bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tribunal Constitucional como valedor del Derecho de la Unión
Authors: Conde Pumpido Cándido
Published: November 2024

Hace poco más de dos años, el 6 de mayo de 2022, pude escuchar del presidente del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, Koen Lenaerts, en una visita al Tribunal Constitucional español afirmar que el Tribunal Constitucional español es uno de los más prestigiosos, respetados y admirados de Europa, cuya influencia ha servido de puente entre los Tribunales Constitucionales europeos y los Tribunales Constitucionales de Latinoamérica. Señaló, también, su virtud en interpretar la Constitución española como una norma abierta al proyecto de integración europea. En mi opinión, eran ciertas sus apreciaciones. En un análisis retrospectivo de largo alcance, puedo visualizar un Tribunal Constitucional que, pese a afirmar la no pertenencia del Derecho de la Unión al canon de constitucionalidad, ello no le impidió que, apenas alcanzado el lustro desde la adhesión de España a la actual Unión Europea, iniciare de forma pausada una jurisprudencia con la que va progresivamente diseñando una garantía constitucional para el Derecho de la Unión. Tengo la profunda convicción de que el Tribunal que hoy presido ha cumplido un papel muy relevante como valedor del Derecho de la Unión; sin embargo, la conciencia de que dicha jurisprudencia ha sido controvertida en más de una ocasión, es mi leit motiv para escribir estas líneas, en las que pretendo poner de manifiesto una coherencia interna, un hilo conductor y una posición sostenida, aunque sin duda evolutiva. A mi parecer, es una verdad incontestable que el Tribunal Constitucional coopera de forma muy relevante a la implementación del Derecho de la Unión en el ordenamiento jurídico español. Debo destacar que esa jurisprudencia ha sido dictada especialmente en los últimos 10 años y, muy especialmente, en el último lustro, formando parte de un esfuerzo —en el que he participado activamente— para crear un Tribunal Constitucional más comprometido con el Derecho de la Unión...
Screening Apatite for Potential Use as a U-Pb Geochronometer in Zircon-Poor Magmatic Rocks: Age of Late-Stage Alkaline Magmatism in the Bolnisi District, Georgia
Authors: Sönmez Şafak U. , Paul André N. , Popkhadze Nino , Ulianov Alexey , Moritz Robert
Published: November 2024

The timing of Late Cretaceous shoshonitic magmatism in the Georgian Bolnisi district within the Lesser Caucasus is poorly understood due to the absence of zircon for reliable age determination. This study addresses this gap by reporting new ID-TIMS U-Pb apatite ages, along with their textural and chemical characteristics analyzed by EPMA and LA-ICP-MS. Both magmatic and hydrothermal features were identified and we determined suitable apatite crystals for reliable radiogenic dating. Additionally, we report new LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages from stratigraphically older rhyodacite samples to constrain the temporal framework for magmatic events in the Bolnisi district.

Hydrothermal apatite grains from stratigraphically older rhyodacite exhibit pale yellow to yellow luminescent colors, with low concentrations of light rare earth elements (LREEs) (e.g., La, Ce, Pr, Nd), U, Th, and Pb, alongside a depleted Sr/Y ratio. These apatite grains are primarily hosted by plagioclase and hornblende crystals, having undergone low-temperature fluid alteration, resulting in a low Pb*/Pbc ratio, unsuitable for reliable radiogenic age determination. Magmatic apatite grains from the rhyodacite display dark yellow to brown luminescent colors, enriched in LREEs and Cl, but low in U, Th, and Pb. Their Pb*/Pbc ratio suggests slight thermal overprint from Eocene magmatic activity or late-stage hydrothermal fluids, while retaining a magmatic origin.

In contrast, apatite grains from alkaline trachyandesite exhibit higher concentrations of Sr, SiO2, and LREEs, distinguished by a blue luminescent color. These apatite grains have a higher Pb*/Pbc ratio, suitable for determining radiogenic magmatic ages within the study area.

Uranium-lead zircon LA-ICP-MS geochronology yielded weighted mean ages of 82.9 ± 0.4 Ma to 81.6 ± 0.8 Ma for stratigraphically older rhyodacite, consistent with previous studies in the Bolnisi district. The stratigraphically younger trachyandesite yielded a U-Pb apatite weighted mean ID-TIMS age of 80.4 ± 2.0 Ma, thus providing a robust temporal framework for the alkaline magmatic event, necessary for understanding the geological evolution of the Bolnisi district.
New Minerals from the Redmond Mine, North Carolina, USA: VIII. Dinilawiite, a Thiosulfate Mineral with an Open Framework Structure
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Smith Jason B. , Hughes John M. , Ma Chi , Emproto Christopher
Published: November 2024

