bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-psychological support of mental health of the educational process participants in crisis situations (practical experience)
Authors: Kravchenko Oksana
Published: June 2023

The article summarizes the practical experience of the Faculty of Social and Psychological Education of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, in particular, it identifies the main directions for preserving the mental health of educational process participants: scientific research for the comprehensive rehabilitation of sensitive categories of citizens in crisis conditions (functioning of scientific research centres and laboratories; development of departmental topics; activities of schools of sciences; implementation of educational and scientific programmes, etc.); organization and conduct of extracurricular activities (student competitions, defence of social projects, actions, flashmobs, etc.); initiation of scientific and practical activities for teachers and students (scientific festivals, conferences, online-streaming marathon with lecturers from European countries under the slogan of The World in Support of Education and Science in Ukraine, the Children. Peace. Security online-stream); participation in advanced training programmes and training programmes, training sessions; assistance in and implementation of adaptation programmes for internally displaced persons in the community; project activities; surveys of teachers and higher education students on the state of their mental health; conducting a course of rehabilitation assistance to persons in crisis situations (the course provides for the useful tips and recommendations on how to preserve mental health to ensure emotional stability in the education process. At the same time, it will provide an opportunity to unite the efforts of scientific and pedagogical workers and practitioners (specialists of social institutions, health care institutions, and the public), public organizations in order to search for common areas of cooperation in the direction of socio-psychological rehabilitation of sensitive categories of citizens); placement on the website of the faculty of an information resource with reference to materials relating to the matters of socio-psychological rehabilitation from the consequences of the war. These measures are aimed at creating a safe educational environment for the life and health of higher education students, including their mental health.
Retrospective and Recent Examples of Aircraft and Rotorcraft System Identification at DLR
Authors: Deiler Christoph , Mönnich Wulf , Seher-Weiß Susanne , Wartmann Johannes
Published: June 2023

Aircraft system identification has a five-decades-long tradition at German Aerospace Center (DLR). Over the last two decades, the research covered various topics related to system identification of fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft, nonconventional applications and atmospheric effects, the development of new flight-test procedures for system identification purposes, and specific aircraft model enhancements and corresponding parameter estimation. Comprehensive tools were developed that support this research and can be applied to a variety of different problems and types of vehicles. The paper starts with a short description of the different system identification methods used at DLR and the corresponding tools. The discussion of flight-test procedures and maneuver design as well as sensor fusion and flight-path reconstruction provides information on how to optimize the flight tests for system identification and to arrive at a consistent flight-test database. The examples for fixed-wing aircraft provide information on identification including abnormal conditions such as icing and interaction with atmospheric disturbances as well as modeling of structural mechanics and loads. The identification of high-order rotorcraft models that account for rotor and engine dynamics and even structural modes is discussed, and the identification of rotor mast moments as well as the identification of non-physics-based models and their integration into physics-based models are also covered. A final section shows that system identification can also be used to derive models for gyroplanes and parachutes as well as to derive control equivalent turbulence input models and to estimate complex wind field geometries. Thus, a broad overview of possible applications of system identification is given.
A rare case of pyelonephritis-associated endogenous endophthalmitis
Authors: Shah Sarjak Maulik , Suthar Dixa Narinder , Mehta Khyati Shailesh , Bhagat Purvi Raj
Published: June 2023

Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is the inflammation of the inner layers of the eye occurring due to intraocular colonisation of microorganisms from a pre-existing systemic septic foci. It is relatively rare and is most often associated with diabetes mellitus, liver disease, cardiac disease, malignancy, in-dwelling catheters and intravenous drug abuse. We report here a rare association of EE and pyelonephritis in a young male. The clinical condition and visual acuity improved first with topical, systemic and periocular corticosteroids, broad spectrum antibiotics, later by pars plana vitrectomy and ultimately with ureteric stenting. Prompt and multidisciplinary management along with accurate clinical history, thorough examination, and microbiological and radiological corroboration can help to prevent visual handicaps.
Glaucoma filtering bleb dysesthesia
Authors: Jethva Jignesh J. , Bhagat Purvi , Prajapati Kamini Mukeshkumar , Chauhan Abhishek Suryakant , Shah Abhishek Hitesh
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

Dysesthesia is a sensation that people typically describe as painful, itchy, burning or restrictive and to determine the prevalence and risk factors for dysesthesia caused by glaucoma filtering blebs.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective and cross-sectional observational study of consecutive patients having unilateral glaucoma filtering blebs resulting from trabeculectomy was conducted. A self-reported questionnaire was administered to these patients inquiring about the frequency and severity of the following symptoms: ocular pain, burning, foreign body sensation and watering. The following variables were also recorded from the case records: age, gender, diagnosis, date of glaucoma surgery and antifibrotic agent if used. The intraocular pressure and bleb characteristics in form of location, height, width, thickness, percentage coverage by the eyelid, presence of epithelial defects, or dellen were noted. Dysesthesia scores between the affected eye and control eye were compared using the unpaired student t-test. Risk factors for dysesthesia were identified using analysis of variance or Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results:

A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean dysesthesia score (±standard deviation, SD, range) in the affected eye was 5.42 (±3.62, 0–12) and in the unaffected eye was 1.35 (±2.90, 0–8, P = 0.0001). Factors that predisposed to dysesthesia included older age (71.15%), superior location of bleb (84.61%) and cystic and overhanging bleb.

