bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Enactment of National Health Insurance: A Boolean Analysis of Twenty Advanced Industrial Countries
Authors: Blake Charles H. , Adolino Jessica R.
Published: December 2005

The scholarly literature on health care politics has generated a series of hypotheses to explain U.S. exceptionalism in health policy and to explain the adoption of national health insurance (NHI) more generally. Various cultural,institutional, and political conditions are held to make the establishment of some form of national health insurance policy more (or less) likely to occur. The literature is dominated by national and comparative case studies that illustrate the theoretical logic of these hypotheses but do not provide a framework for examining the hypotheses cross-nationally. This article is an initial attempt to address that void by using Boolean analysis to examine systematically several of the major propositions that emerge from the case study literature on the larger universe of twenty advanced industrial democracies. This comparative analysis offers considerable support for the veto points hypothesis while still finding each of the factors examined to be relevant in certain scenarios. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for future research and for advocates of national health insurance in the United States.
The Impact of South Africa's New Constitution on the Organization of Health Services in the Post-Apartheid Era
Authors: Pillay Yogan
Published: December 2005

This essay evaluates the transformation of the health care system in South Africa in the five years following the end of apartheid. This period has witnessed dramatic and wide-ranging changes in the roles of the central and provincial governments as well as many of the same problems related to decentralization as have been seen elsewhere in the world. The importance of effective intergovernmental relations to the creation of a national health system is highlighted. Negotiation, contracting, and coordination skills and mechanisms need to be strengthened to ensure a more effective national health system within a decentralized political system.
The Impact of Federal Alcohol and Drug Abuse Block Grants on State and Local Government Substance Abuse Program Expenditures: The Role of Federal Oversight
Authors: Gamkhar Shama , Sim Shao-Chee
Published: December 2005

Are the federal Alcohol and Drug Abuse (ADA) block grant funds substituting for or supplementing state and local government spending on substance abuse?Using panel data on state and local government substance abuse programs, this study explores the fiscal effects of the ADA block grant money and the increased enforcement (after 1989) of federal restrictions on state spending of ADA block grants. The findings here reveal that for the current period, the federal ADA grant has no statistically significant effect on state and local government substance abuse spending both before and after 1989, and the increased enforcement of federal restrictions on the ADA grants after 1989 does not change this result. An additional finding is that lagged ADA grants have had a large effect on substance abuse spending both before and after 1989—a feature of the program not considered in previous studies.
Effects of Tennessee Medicaid Managed Care On Obstetrical Care and Birth Outcomes
Authors: Conover Christopher J. , Rankin Peter J. , Sloan Frank A.
Published: December 2005

A comparative study was conducted in two neighboring states, Tennessee and North Carolina, to determine whether Medicaid managed care (implemented in Tennessee as TennCare) affected prenatal care, care patterns at labor-delivery, and birth outcomes. A pre- and post-design coupled with a difference-in-difference approach—using North Carolina as a control—was used to assess TennCare's effects for all births and for three categories of high-risk mothers (under age eighteen, unwed, or living in high poverty areas). Data from 328,296 singleton births in birth files and matched birth-death files for 1993 and 1995 in both states were used to analyze a number of variables related to maternal behavior during pregnancy,utilization of care before and after labor-delivery, patterns of obstetrical care at delivery, and birth outcomes.

Under TennCare, Tennessee mothers were relatively more likely to obtain no prenatal care or to wait and initiate third trimester care as compared to those in North Carolina. Relative utilization of specific prenatal procedures declined, Apgar scores fell very slightly, and birth abnormalities increased in the poverty subsample. TennCare had no significant effect on infant mortality. Utilization reductions in obstetrical services were achieved with apparent spillovers to non-TennCare births, but without adverse effects overall. TennCare was neither a panacea nor an unmitigated disaster. It is a model worth examining, but not uncritically.
Harry and Louise and Health Care Reform: Romancing Public Opinion
Authors: Goldsteen Raymond L. , Goldsteen Karen , Swan James H. , Clemeña Wendy
Published: December 2005

The question whether the “Harry and Louise” campaign ads,sponsored by the Health Insurance Association of America (HIAA) during the 1993–1994 health care reform debate, influenced public opinion has particular relevance today since interest groups are increasingly choosing commercial-style mass media campaigns to sway public opinion about health policy issues. Our study revisits the issue of the Harry and Louise campaign's influence on public opinion, comparing the ad campaign's messages to changes in opinion about health care reform over a twentysix-month period in Oklahoma. Looking at the overall trends just prior to the introduction of the Harry and Louise campaign, public opinion was going in the “wrong”direction, from the HIAA perspective. Moreover, public opinion continued in the wrong direction until the mid-point of the campaign. However, in either the turning point of the campaign in terms of message content and tone or in the lag period following it, public opinion reversed on each health reform issue and returned to precampaign levels. It appears from these findings that the campaign captured public opinion when support for issues that were unfavorable to HIAA members was increasing and turned public opinion back to pre-campaign levels. The campaign may result in many more such marriages of political interest groups and commercial advertisers for the purpose of demobilizing public support for health policy initiatives that are unfavorable to special interests.
Courts and Health Policy: Judicial Policy Making and Publicly Funded Health Care in Canada
Authors: Manfredi Christopher P. , Maioni Antonia
Published: December 2005