The new mineral dinilawiite, [Pb4OAl(OH)6]2(S2O3)2·(S2O3)(H2O)5 (IMA2023-061), was found in the Redmond mine, Haywood County, North Carolina, USA, where it occurs in a highly unusual secondary assemblage that comprises a variety of rare Pb-Zn-Cu sulfates, thiosulfates, and carbonates. Dinilawiite was found in vugs in massive galena-sphalerite-chalcopyrite-quartz in close association with hydroredmondite, steverustite, sulfatoredmondite, and susannite. Dinilawiite crystals are ubiquitously twinned tablets, up to about 0.4 mm across, with angled striations. Crystals always occur in tightly intergrown subparallel clusters. The mineral is colorless but sometimes appears light reddish brown due to inclusions or transmitted color of the matrix. The luster is vitreous. The mineral is brittle with curved fracture and no cleavage. The Mohs hardness is about 2. The calculated density is 4.727 g/cm3. The mineral is biaxial (+) with α = 1.805(5), β = 1.824 (calc), γ = 1.854 (calc) (white light). The 2V is 78(1)° with moderate r > v dispersion. The optical orientation is Z = b,Y^ c = 17° in the obtuse angle β and there is no pleochroism. Electron microprobe analyses provided the empirical formula [Pb4.00OAl1.00(OH)6]2(S2O3)2·(S2O3)0.60(SO4)0.28(OH)0.28(H2O)5.32. Dinilawiite is monoclinic, I2/a, a = 17.4100(5), b = 9.2191(2), c = 21.6980(15) Å, β = 107.276(8)°, V = 3325.5(3) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure of dinilawiite (R1 = 0.0363 for 3190 I > 2σI), contains [Pb4OAl(OH)6]3+ chains formed by linkages of alternating OPb4 tetrahedra and Al(OH)6 octahedra. The chains are linked into an open framework by bonds to thiosulfate groups. Large channels within the framework contain H2O groups and a disordered mixed thiosulfate/sulfate group.
Bouteflika’s Foreign Policy in the Service of Algeria’s Internal Power Struggle, 1999–2004
Authors: Özgür Berkan
Published: November 2024

In 1999, Algeria’s military establishment nominated former foreign minister ‘Abd al-‘Aziz Bouteflika as president in order to leverage his diplomatic skills to stabilize the country and end its isolation amid a brutal civil war. Instead, Bouteflika strategically employed Algerian foreign policy to consolidate his own personal power against the military. In this article I explore how Algerian foreign policy thus became instrumental in the domestic power struggle between the army and the civilian president, arguing that this was essential to Bouteflika’s solidification and maintenance of power.
Egypt: Revolution Squared: Tahrir, Political Possibilities, and Counterrevolution in Egypt, by Atef Shahat (book review)
Authors: El-Ghobashy Mona
Published: November 2024

Revolution Squared: Tahrir, Political Possibilities, and Counterrevolution in Egypt, by Atef Shahat Said. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2023. 360 pages. $109.95 cloth; $29.95 paper
Iran: What Iranians Want: Women, Life, Freedom, by Arash Azizi (book review)
Authors: Eschmann Katelyn
Published: November 2024

What Iranians Want: Women, Life, Freedom, by Arash Azizi. New York: Oneworld Publications, 2024. 256 pages. $28 cloth, $18.95 paper, $18.99 e-book.
Syria: Statelet of Survivors: The Making of a Semi-Autonomous Region in Northeast Syria, by Amy Austin Holmes (book review)
Authors: Firmian Federico Manfredi
Published: November 2024

Statelet of Survivors: The Making of a Semi-Autonomous Region in Northeast Syria, by Amy Austin Holmes. New York: Oxford University Press, 2024. 270 pages. $99 cloth, $29.95 paper.
United Arab Emirates: The UAE after the Arab Spring: Strategy for Survival, by Khalifa Al-Suwaidi, and New Order in the Gulf: The Rise of the UAE, by Dina Esfandiary (book review)
Authors: Ulrichsen Kristian Coates
Published: November 2024

The UAE after the Arab Spring: Strategy for Survival, by Khalifa Al-Suwaidi. London, I. B. Tauris: 2023. 209 pages. $115 cloth, $39.95 paper, $103.50 e-book. New Order in the Gulf: The Rise of the UAE, by Dina Esfandiary. London, I. B. Tauris: 2023. 193 pages. $100 cloth, $34.95 paper; $31.45 e-book.
Modern History and Politics: Soldiers of Democracy? Military Legacies and the Arab Spring, by Sharan Grewal (book review)
Authors: Bou Nassif Hicham
Published: November 2024

Soldiers of Democracy? Military Legacies and the Arab Spring, by Sharan Grewal. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023. 352 pages. $110 cloth, $35 paper.
IMPROVING DIGITAL LITERACY BASED ON INTEGRATION OF SCIENCES IN 21st CENTURY CYBER PEDAGOGY
Authors:   New Century University Head Of The Department Of General Education Phd., Docent, Uzbekistan, Bekchonova Shoira
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the integration of cyber pedagogy, one of the hot topics of the 21st century. By combining different disciplines such as computer science, media literacy, and information technology, teachers can help students develop properly in online and offline education in a world based on digital technology. It is explained that it provides the necessary knowledge and skills.
IMPROVING METHODS FOR DEVELOPING HEALTHY THINKING
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophical Sciences in Psychology (PhD), Acting Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of UzSWLU, Uzbekistan, Atakhanova Sayera Otkurovna
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the essence of the concept of healthy thinking, methods for improving healthy thinking, principles, directions of healthy thinking, and individual characteristics of thinking.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS' PHRASEOLOGICAL COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LESSONS (BASED ON EXAMPLES FROM GRADES 5-9)
Authors:   Doctoral Student At Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Gulilola Zokirova
Published: November 2024

This article explores the significance of developing phraseological competence in English language lessons for students in grades 5-9. It highlights the importance of idiomatic expressions, collocations, and fixed phrases in achieving effective communication and language proficiency. The article presents various technological tools, including interactive learning platforms, digital storytelling tools, online phraseology resources, video and multimedia resources, and mobile applications, that can enhance students’ understanding and use of phraseological units. Practical classroom examples illustrate how these technologies can be integrated into lesson plans to foster engagement and collaboration among students. Ultimately, the article underscores the role of educators in equipping students with the necessary skills to navigate the complexities of the English language, preparing them for success in diverse contexts.
ENHANCING COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE ELEMENTARY EDUCATION TEACHERS IN QUALITY ASSESSMENT THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION
Authors:   Ph.D., Associate Professor New Century University, Uzbekistan, Urazova Zulfia
Published: November 2024

