bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women
Authors: Coswig Victor Silveira , Barbalho Matheus , Raiol Rodolfo , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Gentil Paulo
Published: February 2020

Background

The present study compared the effects of training and detraining periods of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on functional performance, body composition, resting blood pressure and heart rate in elderly women nursing home residents.

Methods

Forty-six volunteers (age, 80.8 ± 5.2 y; body mass, 69.8 ± 5.2 kg, height, 164.2 ± 4.12 cm) were divided into groups that performed treadmill exercise twice-weekly HIIT (4 bouts of 4-min intervals at 85–95% of the maximal heart rate [HRmax], interspersed by 4 min at 65% HRmax), MIIT (4 bouts of 4 min intervals at 55–75% HRmax, interspersed by 4 min at 45–50% HRmax) and MICT (30-min at 55–75% HRmax). Tests were performed before and after 8 weeks of training and 2 and 4 weeks of detraining. ANCOVA was used to analyze dependent variable changes.

Results

After 8 weeks HIIT promoted greater reductions in body mass (HIIT = − 1.6 ± 0.1 kg; MICT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; MIIT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; p = 0.001), fat mass (HIIT = − 2.2 ± 0.1%; MICT = − 0.7 ± 0.1%; MIIT = − 1.2 ± 0.1%; p < 0.001) and resting heart rate (HIIT = − 7.3 ± 0.3%; MICT = − 3.6 ± 0.3%; MIIT = − 5.1 ± 0.3%; p < 0.001) and greater improvement in the chair stand test (HIIT = 3.4 ± 0.1 reps; MICT = 2.5 ± 0.1 reps; MIIT = 3.1 ± 0.1 reps; p < 0.001) when compared to MIIT and MICT. These improvements were sustained after 2 and 4 weeks of detraining only in the HIIT group.

Conclusion

HIIT promoted greater benefits for body composition and functional performance than MICT and MIIT and also showed less pronounced effects of detraining. This suggests that the intensity of physical exercise is an important factor to consider when prescribing exercise to the elderly.
Treatment of patients with hereditary angioedema with the c.988A>G (p.Lys330Glu) variant in the plasminogen gene
Authors: Bork Konrad , Wulff Karin , Witzke Guenther , Machnig Thomas , Hardt Jochen
Published: February 2020

Background

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) in patients with normal C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) and the c.988A > G (p.Lys330Glu; p.K330E) variant in the plasminogen gene (HAE-PLG) is associated with skin swellings, abdominal pain attacks, and the risk of asphyxiation due to upper airway obstruction. Aim of this observational, retrospective study is to report about the efficacy of various treatments for acute attacks and long-term prophylaxis.

Results

The study included 111 patients with HAE-PLG. Thirteen patients were treated with icatibant for 201 acute swelling attacks. The mean duration of the treated attacks (mean 4.3 h; standard deviation [SD] 2.6 h) was significantly shorter than that of the previous 149 untreated attacks (mean 44.7 h; SD 28.6 h, p < 0.0001). Twelve patients were treated with plasma-derived C1-INH for 74 acute swelling attacks. The duration of the treated attacks (mean 31.5 h; SD 18.6 h) was significantly shorter than that of the previous 129 untreated in the same patients (mean 48.2 h; SD 32.5 h, p < 0.0001). Corticosteroids alone showed good response in 61/268 attacks (8 patients), low response in 82/268 attacks (7 patients), and no response in 125/268 attacks (26 patients). Corticosteroids combined with antihistamines showed good response in 13/309 attacks (4 patients), low response in 150/309 attacks (7 patients), and no response in 146/309 attacks (17 patients). Antihistamines alone were ineffective in all 37 attacks of 5 patients. In 2 patients with imminent asphyxiation due to tongue swelling and partial obstruction of the upper airways fresh frozen plasma was used without clinical response. The mean reduction in attack frequency was 46.3% under progestins (6 patients), 93.9% under tranexamic acid (3 patients) and 83.3% under danazol (3 patients).

Conclusions

For patients with HAE-PLG various treatment options are available, which completely or at least partially reduce attack duration or attack frequency.
YAP1 plays a key role of the conversion of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts that contribute to prostate cancer progression
Authors: Shen Tianyu , Li Yang , Zhu Shimiao , Yu Jianpeng , Zhang Boya , Chen Xuanrong , Zhang Zheng , Ma Yuan , Niu Yuanjie , Shang Zhiqun
Published: February 2020

Background

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important part of the tumour microenvironment, and their functions are of great concern. This series of experiments aimed to explore how Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) regulates the function of stromal cells and how the normal fibroblasts (NFs) convert into CAFs in prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods

The effects of conditioned media from different fibroblasts on the proliferation and invasion of epithelial cells TrampC1 were examined. We then analysed the interaction between the YAP1/TEAD1 protein complex and SRC, as well as the regulatory function of the downstream cytoskeletal proteins and actins. A transplanted tumour model was used to explore the function of YAP1 in regulating tumour growth through stromal cells. The relationship between the expression of YAP1 in tumour stromal cells and the clinical characteristics of PCa patients was analysed.

