bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Afrocubanidad y americanidad: construcción visual de imágenes y palabras en la obra de José Bedia
Authors: Acosta Carmenate María Teresa
Published: August 2021

El dilema del que estudia el arte africano, incluso sus influencias en las creaciones trasatlánticas, es el enfrentamiento a la imagen y todo lo que importa en la constitución del objeto o de los objetos. Es encomiable la labor de algunos artistas cubanos contemporáneos como José Bedia, que, en el conocimiento del poder de la palabra, se ubica en los orígenes africanos de la oralidad y crea una relación imagen-palabra que permite descubrir otras posibles realidades, que no son fáciles de ser atrapadas en la omnipresencia de la visualidad.  Bedia se reconoce dentro de un espacio determinado por lo transcultural. Es, al decir de Orlando Hernández, que siendo Bedia: “Proveniente de una cultura, la cubana, acostumbrada a la reverencia y al maltrato en su diaria relación con los dioses no le resulta trabajoso […] continuar en el arte con esa misma familiaridad” (27). La relación de las palabras y las imágenes en la obra de José Bedia no están vinculadas únicamente con los problemas planteados sobre esto desde la postura eurocéntrica, sino también con el modo en el que se entiende esta relación, tanto en aquellas prácticas trasatlánticas de influencia africana como en las culturas nativas americanas.
REGULARITIES OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEAT CONDUCTIVITY OF SUPERCRITICAL WATER IN HEATED BARE TUBES
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Fialko Nataliia , Prokopov Viktor ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Meranova Nataliia ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Aleshko Sergey ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Polozenko Nina ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kutnyak Olha ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Khmil Dmytro ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sharaievskyi Ihor ,   Institute of NPP Safety Problems of NAS of Ukraine, Zimin Leonid ,   Institute of NPP Safety Problems of NAS of Ukraine, Vlasenko Tetiana ,   Institute of NPP Safety Problems of NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The results of studying the fields of thermal conductivity of supercritical water during its ascending flow in vertical channels are presented.
MACHINE-TECHNOLOGICAL STATIONS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF ARGO-TECHNOLOGICAL WORKS AND SERVICES
Authors:   Kyiv Cooperative Institute of business and law, Yefimtseva Liudmyla
Published: August 2021

The article examines the historical experience of the creation and operation of machine-technological stations, taking into account the peculiarities of their development in each period of their activities. The advantage of creation of machine-technological stations at city united territorial communities at the present stage as one of means of the maintenance of agricultural commodity producers from the area of the earths to 500 hectares of a full complex of technical means is outlined, the growth of which will contribute to the development of the market of agro-technological works and services. Among the main advantages - the proximity of technical means to the agricultural lands of farmers is a significant factor, given that the average size of the united territorial community is about 225 km2. In addition, the newly created machine-technological stations, whose activities will be aimed at working with small areas of agricultural land, will be equipped with appropriate technical means, which will save money. Restraining factors of development of machine-technological stations at the present stage are revealed, among which the main ones are limited financial resources at the stage of their creation, insufficient level of state support, lack of integration of machine-technological stations with agricultural enterprises that are consumers of their services. It is proposed to create a fund to support the newly created machine- technological stations at the city's united territorial communities to provide start-up capital in the form of interest-free loans on a competitive basis, which can be used for investment in technical means and equipment, working capital or expansion of agro-technological works. In addition, the improvement of programs of financial support for agricultural producers will promote the development of machine-technological stations in the agricultural sector. The implementation of the proposed proposals will contribute to the development of the market of agro-technological works and services in the direction of providing agricultural producers of small forms of management with a full range of quality technological services in a timely manner.
ESTIMATING VALUE OF BUSINESS IN THE PROCESS OF CONSULTING COMPANY’S STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Semen Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Hruzina Inna , Poliukhovych Maryna ,   Semen Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: August 2021

