bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Значение итогов местных выборов 2021 г. и программы законодательных мер правительства Британии
Authors: Ananieva Elena
Published: May 2021

Значение итогов региональных выборов 2021 года в Британии выходит за рамки обновления местных органов власти. Лейбористам предрекают уход с политической сцены, консерваторам – длительное правление. Шотландская национальная партия рассчитывает на второй референдум о независимости с неясными перспективами. На фоне итогов выборов программа законодательных мер правительства Бориса Джонсона на 2021 – 2022 годы предполагает закрепление электорального преимущества тори, укрепление правопорядка и ослабление левых.
Социальные цели ЕС в условиях пандемии
Authors: Bisson Liubov
Published: May 2021

7-8 мая 2021 года в городе Порту состоялся Социальный саммит ЕС, призванный придать политический импульс реализации Европейской опоры социальных прав в условиях пандемии. Автор отмечает значимую роль и участие социальных партнёров, а также указывает на традиционные противоречия и разногласия вокруг путей достижения социальных целей в ЕС.
Sociology and Education in an Academic Career
Authors: Serpa Sandro
Published: May 2021

The feature of life that follows aims to reflect on some topics that emerge from my 20 years of academic life, always in deep articulation between Sociology and Education. Without pretending to be thorough, the following topics emerge: the dialogue between sciences; interaction between people; organization and, at the same time, preparedness for the unexpected; classes with an active component; the importance of general culture; the need for permanent updating; publishing implies knowledge systematization; open access as an inevitability in scientific publication.
Thyroid: proliferative lesions in perinatal necropsies
Authors: Pereda-Garay Jose
Published: May 2021

Atypical thyroid lesions have been found in a routine study of perinatal necropsies. This type of lesions means Thyroid carcinoma which is suppose result of changes in the DNA along the years. In the perinatal product, DNA changes may occur during the fecundation or abnormal DNA is transmitted by one of the parents. So families should be studied. Identification of DNA changes will prove the importance of the perinatal necropsy in the family health.
Metformin-Mg2+ adjunct therapy synergistically modulates insulin and PDX-1 gene signatures in STZ-NAD induced diabetic model
Authors: FAPOHUNDA Oluwaseun , OGUNLEYE Femi Abiola , OGUNWA Tomisin Happy , OMOTUY Idowu Olaposi , SAMUEL Titilola Titilayoaderonke , INYANG Kayode Olumide , ADEJUBE Hellen Omolade , SALIU Jamiyu Ayodeji
Published: May 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multi-factorial debilitating disorder of metabolism, usually due to a combination of hereditary and environmental causes, resulting in abnormally high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) as a result of defects in either insulin secretion or insulin action in the body. DM is usually accompanied by hypomagnesemia. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on pancreatic gene expression of insulin and PDX-1 in type-2 streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced Sprague dawley diabetic rats. A total of 24Sprague dawleyrats (Four groups of six rats each), were used for this study; Group 1: Normal rats (CONTROL) given distilled water for 4weeks; Group 2: Metformin + Magnesium treated rats (DMM) orally given 100mg/kg and 1000mg/kg body weight respectively for 4weeks; Group 3: Metformin treated diabetic rats (DM), orally given 100mg/kg body weight for 4weeks; Group 4: Diabetic untreated control rats (DU) given distilled water for 4weeks. Measured data were analyzed statistically. The result revealed that there was significant (p<0.05) increase in the feed and water intake of the treated rats but the metformin-magnesium supplement treated group showed more increase when compared with only metformin treated group. PDX-1 and insulin gene expression levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the control when compared with all the diabetic groups. However, PDX-1 and insulin mRNA levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in DMM, when compared with DM. DMM showed improvements when compared with DM which suggests magnesium supplementation as an adjunct therapy with metformin may help inthe regeneration of the beta cells of the pancreas.
Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with 3 lineages differentiation & the challenge in the establishing of the diagnosis: a case report
Authors: Ghazal Mariam Al , Khamseen Rehab Bu
Published: May 2021

Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare form of acute leukemia comprising 2% to 3% of all acute leukemia diagnoses. The diagnosis of MPAL is based on flow cytometric analysis of the immunophenotype, which demonstrates expression of differentiation-related antigens belonging to multiple lineages commonly, one lineage is myeloid and the other is B and/or T lymphoid. Whether lineage differentiation determines clinical presentation and outcomes is unclear. Here we report a case of 37 years old man who presented with leukocytosis & found to have MPAL (mixed phenotype acute leukemia) with possible differentiation to 3 lineages as evident by flowcytometry cases with trilineage antigenic determinants are very rare.
Implementation of blood safety legislation in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Authors: Waheed Usman , Ahmed Naveed , Hussain Wafa , Wazeer  Akhlaaq , Saba Noor e , Qasim Zahida , Zaheer Hasan Abbas
Published: May 2021

