bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association of tissue and serum adiponectin levels with the parameters of insulin-resistance in breast cancer patients
Authors: Seker M. , Erkal F. Y. , Bilici A. , Salman T. , Ustaalioglu B. O. , Karaduman M. , Sonmez B. , Gezen C. , Gumus M. , Yaylaci M.
Published: August 2020

e22172

Background: Adiponectin is a novel adipocyte-secreted proteine and associated with insulin-resistant (IR) status, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. The inverse correlation between serum adiponectin levels and breast cancer risk was previously documented. Moreover, the association of high tissue adiponectin levels with breast cancer has been recently reported. In the present study, the relationship among tumor, normal breast tissue and serum adiponectin levels, breast cancer, and the other IR parameters were evaluated. Methods: Fifty-three patients with diagnosed and histologically confirmed breast cancer were included in our study. We analyzed the correlation among the levels of normal and tumor breast tissue adiponectin and serum adiponectin levels. In addition, the association of tissue and serum adiponectin levels with the various classical risk and IR factors, such as body mass index, menopausal status and, tumor size, stage, lymph node status, hormonal status were also studied. Results: Tumor tissue adiponectin levels (56 ± 9.6 ng/ml) were similar with normal breast tissue (56 ± 10 ng/ml) (p>0.05). However, the serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower compared with both normal and tumor tissue (p<0.05). In addition, the inversely association of serum adiponectin levels with tumor tissue adiponectin levels was detected (p=0.001). The inverse correlation between T stage and tumor tissue adiponectin was found (p=0.03). The levels of serum adiponectin were significantly more higher in patients with c- erb-B2 overexpressed (p=0,008). Both nuclear and histologic grade were significantly associated with serum adiponectin levels (p=0.04,p=0.04, respectively). On the other hand, the reverse relationship between nuclear grade and, both tumor (p=0.01) and normal tissue (p=0.009) adiponectin levels was also detected. In subgroup analysis, the correlation among demographic, clinicopathologic, IR parameters, tissue and serum adiponectin levels was not found (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the low serum adiponectin and high normal and tumor tissue adiponectin levels detected in breast cancer patients and serum adiponectin levels inversely associated with tumor tissue adiponectin levels.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Uncommon breast malignancies: Presentation pattern, treatment options and outcome in a single Institution experience
Authors: Bareggi C. , Consonni D. , Galassi B. , Gambini D. , Locatelli E. , Visintin R. , Runza L. , Giroda M. , Reali G. , Tomirotti M.
Published: August 2020

e22174

Background: Uncommon breast tumors are often neglected by large clinical trials, even if their incidence is not so low. Methods: We investigated stage, treatment and outcome of 112 patients affected by uncommon breast cancer, out of 2,185 breast cancer patients diagnosed and followed in our Institution from January 1985 to October 2008. Results: Rare subtypes were represented as follows: tubular 2.7% (58 pts), mucinous 1.1% (25 pts), medullary 1% (21 pts), papillary 0.4% (8 pts). Median age at diagnosis was 56.5 years among patients with tubular histotype, 68.9 years for mucinous, 55 and 61.7 years for medullary and papillary, respectively. Stage I tumors were 87.7% among patients with tubular differentiation, 60% for mucinous, 26.3% for medullary and 50% for papillary, (compared to 45.7% in invasive ductal carcinoma: 1,626 pts). Stage II represented 12.3% among patients with tubular carcinoma, 32% for mucinous, 57.9% for medullary and 37.5% for papillary. Surgical option for stage I and stage II was usually conservative surgery (quadrantectomy, lumpectomy) plus local radiotherapy, followed by estrogenic blockade. In stage III radical mastectomy was often performed, followed by hormonal suppression. Median DFS for patients with tubular cancer was 4.1 years, for mucinous 3.7 years, 10.5 and 5.1 years for medullary and papillary, respectively. Median OS for patients with tubular cancer was 4.3 years, whereas for mucinous 4.2 years, for medullary 11 years and 5.3 years for papillary. Conclusions: In our retrospective analysis, uncommon breast tumors are often diagnosed at limited stages, resulting in good prognosis, with standard treatment. Further studies are warranted for a better management of these diseases.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Association between P53 expression or TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and prognosis in patients with operated invasive breast cancer
Authors: Jeong J. , Chae Y. , Kim J. , Sohn S. , Park H. , Park J. , Yang J. , Park I. , Lee Y.
Published: August 2020

e22175

Background: The present study analyzed the impact of p53 expression and TP53 codon 72 polymorphism on the prognosis in patients with operated invasive breast cancer. Methods: Two hundred thirty-four patients with ductal breast cancer who underwent surgery with curative intent were enrolled in the present study. The tumor expressions of p53, ER, PR, and HER2 were graded immunohistochemically and TP53 codon 72 polymorphism was determined by a PCR-RFLP assay using genomic DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. Results: The median age was 49 (range, 24–82) years, and 134 (57.3%) patients were premenopause at the time of diagnosis. Pathologic stages after surgery were as follows: stage I (n=77, 32.9%), stage II (n=110, 47.0%), and stage III (n=47, 20.1%). Tumor overexpression of p53 protein was observed in 59 (25.2%) patients and was associated with an unfavorable relapse-free survival (RFS) in an univariate analysis adjusted to age, stage, and menstrual status. In a multivariate analysis, p53 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for RFS (HR=2.36; 95% CI=1.09–5.13; p=0.030). However, no associations were observed between the genotype of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and survival or clinicopathologic characteristics. Conclusions: Overexpression of p53 protein can be considered as a prognostic factor for RFS in the breast cancer patients after surgery.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of id1 and id2 proteins (inhibitors of dna binding) expression in human colorectal cell lines
Authors: Calvo B. , Muñoz A. , Jangi M. , Aresti U. , Garcia A. , Alonso A. , Marrodan I. , Moreno A. , Lopez-Vivanco G. , Carrera S.
Published: August 2020

