [Sanders, 125 Questions: Exploration and Discovery (Science/AAAS, 2021); Yates and Campbell, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108, 911 (2011)], converge in research on the dynamics of glass surfaces. In recent decades, studies have revealed that glasses exhibit profound alterations in their dynamics within nanometers of interfaces. Rather, at the free surfaces of glassy materials with arrested bulk dynamics, a highly mobile ultrathin layer is present, wherein molecular mobility is much faster than in the bulk. Enhanced surface mobility has become an important scientific concept and is intrinsic and universal to various categories of glasses (e.g., molecular, metallic, and polymeric glasses), thus having technological implications for processing and applications of glasses. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the historical evolution of the concept, characterization, theoretical modeling, and unique features of dynamics at the surfaces of glasses. Additionally, this paper also illustrates potential advantages of incorporating this concept into designing improved materials with extraordinary properties. We hope this review article will contribute to the current understanding of the unique surface dynamics of glassy materials.
Language and identity
Authors: Bourgerie Dana Scott
Published: March 2022

This paper is a socio-linguistic report of Veun Sai, a small Cambodian village in the Northeastern province of Ratanakiri near the border of Laos and Vietnam. The village is located in a multi-lingual context where Hakka Chinese, Khmer, and Laotian are spoken side-by-side and each language has a distinct role. Hence, the Veun Sai Chinese village is in fact a multi-cultural village bound together by a Chinese thread. This paper provides background on Chinese communities Cambodia historically and considers issues of identity relevant to Sino-Cambodians generally. The report is based on short interviews with 20 residents.
Testing the pedagogical norm
Authors: Winter Tatjana , Le Foll Elen
Published: March 2022

English as a foreign language (EFL) textbooks typically present a prescriptive typology of three or four conditional types. We examine the extent to which this long-established English Language Teaching (ELT) typology is reflected in four varieties of English by comparing the forms and functions of four samples of 620if-conditionals from French school EFL textbooks (TEC-Fr), French L1 Learner English (OpenCLC-Fr), Web English (EnTenTen15-S) and British English (BNC-S). The ELT typology accounts for considerably less than half ofif-sentences in the reference data. Even in the EFL textbooks, only 57% ofif-conditionals match the typology explicitly taught in their grammar sections. For many formal and functional features, the learner data sits halfway between the distributions of the textbook and reference data. We conclude that the ELT typology needs to be adapted to provide a more representative account ofif-conditionals that focuses on L1 and L2 usage and meaning over form.
Viva la libertà!
Authors: Kienpointner Manfred
Published: March 2022

Few of the central concepts of political discourse are as controversial as “freedom”/“liberty”. However, although “freedom” definitely belongs to the so-called “essentially contested concepts”, even “a contested concept has an uncontested core” (Lakoff 2006: 23–24). This uncontested core can be described as the core meaning of language-specific lexemes such as Englishfreedom, liberty, GermanFreiheit, Frenchlibertéor Italianlibertà. The core meaning can be established as the common ground underlying all more specific controversial uses and definitions.

Within political discourse, the context-specific uses of these lexemes can be described as persuasive definitions, that is, as instances of strategic maneuvering (cf.van Eemeren 2010), which try to establish one’s own use of these words as the politically dominant one and the one most widespread in the media.

With this theoretical background in mind, I would like to provide an overview of howlibertàis persuasively defined and strategically used within contemporary Italian political discourse. In order to do this, I have compiled a small corpus of party programs, political speeches, interviews, newspaper editorials and posts. From this empirical basis a list of argumentative strategies concerning explicit and implicit definitions oflibertàwill be compiled and critically evaluated.
Prescribed argumentation, actual argumentation, reported argumentation
Authors: Casillo Ilaria , Doury Marianne
Published: March 2022

This article starts from the observation that, in order to ensure their legitimacy, the modes of governance in
place in most Western democracies make more room for citizen participation in decision-making processes. The result is the
implementation of various participatory mechanisms, many of which seek to stimulate a citizen’s argumentative expression. Based on
a case study (the public debate on a gold mine project in French Guiana), we observe the norms that govern such participation
processes and their implementation in the argumentative exchanges.