bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مکی عہدِ رسالتﷺ میں دعوتی حکمت عملی
Authors: Korejaa Muhammad Arif , Shams Prof. Dr. Muhammad Humayun Abbas
Published: December 2020

Ever since the dawn of human life on this planet, man has always sought to understand Nature, his own place in the scheme of creation and the purpose of life itself. Religion played a vital role in shaping the human life and aligning the socio-cultural behaviors. After the beginning of Prophetic Mission in 610 C.E., the Prophet Muhammad PBUH and his companions started preaching of Islam in Arab and beyond the Arab boundaries afterwards. During this Prophetic Mission of preaching Islam, the Holy Prophet PBUH and his companions faced different social and economical problems in order to stop this mission. Specially, in the era of Makkan life of the Holy Prophet PBUH. He adopted different strat-egies to get rid of these hurdles and problems. He also laid down basic principles in order to continue the Prophetic Mission in this scenario. A discussion is prem-editated to explore the principles set by the Holy Prophet PBUH for preaching of Islam in this scenario. In this article, a discussion about the Terminology of "Hikmah" is described along with some practical examples also.
احمد بن مصطفیٰ المراغی کی تفسیر’’المراغی‘‘(سورۃ البقرۃ) میں وارد احادیث نبوی ﷺ کا علمی جائزہ
Authors: Khan Gul Baz , . Dr. Abdul Qadoos
Published: December 2020

Tafseer Maraghi by Ahmad bin Mustafa Almaraghi (1883-1952) is well known classical commentary of the Quran written in Arabic .The researcher has selected Ten Ahadith in sura Albaqara which are quoted by Ahmad bin Mustafa Almaraghi in Tafseer-e-Maraghi. The main objective of the research is to analyze the ahadith to analyses the sahih (authentic), hasan (good) and dha،if (weak). Therefore it is necessary to examine both elements of hadith, sanad (،chain، of the narrators) and matn (the wording of hadith). Early religious scholars stressed the importance of the sanad (chain of the narrators). Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak said, "The isnad is from the religion; were it not for the isnad anyone could say anything they wanted. This article is to bring in the knowledge of the student, teachers and religious clerics, the authentic proof regarding the ahadith of sura Al baqara .The study is qualitative in nature and it needed extensive desk study.The reliance of the hadith specialists upon isnad in determining the sahih (authentic, hasan (good) and dha،if (weak). The conclusion of this article based upon the research and finding of the wellknown classical researchers (aima jarrah wa Ta’deel) in field.
التفسير النبوي لألفاظ العبادة
Authors: Saleem Dr. Hafiz Haris , Hamdani Dr. Kifayatullah
Published: December 2020

The Sunnah and Hadith of the Holy Prophet PBUH has been accepted as an important source of Islamic law, next in importance only to the Holy Quran. This status of the Sunnah has remained unchallenged and undisputed throughout the centuries. There have been many differences among Muslims in their juristic opinions, but the authority of the Holy Quran and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet PBUH was never denied by any jurist. The Holy Prophet PBUH being the best teacher employed two different ways to enlighten his companions about Islam and particularly matters of worships. On few occasions, he inquired about their prior knowledge about the topic and then illuminated it, while on other occasion, he simply exposited the spirits and essence of rites and rituals.
Protection of the Right to Life under Modern International Law and Prophetic Law: A Comparative Study
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Jawad Saqib
Published: December 2020

The right to life is often said to be mother right and most important fundamen-tal right of all rights. The application and criteria of protection of the right to life differs under international humanitarian law (IHL) and human rights law (HRL). As a general conception, IHL is applicable only during armed conflict and HRL is applicable in all other situations excepting armed conflict. This conception though has been proved to be wrong, however, the primary concern regarding the protection of the right to life during armed conflict is that of IHL. However, it does not mean that HRL has nothing to do with an armed conflict or IHL is having no concern about the protection of the right to life beyond armed conflict, rather it means that standard and criteria of protection of the right to life during armed conflict differs in both these branches of internatio-nal. When the question arises with regard to the protection of the right to life during armed conflict, different answers are found in both these disciplines. The substantive law as well as case law of both the branches differ in this regard to such an extent that a person may lose the protection of his right to life under IHL on the one hand, while still holding such protection under HRL on the other. While Islamic Law does not differentiate between humanitarian law and human rights law, rather in Islam, protection of the right to lie has been ensured on equal footings in and outside an armed conflict. The paper focuses the main causes of differences between IHL and HRL. Consequently, sorting out the best possible manner in which such differences can be removed and resultantly by recommending the standard and criteria as to how the right to life can be best protected.
شرعی امورمیں آسانی اور سہولت کا تصور:قرآنی احکام کی روشنی میں
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Afzal  , Dr. Sayyeda Sadia
Published: December 2020

