bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle‐Imprinted Polymers for Size‐Selective Recognition of Nanoparticles
Authors: Kraus‐Ophir Shlomit , Witt Julia , Wittstock Gunther , Mandler Daniel
Published: November 2013

Citrate‐stabilized gold nanoparticles 15 nm and 33 nm in diameter were transferred concomitantly with a monolayer of positively charged polyaniline by Langmuir–Blodgett transfer at pH 5 onto a conducting indium‐doped tin oxide (ITO) support. Films consisting of one to three layers of polyaniline with thicknesses of 1–3 nm were prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After electro‐oxidation of the Au nanoparticles in 0.1 MKCl, cavities were left behind in the film that could be analyzed by SEM. These cavities were able to recapture analyte nanoparticles from a solution of pH 10 and showed size‐exclusion properties. The amount of nanoparticles taken up by the cavities was conveniently analyzed by measuring the charge associated with the electro‐oxidation of these particles in 0.1 MKCl after the film had been rinsed with water. The size‐exclusion properties improved with the number of Langmuir–Blodgett layers transferred.
Synthesis, Antioxidant, and Antiacetylcholinesterase Activities of Sulfonamide Derivatives of Dopamine‐Related Compounds
Authors: Göçer Hülya , Akıncıoğlu Akın , Öztaşkın Necla , Göksu Süleyman , Gülçin İlhami
Published: November 2013

A series of sulfonamides were synthesized from dopamine derivatives. The reactions of amines with methanesulfonyl chloride followed by O‐demethylation with BBr3 afforded phenolic sulfonamides. The antioxidant activities of the synthesized phenolic sulfonamides were investigated by thiocyanate method, 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH•), N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (DMPD•+), and superoxide anion (O2•−) radical scavenging, reducing power, and ferrous ion (Fe2+) chelating assays. Sulfonamides 13–16 showed around 75–85% inhibition on linoleic acid peroxidation. On the other hand, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), α‐tocopherol, and trolox indicated an inhibition of 90.0%, 85.73%, 73.33%, and 85.73% on peroxidation, respectively, in the same system at the same concentration (10 µg/mL). Also, the inhibition effects of the synthesized compounds on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were evaluated. AChE was effectively inhibited by sulfanomides 13–16, with Ki values in the range of 33.04 ± 4.3 to 131.68 ± 8.8 nM.
Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling of Coumarin–Piperazine Derivatives as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Modh Rahul P. , Kumar Sivakumar Prasanth , Jasrai Yogesh T. , Chikhalia Kishor H.
Published: November 2013

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important drug target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. A novel series of coumarin–piperazine derivatives were synthesized and their potency to inhibit human AChE enzyme (hAChE) was studied. All the final compounds were characterized by infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Docking experiments of the designed coumarin–piperazine derivatives were carried out in order to compare the theoretical and experimental binding affinities toward hAChE, to delineate the inhibitory mechanism. Subsequently, a structure–activity relationship (SAR) study using the molecular field method showed that the hydrophobic field and positive charge center conferred by the coumarin and piperazine moieties demonstrated an inhibitory mechanism. Among the compounds tested, 3f, 3j, and 3m were found to be the most potent inhibitors of hAChE.
Geophysical Observations at Archaeological Sites: Estimating Informational Content
Authors: Eppelbaum Lev V.
Published: November 2013

The application of geophysical methods to archaeological sites is limited by physical, environmental, economic and time considerations. The presence of numerous kinds of noise means that in many cases the archaeological targets and surrounding media are best approached as probabilistic objects, such that the amount of information potentially available from different geophysical methods can be estimated by probabilistic and statistical methods, including the risks associated with this decision‐making. Here it is shown that simple informational and probabilistic criteria can be applied to formalize the information that can be obtained by applying different geophysical methods. To assess their relative value, geophysical methods, geophysical information and cost and time factors are convoluted in order to generate integrated parameters. This theoretical presentation of the information parameters is illustrated by the calculation of actual results. The solution to this ‘four colour’ mathematical problem shows that two independent geophysical methods are sufficient to characterize the archaeological potential of a site. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pyridinium‐Fused Pyridinone: A Novel “Turn‐on” Fluorescent Chemodosimeter for Cyanide
Authors: Li Junbo , Gao Junkuo , Xiong Wei‐Wei , Li Pei‐Zhou , Zhang Huacheng , Zhao Yanli , Zhang Qichun
Published: November 2013

A new chemodosimeter based on pyridinium‐fused pyridinone iodide (PI) has been obtained through a “clean reaction” method. This compound can detect CN− in aqueous solution with a high selectivity and rapid response. The detection of CN− occurs through the nucleophilic attack of CN− on the CN bond, which induces the destruction of the π‐conjugation on the pyridinium ring. Support of this detection mechanism was obtained by 1H NMR titration, HR‐MS, and DFT calculations. Upon the addition of 10 equivalents CN− to a solution of PI in THF/H2O (1:1, v/v), a 57‐fold enhancement in fluorescence intensity was observed at the maximum emission wavelength of 457 nm. Meanwhile, the maximum absorption wavelength was also blue‐shifted from 447 nm to 355 nm. Other common anions such as BF4−, PF6−, F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, H2PO4−, ClO4−, CH3COO−, NO2−, N3−, and SCN− had little effect on the detection of CN−. The response time of PI for CN− was less than 5 seconds. The detection limit was calculated to be 5.4×10−8 M, which is lower than the maximum permission concentration in drinking water (1.9 μM) set by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Stability Criterion of 2‐D Positive Systems with Unbounded Delays Described by Roesser Model
Authors: Liu Xingwen
Published: November 2013

