bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antropologia Médica Vitalista: uma ampliação ao entendimento do processo de adoecimento humano
Authors: Teixeira Marcus Zulian
Published: November 2017

Antropologia é a ciência que tem como objetivo estudar o homem em sua pluralidade de modos de vida e de pensamento, incorporando os diversos aspectos da individualidade às suas modalidades de estudo (biológica, social, cultural e filosófica). Por sua vez, a Antropologia Médica estuda os fatores que influenciam o processo saúde-doença, incluindo os aspectos biossocioculturais e os variados sistemas de saúde. Seguindo o objetivo intrínseco de estudar o homem em sua pluralidade, a Antropologia Médica Vitalista fornece subsídios filosóficos para uma ampliação do entendimento do processo de adoecimento, analisando o mecanismo saúde-doença em conformidade com a estrutura ontológica humana. Fundamentando o diagnóstico e o tratamento das doenças em diversas racionalidades médicas não convencionais (Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, Medicina Tradicional Indiana, Medicina Homeopática e Medicina Antroposófica), a concepção vitalista é uma doutrina filosófica que considera a existência de uma força (princípio) vital responsável pela manutenção da saúde e da vida, unida substancialmente ao corpo físico. Além disso, valorizando a interação de outras instâncias superiores da individualidade humana (mente, alma e espírito) no equilíbrio fisiológico-vital, a concepção vitalista inclui a influência dos pensamentos, sentimentos e emoções na etiopatogenia e na evolução das doenças, aspectos difundidos pela dinâmica psicossomática moderna e pelo recente campo de pesquisas que relaciona a saúde à espiritualidade.
Morte súbita cardíaca em atletas e testes genéticos para as canalopatias
Authors: Utagawa Claudia Yamada , Rondinelli Pedro de Souza , Fernandes Sarah Sterphane
Published: November 2017

Ocasionalmente ocorrem mortes súbitas em atletas e sabe-se que um percentual desses eventos é por morte súbita cardíaca (MSC), algumas delas por canalopatias, doenças que muitas vezes possuem manifestação silenciosa. A presente revisão sistemática visa analisar a relevância da adoção de testes moleculares para o diagnóstico precoce dessas canalopatias afim de se diminuir a incidência de MSC em atletas de elite. Para analisar a questão proposta, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico na base de dados Pubmed, utilizando as palavras-chaves channelopathies, sudden cardiac death e athlete’s heart syndrome, sendo resgatados 35 artigos. Desses, dezoito artigos eram revisões sistemáticas, um estudo prospectivo e um estudo de corte e, no final, vinte artigos foram selecionados. De acordo com os resultados encontrados, percebeu-se que pelo fato das canalopatias serem doenças genéticas que podem ser hereditárias, a história familiar deve ser sempre valorizada durante a anamnese. Além disso, cerca de 3,6% das mortes súbitas são causadas por canalopatias em atletas. Os testes genéticos para as principais canalopatias entretanto, não se mostraram eficazes na prevenção de morte súbita cardíaca pelo alto custo, baixa disponibilidade, baixo valor preditivo negativo (<40%) e poucos estudos prospectivos bem delineados com uma população estatisticamente significativa.
Uso da penicilina para tratar uma pneumonia lobar em paciente pediátrico com deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase: relato de caso e revisão da literatura
Authors: Nogueira Carlos Felipe , Cerdeira Cláudio Daniel , Aureliano Anna Paula Mendanha da Silva , Lobo João Marcelo Teixeira , Silvério Alessandra Cristina Pupin , Santos Gérsika Bitencourt
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Neste relato de caso, nós abordamos o uso da penicilina em paciente pediátrico do sexo feminino com deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase (G6PD) para tratar uma pneumonia lobar aguda. Descrição do caso: Durante os 10 dias de tratamento com penicilina G cristalina (200 mg/kg/dia), o monitoramento com hemograma evidenciou a restauração aos níveis normais do hematócrito e hemoglobina. O acompanhamento da paciente mostrou completa resolução da infecção pulmonar e não ocorrência de anemia hemolítica aguda (crise hemolítica). Comentários: A restrição quanto ao uso de alguns medicamentos em pacientes que apresentam deficiência de G6PD é um desafio para a instituição do tratamento adequado na prática clínica. Portanto, é aqui relatado o uso da penicilina por parte de uma paciente com deficiência de G6PD.
Indicação de cardioversor desfibrilador implantável após morte súbita por fibrilação ventricular em pré-operatório de catarata: relato de caso
Authors: Lima Livia Rossetti de Abreu e , Dias Karoline Medeiros , Mozzaquatro Thacila , Siqueira Sergio Freitas de , Pedrosa Anisio Alexandre Andrade , Nishioka Silvana Angelina D'Orio , Teixeira Ricardo Alkmim , Oliveira Camila da Silva , Costa Roberto , Martinelli Filho Martino
Published: November 2017

