bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keynote: The Trichoptera fauna of Asia
Authors: MORSE JOHN C.
Published: July 2019

Many foreign and indigenous scientists have contributed extensively to our knowledge of Asian caddisflies. At the time of the Trichoptera Symposium in 2012, the number (1,090 spp.) and density (43 spp./Gm2) of Trichoptera species in the East Palearctic Region were the least for any of the Earth’s 7 biogeographic regions as defined by the Trichoptera World Checklist; the number (5,313 spp.) and density (405 spp./Gm2) in the Oriental Region were the greatest. Limnephilidae, Rhyacophilidae, and Leptoceridae are the most speciose families in the East Palearctic Region; Leptoceridae, Hydropsychidae, and Hydroptilidae in the Oriental Region. In the East Palearctic Region, 288 fossil species have been reported, most of which are ichnotaxa, sedimentary impressions of larval cases for which the family is unknown; in the Oriental Region, only two fossil species are known, both from Burmese amber. Based on cosmopolitan species, the distinction between the East Palearctic and Oriental Regions is as great or greater than average; the distinction between the East and West Palearctic Regions is less than average but between the East Palearctic and the Nearctic Region is greater; the fauna of the Oriental Region is conspicuously endemic. Future increases in knowledge of the Asia Trichoptera fauna will result from accelerated collecting in poorly explored regions; increasing the rate of identifying and describing new and poorly known species, especially with use of modern molecular, computational, and networking tools and especially focusing on descriptions of larvae in the Oriental Region; mentoring young Asian Trichoptera scientists for excellence in research quality and productivity; and promoting international collaborations for theoretical and applied science in Asia.
The sawflies and woodwasps (Hymenoptera: ‘Symphyta’) of Colombia
Authors: MALAGÓN-ALDANA LEONARDO A. , SMITH DAVID R. , VILHELMSEN LARS , SERNA FRANCISCO
Published: July 2019

A survey of the ‘Symphyta’ of Colombia is conducted, based on information from literature as well as on examination of over 2,000 specimens from the major Colombian entomological collections. A total of 127 species are recorded from Colombia, representing six families: Argidae (48 species), Tenthredinidae (37) Pergidae (37), Xiphydriidae (3 species), Siricidae (1 species) and Orussidae (1 species). 11 genera and 68 species are new records for Colombia, doubling the number of previously reported species. Heteroperreyia (Pergidae) is recorded for the first time in northern South America. Most records and species are concentrated in the Andean region. Four new species are described: Acrogymnidia catalina Malagón-Aldana, sp. nov., Ptenos amazonicus Malagón-Aldana, sp. nov. (Argidae), Heteroperreyia andina Malagón-Aldana, sp. nov. (Pergidae) and Derecyrta risaraldensis Malagón-Aldana, sp. nov. (Xiphydriidae). The following taxonomic changes are proposed, and lectotypes designated for all these nominal taxa: Dochmioglene suppar (Konow, 1903), comb. n., Plaumanniana parmata (Konow, 1903), comb. n., and Proselandria analis (Fabricius, 1804), comb. n.; Plaumanniana biclinia (Konow, 1899) = Stromboceros marcidus Konow, 1899, syn. n.; Proselandria analis (Fabricius, 1804) = Stromboceros brevispinis Konow, 1908, syn. n., Monophadnus trichiotomus Cameron, 1911, syn. n. and Romaniola amazonica Forsius, 1925, syn. n.
A synopsis of Phyllogomphoides Belle, 1970 (Odonata: Gomphidae) of Mexico: taxonomy and distribution
Authors: TORRES-PACHÓN MÓNICA , NOVELO-GUTIÉRREZ RODOLFO , RUIZ-SANCHEZ EDUARDO
Published: July 2019

A synopsis of the 13 species of Phyllogomphoides Belle, 1970 known to occur within Mexico is presented. Taxonomic keys for males are based primarily on morphology of anterior and posterior hamules, caudal appendages and of the vulvar lamina in females and includes full descriptions for each species accompanied by high-resolution photographs, drawings, comparative diagnostic notes, natural history and distribution maps. Females of P. danieli González & Novelo, 1990 and P. nayaritensis Belle, 1987 are described for the first time. Moreover, new records for P. albrighti (Needham, 1950) for the states of Guerrero; P. danieli González & Novelo, 1990 for Colima, Guerrero and San Luis Potosí; P. duodentatus Donnelly, 1979 for Oaxaca; P. luisi González & Novelo, 1990 for Nayarit, and P. pugnifer Donnelly, 1979 for San Luis Potosí, are also provided.
Impact and cost of the peer-led Students As LifeStyle Activists programme in high schools
Authors: Shrewsbury Vanessa A , Venchiarutti Rebecca L , Hardy Louise L , Foley Bridget C , Bonnefin Amy , Byth Karen , Hayes Alison J , Flood Victoria M , Steinbeck Katharine S , Baur Louise A , Shah Smita
Published: July 2019

Objective:

To determine the impact of a peer-led, school-based programme (Students As LifeStyle Activists; SALSA) on energy balance–related behaviours (EBRBs) in Grade 8 students, and the cost of implementing the programme.

