bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O inkluzywnej teorii kwantyfikacji
Authors: Nowicki Andrzej
Published: April 2023

The first part of this paper presents the fundations and some properties of the inclusive theory of quantification and analyses the relationship between inclusive and standard quantification theory. Some arguments concerning application of the inclusive theory instead of the standard theory have been discussed too. The second part of the article presents some versions of the inclusive theory of quantification formulated by: Mostowski (1951), Hailperin (1953), Quine (1954), Meyer and Lambert (1968).
In the third part, a new conception of the inclusive theory of predicates has been presented. This conception is based, analogically to Meyer and Lambert theory, on the idea of undersignating names the first-order language. Four consequence relations have been semantically defined, and the way, how the fundations concerning realizing in the domain of individual names condition the form of the quantification theory has been presented. The discussed consequence relations have been axiomatically characterized. The only difference between the axiomatics is the way of dealing with the formulas of the following type: ∀xα –> α [x/t] where t is the name (term) of the first-order language.
O poprawności logicznej definicji wyraźnych
Authors: Ginisti Jean Pierre
Published: April 2023

Nous nous proposons d'examiner certaines proprietes souvent exigees des definitions, principalement celles d'être éliminables et non créatrices, á'travers différents objectifs qu on poursuit en définissant. Bien que les langues naturelles fassent usage de definition, nos développements auront pour axe la notion telle que les systemes formels la connaissent sous le nom de "definition explicite" ou "directe". Encore qu' il s agisse d'une rationalisation du sens le plus courant, comme nous le verrons, nous ne voulons pas faire entendre qu eile recolt la son vrai sens - si du moins on comprenait quelle rend les autres hors d usage - mais son emploi le plus codifié.
Wyposażenie wnętrz mieszkaniowych modernistycznych osiedli łódzkich na przykładzie osiedla im. Montwiłła-Mireckiego i tzw. Kolonii Spółdzielców
Authors: Ozaist-Przybyła Anna
Published: April 2023

Gdy budynki zaprojektowane przez modernistycznych architektów zasiedlają przedstawiciele inteligencji – urzędnicy, lekarze, nauczyciele – w zakresie wyposażenia wnętrz oczekuje się współbrzmienia z charakterem budynków, a zatem w modernistycznych blokach czy domach mebli również nowoczesnych. Temat mieszkań „zwykłych ludzi” z okresu międzywojennego jest niełatwym obszarem badawczym, gdyż możliwość poznania ich wyposażenia dają najczęściej jedynie nielicznie zachowane zdjęcia, często pozostające w rękach prywatnych. Na ternie Polski rzadkością jest kontynuacja zamieszkania od okresu przedwojennego przez pokolenia tej samej rodziny. Taka sytuacja miała miejsce w omawianych zespołach: na osiedlu im. Montwiłła-Mireckiego (1928–1933) oraz w domach dwurodzinnych Spółdzielni Pracowników Zarządu Miejskiego (1927–1931), gdzie – mimo okresu wysiedlenia – po II wojnie światowej większość (około 80%) przedwojennych mieszkańców powróciła do swoich lokali. Dzięki temu w niektórych wnętrzach zachowały się elementy dawnego wyposażenia oraz pamięć ich pochodzenia. Analiza zgromadzonych zdjęć wyposażenia mieszkań, a także pojedynczych zachowanych do współczesności mebli z tych wnętrz uświadamia, że przeważająca była tendencja do zachowawczych form, czasem nawiązujących luźno do stylów historycznych. Rzadko pojawiają się nowocześniejsze elementy wyposażenia wnętrza, a i te trafiają w „swojskie” otoczenie. Jak się wydaje, przyczyną tego stanu rzeczy nie był ani brak mebli o nowoczesnych formach na rynku, ani brak dostępu do wiedzy o tych formach (propagowanej w ówczesnej prasie fachowej i popularnej), ani też niemożność konsultacji ze specjalistami z zakresu projektowania wnętrz. Niewątpliwie wpływ na to miał ogólnoświatowy kryzys gospodarczy, który nastąpił w okresie zasiedlania badanych mieszkań, ale też istotna była kwestia powoli zmieniającego się gustu lokatorów.
Współczesne meble z Jasienicy w kontekście mody na styl skandynawski w meblarstwie polskim
Authors: Kozina Irma
Published: April 2023

Przedmiotem rozważań autorki artykułu jest ukształtowanie się pojęcia „design skandynawski” i jego wpływ na wzornictwo polskie od późnych lat 50. XX wieku po czasy współczesne. We wstępnej części tekstu poddano analizie działalność firmy Finmar, prowadzonej po wojnie przez Paula Stemanna, która przyczyniła się do wypromowania określenia „design skandynawski”, popularyzując wyroby krajów nordyckich na rynkach Europy Zachodniej oraz w Stanach Zjednoczonych. W kolejnej części tekstu przedstawiono rozwój współpracy szwedzkiej firmy IKEA z producentami i projektantami polskimi, uznając działania Ingvara Kamprada za ważny element w zakresie rozpowszechnienia w Polsce skandynawskiej stylistyki meblarstwa. Jako współczesną kontynuację mody na skandynawski minimalizm w meblarstwie polskim zaprezentowano działania dwojga projektantów: Jadwigi Husarskiej-Sobiny oraz Tomasza Rygalika, którzy realizowali swoje projekty we współpracy z firmą Paged Meble SA, dysponującą obecnie zasobami dawnej Fabryki Mebli Giętych w Jasienicy.
Los fundamentos sociales de la arquitectura monumental del Periodo Inicial en el valle de Lurín
Authors: Burger Richard L.
Published: April 2023

