bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mujer y andaluza: identidad, imagen de rol y estereotipo en el discurso de la prensa escrita
Authors: Carrillo Expósito María Lucia
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo estudia los textos periodísticos digitales que dan cuenta de las noticias y opiniones de los comicios internos a la presidencia de los partidos políticos tradicionales españoles: del Partido Socialista Obrero Español del 2017 y del Partido Popular del 2018. Concretamente examina el tratamiento que expensan los periódicos hacia las mujeres políticas españolas que confluyen en estas elecciones: Susana Díaz (PSOE), María Dolores de Cospedal (PP) y Soraya Sáez de Santamaría (PP), centrándonos en Susana Díaz con el fin de descubrir los mecanismos discursivos, estratégicos y argumentativos que incitan los prejuicios de los estereotipos que soporta: mujer y andaluza. La hipótesis reside en la rentabilidad de los estereotipos para acometer los ataques a la imagen pública de la mujer política con el fin de persuadir e influir en la opinión del lector, propósito principal del lenguaje periodístico. El objetivo del estudio diverge en dos direcciones: la primera reflexiona sobre el concepto de estereotipo como imagen social del individuo y se indaga para que tome parcela en el esquema de las imágenes sociales discursivas propuesta por Fuentes (2010); luego se realiza un análisis cuantitativo e interpretativo de los textos con el fin de revelar los actos de descortesía verbal y su efecto en un discurso poco estudiado: periodístico escrito. Metodológicamente el trabajo se inserta en el marco teórico de los estudios de la (des)cortesía verbal de enfoque social y discursivo (Haverkate, 1994; Bravo, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2005; Briz, 2003, 2004, 2011; Brenes Peña, 2009, 2011, Fuentes Rodríguez, 2010, 2011, 2016 y otros) y, asumimos para los macro-actos discursivos la propuesta de Teun van Dijk (1999, 2003), la metodología del análisis del discurso.
Ideologías lingüísticas y la representación del colectivo LGTBI en las Columnas sobre la lengua (CSL)
Authors: Melero Carnero Laura
Published: February 2022

A través del concepto de las ideologías lingüísticas como marco teórico y de los estudios enmarcados dentro de la teoría queer, el presente artículo analiza los discursos hacia el colectivo LGTBI expresadas en las Columnas sobre la lengua. El principal objetivo de este artículo es averiguar si los columnistas seleccionados en nuestro corpus están a favor o en contra de apoyar al colectivo LGTBI en términos lingüísticos y qué posiciones toman ante los términos que discriminan a todo el movimiento. Para ello, se ha elaborado un corpus que incluye la información sobre los autores y las autoras que han hablado sobre el movimiento queer, así como las columnas que se han escrito sobre este tema publicadas entre 2002 y 2021. Los resultados que arrojan nuestro análisis demuestran que existe un choque entre los estudios queer y las ideologías lingüísticas de los columnistas, quienes, a pesar de mostrar su apoyo al movimiento, algunos todavía muestran resistencia a aceptar nuevos términos inclusivos por no dañar el estatus de la lengua española.
La distribución de las fórmulas rutinarias de reproche en la intervención del hablante
Authors: Tulimirovic Bojana
Published: February 2022

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la distribución de las fórmulas rutinarias de reproche dentro de la intervención del hablante, esto es, del sujeto que emplea una fórmula rutinaria concreta con la intención de reprochar las acciones previas de su interlocutor. Así pues, se pretende examinar la posición que ocupa la fórmula (inicial, medial, final o independiente) atendiendo a los criterios de la teoría de la segmentación de la conversación propuesta por el grupo Val.Es.Co. Creemos que la dualidad directivo-expresiva que presenta el acto de habla del reproche hace que las fórmulas usadas para vehicular este acto se realicen en entornos sintáctico-enunciativos complejos. Por tanto, se puede decir que la posición más frecuente que ocupan estas fórmulas es la medial. Para ello, se han escogido tres fórmulas rutinarias de reproche y se han analizado 300 ejemplos distintos del corpus esTenTen18 (Spanish Web18). Los resultados preliminares confirman nuestras hipótesis de partida: las fórmulas de reproche se desarrollan en intervenciones complejas reactivas lo cual implica que existe una clara tendencia hacia el reforzamiento argumentativo de la fórmula.
RUSSIAN AUTOMOTIVE MARKET: BUSINESS STRATEGIES AND REGULATORS’ ACTIONS (2009-2021)
Authors: Vertogradov V. A. , Shchelokova S. V. , Ivanchina A. A.
Published: February 2022

The article provides a detailed analysis of the competition and the degree of dominance in the Russian automotive market from 2009 to 2021 based on the statistics of the Association of European Businesses using the SV matrix. The authors distinguish three periods of market development, analyze the strategies of leading companies and the actions of regulatory bodies within the period 2012-2016 (when the number of dominant companies dropped from 12 to 5 and this composition was preserved until 2021). The research shows that the success of automotive companies was determined by the presence of institutional advantages and compliance with the strategy of the Russian regulators. The determining influence on the evolution of the dominance level in the market during the study period was provided by the state support program for automakers.
THE CONCEPT OF INNOVATION POTENTIAL AND METHODS OF ITS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Repeshko Yu, A.
Published: February 2022

