bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-space imaging and control of chiral anomaly induced current at room temperature in topological Dirac semimetal
Authors: Park Byung Cheol , Ha Taewoo , Sim Kyung Ik , Jung Taek Sun , Kim Jae Hoon , Kim Yeongkwan , Lee Young Hee , Kim Teun-Teun , Kim Sung Wng
Published: November 2022

Chiral fermions (CFs) in condensed matters, distinguished by right (+) or left (−) handedness, hold a promise for emergent quantum devices. Although a chiral anomaly induced current,

J

chiral
=

J

(+) −

J

(−), occurs in Weyl semimetals due to the charge imbalance of the CFs, monitoring spatial flow and temporal dynamics of

J

chiral
has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we report real-space imaging and control of

J

chiral
on the topological Dirac semimetal KZnBi at room temperature (RT) by near-field terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, establishing a relation for an electromagnetic control of

J

chiral
. In THz electric and external magnetic fields, we visualize a spatial flow of coherent

J

chiral
in macroscopic length scale and monitor its temporal dynamics in picosecond time scale, revealing its ultralong transport length around 100 micrometers. Such coherent

J

chiral
is further found to be controlled according to field directions, suggesting the feasibility of information science with topological Dirac semimetals at RT.
Cytostatic hypothermia and its impact on glioblastoma and survival
Authors: Enam Syed Faaiz , Kilic Cem Y. , Huang Jianxi , Kang Brian J. , Chen Reed , Tribble Connor S. , Ilich Ekaterina , Betancur Martha I. , Blocker Stephanie J. , Owen Steven J. , Buckley Anne F. , Lyon Johnathan G. , Bellamkonda Ravi V.
Published: November 2022

Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have limited options and require novel approaches to treatment. Here, we studied and deployed nonfreezing “cytostatic” hypothermia to stunt GBM growth. This growth-halting method contrasts with ablative, cryogenic hypothermia that kills both neoplastic and infiltrated healthy tissue. We investigated degrees of hypothermia in vitro and identified a cytostatic window of 20° to 25°C. For some lines, 18 hours/day of cytostatic hypothermia was sufficient to halt division in vitro. Next, we fabricated an experimental tool to test local cytostatic hypothermia in two rodent GBM models. Hypothermia more than doubled median survival, and all rats that successfully received cytostatic hypothermia survived their study period. Unlike targeted therapeutics that are successful in preclinical models but fail in clinical trials, cytostatic hypothermia leverages fundamental physics that influences biology broadly. It is a previously unexplored approach that could provide an additional option to patients with GBM by halting tumor growth.
A broadly tuned network for affective body language in the macaque brain
Authors: Taubert Jessica , Japee Shruti , Patterson Amanda , Wild Hannah , Goyal Shivani , Yu David , Ungerleider Leslie G.
Published: November 2022

Body language is a powerful tool that we use to communicate how we feel, but it is unclear whether other primates also communicate in this way. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to show that the body-selective patches in macaques are activated by affective body language. Unexpectedly, we found these regions to be tolerant of naturalistic variation in posture as well as species; the bodies of macaques, humans, and domestic cats all evoked a stronger response when they conveyed fear than when they conveyed no affect. Multivariate analyses confirmed that the neural representation of fear-related body expressions was species-invariant. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that, like humans, macaques have body-selective brain regions in the ventral visual pathway for processing affective body language. These data also indicate that representations of body stimuli in these regions are built on the basis of emergent properties, such as socio-affective meaning, and not just putative image properties.
Classification of properties and their relation to chemical bonding: Essential steps toward the inverse design of functional materials
Authors: Schön Carl-Friedrich , van Bergerem Steffen , Mattes Christian , Yadav Aakash , Grohe Martin , Kobbelt Leif , Wuttig Matthias
Published: November 2022

To design advanced functional materials, different concepts are currently pursued, including machine learning and high-throughput calculations. Here, a different approach is presented, which uses the innate structure of the multidimensional property space. Clustering algorithms confirm the intricate structure of property space and relate the different property classes to different chemical bonding mechanisms. For the inorganic compounds studied here, four different property classes are identified and related to ionic, metallic, covalent, and recently identified metavalent bonding. These different bonding mechanisms can be quantified by two quantum chemical bonding descriptors, the number of electrons transferred and the number of electrons shared between adjacent atoms. Hence, we can link these bonding descriptors to the corresponding property portfolio, turning bonding descriptors into property predictors. The close relationship between material properties and quantum chemical bonding descriptors can be used for an inverse material design, identifying particularly promising materials based on a set of target functionalities.
Spin Navigator Based on Correcting Dipoles of the JINR Nuclotron
Authors: Filatov Yu. N. , Kondratenko A. M. , Kondratenko M. A. , Tsyplakov E. D. , Butenko A. V. , Kostromin S. A. , Ladygin V. P. , Syresin E. M. , Guryleva I. L. , Melnikov A. A. , Aksentyev A. E.
Published: November 2022