La arquitectura monumental es una de las características más notables de las sociedades complejas en el mundo. Como veremos más adelante, el término se emplea para designar a una variedad de edificaciones que habrían tenido funciones y significados completamente diferentes para sus usuarios originales. Debe señalarse que, en el nivel más básico, toda arquitectura monumental es meramente el resultado de los esfuerzos constructivos efectuados por una población durante un periodo de tiempo específico, con el propósito de alcanzar uno o más objetivos. Ni la amplitud del lapso de tiempo invertido para levantar un monumento, ni su función y significado últimos son implicados por el término «arquitectura monumental»
Comparaciones y contrastes entre la Costa Sur y la Costa Central del Perú
Authors: Silverman Helaine
Published: April 2023

El surgimiento de sociedades complejas tanto en la costa central, como en la costa y sierra norte del Perú, ha sido registrado desde el Precerámico Tardío (Moseley 1975; Donnan 1985 ínter alía); sin embargo, es sorprendente que las sociedades de la costa sur hayan demorado aproximadamente dos mil años o más para alcanzar niveles de integración social, política y económica comparables. En este artículo analizamos la prehistoria de esta región durante el Periodo Formativo, utilizando los escasos datos disponibles para delinear y explicar su historia cultural, a la vez que señalamos los problemas principales y los vacíos aún presentes en el testimonio arqueológico. Por último, establecemos comparaciones con la costa central y, específicamente, con el valle de Lurín. Estos paralelos son útiles para resaltar las semejanzas y las diferencias en la evolución cultural de ambas áreas. No obstante, antes de adentrarnos en esta problemática, consideramos necesario definir los dos términos principales involucrados en la discusión: costa sur y Formativo.
La co-pertenencia entre hermenéutica, diálogo e interculturalidad
Authors: López Soria José Ignacio
Published: April 2023

Que la hermenéutica, el diálogo y la interculturalidad se co-pertenezcan no significa, sin embargo, que la interpretación, la escucha atenta del otro y la convivencia de lo diverso se confundan entre sí. Cada una de estas prácticas, como los conceptos que se corresponden con ellas, tiene su propia historia, y es justamente la diversidad de historias y procedencias lo que enriquece el encuentro, ensanchando y profundizando el horizonte de significación y haciendo de ese encuentro, creo yo, un evento histórico-filosóficamente significativo de nuestro tiempo
Remarks on Art and Truth
Authors: Rockmore Tom
Published: April 2023

The death of Joseph Margolis inspired this special issue. Joe, as he was fondly known, was a towering figure whose work influenced several fields of philosophy for nearly seven decades, beginning in the 1950s. Though he is perhaps best known for his work in aesthetics, which we honour here, he contributed to nearly every discipline and subfield of philosophy, from metaphysics to philosophy of language, and from philosophy of medicine to feminist philosophy.
Body Mass Index in Women is Related to Eating Behaviour, Addictive Eating and Depression
Authors: GÖBEL Pınar , ŞAFAK ERBAĞ Begüm Defne
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the eating behaviour, food addiction and depression status in women with different body mass indexes. Participants included 951 adult women whose BMI ranged from 14.9 kg/m2 to 55.8 kg/m2. In the study, general characteristics of the participants and their eating habits were asked, their anthropometric measurements were requested, and the “Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ)”, “Addiction-Like Eating Behaviour Scale (AEBS)” and “Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)” questions were asked. It was determined that the mean age of the participants was 31.4±7.7 years, and the body mass index of 53.0% was within the normal range. 86.6% of the participants stated that their emotional state affects their eating habits. A statistically significant correlation was determined between the DEBQ and its subscales, AEBS and BDI scores of BMI classes (F(4,914)=13.043; 36.234; 5.386; 36.505; 31.070; 15.388, P
Hálózatalapú modell- és adatredukciós módszer
Authors: Kosztyán Zsolt Tibor
Published: April 2023

A hálózatelemzés új távlatokat nyit az adatelemzés területén. Az adatpontokat csomópontokként és a közöttük lévő kapcsolatokat élekként ábrázolva „adathálózatot” kapunk, amellyel megnyílik a lehetőség az exponenciálisan fejlődő hálózatos elemzés eszköztárának alkalmazására is. Tanulmányomban egy új, hálózatalapú modell- és adatredukciós módszer létrehozását javaslom, amely egy olyan, nem paraméteres eljárás, amely modellredukció esetében megadja a látens változók, adatredukció esetében pedig a klasztercentrumok számát. A kialakított módszer robusztus, mivel képes kevés megfigyelés alapján is meghatározni a változócsoportokat, illetve kevés változó alapján az adatcsoportokat. A javasolt módszer alkalmazható szimmetrikus és aszimmetrikus változó- és adat-távolságmértékek esetén is. A módszert szimulált és valós adatokon is tesztelem. Az elkészült módszer R-programnyelvben validált csomagként is elérhető.
Quantifying Transcriptome Diversity: A Review
Authors: Jones Emma , Haldar Anisha , Oza Vishal , Lasseigne Brittany
Published: April 2023

