bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breaking the habit
Authors: Müller Kai Wilhelm
Published: November 2018

Internet gaming disorder has been widely recognized as a new health issue. At present, we are experiencing a rapid growth of knowledge on different aspects of this disorder, such as, for instance, prevalence rates, underlying neurobiological mechanisms, and treatment strategies. In contrast, preventing individuals from developing Internet gaming disorder is a matter that has not yet progressed sufficiently. Although we can basically refer to measures and techniques known to be effective in preventing other addictive behaviors, the special demands of preventing Internet gaming disorder remain largely obscured or disregarded. The policy actions identified in the review by Király et al. (2018) demonstrate that first preventive approaches have been initiated but, on the other hand, it also points out that empirical research on their feasibility and effectiveness needs improvement.
Evaluasi Program Mentoring Agama Islam dalam Meningkatkan Komitmen Beragama
Authors: Andrian Gilang Faisal , Kardinah N. , Ningsih Ening
Published: November 2018

Islamic mentoring in a senior high school in Bandung has not been thoroughly evaluated. Thus, the researchers conducted an evaluation of the mentoring program to see its effectiveness in enhancing religious commitment as the goal of carrying out these activities. This is an evaluative research with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study sample consisted of 38 IRMa Luqman members. This study used a program evaluation scale and religious commitment scale, as well as interviews as supporting data. Descriptive percentage analysis and interviews are used to find out the results qualitatively, while the comparative analysis uses the paired sample t-test to find out the results quantitatively. Evaluation results show that mentoring activities have run quite effectively, also religious commitment of respondents increased significantly. Thus, it can be concluded that the islamic mentoring program is effective enough to increase religious commitment to IRMa Luqman members at SMAN 10 Bandung.
BENTHIC HABITAT ON CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM IN MENJANGAN ISLAND
Authors: Ampou Eghbert Elvan , Radiarta I Nyoman , Hanintyo Rizky , Andrefouet Serge
Published: November 2018

Coastal ecosystems covering three important parts of mangroves, seagrass beds and coral reefs are an integral part of the habitat mapping process. This study aims to mapping habitats of the island of Menjangan in West Bali National Park (TNBB), Bali. Field data was collected in February, April and August 2017. Total 110 sampling points spread across the coastal area of Menjangan island by looking at the texture differences using the ENVI v4.7 program from satellite image data Worldview 2 October 14th 2016. The results showed that the study area is divided into 6 types of main habitat (geomorphological levels) i.e., reef front, reef slope, reef flat, Sand and Terrace on which we add the mangroves, Ground-truhing data and cross-reef photograph-transects of habitats described with with medium scale approach suggest that, on reef flat and  crest areas, 12 habitats has been described. This includes coral habitat (coral>30% cover) dominated by several types of hard coral (Scleractinia) ie Acropora sp, Montipora sp, Porites lutea and Porites cylindrica; mixed with rubble and algae (mostly Chlorophyta and Phaeophyta) each covering about 15%. Sand (10-15%) and seagrasses (including Syringodium sp, Cymodocea sp and Thalassia sp) (10%) are more marginally present. The blue coral Heliopora coerulea (non Scleractinia), mixed coral associations, and dead corals complete the assemblages . On the reef flat rugosity is low (1 – 2) but increases toward the crest and  front reef with rugosity level at 3 - 4. On this research it can be one of data support for re-zonation in West Bali National Park especially in Menjangan Island and surrounding area.
Imaging of Renal Angiomyolipomatosis
Authors: Greco Federico , Mallio Carlo Augusto , Cirimele Vincenzo , D'Alessio Pasquale , Beomonte Zobel Bruno , Grasso Rosario Francesco
Published: November 2018

Angiomyolipoma is a type of benign renal tumor. It is sporadic and isolated in 80% of cases. The remaining 20% is associated with tuberous sclerosis complex or pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Generally, angiomyolipomas manifest themselves as angiomyolipomatosis, in which the angiomyolipomas are larger, bilateral, and widespread. Understanding whether angiomyolipomas are present in the context of angiomyolipomatosis is of considerable importance because it might be associated with malignant lesions. This article provides an overview of the radiological features of renal angiomyolipomatosis under different imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance.
Evaluation of the influence of arsenic on embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Thuong Huyen Nguyen Thi , Truc Dao Tran Thi , Son Hoang Nghia
Published: November 2018

Arsenic is one of heavy metal elements which is dangerous to human and aquatic animals. Accumulating in the body,arsenic causes serious damage to organ systems such as the nervous system, circulatory system, digestive system, reproductive system, ect and even cancer, skin cancer is the most common type. This study aims to evaluate the influences of Arsenic (As) concentrations on different stages in embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio): blastura, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula and hatching. After mating, embryos were exposed to As in the examined concentrations: 0, 20, 50, 80, 110, 140, 170, 200, 230, 260 µg/L in the Hank’s embryonic medium. It was observed that the survival rate of embryonic zebrafish decreased gradually corresponding to the increasing the concentration of As and the development stages of the embryo. However, examined concentrations of As in this study did not reach the threshold lethal concentration (LCt50) of embryos. With the increasing of examined As concentrations, the heartbeat increased linearly, the body turning beat of each stage decreased linearly. The highest heartbeat was 237.73±1.87 beat/min in 260 µg/L concentration while it was 197.60±2.20 beat/min in the control group (p < 0.05) in the hatching stage. The lowest body turning was 2.53 beat/min while it was 5.50 beat/min (p < 0.05) in the control group in the pharyngula stage. Moreover, the As prolonged the hatching duration and reduced the hatching rate of embryonic zebrafish, after 72 hour fertilization, the hatching rate was 77.78% in 260 µg/L concentration while it was 98.86% in the control group (p < 0.05).
Study on the effect of single and mixtured of cobalt nanoparticles on the change of photosynthesis parameters and antioxidant enzymes activity of soybean seedlings glycine max (l.) merr. (DT26)
Authors: Tuan Phan Hoang , Tam Luu Thi , Lan Anh Hoang Thi , Thu Ngo Thi Hoai , Chau Nguyen Hoai , Hong Dang Diem
Published: November 2018

Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) is one of the major crops grown worldwide for human food and animal feed. Nanotechnology is one of the most potential tools in modern agriculture to improve crop productivity. In this paper, we investigated the effect of single and mixture cobalt nanoparticles on the change of photosynthesis - related parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity of soybean Glycine max (L) Merr “DT26” at different growth stages under pilot scale. The results showed that all form of cobalt nanoparticles treatment enhanced the photosynthesis of soybean by increasing the content of chlorophyll a, Pn and the ratio of Fv/Fm. These values tended to increase and reached the maximum value at fifth trifoliate stage and then decreased at the beginning bloom stage. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase (when seeds were treated with USA single colbalt nanoparticles at concentration of 16.67 mg/kg) and catalase (with USA single colbalt nanoparticles at concentration of 0.17 mg/kg) were increased in 2.11, 1.85 and 1.60 times respectively compared to the control group (without the treatment of colbalt nanoparticles) while ascorbate peroxidase was reached highest value (increased in 2.73 times) under the condition of Vietnam single colbalt nanoparticles at the dose of 0.17 mg/kg seeds. This suggests that cobalt nanoparticles treatment has generated oxidative stresses and soybean DT26 has the self-protection mechanism by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in order to reduce the amount of H2O2 and O2 which accumulates in the leaf cells.
Agrobacterium–mediated transformation of cry3ca1 gene into kb1 sweet potato cultivar
Authors: Lan Vu Thi , Ngoc Pham Bich , Ha Chu Hoang , Binh Le Tran
Published: November 2018

Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam is an important food crop in the world as well as in Vietnam. Despite its many benefits, the production of sweet potato is restricted in many areas of the world by diseases, weed, and, particularly, pests. As an alternative, genetic transformation provides the means for complementing conventional breeding to improve sweet potato to resistant to pest. In this study, shoot tip explants of KB1 sweet potato variety were infected with A. tumefaciens C58 carying pBI101/cry3Ca1 con-struct. The selection were occured on callus producing medium (SM) containing 0.5 g/L picloram, 50 mg/L kanamycin and 500 mg/L cefotaxime. Survival embryogenic calli were then transferred to embryo producing medium (EG2) supplemented with 1.0 mg/L ABA and 1.0 mg/L GA3 after 2–3 weeks. Putative transgenic shoots regenerated on medium (RM) adding 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 1.0 mg/L BAP were rooted on root producing medium (RR). The tentative transgenic lines were proved positively by PCR and finalized by Southern hybridization, and biotest in laboratory. Conclusionly, we obtained 62 tentative transgenic sweet potato lines resistant to kanamycin. Among these lines, five putative transgenic lines were proved positively by Southern hybridization and have one copies of the cry3Ca1 gene. Two of them have the lower degree of infestation by sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) than that of untransformed lines.
CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOFLOCCULANT-PRODUCING BACTERIA ISOLATED IN VIETNAM FOR HARVESTING OF INDIGENOUS MICROALGAE
Authors: Le Tu Thi Anh
Published: November 2018

Bioflocculation producing bacteria isolated from soil and sediment in Da Lat City, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam, were characterized. Four bacterial strains that had high flocculation activity were Flavobacterium granuli CL, Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava DA, Alcaligenes cupidus PT2, Bacillus mucilaginosus PT3, with the flocculation efficiency of 91.37%, 83.12%, 76.92%, and 75.81%, respectively at 22°C, pH 10, the initial algae concentration (optical density at 690nm) of 1.25, and grown in media containing glucose as the carbon source. The bioflocculation efficiency was depended on the pH, carbon sources, the initial algae concentrations, bacteria strains, and the inital bioflocculant-producing bacteria concentrations. The temperature lightly affected the bioflocculation, no noticeable behavioral or activity changes were observed in mice that were orally administrated with four bacterial strains, and no treatment-related illness or death occurred after 72 hours. In general, the bioflocculation process is easy to operate, cost-effective, environment-friendly and therefore, it can be applied for industrial processing of microalgae.
A NON-INVASIVE TECHNIQUE USING TO MONITOR REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES IN COMMON PALM CIVETS
Authors: Hien Nguyen Thi Thu , Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong , Binh Nguyen Thanh
Published: November 2018