Islam is considered to be the religion of nature due to its originality and suitability to human nature for all times or centuries. It continues to be successful in the developed world, and elsewhere, because its call is in accordance with the fitrah or natural inclinations of mankind. Allah, subhanahu wata'aala, is the creator of mankind and therefore knows his nature more intricately than mankind himself. Allah has therefore chosen for us a religion best suited to the nature of mankind, a religion that goes neither to the extremes of hardship nor of laxity, but instead provides a middle path; in other words, a religion of ease. Islam does not lay on people tasks that they cannot do or they will have difficulty in doing. Whenever, there is any difficulty performing any religious obligation faced by Muslims, they have provided an element of ease and comfort. In this regard, the focus of this paper is to throw light on the notion of ease and leniency of Islam.
فقہاء کرام کی نظر میں وکالت کی تحقیق
Authors: Imtiaz Ahmed Khosah.
Published: December 2020

There has been described the meaning of Wakalat and its type. Who can be agent? What are the conditions of it? How it can be used? Where it is used? How it can be eliminated? What is the status of it in Current kinds of Cards? In which things the wakalat will be eligible.Allah has permitted for wakalat as it was mentioned in this article, because it is a necessary need of a human being without it one never can do all around his works, issues and important goods. For Wakalat it is very credible that Wakeel must has experience in the relevant subject without experience he can give countless loss for his Mowakkil, as well as be eligible, trustful, honest, sensible, aware of current affairs. Existence of wakalat has been described by all jurispru-dence and religious scholars divided Wakalat in two types (1) common Wakalat (2) special Wakalat and their command according to the holy Quraan and sunnat. What is the command of wakalat in almighty Allah’s affairs? Is it allowed or prohibited according to the Islamic point of view.
Information Management from the Interpretation of Al-Quran: Study on Tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan
Authors: Dr. Mohd Sholeh Sheh Yusuff  , Dr. Yusuf Haji-Othman
Published: December 2020

The development of works in the field of Quranic interpretation has grown rapidly in this age. The work in this field has been written in various major languages of the world such as Arabic, English and Malay. The resulting works contain a lot of information quoted from the works written by previous authors. For example, the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan written by Muhammad Said Omar contains a lot of information quoted from Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Baydawi and Tafsir al-Jamal. Nevertheless, this study found that the information was widely quoted by the author until there was an inaccurate information being referred to by him. Therefore, a method or system should be practiced so that the information contained in the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan can be managed well as well as avoid the mistakes of readers. One way to manage these resources is to identify the original work referred to by the author. The analysis of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan used the genetic approach which was published by Goldman in studying the origin of the resources. This study referred the text from Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan and the texts of works that became author's references, which are Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Jamal, Tafsir al-Baydawi, Tafsir al-Khazin, Tafsir al-Baghawi, Tafsir al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Razi, Tafsir al-Nasafi, Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Tafsir al-Tha’labi, and made a comparison of the texts to detect the similarities and differences. The result of the analysis proved that Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id implemented five methods; which are quoting the text in parallel, writing an abstract, removal of some of the words, adding explan-ation, and refuting part of the text. This study also revealed the purpose of Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id while creating his work is to strengthen the translations written. Thus, he successfully strengthens translation when the contents of the text are parallel to the reference. However, in certain places existed a text from the author's references contradicts with the content of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, which failed his attempt to strengthen the translation in certain part of the text.

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An Analytical Study of Hazrat Abdul Rehman (R.Z) Ibn Samara As Conqueror of Balochistan
Authors: Muhammad Siddiqu  , Prof. Dr. Hafiz Munir Ahmad.
Published: December 2020

Hazrat Abdul Rehman (may Allah be pleased with him) belonged to Arab tribe of Quraish and was a close relative of Mohammad (peace be upon him). At the time of conquest of Makkah He (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the circle of Islam. He (may Allah be pleased with him) is counted among the companions of Muhammad (may Allah be pleased with him) who came to sub-continent specially Balochistan in order to preach for Islam and Jihad during the Khilafat of orthodox caliphs. He (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Balochistan twice for Jihad and conquests first during the Khilafat of Hazrat Usman (may Allah be pleased with him) and second time in the early era of Hazrat Muawia (may Allah be pleased with him). He (may Allah be pleased with him) played a vital role in the wars of Balochistan. He (may Allah be pleased with him) established Zehri his abode and capital after conquering Kalat, Khuazdar (Sajistan), Kachi, Gandhava, and Chaghi, and from here he expanded the series of his conquests till Kabul and Qandar. Besides this, he included many areas of sub-continent in the Islamic empire of conquered areas. His (may Allah be pleased with him) life is consists of great chapters of sincerity in deeds. Wisdom and valor, determination fearlessness, strife, hospitality, simplicity and patience. He (may Allah be pleased with him) is counted among the great generals of Islam had the honour to have carried the message of Holy faith in every corner of Balochistan in tough and unfavorable conditions and planted the flag of Islam in Balochistan forever.
"الدر المنثور"کے سورۃ فاتحہ کی تفسیر میں وارد اسرائیلیات اور موضوعات کا تحقیقی جائزہ
Authors: Aziz Ahmad  , Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Sani
Published: December 2020