In the harsh and constantly changing market conditions, it is important for each enterprise to maintain a high level of competitiveness, and one of the determining factors in this matter is the innovative potential of the enterprise. Innovative potential can be considered all those opportunities and resources that an industrial enterprise can use to create and implement innovations. In order for an enterprise to “stay afloat”, it needs to understand how to manage its innovation potential.
BUILDING AN INNOVATIVE STRATEGY FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Chepsarakov A. V.
Published: February 2022

This article discusses modern concepts and the construction of an innovative strategy for the development of an enterprise. The types of innovative strategies are described, special attention is paid to the tasks of innovative activity. The article highlights and describes the stages of developing an enterprise innovation strategy and emphasizes the importance of innovation, which largely determines the development of the company, the qualifications of the specialists of this company and creates a general picture of the prospects for the development of the company and gaining a competitive leading position in the market.
The Age of Criminal Responsibility: Controversial Issues of Legislation and Practice
Authors: Trapaidze K. Z.
Published: February 2022

One of the most important areas of criminal policy is to increase the effectiveness of the norms of criminal law concerning the responsibility of minors. The paper aims to study criminal law norms that differentiate responsibility depending on the age of the person who committed a crime and the practice of its application. A study carried out using historical and comparative methods showed that the number of crimes, the responsibility for which starts at the age of 14 under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is constantly growing. The number increased from 20 crimes in 1997 to 33 crimes in 2021. The results obtained in the course of the study confirm that the practice of establishing criminal liability for committing a crime from the age of 14 or reducing the already established age from 16 to 14 years based on the mere danger of such a crime cannot be considered justified. Another conclusion drawn from the study is that the Russian law-maker should have taken advantage of the recommendation of the Model Criminal Code for the CIS member states and enshrined the rule that in cases provided for by law (for example, for crimes commited by public officials or military crimes), only a person who has reached an age older than 16 years can be subject to criminal responsibility. Refusal to include in Art. 20 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of the third age (in addition to 16 and 14) of criminal liability has led to the fact that the courts, in particular, do not apply the provisions on «age-related insanity» to persons who have reached 18 years of age at the time of the crime, but who have a mental retardation, which under certain conditions can be considered as a manifestation of age discrimination.
Criminalistic Implementation of Counteraction to the Use of Biotechnologies in the event of Commission of Criminal Oﬀences
Authors: Kruchinina N. V.
Published: February 2022

Achievements in the field of biotechnology raise the standard of human life and improve its quality, open up new opportunities for social activity, including for business, and are also used when combating crime. The paper analyzes the problems associated with the study of trace substances of human biological origin, the collection and storage of genomic information, the formation of such a direction as DNA forensics. The author examines the issue of criminal threats associated with the use of biotechnologies, including crimes committed with the use of biological weapons, bioterrorism, and analyzes the criminal use of biotechnologies, including the sphere of assisted human reproduction. The paper defines the possibilities of criminalistics in the process of countering the use of biotechnologies in the commission of criminal offences. First, we are talking about the development of measures to prevent crimes in this area, creation of methods for investigating crimes committed in this area, development of effective technical, tactical and methodological recommendations for verifying information that is significant from a forensic standpoint.

The author proves that further development of biotechnologies is impossible without proper legal regulation, without protection from criminal risks. The high level of abuse, including of a criminal nature, in the field of genomic research determines the need to form a scientific basis for developing measures to respond to criminal risks in the field of artificial human reproduction, as well as measures to counter criminal activity in this area. In view of this, according to the author, there is a need to adopt a separate federal law on assisted reproductive technologies.
Privacy in the realm of Artiﬁcial Intelligence Systems Application for Remote Biometric Identiﬁcation
Authors: Kuteynikov D. L. , Izhaev O. A. , Lebedev V. A. , Zenin S. S.
Published: February 2022

The paper analyzes legal approaches to solving key problems of human rights implementation in the conditions of mass exploitation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in the public space. Within the framework of the study, the emphasis is placed on the features of the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence systems for remote biometric identification. The use of these systems is currently only beginning to acquire a regulatory legal framework and law enforcement practice in most countries. The study analyzes several different models of legal regulation that are typical of individual countries and regions, such as the United Kingdom, the United States, China, the EU and Russia.

