bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Olaparib as maintenance treatment following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in patients (pts) with a germline BRCA mutation and metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC): Phase III POLO trial.
Authors: Kindler Hedy L. , Hammel Pascal , Reni Michele , Van Cutsem Eric , Mercade Teresa Macarulla , Hall Michael J. , Park Joon Oh , Hochhauser Daniel , Arnold Dirk , Oh Do-Youn , Reinacher-Schick Anke C. , Tortora Giampaolo , Algül Hana , O'Reilly Eileen Mary , McGuinness David , Cui Karen , Schlienger Katia , Locker Gershon Y. , Golan Talia
Published: June 2019

LBA4

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) pts with a germline BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation (gBRCAm) have shown response to the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Kaufman 2015). POLO is the first phase III trial to evaluate efficacy of maintenance treatment with a PARP inhibitor in PC. Methods: POLO is an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pts with a gBRCAm and pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had received ≥16 weeks of first-line PBC for metastatic disease without progression. Pts were randomized 3:2 to maintenance olaparib (O) tablets (300 mg bid) or placebo (P). Treatment began 4–8 weeks after last PBC dose, continuing until investigator-assessed progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (modified RECIST 1.1). Results: We screened 3315 pts, identified 247 with a gBRCAm, randomized 154 (O 92, P 62), and treated 151 (O 90, P 61). Pt characteristics (O/P): age, median (range) 57 (37–84)/57 (36–75); male, 58%/50%; ECOG performance status 0, 71%/61%. With 104 events, PFS was significantly improved with O vs. P (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53; 95% CI 0.35, 0.82; p = 0.0038; median PFS was 7.4 vs. 3.8 months [mo], respectively) and consistent irrespective of response to prior PBC (complete/partial HR 0.62; stable disease HR 0.50). From 6 mo, the % of pts progression-free in the O arm was more than twice that in the P arm (Table). At the interim overall survival analysis (46% maturity), HR was 0.91 (95% CI 0.56, 1.46; p = 0.68). Grade ≥3 adverse events (AE) occurred in 40% of O- and 23% of P-treated pts; 5.5% and 1.7% of pts, respectively, discontinued treatment due to an AE. Conclusions: Maintenance olaparib provided a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS in mPC pts with a gBRCAm who had not progressed on PBC. Safety was consistent with the known profile for olaparib. POLO is the first phase III trial to validate a biomarker-driven treatment in PC. Clinical trial information: NCT02184195. [Table: see text]
EV-201: Results of enfortumab vedotin monotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer previously treated with platinum and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Authors: Petrylak Daniel Peter , Balar Arjun Vasant , O'Donnell Peter H. , McGregor Bradley Alexander , Heath Elisabeth I. , Yu Evan Y. , Galsky Matt D. , Hahn Noah M. , Gartner Elaina M , Pinelli Juan , Melhem-Bertrandt Amal , Rosenberg Jonathan E.
Published: June 2019

4505

Background: Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC) remains a lethal disease with limited treatment options for patients (pts) who progress on or after platinum and/or checkpoint inhibitor (CPI). Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting Nectin-4, which is highly expressed in UC. EV-201 is a pivotal, single-arm, two-cohort study of EV in la/mUC patients with prior CPI and platinum-containing chemotherapy (Cohort 1) or a CPI and no prior chemotherapy (Cohort 2). Here, we present preliminary data from Cohort 1. Methods: Pts in this open-label, multicenter study received 1.25 mg/kg EV on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was confirmed ORR per RECIST 1.1 by blinded independent central review. Secondary endpoints are duration of response, PFS, OS, safety/tolerability. Results: Between Oct 2017 and Jul 2018, EV-201 enrolled 128 pts in Cohort 1 (la/mUC pts previously treated with platinum and a CPI), 125 of whom were treated with EV (70% male; median age 69 y [range 40–84 y]; 34% upper tract; a median of 2 prior systemic therapies). As of 03 Jan 2019, the confirmed ORR was 42% (95% CI: 33.6%–51.6%), with 9% CR. The ORR in CPI non-responders was 38% (95% CI: 27.3%–49.2%), and 36% (95% CI: 22.9%–50.8%) in pts with liver metastases (LM). Most common treatment-related AEs, as determined by investigators, included fatigue (50%), alopecia (48%), and decreased appetite (41%). Treatment-related AEs of interest include any rash (48% all grade, 11% ≥ G3) and any peripheral neuropathy (50% all grade, 3% ≥ G3). One death was reported as treatment related by the investigator (interstitial lung disease), but was confounded by a suspected pulmonary infection. Conclusions: Preliminary results from this EV pivotal study demonstrated a clinically meaningful ORR, consistent with the phase 1 trial, in la/mUC pts with prior platinum and CPI, including LM pts, where there is a high unmet need. EV was well tolerated with a manageable safety profile in these pts. Updated data, including duration of response, PFS, and OS will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT03219333.
Five-year long-term overall survival for patients with advanced NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab: Results from KEYNOTE-001.
Authors: Garon Edward B. , Hellmann Matthew David , Carcereny Costa Enric , Leighl Natasha B. , Ahn Myung-Ju , Eder Joseph Paul , Balmanoukian Ani Sarkis , Aggarwal Charu , Horn Leora , Patnaik Amita , Gubens Matthew A. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Felip Enriqueta , Scalzo Cathie , Jensen Erin , Kush Debra A. , Hui Rina
Published: June 2019

