bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pinworm Infection at Salmon Ruins and Aztec Ruins: Relation to Pueblo III Regional Violence
Authors: Reinhard Karl J , Camacho Morgana
Published: January 2020

The study of coprolites has been a theme of archaeology in the American Southwest. A feature of archaeoparasitology on the Colorado Plateau is the ubiquity of pinworm infection. As a crowd parasite, this ubiquity signals varying concentrations of populations. Our recent analysis of coprolite deposits from 2 sites revealed the highest prevalence of infection ever recorded for the region. For Salmon Ruins, the deposits date from AD 1140 to 1280. For Aztec Ruins, the samples can be dated by artifact association between AD 1182-1253. Both sites can be placed in the Ancestral Pueblo III occupation (AD 1100-1300), which included a period of cultural stress associated with warfare. Although neither of these sites show evidence of warfare, they are typical of large, defensible towns that survived this time of threat by virtue of large populations in stonewalled villages with easily accessible water. We hypothesize that the concentration of large numbers of people promoted pinworm infection and, therefore, explains the phenomenal levels of infection at these sites.
Identity of Spirometra theileri from a Leopard (Panthera pardus) and Spotted Hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in Tanzania
Authors: Eom Keeseon S. , Park Hansol , Lee Dongmin , Choe Seongjun , Kang Yeseul , Bia Mohammed Mebarek , Ndosi Barakaeli Abdieli , Nath Tilak Chandra , Eamudomkarn Chatanun , Keyyu Julius , Fyumagwa Robert , Mduma Simon , Jeon Hyeong-Kyu
Published: January 2020

In the present study, a Spirometra species of Tanzania origin obtained from an African leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) was identified based on molecular analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) as well as by morphological observations of an adult tapeworm. One strobila and several segments of a Spirometra species were obtained from the intestine of an African male leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta Crocuta) in the Maswa Game Reserve of Tanzania. The morphological characteristics of S. theileri observed comprised 3 uterine loops on one side and 4 on the other side of the mid-line, a uterine pore situated posterior to the vagina and alternating irregularly either to the right or left of the latter, and vesicular seminis that were much smaller than other Spirometra species. Sequence differences in the cox1 and nad1 genes between S. theileri (Tanzania origin) and S. erinaceieuropaei were 10.1% (cox1) and 12.0% (nad1), while those of S. decipiens and S. ranarum were 9.6%, 9.8% (cox1) and 13.0%, 12.6% (nad1), respectively. The morphological features of the Tanzania-origin Spirometra specimens coincided with those of S. theileri, and the molecular data was also consistent with that of S. theileri, thereby demonstrating the distribution of S. theileri in Tanzania. This places the leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta Crocuta) as new definitive hosts of this spirometrid tapeworm.
Survey of Gymnophalloides seoi Metacercariae in Natural and Cultured Oysters from Several Western Coastal Areas, Korea
Authors: Chang Taehee , Jung Bong-Kwang , Song Hyemi , Cho Jaeeun , Hong Sooji , Lee Keon-Hoon , Hoang Eui-Hyug , Kang Jisu , Lim Jini , Lee Hana , Chai Jong-Yil
Published: January 2020

Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) is a human intestinal trematode contracted by eating raw oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). It has been known to be highly endemic in Aphae Island, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do (Province). However, recent epidemiological status of G. seoi has not been reported since the 1990s. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of G. seoi metacercariae in natural and cultured oysters collected from 3 islands and 2 coastal areas in western parts of Korea. The oysters were examined using the artificial digestion method followed by stereomicroscopy. The overall positive rate of G. seoi metacercariae in natural oysters was 66.0% (99/150), and the oysters collected from Yubu Island showed the highest infection rate (74.0%). However, the metacercarial density per oyster was relatively low (1.5-2.4 per oyster). By contrast, no metacercaria was found in cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas in Chungcheongnam-do. Thus, we could confirm that natural oysters produced from 3 western coastal islands are infected with G. seoi metacercariae, whereas cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas were free from infection.
Exposure and Loss of Environmental Enrichment Mediates Ethanol Consumption in Adolescent Female Rats
Authors: Lipari Natalie , Baron Max , Peck Joshua
Published: January 2020

Alcohol use among adolescent females has significantly increased in the United States with young women drinking alcohol at the same rate as young men. One potential treatment strategy that could help sustain alcohol abstinence is Environmental Enrichment (EE). Environmental enrichment is a process concerning the stimulation of the brain by one’s physical and social surrounding, which promotes non-drug reinforcement alternatives (e.g. voluntary exercise) supporting drug abstinence. Thus, the primary focus of this study was to investigate the effect of EE on ethanol (ETOH) abstinence in adolescent female rats. All adolescent female rats, starting on postnatal day 30, had 24-h access to 2%, then 4%, and then 6% ethanol concentrations. At the end of the four weeks, the environmental conditions were switched (EE→NEE and NEE→EE) and the 6% ethanol measure was repeated. We found that EE significantly reduced ethanol consumption for adolescent female rats compared to controls. Further, the removal of EE opportunities resulted in a significant increase in ethanol consumption. Collectively, the results suggest that access to enriched life conditions are important in facilitating alcohol abstinence in adolescent female rats.
KEYWORDS: Adolescent Females; Alcohol Consumption; Environmental Enrichment; Alcohol Use Disorder; Treatment Strategy; Alcohol Abstinence; Ethanol; Adolescent Female Rats
Apakah E-Learning Dapat Meningkatkan Kompetensi Kognitif Siswa Keperawatan?:
Authors: Kresnayana Made Yos , Sundari Sri
Published: January 2020

