bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geotechnological Foundations of Mining Natural-Technogenic Deposits in Donbas
Authors: Inkin Olexander V. , Kobets Anatolii S. , Dereviahina Nataliia I.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to substantiate theoretically and technologically both parameters, formation and recovery schemes to use natural-technogenic and capacity resources of the mined coal deposits with the help of a set of geo-modules providing their activation, extraction, and storage depending on seasonable irregularity of energy consumption. Methods. Complex approach has been applied to achieve the purpose. The approach involves collection, systematization, and analysis of actual data concerning filtration as well as physical and mechanical characteristics of enclosing rocks, and seam mining conditions effecting formation of natural and technogenic deposits in addition to analytical and numerical methods to solve hydrogasodynamic, heat and mass transfer equations. The models reflect thermodynamic processes of a geocirculating system performance providing both heating and conditioning of industrial facilities and civic buildings since it accumulates summer heat and winter cold within the disturbed aquifers. Numerical modeling has been applied to simulate formation dynamics and a pattern of heat resource within an aquifer located over the coal seam being burnt depending on its inclination angle, coal mining stage, and aquifuge thickness. Originality. Spatial nonstationary model of heat transfer, simulating filtration direction, velocity of underground water and its temperature while carrier pumping and extracting from an aquifer for heat and cold supply of buildings according to ambient temperature has been developed and tested. Heat transfer mechanism within the flooded rock massif in an abandoned mine, followed by periodical injection and extraction of mine water from different levels, and its heating with the help of natural geothermal heat as well as underground burning of residual coal reserves has been analyzed. Practical implications. Operation parameters of a geotechnological module for reuse of thermal resource of the flooded mine workings while extracting and injecting water from different levels for heat and cold supply of buildings have been substantiated. It has been proved (in terms of the “Novohrodivska 2” mine being during liquidation) that the thermal flow, which is formed while coal burning and heated water pumping, is quite sufficient to meet calorific requirements of a town with 15 thousand inhabitants.
The Descent of Kawab and Hetepheres II.
Authors: Gundacker Roman
Published: October 2020

According to the communis opinio, prince Kawab is a son of Cheops. This assumption is primarily based on G. A. Reisner’s conclusions about the location of mastabahs and queen’s pyramids in the East Field and on three relief fragments from mastabah G 7110/20, which W. S. Smith ingeniously assigned to a scene naming Kawab and his mother Meretites. Early after G. A. Reisner had published the first part of his view on the history of the royal family of the Fourth Dynasty, substantial critique was brought forward by W. Federn. Following the latter, Kawab should be considered a grandson of Sneferu because, apart from mastabah G 7110/20 in Gizah, another mastabah at Dahshur bears witness of him. Even though it is now safely determined that the two are neither one and the same person nor contemporaries, W. Federn’s review has been taken as a starting point for further critical investigation by some scholars who came to the conclusion that Kawab was rather a son of Sneferu.
Caracterização da epidemiologia temporal e espacial do míldio da cebola
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Harbs Sheila Chaiana , Paulakoski Aline Cristina , Luiz Leonardo
Published: October 2020

A cultura da cebola tem se intensificado devido ao consumo in natura e também pelo processamento industrial. No entanto, o míldio (Peronospora destructor) tem comprometido a produtividade da cultura. Como desconhece-se a epidemiologia completa desta doença no Brasil, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar o progresso temporal e espacial do míldio nas condições de cultivo da cebola na região Sul do Brasil. Mudas de cebola da cultivar Empasc 352 – Bola precoce foram transplantadas em dez blocos de 80 plantas cada. A incidência inicial da doença na linha de plantio foi utilizada para a análise espacial através dos testes de run e doublet e seus resultados analisados pelo valor (±1,64) estandardizado no teste de Z a 5% de probabilidade. A severidade da doença no decorrer do cultivo foi analisada em 100 plantas através da porcentagem de área foliar afetada pela doença ao acaso previamente demarcadas e os dados da severidade foram ajustados a um modelo não linear ao longo do ciclo da cultura. Constatou-se que o padrão espacial da doença foi acima de 90% ao acaso para ambos os testes. A curva de progresso da doença foi ajustada ao modelo de Gompertz, representada por y=0,56939*(exp(3,69709*exp(-0,48961*x))). Esse estudo servirá de modelo para trabalhos relacionados à doença.
Palavras-chave: Allium cepa L.; doenças fúngicas; Peronospora destructor.
The use of propolis as an antimicrobial in livestock – an overview
Authors: Manav S. , Yilmaz M. , Baytekin H. , Çelik K. , Çağli A.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to review scientific reports on propolis used in livestock, to analyze them and to make appropriate summaries and conclusions. Propolis is a natural resinous substance collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) from different plant parts such as buds, branches, leaves and exudates. Propolis is a known source of polyphenols and the flavonoids which have been widely studied as biochemical markers for botanical origin and to explain their antioxidant capacity as a key factor in chemoprevention. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer biological activities of propolis are known. Propolis has been used as a remedy in traditional medicine systems all over the world, mainly to treat wounds, burns, sore throat and stomach ulcer, etc. Modern science has confirmed the antimicrobial and antiviral action of propolis and has discovered numerous other beneficial pharmacological properties of bee glue: immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, antitumor, and many others. For this reason, a significant number of products containing propolis have been developed and commercialized: medical devices, over-the-counter preparations, health foods and beverages, cosmetics. Recently, studies on the effects of propolis on animal husbandry and animal health have increased due to many issues, such as organic animal breeding, feeding or treatment methods, reducing the use of antibiotics. One of these areas is the use of propolis to improve the growth performance and productivity of the livestock. Propolis has been determined to have antibacterial and antiviral effects in humans and animals.
Complex toxin binder mycotox® ng influence on the hepatotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 in experimental treated goslings
Authors: Valchev I. , Stojanchev К. , Nicolov N. , Binev R.
Published: October 2020