A spin navigator based on correcting dipoles has been proposed to manipulate the directions of protons spins in experiments at the Nuclotron synchrotron (JINR, Dubna). The polarization is controlled by means of the controllable distortion of the beam closed orbit by correcting dipoles, which ensures the significant enhancement of the action of the navigator on the spins of particles. A method has been proposed to measure the coherent effect of the lattice imperfection on the spin dynamics by the navigator. An idea of a spin compensator based on correcting dipoles is presented, which allows one to eliminate the effect of the lattice imperfection on the polarization. The proposed navigator and spin compensator make it possible to perform a series of experiments at the Nuclotron to verify a new polarization control technique called the spin transparency mode. The results are relevant for experiments with polarized beams in the spin transparency regime at the NICA (Dubna, Russia) and EIC (Brookhaven, United States) and the COSY synchrotron (Julich, Germany).
Bilateral posterior scleritis due to giant cell arteritis
Authors: Karimi Ayesha , Wong Tsz Lun Ernest , Negretti Guy
Published: November 2022

A woman aged mid 70s with mild learning difficulty presented with eye symptoms, headache and shoulder pains. She was found to have bilateral posterior scleritis secondary to giant cell arteritis. Posterior scleritis is a potentially blinding condition, with ambiguous symptoms and signs, therefore diagnosis is commonly delayed. This patient was seen in General Practice as well as in Accident and Emergency, where diagnoses of acute angle closure glaucoma as well as iritis were rightfully considered. Her symptoms persisted for 11 days before ophthalmic opinion was sought. Thorough assessment of a painful red eye as well as knowledge of these red-flag signs may allow early treatment and a better outcome for patients. The Royal College of Ophthalmologists has published guidance on how to assess and manage visual loss in people with learning difficulties, including recognising ‘symptoms’ such as hesitancy on steps, eye rubbing and loss of interest in activities.
Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma: a therapeutic dilemma
Authors: Peralta Suarez Geraldine , Dibs Khaled , Carrau Ricardo L , Schoenfield Lynn , Blakaj Dukagjin M , Tinoco Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcomas (SNTCSs) are rare and aggressive malignant tumours with histological features of the three embryonic layers. They have an elevated local recurrence rate, risk of metastasis and mortality. Moreover, the therapeutic options are limited, and optimal management is not yet clear. As fewer than 150 cases have been reported, therapeutic strategies remain a clinical challenge. Here, we discuss a case of a large SNTCS successfully treated with surgical resection followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiation. Despite the significant size of the tumour and the inferred high recurrence risk, the patient has had no recurrence over the past 45 months. Although the optimal treatment of SNTCS is not clearly outlined, the very limited data suggests that a multidisciplinary approach with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy is the best option for patients.
Arterial hypertension and retinal layer thickness: the Beijing Eye Study
Authors: Xie Hui , Pan Zhe , Xue Can Can , Chen Danny , Jonas Jost B , Wu Xiaodong , Wang Ya Xing
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To investigate relationships between blood pressure and the thickness of single retinal layers in the macula.

Methods

Participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study, free of retinal or optic nerve disease, underwent medical and ophthalmological examinations including optical coherence tomographic examination of the macula. Applying a multiple-surface segmentation solution, we automatically segmented the retina into its various layers.

Results

The study included 2237 participants (mean age 61.8±8.4 years, range 50–93 years). Mean thicknesses of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer, outer nuclear layer/external limiting membrane, ellipsoid zone, photoreceptor outer segments (POS) and retinal pigment epithelium–Bruch membrane were 31.1±2.3 µm, 39.7±3.5 µm, 38.4±3.3 µm, 34.8±2.0 µm, 28.1±3.0 µm, 79.2±7.3 µm, 22.9±0.6 µm, 19.2±3.3 µm and 20.7±1.4 µm, respectively. In multivariable analysis, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were associated with thinner GCL and thicker INL, after adjusting for age, sex and axial length (all p<0.0056). Higher SBP was additionally associated with thinner POS and higher DBP with thinner RNFL. For an elevation of SBP/DBP by 10 mm Hg, the RNFL, GCL, INL and POS changed by 2.0, 3.0, 1.5 and 2.0 µm, respectively.

Conclusions

Thickness of RNFL, GCL and POS was inversely and INL thickness was positively associated with higher blood pressure, while the thickness of the other retinal layers was not significantly correlated with blood pressure. The findings may be helpful for refinement of the morphometric detection of retinal diseases.
Longitudinal study of six seasons of match injuries in elite female rugby union
Authors: Starling Lindsay Toyah , Gabb Niki , Williams Sean , Kemp Simon , Stokes Keith A
Published: November 2022

Objective

To establish match injury rates and patterns in elite female rugby union players in England.

Method

We conducted a six-season (2011/2012–2013/2014 and 2017/2018–2019/2020) prospective cohort study of time-loss match injuries in elite-level female players in the English Premiership competition. A 24-hour time-loss definition was used.

Results

Five-hundred and thirty-four time-loss injuries were recorded during 13 680 hours of match exposure. Injury incidence was 39 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CIs 36 to 42) with a mean severity of 48 days (95% CIs 42 to 54) and median severity of 20 days (IQR: 7–57). Concussion was the most common specific injury diagnosis (five concussions per 1000 hours, 95% CIs 4 to 6). The tackle event was associated with the greatest burden of injury (615 days absence per 1000 hours 95% CIs 340 to 1112), with ‘being tackled’ specifically causing the most injuries (28% of all injuries) and concussions (22% of all concussions).

