bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation, genotype × environment interaction, and correlation among drought tolerance indices in cowpea
Authors: AJAYİ Abiola
Published: March 2024

Drought tolerance indices serve as valuable indicators for selecting cowpea genotypes with improved drought tolerance. However, there is a limited understanding of the variability and the impact of genotype (G) × environment (E) interaction (I) on these drought tolerance indices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the extent of genetic variability and the influence of GEI on drought tolerance indices in cowpea. The experiment was conducted over two seasons under controlled conditions in a screen house. The results revealed that seed yield and all drought tolerance indices were significantly influenced by genotype, environment, and GEI. When the data from both years were combined, the yield under non-stress conditions ranged from 10.47 g in G2 to 17.27 g in G7, while under drought stress, it ranged from 2.19 g in G3 to 6.89 g in G1. Through mean rank analysis, principal component (PC) analysis, and clustering, highly tolerant accessions (G1 and G6) and highly susceptible ones (G2, G3, and G8) were identified. This study identified several indices, including geometric mean (GM), yield index (YI), mean productivity (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), modified stress tolerance index for non-stress (MST1), and stress (MST2), GMP, and HM, as effective in selecting high-yielding and drought-tolerant accessions under non-stress and drought conditions. Additionally, the drought resistance index (DRI) and yield stability index (YSI) were found to be reliable indicators under drought stress. Most of the indices exhibited moderate (≥ 30%) to high heritability (≥ 60%) and high genetic advance (≥ 20%), except for MST2, which had low heritability (12.73%).
Literature and Class
Authors: Nilsson Magnus
Published: March 2024

Working-class literature has, at least since the 1930s, constituted a central strand in Swedish literature. Literature and class analyzes the aesthetical-political strategies for criticizing class and class injustice
deployed in modern Swedish working-class literature, thereby contributing to the theoretical understanding of the relationship between literature and class, and to the development of a Marxist literary theory capable
of combining literary analysis with political intervention. After introducing a framework for conceptualizing the relationship between literature and class, which draws on contemporary anti-essentialist and dialectical
Marxist theory, and giving a brief presentation of the tradition of Swedish working-class literature, Literature and Class analyzes the representation of class and class injustice in works by modern Swedish working-class
writers such as Folke Fridell, Göran Palm, and Kristian Lundberg. In order to highlight the specificity of their aesthetical-political strategies, these are compared with those developed by West-German working-class
writers such as Max von der Grün and Günter Wallraff. Finally, the claim is made that Swedish working-class literature, because of its ability to rethink the phenomena of class and class injustice, constitutes an
avant-garde in contemporary class politics.
Awareness and Practice on Road Safety among Adults in Selected Area of Jalandhar Cantt, Punjab
Authors: Sharma Priya , Kalsi Apsra , Masih Sandhya , Sharan Kalindi
Published: March 2024

It has been estimated that one million death and 15 million road side accident occur on the road worldwide. Globally road side accidents are the 7th leading cause of death in all age groups. In India we have 1% of the world vehicle population, but 6% of the world accidents 1. The aim of the study is to assess the awareness and practice on road safety among adults in in selected area of Jalandhar Cantt, Punjab. A total of 108 samples were selected for the study and samples were the adults with in the age group of 18-60 years. The major findings of the study were as follows:

The study analysis showed that majority (69%) of the samples were males and 60% belonged to the group of 18-30 years of age. 15% of samples were drivers by profession, 63.8% had a valid driving license. Majority of samples, (83.2%) had good awareness on road safety and 94% of samples had good practice on pedestrian road safety. The study showed that there was a low positive and significant correlation between awareness and practice among pedestrians (n=400) as the p value is .001 and spearman’s rho value is 0.269. And there was a low and significant correlation between awareness and practice of drivers the p value is .001 and spearman’s rho value for 0.322.
SMC-Last Extracted Photometry
Authors: Kuchar T. A. , Sloan G. C. , Mizuno D. R. , Kraemer Kathleen E. , Boyer M. L. , Groenewegen Martin A. T. , Jones O. C. , Kemper F. , McDonald Iain , Oliveira Joana M. , Sewiło Marta , Srinivasan Sundar , van Loon Jacco Th. , Zijlstra Albert
Published: March 2024

We present point-source photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope's final survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We mapped nearly 30 deg2 in two epochs in 2017, with the second extending to early 2018 at 3.6 and 4.5 μm using the Infrared Array Camera. This survey duplicates the footprint from the SAGE-SMC program in 2008. Together, these surveys cover a nearly 10 yr temporal baseline in the SMC. We performed aperture photometry on the mosaicked maps produced from the new data. We did not use any prior catalogs as inputs for the extractor in order to be sensitive to any moving objects (e.g., foreground brown dwarfs) and other transient phenomena (e.g., cataclysmic variables or FU Ori–type eruptions). We produced a point-source catalog with high-confidence sources for each epoch as well as a combined-epoch catalog. For each epoch and the combined-epoch data, we also produced a more complete archive with lower-confidence sources. All of these data products will be made available to the community at the Infrared Science Archive.
Extending a Physics-informed Machine-learning Network for Superresolution Studies of Rayleigh–Bénard Convection
Authors: Salim Diane M. , Burkhart Blakesley , Sondak David
Published: March 2024

