bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prefabricated orality and the translation of Spanish and Catalan approximators into English in a TV series
Authors: Server Benetó Natàlia
Published: May 2024

Discourse markers have been studied in translation studies in the variety known as prefabricated orality, present in audiovisual products in which spontaneous orality is feigned through a priori script writing. These particles are made explicit or implied when transferring from one language to another. In the present work, I delve into the translation of four discourse markers: como and com, from Spanish and Catalan, respectively, and their variants como que and com que, categorized as approximators. The corpus used is a TV series based on improvisation, so the present article challenges the adequacy of the label of prefabricated orality considering the lack of a script and the performative factor of language. The analysis is divided into the classification of the textual and pragmatic values of the markers in the source languages and their translation in the English subtitling. The results align with past studies in which the preference seems to be for the omission of markers, regardless of their contribution to the discourse, with the losses that this entails. Beyond this, it has been found that other factors, such as co-occurrence with other markers or the marker's position, seem relevant in their translation, so a syntactic analysis of translation techniques is proposed.
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Premedication on Sevoflurane Requirement using BIS during General Anaesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Marsleeva Medicity, Palai, Kottayam 686584, Kerala, India., Jose Brilly , Das Himjyoti
Published: May 2024

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties without any respiratory depression. It decreases the requirement of volatile anaesthetics with better hemodynamic stability in surgical patients. We avoided the risk of awareness under anaesthesia by using Bispectral index. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine pre-medication on Sevoflurane requirement and to assess the haemodynamic stability during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries. Methods: Randomized double-blind control study. Design: Forty eight patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A received saline infusion and Group 2 received Dexmedetomidine infusion in a dose of 1µg/kg over 15 min before induction. Vital parameters and bispectral index were noted throughout the surgery. Patients were induced and intubated as per the standard protocol and maintained with Oxygen & Nitrous oxide (1 litre Oxygen + 2 litre Nitrous oxide) with Sevoflurane concentration adjusted to achieve BIS values of 45–55. Demographic profile, hemodynamic parameters total Sevoflurane consumption were noted. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22.0. Percentage analysis was done for qualitative data. Parametric data were compared using an unpaired t-test. Nonparametric data were compared with Fisher’s exact test or Chi-square test. Results: Mean Sevoflurane consumption in Group A and Group B were 0.379 ± 0.10, 0.169 ± 0.05 ml/min respectively with P<0.001 which was statistically significant. A 55.4% reduction in Sevoflurane consumption was found in patients receiving Dexmedetomidine premedication. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine premedication is useful to reducing Sevoflurane consumption during general anesthesia and it provides better haemodynamic stability.
Continuous Spinal Anaesthesia for Below Knee Amputation in High Risk Case: A Case Report
Authors:   , Department of Anesthesiology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India., Madhusudhana Ravi , Paranji Haritha , Raj Ishita ,   Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum 590010, Karnataka, India.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Lower limb ischemia, peripheral arterial disease, and diabetes mellitus are considered the major cause for limb amputations in more than 50% of cases. These patients have increased risk of perioperative mortality and morbidity due to additional comorbidities, such as cardiac diseases. Continuous spinal anaesthesia (CSA) provides better cardiovascular stability, less local anaesthetic requirement, better control of anaesthesia level and lower risk of local anaesthetic toxicity were reported in the CSA technique compared with a single-dose spinal anaesthesia technique. We reported a high-risk patient who underwent below knee amputation surgery under CSA. Case Report: This is a 50-year-old male, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) III, dilated cardiomyopathy admitted for below knee amputation surgery. Preop vitals are stable. Blood investigations are normal. Chest radiography showed cardiomegaly, and echocardiography revealed sinus tachycardia with poor R wave progression and low ejection fraction (EF) of 20%. Continuous spinal anaesthesia was planned for the procedure, during the surgery total amount of fluid given was 40 mL of crystalloids at the rate of 20ml/hr. Intraop vitals stable. The patient was transferred to post op ward following the removal of spinal catheter. No anaesthetic complications noted. Conclusion: We reported the successful anaesthetic management of a patient with coronary artery disease and low ejection fraction undergoing below knee amputation surgery. CSA technique with low dose hyperbaric bupivacaine provided safe and effective ananaesthesia with minimal haemodynamic changes for this case.
Anaesthesia Past,Present and Future
Authors:   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Hospital, Pune 411043, Maharashtra, India., Nair Ashish
Published: May 2024

Rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to diagnostic, therapeutic, and intervention based applications in the field of medicine. Today, there is a deep chasm between AI based research articles and their translation to clinical anaesthesia, which needs to be addressed. Machine learning (ML), the most widely applied arm of AI in medicine, confers the ability to analyse large volumes of data, find associations, and predict outcomes with ongoing learning by the computer. It involves algorithm creation, testing and analyses with the ability to perform cognitive functions including association between variables, pattern recognition, and prediction of outcomes. AI supported closed loops have been designed for pharmacological maintenance of anaesthesia and hemodynamic management. Mechanical robots can perform dexterity and skill based tasks such as intubation and regional blocks with precision, whereas clinical decision support systems in crisis situations may augment the role of the clinician. The possibilities are boundless, yet widespread adoption of AI is still far from the ground reality. Patient related “Big Data” collection, validation, transfer, and testing are under ethical scrutiny. For this narrative review, we conducted a PubMed search in 2020-21 and retrieved articles related to AI and anaesthesia. After careful consideration of the content, we prepared the review to highlight the growing importance of AI in anaesthesia. Awareness and understanding of the basics of AI are the first steps to be undertaken by clinicians. In this narrative review, we have discussed salient features of ongoing AI research related to anaesthesia and perioperative care.
Socio-Economic Status of Textile Workers with Special Reference to Puthiyamputhur Village of Thoothukudi District
Authors:   Department of Economics, St. Mary's College (Autonomous), Thoothukudi, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India., Amuth D.
Published: May 2024

In the world of textiles, India stands out thanks to its vast manufacturing capacity and plenty of raw materials. The textile industry, along with other significant sectors, not only forms the backbone of the economy but also makes significant contributions. It is worth mentioning that around 27 percent of the country's total foreign exchange earnings come from textile and apparel exports alone. The success and sustainability of the textile industry are greatly affected by how satisfied the employees are. The economic and social standing of the textile workers in the Puthiyamputhur hamlet of Thoothukudi District is the primary subject of this research.
Impact of Income Diversification on Capital Market Investment Decision: A Study on Indian Public Sector Banks
Authors:   Department of Commerce, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, India., Pal Brajaballav , Choudhury Saswata , Pal Saoni ,   Department of Economics and Commerce, Adamas University, Barasat, West Bengal, Kolkata 700126, West Bengal, India.
Published: May 2024

Income diversification strategy is one of the useful tools of risk management technique. Banks have identified different sources of income apart from their traditional source of income. Capital market is one of such source of income identified by the banks today. Every year banks invest a large volume of fund in capital market. In this study it is attempted to observe the impact of income diversification on the capital market investment decision of the public sector banks in India. For this purpose data are collected from 12 public sector banks for 5 years period from 2017 to 2021. Variants of panel data regression analysis are applied in this study. The result revealed that there is a significant impact of income diversification on the capital market investment of Indian public sector banks.
Community-Driven Solutions for Sustainable Water Access: An Analysis of Jal Jeevan Mission in Rural India
Authors:   School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India., Balamurugan J. , Jayanth T. Mukesh , Jayakhar K.R. Prawin , R. Krishna Kumar ,   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: May 2024

The Jal Jeevan Mission, launched in 2019 under the National Rural Drinking Water Program, seeks to ensure tap water access to all rural households in India by 2024. Considering the crucial role of water in sustaining life and with a rapidly growing population, the program emphasizes sustainable water management through measures such as rainwater harvesting and conservation. By integrating modern technology and community participation, the initiative addresses challenges in maintaining a reliable water supply. Lessons from India's experience demonstrate the importance of cost-effective and sustainable water management, emphasizing community engag
Social Media: A Communication Instrument
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Communication, College of Agricultural, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Udham Singh Nagar, Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India., Kandpal Arpita Sharma
Published: May 2024