Conclusions

This is the first multiple-season study of match injuries in elite women’s rugby union players. Match injury incidence was similar to that previously reported within international women’s rugby union. Injury prevention strategies centred on the tackle would focus on high-burden injuries, which are associated with substantial player time-loss and financial costs to teams as well as the high-priority area of concussions.
Magnitude of COVID-19 deaths relative to other leading causes of death: a global analysis
Authors: Chan Eunice Y S , Cheng Davy , Martin Janet
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To quantify the burden of death that COVID-19 contributes relative to the top three causes of death for all countries.

Design

We performed uncertainty analyses and created contour plots for COVID-19 mortality to place the number of COVID-19 deaths in context relative to the top three causes of death in each country, across a plausible range of values for two key parameters: case fatality rate and magnitude of under-reporting.

Setting

All countries that have reported COVID-19 cases to the WHO and are included in the Global Burden of Disease Study by the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation.

Main outcomes and measures

Monthly number of deaths caused by COVID-19 and monthly number of deaths caused by the top three causes of death for every country.

Results

For countries that were particularly hard hit during the outbreak in 2020, most combinations of model parameters resulted in COVID-19 ranking within the top three causes of death. For countries not as hard hit on a per-capita basis, such as China and India, COVID-19 did not rank higher than the third leading cause of death at any combination of the model parameters within the given ranges. Up-to-date ranking of COVID-19 deaths relative to the top three causes of death for all countries globally is provided in an interactive online application.

Conclusions

Estimating the country-level burden of death that COVID-19 contributes relative to the top three causes of death is feasible through contour graphs, even when the actual number of deaths or cases is unknown. This method can help convey importance by placing the magnitude of COVID-related deaths in context relative to more familiar causes of death by communicating when COVID-related deaths rank among the top three causes of death.
Social inequalities in child development: the role of differential exposure and susceptibility to stressful family conditions
Authors: Oude Groeniger Joost , Houweling Tanja AJ , Jansen Pauline W , Horoz Nil , Buil J. Marieke , van Lier Pol AC , van Lenthe Frank J
Published: November 2022

Background

Stressful family conditions may contribute to inequalities in child development because they are more common among disadvantaged groups (ie, differential exposure) and/or because their negative effects are stronger among disadvantaged groups (ie, differential impact/susceptibility). We used counterfactual mediation analysis to investigate to what extent stressful family conditions contribute to inequalities in child development via differential exposure and susceptibility.

Methods

We used data from the Generation R Study, a population-based birth cohort in the Netherlands (n=6842). Mother’s education was used as the exposure. Developmental outcomes, measured at age 13 years, were emotional and behavioural problems (Youth Self-Report), cognitive development (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and secondary education entry level. Financial and social stress at age 9 years were the putative mediators.

Results

Differential exposure to financial stress caused a 0.07 (95% CI −0.12 to −0.01) SD worse emotional and behavioural problem -score, a 0.05 (95% CI −0.08 to −0.02) SD lower intelligence score and a 0.05 (95% CI −0.05 to −0.01) SD lower secondary educational level, respectively, among children of less-educated mothers compared with children of more-educated mothers. This corresponds to a relative contribution of 54%, 9% and 6% of the total effect of mother’s education on these outcomes, respectively. Estimates for differential exposure to social stress, and differential susceptibility to financial or social stress, were much less pronounced.

Conclusion

Among children of less-educated mothers, higher exposure to financial stress in the family substantially contributes to inequalities in socioemotional development, but less so for cognitive development and educational attainment.
Evaluation of the impact of CSF prion RT-QuIC and amended criteria on the clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a 10-year study in Italy
Authors: Mastrangelo Andrea , Mammana Angela , Baiardi Simone , Tiple Dorina , Colaizzo Elisa , Rossi Marcello , Vaianella Luana , Polischi Barbara , Equestre Michele , Poleggi Anna , Capellari Sabina , Ladogana Anna , Parchi Piero
Published: November 2022

Background

The introduction of the prion Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion assay (RT-QuIC) has led to a revision of the diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD).

Validation studies are needed for the amended criteria, especially for their diagnostic value in the clinical setting.

Methods

We studied 1250 patients with suspected CJD referred for diagnosis to two Italian reference centres between 2010 and 2020. Focusing on the first diagnostic assessment, we compared the diagnostic value of the old and the amended criteria and that of different combinations of clinical variables and biomarker results.

Results

The studied cohort comprised 850 participants with CJD (297 definite sCJD, 151 genetic CJD, 402 probable sCJD) and 400 with non-CJD (61 with neuropathology). At first clinical evaluation, the sensitivity of the old criteria (76.8%) was significantly lower than that of the amended criteria (97.8%) in the definite CJD cohort with no difference between definite and probable sCJD cases. Specificity was ~94% for both criteria against the non-CJD cohort (82.0% against definite non-CJD group). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) RT-QuIC was highly sensitive (93.9%) and fully specific against definite non-CJD patients. Limiting the criteria to a positive RT-QuIC or/and the combination of a clinical course compatible with possible CJD with a positive MRI (Q-CM criteria) provided higher diagnostic accuracy than both the old and amended criteria, overcoming the suboptimal specificity of ancillary test results (ie, CSF protein 14-3-3).