In the UK, the use of real-time facial recognition systems in public spaces is allowed, but the set of scenarios and situations of their use is significantly limited by legislation and law enforcement practice. In the United States, both at the federal and state levels, there are no general rules that form a unified legal approach to regulating the area in question. The EC has developed a draft Regulation on Harmonized AI Rules (Artificial Intelligence Act), which is supposed to prohibit the use of AI systems for remote biometric identification of individuals in real time in public places. There is no special regulatory regulation of this sphere of public relations in the PRC. The development of these systems in China is controlled by the state, which, due to the high centralization of power, leads to the risk of human rights violations and the creation of an atmosphere of total surveillance of citizens without any legally established framework and restrictions. In Russia, the state is actively deploying these systems at the federal and regional levels in the absence of a specialized regulatory framework. Human rights are protected only by the general norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and legislation, law enforcement practice is mainly aimed at ensuring the interests of the state.
Criminal Proceedings and Digital Technologies: Combine or Separate
Authors: Tsurluy O. Yu.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the legal regulation and judicial practice of digitalization of criminal proceedings. In modern conditions, rapidly developing technologies are being introduced into all spheres of human life. On the one hand, technologies facilitate and simplify processes, on the other, entail the need to solve specific tasks that did not arise before their use. Criminal proceedings, being a multifaceted and complex activity that affects the most significant human rights, such as life, freedom, inviolability of the home, requires the most careful approach and caution when using digital technologies. However, the essence of the criminal process itself does not exclude the expediency of optimizing the investigation of a criminal case, its consideration and resolution by the court through digitalization. The criminal procedure legislation includes a few norms regulating the use of technologies in criminal proceedings. The draft law, which proposes to introduce norms regulating remote judicial proceedings, does not concern criminal proceedings, which indicates the gradual and cautious digitalization of this area of law enforcement. At the same time, judicial practice dictates the need for detailed regulation of the use of digital technologies in criminal proceedings. Amendments should be made to the Code of Criminal Procedure, providing for the grounds and procedure for remote participation in a court session by means of a web conference for a witness, specialist, and expert. The current level of development of digital technologies makes it possible to use them without negatively affecting the quality of the process, while reducing court costs, terms of consideration of cases and ensuring the protection of the rights of participants in criminal proceedings.
Initiating Lane and Band Formation in Heterogeneous Pedestrian Dynamics
Authors: Khelfa Basma , Korbmacher Raphael , Schadschneider Andreas , Tordeux Antoine
Published: February 2022

Self-avoiding agents such as pedestrians or road vehicles can exhibit different types of collective and coordinated dynamics. Prominent examples are stop-and-go waves and lane formation, or nonuniform patterns and ordered structures at bottlenecks and intersections. Non-linear effects, phase transitions, and metastability in the collective dynamics of interacting agents raise interesting theoretical questions. Besides scientific interests, understanding and controlling collective performances from individual interaction rules is fundamental to authorities. In this contribution, we show using a two-species agent-based model that heterogeneity can generically initiate segregation and spontaneous formation of lanes and bands. Two universal heterogeneity mechanisms are identified. In the first one, we attribute statically two different values to the parameters of the two types of agents. We aim here to model static heterogeneous individual characteristics. In the second model, we attribute dynamically two different values for the parameters according to the type of the closest agent in front. In contrast to the first model for which the heterogeneity lies statically in agent characteristics, we aim to model dynamic heterogeneity in the interactions. Simulation results show that self-organized lane and band formations spontaneously occur when the heterogeneity factors are sufficiently high. More precisely, we observe the emergence of longitudinal lanes when the heterogeneity lies in the agents when transversal bands arise if we assume heterogeneity in the interactions. The different organizations of the flow highly influence the system's performance. Lane patterns significantly improve the flow, while band formation acting as gridlocks result in lower performance.
I. A. Gorokhover. Planning and financing of hospitals and polyclinics. II expanded and revised edition. Medicine, M., 1967
Authors: Andreev I. A.
Published: February 2022

The Communist Party and the Soviet State tirelessly take care of strengthening human health, his physical and spiritual development. One of the proofs of this concern is the continuous growth of budget allocations for health care. In 1940 they amounted to 0.9 billion rubles, in 1950 2.1 billion rubles, in 1968 they increased to 7.6 billion rubles. The skillful use of these funds is of great importance for the organization of the treatment of patients and the implementation of extensive preventive measures. The book of I. A. Gorokhover is of great interest to a wide range of health care organizers, planners and financial workers of medical institutions.
About the duration of treatment at a mud spa for joint diseases
Authors: Hooke V V
Published: February 2022

To increase the effectiveness of spa treatment, a number of measures are currently being carried out: a general improvement in patient care, rationalization and improvement of the technique of medical procedures, the introduction of new methods of treatment (combined treatment Prof. E.M. Brusilovsky), etc. Along with this , for this purpose play a very important role: the correct selection of patients, as well as the question of the duration of treatment. A lot of modern balneological literature is devoted to the selection of patients, but the question of the time of treatment somehow remains in the shadows.
More about primary genital diphtheria in girls
Authors: Smorodintsev N A
Published: February 2022

Having met during the past 1931 9 cases of diphtheria of the external genital organs (d. N. P. O.) In girls - 1, 2 y. we take the liberty of dwelling on them once more. We will not touch upon the issues of diagnosis and treatment, since we have already done this elsewhere. Here we find it necessary to cite 2 of these 9 cases, which ended fatally, in order to once again emphasize the danger of untimely recognition of D.N. p. o., as well as the consequences of inadequate therapy, which, in our opinion, was observed in these cases.
To the pathogenesis of acute nephritis
Authors: Nikolaev P N
Published: February 2022

Over the past two decades, the chapter on kidney disease has been and remains the subject of especially numerous studies. Questions of symptomatology, clinical presentation, clinical and anatomical parallels, etiology and pathogenesis - all this is reflected in the very extensive literature - both Russian and foreign, which is available today day, and, undoubtedly, our knowledge in the doctrine of nephropathy has advanced significantly.
The medical and health crisis in Germany
Authors: Shwartz S M
Published: February 2022