Fecal steroid assays have been used to study and provide information on the estrous cycle, pregnancy, re-estrus, reproductive season and therapeutic treatments in an expanded list of species. The purpose of the present study was to monitor the reproductive status of the Commom Palm Civets (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) by fecal steroid assays. The study was conducted to collect 2635 fecal samples from 12 adult female civets in Dong Nai Biotechnology Center. The fecal contents of Progesterone (P4) and Estradiol (E2) were determinned by using fully automatic ELISA Dynex DS2 (Dynex, USA), Progesterone and Estradiol ELISA Kit (DRG International, Inc., Germany). In non-pregnancy civets, the concentrations of fecal E2 ranged from 0.05 to 7.01 μg/g df, with an average of 1.07 ± 0.84 μg/g and a peak of 3.22 ± 0.64 μg/g. Fecal progesterone metabolites were from 0.15 to 12.32 μg/g, the overall mean of the samples was 1.72 ± 2.16 μg/g. The period of change in E2 content averaging was 28.6 ± 2.29 days. During pregnancy, the P4 content in the stool ranged from 6.21-23.12 μg/g, an average of 15.17 ± 5.22 μg/g and approximately 5 to 7 fold higher than non-pregnant (P
ANÁLISIS DEL COMPORTAMIENTO DEL ALGORITMO SVM PARA DIFERENTES KERNEL EN AMBIENTES CONTROLADOS
Authors: López Cabrera José Daniel , Pereira-Toledo Alain
Published: November 2018

En el presente trabajo se realiza una investigación del comportamiento de la técnica de aprendizaje automático SVM en diferentes ambientes controlados, usando cinco kernel. Primero se analiza el comportamiento de los clasificadores ante datos con valores perdidos. Luego se prueban en ambientes con valores ruidosos. La última tarea es el análisis de su comportamiento una vez que se adicionan atributos irrelevantes. Para validar los resultados se realizan pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas. Se encontró que la técnica SVM es muy robusta ante los tres ambientes antes mencionados y el kernel polinómico arrojó los mejores resultados de clasificación.
DESERTIFICACIÓN Y DEGRADACIÓN AMBIENTAL: CONTEXTO Y PRÁCTICAS EN LA ESCUELA FAMÍLIA AGRÍCOLA DOM FRAGOSO – BRASIL
Authors: Bonfim Ana Cristyanne Fernandes , Barbosa Lia Pinheiro , Machado David Dias , Dantas Marcelo Campêlo
Published: November 2018

El Estado de Ceará, en el noreste de Brasil, se destaca por tener áreas susceptibles a la desertificación. Dichas áreas reciben mayor atención con los procesos de deterioro en razón del avance de la degradación ambiental. La investigación busca averiguar el conocimiento de alumnos de la Escuela Familia Agrícola (EFA) Dom Fragoso, localizada en la ciudad de Independencia – Ceará, en el noreste brasileño, sobre el proceso actual de degradación del medio ambiente, causas y consecuencias. Para recompilar los datos, se aplicó un cuestionario con preguntas para 90 estudiantes de la EFA. Los entrevistados tienen una concientización de que la acción del ser humano constituye el factor principal que influencia el cambio climático, a partir de la extracción y explotación de los recursos naturales. Las principales acciones que creen ser importantes para la mitigación de los impactos del cambio climático son el desarrollo de educación ambiental y la movilización social. Se observa, con las indagaciones de los estudiantes, que la educación contextualizada, la interdisciplinariedad de los contenidos y prácticas de campo permiten una mejor comprensión, a partir del cambio en el contexto teórico y práctico.
O EMPREENDEDORISMO RURAL NA CAJUCULTURA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Oliveira Ana Beatriz Bernardes , Silva Rosa Adeyse , Siqueira Elisabete Stradiotto , Filho Valdemar Siqueira
Published: November 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a identificação das estratégias gerenciais desenvolvidas pelos produtores de castanha de caju do município de Serra do Mel/RN, a fim de identificar se possuem características do empreendedorismo rural. As entrevistas foram realizadas com os produtores mais ativos de cada agrovila, totalizando 23 produtores. Constatou-se que os produtores têm um perfil empreendedor caracterizado pela persistência, pela ajuda mútua e pela capacidade de lidar com as incertezas e de aproveitar as oportunidades, obtendo, assim, êxito em seus negócios mesmo sem possuir conhecimento técnico aprofundado e acesso a novas tecnologias, sem recursos financeiros, com a incerteza oriunda da estiagem e sem incentivos governamentais. Eles enxergaram nesse meio de comercializar seus produtos uma estratégia para um desenvolvimento social, rural e econômico.
ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DE SOLOS EM ÁREAS SOB DIFERENTES USOS NO SEMIÁRIDO BAIANO
Authors: Arcoverde Sálvio Napoleão Soares , Cortez Jorge Wilson , Pereira Janiellle de Souza
Published: November 2018

O uso agrícola e a retirada da caatinga podem alterar a qualidade dos atributos físicos do solo do semiárido nordestino. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar as alterações de atributos físicos do solo sob diferentes usos na região do semiárido baiano. Foram selecionadas vinte e quatro propriedades rurais localizadas nos municípios de Sobradinho, Casa Nova, Sento Sé e Remanso. Em cada propriedade foram coletadas três amostras de solo, compostas a partir de dez amostras simples, nas camadas de 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, tanto na área agrícola como na área de caatinga, perfazendo 18 amostras, a fim de avaliar os atributos físicos: diâmetro médio ponderado (DMP), diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG), densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total do solo (Pt), argila (ARG), silte (SIL), areia (ARE), grau de floculação (GF) e argila dispersa em água (ADA). Os dados foram submetidos ao teste t de Student para comparação das médias de cada atributo entre as áreas e, em seguida à análise multivariada pela técnica de análise de componentes principais (ACP). A conversão da caatinga em sistemas agrícolas promove mudanças nos atributos físicos do solo, sugerindo efeito do manejo agrícola. A partir do uso da ACP, os atributos relacionados à estruturação (DMG, DMP, Ds, Pt) mostraram-se sensíveis às alterações nas áreas com uso agrícola dos municípios. A variabilidade de classes de solos estudados influencia as alterações na camada de 0,20-0,40 m, onde a textura condiciona à estruturação.
A PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO EM EDUCAÇÃO NUM CONTEXTO DE ESTADO DE EXCEÇÃO E INTERDIÇÃO DOS DIREITOS
Authors: Frigotto Gaudêncio
Published: November 2018