Following the central dogma of molecular biology, gene expression heterogeneity can aid in predicting and explaining the wide variety of protein products, functions, and, ultimately, heterogeneity in phenotypes. There is currently overlapping terminology used to describe the types of diversity in gene expression profiles, and overlooking these nuances can misrepresent important biological information. Here, we describe transcriptome diversity as a measure of the heterogeneity in 1) the expression of all genes within a sample or a single gene across samples in a population (gene-level diversity) or 2) the isoform-specific expression of a given gene (isoform-level diversity). We first overview modulators and quantification of transcriptome diversity at the gene level. Then, we discuss the role alternative splicing plays in driving transcript isoform-level diversity and how it can be quantified. Additionally, we overview computational resources for calculating gene-level and isoform-level diversity for high-throughput sequencing data. Finally, we discuss future applications of transcriptome diversity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how gene expression diversity arises, and how measuring it determines a more complete picture of heterogeneity across proteins, cells, tissues, organisms, and species.
Biodegradable Wet Wipes from Palm Fiber Combined with Extract from Palm Leaves as Antibacterical Agent
Authors: Fadilah Fadilah , Ningtyas Divanda Sekar Rahayu , Dewi Audrey Vista Candra , Krisnawati Anita Budi , Putra Reyza Fachrezy
Published: April 2023

Palm fibers waste as the side-product from palm oil process can potentially be used as raw material for making green (biodegradable) wet wipes. It is proven that palm fiber contains cellulose by 87,3% of the results of cellulose analysis. Palm leaves are considered sufficiently as antibacterical agent due to containing the high-concentration polyphenol. This research aims to comprehend to process making wet wipes from palm fiber, then be combined with palm leaves extract as antibacterical agent. Pulp, made from palm fiber, is separated to two parts, with-bleaching sample and unbleaching sample.  bleaching sample needs three times bleaching with 120 mL H2O2 with a constan temperature of 70oC. The results of tissues with bleaching are stronger because the lignin content is reduced so that it is easy to bond with each other. The best bleaching tissue samples were obtained from the 7th experiment with a composition of 60 g palm fiber, 1,5 g tapioca, 1 g of PVA, 3 g chitosan, 10 mL of VCO. The characteristics of this bleaching tissue are bound cellulose, flexible textured paper, smooth texture, stronger when exposed to water, can absorb ethanol. This biodegradables wet wipes pH test obtained 2 results, namely with pH paper and Ph meters of 7 and 7,29, respectively. Biodegradable wet wipes irritation test conducted on 4 volunteers showed no signs of irritation. 

Keywords:

Palm Fiber, Wet Wipes,  Biodegradable, Antibacterical, Palm leaves, Ethanol.
INOVASI “KADAL SAKTI” DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PENERIMA BANTUAN IURAN DI DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KABUPATEN WONOGIRI
Authors: Dhea Fitri Setya  , Gabriela Ariana Octaviani
Published: April 2023

Pelayanan administrasi kependudukan diperlukan sinergi antara masyarakat, Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil, serta lembaga pengguna. Hal ini berlaku untuk proses kepesertaan PBI JK Kesehatan yang menggunakan data kependudukan. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan proses pelaksanaan inovasi “Kadal Sakti” dalam penyelenggaraan Penerima Bantuan Iuran Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Wonogiri, solusi yang akan dinerikan selama pelaksanaan inovasi “Kadal Sakti” di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Wonogiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian jenis penelitian empiris, pendekatan kualitatif, sifat penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan data, didapatkan berdasarkan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pelaksanaan inovasi “Kadal Sakti” sesuai dengan Surat Keputusan Bupati Wonogiri Nomor 470/51/HK/2020 yang bekerja sama langsung dengan Dinas Sosial dan BPJS Kesehatan Kabupaten Wonogiri. Inovasi “Kadal Sakti” berjalan sesuai kesepakatan dan menggunakan sistem yang bisa diakses secara real-time. Namun, terdapat kendala seperti eror server, kesadaran masyarakat dalam hal pelaporan peristiwa yang dirasa kurang, tetapi dapat diatasi dengan koordinasi dan sosialisasi secara berkala.
Reproductive performance of buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis) at small farms in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Alifia Murninur , Riyanto Joko , Dewanti Ratih , Cahyadi Muhammad , Wati Ari Kusuma , Pawestri Wari , Yanti Yuli
Published: April 2023

Objective: The buffalo population in Indonesia has generally increased in the last decade except in some regencies. This is because the farming activity is majorly dominated by smallholder farmers. Therefore, this study aims to obtain information about the reproductive performance of buffalo cows in small farms at Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. It was conducted from April-September 2021 using a total of 33 respondents with 62 buffalo cows spread in Tawangsari, Sukoharjo, Mojolaban, Grogol, Baki, and Kartasura.

