bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of community stakeholders’ and health educators and professionals needs for the continuous enhancement of sexual and reproductive health and rights within the CLEFS project in Mali: Protocol for a convergent mixed-methods study (Preprint)
Authors: Abou Malham Sabina , Traoré Doufain , Dicko Fatoumata , Blouin-Genest Gabriel , Boudreau Jennyfer , Sidibé Drissa Mansa , Sidibé Souleymane , Goïta Issa Souleymane , Sangaré Aminata , Coulibaly Moussa Nianson , Togo Mohamed , Kouyaté Massaba , Diarra Delphine , Rietmann Michèle , Boulanger Suzie , Grégoire Ann Isabelle , Milot David-Martin , Stecko Sarah
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

In Mali, a lack of qualified human resources (HR) in primary health care (PHC) and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) is one of the greatest barriers to the population's access to standard health services. Frontline professional trainings require to be strengthened to respond to the needs of the population, particularly those of women and girls. Trainings must be conducted with an interdisciplinary and adapted approach as well as to promote gender equality (GE).

OBJECTIVE

To identify the SRHR training needs among community, educational actors and primary health care providers.

METHODS

Convergent mixed methods research was adopted, using two methods:

(1) A quantitative method, through a cross-sectional analytical survey conducted at the community level with university community health centers (CSCom-U ) users and adolescents in CSCom-U health areas, as well as at the health education institution and community health centers (CSCom ) levels with teachers, students and interdisciplinary professional groups within the CSCom-U and district hospital maternity. Descriptive and inferential analyses will be conducted to process quantitative data.

(2) A qualitative method, based on three sources of data (focus groups, individual semi-structured interviews, document analysis) and which involved the same targets as the quantitative component, with additional community actors such as Community Health Associations (ASACO) and Women's Service User Communities. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data using a mixed deductive and inductive method will be performed.

RESULTS

This study will provide a better understanding of adolescents and SRHR users services needs in terms of health services availability and quality and SRHR knowledge, issues related to student training quality, the level of adequacy between the training offered and the actual needs of the service recipients and the level of preparation and ability of teachers to provide quality teaching taking gender equality into account.

CONCLUSIONS

The recommendations drawn from this assessment will propose concrete actions to improve women and girls' health services provided by professionals, and to better adapt the future health professionals’ profiles to the needs of communities, and more particularly of women and girls.
Experiences of Birth Attendants on upward obstetric emergency referrals in low-and-middle-income countries: A scoping review protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Juqu Final Z , Mbobnda Kapche Esther L , Baloyi Olivia B , Ham-Baloyi Wilma ten , Chironda Geldine
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Every day, approximately 800 women die from pregnancy-related causes, alongside 2.6 million stillbirths and 2.8 million neonatal deaths annually. Inadequate referral by skilled birth attendants hinders timely access to necessary emergency obstetric care, challenging progress towards the maternal health Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 3). The COVID-19 pandemic further disrupted care in low- and middle-income countries, forcing women to rely on traditional birth attendants, thereby affecting the referral system. It is crucial to understand the experiences of both skilled and traditional birth attendants with upward referrals in emergency obstetric care to identify barriers and facilitators within these systems in low- and middle-income countries.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to map existing evidence on the experiences of skilled and traditional birth attendants regarding upward referral systems in emergency obstetric care within low- and middle-income countries.

METHODS

We will conduct a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodological framework. Studies will be included if they report on experiences with upward referral in obstetrical emergencies. We will consider studies published in English and French from 2016 to July 2024. The literature search will be conducted in databases including PubMed, EBSCOhost (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL with full text), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Identified citations will be managed using EndNote version 21 and Rayyan. Two independent reviewers will screen eligible studies, resolving disagreements through discussion with a third reviewer. Data will be extracted using a validated form and analyzed through content analysis, with findings presented narratively. This protocol aligns with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

RESULTS

The review will offer a comprehensive narrative on upward referral systems in obstetrical emergencies, focusing on transitions from traditional birth attendants to healthcare facilities and from lower to higher levels of healthcare. Findings will be disseminated through medical education conferences and publications.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review could significantly impact maternal and neonatal care by identifying the referral experiences of skilled and traditional birth attendants. The insights may inform interventions that integrate traditional birth attendants into healthcare systems, potentially reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. The results will guide future research aimed at developing a model to improve upward referrals for obstetric emergencies in Sub-Saharan Africa.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Development and Pilot Testing of an Addiction Clinic-Based PrEP Uptake and Adherence Intervention for Women with Substance Use Disorders: A Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Heads Angela M. , Santa Maria Diane , Hill Mandy J , Suchting Robert , Evans Kimberly N. , Gaul Zaneta , Yammine Luba , Schmitz Joy M. , de Dios Constanza
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Black/African American and Hispanic/Latina cisgender women in the United States continue to bear disproportionate incidence of HIV related to sexual transmission and injection drug use. Specifically, women with substance use disorders (SUD) are more likely to engage in vaginal or anal condomless sex associated with HIV transmission. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective HIV prevention tool but is not widely used by racial/ethnic minority women. Effective interventions for engaging women with SUD in HIV prevention interventions that are culturally tailored and, therefore, more appealing to racial/ethnic minority women with SUD are critically needed.

