bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study to compare the analgesic efficacy of intra-articular Levobupivacaine, Fentanyl and Clonidine following arthroscopic knee surgery
Authors: Abhilash Dash  , Rabi Narayan Dhar  , Sidharth Sraban Routray  , Syed Sabir Ali
Published: March 2021

Arthroscopic knee surgery can produce pain postoperatively which can be very distressing. Many drugs, in various ways, have been tried to overcome this pain. But none found to be most effective. So we have done a study for correlating with the analgesic levobupivacaine efficiency, fentanyl, & clonidine into intra-articular therapy associated with arthroscopic surgeries. This study was conducted from Nov 2019 to April 2020, in which 90 patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery of knee split in 3 classes of 30 each. (L,F,C). Class L was injected 10 millilitre in levobupivacaine of 0.26% e, where Class F was injected 50 mcg fentanyl, and Class C was injected 50 mcg of clonidine in intra-articular therapy after surgery. Time of first analgesia request, no of the analgesic dose required and total rescue analgesic required in postoperative 24 hours were assessed. The pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Demographic characteristics were similar among all the three Class. Time for the need of 1st analgesic request in Class L was 381.57 ± 24.63 min, in Class F was 328.67 ± 20.42 min and in Class C was 238.47 ± 21.93 minutes.(p<0.06) The overall amount of doses of analgesic needed was fewer in Class L (1.21 ± 0.57) in comparison to Class F (1.95 ± 0.42) and Class C (2.12 ± 0.34). (p<0.05) A total dose of paracetamol used was reduced in Class L correlated with Class F and C in 1st 24 hrs postoperatively. (p<0.05) Class F & C has a highest average score of VAS at various time points in  1st 24 hrs correlated with Class L.(p<0.05) Intra-articular levobupivacaine obtained better control of pain in the postoperative period with a delayed time of need of 1st analgesic dose and reduced the need of a total dose of rescue analgesic in comparison to intra-articular clonidine and fentanyl.
Association Between Dry Eye Symptoms and Insomnia
Authors: Nithish raj K  , Bindu Bhaskaran  , Panimalar V  , Veeramani A  , Divya N
Published: March 2021

The objective of our study was to determine the significant correlation between patients with dry eye symptoms and insomnia. The study was conducted among 150 persons at Saveetha medical college and hospital. An evaluation was performed using self-reported structured questionnaires regarding symptoms of insomnia and dry eye, including ocular pain and duration of time they spend on TV/mobile. Then dry eye patients were confirmed by Tear break up time (TBUT), Schirmer test 1, and 2. The Control group (no symptom of dry eye) was chosen randomly and evaluated using the same self-reporting questionnaires. The study was conducted on 150 persons with a mean age of 32 years in Tamil Nadu, India. On analyzing the data collected we have shown that there is a significant association between Dry eye and insomnia using chi-square (44.977), P-value (<0.00001), and "r" value (0.6741). Also, we have shown a significant association between co-morbidity among dry eye patients and poor sleep quality. After analyzing the data collected, we show that there is a positive association between dry eye symptoms and insomnia.
Experimental evaluation of anxiolytic activity in mice using Vacha Churanam
Authors: Anamika P K  , Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser  , Abdul Khayum K
Published: March 2021

Vacha Churanam is an Ayurvedic product. It is commonly given traditionally for memory enhancement, antidepressants, anxiolytic and anti-stress. However, there is no scientific evidence for its anxiolytic activity. Therefore the current study is aimed to validate its anxiolytic activity. Kept mice persuaded the anxiety in the room maintained with a temperature of 40C for two h per day. The Vacha Churanam has administrated doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o for 21 days. The behavioural parameters such as elevated zero maze, light-dark test, Morris water maze, actophtometer, hole board were produced significant activity with Vacha Churanam. The neurotransmitters measures such as dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine esterase measures were also increased in Vacha Churanam treated mice when matched with negative control group mice. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was increased, and lipid peroxidase level was diminished in Vacha Churanam treated mice. It supports the anxiolytic action of Vacha Churanam through an antioxidant mechanism. The Anxiolytic result of Vacha Churanam is associated with essential constituents such as flavonoids, phenolic and steroids.
Impact of adenotonsillectomy on acoustic parameters of voice using GRBAS scale in children
Authors: Adhavan I  , Indu Rajkumar  , Raadhika Shree N
Published: March 2021

Adenoids and tonsils are pharyngeal lymphoid tissue aggregation. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is usually seen in children. Enlarged adenoid and tonsillar tissue in children causes snoring, sleeping disorders, failure to thrive, frequent upper respiratory tract infections and abnormalities in maxillofacial development. Surgical treatment performed for their removal is termed as adenotonsillectomy. This is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. The present study was conducted to compare the voice change using the GRBAS scale before and after adenotonsillectomy. This is a prospective study conducted for three months at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in our tertiary care center. Voice of 35 children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy is analyzed by GRBAS scale in three stages before the surgery, three weeks after surgery and six weeks after surgery. The resulting voice quality improvement is noted in these children after adenotonsillectomy. This study showed that surgical procedures of adenotonsillectomy do not induce drastic adjustments in sound quality and can be performed safely in children. Post-operative voice changes are a significant concern issue among the parents of the children.
Macroscopic And Microscopic Diagnostic Features Of Erythrina Subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr
Authors: Ganesh S  , Vijey Aanandhi M
Published: March 2021