Results

The expression level of YAP1 was significantly upregulated in PCa stromal cells. After the expression level of YAP1 was increased, NF was transformed into CAF, enhancing the proliferation and invasion ability of epithelial cells. The YAP1/TEAD1 protein complex had the capability to influence downstream cytoskeletal proteins by regulating SRC transcription; therefore, it converts NF to CAF, and CAF can significantly promote tumour growth and metastasis. The high expression of YAP1 in the tumour stromal cells suggested a poor tumour stage and prognosis in PCa patients.

Conclusion

YAP1 can convert NFs into CAFs in the tumour microenvironment of PCa, thus promoting the development and metastasis of PCa. Silencing YAP1 in tumour stromal cells can effectively inhibit tumour growth.
Validation of neuromuscular blocking agent use in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Chang Wei , Sun Qin , Peng Fei , Xie Jianfeng , Qiu Haibo , Yang Yi
Published: February 2020

Background

We aimed to synthesize up-to-date trials to validate the effects of neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) use in patients with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods

Several databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register were searched up to November 14, 2019. All randomized trials investigating the use of NMBAs in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS and reporting mortality data were included in the meta-analysis. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes were clinical outcomes, including respiratory physiological parameters, incidence of barotrauma, ICU-free days, and ventilation-free days.

Results

A total of 7 trials enrolling 1598 patients were finally included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that the use of NMBAs in moderate-to-severe ARDS could significantly decrease the mortality truncated to day 28 (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.98, P = 0.03) and day 90 (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.99, P = 0.04). NMBA use could significantly decrease the incidence of barotrauma (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87, P = 0.009). No significant difference was observed in ICU-free days or ventilation-free days between the NMBA and control groups.

Conclusion

The use of NMBAs could significantly decrease mortality in moderate-to-severe ARDS patients and decrease the incidence of barotrauma during mechanical ventilation. However, more large-scale randomized trials are needed to further validate the effect of NMBA use in ARDS.
The complete mitochondrial genome of a parasite at the animal-fungal boundary
Authors: Sana Salma , Hardouin Emilie A. , Paley Richard , Zhang Tiantian , Andreou Demetra
Published: February 2020

Background

Sphaerothecum destruens is an obligate intracellular fish parasite which has been identified as a serious threat to freshwater fishes. Taxonomically, S. destruens belongs to the order Dermocystida within the class Ichthyosporea (formerly referred to as Mesomycetozoea), which sits at the animal-fungal boundary. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences can be valuable genetic markers for species detection and are increasingly used in environmental DNA (eDNA) based species detection. Furthermore, mtDNA sequences can be used in epidemiological studies by informing detection, strain identification and geographical spread.

Methods

We amplified the entire mitochondrial (mt) genome of S. destruens in two overlapping long fragments using primers designed based on the cox1, cob and nad5 partial sequences. The mt-genome architecture of S. destruens was then compared to close relatives to gain insights into its evolution.

Results

The complete mt-genome of Sphaerothecum destruens is 23,939 bp in length and consists of 47 genes including 21 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA, 22 tRNA and two unidentified open reading frames. The mitochondrial genome of S. destruens is intronless and compact with a few intergenic regions and includes genes that are often missing from animal and fungal mt-genomes, such as, the four ribosomal proteins (small subunit rps13 and 14; large subunit rpl2 and 16), tatC (twin-arginine translocase component C), and ccmC and ccmF (cytochrome c maturation protein ccmC and heme lyase).

Conclusions

We present the first mt-genome of S. destruens which also represents the first mt-genome for the order Dermocystida. The availability of the mt-genome can assist the detection of S. destruens and closely related parasites in eukaryotic diversity surveys using eDNA and assist epidemiological studies by improving molecular detection and tracking the parasite’s spread. Furthermore, as the only representative of the order Dermocystida, its mt-genome can be used in the study of mitochondrial evolution of the unicellular relatives of animals.
Blood-meal analysis of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) reveals a broad host range and new species records for Romania
Authors: Tomazatos Alexandru , Jöst Hanna , Schulze Jonny , Spînu Marina , Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas , Cadar Daniel , Lühken Renke
Published: February 2020

Background

Culicoides biting midges are potential vectors of different pathogens. However, especially for eastern Europe, there is a lack of knowledge on the host-feeding patterns of this vector group. Therefore, this study aimed to identify Culicoides spp. and their vertebrate hosts collected in a wetland ecosystem.

Methods

Culicoides spp. were collected weekly from May to August 2017, using Biogents traps with UV light at four sites in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania. Vectors and hosts were identified with a DNA barcoding approach. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 was used to identify Culicoides spp., while vertebrate hosts were determined targeting cytochrome b or 16S rRNA gene fragments. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed to verify the biting midge identity against other conspecific Palaearctic Culicoides species. A set of unfed midges was used for morphological confirmation of species identification using slide-mounted wings.

