bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromosome 19
Authors: Subramanian Chandrakumar , Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: September 2023

Gene is considered discrete coding units that contain the information for
individual proteins. These lot of genes were combined and named DNA which is
tightly coiled many times over the histone protein to form Chromosomes. Humans have
got 23pairs of chromosomes, including the sex chromosome. The current study is about
the major genes and their functions that are present in chromosome 19. There are
approximately 1500 genes present in this chromosome, and changes in chromosome 19
are identified in many cancers. Dislocation of the chromosome, a mutation in genes
that are present in a chromosome (rearrangements, deletions, or duplications) of DNA
in the chromosome, epigenetic modification, and lifestyle changes are some of the
chromosomal abnormalities that are responsible for cancer-causing. These changes will
trigger the growth of normal cells and induce cancer cell proliferation, migration,
invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The signaling pathways like PI3K/AKT,
JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and TGF-β are responsible for the various cellular functions with
the result of autocrine, juxtacrine, intracrine, paracrine, or endocrine. When the
dysregulation of these signaling pathways leads to cancer progression and metastasis.
Prostate cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, gastric
cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, and cervical cancer are the major cancers that are caused
because of mutation that occurs in chromosome 19.
Chromosome 21
Authors: Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: September 2023

The significance of human chromosome 21 is that the trisomy of human
chromosome 21 causes Down syndrome in children. There are about 235 protein-coding genes on chromosome 21. Mutations like translocation in human chromosome
21 cause different conditions such as partial monosomy 21, core binding factor acute
myeloid leukemia, ring chromosome 21, and other types of cancers such as acute
lymphoblastic leukemia. Mutation in the DSCAM gene causes mental retardation and
facial deformities in down syndrome. The human chromosome 21 also comprises the
APP gene, where the expression of the gene causes Alzheimer's disease. The genes that
are involved in causing Down syndrome and Alzheimer's diseases are also involved in
cancer. This chapter discusses 63 genes of human chromosome 21 that are involved in
different types of cancer.
Chromosome 22
Authors: Madhusoodanan Sayooj , Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: September 2023

When the collection of human Chromosome 22 was first suggested in 1999,
it became the most extended, non-stop stretch of DNA ever decoded and assembled.
Chromosome 22 became the first of the 23 human chromosomes to decode due to its
minimal length and affiliation with numerous diseases. Chromosome 22 involves
several genes that contribute to cancer genetics in one way or the other. The
contribution of chromosome 22 in abnormalities is evident through somatic
translocations, germline and somatic, and in certain cases, overexpression of genes.
One famous example is the Philadelphia translocation, particularly in chronic myeloid
leukemia cells. Various gene contributions about types of cancer such as Acute
Myeloid Leukemia, colorectal, lung, breast cancer and many more have been reported
in studies related to chromosome 22. This chapter takes a run-through of important
targeted studies of a gene that facilitates itself as a part of cancer genetics.
Chromosome Y
Authors: Sattanathan Sowmiya , Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: September 2023

Sex chromosome constitution vary genetically in both genders, such as XY
in male and XX in female. Even though the chromosomes X and Y advanced from the
autosomal pair of the same ancestor, male-specific genes were harbored by the Y
chromosome. This Y chromosome plays a crucial role in germ cell differentiation, sex
determination in males, and numerous tissue masculinization. Translocations or
deletions of SRY, the sex-determining gene of the Y chromosome, enable sex
development disorders with dysgenic gonads. Gonadal improvement failure outturns
not only in infertility but also in the highest possibilities of GCT (Germ Cell Tumour),
like various kinds of testicular GCT and gonad blastoma. Studies have shown that
selected somatic cancers are closely related to both losses of Y chromosome genes,
ectopic expression, or Y chromosome. These observations remark that genes of the Y
chromosome are associated with male diseases and health more than attic turns out not
only in infertility but also in the highest possibilities of GCT (Germ Cell Tumour) like
various kindspated. Even though only a compact amount of protein-coding genes are
seen in Y chromosomes male-specific region, the effects of those Y chromosomal
genes on human disease are still predominantly unknown. In this part, we can find the
participation of selected genes of the Y chromosome in cancer growth in men.
Forecasting the influx of crime cases using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model
Authors: Redoblo Cristine V. , Redoblo Jose Leo G. , Salmingo Rene A. , Padilla Charwin M. , Arroyo Jan Carlo T.
Published: September 2023