This study provides a deep insite on thePhytomorphology and Plant anatomy of Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr family- Fabaceae. Phytomorphology deals with external shape, structure and physical form, while plant anatomy deals with internal structure mostly at microscopic/cell level. Both Anatomy and morphology play a vital role in that physical characteristic of an internal and external plant during different ages of plants. The purpose of this study is to understand the techniques and basic principal of histochemical and anatomical localization of metabolites in Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr- a widely distributed plant in Western Ghats of India. Using a simple microscope, the initial phase of Phytomorphologyand shape of the vegetative part of leaf were determined which are collected during phenological phase of the flowering period. The current study investigated the anatomical characterization of the lower and upper epidermis and characterized the lamina and petiole of the vegetative part of a leaf. Primary and secondary metabolites of a leaf of Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr was carried out with the aim in improving the Quality, Safety and Efficacy of the herbal medicine. Established macroscopical and microscopical diagnostic features, which will prevent misuse and to avoid process adulteration. The information about this species and this manuscript brings additional data which are studies for the first time according to the author's knowledge. Considerable macroscopical and microscopical, Quantitive and powder microscopic features of the vegetative part of Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr were described in detail.
An Empirical Analysis to Understand Consumer Intention to Use Mobile Payment Platform: The Mediating Role of Trust
Authors: Gill Atif Ali , Ansari Riaz Hussain , Malik Zobia , Tufail Muhammad Waseem
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Money transfer through third-party mobile payment platforms has become common nowadays in western countries. While in developing countries, the adoption of mobile payment channels still at the infancy stage. The current study based on diffusion of innovation theory investigates the antecedents of intention to use mobile payment channels through trust's mediating role.

Methodology: The survey method was used to collect data from the 250 consumers using the mobile payments services of JazzCash and Easypaisa in Pakistan. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique employed to test the collected data statistically.

Findings: Results found the significant impact of mobility, customization, and security on trust that intends to utilize mobile-payment channels.

Implications: The current study's findings provide guidelines to the administration of mobile payment systems to improve security features, mobility, and customization that wins customers' trust and is inclined to use mobile payment platform.
TENDÊNCIA DE ÍNDICES PLUVIOMÉTRICOS NA BACIA DO RIO CAPIBARIBE-PE E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NA GESTÃO DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS (TREND INDEX OF RAINFALL IN BASIN CAPIBARIBE RIVER AND IMPACTS IN WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT)
Authors: Souza Werônica Meira , SALGUEIRO JOÃO BRITTO , PINTO EBER ANDRADE , MONTENEGRO SUZANA , SILVA BERNARDO BARBOSA
Published: March 2021

O aumento de desastres naturais causados por eventos extremos de precipitação marcaram historicamente a bacia do rio Capibaribe. Grandes cheias e secas severas repercutiram diretamente no planejamento e gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos. Neste trabalho, as tendências nas precipitações foram avaliadas segundo espacialização dos seus valores positivos e negativos. Tais valores foram obtidos a partir de regressões lineares efetuadas nas séries temporais dos índices pluviométricos, recomendados pelo Expert Team on Climate Change Detect on Monitoring and Indices – ETCCDMI. Os índices foram calculados com o auxilio do software RClimdex e validados segundo seus erros padrão e significâncias estatísticas. Como resultado, as tendências obtidas evidenciaram, para um cenário atual e futuro, aumento significativo das estiagens, acompanhado de redução na precipitação total anual, nos dias chuvosos consecutivos e nas chuvas intensas, na maior parte da bacia, principalmente no Médio Capibaribe.  ABSTRACT The increase of natural disasters caused by extreme precipitation events marked historically river basin Capibaribe. Major floods and severe droughts have affected directly in the planning and management of water resources. In this paper, the trends in precipitation were evaluated according to their spatial distribution of positive and negative values. These values ​​were obtained from linear regressions performed on the time series of rainfall, recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detect on Monitoring and Indices - ETCCDMI. The indices were calculated with the help of software RClimdex and validated according to their standard errors and statistical significance. As a result, the trends obtained showed for current and future scenario, significant increase in the droughts, accompanied by reduction in the total annual precipitation, rainy days in a row and the heavy rains in the most of the basin, especially in the Middle Capibaribe. Keyword - Climate change, Climate extremes, Climate indices, RClimdex
COMPORTAMENTO SAZONAL DO ALBEDO E DOS ÍNDICES DE VEGETAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO ALTO CURSO DO RIO PARAÍBA (Albedo Seasonal Behavior and vegetation indices in the upper basin Paraíba River)
Authors: Santos Francineide Amorim , ALVES TELMA LUCIA , AZEVEDO PEDRO VIEIRA , SANTOS CARLOS
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar as variações do albedo, do índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada (IVDN) e do índice de vegetação para ajustamento do solo (IVAS) para a bacia do alto curso do Rio Paraíba, composta por 18 municípios. Os parâmetros foram obtidos a partir de imagens Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) da plataforma Terra, sendo todas as rotinas computacionais necessárias executadas através do programa ERDAS Imagine 8.5. Foram utilizadas imagens referentes aos dias julianos: 025, 033, 089, 0,97, 137, 169, 201, 233, 273, 281, 313, 337 de 2013. O albedo foi estimado pelos métodos de Liang (2000) e Tasumi et al. (2008) visando a precisão das estimativas. Os resultados evidenciam que a precipitação é identificada como fator de controle decisivo da tendência dos índices de vegetação e, indiretamente, do albedo. O município de Caraúbas foi o que apresentou menor índice de vegetação, tanto pelo IVDN quanto pelo IVAS, enquanto o município de São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro apresentou os índices mais elevados. O mês de fevereiro apresentou os maiores valores de albedo para os municípios e menores valores de IVDN. Por outro lado, o mês de maio apresentou os valores menores de albedo e maiores de IVDN e IVAS, devido a curta estação chuvosa na região, que é compreendida entre fevereiro, março e abril.    A B S T R A C T The aim of this study was to present the variations of albedo, index of normalized difference vegetation (NDVI) and the vegetation index adjusted for soil (SAVI) to the basin of the upper course of the Rio Paraiba, composed of 18 municipalities. The parameters were obtained from images Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Earth platform, with all the necessary computational routines performed by the ERDAS Imagine program 8.5 images related to Julian days were used:. 025, 033, 089, 0.97 , 137, 169, 201, 233, 273, 281, 313, 337, 2013. Albedo were estimated by the methods of Liang (2000) and Tasumi et al. (2008) aimed at the precision of the estimates. Results indicateds show that precipitation may be is identified as a decisive factor controlling the trend of vegetation indices and, indirectly, albedo. The municipality Caraúbas showed the lowest vegetation index, NDVI as much by the SAVI, while the city of São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro showed the highest levels. The month of February had the highest albedo values for municipalities and lower values of NDVI. Moreover, the month of May had the lowest albedo and higher NDVI values and SAVI due to the short rainy season in the region, comprising between February, March and April. Keywords: Caatinga; wettest quarter; dry and wet seasons.
Estudo dos Padrões Climatológicos do Vento Usando Transformada em Ondeletas (A Study of the Climatological Patterns of the Wind Using Wavelet Transform)
Authors: Moura Marcos Antonio , Carneiro Rayonil Gomes
Published: March 2021