LATAR BELAKANG: Proses belajar-mengajar sangat dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran yang digunakan dan sarana prasarana/fasilitas. Metode pembelajaran bertujuan agar dapat merubah hasil sesuai harapan baik dari pengetahuan maupun keterampilan, salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran adalah e-learning.TUJUAN: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah e-learning bisa meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa keperawatan?METODE: Artikel yang direview merupakan hasil penelitian asli yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, Artikel dicari secara elektronik melalui database Proquest (2013-2017) dan Science Direct (2013-2017). Strategi pencarian serta istilah yang di gunakan dalam bahasa inggris adalah sebagai berikut: “e-learning” AND “cognitive” AND “knowledge” AND “nurse”.HASIL: Dari 12 penilitian yang diperoleh, 6 penilitian menyatakan bahwa  e-learning secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan, 5 penelitian menyebutkan peningkatan pada aspek pengetahuan yang berbeda, dan 1 penelitian  tidak meningkatkan pengetahuan secara signifikan. hal ini disebabkan karena banyak faktor yang ditemukan pada penelitian.KESIMPULAN: Metode pembelajaran e-learning dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta didik. Peningkatan pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari e-learning diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak yang positif baik dari segi teori maupun praktek. Kata Kunci: kognitif, e-learning, pengetahuan, literature review, perawat AbstractBACKGROUND: The teaching and learning process is influenced by the learning method used and the facilities/infrastructure. The method used in learning aims to be able to change the results of both knowledge and skills. One of the learning method used in e-learning. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether e-learning can improve student nurse knowledge? METHOD: The reviewed articles are original research results selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, reviewed articles are searched electronically through Proquest (2013-2017) and Science Direct (2013-2017) databases. The search strategies performed and the terms used in English are as follows: "e-learning" AND “cognitive” AND "knowledge" AND "nurse".RESULT: Of the 12 studies obtained, six studies suggest that e-learning significantly improves knowledge, five studies mention improvements in different aspects, and one study did not increase knowledge significantly. This is due to many factors found in the study.CONCLUSION: E-learning methods can increase the knowledge of learners. The improvement of knowledge of e-learning expected to give positive effect in theory or practice.  Key Words: cognitive, e-learning, knowledge, literature review, nurse
Pengalaman Pasien Penderita Kusta Dalam Pencarian Pengobatan di Wilayah Pare-Pare Sulawesi Selatan: Studi Fenomenologi
Authors: Rastipiati Rastipiati , Huriah Titih , Arianti Arianti
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang: Kusta merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sering ditakuti karena dapat menyebabkan kecacatan. Penderita kusta tidak akan mengalami kecacatan jika segera melakukan pengobatan yang secara tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali dan memahami secara mendalam tentang pengalaman pasien penderita kusta dalam pencarian pengobatan di wilayah Pare Pare Sulawesi Selatan.Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif fenomenologi. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Partisipan pada penelitian ini diambil secara purposive sampling, interpretasi data menggunakan metode model Spiegelberg.Hasil: Tema yang teridentifikasi pada penelitian ini adalah: 1) Pilihan dan keyakinan pengobatan tradisional, 2) Berat ringan stimulus kehidupan, 3) Keterbatasan pengetahuan dan dukungan, 4) Harapan dan realitas dukunganKesimpulan: Pengalaman pasien penderita kusta dalam pencarian pengobatan adalah keinginan dan motivasi untuk sembuh. Oleh karena itu perlunya informasi tentang pengobatan kusta yang tepat serta dukungan atau motivasi dari keluarga, teman atau orang lain disekitar, dan perawat yang berperan penting sebagai care giver, educator, fasilitator dalam pencarian pengobatan yang tepat.                                                                  Kata kunci: Kusta, Pengalaman, Pencarian Pengobatan, Studi fenomenologi.AbstractBackground: Leprosy is one of the diseases that is often feared due to it can cause disability. Lepers will not experience a disability if they immediately take proper treatment. The objective of the research is to find out and to understand deeply about lepers’ experience in seeking treatment in Pare-pare South Sulawesi.Method: This research applied qualitative phenomenology descriptive method; the process of data collection was done with an in-depth interview. The participants of this research were chosen using purposive sampling, the data interpretation using Spiegelberg method. Result: The research result identified theme: 1) Experience and belief traditional treatment, 2) Dynamic weighting of life stimulus, 3) Limited knowledge and support, 4) expectation and reality of support.Conclusion: This research concludes that lepers’ experience in seeking treatment is the desire and motivation to get well. Therefore, information about the proper treatment and support or motivation from family, friends or people around and nurses who play an important role as a caregiver, educator, facilitator in seeking proper treatment of leprosy are needed.            Keywords: Leprosy, treatment-seeking, experience, phenomenology.
Perbedaan Gambaran Ekg Pada Pasien Hipertensi Dengan Lama Riwayat Menderita <5 Tahun Dan ≥5 Tahun Di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit H. Damanhuri Barabai
Authors: Taufikurrahman Taufikurrahman , Wahid Abdurahman , Rizany Ichsan
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang: Deteksi dini risiko komplikasi kardiovaskuler pada penderita hipertensi salah satunya dengan mengetahui profil Elektrokardiogram (EKG) penderita hipertensi. EKG penderita hipertensi yang memiliki lama menderita akan berisiko tinggi terhadap kelainan jantung.Tujuan: Tujuannpenelitiannini untuknmengetahui perbedaan gambarannEKGnpadanpasiennhipertensindengan lama riwayat menderita 5 tahun dan ≥5 tahun di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit H. Damanhuri Barabai.Metode: Penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 60 orang terbagi dalam dua kelompok menggunakan teknik accidental sampling.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran EKG pada pasien hipertensi dengan lama riwayat menderita 5 tahun yang normal sebanyak 22 orang (73,3%) dan lama riwayat menderita ≥5 tahun tidak normal sebanyak 21 orang (70%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan gambaran EKG pada pasien hipertensi dengan lama riwayat menderita 5 tahun dan ≥5 tahun. Kesimpulan:Semakin lama menderita hipertensi, dapat berpotensi gambaran EKG mengarah pada gambaran hipertrofi ventrikel kiri, yang berakibat pada prevalensi gagal jantung. Kata-kata kunci: elektrokardiogram, hipertensi, lama riwayat. Abstract Background: One of the early detection of the risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension is one of them by knowing the electrocardiogram (EKG) profile of hypertensive patients. ECG patients with hypertension who have long-suffering will be at high risk of heart abnormalities. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in ECG picture in hypertensive patients with a history of 5 years and ≥5 years of history in Internal Medicine Poly H. Damanhuri Barabai Hospital. Method: Comparative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design with a sample of 60 people divided into two groups used accidental sampling technique. Result: The results showed EKG images in hypertensive patients with a history of 5 years normal as many as 22 people (73.3%) and long history of suffering ≥5 years abnormal as many as 21 people (70%). The results of the analysis showed that there were thendifferencesninnECG images in hypertensive patients with a history of 5 years and ≥5 years of history. Conclusion: The longer you suffer from hypertension, the EKG can potentially lead to a picture of left ventricular hypertrophy, which results in the prevalence of heart failure.Keywords:  electrocardiogram, hypertension, length of history.
Membumikan Laporan Keuangan untuk Penghafal Al-Quran
Authors: Wibowo Puji , Khizazi Ahmad , Mabrur Azaz
Published: January 2020

