bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A high-risk retinoblastoma subtype with stemness features, dedifferentiated cone states and neuronal/ganglion cell gene expression
Authors: Liu Jing , Ottaviani Daniela , Sefta Meriem , Desbrousses Céline , Chapeaublanc Elodie , Aschero Rosario , Sirab Nanor , Lubieniecki Fabiana , Lamas Gabriela , Tonon Laurie , Dehainault Catherine , Hua Clément , Fréneaux Paul , Reichman Sacha , Karboul Narjesse , Biton Anne , Mirabal-Ortega Liliana , Larcher Magalie , Brulard Céline , Arrufat Sandrine , Nicolas André , Elarouci Nabila , Popova Tatiana , Némati Fariba , Decaudin Didier , Gentien David , Baulande Sylvain , Mariani Odette , Dufour Florent , Guibert Sylvain , Vallot Céline , Rouic Livia Lumbroso-Le , Matet Alexandre , Desjardins Laurence , Pascual-Pasto Guillem , Suñol Mariona , Catala-Mora Jaume , Llano Genoveva Correa , Couturier Jérôme , Barillot Emmanuel , Schaiquevich Paula , Gauthier-Villars Marion , Stoppa-Lyonnet Dominique , Golmard Lisa , Houdayer Claude , Brisse Hervé , Bernard-Pierrot Isabelle , Letouzé Eric , Viari Alain , Saule Simon , Sastre-Garau Xavier , Doz François , Carcaboso Angel M. , Cassoux Nathalie , Pouponnot Celio , Goureau Olivier , Chantada Guillermo , de Reyniès Aurélien , Aerts Isabelle , Radvanyi François
Published: September 2021

Retinoblastoma is the most frequent intraocular malignancy in children, originating from a maturing cone precursor in the developing retina. Little is known on the molecular basis underlying the biological and clinical behavior of this cancer. Here, using multi-omics data, we demonstrate the existence of two retinoblastoma subtypes. Subtype 1, of earlier onset, includes most of the heritable forms. It harbors few genetic alterations other than the initiating RB1 inactivation and corresponds to differentiated tumors expressing mature cone markers. By contrast, subtype 2 tumors harbor frequent recurrent genetic alterations including MYCN-amplification. They express markers of less differentiated cone together with neuronal/ganglion cell markers with marked inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. The cone dedifferentiation in subtype 2 is associated with stemness features including low immune and interferon response, E2F and MYC/MYCN activation and a higher propensity for metastasis. The recognition of these two subtypes, one maintaining a cone-differentiated state, and the other, more aggressive, associated with cone dedifferentiation and expression of neuronal markers, opens up important biological and clinical perspectives for retinoblastomas.
A novel lncRNA Discn fine-tunes replication protein A (RPA) availability to promote genomic stability
Authors: Wang Lin , Li Jingzheng , Zhou Hu , Zhang Weidao , Gao Jing , Zheng Ping
Published: September 2021

RPA is a master regulator of DNA metabolism and RPA availability acts as a rate-limiting factor. While numerous studies focused on the post-translational regulations of RPA for its functions, little is known regarding how RPA availability is controlled. Here we identify a novel lncRNA Discn as the guardian of RPA availability in stem cells. Discn is induced upon genotoxic stress and binds to neucleolin (NCL) in the nucleolus. This prevents NCL from translocation into nucleoplasm and avoids undesirable NCL-mediated RPA sequestration. Thus, Discn-NCL-RPA pathway preserves a sufficient RPA pool for DNA replication stress response and repair. Discn loss causes massive genome instability in mouse embryonic stem cells and neural stem/progenigor cells. Mice depleted of Discn display newborn death and brain dysfunctions due to DNA damage accumulation and associated inflammatory reactions. Our findings uncover a key regulator of DNA metabolism and provide new clue to understand the chemoresistance in cancer treatment.
Rad27 and Exo1 function in different excision pathways for mismatch repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Calil Felipe A. , Li Bin-Zhong , Torres Kendall A. , Nguyen Katarina , Bowen Nikki , Putnam Christopher D. , Kolodner Richard D.
Published: September 2021

Eukaryotic DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) involves redundant exonuclease 1 (Exo1)-dependent and Exo1-independent pathways, of which the Exo1-independent pathway(s) is not well understood. The exo1Δ440-702 mutation, which deletes the MutS Homolog 2 (Msh2) and MutL Homolog 1 (Mlh1) interacting peptides (SHIP and MIP boxes, respectively), eliminates the Exo1 MMR functions but is not lethal in combination with rad27Δ mutations. Analyzing the effect of different combinations of the exo1Δ440-702 mutation, a rad27Δ mutation and the pms1-A99V mutation, which inactivates an Exo1-independent MMR pathway, demonstrated that each of these mutations inactivates a different MMR pathway. Furthermore, it was possible to reconstitute a Rad27- and Msh2-Msh6-dependent MMR reaction in vitro using a mispaired DNA substrate and other MMR proteins. Our results demonstrate Rad27 defines an Exo1-independent eukaryotic MMR pathway that is redundant with at least two other MMR pathways.
Molecular basis for PICS-mediated piRNA biogenesis and cell division
Authors: Wang Xiaoyang , Zeng Chenming , Liao Shanhui , Zhu Zhongliang , Zhang Jiahai , Tu Xiaoming , Yao Xuebiao , Feng Xuezhu , Guang Shouhong , Xu Chao
Published: September 2021