A costa leste do Nordeste Brasileiro (NEB) é palco da ação simultânea de fenômenos transientes que interagem com os sistemas locais, modificando sua frequência e intensidade. Neste trabalho, utiliza-se a técnica de Transformada em Ondeletas (TO) para analisar as séries temporais de magnitude do vento (componente zonal), a fim de aprimorar o entendimento dos sistemas locais de brisas marinhas e terrestres na costa leste de Alagoas. Esta técnica (TO) fornece uma moldura hierárquica que permite a dupla localização em tempo e frequência. Para isso foram utilizados os dados horários médios de velocidade do vento no período de Outubro de 2004 a Outubro de 2005 numa área de proteção ambiental da Ilha de Santa Rita, Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas (9° 42’ 18’’ S e 35° 48’ 32’’ W). As características do sinal mostraram a distinção entre as quadras seca e chuvosa. Na quadra seca, prevalecem os sistemas locais. Na quadra chuvosa predominam os sistemas transientes de grande escala, que inibem os efeitos das brisas. Na mesma base de dados, a direção do vento também foi analisada no intuito de revelar uma direção preferencial e sua persistência. Para este fim, foram utilizados gráficos do tipo rosa-dos-ventos e histogramas de frequências. Verificou-se que as maiores amplitudes e persistência dos ventos são de Sudeste (brisas) e foram incrementadas pelos ventos Alísios de SE, que sopraram o ano inteiro, criando uma interferência construtiva no sinal.  A B S T R A C T The eastern coast of Northeastern Brazil experiments a large number of simultaneous weather related transients that interact with the local systems affecting their frequency and intensity. In this study, the wavelet transform is used to analyze time series of the wind magnitude (zonal components) in order to improve our understanding of the sea/land breeze system in the Alagoas State coastal area, Brazil. This technique provides a hierarchical frame that accommodates double location in time and frequency. Hourly data of averaged winds measured at the Ilha de Santa Rita, an ecological park located in Marechal Deodoro (Alagoas (9° 42’ 18’’ S e 35° 48’ 32’’ W ) during October, 2004 – October, 2005 period were used for the above mentioned objective.  The signals clearly identified the dry and rainy four month periods. The local systems prevailed during the dry periods, contrasting with the rainy periods when the transient large scale systems inhibited the breeze circulation. The wind direction was also analyzed using the same data basis in order to detect any preferential direction and  the associated persistence. It was noticed that the largest amplitudes and persistences were related to the southeastern sea/land breezes enhanced by the year around blowing trade winds.   Key words: Local winds, sea/land breezes and wavelet analyzis.
Análise da Tendência Climática nas Séries Temporais de Temperatura e Precipitação de Tucuruí-Pará (Trend Analysis of the Climate in Time Series of Temperature and Precipitation of Pará-Tucuruí)
Authors: Ribeiro Roberta Everllyn Pereira , Ávila Pâmela Ribeiro , Brito José Ivaldo , Santos Elder Guedes , Sousa Leandro Fontes
Published: March 2021