OBJECTIVE

This study will assess the initial efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of an integrated SUD treatment and PrEP services intervention to increase the uptake and adherence to PrEP among racial/ethnic minority cisgender women.

METHODS

A three-phased mixed methods research design will involve formative qualitative methods to design the intervention (Phase 1), theatre testing to adapt and refine the intervention (Phase 2), and randomized controlled trial (RCT) methods to pilot test the intervention for efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability (Phase 3). The pilot RCT will enroll and randomize 60 women to either the standard SUD treatment program or SUD treatment integrated with PrEP services. The integrated intervention will include four motivational counseling sessions guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral (IMB) Skills Model to increase the uptake of PrEP. A mobile health app will be used to engage participants with the intention of motivating PrEP initiation and supporting adherence to PrEP.

RESULTS

Findings from individual qualitative interviews informed the development of the integrated intervention. Study recruitment for the randomized pilot (Phase 3) launched in May 2024. Additional statistical analyses will be performed upon completion of the study.

CONCLUSIONS

This addiction-clinic based behavioral intervention aims to increase PrEP uptake and adherence among racial/ethnic minority cisgender women who engage in sexual and substance use behaviors associated with increased susceptibility to HIV transmission. The integrated intervention has the potential to reduce HIV-related disparities among Black and Hispanic/Latina cisgender women with SUD. Findings from this study will provide a foundation for future HIV prevention interventions for racial/ethnic minority cisgender women with SUD.

CLINICALTRIAL

This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06158607).
A SURVEY TO STUDY THE USE OF OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUGS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: BARDE ANITA A. , PATEL SIDDHI
Published: August 2024

Objective: Non-prescriptive drugs, commonly known as Over-The-Counter (OTC) drugs, are medications purchased without a doctor's prescription. The prevalence of OTC drug use is increasing globally, driven by factors such as rising socioeconomic status, increased literacy rates, and easy access to information. Responsible self-medication necessitates ensuring drug quality and comprehensive information about administration, dosage, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR), and interactions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, types, misuse, and adverse effects of OTC drug use among medical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Dr DY Patil Medical College, Pune, India, from October 2022 to November 2022. Medical students from the first year to interns were included in the study. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was collected from participants. A questionnaire with multiple-choice questions was distributed to assess OTC drug use patterns and ADR. Data from 379 participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Among the 379 participants (57% female, 43% male; age range 18-27 y), 98% reported self-medication. The most commonly used OTC drugs were cough syrups (87%), antibiotics (77%), analgesics (71%), cold medicine (63%), motion sickness medication (49%), sleeping pills (32%), sedatives (19%), and others (1%). Misuse patterns revealed that 43% used OTC drugs once a day, 50% used them twice a day, and 6% used them thrice a day, and 1% used those more than three times a day. ADR included dry mouth (73%), hypersensitivity (69%), diarrhea (64%), anxiety (61%), increased heart rate (41%), blackout (37%), breathing issues (33%), and others (1%). Main reasons for OTC drug use were easy availability (100%), cheaper prices (92%), time savings (100%), and avoiding consultation fees (100%).
Conclusion: Addressing improper use of OTC drugs is vital for preventing adverse effects drug resistance and ensuring proper healthcare practices. The distinction between 'misuse' and 'abuse' of OTC drugs should be recognized and addressed to promote responsible self-medication practices among medical students and the broader population.
TO EVALUATE THE ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBE IN SWISS ALBINO MOUSE
Authors: DEKA NANDITA , BORDOLOI PALLAVI , DEKA DIPJYOTI
Published: August 2024

Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the anti-epileptic potential of Hydroalcoholic (30:70) Extracts of leaves of Ziziphus jujube (HELZJ) in Maximal Electroshock Seizure (MES) induced convulsions and to compare its efficacy with standard drug-phenytoin for MES method.
Methods: Different doses of HELZJ were separately administered orally to 4 groups (total 20 numbers) of Swiss albino mice (20±2 g). Phenytoin was used as positive control. After 30 min, tonic-clonic seizures were induced by MES method. Animals were monitored for 1 hour and different parameters, including decrease in duration of tonic hind limb flexion, tonic hind limb extension, clonus and postictal depression, were noted. Results were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison post hoc test. The significant difference was established when probability value (p-value) was less than 0.05.
Results: The HELZJ had shown a significant anticonvulsant effect against MES-induced convulsions in Swiss albino mice mean duration of tonic hind limb extension of both the test groups, T1(1.50±3.21) and T2 (0.17±0.41) were significantly reduced compared to the control group (12.50±3.54).
Conclusion: The HELZJ contains the phenolic compounds which may induce the Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) transmission that could be attributed to the anti-epileptic activity.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF MIMOSA PUDICA ON SWISS ALBINO MOUSE
Authors: BASUMATARY HIRINA , BORDOLOI PALLAVI , DEKA DIPJYOTI
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the acute anti-inflammatory activity of Aqueous Extract of Mimosa pudica (AEMP) on carrageenan-induced paw edema on Swiss albino mouse and to compare the histopathology findings of control, standard and treated Paws of mouse.
Methods: 24 Albino mice (20±2g) were divided into 6 groups. Anti-inflammatory activity using carageenan-induced paw edema method were measured at various intervals on Day 1 followed by histopathological examination of paw. Aspirin was taken as the standard drug, three different doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) of AEMP were taken as test drug. Left paw of mouse was considered as control. Statistical analyses were done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests, p-value<0.05 was considered for significant difference.
Results: AEMP showed significant anti-inflammatory activity at all doses (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) when compared to carrageenan-induced group. The study showed that test drug AEMP at the dose of 400 mg/kg produced maximum reduction of paw edema at 4 h. The reduction in paw edema of mice was lower in the 1 h and showed maximum reduction at 4 h. The AEMP significant (p≤0.05) anti-inflammatory activities in a dose-dependent manner to that of the standard drug Aspirin.
Conclusion: The study suggests that AEMP has anti-inflammatory property and can be used in the treatment of pain. However, further study is necessary in this regard.
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOOLIGOSACCHARIDE HYDROLYSATE PREPARED FROM CHITOSANASE ENZYME OF MARINE ISOLATES
Authors: VANATHI P.
Published: August 2024

Objective: The present study was carried out to develop an enzymatic hydrolysate with unique biological properties targeting diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: Chitosanase-producing organisms were isolated and used to create chitooligosaccharide hydrolysate. Various techniques, such as FTIR, NMR, and X-ray diffraction, were used. Antimicrobial activity was tested using disc diffusion and well diffusion methods. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined through the Chitooligosaccharide-Broth Dilution Method.
Results: The study identified marine mud samples and isolated S9, S15, and SF12 as significant sources of chitosanase production. The partially purified chitosanolytic enzymes produced by these isolates were hydrolyzed in a 1% chitosan solution at 180 °C, revealing more prominent antimicrobial activity. The Chitooligosaccharide Hydrolysate (COS) preparation was fixed at 45 °C, pH 5.5, for 180 min. The chitosanase enzyme was soluble in four solvents and insoluble in ethanol, acetone, and diethyl ether. All COS hydrolysates prepared showed antimicrobial activity against foot ulcer pathogens, Pseudomonas sp., and Candida albicans. S9 COS showed higher activity than SF12 hydrolysates against foot ulcer pathogens. The COS hydrolysate showed significantly stronger antimicrobial activities than chitosan and chitosanase.
Conclusion: The present study concludes that COS hydrolysate and its biological functions are applicable for diabetic foot ulcer treatment. Further investigation into the efficacy of COS against diverse infectious pathogens is needed.
Responsibility of Libraries and New Technology for Quality Education
Authors: Pagade Dr. Prashant S.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The Present paper focuses on Responsibility of College libraries in Educational improvement which has huge Significance in the today’s world. College or academic library is played significant role in this rapid alerting computing period their role contains classification and assessment of information its institute of administration store room recovery and distribution to correct at right value and in exactly arrangement. The goal of academic or college libraries get of academic or college libraries get together the teaching and learning research and additional information requirement of the user. At current the online records, income help configuration of the colleges at supply distribution with the libraries at supply distribution with the libraries. The institution of E-publishing has conveyed a rebellion in magazine, Periodical donation and admission libraries instrument. Therefore, the paper explains a variety of New Technologies purpose in the College or academic libraries keyword computer, E-Resources, Internet RFID Technology.
Монголын мэргэжлийн чавхдаст хөгжимчдийн ур чадварын хөгжилд зөвлөлтийн мэргэжилтнүүдийн оруулсан хувь нэмэр
Authors: G Otgonjargal ,   National University of Mongolia, Kh Saranchimeg
Published: August 2024

This paper is a study on the foundation of the western music education in Mongolia, the professional skills of artists, and the choronology of changes occured on the design and development in some national musical instruments and how it was transmitted and developed with the participation of expert teachers of the former Soviet Union. This study was written based on examples of string instruments, which created favorable conditions for clarifying the role played by Soviet music teachers and experts. The main content of this paper consists of the period of introduction of western music and western music sheet in Mongolia (1914-1937) and the period which Mongolians began to train professional artists from an early age. The original materials of the research work have been used as references from the National Central Archives, the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Education and Science, archives of National conservatory of Mongolia and other compilation of documents published in the field of culture and art.
Use Of Post Transplant Cyclophosphamide In Matched Related And Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant For Benign Hematological Disorders
Authors: Arora Sunisha , Chakraborty Sohini , Danewa Arun , BHAYANA SWATI , Bhargava Rahul , Dua Vikas
Published: August 2024

