bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Massive vector bosons: Is the geometrical interpretation as a spontaneously broken gauge theory possible at all scales?
Authors: Dütsch Michael
Published: January 2016

The usual derivation of the Lagrangian of a model for massive vector bosons, by spontaneous symmetry breaking of a gauge theory, implies that the prefactors of the various interaction terms are uniquely determined functions of the coupling constant(s) and the masses. Since, under the renormalization group (RG) flow, different interaction terms get different loop-corrections, it is uncertain whether these functions remain fixed under this flow. We investigate this question for the [Formula: see text]-Higgs-model to 1-loop order in the framework of Epstein–Glaser renormalization. Our main result reads: choosing the renormalization mass scale(s) in a way corresponding to the minimal subtraction scheme, the geometrical interpretation as a spontaneously broken gauge theory gets lost under the RG-flow. This holds also for the clearly stronger property of BRST-invariance of the Lagrangian. On the other hand, we prove that physical consistency, which is a weak form of BRST-invariance of the time-ordered products, is maintained under the RG-flow.
A study of epidemic spreading on activity-driven networks
Authors: Zou Yijiang , Deng Weibing , Li Wei , Cai Xu
Published: January 2016

The epidemic spreading was explored on activity-driven networks (ADNs), accounting for the study of dynamics both on and of the ADN. By employing the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model, two aspects were considered: (1) the infection rate of susceptible agent (depending on the number of its infected neighbors) evolves due to the temporal structure of ADN, rather than being a constant number; (2) the susceptible and infected agents generate unequal links while being activated, namely, the susceptible agent gets few contacts with others in order to protect itself. Results show that, in both cases, the larger epidemic threshold and smaller outbreak size were obtained.
Panic evacuation of single pedestrians and couples
Authors: Frank G. A. , Dorso C. O.
Published: January 2016

Understanding the timing requirements for evacuation of people has focused primarily on independent pedestrians rather than pedestrians emotionally connected. However, the main statistical effects observed in crowds, the so-called “faster is slower”, “clever is not always better” and the “low visibility enhancement”, cannot explain the overall behavior of a crowd during an evacuation process when correlated pedestrians due to, for example feelings, are present. Our research addresses this issue and examines the statistical behavior of a mixture of individuals and couples during a (panic) escaping process. We found that the attractive feeling among couples plays an important role in the time delays during the evacuation of a single exit room.
Wealth distribution under Yard–Sale exchange with proportional taxes
Authors: Bustos-Guajardo R. , Moukarzel Cristian F.
Published: January 2016

Recent analysis of a Yard–Sale (YS) exchange model supplemented with redistributive proportional taxation suggested an asymptotic behavior [Formula: see text] for the wealth distribution, with a parameter-dependent exponent [Formula: see text]. Revisiting this problem, it is here shown analytically, and confirmed by extensive numerical simulation, that the asymptotic behavior of [Formula: see text] is not power-law but rather a Gaussian. When taxation is weak, we furthermore show that a restricted-range power-law behavior appears for wealths around the mean value. The corresponding power-law exponent equals 3/2 when the return distribution has zero mean.
Adapted Infinite Kernel Learning by Multi-Local Algorithm
Authors: Özöğür Akyüz Süreyya , Üstünkar Gürkan , Weber Gerhard Wilhelm
Published: January 2016

The interplay of machine learning (ML) and optimization methods is an emerging field of artificial intelligence. Both ML and optimization are concerned with modeling of systems related to real-world problems. Parameter selection for classification models is an important task for ML algorithms. In statistical learning theory, cross-validation (CV) which is the most well-known model selection method can be very time consuming for large data sets. One of the recent model selection techniques developed for support vector machines (SVMs) is based on the observed test point margins. In this study, observed margin strategy is integrated into our novel infinite kernel learning (IKL) algorithm together with multi-local procedure (MLP) which is an optimization technique to find global solution. The experimental results show improvements in accuracy and speed when comparing with multiple kernel learning (MKL) and semi-infinite linear programming (SILP) with CV.
Finitely presented algebras defined by permutation relations of dihedral type
Authors: Cedó Ferran , Jespers Eric , Klein Georg
Published: January 2016

The class of finitely presented algebras over a field [Formula: see text] with a set of generators [Formula: see text] and defined by homogeneous relations of the form [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] runs through a subset [Formula: see text] of the symmetric group [Formula: see text] of degree [Formula: see text], is investigated. Groups [Formula: see text] in which the cyclic group [Formula: see text] is a normal subgroup of index [Formula: see text] are considered. Certain representations by permutations of the dihedral and semidihedral groups belong to this class of groups. A normal form for the elements of the underlying monoid [Formula: see text] with the same presentation as the algebra is obtained. Properties of the algebra are derived, it follows that it is an automaton algebra in the sense of Ufnarovskij. The universal group [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a unique product group, and it is the central localization of a cancellative subsemigroup of [Formula: see text]. This, together with previously obtained results on such semigroups and algebras, is used to show that the algebra [Formula: see text] is semiprimitive.
On a banded link presentation of knotted surfaces
Authors: Jabłonowski Michał
Published: January 2016

