bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical, Thermal Properties and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of N-Acetylglycine Single Crystal
Authors: Thanigaiarasu V.J. , Kanagathara N. , Usha R. , Sabari V. , Natarajan V.
Published: December 2020

Mechanical properties of some amino acid based derivatives plays a versatile role in the device
fabrication due to its mechanical strength. One such acetyl derivative of glycine named N-acetylglycine
has been taken in the present study for investigation. Hardness analysis has been carried out on the
grown crystal with various loads and it was observed that Vicker’s hardness number (Hv) varied for
different loads. The work hardening coefficient is calculated to be 1.628 which confirms that the
grown crystal comes under moderately hard material category. Other mechanical parameters like
minimum load indentation (W), materials constant (k1), load dependent constant (A1) and elastic stiffness
constant (C11) have also been calculated. The thermal analysis has also been carried and it reveals that
the complete weight loss of N-acetylglycine starts from 208.60 ºC and ends at 281.58 ºC. The
corresponding DTA peak is observed at 217.97 ºC which is the melting point of the sample. As expected,
there is no phase transition till the material melts and this enhances the temperature range for the
utility of the crystal. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have been calculated. All the results
obtained from hardness as well as thermal measurement confirm the material may be suitable for
electro-optic device applications. Further, the 3D Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D fingerprint maps
gives deep insight into the intermolecular interactions between the compound.
Hydrogen Peroxide as an Adjunctive Therapy for Walled-Off Pancreatic Necrosis During Direct Endoscopic Necrosectomy: A Solution to the Problem or a Problematic Solution?
Authors: Baron Todd H.
Published: December 2020

Nearly 25 years after its initial description, endoscopic therapy of walled-off pancreatic necrosis has become widely accepted. Endoscopic therapy is composed of transmural placement of stents, now most commonly lumen-apposing metal stents and removal of solid debris, if needed. Removal of solid debris can be achieved with irrigation provided by percutaneously or endoscopically placed (nasocystic) tubes or by mechanically through direct necrosectomy. This editorial provides commentary on the use of hydrogen peroxide instilled at the time of direct necrosectomy for treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis.
Introduction: Colonization, Modernity, and the Editorialization of the Americas
Authors: Reynolds Andrew R.
Published: December 2020

This introduction prefaces a compact essay cluster on editorial and textual thought in Spanish America. Providing several examples of editorial influence throughout Spanish American textual history, this essay provides an overview of the evolution of the largely imposed editorialization of Spanish America by colonial and then both regional and global forces. The essay then gives an overview of the three articles included in the dossier and their adeptness in introducing Textual Cultures’ readers to the field of Spanish American editorial and textual studies.
The BIFLOW-Toscana Bilingue Catalogue: A Digital Representation of the Socio-cultural History of Translation in the Tuscan Middle Ages (1260–1430)
Authors: Mancinelli Tiziana , Montefusco Antonio
Published: December 2020

This article aims at presenting the Biflow-Toscana Bilingue catalogue, the final outcome of the Biflow (Bilingualism in Florentine and Tuscan Works) ERC project, which investigates the forms and modes of the transmission of texts circulating in several languages in medieval Tuscany between the end of the thirteenth and the middle of the fifteenth century (translations of non-classical texts produced or realized in Tuscany between 1260 and 1430). The construction of a digital catalogue comprehends the theoretical framework and methodological backgrounds of the many fields involved in the project; more crucially, this research focused on the tradition and translations of texts transmitted in manuscripts seeks to reshape humanistic methods and methodologies in order to find the best solutions for representing it with computational models.
The Unfinished Text in the Thickening Description: From Genetic Criticism to Cultural Transfer Studies (The case of Zbigniew Herbert’s Winter Tale)
Authors: Antoniuk Mateusz
Published: December 2020

On the threshold of the 1970s Zbigniew Herbert, an eminent Polish poet and writer, was working on a play entitled Baśń zimowa (Winter Tale), which can be described as a truly international, interlingual, and transcultural phenomenon of textual culture. Written in Polish and ultimately intended for publication in German translation, it was inspired by a short story by James Stevenson published in The New Yorker magazine. For a number of reasons, Herbert never completed the text and all that remains is the archival material (plans, rough drafts, a newspaper cutting). Using this case as a platform, I attempt to investigate the potential for cooperation between the disciplines of genetic criticism on the one hand and cultural transfer studies on the other. A discussion of the ontology of unfinished and abandoned work provides a backdrop to the major themes.
Formación inicial de profesores en ciencias: un análisis del discurso de los programas de educación ambiental de una licenciatura colombiana
Authors: Mejía-Cáceres María Angélica , Andrade Carolina , Freire Laísa María
Published: December 2020

