bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of harvesting time on biomass and combustion quality of Miscanthus lutarioriparius in Dongting lake area
Authors: ZHU Peng , XIAO Liang , YANG Sai
Published: July 2024

Biomass energy, recognized for its potential to supplant traditional energy sources, finds a promising alternative in Miscanthus. Particularly, M. lutarioriparius, a species within the Miscanthus genus, stands out as the most suitable for application. This study focuses on the impact of harvest timing on the biomass and combustion quality of M. lutarioriparius in the coastal wetlands of Dongting Lake, Hunan. A comprehensive field experiment was conducted in this area. The findings reveal several key trends: Firstly, the biomass yield of M. lutarioriparius decreased from 18.42 tons per hectare to 11.25 tons per hectare with the delayed harvest. there is a notable increase in the stem-to-leaf ratio of M. lutarioriparius, primarily attributed to leaf shedding. Secondly, the water content had dropped to 22.33% by the time of harvest in February of the following year. Ash content decreased from 4.55% to 2.17% from October to February of the following year. The calorific value, cellulose and lignin content increased with delayed harvest, while hemicellulose content decreased. Notably, the calorific value exhibits a significant positive correlation with cellulose and lignin content, and a markedly negative correlation with hemicellulose. Thirdly, most mineral elements in the plant demonstrate a significant decrease with delayed harvesting, except for potassium (K) and calcium (Ca), which initially increase and then decrease. The ash content shows a positive correlation with the contents of potassium (K) and silicon (Si). Despite a reduction in biomass yield due to delayed harvesting, combustion quality significantly improves. Therefore, it is concluded that optimal fuel quality is achieved when M. lutarioriparius is harvested in February of the following year.
Efficacy of different bioagents in suppressing Meloidogyne incognita, and evaluation of some physio-biochemical changes in Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Authors: ABDEL-BASET Sahar , HAMMAD Amany M.A. , ADEL Al-Shimaa M. , HASSAN Saad El-Din , ALI Mohamed A.M. , ABU-ELSAOUD Abdelghafar M. , ABDELRAZIK Eman
Published: July 2024

Plant parasitic nematodes cause severe damage, reducing plant production. The ability of four various biocontrol agents was surveyed for effectiveness in inhibiting J2 of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro. The study aims to explore the impact of different bio-agents (Bacillus cereus 54-1, Streptomyces erythrogriesus sub sp. 2, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Spirulina platensis) on the root-knot-nematode, M. incognita reproduction, and their influence on plant growth as well as physiological and biochemical parameters in Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants under greenhouse conditions. Effective inoculation of four bio-control agents on growth and physio-biochemical parameters of bean plants infected with root-knot-nematode was also investigated. After 48 hours of exposure to bioagents, mortality was caused by M. incognita J2s. Mortality ranged between 67.3 and 89%. Under experimental conditions, further validating the relative efficacy of different bioagents in control M. incognita on common bean in two successive seasons. All pageants were efficient in preventing nematode reproduction, but with varying efficacy. Oxamyl (Nematicide) was an extremely effective treatment for suppressing total nematode populations. Nevertheless, the second most effective treatment for reducing M. incognita in roots and soil was B. cereus. All treatments significantly enhanced growth as compared to the control. Treatments with four bioagents significantly reduced H2O2 and malondialdehyde levels. While it significantly raised the activity of peroxidase, polyphenol-oxidase, and superoxide dismutase, in addition to raising the content of phenolics and flavonoids in the infected common bean. The tested bioagents were efficient in preventing nematode reproduction, but at various levels of efficacy. In addition, all treatments significantly enhanced common bean growth parameters and reduced the levels of both H2O2 and MDA. While it raised the activity of POD, PPO, SOD, and contents of phenolics and flavonoids in the infected common bean. These results highlight the value of bioagents as a promising biocontrol technique to manage root-knot-nematodes in common beans.
Effects of vermicompost as an alternative substrate on yield and quality of cauliflower and pepper seedlings
Authors: BÜYÜKARSLAN Dilek , DEMİR Halil
Published: July 2024

It is wondered whether vermicompost can be an alternative to peat in seedling production. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different vermicompost rates on the growth, quality characteristics and macro and micro mineral concentrations of pepper and cauliflower seedlings. There were 4 treatments consisting of different mixtures in the study. T1: 70% peat + 27% perlite + 3% vermiculite; T2: 70% vermicompost + 27% perlite + 3% vermiculite; T3: 35% peat + 35% vermicompost + 27% perlite + 3% vermiculite; T4: 100% vermicompost. ‘Sivrillo’ F1 (Capsicum annuum var. longum) pepper and ‘Casper’ F1 (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis) cauliflower varieties were used as the plant material. Vermicompost mixtures had a significant impact on pepper and cauliflower seedlings. The emergence and growth characteristics of pepper seedlings were similar in T1, T2 and T3 treatments. However, the T3 mixture provided the highest emergence rate and seedling height in cauliflower seedlings. T3 also increased the leaf area both pepper and cauliflower seedlings more than the other treatments. Although T2 medium showed the highest N, K, and Mg contents in pepper seedlings, vermicompost mixtures had the highest P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in cauliflower. Vermicompost mixtures had higher microelement contents in cauliflower, whereas similar results were obtained from T2 and T1 treatments in pepper seedlings. In conclusion, it was determined that the 35% peat and 35% vermicompost mixture was appropriate for pepper and cauliflower seedlings in terms of many criteria. Additionally, noteworthy results were obtained when 70% peat was substituted with vermicompost.
Ideias-base de Função Mobilizadas por Estudantes dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em Situações de Proporção Simples
Authors: Zanella Marli Schmitt , Rezende Veridiana
Published: July 2024

