bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The growth determinant based on economic and non economic factors (empirical evidence in Central Java Province, Indonesia)
Authors: Hakim A R , Subanti S
Published: November 2019

The study of economic growth has been grown, if previously only paying attention to economic factors, now also consider non-economic factors. The development of growth studies has provided a new study perspective in recent decades so that it slowly develops into its own interest in study. This paper wants to fill this up by combining economic and non-economical factors as determinants of growth. This paper uses individual data for districts or cities in Central Java Province. The analysis technique used is ordinary least squares through multiple regression. The paper's findings show that only investment factors as a representation of economic factors that influence growth, while non-economic factors do not have a significant influence on growth, where the influence of non-economic factors produces ambiguous findings. From the findings of this paper, it still have some limitations that must be corrected for further study.
Robust Principal Component Analysis with Modified One-Step M-Estimator Method
Authors: Sriwijayanti  , Raupong  , Sunusi N
Published: November 2019

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a multiple variable analysis method that aims to reduce the dimensions of the original variable, which are mostly correlated so that new variables that are not correlated are obtained. The data used is criminality data in Indonesia in 2016 which contains outlier data in it. Therefore this study cannot use classic PCA because classic PCA was formed based on a covariant variant matrix that is very sensitive to the existence of outlier data. To overcome this problem, PCA robust is used with the Modified One-Step M-Estimator method with a MADn scale estimator to get the main components that are not much influenced by outliers. Modified One-Step M-Estimator (MOM) is the average remaining value of all extreme values that have been issued. The results obtained are there are 3 main components that can explain 85.19% of the variance of the 7 original variables.
Characteristic of extreme rainfall in Makassar, Province of South Sulawesi
Authors: Rahim A , Bakri B , Anisa  , Mutholib A , Haerunnisa A
Published: November 2019

The effect of climate change on extreme rainfall is important to note due to its damaging impact on the environment and humanity. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of extreme rainfall in the Province of South Sulawesi. The characteristics investigated are trends and models of extreme rainfall distribution. Trend analysis of extreme rainfall used the Mann-Kendall Test. Modeling of extreme rainfall distribution used the Annual Maximum approach with Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. The extreme rainfall distribution model is approached with non-stationary models. The method of parameter estimation used the maximum likelihood method coupled with the BFGS Quasi-Newton methods. Model selection performed based on the smallest Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) value. Using rainfall data in Makassar rain gauge for a period from 1983 to 2015, the results show that there is a decreasing trend of extreme rainfall in Makassar Municipality and the appropriate distribution model for extreme rainfall data is a non-stationary model.
Modelling The Recovery of Health Conditions for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Dr. Soegiri Hospital Lamongan in 2018 Using Binary Logistic Regression
Authors: Wulandari S P , Susilaningrum D , Viyanti P D
Published: November 2019

East Java province occupied the second place with pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Indonesia. Lamongan is one of the regencies of East Java has a number of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment success that has not met the target, this means that there are still many pulmonary tuberculosis patients who do not recover after undergoing treatment or even died. Therefore conducted a study using a binary logistic regression method to find out the factors that affect recovery pulmonary tuberculosis sufferer's health condition in the Provincial Hospital Dr. Soegiri Lamongan so that people can avoid the factors that significantly affect the recovery of the health condition of pulmonary tuberculosis disease sufferers. The results showed that nutritional status, presence of complications, when influential significant and long against the recovery of pulmonary tuberculosis patients condition.
Mercury (Hg) contamination on water, sediment and macrozoobenthos in Waelata River, Wamsait Village Waelata Sub-district, Buru District, Maluku Province
Authors: Heumasse H , Omar S B A , Demmallino E B
Published: November 2019

Gold was found in Buru Island, Maluku Province, Indonesia in November, 2011. Since then, the artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activity was started in Botak Mount up to now. Mercury was used to extract gold through amalgamation process and produce high volume of wastewater contaminated by Hg to Waelata River, straight to Kayeli Bay. This caused serious problem for the environment. Sampling was done in three locations in Waelata River, Wamsait Village, Waelata Sub-District, Buru District, with the three times of repetition to determine the mercury (Hg) concentration level in the water, sediment and macrozoobenthos. The research result showed that the highest Hg concentration mean in the water, sediment and macrozoobenthos was in ST.02 with the respective values namely 0.0012±0.0001 ppm, 0.0833±0.0062 ppm and 0.0088±0.0003 ppm. On the other hand, the lowest Hg concentration mean was found in ST.01 with the respective values namely < 0.0005±0.0000 ppm, 0.0228±0.0019 ppm and 0.0050±0.0034 ppm. The wastewater was produced by the gold mining activities that did not flow to ST.01, so that Hg in the wastewater did not have any correlation with the Hg in sediment and macrozoobenthos (p<0.05), however it flowed from ST.02 to ST.03 so that the Hg in the water has correlation with Hg in sediment and macrozoobenthos (p>0.05).
Selection of Compound Group to Identify the Authenticity One of Jamu Product Using The Group Lasso for Logistic Regression
Authors: Riau B P R , Afendi F M , Anisa R
Published: November 2019

