bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Landscaping gender, sexuality, and hope in the 2022 Philippine presidential elections
Authors: Go Christian
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the Linguistic Landscape (LL) of Leni Robredo’s 2022 presidential campaign rallies in the
Philippines and explores the role of gender and sexuality in constructing prefigurative spaces within the offline-online nexus.
Through artifacts used during the campaign, the paper examines how Robredo supporters utilize semiotic resources and intertextual
references from popular and meme culture as well as LGBTQ+ media to adopt stances vis-à-vis gender and sexuality. The paper
suggests that the aggregation of these stances elicit affects that facilitate a prefigurative genderscape where participants enact
an ethos of hope. While these practices cannot completely transcend entrenched forms of power (e.g., macho populism and dynastic
democracy), they materialize a potential future characterized by a people-driven movement. The paper proposes a future direction
for LL studies: engaging prefigurative politics in the examination of the emergent spaces that respond to increasing precarity and
sociopolitical upheavals.
“Determined to prove a villain”
Authors: Spišiaková Eva
Published: August 2024

Shakespeare’s play Richard III represents a fascinating phenomenon from the perspective of critical disability studies. On the one hand, his portrayal stands at the root of the much-criticised link between evil intentions and a physical deformity; on the other, the play allows Richard to reclaim some of the agency of his own corporeality, as he uses his body to gain his political goals. Translations of this play inevitably mirror contemporary views of non-normative bodies, and the two Slovak versions of the play marking the immediate aftermath of World War II and the last years of the communist rule in former Czechoslovakia provide an ideal ground for observing these shifts against the backdrop of significant sociopolitical changes. This article explores how the subtle nuances in individual translated versions reshape Richard’s image, and ultimately highlights the changing historical narratives of disability translated for different generations of Slovak readers and theatregoers.
Translation as retelling
Authors: Wan Tenglong
Published: August 2024

Taking the perspective that translation is a form of (re)narration that participates in (re)constructing social
reality (Baker 2018), this article examines how translation is used as a rigorous means
for mediating meaning, narrativity and cultural representation. Focusing on a case study of Amores do Céu e da Terra:
Contos de Macau (2014), a Portuguese version of the original Chinese prose essay collection Youqing
Tiandi (1991), this article examines the Portuguese version as “reconto” (retelling) to see how the public
(collective) narratives of Macao are reframed by the translators in the target language and culture. The analysis reveals that the
original narratives are reconstructed by the Portuguese translators through their agency at the contextual, textual, intertextual
and paratextual levels. Such reframing has resulted in a new version that reconstructs the public narratives and cultural image of
Macao for Portuguese readers.
Hybrid-order Weyl semimetal and its acoustic realizations
Authors: Wei Qiang , He Ai-Lei , Yan Mou , He Hailong , Jia Suotang
Published: August 2024

Hybrid-order topological insulators combine first- and higher-order topological properties and host topological boundary states with codimension one and more than one in different bandgaps. A Weyl semimetal (WSM) can possess two types of Weyl points: one class of Weyl points terminates the Fermi arc surface states, while another class of Weyl points not only launch Fermi arc surface states but also hinge arc states, exhibiting the hybrid-order topology. Here, we propose a hybrid-order WSM by stacking two-dimensional rhomboid lattices based on chiral nearest-neighbor and double-helix next-nearest interlayer couplings. The first type of Weyl point that only truncates the Fermi arc surface states exists at the crossing of any two-fold degeneracy of two adjacent bands, and the second type of Weyl point that connects the hinge arc states only appears at the crossing of the two middle bands. Our findings enrich the classification of topological semimetals in condensed matter physics.
A finite volume approach to dosimetric calculations in diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy
Authors: Chevé P , Charbonneau P , Carrier J-F , Kamio Y
Published: August 2024

Objective. In diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (‘Alpha DaRT’), the diffusion-leakage (DL) model is used to determine the spatial distributions of the emitters and the corresponding alpha dose, critical for a successful treatment. This work first introduces a finite volume (FV) approach to develop numerical schemes to simulate the DL model in one, two and three dimensions then presents how variations over realistic ranges of the DL model parameters related to desorption, diffusion and leakage processes affect the alpha dose distribution and the position of the clinically significant alpha particle

10

Gy isodose. This work also presents the effects of three modeling approximations: two source geometry approximations (solid cylinder instead of hollow, pixelized cross section instead of circular), and one dosimetric approximation (single-source dose superposition instead of multiple-sources direct dose calculation). Approach. The introduced FV approach was used to obtain spatial distributions of the emitters, from which the corresponding alpha dose distributions were calculated under the assumption of a local deposition of the alpha particles’ energies. Variation ranges of the DL model parameters were based on previously published data. For each modeling approximation studied, the error and relative error on the alpha dose distribution were calculated and the displacement of the