If you get acquainted with the numbers characterizing the medical healthcare institutions in Germany and their work, judging about medicine and healthcare in Germany by external signs and digital indicators, you get the impression of great well-being and a flourishing state.
To the clinic fistula gastro-jejuno-colica
Authors: Solovey M G
Published: February 2022

According to the etiological principle, gastrointestinal fistulas can be divided into two groups: fistulas that form between the stomach and the transverse colon, due to local peritonitis with an outcome in an abscess, or due to the tuberculous process. This group of fistulas (mainly gastro-colica) is relatively rare, especially on the basis of tuberculosis, and their practical value is small.
To the question of the moments contributing to the occurrence of postoperative peptic ulcer of the jejunum
Authors: Levkov A I
Published: February 2022

Despite the large number of works on the issue of peptic ulcer of the small intestine, the latter has not lost its relevance and interest to date.Peptic ulcer is one of the most serious complications of gastric surgery. Our material is compiled by the surgical department. Penza hospital 1382 operations performed for stomach and duodenal ulcers. Of these, 1254 operations were performed during the year. and 128 for gastric resection. For this number of operations, until recently, we have 20 cases of postoperative peptic ulcers.
Novocaine nerve block in psoriasis
Authors: Rupasov N F
Published: February 2022

For the treatment of scaly lichen, many medications have been proposed in the form of ointments, tinctures, etc. Recently, intravenous infusion of neosalvarsan has sometimes been successfully used. However, despite this, in many cases the methods of treatment listed above do not give the desired results, and the patients, continuing to suffer for many years, are forced to put up with their fate as permanent carriers of this disease.
Bovine and human tuberculosis. Legendre (Rg. Med. 1932, 71)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: February 2022

Legendre (Pg. Med. 1932, 71) recalls the data of a number of authors: "In 26 surveyed commercial establishments in a large city of Germany, VK type Lovin was found in cow's milk in 33% (Klimmer)".
On the issue of postoperative sinustrombosis. Kriegsmann. Archivfür Ohren-Nasen und Kehlköpfheilkunde. Bd. 131. H. 3.1932 r
Authors: Shcherbatov I. I.
Published: February 2022

The author checked the case histories for 18 months. Antrotomy was performed in 241 cases and radical surgery in 86 cases. On 241 antrotomies, the sinus was exposed 133 times, of which it appeared normal in 132 cases. 127 cases healed without complications, as did those where the sinus was not exposed.
Artificial abscess. G. CANUT. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. No. 10. 1932.
Authors: Shcherbatov I. I.
Published: February 2022

The author used an artificial abscess for septic infection and establishes the indications for it and the technique. Artificial abscess is a method, the purpose of which is to artificially induce, through irritation with turpentine oil, the formation of an abscess in the subcutaneous tissue.
Allergy in diseases of the biliary tract. Fodor'u and Kunos'y Therapia, 1931, no. 3
Authors: Mirkin A.
Published: February 2022

According to Fodor and Kunos (Therapia, 1931, No. 3), allergic moments play the role of functional causes in biliary tract disease. In a large percentage of cases, there is a simultaneous occurrence of allergic diseases and diseases of the biliary tract.
Deaths from tuberculosis in New York. Louis Z. f. d. T. T, 37.5
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: February 2022

New York is a "laboratory" for the study of social problems: a city of many nationalities, with different social status of certain groups of the population and different types and frequencies of various diseases.
On the question of the defeat of the pancreas in acquired syphilis
Authors: Golyaev A. V.
Published: February 2022

Recognition of visceral syphilis, with the exception of the lobular liver, until recently presented significant difficulties for clinicians, and the early forms of the disease, even on the section, were completely visible. Prophet. R. A. Luria in his monographs "Syphilis and the stomach" writes: "The early forms of syphilitic diseases of internal organs have been studied very little, especially since the very recognition of functional changes encounters great obstacles in the clinic and admits with the same picture of the disease completely different interpretations about the pathogenesis and their origin. "
Miliary tbc detected by puncture of the spleen. Pr. Med. 1933, no. 12
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: February 2022

Miliary forms of TBK often, despite the threatening symptoms, do not give any indications of TBK: the chest does not deviate from N, there are no VCs in the sputum, and X-ray does not give any changes.
Treatment of anemia in mixedema. Lerman et Means (Pr. Med. 1933, 12)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: February 2022

Anemia often occurs with mixadema and is very often accompanied by a lack of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice. In some cases, thyroidin is enough to eliminate anemia, in others anemia persists and only the number of erythrocytes returns to normal.
Serotherapy for peritonitis. Dick (Znbl. F. Chir. 1931)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

Dick (Znbl. F. Chir. 1931) saw favorable results in the treatment of coli peritonitis serum, especially in cases of peritonitis due to perforated appendicitis. Mortality rate - 25%; In the pre-sympathetic period of treatment of peritonitis on the same material and with the same technique, the mortality rate was 3%.
An interesting case of meningitis in middle ear cholesteotomy. luese, and tuberculosis. Dr H. G. Riecke. (Arch. F. Ohr., Nas-und Kehlkopfheilkunde. B. 126. H3 / 4, 1930. Oktober)
Authors: Viktorova E. S.
Published: February 2022