Design:

Pre–post test

Setting:

High schools in New South Wales, Australia.

Methods:

Grade 10 students (15- to 16-year-olds) were trained by university students to deliver four lessons on healthy eating and physical activity to Grade 8 students (13- to 14-year-olds). Students completed an online questionnaire pre–post lessons on EBRBs and intentions to change EBRBs over the next month. Items included fruit, vegetable and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake, frequency of eating breakfast, participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and school-day recreational screen-time. Pre–post changes were analysed using generalised estimating equations, adjusted for clustering. Standard methods were used to estimate implementation costs.

Results:

In total, 2,056 Grade 8 students from 23 high schools participated. Significant changes included 5.2% increase in eating >2 fruit serves/day ( p < .001), 2.5% increase in eating >4 vegetable serves/day ( p < .05), a 4.3% increase in drinking <1 cup/day of SSB ( p < .001) but limiting screen-time <2 hours/day decreased by 4.4% ( p < .001). There were significant improvements in students’ intentions to change EBRBs over the next month, with the exception of MVPA. The average actual cost of implementing the SALSA programme in 2014–2015 was AU$1,388 (US$958) per school and AU$9.97 (US$6.88) per student.

Conclusion:

The SALSA peer education programme had a positive impact on most of the dietary EBRBs examined. The cost evaluation showed that it is a relatively low-cost programme to implement.
Human papillomavirus and health decision-making: Perceptions and accountability in college
Authors: DeLauer Verna , McGill-O’Rourke Andrea , Gordon Carissa , Hamilton Natalie , Desruisseaux Ryan , DuarteCanela Marlene , Heyer Alicia , Macksoud Kathryn
Published: July 2019

Objective:

To identify knowledge and beliefs about the human papillomavirus (HPV) among students in a residential academic institution, including perceptions of safety of the HPV vaccine, perceptions of cancer correlation with HPV, and independence/interdependence in health decision-making.

Design:

A qualitative study was used.

Setting:

Participants were recruited from a small private US university.

Methods:

In-depth, semi-structured interviews.

Results:

Study findings highlight the need for improved communication about sex and general preventive health care between young adults, their parents and health providers, including the campus health services centre. Findings point to the importance of appropriate health care messaging at the time of the HPV vaccine (if given in adolescence) throughout college. While mothers played a crucial part in helping young adults make sense of health and health care decisions, self-reliance and self-protection were strong drivers of decision-making.

Conclusion:

As college students progress from dependent child to independent adult, they shift from reliance on others, especially mothers, for health guidance to an emerging self-reliance and self-protective stance. Central to this experience is navigating health decisions by using information from one’s childhood and integrating new knowledge as one emerges into adulthood. College health care providers and related disciplinary faculty have the opportunity to support students during this transition.
An improved Fisher discriminant analysis algorithm based on Procrustes analysis for adaptive fault recognition
Authors: Miao Aimin , Tao Fei , Li Peng , Ren Wenping , Guo Qiwei
Published: July 2019

Aiming at the problem of continuous model updating for fault recognition in the time-varying process, a novel method called the Procrustes analysis–based Fisher discriminant analysis was proposed. First, each class of the training data was preprocessed by Procrustes analysis. Second, the new test data were aligned with each class of the training data by Procrustes analysis. Then, all the data were reduced to a low-dimensional space using Fisher discriminant analysis. Finally, the Euclidean distance between the test data and the training data after the Procrustes analysis was calculated, and the class recognition was achieved based on the discriminant principle of Fisher discriminant analysis. Two case studies show that the proposed Procrustes analysis–based Fisher discriminant analysis is superior to the traditional method based on Fisher discriminant analysis, and it can be used for fault recognition in a new and efficient way.
The Potential Role of Talker Age in the Perception of Regional Accent
Authors: Shin Woobong , Lee Hyangwon , Shin Jiyoung , Holliday Jeffrey J.
Published: July 2019

The speech signal contains potential cues to a wide range of socioindexical variables. The aim of the current study was to investigate how one variable, talker age, might interact with the perception of a theoretically independent variable, regional accent. We investigated this question specifically in the case of Korean: although many studies have reported on phonetic differences among Korean dialects and speakers’ beliefs and attitudes about them, there has been virtually no research on the auditory perception of such variation. Potential acoustic cues to regional accent were measured in read sentence productions from a total of 72 male talkers in their 20s or 50s to 60s from six Korean provinces. Then, in a perception experiment, native listeners from Seoul ( n = 21), Gyeongsang ( n = 10), and Jeolla ( n = 10) listened to the sentences and were asked to identify the talker’s regional origin from among 6 provinces. Listeners’ responses correlated with talker age: young talkers were disproportionately perceived as being from Seoul, and old talkers—even life-long Seoul residents—were disproportionately perceived as being from non-Seoul regions. A follow-up experiment with listeners from Seoul ( n = 30) in which talker age was treated as a between-subjects factor showed an attenuated effect, suggesting that the effect of talker age on perceived regional origin may be partially driven by a contrast effect, such that the speech of older talkers is perceived as less standard—and thus coming from a non-Seoul region—when being directly compared with that of younger talkers.
A demonstration of using the model reference principle to develop the function-oriented adaptive pulse-coded neural network
Authors: Sharma B Lungsi , Wells Richard B
Published: July 2019