Tafsir bi-al-ma'thur is of the significant importance in Tafsir because the translator explains verses from Quran, Hadith, words of companions of the Prophet (sahaba) and successors to the Holy prophet's companions(Tabiun). Among those Tafsir one is written by Allama Sayuti titled ‘Addur ul Mansor fi Tafsir bil Masoor’ which is the paramount treasure of Ahadith and narrations (athar). But Allama Sayuti hasn’t provided the sources of these Ahadith and narrations (athar).  Although he mentions those books which have complete sources available. The reason is that the upcoming researchers have this facility to further do research work on it. That’s why Allama Sayuti is not that much credible like others in collecting Ahadith. Due to this reason his collection of Ahadith is an amalgamation of credible and uncredible ahadith. Because of the aforementioned reasons in current era a common reader can’t understand the credibility of any ahahdith without the sources given. Due to these reasons in this Tafsir fabricated ahadith available in atfsir of Surah e Fateha are separated and researched again. In this research the sources of those fabricated Ahadith are investigated and  explained their credibility.
قرآن مجید میں آیات متشابہات کی حقیقت۔ ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Hadi Bakhsh  , Dr. Shahzad Channa
Published: December 2020

Allah has revealed the knowledge of the truth of the universe. Therefore, words of closeness in universal and psychological matters have been used to justify reality. Allah has revealed the Qur’an so that people should live according to Holy Quran in all the fields of life. In the same verses, Allah has placed a collection of verses in the form of different meaning which are called Ayaat Mutshabihat and other verses are called Muhkim i.e. Muhkim Ayaat has no different meaning. The good and the righteous people follow the verses of Muhkim and they believe in the Ayaat Mutshabihat that these verses of Allah. Even though the wicked do not follow the Muhkim verses. But also they follow Ayaat Mutshabihat, when the deviator gave strength to their false sects through verses of Mutshabihat, then the scholars insisted to interpret verses of Mutshabihat that were according to the Quran and the correct Hadith. The method of the Sunnah is that if the verses differ in contradictory, then we follow only verses of Muhkim and also we do not accept any interpretation of Mutshabihat that are against the Quran and Sunnah. Therefore, the security and care factor is to follow the verses of Muhkim.
حضورﷺکےنسب و بچپن سے متعلق غیر معتبر روایات کا مطالعہ
Authors: Ihsanullah  , Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Manj
Published: December 2020

Although the Sīra writers, in general, have been trying their best to be careful in including unreliable narrations in their works on the life of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, numerous unauthentic traditions have been incorporated in Sīra books. One of the main reasons for this issue seems to be that the Sīra writers did not generally observe the principles and methodology of the Muḥaddithīn in examining the traditions. To the present writers, in order to examine the narrations and texts of the traditions taken in Sīra writings, it is necessary to turn towards the principles and methodology of Muḥaddithīn in examining the hadīth narrations. The present article studies some of the prominent traditions regarding the lineage and childhood of the Holy Prophetﷺ in selected Urdu books. It finds that many popular Urdu books on Sīra contain a number of unreliable traditions on the subject.
قراآتِ متواترہ اور قراآتِ شاذّہ کا تعارفی مطالعہ اور ان کی قبولیت کی شرائط
Authors: Abdul Rehman  , Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Sani
Published: December 2020

The Holy Quran is Allah’s words and it is a foundational source of Shariah. It consists of many characteristics. One of them is that it has been revealed with more than one Qira’ah. However, Muslim scholars have a consensus that Allah has permitted to recite in different dialect for the ease of Ummah provided that it is approved by the Holy Prophet. There is no need of Ijtehad in the relevant subject. Qira’ah has a significant position in the science of Sharia. Therefore, like other disciplines to understand the meaning of the Holy Quran, the science of Qira’ah elaborates the brief verses of the Holy Quran even Qira’ah helps derive the Shariah commandments. The science of Qira’ah has assisted different Shariah disciplines whether it is Sarf and Nahw (Syntax and morphology) or lexicon. Nonetheless it has a significant value in the Shariah, people are ignorant of the science of Qira’ah and deny varied Qira’ah. Hence, looking at the situation, it is necessary to introduce Qira’ah and shed light on the criteria set by renowned and authenticated scholars to accept the Qira’ah. In this paper, the literal meaning, terminology of Qir’ah, kinds of Qira’ah and the criteria for the acceptance of Qira’ah have been described.
دراسۃ عروضیۃ لشعر ابی بکر الصدیق رضی اللہ عنہ
Authors: Dr. Iftikhar Ahmed  , Dr. Imrana Shahzadi
Published: December 2020

Poetry was given very high status and supreme honor in Arabic civilization. Poets were known  as pride of their tribes. This talent was used in battles to defeat their enemies. Through poetry the used to show tribal identity, triumph, work, bravery bounty and honor. Poets also depicted their personal Qualities caliber, characteristics and achievement. After advent of Islam topics of the poetry were modified, but the importance of poets and poetry was not pared down. Prophet of Islam (PBUH) expressed his approved for poetry and admired their disciples for their poetic talent. Rashidun Caliphs were not poets in its real meanings, but their talent of poetry cannot be denied. Their brilliance and artistry in poetry was very luxurious and impression. Hazart Abu Bakar, for example had literary qualities. His study of compendium or dewan shows that his technicality of poetry was exactly according to the Arab norms. His verses were on line with parameters of poetry. This article presents some specimen of Hazrat Abu Bakar’s poetry as a proof that he was very Qadir-ul-Kalam poet.
أهمية التسامح في المجتمع المتعدد الثقافات وفیی الشریعۃالاسلامیہ
Authors: Dr Abdul Qaddos  , Dr. Murat ŞİMŞEK
Published: December 2020