Alquran-based educational institutions are one of the most important supplier of the nation's generation of noble character, love of the motherland, and global outlook. The survival of these educational institutions is determined, among other things, by the organization's sound and transparent financial management. Financial reports are an instrument for educational institutions to evaluate performance and plan activities that are realistic and adaptive to change. Islamic Education Foundation Islamic Boarding School Alquraniyah (YPI-PPA) East Jurangmangu, Pondok Aren, South Tangerang has the responsibility to give birth to the nation's cadres who are polite, love the Koran, and ready to contribute to the wider community. Fostering financial management, especially in preparing financial statements, is crucial for stakeholders who need a guarantee of business continuity from the educational institution. The synergy between students and lecturers at the State Financial Polytechnic STAN has sought to raise awareness for YPI-PPA employees to begin cleaning up in preparing financial reports that are more comprehensive, accountable, and provide full information for decision makers.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN YAYASAN PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN DINAMIKA (YPPD) CIKARANG
Authors: Alisanda Saga Cindai , Soehari Tjiptogoro Dinarjo
Published: January 2020

kinerja, disiplin,motivasi,kompensasi
MODEL PENDIDIKAN KESETARAAN PAKET A SETARA SD /MI MATA PELAJARAN PPKN
Authors: Hafni Nur , Rcl Khasanah
Published: January 2020

Studi eksplorasi yang dilakukan realitas menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pendidikan kesetaraan pada Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) masih belum sesuai dengan tuntutan kurikulum dan Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dan Pendidikan Masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : 1) mengetahuai bagaimanakah langkah penyusunan modul pendidikan kesetaraan Mata Pelajaran PPKn Paket A setara SD/MI, 2)Pengujian efektifitas pembelajaran dengan menggunakan modul dalam proses pembelajaran. 3) Menguji validitas dan reabilitas dari produk modul pendidikan kesetaraan Mata Pelajaran PPKn Paket A setara SD/MI. Target pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VI di PKBM Putri Gina yang terdiri dari satu kelas dengan jumlah warga belajar 15 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel secara sengaja sesuai dengan pesyaratan komposisi anggota sampel berdasarkan jenis pelakuan. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan maka disimpulkan model pendidikan paket A setara SD/MI mata pelajaran PPKn. Setelah dilakanakan pengujian, pembelajaran dengan menggunakan modul kesetaraan paket A SD/MI mata pelajaran PPKn memiliki keefektifan dalam proses pembelajaran. Hal ini juga didukung dengan penyusunan modul yang bersifat mandiri dan konstekstual sehingga memudahkan warga belajar paket yang memiliki keterbatas, waktu untuk mengikuti kegiatan belajar mengajar dapat tetap mengikuti pembelajaran berbasis modul secara mandiri.