Advancing our understanding of astrophysical turbulence is bottlenecked by the limited resolution of numerical simulations that may not fully sample scales in the inertial range. Machine-learning (ML) techniques have demonstrated promise in upscaling resolution in both image analysis and numerical simulations (i.e., superresolution). Here we employ and further develop a physics-constrained convolutional neural network ML model called “MeshFreeFlowNet” (MFFN) for superresolution studies of turbulent systems. The model is trained on both the simulation images and the evaluated partial differential equations (PDEs), making it sensitive to the underlying physics of a particular fluid system. We develop a framework for 2D turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection generated with the Dedalus code by modifying the MFFN architecture to include the full set of simulation PDEs and the boundary conditions. Our training set includes fully developed turbulence sampling Rayleigh numbers (Ra) of Ra = 106–1010. We evaluate the success of the learned simulations by comparing the power spectra of the direct Dedalus simulation to the predicted model output and compare both ground-truth and predicted power spectral inertial range scalings to theoretical predictions. We find that the updated network performs well at all Ra studied here in recovering large-scale information, including the inertial range slopes. The superresolution prediction is overly dissipative at smaller scales than that of the inertial range in all cases, but the smaller scales are better recovered in more turbulent than laminar regimes. This is likely because more turbulent systems have a rich variety of structures at many length scales compared to laminar flows.
Pulse Jitter and Single-pulse Variability in Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Wang S. Q. , Wang N. , Wang J. B. , Hobbs G. , Xu H. , Wang B. J. , Dai S. , Dang S. J. , Li D. , Feng Y. , Zhang C. M.
Published: March 2024

Understanding the jitter noise resulting from single-pulse phase and shape variations is important for the detection of gravitational waves using pulsar timing arrays. We present measurements of the jitter noise and single-pulse variability of 12 millisecond pulsars that are part of the International Pulsar Timing Array sample using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. We find that the levels of jitter noise can vary dramatically among pulsars. A moderate correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.57 between jitter noise and pulse width is detected. To mitigate jitter noise, we perform matrix template matching using all four Stokes parameters. Our results reveal a reduction in jitter noise ranging from 6.7% to 39.6%. By performing longitude-resolved fluctuation spectrum analysis, we identify periodic intensity modulations in 10 pulsars. In PSR J0030+0451, we detect single pulses with energies more than 10 times the average pulse energy, suggesting the presence of giant pulses. We also observe a periodic mode-changing phenomenon in PSR J0030+0451. We examine the achievable timing precision by selecting a subset of pulses with a specific range of peak intensity, but no significant improvement in timing precision is achievable.
Mosquito аbundance and species surveillance in St. Joseph County, Indiana, 1976-1997
Authors: D'Antuono Carmela , Anderson Kayla , Afuso Joseph , Robichaud Jennifer , Rund Samuel
Published: March 2024

Approximately twenty-one years of historical mosquito abundance and species surveillance data, collected by the University of Notre Dame and the St. Joseph County (IN) Health Department, from 1976 to 1997 are made available. St. Joseph County is a county in Indiana, located on the Michigan-Indiana border, 35 miles from Lake Michigan.

The collected data will allow for trends in species to be followed over a wide time range and facilitate further research regarding mosquito borne diseases, species distribution, and ecological changes over time.
Integrative taxonomy of Cercomacroides serva (Sclater, 1858) demonstrates the validity of C. hypomelaena (Sclater, 1890) comb. nov. (Aves: Thamnophilidae)
Authors: Cavarzere Vagner , Silveira Luís F.
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cercomacroides serva is widely distributed in northern South America. However, this species has never been thoroughly evaluated taxonomically. We conducted a taxonomic study of three taxa currently classified under Cercomacroides serva, based on a study of 307 skins and 145 recordings of male loudsongs. Females from the northwest Amazonian population differ qualitatively from populations from the southwest Amazon in the coloration of the upperparts, primary, and tail. Male loudsongs are superficially similar between these two populations, but the shape of the notes differs significantly. There is no evidence of intergradation or clinal variation in female plumage or male loudsongs. Based on differences in plumage coloration, loudsongs, and lack of evidence of intergradation, we suggest that two species are best recognized. The name Cercomacroides serva is here restricted to populations north of the Marañon River in Peru, to the north in Ecuador, and in southwestern Colombia. The name Cercomacroides hypomelaenacomb. nov. is revived. This species is found south of the Marañon River, and on both banks of the Ucayali River in Peru, to the eastern left bank of the Madeira River in Brazil, and in northern Bolivia.
Face à l’AfD : la permanence d’une logique d’exclusion ?
Authors: Laumond Bénédicte
Published: March 2024