This paper addresses the asymptotic stability issue of two‐dimensional (2‐D) positive systems with delays described by the Roesser model. The delays are time‐varying and may be unbounded. A necessary and sufficient stability condition is established, which determines if the considered system is asymptotically stable for all delays satisfying a sector bound constraint. The result is formulated as a linear programming problem and is hence computationally friendly. An example illustrates the theoretical result.
Flocking of Multi‐Agents Following a Leader with Adaptive Protocol in a Noisy Environment
Authors: Li Shukai , Liu Xinzhi , Tang Wansheng , Zhang Jianxiong
Published: November 2013

This paper investigates the flocking problem of multi‐agents following a leader with communication delays in a noisy environment. Based on potential fields and the LaSalle‐type theorem for stochastic differential delay equations, by introducing the adaptive protocol compensating for the desired velocity, a new neighbor‐based flocking protocol is proposed such that all the agents move with a virtual leader's velocity almost surely, and avoidance of collision between the agents is ensured. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Multi‐parameter multi‐physics ensemble (MPMPE): a new approach exploring the uncertainties of climate sensitivity
Authors: Shiogama Hideo , Watanabe Masahiro , Ogura Tomoo , Yokohata Tokuta , Kimoto Masahide
Published: November 2013

To explore both the parametric and structural uncertainties of climate sensitivity (CS), we have proposed a new general circulation model (GCM) ensemble termed the multi‐parameter multi‐physics ensemble (MPMPE). We used eight multi‐physics ensemble (MPE) models in which the MIROC5 physics schemes were replaced by those of MIROC3. MPMPE consisted of perturbed‐physics ensembles in which the parameter values were swept for each MPE model. MPMPE resulted in a wide range of CS, which was related to the shortwave cloud feedback (SWcld). Coupling between low‐ and mid‐level clouds controlled the differences in the parametric spread of SWcld among the MPE models.
Effects of yeast immobilization on bioethanol production
Authors: Borovikova Diana , Scherbaka Rita , Patmalnieks Aloizijs , Rapoport Alexander
Published: November 2013

The current study evaluated a newer method, which includes a dehydration step, of immobilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae L‐77 and S. cerevisiae L‐73 onto hydroxylapatite and chamotte ceramic supports. The efficiency of cell immobilization on chamotte was significantly higher than hydroxylapatite. Immobilized yeast preparations were investigated for their ethanol‐producing capabilities. The glucose concentration in a fermentation medium was 100 mg/mL. Immobilized preparations produced the same amount of ethanol (48 ± 0.5 mg/mL) as free cells after 36 H of fermentation. During the early stages of fermentation, immobilized yeast cells produced ethanol at a higher rate than free cells. Yeast preparations immobilized on both supports (hydroxylapatite and chamotte) were successfully used in six sequential batch fermentations without any loss of activity. The chamotte support was more stable in the fermentation medium during these six cycles of ethanol production. In addition to the high level of ethanol produced by cells immobilized on chamotte, the stability of this support and its low cost make it a promising material for biotechnologies associated with ethanol production.
Baugrubenverbauten – Nomogramme zur Bestimmung der statisch erforderlichen Einbindetiefe nach dem EC 7
Authors: Adams Markus , Ziegler Martin
Published: November 2013

Infolge der Einführung des EC 7 und dem damit verbundenen Wechsel vom Global‐ auf das Teilsicherheitskonzept ist das bewährte Hilfsmittel der Nomogramme nach Blum [1] zur vereinfachten Bestimmung der statisch erforderlichen Einbindetiefe von geschlossenen Baugrubenverbauten, wie zum Beispiel Spund‐, Bohrpfahl‐ oder Schlitzwänden, nicht mehr anwendbar. Daher wurden am Lehrstuhl für Geotechnik im Bauwesen der RWTH Aachen für drei unterschiedliche statische Systeme neue, auf dem Teilsicherheitskonzept beruhende Nomogramme hergeleitet.

Building pit wall – nomograms for estimating the statically required embedment

Due to the introduction of the EC 7 and the change from the global safety concept to the partial safety concept, the established and well‐known nomograms of Blum [1] for a simplified estimation of the embedment depth of sheet pile walls are no longer valid. Hence, new nomograms for three different static boundary conditions based on the partial safety concept have been derived at the “Institute of Geotechnical Engineering” of RWTH Aachen University.
Digitale Photogrammetrie in der Bautechnik
Authors: Jesse Frank , Kutzner Tobias
Published: November 2013

Die digitale Nahbereichsphotogrammetrie ermöglicht die berührungslose Erfassung von Verformungen, Rissen und anderen Schädigungen bei experimentellen Untersuchungen von Baustoffen, Bauteilen und Baukonstruktionen. Bei Beton bzw. Stahlbeton sind die zu beobachtenden Dehnungen (ca. 3, 5 ‰ Druckbruchdehnung, ca. 0,1 ‰ Zugbruchdehnung) und Rissbreiten (ab 0,05 mm) im Vergleich zu anderen Materialien sehr klein. Bei Betonbauteilen wird die digitale Nahbereichsphotogrammetrie daher oft an der Leistungsgrenze betrieben. Dann entscheidet die optimale Wahl maßgebender Systemparameter darüber, ob die Messaufgabe mit hinreichender Genauigkeit durchgeführt werden kann. In einer systematischen Studie zu maßgebenden Systemparametern wurden Einflussgrößen und Abhängigkeiten mit einer üblichen Photogrammetrieanlage untersucht. Zu den untersuchten Systemparametern zählen Parameter der Bildaufnahme – wie Signalisierung, Beleuchtung, Belichtung, Bildrate, Objektposition – und Parameter der Bildauswertung – wie Größe, Anzahl und Position der Facetten. Wesentliche Ergebnisse werden vorgestellt und diskutiert. Daraus werden Empfehlungen für Systemparameter beim praktischen Einsatz, erreichbare Messgenauigkeit und Hinweise zu Anwendungsgrenzen abgeleitet.