Crime constitutes a profound challenge to the societal fabric of a nation and often finds its roots in factors such as avarice, destitution, and economic adversity. This study endeavors to proactively address the issue of crime through the employment of a crime forecasting model, aimed at uncovering latent correlations and underlying patterns. Specifically, it employs the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model to project the future incidence of criminal cases. The research objectives encompass forecasting crime case numbers through time series analysis, appraising the statistical significance of monthly crime occurrences, and assessing the crime dataset utilizing the MATLAB Econometric Modeler. Leveraging historical crime data spanning from January 2018 to December 2021, sourced from nineteen municipalities in Negros Occidental, Philippines, forms the basis for crime case forecasting. An autoregressive test is applied to ascertain the acceptable confidence interval and goodness of fit for crime occurrences. Furthermore, MATLAB Econometric Modeler employs the Ljung-Box test to differentiate between stationary and non-stationary time series and residual crime cases. Notably, the study reveals a significant cyclic pattern in crime cases occurring every 20 months, underscoring the imperative for targeted crime prevention interventions. This study underscores the necessity for consistent and robust law enforcement measures by local government units across the nineteen municipalities in Negros Occidental, focusing on the five identified categories of criminal cases. It is recommended that these measures be implemented diligently to mitigate crime occurrences in the subsequent twenty-first month. Moreover, the study holds potential for extension to regions grappling with elevated crime rates due to inadequate control strategies in place.
Особенности оптических свойств полуметаллических соединений ScBi и YBi
Authors: Князев Ю.В. , Кузьмин Ю.И.
Published: September 2023

The results of experimental studies of the optical properties of binary cubic compounds ScBi and YBi are presented. The features of the frequency dispersion of dielectric functions in the wavelength range 0.22-15 µm are determined.The anomalous behavior of spectral characteristics in the infrared region of the spectrum corresponds to the semi-metallic nature of these materials. A weak intraband contribution to low-energy optical conductivity is associated with the main feature of their electronic structure - the localization of the Fermi level in the region of a deep minimum of the density of states. The features of quantum light absorption are discussed on the basis of a comparative analysis of experimental and theoretical spectra of interband optical conductivity.
Фазовый переход полупроводник--суперионик в кристаллах AgI
Authors: Ильинский А.В. , Шадрин Е.Б.
Published: September 2023

The electronic configuration of chemical bonds between ions forming the structure of the AgI superionics existing in three different crystal modifications is discussed: α-, β- and γ-phases.On the basis of the formulated schemes of hybridization of ion orbitals, the structural phase transitions γ->β and β->α occurring with increasing temperature are considered.It is shown that in the high-temperature superionic α-phase of the AgI crystal in an external electric field, along with an increase in electronic conductivity, hopping conductivity occurs due to a weakening of the coordination bonds between the ions of the substance and the jumps of silver ions along the ion-conducting channels
Высокотемпературная теплоемкость Li, Sc-германата LiScGeO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- и Li, Sc-силиката LiScSiO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Иртюго Л.А. , Денисова Л.Т. , Васильев Г.В. , Денисов В.М.
Published: September 2023

LiScGeO 4 and LiScSiO 4 compounds were obtained by solid-phase synthesis from
Li 2 CO 3 , Sc 2 O 3 , GeO 2 (SiO 2 ). Their crystal structure has been refined using X-ray diffraction. The
high-temperature heat capacity (320–1050 K) of the obtained lithium-scandium germanate and
silicate was measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermodynamic properties were
calculated based on the experimental data about heat capacity.
Перенос заряда в твердых растворах Bi-=SUB=-0.9-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-0.1-=/SUB=-, легированных Mn
Authors: Наджафов А.И. , Мамедов Т.Г. , Алигулиева Х.В. , Кахраманов С.Ш. , Алиева В.Б. , Зверев В.Н. , Абдуллаев Н.А.
Published: September 2023

Electrical and galvanomagnetic effects in single crystals of Bi0.9Sb0.1 solid solutions doped with 1 and 3 at.% Mn have been studied. It is shown that in single crystals of Bi0.9Sb0.1 solid solutions doped with 1 at.% Mn at temperatures below 180 K, activation conductiity with an activation energy of 10 meV is observed. After thermal annealing, in addition to activation conductivity, at temperatures below 20 K, a “metallic” character of conductivity is observed, which is due to conduction over the impurity band. It was found that in single crystals of Bi0.9Sb0.1 solid solutions doped with 3 at.% Mn, a “metallic” character of conductivity is observed with a feature at low temperatures of about 25 K, which reacts to applied external magnetic fields. After thermal annealing, the “metallic” nature of the conductivity is retained, but this feature practically disappears. The mobility and concentration of charge carriers are estimated.
Воздействие слабого импульсного магнитного поля на ионную проводимость суперионного проводника Pb-=SUB=-0.67-=/SUB=-Cd-=SUB=-0.33-=/SUB=-F-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Сорокин Н.И. , Каневский В.М.
Published: September 2023

A magnetoconductometric effect was found under pulsed magnetic action (B = 0.1–1 T)
on a single crystal of the superionic conductor Pb0.67Cd0.33F2 (cubic symmetry, space group
Fm¯3m, unit cell parameter a = 5.7575 A). The static electrical conductivity σdc was determined from
impedance spectra in the frequency range (5–5)×105 Hz. In the absence of magnetic influence (B = 0)
the ionic conductivity of a superionic crystal is σdc = 1.4×10–4 S/cm. When applying a magnetic field
(B = (0.1−1) T) it increases, reaching σdc = 9.5 10−4 S/cm and σdc(B)/σdc(0) = 6.8 at B = 1 T.
The nature of the magnetoconductometric effect in the superionic Pb0.67Cd0.33F2 is discussed in connection with the features its atomic structure.
Процессы переключения в керамике твердых растворов на основе Ca-=SUB=-0.3-=/SUB=-Ba-=SUB=-0.7-=/SUB=-Nb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-
Authors: Гусева О.С. , Малышкина О.В.
Published: September 2023