This article emphasises the significance of interdisciplinary integration in enhancing the competencies of future primary education teachers for comprehensive evaluation of education quality, thereby expanding their capabilities. It outlines methods to help teachers better understand the complex factors influencing educational outcomes.
Güncel Üroloji Çalışmaları VI - Ürolojik Aciller
Authors: Arslan Ahmet Mervan , Hasırcı Eray , Cincorop Serdar , Çolak Fatih , Perolli Nijazi , Akça Görkem , Orman Erdem , Demir Murat , Yazar Selim , Dil Eyüp , Bulut Ender Cem , Kaba Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Priapizm
Ahmet Mervan ARSLAN
Eray HASIRCI
Penil Fraktür
Serdar CİNCOROP
Fatih ÇOLAK
Böbrek Travmaları
Nijazi PEROLLİ
Fatih ÇOLAK
Üreter Travmaları
Görkem AKÇA
Erdem ORMAN
Mesane Yaralanmaları
Murat DEMİR
Üretra Travmaları
Selim YAZAR
Eyüp DİL
Postrenal Akut Böbrek Yetmezliği
Ender Cem BULUT
Gebelikte Obstruksiyona Neden Olan Ürolitiazis
Mustafa KABA
Diabetic Foot Infection: Understanding the Disease its Diagnosis and Prevention
Authors: Rajput Versha , Bisht Sakshi
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a thorough overview of current concepts regarding the evaluation and management of diabetic foot infections. One of the most serious and frequent complications that patients with diabetes mellitus come across is diabetic foot infections. A comprehensive investigation of the literature on diabetic foot infections has been conducted, with a focus on the Diabetes mellitus, pathophysiology, identifiable risk factors, evaluation (including physical examination and laboratory values), treatment approaches, and determining the infection's severity. Preventing severe limb loss and maintaining function are the goals of treating diabetic foot infections. Most diabetic foot infections are caused by polymicrobial organisms. It is probable that a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes are present at the infection site. Controlling the infection and avoiding more morbidity requires early lesion detection, timely initiation of the proper antibiotic therapy, and surgical excision of necrotic tissue and bone.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Lithological Mapping Using Landsat 9 Data in Central Western Highlands of Yemen
Authors: Al-Sururi Samah Ali
Published: November 2024

This research designed the lithological units of the Central Western Highlands of Yemen (encompassing parts of Dhamar, Raymah, Sana’a, and northern Ibb) using Landsat 9 imagery. The area's complex geological features, characterized by units of the Yemen Volcanic Group from the Tertiary and Quaternary eras, Tertiary granite intrusions, and limestone, sandstone, metamorphic rocks, and Quaternary deposits, pose challenges for traditional field mapping techniques. By leveraging the spectral resolution of Landsat 9, this study aims to achieve accurate classification and mapping of lithological units. ENVI 5.6 software was used for image processing, applying a supervised classification approach represented by the two most common methods: Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC), based on training samples for each lithological class. The accuracy assessment of the classification was validated through an error matrix. The overall accuracy of SVM reached 85.3% with a Kappa coefficient of 0.8, while the overall accuracy of MLC reached 83.3% with a Kappa coefficient of 0.8, indicating a high degree of consistency and reliability in the classification process. This signifies a highly reliable classification outcome. The findings of this study highlight the significant advantages of utilizing Landsat 9 for detailed geological mapping of complex terrains, demonstrating a notable improvement in efficiency and accuracy over traditional methodologies. It can be relied upon to classify lithological units in other areas.
Physical Properties of Soils in Selected Subdivisions in Tacloban City and Palo, Leyte
Authors: L. Aloro Asnar , N. Katangkatang Eppie
Published: November 2024

The study was conducted to analyzed and to determine the physical properties of soil such as texture, bulk density, water holding capacity, soil moisture content, pH, and organic matter content in selected subdivisions in Tacloban City and Palo, Leyte. Analysis of pH, texture, water holding capacity, and organic matter was at the Soil Research Testing and Plant Analysis Laboratory (SRTPAL) Department of Agronomy and Soil Science (DASS) VSU Baybay, Leyte. While the bulk density, soil moisture content was computed using the standard formula. To analyzed the result Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using the SPSS Program to determine whether soils from subdivisions categorized as waterlogged and mountainous, developed and developing subdivisions derived from their filling and parent materials were significant different. The results showed that soils from various categories from subdivisions had no significant effect on bulk density, water holding capacity, & soil moisture content. However, some properties such as soil pH were significant in the waterlogged and mountainous area. It is recommended that a further study be conducted to include all appropriate soil parameters and procedures such as liming for acid soils, cause of erosion, flooding, water drainage capacity, depth to water table and other significant soil quality parameters. Also recommend for in-depth study by the developers and engineers to ensure that the soil quality be suitable for housing and for the safety of the homeowners.
Optimization of Quadcopter Propeller Aerodynamics Using Blade Element and Vortex Theory
Authors: Ileanaju Ugbane Solomon , Umeaku Chima , Peter Idoko Idoko , Anebi Enyejo Lawrence , Idongesit Michael Comfort , Efe Frank
Published: November 2024