Introdução: A fibrilação ventricular (FV) é um evento grave e fatal na maioria dos pacientes. Neste relato, descrevemos um caso de parada cardíaca durante pré-operatório de cirurgia de catarata em um paciente, com indicação subsequente de cardioversor desfibrilador implantável (CDI) para prevenção secundária de morte súbita cardíaca (MSC). Trata-se de um homem, 72 anos de idade, admitido para cirurgia de catarata com cardiomiopatia dilatada de etiologia desconhecida (DCM). O paciente apresentava hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, hipotireoidismo e dislipidemia. Durante o período pré-operatório foi administrado, para realização de facectomia, colírio de tropicamida, fenilefrina e proximetacaína e, na sequência, o paciente desenvolveu FV e parada cardíaca. A parada foi revertida após 13 minutos de manobras de reanimação. O paciente foi encaminhado à Unidade de Estimulação Cardíaca de nossa instituição para avaliação. A ressonância magnética cardíaca não mostrou fibrose miocárdica e a coronariografia foi normal. Conclusão: Descrevemos um caso de FV intra-hospitalar, que acometeu paciente com DCM sem substrato anatômico arritmogênico. O mecanismo mais provável da arritmia ventricular foi hiperautomatismo induzido por estresse pré-operatório. O implante de CDI foi indicado para prevenção secundária de MSC, e afastadas causas reversíveis ou controláveis.
Hematoma subdural bilateral frontotemporal em PTI: relato de caso
Authors: Lacerda Isadora Dias , Costa Junior Wesley Lobo , Faria Talitha Araújo
Published: November 2017

A púrpura trombocitopênica idiopática (PTI) é uma doença autoimune relacionada a baixos níveis plaquetários, relativamente frequente, que tem por principal característica clínica a presença de hemorragias espontâneas. Sangramento da pele sob a forma de petéquias, gengivorragia, epistaxe, melena e sangramentos do trato genito-urinário são manifestações comuns, e embora raro, o sangramento intracraniano é uma complicação grave da doença. Diagnóstico diferencial de exclusão é necessário e o tratamento se baseia no uso de corticosteroide, imunoglobulina ou esplenectomia, de acordo com o quadro clínico. É relatado um caso de paciente portador de PTI complicada com hemorragia intracraniana a qual só foi diagnosticada após a realização de ressonância nuclear magnética (RM) de encéfalo, um exame de imagem que apresenta maior sensibilidade a processos infiltrativos quando comparado a tomografia computadorizada (TC). A paciente foi transferida para cuidados hematológicos devido à persistência da baixa contagem plaquetária. Diante do quadro, foi realizada esplenectomia a qual resultou em aumento dos níveis plaquetários, sendo possível a suspensão do corticosteroide.
O lead nos títulos jornalísticos: um estudo comparado entre os jornais Folha de S.Paulo e O Estado de S.Paulo
Authors: Reino Lucas Santiago Arraes , Bueno Thaísa Cristina
Published: November 2017

Trabalhados de formas diferentes para as capas dos jornais impressos e para a internet, os títulos possuem uma íntima ligação com o lead, já que resumem a informação do primeiro parágrafo em um número menor de palavras. Nesse sentido, este artigo recupera de forma breve a história do chamado título informativo e discute sua relação com o lead. A proposta é entender quais perguntas que compõem o lead são costumeiramente destacadas nos títulos e se há diferenças nessa seleção quando o título está na plataforma digital ou de papel. O estudo tem como base um levantamento feito nos jornais Folha de S.Paulo e O Estado de S.Paulo, no meio impresso e na Internet. Ao todo, 206 títulos foram analisados. Por fim, coloca-se a prova o que é e o que deixou de ser característica do título jornalístico.
A filosofia de Match point: síntese do imaginário trágico de Woody Allen
Authors: Almeida Rogério de , Beccari Marcos
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é tanto propor uma interpretação filosófica de Match point quanto demonstrar como tal película sintetiza o imaginário trágico de Woody Allen. De início, delineamos algumas bases conceituais que amparam a proposta de uma interpretação fílmica. Em seguida, apresentamos os elementos que caracterizam o pensamento trágico e os associamos ao filme elencado. Observamos, por fim, que o imaginário trágico que permeia a obra de Woody Allen desponta pela aprovação incondicional da existência.
A colonização da cultura: ainda sobre Classificação Indicativa
Authors: Gomes Mayra Rodrigues
Published: November 2017

Este texto se relaciona a trabalhos de pesquisa desenvolvidos junto ao Obcom (Observatório de Censura, Comunicação e Liberdade de Expressão) focando o controle do fluxo de produtos culturais através de variadas estratégias normativas. Assim, um dos objetos de investigação são as aplicações da Classificação Indicativa relacionadas à exibição de espetáculos fílmicos e/ou televisivos. Trazemos, aqui, algumas considerações tecidas a partir de casos polêmicos que têm transitado pelas mídias, evocando situações paradoxais, através das quais podemos ver modos, formais e informais, de cerceamentos que se configuram como censura.
Os golpes de 1964 e 2016: poder, espetáculo, simulacro
Authors: Coelho Cláudio Novaes Pinto
Published: November 2017

A proposta principal deste trabalho é a realização de uma análise comparativa dos golpes de 1964 e 2016 sob a perspectiva de uma reflexão a respeito das relações entre comunicação e política. Os conceitos de poder espetacular desenvolvidos por Debord são a base para a análise dos golpes. A visão de Baudrillard a respeito do processo comunicacional de simulação e de produção de simulacros também será incorporada ao trabalho, mediante apropriação crítica. O pensamento de Florestan Fernandes sobre a sociedade brasileira, em especial sua visão sobre a existência de uma autocracia burguesa, será utilizado para confronto entre os conceitos de Debord e de Baudrillard e as particularidades da história brasileira. Editoriais da Folha de S.Paulo fornecerão material para a investigação dos vínculos entre a atuação da mídia e a presença do poder espetacular e do processo de simulação e de produção de espetáculos nas conjunturas históricas de 1964 e 2016.
Outlander: um olhar feminino sobre a sexualidade
Authors: Gerbase Carlos
Published: November 2017