Conclusions

CSF RT-QuIC is highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing CJD in vitam. The Q-CM criteria provide a high diagnostic value for CJD.
Cigarette prices and smoking among adults in eight sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey
Authors: Filby Samantha
Published: November 2022

Background

Despite growing concern over tobacco use in sub-Saharan Africa, evidence on the association between cigarette prices and adult smoking behaviour in the region is limited.

Objectives

To provide new evidence on the association between cigarette prices and adult smoking in eight sub-Saharan African countries.

Methods

The analysis uses data from 51 270 individuals taken from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, which was conducted in eight African countries during 2012–2018. The relationship between prices and smoking is estimated using probit models for smoking participation and generalised linear models for conditional cigarette demand.

Results

Higher prices are significantly associated with lower cigarette demand across African countries. The estimated price elasticity of participation is –0.362 (95% CI –0.547 to –0.177). The price elasticity of conditional cigarette demand is –0.133 (95% CI –0.194 to –0.072) for people who have just started smoking. The estimated total price elasticity of cigarette demand by new adult smokers is –0.495. The absolute value of the conditional demand elasticity becomes smaller by 0.004 units for each additional year that a person smokes. For the average smoker in the sample, with a smoking duration of 18.07 years, the total elasticity estimate is –0.422.

Conclusions

Higher cigarette prices significantly decrease the likelihood of smoking and decrease the intensity of cigarette consumption among African adults. Increases in the excise tax that increase the retail price of cigarettes will play an important role in reducing adult tobacco use on the continent. Governments are encouraged to increase excise taxes to improve public health.
Growing small solid nodules in lung cancer screening: safety and efficacy of a 200 mm3minimum size threshold for multidisciplinary team referral
Authors: Creamer Andrew W , Horst Carolyn , Dickson Jennifer L , Tisi Sophie , Hall Helen , Verghese Priyam , Prendecki Ruth , Bhamani Amyn , McCabe John , Gyertson Kylie , Mullin Anne-Marie , Teague Jonathan , Farrelly Laura , Hackshaw Allan , Nair Arjun ,   SUMMIT consortium, Devaraj Anand , Janes Sam M
Published: November 2022

The optimal management of small but growing nodules remains unclear. The SUMMIT study nodule management algorithm uses a specific threshold volume of 200 mm3before referral of growing solid nodules to the multidisciplinary team for further investigation is advised, with growing nodules below this threshold kept under observation within the screening programme. Malignancy risk of growing solid nodules of size >200 mm3at initial 3-month interval scan was 58.3% at a per-nodule level, compared with 13.3% in growing nodules of size ≤200 mm3(relative risk 4.4, 95% CI 2.17 to 8.83). The positive predictive value of a combination of nodule growth (defined as percentage volume change of ≥25%), and size >200 mm3was 65.9% (29/44) at a cancer-per-nodule basis, or 60.5% (23/38) on a cancer-per-participant basis. False negative rate of the protocol was 1.9% (95% CI 0.33% to 9.94%). These findings support the use of a 200 mm3minimum volume threshold for referral as effective at reducing unnecessary multidisciplinary team referrals for small growing nodules, while maintaining early-stage lung cancer diagnosis.
Measurement uncertainty in a national forest inventory: results from the northern region of the USA
Authors: Yanai Ruth D. , Young Alexander R. , Campbell John L. , Westfall James A. , Barnett Charles J. , Dillon Gretchen A. , Green Mark B. , Woodall Christopher W.
Published: November 2022

Statistical confidence in estimates of timber volume, carbon storage, and other forest attributes depends, in part, on the uncertainty in field measurements. Surprisingly, measurement uncertainty is rarely reported, even though national forest inventories routinely repeat field measurements for quality assurance. We compared measurements made by field crews and quality assurance crews in the Forest Inventory and Analysis program of the U.S. Forest Service, using data from 2790 plots and 51 740 trees and saplings across the 24 states of the Northern Region. We characterized uncertainty in 12 national core tree-level variables; seven tree crown variables used in forest health monitoring; three variables describing seedlings; and 11 variables describing the site, such as elevation, slope, and distance from a road. Discrepancies in measurement were generally small but were higher for some variables requiring judgment, such as tree class, decay class, and cause of mortality. When scaled up to states, forest types, or the region, uncertainties in basal area, timber volume, and aboveground biomass were negligible. Understanding all sources of uncertainty is important to designing forest monitoring systems, managing the conduct of the inventory, and assessing the uncertainty of forest attributes required for making regional and national forest policy decisions.
Review on resource and environmental carrying capacity of mining areas in China
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Huang Yanli , Wu Laiwei , Jing Peixing , Li Junmeng , Ouyang Shenyang , Guo Yachao , Wang Wenzheng
Published: November 2022