 

Exploration studies conducted in reality show that the implementation of equality education at the Center for Community Learning Activities (PKBM) is still not in accordance with the demands of the curriculum and National Standards for Early Childhood Education and Community Education. The purpose of this study are: 1) to find out how the steps in the preparation of equality education modules in the PPKn Package A equivalent to SD / MI, 2) Testing the effectiveness of learning by using modules in the learning process. 3) Test the validity and reliability of equality education module products in PPKn Package A courses equivalent to SD / MI. The target in this study was grade VI students at PKBM Putri Gina which consisted of one class with 15 learning residents. This study uses a sampling technique is purposive sampling that is deliberate sampling in accordance with the requirements of the composition of sample members based on the type of treatment. Based on the results of the. This is also supported by the preparation of modules that are independent and contextual so as to facilitate citizens to learn packages that have limited, time to attend teaching and learning activities can continue to follow module-based learning independently.Discussion, it was concluded that the model A education model is equivalent to SD / MI PPKn subjects. After testing, learning by using the equivalency module A package SD / MI PPKn subjects have effectiveness in the learning process
HUBUNGAN PEMANFAATAN BUKU TEKS DAN LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS
Authors: Guret Rahmat , Yasin M. Fahri
Published: January 2020

Abstract : This study aims to examine whether or not there is a meaningful relationship between textbooks and the school environment with the results of learning social science both one by one and together. This research was conducted at the junior high school (SMP) which is located in the Bekasi City environment. The time of implementation this research is carried out from November to February 2019. For the independent variables, namely the use of textbooks and the school environment, the data was collected using questioner. The measuring instrument uses a likert scale, while the final variable is the result of learning social science  whose instruments use a multiple choice test. The research method used to explain the relationship between the research variables is the survey method. Testing the validity of the textbook  and school environment using the product moment formula and the reliability calculation using the Alpha formula of Social Sciences using the biserial point correlation formula and reliability calculation using the KR-20 formula. Data analysis techniques using statistical tests in the form of correlation and simple linear regression and multiple correlations and regression. Hypothesis testing is carried out at a significant level.This research produces three main conclusions, namely:(1) There is a positive and significant relationship between the use of textbooks and learning outcomes of Social Sciences (IPS). (2) There is a positive and significant relationship between the school environment and the learning outcomes of Social Sciences (IPS). (3) There is a positive and significant relationship between the relationship between the use of textbooks and the school environment together with the learning outcomes of Social Sciences (IPS).
Taking Care of an Individual’s Needs at Home: Experiences of a Community Care Nursing Group
Authors: Ghilardi Stefano , Noris Manuela , Negroni Alessandra , Paggi Battistino , Giunni Luisa
Published: January 2020

In Italy, home care is guaranteed in a variety of ways. This article reports community care experiences in Italy and documents how a group of professionals were able to adapt their roles as service providers to those of leaders, taking into account different patient needs.
Post-surgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Retrospective Analysis of four Clinical Cases
Authors: Isoherranen Kirsi
Published: January 2020

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare neutrophilic, inflammatory disorder. A recent study from Finland has analysed patient records with postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum with special focus on the diagnostic delay and treatment outcomes.
Effectiveness and Safety of Patientcentred Care Compared to Usual Care for Patients with Pressure Ulcers in Inpatient Facilities: A Rapid Review
Authors: Pokorná Andrea , Klugar Miloslav , Kelnarová Zuzana , Klugarová Jitka
Published: January 2020

Pressure ulcers are serious, costly and common adverse events that develop as a result of a combination of physiological factors and external conditions. This rapid review compares the clinical effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of patient-centred care versus the usual care in pressure ulcer management.
A Case Report: Pilonidal Sinus Management with Medical-Grade Honey
Authors: Hermanns Renée , Rodrigues Byron
Published: January 2020

Due to its antimicrobial properties, medical-grade honey has shown to be effective in management of pilonidal sinus disease. This case report describes the potential therapeutic options of medical-grade honey for preventing infection and inducing wound healing.
THE MANAGEMENT OF PRE SCHOOL TOWARDS ACCREDITATION STANDARDS
Authors: Selian Nurhaida
Published: January 2020