Conclusion:

Eyes with filtering blebs experience more dysesthesia than eyes without filtering blebs. Older age and a superior bleb location are more commonly associated with bleb dysesthesia.
Netarsudil-induced reticular epithelial oedema: An uncommon side effect
Authors: Jethva Jignesh J. , Bhagat Purvi , Prajapati Kamini Mukeshkumar
Published: June 2023

Netarsudil ophthalmic solution 0.02% (Netalo) is a new drug in the armamentarium for lowering intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It is a rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor with multiple mechanisms of action at various cellular levels. Apart from its effect on glaucoma, it has been reported to be beneficial in acute corneal endothelial damage. Its reported common side effects are conjunctival hyperaemia, corneal verticillata and subconjunctival haemorrhage. Corneal oedema arising from its use has been infrequently reported from abroad. We have presented two cases of such oedema acutely induced by Netarsudil, in the absence of any pre-existing corneal problems and which resolved on discontinuation. Such incidences warrant further studies to understand their clinical significance, the mechanism of corneal oedema arising from ROCK inhibitors and the use of these drugs in patients with compromised corneas.
Synovial cysts at the cervicothoracic junction: Illustrative series of three cases
Authors: Yang Darrion Bo-Yun , Harms James , Iyer Ravishankar K. , Arnold Paul
Published: June 2023

Background:

Spinal synovial cysts are an uncommon pathology, estimated to affect 0.65–2.6% of the population. Cervical spinal synovial cysts are even rarer, accounting for only 2.6% of spinal synovial cysts. They are more commonly found in the lumbar spine. When they occur, they can compress the spinal cord or surrounding nerve roots resulting in neurological symptoms, particularly when they increase in size. Decompression and cyst resection are the most common treatment and typically result in resolution of symptoms.

Methods:

The authors present three cases of spinal synovial cysts occurring at the C7–T1 junction. They occurred in patients aged 47, 56, and 74, respectively, and presented with symptoms of pain and radiculopathy. Diagnosis was made with computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The cysts were managed with laminectomy, resection, and fusion.

Results:

All patients reported full resolution of symptoms. There were no intra or postoperative complications.

Conclusion:

Cervical spinal synovial cysts are an uncommon cause of radiculopathy and pain in the upper extremities. They can be diagnosed through CT scans and MRI, and treatment with laminectomy, resection, and fusion results in excellent outcomes.
Change in the angle of strabismus in patients with essential infantile esotropia
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Mamulat D.R. , Filimonov E.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Plisov I.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Belousova K.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Gladisheva G.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the dynamics of esodeviation in patients with essential infantile esotropia in the awake state and under general anesthesia in order to determine the optimal surgical protocol. Material and methods. A study was made of changes in the angle of strabismus and traction test in 15 patients aged 4 to 18 months under physiological conditions and under general anesthesia. Results. Four patients were diagnosed with orthotropia, a negative traction test, so the actual dose of the drug was reduced. In three patients with cross-fixation syndrome, the magnitude of esotropia in anesthesia decreased, a positive traction test was recorded, and they required the maximum dose of Botox. In the remaining patients, the magnitude of esodeviation ranged from 3 to 8°, the traction test was negative, the planned dose of the drug did not require correction. Conclusions. The dynamics of the strabismus angle under general anesthesia in patients with essential infantile esotropia is a fundamental factor determining the choice of the optimal dosage of Botox for chemodenervation of m. rectus medialis. Keywords: essential infantile esotropia, cross-fixation syndrome, chemodenervation, general anesthesia, esodeviation
Outcomes of small cylinder astigmatism correction with multifocal and multifocal toric lenses
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Bikbov M.M. , Orenburkina O.I. ,   Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Ufa, Babushkin A.E. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To study the data of low astigmatism correction after multifocal and multifocal toric intraocular lens implantation. Material and methods. We examined 64 patients (77 eyes) with corneal astigmatism 0.5–0.75 D, of them 34 patients (38 eyes) underwent phacoemulsification (PE) with Acrysof IQ PanOptix Toric IOL implantation (group 1 or main group), and 31 patients (39 eyes) — with Acrysof IQ PanOptix IOL implantation (group 2 or control group). Results. 1 months after PE the sphere of ±0.5 D was observed in 92.1 % of cases in the main group and in 74.4 % in the control group. Residual astigmatism with PanOptix Toric implants was –0.18 ± 0.07 D in the main group and 0.91 ± 0.25 D in the control group. By 3 months after surgery uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 0.8 and better was observed in 94.7 % of cases in the main group and in 82.1 % (p < 0.05) in the control group. Near visual outcomes under photopic and mesopic lighting conditions in the two groups after 6 months of follow-up did not make big difference. When assessing the mid vision, the control group showed significantly lower UCVA values. Questionnaire data (according to VFQ-14): the average value in the main group — 96.7 ± 1,2 points (variability 95.1–100), in the control group — 82.8 ± 2.3 (78.6–92.3), the difference was statistically significant (p < 0,05). Conclusion. The comparative analysis showed that PE with multifocal toric IOL implantation in small cylinder astigmatism (0.5–0.75 D) results in better mid and distaance visual acuity under different lighting conditions than PE with multifocal IOL implantation. Therefore, when choosing an IOL in this category of patients, it is preferable to implant multifocal toric IOLs. Keywords: multifocal IOLs, multifocal-toric IOLs, astigmatism of small cylinders, cataract phacoemulsification
A new technique in glaucoma surgery with biodegradable drainage implant to stabilize hypertensive effect
Authors:   Helmholtz Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Suleiman E.A. , Petrov S.Y. ,   Helmholtz Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To develop a modification of sinus trabeculectomy (STE) using a new biodegradable drainage in glaucoma surgery for normalizing and stabilizing aqueous humor outflow along the formed pathways. Material and methods. We observed 63 patients (63 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma in the advanced stages with previous surgeries. The patients were divided into groups: Group 1 (main group) – 32 patients who underwent the proposed modification of STE using a new biodegradable drainage (absorbable suture material Vicryl); Group 2 (control) – 31 patients with standard STE and implantation of ‘Xenoplast’ drainage The maximum duration of patients’ follow-up was 24 months. Results. The total number of intra- and early postoperative complications in the main group was less (25%) than in the control group (41.9%). This was especially true of a ciliochoroidal detachment, which was recorded much less frequently after STE with biodegradable drainage than after a standard operation with Xenoplast drainage implant (3.1% vs. 9.7%). 2 years after surgery in the main group, complete IOP compensation was observed in 84.4% of cases, partial – in 12.5% of cases. The unsuccessful outcome was observed in 3.1% of cases. In the control group, the corresponding results were: 70.9% and 16.1% with hypertensive failure equal to 12.9%. Conclusion. The STE modification was developed using a new biodegradable drainage (absorbable suture material Vicryl) to form a stable pathway of the aqueous humor outflow and prolong the hypertensive effect of the operation. It was found that intra- and early postoperative complications after the modified version of STE were less common than in the control group (especially ciliochoroidal detachment – 3.1 fold lower). At the same time, the hypertensive results of the proposed operation without additional drug load in patients with advanced and far-advanced stages of POAG with previous glaucoma surgeries were higher (84,4%) in the long-term follow-up than the efficacy of traditional STE with Xenoplast drainage (70,9%). Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, surgical treatment, modification of sinus trabeculectomy, biodegradable drainage, stability of the hypertensive effect.
Long-term results of implantation of a new non-diffractive IOL with expanded depth of focus
Authors:   Department of eye diseases of Samara State Medical University, Samara, Nizamudinova L.M. , Stebnev V.S. ,   Department of eye diseases of Samara State Medical University, Samara,   Ophthalmologic Clinic «Eye Surgeray», Samara, Stebnev S.D. ,   Department of eye diseases of Samara State Medical University, Samara,   Ophthalmologic Clinic «Eye Surgeray», Samara, Malov I.V. ,   Department of eye diseases of Samara State Medical University, Samara,   Ophthalmologic Clinic «Eye Surgeray», Samara
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To evaluate long-term results of AcrySof IQ Vivity non-diffractive extended-focus intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Material and methods. 20 patients (20 eyes) underwent phacoemulsification and implanted non-diffractive IOL with expanded depth of focus. The mean age of the patients was 64.4 years (54 to 70 years). All patients were followed up for one year. Long-term results were analyzed. The postoperative period was smooth. Two patients developed secondary cataract 6 months later and IAG-laser discectomy of the posterior capsule was performed. Results. In 12 months after surgery, the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) in the distance was — 0.88 ± 0.06, at the middle distance — 0.77 ± 0.02, in the vicinity — 0.60 ± 0.05. Best corrected visual acuity in the distance — 0.93 ± 0.04, in the middle distance — 0.81 ± 0.07, in the vicinity — 0.65 ± 0.01. One patient (5 %) had periodic light scattering circles (halo) and one patient (5 %) — had glare. There were no difficulties with driving in any of the patients. Conclusions. The AcrySof IQ Vivity IOL will provide improved visual acuity at all distances. Some patients will need to use additional spectacle correction, for near distance. 85 % patients rated the results as «excellent», 15 % — «good». Keywords: cataract, surgical management, phacoemulsification, intraocular lens AcrySof IQ Vivity, visual acuity improvement
Electron microscopic research of the optic nerve in an experiment with toxic neuritis
Authors:   Russian Eye and Plastic Surgery Center, Ufa, Musina L.A.
Published: June 2023