Cet article s’intéresse aux réactions de la classe politique allemande face au parti radical de droite Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) et revient sur le défi politique qui se présente à eux. Comment appréhender un parti politique, certes radical mais qui ne se présente pas comme ouvertement antidémocratique, et dont la popularité et l’implantation locale sont fortes ? Nous soutenons deux thèses. Premièrement, la démocratie allemande reste fidèle à son héritage militant puisque l’AfD est quasi systématiquement ostracisée par ses concurrents politiques. Les tentatives de normalisation des rapports avec les représentants de l’AfD sont peu nombreuses et se limitent à renoncer à l’ostracisme public de l’AfD, c’est-à-dire refuser de débattre avec les représentants de ce parti. Les autres formes de coopération font l’objet d’un rejet massif. Deuxièmement, le cas allemand se distingue par de fortes mobilisations de la société civile qui pèsent dans le choix des stratégies des acteurs politiques contre l’AfD. L’analyse présentée dans cet article repose sur l’utilisation d’une base de données composée d’un échantillon d’initiatives formulées par les acteurs politiques allemands afin de contrer l’AfD entre 2013 et 2021. Elle est complétée par une série d’entretiens semi-directifs menés avec des militants et élus de l’Union Chrétienne-Sociale (CSU) en 2022.
Mort d’un provocateur. Martin Walser (1927-2023)
Authors: Tambarin Marcel
Published: March 2024

Le décès de Martin Walser a été l’occasion de rappeler que cet écrivain a aussi marqué son époque par ses interventions provocatrices, en particulier avec le discours de 1998 à l’église Saint-Paul de Francfort, dans lequel il remettait en question la confrontation avec le passé nazi. Walser était en effet coutumier des interventions dans l’espace public, et sa propension à la provocation l’a souvent poussé à prendre position sur des sujets très divers, le plus souvent pour s’opposer à une forme de pouvoir, politique, économique ou idéologique, et en particulier contre tout ce qui pouvait le brider personnellement, comme la critique littéraire ou le discours dit politiquement correct. Les débats qu’il a déclenchés dépassent toutefois sa personne, et dans le cas de la question mémorielle sa provocation polémique a permis à des opinions jusque-là latentes d’être débattues publiquement et de concourir à la redéfinition du consensus mémoriel.
Murray Rothbard, le théoricien
Authors: Godin Romaric
Published: March 2024

Référence du nouveau président argentin Javier Milei, Murray Rothbard a, dans une œuvre foisonnante, défendu une vision radicale d’une société capitaliste sans État. Contestée dans le camp libertarien lui-même, sa pensée est devenue un terreau pour l’extrême droite contemporaine, qui se cherche un vernis révolutionnaire. Car derrière l’héritage « anarchiste », l’économiste étatsunien assume une référence à des temps anciens fantasmés, fondés sur l’inégalité, la discrimination et la toute-puissance des mieux établis. Quand la propriété individuelle est le premier et le plus sacré de tous les droits, difficile d’imaginer un véritable renversement de l’ordre établi, tandis qu’une exacerbation des violences économiques semble plus que probable… ce que les Argentins et Argentines ne contrediront malheureusement pas.
An Evidence-Based Approach to Constructing Multiple-Choice Test Questions for Knowledge Assessment
Authors: Schneid Stephen D. , Makhija Hirsh , Mandel Jess , Kalinowski Amy , Davidson Judy E.
Published: March 2024

Background:

This article provides nursing educators practical tips and evidence-based strategies for effective construction of multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Well-designed MCQs that align with the intended learning objectives are critical for implementing sound assessment practices.

Method:

This article offers a step-by-step approach to test construction, starting with the assessment blueprint and followed by important considerations when writing the specific components of the MCQ.

Results:

Appropriate inclusion of clinical context in the MCQ and a description of common flaws to avoid, with suggested remedies, are also addressed.

Conclusion:

Ultimately, the goal of this article is to equip nurse educators with the foundational tools to create high-quality MCQs that effectively assess knowledge acquisition by learners.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(6):289–296.]
Site of Service Disparities Exist for Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Truong Nicole M. , Leversedge Chelsea V. , Zhuang Thompson , Shapiro Lauren M. , Whittaker Mathew J. , Kamal Robin N.
Published: March 2024

This article has been amended to include a factual correction. An error was identified subsequent to its original publication. This error was acknowledged on page 331, volume 47, issue 6. The online article and its erratum are considered the version of record.

Background:

The rate of outpatient total joint arthroplasty procedures, including those performed at ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) and hospital outpatient departments, is increasing. The purpose of this study was to analyze if type of insurance is associated with site of service (in-patient vs outpatient) for total joint arthroplasty and adverse outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

We identified patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), or total hip arthroplasty (THA) using
Current Procedural Terminology
codes in a national administrative claims database. Eligible patients were stratified by type of insurance (Medicaid, Medicare, private). The primary outcome was site of service. Secondary outcomes included general complications, procedural complications, and revision procedures. We evaluated the associations using adjusted multivariable logistic regression models.

