bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRL Mutation Causing Alactogenesis: Insights Into Prolactin Structure and Function Relationships
Authors: Moriwaki Mika , Welt Corrine K
Published: March 2021

Context

Isolated prolactin deficiency is a rare disorder manifesting as absence of puerperal lactation. We identified a 2-generation family with 3 women experiencing alactogenesis.

Objective

We hypothesized a heterozygous genetic mutation.

Methods

This was a family-based study. Two generations of women (proband, sister, and niece) with puerperal alactogenesis and one control were studied. Prolactin levels in the 3 women ranged from 0.618 to 1.4 ng/mL (range, 2.8-29.2 ng/mL). All the women had regular menstrual cycles during their reproductive years. The niece required fertility treatment to become pregnant and the proband and sister underwent menopause before age 45 years. Prolactin gene (PRL) exons 1 to 5 were sequenced. We sought a heterozygous, deleterious gene variant with functional consequences.

Results

We identified a heterozygous mutation (c.658C > T) changing CGA to TGA (p.Arg220Ter) in exon 5 of the prolactin gene. Transfection of PRL containing the stop gain mutation resulted in similar intracellular prolactin levels compared to PRL wild type, but little detectable immunoactive or bioactive prolactin in conditioned medium. Prolactin secretion was also impaired by a PRL stop gain mutation deleting both of the terminal cysteine amino acids (c.652A > T; p.Lys218Ter).

Conclusion

This is the first report of a PRL mutation causing familial prolactin deficiency and alactogenesis. The loss of the terminal cysteine resulted in failure of prolactin secretion. Secretion was not rescued by deleting the penultimate cysteine, with which it forms a disulfide bond. These data suggest that the PRL C terminal is critical for protein secretion.
Compounding Racialized Vulnerability: COVID-19 in Prisons, Jails, and Migrant Detention Centers
Authors: Denney Matthew G. T. , Valdez Ramon Garibaldo
Published: March 2021

Context: Carceral institutions are among the largest clusters of COVID-19 in the United States. In response, activists and detainees have rallied around decarceration demands: the release of detainees and inmates to prevent exposure to COVID-19. This article theorizes the compounding racial vulnerability that has led to such a marked spread behind bars, mainly among race-class subjugated (RCS) communities.

Methods: The authors provide an in-depth account of COVID-19 in American correctional facilities and the mobilization to reduce contagions. They also use two survey experiments to describe public support for harm reduction and decarceration demands and to measure the effects of information about racial inequalities in prison and poor conditions inside migrant detention centers.

Findings: The authors found only one-third to one-half of respondents believe that response to COVID-19 in prisons and immigrant detention centers should be a high priority. They also found Americans are more supportive of harm reduction measures than decarceration efforts. Information about racial disparities increases support decarceration. They did not find any significant effect of information about poor conditions in migrant detention centers.

Conclusions: The conditions in carceral institutions during the pandemic—and public opinion about them—highlight the realities of compounding racialized vulnerability in the United States.
Carbon dioxide and bicarbonate accumulation in caiman erythrocytes during diving
Authors: Bautista Naim M. , Damsgaard Christian , Fago Angela , Wang Tobias
Published: March 2021

The ability of crocodilian haemoglobins to bind HCO3– has been appreciated for more than half a century, but the functional implication of this exceptional mechanism has not previously been assessed in vivo. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to address the hypothesis that CO2 primarily binds to haemoglobin, rather than being accumulated in plasma as in other vertebrates, during diving in caimans. Here, we demonstrate that CO2 primarily accumulates within the erythrocyte during diving and that most of the accumulated CO2 is bound to haemoglobin. Furthermore, we show that this HCO3– binding is tightly associated with the progressive blood deoxygenation during diving; therefore, crocodilians differ from the classic vertebrate pattern, where HCO3– accumulates in the plasma upon excretion from the erythrocytes by the Cl–/HCO3– exchanger.
Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Molecular Architectures Utilizing Self-assembled Monolayers for Singlet Fission and Light Energy Conversion
Authors: Hasobe Taku
Published: March 2021

Organic-inorganic hybrid molecular architectures utilizing self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of organic chromophores (e.g., acene derivatives) are systematically discussed to examine the photophysical properties together with covalently-linked dimeric and oligomeric forms. Multi-exciton generation (i.e., singlet fission) and light energy conversion processes that occur in a reaction site composed of chemically modified organic chromophores on the surface of inorganic nanomaterials such as gold nanocluster, gold nanorod and quantum dot are described.
Bezold’s abscess secondary to os tympanicum cholesteatoma in Goldenhar syndrome
Authors: Minerva Matteo , Valeggia Silvia , Fusetti Stefano , Zanoletti Elisabetta , Manara Renzo , Brotto Davide
Published: March 2021

Objectives:

The diagnosis of Bezold’s abscess can be challenging especially when craniofacial malformations imply facial and cervical morphological asymmetries. In addition, craniofacial malformations might predispose to the occurrence and atypical diffusion pathways of suppurative processes originating from abnormally developed temporal bone structures.

Methods:

A 30-year-old female presented with a left laterocervical swelling, worsening over time. The female was affected by Goldenhar syndrome. CT and MRI were performed.