Este texto discute os seguintes pontos: Quais as circunstâncias em que nos encontramos e somos instados a modificá-las para que se desenhe um futuro previsível? O que está subjacente e quais os elementos novos do golpe de Estado de agosto de 2016? Ou de onde viemos, o que nos trouxe até aqui e como interpretar o presente? Finalmente, quais os desafios e tarefas que nos são demandados para alterar as circunstâncias no plano do conhecimento e da restauração do estado de direito e a frágil ordem democrática?
AVALIAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS COMO PESQUISA SOCIAL: QUESTÕES CIENTÍFICAS, POLÍTICAS E IDEOLÓGICAS
Authors: Souza Linconl Moraes
Published: November 2018

A avaliação de políticas públicas, como pesquisa social e atividade estatal, tem enfrentado obstáculos no plano científico e político e ideológico. Além do núcleo comum construído pelos seus autores clássicos, e as diferenças internas que marcam qualquer disciplina científica, defronta-se com dois usos pela ideologia neoliberal que a afetam negativamente. O primeiro, ou avaliação gerencialista, fala-se de avaliação para justificar a privatização do Estado. O segundo, são os testes atuais visando perseguir o funcionalismo. No Brasil, além da educação, encontramos a adoção por uma espécie que tem proliferado na sua fauna e no legislativo em particular. Referimo-nos a alguns políticos profissionais de direita que resolveram abraçar ardorosamente a ideologia neoliberal e falar em nome da avaliação. Daí, o (mal) uso de expressões como avaliação de desempenho e outras do gênero.
DIFERENÇA E IGUALDADE NAS RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NO ESPORTE
Authors: Costa Fábio Soares da , Santos Andreia Mendes dos
Published: November 2018

Esta é uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho teórico analítico que tem como objetivo principal discutir as concepções de igualdade e diferença de gênero defendidas por Joan Wallach Scott e relaciona-las ao universo do esporte. Pretendeu-se ancorar as relações de gênero apresentadas pela historiadora estadunidense e relaciona-las às problemáticas observadas no campo esportivo, principalmente, quanto às relações de igualdade e diferença denunciadas e defendidas neste início de século XXI. Ao tratar da história das mulheres a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, percebe-se que os campos político, social e cultural estão sempre em cena, e por que não inserirmos a questão do esporte no debate? Neste texto observa-se que a reivindicação paradigmática da igualdade, por vezes, em sua própria defesa, paradoxalmente deve ser ressignificada para a diferença.
PERCEPÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARAENSES SOBRE SAÚDE BUCAL INFANTIL
Authors: Rebello Monique Galende , Oliveira Clarissa Mendes Lobato de , Nogueira Antônio José da Silva , Corrêa Daniela Barros , Rebello Fabrício Khoury
Published: November 2018

O estudo analisa o nível de conhecimento dos professores da educação básica no estado do Pará quanto à saúde bucal infantil. Os professores selecionados para participar da pesquisa frequentavam o último período da graduação superior, em cursos de licenciatura, oferecidos pela Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), polo Belém, no âmbito do Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores do Ensino Básico (PARFOR). Para aferir a percepção desses professores-alunos aplicou-se 104 questionários com questões fechadas, atingindo 80% de adesão do público-alvo em participar da pesquisa. As informações coletadas foram sistematizadas em um Banco de Dados no software Microsoft Excel 2010 para, na sequência, serem tratadas e analisadas. Constatou-se que os professores apresentam bom nível de informação sobre saúde bucal infantil, ainda que haja dúvidas em questões específicas como no caso dos dentes decíduos, indicação de uso de aparelhos ortodônticos para faixa etária de 8-10 anos e quanto à restauração de dentes. Esses resultados evidenciam que existe um importante campo de atuação conjunta a ser fortalecida entre cirurgiões-dentistas e professores, com vistas a reforçar o papel pedagógico do professor como agente formador do ser humano integral e, nesta perspectiva, contribuir na expansão de medidas de prevenção da saúde bucal de crianças em situação escolar. Iniciativas dessa natureza valorizam o desenvolvimento humano integral, bem como influenciam positivamente sobre o desempenho biopsicossocial desses jovens e de sua capacidade produtiva futura, elevando, portanto, a base do capital humano necessário para ampliar o desenvolvimento regional na Amazônia.
ПРОЦЕС ВИСТОЮВАННЯ ТІСТОВИХ ЗАГОТОВОК ЯК ОБЄ’КТ УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: Леонтьєва І. О. , Хобін В. А.
Published: November 2018