Pakistan’s blood transfusion system is regulated by federal and provincial legislation, adopted since 1997. The Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) is one of the autonomously administered territories of Pakistan. The AJK’s blood safety act came out in 2003, to regulate the blood transfusion services but remained ineffective for the next decade due to no implementation. During the period 2014-2017, the AJK government sought technical assistance from the Islamabad Blood Transfusion Authority and initiated the implementation of blood safety legislation in the state of AJK through the AJK Blood Transfusion Authority. The AJK BTA identified and inspected 64 blood banks with a total annual blood collection of 30,833. The majority (75%) of the blood banks were in NGO/private sector while the remaining 25% belonged to the public sector. Only six blood banks fulfilled the minimum criteria of licensing set by the AJK BTA. As a result of this ground-breaking work, the AJK became the second region of the country (after Islamabad Capital Territory) to have completed a mapping and inspection exercise in the entire State. This will go a long way in the consolidation of blood transfusion services in AJK.
Prevailing approaches in chronic liver disease hemostasis
Authors: Vucelic Dragica , Grubor Nikica
Published: May 2021

Based on the emerging knowledge of the complexity and the flexibility of the systems involved in maintaing hemostasis in health and in disease, the tenet of coagulation in cirrhosis has undergone significant revision in the last 18 years. Recent attention has focused on global assays to better guide therapeutic decisions tailored to each patient’s clinical and hemostatic status. This new concept generates consequences in therapeutic interventions whether as prophylaxis or as salvage for acute events. There is yet no optimal management strategies for the critical clinical outcomes (bleeding or thrombosis) in cirrhotics neither as prophylaxis nor as therapy.
Case report: Thrombosis in children
Authors: Endara Julio Álvarez , Castellón  Susan Sardinas , Patricia Parra Nigañes , Marianela Arancibia , Natalia Nuñes Prado
Published: May 2021

Objective: We examined the effects of passenger air transport by regular airplanes for air transportation on blood for transfusion. Materials and methods: Irradiated red blood cell (RBC) solutions were transported by regular passenger airplanes which and were static in the cabin during the flight. Blood samples were evaluated visually and biochemically before and after transport. Hemolysis of the transported samples was compared to that of the non-transported ones. The vibration in the airplanes was also measured using a vibration data logger. Results: There was no significant hemolysis of RBCs during airplane transport. The vibration in the airplane was lower than that in automobiles. The temperature in the active transport refrigerator (ATR) room was maintained at 2−6°C. There was no significant hemolysis of RBCs during the two transport routes. Conclusion: Temperature-controlled air transport of blood transport in the ATR 700 airplane maintained a the blood at a good quality that rendered blood it fit for blood transfusion.
Inguinoscrotal bladder hernia: incidental finding on bone scintigraphy
Authors: Cardozo-Saavedra Anderson , Villasboas-Rosciolesi Diego , Carrillo-Villamizar Eliana , Menéndez-Sánchez Sandra , Bellviure-Meiro Ruben , García-Burillo Amparo , Castell-Conesa Joan
Published: May 2021

Inguinoscrotal hernia of the bladder is relatively uncommon, difficult to diagnose and remain a surgical challenge.[1,2,3,4] We report a 72-years-old man with a recent diagnosis of prostate neoplasm who underwent a Technetium-99 hidroximethylene-diphosphonate (Tc-99m HMDP) bone scintigraphy which reveals, as an incidental finding, a left inguinoscrotal hernia containing a portion of the urinary bladder.
Exploring a volunteer community residential care facility for new mothers
Authors: Withanage Romina , Hay Margaret , Menahem Samuel
Published: May 2021

Background:All women deserve a “dwelling space” during their postnatal period after the birth of their infant. This “space” provides her an opportunity to be cared for, to be replenished, to rest and to reflect on herself being a new mother before returning home. We explored a volunteer community residential service set up to help new mothers to document their experiences and determine if the outcomes matched their expectations. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were offered to all women who had utilised this service since its inception. The questionnaire explored their motivations to seek such as service and to learn of their experiences. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and a thematic analysis employed. Results: Over the last 8 years, 12 women, 4 twice, availed themselves of this service, two being first-time mothers. Reasons given by mothers for utilising this service included recovery from the trauma of childbirth both past and present, physical and emotional, and delaying assuming responsibilities at home. All the women had welcomed the “dwelling space”, being mothered, feeling replenished and having time to meaningfully relate to their newborn infant.The ambience of the accommodation and the care they received were above their expectations. All would recommend other new mothers to avail themselves of this service
Birth companion of choice: a survey amongst women who have given birth at a rural hospital in Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Summerton Joy V
Published: May 2021