10

Gy isodose was evaluated. Main results. Over realistic ranges, the desorption probabilities, diffusion lengths, and leakage probabilities affect the position of the alpha particle

10

Gy isodose by

∼

0.1

mm,

∼

1.5

mm and

∼

0.5

mm, respectively. The three modeling approximations studied have a negligible effect on the alpha particle

10

Gy isodose position, with displacements

⩽

0.01

mm. Significance. This work quantitatively evaluates the relative importance of different parameters and approximations in Alpha-DaRT alpha dose calculations based on their impact not only on the dose variation at a given distance from the source but also on the displacement of clinically significant isodoses.
Modeling the stress and forces on multi-channel TMS coil arrays in high-field MRI scanners
Authors: Koponen Maria A , Korhonen Juuso T , Vilchez Membrilla José A , Sinisalo Heikki , Paasonen Jaakko , Cobos Sánchez Clemente , Gröhn Olli , Ilmoniemi Risto J , Souza Victor H
Published: August 2024

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method for stimulating the cortex. Concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging can show changes in TMS-induced activity in the whole brain, with the potential to inform brain function research and to guide the development of TMS therapy. However, the interaction of the strong current pulses in the TMS coil in the static main magnetic field of the MRI produces high Lorentz forces, which may damage the coil enclosure and compromise the patient’s safety. We studied the time-dependent mechanical behavior and durability of two multi-locus TMS (mTMS) coil arrays inside a high-field MRI bore with finite element modeling. In addition, coil arrays were built and tested based on the simulation results. We found that the current pulses produce shock waves and time-dependent stress distribution in the coil plates. The intensity and location of the maximum stress depend on the current waveform, the coil combination, and the transducer orientation relative to the MRI magnetic field. We found that 30% glass-fiber-filled polyamide is the most durable material out of the six options studied. In addition, novel insights for more durable TMS coil designs were obtained. Our study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the structural failure of mTMS coil arrays during stimulation within high static magnetic fields. This knowledge is essential for developing mechanically stable and safe mTMS-MRI transducers.
Novel metamaterial array-based dual port MIMO antenna using low profile substrate with feature multiband, and high isolation for sub-6G, IoT, and WiMAX applications
Authors: Siyara Jaydip P , Jiyani Mahesh N , Alsalman Osamah , Lavadiya Sunil P , Patel Shobhit K
Published: August 2024

This article represents a single-layered two-port MIMO antenna loaded into a compact plane-patterned metamaterial (MTM) structure for a 5G communication system. The antenna operates at three bands to investigate metamaterial properties in addition to diversity parameters, an arrangement of a series of arrays suggested a 2-port design antenna and a circular-shaped split ring resonator unit cell was developed. The design of a single port antenna utilizes 1 × 3 MTM unit cells for each component. This antenna operates within a frequency range ranging from 1 GHz to 15 GHz. Additionally, the suggested MIMO antenna offers a dominant isolation of –55dB. The measurement’s results show that, with an entire antenna size of 112 mm × 26.5 mm and a 3.33 GHz bandwidth, the MIMO antenna is achieved with good efficiency and CCL < 0.35, considerable DG > 9.97dB, ECC < 0.18, and TARC <–9.97. The presented design is suitable for medical imaging, RFID, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, IOT, satellite communication systems, and the 5G and sub-6 GHz spectrum.
Self-healing Bessel-Gaussian beam generation based on multimode interference effect
Authors: He Xiaoying , Zhang Yindong , Rao Lan , Xin Xiangjun
Published: August 2024

Two typed Bessel-Gaussian beams with good non-diffraction and self-healing properties have been generated by using tapered hollow tubes with double layers. The evolution process of light propagation in the tapered hollow tube cavity is studied theoretically. The theoretically analysis and simulation results show that the Bessel-Gaussian beam generation is due to the multimode interference. Two typed Bessel-Gaussian beams are generated by changing the inner layer thickness of such hollow tubes, which both experiences autofocusing at the output port and evolve into Bessel-Gaussian beams. The effect of single and multiple silica particles on their self-healing performance has also been analyzed, which has a good property for ultrafast laser micromachining.
Advancing lung ultrasound imaging: advanced pre-processing and neoteric segmentation for improved accuracy
Authors: Edward Thomas Anjelin Genifer , J Shiny Duela
Published: August 2024