Results:

CT revealed a dysmorphic os tympanicum and a deep cervical abscess in continuity with its cavity. Drainage of the cervical abscess was performed but a subsequent brain MRI detected a large cholesteatoma that was removed with left lateral petrosectomy.

Conclusions:

Radiology has a crucial role in the diagnosis and planning of the treatment of Bezold’s abscesses, particularly in syndromic patients. MRI, in this case, helped in diagnosing the presence of the cholesteatoma and consequently appropriately approach the surgical removal.
The United Nations is grounded on the Westphalian state system. Throughout the de-colonizationperiod, the Organization ceased to be peculiar to the West only, and soon became the prevalent model in theentire globe. The Cold War also solidified and institutionalized the Westphalian State as the fundamentalprinciple in international relations. The end of the Cold War, however, along with the collapse of theEastern bloc, the challenges of peace and security in Africa, and the failure of the states in coping withhumanitarian crises increasingly made the three fundamental principles of Westphalian state, namely the“non-interventionism”, “sovereign-equality” and “territoriality” disputable among political scientists. Newapproaches and arguments on the end of the Classical Westphalian state and the emergence of a so-called“New Medieval Age” have widely been circulated. This paper alternatively suggests that, since the end of thecold war, the world politics has gradually and decisively been evolving into a system of states that could becalled Neo-Westphalian.
Authors: Buçukcu Öner
Published: March 2021

The United Nations is grounded on the Westphalian state system. Throughout the de-colonizationperiod, the Organization ceased to be peculiar to the West only, and soon became the prevalent model in theentire globe. The Cold War also solidified and institutionalized the Westphalian State as the fundamentalprinciple in international relations. The end of the Cold War, however, along with the collapse of theEastern bloc, the challenges of peace and security in Africa, and the failure of the states in coping withhumanitarian crises increasingly made the three fundamental principles of Westphalian state, namely the“non-interventionism”, “sovereign-equality” and “territoriality” disputable among political scientists. Newapproaches and arguments on the end of the Classical Westphalian state and the emergence of a so-called“New Medieval Age” have widely been circulated. This paper alternatively suggests that, since the end of thecold war, the world politics has gradually and decisively been evolving into a system of states that could becalled Neo-Westphalian.
Friendship and justice in Aristotle
Authors: Βεργούλη Βασιλική
Published: March 2021

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή περιέχει τρία κεφάλαια: 1. Δικαιοσύνη, 2. Ηδονή, 3. Φιλία. Τα τρία αυτά θέματα προσεγγίζονται υπό το πρίσμα της συνεισφοράς τους στην κατανόηση της πιο θεμελιώδους αρχής της πολιτικής επιστήμης, της ευδαιμονίας, που ταυτόχρονα είναι και το τέλος ή ο σκοπός στον οποίο στοχεύει η πρακτική γνώση. Παρά τις εντάσεις ανάμεσα στις δύο υποψήφιες για τον άριστο βίο, τη φρόνηση και τη σοφία, η ανάλυσή μου και στα τρία κεφάλαια εστιάζει στους τρόπους της αλληλοδιαπλοκής τους και στον τρόπο με τον οποίο καθορίζουν την οπτική του πράττοντος (πρωτοπρόσωπη οπτική) και την οπτική του θεατή (τριτοπρόσωπη οπτική), αντίστοιχα. Οι λεγόμενες πολιτικές αρετές παρέχουν το κατάλληλο έδαφος για την εξέταση των παραπάνω επιστημολογικών ζητημάτων λόγω της ταλάντευσης που παρουσιάζουν ανάμεσα στην πόλη, από την μία πλευρά, και στην ψυχή, από την άλλη.
An international virtual hackathon to build tools for the analysis of structural variants within species ranging from coronaviruses to vertebrates
Authors: Mc Cartney Ann M. , Mahmoud Medhat , Jochum Michael , Agustinho Daniel Paiva , Zorman Barry , Al Khleifat Ahmad , Dabbaghie Fawaz , K Kesharwani Rupesh , Smolka Moritz , Dawood Moez , Albin Dreycey , Aliyev Elbay , Almabrazi Hakeem , Arslan Ahmed , Balaji Advait , Behera Sairam , Billingsley Kimberley , L Cameron Daniel , Daw Joyjit , T. Dawson Eric , De Coster Wouter , Du Haowei , Dunn Christopher , Esteban Rocio , Jolly Angad , Kalra Divya , Liao Chunxiao , Liu Yunxi , Lu Tsung-Yu , M Havrilla James , M Khayat Michael , Marin Maximillian , Monlong Jean , Price Stephen , Rafael Gener Alejandro , Ren Jingwen , Sagayaradj Sagayamary , Sapoval Nicolae , Sinner Claude , C. Soto Daniela , Soylev Arda , Subramaniyan Arun , Syed Najeeb , Tadimeti Neha , Tater Pamella , Vats Pankaj , Vaughn Justin , Walker Kimberly , Wang Gaojianyong , Zeng Qiandong , Zhang Shangzhe , Zhao Tingting , Kille Bryce , Biederstedt Evan , Chaisson Mark , English Adam , Kronenberg Zev , J. Treangen Todd , Hefferon Timothy , Chin Chen-Shan , Busby Ben , J Sedlazeck Fritz
Published: March 2021

In October 2020, 62 scientists from nine nations worked together remotely in the Second Baylor College of Medicine & DNAnexus hackathon, focusing on different related topics on Structural Variation, Pan-genomes, and SARS-CoV-2 related research.  