Abstarct. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of aflatoxin B1 and Mycotox NG applied either independently or together, on blood total protein, albumin, blood glucose, total bilirubin, triglycerides, cholesterol, enzyme activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and changes in liver morphology. At the same time, the potential of supplementation of feed with a mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) was evaluated. Experiments were carried out with 40 1-day-old Toulouse geese from mixed sexes divided into one control and three treatment groups (n=10). Groups were as followed: Group I – control (0 mg/kg AFB1 not supplemented with Mycotox NG); Group II (0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG), Group III (0.5 mg/kg AFB1) and Group IV (0.5 mg/kg AFB1 and 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG). In this study, commercially available geese of Toulouse strain were reared from day one to forty two days in the deep litter system of management and the birds were divided into four groups. Normal feed tested free of aflatoxin (AFB1), was given to the control (Group – 1). 0.5 g/kg Mycotox was supplemented with the feed to Group 2, Aflatoxin (0.5 mg/kg feed) was supplemented with the feed to Group 3 and Mycotox Ng (0.5 g/kg feed) + 0.5 mg/kg feed AFB1 was supplemented with the feed to Group 4. The duration of the experiments was 42 days. The monitored blood chemical parameters were analysed on post treatment days 21 and 42. In birds treated only with AFB1, (group III) increased blood activities of studied enzymes. At the same time, blood total protein, albumin, cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides were reduced as compared to controls. The observed histopathological changes in the liver consisted in various extent of dystrophy (congestion, vacuolar and granular dystrophy, round cell proliferation, necrobiotic changes, hyperplasia of gallbladder epithelium). The addition of mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) to the feed of Groups IV reduced substantially the changes in blood chemistry and the severity and frequency of liver histological lesions. The addition of mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) to the feed of Groups IV reduced substantially the changes in blood chemistry and the severity and frequency of liver histological lesions.
Effects of location, gender and indole butyric acid on rooting of Laurus nobilis L. semi-hardwood stem cuttings
Authors: Saeed A. , Amin T.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The research was conducted in 2018 in order to investigate the effect of location, tree gender and indole butyric acid (IBA) 4000ppm on rooting of semi-hardwood stem cuttings. Two locations (Al-Samrah and Al-Nabaeen) in Latakia province, Syria, different in latitude and above sea level (500 m and 827 m, respectively) were studied. The results showed significant effect (p<0.05) of the location and tree gender on rooting capacity. No rooting was observed in control (without IBA treatment). Location also affected the number of roots/cuttings. No effect of location or tree gender on root length and diameter was established. The highest rooting rates (%) were for cuttings taken from female trees from Al-Samrah location when treated with IBA 4000 ppm (82.2%).
Geoinformation Analysis of the Potential of Human Resources of Agricultural Territories of Volgograd Region
Authors: Khavanskaya Natalya , Alyaev Vladimir , Semenova Diana
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research is to assess the degree of auspiciousness of the human resources potential of the agricultural territories of Volgograd region, its territorial structure. The authors use the classical methodological approach of economic geography in conjunction with modern geographic information systems. The study includes three stages. The first is the collection and processing of statistical data on the main indicators of human resources of rural settlements such as number, density, age composition. The second stage includes the compilation of thematic maps for the selected indicators, the allocation of classes for the ranges of values of indicators and their spatial analysis. The third stage is the creation of an integrated map for a set of indicators with the allocation of territories according to the degree of auspiciousness of the potential of human resources. As a result, the main characteristics of the rural population of Volgograd region are identified. It has been established that most of the rural settlements belong to large rural settlements. Zones of increased and decreased density of the rural population are identified. According to the estimation of the age composition made by calculating the aging index, the rural population is in the stage of deep and very deep aging. Geoinformation mapping methods allow not only statistical processing of data, but also spatial analysis of the distribution of mapped indicators. The geoinformation analysis of the human potential of agricultural territories allows us to talk about the mosaic nature of its territorial structure, the alternation of territories with varying degrees of its development.
Century-Long Dynamics of the Land Use Structure in the United States
Authors: Minat Valerij
Published: October 2020