Counterfeiting Jamu Product in Indonesia that is quite common nowadays. Jamu product X is one of the cases of counterfeiting Jamu products, counterfeiting of medicinal products X that occur with the same physical form so it is very difficult to identify its authenticity. The development of science encourages the emergence of various analytical methods, one of them is chemometric analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrophotometry. This can be conducted using middle infrared spectrum to produce wavelengths to be identified. Chemometric results are very difficult to be interpreted, therefore statistical analysis methods is required to make is easier, one of which uses the Group Lasso. Group Lasso is a method that is able to select variables to identify the authenticity of Jamu products X. Because the data used is categorical data so the method used is Group Lasso for Regression Logistic. This study aims to determine the influential group of compounds to identify the authenticity of Jamu product X. The result showed that the compound group which influenced the authenticity of Jamu product X, were C-H aliphatic (methyl, methylene, methylene group), H-C-H bending (methyl, methylene), and theno erthosubtitued aromaticwith 100% accuracy.
Mathematical models of heterogeneity in cancer cell growth: a review
Authors: Macansantos Priscilla S.
Published: November 2019

Cancer is characterized by unregulated growth of certain cells in the body, often leading to a rapid growth of tumors in vital organs. Various treatments have been proposed and given to cancer patients, including combinations of radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with varying rates of success. Characterization of the disease (and the search for a cure) is made more challenging by the observed heterogeneous behavior and variability of growth rates of cells, particularly cells forming tumors in various stages of development. Heterogeneity refers to apparently dissimilar traits and behavior of individual cells or cell subpopulations, despite originating from a common tumor or parental line. In the last several decades, developments in mathematical biology, together with increasing availability of sophisticated laboratory equipment (aided by powerful computers) has provided a framework for the quantification and study of cell traits, including variability. We review some recent work on heterogeneity and growth variability in the context of mathematical models proposed. In the models presented, variance in cell proliferation rate distribution signals heterogeneity, so that mechanisms tuning variance are considerations for treatment strategies. We look into previous work and studies on sources of variability and stochasticity, and some numerical approaches are discussed, in order to deal with huge gene networks implicated in the complex process of cell division, proliferation and heterogeneity.
Good basis vs bad basis: On the ability of Babai’s Round-off Method for solving the Closest Vector Problem
Authors: Mandangan A , Kamarulhaili H , Asbullah M A
Published: November 2019

A lattice basis is consisting of linearly independent basis vectors that span the lattice. A lattice in dimension of 2 and above have infinitely many bases. These bases have different quality in terms of the length (norm) and orthogonality of basis vectors. A lattice basis with reasonably short and orthogonal basis vectors is normally referred to as a ‘good basis’. On the contrary, a lattice basis with long and non-orthogonal basis vectors is normally referred to as a ‘bad basis’. The most establish hard problems in lattice are the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP) and the Closest Vector Problem (CVP). The solutions of these NP-hard problems can be categorized as exact and approximation solutions. Since the hardness of these problems significantly grows once the lattice dimension increases, approximation methods for solving these problems are preferable in practice. Babai’s Round-off Method is an approximation method for solving the CVP. Executing this method by using different bases of the same lattice return outputs with different distance to the target vector. When the method is executed using a good basis, it works effectively for returning a lattice vector that is located close to the target vector. On the contrary, the method works ineffectively when it is executed using a bad basis where the returned lattice vector is located far from the target vector. In this study, we investigated the reasons behind this occurrence. For that purpose, we solved a CVP instance by executing the Babai’s Round-off Method using a good basis and a bad basis. As a result, we discovered how the norms and orthogonality of basis vectors play their role for influencing the quality of the output returned by the method.
On the Insecurity of Generalized (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) - Advance and Adaptable Cryptosystem
Authors: Isa M.A.M. , Rahmany N.N.A. , Asbullah M.A. , Sathar M.H.A. , Rasedee A.F.N.
Published: November 2019

This paper explores the security claims of the Generalized (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) - Advance and Adaptable Cryptosystem, in short the GRSA-AA cryptosystem. In the GRSA-AA design proposal, the public key n is defined as the multiplication of two large prime numbers, while the values of encryption key E and decryption key D are relying on the result of multiplying 2
k
large prime numbers called N where n divides N. The GRSA-AA claimed that the brute force is necessary to break the cryptosystem even if the integer n was factored. Nevertheless, this paper aims to show that this scheme is insecure once n is factored. The mathematical proof is presented to show that it is easy to generate an alternative value to the private key D without brute-forcing, yet successfully break the system.
Hypersingular integral equation for triple inclined cracks problems in half plane elasticity
Authors: Husin N H , Long N M A Nik , Senu N
Published: November 2019