Methods: The research method used is a survey method with the technique of determining the location and sampling used is purposive sampling. The materials used were buffalo farmers as respondents spread across 6 sub-districts. Mating system was natural mating. The data was collected from this sample include gestational age, age at first calving, service per conception (S/C), calving interval (CI) and post partum mating. The data obtained are then recorded and tabulated for the calculation of the average and standard deviation which is then presented as a percentage based on each parameter.

Results: The results showed that the average length of gestation was 324.2±29.0 days, age at first calving 3.7±0.9 years, service per conception 1.1±0.4 times, calving interval 467.1±85.8 days, and post-partum mating was 128.5±69.3 days.

Conclusions: It can be concluded that the reproductive performance of buffalo cows in smallholder farms at Sukoharjo Regency is relatively good.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF SCATTERING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ON PLANE TWO-PERIODIC STRUCTURES
Authors: Vanin Viktor , Prosvirnin Sergiy
Published: April 2023

One of the scientific hypotheses for the creation of nonreciprocal optical metasurfaces is based on the use of a wave channel in which rays of the direct and reverse diffraction scenarios are realized on two-periodic flat structures with nonlinear elements.

To test this hypothesis, it is necessary to carry out mathematical modeling of the process of scattering of electromagnetic waves by metasurfaces under conditions of excitation of several diffraction orders. It is known that among two-periodic flat lattices of different structures there are five types that fill the plane. These are the Bravais lattices. The problem of scattering of an incident monochromatic TE polarized wave on a metal screen with recesses in two-periodic structures filled with silicon was considered.

In this paper, mathematical models are constructed for studying the spatial amplitude spectra of metasurfaces on Bravais lattices and some results of their numerical study are presented. Relationships are obtained for the diffraction orders of scattered electromagnetic waves by a diffraction grating. The existence of wavelengths of incident waves on a two-periodic grating for which there is no reflected wave is shown for different shapes (rectangular, square, hexagonal) of periodic elements in the center of which a recess filled with silicon was made. The distributions of the reflection coefficient are given for various geometric dimensions of periodic elements and recesses.
Development of digital comics as learning media on bacteria
Authors: Dewahrani Yulilina Retno , Apriani Shania Putri , Kurniati Tri Handayani
Published: April 2023

71% of students of class X IPA SMAN 36 Jakarta,Indonesia have difficulties in studying Biology subjects and 47.2% of students have difficulties in learning topics about bacteria. The research aims to develop digital comics as a medium for learning Biology on bacteria. The research method refers to the research and development model of Borg and Gall (2003). Data was collected with questionnaires to analyze student needs and interviews with Biology teachers in class X IPA. Digital comic was made by Autodesk-SketchBook design application. Product validation was carried out by media and material experts. The product trial consisted of a small group of 12 students, a large group consisting of 46 students, and a biology teacher. The average validation test results obtained a score of 91.69% with a very valid interpretation. The product effectiveness test uses a pre-test and post-test instrument consisting of 30 questions. Analysis of the data obtained an average pre-test score of 70.33 and post-test score was 81.08 with a standard error of 1,432-2.094. The results of the t-test showed a significant value of 0.00 < = 0.05 and the value of t-count < t-table which was -5.847 <2.715, which means the difference is statistically significant or significant at a probability of 0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an effect of using digital comic learning media on bacterial material to improve learning outcomes.
PREFERENSI KONSUMEN PADA CITRA FASHION
Authors: Rahmadianti Yola , Wesnina Wesnina , Lutfia Zahra Eneng
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai preferensi konsumen pada citra fashion pada merek fast fashion dan merek pakaian lokal. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa kuesioner dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 100 responden laki-laki dan perempuan usia 18 – 25 tahun yang tinggal di DKI Jakarta dengan menggunakan Google Form pada sampel penelitian 100 responden dengan skala likert. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan indikator kepribadian, kredibilitas, atribut, status sosial, jaminan dan manfaat dalam variabel preferensi konsumen pada citra fashion menunjukkan baik. Persentase tertinggi diperoleh dari indikator status sosial yaitu sebesar 73% menunjukkan baik yang artinya generasi Z memiliki preferensi citra merek yang dapat menciptakan status sosial seperti terlihat modis agar diakui kelompok sebaya. Persentase terendah didapatkan oleh aspek kredibilitas yaitu 58% menunjukkan baik yang artinya generasi Z memiliki preferensi kredibilitas yang menyajikan produk sesuai iklan dan kualitas yang dipercaya.
NONINTRUSIVE VIRTUAL TRAINER PROTOTYPE FOR EXERCISE ROUTINES IN UNITY USING MOTION CAPTURE
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Moreno Uriola Gerardo José , Vega Bonilla Martin Jose , Pinzón Trejos Cristian Iván
Published: April 2023

Virtuality is an innovative process seen in recent years. This process allows transforming scenarios to a virtual environment for simulations, practices, or tests so that all results can be studied. In turn, these environments can be supported by new tools and methodologies that increase the analysis capabilities, such as motion capture to generate animations, tracking of robotic equipment and the study of human movement, which benefits the development of systems with these objectives. A prototype of a nonintrusive virtual trainer capable of capturing motion and determining the correct execution of exercise routines is presented, using a virtual environment developed in the Unity video game engine. The system employs a SHDR webcam for real-time capture of the movement performed by the user, which is processed to track the pose and joints using Machine Learning through the MediaPipe library. This article explains the construction of the prototype and presents the results of the project.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 08.04.2023 г. по 14.04.2023 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Дмитриева Людмила , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: April 2023