e22179

Background: Id1 and Id2 proteins are negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, a family of components in the transcriptional network regulating cell growth and differentiation. Id1 and Id2 are overexpressed in human colorectal carcinoma and might play a critical role in the malignant cell phenotype. Methods: Two cell-lines were use for the analysis. NCM460: immortal non-tumoral cells from colon mucosa, and Caco-2: epithelial cells from colorectal carcinoma. Cell-lines were transfected with different constructs based on pLXSN vector (Clontech) to overexpress or inhibit the expression of the Id1 and Id2 genes, and then cultured for the analysis. Quantification of Id1 and Id2 expression were assessed by RT-PCR and Western-blot, respectively. A gene expression profile using oligonucleotide microarrays (Agilent Technologies) was performed in each cell line. Results: NCM460 cells and Caco-2 cells overexpressing Id1 (NCM460-Id1 and Caco-2-Id1) showed a statistically significant higher proliferation, invasion and migration, compared with both normal and Id1 inhibited cells. Id2 overexpression was related with a higher invasion capability only in NCM460 cells, without significant effect on proliferation and migration. NCM460-Id1 cells showed overexpression of PTMA, TYMS and LMNB1 genes, whereas HOXB8, LRP1, MMP17, NDRG1, MAP3K10, SCGb3A1 and BBC3 were upregulated. PTP4A1 and DKK1 were overexpressed in Caco-2-Id1 cells, and NDRG1, LRP1, FMOD and ENO1 were repressed. Conclusions: Id-1 expression is associated with proliferation, migration and invasion in both normal and tumoral colonic cell lines, and it is related with regulation of several genes implicated in colorectal cancer phenotype. Id proteins might be a potential target for the development of new antineoplastic agents.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Gene expression profile of human colorectal cancer using oligonucleotide microarray
Authors: Munoz Llarena A. , Garcia A. , Suarez B. , Jangi M. , Garrido P. , Mañe J. , Sancho A. , Martinez A. , Lopez- Vivanco G. , Carrera S.
Published: August 2020

e22182

Background: Current microarray technologies allow the analysis of thousands of genes simultaneously. We analyze the gene expression profile of different samples from human colorectal carcinoma in relation with the clinical stage at diagnosis. Methods: Thirty-one patients were included: 13 with stage II (transmural invasion of the colonic wall without lymph node invasion), 10 with stage III (regional lymph node invasion) and 8 with stage IV at diagnosis (metastatic). RNA was extracted from fresh tumour samples, and the quantity and quality were assessed by spectrophotometric method and capilar electrophoresis. Tumoral samples were hibrizided with a pool containing non-tumoral colonic mucosa from 33 patients with colorectal cancer. Normalized crude data were used for the initial selection of the genes, using several univariate metrics (Matusita, Kullback-Leibler, Bhattachryya). A high confidence Bayesian network was used to compare the best ranked genes with the stage of the tumour at diagnosis. Results: We identified a group of 20 genes with potential prognostic value. Of them, nine genes (HAS1, LO9861, NHLRC2, ATP6V0E2, GTFH2H2, FLJ34077 , CASP12 and RP5–1077B9.4) were able to discriminate cases with stage II-III and those with stage IV, and 11 genes (MEA1, SPRY4, TLR8, SAMSN1, DGCR14, MRCL3, SMAD2, SFRS12, LAPTM4A, CD18 and FAM111A) could discriminate between patients with stage II or III, in 95% of the cases. Data were validated with 18 new patients with colorectal cancer using a quantitative method (RT- PCR). Conclusions: Only few genes are able to discriminate the clinical stage of the tumour at diagnosis with a fresh sample of the primary. Patients with an unfavourable signature might benefit of a more extensive initial work-up.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Incidence of triple negative breast cancer phenotype in a predominantly Hispanic cohort
Authors: Khan A. , Tovar Y. E. , Rodriguez C. , Huerta A. L. , Rajabi B. , Hakim M. N. , Mulla Z. D.
Published: August 2020