Importance of developing companies’ competitive strategies, which would contain several scenarios for the company’s development to achieve the goal of maintaining a stable position of the company among competitors, market value of business is an important indicator of the efficiency. This indicator allows to determine the effectiveness of different scenarios, but requires from the person, who make the strategy, to have special knowledge and compliance with the requirements of special international and national standards. In particular, in the paper it is found that there are different definitions of the "business" in terms of its value, different approaches to valuation and valuation base, which should be consistent with the valuation purpose and the scope of valuation. So, each approach to evaluation requires certain information and can be applied only to a certain group of companies or a certain stage of the business life cycle. Using the methods of analysis and synthesis, the paper summarizes the requirements of international standards and national standards of Ukraine for business evaluation. The main approach of business valuation was chosen as the income approach, which is using the method of discounting cash flows. At the same time, due to the lack of statistical information in open sources of information, on the example of small and medium-sized consulting companies, the cumulative approach was identified as the most accessible for use. However, due to the fact that the main problem of this approach is the high level of subjectivity, it was proposed to increase the objectivity of the results obtained using the cumulative approach by applying formulas, which are proposed as the result of investigation. The proposed formulas allow to use information obtained as a result of calculations and published in the public Internet sites. At the same time, the possibility of calculating the size of risk premiums for companies in other sectors of the economy can be explored in further research in the case of existing relevant statistical data.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP AND INTERACTION BETWEEN STRATEGY AND ORGANIZATION LIFE CYCLE IN THE CONTEXT OF PROJECT ACTIVITY
Authors:   National Agency for Higher Education Quality Assurance, Hordieieva Inna
Published: August 2021

The article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the relationship and interaction between competitive strategy and the phases of the organization's life cycle. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of choice or change of strategy on changing phases of the organization's life cycle in the context of project activities. The method of analysis and synthesis, the method of systematization and analysis of literature sources were used to solve the tasks. The scientific community faces the urgent task of developing and implementing effective methods, models, and methodologies of adaptive project management. The toolkits for solving this scientific problem are the management of managed changes in the organization, management of organizational development by methods of strategic planning. Based on the analysis of different models of the life cycle of organizations, it is determined that the most perfect is the model of I. Adizes. A similar analysis was performed on the typologies of competitive strategies. It is determined that the most rational for further research in the ratio of advantages and disadvantages is the model A. Yu. Yudanov. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem testified to the existence of developments in this scientific field, but the review process revealed a number of contradictions that need further resolution. The identified inconsistencies are mostly due to the fact that not all dependencies and correspondences are found between the types of competitive strategies and phases of the organization's life cycle. The practical value lies in the improvement of models and methods of organization adaptation to the destructive factors of the environment, justification of the choice of strategic goals by stages of the life cycle, the formation of project tools for change management in the organization. Next, it is planned to assess the level of correlation of parameters for each type of strategy according in accordance with each phase of development of the organization. The results of the study can be useful for project and program managers, senior managers.
ANALYSIS OF PRACTICE OF SETTING OF CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT MINOR FOR PERIOD 2005-2020 yy.
Authors:   State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Lubenets Iryna , Naumova Iryna ,   State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Recent processes in Ukrainian society have an extremely negative impact on the formation of the younger generation and often become a factor in the commission of offenses. Juvenile delinquency is a kind of reflection of the general situation in the country and an indicator of the level of morality of society. On the one hand, it is a derivative, and on the other - an integral part ofsociety. The article considers and analyzes the practice of criminal punishment of juveniles who committed criminal offenses in Ukraine in 2005-2020 on the basis of relevantreports of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine. It is established that during 2005–2020 there was a tendency of predominant decrease in the number of minors whose sentences (resolutions) came into force due to the deterioration of the situation in Ukraine with the detection of crimes and, accordingly, a decrease in the number of detected criminals, including minors. The article examines two large groups of convicted juveniles: persons who have been subjected to various measures of punishment, and those who have been released from punishment; the distribution of juveniles by the type of the main punishment imposed on them during the analyzed period is analyzed. It was found that the main type of criminal punishment of juveniles in Ukraine for most of the period under consideration was imprisonment for a certain period, ie forced isolation of a juvenile convict and his placement for a certain period in a special institution - an educational colony. The authors conclude that one of the problems of juvenile justice is the limited type of punishment that can be applied by courts, especially for persons aged 14-16. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the principle of individualization of punishment only if the range of types of punishment that can be applied to juveniles is expanded.
MEASURES TO ENSURE THE CLAIM IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchuk Olha
Published: August 2021