We will discuss a method for visual presentation of knotted surfaces in the four space, by examining a number and a position of its Morse’s critical points. Using this method, we will investigate surface-knot with one critical point of index [Formula: see text]. Then we show infinitely many mutually distinct surface-knots that have an embedding with two critical points of index [Formula: see text]. Next we define a long flat form of a banded link for any surface-knot and show diagrammatically a long flat form of [Formula: see text]-twist-spun [Formula: see text]-torus knots.
Movie moves for singular link cobordisms in 4-dimensional space
Authors: Caprau Carmen
Published: January 2016

Two singular links are cobordant if one can be obtained from the other by singular link isotopy together with a combination of births or deaths of simple unknotted curves, and saddle point transformations. A movie description of a singular link cobordism in 4-space is a sequence of singular link diagrams obtained from a projection of the cobordism into 3-space by taking 2-dimensional cross-sections perpendicular to a fixed direction. We present a set of movie moves that are sufficient to connect any two movies of isotopic singular link cobordisms.
ELECTRODEPOSITION ON SUPERALLOY SUBSTRATES: A REVIEW
Authors: ALLAHYARZADEH M. H. , ALIOFKHAZRAEI M. , ROUHAGHDAM A. SABOUR
Published: January 2016

The present paper reviews various types of coatings, including platinum, platinum alloys, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, nickel, nickel alloys and composite coatings, on superalloy substrates using electrodeposition method. Attempts were carried out to represent an overall view of plating conditions and electrolyte and highlight the importance of the layer regarding to the performance of high-temperature coatings applied on superalloys, which is extensively used on gas-turbine components.
DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF DIELECTRIC SUSCEPTIBILITY IN FERROELECTRIC THIN FILMS
Authors: CUI LIAN , CUI HAIYING , WU CHUNMEI , YANG GUIHUA , HE ZELONG , WANG YULING , CHE JIXIN
Published: January 2016

In this paper, frequency, temperature, film thickness, surface effects, and various parameters dependence of dielectric susceptibility is investigated theoretically for ferroelectric thin films by the modified Landau theory under an AC applied field. The dielectric susceptibility versus AC applied field shows butterfly-shaped behavior, and depends strongly on the frequency and amplitude of the field and temperature. Our study shows that the existence of the surface transition layer can depress the dielectric susceptibility of a ferroelectric thin film. These results are well consistent with the phenomena reported in experiments.
SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE/DIAMOND DOUBLE-LAYERED STRUCTURE FOR IMPROVING ELECTRON FIELD EMISSION PROPERTIES
Authors: QIAO YU , QI TING , LIU JIE , HE ZHIYONG , YU SHENGWANG , SHEN YANYAN , HEI HONGJUN
Published: January 2016

Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films on silicon were prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method using argon-rich CH4/H2/Ar plasmas. The graphene sheets synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were successfully transferred on to the UNCD surface to fabricate electron field emission (EFE) property-enhanced graphene/UNCD films. The surface morphology, structure and composition of the graphene/UNCD double-layered structures were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GXRD). GXRD clearly shows the characteristic diffraction peaks of both diamond and graphene. The Raman spectrum shows the characteristic band of diamond at 1332[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and D, G and 2D bands of graphene at 1360, 1550 and 2610[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], respectively. The EFE behavior of the composite films can be turned on at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/[Formula: see text]m, attaining a current density of 0.065[Formula: see text]mA/cm2at an applied field of 7.3[Formula: see text]V/[Formula: see text]m.
Equilibrium Prices and Flows in the Passenger Traffic Problem
Authors: Mazalov V. V. , Melnik A. V.
Published: January 2016

This paper considers a noncooperative transport game of [Formula: see text] players on a communication graph. Here players are passenger transportation companies (carriers). Service requests form a Poisson process with an intensity rate matrix [Formula: see text]. Players announce prices for their services and passengers choose an appropriate service by minimizing their individual costs (the ticket price and the expected service time). For each carrier, we solve the pricing problem and define the equilibrium intensity flows in the conditions of competition. A special emphasis is placed on polynomial latency functions.
Symmetric powers of symmetric bilinear forms, homogeneous orthogonal polynomials on the sphere and an application to compact Hyperkähler manifolds
Authors: Kapfer Simon
Published: January 2016

The Beauville–Fujiki relation for a compact Hyperkähler manifold [Formula: see text] of dimension [Formula: see text] allows to equip the symmetric power [Formula: see text] with a symmetric bilinear form induced by the Beauville–Bogomolov form. We study some of its properties and compare it to the form given by the Poincaré pairing. The construction generalizes to a definition for an induced symmetric bilinear form on the symmetric power of any free module equipped with a symmetric bilinear form. We point out how the situation is related to the theory of orthogonal polynomials in several variables. Finally, we construct a basis of homogeneous polynomials that are orthogonal when integrated over the unit sphere [Formula: see text], or equivalently, over [Formula: see text] with a Gaussian kernel.
On exponent matrices of tiled orders
Authors: Dokuchaev M. , Kirichenko V. , Plakhotnyk M.
Published: January 2016