By incorporating two mutually exclusive factors, PID-1 and TOST-1, C. elegans PICS complex plays important roles in piRNA biogenesis, chromosome segregation and cell division. We firstly map the interaction network between PICS subunits, then uncover the mechanisms underlying the interactions between PICS subunits by solving several complex structures, including those of TOFU-6/PICS-1, ERH-2/PICS-1, and ERH-2/TOST-1. Our biochemical experiment also demonstrates that PICS exists as an octamer consisting of two copies of each subunit. Combining structural analyses with mutagenesis experiments, we identify interfacial residues of PICS subunits that are critical for maintaining intact PICS complex in vitro. Furthermore, using genetics, cell biology and imaging experiments, we find that those mutants impairing the in vitro interaction network within PICS, also lead to dysfunction of PICS in vivo, including mislocalization of PICS, and reduced levels of piRNAs or aberrant chromosome segregation and cell division. Therefore, our work provides structural insights into understanding the PICS-mediated piRNA biogenesis and cell division.
Influence of storms on the emission of pollutants from sewage into waters
Authors: Suchowska-Kisielewicz Monika , Nowogoński Ireneusz
Published: September 2021

During heavy precipitation, chemical and biological pollutants from urban and agricultural areas enter the waters from storm overflows as a result of infiltration and inflow, as well as via uncontrolled outflows from water treatment plants. Infiltration and inflow of rainwater into sewers is an especially popular and major worldwide problem. Climate forecasts indicate changes in climatic conditions towards an increase in the intensity and frequency of torrential rainfalls. It may therefore be assumed that the negative impact of rainwater on water quality will increase. This article attempts to address the question of the impact of pollution from wastewater introduced into water during rainy weather to the receiver. The assessment of the impact of rainfalls on a receiver was carried out on the basis of a simulation of pollution loads from sewage introduced into a river by storm overflows based on data from monitoring the amount of rainfall and simulating the operation of storm overflows using Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM). The obtained results were compared with the pollutant loads discharged at the same time from the sewage treatment plant (STP). In addition, the article assesses possible improvement solutions to reduce the negative impact of storm overflows on water.
A pilot study shows the positive effects of continuous airway pressure for treating hypernasal speech in children with infantile-onset Pompe disease
Authors: Zeng Yin-Ting , Liu Wen-Yu , Torng Pao-Chuan , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Lee Ni-Chung , Lin Chun-Yi , Chien Yin-Hsiu
Published: September 2021

Children with infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) demonstrate hypernasality. This study aimed to evaluate whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) training may reduce hypernasality in children with IOPD. Five children with IOPD were enrolled in a single-subject experimental design of type A-B-A′. The intervention comprised an 8-week, 6-day-per-week regimen of CPAP training at home. Participants continued traditional speech therapy once per week throughout the 24-week study duration. The outcome measurements included the degree of hypernasality (DH), the percentage of consonants correct (PCC), and the speech intelligibility score (SIS). C-statistic analysis with an α of 0.05 was used along with visual analysis to assess speech changes. Three patients completed the study. During the CPAP training phase, the DH, PCC, and SIS were significantly improved compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). At the follow-up phase, both DH and SIS were improved compared with the baseline (p < 0.05), but the PCC had returned to the baseline level. CPAP training demonstrated effectiveness in reducing nasal sounds in IOPD patients. Further studies training younger children with normal hearing may help elucidate the persistence of the effects in children with IOPD.
A risk model for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer based on bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging in a Japanese cohort
Authors: Sakaguchi Kazushige , Hayashida Michikata , Tanaka Naoto , Oka Suguru , Urakami Shinji
Published: September 2021

Selective identification of men with clinically significant prostate cancer (sPC) is a pivotal issue. Development of a risk model for detecting sPC based on the prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) for bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) and clinical parameters in a Japanese cohort is expected to prove beneficial. We retrospectively analyzed clinical parameters and bpMRI findings from 773 biopsy-naïve patients between January 2011 and December 2016. A risk model was established using multivariate logistic regression analysis and presented on a nomogram. Discrimination of the risk model was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Statistical differences between the predictive model and clinical parameters were analyzed using DeLong test. sPC was detected in 343 men (44.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict sPC revealed age (P = 0.002), log prostate-specific antigen (P < 0.001), prostate volume (P < 0.001) and PI-RADS scores (P < 0.001) as significant contributors to the model. Area under the curve was higher for the risk model (0.862), than for age (0.646), log prostate-specific antigen (0.652), prostate volume (0.697) or imaging score (0.822). DeLong test results also showed that the novel risk model performed significantly better than those parameters (P < 0.05). This novel risk model performed significantly better compared with PI-RADS scores and other parameters alone, and is thus expected to prove beneficial in making decisions regarding biopsy on suspicion of sPC.
Time-lapse monitoring of fertilized human oocytes focused on the incidence of 0PN embryos in conventional in vitro fertilization cycles
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuya , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Ishii Kumiko , Sato Asuka , Nakamura Natsuko , Saito Yoshiko , Hasegawa Hisataka , Fujita Maki , Mitsuhashi Akira , Shozu Makio
Published: September 2021

