bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empathy strengthens the effect of emotion on beauty
Authors: Bruns Anna , Pelli Denis G.
Published: September 2024

Past research shows that emotion affects beauty judgments of images and music. Because it is widely supposed that our faculty of empathy facilitates aesthetic experience, we wondered whether individual levels of empathy modulate the effect of emotion on beauty. 164 participants rated the perceived beauty, happiness, and sadness of 12 art images, 12 nature photographs, and 24 songs. The stimuli were presented in two blocks, and participants took the PANAS mood questionnaire before and after each block. Between blocks, they viewed one of three mood induction videos, intended to increase their happiness, increase their sadness, or leave their mood unchanged. We also measured (trait) empathy with the Questionnaire for Cognitive and Affective Empathy. We used structural equation modeling to analyze the effect of empathy on emotion, beauty, and the relationship between them. We assessed four emotion variables: participants’ felt happiness and sadness (mood questionnaire ratings) and perceived happiness and sadness (stimulus ratings). We find that higher empathy is associated with stronger positive relationships between beauty and both felt and perceived emotions, for both images and music (𝛽 ~ 0.06 per empathy point on a 10-pt. scale, p < 0.001). We also find that perceived happiness and sadness boost beauty directly for both images and music. However, sadness affects music more than images (𝛽= 0.51 vs. 0.12, all p < 0.001), and empathy amplifies this relationship for music but not images. Thus, felt and perceived emotions produce more beauty, more so in more empathic people, and more so with music than images.
Prevalence of migraine among medical students at the University of Science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan, 2024
Authors: Baraka Mohamed , Adam Muotaman , Al-Jabali Tho Alyazan , Bakheit Amjad , Abdulrhman Abdulla , Ali Mohammed , Amir Ahmed , Hassan Abdalaziz , Hagali Abdulalim , Ahmed Fatima
Published: September 2024

Background
Migraine is one of the leading neurological causes of disability worldwide with a significant impact on all aspects of life, despite the high prevalence and debilitating effects migraine remains underestimated in Sudan. This study aims to measure the prevalence of migraine among medical students at a Sudanese University.
Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between June and August 2024 involving 283 medical students enrolled in the University of Science and Technology, data was collected online and ID-Migraine was used to screen for migraine and R programming language for statistical computation and graphics was used to analyze the data.
Results
The prevalence of migraine was 41% and females were more affected than males. The most reported trigger factor was irregular sleep 84%, with rest being the most used method for relief 43% and the majority of migraine-positive students 46% mentioned their academic performance was moderately affected.
Conclusion
This study found a high prevalence of migraine among medical students enrolled in the University of Science and Technology, with female students being more affected and significant impact on academic performance.
The application of effective planting season patterns to increase rice and tiger shrimp cultivation production in brackish water intruded land
Authors: Sahabuddin Sahabuddin , Suwoyo Hidayat Suryanto , Septiningsih Early , Hendrajat Erfan Andi , Sahrijanna Andi , Tahe Suwardi , Fahrur Mat , Nurbaya Nurbaya , Suciati Suciati , Muslimin Muslimin , Yuniwati Eny Dyah
Published: September 2024

This study aims to test a more productive planting season pattern for rice and tiger shrimp cultivation. The research was conducted in Oring Hamlet, Lawallu Village, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi. The implementation of rice and tiger shrimp cultivation is carried out in ponds infested by brackish water. The land invaded by brackish water was reconstructed into rice fields and ditches. The next process is soil tillage, fertilization, sowing, and rice seed seedbeds for 25 days. The rice fields are planted with rice, a saline-tolerant variety of Irrigated Rice Inbreds 34 (Inpari 34), while caren is stocked with Post Larvae-25 tiger shrimp.
Tiger shrimp larvae have adapted to low salinity according to land conditions. The treatments tested were a) cultivation of tiger shrimp at the beginning of the rainy season and b) cultivation of tiger rice and shrimp at the beginning of the dry season. Rice plants are maintained for 105 days. Growth sampling is carried out every 14 days to preserve rice and tiger shrimp. The results showed that rice production at the beginning of the rainy season was 1027 kg, higher than the planting season at the beginning of the dry season of 350 kg. The survival rate (SR) and daily growth rate (DGR) of tiger shrimp obtained at the beginning of the rainy season were 20.16% and 0.18, while the survival rate and daily growth rate of tiger shrimp at the beginning of the dry season were 18.45% and 0.17. The production value of rice and tiger shrimp cultivation is higher in the early rainy season planting season.
A prospective study on the neonatal compications associated with prolonged premature rupture of membranes at a tertiary care hospital: A comperative analysis
Authors: sabouri Reza
Published: September 2024