The research is conducted by the rampant growth of PAUD institutions in the regions but has not been accompanied by efforts to fulfill quality according to national quality standards so that they do not meet accreditation assessments. The objective of this research is to determine PAUD management system in national standards in Bengkalis District and to find out the dominant factors that do not meet national standards in PAUD management systems towards accreditation in Bengkalis District. The method of this reaearch is descriptive with using simple random technique. The data collection method is by observation and documentation. The results showed that the PAUD management system in Bengkalis District that fulfilled the national standard criteria passed the accreditation of 80% and 20% had not passed yet. The dominant factors that have not been fulfilled in the national standard criteria for PAUD management systems in Bengkalis District are: PAUD units do not yet have a personnel task description according to the organizational structure chart; PAUD unit does not have an annual work plan that contains elements of objectives, targets, policies, program activities, and financing; not enough aspects of development in the implementation of daily learning separately in the PAUD program; does not have a weekly activity plan; PAUD units does not yet have a holistic integrative program that includes health, nutrition, educational stimulation, care, and protection.
HUBUNGAN USIA IBU SAAT HAMIL DAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI DUSUN CEMANGGAL DESA MUNDING KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Hasandi Litta Arsieta , Maryanto Sugeng , Anugrah Riva Mustika
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Stunting adalah masalah kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu cukup lama. Faktor potensial yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting balita diantaranya adalah ketersediaan pangan, usia ibu saat hamil, tingkat pendidikan keluarga dan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan usia ibu saat hamil dan pemberian ASI ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 12-59 bulan di Dusun Cemanggal, Desa Munding Kecamatan Bergas, Kabupaten Semarang. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu balita dan balita 12-59 bulan di Dusun Cemanggal, Desa Munding Kecamatan Bergas, Kabupaten Semarang sejumlah 52 responden, sampel penelitian ini detentukan dengan total sampling sejumlah 52 responden. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dilanjutkan risk estimate. Hasil: Persentase usia ibu saat hamil <20 tahun di Dusun Cemanggal, Desa Munding cukup tinggi yaitu 48,1%. Cakupan ASI Eksklusif rendah yaitu 26,9%. Setengah dari balita di Dusun Munding mengalami stunting. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia ibu saat hamil dan pemberian ASI esklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Dusun Cemanggal ρvalue (0,000< 0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia ibu saat hamil dan pemberian ASI esklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Dusun Cemanggal, Desa Munding. Ibu saat hamil berusia <20 tahun berisiko 14 kali lebih besar memiliki anak stunting, sedangkan ibu yang memberikan ASI eksklusif berisiko 25 kali memiliki anak stunting.
The Borobudur temple: the Buddhist architecture in Indonesia
Authors: Kowal Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

The article presents the current state of knowledge about the Borobudur temple, a valuable representative of Buddhist architecture, located in Java, Indonesia. The author presents the genesis of the temple, the facts concerning its rediscovery after centuries of oblivion, and Buddhist cosmology embodied in the form of a three-dimensional mandala on which the architectural form of Borobudur is based. The author studies Buddhist symbolism of the architectural form, reliefs and sculptures created on the basis of regional patterns and local Javanese culture of everyday life. This temple is one of the most perfect examples of translation of Buddhist cosmology and symbolism into an architectural form. At the same time, it constitutes an intercultural and timeless masterpiece of architecture and sculpture which requires particular protection, also due to the influence it exerts on the life of local Buddhist religious minorities.
Tingkat Kebisingan pada Angkutan Umum Jalur Teling-Pusat Kota Manado
Authors: Liono Marlisha C. B. , Pelealu Olivia C. P. , Mengko Steward K.
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Noise is all unwanted sounds that can cause discomfort feeling or hearing disturb-ance if be exposed for long enough. Moreover, it can disturb the surrounding environment due to the generated noise. In Manado, many public transportation have audio system to play high volume music, therefore, causing noise. This study was aimed to determine the level of noise in public transportation of Teling to Manado downtown track. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross sectional design. Samples were 100 vehicles of Teling to Manado downtown track. Noise measurement was performed by using a sound level meter. Data were analyzed by using Microsoft Office Excel. The results obtained 56 vehicles with audio systems and 44 vehicles without audio systems. Among 56 vehicles with audio systems, there were 47 vehicles that had noise levels above the noise threshold value which was 86.05-114.15 dB with exposure time about 8-16 hours. Meanwhile, among 44 vehicles without audio system, there were only 2 vehicles that had noise levels above threshold value which was 88.05-91.8 dB with exposure time about 10-12 hours. In conclusion, there were 49% of public vehicles had noise level above the threshold value.Keywords: noise; public transportation Abstrak: Kebisingan adalah semua bunyi yang tidak dikehendaki yang dapat menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan atau gangguan pendengaran jika terpapar lama. Selain itu kebisingan dapat juga mengganggu lingkungan sekitar. Di Kota Manado, banyak angkutan umum yang menggunakan sistem audio untuk memutar musik dengan volume yang tinggi sehingga menimbulkan kebisingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kebisingan pada angkutan umum jalur Teling-Pusat Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional deskrip-tif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 100 kendaraan pada jalur Teling-Pusat Kota Manado. Pengukuran kebisingan dilakukan menggunakan alat Sound Level Meter. Data diolah dengan Microsoft Office Excel. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 56 kendaraan yang menggunakan sistem audio dan 44 kendaraan tidak menggunakan sistem audio. Pada 56 kendaraan yang menggunakan sistem audio terdapat 47 kendaraan dengan tingkat kebisingan di atas nilai ambang batas kebisingan yaitu 86,05-114,15 dB dengan waktu terpapar selama 8-16 jam sedangkan pada 44 kendaraan yang tidak menggunakan sistem audio terdapat 2 kendaraan yang memiliki tingkat kebisingan di atas nilai ambang batas kebisingan yaitu 88,05-91,8 dB dengan waktu terpapar selama 10-12 jam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat 49% kendaraan umum memiliki kebisingan di atas nilai ambang batas.Kata kunci: kebisingan, angkutan umum
Meningkatkan Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Anak Usia Dini dengan Kartu Bergambar
Authors: Hidayati Niswatin Nurul
Published: January 2020

