bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Financial Performance of Retail Oil Distribution Companies in India: A Comparative Study of Public and Private Sectors
Authors: - Chinhita Sanyal , - Dr. Pradipta Banerjee
Published: November 2024

This study examines the financial performance of public and private sector retail oil distribution companies in India from 2013 to 2023. The research focuses on two hypotheses: first, that private sector companies (RIL and Nayara Energy) demonstrate superior profitability metrics (ROCE, ROA, ROE) compared to public sector counterparts (BPCL, HPCL, IOCL) due to operational flexibility and market-driven strategies; and second, public sector companies exhibit
lower financial leverage (Debt-Equity Ratio) reflecting conservative financial management and government oversight. Statistical tools such as ANOVA were employed to analyse ten years of financial data, revealing significant differences in profitability metrics favouring private-sector companies, and lower financial leverage among public-sector entities. These findings provide investors, policymakers, and stakeholders valuable insights in understanding sectoral dynamics and making informed decisions. The study contributes to the existing literature by illustrating distinct financial strategies and performance trends within India's retail oil distribution sector, crucial for strategic planning and regulatory frameworks in the energy industry.
A Study to Compare the Effects of Mulligan Traction Straight Leg Raise Technique, and Propeoceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (Hold Relax) Technique on Tightness, and Strength of Hamstring Muscle among Young Adults
Authors: - Sachin girdhar , - Swati Nagpal , - Soumik Saha , - Chahat Sharma
Published: November 2024

Flexibility is defined as the ability of a muscle to lengthen, allowing one joint or more to move through a range of motion (ROM), and is an essential component of normal biomechanical functioning. Hamstring tightness can occur due to the sedentary lifestyle which is the main reason for postural abnormalities. Therefore, it is important to have optimal muscle flexibility for optimal performance. In this line of thought, the present study is designed to compare the effects of Mulligan Traction Straight Leg Raise Technique and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation hold relax technique on hamstring tightness among young adults.
AIM OF THE STUDY- “To compare the effects of mulligan traction straight leg raise technique and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (hold relax) technique on tightness and strength of hamstring muscle among young adults”.
METHODOLOGY- The total duration of the study was one and a half year. Subjects meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected in the study. A minimum of 60 subjects, both male and female with age between 18-25 years, were selected for the study and subsequently divided into three groups with minimum of 20 subjects in each group. Group A (control group) was given warm up and hot pack for 15 minutes. Groups B and C were experimental groups. Group B was given Mulligan Traction Straight Leg Raise technique in addition to warm up and hot pack. Group C was given PNF hold relax technique in addition to warm up and hot pack. The baseline data was recorded on first day (pre intervention) and on last day of second week (post intervention). All the interventions were performed once a day, five days a week for two weeks.
DATA ANALYSIS- The collected data will be analysed using ANOVA and other statistical tests as appropriate (SPSS software).
RESULT- The result of present study shows that PNF hold relax is more effective in improving flexibility of the hamstring muscle than Mulligan TSLR.
MICROCONTROLLER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF MANIPULATOR MANAGE
Authors: Yegana Aliyeva Yegana Aliyeva , İsmail  Khalilzadeh İsmail  Khalilzadeh
Published: November 2024

Currently, most manipulators are driven by a DC or AC motor. The encoder is used as a speed positioning and feedback device in the manipulator control system.The spectrum of available solutions in the field of microcontroller control systems of manipulators is considered in the article. The circuit of the controller board has been developed to control the transfer of the manipulator manga.The analysis of the element base included in the composition of the control board has been performed. The manipulators used for the automation of biochemical analysis allow to improve the quality of the conducted analysis and the repeatability of the robot's work. Also, due to continuous performance of the work, it creates conditions to increase productivity as a whole.
Keywords: manipulation, robot, microcontroller, manipulator, transmission.
КИБЕРБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ СИСТЕМ В УСЛОВИЯХ БОЛЬШИХ ДАННЫХ НА ОСНОВЕ Z-ИНФОРМАЦИИ
Authors: Лала Зейналова Лала Зейналова
Published: November 2024

Сегодня интернет меняет нашу социальную жизнь. Социальные медиа-платформы, такие как Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram и Twitter, позволяют нам делиться своими сообщениями по всему миру. Как мы знаем, внедрение новых технологий в нашу жизнь приводит к росту кибератак. В нашей работе мы рассматриваем систему обнаружения сетевых вторжений, основанную на Z-информации. Понятие Z-числа связано с вопросом надежности информации. Оценки Z-числа учитывают неопределенность экспертного мнения при оценке альтернатив.
Ключевые слова: Z-число, кибератака, большие данные, нечеткая логика.
Tomagnostella tullbergi n. sp. (Agnostidae) from the middle Cambrian Lejopyge laevigata Zone of Scandinavia.
Authors: Weidner Thomas , Nielsen Arne Thorshøj ,   Department of Geosciences and Natural  Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Ebbestad Jan Ove R. ,   Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Published: November 2024