e22188

Background: In daily oncology practice, triple-negative invasive breast cancer is defined by negative immunohistochemistry for ER, PR and HER-2. Patients with this phenotype experience poor prognosis due to limited treatment options and intrinsic tumor biology. In a population-based case-control study, the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (Carey et al, JCO, 2004: suppl; abstr 9510), the triple-negative phenotype in African-American women represented 33.9% of the tumors. We aimed to identify the incidence of triple-negative invasive breast cancer in a group of women living in a predominantly Hispanic population on the Texas- Mexico border. Methods: We collected retrospective data for all invasive breast cases diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2008 at our affiliated county hospital. Clinical and pathological features were summarized. ER, PR and HER-2 was performed by immunohistochemistry. Results: 309 patients with invasive breast cancer were identified. 23.9% (74 patients) of all breast cancer patients were triple-negative. 70 of the 74 subjects (94.6%) were Hispanic. There was equal distribution of patients over and under the age of 50. Histologically all cases were invasive ductal carcinoma. The vast majority had grade 3 tumors (82%) with a high Ki-67 proliferative index (97%). Lymphovascular invasion was present in 38 patients (51.4%). Distant metastases at diagnosis was found in 4 patients (5.4%). Conclusions: In our population-based study the proportion of triple-negative invasive breast cancer phenotype was not as high as in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, but does reflect that a quarter of the patients with invasive breast cancer in this growing Hispanic population may carry this phenotype. The triple-negative phenotype was strongly associated with high tumor grade and proliferative index.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Epidemiology of cancer in Afghanistan
Authors: Pendharkar D. , Salim-Ul-Zaman H.
Published: August 2020

e22200

Background:Cancer statistics from Afghanistan is not available. Aim of the exercise was to see pattern of cancer in the region. The analysis was done by inviting existing patients in a cancer assistance camp organized in Kabul Afghanistan. There are no existing cancer registries or treatment facilities in the country. Patients travel to neighboring states for treatment. Methods: Cancer assistance camps are one of the unique way to offer some medical as well as social and educational support to the patients and their families. National cancer Society an NGO from Delhi, India, organized two such camps at Kabul. Media advertisement was used to invite cancer patients and relatives. Overall about 350 patients were examined. Data from these patients were analysed. Results: Overall the commonest malignancy was found to be esophageal cancer. Nearly 25 % of the patients presented with signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer. GE junction tumors were common as well. Second commonest problem was lung cancer. Cases of head and neck cancer were not as common. Amongst females breast cancer was found to be commonest and about 15 % of ladies had female cancer. Evaluation of the probable causes of very high incidence of esophageal cancer was carried out by analyzing food habits. The population had unique habit of using large quantity of red barbeque meat. Large quantity means beyond A kilogram per day. The food is barbecued on wood and eaten without any spices.Similar analysis from similar altitude in Kashmir region of India, had shown very high incidence of GE junction and stomach cancer. The food pattern is similar except that the barbecued food is added with spices. Conclusions: The incidence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is unexpectedly high. There is a definite need to study causative mechanisms in the Himalayan part. These areas could serve as good models for preventive strategies as well as clinical trials for upper GI cancer.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
HER-2, Hormone Receptors, and clinicopathologic characteristics in Uruguayan breast cancer patients
Authors: Delgado L. B. , Fresco R. , Santander G. , Aguiar S. , Camejo N. , Ferrero L. , González V. , Heinzen S. , Martinez A. , Sabini G.
Published: August 2020

e22202

Background: Few Latin-American studies and none Uruguayan study have evaluated HER-2, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer (BC). The purpose of the study was to investigate the frequency of these markers and the relationship between them and with clinicopathologic features in Uruguayan BC patients (pts). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical records from pts who underwent curative surgery for stage I-III invasive BC at the Oncology Units of 4 institutions in Montevideo between march 2006 and march 2008. We obtained the following data: age, TNM, ER/PR status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and HER2 status by IHC and FISH in HER2 IHC 2+. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the data. Results: 427 pts were included. Median age was 60 years-old (range: 24–93 y), postmenopausal 75%, stages: I 33%, II 42%, III 23%, unknown 2%. ER/PR status was known in 94,6% of cases: ER+/PR+ 66,1%, ER+/PR- 11,1%, ER-/PR+ 3,5%, ER-/PR- 19,3%. HER2 status was known in 47% (199/427) of cases, being positive (IHC 3+ or FISH+) in 13.6%. Triple negative tumors were found in 32 of 199 pts (16%). HER2 was positive in 8% of pts with ER+ and/or PR+ tumors, and in 18% of pts with ER-PR- disease (p=0.08). We did not find a significant association between axillary lymph node status and HER2 status. Besides, triple negative BC did not correlate with axillary lymph node status. When analized by menopausal status, the frequency of triple negative pts was 14% in the premenopausal group and 4% in the postmenopausal group (p=0.005). In addition, the rate of triple negative BC was 0% in pts with histologic grade 1 and 10% in pts with histologic grade 2–3 (p = 0.0005). Conclusions: Our data from Uruguayan pts show a lower prevalence of HER2 positive but a similar prevalence of ER+ and PR+ operable BC than the prevalence reported in most American and European studies. In accordance with previous reports, triple negative BC correlated with younger age and higher histologic grade.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A prospective, randomized trial of chemotherapy with or without the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin in patients (pts) with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC): Results of the CONKO 004 trial
Authors: Riess H. , Pelzer U. , Deutschinoff G. , Opitz B. , Stauch M. , Reitzig P. , Hahnfeld S. , Hilbig A. , Stieler J. , Oettle H.
Published: August 2020