Nowadays, organizations are going international to capitalize on the opportunities in terms of a bigger market, cheaper resources, and flexible policies. Various types of organizations are working at the international level. They are like international companies, multinational companies, global organizations, translational organizations, international schools, international universities, etc. For this, managers need to upskill themselves to promote their organization at the international level. But we often see, a lack of proper skillset causes organizational conflict, and thus, productivity is hampered. This article is suitable for entry-level managers as well as students of human resource management who will lead a company at the international level in the upcoming days.
Study of Outcome of Diathermic Incision Cautery more than 5 cms in General and Urologic Surgery Operations
Authors:   Department of Urology, Bharti Hospital & Research Centre, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra-411043, India., Dhangar Sanjay P , Patil Sheetal , Karande Ketan ,   Department of Urology, Bharti Hospital & Research Centre, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra-411043, India.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Cutting diathermy is a more recent alternative to scalpel for surgical incisions. Its use was limited due to fear of increased risk of infection, impair healing and decrease cosmesis. However, recent studies suggest otherwise, claiming that diathermy may offer potential advantages with respect to blood loss, incision time and post-operative pain. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the outcome of diathermic incision in terms of healing, post-op pain and scar characteristics in operations with incisions more than 5 cm in size. Materials & Methods: A hospital based observational study included 182 cases scheduled to undergo surgery requiring more than approximately 5 cm of incision. Cases were operated by surgeons who have a minimum of 3 years of experience. Incision time, wound healing, post-op pain and scar characteristics were noted at discharge and follow up at 7th and 30th day. Results: Mean incision time was 24.5 seconds with almost half of the cases (48.9%) had incision time between 20-30 seconds. A significant improvement was observed in all cases regarding mean Southampton wound score and pain score from day of discharge till day 30th of follow up. A significant improvement was also observed in patient and observer scar assessment scale in all the sub categories from day of discharge till day 30th of follow up None of the cases complaint of any surgical site infections or scar related complications. Conclusion: Electrocautery can be considered as effective and safe in making large skin incision. It is associated with less incision time, faster healing, low post-operative pain and good scar characteristics.
Gossypiboma: A Surgeon’s Nightmare: A Systematic Review and Case Report
Authors:   Department of General of Surgery, Vamshodaya Hospital, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India., H.G Vinay , N Naveen , MP Ramprashanth , MD Safeera ,   Department of General of Surgery, Vamshodaya Hospital, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India.
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the trends in Gossypiboma over 1975-2023 and the impact on the career of a surgeon. Background: Gossypibomas are the most feared and undesired complication of surgery. Despite numerous guidelines, they still exist in our modern society. Here, we examine worldwide data along with a case report. Patient: A 46-year-old diabetic anaemic female with a 6-month earlier history of operative management for cancer of the cervix (stage IA2) presented with features suggesting acute intestinal obstruction. She was managed by emergency laparotomy and removal of the retained foreign body. Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed for gossypiboma and was limited to case reports from 1975-2023. Analysis using Excel and Python. Results: In a study of 289 total gossypiboma cases, analysis revealed that Asia had the highest incidence (53.53%, n=269), and the most common symptom was pain (36.5%, n=287). Additionally, age and time of discovery exhibited an upward trend, with thoracic cases taking the longest to discover. Conclusion: Surgeon accountability for unintentional mistakes, akin to random errors, sparks debate. Gossypibomas emphasize the need to follow rigorous safety standards and team work endorsed by WHO.
Pengaruh Ekstrakurikuler Angklung Terhadap Kecerdasan Musikal Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Wardani Herfina , Putri Mellysa , Sugiyarti Dian , Afsanti Isma , Utami Novianti Retno
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of angklung extracurricular activities on the musical intelligence of early childhood. It adopts an experimental research design with a pretest-posttest one-group design method, which allows for the evaluation of changes in musical intelligence before and after participation in the angklung activities. The research was conducted at TK BAIK Yogyakarta, involving 27 children aged 5-6 years in class B, ensuring a focused and specific demographic. Saturation sampling was chosen as the sampling technique, ensuring that all eligible participants from the population were included in the study. Data collection involved the utilization of a musical intelligence test instrument, carefully selected to measure the desired constructs effectively. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, providing a comprehensive overview of the participants' musical intelligence levels. The research findings revealed a significant increase in musical intelligence, as evidenced by the difference between the average pretest score of 79.85 and the posttest score of 84.96, with a difference of 5.11 points. This disparity underscores the positive impact of angklung extracurricular activities on enhancing the musical intelligence of 5-6-year-old children. The implications of this study suggest that incorporating angklung extracurricular activities into early childhood education programs can serve as a valuable approach for fostering musical intelligence development in young learners.
Effects of rTMS for Insomnia disorder on fear memory extinction: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Zhang Bidan , Li Panpan , Xu Wenyue , Zhang Danwei , Zhao Bei , Wang Zhoubin , Wang Bin
Published: May 2024

Background: Fear memory extinction is closely related to insomnia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is safe and effective for insomnia disorder (ID) and it has been shown an efficient method to modulate fear extinction. However, whether rTMS can improve fear extinction memory in ID patients remains to be studied. This study specifically aims to (1) 1-Hz rTMS stimulation could improve fear extinction memory of ID patients and (2) examine whether change in sleep mediates this impact.
Methods and design: We propose a parallel group randomized, double-blinded trial of 62 ID participants meeting criteria. Participants will be assigned to a real rTMS group or a sham rTMS group. The allocation ratio is 1:1, with 31 subjects in each group. Interventions will be administered five times per week over a 4-week period. Assessments will take place at baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 4) and 8-week follow-up (week 8). The primary outcome measures of this study will be mean change scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The secondary outcome measures include the mean change values of skin conductance responses (SCR), fear expectation during fear extinction, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).
Discussion: This study will be the first examination of the impact of rTMS on fear memory extinction in ID patients.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trials Register, ChiCTR2300076097. Registered on 25 September 2021.
A Systematic Review Focusing on Understanding the Effects of a Defined Set of Non-Modifiable Factors in Patients who Suffer from Chemotherapy Induced Cognitive Impairments or “Chemobrain”
Authors: Sharafkhaneh Saba , Shepherd Hannah Kim , Kujawski William Alex
Published: May 2024