A rare new agnostoid species, Tomagnostella tullbergi n. sp., is described from the lower part of the middle Cambrian Lejopyge laevigata Zone in Scandinavia, corresponding to the lower part of the Guzhangian global Stage. The species is currently known only from the Andrarum Limestone Bed of Skåne, southernmost Sweden, and coeval strata in the Oslo Region, Norway; it has also been recorded from ice-rafted Andrarum Limestone found in Germany. The material assigned to T. tullbergi n. sp. has previously been confused with Tomagnostella exsculpta. The new species is characterized by a cephalon with a moderately angular glabellar front (distinctly angular in T. exsculpta) and a pygidium with a narrow, pointed axis showing a depressed tip; a small secondary node is located within this depression close to the tip of the axis (in T. exsculpta the axis is broad and rounded posteriorly and without a posterior depression; a minute terminal node may or may not be present). Tomagnostella tullbergi n. sp. is also comparatively large-sized whereas T. exsculpta attains smaller maximum sizes.
The charge transport properties of dicyanomethylene-functionalised violanthrone derivatives
Authors: Almahmoud Sondos A J , Cameron Joseph , Wilkinson Dylan , Cariello Michele , Wilson Claire , Wiles Alan A , Skabara Peter J , Cooke Graeme
Published: November 2024

The study of organic small molecule semiconductor materials as active components of organic electronic devices continues to attract considerable attention due to the range of advantages these molecules can offer. Here, we report the synthesis of three dicyanomethylene-functionalised violanthrone derivatives (3a, 3b and 3c) featuring different alkyl substituents. It is found that the introduction of the electron-deficient dicyanomethylene groups significantly improves the optical absorption compared to their previously reported precursors 2a–c. All compounds are p-type semiconductors with low HOMO–LUMO gaps (≈1.25 eV). The hole mobilities, measured from fabricated organic field-effect transistors, range from 3.6 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1. We found that the compounds featuring linear alkyl chains (3b and 3c) displayed a higher mobility compared to the one with branched alkyl chains, 3a. This could be the result of the more highly disordered packing arrangement of this molecule in the solid state, induced by the branched side chains that hinder the formation of π–π stacking interactions. The influence of dicyanomethylene groups on the charge transport properties was most clearly observed in compound 3b which has a 60-fold improvement in mobility compared to 2b. This study demonstrates that the choice of the solubilising group has a profound effect on the hole mobility on these organic semiconductors.
Exponential Stability of an Upwind Difference Splitting Scheme for Symmetric t-Hyperbolic Systems
Authors: Aloev Rakhmatillo , Dadabaev Sardor , Jiwari Ram , Kumar Vikas
Published: November 2024

This article considers mixed problem for 2-dimensional symmetric t-hyperbolic system. This system consists of constant coefficients. We investigated questions of setting mixed problems (problems with initial-boundary conditions) for symmetric t-hyperbolic system. It is known that for a symmetric t-hyperbolic system, the concept of characteristic velocity plays a very important role. The main point of this article is to construct a difference control scheme for these characteristic velocities. Control parameters are introduced to control the characteristic velocities of a symmetric t-hyperbolic system. The value of the parameter, the characteristic velocities can have different signs. We will consider all possible cases. In these cases, it is obvious that a symmetric t-hyperbolic system with n-equations can be in (n+1)(n+1) different states. These states controlled by control parameters. Upwind difference schemes constructed for each of these states depending on the value of characteristic velocities. The suggested difference schemes for the mixed problem were substantiated is exponential stability by the Lyapunov. It will be shown that the difference scheme will be stable if the CFL condition is satisfied and otherwise unstable.
ANGIOPLASTIA COM USO DE ATERECTOMIA ROTACIONAL EM PACIENTE COM ESTENOSE AÓRTICA IMPORTANTE SEGUIDA DE IMPLANTE VALVAR AÓRTICO PERCUTÂNEO
Authors: Borges Pedro Arthur Ferreira , Almeida Victor Eduardo de , Amaral Leonardo Veloso do , Gardenghi Giulliano , Prudente Maurício Lopes , Rodrigues Débora
Published: November 2024

O implante percutâneo transcateter da valva aórtica (TAVI) é opção nos casos de estenose aórtica grave. São muitas as situações que podem dificultar o procedimento de TAVI, como por exemplo a presença de doença arterial coronária (DAC) adjacente. A DAC pode se apresentar com calcificações o que dificulta ainda mais a abordagem da equipe de hemodinâmica. Descrevemos um caso de um paciente octogenário previamente hipertenso, diabético, portador de neoplasia de próstata com estenose uretral, doença renal crônica não dialítica, fibrilação atrial paroxística, insuficiência cardíaca e DAC multiarterial com calcificações. Devido ao risco cirúrgico significativo foi optado, após decisão por Heart Team, pela realização de angioplastias nas coronárias seguidas por TAVI, sendo todos os procedimentos bem sucedidos.
DOENÇAS CARDIACAS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ECOCARDIOGRAFIA FETAL
Authors: Santos Letícia Luiza Alves , Santos Laiza Alves , Cruz Lorraine Vieira , Soares Leonardo Ribeiro , Evangelista Patricia Gonçalves , Amaral Waldemar Naves do
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é através de uma revisão bibliográfica descrever a importância da ecocardiografia fetal no rastreamento de doenças cardíacas fetais. Desde o primeiro relato de ecocardiografia fetal em 1972 por Winsberg, vários avanços na tecnologia de ultrassom ocorreram, permitindo uma avaliação detalhada da anatomia cardíaca no feto. É fundamental lembrar que mais de 90% das malformações cardíacas ocorrem em fetos sem qualquer fator de risco. Portanto, o rastreamento populacional dirigido, durante a ecografia pré-natal de rotina, através da observação sistemática do coração fetal, aliado a um conhecimento básico, por parte do operador, das suas características normais, é o único caminho para que o diagnóstico das cardiopatas congênitas possa ser ampliado, em termos de atenção primária à população. O conhecimento anatômico detalhado das estruturas cardíacas, combinado com a interpretação precisa das imagens ecocardiográficas feitas durante o desenvolvimento fetal, permitem o diagnóstico precoce de formas particulares de doença congênita que têm graves consequências fisiopatológicas. O diagnóstico pré-natal ajuda no planejamento do manejo ideal do bebê com escolha de um centro de cuidados terciários para estabilização e início precoce da terapia.
O PROCESSO DE ENVELHECIMENTO COMO AGENTE CAUSADOR DE TRAUMA
Authors: Ferreira Filho Guilherme Domingos , Ramos Filho Ricardo Luiz , Andrade Bruno Bessa , Ramos Thays de Freitas , Panis Ana Paula da Cunha , Junior César Romero Antunes
Published: November 2024