The interest of this case lies in a complex disease (clear from the title); moreover, in addition to obvious manifestations of a purulent process in the middle ear, there were indications of a cerebral abscess;
To revise the causes of failure in adenotomy. D-r. Bernfeld. (Arch. X Ohr., Nas. Und Kehlkophfeilkunde. B. 131. H. 3.1932. Mai)
Authors: Viktorova E. S.
Published: February 2022

The author points out that the majority of unsuccessful adenotomy results from ignoring the morphology of the nasopharynx. There is no doubt that the size of the nasopharynx is always individually different, which is why it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the shape of the nasopharynx before the operation. It may be narrow or low, or not deep enough, or even asymmetrically constructed, which is often an expression of its inadequacy with the preservation of the type of infantile nasopharynx.
Meeting of the eye section H.-honey. assoc. 14/1 1933
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: February 2022

Attended by the staff of the Eye Clinic Med. Internet., Trachomatology. Institute, school nurse. doctors and 2 representatives of the island of the blind. A total of 25 people.
Chronicle Volume 29, No. 4 (1933)
Authors: Team Editorial
Published: February 2022

Suicide in the USA. According to the New York State Department of Health, the suicide rate in the US reached 20.2 per 100,000 inhabitants in 1932, the highest in state history. Most suicides are due to unemployment.
On the casuistry of multiple primary syphiloma
Authors: Kochetov B. P.
Published: February 2022

Primary sclerosis, according to the generally accepted opinion, in most cases is single, less often in the amount of 2-3, very rarely in the amount of 4-8 and, as an exception, 19-23 sclerosis was observed. This is confirmed by the statistical data of A. Fournier and our compatriot prof. G. e.
From clinical observations of zinc oxide poisoning
Authors: Matusevich Ya. Z. , Frumina L. M. , Peregud E. A.
Published: February 2022

The material for this article is a clinical examination in the Ying hospital of a group of workers of the electromechanical casting department of the head. Cr. Vyborzhets ".
To the question of replacing bismuth salts with white clay
Authors: Gurvich V.
Published: February 2022

With the mention of the good action of Bolus alba, we meet with prof. Mayulov, who recommends them in large doses for intoxication (1 teaspoon of Bolus alba per 100.0 mucous broth), as well as for muco-bloody diarrhea in prolonged form, in the form of powders along with Bismuth, subnitric. tannalbin. Also recommends Bolus alba and prof. Birk for prolonged colitis. I began to use Bolus alba in practice 2 years ago on the advice of Professor Leonov (Minsk Children's Clinic). The last few months I have been working in a counseling and a mountain nursery. Orsha, made special observations on the effect of white clay so that it could be recommended to all pediatricians. Although the results of the previous 2-year observations were good enough, they need to be illustrated with case histories so that it would be convincing for others. As you can see from the excerpts from the medical history, I used Calc. carb. + Bolus alba aa 0.25, and recently Bolus alba 0.5 and 0.3.
Treatment of sciatic pain. Winchell Mek Cgais and Ralph K Ghormley (The Journal of Americ. Medic. Association 1933. V, 100. No. 15)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

For the treatment of outpatients suffering from sciatic pain, I suggest! epidural ischections of a 1% solution of novocaine in an amount of 40-60 k. cl If necessary, such injections can be repeated every other day. Success was observed in 53% for 80 cases, improvement in 24% and only 22% but there was an effect.
Sphagnus (peat moss) in surgery. S. A. Novotelnov (Military sanitary affairs, 1933, No. 2-3)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

SA Novotelnov (Military-sanitary affairs, 1933, No. 2-3) sets out the history of the use of sphagnum in surgery and reminds of his excellent suction abilities. Due to the richness of our country in peat bogs, on which soft fluffy sphagnum grows, the latter is especially suitable in wartime, when a huge amount of suction and lining material is required to treat wounds and at the same time there is a shortage of dressings.
Diabetes mellitus and pregnancy. (Nippon Fujinkagakkai Zassi, 1932,7-12)
Authors: Manenkov P.
Published: February 2022

Naito, referring to the course of diabetes, in connection with pregnancy, cites two cases of pregnancy with diabetes that he studied relatively accurately (diabetics rarely get pregnant) - one case of a mild form and the other of a severe one. In these cases, diabetes during pregnancy improved, sugar assimilation increased with the progression of pregnancy, glucosuria decreased, and subjective symptoms improved.
Healthcare of the TR as a result of the first five-year plan and its immediate tasks
Authors: Epstein T. D.
Published: February 2022

On the basis of the greatest successes achieved by the USSR as a result of the implementation of the first five-year plan of industrialization of the country and the socialist reorganization of agriculture, a process of rapid pulling up to the most advanced levels of a number of national republics, regions and regions, which until recently were in a state of economic and cultural backwardness, is taking place. This is the great strength of the Leninist national policy, which proves to the proletarians and oppressed colonial peoples of the whole world that only through the proletarian revolution lies the only path to the complete economic, political and cultural emancipation of the multimillion national masses and their rise in a short historical period of time from primitive and feudal forms of economy to the highest levels of socialist production and a complete revolution in the everyday and cultural way of life.
On treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications
Authors: Maslov P. N.
Published: February 2022

