bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Connection and Well-Being: Development and Validation of a Self-Connection Scale
Authors: Klussman Kristine , Nichols Austin Lee , Curtin Nicole , Langer Julia , Orehek Edward
Published: September 2021

Self-connection is composed of three factors: (1) self-awareness, (2) self-acceptance, and (3) self-alignment. Although some promising results suggest that self-connection uniquely contributes to well-being, they have relied on an untested, single-item measure. To advance empirical examination of self-connection and its role in well-being, the current research developed and validated a 12-item Self-Connection Scale (SCS). A total of 1,469 participants were recruited across three studies to examine the SCS and its three underlying components. Using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, we found evidence supporting the factor structure and inter-item reliability as well as evidence of construct, concurrent, and incremental validity. Importantly, results from three studies suggest that the SCS is associated with multiple important indicators of health and well-being. The scale also demonstrated incremental validity beyond mindfulness, authenticity, self-concept clarity, self-compassion, and self-acceptance in its association with various mental health and well-being indicators. Thus, the SCS provides a valuable tool to measure and study self-connection and its relationship to well-being and other important psychological outcomes.
Dance Therapy dan Kegunaannya di dalam Konseling
Authors: Oktisaputri Ella
Published: September 2021

Dance and Movement in Counseling merupakan salah satu teknik dari berbagai jenis teknik yang ada di dalam art therapy. Dance and Movement in Counseling merujuk pada suatu kegiatan yang dipergunakan dalam proses terapi dengan menggunakan gerakan dan tarian dengan tujuan untuk mendukung fungsi intelektual, emosional dan motorik tubuh. Dance and Movement in Counseling dapat digunakan dalam berbagai situasi dan kondisi yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh konseli, salah satunya adalah karena stress. Banyak media yang dapat digunakan sebagai sarana penunjang di dalam terapi DMT, seperti dengan menari menggunakan berbagai platform TikTok, Musically, Instagram mauapun Youtube. Teori humanistik eksistensial terfokus pada potensi individu untuk memilih secara aktif maupun sengaja di dalam menentukan hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan dirinya sendiri dan lingkungan. Teori ini membantu seseorang untuk dapat meningkatkan pemahaman diri dengan merasakan perasaannya sendiri. Untuk itu, teori ini dapat berkaitan dengan teknik Dance and Movement in Counseling.
Inhibition and cognitive flexibility are related to prediction of one’s own future preferences in young British and Chinese children
Authors: Ding Ning , Miller Rachael , Clayton Nicola
Published: September 2021

The ability to shift from current to future perspective is pivotal to future-oriented cognition. However, the relationship between executive function, theory of mind and the ability to predict future preferences of self and others has received little focus, particularly across different cultures. With two distinct cultural groups in Britain (N = 92 participants) and China (N = 90), we investigated 3 to 5-year-olds’ understanding of their own versus a peer’s current and future preferences. We administered a battery of standardised executive function (inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory) and theory of mind tasks to examine the underlying relationship between these cognitive abilities and children’s ability to predict future preferences. Consistent with previous literature, we found significant age-related performance in the future preference task. Furthermore, our study indicates that there may be a universal developmental trajectory in British and Chinese children’s future-oriented cognition. We found that children were more accurate when predicting for their peers than predicting for themselves. Also, their performance improved when they had the opportunity to identity their current preferences before anticipating the future. Chinese children outperformed their British counterparts on cognitive inhibition and cognitive flexibility tasks, with no country-related differences in their working memory, motor inhibition or theory of mind ability. After controlling for age, children’s performance in the inhibition and cognitive flexibility tasks were significantly correlated with the prediction of their own – though not peer’s - future preferences. We discuss these findings in relation to the conflicts between multiple perspectives and the cognitive correlates of future-oriented cognition.
Trait Intolerance of Uncertainty Is Associated with Decreased Reappraisal Capacity and Increased Suppression Tendency
Authors: Shu Jocelyn , Ochsner Kevin , Phelps Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a time of great uncertainty for the general population and highlights the need to understand how attitudes towards uncertainty may affect well-being. Intolerance of uncertainty is a trait associated with worry, anxiety, and mood disorders. As adaptive emotion regulation supports well-being and mental health, it is possible that intolerance of uncertainty is also associated with the ability and tendency to regulate emotions. However, the relationships between intolerance of uncertainty and widely studied cognitive emotion regulation strategies — such as reappraisal and suppression — have received little attention. In two studies that recruited participants online from the United States, we tested the hypotheses that higher trait intolerance of uncertainty would be associated with greater worry, decreased capacity and tendency to use reappraisal, and increased tendency to use suppression in daily life. Study 1 provided an initial test of our hypotheses. Study 2 was a confirmatory, preregistered study that replicated findings in a young adult sample, demonstrating that scores on the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS) were associated with greater COVID-related worry, decreased capacity to regulate negative emotions on a task that manipulated the use of reappraisal, and greater self-reported use of suppression in daily life. Together, these results indicate that intolerance of uncertainty is associated with the capacity and tendency to use emotion regulation strategies important for well-being.
Identifying unfamiliar voices: the influence of sample duration and parade size.
Authors: Pautz Nikolas , Smith Harriet M J , Mueller-Johnson Katrin , Nolan Francis .J. , Paver Alice , McDougall Kirsty
Published: September 2021