LBA9015

Background: Pembrolizumab (pembro) monotherapy has demonstrated durable antitumor activity in advanced PD-L1–expressing NSCLC. We present 5-y OS for patients (pts) enrolled in the phase 1b KEYNOTE-001 study (NCT01295827), the first trial evaluating pembro in advanced NSCLC. These data provide the longest efficacy/safety follow-up for NSCLC pts treated with pembro. Methods: Pts had confirmed locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC and provided a contemporaneous tumor sample for PD-L1 evaluation by IHC using the 22C3 antibody. Pts received pembro 2 mg/kg Q3W or 10 mg/kg Q2W or Q3W. The primary efficacy endpoint was ORR. OS was a secondary endpoint. Results: 550 pts were enrolled (treatment-naive, n=101; previously treated, n=449). As of November 5, 2018 (data cutoff), median (range) follow-up was 60.6 (51.8–77.9) mo; 82% (n=450/550) had died. Estimated 5-y OS rates were 23.2% for treatment-naive pts and 15.5% for previously treated pts (Table). ORR (by investigator per irRC) was 42% (95% CI, 32–52) for treatment-naive pts and 23% (95% CI, 19–27) for previously treated pts. Median (range) DOR was 16.8 (2.1+ to 55.7+) mo and 38.9 (1.0+ to 71.8+) mo, respectively. Immune-mediated AEs had occurred in 17% of pts at 5 y, similar to the incidence reported at 3-y follow-up. Additional results, including outcomes in key subgroups and detailed safety follow-up data, will be presented. Conclusions: In KEYNOTE-001, 5-y OS rate was 23.2% in treatment-naive pts and 15.5% in previously treated pts with advanced NSCLC treated with pembro, compared to a historical rate of ~5% (per SEER 2008–2014), prior to the introduction of anti–PD-1 therapy. 5-y OS rate was at least 25% in pts with PD-L1 TPS ≥50% in both pt populations in KEYNOTE-001. Clinical trial information: NCT01295827. [Table: see text]
Neuropilin 1 mediates epicardial activation and revascularization in the regenerating zebrafish heart
Authors: Lowe Vanessa , Wisniewski Laura , Sayers Jacob , Evans Ian , Frankel Paul , Mercader-Huber Nadia , Zachary Ian C. , Pellet-Many Caroline
Published: June 2019

Unlike adult mammals, zebrafish can regenerate their heart. A key mechanism for regeneration is the activation of the epicardium, leading to the establishment of a supporting scaffold for new cardiomyocytes, angiogenesis and cytokine secretion. Neuropilins are co-receptors mediating signaling of kinase receptors for cytokines known to play critical roles in zebrafish heart regeneration. We investigated the role of neuropilins in response to cardiac injury and heart regeneration. All four neuropilin isoforms nrp1a, nrp1b, nrp2a and nrp2b were upregulated by the activated epicardium and a nrp1a knockout mutant showed a significant delay in heart regeneration and displayed persistent collagen deposition. The regenerating hearts of nrp1a mutants were less vascularized and epicardial-derived cell migration and re-expression of the developmental gene wt1b was impaired. Moreover, cryoinjury-induced activation and migration of epicardial cells in heart explants was reduced in nrp1a mutant. These results identify a key role for Nrp1 in zebrafish heart regeneration, mediated through epicardial activation, migration and revascularization.
Detecting the “gist” of breast cancer in mammograms three years before localized signs of cancer are visible
Authors: Evans Karla K. , Culpan Anne-Marie , Wolfe Jeremy M.
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

After a 500 ms presentation, experts can distinguish abnormal mammograms at above chance levels even when only the breast contralateral to the lesion is shown. Here, we show that this signal of abnormality is detectable 3 years before localized signs of cancer become visible.

Methods:

In 4 prospective studies, 59 expert observers from 3 groups viewed 116–200 bilateral mammograms for 500 ms each. Half of the images were prior exams acquired 3 years prior to onset of visible, actionable cancer and half were normal. Exp. 1D included cases having visible abnormalities. Observers rated likelihood of abnormality on a 0–100 scale and categorized breast density. Performance was measured using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results:

In all three groups, observers could detect abnormal images at above chance levels 3 years prior to visible signs of breast cancer (p < 0.001). The results were not due to specific salient cases nor to breast density. Performance was correlated with expertise quantified by the number of mammographic cases read within a year. In Exp. 1D, with cases having visible actionable pathology included, the full group of readers failed to reliably detect abnormal priors; with the exception of a subgroup of the six most experienced observers.

Conclusions:

Imaging specialists can detect signals of abnormality in mammograms acquired years before lesions become visible. Detection may depend on expertise acquired by reading large numbers of cases.

Advances in knowledge:

Global gist signal can serve as imaging risk factor with the potential to identify patients with elevated risk for developing cancer, resulting in improved early cancer diagnosis rates and improved prognosis for females with breast cancer.
Problematic Issues of Child’s Positive Socialization Within the Modern Family
Authors: Арнаутова Е. , Arnautova E. , Кондратьева Н. , Kondrat'eva N. , Рычагова Елена , Rychagova Elena
Published: June 2019