We describe two methods to determine all generators of the additive semigroup of the non-negative exponent [Formula: see text]-matrices, and illustrate them finding all generating [Formula: see text]-exponent matrices. The generating [Formula: see text]-exponent matrices are found using a computer. We consider the Hasse diagram [Formula: see text] of the partially ordered set of non-negative matrices and prove that for an arbitrary non-negative exponent matrix [Formula: see text] there exists an oriented path in [Formula: see text] starting in some matrix unit and ending in [Formula: see text] which does not pass through any other exponent matrix. We also show that for any non-negative exponent matrix [Formula: see text] there exists a chain of non-negative exponent matrices [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-matrix, and each [Formula: see text] is obtained from [Formula: see text] by adding a [Formula: see text]-matrix.
TIME CENTRALITY IN DYNAMIC COMPLEX NETWORKS
Authors: COSTA EDUARDO C. , VIEIRA ALEX B. , WEHMUTH KLAUS , ZIVIANI ARTUR , DA SILVA ANA PAULA COUTO
Published: January 2016

There is an ever-increasing interest in investigating dynamics in time-varying graphs (TVGs). Nevertheless, so far, the notion of centrality in TVG scenarios usually refers to metrics that assess the relative importance of nodes along the temporal evolution of the dynamic complex network. For some TVG scenarios, however, more important than identifying the central nodes under a given node centrality definition is identifying the key time instants for taking certain actions. In this paper, we thus introduce and investigate the notion of time centrality in TVGs. Analogously to node centrality, time centrality evaluates the relative importance of time instants in dynamic complex networks. In this context, we present two time centrality metrics related to diffusion processes. We evaluate the two defined metrics using both a real-world dataset representing an in-person contact dynamic network and a synthetically generated randomized TVG. We validate the concept of time centrality showing that diffusion starting at the best ranked time instants (i.e., the most central ones), according to our metrics, can perform a faster and more efficient diffusion process.
Theoretical study on the unimolecular decomposition of 2-chlorinated ethyl hydroperoxide
Authors: Li Ya , Wang Na , Wang Chunzhang , Wang Xin , Zhang Jinglai , Wang Li
Published: January 2016

Chlorine-containing organic compounds have been of major interest since such compounds would serve as temporary reservoirs for HOX, ROX and ClOX radicals. Moreover, it would transport chlorine species to the atmosphere and stratosphere. However, limited studies have been performed on the 2-chlorinated ethyl hydroperoxide. In this work, the mechanism of unimolecular dissociation of 2-chlorinated ethyl hydroperoxide is theoretically studied. The equilibrium structures are optimized at the Boese–Martin for kinetics (BMK) level. And the energies are further refined at the Balanced multi-coefficient correlation-coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations (BMC-CCSD) level on the basis of the optimized geometries. Fifteen reaction channels are finally confirmed including the direct C–O, O–O, O–H, and C–C bond cleavage or the H2-, H2O-, H2O2-, and CH3Cl-elimination.
Ni-Mg Bimetallic Catalysts for Preparation of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes from Polypropylene: Influence of the Ratio of Ni/Mg
Authors: Shen Yinlong , Gong Weiguang , Zheng Baicun , Gao Lei
Published: January 2016

This study designs Ni–Mg bimetallic catalysts for preparation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) from polypropylene (PP). The study further investigates the influence of Mg content on the catalytic activity of Ni catalyst. It is found that bimetallic Ni–Mg catalysts have higher reduction temperature, smaller Ni particle size and improved stability. Consequently, the addition of Mg not only enhances the yield of MWCNTs, but simultaneously improves the morphology and graphitization of MWCNTs. The activities of the bimetallic Ni–Mg catalysts are dependent on their composition. Among the different Ni–Mg bimetallic catalysts ration, Ni–Mg catalyst shows the highest activity when the ratio of Ni/Mg is 9/1. Moreover, the obtained MWCNTs presents smooth surface with highest graphitization degree. With our bimetallic Ni–Al catalyst, it is promising to achieve mass production of MWCNTs by using waste polymers as feedstock.
Living Wires — Effects of Size and Coating of Gold Nanoparticles in Altering the Electrical Properties ofPhysarum polycephalumand Lettuce Seedlings
Authors: Gizzie Nina , Mayne Richard , Yitzchaik Shlomo , Ikbal Muhamad , Adamatzky Andrew
Published: January 2016

