bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Balancing the Freedom–Security Trade-Off During Crises and Disasters
Authors: Cheek Nathan N. , Reutskaja Elena , Schwartz Barry
Published: January 2022

During crises and disasters, such as hurricanes, terrorist threats, or pandemics, policymakers must often increase security at the cost of freedom. Psychological science, however, has shown that the restriction of freedom may have strong negative consequences for behavior and health. We suggest that psychology can inform policy both by elucidating some negative consequences of lost freedom (e.g., depression or behavioral reactance) and by revealing strategies to address them. We propose four interlocking principles that can help policymakers restore the freedom–security balance. Careful consideration of the psychology of freedom can help policymakers develop policies that most effectively promote public health, safety, and well-being when crises and disasters strike.
Ode to a lost icon, David Jones
Authors: Ravelli Louise
Published: January 2022

The dramatic impact of online shopping on ‘bricks and mortar’ retail is well known, and large, well-established department stores have been no exception. This article provides a case study of one department store, ‘David Jones’ in Sydney, which has been a long-term feature of the retail landscape in Australia. This store’s embodiment of glamour and service has come to define David Jones as an institution, but the affordances of the conventional department store have been challenged in the current environment, disrupting a once-stable social practice. Using Spatial Discourse Analysis and the concepts of discourse, design, production and distribution, the article compares the key attributes which defined David Jones in the past, how those attributes have been disrupted, how the store has responded to those disruptions, and why its responses seem less effective than those of some of its competitors.
A critical care follow-up service evaluation: Acquired peripheral nerve injury after admission with COVID-19 respiratory disease
Authors: Barton Ellen C , Crosbie Gearoid , Hobson Sophie , Harvey Janis , Abu-Arafeh Ahmad , Livesey John A , Wilson Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

Anticipated sequelae of critical care admission for COVID-19 disease remain unclear. Our Edinburgh-based critical care follow-up service identified patterns with nerve injury in 13 of 35 patients who attended following a critical care admission between 15/03/2020 and 25/12/2020. This included 7 cases of meralgia parasthetica, 1 brachial plexopathy, 2 common peroneal neuropathies and 3 ulnar neuropathies. All cases of upper limb neuropathy and foot drop occurred in patients in whom prone positioning was used, with meralgia parasthetica occurring additionally in patients who remained supine.
KRAS and MET in non-small-cell lung cancer: two of the new kids on the ‘drivers’ block
Authors: Garcia-Robledo Juan Esteban , Rosell Rafael , Ruíz-Patiño Alejandro , Sotelo Carolina , Arrieta Oscar , Zatarain-Barrón Lucia , Ordoñez Camila , Jaller Elvira , Rojas Leonardo , Russo Alessandro , de Miguel-Pérez Diego , Rolfo Christian , Cardona Andrés F.
Published: January 2022

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease, and therapeutic management has advanced to identify various critical oncogenic mutations that promote lung cancer tumorigenesis. Subsequent studies have developed targeted therapies against these oncogenes in the hope of personalized treatment based on the tumor’s molecular genomics. This review presents a comprehensive review of the biology, new therapeutic interventions, and resistance patterns of two well-defined subgroups, tumors with KRAS and MET alterations. We also discuss the status of molecular testing practices for these two key oncogenic drivers, considering the progressive introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and RNA sequencing in regular clinical practice.
Brain biopsy in patients with CLIPPERS syndrome: why and when? A case report and literature review
Authors: Galazky Imke , Büntjen Lars , Voges Jürgen , Sandalcioglu I. Erol , Mawrin Christian , Haghikia Aiden
Published: January 2022

CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), predominantly involving the brainstem with a characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance and clinical and radiological responsiveness to glucocorticosteroids. Yet diagnostic biomarkers are missing and other immune-mediated, (para-) infectious and malignant causes mimic CLIPPERS-like MRI presentations. We report the case of a 51-year-old male patient with CLIPPERS who repeatedly responded well to high-dose corticosteroids. After 7 months, however, treatment failed, and he had a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of a CNS B-cell lymphoma. Clinical and MRI signs of CLIPPERS include a wide spectrum of differential diagnoses which often arise only later during the course of disease. Similar to the case presented here, delayed diagnosis and specific therapy may contribute to an unfavorable outcome. Hence, we propose that in the absence of other diagnostic markers, brain biopsy should be performed as early as possible in CLIPPERS patients.
MYD88L265P and CD79B double mutations type (MCD type) of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: mechanism, clinical characteristics, and targeted therapy
Authors: Chen Rongrong , Zhou De , Wang Lulu , Zhu Lixia , Ye Xiujin
Published: January 2022