The overarching focus was to assess the current status of the field and identify the remaining challenges. Furthermore, how to combine the strengths of the different interests to drive research and method development forward. Over the four days, eight groups each designed and developed new open-source methods to improve the identification and analysis of variations among species, including humans and SARS-CoV-2. These included improvements in SV calling, genotyping, annotations and filtering. Together with advancements in benchmarking existing methods. Furthermore, groups focused on the diversity of SARS-CoV-2. Daily discussion summary and methods are available publicly at https://github.com/collaborativebioinformatics provides valuable insights for both participants and the research community.
Development of a national stroke audit in Ireland: scoping review protocol
Authors: Bruen Carlos , Merriman Niamh A. , Murphy Paul J. , McCormack Joan , Sexton Eithne , Harbison Joseph , Williams David , Kelly Peter J. , Horgan Frances , Collins Rónán , Ní Bhreacáin Máirín , Byrne Elaine , Thornton John , Tully Collette , Hickey Anne
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Recent advances in stroke management and care have resulted in improved survival and outcomes. However, providing equitable access to acute care, rehabilitation and longer-term stroke care is challenging. Recent Irish evidence indicates variation in stroke outcomes across hospitals, and a need for continuous audit of stroke care to support quality improvement. The aim of this project is to develop a core minimum dataset for use in the new Irish National Audit of Stroke (INAS), which aims to improve the standard of stroke care in Ireland. This paper outlines the protocol for conducting a scoping review of international practice and guidelines in auditing acute and non-acute stroke care.

Objective

Identify data items that are currently collected by stroke audits internationally, and identify audit guidelines that exist for recommending inclusion of content in stroke audit datasets.

Methods and analysis

This scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We will search the following databases: Medline Ovid; Embase; CINAHL EBSCOHost. Grey literature will also be searched for relevant materials, as will relevant websites. Study selection and review will be carried out independently by two researchers, with discrepancies resolved by a third. Data charting and synthesis will involve sub-dividing relevant sources of evidence, and synthesising data into three categories: i) acute stroke care; ii) non-acute stroke care; and iii) audit data collection procedures and resourcing. Data will be charted using a standardised form specific to each category. Consultation with knowledge users will be conducted at all stages of the scoping review.

Discussion

This scoping review will contribute to a larger project aimed at developing an internationally benchmarked stroke audit tool that will be used prospectively to collect data on all stroke admissions in Ireland, encompassing both acute and non-acute data items.
Hypertension and diabetes patients’ perspective of challenges and their coping mechanisms in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda – a qualitative study
Authors: Ndejjo Rawlance , Masengere Paineto , Nuwaha Fred , Ddumba Isaac , Bastiaens Hilde , Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Musinguzi Geofrey
Published: March 2021

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of non-communicable diseases is steadily rising amidst a high prevalence of communicable diseases stretching the healthcare system. This study explored hypertension and diabetes patients’ perspective of challenges and their coping mechanisms in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda.

Methods: This descriptive qualitative study involved four focus group discussions with 26 patients at four selected health facilities. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and data analysed following the thematic content analysis guided by the semantic approach with the aid of Atlas ti 6.0.15 software.

Results: Five themes were identified regarding challenges and coping mechanisms of patients in managing their conditions. 1) Inadequate opportunities for diagnosis, with community screening supporting identification of patients. 2) Accessing care came amidst transport challenges, absence of health workers and the lack of essential supplies for monitoring conditions. Patients borrowed transport funds or trekked to health facilities and some formed groups to contribute resources to buy equipment and supplies. 3) Access to medications was affected by frequent drug stockouts at public health facilities which pushed patients to purchase own drugs or obtain these through friends and networks. However, other patients resorted to cheaper herbal remedies. 4) Monitoring and managing conditions was affected by insufficient knowledge and opportunities for self-monitoring. Information from health workers and experiences from peers bridged the knowledge gap while private facilities or community health workers supported self-monitoring. 5) Adopting changes in behaviour was challenging but patients fitted these within their usual routines and mobilised family members to also adopt lifestyle changes while ignoring those they deemed unrealistic.