The optimization of quadcopter propeller aerodynamics is crucial for enhancing the efficiency and stability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), especially in their increasing applications across various sectors, including humanitarian relief and delivery services. This study focuses on optimizing quadcopter propeller performance using Blade Element Theory and Glauert Vortex Theory to analyze the aerodynamic properties and predict thrust generation accurately. Experimental methods, including wind tunnel testing and static thrust measurements, were used to validate the theoretical models. The results indicate a close correlation between theoretical predictions and experimental data, providing insights into improving propeller efficiency and mitigating aerodynamic losses. By understanding the propeller characteristics, this research contributes to the development of advanced drone propulsion systems with enhanced thrust, reduced drag, and better overall flight performance. The findings also highlight the impact of environmental factors such as turbulence and blade geometry on quadcopter stability, pointing toward areas for further improvement in propeller design. This paper serves as a valuable resource for drone hobbyists, engineers, and researchers seeking to enhance UAV performance through optimized propeller aerodynamics.
Centenary Paper: El concepto de historiografía de Cervantes y su posición entre los historiadores
Authors: GÓMEZ MARTOS FRANCISCO
Published: November 2024

En este artículo se defiende que Miguel de Cervantes tuvo un concepto clásico de la historiografía que consistía, fundamentalmente, en estudiar hechos políticos del pasado reciente. En relación con ese concepto, aquí se analiza e interpreta
Don Quijote de la Mancha
como parodia de las prácticas historiográficas del Siglo de Oro, especialmente aquellas dedicadas al estudio de la Antigüedad, que no se ajustaban al canon cervantino. Asimismo, este trabajo analiza el ambiente cortesano en el que convivían literatos e historiadores y subraya algunas afinidades entre Cervantes e historiadores y escritores como Luis Cabrera de Córdoba y Pedro Mantuano, con quienes Cervantes compartió ideas sobre cómo escribir historia, estrategias para asociarse con el entorno del duque de Lerma y animadversión por adversarios como Juan de Mariana.
Centenary Paper: Terror
queer
en el cine español contemporáneo:
La abuela
(Paco Plaza, 2021) y
Malasaña 32
(Albert Pintó, 2020)
Authors: MELERO ALEJANDRO
Published: November 2024

El éxito de numerosos títulos del cine de terror español contemporáneo debe entenderse en el contexto de un género con una larga tradición de arraigo popular. Las películas que se estudian en este artículo,
La abuela
(Paco Plaza, 2021) y
Malasaña 32
(Albert Pintó, 2020), se cuentan entre las más destacadas de esta nueva ola de terror, y presentan rasgos reconocibles para los estudiosos del género. En concreto, ambas recurren a la presentación de personajes
queer
para, a partir de una representación terrorífica de la otredad, explotar los mecanismos de la homofobia. En este artículo se reconocen estos casos de estudio en la tradición del cine de terror
queer
español y se analizan las particularidades de estos nuevos ejemplos. Se centra en cómo la representación del cuerpo
queer
, no normativo y no reproductor, sirve de base para la creación de un nuevo horror. Al mismo tiempo, se analiza cómo estas películas incorporan otras ansiedades de los espectadores contemporáneos, especialmente las causadas por la gentrificación en las grandes ciudades.
Centenary Paper: ‘Nossas amorizades’: Homosexual Love in José Luandino Vieira’s
João Vêncio: os seus amores
Authors: HENIGHAN STEPHEN
Published: November 2024

The Angolan writer José Luandino Vieira was imprisoned by the Portuguese colonial regime from 1962 to 1972, first in a Luanda prison, then, after 1964, in the Tarrafal concentration camp on the island of Santiago. Most of Vieira’s fiction was written during his incarceration. His early stories and short novels presented the mixing of the Portuguese and Kimbundu languages in the poor
musseques
(Black townships) around Luanda as a potentially revolutionary idiom capable of forging the future Angolan nation. The present article argues that, due to external pressures that accumulated in 1968, Vieira’s short novel
João Vêncio: os seus amores
marks a watershed in its more free-flowing linguistic experimentation and its explicit account, glossed over by earlier criticism, of a homosexual male relationship. Through textual analysis and the study of intertextual references to the work of João Guimarães Rosa and Ernest Hemingway, this article establishes
João Vêncio: os seus amores
as both a pioneering work of gay fiction in Angolan literature and the necessary prelude to the books that Vieira would write during his final years in Tarrafal.
Alcohol, Work and Play in Convict Australia
Authors: O’Keefe Shannon , Allen Matthew , Maxwell-Stewart Hamish , Quinlan Michael
Published: November 2024

This article critiques previous attempts to contextualise the culture of drinking in convict Australia, arguing that such practices were embedded within a moral economy of work. It explains the importance of alcohol in British society and the manner in which its relationship to labour changed with industrialisation. Analysing quantitative and qualitive evidence drawn from court and convict records, it demonstrates how alcohol was used to motivate labour in both rural and urban settings. Looking more closely at the timing of drinking charges, it identifies distinct patterns for urban and rural convict workers documenting an increasing management tendency to distinguish sober work from drunken leisure. It concludes with a discussion of popular drinking as a form of agentive resistance and its policing as a means of labour management.
Yuti: A General-purpose Transit Simulator for Arbitrary Shaped Objects Orbiting Stars
Authors: Bhowmick Ushasi , Khaire Vikram
Published: November 2024