We aimed to investigate why the incidence of embryos derived from oocytes with no pronuclei (0PN) decreases using time-lapse monitoring (TLM) versus fixed-point assessment in conventional IVF cycles. We analyzed 514 embryos monitored with TLM 6–9 h after insemination and 144 embryos monitored using microscopic assessment 18–21 h after insemination. The primary endpoint of this study was the incidence of 0PN-derived embryos in short insemination followed by TLM. The secondary endpoint was the duration of insemination. As exploratory endpoints, we analyzed the blastulation rate and cryo-warmed blastocyst transfer outcome of embryos with early PN fading, whereby PN disappeared within < 20 h following the initiation of insemination. The incidence of 0PN-derived embryo reduced more significantly through TLM than through fixed-point observation. The microscopic assessment time was more significantly delayed in the 0PN-derived embryo than that in the 2PN-derived embryo. The embryo with early PN fading formed good-quality blastocysts, and their pregnancy outcomes were similar to those of other embryos. Most 0PN-derived embryos in the fixed-point assessment might have resulted from missed observation of PN appearance in the early-cleaved embryos. TLM or strict laboratory schedule management may reduce 0PN-derived embryos by reducing missed PN observations.
Expression quantitative trait loci for ETV4 and MEOX1 are associated with adult asthma in Japanese populations
Authors: Yatagai Yohei , Oshima Hisayuki , Sakamoto Tohru , Shigemasa Rie , Kitazawa Haruna , Hyodo Kentaro , Masuko Hironori , Iijima Hiroaki , Naito Takashi , Saito Takefumi , Hirota Tomomitsu , Tamari Mayumi , Hizawa Nobuyuki
Published: September 2021

ETS variant transcription factor 4 (ETV4) is a recently identified transcription factor that regulates gene expression-based biomarkers of asthma and IL6 production in an airway epithelial cell line. Given that ETV4 has not yet been implicated in asthma genetics, we performed genetic association studies of adult asthma in the ETV4 region using two independent Japanese cohorts (a total of 1532 controls and 783 cases). SNPs located between ETV4 and mesenchyme homeobox 1 (MEOX1) were significantly associated with adult asthma, including rs4792901 and rs2880540 (P = 5.63E−5 and 2.77E−5, respectively). The CC haplotype of these two SNPs was also significantly associated with adult asthma (P = 8.43E−7). Even when both SNPs were included in a logistic regression model, the association of either rs4792901 or rs2880540 remained significant (P = 0.013 or 0.007, respectively), suggesting that the two SNPs may have independent effects on the development of asthma. Both SNPs were expression quantitative trait loci, and the asthma risk alleles at both SNPs were correlated with increased levels of ETV4 mRNA expression. In addition, the asthma risk allele at rs4792901 was associated with increased serum IL6 levels (P = 0.041) in 651 healthy adults. Our findings imply that ETV4 is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, possibly through the heightened production of IL6.
Dopaminergic co-transmission with sonic hedgehog inhibits abnormal involuntary movements in models of Parkinson’s disease and L-Dopa induced dyskinesia
Authors: Malave Lauren , Zuelke Dustin R. , Uribe-Cano Santiago , Starikov Lev , Rebholz Heike , Friedman Eitan , Qin Chuan , Li Qin , Bezard Erwan , Kottmann Andreas H.
Published: September 2021

L-Dopa induced dyskinesia (LID) is a debilitating side effect of dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson’s Disease. The mechanistic underpinnings of LID remain obscure. Here we report that diminished sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in the basal ganglia caused by the degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons facilitates the formation and expression of LID. We find that the pharmacological activation of Smoothened, a downstream effector of Shh, attenuates LID in the neurotoxic 6-OHDA- and genetic aphakia mouse models of Parkinson’s Disease. Employing conditional genetic loss-of-function approaches, we show that reducing Shh secretion from dopamine neurons or Smoothened activity in cholinergic interneurons promotes LID. Conversely, the selective expression of constitutively active Smoothened in cholinergic interneurons is sufficient to render the sensitized aphakia model of Parkinson’s Disease resistant to LID. Furthermore, acute depletion of Shh from dopamine neurons through prolonged optogenetic stimulation in otherwise intact mice and in the absence of L-Dopa produces LID-like involuntary movements. These findings indicate that augmenting Shh signaling in the L-Dopa treated brain may be a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating the dyskinetic side effects of long-term treatment with L-Dopa.
Isochoric supercooled preservation and revival of human cardiac microtissues
Authors: Powell-Palm Matthew J. , Charwat Verena , Charrez Berenice , Siemons Brian , Healy Kevin E. , Rubinsky Boris
Published: September 2021

Low-temperature biopreservation and 3D tissue engineering present two differing routes towards eventual on-demand access to transplantable biologics, but recent advances in both fields present critical new opportunities for crossover between them. In this work, we demonstrate sub-zero centigrade preservation and revival of autonomously beating three-dimensional human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac microtissues via isochoric supercooling, without the use of chemical cryoprotectants. We show that these tissues can cease autonomous beating during preservation and resume it after warming, that the supercooling process does not affect sarcomere structural integrity, and that the tissues maintain responsiveness to drug exposure following revival. Our work suggests both that functional three dimensional (3D) engineered tissues may provide an excellent high-content, low-risk testbed to study complex tissue biopreservation in a genetically human context, and that isochoric supercooling may provide a robust method for preserving and reviving engineered tissues themselves.
A paintable ophthalmic adhesive with customizable properties based on symmetrical/asymmetrical cross-linking
Authors: Wei Changzheng , Song Jialin , Tan Haoqi
Published: September 2021

