bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whole exome sequencing reveals a homozygous nonsense mutation in HEXA gene leading to Tay-Sachs disease in Saudi Family
Authors: Naseer Muhammad Imran , Abdulkareem Angham Abdulrahman , Jan Mohammed Mohammed , Chaudhary Adeel G. , Al-Qahtani Mohammad H.
Published: August 2020

Objective: To study the causative variants in affected member of a Saudi family with Tay-Sachs disorder. This disorder includes paralysis, decreasing in attentiveness, seizures, blindness, motor deterioration progresses rapidly leading to a completely unresponsive state and a cherry-red spot visible on the eye.

Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing was performed to study the variant leading to the disease.

Results: WES data analysis and Sanger sequencing validation, identifies a homozygous nonsense mutation c.1177C>T, p.Arg393Ter as a result in protein change. This mutation was also studied in 100 unrelated healthy controls.

Conclusions: We detected homozygous mutation in HEXA gene that may lead to cause Tay-Sachs disorder. Moreover, explain the possibility that HEXA gene may play important role for multiple aspects of normal human neurodevelopment.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2579

How to cite this:Naseer MI, Abdulkareem AA, Jan MM, Chaudhary AG, Al-Qahtani MH. Whole exome sequencing reveals a homozygous nonsense mutation in HEXA gene leading to Tay-Sachs disease in Saudi Family. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1425-1428.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2579

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Morphological and genetic evaluation of the thumbprint emperor, Lethrinus harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans
Authors: Afrisal Muhammad , Iwatsuki Yukio , Burhanuddin Andi Iqbal
Published: August 2020

Background: The Lethrinidae (emperors) include many important food fish species. Accurate determination of species and stocks is important for fisheries management. The taxonomy of the genus Lethrinus is problematic, for example with regards to the identification of the thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak. Little research has been done on L. harak diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and genetic characters of the thumbprint emperor, L. harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

Methods: This research was conducted in the Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, and Division of Fisheries Science, University of Miyazaki. Morphometric character measurements were based on holotype character data, while genetic analysis was performed on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence data. Morphometric data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests in MINITAB, and genetic data were analysed in MEGA 6.

Results: Statistical test results based on morphometric characters revealed groupings largely representative of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Seychelles was separated from other Indian Ocean sites and Australian populations were closer to the Pacific than the Indian Ocean group. The genetic distance between the groups was in the low category (0.000 - 0.042). The phylogenetic topology reconstruction accorded well with the morphometric character analysis, with two main L. harak clades representing Indian and Pacific Ocean, and Australia in the Pacific Ocean clade.

Conclusions: These results indicate that geographical and environmental factors can affect the morphometric and genetic characteristics of L. harak.
Poor eating habits and predictors of weight gain during the COVID-19 quarantine measures in Kuwait: a cross sectional study
Authors: AlMughamis Nouf , AlAsfour Shaimaa , Mehmood Shariq
Published: August 2020

Background: Despite the public health importance of documenting the burden of physical inactivity and weight gain, there is a paucity of such data in Kuwait during the lockdown for Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, this survey was designed to estimate: the burden of poor eating habits particularly binge eating habits, fluctuations in weight and its predictors among the Kuwaiti public.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2nd to 12th April 2020 among the general public in Kuwait. All data were collected through a social media platform (WhatsApp groups), through convenience and snowball sampling methods. The survey comprised three sections: a) demographic characteristics of respondents, b) eating habits particularly binge eating, consumption of snacks and beverages c) subjective feelings of anxiety and d) weight before and during the pandemic. All data were analyzed using SPSS (v.25).

Results: There was a total of 522 valid respondents, with a mean age of 41.78 (11.75) years. There was a significant increase in weight of respondents during the quarantine (mean difference= -1.13, SD 5.39, t= -4.52, p < 0.001). Those with reporting unhealthy diets were 4.5 times more likely to report an increase in weight. Those reporting having anxiety throughout the day were 2.45 times more likely and those consuming snacks excessively were associated with 3.27 times higher odds of increase in weight than those not consuming it.

Conclusions: We recommend that authorities develop a strategic plan to counter harmful effects of this pandemic on health that are originating from sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy eating patterns and psychological issues.
Utilizing passive sensing data to provide personalized psychological care in low-resource settings
Authors: Byanjankar Prabin , Poudyal Anubhuti , Kohrt Brandon A , Maharjan Sujen Man , Hagaman Ashley , van Heerden Alastair
Published: August 2020

Background: With the growing ubiquity of smartphones and wearable devices, there is an increased potential of collecting passive sensing data in mobile health. Passive data such as physical activity, Global Positioning System (GPS), interpersonal proximity, and audio recordings can provide valuable insight into the lives of individuals. In mental health, these insights can illuminate behavioral patterns, creating exciting opportunities for mental health service providers and their clients to support pattern recognition and problem identification outside of formal sessions. In the Sensing Technologies for Maternal Depression Treatment in Low Resource Settings (StandStrong) project, our aim was to build an mHealth application to facilitate the delivery of psychological treatments by lay counselors caring for adolescent mothers with depression in Nepal.