Background: Advancements in medical interventions have contributed to the prevention of innumerable deaths of women and newborns globally, leading to the medicalization of childbirth, which may have inadvertently contributed to a dehumanization of the birthing experience by denying women the social and emotional support that they enjoyed when giving birth in the home environment. The WHO places equal importance on the quality of clinical care and the quality of experience of care. Emotional support, provided by a birth companion of choice, is critical for enhancing the experience of care during labour and birth. This study explores advocacy for women to have a birth companion, as well as perceptions of women about having a birth companion during labour and birth in a rural sub-district of Limpopo Province in South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a continuous electronic RMC client satisfaction survey, on an on-line platform, which was completed by 506 women in a postnatal ward of a rural district hospital. Observations of interactions between midwives, women in labour and their birth companions during labour and birth were conducted in the same hospital. The survey data was analysed using descriptive statistics in Excel, and comprises both univariate and bi-variate analyses. The qualitative data from the observations was analysed using thematic analysis techniques. Results: Over 80% of women who completed the survey reported that they were informed about what a birth companion is and encouraged to register a birth companion at the health facility where they were attending antenatal care. Almost half of the women (49%) who were encouraged to bring a birth companion, had a birth companion during labour, whereas 15% of those not encouraged to bring a birth companion, had a birth companion during labour. The respondents who were feeling neutral, happy and very happy about having a birth companion were most likely to recommend having a birth companion to their family member or friends. Conclusion: The findings show that encouraging and supporting the presence of a woman’s companion of choice during labour and childbirth is an effective intervention that is respectful of women’s autonomy and agency and which is crucial for improving quality of clinical care and the experience of care during labour and birth
Associated risk factors with seroprevalence of HIV and HBV co-infection among Pregnant women attending guelendeng health District in the Mayo-kebbi East Region of Chad
Authors: Philippe Nguwoh Salomon
Published: May 2021

Background: In Republic of Chad, the seroprevalence of HIV among antenatal pregnant women is known as decreasing over years meanwhile the epidemiological data among pregnant women for hepatitis B virus are scarce. The co-infection HIV/HBV increases the risk of mother to child transmission of both viruses. This study aimed to determine the rate of HIV, HBV co-infection and to identify the associated risk factors among pregnant women attending Guelendeng health district (GHD). Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted from March to May 2019 among pregnant women attending GHD. The questionnaire included demographics, AIDS and HBV knowledge, behavior factors and history of blood transfusion. Blood samples were obtained and tested serologically for HIV and HBV. The study of associations between exposure and outcome variables was sought with the odds ratio (OR), expressed with 95% confidence interval. Tests were performed using Epi info 7.0 with p<0.05 considered as significant. Results: Out of 200 enrolled pregnant women, the median age was 25years old with interquartile range from 20.5 to 30 years old. The seroprevalence of HIV, HBV and the co-infection HIV/HBV were 4.5% (95% CI: 2.1%-8.4%; 9/200), 13% (95% CI: 8.7%-18.5%; 26/200) and 2% (95 % IC: 0.6%-5%; 4/200) respectively. The antenatal age was associated to HBV infection (p=0.04) unlike HIV infection (p=0.4) and HIV/HBV co-infection (p=0.52). Women aged more than 29 years were most affected. Bivariate analysis identified that the non-use of condom (OR 7.79, 95% CI: 1.9-32.6, p=0.004) and blood transfusion history (OR 17.9, 95% CI: 2.6-124.8, p=0.01) were associated risk factors of contracting HIV. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of HIV and HBV remains high among pregnant women attending antenatal ward in Guelendeng Health District with associated risk factors such as age, blood transfusion and the non-use of condom with new sexual partners.
Large scale follow-up research study: SneakPeek® Early Gender DNA Test 99.9% accurate for fetal sex by live-birth confirmation
Authors: Milot Haley , Jerez Alexa de , Jacob Chris
Published: May 2021

Early fetal sex determination has become more prevalent among parents interested in planning for their unborn child. Current advances in non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) have facilitated this desire with safe and efficient methods such as the SneakPeek® Early Gender DNA Test (“SneakPeek”). Here, we report the accuracy of SneakPeek® from a large-scale clinical study of 1,029 pregnant women between 7 and 37 weeks of gestation (median =10 weeks). A follow-up survey was conducted on all study participants to determine whether the birth sex of their child matched the fetal sex test result reported by SneakPeek®. Venipuncture blood samples were collected from pregnant women in October through December of 2019, and subsequently analyzed with SneakPeek® to determine fetal sex. After birth, a survey was conducted to obtain live birth information for all participants in the study. Y-chromosome DNA was detected in 505 of the 506 samples from mothers that gave birth to baby boys, providing 99.8% sensitivity. Gender of all 523 newborn girls was identified correctly, resulting in 100% specificity. There were no cases of male DNA contamination identified in this study (i.e. no false positives). In the largest qPCR-based fetal sex test study to date, SneakPeek® test results were confirmed using the gold standard of the baby’s sex at birth. With 99.9% accuracy, SneakPeek® is the most reliable early fetal sex text available for expectant parents
Utility of modified mid-pregnancy body mass index in predicting obstetric outcomes in Middle Eastern population
Authors: A Begam Muzibunnisa , Salahudheen Sultan M
Published: May 2021

Objective: To test the value of mid-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) and weight gain in the second half of pregnancy in predicting pregnancy outcomes among Middle Eastern population where pre-gravid BMI was not available. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the obstetric outcomes of 290 women with singleton pregnancies who were categorized into underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), overweight (OW) and obese (OB) according to the BMI at 24-28 weeks of gestation and compared with recommended pre-gravid values by Institute of Medicine (2009). Results: The results showed that the gestational diabetes rate was significantly lower among the UW (2.4%) compared with the NW (8.8%, p<0.05), the OW (14.3%, p=0.006), and OB (20.5%, 0.001). The risk of having macrosomia was eight times higher among OW compared with NW women. The C-section rate was lowest among the UW group but there was no significant difference in terms C-section and low birth weight between groups. The obstetric outcomes among women whose weight gain was above the 90th and below the tenth centiles were not different. Conclusion: The prediction of obstetric outcomes by mid-pregnancy BMI is comparable to pre-gravid BMI. The results are encouraging, and further larger studies are needed to confirm the applicability
Public perceptions for managing coastal hazards-study on Indian sundarbans
Authors: Bera Rakesh
Published: May 2021