The article gives the problematic analysis of preschool children socialization based on the work experience of the Institute of Childhood as a subdivision element under the Moscow State Pedagogical University. Additionally, research emphasizes the parents’ support in various questions of children socialization inside the family, particularly those hinged on the interdisciplinary family assistance. Apart from questions, work underlines the crucial role of parents’ solidarity throughout the child upbringing; in addition, with the emotional sustainability of parents as well as leisure communication within the family. Furthermore, subject to the prevalence of families with one child, report illustrates the signifi cance of socially adopted game practice in the context of family relationship. Finally, article highlights the work of students volunteers.
Loss of Muscle Mass Induced by Aging
Authors: Pinzón Ríos, Ft, MSc Iván Darío
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The world population ages rapidly, understanding the anatomo-functional changes of the muscle allows the implementation of effective actions in this age group. The objective of this work was to identify, through a review of scientific literature, the current advances in the molecular processes related to the loss of muscle mass induced by aging. Materials and methods: The molecular causes of muscle mass loss induced by aging were reviewed through scientific articles from 2006 to 2016 on the Pubmed, Scielo and PEDro databases, combining the terms muscular aging, exercise and physical therapy. Results: Three sections were determined: 1) sarcopenia and aging, 2) molecular pathways of muscle mass loss induced by aging and 3) aging, exercise and functionality. Conclusion: Knowing the molecular basis of muscle mass loss induced by aging allows the physiotherapist to understand, evaluate and intervene related mechanisms to perform actions that improve the functionality and quality of life of older adults.
Análisis socioeconómico del consumo excesivo de alcohol en Ecuador
Authors: Meneses, MS Karla , Cisneros, PhD María Victoria , Braganza, Econ Milton Esteban
Published: June 2019

Introducción: el consumo excesivo de alcohol constituye un serio problema de salud pública en Ecuador y se posiciona como una de las principales causas de muerte en el país. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar si el nivel socioeconómico condiciona la probabilidad de que una persona se convierta en consumidor excesivo de alcohol. Materiales y métodos: se usa como fuente de información la Encuesta Ecuatoriana de Condiciones de Vida 2014. El método de estimación es un modelo logístico para determinar el efecto marginal que tiene el nivel socioeconómico en la probabilidad de que un individuo sea catalogado como consumidor excesivo de alcohol; el nivel socioeconómico se aproxima con el nivel de pobreza, situación laboral e instrucción. Resultados: se demuestra que las personas que se encuentran en una situación de pobreza, no culminaron sus estudios secundarios o superiores y están desempleados tienen, en promedio, una mayor probabilidad de caer en el consumo excesivo de alcohol; es decir, los hallazgos confirman que los factores que determinan un bajo nivel socioeconómico vulneran a los individuos a ser consumidores excesivos de alcohol. Además del factor económico, un individuo es más propenso consumir alcohol en exceso cuando es hombre, soltero, mayor de 65 años y habita en la zona urbana. Conclusión: el diseño de política para atender el consumo excesivo de alcohol como un problema de salud pública debe plantearse como ejes de atención aquellos determinantes fundamentales para tener una atención efectiva y que está estrechamente vinculada con los niveles socioeconómicos bajos.
Asociación entre fuerza de prensión y comorbilidades: Estudio Sabe, Ecuador, 2009
Authors: Borda, MD, MSc Miguel Germán , Pérez-Zepeda, MD, PhD Mario Ulises , Gómez-Arteaga, MD Camilo , Pardo-Amaya, MD Ana María , Chavarro-Carvajal, MD, MSc Diego , Cano-Gutiérrez, MD Carlos
Published: June 2019

Introducción: el aumento de enfermedades crónicas ha motivado la creación de métodos de evaluación del adulto mayor que permitan estimar su estado general de salud. Entre estos, se ha propuesto la fuerza de prensión. El objetivo de este estudio fue buscar la asociación entre el número de comorbilidades y la fuerza de prensión. Materiales y métodos: se analizaron los datos del estudio sabe Ecuador 2009, un estudio transversal que incluyó una muestra probabilística y representativa de 5235 adultos mayores de 60 años o más. La variable dependiente fue el desempeño en la fuerza de prensión y la sumatoria de comorbilidades, como la variable independiente. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística lineal para estimar asociaciones independientes. Resultados: de un total de 5235 personas, la media de la suma de comorbilidades fue 1.54 ± 1.36 y la media de la fuerza de prensión fue de 21.45 ± 9.37 kg. Se encontró una asociación negativa de la fuerza de prensión y la suma de comorbilidades, desde 0 comorbilidades -0.88, hasta más de 6 comorbilidades -3.52 (p < 0.05). Ninguna enfermedad por sí sola tuvo mayor asociación con la disminución de la fuerza muscular que el tener más de dos enfermedades concomitantes. Conclusiones: este estudio encontró una asociación lineal negativa entre la fuerza de prensión y la sumatoria de comorbilidades. Los resultados reportados abren la puerta para plantear nuevos estudios que permitan desarrollar herramientas de evaluación que beneficien a la población adulta mayor.
Selling Virtual Currency in Digital Games: Implications for Gameplay and Social Welfare
Authors: Guo Hong , Hao Lin , Mukhopadhyay Tridas , Sun Daewon
Published: June 2019

The sale of virtual currency has become an important revenue source in the digital gaming industry. This paper analyzes the impact of this business model on players’ gaming behavior, the game provider’s strategies for virtual currency price and ad level, and social welfare. Our findings have important managerial implications for the gaming industry and policy makers. We find that when the enabling-power rate of virtual currency (i.e., how much players benefit from enhanced gameplay due to virtual currency generated per unit of playing time) is stronger, players have lower incentive to purchase virtual currency. Therefore, the provider should set a lower price to avoid losing too much demand. In the meantime, the marginal benefit of playing the game increases, and thus the provider should set a higher ad level to take advantage of this boosted marginal benefit for players when the base valuation of gameplay is sufficiently low. Finally, we demonstrate that offering in-game purchases of virtual currency as a new business model benefits society as a whole. Our findings suggest that regulators of the gaming industry should be less concerned about the risk of excessive gameplay for games that sell virtual currency compared with those that do not.
Caring for people with multiple sclerosis who use cannabis for symptom control
Authors: Daly Laura , Gibson Caroline E. , Dewing Jan
Published: June 2019