The paper studies the experience of American land use in the twentieth century on the territory of 48 contiguous continental states. Changes in time and space (dynamics) of the main indicators of distribution and use of land resources that form the structural appearance of the U.S. land fund are shown. Based on the analysis of the countrys land use structure, the resulting part of which is a summary table, the periodic dynamics of the land use structure (in twenty-year time intervals) is considered, and the dependence of structural changes in land use on the level and nature of the socio-economic development of American society is shown. The study of the age-old dynamics of structural features of American land use conducted on the basis of scientific materials of American scientists and data from official American statistics makes it possible to draw generalizing conclusions about the nature of land use in the United States, both in the whole country and in the regional aspect. As a result, the author has obtained a generalized scientific picture of how the structure of land use in the continental part of the country (without Alaska) has changed over the course of a century in the direction from maximum to optimal use of natural resources.
“Tourist Space” as a Concept: Scientific Approaches to the Study
Authors: Sharafutdinov Vladimir , Onishchenko Elena
Published: October 2020

The article attempts to generalize various points of view of foreign and domestic scientists on the concept of “tourist space”, its potential and structure as an object of construction. The main scientific approaches to understanding the tourist space (geographical, economic, economic-geographical, social, sociocultural, interdisciplinary) have been identified and systematized, their characteristic features have been identified. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the most holistic concept of the tourist space can be presented as part of an interdisciplinary approach with the involvement of specialists from various fields and areas involved in the creation, arrangement and development of tourist spaces of the worlds regions. Based on the combination of numerous typological criteria for tourist space proposed by scientists, its main elements are identified. In conclusion, the problem areas in the study of tourist space are identified which, in the opinion of the authors, not yet reflected in the understanding of its essence. The results of the study can be used in developing the fundamental theory of tourism, in developing concepts and strategies for the development of tourism in the regions of Russia to increase the competitiveness of regional tourism products and their promotion in the domestic and international tourism services market.
2019 - 2020 Editorial Board and Note from the Editors
Authors: Hong Seok Hee
Published: October 2020

A Note from the Editors:

We are pleased to announce that the VURJ will publish a volume this spring for the first time since 2016. The VURJ is excited to provide a showcase for all of the excellent work done by our fellow undergraduates.

We encourage the student body to engage with the journal by submitting any work that embodies the spirit of student-driven innovation. This can come in the form of journal articles, essays, reviews, or any other written medium. In addition, since the organization is still in its infancy, we encourage students with a passion for research and collaboration to apply to our review board. Please contact the editor-in-chief or the official email of the journal ( vurj@vanderbilt.edu ) for more information.

Stay tuned for more updates from the board, and don’t hesitate to reach out with any questions!

Skanda Sastry

skanda.k.sastry@vanderbilt.edu

Editor in Chief, 2019-2020
Structural insights into the architecture and assembly of eukaryotic flagella
Authors: Petriman Narcis-Adrian , Lorentzen Esben
Published: October 2020

Cilia and flagella are slender projections found on most eukaryotic cells including unicellular organisms such as Chlamydomonas, Trypanosoma and Tetrahymena, where they serve motility and signaling functions. The cilium is a large molecular machine consisting of hundreds of different proteins that are trafficked into the organelle to organize a repetitive microtubule-based axoneme. Several recent studies took advantage of improved cryo-EM methodology to unravel the high-resolution structures of ciliary complexes. These include the recently reported purification and structure determination of axonemal doublet microtubules from the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which allows for the modeling of more than 30 associated protein factors to provide deep molecular insight into the architecture and repetitive nature of doublet microtubules. In addition, we will review several recent contributions that dissect the structure and function of ciliary trafficking complexes that ferry structural and signaling components between the cell body and the cilium organelle.
Novobiocin inhibits membrane synthesis and vacuole formation of Enterococcus faecalis protoplasts
Authors: Tsuchikado Rintaro , Kami Satoshi , Takahashi Sawako , Nishida Hiromi
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate that plasma membrane biosynthesis and vacuole formation require DNA replication in Enterococcus faecalis protoplasts. The replication inhibitor novobiocin inhibited not only DNA replication but also cell enlargement (plasma membrane biosynthesis) and vacuole formation during the enlargement of the E. faecalis protoplasts. After novobiocin treatment prior to vacuole formation, the cell size of E. faecalis protoplasts was limited to 6 μm in diameter and the cells lacked vacuoles. When novobiocin was added after vacuole formation, E. faecalis protoplasts grew with vacuole enlargement; after novobiocin removal, protoplasts were enlarged again. Although cell size distribution of the protoplasts was similar following the 24 h and 48 h novobiocin treatments, after 72 h of novobiocin treatment there was a greater number of smaller sized protoplasts, suggesting that extended novobiocin treatment may inhibit the re-enlargement of E. faecalis protoplasts after novobiocin removal. Our findings demonstrate that novobiocin can control the enlargement of E. faecalis protoplasts due to inhibition of DNA replication.
Free Mules, Talking Buzzards, and Cracked Plates: The Politics of Dislocation in Their Eyes Were Watching God
Authors: Davie Sharon
Published: October 2020

Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God, considered apolitical by some readers, is profoundly political in its repeated undermining of hierarchy as an unquestioned mode of perception. Three formal devices in the text highlight this undermining: the free mule story and its chain of associations, the buzzard tale that moves from the inside to the outside of the free mule story, and the novel's pervasive physical imagery. Language that forces readers to juggle multiple and contradictory meanings intertwines with an acknowledgment of physicality — human sexuality, human death — in a powerful display of the limits of rational truth telling. Rooted in African American women's history, the novel confronts the complexities of racism and sexism while undercutting a belief in any monological understanding of person or politics, text or nation.
Giving Body to the Word: The Maternal Symbolic in Toni Morrison's Beloved
Authors: Wyatt Jean
Published: October 2020

In Beloved, Toni Morrison expresses the dislocations and violence of slavery through disruptions in language. The novel tells the “unspeakable” story of Sethe, a slave mother whose act of infanticide leaves a gap in family narrative; bars her surviving daughter, Denver, from language use; and hinders her own ability to speak. Morrison's inclusion of voices previously left out of historical and literary narratives disturbs the language of the novel itself. The Africans piled on the slave ships, the preverbal child who comes back in the shape of the ghost Beloved, and a nursing mother who insists on the primacy of bodily connection: the expression of these subjects' heretofore unspoken experiences and desires distorts discursive structures, especially the demarcations that support normative language. Morrison's textual practice challenges Lacan's assumptions about language and language users, and her depiction of a social order that performs some of the functions of mothering challenges his vision of a paternal symbolic order based on a repudiation of maternal connection.
Relative Humanity: Identity, Rights, and Ethics—Israel as a Case Study
Authors: Barghouti Omar
Published: October 2020

RULA, A PALESTINIAN WOMAN, WAS IN THE last stages of labor. Her husband, Daoud, could not convince the soldiers at an Israeli military roadblock to let them through to meet the ambulance that was held up on the other side. After a long wait, Rula could no longer hold it. She started screaming in pain, to the total apathy of the soldiers.
Glocal Knowledges: Agency and Place in Literary Studies
Authors: Livingston Robert Eric
Published: October 2020

Discourse on globalization regularly sells itself as the next big thing. If we read before buying it, however, it may seem that the novelty of globalization has been oversold and its enduring features underestimated. Against the tendency to oppose global processes to local practices (e.g., as future to past), the essay argues for seeing literary studies hitorically as a form of “glocalization,” reworking the topics of locality and place while recalling the forms of their dislocation. Recognizing this historical implication in the global should keep us from being stampeded by market-driven scenarios of globalism and allow us to recover ways to configure alternative futures. What is needed are tactical (in Certeau's sense) responses to globalization and a renewed commitment to practices of disciplined skepticism.
We Have Never Been Biological
Authors: Wald Priscilla
Published: October 2020

We have never been biological. Across disciplines, human beings are hybrids, to use Bruno Latour's formulation, inhabiting the realm of what Donna Haraway calls “natureculture.” Literature and biology, art history and physics, chemical engineering and philosophy approach the question of “human being” differently, but the tacit acceptance of a hybrid (natureculture) world is common to all these fields. So why does the question of the biological seem to be looming larger in the humanities in recent years?
A Convenience of Marriage: Collaboration and Interdisciplinarity
Authors: Hutcheon Linda , Hutcheon Michael
Published: October 2020

At the risk of sounding like a parody of a conversation about opera and illness in the 1987 movie Moonstruck, we would like to relate a postperformance dialogue about Richard Wagner's last opera. Parsifal (not Giacomo Puccini's La Bohème, as in the film). While descending the same staircase at the Metropolitan Opera in New York as Loretta and Ronny, the film characters played by Cher and Nicholas Cage, a man turned to his wife and said, not “You know, I didn't think she was going to die! I knew she was sick,” but “Do you think audiences today understand that Amfortas had syphilis?” Since this man is a physician, his wife was used to his medical observations, though this time he took her by surprise: “Syphilis? He was wounded by a spear when caught in the arms of the seductress Kundry!” “Yes,” he replied, “but that might just be Wagner's indirect or allegorical way of invoking nineteenth-century obsessive worries about venereal disease. Did you notice that this is a wound (one inflicted in a moment of amatory indiscretion) that won't heal, whose pain is worse at night and is eased only slightly by baths and balsams? To any nineteenth-century audience these symptoms and signals would have meant only one thing: syphilis.” “If that's the case.” his wife suggested, “then people must have written about this and we can find out.” “Not necessarily. People didn't talk openly about this kind of disease; it was secret and shameful, remember. And today, thanks to the discovery of penicillin, we luckily don't have to know about such things anymore,” said he.
Guest Column No Bias, No Merit: The Case against Blind Submission
Authors: Fish Stanley
Published: October 2020

