bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Novel Concentrating Photovoltaic Thermal Solar Collector under Quasi-Dynamic Conditions
Authors: Hosouli Sahand , Gomes João , Talha Jahangir Muhammad , Pius George
Published: April 2023

Concentrating Photovoltaic Thermal (CPVT) collectors are suitable for integration in limited roof space due to their higher solar conversion efficiency. Solar sunlight can be used more effectively by CPVT collectors in comparison to individual solar thermal collectors or PV modules. In this study, the experimental investigation of a novel CPVT collector called a PC (power collector) has been carried out in real outdoor conditions, and the test set-up has been designed based on ISO 9806:2013. A quasi-dynamic testing method has been used because of the advantages that this method can offer for collectors with a unique construction, such as the proposed collector, over the steady-state testing method. With a quasi-dynamic testing method, it is possible to characterize the collector within a wide range of incidence angles and a complex incidence angle modifier profile. The proposed novel collector has a gross area of 2.57 m2. A maximum power output per collector unit area of 1140 W is found at 0 °C reduced temperature (1000 W/m2 irradiance level), while at a higher reduced temperature (70 °C), it drops down to 510 W for the same irradiance level. The data have been fitted through a multiple linear regression method, and the obtained efficiency curve coefficients are 0.39, 0.192, 1.294, 0.023, 0.2, 0, −5929 and 0 for Kθd, b0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5 and c6, respectively. The experimental characterization carried out on the collector proved that the output powers calculated by using the obtained parameters of the quasi-dynamic testing method are in good agreement with experimental points.
Evaluating the Presence of Sustainable Development Goals in Digital Teen Series: An Analytical Proposal
Authors: Valenzuela-Monreal Sara , Lozano Delmar Javier , Araque-Padilla Rafael A.
Published: April 2023

In 2015, the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals. Several experts on sustainable development have highlighted the need for educational transformation to achieve them on time. Simultaneously, the influence of teen series on the personal and social development of teenagers has been increasingly demonstrated, especially after their boom through video-on-demand digital platforms. Therefore, it is worth asking how the 2030 Agenda goals are presented in teen series, especially in those of public television, such as the Spanish one, due to its commitment to young people and the SDGs (ratified in its official documents). The aim of this study is to propose an analysis tool and, subsequently, to apply it to a content analysis of the digital teen series Boca Norte. The results of the analysis reveal that social issues are presented in Boca Norte, while environmental ones are not. In addition, the results show limitations in the integration of SDG-related issues, especially because they are focused on social relationships between characters rather than on realities, contexts and consequences. The tools’ findings could impact or be linked to teenagers’ education. These conclusions prove that the proposed tool is useful, even for the development of new series for public television aligned with its public commitment.
Effective f(R) Actions for Modified Loop Quantum Cosmologies via Order Reduction
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Rita , Vernieri Daniele , Lobo Francisco S. N.
Published: April 2023

General Relativity is an extremely successful theory, at least for weak gravitational fields; however, it breaks down at very high energies, such as in correspondence to the initial singularity. Quantum Gravity is expected to provide more physical insights in relation to this open question. Indeed, one alternative scenario to the Big Bang, that manages to completely avoid the singularity, is offered by Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC), which predicts that the Universe undergoes a collapse to an expansion through a bounce. In this work, we use metric f(R) gravity to reproduce the modified Friedmann equations which have been obtained in the context of modified loop quantum cosmologies. To achieve this, we apply an order reduction method to the f(R) field equations, and obtain covariant effective actions that lead to a bounce, for specific models of modified LQC, considering a massless scalar field.
Municipal Solid Waste Collection and Coverage Rates in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Adedara Muyiwa Lawrence , Taiwo Ridwan , Bork Hans-Rudolf
Published: April 2023

The annual volume of waste generated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) increased from 81 million tonnes to 174 million tonnes per year between 2012 and 2016 and is projected to reach 269 million tonnes in 2030. In 2018, SSA’s municipal solid waste (MSW) collection coverage was estimated at 44%. Concerned that the waste generation rate outweighs the collection pace, we conducted a systematic review of studies on MSW collection to examine the current situation in the region concerning the waste collection and coverage rates and to highlight the impediments to rapid progress in waste collection using the lens of four cities. Findings reveal that, despite the involvement of private waste collectors, collection and coverage rates are still below the desired 100% with backlogs of uncollected waste in public spaces, especially in low-income neighbourhoods where coverage remains abysmally low. This study fortifies the systematic discussion on MSW collection and coverage rates by conducting a meta-analysis. The result of the analysis shows that the waste collection and coverage rates are 65% and 67% in SSA, respectively. Aside from the paucity of data on waste generation rate and characterisation, most available data are incongruent. The review further shows that although several studies have been carried out on waste disposal, waste treatment and recycling in SSA studies directly focused on MSW collection are still few, leaving room for more research in this area. The review offers suggestions on how collection and coverage rates can be increased and equally proposes a strategy for reducing scavenging activities in the region’s unsanitary landfills, given its concomitant health impacts on the scavengers.
Optimal Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Traffic Load for Smart Cities
Authors: Campaña Miguel , Inga Esteban
Published: April 2023