A partir da releitura do ensaio Prazer visual e cinema narrativo, texto feminista clássico dos anos 1970, de autoria de Laura Mulvey, que acusa o cinema mundial – e em especial o produzido em Hollywood – de ser machista e transformar o espectador, independente de gênero, em um voyeur do sexo masculino, discuto neste trabalho as possíveis transformações acontecidas nesse quadro estético nos últimos 40 anos. Os objetos empíricos deste estudo são o romance Outlander, de Diana Gabaldon, e a primeira temporada da série de TV homônima, que estão bem distantes da misoginia apontada por Mulvey. Uma sequência de ações referentes a uma relação sexual, presente tanto no romance quanto na série televisiva, foi analisada detalhadamente, de modo a flagrar novas estratégias narrativas e estéticas da indústria audiovisual contemporânea.
“Sou fã da revistinha”: as mensagens enviadas pelas crianças ao jornalismo infantojuvenil
Authors: Doretto Juliana
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho é parte de tese de doutorado que aborda a participação de crianças na construção da narrativa jornalística em veículos a eles destinados. Parte-se do pressuposto de que, ainda que o surgimento de novos meios de produção e canais de distribuição possibilite a democratização midiática, apenas a provisão de recursos não garante que os meninos e as meninas de fato influenciem na produção jornalística (BUCKINGHAM, 2009). Nesse sentido, o trabalho analisou as correspondências recebidas pela revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças, de julho de 2013 a junho de 2014. Notou-se que as missivistas, de modo voluntário ou estimulado por professores, enxergam o espaço de correspondência como uma plataforma pela qual podem intervir na oferta editorial da publicação, mas de modo reforçador, ou seja, pedindo mais do que já apreciam.
Imaginário serial: compartilhamento de arquétipos
Authors: Pitta Danielle Perin Rocha
Published: November 2017

Na base de todo relato imagético estão os arquétipos, simultaneamente universais e específicos. Estes se expressam através do nível simbólico das imagens, culturalmente contextualizadas. Através da obra de Gilbert Durand, pode-se observar a lógica simbólica em ação tanto nos filmes como em seriados. Séries e novelas, percebe-se, devem o seu sucesso à força da redundância das imagens, à familiaridade, à sensação de segurança (imaginário transcendental), à distração do próprio cotidiano.
Agência nos thrillers cinematográficos de conspiração
Authors: Trifonova Temenuga
Published: November 2017

Os thrillers de conspiração contribuem para a negação da agência na cultura contemporânea, deixando assim a paranoia como a “estrutura de sentimento” dominante? São esses filmes supersimplificações irracionais ou conseguem chamar atenção para as complexidades da nova ordem mundial? Este artigo examina as mudanças de representação da agência nos recentes thrillers de conspiração. O argumento aqui utilizado é que os thrillers de conspiração contemporâneos apontam para um crescimento da incerteza sobre questões de causalidade, responsabilidade e agência, e para a rotinização da conspiração.
Representação da violência doméstica em produções seriadas brasileiras
Authors: Martinez Monica , Joyce Samantha Nogueira
Published: November 2017

A proposta deste artigo é refletir a respeito da representação da violência doméstica em relação a mulheres em narrativas seriadas televisivas. Trata-se de uma análise comparativa, com uma perspectiva crítica/ compreensiva, no campo dos estudos das narrativas e do imaginário. Este trabalho tem como corpus a telenovela Mulheres Apaixonadas (Globo) e o seriado Sessão de Terapia (Globosat News Television – GNT). O intuito é analisar e contrastar como essas duas produções narrativas representam e apresentam a violência doméstica às suas respectivas audiências, levando-se em conta aspectos sobre produção, público, TV aberta e paga.
F.C.S. Schiller’s Pragmatist Philosophy of History
Authors: Binder Marnie
Published: November 2017

This article posits a pragmatist philosophy of history as exemplified in the work of British Philosopher F.C.S. Schiller (1864–1937). Part of this argument for a pragmatist philosophy of history resides on pragmatism’s key notion of “experience” being presented here as both related to human forces that are operant in history, and the particularly important “temporal” nature within the term, making it also in part “historical.” The goal is to more generally broaden scholarship in pragmatism as both containing important elements of a unique and coherent philosophy of history, and to bring Schiller closer into the academic circle of the history of pragmatist thought.
‘Being church’: The Social and Spiritual Purposes and Impacts of Christian Detached Youth Work
Authors: Thompson Naomi , Ballantyne James
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we explore the social and spiritual purposes and impacts of Christian detached youth work in theukthrough an exploration of relevant literature and through qualitative research with a small sample of youth workers. The article finds, both in the literature and the primary research, that the development of relationships between youth worker and young person is the most significant purpose and impact of Christian detached youth work. These relationships are used to facilitate impacts, both social and spiritual, in detached youth work, but are also seen as an important impact in themselves. The paper argues that social and spiritual purposes and impact are fluid and overlapping within Christian detached youth work, that institutional agendas are given low priority, and that youth workers aim to start their work from the young people’s own starting position rather than an imposed agenda. This equalising of power and negotiation of mutual relationships is largely considered, by both the literature explored and the youth workers in our primary research, to enhance the uniqueness and effectiveness of detached youth work in achieving its particular social and spiritual impacts.
Demobilizing Voters: Election Turnout in the 2016 Russian Election
Authors: McAllister Ian , White Stephen
Published: November 2017