How can one design an adaptive pulsed neural network that is based on psycho-phenomenological foundations? In other words, how can one migrate the adaptive capability of a psychologically modeled neural network to a pulsed network? Neural networks that model psychological phenomena are at a larger scale than physiological models. There is a common presumption that pulse-coded neural network analogs to non-pulsing networks can be obtained by a simple mapping and scaling process of some sort. But the actual in vivo environment of pulse-coded neural network systems produces a much more diverse set of firing patterns. Thus, functional mapping from traditional neural network systems to pulse-coded neural network systems is much more challenging than has been presumed. This paper demonstrates that the employment of model reference adaptation as a method for applying scientific reduction is a powerful design tool for the development of a function-oriented adaptive pulse-coded neural network. The performance surface is empirically obtained by comparing the performance of the pulsed network to the non-pulsing network. Based on this surface, the adaptive algorithm is a combination of gain scheduling and steepest-descent method. Therefore, the adaptive property of the pulse-coded neural network is built upon a psycho-physiological foundation.
Continuities and discontinuities of Russian urban housing: The Soviet housing experiment in historical long-term perspective
Authors: Kalyukin Alexander , Kohl Sebastian
Published: July 2019

Did the socialist experiment disrupt continuity in Russian urban housing? Based on a unique collection of urban data covering several hundred Russian cities and spanning three regimes across more than a century, this paper gives a nuanced account of continuities and discontinuities of housing in post-Soviet cities. Three main housing characteristics are analysed: urban density (persons per building and living space per capita), ownership structure and the modernisation of stock (building material and provision with amenities). Although all Russian cities underwent a number of major shocks and regime changes during the course of the 20th century, their rankings with regard to these three key housing characteristics are still significantly correlated over time, whereas living space per capita is largely uncorrelated over time. This holds true despite significant convergence processes in almost all dimensions and also when including contemporary control variables. We hypothesise that local or regional building traditions, regional differentiation in Soviet urban planning as well as Soviet land use specificities could explain differential growth across cities. Going beyond existing late-Soviet-legacy timeframes, the long-term perspective reveals that even major regime shocks did not completely erase regionally shaped patterns in housing conditions.
Double drainage of pulmonary vein associated with atrial septal defect
Authors: Yılmaz Mustafa , Ziadinov Edem , Aykan Hayrettin Hakan
Published: July 2019

We report the successful surgical treatment of a case of double drainage of the right upper pulmonary vein into the superior vena cava and left atrium in a 9-year-old girl.
Technological opportunities for procedural justice in welfare administration: A review of available apps
Authors: Cook Kay , Given Lisa , Keam Georgia , Young Lisa
Published: July 2019

Welfare agencies are increasingly turning to technology to facilitate information-sharing and communication with users. However, while the administrative, governmental and material effects of technological advances have been examined, research has yet to explore how welfare users could make use of technology for their benefit. In this article, we examine the extent to which available technologies allow Australian separated mothers to assemble and provide data to government agencies in order to pursue procedural, and therefore substantive, justice in child support and welfare contexts. We find that no currently available apps provide separated mothers with technological affordances suited to this purpose. As a result, we find that existing child support and welfare data practices reinforce the social hierarchies that exist post-separation, whereby low-income single mothers are financially and socially disadvantaged, while welfare administrators and non-compliant ex-partners accrue savings and discretionary benefits as a result of existing bureaucratic data gaps and omissions.
Health information literacy awareness and capacity building: Present and future
Authors: Ottosen Terri , Mani Nandita S. , Fratta Megan N.
Published: July 2019

Health literacy is increasingly important in today’s complex information ecosystem, both nationally and globally. Across the world, whether people live in “information rich” or “information poor” societies, the role of our profession is a vital one. In the developed world, the ubiquitous nature of health information creates a wealth of accessible content and simultaneously has created confusion as to what information is reliable, how health information can be utilized, and whether or not information is produced in a meaningful manner. In the developing world, content may be non-existent, culturally inappropriate or inaccessible in terms of language and other barriers. In order to mitigate the health information crisis we are now facing, we need to collaborate and respond to the challenges raised by the complexity of health information. Librarians and other information professionals can and must play an important role in improving health literacy in their communities. This paper considers international efforts towards improving health in both information poor and information rich settings, including work showcased in recent years at IFLA’s Health & Biosciences Libraries Section Open Sessions at the World Library & Information Congress (WLIC). It discusses health literacy in the US and other developed economies, and looks in detail at innovative work by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC)where the Health Sciences Library (HSL), a part of the University Libraries, has strengthened efforts surrounding health literacy in local communities and throughout the state. This paper provides examples of how to partner with multiple constituencies on health literacy and discusses future opportunities for growth and engagement.
U.S. Surface Transportation Public–Private Partnerships: Objectives and Evidence—Extended Findings
Authors: Bolaños Lisardo , Transue Morghan , Wheeler Porter , Gifford Jonathan
Published: July 2019