Resumo Esta pesquisa tem seu alicerce na Didática da Matemática. A Teoria dos Campos Conceituais respaldou a elaboração do instrumento de pesquisa e as análises dos dados produzidos. Teve por objetivo identificar que ideias-base de função são mobilizadas por estudantes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental ao resolverem situações de divisão por cota e multiplicação. Para o seu desenvolvimento, foram elaboradas 4 situações da classe proporção simples, das quais analisamos neste artigo duas delas, das subclasses cota e multiplicação um para muitos. O instrumento de pesquisa foi desenvolvido por 12 estudantes de uma turma do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. A análise dos dados ocorreu a partir de gravações em áudio dos diálogos das duplas de estudantes e de suas produções escritas. Nas análises, há indicativos de que as ideias-base de função correspondência, dependência, regularidade e variável foram manifestadas por todos os participantes do estudo na situação envolvendo multiplicação um para muitos e, na situação envolvendo cota, apenas dois estudantes não manifestaram nenhuma ideia-base. A ideia-base generalização foi manifestada por quatro estudantes para a situação envolvendo cota. A partir dos resultados e com base na Teoria dos Campos Conceituais, inferimos que as situações multiplicativas sejam propostas desde os Anos Iniciais, considerando a variedade de subclasses, para que as ideias-base de função sejam desenvolvidas pelos estudantes durante todo o processo escolar.
Vacina para hepatite B entre trabalhadores da saúde: fatores associados às dimensões do Modelo de Crenças em Saúde
Authors: Farias Junior Yvanilson Costas , Souza Fernanda de Oliveira , Santos Deisy Vital dos , Heliotério Margarete Costa , Pinho Paloma de Sousa , Araújo Tânia Maria de
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre as dimensões do Modelo de Crenças em Saúde (MCS) e a vacinação completa para hepatite B entre trabalhadores da saúde (TS). Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal com TS da Atenção Primária à Saúde e Média Complexidade. Realizaram-se análises uni e bivariada a fim de testar a associação entre a variável desfecho (vacinação completa para hepatite B a partir do autorrelato) e as variáveis das dimensões do MCS. Foram calculadas razões de prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 453 TS. A prevalência de vacinação completa para hepatite B foi de 56,9%. No modelo final de análise, estiveram associadas à vacinação completa para hepatite B as variáveis: chance de pegar hepatite B (RP=1,73) – relativa à dimensão de suscetibilidade; gravidade da doença (RP=0,74) – relativa à dimensão de gravidade; diminuição do risco de absenteísmo (RP=1,29) – relativa à dimensão de benefícios; não dispêndio de tempo para se vacinar (RP=1,41) e não preocupação acerca de eventos atribuíveis à vacinação ou imunização (RP=1,43) – relativas à dimensão de barreiras. Conclusão: A completude do esquema vacinal para hepatite B, referida pelos TS investigados, revela uma prevalência abaixo da meta estabelecida pelo Ministério da Saúde, a qual acompanha o cenário nacional de baixas coberturas apresentado para outras faixas etárias. A compreensão sobre percepção de risco e gravidade da hepatite B pode contribuir para o aumento da prevalência de vacinação para essa infecção.
Roberto Burle Marx e a defesa da paisagem brasileira no Conselho Federal de Cultura
Authors: Silva Jônatas Souza Medeiros da , Carneiro Ana Rita Sá , Silva Joelmir Marques da
Published: July 2024

Resumo Este artigo dá notoriedade a quatro conferências proferidas pelo paisagista Roberto Burle Marx enquanto membro do Conselho Federal de Cultura, representando a Câmara de Artes, entre os anos de 1967 e 1974. Essas conferências são fontes primárias que refletem o lado conservacionista de Burle Marx e a sua preocupação com a preservação da paisagem brasileira, ao constatar, durante suas viagens e excursões botânicas, a destruição das florestas ante o desenvolvimento urbano desordenado e o descaso com os jardins públicos. Composto pela transcrição destas conferências, organizadas em ordem cronológica, e antecedida por uma sessão de comentário realizado a partir da interpretação do pensamento discorrido nos documentos, este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que Burle Marx não se destaca apenas pelas suas obras artísticas – projetos paisagísticos e artes plásticas –, que o tornaram mundialmente conhecido e até hoje estudado, mas também como ativista ambiental na defesa da paisagem brasileira e, portanto, na preservação do patrimônio cultural e natural do Brasil.
Fibrose cística entre “nomes” e “sobrenomes”: a expressão do Biopoder na era das precisões
Authors: Marins Katty Anne Carvalho , Moreira Martha Cristina Nunes
Published: July 2024