Methods: This paper describes the development of the StandStrong platform comprising the StandStrong Counselor application, and a cloud-based processing system, which can incorporate any tool that generates passive sensing data. We developed the StandStrong Counselor application that visualized passively collected GPS, proximity, and activity data. In the app, GPS data displays as heat maps, proximity data as charts showing the mother and child together or apart, and mothers’ activities as activity charts. Lay counselors can use the StandStrong application during counseling sessions to discuss mothers’ behavioral patterns and clinical progress over the course of a five-week counseling intervention. Awards based on collected data also can be automatically generated and sent to mothers. Additionally, messages can be sent from counselors to mother’s personal phones through the StandStrong platform.

Discussion: The StandStrong platform has the potential to improve the quality and effectiveness of psychological services delivered by non-specialists in diverse global settings.
Children and young people's experiences of living with developmental coordination disorder/dyspraxia: study protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: O'Dea Áine , Coote Susan , Robinson Katie
Published: August 2020

Background

Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) face significant challenges to deal with everyday activities due to underlying motor proficiency difficulties. These challenges affect children and young people’s participation; that is, involvement in daily life situations. A small body of qualitative research  has explored the experiences of children and young people with DCD from their own perspective. Therfore, understanding what it is like to live with DCD is not well conceptualised in the literature. There is a pressing need to synthesise the findings of discrete qualitative studies to advance the conceptual understanding of living with DCD, to inform health service delivery and the development and implementation of complex interventions.

Aim

This study aims to systematically review and synthesise qualitative literature regarding children and young people’s experiences and views of everyday life and living with DCD.

Methods

The method of qualitative evidence synthesis that will be followed in this review is a meta-ethnography. The eMERGe and PRISMA reporting guidelines will be adhered to. Ten databases will be searched; Academic Search Complete, AMED, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsychArticles, PsychInfo, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist will be used by two independent reviewers to appraise all included papers.

Discussion

The findings of this meta-ethnography will endeavour to inform future research, policy and practice. In particular, the results will help to inform the design of future complex interventions to meet the needs of children and young people with DCD. Dissemination will involve the publication of the results in a peer-reviewed journal. Increasingly researchers and policymakers are calling for services to be informed by the perspective and voice of children with DCD. Therefore, a policy brief will be published so that the findings are widely available.

Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42019129178; registered on 09 July 2019.
Mapping the use of Group-Based Trajectory Modelling in medication adherence research: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Walsh Caroline A. , Mucherino Sara , Orlando Valentina , Bennett Kathleen E. , Menditto Enrica , Cahir Caitriona
Published: August 2020

The use of group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) within the medication adherence literature is rapidly growing. Researchers are adopting enhanced methods to analyse and visualise dynamic behaviours, such as medication adherence, within ‘real-world’ populations. Application of GBTM based on longitudinal adherence behaviour allows for the identification of adherence trajectories or groups.  A group is conceptually thought of a collection of individuals who follow a similar pattern of adherence behaviour over a period of time. A common obstacle faced by researchers when implementing GBTM is deciding on the number of trajectory groups that may exist within a population. Decision-making can introduce subjectivity, as there is no ‘gold standard’ for model selection criteria.

This study aims to examine the extent and nature of existing evidence on the application of GBTM for medication adherence assessment, providing an overview of the different GBTM techniques used in the literature.

The methodological framework will consist of five stages: i) identify the research question(s); ii) identify relevant studies; iii) select studies; iv) chart the data and finally, v) collate, summarise and report the results. Original peer-reviewed articles, published in English, describing observational and interventional studies including both concepts and/or sub-concepts of GBTM and medication adherence or any other similar terms, will be included. The following databases will be queried: PubMed/MEDLINE; Embase (Ovid); SCOPUS; ISI Web of Science and PsychInfo. This scoping review will utilise the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) tool to report results.

This scoping review will collect and schematise different techniques in the application of GBTM for medication adherence assessment available in the literature to date, identifying research and knowledge gaps in this area. This review can represent an important tool for future research, providing methodological support to researchers carrying out a group-based trajectory analysis to assess medication adherence in a real-world context.
Scientific Potential of the Teacher: in a Specialized School and College
Authors: Bychkov Anatoliy
Published: August 2020

The effectiveness of the educational process in a modern College largely depends on the level of scientific potential of teachers. Scientific potential is shown in the development of educational programs and methods of conducting classes. The scientific content of College education contributes to the formation of professional competencies of the future mid-level specialist in demand on the labor market. At the same time, it is equally important to conduct advanced training of personnel, taking into account the new technological structure that is emerging in our country and in the world. The continuity of the educational process in the profile school with the content of education in the College will contribute to the successful entry of former students into the system of secondary vocational education.
Sorvete com extrato hidrossolúvel de arroz: análise físico-química e sensorial
Authors: Storck Cátia Regina , Montagner Giane Engel
Published: August 2020