MYD88/CD79B-mutated (MCD) genotype is a genetic subgroup of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with the co-occurrence of MYD88L265P and CD79B mutations. MCD genotype is characterized by poor prognosis and extranodal involvement especially in immune-privileged sites. MCD model is dominated by activated B-cell (ABC)-like subtype of DLBCLs. It is generally accepted that the pathogenesis of MCD DLBCL mainly includes chronic active B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and oncogenic MYD88 mutations, which drives pathological nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation in MCD lymphoid malignancies. CD79B and MYD88L265P mutations are frequently and contemporaneously founded in B-cell malignancies. The collaboration of the two mutations may explain the unique biology of MCD. Meanwhile, standard immunochemotherapy combine with different targeted therapies worth further study to improve the prognosis of MCD, according to genetic, phenotypic, and clinical features of MCD type. In this review, we systematically described mechanism, clinical characteristics, and targeted therapy of MCD DLBCL.
Fertility in multiple recurrent bilateral ovarian teratomas: A case report
Authors: Bou Zerdan Maroun , Bouferraa Youssef , Boyrazian Raffi , Skaf Rana
Published: January 2022

Very few cases of bilateral and recurrent teratomas have been reported. We present the case of a 21-year-old nulliparous female who presented to an outside facility complaining of left flank pain and was found to have bilateral ovarian teratomas. The physician proceeded with a laparotomy. Five years later, the patient presented to our facility complaining of abdominal pain. Imaging revealed a second incidence of bilateral dermoid cysts for which she underwent a bilateral laparoscopic cystectomy. The patient retained her fertility and was able to deliver a newborn 2 years later. At the age of 31, and during a regular check-up, the patient was found again to have a third incidence of bilateral dermoid cysts for which she underwent bilateral laparoscopic cystectomy with preservation of her ovaries. In conclusion, laparoscopic removal of dermoid cysts is of utmost importance to retain the fertility of young patients. Regular check-up by ultrasound post-operatively is necessary to screen for recurrences and prevent painful presentations.
Comrades or contenders: A corpus-based study of China's Belt and Road in US diplomatic discourse
Authors: Afzaal Muhammad , Zhang Chenxia , Chishti Muhammad Ilyas
Published: January 2022

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has received both praise and criticism within global settings. American stance, however, has been interesting sounding diplomatically more intricate. BRI’s opponents view it being hampered by impediments rather than facilitated with opportunities, while its advocates see opportunities instead of challenges because of its being in global limelight. While all parties have valid justifications for their express or tacit positions, they emphasize on the legitimacy of the status quo. To investigate these significant researchable inquiries, the study exclusively aims at examining the inherent ideologies and inconsistencies witnessed in the presentation and re-presentation of China's Belt and Road Initiative in US public diplomacy media outlets. Our findings reveal that China's image has been constructed differently at US diplomacy public media outlets hence establishing it as a major dimension worth inquiry. The study also shows that media attention and direct responses to the BRI in the United States view it through a lens of politically engineered problems. However, the diplomatic logic of the United States differs from the entire philosophy behind the BRI project as the BRI image has observed a drastic change from positive in re-presentation to being neutral rather somewhat negatively perceived.
Clinical Features of Acne in Primary Care Patients Assessed Through Teledermatology
Authors: Giavina-Bianchi Mara , Azevedo Maria Fernanda Dias , Cordioli Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Introduction/Objectives:

Acne is present in about 90% of teenagers and 12% to 14% of adults. Face and trunk are the most affected areas. Lesions can result in postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and scarring, leading to reduced quality of life. Asynchronous teledermatology has been increasingly used around the world, facilitating patient access to dermatologists. Our objectives were to assess: (1) clinical features of acne patients according to gender, age, severity, site of lesions, excoriation, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), and atrophic scar (AS) and (2) how many referrals to in-person consultations with dermatologists could be avoided using asynchronous teledermatology in primary care attention?

Methods:

We analyzed images, demographic and clinical data of 2459 acne patients assisted by teledermatology, with the aim to confirm the diagnoses, to classify acne severity according to grades I to IV, and to search for the presence of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, atrophic scars, and/or excoriated acne (EA). We compared the clinical and biological data, looking for associations among them.

Results:

Acne severity and age were associated with the most common sequels: postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (mainly on the trunk and in females, P < .0001) and atrophic scars (mainly on the face and in males, P < .0001). We also observed different frequencies according to age and sex: 13 to 24 years in males ( P = .0023); and <12 ( P = .0023) and 25 to 64 years old ( P <.0001) for females; 68% of the patients had no need for in-person dermatologists’ referral, being kept at primary care attention with proper diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusion:

Clinical features of acne and its sequels differ according to gender, age, site, and severity. The new findings of PIH associated with women and AS, with men, may help offer a more personalized management to patients. Teledermatology was suitable for the majority of the acne cases in primary care.
Exploring Individual and Organizational Predictors of School Counselor Wellness
Authors: Fye Heather J. , Cook Ryan M. , Baylin Andrea
Published: January 2022