Voice identification parades can be unreliable due to the error-prone nature of earwitness responses. Home Office guidelines (2003) recommend that voice parades should consist of nine-voices, each played for 60-seconds. This makes parades resource-consuming to construct. In the present paper we conducted two experiments to see if voice parade procedures could be simplified. In Experiment 1, we investigated if reducing the duration of the voice samples on a nine-voice parade would negatively affect performance. In Experiment 2, we first explored if the same sample duration conditions used in Experiment 1 would lead to different outcomes if a six-voice parade were used. Following this, we investigated if there were any difference in identification performance based solely on whether a nine-voice (Experiment 1) or six-voice (Experiment 2) parade was used. Overall, the results suggest that voice durations can be safely reduced without disrupting listener performance. Performance on target-absent parades – which simulate an innocent suspect being apprehended – were at chance-levels in both parade sizes, but the increased number of foils in the nine-voice parade offers increased protection to an innocent suspect by virtue of statistical probability. Thus, we argue that the Home Office guidelines recommending a parade with nine-voices should be maintained.
Classification and Change in the Development of Alcohol, Nicotine, and Cannabis Use: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zellers Stephanie , Otto Jacqueline , Parr Chase , Wilson Sylia , VRIEZE SCOTT
Published: September 2021

Background. Substance use is associated with significant public health and economic consequences and a rich literature exists on the development of substance use. However, no systematic review has attempted to synthesize this literature across alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis, nor attempted to characterize the wide variety of samples and methodology employed in modeling change in use over time. Methods. We conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the samples, measures, and analytical approaches in publications reporting random effects or mixture modeling in longitudinal substance use across the lifespan. Results. Across 317 included publications, the mean number of assessment waves was 5.5 (range=2-52), spanning an average of 7.3 years from baseline (range=1-38). Almost all publications included some coverage between ages 14-30, few studied mid-adulthood or older age. Most publications (72%) evaluated only one substance and 14% of publications evaluated all three. The average number of classes found via mixture modeling was four (range=2-12). Continuous random effects models of change primarily returned linear or quadratic solutions as best fitting. We found no significant differences between substances for number of classes (hybrid p=.50, class p=.13), nor curve shape identified (curve p=.98, hybrid p=.95).Discussion. No one statistical method was predominant in the literature, nor was there evidence of growing consensus on preferred model as a function of publication date. Studies of middle and older age were largely absent from the literature. We offer recommendations in reporting to assist in the replication, extension, and interpretation of this body of work.
Getting at Underlying Mechanisms of Far Transfer - the Mediating Role of Near Transfer
Authors: Pahor Anja , Seitz Aaron R. , Jaeggi Susanne M.
Published: September 2021

The extent that working memory training improves performance on untrained tasks is highly controversial. Here we address this controversy by testing the hypothesis that far transfer may depend upon near transfer using mediation models in three separate randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In all three RCTs, totaling 460 individuals, performance on untrained N-back tasks (near transfer) mediated transfer to Matrix Reasoning (a measure of fluid intelligence, representing far transfer). Untrained N-back performance also mediated transfer to a working memory composite (RCT 3). These findings support a model of N-back training in which transfer to untrained n-back tasks gates further transfer, at least in the case of working memory at the construct level, and matrix reasoning. This model can help adjudicate between the many studies and meta-analyses of working memory training that have provided mixed results but have not examined the relationship between near and far transfer on an individual differences level.
Rada Europy w kwestii fizycznej przemocy wobec dzieci
Authors: Moulin-Stozek Maria
Published: September 2021

Obecnie w państwach Rady Europy, organizacji stojącej na straży praw człowieka, można zaobserwować ożywioną działalność ustawodawcy w dziedzinie ochrony praw dzieci, a w szczegołności ochrony przed przemocą w rodzinie. Przemoc wobec dzieci najczęściej jest ukrywana pod pozorem dozwolonego przez państwo fizycznego karania za przewinienia. Rada Europy przewidując, jakie konsekwencje powoduje brak zakazu fizycznego karania dzieci, opracowała szereg instrumentów prawnych dotyczących tego problemu.
Tarihsel, Soyut, Çelişkili: 1923'ten Günümüze Türkiye'de Kentsel Toplumsal Mekân
Authors: Ghulyan Husik
Published: September 2021