Background: As the population of cancer survivors increases, there are increasing reports of patients experiencing chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI). About 75% of cancer patients experience CICI during or after treatment; from that 75%, up to 35% will have persistent CICI for years following their initial treatment.
The objective of this review is to discuss how non-modifiable factors (NMF) can be used in clinical settings to predict the severity of CICI in both cancer patients and cancer survivors. The NMFs this publication focuses on are demographics, genetics, inflammation, changes to brain structure, and type of cancer. The authors hope this information will benefit future clinicians by informing how certain NMFs predispose patients to CICI.
Methods: A scoping review was initially conducted to narrow potential topics of exploration relating to CICI. From here, the authors chose certain factors determined non-modifiable. They used the PubMed database for the review. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, the authors narrowed an initial 16,757 papers to 40 for review. The Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB2) tool was used to assess risk of bias.
Results: The studies show that older age, increased DNA methylation, decreased telomerase activity, genetics, changes in brain structure and volume, cancer type, increased cytokine factors, and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serve as nonmodifiable predictive factors for CICI.
Discussion: The purpose of this systematic review is to establish that certain NMFs—factors which cannot be changed—can be used to determine the risk of developing CICI. The authors urge researchers to use these factors to identify those that may be at greater risk for developing CICI and thus diagnose CICI during earlier stages.
Funding: The authors received no funding for this systematic review.
Registration:Protocol registered on PROSPERO Aug 2022. Registration number 42022349844.
Revelation method of unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment
Authors: Liu XinHua , Liu ChuangRui , Liu HanRui
Published: May 2024

Wheeler proposed the "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. Perhaps the quantum delayed eraser experiments revealed Wheeler's unmeasurable phenomenon. However, all quantum delayed eraser experiments involve non-locality between entangled photon pairs, causing the timing relationship between events on the idler path and events on the signal path to not necessarily represent the timing relationship between the correspond events on the signal path. In the quantum delayed eraser experiments, the time distinguishing the path passing through the double-slit on the signal path is when they pass through the slits. Therefore, the quantum delayed eraser experiments do not adhere to the condition in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment, which need the distinction of the photons passing through the double-slit is done after the formation of the fringe pattern. The results of the quantum delayed eraser experiments do not exhibit the unmeasured phenomenon of Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. This paper proposes a method that eliminates the non-locality effects of entangled photons without using entangled photon pairs. By dividing the route of photons passing through the double-slit into two routes and verifying the fringe pattern based on the number of photons on the two routes, Wheeler's notion of an unmeasured phenomenon becomes measurable, thus providing a revelation method of the unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.
A Systematic Realist Synthesis of Digital Interventions for Enhancing Mental Health at Work: Contexts, Mechanisms, and Outcomes
Authors: Zuberbuhler Josefina Peláez , Pietrantoni Luca , Mazzetti Greta , De Angelis Marco , Giusino Davide , Román-Niaves Mabel San , Guglielmi Dina , Salanova Marisa
Published: May 2024

Background: Digital interventions (DIs) have emerged as promising tools for promoting mental health in the workplace. However, evidence on if, how, and under what circumstances they affect positive outcomes requires elucidation. This systematic realist review aimed to synthesize current knowledge on contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes of workplace DIs to enhance mental health at work.
Methods: The review integrates elements of both systematic and realist review methodologies. Forty-four workplace mental health DIs studies were gathered through a systematic electronic search using PsycNet, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubPsych.
Results: Results showed that demographics, previous mental health, and personal skills were the main individual context factors influencing the success of DIs. Key mechanisms were DIs usage, frequency, adherence, and relevance of content triggering positive perceptual shifts. Results showed improvements in psychological resources, wellbeing, and affect. Reduced ill-health symptoms were also evidenced. Five propositions were developed on the contexts and mechanisms under which digital interventions yield positive outcomes for mental health at work.
Conclusions: This study highlights several areas where future research can expand our understanding of DIs in the workplace by examining interactions between mechanisms and cultural aspects influencing implementation.
Biocatalytic enantioselective formation and ring-opening of oxetanes
Authors: Wan Nan-Wei , Hua Xia , Wang Yuan-Fei , Jin Xiao , Yu Hong-Yin , Wang Hui-Hui , Chen Yong-Zheng
Published: May 2024