The article deals with legal provisions, stagnation (judicial) practice in the acquired legal science, the types (measures) of securing the claim in administrative proceedings - one of the guarantees of the judiciary - are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on respect for problematic issues, which allegedly arise in stagnant courts, singing methods of securing an administrative lawsuit. The efficiency of legally defined means of securing an administrative claim is analyzed: suspension of an individual act or normative legal act; prohibition of the defendant to perform certain actions; prohibition of other persons to perform actions related to the subject of the dispute; suspension of recovery on the basis of an executive document or other document under which recovery is carried out in an indisputable manner, in terms of ensuring the implementation of the tasks of administrative proceedings. In particular, the legal consequences of securing a claim by suspending a normative act and revoking such an act are distinguished. At the same time, the courts were asked to move away from the established in practice, but excessive, simultaneous application of measures to secure the claim by suspending the normative legal or individual act and prohibiting the subjects of power to take action to implement such an act. It is proposed to return to the measures of securing the administrative claim previously excluded: the obligation of the defendant to take certain actions - as such, which is a proportionate and adequate way to secure the claim in case of appeal of inaction of the subject of power, in particular, inaction, and the actions requested by the plaintiff are legally significant and limited by a certain time frame. Particular attention is paid to the issue of restrictions on ways to secure the claim. Emphasis is placed on the need for a balanced and balanced restriction of measures to secure the claim, which would be motivated not by issues of political expediency, but would take into account the ratio of public and private interest in compliance with the criteria of proportionality. Aspects of abuse of the right to secure a claim are studied on the example of case law.
BUSINESS OMBUDSMAN AS A MEANS OF LEVELING THE ABUSE OF ADMINISTRATIVE INFLUENCE BY THE TAX AUTHORITY
Authors:   Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Holutiak-Pekalska Marija
Published: August 2021

This article investigates the problem of issues related to the position of business ombudsman and the role of this important institution from a practical point of view. In today's economic environment, the need to create adequate means to support entrepreneurship and eliminate the negative manifestations of abuse by the tax authorities is becoming increasingly apparent. Given the positive experience of the world's leading countries, the purpose of establishing an institution of business ombudsman in Ukraine is to promote the transparency of public authorities, including tax authorities, as well as business entities under their management, prevention of unfair (dishonest) behavior of business entities engaged in business in Ukraine. The article describes in detail the various activities and powers of this body, in particular in the field of protection of taxpayers' rights. In tax disputes, the business ombudsman has the opportunity to consider complaints from business entities against decisions, actions or omissions of tax authorities and their officials, as well as to participate in the consideration of tax authorities' complaints of taxpayers. The article states that the characteristic of the business ombudsman's activity is that complaints from private business are accepted only against illegal actions of state bodies. It is concluded that the most "popular" subjects of complaints from taxpayers to the business ombudsman are various types of tax issues, actions of law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, state regulators, customs, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, local authorities and more. Additionally, the article stipulates the expediency of establishing a Business Ombudsman Council and describes the powers of this body.
THE NATIONAL REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN UKRAINE IN 2021 AND ITS AREAS OF CONCERN
Authors:   Kherson National Technical University, Plyushch Ruslan , Biushkin Oleksiy ,   Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The author focuses on one of the key analytical documents of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine - the National Report on the State of the Environment in Ukraine. The importance of presenting the systematized results of monitoring studies of the ecological situation in the country and regions is characterized. The peculiarities of the participation of state bodies in the system of ecological monitoring in collecting the necessary information are determined. It is noted that the presented list of subjects is assigned to the relevant areas of monitoring. It is noted that the current procedure for obtaining information on the environmental situation is inefficient and ineffective. Accordingly, this may negatively affect the quality of the content of the Analytical Report. The structure of the Analytical Report, which was determined in order to fully cover the environmental situation in the country, is described. The study found that in recent years, the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Ukraine has not publicly presented the National Report on the state of the environment, due to quarantine restrictions and minimization of bureaucratic burden on the Ministry. It is noted that at the same time the Ministry continued to present regional reports on the official website divided up by regions. It was found that national and regional reports differ in their structure, which leads to the devaluation of the regional format due to their limitations. It is noted that in the future, regional reports can be a replacement or continuation of the national one, as long as a single structure is fulfilled. The important role of the National Report on the State of the Environment in Ukraine in the development of regulations, targeted programs to improve the environmental situation in Ukraine is pointed out.
IMPLEMENTATION AND WORK OF JURY IN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Gulac Olena , Ladychenko Viktor ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Golovko Liudmyla ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The scientific paper is devoted to the study of the legal doctrine and regulatory framework for the formation and functioning of the institution of jury in the judicial system of Ukraine. The article analyzes the features of the introduction of the jury trial in the legislation of Ukraine, the experience of the functioning of this institution of legal proceedings in foreign countries in accordance with its main models in the world legal practice. The introduction of the jury is seen as one of the most democratic steps in reforming the judicial system, the advantages of which lie in the use of collegiality, reduced risk of miscarriages of justice, greater independence, nationality, publicity, and increased adversariality in the judicial process. The advantages and disadvantages of introducing a jury trial are formulated. Proposals for improving the legislation of Ukraine are presented. Particular attention is paid to the state of legislative support for the jury, guarantees and obstacles to its functioning in the legal realities of Ukraine. It has been established that in order to optimize the institution of the jury, it is necessary to change the legislation in terms of ensuring guarantees of the jury's activities, to increase the range of court proceedings that can be considered by the jury, to involve specialists in professional training of the jury, and the like. It has been proven that thanks to the participation of representatives of the people in the administration of justice, judicial proceedings become more transparent and open.
MPTP-induced Parkinsonism in genetically modified mice
Authors: Голоборщева В.В. , Воронина Н.А. , Овчинников Р.К. , Кучеряну В.Г. , Морозов С.Г.
Published: August 2021