Ghulyan, Husik (2021). Tarihsel, Soyut, Çelişkili: 1923'ten Günümüze Türkiye'de Kentsel Toplumsal Mekân. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi
Effect on patient anxiety of lidocaine infiltration into nasal packing after septoplasty: a prospective, case-control study
Authors:   M.S. Otorhinolaryngology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Indraprastha University, New Delhi-110029, India [ORCID – 0000-0002-4860-3893], Sainulabid A , Motwani Gul ,   M.S. Otorhinolaryngology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Indraprastha University, New Delhi-110029, India, Bhardwaj Rohit ,   M.S. Otorhinolaryngology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Indraprastha University, New Delhi-110029, India, Shareef P.K Mohammed ,   M.S. Otorhinolaryngology, DNB Otorhinolaryngology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Indraprastha University, New Delhi-110029, India, Chandra Aakriti ,   M.S. Otorhinolaryngology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Indraprastha University, New Delhi-110029, India, Topno Nihar ,   M.S. Otorhinolaryngology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Indraprastha University, New Delhi-110029, India
Published: September 2021

Objective: The effect on patient anxiety of lidocaine infiltration into nasal packing following septoplasty was investigated by this prospective, case- control study. Methods: 60 patients, who underwent septoplasty operation with bilateral merocele nasal packing were included in this study. Nasal packs were infiltrated with 0.9% saline (5 mL in each nostril) for 30 patients and remaining 30 were infiltrated with 2% xylocaine (5 mL in each nostril), 15 minutes before nasal pack removal. Patient anxiety levels were measured at various time points i.e. 24 hours pre-operatively, 48 hours post operatively, 30 minutes after pack removal. Patients marked their level of pain on a visual analogue scale during pack removal. Results: Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores for saline infiltration patients were found to be (Mean ± SD) 12.3 ± 5.35, 16.23 ± 5.12 and 14.23 ± 4.55 for 24 hours pre-operatively, 48 hours post operatively, 30 minutes after pack removal respectively. The respective scores for lidocaine infiltration patients were: 13.83 ± 4.46, 17.07 ± 3.98 and 11.7 ± 3.52. at 24 hours before surgery, 48 hours after surgery and 30 minutes after pack removal. The visual analogue scale pain score was 5.6 ± 0.89 for Saline study group and 7.13 ± 0.73 in the lidocaine study group. Conclusion: Patient pain was significantly reduced following infiltration of lidocaine into nasal packing. Patients developed mild to moderate anxiety before nasal packing removal. Use of techniques without nasal packing like soluble packs or quilting methods after septoplasty for patient comfort can be recommended after septoplasty to ease patient post-operative discomfort.
Effect of yogic exercise on resting heart rate variability- a study in central India
Authors:   Associate Professor in Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC) Sawangi (M) Wardha, DMIMS (DU), India, Meshram Komal , Meshram Ajay ,   Professor & HOD in Biochemistry, , Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC) Sawangi (M) Wardha, DMIMS (DU), India
Published: September 2021