In the present study, we examined the predictive relationships between individual and organizational factors and multidimensional wellness, as described by the Indivisible Self wellness model. Participants were 297 practicing school counselors from across the United States. Using hierarchical regression analyses, we found predictive relationships between years of experience, race and ethnicity, gender, and amount of time engaged in monthly consultation with several dimensions of wellness.
Accuracy and Bias in Perceptions of why Social Network Members Drink: A Truth and Bias Approach to Drinking Motive (mis)perception
Authors: Bartel Sara J. , Sherry Simon B. , Rodriguez Lindsey M. , Stewart Sherry H.
Published: January 2022

Perceived drinking motives of social network members appear to influence emerging adults’ alcohol use indirectly through their own drinking motives. Ascertaining the accuracy of motive perceptions can determine the relevance of social norm interventions for drinking motives and the utility of egocentric versus direct-reporting social network designs. As part of a larger study, 60 emerging adults (70% female; mean age = 21.57) reported cross-sectionally on their own drinking motives and the drinking motives of a peer. Peers were recruited and reported on their drinking motives. Regression analyses utilizing the truth and bias model indicated social, coping-with-anxiety, and coping-with-depression motives exhibited accuracy. Participants also overestimated peers’ social, enhancement, and conformity motives. Coping-with-depression and enhancement motives exhibited assumed similarity. Most motive perceptions were heavily or singularly influenced by bias. Whether to include actual and/or perceived motives in social network research designs should be carefully considered.
Multiple Channels of Communication: Association Between Emerging Adults’ Communication Patterns, Well-Being, and Parenting
Authors: Lee Sun-Kyung , Dworkin Jodi
Published: January 2022

The current study extends the literature on emerging adults by examining their communication with parents and peers simultaneously. Specifically, emerging adults’ communication patterns and the relationships among communication, well-being, and their perceptions of parents’ involvement and autonomy support are explored. Emerging adults ( N = 328) reported their frequency of communication in person, over the phone, via text message, and on social networking sites with mother, father, and closest friend. A Latent Profile Analysis revealed four communication patterns (Low communication, Friend-oriented, Parent-oriented, and Multimedia). Communication patterns with mothers and fathers were similar; youth used more text messaging and social networking with friends. A Friend-oriented communication pattern was associated with psychological well-being while the Multimedia group reported higher social well-being.
MTP Arthrodesis: Outcomes of Crossroads Dynaforce and Stryker Locking Plate
Authors: Andrews Nicholas A. , Halstrom Jared R. , Ray Jessyca , Fellows Kenneth J. , Harrelson Whitt , Dib Aseel G. , Agarwal Abhinav , Elattar Osama M. , Shah Ashish
Published: January 2022

Category:

Ankle; Midfoot/Forefoot

Introduction/Purpose:

Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint arthrodesis is commonly performed for end-stage hallux rigidus with largely satisfactory results. While current literature demonstrates union rates in the low 90's, there is still room for evolution of techniques and fixation constructs. The new Crossroads Dynaforce plate provides area for direct integration of a compression staple into the dorsal locking plate construct. The purpose of this present study was to compare outcomes of this new plating system to a standard dorsal locking plate from Stryker.

Methods:

Patients undergoing primary MTP arthrodesis from 2010-2020 were identified. Patients receiving Crossroads Dynaforce plates (23 patients) and Stryker Dorsal locking plates (21) for Hallux Rigidus were selected. Radiographic follow-up of >12 weeks and no ongoing ipsilateral infection were required for inclusion. Medical records were examined for patient characteristics, operative variables, and complications. PROMIS physical function, pain interference, and depression domains were collected postoperatively in addition to Foot Function Index (FFI).

Results:

The median age was 57.0 (IQR 16.0) with the average BMI of 30.4 (SD 11.2). No patient comorbidities or demographics were significantly different between Stryker and Crossroads groups. Importantly, the preoperative hallux valgus and intermetatarsal angles did not vary between groups. The use of an interfragmentary screw was significantly higher in the Stryker cohort 20/21 (95%) compared to 16/23 (70%) The rate of wound dehiscence, deep infection, and reoperation did not vary between groups. The nonunion rate did not differ between groups and was 3/21 (14.3%) in the stryker cohort compared to 1/23 (4.3%) in the Crossroads group. Patient reported outcomes measures did not differ between groups and were completed at an average of 2.2 years postoperatively (SD 1.9).

Conclusion:

The Crossroads Dynaforce plate provides comparable outcomes to a legacy dorsal locking plate from Stryker in hallux rigidus. In addition to clinical outcomes, patients report similar levels of function at intermediate term follow up.
Impact of COVID-19-associated anxiety on the adherence to intravitreal injection in patients with macular diseases a year after the initial outbreak
Authors: Liu Siyin , Ng Jonathan K.Y. , Moon Emily Haejoon , Morgan Daisy , Woodhouse Natalie , Agrawal Dakshita , Chan Laura , Chhabra Ramandeep
Published: January 2022

Background:

As the primary burden of treating COVID-19 patients began to ease in the United Kingdom, ophthalmology clinic volume within the National Health Service has since recovered. Alarmingly, the rate of non-attendance remains higher than the pre-pandemic level.