Introdução: Devido ao fato de que muitas pessoas são intolerantes à lactose, novas propostas de preparações dietéticas com bons atributos sensoriais e isentas deste dissacarídeo são necessárias para garantir bem-estar e qualidade de vida para estes indivíduos. Objetivo: desenvolver sorvete com extrato hidrossolúvel de arroz. Método: Foram produzidos sorvetes com 50% e 100% de substituição do leite bovino por extrato hidrossolúvel de arroz em dois sabores (morango e chocolate). Os métodos para o desenvolvimento deste estudo basearam-se na análise físico-química do sorvete, bem como a análise sensorial para definir o nível de aceitação do produto e preferência por parte dos consumidores. Resultados: Os sorvetes de extrato hidrossolúvel de arroz, tanto de chocolate, como de morango obtiveram maiores teores de carboidratos e menores valores energéticos, devido ao fato de ter menor teor de proteína e lipídio, em comparação com o sorvete feito com leite bovino. Obteve-se boa aceitação, sendo que o sorvete de 50% extrato de arroz sabor morango não obteve diferença significativa do sorvete com 100% de leite de bovino, em relação à preferência. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o sorvete com extrato hidrossolúvel de arroz é um produto com boas características nutricionais e tem boa aceitação, podendo ser uma opção para pessoas intolerantes à lactose.
Comparação entre práticas relatadas da abordagem do baby-led weaning e a tradicional para a realização da alimentação complementar
Authors: Laudelino Vieira Viviane , Angelo Lemes Vanicolli Bruna , Rapley Gill
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Comparar as características da alimentação complementar de lactentes cujas mães referiram praticar o baby-led weaning com aquelas que relataram utilização da abordagem tradicional. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo descritivo com entrevistas online de mães de bebês de 1 a 2 anos, convidadas via redes sociais a preencherem formulário contendo dados socioeconômicos, de aleitamento materno e relativos à alimentação complementar. As diferenças entre os grupos foi verificada por meio dos teste t ou do qui-quadrado. Resultados: Foram identificadas 208 entrevistadas (57,9%) que relataram usar a abordagem tradicional e 151 (42,1%), o baby-led weaning. Dos bebês em baby-led weaning, 84,1% mantinham-se em aleitamento materno, contra 56,2% em abordagem tradicional, e foram menos expostos a fórmulas, espessantes, mamadeiras e chupetas (p<0,05). Quanto à alimentação complementar, 7,3% do grupo baby-led weaning iniciou antes dos 6 meses, comparados aos 23,1% do grupo abordagem tradicional (p<0,05). Observaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significantes para a idade de introdução da maioria dos grupos de alimentos, para utilização de produtos ultraprocessados, sucos, açúcar e sal. Aqueles em baby-led weaning chegaram, significativamente, aos 12 meses com diferenças quanto a compartilhar a comida da família (71,5% vs 11,5%), sentar-se adequadamente à mesa (89,4% vs 66,8%) e utilizando a consistência adequada dos alimentos (74,2% vs 62,0%). Conclusão: No presente estudo, lactentes cujas mães relataram realizar o baby-led weaning caracterizaram-se pela introdução de alimentos atendendo às recomendações nacionais comparados àqueles que foram expostos à abordagem tradicional.
Atitudes de enfermeiros de equipe da Saúde da Família em relação à obesidade
Authors: Geissler Maria Eduarda , Korz Vanessa
Published: August 2020

Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença multifatorial, crônica e um grande problema de saúde pública. Há muitos estigmas e estereótipos empregados à essa patologia e os pacientes obesos são, muitas vezes, considerados preguiçosos, incompetentes e responsáveis pelo seu ganho de peso. Os profissionais de saúde são relatados pelos pacientes como uma das principais fontes de aplicação desse estigma. Objetivo: Avaliar as atitudes dos enfermeiros em relação aos indivíduos obesos. Método: Foram convidados todos os enfermeiros das 66 equipes de Saúde da Família de Blumenau – SC para a participação na pesquisa. A coleta de dados incluiu a aplicação da Escala de Atitudes Antiobesidade com 34 questões, além de um questionário de entrevista estruturada elaborado pelos autores e auto preenchido com dados sociodemográficos e de saúde, com 14 questões, dentre elas peso e altura relatados pelos participantes para cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal. Resultados: Participaram 42 enfermeiros, com predomínio do sexo feminino, estado nutricional prevalente de sobrepeso e a maioria relatou histórico de sobrepeso ou obesidade. Na Escala de Atitudes Antiobesidade, a maior média foi da subescala ‘controle de peso e culpa’, havendo associação estatisticamente significativa à afirmação ‘a maioria dos gordos compram muita besteira (‘junkfood’)’ com o fato de os participantes se considerarem com excesso de peso atualmente (p<0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que os profissionais apresentam algumas atitudes antiobesidade frente a obesidade.
Microsecond pulse-mode operation of a micro-integrated high-power external-cavity tapered diode laser at 808  nm
Authors: Chi Mingjun , Müller André , Hansen Anders K. , Jensen Ole B. , Petersen Paul M. , Sumpf Bernd
Published: August 2020

We investigate microsecond pulse-mode operation of a micro-integrated high-power diode laser based on volume Bragg grating external-cavity feedback around 808 nm. The laser system contains a tapered amplifier consisting of a ridge-waveguide section and a tapered section with separated electrical contacts. Thus, the diode laser system can be pulsed by modulating the injected current either to the ridge waveguide section (