Digital photogrammetry in construction engineering – Influence of major system parameters and accuracy potential in applications

Digital close range photogrammetry enables non‐contact acquisition of deformations, cracks and other damages from materials, members and building constructions. Strains of concrete and reinforced concrete (ca. 3,5 ‰ ultimate compression strain, ca. 0,1 ‰ ultimate tension strain) and crack widths (from 0,05 mm) are very small compared to other materials. Thus, digital close range photogrammetry often operates on its limits when being applied to concrete structures. The optimal choice of major system parameters decides whether measurements can be accomplished with sufficient accuracy. In a systematic study of relevant system parameters influences and interdependencies were investigated by means of conventional digital photogrammetry equipment. System parameters studied include both the image acquisition process – such as signaling, lighting, exposure, frame rate, object location – and the image analysis parameters – such as size, number and position of facets. Key results are presented and discussed. Finally, recommendations are derived for system parameters in practical application and application limits.
Schwingungsmonitoring an Generatoren
Authors: Bluhm Ján , Bluhm Roman
Published: November 2013

Der Bau des Gas‐ und Dampfturbinen (GuD)‐Kraftwerkes in Sur ist das größte Energieprojekt im Oman. Mit der Inbetriebnahme werden die Gas‐ und Dampfturbinen der neuesten Generation eine Kapazität von 2 000 MW liefern. Für Fundamente von ausgewählten Gasturbinen‐Generator‐Sätzen wurden alle statischen und dynamischen Ausführungsunterlagen auf Vollständigkeit und Plausibilität geprüft. Im Ergebnis dieser Unterlagenprüfung wurde empfohlen, zerstörungsfreie Untersuchungen zur Verifizierung der Bewehrungslage durchzuführen und Schwingungsmessungen nach ISO 10816 auszuführen. Diese Schwingungsmessungen sollen Amplituden und Frequenzen am Fundament und an den Hauptlagern des Generatorschaftes während der Test‐ und Betriebsphase aufzeichnen, sodass ein Vergleich mit den Angaben des Maschinenherstellers möglich ist und die Betriebstauglichkeit gewährleistet werden kann. Hierzu wurde ein modernes Schwingungsmesssystem installiert, welches den Zugriff per Webbrowser erlaubt, sodass die Überwachung und Begutachtung aus Deutschland sicher und komfortabel erfolgen kann.

Vibration monitoring of generators – Combined cycle power plant in Sur (Oman)

The construction of the combined cycle power plant (CCPP) in Sur is the largest energy project in Oman. With the commissioning of the gas and steam turbines of the latest generation a capacity of 2000 MW will be delivered. For foundations of selected gas turbine generator sets, all static and dynamic design documents were reviewed for completeness and plausibility. As a result of this document examination, non‐destructive tests to verify the reinforcement layer and vibration measurements according to ISO 10816 have been recommended. These vibration measurements should record amplitudes and frequencies at the foundation and at main bearing points of the generator shaft during the testing and operational phases. This allows the comparison with vendor's requirements and to ensure serviceability. For this purpose, a modern vibration measurement system was installed, which allows access via a web browser, so that the monitoring and evaluation can take place safely and comfortably from Germany.
Observed Variability and Values Matter: Toward a Better Understanding of Information Search and Decisions from Experience
Authors: Mehlhorn Katja , Ben‐Asher Noam , Dutt Varun , Gonzalez Cleotilde
Published: November 2013

The search for different options before making a consequential choice is a central aspect of many important decisions, such as mate selection or purchasing a house. Despite its importance, surprisingly little is known about how search and choice are affected by the observed and objective properties of the decision problem. Here, we analyze the effects of two key properties in a binary choice task: the options' observed and objective values, and the variability of payoffs. First, in a large public data set of a binary choice task, we investigate how the observed value and variability relate to decision‐makers' efforts and preferences during search. Furthermore, we test how these properties influence the chance of correctly identifying the objectively maximizing option, and how they affect choice. Second, we designed a novel experiment to systematically analyze the role of the objective difference between the options. We find that a larger objective difference between options increases the chance for correctly identifying the maximizing option, but it does not affect behavior during search and choice. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formvariationen von Druckgliedern
Authors: Schmidt Angela , Curbach Manfred , Henke Michael , Fischer Oliver
Published: November 2013

In zwei Teilprojekten des von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Schwerpunktprogramms 1542 “Leicht Bauen mit Beton” werden Formfindungen von Stabstrukturen und Stützen gemäß des Prinzips “form follows force” vorgenommen. In dem Artikel wird auf die erhaltenen kraftflussgerechten Geometrien bei einem maßgebenden Stabilitätsversagen und geometrisch linearer Betrachtung für verschiedene Lagerungsfälle unter zentrischem Druck eingegangen. Die Formfindungen wurden in beiden Teilprojekten mit unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen vorgenommen. Die jeweiligen Methoden werden erläutert und diskutiert. Bei der Formermittlung wird sowohl eine Variation der Grundgeometrie im Querschnitt als auch der Form in Längsrichtung betrachtet. Es wird außerdem ein Einblick in frühere Untersuchungen zu dieser Thematik gegeben, deren Anfänge weit zurückreichen. Abschließend wird eine ästhetisch ansprechendere Formidee für Stützen vorgestellt.