Community perception becomes a central issue for hazard mitigation of an area. Present study made an attempt to assess public opinion regarding various problems associated with life and livelihood of Sundarbans. A survey was conducted over 254 households located along 22 mangrove fringe villages of Kultali, Gosaba and Hingalganj. Waterlogging, erosion, salinity, storm surges and embankment breaching are the major challenges identified during the survey. Details account of causes, consequences and their spatial extension have been presented and future coping strategies are also recommended. Elevating houses (92%), green buffering (80%) and construction of pucca house (9.8%) are the desired coping strategies for different hazards. Regarding future strategies, 48% like to stay if Govt. initiated for hazard mitigation and 37% like to live with the disaster.
Transitional fishery: a new resource for global nutritional food and medicinal security
Authors: Yadav RC
Published: May 2021

Sea and river junctions form lagoon, sites become largely marshy land with fresh water at upper approaching river reach and brackish water towards sea. Such bays are plentiful in numbers and visited by aquatic birds during the winter seasons. Previous studies established vast possibility of harvesting biological nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) through aquatic bird droppings viz Guano. The vast sizes and number of such sites have huge potential for fishery with differing in quality characters which is termed as transitional fishery in the present study. Objective of the present study was to bring impetus in this new category of fishery with scientific management so as to make the venture highly efficient and responsive, and enable harnessing plentiful benefits of nutritional food and medicinal security. The transitional fishery was considered as ecosystems and various networks of ecology of land, vegetation, fish and aquatic birds were brought in a band for managing it in new pattern. Ecological lessons were hypothesized and validated by results on fishery on lagoons available in literatures. First innovative lesson was that fish adopt site in North East direction of fresh water stream, as also corroborated by honey bee comb sites on N-E side of any circular water tank’s supporting posts. The second innovative fact was to transformed terrestrial land as sites for growing highly palatable nitrogen rich organic feed for fishery. Thus, colonization and feeding become conclusive approach, as supported by past researches, as guide to fishery scientist to move steps ahead in harnessing productivity of lagoons. Thus, fresh and marine brackish water transition zones become vast resources for countries to derive prosperity and employment generations. The innovative fishery feed will be usable for other types of fisheries ie fresh water fishery as well as marine fishery.
Study of the osmotic regulation processing in the juvenile Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus. Borodin, 1897 in transfer directly to the Caspian seawater
Authors: Farabi SM Vahid
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to transfer directly juvenile Acipenser persicus from freshwater to the Caspian Seawater (CSW). The fish in different age and size (weight (W) & length (L)) groups (I: 35days, W: 2.75±0.15g & L: 7.93±0.47cm; II: 50days, W: 3.15±0.12g & L: 8.31±0.28cm; III: 65days, W: 4.33±0.12g & L: 9.39±0.29cm; n=90 for each group) and in two different saline water (FW: <0.5‰ and CSW: 12.5‰) were investigated. The fish were transferred directly from FW to CSW. After 168 hours, blood samples were taken from the fish. The results showed that the survival in all groups in CSW was from 56% up to 76% and increased with increasing age and weight of fish. Some hematological parameters and levels of cortisol, osmolarity and ion concentration (Na+, K+, Ca+2 and Mg+2) in the plasma were determined. The functional levels of the mechanism of osmotic and ionic homeostasis were similar in all groups (P>0.05) but differed in experimental media (P<0.05). Significant differences were observed between the levels of plasma ion concentrations in different media (P<0.05). Plasma Na+, K+ and Ca+2 concentrations were higher than those of FW media, but lower than in Brackish water media (P<0.05). Plasma Mg+2 concentrations were lower than those of FW and Brackish water media (P<0.05). The Hct, Hb, MCV, MCH and plasma osmolarity decreased and MCHC and plasma cortisol levels increased with increasing salinity (P<0.05). But the number of WBC and RBC did not change (P<0.05) and reached a stable state. Therefore, it is possible to release juvenile sturgeon directly from FW to CSW with increasing weight and age.
Age structure of non-native fish species, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) from the tributary of the Ganga river, India
Authors: Dwivedi Amitabh Chandra
Published: May 2021

Cyprinus carpio (e.g. culture and wild/capture) constitute a large part of daily meal of human population in Indian sub-continent. It shows benthic and sedentary behavior. Age structure of C. carpio was studied during February 2019 to January 2020 from fish landing centre at Sirsa, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The key scales were studied for estimation of age structure in the present study. A total of 548 fish specimens in length ranges between 97 to 687 mm and age classes of 0+ to 9+ were observed. Age structures were determined for male, female and pooled samples separately. The 1+ age group was most dominating stock with shared 23.53%, 24.64% and 24.09% in case of male, female and pooled samples, respectively. The age group 2+ was second dominating age class and this age class more attracted to fishermen for the exploitation. In case of pooled sample, 1+ age group was also dominated compared to 2+ and 3+ age groups. The old age groups of fishes were shared very minute proportion in the total stock. Present study was also indicated that the female fishes live longer than male from the Tons river at Prayagraj, India.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation in a male brain and his genitals for the influence of his genital system with problems related to his spermatozoa mobility and density
Authors: Anninos Photios , Anninou Nikolia , Adamopoulos Adam , Tsagas Nikolaos
Published: May 2021