Использование экспериментальных моделей на животных является чрезвычайно ценным методом изучения патогенеза заболеваний человека и используется для разработки их эффективной терапии. В отличие от изолированных моделей in vitro, использование животных в качестве модельной системы оказалось более продуктивным для изучения мультифакториальных заболеваний или болезней, влияющих на несколько систем организма. Данный метод особенно актуален в отношении использования моделей in vivo для понимания патофизиологических механизмов расстройств центральной нервной системы, включая эпилепсию, рассеянный склероз и нейродегенеративные заболевания. Одним из ключевых среди нейродегенеративных расстройств является болезнь Паркинсона (БП) - хроническое прогрессирующее заболевание, вызванное недостатком дофамина в стриатуме головного мозга в результате гибели дофаминергических (ДА) нейронов чёрной субстанции (ЧС). В настоящее время для воспроизведения у животных основных характеристик БП, включая двигательные нарушения, прогрессирующую потерю ДА-ергических нейронов в компактной части черной субстанции и образование телец Леви, широко используют соединение 1-метил-4-фенил-1,2,3,6-тетрагидропиридин (МФТП). В этом обзоре будут охарактеризованы популярные экспериментальные модели для изучения БП, в которых в рамках исследований вводили нейротоксин МФТП, с целью систематизировать уже имеющийся научный опыт, а также способствовать развитию моделирования паркинсонического синдрома.

The use of experimental animal models to understand human diseases and the potential treatments has been extremely valuable and has led to many significant advances in medicine. In contrast to isolated in vitro models, the use of animals as a model system has proven to be more productive for studying of multi-factorial diseases or diseases that affect several human systems. This method is particularly relevant for the use of animal models to understand the pathophysiology of central nervous system disorders such as meningitis, multiple sclerosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD), a chronic progressive illness, caused by a lack of dopamine (DA) in the striatum due to the death of DAergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), is one of the neurodegenerative key disorders. Nowadays, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a widely used compound to reproduce the main characteristics of PD in animals, which include motor disorders, progressive loss of DA-neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the formation of Lewy bodies. In this review, we observe MPTP-treated popular mouse models for the PD studying in order to systematize the existing scientific experience, as well as to promote the development of parkinsonian syndrome modeling.
Antimicrobial peptides of mammals: biological functions different from antibiotic (review)
Authors: Алешина Г.М.
Published: August 2021

Антимикробные пептиды животных являются одними из ключевых молекулярных факторов врожденного иммунитета, ответственными за умерщвление потенциально опасных микроорганизмов. В настоящее время охарактеризовано несколько сотен полипептидов и белков с антимикробными свойствами, выделенных из тканей различных видов позвоночных и беспозвоночных животных. Некоторые из этих пептидов локализованы в гранулах фагоцитарных клеток, другие являются гуморальными факторами, и выявляются в различных биологических жидкостях организма. Основной их функцией считается антибиотическое действие, на что указывает и их локализация в гранулах фагоцитов и в слизистых оболочках. Всё чаще они рассматриваются как потенциальные матрицы для создания на их основе антибиотических препаратов нового поколения для медицины и ветеринарии. В то же время появляется всё больше фактов, что их функции не ограничиваются только антимикробным действием. В настоящем обзоре изложены данные о дополнительных свойствах представителей самых распространенных семейств антимикробных пептидов млекопитающих - дефенсинов и кателицидинов. Показано, что они могут выступать как хемоаттрактанты и дегрануляторы тучных клеток, оказывают влияние на продукцию хемокинов и цитокинов, проявляют кортикостатическое действие.

