bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In defence of deus ex machina
Authors: Vaatmann Veiko
Published: September 2022

The use of thedeus ex machinain modern films is examined in this article. Thedeus ex machinais a device which is sometimes brought into play in a story as a last-resort effort to save the protagonist by an unexpected external force. Although the use of the device in ancient Greek drama has been rehabilitated, the same cannot be said about its modern use. Because thedeus ex machinaundermines the audience’s expectations for a story’s resolution, thus decreasing their emotional involvement, in screenwriting manuals, this device is often considered a cheap plot trick or a sign of bad writing. In this article, the functions that the device serves in ancient Greek drama are compared to some of its more successful uses in film narratives, demonstrating that it is a valuable tool which can effectively convey (among other things) a message of unity and hope.
Mockingbirds: Modelling attention, memory and the texture of repair
Authors: Fischbeck Luke
Published: September 2022

How do we show what we know? How do the models used to interpret, build understanding and sustain relationships with the world, work? Artificial intelligence models – particularly those characterized as ‘deep’ learning models – provoke a reframing of, and renewed attention to, these basic questions. Machines designed to learn through continuous, embedded use give rise to a form of automated intersubjectivity premised on normative notions of continuity, completeness and repair that are often opaque. A turn to poetic practice may revivify supple categories of human and non-human, with attentive connection across multiple worlds, discursively explaining these models even as they enfold us. A companion video to this text can be viewed at: https://vimeo.com/525096901.
What happened to the subject? Mediated anticipation in neural painting
Authors: Choi Suk Kyoung
Published: September 2022

This article presents a phenomenology of artistic painting as an anticipatory process. I propose that the artist seeks to establish a state of equilibrium in a model of self-awareness expressed and represented in a self-constituted physical artefact intended to communicate to others, not representationally but affectively. ‘Neural painting’ is an arts-based research method employing a simple computational model of human aesthetic discrimination to study the creative realization of the artistic image. I use this method to explore the relationship of self and ‘other’ in computationally mediated self-portraiture. I develop an image in an exchange with a neural network by reflecting on its output and inputting autographic modifications to those images, blending visceral gesture with the ‘black box’ of artificial intelligence. Through this deeply personalized and perhaps agonistic interchange between organic self and algorithmic reflection, I seek to expose the tacit mediation implicit in the technical artefact, opening an understanding of the existential relations between natural systems (the artist) and technical entities positioned as collaborators in an anticipatory aesthetics.
‘A Sexual Series’
Authors: Elg Emie // Eva-Marie
Published: September 2022

Sara Ahmed’s enquiry on what it means for sexuality to be lived as oriented from the work Queer Phenomenology inspired the art series ‘A Sexual Series’, based on post-humanist theory and asexual experience. Shapes of performative alter egos materialized from a queer cyborg position of technologically enhanced crip experiences (the strong symbolical constructing process of straightening scoliosis surgery). From being a glitch of the past towards a post-individualist future, the artificial intelligence sexbot is a metaphoric, elevated cyborg drag version of the artist to embody asexuality and queer Otherness. Based on multitudes of CUNTraDICKtions to encourage self-reflection, the series explores the complexities of ob/scene and on/scene performances; the position of a sex positive asexual as well as questions of belonging as a naturally artificial rebel.
Between reality and non-reality
Authors: Lefa Nora
Published: September 2022

Virtual reality is all too often considered as antithetical to reality, the former being an entity fully separated from the latter. Since there has been historically no consensus among philosophers as to what constitutes reality, this article seeks to contribute to the debate on i crucial issue. It argues that reality should be considered as including non-tangible properties and that, from the first-person point of view, virtual reality is part of the reality of each and every one of us. Furthermore, grey zones between reality and virtual reality, that is to say environments in which reality blends with fantasy and highly personal perception of our surroundings are much more common than often assumed. The article claims that architecture is the most powerful foundation for virtual reality and therefore creator of grey zones. Real spaces (such as cafés or streets, and moreover cities) offer experiences more intense than any typical virtual environment and cause the blurring of awareness in which world we are. Virtual reality is an impoverished reality, and attempts to realize it have led to disastrous outcomes. On the contrary, grey zones, partially anchored on the materiality, actually enrich reality with non-tangible qualities, without threatening its authority in our souls and minds.
Being otherwise: On the possibility of a non-dualistic approach in feminist phenomenology
Authors: Adamiak Marzena
Published: September 2022

This article reflects on the current philosophical tendency to construct non-dualistic subjectivity models in response to the criticism of the traditional authoritarian human subject. Following thinkers such as Emmanuel Lévinas, Michel Foucault or Jacques Derrida, the literature has largely identified traditional metaphysics based on dualistic hierarchies as the major source of violence. Perceiving phenomenology as a method that focuses on the concepts of the lived experience and situatedness, I combine this approach with the feminist calls for dismantling the hierarchical relationship of subjectivity to the world. I draw on the concepts of Sonia Kruks, Linda Martin Alcoff, Sara Heinämaa, Judith Butler, Bonnie Mann and Johanna Oksala to inquire how dualism-overcoming phenomenology can be applied to feminist thought. I focus in particular on the approach that Oksala outlines in her book, Feminist Experiences: Foucauldian and Phenomenological Investigations, where she proposes a transcendental view on feminist experience. Intriguingly, she understands transcendental as situated – historically, culturally and politically. Consequently, my final question concerns the possibility of combining the two usually conflicted approaches: transcendental and historical regarding the fundamental phenomenological distinction between the empirical and the transcendental.
In favour of a hedonist post-pandemic culture: Embodying new technologies and old rituals
Authors: Förster Yvonne
Published: September 2022