Results

Barcoding allowed the species identification and detection of corresponding hosts for 1040 (82.3%) of the 1264 analysed specimens. Eight Culicoides spp. were identified with Culicoides griseidorsum, Culicoides puncticollis and Culicoides submaritimus as new species records for Romania. For 39 specimens no similar sequences were found in GenBank. This group of unknown Culicoides showed a divergence of 15.6–16.3% from the closest identified species and clustered in a monophyletic clade, i.e. a novel species or a species without reference sequences in molecular libraries. For all Culicoides spp., nine mammalian and 24 avian species were detected as hosts. With the exception of C. riethi (n = 12), at least one avian host was detected for all Culicoides spp., but this host group only dominated for Culicoides kibunensis and the unknown Culicoides sp.. The most common host group were mammals (n = 993, 87.6% of all identified blood sources) dominated by cattle (n = 817, 70.6%).

Conclusions

Most Culicoides spp. showed a broad host-feeding pattern making them potential bridge vectors. At the same time, new records of biting midge species for Romania, as well as a potentially unknown Culicoides species, highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the biting midge species and their genetic diversity in eastern Europe.
The pan-cancer landscape of prognostic germline variants in 10,582 patients
Authors: Chatrath Ajay , Przanowska Roza , Kiran Shashi , Su Zhangli , Saha Shekhar , Wilson Briana , Tsunematsu Takaaki , Ahn Ji-Hye , Lee Kyung Yong , Paulsen Teressa , Sobierajska Ewelina , Kiran Manjari , Tang Xiwei , Li Tianxi , Kumar Pankaj , Ratan Aakrosh , Dutta Anindya
Published: February 2020

Background

While clinical factors such as age, grade, stage, and histological subtype provide physicians with information about patient prognosis, genomic data can further improve these predictions. Previous studies have shown that germline variants in known cancer driver genes are predictive of patient outcome, but no study has systematically analyzed multiple cancers in an unbiased way to identify genetic loci that can improve patient outcome predictions made using clinical factors.

Methods

We analyzed sequencing data from the over 10,000 cancer patients available through The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify germline variants associated with patient outcome using multivariate Cox regression models.

Results

We identified 79 prognostic germline variants in individual cancers and 112 prognostic germline variants in groups of cancers. The germline variants identified in individual cancers provide additional predictive power about patient outcomes beyond clinical information currently in use and may therefore augment clinical decisions based on expected tumor aggressiveness. Molecularly, at least 12 of the germline variants are likely associated with patient outcome through perturbation of protein structure and at least five through association with gene expression differences. Almost half of these germline variants are in previously reported tumor suppressors, oncogenes or cancer driver genes with the other half pointing to genomic loci that should be further investigated for their roles in cancers.

Conclusions

Germline variants are predictive of outcome in cancer patients and specific germline variants can improve patient outcome predictions beyond predictions made using clinical factors alone. The germline variants also implicate new means by which known oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and driver genes are perturbed in cancer and suggest roles in cancer for other genes that have not been extensively studied in oncology. Further studies in other cancer cohorts are necessary to confirm that germline variation is associated with outcome in cancer patients as this is a proof-of-principle study.
Platelet mitochondrial DNA methylation predicts future cardiovascular outcome in adults with overweight and obesity
Authors: Corsi Sarah , Iodice Simona , Vigna Luisella , Cayir Akin , Mathers John C. , Bollati Valentina , Byun Hyang-Min
Published: February 2020

Background

The association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is proven, but why some adults with obesity develop CVD while others remain disease-free is poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation in platelets is altered prior to CVD development in a population of adults with overweight and obesity.

Methods

We devised a nested case-control study of 200 adults with overweight or obesity who were CVD-free at baseline, of whom 84 developed CVD within 5 years, while 116 remained CVD-free. Platelet mtDNA was isolated from plasma samples at baseline, and mtDNA methylation was quantified in mitochondrially encoded cytochrome-C-oxidase I (MT-CO1; nt6797 and nt6807), II (MT-CO2; nt8113 and nt8117), and III (MT-CO3; nt9444 and nt9449); tRNA leucine 1 (MT-TL1; nt3247 and nt3254); D-loop (nt16383); tRNA phenylalanine (MT-TF; nt624); and light-strand-origin-of-replication (MT-OLR; nt5737, nt5740, and nt5743) by bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Logistic regression was used to estimate the contribution of mtDNA methylation to future CVD risk. ROC curve analysis was used to identify the optimal mtDNA methylation threshold for future CVD risk prediction. A model was generated incorporating methylation at three loci (score 0, 1, or 2 according to 0, 1, or 2–3 hypermethylated loci, respectively), adjusted for potential confounders, such as diastolic and systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and cholesterol ratio. mtDNA methylation at MT-CO1 nt6807 (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.16; P = 0.014), MT-CO3 nt9444 (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.02–1.46, P = 0.042), and MT-TL1 nt3254 (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.05–1.61, P = 0.008) was higher at baseline in those who developed CVD by follow-up, compared with those who remained CVD-free. Combined use of the three loci significantly enhanced risk prediction, with hazard ratios of 1.38 (95% CI 0.68–2.78) and 2.68 (95% CI 1.41–5.08) for individuals with score 1 or 2, respectively (P = 0.003). Methylation at these sites was independent of conventional CVD risk factors, including inflammation markers, fasting blood glucose concentration, and blood pressure.