Within the medical imaging domain, the segmentation of Lung Ultrasound (LUS) images is crucial for accurately defining regions of interest, particularly for lung health assessments. various techniques such as threshold-based, region-based, and edge-based methods have been employed to address this challenge, their accuracy and efficiency are often questioned. This highlights the need for an innovative approach. With this context in mind, this research introduces a novel preprocessing step using Optimized Gaussian Histogram Equalization (GHE) followed by a Neoteric Segmentation (NS) approach. This combination enhances the capability of segmenting specific regions within LUS images, regardless of the overarching medical scenario. The primary focus of this method is to understand, through a thorough evaluation, how neoteric segmentation compares with more conventional methods. By conducting an in-depth comparative analysis, valuable insights can be unearthed. The results demonstrate that the optimized GHE technique significantly enhances contrast and preserves visual quality, while the NS approach shows superior performance in accurately segmenting the lung regions. Initial findings suggest that the NS method, achieving an impressive 95% accuracy, holds significant promise and could influence the trajectory of healthcare practices. This research aims to advance the field of medical image analysis by highlighting the potential benefits of this cutting-edge segmentation technique. These advancements could positively impact healthcare outcomes, especially in contexts that leverage lung ultrasound imaging.
Assessments of the key plasma parameters with different scenarios on HIT-PSI using EMC3-EIRENE
Authors: Wen Z X , Niu G J , Kawamura G , Huang T , Frerichs H , Dai S Y
Published: August 2024

Linear plasma devices offer an effective way to conduct plasma-wall interaction studies and contribute to a basic understanding of edge plasma physics. A new platform at Harbin Institute of Technology for Plasma Surface Interaction experiments (HIT-PSI) is a newly-built linear device at the stage of commissioning that is capable of simulating high heat power deposition on divertor targets similar to tokamak conditions. Therefore, numerical simulations to evaluate the plasma characteristics are essential for designing and guiding the experimental conditions in HIT-PSI. In this work, the three-dimensional edge transport code EMC3-EIRENE has been used to investigate the plasma parameter distributions in HIT-PSI with the puffing and pumping systems involved. The effects of the heating power and target position on the distribution of electron density, electron temperature, and particle and heat fluxes have been investigated by EMC3-EIRENE. Particularly, the reduction in the electron density with the puffing fluxes has also been studied by analyzing individual atomic and molecular processes. Finally, the influence of varying pumping speeds on plasma parameters has been investigated in detail by adjusting the recycling coefficients at the two pumping ports.
Effect of gold nanoparticle dispersion on the structural, optical and radiation shielding parameters of sodium borate glass
Authors: Sharma Muskan , Sharma Gopi , Kumari Neha , Sharma Rohit , Kaur Jatinder , Mahendru Nancy , Singla Shivani
Published: August 2024

Borate-derived radiation shielding glasses have been thoroughly explored, yet the effects of gold nanoparticle (GNP) dispersion on sodium borate glasses remain unstudied. This study investigates the impact of GNP dispersion and varying GNP concentrations on the radiation shielding properties and other parameters of sodium borate glass. All the glasses were prepared using the melt-quench technique with a composition of 30Na2O-70B2O3, containing 0, 2 × 10−10, and 2 × 10−9 mol% of nanoparticles. The x-ray diffractogram (XRD) confirmed the amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples, while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed structural modifications, indicated by the formation of non-bridging oxygens due to the incorporation of GNPs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) confirmed the presence of GNPs with an average size of 1.317 nm, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) revealed further coagulation of GNPs into tiny grains to alleviate surface stresses. Density measurements showed a clear decrease from 2.3051 to 2.1363 g cm−3 with the incorporation of gold nanoparticles. Additionally, a localized surface plasmon resonance peak centered at 612 nm was observed in the UV–Vis spectrogram of the glass with the highest GNP concentration. Radiation shielding parameters, including the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), and effective atomic number (Zeff), were analyzed using Phy-X/PSD software. The LAC value initially decreases from 76.073 to 70.502 cm−1 with the incorporation of GNPs but increases to 75.878 cm−1 with a higher GNP concentration. This glass system exhibited superior radiation shielding parameters compared to various reported glass systems, indicating its potential for shielding applications.
Fluctuations cutoff in a 1D Hamiltonian model for DNA
Authors: Zoli Marco
Published: August 2024

Considering a one dimensional mesoscopic model for DNA, we focus on the upper bound for the base pair fluctuations, a relevant parameter in computer simulations for which contrasting estimates have been reported. Noticing that the free energy of the model can be obtained analytically in the thermodynamic limit, we derive a relation for the fluctuations upper bound in terms of temperature and elastic force constant of the stacking potential. At room temperature, the fluctuation cutoff is constrained to values ∼2 Å in fair agreement with the threshold above which hydrogen bonds break and base pairs dissociate.
Phase reconstruction by phase shift estimation with reliable parameter minimization
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Bao
Published: August 2024