Social distancing has entered our bodies and changed our behaviour. The fight against COVID-19 leaves people with a different feeling of what it means to be together in the flesh. In this article, I will tackle the tension between virtualization of communication, social distancing and the basic human need for bodily contact. Sigmund Freud used the term ‘oceanic feeling’ to express human yearning for becoming one with others and the sense of fluidity of the self. This concept goes beyond basic intercorporeality. It represents experiences in meditation and cultural practices of immersion. Both the maximum intensity of intercorporeal behaviour and the dissolution of the bodily boundaries belong to this experience. The literature in the pandemic covers mainly new rituals and bodily practices of distance but there is not much reflection on what has gone missing and its relation to current and future cultural practices. In this article, I will discuss hedonist embodied rituals like dance, eating and celebrating in public as vital parts of human cultures. Being abolished as contagious sites of infection, their return to the social sphere is, now more than ever, viewed as problematic and potentially subversive in the face of an atmosphere of anxiety. My aim is to argue against cultural tendencies of social control and the emphasis of disembodied virtual forms of togetherness in favour of a posthuman hedonist culture incorporating new technologies and old rituals.
Vulnerability as a queer art
Authors: Pevere Margherita
Published: September 2022

The idea of ‘arts of vulnerability’ (AoV) reclaims the fact of being inherently open (never sealed) and becomes a tool to navigate such a lack of closure. It is art because it comes from art practice, and it is of vulnerability because it comes from materials that are vulnerable and defy control. The idea is rooted in bioart practice understood as artistic research and read through feminist and queer studies about embodiment and ecology. This article traces how the artwork series Wombs contributed to the development of the idea. AoV is a way of understanding art practice, yet it becomes an ethical and intellectual tool that pays attention (and tribute) to more-than-human ethics and aesthetics. It may thus contribute to a critical discussion of today’s surging ecological complexity.
On derivation of an invariant velocity and the Lorentz transformation using the principle of relativity
Authors: Ma Qing-Ping
Published: September 2022

Although traditional derivations of the Lorentz transformation rely on both postulates of relativity and constancy of the speed of light, some researchers have argued that linear transformations per se would naturally lead to a Lorentz type transformation with an unspecified velocity limit. The present study analyzes such a published derivation and shows that linear transformations do not naturally lead to invariant velocities. In the derivation analyzed by this study, in addition to its mathematic mistakes, its author’s interpretation of the derived results is also logically invalid. Its author and some researchers overlooked other consequences than the ones that appear to imply an invariant velocity or a velocity limit, when they were deriving parameters for linear transformations. Therefore, imposing at least two postulates is necessary for deriving the Lorentz transformation or its family of linear transformations. Linear transformations conforming to the principle of relativity alone are not sufficient to ensure a velocity limit or an invariant velocity.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in colorectal cancer screening, a systematic review.
Authors: Bernardon Manuela , Boni Tiffani , Lavratti Igor , Nunes Ianne , dos Santos Alessandra , Alt Luciano
Published: September 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic brought a major impact on cancer screening services, among those, colorectal cancer (CRC). This study evaluated the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the quantity of colonoscopies performed at different countries and its consequences.

Method: Articles from PUB-MED, Scielo and LILACS databases were manually collectedbetween April 25th and June 30th of 2021. Cross-sectional, observational and retrospective studies were selected; 11 articles remained applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: There was significant reduction of colonoscopies performed during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated in all of the studies. A 90% reduction was shown in 3 studies, the lesser reduction was demonstrated by Challine et al., (2021), which was 20%. Also was found a reduction on CRC diagnosis during that period, 72% and 22% at UK in Rutter et al. (2021) and Morris et al., (2021), respectively. At Italy the reduction was of 11,9% as Buscarini et al., (2021) shows. Lui et al., (2020) demonstrated a 37% reduction at Hong-Kong.

Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in CRC screening and diagnostic services was significant, increasing the morbidity and mortality due to late diagnosis. Beyond that it was observed an increase on the diagnosis probability of colonoscopy during that period. More studies are required to fully understand the impact of the screening decreased capacity.
Detection of the Atherosclerotic PCSK9 gene Inhibitors Through in silico Method to Improve Targeted Therapy
Authors: Sethuramalingam Sabarinathan , Ravi Revathy Leena , Rajiah Janet Rani
Published: September 2022

The PCSK9 is one of the most important marks for the evolution of therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis because its interaction with low-density lipoprotein receptors causes atherosclerosis. Protein-ligand interactions help us to understand the true mechanism of pharmacological action. This study seeks to identify the most powerful suppression options for PCSK9. Initially, the reported ACE inhibitors were included in pharmacophore modeling using PharmaGist. Next, ZINCPHARMER was used to screen the selected model against a ZINC database to identify putative drug candidates docked to the target protein to understand the interactions. The 10 best pharmacological candidates for PCSK9 with a binding energy of 9.8-8.2 kcal mol-1 were identified by molecular docking and their pharmacokinetic properties and oral bioavailability were evaluated. The (S) severalplant obtained chemicals have been discovered, including anti-hypersensitive drugs such as “Canadine, Hesperetin, and Labetalol”. According to Biochemistry, these compounds formed a stable “protein-ligand” complex. The (S) canadine PCSK9 complex had the lowest RMSD and was the most stable. Future in vitro studies could identify (S) canadin as a promising atherosclerosis inhibitor for the evolution of novel PCSK9 inhibitors.
Tinjauan Teori Hukum Pembangunan Mochtar Kusumaatmadja dalam Undang-Undang Ibu Kota Negara (IKN)
Authors: Fadillah Nor
Published: September 2022

Pemindahan Ibu Kota yang sebelumnya berada di  Jakarta ke Kalimantan Timur menimbulkan pro kontra di masyarakat setelah disahkannya Undang-Undang Ibu Kota Nusantara.  Meskipun di dalam penjelasan umum UU IKN tersebut mnjelaskan bahwa salah satu tujuan pemindahan Ibo Kota Negara diharapkan mampu menciptakan perubahan yang lebih baik di masyarakat sehingga disahkannya UU IKN sebagai payung hukum. Namun dalam Teori Hukum Pembangunan Mochtar Kusumaatmadja menjelaskan bahwa pembangunan harus dimaknai seluas-luasnya bukan hanya ekonomi namun juga aspek social lainnya karena hukum sebagai sarana pembaharuan masyarakat. Proses pembangunan di Indonesia tidak boleh hanya sekadar ganti pasal aturan tanpa mempertimbangkan makna pembangunan itu sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tinjauan Teori Hukum Pembangunan Mochtar Kusumaatmadja dalam Undang-Undang Ibu Kota Nusantara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normative dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penetapan lokasi Ibu Kota Negara di dalam UU IKN dirasa kurang tepat karena memakan anggaran yang besar, permasalahan lingkungan seperti ancaman terhadap tata air, resiko perubahan iklim, ancaman flora dan fauna, menggusur lahan masyarakat adat terutama masyarakat adat Suku Balik dan Paser Utara serta menyingkirkan  ekonomi masyarakat sekitar yang hanya mampu bertani. Pembahasan UU IKN yang cepat, naskah akademik yang tidak memuat penjelasan filosofis  dan kurangnya keterbukaan partisipasi publik tentu saja tidak sejalan dengan Teori Hukum Pembangunan Mochtar Kusumaatmadja yang mengkonsepkan bahwa hukum sebagai sarana pembangunan. UU IKN dikhawatirkan mengulang masa Orde Baru yang menjadikan hukum tidak menjadi sarana pembangunan melainkan alat mempertahankan kekuasaan.
Analisis Pengaruh Covid-19 Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Masyarakat Di Indonesia
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Sulaiman Lalu
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 membawa pengaruh yang besar terhadap kesehatan masyarakat. Bukan hanya dari segi fisik, namun juga kesehatan psikis atau mental yang disebabkan oleh berbagai masalah dan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kesehatan mental masyarakat dan mengetahui pengaruh COVID-19 terhadap kesehatan mental masyarakat Indonesia secara luas. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dan studi literatur. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melakukan penggalian informasi berdasarkan beberapa sumber tertulis seperti buku, artikel, jurnal, majalah, serta dokumen sesuai dengan permasalahan yang dikaji.Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah COVID-19 membawa pengaruh besar pada kesehatan fisik dan mental masyarakat di Indonesia. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi kesehatan mental masyarakat adalah risiko utama depresi yang muncul akibat pandemi COVID-19 antara lain: resesi ekonomi, faktor jarak dan isolasi sosial, serta stress dan trauma pada tenaga kesehatan. Pengaruh yang diakibatkan COVID-19 pada perubahan yang terjadi secara tiba-tiba, membuat masyarakat sulit beradaptasi dan menyebabkan stress hingga trauma.Simpulan: COVID-19 membawa pengaruh besar dalam kesehatan fisik dan mental masyarakat di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Pengaruh COVID-19, kesehatan mental. ABSTRACT Title: Analysis of The Effect of Covid-19 on Public Mental Health in IndonesiaBackground: COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on public health. Not only in terms of physical, but also psychological or mental health caused by various problems and anxiety that occur as a result. This study aims to find out what factors affect people's mental health and find out how COVID-19 affects the mental health of the Indonesian people at large. Method: The method used in this research is qualitative method and literature study. The technique of collecting data is extracting information based on several written sources such as books, articles, journals, magazines, and documents according to the problems being studied. Results: The results of this study are COVID-19 has a major impact on the physical and mental health of people in Indonesia, while factors that affect people's mental health are the main risk of depression that arises due to the COVID-19 pandemic such as economic recession, distance and social isolation, stress and trauma to health workers. The effect caused by covid-19 on changes that occur suddenly, makes it difficult for people to adapt and causes stress to trauma.Conclusion: COVID-19 has a major impact on the physical and mental health of people in Indonesia.Keywords: The effect of COVID-19, mental health
Improving the high temperature oxidation resistance of high entropy alloy by surface modification
Authors: Garg Mayank , Grewal Harpreet S. , Sharma Ram K. , Arora Harpreet S.
Published: September 2022