This research aimed to determine the level of English language mastery and improvement of group Aat RA Terpadu An-Nisa’ by using flash card that has not been previously used in that school. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research, in which in the process there are four repeating cycles, they are preparation/planning, implementation, observation and reflection. In doing so, the researcher does not work by herself, but in collaboration with classroom teacher of group A. The data of this research is the mastery of English vocabulary, where the process of data collection wascarried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects were students of group A at RATerpadu An-Nisa'. This research was conducted in two cycles, in which the results showed that there is an increasing of English vocabulary mastery with flash card as its media. In the pre-cycle observation showed that the percentage of children scoring average was 47.07%. Then, in the first cycle with the use of flash cards, the obtained scoring percentage was 61.83%, with an increase of 14.76%. In the next assessment cycle on the students reached an average score of 87.5%, with an increase of 25.67% from the previous cycle. Thus, it can be said that the use of flash cards in English language learning at RA TerpaduAn-Nisa’ is suitable for use as an effort to increase vocabulary, especially in group A.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Koginitif Anak melalui Permainan Tebak Angka
Authors: Pujiningsih Pujiningsih , Subawi Subawi
Published: January 2020

This research is to enhance cognitive abilities, especially the early childhood’s ability to recognize numbers in playgroup Bina Bhakti Sari Purwosari Tlogowungu by using the number guessing game with plasticine or playdough props. Based on the cycle I and cycle II showing their improved cognitive ability in recognizing the concept of numbers in children KB Bina Bhakti Sari Purwosari Tlogowungu year 2016 / 2017. The average percentage increase in cognitive abilities in recognizing the concept of numbers of pre-cycle by 15%, in the first cycle of 50%, and the second cycle of 85%. Thus the guessing game figures using playdough props can improve cognitive abilities in recognizing the concept of numbers in playgroup Bina Bhakti Sari Purwosari Tlogowungu Year 2016/2017, through the steps as follows: 1) Researchers prepare settings and props are used; 2) Researchers demonstrate game activities to be undertaken; 3) The researcher invites children to play guess the numbers to form the numbers using plasticine; 4) Researchers and child make conclusions about the results of the activities carried out; 5) Researchers are giving rewards to children who are able to do the activities well, and motivate children who have not been able to carry out activities.
Efektivitas Otak Anak Usia Dini dalam Mengenal Calistung
Authors: Anisah Zulfatun
Published: January 2020

The introduction of calistung in AUD focuses on brain optimization of children. The child's brain has a trillion brain cells and trillions of brain-nerve cell connections. Brain nerves. influenced by the number of myelin that awakened at the age of 0-2 years which will determine the ability of abstract thinking, scientific thinking at the formal stage of operations. The backbone and cerebral cortex are the central nervous system for humans. the physical body of the child can be trained through mild exercise. Other parts of the brain in the form of cerebral cortex handle the functions of intellectual and language. Parents or nannies can provide stimulation as needed. The results suggest that children from families with high language intake received higher IQ scores at age three. So is the case with children who get more cognitive stimulation, they are more skilled in language activities. Age of AUD precisely began to learn to read if it has reached the mental age, ie 5-5.5 years.
Anti-Lock Braking System Components Modelling
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia., S. Alaboodi Abdulaziz , Algadah Khalid M. ,   Department ofMechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia.
Published: January 2020

Anti-lock braking systems are widely used in modern vehicles and provide safe driving for many different road conditions. Tire skidding occurs unexpectedly as a result of non-linearity in the system. The system behavior can be modelled and simulated using simulation software, which would help to visualize the system behavior. It would lead to obtaining optimum brake performance as well as safe driving. Modelling and simulation methods that can be used with every component of the system are presented. A variety of simulation software has been discussed.
A Hybrid Set of Handwriting Features for Handwritten Recognition
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India., Neelima K* Bramara , Arulselvi S ,   Research Supervisor, Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

Handwriting of each person is unique since each person has their own unique and different style of handwriting. Handwriting verification can be performed in two ways, dynamic and static. The dynamic verification process is the writer dependent whereas the static verification process is the writer independent procedure. The features can be spatial, structural, statistical, geometrical, graphological, and from other feature extraction techniques. In this work, we are considering the combination of multilevel feature set for writer recognition and identification purpose. A dataset of different handwriting samples collected from 100 different writers is used for this experiment. A decision tree classifier with random forest implementation is used for recognition and identification of writer with 98.2% accuracy.
Multimodal Medical Image Fusion using NSCT and DWT Fusion Frame Work
Authors:   Research Scholar , JNTU College of Engineering, Kakinada, AP, India., Rao* K.Koteswara , Swamy K.Veera ,   Professor, Department of ECE, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Published: January 2020