Form variations of compression members

In two subprojects of the Priority Programme 1542 “Concrete light”, which is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), form findings of strut and tie‐models and columns according to the principle “form follows force” were conducted. The article discusses the results of geometries, which are aligned with the direction of forces for a definite stability failure and different bearings. The form findings were taken with different procedures in both subprojects. The referring methods are explained and discussed in the following text. For the form finding a variation of the cross section as well as a variation of the form in longitudinal direction was analysed. Furthermore an insight in early researches to this topic, which began a long time ago, is given. After all, an aesthetic shape idea of the column geometry is considered.
Non‐Standard Fügeprinzipien für leichte Bauteile aus UHPFRC
Authors: Mainka Jeldrik , Lehmberg Sven , Budelmann Harald , Kloft Harald
Published: November 2013

Trotz der enormen Entwicklungen in der digitalen Planung und Fertigung wird unser Denken im Bauwesen immer noch vom Standard der industriellen Fertigung geprägt. Die aus Stahl und Holz produzierten Profile und Halbzeuge, ebenso wie die marktüblichen Schalungssysteme für Betonbauteile, implizieren eine möglichst einfache Geometrie und Fügung. Demzufolge sind heutige Tragkonstruktionen meistens aus biegebeanspruchten, masseintensiven Bauteilen zusammengesetzt. Leichte formaktive Tragwerke, wie beispielsweise die 1972 erbaute Lufthansa Wartungshalle V am Frankfurter Flughafen, sind dagegen kaum noch zu finden. In Zukunft wird dem effizienten Einsatz von Material und Energie eine entscheidende Bedeutung für die Umsetzung einer nachhaltigen Bauwirtschaft zukommen. Statt Komplexität auf Kosten erhöhter Massen zu vermeiden, wird es zukünftig vielmehr darum gehen, Material durch strukturelle Effizienz einzusparen. Die Chance hierzu liegt in der Zusammenführung der neuesten Entwicklungen im Bereich der Materialtechnologie mit denen der digitalen Planung und Fertigung. Ziel muss es sein, für high‐tech‐Werkstoffe – wie ultrahochfestem Stahlfaserbeton (UHPFRC) – dem Material angemessene Non‐Standard Fügeprinzipien zu entwickeln, die trotz gestiegener Komplexität wirtschaftlich zu fertigen sind. Hier setzt der vorliegende Beitrag an und zeigt aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zu innovativen Fügeprinzipien für leichte Bauteile aus UHPFRC.

Non‐standard principles for joining lightweight members made from UHPFRC

Despite the enormous developments in digital design and fabrication methods our thinking in the construction industry is still dominated by the standard of industrial production. The profiles and semi‐manufactured parts made from steel and wood as well as the on the market available formwork systems for concrete structures imply the simplest possible geometry and addition. Consequently, today's load‐bearing structures are usually composed of bending stress mass‐intensive components. Lightweight form‐active structures such as built in 1972 Lufthansa Maintenance Hall V at Frankfurt airport, however, are hard to find. In the future, the efficient use of materials and energy will have a crucial importance for the implementation of sustainable construction. Instead of avoiding complexity at the cost of increased masses, the goal for the future will be to save mass by using structural efficiency. The opportunity for this lies in the combination of the latest developments in material technology with the digital planning and production. The aim for high‐tech materials such as ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) must be to develop material appropriate non‐standard joint principles that are produced economically despite increased complexity. This is where the present contribution starts showing the current research results for innovative principles for joining lightweight members from UHPFRC.
BippyPhos: A Single Ligand With Unprecedented Scope in the Buchwald–Hartwig Amination of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides
Authors: Crawford Sarah M. , Lavery Christopher B. , Stradiotto Mark
Published: November 2013

Over the past two decades, considerable attention has been given to the development of new ligands for the palladium‐catalyzed arylation of amines and related NH‐containing substrates (i.e., Buchwald–Hartwig amination). The generation of structurally diverse ligands, by research groups in both academia and industry, has facilitated the accommodation of sterically and electronically divergent substrates including ammonia, hydrazine, amines, amides, and NH heterocycles. Despite these achievements, problems with catalyst generality persist and access to multiple ligands is necessary to accommodate all of these NH‐containing substrates. In our quest to address this significant limitation we identified the BippyPhos/[Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2 catalyst system as being capable of catalyzing the amination of a variety of functionalized (hetero)aryl chlorides, as well as bromides and tosylates, at moderate to low catalyst loadings. The successful transformations described herein include primary and secondary amines, NH heterocycles, amides, ammonia and hydrazine, thus demonstrating the largest scope in the NH‐containing coupling partner reported for a single Pd/ligand catalyst system. We also established BippyPhos/[Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2 as exhibiting the broadest demonstrated substrate scope for metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of (hetero)aryl chlorides with NH indoles. Furthermore, the remarkable ability of BippyPhos/[Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2 to catalyze both the selective monoarylation of ammonia and the N‐arylation of indoles was exploited in the development of a new one‐pot, two‐step synthesis of N‐aryl heterocycles from ammonia, ortho‐alkynylhalo(hetero)arenes and (hetero) aryl halides through tandem N‐arylation/hydroamination reactions. Although the scope in the NH‐containing coupling partner is broad, BippyPhos/[Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2 also displays a marked selectivity profile that was exploited in the chemoselective monoarylation of substrates featuring two chemically distinct NH‐containing moieties.
Asymmetric α‐Hydroxylation of Tetralone‐Derived β‐Ketoesters by Using a Guanidine–Urea Bifunctional Organocatalyst in the Presence of Cumene Hydroperoxide
Authors: Odagi Minami , Furukori Kota , Watanabe Tatsuya , Nagasawa Kazuo
Published: November 2013