Resumo Na fibrose cística, a identificação da variabilidade genética (mutações) da CFTR - a qual difere quanto a síntese, tráfego, estabilidade e função da proteína e suas implicações na disfuncionalidade do gene - é a principal base para o desenvolvimento dos medicamentos moduladores e inovações na terapêutica. Tais inovações prometem um aumento da expectativa de vida com qualidade na era da biomedicina high tech. O argumento deste artigo se funda na ideia de que o poder-saber pelo conhecer da mutação fomenta a construção da identidade no “eu genético”. Metodologicamente, assume-se a Análise Crítica dos Discursos (ACD), interessada nas formações discursivas dos atores sociais, como uma comunidade de especialistas com vinculações diversas no campo da fibrose cística. Discute-se o quanto posições sócio-históricas e culturais, em correspondência com as práticas sociais, veiculam a centralidade do debate do direito à vida na era da medicina de precisão. A experiência compartilhada da FC, como uma condição de saúde rara, aponta para o (res)significar da cidadania em torno do bios.
Stock assessment of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) in Tha-Bawt-Seik coastal area, Dawei, Myanmar
Authors: Aung Thet Htwe
Published: July 2024

The stock assessment of the threadfin beam, Nemipterus japonicus, collected from the Tha-Bawt-Seik of the Andaman Sea in Myanmar were analysed from January to December 2018. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the condition of the N. japonicus population. For all 1866 specimens, the asymptotic length (L∞), growth rate (K) and growth performance index (Ǿ) were 22.05 cm, 1.4 year–1 and 2.833 respectively. There were 4.89 year–1, 2.47 year–1 and 2.41 year–1 for the total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality rate (Z) respectively. The maximum exploitation rate (Emax) was 0.703, while the exploitation rate (Ecurrent) was 0.49. There were two main recruitment pulses in the pattern of continual recruitment. When the dry season began, threadfin beams became one of the principal species in Tha-Bawt-Seik. The outcomes of the study showed that while the N. japonicus stock is currently safe; there are signs of growth overfishing and any rise in the existing pace of exploitation is likely to exacerbate this issue.
Fabrication of high speed steel electrodes with MoSi2–MoB–HfB2 ceramic additives for electrospark deposition on die steel
Authors: Akhmetov A. , Eremeeva Zh. V. , Kudryashov A. E. , Loginov P. A. , Shlyapin S. D. , Samoshina M. E. , Levashov E. A.
Published: July 2024

The electrodes for electrospark deposition (ESD) were fabricated from hot-pressed blanks composed of a mechanically alloyed powder mixture of R6M5K5 high speed steel. This mixture was enriched with a 40 % addition of heat-resistant MoSi2–MoB–HfB2 ceramics, produces through the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method (resulting in the R6M5K5-K electrode), as well as variant without any ceramic addition (resulting in the R6M5K5 electrode). We examined both the composition and structure of the electrode materials and the coatings derived from them, identifying the characteristics of mass transfer from hot-pressed electrodes to substrates of 5KhNM die steel under various frequencies and energy conditions during processing. The R6M5K5 electrode consists of an α-Fe-based matrix incorporating dissolved alloying elements and contains discrete particles of ferrovanadium, tungsten carbide, and molybdenum. The R6M5K5-K electrode, in addition to the α-Fe-based matrix, includes borides and carbides, as well as hafnium oxide. The use of the R6M5K5 electrode resulted in a consistent weight increase in the cathode throughout the entire 10-minute processing period. In contrast, the application of the ceramicenhanced electrode led to weight gain only during the initial 3 min of processing. Subsequently, ESD produced coatings of 22 and 50 μm thickness on the surface of 5KhNM steel using R6M5K5 and R6M5K5-K electrodes, respectively. The introduction of SHS ceramics escalated the roughness (Ra) of the surface layers from 6 to 13 μm and the hardness from 9.1 to 15.8 GPa. The coating from the R6M5K5 electrode was composed of austenite (γ-Fe) and exhibited high uniformity. Conversely, the coating from the R6M5K5-K electrode consisted of a diverse matrix with both crystalline and amorphous iron, an amorphous phase rooted in the Fe–B alloy, and scattered phases of HfO2, HfSiO4, Fe3Si, and Fe3B. High-temperature tribological testing at 500 °C in an air atmosphere showed that the coatings possess a friction coefficient of 0.55–0.57 when coupled with a counterbody of AISI 440C steel. The integration of heat-resistant ceramics notably enhanced the coating's wear resistance, increasing it by a factor of 13.5.
RESEARCH OF CROSS-LINKED POLYMER SYSTEMS FOR APPLICATION IN FIELDS CONDITIONS LLC RN-PURNEFTEGAZ
Authors: Ganiev I.M. , Magzyanov I.R. , Kalimullina G.Z. , Tahmezov T. A. , Opritov I.G. , Andreev A.E.
Published: July 2024