Yoga is a science that facilitates homeostasis, also alters the autonomic nervous system as well as cardiovascular functioning. It is recommended as a non-pharmacological tool for managing stress by “National Centre for Complementary and Alternative Medicine India. Heart rate variability (HRV) a temporal variation in consecutive heart beats measured from a standard electrocardiogram. Being non-invasive technique has increased its use to measure the work load of individual. We assessed the effect of yogic exercise on resting HRV by using HRV software (AD-Instrument) in 20 healthy males of 18–20 years age both pre and post interventional. Practice of yogic exercise consist set of physical postures (asana), breathing techniques (pranayama) and meditation (dhyana). These were practised 35mins, 5times /wk for 6 months guided by certified yoga trainer. Analysis done by Student’s paired ‘t’ test of HRV revealed that all time domain parameters were increased while frequency domain parameters like low-frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio were found to be decreased after practice of yogic exercise. Practicing yogic exercise has shown better improvement in autonomic balance by shifting towards parasympathetic predominance as suggested by resting HRV
Abdominal re-interventions in Butembo City, Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Authors:   Resident in General Surgery, Université d’ABOMEY CALAVI, Republic of Benin and Faculty of medicine, Catholic University of Graben, Butembo, DRC, Valimungighe Moise Muhindo , Ketha Joel Kambale ,   Resident in Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Rwanda, Republic of Rwanda and Faculty of medicine, Université Catholique du Graben, Butembo, DRC, Ilumbulumbu Michel Kalongo ,   Department of Surgery, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Beni, Beni, DRC, Mitima Nathan Bisimwa ,   Resident in General Surgery, Université d’ABOMEY CALAVI, Republic of Benin and Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy, Université Officielle de Bukavu, Bukavu, DRC, Wundiyohangi Patricia Kavugho ,   Department of Pediatrics, Mère-Enfant Health Center, Butembo, DRC, Rugazura Joseph Ndamiye ,   Medical Doctor, Université de Goma, Goma, DRC and Provincial Hospital of Bushenge, Republic of Rwanda, Manzekele Mathieu Katembo ,   Medical Student, Université Catholique du Graben, Butembo, DRC, Longombe Albert Ahuka Ona ,   Professor of Surgery, Faculty of medicine, Université de Kisangani and Université du Cepromad, Kisangani, DRC
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The abdominal re-intervention is an abdominal operation performed in the first 60 days of the initial abdominal surgery. It is badly consider because of its heavy morbidity and mortality and there is no clear indication of abdominal re-intervention. This study aims to determine the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of inpatient undergoing abdominal re-interventions in Butembo town. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out in Butembo City especially at Cliniques Universitaires du Graben, the Katwa General Reference Hospital (HGR), the Kitatumba HGR and the Matanda Hospital from June 1st to December 31st, 2016 and involved 418 inpatients in the abdominal surgery department, of whom 52 undergoing re-intervention. Results: Overall 12.44% of patients underwent the abdominal re-intervention; women were affected in 67.3% against men in 32.7% of cases. The age group between 20 and 30 years old was the most affected. Gynecological and obstetric interventions represent 38.46% of initial intervention. Postoperative abdominal pain alone accounts for 48.1% of complaints. Postoperative peritonitis is the etiology of re-interventions in 57.7%; 8 patients (15.4%) died and 75% of deaths are due to septic shock. Conclusion: The abdominal re-interventions are more frequent in Butembo city. This remains a public health problem because of their heavy morbidity and mortality. Multi-visceral failure is the most common cause of death
Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva: a case report in a Brazilian patient
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia, 29025-023 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, Filho Antonio Chambo , Assis Emmanuel Nasser Vargas Araujo de ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia, 29025-023 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, Scherre Flávia de Sousa Freitas ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia, 29025-023 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, Motta Luciene Lage da ,   Department of Pathology, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia, 29025-023 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
Published: September 2021

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a locally aggressive tumor of mesenchymal origin. The condition predominantly affects females, with a male/female ratio of 6:1. Most cases occur during the reproductive years, with a peak between the third and fourth decades of life. The symptoms are non-specific, and the principal differential diagnosis is with Bartholin’s cysts or abscesses. The treatment of choice is surgical excision of the lesion, including evaluation of the margins. This case report refers to a 41-year old patient with an insidiously growing lesion on the right vestibular area measuring approximately 9 x 5 x 5 cm, associated with dyspareunia. Surgical excision was successful, and there have been no signs of tumor recurrence in the six months of follow-up. Differential diagnosis in cases of vulvar lesions is of the utmost importance. A detailed vulvar examination is essential to ensure early diagnosis and to reduce the rate of underdiagnosed cases of aggressive angiomyxoma
A case of resistant Graves’ in pregnancy – A clinical challenge
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram (also known as Thiruvananthapuram or Trivandrum Medical College), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695011, India, Das Darvin V , Saikia Uma K ,   Professor, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India, Sarma Dipti ,   3 HOD and Professor, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
Published: September 2021