Objetivo:identificar a origem dos traumas sofridos pelas pessoas idosas bem como os fatores de risco associados e as principais consequências. A sociedade hodierna se encontra inserida em um enredo de grandes transformações sociais, sendo uma delas o fenômeno conhecido por transição demográfica. Este, por sua vez, consiste na redução da taxa de fecundidade e de mortalidade, refletindo na mudança do corpo social pós-moderno, antes jovem, e caminhando para um contingente cada vez maior de idosos. É oportuno ressaltar que a literatura geriátrica e gerontológica considera um indivíduo idoso a partir de 65 anos de idade que a diminuição da reserva fisiológica no idoso pode estar diretamente relacionada a traumas físicos nesta população. Alterações relacionadas com o sistema nervoso central bem como o aparelho osteomuscular podem influenciar no aumento da incidência de trauma em idosos. Portanto, faz-se necessário compreender as alterações relacionadas com o avançar da idade bem como os fatores de risco associados ao trauma afim de identificar e intervir nas principais consequências do trauma no idoso.
Psicologia e Inclusão: uma Revisão de Literatura sobre Atendimento Psicológico em Libras
Authors: Rocha Camarriry de Andrade França , Albernaz Wilma de Oliveira , Ferreira Cristiane Alves , Nascimento Vinicius Souza
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Este artigo aborda o atendimento psicológico inclusivo para pessoas surdas, utilizando a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras). Destaca-se a ausência de profissionais capacitados evidencia a necessidade urgente de formação especializada no contexto da psicologia. Objetivo: O objetivo foi investigar os desafios enfrentados por psicólogos no atendimento a pacientes surdos e a importância da qualificação em Libras. Método: A pesquisa utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa, com revisão integrativa da literatura, analisando artigos de fontes como Scielo e Capes. Os resultados mostram que a inclusão de Libras é essencial para um atendimento adequado, pois respeita a identidade cultural do paciente e facilita a comunicação. Além disso, a formação bilíngue de psicólogos é considerada uma necessidade crítica para garantir um suporte clínico eficaz. Conclusão: O estudo aponta que o aprimoramento das competências e habilidades em Libras, juntamente com a sensibilização para as particularidades da comunidade surda, são fundamentais para promover uma psicologia inclusiva.
Uso de Lisdexanfetamina para Melhoria Cognitiva: Implicações Éticas e Consequências para Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Araújo Samira de Oliviera , Santos Viviane Marinho dos
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Os estudantes universitários se tornaram um grupo de risco por conta do uso indevido das medicações psicotrópicas, estes desconhecem ou simplesmente desconsideram os riscos do uso impróprio e do vício iminente que essas drogas podem causar. Desenvolvimento: No decorrer da graduação, a busca pela alta performance acadêmica faz com que os estudantes se sintam sob pressão constante. Em decorrência disso, há o crescimento do uso de psicotrópicos de forma indevida por parte dos universitários, que procuram pelo aumento da concentração, atenção e melhora da memória. Métodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da literatura. A coleta nas bases de dados SCIELO, BVS e Google Acadêmico foi realizada no período de agosto e setembro de 2024, o corte temporal foi de 2019 a 2024. Conclusões: Diante dessa problemática, foi possível observar que há poucas medidas de prevenção e conscientização sobre o uso de psicotrópicos, sobretudo no meio universitário, onde essas medicações são facilmente compradas e seu uso é indicado por colegas de sala e até mesmo por familiares, tal situação gera um temor em relação ao abuso dessas substâncias e sobre a continuidade do uso após a graduação.
La dimensión comunitaria en la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas mayores: Zamora o los lugares “donde nunca pasa nada”
Authors: Lebrusán Murillo Irene
Published: November 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo indagar sobre los efectos y potencialidad que la creación de comunidad y el fomento del capital social puente pueden tener en la adherencia de la población mayor a proyectos dirigidos a mejorar su calidad de vida. Para ello, se analizan dos proyectos prácticos realizados en la ciudad de Zamora y que forman parte de la investigación sobre un modelo de calidad de vida en la vejez: el fomento de la capacidad física y el abordaje de la soledad no deseada mediante el voluntariado. El análisis se basa en información documental, resultados y testimonios obtenidos de los investigadores de cada uno de estos proyectos, equipos de trabajo de campo y participantes (personas voluntarias y beneﬁciarias). Los resultados constatan que las actividades que involucran a las personas en la consecución de un objetivo en común son formas efectivas de fomentar los lazos sociales y la idea de comunidad.
Multisegment Overlap–Save Method for Coherent Dedispersion
Authors: Zhou Chenye , Meng Qiao , Liu Wei , Guo Shaocong , Zhang Hailong , Li Gaojing
Published: November 2024