Highly enantioselective catalytic oxidation of 1‐tetralone‐derived β‐keto esters was achieved by using a guanidine–urea bifunctional organocatalyst in the presence of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), a safe, commercially available oxidant. The α‐hydroxylation products were obtained in 99 % yield with up to 95 % enantiomeric excess (ee). The present oxidation was successfully applied to synthesize a key intermediate of the anti‐cancer agent daunorubicin (2).
ChemInform Abstract: A Polyoxometalate Containing Circular {P5W30} Units and Cubic {Cu4} Clusters.
Authors: Huang Ling , Cheng Lin , Wang Sa‐Sa , Fang Wei‐Hui , Yang Guo‐Yu
Published: November 2013

[Cu(en)2]4[Cu(H2O)3] {[(en)4Cu4(μ3‐OH)3 (μ‐H2O)] 2 (H5P5W30O110) 2}·12H2O is hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions of Cu(OAc)2 and K14NaP5W30O110 in the presence of 1,2‐diaminopropane and HClO4 (autoclave, 140 °C, 5 d, 41% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Mono‐N‐tosylated Diamine Ligands Based on (R)‐(+)‐Limonene and Their Application in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones and Imines.
Authors: Roszkowski Piotr , Maurin Jan K. , Czarnocki Zbigniew
Published: November 2013

Ruthenium catalysts (I) with chiral diamine ligands are successfully applied to the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones, imines, and iminium salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of Norbornanone Substituents on Both the Wagner—Meerwein Skeletal Rearrangements under Sulfonation Conditions and the Diastereoselectivity of the Corresponding N,N′‐Bis‐fumaroyl Sultams in Uncatalyzed Diels—Alder Cycloadditions to Cyclopenta‐1,3‐diene.
Authors: Piatek Anna , Chapuis Christian
Published: November 2013

The Wagner—Meerwein domino rearrangement of norbornane skeletons under sulfonation conditions is strongly influenced by the absence of a gem‐dimethyl moiety at C(7).
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of Oxindole Derivatives Bearing a 3‐Trifluoroethyl Group: Copper‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of Acryloanilides.
Authors: Egami Hiromichi , Shimizu Ryo , Sodeoka Mikiko
Published: November 2013

The combination of CuI and Togni′s reagent (II) affords oxindole derivatives bearing a 3‐trifluoroethyl group in high yields under mild conditions that are compatible with various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantiopure Fluorohydrins Using Alcohol Dehydrogenases at High Substrate Concentrations.
Authors: Borzecka Wioleta , Lavandera Ivan , Gotor Vicente
Published: November 2013

It is shown that different alcohol dehydrogenases can be used to synthesize both alcohol antipodes in an enantiopure form by reduction of α‐fluoro ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Reaction of Terminal Alkynes with (Diacetoxyiodo) Benzene: A Convenient, Efficient and Clean Preparation of α‐Acetoxy Ketones.
Authors: Deng Guisheng , Luo Jing
Published: November 2013

The title reaction proceeds with high chemoselectivity and under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Ylide Hydrolysis in Tandem Reactions: A Highly Z/E‐Selective Access to 3‐Alkylidene Dihydrobenzofurans and Related Analogues.
Authors: Zhu Jian‐Bo , Wang Peng , Liao Saihu , Tang Yong
Published: November 2013

Noteworthy, the reactions leading to dihydrofuran (IVb) and dihydrothiophene (VI) show an opposite Z/E selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activities of Novel Hybrid 2‐Phenyl‐3‐alkylbenzofuran and Imidazole/Triazole Compounds.
Authors: Chen Wen , Deng Xiao‐Yan , Li Yan , Yang Li‐Juan , Wan Wei‐Chao , Wang Xue‐Quan , Zhang Hong‐Bin , Yang Xiao‐Dong
Published: November 2013

Among the compound synthesized, hybrid compound (Va) is found to be the most potent one against five strains of human tumor cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Method for the Synthesis of 1‐Vinylindole
Authors: Shmidt E. Yu. , Protsuk N. I. , Vasil'tsov A. M. , Ivanov A. V. , Mikhaleva A. I. , Trofimov B. A.
Published: November 2013

based on the vinylation of indole by acetylene in the superbase system KOH‐DMSO
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Styrylbenzoxazole Derivatives by the Reaction of Styrylphenolic Schiff Bases with Thianthrene Cation Radical.
Authors: Park Hee Jung , Park Myeong Soon , Lee Tae Hee , Park Koon Ha
Published: November 2013

The products are obtained in much lower yields in the absence of 2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylpyridine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Fungicidal Activities of Some 2‐Substituted Arylamino‐5‐(2′‐furyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolo[3,2‐c]thiazoles and 5‐Substituted Aryl‐2‐substituted Arylamino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolo[3,2‐c]thiazoles.
Authors: Tiwari Shailendra , Nizamuddin Nizamuddin
Published: November 2013