The manipulation of biological substrates is becoming more popular route toward generating novel computing devices. Physarum polycephalum is used as a model organism in biocomputing because it can create “wires” for use in hybrid circuits; programmable growth by manipulation through external stimuli and the ability withstanding a current and its tolerance to hybridization with a variety of nano/microparticles. Lettuce seedlings have also had previous interest invested in them for generating plant wires, although currently there is little information as to their suitability for such applications. In this study both P. polycephalum and Lettuce seedlings were hybridized with gold nanoparticles — functionalized and unfunctionalized — to explore their uptake, toxicological effects and, crucially, any alterations in electrical properties they bestow upon the organisms. Using various microscopy techniques it was shown that P. polycephalum and lettuce seedlings are able to internalize nanoparticles and assemble them in vivo, however some toxicological effects were observed. The electrical resistance of both lettuce seedlings and P. polycephalum was found to decrease, the most significant reduction being with lettuce seedlings whose resistance reduced from 3[Formula: see text]M[Formula: see text]s to 0.5[Formula: see text]M[Formula: see text]s. We conclude that gold is a suitable nanomaterial for biohybridization specifically in creating conductive pathways for more efficient biological wires in self-growing hybrid circuitry.
Episodic Memory and Beyond: The Hippocampus and Neocortex in Transformation
Authors: Moscovitch Morris , Cabeza Roberto , Winocur Gordon , Nadel Lynn
Published: January 2016

The last decade has seen dramatic technological and conceptual changes in research on episodic memory and the brain. New technologies, and increased use of more naturalistic observations, have enabled investigators to delve deeply into the structures that mediate episodic memory, particularly the hippocampus, and to track functional and structural interactions among brain regions that support it. Conceptually, episodic memory is increasingly being viewed as subject to lifelong transformations that are reflected in the neural substrates that mediate it. In keeping with this dynamic perspective, research on episodic memory (and the hippocampus) has infiltrated domains, from perception to language and from empathy to problem solving, that were once considered outside its boundaries. Using the component process model as a framework, and focusing on the hippocampus, its subfields, and specialization along its longitudinal axis, along with its interaction with other brain regions, we consider these new developments and their implications for the organization of episodic memory and its contribution to functions in other domains.
Diagnostic Yield of Echocardiography in Syncope Patients with Normal ECG
Authors: Chang Nai-Lun , Shah Priyank , Bajaj Sharad , Virk Hartaj , Bikkina Mahesh , Shamoon Fayez
Published: January 2016

Aim. This study aimed to assess the role of echocardiography as a diagnostic tool in evaluating syncope patients with normal versus abnormal electrocardiogram.Methods. We conducted a retrospective study of 468 patients who were admitted with syncope in 2011 at St. Joseph’s Regional Medical Center, Paterson, NJ. Hospital records and patient charts, including initial emergency room history and physical, were carefully reviewed. Patients were separated into normal versus abnormal electrocardiogram groups and then further divided as normal versus abnormal echocardiogram groups. Causes of syncope were extrapolated after reviewing all test results and records of consultations.Results. Three hundred twelve of the total patients (68.6%) had normal ECG. Two-thirds of those patients had echocardiograms; 11 patients (5.7%) had abnormal echo results. Of the aforementioned patients, three patients had previous documented history of severe aortic stenosis on prior echocardiograms. The remaining eight had abnormal but nondiagnostic echocardiographic findings. Echocardiography was done in 93 of 147 patients with abnormal ECG (63.2%). Echo was abnormal in 27 patients (29%), and the findings were diagnostic in 6.5% patients.Conclusions. This study demonstrates that echocardiogram was not helpful in establishing a diagnosis of syncope in patients with normal ECG and normal physical examination.
Skin Protection Behaviors among Young Male Latino Day Laborers: An Exploratory Study Using a Social Cognitive Approach
Authors: Boyas Javier F. , Nahar Vinayak K. , Brodell Robert T.
Published: January 2016

Latino Day Laborers (LDLs) are employed in occupations where multiple work hazards exist. One such hazard is the overexposure to solar ultraviolet radiation for continuous periods of time. Regular sun exposure can put individuals at increased risk of developing skin cancers, especially without adequate protection. The purpose of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to use a social cognitive framework to assess skin protective behaviors among LDLs. A community-based nonrandom and purposive sample of LDLs was recruited in two states: Mississippi and Illinois. The study sample consisted of 137 male participants, of which the majority were of Mexican ancestry (72%). The average age was 35.40 (SD=9.89) years. Results demonstrated that a substantial number of LDLs do not adequately practice sun protection behaviors on a regular basis. The skin cancer knowledge scores were very modest. The most frequently indicated barriers towards sun protection were “inconvenient,” “forget to use,” and “not being able to reapply sunscreen.” Overall, LDLs had moderate confidence in their abilities to adopt successful sun protection strategies. This study underscores the need for intervention programs aimed at LDLs to reduce extended time in the sun and increase use of sun protective measures when working outdoors.
Redox-Responsive Nanophotosensitizer Composed of Chlorin e6-Conjugated Dextran for Photodynamic Treatment of Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Chu Chong Woo , Ryu Je Ho , Jeong Young-IL , Kwak Tae Won , Lee Hye Lim , Kim Hyun Yul , Son Gyung Mo , Kim Hyung Wook , Kang Dae Hwan
Published: January 2016