We present a versatile transit simulator (Yuti) aimed at generating light curves for arbitrarily shaped objects transiting stars. Utilizing a Monte Carlo algorithm, it accurately models the stellar flux blocked by these objects, producing precise light curves. The simulator adeptly handles realistic background stars, integrating effects such as tidal distortions and limb darkening, alongside the rotational dynamics of transiting objects of arbitrary geometries. We showcase its wide-ranging utility through successful simulations of light curves for single- and multiplanet systems, tidally distorted planets, eclipsing binaries, and exocomets. Additionally, our simulator can simulate light curves for hypothetical alien megastructures of any conceivable shape, providing avenues to identify interesting candidates for follow-up studies. We demonstrate applications of Yuti in modeling a Dyson swarm in construction, Dyson rings, and Dyson disks, discussing how tidally locked Dyson disks can be distinguished from planetary light curves.
A Strong Gravitational Lens Is Worth a Thousand Dark Matter Halos: Inference on Small-scale Structure Using Sequential Methods
Authors: Wagner-Carena Sebastian , Lee Jaehoon , Pennington Jeffrey , Aalbers Jelle , Birrer Simon , Wechsler Risa H.
Published: November 2024

Strong gravitational lenses are a singular probe of the Universe’s small-scale structure—they are sensitive to the gravitational effects of low-mass (<1010
M
⊙) halos even without a luminous counterpart. Recent strong-lensing analyses of dark matter structure rely on simulation-based inference (SBI). Modern SBI methods, which leverage neural networks as density estimators, have shown promise in extracting the halo-population signal. However, it is unclear whether the constraints from these models are limited by the methodology or the data. In this study, we introduce an accelerator-optimized simulation pipeline that can generate lens images with realistic subhalo populations in milliseconds. Leveraging this simulator, we identify the main limitation of our fiducial SBI analysis: training set size. We then adopt a sequential neural posterior estimation (SNPE) approach, allowing us to refine the training distribution to align with the observed data. Using only one-fifth as many mock Hubble Space Telescope images, SNPE matches the constraints on the low-mass halo population produced by our best nonsequential model. Our experiments suggest that an over 3 order-of-magnitude increase in training set size and GPU hours would be required to achieve an equivalent result without sequential methods. While the full potential of the existing lens sample remains to be explored, the notable improvement in constraining power enabled by our sequential approach highlights that current constraints are limited primarily by methodology and not the data itself. Moreover, our results emphasize the need to treat training set generation and model optimization as interconnected stages of any cosmological analysis using SBI.
Radial Wave in the Galactic Disk: New Clues to Discriminate Different Perturbations
Authors: Cao Chengye , Li Zhao-Yu , Schönrich Ralph , Antoja Teresa
Published: November 2024

Decoding the key dynamical processes that shape the Galactic disk structure is crucial for reconstructing the Milky Way’s evolution history. The second Gaia data release unveils a novel wave pattern in the L

Z
−〈V

R
〉 space, but its formation mechanism remains elusive due to the intricate nature of involved perturbations and the challenges in disentangling their effects. Utilizing the latest Gaia DR3 data, we find that the L

Z
−〈V

R
〉 wave systematically shifts toward lower L

Z
for dynamically hotter stars with larger J

Z
values. The amplitude of this phase shift between stars of different dynamical hotness (ΔL

Z
) peaks at around 2100 km s−1 kpc. To differentiate the role of different perturbations, we perform three sets of test particle simulations, wherein a satellite galaxy, transient spiral arms, and a bar plus the transient spiral arms act as the sole perturber, respectively. Under the satellite impact, the phase shift amplitude ΔL

Z
decreases toward higher L

Z
, which we interpret through a toy model of radial phase mixing. While neither the transient spiral arms nor the bar generates an azimuthally universal phase shift variation pattern, combining the bar and spirals generates a characteristic ΔL

Z
peak at the 2:1 outer Lindblad resonance (OLR) of the bar, qualitatively resembling the observed feature. Therefore, the L

Z
−〈V

R
〉 wave is more likely of internal origin. Furthermore, linking the ΔL

Z
peak to the 2:1 OLR offers a novel approach to constraining the pattern speed of the Galactic bar, supporting the long/slow bar model.
Electron Influence on the Parallel Proton Firehose Instability in 10-moment, Multifluid Simulations
Authors: Walters Jada , Klein Kristopher G. , Lichko Emily , Juno James , TenBarge Jason M.
Published: November 2024

Instabilities driven by pressure anisotropy play a critical role in modulating the energy transfer in space and astrophysical plasmas. For the first time, we simulate the evolution and saturation of the parallel proton firehose instability using a multifluid model without adding artificial viscosity. These simulations are performed using a 10-moment, multifluid model with local and gradient relaxation heat-flux closures in high-β proton–electron plasmas. When these higher-order moments are included and pressure anisotropy is permitted to develop in all species, we find that the electrons have a significant impact on the saturation of the parallel proton firehose instability, modulating the proton pressure anisotropy as the instability saturates. Even for lower β's more relevant to heliospheric plasmas, we observe a pronounced electron energization in simulations using the gradient relaxation closure. Our results indicate that resolving the electron pressure anisotropy is important to correctly describe the behavior of multispecies plasma systems.
A New Framework for Understanding Systematic Errors in Cluster Lens Modeling. III. Deflection from Large-Scale Structure
Authors: Madhava Aniruddha , Keeton Charles R.
Published: November 2024

Interpreting and reconstructing distant sources that are gravitationally lensed by galaxy clusters requires accurate and precise lens models. While high-quality data sets have reduced statistical errors in such models, systematic errors remain important. We examine systematic lensing effects caused by density fluctuations due to large-scale structure along the line of sight. We use a multiplane ray-tracing algorithm with the IllustrisTNG 100-3 cosmological simulation of matter distribution and compute the statistical distributions of shear, convergence, and higher-order deflections using two Hubble Frontier Field clusters as examples (A2744 and MACS J0416.1−2403). The cosmic shear distribution is Gaussian in each component, while the cosmic convergence distribution is skewed such that 1 + κ is consistent with a log-normal distribution; the standard deviations for these quantities are at the level of a few to 10%, depending on the redshift of the source. The deflection from higher-order terms beyond convergence and shear has significant scatter: the rms deflection is ∼15″, considerably larger than the image position residuals for current lens models. These results indicate that line-of-sight deflection effects due to large-scale structure can significantly impact lens models and should not be neglected. We present results in forms that can be incorporated into future cluster lens models.
Identifying Jittering Jet-shaped Ejecta in the Cygnus Loop Supernova Remnant
Authors: Shishkin Dmitry , Kaye Roy , Soker Noam
Published: November 2024