Background: Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) is a common complication during pregnancy, which leads to adverse effects in both mothers and newborns. The management of premature rupture of the amniotic sac is still controversial among physicians, which is associated with a wide range of maternal and neonatal complications. Expectant management might increase the risk of infection in both mothers and neonates. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate neonatal outcomes following prolonged PROM(PPROM).
Methods and material: This study is a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 65 neonates with premature rupture of membranes longer than 18 hours and 65 neo-nates with premature rupture of membranes less than 18 hours were selected through random sam-pling.and included in the study through simple random sampling. After recording the demographic charac-teristics of the mothers and the neonates and the outcomes of the neonates, it was entered into the SPP version 22 software for statistical analysis. A significance level (p.value) less than 0.05 was considered significant
Results: Out of 130 neonates, 57.7% were male and 42.3% were female. 62.3% of the neonates were born by cesarean section and the rest by vaginal delivery. In the studied population, 43% were pre-term neonates and the rest were term. The mean birth weight was 2825.35 ±572.34 grams and The mean Apgar score at fifth minute was 8.8 ± 1.19. The incidence rate of early neonatal infection (EOI) was 26.2% (34 cases) and the in-hospital death rate was 3.8% (5 cases). Based on our findings, the association between the duration PROM with early onset infection and resuscitation was statistically significant (p.value<0.05). The mean Apgar score at 5th minute was significantly higher in neonates with PROM longer than 18 hours than neonates with PROM less than 18 hours. Moreover, no significant association was observed between the duration of PROM and in-hospital mortality of neonates.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of our study, it can be concluded that the increase in the duration of rupture of the amniotic sac until the onset of labor is associated with an increase in the rate of early onset neonatal infection, a low Apgar score in the fifth minute, and the need for higher levels of resuscitation. However, it is not associated with in-hospital mortality of newborns.
Comparative Analysis of Nbc1051994, NBC 1052020 and is 18932002 Seismic Codes With G+8 RC Building
Authors: Ansari Farhan , Pokharel Aakash , Khatri Abhishek , Gwachha Jeevan
Published: September 2024

The Design and Construction of Buildings are done according to the prevalent codes of the locality. As the society evolve, so does the codes. In Nepal, the transition from the use of IS codes to the use of NBC has eased the sector of building construction. Although these codes to some extents are similar, greater portion of these codes remain distinct. This paper intends to differentiate between these codes with clarity. The differences in design and analysis between NBC 105:1994 ,NBC 105:2020 and IS 1893:2002, as considered by ETABS Ultimate 21.0.0 software, is presented in this article comparing the design results of parameters story displacement, story drift ratio, base shear, story shear, floor acceleration, overturning moment, torsional irregularity, moment diagrams and shear diagrams under the application of seismic load for the soil type found in Kathmandu Valley region as per the distinct code provision. From the comparison results, it shows that the IS 1893:2002 and NBC 105:1994 show almost similar results for base shear, story displacement, story drift ratio, story shear, overturning moment, floor acceleration due to the similarity in their derivation and assumption. But the results obtained from NBC 105:2020 is majorly different, the variation of results obtained from this code is more than 2 times than that of the IS 1893:2002 and NBC 105:1994 for all design parameters.
On a $\mathbb{Z}_3$-valued discrete topological term in 10d heterotic string theories
Authors: Tachikawa Yuji , Zhang Hao
Published: September 2024