Рurpose. To identify ultrastructural changes of the optic nerve in the area of the trellis plate in rabbits after exposure to methyl alcohol. Material and methods. A model of experimental optic neuritis with the introduction of methyl alcohol into the retrobulbar space was reproduced on 8 rabbits. The animals were removed from the experiment on the 14th, 30th, 90th and 180th days after the administration of methanol. Pieces of the optic nerve (1–2 mm) were isolated from the enucleated eyeballs in the area of the lattice plate and examined using a transmission electron microscope. Results. On the 14th day after the administration of methanol, signs of pronounced cytoplasmic edema and destruction of intracellular organelles were detected in the ganglion neurons of the rabbit retina in the area of the lattice plate. In individual nerve fibers of the optic nerve, myelin sheaths were stratified and unfolded, axons swelled. Structural changes were detected in astrocytes, especially in the processes around blood vessels. Macrophages of nervous tissue — microgliocytes — became active. Morphological changes indicated a violation of microcirculation and permeability of the hematoneural barrier. The basal membranes around the walls of blood vessels were compacted. Intracellular organelles were destroyed in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells, hemostasis was determined inside the vessels. Subsequently, on the 30–90th day of the experiment, dystrophic and destructive changes in the cytoplasm of ganglion cells and their processes forming the optic nerve, as well as surrounding gliocytes progressed. There were signs of gliofibrosis. Destructive processes and gliofibrosis of the retina and nerve fibers of the optic nerve in the area of the lattice plate increased in degree of expression up to 180th days of the experiment. Conclusion. The results of electron microscopic studies of the intrabulbar part of the optic nerve in experimental animals in dynamics after the introduction of methyl alcohol indicate that the main trigger for the development of visual neuritis may be a violation of microcirculation processes in the retina and optic nerve, which leads to an increase in the permeability of the hematoneural barrier. These events entail dystrophic and destructive changes in the nervous tissue, the progression of which naturally leads, with the assistance of glial cells to gliofibrosis of the optic nerve. Keywords: toxic optic neuritis, methanol, hematoneural barrier, axon demyelination, gliofibrosis
Predictors of accommodative asthenopia in patients with visually intense work with symptoms of computer visual syndrome
Authors:   Academy of Postgraduate Education, FGBU FSCC FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Gatilov D.V. , Belikova E.I. ,   Academy of Postgraduate Education, FGBU FSCC FMBA of Russia, Moscow
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Investigation of the relationship between the indicators of the visual system of patients with visually stressful labor (VLT) and the diagnostic criteria for accommodative asthenopia (AA). Material and methods. 300 patients were examined (mean age 29.4 ± 1.2 years, the presence of myopia in terms of spherical equivalent value (SE) from 1.5 diopters to 8.0 diopters), whose professional daily activities (at least 2 years) are characterized by as VLT with a personal computer (PC). A comprehensive examination of the state of vision was performed according to clinical, functional, subjective and ophthalmo-ergonomic indicators. A multiple regression analysis of 18 indicators of the functional state of the visual analyzer was performed with the parameter of objective accommodation – the coefficient of microfluctuations (CMF) as the basic diagnostic criterion for AA. The assessment of the level of reliability of the mathematical model (regression equation) was based on the calculation of the multiple coefficients of determination (R2). Results. The high (R2 = 0.71) predictive value of the developed mathematical model was determined. It has been established that CMF is closely interconnected (p < 0.05–0.001) with clinical (uncorrected distance visual acuity, SE), functional (indicators of objective accommodography — coefficients of accommodative response, accommodogram growth, etc.), subjective (questionnaire «quality life» «KZS-22») and ophthalmo-ergonomic («Eye» test in conditions of time deficit of presentation of the test object) parameters of the functional state of the visual analyzer. The low information content of traditional methods for studying accommodation indicators (the volume of absolute and relative accommodation) has been determined. Conclusion. The identified parameters can be considered from the standpoint of predictors of accommodative asthenopia in patients with VLT associated with PC. At the same time, the leading indicator of screening diagnostics can be a study of the patient’s «quality of life» according to the «KZS-22» questionnaire, which allows clinically normalizing accommodation disorders from the standpoint of the states of «normal», «subcompensation» and «decompensation» of asthenopia. Keywords: visually stressful work, computer vision syndrome, accommodative asthenopia, objective accommodography, «quality of life»
The role of systemic diseases in the etiology of chronic blepharitis
Authors:   RUDN University, Institute of Medicine, Department of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Kazantseva E.P. , Frolov A.M. ,   RUDN University, Institute of Medicine, Department of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Frolov M.A. ,   RUDN University, Institute of Medicine, Department of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Volkova A.V. ,   Russian medical academy of continuing education, Moscow, Fadlih A. ,   RUDN University, Institute of Medicine, Department of Eye Diseases, Moscow
Published: June 2023