Conclusions

Methylations of MT-CO1, MT-CO3, and MT-TL1 are, together, strong predictors of future CVD incidence. Since methylation of these mtDNA domains was independent of conventional CVD risk factors, these markers may represent a novel intrinsic predictor of CVD risk in adults with overweight and obesity.
Human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (hBMP-2) characterization by physical–chemical, immunological and biological assays
Authors: Suzuki Miriam Fussae , Oliveira João Ezequiel , Damiani Renata , Lima Eliana Rosa , Amaral Kleicy Cavalcante , Santos Anderson Maikon de Souza , Magalhães Geraldo Santana , Faverani Leonardo Perez , Pereira Luis Antonio Violin Dias , Silva Fabiana Medeiros , Bartolini Paolo
Published: February 2020

Commercially available preparations of methionyl-human BMP-2 and CHO-derived hBMP-2, which belongs to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily, were used for a complete characterization. This protein is an extremely efficient osteoinductor that plays an important role during bone regeneration and embryonic development. Characterization was carried out via SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, followed by reversed-phase HPLC, size-exclusion HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS. The classical in vitro bioassay, based on the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells, confirmed that hBMP-2 biological activity is mostly related to the dimeric form, being ~ 4-fold higher for the CHO-derived glycosylated form when compared with the E. coli counterpart. The E. coli-derived met-hBMP-2 has shown, by MALDI-TOF-MS, a large presence of the bioactive dimer. A more complex molecular mass (MM) distribution was found for the CHO-derived product, whose exact MM has never been reported because of its variable glycosylation. A method based on RP-HPLC was set up, allowing a quantitative and qualitative hBMP-2 determination even directly on ongoing culture media. Considering that hBMP-2 is highly unstable, presenting moreover an extremely high aggregate value, we believe that these data pave the way to a necessary characterization of this important factor when synthesized by DNA recombinant techniques in different types of hosts.
Flexural Performance of Steel Reinforced ECC-Concrete Composite Beams Subjected to Freeze–Thaw Cycles
Authors: Ge Wenjie , Ashour Ashraf F. , Lu Weigang , Cao Dafu
Published: February 2020

Experimental and theoretical investigations on the flexural performance of steel reinforced ECC-concrete composite beams subjected to freeze–thaw cycles are presented in this paper. Four groups of reinforced composite beams with different ECC height replacement ratios subject to 0, 50, 100 and 150 cycles of freeze–thaw were physically tested to failure. Experimental results show that the bending capacity decreases with the increase of freeze–thaw cycles regardless of ECC height replacement ratios. However, the ultimate moment, stiffness and durability of ECC specimens and ECC-concrete composite specimens are greater than those of traditional concrete specimens, owing to the excellent tensile performance of ECC materials. With the increase of ECC height, the crack width and average crack spacing gradually decrease. According to materials’ constitutive models, compatibility and equilibrium conditions, three failure modes with two boundary failure conditions are proposed. Simplified formulas for the moment capacity are also developed. The results predicted by the simplified formulas show good agreement with the experimental moment capacity and failure modes. A parametric analysis is conducted to study the influence of strength and height of ECC, amount of reinforcement, concrete strength and cycles of freeze–thaw on moment capacity and curvature ductility of ECC-concrete composite beams.
Gold nanoparticle clusters for the investigation of therapeutic efficiency against prostate cancer under near-infrared irradiation
Authors: Kim Jeonghun , Chun Sang Hun , Amornkitbamrung Lunjakorn , Song Chanyoung , Yuk Ji Soo , Ahn So Yeon , Kim Byung Woo , Lim Yong Taik , Oh Byung-Keun , Um Soong Ho
Published: February 2020

Gold particles have been widely used in the treatment of prostate cancer due to their unique optical properties, such as their light-heat conversion in response to near-infrared radiation. Due to well-defined synthesis mechanisms and simple manufacturing methods, gold particles have been fabricated in various sizes and shapes. However, the low photothermal transduction efficiency in their present form is a major obstacle to practical and therapeutic uses of these particles. In the current work, we present a silica-coated gold nanoparticle cluster to address the therapeutic limit of single gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and use its photothermal effect for treatment against PC-3, a typical prostate cancer. Due to its specific nanostructure, this gold nanocluster showed three times higher photothermal transduction efficiency than free single AuNPs. Moreover, while free single particles easily clump and lose optical properties, this silica-coated cluster form remained stable for a longer time in a given medium. In photothermal tests under near-infrared radiation, the excellent therapeutic efficacy of gold nanoclusters, referred to as AuNC@SiO2, was observed in a preclinical sample. Only the samples with both injected nanoclusters followed by photothermal treatment showed completely degraded tumors after 15 days. Due to the unique intrinsic biocompatibility and higher therapeutic effect of these silica-coated gold nanoclusters, they may contribute to enhancement of therapeutic efficacy against prostate cancer.
‘Who are you today?’ Problems of identity in psychiatry
Authors: Foster Charles
Published: February 2020