The remarkable selectivity, sustainability, and efficiency afforded by biocatalytic strategies position them as complements or alternatives to traditional synthetic methods. Nevertheless, the currently narrow spectrum of enzymatic reactions available imposes limitations on synthesizing diverse desired compounds. Consequently, there continues to be a high demand for developing novel biocatalytic processes to access reactions that were previously unattainable. Herein, we report the discovery and subsequent protein engineering of a unique halohydrin dehalogenase to develop a biocatalytic platform for enantioselective formation and ring-opening of oxetanes. This biocatalytic platform, exhibiting high efficiency, excellent enantioselectivity, and broad scopes, facilitates the preparative-scale synthesis of not only both enantiomers of chiral oxetanes (up to 49% yield, >99 e.e.) but also a variety of chiral γ-substituted alcohols (up to 53% yield, >99 e.e.). Additionally, both the enantioselective oxetane formation and ring-opening processes have been proven scalable for large-scale transformations (20 mmol) at high substrate concentrations (200 mM), and can be integrated efficiently in a one-pot, one-catalyst cascade system. Moreover, useful derivatizations highlight the potential synthetic applications of the biocatalytic platform. This work expands the enzymatic toolbox for non-natural reactions and will promote further exploration of the catalytic repertoire of halohydrin dehalogenases in synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry.
Variation in plant traits along a tropical wet-dry gradient: a test of ecophysiological theories
Authors: Zhang-Zheng Huanyuan , Malhi Yadvinder , Gvozdevaite Agne , Peprah Theresa , Boakye Mickey , Ziemińska Kasia , Adu-Bredu Stephen , Gutiérrez Jesús Aguirre , Sandoval David , Tang Minxue , Prentice Iain , Menor Imma Oliveras
Published: May 2024

Many ecophysiological theories have been proposed as universal rules to calculate plant photosynthesis given their living environment, where temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) are commonly considered. Although these theories claim universality and have been applied in global modeling, they are often developed and tested using global datasets that confound temperature and VPD and lack data from tropical Africa where there is minimal temperature variation. Here we confront these theories with tree traits collected along a VPD gradient in West Africa. Widely used ecophysiological theories were used to derive predictions about the variation in key plant traits along the wet-dry gradient. Most photosynthetic traits measurements along the gradient show trends consistently predicted by optimality-theory, including higher net CO2 assimilation rate and greater photosynthetic capacity at drier sites, and an association of higher photosynthetic capacity with greater respiration rates and greater water transport. Hydraulic traits show less consistency with theory or global-scale patterns, especially predictions based on xylem efficiency-safety tradeoff. Nonetheless, the link between photosynthesis and water transport still holds: species (predominantly deciduous species found in dry sites) with both high sapwood-to-leaf area ratio (AS/AL) and high potential hydraulic conductivity (Kp) (i.e. high transpiration), tend to have both high photosynthetic capacity and low leaf-internal CO2.
Extradural Giant Thoracic Schwannoma on a Pediatric Patient; A Case Report
Authors: Çiçek Caner , Dağıstan Yaşar , Akyüz Yağız
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Giant extradural thoracic schwannomas are very rare tumors in the pediatric age group and often occur together with neurofibromatosis. Giant schwannomas span across more than 2 vertebral segments and have an extraspinal extension of over 2.5 cm. In this case, we report on a 5-year-old boy with a purely extradural giant schwannoma without accompanying neurofibromatosis.
Clinical Presentation
5 year-old male patient; applied to the orthopedics and traumatology outpatient clinic with complaints of difficulty in walking following waist and left leg pain after falling from a chair. Contrast-enhanced spinal MRI and cranial MRI was planned, and as a result of the MRI; the patient was diagnosed with an extradural spinal lesion measuring 22x18x35 mm that pushed the spinal cord to the right at the T10-12 level and extended into the left foramen at the T11-12 level. The patient was operated. The tumor was removed completely by performing bilateral laminoplasty at the T10-11-12 levels. Histopathology result reported Schwannoma.
Conclusion
Giant schwannomas are slow-growing tumors that rarely occur in childhood. In these patients, spinal traumas can lead to serious neurological deficits. Early diagnosis and successful surgery can prevent permanent neurological damage.
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of risk factors associated with unfavorable response to treatments in rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Lv Luyi , Ye Ling , Lan Jianhua , Fang Min , Wang Tao , Wu Zhiyu , Wu Shugen , Lu Weili , Peng Chunxian , Lu Tao
Published: May 2024