Процес вистоювання тістових заготовок складається з багатьох фізико-механічних та біохімічних процесів, що ускладнює управління та отримання оптимальних показників якості на виході готового продукту. Велика кількість регульованих змінних та інформаційних потоків впливає на хід протікання процесу дозрівання тіста. У шафах (камерах вистоювання) підтримується строгий температуро-вологісний режим. Важливо не тільки з високою точністю підтримувати температуру в межах 35-40 ° С, а вологість 75-85%, але і регулювати ці параметри для оптимізації процесу вистоювання в залежності від виду виробів, які виготовляються. Під впливом температури в шафі вологість з поверхні виробу випаровується одночасно з процесом розпушення тіста в обсязі під впливом СО2 в результаті спиртового бродіння. В даній статті розглядаються способи прискорення дозрівання тіста та пропонується введення додаткового каналу управління, який відображатиме інтенсивність газоутворення під час спиртового бродіння, а саме визначатиме приріст об’єму тістової заготовки на етапі вистоювання з метою підвищення якості хлібобулочних виробів. Завдяки камерам відеоспостереження додатково контролюватиметься об’єм тістової заготовки. Саме це дозволить встановити оптимальний час вистоювання для того чи іншого виду хлібобулочних виробів. Камери відеоспостереження зможуть ідентифікувати в першу чергу приріст висоти тістової заготовки. Отримана інформація по даному каналу буде передаватися до лабораторії з метою швидкого реагування, використовуючи найоптимальніший варіант прискорення процесу дозрівання тіста.
Assessing Resident Palliative Care Education: Lessons Learned for Curriculum Mapping in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Bapat Ashwini , Ellman Matthew , Morrison Laura
Published: November 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Charged with implementing a new curriculum within an established residency, we describe the application of curriculum mapping, a tool underutilized in GME. As proof of concept, we utilized curriculum mapping to identify existing palliative care didactic content and deficiencies within the Yale Internal Medicine Residency Programs for one academic year. Mapping included three steps: determining core educational venues, identifying and analyzing didactic content, and aligning content with published competencies. The curriculum map contained data for 5 of 9 educational venues, demonstrating gaps in Terminal Care & Bereavement, Spirituality, and Hospice Care. These gaps have informed the new palliative care curriculum. Although curriculum mapping has potential for application in GME, it is limited by available data.
Anna Karenina Reads on the Train: Readerly Subjectivity and the Poetics of the Novel
Authors: Ong Yi-Ping
Published: November 2018

What does it mean to be a reader of a novel? he famous scene of Anna Karenina reading on the train takes up this question. Whereas Tolstoy's scene is traditionally viewed as yet another example of the pleasures and dangers of novel reading, from empathic identiication to romantic self-aestheticization, I argue that the scene investigates the phenomenology of novel reading, the nature of readerly subjectivity, and the poetics of the classic realist novel—all in ways that depart from other canonical literary depictions of novel reading. Bringing together the poetics of the realist novel with complex issues of selfknowledge and deliberation, the scene reveals a new form of readerly subjectivity that entails the imagined nonexistence of the empirical reader. Drawing on Bakhtin, Kierkegaard, Sartre, and others, I show the implications of this form of readerly subjectivity for not only an original interpretation of Tolstoy's much-read scene but also our understanding of novel reading.
Media, Materiality, and Time in the History of Reading: The Case of the Little Gidding Harmonies
Authors: Trettien Whitney
Published: November 2018

How might scholars extrapolate from the material evidence of “used books” to build larger narratives that help us make sense of the past, without reducing it again to grand, progressivist theories? The history of reading, and book history more generally, would benefit from an exploration of frameworks that extend beyond those of linear time and discrete periodization, and media and technology studies might help lead the way. his essay juxtaposes two annotations left in a set of cut-and-paste biblical harmonies made at the religious household of Little Gidding in the 1630s and 1640s. The first is a seventeenth-century note left by King Charles I; the second is a cut-up booklet made by an anonymous reader in the nineteenth century. Comparing these two moments of reading reveals the urgency of expanding the historical horizons of literary studies and deepening its engagement with theories of time, media, and materiality.
Filling in Blanks: Nella Larsen's Application to Library School
Authors: Hochman Barbara
Published: November 2018

In 1922 Nella Larsen Imes was the first African American applicant accepted to the library school of the New York Public Library; soon she would be a promising novelist of the Harlem Renaissance. Larsen's library school application is a rich text that discloses the encounter of a conflicted subject with the norms and values of an institution. Bureaucratic forms do not have readers—at least as literature professors generally use that word—but filling out an application requires cultural competence, and evaluating one requires interpretive activity. Responding to a standard question on the application, Larsen compiled a book list that reflects her pragmatic, aesthetic, and emotional investment in reading. Stylistically and thematically, this ephemeral document anticipates Larsen's best work; it intimates conflicting perspectives on race, gender, and national belonging while exposing the limits of “imagined community” in one culturally typical American institution.
Structure and properties of 17G1S-U low-carbon pipe steel microalloyed by boron
Authors: Babenko A. A. , Zhuchkov V. I. , Sel’menskikh N. I. , Upolovnikova A. G.
Published: November 2018