In the current study, we report an excellent high temperature oxidation resistance of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy (HEA) following surface modification. The surface properties of HEA were tailored through a severe surface deformation technique. The as cast HEA exhibited coarse grain B2/BCC microstructure. In contrast, processed specimen showed significant grain refinement along with B2/BCC to FCC phase-transition. The processed specimen demonstrated 11–67% reduction in the oxidation kinetics. Cr2O3 and Al2O3 were the predominant oxides formed in all the oxidized specimens. In addition, Cr, Fe and Co rich spinels were also found in the as cast oxidized specimens. The superior oxidation resistance of the processed specimen is attributed to the microstructural refinement resulting in the formation of protective dense chromia layer.
A clinically-guided unsupervised clustering approach to recommend symptoms of disease associated with diagnostic opportunities
Authors: Miller Aaron C. , Arakkal Alan T. , Koeneman Scott H. , Cavanaugh Joseph E. , Polgreen Philip M.
Published: September 2022

Objectives

A first step in studying diagnostic delays is to select the signs, symptoms and alternative diseases that represent missed diagnostic opportunities. Because this step is labor intensive requiring exhaustive literature reviews, we developed machine learning approaches to mine administrative data sources and recommend conditions for consideration. We propose a methodological approach to find diagnostic codes that exhibit known patterns of diagnostic delays and apply this to the diseases of tuberculosis and appendicitis.

Methods

We used the IBM MarketScan Research Databases, and consider the initial symptoms of cough before tuberculosis and abdominal pain before appendicitis. We analyze diagnosis codes during healthcare visits before the index diagnosis, and use k-means clustering to recommend conditions that exhibit similar trends to the initial symptoms provided. We evaluate the clinical plausibility of the recommended conditions and the corresponding number of possible diagnostic delays based on these diseases.

Results

For both diseases of interest, the clustering approach suggested a large number of clinically-plausible conditions to consider (e.g., fever, hemoptysis, and pneumonia before tuberculosis). The recommended conditions had a high degree of precision in terms of clinical plausibility: >70% for tuberculosis and >90% for appendicitis. Including these additional clinically-plausible conditions resulted in more than twice the number of possible diagnostic delays identified.

Conclusions

Our approach can mine administrative datasets to detect patterns of diagnostic delay and help investigators avoid under-identifying potential missed diagnostic opportunities. In addition, the methods we describe can be used to discover less-common presentations of diseases that are frequently misdiagnosed.
PZT and PVDF piezoelectric transducers’ design implications on their efficiency and energy harvesting potential
Authors: Stamatellou Antiopi-Malvina
Published: September 2022

Despite the intensive research carried out in the last two decades, the actual performance of piezoelectric energy harvesters needs significant improvement for widespread applicability. Custom designed experimental set-ups and methods can be applied for the evaluation of new piezoelectric energy harvesters or modified design versions of existing transducers, in terms of efficiency and specific power. In this context, two representative types of commercial cantilever piezoelectric transducers, made of PZT and PVDF material respectively, were tested in various combinations of aerodynamic and harmonic base excitation. A line type laser was used along with long exposure photography for the visualisation of the piezofilm’s mode shapes, tip deflection and the digitization of the elastic line at the oscillation extrema. The harvested power was measured at on-resonance conditions and studied relative to the excitation combinations and the mode shapes. Energy conversion efficiency, defined as the ratio of the electric-field energy accumulated by the supercapacitors, over the total elastic strain energy change of the material during the oscillations is measured and compared. Design improvements are proposed for both transducer types to extract and absorb higher amounts of energy and improve their bandwidth to match the available excitation source characteristics.
A facile and universal method to purify silica from natural sand
Authors: Li Jiahui , Wang Yangfeng , He Xuehua , Sun Qing , Xiong Meichai , Chen Zichong , Zeng Chengfu , Zheng Xiaohua , Liang Chu
Published: September 2022