Background: Introduction of Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide (PTCy)
based immunosuppression in Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell
Transplants (HSCT) has shown to reduce the incidence of Graft vs Host
Disease (GVHD). However, data on its use in HLA matched settings is
lacking. Here we describe our experience using PTCY in pediatric
patients undergoing HSCT for the same. Methods: We retrospectively
analysed data of 16 pediatric patients who underwent HLA matched HSCT
using PTCy from March 2022 to November 2023 at our institute. Results:
Sixteen patients of median age-6 years (Range: 1 to 17 years) were
analysed. Male: female ratio was 3.3:1. Indications of transplant were
Thalassemia major in 10, severe aplastic anemia in 5 and Congenital
dyserythropoietic anemia type II in 1. Conditioning regimes used were
Rabbit ATG-Thio-Flu-Cy-2Gy TBI in 8 and Rabbit ATG-Thio-Treo-Flu-2Gy TBI
in 3 which was preceded by two cycles of pre-transplant
immunosuppression (PTIS); Rabbit ATG-Flu-Cy-4Gy TBI in 5 patients.
Median CD34 dose was 5.1 million/kg (Range: 4.7 to 5.6 million/kg). PTCy
(50 mg/kg on d+3, +4), Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine were used
as GVHD prophylaxis. Fifteen patients had neutrophil enlargement at
median 16 days (Range:11- 21 days). One patient had primary and one had
secondary graft failure. Cytomegalovirus reactivation was seen in 8
patients. Of the 14 evaluable patients, 3 patients had grade I-II acute
GVHD at median 32 days post HSCT (Range: 28-140days). None of the
patients had chronic GVHD. Median follow up duration post HSCT was 473
days (Range: 85-808 days). Event free and overall survival rates were
81.25% and 93.7% respectively. Conclusion: PTCy based approach appears
to be promising in matched related and unrelated donor transplants for
benign hematological disorders.
Design of Bandpass Filtering Power Amplifier Based on Coupled Microstrip Line Structure
Authors: Zhong Baoquan , Cheng Zhiqun , Jia Minshi , Li Bingxin , Wang Kun , Yang Zhenghao , Zhu Zheming
Published: August 2024

This letter presents a broadband high-efficiency power amplifier
(PA) based on a series of continuous modes (SCMs). A novel filtering
matching network is proposed for realizing the output matching network
(OMN) of the PA. The network consists of a branch-loaded cascade-coupled
microstrip line structure (BLCCMLS) and a harmonic control network
(HCN). The cascaded coupled microstrip line extends the bandwidth of the
filter, and this filtering OMN has high bandpass selectivity and high
out-of-band rejection, which improves the efficiency of the PA. For
demonstration, a 10W GaN HEMT device is used to design and implement a
PA. The measurement results indicate that the designed PA achieved an
output power (Pout) of 38.7-42 dBm, a drain efficiency (DE) of
60.5%-74.1%, and a gain of 8.7-12 dB at 2.05-2.7 GHz.
Performance Comparison of Some Asymmetric Data Encryption Algorithms
Authors: Oluwasanya E.O ,   Department Of Computer Science Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria., Olabiyisi S.O. , Omotosho O.I
Published: August 2024

This research compares the performance of different data encryption techniques using cryptographic evaluation metrics. Encryption in cryptography involves encoding data to prevent unauthorized access, transforming plaintext into ciphertext. Many encryption methods exist, but their effectiveness varies and has not been thoroughly assessed. Previous studies have focused on evaluating public-key cryptography, particularly RSA and ECC algorithms, across various parameters. Findings suggest risks associated with smaller key sizes. Therefore, this study evaluates the performance of RSA, DSA, PGP, and ECC algorithms. Ten JPEG medical images (ranging from 321kb to 675kb) and two video files (2.23 mb in AVI and MP4 formats) were obtained from www.pexel.com for testing purposes. The images were converted to grayscale and the video frames were converted to ASCII values to accelerate encryption and decryption processes. Python 3.11 was used to implement encryption algorithms, and their performance was evaluated based on encryption time, decryption time, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and key length. The RSA, DSA, PGP, and ECC gave 0.0065s, 0.0754s, inf (dB), and 2048 bits; 0.0486s, 0.0391s, inf (dB), and 1024 bits; 0.1986s, 0.2779s, inf (dB), and 2048 bits; 0.0125s, 0.0031s, inf (dB), and 256 bits for encryption time, decryption time, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and key length respectively for medical images. The corresponding values for video avi data were 0.0129s, 0.0609s, inf (dB), and 2048 bits; 0.1269s, 0.1339s, inf (dB), and 1024 bits; 0.2954s, 0.2428s, inf (dB), and 2048 bits; 0.0169, 0.0109s, inf (dB), and 256 bits respectively. Also, the corresponding values for video mp4 data were 0.0159s, 0.0919s, inf (dB), and 2048 bits; 0.1539s, 0.1399s, inf (dB), and 1024 bits; 0.3738s, 0.2518s, inf (dB), and 2048 bits; 0.0721, 0.0090s, inf (dB), and 256 bits respectively. The study found that ECC outperforms RSA, DSA, and PGP in operational efficiency and security. ECC demonstrates shorter decryption times and stronger key lengths, with all algorithms achieving infinite peak signal-to-noise ratios, maintaining data quality throughout encryption and decryption. While RSA has the shortest encryption time, ECC excels across other metrics. The study recommends adopting ECC for shorter encryption times, faster decryption times, higher peak-to-noise ratios, and longer keys, highlighting its overall superiority. Keywords: Cryptography, Algorithm, Asymmetric, Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA), Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA), Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Oluwasanya, E.O., Olabiyisi, S.O. & Omotosho, O.I. (2024): Performance Comparison of Some Asymmetric Data Encryption Algorithms. Journal of Advances in Mathematical & Computational Science. Vol. 12, No. 3. Pp 27-36 Available online at www.isteams.net/mathematics-computationaljournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/MATHS/V12N3P2
The Future is Intelligent: Empowering Future Ready Workforce Through Artificial Intelligence (AI) Education
Authors: Longe Olumide B. ,   Society for Multidisciplinary & Advanced Research techniques (SMART) Africa, onge Bankole-Philips , Akintunwa Fred , Omotosho Moses O.
Published: August 2024