Conclusions: The coping mechanisms patients adopted to manage their chronic conditions reflects self-care initiatives at the individual and community levels which could be reinforced and supplemented to better support and empower patients as steps are taken to address existing challenges.
World outlook split in Europe
Authors: Yarulin Ildus , Pozdnyakov E.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the reasons for the emergence of ideological differences between the Eastern and Western Europe. The article also describes how the views of the population of "new" Europe give rise to a demand for the right-wing state policy. The methodological basis was the principles of comparative analysis. The differences in the worldview of Western and Eastern Europeans are analyzed. The author suggests that the confrontation between a number of the EU countries (Poland, Hungary) with Brussels is caused, first of all, by serious ideological differences between the worldview concepts of the population of different regions of Europe. It is concluded that the inhabitants of the East largely disagree with the progressive views of the West, which gives rise to misunderstanding at the level of the population of the current EU policy (in particular, the problems of discrimination against minorities and the dispute over quotas for the admission of migrants are mentioned). It is concluded that in the society of the "new" Europe, a demand for right-wing politics has been formed, based on the cultural past of these countries. The request finds a way out in the victory of the conservative parties in the elections, which complicates relations with Brussels. The author concludes that the confrontation between the West and the East largely arises from the desire of the first to "level" the Europeans according to a certain standard of liberal democracy, although in the countries of Eastern Europe the population it does not agree with the imposition of such a system.
Determination of the influence of the lieutenant governors of Russia: positional method (on the example of the Tambov region)
Authors: Solovyov Dmitriy
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the article is to describe – on the basis of implicit information – the hierarchy of positions of deputy heads of regions of the Russian Federation. The regional legal acts and recommendations are analyzed. The positional method acts as the theoretical basis of the research, the rethinking of which allowed to shift the focus in the study of elites from the macro level to the regional level. To achieve our goals and objectives, we use the method of content analysis. The hierarchy of positions of lieutenant governors is given at two time points – before and after a time after the change of the first person in the region. Introduced the author's wording of the concepts of «a set of positions of lieutenant governors» and «cohort of lieutenant governors». The author has proposed and implemented basic and advanced methods for constructing a model of the hierarchy of positions of lieutenant governors. It is proved that hierarchies constructed in different ways for one time point will be equal with a high degree of probability. This allows us to speak about the reliability of the positional method in determining the influence of the positions of lieutenant governors. The theoretical and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that with the help of the research optics proposed by the author, it became possible to study regional political elites using the positional method. It is this method that makes it possible to understand the mechanism of recruiting regional elites: job duties are adjusted to the person, and not the person is appointed to the established position of lieutenant governor.
Mass political protests in the Republic of Belarus in summer-autumn 2020: causes, social base, digital infrastructure
Authors: Brodovskaya E. , Nikulin E. , Davydova M.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the causes, social base and digital infrastructures of mass political protest in the Republic of Belarus in the summer-autumn of 2020. When implementing the study, the authors relied on two key methods: automated social and media analysis and cognitive mapping. Internet content was uploaded via the IQBuzz automated social media monitoring service. As a result, a dataset was compiled, including 700 thousand messages from 30 major social media. Within the framework of the study, a social and media analysis was carried out in three areas: the pro-government agenda, the opposition agenda – elections and the opposition agenda. In the case under consideration, the growth of interest and the inclusion of a female audience in information flows on protest topics in social media is recorded. This can be directly linked to the inclusion in the list of triggers of mass protest: victimhood, violence, and women's participation, which elicits an emotional response based on feelings of solidarity and empathy. In addition, the authors note that mass protests in the Republic of Belarus are characterized by an adult social-media and offline audience. The experience of Belarus has demonstrated the transit in the context of protest moderators: from public opinion leaders to social networks that allow not only to broadcast information about the protests, but also to form specific instructions with an action plan for the protesters. Informal opinion leaders become a tool for attracting attention, but the protest is moderated by social networks. All these trends demonstrate a change in approaches to the organization and management of protest actions, which affects their stability and the degree of manageability. Hence, this work allows us to establish a new reality of political and civil protests, which will show why traditional methods of neutralizing protest activity do not work in the current reality, which later becomes one of the reasons for revising the classic tools in leveling protest actions and the effects that they create.
Smart City: the arrival of a New Democracy or Digital Totalitarianism?
Authors: Fedorchenko Sergey , Karlyavina E.
Published: March 2021

The main purpose of the article is to study technologies of a smart city to identify the prospects for digital democracy and risks of digital totalitarianism. The basic methodological optics is the discourse analysis, which involves the identification and comparative analysis of various concepts on the selected issues. The supporting methodology was the Case Study principles and the big data analysis capabilities of the Google Trends platform. The article makes a theoretical contribution to the understanding of the algorithmic nature of modern political power, which is the basis of urban technopolitics, as well as the complex configuration of Policy and Politics. Algorithms, as the fundamental basis of digital applications and smart city technologies, are beginning to permeate the entire life of a citizen, closely intertwining with the mechanisms of digital control, rating, political decision-making, extraction, filtering and sorting of information data. It is particularly emphasized that the traditional social reality is transformed into a sociotechnical reality (the phygital world), in which it is no longer possible to rigidly separate the social from the technical. The conclusions indicate that digital democracy is possible only on the principles of open source, while digital totalitarianism, on the contrary, excludes such a model. Without the inclusion of smart citizens, the process of discussion and political decision-making, digital democracy is simply emasculated into a good, but still narrow service on the part of the authorities. In addition, without comprehensive programs in the field of political education, there will be no digital democracy, no smart citizens, only a smart elite will remain.
SOBRE LA URGENCIA DE LA FILOSOFÍA APLICADA EN LA EDUCACIÓN ACTUAL.
Authors: Hansen Helskog Guro , Noah Weiss Michael
Published: March 2021