We show that the low-energy effective actions of two ten-dimensional supersymmetric heterotic strings are different by a \mathbb{Z}_3ℤ3-valued discrete topological term even after we turn off the E_8×E_8E8×E8 and Spin(32)/\mathbb{Z}_2Spin(32)/ℤ2 gauge fields. This will be demonstrated by considering the inflow of normal bundle anomaly to the respective NS5-branes from the bulk. This result will be used to show further that the Spin(16)×Spin(16)Spin(16)×Spin(16) non-tachyonic non-supersymmetric heterotic string has the same non-zero \mathbb{Z}_3ℤ3-valued discrete topological term. We will also explain the relation of our findings to the theory of topological modular forms. The paper is written as a string theory paper, except for an appendix translating the content in mathematical terms. We will explain there that our finding identifies a representative of the \mathbb{Z}/3ℤ/3-torsion element of \pi_{-32}\mathrm{TMF}π−32TMF as a particular self-dual vertex operator superalgebra of c=16c=16 and how we utilize string duality to arrive at this statement.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PIGMENTED LESIONS OF SKIN
Authors:   MBBS, Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, B. J Medical Collage and Civil hospital, Asarwa, Ahmedabad - 380016, Gujarat, India., Patel Avani , Barot Hiral ,   MBBS, Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, B. J Medical Collage and Civil hospital, Asarwa, Ahmedabad - 380016, Gujarat, India., Parikh Dwepa ,   MBBS, Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, B. J Medical Collage and Civil hospital, Asarwa, Ahmedabad - 380016, Gujarat, India., Deshmukh Romali ,   MBBS, Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, B. J Medical Collage and Civil hospital, Asarwa, Ahmedabad - 380016, Gujarat, India.
Published: September 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is : To study the relative incidence, site, distribution and characteristics of various disorders causing pigmentary lesions. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Histopathology Department, B.J Medical College, Civil Hospital Ahmedabad. Period:Consecutive cases with clinical diagnosis of pigmented skin lesion, period between August 2020 to September 2022. Method: In this study, all the specimens were incisional biopsies of skin, fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stains. Result: On analyzing 284 consecutive pigmented skin lesions starting from the year 2020, it was found that the large majority of these lesions were benign. The most common pigmented skin lesion was melanocytic nevus. Pigmentary lesions include both hyperpigmented and hypopigmented lesions.Out of 284 of biopsies of skin 176 biopsies were hypopigmented lesions and 108 biopsies were hyperpigmented lesions. Conclusion: In conclusion, most of the pigmented skin lesions are benign, encountered between the age group of 30-40 years and commonly affect the head and neck followed by all over the body. Patch forms the most common type of lesion. In hypopigmented lesions Leprosy and in hyperpigmented lesions Nevus was the most common lesion.
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE MANAGED GREEN SPACES OF THE CITY OF DALOA
Authors:   LaboratoiredAmelioration de la Production Agricole, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede, UFR Agroforesterie, BP 150, Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Kanga Justin Kouassi , Yao Bertin Kouakou ,   LaboratoiredAmelioration de la Production Agricole, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede, UFR Agroforesterie, BP 150, Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Affia Sonmia Francia Kossonou ,   LaboratoiredAmelioration de la Production Agricole, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede, UFR Agroforesterie, BP 150, Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Kouadio Henri Kouassi ,   LaboratoiredAmelioration de la Production Agricole, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede, UFR Agroforesterie, BP 150, Daloa, Cote dIvoire.
Published: September 2024

Urban green spacesfulfill multiple functions for the well-being of populations. However, theseecosystem services are littleknown to city dwellers, and rarelytakenintoaccount in studies. Based on this observation, an assessment of some ecosystem services of urban green spaces in the city of Daloa wascarried out. Surface and rovingsurveymethodswerecombined for the collection of all plant species. A surveywasalsocarried out among city dwellers to find out how they use plant areas fromurban green spaces. The inventories made it possible to identify 312 plant speciesdistributedbetween 237 genera and 78 families. Amongthesespecies are 62 food plants. The uses of plant species by populations are in the aesthetic, food, medicinal and artisanal fields. The CO2 equivalent of the estimatedcarbon rate in all types of developmentis 9439.75 t for a financialcostvaryingfrom 28319.25 Euros or 18549108 FCFA to 132156.5 Euros or 86562507 FCFA. Strengthening the density of woodytreespecies and theirdiversitycould help increasetheircarbon stock for a more sustainableurbanecological balance.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT POLICY ON EMPOWERMENT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors:   Doctoral Program in Islamic Community Development, Postgraduate School, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia., Ridisno Supron , Basyar Syaripudin ,   Doctoral Program in Islamic Community Development, Postgraduate School, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia., , Jasmadi ,   Doctoral Program in Islamic Community Development, Postgraduate School, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia., Darmastuti Ari ,   Doctoral Program in Islamic Community Development, Postgraduate School, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia., Setiawati Rini ,   Doctoral Program in Islamic Community Development, Postgraduate School, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia., Mawardi J. M. ,   Doctoral Program in Islamic Community Development, Postgraduate School, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia.
Published: September 2024

Persons with disabilities have the same rights as other citizens to enjoy a life of fairness and justice. The constitution guarantees full participation of persons with disabilities in the development process. Policies in education and employment are the main pillars of empowering persons with disabilities. However, the implementation of these policies is not always effective. This research aims to provide an overview of local government policies on the empowerment of persons with disabilities in Lampung Province. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data obtained through interviews and documentation, and the analysis is conducted inductively. The research results show that while the local government in Lampung has established policies for the empowerment of persons with disabilities, various challenges remain, including limited infrastructure, lack of resources, and social stigma. Policy implementation in education, employment, and social welfare shows varying degrees of progress, but there are still shortcomings in terms of facilities, budget, and active participation of persons with disabilities. To achieve more optimal inclusion, it is important to enhance collaboration with disability organizations, improve facilities and training, and involve the community in program planning and evaluation. The implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) also requires regulatory harmonization and improved data systems to ensure overall policy effectiveness.
Enabling Vital Streets
Authors: Marshall Stephen
Published: September 2024

This commentary revisits Jan Gehl's 1980 paper on 'The residential street environment' and Vinicius Netto et al.'s 2022 paper asking 'Does Architecture Matter to Urban Vitality?' reflecting on the development of built environment studies in the meantime.
The Compact City
Authors: Banister David
Published: September 2024