The 1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms provided political actors with the opportunity to make rights-based challenges to public policy decisions. Two challenges launched by providers and consumers of health care illuminate the impact of judicial review on health care policy and the institutional capacity of courts to formulate policy in this field. The significant impact of rights-based claims on cross-jurisdictional policy differences in a federal regime is noted.
Efforts to Improve Patient Safety in Large, Capitated Medical Groups: Description and Conceptual Model
Authors: Miller Robert H. , Bovbjerg Randall R.
Published: December 2005

Medical care should be safer. Inpatient problems and solutions have received the most attention; this outpatient qualitative case study addresses a gap in knowledge. We describe safety improvements among large physician groups, model the key influences on their behavior, and identify beneficial public and private policies. All groups were trying to reduce medical injury,which was part of the sample design. The most commonly targeted problems are those that are similar across groups: shortcomings in diagnosis, abnormal tests follow-up, scope of practice and referral patterns, and continuity of care. Medical group innovators vary greatly, however, in implementation of improvements, that is, in the extent to which they implement process changes that identify events/problems, analyze and track incidents, decide how to change clinical and administrative practices, and monitor impacts of the changes.

Our conceptual model identifies key determinants: (1) demand for safety comes from external factors: legal, market, and professional; (2)organizational responses depend on internal factors: group size, scope, and integration; leadership and governance; professional culture;information-system assets; and financial and intellectual capital. Further,safety is an aspect of quality (the same tools, decision making,interventions, and monitoring apply), and safety management benefits from prior efficiency management (similar skills and culture of innovation).

Observed variation in even simple safeguards shows that existing safety incentives are too weak. Our model suggests that the biggest improvement would come from boosting the demand for quality and safety from both private and public larger group purchasers. Current policy relies too much on litigation and discipline, which have sometimes helped, but not solved, problems because they are inefficient, tend to drive needed information underground, and complicate needed cultural change. Patients' safety demand is also weak for want of information and market power. Big purchasers' demands, however,quickly influence the internal environment of medical groups, helping managers advance quality safety toward the top of groups' congested decision-making“queues.”
Federal Antitrust Policy and Physician Discontent: Defining Moments in the Struggle for Congressional Relief
Authors: Ameringer Carl F.
Published: December 2005

Organized medicine has battled the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) since the 1970s over enforcement of the antitrust laws. Physicians' discontent stems from the belief that federal policy allows managed care organizations to achieve dominance in health care markets just as it discourages physicians from taking collective action to protect their interests. This article examines two important efforts by organized medicine over a twenty-year interval to alter federal antitrust policy. In 1982, physicians and other professionals sought a special exemption from FTC jurisdiction; beginning in 1998, physicians promoted legislation that would exempt independent practitioners from the antitrust laws for collective bargaining purposes. Both initiatives passed in the House of Representatives but failed in the Senate. This article uses an advocacy coalition framework to reinterpret the events and to assess the reasons for legislative failure. The evidence suggests that in both instances, although twenty years apart, consumer groups and federal bureaucrats determined the outcome in favor of corporate medicine.
Policy Feedback and Public Opinion: The Role of Employer Responsibility in Social Policy
Authors: Gusmano Michael K. , Schlesinger Mark , Thomas Tracey
Published: December 2005

This study extends the literature on policy feedback and explores the extent to which public attitudes reflect learning from past government initiatives. We analyze the ways in which feedback mechanisms affecting public attitudes may differ from those earlier identified in the literature. We apply this general analytic framework to help explain variation in public attitudes toward private employer involvement in health care, explore possible causal pathways, and offer some preliminary empirical tests of these hypotheses. There are different levels of public support for the notion of employer obligation involving medical care, long-term care, and the treatment of substance abuse. Our evidence suggests that lessons about the performance of institutions in each of these policy domains represent the most important effect of existing policy on public attitudes. Furthermore, these differences correspond to what one would expect based on our model of policy feedback and cannot be explained by other plausible sources of policy legitimacy.
Health Manpower Planning in Slovenia: A Policy Analysis of the Changes in Roles of Stakeholders and Methodologies
Authors: Albreht Tit , Klazinga Niek
Published: December 2005

A heightened awareness about medical manpower issues can be observed in countries that are in a state of political, economic, and social transition. Slovenia entered the transition process in 1989 and became an independent country in 1991. Transition and independence influenced its health care in several ways. It changed the health care system and its financing (by introducing a Bismarckian style of social insurance). It then redistributed power from the Ministry of Health to several stakeholders. A major change occurred in the labor market in health care when the flow of health professionals from the newly independent countries greatly decreased. The decrease was partly due to the consequences of the war in the Balkans and partly due to independent labor legislation in Slovenia. Transitional changes brought new stakeholders to the scene, with a resulting redistribution of responsibilities for health manpower policies and the use of various methodologies.