Results:

We identified 951,568 patients for analysis; 46,703 (4.9%) patients underwent UKA, 607,221 (63.8%) underwent TKA, and 297,644 (31.3%) underwent THA. Overall, 9.6% of procedures were outpatient. Patients with Medicaid were less likely than privately insured patients to receive outpatient UKA or THA (UKA: odds ratio [OR], 0.729 [95% CI, 0.640–0.829]; THA: OR, 0.625 [95% CI, 0.557–0.702]) but more likely than patients with Medicare to receive outpatient TKA or THA (TKA: OR, 1.391 [95% CI, 1.315–1.472]; THA: OR, 1.327 [95% CI, 1.166–1.506]). Patients with Medicaid were more likely to experience complications and revision procedures.

Conclusion:

Differences in site of service and complication rates following hip and knee arthroplasty exist based on type of insurance, suggesting a disparity in care. Further exploration of drivers of this disparity is warranted and can inform interventions (eg, progressive value-based payments) to support equity in orthopedic services. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(3):179–184.]
Photorefractive Keratectomy in Student Naval Aviators: Outcomes of the U.S. Navy Accessioning Study
Authors: Schallhorn Steven C. , Brown Mitchell C. , Tanzer David J.
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

To present the outcomes of the U.S. Navy photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) accessioning study conducted between 2000 and 2005 that helped lead to the acceptance of laser vision correction within the U.S. aviation industry.

Methods:

In this prospective masked study, a total of 301 students who had PRK and underwent naval flight training were compared to 4,368 untreated peers. Three training pipelines were compared: propeller/jet transport, jet fighters, and helicopters. The evaluated metrics were flight and academic performance (assessed for the primary and advanced stage of the training as normalized Navy Standard Score [NSS]), as well as the student attrition rate from training.

Results:

The attrition rate was lower in the PRK group compared to controls (15.9% vs 23.2%;
P
= .004). In the primary stage of training, students who had PRK outperformed controls in flight training performance in the propeller/jet transport pipeline (average NSS after PRK: 52.4 ± 7.5 vs controls: 50.7 ± 6.4,
P
= .02), but the flight performance in the jet fighter and helicopter pipelines was comparable between the two groups. Academic performance in the primary stage of training was approximately 7% to 13% higher in students who had PRK for all training pipelines. During the advanced training stage, there was no difference in the flight performance between the groups in any of the presented pipelines. Academic performance was significantly better for students who had PRK in the helicopter pipeline (51.2 ± 11.0 vs 46.7 ± 11.7
P
< .001) but comparable between the two groups in the remaining pipelines.

Conclusions:

Refractive surgery did not have adverse effects on flight performance metrics. Pilots who had PRK had comparable or better outcomes than their untreated peers.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024:40(3):e173–e181.]
Guatemala : un nouveau président devant les blocages historiques du peuple Maya
Authors: Hickey Daniel
Published: March 2024

Est-ce que l’arrivée de Bernardo Arévalo comme président de Guatemala va ouvrir la porte à une certaine reconnaissance de la place des Mayas et des autres peuples indigènes dans l’avenir politique et économique du pays? Cet article montre que depuis le milieu du 20e siècle les Mayas ont entamé plusieurs démarches pour mieux organiser leur peuple et pour présenter leurs demandes aux gouvernements successives. Mais, tous ces démanches ont été bloqués régulièrement par l’oligarchie néolibéral qui contrôle les institutions du pays. Est-ce que Arévalo peut faire mieux?
Hacia una historia de las relaciones intelectuales y políticas entre Argelia y Argentina, ¿sólo “orientalismo periférico”?
Authors: De la Llosa Alvar
Published: March 2024

We show how Hispanic culture was imbued with a privileged relationship with that of the Muslim world. We try to understand the need for the Orient and how Latin American travelers, dependent on their European readings, proposed an outlook that was not very innovative until the political relations of the 1950s. The case of Sarmiento is emblematic of the search for a model of political-military action transferable to Argentina.
A Thousand and One Laylas: The Politics of Narrative Embedding in Laila Neffa’s Ais
Authors: Huang Minying
Published: March 2024

In Montevideo in 1951, the Uruguayan-born Lebanese poet and translator Laila Neffa published the poetry collection Ais. Framed within the semi-historical legendary story of Layla al-ʿAmiriya and Qays ibn al-Mulawwah, two seventh-century Bedouin poets whose forbidden love resulted in madness and death, this was Neffa’s elegiac homage to her brother Ais, who passed away in adolescence. This article reads Ais as a re-appropriation of Jorge Luis Borges’ literary sleight-of-hand, involving mise en abyme, enacted by the Argentine author on the Arabian Nights in his 1949 essay “Magias parciales del Quijote”. I propose that Neffa’s re-appropriative act facilitates a “speaking back to” and an “opening up” of a varied selection of Arab, Arabo-Persian, and Euro- and Spanish-American discursive traditions. These negotiations, translations, and transformations of tradition, I argue, set in motion a recovery of self and others, of Laila and Laylas, in the wake of personal and collective trauma.
Échanges, transferts et intericonicité entre « Ancien » et « Nouveau Monde » Les peintres voyageurs européens au Brésil (1810-1880)
Authors: Magnin Lucile
Published: March 2024