Este estudio tuvo como propósito caracterizar el conocimiento de educación ambiental materializado en la Licenciatura en Educación Básica con énfasis en Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental, de una universidad colombiana. Para ello, se usó como referencial teórico-metodológico el análisis crítico del discurso, el cual considera tres dimensiones: el discurso, la cognición y la sociedad. Se enfatizó en la dimensión cognitiva materializada en el discurso. En este sentido, se consideró aquello que expresa, presupone, omite y distribuye la licenciatura sobre educación ambiental a través de sus programas curriculares que orientan el componente ambiental, en este caso, el programa de los cursos: Historia y Educación Ambiental, Cultura del Paisaje, Problemas Ambientales I y II, Educación Ambiental y Desarrollo Sostenible, y Proyectos Ambientales Escolares. Para lograr lo anterior, se utilizó el análisis semántico yepistémico del discurso, mediante las categorías de temas, definiciones, implicaciones y presuposiciones, fuentes y modalidad. Se encontró que la cognición social de los profesores puede influenciar su práctica educativa. Por ejemplo, de acuerdo con los objetivos del proceso de formación se encontró diálogo de la educación ambiental con conocimientos de tipo científicos, axiológicos, económicos, políticos e históricos.Sin embargo, también se halló omisión de conocimientos como las injusticias socioambientales y tiempos históricos de movimientos sociales, entre otros.
A consideração da diversidade cultural no ensino de ciências: percepções de futuros professores
Authors: Ferreira Amorim Camilla , Geilsa
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa cujo objetivo central foi identificar qual a percepção dos estudantes dos cursos de Biologia e Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, Brasil, sobre a consideração da diversidade cultural presente nas salas de aulas nos momentos de ensino e, com base nisto, abalizar proposições que contribuam para os currículos desses cursos e formação docente sensível à diversidade cultural. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com dez futuros professores. As falas foram transcritas e sobre elas procedeu-se a Análise de Conteúdo. A maioria dos entrevistados acredita que não está preparada para lidar com a diversidade cultural presente nas escolas e salas de aula, nem mesmo após a conclusão dos seus respectivos cursos. Concluímos que a inserção e a interação do futuro docente no ambiente escolar devem ser realizadas ainda no início do curso, e não de forma reduzida a um espaço isolado, que a restrinja apenas nos componentes curriculares de estágio.
The Effect of Nigella Sativa on Clinical Improvement of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Patients
Authors: Lusia Lusia , Farokah Farokah , Budiarti Rery
Published: December 2020

Background : Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) decribes as retrograde reflux from gaster into the laryngopharynx because of the premature relaxation upper esophageal sphincter. The management of LPR patients includes lifestyle and dietary arrangements, medical therapy and surgical management. Nigella sativa (NS) / black cumin  has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and gastroprotective effects that are expected to provide clinical improvement in LPR patients.Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of NS on the clinical improvement of LPR patients.Methods : This research is an intervention study using pre and post test design methods of 34 LPR patients in Dr. Kariadi, hospital and 2 affiliated hospital  from November 2019 - March 2020.Result : 24 patients with complete data while 10 patients were unable to evaluate RFS because of a pandemic. The treatment group (15 patients) were given  omeprazole 20 mg / 12 hours plus NS 1000 mg / 12 hours orally and control group (9 patients) were given omeprazole 20 mg / 12 hours orally and placebo. Data were tested by Shapiro Wilk test, followed by the appropriate parametric test, and Fisher's exact test. There were no differences in clinical improvement in LPR based on RSI and RFS values between groups given additional NS and groups without NS, p 0.105.Conclusion : there were no significant differences in clinical improvement between groups given additional NS and groups without NS.
The BDNF-Increasing Allele is Associated With Increased Proportion of Fast-Twitch Muscle Fibers, Handgrip Strength, and Power Athlete Status
Authors: Guilherme João Paulo L.F. , Semenova Ekaterina A. , Borisov Oleg V. , Kostryukova Elena S. , Vepkhvadze Tatiana F. , Lysenko Evgeny A. , Andryushchenko Oleg N. , Andryushchenko Liliya B. , Lednev Egor M. , Larin Andrey K. , Bondareva Elvira A. , Generozov Edward V. , Ahmetov Ildus I.
Published: December 2020

Guilherme, JPLF, Semenova, EA, Borisov, OV, Kostryukova, ES, Vepkhvadze, TF, Lysenko, EA, Andryushchenko, ON, Andryushchenko, LB, Lednev, EM, Larin, AK, Bondareva, EA, Generozov, EV, and Ahmetov, II. The BDNF-increasing allele is associated with increased proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers, handgrip strength, and power athlete status. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1884–1889, 2022—The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in neurogenesis and formation of regenerated myofibers following injury or damage. A recent study suggested that the BDNF overexpression increases the proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers, while the BDNF deletion promotes a fast-to-slow transition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the BDNF gene rs10501089 polymorphism (associated with blood BDNF levels), muscle fiber composition, and power athlete status. Muscle fiber composition was determined in 164 physically active individuals (113 men, 51 women). BDNF genotype and allele frequencies were compared between 508 Russian power athletes, 178 endurance athletes, and 190 controls. We found that carriers of the minor A-allele (the BDNF-increasing allele) had significantly higher percentage of fast-twitch muscle fibers than individuals homozygous for the G-allele (males: 64.3 [7.8] vs. 50.3 [15.8]%, p = 0.0015; all subjects: 64.1 ± 7.9 vs. 49.6 ± 14.7%, p = 0.0002). Furthermore, the A-allele was associated (p = 0.036) with greater handgrip strength in a sub-group of physically active subjects (n = 83) and over-represented in power athletes compared with controls (7.7 vs. 2.4%, p = 0.0001). The presence of the A-allele (i.e., AA+AG genotypes) rather than GG genotype increased the odds ratio of being a power athlete compared with controls (odds ratio [OR]: 3.43, p = 0.00071) or endurance athletes (OR: 2.36, p = 0.0081). In conclusion, the rs10501089 A-allele is associated with increased proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers and greater handgrip strength, and these may explain, in part, the association between the AA/AG genotypes and power athlete status.
Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches: A Snapshot From Different Sports, Countries, and Expertise Levels
Authors: Weldon Anthony , Duncan Michael J. , Turner Anthony , LaPlaca David , Sampaio Jaime , Christie Candice J.
Published: December 2020