The massive introduction of electric vehicles as a mobility alternative requires deploying an infrastructure of charging stations for electric cars (ICSEC). This new mobility concept will mitigate the environmental harm caused by the emission of CO2 generated by conventional internal combustion mobility methods. The sustainability of the ICSEC depends not only on the capacity to meet the demand for charging batteries for electric vehicles (EV) but also on an adequate number of public/private charging stations (CS) distributed in a geolocalized area. It is noted that the distribution of CS must respond to a set of real mobility constraints, such as vehicular flow capacity, road capacity, and trajectories. The planning, intelligent location of public charging stations (PCS), and contingency analysis will enable us to study the increase in demand for electrical distribution substations (EDS). Therefore, the present model explains the need to plan the massive introduction of EVs by observing the user’s conditions at the trajectory level through finite resource allocation processes, segmentation, and minimum spanning trees, by observing heterogeneous vehicular flow criteria through microscopic analysis, to understand the space–time relationship of vehicular flow in georeferenced scenarios. Consequently, the computational complexity of the model is of the combinatorial type, and it is defined as NP-Hard given the multiple variables and constraints within the transportation problem.
A Novel Spam Classification System for E-Mail Using a Gradient Fuzzy Guideline-Based Spam Classifier (GFGSC)
Authors: Subramaniam Vinoth Narayanan Arumugam , Annamalai Rajesh
Published: April 2023

Spam messages have increased dramatically in recent years even as the number of email clients has grown. Email has already become a valuable way of communicating because it saves time and effort. However, numerous emails contain unwelcome content known as spam as a result of social platforms and advertisements. Despite the fact that many techniques have already been created for spam mails categorization, none of them achieves 100 percent efficiency in analyzing spam messages. So, in this research, we propose a novel Gradient Fuzzy Guideline-based Spam Classifier (GFGSC) for classifying the spam e-mails as spam or non-spam. This research uses four types of datasets and these datasets are pre-processed using normalization. Then the set of data can be extracted using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) techniques. The aspects are selected using Information Gain (IG) and Chi-Square (ChS) techniques. And the GFGSC classifier can be used for classifying the data as spam or non-spam with better effectiveness. Finally, the performances are examined and these metrics are matched with the existing approaches. The results are obtained using the MATLAB tool.
A Topic-Specific Web Crawler using Deep Convolutional Networks
Authors: ALqaraleh Saed Abdel Wahhab Reshid , Sırın Hatice Meltem Nergız
Published: April 2023

This paper presented a new focused crawler that efficiently supports the Turkish language. The developed architecture was divided into multiple units: a control unit, crawler unit, link extractor unit, link sorter unit, and natural language processing unit. The crawler's units can work in parallel to process the massive amount of published websites. Also, the proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based natural language processing unit can professionally classifying Turkish text and web pages. Extensive experiments using three datasets have been performed to illustrate the performance of the developed approach. The first dataset contains 50,000 Turkish web pages downloaded by the developed crawler, while the other two are publicly available and consist of “28,567” and “22,431” Turkish web pages, respectively. In addition, the Vector Space Model (VSM) in general and word embedding state-of-the-art techniques, in particular, were investigated to find the most suitable one for the Turkish language. Overall, results indicated that the developed approach had achieved good performance, robustness, and stability when processing the Turkish language. Also, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer (BERT) was found to be the most appropriate embedding for building an efficient Turkish language classification system. Finally, our experiments showed superior performance of the developed natural language processing unit against seven state-of-the-art CNN classification systems. Where accuracy improvement compared to the second-best is 10% and 47% compared to the lowest performance.
Convolutional Neural Network Based Hand Gesture Recognition in Sophisticated Background for Humanoid Robot Control
Authors: Yildiz Ali , Adar Nurettin Gökhan , Mert Ahmet
Published: April 2023

Hand gesture recognition is a preferred way for human-robot interactions. Conventional approaches are generally based on image processing and recognition of hand poses with simple backgrounds. In this paper, we propose deep learning models, and humanoid robot integration for offline and online (real-time) recognition and control using hand gestures. One thousand and two hundred of hand images belonging to four participants are collected to construct the hand gesture database. Five class (forward, backward, right, left and stop) images in six sophisticated backgrounds with different illumination levels are obtained for four participants, and then one participant's images are kept as testing data. A lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and transfer learning techniques using VGG16, and Mobilenetv2 are performed on this database to evaluate user independent performance of the hand gesture system. After offline training, real-time implementation is designed using a mobile phone (Wi-Fi and camera), Wi-Fi router, computer with embedded deep learning algorithms, and NAO humanoid robot. Streamed video by the mobile phone is processed and recognized using the proposed deep algorithm in the computer, and then command is transferred to robot via TCP/IP protocol. Thus, the NAO humanoid robot control using hand gesture in RGB and HSV color spaces is evaluated in sophisticated background, and the implementation of the system is presented. In our simulations, 95% and 100% accuracy rates are yielded for the lightweight CNN, and transfer learning, respectively.
Hierarchical Spinning of Janus Textiles with Anisotropic Wettability for Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Han , Sun Lingyu , Guo Jiahui , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: April 2023