Among the postoperative complications that can threaten the life of the operated patient, postoperative bronchitis and bronchopneumonia developing from it are especially numerous and dangerous; the latter mostly have a severe course, often putting the very life of the patient at risk. Hence, it is natural that successful control of postoperative pulmonary complications is one of the next and practically important tasks of modern surgery. Therefore, it is not surprising that the surgical thought is constantly dealing with this issue, considering it both from the preventive and the therapeutic side.
Artificial miscarriage as a social evil, and the struggle against this evil
Authors: Gruzdev V. S.
Published: February 2022

With deep economic and even biological foundations, the struggle against motherhood has taken on truly colossal proportions for today's women. In all cultural countries there has been a progressive, year by year, growing decrease in the percentage of births, and at the same time, despite the decrease in mortality, a decrease in the annual population increase. Not to mention France, even in a country such as Sweden, which escaped the horrors of the imperialist war, and has generally been given the example of a socially healthy country, the birth rate fell from 26.3/o in 1891 to 12.6/o in 1926, or more than halved in 31/2 decades. Our homeland is no exception in this respect.
Osteomyelitis of the upper jaw
Authors: Frenkel I. S.
Published: February 2022

Osteomyelitis mainly develops in long tubular scars, while in short and flat bones they are rarely observed. Ostomyelitis of the upper jaw is especially rare. Cadenat and Cola say that maxillary osteomyelitis is in the last row in the statistical tables. Trendel found only 4 cases of maxillary osteomyelitis in 1279 cases of osteomyelitis, i.e. 0.3%. Panzel reports 7 cases of maxillary osteomyelitis per 15 thousand patients. Mayer collected 10 cases in the literature until 1901, Francois collected 32 cases in 1914, and Terracol in 1926 already cites 50 cases of osteomyelitis of the upper jaw in his work.
Two cases of formation of an artificial vagina
Authors: Sobolev L. N.
Published: February 2022

The formation of an artificial vagina in the absence of it, both congenital and acquired, is an operation for relatively young people and all methods of operation have not yet received a proper assessment, but nevertheless, even in Russian literature, this operation is numbered in dozens. If we add to this number more unsuccessful cases, which, undoubtedly, are often not published, then we get a fairly significant number.
On the dependence of protein-free nitrogen-body exchange on the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Eiger, Rubinstein (Warsz. Czasop. Lek., 1927, no. 12)
Authors: Weinberg M.
Published: February 2022

To prove the influence of the autonomic system on the metabolism of protein-free nitrogen bodies, the authors performed a series of experiments on dogs and rabbits, using a chemical micromethod they examined "protein-free nitrogen" in blood or serum taken from v. hepatica before and after transection of the corresponding nerves of the autonomic system, as well as before and after excitation of the same nerves.
Review of 70 operations for echinococcus
Authors: Ostroumov B. A.
Published: February 2022

Working in an area exceptional in terms of the spread of echinococcal diseases, where the indigenous population is mainly engaged in cattle breeding, for three years (from 15/29 29 to 15/3 32) I had to see and operate on echinococcus a lot in the city of Semipalatinsk. sick. Moreover, we had to observe the relatively rare localizations of echincoccal cysts.
Blood changes during bone marrow removal. O.N. Bogoraz (II Congress of Surgeons of the North-Caucasus Region)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

In connection with the suggestion of operative treatment of malignant anemia by removal of bone marrow from the tubular bones, the author performed experiments on dogs to find out how the blood picture changes when the bone marrow is completely and partially removed.
Treatment with x-rays of pulmonary tbc. Lorey and Gehrke (Beitr. zur Kl. d. Tub., Bd. 61, H. 4)
Authors: Gasul R. Ya.
Published: February 2022

Based on the data obtained by Wasmeister and Kpferle in the roentgenization of experimentally infected tbc animals with bacilli and in the treatment of pulmonary tbc in humans, the authors performed roentgen therapy on 45 patients with lung tbc and obtained clinical cure in 20 cases.
Ivanov-Smolenskiy A.G. Methodology for the study of conditioned reflexes in humans. 102 pp. Medgiz. Moscow, 1933
Authors: Galant Yves.
Published: February 2022

This book is a summary of all those methods of studying conditioned reflexes that have been used so far in the study of conditioned reflex activity of a child and an adult, healthy and sick person.
Tuberculous bacillus in the course of acute non-tbc infectious diseases Troisier and Monaldi (Rg. Med., 1932, 96)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: February 2022

Troisier and Monaldi (Rg. Med., 1932, 96), having changed Lowenstein's method, performed blood cultures of patients who had one or another infectious disease. A.a. describe 3 cases, from the blood of which VC were cultivated: 1st patient with endocarditis (blood culture produced non-hemolytic streptococcus) died of septic cerebral infarction, autopsy did not reveal a single tbc focus. Nth. Croupous pneumonia (pneumococcus), ending in a crisis on the 6th day.
The mechanism of origin of postoperative hyperglycemia Fr. Lefevre (Revue beige des sciences medicales. 1933, no. 1)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