Research suggests that a large proportion of people living with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are using cannabis to self-manage symptoms, or at least believe there are potential benefits in using this drug. Since community nurses are frontline caregivers, they are likely to encounter PwMS who use cannabis within the home setting. The literature base surrounding this topic is largely driven by quantitative research examining the effectiveness of cannabis as a medicine. This review found that qualitative research exploring the experiences of PwMS who use cannabis is lacking worldwide and is completely absent within UK nursing literature. PwMS using cannabis may not feel safe discussing this with health professionals, as they might fear being judged. This literature review discusses how people perceive the effectiveness of cannabis in helping symptoms associated with MS, while also considering the stigma and legal concerns people face. This review may help community nurses inform their practice and enhance person-centred relationships between them and PwMS.
Understanding and addressing dryness during wound healing
Authors: Lumbers Melanie
Published: June 2019

Timely wound healing supports positive outcomes for both the patient and the clinician. The cause of a non-healing wound needs both identifying and addressing. A dry wound bed will result in a lengthy healing process, impacting both the patient and the clinician, physically and financially. It is imperative to correctly identify the cause of a non-healing wound and address the causative factors using evidence-based best practice.

A non-healing wound may be attributed to various factors, such as inappropriate dressing, lack of hydration, medication or underlying medical disease. Identification of the cause will support the most appropriate management choice. In order to explain the issues of a dry wound, it is imperative that the clinician first has an understanding of the concept of moist wound healing.
Estimating the health-care costs of wound care in Ireland
Authors: Gillespie Paddy , Carter Laura , McIntosh Caroline , Gethin Georgina
Published: June 2019

Objective:

To estimate the cost of wound care to the Irish health-care system.

Methods:

A bottom-up, prevalence-based analysis was undertaken using a decision analytic model to estimate costs. Health-care resource activity was identified from a recently published study from the UK and was valued using unit cost data for Ireland.

Results:

The base case analysis estimated the total annual healthcare cost of wound care to be €629,064,198 (95% Confidence interval (CI): €452,673,358 to €844,087,124), accounting for 5% (95% CI: 3% to 6%) of total public health expenditure in Ireland in 2013. The average cost per patient was €3,941 (95% CI: €2,836 to €5,287). However, this study is subject to many limitations and plausible changes in the model's inputs showed that the total annual health-care cost of wound care could range from €281,438,970 to €844,316,912.

Conclusion:

Caring for wounds places a substantial burden on the Irish health-care system. In light of growing pressures to finance an already resource-constrained health-care system, these results provide useful information for those charged with future wound care service design and provision in Ireland and elsewhere.
Real-time bacterial fluorescence imaging accurately identifies wounds with moderate-to-heavy bacterial burden
Authors: Serena Thomas E. , Harrell Khristina , Serena Laura , Yaakov Raphael A.
Published: June 2019

Objective:

Clinical evaluation of signs and symptoms (CSS) of infection is imperative to the diagnostic process. However, patients with heavily colonised and infected wounds are often asymptomatic, leading to poor diagnostic accuracy. Point-of-care fluorescence imaging rapidly provides information on the presence and location of bacteria. This clinical trial (#NCT03540004) aimed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy when bacterial fluorescence imaging was used in combination with CSS for identifying wounds with moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads.

Methods:

Wounds were assessed by study clinicians using NERDS and STONEES CSS criteria to determine the presence or absence of moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads, after which the clinician prescribed and reported a detailed treatment plan. Only then were fluorescence images of the wound acquired, bacterial fluorescence determined to be present or absent and treatment plan adjusted if necessary.

Results:

We examined 17 VLUs/2 DFUs. Compared with CSS alone, use of bacterial fluorescence imaging in combination with CSS significantly improved sensitivity (22% versus 72%) and accuracy (26% versus 74%) for identifying wounds with moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads (≥104 CFU/g, p=0.002). Clinicians reported added value of fluorescence images in >90% of study wounds, including identification of wounds incorrectly diagnosed by CSS (47% of study wounds) and treatment plan modifications guided by fluorescence (73% of study wounds). Modifications included image-guided cleaning, treatment selection, debridement and antimicrobial stewardship.