This commentary takes papers from two issues eight years apart which focused on the compact city showing how the focus on density became less apparent while questions of sustainability gained prominence.
A Case Study of Migrant Children at Baity Center, Enrolled in Public System Through Civil Society Organisation, Delivering Integrated Services – Arousing Lives - From Dust to Dawn
Authors: Rafique Nuzhat , Albarghathi Waleed , Badi Rakha , Abdulwanis May , Maqbool Ahmad Ahsan
Published: September 2024

From “Dust to Dawn” a case study of 10 migrant children, to eastern Libya from Egypt, Syria and Sudan. The stories of six boys and four girl, highlight the efforts and potential of a civil society organisation and its role in bringing these children from extreme vulnerability to the mainstream of public system and realization of their basic right – getting access to education, health, protection, wellbeing, and opportunities to develop to their full potential. This case study is nested in the Baity center “My Home” project, operational research to see the feasibility of a cross sectoral integrated services package for the vulnerable children under one roof. Future Makers, an infant civil society organisation in East Libya, operational since 2011 civil conflict implemented the project. In Libya, like other conflict affected countries, migrants, refugees and IDPs face difficulty in accessing education, health, and protection rights due to multiple factors. During first year, Future makers delivered services to more than 700 children in need through Baity center, extending their services to families in case of gender-based violence and MH issues. Case study elaborates the challenges of young migrant children and restrictive policies in Libya which poses difficulties to them in accessing basic rights. It is also tribute to Future makers who had been able to bring these children out of the dust and showed them a brighter dawn - to look forward to a beautiful future, under the rising sun.
Effects and Challenges with Implementation of Green Management in Public Sector Institutions in the Bono Region of Ghana
Authors: Adjei William-Ohene , Maabobr Kor2 Jacob Aaworb-Nang , Asabi John , Okonah Okomfo
Published: September 2024

The push to adopt and implement green management in the business world has attracted global attention due its impact on the work environment. The main purpose of the study was to assess the effects and challenges associated with the adoption and implementation of green management among public sector institutions in the Bono region. A mixed-method was employed with a descriptive design to recruit participants through the use of stratified sampling technique. The quantitative data was collected using a 5-point Likert scale while a semi-structured interview guide was used to collect the qualitative data. After using SPSS version 23 software and thematic content technique to analyse the quantitative and qualitative data, the results showed that implementation of green management contributes to reduce energy consumption, improve waste generation and management, improve financial efficiency and enhance corporate image in public sector institutions. On the other hand, inadequate financial resources, lack of management support, inadequate knowledge and capacity building were found as the main challenges associated with the implementation of green management in public sector institutions. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the adoption and implementation of green management has positive effects on public sector institution but is faced with challenges.
Perceived Sociocultural Factors Associated with Violence Against Men and Preventive Strategies for its Reduction among Married Men in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Shogbamu Adebukola
Published: September 2024

Domestic abuse against males is prevalent yet often undetected due to societal silence and stigma; this paper explores the sociocultural factors and preventive strategies for addressing Violence Against Men (VAM) among married men in Ibadan, Nigeria. This study employed a descriptive mixed-method approach in Ibadan's five LGAs, administering 600 semi-structured questionnaires to married men and conducting 20 FGDs with community gatekeepers, with data analyzed using NVivo 10 for qualitative data and SPSS for quantitative data. Respondents, aged 23-64 with a mean of 45.07 years, mostly had secondary education (47.7%), were artisans (47.2%), Muslims (61.2%), and Yorubas (95.3%). Among them, 90.7% believed heavy alcohol and drug use by women could lead to abuse, 69.8% felt financial superiority could cause abuse, and FGD participants identified factors like social and educational status, cultural beliefs, employment, and lack of home training as contributors to domestic violence against men. Preventive strategies for reducing the violence against men mentioned by the respondents include public enlightenment using mass and social media and the provision of counselling services, including premarital counselling. Legal provisions should be introduced to protect men from violence or threats of violence directed against them by their abusive partners.
Knowledge and Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Care Services at Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Dele Agbana Richard , Adedayo Sanni Taofeek , Tolulope Adeyanju Benedict , Michael Ipinnimo Tope , Adedeji Aderinwale Oluseyi , Adetona Ademuyiwa
Published: September 2024