Wound healing and tissue repair are recognized as basic human health problems worldwide. Attempts to accelerate the reparative process are focused on developing functional wound dressings. Herein, we present novel Janus textiles with anisotropic wettability from hierarchical microfluidic spinning for wound healing. The hydrophilic hydrogel microfibers from microfluidics are woven into textiles for freeze-drying treatment, followed by the deposition of electrostatic spinning nanofibers composed of hydrophobic polylactic acid (PLA) and silver nanoparticles. The electrospun nanofiber layer can be well coupled with the hydrogel microfiber layer to generate Janus textiles with anisotropic wettability due to the roughness of the hydrogel textile surface and the incomplete evaporation of PLA solution when reaching the surface. For wound treatment with the hydrophobic PLA side contacting the wound surface, the wound exudate can be pumped from the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic side based on the wettability differential derived drainage force. During this process, the hydrophobic side of the Janus textile can prevent excess fluid from infiltrating the wound again, preventing excessive moisture and preserving the breathability of the wound. In addition, the silver nanoparticles contained in the hydrophobic nanofibers could impart the textiles with good antibacterial effect, which further promote the wound healing efficiency. These features indicate that the described Janus fiber textile has great application potential in the field of wound treatment.
Transcranial Magneto-Acoustic Stimulation Attenuates Synaptic Plasticity Impairment through the Activation of Piezo1 in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Chu Fangxuan , Tan Ruxin , Wang Xin , Zhou Xiaoqing , Ma Ren , Ma Xiaoxu , Li Ying , Liu Ruixu , Zhang Chunlan , Liu Xu , Yin Tao , Liu Zhipeng
Published: April 2023

The neuropathological features of Alzheimer’s disease include amyloid plaques. Rapidly emerging evidence suggests that Piezo1, a mechanosensitive cation channel, plays a critical role in transforming ultrasound-related mechanical stimuli through its trimeric propeller-like structure, but the importance of Piezo1-mediated mechanotransduction in brain functions is less appreciated. However, apart from mechanical stimulation, Piezo1 channels are strongly modulated by voltage. We assume that Piezo1 may play a role in converting mechanical and electrical signals, which could induce the phagocytosis and degradation of Aβ, and the combined effect of mechanical and electrical stimulation is superior to single mechanical stimulation. Hence, we design a transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation (TMAS) system, based on transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) within a magnetic field that combines a magneto-acoustic coupling effect electric field and the mechanical force of ultrasound, and applied it to test the above hypothesis in 5xFAD mice. Behavioral tests, in vivo electrophysiological recordings, Golgi–Cox staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting, RNA sequencing, and cerebral blood flow monitoring were used to assess whether TMAS can alleviate the symptoms of AD mouse model by activating Piezo1. TMAS treatment enhanced autophagy to promote the phagocytosis and degradation of β-amyloid through the activation of microglial Piezo1 and alleviated neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity impairment, and neural oscillation abnormalities in 5xFAD mice, showing a stronger effect than ultrasound. However, inhibition of Piezo1 with an antagonist, GsMTx-4, prevented these beneficial effects of TMAS. This research indicates that Piezo1 can transform TMAS-related mechanical and electrical stimuli into biochemical signals and identifies that the favorable effects of TMAS on synaptic plasticity in 5xFAD mice are mediated by Piezo1.
Gender determinism of the effect of placenta cryoextract on the hepatotropic effects of esomeprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole in chronic liver damage
Authors: Chyzh M. O. , Koshurba I. V. , Marchenko M. M. , Hladkykh F. V. , Belochkina I. V.
Published: April 2023