This policy analysis offers a detailed description of the contextual framework, quantitative data on medical manpower development, and, most important, interviews with representatives of the key stakeholders and study of relevant policy documents.

We conclude that all stakeholders underpin the need for a structured approach toward health manpower planning in the form of a more coherent system of planning, decision making, and control. A compromise on mutual responsibilities between the less dominant Ministry of Health and the two new powerful stakeholders, the Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia and the Medical Chamber of Slovenia, seems necessary.
Any-Willing-Provider Laws: Their Financial Effect on HMOs
Authors: Carroll Anne , Ambrose Jan M.
Published: December 2005

Any-Willing-Provider (AWP) legislation requires that health plans accept any health care provider who agrees to conform to the plan's conditions,terms, and reimbursement rates. Many states have adopted such legislation,raising questions about its effect on the managed care market. Those favoring this legislation argue that it will reduce restrictions on choice of provider,while opponents argue that it will reduce competition by increasing administrative and medical costs for managed care plans. Using cross-sectional time-series data for the period 1992–1995 (the period during which many of these laws were enacted), this study investigates the effect that these laws have on HMO financial performance. Our results show that“all-provider” AWP laws have a very limited effect on the financial performance measures we examine. “Pharmacy” AWP laws have a more significant effect, but neither type of law appears to affect the overall profitability of HMOs.
Agency, Contract, and Governance: Shifting Shapes of Accountability in the Health Care Arena
Authors: Tuohy Carolyn Hughes
Published: December 2005

Current ideas about the role of the state include an enthusiasm for mechanisms of “indirect” or “third-party” governance. The health care arena, in which models of indirect governance have a long history, is an important test bed for these ideas. Classically, the arena was marked by trust-based, principal-agent relationships established to overcome information gaps. Over time (and to different degrees across nations),emphasis shifted to contractual relationships assuming relatively well-informed actors and then to performance monitoring and information sharing within complex and loosely coupled networks. In this latest stage,there is a risk that some important features of democratic leadership, and of decision making in the health care arena, will be eclipsed. Accountability mechanisms must clearly locate responsibility for actions and must allow for the exercise of professional judgment.
Three Meanings of Capacity; Or, Why the Federal Government Is Most Likely to Lead on Insurance Access Issues
Authors: White Joseph
Published: December 2005

This essay considers on what health policy issues the federal government is best able to lead. Positive leadership requires knowledge, power, and will. The federal government has different supplies of each for different aspects of quality of, cost of, and access to health care. Here I review technical capacity to attain desired ends, define the institutional strengths and weaknesses of the federal government, and out-line current dynamics of the national political process. This analysis suggests both prospects for and some characteristics of successful policy. The federal government is more likely to lead on insurance than on other health policy issues because its supply of relevant knowledge and power is relatively high on insurance issues and the political barriers are lower than conventional wisdom suggests. But that leadership could take the form of either the expanding or contracting of access to insurance.
Employers: Passive Purchasers or Provocateurs?
Authors: Martin Cathie Jo
Published: December 2005

This article addresses the potential role of business leadership in diverse efforts to reform health care financing: exploring managers efforts to alter health care markets in their role as large purchasers of health insurance,their potential contributions to future national policy proposals, and their involvement with community-level activities to control local health costs and quality. I argue that managers' leadership in market restructuring and community health initiatives will be difficult to reproduce in the realm of major national health policy initiatives due to constraints related to ideas,interests, and organization.
The Politics of Managed Competition: Public Abuse of the Private Interest
Authors: Robinson James C.
Published: December 2005

The doctrine of managed competition in health care sought to achieve the social goals of access and efficiency using market incentives and consumer choice rather than governmental regulation and public administration. In retrospect, it demanded too much from both the public and the private sectors. Rather than develop choice-supporting rules and institutions, the public sector has promoted process regulation and benefit mandates. The private health insurance sector has pursued short-term profitability rather than cooperate in the development of fair competition and informed consumer choice. Purchasers have subsidized inefficient insurance designs in order to exploit tax and regulatory loopholes and to retain an image of corporate paternalism. America's health care system suffers from the public abuse of private interests and the private abuse of the public interest.
The Skeptic's Guide to a Movement for Universal Health Insurance
Authors: Nathanson Constance A.
Published: December 2005