WHEN members of an institution debate, it may seem that they are arguing about fundamental principles, but it is more often the case that the truly fundamental principle is the one that makes possible the terms of the disagreement and is therefore not in dispute at all. I am thinking in particular of the arguments recently marshaled for and against blind submission to the journal of the Modern Language Association. Blind submission is the practice whereby an author's name is not revealed to the reviewer who evaluates his or her work. It is an attempt, as William Schaefer explained in theMLA Newsletter, “to ensure that in making their evaluations readers are not influenced by factors other than the intrinsic merits of the article” (4). In his report to the members, Schaefer, then executive director of the association, declared that he himself was opposed to blind submission because the impersonality of the practice would erode the humanistic values that are supposedly at the heart of our enterprise. Predictably, Schaefer's statement provoked a lively exchange in which the lines of battle were firmly, and, as I will argue, narrowly, drawn. On the one hand those who agreed with Schaefer feared that a policy of anonymous review would involve a surrender “to the spurious notions about objectivity and absolute value that … scientists and social scientists banter about”; on the other hand those whose primary concern was with the fairness of the procedure believed that “[j]ustice should be blind” (“Correspondence” 4). Each side concedes the force of the opposing argument—the proponents of anonymous review admit that impersonality brings its dangers, and the defenders of the status quo acknowledge that it is important to prevent “extraneous considerations” from interfering with the identification of true merit (5).
Ibsen and Feminism - Reply
Authors: Templeton Joan
Published: October 2020

Having weathered many a “barbaric outrage,” as he called the first rewriting of A Doll House, Ibsen doubtless did not turn over in his grave at the news that in 1989 another angry man is crusading to make Nora relove Torvald. Still, his eyes must have sparkled with their celebrated mischief to see his defenseless spirit forced into the same holy procession with a Catholic poet, a saint, and a pope, all four of them solemnly decrying feminism as they hymn “the moral dignity of womankind.” And if the inventor of this happy, ahistorical quartet thinks that on the subject of women he can place with impunity the great Italian poet alongside the father of the Church, I suggest that he read Joan Ferrante's Woman as Image in Medieval Literature and then take a look at De Civitate Dei, where, in what Elaine Pagels has called “the politics of paradise,” Augustine makes Genesis the proof of God's “placing divine sanction upon the social, legal, and economic machinery of male domination” (Adam, Eve, and the Serpent), the demeaning doctrine that John Paul ii, the fourth member of this motley unit, would continue to force on the world's women. The “moral dignity of womankind” indeed.
Midwest Modern Language Association
Authors: Lewis Tom
Published: October 2020

The forty-second annual convention of the Midwest Modern Language Association will be held at the Hyatt Regency Crown Center Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri, 2-4 November 2000. Approximately 140 sessions are planned on a wide range of scholarly and professional topics. The informal theme of the convention is “Crossroads 2000: Reading, Pedagogy, Academic Labor.” Plenary sessions tentatively include “Looking Forward/Looking Back” by Linda Hutcheon, Michael Bérubé, and Daryl Ogden. A special performance by Judith Roof and Katherine Burkman of two one-act plays by Samuel Beckett is also planned.
Northeast Modern Language Association
Authors: Stoddart Scott F.
Published: October 2020

The Northeast Modern Language Association celebrates its thirty-second year and will hold its annual convention in Hartford, Connecticut, 30-31 March 2001, at the Hyatt Regency Hotel. NEMLA remains the sole regional MLA to hold its convention in the spring. Central Connecticut State University will be the host institution, and Gilbert Gigliotti will chair the local arrangements committee. The keynote speech will be delivered by Joan Hendrick, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning Harriet Beecher Stowe. Her talk, “The Politics of Literary Realism,” will examine the gendered nature of the realist movement.

Any current NEMLA member may submit a panel proposal for the convention by completing a proposal form, available at our Web site. The convention committee reviews proposals received by 10 May and decides on acceptance. The 2001 Hartford convention offers eleven sessions with eighteen panels in each session. The call for papers will be shipped in late June to all current members and will be posted on our Web site. Abstracts or papers are sent directly to the session chairs for panel consideration and must be postmarked no later than 15 September; chairs must send their completed panels to the executive director no later than 1 October. By reciprocal agreement, PAMLA and NEMLA members may participate in the meetings of both associations.
Pacific Ancient and Modern Language Association
Authors: Clegg Cyndia Susan
Published: October 2020

The association's ninety-eighth conference will be held 10-12 November 2000 at the University of California, Los Angeles. Chairs of the local committee are Hans Wagener of the German Department and Frederick Burwick of the English Department. Registration at the conference will be $35 and $25. All paper sessions are scheduled for classrooms at UCLA and will begin Friday at 1:00 p.m. and end Sunday at 1:00 p.m. PAMLA members whose dues were paid by 1 June 2000 will receive programs by mail.

PAMLA dues are $25 for regular members, $15 for lecturers, $10 for students and emeriti, and $30 for joint memberships. Membership includes a subscription to Pacific Coast Philology, a refereed journal, which, since 1993, appears in two issues each year. By reciprocal agreement, regular NEMLA and PAMLA members may participate in the meetings of both associations. For further information, write the new executive director, Lorely French, Modern Foreign Languages, Pacific Univ., Forest Grove, OR 97116 (frenchl@pacificu.edu), or visit the PAMLA Web site (http://www.pamla.org).
Report of the South Central Modern Language Association
Authors: Parrish Paul A.
Published: October 2020