Studies on a case of a woman that experienced many miscarriages without having any serious gynecological problems led us to search as an alternative to examine in a microbiological diagnostic laboratory her husband’s genital system. This test detected problems in man’s genital system. To overcome these problems, we thought of applying weak magnetic fields of the order of pT-TMS (pico-Tesla Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) on man’s brain and genital system in order to influence his genital system for its proper function with respect to the movement, the density and the better penetration of the spermatozoa after ejaculation in his wife ovule.
The results of different labour induction approaches: A Cross sectional study
Authors: Gómez Jorge Duro , Dominguez María Dolores Lara , Gonzalez Antonio De La Torre , Jimenez Araceli Lopez , Reyes Beatriz Pineda , Castelo-Branco Camil
Published: May 2021

Background and Purpose: To evaluate the use of prostaglandins and oxytocin in labour induction according to different indications. Perinatal outcomes, rate of vaginal delivery and complation of labour were studied and compared. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study from January 2012 to December 2012. 530 women who required labour induction were included. Seven groups were created according to the methods of induction. Women with twin pregnancies, induction of dead foetus, two previous caesarean sections or an incomplete clinical history were excluded. Results: The rate of vaginal deliveries in women that only received prostaglandins the first day was 84.6%; similar in women with prolonged pregnancies, 85.2%. The induction with oxytocin directly showed the highest rate of caesarean section. The rate of vaginal deliveries was 50% in women with previous caesarean section. Conclusions: A high rate of vaginal deliveries with a single dose of prostaglandin and within 24 hours of beginning induction. Administration of prostaglandins must be used when cervix is unfavorable and previous to oxytocin stymulation.
Assessment of RANS turbulence closure models for predicting airflow in neutral ABL over hilly terrain
Authors: Narjisse Amahjour , Abdellatif Khamlichi
Published: May 2021

Implementing wind farms in heights of a hilly terrain where wind speed is expected to be large may be viewed as a means to increase wind energy production without occupying fertile lands. Micro sitting of a wind farm in these conditions can gain dramatically from CFD simulation of fluid flow in the ABL above complex topography. However, this issue still poses tough challenges regarding the turbulence model to be used and the way to operate the near wall treatment in the presence eventually of separation. In this work, prediction capacity of RANS turbulence models was studied for a typical hill under the assumption of steady state and incompressible airflow regime in neutral ABL. Two models were analyzed by using COMSOL Multiphysics software packages. These included standard , and shear-stress transport . The most up-to-date procedures dedicated to near wall treatment were applied along with refined closer coefficients adjusted for the particular case of ABL. Considering wind tunnel test data, performance of the previous models was discussed in terms of converging mesh, computational time, reattachment point position and propensity of the model to retrieve the right level of turbulence flow in conditions of neutral stratifications. Then, a numerical simulation of the turbulent airflow over two slopes shapes of the symmetry hill by the validation of the experimental data has been then carried out. Both turbulence models agree well with air-velocity tested windward of the hills H3 and H5. Therefore, it was found that the standard model performs very well at the different positions of the low slope hill, and at the summit of a steep hill, but it over-predicts wind speed close to the wall, which requires an improvement of the near-wall treatment. However, the model in neutral case of the ABL was given consistent simulation results with experimental data for prediction of the flow separation and recirculation region at the leeward side of a steep hill, whereas standard model under the neutral condition and the model by using standard coefficients were failed to predict accurately detailed characteristics of recirculation region process.
Developing railway supplier selection excellence using business intelligence knowledge management framework
Authors: Jayakrishnan Mailasan , Mohamad Abdul Karim , Yusof Mokhtar Mohd
Published: May 2021

In a broad scope, the term Information System (IS) is a scientific field of research study that approaches the scope of managerial, strategic, and operational activities complex in the storing, processing, distributing, gathering, and utilizing of knowledge and its associated technologies in organizations and industry. The model of railway supplier selection using BI-KM framework is situated on a horizontal structure of the organization and its technology transformation to execute the organization goal, with technology as enabler and driver (technology adoption), organization as the principal environment (business process analysis), and Information Management (data modeling). This study is significant in supporting data scenarios by focusing on the heuristic view of an industry approach to problem-solving management issues. Furthermore, the research development was to identify integrated framework adoption that contributes to strategic performance diagnostics dashboard. By understanding the factors of theoretical framework adoption, these conceptual frameworks assure competitive advantage. Besides, this railway supplier selection excellence model analyzed the extent and provides a potential solution to strategic decision-making issues. The study directs to regulate the adoption of the theoretical framework towards conceptual framework by using the role of Business Intelligence (BI) to analyze the quality of data presented as the railway supplier selection criteria from operational management through data analytics. Moreover, this will be united to help the best cycles and instruments in essential execution by the executives of a railway supplier selection dashboard for simulating data as interactive supplier performance.
Oxycytosis and the role of triboelectricity and oxidation in bacteria clearing from the bloodstream
Authors: Minasyan Hayk
Published: May 2021