Achieving a balance between accuracy and speed in phase reconstruction is a challenging problem. In phase-shifting interferometry, increasing the speed by reducing the number of phase shifts while maintaining high accuracy is highly desirable. We propose an accurate and efficient two-step phase reconstruction method utilizing random phase shift. This method directly estimates the phase shift through reliable parameter minimization, allowing for easy and precise phase reconstruction. Simulations and experiments demonstrate the superior performance of our method across various scenarios, outperforming well-known two-step phase-shifting algorithms. We expect this paper to provide a general and powerful tool for phase reconstruction.
Research on strategies of air pollution prevention and control in civil Engineering projects
Authors: Sun Wenkui
Published: August 2024

The prevention and control of air pollution is an important issue of social concern at present. With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of industrialization level, air pollution poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. In the process of construction and use, civil engineering projects can inevitably cause air pollution, which may have a certain impact on the environment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the prevention and control strategy of air pollution in civil engineering field, and to provide reference for the planning and implementation of related projects. First, the main sources of air pollution in civil engineering projects are introduced. Then, a series of prevention and control strategies were proposed. Finally, this paper summarizes the challenges and opportunities of air pollution prevention strategies and research in civil engineering projects. With the improvement of social environmental awareness and the introduction of relevant policies, air pollution control will usher in broader development prospects in the field of civil engineering.
Analysis of green infrastructure network (GIN) based on morphological spatial-temporal pattern analysis (MSTPA): A case study of Shijingshan district in Beijing
Authors: Zheng Zi’ang
Published: August 2024

Rapid urbanization results in habitat fragmentation. GIN analysis provides an objective basis for the complete construction of ecological networks. Although there is currently no uniform standard for GIN analysis, this study found that the core region and the connectivity between the core became two key elements of GIN analysis. By analyzing the morphological recognition of GIN, Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) is targeted in the core area and connectivity analysis, so it has become the mainstream of GIN analysis methods. At the same time, this study finds that there are commonalities in MSPA analysis methods of different scholars. However, it should be noted that GIN analysis by MSPA method in China has two main research gaps: First, it lacks attention to the space scale of urban administrative district level; Second, there is a lack of research on GIN that considers time as a factor. In order to fill these two research gaps, the Shijingshan District of Beijing was selected as the research site to conduct GIN analysis based on Morphological Spatial-Temporal Pattern Analysis (MSTPA). At the same time, the analysis method and data of this study can provide a reference for future scholars to carry out the same type of research.
Applying nanomaterials to enhance the energy density of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Fei Jiaqi
Published: August 2024

The technological improvement and commercialization of lithium-ion batteries have gone through a long period of development, and energy density is a crucial link in their development. At present, nanomaterials have made significant contributions to improving the energy density of batteries, while also effectively addressing some issues including safety and stability. Because of there will be some small size effects, such as an increase in conductivity, an enhancement of all mechanical, optical, and even superparamagnetic behaviour, when the size of the particles inside the material is reduced to match the wavelength of the electron, phonon, and Magnon. Scientists have also made targeted modifications to electrode and electrolyte materials based on these principles, using different technologies to improve the energy density and other electrochemical function of lithium-ion batteries. As a result, this research will start with the cathode, anode, and electrolyte materials of batteries, and explain the applications and principles of related nanomaterials.
Strategies for constructing stable solid electrolyte interface on the surface of lithium metal negative electrodes
Authors: Lin Jiachun
Published: August 2024

With metallic lithium serving as the negative electrode material, lithium metal batteries are seen as the most promising next generation of high-specific energy batteries. However, the poor stability of the solid-state electrolyte interface (SEI) caused by the spontaneous interaction between metal lithium and electrolyte during battery cycling exacerbates several problems such lithium dendrite formation, lower Coulomb efficiency, and capacity degradation. The practical use of secondary lithium metal batteries is therefore constrained. Consequently, enhancing SEI stability is a focus of extensive study in the realm of lithium metal batteries. The ideal surface electrode should have strong surface electrical insulation, good lithium-ion conductivity, and high mechanical strength in order to manage the even deposition of lithium ions on the surface, facilitate ion transport, and inhibit dendritic growth. Therefore, constructing a functional SEI film is an effective strategy to solve the challenges faced by lithium metal negative electrodes. This article first introduces the formation mechanism and structural composition of SEI. Then, the failure reasons of SEI were analyzed. Finally, the modification strategy of SEI was emphasized, aiming to provide a reference for the research of metal lithium negative electrodes.
A bio-inspired strategy inspired by an elephant trunk to grip granules
Authors: Chen Jingren
Published: August 2024