Purpose:

The purpose was to assess how the perceived risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) influences the willingness of individuals with sight-threatening macular conditions to attend intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection appointments during the second wave of the pandemic.

Methods:

This prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Macular Treatment Centre, Manchester Royal Eye Hospital. Patients who missed their appointment in January 2021 were invited to complete an anonymous survey over the telephone. The survey consisted of two parts: (1) a 23-item questionnaire aiming to assess fear of contracting COVID-19 in different hospital-related settings; and (2) the validated COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) to evaluate COVID-19-related anxiety.

Results:

A total of 104 patients agreed to participate in the survey. Only a small proportion of patients believed COVID-19 vaccination (23 out of 88, 26.1%) had influenced their willingness to attend injection appointments. Majority of patients felt concerned about contracting COVID-19 during hospital appointments ( n = 63, 60.6%). Only a minority of patients ( n = 36, 34.6%) agreed with the hospital guidance on minimising clinical examinations during clinic visit. The C-19ASS was significantly higher in female patients, those older than 70 years and those with mobility issues. Higher C-19ASS, older age and living alone were predictors of clinic nonattendance.

Conclusion:

COVID-19 anxiety and fear of viral exposure could adversely affect patient adherence to clinic appointments during the pandemic. Particular attention should be provided to older patients, those who live alone and patients with impaired mobility. This is particularly relevant as hospital eye services across the world are in the process of restarting.
Cultural Evolution Theory and Organizations
Authors: Brahm Francisco , Poblete Joaquin
Published: January 2022

Fully explaining organizational phenomena requires exploring not only “how” a phenomenon works – i.e., the details of its internal structure and mechanisms – but also “why” the phenomenon is present in the first place – i.e., explaining its origins and the ultimate reasons for its existence. The latter is particularly important for central questions in organizational research such as the nature of organizations, the evolution of organizational culture, or the origin of organizational capabilities. In this article, we propose that cultural evolution theory (CET) can be usefully applied to organizational scholarship to pursue such “origin” questions. CET has adapted ideas and methods from evolutionary biology to successfully explain the evolution of culture in human societies, exploring the origins of various social phenomena such as religion, technological progress, large-scale cooperation, and cross-cultural psychological variation. We elaborate how CET can be also applied to understand the evolution and origin of important organizational phenomena. We discuss how CET provides ultimate explanations using micro-evolutionary formal models and deploying macro-evolutionary tools for empirical analysis. We provide a detailed application of these ideas to explain the origin of productive organizations (e.g., firms, partnerships, guilds). We also propose several avenues for future research; in particular, we explore how CET can serve as an overarching theoretical framework that helps integrate the myriad of theories that explain how organizations operate and evolve.
Collisions of difference: Teaching gender and sexuality in a conservative and religious culture
Authors: Ingersoll Alicia R , Cook Alison
Published: January 2022

Gender and sexuality have been at the forefront of societal debate in recent years with various legal battles concerning LGBT rights and religious liberties taking center stage. Shifts in attitudes and gains in legal protections have served to entrench conservative religious beliefs and to perpetuate generational “bitter” knowledge. This study seeks to understand the types of beliefs brought into the classroom by students and to examine the role of religious socialization in shaping and maintaining problematic beliefs in the context of learning new discordant knowledge. The data demonstrate that students bring “bitter” or problematic knowledge into the classroom, which serves as an obstacle to engaging in critical inquiry. We explore how the educational technique of engaging in pedagogies of discomfort invites students to see things differently and to examine how the religious institution has shaped their beliefs and values. We conclude with the call for educators to create authenticity and safety through sharing in self-examination and presenting their own vulnerability within the course.
Illoqite-(Ce), Na2NaBaCeZnSi6O17, a new member of the nordite supergroup from Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland.
Authors: Gulbransen Emil H. , Friis Henrik , Dal Bo Fabrice , Erambert Muriel
Published: January 2022