Conclusion:

Findings from this pilot study suggest that when used in combination with CSS, bacterial fluorescence may: (1) improve the diagnostic accuracy of identifying patients with wounds containing moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads and (2) guide more timely and appropriate treatment decisions at the point-of-care.
Pancreatitis: TIGAR-O Version 2 Risk/Etiology Checklist With Topic Reviews, Updates, and Use Primers
Authors: Whitcomb David C. ,   for the North American Pancreatitis Study Group
Published: June 2019

The Toxic-metabolic, Idiopathic, Genetic, Autoimmune, Recurrent and severe acute pancreatitis and Obstructive (TIGAR-O) Pancreatitis Risk/Etiology Checklist (TIGAR-O_V1) is a broad classification system that lists the major risk factors and etiologies of recurrent acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and overlapping pancreatic disorders with or without genetic, immunologic, metabolic, nutritional, neurologic, metaplastic, or other features. New discoveries and progressive concepts since the 2001 TIGAR-O list relevant to understanding and managing complex pancreatic disorders require an update to TIGAR-O_V2 with both a short (S) and long (L) form. The revised system is designed as a hierarchical checklist for health care workers to quickly document and track specific factors that, alone or in combinations, may contribute to progressive pancreatic disease in individual patients or groups of patients and to assist in treatment selection. The rationale and key clinical considerations are summarized for each updated classification item. Familiarity with the structured format speeds up the completion process and supports thoroughness and consideration of complex or alternative diagnoses during evaluation and serves as a framework for communication. The structured approach also facilitates the new health information technologies that required high-quality data for accurate precision medicine. A use primer accompanies the TIGAR-O_V2 checklist with rationale and comments for health care workers and industries caring for patients with pancreatic diseases.
Rozbujać małe miasteczka: aktywistki Czarnych Protestów w Polsce
Authors: Muszel Magdalena , Piotrowski Grzegorz
Published: June 2019

Jak to jest być aktywistką w małym lub prowincjonalnym miasteczku? Czy wyzwania strukturalne, które stoją przed aktywistkami z małych miast, są jakie same jak ich odpowiedniki z dużych miast, które zwykle są studiowane i opisywane w literaturze naukowej? Jeśli środowisko jest inne, to czy małomiasteczkowi aktywiści i aktywistki podejmują inne praktyki, aby poradzić sobie z wyzwaniami wynikającymi z różnych kontekstów, w których działają? W artykule staramy się odpowiedzieć na niektóre z tych pytań, przyglądając się organizatorkom Czarnych Protestów z 2016 roku i późniejszego okresu w prowincjonalnych miastach Polski. Protesty te, zorganizowane w celu przeciwstawienia się planowanym zmianom w już i tak represyjnej ustawie antyaborcyjnej, nie tylko zaskoczyły wszystkich swoją skalą i intensywnością, ale także zasięgiem, ponieważ większość protestów miała miejsce w małych i prowincjonalnych miastach w Polsce. Artykuł ten ma na celu wypełnienie luki w literaturze dotyczącej ruchów społecznych między analizą aktywizmu w dużych miastach (na których buduje się większość teorii) a aktywizmem na wsi.
Precarious Locations: Feminist Co-optation and Strategies of Resistance in the Neoliberal Age
Authors: Ana Alexandra
Published: June 2019

Gdy kobiety zyskały możliwość wpływania na politykę za pośrednictwem oficjalnych kanałów, postulaty feministek dotyczące sprawiedliwości społecznej zaczęto realizować w Rumunii poprzez zinstytucjonalizowane formy interwencji politycznej. Instytucjonalizację i profesjonalizację ruchu feministycznego powszechnie kojarzono z feministycznymi i kobiecymi organizacjami pozarządowymi współpracującymi z rządowymi organami do spraw równości płci w celu realizacji postulatów ruchu i osiągnięcia sukcesu w sferze polityki. Podczas gdy niektórzy badacze zawracali uwagę na korzyści płynące z przenikania idei i praktyk feministycznych do struktury państwa, inni uważali, że organizacje pozarządowe czynią ruch feministyczny podatnym na kooptację, przyczyniając się do jego demobilizacji i odpolitycznienia. Koncepcja kooptacji odzwierciedla dylematy, przed którymi stoją współczesne ruchy feministyczne. Dylematy te dotyczą przesuwania celów ruchu, które mogą być dostosowane do innych priorytetów i programów – czasami działając na niekorzyść ruchu i w sprzeczności z pierwotnymi celami, szczególnie gdy staną się częścią oficjalnych kanałów politycznych. Zależność feministycznych grup i organizacji pozarządowych od funduszy państwowych lub prywatnych jest również powiązana z kooptacją ruchu. Jak budować ruch na krytycznych analizach koncepcji kooptacji bez jednoczesnego kwestionowania wagi działań i wysiłków aktywistów feministycznych i organizacji pozarządowych jako legitymizujących programy polityczne państwowych lub prywatnych darczyńców? Badanie to ma na celu, po pierwsze, wyjaśnienie napięć powstałych w wyniku kooptacji i związanych z dylematem bycia wewnątrz/na zewnątrz, przed którym stoi współczesny ruch feministyczny. Po drugie, celem autorki artykułu jest zbadanie strategii przeciwstawienia się lub zarządzania kooptacją opracowanych przez ruch feministyczny. Do analizy procesu kooptacji, a zwłaszcza wywoływanych przez ów proces napięć i powstałych wopozycji do niego strategii oporu, w tekście wykorzystano literaturę NGO-izacji i przedstawiono empiryczne dowody pochodzące z badań nad rumuńskim ruchem feministycznym.
The conservation of medieval manuscript illuminations: A chemical perspective
Authors: Melo Maria J. , Nabais Paula , Araújo Rita , Vitorino Tatiana
Published: June 2019

Illuminated manuscripts are the most abundant and well-preserved surviving medieval cultural artefacts. Created to contain sacred texts, their visual structure allows the reader to identify divisions and delight in their beautiful ornamentation and iconography. Western European manuscripts were written on parchment, which was the main writing support in the Middle Ages prior to the rise of paper production in the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries. Highly functional, durable animal skins were also used in medieval bookbinding (covers) and have been crucial in the preservation of the illuminations. These illuminations make wonderful use of form and colour. This chapter focuses on recent advances in the molecular characterization of these colours, used in medieval manuscripts produced by Western Europeans, and the challenges inherent in analysing materials that are intrinsically heterogeneous. We then discuss how molecular characterization may reveal conservation conditions and extend our analysis to parchment and iron gall inks. Finally, we address the challenges and possibilities for this flourishing field of research.