In this work, ceramic samples with a structure of the type of tetragonal tungsten bronzes, composition Са0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 (CBN30) pure and with modifying additives SrTiO3, KTaO3 or LiTaO3 (5 mass %) were studied by the oscillographic method. It is shown that the introduction of modifying additives into CBN30 ceramics leads to an increase in the reversal polarization and to a decrease in dielectric losses, both at room temperature and at high temperatures. The introduction of LiTaO3 impurity into the CBN30 composition leads to the greatest increase in the reversal polarization. In contrast to ceramics based on lead zirconate titanate, which have a perovskite type structure, the introduction of SrTiO3 into CBN30 (having the structure of tetragonal tungsten bronzes) does not significantly improve the ferroelectric properties. It has been found that at temperatures above 100 °C for pure CBN30 ceramics, above 165 °C for CBN30 + 5% SrTiO3 and CBN30 + 5% KTaO3, and above 200 оС for CBN30 + 5% LiTaO3, there is a strong increase in dielectric losses. The contribution of dielectric losses to switching processes makes it impossible to determine the temperature of the ferroelectric phase transition for solid solutions based on CBN30 from the temperature dependences of dielectric hysteresis loops.
Магнитные свойства Rb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-KFeF-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-
Authors: Балаев А.Д. , Воронов В.H. , Соснин В.М. , Балаев Д.А.
Published: September 2023

The static magnetic properties of the Rb2KFeF6 single crystal in the temperature range T=1.8-300 K in magnetic fields H up to 90 kOe are investigated. At T>1.8 K the crystal is not magnetically ordered, however, the behavior of the inverse susceptibility chi-1(T) indicates a negative paramagnetic Curie temperature Theta of ~0.8 K. This is consistent with the analysis of the magnetization curve M(H) by replacing the external field with an effective Heff field with a negative molecular field constant.
Влияние долговременного воздействия циклических полей на магнитокалорические свойства сплава Гейслера Ni-=SUB=-43.18-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-45.15-=/SUB=-In-=SUB=-11.67-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ханов Л.Н. , Алиев А.М. , Маширов А.В.
Published: September 2023

The thermal expansion (Delta l/l0), magnetocaloric effect (Delta Tad) and the magnetostriction (λ) of a polycrystalline sample of the Ni43.18Mn45.15In11.67 Heusler alloy were studied. A correlation has been established between the magnetocaloric effect and magnetostriction. The smaller value of the MCE in the cooling run can be explained by the smaller contribution of the lattice subsystem to the total measured MCE. It is found that the long-term action of the cyclic magnetic field results in a decrease in the value of Delta Tad in the region of the first-order magnetostructural phase transition. The virgin properties of the alloy can be restored by transformation the sample to the austenite phase. The Heusler alloy Ni43.18Mn45.15In11.67 can be used as a working body in magnetic cooling technology, provided that the alloy periodically transforms to the austenite phase.
Влияние состояния границ зерен на эффект пластификации в ультрамелкозернистом сплаве Al-0.4Zr
Authors: Мавлютов А.М. , Орлова Т.С. , Мурашкин М.Ю. , Еникеев Н.А.
Published: September 2023

The influence of small additional deformation by cold rolling (CR) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained (UFG) Al–0.4Zr alloy structured by high pressure torsion (HPT) has been studied. The results are compared with the application of small additional deformation by HPT, which, after low-temperature annealing, leads to a substantial increase in ductility (plasticization effect) with small decrease in strength. It is shown that, in contrast to the additional deformation of HPT, the deformation of CR after intermediate low-temperature annealing leads to a sharp drop in plasticity to ~2%, while the strength increases to ~275 MPa. The key role of the nonequilibrium state of grain boundaries in the manifestation of the plasticization effect in the UFG Al–0.4Zr alloy is revealed. A new approach is proposed for simultaneously increasing the strength and ductility of the UFG Al–0.4Zr alloy due to a small additional deformation by CR without intermediate annealing. As a result of this approach, a significant increase in strength by ~30% (ultimate tensile strength ~223 MPa) was achieved with a simultaneous increase in ductility up to ~26%, which is associated with an increase in the strain hardening rate due to an increase in the density of lattice dislocations in the UFG structure with nonequilibrium grain boundaries. The strain rate sensitivity and strain hardening coefficients have been determined for the UFG Al–0.4Zr alloy in various states.
Количественный анализ пленочных структур с диффузной границей раздела, исследованных методом электронной Оже-спектроскопии
Authors: Ремеле В.Е. , Митцев М.А. , Кузьмин М.В.
Published: September 2023