The excessive consumption of resources and the destruction of ecological environment in mining areas have severely restricted coal mining, and the research on resource and environmental carrying capacity (RECC) of mining areas is of great significance in reconciling coal mining and resource environmental protection. To review the existing research on the RECC of mining areas, the concepts of the RECC were elaborated, and then the development process and application areas of both resource carrying capacity (RCC) and environmental carrying capacity (ECC) were studied. The main methods and models involved in the RECC study were counted. The results showed that the research on the RECC of mining areas has not attracted sufficient attention, and the relevant literature is relatively few. The existing research on RECC in mining areas mainly adopts single-factor analysis, which makes it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the overall situation of RECC in mining areas. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of the RECC of mining areas by scientific evaluation methods is required to ensure the coordinated development of coal production, resources and environment of mining areas. This review provides an important reference and guidance for the necessity and thinking of the comprehensive study of resources and environment carrying capacity in mining areas.
Search for hidden-charm pentaquark states in three-body final states
Authors: Xie Jia-Ming , Ling Xi-Zhe , Liu Ming-Zhu , Geng Li-Sheng
Published: November 2022

The three pentaquark states, $$P_c(4312)$$

P
c

(
4312
)

, $$P_c(4440)$$

P
c

(
4440
)

and $$P_c(4457)$$

P
c

(
4457
)

, discovered by the LHCb Collaboration in 2019, are often interpreted as $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Sigma _c$$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ
c

molecules. Together with their four $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Sigma _{c}^{*}$$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ

c

∗

partners dictated by heavy quark spin symmetry they represent a complete multiplet of hadronic molecules of $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Sigma _{c}^{(*)}$$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ

c

(

∗
)

. The pentaquark states were observed in the $$J/\psi p$$

J
/
ψ
p

invariant mass distributions of the $$\Lambda _b\rightarrow J/\psi p K$$

Λ
b

→
J
/
ψ
p
K

decay. It is widely recognized that to understand their nature, other discovery channels play an important role. In this work, we investigate two three-body decay modes of the $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Sigma _{c}^{(*)}$$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ

c

(

∗
)

molecules. The tree-level modes proceed via off-shell $$\Sigma _{c}^{(*)}$$

Σ

c

(

∗
)

baryons, $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Sigma _{c}^{(*)} \rightarrow {\bar{D}}^{(*)}\left( \Sigma _{c}^{(*)}\rightarrow \Lambda _{c}\pi \right) \rightarrow {\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Lambda _{c}\pi $$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ

c

(

∗
)

→

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ

c

(

∗
)

→

Λ
c

π

→

D

¯

(

∗
)

Λ
c

π

, while the triangle-loop modes proceed through $${\bar{D}}^{*}\Sigma _{c}^{(*)}\rightarrow J/\psi N\pi $$

D

¯

∗

Σ

c

(

∗
)

→
J
/
ψ
N
π

, $$\eta _{c}N\pi $$

η
c

N
π

via $${\bar{D}}\Sigma _{c}^{(*)}$$

D

¯

Σ

c

(

∗
)

rescattering to $$J/\psi N$$

J
/
ψ
N

and $$\eta _{c}N$$

η
c

N

. Our results indicate that the decay widths of the $$P_{c}(4457)$$

P
c

(
4457
)

and $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Sigma _{c}^{*}$$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Σ

c

∗

states into $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Lambda _{c}\pi $$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Λ
c

π

are several MeV, as a result can be observed in the upcoming Run 3 and Run 4 of LHC. The partial decay widths into $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}\Lambda _{c}\pi $$

D

¯

(

∗
)

Λ
c

π

of the $$P_{c}(4312)$$

P
c

(
4312
)

and $$P_{c}(4440)$$

P
c

(
4440
)

states range from tens to hundreds of keV. In addition, the partial decay widths of $${\bar{D}}^{*}\Sigma _{c}$$

D

¯

∗

Σ
c

molecules into $$J/\psi N \pi $$

J
/
ψ
N
π

and $$\eta _c N \pi $$

η
c

N
π

are several keV and tens of keV, respectively, and the partial decay widths of $${\bar{D}}^{*}\Sigma _{c}^{*}$$

D

¯

∗

Σ

c

∗

molecules into $$J/\psi N \pi $$

J
/
ψ
N
π

vary from several keV to tens of keV. In particular, we show that the spin-5/2 $${\bar{D}}^{*}\Sigma _{c}^{*}$$

D

¯

∗

Σ

c

∗

state can be searched for in the $$J/\psi N \pi $$

J
/
ψ
N
π

and $${\bar{D}}^{*}\Lambda _{c}\pi $$

D

¯

∗

Λ
c

π

invariant mass distributions, while the latter one is more favorable. These three-body decay modes of the pentaquark states are of great value to further observations of the pentaquark states and to a better understanding of their nature.
Probabilistic Seismic Assessment for Reinforced Concrete Bridges
Authors: He Lian-Gui , Huang Chang-Wei , Hung Hsiao-Hui , Jean Wen-Yu , Chuang Ching-Chiang , Zeng Wu-Hua
Published: November 2022