The utilization of granular materials for transportation purposes has the potential to mitigate superfluous expenditures associated with the transportation process. Nevertheless, granular materials exhibit distinct flowability characteristics under specific circumstances, which can lead to challenges such as instability maintenance, intricate grasping tactics, and reduced efficiency throughout the grasping process. Hence, the grasping pattern of the trunk of the African elephant (Loxodonta Africana) was observed. Drawing inspiration from the aforementioned concept, this paper put forth a compelling approach centered around an air-powered flexible gripper platform comprising four distinct gripping stages. Our objective is to explore the correlation between the quantity of items and the supplementary pressure required to achieve successful gripping, while considering variations in object dimensions. This study has the potential to provide novel insights for enhancing the efficacy of granular material transportation through improved gripping mechanisms.
Different methods for single molecule detection
Authors: Dong Chengyang
Published: August 2024

The molecule is the smallest unit that can exist independently and maintain the physical and chemical properties of the substance, so single molecule detection is a critical technology in biology, chemistry, and other disciplines. Today, different instruments and methods for single-molecule detection exist. Each single molecule detection method’s principle, operation, and application scope differ. Systematic analysis and summary are needed. This research will outline the principles and recent achievements of several single-molecule detection methods, from microscopes to spectrometers and biosensors. The development of atomic force microscopy (AFM) is mainly introduced in microscopy. First, the fundamentals of AFM will be introduced, followed by high-speed atomic AFM (Hs-AFM) and its integrated green laser irradiation of single molecules for dynamics, Later, we will introduce the recently developed Localization AFM (LAFM) with higher resolution and the Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) with similar principle. Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging are mainly introduced in spectroscopy. In the last aspect of biosensors, the principle and development of nanopore and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are mainly introduced.
Application research of BP-neutral network model in forecasting sewage volume in Beijing city
Authors: Yuan Shuxuan
Published: August 2024

In order to meet the urgent demand for sewage treatment in Beijing, three methods-PLSR, GM (1,1) and BP-Network were used to fit the sewage volume of Beijing from 2010 to 2019, and the fitting conditions of the three were compared in this paper. In this study, the application of the three methods was analyzed, and the Z-score method was used to eliminate the impact of data dimension and standardize the data. At the same time, the normal distribution of the data was tested, as was the correlation between the data, Which improved the accuracy of the three fitting models. The final result is that the realistic BP neural network has the highest fitting accuracy and can improve the most accurate sewage volume prediction for Beijing.
Research on vehicle electromagnetic compatibility testing based on LTE-V2X direct communication
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Yujie , Wu Yue
Published: August 2024

With the continuous development of intelligent networked vehicle technology, the electromagnetic environment inside and outside the vehicle is becoming more and more complicated. As the key technology of vehicle-road coordination, the electromagnetic reliability of V2X communication will affect the driving safety and ride comfort of intelligent networked vehicles. Based on V2X communication, this paper introduces the mainstream V2X technology and related standards at home and abroad. Taking the vehicle based on LTE-V2X direct communication technology as the object, the construction of the communication scene, electromagnetic emission, and immunity test method in the semi-dark room are studied, and the test results and matters needing attention in the test are given. This research can well support the formulation of vehicle networking standards and help improve the intelligent networked vehicle standards and regulations system.
Frequency source design of solid-state microwave source based on phase-locked loop technology
Authors: Sun Wenhao , Shan Jiafang , Ma Wendong , Zhu Liang , Jia Xisheng
Published: August 2024

A high-performance frequency synthesizer based on phase-locked loop (PLL) technology is proposed for high-power, solid-state microwave sources. The PLL circuit is simulated, optimized, and analyzed by using ADIsimPLL software. The methods to improve the phase noise performance of the frequency source are summarized. Using ADF4351, STM32, ADL5611, and other devices to complete the hardware circuit and software control part of the design, the low noise frequency source is successfully established. The frequency source can output the signal in the frequency range of 2.3 G-2.5 G, the phase noise is within - 97.30 dBc@1 KHz, the output power reaches 20 dBm, the overall performance is excellent, and meets the requirements of a solid-state microwave source.
Digital-analog hybrid control of an inverted pendulum robot based on memristor
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Chen Yingying , Zhang Zien , Liu Fucai
Published: August 2024

Single inertial measurement unit sensor signals are inaccurate, and traditional digital processing systems with separate storage and computation architectures cannot directly handle analog sensor signals, leading to significant delays and high power consumption. In that case, the control capability for self-balancing robots has been limited. In this work, a three-terminal MoS2-based memristor device was fabricated and successfully integrated into a memristor-based hybrid control inverted pendulum robot system. This system achieved continuous multi-sensor analog data fusion computations and analog PD control computations by combining the least squares method and a gradient descent algorithm based on a reward mechanism in digital circuits to control the memristors dynamically. Additionally, simulation testing and real, inverted pendulum robot control confirmed the efficacy of its data fusion and the accuracy of its PD control. The comparative experiments demonstrated that the hybrid control system based on memristors was approximately 86.41 mJ lower than the digital system. This system holds significant importance for the processing of large-scale sensor data and robot control.
An Output-Capacitorless LDO regulator with fast transient response and high PSRR
Authors: Fan Qingqing , Chai Changchun , Mao Xinyi , Song Boqi , Yang Yintang
Published: August 2024