Public agencies pursue many goals when employing alternative procurement approaches like public–private partnerships (P3s) to develop and renew transportation infrastructure. Evaluators often focus on economic efficiency. However, that rarely represents an agency’s sole or even primary objective. This paper identifies government sponsors’ objectives in selecting P3s as a delivery approach and the extent to which projects have met those objectives. The paper extends previous work examining six case studies of U.S. P3 projects by adding three additional projects out of a total population of 21 U.S. P3 projects launched since 2003. The new case studies introduce important elements of P3 projects, namely, a multistate project and a project that encountered financial challenges and bankruptcy. The new case studies generally confirm that public agencies pursue six objectives when employing P3s: (i) accessing private-sector financing; (ii) accessing private-sector expertise and innovation; (iii) accelerating project delivery; (iv) increasing certainty about project cost, schedule, and quality; (v) transferring and managing risk; and (vi) improving transit and development opportunities. Government sponsors generally achieved their goals. They might benefit further by: (a) pursuing private-sector expertise and innovation earlier; (b) elevating risk transfer objectives; (c) incorporating broader transit, local development, and value capture opportunities; and (d) improving outcome measurement, analysis, and transparency practices. The U.S. government may also benefit from reconsidering the statutory authority granted to the U.S. Department of Transportation when it holds debt in bankrupt projects.
Dietary Adequacy Among Young Children in India: Improvement or Stagnation? An Investigation From the National Family Health Survey
Authors: Khan Nizamuddin , Mozumdar Arupendra , Kaur Supreet
Published: July 2019

Background:

This study assessed the trend of minimum acceptable dietary practices among children aged 6 to 23 months in India in the past decade.

Methods:

Data collected in the National Family Health Survey during 2005 to 2006 (NFHS-3) and 2015 to 2016 (NFHS-4) were used. The sample size for this study was 11 727 children for NFHS-3 and 61 158 children for NFHS-4. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to identify the predictors of feeding practices. We analyzed data of last-born singleton children aged 6 to 23 months who were living with their mother (ever-married women aged 15-49 years).

Results:

In India, a low proportion (10%) of children aged 6 to 23 months received a minimum acceptable diet, and its estimate remained the same in the past 10 years. Older mothers, educated mothers, antenatal care, high economic status, and place of residence were the most consistent predictors of minimum acceptable dietary intake. Over the past decade, however, the minimum acceptable dietary intake has declined among older children (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.70; P < .001), children with overweight mothers (OR = 0.40, 95% CI, 0.31-0·50; P <.001), and children of well-off families (OR = 0.29, 95% CI, 0.23-0.37; P < .001). The odds for minimum acceptable dietary intake were significantly higher among children of high (4+) birth order (OR = 1.74, 95% CI, 1.41-2.15; P < .001), rural areas, and children living in the central, eastern, and north-eastern region.

Conclusion:

Results indicate the need for further investigations of poor dietary intake among children living in well-off families and in the northern region. This study suggests policymakers and program managers to address contextual barriers against minimum acceptable dietary intake among children and to reconsider existing strategies in India.
A Demonstration of Mokken Scale Analysis Methods Applied to Cognitive Test Validation Using the Egyptian WAIS-IV
Authors: Abdelhamid Gomaa S. M. , Gómez-Benito Juana , Abdeltawwab Ahmed T. M. , Abu Bakr Mostafa H. S. , Kazem Amina M.
Published: July 2019

The fourth edition of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) has been used extensively for assessing adult intelligence. This study uses Mokken scale analysis to investigate the psychometric proprieties of WAIS-IV subtests adapted for the Egyptian population in a sample of 250 adults between 18 and 25 years of age. The monotone homogeneity model and the double monotonicity model were consistent with the subtest data. The items of all subtests except Matrix Reasoning, Information, Similarities, and Vocabulary formed a unidimensional scale. The WAIS-IV subtests have discriminatory and invariantly ordered items, although some items violated the invariant item ordering and scalability criteria. Therefore, the WAIS-IV subtests—with the exception of some items—are hierarchical scales that allow items to be ordered according to difficulty and subjects to be ordered using the sum score. In conclusion, the current study provides evidence of the dimensionality and hierarchy of the WAIS-IV subtests in the framework of Mokken scaling, although care should be taken when interpreting or including certain items.
Evaluating the Quality of Municipal Official Plans in the Ontario-Greater Golden Horseshoe Region, Canada
Authors: Guyadeen Dave
Published: July 2019