Antimicrobial peptides of animals are a key molecular factor of innate immunity responsible for elimination of potentially dangerous microorganisms. At present, several hundred polypeptides and proteins with antimicrobial properties have been isolated from tissues of various vertebrate and invertebrate species and characterized. Some of these peptides are localized in granules of phagocytic cells while others are humoral factors detected in various biological fluids. Their main function is considered to be the antibiotic activity as indicated by their localization in the granules of phagocytes and in epithelial cells. Often, they are considered as potential matrices for new generation antibiotic drugs for medicine and veterinary. At the same time, multiple facts have suggested that their functions are not limited to the antimicrobial activity. This review presents data on additional properties of representatives of the most common families of mammalian antimicrobial peptides, defensins and cathelicidins. It has been shown that they can act as chemoattractants and degranulators of mast cells, influence the production of chemokines and cytokines, and exert a corticostatic effect.
On a nonlinear parabolic problem with a boundary control and on its applications
Authors: Гольдман Н.Л.
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается проблема оптимального управления системой, состоящей из краевой задачи первого рода для квазилинейного параболического уравнения с неизвестным коэффициентом, а также из уравнения изменения по времени этого коэффициента. Обоснованы две постановки вариационных задач с финальным наблюдением, в которых управлением является граничный режим на одной из границ области. Доказаны свойства непрерывности и дифференцируемости соответствующих минимизируемых функционалов. Дано явное представление для дифференциалов через решение сопряженных задач. Установлен вид этих сопряженных задач, доказана их однозначная разрешимость в классе гладких функций. Проведенное исследование связано с моделированием и управлением физико-химическими процессами с изменяющимися внутренними свойствами материалов.

We consider the optimal control in a system consisting of the boundary value problem of the first kind for a quasilinear parabolic equation with an unknown coefficient and an additional equation describing a time dependence of this coefficient. Two variational problems with a boundary control regime are substantiated for the given final observations. Some conditions of continuity and differentiability of the corresponding minimization functionals are formulated and proved. An exact representation for the differentials in terms of the solutions of the conjugate problems is obtained. The form of these conjugate problems and their unique solvability in a class of smooth functions are shown. This study is connected with modeling and control of physical-chemical processes in which the inner properties of materials are subjected to changes.
On Koenig's theorem for integer functions of finite order
Authors: Громов А.Н.
Published: August 2021

Показано, что теорема Кенига о нулях аналитической функции, примененная к логарифмической производной целой функции конечного порядка, приводит к алгоритму отыскания нулей, для которого областями сходимости являются многоугольники Вороного искомых нулей. Так как диаграмма Вороного последовательности нулей составляет множество меры нуль, то алгоритм имеет глобальную сходимость. Дана оценка скорости сходимости. Для итераций высших порядков, которые строятся с помощью теоремы Кенига, рассмотрено влияние кратности корня на область сходимости и приводится оценка скорости сходимости.

It is shown that Koenig's theorem on zeros of analytic functions applied to the logarithmic derivative of an integer function of finite order leads to an algorithm of finding zeros whose convergence domains are the Voronoi polygons of the zeros to be found. Since the Voronoi diagram of a sequence of zeros is a set of measure zero, this algorithm is globally convergent. The rate of convergence is estimated. For higher-order iterations that are constructed using Koenig's theorem, the effect of root multiplicity on the convergence domain is considered and the convergence rate is estimated for this case.
Digital image reduction for analysis of topological changes in the pore space of the rock matrix during chemical dissolution
Authors: Прохоров Д.И. , Базайкин Я.В. , Лисица В.В.
Published: August 2021

В работе предложен алгоритм редукции трехмерных цифровых изображений для ускорения вычисления персистентных диаграмм, характеризующих изменения в топологии порового пространства образцов горной породы. Воксели для удаления выбираются исходя из структуры своей окрестности, что позволяет редуцировать изображение за линейное время. Показано, что эффективность алгоритма существенно зависит от сложности устройства порового пространства и размеров шагов фильтрации.