A 29-year-old lady presented at 16 weeks of gestation, a case of Graves’ disease on anti-thyroid drug with uncontrolled thyrotoxic symptoms despite regular medication. Therapy with methimazole and propranolol was started at 12 weeks of gestation didn’t show clinical and biochemical normalization even with the maximum dose of antithyroid drug permissible at pregnancy. At gestational week 20, T4 and T3 remained elevated with suppressed serum TSH and high levels of TSH receptor antibody levels (TRAb =39.5 U/L, Normal value <1.7U/L). Anomaly scan at 20 weeks showed normal fetal study. Definite management of surgery was considered at second trimester in view of resistant Graves’ disease not responding to medical therapy. As the patient and her family refused surgical procedure, the patient had to be followed up medically with guarded prognosis. Subsequently on follow up patient didn’t show any clinical or biochemical remission. TSH receptor antibody levels estimated at 34 weeks also showed higher values (38U/L). Fetal well-being was monitored on a regular basis. Despite high thyroid hormones levels and higher anti-TSH receptor antibody levels all throughout the gestation and with maximum dose of methimazole the patient delivered a healthy baby with no clinical symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, goitre or any stigmata of methimazole fetopathy in the neonate. Mother’s TFT was closed monitored and anti-thyroid medication was titred. Here we present a rare case of resistant Graves’ in pregnancy where we encountered many challenges to manage the case at different stages
Comparative study of laparoscopy and open surgery in the treatment by prosthesis of incisional hernia
Authors:   Medical Technic’s Institute of Uvira, Uvira, South Kivu province, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kumba Alexis Mupepe , Banchini Filippo Banchini ,   Operational Unit of General, Vascular and Senology Surgery of “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital of Piacenza in Italy, Attolou Setondji GR ,   University Clinic of Visceral Surgery “B” at the National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou, Republic of Benin., Banchini Enrico ,   Anesthesia and Reanimation Service, “Santa Maria Nuova” Hospital, Reggio Emilia city, Italy, Mehinto Delphin K. ,   University Clinic of Visceral Surgery “B” at the National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou, Republic of Benin, Capelli Patrizio ,   Operational Unit of General, Vascular and Senology Surgery of “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital of Piacenza in Italy
Published: September 2021

Purpose: authors aimed to compare laparoscopy and open surgery in prosthesis repair of incisional hernias. Methods: in this descriptive and analytical retrospective study of 4years, 179 cases were operated by prosthesis, 120 cases of open surgery and 59 cases of laparoscopy. We compared epidemiologic, anatomic and therapeutic variables using SPSS software. Results: programmed cases have more than 30% of chance of being operated by laparoscopy than by open surgery, OR [95% CI] = 0.3 [0.12-0.92]. Clean cases are statistically 8% more likely to be laparoscopically operated than open surgery (OR [95% CI] = 0.08 [0.01-0.68]). Patients operated by laparoscopy were 30% more likely to have less than 5 days of hospitalization compared to those operated by open surgery, hospital stay ≤5 days: OR [95% CI] = 0.3 [0.03- 2.81]. P-value was 0.42 for duration of intervention and 0.024 for complications. Conclusion: clean and programmed cases preferentially benefit from laparoscopy and the hospital stay is reduced. Open surgery is preferred in an infectious context
Triple vessel coronary artery disease in a rural Nigerian: A reflection of poor diagnostic infrastructure or rarity in prevalence? A call for action
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, College of Health Sciences, Osogbo, Nigeria, Adeseye A Akintunde ,   Goshen Heart Clinic, Osogbo, Nigeria, Oladipupo Olafiranye ,   University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Published: September 2021

The need for provision of more diagnostic facility for coronary angiography to diagnose coronary artery disease among Africans cannot be overemphasized as there is the possibility that coronary artery disease may not be as uncommon as it is presently estimated but may be manifesting with different phenotypic presentations compared to the Caucasians. We present an otherwise stable adult rural Nigerian with hypertension and diabetes who was diagnosed with a triple vessel disease and subsequently had coronary angioplasty and stenting with good effect.
Anthropometric Indicators of Executive Drivers as Physiological Correlates of Visual Capacities
Authors:   Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria, Ohwin E. P. , Abadom E. G. ,   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

With growing global advent of occupation and physical activity guidelines to prevent weight gain, anthropometric measures of height and weight have “stand tall” in checkmating an individual’s nutritional status through mass index (BMI). In recent times, studies have implicated abnormal weight gains in visual malfunctions. Current Study was therefore undertaken to examine in humans, specifically executive drivers, the effect of anthropometric changes (BMI, Weight and height) on visual capacities. Sixty-eight (68) executive drivers who were confirmed to be staff of the Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria were ethically recruited for the study. Subjects were then grouped into four (4 groups) based on their nutritional/BMI status. While Group 1 comprised of those with lower than normal BMI values (undernourished), Group 2 composed of subjects with normal nutritional (BMI) status (Control), with Groups 3 and 4 being over-nourished and obese participants respectively. For each sampled subject, selected visual function/capacities [Visual Acuity (VA), Ophthalmoscopy and Intra-Ocular Pressure (IOP)] were obtained and mapped against their respective BMI. Upon statistical analysis of data, study observed a higher mean value [ophthalmoscopy] in the early hours of morning than noon day. Intraocular pressure was also seen to be higher in the right than left eyes, increasing arithmetically at noon than morning. A statistically significant decrease (p < .05) in visual functions with increased BMI and day time was also noticed. Study therefore proved that IOP rises in Delsu executive drivers in the late noon day than early hours of the morning. We recommend a similar study for several other employees across government parastatals in the state.
Evaluation of Arthemether-Lumefantrine Effectiveness in Malaria Treatment in Nnewi, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chukwemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Anambra State, Madubogwu NU , Omoirr MA ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Akwa, Anambra State, Nigeria, Chukwurah IB ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Akwa, Anambra State, Nigeria, Iloh ES ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chukwemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Anambra State, Nnekwe PC ,   Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