Cet article analyse les œuvres de quelques peintres voyageurs partis au Brésil au XIXe siècle : Thomas Ender, Emil Bauch, Johann Moritz Rugendas, le comte de Clarac, Nicolas-Antoine Taunay, Joseph Leone Righini et Henri-Nicolas Vinet. Il est connu que, pour peindre leurs paysages brésiliens, ces peintres s’inspiraient des théories sur la représentation de la nature de Alexandre de Humboldt et reprenaient les codes de la peinture de paysage du XVIIe siècle (notamment des œuvres du Lorrain), mais cet article entend montrer qu’ils s’inspiraient aussi probablement, consciemment ou inconsciemment, des tableaux de certains grands maîtres européens de la période moderne. On retrouve ainsi l’influence d’œuvres de Van Eyck, Dürer, Altdorfer, Ruysdael ou encore Hackert dans les paysages maritimes ou les forêts vierges brésiliennes peintes par ces artistes voyageurs. Une approche par l’intericonicité nous conduit à percevoir comment une culture visuelle du paysage propre à l’Europe put circuler jusqu’au Brésil, accompagnant ces artistes dans la découverte de paysages inhabituels.
Cyber Security Challenges and Dark Side of AI
Authors: Ojha Nitish Kumar , Pandita Archana , Ramkumar J.
Published: March 2024

Experts believe that cyber security is a field in which trust is a volatile phenomenon because of its agnostic nature, and in this era of advanced technology, where AI is behaving like a human being, when both meet, everything is not bright. Still, things are scarier in the next upcoming wave of AI. In a time when offensive AI is inevitable, can we trust AI completely? In this chapter, the negative impact of AI has been reviewed.
Humanizing Instructional Design Through Empathic Analysis
Authors: Meech Sally , Koehler Adrie A.
Published: March 2024

The technologically mediated context of online teaching and learning presents unique challenges that require making explicit the implicit human elements that may be taken for granted in face-to-face contexts. While empathy, the emotional (affective) and reflective (cognitive) process of relating to another's circumstance, has been effectively employed in other design fields, its application in instructional design has only recently emerged. Using a hybrid narrative literature review process, this chapter presents an investigation of empirical and conceptual applications of empathic analysis used in instructional design settings. The authors analyze various empathic tools and methods employed and offer examples and advice to instructional designers and researchers for incorporating the practices in their work as a means to humanize online learning at the earliest stages in the instructional design process.
High Tech/High Touch
Authors: Freed Allison , Huffling Lacey D. , Scott Heather C. , Benavides Aerin W.
Published: March 2024

Using the three presences (teacher presence, cognitive presence, and social presence) of the community of inquiry framework as a guide to humanize the online environment, this chapter highlights strategies and tools that authentically engage graduate students to think, collaborate, and learn in a collaborative online environment. The authors discuss their journeys to teaching online from an in-person format. This chapter will give readers (faculty, instructors, and instructional designers) insight and ideas that will elevate their online teaching and improve student success through intentional engagement.
Neurodivergent Learners
Authors: Keates Nathan , Waldock Krysia Emily
Published: March 2024

An increasing number of students in higher education are neurodivergent, shaping and challenging the practices of how staff teach in higher education. This chapter seeks to outline why higher education staff should meet the needs of neurodivergent students, and how this can be done. This chapter begins by outlining the relationship between biodiversity and neurodiversity, and definitions are provided for neurodiversity and related terms. Second, barriers neurodivergent students may face are exlored. Finally, universal design for learning is presented as a vehicle for inclusive and accessible practice, with clear examples of how this relates to neurodivergent learners. The chapter thematically reports the needs of neurodivergent learners based on both the knowledge and experience of the authors, as well as from other neurodivergent students. The themes are considered communication, technological assistance, being predictable and meeting expectations, normalising everyone's needs (or rather, normalise neurodivergence).
The Framework of Student-Driven Learning Personalization in Project-Based Learning
Authors: Ignatova Natalija , Augustinienė Aldona , Klizienė Irina
Published: March 2024

The learning personalization concept in the 21st century continues by facilitating learner-driven processes, enabling their agency in proactive learning. The chapter provides a conceptual background and the framework of the student-driven personalization process. It discusses what learning scenarios can motivate learners to become more aware of their learning goals and achieve them by being creators and reflecting experts in their learning. Personalization process expression varies in the learning context, learning environment, and the community where the students reflect and develop personal capacities at different levels, from the choice in knowledge acquisition to designing learning tools and resources and learning process design in cooperation with teachers. Implementing the future classroom learning projects' scenarios revealed their good potential to enable students' autonomy, success, and motivation to create in the learning process and appropriateness to the learning personalization affordance criteria at the higher-order level.
Discovering the Micro-Clusters From a Group of DHH Learners
Authors: Poly Anisha , Banu P. K. Nizar
Published: March 2024