The focus of plan quality is on evaluating plans-as-objects against normative characteristics researchers and planning practitioners believe contribute to a high quality plan. This study builds on the established plan quality literature and methods to assess the quality of official (comprehensive) plans from sixty-three of the most populous municipalities in the Ontario-Greater Golden Horseshoe region (Canada). Three key themes emerged from this analysis. First, the provincial government plays a role in municipal official plan quality. Second, monitoring and evaluation is underutilized in many plans. Third, the communication of plan contents could be improved to enhance its use and readability.
Talking to Others About Sexual Assault: A Narrative Analysis of Survivors’ Journeys
Authors: Yuen Bonnie , Billings Jo , Morant Nicola
Published: July 2019

Previous research suggested the benefits for sexual assault survivors to talk about their trauma and its mental health implications, but it remained unclear what steps sexual assault survivors need to take to be able to have these conversations. To address this gap in the literature, this study aims to explore the journeys of sexual assault survivors with the use of narrative interviews to retain the richness of the data. This study reports the findings of a narrative analysis of the accounts of six female sexual assault survivors aged between 20 and 38. The analysis provides an individual case profile for each participant, the core aspects and tone of each narrative, and a cross-case analysis. The cross-case analysis reveals an overarching theme of “the bumpy journey” within which the individual difficulties encountered are examined. The analysis also reveals the two main factors that motivated the participant to strive to make a difference for other sexual violence survivors and to improve their mental health through talking about their experiences. The implications for services providing continuous and long-term support to sexual assault survivors and clinical practices are discussed.
Experimental analysis of fluid elastic vibrations in rotated square finned tube arrays subjected to water cross flow
Authors: Desai Sandeep R , Kengar Rohit V
Published: July 2019

The majority of the failures of shell and tube heat exchanger tubes are reported due to the flow-induced vibration caused by shell side cross flow. Fluid elastic instability, vortex shedding, and turbulent buffeting are the excitation mechanisms responsible for the failure of the tubes. The failure occurs due to tube-to-tube impacts leading to impaction marks on the tube surface and, subsequently, leading to the failure due to fretting wear and fatigue. The present research work deals with the determination of critical velocity at instability for rotated square finned tube arrays subjected to water cross flow. In all, total six tube arrays are tested with two different pitch ratios, each with a plain tube array, a coarse finned tube array, and a fine finned tube array. Pitch ratios considered in the study are 2.1 and 2.6, while fin densities considered are coarse (4 fpi = 6.35 mm) and fine (10 fpi = 2.54 mm). The effect of array pattern, pitch ratio, and fin density on the onset of instability is studied by conducting experiments in the water cross flow. The effect of tube array pattern is studied by comparing the results of the present study with authors' published results for parallel triangular finned tube arrays in the water cross flow. The study led to the conclusion that the instability threshold is delayed for rotated square tube arrays compared to parallel triangular tube arrays. It is also observed that instability thresholds for coarse and fine finned tubes are delayed compared to plain tubes and is found to be more for finned tubes with higher fin densities.
Definitions of Scientific Terminology in Popular Science Books: An Examination of Definitional Chains
Authors: Pilkington Olga A.
Published: July 2019

This article explores scientific terminology in popular science books. It goes beyond existing approaches to definitions in popularizations to suggest a dual, macro and micro, structure for the majority of definitions. This dual structure manifests as chains of definitions that include prototypical, procedural, and figurative definitions. Analyzing the structure and functions of the chains (macro structure) and their individual components (micro structure), this article does not confirm the phenomenon of substitution observed by Myers yet suggests that even without the replacement of terminology popular science maintains the focus on the specific rather than the general.
Evaluation of thiamine for the prevention of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy
Authors: Lentz Katie L , Clark Stephen M , Ayarza Melanie , Liu Beiyu , Morgan Katherine P , Wind Lucas S , Hairston Alicia
Published: July 2019

Study objective

To determine whether thiamine prophylaxis decreases the incidence of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy in patients receiving ifosfamide for the treatment of lymphoma.

Design

Retrospective, multi-center, cohort study.

Patients

A total of 73 patients who received 187 total cycles of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide chemotherapy for the treatment of lymphoma were included in this study. Forty-four of these patients (114 cycles) were included in the no-thiamine group and 29 (65 cycles) in the thiamine group.

Measurements and main results

The incidence of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy was measured using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and documentation in the patient chart. Regarding the primary endpoint of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, eight patients (18.2%) in the no-thiamine group and three patients (10.3%) in the thiamine group experienced an event ( p = 0.5087). No patient experienced more than one neurotoxic event.

