bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multilocation Newsvendor Problem: Centralization and Inventory Pooling
Authors: Yang Chaolin , Hu Zhenyu , Zhou Sean X.
Published: May 2020

We study a multilocation newsvendor model with a retailer owning multiple retail stores, each of which is operated by a manager who decides the order quantity for filling random customer demand of a product. Store managers and the retailer are all risk averse, but managers are more risk averse than the retailer. We adopt conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) as the performance measure and consider two alternative strategies to improve the system’s performance. First, the retailer centralizes the ordering decisions. Second, managers still decide the order quantity for their own store, whereas their inventories are pooled together. We analyze and compare the optimal order quantities and the resultant CVaR values of the systems and study their comparative statistics. For centralization, we find that each store has a higher inventory level in the centralized system than in the decentralized system, and centralization positively benefits the retailer as long as some store managers are strictly more risk averse than the retailer. When there is inventory pooling, the ordering decisions in the decentralized system depend on how the additional profit from pooling is allocated among the stores. We consider a weighted proportional allocation rule and characterize the Nash equilibrium of the resultant ordering game among the store managers. Our key finding is that as long as the store managers are sufficiently more risk averse than the retailer or the demands are very heavy tailed, inventory pooling is less beneficial than centralization. We further derive a lower bound on the value of centralization and two upper bounds on the value of inventory pooling. Finally, our analytical results are illustrated using a data set from an online retailer in China, and various comparative statics are further examined via extensive numerical experiments.

This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
A CULTURA COMO 'TÁTICA' NAS BATALHAS DE SENTIDO: REFLEXÕES SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS COTIDIANAS DE COLETIVOS CULTURAIS NA CIDADE DE NITERÓI (RJ)
Authors: Castilho Marcio De Souza , Gabry Victor
Published: May 2020

A comunicação é lugar permanente de disputas e negociações, uma arena em que múltiplos polos de enunciação travam uma luta pelo direito de produzir sentidos no espaço público. O ambiente comunicacional caracterizado pelo impacto da desintermediação reforça a possibilidade de o cidadão produzir outras narrativas, confrontar  visões de mundo e estabelecer novos consensos. Nesse sentido, propomos examinar a experiência dos projetos culturais Rap School e Conexão Favela & Arte, situados em Niterói, na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, e como estes coletivos estão se apropriando das novas tecnologias de comunicação e informação para pôr em relevo outros atributos sobre o território. Recorrendo a estudos na área da comunicação popular e movimentos sociais, a metodologia também se apóia em entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os realizadores. Como hipótese, sustentamos que os projetos favorecem articulações comunitárias e fortalecem identidades em seus espaços locais.
ASPECTOS ESTRUTURAIS DO SISTEMA MIDIÁTICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Rebouças Bruno Henrique Bezerra
Published: May 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo sistematizar a formação dos meios de comunicação no Brasil, sua estrutura e a consequência de seu sistema, através de uma análise diacrônica para entender a configuração infocomunicacional e sua concentração. Para tanto, pretendemos discutir o sistema midiático brasileiro e alguns dos aspectos legais cujas empresas informativas foram formadas, debatendo algumas questões inerentes à temática, especialmente sobre o papel desempenhado pelo Estado como regulador das concessões públicas, e se a adoção de um modelo privado de exploração da radiodifusão propiciou a propriedade cruzada e o oligopólio. Para essas e outras indagações, utilizamos as perspectivas histórica e estrutural, elaborando um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a temática e suas ramificações, com dados pesquisados nos sistemas oficiais - lista de concessionários de rádio e TV do Ministério das Comunicações e do sistema acionário da Anatel. Ademais, discutimos as leis que regulamentam o setor infocomunicacional, especialmente o Código Brasileiro de Telecomunicações (CBT) e a Lei Geral de Telecomunicações (LGT), analisando as distorções dessas e também de outras leis e decretos. Finalizamos com uma análise sobre o problema da concentração midiática e suas diferentes formas, e o debate sobre a regulação dos meios.
CURSO DE EXTENSÃO MÍDIA, VIOLÊNCIA E DIREITOS HUMANOS: UM ESPAÇO DE DIÁLOGO E REFLEXÕES, MAS SOBRETUDO DE APRENDIZADO E AMADURECIMENTO
Authors: Pereira Pedro Barreto
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho pretende apresentar os resultados parciais das cinco edições do Curso de Extensão Mídia, Violência e Direitos Humanos, realizado pelo Núcleo de Estudos de Políticas Públicas e Direitos Humanos (Nepp-DH) da UFRJ. Esta iniciativa se propõe a ser um espaço de diálogo horizontal entre a Universidade e a sociedade, em específico, com moradores de favelas e periferias, lideranças comunitárias e de movimentos sociais, comunicadores populares e profissionais com atuação nesses territórios. As aulas têm como objetivo colocar em debate as representações da violência urbana, de gênero, étnico-racial, entre outras, e propor alternativas a elas. No decorrer dos anos em que este curso tem sido realizado, foram feitas diversas modificações com o intuito de se aproximar cada vez mais do horizonte almejado. O resultado até aqui tem sido transformações, não apenas do ponto de vista profissional e acadêmico, como também pessoal nas vidas dos organizadores, professores, palestrantes e alunos envolvidos.
O DIÁLOGO BUBERIANO NA COMUNICAÇÃO: O COMUM NA RELAÇÃO
Authors: Xavier Ferreira Hércules Da Silva
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho busca uma apresentação do livro Eu e Tu do professor Martin Buber e sua relação profícua em uma ética comunicativa na perspectiva conceitual e original do conceito sobre o diálogo por um viés filosófico e teológico. Suas ideias então aprofundam-se para a distinção entre a relação do tipo Eu e Tu, em que o outro é respeitado e encontrado em sua totalidade existencial, ou  a relação do tipo Eu e Isso, em que o outro é objetificado e diminuído em seu ser.
SOBRE AS FORMAS DE DESIGNAR O UNIVERSO DA COMUNICAÇÃO VOLTADA PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Macedo Marcelo Ernandez
Published: May 2020