The e-learning environment is essentially helpful for improving the autonomous learning skills of the DHH learners. Facing numerous resources online, DHH learners need support to choose the right learning materials. This can be done by recommending suitable learning objects to similar types of learners. Hence, this research attempts to explore the possibilities of forming micro clusters from the group of DHH learners to improve the recommendation. As a result of k-means, three different micro clusters are formed. So, from the initial analysis, it is identified that the formation of micro clusters is possible, and features such as communication and learning ways play an important role in forming the well-defined micro clusters. This will definitely help the teachers in traditional classrooms and recommendation engines in e-learning to explore the micro clusters of learners with same learning patterns and communication preferences to appropriately stream the right pedagogical methods.
College Students' Ability/Inability to Follow Directions
Authors: Smudde Peter M.
Published: March 2024

During the author's 21 years in higher education, the author has observed problems with students following directions for assignments, whether orally or in writing or both. To investigate this phenomenon, the author analyzed scholarship in 11 categories to inductively answer two research questions about (1) what may be the bases for the phenomenon and (2) how to enable students to better follow directions. The author found that students' inability to follow directions in college courses seems based on (1) long-term reinforcement (since early elementary grades) of lessons about directions consisting of sequential steps and (2) further reinforcement as students age toward college by other very common sources (e.g., how-to videos) so that (3) many students are unable to process complex directions for addressing real-world, ambiguous, and ill-defined situations. In short, many students' schemata about directions do not work well in college courses. Using what research tells us, college and university professors can help their students through personalized learning about effectively following directions.
AIoT Revolution
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Sowmi Saltonya M. , Ganapathi Suresh , Gunasekar A.
Published: March 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of networking challenges in today's evolving landscape. It introduces the concept of artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) and demonstrates the synergy between AI and IoT in addressing these challenges. Through a holistic AIoT strategy, the chapter guides readers in designing and implementing proactive network monitoring, predictive maintenance, enhanced security measures, quality of service management, automation, and data-driven decision-making. It emphasizes the tangible benefits of AIoT, including optimized networking performance, cost reduction, and improved user experiences. Real-world case studies highlight successful AIoT implementations, offering valuable lessons. The chapter also delves into emerging trends, ethical considerations, and concludes by emphasizing the implications and the need for a forward-looking approach in networking productivity.
The Effect of Artificial Intelligence Over the Educational System (School and University)
Authors: Omidi Saman , Omidi Ali
Published: March 2024

This chapter delves into the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the educational systems, spanning both schools and universities. The primary components of an educational system include students, teachers, monitoring and evaluation (M&E), and administrative organization. While there are undoubtedly other components, these mentioned items are the most crucial. Artificial intelligence significantly influences all of them. In this chapter, the authors thoroughly examine and analyze the effect of AI on each of the four educational components, employing a systematic review and library methodology. Consequently, after the introduction, the chapter is organized into four parts, corresponding to each component. The main finding indicates that AI technology has revolutionized education by offering personalized and adaptive learning, flexible teaching, as well as smart administration and swift assessment systems. This chapter also highlights the drawbacks associated with it.
Trends and Challenges in AIoT Implementation for Smart Home, Smart Buildings, and Smart Cities in Cloud Platforms
Authors: Santhi V. , Sabareesh Yamala N. V. Sai , Sudheer Ponnada Prem , Krishna Villuri Poorna Sai
Published: March 2024

Smart homes, smart buildings, and smart cities increase the quality of living by creating a world that is better and more secure, reducing dependency on human needs and efforts. This chapter investigates the complex landscape of security threats resulting from the integration of AIoT (artificial intelligence of things) and cloud platforms within the domains of smart homes, smart buildings, and smart cities. It examines the distinctive challenges and vulnerabilities that arise when these technologies converge. These technologies hold the potential to significantly enhance the quality of life, reinforce home security, and facilitate elderly care. However, their effectiveness hinges on access to extensive data about users' homes and private lives. This chapter underscores the critical need to address the ensuing security and privacy concerns, which present substantial barriers to the widespread adoption of these promising technologies.
Venture Capital
Authors: Trivedi Sonal , Begde Prasad , Nallakaruppan
Published: March 2024