Weldon, A, Duncan, MJ, Turner, A, LaPlaca, D, Sampaio, J, and Christie, CJ. Practices of strength and conditioning coaches: a snapshot from different sports, countries, and expertise levels. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1335–1344, 2022—This study describes the practices of strength and conditioning coaches (SCCs) from different sports, countries, and expertise levels. One hundred fifty-six SCCs (31.9 ± 8.9 years old) completed an online survey, consisting of 40 questions (36 fixed response and 4 open-ended), with 8 sections as follows: (a) background information, (b) muscular strength and power development, (c) speed development, (d) plyometrics, (e) flexibility development, (f) physical testing, (g) technology use, and (h) programming and any additional comments. Responses were received from 48 sports and 17 countries. This study provides exploratory evidence incorporating responses primarily in soccer (45%), track and field (30%), volleyball (23%), golf (17%), and tennis (17%). A bachelor's degree or higher were held by 99% of SCCs, of which 94% were in a sports science–related field, and 71% held a strength and conditioning related certification or accreditation. Periodization strategies and physical testing were used by 96% and 94% of SCCs respectively. The hang clean (82%), power clean (76%), and clean high pull (63%) were the most prescribed Olympic weightlifting exercises. Multiple hops/lunges (84%) were the most prescribed plyometrics exercises. For open-ended questions, 40% of SCCs wanted to integrate more technology into their programs and 30% believed technology will be the main future trend. Strength and conditioning coaches from different sports, countries, and expertise levels can use the information presented in this study to review their current practices and provide a source of new ideas for diversifying or modifying future practices.
Effects of Transspinal Direct Current Stimulation on Cycling Perception of Effort and Time to Exhaustion
Authors: Ciccone Anthony B. , Fry Andrew C. , Emerson Dawn M. , Gallagher Philip M. , Herda Trent J. , Weir Joseph P.
Published: December 2020

Ciccone, AB, Fry, AC, Emerson, DM, Gallagher, PM, Herda, TJ, and Weir, JP. Effects of transspinal direct current stimulation on cycling perception of effort and time to exhaustion. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 347–352, 2021—In the past decade, researchers have investigated the efficacy of transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) on the central nervous system and afferent neuron function in humans. Recently, data have suggested it may be possible for such tsDCS-induced changes in neuromuscular function to enhance performance. This study used noninvasive thoracic spine tsDCS to determine if cycling performance and perception of effort could be modulated by tsDCS. In 3 different stimulation conditions, anodal, cathodal, and sham, subjects cycled at 80% of their maximal aerobic capacity until exhaustion and reported their rating of perceived exertion (RPE) every minute. From this period, we compared the RPE responses over the first 3 minutes and time to exhaustion. There was no significant difference in time to exhaustion between anodal (408 ± 121 seconds), cathodal (413 ± 168 seconds), and sham (440 ± 189 seconds) conditions (p = 0.58). There was no significant difference in RPE from minutes 1–3 (collapsed across time) between anodal (12.9 ± 2.4 arbitrary units (AUs)), cathodal (13.3 ± 2.2 AUs), and sham (12.9 ± 2.1 AUs) conditions (p = 0.51). These data suggest tsDCS condition did not influence cycling performance or perception of effort during high-intensity cycling. Therefore, thoracic spine and lower abdominal montage delivering a current density of 0.071 mA·cm−2 for 20 minutes likely does not substantially improve high-intensity cycling work capacity. Therefore, more research is needed to investigate the efficacy of tsDCS and which stimulation methods may and may not enhance human performance.
Traditional 3- to 5-Minute Interset Rest Periods May Not Be Necessary When Performing Fewer Repetitions Per Set: Using Clean Pulls as an Example
Authors: Jukic Ivan , Tufano James J.
Published: December 2020

Jukic, I and Tufano, JJ. Traditional 3- to 5-minute interset rest periods may not be necessary when performing fewer repetitions per set: Using clean pulls as an example. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3015–3022, 2022—Three to 5 minutes of interset rest is often recommended for power-based exercises, but those recommendations are largely based on performing many repetitions per set, which can induce fatigue and require such lengthy rest periods. If the number of repetitions per set is reduced before fatigue ensues, interset rest periods may also be reduced without sacrificing performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of this notion on barbell velocity and power output over multiple sets of clean pulls using different loads in strength-trained men. Fifteen strength-trained men performed 3 extended sets of 6 clean pulls using 80% (EXT80), 100% (EXT100), and 120% (EXT120) of power clean 1 repetition maximum with 180 seconds of interset rest and 9 short sets of 2 using 80% (SHT80), 100% (SHT100), and 120% (SHT120) with 45 seconds of interset rest. Peak velocity was greater during short set protocol than extended set protocol (80%: 1.74 ± 0.16 vs. 1.68 ± 0.15 m/s; 100%: 1.47 ± 0.15 vs. 1.41 ± 0.12 m/s; 120%: 1.21 ± 0.13 vs. 1.16 ± 0.15 m/s; p < 0.05). Furthermore, peak power was greater during SHT100 (1874.6 ± 267.5 vs. 1732.3 ± 250.4 W; p < 0.05) and SHT120 (1777.8 ± 226.1 vs. 1,650.4 ± 249.1 W; p < 0.05) than EXT100 and EXT120, respectively. Therefore, reducing the number of repetitions per set may allow for interset rest periods to also be reduced while better maintaining performance. However, the extent to which rest periods can be shortened warrants further investigation as total rest time was equal in this study.
Neuropsychological Study on the Effects of Boxing Upon Athletes' Memory
Authors: Teng Yuzhu , Yu Qianchun , Yu Xiaojun , Zhan Lei , Wang Kai
Published: December 2020