ResumoDesde o seu surgimento como campo específico da comunicação, o universo da comunicação voltada para a promoção da democracia, da cidadania e do desenvolvimento social vem sendo nomeado de diversas formas, dentre as quais: alternativo, popular, contra-hegemônico, comunitário, livre, independente, midiativista. A partir da premissa que essa multiplicidade de formas de designá-lo provoca dúvidas, confusões e conflitos no campo, o artigo promove o debate teórico em torno das mesmas e oferece uma nova proposta de classificação. Essa proposta parte da ideia de que esse processo refere-se sempre a um mesmo fenômeno, que varia conforme as suas condições de produção, quais sejam: os contextos político e econômico; o escopo geográfico dos conteúdos relacionados; e as tecnologias utilizadas. O texto traz a tona também o conceito de dialogia como inspiração teórico-metodológica para nomear o campo como um todo, apresentando seus fundamentos e mostrando que estes são próprios a este universo. AbstractSince its emergence as a specific field of communication, the universe of communication focused on the promotion of democracy, citizenship and social development has been named in several ways, among them: alternative, popular, counter-hegemonic, communitarian, free, independent, media activist. From the premise that this multiplicity of ways of designating it generates doubts, confusions and conflicts in the field, this article promotes the theoretical debate around them and offers a new classification proposal. This proposal starts from the idea that this process always refers to the same phenomenon, which varies according to its production conditions, namely: the political and economic contexts; the geographic scope of related contents; and the technologies used. The text also brings out the concept of dialogue as a theoretical-methodological inspiration to name the field as a whole, presenting its foundations and showing that they are proper to this universe.
Reinstating elective orthopaedic surgery in the age of COVID-19
Authors: Oussedik Sam , Zagra Luigi , Shin Gee Yen , D’Apolito Rocco , Haddad Fares S.
Published: May 2020

The transition from shutdown of elective orthopaedic services to the resumption of pre-COVID-19 activity presents many challenges. These include concerns about patient safety, staff safety, and the viability of health economies. Careful planning is necessary to allow patients to benefit from orthopaedic care in a safe and sustainable manner.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7):807–810.
A POLÍTICA MUNICIPAL DE INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR NA PERSPECTIVA DO PROFESSOR DA CLASSE COMUM DO MUNICÍPIO DE OEIRAS-PI: DESAFIOS E DILEMAS
Authors: Osório Jacyara Caroline da Costa , LUSTOSA ANA VALERIA MARQUES FORTES
Published: May 2020

Considerando as atuais políticas públicas destinadas a inclusão escolar de estudantes Público Alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE), esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar como se estrutura a política de inclusão escolar no município de Oeiras-PI, na perspectiva do professor da classe comum. Para tanto, adotou-se os parâmetros da abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritiva. Participaram do estudo 10 professores que atuam na classe comum com estudantes PAEE em Oeiras-PI e que responderam ao questionário de avaliação da política de inclusão escolar na versão destinada aos professores da classe comum e a uma entrevista semiestruturada. Entre os resultados obtidos destacam-se o insuficiente conhecimento do professor da classe comum acerca das necessidades educativas dos estudantes PAEE; a ausência de apoio de outros profissionais e a infraestrutura pouco adaptada. Palavras-chaves: Políticas Públicas. Educação Especial. Inclusão Escolar.
Story, dialogue and caring about what matters to people: progress towards evidence-enriched policy and practice
Authors: Andrews Nick , Gabbay John , Le-May Andreé , Miller Emma , Petch Alison , O’Neill Martin
Published: May 2020

Background:

Evidence-based practice in social care and health is widely promoted. Making it a reality remains challenging, partly because practitioners generally see practice-based knowledge as more relevant than empirical research. A further challenge regarding the creative, contextual use of research and other evidence including lived experience and practice-based knowledge is that practitioners, especially in frontline care services, are often seen not as innovators, but recipients of rules and guidelines or followers of pre-determined plans. Likewise, older people are not generally recognised as co-creators of knowledge, learning and development but as passive recipients of care, or objects of research.

Aims:

This study aimed to address the above issues, through a collaborative and appreciative endeavour involving researchers; social care and health practitioners; managers; older people and carers in 6 sites across Wales and Scotland.

Methods:

We used participatory action research methodology, applying a dialogic storytelling approach, which enabled participants to explore and address 7 already published research-based ‘Challenges’ regarding what matters most to older people with high-support needs.

Findings:

Participants discovered and addressed five elements required in developing evidence-enriched practice; the creation of supportive and relationship-centred research and practice environments; the valuing of diverse types of evidence; the use of engaging narratives to capture and share evidence; the use of dialogue-based approaches to learning and development; and the recognition and resolution of systemic barriers to development.