With the current advancements of automation and robotics, it is expected that AI is going to transform the global economy in an exponential manner. To leverage the new opportunities, there is a need for preparation as well as learning and developing new skills for those new jobs. It is in this regard that Academic City is taking the AI agenda into the forefront, nurturing and empowering the African student to lead the continent into the new AI era. Academic City University College (ACity) is set to lead the sub-region in technology and innovation education with the introduction of an undergraduate degree in Artificial Intelligence (AI). The university becomes the first in Africa to offer a degree in AI. The program, which has commenced already forms part of the university’s short-term effort to develop a cadence of new programs that will invariably push the boundaries of knowledge while establishing a foothold for successful graduates in the jobs of the future. This paper projects the innovative attempt at addressing the manpower challenges in Artificial Intelligence by ACity, Accra, Ghana and her pioneering efforts in the West African sub-region that led to the launch of a new Bachelors Programme in Artificial Intelligence. The programme style and curriculum are presented while also providing perspectives on how the programme fits into the global and African quest to develop skills and strategies to upscale technological advancement as we face an intelligence-driven future. Keywords — Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics, BSc, Ghana, Degree, Education, University, UNESCO Journal Reference Format: Longe, O.B., Longe, B-P., Akintunwa, F. & Omotosho, M.O. (2021): The Future is Intelligent: Empowering Future Ready Workforce Through Artificial Intelligence (AI) Education . Journal of Behavioural Informatics, Digital Humanities and Development Research. Vol. 7.No. 2, Pp 181-192. https://www.isteams.net/behavioralinformaticsjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/V7N2P11
British royalty creates global debate on ethics in photojournalism
Authors: Sousa Fábio d'Abadia de ,   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil
Published: August 2024

Probably unwillingly, the British Royal Family, has created, in march 2024, a huge debate worldwidely about ethics in photojornalism. After global important news agencies refused to publish an adultered photo of the Wales’ princess, Kate Middleton, and her children, there has emerged a discussion about the excessive modification in photographies. That people change strictely private photos, like the selfies that inundates social mídia networks, it´s alright! But When an image reaches collective status, the adulteration with photo edition programs must be questioned, even if it involves aparentely futile subjects, like the private life of members of the British Royal Family.
Comic book fanzines in the Algarve: A reflection on the motivations of young fans in the 70s and 80s
Authors: Gil Francisco Baptista ,   Universidade do Algarve, Portugal
Published: August 2024

Since the 1930s, independent and alternative publications have gained an important place in cultural intervention and the sharing of experiences around subjects that are marginal to the dominant culture. Motivated by the enthusiastic dissemination of subjects such as science fiction, music, literature or comics, a large number of independent publications have sprung up in the most varied parts of the world. In this reflection text, we have tried to provide an overview of the development of amateur publications, commonly known as fanzines, seeking not only to understand their motivations, but also the publishing context in which they developed. By analyzing the particular path of some comic book fanzines that existed in the 1970s and 1980s in the Algarve region of Portugal, we intend to discuss the conditions and motivations of this type of independent publishing and its relationship to the historical context of the time.
Rurality in Morocco: More real than real, symbolic
Authors: El Mazouni Habiba ,   Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Maroc
Published: August 2024

This work is a reflection on the representations of rurality in Morocco's oral heritage. A corpus of proverbs was collected, and those relating to rurality were first selected and then compared with other sources, namely sacred texts. The aim of this comparison is to clarify the symbolic value of rurality in proverbs, as well as to try to understand the origin of the latter. The results of this work are likely to provide answers to questions such as: Why do these proverbs remain anchored in the collective memory? And what role does rurality play in maintaining proverbs?
Arte e Cibercultura: A Simbiose Imperfeita?
Authors: Alves Paulo Falcão ,   Universidade do Algarve, Portugal
Published: August 2024