Our attributes change. Sometimes they are changed so dramatically (for instance by organic brain disease, traumatic brain injury or psychiatric disease) that it is hard to see any significant continuity with the premorbid person. Sometimes this can have important ethical and legal consequences, but the problems are often ignored. This article highlights some of the difficulties.
SKIP: emotional well-being intervention
Authors: Cook Natalie
Published: February 2020

SKIP (Students for Kids International Projects) is a student-led global health charity; each university branch partners with a local non-governmental organisation in their branch country, where they run interventions identified by the local community. Research in these countries has identified an educational need for interventions around emotional well-being. In this article, we reflect on the process of creating culturally appropriate educational resources for children and young people in low- and middle-income countries, to be delivered by non-professionals. SKIP has a Research Ethics Policy. No external ethics approval was required.
Conceptualization of society in social-philosophical and philosophical-historical reflection
Authors: Zakharov Nikolay
Published: February 2020

The book is one of the first monographs published in Russian, which covers in detail the theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of the formation of behavioral Economics as a special branch of science and economic practice. The article reveals the essence, sources and results of economic behavior of economic entities in the conditions of the existing political and economic system in Russia. The author substantiates the ways and technologies of economic growth activation based on further strengthening of the functional role of a person and his constructive behavior in the system of modern social production. The author's merit is an interdisciplinary approach to the problem under study, including the use of theoretical and applied Economics, management, psychology, sociology, computer science, and futurology.
The book can be useful for managers of bodies and organizations of the state and municipal management system, business structures and consulting firms, teachers and students studying this issue.
New in self-regulation in the construction industry: legal aspects
Authors: Grinyev Valyeriy
Published: February 2020

This publication presents new provisions of the Federal law on self-regulation in the construction industry, the construction of a system of property accountability and redress, as well as engineering surveys, implementing the architectural design, the contract for performance of design and survey works, expert examination of engineering survey results and design documentation, technological and price audit with a list of questions asked during the knowledge test in the form of an oral exam for the right preparation of examination of project documentation and (or) engineering survey results, approved by order of the Ministry of construction of Russia from September 13, 2016 No. 634/Ave.
For civil servants of Executive authorities, heads and specialists of project and construction organizations, entrepreneurs, teachers, students, applicants and PhD students and other persons enrolled in the programs of professional retraining.
Moral-psychological support activity of troops, military formations and bodies
Authors: Zelenkov Mikhail
Published: February 2020

In the textbook on the basis of theoretical and practical experience in the construction, modernization, training and use of the Armed Forces, other troops, military formations and authorities of the Russian Federation deals with the issues and problems of moral-psychological support of their activities, outlines the goals, objectives, principles, methods, forms and content of moral and psychological support as separate species support the activities of the troops, its components, and especially its organization in a variety of conditions and tactical applications troops. Reflects the existing fundamental provisions of statutory documents of the Armed Forces, other troops, military formations and organs of the Russian Federation, the results of the analysis of the practical organization of moral-psychological support activity of troops accumulated in the Russian Federation and in foreign countries, as well as the experience of previously prepared textbooks on the subject.
The content of the textbook meets the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
For teachers, cadets and students of military educational institutions of the defense Ministry, interior Ministry, emergencies Ministry, the FSB, FSWG (of Resguardo) of Russia, as well as teachers and students of the educational military centers and military departments at civilian universities, adjuncts and doctoral students from other military schools, unit commanders, staff officers and work with staff (educational structures) units and parts, independently studying the issues of moral-psychological support activity of the Armed Forces, other troops, military formations and authorities of the Russian Federation.
Technological processes in the technical service of machinery and equipment
Authors: Kravchenko Igor
Published: February 2020

Described in the textbook theoretical bases, organizational aspects of technical service of machinery and equipment, and the use of resource-saving technologies of recovery and strengthening. Methods are described for the deposition of coatings of various functional purposes, equipment and materials. Summarizes the results of theoretical and experimental studies of domestic and foreign researchers. Reviewed test methods and properties of the coatings, and given the scope of their effective use at the enterprises of technical service.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
Addressed to students of undergraduate and graduate students by specialty "Agroengineering" and technical workers agricultural, engineering, power, metallurgical and other industries.
Political symbolics
Authors: Bagdasaryan Vardan
Published: February 2020