Discussion and conclusion:

Although existing literature covers each element, this project was novel in collectively exploring and addressing all five elements together, and in its use of multiple forms of story, which engaged hearts and minds, positive outcomes were achieved.
Invariant correlated optical fields driven by multiplicative noise
Authors: Vargas Morales M. , Saldivia Gomez E. , Atenco Cuautle J. C. , Arenas Munoz G. , Garcia Guzman A. , Martinez Vara P. , Martinez Niconoff G.
Published: May 2020

We describe the evolution of a linear transmittance when it is perturbed with multiplicative noise; the evolution is approximated through an ensemble of random transmittances that are used to generate diffraction fields. The randomness induces a competition mechanism between noise and transmittance, and it is identified through the self-correlation function. We show that the geometry of the self-correlation function is a single peak preserved in the diffraction field that can be matched with localization-like effects. To corroborate the theoretical predictions, we perform an experiment using a linear grating where the noise is approximated by a stochastic Markov chain. Experimental results are shown.
Phase added sub-stereograms for accelerating computer generated holography
Authors: Blinder David , Schelkens Peter
Published: May 2020

Phase-added stereograms are a form of sparse computer generated holograms, subdividing the hologram in small Fourier transformed blocks and updating a single coefficient per block and per point-spread function. Unfortunately, these algorithms’ computational performance is often bottlenecked by the relatively high memory requirements. We propose a technique to partition the 3D point cloud into cells using time-frequency analysis, grouping the affected coefficients into subsets that improve caching and minimize memory requirements. This results in significant acceleration of phase added stereogram algorithms without affecting render quality, enabling real-time CGH for driving holographic displays for more complex and detailed scenes than previously possible. We report a 30-fold speedup over the base implementation, achieving real-time speeds of 80ms per million points per megapixel on a single GPU.
Demonstration of mid-infrared slow light one-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator with high-order photonic bandgap
Authors: Sun Fujun , Dong Bowei , Wei Jingxuan , Ma Yiming , Tian Huiping , Lee Chengkuo
Published: May 2020

Integrated mid-infrared sensing offers opportunities for the compact, selective, label-free and non-invasive detection of the absorption fingerprints of many chemical compounds, which is of great scientific and technological importance. To achieve high sensitivity, the key is to boost the interaction between light and analytes. So far, approaches like leveraging the slow light effect, increasing optical path length and enhancing the electric field confinement (f) in the analyte are envisaged. Here, we experimentally investigate a slow light one-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator operating at high-order photonic bandgap (PBG) in mid-infrared range, which features both strong field confinement in analyte and slow light effect. And the optical path length can also be improved by the resoantor compared with waveguide structure. The characteristics of the first- and second-order bandgap edges are studied by changing the number of patterned periodical holes while keeping other parameters unchanged to confine the bands in the measurement range of our setup between 3.64 and 4.0 µm. Temperature sensitivity of different modes is also experimentally studied, which helps to understand the field confinement. Compared to the fundamental PBG edge modes, the second PBG edge modes show a higher field confinement in the analyte and a comparable group index, leading to larger light-matter interaction. Our work could be used for the design of ultra-sensitive integrated mid-infrared sensors, which have widespread applications including environment monitoring, biosensing and chemical analysis.
Highly customized 1010 nm, ns-pulsed Yb-doped fiber amplifier as a key tool for on-demand single-photon generation
Authors: de Vries Oliver , Plötner Marco , Christaller Florian , Zhang Hao , Belz Annika , Heinrich Benjamin , Kübler Harald , Löw Robert , Pfau Tilman , Walbaum Till , Schreiber Thomas , Tünnermann Andreas
Published: May 2020

The development of highly customized technical devices is a decisive feature of technically complex setups, as frequently observed in quantum experiments. This paper describes the development and realization of an Yb-doped all-fiber amplifier system designed for such a special application, more specifically, an on-demand single-photon source based on four-wave mixing with rubidium Rydberg atoms. The laser is capable of generating bandwidth-limited configurable nanosecond pulses up to peak powers of >100 W and with pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) between 50 Hz and 1 MHz at selectable wavelengths (1008–1024 nm). Especially the amplification of the 1010 nm reference seed at the lower edge of the amplification range for Yb-based fibers is challenging and tends to produce amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at higher wavelengths. To achieve high ASE suppression, particularly at low pulse repetition frequencies, two acousto-optical modulators (AOM) are utilized both for pulse picking and for temporal filtering. The synchronization between pulse repetition frequency and AOM driver signal allows pulse amplitude fluctuations to be kept below 1%, while ASE is suppressed by at least 85 dB (PRF = 1 MHz) and 65 dB (PRF = 1 kHz).
Quantum-inspired detection for spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kolenderska Sylwia M. , Vanholsbeeck Frédérique , Kolenderski Piotr
Published: May 2020

Intensity levels allowed by safety standards (ICNIRP or ANSI) limit the amount of light that can be used in a clinical setting to image highly scattering or absorptive tissues with optical coherence tomography (OCT). To achieve high-sensitivity imaging at low intensity levels, we adapt a detection scheme—which is used in quantum optics for providing information about spectral correlations of photons—into a standard spectral domain OCT system. This detection scheme is based on the concept of dispersive Fourier transformation, where a fiber introduces a wavelength-dependent time delay measured by a single-pixel detector, usually a high-speed photoreceiver. Here, we use a fast superconducting single-photon detector SSPD as a single-pixel detector and obtain images of a glass stack and a slice of onion at the intensity levels of the order of 10 pW. We also provide a formula for a depth-dependent sensitivity falloff in such a detection scheme, which can be treated as a temporal equivalent of diffraction-grating-based spectrometers.
Rotationally symmetric colorization of metal surfaces through omnidirectional femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures
Authors: Hwang Taek Yong , Shin Heedeuk , Lee Hai Joong , Lee Hyo Soo , Guo Chunlei , Lee Byounghwak
Published: May 2020