Postmodernity came to break with the Enlightenment ideals, leading to the total bankruptcy of the concepts of the past considered certain and true. The construction of reality began to be expressed through screens where artistic production found new bases through what Lévy called cyberculture. By discussing these concepts, which are interconnected through new digital expressions, we intend to understand to what extent cyberculture can constitute a basis for artistic expression without breaking with the anthropological ideals that still define contemporary times.
The Paradox of Artificial Intelligence in Cinema
Authors: López Frías Claudia ,   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, España
Published: August 2024

The film industry is increasingly adopting Artificial Intelligence in all phases of filmmaking, completely changing both the way a film is made and the way it is consumed. Through a brief review we will analyze on the one hand the aspects in which this technology is being used, both script and pre-production, visual and sound effects or the use of this technology in the distribution of films. Finally, we will look at possible scenarios that have arisen in AI science fiction films and the challenges facing humanity in its possible implementation.
Sociological Perspectives on Women: As Subjects and Objects in the Arts
Authors: Andaloussi Hamza ,   Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Mohammedia, Maroc, Gil Francisco Baptista ,   Universidade do Algarve, Portugal
Published: August 2024

Through this study, we intend to analyze the most important “reference and foundational” sociological writings on the issue of “women and the arts”. We will apply methodological techniques to these writings such as “classification according to the historical process”, as well as “interpretation and comparison”; all in order to respond to an epistemological problem related to the dialectical situation that arises in relation to the position of women in the arts, between intellectual currents that emphasize masculinity and the traditionalism of the arts, and other currents that highlight the critical dynamism that characterizes some artistic currents. In the same context, we will examine the various theoretical approaches and applied methodologies used in these investigations, in order to form a general theoretical framework on the theoretical and methodological mechanisms from which one can benefit, especially given the small number of investigations pertaining to the sociology of art in the Arab world. In this context, we seek, through this study, to present a bibliographical collection of “Western” sociological literature that has addressed gender issues in relation to the arts. The aim is to contribute to theoretical enrichment in the field of the sociology of art, on the one hand, and to attract the interest of different readers, from different cultures, on the other, to the importance of the “fields of art and the screen” as instruments of socialization with a power that can control individuals and influence their representations.
Model Probing Prompting Menggunakan Media Virtual Reality Materi Mitigasi Bencana untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Geografi SMA
Authors: Rahma Nisa Aulia , Soekamto Hadi , Masruroh Heni
Published: August 2024

Rendahnya motivasi belajar peserta didik adalah masalah serius dalam konteks pendidikan saat ini. Model dan media pembelajaran yang tidak menarik serta membosankan dapat berkontribusi pada penurunan motivasi belajar. Dampaknya, peserta didik cenderung kehilangan antusiasme selama pembelajaran dan mengalami hambatan dalam pencapaian hasil belajar yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penggunaan model "Probing Prompting" dan media Virtual Reality dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Jenis penelitian merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Pendekatan dalam penelitian memiliki sifat deskriptif kualitatif.  Subjek penelitian artikel ini adalah kelas XI IPS 1 SMA menggunakan angket motivasi belajar dengan aspek ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, dan Satisfaction) pada 26 peserta didik. Hasil temuan penelitian ini diperoleh skor siklus I rata-rata 68,3% dan skor rata-rata siklus II 77,6%. Motivasi belajar peserta didik meningkat terjadi pada siklus II sebesar 9,3%. Hal ini menekankan pentingnya menciptakan lingkungan kelas yang lebih menarik dan interaktif guna meningkatkan kualitas pengajaran dan memecahkan masalah kurangnya motivasi peserta didik. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Probing Prompting dengan media Virtual Reality materi mitigasi bencana terhadap kenaikan motivasi belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran geografi. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran dan media yang lebih interaktif dan menarik seperti Virtual Reality dalam konteks materi mitigasi bencana memiliki dampak positif pada motivasi belajar peserta didik.
Interpretasi Karakteristik Siswa untuk Elaborasi Penggunaan Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)
Authors: Lailatul Jannah Nekha , Yanuarita Sutikno Putri
Published: August 2024

Isu ketakutan dan kecemasan siswa terhadap proses pembelajaran menjadi bukti bahwa pembelajaran di sekolah dasar belum sesuai dengan karakteristik perkembangan siswa. Selain itu masih banyak guru yang kesulitan dalam merancang kegiatan pembelajaran yang tepat. Proses pembelajaran yang tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa sekolah dasar akan berdampak pada kualitas pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran dan hasil belajar siswa yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis interpretasi karakteristik siswa untuk elaborasi penggunaan technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel sumber data dilakukan secara purposive dan snowball. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SD yang berjumlah 37 siswa. Metode yang diguankan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu menggunakan observasi kelas, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu angket. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 85.75% pada aspek yang berhubungan dengan teknologi, sedangkan aspek lainnya kurang dari 50% siswa. Aspek yang berhubungan teknologi inilah yang menjadi poin utama guru dalam menciptakan strategi pembelajaran. Disimpulkan bahwa diperlukan Penggunaan Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) dalam pembelajaran yang searah dengan konsep kurikulum merdeka. Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu pentingnya memahami perilaku dan karakteristik siswa sebagai unsur mendasar dalam mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran sehingga tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai maksimal.
Discovery Learning Reinforced with 3D Visual Aids: An Action to Foster Learning Engagement
Authors: Hasmirah Hasmirah , Krismanto Wawan , Djabba Rasmi
Published: August 2024