Viral hepatitis encompasses liver inflammation caused by hepatotropic viruses, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. The global prevalence of hepatitis B infection surpasses 300 million people. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to this infection, which significantly impacts maternal and child health. Limited knowledge and inadequate surveillance programs in Nigeria contribute to underestimating the prevalence rate. This study aims to assess the prevalence and knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing a multi-stage sampling technique. Data collection involved self-administered semi-structured questionnaires, and analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS version 27.0. Findings revealed that approximately 69.9% of the study respondents possessed good knowledge regarding hepatitis B infection. The prevalence of hepatitis B infection among respondents was 9.6%. Notable associations were observed between occupation, religion, parity, history of multiple sexual partners, knowledge, and the prevalence of hepatitis B infection. While most respondents exhibited commendable knowledge and surprisingly low prevalence rates within the facility, the government must enhance knowledge dissemination and increase accessibility to vaccinations. The occurrence of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma are most time linked to Hepatitis B infection, however, most individuals are not aware of this. This study will help increase awareness of the causes and benefits of early diagnosis and treatment of the infection in other to prevent the life-threatening complications associated with it. It will help reduce the infection through policy and implementation of preventive strategies.
Clinical Implications of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-6 Dysregulation in Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Nithish Varman A. N. , Farooq Mohammed , Thangavelu Lakshmi , R. P Parameswari
Published: September 2024

Gestational diabetes (GDM) can result in short-term and lasting health problems for the pregnant mother and the developing foetus. Instead of a sudden inflammatory response, GDM might trigger a chronic, low-level inflammation called "meta-inflammation." This persistent inflammation could play a role in the future development of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular issues for both the mother and child. Given this, the present study is an attempt to investigate the association between GDM and inflammation by evaluating the levels of interleukins. The study involved a total of 50 individuals, 25 pregnant women in gestational age 24 to 28 weeks as calculated by LMP and dating scan with gestational diabetes and 25 healthy pregnant women. Interleukin-10 and interleukin-6 levels were estimated by ELISA analysis. The plasma level of the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 was significantly lower in the GDM group than in the healthy subjects group. Concomitantly the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 were found to be markedly increased in the GDM subjects in comparison to that of healthy subjects. Enhanced inflammatory response has been observed in GDM, suggesting that inflammatory markers could serve as predictive indicators for GDM. Delayed diagnosis could result in significant consequences for both the mother and the child, both in the short and long term. Hence, there is a pressing requirement for early markers of GDM to facilitate timely intervention and treatment. Exploring these inflammatory signals in greater detail presents an opportunity to enhance maternal health outcomes by creating focused and efficient therapeutic approaches.
The Effectiveness of the Moral Rehabilitation Program with the Concept of Religion and Spirituality for Adolescents with Drugs
Authors: Kamarul Bahrin Farhana , Mohamad Yusof Masarah , Haziq Zamri Mohammad , Haizzan Yahaya Mohd.
Published: September 2024

The development process among adolescents is now increasingly changing in parallel with the development changes in the exposure of technology to that group. This causes changes to the adaptation process among adolescents including moral rehabilitation programs. Cases of drug abuse among adolescents, which are increasing day by day, require an effective moral rehabilitation program for the group to recover from the problem. Addressing drug use among adolescents is a significant concern, as it can have detrimental effects on their physical and mental health, academic performance, and overall well-being. Adolescents may experiment with drugs for various reasons, including curiosity, peer pressure, coping with stress, or seeking a sense of belonging. This study was carried out to look at the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program with a religious and spiritual concept offered at Tunas Bakti School Teluk Air Tawar, Penang as an effort to rehabilitate adolescents involved in drug abuse and to see the acceptance of the youth towards the moral rehabilitation program with a religious and spiritual concept. Data for this study has been collected using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data obtained from the questionnaire was analysed using the SPSS software. Based on this analysis, the effectiveness of the moral rehabilitation program is high and has a strong relationship with the youth's acceptance of the rehabilitation program carried out. The results of this study can be used to improve and improve moral rehabilitation programs for adolescents’ moral rehabilitation institutions in this country.
Demand for Oxygen Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review
Authors: Mohamed Zid Alkilani Emad , Abubakar Mohammed I.
Published: September 2024

The demand for oxygen during the COVID-19 has no equivalent in the past and caused a lot of strain on the hospital infrastructure as well as raised concerns about the ability of oxygen systems to meet the escalating needs of patients. This is a literature review on the demand for oxygen therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to conduct an in-depth evaluation of previous studies on the demand for oxygen therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study assesses the current understanding of the topic because of its relevance and influence on the health of different populations around the world. Pub Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar, the Lancet and EBSCO were searched using a series of combinations of the following keywords: oxygen demand during the COVID-19 pandemic, oxygen therapy, COVID-19 pandemic, access to oxygen therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic, challenges of oxygen services delivery and medical oxygen. The findings revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a substantial increase in the demand for oxygen therapy around the world due to the respiratory complications associated with the disease. The average monthly utilization of oxygen has increased due to the persistent increase in demand. Many health systems struggled to deliver oxygen therapy however, their efforts were futile due to the sudden increase in the number of patients that require oxygen therapy; problems related to the medical oxygen supply chain; lack of capacity to deliver oxygen therapy due to limits in infrastructure as well as other challenges.
Quality of Life and its Association with Geriatric Syndromes Amongst Older Adults Living in the Community in Central Mahalapye Sub-District, Botswana
Authors: Tshitenge Tshitenge Stephane , Moloko Kebaabetswe Poloko
Published: September 2024