Following femtosecond (fs) laser pulse irradiation, the formation of a new type of low-spatial-frequency laser-induced periodic surface structure (LSFL) patterns, namely, omnidirectional LSFLs (OD-LSFLs) with the periodic ordering of their orientations, are investigated on Ni in this Letter. Using a liquid crystal polymer patterned depolarizer, we periodically rotate the polarization of fs laser pulses across the laser spot and create OD-LSFLs by raster scanning fs laser pulses. We also show that the period of the OD-LSFL orientation rotation can be controlled with the defocused distance, and OD-LSFLs can significantly expand the viewing angle of the structural colors in the azimuthal direction without noticeable color degradations.
302  W single-mode power from an Er/Yb fiber MOPA: publisher’s note
Authors: Matniyaz Turghun , Kong Fanting , Kalichevsky-Dong Monica T. , Dong Liang
Published: May 2020

This publisher’s note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.
45, 2910 (2020).OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.392786
Das Digital Canvas: Ein Instrument zur Konzeption digitaler Geschäftsmodelle
Authors: Schlimbach Ricarda , Asghari Reza
Published: May 2020

Der Megatrend der Digitalisierung verändert gravierend die Architektur von Geschäftsmodellen und erfordert diesbezüglich überarbeitete Instrumente zur konzeptionellen Unterstützung. Der Kern dieses Beitrags ist die Vorstellung des Digital Canvas, einer auf digitale Geschäftsmodelle spezifizierten Alternative zum weit verbreiteten generischen Business Model Canvas zur Geschäftsmodellkonzeption. Methodisch wurden zur Ermittlung der Anforderungen an dieses neue Artefakt eine Online-Befragung mit den Teilnehmern einer Entrepreneurship Summer School und 16 semi-strukturierte Experteninterviews ausgewertet und mit Erkenntnissen der Literatur trianguliert. Basierend auf den identifizierten Schwachstellen des weit verbreiteten Business Model Canvas im Digitalkontext und synthetisierten Anforderungen an ein digitalspezifisches Visualisierungsinstrument entsteht das Digital Canvas als Lösungsvorschlag. Dieses besteht aus neun Bausteinen, deren Inhalte kompakt vorgestellt werden und durch einen bereitgestellten Leitfaden bei der systematischen Erarbeitung unterstützen. Die Potentiale und Limitationen des an das digital transformierende Ökosystem angepasste Canvas werden diskutiert. Im Ergebnis steht ein praxisnahes Hilfsmittel zur Ausgestaltung digitaler Geschäftsmodelle bereit, welches sich für den Einsatz in der Lehre als auch für die praktische Nutzung durch Entrepreneure eignet.
Un sexto principio para el 'Manifiesto por una pedagogía post-crítica'
Authors: Ayuste González Ana , Trilla Bernet Jaume
Published: May 2020

Este artículo pretende entrar en diálogo con el «Manifiesto por una pedagogía post-crítica» planteado por Naomi Hodgson, Joris Vlieghe, y Piotr Zamojski. Después de una breve introducción, dedicamos la mayor parte del artículo a ir comentando, a veces críticamente, cada uno de los cinco principios que exponen los autores para defender el giro de una pedagogía crítica a una pedagogía post-crítica. En la última parte del artículo, nos atrevemos a proponer y justificar un sexto principio que, según nuestro parecer enriquecería a ambas pedagogías: «Toda pedagogía crítica o post-crítica, por el mismo hecho de ser pedagogía antes que crítica o post-crítica, debería reconocer, explicitar y comprometerse con proyectos y prácticas educativas viables capaces de contribuir a la transformación de las realidades criticadas».
Reframing the ordinary: cyberspace and education
Authors: Mace Rebecca
Published: May 2020

In an era dominated by social media, reportedly more concerned with self-expression than self-reflection, the classical injunction to ‘Know Thyself’ has renewed purchase. Increased self-knowledge on the whole enables a student to become more self-determining by exercising a choice, a ‘freedom to be’ that is central to the human condition. Identity construction, development and formation are all considered important functions within education, and many teachers adopt a pedagogical approach that stimulates adolescents to connect what they are taught to who they are and want to be. However, much of this development of self-knowledge takes place in non-formal learning environments, be they co-curricular clubs or activities outside of school. It is my contention that social media offers as much in terms of exploring new identity positions as these more traditional locations for self-learning. Although many do not feel a need to articulate and share in order to believe they are present in the world there are an increasing number of those, who believe that to be is to be perceived through online expression. Rather than focusing upon the envy inducing ‘Perfect Me’ posts that are so often linked to the decline in adolescent mental health and wellbeing, this paper explores how mundane and banal posts on social media can be used to frame and reframe aspects of modern life which in turn promotes self-learning. By drawing attention to the average, everydayness of existence, the relationship between the seemingly ordinary and self-knowledge becomes more apparent. This paper considers the potential individuals have for coming to know themselves a little more deeply as they move through a process of self expression, to self curation, to self construal, to self construction. Rather than asking ‘What is it to be in the [online] world?’ it poses the slightly different question: ‘What is it to present being?’. It also considers the space between these two questions as offering potential for fostering the wider educational ideal, that of greater self-knowledge.
Ni crítica ni post-crítica: por una pedagogía sin atributos
Authors: Noguera Ramírez Carlos Ernesto
Published: May 2020