Hypersingular integral equation associated with the modified complex potential is formulated to solve the three inclined cracks problems in an elastic half-plane with free traction boundary condition. The modified complex potential possesses two parts; the principal and the complementary parts. The principal part is derived from the original complex potential of the crack problem in an infinite plate. The complementary part eliminates the traction along boundary of half-plane caused by the principal part. The crack opening displacements (COD) is the unknown function and the traction is the right hand terms. The appropriate quadrature formula is adapted to solve the integral equation numerically and the stress intensity factor (SIF) is computed. The behaviour of SIF at crack tips is analysed. Numerical examples show that the SIF increases as the angle of inclined cracks and the distance of cracks from the boundary of half-plane increase. Our results are agreeable with the previous works.
Characterization of Essential Protein in Aging Based on Network Analysis
Authors: Syukor H , Sakhinah A B
Published: November 2019

The aging process is a process experienced by all living organisms. For human beings, this process occurs gradually starting at a young age. It is believed that proteins in some parts of the human brain play an important role in the aging process. Therefore, the protein interaction network for the aging process is aimed at obtaining characterization of essential proteins. Samples of proteins are obtained from ArrayExpress. Subsequently, data from Data of Interacting Protein (DIP) is used to obtain the connected proteins to generate network interactions for the aging process. A total of 38 networks are produced by age and gender, however we only focus on 24 networks that belong to 2 age classes. Using information from GeneAge, essential proteins for the aging process are extracted from all generated networks. Thereafter, five measurements were used to characterize all the essential proteins which are Degrees, Closeness Centrality, Betweenness Centrality, Local Clustering Coefficient and Number of Triangles. The results showed four out of five measurements were able to provide the main characteristics of essential proteins in which Degrees, Betweenness Centrality, Local Clustering Coefficients and Number of Triangles. All the characteristics of this protein are compared to age group and gender. Each age group and gender assigned different major protein markers. Therefore, a unique protein, which is the essential protein that “stands out” from other essential proteins based on every measurement in each class age and gender are identified. This analysis shows that there are several unique essential proteins to men and women that each have a distinctive characteristic in the protein interaction network for the aging process.
Effects of partial slip on micropolar fluid flow and heat transfer over a permeable shrinking sheet with thermal radiation and convective boundary condition
Authors: Faizal N F A , Hafidzuddin M E H , Arifin N M , Wahi N
Published: November 2019

In the presence of thermal radiation, partial slip and convective boundary condition, micropolar fluid flow and heat transfer over a shrinking sheet has been studied. The problem is modeled as a mathematical formulation that involves a system of the partial differential equation. The similarity approach is adopted and self-similar ordinary differential equations are obtained and then those are solved numerically using the shooting method. The flow field is affected by the presence of physical parameters, such as micropolar parameter, wall mass transfer parameter and slip parameter whereas the temperature field is affected by thermal radiation, Biot number and Prandtl number. The skin friction, couple stress and heat transfer coefficients are tabulated and analyzed. The effects of the governing parameters on the velocity, angular and temperature profiles are illustrated graphically. Dual solutions of velocity, angular velocity and temperature are obtained for several values of the each parameter involved. Results shows that, the thickness of boundary layer decline as skin friction coefficient decreases for both solution as the velocity slip increases while for heat transfer coefficient, the physically increases of Biot number corresponding to increment of temperature distribution.
Approximate relations between Manhattan and Euclidean distance regarding Latin hypercube experimental design
Authors: Uddin Jamali A R M Jalal , Alam Md. Asadul
Published: November 2019

Among several existing distance measures, perhaps Euclidean distance is the most used tool to calculate distances and then Manhattan distance measure, though which distance measure is suitable depends on the problems. In the field of Design of Experiments (DoEs) especially in simulation domain Latin Hypercube design (LHD) is a well-known approach to find out design points for experiments/simulations. Generally, randomly generated LHDs show poor space-filling property. But space-filling is one of the most required impotent properties for DoE. So researchers search optimal LHD in the sense of space-filling. Some authors considered Euclidean distance measure on the other hand some other authors considered Manhattan distance measure to find out optimal LHD regarding space-filling. It is obvious that both optimal LHDs are not identical. So it is a crucial asked - which measure provided better space-filling? The main problem is that there is no any relation among the distance measures especially Euclidean distance measure and Manhattan distance measure. In this article we have established some relations and bounds between Euclidean distance measures and Manhattan distance measures in perspective of LHD. Finally some experimental results are compared namely maximin LHDs measured by both Euclidean distance measure and Manhattan distance measures by using some proposed transformation techniques.
The impact of the magnetic field and viscous dissipation on the thin film unsteady flow of GO-EG/GO-W nanofluids
Authors: Rehman Ali , Salleh Zabidin , Gul Taza
Published: November 2019