As an acute and chronic mosquito-borne disease of man, malaria is characterized by chills and fever, anaemia, splenomegaly and damage to other vital organs such as liver and brain. With reportedly increasing incidence of its lethargy in sub-Sahara Africa, current study was thus designed to investigate the effectiveness of one of malaria’s management pharmacological variety, Arthemether-Lumefantrine amongst residents of Nnewi community of Anambra State, Nigeria. Hundred (100) human subjects from the General Outpatients Department (GOPD) of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, who showed signs and symptoms of malaria, were recruited for the study. After gaining subjects’ consent and co-operation, Artemether-Lumefantrine combination (combination therapy) was then orally administered to the patients; with Blood samples collected 10 min before, and on days 4, 8, 10 and 14 after drug administration. Efficacy evaluation of parasitological cure rates was also determined after the 14th day. In addition to cure rate, fever clearance time (FCT), as the time from drug administration till axillary temperature fell below 37.5oC and remained so for at least 48 hours was also determined. In any case, obtained data were analysed using appropriate descriptive statistical (mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage). The Chi square distribution test was performed to ascertain the goodness of fit of obtained variables. p-value was determined at 95% confidence interval, with significance level set at p < 0.05. Upon analysis, Study found after treatment at day 4, that cure rate for patients <16 years (paediatrics) was 52%, with those >16 years (adults) being 72%. On day 8 after treatment, cure rates for patients <16 years (paediatrics) was 89%, while that of those >16 years (adults) was 94%, while on day 10 and 14 the cure rate for patients <16 years became 98% while that of those >16 years was 100%.
Anti-Oxidant Effects of Silybum marianum Extracts on Diabetic Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria, Johnson Uyovwiesevwa Ataihire , Nwangwa Eze Kingsley ,   Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria, Igweh John Chukwuka ,   Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

Antioxidants are specialized macro-molecules that neutralize harmful substances; free radicals. These radicals supposedly harm tissues, destroy food items, and damage materials. In living organisms, antioxidants can take the form of enzymes, and may be regularly added to oils, metals, foodstuffs, as well as numerous other materials to mitigate the damaging effect of free radical. Current study was designed to investigate the biochemical changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, following administration of Silybum marianum (an ancient medicinal plant of the Carduus marianum family) on Alloxan-Induced, diabetic rats. One hundred and twenty-five (125) rats were procured, made to acclimatize for two weeks, and then randomly grouped into five (5) groups of (n=25). Group 1: Non-Diabetic (Control) rats, Group 2 diabetic untreated rats, while groups 3, 4 and 5 comprised of vitamin-C treated rats (diabetic), Silymarin (extract), and Vitamin C + Silymarin (extract) combined treatment respectively. After four weeks of treatment with test extract, animals were then sacrificed, and blood samples collected and assayed for biochemical [anti-oxidant] enzyme activity. Upon statistical analysis, one way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) activities to have significantly decreased for extract + vitamin C treated group (Group V) when compared with control (Group I). It was also noted that the use of the combined antioxidants vitamin C and silymarin resulted in a significant reduction in ROS production with decreased SOD and CAT enzyme activities. It is therefore likely that, improvements in antioxidant enzyme activities are a function of extract and/or Vitamin C administration to animals. Thus, Silymarin has antioxidant and regenerative potentials to damaged tissues.
Functional, Communicative, and Critical Health Literacy among Iranian Patients with Heart Failure: a Cross- sectional study
Authors:   Ph.D Student of Epidemiology (MSN), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nomali Mahin , Alipasandi Kian ,   Resident of Cardiology (MD), Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Mohammadrezaei Ramin ,   Fellowship of Heart Transplantation and Advanced Heart Failure, Heart Failure Clinic, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2021