Teng, Y, Yu, Q, Yu, X, Zhan, L, and Wang, K. Neuropsychological study on the effects of boxing upon athletes' memory. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3462–3467, 2022—This study attempts to explore the impairment of athletes' memory caused by 1 year of boxing training according to the n-back test and Chinese auditory learning test (CALT). Accordingly, 58 new athletes were prospectively analyzed from a sports school, where 28 athletes who received boxing training were regarded as the exposed group and 30 athletes who received matched training were taken as unexposed group for a duration of 1 year. All subjects respectively completed an n-back test (to test working memory) and a CALT test (to test short-term memory and long-term memory) before and after the training. During the tests, accuracy and reaction time from the n-back test and the correct number from CALT were recorded. The accuracy of the boxing group was observed to be lower than that of the matched group in the 2-back test (p < 0.05), whereas the reaction time of the boxing group was longer than that of the matched group (p < 0.05) after a year of boxing practice. The results of CALT1 (short-term memory), CALT8 (long-term memory), and CALT9 (recognition memory) were lower in the boxing group than that in the matched group after a year (p < 0.05). The results suggest that exposure to 1 year of boxing training can impair the boxers' working memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Therefore, boxers should strengthen their head protection during training to avoid frequent impacts to the head.
Studies on Pectin-Polyvinyl Alcohol–Based Biodegradable Polymer Blend Electrolytes
Authors: Nithya Priya C. , Muruganandham R. , Muthuvinayagam M. , Vahini M.
Published: December 2020

Biodegradable polymer blend electrolytes based on Pectin–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a constant amount of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) salt are prepared by using a solution casting technique. The complexation between polymers and salt is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the AC impedance technique is implied to analyze the ionic conductivity of the prepared samples. When synthetic polymer PVA is added with pectin, the ionic conductivity increases. Pectin: PVA:NaNO3[00.100.04] blend polymer electrolyte shows the higher ionic conductivity of 4.3×10−6 (S/cm) at room temperature. Further, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the polymer electrolytes are also analyzed.
Performance and nutrient utilisation of dairy cows offered silages produced from three successive harvests of either a red clover–perennial ryegrass sward or a perennial ryegrass sward
Authors: Johnston D.J. , Laidlaw A.S. , Theodoridou K. , Ferris C.P.
Published: December 2020

The need to reduce reliance on imported protein feeds within the UK and Ireland has stimulated interest in locally grown forage legume crops, including red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). This 13-wk study examined the performance of 28 dairy cows offered silages produced from three successive harvests (H) of either a pure grass sward (GS) receiving 315 kg N/ha per annum or a red clover–perennial ryegrass sward (RCGS) receiving 22 kg N/ha per annum. The crops of H1, H2 and H3 were wilted for 48, 72 and 72 h, respectively. Silages from H1, H2 and H3 were offered for 5, 5 and 3 wk, respectively, with cows supplemented with 8.0 kg concentrate/d throughout the experiment. Digestibility of DM and the effectively degradable protein content were lower, while protein degradability was higher, for RCGS than for GS. Silage DM intakes (DMIs) were higher for RCGS than for GS at H1 and H2, with no differences at H3. Milk yield was higher with RCGS than with GS at H3, with no differences at H1 and H2. Milk fat and milk protein contents were lower with RCGS than with GS at H3 but did not differ at H1 and H2. Faecal N/N intake was higher in the RCGS group than in the GS group at H1, with no differences at H2 and H3. Gross energy digestibility was lower for RCGS than for GS at H2. Although cow performance was higher with RCGS treatment, the responses were variable between harvests, largely reflecting the changing proportion of RC in the swards as the season progressed.
Phytolith records of flourishing early Holocene Pooideae linked to an 8.2 ka cold event in subtropical China
Authors: Zuo Xinxin , Lu Houyuan , Li Zhen , Song Bing , Xu Deke , Dai Jinqi
Published: December 2020

The grass subfamily Pooideae originated in a temperate niche during the late Cretaceous; it is the largest Poaceae subfamily, consisting of almost 4,000 species, which are distributed worldwide. Pooideae responses to climate changes at different time scales, and different ecological zones are thus important in understanding Poaceae evolutionary processes and their relationship with climate change. In the study described in this article, we reconstructed Pooideae variability during the early Holocene, as inferred by a phytolith sequence from the Lower Yangtze in subtropical China. The phytolith assemblage was marked by three increases in Pooideae phytoliths, dated to ca 8.4–8.0, 7.8–7.6, and 7.4–7.2 ka BP (before present, 1950 AD), with each representing pronounced increases in Pooideae extent and distribution. All these increases were within age ranges that agreed well with the timing of weak Asian Monsoon events, at 8.2, 7.7, and 7.3 ka BP. The first Pooideae flourishing period in subtropical China was the most significant, lasting for approximately four centuries and being characterized by a double peak, which equated with an event at 8.2 ka. This suggested that cold and/or dry conditions—which occurred over a period of several hundred years and were linked to weakening of the Asian monsoon—probably caused Pooideae to flourish in the Lower Yangtze region. Comparison of two diagnostic trapezoid phytolith types—namely wavy and wavy narrow—which showed different changes between ca 8.4 and 8.0 ka BP, suggested that they responded differently to the climate change represented by the 8.2 ka event. Our phytolith records have provided not only new data clarifying the detailed Pooideae response to the 8.2 ka event but also a reliable index for past cold climates in subtropical China.
With the Alma no Olho
Authors: Oliveira Janaína
Published: December 2020