Conclusion

There was no significant difference found in the incidence of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy with the addition of thiamine prophylaxis in patients receiving ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide–based chemotherapy regimens for lymphoma. Larger, prospective studies assessing the use of thiamine prophylaxis in this patient population are warranted to better assess its impact on the incidence of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy.
Use cases of lossy compression for floating-point data in scientific data sets
Authors: Cappello Franck , Di Sheng , Li Sihuan , Liang Xin , Gok Ali Murat , Tao Dingwen , Yoon Chun Hong , Wu Xin-Chuan , Alexeev Yuri , Chong Frederic T
Published: July 2019

Architectural and technological trends of systems used for scientific computing call for a significant reduction of scientific data sets that are composed mainly of floating-point data. This article surveys and presents experimental results of currently identified use cases of generic lossy compression to address the different limitations of scientific computing systems. The article shows from a collection of experiments run on parallel systems of a leadership facility that lossy data compression not only can reduce the footprint of scientific data sets on storage but also can reduce I/O and checkpoint/restart times, accelerate computation, and even allow significantly larger problems to be run than without lossy compression. These results suggest that lossy compression will become an important technology in many aspects of high performance scientific computing. Because the constraints for each use case are different and often conflicting, this collection of results also indicates the need for more specialization of the compression pipelines.
The Effects of Exercise on Pain and Reproductive Performance in Female Pregnant Mice With Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Parent-Vachon Madeleine , Beaudry Francis , Carrier Denise , Di Cristo Graziella , Vachon Pascal
Published: July 2019

Pain can have negative, physiological and psychological impacts on pregnancy. Pregnant women are fearful of using pain medication because of teratogenic effects. In this study, we evaluated whether exercise could lower pain sensitivity in pregnant mice with neuropathic pain and reduce the negative effects of maternal pain on newborns. We randomly assigned 32 female mice to one of four groups (eight mice/group): Sham surgery with standard environment (SE) or enriched environment (EE) or spare nerve injury (SNI) with SE or EE. Mice in EE groups had access to an exercise wheel. Mothers were evaluated for mechanical sensitivity with Von Frey filaments and for exercise performance with computerized running wheels. Mice were impregnated 2 weeks after the initiation of EE. Pups were weighed and measured for length at birth and evaluated for negative geotaxis, righting, forelimb grasping, rooting, and crawling at 3 days postpartum and for crawling at 6 days postpartum. Following euthanasia, mothers’ frontal cortexes were analyzed for selected neuropeptides. After exercise exposure, only SNI-SE females remained neuropathic. Exercise levels were similar between EE groups. Some brain neuropeptides (endorphins, enkephalins, and oxytocin) from SNI females showed significant differences with exercise. Number of pups was significantly smaller in the SNI-SE group. Significantly more pups died at birth in the SNI-SE group, but pup behavior tests (except righting) were similar across groups. Exercise can reduce neuropathic pain in pregnant mice. Neuropathic pain does not impact motor neurodevelopment of mice pups but does appear to affect litter size and neonatal mortality.
Which segmental features matter for successful L2 comprehensibility? Revisiting and generalizing the pedagogical value of the functional load principle
Authors: Suzukida Yui , Saito Kazuya
Published: July 2019

Building up on Munro and Derwing, the current study set out to re-examine and generalize the Functional Load (FL) principle (Brown, 1988) as a tool to identify a set of relatively crucial segmental features for successful understanding in L2 communication. In Experiment 1, 40 Japanese learners of English in English-as-Foreign-Language settings engaged in a semi-structured task (i.e. timed picture description). Their speech was assessed by native speaking raters for overall comprehensibility (ease of understanding); and then coded for the number of high vs. low FL segmental substitution errors according to the FL principle. The results showed that it was only high FL consonant substitutions (e.g. mispronunciation of /l/ as /r/ or /v/ as /b/) that negatively impacted on native listeners’ comprehensibility judgments. In Experiment 2, 40 Japanese learners of English with a wide range of immersion experience in English-speaking countries participated. The results replicated the significant impact of high FL consonant substitutions as observed in Experiment 1. Taken together, this study suggests that the FL principle may greatly help teachers and students prioritize communicatively important segmental features, a crucial step towards improving L2 oral proficiency in an effective and efficient way.
Damage identification of bridge structure considering temperature variations based on particle swarm optimization - cuckoo search algorithm
Authors: Huang Minshui , Lei Yongzhi , Cheng Shaoxi
Published: July 2019