The new mineral, illoqite-(Ce), with the ideal formula Na2NaBaCeZnSi6O17, has been discovered in the Taseq Slope, Ilímaussaq Alkaline Complex, Southern Greenland. Illoqite-(Ce) occurs in a hyperalkaline ussingite vein closely related to one of the largest ussingite veins in the Ilímaussaq complex. The associated minerals are aegirine, arfvedsonite, a britholite-group mineral, epistolite, chkalovite, lueshite, Mn-rich pectolite group member and steenstrupine-(Ce). Illoqite-(Ce) crystallises as either single euhedral crystals up to 150 μm in size or radiating aggregates consisting of a few or many crystals. The aggregates are up to 200 μm in diameter. Illoqite-(Ce) can occur as scattered small groups of crystals or aggregates, but sometimes they occur in high concentrations creating clusters or bands almost completely consisting of illoqite-(Ce). The empirical formula on the basis of 17 anions is Na2.00Na1.00(Ba0.59Sr0.32Ca0.04Na0.03)Σ0.98(Ce0.68La0.31Nd0.09Pr0.04)Σ1.12(Zn0.42Fe0.34Li0.14Mn0.09)Σ0.99Si5.97O17, with the simplified formula being Na2Na(Ba,Sr)(Ce,La,Nd)(Zn,Fe,Li)Si6O17. Illoqite-(Ce) exhibits sector zoning between elements Sr and Ba. The crystal structure was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined toR1= 2.46% using 1902 unique reflections. Illoqite-(Ce) is orthorhombic,Pcca, witha= 14.5340(7),b= 5.2213(1),c= 19.8270(4) Å,V= 1507.25(6) Å3andZ= 4. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 7.266 (79) (200), 4.688 (44) (104), 4.241 (64) (210), 3.486 (79) (114), 3.340 (52) (312), 2.986 (67) (410), 2.882 (100) (314) and 2.789 (44) (016). Illoqite-(Ce) is a new member of the nordite supergroup and is named after the Greenlandic word illoq, meaning cousin, in allusion to the mineral's close relation to nordite-(Ce).
Tire Road Friction Coefficient Estimation: Review and Research Perspectives
Authors: Wang Yan , Hu Jingyu , Wang Fa’an , Dong Haoxuan , Yan Yongjun , Ren Yanjun , Zhou Chaobin , Yin Guodong
Published: January 2022

Many surveys on vehicle traffic safety have shown that the tire road friction coefficient (TRFC) is correlated with the probability of an accident. The probability of road accidents increases sharply on slippery road surfaces. Therefore, accurate knowledge of TRFC contributes to the optimization of driver maneuvers for further improving the safety of intelligent vehicles. A large number of researchers have employed different tools and proposed different algorithms to obtain TRFC. This work investigates these different methods that have been widely utilized to estimate TRFC. These methods are divided into three main categories: off-board sensors-based, vehicle dynamics-based, and data-driven-based methods. This review provides a comparative analysis of these methods and describes their strengths and weaknesses. Moreover, some future research directions regarding TRFC estimation are presented.
Utilization of dental services and health literacy by older seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Weber Sophia , Günther Elena , Hahnel Sebastian , Nitschke Ina , Rauch Angelika
Published: January 2022

Background

This study aimed to investigate the utilization of dental services by older seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate their ability of finding, understanding, and using information on COVID-19.

Methods

At the end of February 2021, a survey addressing demographic characteristics of the participants, (pain-associated) utilization of dental services, worries regarding a potential COVID-19 infection, the individual use of protective masks, and difficulties regarding the access to information on COVID-19 (by using the modified European Health Literacy Questionnaire [HLS-EU-Q16]) was developed. It was sent to all patients of the Dental Clinic of University of Leipzig who were either 75, 80, or 85 years old (n = 1228). Participation was voluntarily and anonymously; questionnaires had to be returned within six weeks, no reminders were sent.

Results

Of the 439 replies (response rate 35.7%), twelve were excluded from data extraction due to disinterest, dementia, or lack of age information. Of the older seniors, 81.5% (n = 348) had utilized at least one dental examination and 54.2% of the dentulous patients (n = 199) had attended at least one dental hygiene appointment within the past year. Up to 55.8% of all participants said it was “difficult” or “very difficult” to find, understand, and use information on COVID-19, especially when judging reliability of information presented in the media, which was especially true for seniors with assigned care levels presenting odds ratios up to 5.30.

Conclusions

The investigation revealed a frequent utilization of dental services by older seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the older seniors encountered difficulties finding, using, and understanding information about COVID-19.
Identification of key genes in pathogenesis of placental insufficiency intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Zhang Chunhua , Ding Jiao , Li Hong , Wang Ting
Published: January 2022

Background

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as a fetus that fails to achieve its genetically determined growth potential. The exact molecular mechanisms of placental insufficiency IUGR pathogenesis are a little known. Our goal was to identify key genes and gene co-expression modules related to placental insufficiency IUGR.

Methods

We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis to examine the IUGR dataset GSE114691 from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus. Core modules and hub nodes of the protein-protein interaction network were identified. A gene network was constructed and genes were classified by WGCNA into different modules. The validation of potential key genes was carried out using additional datasets (GSE12216 and GSE24129).

Results

We identified in GSE114691 539 down regulated genes and 751 up regulated genes in placental tissues characteristic of placental insufficiency IUGR compared with non-IUGR, and defined 76 genes as hub nodes in the protein-protein interaction network. Genes in the key modules of the WGCNA network were most closely associated with placental insufficiency IUGR and significantly enriched in biological process such as cellular metabolic process and macromolecule metabolic process. We identified as key genes TGFB1, LEP, ENG, ITGA5, STAT5A, LYN, GATA3, FPR1, TGFB2, CEBPB, KLF4, FLT1, and PNPLA2. The RNA expression levels of ENG and LEP, as biomarkers, were validated.