The study assessed the quality-of-life (QOL) and its relationship with sociodemographic factors and geriatric syndromes among older adults residing in Botswana's Central Mahalapye subdistrict. This was a cross-sectional study. To assess geriatric syndromes, the survey used the brief-assessment-tool-for-comprehensive-geriatric-assessment (BAT for CGA), as well as the World Health Organisation Quality-of-Life-Questionnaire-Short-Version (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess the QOL domains. We used a multivariate linear regression model to find out how external factors, like geriatric syndromes and sociodemographic factors, affect the QOL score across different domains. The study encompassed a grand total of 414 older adult individuals. Except for the physical domain of the WHOQOL-BREF, senior participants in this study reported a high QOL, as most average scores across multiple domains of the WHOQOL-BREF exceeded 50%. Frailty impacted negatively in self-perception of QOL, self-perception of health, and WHOQOL-BREF social and environmental domains (β=-.124, t=-2.543, p=.011, β=-.258, t=-4.991, p=<.001, β=-.190, t=-4.198, p=<.001, β=-.170, t=-3136, p=.002, and β=-.147, t=-3.129, p=.002, respectively). While osteoporosis impacted negatively on self-perception of QOL, self-perception of health, WHOQOL-BREF psychological, social, and environmental domains (β=-.104, t=-2.426, p=.016, β=-.117, t=-2.378, p=.008, β=-.211, t=-4.916, p=<.001, β=-.137, t=-2.934, p=.004, and β=-.287, t=-6.437, p=<.001, respectively). High education level had a positive impact on self-perception of QOL (β=.165, t=3.566, p<.001), and living with a partner impacted positively on self-perception of QOL (β=.216, t=5.196, p<.001) and self-perception of health (β=.167, t=3.488, p<.001). We suggest that more research be done to make sure that the BAT for CGA tool works correctly in rural Africa.
Evaluation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Infiltrated Orthodontic Adhesive – An In-Vitro Study
Authors: L Harsha , Kumar Subramanian Aravind
Published: September 2024

This in-vitro study aims to assess and compare the physical and mechanical properties of a green synthesized (novel) Titanium dioxide nanoparticle infiltrated orthodontic adhesive with conventional orthodontic adhesive. A total of twenty disk-shaped specimens were fabricated by condensing the composite resin in a stainless-steel metal mold having a circular shape (10 x 2 mm) and polymerizing it using blue light (470nm). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the TiO2 NPs. The results of physical properties such as colour stability, and surface roughness showed no significant mean difference and the microhardness of two orthodontic adhesives showed a significantly greater hardness for conventional adhesives. Conventional orthodontic adhesive showed significantly increased compressive strength and greater tensile strength for novel TiO2-NPs infiltrated orthodontic adhesive (p>0.05). The results also showed improved mechanical properties for both groups.
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in the Permanent Dentition of Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Versus Controls- A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Bhatia Niharika , Kumar Subramanian Aravind
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the prevalence and severity of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) compared to age-matched controls. MIH, a dental abnormality affecting enamel, is underexplored in the context of CLP. A retrospective analysis was conducted on records of 47 non-syndromic unilateral CLP patients and 25 controls, with MIH assessed via intraoral photographs. Statistical analyses included Pearson chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank tests. Results indicated higher MIH scores in CLP patients, especially in molars, with no significant differences for mandibular incisors between groups. Within CLP patients, MIH scores were similar between cleft and non-cleft sides except for maxillary lateral and central incisors. The prevalence of MIH was notably higher in the CLP group, corroborating existing literature on the higher incidence of dental anomalies in these patients. These findings emphasize the need for preventive dental measures and refined criteria for MIH diagnosis in CLP patients to ensure accurate assessment and effective oral health management. Further research is recommended to develop comprehensive diagnostic criteria for MIH in individuals with clefts, facilitating better treatment planning.
Reestruturação produtiva e o novo proletariado de serviços na era digital
Authors: Pompéo Wagner Augusto Hundertmarck
Published: September 2024