A new algorithm for the reduction of three-dimensional digital images is proposed to improve the performance of persistence diagrams computing. These diagrams represent changes in topology of the pore space in the rock matrix. The algorithm has a linear complexity, since the removal of the voxel is based on the structure of its neighborhood. It is shown that the efficiency of the algorithm depends heavily on the complexity of the pore space and the size of filtering steps.
An experience of applying the parallelization regions for the step-by-step parallelization of software packages using the SAPFOR system
Authors: Колганов А.С.
Published: August 2021

Одна из основных сложностей разработки параллельной программы для кластера — необходимость принятия глобальных решений по распределению данных и вычислений с учетом свойств всей программы, а затем выполнения кропотливой работы по модификации программы и ее отладки. Большой объем программного кода, а также многомодульность, многовариантность и многоязыковость, затрудняют принятие решений по согласованному распределению данных и вычислений. Опыт использования предыдущей системы САПФОР показал, что при распараллеливании на кластер больших программ и программных комплексов необходимо уметь распараллеливать их постепенно, начиная с наиболее времяемких фрагментов и постепенно добавляя новые фрагменты, пока не достигнем желаемого уровня эффективности параллельной программы. С этой целью предыдущая система была полностью переработана, и на ее основе была создана новая система SAPFOR (System FOR Automated Parallelization). В данной статье будет рассмотрен опыт применения метода частичного распараллеливания, идея которого заключается в том, что распараллеливанию подвергается не вся программа целиком, а ее части (области распараллеливания) — в них заводятся дополнительные экземпляры требуемых данных, производится распределение этих данных и соответствующих им вычислений.

The main difficulty in developing a parallel program for a cluster is the need to make global decisions on the distribution of data and computations, taking into account the properties of the entire program, and then doing the hard work of modifying the program and debugging it. A large amount of code as well as multimoduling, multivariant and multilanguage, make it difficult to make decisions on a consistent distribution of data and computations. The experience of using the previous SAPFOR system showed that, when parallelizing large programs and software packages for a cluster, one should be able to parallelize them gradually, starting with the most time-intensive fragments and gradually adding new fragments until we reach the desired level of parallel program efficiency. For this purpose, the previous system was completely redesigned and a new system SAPFOR (System FOR Automated Parallelization) was created. To solve this problem, the method of incremental or partial arallelization will be considered in this paper. The idea of this method is that not the entire program is subjected to parallelization, but only its parts (parallelization regions) where additional versions of the required data are created and distributed and the corresponding computations are performed. This paper also discusses the application of automated mapping of programs to a cluster using the proposed incremental parallelization method and using the example of a NPB (NAS Parallel Benchmarks) software package.
Computational aspects of mathematical modeling of the shallow water hydrobiological processes
Authors: Сухинов А.И. , Чистяков А.Е. , Литвинов В.Н. , Никитина А.В. , Белова Ю.В. , Филина А.А.
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена изучению нелинейных эффектов в динамике популяции промысловой рыбы пиленгас Азовского моря при низкой и высокой ее численности с учетом эффекта Олли, конкуренции за ресурсы, таксиса, вылова, пространственного распределения биогенных веществ и детрита на основе многовидовой модели взаимодействия планктона и рыб. Дискретный аналог разработанной модельной задачи водной экологии, входящей в состав программного комплекса, получен на основе схем второго порядка точности с учетом частичной заполненности расчетных ячеек. Возникающая в процессе дискретизации система сеточных уравнений большой размерности была решена на основе модифицированного попеременно-треугольного метода, имеющего наибольшую скорость сходимости при условии асимптотической устойчивости разностных схем для параболических уравнений, эффективность которого была улучшена на основе уточненных спектральных оценок. Разработка эффективных параллельных алгоритмов численной реализации поставленной задачи биологической кинетики, ориентированных на многопроцессорную вычислительную систему (МВС) и графический ускоритель NVIDIA Tesla K80 с модификацией формата хранения данных, позволила анализировать процессы воспроизводства популяций биогидроценоза в режиме реального и ускоренного времени.

Paper covers the research of nonlinear effects in population dynamics of the pelengas commercial fish of the Azov Sea taking into account the Allee effect, competition for resources, taxis, catching, spatial distribution of biogenic matter and detritus based on a multi-species model of plankton and fish interaction. Discrete analogue of developed model problem of water ecology, included in a software complex, were calculated using schemes of second order of accuracy taking into account the partial filling of computational cells. The system of grid equations of large dimension, arising at discretization, has been solved on the basis of adaptive modified alternately triangual variational method. Effective parallel algorithms were developed for numerical implementation of biological kinetics problem and oriented on multiprocessor computer system and NVIDIA Tesla K80 graphics accelerator with the data storage format modification. Due to it, the reproduction processes of biogeocenose populations have been analyzed in real and accelerated time.
One-dimensional finite difference schemes for splitting method realization in axisymmetric equations of the dynamics of elastic medium
Authors: Садовский В.М. , Садовская О.В. , Ефимов Е.А.
Published: August 2021