The realm of venture capital (VC) stands as a dynamic crucible where innovation converges with entrepreneurship, igniting a paradigm shift in investment strategies and approaches. This chapter delves into the intricate tapestry of “Venture Capital: Trends, Investment Strategies, and Impact,” unraveling the transformative journey that has redefined the VC landscape. It serves as a compass, guiding entrepreneurs, investors, policymakers, and researchers through the labyrinth of innovation within venture capital. As the VC landscape evolves, this chapter stands as an invaluable guidepost, a testament to the adaptability of an industry poised to shape economies and revolutions alike. In essence, this chapter embarks on an expedition into the heart of venture capital's metamorphosis. It uncovers the trends that shape its trajectory, underscores its role as a force of change, and underscores its resonance with entrepreneurship, technology, and investment strategies.
Exploring the Dynamics of Corporate Start-Up Collaboration in the Innovation Ecosystem
Authors: Minz Nitish Kumar , Bhardwaj Priyam , Singh Ansh , Chaudhary Deepika
Published: March 2024

This chapter comprehensively examines corporate collaboration's role in innovation, encompassing objectives such as a literature review, exploration of collaboration forms, analysis of critical success factors, investigation into government-industry-academia partnerships, and comparison of startup and mature corporation innovation models. Utilizing a systematic literature review, the research defines objectives, crafts a search strategy, screens papers, extracts data, conducts thematic and comparative analysis, and assesses research paper quality. Key findings highlight the impact of corporate accelerators on innovation and corporate agility, emphasizing strategic alignment and effective communication in collaborations. The research underscores the significance of transparent, cooperative engagement, shared vision, and trust in open innovation relationships, contributing to understanding corporate collaboration's transformative potential in the 21st-century business world, providing practical implications for enhancing innovation capabilities through strategic partnerships.
ADMET Prediction and Molecular Simulation of Prosopis juliflora Against Lung Cancer Protein (ATK1)
Authors: S. Arun Pandiyan , Gokul V. , Madhumitha L. , Pazhamalai Vivek , S. Ivo Romauld , Meenambiga S. S.
Published: March 2024

With 85% of cases being non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it is the most prevalent form of the disease. NSCLC normally develops and spreads more slowly than its counterpart, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), which may result in a worse outcome. Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and giant cell carcinoma are only a few of the subtypes of NSCLC. Each has distinct traits and approaches to treatment. Smoking continues to be a substantial risk factor for NSCLC, although it can also afflict non-smokers. This work involves development of potential anti-cancer drug from the bioactive compounds of Prosopis juliflora, an invasive shrub which is found in all over the state of Tamil Nadu. The bioactive compounds of Prosopis juliflora were screened for ADMET properties and docked against the RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (PDB: 3o96). Then, the compound Phenol, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- which has the least binding energy of -6.95 kcal/mol was used to model the firmness and dynamics of the free protein 10 picoseconds.
ADMET Prediction and Molecular Simulation of Desmostachya bipinnata Against Gastric Cancer Protein (PFN1)
Authors: Arun pandiyan S. , Kabeer khan H. , Vivek P. , Ivo Romauld S. , Meenambiga S. S.
Published: March 2024

Being the fourth most prevalent cancer and the second main cause of cancer death globally, gastric cancer is a serious health issue. Despite significant improvements in our knowledge of epidemiology, pathology, molecular causes, and therapeutic options and tactics, as well as a drop in incidence and death, the burden of disease remains high. This work involves development of potential anti-cancer drug from the bioactive compounds of Desmostachya bipinnata, an invasive shrub which is found in all over the state of Tamil Nadu. The compounds of Desmostachya bipinnata were screened for ADMET properties and docked against the profilin-1 (PDB: 4x1l). The protein-ligand complex which formed due to molecular docking, stigmasterol-PFN1 with least binding affinity of -7.34 Kcal/mol is chosen for simulation studies. Dynamics simulation is used to model the firmness and stability of protein-ligand complex. CHARM-GUI and NAMD software is used for dynamic simulation studies for this work.
AI-Driven Algorithms for Optimizing Social Media Advertising
Authors: Jha Amaresh
Published: March 2024

The social media advertising market is anticipated to witness a surge in ad spending; projections indicate an annual growth rate (CAGR 2023-2028) of 4.31%, leading to a forecasted market volume of US$255.8 billion by the year 2028. AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts of user data to identify patterns and preferences. This study aims to explore the prospects and challenges of using AI-driven algorithms for optimizing social media advertising and also the functions and benefits of five algorithms prominently used in optimizing social media advertising, namely recommendation algorithms, lookalike audience algorithms, A/B testing algorithms, bid optimization algorithms, and ad fraud detection algorithms. The study also aims at analyzing the challenges associated with AI-driven algorithms from the perspective of customer experience.
Transformation of HR Roles Through People Analytics
Authors: Mizan Marufa
Published: March 2024

This case will allow students to have insight about how transformative HR is leveraging employee data to make evidence-based strategic decisions. Berger, striving to increase turnover every four years, faced HR challenges with manual processes and disconnected data across departments. HR functions were hindered by the lack of integration. To address this, Berger implemented SAP SuccessFactors, automating data collection and analysis across departments. The system provides a unified platform for evaluating performance, streamlining recruitment, and aligning employee goals with company strategy. This HR transformation enhances efficiency, eliminates manual updates, and ensures consistency in tracking employees. The move reflects a strategic response to increased customer demand while maintaining product and service quality, offering valuable insights for undergraduate and postgraduate human resource management courses. This study will showcase how HR is gradually shifting to the world of data-centric solutions and facilitating productivity and effectiveness of the firm.
Waffle-Up
Authors: Mallik Tahsin Raysha , Nova Zeun Tafsir
Published: March 2024