Dispersion occurs due to the interstellar medium, which functions as a prism and causes different time delays in radio waves of varying frequencies. The coherent dedispersion technique is often used in pulsar and fast radio burst observations to mitigate this phenomenon. The widely recognized Overlap–Save approach enables this dedispersion algorithm to efficiently perform long linear convolution. However, with the present implementation, the necessary filter length for dedispersion can reach 100 million points or more. The corresponding fast Fourier transform (FFT) points should be larger than this value and a GPU cluster can be used to tackle this demanding process. This study presents the Multisegment Overlap–Save Method (MS-OSM) to effectively address this problem. Our algorithm divides signal bands into separate short segments based on frequency component delays during dedispersion. By using the short segments shuffling technique with the Overlap-Save structure, MS-OSM can greatly reduce the FFT and inverse FFT points required down to fewer than 65,536 points. To evaluate the performance of MS-OSM, a synthetic pulsar signal is created and verified using standard software tools like DSPSR and PRESTO. The results show that MS-OSM maintains the same resolution while reducing execution time and resource usage. The validation of MS-OSM is taken by processing real pulsar observation data.
Indirect Measurement of the 3He(n,p)3H Reaction Cross Section at Big Bang Energies
Authors: Pizzone R. G. , Sergi M. L. , Oliva A. A. , Zanatta-Martinez T. , Lamia L. , Spartá R. , Guardo G. L. , La Cognata M. , D’Agata G. , Palmerini S. , Tumino A. , Costa M. , Cittadino D. , Di Pietro A. , Figuera P. , Indelicato I. , Massara A. , Cherubini S. , Rapisarda G. G. , Romano S. , Spampinato C. , Couder M. , Tan W. , Wiescher M. , Lattuada D. , Gulino M. , Burjan V. , Mrazek J. , La Commara M. , Mazzocco M. , Prajapati P. M. , Aguilar S. , Anderson T. , Bardayan D. , Blankstein D. , Callahan L. , Clark A. , Frentz B. , Gula A. , Hall M. , Henderson S. L. , Kelmar R. , Liu Q. , Long J. , Majundar A. , McGiunness S. , Nelson A. , O’Malley P. , Seimour C. , Skulski M. , Wilkinson J. , Cha S. M. , Chae K. Y. , Kwag M. S. , Typel S.
Published: November 2024

Neutron-induced nuclear reactions play an important role in the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. Their excitation functions are, from an experimental point of view, usually difficult to measure. Nevertheless, in the last decades, big efforts have led to a better understanding of their role in the primordial nucleosynthesis network. In this work, we apply the Trojan Horse Method to extract the cross section at astrophysical energies for the 3He(n,p)3H reaction after a detailed study of the 2H(3He,pt)H three-body process. Data extracted from the present measurement are compared with other published sets. The reaction rate is also calculated, and the impact on the Big Bang nucleosynthesis is examined in detail.
Density Fluctuations in the Intracluster Medium: An Attempt to Constrain Viscosity with Cosmological Simulations
Authors: Marin-Gilabert Tirso , Steinwandel Ulrich P. , Valentini Milena , Vallés-Pérez David , Dolag Klaus
Published: November 2024

The impact of viscosity in the intracluster medium (ICM) is still an open question in astrophysics. To address this problem, we have run a set of cosmological simulations of three galaxy clusters with a mass larger than M
Vir > 1015
M
⊙ at z = 0 using the smoothed particle magnetohydrodynamics-code OpenGadget3. We aim to quantify the influence of viscosity and constrain its value in the ICM. Our results show significant morphological differences at small scales, temperature variations, and density fluctuations induced by viscosity. We observe a suppression of instabilities at small scales, resulting in a more filamentary structure and a larger amount of small structures due to the lack of mixing with the medium. The conversion of kinetic to internal energy leads to an increase of the virial temperature of the cluster of ∼5%–10%, while the denser regions remain cold. The amplitude of density and velocity fluctuations are found to increase with viscosity. However, comparison with observational data indicates that the simulations, regardless of the viscosity, match the observed slope of the amplitude of density fluctuations, challenging the direct constraint of viscosity solely through density fluctuations. Furthermore, the ratio of density to velocity fluctuations remains close to 1 regardless of the amount of viscosity, in agreement with the theoretical expectations. Our results show for the first time in a cosmological simulation of a galaxy cluster the effect of viscosity in the ICM, a study that is currently missing in the literature.
Magnetized Winds of M-type Stars and Star–Planet Magnetic Interactions: Uncertainties and Modeling Strategy
Authors: Réville Victor , Jasinski Jamie M. , Velli Marco , Strugarek Antoine , Brun Allan Sacha , Murphy Neil , Regoli Leonardo H. , Rouillard Alexis P. , Varela Jacobo
Published: November 2024

M-type stars are the most common stars in the Universe. They are ideal hosts for the search of exoplanets in the habitable zone (HZ), as their small size and low temperature make the HZ much closer-in than their solar twins. Harboring very deep convective layers, they also usually exhibit very intense magnetic fields. Understanding their environment, in particular their coronal and wind properties, is thus very important, as they might be very different from what is observed in the solar system. The mass-loss rate of M-type stars is poorly known observationally, and recent attempts to estimate it for some of them (e.g., TRAPPIST-1 and Proxima Centauri) can vary by an order of magnitude. In this work, we revisit the stellar wind properties of M dwarfs in the light of the latest estimates of