RESUMO Este trabalho tem por objetivo fornecer um breve conhecimento das análises climatológicas da temperatura e precipitação do município de Tucuruí-PA. Abordando pontos como a tendência anual da temperatura e precipitação, e a correlação entre as oscilações interanual e interdecadal dos oceanos atlântico e pacifico sobre a precipitação sazonal de Tucuruí a partir de uma serie de mais de 40 anos de dados. Os resultados mostraram que as menores temperaturas médias do ar ocorrem em fevereiro, as temperaturas médias do ar mais elevadas ocorreram no mês de outubro, a temperatura máxima do ar aumenta continuamente de fevereiro a outubro, decrescendo em novembro. Quando se fala na análise da tendência observou-se que apenas as series de temperaturas médias e mínimas apresentaram uma tendência positiva significativa. Há correlação com significância estatística apenas entre a precipitação das estações outono, inverno e primavera com o índice ODP. Observou-se uma dependência oscilatória entre as chuvas de verão e a OMA; uma dependência quadrática das chuvas de verão e ODP; correlação negativa entre as chuvas de outono e o IME; e correlação negativa entre as chuvas de outono e de inverno com a ODP.      ABSTRACT  This work aims to provide a brief knowledge of the climatological analyzes of temperature and precipitation in the municipality of Tucuruí-PA. Addressing points such as the annual trend of temperature and precipitation, and the correlation between the interannual and interdecadal oscillations of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans on seasonal rainfall Tucuruí from a series of more than 40 years of data. The results showed that the lowest average temperatures occur in February, the average temperatures of the air were higher in October, the maximum air temperature increases continuously from February to October, decreasing in November. When referring to the trend analysis revealed that only the series of medium and minimum temperatures showed a significant positive trend. There are only statistically significant correlation between rainfall seasons of autumn, winter and spring with the ODP. Observed oscillatory dependence between summer rainfall and OMA; a quadratic dependence of summer rains and ODP; negative correlation between the autumn rains and the IME; and negative correlation between the rains of autumn and winter with the ODP. Keywords: temperature, precipitation, interannual oscillations
Sistema de Controle de Qualidade para Dados Diários de Variáveis Meteorológicas (Quality Control System for Data Daily Weather Variables)
Authors: Costa Rafaela Lisboa , Silva Fabrício Santos , Azevedo Pedro Vieira
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho utilizou-se a técnica MICE (do inglês “Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations”) para imputação de dados diários de variáveis meteorológicas, para séries temporais provenientes de 96 estações convencionais do INMET, entre período de 1961 e 2012, para em seguida aplicar os testes de um sistema de controle de qualidade desenvolvido para detecção, correção e possível substituição de dados suspeitos. Tanto as técnicas de preenchimento de falhas utilizadas, quanto do sistema de controle de qualidade, evidenciaram ser possível solucionar dois dos maiores problemas encontrados nas séries temporais de dados diários medidos em estações meteorológicas: a geração de valores plausíveis, para cada variável de interesse, a fim de sanar a ausência de observações, como detectar e permitir a devida correção, a valores suspeitos provenientes das observações.    A B S T R A C T In this work we used the technique MICE (";Multivariate imputation by Chained Equations";) for allocating daily data of meteorological variables for time series from 96 conventional stations of INMET, between 1961 and 2012, and then to apply the tests for a system of quality control developed for detection, correction and possible replacement of suspect data. Both gap filling technique used, as the system of quality control, showed to be possible to solve two major problems encountered in time series of daily data measured at weather stations: the generation of plausible values ​​for each variable of interest, the order to remedy the lack of observations, how to detect and allow correction due to suspicious values ​​from the observations.
Mapeamento do Uso e Ocupação do Solo no Município de Belém de São Francisco-PE nos Anos de 1985 e 2010 (Mapping of Use and Occupancy of Soil in Town of Belém de São Francisco-PE in Years of 1985 and 2010)
Authors: Assis Janaina Maria Oliveira de , Calado Ludmilla Oliveira , Souza Werônica Meira , Sobral Maria do Carmo
Published: March 2021