LBA4506

The full, final text of this abstract will be available in Part II of the 2009 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings, distributed onsite at the Meeting on May 30, 2009, and as a supplement to the June 20, 2009, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Carboplatin plus paclitaxel versus carboplatin plus stealth liposomal doxorubicin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC): Final results of the MITO-2 randomized multicenter trial
Authors: Pignata S. , Scambia G. , Savarese A. , Sorio R. , Breda E. , Ferrandina G. , Gebbia V. , Musso P. , Gallo C. , Perrone F.
Published: August 2020

LBA5508

The full, final text of this abstract will be available in Part II of the 2009 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings, distributed onsite at the Meeting on May 30, 2009, and as a supplement to the June 20, 2009, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Llgl1 regulates zebrafish cardiac development by mediating Yap stability in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Flinn Michael A. , Otten Cécile , Brandt Zachary J. , Bostrom Jonathan R. , Kenarsary Aria , Wan Tina C. , Auchampach John A. , Abdelilah-Seyfried Salim , O'Meara Caitlin C. , Link Brian A.
Published: August 2020

The Hippo-Yap pathway regulates multiple cellular processes in response to mechanical and other stimuli. In Drosophila, the polarity protein Lethal (2) giant larvae [L(2)gl], negatively regulates Hippo-mediated transcriptional output. However, in vertebrates, little is known about its homolog Llgl1. Here, we define a novel role for vertebrate Llgl1 in regulating Yap stability in cardiomyocytes, which impacts heart development. In contrast to the role of Drosophila L(2)gl, Llgl1 depletion in cultured rat cardiomyocytes decreased Yap protein levels and blunted target gene transcription without affecting Yap transcript abundance. Llgl1 depletion in zebrafish resulted in larger and dysmorphic cardiomyocytes, pericardial effusion, impaired blood flow and aberrant valvulogenesis. Cardiomyocyte Yap protein levels were decreased in llgl1 morphants, whereas Notch, which is regulated by hemodynamic forces and participates in valvulogenesis, was more broadly activated. Consistent with the role of Llgl1 in regulating Yap stability, cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of Yap in Llgl1-depleted embryos ameliorated pericardial effusion and restored blood flow velocity. Altogether, our data reveal that vertebrate Llgl1 is crucial for Yap stability in cardiomyocytes and its absence impairs cardiac development.
Warmer, faster, stronger: Ca2+ cycling in avian myocardium
Authors: Filatova Tatiana S. , Abramochkin Denis V. , Shiels Holly A.
Published: August 2020

Birds occupy a unique position in the evolution of cardiac design. Their hearts are capable of cardiac performance on par with, or exceeding that of mammals, and yet the structure of their cardiomyocytes resemble those of reptiles. It has been suggested that birds use intracellular Ca2+ stored within the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to power contractile function but neither SR Ca2+ content nor the cross-talk between channels underlying Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release (CICR) have been studied in adult birds. Here we used voltage clamp to investigate the Ca2+ storage and refilling capacities of the SR and the degree of transsarcolemmal and intracellular Ca2+ channel interplay in freshly isolated atrial and ventricular myocytes from the heart of the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). A transsarcolemmal Ca2+ current was detectable both in quail atrial and ventricular myocytes and was mediated only by L-type Ca2+ channels. The peak density of ICa was larger in ventricular cells than in atrial and exceeded that reported for mammalian myocardium recorded under similar conditions. Steady-state SR Ca2+ content of quail myocardium was also larger than that reported for mammals and reached 750.6±128.2 µmol l−1 in atrial cells and 423.3±47.2 µmol l−1 in ventricular cells at 24⁰C. We observed SR-Ca2+-dependent inactivation of ICa in ventricular myocytes indicating cross-talk between sarcolemmal Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors in the SR. However, this phenomenon was not observed in atrial myocytes. Taken together, these findings help to explain the high efficiency avian myocyte excitation-contraction coupling with regard to their reptilian-like cellular ultrastructure.
Case Report: Primary pure clear cell gastric carcinoma
Authors: Ben Ismail Imen , Zenaidi Hakim , Jouini Raja , Rebii Saber , Zoghlami Ayoub
Published: August 2020

Clear cell carcinoma has been described in numerous anatomic sites, but the renal location is the most frequent. Its occurrence in the stomach is exceptional. Here, we report the case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with epigastric pain of four months. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination revealed a polypoid tumor of the greater curvature of the stomach. Biopsies showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with a signet-ring cell component. The CT scan revealed a polypoid mass of the vertical part of the greater gastric curvature. There was no renal lesion. A distal subtotal gastrectomy was performed, and the post-operative course was uneventful. The gross exam showed a 6.5 cm, polypoid ulcerated tumor of the antrum. Histological analysis showed a clear cell gastric carcinoma. The immunohistochemical study, performed to rule out a metastasis from renal carcinoma, showed that tumor cells didn’t express CD10 and vimentin. We therefore retained the diagnosis of a primary gastric clear cell carcinoma. Pure primary clear cell carcinomas of the stomach are exceedingly rare and are associated with a poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry is the cornerstone of the diagnosis of these tumors to rule out metastases from a renal clear cell carcinoma.
Open science approaches to COVID-19
Authors: Tse Edwin G. , Klug Dana M. , Todd Matthew H.
Published: August 2020