In short, we show in this chapter how analytical methods are used:

– To understand how medieval illumination colours were made and what palette defines them;

– To predict original colours and to understand why certain colours have remained in excellent condition, preserving both adherence and luminosity, while others have changed over the centuries;

– To assess deterioration (paints, parchment, writing inks) with the goal of determining what potential restoration measures could be taken, after careful consideration.
Cognitive neural mechanism of sports competition pressure source
Authors: Zhou Yucheng , Zhou Feifei
Published: June 2019

At sports events, the athletes by the pressure source is varied, based on the stress status of athletes, many athletes stress related experts at home and abroad to design questionnaire, questionnaire and sports events for athletes with often life process of in-depth and meticulous investigation, has formed the one whole set athletes pressure source of cognitive neuroscience assessment system, sports competition for athlete’s "escort". By participating in state general administration of sports scientific research project " management system of athlete competition pressure cognitive neuroscience" the development of using psychological pressure on athletes’ source data, the application of natural language processing and machine learning technology research these data, mainly using clustering algorithm and recommendation algorithm, thus forming pressure source research results are applied in sports competitions.
A Review of the Current Literature on the Utility of the Functional Movement Screen as a Screening Tool to Identify Athletes' Risk for Injury
Authors: Monaco Jerry-Thomas , Schoenfeld Brad J.
Published: June 2019

THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN (FMS) IS A POPULAR MOVEMENT SCREENING TOOL USED BY REHABILITATION PROFESSIONALS AND STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING SPECIALISTS, OFTEN FOR THE PURPOSE OF INJURY PREVENTION. ALTHOUGH THE FMS MAY FACILITATE THE ABILITY FOR REHAB THERAPISTS AND TRAINERS TO DETERMINE MOVEMENT DYSFUNCTIONS, THE ABILITY TO PREDICT INJURY HAS RECENTLY COME UNDER SCRUTINY. THE FOLLOWING REVIEW EXAMINES THE CURRENT LITERATURE ON THE UTILITY OF THE FMS AS A SCREENING TOOL TO IDENTIFY ATHLETES' RISK FOR INJURY.
Promoção da saúde: revisão integrativa sobre conceitos e experiências no Brasil
Authors: Sonaglio Rafaele Garcia , Lumertz Júlia Schvarstzhaupt , Melo Rafael Cerva , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: analisar os diferentes conceitos e experiências, acerca da Promoção da Saúde. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão integrativa na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online, utilizando os descritores Promoção da Saúde e Promoção em Saúde, publicados entre 2006 e 2015. Foram pré-selecionados 728 artigos. Resultados: após a leitura dos resumos, foram selecionados 157 artigos, divididos em duas categorias: conceitos e experiências realizadas. Considerações finais: dentre as principais conclusões, destaca-se a amplitude de conceitos e práticas relacionadas à Promoção da Saúde. Ganham relevância as práticas educativas, como distribuição de folders, formação de grupos e rodas de conversas, com vistas a mudanças de comportamentos individuais.
Checkability of the circuits in FPGA designs according to power dissipation
Authors: Antoniuk V. V. , Drozd A. V. , Drozd J. V. , Stepova H. S.
Published: June 2019

The authors consider the checkability issues of FPGA designs and analyze the logical (structural and structurally functional) checkability. The paper describes the features of safety-related systems that can operate in normal and emergency mode. In these modes different input data are fed to the inputs of the digital circuits of the components, which leads to an expansion of the structurally functional checkability to dual-mode. The paper shows the problem of hidden faults, which can accumulate in the normal mode and manifest themselves in the emergency mode. The features of checkability of circuits in FPGA projects and its advantages important for critical applications are noted. The limitations of the logical checkability of the circuits are analyzed, as well as the possibility and expediency of expanding the traditionally used logical form to power usage checkability. The study defines the checkability of circuits in FPGA projects by power usage and determines its subtypes — lower and upper checkability. Lower checkability is important in identifying faults that lead to lower power usage, for example, in chains of common signals, such as reset or synchronization. The upper one is important for identifying faults that increase the level of power usage, for example, short-circuits. The authors identify the possibility of assessing the power usage checkability of FPGA projects in terms of the power dissipation or power consumption and indicate the possibility of developing upper checkability by the dissipated power. The features of power dissipation monitoring for FPGA projects are noted. An analytical assessment for the checkability of circuits for short-circuit faults, which increase the dissipated power, and the organization of monitoring its excess are proposed. Experiments in Quartus Prime Lite CAD to assess upper checkability by power dissipation of scalable shift register circuits, that are implemented in FPGA projects, based on default IP-Core and a custom VHDL description, are carried out. The paper presents experimental results, that estimate the dependence of the checkability level on the area, occupied by the circuit on the FPGA chip.
CFD-modeling of the temperature field of the radiator casing of the transmitting module of the active phased antenna arrays with air cooling
Authors: Nikolaenko Yu. E. , Baranyuk A. V. , Reva S. A. , Rohachov V. A.
Published: June 2019