The major constituents of sand are silica and silicates. The facile and low-cost purification technology of silica from natural sand is of magnificent importance to the industrial applications of silicon-based materials. Herein, we report a green, low-cost, and universal method to purify silica from natural sand. Sand from deserts, rivers, and seas is selected as the representative of natural sand. The initial purity of silica is 52.1 wt% for desert sand, 39.3 wt% for river sand, and 35.8 wt% for sea sand. High-purity silica has been successfully separated and purified from natural sand via ball milling, reacting with 30 bar CO2 and hydrochloric acid. The purity of silica derived from natural sand reaches >96 wt%. In this work, the mechanism for the purification of silica from natural sand is discussed. This study provides a new method to separate high-purity silica from natural sand without the generation of toxic and harmful substances.
NK-cell dysfunction of acute myeloid leukemia in relation to the renin–angiotensin system and neurotransmitter genes
Authors: Turk Seyhan , Baesmat Ayriana Safari , Yılmaz Aysegul , Turk Can , Malkan Umit Yavuz , Ucar Gulberk , Haznedaroğlu Ibrahim Celalettin
Published: September 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most heterogeneous hematological disorder and blast cells need to fight against immune system. Natural killer (NK) cells can elicit fast anti-tumor responses in response to surface receptors of tumor cells. NK-cell activity is often impaired in the disease, and there is a risk of insufficient tumor suppression and progression. The aim of this study is to assess the dysfunction of NK cells in AML patients via focusing on two important pathways. We obtained single-cell RNA-sequencing data from NK cells obtained from healthy donors and AML patients. The data were used to perform a wide variety of approaches, including DESeq2 (version 3.9), limma (version 3.26.8) power differential expression analyses, hierarchical clustering, gene set enrichment, and pathway analysis. ATP6AP2, LNPEP, PREP, IGF2R, CTSA, and THOP1 genes were found to be related to the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) family, while DPP3, GLRA3, CRCP, CHRNA5, CHRNE, and CHRNB1 genes were associated with the neurotransmitter pathways. The determined genes are expressed within different patterns in the AML and healthy groups. The relevant molecular pathways and clusters of genes were identified, as well. The cross-talks of NK-cell dysfunction in relation to the RAS and neurotransmitters seem to be important in the genesis of AML.
Antisense lncRNA PCNA-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression through the miR-2467-3p/PCNA axis
Authors: Hu Tao , Niu Yunfeng , Fu Jianfeng , Dong Zhiming , He Dongwei , Liu Junfeng
Published: September 2022

Multiple studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancers and are pivotal in developing various tumors. No studies have investigated the expression and function of long non-coding antisense RNA PCNA-AS1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, the expression of PCNA-AS1 was identified by qRT–PCR. Cell function assays were used to explore the potential effect of PCNA-AS1 on ESCC progression. A prediction website was utilized to discover the relationships among PCNA-AS1, miR-2467-3p and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Dual luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were executed to verify the binding activity between PCNA-AS1, miR-2467-3p and PCNA. As a result, PCNA-AS1 was highly expressed in ESCC and was associated with patient prognosis. PCNA-AS1 overexpression strongly contributed to ESCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. PCNA-AS1 and PCNA were positively correlated in ESCC. Bioinformatics analysis, RIP and luciferase reporter gene assays revealed that PCNA-AS1 could act as a competitive endogenous RNA to sponge miR-2467-3p, thus upregulating PCNA. In conclusion, the current outcome demonstrates that PCNA-AS1 may be a star molecule in the treatment of ESCC.
Core–shell structured magnetic MCM-41-type mesoporous silica-supported Cu/Fe: A novel recyclable nanocatalyst for Ullmann-type homocoupling reactions
Authors: Abdollahi-Alibeik Mohammad , Ramazani Zahra
Published: September 2022

In this study, a novel magnetic MCM-41-type mesoporous silica-supported Fe/Cu (Fe3O4@Fe–Cu/MCM-41) was prepared, characterized, and used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of symmetric biaryls by Ullmann cross-coupling reaction. This nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm. The Fe3O4@Fe–Cu/MCM-41 was applied as an efficient catalyst in the synthesis of biaryls under optimum conditions. This nanocatalyst was recovered and reused several times without significant loss of activity.
Das Bildarchiv des Bruckmann Verlags
Authors: Lampe Franziska
Published: September 2022

Mit dem historischen Bildarchiv des Bruckmann Verlags in München hat sich der fotografische Quellenbestand einer der größten deutschen Verlags- und Druckanstalten erhalten. Diese in sich geschlossene Sammlung gelangte im Herbst 2016 an das Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte (ZI) in München. Der circa 150 000 fotografische Medieneinheiten umfassende Bestand zeichnet sich durch eine große materielle und motivische Diversität aus und ist über eine Zeitspanne von circa 1860 bis in die 1990er Jahre entstanden. Das Archiv besteht aus Positiven und Negativen, die Reproduktionen von Kunstwerken vor allem der Malerei, Skulptur sowie Architektur zeigen und sich auch durch ihre Retuschen und Annotationen aus dem verlegerischen Arbeitsprozess als besondere Forschungsgegenstände ausweisen. Das historische Bildarchiv galt lange Zeit als nicht mehr existent und steht nun erstmals der Wissenschaft zur Verfügung.
Mesostructural Mechanism of Hydraulic Gradient Fluctuations Affecting Internal Instability Using Transparent Soil
Authors: Deng Zezhi , Wang Gang , Jin Wei
Published: September 2022