In an impressionistic, episodic appreciation, Janaína Oliveira reconsiders the legacy of Black Brazilian filmmaker Zózimo Bulbul. She argues that Bulbul’s status as a pioneer for black Brazilian cinema does not reside in historical chronology, but rather in the aesthetic and narrative advances accomplished by his short film, Alma no olho (Soul in the Eye), in which he also starred. Having endured almost forty years of neglect by the Brazilian film establishment, Alma no olho is now being taken up again as a reference point by a new generation of Black Brazilian filmmakers.
Performance Indicators of Basic Infrastructure of Kotaku Program (The City without Slums)
Authors: Tribhuwana Awliya , Farhan Ohan
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Wotgali Village is a slum area. The aim of the current research is to find out the performance of slum base infrastructure using Lakip (Government Agency Accountability Report) of KOTAKU (City without Slums) Program. The first step was performed by identifying the initial settlement (base line), then some treatments on the facilities and infrastructure (finish line), performance evaluation stages of the preparation, planning, implementation, and sustainability stages. The research used qualitative and quantitative approach. Qualitative measurement began with a numerical assessment of the results on the level of regional slum. In addition, quantitative data used the Lakip simulation using results of the KOTAKU program stage performance. Results of the initial condition reach value of 32%. It is categorized as slight slums with an average sectoral slum of 36.68%. Basic infrastructure development which has final technical reached 24% and is included in slight slum with an average sectoral of 27.50%. The performance of LAKIP Kotaku was in preparation phase 90.46% (very good performance), planning stage was 89.93% (very good performance), implementation stage was 90.25% (very good performance), sustainability stage was 85.21% (better performance). Thus, the achievement of KOTAKU program is 85.19% with a range of value of 80-90. The value is included as better performance result. Results of the analysis can be concluded that level of slum can be reduced to 19% (not slum) by creating some improvements to basic facilities and infrastructure. In the following year, involving Lakip Performance, the planning stage can be enhanced through community participation and active involvement.
The Effect Of Lamong River Flow Diversion To Bed Surface Degradation
Authors: Ikhsan Cahyono
Published: December 2020

Abstract Kali Lamong River with a trapezoidal channel shape has a bottom width of about 30 m, a top width of 40 m and a depth of 3.5 m. In one of the river segments, the basis is in the form of a fixed bed and it is assumed that there is no sediment transport in this section. On the downstream side after the fixed bed section, the river segment is a mobile bed with river bed material that has an average grain diameter of 1.5 mm, a relative mass density of 2.6, and porosity of 0.3. Flowrate with Q50 is 1000.00 m3/sec with a maximum flow speed of 15 m/sec. Riverbed degradation will occur initially at the upstream point in the fixed and mobile beds. Depth of riverbed degradation calculated by the Parabolic model of 80.00 cm / year based on the solution of the equation.
The Effectiveness of Playgrounds through Vegetated-Setting Approach in Tembalang, Indonesia
Authors: Widjajanti Retno , Ristianti Novia Sari
Published: December 2020

Abstract. As part of urban public space, playgrounds are a children's play space that can improve children's sensory, communication, and physical abilities. Playgrounds must be able to create comfort and education for children to engage with nature. One of the approaches to achieve is by the vegetated setting. Tembalang is a sub-district in Semarang, with children dominating 44% of the total population. Therefore, the playground's effectiveness in Tembalang was assessed based on comfort nature and connection with nature. Nine playgrounds are the object of this research. This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness level of the playground in Tembalang using the vegetated-setting approach. The research used a quantitative approach with Guttman-Scale scoring. This study's output assesses the level of effectiveness of the vegetated-setting playground through two aspects. The first aspect, comfort nature, which included in the effective level (71%) in the form of vegetation, protects children from heat and rain while playing, vegetation that provides shelter when children relax or gather under trees, vegetation can cause cold air and the condition of the grass field. It is comfortable to use and is not slippery. In comparison, the second aspect, the connection with nature, is included in the effective level (50%) in the form of plucked vegetation such as fruit or flowers, vegetation that can climb to train the child physically, vegetation that can bring animals to live in, such as birds or butterflies, and grass fields that children can use for running and physical activity.
Analysis of Pedestrian Travel Demand for Bus Trans Semarang through 3D Method (Density, Diversity, Design)
Authors: Rakhmatulloh Anita Ratnasari , Dewi Diah Intan Kusumo , Nugraheni Dinar Mutiara Kusumo
Published: December 2020