The social movement has become institutionalized as a form of political action. The aim of this article is to evaluate the possibilities presented by this form as a strategy to bring about universal health insurance in the United States. I draw on the work of social movement theorists, on the substantial body of empirical research on health-related social movements, and on relevant comparative work from Canada to develop a template for this evaluation. Using that template I compare the failed campaign for President Bill Clinton's health insurance plan with a recent, more successful campaign in the state of New York. I conclude that the keys to success are, first, a broad-based coalition that combines an ideologically and/or grievance-motivated grass roots with financially and politically well-endowed mainstream organizations; second, a “master frame” that resonates with the American people; and, third, a political window of opportunity. The prospects for such a conjunction are not hopeless, but they are not high.
No Exit and the Organization of Voice in Biotechnology and Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Light Donald W. , Castellblanch Ramón , Arredondo Pablo , Socolar Deborah
Published: December 2005

Although leadership is typically seen as coming from the leaders of governments and major institutions, a strong case can be made that concerned citizens first articulate important issues and policies that official leaders then pick up and promote. In a market-based society dominated by large corporations, Hirschman's framework of exit, voice, and loyalty can be used to relate consumer and grassroots movements to markets, when participants believe there is no exit and loyalty (or acquiescence) is not an option. While“voice” is usually applied to the individual or consumer level,this article develops the concept of organized voice and illustrates how it has exhibited leadership in the controversial relations between the biotech and pharmaceutical industries and society as a whole. The essay concludes by urging more research on organized voice as a source of leadership and by outlining some important dimensions for researchers to consider.
Between Welfare Medicine and Mainstream Entitlement: Medicaid at the Political Crossroads
Authors: Grogan Colleen , Patashnik Eric
Published: December 2005

As the new century begins, the Medicaid program is arguably at a political crossroads. Over the 1980s and 1990s, policy makers enacted major expansions in Medicaid coverage, offering significant new health benefits to poor women and children and other constituencies. In elite rhetoric and political framing, Medicaid was increasingly cast as a broad-based social welfare entitlement of value to all Americans, including middle-class citizens. Some health care advocates began viewing Medicaid expansions as a potential path to achieving universal coverage in the United States. Yet Medicaid remains a means-tested program that has been repeatedly threatened with policy retrenchment. In this essay, we scrutinize Medicaid's current status and future possibilities from a historical-institutional perspective by tracing its complex evolution since its enactment in the Social Security Amendments of 1965. Our core claim is that decisions made at the time of Medicaid's original adoption have fundamentally set the matrix for struggles over the program's unfolding development. We demonstrate that key ambiguities embedded in the 1965 act created largely unintended opportunities for policy entrepreneurs to broaden Medicaid's scale and scope as well as foreseeable vulnerabilities that must be overcome if Medicaid is to realize its full potential.
Racial Meanings and Scientific Methods: Changing Policies for NIH-Sponsored Publications Reporting Human Variation
Authors: Stevens Jacqueline
Published: December 2005

Conventional wisdom holds that race is socially constructed and not based on genetic differences. Cutting-edge genetic research threatens this view and hence also endangers the pursuit of racial equality and useful public health research. The most recent incarnation of racial genetics is not due to scientific discoveries about population differences per se, but follows from how the United States and other governments have organized racial categories. This article explains tensions in U.S. government guidelines and publications on the study of human genetic diversity, points out the absence of any compelling public health benefits that might justify this research, introduces conceptual tools for addressing the complicated heuristic and policy problems posed by medical population genetics, and offers two policy proposals to remedy the current problems.
Managing Delegation in the Fda: Reducing Delay in New-Drug Review
Authors: Olson Mary K.
Published: December 2005

This article examines the effects of the user fee reform on the speed of drug review in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The results show that even after controlling for increased agency resources, the reform reduced review times among new-drug approvals by 34 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 11 to 51 percent, p = .01). The results suggest that increased agency resources alone cannot explain the reductions in drug-review times. Evidence suggests that other reform-specific factors facilitated the change. Such factors may include the agency's desire to obtain program renewal and secure future fee revenues as well as heightened industry monitoring. Additional results show that there were significant increases in the speed of review for novel drugs in the reform era and for drugs in certain classes that have historically experienced longer delays. The results suggest that the user fee reform has helped politicians manage delegation and reduce delay in new-drug review.
The Evolution of Health-Policy Making in Italy
Authors: France George , Taroni Francesco
Published: December 2005

An analysis of the dynamics of health care policy in Italy suggests that in recent years the pace of change in the health care system has accelerated. Although the basic features of universalism, comprehensiveness, and funding from general taxation have remained remarkably constant, the capacity to innovate policy tools and their settings and to take account of domestic and international experience seems to have increased. The political will and capacity to combat entrenched interests may also have increased, although implementation is still weak. The imperative to contain public expenditure has heavily conditioned health policy and will continue to do so. This has occurred mainly at the national level, but as the principal locus of health-policy making progressively shifts to the regions, so too will the constraining effect of this imperative move downward. If the decentralization process continues, problems could arise due to interregional differences in capacities to formulate and implement appropriate policies and to tackle special interest groups.
The Interplay between Economic and Political Logics: Path Dependency in Health Care in England
Authors: Bevan Gwyn , Robinson Ray
Published: December 2005