Nas últimas duas décadas do século XX muitos estudiosos imaginavam que classe trabalhadora estava “com os dias contados”. A tese de finitude da classe trabalhadora restou superada, mas nem por isso o contexto das relações de emprego se mantivera estático. Seja pela lógica destrutiva do capital, seja pelo impacto tecnológico-informacional-digital, o fato é que a nova morfologia do trabalho do século XXI evidencia a expansão significativa de novas modalidades de trabalho, bem como o surgimento de um novo proletariado de serviços da era digital. Um proletariado de serviços que nada mais é do que parcela do proletariado: aquela mais precarizada, geracionalmente jovem, que vive de trabalhos com maior grau de informalidade, muitas vezes realizando atividades parciais, por tempo determinado ou intermitente. Adotando metodologia bibliográfica e método dedutivo, o presente trabalho objetiva compreender o processo de reestruturação produtiva e os efeitos que irariam sobre o novo proletariado de serviços na era digital, parcela mais precarizada do proletariado, geracionalmente jovem, que vive de trabalhos com maior grau de informalidade, muitas vezes realizando atividades parciais, por tempo determinado ou intermitente. O trabalho se justifica pelo aumento exponencial da informalidade, burlas e alternativas à contratação celetista, pagamento de salários aviltantes, mas, sobretudo, pela submissão a jornadas extenuantes e mesmo de atuação em local inseguro e nos quais sujeito à riscos à saúde e segurança, reflexos direitos do complexo processo produtivo característico do tempo presente e que atinge mais intensamente o novo proletariado de serviços.
Strategizing Directions for Agglomeration Effects
Authors: Tsivilev Sergey
Published: September 2024

The definitions set out in the article are the result of a systemic analysis of the environment, existing forecasts of future conditions based on strategic thinking, which help explain the theory of the emergence of agglomeration effects in territorial planning in the region. The essence of strategizing is focusing on the implementation of a set of interests. Therefore, the agglomeration strategy should be aimed at realizing long-term interests, such as creating new industries, improving the quality of life of the population, maintaining positive dynamics of demographic indicators, thereby ensuring the interests of a larger number of parties and achieving an agglomeration effect for the subject of the Russian Federation. It is the interests of the population, aimed at restoring the integrity of the territory in terms of the main economic indicators within the agglomeration, that are the main resulting factor reflecting the effectiveness of the strategy. At the stage of planning strategic priorities, it is important to pay attention to the transport accessibility of territories. Intraregional differences in the level of socio-economic development in Kuzbass, including the level of unemployment, prove the need for investment in the development of new industries. The lack of resource availability reduces the effectiveness of strategy and does not contribute to socio-economic development. An analysis of the economic mechanisms existing in the region and the fundamental principles of spatial development determines the possibilities of choosing between scenarios to achieve the agglomeration effect. The developing explanatory theory reveals the fact that limited resources can never satisfy uncertain desires and needs, and only a formalized strategy that combines forecast, priorities, long-term goals and objectives with a detailed scenario, the use of a strategic monitoring system, and assessment of resource limitations will achieve agglomeration effects in region.
Socio-Economic Strategizing of Resource Regions: Conceptual Modeling Stages
Authors: Gerelishin I.
Published: September 2024

The article introduces a conceptual model for strategizing the socio-economic development of resource regions. The research relied on the theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing developed by Professor Vladimir L. Kvint. The model, which consisted of several stages, covered trend analysis, internal environment analysis, mission formation, strategic priorities, and their assessment by mathematical, statistical, and cognitive methods. It is shown that the developed model can be used to develop strategies for resourceoriented regions, and also expanded for use in regional strategizing in general.
Human Resourcing in Healthcare: Strategizing Principles
Authors: Morozova Yulia , Kostevich Maria
Published: September 2024

The problem field of healthcare staffing is a highly relevant area for research efforts in strategizing. This study featured the human resource potential of the domestic healthcare system in a national and regional contexts. The theory and methodology of strategizing developed by Professor Vladimir L. Kvint made it possible to trace some indicators of human resourcing potential in the healthcare sector, i.e., age, regional structure, reproduction of labor-power, etc. Effective strategizing depends on the patterns that kept repeating since the beginning of the century. The research revealed the key principles of personnel strategizing in healthcare. First, constant high-quality monitoring helps to follow the changes in the patterns of reproduction of human resources, including regional specifics. Second, global trends in healthcare, e.g., digitalization, optimize the work and increase its efficiency. Third, personnel strategizing takes into account current and projected changes in morbidity, technological development, unexpected challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic, etc. Fourth, healthcare strategizing needs accounting, identification, instrumentalization, and institutionalization of factors that contribute to the growth of human resources. Fifth, strategizing in this sphere requires coordination with human resourcing in other industries, especially those connected with intellectual labor. Finally, attraction, retraining, and advanced training of foreign specialists and students are of great importance for effective strategizing.
Conceptual Provisions for Innovative Information Modelling in Construction
Authors: Ksendzovskiy Vladimir
Published: September 2024