A model is proposed for interpreting the results of Auger electron spectroscopy in the case of film systems with reactive interfaces. A quantitative relationship has been established between the parameters of the transition layer and the shape of dependences of the Auger signal of the substrate on the film thickness in such systems. The model was tested for three rare-earth metal (Yb, Sm, Gd) – Si(111) interfaces. Quantitative data have been obtained concerning their structure and stoichiometric composition, as well as the dependence of these characteristics on the thermodynamic properties of the studied rare earth metals.
Эндоэдральный фуллерен Sm@C-=SUB=-80-=/SUB=-: электронное строение, оптические свойства
Authors: Мурзашев А.И. , Кокурин М.Ю. , Пахмутов Д.А. , Паймеров С.К.
Published: September 2023

Taking into account the strong intra-node Coulomb interaction (10 eV), the energy spectrum of endohedral metallofullerene Sm@C80 is calculated. Based on the theoretical energy spectrum, the optical absorption spectrum of this compound is obtained. Comparison of the theoretical curves of the optical absorption spectrum obtained at different values of charge transfer from the embedded Sm atom with the experimental one with the corresponding experimental curve did not allow to establish the value of charge transfer. But despite this, the qualitative coincidence of the experimental curve with the theoretical ones indicates the adequacy of our model proposed for studying the electronic structure of endohedral fullerenes
Deuteronomistyczna koncepcja konfrontacji Eliasza z Achabem. Studium historyczno-krytyczne 1 Krl 17, 1; 18, 1–2. 41–46
Authors: Pikuliński Patryk
Published: September 2023

W artykule przyjrzano się fragmentowi cyklu o Eliaszu metodą historyczno-krytyczną. Celem było przeanalizowanie relacji proroka do króla na podstawie trzech fragmentów (1
 Krl 17, 1; 18, 1–2. 41–46), które przestawiają ich interakcję. Hipotezą tekstu było założenie istnienia jednej, archaicznej tradycji, do której należały wyżej wymienione fragmenty. Nie wpisują się one bowiem w obraz interakcji Eliasza z Achabem, wynikający z kontekstu (16, 29–34; 18, 17–20; 21, 17–29), gdzie król ukazany jest jako zły i bezbożny władca, będący w konfrontacji z prorokiem. Z omawianych fragmentów wywnioskować można neutralną lub nawet pozytywną relację pomiędzy tymi postaciami. Ponadto należy wskazać na konfrontację z baalizmem, obecnym już w archaicznej warstwie tekstu i bardzo uwydatniony w jego ostatecznej formie. Zgodnie z zastosowaną metodą przeanalizowany został kontekst (bliższy i dalszy) fragmentów, została przeprowadzona ich analiza literacka, krytyka tekstu, egzegeza oraz przyjrzano się teologii z nich wynikającej. Po przeanalizowaniu tekstów można stwierdzić istnienie jednej, predeuteronomistycznej tradycji, która została w czasie kilkakrotnie przeredagowana i uzupełniona, aby pasowała do deuteronomistycznej wizji.
Cultural Biases and Psychedelic Experiences: Western Scientific Perspectives about Amazonian Mestizo Therapeutic Traditions
Authors: Dubbini Alberto
Published: September 2023

This article aims to analyze how Western researchers can be influenced by their epistemic and ethical foundations, which are also expressed through a culturally shared idea of therapy, and how this influence can significantly hinder the understanding of a different cultural reality and its resources in terms of knowledge and practices. While examining a collection of research cases in the field of psychedelic therapy, the present paper focuses on the obstacles created by ethical and epistemic conflicts in the mind of researchers with Western scientific training and their consequent difficulty in exploring the situations induced by psychedelic substances in a context of articulation and integration between their therapeutic know-how and that of a spiritual hundreds-year-old psychedelic tradition like Amazonian mestizo vegetalismo. Such obstacles may offer a chance to increase awareness of the cultural bias and limitations of the scientific gaze and highlight the importance of therapeutic and research contexts in which declared independence, neutrality and effectiveness of human alert thinking as undebatable ethical and epistemic value are under discussion.
Enhancing the Predictive Power of Google Trends Data Through Network Analysis: Infodemiology Study of COVID-19
Authors: Chu Amanda MY , Chong Andy C Y , Lai Nick H T , Tiwari Agnes , So Mike K P
Published: September 2023

Background

The COVID-19 outbreak has revealed a high demand for timely surveillance of pandemic developments. Google Trends (GT), which provides freely available search volume data, has been proven to be a reliable forecast and nowcast measure for public health issues. Previous studies have tended to use relative search volumes from GT directly to analyze associations and predict the progression of pandemic. However, GT’s normalization of the search volumes data and data retrieval restrictions affect the data resolution in reflecting the actual search behaviors, thus limiting the potential for using GT data to predict disease outbreaks.