Structures are always exposed to environmental conditions such as varying temperatures and noises; as a consequence, the dynamic features of structures are changed accordingly. But the model-based methods, used to detect damage using optimization algorithms to get global optimal solution, are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, experimental noises, or numerical errors. While the mechanisms of optimization algorithms are limited by local optimal solution, their convergences are not always assured. In the study, a model-based damage-identification method considering temperature variations, comprised of particle swarm optimization and cuckoo search, is implemented to detect structural damage. First, to eliminate the influence of environmental temperature, temperature change is considered as a parameter of structural material elastic modulus. A function relationship is established between environmental temperature and the material elastic modulus, and an objective function composed of natural frequency, mode shape and modal strain energy with different weight coefficients is constructed. Second, the hybrid optimization algorithm, a combination of particle swarm optimization and cuckoo search, is proposed. Third, to solve the problem of optimization algorithm convergence, the optimization performance of the hybrid optimization algorithm is validated by utilizing four benchmark functions, and it is found that the performance of the hybrid optimization algorithm is the best. In order to test the performance of the three algorithms in damage identification, a numerical simply supported beam is adopted. The results show that the hybrid optimization algorithm can identify the damage location and severity under four different damage cases without considering temperature variations and two cases considering temperature variations. Finally, the hybrid optimization algorithm is introduced to test the damage-identification performance of I-40 Bridge, an actual steel–concrete composite bridge under temperature variations, whose results show that the hybrid optimization algorithm can preferably distinguish between real damages and temperature effects (temperature gradient included); its good robustness and engineering applicability are validated.
The Norwegian Patient Registry and the Norwegian Registry for Primary Health Care: Research potential of two nationwide health-care registries
Authors: Bakken Inger Johanne , Ariansen Anja M. S. , Knudsen Gun Peggy , Johansen Knut Ivar , Vollset Stein Emil
Published: July 2019

In Norway, the Directorate of Health is responsible for two nationwide registries – the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) and the Norwegian Registry for Primary Health Care (NRPHC) – which together cover all governmental-funded health care. The NPR (specialist health care) was established in 2008, while the NRPHC (primary health care) was established in 2017. Data from the NPR are extensively used in a large variety of studies. We expect that data from the NRPHC will increase in importance when the registry covers a longer time period. The NRPHC will be especially important for studying conditions mainly treated in primary care and for investigation of patient trajectories. The main aim of this paper is to give an overview of the history and content of the NPR and its research possibilities. In addition, we introduce the NRPHC as a possible future research tool and the potential for studying patient trajectories when combining data from the two registries.
Modelling of an energy-efficient open double-glazing unit for the main climatic conditions of Mexico
Authors: Noh-Pat F. , Gijón-Rivera M. , Xamán J. , Zavala-Guillén I. , Aguilar J. O. , Rodríguez-Pérez M.
Published: July 2019

The annual thermal evaluation of an open double-glazing unit (ODGU) is presented. The ODGU was modelled using two double-glazing configurations: DCC (clear glass + air + clear glass) and DCA (clear glass + air + absorbent glass). Numerical simulations were performed for the warmest design-day on each month of 2016 in four different climatic conditions in Mexico. The pseudo-transient simulations were carried out using an in-house code based on the finite volume method. To obtain the results, 5856 computational runs were necessary. From the results, the DCA configuration was observed to show the best thermal performance to reduce heat flux that passes through the inside space in the extreme warm dry climate with average reductions of 97 W/m2, followed by the semi-arid climate with 84 W/m2 and the tropical wet and dry climate with 82 W/m2 on a yearly basis. On an annual average, the DCA configuration in the extreme warm dry climate reached almost twice the mass flow rates than those observed in the temperate climate. From the numerical simulations, we have concluded that the use of the low-cost DCA configuration in warm climates was the best solar passive strategy for saving energy in buildings throughout the year.
Child-identified problems and their robotic solutions
Authors: Cherniak Shara , Lee Kyunghwa , Cho Eunji , Jung Sung Eun
Published: July 2019

Research on early childhood robotics education often focuses narrowly on teaching young children STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) concepts and skills. In this qualitative case study, our research team examined what happened when we worked with young children (age 7) and combined the technologies of robotics education with an inquiry approach, that is, an opportunity for students to collaboratively identify a problem arising from their own lived experiences and build a robot to solve it. We found that the process of children’s problem identification was dialogic, not only with peers and teachers but also with materials, as they defined and refined problems based on interactions with peers and objects. As this study was conducted at an economically disadvantaged public school in the Southern United States, we argue that early childhood robotics education has a great potential to engage young children in STEM learning in a personally meaningful manner and that an instructional approach fostering children’s inquiry and project-based learning through their problem finding and problem posing is effective in making STEM accessible to students from diverse backgrounds.
Teaching through textbooks: Teachers as practitioners of a discipline?
Authors: Mili  , Winch Christopher
Published: July 2019

What is the role of textbooks in promoting teaching, and how does this role relate to teachers’ subject knowledge, qualifications and autonomy? In this article, we study one aspect of the relationship between the use of textbooks and good teaching by examining how teachers’ subject knowledge in the subject they are expected to teach relates to how they use and rely on textbooks. To do so, we draw on ethnographic data including classroom observation of geography lessons and teacher interviews in upper primary government school classrooms in Bihar, India. We analysed teaching episodes in terms of distinct pedagogical strategies, namely, ostensive teaching, acquaintance knowledge and memory. These categories were identified through normative content analysis which recognises the distinct forms of knowledge, and specifically, different types of inferential relationships. This categorisation enables us to distinguish between teachers with and without a postgraduate or undergraduate qualification in geography in their use of the textbook and pedagogical strategies. Our findings support the claims of those who maintain that textbooks can be a powerful pedagogical tool, and not simply a teaching script in the hands of poorly qualified teachers.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Educational needs of health-care providers, patients, and caregivers
Authors: Ramadurai Deepa , Corder Stephanie , Churney Tara , Graney Bridget , Harshman Andrea , Meadows Sarah , Swigris Jeffrey J
Published: July 2019