The growing number of private transportation ownership from year to year creates congestion problems, especially in urban areas. Public transportation conditions such as the Rapid Transit Bus (BRT) are an alternative way to use transportation. BRT Trans Semarang Corridor 1 is the busiest public transportation route in Semarang City that stretches from Mangkang Terminal to Penggaron Terminal. About 50% of the passengers of BRT Trans Semarang Corridor 1 chose to walk to and from the bus stops. However, in reality, currently, the conditions of the pedestrian paths are less than optimal in creating pedestrian comfort, and the integration system is still minimal with various modes. The purpose of this study is to identify a travel demand model suitable for pedestrian BRT Trans Semarang Corridor 1 passenger using the new urbanism 3D approach (Density, Diversity, Design). Where the data collection for analysis needs using naturalistic observation techniques by looking at the condition of the object of research in a more real way directly to the field. Density analysis used descriptive statistical analysis methods and simulated interpolation of population and building density data using the ArcGIS 10.3 application to generate pedestrian demand for their environmental density. In analyzing diversity using the land-use distribution simulation method with ArcGIS 10.3 and FAR (Floor Area Ratio) analysis using the 2016 Sketchup simulation. Compile a pedestrian path model recommendation under pedestrian demand.
VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE MALİYET PERFORMANSI ÖLÇÜMÜ: BIST TEKSTİL SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KILLI Mustafa , ULUDAĞ Sümeyye
Published: December 2020

Küreselleşen dünyada işletmelerin rakipleri ile rekabet edebilmeleri için maliyet üstünlüğü sağlamaları gerekmektedir. Geçmiş verilerden elde edilen maliyet sonuçları ile maliyet performans ölçümleri yapılması işletme yöneticilerinin geleceğe ilişkin daha doğru karar almasına yardımcı olacaktır. Çalışmanın amacı tekstil, giyim eşyası ve deri sektöründe faaliyette bulunan işletmelerin maliyet performanslarını ölçerek, mevcut durumlarını belirlemek ve işletmelerin gelecekte daha etkin hale gelebilmeleri için öngörüde bulunmaktır. İşletmeler arasında gerçekleşen kıyaslama sonucunda, etkin olmayan tekstil işletmelerinin girdi düzeylerinde iyileştirme yapılması, etkin olmayan işletmeler için referans seti tespit edilerek ve yönetim muhasebesi kapsamında da yöneticilere yol göstermesi amaçlanmaktadır.  Çalışmamızda Borsa İstanbul (BIST)’da işlem gören tekstil, giyim eşyası ve deri sektöründe yer alan 19 adet işletmenin 2017-2019 yılları finansal tablolarından elde edilen maliyet verileri ile aynı sektörde kıyaslama imkânı sağlayan, birden fazla girdi ve çıktı kullanılabilen en popüler performans ölçüm yöntemlerinden biri olan Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) uygulanarak işletmelerin maliyet etkinlik ölçümü yapılmıştır. İşletmeler etkinliklerine göre sıralanmıştır. İşletmeler arasında etkinlik değerleri yıllara göre farklılık göstermiştir. 2 işletmenin incelenen yıllarda ölçek verimlilikleri etkin çıkarken, diğer işletmeler etkinliklerini düzenli olarak sürdürememiştir.
Functional significance of germline EPAS1 variants
Authors: Dwight Trisha , Kim Edward , Bastard Karine , Benn Diana E , Eisenhofer Graeme , Richter Susan , Mannelli Massimo , Rapizzi Elena , Prejbisz Aleksander , Pęczkowska Mariola , Pacak Karel , Clifton-Bligh Roderick
Published: December 2020

Mosaic or somatic EPAS1 mutations are associated with a range of phenotypes including pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma (PPGL), polycythemia and somatostatinoma. The pathogenic potential of germline EPAS1 variants however is not well understood. We report a number of germline EPAS1 variants occurring in patients with PPGL, including a novel variant c.739C>A (p.Arg247Ser); a previously described variant c.1121T>A (p.Phe374Tyr); several rare variants, c.581A>G (p.His194Arg), c.2353C>A (p.Pro785Thr) and c.2365A>G (p.Ile789Val); a common variant c.2296A>C (p.Thr766Pro). We performed detailed functional studies to understand their pathogenic role in PPGL. In transient transfection studies, EPAS1/HIF-2α p.Arg247Ser, p.Phe374Tyr and p.Pro785Thr were all stable in normoxia. In co-immunoprecipitation assays, only the novel variant p.Arg247Ser showed diminished interaction with pVHL. A direct interaction between HIF-2α Arg247 and pVHL was confirmed in structural models. Transactivation was assessed by means of a HRE-containing reporter gene in transiently transfected cells, and significantly higher reporter activity was only observed with EPAS1/HIF-2α p.Phe374Tyr and p.Pro785Thr. In conclusion, three germline EPAS1 variants (c.739C>A (p.Arg247Ser), c.1121T>A (p.Phe374Tyr) and c.2353C>A (p.Pro785Thr)) all have some functional features in common with somatic activating mutations. Our findings suggest that these three germline variants are hypermorphic alleles that may act as modifiers to the expression of PPGLs.
Características clínicas, radiológicas y de laboratorio en pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19. Revisión sistemática viva
Authors: Vasco-Morales Santiago , Vasco-Toapanta Cristhian Santiago , Toapanta-Pinta Paola Cristina
Published: December 2020