A fast transient response and high supply voltage rejection ratio (PSRR) output-capacitor-less low-dropout (OCL-LDO) regulator with a dual power transistor structure is proposed in this paper. The designed flip voltage follower (FVF) structure and the proposed back-gate control loop improve the transient performance of the system. The proposed PSRR enhancement circuit transmits the power supply voltage fluctuation 1:1 to the gate of the power transistor so that the influence of the power supply voltage fluctuation on the output voltage of the LDO is offset by the difference between the gate and source voltages of the power transistor. The simulated results have shown that the proposed OCL-LDO regulator achieves full range stability from 100 μA to 50 mA. The output voltage undershoot is reduced by more than 100 mV when the load current is stepped from 1 to 50 mA in 500 ns without the load capacitor. The PSRR enhancement circuit increases the PSRR of the LDO from 1 KHz to 10 MHz by more than 20 dB.
DOA method based on CSI and improved neural network
Authors: Sun Jingwei
Published: August 2024

In wireless communication systems, accurate estimation of signal direction has always been a key research area. Channel State Information (CSI) is an important parameter that can be used to estimate the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of a signal. In order to improve the accuracy and robustness of DOA estimation, this study aims to explore a DOA estimation method based on CSI and improved neural networks. Firstly, the role of CSI in localization technology and related theories are detailed. Subsequently, the application of neural network-based fingerprint matching algorithms, including BP neural networks, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and chaotic mapping techniques, is analyzed. In light of this, an improved BP neural network integrating chaotic mapping and adaptive weighting is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy and convergence rate of the algorithm. Finally, through the collection and training of experimental data, an algorithm proposed in this article achieves a test set accuracy of 96.4286% and a training set accuracy of 82.7243%. The better training effect is obtained, which verifies the efficacy and superiority of the proposed approach.
Attempts to increase communication rates with explosive acoustic sources for underwater communications
Authors: Xiu Jiaqi , Zhang Min
Published: August 2024

To meet the requirement of a higher speed rate for hydroacoustic communication, an innovative scheme is proposed to simulate an airgun sound source by superimposing two different frequency Ricker Wavelets to form a multi-wave Ricker Wavelet. On the receiver side, two bandpass filters are employed to recover the original information. First, the characteristics of a single Ricker Wavelet, a multi-wave Ricker Wavelet, and an airgun sound source were compared. We found that the multi-wave Ricker Wavelet has characteristics that are similar to the airgun sound source, which leads to the conclusion that using a multi-wave Ricker Wavelet is the best way to simulate the airgun sound source. Secondly, we proposed a method to simulate the airgun sound source for transmission by superposition of two multi-wave Ricker Wavelets of different frequencies, which was an innovative scheme capable of sending two bits of information in one code element duration, thus better meeting the demand for higher communication rates in hydroacoustic communication. Finally, we conducted simulation experiments to verify the validity of the above conclusions. The analysis and elaboration can provide a novel and efficient solution for the field of hydroacoustic communication.
A dynamic target tracking model for uavs based on the fusion of twin networks and deep learning
Authors: Yang Xiaocong , Huang Xilong , Huang Ziqun , Zhu Lanchong , Li Xuwei
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a deep learning model incorporating twin networks is proposed to address the challenge of dynamic target tracking by UAVs in complex environments. By exploring the combination of twin networks and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in detail, this study aims to develop an efficient algorithm capable of accurately tracking dynamic targets under various environmental conditions. The design of the model focuses on utilizing the strong feature-matching capability of twin networks and the advantages of CNNs in image processing in order to improve tracking accuracy and response speed. Experimental simulations show that the model in this paper exhibits better accuracy and response time than the existing popular algorithm YOLOv3 in dynamic target tracking tasks at different difficulty levels. In particular, the present model demonstrates higher robustness and adaptability under different conditions. In addition, the practical application potential of the model is discussed in this paper, pointing out its wide application prospects in the fields of unmanned aerial surveillance and environment sensing of self-driving vehicles.
Multi-Agent DRL for task offloading with delay reliability assurances in ris-aided MEC in UDN
Authors: Cai Yunlong , Dong Chongwu , Qiao Cheng , Wen Wushao
Published: August 2024