The 1982 meeting of SCMLA will be held in San Antonio, Texas, on 28–30 October. The newly renovated Gunter Hotel will be the principal convention facility, with the El Tropicano providing overflow lodging. Both hotels are close to the famed Riverwalk, and they promise to be exciting locations for conventioneers. A number of San Antonio institutions will be cohosting the meetings; cochairpersons of the local arrangements committee are Alan Craven (Univ. of Texas, San Antonio) and David Middleton (Trinity Univ.). A Thursday evening reception at the Institute of Texan Cultures will be one of the highlights of the meeting in a city that represents a unique cross-fertilization of cultural influences. Persons interested in attending the convention will receive packets after sending dues for 1982 ($8) to Paul A. Parrish, SCMLA, Department of English, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843.
Report of the Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association
Authors: Carlson Ingeborg L.
Published: October 2020

The thirty-sixth annual RMMLA convention will be held at the Hotel Utah in Salt Lake City on 21–23 October 1982. The University of Utah, which invited RMMLA to hold the convention in Salt Lake City, has provided support for such events as a Foreign Language Film Festival and a panel discussion by the outstanding literary critics Stanley Louis Cavell, Stanley Eugene Fish, and Hayden V. White. Local program directors are former RMMLA executive director Joel Hancock and former delegate Wolff von Schmidt, assisted by former president Richard J. Cummings, Karen Lawrence, Milton Voigt, Barry Weller, and, as book-exhibit coordinator, Philip J. Spartano. The over fifty sessions will cover English and foreign literatures, linguistics, teaching, comparative literature, literary criticism, ethnic studies, science fiction, French black literature, literature and other arts, and children's literature. RMMLA's geographical interests will be represented by sessions on western Americana and folklore and on recent Mexican literature, and the Rocky Mountain American Dialect Society will hold a conjoint meeting. Other organizations that will meet include the Popular Culture Association, the American Association of University Professors of Italian, the Association of Mormon Letters, and Letras Femeninas. A conference sponsored by the Western States Women's Studies Association, a Women's Caucus breakfast, and meetings on feminist pedagogy, women and literature, and the mother in twentieth-century American fiction will acknowledge the role of women, even though the states that provide a home for RMMLA and a site for the convention have not ratified the ERA. Seminars will mark the 150th anniversary of Goethe's death and the James Joyce centennial, while special sessions will treat the classical tradition and the modern world, creative writing, and Asiatic languages. An interdisciplinary event will focus on the contributions of Italian culture and civilization to the Western world, and the Western Association of German Studies has planned a panel on literature as perceived by a historian, a philosopher, and a literary critic. The French-Canadian section will feature a French-Canadian poet-singer.
Report of the Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association
Authors: Davis Charles G.
Published: October 2020

The 1988 convention will be held 20-22 October at the Las Cruces Hilton. New Mexico State University will host the meeting as part of its centennial celebration. A Mexican banquet, a wine reception hosted by the university and the New Mexico Vine and Wine Society, a program on western and southwestern literature, a program on class, race, and gender in Chicana literature, as well as excursions to Juarez, Mexico, and to Old Mesilla will help participants celebrate the flavor of the region.
Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association
Authors: Grenier-Winther Joan
Published: October 2020

The fifty-third annual RMMLA convention will be held 14–16 October 1999 at the Courtyard Marriott Hotel in Santa Fe. Santa Fe Community College and Saint John's College of Santa Fe are the local hosts. Susana Hernandez-Araico (California State Polytechnic Univ.) will speak at the Friday evening banquet on the topic Colonial and Indigenous Theater in Spain's American Viceroyalties. Michael Pavel (Washington State Univ.), a member of the Spokane Indian Nation, will discuss developing outreach to Native American youth. A reading by local writers Miriam Sagan and Arthur Sze will take place at the SFCC Planetarium. Also scheduled are presentations by TIAA-CREF and the Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program, panels on grant writing and scholarly publishing, a preconvention workshop on educational technology, and a raffle of local goods and services benefiting the RMMLA Grant and Scholarship Fund. The schedule of sessions and abstracts of papers can be found on the RMMLA.
South Central Modern Language Association
Authors: McWhirter David
Published: October 2020

The 1999 SCMLA meeting will be held 28–30 October at the Marriott-Downtown Hotel in Memphis. The University of Memphis, the University of Mississippi, and Rhodes College will host the convention, with Susan Fitzgerald (Univ. of Memphis) acting as local arrangements chair and Karen Raber (Univ. of Mississippi) serving as treasurer. This year's theme, Intersections, will be reflected in a record 111 regular, allied, and special sessions; highlights will include plenary speaker Ellen Douglas and a special roundtable on Reading Popular Culture.
A “Vacant Receptacle”? Blind Tom, Cognitive Difference, and Pedagogy
Authors: Krentz Christopher
Published: October 2020

If disability studies is often overlooked at universities today, cognitive disability is often overlooked by scholars in disability studies. How should we think and talk about mental difference? Our academic enterprise privileges intellect, as is appropriate. But how should we properly account for human beings who are intellectually disabled? How does mental disability relate to other disabilities or to more familiar identity categories like race and gender? Perhaps no one illustrates these questions better than an intriguing figure who captivated audiences in nineteenth-century America: Thomas Wiggins, also known as Thomas Bethune but most popularly known as Blind Tom.
Slaves, Immigrants, and Suffragists: The Uses of Disability in Citizenship Debates
Authors: Baynton Douglas
Published: October 2020