Fr. Lefevre (Revue beige des sciences medicales. 1933, No. 1), adhering to the Cannon school, puts forward 3 hypotheses to explain the mechanism of the origin of postoperative hyperglycemia.
Axonal trauma as one of the forms of diffusive contusive injury of the brain
Authors: Pashinyan C. A. , Kasumova S. Yu. , Romodanovsky P. O.
Published: February 2022

The comprehensive clinical picture of diffusive axonal trauma and its morphologic manifestations are given. It is shown that the mechanism of head trauma, the direction of traumatizing object motion and the terms of inflicting injuries may be determined by the localization and distribution of the foci of azones injuries.
On the problem of clinical examination of the mild forms of craniocerebral injury
Authors: Lomovtseva L. M. , Kalinin Yu. P.
Published: February 2022

The mild forms of craniocerebral injury concussion and contusion of the brain of the mild form are closely related in symptomatology but vary in time of a patient (victim) disability and consequently in forensic medical examination of the gravity of body injuries. The problems of diagnosis, differentiated approach of clinical diagnosis in the mild forms of craniocerebral injury are studied, the only approach of physicians-specialists (neurosurgeons, neuropathologists and medicolegists) to this issue is determined.
To the treatment of glaucoma with ergotamine. Heim (Klin. Mon. f. Aug., Bd. 79, S. 345)
Authors: Roshchin V.
Published: February 2022

Believing that one of the etiology of the glaucomatous process is a hyperfunction of the sympathetic, nerve, and knowing that ergotamine has the property to paralyze the end of the latter, the author began to use this agent in glaucoma or as tablets orally (2 tablets 3 times a day), or in combination with infections it under the conjunctiva, and got very encouraging results.
Pruritus vulvae. Singer (Ber. ü. d. ges. Gyn., Bd. XII), Küttner (Deut. Zeit. f. Chir., Bd. 200, 1927)
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: February 2022

The author found in this disease a strong keratinization of the epithelium, sharp hyaline degeneration of the subepithelial connective tissue and disturbances in the distribution of elastic fibers. The causes of these changes are not always clear. Ovarian dysfunction often plays a role here, and in severe cases, changes in thyroid and liver function were found.
Recurrence of fungal diseases of the scalp after x-rays treatment. E. Muskablut and N. Chernogubova (Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1927, Bd. 152, H. 3)
Authors: Yasnitsky N.
Published: February 2022

With an extremely high prevalence of parasitic diseases among school-age children, the issue of treatment methods and relapses of these diseases is particularly important. A thorough work by E. Muskablut and N. Chernogubov, who on the basis of a large material (1546 cases of fungal diseases treated with Rntgen's rays) establish a relapse rate of 6.4%, with most of them falling in the 1st year after the end of treatment.
Wetterer J. International radiotherapy. Volume II. Wittich, Darmstadt, 1927, 1072 pp.
Authors: Gasul R. Ya.
Published: February 2022

One has to wonder at the masterly systematization and selection of material collected by the author with the participation of prominent representatives of international radiology (inter alia, Soviet radiology) on the physics, technology, biology of X-rays and radium, general and private X-ray radiotherapy. Highlights include dermatology, gynecology, oncology, tuberculosis, internal diseases, urology, dentistry, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, and surgery.
I All-Union Congress of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists in Moscow
Authors: Pervushin G.
Published: February 2022

The Moscow Congress of Psycho-neuropathologists was convened by the People's Commissariat for Health of the RSFSR on the initiative of the All-Union Conference on Psychiatry and Neurology held in 1925. Having its own organizational committee, the Congress was not connected with the last Leningrad Congress of Neurologists, Psychologists and Psychiatrists held in 1924, and therefore could call itself "the first". Its Organizing Committee, under the chairmanship of Prof. V. K. Korotko, did a great deal of preliminary work in organizing the scientific forces of the S'ezda. There were about 700 participants in S'ezda. The honorary chairmen were Acad. V. M. Bekhterev, Prof. L. S. Minor and Prof. G. I. Rossolimo. The Congress heard 18 reports of the Organizing Committee and more than 200 reports on individual program and non-program issues.
Some problems in forensic medical examination of inviolent death cases
Authors: Zabusov Yu. G. , Khromova A. M.
Published: February 2022

The basic differences between pathoanatomical and forensic medical examinations of corpses are surveyed. The importance of histological examinations for diagnosis is stressed, the measures to provide catamnestic findings and the concept of systematic approach to the pathology detected in sudden death cases using forensic medical data are proposed, the diagnostic system developed and introduced by the authors to differentiate ischemic heart disease, alcoholic cardiomyopathy and acute alcoholic poisoning is characterized.
Kazan State Institute for Advanced Medical Training
Authors: Semashko N. A.
Published: February 2022