12 Title compounds of type (VI) are prepared and screened for their antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and H+/K+‐ATPase Inhibitory Activity of Novel Triazolyl Substituted Tetrahydrobenzofuran Derivatives via One‐Pot Three‐Component Click Reaction.
Authors: Fang Hubiao , Jin Lei , Huang Nianyu , Wang Junzhi , Zou Kun , Luo Zaigang
Published: November 2013

A CuI‐catalyzed three‐component alkyne‐azide cycloaddition in the presence of an excess of secondary amine is used for the synthesis of triazolyl‐substituted tetrahydrobenzofuran derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some New N1‐ [4‐(4‐Chlorophenylsulfonyl)benzoyl] ‐N4‐(aryl)‐thiosemicarbazides and Products of Their Cyclization.
Authors: Barbuceanu Stefania‐Felicia , Bancescu Gabriela , Saramet Gabriel , Barbuceanu Florica , Draghici Constantin , Radulescu Flavian Stefan , Ionescu Aura , Negres Simona
Published: November 2013

All compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and analgesic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6‐cis‐Substituted Tetrahydropyrans Using a One‐Pot Sequential Catalysis.
Authors: Dai Qipu , Rana Nirmal K. , Zhao John Cong‐Gui
Published: November 2013

The title synthesis is achieved through a one‐pot Henry‐ and oxa‐Michael reaction sequence using Wan′s ligand as chiral catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity of Reactions of Isomeric Aminopyridine N‐Oxides with Chloronitropyridines: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Authors: Wolinska Ewa , Pucko Wieslaw
Published: November 2013

The regioselectivity of the reaction is dictated by the position of an amino substituent in the pyridine N‐oxide ring.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Methoxy‐4‐(2‐morpholinoethyl)‐3,3‐diphenylpyrrolidin‐2‐one
Authors: Krasikovs A. , Ozola V.
Published: November 2013

as a potent doxapram analogue
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Azocompounds and Fused Pyrazolo[5,1‐c][1,2,4]triazines Using Heterocyclic Components.
Authors: Ledenyova Irina V. , Didenko Vitaly V. , Shestakov Alexander S. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S.
Published: November 2013

All products are purified by either recrystallization or simple washing.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Oxidative Lactonization of Carbohydrates Using Molecular Iodine.
Authors: Fusaro Maxime B. , Chagnault Vincent , Josse Solen , Postel Denis
Published: November 2013

An operationally simple protocol is developed for the oxidation of lactols to lactones by molecular iodine.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitory Constituents of the Heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera on Nitric Oxide Production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.
Authors: Hwang Bang Yeon , et al. et al.
Published: November 2013

New isoflavones (I), along with 25 known compounds, are isolated from title plant.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Phenanthrenes from Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino
Authors: Liu Liang , Li Jun , Zeng Ke‐Wu , Li Ping , Tu Peng‐Fei
Published: November 2013

isolation and structure elucidation of three new phenanthrenes possessing potent cytotoxic activities against several cancer cell lines
ChemInform Abstract: Extraordinary Magnetoresistance in Semiconductor/Metal Hybrids: A Review
Authors: Sun Jian , Kosel Jurgen
Published: November 2013

Review: 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gallium Nitride as a Material for Spintronics
Authors: Khludkov S. S. , Prudaev I. A. , Tolbanov O. P.
Published: November 2013

Review: 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Terminal Oxo and Imido Transition‐Metal Complexes of Groups 9—11
Authors: Ray Kallol , Heims Florian , Pfaff Florian Felix
Published: November 2013

Review: 188 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Interesting Synthetic Pathway to Some Quinolin‐4(1H)ones: Phenacylanthranilates Rearrangement ‐ Limits and Scopes
Authors: Soural Miroslav , Hradil Pavel , Krupkova Sona , Hlavac Jan
Published: November 2013

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oximes of Seven‐Membered Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Two Heteroatoms
Authors: Abele E.
Published: November 2013

Review: synthesis, structure, and biological activity of diazepane, oxazepane and thiaepane oximes; 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conjugate Addition Approach for Natural Product Synthesis Inspired by Gibberellin and Solanoeclepin A Targets
Authors: Isobe Minoru
Published: November 2013

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Impact of the Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction in Total Synthesis
Authors: Kan S. B. Jennifer , Ng Kenneth K.‐H. , Paterson Ian
Published: November 2013

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Compton Scattering: A Reliable Probe to Investigate Magnetic Properties
Authors: Ahuja B. L.
Published: November 2013

Review: 8 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 125 Years of Liquid Crystals — A Scientific Revolution in the Home
Authors: Geelhaar Thomas , Griesar Klaus , Reckmann Bernd
Published: November 2013

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The TV in Your Pocket: Development of Liquid‐Crystal Materials for the New Millennium
Authors: Bremer Matthias , Kirsch Peer , Klasen‐Memmer Melanie , Tarumi Kazuaki
Published: November 2013

Review: 106 refs.
Thermal Treatment of Sewage Sludge in the Czech Republic and Experimental Determination of Emissions Resulting from the Incineration
Authors: Elsäßer Thomas , Pohorelý Michael , Jecha David , Puncochár Miroslav , Stehlík Petr
Published: November 2013

Die unterschiedlichen Strategien europäischer Länder im Bereich der Klärschlammentsorgung führen zu Abweichungen in den Entsorgungspfaden. Die in Deutschland verbreitete thermische Behandlung von Klärschlamm wird in der Tschechischen Republik bisher selten angewandt. Hier werden, basierend auf experimenteller Arbeit, das Emissionsverhalten ausgewählter Schadstoffe aus der Klärschlammverbrennung und die Auswirkung der Kalksteinzugabe auf die Menge produzierter Schadstoffe untersucht.
TEMPO‐Mediated Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes under Visible Light and Air
Authors: Liu Dongwang , Zhou Hongxia , Gu Xiangyong , Shen Xiaoqin , Li Pixu
Published: November 2013