The performance of the PEG-PLL-Lys hydrogel can be customized easily by adjusting the ratio of symmetrical/asymmetrical crosslinking network. As a new paintable ophthalmic sealant provides higher usability and favorable sealing effect.
Luminescent lanthanide–macrocycle supramolecular assembly
Authors: Zhou Wei-Lei , Chen Yong , Lin Wenjing , Liu Yu
Published: September 2021

Macrocyclic compounds, including crown ether, cyclodextrin, cucurbituril and pillararene, bound to various specific guest molecules through various non-covalent interactions, can make the system multifunctional and endow system with intelligence.
Influence of the synthetic conditions on a formation of 1-D, 2-D and 3-D copper–chloride coordination polymers
Authors: Goreshnik Evgeny
Published: September 2021

Using the electrochemical synthesis and varying the solvents used, the amounts and ratios of starting reagents and the crystallization temperature, single crystals of new 1-D, 2-D and 3-D copper(i)-chloride salts of diprotonated dabco were prepared.
Structures and catalytic oxidative coupling reaction of four Co-MOFs modified with R-isophthalic acid (RH, OH and COOH) and trigonal ligands
Authors: Liu Qing , Zhang Lin-Yan , Bao Yu-Mei , Zhang Na , Zhang Jian-Yong , Xing Yuan-Yuan , Deng Wei , Liu Zhen-Jiang
Published: September 2021

Four Co-MOFs involving R-isophthalic acid and n-TBT ligands have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Co-MOF-4 exhibits excellent catalytic performance for the oxidative coupling reaction under solvent-free condition and an air atmosphere.
Correction: DNA origami nano-mechanics
Authors: Ji Jiahao , Karna Deepak , Mao Hanbin
Published: September 2021

Correction for ‘DNA origami nano-mechanics’ by Jiahao Ji et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00250c.
Reduced graphene oxide-decorated CdS/ZnO nanocomposites for photoreduction of hexavalent chromium and photodegradation of methylene blue
Authors: Lathe Ajay , Palve Anil M.
Published: September 2021

Graphene oxide decorated CdS and ZnO nanocomposites for waste water treatment and their plausible mechanism for photo-degradation and photo-reduction.
Solid-state 11B NMR studies of coinage metal complexes containing a phosphine substituted diboraanthracene ligand
Authors: Huynh Winn , Taylor Jordan W. , Harman W. Hill , Conley Matthew P.
Published: September 2021

Solid-state 11B NMR spectroscopy relates to the presence or absence of M → BR3 interactions in coinage metal complexes containing the diphosphino–diboraanthracene ligand.
Application of multi-isotope calibration to analysis of wine samples by ICP-MS
Authors: Wheal Matthew S. , Wilkes Eric N.
Published: September 2021

Analysis for trace (Cu, Fe, Sr, Zn) and ultra-trace (Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn) elements in table wines using the multi-isotope calibration technique was closely correlated with results measured by conventional external calibration with internal standards.
The role of size and nature in nanoparticle binding to a model lung membrane: an atomistic study
Authors: Singhal Ankush , Agur Sevink G. J.
Published: September 2021

Understanding the uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) by different types of cellular membranes plays a pivotal role in the design of NPs for medical applications and in avoiding adverse effects that result in nanotoxicity.
A fast phosphate colorimetric sensor based on MoS2/UiO-66 (Fe/Zr) nanocomposites as oxidase-/peroxidase-like nanoenzymes
Authors: Zhu Baocan , Zhao Fengyang , Hao Pingping , Yu Hongguan , Jiang Renxia , Liu Qingyun , Liu Zhenxue
Published: September 2021

According to the excellent peroxidase activity of MoS2/UiO-66(Fe/Zr) as well as specific recognition towards phosphate (Pi), a fast cheap colorimetric sensing platform has been established to determine phosphate.
Solvent effect on simple and high yield synthesis of polydichlorophosphazene precursor Cl3PNSiMe3
Authors: Çelebi Elif Büşra , Hacıvelioğlu Ferda
Published: September 2021

The effect of solvent polarity on the reaction of PCl5 with (Me3Si)2NH has been investigated and it is found that nonpolar solvents promote the formation of Cl3PNSiMe3, whereas the more polar chloroform gives unusual phosphazenes at room temperature.
Waste cigarette butt-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon as a non-mercury catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Jin Xin , Hao Yalei , Liu Chengxiang , Feng Hongbin , Li Xingyun , Zhu Yan , Zhou Yuxin , Song Yujiang , Hu Jiapeng
Published: September 2021

The development of advanced carbon materials as metal-free catalysts holds great importance for mercury catalyst replacement in acetylene hydrochlorination.
The ligand effect of atomically precise gold nanoclusters in tailoring catalytic properties
Authors: Li Shuohao , Tian Wenjiang , Liu Yuanyuan
Published: September 2021