Allah has created mankind and divided all human beings into different groups, families, and nations. In spite of this, people of all religions and nationals can still live in peace if they respect each other’s religion and communities. Even if they worship God in different ways, yet they should try to realize the underlying spirit in each religion and that is to serve mankind which is basically one. Social harmony is very important for the peace, development and stability of every nation of a country. We must remember that our great religious preachers, reformers and scriptures are always standing for the solidarity of humanity, and we must adhere to this ideology. Further, national development, which is important to all, is possible only if we maintain social, cultural and political harmony. Let us all forget our petty lingual, racial and religious differences, if any and live like brothers and support each other in their spiritual, social and political and make the society strong.
الدراسة الفنية لشعر نجيب الكيلاني
Authors: Jahantab Dr. Zakira
Published: December 2020

Dr. Najīb al-Kiylānī is considered one of the foremost modern Islamic writers. He has written more than seventy books include novel, short story, poetry, criticism etc. He was a talented writer who mastered the necessary artistic tools; the main purpose of his writing was promoting goodness, virtue, tolerance and other human and Islamic values. His poetical works are free from any element of permissive-eness typical of poets. It is rather a poetry filled with concerns about the problems of the Muslim World. Al-Kiylānī was a well-known poet who left about nine books for us, six of them are published and four of them are unpublished. The published ones include: “Naḥwa’l-‘Ulā”̦“Aghānī al Ghurabā”̦Ᾱthār al-Shuhadā”̦ “Muhājir” Kaifa Alqāka” and “Madeenat al-kabāir”. The unpublished works include: “Al amal al-tareed”̦ “Lu᾿lu᾿at al Khalīj” and Ughnīyat al-Layl”. Al-Kiylānī’s poetical works are purposeful, depth, and mystical transparency which had a great influ-ence in the life of people that was one of the most splendid works. The poetry of Najīb al-Kiylānī, the writers notes are filled with an Islamic and sense of purpose.
Great Saying اِنَّمَا بُعِثتُ مُعَلِمًاand Status of Teachers in Muslim Countries: A Comparative Study of Past and Present for Future Improvement
Authors: Alam Dr. Syed Aftab
Published: December 2020

The Divine teachings of Islam are proved as reliable and eternal by advanced scientific researches. The first revelation of Islam is logically asserted the importance of knowledge acquisition. Prophet Muhammad PBUH proud to be a teacher rather than to be the Last Prophet, Mercy for all Universes, only Returner of heavens, First Governor of Islamic State or Ever Conqueror of Wars, etc. Islam said that there is no any distinction among human beings on the basis of being an Arab or a non-Arab, not on black or white skin color, not due to the status of tribe but a scholar has a great potential of knowledge. It can be proved through the study of history that whenever a society gave a high status to their scholars and teachers, it got respectably high status among the other nations of the world. This phenomenon is also ascertained accurate among the present societies of the world again. This article revolves around the evidences of best days of Muslims till present downfall and the status of teachers in those & present Muslim societies. Resultantly, it is concluded that if any country give high status to their teachers, it will achieve the high status among the world.
José Pérez de Vargas, maestro y poeta
Authors: Tauro Alberto
Published: December 2020

Primer capitulo de un trabajo directamente vinculado con la historia de la Biblioteca Nacional, que en númerospróximos será complementado con un estudio sobre las actividades pedagógicas, una crítica poética, una antología yuna bibliografía de Pérez de Vargas. Gran parte de las fuentes aquí utilizadas pertenecieron a la Biblioteca Nacional.
Terminación y comienzo
Authors: Basadre Grohmann Jorge
Published: December 2020

Discurso del Dr. Jorge Basadre, Director de la Biblioteca Nacional en la ceremonia de clausura de la Escuela de Bibliotecarios.
Perspectivas de la catalogación
Authors: Van Hoesen H. B.
Published: December 2020

Este es el segundo artículo que publica "FENIX" sobre los debates que han tenido públicamente los catalogadores en los últimos tiempos. El primero, titulado "Crisis en la Catalogación", y escrito por Andrew Osborn, se publicó en el N° 2 de esta revista. Aunque carecen de relación orgánica entre sí, presentan, sin embargo, ambos, analogías en el asunto y en la actitud.
Comprendemos muy bien que tanto la contribución de Van Hoesen como la de Osborn no se dirigen a los legos o profanos en la materia. Suponen el conocimiento previo de la técnica catalográfica y la experiencia diaria en los complejos problemas que diariamente afronta un Departamento de Catalogación bien organizado.
Apuntes para una cronología peruana
Authors: Romero Emilia
Published: December 2020

Relación de fechas de nacimiento y muerte de algunos peruanos que se distinguieron en el campo de sus actividades y de algunos extranjeros cuya obra en algún aspecto se relaciona con el Perú.
La Convención Interamericana de Expertos para la protección de los Derechos de Autor y las Legislaciones Americanas
Authors: Maticorena Estrada Enrique
Published: December 2020

Comparación entre lo estipulado en la Convención Interamericana sobre el Derecho de Autor en las obras literarias, científicas y artísticas suscrita en Washington y las legislaciones de los países americanos sobre la materia.