Проведен обзор открытых источников по распространению вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 08.04.2023 г. по 14.04.2023 г.
Simplified Accounting Procedures for Small-Scale Banks: Insights from Bank Sampah Cangkringan Berseri
Authors: Rahmawati Fauziah , Nurasik
Published: April 2023

This research aimed to investigate the accounting process used at Bank Sampah Cangkringan Berseri, Kec. Sukodono, Kab. Sidoarjo, Indonesia, from transaction analysis to financial report preparation. The data collection process involved triangulation techniques, including interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed for validity, reduced, classified, and presented. The findings indicated that Bank Sampah Cangkringan Berseri did not take a profit-sharing approach but instead took the difference between the selling price to collectors. The accounting records were kept in simple formats to facilitate easy understanding by other administrators. The research revealed that the bank only used a few accounting stages, including transaction analysis, original evidence collection, journal entry recording, ledger recording, and financial reporting. This simplified process was due to the bank's small scale, which did not require a balance sheet, adjusting journal entries, and a trial balance. The implication of the research is that small-scale banks can adopt simplified accounting procedures to reduce operational complexity and costs. Highlights: Bank Sampah Cangkringan Berseri did not take a profit-sharing approach but instead took the difference between the selling price to collectors. The research revealed that the bank only used a few accounting stages, including transaction analysis, original evidence collection, journal entry recording, ledger recording, and financial reporting. This simplified process was due to the bank's small scale, which did not require a balance sheet, adjusting journal entries, and a trial balance. The implication of the research is that small-scale banks can adopt simplified accounting procedures to reduce operational complexity and costs.
Boosting Work Productivity: The Impact of Supportive Leadership, Work Motivation, and Discipline in UMKM Aldiva Maju Jaya
Authors: Lia Ria Nova , Firdaus Vera
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between supportive leadership, work motivation, discipline, and work productivity among employees of UMKM Aldiva Maju Jaya. The research collected primary data through the distribution of questionnaires to 100 employees and used SmartPLS 3.0 program to analyze the data. The results of the validity test indicated that all statements in the questionnaire were valid, while the reliability test showed that only one variable had a reliable composite reable value or Cronbach’s Alpha value. The hypothesis tests indicated that supportive leadership, work motivation, and discipline had significant effects on work productivity. The study implies that improving supportive leadership, work motivation, and discipline can lead to enhanced work productivity among UMKM Aldiva Maju Jaya employees.

Highlights:

The study investigated the impact of supportive leadership, work motivation, and discipline on work productivity among employees of UMKM Aldiva Maju Jaya.

The research used primary data collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0 program.

The study found that improving supportive leadership, work motivation, and discipline can lead to enhanced work productivity among UMKM Aldiva Maju Jaya employees.
Prevalence and Correlates of Medication Non-adherence among Hypertensive Patients on Follow-up in Central Kenya
Authors: Mutua Ernest , Agina Bonaventure Okello , Mwanzo Isaac
Published: April 2023

Background and Objective: Poor adherence to antihypertensive medications is a major barrier to blood pressure control among patients living with hypertension. In Kenya, a significant number of hypertensive patients have uncontrolled blood pressure, but data on medication adherence among this patient population is scarce. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of medication non-adherence among hypertensive patients on follow-up in two referral hospitals in central Kenya.
Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional study comprising of 339 hypertensive patients undergoing follow-up care in two referral hospitals located in Nyeri County between October and December 2019. Medication adherence was assessed using a validated medication adherence questionnaire. Medication adherence was a dichotomous variable (adherent vs non-adherent), with the prevalence of non-adherence being measured as a proportion. Independent predictors of medication non-adherence were identified by fitting a multiple logistic regression model, where adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were computed for various covariates and interpreted at a 5% level of significance and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: The study sample largely comprised of the female gender (65.2%) and elderly people (mean age, 65 years +/- 12). Nearly half (46.6%) of the hypertensive patients interviewed were non-adherent to their medications. The factors associated with non-adherence were: having poor hypertension knowledge (AOR, 5.6, 95% CI, 3.3, 9.4); being on more than one antihypertensive medication (AOR, 2.8, 95% CI, 1.7, 4.7) and being on two or more daily doses of medications (AOR, 2.3, 95% CI, 1.3, 4.1).
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: Non-adherence to prescribed medications is highly prevalent among hypertensive patients in central Kenya, and it should therefore be identified as a public health concern. Strategies aimed at optimizing medication adherence among hypertensive patients in this region may consider focusing on educational interventions to increase hypertension knowledge and also on simplification of treatment regimens.
 