I

R
W

) or to the tapered amplifier section (

I

T
A

). With a trigger signal of a 50 µs pulse width and a 10 kHz repetition rate, comparing the modulation depth, peak output power, beam propagation factor, and spectral bandwidth, we conclude that the pulse-mode operation achieved by modulating the

I

T
A

gives better results than by modulating the

I

R
W

due to the decreased thermal effect. At a constant

I

R
W

of 0.2 A and a modulated

I

T
A

of 6.0 A, 4.3 W of peak output power is obtained with an emission spectral bandwidth with an upper bound of 0.2 nm, and a beam propagation factor in the slow axis,

M

s
l
o
w

2

, of 2.6 (

1

/

e

2

). The modulation depth is almost 100%. The results show that the tapered diode laser system may be a good candidate for microsecond pulse-mode solid-state lasers.
Generation of subdiffraction longitudinal bifoci by shaping a radially polarized wave
Authors: Wu Zhixiang , Deng Hu , Li Xiaoxia , Liu Quancheng , Shang Liping
Published: August 2020

Lenses with two or more foci along the longitudinal direction exhibit immense potential in several optical applications. In this study, we propose an approach for generating subdiffraction longitudinal bifoci by binary-phase bifocal super-oscillatory lenses (SOLs), which are realized by simple AND operation between two single-foci SOLs with different focal lengths. Three bifocal SOLs with

r
a
d
i
u
s

R
l
e
n
s

=

70

λ

are designed at an operating wavelength of

λ
=

118.8

µ

m

. Simulation results demonstrate that the minimum full width at half maximum (FWHM) is

0.397

λ

, and the maximum FWHM is

0.449

λ

, which is still smaller than the Abbe diffraction limit of

0.510

λ

, while all the sidelobe ratios are small (

<

15.1

%

). By properly choosing the focal length of the single-foci SOLs in the design process, the distance between the two foci can be easily controlled. Significantly, the generated bifoci with relatively uniform intensity contain a strong longitudinal electric field, which indicates their excellent prospects in optical imaging, particle acceleration, and other optical applications. In addition, the proposed bifoci-SOLs are based on the binary phase modulation, which facilitates easy fabrication compared with other approaches. These outstanding properties indicate the wide application prospects of bifocal SOLs.
Controlled soliton formation in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator with positive group delay dispersion
Authors: Stasevičius I. , Vengris M.
Published: August 2020

Soliton formation in a femtosecond optical parametric pumped by the second harmonic of a Yb: KGW solid-state oscillator was investigated. The intracavity group delay dispersion was positive, and the soliton condition was satisfied by introducing negative nonlinearity from cascaded quadratic nonlinearity (CQN). Controllable CQN was induced by an additional second-harmonic-generating nonlinear crystal inside the same resonator. Close to zero-phase mismatch, high CQN allows higher-order soliton formation, which leads to output power increase, self-phase modulation phase-matched dispersive wave formation, pulse splitting under perturbations of higher orders of nonlinear phase, and stable time/spectral domain oscillations with soliton period. Numerical simulations were employed to aid interpretations of the experimental data.
Integration model of POSP measurement spatial response function
Authors: Lei Xuefeng , Zhu Shuangshuang , Li Zhenyang , Hong Jin , Liu Zhenhai , Tao Fei , Zou Peng , Song Maoxin , Li Congfei
Published: August 2020

The particulate observing scanning polarimeter (POSP) measurement spatial response function (SRF) relates to the weighted contribution of each location within the measurement footprint, which is determined by the percentage of the dwell time of each location on the Earth surface to the overall sampling integration time. The SRF resulting from a combination of the equally weighted instantaneous field of view (IFOV) during integration is required for an accurate modeling. Simply using a mean value SRF assuming an equivalent weight at each sampling position instead of the actual SRF will inevitably introduce errors. Considering the data fusion between POSP and high spatial resolution sensors, a discrete integration method that takes the effect of actual weights into account is proposed in this paper. The simulation results of the integral model and the mean value model show that the larger the intensity change in the sampling area covered by the IFOV of the POSP during a single sampling, the more significant the difference between the two results. Meanwhile, the integration SRF is validated by resampling the simultaneous imaging polarization camera (SIPC) data, which is compared with POSP data acquired at the same time in an aerial experiment. The results show that the integration SRF model is more accurate to characterize the details of POSP measurement than the mean value SRF model. The proposed SRF reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) of convolved results and measurements by 5∼30% with different radiance contrast scene.
Localized surface electromagnetic waves in CrI3-based magnetophotonic structures
Authors: Pervishko Anastasiia A. , Yudin Dmitry , Kumar Gudelli Vijay , Delin Anna , Eriksson Olle , Guo Guang-Yu
Published: August 2020