Blepharitis is one of the most common eye diseases. Chronic blepharitis is a multifactorial disease of inflammatory, hormonal and infectious nature. In particular, chronic blepharitis is associated with helicobacter pylori infection, skin disorders (psoriasis, atopic and seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea, etc.), endocrine pathology (hypothyroidism, prostatic hypertrophy, osteoporosis), dyslipidemia and other topical (chalazion) and systemic inflammatory diseases. It is assumed that even some cardiovascular conditions (e.g. carotid artery disease) due to reduced blood supply to eyelids can cause meibomian gland dysfunction and blepharitis. Further study of concomitant diseases will improve efficiency of blepharitis diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: chronic blepharitis, inflammatory, hormonal and infectious nature, systemic diseases, helicobacter pylori, psoriasis, rosacea
An Unusual Cause of Serpiginous-Like Choroiditis. Association With Urinary Mycobacterium Fortuitum Infection?
Authors:   Bursa Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Ophthalmology Department, Turkey, Ozmen Semih , Kiristioglu Mehmet Omer ,   Bursa Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Ophthalmology Department, Turkey, Gunduz Gamze Ucan ,   Bursa Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Ophthalmology Department, Turkey, Yalcinbayir Ozgur ,   Bursa Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Ophthalmology Department, Turkey, Gelisken Oner ,   Bursa Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Ophthalmology Department, Turkey
Published: June 2023

The purpose of these case reports is to present a case who developed bilateral serpiginous like choroiditis in association with urogenital infection of Mycobacterium Fortuitum. A 49-year-old female who presented with visual loss was diagnosed with bilateral serpiginous like choroiditis. Uveitis workup findings were negative except for a positive tuberculin skin test positivity. Considering the findings and her residence in an endemic area for m. tuberculosis, empirical treatment for tuberculosis was started. Later in the course of the disease, her urine cytology came back positive for ARB, and M. Fortuitum was isolated in the urine cultures. Treatment for atypical mycobacteria resulted in clinical improvement. No relapses of serpiginous like choroiditis occurred following the treatment. This is the first documented case of serpiginous choroiditis related to mycobacterium fortuitum infection in the literature. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria may also cause serpiginous like choroiditis. Keywords: Mycobacterium Fortuitum, Serpiginous-like choroiditis, Uveitis, Urinary tract infection
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan coated alginate and carrageenan beads Loaded with Venlafaxine HCl: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Krishnamoorthy B  , Chanchal Navin Raj
Published: June 2023

This study focuses on the development of microsphere systems for the sustained release of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (HCl) using the ionotropic gelation method with sodium alginate, chitosan, carrageenan and calcium chloride as key components. The microspheres were characterized for their size, shape, and surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray powder diffraction analysis (X-RD) was employed to determine the physical state of the drug within the formulations, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the drug-polymer interactions. Additionally, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release, and release kinetics were evaluated.The results of FTIR analysis indicated no significant interactions between the drug and polymers, ensuring the stability of the formulated microspheres. X-RD analysis confirmed the presence of the drug in an amorphous state within the beads, facilitating its sustained release. Furthermore, the absence of significant drug-polymer interactions, as indicated by FTIR analysis, supports the stability and integrity of the formulated beads. In conclusion, the developed microsphere systems demonstrate promising potential for the sustained release of Venlafaxine HCl. Their high entrapment efficiency, controlled release rate, and stability make them viable option for improving the therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance associated with Venlafaxine HCl administration. Further studies are warranted to evaluate their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, as well as their long-term stability, to ensure their suitability for clinical applications.
Intellectual property: theorizing and empirical analysis
Authors: Nikolayevskyy Valeriy , Omelchenko Viktoriia , Bakalenko Olena
Published: June 2023