Copyright © 2023 Mutua, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Critical Scenario Identification for Realistic Testing of Autonomous Driving Systems
Authors: Song Qunying , Tan Kaige , Runeson Per , Persson Stefan
Published: April 2023

Autonomous driving has become an important research area for road
traffic, whereas testing of autonomous driving systems to ensure a safe
and reliable operation remains an open challenge. Substantial realworld
testing or massive driving data collection does not scale since
the potential test scenarios in real-world traffic are infinite, and covering
large shares of them in the test is impractical. Thus, critical
ones have to be prioritized. We have developed for critical test scenario
identification and in this study, we implement the approach and
validate it on two real autonomous driving systems from industry
by integrating it into their tool-chain. Our main contribution in this
work is the demonstration and validation of our approach for critical
scenario identification for testing real autonomous driving systems.
Assessment of memory humoral responses in Hepatitis B vaccine recipients using an in-house B cell Enzyme-Linked Immunospot assay
Authors: Nanyingi Hasifah , Musinguzi Benson , Kato Paul , Bagaya Bernard
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Hepatitis B vaccination has over time provided immense protection to recipients with guidelines endorsing anti-HBsAg titres of ≥ 10IU/ml to correlate with immune protection. hepatitis B surface antibody titres alone may not be a good correlate as it does not measure memory B cells. Protection has been demonstrated in individuals with titres ˂10Ul/ml mediated by memory B cells. Measurement of which isn’t commonly done due to difficulty in detection owing to lack of methods and reagents that allow reliable discrimination of antigen specific cells. This study aimed to establish a B-cell Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) assay protocol at Virus Research Institute/International Vaccine HIV Vaccine Program (UVRI/IAVI) and evaluate its utility in measuring of hepatitis-B vaccine-induced memory B cells responses among of hepatitis-B virus vaccine recipients.
Methods
A cultured Enzyme-Linked Immunospot method was followed; 7 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from vaccinated donors with known and detectable Hepatitis B surface antibody titres and 2 unvaccinated donors with no previous exposure or detectable Hepatitis B surface antibody titres were used to ensure optimal assay conditions.
Results
Activation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells using Interleukin 2 and R848 cocktail demonstrated highest and superior induction of antibody secreting cells compared to hepatitis-B virus vaccine specific stimulation and the widely used polyclonal activation method using CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG- ODN), Pokeweed mitogen and Staphylococcus aureus Cowans strain cocktail. Use of Interleukin 2 and R848 cocktail possessed an additional advantage of reduction in activation time with an optimal period established after four days of culture. This was however characterized with the production of up to 100,000 antibody secreting cells/1.0x106 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells with no Hepatitis B specific antibody secreting cells.
Conclusions
Our results seemed to suggest that an in-house B cell IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunospot assay may not be the best method to characterize Hepatitis B specific memory B cells. Other Studies to test the use of commercially available B cell epitopes and their validity for use in in-vitro assays could probably help inform efforts to improve the sensitivity of the assay.
Identification and characterization of endo- and exo-hydrolases cleaving the α- and β-D-arabinofuranosidic bonds of lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan of Mycobacteria
Authors: Shimokawa Michiko , Ishiwata Akihiro , Kashima Toma , Nakashima Chiho , Li Jiaman , Fukushima Riku , Sawai Naomi , Nakamori Miku , Tanaka Yuuki , Kudo Azusa , Morikami Sae , Iwanaga Nao , Akai Genki , Shimizu Nobutaka , Arakawa Takatoshi , Yamada Chihaya , Kitahara Kanefumi , Tanaka Katsunori , Ito Yukishige , Fushinobu Shinya , Fujita Kiyotaka
Published: April 2023

Cell walls of pathogenic and acidophilic bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, comprise lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan, which are composed of D-arabinose, the enantiomer of the typical l-arabinose found in plants. Their unusual glycan structures serve to immune-evasive of pathogenic mycobacteria. In this study, we identified four enzymes (two GHxxx endo-d-arabinanases, GH172 exo-α-D-arabinofuranosidase, and GH116 exo-β-D-arabinofuranosidase) from Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum that degrade the D-arabinan core structure of lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan. These enzymes completely degraded the complex glycans in a concerted manner. Furthermore, based on biochemical characterization using synthetic substrates and X-ray crystallography, we revealed the substrate recognition and anomer-retaining hydrolytic reaction mechanisms of the α- and β-D-arabinofuranosidic bonds in endo- and exo-mode reactions.
Performance of RIS-Aided Nearfield Localization under Beams Approximation from Real Hardware Characterization
Authors: RAHAL Moustafa , Denis Benoit , Keykhosravi Kamran , Keskin Furkan Musa , Uguen Bernard , Alexandropoulos George C. , Wymeersch Henk
Published: April 2023