A homogeneous visible light photoredox TEMPO‐mediated selective oxidation of primary alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds was developed using molecular oxygen from air as the terminal oxidant. Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 (bpy: bipyridyl) and Ir(dtb‐bpy)(ppy)2(PF6) (dtb‐bpy: 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl; ppy: 2‐phenylpyridine) were used as the sensitizers.
Remediation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Landfill Leachates by Electrocoagulation
Authors: Zhang Chunhui , Peng Yi , Ning Ke , Niu Xiameng , Tan Shuhui , Su Peidong
Published: November 2013

A process for the determination of anaerobic‐oxic biologically treated perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in leachates from a landfill in Beijing, China, is provided. The applicability of electrocoagulation (EC) with aluminum electrodes for the remediation of PFASs in landfill leachates is investigated in detailed. With reaction time of 45 min, plate distance of 1 cm, current density of 35 mA/cm2 and plate amounts of four pairs, the EC reactor achieved the optimal removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand and PFASs. Perfluorooctane sulfonate was not detected in the treated leachates after the EC treatment. The average removal efficiencies of perfluorohexanoic acid, perfluoroheptanoic acid, perfluorooctanoate acid, perfluorononanoic acid and perfluorodecanoic acid were 65.1, 58.5, 75.2, and 33.8%, respectively. However, perfluoroundecanoic acid and perfluorododecanoic acid concentration increased by about 20.2 and 18.6% after the EC treatment process.
Epstein‐Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) protein induction of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Wang Lu , Tian Wen‐Dong , Xu Xia , Nie Biao , Lu Juan , Liu Xiong , Zhang Bao , Dong Qi , Sunwoo John B. , Li Gang , Li Xiang‐Ping
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUND

The Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded EB nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) protein is required for maintenance and transmission of the viral episome in EBV‐infected cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of EBNA1 protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

METHODS

Tissue samples from 48 patients with NPC and 12 patients with chronic nasopharyngitis were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of EBNA1 expression. EBNA1 combinational DNA was used to overexpress EBNA1 protein in NPC cell lines to assess tumor cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), colony formation, migration and invasion, and gene expression.

RESULTS

EBNA1 protein was highly expressed in NPC tissue specimens, and its expression was associated with NPC lymph node metastasis. EBNA1 expression affected NPC cell morphology and the expression of EMT markers in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of EBNA1 inhibited the expression of microRNA 200a (miR‐200a) and miR‐200b and, in turn, up‐regulated expression of their target genes, zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 ( ZEB1) and ZEB2, which are well known mediators of EMT. In addition, EBNA1‐regulated miR‐200a and miR‐200b expression was mediated by transforming growth factor‐β1.

CONCLUSIONS

The current findings provided novel insight into the vital role of EBNA1 in manipulating a molecular switch of EMT in EBV‐positive NPC cells. Cancer 2014;120:363–372. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Double Photoinduced Jahn–Teller Distortion of Tetrahedral AuISnII Complexes
Authors: Vilma Bojan R. , López‐de‐Luzuriaga José M. , Monge Miguel , Elena Olmos M. , Echeverría Raquel , Lehtonen Olli , Sundholm Dage
Published: November 2013

Tetrahedral AuI complexes [L3Au(SnCl3)] (L=PMe3 (1), PMe2Ph (2), PMePh2 (3), and PPh3 (4)) were prepared by treatment of the [(tht)Au(SnCl3)] (tht=tetrahydrothiophene) complex with three equivalents of the corresponding tertiary phosphine. The crystal structures of complexes 1–4 have been determined through X‐ray diffraction studies showing, in all cases, [SnCl3]− fragments covalently bonded to the corresponding [Au(PR3)3]+ units, which leads to a tetrahedral coordination environment for gold. Complexes 3 and 4 show phosphorescence in the solid state at room temperature and 77 K that is largely redshifted relative to the free [Au(PR3)3]+ and [SnCl3]− counterparts. Correlated MP2, SCS‐MP2, and ONIOM MP2/UFF calculations suggest a largely distorted lower triplet excited state (T1) for each model system. The AuP3+ moiety is distorted leading to a T‐shape, whereas the SnCl3− unit is left almost unaltered. Molecular orbital and population analysis suggest that the emission of these tetrahedral AuI complexes arises from a 3MC transition slightly perturbed by the SnCl3− fragment.
Solvothermal synthesis and good electrochemical property of pinetree like Bi2S3
Authors: Jin Rencheng , Liu Junshen , Li Guihua , Yang Lixia
Published: November 2013

Hierarchical pinetree like Bi2S3 was synthesized through a facile solvothermal route in the mixture of deionized water and tetrahydrofuran. The phase composition, morphology, and structure of the as‐prepared Bi2S3 products were characterized by using various techniques including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the pinetree like Bi2S3 structures were composed of numerous assembled nanosheets, which had uniform morphology with the mean width and length of about 110 nm and 15 μm, respectively. Furthermore, the electrochemical property of the obtained pinetree like Bi2S3 was investigated. The pinetree like Bi2S3 presented both the high electrochemical hydrogen storage and electrochemical Li intercalation performance.
Nutrient release characteristics from droppings of grass‐foraging waterfowl (Anser brachyrhynchus) roosting in aquatic habitats
Authors: Liu Yuhong , Hefting Mariet M. , Verhoeven Jos T. A. , Klaassen Marcel
Published: November 2013