Under communism, official election returns suggested that around 99 percent of the electorate voted. Since then, election turnout in Russia has declined dramatically, with the 2016 Duma election recording the lowest level of turnout since democratization. This paper uses national survey data collected just after the 2016 election to test four hypotheses to explain this low turnout, and to evaluate its consequences for party support. The results show that a voter’s resources, the degree of mobilization and his or her sense of efficacy all influence the probability of voting. A belief in electoral integrity also matters, but only insofar as it is related to support for the Putin regime. The level of differential turnout across the regions in the 2016 election was exceptional. Both aggregate and individual level analyses confirm that United Russia gained considerably from the higher turnout that occurred in the remoter regions, and from lower turnout in the urban regions. United Russia has pursued a strategy of voter demobilization in areas of low support, and this explains its continuing electoral success.
The Role of Precinct Commissions in Electoral Manipulation in Russia: Does Party Affiliation Matter?
Authors: Bader Max
Published: November 2017

The occurrence of manipulation in Russian elections is highly uneven not just across regions, but also across precincts. Why do some precinct election commissions take part in manipulation while other commissions stay “clean”? Drawing on a new dataset, this study assesses the impact of the party affiliation of precinct election commission members on electoral manipulation in relation to the 2016 State Duma election. The data reveal that, while the composition of most precinct election commission is diverse, United Russia nominees are vastly overrepresented among commission chairs. The study then finds that commissions with a chairperson nominated by United Russia significantly more often reported anomalously high turnout and United Russia vote share than commissions without a United Russia chair. Surprisingly, this is also true for nominees of the other State Duma parties, especially if nominees from these parties jointly with nominees from United Russia occupy the leading positions in the commission. This suggests that nominees from United Russia and other State Duma parties collude to deliver election results that are favorable to the regime.
Clusiaceae s.l. (Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae s.s. and Hypericaceae) in the Viruá National Park, Roraima, Brazil
Authors: CABRAL FERNANDA NUNES , BITTRICH VOLKER , HOPKINS MICHAEL JOHN GILBERT
Published: November 2017

We report a floristic survey of the species of Clusiaceae s.l. (Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae s.s., and Hypericaceae) in the Viruá National Park (Roraima, Brazil). The fieldwork was conducted between 2009 and 2015 and covered the different vegetation types found in the park. Calophyllaceae is represented by two genera and three species, Clusiaceae s.s. by five genera and 12 species, and Hypericaceae by one genus and five species. Three species are new records for the state of Roraima. We present an identification key, updated taxonomic descriptions, and photographic illustrations for each species. Two lectotypifications are proposed for Clusia. A new combination in Garcinia is also proposed.
Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XVI. Salviniaceae
Authors: KESSLER MICHAEL , SMITH ALAN R.
Published: November 2017

We provide a synopsis to the family Salviniaceae in Bolivia, including two species each in the genera Azolla and Salvinia. Despite their low species richness, these aquatic plants are some of the ecologically and economically most important ferns in Bolivia.
A new genus of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) from China with the description of two new species
Authors: GYULAI PÉTER , SALDAITIS AIDAS , VAITONIS GINTAS
Published: November 2017

Descriptions and diagnoses of a new genus Gracilisinensis gen. nov. and two new species G. vaiva sp. nov. and G. moha sp. nov. are provided. The new genus is placed into the subfamily Psaphidinae, tribe Psaphidini. It is most closely related to the genus Diphtherocome Warren.
On the genus Tylorida Simon, 1894 with the first record of the genus Atelidea Simon, 1895 from India (Araneae: Tetragnathidae, Leucauginae)
Authors: SANKARAN PRADEEP M. , MALAMEL JOBI J. , JOSEPH MATHEW M. , SEBASTIAN POTHALIL A.
Published: November 2017

The tetragnathid spider genus Tylorida Simon, 1894 is reviewed in India. The relationship of Tylorida with Orsinome Thorell, 1890 is discussed and illustrated. The taxonomic significance of male chelicerae of Tylorida spp. is discussed and an identification key based on the features of male chelicerae to separate Indian Tylorida spp. is provided. A new species, Tylorida flava sp. nov. is described and illustrated. Two new transfers and four new synonyms are proposed: Orsinome marmorea Pocock, 1901 and Tylorida culta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) are transferred to Tylorida and Mesida Kulczyn'ski, 1911 respectively, Tylorida cylindrata (Wang, 1991) and Tylorida sataraensis Kulkarni, 2014 are synonymised with Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) comb. nov., Tylorida nicobarensis (Tikader, 1977) is synonymised with Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) and Leucauge pondae Tikader, 1970 is synonymised with Tylorida ventralis (Thorell, 1877). The biology, natural history and intraspecific variations of T. marmorea comb. nov. are noted. The occurrence of intraspecific variations and colour polymorphism in T. ventralis is discussed and two colour morphs (Silver and Yellow morphs) and three varieties (varieties I, II & III) for the species are recognised. Additionally, the genus Atelidea Simon, 1895 is recorded for the first time from India and provided the description and illustration of Atelidea nona sp. nov.. The current distribution of Atelidea is mapped.
Descriptions of new species of the genera Camptochaeta Hippa & Vilkamaa and Corynoptera Winnertz (Diptera, Sciaridae) from the Holarctic
Authors: VILKAMAA PEKKA , MENZEL FRANK
Published: November 2017