R E S U M O Este artigo tem como objetivo mapear o uso e ocupação do solo no município de Belém de São Francisco, localizado na mesorregião do São Francisco, Pernambuco, na porção semiárida do nordeste brasileiro. Foram utilizadas ferramentas de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIGs) e técnicas de sensoriamento remoto. Foi realizada uma classificação não-supervisionada do uso e ocupação do solo, onde foi feita a identificação de quatro temas: corpos d’água, vegetação densa, vegetação rasteira e solo exposto/área urbana, nos diferentes anos de 1985 e 2010. As imagens utilizadas foram do sensor Landsat 5 TM, coletadas no acervo de imagens do INPE. Os mapas foram elaborados no software ArcGIS 10.1, utilizando o sistema de coordenadas Sirgas2000, no fuso 24S. Os resultados mostraram diferentes fases de uso e ocupação do solo, apresentando diferentes causas de sua variação espaço-temporal, incluindo mudanças nos recursos hídricos, na vegetação e consequentemente na ocupação urbana do município.    A B S T R A C T This article aims to map the use and occupation of land in the city of Bethlehem in San Francisco , located in the middle region of the San Francisco PE in semiarid northeastern part of Brazil . Geographic Information Systems ( GIS ) and remote sensing tools were used . Water bodies , dense vegetation , low vegetation and bare soil / urban area in different years 1985 and 2010 : methodology as a non - supervised classification of the use and occupation of land , where the identification of four themes was done was done. The images used were from Landsat 5 TM , collected in the collection of images from INPE . The maps were drawn with ArcGIS 10.1 software , using SIRGAS2000 coordinate system , the spindle 24S . The results showed different phases of use and occupation of land , with different causes of their spatio-temporal variation , including changes in water resources , vegetation and consequently the urban occupation of the city .Keywords: Use and land cover, remote sensing, geographic information system.
Caracterização da Precipitação na Microrregião do Cariri Paraibano por meio da Técnica dos Quantis (Characterization of Precipitation in Cariri Paraiba Microregion Through Technique of Quantile)
Authors: Sena Jaricélia Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi à aplicação da técnica dos quantis para a caracterização da intensidade e da frequência das chuvas na região do Cariri Paraibano. Foram utilizados dados de precipitação mensal provenientes do CPC (Climate Prediction Center) e da AESA (Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas do Estado da Paraíba), respectivamente para o período 1979-2013 e 1995-2013.  Baseando-se nos quantis 0,05; 0,15; 0,35; 0,65; 0,85 e 0,95 utilizaram-se as seguintes categorias: Extremamente Seco (ES), Muito Seco (MS), Seco (S), Normal (N), Chuvoso (C), Muito Chuvoso (MC) e Extremamente Chuvoso (EC). Verificou-se que 51% da precipitação anual para a região se encontra na categoria normal e chuvoso, com precipitação variando de 452,38 mm a 845,93 mm. Observou-se ainda, que a maior frequência de anos dentro da categoria Muito Chuvoso (MC) ocorreu após o ano de 2003. A técnica dos quantis pra o período em estudo indicou que a região do Cariri, apesar de apresentar a menor precipitação anual do estado da Paraíba, apresentou os períodos abaixo e acima da média (períodos secos e chuvosos) são praticamente iguais. Em termos percentuais, também foi observado na análise para o trimestre mais chuvoso (FMA)  indicando que a problemática de água que ocorre na região é devido a falta de planejamento e de políticas públicas para o gerenciamente hídrico.    ABSTRACT   The objective of this work was the application of the technique of quantile to characterize the intensity and frequency of rainfall in Cariri Paraiba region. Data of monthly precipitation from the CPC (Climate Prediction Center) and AESA (Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas do Estado da Paraíba), respectively for the period 1979-2013 and 1995-2013. Based on the quantile 0.05; 0.15; 0.35; 0.65; 0.85 and 0.95;  used the following categories, Extremely Dry (ES), Very Dry (MS), Dry (S), Normal (N), rainy (C) Very Rainy (MC) and Extremely rainy (EC). It was found that 51% of the annual rainfall is the region in the normal class and wet, with rainfall ranging from 452.38 mm to 845.93 mm. It was also observed that the highest frequency of years within the category Very Rainy (MC) occurred after the year 2003. Technique of quantile for the period under study indicated that the Cariri, despite having the lowest annual precipitation state of Paraíba, the periods presented below and above average (dry and rainy periods) are almost equal. In percentage terms, the same was observed in the analysis for the wettest quarter (FMA) indicating that the problem of water that occurs in the region is due to lack of planning and policy for water management.   KEYWORDS: Quantis technique, rainfall, semiarid
Análise Geossistemica na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Miguel, Alagoas: Estudo e Interpretação de Paisagens Hidrogeomorfológicas (Analysis Geosystemic in Basin River São Miguel, Alagoas: Study and Interpretation of Landscapes Hidrogeomorphological)
Authors: Souza Julio Cesar Oliveira de
Published: March 2021

A gênese de muitas paisagens se faz pelo conjunto das influencias antropo-naturais vivenciados pelos seus elementos componentes que se alteram e se moldam as novas lógicas funcionais impostas, o que cria paisagens mais fragilizadas e suscetíveis a danos ambientais, como a da bacia hidrográfica do rio são Miguel, no estado de Alagoas que apresenta um grau de alteração que já compromete a sua dinâmica ambiental. Por meio do uso de pressupostos da teoria dos geossistemas, este artigo buscou focar o estudo da paisagem para a interpretação de transformações, na qual os conteúdos da ação humana já se encontram incorporados. Na primeira parte, será apresentada a área de estudo e serão tecidas algumas considerações acerca da aplicação da teoria do geossistema na análise da paisagem no âmbito da geografia física e a seguir, o estudo que foca as alterações ambientais na citada bacia hidrográfica será contemplado. Pode-se chegar a concluir que o geossistema é uma proposta interessante dentro de uma perspectiva integrativa que se espera de estudos sobre a evolução das paisagens naturais e as humanizadas.    ABSTRACT The genesis of many landscapes is done by all the anthropological-natural influences experienced by the component elements that change and shape the new imposed functional logic, which creates more fragile and susceptible to environmental damage landscapes like the river the river basin St Michael, in the state of Alagoas that has a degree of change that can compromise its environmental dynamics. Through the use of assumptions of the theory of geosystems, we aimed to focus on the landscape study for the interpretation of transformations, in which the contents of human action are already incorporated. In the first part, will be presented the study area and will be woven some considerations on the implementation of geosystem theory in landscape analysis in the context of physical geography and below, the study focuses on environmental change in said basin will be covered. You can reach the conclusion that the geosystem is an interesting proposal within an integrative perspective that is expected from studies on the evolution of natural landscapes and humanized. Key words: Study of Landscape, Genesis of Landscapes, geosystem, Environmental dynamics, São Miguel River Basin
MAPEAMENTO DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NO MUNICÍPIO DE BELÉM DE SÃO FRANCISCO – PE NOS ANOS DE 1985 E 2010 (MAPPING THE USE AND OCCUPANCY IN TOWN OF BELÉM FROM SAN FRANCISCO - PE IN YEARS FROM 1985 AND 2010)
Authors: Assis Janaina Maria Oliveira de
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo mapear o uso e ocupação do solo no município de Belém de São Francisco, localizado na mesorregião do São Francisco, Pernambuco, na porção semiárida do nordeste brasileiro. Foram utilizadas ferramentas de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIGs) e técnicas de sensoriamento remoto. Foi realizada uma classificação não-supervisionada do uso e ocupação do solo, onde foi feita a identificação de quatro temas: corpos d’água, vegetação densa, vegetação rasteira e solo exposto/área urbana, nos diferentes anos de 1985 e 2010. As imagens utilizadas foram do sensor Landsat 5 TM, coletadas no acervo de imagens do INPE. Os mapas foram elaborados no software ArcGIS 10.1, utilizando o sistema de coordenadas Sirgas2000, no fuso 24S. Os resultados mostraram diferentes fases de uso e ocupação do solo, apresentando diferentes causas de sua variação espaço-temporal, incluindo mudanças nos recursos hídricos, na vegetação e consequentemente na ocupação urbana do município.    A B S T R A C T This article aims to map the use and occupation of land in the city of Bethlehem in San Francisco , located in the middle region of the San Francisco PE in semiarid northeastern part of Brazil . Geographic Information Systems ( GIS ) and remote sensing tools were used . Water bodies , dense vegetation , low vegetation and bare soil / urban area in different years 1985 and 2010 : methodology as a non - supervised classification of the use and occupation of land , where the identification of four themes was done was done. The images used were from Landsat 5 TM , collected in the collection of images from INPE . The maps were drawn with ArcGIS 10.1 software , using SIRGAS2000 coordinate system , the spindle 24S . The results showed different phases of use and occupation of land , with different causes of their spatio-temporal variation , including changes in water resources , vegetation and consequently the urban occupation of the city .Keywords: Use and land cover, remote sensing, geographic information system.
Variabilidade Espaço-Temporal da Razão de Mistura para Estações do Estado do Maranhão Através da Análise Multivariada (Environmental Problems, Sustainable Development and Water Resources in Rural Semiarid Paraiba, PB - Brazil)
Authors: Correia Magaly de Fatima , Braga Celia Campos , Nogueira Valner Silva , Nogueira Virgínia Fátima
Published: March 2021