The work proposes a new strategic concept of Innovation Information Modelling based on digital technology, which allows for the creation of a digital twin of the innovation implementation process in a construction project and its use throughout the entire lifecycle of a construction object, from design to operation. The concept opens up new opportunities for construction organizations, including more effective strategic management of innovation implementation and utilization, meticulous process control, and prompt decision-making in the event of changes in external or internal project conditions.
Strategic Thinking Rules in Innovation Clusters Strategizing Methodology
Authors: Kalinin Vladimir
Published: September 2024

Universal methodological standards for new innovative clusters are an issue of uttermost importance during the current emergency period. An effective methodology of cluster strategy development is crucial for stimulating innovative growth. This study proves that the methodology developed by Professor Vladimir
L. Kvint is able to provide strategic success in developing the innovation clusters system in the current Russian realities. Strategic leaders and strategy developers are recommended to adhere to the fifteen key principles of strategic thinking described in this article.
Fundamentals of the electron transfer mechanism and factors influencing the performance of METs
Authors: Thakur Somil , Chaithanya Sai , Sirsant Swati , Devi Rajni
Published: September 2024

Microbial electrochemical systems have the capability to produce either bioelectricity from organic matter or industry-relevant products such as acetate, glycerol, hydrogen, and so on. These systems utilize electroactive bacteria (Geobacter, Shewanella, etc.) to transfer electrons onto the surface of electrodes. The transfer of these electrons from an anode to cathode is then facilitated by the redox potential of cells, which can be attained artificially or naturally depending on the type of microbial electrochemical technology (MET). Although the principles of the electron transfer mechanism (ETM) in a variety of METs are similar, pathways can be generally classified as direct electron transfer and indirect electron transfer. Each pathway leads to a variation in electron–electrode interactions and thus the efficiency of systems varies accordingly. This chapter elucidates the various pathways of electron transfer from bacteria to electrode surface as well as the factors that affect the ETM. It will help researchers to understand the fundamentals of electron transfer in METs and discusses possible ways to improve this phenomenon.
Application of microbial electrolysis cells for the production of biogas and other valuables from industrial wastewater and sludge
Authors: Tripathi Akash , Yadav Shraddha , Kumar Santosh , Ghangrekar M. M.
Published: September 2024

A microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) has been developed as an effective technology for the microbial conversion of organic matter contained in industrial wastes and sludge into valuable products such as biogas or biochemicals. Exploiting industrial wastewater to produce biogas or chemicals will improve circular economy and concurrently attract industries to pre-treat their wastewater before discharging. However, the products of an MEC such as CH4, H2, H2O2, and other chemicals are not thermodynamically favourable reactions; hence, an external voltage is required to support these reduction reactions. In this regard, optimizing MEC's different operational parameters and reactor configuration is obligatory to reduce the system's external energy demand, and associated energy loss and simultaneously achieving high conversion efficiency. The critical aspects of this chapter are discussing the basic concept of an MEC and its configurations with a detailed description of the thermodynamic aspect of the process. Furthermore, the description of industrial wastewater characteristics provides a better assessment regarding adopting this technology in industries. Overall, this chapter highlights the significance of MECs as a potential solution for transforming industrial wastewater and sludge into valuable resources, while encouraging environmentally friendly and sustainable practices.
Treatment of industrial wastewater with emerging pollutants through microbial fuel cells
Authors: Hualpa-Cutipa Edwin , Maldonado-Jimenez Ingrid , Yana-Neyra Evelin , Garcia Linda Cristal Sanchez , Julca Nikol Gianella , José Mayhua Mallma María , Ravelo Machari Yadira Karolay , Alba Susan Raquel Ruiz , Tena Lucero Katherine Castro , Ordoñez Luis Manuel Atoche
Published: September 2024

Currently, environmental pollution is on the rise because of industrial growth to fulfill the demands of a society that is undergoing rapid demographic growth. This population change triggers the use of more resources and the release of pollutants into the environment. From the range of pollutants generated, new hazardous pollutants are being released, these are known as emerging pollutants. Several efforts have been made to address the management, treatment, disposal, and elimination of industrial effluents containing high levels of persistent contaminants, but these efforts have not been effective. A few approaches and/or techniques have been developed to treat these pollutants to mitigate their negative effects. Among these methods, technologies based on microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have proven to be an effective and suitable strategy for treating industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant pollutants (pharmaceuticals, hormones, pesticides, personal care products, etc.). In an MFC system, bacteria have an electroactive role, both in the degradation of these compounds and the donation of electrons for the generation of electricity in the process, this in turn accelerates the removal rate. In addition, emerging contaminants are organic compounds, that is, their composition contains carbon bonds, which can be used as a carbon source by bacteria and can also be degraded by electrochemical redox reaction processes. The aim of this chapter was to discuss the characteristics and properties of MFCs about their application in the treatment of wastewater rich in emerging pollutants that are resistant to spontaneous biodegradation. Finally, the prospects and future challenges of MFCs for applications in large-scale systems will be presented because studies are still being carried out at the laboratory level.