Así, veremos cuáles son las obras que se protegen; lo que dicen las legislaciones de esta protección, y los requisitos que se establecen para gozar de ella.
Pasión y tragedia del Bibliófilo
Authors: Hidalgo Alberto
Published: December 2020

Artículo que historia, ágil y profundamente, la vida, las aventuras y la multiplicación de los libros en casa de un bibliófilo. En trance de metáfora, nos lo representa ahogándose bajo el torrente caudaloso de los miles de volúmenes que han ido llenando, una tras otra, todas las habitaciones de la morada. Así, en dos cuartillas, describe Hidalgo, con una prosa que fluye vigorosa y ligera, las peregrinaciones del bibliófilo y su preocupación principal: los libros.
El desconocido manuscrito de Pereyra y Ruiz sobre Arequipa
Authors: Lostaunau Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Entre los valiosos donativos hechos a la Biblioteca Nacional hay una copia fotostática del manuscrito inédito de la ciudad de Arequipa, del Presbítero tinerfeño Don Antonio de Pereyra y Ruiz, Sacristán Mayor que fue de la Catedral de Arequipa, con la monografía histórica y geográfica de dicha ciudad.
José Pérez de Vargas, maestro y poeta (4)
Authors: Tauro Alberto
Published: December 2020

Cuarto y último capítulo del estudio de Alberto Tauro, en el cual presenta una amplia bibliografía de José Pérez de Vargas. Tal como lo precisó Tauro en el primer número de Fenix, este es un trabajo directamente vinculado con la historia de la Biblioteca Nacional, que a través de los cuatro primeros números de esta revista ha sido complementado con un estudio sobre las actividades pedagógicas, una crítica poética, una antología y una bibliografía de Pérez de Vargas.
Algunos periódicos desconocidos del Perú. Ecuador y Bolivia
Authors: Schwab Federico
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo se limita a describir cierto número de periódicos del siglo XIX que no están registrados, o de los cuales sólo existen datos incompletos o equívocos, en las bibliografías específicas de esta materia. Se refiere, entre otros, a la "Biblioteca Peruana" de Mariano Felipe Paz Soldán; al "Catálogo de los Periódicos Nacionales existentes en la Biblioteca Nacional" por Manuel Odriozola; las "Listas de Periódicos existentes en la Biblioteca Nacional" publicadas en varios Boletines de esta institución posteriores al incendio de la antigua Biblioteca, en 1943; a "Apuntes Bibliográficos sobre El Periodismo en el Perú" por Evaristo  San Cristobal.

Asimismo, el autor del trabajo ha considerado algunos periódicos hasta ahora desconocidos en sí, pero acerca de los cuales ha encontrado documentos que comprueban su aparición. Se incluyen unos pocos periódicos pertenecientes a países vecinos, porque su contenido se relaciona con la historia peruana.
Páginas escogidas
Authors: Xammar Luis Fabio
Published: December 2020

Como homenaje a la memoria de Luis Fabio Xammar, que desempeñara la Secretaria General de la Biblioteca Nacional en los comienzos de su actual reconstitución, Fenix ofrece estas “paginas escogidas” en las cuales alienta lo vivo de su obra. La selección estuvo a cargo de Amadeo Delgado Pastor.
Prontuario de tratamiento de folletos
Authors: Arbulú Vargas Ricardo
Published: December 2020

Ricardo Arbulú Vargas después de tres años de experiencia en el Departamento de Catalogación de la Biblioteca Nacional llega a la conclusión de que, el folleto peruano reclama tratamiento diverso del que se le aplica en la bibliotecnia común. Trata de exponer, en forma escueta, la  reacción inmediata frente a la folletería ingresada al Departamento y el uso que se ha hecho de las herramientas con que disponían.
La biblioteca escolar en los colegios de educación secundaria
Authors: Chiriboga Sotomayor Beatriz
Published: December 2020

Trabajo presentado en la Escuela Nacional de Bibliotecarios, durante el año 1946. Preceden este estudio, un plano de Biblioteca Escolar y datos esenciales para la instalación del equipo de una sala de lectura  en un Colegio de Educación Secundaria.
Ciudadanía y desarrollo humano
Authors: López Jim´énez Sinesio
Published: December 2020