M

̇

through Lyα absorption at the astropause and slingshot prominences. We outline a modeling strategy to estimate the mass-loss rate, radiative loss, and wind speed, with uncertainties, based on an Alfvén-wave-driven stellar wind model. We find that it is very likely that several TRAPPIST-1 planets lie within the Alfvén surface, which implies that these planets experience star–planet magnetic interactions (SPMIs). We also find that SPMIs between Proxima Cen b and its host star could be the reason for recently observed radio emissions.
A Deep Dive into the NGC 741 Galaxy Group: Insights into a Spectacular Head-tail Radio Galaxy from VLA, MeerKAT, uGMRT, and LOFAR
Authors: Rajpurohit K. , O’Sullivan E. , Schellenberger G. , Brienza M. , Vrtilek J. M. , Forman W. , David L. P. , Clarke T. , Botteon A. , Vazza F. , Giacintucci S. , Jones C. , Brüggen M. , Shimwell T. W. , Drabent A. , Loi F. , Loubser S. I. , Kolokythas K. , Babyk I. , Röttgering H. J. A.
Published: November 2024

We present deep, wideband multifrequency radio observations (144 MHz−8 GHz) of the remarkable galaxy group NGC 741, which yield crucial insights into the interaction between the infalling head-tail radio galaxy (NGC 742) and the main group. Our new data provide an unprecedentedly detailed view of the NGC 741-742 system, including the shock cone, disrupted jets from NGC 742, the long (∼255 kpc) braided southern radio tail, and the eastern lobe-like structure (∼100 kpc), and reveal, for the first time, complex radio filaments throughout the tail and lobe, and a likely vortex ring behind the shock cone. The cone traces the bow shock caused by the supersonic (

M
∼
2

) interaction between the head-tail radio galaxy NGC 742 and the intragroup medium (IGrM), while the ring may have been formed by the interaction between the NGC 742 shock and a previously existing lobe associated with NGC 741. This interaction plausibly compressed and reaccelerated the radio plasma. We estimate that shock-heating by NGC 742 has likely injected ∼2–5 × 1057 erg of thermal energy into the central 10 kpc cooling region of the IGrM, potentially affecting the cooling and feedback cycle of NGC 741. A comparison with Chandra X-ray images shows that some of the previously detected thermal filaments align with radio edges, suggesting compression of the IGrM as the relativistic plasma of the NGC 742 tail interacts with the surrounding medium. Our results highlight that multifrequency observations are key to disentangling the complex, intertwined origins of the variety of radio features seen in the galaxy group NGC 741, and the need for simulations to reproduce all the detected features.
Propagation of Gamma-Ray Burst Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nucleus Disks and Its Implication for Gamma-Ray Burst Detection
Authors: Zhang 张 Hao-Hui 浩辉 , Zhu 朱 Jin-Ping 锦平 , Yu 俞 Yun-Wei 云伟
Published: November 2024

The accretion disks of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) harboring in active galactic nuclei (AGN) are considered to be an ideal site for producing different types of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The detectability of these GRB phenomena hidden in AGN disks is highly dependent on the dynamical evolution of the GRB relativistic jets. By investigating the reverse- and forward-shock dynamics due to the interaction between the jets and AGN disk material, we find that the relativistic jets can successfully break out from the disks only for a sufficiently high luminosity and a long enough duration. In comparison, relatively normal GRB jets are inclined to be choked in the disks unless the GRBs occur near an SMBH with relatively low mass (e.g., ∼106
M
⊙). For the choked jets, unlike normal GRB prompt and afterglow emission, we can only expect to detect emission from the forward shock when the shock is very close to the edge of the disks, i.e., at the shock breakout emission and subsequent cooling of the shock.
The Detection of Possible Quasiperiodic Oscillations in the BL Lac 4FGL J2139.4−4235
Authors: Gong Yunlu , Gao Quangui , Li Xiaopan , Yuan Min , Yi Tingfeng , Li Huaizhen , Qin Longhua , Yang Haitao , Yang Haiyan , Zhang Pengfei , Fang Jun , Zhang Li
Published: November 2024

We present periodicity search analyses on the long-term γ-ray light curve of the BL Lacertae object 4FGL J2139.4−4235 observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, over a period of more than 15 yr, from 2008 August 4 to 2023 December 10. To determine the quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) behavior of 4FGL J2139.4−4235 in the 0.3–300 GeV energy range, we used four methods, namely the Lomb–Scargle periodogram, the weighted wavelet z-transform, the phase dispersion minimization, and the autoregressive integrated moving average model. A Monte Carlo simulation technique is used to evaluate the significance level of the QPO signal. Significant levels above 3.5σ were detected in the γ-ray light curve at about 650 days QPO, which is presented throughout the observation period. Interestingly, there was some correlation between the three bands in the discrete correlation function method calculations, which may be an indication that the variability trends between the three bands are similar. We explore the possible physical models and show that a supermassive binary black hole system or a jet helical motion model seem to be reasonable explanations for the potential QPO behavior.
Persistent Behavior in Energetic Neutral Atom Time Series from IBEX
Authors: Sarlis N. V. , Livadiotis G. , McComas D. J. , Alimaganbetov M. , Schwadron N. A. , Fairchild K.
Published: November 2024