This essay is written based in a concern of ours that the dominant forms of teaching and learning in education today seem to be more in line with what Aristotle called techné and poiesis than with phronesis and praxis. The reason for that appears to be the aim-, skills- and competence-oriented approach in education as well as the quest for scientific “evidence based” practice. Using a reflective practice research approach, the authors take their point of departure in two concrete cases drawn from their lives as associate professors and researchers in teacher education. Some core themes are extracted from the cases and reflected upon critically and philosophically. Among those themes are, i.e., “reflecting freely and personally” vs. “adjusting to given frameworks and meeting required standards”. Other themes are “answering correctly and reaching predefined goals with the least effort” as opposed to “exploring possible answers”, “learning for its own sake” and “searching wisdom” on the other.
Chvátal Rank in Binary Polynomial Optimization
Authors: Del Pia Alberto , Di Gregorio Silvia
Published: March 2021

Recently, several classes of cutting planes have been introduced for binary polynomial optimization. In this paper, we present the first results connecting the combinatorial structure of these inequalities with their Chvátal rank. We determine the Chvátal rank of all known cutting planes and show that almost all of them have Chvátal rank 1. We observe that these inequalities have an associated hypergraph that is β-acyclic. Our second goal is to derive deeper cutting planes; to do so, we consider hypergraphs that admit β-cycles. We introduce a novel class of valid inequalities arising from odd β-cycles, that generally have Chvátal rank 2. These inequalities allow us to obtain the first characterization of the multilinear polytope for hypergraphs that contain β-cycles. Namely, we show that the multilinear polytope for cycle hypergraphs is given by the standard linearization inequalities, flower inequalities, and odd β-cycle inequalities. We also prove that odd β-cycle inequalities can be separated in linear time when the hypergraph is a cycle hypergraph. This shows that instances represented by cycle hypergraphs can be solved in polynomial time. Last, to test the strength of odd β-cycle inequalities, we perform numerical experiments that imply that they close a significant percentage of the integrality gap.
Laudes e cantigas espirituais de mestre André Dias: finalidade crítica e correlação com a obra de Jacoponi da Todi
Authors: Skocic Veridiana
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar a perspectiva crítica da poesia religiosa medieval a partir de um breve estudo da obra intitulada Laudes e Cantigas Espirituais, escrita pelo beneditino André Dias na primeira metade do século XV, e sua correlação com a poesia religiosa italiana de Jacoponi da Todi. Reitera-se que o texto aqui apresentado é fruto de parte de um vasto estudo sobre as laudes de André Dias, cujas composições, em constante diálogo com os laudários italianos, que lhes antecederam, assumem, além de um valor pedagógico e edificante, também um escopo crítico em consonância com os escritos de Jacoponi.
Um espírito na framboesa
Authors: Silva Rafael Ferreira da , Barbosa Davi De Sousa
Published: March 2021

Tradução do conto Uno spirito in un lampone, de Iginio Ugo Tarchetti
POR UMA ANÁLISE DIALÓGICA DO GÊNERO ANÚNCIO PUBLICITÁRIO
Authors: Lima Fernanda Fernandes Pimenta de Almeida , Miranda Warley Soares
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho, realizado à luz dos estudos bakhtinianos dos gêneros discursivos, busca investigar o dialogismo presente em um anúncio publicitário da década de 1970. No devido anúncio, observamos como os sentidos remissivos a uma identidade da mulher materializam-se em enunciados motivadores de seu histórico silenciamento na sociedade. Uma vez que os enunciados não existem fora das relações dialógicas, neste artigo, discutimos a noção de gêneros em uma perspectiva discursiva, portanto valemo-nos teoricamente de autores, como Bakhtin (2003), Gregolin (2007a, 2007b), Orlandi (2003), entre outros. Tal pesquisa, de base empírica e documental, propõe-se a interpretar um anúncio publicitário, observando como a alteridade se inscreve em sua materialidade e como o seu caráter heterogêneo demarca sentidos que podem ser explorados em sua configuração enunciativa e no contexto histórico em que se apresenta. Sabemos que o discurso, por incorporar o discurso alheio, possibilita reflexões que suplantam não apenas os sentidos sobre o lugar da mulher na sociedade, esses que nos são dados, mas, principalmente, questões que podem ser atreladas às diferentes reflexões em sala de aula e à construção do conhecimento crítico.
HUMANIZAÇÃO DO DISCURSO EM FOTOGRAFIAS DE ENTREVISTA: análise crítica de publicações do SP invisível
Authors: Dos Santos Marcelo De Franceschi
Published: March 2021

Este artigo analisa a proposta de humanização das fotografias de entrevista do coletivo fotográfico SP invisível. Por meio da abordagem da Gramática do Design Visual, verificam-se os recursos de interação nas imagens, e as características essenciais humanas nas legendas. Conclui que a humanização dos retratados ocorre parcialmente, sendo mais uma sensibilização orientada para os usuários do site de rede social do que para as pessoas em situação de rua.
Comunidade Raízes da Praia: uma experiência de práticas insurgentes na cidade de Fortaleza
Authors: Freitas Clarissa Sampaio , Arias Manuela Teixeira , Rocha Rachel Teixeira , Figueiredo Lina Garcia de , Roldan Ana Carolina De A. Salas , Nascimento Virgínia
Published: March 2021