This review highlights recent progress concerning the ligand effect of gold clusters in tailoring catalytic activity and selectivity, in order to guide the improvement of catalytic properties and design new gold clusters aimed at the demand in catalysis.
Radiofluorination of non-activated aromatic prosthetic groups for synthesis and evaluation of fluorine-18 labelled ghrelin(1–8) analogues
Authors: Childs Marina D. , Yu Lihai , Kovacs Michael S. , Luyt Leonard G.
Published: September 2021

The 18F-radiochemistry of non-activated arenes from iodonium ylide precursors was optimized to afford synthetic access to 18F-labelled ghrelin(1–8) analogues for targeted PET imaging of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a.
The visible-light-induced acylation/cyclization of alkynoates with acyl oximes for the construction of 3-acylcoumarins
Authors: Zhou Quan , Xiong Fang-Ting , Chen Pu , Xiong Bi-Quan , Tang Ke-Wen , Liu Yu
Published: September 2021

A nitrogen-centered radical-mediated carbon–carbon bond cleavage strategy for the construction of 3-acylcoumarins via the visible-light-induced cascade acylation/cyclization of alkynoates with acyl oxime compounds is reported.
Visible-light-promoted synthesis of secondary and tertiary thiocarbamates from thiosulfonates and N-substituted formamides
Authors: Bi Wen-Zhu , Zhang Wen-Jie , Li Zi-Jie , He Yuan-Hao , Feng Su-Xiang , Geng Yang , Chen Xiao-Lan , Qu Ling-Bo
Published: September 2021

Visible-light-promoted metal-free synthesis of secondary and tertiary thiocarbamates through direct thiolation of acyl C–H bonds with thiosulfonates at room temperature.
Silver(i)-catalyzed novel ipso-cycloaddition and retro-Friedel–Crafts reaction of ortho-hydroxyphenyl-substituted para-quinone methides
Authors: Zhuo Caiqi , Song Ran , Liu Zhanxu , Xiang Qirui , Yang Daoshan , Si Wen , Lv Jian
Published: September 2021

The Lewis acid AgPF6 was found to catalyze novel [2 + 2] ipso-cycloaddition and retro-Friedel–Crafts reaction of o-hydroxyphenyl-substituted p-quinone methides in the presence of H2O, affording the polysubstituted triarylmethanes in up to 97% yields.
Tissue-based metabolomics reveals metabolic signatures and major metabolic pathways of gastric cancer with help of transcriptomic data from TCGA
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Chen Wenchao , Li Kun , Wu Gang , Zhang Wei , Ma Peizhi , Feng Siqi
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to screen differential metabolites of gastric cancer (GC) and identify the key metabolic pathways of GC.

Methods: GC (n=28) and matched paracancerous (PC) tissues were collected, and LC-MS/MS analysis were performed to detect metabolites of GC and PC tissues. Metabolite pathways based on differential metabolites were enriched by MetaboAnalyst, and genes related to metabolite pathways were identified using the KEGGREST function of the R software package. Transcriptomics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of GC. Overlapping genes were acquired from metabonimics and transcriptomics data. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using String. The protein expression of genes was validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database.

Results: A total of 325 key metabolites were identified, 111 of which were differentially expressed between the GC and PC groups. Seven metabolite pathways enriched by MetaboAnalyst were chosen, and 361 genes were identified by KEGGREST. A total of 2831 DEGs were identified from the TCGA cohort. Of these, 1317 were down-regulated, and 1636 were up-regulated. Twenty-two overlapping genes were identified between genes related to metabolism and DEGs. Glycerophospholipid (GPL) metabolism is likely associated with GC, of which AGPAT9 and ETNPPL showed lower expressed in GC tissues.

Conclusions: We investigated the tissue-based metabolomics profile of GC, and several differential metabolites were identified. GPL metabolism may affect on progression of GC.
Time‐iteration‐domain integrated learning control for robust trajectory tracking and disturbance rejection: With application to a PMLSM
Authors: Liu Weike , Xu Yunlang , Ding Runze , Shu Feng , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2021

Iterative learning control (ILC) has been widely used to improve motion performance when reference trajectories and external disturbances are strictly repetitive. However, the occurrence of non‐repetitive trajectories and disturbances would significantly deteriorate the performance of traditional ILC methods. To solve this problem, a time‐iteration‐domain integrated learning control (TIDLC) scheme is proposed for enhancing robustness against non‐repetitive trajectories and disturbances. The TIDLC scheme consists of an ILC term and a time‐domain compensator (TC) term. While the ILC term that performs learning in the iteration‐domain preserves excellent performance under repetitive tasks, the TC term that is updated in the time‐domain can compensate for the variations of trajectories and disturbances. Stability and performance analyses are discussed in both the time‐domain and iteration‐domain. Experimental results on a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) positioning system verify the validity of the proposed scheme.
Underwater image enhancement via LBP‐based attention residual network
Authors: Huang ZhiXiong , Li Jinjiang , Hua Zhen
Published: September 2021