We investigate the long-term persistence of the time series of energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes recorded by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX). ENAs provide global information about the outer heliosphere and its interactions with the very local interstellar medium. To avoid the IBEX Ribbon, here, we focus our analysis solely on the polar regions N60°–N90° and S60°–S90°. Each year, IBEX takes two measurements of every pixel in the sky. We make use of the whole set of 14 yr of IBEX data and adhere to the correct time order for the construction of the flux time series. We examine in detail both the trend and the fluctuations of these time series. Using modern methods of time series analysis and persistence characterization, we show that the time series (i) trend is influenced by the solar cycle, (ii) persistence can be established independently of the presence of this trend, and (iii) statistical properties of the fluctuations differs between north and south, pointing to the existence of anisotropy and thus a north–south asymmetry.
The Value-added Catalog of OB Stars in LAMOST DR7
Authors: Liu Zhicun , Cui Wenyuan , Gu Jiajia , Shi Jianrong , Hu Guozhen , Wang Xiao-Long , Huo Zhenyan
Published: November 2024

In this work, we update the catalog of OB stars based on the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope data release 7 and modify the OB stars’ selection criteria in spectral line indices’ space. The new catalog includes 37,778 spectra of 27,643 OB stars, of which 3827 OB stars are newly identified. The spectral subclasses of 27,643 OB stars are obtained using the automatic classification code MKCLASS. We find that the modified OB star selection criteria can better improve the completeness of late B-type stars by analyzing their spectral classification results given by MKCLASS. We also identify 3006 Be-type stars or candidates by examining the Balmer lines in their spectra and find that the frequency of our Be-type stars (10.9%) is consistent with previous results. The spatial distribution of OB stars indicates that they are mainly located in the Galactic disk. This new catalog of OB stars will provide valuable data for studying the structure and evolution of the Milky Way.
The Green Monster Hiding in Front of Cas A: JWST Reveals a Dense and Dusty Circumstellar Structure Pockmarked by Ejecta Interactions
Authors: De Looze Ilse , Milisavljevic Dan , Temim Tea , Dickinson Danielle , Fesen Robert , Arendt Richard G. , Chastenet Jeremy , Orlando Salvatore , Vink Jacco , Barlow Michael J. , Kirchschlager Florian , Priestley Felix D. , Raymond John C. , Rho Jeonghee , Sartorio Nina S. , Scheffler Tassilo , Schmidt Franziska , Blair William P. , Fox Ori , Fryer Christopher , Janka Hans-Thomas , Koo Bon-Chul , Laming J. Martin , Matsuura Mikako , Patnaude Dan , Relaño Mónica , Rest Armin , Schmidt Judy , Smith Nathan , Sravan Niharika
Published: November 2024

JWST observations of the young Galactic supernova remnant Cassiopeia A revealed an unexpected structure seen as a green emission feature in colored composite MIRI F1130W and F1280W images—hence dubbed the Green Monster—that stretches across the central parts of the remnant in projection. Combining the kinematic information from NIRSpec and the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph with the multiwavelength imaging from NIRCam and MIRI, we associate the Green Monster with circumstellar material (CSM) that was lost during an asymmetric mass-loss phase. MIRI images are dominated by dust emission, but their spectra show emission lines from Ne, H, and Fe with low radial velocities indicative of a CSM nature. An X-ray analysis of this feature in a companion paper supports its CSM nature and detects significant blueshifting, thereby placing the Green Monster on the nearside, in front of the Cas A supernova remnant. The most striking features of the Green Monster are dozens of almost perfectly circular 1″–3″ sized holes, most likely created by interaction between high-velocity supernova ejecta material and the CSM. Further investigation is needed to understand whether these holes were formed by small 8000–10,500 km s−1 N-rich ejecta knots that penetrated and advanced out ahead of the remnant’s 5000–6000 km s−1 outer blast wave or by narrow ejecta fingers that protrude into the forward-shocked CSM. The detection of the Green Monster provides further evidence of the highly asymmetric mass loss that Cas A’s progenitor star underwent prior to its explosion.
On the Early Thermal Processing of Planetesimals during and after the Giant Planet Instability
Authors: Gkotsinas Anastasios , Nesvorný David , Guilbert-Lepoutre Aurélie , Raymond Sean N. , Kaib Nathan
Published: November 2024

Born as ice-rich planetesimals, cometary nuclei were gravitationally scattered onto their current orbits in the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud during the giant planets’ dynamical instability in the early stages of our solar system’s history. Here, we model the thermal evolution of planetesimals during and after the giant planet instability. We couple an adapted thermal evolution model to orbital trajectories provided by N-body simulations to account for the planetesimals’ orbital evolution, a parameter so far neglected by previous thermal evolution studies. Our simulations demonstrate intense thermal processing in all planetesimal populations, mainly concerning the hypervolatile ice content. Unlike previous predictions, we show that hypervolatile survival was possible in a significant number of planetesimals of the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud. Planetesimals ejected into interstellar space proved to be the most processed, while planetesimals ending in the Oort Cloud were the least processed population. We show that processing differences between populations are a direct consequence of their orbital evolution patterns, and that they provide a natural explanation for the observed variability in the abundance ratios of CO on cometary populations and on the recent observations of long-distance CO-driven activity on inbound long-period comets.
How Meteor Showers Can Guide the Search for Long-period Comets
Authors: Hemmelgarn Samantha , Moskovitz Nicholas , Pilorz Stuart , Jenniskens Peter
Published: November 2024