One extremely interesting and important symptom of this moment is the discrepancy (a kind of "scissors") between the demands of the population and the means we have for meeting these demands. This divergence can be observed in all areas of construction, both economic and cultural. We can also observe this symptom in the field of health care. Looking back on the road covered, we can state certain successes by the 10th anniversary of October, but we can't help noticing how far we have fallen from satisfying the needs of the population. As far as cultural work in general and health care in particular is concerned, the French proverb: "L'appetit vient en mangeant" is more justified than anywhere else.
The value of in vitro tissue culture method (so called explantation) for radiobiology and radiotherapy
Authors: Gasul R. Ya.
Published: February 2022

When we begin to evaluate any therapeutic agent, we need first of all to study its direct effect on physiological or pathological processes in the organism, organs and tissues. In radiotherapy this assessment was earlier complicated by the fact that we did not yet have sufficient biological data, on the basis of which we could speak about the direct action of X-rays on organs and their functions. Only recently separate experimenters resorted to the technique of tissue cultures in the explant to solve this question.
Constitution and clinic of tuberculosis. Prof. А. Ya. Sternberg (Vrach. Gaz., 1927, No. 19)
Authors: Sherman S.
Published: February 2022

The author confirmed by his experiments that constitutional resistance or susceptibility to infectious diseases stands in connection with the organs of internal secretion. In the Tuberculosis Institute it was found that guinea pigs and rabbits have a difference in endocrine formulas, which difference corresponds to the difference in the natural immunity of these animals against different infections. For final proof, an attempt was made to approximate the endocrine formula of a rabbit to that of a guinea pig to see if its natural immunity would change.
Hepatography. М. Einhorn (Presse med., 1927, No. 79)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: February 2022

The author notes that after the use of tetraiodophenolphthalein the liver and kidneys become more visible in X-rays, because iodine, after administration per os or through the duodenal probe, by portal circulation enters the liver before it appears in the general circulation, and before the discharge into the gall bladder. The best conditions for hepatography occur 2 hours after duodenal probe administration and 6 hours after per os ingestion.
On the influence of X-ray therapy of goiter before its operative treatment. Dr. V.S. Galkin (Nov. Khir. Arch., No. 53, 1927)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

The author cites 2 cases of death of patients who had undergone prior radiotherapy after strumulectomy. Eidelsberg noted that the operation to remove the goiter is extremely difficult after the previous radiotherapy due to the abundance of adhesions and irrigation of the gland with the surrounding tissues.
Puerperal infection with anaerobic streptococci. Schwarz and Dieckmann (Amer. Jour. of obst. a. gyn., v. 13, 1927; Ber. ü. d. g. Gyn., Bd. XII)
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: February 2022

In agreement with Schollmller's views, the authors believe that anaerobic streptococci are of predominant importance in puerperal infection. Of the 17 cases where blood cultures were positive, they were detected in 11. Cultures obtained from the uterine cavity detected 35 times anaerobic and 12 times aerobic streptococci. Of the 10 deaths, 5 were due to anaerobic streptococci and 3 to a mixture of anaerobic streptococci with other microbes.
Mechanism of hypnosis and autonomic nervous system. A. P. Nikolaev (Phys. Gaz., 1927, No. 22)
Authors: Sherman S.
Published: February 2022

The author notes that, thanks mainly to the classical works of Academician I.P. Pavlov, it can be considered established that normal, natural sleep and hypnosis are states of the same order, which differ from each other only quantitatively, not qualitatively, and are an expression of cerebral cortex inhibition. In discussing the question of what leads to complete inhibition in the cerebral cortex, i.e. to sleep, the author dwells on the opinion of Legendre and Pieron, who believe that sleep is the result of hypnotoxin poisoning, and the opinion of Acad. Pavlov, according to which sleep is a simple unconditional protective, innate reflex, protecting the most valuable elements of the organism - nerve cells of the large hemispheres.
F. Munk. Fundamentals of the General X-ray Diagnosis of Internal Diseases. III ed. 316 pp, 297 figures, Leipzig
Authors: Gasul R. Ya.
Published: February 2022

In the field of x-ray diagnostic literature, we have two kinds of manuals and textbooks: some of them are intended for specialist radiographers, others for those numerous clinicians or practitioners who either use X-rays independently as an auxiliary diagnostic method, or are forced to decipher the radiographer's protocol notes or to understand the radiographs brought by the patient. This book is intended for the latter category of physicians.
Chronic gonorrhoids and paragonorrhoids diseases of the genital glands. Collection of articles edited by Prof. P.M. Fronstein. Ulyanovsk, 1926
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: February 2022

The collection has the character of a monograph devoted to the questions of inflammatory diseases of the male genital glands, the effect of these diseases on their functions, and the most suitable methods of their therapy. It contains 6 separate articles, which, supplementing each other, give a rather complete picture of these lesions.
Beiträge zum Sexualproblem. Herausgeg. von D-r А. Theilhaber. Verlag der Syndikalist, F. Kater. Berlin О. 34. Preis für jedes Heft 0,40 Mark
Authors: Galant I.
Published: February 2022

Dr. Theilhaber has been publishing a series of pamphlets in Berlin since 1925 under the general title "Essays on Sexual Issues". Twelve brochures have been published so far. Each one contains 24 pages and deals with one of the many sexual issues.