Relevance of the appeal to a subject of political symbolics is defined by the growing importance of symbols in the management of mass consciousness in present period. The presented book is devoted to managerial possibilities of using symbols from the state and other political forces. The monograph describes the formation of symbolic spaces of oppositional forces from religious schismatics to the forces of "color revolutions". Correlation of political symbolics and ideology of parties is carried out. The comparative analysis over the countries of the world of valuable and semantic maintenance of the major political symbols of the states - anthems, mottoes, awards, bank notes, national holidays, texts of military oaths and oaths of presidents is carried out. The book is of interest to all, interested in political science, history, cultural science.
State PR: public relations for government organizations and projects
Authors: Chumikov Aleksandr , Bocharov Mikhail
Published: February 2020

The textbook, which is as close as possible to the needs of the practice, describes the full cycle of public relations actions (PR actions) that are necessary both in the work of state and municipal organizations themselves, and in the implementation of state and municipal information and communication projects by contractors. The book is addressed to specialized employees of these organizations, specialists of business structures and public formations-performers of PR projects, students and teachers of the specialty "Advertising and public relations". The book operates mainly examples of the late first — early second decade of the XXI century a Number of sections of the book together with methods to work on it offered a mass audience for the first time
Proposition of patient stratification and parameter setting for mechanical traction in patients with LBP
Authors: Dylewski Michał Igor , Dylewska Monika , Kasprzak Alicja , Bednorz Roman , Maliszewski Jakub , Cygoń Krzysztof , Boczula Joanna
Published: February 2020

Mechanical traction of the lumbar spine remains a procedure very willingly used by therapists in many countries of the world, despite at least equivocal scientific evidence. One of the problems reducing its effectiveness is the problem with the selection of patients for therapy as well as selecting the therapeutic goals and treatment parameters for the patient in an individualized and, at the same time, repeatable manner. In this work, the authors presented such a model developed as part of Research and Development works carried out at the Leśny Dom Seniora in Piastów.
Interpersonal communication between nurses and hospitalized patients - a review of Polish literature
Authors: Chałdaś-Majdańska Justyna , Bieniak Monika , Karska Katarzyna
Published: February 2020

Each negative change in the health condition causes a great discomfort to patients. It is a difficult situation and therefore it generates both anxiety, stress, and other negative emotions. Therefore, communication plays an important role in relieving the anxiety and stress and may reduce negative emotions and feelings. Communication is a situation in which a proper exchange of information and contact between the nurse and the patient is established thus helping the patient feel secure and understood. The communicate information belongs to the professional responsibilities of a nurse and it is an important element of the patient care. The aim of the study was to analyze the results of research presented in Polish scientific literature on the subject of communication between a nurse and a hospitalized patient. A selection of scientific articles from the years 2010-2019 were reviewed. A multi-stage process of data selection was employed and both the analysis inclusion criteria and a critical review were used. After having searched the Internet databases, 5 papers were identified which met the analysis inclusion criteria. The main research method employed was the diagnostic survey method.The analysis of the published research results allowed for the identification of the following categories related to interpersonal communication between the patient and the nurse: • quality of communication between the nurse and the patient from the patient's perspective;• nurses' knowledge about the importance of communication in the professional environment and its components in relations with patients; • interpersonal communication style employed between the nurse and the patient.Interpersonal communication, both verbal and non-verbal, is an important element of nursing care. Interestingly, both nurses and patients notice the need to improve their communication skills. The results obtained indicate the need for further research in the field of interpersonal communication in the nurse-patient relationship. Consequently, it has been observed that a systematic education through trainings and workshops on proper communication with a hospitalized patient is required.
Precária existência, implacável destino: Machado de Assis, Borges e Poe, em Luis Fernando Verissimo
Authors: Borim Jr. Dário
Published: February 2020

Enfocando contos e romances de Luis Fernando Verissimo, este ensaio discute a robusta semelhança de aspectos estilísticos e temáticos entre o autor gaúcho e três mestres da narrativa oriundos de diferentes tradições literárias: o estadunidense Edgar Allan Poe, o argentino Jorge Luis Borges, e o brasileiro Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis. Exploram-se as facetas que dão coesão e dinamismo crítico ao tipo de escrita estranha e desconcertante praticada por Verissimo. Sua narrativa, como tal, emprega narradores extremamente criativos. Eles não apenas questionam a própria linguagem humana e negociam conexões simbólicas e coincidências entrecortadas entre vida e arte. Mesclam-se, também, fatos e ficções, mitos clássicos e afazeres banais, que, muito amiúde, se fundem em meio ao bizarro e ao imponderável nos eventos do dia-a-dia.
Presença de José Saramago na Polónia
Authors: Brzozowski Jerzy
Published: February 2020