Objective

This study aimed to introduce a merged algorithm that helps recover the resolution and accuracy of the search volume data extracted from GT over long observation periods. In addition, this study also aimed to demonstrate the extended application of merged search volumes (MSVs) in combination of network analysis, via tracking the COVID-19 pandemic risk.

Methods

We collected relative search volumes from GT and transformed them into MSVs using our proposed merged algorithm. The MSVs of the selected coronavirus-related keywords were compiled using the rolling window method. The correlations between the MSVs were calculated to form a dynamic network. The network statistics, including network density and the global clustering coefficients between the MSVs, were also calculated.

Results

Our research findings suggested that although GT restricts the search data retrieval into weekly data points over a long period, our proposed approach could recover the daily search volume over the same investigation period to facilitate subsequent research analyses. In addition, the dynamic time warping diagrams show that the dynamic networks were capable of predicting the COVID-19 pandemic trends, in terms of the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and severity risk scores.

Conclusions

The innovative method for handling GT search data and the application of MSVs and network analysis to broaden the potential for GT data are useful for predicting the pandemic risk. Further investigation of the GT dynamic network can focus on noncommunicable diseases, health-related behaviors, and misinformation on the internet.
An Evaluation of the Boys Do Cry Suicide Prevention Media Campaign on Twitter: Mixed Methods Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Scotti Requena Simone , Pirkis Jane , Currier Dianne , Conway Mike , Lee Simon , Turnure Jackie , Cummins Jennifer , Nicholas Angela
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

In most countries, men are more likely to die by suicide than women. Adherence to dominant masculine norms, such as being self-reliant, is linked to suicide in men in Western cultures. We created a suicide prevention media campaign, “Boys Do Cry,” designed to challenge the “self-reliance” norm and encourage help-seeking in men. A music video was at the core of the campaign, which was an adapted version of the “Boys Don’t Cry” song from “The Cure.” There is evidence that suicide prevention media campaigns can encourage help-seeking for mental health difficulties.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore the reach, engagement, and themes of discussion prompted by the Boys Do Cry campaign on Twitter.

METHODS

We used Twitter analytics data to investigate the reach and engagement of the Boys Do Cry campaign, including analyzing the characteristics of tweets posted by the campaign’s hosts. Throughout the campaign and immediately after, we also used Twitter data derived from the Twitter Application Programming Interface to analyze the tweeting patterns of users related to the campaign. In addition, we qualitatively analyzed the content of Boys Do Cry–related tweets during the campaign period.

RESULTS

During the campaign, Twitter users saw the tweets posted by the hosts of the campaign a total of 140,650 times and engaged with its content a total of 4477 times. The 10 highest-performing tweets by the campaign hosts involved either a video or an image. Among the 10 highest-performing tweets, the first was one that included the campaign’s core video; the second was a screenshot of the tweet posted by Robert Smith, the lead singer of The Cure, sharing the Boys Do Cry campaign’s video and tagging the campaign’s hosts. In addition, the pattern of Twitter activity for the campaign-related tweets was considerably higher during the campaign than in the immediate postcampaign period, with half of the activity occurring during the first week of the campaign when Robert Smith promoted the campaign. Some of the key topics of discussions prompted by the Boys Do Cry campaign on Twitter involved users supporting the campaign; referencing the original song, band, or lead singer; reiterating the campaign’s messages; and having emotional responses to the campaign.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that a brief media campaign such as Boys Do Cry can achieve good reach and engagement and can prompt discussions on Twitter about masculinity and suicide. Such discussions may lead to greater awareness about the importance of seeking help and providing support to those with mental health difficulties. However, this study suggests that longer, more intensive campaigns may be needed in order to amplify and sustain these results.
Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 antibody and infection rate estimation following a high-intensity epidemic of COVID-19 in Guangdong Province, China: A large population cross-sectional investigation (Preprint)
Authors: He Jianfeng
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Background: Along with the epidemic response policy adjustment in China, a surge in COVID-19 infection occurred between December 2022 and January 2023. However, the exact proportion of individuals infected during this period remains uncertain.

METHODS

Methods: A population-level seroepidemiology study was conducted from February to April 2023 in Guangdong Province. The questionnaire and venous blood samples were collected from participants and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in serum samples were tested. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences in IgG seroprevalence among participants with different characteristics, and multivariate linear regression was performed to examine the factors affecting IgG levels. Based on a pre-survey cutoff for IgG levels, infection rates (%) for the population were estimated by characteristics.