Introducción. Desde que se reportaron los primeros casos de COVID-19, sus características clínicas y epidemiológicas han sido constantemente estudiadas, pero aún no han sido definidas.
Objetivo. Estimar el perfil epidemiológico, así como las características clínicas, radiológicas y de laboratorio en pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19.
Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática viva en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y SciELO; para la búsqueda se consideraron estudios observacionales publicados entre enero 1 de 2020 y julio 20 de 2020, sin restricción de idioma, que describieran características clínicas, radiológicas y de laboratorio en población pediátrica con COVID-19; también se incluyeron reportes gubernamentales y epidemiológicos, y artículos publicados en formato pre-print. Se realizaron metaanálisis de proporción única (método frecuentista) y de dos proporciones (método bayesiano). El registro y el protocolo del estudio están disponibles en https://osf.io/y43wm y https://osf.io/r8ktv, respectivamente.
Resultados. Se encontraron 13 estudios, con un total de 9 152 pacientes. El metaanálisis bayesiano reportó una mayor afectación del sexo masculino: OR: 1.2 (HDI95%: 1.09-1.4). Los resultados de la proporción calculada por el metaanálisis frecuentista fueron: tos 52% (IC95%: 50-55), muerte 0% (IC95%: 0-0.1), niveles elevados de aspartato aminotransferasa 16% (IC95%: 13-19) y alteraciones pulmonares evidenciadas mediante estudios de imagen 60% (IC95%: 57-64).
Conclusiones. Con los datos actuales no es posible describir con exactitud las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la COVID-19 en población pediátrica. Sin embargo, existen indicios de una mayor afectación al sexo masculino, y de que las anormalidades pulmonares detectadas en radiografías y tomografías del tórax son más frecuentes que signos clínicos como la tos y la fiebre. Los resultados de laboratorio no son concluyentes y reflejan que diferentes órganos y sistemas son afectados por el SARS-CoV-2. Los hallazgos del presente estudio deben ser contrastados con estudios prospectivos controlados, con un mayor número de pacientes y un diseño más riguroso.
Models of Inter-Ethnic Interaction of Peoples of the Samara Volga Region (on the Example of the Village Bol’shaya Kamenka of Samara Region)
Authors: Kornishina Galina A. , Demidov Alexander N.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. For contemporary humanities one of the urgent problems is the study of the interaction and coexistence of people of different nationalities, as well as the transformation of their ethnic identity in the context of constant interethnic contacts. It is especially important to trace these processes in contact zones, in particular in ethnically mixed villages, an example of which is the village of Bol’shaya Kamenka in Samara region. Research Methods. The authors used historical-comparative and structural-functional methods. They made it possible to analyze the transformations of the cultural and linguistic sphere of the ethnic groups under consideration and determine their results. Field studies were conducted in a qualitative paradigm, in the framework of which an empirical interpretation of the concepts associated with the study was carried out. Results. The article discusses the ethno-territorial structure of the settlement, analyzes the processes of interethnic interaction between Russians and Mordvinians, resulting from the types of ethnic self-awareness / identity of people, in particular, such a component as a sense of oneself. The prospects and significance of the model of consolidation (solidarity) of the rural community in the context of both Russian-Mordvinian and interethnic interaction in the Samara Volga are estimated. Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the result of the long Russian-Mordovian interaction in the village of Bol’shaya Kamenka of the Samara region was a model of consolidation or solidarity of various ethnic groups. It continues to work now. Not only representatives of ethnic groups historically living in the Samara region have the opportunity to join it, but also migrants who moved here relatively recently.
Measuring Nineteenth Century Regional Economic Growth: Historiography and Methods
Authors: Karasev Dmitry Yu.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The scope of regional economic inequality, its causes and consequences are relevant issues in the economic history. High regional inequality impedes representative estimation of national economic development and international comparison. The end of 19th and beginning of 20th centuries was the time when industrialization, states’ economic and political integration led to their regional divergence/convergence. Methods. The main challenge of measuring and accounting for 19th century regional economic growth is a scarcity of regional historical and economic statistics. Thus, the paper concerns with historiographical analysis of successful attempts to face this challenge in economic history. Results. It can be distinguished three approaches to historical regional economies accounting depending of relevant statistics availability: 1) for countries with high regional-data integrity, GRP can be estimated as a sum of its residents’ incomes (R. Easterling’s method); 2) for countries with moderate regional statistics being saved, it is possible to estimate GRP through distributing known GDP totals across regions on the basis of indicators of regional sectors’ shares (Geary-Stark method); 3) for countries with poor regional historical statistics it fits only short-cut approach on the basis of indirect regional economic indicators (Crafts’ approach and Good–Ma method). Furthermore, the paper deals with following methods and models used in quantitative explorations of unequal regional economic development: shift-share analysis, β and σ-convergence. Discussion. It appears that historical statistics from the Governors reports makes possible to distribute known national values added in the first and secondary sectors across provinces of the late-nineteenth century Russian Empire in the line with Geary–Stark methodology. The contribution of tertiary sector to the provinces’ economic growth could be estimated on the basis of indirect indicators from the same historical source and the other sources, following Good–Ma methodology. Finally, the cross-checking of the GRP to be calculated is possible through comparison with A. Markevich estimates for 1897.
Comparison of the Daily Fitness Test in Nursing Home Residents and Community-Dwelling Residents Elderly Women
Authors: Suk Min-Hwa , Jang Hee-Seung , Lee Jin-Wook
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to compare the daily fitness tests of nursing home residents and community-dwelling elderly women after 16 weeks program.METHODS:Thirty elderly women living in a nursing home (n=14) or community (n=16) participated in the study. The program was assigned 1 hour twice a week for 16 weeks to improve the physical activity for the elderly women. The daily fitness test assessed the physical fitness levels for elderly. The tests performed the 2-min step test, chair stand test, arm curl test, chair sit and reach test, backscratch test, 244-cm up and go test.RESULTS:A result of the study show that the daily physical fitness of the elderly women living in the community is higher than those living in nursing homes. After the program which induced physical activity, 2-min step test (p<.05) and 244-cm up and go test (p<.05) were much improved in the elderly living in nursing homes.CONCLUSIONS:Although the daily fitness of nursing home residents was lower than community-dwelling residents, there was a significant improvement after exercise program.
Não é fumaça, é fogo! Cruzada antigênero e resistências feministas no Brasil
Authors: Melo Flávia
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Eventos recentes posicionaram o gênero no cerne da vida pública brasileira. Neste artigo, descrevo dois processos imbricados a isso: a cruzada antigênero e a eclosão da “primavera feminista”. A primeira, estratégia católica transnacional, emergiu no Brasil em 2014. Anos depois, parlamentares pró-impeachment declararam votos em favor da família e contra a “ideologia de gênero” - expressão habilmente apropriada por uma poderosa coalizão dentro e fora do parlamento. Em 2018, a campanha antigênero voltou aos debates nacionais com a candidatura de Jair Bolsonaro à presidência. O rechaço ao candidato agregou milhares de mulheres nas redes sociais e nas ruas, formando o movimento #elenão. Porém, não se tratava de reação repentina ou inédita: as resistências das mulheres têm demonstrado a potência de suas alianças e contestado a tese da “cortina de fumaça” que rotula as táticas do atual governo.
Ocorrência de bactérias patogênicas e deteriorantes em sashimi de salmão: avaliação de histamina e de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos
Authors: Cordeiro Karina Silva , Galeno Lygia Silva , Mendonça Cáritas de Jesus Silva , Carvalho Isabel Azevedo , Costa Francisca Neide
Published: December 2020