For internally unstable soil, fine particles might migrate in the pore channels of its coarse matrix because of seepage flow, and fluctuations in the hydraulic gradient might promote this migration. To reveal the mechanism for this behavior, simulation testing using transparent soil was employed to visualize the soil mesostructure and particle migration process. Three gap-graded transparent soils with internal stability ranging from unstable to marginally stable and stable were made by mixing different amounts of fine particles. First, comparative seepage tests were conducted on the three soils under steady and fluctuating hydraulic conditions. The effect of hydraulic fluctuations depends on the internal stability of the soil. For the internally unstable or marginally stable soils, hydraulic fluctuations promoted internal instability, whereas for the internally stable soil, small applied hydraulic fluctuations had negligible effects on the measured hydraulic characteristics. Particle bridging during the migration process was used to explain the different behaviors. To verify this concept, a two-stage seepage test was performed, and a three-dimensional digital mesostructural model of the specimen was reconstructed based on continuously scanned images of cross sections. The comparison of the digital models at different stages provided visual evidence of particle bridging. It clearly showed that fine particles bridged at some pore constrictions, and the bridges remained intact during the first steady seepage stage and blocked particle migration paths. During the subsequent fluctuating seepage stage, these particle bridges disappeared, and particle migration resumed.
Conserved and Distinct Functions of the Autism-Related Chromatin Remodeler CHD8 in Embryonic and Adult Forebrain Neurogenesis
Authors: Dong Chen , Zhao Chuntao , Chen Xiang , Berry Kalen , Wang Jiajia , Zhang Feng , Liao Yunfei , Han Rong , Ogurek Sean , Xu Lingli , Zhang Li , Lin Yifeng , Zhou Wenhao , Xin Mei , Lim Daniel A. , Campbell Kenneth , Nakafuku Masato , Waclaw Ronald R. , Lu Q. Richard
Published: September 2022

The chromatin remodeler CHD8 represents a high-confidence risk factor in autism, a multistage progressive neurologic disorder, however the underlying stage-specific functions remain elusive. In this study, by analyzingChd8conditional knock-out mice (male and female), we find that CHD8 controls cortical neural stem/progenitor cell (NSC) proliferation and survival in a stage-dependent manner. Strikingly, inducible genetic deletion reveals that CHD8 is required for the production and fitness of transit-amplifying intermediate progenitors (IPCs) essential for upper-layer neuron expansion in the embryonic cortex. p53 loss of function partially rescues apoptosis and neurogenesis defects in theChd8-deficient brain. Further, transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling indicates that CHD8 regulates the chromatin accessibility landscape to activate neurogenesis-promoting factors including TBR2, a key regulator of IPC neurogenesis, while repressing DNA damage- and p53-induced apoptotic programs. In the adult brain, CHD8 depletion impairs forebrain neurogenesis by impeding IPC differentiation from NSCs in both subventricular and subgranular zones; however, unlike in embryos, it does not affect NSC proliferation and survival. Treatment with an antidepressant approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA), fluoxetine, partially restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis inChd8-ablated mice. Together, our multistage functional studies identify temporally specific roles for CHD8 in developmental and adult neurogenesis, pointing to a potential strategy to enhance neurogenesis in the CHD8-deficient brain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe role of the high-confidence autism geneCHD8in neurogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify a stage-specific function of CHD8 in development of NSCs in developing and adult brains by conserved, yet spatiotemporally distinct, mechanisms. In embryonic cortex, CHD8 is critical for the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of both NSC and IPCs during cortical neurogenesis. In adult brain, CHD8 is required for IPC generation but not the proliferation and survival of adult NSCs. Treatment with FDA-approved antidepressant fluoxetine partially rescues the adult neurogenesis defects in CHD8 mutants. Thus, our findings help resolve CHD8 functions throughout life during embryonic and adult neurogenesis and point to a potential avenue to promote neurogenesis in CHD8 deficiency.
Human SFI1 and Centrin form a complex critical for centriole architecture and ciliogenesis
Authors: Laporte Marine H , Bouhlel Imène B , Bertiaux Eloïse , Morrison Ciaran G , Giroud Alexia , Borgers Susanne , Azimzadeh Juliette , Bornens Michel , Guichard Paul , Paoletti Anne , Hamel Virginie
Published: September 2022

Over the course of evolution, the centrosome function has been conserved in most eukaryotes, but its core architecture has evolved differently in some clades, with the presence of centrioles in humans and a spindle pole body (SPB) in yeast. Similarly, the composition of these two core elements has diverged, with the exception of Centrin and SFI1, which form a complex in yeast to initiate SPB duplication. However, it remains unclear whether this complex exists at centrioles and whether its function has been conserved. Here, using expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that human SFI1 is a centriolar protein that associates with a pool of Centrin at the distal end of the centriole. We also find that both proteins are recruited early during procentriole assembly and that depletion of SFI1 results in the loss of the distal pool of Centrin, without altering centriole duplication. Instead, we show that SFI1/Centrin complex is essential for centriolar architecture, CEP164 distribution, and CP110 removal during ciliogenesis. Together, our work reveals a conserved SFI1/Centrin module displaying divergent functions between mammals and yeast.
Anti-mildew properties of copper cured heat-treated wood
Authors: Xie Guijun , Zhou Yongdong , Cao Yongjian , Li Lamei
Published: September 2022