Modern radar stations are widely used to obtain images of earth surface with high spatial resolution, to identify moving objects in the air, on sea and on the ground, and allow determining the coordinates and movement parameters accurately. Active phased antenna arrays with large number of transmitting modules are widely used as antenna systems in radar stations. The heat generated by the active microwave elements of the output amplifiers of the transmitting module, leads to an increase in their temperature and to decrease in reliability. In this regard, the task of increasing the cooling efficiency of active microwave elements of the output power amplifiers is important.
The aim of this study is to assess the possibilities of air cooling of the active elements of the output power amplifier in relation to the transition from gallium arsenide to gallium nitride element base with increased heat generation.
This paper presents the results of computer simulation for the temperature filed of the mounting base of the radiator casing, on which 8 heat-generating elements with a local heat release of 28 W each are installed. Cooling fins are made on the opposite base of the radiator casing. The finned surface of the radiator casing is blown by an air stream with an inlet air temperature of 40°C. The simulation was carried out for three values of the air flow rate in the interfin channels: 1, 6 and 10 m/s. It is shown that the maximum temperature of the mounting base of the radiator casing is 90.1°C and is observed at an air flow rate of 1 m/s inside the interfin channels. Increasing the air speed up to 10 m/s makes it possible to reduce the temperature at the installation site of the microwave elements down to 72.1°C. A new technical solution was proposed to further improve the efficiency of the applied cooling system and to reduce the temperature of the mounting surface of the radiator casing.
Love Me Tender: New Films from Claire Denis
Authors: Wilson Emma
Published: June 2019

Now at the acme of her slow-burn career—she turned 72 last year—Claire Denis is producing work that is superlative. Her newest works conjure feelings of an unrivalled intensity and tenderness. This article considers her English-language sci-fi film High Life (2018) and her French rom-com Un Beau Soleil Intérieur [Let the Sunshine In] (2017) in parallel, arguing that the two films converge as forceful meditations on love and death. In the world of Denis, tenderness characterizes the gentlest, most delicate feelings, but is also about vulnerability, a sensitivity to pain. Denis brings these qualities into relief as she contemplates death and a finite future through these two stories of a female artist exploring relationships and of convict passengers on a space ship. Through the roles of actress Juliette Binoche in each film, Denis takes a feminist stance on ageing and sexuality, as she also looks openly at other human feelings.
Roma: Silence, Language, and the Ambiguous Power of Affect
Authors: Marcantonio Carla
Published: June 2019

FQ's new books editor Carla Marcantonio reflects upon her experience serving as Netflix's official translator for Yalitza Aparicio, the Indigenous Mexican woman who plays the housekeeper in director Alfonso Cuarón's Roma. Marcantonio explores themes that emerged over the course of the film's promotional campaign, ranging from the expected (the film's social impact and depiction of a makeshift matriarchy) to those less discussed, such as the film's significant political context and critique of patriarchy, masculinity, and violence. In closing, she offers a counter-argument to the interpretation that Cuarón denies Cleo her agency by limiting her spoken lines, arguing that Cuarón's masterful use of cinematic language allows Cleo's voice to come through loud and clear.
On Platforms
Authors: Benson-Allott Caetlin
Published: June 2019

FQ Columnist Caetlin Benson-Allott explores the complex ethical dimensions of Free Solo, Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi and Jimmy Chin's Oscar-winning documentary about Alex Honnold's death-defying “free solo” climb of El Capitan, Yosemite's legendary three-thousand-foot granite cliff. Benson-Allott asks how our understanding that Honnold could die on camera, a probability that the film reflexively acknowledges, violates the spectatorial contract that exists between films and their audiences. She also probes the gendered strategies employed by Free Solo's in its representation of risk, which she discusses in comparison to other documentaries, including Werner Herzog's Grizzly Man and The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner.
Razmjeri i efekti bolovanja u hrvatskom ugostiteljstvu – osvrt na produktivnost
Authors: Maškarin Ribarić Helga
Published: June 2019

U ovom se radu bolovanja, kao oblik apsentizma, promatraju u kontekstu njihova negativnog utjecaja na rezultate poslovanja, s posebnim osvrtom na produktivnost, i to na razini ukupnog gospodarstva te posebno za ugostiteljstvo kao ključni dio turizma koji uvelike „pogoni“ ukupno hrvatsko gospodarstvo. U tu su svrhu analizirani i uspoređeni podaci o bolovanjima na razini Europske unije i Hrvatske, a unutar hrvatskoga gospodarstva posebno su analizirani podaci za ugostiteljstvo. Metodom HCA procijenjeni su gubici produktivnosti zbog bolovanja za hrvatsko gospodarstvo te je provedena usporedba efekata bolovanja na bruto dodanu vrijednost (BDV) između ugostiteljstva i sveukupnoga hrvatskoga gospodarstva. Rezultati analize upućuju na velik negativan utjecaj bolovanja na postignutu produktivnost (1,276 % BDV-a RH), ali i znatno povoljniju situaciju u ugostiteljstvu u odnosu na ukupan prosjek za Hrvatsku.
Compound heterozygous mutations in the luteinizing hormone receptor signal peptide causing 46,XY disorder of sex development
Authors: Potorac Iulia , Trehan Ashutosh , Szymańska Kamila , Fudvoye Julie , Thiry Albert , Huhtaniemi Ilpo , Daly Adrian F , Beckers Albert , Parent Anne-Simone , Rivero-Müller Adolfo
Published: June 2019