Until recently, little was known about the mechanism for killing and clearing bacteria from the bloodstream. Leukocyte phagocytosis could not be a mechanism for catching, killing and removing bacteria from the bloodstream because of many reasons. Recently accumulated data have led to the conclusion that in bacteremia, bacteria are quickly removed from the blood and erythrocytes are the main cells that capture, kill and remove bacteria. Data were also obtained that erythrocytes catch bacteria by triboelectric charge attraction and kill them by oxygen released from oxyhemoglobin. This phenomenon has been named oxycytosis by analogy with the term phagocytosis. Oxycytosis has been discussed in a number of published articles, but the specific mechanism of triboelectric charging and the mechanism of killing bacteria by oxidation, have not yet been detailed. The purpose of this review is to provide a more detailed explanation of the process of triboelectric charging and capture of bacteria by erythrocytes and destruction of bacteria by oxidation. For the first time, the review presents various variants of oxycytosis (two-stage, three-stage, multi-stage), depending on the resistance of the pathogen to oxidation. The review also discusses the biological significance of oxycytosis and its impact on the understanding of bacteremia and sepsis.
Strategic Indeterminacy in the Law by David Lanius (2019)
Authors: Mohamadi Hesam
Published: May 2021

Strategic Indeterminacy in the LawDavid Lanius (2019)Oxford University Press. 331 pp
The framing of judgement by counter
Authors: Dai Xin
Published: May 2021

Studies on sentencing in England and Wales are dominated by normative studies prescribing how judges should sentence. Few examine how judges actually sentence. This article provides an insight into the empirical reality of judges’ sentencing practices by examining how judges use counter to frame their judgement of offenders and their behaviour in six sentencing remarks. The six sentencing remarks were selected to ensure that variations in sentencing decisions of the six cases were, at least to a large extent, subject to judicial discretion. It finds that the statutory point exercises a binding effect on judicial sentencing despite judges having the discretion to disregard the starting point. The finding leads to the further inference that judges might possibly perceive the Court of Appeal and the public as two important audiences for their sentencing remarks.
Delivering justice
Authors: Tracy Karen
Published: May 2021

This study analyses an important but unstudied site of legal–lay communication: the website discourse of a small claims court. I describe six interactional problems that litigants in small claims court face that the official court metadiscourse, i.e., the court website, does not ably prepare participants for. Problems include: 1) addressees vary enormously in assumed education levels, 2) facework challenges misidentify focal parties, 3) the speech genre is more Q and A than a presentation, 4) limited attention is given to distinguishing fairness from legality, 5) the downside of extensive metadiscourse is not recognised and 6) the variety among judges is given little attention. These problems, I show, are shaped by the existence of two partly contradictory ideals embedded in the practice of small claims interaction, as well as the metadiscourse regarding what counts as good communication. One ideal of small claims court is to see it as a place where disputes can be addressed fairly by an impartial arbitrator. The other ideal is to see small claims as a place where legal rules are applied to disputes to yield a legal solution. The article concludes with suggestions about how to manage the competing ideals.
Features of multimorbidity in elderly and senile people with hypertension
Authors: Popov V. V. , Novikova I. A. , Trokhova M. V.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To reveal the features of multimorbidity in elderly and senile people with hypertension (HTN).

Material and methods. A total of 70 elderly and senile hypertensive patients were examined at one of the Arkhangelsk outpatient clinics (from 60 to 90 years old; mean age — 69,14±1,34 years), including those aged 60-74 years (n=56; (80,0%) and 75 years and older (n=14; 20,0%). We assessed the questionnaire survey data, the outpatient medical records, the clinical status, and the cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics (CIRS-G).

Results. The analysis showed a high prevalence of multimorbidity in elderly and senile people with HTN, which was found in all patients. On average, an elderly patient with HTN has 6 diseases that are pathogenetically interrelated and unrelated, while a senile patient has 8 diseases. The most common comorbidities were gastrointestinal (81,43%), musculoskeletal (77,14%) and endocrine (77,14%) diseases. Among the cardiovascular comorbidities in the elderly with HTN, the following were more common: heart failure (54,29%), coronary artery disease (angina pectoris — 41,43%) and cerebrovascular diseases (28,57%) (stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular encephalopathy). Patients with HTN took an average of 6 different drugs at the same time. There was moderate comorbidity level in the elderly patients and a high one in those of senile age.

Conclusion. In elderly and senile patients with HTN, there is a high prevalence of multimorbidity, which must be taken into account when preventing polypharmacy.
Long-term outcomes of renal denervation and related sex characteristics: data from a three-year follow-up
Authors: Zyubanova I. V. , Mordovin V. F. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Pekarsky S. E. , Ripp T. M. , Manukyan M. A. , Lichikaki V. A. , Gusakova A. M. , Ryabova T. R. , Baev A. E.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To study the long-term outcomes of renal denervation (RDN) within 3-year follow-up with an assessment of blood pressure (BP) changes, the severity of target organ damage and the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with resistant hypertension (RH), taking into account sex characteristics.