At present time, many oil fields, especially in historically developed areas of oil production, such as Western Siberia, characterized by a mature stage of development, accompanied by a high level of watercut of the produced wells while maintaining significant residual oil reserves. In such conditions, it is necessary to provide for the use of various methods aimed at additional recovery of oil reserves. In particular, it is necessary to provide for the use of tertiary impact methods, a significant share of which is occupied by flow- diverting technologies. The meaning of their application lies in the injection of a small amount of chemical reagents aimed at reducing the permeability of water-washed zones by installing a water-insulating barrier in them and redirecting water filtration flows to previously non-flooded reservoir zones. It should be noted that, unlike most methods of increasing oil recovery, in the case of the use of flow-diverting technologies, the flooding agent does not change — both before and after pumping the rim of chemical reagents, water is used as a flooding agent.From an analysis of literary sources and experience in the use of various types of flow-diverting technologies, it follows that one of the most frequently used technologies, with high versatility of action, is the technology of cross-linked polymer systems based on polymers of the acrylamide series. In this connection, this work presents the results of cross-linked polymer systems studies for selected promising development objects of LLC RN-Purneftegaz. Formulations containing polymers in the concentration range from 0.18 to 1.0 % with the addition of 0,018–0,01 % chromium acetate cross-linker were investigated. Additionally, compositions with the addition of bentonite clay powder in an amount of 0.5 wt.% were studied. A study was carried out of solubility, compatibility with water, crosslinkability of compositions,viscosity properties of initial solutions and crosslinked systems based on them. The thermal stability of cross-linked polymer systems was studied at temperatures from 44 ℃ to 95 ℃ and different mineralization. Recommendations for the use of flow-diverting technologies have been developed.
Muslims and Politics in Postcolonial Mozambique
Authors: Bonate Liazzat J. K.
Published: July 2024

Eric Morier-Genoud, Towards Jihad? Muslims and Politics in Postcolonial Mozambique (London: Hurst & Co, 2023), 240 pp., ISBN: 9781805260431 This is a collection of previously published articles addressing the relationship between the post-colonial state under the Frelimo government and Muslims of Mozambique. The book aims at understanding the state's policies towards religion and secularity, the formation of Muslim elites and counter-elites, and inter-religious and inter-Muslim competition and conflicts between 1975 and 2022. The last chapter of the book attempts to provide a historical interpretation for the origins and evolution of the current jihadi insurgency in Cabo Delgado.
Graphic Histories of Solidarity, in Solidarity
Authors: Benson Koni
Published: July 2024

Revolutionary experiments require building revolutionary relationships. This praxis of material and social creativity to reorganise power dynamics and weave connections across weaponised divides, are evident in the content, the form and the backstory woven into Janet Biehl's Their Blood Got Mixed: Revolutionary Rojava and the War on ISIS. Written and illustrated by Janet Biehl, it is a graphic memoir that can be read as both an historical narrative and a blueprint of a contemporary revolutionary experiment that combines political theory and graphic art to tell the story of how ISIS has been driven back in Northern Syria by people fighting for a society based on principles of direct democracy, political secularism, gender equality, and ecological sustainability. Whereas in the past, after the liberation of Rojava in 2012, Biehl spent time interviewing leadership, this book relays her interviews with women across the region and across the various projects of reorganising and defending social, political, cultural and economic life in 2019 after four years of warfare against ISIS and the Turkish state. Reflecting on the relationships that make revolutionary history, and that produce artistic histories of revolutionary experiments, this review article considers the history in this book and of this book, in conversation with recently published graphic non-fiction, and draws on engaged scholarship concerned with the politics of collective knowledge production in and for movements of solidarity urgently needed in the face of the imploding crisis of colonial borders.
Dénètem Touam Bona, Fugitive, where are you running?
Authors: Israel Paolo
Published: July 2024

D. Touam Bona, Fugitive, Where are you Running?, L. Hengehold (trans) (Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2023), 230 pp., ISBN: 978-1509551842 Fugitive, Where are you Running? is a collection of essays, most of which were previously published in French, by writer, philosopher and curator Dénètem Touam Bona. The author's inclination to straddle geographic and conceptual lines is reflected in the scope, exuberance and poetic verve of the volume. The first three chapters ('Return of the Maroni', 'The Art of the Fugue', 'Manhunt') lay the conceptual foundation by foregrounding categories of marronage, fugitivity and fugue. The fugitive slave is presented as the figure that haunts the establishment of capitalist modernity and the only possible 'line of flight' from it. The fugue is the art of subtle evasion from the prisons of racialised capitalism and an alternative to the triumphalist politics of armed liberation struggles. Touam Bona proposes an impressionistic, rhapsodic and allegorical travel through the various incarnations of the maroon community - with its spontaneous and horizontal modes of organisation and accretion - and capitalism's death drive to surveil and suppress them. The following two chapters track the iterations and repression of fugitivity in the present, by engaging with technologies of migrant surveillance at the border ('Heroic Land', which mixes critique and fiction) and the space of Mayotte, a French department in the heart of the Indian Ocean, increasingly securitised and excised from the histories of flux that characterise this region ('The Impossibility of an Island'). The sixth chapter ('Cosmo-poetics of the Refuge') returns to the book's central theme of the maroon rebellion, connecting it to Afro-diasporic spirituality and performance. The final extended chapter ('Liana Dreaming') turns to environmental concerns, by foregrounding the figure of the liana as the point of resistance to colonial penetration and weapon of maroon resistance. In Caribbean cultures, the liana and the vine bring together collective bodies and communities. Against colonial tropes of taming, erasure and penetration, the power of the forest itself generates plant-induced visions of unsubmission.
Cold War Liberation: The Soviet Union and the Collapse of the Portuguese Empire in Africa, 1961-7
Authors: Kona Bongani
Published: July 2024