Seismic assessments of reinforced concrete (RC) bridges play an important role in the sustainable development of societies and the determination of the critical values of demand measures for various damage limit states is a key issue in seismic assessments. The results of a seismic assessment largely depend on which kind of demand measure is used, but few studies have investigated the nature of the relationships between damage measures in order to avoid inconsistency between seismic assessments. In this study, a finite element model of an RC bridge was constructed to act as a benchmark example. Three parameters, system-equivalent displacement, rotation angle of a plastic hinge, and material strain, were used as the engineering demand parameters (EDPs) to assess the seismic performance of different earthquake levels. Numerical examples demonstrated that the exceedance probabilities significantly depended on the selected EDP and the critical values of the EDPs for the three damage states. To obtain a consistent seismic assessment of the representative bridge for the different EDPs, an iterative probabilistic seismic assessment method was adopted. The EDP critical values could then be determined using the performance-based exceedance probabilities. It was suggested to the exceedance probabilities within 50 years for the three damage limit states (performance-based) at half of the exceedance probability within 50 years for three seismic levels of earthquakes (hazard-based), respectively.
Some cosmological features of 4D Gauss–Bonnet gravity with varying cosmological constant
Authors: Ahmed Nasr , Alfreedi Ajab A. , Alzulaibani Alaa A.
Published: November 2022

We explore some cosmological features of the newly suggested 4D Gauss–Bonnet gravity through two different models assuming a varying cosmological constant [Formula: see text]. Observational constraints, such as the cosmic transit and the flat curvature, have been considered in constructing the models. The cosmology in this work has been probed using a given scale factor derived from the desired cosmic behavior which is the inverse of the usual viewpoint. Several models for [Formula: see text] have been proposed in the literature; we use two different ansatze of varying [Formula: see text] and compare the obtained result. We have found that the second ansatz for the varying [Formula: see text], expressed in terms of the Hubble parameter H, gives better results than the first one. The sound speed causality condition along with all nonlinear energy conditions are satisfied for the case of [Formula: see text]. The cosmographic parameters have been investigated.
Effect of Frequency Content of Seismic Excitation on Slosh Response of Liquid Tank with Baffle Plate
Authors: Nimisha P. , Jayalekshmi B. R. , Venkataramana Katta
Published: November 2022

The violent dynamic behavior of liquid under horizontal excitation is a key factor that needs to be addressed in the seismic-resistant design of liquid tanks. Therefore, this study focuses on the slosh response of the liquid medium in a rectangular tank under Imperial Valley 1979, El Centro 1940 and Kobe 1995 ground motions of different frequency ranges. The ground motions records are selected based on the PGA/PGV ratio. For slosh control, a single vertical perforated baffle plate is used as an anti-slosh element with different configurations of perforations. Considering the free surface elevation as the major response parameter, the effect of percentage of perforation of the baffle plate, clear spacing of perforations and offset distance of the perforated plate are investigated by carrying out the pressure-based transient analysis using computational fluid dynamic (CFD). The optimum perforation varies from 10% to 17%, corresponding to the frequency of ground motion in the range of far-resonant to near-resonant conditions. Additionally, “rapid zone” ([Formula: see text]-zone) and “moderate zone” ([Formula: see text]-zone) are identified to pilot the positioning of the perforated baffle plate in liquid tanks. The perforated baffle plate with an optimum range of moderately spaced perforations positioned at the moderate zone of the tank effectively reduces the free surface elevation. Furthermore, the perforated baffle plate is more advantageous during violent sloshing under near-resonant conditions.
The Effect of Temperature on Dealloying Mechanisms in Molten Salt Corrosion
Authors: Ghaznavi Touraj , Persaud Suraj Y. , Newman Roger C.
Published: November 2022

The mechanism of molten salt corrosion of Ni− and Fe-based model alloys is studied at different homologous temperatures relevant to molten salt nuclear reactor application. Dealloying of Fe and Cr occurs in molten chloride salts in the range of 350 °C–700 °C and the dealloying parting limit depends on temperature. At 350 °C, molten salt dealloying is similar to aqueous systems; surface diffusion of elemental Ni at the solid/electrolyte interface is the governing transport mechanism, and the microporous ligaments have an isotropic morphology. The high surface mobility of Ni blurs the ordinary parting limit concept, but such a limit is still present. Above 500 °C, grain boundary dealloying is prevalent; the governing mechanism is interface-controlled, but a transitional morphology evolves, signaling a role of lattice diffusion. When the temperature exceeds 600 °C, the crystal orientation of dealloyed substrates is no longer that of their parent grain, and the fairly isotropic nature of dealloying shifts to a more one-dimensional corrosion ahead of the dealloying front that indicates some kind of hybrid mechanism. At 700 °C, the dealloying threshold approaches below 22 at%, accompanied by rapid coarsening and densification of the dealloyed material due to strong influence of lattice diffusion of alloying elements.
Research on Intelligent Customization of Cross-Border E-Commerce Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Guo Chunrong , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: November 2022