A primeira obra de Saramago a ser publicada na Polónia não foi O Memorial do Convento, cuja tradução tinha sido proposta às prestigiosas edições WL em 1988, mas O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo, editado pela obscura SAWW e ignorado pela crítica. O Memorial do Convento foi impresso apenas em 1993 em Londres; isto prova que a situação política continuava a influenciar a cultura polaca depois da queda do comunismo e da censura, nas condições do mercado livre. No entanto, a frieza dos polacos diante da obra de Saramago foi largamente compensada nos anos vindouros; todos os romances do Autor foram traduzidos para o idioma nacional, alguns até com 6 ou mais edições. O líder absoluto no mercado polaco é o Ensaio sobre a Cegueira, publicado 11 vezes por 3 editoras independentes. Este romance foi também o mais resenhado, porém, na crítica erudita surpreende o problema de uma certa obsessão por Deus nas obras daquele autor ateu, visível de maneira clara noutras obras como O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo ou Caim.
Consciência e cultura: a incondicionalidade da palavra-ação em Paulo Freire
Authors: Da Costa Gildo José
Published: February 2020

O aspecto introdutório da crítica social em Paulo Freire, bem como o contexto histórico para o qual dirigia sua análise, se explicam a partir do combate à “cultura do silêncio”, marco contínuo na contraditória sociedade brasileira de sua época. Essa contradição opunha uma sociedade arcaica a setores socialmente emergentes. O povo imerso na atmosfera do silêncio, que supunha ao mesmo tempo uma consciência semi-intransitiva, viu-se lançado numa perspectiva de transitividade rumo à reestruturação das formas de pensar. Esse estudo visa perguntar em que medida, em face destes sectarismos, o processo de conscientização das massas estaria condicionado à emersão da palavra-ação.
Conceitos do tempo e do espaço em russo e em português: diferenças e dificuldades na aprendizagem
Authors: Petrova Galina
Published: February 2020

O artigo analisa as diferenças estruturais entre as línguas russa e portuguesa no domínio dos conceitos do tempo e do espaço e os erros típicos dos alunos russofalantes provocados por estas distinções. Elas são as seguintes: o calendário russo começa a semana com a segunda-feira, enquanto no caso do português, com o domingo; as 24 horas do dia são divididas e denominadas em russo e em português de maneira diferente. Enquanto o português descreve a posição do objeto no espaço mediante os verbos genéricos, o russo especifica a sua posição horizontal ou vertical. Os conceitos espaciais e temporais na língua portuguesa podem expressar-se pelos mesmos lexemas, ao passo que em russo esta confusão é praticamente impossível.
A visão linguística do Além egípcio antigo na tradução para português e inglês
Authors: Popielska-Grzybowska Joanna
Published: February 2020

A visão linguística do Além no pensamento religioso dos egípcios antigos distingue-se claramente das crenças dos outros povos antigos. A autora do presente artigo pretende analisá-la numa contextualização dos Textos das Pirâmides, citando as traduções das fórmulas diagnosticadas. Analisará a visão linguística na tradução do egípcio hieroglífico para o português, fazendo-se as comparações das traduções das fórmulas para o inglês e os seus obstáculos ou dificuldades nessa tradução.Usando métodos de análise da linguagem egípcia, compreenderemos melhor o modo de pensar dos egípcios. O método da “visão linguística do mundo” (“linguistic worldview”), isto é, a interpretação verbalizada da realidade, desenvolvida por Jerzy Bartmiński, seus alunos e colaboradores, pode ser excecionalmente útil. A análise linguística minuciosa e profunda dos fragmentos dos textos religiosos mais antigos do mundo, na tradução para as línguas contemporâneas, desenvolve uma discussão científica mais completa.
The Influence of Multinational Corporations on International Alliance Formation Behavior of Colocated Start-Ups
Authors: Aharonson Barak S. , Bort Suleika , Woywode Michael
Published: February 2020

We theorize that vicarious learning theory provides a framework for understanding how small- and medium-sized start-ups can learn from the activity of a variety of regional actors, not just from the activity of colocated peer firms (i.e., other start-ups). Furthermore, we suggest that the magnitude of the impact of vicarious learning is influenced by a firm’s own specific experience with a variety of actors. We use longitudinal data of the population of German biotechnology start-ups and pharmaceutical multinational corporations (MNCs) between 1996 and 2015 across 19 German biotechnology regions. We show that colocated start-ups’ international expansion is positively impacted by the regional network centrality of colocated MNCs and that this relationship is moderated by a start-up’s direct alliance experience with these entities. Our results highlight how important it is for researchers to differentiate the distinct and separate influences a wide variety of actors have on vicarious learning to more clearly identify outcomes of this influence. We also provide evidence that the influence of MNCs is heterogeneous and depends on whether MNCs are domestic or foreign and on their R&D intensity, yet find that country of origin has no significant influence. Our study makes a number of contributions, one of which is research on alliances, supporting conflicting arguments on the subsequent impacts of experience. We further find that certain types of alliance experience may not be transferrable to induce start-ups’ future international expansion, and in some cases may even hinder it.
EVALUASI PROGRAM MOTIVATOR ASI MOBILE IMOGIRI (MAMI) DI PUSKESMAS IMOGIRI I BANTUL DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Astuti Rini Puji , Handayani Lina , Arzani Arzani
Published: February 2020