RESULTS

Results: Among the total of 10,747 participants, 10,368 (96.47%, 95%CI: 96.12%-96.82%) were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and the median IgG was 82 (IQR:47-108) S/CO. Seroprevalence and IgG level was lower in the young, the elderly, and participants with chronic diseases. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed significant associations between IgG level and age group, gender, self-reported infection, and latest vaccination time. The infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the whole population in Guangdong Province was estimated to be 85.53% following the COVID-19 high-intensity epidemic, corresponding to 107.8 million population were infected.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: The seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG and the estimated natural infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in this outbreak in Guangdong province was at a relatively high level. The young and the elderly are vulnerable populations that need to be focused on and protected.
Effectiveness of a Mobile Phone Messaging–Based Message Framing Intervention for Improving Maternal Health Service Uptake and Newborn Care Practice in Rural Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bulcha Gebeyehu , Abdissa Hordofa Gutema , Noll Josef , Sori Demisew Amenu , Koricha Zewdie Birhanu
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Ethiopia has high rates of maternal and neonatal mortality. In 2019 and 2020, the maternal and newborn mortality rates were estimated at 412 per 1,000,000 births and 30 per 10,000 births, respectively. While mobile health interventions to improve maternal and neonatal health management have shown promising results, there are still insufficient scientific studies to assess the effectiveness of mobile phone messaging–based message framing for maternal and newborn health.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of mobile phone messaging–based message framing for improving the use of maternal and newborn health services in the Jimma Zone, Ethiopia.

METHODS

A 3-arm cluster-randomized trial design was used to evaluate the effects of mobile phone–based intervention on maternal and newborn health service usage. The trial arms were (1) gain-framed messages (2) loss-framed messages, and (3) usual care. A total of 21 health posts were randomized, and 588 pregnant women who had a gestational age of 16-20 weeks, irrespective of their antenatal care status, were randomly assigned to the trial arms. The intervention consisted of a series of messages dispatched from the date of enrolment until 6-8 months. The control group received existing care without messages. The primary outcomes were maternal health service usage and newborn care practice, while knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, iron supplementation, and neonatal and maternal morbidity were secondary outcomes. The outcomes will be analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model and the findings will be reported according to the CONSORT-EHEALTH (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials of Electronic and Mobile HEalth Applications and onLine TeleHealth) statement for randomized controlled trials.

RESULTS

Recruitment of participants was conducted and the baseline survey was administered in March 2023. The intervention was rolled out from May 2023 till December 2023. The end-line assessment was conducted in February 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This trial was carried out to understand how mobile phone–based messaging can improve maternal and newborn health service usage. It provides evidence for policy guidelines around mobile health strategies to improve maternal and newborn health.

CLINICALTRIAL

Pan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR202201753436676; https://tinyurl.com/ykhnpc49

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/52395
Glucocentric and cardiocentric approaches to achieving type 2 diabetes compensation
Authors: Pankiv V.I.
Published: September 2023

Background. Monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been found to be effective only for a limited time. At the same time, the rationality of drug combinations remains an important component of successful management of T2DM. In this context, given the complex multifactorial pathogenesis of T2DM, it is optimal to influence various mechanisms of hyperglycemia. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness and safety of additional administration of a combination of metformin and glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 8.5–9.5 % who took dapagliflozin alone for at least three months. Materials and methods. Fourteen men (mean age 57.9 ± 8.4 years) and 18 women (mean age 58.2 ± 9.3 years) with T2DM were included in the study. The average duration of T2DM was 9.7 ± 4.2 years. The patients were in a state of decompensation of T2DM (HbA1c over 8.5 %) against the background of dapagliflozin monotherapy in the maximum dose for at least three previous months. In addition to dapagliflozin (10 mg/day), patients were prescribed a combination of metformin and glimepi­ride (Duglimax tablets, 500 mg/2 mg once a day) for three months. Results. The average level of HbA1c in 32 patients with T2DM was 9.72 ± 0.81 %, fasting plasma glucose was 10.71 ± 1.42 mmol/l. Three months after the start of a combined treatment, the HbA1c level decreased significantly to 7.54 ± 0.46 % (p < 0.05). The average reduction in HbA1c after switching to additional metformin therapy with glimepiride was 1.48 ± 0.38 %. The proportion of patients who achieved HbA1c < 7.5 % was 34.5 % after 3 months (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of the additional administration of metformin and glimepiride is also confirmed by the high percentage of patients (12.5 %) who achieved HbA1c < 7.0 % (p < 0.05). The level of fas­ting plasma glucose decreased to an average of 7.19 ± 1.06 mmol/l after 3 months. The average decrease reached 3.06 ± 1.08 mmol/l, which in relative terms was 31.4 ± 8.7 % of baseline. No cases of hypoglycemia or other adverse events were registered during the entire study period. Conclusion. The analysis of indicators in 32 patients with type 2 diabetes who had a high level of HbA1c (over 9 %) against the background of dapagliflozin monotherapy allowed us to conclude that it is necessary to intensify the therapy by additionally prescribing a combination of metformin and glimepiride for achieving the target levels of HbA1c. Glucocentric and cardiocentric views on T2DM can be reconciled and integrated by using a combination therapy to address the different etiopathological features of the disease from the very beginning of treatment.
The correlation between body weight, serotonin levels, mental health status, sleep disorders and metabolism in patients with obesity
Authors: Tkachenko V.I. , Bagro T.O.
Published: September 2023