Owing to the influence of light absorption and scattering in underwater environments, underwater images exhibit color deviation, low contrast and detail blur, and other degradations. This paper proposes an underwater image enhancement method combining a residual convolution network, local binary pattern (LBP), and self‐attention mechanism. The LBP operator processes the input underwater images. The LBP feature images and underwater images thus obtained constitute the network input. The network consists of three modules: a color correction module to remove the color deviation in underwater images, detail repair module to restore the integrity of details, and an LBP auxiliary enhancement module for global enhancement of image details. The correction and repair modules generate the correct color image and detailed supplement images, respectively. The final‐result image is obtained by superpositioning the two generated images. The experimental results confirm that our method can reproduce the bright colors and complete details of the visual effect, showing a significant improvement over other advanced methods in quantitative evaluation.
Switchback-like structures observed by Solar Orbiter
Authors: Fedorov A. , Louarn P. , Owen C. J. , Horbury T. S. , Prech L. , Durovcova T. , Barthe A. , Rouillard A. P. , Kasper J. C. , Bale S. D. , Bruno R. , O’Brien H. , Evans V. , Angelini V. , Larson D. , Livi R. , Lavraud B. , Andre N. , Genot V. , Penou E. , Mele G. , Fortunato V.
Published: September 2021

Context.Rapid polarity reversals of the radial heliospheric magnetic field were discovered by Ulysses and they are now frequently observed as a common near-Sun phenomenon by NASA’s Parker Solar Probe (PSP). Other solar wind missions, including ESA-NASA Solar Orbiter (SolO), also observe similar phenomena. The nature of these fluctuations is unclear, and the relation between the “switchbacks” observed near the Sun and similar events observed at 1 AU is unknown.

Aims.We make a detailed case study of the SolO plasma and magnetic field data obtained in a region that is magnetically connected to a coronal hole. We aim to check whether such fluctuations might have the same origin as the “switchbacks” observed by PSP.

Methods.We used PSP magnetic field and plasma data to support our analysis of SolO data. We used the magnetic field data, electron pitch angle distributions, proton velocity distribution functions, andα-particle parameters measured by SolO to perform a detailed analysis of the observed solar wind perturbations.

Results.On 27 September 2020, PSP and SolO were located around the same Carrington longitude and their latitudinal separation was very small. Solar wind plasma and magnetic field data during this time interval confirms that (at least at certain times) the solar wind observed by both spacecraft does originate from the same coronal hole region and that during these time intervals, SolO experiences several short variations similar to the “switchbacks” regularly observed by PSP.

Conclusions.The suprathermal electron pitch angle distributions andα-particle speed variations indicate that the magnetic field line was bent by 180° by solar wind velocity shear. Variations in electron and proton velocity distribution functions suggest that bent field lines reconnect with each other, producing flux ropes. The observed flux ropes might be the surviving and modified remains of the switchbacks created near Sun and observed by PSP.
Taking snapshots of the jet-ISM interplay: The case of PKS 0023–26
Authors: Morganti Raffaella , Oosterloo Tom , Tadhunter Clive , Bernhard Emmanuel P. , Raymond Oonk J. B.
Published: September 2021

We present high angular resolution (0.13–0.4 arcsec) ALMA CO(2–1) and 1.7 mm continuum observations of the far-infrared-bright galaxy PKS 0023−26 (z = 0.32), which hosts a young radio source as well as a luminous optical active galactic nucleus (AGN). Although young, the powerful radio source has already grown to a size of a few kiloparsec, making it potentially capable of affecting the interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy. We detect a very extended distribution of molecular gas with a mass between 0.3 and 3 × 1010 M⊙, depending on the XCO conversion factor. The gas has a maximum radial extent of ∼5 arcsec (24 kpc) from the nucleus and is distributed in an asymmetric structure offset from the radio galaxy and with a fairly smooth velocity gradient. At large radii, tails of gas are observed in the direction of companion galaxies, suggesting that tidal interactions may be responsible for the origin of the gas. Overall, the observed properties are reminiscent of the molecular structures observed in some galaxy clusters. However, in the inner few kiloparsec, across the entire extent of the radio continuum, the kinematics of the gas appears to be affected by the radio source. In the central, sub-kiloparsec region, we observe the brightest emission from the molecular gas and the broadest velocity profiles with a full width at zero intensity (FWZI) of ∼500 km s−1, which indicate that in this region a direct interaction of the jet with dense clouds and outflowing molecular gas is happening. On larger, kiloparsec-scales, the molecular gas appears to avoid the radio lobes, while gas with a somewhat smaller velocity dispersion (FWZI of ∼350 km s−1) is observed around the radio lobes. Thus, in these regions, the gas appears to be affected by the expanding cocoon surrounding the radio source, likely dispersing and heating preexisting molecular clouds. The observations suggest that the mode of coupling between radio jets and the ISM changes from an outflowing phase limited to the sub-kiloparsec region to a maintenance phase, excavating cavities devoid of dense gas, at larger radii. This reveals that, already on galaxy scales, the impact of the AGN is not limited to outflows. This is in accordance with predictions from numerical simulations. With a star-formation rate of 25 M⊙ yr−1, PKS 0023−26 is located on the SFR-M* relation for star forming galaxies. Thus, the AGN does not appear to have, at present, a major impact on the host galaxy in terms of the overall level of star-formation activity. However, as the jet and lobes expand throughout the galaxy in the coming few ×107 yr, they will carry enough energy to be able to prevent further gas cooling and/or to inject turbulence and thus affect future star formation.
Natural Convection in Tilted Rectangular Cavity subjected to TA
Authors: Benyoucef Djamila , Zeroual Mostefa , Ben Moussa Hocine
Published: September 2021