The results of analysis of the influence of boron microalloying on structure and properties of 17G1S-U pipe steel are given in the paper. Studies of metal structure were performed by electron microscopy and local X-ray spectral analysis. It has been established that metal containing 0.006 % of boron is characterized by an increased volume concentration to 0.029 % of oxide (OS) and oxysulfide (OSB) inclusions, whose content in metal without boron reaches 0.006 %. Separate sulphide inclusions (CB), whose concentration does not exceed 0.004 % against 0.029 % in a metal without boron, containing 0.01 % S is practically absent in the metal with boron containing 0.003 % S. The microalloying of pipe steel by boron has ensured the preferential formation of small nonmetallic inclusions, evenly distributed in the volume of metal. The proportion of nonmetallic inclusions with size less than 2 (rm is 76.1 %, whereas in steel without boron it is only 58.5 %. In this case, large nonmetallic inclusions of more than 10 rm are practically absent in the sample with boron. Their share does not exceed 0.6 %, which is 22 times less than their amount in the sample without boron. The structure of the sample without boron consists mainly of ferrite and a small amount of perlite, and the sample with boron is represented by a dispersed ferritic-bainitic structure. Increasing the microhardness of both ferrite and pearlite 80 and 100 HV10, respectively, is observed by adding boron to steel. The mechanical properties of 10 mm hot rolled metal from boron-containing 17G1S-U pipe steel are characterized by increased strength properties with preservation of plastic characteristics, due to the formation of predominantly small nonmetallic inclusions and a finely dispersed ferritic-bainitic structure. The absolute values of the yield stress and the time resistance of pipe steel containing in mass %: 0.006 B and 0.003 S are achieved without heat treatment at 585 and 685 MPa, respectively, and meet the X80 strength class, while retaining sufficiently high plastic characteristics. The pipe steel without boron containing 0.01 % of S belongs to the X70 strength class and is characterized by tensile strength lowered to 540 and 610 MPa and a temporary resistance, respectively.
Hardening mechanisms of steels with bainite and martensite structures
Authors: Aksenova K. V. , Nikitina E. N. , Ivanov Yu. F. , Kosinov D. A.
Published: November 2018

Martensite and bainite are the most complex structures being formed in steel in heat treatment including the quantitative interpretation. On frequent occasions, the application field of these steels includes the operation at high static and dynamic compression stresses. The thorough and comprehensive analysis of the materials’ structure after different types of treatment enables to use them competently for the manufacturing of the parts and structures providing them with the necessary complex of physical and mechanical properties. The factor determining the mechanical properties of the materials are the structure of solid solution, presence of nano-dimentional particles of the second phases, dislocation substructure, types and location of various boundaries and internal stress fields. For successful control of the formation of structural phase states and mechanical properties of the material it is necessary to know the quantitative laws and the cold hardening mechanisms of steels of different structural classes at active plastic deformation. By methods of transmission electron diffraction microscopy the analysis of cold hardening of 38CrNi3MoV steel with martensite and 30Cr2Ni-2MoV steel with bainite structures at active plastic compression deformation to 26 % and 36 %, respectively, was done in the research. The contributions caused by intraphase boundaries, dislocation substructure, carbide phases, atoms of alloying elements and long-range stress fields are considered. It is established that the substructural hardening (caused by the internal long-range stress fields) and solid solution strengthening (caused by carbon atoms) give largest contribution to cold hardening of 38CrNi3MoV hardened steel. For normalization of 30Cr2Ni2MoV steel hardening also takes place at the expense of the internal stress field’s action, at the penetration of carbon atoms to the ferrite crystal lattice as well as at the structural fragmentation with the deformation degree higher than 26 %. The dislocation substructure and the particles of carbide phase make comparatively small contribution to the hardening of these steels. It is shown that the cause of bainite steel softening at large (more than 15 %) degrees of deformation is connected with the activation of deformation microtwinning process.
Thermodynamic modeling of nickel and iron reduction from multicomponent silicate melt in bubbling process. Report 2. Reducing agent – a mixture OF Н2 – Н2О
Authors: Vusikhis A. S. , Leont’ev L. I. , Kudinov D. Z. , Selivanov E. N.
Published: November 2018

A number of technologies in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy  are based on bubbling processes. For prediction of melting parameters  including the reduction of metals from oxide melt by a reducing gas  in a bubbling layer in industrial aggregates, a thermodynamic modeling technique is proposed based on calculation of the equilibrium in  oxide-melt-metal-gas system. Originality of the technique is that equilibrium is determined for each unit dose of gas introduced into the  working body, with the contents of oxides of metals being reduced in  each subsequent design cycle equal to the equilibrium in the previous  one. For the analysis NiO (1.8  %) – FeO (17.4  %) – CaO (13.5  %)  –  MgO  (1.9  %) – SiO2 (58.0  %) – Al2O3 (7.4  %) oxide system was  taken, closely corresponding to composition of oxidized nickel ore.  The ratio of Н2О/Н2 in gas mixture varies between 0 and 1.0. (1823  K),  amount and composition of formed metal (ferronickel), as well as the  indices (the ratio of slag and metal, the degree of reduction of metals)  are important in implementation of the process under commodity conditions. The increase in hydrogen consumption monotonously reduces  the content of nickel oxide in the melt, while the content of iron oxide  initially increases, and then decreases.  When H2 is introduced in an  amount of about 50 m3 per ton of the melt, the content of nickel oxide  in it is reduced to 0.017  %, and of iron oxide to 16.7  %. Resulting ferronickel contains 61  % Ni, ratio of slag and metal – 42  units. Further  increase in H2 consumption leads to preferential iron reduction. An increase in H2O/H2 ratio worsens the results of reduction of metals from  the melt: decrease in degree of reduction of nickel and iron, increase  in nickel content in the alloy, and the ratio of slag and metal. However,  even with a H2 / H2O ratio of 1.0, which corresponds to 50  % of H2O  in the gas mixture, reduction process does not stop. For comparison,  the work presents data on change in content of nickel and iron oxides,  when metals are restored from similar melts with carbon monoxide.  At a nickel recovery rate of 98  %, indicators are close in case of using  both H2 and CO. However, to achieve them, it is required 2.5  times less hydrogen, and 1.36 times less mixture in which H2O/H2  =  0.11  (H2  –  90  %) than carbon monoxide.
Synthesis of finely dispersed chromium diboride from nanofibrous carbon
Authors: Krutskii Yu. L. , Dyukova K. D. , Kuz’min R. I. , Netskina O. V. , Iorkh A. E.
Published: November 2018