In only a matter of months, the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world. The global impact of the disease has caused significant and repeated calls for quick action towards new medicines and vaccines. In response, researchers have adopted open science methods to begin to combat this disease via global collaborative efforts. We summarise here some of those initiatives, and have created an updateable list to which others may be added. Though open science has previously been shown as an accelerator of biomedical research, the COVID-19 crisis has made openness seem the logical choice. Will openness persist in the discovery of new medicines, after the crisis has receded?
REal-time Assessment of Community Transmission (REACT) of SARS-CoV-2 virus: Study protocol
Authors: Riley Steven , Atchison Christina , Ashby Deborah , Donnelly Christl A. , Barclay Wendy , Cooke Graham S. , Ward Helen , Darzi Ara , Elliott Paul ,   REACT study group
Published: August 2020

Background: England, UK has one of the highest rates of confirmed COVID-19 mortality globally. Until recently, testing for the SARS-CoV-2 virus focused mainly on healthcare and care home settings. As such, there is far less understanding of community transmission.

Protocol: The REal-time Assessment of Community Transmission (REACT) programme is a major programme of home testing for COVID-19 to track progress of the infection in the community.

REACT-1 involves cross-sectional surveys of viral detection (virological swab for RT-PCR) tests in repeated samples of 100,000 to 150,000 randomly selected individuals across England. This examines how widely the virus has spread and how many people are currently infected. The age range is 5 years and above. Individuals are sampled from the England NHS patient list.

REACT-2 is a series of five sub-studies towards establishing the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in England as an indicator of historical infection. The main study (study 5) uses the same design and sampling approach as REACT-1 using a self-administered lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test for IgG antibodies in repeated samples of 100,000 to 200,000 adults aged 18 years and above. To inform study 5, studies 1-4 evaluate performance characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 LFIAs (study 1) and different aspects of feasibility, usability and application of LFIAs for home-based testing in different populations (studies 2-4).

Ethics and dissemination: The study has ethical approval. Results are reported using STROBE guidelines and disseminated through reports to public health bodies, presentations at scientific meetings and open access publications.

Conclusions: This study provides robust estimates of the prevalence of both virus (RT-PCR, REACT-1) and seroprevalence (antibody, REACT-2) in the general population in England. We also explore acceptability and usability of LFIAs for self-administered testing for SARS-CoV-2 antibody in a home-based setting, not done before at such scale in the general population.
Technical Note—Data-Based Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Control with Censored Demand and Limited Price Changes
Authors: Chen Boxiao , Chao Xiuli , Wang Yining
Published: August 2020

Pricing and inventory replenishment are important operations decisions for firms such as retailers. To make these decisions effectively, a firm needs to know the demand distribution and its dependency on selling price, which is usually estimated using sales data at various testing price levels. Although more testing prices can lead to a better estimation of the demand–price relationship, frequent price changes are costly and come with adverse effect such as customers’ negative perception. In this article, data-driven algorithms are developed that learn the demand structure with constraints on the number of price changes. These algorithms are shown to converge to the optimal clairvoyant solution, and the convergence rates are the best possible in terms of profit loss.
Conceptions of Vibrational Signatures Based on Chiral/Helical Functionalized Helicenes Nanostructures: Analyzed of Normal and Identical Modes
Authors: Koudjina Simplice , Kanhounnon Wilfried G. , Kpotin Gaston A. , N’Guessan Nobel Kouakou , Atohoun Guy Y. S.
Published: August 2020

Optoelectronics properties as helical molecular fingerprints have been investigated on a set of Helicenes molecules, which form a particular class of compounds and exhibit both π-electron delocalization and chiral properties. In this paper, we investigate the IR and Raman signatures of four representative Helicenes: Hexahilicene (Hexa-Helicene), tetrathia-[7]-helicene (Helicene-4S), and its pyrrole (Helicene-4N) and furan analogs (Helicene-4O), under the visible wavelength of 532 nm. Correctly, the impact of the method of calculation on these signatures has been pointed out. The simulation of the IR and Raman signatures involves two different steps: the evaluation of the vibrational frequencies and normal modes and the calculation of the Cartesian derivatives of electric properties. While most of the time, all the quantities are evaluated with a single method, we believe that this should not be the case since both steps have not the same requirements in terms of computational methods. Density functional theory has been then used with different exchange-correlation functional and Coupled Perturbed Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock (CP-TDHF) for the electric properties investigations. It comes out of the results that B3LYP, B3P86, and PBE0, reproduces better experimental spectra. The impact of the electron correlation as view one the XC functional on the evaluation of the Cartesian derivatives of the electric properties were found to be somewhat limited. Overall, the most crucial point is to have an accurate description of the normal vibrational modes via the choice of appropriate XC functionals, which describe the experiment results.
Multi-hyperbolic sine-correlated beams and their statistical properties in turbulent atmosphere
Authors: Song Zhenzhen , Zhao Daiyue , Han Zhiyuan , Ye Jingfei , Wang Junfeng , Sun Tingting , Liu Zhengjun , Liu Shutian , Liu Bo
Published: August 2020