Six species of the genus Camptochaeta Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994 and four of the genus Corynoptera Winnertz, 1867 from the Holarctic region are newly described and illustrated: Camptochaeta chilkatensis sp. n. (USA: Alaska), C. curtipilosa sp. n. (USA: Colorado), C. exquisita sp. n. (USA: Oregon), C. fitzgeraldi sp. n. (USA: Oregon), C. fulvistylata sp. n. (Canada: British Columbia), C. pertenuis sp. n. (Russia: Krasnodarsk region), Corynoptera bocheri sp. n. (Greenland; Canada: Quebec), C. hyperborea sp. n. (Russia: Krasnodarsk region), C. hystricina sp. n. (RUSSIA: Krasnodarsk region) and C. tenuichaeta sp. n. (Russia: Krasnodarsk region).
Arterial spin labeling for the measurement of cerebral perfusion and angiography
Authors: Jezzard Peter , Chappell Michael A , Okell Thomas W
Published: November 2017

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is an MRI technique that was first proposed a quarter of a century ago. It offers the prospect of non-invasive quantitative measurement of cerebral perfusion, making it potentially very useful for research and clinical studies, particularly where multiple longitudinal measurements are required. However, it has suffered from a number of challenges, including a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio, and a confusing number of sequence variants, thus hindering its clinical uptake. Recently, however, there has been a consensus adoption of an accepted acquisition and analysis framework for ASL, and thus a better penetration onto clinical MRI scanners. Here, we review the basic concepts in ASL and describe the current state-of-the-art acquisition and analysis approaches, and the versatility of the method to perform both quantitative cerebral perfusion measurement, along with quantitative cerebral angiographic measurement.
Occurrence of phosphatic corrosion products on bronze swords of the Warring States period buried at Lijiaba site in Chongqing, China
Authors: Fan Xiaopan , Freestone Ian C.
Published: November 2017

Corrosion products on three bronze swords found in tombs dating from the Warring States period at Lijiaba site, Yunyang county, Chongqing were characterized by Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopies. The major corrosion products were cuprite, malachite, cerussite and cassiterite, along with the copper and lead phosphates, libethenite and pyromorphite. The presence of libethenite and pyromorphite which have been reported infrequently in bronze corrosion products were attributed to the pH, humidity and phosphorus released by the decomposition of the adjacent bodies in the burial environment.
Developing a non-invasive tool to assess the impact of oxidation on the structural integrity of historic wool in Tudor tapestries
Authors: Kissi Nanette , Curran Katherine , Vlachou-Mogire Constantina , Fearn Tom , McCullough Lisa
Published: November 2017

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) can be a useful diagnostic tool in the assessment of quality in textile, agricultural and various other industries. In cultural heritage applications, NIR as a non-invasive assessment tool is advantageous for understanding the composition or degradation of fragile historic objects that cannot be sampled. The direct interpretation of measured NIR spectra is complicated by overlapping bands produced from overtone and combination bands of chemical bonds. However, in combination with multivariate partial least squares (PLS) models and principal component analysis, the physicochemical properties of historic materials can potentially be identified by calibrating against a measured component. In this research, wool fibres from a sacrificial collection of historic tapestry fragments housed at Hampton Court Palace were analysed. The cystine oxidation products of historic wools which can be related to the embrittlement of fibres and ultimately fibre loss, were recorded using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A PLS predictive model was then developed using previously measured NIR spectra for the same historic tapestry fragments to predict the ratios of the cystine oxidation species in historic wools measured in this research. The prediction of a validation set of historic tapestry fragments with known oxidation product ratios was found to be accurate to root mean squared errors of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.11 for cysteic acid/cystine dioxide, 0.03 for an oxidation ratio of cysteic acid/cystine monoxide and 0.06 for cystine dioxide/cystine monoxide. The model was applied successfully to an independent set of historic tapestry fragments with unknown oxidation ratios with an M-distance pass limit of 3. The models were also applied to NIR measurements of historic tapestries on open display with limited success. Alternative methods to investigate and account for errors in this research are proposed. The potential for NIR to be used by conservators as a non-invasive tool for the assessment of textiles, complementing current condition audit practices in use at heritage institutions is also discussed.
Implementation of a Learning Assistant Program Improves Student Performance on Higher-Order Assessments
Authors: Sellami Nadia , Shaked Shanna , Laski Frank A. , Eagan Kevin M. , Sanders Erin R.
Published: November 2017

Learning assistant (LA) programs have been implemented at a range of institutions, usually as part of a comprehensive curricular transformation accompanied by a pedagogical switch to active learning. While this shift in pedagogy has led to increased student learning gains, the positive effect of LAs has not yet been distinguished from that of active learning. To determine the effect that LAs would have beyond a student-centered instructional modality that integrated active learning, we introduced an LA program into a large-enrollment introductory molecular biology course that had already undergone a pedagogical transformation to a highly structured, flipped (HSF) format. We used questions from a concept test (CT) and exams to compare student performance in LA-supported HSF courses with student performance in courses without LAs. Students in the LA-supported course did perform better on exam questions common to both HSF course modalities but not on the CT. In particular, LA-supported students’ scores were higher on common exam questions requiring higher-order cognitive skills, which LAs were trained to foster. Additionally, underrepresented minority (URM) students particularly benefited from LA implementation. These findings suggest that LAs may provide additional learning benefits to students beyond the use of active learning, especially for URM students.
Characterizing the two principal rock types comprising the Woodford Shale resource play: Application to shale geomechanics
Authors: Becerra Daniela , Galvis Henry , Slatt Roger
Published: November 2017