This paper focuses on the scenario where Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are introduced in ultra-dense networks (UDN) to guarantee the transmission performance of task offloading of users in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC). Considering users’ task arrival and wireless channel stochasticity, we analyze the delay violation probability bound for each user’s two-hop tandem queueing system with the Martingale theory, i.e., the task offloading and edge computing queues. By taking the delay violation probability bounds as the service reliability constraint, we further propose a MADRL-based algorithm, which co-trains each user and BS as independent and heterogeneous agents and maximizes the total energy efficiency of the system by jointly optimizing the users’ offloading ratio, the RISs’ phase-shift, and the BSs’ resource allocation policy. Experimental results show that our algorithm can improve the EE by about 17.9% compared to other alternative methods under different reliability requirements.
Research and comparison of algorithms based on multi-modal fusion
Authors: Li Cheng Yang
Published: August 2024

A multi-modal fusion algorithm is an important method for information fusion on multi-modal data provided by different sensors. It can make full use of the advantages of multiple sensors and improve the accuracy and robustness of data processing and decision-making. This paper aims to study the performance difference between the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm and other algorithms in multi-modal fusion and explore a method to fuse multiple algorithms further to improve the accuracy of fusion results. The author uses the classic test set data set for experiments to evaluate the performance of different algorithms. By comparing and analyzing the performance of each algorithm in data fusion tasks, we can get their advantages and disadvantages in different scenarios. Among them, the extended Kalman filter algorithm is a classical algorithm based on Bayesian filtering, which can estimate the system state through recursive state estimation and covariance update. In addition, the author also uses linear regression, random forest, and other algorithms to compare. Then, the author uses several test sets to evaluate the performance of each algorithm. Through a comprehensive analysis of the MSE and MAE errors output by the algorithm, the applicability, advantages, and disadvantages of each algorithm in different scenarios are obtained.
A UAV communication strategy based on user distribution time series prediction
Authors: Cheng Hao , Liang Dong
Published: August 2024

To maximize the role of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as mobile relays to assist communication, while meeting the requirements of service quality and energy constraints, it is necessary to fully consider the motion trajectories and spatiotemporal distribution of ground users in UAV wireless communication systems. Therefore, an algorithm that combines Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is proposed to predict user distribution. The LSTM, with its capability of handling temporal data, enables the UAV to refer to the preceding information during flight decision-making and make action outputs based on predictions of the dynamic environment. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can accurately predict the position information of mobile users, achieve faster convergence, and obtain better performance in dynamic scenarios. The system performance has improved by 5.8 percent.
Inverse Kinematics Analysis of a 2-DOF Stabilized Platform using Simulink and Simscape
Authors: Koraaa Mahmoud M. , Ghamry Khaled A. , Abo-Elnor Mootaz E. , Elsherif Ibrahim A.
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a parallel manipulator with two universal-prismatic-universal (UPU)-type active limbs and one revolute-spherical (RS)-type passive limb which is used as a stabilizing platform based on the shipboard helicopter’s landing process and its kinematics are studied systematically. First, a 3D model of this stabilized platform is constructed, and its degrees of freedom are analyzed. Second, analytic formulas for solving the inverse kinematics and calculating the required lengths of each limb are derived and modeled using Simulink®. Third, a Simscape™ model is constructed for the proposed design, and finally, the comparison of the results between the two models is done.
Kalman filter-based sensor fusion for Ackermann steering mobile robots
Authors: Peiris M , Lang H , El-Gindy M
Published: August 2024

Autonomous navigation technologies are continuously improving in terms of performance and safety. A key subfield of autonomous navigation for mobile robots is localization or precise positioning, involving the robot understanding its position relative to key points of interest in the environment. Traditionally, localization is purely dependent on the quality of input received from onboard sensors and therefore localization quality degrades in the presence of high sensor error or other faults. Sensor fusion is useful to combat this. Sensor fusion is used to combine various data types from different sensors to gain a lower overall uncertainty or error in the resulting data, when compared to the separate data from each individual sensor. In this study a four-wheel mobile robot with front-wheel driving and steering is localized during navigation. The investigation is performed in simulation and with a physical prototype. The mobile robot has several sensors including a wheel encoder on each wheel, an inertial measurement unit as well as an indoor GPS system. A designed Kalman Filter called The Combined Kalman Filter has been designed to fuse the sensor input data in order to output the position data required to localize the robot in (X, Y) cartesian coordinates. This is completed in the presence of sensor bias error and noise with the output path compared against a pre-selected ground truth trajectory. The proposed filter is based on the Extended Kalman Filter to contend with the non-linear model arising from the four-wheel steerable robot with the steering system following the Ackermann steering condition. The robot model and sensors are simulated in MATLAB for a chosen ground truth trajectory with results highlighting any detected faults and final accurate position information. It was seen that the estimated filter output had high accuracy when compared with the ground truth. Compared with other investigations the proposed filter has reduced mean error and minimal deviations compared with the ground truth path. In addition, this filtering model can be used in general for the localization of other actuated steering vehicles and aims to widen the research in this field as the majority of research in this area leverages differential drive robots which require less complex modeling.
The Impact of Exhaust Louvres and Emission Rates on The Effectiveness of Parking Lot Ventilation
Authors: Omar M H , Kamal M M , Abotaleb H A
Published: August 2024