El presente escrito constituye una respuesta al Manfiesto por una Pedagogía Post-crítca de Hodgson, Vlieghe y Zamojski. Parte del reconocimiento de puntos de coincidencia con los trabajos que algunos autores latinoamericanos han desarrollado al respecto, pero señala que el Manifiesto no consigue identificar el problema central de las pedagogías críticas. En esta dirección, el texto argumenta que el problema central de esas tendencias consiste en que su concepción de poder está circunscrita a lo que Foucault denominó las hipótesis bélica y represiva del poder. Tal forma de entender el poder, como confrontación o represión, hace que la educación se conciba como una acción política y, de esta manera, se invisibiliza su carácter fundamentalmente antropológico, o en términos de Sloterdijk, antropotécnico. Una de las consecuencias más significativas de este hecho es que la educación y la pedagogía viene sufriendo un proceso de politización frente al cual es necesaria y urgente una «crítica» de las «tendencias críticas» que se sustente en el horizonte conceptual de la pedagogía, y cuyo efecto sea su actualización y reconceptualización. Tal ejercicio permitiría producir nuevas herramientas que ayuden a comprender el funcionamiento de la educación como proyecto de la modernidad. La crítica de las tendencias críticas se plantea desde los conceptos de gobierno (Foucault) y antropotécnicas (Sloterdijk) que aplicados al análisis de la constitución del concepto moderno de educación llevan a proponer, siguiendo los análisis de Antelo y Serra, una pedagogía sin atributos, es decir, ni crítica ni post-crítica.
Manifiesto por una pedagogía post-crítica (traducción al español)
Authors: Hodgson Naomi , Vlieghe Joris , Zamojski Piotr
Published: May 2020

A finales de 2016 se presentó en la Liverpool Hope University el conocido Manifesto for Post-Critical Pedagogy elaborado por los profesores Naomi Hodgson, Joris Vlieghe y Piotr Zamojski. Posteriormente se publicó en 2017 con respuestas de Tyson Lewis, Geert Thyssen, Olga Ververi, Oren Ergas, Norm Friesen y Stefan Ramaekers, a las que se añadieron otras tantas contestaciones de los autores. Los cinco principios propuestos en el Manifiesto son: 1) Hay principios que defender. 2) De la pedagogía hermenéutica a una hermenéutica pedagógica. 3) De una pedagogía crítica a una pedagogía post-crítica. 4) Del optimismo cruel a la esperanza en el presente. 5) Desde una educación para la ciudadanía a un amor por el mundo. La revista Teoría de la Educación. Revista Interuniversitaria, en su voluntad de ofrecer a la comunidad académica una visión plural de las nuevas tendencias en los análisis teóricos de la educación, propone en este número monográfico la traducción al español del Manifiesto, una introducción de los autores en el que dan cuenta de las razones y desarrollos del Manifiesto y, por último, una serie de respuestas que han elaborado miembros destacados de la comunidad académica iberoamericana del campo de la Teoría de la Educación.
Development and validation of the first brazilian french-based asphalt mix complex modulus and fatigue test apparatus
Authors: Barra Breno , Momm Leto , Guerrero Yader , Brosseaud Yves , Momm Gustavo
Published: May 2020

The main aim of this paper is to present the development and validation procedures of the first brazilian french-based asphalt mix complex modulus and fatigue test apparatus, so-called FADECOM, in order to demonstrate the effective application of the results obtained in pavement design procedures. Magnetic sensitive Hall Effect non-contact captors determine amplitude displacement, while loading cells capture force amplitude by a diaphragm system. Independent cooling and heating chambers assure a precise temperature control comprising a range from -30ºC to above 100ºC with an accuracy of 0.1ºC. A frequency inverter controls the emission of pulses usually set from 1Hz to 30Hz. For validating the apparatus, a scientific cooperation agreement was dealt with French Institute of Transportation Sciences and Technologies, Development and Road Network (IFSTTAR), in which specimen samples were tested in both UFSC and IFSTTAR laboratories. The crossed-results obtained indicate an excellent performance and accuracy of FADECOM apparatus, presenting variations around just 3 microstrains in determining fatigue strains at 106 cycles (e6) and less than 10% related to the complex stiffness modulus, demonstrating huge accuracy of the FADECOM apparatus and its practical feasibility to be applied in pavement design procedures, based on the technical principles of French methodology.
Algorithm for determination of the damage characteristic (C-S) curve of asphalt mixtures
Authors: De Almeida Francisco José Pereira , Silva Suyanne Costa , Soares Jorge Barbosa , Parente Junior Evandro
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the algorithm for calculating the damage characteristic curve obtained in direct tension tests taking into account sinusoidal controlled strain loading. The Viscoelastic Continuum Damage formulation is presented in a summarized form for the algorithm, in which the pseudo strain, at the instants associated to the observed stress, is calculated using the expression of the linear viscoelasticity stress under controlled strain testing. This facilitates subsequent treatment of the data to obtain the  vs.  curve. The proposed algorithm is simple to understand and easy to implement computationally. The algorithm was validated with the results of fatigue test simulations in three mixtures, which have indicated its potential.
Índice de vulnerabilidad ante el COVID-19 en México
Authors: Suárez Lastra Manuel , Valdés González Carlos , Galindo Pérez M. Carlos , Salvador Guzmán L. Enrique , Ruiz Rivera Naxhelli , Alcántara-Ayala Irasema , López Cervantes Malaquías , Rosales Tapia Ana R. , Lee Alardin William , Benítez Pérez Héctor , Bringas López O. Arturo , Oropeza Orozco Oralia , Peralta Higuera Armando , Garnica-Peña Ricardo J.
Published: May 2020