The purpose of this article is to use the ideas of path dependency to understand why policies implemented by governments for health care in England were and are suboptimal in terms of the control of total costs, the equitable distribution of hospital services, and effi ciency in delivery. We do this by relating the economic logic of achieving these objectives to the political logic of a state-hierarchical system in which ministers are accountable for the effects of policies and doctors largely decide the supply and demand of health care. The initial policy path of the National Health Service (NHS)controlled costs but lacked systems to achieve equity and efficiency in the funding of hospitals. Policies were introduced to achieve equity, but not effi ciency, in the 1970s. The Thatcher government sought effi ciency through a budgetary squeeze in the 1980s, which culminated in the NHS funding crisis of 1987–1988. The result was the policies of the NHS internal market, which promised effi ciency by introducing a purchaser-provider split and a system of provider competition in which money would follow the patient. These promises justifi ed an injection of extra funds for three years, but only a pallid model of the internal market was implemented. The Blair government abandoned the rhetoric of competition but maintained the purchaser-provider split and continued to constrain total NHS costs, which resulted in the funding crisis of 1998–1999. Current policies are to substantially increase spending on health care and reintroduce a system of provider competition in which money will follow the patient.
The Death of Managed Care: A Regulatory Autopsy
Authors: Hall Mark A.
Published: December 2005

On the heels of widespread patient protection legislation in the states,the managed care industry abandoned or greatly scaled back the core elements of gatekeeping, utilization management, and financial incentives, which are the very targets of this legislation. This article explores whether, and to what extent, the industry's abrupt change in course can be attributed to these laws. Based on extensive interviews with key informants in six representative states, the article concludes that these laws were not the primary driver of changes in managed care practices. However, patient protection laws interacted with other social and market forces, through complex forms of feedback and reinforcement, to bring about more thoroughgoing change than would have otherwise occurred.
The Popeye Principle: Selling Child Health in the First Nutrition Crisis
Authors: Lovett Laura
Published: December 2005

The cartoon character Popeye the Sailor was capable of superhuman feats of strength after eating a can of spinach. Popeye ate spinach because the association of spinach with strength was a product of the first national nutrition crisis in the United States: the 1920s fight against child malnutrition. Spanning the first three decades of the twentieth century, the malnutrition crisis arose from the confluence of many different events including the invention of nutrition science and new standards for height and weight; international food crises created by world war; the rise of consumerism, advertising, and new forms of mass media; and Progressive reformers' conviction that education was a key component of any solution. The history of the malnutrition crisis presented in this essay synthesizes disparate histories concerning advertising, public health, education,consumerism, philanthropy, and Progressive Era reform with original analysis of a major nutrition education program sponsored by the Commonwealth Fund in the 1920s. Because the character of Popeye came to embody one of the nutritional norms advocated in the 1920s, I refer to the influence of culturally constructed social norms on children's beliefs about health and nutrition as the Popeye Principle. The history of the malnutrition crisis demonstrates the importance of understanding the cultural and economic conditions surrounding childhood nutrition, the use and influence of numerical norms, and the mutually reinforcing influences on children's nutritional norms from their parents, peers, teachers, and culture.
Obesity, Courts, and the New Politics of Public Health
Authors: Kersh Rogan , Morone James A.
Published: December 2005

Health care politics are changing. They increasingly focus not on avowedly public projects (such as building the health care infrastructure) but on regulating private behavior. Examples include tobacco, obesity, abortion, drug abuse, the right to die, and even a patient's relationship with his or her managed care organization. Regulating private behavior introduces a distinctive policy process; it alters the way we introduce (or frame)political issues and shifts many important decisions from the legislatures to the courts. In this article, we illustrate the politics of private regulation by following a dramatic case, obesity, through the political process. We describe how obesity evolved from a private matter to a political issue. We then assess how different political institutions have responded and conclude that courts will continue to take the leading role.
Homely Housewives Run Amok: Lesbians in Marital Fixes
Authors: Patel Geeta
Published: December 2005

Geeta Patel teaches in the Department of Women's Studies at Wellesley College. She is the author of Lyrical Movements, Historical Hauntings: On Gender, Colonialism and Desire in Miraji's Urdu Poetry(2002) and coeditor of the GLQ special issueInQueery/InTheory/InDeed (1995).
Dismembering and Expelling: Semantics of Political Terror in Colombia
Authors: Uribe María Victoria
Published: December 2005

María Victoria Uribe is director of the Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia (ICANH) in Bogotá, Colombia. Her current research involves a comparative analysis of political violence in Sri Lanka, Colombia, and Northern Ireland. She is the author of Anthropologie de l'Inhumanité (2004).
Mango Mao: Infections of the Sacred
Authors: Dutton Michael
Published: December 2005