Analyzing images of the Cygnus Loop, a core-collapse supernova (CCSN) remnant, in different emission bands, we identify a point-symmetrical morphology composed of three symmetry axes that we attribute to shaping by three pairs of jets. The main jet axis has an elongated S shape, appearing as a faint narrow zone in visible and UV. We term it the S-shaped hose, and the structure of three symmetry lines the point-symmetric wind rose. The two other lines connect a protrusion (an ear or a bulge) with a hole on the opposite side of the center (a nozzle or a cavity), structures that we identify in the X-ray, UV, visible, IR, and/or radio images. There is a well-known blowout at the southern end of the S-shaped hose, and we identify a possible opposite blowout at the northern end of the S-shaped hose. The point-symmetrical morphology of the Cygnus Loop is according to the expectation of the jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM) of CCSNe, where several to few tens of pairs of jets with stochastically varying directions explode the star. The three pairs of jets that shaped the wind-rose structure of the Cygnus Loop are the last energetic pairs of this series of jets. Our study further supports the JJEM as the main explosion mechanism of CCSNe.
An Independent Measure of the Kinematic Dipole from SDSS
Authors: Tiwari Prabhakar , Schwarz Dominik J. , Zhao Gong-Bo , Durrer Ruth , Kunz Martin , Padmanabhan Hamsa
Published: November 2024

We utilize the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey catalogs with precise spectroscopic redshifts to estimate the kinematic redshift dipole caused by the proper motion of the solar system. We find that the velocity extracted from the kinematic dipole is consistent with cosmic microwave background (CMB) inferred values. Although the small sky coverage and limited number density of the SDSS sources constrain us from obtaining precise and robust measurements, we leverage the redshift dipole method to estimate the kinematic dipole. The velocity measurements in this study are insensitive to intrinsic clustering, associated with the source count dipole. The kinematic dipole measured in this work and its consistency with CMB values do not guarantee isotropy at large scales. The anisotropy (excess dipole) measured with the NRAO VLA Sky Survey and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Catalog could be due to the intrinsic distribution of galaxies. The results in this work focus solely on the kinematic dipole term.
Time Variation of the Solar Tachocline
Authors: Basu Sarbani , Andrade de Aguiar Wesley Antônio Machado , Korzennik Sylvain G.
Published: November 2024

We have used solar oscillation frequencies and frequency splittings obtained over solar cycles 23 and 24 and the rising phase of solar cycle 25 to investigate whether the tachocline properties (the change in the rotation rate across the tachocline. i.e., the jump, the width, and the position) show any time variation. We confirm that the change in rotation rate across the tachocline changes substantially; however, the change does not show a simple correlation with solar cycle unlike, for instance, changes in mode frequencies. The change during the ascending phase of solar cycle 25 is almost a mirror image of the change during the descending part of solar cycle 24, tempting us to speculate that the tachocline has a much longer period than either the sunspot or the magnetic cycle. We also find that the position of the tachocline, defined as the midpoint of the change in rotation rate, showed significant changes during solar cycle 24. The width of the tachocline, on the other hand, has shown significant changes during solar cycle 23 but not later. The change in the tachocline becomes more visible if we look at the upper and lower extents of the tachocline, defined as (position ± width). We find that for epochs around solar maxima and minima, the extent decreases before increasing again—a few more years of data should clarify this trend. Our results reinforce the need to continue helioseismic monitoring of the Sun to understand solar activity and its evolution.
Réflexions sur l’esprit de défense
Authors: Védrine Hubert
Published: November 2024

L’esprit de défense implique une analyse des menaces, une assurance du patriotisme et une mobilisation de moyens d’action. La France, sous l’autorité du président de la République, chef des armées, a une longue tradition de vision budgétaire pluriannuelle des besoins militaires. Avec l’invasion russe de l’Ukraine, elle est passée de la « mondialisation heureuse » à une intégration de la défense européenne sous pavillon de l’OTAN, avec les incertitudes de la prochaine élection présidentielle américaine. Reste à savoir où en est le patriotisme en France. Comme dans d’autres pays, il est érodé par l’individualisme, le consumérisme, le pourrissement de la question migratoire et un anticapitalisme s’accompagnant de populisme. Dans ces conditions, un programme ciblé, méthodique et pédagogique d’affermissement du patriotisme, enrichi d’expériences de visions européennes, serait souhaitable.
Un regain de patriotisme chez les jeunes
Authors: Muxel Anne
Published: November 2024

Des enquêtes menées par la Direction générale des relations internationales et de la stratégie (DGRIS) révèlent que le lien entre armée et jeunesse demeure important, en l’occurrence pour la plus jeune génération, particulièrement connectée à l’actualité. Ces derniers considèrent par ailleurs l’imminence d’un conflit comme inéluctable. Chez eux, les notions d’engagement et de mobilisation n’ont pas décliné, charge à l’armée et à la société civile de s’y adapter.
L’idéal républicain du citoyen soldat
Authors: Holeindre Jean-Vincent
Published: November 2024