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding based on Government Regulation No. 33 of 2012 is breast milk given to infants since birth for six months, without adding and / or replacing with other foods or beverages (except medicines, vitamins and minerals). Nutrition improvement programs include several activities including nutritional surveillance, consultation, examination of toddlers by specialist doctors, monitoring of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) as well as the empowerment of the Community Supporting Groups (KP-Ibu). The Imogiri (MAMI) Mobile ASI Motivator Program was formed in 2009 with its initial activities in the form of exclusive ASI mentoring activities with a background of frequent failures in exclusive breastfeeding in the first three months after the baby was born and 0-3 days the mother gave formula milk, then in the year 2015 was named as ASI Mobile Imogiri (MAMI) Motivator.Method: This study aims to determine the input, process, output, outcome, feedback and environment in the MAMI program. This research type was qualitative with descriptive approach using in-depth interview method and observation. This research was conducted at Puskesmas Imogiri I Bantul Special Region of Yogyakarta with 11 informants, consist of Program Coordinator, Head of Puskesmas, Posyandu cadre and lactating mother.Results: The number of human resources was sufficient but in quality is still said to be less. The public understands the importance of Exclusive Breast Milk, but overall the program has not run maximally. Children exclusively breastfed exclusively have better immunity than formula fed children. The environment of breastfeeding mothers has an important role in exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusion: The program is not running maximally yet.
Nasopalatine Cyst or Apical Pathology? A Diagnostic Dilemma and How to Manage It
Authors: Cresta Marialena , Philpott Robert , Besi Eleni
Published: February 2020

Nasopalatine cysts (NPCs) present as maxillary midline radiolucencies and are the most common radiolucency of non-odontogenic origin. The proximity of these radiolucencies to the apical region of the maxillary anterior teeth may complicate diagnosis. We are presenting two cases of maxillary midline radiolucencies with a similar presentation but different diagnoses. Reaching a definitive diagnosis may be complicated, even when a detailed clinical examination has been carried out. The use of CBCT has been a valuable addition to the diagnostic armamentarium which can help clinicians reach more accurate diagnoses in such cases. A definitive diagnosis may be established following histopathological analysis, which is indicated in symptomatic cases.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights the importance of careful assessment of apical radiolucencies associated with the maxillary midline, leading to the correct diagnoses and appropriate treatment planning.
Consent in Oral Surgery: a Guide for Clinicians
Authors: Dungarwalla Mohammed M , Bailey Edmund
Published: February 2020

The consent process remains a pillar of excellent clinical care. The changes in the law after the Montgomery ruling in 2015 has changed the shape of consent, and now, taking adequate consent can be extensive and sometimes confusing for clinicians and patients. Dentists are sometimes faced with the unenvious task of weighing up what patients should know versus what they want to know.

This paper aims to describe the consent process for more common oral surgical procedures, helping clinicians to allow their patients to make informed decisions.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To assist primary and secondary care clinicians in taking adequate consent for oral surgical procedures.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: February 2020

Mark Greener rounds up the latest research of interest to primary care nurses
Social enterprise: Exploring an integrative definition
Authors: Banerjee T.S. , Sahay Arunaditya
Published: February 2020

Introduction
 The world is witnessing the rise of social enterprises today. These organisations are formed by social entrepreneurs who are equipped with the resourcefulness of a traditional entrepreneur and have a social mission. They are focused on generating social
value, thereby creating an impact on society. There is no universally accepted definition for a social enterprise, largely due to the contextual factors associated with it. The literature is also weighted to Western discourse and not much is available beyond the Western world. Today, social
enterprises are emerging worldwide, and India is no exception. However, there is no formal, legally sanctioned organisational type which has an impact on how social enterprises are identified in India. By understanding what social enterprise looks like in India, we are able to add to the academic
conversation on what a social enterprise is, by building our definitional understanding about it.
 Objective
 The changing world ecosystem is characterised by the coexistence of economic growth and changing technology along with income inequality and disparity in
inclusion and equity. Emerging markets like India are characterised by these conditions. This also creates unmet opportunities for businesses which can focus on localised solutions, serve local communities, and do good for society as a whole. A social enterprise has strategic advantages over
traditional organisations and has, therefore, a broader role to play in supporting inclusive growth in such markets. However, lack of basic understanding, recognition and subsequent policies supporting these organisations can, in turn, inhibit their progress. To that end, this paper attempts
to create an integrative definition of a social enterprise, keeping India as a context, to advocate its recognition and also to promote knowledge building in the domain.
 Methods
 The identified research theme is at a nascent stage and hence has been based on the
usage of a multi-method qualitative methodology which involves two qualitative 1 data collection procedures and modified content analysis.
 Results
 An integrative definition of a 'social enterprise' has been proposed on the basis of the emergent insights.