Cross-border e-commerce has become an important way of “New Infrastructure for Foreign Trade” and “Online Silk Road construction.” Utilizing intelligent technology to energize cross-border e-commerce can improve the quality and efficiency of the whole industrial chain. Cross-border e-commerce enterprises generally face the problem of product customization and development due to the large difference in international market demand. This study first analyzes the research status and technical underpinnings of intelligent customization of cross-border e-commerce, then establishes the technical framework of intelligent customization of cross-border e-commerce based on in-depth learning, and subsequently trains, tests, and analyzes the model, and the intelligent customization model has achieved a higher learning level. Finally, it puts forward the promotion and application strategy of cross-border e-commerce intelligent customization based on deep learning. It has theoretical significance and practical value for intelligently identifying changes in international market demand, helping cross-border e-commerce enterprises select products, and optimizing cross-border e-commerce product development.
Early Education Application Software Based on Artificial Intelligence VR Technology
Authors: Zhao Zhengyue , Xie Tongwei , Wang Huayi , Zheng Yueyang
Published: November 2022

In order to solve the problems of restricted classroom and lack of repeated training in good curriculum, the design and development of a school life adaptation curriculum based on VR is proposed. This study identified six life adaptation themes for design and development (recognizing facial expressions, crossing the road, how to get lost, shopping, taking public transport, and job interview) and set the objectives, design principles, specific content, teaching evaluation, and other aspects of virtual reality life adaptation course. Combined with the characteristics of virtual reality, the implementation suggestions and matters needing attention are put forward. The results showed that, in the recognition of human facial expressions, 51 experts thought it was appropriate, 3 experts thought it needed to be modified, and no expert thought it was inappropriate. On the topic of crossing the road, 46 experts thought it was appropriate, eight thought it needed to be modified, and no expert thought it was inappropriate. On the theme of taking public transportation, 48 experts thought it was appropriate, 6 experts thought it needed to be modified, and no expert thought it was inappropriate. For the three major topics of how to get lost, shopping, and job interview, 2-3 experts put forward different opinions and think that the topic is not appropriate mainly because the grade arrangement is not appropriate. Conclusion. The VR-based curriculum for school life adaptation has been reviewed by experts and revised by researchers. It is scientific, interesting, and operable, solves the teaching problems of life adaptation teachers, and provides a safe, reliable, and effective practice channel for students.
Resurgence of Respiratory Virus after Relaxation of COVID-19 Containment Measures: A Real-World Data Study from a Regional Hospital of Italy
Authors: Treggiari Davide , Piubelli Chiara , Formenti Fabio , Silva Ronaldo , Perandin Francesca
Published: November 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 virus spread in the Northern Hemisphere during the 2019/2020 influenza seasons and it persisted in the 2021/2022 season. A cocirculation of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses was expected in Italy during the winter seasons. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses observed in a hospital in Verona Province, Italy hospital during these past three winter seasons and to compare our data with national and global surveillance reports on the transmission of respiratory viruses in the preceding decade. Our findings clearly demonstrated the extremely low prevalence of influenza virus among hospitalized patients and outpatients during the first two COVID-19 winter seasons, with a reemergence of respiratory syncytial virus in the late 2021. Containment measures may have played an important role in temporarily stopping the circulation of respiratory viruses, but after relaxation, in 2021, we experienced an unusual increase of respiratory syncytial viruses at the beginning of the winter season.
Permanents of Hexagonal and Armchair Chains
Authors: Nekooei O. , Barzegar H. , Ashrafi A. R.
Published: November 2022

The permanent is important invariants of a graph with some applications in physics. If

G

is a graph with adjacency matrix

A
=

a

i
j

, then the permanent of

A

is defined as

perm

A

=

∑

σ
∈

S

n

∏

i
=
1

n

a

i
σ

i

, where

S

n

denotes the symmetric group on

n

symbols. In this paper, the general form of the adjacency matrices of hexagonal and armchair chains will be computed. As a consequence of our work, it is proved that if

G

k

and

H

k

denote the hexagonal and armchair chains, respectively, then

perm

A

G

1

=
4

,

perm

A

G

k

=

k
+
1

2

,

k
≥
2

, and

perm

A

H

k

=

4

k

with

k
≥
1

. One question about the permanent of a hexagonal zig-zag chain is also presented.
IMCSA: Providing Better Sequence Alignment Space for Industrial Control Protocol Reverse Engineering
Authors: Ji Yukai , Huang Tao , Ma Chunlai , Hu Chao , Wang Zhanfeng , Fu Anmin
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, with the wide application of industrial control facilities, industrial control protocol reverse engineering has significant security implications. The reverse method of industrial protocol based on sequence alignment is the current mainstream method because of its high accuracy. However, this method will incur a huge time overhead due to unnecessary alignments during the sequence alignment process. In this paper, we optimize the traditional sequence alignment method by combining the characteristics of industrial control protocols. We improve the frequent sequence mining algorithm, Apriori, to propose a more efficient Bag-of-Words generation algorithm for finding keywords. Then, we precluster the messages based on the generated Bag-of-Words to improve the similarity of the message within a cluster. Finally, we propose an industrial control protocol message preclustering model for sequence alignment, namely, IMCSA. We evaluate it over five industrial control protocols, and the results show that IMCSA can generate clusters with higher message similarity, which will greatly reduce the invalid alignments existing in the sequence alignment stage and ultimately improve the overall efficiency.
Acute Sheehan’s Syndrome Presenting with Hyponatremia Followed by a Spontaneous Pregnancy
Authors: Pineyro Maria M. , Diaz Leonardo , Guzzetti Macarena , Risso Mariana , Pereda Jimena
Published: November 2022