Este artigo trata de uma reflexão teórica e processual a respeito de práticas insurgentes, constituídas pela Ocupação Raízes da Praia, hoje uma comunidade, localizada na orla de Fortaleza, Ceará. O artigo é uma reflexão possibilitada pelo trabalho de assessoria técnica desenvolvida pelo grupo do Programa de Educação Tutorial do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal do Ceará (ArqPET UFC). Ao longo do texto será descrito o histórico dos 09 anos de ocupação da Comunidade, traçando a dimensão do planejamento popular desenvolvido pelos moradores, com os movimentos urbanos e assessorias, como experiência social potente para solucionar a questão da moradia. Ademais, a reflexão interpreta a capacidade de gestão e produção espacial da Comunidade  como uma instância de prática insurgente. Configuram como métodos: plano de ações projetuais, observação participante realizada ao longo de 03 anos e meio de atividade de extensão acadêmica de apoio a Comunidade Raízes da Praia, análises de cartografias e documentos jurídicos e entrevistas realizadas com moradores, apoiadores e advogadas.
A relação cidade-campo em Marx: o capital, a renda da terra e o lucro
Authors: Sartori Vitor Bartoletti
Published: March 2021

no presente artigo, a partir daquilo que o filósofo brasileiro José Chasin chamou de análise imanente, buscaremos explicitar o modo pelo qual Karl Marx trata da relação cidade-campo. Para tanto, passaremos, principalmente, embora não só, por O capital. A partir da análise das diferentes figuras do capital, e da aplicação da ciência no campo, analisaremos como que, no próprio capitalismo, tem-se as potencialidades que poderiam propiciar, em uma forma mais avançada de produção, a superação da oposição entre campo e cidade e entre renda da terra e lucro.
Perfil de competências de fisioterapeutas atuantes em unidades de terapia intensiva
Authors: Ceregato Andressa Caroline Lepka , Ribeiro Elaine Rossi , Souza Juliano Mendes de , Aquim Esperidião Elias
Published: March 2021

O Fisioterapeuta foi incorporado às equipes básicas de unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) em 1998. Embora as atividades desses profissionais nestas unidades já estejam regulamentadas, e comprovada eficiência terapêutica, sua identidade e reconhecimento parecem não estruturados até o presente momento, assim sugerindo sua construção em curso, por meio de identificação das atribuições e competências. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar o perfil de competências dos fisioterapeutas atuantes em UTIs, e relacioná-lo com as competências apontadas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de Fisioterapia. O estudo realizado é do tipo survey, com abordagem quantitativa que utilizou um questionário estruturado, elaborado a partir da análise das DCN do curso de fisioterapia, que foi enviado a 75 fisioterapeutas atuantes em UTIs de 16 hospitais paranaenses, com retorno de 66,6%. Como resultado, aponta-se para um profissional que afirma ter competências essenciais, que age e reage com pertinência perante suas atividades com acerto profissional, de modo valoroso e ético, além de assegurar sua autonomia e segurança. Porém, estes profissionais sugerem não adquirir estas qualidades na formação básica, durante sua graduação. Indicam ainda, que habilidades apontadas pelas DCNs, apesar de se apresentarem reais e vivas para os mesmos, podem não estar sendo contempladas nos cursos de graduação, pois não aparentam ser obtidas durante a graduação, mas, após o início da sua atividade laboral. Concluindo, as respostas dos fisioterapeutas evidenciam a necessidade do contínuo desenvolvimento de competências, a importância da participação do fisioterapeuta na UTI, e a possibilidade de atuação respaldada pela formação profissional de excelência.
Dispelling anti-vaxxer misinformation about COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: March 2021

University of Southampton, discusses strategies to enhance vaccination uptake among certain groups in society who are influenced by anti-vaxxers
The benefits of joining forces
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: March 2021

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers the benefits of having military teams to assist and bring a fresh perspective to NHS Trusts during the pandemic
A new species of Odontepyris (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae: Bethylinae) from East Asia

Authors: ITO RYUDAI , MITA TOSHIHARU
Published: March 2021

Odontepyris costatus sp. nov. is described from Japan and Taiwan. This new species is most similar to O. formosicola Terayama, 1997 known from Cambodia and Taiwan according to the key to the Eastern Palaearctic Odontepyris. O. costatus sp. nov. can be distinguished from the latter by the relatively small eye and the wide metapectal-propodeal disc. It is also similar to O. telortis Lim & Lee, 2009 known from South Korea, but it is distinguished from O. telortis by the imbricate median area of metapostnotum. The morphological variations and diagnostic characters of the Eastern Palaearctic species are briefly discussed and the modified key to species is provided. Key words: new species, Japan, Taiwan, wing venation
Stabilized photonic links for space applications
Authors: Huang Shouhua , Tjoelker Robert , Zhang Wei , Matsko Andrey
Published: March 2021