Conclusion

A holistic gene expression profile of placental insufficiency IUGR has been generated and the key genes ENG and LEP has potential to serve as circulating diagnosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets for placental insufficiency IUGR.
The nursing care of people with class III obesity in an acute care setting: a scoping review
Authors: Ewens Beverley , Kemp Vivien , Towell-Barnard Amanda , Whitehead Lisa
Published: January 2022

Background

Patients with Class III obesity pose unique challenges to health care staff and organisations. Care requirements of this population are unique and require specialised equipment and knowledge to meet these needs, maintain the quality of care, as well as the safety of patients and staff.

Aim

To synthesise the evidence on the nursing care of Class III obese patients in acute care settings.

Methods

A scoping review informed by JBI. CINAHL Plus, Medline, Scopus, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Embase were searched for primary research articles about the nursing management of people classified as Class III obese in acute care. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed; data extracted and synthesised into themes.

Results

Fourteen studies were included in the review. The synthesis generated three themes: Access to equipment, knowledge and training, patient care, and opportunities to improve care.

Conclusions

A paucity of high-quality evidence informs the nursing care of people with Class III obesity in acute care. Access to appropriate equipment dominated the findings of this review. Adequate provision of equipment and education on its use are required. Education to promote engagement with patients, adapting clinical practice and promotion of self-care could improve care and outcomes.
Difference in the foot intersegmental coordination pattern between female lacrosse players with and without a history of medial Tibial stress syndrome; a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Akuzawa Hiroshi , Oshikawa Tomoki , Nakamura Koji , Kubota Ren , Takaki Norifumi , Matsunaga Naoto , Kaneoka Koji
Published: January 2022

Background

Medial tibial stress syndrome is a common sports related injury. Altered foot kinematics can be a risk factor for the injury. Since foot segments can move independently, intersegment coordination is important for proper foot function. This study aimed to compare the foot intersegmental coordination pattern and single segment kinematics between female lacrosse players with and without a history of medial tibial stress syndrome during drop jump.

Methods

Twelve players with a medial tibial stress syndrome history and 12 players with no history were enrolled. Foot kinematics, including angle at landing and peak angle and excursion at the rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot during single‐leg drop jumps were analysed. Each segment motion data from landing to leaping was time‐scaled to 100% to analyse the intersegmental coordination with a modified vector coding technique. Instant intersegmental coordination of every 1% was classified into four patterns (in‐phase, two segments rotate in the same direction with similar amplitudes; anti‐phase, two segments rotate in opposite directions; proximal phase, proximal segment dominantly rotates in the same direction compared to the distal segment; and distal phase, distal segment dominantly rotates in the same direction compared to the proximal segment). The percentage of intersegmental coordination pattern and kinematics in each segment were compared between the groups using the Student's t test.

Results

Groups with a history of medial stress syndrome showed a significantly higher percentage of proximal phase between the rearfoot and midfoot in the sagittal (Mean ± SD; history, 52.2 ± 17.9%, no history, 29.3 ± 16.7%; p = 0.004) and coronal planes (history, 40.3 ± 22.0%, no history, 15.9 ± 9.1%; p = 0.004). Dorsiflexion excursion (history, 34.5 ± 4.5°, no history, 29.6 ± 2.1°; p = 0.003) were significantly larger in a history of medial tibial stress syndrome group compared to no history group.

Conclusions

Rearfoot dominant motion pattern relative to the midfoot may be related to medial tibial stress syndrome. Intersegmental coordination analysis may be useful for detecting abnormal foot coordination patterns. Also, stabilization for the rearfoot may be required rather than the midfoot for intervention.
Diagnostic significance of serum FGD5-AS1 and its predictive value for the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wang Yongdi , Wang Jian
Published: January 2022

Background

As a result of the continuous rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been a main healthy burden worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of FGD5-AS1 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of T2DM and predicting cardiovascular complications in T2DM.

Methods

Three hundred subjects were recruited in this study, including 100 T2DM patients without CVDs, 100 T2DM patients with CVDs as well as 100 healthy subjects. Plasma FGD5-AS1 level was quantified using RT-qPCR assay. The correlation of FGD5-AS1 level with other key variables was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of FGD5-AS1 for T2DM and related CVDs. The effect of FGD5-AS1 on AC16 and HA-VSMCs was determined.