We synthesized dextran-chlorin e6 conjugates having disulfide linkage for specific targeting of colonic region and cancer cells. Reductive end group of dextran was treated with sodium borocyanohydride and conjugated with cystamine. Cystamine end group was conjugated with carboxylic acid of chlorin e6 (DEX6ss). DEX6ss conjugates were formed as spherical nanoparticles with small sizes less than 100 nm. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) was specifically released from DEX6ss nanoparticles in the presence of dextranase or glutathione (GSH), indicating that DEX6ss nanoparticles have responsiveness against dextranase and redox-environment. In dark-toxicity test using normal cells and cancer cells, Ce6 and DEX6ss nanoparticles were practically nontoxic. Intracellular delivery of DEX6ss nanoparticles was significantly improved compared to Ce6 itself. DEX6ss nanoparticles achieved significantly higher ROS production and phototoxicity against HCT116 colon cancer cells than Ce6 itself. Furthermore, DEX6ss nanoparticles showed enhanced tumor targeting efficiency and longer retention in the tumor tissues atin vivoanimal study with HCT116 tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, DEX6ss nanoparticles have responsiveness against colonic enzyme, dextranase, indicating that they have potential of colon-specific delivery and dextranase-specific drug delivery capacity. We fabricated colon-specific and tumor-targetable nanophotosensitizer using DEX6ss conjugates. They showed improved cellular uptake ratio, phototoxicity, and colon-specificity. We suggest that DEX6ss nanoparticles can be considered as a promising candidate for PDT of colon cancer.
Bearing Capacity Estimation of Bridge Piles Using the Impulse Transient Response Method
Authors: Ma Meng , Liu Jianlei , Ke Zaitian , Gao Yan
Published: January 2016

A bearing capacity estimation method for bridge piles was developed. In this method, the pulse echo test was used to select the intact piles; the dynamic stiffness was obtained by the impulse transient response test. A total of 680 bridge piles were tested, and their capacities were estimated. Finally, core drilling analysis was used to check the reliability of this method. The results show that, for intact piles, an obvious positive correlation exits between the dynamic stiffness and bearing capacity of the piles. The core drilling analysis proved that the estimation method was reliable.
Immune Checkpoint Modulators: An Emerging Antiglioma Armamentarium
Authors: Kim Eileen S. , Kim Jennifer E. , Patel Mira A. , Mangraviti Antonella , Ruzevick Jacob , Lim Michael
Published: January 2016

Immune checkpoints have come to the forefront of cancer therapies as a powerful and promising strategy to stimulate antitumor T cell activity. Results from recent preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate how checkpoint inhibition can be utilized to prevent tumor immune evasion and both local and systemic immune suppression. This review encompasses the key immune checkpoints that have been found to play a role in tumorigenesis and, more specifically, gliomagenesis. The review will provide an overview of the existing preclinical and clinical data, antitumor efficacy, and clinical applications for each checkpoint with respect to GBM, as well as a summary of combination therapies with chemotherapy and radiation.
Adsorption of Saliva Related Protein on Denture Materials: An X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study
Authors: Miyake Akiko , Komasa Satoshi , Hashimoto Yoshiya , Komasa Yutaka , Okazaki Joji
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in the adsorption behavior of different types of bovine salivary proteins on the PMMA and Ti QCM sensors are fabricated by spin-coating and sputtering onto bare QCM sensors by using QCM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SPM, XPS, and contact angle investigations were carried out to determine the chemical composition and surface wettability of the QCM surface. We discuss the quality of each sensor and evaluate the potential of the high-frequency QCM sensors by investigating the binding between the QCM sensor and the proteins albumin and mucin (a salivary-related protein). The SPM image showed a relatively homogeneous surface with nano-order roughness. The XPS survey spectra of the thin films coated on the sensors were similar to the binding energy of the characteristic spectra of PMMA and Ti. Additionally, the amount of salivary-related protein on the PMMA QCM sensor was higher than those on the Ti and Au QCM sensors. The difference of protein adsorption is proposed to be related to the wettability of each material. The PMMA and Ti QCM sensors are useful tools to study the adsorption and desorption of albumin and mucin on denture surfaces.
An Efficient Stock Recommendation Model Based on Big Order Net Inflow
Authors: Yujun Yang , Jianping Li , Yimei Yang
Published: January 2016

In general, the stock trend is mainly driven by the big order transactions. Believing that the stock rise with a large volume is closely associated with the big order net inflow, we propose an efficient stock recommendation model based on big order net inflow in the paper. In order to compute the big order net inflow of stock, we use the M/G/1 queue system to measure all tick-by-tick transaction data. Based on an indicator of the big order net inflow of stock, we select some stocks with the higher value of the net inflow to constitute the prerecommended stock set for the target investor user. In order to recommend some stocks with which this style is familiar them to the target users, we divide lots of investors into several categories using fuzzy clustering method and we should do our best to choose stocks from the stock set once operated by those investors who are in the same category with the target user. The experiment results show that the recommended stocks have better gains during the several days after the recommended stock day and the proposed model can provide reliable investment guidance for the target investors and let them get more stock returns.
An Optimal Routing Algorithm in Service Customized 5G Networks
Authors: Yao Haipeng , Fang Chao , Guo Yiru , Zhao Chenglin
Published: January 2016