Pembelajaran IPA hendaknya mendorong siswa untuk terlibat dalam membangun makna melalui eksplorasi atau investigasi fenomena alam. Memahami fenomena alam melalui pembelajaran IPA akan menjadi tantangan bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan pembelajaran penemuan yang diperkuat dengan alat peraga 3D untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas V SD. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian berjumlah 20 siswa dan 1 orang guru. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus yang masing-masing siklusnya 2 kali pertemuan pembelajaran. Data diperoleh dengan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kondensasi, penyajian, dan kesimpulan. Penelitian fokus pada proses pembelajaran dan keterlibatan belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses d Discovery l Earning berbantuan alat peraga 3D mampu meningkatkan aktivitas belajar, semangat belajar siswa, dan proses mengajar guru dalam pembelajaran IPA. Perubahan dan perbaikan dalam proses pembelajaran yang terjadi mendorong peningkatan keterlibatan belajar siswa. Pada siklus I, 75% siswa masih berada pada kategori rendah dan sedang dalam learning engagement ; pada siklus II tidak ada siswa yang berada pada kategori tersebut. Disimpulkan penerapan penemuan pembelajaran yang diperkuat dengan alat peraga 3D dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran dan menumbuhkan keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep yang lebih baik, mendorong kolaborasi dan diskusi dan meningkatkan keterlibatan pembelajaran.
Media Pembelajaran Short Documentary Video pada Materi Pencemaran Sampah Pesisir Pantai
Authors: Hety Dwi Lestari  , Sumarmi  , Yuswanti Ariani Wirahayu
Published: August 2024

Rendahnya penggunaan media pembelajaran di kelas berdampak pada aktivitas belajar dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang dipelajari. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis kebutuhan siswa dan guru pada media pembelajaran short documentary video materi pencemaran sampah di pesisir pantai. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu 30 orang siswa kelas XI IPS 1 dan 1 orang guru mata pelajaran geografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode angket. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar angket atau kuesioner yang dianalisis serta dibuat kesimpulannya berdasarkan interpretasi hasil analisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru setuju jika memiliki keterbatasan untuk menyediakan media pembelajaran yang menarik dalam pembelajaran. Guru membutuhkan media pembelajaran yang interaktif, informatif, dan mendukung pembelajaran secara mandiri. 86,7% siswa setuju jika belajar menggunakan media audio visual lebih menyenangkan daripada menggunakan buku ajar. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perlu dikembangkan sebuah media pembelajaran short documentary video pada materi pencemaran sampah pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa implikasi, pertama, untuk guru dan siswa perlu mengubah pola pengajaran sesuai dengan kurikulum dan tujuan pendidikan serta penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan efektivitas belajar siswa dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi sehingga mendukung pembelajaran mandiri, kreatif, dan menyenangkan.
Implementasi Proyek Gaya Hidup Berkelanjutan dalam Penguatan Karakter Gotong Royong di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putri Lidya Forestyas  , Yulianti  , Prihatin Sulistyowati
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan globalisasi memberikan pengaruh menurunnya nilai-nilai karakter Pancasila pada aspek kebersamaan, hal ini dibuktikan rendahnya kesadaran peserta didik dalam menjaga lingkungan sehingga berdampak pada pembentukkan karakter. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penguatan nilai-nilai karakter gotong royong melalui kegiatan proyek gaya hidup berkelanjutan. Jenis penelitian studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pemilihan subjek penelitian dilakukan secara purposive terdiri dari kepala sekolah, 2 guru kelas II, 3 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles and Huberman yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan proyek gaya hidup berkelanjutan menumbuhkan perilaku ramah lingkungan. Pada pembelajaran proyek ini tidak lepas dari peran guru. Kegiatannya diawali dengan guru merancang modul proyek. Aktivitas yang dilakukan seperti detektif sampah, membuat tempat pensil, membuat gambar mozaik, dan pameran. Kegiatan proyek gaya hidup berkelanjutan telah menanamkan karakter gotong royong berdasarkan elemen kolaborasi, kepedulian, berbagi yang nampak pada nilai-nilai empati, toleransi, kebersamaan, tolong menolong, kerjasama, dan saling berbagi. Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan implementasi proyek gaya hidup berkelanjutan dapat menanamkan nilai karakter gotong royong. Implikasi penelitian ini pelaksanaan pembelajaran proyek gaya hidup berkelanjutan disekolah dasar menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter gotong royong sehingga meningkatkan karakter peserta didik melalui pembelajaran kokurikuler yang menyenangkan.
Membentuk Kesadaran dan Keterlibatan Mahasiswa sebagai Aktor Penggunaan Transportasi dan Energi Berkelanjutan di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Rachmadian Robby Hilmi , Sumarmi Sumarmi , Masruroh Heni , Utaya Sugeng , Suharto Yusuf
Published: August 2024