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a major public health with rising prevalence, worldwide. Low health literacy (HL) among patients with HF is associated with clinical outcomes. On the other hand, considering low HL is necessary when designing interventions to improve self-care. Aims and objectives: the aim was to determine functional, communicative and critical HL among Iranian patients with HF. Study Design: This was a cross sectional study. Setting: This study was carried out at the HF clinic of Tehran Heart Center (THC) affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS, Tehran, Iran). Materials and Methods: 210 adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of HF for at least 3 months and with NYHA function class II to IV and an ability of reading and writing Farsi language were included in the study during June 2017 and March 2018 with consecutive sampling. Data were collected in a short form that was included demographic and clinical variables which was completed according to patients` self-report and their clinical records. HL was measured by Heart Failure-Specific HL Scale (Cronbach’s alpha=0.71). Scores were reported totally and in 3 domains of functional, communicative, and critical HL. Scores less than the median was considered as low HL. Statistics: Data were described by descriptive statistics such as frequency and partial frequency distribution for categorical variables and mean, median, standard deviation (SD), and interquartile range (IQR) for continuous variables. Results: 188/210 patients with HF participated in the study. The mean age of patients was 59.5 (14.5) years old. The majority of patients were male (64.9%), married (83.5%), and were at the high school level of education (38.4%). In addition, 66.1% of them were employed. The low level of total, functional, communicative, and critical HL was seen among 17%, 54.8%, 60.1%, and 58% of patients with HF. Conclusion: patients with HF had a high level of total HL. While the level of functional, communicative, and critical HL was lower among patients with HF. Thus, there is need to be improved by appropriate intervention.
Diagnostic and management of penile fracture: A literature review
Authors:   General Surgery Service of Auxerre Hospital Center in France, KATSWERE Josaphat PALUKU , BAHLOUL Atef ,   Urologic Surgery Service of Auxerre Hospital Center in France, HOUNSOU René ,   General Surgery Service of of the University and Military Teaching Hospital in Cotonou, Benin, TODALEHOU Samson ,   General Surgery Service of Auxerre Hospital Center in France, BYABENE Gloire à Dieu ,   University Clinic of Visceral Surgery at the National University Hospital Center, Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou, Benin, AVAKOUDJO Josué ,   University Clinic of Urology and Andrology at the National University Hospital Center, Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou, Benin
Published: September 2021

Penile fracture is a real urological emergency; it is underreported due to the shyness to describe it. It usually occurs during intercourse when the erect penis forcefully hits against the perineum or symphysis pubis. While imaging may be used as an adjunct to aid diagnosis, especially in equivocal cases, the diagnosis remains mostly a clinical one. Standard treatment is immediate surgical. Preferred incision to be employed is subcoronal circumferential incision with minimal complications and excellent results
The Fourth Ventricle Epidermoid Cyst: About Two Cases
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, KABA Djene Ibrahima , MAATI Adil ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, DIANKA Mamadou Bata ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, CAMARA Aboubacar M’mah ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, BOCCO Aberic Fabrice Sewa ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, CHELLAOUI Abdelmajid ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, IBAHIOIN Khadija ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, NAJA Abdessamad ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, LAKHDAR Abdelhakim ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco
Published: September 2021

Epidermoid cysts are rare benign tumors developed from ectodermic inclusions. They usually sit at the ponto-cerebellar angle, the para-sellar region and the temporal fossa. Their seat at the fourth ventricle is unusual. We report two cases of squamous cell cyst in two young patients aged 21 and 33 admitted for intracranial hypertension syndrome associated with walking disorders. The diagnosis of epidermoid cyst of the V4 was evoked on the data of the MRI then confirmed in peroperative and in histology. The surgical excision was subtotal due to adhesion of the capsule to the upper part of the V4 floor. After a 12-month follow-up, the first patient showed no signs of tumor re-evolution. The second patient benefited from a ventriculo-peritonial derivation 45 days after the cyst was removed. After a 7-month follow-up, the patient showed no clinical signs suggestive of tumor re-evolution.
Burden and risk factors of preterm birth in Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria: A five-year case review
Authors:   Department of Public Health, Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia Nasarawa State, Hassan Ikrama , Bello Surajudeen ,   Department of Paediatrics, Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia Nasarawa State, Anazodo Michael ,   Department of Public Health, Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia Nasarawa State, Lawal Abdulmumuni Ahmed ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Federal University Lafia, Nasarawa State Nigeria
Published: September 2021