In recent decades, notably in large parts of the Western World, many waterfowl populations have increased because of increased food availability. Not uncommonly, eutrophication in these areas may occur perhaps not only because of increased dropping loads but also because nutrients are more readily released from droppings than from fresh and decomposing plant material. We conducted an experiment to study this effect comparing the decay rate and nutrient release of fresh grass leaves with that of droppings in water at 10, 20 and 30 °C. Using a two‐component exponential decay model, allowing distinguishing between an easily decomposable (labile) and recalcitrant fraction of the material, we found that the labile carbon (C) fraction of droppings decomposed faster than that of grass leaves, whereas the recalcitrant C decomposition rate was similar to that of grass leaves. Higher temperature increased C decomposition rates of the labile fractions. No temperature dependence was observed for the recalcitrant fractions. Surprisingly, grass leaves and droppings did not differ in the amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) released in the first 90 days, i.e. more than 60% of N and 40% of P were released into the water column. Continuous mineralization of N and P predominated during decomposition of grass leaves, whereas a massive initial leaching was followed by immobilization and later mineralization during decomposition of droppings. All differences during decomposition of the litter types were attributed to the stoichiometric requirement of decomposers and their temperature sensitivity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lanthanide Borohydrido Complexes Supported by ansa‐Bis(amidinato) Ligands with a Rigid o‐Phenylene Linker: Effect of Ligand Tailoring on Catalytic Lactide Polymerization
Authors: Tolpygin Aleksei O. , Skvortsov Grigorii G. , Cherkasov Anton V. , Fukin Georgy K. , Glukhova Tatyana A. , Trifonov Alexander A.
Published: November 2013

A series of lanthanide monoborohydrido complexes {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(R)NR′]2}Ln(BH4)(L)n (Ln = Y, Nd, Sm; R = tBu, Ph; R′ = 2,6‐Me2C6H3, SiMe3; L = dme = dimethoxyethane, n = 1; L = thf, n = 2), in which lanthanides are coordinated by bulky ansa‐bis(amidinato) ligand systems with a conformationally rigid o‐phenylene linker ({C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(R)NR′]2}2–), were synthesized by the salt metathesis reactions of equimolar amounts of Ln(BH4)3(thf)3 and {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(R)NR′]2}X2(thf)n (X = Li, Na) in thf. X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that the complexes are monomeric. Depending on the denticity of the donor ligand (L = dme or thf), the terminal borohydrido ligand coordinated to the metal ion can be located in either an equatorial (L = thf) or an apical (L = dme) position. All complexes are efficient catalysts for the ring‐opening polymerization of rac‐lactide, which allows to convert up to 1000 equiv. of monomer into a polymer at room temperature within 10–150 min and affords atactic polylactides with high molecular weights and moderate molecular‐weight distributions (1.28–2.16). Yttrium–borohydrido complexes coordinated by the {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐Me2C6H3)]2}2– ligand system showed enhanced catalytic activity compared to that of the analogue complexes containing the {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(Ph)NSiMe3]2}2– ligand. The obtained borohydrido complexes catalyze the hydrophosphonylation of benzaldehyde at room temperature with good reaction rates.
CE analysis of single wood cells performing hydrolysis and preconcentration in open microchannels
Authors: Rokhas Maria Khihon , Mikkonen Saara , Beyer Juliane , Jacksén Johan , Emmer Åsa
Published: November 2013

In the present work, monosaccharides from pulp samples and single wood fibers were analyzed with CE, using indirect detection due to the lack of chromophores on the monosaccharides. The hydrolysis degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into monosaccharides was performed using TFA, either in bulk scale or in microscale. In the microscale, one single wood fiber was hydrolyzed in an open microchannel manufactured on a silicon microchip with the dimensions 50 μm × 50 μm (length 1 or 3 cm). The low monosaccharide amounts derived from a single fiber implied that a preconcentration step was necessary to increase the detectability. Thus, an electromigration preconcentration of the hydrolyzed samples was performed within the microchannel, which resulted in a significantly enhanced signal intensity of the monosaccharides. In addition to the experimental study, computer simulations were performed regarding the preconcentration step of monosaccharides. The results from these simulations correlated well with the experimental results.
Efficient capillary electrophoresis separation and determination of free amino acids in beer samples
Authors: Tian Miaomiao , Zhang Junfu , Mohamed Amara Camara , Han Yingzi , Guo Liping , Yang Li
Published: November 2013

Simultaneous detection of various o‐phthalaldehyde (OPA)‐labeled amino acids (AAs) in food samples was reported based on CE separation. Ionic liquid was used for the first time for CE analysis of AAs with in‐capillary derivatization. Several other additives, including SDS, α/β‐CD, and ACN, as well as key parameters for CE separation (buffer pH value, separation voltage), were also investigated. Our results show that the multiple additive strategy exhibits good stable and repeatable character for CE analysis of OPA‐labeled AAs, for either in‐capillary derivatization or CE separation, and allows simultaneous quantification of different OPA‐labeled AAs in a large concentration range of 50 μM to 3.0 mM with LOD down to 10 μM. Seventeen OPA‐labeled AAs, except for two pairs of AAs (His/Gln and Phe/Leu), which were separated with resolutions of 1.1 and 1.2, respectively, were baseline separated and identified within 23 min using the present multiple additive strategy. The method was successfully applied for simultaneous analysis of AAs in seven beer samples and as many as eleven trace‐amount AAs were detected and quantified, indicating the valuable potential application of the present method for food analysis.