Background
This study aimed to analyze the risk factors influencing the unfavorable responses to treatments in rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients for the early identification of high-risk patients and timely interventions.
Methods
Rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases, Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, were included. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the relevant risk factors, and the predictive value of these risk factors was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
A total of 731 rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.397, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.227-4.684), age ≥ 60 years (OR = 3.527, 95% CI 1.675-7.425), concomitant respiratory failure (OR = 3.727, 95% CI 1.163-11.944), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 1.008, 95% CI 1.002-1.013), decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio (OR = 0.783, 95% CI 0.628-0.976), and low body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.908, 95% CI 0.829-0.994) were identified as risk factors for failed treatments in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients (P< 0.05). Male gender (OR = 13.701, 95% CI 1.461-128.481), age ≥ 60 years (OR = 5.684, 95% CI 1.058-30.538), concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR = 3.531, 95% CI 1.163-10.718), hypoalbuminemia (OR = 0.801, 95% CI 0.692-0.928), decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio (OR = 0.637, 95% CI 0.412-0.984), and low BMI (OR = 0.787, 95% CI 0.643-0.963) were identified as prognostic risk factors for rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients (P < 0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) for CRP, CD4+/CD8+, and BMI in predicting unfavorable treatment responses were 0.697, 0.576, and 0.632, respectively. The AUCs for serum albumin, CD4+/CD8+, and BMI in predicting mortality in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients were 0.907, 0.651, and 0.710, respectively.
Conclusion
Male gender, age ≥ 60 years, concomitant respiratory failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypoalbuminemia, elevated CRP, decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and low BMI were identified as risk factors for unfavorable treatment responses in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients. Specifically, serum albumin alone showed the highest prognostic predictive value among rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients.
Predicting the Severity of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia in Pediatric and Adult Patients: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Zhuo Li-Yong , Hao Jia-Wei , Song Zi-Jun , Meng Huan , Wang Tian-da , Yang Lu-lu , Yang Zi-Mei , Ma Jia-Mei , Shen Dan , Cui Jing-jing , Yang Wei , Zang Li-li , Yin Xiao-ping , Wang Jia-ning
Published: May 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop a nomogram model for early prediction of the severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP) in Pediatric and Adult Patients.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with MPP, classifying them into SMPP and non-severe MPP (NSMPP) groups. A total of 550 patients (NSMPP 374 and SMPP 176) were enrolled in the study and allocated to training, validation cohorts. 278 patients (NSMPP 224 and SMPP 54) were retrospectively collected from two institutions and allocated to testing cohort. The risk factors for SMPP were identified using univariate analysis. For radiomic feature selection, Spearman’s correlation and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were utilized. Logistic regression was used to build different models, including clinical, imaging, radiomics, and integrated models (combining clinical, imaging, and radiomics features selected). The model’s discrimination was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic curve, its calibration with a calibration curve, and the results were visualized using the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.
Results: Thirteen clinical features and fourteen imaging features were selected for constructing the clinical and imaging models. Simultaneously, a set of twenty-five radiomics features were utilized to build the radiomics model. The integrated model demonstrated good calibration and discrimination in the training cohorts (AUC, 0.922; 95% CI: 0.900, 0.942), validation cohorts (AUC, 0.879; 95% CI: 0.806, 0.920), and testing cohorts (AUC, 0.877; 95% CI: 0.836, 0.916). The discriminatory and predictive efficacy of the clinical model in testing cohorts increased further after clinical and radiological features were incorporated (AUC, 0.849 vs. 0.922, P = 0.002).
Conclusion: The model demonstrated exemplary predictive efficacy for SMPP by leveraging a comprehensive set of inputs, encompassing clinical data, quantitative and qualitative radiological features, along with radiomics features. The integration of these three aspects in the predictive model further enhanced the performance of the clinical model, indicating the potential for extensive clinical applications.
Euphorbium compositum SN improves the innate defenses of the airway mucosal barrier network during rhinovirus infection
Authors: Rajput Charu , Ganjian Haleh , Muruganandam Ganesh , Weyer Kathrin , Dannenmaier Julia , Seilheimer Bernd , Sajjan Umadevi
Published: May 2024

Background
Rhinoviruses (RV) are the major cause of common colds in healthy individuals and are associated with acute exacerbations in patients with chronic lung diseases. Yet, no vaccines or effective treatment against RV are available. This study investigated the effect of Euphorbium compositum SN (ECSN6), a multicomponent, multitarget medication made from natural ingredients, on the mucosal barrier network during RV infection.
Methods
Mucociliary-differentiated airway epithelial cell cultures were infected with RV or sham, and treated with 20% ECSN6 or placebo twice daily. Barrier integrity was assessed by measuring transepithelial resistance (TER), permeability to inulin, and expression and localization of intercellular junctions proteins (IJ). Ciliary beat frequency (CBF), expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, antiviral interferons and mucins, and viral load were also measured. C57BL/6 mice were infected intranasally with RV or sham and treated with 40% ECSN6 or placebo twice daily. Inflammation of sinunasal mucosa, localization of E-cadherin, viral load and mucin gene expression were determined.
Results
ECSN6-treated, uninfected cell cultures showed small, but significant increase in TER over placebo, which was associated with enhanced localization of E-cadherin and ZO-1 to IJ. In RV-infected cultures, treatment with ECSN6, but not placebo prevented RV-induced 1) reduction in TER, 2) dissociation of E-cadherin and ZO-1 from the IJ, 3) mucin expression, and 4) CBF attenuation. ECSN6 also decreased RV-stimulated expression pro-inflammatory cytokines and permeability to inulin. Although ECSN6 significantly increased the expression of some antiviral type I and type III interferons, it did not alter viral load. In vivo, ECSN6 reduced RV1B-induced mild inflammation of sinunasal mucosa, beneficially affected RV1B-induced cytokine responses and Muc5ac mRNA expression and prevented RV-caused dissociation of E-cadherin from the IJ of nasal mucosa without an effect on viral clearance.
Conclusions
ECSN6 prevents RV-induced airway mucosal barrier dysfunction and improves the immunological and mucociliary barrier function. ECSN6 may maintain integrity of barrier function by promoting localization of tight and adherence junction proteins to the IJ. This in turn may lead to the observed decrease in RV-induced pro-inflammatory responses in vitro. By improving the innate defenses of the airway mucosal barrier network, ECSN6 may alleviate respiratory symptoms caused by RV infections.
Successful Corneal Endothelium Preservation in the Management of an Iris Membrane with repeated 5- Fluorouracil injections and membranectomy
Authors: Kam Ka Wai , Ma Andre , Ng Joanna , Choi Paul , Yip Wilson Wai Kuen , Young Alvin L.
Published: May 2024