Строятся экономичные разностные схемы сквозного счета для решения прямых задач сейсмики в осесимметричной постановке. При распараллеливании алгоритмов, реализующих схемы на многопроцессорных вычислительных системах, применяется метод двуциклического расщепления по пространственным переменным. Одномерные системы уравнений на этапах расщепления решаются на основе явных сеточно-характеристических схем и неявной разностной схемы типа "предиктор-корректор" с контролируемой искусственной диссипацией энергии. Верификация алгоритмов и программ выполнена на точных решениях одномерных задач типа бегущих монохроматических волн. Сравнение результатов показало неоспоримые преимущества схемы с контролируемой диссипацией энергии по точности расчета гладких решений и целесообразность применения явных монотонных схем при расчете разрывов.

We construct efficient finite difference shock-capturing schemes for the solution of direct seismic problems in axisymmetric formulation. When parallelizing the algorithms implementing the schemes on multiprocessor computing systems, the two-cyclic splitting method with respect to the spatial variables is used. One-dimensional systems of equations are solved at the stages of splitting on the basis of explicit gridcharacteristic schemes and an implicit finite difference scheme of the “predictor–corrector” type with controllable artificial energy dissipation. The verification of algorithms and programs is fulfilled on the exact solutions of one-dimensional problems describing traveling monochromatic waves. The comparison of the results showed the advantages of the scheme with controllable energy dissipation in terms of the accuracy of computing smooth solutions and the advisability of application of explicit monotone schemes when calculating discontinuities.
Approach to Gynecological Adnexal Masses
Authors: Dubé Laurie-Rose
Published: August 2021

Gynecological pelvic masses are a common occurrence in women of all ages. The differential diagnosis is extensive and includes masses of all anatomical components of the female reproductive tract. This simple and refined approach leads the reader through the process of narrowing said differential. A thorough history and physical examination are essential steps that can hint to the appropriate investigations such as reproductive hormone levels, serum cancer biomarkers and imaging. Emphasis is put on ultrasound findings, helping differentiate not only diagnoses, but also the benign or malignant character of the mass. It also highlights the Risk of Malignancy Index I, commonly used in clinical practice to assess the risk of malignancy of a mass. Beyond the initial approach, some diagnoses and their management are discussed, from the very common functional cyst to the worrisome ovarian neoplasm, and mentioning more peculiar findings like tubo-ovarian abscess and leiomyoma.
Improving acces to aircraft meteorological data relay AMDAR
Authors:   University of Zilina, Bušovský Michal , Jarošová Miriam
Published: August 2021

Paper deals with the use of aircraft sensors to obtain meteorological parameters required for predictive weather models, using parameters in ATM and meteorological research. It focuses on the current state of the problem of data acquisition, using the AMDAR system. Comparative use of data from other data sources such as Mode S EHS and Mode S MRAR. By building the necessary infrastructure or equipping of commercial aircraft. Within the paper is developed a methodology, which deals with obtaining data from LPS SR š.p., necessary for the comparison of different systems. The impact of the AMDAR system on aircraft instruments and on the safety of air traffic. Based on the analyzed facts, examples of the use of the system are pointed out, but also of the problems associated with this system.
Proposal of MCC course training manual for L410 aircraft
Authors:   University of Zilina, Coufal Bohumír , Škultéty Filip
Published: August 2021

Subject of this paper is to propose a possible and notably practically useful training manual for multicrew cooperation training directly suited for use on L-410 airplane type simulator. This paper could be used as study material at LVVC or any other organisation providing MCC training on L 410 aircraft type simulator. Whole paper is divided into three parts: introduction, core and conclusion. Introduction can be understood as a proposition of a problem and determination of paper goals. In its core part, this paper is going to explain the current state of training, legislative issues, technical solutions, analyse possibilities and practical use of this proposed manual. Lastly, there will be evaluation of thistopic in conclusion.
System for early identification of local atmospheric changes in flight
Authors:   University of Zilina, Dvorský Richard , Pecho Pavol
Published: August 2021

Paper “System for early identification of local atmospheric changes in flight” is aimed at creating a model of a new variant of instrumentation of non-powered aircraft by monitoring air parameters such as air temperature, static pressure and air humidity. We will use modern technologies to create this theis. This created device will work in the search for thermal currents. After next research as a tool in powered aircraft where it will function as a system for identifying local atmospheric changes that are dangerous for flight itself. Another possible use will be in transport aircraft to predict turbulence
State aid to airports as a problem of competition in the EU
Authors:   University of Zilina, Furčáková Stanislava , Tomová Anna
Published: August 2021