With the widespread use of Internet, the scale of mobile data traffic grows explosively, which makes 5G networks in cellular networks become a growing concern. Recently, the ideas related to future network, for example, Software Defined Networking (SDN), Content-Centric Networking (CCN), and Big Data, have drawn more and more attention. In this paper, we propose a service-customized 5G network architecture by introducing the ideas of separation between control plane and data plane, in-network caching, and Big Data processing and analysis to resolve the problems traditional cellular radio networks face. Moreover, we design an optimal routing algorithm for this architecture, which can minimize average response hops in the network. Simulation results reveal that, by introducing the cache, the network performance can be obviously improved in different network conditions compared to the scenario without a cache. In addition, we explore the change of cache hit rate and average response hops under different cache replacement policies, cache sizes, content popularity, and network topologies, respectively.
The Effects of Noncompliance to Prolia (Denosumab) on the Changes in Bone Mineral Density: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Wong-Pack Matthew , Kalani Aashish , Hordyk Jacob , Ioannidis George , Bensen Robert , Bensen William G. , Papaioannou Alexandra , Adachi Jonathan D. , Lau Arthur N.
Published: January 2016

Although denosumab (Prolia) has been shown to be a safe and efficacious therapy for osteoporotic patients in numerous clinical trials, few studies have determined its effectiveness in real world clinical practice. A retrospective review of patients prescribed Prolia assessing the impact that noncompliance from the regular dosing regimen of six months for denosumab has on bone mineral density (BMD) was performed. 924 patient records were reviewed between August 2012 and September 2013 with 436 patients meeting the eligibility criteria. Patients were divided into three groups: subsequent injection of denosumab (1) less than five months, (2) between five and seven months, and (3) more than seven months after their initial subcutaneous injection. A multivariable regression analysis was conducted comparing the differences among the three prespecified groups in BMD change (g/cm2) after one year of denosumab therapy at both the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). The differences in LS and FN BMD have shown that the relationship between the timing of drug administration in these three groups and change in BMD over 1 year was not clinically or statistically significant (p>0.05). A follow-up study with a larger sample size and longer follow-up duration is required to further characterize this relationship.
Hypoxia Inducible Factor‐1α Regulates the Migration of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Integrin α4
Authors: Choi Jong Ho , Lee Yun Bin , Jung Jieun , Hwang Seong Gyu , Oh IL-Hoan , Kim Gi Jin
Published: January 2016

Although hypoxic environments have been known to regulate the migratory ability of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs), which is a critical factor for maximizing the therapeutic effect, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to confirm the effect of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) on the migration of BM‐MSCs and to analyze the interaction between HIF‐1α and integrin‐mediated signals. Hypoxia‐activated HIF‐1α significantly increased BM‐MSC migration. The expression of integrin α4 was decreased in BM‐MSCs by increased HIF‐1α under hypoxia, whereas the expression of Rho‐associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) and Rac1/2/3 was increased. After downregulation of HIF‐1α by YC‐1, which is an inhibitor of HIF‐1α, BM‐MSC migration was decreased via upregulation of integrin α4 and downregulation of ROCK1 and Rac1/2/3. Knockdown of integrin α4 by integrin α4 siRNA (siITGA4) treatment increased BM‐MSC migration by upregulation of ROCK1, Rac1/2/3, and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 regardless of oxygen tension. Moreover, siITGA4 treatment increased HIF‐1α expression and augmented the translocation of HIF‐1α into the nucleus under hypoxia. Taken together, the alternative expression of HIF‐1α induced by microenvironment factors, such as hypoxia and integrin α4, may regulate the migration of BM‐MSCs. These findings may provide insights to the underlying mechanisms of BM‐MSC migration for successful stem cell‐based therapy.
Unbalanced Threshold Based Distributed Data Collection Scheme in Multisink Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Li Guorui , Wang Ying , Wang Cong , Liu Yiying
Published: January 2016

In multisink wireless sensor networks, synchronized data collection among multiple sinks is a significant and challenging task. In this paper, we propose an unbalanced threshold based distributed data collection scheme to reconstruct the synchronized sensed data of the whole sensor network in all sinks. The proposed scheme includes the unbalanced threshold based distributed top-[Formula: see text] query algorithm and the distributed iterative hard thresholding algorithm. By computing unbalanced thresholds and pruning unnecessary element exchanging, each sink can synchronize the top-[Formula: see text] aggregated values efficiently via the unbalanced threshold based distributed top-[Formula: see text] query algorithm. After that, the synchronized sensed data of the whole sensor network can be reconstructed through the distributed iterative hard thresholding algorithm in a distributed and cooperative manner. We show through experiments that the proposed scheme can reduce the interaction times and decrease the number of transmitted data and that of computed data compared to the existing schemes while maintaining the similar data reconstruction accuracy. The communication and computational performances of the proposed scheme are also analyzed in detail in the paper.
Adjusting of Wind Input Source Term in WAVEWATCH III Model for the Middle-Sized Water Body on the Basis of the Field Experiment
Authors: Kuznetsova Alexandra , Baydakov Georgy , Papko Vladislav , Kandaurov Alexander , Vdovin Maxim , Sergeev Daniil , Troitskaya Yuliya
Published: January 2016