Results

FGD5-AS1 level showed a stepwise decrease in individuals with T2DM and CVDs compared to healthy persons. FGD5-AS1 was associated with BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, usCRP, and HDL-cholesterol. The ROC analysis indicated FGD5-AS1 had a significant overall predictive ability to diagnose T2DM, T2DM with CVDs, and the combination of both. FGD5-AS1 increases the growth but alleviates apoptosis and fibrosis of high glucose-induced AC16 cells. FGD5-AS1 attenuate the growth and calcification but induced apoptosis of high glucose-treated HA-VSMC cells.

Conclusions

These results suggest that FGD5-AS1 are associated with T2DM and measuring FGD5-AS1 could potentially contribute to T2DM screening and prediction for risk of cardiovascular complication.
Plasma lipid profiles in early adulthood are associated with epigenetic aging in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Gao Tao , Wilkins John T. , Zheng Yinan , Joyce Brian T. , Jacobs David R. , Schreiner Pamela J. , Horvath Steve , Greenland Philip , Lloyd-Jones Donald , Hou Lifang
Published: January 2022

Background

GrimAge acceleration (GAA), an epigenetic marker that represents physiologic aging, is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the associations between early adulthood lipid levels and GAA in midlife are unknown. Also, it is unknown whether GAA mediates the associations between lipid levels in young adults and subclinical atherosclerosis in midlife.

Results

We estimated measures of epigenetic age acceleration in 1118 White and Black participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study at examination years (Y) 15 and 20. We used multivariable regression models to examine associations of Y15 and Y20 GAA estimates with plasma lipid levels measured at prior examination years (Y0, Y5, and Y10) and concurrently: triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Mediation analysis was used to assess the extent to which GAA may mediate associations between plasma lipids and coronary artery calcification (CAC). In our study each 1-SD higher cumulative TG level was associated with an average 0.73 ± 0.12 years older GAA. Each 1-SD higher cumulative HDL-C level was associated with an average 0.57 ± 0.17 years younger GAA. Stratified analyses showed that the associations between TG and GAA were stronger among female and Black participants and the associations between HDL-C and GAA were stronger among female and White participants. GAA statistically mediated 17.4% of the association of cumulative TG with CAC.

Conclusions

High TG and low HDL-C in early adulthood are associated with accelerated epigenetic aging by midlife. Increased epigenetic age acceleration may partially mediate the associations between high TG levels and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis.
Homozygous R136S mutation in PRNP gene causes inherited early onset prion disease
Authors: Ximelis Teresa , Marín-Moreno Alba , Espinosa Juan Carlos , Eraña Hasier , Charco Jorge M. , Hernández Isabel , Riveira Carmen , Alcolea Daniel , González-Roca Eva , Aldecoa Iban , Molina-Porcel Laura , Parchi Piero , Rossi Marcello , Castilla Joaquín , Ruiz-García Raquel , Gelpi Ellen , Torres Juan María , Sánchez-Valle Raquel
Published: January 2022

Background

More than 40 pathogenic heterozygous PRNP mutations causing inherited prion diseases have been identified to date. Recessive inherited prion disease has not been described to date.

Methods

We describe the clinical and neuropathological data of inherited early-onset prion disease caused by the rare PRNP homozygous mutation R136S. In vitro PrPSc propagation studies were performed using recombinant-adapted protein misfolding cyclic amplification technique. Brain material from two R136S homozygous patients was intracranially inoculated in TgMet129 and TgVal129 transgenic mice to assess the transmissibility of this rare inherited form of prion disease.

Results

The index case presented symptoms of early-onset dementia beginning at the age of 49 and died at the age of 53. Neuropathological evaluation of the proband revealed abundant multicentric PrP plaques and Western blotting revealed a ~ 8 kDa protease-resistant, unglycosylated PrPSc fragment, consistent with a Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker phenotype. Her youngest sibling suffered from progressive cognitive decline, motor impairment, and myoclonus with onset in her late 30s and died at the age of 48. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of the R136S mutation in homozygosis in the two affected subjects linked to homozygous methionine at codon 129. One sibling carrying the heterozygous R136S mutation, linked to homozygous methionine at codon 129, is still asymptomatic at the age of 74. The inoculation of human brain homogenates from our index case and an independent case from a Portuguese family with the same mutation in transgenic mice expressing human PrP and in vitro propagation of PrPSc studies failed to show disease transmissibility.

Conclusion

In conclusion, biallelic R136S substitution is a rare variant that produces inherited early-onset human prion disease with a Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker neuropathological and molecular signature. Even if the R136S variant is predicted to be “probably damaging”, heterozygous carriers are protected, at least from an early onset providing evidence for a potentially recessive pattern of inheritance in human prion diseases.
Psychotherapeutic interventions in individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s dementia: a systematic review
Authors: Rostamzadeh Ayda , Kahlert Anna , Kalthegener Franziska , Jessen Frank
Published: January 2022

Background

Expanding technologies of early detection of Alzheimer’s disease allow to identify individuals at risk of dementia in early and asymptomatic disease stages. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, are common in the course of AD and may be clinically observed many years before the onset of significant cognitive symptoms. To date, therapeutic interventions for AD focus on pharmacological and life style modification-based strategies. However, despite good evidence for psychotherapy in late-life depression, evidence for such therapeutic approaches to improve cognitive and emotional well-being and thereby reduce psychological risk factors in the course of AD are sparse.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted in PUBMED, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials to summarize the state of evidence on psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational interventions for individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s dementia. Eligible articles needed to apply a manualized and standardized psychotherapeutic or psychoeducational content administered by trained professionals for individuals with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment and measure mental health, quality of life or well-being.