The paper deals with the issues of state aid to airports in the context of pandemic and competition in the European Union. Covering the current pandemic, the paper brings findings on the number of state aid cases, forms of state aids, chronology of state aids, and the time duration between the notification and the decision of European Commission. In the conclusions, old member states of the European Union are compared with newer member states in this regard. As it shows that European Commission understands current aviation situation and approves measures notified by the Member states of Union.
Progressive methods of eliminating dangerous behaviour of air transport passengers
Authors:   University of Zilina, Gáborová Miroslava , Rostáš Ján
Published: August 2021

This paper analyses the topic of dangerous behaviour of air passengers, focusing on the design of progressive methods that would contribute to the elimination of such incidents. The content of the work is divided into three main parts. The first part is dedicated to the overview of regulations and international organizations which deal with this issue. The second part is devoted to the processing of statistical data and the results of a questionnaire focused on cabin crew. By analyzing of these data, we defined the basic factors that contribute to the dangerous behaviour of passengers and described the consequences which results from such behaviour. In this section, we also address the impact of the coronavirus pandemic as a major influencing factor. The third part is providing suggestions for technical and procedural elimination of dangerous behaviour of passengers, focusing on the area of prevention. In the proposals, we target to improving existing conventional methods and also to the design of progressive methods that would provide new manners of prevention against unruly passengers. For assessment of selected methods we carried out an experimental verification. The results of this experiment confirmed the capability of the proposed methods for eliminating dangerous behaviour of air passengers.
Approach to economic regulation of airports in europe
Authors:   University of Zilina, Hurajt Marek , Novák Sedláčková Alena
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on the economic regulation of airports in Central Europe and in the world, but also focuses in detail on the method of implementing economic regulation in the Slovak Republic, which results from the transposition of Directive 2009/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on airport charges. The introductory part of the paper explains in detail the theory needed for a comprehensive understanding of this task, such as the basic characteristics of the airport and the economics of airports. Due to need for a comprehensive solution to the topic, the airport was examined from an operational point of view, and for the purpose of determining the scope of regulation, the paper also focuses on the characteristics of aviation and non-aviation activities. Paper characterizes the various approaches to economic regulation of airports in selected countries of the world and the countries of Central Europe, where we focused on the forms and scope of regulation, as well as in the case of EU Member States on the implementation of Directive 2009/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on airport charges into national legislation. The most important part of the work a comprehensive summary of the approach to the economic regulation of airports in the Slovak Republic from its onset to the present with an indication of the legislation that regulates it. At the same time, the paper points out possible options of changes in the set system, which are benefits of the paper. Paper uses research methods such as analysis, comparison, and abstraction, as well as graphs, figures, and tables, which facilitate the understanding of the task and the researched issue.
Conceptual design of the training aerobatic airplane
Authors:   University of Zilina, Klein Vladimír , Škultéty Filip
Published: August 2021

Paper deals with the issue of conceptual design of a training aerobatic aircraft with a tandem arrangement of seats. The first part of the paper is devoted to the historical context of the construction and characteristics of training aerobatic aircraft. The work analyses the current state of training aerobatic aircraft together with the situation of aerobatic aviation in Slovakia. The practical part of the paper discusses the design of a training aerobatic aircraft in the software Rhinocerostogether with the determination of technical and operational parameters and analysis of aerodynamic and stress characteristics
Life cycle assessment of the environmental impacts of transport infrastructure and individual modes of transport
Authors:   University of Zilina, Kováčiková Kristína , Kazda Antonín
Published: August 2021

The paper is focused on the assessment of the environmental impacts of transport infrastructure and individual types of transport using the life cycle assessment method. The paper contains a description of the basic terminology of the problem related to transport, the environment and methods of environmental impact assessment. The paper contains analysis on monitoring carbon dioxide emissions from a global perspective as well as from a regional perspective focused on Slovakia. The aim of the paper is to create a proposal for the assessment of environmental impacts of transport infrastructure, in the form of specification of areas of assessment for selected types of transport with a focus on carbon dioxide emissions. Using the knowledge and principles of the life cycle method, a proposal for relevant indicators and a proposal for a comprehensive assessment of the impacts of selected types of transport, focused on carbon dioxide emissions, is created in the paper