The unsteady flow of nanoliquid film over a flexible surface has been inspected. The water and ethylene glycol are used as the base liquids for the graphene oxide platelets. The comparison of the two sorts of the nanoliquids has been used for the heat transfer enhancement applications. The thickness of the nanoliquid film kept variable under the influence of applied magnetic field and viscous dissipation. The governing equations for the flow problem have been altered into the set of nonlinear differential equations. The BVP 2.0 package has been used for the solution of the problem. The sum of the square residual error has been calculated up to the 10th order approximations. It has been observed that the graphene oxide ethylene glycol based nanofluid (GO-EG) has more efficient for the heat transfer enhancement as compared to the graphene oxide water based nanofluid (GO-W). The impact of the physical parameters has been plotted and discussed. The problem has been solved through homotopy analysis method (HAM) as described by Liao et al. [26]. This method is frequently used for the solution of nonlinear problems and show that this method is quickly convergent to the approximate solution. This method gives us series solution in the form of function and all the physical parameter of the problem involved in this method.
Formulation of Dusty Micropolar Fluid Mathematical Model
Authors: Dasman A , Arifin N S , Kasim A R M , Yacob N A
Published: November 2019

Dusty micropolar fluid model is a new generation of fluid model that is embedded with the dust particles which having micro rotation behavioural. The proposed model will incorporate with thermal boundary condition known as Newtonian heating (NH). This paper aims to present the details of formulation on mathematical model of dusty micropolar fluid starting with its basic equations until obtaining a set of solvable form of equations. The derivation of equations involves two set of equations which covering the fluid and dust phases respectively. In order to decrease the complexity, the respective model will be undergoing the suitable similarity transformations to transform the equations into the solvable form. The numerical solution presented by compared with previous study to check the validity of the model. The resulting equation will give advance understanding on dusty micropolar fluid model to the researchers especially mathematician and fluid mechanist.
Mixed Convection Flow of Brinkman Type Hybrid Nanofluid Based on Atangana-Baleanu Fractional Model
Authors: Shafie Sharidan , Saqib Muhammad , Khan Ilyas , Qushairi Ahmad
Published: November 2019

The industrial and engineering consumption of nanofluids is increased day by day due to successful implementation. The improved thermophysical properties play a vital role in the efficiency of nanofluids in convections processes. But this technology is not stopped here and reached to the next level by introducing hybrid nanofluids. Hence, this article is dedicated to focus on the mixed convection flow hybrid nanofluid. The hybridized nanoparticles of copper and alumina are dissolved in water as a base fluid to form a suspension. The Atangana-Baleanu fractional model is considered for flow demonstration over a vertical plate. The fractional PDE’s of the model is subjected to physical initial and boundary conditions. It is assumed that the electrically conducting laminar incompressible flow is under the influence of a magnetic field of variable direction. The Laplace transform technique is implemented to develop exact solutions for the problem under consideration. To explore the behavior of flow parameters, the obtained solutions are numerically computed and displayed in various figures with a physical explanation. It is found that the velocity and temperature profiles behave alike for fractional parameter α . Both the profiles decrease with increasing values of α . However, the trend of these profiles is opposite for volume concentration Φhnf
of hybrid nanofluid. The velocity profile decreases with increasing values of Φhnf
whereas, the temperature profile increases with increasing values of Φhnf
.
Numerical Analysis of Mass Transfer in MHD Nanoparticle Based Crude Oil Flow on a Flat Plate under Various Slip Condition
Authors: Jasim Hayder R , Mohamad M , Fayyadh Mohammed M , Alomari A Tuama , Abdulridha Ali A
Published: November 2019

This work analyzed of crude oil based nanofluid of Al
2
O
3, Cu, SWCNTs (single walled carbon nanotubes) the mass transfer in two dimensional MHD of incompressible steady, viscous and electrically conducting in the presence of magnetic field over a flat plate under various slip conditions. The result was obtained using similarity transformation and the fourth-fifth order Runge Kutta Fehlberg technique with shooting method using Maple 18. The velocity profile and the nanoparticle concentration were plotted for both low and high velocity slip conditions. Various effects of parameters were tested on the rate of skin friction and mass transfer. The effect that involves the magnetic parameter M, buoyancy ratio G, Schmidt number Sc, velocity slip parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction were analyzed. It was found that magnetic field with Grashof number and Schmidt number parameters are dominant on momentum and concentration dimensionless parameters. Copper with velocity slip 0.1 was higher shear stress then other materials as well as, for SWCNT with velocity slip 1.0 was lower shear stress. Furthermore, copper with velocity slip 0.1 is higher of mass transfer than other materials as well as oxide aluminium is lower compared to other materials with velocity slip 1.0.
MHD Effect on Nano-Maxwell fluid with Cobalt nanoparticles passing over a Plate with Porous medium
Authors: Aman Sidra , Hussanan Abid , Ismail Zulkhibri , Salleh Mohd Zuki
Published: November 2019

This article presents the study on the flow of Nano-Maxwell fluids with cobalt nanoparticles over a vertical plate in a porous medium. Free convection flow and magnetic effects are influencing the flow. The present problem is modelled in terms of PDE’s with boundary conditions. Non-dimensional variables are interposed to transform the governing equations into dimensionless form. The resulting equations are tackled via Laplace transform technique. Exact solutions are evaluated for velocity and temperature. These solutions are significantly controlled by some parameters involved. The present outcomes are compared with previous published results and briefly explained. Increasing the amount of cobalt nanoparticles in the Maxwell fluid causes enhancement in the thermal conductivity, the viscosity forces tend to strengthen as the fluids becomes denser.
Maclaurin Heat Coefficients and Associated Zeta Functions on Quaternionic Projective Spaces Pn(H) (n ≥ 1)
Authors: Awonusika Richard Olu
Published: November 2019