Resumo O estudo das condições higiênico sanitárias de alimentos cárneos consumidos crus, como o sashimi, é necessário para definir sua qualidade e possíveis consequências para a saúde humana. Foram coletadas 60 amostras de sashimi de salmão (Salmo salar), de dez restaurantes na cidade de São Luís, Maranhão - Brasil, sendo seis de cada local. As amostras foram analisadas para contagem de coliformes a 35 °C, coliformes a 45 °C e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e negativa, identificação da presença de Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus e Aeromonas spp, teste de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos dos isolados e quantificação de histamina nas amostras. Os resultados mostraram elevadas contagens de coliformes a 35 °C e 12 amostras com >102 NMP/g de coliformes a 45 °C, presença de E. coli e de Salmonella sp. em 3 amostras cada, ausência de V. parahaemolyticus e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase negativa entre <20 e 5,0x104 UFC/g, presença de Aeromonas spp. em 95% das amostras, sendo 60 isolados A. hydrophila e 6 A. caviae. Para suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos, os isolados de E. coli foram sensíveis a CPM, CTX, LVX, PPT e SUT, dois resistentes a AMP; um resistente a GEN, um a AMI e um a AMC. Os isolados de Salmonella foram sensíveis a AMC, CPM, CFO, CRX, GEN, LVX e PPT, um resistente a AMI e um a AMP e SUT. Os isolados de Aeromonas foram resistentes em média a cinco dos antimicrobianos, sendo a AMP (97%), a CRX (90,9%) e a AMC (77,3%), e 81,8% foram sensíveis ao CPM. Os níveis de histamina variaram de 44,06 ± 0,74 a 505,46 ± 8,83 mg/kg, sendo 21 das amostras com níveis superiores a 100 mg/kg. As amostras apresentaram condições higiênicos sanitárias insatisfatórias e riscos para a saúde pública, por identificação de bactérias patogênicas e elevadas concentrações de histamina capazes de causar intoxicação escombróide, e ainda, isolados com multirresistência aos antimicrobianos testados.
Formação e Atuação em Psicologia Social e a Política de Pós-Graduação Brasileira
Authors: Costa Frederico Alves
Published: December 2020

Resumo Este artigo remete-se a resultados de uma pesquisa iniciada em 2014 que construiu um mapeamento de pesquisadores(as) de programas de pós-graduação (PPGs) brasileiros em psicologia social e em psicologia que identificavam a psicologia social como área de atuação no Lattes e apresentavam publicações científicas sobre temas políticos. A partir deste mapeamento, apresento um panorama sobre as universidades de formação em mestrado e doutorado e de atuação dos(as) pesquisadores(as), articulando-o com a reflexão sobre a construção e consolidação de PPGs no Brasil. Selecionamos 169 pesquisadores(as) vinculados a 37 PPG distintos, localizados nas cinco regiões do país. Os dados foram organizados em termos das universidades de formação e de atuação dos(as) pesquisadores(as) por períodos temporais. O panorama construído converge com um aspecto histórico marcante no desenvolvimento da pós-graduação brasileira: a concentração da formação em mestrado e doutorado e da atuação de pesquisadores(as) em PPGs da região sudeste. A Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e a Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) formaram 45% dos 169 docentes. Os/as pesquisadores(as) que mais orientaram os(as) docentes da pesquisa tiveram participação ativa na construção da psicologia social crítica brasileira. Considera-se importante realizar novas pesquisas sobre: a) o impacto do deslocamento de pesquisadores formados no sudeste para outras regiões no modo em que atuam nestas regiões; b) as consequências de mudanças na avaliação das assimetrias regionais propostas no VI Planos Nacionais de Pós-graduação - PNPG; c) as implicações do teto de gastos do Governo Federal na desigualdade regional referente ao investimento científico em pós-graduação.