Natalia Telepneva, Cold War Liberation: The Soviet Union and the Collapse of the Portuguese Empire in Africa, 1961-1975 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2021), 302pp., ISBN: 978-1-4696-6586-3 This absorbing account of relations between the Soviet Union and the leaders of anticolonial movements fighting to liberate Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau from Portuguese rule in the 1960s and 1970s is in part the fruit of Natalia Telepneva's doctoral dissertation under the supervision of Odd Arne Westad,1 whose own work looms large in the historiography of the Cold War. The book opens like a spy thriller with a Soviet military plane landing in Luanda on the day Agostinho Neto, leader of the Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (MPLA), is set to be inaugurated as the first president of independent Angola. On board the An-12 is an intelligence officer by the name of Boris Putilin, 'whose job had been to coordinate arms transfers from the Soviet Union'2 to the MPLA. Putilin is almost shot at by an Angolan solider but is rescued in time to attend the inauguration by the chief of airport security.
El impacto de la pandemia en las finanzas de las grandes industrias manufactureras
Authors: Merelo Cedeño Melissa Madeline ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Vargas Cercado Isaura María , Issa Morales Ericka Helena ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: July 2024

La crisis sanitaria y las medidas implementadas para contenerla tuvieron un impacto significativo en el ámbito económico mundial y, específicamente, en las industrias manufactureras. Fue necesario analizar cómo evolucionó la posición financiera de este sector a través de los periodos antes, durante y después de la pandemia por COVID-19, teniendo en cuenta variables relevantes como la liquidez, el endeudamiento, la gestión y la rentabilidad.
Los vehículos eléctricos y su impacto en el sistema eléctrico de distribución: Caso de estudio “Alimentador urbano de la ciudad de Portoviejo”
Authors: Zavala-Tubay Arturo , Pico-Mera Hugo , Pico-Mera Gabriel
Published: July 2024

In Portoviejo, the current use of electric vehicles (EVs) is limited compared to conventional vehicles. However, due to the implementation of laws, regulations, and policies promoting electric mobility in Ecuador, a significant increase in the integration of EVs into the city's electrical system is anticipated in the coming years. To anticipate the impact on the electrical infrastructure, a simulation is conducted using CYMDIST software on an electrical distribution feeder operated by the Public Company Corporación Nacional de Electricidad (CNEL EP), Manabí Business Unit (Portoviejo). The simulation considers three scenarios projected for 2030: 1. Baseline scenario without EV integration, 2. Unrestrained EV integration, and 3. Managed EV integration. This research aims to simulate the integration of up to 230 EVs into the network to provide benchmark data for understanding the potential impacts on the feeder as EV adoption increases, with vehicles being charged over extended periods. The investigation will highlight the importance of demand management with EV integration, demonstratingsignificant effects on the demand curve, voltage profile, and total harmonic distortion rate (THD%) of a 13.8 kV distribution feeder.
Análisis experimental de la cinemática en la colisión elástica entre dos cuerpos durante el tiempo de contacto
Authors: Arcos Villagómez Suyana , Álvaro Pillalaza Santiago , Rivera Gálvez Xavier , Michelena Rosero César , Camacho Cañar Emilse
Published: July 2024

The elastic collision between two bodies is a fleeting event challenging to observe due to its infinitesimally short contact time, usually lasting mere hundredths or even thousandths of a second. This brief duration poses significant challenges for accurately measuring velocities and impulsive forces and establishing representative functions. Consequently, this study aims to address these challenges. Experimental measurements of velocity, acceleration, and force changes during the contact period are crucial for validating theoretical models and functions that accurately represent the dynamics of collisions under realistic conditions. These measurements are critical in optimizing the activation response of airbag and restraint systems in vehicles and are fundamental in reconstructing physical scenarios of accidents. The experiments were conducted in a practical computer-assisted laboratory, utilizing wireless sensors embedded within the test vehicles and positioned on a low-friction track. The collision setup was designed to be horizontal and frontal, ensuring that the bodies involved did not undergo permanent deformations. The primary methodology adopted in this analysis integrates both quantitative and qualitative approaches, focusing on collecting and analyzing numerical data to identify patterns and establish mathematical relationships between variables. This integrated approach offers a more comprehensive understanding of the kinematics of colliding vehicles during the contact period.
Distribution of woodpecker species (aves: picidae) in the Magasbakony landscape protection area
Authors: Bruckner Attila , Ónodi Gábor , Winkler Dániel
Published: July 2024