Material and methods. A total of 42 patients with RH were examined at baseline, 1, 2, and 3 years after RDN on the background of antihypertensive therapy. Twenty-four-hour BP monitoring, echocardiography, assessment of creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), as well as determination of some cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, 6, 10, tumor necrosis factor-α) were performed.

Results. There was a persistent BP decrease in men and women for three years compared with the initial level by an average of 17 [4; 31]/10 [0; 18] mm Hg (p<0,05). Decrease in BP variability from 17,9±5,1 to 15,2±3,6 mm Hg was observed mainly by means of women, while the decrease in left ventricular mass from 250,4±64,0 to 229,3±61,9 g was mainly by means of men. Creatinine level was unchanged, while eGFR decreased from 78,8±16,1 to 74,5±20,3 ml/ min/1,73 m2 over 3 years; the mean eGFR decline was 1,4 ml/min/1,73 m2 in year. All studied cytokines tended to decrease regardless of sex: tumor necrosis factor-α — from 2,1 [1,2; 77] to 2,1 [1,7; 2,6] pg/ml (p=0,022); IL-1β — from 2,2 [1,5; 2,4] to 1,6 [1,1; 1,5] pg/ml (p=0,034); IL-6 — from 3,8 [1,6; 4,9] to 2,8 [1,8; 3,0] pg/ml (p>0,05), IL-10 — from 5,8 [3,2; 8,2] to 2,8 [2,6; 2,9] pg/ml (p=0,000), correlating with IL-6 dynamics.

Conclusion. Three years after RDN, there is a persistent decrease in mean 24-hour BP, regardless of sex. In women, a more pronounced BP variability decrease is observed, while in men — regression of left ventricular mass. There is no significant decrease in eGFR in the long-term period. The decrease in proinflammatory cytokines maintains, and in some cases becomes more pronounced within three years after RDN.
Association of vascular stiffness and geriatric syndromes in hypertensive elderly patients
Authors: Luzina A. V. , Runikhina N. K. , Tkacheva O. N. , Kotovskaya Yu. V.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To study the relationship of vascular stiffness (cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)) with frailty and other geriatric syndromes in hypertensive elderly patients.

Material and methods. The study included 160 patients aged 60 to 101 years with verified stage I-III hypertension. The previous therapy was assessed. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed with functional and neuropsychological tests to identify geriatric syndromes. Vascular stiffness was assessed by VaSera-VS-1500 vascular screening system (FUKUDA DENSHI, Japan) with determination of the CAVI.

Results. The mean age of the patients was 77,2±8,1 years (n=160): in the group of patients without frailty — 72,4±6,9 years (n=50), with prefrailty — 76,6±8,1 years (n=50), with frailty — 81,7±6,6 (n=60). Patients with frailty had a higher CAVI than those without frailty and with prefrailty (10,3±1,6 vs 9,3±1,0 and 9,6±1,8, respectively; p=0,002).

In patients with frailty, a negative correlation was found between the vascular stiffness and body mass index (BMI) (Rs=-0,392 (p=0,002)), and a positive correlation between the CAVI and orthostatic response (Rs=0,382 (p=0,003). In patients with prefrailty, negative relationships were found with the dynamometric parameters (Rs=-0,329 (p=0,019)), BMI (Rs=-0,343 (p=0,015) and physical activity (Rs=-0,285 (p=0,047)).

In patients without frailty, the vascular stiffness was associated with an increased total cholesterol level (Rs=0,379 (p=0,009)), a low physical activity (Rs=-0,355 (p=0,015)), as well as negative correlations were found with the clock-drawing test and falls (Rs=-0,458 (p=0,011) and Rs=-0,306 (p=0,031), respectively).

Conclusion. Vascular stiffness in elderly patients with frailty is associated with a decrease in body mass index and orthostatic hypotension. At the stage of prefrailty, the relationship between the vascular stiffness and muscle strength decrease (according to dynamometry) was revealed.

Thus, the vascular stiffness is associated with frailty markers itself.
Dynamics of resistant hypertension in the postoperative period of carotid endarterectomy with and without carotid body saving
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Vinogradov R. A. , Chernyavsky M. A. , Kravchuk V. N. , Shmatov D. V. , Sorokin A. A. , Erofeev A. A. , Lutsenko V. A. , Sultanov R. V. , Shabaev A. R. , Radzhabov I. M. , Bagdavadze G. Sh. , Zarkua N. E. , Matusevich V. V. , Vaiman E. F. , Solobuev A. I. , Leader R. Yu. , Porkhanov V. A. , Khubulava G. G.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To analyze the results of multicenter study on dynamics of resistant hypertension (RH) in patients after various types of carotid endarterectomy (CE) with and without carotid body saving

Material and methods. During the period from January 2010 to December 2020, 1827 patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and RH were operated on. Depending on CE type, the two groups were selected. Group 1 (n=1135; 62,2%) consisted of patients received glomus-saving surgery: 19,2% (n=351) -conventional CE with a patch repair of reconstitution point; 13,6% (n=248) — glomus-saving CE sensu R. A. Vinogradov; 7,3% (n=133) — glomus-saving CE sensu K. A. Antsupov; 11,7% (n=214) — glomus-saving CE sensu A. N. Kazantsev; 4,6% (n=84) — Chick-Chirik CE; 5,7% (n=105) — swallow tail type patch repair sensu R. I. Izhbuldin. Group 2 (n=692; 37,8%) consisted of patients received CE without glomus saving: 18,6% (n=341) — eversion CE with carotid body cutoff; 6,3% (n=115) — CE with new bifurcation plasty; 5,85% (n=107) — autoarterial reconstruction; 7,1% (n=129) ICA autotransplantation sensu E. V. Rosseikin.