The heat invariants or the Minakshisundaram-Pleijel heat coefficients

a
k
n

=

a
k
n

(M) (k ≥ 0) describe the asymptotic expansion of the heat kernel HM on any N = 4 n-dimensional (n ≥ 1) compact Riemannian manifold M; associated with the coefficients

a
k
n

is the Minakshisundaram-Pleijel zeta function ζM = ζM(s) (s
∈ C). In this paper, we introduce and study a new class of heat coefficients, namely, the Maclaurin heat coefficients

b

2
m

n

=

b

2
m

n

(
t
)

(t > 0 , m 0) (i.e., the coefficients appearing in the Maclaurin expansion of the heat kernel HM(t, θ)) in terms of the classical and generalised Minakshisundaram-Pleijel coefficients

a
k
n

and

a

k
,
j

n
,
m

=

a

k
,
j

n
,
m

(M) (0 ⩽ j ⩽ m) respectively, when M = P
n
(H) (n ≥ 1), a quaternionic projective space. Remarkable asymptotic expansions for the Maclaurin spectral functions

b

2
m

n

(
t
)

are established. We also introduce and construct new zeta functions

Z

p
n

(
H
)

m

(m ≥ 0) associated with these Maclaurin heat coefficients (generalised Minakshisundaram-Pleijel zeta functions), and it is interesting to see that these generalised zeta functions can be explicitly understood in terms of the classical (Minakshisundaram-Pleijel) zeta functions.
Second Hankel determinant for bounded turning functions of order beta of certain subclasses of analytic functions
Authors: Yahya A , Tokachil M N
Published: November 2019

Let U(β, γ, t) denote the generalized class of normalized analytic univalent functions the unit disk, E = {Z:|Z|<1} and satisfy

Re
⁡

{

e

i
β

f
′

(
z
)

h
′

(
z
)

}

〉

γ

where

|
β
|

〈
π
,

c
o
s

(
β
)

〉
γ
,

0
⩽
γ
〈
1
,

h
′

(
z
)

=

1

(

1
−
t
z

)

(

1
−
z

)

,

−
1
〈

t
⩽
1

and z ∈ E. In this paper, we have found upper bound of second Hankel determinant,

|

a
2

a
4

−

a
3
2

|

for f { U (β, γ, t).
Existence of immovability lines of a partial mapping of Euclidean space E5
Authors: Matieva Gulbadan , Abdullayeva Cholpon , Ahmedov Anvarjon
Published: November 2019

It is considered a set of smooth lines such that through a point X ∈ Ω passed one line of given set in domain Ω ⊂ E5. The moving frame

ℜ
=

(

X
,

e
→

i
,

)

(

i
,
j
,
k
=

1
,
5

¯

)

is frame of Frenet for the line ω1 of the given set. Integral lines of the vector fields

e
→

i

are formed net ∑5 of Frenet. There exists a point

F
5
4

∈

(

X
,

e
→

5

)

on the tangent of the line ∑5. When a point X is shifted in the domain Ω the point

F
5
4

describes it’s domain

Ω
5
4

in E5. It is defined the partial mapping

f
5
4

:
Ω
→

Ω
5
4

, such that

f
5
4

:

(
X
)

=

F
5
4

. Necessary and sufficient conditions of immovability and degeneration of lines

(

X
,

e
→

1

)

,

(

X
,

e
→

2

)

and

(

X
,

e
→

3

)

in partial mapping

f
5
4

are obtained.
Algebraic operations on new interval neutrosophic vague sets
Authors: Hashim Hazwani , Abdullah Lazim , Al-Quran Ashraf
Published: November 2019

The interval neutrosophic set plays an important role to handle indeterminacy and inconsistency of information during decision making process. Recently, the interval neutrosophic vague sets have been proposed as an extension of the neutrosophic sets. Similar with other sets, this newly proposed set have to fulfill some algebraic operations. This paper aims to present algebraic operations for the interval neutrosophic vague sets. Some algebraic operations on interval neutrosophic vague set are introduced. Specifically, algebraic operations of addition, multiplication, scalar multiplication and power for the interval neutrosophic vague sets are presented. In addition, several related examples are also presented together with supporting proofs.
A Note of The Linear Equation AX = B with Multiplicatively-Reguler Matrix A in Semiring
Authors: Ariyanti Gregoria
Published: November 2019