The several thousand hectares of nearly contiguous forests of the Bakony Hills, located in the middle of Transdanubia, are suitable habitats for all nine species of woodpeckers found in Hungary. In addition to literature work, field surveys were carried out to investigate the distribution of the species and the habitat types of the occurrences. During the research, it has been proven that the Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) is the most common woodpecker species in Bakony Hills, followed by the Black Woodpecker (Dryocopus martius), the Grey-faced Woodpecker (Picus canus) and the Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Leiopicus medius). The density of White-backed Woodpeckers (Dendrocopos leucotos) in the study area was surprisingly high.
Brain regions differences in amyloid-β and gene expression in early APP/PS1 mice and identification of Npas4 as a key molecule in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Niya , Zhao Zhong , Wang Xiaoyan , Chen Xinzhang , Jiang Fengwen , Tan Yahong , Chen Wenli , Meng Qiang
Published: July 2024

Distinct brain regions are differentially affected during the various stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the hippocampus and cortex are known to play significant roles, the involvement of the cerebellum has received less attention. Understanding the changes in diverse brain regions is essential to unravel the neuropathological mechanism in early-stage AD. Our research aimed to explore and compare amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology and gene expression profiles across the hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum in the early stages of the Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin-1 (APP/PS1) mouse model. By 7 months of age, significant Aβ plaque accumulation was observed in the hippocampus and cortex of APP/PS1 mice, while no such deposits were found in the cerebellum. Gene expression analysis revealed predominant effects on immune response pathways in the hippocampus and cortex. Even in the absence of Aβ deposition, notable gene expression changes were observed in the cerebellum of APP/PS1 mice. Intriguingly, Neuronal PAS Domain protein 4 (Npas4) expression was consistently down-regulated across all brain regions, independent of Aβ plaque presence. Our findings reveal distinct transcriptomic alterations and Aβ pathology in select cerebral regions during the initial phase of AD. Notably, the diminished expression of the Npas4 across three brain regions implies that Npas4 could play a pivotal role in the early pathogenesis of AD.
Mineralogy of Lateritic Weathering Profiles Developed on the Rocks under a Sub-equatorial Monsoon Climate: Case of the Bambouto Mountains
Authors: Bertille Ilalie Manefouet Kentsa , Véronique Kamgang Kabeyene , Armand Wouatong , Katte Valentine
Published: July 2024

The main objective of this work is to make a comparative assessment of the mineralogy on weathering profiles resulting from the alteration of the different rocks in an equatorial microclimate of altitude. This was carried out in the lower flank of the southern slope of the Bambouto Mountains. Mineralogical analysis and normative restructuring have given very interesting results on the profiles, between the basement rocks and the surface/cover rocks. Given that the alteration pathways of the basement rocks are different, they are similar within the zone of containment and potential leaching. Meanwhile, the cover rocks vary from one domain to another: virtual weathering, potential confinement, potential and virtual weathering, and induration. The alterological activity is very intense in the profile on trachybasalt. The predominant weathering processes in all cases are allitization and monosialitization, which are marked by a singular phenomenon of ferrolysis. The characteristic minerals of this profile are kaolinite and diopside. The weathering profile on biotite and hornblende granitoid is not very differentiated and is particularly rich in quartz (max: 40 weight-%) and microcline (max: 40 weight-%). The soils developed on granitoid, adopt elastic-fragile deformation to elastoplastics with sharp break in relation to the load applied. The alteration profile on orthogneiss is poorly differentiated, and thin, with a low degree of alteration. Hydrolytic alteration by monosiallitization marked this profile. This is particularly rich in quartz (max: 100 weight-%) and kaolinite (max: 57 weight-%). The profile on anatexite is particularly rich in quartz (max: 66 weight-%) and kaolinite (max: 40 weight-%). The normative restructuring confirmed over 98 weight-% of the various minerals obtained and thus made it possible to better characterize the alteration and its application in geotechnics. These soils constitute potential deposits of chromatogenic minerals: kaolinite, hematite, goethite, gibbsite, magnetite, biotite.
Beyond Cognitive Empathy: Suggestions for Strengthening Medical Students’ Empathy
Authors: Lee Youngjoon
Published: July 2024

A physician’s empathy plays a crucial role in patient-centered care, and in modern medicine, patients, their caregivers, and society demand a high level of empathy from healthcare providers. The conceptualization of clinical empathy, which has emphasized cognitive empathy since the mid-20th century, has been widely accepted in medical schools and the healthcare industry without much critical reflection. This study provides an overview of the ongoing debates on empathy versus sympathy and cognitive empathy versus affective empathy to clarify the concept of empathy. Based on recent research findings, clinical empathy is proposed to encompass three components: cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and empathic motivation. It is suggested that fully demonstrating these components requires empathic communication skills. Additionally, the cognitive characteristics of medical students and the features of the academic environment demonstrate the need for education to strengthen their empathy skills. Considering this, proposed intervention methods that medical schools can consider include utilizing tutoring programs and debriefing processes for team activities, which can facilitate problem-solving as a coping strategy for stress. Learning communities can create an environment where students can receive social support and recover from stress. Medical schools can contribute to the development of students' professional identities as practicing clinicians who embody empathy and respect by cultivating professors as positive role models. Additionally, utilizing scales to assess the empathic nature of doctor-patient communication or incorporating patients and caregivers as evaluators can actively improve empathic communication skills.
The Effects of Medical Students’ Traits and College Life on Academic Failure Mediated by Mental Health
Authors: Lee Garam , Hwang Il-Seon , Jung Sung-Won , Kim Soongu
Published: July 2024