Adjusting of wind input source term in numerical model WAVEWATCH III for the middle-sized water body is reported. For this purpose, the field experiment on Gorky Reservoir is carried out. Surface waves are measured along with the parameters of the airflow. The measurement of wind speed in close proximity to the water surface is performed. On the basis of the experimental results, the parameterization of the drag coefficient depending on the 10 m wind speed is proposed. This parameterization is used in WAVEWATCH III for the adjusting of the wind input source term within WAM 3 and Tolman and Chalikov parameterizations. The simulation of the surface wind waves within tuned to the conditions of the middle-sized water body WAVEWATCH III is performed using three built-in parameterizations (WAM 3, Tolman and Chalikov, and WAM 4) and adjusted wind input source term parameterizations. Verification of the applicability of the model to the middle-sized reservoir is performed by comparing the simulated data with the results of the field experiment. It is shown that the use of the proposed parameterizationCD(U10)improves the agreement in the significant wave heightHSfrom the field experiment and from the numerical simulation.
Disease Combinations Associated with Physical Activity Identified: The SMILE Cohort Study
Authors: Dörenkamp Sarah , Mesters Ilse , Schepers Jan , Vos Rein , van den Akker Marjan , Teijink Joep , de Bie Rob
Published: January 2016

In the search of predictors of inadequate physical activity, an investigation was conducted into the association between multimorbidity and physical activity (PA). So far the sum of diseases used as a measure of multimorbidity reveals an inverse association. How specific combinations of chronic diseases are associated with PA remains unclear. The objective of this study is to identify clusters of multimorbidity that are associated with PA. Cross-sectional data of 3,386 patients from the 2003 wave of the Dutch cohort study SMILE were used. Ward’s agglomerative hierarchical clustering was executed to establish multimorbidity clusters. Chi-square statistics were used to assess the association between clusters of chronic diseases and PA, measured in compliance with the Dutch PA guideline. The highest rate of PA guideline compliance was found in patients the majority of whom suffer from liver disease, back problems, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory joint disease (62.4%). The lowest rate of PA guideline compliance was reported in patients with heart disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus (55.8%). Within the group of people with multimorbidity, those suffering from heart disease, respiratory disease, and/or diabetes mellitus may constitute a priority population as PA has proven to be effective in the prevention and cure of all three disorders.
A Sucrose-Enriched Diet Promotes Tumorigenesis in Mammary Gland in Part through the 12-Lipoxygenase Pathway
Authors: Jiang Yan , Pan Yong , Rhea Patrea R. , Tan Lin , Gagea Mihai , Cohen Lorenzo , Fischer Susan M. , Yang Peiying
Published: January 2016

Epidemiologic studies have shown that dietary sugar intake has a significant impact on the development of breast cancer. One proposed mechanism for how sugar impacts cancer development involves inflammation. In the current study, we investigated the impact of dietary sugar on mammary gland tumor development in multiple mouse models, along with mechanisms that may be involved. We found that sucrose intake in mice comparable with levels of Western diets led to increased tumor growth and metastasis, when compared with a nonsugar starch diet. This effect was ascribed in part to increased expression of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) and its arachidonate metabolite 12-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). We determined that fructose derived from the sucrose was responsible for facilitating lung metastasis and 12-HETE production in breast tumors. Overall, our data suggested that dietary sugar induces 12-LOX signaling to increase risks of breast cancer development and metastasis. Cancer Res; 76(1); 24–29. ©2016 AACR.
Multikinase Inhibitors Induce Cutaneous Toxicity through OAT6-Mediated Uptake and MAP3K7-Driven Cell Death
Authors: Zimmerman Eric I. , Gibson Alice A. , Hu Shuiying , Vasilyeva Aksana , Orwick Shelley J. , Du Guoqing , Mascara Gerard P. , Ong Su Sien , Chen Taosheng , Vogel Peter , Inaba Hiroto , Maitland Michael L. , Sparreboom Alex , Baker Sharyn D.
Published: January 2016