Background. The significant spread of obesity stimulates researchers to search for etiopathogenic treatment by studying the relationships and dependencies of the hormonal, neurochemical and psychosomatic components. The purpose of the study is to determine the correlation between body weight, serotonin level, mental health status, sleep disorders and metabolism in obese patients. Materials and methods. In a cohort, prospective study, 75 patients with obesity were observed for 6 months. They were divided into 2 groups depending on the detected psychosocial characteristics and sleep disorders with the appropriate treatment using a patient-oriented approach. The examination included studying body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity indices (body surface area, waist/hip ratio, conicity index, a body shape index, abdominal volume index), blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin, leptin, serotonin, assessment of psychosocial status and sleep quality with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Statistica 12, Excel 2010. Results. At baseline, the patients had obesity class I and II. Тhe calculated indices of abdominal obesity, indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, scores of questionnaires of eating behavior, anxiety and depression, quality of sleep, sleepiness and leptin level exceeded the recommended values, while the level of serotonin, the scores of the SF-36 had low values that significantly improved in dynamics. Strong direct correlations at baseline were found between BMI, abdominal obesity indices, blood pressure, indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, leptin, HADS, BDI, HAM-A, ESS, PSQI global score; a strong inverse (negative) relationship was noted between BMI and the levels of high-density lipoprotein and serotonin. A high negative correlation was found between serotonin and BMI, abdominal obesity indices (body surface area, a body shape index, abdominal volume index, conicity index), blood pressure, indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, HADS, HAM-A, BDI, PSQI global score, sleep quality, latency, duration, efficiency and the ESS. Conclusions. The high BMI correlates with a low level of serotonin, increased level of anxiety and depression, drowsiness, deterioration of the quality of sleep and life, disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, which are mutually aggravating factors for the development of obesity and other non-infectious diseases; it must be taken into account when determining approaches to comprehensive patient-oriented treatment of obesity.
A Survey of Entrepreneurial Intentions among Chinese College Students
Authors: Zhang Yin , Wang Yan
Published: September 2023

Entrepreneurial intention is a crucial factor that influences entrepreneurial behavior and can largely predict the likelihood of its occurrence. A survey of 321 Chinese college students revealed the following findings: 1) The overall level of entrepreneurial intention among Chinese college students is at an average level. 2) Entrepreneurship education plays a significant role in enhancing the entrepreneurial intention of Chinese college students. 3) Economic factors are the primary motivation for Chinese college students to engage in entrepreneurship. 4) The majority of Chinese college students prefer opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. 5) The selection of entrepreneurial fields by Chinese college students is mainly based on their interests and expertise.
Almarai’s Dilemma: Introducing Planted-based Milk
Authors: G. Maalouf , I. Jallad
Published: September 2023

Almarai has more than four decades supplying the market with quality products. Almarai’s product line includes milk, juices, bakery items, and poultry. The business has been successful in introducing new products to the market. Dairy milk is a highly consumed, and demanded nutritional food product in the GCC and mainly in Kuwait, but the latest trends concentrate on lowering the consumption of animal products.The food industry is aiming toward the plant-based milk options, such as soy, almond, oat, rice, and coconut milk. This case study explores the difficulties encountered by Almarai, a leading dairy company in Kuwait, as it considers whether to introduce plant-based milk to its product portfolio.
Dynamics of Symbols in Romantic and Neo-Romantic Poets: A Study of Some Selected Poems of William Blake, William Wordsworth, Ted Hughes and Seamus Heaney
Authors: Tata Delphine Esi , Neba Divine Che
Published: September 2023

In literary discourse, symbolism is the use of objects to signify ideas and qualities. Consequently, symbols take varied forms to convey these ideas, concepts or emotions, explicitly, and implicitly, relying on shared cultures or conventions. On this note, this paper underscores that there is a shift in the dynamics of symbols from the romantic epoch to the postmodern period with each era portraying nature and childhood symbols in a manner that is satisfactory to humanity across ages.  The paper also shows that though the Romantics (William Blake and William Wordsworth) and Neo-romantics, (Ted Hughes and Seamus Heaney) share similar concerns in relation to nature and childhood, these consternations are read through different prisms. In this light, they plunge into the ambiguities of the imagination and the changing consciousness, from a quiet romantic time to the traumatic epoch of the 21st century. To Blake, Wordsworth, Hughes, and Heaney, imagination, as such, remains a gift, as it enables them to sail beyond the ordinary. Against this backdrop, the romantic and postmodern theoretical paradigms become inevitable as they pave the way for a better insight into the distinct styles of these poets in the exploration of space, time, thoughts, and other constituents through vibrant symbols to transcend the ordinary for a better portrait of nature and childhood.
Модульное устройство для измерения технических параметров технологической оснастки
Authors: Волотов Д.И. , Маслов А.Р.
Published: September 2023

Представлено описание измерительного устройства для прямого измерения физических величин, характеризующих основные свой­ства станочных приспособлений. Описано использование метода измерения, при котором значение искомой величины определяется непосредственно по показывающему средству измерений. Устройство переналаживается путем смены входящих в комплект модулей.
Nonlocal partial fractional evolution equations with state dependent delay
Authors: Lachachi-Merad Nardjis , Baghli-Bendimerad Selma , Benchohra Mouffak , Karapınar Erdal
Published: September 2023