This study utilized cohort data, student lifestyle surveys, and mental health examination results from a medical school to investigate the impact of factors such as hometown, alcohol use, smoking, university life adaptation, and aptitude on academic failure, with mental health serving as a mediator. We analyzed data from 409 of the 549 incoming students at Keimyung University School of Medicine, excluding 140 individuals with missing data, from the academic years 2015 to 2021. Significant differences were found according to hometown in feelings of depression, suicidal tendencies, and internet addiction. There were also significant differences based on university life adaptation in feelings of depression, suicidal tendencies, and internet addiction, as well as significant differences according to academic aptitude in feelings of depression and internet addiction. Academic failure showed significant differences based on hometown, university life adaptation, and academic aptitude. Furthermore, students’ hometown had a complete mediating effect on academic failure together with feelings of depression, suicidal tendencies, and internet addiction. University life adaptation exhibited a complete mediating effect with suicidal tendencies and a partial mediating effect with feelings of depression and internet addiction. Academic aptitude demonstrated partial mediating effects on feelings of depression, suicidal tendencies, and internet addiction. Based on these results, we suggest establishing counseling programs tailored to the characteristics of medical students, and various programs for university life adaptation are necessary. There is also a need for diverse programs not only for clinical training, but also for different career paths.
An Investigation Into English Learners’ Speech Acts Using a Semi-Automatic Annotation Tool
Authors: Pan Zhaoyi
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the speech acts most frequently performed by learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) through the Dialogue Annotation and Research Tool (DART), a semi-automatic annotation tool. The study used learner corpus research and an English as the first language (L1) speaker corpus as a reference to compare the speech acts performed by the EFL learners. The study involved 90 EFL learners of four nationalities. A spoken learner corpus was built with the dyadic interlanguage English conversation register. The most frequently performed speech acts were generally different for the English L1 speakers and the EFL learners. The speech acts labeled as correctSelf, referProcess, expressNonAwareness, and stateReason were in the top 10 for EFL learners, whereas they were not in the top 10 for the English L1 speakers. This difference was caused by three factors: the English proficiency of the EFL learners, the frequently used formulaic phrases, and the task requirements. Moreover, the corpus annotation has a problem with unrecognized speech acts, primarily due to the redundancies and fragments in the learner discourses. The findings of this study reveal the complementary relationship between grammatical and pragmatic performances.
The Attitudes of Chinese College Students Towards Utilizing Blended Learning to Enhance Their English Speaking Skills
Authors: Su Dongying , Sazalli Nurhasmiza
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of Chinese college students toward using a blended learning approach to enhance their English speaking skills. Participants include 105 non-English major students from a regular university in western China. A quantitative analysis was conducted based on the data from a designed questionnaire. The findings identify the majority of students were satisfied with using the blended learning approach during the courses to improve their English-speaking skills. Furthermore, most students showed a preference for using blended learning in future English-speaking learning because of its user-friendliness, flexibility in terms of time and location, access to self-directed learning, and diverse teaching resources. The study further demonstrated the successful and effective implementation of blended learning in English-speaking instruction as part of an educational reform process in a regular university in Western China. The researcher attempted to provide some tips to enhance blended English-speaking learning including diversified instructional designs, increased teacher-student interaction, the active use of spoken English in the classroom, practice opportunities outside of class, and the dissemination of rich oral language learning resources.
The Languages of Men and Women in Indigenous Villages
Authors: Kasni Ni Wayan , Budiarta I. Wayan , Suarjaya A. A. Gede
Published: July 2024

In indigenous villages, distinct language features of men and women exist. The linguistic features of men’s and women’s languages are unique because the villages have unique cultures. This research was conducted in Tenganan Pegringsingan village and Penglipuran village. The research method applied was descriptive-qualitative, in which the data were collected through recordings and structured interviews. The results of the analysis show that in conversations amongst men, the topics that emerged were ngayah meratengan (cooking together without payment), perarem (village regulations), money, and responsibility. Meanwhile, in discussions amongst women, the topic that emerged was the lottery club. Regarding intonation, men and women showed differences in using tag questions. Furthermore, differences in the lexicons associated with men and women emerged. In the selection of sentence types, men predominantly used tag questions, while women predominantly used super-polite forms. Men tended to be more direct, while women preferred to be more circumlocutory before conveying the main utterance. In the dominance of conversation between men and women, it was found that men dominated in taking turns to speak and led the topic of conversation.
The most common forms of cancer and oncogenic papillomaviruses
Authors: Volgareva G. M.
Published: July 2024