Resulting from strong magnetic anisotropy two-dimensional ferromagnetism was recently shown to be stabilized in chromium triiodide, CrI3, in the monolayer limit. While its properties remain largely unexplored, it provides a unique material-specific platform to unveil its electromagnetic properties associated with coupling of modes. Indeed, trigonal symmetry in the presence of out-of-plane magnetization results in a non-trivial structure of the conductivity tensor, including the off-diagonal terms. In this paper, we study the surface electromagnetic waves localized in a CrI3-based structure using the results of ab initio calculations for the CrI3 conductivity tensor. In particular, we provide an estimate for the critical angle corresponding to the surface plasmon polariton generation in the Kretschmann-Raether configuration by a detailed investigation of reflectance spectrum as well as the magnetic field distribution for different CrI3 layer thicknesses. We also study the bilayer structure formed by two CrI3 layers separated by a SiO2 spacer and show that the surface plasmon resonance can be achieved at the interface between CrI3 and air depending on the spacer thickness.
Improvement and stabilization of optical hydrogen sensing ability of Au-Pd alloys
Authors: Nishijima Yoshiaki , Kurotsu Takuma , Yamasaku Naoki , Takahashii Hajime , Kurihara Keisuke , Beni Takaaki , Okazaki Shinji , Arakawa Taro , Balčytis Armandas , Seniutinas Gediminas , Juodkazis Saulius
Published: August 2020

Formation of metal hydrides is a signature chemical property of hydrogen and it can be leveraged to enact both storage and detection of this technologically important yet extremely volatile gas. Palladium shows particular promise as a hydrogen storage medium as well as a platform for creating rapid and reliable H2 optical sensor devices. Furthermore, alloying Pd with other noble metals provides a technologically simple yet powerful way of enacting control over the structural and catalytic properties of the resultant material. Similarly, in addition to alloying, different top-down and bottom-up Pd nanostructuring methods have been proposed and investigated specifically for creating optical H2 sensors. In this work it was determined that the hydrogen sensing ability of a series of Pd-Au alloy films could be improved by way of a hydrogen over exposure (HOE) treatment. Structural investigation showed that the HOE treatment, in addition to irreversibly altering the film morphology, results in a 1 to 2% expansion in the lattice constant of the metal. By combining a cyclic HOE treatment and alloy aging through annealing, the hydrogen detection sensitivity and response rates of Pd-Au films could be stabilized so that their performance would no longer be appreciably affected by repeated hydrogen uptake and release cycles. This work takes a further step towards routine all-optical detection of part-per-million level hydrogen gas concentrations in Pd-Au alloy films and discussion of ways to enhance response rates is provided.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in a mono-isotopic 167Er:7LiYF4 crystal below 1 Kelvin: microwave photonics approach
Authors: Kukharchyk Nadezhda , Sholokhov Dmitriy , Morozov Oleg , Korableva Stella L. , Kalachev Alexey A. , Bushev Pavel A.
Published: August 2020

Electromagnetically induced transparency allows for the controllable change of absorption properties, which can be exploited in a number of applications including optical quantum memory. In this paper, we present a study of the electromagnetically induced transparency in a 167Er:7LiYF4 crystal at low magnetic fields and ultra-low temperatures. The experimental measurement scheme employs an optical vector network analysis that provides high precision measurement of amplitude, phase and group delay and paves the way towards full on-chip integration of optical quantum memory setups. We found that sub-Kelvin temperatures are the necessary requirement for observing electromagnetically induced transparency in this crystal at low fields. A good agreement between theory and experiment is achieved by taking into account the phonon bottleneck effect.
Single-shot ultrafast burst imaging using an integral field spectroscope with a microlens array
Authors: Nemoto Hirofumi , Suzuki Takakazu , Kannari Fumihiko
Published: August 2020

To fully utilize the functions of a center-wavelength-sweeping pulse train generated by a free-space angular-chirp-enhanced delay optical layout for a probe laser pulse in sequentially timed all-optical mapping photography (STAMP), we introduced an integral field spectroscopy (IFS) method using a microlens array (MLA) to produce hyperspectral images, referring to the technique as lens array (LA)-STAMP. Compared with the previous STAMP utilizing spectral filtering where a bandpass filter generated hyperspectral images, LA-STAMP achieved much higher optical throughput. In a prototype setup, we used a

60

×

60

MLA and demonstrated single-shot burst imaging of a femtosecond laser-induced ablation process on a glass surface with 300 ps frame intervals in a 1.8 ns time window. Each frame image was constructed by assembling spectrally dispersed

36

×

36

monochromatic segments distributed by each lenslet on

5

×

5

 pixels of a CCD camera. The spatial resolution was

∼

4.4

µ

m

, which was determined by the MLA’s pitch and the magnification of the microscope lens. We limited the number of frames to seven in this prototype setup, although it can be scaled to

∼

24

with a spatial resolution of

∼

1

µ

m

by designing IFS with a fine pitch MLA.
Effective discrimination of chiral molecules in a cavity
Authors: Kang Yi-Hao , Shi Zhi-Cheng , Song Jie , Xia Yan
Published: August 2020

We present a scheme to realize precise discrimination of chiral molecules in a cavity. Assisted by additional laser pulses, cavity fields can evolve into different coherence states with contrary-sign displacements according to the handedness of molecules. Consequently, the handedness of molecules can be read out with homodyne measurement on the cavity, and the successful probability is nearly unity without very strong cavity fields. Numerical results show that the scheme is insensitive to errors, noise, and decoherence. Therefore, the scheme may provide helpful perspectives for accurate discrimination of chiral molecules.
Heterodyne interferometry applied to the characterization of nonlinear integrated waveguides
Authors: Ibnoussina Meryem , Coillet Aurélien , Dory Jean-Baptiste , Jager Jean-Baptiste , Colman Pierre , Noé Pierre , Cluzel Benoit
Published: August 2020