The hotel and hospitality industry is a type of industry that has a lot of potential if the business model is unique. Otherwise, it is a very competitive industry to operate in. Based on the changing market trends, businesses adapt and evolve over time. New businesses launch religiously, which makes the industry and market very competitive. It is an identified challenge for entrepreneurs or leaders who belong to this industry. This case is based on a similar business that belongs to this sector, which despite being a newcomer to the industry, became a trendsetter. Waffle Up has adapted similar strategies like proactive innovation, willingness to change, resource leverage, etc. Keeping customers engaged in a business is extremely effortful. This case identifies the prioritized factors and the reasonings behind their choice. The case also focused on the downsides of this industry and explored the factors that can lead to the downfall of a business.
The Constraints and Obstacles of Social Media Entrepreneurship Powered by AI
Authors: Hossain Sheneen
Published: March 2024

The emergence of globalization has changed the entire direction of entrepreneurship and business structure. In today's world, technology has become a significant part of our everyday lives, which is impacting various sectors and education. However, this advantage has caused an emerging, challenging, set of constraints and obstacles that future entrepreneurs must navigate. The significance of this proposal is to outlay the content and scope of the chapter, which will help to explore all the significant limitations and challenges faced by social media entrepreneurship, which are AI-driven. This chapter will also portray the impact of these challenges and constraints on the business strategies and success of AI-powered social media entrepreneurship. It primarily targets educators, policymakers concerned with ethical and legal issues related to AI in social media, students of e-business, and anyone interested in technology and entrepreneurship. Alongside this, all the ethical concerns related to Al in social media and the recommendations to mitigate these limitations are discussed.
Revolutionizing Drug Discovery With Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Barua Ranjit , Das Deepanjan , Biswas Nirmalendu
Published: March 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is swiftly reshaping diverse industries, and the pharmaceutical sector is no different. This study delves into AI's capacity to revolutionize pharmacy, exploring its current and future applications in drug discovery, personalized medicine, safety, quality control, inventory management, and patient counselling. Despite notable advancements, challenges like data privacy, ethics, and regulations are crucial considerations. AI's transformative impact is evident in faster drug discovery, enhanced patient outcomes, cost reduction, and improved operational efficiency in pharmacies. The shift from manual processes to automated AI systems ensures precision, personalization, and cost-effectiveness in patient care. Ethical and responsible AI use, along with careful societal and workforce considerations, is imperative. This chapter provides insights into the future of pharmacy, highlighting AI's transformative potential in the field.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Approaches for Antimicrobial Peptide Prediction
Authors: Madhavan Thirumurthy , Das Sharma Anchita , Chowdhury Subrata , Soufiene Ben Othman
Published: March 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global issue due to improper drug use in humans and animals. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show promise in targeting bacteria with minimal harm to host cells and low risk of resistance development. Machine learning enhances accuracy in predicting AMPs. Common classifiers include SVM, RF, ANN, LGBM, and DT. This review compares peptide prediction tools based on machine learning, assessing performance using cross-validation. Carefully chosen independent datasets were used to evaluate predictive efficiency. By utilizing a variety of ML methods, the best techniques for predicting Antimicrobial peptides, Antibacterial peptides, Antifungal peptides can be developed quickly
Use of AI in Medical Image Processing
Authors: Kumar Sharma Sheelesh
Published: March 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in medical image processing is a game-changing breakthrough in modern healthcare. This cutting-edge technology takes a multidimensional approach to diagnosis, treatment, and patient care, opening up significant prospects for improved medical outcomes and resource optimization. AI has proven its image analysis prowess in applications such as disease detection and diagnosis. Machine learning algorithms, combined with massive datasets of medical pictures, allow for precise and speedy detection of anomalies in radiological scans such as X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasounds. Early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular ailments has improved, allowing for earlier intervention and personalized treatment plans. Incorporation of AI in medical image processing is revolutionizing healthcare by boosting diagnosis speed and accuracy, optimizing treatment planning, and improving patient care.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning-Based Diabetes Prediction Approaches
Authors: Vardhan Harsh , Kumar Vijay
Published: March 2024

The early prediction of diabetes mellitus may help improve the health of patients and cure them of this disease. In recent years, machine learning techniques have been widely used to predict diabetes in its early stages. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance of different machine learning techniques for diabetic prediction. Four well-known machine learning techniques, named as random forest, support vector machine, decision tree, and XGBoost are used. These techniques are evaluated on the Indian Diabetes dataset. Experimental results reveal that random forest algorithm achieved highest accuracy than the other techniques in terms of performance measures. These techniques will help to reduce diabetes incidence and health care costs. This work can be used to envisage diabetes in its early stages.