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis and documentation of a popular outcrop (roadcut) of the Woodford Shale, known as the I-35 outcrop. At the bed scale, based on outcrop weathering responses, the lithology of the Woodford Shale is cyclically represented by two distinctive, intercalated rock types: soft (incompetent, ductile) siliceous shales and hard (competent, brittle) cherts. The detailed geologic characterization integrated results from several laboratory techniques: X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, total organic carbon (TOC), thin-section petrography, scanning electron microscopy, rock hardness, and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests. Experimentally, soft beds are ductile because they sustained significant plastic deformation before failure on UCS tests; these beds are finely laminated, clay-rich ([Formula: see text]), have very high TOC content ([Formula: see text]), very high concentrations of organic proxies (Mo, U) and detrital proxies (Ti, Zr, K, Al), and low Si/Al ratios. In contrast, hard beds are brittle because they sustained little to no plastic deformation before failure; these beds are massive (not visibly laminated), quartz-rich ([Formula: see text]), and have lower TOC content ([Formula: see text]), lower organic proxies (Mo, U), and lower detrital proxies (Ti, Zr, K, Al). The results from our study attest the outcrop-based distinction between soft and hard beds, as determined by systematic contrasts in composition, rock fabric, and mechanical properties. In addition, our results provide insights for the prediction of rock properties for the two principal rock types within the Woodford Shale, giving rise to speculation that if a proper physical distinction is made between soft and hard beds in cores or outcrops, few samples would work well for upscaling rock properties within larger intervals with incomplete sets of data, thus helping to reduce the costs/time related to acquiring large data sets. In addition, observations from this and other outcrops indicate the potentially best horizontal targets are those with approximately equal proportions of the two rock types.
Το τέλος του χαρισματικού; Πολιτική κρίση, χαρισματική ηγεσία και δημοκρατία στην Ελλάδα του 20ού αιώνα
Authors: Παππάς Τάκης Σ.
Published: November 2017

Ο ελληνικός 20ός αιώνας έχει να επιδείξει μακρά σειρά χαρισματικών ηγετών. Το άρθρο αναλύει έξι χαρακτηριστικές εμφανίσεις του φαινομένου και προτείνει δύο θεωρητικά υποδείγματα ερμηνείας του με συγκριτικό ενδιαφέρον. Στο πρώτο υπόδειγμα, η κρίση προϋπάρχει του χαρισματικού. Πρόκειται για πραγματικές εθνικές κρίσεις μετά την εκδήλωση των οποίων το επαπειλούμενο έθνος προσκαλεί στην εξουσία τον θεωρούμενο ως χαρισματικό, στον οποίο αναθέτει την επίλυση της κρίσης. Στο δεύτερο υπόδειγμα, το οποίο απαντά σε πολιτικά καθεστώτα με ασθενή θεσμοθέτηση, ο χαρισματικός προϋπάρχει της κρίσης. Ηγέτες με χαρισματικές ιδιότητες, επιτυγχάνοντας να παρουσιάσουν την πολιτική πραγματικότητα ως ευρισκόμενη σε πραγματική κρίση, αναδεικνύονται σε εντολοδόχους ευρέων μαζών με σκοπό να «σώσουν» τη δημοκρατία. Αυτό συχνά καταλήγει σε πραγματική εθνική κρίση. Η πρόσφατη έκλειψη χαρισματικών ηγετών στην Ελλάδα πρέπει μάλλον να αποδοθεί στην έλλειψη συνθηκών κρίσης -είτε πραγματικής είτε κατασκευασμένης.
Έθνος και Εθνικισμός. Συνοπτική επισκόπηση ενός σύγχρονου επιστημονικού διαλόγου
Authors: Χατζόπουλος Μάριος
Published: November 2017

Σκοπός αυτού του άρθρου είναι να προσφέρει μια αδρή εικόνα του σύγχρονου επιστημονικού διάλογου και των ποικίλων προσεγγίσεων για το Έθνος και τον Εθνικισμό. Παρουσιάζονται οι υπάρχουσες προσεγγίσεις ομαδοποιημένες κατά σχολές, καταγράφονται τα γενικά χαρακτηριστικά που δομούν τη θέση της κάθε σχολής και εντοπίζονται τα δυνατά και τα αδύνατα σημεία της. Η συνύπαρξη διαφορετικών απόψεων, που αφορμώνται από διαφορετικές θεωρητικές αφετηρίες και καταλήγουν σε εξίσου διαφορετικές ερμηνείες, υπογραμμίζει τον πλουραλισμό της σχετικής συζήτησης αλλά, παράλληλα, καταδεικνύει και τα αδιέξοδά της. Η παρουσίαση κλείνει με τις προοπτικές που διαμορφώνονται σε σχέση με τη συζήτηση και το αντικείμενό της, εντάσσοντας τη μεν συζήτηση σε ένα ευρύτερο μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο, το δε αντικείμενο σε ένα πραγματολογικό πλαίσιο με αναφορά στις διαδικασίες της παγκοσμιοποίησης.
Νίκος Πουλαντζάς In Memoriam
Authors: Καπετανγιάννης Βασίλης
Published: November 2017

[Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη / no abstract available]
Σύγχρονες τάσεις στη θεωρία της ιδεολογίας: Κριτική της ιδεολογίας και αποδόμηση
Authors: Μαυρίδης Ηρακλής
Published: November 2017