With orbital periods longer than 200 yr, most long-period comets (LPCs) remain undiscovered until they are in-bound toward perihelion. The comets that pass close to Earth’s orbit are potentially hazardous objects. Those with orbital periods up to ∼4000 yr tend to have passed close to Earth’s orbit in a previous orbit and produced a meteoroid stream dense enough to be detected at Earth as a meteor shower. In anticipation of Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), we investigate how these meteor showers can guide dedicated searches for their parent comets. Assuming search parameters informed by LSST, we calculated where the 17 known parent bodies of LPC meteor showers would have been discovered based on a cloud of synthetic comets generated from the shower properties as measured at Earth. We find that the synthetic comets predict the on-sky location of the parent comets at the time of their discovery. The parent comet’s location on average would have been 1.°51 ± 1.°19 from a line fit through the synthetic comet cloud. The difference between the heliocentric distance of the parent and mean heliocentric distance of synthetic comets on the line was 2.09 ± 1.89 au for comets with unknown absolute nuclear magnitudes and 0.96 ± 0.80 au for comets with known absolute nuclear magnitudes. We applied this method to the σ-Hydrids, the proposed meteor shower of comet Nishimura, and found that it successfully matched the pre-covery location of this comet 8 months prior to Nishimura’s discovery.
Les militants. Histoire d’une mobilisation pour la mémoire du génocide des Tutsi dans le Rwanda rural (1994-1996)
Authors: Rasmont Florence
Published: November 2024

Par le recours à de nombreuses sources archivistiques et à des entretiens, cet article revient sur la mobilisation d’un collectif de rescapés pour la mémoire du massacre de la petite église de Musha, dans l’est du Rwanda. Il propose une analyse de l’émergence d’un mémorial depuis le point de vue des rescapés, tout en insistant sur la culture politique de ces derniers.
Admiré et contesté : André Sibomana, prêtre, journaliste et militant des droits de l’homme au Rwanda
Authors: Denis Philippe
Published: November 2024

Cet article est consacré à André Sibomana, un prêtre rwandais qui dirigea le bimensuel catholique Kinyamateka de 1988 à 1996 tout en militant pour les droits de l’homme avant et après le génocide. Il montre que Sibomana fut l’objet d’un conflit de mémoire. Pour certains il était un modèle d’intégrité ; pour d’autres, des rescapés du génocide notamment, un homme fondamentalement attaché à la cause hutu.
Transition to Professional Practice in the United States: Exploring the Experiences of Internationally Educated Nurses
Authors: Porter Marlene T. , Williams Kate , Gembol Leslie
Published: November 2024

Background

Many countries facing workforce shortages rely on internationally educated nurses (IENs) to supplement the nursing workforce. The goal of this study is to investigate the experiences of IENs during the peak of their acculturation to their new environment.

Method

A descriptive qualitative approach was used with focus groups conducted 6 to 9 months after the IENs' start date. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants at a large academic hospital. Focus groups were conducted in person, audiorecorded, and transcribed. Data were analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Twenty-seven subjects participated in the focus groups. Three key themes were identified to describe the experiences: (a) navigating the challenging journey, (b) unlearning-relearning nursing practice, and (c) adapting to the work environment.

Conclusion

This study was the first to examine IENs' experiences 6 to 9 months after arriving in the United States. Study findings show the importance of developing transition programs to support this population of nurses.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(12):568–574.]
It's All About Empowerment and Confidence: Experience of Newly Registered Nurses in an Intensive Clinical Training Course
Authors: Darawad Muhammad W. , Abdalrahim Maysoon S. , Othman Elham H. , Abu Raddaha Ahmad H. , Mansour Mansour
Published: November 2024

Background

This study investigated how intensive clinical nursing training influences the confidence of newly registered nurses in speaking up about their opinions and concerns within their current work settings.

Method

A qualitative approach with thematic analysis was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with 64 newly graduated RNs to explore their experience in attending an undergraduate intensive clinical training course.

Results

Four main themes emerged from the texts: (a) facing the workplace reality with confidence, (b) being equipped with knowledge and skills, (c) merging with the health care team, and (d) being empowered with high self-esteem.

Conclusion

The newly graduated nurses believed that the intensive clinical nursing training course enhanced their confidence, improved their communication skills, and empowered them to speak up for their rights and those of their patients.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2025;56(1):14–19.]
Acceptance of Digital Health Care Technology and the Role of Nursing Education
Authors: Han Jiyoung , Kim Meeyoung , Ryu Kum Hei , Shin Kwangsoo
Published: November 2024

Background

As digital health care technology develops, the use of technology in the nursing field has become an essential part of nursing education. However, few studies have linked nurses' awareness of digital health care with nursing education. This study examines the direct effects and mediating effects of factors in technology acceptance on nurses' intention to accept digital health care technology.

Method

To empirically investigate these relationships, a survey was conducted among nurses in South Korea.

Results

This study emphasizes the importance of a multifaceted approach that considers personal, organizational, and innovation-related factors in understanding nurses' intentions toward acceptance of digital health care technologies.

Conclusion

The findings confirm that performance expectancy and facilitating conditions play crucial roles in nurses' acceptance of digital health care technologies. The mediating effects of performance expectancy and facilitating conditions on intentions to accept technologies suggest that these factors can also play vital indirect roles.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(12):575–587.]
Fellow Eye Risk of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in the United States: IRIS Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) Analysis
Authors: Al-Moujahed Ahmad , Ivanov Alexander , Kearney William , Hall Nathan , Ross Connor , Elze Tobias , Sobrin Lucia , Miller Joan W. , Lorch Alice , Miller John B. , Gong Dan
Published: November 2024

Background and Objective

This study aimed to investigate the rate of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the fellow eye of patients after developing an RRD in one eye.

Patients and Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with a new RRD diagnosis in the American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) from 2016 to 2020. The association between risk factors of RRD and fellow-eye RRD was evaluated using Cox regression.