O bioma Cerrado do estado do Maranhão estar sendo substituído por plantações de soja. Neste trabalho foi utilizada a técnica de análise de componentes principais para investigar se houve mudança na variável razão de mistura com a mudança do uso da terra na Cidade de Chapadinha-MA. Foi realizado também uma revisão teórica sobre os resultados de uma Análise de Componentes Principais. Utilizou-se as séries históricas de 1977 a 2009 de razão de mistura de estações do Maranhão. Os resultados da primeira componente mostraram uma distribuição mais meridional de umidade, apresentando valores baixos no leste e sul do Estado, relacionados com valores baixos de razão de mistura. O modo S foi utilizado e as componentes retidas mostram similaridades entre as estações, evidenciando que as estações de Chapadinha e Alto do Parnaíba tem uma relação latente que influenciam nas variações nos valores da razão de mistura na região.
FATORES FÍSICOS NA ATMOSFERA DO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO EM JANEIRO DE 2004 (ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICAL FACTORS IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID IN JANUARY 2004)
Authors: Correia Magaly de Fatima , QUEIROZ JAQUELINE NÚBIA , SOUSA LEANDRO FONTES , RIBEIRO ROBERTA EVERLLYN , ARAGÃO MARIA REGINA
Published: March 2021

Técnicas de análise multivariada são aplicadas aos dados de ar superior coletados em Petrolina com o objetivo de identificar fatores físicos na atmosfera para janeiro de 2004, mês chuvoso no semiárido brasileiro. As chuvas são frequentes na área de Petrolina a partir do dia 10, associadas a ventos em superfície fracos e com direção variável. Na média troposfera o teor de umidade é muito baixo nos dias sem precipitação, em contraste com o teor de umidade elevado nos dias chuvosos. A aplicação da análise fatorial de componentes principais aos dados de ar superior resulta em um modelo com três componentes, retendo 96% e 93% da variância total dos dados no nível de 850 hPa e 500 hPa, respectivamente. O primeiro fator retido para cada nível isobárico é associado à advecção horizontal. No nível de 850 hPa, com 45% da variância total explicada, o fator é relacionado a advecção de temperatura pela componente meridional do vento; no nível de 500 hPa, com 46% da variância total explicada, ele está ligado a advecção de umidade pela componente zonal do vento. A aplicação da análise de agrupamentos aos fatores retidos possibilita identificar quatro grupos no nível de 850 hPa: os Grupos 1 e 2, formados por dias sem registro de chuva, e os Grupos 3 e 4, formados por dias com precipitação. No nível de 500 hPa são identificados três grupos, com características similares às dos grupos do nível de 850 hPa.   ABSTRACT Multivariate analysis techniques are applied to upper air data collected in Petrolina aiming to identify physical factors in the atmosphere on January 2004, a rainy month in the Brazilian semiarid. Starting on the 10th, rainfall is frequent in the Petrolina area associated with weak and variable surface winds. In the middle troposphere the moisture content is very low in rainless days, in contrast with high moisture content in rainy days. Factorial analysis by principal components applied to upper air data results in a three component model, retaining 96% and 93% of the total variance in the data, at the 850 hPa and 500 hPa levels, respectively. Both isobaric levels have the first retained factor associated with horizontal advection. At 850 hPa, with 45% of the total variance explained, the factor is related to temperature advection by the meridional wind component, while at 500 hPa, with 46% of the total variance explained, the factor is related to moisture advection by the zonal wind component. Cluster analysis applied to the retained factors allows identification of four groups at the 850 hPa level: Groups 1 and 2 are formed by rainless days, while Groups 3 and 4 are comprised by rainy days. Three groups were identified at the 500 hPa level, whose characteristics are similar to those of the 850 hPa groups. Keywords: extreme event, precipitation, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, Northeast Brazil
Lighting Improvement in Building Renovation
Authors: Putri Syarifah Muthia , Maizana Dina , Irhami Muhammad Rizal
Published: March 2021