Σε αυτή την εργασία εξετάζουμε μερικές από τις σύγχρονες μεταμαρξιστικές και μεταδομιστικές προσεγγίσεις στη θεωρία της ιδεολογίας, και ειδικά αυτή του Μισέλ Φουκώ και του Ερνέστο Λακλάου, που η κάθε μια από τη μεριά της επισημαίνει διαφορετικά προβλήματα των κλασικών θεωρήσεων της ιδεολογίας. Επισημαίνουμε ειδικά το πρόβλημα του ορισμού και της θεμελίωσης της έννοιας της ιδεολογίας ως έννοιας παραγνώρισης. Ακολούθως προχωράμε σε κάποιες σκέψεις σχετικά με τις πιθανές σχέσεις μεταξύ της κριτικής της ιδεολογίας και των στρατηγικών της αποδόμησης (Ζακ Ντεριντά) για να συμπεράνουμε τελικά ότι η αποδόμηση, κάτω από συγκεκριμένες προϋποθέσεις και όρους -στο βαθμό δηλαδή που θα μπορέσει να πάρει υπόψη της το ζήτημα του ανταγωνισμού, της εξουσίας και της ηγεμονίας- μπορεί να παίξει τον ρόλο μιας κριτικής της ιδεολογίας.
Γ. Γ. Βαληνάκης - K. Ε. Μπότσιου, Διεθνείς σχέσεις και στρατηγική στην πυρηνική εποχή
Authors: Χατζηβασιλείου Ευάνθης
Published: November 2017

[Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη / no abstract available]
Causes, assessment and management of fatigue in critically ill patients
Authors: Cajanding Ruff JM
Published: November 2017

Fatigue is a common complaint among hospitalised patients and is one of the most prevalent and distressing symptoms reported by critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Fatigue comes in many forms, is associated with a wide range of aetiologies, and is aggravated and intensified by a multitude of environmental and situational factors present in the intensive care environment. While assessing and evaluating fatigue is key to the effective management of this distressing symptom, reports have shown that fatigue assessment in the ICU is suboptimal and patients are often left suffering from its untoward consequences. Furthermore, the experience of fatigue that originates in the initial ICU admission often persists months to years after being discharged, and this has been shown to be associated with worse patient outcomes. Nurses are in an ideal position to identify, diagnose and evaluate patients who may be at risk of experiencing fatigue and put in place interventions as necessary. This article aims to discuss the incidence, causes, and clinical implications of fatigue among ICU patients and discuss ways in which nurses can effectively assess, diagnose, evaluate, manage and treat patient's fatigue within the ICU environment.
Regulating the nursing associate profession
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: November 2017

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, University of Southampton, discusses the Government's consultation on changes to the Nursing and Midwifery Order 2001 and the legislation to regulate nursing associates
Report card on the Care Quality Commission
Authors: Tingle John
Published: November 2017

John Tingle, Associate Professor (Teaching and Scholarship), Nottingham Trent University, discusses the work and role of the Care Quality Commission through the lens of the National Audit Office report
Flagging up flu vaccination
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: November 2017

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers the campaign for staff flu vaccination, ways to promote uptake and the thorny issue of opt-out
Nerve transfer to biceps to restore elbow flexion and supination in children with obstetrical brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Murison J. , Jehanno P. , Fitoussi F.
Published: November 2017

Purpose

Nerve transfers to restore elbow flexion have been described for traumatic brachial plexus palsy in adults. Indications are less frequent in infants and the results are less published.

Methods

Ten patients with obstetrical brachial plexus palsy were operated on for lack of flexion against gravity with ulnar or median nerve transfer to biceps motor branch. The primary endpoint was improvement in elbow flexion and supination.

Results

Mean age at surgery was 12.5 months and mean follow-up was 2.6 years. The Active Movement Scale (AMS) was used to evaluate elbow flexion and forearm supination. At the last follow-up, the average AMS score improved from 0.3 to 5.7 for elbow flexion and from 0.6 to 5.8 for forearm supination. There was no statistical correlation between the age at surgery and the AMS score 18 months post-operatively.

Conclusions

Nerve transfer to the biceps motor branch can improve elbow flexion and forearm supination in selected patients with upper lesions and can be safely performed until the age of two years.
Indications for hydrodilatation for frozen shoulder
Authors: Rymaruk S. , Peach C.
Published: November 2017

Frozen shoulder causes significant functional disability and pain in a population group constituted by patients who are often middle-aged and working. Frozen shoulder remains poorly understood. The available literature is limited and often prone to bias. A rapid, non-surgical and cost-effective treatment that reduces pain and restores function is an attractive option. Hydrodilatation is a potential first-line treatment of frozen shoulder in secondary care.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:462–468. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160061
New Ecuadorian cinema: Small, glocal and plurinational
Authors: Coryat Diana , Zweig Noah
Published: November 2017

This article conceptualizes New Ecuadorian cinema as small, glocal and plurinational. It makes the case that it is a propitious time to study this emergent cinema. However, while it is a heterogeneous film scene, this article argues that it is still traversed by long-standing ethno-racial, class and regional inequalities. After inserting Ecuador’s largely unknown film history into regional trends, different spheres of production are analysed, including mestizo fictionalized narratives, activist documentaries, indigenous and community filmmaking and coastal ‘guerilla’ filmmaking. The article looks at both the accomplishments of the sector and current challenges. It proposes that more state and private funds invest in fostering plurinational and regional initiatives, and cultivating diverse makers and audiences.
Organisational Metamodel for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems: First Steps Towards Modelling Organisation Dynamics
Authors: OkreŠa Ðuri? Bogdan
Published: November 2017