The dimensional stability and resistance to degradation of wood can be improved using high temperature heat treatment under anaerobic conditions; however, mildew growth can have a deleterious impact on its appearance and commercial value. In this study, wood samples were impregnated in copper-containing solutions at high pressure before being recovered and cured at high temperatures to create treated wood samples with nano copper particles. This copper impregnated wood (up to 6.35% copper content) suppressed the growth of Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. and Aspergillus niger van Tieghem with 100% efficiency, and Penicillium citrinum Thom with 75% efficiency. However, the growth of Trichoderma viride Pers. was not suppressed. These results demonstrate that copper curing can be used to extend the scope, performance, and lifetime of heat-treated wood, enabling it to be used for a new range of applications.
Economical and efficient use of fly ash for newsprint paper quality improvement
Authors: Verma Anuj K. , Suresh S. , Mohta D.
Published: September 2022

This research focused on the production of a novel calcium silicate pigment made from pulverized coal fly ash and its application as a coating pigment in a size press for fiber replacement. Improved specific base paper properties of the newsprint was investigated. This novel coated fly ash based calcium silicate (FACS) pigment and conventional precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) pigment was applied using a cylindrical laboratory coater. When a 4.3 gsm coat weight of FACS was used during the size press application, the brightness increased 10 points, whereas, when the coat weight of FACS was increased to 7.8 gsm, the brightness increased to 21 points as compared to base newsprint sheet; however, FACS brightness was lower than the PCC coated newsprint sheet. Also, there was a significant gain in other newsprint specific base properties when fly ash based pigment was used. This indicated that it is feasible to utilize a novel fly ash based pigment in the size press coating application to replace fiber in order to reduce production cost, improve specific base properties, and reduce environmental pollution. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study reporting the application of fly ash as a coating pigment for quality enhancement of newsprint.
Utilization of steam-exploded corn straw to produce biofuel butanol via fermentation with a newly selected strain of Clostridium acetobutylicum
Authors: Zhang Xia , Feng Xiaohang , Zhang Hui , Wei Yichang
Published: September 2022

The feasibility of utilizing corn straws to produce butanol via fermentation with Clostridium acetobutylicum was evaluated. The supernatant of enzymatically hydrolyzed supernatant of steam-exploded corn straws was used as the raw material. A bacterial strain was selected from Clostridium acetobutylicum zzu-02 and Clostridium beijerinckii zzu-01, which was capable of fermenting the enzymatically hydrolyzed supernatant of steam-exploded corn straw to produce butanol with high yield. The optimal fermentation conditions for the selected strain with enzymatically hydrolyzed supernatant of steam-exploded corn straw were also investigated and they were determined as follows: sugar concentrations in enzymatically hydrolyzed solution of steam exploded corn straws, 57.5 g/L; initial pH, 6.3; the amount of added CaCO3, 5g/L; the bacterial inoculation concentration to enzymatically hydrolyzed solution, 6%; fermentation temperature, 37 oC, the amounts of the added nutritional elements, i.e. yeast extract, CH3COONH4, KH2PO4, and C6H6N2O, 0.8, 6.0, 0.5, and 0.25 g/L, respectively. Under these conditions, the butanol yield reached 9.88 g/L. Based on the butanol metabolism pathways, supplementation of a small amount of C6H6N2O was found to effectively increase the yield of butanol production.
Detection of ESBL and AmpC producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 and ST147 from urinary tract infections in Iran
Authors: Shahkolahi Shaghayegh , Shakibnia Pegah , Shahbazi Shahla , Sabzi Samira , Badmasti Farzad , Asadi Karam Mohammad Reza , Habibi Mehri
Published: September 2022

In the present study a total of 200 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were collected from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Tehran, Iran. Antibiotic resistance was determined by disk diffusion and broth dilution methods. Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpCs was performed using phenotypic tests. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect the ESBL, AmpC, and integron genes. Analysis of AmpC and cassette arrays of integron genes was performed using DNA sequencing. Plasmids were analyzed by PCR-based replicon typing and conjugation. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were applied to explore the genomic relatedness among the isolates. The highest levels of resistance were observed against ampicillin (100%), followed by piperacillin (57.5%), ceftazidime (46%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (44%), ciprofloxacin (32.5%), and imipenem (19%). Approximately, 66.5% of isolates harbored at least one of the beta-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, and blaOXA-1). In addition, 22.5% of isolates carried at least one of the AmpC genes including blaDHA and blaCIT. Integron class I was the most prevalent integron among resistant isolates. According to the results of replicon typing, IncFII, IncL/M, and IncA/C were the most frequent replicons, respectively. All selected isolates were able to transfer blaCTX-M, also two isolates transferred the blaDHA-1 gene to Escherichia coli K12 through conjugation. Finally, 21 isolates were categorized into 4 pulsotypes and 11 unique clusters in PFGE. MLST identified ST147 and ST11 sequence types but ST147 was the most prevalent in the current study.
„Ut pictura meditatio”. A győri volt jezsuita rendház díszlépcsőinek dekorációja a jezsuita Mária-emblematika kontextusában
Authors: Kusler Ágnes
Published: September 2022

This paper aims towards a contextual analysis of the emblematic decoration of the staircase of the former jesuit (today Benedictine) college in Győr, North-Western hun-gary. The decoration, created in 1697, visualizes the prayer Salve Regina, and its content is closely connected to the jesuit spiritual exercise of meditation. According to my interpretation, the emblems of the staircase offered a visual aid to the jesuit clerks, for their meditations on the significance of holy Mary. The emblems, thus, embody the idea of “Ut pictura meditatio”, as defined by Walter S. Melion.