This research investigated a couple of aspects of CO emissions from car vehicles. Firstly, it explored the influence of varying the number of vehicles in operation. Secondly, it analysed the significance of exhaust vents affecting the concentration of CO through parking space lots. The conducted analysis relied on simulation data obtained using ANSYS-Software, as opposed to experimental data. The accuracy of the natural ventilation model was validated. The impact of various running vehicles was examined, including those with half, partially, and fully-loaded. The objective was to determine the correlation between the number of running vehicles and the increase in CO concentration. In addition, several configurations of exhaust vents were examined for the fully loaded scenario. As a result, it was shown that the architectural layout has an impact on the natural ventilation system, which may not be suitable for human health, especially when dealing with greater car emission rates.
On the microstructure and hardness evaluation of aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced with in situ (Fe-Al-Cr-Ni) intermetallic compounds
Authors: Khalifa M , Anas O , Shamekh M , Osman M
Published: August 2024

In this study, Aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) were produced through stir casting technique, using in situ intermetallic compounds as reinforcement. The in situ synthesis of these reinforcement phases involved the addition of stainless-steel particles (type 316L) at various weight percentages of 5, 10, and 15 wt. %. The impact of varying the amount of stainless particles added on the hardness and microstructure of the resulting AMMCs was examined. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis reveal the formation of two types of intermetallic compounds: iron aluminide intermetallic compounds in irregular plate and needle-like morphologies and another one with higher percentage of Cr in a hexagonal-plate like morphology. Microstructural characterization shows a reputable distribution of the newly formed intermetallic phases. The findings indicate that the hardness of the composites improves as the stainless particles content increases. Hardness of the AMMC fabricated by adding 15 wt.% stainless steel was tripled compared with that of pure aluminium.
Advancing Machinability of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy: A Sustainable Integrated Approach
Authors: Omer Mohamed A.E. , Ibrahim Ahmed. M.M. , Abu-Qudeiri Jaber , Mourad Abdel-Hamid , Hegab Hussien
Published: August 2024

Titanium alloys are indispensable materials in numerous industries, including aerospace, medical, and dental fields. This prevalence is due to their unique properties, such as their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion, and biocompatibility. On the other hand, the machinability of these materials faces a dual challenge: their low thermal conductivity, which confines heat within the cutting zone, and their chemical reactivity with the tool material. This work aims to explore and comprehensively evaluate the advancement in cooling and lubrication approaches that have been introduced to enhance the machinability of Ti-6Al-V alloys. Despite the numerous positive outcomes observed with recently employed techniques such as reduced friction, lowered temperatures, and prolonged tool life. These methods and techniques are either not accepted yet or limitedly accepted within the industry due to the inherent weaknesses and limitations of each technique. This work introduces a new integrated and sustainable concept that can surmount the challenges associated with previous approaches, aiming for more sustainable machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloys. The suggested integrated concept may overcome the lubrication, cooling, cost, and environmental problems of the recently used approaches.
A centralized fleet management system for electrified transportation
Authors: Lashin Yehia A. , Ali Ahmed M. , Aiad Ahmed F. , Asfoor Mostafa Sh.
Published: August 2024

Hybrid Electric Vehicles are a promising alternative to Conventional and Electric Vehicles, as they offer better fuel economy, lower emissions, and long drive range without requiring extensive charging infrastructure. Limited driving range and battery degradation in electric vehicles are the main challenges in electrified fleets working in large metropolitan. For these challenges, the hybrid electric vehicle fleet management system is an effective solution to optimize power consumption and mitigate electric vehicle and conventional vehicle challenges. This paper proposes a hybrid electric vehicle fleet management system for public transportation, to analyze and investigate the performance and energy consumption rate of conventional, electric, and hybrid electric vehicles on different routes using representative driving cycles. The hybrid electric vehicle fleet management system enhances operational efficiency for the fleet management system and reduces power consumption in transportation. The proposed work comprises a hybrid electric vehicle model that is based on object-oriented programming. The proposed work offers the ability to add the input of the initial state of charge, power split ratio, and route data for each bus, and the hybrid electric vehicle model computes the state of charge and fuel consumption rate along the road. Finally, The proposed work shows how a hybrid electric vehicle fleet management system has a significant potential to be a solution for public transportation in Egyptian urban areas at this time compared with conventional vehicle and electric vehicle fleet management systems.