L’esprit de défense désigne l’engagement des membres d’une communauté politique lorsque celle-ci est attaquée ou susceptible de l’être. L’expression renvoie à la sphère militaire, mais dans la France républicaine, la défense touche plus largement au sentiment, politique et social, d’appartenir à une seule et même nation, indivisible, libre, égalitaire, fraternelle. Dans l’histoire, le marqueur républicain provient de l’idéal du citoyen-soldat hérité de la Grèce et de la Rome antiques. Selon Machiavel, l’oubli de ce modèle fondé sur l’engagement citoyen a conduit les cités italiennes à leur perte. En faisant appel au mercenariat, la République de Florence a cassé le ressort civique qui assure la protection militaire et la pérennité politique. Dans la période récente, l’exemple de l’Ukraine rappelle les bienfaits de l’esprit de défense « républicain ». La capacité de se défendre n’existe pas sans liberté politique et à cet égard, les démocraties sont moins fragiles qu’il n’y paraît.
Défense et territoires : quels rôles pour les différents acteurs ?
Authors: Korb Robert , Cazanave Gilles
Published: November 2024

Le rapport d’information n° 2650 fait ressortir une distance manifeste entre les administrations territoriales et le monde militaire, ceci dans un contexte où un rapprochement entre ces deux secteurs est plus que jamais nécessaire. Plus généralement, il importe que les questions de défense puissent être mieux considérées par tous les acteurs tels que les citoyens, les collectivités locales, les entreprises et les associations.
Une double vie : journaliste et officier réserviste d’état-major
Authors: Servent Pierre
Published: November 2024

Marqué durablement par l’expérience militaire, Pierre Servent a mené de front une carrière avec une double casquette : journaliste à l’état civil et officier de réserve en parallèle. Ces deux expériences en coexistence se sont nourries mutuellement, sans que l’une ne l’emporte sur l’autre. Il a pu ainsi observer une évolution de l’attention des médias aux questions de défense, aboutissant au conflit russo-ukrainien actuel, et répondant à une curiosité accrue de la population. Dans sa mission, il met particulièrement l’accent sur l’importance de la transmission et de la pédagogie.
L’esprit de défense européen
Authors: Kahn Sylvain
Published: November 2024

Le conflit entre la Russie et l’Ukraine est apparu comme un élément déclencheur du lien qui soude les pays du continent européen. Ce sont en effet l’ensemble des États européens qui reconnaissent et appuient l’Ukraine dans sa lutte contre la tentative d’invasion russe. Ce soutien global n’occulte pas une diversité dans l’acceptation des mesures d’appui, traduisant un esprit de défense au niveau européen encore en progrès.
Le modèle finlandais de défense et de sécurité
Authors: Bertaux Claire
Published: November 2024

Le mot finlandais du Sisu est nécessaire pour comprendre le système de défense finlandais. Ce mot, intraduisible en français, est utilisé pour décrire la ténacité et la résilience de la société finlandaise. Or, c’est ce que reflète le modèle finlandais, la volonté d’une population toute entière de défendre son territoire. Cette volonté s’est forgée par l’histoire du pays et son voisinage avec la Russie. Cela explique les choix qui ont été faits en matière de défense comme celui d’une armée de conscription et d’une réserve forte. Cela permet également de comprendre que le modèle de défense finlandais est un modèle global qui met l’ensemble de la société au service de la défense territoriale.
La Baltique, région stratégique pour l’Europe de la défense
Authors: de Kaniv Nathalie
Published: November 2024

Neuf pays côtiers composent la région de la mer Baltique, cette partie du continent européen, jadis dessinée par le voisinage entre l’URSS et les pays de l’Europe du Nord qui est aujourd’hui largement dominée par des pays désormais membres de l’OTAN et de l’UE. Depuis l’agression russe contre l’Ukraine et la demande quasi immédiate de la Suède et de la Finlande de rejoindre l’Alliance atlantique, la position stratégique de la Baltique a pris une nouvelle dimension. Face à l’agression russe en Ukraine, solidarité et coopération, s’appuyant sur des acquis solides, ont jusque-là prévalu avec le déploiement de forces otaniennes, la protection des infrastructures critiques, les réorientations des approvisionnements énergétiques, le renforcement des mesures de cyberdéfense et le soutien sans faille à l’Ukraine. Si, aujourd’hui, le discours politique de la majorité des pays de la Baltique embrasse les enjeux de la défense européenne, c’est que cette région est d’abord marquée par sa proximité avec la Russie et la Biélorussie qui multiplient les provocations et les menaces au travers notamment de cyberattaques, de violations répétées des espaces aériens et maritimes ou de liens revendiqués avec les populations russophones de ces ex-satellites de l’URSS. A cela s’ajoute le fait que la Russie garde toujours deux accès à la mer par le Golfe de Finlande et grâce à l’enclave de Kaliningrad, quartier général de la flotte de la Baltique. Dans ce contexte stratégique, il est possible d’affirmer qu’une partie de la sécurité collective des Européens se joue en mer Baltique et dans les pays de l’Europe nordique.
S’adapter au contexte : le retour de la défense opérationnelle du territoire (DOT)
Authors: Rodriguez Christian
Published: November 2024