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease associated with poor quality of life. Debilitating symptoms and the reality of shortened survival impact patients’ physical and emotional well-being and constrain the lives of patients’ caregivers. This study assessed the informational needs of medical providers who care for patients with IPF, IPF patients themselves, and their caregivers. Tailored surveys were sent electronically to providers, patients with IPF, and caregivers of patients with IPF collected on a rolling basis in March of 2017. Providers answered questions regarding their own informational needs and what information they believed patients needed. Patients and caregivers identified their own informational needs and the perceived needs for each other. About 2636 surveys were sent to providers, including 2041 to physicians, of whom 156 completed it. One hundred sixty patients and 29 caregivers responded to the survey via a link on a website. Eighty-six percent of providers described themselves as physicians who diagnose and treat IPF patients themselves. Providers ranked information on “making the diagnosis of IPF” as their top informational need. Patients and caregivers chose “disease progression/what to expect” as the most important informational need for themselves and for each other. Providers want to make a correct diagnosis when IPF is in the differential diagnosis. Patients and caregivers desire clarity around how IPF will behave over time and what their futures with IPF will look like. Resources for patients and their caregivers should include information on disease natural history in empathically worded, clear, and easily accessible formats.
Immediate Benefit of Art on Pain and Well-Being in Community-Dwelling Patients with Mild Alzheimer's
Authors: Pongan Elodie , Delphin-Combe Floriane , Krolak-Salmon Pierre , Leveque Yohana , Tillmann Barbara , Bachelet Romain , Getenet Jean-Claude , Auguste Nicolas , Trombert Béatrice , Dorey Jean-Michel , Laurent Bernard , Rouch Isabelle
Published: July 2019

Objective:

The present report aims to evaluate whether singing intervention can bring an immediate benefit that is greater than the one provided by painting intervention on pain and well-being.

Methods:

Fifty-nine mild patients with Alzheimer disease were randomized to a 12-week singing (n = 31) or painting group (n = 28). In the present analysis, the immediate evolution of pain and well-being was compared across sessions between the 2 groups using mixed-effects models.

Results:

We observed a significant improvement in well-being for both singing and painting groups immediately after sessions, compared to the assessment before the sessions. We did not observe this improvement across the sessions for pain intensity measurement.

Discussion:

Our results revealed that both painting and singing interventions provide an immediate benefit on the patients’ well-being.
Reoperation After Operative Fixation of Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Fractures
Authors: Oflazoglu Kamilcan , Wilkens Suzanne C. , Rakhorst Hinne , Ring David , Chen Neal C.
Published: July 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the reoperation rate and what factors are associated with reoperation of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint fractures. Methods: We identified 161 surgically treated PIP joint fractures between 2004 and 2015 at 2 academic medical systems. Demographic, injury, radiographic, and treatment data that might be associated with reoperation were collected. Bivariate analysis was performed. Factors identified during bivariate analysis with a P < .10 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 161 fingers, 25 underwent revision surgery. Open fracture was independently associated with revision surgery. The most common indication for reoperation was joint stiffness (35%). In a subanalysis of 111 closed fractures, no factors were associated with revision surgery. Conclusions: Soft tissue injury is a major factor in reoperation after PIP joint fracture dislocation. Specific attention should be paid to persistent subluxation because this may predispose to early arthrosis.
The Modified Ultrasound-Guided Distal-to-Proximal Carpal Tunnel Injection With Median Nerve Hydrodissection: A Retrospective Safety Review of 827 Procedures
Authors: Guo Kathy , McCool Logan , Wang Hao , Guo Danzhu , Guo Danqing
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of this report is to describe a new ultrasound guided technique for carpal tunnel injection and median nerve hydrodissection using distal to proximal approach. Methods: From 2015 to 2019, 827 consecutive injections by distal-to-proximal approach were included using coding information to check for post-procedural skin hypopigmentation, hematoma, seroma, nerve injury, or vascular injury. Results: There were no occurrences of post-procedural skin-hypopigmentation, hematoma or seroma formation, or neurovascular injury. Conclusions: The distal approach carpal tunnel injection is a safe and effective method. It may directly inject the medication into carpal tunnel to avoid skin hypopigmentation from steroid side effect with previous report method, also it may release adhesion of median nerve with surrounding soft tissue by hydrodissection. It helps median nerve compression at outlet of carpal tunnel.