We introduce a partially coherent beam, called a multi-hyperbolic sine-correlated (MHSC) beam, by employing a multi-hyperbolic sine function to modulate the spectral degree of coherence. Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and second-order moments of the Wigner distribution function, we derive the analytical expressions for the spectral intensity, the root-mean-square (rms) angular width and the

M
2

factor in turbulent atmosphere. Numerical results show that the intensity profile, which keeps the dark-hollow invariant in free space, will be gradually destroyed by the turbulence along the propagation distance. We believe that the MHSC beams have significant advantage over the hyperbolic sine-correlated beams for reducing the turbulence-induced degradation, especially for the MHSC beams with a higher beam order

N

. The effects of the beams parameters and the turbulent atmosphere on the beam quality are analyzed in detail.
Concentration dependence of two-photon absorption in PMMA polymeric films doped with rhodamine laser dyes
Authors: Asane J. K. , Noginov M. A.
Published: August 2020

We have studied poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films doped with
rhodamine 6G and rhodamine B laser dyes as potential nonlinear
material components for nanophotonics. For both dyes, the optimal
concentrations, at which the emission excited via the
two-photon-absorption (TPA) process is maximized, have been
determined. Despite relatively large values of TPA cross sections
obtained in this study, the characteristic pumping densities needed to
observe pronounced nonlinear effects substantially exceed the laser
damage threshold for Au or alternative plasmonic materials. This makes
the studied laser dyes unsuitable for some of the intended
nanophotonics applications.
High-sensitivity temperature sensor based on anti-resonance in high-index polymer-coated optical fiber interferometers
Authors: Lian Xiaokang , Wu Qiang , Farrell Gerald , Semenova Yuliya
Published: August 2020

Compared to the multimode interference (MMI) effect, the anti-resonance (AR) effect does not rely on the multimode property of the optical waveguide. This Letter shows that fiber bending can suppress the MMI and can break the superposition of AR spectra of multiple modes in a high-index polymer-coated optical fiber interferometer based on a single-mode fiber—polymer-coated no-core fiber—single-mode fiber hetero-structure. This results in the dominance of the AR spectrum of an individual mode and consequently in periodic sharp transmission dips. As a result of this phenomenon and large thermo-optical and thermal expansion coefficients of the polymer, a compact, high-sensitivity and linear response temperature sensor with the sensitivity as high as

−

3.784

n
m

/

∘

C

has been demonstrated experimentally.
Death by a thousand spills: How corporate branding and media strategies downplay the risk of offshore oil spills in Canada
Authors: Avery Dwayne
Published: August 2020

On 15 November 2018, Newfoundland experienced its largest oil spill. The disaster saw the SeaRose platform disperse 250,000 litres of oil into the Atlantic. Despite the accident’s unprecedented nature, Husky Energy (the company responsible for the spill) minimized the public’s perception of potential ecological risks by transforming the disaster into an everyday fact of life. Focusing on Husky’s mediation of the spill, this article shows how Husky’s visual representation of small offshore spills erases their actual impact as cumulative environmental hazards. The regularity of ‘minor’ oil spills, I argue, forms a category of chronic disasters obscured by an ‘emergency frame’ that defines ecological catastrophes as acute, traumatic and exceptional. Unlike eruptive and explosive spills, Husky visualized the SeaRose spill as a benign event, drawing attention away from the ongoing and incremental nature of oil pollution. In this way, Husky’s representation of the spill produced more public relief than alarm.
El holobionte/hologenoma como nivel de selección: Una aproximación a la evolución de los consorcios de múltiples especies
Authors: Suárez Javier
Published: August 2020

The units or levels of selection debate concerns the question of what kind of biological systems are stable enough that part of their evolution is a result of the process of natural selection acting at their level. Traditionally, the debate has concerned at least two different, though related, questions: the question of the level at which interaction with the environment occurs (which entity acts as an interactor), and the question of the level at which reproduction occurs (which entity acts as a replicator or reproducer). In recent years, biologists and philosophers have discussed a new aspect of this debate, namely the possibility that certain multi-species consortia formed by a host and its microbiome (holobionts/hologenomes) may act as a unit of selection. This thesis, however, has not been without criticism, as it is doubtful that such consortia could meet the conditions required to achieve the degree of stability that would allow them to experience natural selection. The purpose of this paper is to systematically examine such criticisms and to defend the thesis that the holobiont/hologenome can act as a genuine level of selection both in the form of an interactor and in the form of a reproducer. To do so, it will be argued that the microbiome should be characterized in functional rather than taxonomic terms.
Isolation and characterization of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Tham Thi , Vu-Khac Hung , Nguyen Tan Duc
Published: August 2020

Background and Aim: Clostridium perfringens can cause enteritis in ostriches. The toxin release is believed to play a major role in determining pathogenesis properties of these pathogenic bacteria. This study was conducted to isolate and characterize C. perfringens strains from ostriches in Vietnam for identifying if particular virulence factors of these pathogenic bacteria are associated with enteritis progress in ostriches.

Materials and Methods: The prevalence of cpa, cpb, iA, etx, cpe, and cpb2 genes among C. perfringens isolates was determined by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The NetB toxin-encoding gene was detected by PCR and then sequenced to observe their variation. The expression of NetB toxin was checked by SDS-PAGE.