Upaya mewujudkan mahasiswa yang memahami dan sadar lingkungan merupakan hal yang harus dilakukan oleh perguruan tinggi. Berbagai institusi perguruan tinggi memaksimalkan sumber daya untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan membentuk kesadaran mahasiswa dengan melibatkan mahasiswa dalam berbagai kegiatan peduli lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis persepsi dan keterlibatan mahasiswa sebagai aktor penggunaan transportasi dan energi berkelanjutan di perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian survey dengan metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner online. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas untuk mengukur validitas instrumen, tabulasi dan visualisasi data. Responden penelitian adalah mahasiswa sebanyak 92 orang dari 9 fakultas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki pemahaman dan membentuk kesadaran dalam upaya penggunaan transportasi dan energi berkelanjutan sesuai dengan hasil pengukuran persepsi pada mahasiswa. Para mahasiswa memiliki anggapan bahwa dengan melibatkan mereka dalam peningkatan kualitas lingkungan kampus dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan membentuk kesadaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada peningkatan kesadaran mahasiswa dan memperkuat peran perguruan tinggi dalam melibatkan mahasiswa dalam aktivitas dalam meggunakan transportasi dan energi berkelanjutan.
Video Pembelajaran Dwi Bahasa untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Muatan IPAS Pokok Bahasan Cahaya di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: I Ketut Suma Adi Putra  , Ni Wayan Rati  , Dewa Gede Firstia Wirabrata
Published: August 2024

Studi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya motivasi belajar peserta didik di SD. Hal ini disebabkan oleh guru yang jarang menggunakan teknologi selama proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan, yaitu menghasilkan rancang bangun media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu angket atau kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriftif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini adalah media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa dengan topik cahaya dan sifatnya kelas V. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa yang telah dihasilkan memperoleh indeks validitas sebesar 0,95 dengan kualifikasi validitas isi tinggi. Materi pada media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa yang telah dihasilkan memperoleh indeks validitas sebesar 0,95 dengan kualifikasi validitas isi tinggi, tingkat pencapaian respon guru terhadap media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa 95% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik.  Hasil uji-t menunjukan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan motivasi belajar kelas V sebelum dan setelah belajar dengan menggunakan media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa. Disimpulkan bahwa, media video pembelajaran dwi bahasa efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas V SD. Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu, video pembelajaran dwi bahasa dapat membantu guru dalam proses pembelajaran.
Impact of Financial Support in Fueling Business Expansion for Small Enterprises in Ilorin
Authors: Jamiu Tajudeen Ade , Adeoye Moses Adeleke
Published: August 2024

Small enterprises play a crucial role in driving economic growth and job creation in Ilorin, Nigeria. However, these businesses often face numerous challenges, including limited financial resources which hinder their ability to expand and thrive. The study examines the impact of financial support in fueling the business expansion of small enterprises in Ilorin. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, Taro Yamane Coefficient of variation formula was used to determine the sample size of the study out of the population of 520 small business enterprises and questionnaires were administered to the entire 226 sample size through personal delivery while the quantitative technique which involves the use of descriptive and inferential statistics methods were adopted for data analysis. the study highlights the positive impact of financial support on various aspects of business expansion. The findings indicate that financial support enables small enterprises to invest in marketing and advertising activities, upgrade their facilities and equipment, and expand their product or service offerings. In conclusion, financial support has had a significant impact on fueling business expansion for small enterprises in Ilorin. It has enabled these businesses to overcome financial barriers, develop innovative ideas, improve competitiveness, and empower underrepresented groups. With continued support from the government, financial institutions, and the local community, small businesses in Ilorin will continue to thrive and contribute to the economic development of the region.
Chechen and Blood Feud: Representation of Chechen during the First Chechen War in 1996 Russian film "Prisoner of the Mountain"
Authors: Zulkarnain Dimas Raflyarso , Kaprisma Hendra
Published: August 2024

Film is an art that has been widely recognized, from media that is only for entertainment to its use as a propaganda medium. This research aims to analyze the representation of Chechen ethnicity in the 1996 Russian war. Drama film titled Кавказский Пленник (Kavkazkij Plenik) ‘Prisoner of the Mountains’. In this research, what will be analyzed is how a film represents an ethnicity and its culture that at that time was fighting against Russia, which is shown in the scenes in the film. This study will use the Cinema Study method to find out the main ideas of the film through plot, background, and characters, as well as cinematography through visualization and dialogue. The theory used is the theory of representation. To analyze the film, it will be divided into several parts to show the storyline of the film. In the year it was released, in Russia, a war known as the First Chechen War between the Russian Federal Government and the Chechen Separatists still occur. The film depicted the Chechens as a backward and highly religious people that only want to live their lives in peace rather than as enemies of the state, like the usual wartime film.