A 74-year-old Chinese man underwent extracapsular cataract extraction in his right eye and developed a translucent iris membrane 4 months later. He was treated with two intracameral 5-FU injections and membranectomy at 2 weeks apart. At one year following the second membranectomy, the patient maintained a clear cornea without residual or recurrent membrane, an endothelial cell density of 1072 cell/mm2, a visual acuity of 20/50 and a normal intraocular pressure. Our technique of using dispersive and cohesive viscoelastics in protecting the corneal endothelium from intracameral 5-FU, helped preserve corneal endothelial cells and maintain corneal clarity at two years after surgery.
High Costs of GHG Abatement with Electrifying the Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet with Heterogeneous Preferences of Vehicle Consumers
Authors: Khanna Madhu , Zhong Jia , Ramea Kalai
Published: May 2024

Ambitious policy targets have recently been set in the US to increase the share of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in new vehicle sales to 50%, supported by the Clean Vehicle tax credit and investment in electric vehicle charging infrastructure, to reduce GHG emissions from the transportation sector. We develop an integrated multi-sector model that accounts for the effects of consumer heterogeneity in the tangible and intangible costs of BEVs and behavioral preferences in influencing vehicle purchase choices, the dynamics of vehicle stock turnover, and the additional emissions from electricity generation induced by EVs to analyze the effectiveness of these policies in achieving their targets and their economic costs. We find that with the projected mix of electricity generation, these policies will increase the share of BEVs in vehicle stock to 20% at most and reduce GHG emissions by 5% (net of the increase in GHG emissions from the electricity sector) in 2030 compared to the baseline. The net present value of the cumulative welfare costs of these policies over 2022–2030, on the transportation and electricity sectors, is $411 Billion (B) and their cumulative GHG abatement is about 0.9 B metric tons (Mg) of CO2, implying a welfare cost of abatement of $458 per Mg of CO2; this is several times larger than estimates of the social cost of carbon. Our findings question the efficacy of a single-minded policy focus on the electrification of vehicles to decarbonize the transportation sector and indicate a significant role for a diversified approach that includes advancing low-carbon biofuels that can lower the carbon intensity of driving most vehicles that will continue to require liquid fuels in the coming decades.
An HIV model incorporating partial vaccination and treatment
Authors: Rassim Darazirar
Published: May 2024

This article introduces a mathematical model that combines HIV dynamics with a compartment for chronic illnesses. The model considers the influence of incomplete vaccination on HIV transmission, as well as the disease’s various phases and immune response. A model study, including the determination of the basic reproduction number R0, indicates the influence of vaccination on the long-term prevalence of HIV. If R0 is more than one, the sickness continues; if it is less than one, the disease dies. The shift of individuals into the chronic illness compartment is being investigated. The findings highlight the relevance of vaccine effectiveness and length of protection in preventing HIV transmission and progression to chronic phases. This study has important implications for HIV prevention and management techniques.
Beyond the blockade: Exploring research outputs in the Gaza strip
Authors: Mhamdi Ridha
Published: May 2024