¿Qué relación existe entre la ciudadanía y la desigualdad social? ¿Cómo incide la desigualdad social en el acceso a la ciudadanía? ¿Puede la ciudadanía modificar las relaciones de desigualdad social y contribuir al desarrollo humano? ¿Produce la ciudadanía nuevas desigualdades? La relación entre la ciudadanía y la desigualdad social puede ser vista de tres maneras. La primera, propia de la sociología política, asume la ciudadanía como un factor dependiente de la desigualdad social que sería el factor determinante de aquélla. La segunda, propia de la ciencia política, asume, por el contrario, la ciudadanía como un factor que modifica o puede modificar las relaciones de desigualdad social que, en este caso, aparece como un factor determinado por aquélla. La tercera considera a los derechos ciudadanos, postulados como valores universales por la modernidad, como formas de dominación que, al imponer su universal, termina generando discriminaciones diversas: las brechas ciudadanas.
La fotografía como patrimonio cultural : rescatando la memoria histórica de la Colección Eugenio Courret de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú
Authors: Martínez Silva Laura Isabel
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se plantean algunas reflexiones histórico-metodológicas sobre la posibilidad de construir conocimiento histórico a partir de fotografías como fuentes de información e interpretación, presentando como caso a la Colección de Eugenio Courret, por ser uno de los primeros estudios fotográficos, además porque actualmente forma parte del patrimonio fotográfico y cultural del Perú, y se encuentra en proceso para su registro como parte de la Memoria del Mundo.
Raúl Porras Barrenechea : bibliófilo
Authors: Trillo Auqui Gerardo
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo busca brindar un panorama general sobre el Raúl Porras Barrenechea bibliófilo, no el historiador, no el político, no el docente; así dar una lectura a la vida del eminente historiador peruano a través de su biblioteca, la que donó a la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú tras su partida. La colección Porras, como pasó a denominarse es una de las colecciones particulares más importantes no solo en la BNP, sino a nivel nacional por las particularidades de los ejemplares que solo el tino de un bibliófilo pudo congregar. De esta manera, se señalaran algunos detalles respecto a la historia misma de la colección, cómo se conformó, a qué intereses representó y qué nos evidencia respecto a los vínculos del emblemático historiador peruano con otras intelectuales de todo el mundo, los que pueden notarse en el valioso repertorio de autógrafas y dedicatorias contenido en varios ejemplares como en la exquisitez de su selección.
El catálogo colectivo como herramienta de protección del patrimonio bibliográfico nacional
Authors: Salvatierra Chuchón Martha Elena
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo presenta la plataforma del Catálogo Colectivo del Patrimonio Bibliográfico Nacional, herramienta que promueve la identificación de las bibliotecas patrimoniales en el ámbito nacional, así como el registro de sus fondos. Se trata, pues, de uno de los avances de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú en torno a la protección de la memoria impresa del país. En las líneas que siguen se revisará el marco conceptual, se analizará la aplicación de esta herramienta en diversos países de América Latina y España como experiencia replicable en nuestro contexto, se describirá la plataforma, y, finalmente, se presentará el plan de implementación del Catálogo Colectivo como base de un plan de protección integral que no solo esté destinado a las colecciones, sino a fortalecer las capacidades de las instituciones como método de sensibilización sobre el patrimonio.
Memoria recuperada : los libros devueltos por Chile al Perú
Authors: Trillo Auqui Gerardo Manuel
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo busca describir el largo proceso de devolución del material bibliográfico de Chile al Perú, producto de la Guerra del Pacífico y de la ocupación de Lima en 1881. Para ello, el hilo conductor de esta investigación se enmarca en el enfoque de valoración que se ha desarrollado en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú (BNP) en los últimos años, que busca destacar el valor cultural de las piezas bibliográficas en su contexto, más allá de narrar la historia del expolio sufrido como bien lo han hecho ya diversos estudiosos. Este enfoque nos permitirá no solo describir los hechos del saqueo, sino comprender lo que se perdió en aquel vergonzoso momento. Luego, daremos revisión al complejo proceso de devolución de este material saqueado, en el cual fueron determinantes las gestiones y el entorno político, que beneficiaron gestos de reconocimiento y hermandad más allá de las diferencias coyunturales.
The Relation Between Body Perception and Acceptance of Prenancy Related with The Weight Gain During The Pregnancy
Authors: Küçükkaya Burcu , Altan Sarıkaya Nihan , Kahyaoğlu Süt Hatice , Öz Sevcan
Published: December 2020

Aim: This study aims to investigate the relation between body perception and acceptance of prenancy related with the weight gain during the pregnancy. Material-Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2017 and January 2018 at the Health Research and Application Center Hospital, Gynecology and Urology Polyclinics of a university in Edirne. The study was conducted with 185 women who presented to the hospital. Data were collected with the information form prepared by the researchers according to the literature, The Subscale Body Perception of Pregnancy Self-Perception of Pregnants Scale (SPSS-BPP) and The subscale Acceptance of Pregnancy of Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ-AP). Results: The mean of age was found 29.9 ± 6.4 years, marriage time was 7.3 ± 6.5 years, gestational week was 26.0 ± 8.3 weeks, the mean of weight that they gained during pregnancy was 9.1 ± 4.1 kilos. It was determined that 64.9% of pregnants were uncomfortable with kilos and 14.6% of them thought that others were uncomfortable with their kilos. The mean of subscale Body Perception of Pregnancy of SPPS was 15.7 ± 5.4. The mean of subscale Acceptance of Pregnancy of PSEQ scores were 23.8 ± 14.6. There was a correlation between SPSS-BPP scores and PSEQ-AP scores of pregnant women. There was a correlation between weight they gained during pregnancy and SPSS-BPP and PSEQ-AP scores of pregnant women. Conclusion: According to results, while the body perception of pregnancy increased positively, the acceptance of pregnancy also increased. When the acceptance of pregnancy increased, body perception also affected positively.
Effect of Communication Technology Usage on Sleep and Physical Activity Level in Nursing Students
Authors: Çulha Yeliz , Turan Nuray , Özdemir Aydın Gülsün , Kaya Hatice , Atabek Aştı Türkinaz
Published: December 2020