Results. The mortality rate, as well as the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic strokes were comparable in groups. The incidence of hemorrhagic transformation (group 1: 0%; group 2: 0,6%; p=0,04; OR=0,06; 95% CI, 0,003-1,25) and composite endpoint (death+MI+ischemic stroke+hemorrhagic transformation) (group 1: 1,06%; group 2: 3,0%; p=0,004; odds ratio (OR)=0,34; 95% CI, 0,16-0,69) significantly differs between groups. After glomus-saving CE, the number of patients with the target blood pressure (BP) level reached 51,1% (p <0,0001; OR=0,0009; 95% CI, 6,05-15,9). The number of patients with grade II (31,1%; p<0,0001; OR=12,7; 95% CI, 10,4-15,52) and III (3,6%; p<0,0001; OR=10,26; 95% CI, 6,71-15,67) hypertension significantly decreased. In the group 2, the prevalence grade III hypertension increased (48,0%; p<0,0001; OR=0,23; 95% CI, 0,18-0,3), while the number of patients with grade I (0%; p<0,0001; OR=77,0; 95% CI, 4,71-12,58) and II (52%; p<0,0001; OR=3,06; 95% CI, 2,43-3,86) hypertension decreased.

Conclusion. Glomus-saving CE contributes to achieving target BP in patients with RH. Its removal increases the risks of labile hypertension, postoperative hypertensive crisis, hyperperfusion syndrome and hemorrhagic transformation.
Sleep disorders — risk factors and hypertension markers in young people with normal body weight
Authors: Kalinkin A. L. , Sorokin A. S.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To assess the relationship between different types of sleep disorders, sleep-related symptoms and hypertension (HTN).

Material and methods. This cross-sectional study based on the online survey of persons aged 18-39 years with a body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2.

Results. According to the results, the HTN risk in persons aged 18-39 years with normal body mass index increases 2 or more times in the presence of various types of sleep disorders and related symptoms. The prevalence of HTGN depends on the patient's phenotype, i.e. from a combination of different types of sleep disorders and sleep-related symptoms.

Conclusion. Given the widespread prevalence of various sleep disorders, as well as the relationship between sleep disorders and hypertension in young people, it is necessary to develop preventive measures aimed at reducing the HTN risk by restoring healthy sleep. We also suggest that various sleep disorders may be the primary link in the development of essential HTN.
Role of soluble ST2 in short-term prediction of acute heart failure in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Donirova O. S. , Protasov K. V. , Donirov B. A. , Batunova E. V.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To investigate the relationship of soluble ST2 (sST2) to acute heart failure (AHF) and compare the predictive value of sST2 and brain natriuretic peptide in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Material and methods. In 136 STEMI patients, the serum sST2 concentration was determined during the first 24 hours of hospitalization. We assessed levels of sST2, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), incidence of Killip class II-IV AHF during hospitalization, myocardial necrosis biomarkers, parameters of complete blood count and biochemical blood tests, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors. The predictive value of sST2 for AHF development was assessed using logistic regression. ROC analysis was performed. The areas under the ROC curve were compared for sST2 and NT-proBNP. The cut-off sST2 value was determined for predicting AHF.

Results. The mean sST2 level was 43,4 (33,6-73,9) ng/ml. During the followup period, AHF was diagnosed in 54 people (39,7%). The prevalence of AHF in the 1st, 2ndand 3rd tertiles of sST2 was 15,6%, 33,3% and 69,7%, respectively. The NT-proBNP levels were 319 (128-1072) pg/ml, 430 (147-1140) pg/ml and 1317 (533-2386) pg/ml. The predictive value of 3rdsST2 tertile was retained adjusted for age, sex, NT-proBNP, troponin T, creatine phosphokinase-MB, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, blood glucose, left ventricular ejection fraction. The areas under the ROC curves for sST2 and NT-proBNP were comparable (0,828 and 0,733, respectively; p=0,056). The cut-off sST2 value was 64 ng/ml, above which the odds ratio of AHF was 11,1 (95% confidence interval, 4,7-26,1.

Conclusion. An increase in blood sST2 is associated with an increase in AHF (Killip II-IV) prevalence in hospitalized patients with acute STEMI. Soluble ST2 has an independent predictive value for AHF in STEMI, comparable in strength and predictive model quality to NT-proBNP. The cut-off sST2 value for AHF (>64 ng/ ml) was calculated, which provides an optimal balance of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the prognostic model. These data support the potential value of sST2 as a biomarker of AHF in STEMI.