Breast, prostate, lung as well as colorectal carcinomas belong to leading positions in the world cancer incidence and mortality rankings. They make up about 40 % of newly diagnosed cancers. Connection of these cancers with oncogenic human papilloma viruses (HPVs) is being examined intensively, however it remains subject for discussion. Basing on case-control meta-analyses data were examined on oncogenic HPV detection in clinical samples of breast, prostate, lung and colorectal carcinomas. Findings on HPV genome activities were summarized. The results available prove to oncogenic HPVs as risk factors of the four enumerated above carcinomas.
Molecular classifications of gastric cancer and their clinical potential
Authors: Nemtsova M. V. , Molchanov A. D. , Kuznetsova E. B. , Bure I. V.
Published: July 2024

Gastric cancer if the 5th most common oncological disease in the world and one of the leading causes of death associated with this pathology. In clinical practice, the Lauren classification is widely used for gastric cancer characterization, but it does not provide accurate information on tumor progression and does not allow to select the optimal therapeutic approach. More modern tumor typologies, for example proposed by the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), are based on profiling of molecular changes in the tumor genome. Currently, several new classifications exist dividing gastric cancer into groups depending on response to different treatment, for example, checkpoint inhibitors or therapy based on activity of pathological pathways associated with immunity, DNA repair, oncogenic and stromal signatures. The proposed typologies improve diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. The review describes currently available classifications of gastric tumors and considers their practical potential.
Modern approaches in suicidal gene therapy of malignant neoplasms
Authors: Dudkina E. V. , Ulyanova V. V. , Ilinskaya O. N.
Published: July 2024

One of the promising directions in antitumor therapy is suicidal gene therapy based on the introduction of cytotoxic genes into tumor cells. Most often, these genes encode for enzymes of bacterial or viral origin, capable of direct or indirect killing of tumor cells. This review provides information about modern strategies for suicidal cancer gene therapy, discusses their advantages and disadvantages, and analyzes the properties of a potential candidate for creating a new highly effective suicidal system, combining the advantages of existing approaches.
Potential to use of viral reverse transcriptase inhibitors in oncology
Authors: Vlasova O. A. , Antonova I. A. , Magomedova Kh. M. , Usolkina M. A. , Kirsanov K. I. , Belitsky G. A. , Valiev T. T. , Yakubovskaya M. G.
Published: July 2024

In preparing the review, articles on the functioning of the reverse transcriptase enzyme of endogenous repeat sequences LINE1, the mechanisms of action and antitumor activity of viral reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Articles available in the biomedical literature information databases SciVerse Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Russian Science CitationIndex (RSCI) were analyzed. The review used information from 140 publications, of which 95 and 39 were published, respectively, over the last ten and three years, 2 articles present the results of clinical studies, and 45 articles refer to results demonstrating the anticancer properties of the studied compounds in various models in vitro and in vivo.

   Aim. Based on data on the functional properties of the reverse transcriptase enzyme of endogenous repeat sequences LINE1 (long interspersed nuclear elements 1), analyze the potential use of viral reverse transcriptase inhibitors in oncology, presenting their classification and main mechanisms of action.

   About 98 % of the human genome consists of repetitive sequences, most of which are represented by mobil genetic elements, the activation of which leads to increased genome instability. These include long (LINE) and short (SINE) interspersed nuclear element repeated DNA sequences interspersed nuclear elements, respectively, which occupy about 45 % of the human genome. Increased expression levels of these sequences in the genome have been identified in many forms of malignant neoplasms. Their transposition occurs due to the expression of LINE1-encoded reverse transcriptase, whichis homologous to viral reverse transcriptase. To date, reverse transcriptase inhibitors of viruses of nucleoside and non-nucleoside structure have been developed and are successfully used in the clinic. These drugs demonstrate an inhibitory effect on both LINE1 reverse transcriptase and telomerase, which provides the tumor cell with the ability to overcome replicative senescence. Due to these properties, these compounds are expected to exhibit both their own antitumor activity and increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to the therapy of malignant neoplasms, which is experimentally confirmed in models of malignant tumors in vitro and in vivo. Use of reverse transcriptase inhibitors in combination therapy seems advisable both to prevent further genome rearrangements caused by LINE1 and to suppress the survival of tumor cells by inhibiting telomerase activity.
The Role of Psychodiagnostics in Predicting the Professional Success of the Heads of the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Rus-sian Federation
Authors: Vakhnina V.V. , Reutova V.I.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the problem prediction of the professional success of the personality of the head of the internal affairs bodies. The features of the establishment of predictors of professional success of the heads of internal affairs bodies, which allow predicting their success, are revealed. The professional success of the head of the internal affairs bodies is being investigated as a set of personal qualities related to objective indicators that ensure effective management of their activities. The personal resources of the head are identified, which, when carrying out professional activities that require high psychophysiological endurance, specific psychological qualities and skills, contribute to their success. The authors present an algorithm for forecasting and improving the effectiveness of managerial activities of the head, since the use of psychodiagnostics in predicting the success of the leadership of the law enforcement system is one of the most important tasks. Psychodiagnostic indicators of the success of managers are revealed at the stage of professional psychological selection, in the process of training and placement of personnel.