We demonstrate that heterodyne interferometry makes it possible to accurately measure minute nonlinear phase shifts with little constraint on the propagation loss or chromatic dispersion. We apply this technique to characterize the effective nonlinearity of silicon nitride rib waveguides in the normal and anomalous dispersion regimes.
5D data iteration in a multi-wavelength OFDM-PON using the hyperchaotic system
Authors: Li Mingye , Liu Bo , Ullah Rahat , Ren Jianxin , Mao Yaya , Han Shun , Zhao Jianye , Tang Rong , Chen Shuaidong , Ling Jing
Published: August 2020

In this Letter, a novel five-dimensional (5D) data-iteration-based encryption model is proposed at physical layer for multi-wavelength optical frequency division multiplexing passive optical network (OFDM-PON) by using a hyperchaotic system. The proposed scheme can generate five chaotic sequences at a time. The sensitivity of

10

−
18

can be achieved, along with a key space of

10

95

. In addition, we use a multi-wavelength channel to transmit the information, and the optical network unit can freely choose the wavelength. The probability shaping technology has greatly improved the bit error rate performance. A

16

G
b

/

s

/

λ

data is successfully transmitted across 25 km standard single-mode fiber in the experimental verifications. Therefore, it will have a positive impact in the future security optical network.
Nonlinear optical measurements of CdSiP2 at near and mid-infrared wavelengths
Authors: Ferdinandus Manuel R. , Gengler Jamie J. , Averett Kent L. , Zawilski Kevin T. , Schunemann Peter G. , Liebig Carl M.
Published: August 2020

We measure the birefringence of the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of cadmium silicon phosphide via the Z-scan technique at near and mid-infrared wavelengths. We discuss the implications of the NLO properties on optical parametric amplifier performance. We find that the nonlinear absorption does reduce the conversion efficiency, while the nonlinear refraction has a negligible effect.
Puppetry for building bridges: Psychosocial intervention in emergency settings in the Middle East
Authors: Dakroub Karim
Published: August 2020

This article describes the application of puppetry to psychosocial support during the Syrian crisis since 2011. After many years of using applied puppetry with vulnerable populations, such as refugees and victims of military actions, the author developed a structured model of intervention, as well as a training programme on puppetry, as a medium of expression and communication for activists (social workers, psychologists, artists), allowing them to work with refugees and displaced people. This model is based on a psychosocial approach aimed at strengthening the resilience of the final beneficiaries. The article includes a detailed description of the training steps and techniques involved, linking them to concepts and theoretical background.
The Incidence of Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia in the Well-Defined Region of a Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Expert Center
Authors: Terlouw Luke G. , Verbeten Mandy , van Noord Desirée , Brusse-Keizer Marjolein , Beumer Ruth R. , Geelkerken Robert H. , Bruno Marco J. , Kolkman Jeroen J. ,   Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study Group
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

This study aimed to determine the incidence of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) and to examine the influence of the etiological cause, location, and severity of a mesenteric artery stenosis on the probability of having CMI.

METHODS:

A prospective database, containing the details of all patients with suspected CMI referred to a renowned CMI expert center, was used. Patients residing within the expert centers' well-defined region, between January 2014 and October 2019, were included. CMI was diagnosed when patients experienced sustained symptom improvement after treatment.

RESULTS:

This study included 358 patients, 75 had a ≥50% atherosclerotic stenosis of 1 vessel (CMI 16%), 96 of 2 or 3 vessels (CMI 81%), 81 celiac artery compression (CMI 25%), and 84 no stenosis (CMI 12%). In total, 138 patients were diagnosed with CMI, rendering a mean incidence of 9.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.2–13.7) per 100,000 inhabitants. Atherosclerotic CMI was most common, with a mean incidence of 7.2 (95% CI 4.6–11.3), followed by median arcuate ligament syndrome 1.3 (95% CI 0.5–3.6) and chronic nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia 0.6 (95% CI 0.2–2.6). The incidence of CMI was highest in female patients (female patients 12.0 [95% CI 7.3–19.6] vs male patients 6.5 [95% CI 3.4–12.5]) and increased with age. CMI was more prevalent in the presence of a ≥70% atherosclerotic single-vessel stenosis of the superior mesenteric artery (40.6%) than the celiac artery (5.6%).