The authors of the article based on the understanding of intellectual property as an immanent component of the innovative economy, an important factor, resource and mechanism of innovation environment and development, note the actualization of this phenomenon in nowadays society of revolutionary technological changes. The article deals with the brief overview of the some features and characteristics of the process of reforming the institute of intellectual property in Ukraine, including regulatory framework, and also is based on the analysis of data gathered in sociological survey «Intellectual property through the eyes of university lecturers and high school teachers», conducted during May-December 2019, method – interview; n = 356. Based on the research results, the authors analyze high school teachers’ and university lecturers’ attitudes to the intellectual property, the factors and mechanisms of protection of intellectual property rights. What are the attitudes towards violation of intellectual property rights in the field of education? How acute is the problem of intellectual property rights (IPR) violation for the participants in the educational process? Is the impact of intellectual property rights violation noticeable on their (high school teachers and university lecturers) day-to-day activities? Who, what institution (organization) should make efforts to protect IPR? These and some other issues are analyzed in the paper. The authors note, among other, that, in general, the problem of IPR violations perceived as quite acute for many (relative majority) of university lecturers and high school teachers, the impact of this problem on respondents’ daily activities is mostly negative. Opinions of respondents on the institution(s), which should make efforts to protect IPR were clarified. Analysis of possible ways (inner and external factors, mechanisms) to enhance the level of protection, public management of the protection process, as well as the development of a culture of IPR is presented also. The authors propose the prospects for further research of the problem.
From the Everyday Uses of Twitter and Instagram to Gay Activism in Facebook: the Construction of the Path of a Sociological Investigation Through Online Ethnographic Observations
Authors: Kasnik Jan
Published: June 2023

The research into online spaces has been of growing interest for the sociologists. Moreover, the relevance of this field of study has increased even more with the breakout of the COVID pandemics. However, there is still little consensus or a consolidated methodological guidance for beginning searchers concerning the ways of doing an ethnography in such spaces. The goal of this paper is to present some fundamental considerations to have in mind when doing digital ethnography, based on concrete examples from my ongoing master research about the ways of doing gay activism in Facebook by men living in Mexico City. This work is an example of how ethnographic research is a continuous dialogue between our own biases as searchers, the fieldwork observations and theoretical framework. In that sense, the present article offers some guidance for the searchers interested in doing online ethnographic research, concerning its implications for the searchers and the reflexivity of the research participants. In the first section, I demonstrate the vital importance of online ethnographic observations for the precise formulation of the research topic. Then, I show how this fieldwork helped me to reformulate the research to focus only on Facebook. Thirdly, I put emphasis on the importance of our own reflexivity as searchers, an essential component of every inquiry in social science that remains implicit most of the time, giving the mistaken impression that the reflexivity of the searcher is not so important. Indeed, I make the point that the reflexivity of both searchers and participants is instrumental for an in-depth understanding of the research topic and its adequate formulation. Finally, I present very succinctly the different decisions I had to make to personalize my Facebook research profile, as well as the implications of these for the recruitment and the communication with the research participants. In a nutshell, my intention is to contribute to the enriching and still ongoing methodological discussions about the implications of doing online ethnographical research in everyday online spaces such as Facebook.
PENDEKATAN PROBLEM POSING BERLATAR COOPERATIVE LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Hidayah Ashar
Published: June 2023

Mutu pendidikan di sekolah terus ditingkatkan dengan berbagai usaha dan upaya yang telah dilakukan seperti penambahan jumlah buku pelajaran, penyempurnaan kurikulum, penataran guru- guru bidang studi, penambahan sarana dan prasarana untuk kegiatan belajar mengajar dan pemantapan proses belajar mengajar. Pemantapan proses belajar mengajar, guru mempunyai peranan yang cukup penting, dimana hasil belajar anak didik bukan hanya dipengaruhi oleh penguasaan guru terhadap materi pelajaran, tetapi juga metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan belajar mangajar. Agar siswa temotivasi untuk belajar mandiri, maka rasa ingin tahu siswa perlu dikembangakan dan dibangkitkan. Tugas seorang guru di sekolah hanyalah memberikan jalan kepada siswa agar mampu belajar mandiri, pendekatan problem posing berlatar cooperative learning dalam pembelajaran dapat melatih siswa untuk mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan atau soal-soal yang berkaitan dengan materi yang dipelajari. Dalam pembelajaran yang menerapkan pendekatan problem posing berlatar cooperative learning, perasaan tersebut dapat teratasi. Siswa ditintut untuk mengajukan masalah atau pertanyaan sesuai minat mereka dan memikirkan cara penyelesaiannya secara bersaa anggota kelompok. Perhatian dan komunikasi dalam pembelajaran, siswa melalui pendekatan problem posing berlatar cooperative learning akan lebih baik karena pertanyaan atau soal yang berkualitashanya mungkin dapat diajukan dan diselesaikan oleh siswa yang mempunyai perhatian yang sungguh-sungguh terhadap pelajaran.
Acute Effect of a Cross-Training Benchmark on Psychophysiological Factors of Cross-Training According to Performance
Authors:   Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brito Michele A. , Fernandes José R. ,   Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Governador Valadares, Brazil, Berbert de Carvalho Pedro Henrique ,   Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Governador Valadares, Brazil, José Brito Ciro ,   Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Governador Valadares, Brazil, Aedo-Muñoz Esteban ,   Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Facultad de Artes y Educación Física, Chile, Unidad de Ciencias Aplicadas al Deporte de Chile, Instituto Nacional de Deportes de Chile, Sobarzo Soto Dany Alexis ,   Universidad Santo Tomás, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Puerto Montt, Chile, Miarka Bianca ,   Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Published: June 2023