Results: A total of 116 C. perfringens isolates were obtained from 318 fecal samples and 105 intestinal organs. Of 80 isolates from fecal samples, 33 isolates were from healthy and 47 isolates were from diseased ostriches. The results of multiplex PCR showed that all 116 C. perfringens strains from healthy and enteric disordered ostriches were positive for the alpha toxin-encoding gene (cpa). The cpe and cpb2 genes were found in only one and five diseased ostriches, respectively. The netB gene was detected in 1/33 (3.03%) C. perfringens isolates from healthy ostriches, in 8/47 (17.05%) isolates from feces, and in 7/36 (19.44%) intestinal contents of diseased ostriches. The full-length sequences of 5 out of 15 netB-positive isolates from diseased ostriches showed 100% identity to each other as well as to the netB sequences available in GenBank. All of these five isolates produced NetB toxin in vitro.

Conclusion: Type A is the most prevalent among C. perfringens isolates from ostriches in Vietnam. Especially, the study provides data emphasizing the role of NetB toxin in causing necrotic enteritis by C. perfringens in ostriches.
IMPLEMENTASI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR: 30/PUU-XVI/2018 MENURUT SISTEM HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hardani Ayuk , Wardhani Lita Tyesta Addy Listiya
Published: August 2020

Pelaksanaan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi sering kali terjadi mengalami berbagai permasalahan. Salah satunya Putusan Mahkamah Kontitusi Nomor 30/PUU-XVI/2018 yang memperluas frasa ’pekerjaan lain’ pada Pasal 182 huruf l Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilu. Perbedaan pendapat mengenai penafsiran pemberlakuan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum bagi para pihak. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 30/PUU-XVI/2018 menurut sistem hukum di Indonesia. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukaan bahwa tidak adanya sinergi antara Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Konstitusi menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dalam pelaksanaan Putusan Mahkamah Kontitusi Nomor 30/PUU-XVI/2018. Namun Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 30/PUU-XVI/2018 atau penafsiran dari Mahkamah Konstitusi yang harus dijadikan pedoman dan dilaksanakan.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG HAK MEREK DAGANG IKEA ATAS PENGHAPUSAN MEREK DAGANG
Authors: Karina Rahmadia Maudy Putri , Njatrijani Rinitami
Published: August 2020

Kasus sengketa merek yang ramai dibicarakan di Indonesia adalah kasus antara PT Inter IKEA System BV Swedia VS PT Ratania Khatulistiwa. Adanya sengketa tersebut menyebabkan PT Ratania Khatulistiwa mengajukan gugatan penghapusan merek IKEA atas produk barang kelas 20 dan 21 yang dimiliki oleh PT Inter IKEA System BV Swedia dikarenakan merek tersebut tidak digunakan dan tidak terlihat dipasaran dalam kurun waktu 3 tahun berturut-turut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kapan PT Inter IKEA System BV Swedia kehilangan hak atas mereknya dan untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak merek dagang IKEA. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah yuridis normatif, yaitu menggunakan bahan kepustakaan sebagai data utama. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah merek IKEA milik PT Inter IKEA System BV Swedia dinyatakan telah dihapus setelah Mahkamah Agung RI mengeluarkan Putusan Nomor 264/K/PDT.Sus-HKI/2015. PT Ratania Khatulistiwa memperoleh perlindungan hukum dari perbuatan hukum pendaftaran merek IKEA yang didaftarkannya di Direktorat Jenderal HKI, serta berdasarkan hukum PT Ratania Khatulistiwa dapat menjadi pihak ketiga yang diizinkan untuk mengajukan permohonan penghapusan merek IKEA yang tidak digunakan oleh PT Inter IKEA System BV Swedia, walaupun PT Ratania Khatulistiwa bukan merupakan pendaftar pertama atas merek IKEA tersebut.
KEADILAN TERHADAP DOKTER PADA KASUS PENGGUNAAN OBAT YANG BELUM TERDAFTAR DI BPOM REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Masputra M Hendra Cordova , Setiyono Joko , Irawati Irawati
Published: August 2020

Penggunaan obat ataupun krim yang diberikan oleh dokter klinik kecantikan tidak lepas dari supervisi berasal Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Tidak jarang Dokter ternyata tidak mengetahui bahwa obat yang diberikan belum tercatat pada BPOM.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis Keadilan dalam pemberian pidana terhadap dokter terkait penggunaan obat yang belum terdaftar di BPOM. Metode Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Putusan terhadap terdakwa dinyatakan bersalah karena menggunakan obat-obatan yang belum terdaftar di BPOM, karena ketidaktahuan terhadap obat digunakan belum terdaftar di BPOM. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kasus dalam Putusan Nomor 2008 K/Pid.Sus/2016, secara legal memang bersalah, namun. Seharusnya hakim dapat mempertimbangkan tindakan untuk dapat memberikan keringanan terhadap Dr. Trifena terhadap ketidaktahuannya. Sebagai Aparat penegak hukum menjadi salah satu lembaga yang sangat penting dalam menegakkan hukum yang ada. Berjalannya suatu keadilan dan kepastian hukum di dalam pengadilan tergantung pada setiap keputusan dari hakim.
AKOMODASI PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG DALAM ASPEK HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN NASIONAL
Authors: Sitania Lourensy Varina , Suponyono Eko
Published: August 2020