The use of multikinase inhibitors (MKI) in oncology, such as sorafenib, is associated with a cutaneous adverse event called hand–foot skin reaction (HFSR), in which sites of pressure or friction become inflamed and painful, thus significantly impacting quality of life. The pathogenesis of MKI-induced HFSR is unknown, and the only available treatment options involve dose reduction or discontinuation of therapy, which have negative effects on primary disease management. To investigate the underlying mechanisms by which sorafenib promotes keratinocyte cytotoxicity and subsequent HFSR induction, we performed a transporter-directed RNAi screen in human epidermal keratinocytes and identified SLC22A20 (OAT6) as an uptake carrier of sorafenib. Further investigations into the intracellular mechanism of sorafenib activity through in situ kinome profiling identified the mitogen-activated protein kinase MAP3K7 (TAK1) as a target of sorafenib that induces cell death. Finally, we demonstrate that sorafenib induced keratinocyte injury in vivo and that this effect could be reversed by cotreatment with the OAT6 inhibitor probenecid. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel pathway that regulates the entry of some MKIs into keratinocytes and explains the basis underlying sorafenib-induced skin toxicity, with important implications for the therapeutic management of HFSR. Cancer Res; 76(1); 117–26. ©2015 AACR.
Association of Two Polymorphisms, rs1061170 and rs1410996, in Complement Factor H with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in an Asian Population: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Mingxing , Guo Yunan , Ma Yanran , Zheng Zheng , Wang Qian , Zhou Xiyuan
Published: January 2016

Background: With the increasing number of studies indicating that two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs1061170 and rs1410996, in complement factor H (CFH) might be associated with the susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the exact association still remains uncertain. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically summarize and clarify the association between the two SNPs and the AMD risk particularly in an Asian population. Methods: A systematic search of studies on the association of two SNPs with the susceptibility to AMD was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of allele contrast and genotype contrast were estimated using the random or fixed effects model. The Q statistic test was used to identify heterogeneity, and the funnel plot was adopted to evaluate publication bias. A total of 19 case-control studies on rs1061170 and 8 studies on rs1410996 were included. Results: Clearly a significantly increased trend of AMD was observed with the rs1061170 (T vs. C: OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.71-2.13, pH = 0.029; TC vs. CC: OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.30-3.42, pH = 0.792; TT vs. CC: OR = 3.90, 95% CI = 2.45-6.22, pH = 0.774). Similarly, the rs1410996 polymorphism also showed a rising AMD tendency (T vs. C: OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.17-1.87, pH < 0.001; TC vs. CC: OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.13-2.04, pH = 0.002; TT vs. CC: OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.27-3.49, pH < 0.001). What is more, subgroup analysis revealed that both polymorphisms indicated a high risk of nAMD (neovascular AMD) in Asian populations. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that CFH rs1061170 and rs1410996 polymorphisms were associated with AMD risk, both of which demonstrated a higher susceptibility to AMD, especially to nAMD. However, the results of rs1410996 should be interpreted with caution due to the limited sample and heterogeneity. Large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to validate our findings.
Gender Assignment, Reassignment and Outcome in Disorders of Sex Development: Update of the 2005 Consensus Conference
Authors: Meyer-Bahlburg Heino F.L. , Baratz Dalke Katharine , Berenbaum Sheri A. , Cohen-Kettenis Peggy T. , Hines Melissa , Schober Justine Marut
Published: January 2016

Background: Societal changes are increasingly moving the conceptualization of gender from a set of binary categories towards a bimodal continuum, which along with the cautious conclusions resulting from the 2005 Consensus Conference influences gender-related clinical work with patients with disorders of sex development. Objective: This article provides an update of these developments over the past decade along with an overview of pertinent new data. Conclusion: Considerably more research is needed on larger sample sizes with systematic long-term follow-up to ground the emerging trends in clinical management of the highly diverse disorders of sex development syndromes in a solid empirical basis.
The School of Arts and Trades in Santiago (EAO), 1849–1977
Authors: Castillo Eduardo
Published: January 2016

The School of Arts and Trades (Escuela de Artes y Oficios, EAO) in Santiago is one of the earliest examples of how enlightenment-based ideas of education, developed during the industrial revolution, reached Latin American states at the dawn of their independence. The School was founded in 1849 at the behest of President Manuel Bulnes to promote the development of the “mechanical arts” among the “sons of honest and industrious artisans”, with the intention of training a workforce for a fledgling domestic industry through the teaching of four trades: carpentry, blacksmithing, foundry and mechanics. From the beginning until well into the twentieth century, a polytechnical approach was repeatedly considered and rejected in favour of a solid industrial formation rather than specialization in a particular trade. This discussion began early on and continued throughout the life of the EAO, with various specialtes added over time to the basic structure of the school; the initial four workshops, however, were a constant presence throughout.
Synthesizing the Effect of Building Condition Quality on Academic Performance
Authors: Gunter Tracey , Shao Jing
Published: January 2016

Since the late 1970s, researchers have examined the relationship between school building condition and student performance. Though many literature reviews have claimed that a relationship exists, no meta-analysis has quantitatively examined this literature. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the existing literature on the relationship between building condition and student performance. Means for the semi-partial ([Formula: see text] = 0.10) and bivariate ([Formula: see text] = 0.12) correlations were relatively small but significantly different, supporting the claim that school building condition is related to student performance. Furthermore, results revealed that the magnitude of the correlation varied as a function of a number of moderator variables. For instance, the building condition feature measured, instrument type, subject area measured, and grade level affect the association between school building condition and student performance. Our findings offer useful information for educational leaders, policy makers, and researchers.