The paper presents experimental data on synthesis of finely  dispersed powder of chromium diboride. Chromium diboride was  prepared by reduction of chromium oxide Cr2O3 with nanofibrous  carbon (NFC) and boron carbide in the induction furnace under argon atmosphere. NFC is a product of catalytic decomposition of light  hydro carbons. The main characteristic of a NFC is high specific surface area (~150,000 m2/kg), which is significantly higher than that  of soot (~50,000  m2/kg). The content of impurities in NFC is about  1  wt  %. Boron carbide used as a reagent is characterized by high dispersity (at the level of ~2  μm) and insignificant content of impurities – no more than 1.5  wt  %. Based on analysis of state diagram of  the Cr – B system, composition of the charge and upper temperature  limit of diboride formation reaction were determined for obtaining  chromium diboride in powder state. According to the results of thermodynamic analysis, the temperature of beginning of reaction for  chromium oxide Cr2O3 reduction by carbon and boron carbide was  determined at various CO pressures. Composition and characteristics  of chromium diboride were studied using X-ray phase analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (AES-ISP),  scanning electron microscopy using local energy-dispersive X-ray  microanalysis (EDX), low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen, followed by determination of specific surface area by BET method,  sedi mentation analysis, synchronous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC). The material obtained at optimal parameters is represented by a single phase – chromium diboride  CrB2 . The content of impurities in chromium diboride does not exceed 2.5  wt  %. The powder particles were predominantly aggregated.  The average size of the particles and aggregates is equal to 7.95  μm  within a wide range of size distribution. The specific surface area of a  single-phase sample is 3600  m2/kg. Oxidation of chromium diboride  begins at a temperature of 430  °C and when the temperature reaches  1000  °C, the degree of oxidation is approximately 25  %. Optimum synthesis parameters are the ratio of reagents according to stoichiometry to obtain chromium diboride at a temperature of 1700  °C and  holding time of 20  min. It is shown that for this process nanofibrous  carbon is an effective reducing agent and that chromium oxide Cr2O3  is almost completely reduced to diboride CrB2 .
Сравнительное исследование индивидуальности в различных измерительных процедурах
Authors: Моров Михаил Дмитриевич
Published: November 2018

В настоящий момент времени существуют различные измерительные процедуры, позволяющие описать индивидуальность. В статье делается попытка осветить проблему, насколько индивидуальность конкретного человека идентична в различных измерительных процедурах. Дается ответ на вопрос, возможно ли в психологических исследованиях рассматривать как эквивалентные результаты, полученные с помощью методик, которые имеют разное теоретическое основание.
Креативность в классическом и компьютерно-опосредованном мозговом штурме
Authors: Яголковский Сергей Ростиславович
Published: November 2018

В статье анализируются преимущества и недостатки одной из наиболее популярных форм групповой творческой деятельности – мозгового штурма. Его эффективность детерминируется целым рядом факторов, наиболее важными из которых являются  размер группы, а также оригинальность и вариабельность идей, которыми обмениваются её участники. Анализ научной литературы свидетельствует о том, что негативные факторы, снижающие эффективность мозгового штурма, практически не проявляются в диадах, но их влияние заметно усиливается по мере увеличения размера группы. «Живое» взаимодействие между участниками мозгового штурма также играет важную роль в его успешности. Но эта роль во многом противоречива: в одних случаях такое взаимодействие стимулирует, а в других – угнетает креативность отдельных членов группы. Существует целый ряд модификаций классического мозгового штурма, основанных на опосредованном взаимодействиями между его участниками. Наиболее популярными среди них являются «письменный мозговой штурм » (brainwriting) и «электронный мозговой штурм»  (EBS- electronic brainstorming). Эти методы обладают рядом преимуществ по сравнению с классическим мозговым штурмом, среди которых более высокий уровень анонимности; возможность записать возникшие идеи без задержки сразу после их появления без необходимости ждать момента, когда закончит озвучивать свои идеи другой участник группы; низкий риск доминирования одного или нескольких участников группы. В самом ближайшем будущем могут появиться новые формы мозгового штурма, объединяющие преимущества его проанализированных  выше модификаций.
Нейрофизиологические механизмы социальной сонастройки: НРД исследование
Authors: Тугин Сергей Михайлович , Горин Алексей Александрович , Кануников Игорь Евгеньевич , Шестакова Анна Николаевна
Published: November 2018