The objective of this paper is to investigate the scholarly output of researchers from the Gaza Strip. Utilizing the Scopus database, we retrieved 4076 documents authored by Gaza-based researchers, focusing on research articles and reviews. Through bibliometric analysis using SciVal and VOSviewer, we examined publication and citation patterns, subject areas and topics, prolific authors, highly cited papers, institutional dynamics, and international collaboration. Our findings reveal a remarkable scholarly engagement from Gaza despite adversities, with a steady increase in annual publications, notably surpassing 400 publications per year in 2022 and 2023. The citations count witnessed a significant rise, reflecting an increasing visibility and influence of Gaza's research output worldwide. Notably, the Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) exceeded the global average, highlighting the quality and impact of Gaza's publications. Gaza's research spans diverse subject areas, with Medicine, Engineering, Materials Science, and Physics emerging as the most prolific. Topics such as construction engineering, public health, and mathematics demonstrate the breadth and significance of research conducted in the region. The Islamic University of Gaza, Al-Azhar University of Gaza, and Al-Aqsa University have demonstrated resilience amidst conflict, contributing significantly to scholarly output despite facing destruction and targeting. Prolific authors like Tayeh B.A., Alajerami Y.S.M., and Awadallah M.A. have made substantial contributions across various disciplines, showcasing Gaza's potential and dedication to research. International collaboration has been pivotal, with collaborations spanning 159 countries. However, constraints imposed by the siege and occupation have hindered the development of robust local academic networks, reflected in lower FWCI scores associated with national and institutional collaborations. These findings can help raise awareness of the valuable contributions being made by Gazan researchers and advocate for increased recognition and support for their work.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de aplicativo móvel para o estudo da matemática e preparação para o ENEM
Authors: Alves Felipe Omena Marques , Honório Ana Flávia Resende Oliveira , Gomes Alex Sandro
Published: May 2024

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento e a análise de um aplicativo móvel, utilizado como instrumento para estudo da Matemática, cuja finalidade é a preparação para o Enem. Esta pesquisa foi realizada no Instituto Federal, campus Floresta, durante o ensino remoto, tendo seu processo de investigação conduzido em três fases: análise curricular do Ensino Médio, desenvolvimento do aplicativo e análise das percepções da experiência dos usuários, composta por 62 estudantes e 2 docentes. Os resultados indicam ser uma abordagem de estudo prática e de fácil utilização, que fornece uma experiência de aprendizagem extra sala e que contribui para o autoaprendizado. Através dos acompanhamentos dos desempenhos individuais e coletivos fornecido pelo aplicativo, os professores tiveram uma visão mais holística dos aprendizados da turma, podendo promover ações acadêmicas visando a melhoria do rendimento dos estudantes.
O Fenômeno da evasão em dois cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio no Instituto Federal de São Paulo
Authors: Lima Tamara , Souza Leandro Aparecido de , Rinaldi Renata Portela , Rinaldi José Gilberto Spasiani
Published: May 2024

Este artigo analisa o fenômeno da evasão em dois cursos técnicos em informática integrados ao ensino médio em dois campi do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo. A escolha do objeto investigado se deu porque tal fenômeno, sobretudo no ensino médio, configura-se como tema de forte tensão de debates em diferentes âmbitos educacionais e políticos. O objetivo é identificar as características da evasão em dois diferentes contextos colocando em evidência os principais fatores/aspectos e atributos que acometem adolescentes e jovens. A investigação se caracteriza como um estudo de caso múltiplo ancorado na abordagem qualiquantitativa, cujos dados estudados compreendem os anos de 2016 a 2018. A pesquisa utilizou documentos oficiais produzidos no âmbito dos campi investigados, contou com observação participante nos Conselhos Pedagógicos bimestrais e a análise dos dados ocorreu por meio da técnica de triangulação de dados. No período analisado, os índices da evasão nos dois campi são decrescentes, sendo as turmas de primeiros anos aquelas em que a incidência da evasão é maior, diminuindo nos anos subsequentes. Os resultados apontam para uma multicausalidade do fenômeno da evasão e uma correlação com a retenção. A falta de identificação com o curso e um processo frágil de escolarização no ensino fundamental também acabam por dificultar a adaptação do estudante ao modelo de ensino integral. Ainda, foi possível perceber que existe uma sensibilização de docentes e equipe técnico-pedagógica para o fenômeno da evasão, já que se têm investido em ações que visam combatê-lo.
BIG DATA Y SU INFLUENCIA EN LA PERSONALIZACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS DE MARKETING
Authors: Basurto Intriago Digna María , Intriago Valarezo Jorge Rodrigo , Villavicencio Campozano Víctor Daniel , Saltos Ganchozo Yomaira Estefania
Published: May 2024

El big data está transformando la dinámica del marketing moderno al permitir una personalización más precisa y efectiva de las estrategias comerciales. Es así que, este estudio examina cómo el big data influye en la personalización de las estrategias de marketing, destacando su importancia en un entorno empresarial altamente competitivo y centrado en el cliente. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y análisis de casos prácticos de empresas líderes en diferentes sectores, se buscó comprender cómo el uso del big data impacta en la forma en que las empresas diseñan y ejecutan sus estrategias de marketing. La metodología empleada incluyó la revisión bibliográfica y el análisis documental para identificar tendencias, mejores prácticas y casos de estudio relevantes en la aplicación del Big Data en el marketing. Los resultados de este estudio revelan que el impacto del big data en el marketing es significativo, dado que, según datos internos de empresas como Amazon, el uso de recomendaciones personalizadas basadas en datos del usuario ha llevado a un aumento impresionante del 75% en las ventas.