The present study investigates the spectral analysis for natural convection in a tilted rectangular cavity, lled with high Prandtl oil ”Pr =880” by the code CFD. A constant vertical temperature gradient has been performed by subjecting the horizontal walls to constant temperatures Th and Tc; respectively. Other walls are adiabatic except the left small sidewall is differentially heating with temperature TA creating the horizontal temperature gradient. The results are presented for different values of lateral heating and inclination angle. The spectral analysis is used to identify and show effects on the original oscillation of the natural convection by the various investigated parameters (TA and θ).
Heat transfer study of poly-c PV system integrated with phase change material under semi-arid area (Errachidia-Drâa Tafilalet)
Authors: Lamaamar Ibtissam , Tilioua Amine , Benzaid Zaineb , Ait Msaad Abdelouahed , Alaoui Moulay Ahmed Hamdi
Published: September 2021

The high operating temperature of the photovoltaic (PV) modules decreases significantly its efficiency. The integration of phase change material (PCM) is one of the feasible techniques for reducing the operating temperature of the PV module. A numerical simulation of the PV module with PCM and without PCM has been realized. The thermal behavior of the PV module was evaluated at the melting and solidification processes of PCM. The results show that the integration of RT35HC PCM with a thickness of 4 cm reduces the temperature of the PV module by 8 °C compared to the reference module. Compared the RT35 and RT35HC, we found that the latent heat has a significant effect on the PCM thermal comportment. Furthermore, it has been found that the thermal resistance of the layers plays an important role to dissipate the heat from the PV cells to the PCM layer, consequently improving the heat transfer inside the PV/PCM system.
Complex permittivity of FeSiAl/Al2O3 ceramic composite at X-band frequencies
Authors: Ouhassan Youssef , Bri Seddik , Habibi Mohamed
Published: September 2021

The objective of this paper is to extract and study the complex permittivity of the FeSiAl/Al2O3 ceramic composite at X-band frequencies. We studied by simulation the complex permittivity of four composites with FeSiAl content varying from 0% to 15% by volume in the alumina matrix. The influence of the FeSiAl content on the complex permittivity of the FeSiAl / Al2O3 composite was also studied. The results obtained show on the one hand that the complex permittivity depends on the frequency. Indeed, the values of the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity decrease with the increase in frequency over the entire frequency range in the X band. On the other hand, the high FeSiAl content has a significant impact on the values of the real and imaginary parts of complex permittivity. Higher values were obtained for composites with a high inclusion content. In this work, we obtained a good agreement between the simulation results and the published experimental results. These results indicate that the FeSiAl / Al2O3 composite can be used in applications as an electromagnetic wave absorbing material.
Modeling and simulation of complex flows using Basset digital filters
Authors: Lahboub D. , Bakak A. , Lotfi M. , Heyd R. , Koumina A.
Published: September 2021

Taking into account the Basset force (memory term), in the balance of the forces exerted on a colloidal particle (CP) suspended in a fluid, results in an equation of motion of integrodifferential form. This type of equation allows for example to modeling a colloidal particle settling in an quiescent fluid or in a fluid flowing at low particle’s Reynolds number. It also allows to study the transport of pathogens via aerosols, thus giving access to important information on the airborne propagation of respiratory viruses, such as COVID-19 and its variants for example.

Most studies of the PCs motion in a fluid are usually simplified by not taking into account the Basset memory force, as it considerably complicates the numerical solution of the equations of motion of these PCs. This simplification can lead to considerable errors in the evaluation of the trajectory and velocity of the PCs, which can subsequently lead to errors in the calculation of the physical and rheological properties of colloidal suspensions.

The present study deals with the numerical solution of Basset’s integro-differential equation, by two significantly different approaches, namely : a piecewise linear approximation (PLA) and the method of Basset numerical filters (BNF). These methods are first exposed and compared on test cases, they are then applied to the study of the sedimentation of spherical PCs with micrometer radii. This study has shown that the usual dynamics of PCs, which does not take into account the Basset memory term, can be very different from the exact dynamics using the Basset force. The BNF approach is finally applied to the study of the motion of PCs driven by flows through complex geometries (pipes, porous media, …).
Channel Identification of Non-linear Systems with Binary-Valued Output Observations Based on Positive Definite Kernels
Authors: Fateh Rachid , Darif Anouar , Safi Said
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, the kernel methods are increasingly developed, they are a significant source of advances, not only in terms of computational cost but also in terms of the obtained efficiencies in solving complex tasks, they are founded on the theory of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS). In this paper, we propose an algorithm for recursive identification of finite impulse response (FIR) nonlinear systems, whose outputs are detected by binary value sensors. This algorithm is based on a nonlinear transformation of the data using a kernel function. This transformation performs a basic change that allows the data to be projected into a new space where the relationships between the variables are linear. To test the accuracy of the proposed algorithm, we have compared it with another algorithm proposed in the literature, for that, we employ the practical frequency selective fading channel, called Broadband Radio Access Network (BRAN). Monte Carlo simulation results, in noisy environment and for various data length, demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can give better precision.
Theoretical Aspect of Physical Phenomena in Inorganic Photovoltaic Cells. Electrical Modeling and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Azza Mohammed , Daaif Jabran , Chahid Abd Elhadi , Salah Mohammed , Belaaouad Said
Published: September 2021