Мозговые механизмы сонастройки - процесса изменения индивидуальной поведенческой стратегии в пользу повышения ее эффективности при взаимодействии с другим индивидуумом или социальной группой - практически не исследовались. Сонастройка подразумевает обоюдное изменение мнения, и достигается в процессе взаимодействия между людьми. В данном поисковом исследовании была поставлена задача разработать экспериментальную парадигму для изучения мозговых процессов сонастройки при совместном решении задачи, в которой паре испытуемых одновременно предлагалось отличить оригинал изображения произведения от его зеркальной копии. Используя электроэнцефалографический мониторинг, мы синхронного регистрировали вызванные потенциалы (ВП), называемый Негативность Результата Действия (НРД) на предъявление обратной связи до и после финального решения испытуемого под влиянием мнения его партнера. Согласно гипотезе о механизме социального влияния как следствия активации нейронального сигнала ошибки предсказания (ОП), рассогласование собственного мнения с мнением партнера должно было бы приводить к изменению мнения с целью минимизировать ОП. Изменение мнения также может быть связано с получением дополнительной информации, на основе которой принимается решение. С целью контролировать влияние информационного фактора на индивидуальный выбор, во время отдельной экспериментальной сессии испытуемым предоставлялась возможность обменяться информацией о выбранной ими стратегии, после чего ВП тестирование проводилось повторно. Полученные HРД и поведенческие результаты согласуются с моделью обучения с подкреплением, согласно которой в процессе сонастройки отличие индивидуального от мнения партнера генерирует ОП сигнал. Мы наблюдали уменьшение НРД одновременно с уменьшением количества несогласованных ответов. После обмена информацией о стратегии выбора, значимых изменений в ВП и поведенческих коррелятах не наблюдалось. Подтверждение НРД гипотезы позволяет не только подтвердить эффективность модели обучения с подкреплением к процессам социального взаимодействия, но и использовать НРД в качестве индикатора эффективности сонастройки.
Подтверждение валидности образовательных достижений как показателя регионального интеллекта
Authors: Чмыхова Екатерина Витальевна , Давыдов Денис Геннадьевич , Григорьев Андрей Александрович , Зиренко Мария  Сергеевна , Линн Ричард
Published: November 2018

Валидность образовательных достижений регионов как показателя регионального интеллекта была оценена на множестве 29 регионов Российской Федерации. Региональные образовательные достижения представляли собой средние баллы, полученные на Едином государственном экзамене в 2014 г. лицами, принятыми в бюджетные ВУЗы регионов Российской Федерации в 2014 г. Региональный интеллект  оценивался на выборках респондентов в возрасте 17-50 лет. Размер выборок варьировал от 28 до 365 (в среднем 154.8). Всего 4645 респондентов из 101 населенного пункта России приняли участие в исследовании. Измерение интеллекта проводилось с помощью теста «Стандартные прогрессивные матрицы Равена» с 20-минутным ограничением времени тестирования. Кроме того, были использованы данные по девяти дополнительным переменным. Этими переменными были число зарегистрированных преступлений на 100000 человек населения, число родившихся на 1000 человек населения, младенческая смертность, доля городского населения, миграционное сальдо, доход на душу населения в рублях (все за 2012 г.), широта и долгота географического центра региона, доля этнических русских. В то время как корреляция образовательных достижений с измеренным интеллектом была низкой (0.10), функциональная близость этих двух показателей, оцененная путем коррелирования их с дополнительными переменными, была достаточно высокой (корреляция двух векторов корреляций составила 0.74; p < 0.05). Это подтверждает валидность образовательных достижений регионов как показателя регионального интеллекта. Низкое значение прямой корреляции образовательных достижений с измеренным интеллектом может быть объяснено неточностью обеих этих мер.
Этнопсихологические переменные как предикторы социально-экономического развития страны
Authors: Григорьев Андрей Александрович
Published: November 2018

В статье рассматриваются возможности предсказания социально-экономических показателей страны по национальному IQ и «личностным факторам», выделяемым в модели личности «Большая пятерка». Оценивается эффективность предсказания образовательных достижений, дохода на душу населения и уровня коррупции в стране. В качестве предикторов используются оценки национального IQ, представленные Р. Линном и Т. Ванханеном (Lynn, Vanhanen, 2012), и оценки по пяти личностным факторам, полученные в исследовании Д. Шмита и др. (Schmitt et al., 2007) для 56 стран и в исследовании Д. Бартрама (Bartram, 2013) для 29 стран. В исследовании Шмита и др. использовалась краткая методика оценки значений пяти личностных факторов (BFI), оценки Бартрама основывались на данных, полученных с помощью Профессионального личностного опросника (OPQ32). Результаты показывают следующее. 1.Оценки по пяти личностным факторам из исследования Шмита и др. сами не являются эффективными предикторами рассматриваемых социально-экономических показателей (значения нормированных квадратов коэффициентов корреляции ниже 0.1) и их присоединение к оценкам национального IQ ненамного повышает точность предсказания. 2. Оценки по пяти личностным факторам из исследования Бартрама являются удовлетворительными предикторами дохода на душу населения и уровня коррупции (нормированные квадраты коэффициентов корреляции равны 0.526 и 0.666); при объединении их с оценками национального IQ несколько увеличивается эффективность предсказания дохода на душу населения, но не уровня коррупции. 3. Национальный IQ является эффективным предиктором образовательных достижений страны (нормированный коэффициент корреляции равен 0.840 на выборке 49 стран и 0.845 на выборке 29 стран) и удовлетворительным предиктором дохода на душу населения (нормированный коэффициент корреляции равен 0.650 на выборке 52 стран и 0.411 на выборке 28 стран).