The research presented in this paper is a thesis proposal with the main goal of defining an ontology comprising chosen organisational concepts applicable to large-scale multiagent systems (LSMAS), and building a metamodel for modelling selected organisational features in such systems. The method of applying aspects of human organisations to multiagent systems (MAS) comprising autonomous intelligent agents will be enriched through this research with a new perspective of modelling organisation dynamics in LSMAS. Results of this research, in their final version, will be tested using testbed scenarios based on a specific massively multi-player online role-playing game (MMORPG), since MMORPGs are one of the identified application domains of LSMAS. It is important to note that results described in this paper showcase partial results in their early stage of development. Nevertheless, first traces of a modelling tool that is expected to aid in development of LSMAS for numerous application domains, and ease their organisational design, are recognisable in the proposed combination of ontology engineering, metamodelling and code generating methods.
Malware propagation in Wireless Sensor Networks: global models vs Individual-based models
Authors: Martín Del Rey Ángel , Batista F. K. , Queiruga Dios A.
Published: November 2017

The main goal of this work is to propose a new framework to design a novel family of mathematical models to simulate malware spreading in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). An analysis of the proposed models in the scientific literature reveals that the great majority are global models based on systems of ordinary differential equations such that they do not consider the individual characteristics of the sensors and their local interactions. This is a major drawback when WSNs are considered. Taking into account the main characteristics of WSNs (elements and topologies of network, life cycle of the nodes, etc.) it is shown that individual-based models are more suitable for this purpose than global ones. The main features of this new type of malware propagation models for WSNs are stated.
Avaliação do saneamento ambiental por meio da proposição e aplicação de índices de percepção e satisfação populacional
Authors: Menezes Filho Frederico Carlos Martins de , Rodrigues Ana Luiza Melo
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor índices relacionados à satisfação e à percepção da população quanto aos serviços prestados de saneamento ambiental. Denominados, respectivamente, de índice de percepção geral (IPG) e índice de satisfação geral (ISG), estes índices objetivam proporcionar aos gestores municipais ou à companhia de saneamento, uma visão mais realista do saneamento ambiental, ao considerar o usuário como cerne para melhoria dos serviços. Para a realização desta pesquisa dispôs-se da elaboração e utilização de um questionário com questões objetivas sobre o saneamento. Os indicadores foram construídos tomando-se como estudo de caso os bairros de uma pequena cidade mineira. A média obtida para a cidade em relação ao índice de percepção geral (IPG) foi de 0,84, numa escala de 0 a 1, indicando alta percepção entre os munícipes sobre o saneamento. Quanto aos índices de satisfação aos componentes do saneamento, a variação entre os valores obtidos foi elevada. Para o índice de satisfação ao sistema de abastecimento de água (ISSA), o valor encontrado fora de 0,58, representativo das falhas pontuais no abastecimento ou intermitência do mesmo em alguns bairros da cidade. Valores baixos também corroboram os problemas municipais da limpeza urbana e manejo de águas pluviais, com o valor de 0,55 para o índice de satisfação da limpeza urbana (ISLU) e 0,29 para a drenagem (ISDU). Quanto ao índice de satisfação ao sistema de esgotamento sanitário (ISES), caracterizando a cobertura da rede, o valor fora de 0,93. Tais resultados, obtidos em nível de bairro, possibilitam à gestão municipal e à concessionária, um diagnóstico do saneamento por meio da percepção e satisfação dos usuários apontando bairros com deficiências e que necessitam de intervenções para melhoria da prestação dos serviços.
Uso de fotólise direta e H2O2/UV em solução aquosa contendo o corante violeta cristal
Authors: Carneiro da Silva Lucas Rafael , Lima da Silva Thalena , Pereira de Araújo Francisca , Filho Edson Cavalcanti da Silva , Osajima Josy Anteveli
Published: November 2017

Neste trabalho, investigou-se a descoloração do corante Violeta Cristal (VC) por meio de fotólise direta e peroxidação fotoassistida em reator aberto à atmosfera sob irradiação UV, tendo como fonte de radiação uma lâmpada sem bulbo vapor de mercúrio de 125W E27. O intervalo ótimo de fotólise do corante VC foi de 7,0 x 10-6 mol.L-1, apresentando uma porcentagem de descoloração em torno a 12, 37 e 25% maior em comparação com as demais concentrações, e o acompanhamento da variação da Absorbância x Tempo (min) por meio das curvas confirmou que de fato essa foi a concentração que mais descoloriu. Analisou-se o efeito de H2O2 na descoloração da solução aquosa do corante VC a 9,0 x 10-6 mol.L-1, e concluiu-se que a adição desse oxidante beneficiou o processo de fotólise.
A mixed methods study of “English Corners” funded by the Taiwan Ministry of Education “Program for Promoting Teaching Excellence of Universities”
Authors: Reynolds Barry Lee
Published: November 2017

This investigation explored Taiwanese university students’ and professors’ perceptions of the effectiveness of “English Corner” in improving second language ability. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected through student attendee questionnaires (n=256); teaching logs (n=2); and teaching excellence university professor questionnaires (n=70). Item analysis and factor analysis was conducted to uncover factors affecting students’ perceptions of English Corner and qualitative content analysis using In Vivo and Emotion coding revealed themes affecting “English Corner” success or failure. Overall, findings indicate “English Corner” has the most influence on students’ willingness to speak in English and their enjoyment in speaking English. These results are encouraged by administration supported flexible teachers that apply various scaffolding techniques during lessons. However, analysis also indicated that success of “English Corner” is highly contextualized, with professors from teaching excellence universities possessing a dichotomized view of “English Corner” effectiveness.