Testosterone production by the fetal testis depends on a functional relationship between hCG and the LH/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR). Failure of the receptor to correctly respond to its ligand leads to impaired sexual differentiation in males. A phenotypically female patient with pubertal delay had a 46,XY karyotype and was diagnosed with 46,XY disorder of sex development (DSD). Novel compound heterozygous LHCGR mutations were found in the signal peptide: a duplication p.L10_Q17dup of maternal origin, and a deletion (p.K12_L15del) and a p.L16Q missense mutation of paternal origin. cAMP production was very low for both the deletion and duplication mutations and was halved for the missense mutant. The duplication and missense mutations were both expressed intracellularly, but at very low levels at the cell membrane; they were most likely retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. The deletion mutant had a very limited intracellular expression, indicating impaired biosynthesis. There was reduced expression of all three mutants, which was most marked for the deletion mutation. There was also decreased protein expression of all three mutant receptors. In the deletion mutation, the presence of a lower-molecular-weight band corresponding to LHCGR monomer, probably due to lack of glycosylation, and a lack of bands corresponding to dimers/oligomers suggests absent ER entry. This novel case of 46,XY DSD illustrates how different LHCGR signal peptide mutations led to complete receptor inactivation by separate mechanisms. The study underlines the importance of specific regions of signal peptides and expands the spectrum of LHCGR mutations.
Diagnosing metabolic syndrome in craniopharyngioma patients: body composition versus BMI
Authors: van Santen Selvetta S , Olsson Daniel S , Hammarstrand Casper , Wijnen Mark , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M , van der Lely Aart J , Johannsson Gudmundur , Janssen Joseph A M J L , Neggers Sebastian J C M M
Published: June 2019

Objective

Craniopharyngioma patients often have poor metabolic profiles due to hypothalamic–pituitary damage. Previously, using BMI as obesity marker, the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome in these patients was estimated at 46%. Our aim was to determine if dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan in evaluation of obesity and metabolic syndrome would be superior.

Design

Retrospective study of craniopharyngioma patients for whom DXA scan results were available.

Methods

BMI, fat percentage and fat mass index were used to evaluate obesity and as components for obesity in metabolic syndrome.

Results

Ninety-five craniopharyngioma patients were included (51% female, 49% childhood-onset disease). Metabolic syndrome occurred in 34–53 (45–51%) subjects (depending on the definition of obesity, although all definitions occurred in higher frequency than in the general population). Metabolic syndrome frequency was higher if obesity was defined by fat percentage (52 vs 42%) or fat mass index (51 vs 43%) compared to BMI. Misclassification appeared in 9% (fat percentage vs BMI) and 7% (fat mass index vs BMI) for metabolic syndrome and 29 and 13% for obesity itself, respectively. For metabolic syndrome, almost perfect agreement was found for BMI compared with fat percentage or fat mass index. For obesity, agreement was fair to moderate (BMI vs fat percentage).

Conclusion

Using BMI to evaluate obesity underestimates the true prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with craniopharyngioma. Furthermore, fat percentage contributes to a better evaluation of obesity than BMI. The contribution of DXA scan might be limited for identification of the metabolic syndrome.
La creatividad y la Educación en el siglo XXI
Authors: Cárdenas Martínez Lady Diana
Published: June 2019

El afán evolutivo del siglo XXI, trae consigo nuevas necesidades educativas, avances en la tecnología, industria, medicina, educación, entre otras; los cuales presentan grandes retos a una generación que inicia con desafíos económicos, ambientales y sociales. Es así como este siglo cambiante demanda soluciones urgentes que no pueden ser postergadas.Por consiguiente, se hace necesario realizar un cambio de raíz en el pensar, actuar y ser de las personas, proceso que se inicia en nuestra primera escuela “la casa” y por supuesto en nuestros primeros años de escolaridad, por tanto, es importante que la educación sea encaminada a la búsqueda de modelos pedagógicos, estrategias y métodos de enseñanza innovadores.Por lo tanto, la educación se encuentra frente a un gran reto y consciente de la importancia de la capacidad creativa como una condición necesaria que lleva al ser humano a reflexionar sobre su saber, actuar, realidad y responsabilidad.En este sentido, se exponen los componentes del proceso educativo relevantes para el desarrollo de la capacidad creativa: actitud creativa del docente, creación y utilización de estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas en el aula de clase, fomento de los espacios creativos y la incidencia de la creatividad como un valor cultural.
Estudio de percepción de las metodologías de enseñanza aprendizaje en un postgrado de ingeniería
Authors: Montoya Rodríguez Carolina , Valdivieso Bolaños Mercedes , Martínez Sánchez Paloma
Published: June 2019

Para las instituciones de educación superior es importante conocer la calidad de su servicio para mejorar sus procesos. El presente estudio busca identificar la percepción de los estudiantes de una especialización de ingeniería sobre las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Esta investigación se desarrolló a través de una encuesta a 3 grupos de estudiantes de diferentes semestres. El estudio arrojó que las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje más empleadas por los docentes son: la clase magistral (100%) y el aprendizaje cooperativo (77%). Más del 80% de estudiantes percibe que las metodologías son suficientes y apropiadas, mientras que menos del 50% de estudiantes las percibe como insuficientes e inadecuadas. Se concluye que hay una estrecha relación entre la evaluación de las metodologías impartidas por los docentes y la adquisición y aplicación del conocimiento aprendido por los estudiantes, por lo cual es importante promover la aplicación de las metodologías mejor evaluadas para mejorar la calidad del servicio.