Lighting systems that are not up to standard will have an impact on eye fatigue so that the work results of the staff are not optimal. This problem can be solved by designing a lighting system according to the standards that have been determined through the results of previous studies. The 1st floor of the Faculty Engineering, Universitas Medan Area building requires lighting improvements to provide comfort to all staff and lecturers. This research was conducted by measuring the value of light intensity in each room and improving the lighting system which was analyzed through the shape of the room, the color of the walls, and the position of the lights. The results of the study provide additional light points and the position of the lamp according to the utilization.
The Effect of Charcoal on the Improvement of Grounding Resistance as a Soil Treatment in Reducing Grounding Resistance
Authors: Partaoanan Harahap Partaoanan Harahap , Al-Ani Waleed Khalid Ahmed
Published: March 2021

Current technological developments are very competitive with each other, both in electric power distribution systems or electronic equipment. Disturbances that occur are usually caused by short circuits and ground disturbances, or lightning strikes. These disturbances will result in a voltage drop or increase in voltage, which results in decreased system stability, endangers people's lives, and can damage electronic equipment. Coconut Shell Charcoal has a lower resistivity value than soil and has a larger pore structure to absorb more water, and has conductive properties. The results obtained from the comparison using dry coconut shell charcoal and wet coconut shell charcoal show that measurements using wet coconut shell charcoal are better (less resistance) than using dry coconut shell charcoal. Soil resistivity measurements will be much better at the maximum depth than the usual depth (110 cm), better than 10cm.
Rhetorical strategies of counter-journalism: How American YouTubers are challenging dominant media election narratives
Authors: Wiora Weronika , Molek-Kozakowska Katarzyna
Published: March 2021

The standards and practices in journalism that best serve democratic deliberation remain a matter of intense scrutiny in the digital age. The United States has a long history of journalists exposing self-interested behaviors of political or corporate elites with investigative journalism. With online media, journalistic practices encompass fact-checking against a variety of sources, and countering the claims of other journalists from competing outlets. This article aims at delimiting the rhetorical properties of an emerging genre of YouTube counter-journalism. The study reports on a rhetorical and eristic analysis of the main patterns of countering in a sample of videos posted on YouTube on the subject of the US presidential campaign in spring 2020. The analysis reveals some ways in which YouTube journalists break down the dominant media narratives and present counterclaims and critiques, which is usually accompanied by fact-checking, showcasing evidence and providing alternative explanations or counterarguments. However, counter-journalism is not free from eristic devices that may misrepresent political issues for the subscribers.
Cratos, Crisis and Cognition in Reference to Generative Anthropology and the Scene of Language/Culture Origin
Authors: Złocka-Dąbrowska Magdalena Alina
Published: March 2021

This article will interpret Cratos, a mythic character and rhetorical personification present in the works of Hesiod and Aeschylus, as a multilayered and metaphoric figure of cognition, defining him in reference to the hypothesis of the origin of language and culture advanced by Eric Gans’s Generative Anthropology. Cratos was a violent oppressor of Prometheus, involved in provoking a crisis among both gods and humanity. This faithful and ruthless performer of the will of Zeus is viewed here as representing one of the deeper cognitive layers of mythological transfer, that is, as a representation of deferred, but always and anywhere prevalent intra-specific violence, the fundamental source and testimony of crisis in human societies.
Efecto de recubrimientos en la maduración de yaca almacenada en condición simulada de mercadeo
Authors: Nolasco Gonzalez Yolanda , Montalvo-González Efigenia , García-Magaña María de Lourdes , Medellín-Bautista Claudia M. , Hernández-Fuentes Luis M. , González Hernández Héctor
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de recubrimientos en el proceso de maduración y calidad de yaca. Los frutos en madurez fisiológica fueron tratados o no con dos recubrimientos comerciales Natural Shine® 505-OR (40% v/v, R1) o SemperfreshTM (3% v/v, R2); posteriormente fueron almacenados por 5 días a 8 o 13ºC simulando el transporte a Estados Unidos de América y después almacenados a temperatura de 25 ºC, simulando su comercialización. Los frutos testigo fueron almacenados a 25 ºC hasta madurez de consumo. Se midió la velocidad de respiración (VR), producción de etileno (VPE) y parámetros físicos y químicos. Los frutos almacenados a 25 ºC presentaron el pico climatérico y máxima VPE a los 3 y 5 días de almacenamiento, respectivamente; sin embargo, los frutos sin recubrir y recubiertos almacenados en refrigeración y después a temperatura ambiente, se retrasó la aparición del pico climatérico y máxima VPE. Los frutos almacenados por 5 días a 8 ºC y recubiertos con Semperfresh lograron alargar la vida de anaquel por 9 días respecto a los frutos almacenados a 25 ºC y 7 días con los frutos refrigerados a la misma temperatura, pero sin recubrir. Se concluyó que la aplicación del recubrimiento Semperfresh y el almacenamiento a 8 ºC por 5 días con posterior almacenamiento a 25 ºC puede ser una alternativa para conservar el fruto de yaca hasta por 17 días.
Caracterización del pasto mombaza como materia prima para producir bioetanol
Authors: Ventura Ríos Joel Ventura Ríos , Santiago Ortega Mario Alberto , Barrera Martinez Iliana del Carmen , Álvarez Vázquez Perpetuo , Carrillo López Pedro , Honorato Salazar José Amador
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este estudio realizado en 2017 fue caracterizar el pasto mombaza (Megathyrsus maximus) para evaluar su potencial como materia prima para la producción de biocombustible líquido (bioetanol). La producción anual de biomasa, el poder calorífico, la composición química y el rendimiento teórico de bioetanol fueron determinadas en cuatro frecuencias de corte (30, 60, 90 y 120 d después del rebrote). Los datos se analizaron con el procedimiento GLM (SAS) y las medias de los tratamientos se compararon con la prueba de Tukey (p 0.05). La mayor producción de biomasa, poder calorífico, producción de energía, producción de bioetanol, FDN, LDA y hemicelulosa se obtuvieron en la frecuencia de corte de 120 d con 11 Mg ha-1 año-1; 16.1 MJ kg-1; 178.4 GJ ha-1 año-1; 238.2 L Mg-1 MS y 68.6, 6.5, 23.3%, respectivamente. No obstante, el mayor contenido de celulosa y FDA se encontraron en la frecuencia de corte de 90 d, con 41.2 y 47.4%, respectivamente. Los valores más altos de humedad, PC y cenizas se encontraron en la frecuencia de corte de 30 d con valores de 8.2, 10.4 y 12.1%, respectivamente, mientras que el contenido de EE fue mayor en la frecuencia de corte de 60 d (1.6%). De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos en este estudio el pasto mombaza (Megathyrsus maximus) puede ser considerado como una materia prima atractiva para la producción de bioetanol en climas tropicales.
Actividad antimicrobiana de extractos de Zingiber officinale y Maclura pomifera sobre Pseudomona syringae
Authors: Ríos Herrera Erika Natalia , García-Munguía Alberto Margarito , Hernández-Bautista Omegar , García-Munguía Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2021