Se elaboró un índice de vulnerabilidad ante el COVID-19 para México a escala municipal (2,457 municipios) que permite identificar la distribución espacial de los diferentes factores que generan mayor susceptibilidad al daño o las consecuencias adversas que pueden tener las personas. El índice integra tres dimensiones de vulnerabilidad: demográfica, de salud y socioeconómica. A su vez, cada dimensión integra una serie de indicadores relacionados con el tipo de vulnerabilidad que expresan. La información resultante facilita la toma de decisiones sustentada en bases científicas.El índice de vulnerabilidad está clasificado en cuatro grados: Medio, Alto, Muy Alto y Crítico. El grado medio de vulnerabilidad se encuentra principalmente en los grandes centros urbanos que cuentan con la mayor infraestructura de salud, y la mayor capacidad económica. 63.2% de la población vive en municipios con vulnerabilidad media. El grado alto de vulnerabilidad se presenta en municipios con localidades urbanas de tamaño medio, y con una proporción de población indígena ligeramente menor a la media nacional. La infraestructura de salud es escasa. Su marginación se encuentra ligeramente debajo del promedio nacional. 17.6% de la población nacional reside en estos municipios. El grado muy alto de vulnerabilidad se observa en municipios que concentran 11.7% de la población nacional. Se trata de municipios de marginación por arriba del promedio nacional con áreas urbanas pequeñas. El porcentaje de población indígena se encuentra por arriba del promedio nacional. La infraestructura de salud es muy escasa, con una tasa de hacinamiento mayor a las primeras dos categorías. Los hogares cuentan con pocos medios de comunicación, y la producción económica es precaria.El grado crítico de vulnerabilidad se presenta en municipios que concentran al 7.5% de la población del país. Se trata de municipios primordialmente rurales con el porcentaje más alto de personas mayores de 60 años y una importante proporción de población indígena. Los servicios de salud son críticamente escasos. Su marginación está muy por arriba de la media nacional, muestran el mayor nivel de hacinamiento, el menor acceso a medios de comunicación y una economía muy precaria.Con base en los resultados se hace una serie de recomendaciones de las medidas urgentes que deben realizarse a nivel territorial con la finalidad de mitigar el potencial impacto del COVID-19 en la sociedad mexicana.
Transnational leben
Authors: Schachtner Christina
Published: May 2020

Christina Schachtner widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie Migrant_innen durch ihre alltäglichen, medial gestützten Praktiken transnationale soziokulturelle Räume schaffen, wie sie durch (digitale) Medien soziale Beziehungen aufrechterhalten und herstellen, wie sie ihre transnationalen Erfahrungen in mediale Produkte transformieren und welche Selbstkonzepte ihren bewegten Zugehörigkeiten korrespondieren. Er basiert auf Interviews und Visualisierungen mit Migrant_innen, die aus verschiedenen afrikanischen, arabischen und europäischen Ländern nach Österreich oder Deutschland gekommen sind und hier eine längerfristige Arbeits- und Lebensperspektive entwickeln (wollen). Die Analyse erfolgte mit einem medien- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Forschungsansatz.
Real und virtuell auf der Flucht
Authors: Sauer Karin Elinor , Hasselbach Marc
Published: May 2020

Karin E. Sauer und Marc Hasselbach widmen sich realem und virtuellem Bewältigungshandeln im Kontext Flucht. Mittels Clearweb- und Darknet-Recherche zur Situation von Frauen aus Syrien wird gezeigt, welche potenziell traumatischen Ereignisse (PTE) vor, während und nach der Flucht auftreten. Dabei wird deutlich, wie PTE dazu führen können, dass über das Medium »Darknet« die Flucht aus dem eigenen Land vorbereitet und realisiert wird. Die Bedeutung der anonymen virtuellen Kommunikation für real auf der Flucht benötigte Dokumente und Dienstleistungen wird herausgearbeitet. Daneben werden weitere PTE im Kontext Flucht aufgezeigt, darunter reale und virtuelle rassistische oder sexualisierte Gewalt. Um diesbezüglich Unterstützungsangebote zu schaffen, werden Aufgaben für eine (Digitale) Soziale Arbeit als Menschenrechtsprofession benannt, die im Rahmen eines erweiterten sozialraumorientierten Fachdiskurses gelöst werden müssen.
Biometrische Maß-Nahmen als spektraler Trend zum digitalen Grenzmanagement
Authors: Oberprantacher Andreas
Published: May 2020

Grenzkontrollen, so die zentrale These dieses Beitrages, finden nicht unbedingt dort statt, wo sie für gewöhnlich erwartet werden - etwa an der Nahtstelle von Staaten als miteinander verwobene territoriale Entitäten -, sondern häufig anderswo: Als biometrische Maßnahmen haben sich Grenzkontrollen von ihrer Bindung an stationäre Grenzanlagen tendenziell gelöst. Sie »entbinden« sich in dem Maße, wie Datenpakete mit »sensiblen Informationen« zwischen diversen Relaisstationen eines transnationalen Grenzmanagements fluktuieren, um so »Illegaler« habhaft zu werden, die zwischenstaatliche Grenzen geographisch bereits passiert haben, aber informatisch nachweisbar, d. h. hypothetisch greifbar bleiben.
Sistemas educacionais do Brasil, Chile e México: análise dos currículos prescristos de Matemática
Authors: Cerqueria Dermeval Santos , Silva Marcelo Navarro da
Published: May 2020