The study aims to analyze the acute effect of a Cross-Training benchmark on executive functions and physiological parameters according to performance. Thirty-two practitioners were divided according to their performance, Elite group (n=7; age: 28.9±4.7 years; practice: 50.0±13.3 months), Advanced group (n=10; age: 33.4±4.6 years; practice: 27.6±13.8 months) and Beginner group (n=15; age: 30.6±7.1 years; practice: 22.9±9.2 months). This research compares the groups and the pre-WOD and post-WOD moments for physiological (heart rate, lactate concentration, diastolic and systolic blood pressure) and neuropsychological variables (executive function); correlations between the physiological and neuropsychological effects of the benchmark. The results showed a significant difference concerning the performance of the WOD time (Elite: 177.1’±29.8’ s and the difference in executive functions regarding the comparison between moments: reading (Elite:76.4±20.2 percentiles), counting (Elite: 86.4±10.7 percentiles), choice (Elite: 89.3±9.8 percentiles), shifting (Advanced: 91.0±8.4 percentiles), inhibition (Advanced:76.5±12.5 percentiles), flexibility (Advanced: 93.0±6.3 percentiles), lactate (Elite:13.1±1.8 mmol/L), heart rate (Elite: 188.0±6.6 bpm), systolic blood pressure (Elite: 149.7±11.5 mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (Elite: 73.4±6.2 mmHg). Our findings confirm that high-intensity exercise could influence the physiological mechanisms responsible for the intervention in cognitive performance, improving executive functions.
The Association between Screen Time and Low Back Pain among Male College Students
Authors:   School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Thamrin Verdy D. , Tanjung Julia R. ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Haryono Ignatio R. ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Prastowo Nawanto A. ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
Published: June 2023

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal complaint. LBP affects all age groups, including college students. In the digital and communication era, computers and gadgets are ordinary. Excessive computer/gadget use can produce musculoskeletal work imbalance leading to LBP. Several risk factors are also linked to LBP, such as flexibility, strength muscle, body mass index (BMI), and standing posture. Thus, our study aims to investigate the association between LBP, screen time, and risk factors in male college students. This study was cross-sectional, involving 132 students. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was obtained. LBP was assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and the duration of computer use was obtained using a questionnaire. Back muscle flexibility was measured using a modified sit and reach test; back muscle strength was measured using Back-Leg Dynamometer. Posture was assessed using the New York Posture Rating Chart (NYPRC). All variables were categorized into two groups. Fifty participants (37.9%) had LBP. Forty-six participants (34.8%) use computer/gadget excessively. The screen time was associated with LBP (p=0.04, OR 2.19, 95%CI 1.05-4.56). No relationship was found between flexibility, back muscle strength, BMI, and posture. Screen time is associated with LBP in male colleges. Excessive screen time had a 2.19 times greater risk of having LBP. This study conclude that excessive screen time is associated with LBP in male college students.
Correlation between Anxiety and Success in Swimming Training Program for Non-Swimmers
Authors:   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Kinesiology, Osijek, Croatia, Rastovski Dražen , Zoretić Dajana ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Siljeg Klara ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Jorgić Bojan ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia
Published: June 2023

The need to determine the factors that positively or negatively affect the acquisition of swimming knowledge arose with the development of various swimming programs. The aim of this research was to determine the connection between the level of anxiety and success in the process of motor learning in swimming training program for non-swimmers. A sample of 77 children, aged (11.00±0.71), participated in a swimming training program for non-swimmers for 20 hours according to the standard method used in the Republic of Croatia. In the first and last lesson, the swimming knowledge was determined by means of a scale of eleven grades that describe the level of acquisition of swimming knowledge. Level of anxiety was assessed by modified CSAI-2CSWIM anxiety level questionnaire. Correlation analysis determined that the level of anxiety has a significant negative correlation with performance in all three observed domains, cognitive anxiety -0.273 and -2.46, somatic anxiety -0.384 and -0.337 and self-confidence -0.420 and -0.308 with results on the final test and with progress in swimming learning. The results of the conducted research showed that the level of anxiety has a significant influence on the children’s swimming learning process.
Cognitive Functions of Youth Water Polo Players
Authors:   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia, Kovačević Neven , Mihanović Frane ,   Department of Health Sciences University of Split, Split, Croatia, Lušić Kalcina Linda ,   University of Split School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Split, Croatia, Pavlinovic Vladimir ,   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia, Foretic Nikola ,   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia, Galić Tea ,   University of Split School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Split, Croatia,   University of Split School of Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Split, Croatia
Published: June 2023