Human Trafficking atau perdagangan orang merupakan kejahatan yang menjadi sorotan dunia dan terorganisir, dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi informasi, komunikasi dan transportasi yang memberikan akses kepada kejahatan tersebut menjadi terstruktur dan sistematis. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah ini untuk melihat tindakan yang telah dilakukan negara Indonesia dalam memberantas tindak pidana perdagangan orang sejalan dengan pengakomodasian ketentuan protokol palermo tahun 2000. Dilihat pada bagaimana korban diberikan perlindungan dan mengetahui sanksi aturan hukum yang diratifikasikan ke dalam hukum nasional memiliki kekuatan hukum yang mengandung efek jerah terhadap pelaku kejahatan, dalam hal pelaksanaan penegakan hukum. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan komparatif, dimana melihat ketentuan hukum dalam pencegahan permasalahan dan dari kaijan bahan hukum maupun artikel yang membahas tentang pemberantasan perdagangan manusia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Human Trafficking telah menjadi kejahatan yang berkembang dimana dalam hal pencegahan tindak pidana yang menjadi kekuatan bagi negara untuk memerangi kejahatan tersebut.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pengakomodasian Protokol Palermo dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang  di Indonesia, yang dikeluarkan oleh bangsa-bangsa dan negara yang memerangi adanya perdagangan orang dalam memberikan sanksi terhadap pelaku dan memberikan perlindungan terhadap korban kejahatan dalam memberikan kesejahteraan bagi bangsa dan negara.
Solid Concentration Effect for Solvent Extraction Process of Oily Contaminated Soil
Authors: Fitriyani Lely , Karadena Edwan , Sukandar Sukandar
Published: August 2020

Solvent extraction has been used as a method to wash oil content of oily contaminated soil in industry for years. Some solvents and temperature ranges has been chosen to increase the oil recovery rate of extraction process, however only few studies reported that it has been able to reach remaining Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) less than 0.5% in less than 30 minutes. During the experiments, acetone and toluene chosen to extract oil content from contaminated soil by using solvent extraction process. Temperature selected were between 24°C up to 70°C. Mixing apparatus which has been utilized was centrifugation machine with 1000 rpm (1570 g) operational speed. Duration of treatment process was 10 minutes with some variations of solid to solvent ratio. During the experiments, it was observed that by using toluene and acetone as solvents, the optimum Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) removal obtained at temperature 50°C. In the other hand, optimum solid to solvent ratio toluene ratio was 1:6. As a solvent acetone observed capable to reduce TPH content until below 0.5% as threshold limit for TPH of contaminated soil regulated by environmental regulation in Indonesia. During the experiments it was also observed the dependency of solid concentration (Cs) with dissociation coefficient (KD). In the other hand, heavy metal at the remaining extracted soil after soil washing was observed available in safe concentration to be discharged to the environment base on regulation in Indonesia. Keywords: solvent extraction, soil washing, contaminated soil, TPH, centrifugation, oil sludge, acetone, toluene, solid treatment.
Where from and Where to does the Medical Biology March or History of the Biology Department of the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové
Authors: Červinka Miroslav , Bartoš František , Půža Vladimír
Published: August 2020

When I was invited to assemble the detailed history of Biology Department of our Faculty I went for it under the condition that this achievement would represent the result of a team endeavour where also personal observers would render account of the events witnessed by themselves. That is why I addressed Professor Půža and Professor Bartoš. The memories of these two persons thus also represent a part of this publication. Nevertheless, it turned out that neither their memories were able to cover the earliest period of time shortly after the establishment of our Faculty. Searching had to be spread further more. I was then able to gather quite valuable information concerning the very beginnings of Biology in Hradec Králové from Professor Klen and Professor Fingerland, and also from Mgr. Plášilová and Dr. Panoušek. I want to express my gratitude to all those mentioned above as they considerably helped me to fill in the gaps in the history knowledge of mine. Also the historical photographs carefully stored in the archives of Biology Department proved to be valuable and helpful, as well. Author of most of them had been Professor Srb who also deserves my sincere thanks. I dare to hope that our mutual efforts were thus able to create relatively an objective picture illustrating the history of Department of Biology of the Medical Faculty in Hradec Králové.
The Genesis of General Relativity: Interaction between Einstein’s, Abraham’s and Nordström’s Research Programmes
Authors: Nugayev Rinat M.
Published: August 2020

The arguments are exhibited in favour of the necessity to modify the history of the genesis and advancement of general relativity (GR). I demonstrate that the dynamic creation of GR had been continually governed by internal tensions between two research traditions, that of special relativity and Newton’s gravity. The encounter of the traditions and their interpenetration entailed construction of the hybrid domain at first with an irregular set of theoretical models. Step by step, on eliminating the contradictions between the models contrived, the hybrid set was put into order. It is contended that the main reason of the GR victory over the rival programmes of Abraham and Nordström was a synthetic character of Einstein’s programme. Einstein had put forward as a basic synthetic principle the principle of equivalence that radically differed from that of rival approaches by its open, flexible and contra-ontological character.