We describe basic principles of operation and report on implementation of a standalone photonic link stabilized using the electronic phase conjugation technique. This method has been demonstrated to improve link stability by more than 2 orders while reducing its size and power consumption compared to other systems. We have demonstrated packaged robust links that achieve a relative frequency instability of

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) at 10 h averaging while the temperature of the fiber was varied with 2°C (15°C) magnitude.
Efficient conversion from spoof surface plasmon polaritons to radiation mode
Authors: Yin Jia-Yuan , Yin Tao , Du Xiao Yu , Ning Yuan , Guo Li-Xin
Published: March 2021

A direct conversion from spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) to radiation mode is proposed. A modified parallel two-wire SSPP transmission line is the key to the conversion, which is composed of traditional unit cells with slots among them. Taking advantages of the slots, the phase velocity of electromagnetic waves is larger than that of light, leading to the radiation. Both simulated and measured results show that the radiation occurs from 7.6 to 11 GHz, and the radiation angle keeps nearly stable in the whole operating frequency band, which can be predicted by theoretical calculation. The average gain and efficiency is 6.41 dBi and around 90%, respectively. The simple structure with flexibly tunable operating frequency makes the proposed design promising in planar integrated communication systems.
Deterministic CNOT gate and complete Bell-state analyzer on quantum-dot-confined electron spins based on faithful quantum nondemolition parity detection
Authors: Fan Ling , Cao Cong
Published: March 2021

The quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate is a prototypical two-qubit quantum logic gate that provides the basic controlled logic for a set of gates for universal quantum computation. It has been shown that parity checking devices can be used to construct CNOT gates, and the fidelity of a CNOT operation is highly constrained by the fidelity of parity detection with this strategy. In this paper, a scheme to implement a CNOT operation on two stationary electron spins confined in quantum dots (QDs) inside double-sided optical microcavities is presented, based on the faithful parity detection achieved by a heralded and robust two-electron-spin quantum nondemolition (QND) parity detector. The QND parity detector is considerably different from previous implementations and experimentally more realizable, and works in the heralded and repeat-until-success fashion with robust fidelity, which enables our CNOT gate to be implemented deterministically with unity fidelity. Moreover, based on the features of the QND parity detector, a complete Bell-state analysis on two QD-confined electron spins can be realized without wrong judgment or any destruction of the analyzed entangled state. The efficiency of parity detection is also discussed by considering currently achievable system parameters.
Edge/direct-lit hybrid mini-LED backlight with U-grooved light guiding plates for local dimming
Authors: Chen Enguo , Guo Ju , Jiang Zongzhao , Shen Qiongxin , Ye Yun , Xu Sheng , Sun Jie , Yan Qun , Guo Tailiang
Published: March 2021

Current mini-LED backlights improve high-dynamic-range liquid crystal displays (LCDs) by using tens of thousands of direct-lit sources for local dimming. However, relative thick profile and high power consumption are the inherent limitations while compared with edge-lit backlights. By synthesizing edge- and direct-lit advantages, we propose a novel hybrid mini-LED backlight equipped with a specially designed integrated light guiding plate (LGP) for large-area displays. This LGP is seamlessly spliced by multiple physically segmented sub-LGPs with a scattering dot array on the bottom and U-shaped grooves at the corners. Each sub-LGP is a single local dimming zone that can be independently controlled. Scattering dot distribution can be numerically calculated even from multiple edge-lit sources. High optical performance and satisfactory local dimming effect are verified and analyzed via both simulation and experiment. The experimental spatial illuminance uniformity and the light extraction efficiency reach 81% and 83% while the crosstalk can be well suppressed below 0.2% between adjacent local dimming zones. The significant advantages of our design towards state-of-the-art mini-LED backlights include the zero optical distance for an ultra-thin profile, low mini-LED amount for local dimming, high optical efficiency, and infinite extension of zone number, which is expected to have a broad application prospect in the near future.
Polymer-coated quartz tuning fork for enhancing the sensitivity of laser-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy
Authors: Lou Cunguang , Li Xitong , Chen Hongjia , Yang Xu , Zhang Yu , Yao Jianquan , Liu Xiuling
Published: March 2021

A novel laser-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) sensor based on a polymer-coated quartz tuning fork (QTF) is reported. Two types of polymer films with different thicknesses are deposited on commercially available QTF to improve the conversion efficiency of laser energy deposition into vibration. CO2 was selected as the target analyte for validation measurements. The experimental results indicate that by introducing a polymer coating, a maximum gain factor of 3.46 and 3.21 is attained for the signal amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), respectively, when compared to traditional LITES that using only a bare QTF. A minimum detectable concentration of 0.181% can be obtained, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 1.74×10−11 cm−1·W·Hz−1/2, and the measurement precision is approximately 0.06% with an averaging time of 200 s. Here, we show what we believe is the first demonstration of polymer coated QTF for LITES sensing, compared with custom QTF, the design has the virtues of lower cost, simple and easy-to-operate, is a promising new strategy for sensitive trace gas analysis.
LITES: rotational Raman spectra of air molecules measured by high-resolution-spectroscopy lidar
Authors: Tatarov Boyan , Müller Detlef
Published: March 2021