Este artigo insere-se no contexto dos estudos comparativos sobre organização e desenvolvimento curricular, na área de Educação Matemática, no Brasil, Chile e México. A intenção é evidenciar os impactos dos resultados de pesquisa em Educação Matemática nos documentos oficiais desses países, elaborados a partir dos anos 90 do século XX e apresentar semelhanças e diferenças dos Currículos Prescritos de Matemática. Utilizou-se como percurso da comparação curricular a Educação Comparada de documentos que prescrevem os sistemas educacionais e os Currículos de Matemática da educação básica. Na análise comparativa aponta-se uma diferenciação na estruturação curricular, ênfase da álgebra no currículo chileno e mexicano e semelhança como o uso da resolução de problema no processo de ensino e aprendizagem nos três países.
Diálogos sobre o currículo da formação inicial de professores de matemática: narrativas discentes
Authors: Neto Cleber Dias da Costa , Giraldo Victor
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho investiga o currículo da Licenciatura em Matemática de uma perspectiva dos discentes desse curso na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Analisamos episódios selecionados dos dados produzidos em uma roda de conversa com doze participantes, egressos e estudantes do curso. Buscamos responder às questões acerca das percepções desses atores sobre como suas práticas são constituídas pelo currículo do curso, relacionando-as com as formas por meio das quais suas ações como discentes têm um papel na construção desse currículo. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se em um processo de re-storying (NARDI, 2016), por meio do qual identificamos episódios, analisados em diálogos ficcionais entre personagens, sob um prisma teórico de narrativas (BARBOSA, 2015), formação de professores (TARDIF, 2013; NÓVOA, 2009; COCHRAN-SMITH, LYTLE, 1999; MOREIRA, 2012) e currículo (LOPES, 2013; GABRIEL, 2013; SILVA, 2014). Nossa análise revela percepções, consensos e contradições dos participantes sobre o currículo da Licenciatura em Matemática na Instituição.
Evaluating online courses via course-related competencies – A mixed-methods quasi-experiment evaluation study of an HIV Prevention Webcourses among college students
Authors: Hou Su-I
Published: May 2020

Abstract: This convergent mixed method quasi-experiment study evaluates the effectiveness of an HIV Prevention Webcourses on reaching HIV related competencies among college students at a large public university in Florida. College students in health majors participated in the study, experiment group were students enrolled in the HIV Webcourses and comparison group were students who enrolled in non-HIV related courses from the same college. Six HIV competencies along with HIV knowledge were measured.  Qualitative comments on own learning were also gathered from the experiment group of students. A total of 944 students participated (508 experimental and 436 comparison students).  The reliability of the 6-item HIV competency scale showed satisfactory internal consistencies (Cronbach alpha = .914; CITCs ranged .670-.804). Regression analyses, controlling for their baseline scores, showed that students in the HIV Webcourses scored significant higher than comparison group (all p<.001) on all the six competencies. Regression analyses also showed significant differences on objective HIV knowledge test, perceived HIV knowledge in general and about HIV testing specifically between groups (p<.001).  Students commented they genuinely loved this course as it was extremely well organized, very useful, interesting and informative, and enjoyed the professor’s passion of the topics.  Students also commented how the personal stories and videos gave perspectives and provided life-changing lessons. Both the quantitative and qualitative data on student learnings convergently demonstrated the impact of this online course. Current study suggested effective design strategies and provided data to support the effectiveness of Webcourses on reaching course-related competencies among college students.
Wicked Problems Through a New Lens: Combining Active Learning Strategies for Solutions-Oriented Teaching
Authors: Bishop-Williams Katherine Elizabeth
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Wicked problems are large, complex problems involving multiple perspectives that present substantial future challenges. These challenges can be overwhelming for learners and pose difficulties in teaching for instructors. Herein a solutions-oriented teaching strategy that amalgamates proven active learning strategies is presented along with a step-by-step guide and materials list. Evidence of student learning is provided. This strategy provides students the opportunity to view complex, wicked problems from multiple perspectives and to visualize their role in future solutions.
LASER-ULTRASONIC METHOD OF ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT FOR QUANTITATIVE POROSITY ESTIMATION OF CROSS-PLY CARBON FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC MATERIALS
Authors: Sokolovskaya Yu. G. , Podymova N. B. , Karabutov A. A.
Published: May 2020

A method of measuring the acoustic impedance of carbon fiber plastics based on the laser optoacoustic effect is proposed and experimentally realized. Measurement of the acoustic impedance of the studied composite is made by the value of the antiderivative of ultrasonic pulse reflected from the interface between the immersion liquid and the sample. A method for determining the porosity of a material by the measured value of the acoustic impedance, based on the dependence of the material density and the velocity of propagation of longitudinal acoustic waves in it on its porosity, is presented. Porous samples of crossply reinforced carbon plastics with three types of carbon fiber lay-up schemes were studied. It was found that the studied carbon fiber plastics have a non-uniform distribution of local porosity in the plane of carbon fabric stacking. It is also shown that the variation of the local porosity in the sample depends on the fiber laying scheme. It is shown that the porosity value obtained by X-ray computed tomography coincides with the results of laser-ultrasonic measurements. The advantage of the proposed method is the possibility of rapid diagnosis of porosity with one-way access to the object under study without measuring its dimensions and mass, which can be used for composite structures of complex shape.
Дональд Трамп и избиратели: оценки основных проблем
Authors: Попов Николай Петрович
Published: May 2020