Objective: The present study was conducted in order to examine effect of communication technology usage on sleep and physical activity level in nursing students. Method: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with 215 nursing students in the Nursing Department of a Faculty of Health Sciences in Istanbul in the 2016-2017 academic year. 188 nursing students who agreed to participate in the study constituted the sample group. Prior to the start of the study, the ethics committee was granted permission and informed from the students. The data were collected by using Structured Question Form, Pitsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and International Physical Activity Inventory (IPAQ short form). Data were analyzed in the program of SPSS 21.00. Results: It was determined that 86.17% of the students were female, their average age was 20.68±1.83 years, 93.6% of the students used internet, 79.3% of them had smartphones in bedrooms. It was determined that the point average of PSQI was 7.74 ± 3.41, Subjective Sleep Quality subscale 0.13±0.42, Sleep Latency 1.81 ± 0.74, Sleep Duration 1.07 ± 1,00, Habitual Sleep Efficiency 0.61±0.94, Sleep Disturbances 0.85 ± 0.98 in the Use of Sleeping Medications and 2.18±1.49 in the Daytime Dysfunctioan. According to IPAQ, the calculated weekly energy consumption point average was determined 1388.04±1644.24. Conclusion: It was seen that the amount of weekly energy in which students had poor sleep quality was low. In this case, it may be advisable not to use the technological tools too much before sleeping.
Determining the Lenght of Surgical Nurses' Allocation to Patient Care Practices and Other Interventions
Authors: Tuna Rujnan , Kahraman Birşen , Ödül Özkaya Birgül
Published: December 2020

Objective: It is important to determine how nurses use their working time in order for the health service provided by them to be effectively sustained. In this study, it was aimed to determine how surgical nurses use their working time and the seperate their times on direct and indirect patient care practices. Method: This descriptive and observational study was carried out in a public hospital in Istanbul between April and June 2017. All interventions performed by nurses in the surgical unit for one week were recorded by six independent observers by using the job sampling method with a stopwatch. Results: It was found that surgical nurses allocate 65.45% of their daily working time directly, 30.98% to indirect patient care practices, 0.52% to service-related jobs and 3.05% to personal jobs. Conclusion: Research findings revealed that surgical nurses devote the most time to patient care applications directly. In the results of working; It has become important that nurse manpower planning is done by taking into account the time spent in direct and indirect patient care practices of patients receiving treatment in the unit.
The Effect of Psychodrama Group Therapy on the Role Skills, Adaptation Process, Quality of Life and Depression Applied to Mothers of Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kaya Meral Deniz , Yıldırım Ejder Akgün
Published: December 2020

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the psychodrama group therapy on the quality of life and depression of mothers whose children have been diagnosed with T1DM, to retrieve a new relationship of mutually interactive roles in the relationship between mothers who have necessarily regressed to physiological roles with children who have been diagnosed with T1DM, and to raise the adaptability of mothers. Method: Group study with mothers with children with type 1 diabetes was consisted of 22 sessions. Fourteen individuals were included in the study: six in the therapy group and eight in the control group. The convergent parallel design, a mixed research method was used in the study. The quantitative data from the research were acquired using a “Personal Information Form”, “Beck Depression Inventory Scale (BDI)”, and “World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF-TR)”. The qualitative research data were collected using “Group Records Subjected to a Qualitative Content Analysis” and the “Social Atom Orbit Content” of participants acquired in the group application with Moreno’s social atom orbit. Results: In the study, a statistically significant decrease was found between the BDI of the group members who participated in psychodrama application pre-test post-test scores (p<0.05). It was determined that WHOQOL-BREF-TR scale scores in the therapy group increased in the posttest. In this study, the mother-child relationship was redefined by using psychodrama techniques. The formerly regressed relationship has now been transformed to a relationship of mutual contact. Conclusion: The results of our group study demonstrated that administering the psychodrama technique reduces the levels of depression in mothers with children diagnosed with T1DM, increased their quality of life scores, and was effective in harmonizing with the lives and other roles in life of the mothers.
The Difficulties That Palliative Care Unit Nurses Have While Caring the Dying Patients
Authors: Üzen Cura Sengül , Ateş Elif
Published: December 2020