Current regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection include bismuth drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and a combination of 2–3 antibacterial drugs. Uncontrolled use of antibacterial agents as part of eradication schemes increases the risk of developing their unwanted drug reactions, in particular, hepatotoxicity. As a means with potentially hepatoprotective activity, our attention was drawn to placental cryoextract.
The purpose of the study. To characterize the gender aspects of the hepatotropic action of placenta cryoextract in tetrachloromethane hepatitis with background ethanol-induced cirrhosis and liver damage by antiulcer agents.
Materials and methods. Research was conducted on 112 male and female rats. Tetrachloromethane hepatitis with background ethanol-induced liver cirrhosis was reproduced by injecting an oil solution of CCl4 in combination with a 5.0% ethanol solution for 45 days. Modulation of the content of sex hormones was achieved by surgical ovariectomy or testectomy.
Results and discussion. Administration of esomeprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole in chronic liver damage in animals without changes in hormonal status led to a statistically significant (p=0.01) 27.6% increase in the level of bilirubin in homogenates of liver tissues in female rats (78.7±4.5 mmol/l) than in males. The greatest decrease in the content of bilirubin (41.7%, p<0.001) with the use of cryoextract of the placenta was noted in castrated female rats with simulated tetrachlormethone hepatitis with background ethanol-induced cirrhosis of the liver, which were injected with antiulcer agents.
Conclusions. Administration of cryoextract of the placenta has a pronounced hepatoprotective effect in animals of both sexes. In male rats with no change in hormonal status with simulated liver injury and the administration of antiulcer drugs, placenta cryoextract therapy was more effective than in female rats, as indicated by a more than 1.6-fold decrease in the content of bilirubin in the liver homogenates of male rats (43.1%, p<0.001) than in females (27.4%, p<0.01).
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TERHADAP KEJADIAN GIZI LEBIH PADA REMAJA DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Sellia Juwita  , Sara Herlina  , Siti Qomariah  , Wiwi Sartika
Published: April 2023

Gizi pada setiap jenjang kehidupan anak sangat  penting termasuk pada masa remaja, masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari anak-anak  menjadi orang dewasa. Remaja atau usia sekolah merupakan masa yang paling mudah mengalami masalah gizi karena pada masa tersebut merupakan masa peralihan dari anak kedewasa terlebih pada remaja perempuan, factor frekuensi makan, waktu makan yang tidak teratur, dan banyaknya jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi mengakibatkan adanya gangguan gizi pada remaja perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan remaja tentang gizi lebih terhadap kejadian gizi lebih pada remaja di Kota Pekanbaru. Metode penelitian menggunakan survey analitik pendekatan crossectional,  penelitian ini dilakukan secara daring di Kota Pekanbaru. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja  yang berada di Kota Pekanbaru dengan  teknik pengambilan sampel random sampling jumlah sampel sebanyak 335 orang. Hasil analisis univariat  diperoleh 181 orang (54%) memiliki pengetahuan baik dan sebanyak 154 orang (46%) memiliki pengetahuan kurang, dan hasil uji bivariat diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan pengetahuan remajatentang gizi lebih terhadap kejadian gizi lebih dengan nilai Pvalue < 0,05 (Pvalue 0,000). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan remaja tentang gizi lebih mempengaruhi kejadian gizi lebih pada remaja di Kota Pekanbaru.
Factores asociados a infección de sitio operatorio (ISO) en cirugía de fractura de cadera
Authors: Barrientos-Ramos Víctor Hugo
Published: April 2023

El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue describir los factores asociados a infección de sitio operatorio (ISO) en cirugía de fractura de cadera. El diseño del estudio fue observacional, retrospectivo y transversal. La población conformada por pacientes con intervención quirúrgica terapéutica tras el diagnóstico de Fractura de Cadera en el Hospital Regional de Ica, desde el 2015 al 2021. Se estudió 122 pacientes, solo 46 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Pacientes adultos mayores de ambos sexos con edad mayor igual a 50 años, con diagnóstico de Fractura de cadera tratados quirúrgicamente con osteosíntesis, artroplastia o enclavado endomedular. Se concluye que, la incidencia de ISO fue de 15.2% en cirugía de fractura de cadera en el adulto mayor. La desnutrición fue el factor asociado a ISO. La anemia (valor de la hemoglobina), tiene una potencia de predicción para ISO en cirugía de fractura de cadera en el adulto mayor..
Evaluasi CPPB IRT dan Penyusunan Rekomendasi HACCP pada UMKM Tempe a-Zaki di Bandar Lampung
Authors: Ulfa Masayu Nur , Wahyuningtyas Amalia , Marvie Ilham , Pangastuti Hesti Ayuningtyas
Published: April 2023

Tempeh is a fermented food composed primarily of soybeans that is a nutrient-dense, cost-effective, and sustainable functional source of protein. Tempeh production, especially in Indonesia, is done usually in household scale. For its development, the producers should be maintaining their product quality, especially in  food safety management such as good manufacturing pratices (GMP) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP). The objectives of this study was to identify the suitability of  GMP implementation and to compose HACCP plan. This study took place in a-Zaki tempeh household producer in Bandar Lampung. This study was conducted with descriptive quantitative approach. Primary data (observations and interviews) and secondary were collected as the information.. For GMP evaluation, the obtained data was compared with the regulation of food and drug regulatory agency. The result showed that a-zaki tempeh household producer were categorized into level III of IRTP due to 10 minors deviations, 3 major deviations, 4 serious deviations, and 0 critical deviations so that an internal audit needs to be held every 2 weeks. For HACCP, the producer had not yet designed and implemented HACCP plan.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Tema Selalu Berhemat Energi Bermuatan Sustainability Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep
Authors: Arlindra Rizma Saputri  , Siti Patonah  , Mudzanatun
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study was to test the effectiveness of the problem-based learning model with sustainability on the conceptual understanding of fourth grade students at SD Negeri 01 Protomulyo. The research carried out was of a quantitative type using an experimental method in the form of a One-Group Pretest – Posttest Design used in one group. The results obtained from the research show that student learning outcomes have increased compared to the results of the pretest and posttest, so that it can be concluded that the problem based learning model contains sustainability is effective on science learning outcomes for fourth grade students at SD N 01 Protomulyo. Based on the results of this study, suggestions can be given so that teachers can implement problem-based learning models with sustainability in order to create effective and enjoyable learning for students.
 
Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk menguji keefektifan model problem based learning bermuatan sustainability terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 01 Protomulyo. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan berjenis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen berbentuk One-Group Pretest–Posttest Design yang digunakan pada satu kelompok. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian menampilkan bahwasanya hasil belajar siswa meningkat dibandingkan hasil pretest dan posttest, sehingga dapat diambil simpulan bahwasanya model Problem Based Learning bermuatan sustainability efektif terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV SD N 01 Protomulyo. Berdasar hasil penelitian ini, dapat diberikan saran agar guru bisa mengimplementasikan model Problem Based Learning bermuatan sustainability agar tercipta pembelajaran efektif serta menyenangkan untuk siswa.
Penentuan Pusat Pelayanan Perkotaan Patalassang, Kabupaten Takalar
Authors: Hidayat Arief , Hijriah  , Setiowati Noni Oktiana
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pusat pelayanan perkotaan pada wilayah Kota Patalasang, Kabupaten Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan 3 (tiga) pendekatan analisis yaitu Zipf Law, Indeks Sentralitas dan Kernel Density. Ketiga analisis ini memiliki perbedaan yang sangat mendasar yaitu terkait data yang digunakan. Zipf Law analisis menggunakan data penduduk dalam penentuan orde kota. Analisis indeks sentralitas menggunakan data jumlah fasilitas dalam perkotaan. Sedangkan pada analisis kernel density, komponen yang digunakan adalah kepadatan bangunan atau kepadatan lahan menggunakan analisis GIS. Ketiga analisis ini memiliki hasil yang berbeda sehingga dalam menentukan pusat pelayanan perkotaan di Kota Patalasang, dengan menjumlahkan hasil dari ketiga analisis tersebut. Kelurahan Kalabirang di Kota Patalasang, Kabupaten Takalar terpilih sebagai orde kota pertama yang dapat disimpulkan sebagai pusat pelayanan kota secara keseluruhan.
Taboo Language as a Means of the Category of Impoliteness
in the English Language
Authors: Belyutina Yulia
Published: April 2023

The article considers means of the linguistic category of impoliteness, and the research is based on the pragmatic approach in linguistics. Impoliteness is associated with the so-called communicative sabotage, behavior violating communicative norms. To interpret the speaker’s verbal behavior one should judge not only by the wording, but take into consideration the communicative situation, which, in some cases, is of paramount importance. In the research, impoliteness

is understood as a language used to offend or / and is perceived as offensive. But the analysis touches upon the instances with marked vocabulary, which cause damage to the addressee. All the tabooed words in English are classified into four big semantic groups. The first group includes the semes related to the Christian

religion that used to be associated with blasphemy but now have lost their initial capacity, especially among teenagers. The second group embraces roots with the meaning ‘sexual relations,’ ‘excretion’ but nowadays they lack their original status in most contexts and mostly perform the function of catharsis. The third group is mentioned as zoovocatives and, according to the research, are used to diminish the addressee’s importance, to rise in the estimation of the public. The last group comprises the words with the seme ‘blood’ which no longer refers to Jesus’s blood and has undergone desemantization. It mostly performs expletive function – emphasizes the speaker’s negative emotions.
Labor Use of Polish Prisoners of War in the Camps of Central Russia,
1920–1921
Authors: Rodionov Ivan
Published: April 2023

Based on the materials of the federal and regional archives of Central Russia, the article analyzes the practice of labor use of prisoners of war of the Polish-Soviet War in the camps of Central Russia in 1920–1921. The author examined the regulatory framework for the labor use of prisoners of war of the Polish army. The study showed the professional composition of Polish prisoners of war, as well as their level of education. In fact, Polish prisoners of war were a large group of educated special-

ists whose work was used in various fields. The regions also requested the necessary number of Polish prisoners of war for certain labor tasks, partially covering the shortage of labor. An attempt to organize labor squads from captured Poles is considered. But, labor squads were formed in Moscow and in those provinces where there was a high concentration of prisoners of war of the Polish army. In the rest, for the most part, labor unions were never formed. With the beginning of the repatriation of Polish prisoners of war, they began to gradually remove from work and look for a replacement for them. Before repatriation, prisoners of war submitted applications

to the sub-departments of forced labor to issue them salaries, funds earned from forced labor, which they were supposed to receive on the day of departure to their homeland. The labor of Polish prisoners of war was paid at local rates, and they

were equated with Red Army soldiers in terms of supply.
The Image of King in «Norna-gests þáttr»:
the Epic Chieftain and the King from Chronicles
Authors: Malkova Anna
Published: April 2023

The article deals with specific qualities of designing the image of the king Olav Tryggvason into narrative space of the «Norna-gests þáttr», which was written at the end of XIV c. and included into «Olafs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta». The main specific of this kind of narrative consists in the fact, that epic heroes are

near to historical persons.