The technology of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) has been showing promising potential in a variety of applications relying on Beyond-5G networks. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can indeed provide fine channel flexibility to improve communication quality of service (QoS) or restore localization capabilities in challenging operating conditions, while conventional approaches fail (e.g., due to insufficient infrastructure, severe radio obstructions). In this paper, we tackle a general low-complexity approach for optimizing the precoders that control such reflective surfaces under hardware constraints. More specifically, it allows the approximation of any desired beam pattern using a pre-characterized look-up table of feasible complex reflection coefficients for each RIS element. The proposed method is first evaluated in terms of beam fidelity for several examples of RIS hardware prototypes. Then, by means of a theoretical bounds analysis, we examine the impact of RIS beams approximation on the performance of near-field downlink positioning in non-line-of-sight conditions, while considering several RIS phase profiles (incl. directional, random and localization-optimal designs). Simulation results in a canonical scenario illustrate how the introduced RIS profile optimization scheme can reliably produce the desired RIS beams under realistic hardware limitations. They also highlight its sensitivity to both the underlying hardware characteristics and the required beam kinds in relation to the specificity of RIS-aided localization applications.
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FNDC5 prevents oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis after traumatic brain injury through SIRT3-dependent regulation of mitochondrial quality control
Authors: Ge Shunnan , Ge yufeng , wu xun , Cai Yaning , Hu Qing , Wang Jin , Zhang Shenghao , Zhao Baocheng , Cui Wenxing , Wu Yang , Wang Qiang , Feng Tian , Liu Haixiao , Qu Yan
Published: April 2023

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are important mechanisms for secondary injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI), which result in progressive pathophysiological exacerbation. Although the Fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5) was reported to repress oxidative stress by retaining mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, while its possible role in the secondary injury after TBI remain obscure. In the present study, we observed thatthe level of plasma irisin (the cleavage product of FNDC5) significantly correlated with the neurological outcomes ofTBI patients. Knockout of FNDC5increased the lesion volume and exacerbated apoptosis and neurological deficitsafter TBI in mice, whileFNDC5 overexpression yielded a neuroprotective effect. Moreover, FNDC5 deficiency disrupted mitochondrial dynamics and function. Activation of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) alleviated FNDC5 deficiency-induced disruption of mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics. In neuron-specific SIRT3 knockout mice, FNDC5failed to attenuateTBI-induced mitochondrial damage and brain injuries. Mechanically, FNDC5 deficiency led to reduced SIRT3 expression via enhanced ubiquitin degradation of transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which contributed to the hyperacetylation and inactivation of key regulatory proteins of mitochondrial dynamics and function, including OPA1 and SOD2. Finally, engineered RVG29-conjugated nanoparticles were generated to selectively and efficiently deliver irisin to the brain of mice, which yielded a satisfactory curative effect against TBI. In conclusion, FNDC5/irisin exerts a protective role against acute brain injury by promoting SIRT3-dependent mitochondrial quality control and thus represents a potential target for neuroprotection after TBI.
Multiple functions of gibberellin in modulating plant height, stem strength and drought tolerance
Authors: WU HAO , Bai Beibei , Li Haiyan
Published: April 2023

Maize is one of the most widely grown crops in the world. Since the increasing demand of maize supply and extreme weather effects on maize yield, breeding of maize varieties possessing increased yield and enhanced tolerance against biotic/abiotic stresses becomes critical. Gibberellin (GA) plays an important role in regulating diverse aspects of plant height, stem growth and plant responses under drought stress. In this study, a dwarf maize mutant was screened from an EMS-induced mutant library of maize B73. The mutated gene was identified to be KS, which transcripts an ent-kaurene synthase (KS) enzyme functioning in the early biosynthesis of GA, the mutant was named as ks3-1. A significant decrease in endogenous GA amount was verified in ks3-1. A significantly decreased stem strength of the ks3-1, compared with that of wild type B73, was found. Significant decreases in the cellulose and lignin content, as well as the number of epidermal cell layers, were further characterized in ks3-1. The expression levels of genes responsible for cellulose and lignin biosynthesis were induced by exogenous GA treatment. Under drought stress conditions, the survival rate of ks3-1 was significantly higher than that of the wild type B73. The survival rate of both wild type B73 and ks3-1decreased significantly after exogenous GA treatment. In conclusion, we summarized that a decreased level of GA in ks3-1 caused a decreased plant height, a decreased stem strength as a result of cell wall defects, and an increased drought tolerance. Our results would shed light on the importance of GA and GA defective mutants in genetic improvement of maize and breeding maize varieties.
Discovery and fine-mapping of lipid traits loci in 125,000 individuals of African ancestry
Authors: Kamiza Abram , Touré Sounkou , Zhou Fend , Soremekun Opeyemi , Cissé Cheickna , Wele Mamadou , Touré Aboubacrine , Nashiru Oyekanmi , Corpas Manuel , Nyirenda Moffat , Crampin Amelia , Shaffer Jeffrey , Doumbia Seydou , Zeggini Eleftheria , Morris Andrew , Asimit Jennifer , Chikowore Tinashe , Fatumo Segun
Published: April 2023

Most of the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for lipid traits focus on single lipid traits. There are limited GWASs evaluating the variants associated with two or more lipid traits in African ancestry. To further identify and localize genetic loci with pleiotropic effects on lipid traits, we conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis, multi-trait analysis of genome-wide association studies (MTAG), and multi-trait fine mapping of up to 125,000 individuals of African ancestry. Our GWAS meta-analysis and MTAG identified four and 14 novel loci associated with lipid traits in individuals of African ancestry, respectively. flashfm multi-trait fine-mapping, which leverages information between the traits, yielded an 18% mean reduction in the 99% credible set size, compared to single-trait fine-mapping with JAM. Moreover, we identified more genetic variants with a posterior probability of causality > 0.9 with flashfm than JAM. In conclusion, we have identified additional novel loci associated with lipid traits in individuals of African ancestry and our flashfm fine-mapping significantly reduced the 99% credible set size to identify the causal genetic variants associated with multiple lipid traits in individuals of African ancestry.
Restoration and Sustainability of Earthen Architecture: Ksar of Khanguet Sidi Nadji in the Algerian Sahara as a Case Study
Authors: Zaghez Imen , Attoui Redha , Saou-Dufrêne Bernadette
Published: April 2023