Semiring is a form of generalization of the ring, where one or more conditions in the ring are removed. An element a is called multiplicatively-regular if there is x so axa = a. In real number algebra, a system of linear equations AX = B has a singular solution if a matrix A has an inverse. Elements of semiring which does not a zero element have no inverse of addition. By reviewing matrix A as a multiplicatively-regular, it is develop of necessary or sufficient condition of semiring. Given a matrix A with the right complement matrix A

r
satisfies AA

r
= 0. The sufficient condition of the linear equations system AX = B has a solution is there exist a matrix B satisfies AA

[openbullet]

B = B and a matrix A has a right complement matrix A

r
.
On solvability of some boundary value problems for the non-local polyharmonic equation with boundary operators of the Hadamard Type
Authors: Turmetov Batirkhan , Muratbekova Moldir , Ahmedov Anvarjon
Published: November 2019

In this paper the solvability problems of some boundary value problems for a non-local polyharmonic equation are studied. A non-local polyharmonic equation is represented by using some orthogonal matrix. The properties and examples of such matrices are given. In the current boundary value problem, which being considered in the paper, the fractional order differentiation operators are used as boundary operators. These operators are defined as derivatives of the Hadamard-Caputo type. Note that in particular cases of the parameters of the boundary conditions we obtain well known conditions of the Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin type problems. For the problems under consideration, theorems on the existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved. The exact solvability conditions for the problem under study are found. In addition, we obtained representation for the solution of the fractional boundary problem for polyharmonic operator.
Transformation of the Mean Value of Integral On Fourier Series Expansion
Authors: Gunawan Gani , Harahap Erwin , Suwanda
Published: November 2019

Approximation of sigma is a damping factor which is obtained through transformation of mean value of integral to the functionality expanded via Fourier series. Where the result of the transformation is in the form of oscillation function, so as to form a modified partial sums of Fourier series. Through modification of the partial sums of Fourier series, the leap (overshoot) near discontinuity points of the oscillations function can be suppressed.
A Bootstrap Simulation for comparison of Group Risk Plan and Multi-Peril Crop Insurance Policy
Authors: Sutomo Valantino Agus , Kusumaningrum Dian , Anisa Rahma , Paramita Aryana
Published: November 2019

Agricultural insurance is one of the solutions for farmers to avoid risks such as climate change, pest, disease and price fall which increase the risk of crop failure. Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) and Jasindo have been using subsidized Multi-Perils Crop Insurance (MPCI) and faced some disadvantages that mainly due to high risk moral hazard, adverse selection, and high administrative costs. Our research provides an alternative policy area yield index insurance known as Group Risk Plan (GRP) to handle this problem. To find homogeneous basis risk in GRP, the data was classified into two categories: up to and above two hectares. Bootstrapping approach was used to find MPCI and GRP indemnity amount for each term of harvesting period. In addition, both parametric estimation and goodness of fit test indicated appropriate distribution used by MPCI and GRP in each term of harvesting period as well. To compare the aggregate loss distribution, the conditional value at risk CV aR(X) measures the mean of excess loss exceeding V aR(X). It reflects how risky and measures the amount of money insurance company should retain. Simulations indicated that MPCI has greater CV aR(X) than GRP, which implies the higher likelihood of loss. The insurance company should have enough reserve for MPCI to cover that loss. On the other hand, the GRP policy that minimizes moral hazard and adverse selection thereby reduces administrative costs and offers potential to market at lower costs, may encourage farmers to do good farming practices that will result in the lower likelihood of loss. Therefore, GRP could be considered as an alternative crop insurance policy in Indonesia.
Online learning environment to enhance HOTS in mathematics using Polya’s problem solving model
Authors: Mustapha Sudirman , Rosli Mohd Shafie , Saleh Nor Shela
Published: November 2019

Low Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among students is a persistent and pervasive challenge in modern classroom. The problem remains for years despite the intensive manoeuvres to solve it. Yet, the need to enhance HOTS is imperative in ensuring quality education. The purpose of this research is to enhance HOTS among students in Mathematics using an online learning environment. The online learning environment was developed based on Polya’s problem solving model. However, the system is not discussed in this paper. There are three research objectives which are to investigate the current HOTS achievement among students, to study the effect of the developed online learning environment in nurturing HOTS among samples and finally to study how learning process taken place to achieve HOTS among sample while engaging the system. This research implemented experimental research design with a set of pre and posttest and the developed online learning environment as intervention. A total of 76 samples were sampled for the preliminary study and another 32 samples for the four weeks treatment using cluster random sampling technique. Samples are from three schools from a district in Malaysia. Finding shows that the current HOTS achievement among students are still low at mean = 32.05, σ = 15.87. During the intervention, samples show improvement in their HOTS from mean = 39.52, σ = 11.65 in the pretest to higher level in the posttest at mean = 77.84, σ = 12.84. The Paired-Samples T Test conducted to identify the differences between the pre and posttest shows a statistically significant difference at t (31) = -11.58, p < 0.05. Indicating that an online learning environment using Polya’s problem solving for four weeks enhance HOTS among samples. The process of how samples achieve HOTS is also reported. This research shows the importance of integrating technology and inquiry in modern classroom to increase students’ thinking skill ability. Finding suggests that HOTS can be nurtured via technology enhanced learning environment.
Direct multistep method for solving delay differential equation with boundary conditions
Authors: Jaaffar N T , Majid Z A , Senu N
Published: November 2019