Michael Dutton is a reader in the Department of Political Science,University of Melbourne, Australia. He is the author of Policing and Punishment in China (1992), Streetlife China (1998), andPolicing the Chinese Political (forthcoming). He is also coeditor of the journal Postcolonial Studies.
“Besides Our Selves”: An Essay on Enthusiastic Politics and Civil Subjectivity
Authors: Frank Jason
Published: December 2005

Jason Frank is an assistant professor of government at Cornell University. He is coeditor of Vocations of Political Theory (2000)and is currently completing a book manuscript on constituent power and democratic sensibility provisionally entitled “Democratic Enactment:Passion and Improvisation in Postrevolutionary America.”
Kant's Unselfish Partisans as Democratic Citizens
Authors: Lomonaco Jeffrey
Published: December 2005

Jeffrey Lomonaco is an assistant professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Minnesota specializing in political theory. His essay is part of a work in progress on democratic citizenship and political judgment. His book A Language of Political Vision: Adam Smith's Philosophical Politics is forthcoming.
“Heart in the Wound”
Authors: Cvetkovich Ann
Published: December 2005

Ann Cvetkovich Ann Cvetkovich is a professor of English and women's and gender studies at the University of Texas at Austin. She is the author ofMixed Feelings: Feminism, Mass Culture, and Victorian Sensationalism(1992) and An Archive of Feelings: Trauma, Sexuality, and Lesbian Public Cultures (2003). She is currently associate editor of GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies.Lisa Kessler is an independent editorial and documentary photographer in Boston as well as a teacher of photography at Northeastern University and the Maine Photo Workshops. She received the 2004 Honorable Mention from the Center for Documentary Studies/Honickman Foundation First Book Prize in Photography for her project“Heart in the Wound: Sexual Abuse from the Catholic Church to Civil Society” and the Award of Excellence from the 2002 Pictures of the Year International competition.
Writing in the Realm of the Senses. Introduction
Authors: CHOW REY
Published: December 2005

rey chow is Andrew W. Mellon Professor of the Humanities at Brown University, where she teaches in the Departments of Modern Culture and Media, and Comparative Literature. She is the author of a number of books, the most recent of which is Ethics after Idealism: Theory–Culture–Ethnicity–Reading (Indiana University Press, 1998). She is also editor of Modern Chinese Literary and Cultural Studies in the Age of Theory: Reimagining a Field (Duke University Press,forthcoming).
The Twenty-First-Century University and the Market: What Price Economic Viability?
Authors: POOVEY MARY
Published: December 2005

mary poovey is Professor of English and Director of the Institute for the History of the Production of Knowledge at New York University. Her most recent book is A History of the Modern Fact: Problems of Knowledge in the Science of Wealth and Society (University of Chicago Press, 1998).
“Just One of the Girls:— Normal in the Extreme”:experimentalists-to-Be Starting Out in the 1960s
Authors: KELLER LYNN
Published: December 2005

lynn keller, professor of English at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, is the author of Re-making It New: Contemporary American Poetry and the Modernist Tradition (Cambridge University Press,1987) and Forms of Expansion: Recent Long Poems by Women (University of Chicago Press, 1997). With Cristanne Miller, she coedited Feminist Measures: Soundings in Poetry and Theory (University of Michigan Press,1994). She is currently writing a book on contemporary experimental poetry by women in the U.S.
Delirium and Desire in Nicole Brossard's Le Désert Mauve/Mauve Desert
Authors: HOLBROOK SUSAN
Published: December 2005

susan holbrook teaches North American literatures and creative writing at the University of Windsor. Other articles on twentieth-century writing can be found in journals such as American Literature, tessera,Essays on Canadian Writing, and Open Letter. Her fi rst book of poetry is entitled misled (Red Deer Press, 1999).
“There is no Gomorrah”: Narrative Ethics in Feminist and Queer Theory
Authors: HUFFER LYNNE
Published: December 2005

lynne huffer is Professor of French Studies and Women and Gender Studies at Rice University. She is the author of Another Colette: The Question of Gendered Writing (University of Michigan Press, 1992) andMaternal Pasts, Feminist Futures: Nostalgia, Ethics, and the Question of Difference (Stanford University Press, 1998). She is currently working on a book that explores the relationship between literature, ethics, and politics.
Sexuality, Politicization, May 1968: Situating Christiane Rochefort'sPrintemps au parking
Authors: LUCEY MICHAEL
Published: December 2005

michael lucey teaches in the departments of Comparative Literature and French at the University of California, Berkeley, where he is also Director of the Center for the Study of Sexual Culture. He is the author of Gide's Bent Sexuality, Politics, Writing (Oxford University Press,1995), as well as of a forthcoming book, The Misfit of the Family: Balzac and the Social Forms of Sexuality (Duke University Press, 2002). His current book project is titled Never Say “I”: Speaking for Queer Sexuality in Twentieth-Century French Literature.
Feminist Reverberations
Authors: SCOTT JOAN WALLACH
Published: December 2005

joan wallach scott is Harold F. Linder Professor of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study. Her most recent book is Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man (Harvard University Press, 1996). She is writing a book about the French mouvement pour la parité, the successful campaign during the 1990s to pass a law requiring equal numbers of men and women as candidates for elected office.
Structuralism: A Destitution of the Subject?
Authors: BALIBAR ÉTIENNE
Published: December 2005

étienne balibar is Professor of Critical Theory at the University of California, Irvine, and Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Paris X-Nanterre. His recent publications include Droit de cité (Presses Universitaires de France, 2002) and Politics and the Other Scene (Verso, 2002). A translation of his Nous, les citoyens d'Europe is forthcoming from Princeton University Press.