Background. Acute Sheehan’s syndrome is rare, as well as hyponatremia as its initial manifestation. In addition, spontaneous pregnancy in patients after Sheehan’s syndrome is unusual. To our knowledge, no cases of spontaneous pregnancy after acute Sheehan’s syndrome have been reported. We describe a case of Sheehan’s syndrome that presented with acute hyponatremia and a spontaneous pregnancy. Case. A 34-year-old female developed blood loss during delivery, which required a blood transfusion. On day seven postpartum, she presented with headaches, lethargy, and difficulty in breastfeeding. The workup showed hyponatremia (118 mEq/l), secondary hypothyroidism, and low prolactin levels. Magnetic resonance imaging showed pituitary necrosis. She was treated with NaCl, hydrocortisone (cortisol results were not available), and levothyroxine. Laboratory tests six weeks after discharge showed low IGF-1 and 8 AM cortisol and normal FT4, LH, FSH, and PRL levels. She was able to partially breastfeed until 4 months postpartum. Regular menstrual cycles started three months later. She became spontaneously pregnant one year later. Conclusion. Acute Sheehan’s syndrome should be considered in the evaluation of postpartum patients with suggestive symptoms. Physicians should be aware that hyponatremia could be an initial manifestation of Sheehan’s syndrome, which requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Spontaneous pregnancy can occur after acute Sheehan’s syndrome.
Comportamento e competência informacionais para a realidade brasileira: como a informação pode amparar jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Antunes Maria Leonor Amorim , Paula Claudio Paixão Anastácio de , Araújo Eliane Pawlowski Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a temática de comportamento e competência informacionais. Expõe-se a indispensabilidade desta última, considerada farol da sociedade da informação, estar mais condizente com a realidade brasileira. Em uma crítica aos modelos clássicos e consagrados na literatura da área, demonstra-se um confronto diante do perfil de alunado mais presente na realidade brasileira: jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Pergunta-se o que faz com que o ciclo da informação (necessidade-busca-uso) não se inicie e/ou não se conclua satisfatoriamente (culminando em conhecimento) enquanto processo para os estudantes de baixa renda no contexto das escolas públicas. Narra-se os elementos considerados mais agudos, considerados capazes de minar a busca por informação. Conclui-se apontando a necessidade de ampliar as bases epistemológicas e práticas da ciência da informação, de forma a incorporar saberes da área da educação, de forma que o papel do bibliotecário, diante do conhecimento de seu público, possa oferecer estratégias informacionais condizentes com sua realidade.
‘Illiberal Peace’: Oxymoron, Political Necessity, or Old Wine in a New Bottle
Authors: Ohanyan Anna
Published: November 2022

With growing multipolarity and geopolitical polarization, the role of international organizations as third-party actors within the framework of liberal peace, has been steadily declining over the past two decades. The most recent spike in armed conflict since 2014 has not been accompanied by an associated increase in peace agreements and negotiated settlements, as was the case in the 1990s. Considering the undersupply of conflict management by international organizations, the role of state actors in third-party roles has grown, often with weak normative support and commitment to nonviolent conflict management. This has often legitimized the use of violence as a strategy of coercive kinetic diplomacy. Drawing from historical analyses of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, this article examines the question as to whether the current period of growing illiberalism in peacebuilding is historically anachronistic. It introduces a framework of analysis and engages in concept development to understand and operationalize “illiberality of peacebuilding.”
Legal Regulation of the National Ecological Network Development in Russia: Issues and Prospects
Authors: Anisimov Aleksey P. , Voronina Natalia P. , Milovidova Alla I.
Published: November 2022

The main aim of the present article is to justify the requisite nature of a fundamental reform of Russian environmental legislation regulating the procedure for the creation and functioning of specially protected natural areas (spna s). It advances arguments for the conclusion about the need to switch to an ecological network approach when creating spna s, taking into account the condition of adjacent lands. It also examines the research results of natural scientists, as well as the legislative experience of a number of former Soviet republics that have implemented an advanced concept of conservation of natural objects and complexes. The article substantiates the reasonableness of a number of amendments to the Russian legislation, as well as of the regulation of the procedure for creating private spna s. An ecological network is expected to include all the categories of protected areas, water protection zones, wetlands, land plots listed in the Red Book of Soils of the Russian Federation, resorts, etc.
The Interface of Science and Law: Protecting, Preserving and Conserving Biodiversity with the Law of the Sea Convention
Authors: Verlaan Philomène A.
Published: November 2022

With examples drawn primarily from the Law of the Sea Convention, this paper examines potential issues arising under international law facing environmental treaty development and implementation for our natural/physical world where human-imposed jurisdictional boundaries, such as “high seas,” are scientifically irrelevant and may even be potentially detrimental to achieving the admirable environmental objectives sought by these treaties. In this context it explores legal pitfalls produced by well-meaning but often inadequately advised attempts to incorporate incompletely understood scientific concepts and terminology, such as “biodiversity,” in, and/or impose them on, environmental treaties. It considers potential adverse effects on the environment, the rule of law and the development of sound science to support environmental treaties when implementation of existing treaty provisions for environmental protection is neglected.