Results

Among the 201,622 patients who developed a new RRD in at least one eye, 6,740 (3.34%) developed an RRD in the fellow eye at a mean time of 406.02 days (SD = 373.74) from the first eye diagnosis. Of those 6,740 eyes, 1,889 (28.03%) had lattice degeneration, 3,938 (58.43%) had PVD, 588 (8.72%) had cataract surgery, and 38 (0.56%) had complex cataract surgery. Adjusted regression modeling showed that male sex (HR 1.73, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64 to 1.83];
P
< 0.001), younger age at first eye RRD diagnosis (HR 1.02, [95% CI 1.01 to 1.02];
P
< 0.001), active smoking (HR 1.13, [95% CI 1.05 to 1.22];
P
= 0.002), and cataract surgery (HR 1.33, [95% CI 1.23 to 1.45];
P
< 0.001) were associated with increased risk of a fellow eye RRD. On the other hand, fellow eye PVD was associated with a lower risk of RRD (HR 0.80, [95% CI 0.76 to 0.84];
P
< 0.001).

Conclusion

Among patients with an RRD in one eye, male sex, younger age of first eye RRD diagnosis, active smoking, and cataract surgery were associated with a higher risk of developing a fellow eye RRD, whereas fellow eye PVD was associated with a lower risk of fellow eye RRD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:XX–XX.]
A Bullous Variant of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Treated With Sclerotomy
Authors: Roisman Luiz , Alexander João Gabriel , Franco Pedro Leite C. , Morimoto Lisangela N. , Maia Maurício
Published: November 2024

Bullous serous central chorioretinopathy (bCSCR) is an atypical form of CSCR characterized by large serous detachment. This variant presents significant diagnostic challenges, and optimal treatment strategies are not well defined. This report presents a case of a 31-year-old man with bCSRC treated with scleral thinning surgery in four quadrants with scleral windows created in the two inferior quadrants. The etiology, pathogenesis, and optimal treatment of bCSCR are not fully understood. Various therapeutic options, including photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy, have been employed with varying degrees of success. We describe a case of scleral thinning (sclerectomy) with two inferior sclerotomies without subretinal drainage, which resulted in a positive outcome.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:116–119.]
La Chine entendue par l’Occident
Authors: Jia Junyuan
Published: November 2024

Dans le pavillon de la Chine lors de l’Exposition universelle de Paris en 1900, le public pouvait entendre des enregistrements sonores de seize dialectes chinois et de quarante morceaux d’opéra traditionnel chinois grâce à des cylindres d’enregistrements envoyés depuis la Chine. En parallèle, le docteur Léon Azoulay, membre de la Société d’anthropologie de Paris, a réalisé sur place des enregistrements de dialectes chinois et de chansons chinoises, grâce aux progrès des technologies d’enregistrement sonore. Dans cet article, l’auteure retrace l’histoire de cette technologie qui a enrichi la méthodologie des sciences humaines au xxe siècle. En s’appuyant sur une étude des enregistrements sonores chinois de l’Exposition universelle de 1900, l’auteure analyse la manière dont l’Occident percevait la Chine à travers l’acoustique à la fin du xixe siècle.
Sous la pression du temps
Authors: Weber Heike
Published: November 2024

Le temps, dans ses évolutions comme dans ses échelles extrêmes, est devenu un défi sans précédent pour la société mondiale, rendant les connaissances historiques particulièrement pertinentes pour l’action. Comme les techniques sont vues comme la voie principale pour rendre les sociétés plus durables, le champ de l’histoire des techniques se voit placé au cœur des interrogations sur la portée et les conséquences de l’expertise historique. Dans cet essai, je soutiens que l’histoire des techniques peut contribuer à situer, encadrer et façonner les techniques contemporaines d’une manière sensible au temps. Je critique également un certain nombre de termes à la mode, comme celui de « disruption » ou de « tournant technique », qui dominent les discours malgré leur insensibilité au temps. L’histoire des techniques offre un vaste répertoire de passés potentiellement utilisables, alors que peu d’études de cas sont entrées dans le domaine des transition studies et de l’évaluation des choix techniques. C’est bien à nous, historiens et historiennes, qu’il revient d’investir ces domaines et de participer davantage à ces débats.
La perplejidad del desdoblamiento
Authors: Prasnicki Amaro Daniel
Published: November 2024

Uno de los rasgos más notables de la narrativa de Jorge Luis Borges es el peculiar uso que hace de la temática del doble, concretamente, en los argumentos y en el imaginario de sus relatos. A ello contribuyen elementos textuales que se disponen y estructuran en trayectos semánticos y sintácticos que evidencian la habilidad narrativa de Jorge Luis Borges, a la vez que constituyen una constante estilística en el mencionado autor. Este artículo analiza la isotopía de lo duplicado en tres relatos del autor —«Pierre Menard, autor del Quijote», «Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius» y «El Inmortal»—.
Un acercamiento a la vigencia de la anagnórisis en el efecto final del cuento
Authors: de Viña Carmona Rosa
Published: November 2024

El objeto de estudio de este artículo será aplicar el concepto de anagnórisis, procedente de Aristóteles, a la construcción de la trama del cuento fantástico para trazar su vigencia desde el nacimiento del cuento y de las primeras poéticas con Edgar Allan Poe hasta llegar al cuento moderno y contemporáneo. Se verá el esquema narrativo propuesto en cuentos d’Edgar Allan Poe, Théophile Gautier, Horacio Quiroga y Carlos Fuentes con el fin de ejemplificar la propuesta de que toda anagnórisis en el seno del cuento conlleva una fatalidad cumplida que no es sino un acercamiento a la muerte.