We present the first, to the best of our knowledge, measurements from a new lidar facility that was designed and built at the University of Hertforshire since 2012. LITES (Lidar Innovations for Technologies and Environmental Sciences) allows testing, developing, and measuring of a multitude of climate-change relevant parameters of atmospheric particulate pollution and photochemically reactive trace gases. The core of LITES consists of a lidar spectroscopy instrument. In this first contribution, for example, we present the design and specifications of this instrument, its performance, and potential applications. First, we show examples of the measurements of range-resolved pure rotational Raman spectra and rotational-vibrational Raman spectra of air molecules with a spectral resolution better than

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. We also present day-time temperature profiles obtained from pure rotational spectroscopic lidar signals. In future work, we aim to explore the potential of our multi-channel high-resolution spectrometric lidar to obtain vertically resolved chemical characterization of aerosols and trace gases.
Full-length ribosome density prediction by a multi-input and multi-output model
Authors: Tian Tingzhong , Li Shuya , Lang Peng , Zhao Dan , Zeng Jianyang
Published: March 2021

Translation elongation is regulated by a series of complicated mechanisms in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Although recent advance in ribosome profiling techniques has enabled one to capture the genome-wide ribosome footprints along transcripts at codon resolution, the regulatory codes of elongation dynamics are still not fully understood. Most of the existing computational approaches for modeling translation elongation from ribosome profiling data mainly focus on local contextual patterns, while ignoring the continuity of the elongation process and relations between ribosome densities of remote codons. Modeling the translation elongation process in full-length coding sequence (CDS) level has not been studied to the best of our knowledge. In this paper, we developed a deep learning based approach with a multi-input and multi-output framework, named RiboMIMO, for modeling the ribosome density distributions of full-length mRNA CDS regions. Through considering the underlying correlations in translation efficiency among neighboring and remote codons and extracting hidden features from the input full-length coding sequence, RiboMIMO can greatly outperform the state-of-the-art baseline approaches and accurately predict the ribosome density distributions along the whole mRNA CDS regions. In addition, RiboMIMO explores the contributions of individual input codons to the predictions of output ribosome densities, which thus can help reveal important biological factors influencing the translation elongation process. The analyses, based on our interpretable metric named codon impact score, not only identified several patterns consistent with the previously-published literatures, but also for the first time (to the best of our knowledge) revealed that the codons located at a long distance from the ribosomal A site may also have an association on the translation elongation rate. This finding of long-range impact on translation elongation velocity may shed new light on the regulatory mechanisms of protein synthesis. Overall, these results indicated that RiboMIMO can provide a useful tool for studying the regulation of translation elongation in the range of full-length CDS.
Fixation patterns in simple choice reflect optimal information sampling
Authors: Callaway Frederick , Rangel Antonio , Griffiths Thomas L.
Published: March 2021

Simple choices (e.g., eating an apple vs. an orange) are made by integrating noisy evidence that is sampled over time and influenced by visual attention; as a result, fluctuations in visual attention can affect choices. But what determines what is fixated and when? To address this question, we model the decision process for simple choice as an information sampling problem, and approximate the optimal sampling policy. We find that it is optimal to sample from options whose value estimates are both high and uncertain. Furthermore, the optimal policy provides a reasonable account of fixations and choices in binary and trinary simple choice, as well as the differences between the two cases. Overall, the results show that the fixation process during simple choice is influenced dynamically by the value estimates computed during the decision process, in a manner consistent with optimal information sampling.
Deducing high-accuracy protein contact-maps from a triplet of coevolutionary matrices through deep residual convolutional networks
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Chengxin , Bell Eric W. , Zheng Wei , Zhou Xiaogen , Yu Dong-Jun , Zhang Yang
Published: March 2021

The topology of protein folds can be specified by the inter-residue contact-maps and accurate contact-map prediction can help ab initio structure folding. We developed TripletRes to deduce protein contact-maps from discretized distance profiles by end-to-end training of deep residual neural-networks. Compared to previous approaches, the major advantage of TripletRes is in its ability to learn and directly fuse a triplet of coevolutionary matrices extracted from the whole-genome and metagenome databases and therefore minimize the information loss during the course of contact model training. TripletRes was tested on a large set of 245 non-homologous proteins from CASP 11&12 and CAMEO experiments and outperformed other top methods from CASP12 by at least 58.4% for the CASP 11&12 targets and 44.4% for the CAMEO targets in the top-L long-range contact precision. On the 31 FM targets from the latest CASP13 challenge, TripletRes achieved the highest precision (71.6%) for the top-L/5 long-range contact predictions. It was also shown that a simple re-training of the TripletRes model with more proteins can lead to further improvement with precisions comparable to state-of-the-art methods developed after CASP13. These results demonstrate a novel efficient approach to extend the power of deep convolutional networks for high-accuracy medium- and long-range protein contact-map predictions starting from primary sequences, which are critical for constructing 3D structure of proteins that lack homologous templates in the PDB library.