This study will consider the implementation of direct multistep method for solving Delay Differential Equations (DDEs) with boundary conditions. The approach of this method is solving DDEs directly using the proposed method without reducing to the system of first order. To execute the direct multistep method to solve Boundary Value Problems (BVPs), we apply the shooting technique by using Newton’s method to compute the guessing value. Some numerical examples are presented to show that the proposed method are capable for solving DDEs with boundary conditions.
Speech recognition using Dynamic Time Warping (DTW)
Authors: Permanasari Yurika , Harahap Erwin H. , Ali Erwin Prayoga
Published: November 2019

Sound is one of the most common communication medias used by humans. Every human has different sound characteristics. To recognize the compatibility of a sound, a special algorithm is needed, which is Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). DTW is a method to measure the similarity of a pattern with different time zones. The smaller the distance produced, the more similar between the two sound patterns. Both sound patterns are similar, thus the two voices are said to be the same. The initial data on the speech recognition process is transformed into frequency waves. Pronounce volume, pronunciation time, and noise from the sound around the recording takes place affecting the distance generated. The smaller the effect, the smaller the distance that will be generated.
Quality Solution of Logic Programming in Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Kasihmuddin M S M , Mansor M A , Alzaeemi S , Basir M F M , Sathasivam S
Published: November 2019

The dynamical behaviours of Artificial neural network (ANN) system are strongly dependent by its network structure. In that sense, the output of ANN has long suffered from a lack of interpretability and variation. This has severely limited the practical usability of ANN in doing logic programming. The work presents an integrated representation of 2 Satisfiability (2SAT) in different Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) models. Neuron states of HNN always converge to minimum energy but the solution produced always confined in limited number of solution space. The main purpose of this study is to explore the quality of the solution obtained from HNN. It has been shown that HNN only retrieves limited neuron states with the lowest minimum energy. This finding will lead to a better understand of logic programming in HNN.
Rational bicubic Ball for image interpolation
Authors: Zulkifli N A , Karim S A A , Shafie A , Sarfraz M
Published: November 2019

In this study, a new rational bicubic Ball with six free parameters is proposed for image interpolation. These free parameters can be used to refine the shape of the surface. This rational bicubic Ball function is constructed by using tensor product approach. The proposed scheme is tested to grayscale image upscale. An efficient algorithm is employed to upscales the original image with factor 2 and 4. The effectiveness of proposed scheme is measured in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Feature SIMilarity (FSIM) index including comparison with some existing schemes. Numerical and graphical results for image interpolation are presented by using MATLAB. We found out the proposed scheme resulting with higher PSNR and FSIM and smaller in RMSE. Thus, the new rational bicubic Ball with six parameters is better than the existing schemes.
A comparison study between Doane’s and Freedman-Diaconis’ binning rule in characterizing potential water resources availability
Authors: Chuan Zun Liang , Wan Yusoff Wan Nur Syahidah , Mohd Aziz Mohd Khairul Bazli , Senawi Azlyna , Ken Tan Lit
Published: November 2019

One of the primary constraints for development and management of water resources is the spatial and temporal uncertainty of rainfall. This is due to the stability and reliability of water supply is dynamically associated with the spatial and temporal uncertainty of rainfall. However, this spatial and temporal uncertainty can be assessed using the intensity entropy (IE) and apportionment entropy (AE). The main objective of this study is to investigate the implications of the use of Doane’s and Freedman-Diaconis’ binning rule in characterizing potential water resource availability (PWRA), which the PWRA is assessed via the standardized intensity entropy (IE’) against the standardized apportionment entropy (AE’) scatter diagram. To pursue the objective of this study, the daily rainfall data recorded ranging from January 2008 to December 2016 at four rainfall monitoring stations located Coastal region of Kuantan District Pahang are analyzed. The analysis results illustrated that the use of Doane’s binning rule is more appropriate than Freedman-Diaconis’ binning rule. This is due to the resulted PWRA characteristics using Doane’s binning rule is relatively consistent with practical climate such that the study region is experiencing poor-in-water zone with less amount and high uncertainty of rainfall during the Southwest Monsoon, while abundant and perennial rainfall during the Northeast Monsoon. Furthermore, the use of Doane’s binning rule is more advantages compared to the Freedman-Diaconis’ binning rule with the abstraction of computational cost and time.
Imputation Analysis for Time Series Air Quality (PM10) Data Set: A Comparison of Several Methods
Authors: Shaadan N , Rahim N A M
Published: November 2019