This work is based on the development of a theoretical model describing the drift and diffusion transport of photogenerated charge carriers and the impact of space charge on this transport in relation to the different physical phenomena characterizing the photovoltaic conversion in an inorganic silicon-based cell. In a second step, we used a numerical solution of the transport differential equations based on the Runge-Kutta algorithm in the framework of the finite difference method, This led us to an electrical model of the photovoltaic cell and of the photo-generated currents by RLC circuit equipped with a diode modeling the direction of electron and hole transport and allowed us to study the relations between the optical and electrical properties of the cell, as well as the influence of the different concentrations of impurities used for the n-type and p-type doping of the silicon on the properties of absorption of the light photons, the spectral response as well as the conductivity, the open-circuit potential and the short-circuit current.
A system for supply chain management of covid-19 vaccines using blockchain and bluetooth beacons network based traceability and verification
Authors: Atrey Geetansh , Jena Junali Jasmine , Acharya Biswa Ranjan
Published: September 2021

Ever since a novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan(China), things have changed to a large extent. It has shattered the entire world in all the possible sectors by its continuous spread. Scientists all around the world have put in in-numerous amount of efforts as a result of which the world has finally witnessed its some of the first potential vaccines which have got approvals for emergency use in various countries. Now the next crucial step that comes in this process of fighting this virus is the supply of vaccines to all the different parts of the world. But there are certain challenges to this process as vaccines need to be constantly monitored all the time for their temperatures, humidity and other environmental factors which vary a lot depending on the geographical conditions. Also, maintaining drug safety is the most important challenge as counterfeiting of vaccines and drugs has always been a concern for the pharmaceutical industry. Manual traceability for all the ingredients used during manufacturing is a very difficult process and doesn’t even give a full guarantee for the same. This can lead to serious health issues in the consumers and can even result in death. The power of Blockchain and it’s principle of proof of concept can deal with this problem by maintaining a record for all the events taking place in this process right from manufacturing to vaccinations in hospitals. BLE Beacons can also come very handy here as they are small, inexpensive and easy to use devices that can provide real time updates by tracking various parameters of the vaccine. This paper aims at suggesting an entire system of supply chain of vaccines using Blockchain based record, QR(Quick Response) Codes for vaccine safety and BLE Beacons network for real time tracking and news updates of the vaccines.
Automatic solution for solar cell photo-current prediction using machine learning
Authors: Azza Mohammed , Daaif Jabran , Aouidate Adnane , Chahid El Hadi , Belaaouad Said
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we discuss the prediction of future solar cell photo-current generated by the machine learning algorithm. For the selection of prediction methods, we compared and explored different prediction methods. Precision, MSE and MAE were used as models due to its adaptable and probabilistic methodology on model selection. This study uses machine learning algorithms as a research method that develops models for predicting solar cell photo-current. We create an electric current prediction model. In view of the models of machine learning algorithms for example, linear regression, Lasso regression, K Nearest Neighbors, decision tree and random forest, watch their order precision execution. In this point, we recommend a solar cell photocurrent prediction model for better information based on resistance assessment. These reviews show that the linear regression algorithm, given the precision, reliably outperforms alternative models in performing the solar cell photo-current prediction Iph
Approach for Improving User Interface Based on Gesture Recognition
Authors: Elmagrouni Issam , Ettaoufik Abdelaziz , Aouad Siham , Maizate Abderrahim
Published: September 2021

Gesture recognition technology based on visual detection to acquire gestures information is obtained in a non-contact manner. There are two types of gesture recognition: independent and continuous gesture recognition. The former aims to classify videos or other types of gesture sequences that only contain one isolated gesture instance in each sequence (e.g., RGB-D or skeleton data). In this study, we review existing research methods of visual gesture recognition and will be grouped according to the following family: static, dynamic, based on the supports (Kinect, Leap…etc), works that focus on the application of gesture recognition on robots and works on dealing with gesture recognition at the browser level. Following that, we take a look at the most common JavaScript-based deep learning frameworks. Then we present the idea of defining a process for improving user interface control based on gesture recognition to streamline the implementation of this mechanism.
Dr. Phish: Phishing Website Detector
Authors: Kumar Harish , Prasad Anshal , Rane Ninad , Tamane Nilay , Yeole Anjali
Published: September 2021

Phishing is a common attack on credulous people by making them disclose their unique information. It is a type of cyber-crime where false sites allure exploited people to give delicate data. This paper deals with methods for detecting phishing websites by analyzing various features of URLs by Machine learning techniques. This experimentation discusses the methods used for detection of phishing websites based on lexical features, host properties and page importance properties. We consider various data mining algorithms for evaluation of the features in order to get a better understanding of the structure of URLs that spread phishing. To protect end users from visiting these sites, we can try to identify the phishing URLs by analyzing their lexical and host-based features.A particular challenge in this domain is that criminals are constantly making new strategies to counter our defense measures. To succeed in this contest, we need Machine Learning algorithms that continually adapt to new examples and features of phishing URLs.