Translated by James Swenson

james swenson teaches French at Rutgers University. He is the author of On Jean-Jacques Rousseau Considered as One of the First Authors of the Revolution (Stanford University Press, 2000) and translator of books and articles by Étienne Balibar, Jacques Rancière, and Jacques Lacan, among others.
Human Freedom and the Technic of Nature: Culture and Organic Life in Kant's Third Critique
Authors: CHEAH PHENG
Published: December 2005

pheng cheah teaches in the Rhetoric Department at the University of California, Berkeley. He is coeditor of Cosmopolitics: Thinking and Feeling beyond the Nation (University of Minnesota Press, 1998) and ofGrounds of Comparison: Around the Work of Benedict Anderson(forthcoming with Routledge, 2003). This article is drawn from his forthcoming book, Spectral Nationality: Passages of Freedom from Kant to Postcolonial Literatures of Liberation (Columbia University Press, 2003). He is currently working on a manuscript on financialization, human rights, and the inhuman for Harvard University Press.
Computation, Gender, and Human Thinking
Authors: GOLUMBIA DAVID
Published: December 2005

david golumbia earned the PhD in English from the University of Pennsylvania in 1999. He writes about language, philosophy, computers, and world media and teaches media studies and English at the University of Virginia.
From Equivalence to Equity: The Management of an American Myth
Authors: EMERSON AMANDA
Published: December 2005

amanda emerson is a PhD candidate in the English Department at Brown University. She is completing her dissertation on “equality”as a flexible means of national affiliation in early American letters.
A Pearl's Pleasures and Perils: The Detail at the Foundation of Taste
Authors: ROELOFS MONIQUE
Published: December 2005

monique roelofs is Assistant Professor of Philosophy in the School of Humanities, Arts, and Cultural Studies at Hampshire College. She has written on visual representation, aesthetic address, feminist theory, and the philosophy of culture, and is currently at work on a book entitled The Cultural Promise of the Aesthetic.
Reading Derrida's Adieu
Authors: GALLOP JANE
Published: December 2005

jane gallop is Distinguished Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Her publications include Living with His Camera (Duke University Press,2003) and Anecdotal Theory (Duke University Press, 2002).
Kosovo—an Unconstitutional War
Authors: Campbell Tom
Published: December 2005

Tom Campbell, Republican of California, is a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and a professor of law at Stanford University.
U.s. Measures against Libya Since the Explosion of Pan Am Flight 103
Authors: Ohaegbulam F. Ugboaja
Published: December 2005

F. Ugboaja Ohaegbulam is professor of government and international affairs,University of South Florida, Tampa.
The Mediterranean and Its Security Agenda
Authors: Blank Stephen
Published: December 2005

Stephen Blank is professor at the Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College. The views expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Army, Defense Department, or government.
National Identity and Institutional Development Under Mediation in Southeastern Europe
Authors: Giannakos Symeon A.
Published: December 2005

Symeon A. Giannakos is visiting assistant professor of political science,Ohio University.
The Establishment of a Euro-Med Conflict-Prevention Center
Authors: Calleya Stephen C.
Published: December 2005

Stephen C. Calleya is deputy director of and senior lecturer in international relations at the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies,University of Malta. This article was drafted with financial assistance from the Commission of the European Communities under contract with the Euro-Mediterranean Study Commission Foreign Policy Institutes Network. The views expressed herein are those of the author and in no way reflect the official opinion of the commission.
Russia after Yeltsin: A Duel of Oligarchs
Authors: Khrushchev Sergei
Published: December 2005

Sergei Khrushchev is senior fellow, Thomas J. Watson Jr. Institute for International Studies, Brown University.
If It's Not One Thing, It's Another: Bosnia and the Economics of War and Peace
Authors: Liotta P. H.
Published: December 2005

P. H. Liotta is the Jerome E. Levy Chair of Economic Geography and National Security at the Naval War College.
The Socioeconomic Foundations of the Shiite Opposition in Bahrain
Authors: Bahry Louay
Published: December 2005

Louay Bahry, a specialist on Persian Gulf affairs, is currently adjunct professor of political science at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
The Legal Regulation of Passage through the Turkish Straits
Authors: Guclu Yucel
Published: December 2005