Good quality data is important to guarantee for the best quality results of research analysis. However, the quality of the data often being impacted by the existence of missing values that bring bad implication on the accuracy of analysis and subsequently lead to biased results. In air quality data set, missing values problem often caused by various reasons, for example machine malfunction and errors, computer system crashes, human error and insufficient sampling used. In the case for time series modelling, complete series of data is very important to enable for the model construction. This paper aims to highlight a systematic statistical procedure and analysis on how to investigate the performance of several missing values imputation methods to solve for the problem of missing value existence when data are time series. The knowledge could help researchers to implement a comprehensive procedure in deciding a type of imputation method that suits with their data. A case study was conducted using real data set from Shah Alam air quality monitoring station. The results have shown that the missing data at the monitoring station is completely at random (MCAR). Among six imputation methods compared and based on the performance of indicators such as RMSE, MAE, AI and R2 it is shown that imputation using Kalman Filter using ARIMA model is the best appropriate method for the data set.
An empirical study on the determinants of retirement savings attitude in Malaysia!
Authors: Shariff N S M , Isah N A M
Published: November 2019

The awareness among working individuals in Malaysia to do extra savings for older life is still minimal. This situation involved the younger generation. They think that retirement planning is a burden for them because it involves long-term planning. Nevertheless, the uncertainty and unaware about future risks (inflation, critical illness, etc) may lead to this behavior. Due to such problems, this study aims in discussing the behavior among working individuals on retirement savings at different age of group, education levels, income levels, factors affecting this behavior a and the relationship of these factors towards retirement savings attitude. This study will use survey strategy through questionnaire to collect the primary data (qualitative study). More than 200 individuals participate in this study and each of them is asked to response the questionnaire form to represent population in Malaysia. As such, this study employs several statistical procedures such as factor analysis, t-test, analysis of variance and regression models. The findings of this study reveal that income levels, attitudes towards retirement and future expectation provide significant impact on the retirement savings behavior among adults in Malaysia.
Pricing Critical Illness Insurance Premiums Using Multiple State Continous Markov Chain Model
Authors: Pasaribu U. S. , Husniah H. , Sari RR. K. N. , Yanti A R.
Published: November 2019

Critical Illness Insurance is an insurance product with a lump sum benefit or cash payment if the policyholder is diagnosed with critical illness in an insurance contract. The health state change process can be observed and modeled by a multi-state Markov Chain with a time-continuous parameter. In this article, we will illustrate how the mathematics of Markov Chain can be used to develop a model of state change in critical illness in the case of a cancer patient. Health state changes process in critical illness modeled by four states Markov chain. Using transition probability which is based on transition intensity of continuous Markov chain. We will estimate the transition intensity and used it in a differential equation of transition probability. The application of Markov chain model will be used to estimate the value of the premiums in some of critical illness insurance benefit model. The premiums value will be shown in the table in section five.
Construct Validation in Secondary Data: A Guideline for Medical Data Mining
Authors: Sajid Mirza Rizwan , Muhammad Noryanti , Zakaria Roslinazairimah
Published: November 2019

Construct validation is an important step in the formulation of theory and its testing. Any information infers from the construct and its related hypothesis, without the validation, might be misleading the decision. In the literature, the construct validation guidelines for primary data are available but the exponential usage of secondary data mining approaches in recent times has created its need for secondary data users. However, it is a less addressed domain, specifically for medical sciences due to underdeveloped theoretical foundations of the field. Usually, an assessment of the validity of the secondary data is not performed because primary users already use validation process especially in the tool development phase. Further, secondary data users are more concerned with data mining that is a data-driven approach rather than theoretical knowledge of the field. Therefore, if researchers want to explore the hidden structures of data and try some different combinations of items which were not tested by primary users, then they should validate this newly explored group of items for the creation of knowledge of the particular field. In this paper, a guideline of the construct validation process for secondary data users with its practical issues especially validity and reliability coefficients is discussed. This paper concludes that the construct validation based on secondary data needs special attention of data mining experts and medical researchers while designing the studies to maximize the benefits of the secondary data.
Fuzzy number conjoint method to analyse students’ perceptions on the learning of calculus
Authors: Osman R , Ramli N , Badarudin Z , Ujang S , Ayub H , Asri S N F
Published: November 2019

The fuzzy conjoint method (FCM) based on fuzzy set has been applied in many areas such as education, management and business. However, the FCM uses the fuzzy set to define the membership function of the linguistic values, which the score of weight and overall attribute for different degrees of confidence that cannot be obtained. Besides, the fuzzy set which is in discrete form does not clearly represent human judgement. Thus, in this study, a fuzzy number conjoint method (FNCM) based on triangular fuzzy number is developed. The fuzzy similarity measure based on distance, height and area was used in the procedure. The FNCM was implemented to analyse students’ perception in the learning of calculus at one selected government institution in Selangor, Malaysia. The study involved a set of 5-options Likert scale questionnaire which is in linguistic values of strongly disagree, disagree, indifferent, agree and strongly agree. All the questions were on various items related to the learning of calculus. The findings showed that overall, students agreed at above 0.85 degree of similarity that they perceived positively in the learning of Calculus. The developed FNCM with a degree of agreement for each linguistic value can successfully evaluate the students’ perceptions in the learning of calculus. This study will be as assistance and guidance to academicians and mathematics educators to enhance students’ achievement in the learning of calculus.