DISCUSSION:

The incidence of CMI is higher than previously believed and increases with age. Probability of CMI seems highest in suspected CMI patients with multivessel disease or a ≥70% atherosclerotic single-vessel superior mesenteric artery stenosis.
The efficacy of outpatient monitoring of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes with regular use of professional continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Peterkova Valentina A. , Emelyanov Andrey O. , Laptev Dmitry N. , Samoylova Yulia G. , Khramova Elena B. , Petriaikina Elena E. , Rybkina Irina G. , Filimonova Alla Yu.
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: According to research, only 38% of patients reach glycated hemoglobin targets. It is possible to improve the effectiveness of medical care for children with T1D using modern technologies, including continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).
AIMS: To evaluate the effectiveness of outpatient monitoring of children and adolescents with T1D with regular use of professional continuous glucose monitoring.
METHODS: The inclusion criteria: age 812 years; T1D at least 1 year; insulin therapy by multiple injections of insulin; inadequate glycemic control of T1D: НbА1с level of 7.5% and higher and / or children and adolescents with frequent episodes of hypoglycemia (usually 4 times a week) or with a history of severe hypoglycemia; signed informed consent. All patients initially and 12 weeks after inclusion in the study conducted a study of the level of НbА1с, and also performed CGM for 6 days. Based on the results of CGM, glycemia indicators and daily doses of insulin were recorded, treatment was evaluated and corrected, and recommendations for self-monitoring were made. Glucose monitoring was carried 120144 hours using the blind method iPro2 (Medtronic, USA).
RESULTS: In all, 99 children aged 818 years were included in the study in all centers. The decrease in the level of НbА1с by the end of the study was 0.72%, while the proportion of patients who reached the target level of НbА1с (defined as 7.5%) was statistically significantly higher at the end of the study (15.5% and 2%, respectively; p0.05). During the study, patients showed a trend towards a decrease in the average level and variability of glycemia by the end of the study, however, statistical significance was achieved only in relation to the average level of glycemia (p=0.04). Conducted insulin therapy, determined by the average daily doses of long-acting and short-acting insulin, did not statistically significantly change at the end of the study. The frequency of DKA episodes and severe hypoglycemia did not statistically significantly differ from the initial level.
CONCLUSIONS: For children with poor glycemic control of T1D, the use of professional CGM is effective in terms of glycemic control and a safe method.
Oncoendocrinology — the innovative interdisciplinary base for personalized medicine
Authors: Rumyantsev Pavel O.
Published: August 2020

Oncoendocrinology is a new vector in personalized medicine based on the scientific and creative communication of endocrinologists, oncologists, morphologists, radiologists, geneticists, medical physicists, biologists, chemists, and mathematicians. A section Oncoendocrinology has been introduced in the Problems of Endocrinology journal by the editorial board. It is planned to publish reviews and original articles in the aforementioned scientific and applied fields. We invite all interested authors and readers to cooperation.
EL ARTE DE VOLAR EN OVIDIO: EL EFECTO DE LOS PREVERBIOS SOBRE UN VERBO DE MANERA DE MOVERSE
Authors: Nieto Manini Ana Lorena
Published: August 2020

Desde un marco lingüístico funcional y cognitivo, se estudia el efecto de los preverbios añadidos en un Verbo de Manera de Moverse: volare. El corpus se establece desde toda la obra poética de Ovidio a partir del estudio de la diferencia semántica y gramatical de volare en forma simple y compuesta y la alteración de la telicidad y transitivación de las cláusulas.El latín es una lengua de marco por satélite y por lo tanto la añadidura de preverbios corroborará o no las hipótesis establecidas acerca de sus efectos.
The central vein sign in the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Belov S. E. , Boyko A. N.
Published: August 2020

The current diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is based on confirmation of the disseminated pathological process in space and time in accordance with the McDonald criteria. Despite this, the search continues for specific markers of the disease, including those detected using neuroimaging techniques that have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of MS.

The paper considers the central vein sign, a new promising diagnostic one of MS. This sign refers to a parenchymal vein visualized in the focus of demyelination, by using special magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modes. Studies show that the central vein sign has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of MS, allowing it to be differentiated from other demyelinating, vascular, and systemic diseases that have an MRI pattern similar to that of MS. According to various authors, a threshold of 40–50% perivenular lesions allows MS and MS-like diseases to be differentiated with high accuracy.
MOTIVASI PETANI APEL BERALIH DARI BUDIDAYA ANORGANIK KE BUDIDAYA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI DESA BULUKERTO KECAMATAN BUMIAJI KOTA BATU
Authors: Novia Ikko , Mudita IGN , Pratiwi Arum
Published: August 2020

Motivasi merupakan suatu dorongan yang ada dalam diri sendiri maupun dari luar yang menyebabkan seseorang untuk melakukan suatu kegiatan atau tindakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan motivasi petani apel beralih dari budidaya anorganik ke budidaya ramah lingkungan. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif yang menggunakan analisis data Korelasi Rank Spearman dengan bantuan program komputer SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) faktor yang paling kuat hubungannya dengan motivasi petani adalah faktor tingkat pendidikan dengan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,467, pendapatan 0,457 dan peran penyuluh 0,536, (2) tingkat motivasi petani masuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi yaitu 40%.Kata kunci: analisis korelasi, motivasi , petani apel, ramah lingkungan, tingkat motivasi
On Street Parking Study in Shopping District (Case Study: Pemuda Street, Magelang Chinatown)
Authors: Puspitasari Evi , Maryunani Woro Partini , Hutomo Paska Adi
Published: August 2020