В статье на основе изучения обширного массива результатов опросов общественного мнения в США рассматриваются отношения американцев к деятельности президента Дональда Трампа. Анализ общественного мнения за время его президентства показывает, что многие американцы не разделяет подходы Трампа к ключевым проблемам внутренней и внешней политики. На основании этих оценок будут формироваться электоральные намерения американских избирателей на предстоящих президентских выборах в ноябре 2020 года.
Американцы положительно оценивают действия Трампа в сфере экономики, отмечая экономический рост в стране, снижение безработицы, высказывая положительные прогнозы на будущее. В то же время многие отмечают, что от снижения налогов выиграли, прежде всего, богатые слои, при этом среди небелого населения большинство негативно оценивает экономическую политику Трампа. Также критически большинство американцев оценивают политику Трампа по отмене, радикальному изменению системы медицинского страхования, принятой при Бараке Обаме («Обамакер»).
Одним из первых шагов Трампа в области экологии и изменении климата стал выход США из Парижского соглашения по изменению климата. Тогда же, в 2017 г., опросы показали, что большинство населения против этого — 53%, в то время как поддержали этот шаг лишь 30%.
По главным вопросам иммигрантской политики Трампа общественное мнение в основном определилось: американцы готовы принять незаконных иммигрантов, приехавших детьми, они против строительства стены на границе с Мексикой и считают, что число иммигрантов должно оставаться таким же, как сегодня, или увеличиться, а не сокращаться. Эти оценки идут вразрез политике Трампа.
53% избирателей считают, что «президент США Дональд Трамп не говорил правду о своей политике в отношении Украины»; 54% — что он «злоупотребил своими полномочиями в действиях относительно Украины»; 52% — что Трамп препятствовал конгрессу в расследовании его действий по отношении к Украине. И 48% считают, что Трамп совершал преступления на посту президента, 44% так не думают.
Большинство американцев критически оценивают действия президента Трампа во время эпидемии коронавируса, особенно в начальной фазе кризиса.
В целом деятельность Трампа на посту президента 50% американцев оценивают отрицательно, 40% положительно и 10% не имеют мнения. Лишь в области экономики положительные оценки превышают отрицательные — 50% : 39%.
Ответственность науки и общество: может ли биоэтика повлиять на медицинскую практику?
Authors: Шок Наталия Петровна
Published: May 2020

Статья основана на материалах интервью с профессором Милдред Соломон, президентом одной из старейших и крупнейших независимых исследовательских организаций в области биоэтики в США — Центра Гастингс. Цель данного материала не только в том, чтобы пояснить, что такое биоэтика (этому посвящено много книг и публикаций). В большей степени статья нацелена на анализ того, как биоэтика может: 1) влиять на науку и, используя социологические исследования, вносить изменения в клиническую практику, формируя новые нормы общения, а также в политику в сфере общественного здравоохранения; 2) воздействовать на национальное и международное законодательство в области здравоохранения; 3) способствовать созданию междисциплинарных команд, независимых площадок гражданской активности; 4) посредством гражданской активности ученых формировать глобальную сеть образовательных и научно-исследовательских центров по всему миру, ориентированных на исследование национальных аспектов биоэтики и практики медицины, организации научных обменов и проектов, которые призваны создать этику глобального здравоохранения. Также статья рассматривает, что такое Центр Гастингс, как устроена работа независимого исследовательского проекта и каков его вклад в развитие биоэтики в условиях эпидемии. Этот аспект демонстрируется на примере аналитических материалов ученых, а также гражданской инициативы около 1400 биоэтиков и работников здравоохранения США, адресованной федеральному Правительству с рекомендациями о корректировке государственных противоэпидемических мер.
Благодарность. Работа выполнена в рамках проекта РНФ № 18-78-10018 «Проблемы биоэтики в историческом контексте и социокультурной динамике общества».
Прочтение визуальных метафор о планировании карьеры у поколения молодых миллениалов
Authors: Свирщевская Анна Дмитриевна , Пашкевич Анна Валерьевна
Published: May 2020

В статье приводятся результаты социологического исследования, реализованного авторами с применением техники глубинных метафор для изучения характера построения карьеры поколением молодых миллениалов в возрасте 21—24 лет, имеющих опыт работы не менее полутора лет. Методически исследование сочетает в себе элементы биографического интервью, подготовку респондентами «визуальных комплексов» (диафильмов) о планировании своей карьеры и обсуждение («прочтение») этих визуальных образов вместе с исследователями. Особое внимание уделено диагностике ключевых поколенческих страхов. На основе десяти главных метафор и страхов эмпирически выделены шесть моделей построения профессионального пути, или четыре модели в укрупненной раскладке: карьера как калькулируемый проект («вижу цель — не вижу препятствий»), карьера как неразменность жизненных принципов («выбор большинства других мне не подходит»), карьера как воплощение заданной традиции («так было принято, потому так надо»), карьера как безлимитное приключение («одним словом, авантюра»). Статья содержит детальное описание типологии, а также всех визуальных метафор, полученных в проведенном исследовании, в виде структурных схем.