Image fusion is the process, which gathers significant details from two or more images. In the image fusion important information is selected from multiple images. Implementation of fusion of images is carried out either in spatial or in transforms domains. In this work, fusion is done in both domains to get better performance. Energy of decomposed bands of NSCT is used to select important bands in NSCT based image fusion. Energy of decomposed bands of DWT is used to select important bands in DWT based image fusion. Fused images of NSCT and DWT are further fused by using spatial domain technique. In spatial fusion ESOP values are taken into consideration to perform fusion. Experiments are done on several medical images .Experiments show that, the proposed method is giving perceptually meaningful fused images. Image metrics like entropy, edge based similarity measure and quality of mutual information have been used for the assessment of performance of the work. In this research work, two medical images (CT, MRI), after pre-processing, will be merged according to the wavelet and NSCT transformations using energy fusion techniques to generate two independent fusion images that will be merged again using spatial domain to get the desired output. In this way the large amount of comprehensive information can be presented in the merged image, all the comprehensive information obtained from the two medical images appears in the final output. The experimental outcomes on different CT and MRI images are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Image fusion has been implemented in the various applications like remote sensing, space research, defence, medical imaging etc. The performance parameters show remarkable improvements.
Enlarging Text for Individuals Suffering from Low Vision
Authors:   Department of CSE, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, India., Kumar* Dr.V.D.Ambeth , Deepalakshmi Dr. R. ,   Department of CSE, Velammal College Of Engineering And Technology, Madurai, India., Vijayalakshmi Dr.R. ,   Department of CSE, Velammal College Of Engineering And Technology, Madurai, India., Elangovan Prof.D. ,   Department of CSE, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai-India, Sribalaji  ,   Department of Computer Science, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (SVCE), Sriperumbudur Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

The given input, either an image converted to a text document or a text document itself, chosen by the user will be displayed in the default font size, in which they are present in the selected input file. If the user is satisfied with the current font size and wishes to print the document in it’s current font size, he/she may proceed to print the document, and the contents will be printed in the available font size. However, if the user wishes to enlarge the font size further, he/she may enlarge the text option which will alter the font size of the contents of the document, ensuring further readability. The text content of the selected input file is displayed to check if the resultant font size is sufficient. The text displayed is of the same font size as in the selected input file. The user may repeat the process until desired font size is obtained.
TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Syanurdin Syanurdin
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPerkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi pada awal abad 20 telah melahirkan teknologi informasi yang dikendalikan secara ototmatis. Teknologi informasi tersebut menjadi dasar dalam kehidupan manusia, dimana penggunaan komputer tidah terbatas sebagai akibat dari perkembangan internet dan digital di era revolusi 4.0. Hal itu mengakibatkan segala hal menjadi tanpa batas. Era ini dipercaya akan mengalami perubahan yang fundamental, tanpa kecuali dalam pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia. Akibatnya, banyak  tantangan dan sekaligus peluang muncul dalam pembelajaran.  Pembelajaran harus merujuk  pada 4 karakter belalar abad 21, yaitu: berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah, kreatif dan inovasi, kolaborasi, dan komunikasi. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sosok guru yang terbuka, adaptik, dan akomodatif sekaligus  mampu menciptakan atmosfir  belajar yang menantang.
Campur Kode dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar Guru Bahasa Indonesia dan SiswaKelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Seluma
Authors: Mahdijaya Mahdijaya , Suyuthi Hasmi , Oktarina Melisa
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK                 Permasalahan penelitian ini yaitu bagaimanakah bentuk dan faktor penyebab  campur kode yang terjadi dalam proses belajar mengajar guru bahasa Indonesia dan siswa kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Seluma? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk campur kode dalam proses belajar mengajar guru bahasa Indonesia dan sisiwa kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Seluma. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Data penelitian ini adalah ujaran-ujaran yang mengandung campur kode yang diucapkan oleh guru bahasa Indonesia dan siswa SMK Negeri 1 Seluma yang sedang melakukan kegiatan belajar mengajar di dalam ruang kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Indonesia dan siswa SMK Negeri 1 Seluma yang sedang melakukan proses belajar mengajar di dalam ruangan kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data adalah teknik rekam dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data adalah 1) pengumpulan data campur kode, 2) pengidentifikasian data campur kode,3) pengkategorian data campur kode, dan 4) penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk campur kode yang terjadi dalam komunikasi guru bahasa Indonesia dan siswa kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Seluma berupa kata dan frase yang berasal dari unsur bahasa Serawai dan bahasa Inggris. Faktor penyebab terjadinya campur kode dalam komunikasi guru bahasa Indonesia dan siswa kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Seluma sebagai berikut: 1) keinginan penutur untuk menunjukkan keakraban dengan lawan bicara, 2) perubahantopik pembicaraan, 3) keinginan penutur menunjukkan identitas dirinya yang lebih memahami persoalan tertentu, dan4) faktor ketidaksengajaan penutur karena kebiasaan menggunakan bahasa tersebut dalam percakapan sehari-hari.
Three-Phase Distribution Locational Marginal Pricing to Manage Unbalanced Variable Renewable Energy
Authors: Edmonds Lawryn , Faqiry M. Nazif , Wu Hongyu , Palani Ananth
Published: January 2020