Results

The literature search yielded 32 studies that were included in this narrative summary. The data illustrates heterogeneous therapeutic approaches with mostly small sample sizes and short follow-up monitoring. Strength of evidence from randomized-controlled studies for interventions that may improve mood and well-being is scarce. Qualitative data suggests positive impact on cognitive restructuring, and disease acceptance, including positive effects on quality of life. Specific therapeutic determinants of efficacy have not been identified to date.

Conclusions

This review underlines the need of specific psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational approaches for individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s dementia, particularly in terms of an early intervention aiming at improving mental health and well-being. One challenge is the modification of psychotherapeutic techniques according to the different stages of cognitive decline in the course of AD, which is needed to be sensitive to the individual needs.
Use of personal protective equipment by European Radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS)
Authors: Adriaensen Miraude EAPM , Dalili Danoob , Lamb Hildo , Ricci Paolo
Published: January 2022

Background

The current global pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has profoundly impacted medical practitioners worldwide. This survey was formed by the Radiology Section of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) to establish the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by European radiologists committed to providing face-to-face ultrasound services after the first few months of the COVID-19 global pandemic.

Results

The results showed a heterogeneous picture within Europe regarding PPE used by European radiologists providing face-to-face ultrasound services. Ranging from full protection including full limb protection and double gloves to no PPE at all. In general, European radiologists were using more PPE when providing face-to-face ultrasound services in COVID-19 positive patients than in COVID-19 asymptomatic patients. In many member countries of the Radiology Section of the UEMS (19/30), there were no national guidelines with regard to the use of PPE by healthcare professionals committed to providing face-to-face ultrasound services.

Conclusions

Our results showed that harmonization on a European level regarding the recommended use of PPE for European radiologists providing face-to-face ultrasound services is lacking. When the position statements and best practice recommendations on standards in ultrasound are revised, we recommend adding a paragraph on PPE.
IL-6 coaxes cellular dedifferentiation as a pro-regenerative intermediate that contributes to pericardial ADSC-induced cardiac repair
Authors: Zhu Hongtao , Liu Xueqing , Ding Yuan , Tan Kezhe , Ni Wen , Ouyang Weili , Tang Jianfeng , Ding Xiaojun , Zhao Jianfeng , Hao Yingcai , Teng Zenghui , Deng Xiaoming , Ding Zhaoping
Published: January 2022

Background

Cellular dedifferentiation is a regenerative prerequisite that warrants cell cycle reentry and appropriate mitotic division during de novo formation of cardiomyocytes. In the light of our previous finding that expression of injury-responsive element, Wilms Tumor factor 1 (WT1), in pericardial adipose stromal cells (ADSC) conferred a compelling reparative activity with concomitant IL-6 upregulation, we then aim to unravel the mechanistic network that governs the process of regenerative dedifferentiation after ADSC-based therapy.

Methods and results

WT1-expressing ADSC (eGFP:WT1) were irreversibly labeled in transgenic mice (WT1-iCre/Gt(ROSA)26Sor-eGFP) primed with myocardial infarction. EGFP:WT1 cells were enzymatically isolated from the pericardial adipose tissue and cytometrically purified (ADSCgfp+). Bulk RNA-seq revealed upregulation of cardiac-related genes and trophic factors in ADSCgfp+ subset, of which IL-6 was most abundant as compared to non-WT1 ADSC (ADSCgfp−). Injection of ADSCgfp+ subset into the infarcted hearts yielded striking structural repair and functional improvement in comparison to ADSCgfp− subset. Notably, ADSCgfp+ injection triggered significant quantity of dedifferentiated cardiomyocytes recognized as round-sharp, marginalization of sarcomeric proteins, expression of molecular signature of non-myogenic genes (Vimentin, RunX1), and proliferative markers (Ki-67, Aurora B and pH3). In the cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes, spontaneous dedifferentiation was accelerated by adding tissue extracts from the ADSC-treated hearts, which was neutralized by IL-6 antibody. Genetical lack of IL-6 in ADSC dampened cardiac dedifferentiation and reparative activity.

Conclusions

Taken collectively, our results revealed a previous unappreciated effect of IL-6 on cardiac dedifferentiation and regeneration. The finding, therefore, fulfills the promise of stem cell therapy and may represent an innovative strategy in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.