The basement of the research is the interpretative and comparative textual approaches. It is also guided by the research of E.A. Gurevich, who translated and commented the text of the «Norna-gests þáttr», having devoted several scientific articles to it. The recieved results show that the formation of the image of the ruler in the text of the strand is carried out through building a common space of cultural memory for epic heroes and historical figures and comparing their actions and achievements.
Impact of School Chair on Left-Handed Students
Authors: Nurwulan Nurul Retno
Published: April 2023

Left-handed students find it challenging to do learning activities at school since the chair are made for those who are right-handed. They must change their posture, bending their neck and lower back, in order to reach the table that is located on the right side of the chair. Consequently, left-handed students may develop musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) as a result of prolonged awkward posture in the classroom. This study sought to assess the effect of school chairs on the risk of MSDs in left-handed students. The possibility of reducing the discomfort by providing left-handed students with the appropriate chair was also examined. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaires (NMQ) was administered to a total of 14 left-handed students to identify their discomfort related to the chair they use in the classroom. The potential benefit of the proper chair was evaluated by measuring the deviation of the neck and low back from the upright sitting position. The finding of this study showed that a proper chair for left-handed students helps students sit straight without the need for bending their neck and low back. Modifying the chair to reduce the risk of MSDs is crucial, regardless of students’ handedness.
PREDICTION OF PREECLAMPSIA BY UTERINE ARTERY DOPPLER
Authors: R Anusha. , G O Ravikanth , Jagannath Doppa Geeta
Published: April 2023

Objective: To evaluate the role of mean pulsatility index by rst trimester uterine artery doppler in prediction of
preeclampsia. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary c Methodology: are center. Of 200 women
screened, 136 women met eligible criteria and 130 consented for participation in the study. In addition to nuchal translucency and crown-rump
length, mean uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) was measured at 11–13+6 weeks, and women were followed up till delivery to observe the
development of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Categorical variables were analyzed using ROC
curve, and P≤0.05 (5%) was used to calculate signicance. Among 130 women followed t Results: ill delivery, 9 (6.92%) had mean PI >95% and
121 (93.08%) had normal Doppler. A signicantly higher number of women with PI ≥95% had preeclampsia (55.55%) (p < 0.001), and the
sensitivity of PI in prediction of preeclampsia was 55.55% with specicity of 98.80%. No association was found between PI and FGR (p = 0.228).
Conclusion: This study showed a positive association with the development of preeclampsia . The predictive accuracy of rst trimester uterine
artery Doppler using PI with cutoff of >95% has low sensitivity in prediction of preeclampsia (55.55%) but it has high specicity(98.80%) for
prediction of PE(Preeclampsia).
THE ROLE OF BILIRUBIN AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PERFORATION OF THE APPENDIX.
Authors: Krishna Kodela Hari , Indira Varalakshmi S , Kumar Adapakala Gagan
Published: April 2023

Appendicitis is the most typical cause of an acute abdomen. Clinical
history and physical examination are used to make the diagnosis of
acute appendicitis. Abdominal ultrasonography is frequently used to
diagnose appendicitis. To reach the diagnosis, numerous grading
systems were devised. These rating scales are based on clinical
characteristics and lab tests. Alvarado, Modied Alvarado, and
RIPASA are a few examples. There is still no conclusive laboratory test
for the diagnosis of appendicular perforation. Few studies have shown
that appendicular perforation is associated with elevated serum
bilirubin, but their signicance has not been emphasized. The current
study aims to evaluate the link between bilirubin levels and its validity
as a predictive marker for the diagnosis of appendicular perforation in
light of the aforementioned context
HYPOVITAMINOSIS D EXACERBATES TYPE 2 DIABETIC COMORBIDITIES
Authors: Singh Dhakad Gajendra , Kunjunni Remesh , Mishra Arun
Published: April 2023