Yucel Guclu is a historian and minister-counselor of the Embassy of Turkey to the Holy See.
The Israeli-Syrian Negotiations
Authors: Miller R. Reuben
Published: December 2005

R. Reuben Miller is professor of political science, University of Colorado,Denver.
Principles of Greek Foreign Policy
Authors: Papandreou George A.
Published: December 2005

George A. Papandreou is minister for foreign affairs of Greece. This article is based on Foreign Minister Papandreou's address during the general debate of the fifty-fifth session of the United Nations General Assembly, 14 September 2000, New York.
The Yugoslav Earthquake
Authors: Binder David
Published: December 2005

David Binder is a retired Washington, D.C.-based correspondent for theNew York Times.
Promoting Democracy and Reconciliation in Southeastern Europe
Authors: Brademas John
Published: December 2005

John Brademas is president emeritus of New York University and chairman of the National Endowment for Democracy. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1959 to 1981, the last four years as majority whip. This essay was adapted from a 17 June 2000 presentation at the opening ceremony of the Interbalkan Medical Centre in Salonika, Greece, and from the“Chairman's Message” in the winter 2000 issue of the NED's newsletter.
Fool's Errands: America's Recent Encounters with Nation Building
Authors: Dempsey Gary T.
Published: December 2005

Gary T. Dempsey is a foreign policy analyst at the Cato Institute and coauthor with Roger W. Fontaine of a forthcoming book on the United States'recent efforts at nation building.
Bulgaria on the Threshold of the New Millennium: Realized Ambitions and Forthcoming Challenges
Authors: Kostov Ivan
Published: December 2005

Ivan Kostov is prime minister of Bulgaria.
Toward Cooperation in Post-Cold War Southeastern Europe
Authors: Danopoulos Constantine P.
Published: December 2005

Constantine P. Danopoulos is professor of political science, San Jose State University. The author to thank Mary Ann Notton for her invaluable help.
Gravitational Forces in the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Lewis William H.
Published: December 2005

William H. Lewis, a member of Mediterranean Quarterly's editorial advisory board, is adjunct fellow of the preventive-diplomacy program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He wishes to express appreciation for a generous research grant provided by the U.S. Institute for Peace.
Forward from the Mediterranean
Authors: Miskel James F.
Published: December 2005

James F. Miskel is professor of national security at the U.S. Naval War College.
Pages from Albanian History
Authors: Stavrou Nikolaos A.
Published: December 2005

Nikolaos A. Stavrou is professor of international affairs at Howard University and editor of Mediterranean Quarterly.
Policy toward Algeria after a Decade of Isolation
Authors: Lesser Ian O.
Published: December 2005

Ian O. Lesser is a senior analyst at RAND in Washington, D.C., and a former member of the State Department's policy planning staff. The views expressed in this article are the author's and do not represent those of RAND or its research sponsors.
The Synagogue as Civil Society, or How We Can Understand the Shas Party
Authors: Kamil Omar
Published: December 2005

Omar Kamil is a doctoral candidate at the Institute of Political Science,University of Leipzig, Germany.
From Unity to Disarray: The West's Yugoslav Policy
Authors: Dragnich Alex N.
Published: December 2005

Alex N. Dragnich is a retired professor of political science.
Orienting Jerusalem toward Ankara or Cairo? Israel's New Geostrategic Debate
Authors: Hadar Leon T.
Published: December 2005

Leon T. Hadar, a research fellow in foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, is a former United Nations bureau chief for the Jerusalem Post.
Reflections on the Cyprus Issue and the Turkish Invasions of 1974
Authors: Fouskas Vassilis K.
Published: December 2005

Vassilis K. Fouskas is a senior research fellow in European and international studies at Kingston University, United Kingdom, and founding editor of the Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans.
Doing It All Wrong in the Middle East: Iraq
Authors: Peck Edward
Published: December 2005

Edward Peck, a retired U.S. ambassador, served as chief of mission in Baghdad from 1977 to 1980.
The Economic Cooperation Organization: Regionalization in a Competitive Context
Authors: Afrasiabi K. L. , Jalali Yadolah Pour
Published: December 2005

K. L. Afrasiabi is a research scholar at the Braudel Center for the Study of Economics, Historical Systems and Civilizations, State University of New York, Binghamton. Yadolah Pour Jalali is professor of economics at Tabatabi University in Tehran and chief economist at the Economic Cooperation Organization headquarters.
From World Disorder to a Reshaped Global Order: Myth or a Possible Opportunity?
Authors: Sisco Joseph J.
Published: December 2005

Joseph J. Sisco is chairman of the board of the American Academy of Diplomacy, former U.S. under secretary of state for political affairs, and president of American University.
Globalization and the New Security Agenda in Eastern Europe
Authors: Hall Gregory O.
Published: December 2005

Bülent Aras is assistant professor of international relations at Fatih University, Istanbul.