Earthen architecture has a rich history of providing durable and sustainable shelter for humans. However, many of these heritage sites are now facing abandonment and obsolescence. Kasr Khanguet Sidi Nadji in the Algerian Sahara is not exempt from this reality. To address this critical situation, we propose a sustainable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective solution for the restoration of the Ksar that takes into account the needs of its residents and its heritage value. Our approach utilizes the anastylosis method which implies that we reuse original on-site components as building materials whenever possible. We introduce new materials only when necessary after subjecting them to rigorous testing and control. Additionally, we take into account the complex challenges of human, natural, and technical factors involved in the restoration process, offering a practical solution to restore and preserve the earthen heritage of the Ksar while benefiting its residents.
Feeding ecology of the obligate urchin symbiont Dactylopleustes yoshimurai (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Pleustidae) revealed by DNA metabarcoding analysis.
Authors: Kodama Masafumi , Yamazaki Ryoga , Hayakawa Jun , Murata Gakuto , Tomikawa Ko , Kawamura Tomohiko , Kume Gen , Kobari Toru
Published: April 2023

Symbiosis includes commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism, however in many symbiotic relationships, it is difficult to determine which type they are in. Since trophic-linkage is a necessary factor to determine this, data on feeding ecology of symbionts is essential to understand symbiont-host relationships. Amphipods of the genus Dactylopleustes are known as obligate urchin symbionts. Though their ecology remains largely unknown, Dactylopleustes was recently reported to aggregate on diseased hosts, suggesting that Dactylopleustes feeds on diseased urchins’ tissues and uses urchins as both a habitat and prey. We investigated by DNA metabarcoding analyses, the feeding ecology of Dactylopleustes yoshimurai in relation to growth and whether host is disease or not. Contrary to our hypothesis, sequence reads from the gut contents were dominated by planktonic copepods regardless of body size or host disease. These results suggest that they mainly feed on copepod fecal pellets deposited on sediments, and do not have a strong trophic-linkage with their host. Large individuals on diseased urchins feed more on urchins than those on healthy urchins. However, their main prey still remains copepods, implying that host disease has a limited effect on the feeding behavior. In conclusion, our study supports this species is not a strong parasite but more of a commensal of urchins.
Models of “Real World” health research: A critical review
Authors: Fitzsimmons Deborah , Ganga Rafaela Neiva , Smith Grahame , Ali Mustafa , Greenop Daz
Published: April 2023

Background The increasing call for real world evidence has resulted in a diverse range of studies being conducted using the broad “real world” descriptor. We conducted a critical review of how researchers are incorporating the real world in their evaluation of health innovations. Our aim was to develop a framework to categorise existing research approaches and to establish a more precise lexicon for real world health research models.Methods Five electronic databases were searched in July 2021 (PubMed, MEDLINE, Web-of-Science databases, Cochrane library and SCOPUS) for primary research articles presenting validations, evaluations, evidence or data drawn from real world, pragmatic or realist studies for health related innovations. 1762 records were identified. Two authors independently screened papers by title and abstract (n = 291), followed by a full-text screening (n = 104). 33 included studies were critically reviewed to determine the nature of the “real world” elements used in each of the research studies.Results It was shown that whilst authors used a wide variety of terms to describe their studies, they could be grouped into three categories according to the aim of the study. Two of the categories, the pragmatic study and the proof of concept study were derived from current published definitions. We identify the need for a category that provides evidence on the population using an innovation, rather than as an evaluation of the innovation itself.Conclusions We propose a fourth category – real world validation – and explain why it should be reserved for evidence meeting very specific criteria.
Synthesis and characterization of Related Substances of Ampicillin – A β-Lactam Antibiotics
Authors: suresh chilamkurthi , Devi Dharmasoth Rama , Basavaiah Keloth , Reddy Aaramadaka Sunil Kumar , rao K. V. V. Prasada , Kumar Guduri Anil
Published: April 2023

The present research work narratesthe synthesis, origin and characterization of related substances of Ampicillin trihydrate Viz: Ampicillinyl-d-phenylglycine (Ph. Eur impurity E) & l-Ampicillin (Ph. Eur impurity B). The impurity Ampicillinyl-d-phenylglycine generates during the preparation of Ampicillin trihydrate, amidation may occur with carboxylic acid of Ampicillin with d-phenylglycine to give Ampicillinyl-d-phenylglycine, the impurity l-Ampicillin may arise due to the presence of traces l-phenylglycine methylester in d-phenylglycine methylester hydrochloride which may result in the formation of l-Ampicllin. A facile synthetic process for these impurities was developed from the commercially available raw materials.