Concept ancien, la défense opérationnelle du territoire (DOT) est un mode d’engagement des forces armées sur le territoire national qui concourt, en cas de menace grave, au maintien de la liberté et de la continuité d’action du gouvernement, ainsi qu’à la sauvegarde des organes essentiels à la défense de la nation. Elle est revenue au centre des préoccupations depuis l’attaque russe contre l’Ukraine et le retour des conflits de haute intensité aux portes de l’Europe. Des réflexions ont ainsi été initiées par le Secrétariat général de la Défense et de la Sécurité nationale et l’étatmajor des Armées, en lien étroit avec la Gendarmerie Nationale, dans le but d’adapter la DOT à une aggravation des adversités. En tant que force armée, la Gendarmerie y participe de manière décisive, grâce aux atouts dont elle dispose. Elle poursuit aujourd’hui son renforcement capacitaire pour être en mesure de se mobiliser si les circonstances le commandent.
Pour une défense des territoires numériques
Authors: Watin-Augouard Marc , Duvinage Nicolas
Published: November 2024

La nécessaire prévention des risques nés de l’expansion du cyberespace ne doit pas faire négliger les menaces conjointes sur les infrastructures physiques numériques, plus proches de nous. Il en résulte l’indispensable mise en place d’une réelle stratégie préventive dans ce domaine. La sécurisation de ces infrastructures représente un objectif ambitieux, qui nécessite d’être partagé par toutes les parties prenantes, en particulier les autorités préfectorales, les opérateurs publics de services et les délégataires de services publics.
À ces jeunes, il faut leur dire que tout est possible
Authors: Givre Pierre-Joseph
Published: November 2024

Autant au ministère des Armées qu’au niveau interministériel, la direction du service national et de la jeunesse (DSNJ) a pour principale mission l’organisation des journées défense citoyenneté (JDC) pour tous les jeunes du territoire. La DSNJ développe en outre des procédés visant à renforcer le lien entre la jeunesse et l’armée, en coordonnant divers dispositifs (service militaire volontaire, service militaire adapté, journées sportarmée-jeunesse ), pour répondre à des objectifs d’attractivité et de fidélisation dans les métiers de la défense.
INSP : forger les connaissances et la maîtrise de soi des futurs cadres supérieurs et dirigeants de l’État dans une logique d’excellence et d’exigence
Authors: Le Brignonen Maryvonne
Published: November 2024

La réforme de l’encadrement supérieur et dirigeant de l’État vise à permettre aux cadres supérieurs et dirigeants de l’État d’être davantage acteurs de leur carrière, sur la base de leurs aspirations et de leurs compétences, afin de mieux répondre aux besoins des employeurs publics. La création de l’Institut national du service public constitue un des piliers de cette réforme, pour leur offrir une formation initiale et continue d’excellence, reconnue sur le plan international et en prise avec les enjeux du XXIe siècle et les réalités de la société française. Le nouveau cursus de formation initiale de l’INSP comprend une « immersion souveraineté, commandement, cohésion » de trois semaines. Construite en partenariat avec le ministère des Armées, le ministère de l’Intérieur et des Outre-Mer et le ministère de la Transformation et de la Fonction publiques, cette expérience sur le terrain a pour objectif de développer le leadership et la capacité d’adaptation des futurs cadres supérieurs de l’État, ainsi que de les sensibiliser aux grands enjeux de défense nationale. L’immersion s’inscrit dans la volonté de faire découvrir les enjeux stratégiques, le fonctionnement et le quotidien des armées aux élèves de l’Institut. Ces trois semaines exceptionnelles ont contribué à l’ambition pédagogique de l’INSP : forger les connaissances et la maîtrise de soi des futurs cadres supérieurs et dirigeants de l’État, dans une logique d’excellence et d’exigence. L’immersion est à l’image de l’ambition de la réforme de l’encadrement supérieur de l’État : professionnelle, opérationnelle et en prise directe avec les grands défis de l’action publique.
Tu ne tueras point…
Authors: Feillet Bruno
Published: November 2024

L’expérience de la violence en soi, entre les personnes et entre les États, est aussi ancienne que l’humanité. Comment agir pour empêcher les passages à l’acte ? Les ressources viennent de loin et l’Église catholique a pris sa part. Sur la violence entre les États et la question de la guerre, si les critères anciens demeurent, ils doivent évoluer en raison de la modernisation des armes. Enfin, le plus important pour éviter la guerre est de construire la paix.
Les 90 ans de l’armée de l’Air et de l’Espace
Authors: Malard Yann
Published: November 2024

Les 27 et 28 juin 2024, l’armée de l’Air et de l’Espace (AAE) a célébré son 90e anniversaire là où tout a commencé : Versailles. Ces célébrations, audacieuses, mémorielles et festives, ont permis de mettre en lumière l’esprit pionnier qui perdure au sein de cette institution, fière de son héritage et toujours au rendezvous des opérations. Cette rencontre entre les Français et ses aviateurs a été une occasion exceptionnelle de mieux comprendre les missions de l’AAE et ses enjeux dans un monde instable.
Le genre à l’épreuve de la métapsychologie
Authors: Husser Anne
Published: November 2024

Cet article aborde la question du genre en relisant les choses à la lumière du développement psychique de la sexualité de l’être humain. La métapsychologie ne répond pas à la question de savoir comment le sexe vient aux uns et aux autres ni à celle de savoir s’il devrait exister une sortie de la binarité masculin-féminin. Car, pour la métapsychologie, la pulsion sexuelle, présente dès le début, se constitue pour chacun non seulement à l’aune des deux genres connus : bisexualité psychique, mais également de manière multiple selon le sujet, son histoire. Tant au niveau de l’identité sexuée (masculine, féminine ou « autre ») que du choix d’objet (homosexuel, hétérosexuel ou asexuel) et que des moyens mis en œuvre pour la jouissance (autoérotisme, coït, satisfactions hallucinatoires), il n’y a pour la métapsychologie de fermeture d’aucune sorte, mais l’exact inverse : le champ de tous les possibles.