Background: Preterm birth has been on the increase globally and accounting for morbidities and mortalities. Preterm delivery referred to the birth of a newborn prior to thirty seven completed gestational weeks. There is dearth of knowledge on the burden of preterm birth in this state. This study therefore determined the burden of preterm deliveries in Nasarawa State, evaluate the risk factors and identify the outcome of such deliveries. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of all preterm delivered from the 1st of January 2014 to the 31st of December 2013 at the Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital (DASH) Lafia, General Hospital Akwanga and Medical Centre Mararaba Gurku in the Southern, Northern and Western senatorial zones of Nasarawa State respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of mothers of preterm in this study is 26.5±5.7 years. More than three-quarter of preterm birth in Nasarawa State were at the DASH Lafia. The prevalence of preterm birth and admissions were 1.5% and 10.8% respectively. One in four of the preterm were either late preterm or extreme preterm. Singleton gestation accounted for 82.1% of the preterm births while 75.6% of such deliveries where through the vaginal mode of deliveries. Risk factors for preterm deliveries were multiple gestation, antepartum haemorrhage (placenta previa), premature rupture of membrane and previous preterm delivery. Deaths among the preterm was 11% in this study. Conclusion: The burden of preterm births in this study is comparable to other centre in same region. Half of the preterm were either late or extreme preterm. Risk factors for preterm deliveries were placenta previa, premature rupture of membrane, multiple gestation and previous preterm child birth. Death was recorded in one out of every nine preterm
COVID-19 Infection with Refractory Diabetic Ketoacidosis- A case Report
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Mishra Reshmi , Behera Jyoti Ranjan ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Ramkumar P. ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Jain Mukesh Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Published: September 2021

Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes. Sometimes it is the first presentation in an undiagnosed child. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) and diabetes mellitus are very much interrelated as diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of severe COVID19 at the same time, many cases of new-onset diabetes had been diagnosed. Hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketonemia are classical presentations. It is essential to correct the acidosis and fluid correction and insulin therapy in these patients, leading to vital organ dysfunction. In refractory metabolic acidosis, renal replacement therapy may help
Integrated school-based child oral health education- An intervention with an impact
Authors:   Senior Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Rana Beenish Khalil , Rizwan Zarnab ,   Senior Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Rizwan Ghina ,   Senior Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Zia Hamza ,   Senior Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Afzaal Mehreen , Tariq Ruqqia ,   Senior Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the health awareness campaigns and an intervention on overall oral hygiene of students. Materials and methods: A cohort study (prospective) has been conducted over a period of 1 year from September 2018- September 2019, a total of 340 students age between 6 to 12 years participated in the study. A self-administrated Questionnaire regarding oral hygiene habits and practices was designed and filled by the students. Same questionnaire was filled from the same students again after one year and the impact of oral health education was accessed. Results: Following the intervention, significant differences were found in the dental health. Time taken for brushing was improved. Majority of the participants who changed their toothbrush after more than a year, now changed their toothbrushes after every 6 months. Frequency of visiting the dentist for routine checkups also increased. Conclusion: Short term oral health education program and health awareness campaigns have potential merits in bettering the oral hygiene conditions and promoting health among the children. Coordinating efforts should be enhanced between school personnel, parents and health professionals to ensure long term benefits
Clinical and radiological epidemiological features of smear-positive tuberculosis patients in the era of triple antiretroviral therapy
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala - Cameroon, Ekono Claire Françoise Bitchong ,   Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé - Cameroon,   Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Nkolondom - Cameroon, Mefant Thérèse Azoumbou ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala - Cameroon,   Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé - Cameroon, Jacques Ze Jean ,   Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1- Yaoundé, Cameroon, Awana , Armel Philippe ,   Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé - Cameroon,   Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Nkolondom - Cameroon, Amougou Jean Claude Mballa ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala - Cameroon, Eyenga Catherine Nke ,   Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Nkolondom - Cameroon, Afane Ze Emmanuel ,   Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1- Yaoundé, Cameroon
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The aim of this work was to compare the epidemiological, clinical and radiological aspects during bacilliferous tuberculosis between HIV positive patients under ARV treatment and HIV negative. Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive and comparative study conducted from December 1, 2018 to May 31, 2019 (6 months) at Jamot Yaoundé Hospital. Smear-positive tuberculosis patients meeting our inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. We split them into two groups, HIV + and HIV - Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 software. The comparison of the data was made by the Chi² test, that of the quantitative data with the Student's T test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: For HIV positive, the mean age was 41.1 ± 14.4 years versus 39.8 ± 14.8 years in the HIV negative group. HIV + patients aged 35 to 44 were more represented [49.5 versus 17.1% (P <0.0001)]. The sex radio was 1.03 for the HIV positive versus 3.31 for the HIV negative group. The HIV + group had fewer single people, had more history of tuberculosis (22.2 versus 9.8%). HIV + patients were more likely to have a WHO performans status score 4, and were more febrile [96.8 versus 85.4% (p = 0.021)]. The normal chest x-ray was more common. Interstitial and alveolar syndromes were less common. Conclusion: The proportions of both sexes were almost identical. Almost half were 35 to 44 years old They had more history of tuberculosis. A WHO score of 4 and were generally febrile. Chest x-ray was often normal.Interstitial and alveolar syndromes were less common.