In this work, we propose sufficient conditions guaranteeing an existence result of mild solutions by using the nonlinear Leray-Schauder alternative in Banach spaces combined with the semigroup theory for the class of Caputo partial semilinear fractional evolution equations with finite state-dependent delay and nonlocal conditions.
Una historia inmanente. Elementos simbólicos de la menstruación en las pócimas de amor. Un estudio de los procesos judiciales realizados a las mujeres novohispanas (siglo XVII)
Authors: Morales Sarabia Angélica
Published: September 2023

Uno de los componentes centrales en las recetas elaboradas dentro de la magia amorosa fue el menstruo. Su presencia temprana en la Nueva España sostuvo la existencia de un paralelismo entre la magia amorosa europea y americana. Aquí se analiza cómo este paralelismo no es tan claro al momento de revisar las autodenuncias y denuncias que hicieron las mujeres ante el Santo Oficio, a finales del siglo XVI y a lo largo del siglo XVII. A través de los documentos de la inquisición, podemos reconocer que la recomendación de utilizar el menstruo en las recetas para atraer el amor de un hombre provino del mundo de la hechicería de las mujeres españolas, mulatas y negras, transitando más adelante al mundo de las indígenas. Las mujeres indígenas fueron preponderantemente especialistas en el manejo de hierbas y otros recursos. Para dar cuenta de esto, propongo ubicarme en un área de intersección entre la teoría humoral, la magia amorosa europea y la herbolaria indígena.
Cuatro idiomas al egresar del bachillerato
Authors: Lampkin Édgar Raúl
Published: September 2023

En este breve video, el Dr. Edgar Lampkin, CEO de la California Association for Bilingual Education (CABE, por sus siglas en inglés), hace una invitación a explorar una faceta de la visión de dicha asociación: promover el desarrollo de fluidez en cuatro idiomas al graduarse del nivel medio superior. Señala las ventajas que esta medida tiene para lograr una competitividad global.
Polish Adults’ Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes Concerning Legionellosis
Authors: Shalan Naeem , Laszuk Zuzanna , Kosinska Irena , Kanecki Krzysztof , Alaraj Mohd.
Published: September 2023

Despite the growing prevalence of legionellosis in Poland and worldwide, little is known about the extent of public awareness regarding the seriousness of this disease and the appropriate preventive measures. The aim of this work is to assess the Polish adults’ knowledge, perceptions, and beliefs about legionellosis and its causative agents, risk factors, exposure, and other relevant facts. Data for this cross-sectional study were gathered via a questionnaire that was constructed and validated by the study investigators before commencing the survey, which lasted from January to March 2022. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards legionella were measured and quantified. One-way ANOVA and chi square tests were used to compare between demographic variables and the level of knowledge. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the predictors for higher knowledge among study participants. A total of 251 participants with a mean age of 28.26 ± 9.6 were enrolled in the current study. Over two thirds (74%) were females, with higher education (62%). Older age was associated with less knowledge about legionellosis (B = -0.049, p < 0.001), while higher education was associated with more knowledge (B = 1.656, p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between genders (p = 0.066). A knowledge gap was present for diagnostic tests regarding legionella. On the other hand, knowledge about prevention procedures was quite high among study participants. This study showed that overall knowledge about legionellosis in Polish adults was quite low. In particular, older age groups and the less educated are in need of more awareness of legionellosis disease. A knowledge gap was particularly present regarding how the disease is diagnosed. Awareness campaigns containing simple, easy-to-understand information could prove useful in combating the disease.
A Retrospective Study to Determine the Genotypic Distribution of Hepatitis-C from a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Appalaraju B. , Rizwana M. Mohamadiya
Published: September 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a blood-borne pathogen that transmits infection via transfusion. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common cancer and a major cause of death in patients with chronic HCV infection. Response to treatment is mainly based on the genotypic characterization of HCV. The gold standard for genotyping HCV is by sequencing highly conserved regions such as NS5, core, E1, and 5’UTR. Serum samples of patients who visited the tertiary care hospital with clinical features suggestive of HCV infection formed the study group. HCV genotyping was performed using multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in the samples tested positive by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA). The viral loads were also performed on selected patient samples. In the present study, Genotype 4 (35.71%), followed by Genotype 3 (17.53%) and 1 & 1b (12.34%) were the common genotypes observed. Genotype 1,1b & 4 mixed type and genotype 4 and 5 mixed type was detected in one sample each (0.65%). The mean measured value of HCV antibody was 11.51 ± 4.57. The viral load was detected in 61 out of 81 samples tested. The mean viral load ranged from 550 to 552769250IU/ml (log 2.74-log 8.74). Genotype 4 was the most common genotype demonstrated in our study as opposed to the other studies were genotype 3 was the dominant one in south India.