In an article published nearly two de-cades ago, Joan Scott discussed the difficulty of persuading historians to take gender seriously. A common response to women's history was that “women had a history separate from men's, therefore let feminists do women's history, which need not concern us,” or “my understanding of the French Revolution is not changed by knowing that women participated in it.” Despite the substantial number of works on women's history, the topic remained marginal in the discipline. Simply adding women to history, Scott argued, while necessary and important, would not be sufficient to change the paradigms of the profession. To accomplish that, feminists had to demonstrate that gender was “a constitutive element of social relationships” and “a primary way of signifying relationships of power” (1055, 1067).
Deaf, She Wrote: Mapping Deaf Women's Autobiography
Authors: Brueggemann Brenda Jo
Published: October 2020

I believe, as did one of the greatest Rhe-torical scholars of the twentieth century (or probably any century), Kenneth Burke, that “[t]he human animal, as we know it, emerges into personality by first mastering whatever tribal speech happens to be its particular symbolic environment” (1346). Applying Burke's idea, I am interested in mapping the emergent personality of deaf women writers as they master the tribal speech (and sign too) of their particular region, nation, or era as well as the tribal speech of gender overlaid with the tribal speech of deafness, disability, “normalcy,” and difference.
Editor's Column
Authors: Conarroe Joel
Published: October 2020

With The January 1981 issue, PMLA began soliciting essays under a revised statement of editorial policy, one that may well be in effect in 1984, when the journal celebrates its hundredth birthday, just a year after the association's own centennial. (Our Committee on the Centennial, chaired by former PMLA editor John Fisher, has wisely decided to make 1983–84 the MLA's anniversary year.) If it has the impact we hope for, the new policy may even be in existence by the journal's bicentennial. The realist in me, however, doubts that it will be, since the statement, like all its predecessors, is quite clearly not carved in adamant but written in the sands of time. The needs of the profession change, decade by decade, and our journal should reflect these alterations, even when they are not especially dramatic. The new statement, in fact, represents only a shift in emphasis from the one that has been in effect since 1973, though this shift could have a substantial influence. The central difference? We no longer insist that every essay be of significant interest to every MLA member, but instead we announce, less ambitiously, that we welcome essays “of interest to those concerned with the study of language and literature.” Implicit in this wording, of course, is the hope that our journal will stimulate discussion and debate among a wide readership, but we acknowledge the incontrovertible fact that not every essay we publish will appeal to every member.
Shaking table study on sand-EPS beads-mixtures using a laminar box
Authors: Alaie R. , Jamshidi Chenari R. , Karimpour-Fard M.
Published: October 2020

Mixture of sand-expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads is one of the new geo-materials with high compressibility that can be used as a seismic buffer and base isolation due to its great capability for energy dissipation. In this study, a series of 1-g shaking table tests is conducted to assess the dynamic properties of the sand-EPS beads mixtures with a particular focus on the stress-strain response and the variation of shear modulus and damping ratio at the range of medium to large levels of strain. The influence of various parameters, including the amplitude of input base acceleration and EPS content, on the response of sand-EPS beads mixtures is examined. The physical model of sand-EPS bead mixtures showed a lower induced peak acceleration compared to the clean sand model. Moreover, the addition of EPS beads to sand reduced the deformations caused by dynamic loading. The results also revealed that the damping ratio and shear modulus of the samples depend on the EPS bead content, such that its increase results in the damping ratio increasing to 100% or more. On the contrary, the shear modulus of all sand-EPS bead mixtures undergoes a significant reduction with the increase in EPS bead content.
Water-use characteristics of Palmiet (Prionium serratum), an endemic South African wetland plant
Authors: AJ Rebelo  , C Jarmain  , KJ Esler  , RM Cowling  , DC Le Maitre
Published: October 2020

Palmiet, Prionium serratum, is an endemic wetland plant which dominates oligotrophic wetlands throughout the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. Palmiet is often perceived as undesirable by landowners, in part because it is thought to have high water-use, although little is known about the water-use of this important wetland species. We estimated the water-use dynamics of Palmiet at the leaf scale, using stomatal conductance measurements, and at the wetland scale, by modelling evapotranspiration using remote sensing and an energy-balance model. Factors that influenced Palmiet water-use were also considered, and seasonal variations were analysed. The aim was to estimate Palmiet wetland water-use, and to develop a set of crop factors (Kc) for use in hydrological modelling of catchments containing Palmiet wetlands. Results show that Palmiet has a comparatively low stomatal conductance (11–152 mmol∙m-2∙s-1), which was lower in summer than winter, and moderate evapotranspiration for a riparian species (1 220 mm∙a-1 compared to a local reference evapotranspiration of 1 302 mm∙a-1 and A-Pan evaporation of 2 809 mm∙a-1), which was higher in summer (more energy to drive evapotranspiration and higher vapour pressure deficits). Morphological and physiological adaptations to nutrient poverty or periodic drought are suggested theories which may explain the controls on transpiration for Palmiet.
First observation of fouling of externally attached radio transmitters in an African river
Authors: Francois Jakob Jacobs  , Olaf Lawrence Friedrich Weyl  , Eva Marita Ulvan  , Clinton Hay  , Tor Fredrik Naesje
Published: October 2020