The economic growth has influenced the mobility of the population. In line with those, there is a rapid growth of private vehicle ownership. The growth of private vehicles must be fulfilled by enough parking space so that it doesn’t cause parking problems later. This study aims to describe the conditions and evaluate the existing parking management in the case study area and design an effective parking space scenario. The object of this research is the on-street parking area on shopping area, Pemuda Street, Chinatown, Magelang. To obtain an overview of parking management in case study area, several surveys were conducted, including a parking inventory survey, occupancy survey, and parking duration survey. Secondary data collected by interview with the Local Transportation Department and the Local Public Works and Spatial Planning Department. The survey results show that existing parking requirements cannot be met by the existing parking area. However, the traffic conditions around the Chinatown have not shown congestion during peak hour. To further improve the effectiveness of parking management in Chinatown, parallel parking, parking meter implementation, the addition of parking space and the application of parking based on duration can be applied. For further research, research on parking using special transportation software can be done.
Supply Chain Performance Measurement at High Rise Building Construction Using SCOR Method Approach (Supply Chain Operations Reference)
Authors: Fitrianto Taufiq , Wibowo Mochamad Agung , Hatmoko Jati Utomo Dwi
Published: August 2020

Construction industry has a vital role in Indonesia’s economic growth. Infrastructure projects have been the priorities in the past five years consistent with RPJMN (National Medium Term Development Plan). It’s evident in the percentage of contribution of the construction industry, i.e. 10.2%, to Gross Domestic Product (PDB) and 6.34 million employments (5.3% national labors). However, it isn’t followed by efficiency of the construction industry. Increased cost, implementation, delay, conflict and dispute are some problems which arise from fragmentation and causes the construction industry to be known as an inefficient industry. A possible approach to solve fragment problem is studying the supply chain of the construction industry. The present study aimed to measure supply chain performance of construction using SCOR (supply chain) method, the impact and mitigation. The result was that the handling performed in TSM Bali project resulted in 5.56% of indirect waste, 8.63% of direct waste, and 443,711 tonCO2 of carbon footprint
Ambivalent Effect of Long Lasting Terguride Treatment on Genetically Based Glycide and Lipide Metabolism Abnormalities in SHR/N-cp Koletsky Rats
Authors: Golda Věroslav
Published: August 2020

Experiments were carried out in the genetically hypertensive obese rats of Koletsky type (SHR/N-cp obese), in their lean siblings (SHR/N-cp lean) and in the rats of Han-Wistar strain. The effect of long lasting terguride treatment was monitored when the animal represents a control for itself. Blood was sampled to heparinized capillaries from retrobulbar plexus in the same animal before and after the terguride treament. Long lasting terguride treatment shows decrease in "area under the glucose tolerance curve" in all groups of animals, increase in glycaemia in normotensive males, increase in insulinemia in normotensive rats of both sexes and in SHR/N-cp lean males and decrease of insulinemia in SHR/N-cp obese males, increase of triglyceridemia in normotensive rats of both sexes and in SHR/N-cp lean males, and decrease of triglyceridemia in SHR/N-cp lean females and SHR/N-cp obese of both sexes, increase in cholesterolemia in normotensive and SHR/N-cp lean males, decrease in cholesterolemia in normotensive, SHR/N-cp lean and obese females. Thus ambivalent effect of terguride treatment is more expressive in glucose tolerance and in plasma triglycerides. Ambivalent effect of long lasting terguride treatment is profoundly expressed in correlation between pre-treament state of individual parameters and the effect of treatment expressed in percentage changes in post-treatment state. In all cases statistically significant correlation coefficients show negative mark. Thus it is apparent that terguride increases monitored parameter when this parameter is low before treatment, and vice versa. When it is considered "area under the glucose tolerance curve", significance was attained in all groups, when judging basal glycaemia, significance was attained in normotensive and SHR/N-cp lean rats of both sexes, taking into account insulinemia, significance was attained in normotensive and SHR/N-cp obese rats of both sexes, when analysing plasma triglycerides, significance was attained in normotensive rats of both sexes and in SHR/Ncp lean females and obese males, when we consider total plasma cholesterol, significance was attained in normotensive rats of both sexes and in SHR/N-cp lean males. From the clinical point of view it must be underlined that terguride is potent to increase insulinemia. Thus there is open a possibility of the other clinical indication of the mentioned drug.
Fusión de identidad: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Henríquez Henríquez Diego Tomás , Urzúa Morales Alfonso , López López Wilson
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue realizar una revisión sistemática de los estudios empíricos que han reportado el uso de la teoría de fusión de identidad. Para esto, la revisión siguió los lineamientos y recomendaciones de la declaración PRISMA. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Willey Online Library, EBSCO y JSTORE. En total, se revisaron 52 estudios empíricos, en español y en inglés, publicados entre los años 2009 y 2018, que cumplían con los criterios de selección. La mayoría de los estudios dan evidencia de que la fusión de identidad es un fuerte predictor de conductas extremas de sacrificio por el grupo, y también, se ha asociado generalmente a variables como la identificación con el grupo, el compromiso grupal, el apoyo social percibido, la lealtad incluso en condiciones de ostracismo, los sentimientos, afectos y emociones hacia el grupo, y la percepción de parentesco, entre otras. Al final se discuten sus implicaciones y limitaciones.