Some previous studies suggested that children’s engagement in sports has been associated with the improvement of cognitive functions, especially working memory, visual-spatial memory, motor coordination and cognitive flexibility. The aim of this study was to compare cognitive functions between female and male youth water polo players and the control subjects – school children of the same chronological age who did not participate in organized sports activity. There were 23 female (14.65±1.11 years old) and 23 male (14.52±0.51 years old) water polo players (WP), members of Croatian National team enrolled in this study for cognitive testing (Stroop test). The control group consisted of 8 female (14.75±0.89 years old) and 18 male (14.28±0.89 years old) school students who did not participate in organized sports activity. There were no significant differences in psychomotor speed (Stroop Off), while youth water polo players showed better response inhibition (Stroop On) (WP 65.33±9.09 s vs. control subjects 72.78±11.97 s, P=0.030) and psychomotor ability (OnTime minus OffTime) (WP 7.22±5.18 s vs. control subjects 14.13±9.22 s) (P<0.001) than control subjects. The findings of this study suggest that children who participate in high-level water polo develop better cognitive flexibility than school students who do not participate in organized sports activity.
The Effect of Combined Treatment with Passive Therapy, Physical Exercises, Lumbar Traction, and Walking Program on Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors:   Special Hospital for General Rehabilitation ‘’Banja e Kllokotit,’’ Kllokot, Republic of Kosovo, Miftari Sylejman ,   University of Prishtina - Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Republic of Kosovo, Shukova Stojanovska Daniela ,   Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, Ismajli Besnik ,   Special Hospital for General Rehabilitation ‘’Banja e Kllokotit,’’ Kllokot, Republic of Kosovo, Rrecaj-Malaj Shkurta ,   University of Prishtina - Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Republic of Kosovo
Published: June 2023

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders worldwide with far-reaching implications for social, economic, and public health. The study aimed to compare the effect of combined physiotherapy treatment in patients with CLBP. This observational retrospective randomized controlled study involved reviewing medical records of patients who were treated during a period of 6 weeks in the physiotherapy department of the Special Hospital for General Rehabilitation “Banja e Kllokotit,” Kllokot, Republic of Kosovo. The observational research was conducted for 60 patients, divided into two groups: Group 1: experimental group (n=30), with mean age of 41.7 years, average height of 1.68 cm, and average body mass index (BMI) of 71.7 for both sexes; Group 2: control group (n=30) with mean age of 43.1 years, average height of 1.66 cm, and average body mass index (BMI) of 71.5 for both sexes. In Group 1, combined treatment with passive therapy [thermotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)], physical exercises, lumbar traction, and walking program was applied, while in Group 2, passive therapy like thermotherapy and TENS was applied. Outcome measurements included pain intensity, lumbar flexibility, revised Oswestry disability index (ODI), and self-confidence, which were assessed pre-treatment, at 3 weeks, and after 6 weeks of clinical treatment. The results showed significant improvement in both groups. However, the improvement was greater and with a significant difference only after 6 weeks in Group 1 compared to Group 2. The differences were observed in various outcome measures, including the visual analog scale for pain (VAS; p<0.0001), fingertip-to-floor distance (FTF; p<0.0001), ODI (p<0.0001), and Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE; p=0.0002). According to our data, combined treatment with thermotherapy, therapeutic exercises, lumbar traction, TENS, and walking program was more effective and can be considered as a treatment protocol for patients with CLBP. However, further research is recommended on the efficacy of combined physiotherapy treatment, especially lumbar traction for longer periods.
Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Peripheral Muscle Strength and Exercise Tolerance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors:   University of Prishtina, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, Prishtina, Kosovo, Aliu Mejdi , Xhema Joana ,   University of Medicine, Tirana, Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, Tirana, Albania, Miftari Sylejman ,   University of Prishtina, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, Prishtina, Kosovo
Published: June 2023

Currently, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is perceived not only as a pulmonary disease, but more as a systemic disease affecting the functioning of other organs including the locomotor system. The application of physical therapy in patients with COPD has been found to be safe and beneficial. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) treatment is particularly beneficial for patients who are unable or unwilling to participate in daily activities or regular physical exercise. The efficacy of this technique has not yet been fully demonstrated in patients with COPD. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of NMES on peripheral muscle strength and exercise tolerance in COPD patients. As part of the literature review for this study, seven studies over the last 19 years have been taken into consideration. The review included the following databases: Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Google Scholar, and PubMed. Based on our literature review, we concluded that NMES has positive effects on increasing peripheral muscle strength and exercise tolerance in COPD patients. Future research should examine whether the therapeutic effects are long-lasting, whether they are experienced by all COPD patient groups, and which frequency or type of NMES delivers the most effective results.