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the difficulties that nurses working at palliative clinic had while caring dying patients. Method: The research was designed as a qualitative research design. The sample consisted of 9 nurses working in the palliative care clinic of a state hospital in Istanbul. Results: The findings of the study were examined under 5 themes which are nurses’ opinions on the concept of death, the difficulties they experience in caring for the dying patient, the difficulties they experience with patients’ relatives, the changes they experience in their private lives and their thoughts about death. When these themes were examined, the difficulties nurses had while providing care to dying patients were to be as follows: feeling the necessity to give constant positive feedback, not being able to communicate, the abundance of intercultural differences, the inability to relieve the pain, the excess of the reactions and expectations of the relatives of the patients, the patients and their families’ not being informed enough about the process by other health personnel. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that nurses had difficulties in caring for the dying patient and meeting the expectations of patients’ relatives, and meanwhile, working in palliative care unit caused changes in their personal characteristics and perspectives on death.
The Investigation of Knowledge and Behavior of Nursing and Midwives on Rational Drug Usage
Authors: Çobanoğlu Asuman , Kızıltan Belkız
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the knowledge and behaviors of midwives and nurses in regards to rational drug utilization. METHOD: The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in a training and research hospital of obstetrics and pediatrics, which accommodates 86 midwives and 49 nurses, from September 1 through October 1, 2017, with the participation of 27 midwives and 25 nurses (38.5%) totaling to 52 people. Granted the necessary permissions, data were collected by “Nurse / Midwife Self-Descriptive Form” and through face-to-face interviews, and were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. FINDINGS: Of the participants of the research, 50.9% were midwives and 47.2% were nurses. The most frequent drug administration error encountered by 48% of the midwives and 32% of the nurses was found to be untimely administration of medication. It was determined that 81.5% of the midwives and 80% of the nurses know how to report side effects and that 77.8% of the midwives and 96% of the nurses have never reported any side effects. 81.5% and 80% of the midwives and the nurses, respectively, stated that prior to administering medication, they inquire whether patients have drug or food allergies; 34.6% of the midwives and 30.8% of the nurses stated that unused drugs were delivered back to the pharmacy; and all participants confirmed checking the expiration dates of drugs used in the medical service. Midwives and nurses were seen to consider good their level of knowledge in intended utilization of drugs, administration routes, and duration of the effects. CONCLUSION: It has been concluded that the knowledge and behaviors of midwives and nurses in regards to rational drug utilization are satisfactory but that there is a general need for training about rational drug utilization, especially drug administration and side effect notification.
The Effect of Research Course in Nursing on Students' Awareness and Attitude Towards Research and Development
Authors: Göl İlknur , Ekici Hüsna
Published: December 2020

Aim: To determine the effect of research course in nursing on students' awareness and attitudes towards research and development. Method: The study was conducted between April 1, 2018 and May 5, 2018 in a nursing department of a university in Central Anatolia. Totally 145 students were enrolled the study. Of the 70 students took a research course and 75 did not take course agreed to participate. 122 students participated voluntarily. Data were collected using a sociodemographic data form and “Nursing Students’ Attitudes Towards and Awareness of Research and Development within Nursing Scale” Findings: The mean age of the students was 21.75 ± 1.5, 63% of them were female and 41% of them took the course of research methods. 53.3% of the research group stated that they participated in at least one research activity. The total score of the students' "Awareness and Attitudes Toward Research and Development in Nursing" scale was 116.01 ± 18.42. It was determined that the students who participated in the research course had more participation in the research activities (χ²= 7.376, p=.005) and had higher mean scores of “Nursing Students’ Attitudes Towards and Awareness of Research and Development within Nursing Scale” scores (U=1440.000, p=.061). Conclusion: The results of the study show that the research course both affects the awareness and attitude towards research and development in nursing positively and increases participation in research and scientific activities.
The Place of Nurses in Legal Regulations Related to Complementary Therapies in Turkey and The World
Authors: Kaya Şehnaz , Karakuş Zeynep , Boz İlkay , Özer Zeynep
Published: December 2020

Complementary therapies are the names given throughout the methods applied in parallel with modern medicine to gain the health of the individual. Interest in complementary therapies from the past to the present day and the frequency of use of these methods continues to increase. Increasing use of complementary therapies by the community and requiring patients to make appropriate and safe decisions in their own care requires that health care professionals have knowledge and skills in complementary therapies. In this context, nurses are expected to identify and develop their own practice of using complementary therapies, and to develop a strategy for these practices. Nurses integrating these practices into patient care and evaluating their outcomes ensure that the care provided to the patient is comprehensive and holistic. In order for these processes to take place, important policies must be established for nurses across the country. In the 1900s many countries developed politics and started to establish certificate programs and projects. Regarding national and international legislation, it is seen that legal regulations are not sufficient, especially for nurses. In this review, national and international legal arrangements for complementary therapies and the place of complementary therapies in nursing will be discussed.
Comparison of Stress Levels in Risky and Non-Risky Pregnancies
Authors: Mete Samiye , Fata Sevcan , Özberk Hülya
Published: December 2020

Objective: In this descriptive and comparative study, it was aimed to compare the stress levels between risky and non-risky pregnancies. Methods: Four hundred pregnant women participated in this study. Half of these women consisted of 200 women who spontaneously conceived and had no risk of pregnancy. The other half of the women constituted 200 women who became pregnant with assisted reproductive techniques and who did not have any pregnancy related risk or who had spontaneous pregnancy and who had a pregnancy related risk. Women were filled out Personal Information Form and Prenatal Distress Questionnaire. The risky and non-risky pregnancy groups were evaluated for homogeneity of variances with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Independent t test was used to evaluate the mean difference between the Prenatal Distress Questionnaire and the sub-scale for the risky and non-risky pregnancy groups. The one-way ANOVA was used to determine the mean difference between risky groups (risky pregnancy) and non-risky pregnancy groups. Results: Stress levels and financial concerns related to health care quality and health status were found to be higher in women with risky pregnancy. When stress levels were compared between risky and non-risk pregnant women, it was determined that pregnant women with hypertension experienced significantly more stress than other pregnant women. Conclusion: In risky pregnant women, especially women with hypertension problem, it is necessary to determine level of the stress. While giving nursing care to women with risky pregnancies, determining the stress levels and causes may have a positive impact on the pregnancy process.