Vitamin D deciency is one of the prominent nutritional deciencies in India that needs special attention. The effects of
hypovitaminosis D on skeletal and cardiovascular functions are well known. However, its effect on metabolic disorders
like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still left unexplored. In the present study, our primary aim is to nd out the potential effect of
hypovitaminosis D in T2DM patients. The study was conducted on 250 T2DM patients mainly from Madhya Pradesh, India. Among them, 125
had hypovitaminosis D (case group) and were compared against the control group of 125 patients with normal serum vitamin D. We were mainly
investigating the major T2DM-related complications including chronic kidney disease (CKD), coronary heart disease (CHD and recurrent
infections. Major organ functions including liver, kidney, and cardiac functions were affected by hypovitaminosis D in T2DM patients when
compared to control counterparts. We also noticed an association between hypovitaminosis D and the exacerbation of T2DM comorbidities. Our
ndings show the importance of maintaining normal serum vitamin D levels in T2DM patients to avoid further complications.
HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMORS FROM A SECONDARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Marachapu Jahnavi
Published: April 2023

Background The peripheral nervous system tumours exhibit a diverse range of morphological characteristics and
biological behaviour, ranging from benign to locally aggressive such as plexiform neurobroma to highly malignant
(MPNST) Aims and Objectives This study aims to examine the morphological variations of PNST and investigate the accompanying
degenerative changes. The study also aims to determine the relative incidence of benign, locally aggressive, and malignant tumours, including
their location, age of presentation, and gender distribution. Materials and Methods This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology,
ESIC Hospital, from January 2020 to December 2022. It includes 29 cases presented and diagnosed at our institute on both clinical and
pathological basis. The slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin were evaluated, and the lesions were categorized and classied following the
World Health Organization's 2020 classication of soft tissue and bone tumours. The tumours were also assessed for secondary degenerative
changes. Results Out of 29 cases, 28 were benign, and only one case (%) was malignant in nature. The commonest age group was 14-62 years,
Male and female ratio being 1.64:1. Our study comprised 29 cases of PNST. The age range with the highest frequency of occurrence was found
to be 21 to 30 years, with the head and neck region being the most commonly affected site. The peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNSTs)
analyzed in the study included neurobroma (62.07%), schwannoma (31.03%), and malignant PNST (6.90%). Approximately 10% of
neurobromas met the criteria for neurobromatosis type 1 (NF1). Malignant tumours were larger in dimension than benign ones. Myxoid,
cystic, and hyaline changes were commonly associated with benign tumours, while necrosis, haemorrhage, and mitotic activity were seen with
malignant tumours. Conclusion This study emphasizes the different pathological forms of PNST and the morphological modications and
association with NF1. Familiarity with the various forms of PNST is crucial for precise diagnosis due to their varying biological characteristics
Preliminary Analysis of Daily Rainfall Data from Kano State using Statistical Techniques
Authors: Thompson S. , Sanni I.M. , Abubakar U.A. , Sani B.S.
Published: April 2023

A 35-year annual rainfall was collected from NIMET to determine the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and also to study the trend of rainfall parameter in the Kano State, Northern Nigeria. The paper captures the average rainfall (normal rainfall) data for thirty-five years period which implies a rainfall of about 1081.56mm. The positive values (above zero) signify rainfalls that were higher than normal (wet); while the negative values (below zero) imply rainfalls that were lower than normal (dry). From the rainfall anomaly, 18 years (52.9%) recorded wet due to the fact that rainfall occurred in those years were greater than the normal rainfall of 1081.56; while 16 years (47.1%) recorded dry because the rainfalls that occurred in those years were below normal rainfall. In the study, Weilbul method was used to determine the return period in order to predict the year of occurrence of maximum rainfall. In addition, Standard Precipitation Index was used to determine periods of dry, normal or wet temperatures. September 1991 recorded the minimum SPI value of -0.86 (moderately dry), while October 2011 recorded the maximum SPI value of 1.88 (moderately wet). This study is carried out because of the importance of agriculture in the region and to Nigeria at large. Kano state is well known to support food production in the country. Also, the presence of dams further buttresses this study. Dams have many purposes; one is agriculture during dry and wet season. It is observed that the rainfall in the basin has no definite pattern.
Effect of Administration of Subanaesthetic Doses of N-Methyl-D-aspartate Antagonist (ketamine) in Rats’ Perception, Cognition, and Motor Response
Authors: Ajah Austin A. , Egbono Frank F.
Published: April 2023

Ketamine, an N-methyl –D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, has been abused as a recreational drug due to its euphoric, dissociative, and hallucinogenic characteristics. Series of studies have been carried out on the effect of ketamine on cognition and memory. However, there is dearth literature on the activities of ketamine as a recreational drug of abuse; its effect on motor response in association with cognitive behaviours in Wistar rat models. Hence, this study is necessary to investigate the effects of chronic administration of sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine on perceptual, cognitive, and motor responses in Wistar rats. 25 Wistar rats (160-180 kg) were randomly selected into five groups and treated for three weeks thus: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (0.2 mL Ketamin-i.p), Group 3 (0.4 mL Ketamin-i.p), Group 4 (0.6 mL Ketamin-i.p) Group 5 (0.5 mL Cerebrex-orally). Neurobehavioral (Barnes, rotarod, and handgrip) activities exhibited by the various groups were recorded and analyzed using ANOVA. In the Barnes maze test, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in escape time from weeks 1, 2 and 3 in groups 2, 3 and 4 when compared to control. In week 2 and 3 of the handgrip test, animals in group 4 had a significant improvement (p<0.05) in grip strength when compared to control. In weeks 1 and 2 of the rotarod test, groups 2 and 4 animals respectively, showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in balance compared to control. Sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine inhibited cognitive function but not motor responses in Wistar rats.
CONTROL OF SILKWORM GENDER AND CHANGE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF HYBRID GENERATION F1
Authors:   Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Ecology and Prevention of Silkworm Chemical Intoxication  Research Institute of Sericulture, Nasirillaev B. U. , Jumaniyazov M. Sh. ,   PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Silkworm Breeding   Research Institute of Sericulture, Khalilova M. F. ,   PhD student  Tashkent State Agrarian University
Published: April 2023