El frijol y el tomate en México son dos de los productos que forman parte esencial de la dieta de la población de este país, es de gran importancia económica, cultural y gastronómica. La presencia de plagas y enfermedades en los cultivos aumenta los costos de producción, además del impacto ambiental y la residualidad de los plaguicidas pueden afectar la salud humana. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue estudiar una alternativa de biocontrol para enfermedades bacterianas, efectiva, de bajo costo y menor impacto ambiental. Se desarrolló en la ciudad de Aguascalientes, México en el año 2019. Fueron producidos extractos naturales (etanol, metanol y agua) de Maclura pomifera y Zingiber officinale en forma cruda por medio de maceración y concentrados por vía de rotaevaporación, utilizando bases de etanol, metanol y agua. Se aislaron e identificaron cepas de Pseudomona syringae de patologías en tomate y ejote. Se utilizaron 14 tratamientos con tres repeticiones de extractos crudos y concentrados. La actividad bactericida fue evaluada por medio de antibiogramas con intervalos de 24 h por siete días. Mostrando el mayor efecto inhibitorio, los extractos de M. pomifera base etanol de 100 mg ml-1 y Z. officinale de 100 mg ml-1 base etanol. Para el segundo ensayo en la disminución de concentraciones, se reiteró la efectividad de los extractos de M. pomifera en bajas concentraciones, siendo 10 mg ml-1 la concentración más baja y efectiva en la inhibición bacteriana. Lo anterior, posiciona a los extractos vegetales de M. pomifera como una opción, viable, eficaz y económica en el biocontrol de enfermedades bacterianas agrícolas.
Efectividad de fungicidas y Trichorderma spp. para el control de Lasiodiplodia spp. en huertos de limón ‘Persa’ en Veracruz
Authors: Camacho-Tapia Moises , Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo , Bautista-Cruz Marco Antonio , Vargas Gustavo Almaguer , León Maria Teresa Colinas , Pedraza Juan Manuel Tovar
Published: March 2021

La muerte descendente del limón ‘Persa’ (Citrus latifolia Tan.) causada por Lasiodiplodia spp., es una enfermedad de alta importancia. La intensidad de las podas en limón incrementa la susceptibilidad y la pérdida anual de hasta 35% de árboles, lo que resulta 60% de reducción de la producción. Durante los años 2016 y 2017, en el municipio de Papantla, Veracruz se evaluó la efectividad del control químico y biológico contra Lasiodiplodia spp., después de la poda. Se realizó un diseño de bloques completo al azar, se aplicaron cinco tratamientos: metil tiofanato (1 g L-1), tiabendazole (2.5 g L-1), clorotalonil (3 g L-1) y mancozeb (4 g L-1), Trichoderma harzianum + Trichoderma viridae (20 ml L-1) y un testigo (sin aplicación). Se realizaron dos aspersiones dirigidas a tronco, ramas y follaje hasta punto de goteo. Se evalúo la incidencia y severidad de la enfermedad cada siete días después de la primera aplicación. Con los datos de incidencia se realizó ajuste de modelos epidemiológicos y se calcularon los parámetros descriptivos como: intensidad inicial, tasa de incremento y área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad. El fungicida metil tiofanato tuvo mayor efectividad para el control de la enfermedad, seguido de tiabendazol.