Fouling of externally attached tags is an important consideration in long-term tagging studies as it may affect fish behaviour and well-being. Two externally attached radio transmitters on African tigerfish Hydrocynus vittatus were covered with short green algae, after the fish were recaptured 49 and 64 days after tagging in the Kavango River, Namibia. This is the first observation of fouling on external radio transmitters from any African river which highlights the importance of conducting studies that evaluate the various health or behavioural effects resulting from tagging.
Türkiye’de Bölgesel Konut Piyasası: Düzey-2 Bölgeleri İçin Yakınsama Analizi
Authors: YILDIRIM Ali , KAYA Ayşen
Published: October 2020

Konut piyasasında oluşabilecek fiyat balonlarının ekonomi üzerindeki etkisi ve konut piyasası açısından yarattığı riskler, konut fiyatlarının seyrinin gözlemlenmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de bölgesel konut fiyatlarındaki değişmelerin, ulusal konut fiyatlarındaki değişmelere yakınsayıp yakınsamadığının analiz edilmesidir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’nin İİBS düzey-2 bölgelerine ait, aylık konut fiyat endeksi verileri kullanılarak nispi konut fiyat endeksi (KFE) verileri oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen nispi KFE verilerine, birim kök testlerinin uygulanması sonucunda konut fiyatlarındaki değişmelerin ıraksadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum alt piyasa konumundaki bölgesel konut piyasalarındaki fiyat değişmelerinin, ulusal konut piyasasındaki fiyat değişmelerinden bağımsız olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapısal kırılmaların dikkate alındığı Zivot-Andrews testinden elde edilen sonuçlar ise TR22, TR41 ve TR42 bölgelerindeki konut fiyatındaki değişmelerin yapısal kırılma ile ulusal konut fiyatlarındaki değişmelere yakınsadığını göstermektedir.
GERİ ÇEKİLDİ: OECD Ülkelerinde Ekolojik Ayak İzi ve Alt Bileşenlerinin Durağanlığının İncelenmesi
Authors: ALPER Ali Eren , ALPER Fındık Özlem
Published: October 2020

(Bu makale 18-12-2020 tarihinde geri çekildi.)Bu çalışmanın temel amacı ekolojik ayak izi ve alt bileşenlerinin durağanlığını, 1961-2016 dönemi için 12 seçilmiş OECD üyesi ülkede hem yumuşak hem de sert kırılmaları dikkate alan Fourier KPSS birim kök testi ile sınamaktır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre ABD için karbon salınımı ve toplam ekolojik ayak izi değişkenlerinin; Almanya için orman ürünleri ayak izi değişkeninin; Avusturalya için orman ürünleri ve toplam ekolojik ayak izi değişkenlerinin; Avusturya için balıkçılık alanları ve orman ürünleri ayak izi değişkenlerinin; Fransa için karbon salınımı, orman ürünleri ve toplam ekolojik ayak izi değişkenlerinin; Hollanda için balıkçılık alanları ve orman ürünleri ayak izi değişkenlerinin; İngiltere için orman ürünleri ve tarım alanı ayak izi değişkenlerinin; İtalya için tarım alanı ayak izi değişkeninin; Japonya için tarım alanı ve toplam ekolojik ayak izi değişkenlerinin; Kanada için toplam ekolojik ayak izi değişkeninin ve Türkiye için ise balıkçılık alanları ve orman ürünleri ayak izlerinin seviyede durağan olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Analist Önerilerinin Finansal Değeri: Risk Faktörlerinin Ötesinde Ne Söylüyorlar?
Authors: ERTAN Arhan Sabri , KARAHAN Cenk C. , KÖSELİ Ahmet
Published: October 2020

Finansal analistler, yazdıkları raporlarla pay piyasasında sağlıklı bilgi akışına katkıda bulundukları gibi, önerileriyle de büyük bir yatırım sektörünün portföy kararlarını etkileme gücüne sahipler. Bu çalışma, Borsa İstanbul (BİST) hisse senetleri için yapılan analist önerileri doğrultusunda oluşturulan portföylerin getirilerini risk faktörleriyle açıklamayı ve analist önerilerinin ek getiri sağlamadaki başarısını ölçmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda analist önerileri dikkate alınarak oluşturulan eşit ve değer ağırlıklı portföyler; CAPM, Fama-French ve Carhart varlık fiyatlama modelleri ile test edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, analist önerilerinin ekonomik durgunluk dönemlerinde bir değer yaratıp yaratmadığı incelenmiştir. Her ne kadar analistlerin olumlu önerileri göreceli yüksek getiri getirse de bu getiriler bilinen risk faktörleri ile açıklandığında ekonomik ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ek getiriden bahsetmek mümkün değildir. Elde ettiğimiz bulgular ışığında, BİST için örneklem dönemimizde, analistlerin önerileri ile oluşturulan portföylerin piyasa getirisine kıyasla ve risk faktörlerinin verdiği bilgilerin ötesinde bir ek getiri üretemediği sonucuna ulaşmaktayız.