The article outlines the analysis results of technological indicators of lines and industrial hybrids of silkworm that are marked by gender. In 8 hybrid combinations, the influence of translocation was fully studied on raw silk yield, the total length of cocoon thread and metric number, as well as, on other indicators in hybrid combinations through which gender is controlled. According to the results of the research, the total length of thread constituted 1387-1858 m, while in control hybrids this indication was 1562 m and 1325 m relatively. A metric number of threads, which has an important significance, constituted 3195-3690 m/g. In comparison with foreign hybrids, the conformity of technological indicators of new hybrids is found to comply with the requirements of cocoon-processing enterprises. The creation and introduction of new hybrid combinations of
TOPICAL ISSUES OF DEVELOPING THE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Senior Researcher   Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ayubdjanov A. A.
Published: April 2023

The study analyzes the role of inclusive institutions in the long-term and high-quality growth of the economy. A comparative cross-country analysis has revealed a number of main reasons why the institutional environment in Uzbekistan, the quality of its growth lags behind not only developed countries but also countries with transition economies, especially in terms of guaranteeing property rights, reducing corruption and increasing the efficiency of the state apparatus. The study describes the priority methods of institutional reforms in foreign countries, as well as the main aspects of the strategy for the formation of an inclusive institutional environment. It is worth noting that changes are adopted in accordance with national conditions. Practical measures to develop an inclusive institutional environment in the country, which are based on accumulated international experience, have been proposed.
THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL RAW MATERIALS FOR ENERGY RESOURCES PRODUCTION
Authors:   PhD in Economics, Academician of International Academy of Sciences of the Ecology, Human and Nature Safety, Head of the Center   Center for Innovation and Propagation of Renewable Energy, SDPU “Adolat”, Shadimetov K.
Published: April 2023

The article reviews the ways of improving economic sustainability by means of growing bio-raw materials for the production of energy resources. Biogas and its derivative – biomethane, are considered the most promising in terms of the efficient use of various types of biofuels (bioethanol, rapeseed oil, methyl esters of vegetable oils, biogas or biomethane) per unit area. The production of gaseous biofuels will replace fossil non-renewable energy resources and reduce the production costs of agricultural items. It is worth noting that animal waste and plant raw materials are effectively used in biogas complexes.
EXPERT COMMENTS ON THE DRAFT LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN «ON REGULATORY LEGAL ACTS» (NEW EDITION)
Authors:   Doctor of Law, Professor, Head of the Center   Center for International Legal Studies and Comparative Public Law University of World Economy and Diplomacy, Khamedov I. A.
Published: April 2023

The article provides comments, conclusions and suggestions on the results of the scientific examination of the draft law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On regulatory legal acts» in the new edition; its advantages, omissions and shortcomings are noted. The article substantiates that the draft law expands the subject of regulation, paying considerable attention to the rulemaking procedure, and increasing the complexity of the legislative task. However, the author believes that the subject of legislative regulation should be more clearly defined in the draft law.
ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: COVID-19 INFECTION
Authors:   Doctor оf Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology  Tashkent Institute for Post-Graduate Medical Education, Mavlyanov I. R. , Mavlyanov Z. I. ,   Doctor оf Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacology  Tashkent Institute for Post-Graduate Medical Education, Ashirmetov A. Kh. ,   Doctor оf Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Leading Specialist  Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

The pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 infection, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, has posed a significant threat to global health. We are now witnessing an unsurpassed increase in the number of clinical trials worldwide. Old and new drugs are tested in clinical trials as potential treatments either for their direct anti-viral activity or for their ability to induce effects on respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms and complications specific to Corona Virus. Despite the law trends of Corona Virus, large-scale studies have not proven significant effectiveness in the clinical treatment of patients with coronavirus 2019. Such a strategy is likely to give rise to a range of safety and efficacy challenges that could be addressed through preliminary pharmaco-genetic studies to identify the risk groups for personification of therapy approach. Addressing the personification of drug treatment Corona Virus Disease 2019 becomes an urgent need to interpret the conflicting results of clinical trials and establish the apparent efficacy of any particular drug.