This paper investigates three-phase,
component-wise real and reactive distribution locational marginal pricing
(DLMP). Through the use of case studies, mixtures of positive and negative, as
well as real and reactive, DLMP components are explored in detail. A modified three-phase
unbalanced 69-node PG&E system is used to demonstrate the validity of the three-phase
real and reactive DLMP model. Results emphasize the importance of three-phase
pricing schemes and reactive power pricing. The results also indicate the DLMP
mechanism can potentially assist in balancing power across phases. DLMP can
serve as an economic price signal to efficiently operate the system while
minimizing losses, voltage violations, congestion, and imbalances across all
phases.
Efektifitas Penerapan Pidana Kurungan Bagi Pelaku Penyalahgunaan Narkotika
Authors: Jainah Zainab Ompu
Published: January 2020

Act number 35 in 2009 provides severe criminal sanction for narcotic abuser in forms of imprisonment and fine sanctions. However, the narcotic abusers are in fact increasing. This is caused by criminal sentencing that does not provide deterrent effect for the narcotic abusers. The problems in this research were how did the effectiveness of imprisonment for the narcotic abusers. This research used normative and empirical jurisdiction approaches. Data were collected with literary and field studies. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that: effectiveness of imprisoning sentence for narcotic abuser so far was not effective. The researcher suggests the Indonesian Minister of Law and Human Right to provide enough structure and infrastructure, to build new facilities of Department of Corrections, department of Correction should prepare its officers with trainings related to narcotics and cooperate with National Narcotics Agency
ANALISIS PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TERHADAP ANAK YANG MELAKUKAN WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN SEWA MENYEWA ANTARA PEMILIK BANGUNAN DENGAN PT. INDOMARCO PRISMATAMA
Authors: B ERLINA
Published: January 2020

Developments in the globalization era of business world engaged in the growing trade in Indonesia. This is the occurrence of agreements between interested parties and in the field of trade. In this case in Lampung Province licensing from PT. Indomarco Prismatama to Indomaret. In life in society, especially in business world, we see there are some Building Owner who do cooperation with Indomaret as license holder of PT. Indomarco Prismatama. This basic issue encourages the author to examine the lease agreement between the owners of the building with PT. Indomarco Prismatama. The problem in this research is “How is the settlement if one of the parties makes a default in the lease agreement between the owner of the building and PT. Indomarco Prismatama?”. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that if the Second Party neglects to not fulfill its obligation to the agreed lease period of the compensation arrangement, then the Second Party is now also on time, i.e. in the event that the Second Party neglects its obligation to vacate the Building at the time of the Agreement The Lease Rents expire, then the Second Party hereby authorizes Substitution on the First Party now and for later.
DEVELOPMENT OF INVESTMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Angkasa Nita Ria
Published: January 2020

Judging from the division of European Law (Civil Law) we know that is Public Law and Private Law. What is a "Public Law"? Public Law is a Law that discusses about public interest concerning the interest of the State. related to the problems in the discussion of this journal. Discussion of Indonesian Legislation Regulation in Indonesia that is After Independence (1945 to present) Beginning of Legislation with Regulatory Sequence: TAP MPRS Number XX / MPRS / 1966 Jo TAP MPR Number V / MPR / 1973 and TAP NO IX / MPR / 1978, TAP MPR NO.III Year 2000, Law No. 10 of 2004 on Laws and Regulations No. 12 Year 2011 and the Role of Government Institutions to the Implementation of Laws Regulations in Indonesia Regarding Institutions The establishment of the law itself is contained in Article 5 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, Article 21 and Article 20 so that the holder of the main legislator is the DPR. Based on Article 5 paragraph (1), the President shall be entitled to submit a draft Law to the House of Representatives. Paragraph (2) The President shall stipulate a Government Regulation to enforce the Act as appropriate.
IMPLEMENTASI PENEGAKAN HUKUM BAGI PENGEDAR NARKOTIKA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rachman Fathur
Published: January 2020

The circulation of narcotics is a big problem for Indonesia, so the need to discuss about the proper sanctions for narcotics dealers. then the subject matter in this paper about the legal sanctions for narcotics drug dealer in Indonesia. Problem approach using normative juridical approach (legal research). Narcotics dealer in a criminal act is an illegal narcotics dealer who is given a criminal sanction under Article 114 of Law Number 35 Year 2009 on Narcotics, with maximum threat of a sentence of 20 years or life imprisonment or death penalty or a fine. Law enforcers must be firm and eradicate the narcotic crime, Narcotics drug dealers should be given sanctions and deterrent effects for the perpetrators and gangs.