I offer an analysis of the meditational programme of the decoration of the Győr staircase, and a brief outline of its place in late 17th-century devotional emblematics. The source of the emblematic decoration could be found in the context of jesuit emblem literature and applied emblematics. Besides several analogous emblematic publications, according to my research, the visual source for the Győr programme was the Salve regina print-series by the Antwerp artist Anton Wierix. Through an analysis of this source, I aim to distance the interpretation of the staircase’s decoration from the former attempt of Éva Knapp, proposing that the decoration was based on creative visual translations of emblem-descriptions by jacob Masen.

Through my interpretation of the emblems and their overall programme, the decoration of the Győr college could be placed in the context of jesuit meditation and applied emblematics. I also aim to elaborate on the practical function of the decorative programme, and thus widening our knowledge on early modern practices of emblematic meditation in monastic communities.
Címereslevelek a Jagelló-kori Magyarországon •
Authors: Mikó Árpád
Published: September 2022

The introductory part of the study reviews the historiography of research into jagiellonian letters patent of nobility and the art historical problems of the illuminations. a similar survey was compiled sixty years earlier by dénes radocsay. since then several deeds of granting armorial bearings have cropped up, and lots of new data have been found in historical sources about once existing, now lost or latent, letters patent. the introduction is not meant to thoroughly revise dénes radocsay’s groups compiled by style critical criteria, but it touches on several questions solved or seen more clearly now. For example, the mark of an early 16th century buda illuminator’s hand is preserved not only by letters with armorial bearings, but also by three fragmentary liturgical manuscripts, and the oeuvre of the so-called bakócz monogrammist – who painted the coats of arms in the most representative letters patent in greatest numbers during louis ii’s reign – has been considerably extended.

A few words about the arrangement of the data in the list. the letters patent follow in chronological order, the years of granting emphasized for better orientation.

Vladislav ii’s letters patent arranged by years are followed by a few items that cannot be dated accurately. line one traditionally contains the names of the grantees, modernized – if possible – but not in phonetic transcription gaining ground lately. (i attach the original form of the name in parentheses.) then come dating, measurements, place of preservation and (when known) provenance. the most important data are followed by the list of works in which the given diploma is mentioned. it includes hand-written – 18th and 19th century – mentions, copied texts, as well as items of the modern special literature.
Bakócz Tamás címerével ellátott tárgyak egykor az esztergomi főszékesegyházban •
Authors: Szabó Ágnes
Published: September 2022

The study collects the liturgical textiles with connection to the person of Cardinal Tamás Bakócz (1497–1521), archbishop of Esztergom, which used to be in the cathedral sometime in the past. The method adopted is looking diachronically through the basilica treasury’s inventories and other, 16–18th century written sources (high priests’ testaments). The main aim of the research is to explore the history of the survival of the chasuble adorned with the cardinal-archbishop’s coat of arms and preserved in the treasury of Esztergom cathedral. Apart from collecting the paraments, the study also gives a glimpse of the maintenance of paraphernalia in the treasury of the Esztergom basilica and its history after the lost battle at Mohács in 1526.
Floristic composition, pollination and seed-dispersal systems in a target cerrado conservation area
Authors: Borgiani Renan , Grombone-Guaratini Maria Tereza , Vargas Betânia da Cunha , Martins Amanda Eburneo , Camargo Maria Gabriela Gutierrez , Morellato Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Cerrado remnants can hold an important diversity of plant species of environmental and ecological relevance. We presented a checklist of vascular plants based on 12 years of inventory carried out in 36 plots (10 m x 2 m; 0.18 ha in total) and during unsystematic walks in a remnant area of cerrado sensu stricto located at Itirapina municipality, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The list comprised 195 plant species, corresponding to 54 families and 131 genera. The richest families were Fabaceae (25 species), Asteraceae (16), Myrtaceae (16), Rubiaceae (11), Bignoniaceae and Malpighiaceae (10 each), Melastomataceae (9), and Erythroxylaceae, Sapindaceae and Annonaceae (6). Predominant life forms included shrubs and trees, with 68% of the species, followed by lianas with 12%, sub-shrub and herbs with 10% each. Bees were the dominant pollinators (67,5%) and the majority of species had seeds dispersed by animals (56.8%), mostly by birds, followed by wind (33.3%) and self-dispersed (11.2%). More than 60% of the total species were classified as “typical” Cerrado species. Bowdichia virgilioides was the only species classified as Near Threatened (NT) and 157 were regarded as Data Deficient (DD). Our dataset provides floristic, structural, and ecological information for one of the targeted areas for Cerrado survey at São Paulo state, contributing to the understanding of diversity patterns and future conservation and restoration actions in this threatened hotspot.