bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Hafnium (IV) Bis(perfluorooctanesulfonyl)imide Complex Catalyzed Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives via Unsymmetrical Hantzsch Reaction in Fluorous Medium.
Authors: Hong Mei , Cai Chun , Yi Wen‐Bin
Published: July 2010

The four‐component condensation of dimedone (I), aldehydes (II), active methylene compounds (III), and ammonium acetate is conducted in the presence of the title catalyst in perfluorodecalin to produce the polyhydroquinoline derivatives (IV) in good to very good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of C,N‐Cyclic Azomethine Imines with α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Maeda Yuko , Omote Masato , Nakatsu Hiroki , Maruoka Keiiji
Published: July 2010

A titanium/(S)‐BINOL complex catalyzes the title reaction of azomethine imines (I) to give a variety of pharmaceutically attractive chiral pyrazolo‐fused tetrahydroisoquinolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Pyrrolidines Using a Sequence of Azomethine Ylide Cycloaddition and Nucleophilic Cyclization.
Authors: Belanger Guillaume , Darsigny Veronique , Dore Michael , Levesque Francois
Published: July 2010

This new method allows formation of a number of indolizidine derivatives with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aza‐Fused Polycyclic Quinolines Through Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Reactions.
Authors: Cai Qian , Li Zhengqiu , Wei Jiajia , Fu Liangbin , Ha Chengyong , Pei Duanqing , Ding Ke
Published: July 2010

A broad spectrum of target compounds is prepared with good yields starting from benzimidazole (I) via an intermolecular condensation followed by intramolecular C—N coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Carbolines by Iminoannulation of Internal Alkynes via Direct C—H Bond Cleavage Using Dioxygen as Oxidant.
Authors: Ding Shengtao , Shi Zhuangzhi , Jiao Ning
Published: July 2010

Conditions A) in the absence of any ligands make the Pd‐catalyzed direct dehydrogenative annulation very easy to handle.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ketenes and 9,10‐Phenanthrenequinone Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes.
Authors: Shao Pan‐Lin , Chen Xiang‐Yu , Sun Li‐Hui , Ye Song
Published: July 2010

Chiral N‐heterocyclic carbenes, generated from tetrafluoroborates (I) and cesium carbonate, are investigated as catalysts for the asymmetric [4 + 2] cycloaddition of alkyl aryl ketones with o‐quinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Effective Stereoselective Synthesis of Vinyl Ethers of 5‐Alkyl‐2‐(2‐furyl)‐5‐hydroxymethyl‐1,3‐dioxanes.
Authors: Trofimov B. A. , Oparina L. A. , Vysotskaya O. V. , Stepanov A. V. , Gusarova N. K.
Published: July 2010

An effective and stereoselective method for the synthesis of new dioxanes (V) containing furan heterocycles and vinyloxy groups is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of a New 6‐Alkoxy‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐b]pyridazine.
Authors: Guan Li‐Ping , Sui Xin , Deng Xian‐Qing , Quan Ying‐Chun , Quan Zhe‐Shan
Published: July 2010

Title compounds (III) are synthesized by condensation with formylhydrazine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 9‐Alkyl‐6‐amino[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐c]‐5‐azaquinoxalines. Mild and Effective SNAr Amination of Highly Electron‐Poor Heterocycles.
Authors: Unciti‐Broceta Asier , Pineda‐de‐las‐Infantas Maria Jose , Gallo Miguel Angel , Espinosa Antonio
Published: July 2010

The previously reported substrates (I) readily undergo an SNAr reaction with ammonia in acetonitrile solution under thermal or microwave conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Fused Polycyclic Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 21. Condensation of 4‐Hydroxy‐3,5‐diphenyl‐2‐phenyliminothiazolidine with 5‐Fluoro‐4‐morpholino‐ and ‐4‐(4‐methylpiperazino)‐1,2‐phenylenediamines.
Authors: Mamedov V. A. , Zhukova N. A. , Beschastnova T. N. , Balandina A. A. , Gubaidullin A. T. , Kotovskaya S. K. , Latypov Sh. K. , Levin Ya. A. , Charushin V. N.
Published: July 2010

The title reaction results in the formation of regioisomeric thiazoloquinoxalines (III)/(IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of New Kojic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Aytemir Mutlu Dilsiz , Septioglu Ebubekir , Calis Uensal
Published: July 2010

A series of novel Mannich bases of kojic acid (IV) (15 examples) are synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Fused Azecine Ring Systems Through Application of the tert‐Amino Effect.
Authors: Dunkel Petra , Turos Gyoergy , Benyei Attila , Ludanyi Krisztina , Matyus Peter
Published: July 2010

Microwave heating of the vinylic amines (VII) and their pyridazinone analogues such as (XII) allows a new and straightforward access to fused azecine ring systems like (VIII) and (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Ga(III)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Approach to (.+‐.)‐Icetexone and (.+‐.)‐epi‐Icetexone.
Authors: de Jesus Cortez Felipe , Sarpong Richmond
Published: July 2010

An expedient route to the tetracyclic lactones (IV) and (V), precursors of icetexone and epi‐icetexone, is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Triterpenoids from Angiopteris palmiformis.
Authors: Chen Chiy‐Rong , Liao Yun‐Wen , Wu Hui‐Ting , Shih Wen‐Ling , Tzeng Chih‐Ying , Yang Sheng‐Zehn , Hernandez Carlos Eduardo , Chang Chi‐I
Published: July 2010

Compounds (I), (III) and (IV) exhibit promising cytotoxic activity against human hepatoma SK Hep‐1 cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of Alkyl Radicals, Generated from Carboxylic Acids via Photochemical Decarboxylation, to Glyoxylic Oxime Ether: A Mild and Efficient Route to α‐Substituted α‐Aminoesters.
Authors: Yoshimi Yasuharu , Kobayashi Kosuke , Kamakura Hayato , Nishikawa Keisuke , Haga Yoshiki , Maeda Kousuke , Morita Toshio , Itou Tatsuya , Okada Yutaka , Hatanaka Minoru
Published: July 2010

It is found that carboxylic acid serves both as a Broensted acid and as a radical source.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Stereocontrolled Intramolecular Carbocyclization of Levoglucosenone Adduct with Isoprene.
Authors: Sharipov B. T. , Krasnoslobodtseva O. Yu. , Spirikhin L. V. , Valeev F. A.
Published: July 2010

The transformation of the levoglucosinone adduct (I) and related derivatives into carbocycles is studied in detail.
ChemInform Abstract: Swerilactones E‐G, Three Unusual Lactones from Swertia mileensis.
Authors: Geng Chang‐An , Zhang Xue‐Mei , Ma Yun‐Bao , Jiang Zhi‐Yong , Luo Jie , Zhou Jun , Wang Hong‐Ling , Chen Ji‐Jun
Published: July 2010

Significant anti‐HBV activity in vitro is observed for swerilactone E (I) and F (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Total Synthesis of (+)‐Neopeltolide.
Authors: Fuwa Haruhiko , Saito Asami , Sasaki Makoto
Published: July 2010

The title compound (I) shows potent antiproliferative activity against several cancer cell lines and good antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Inorganic Nanomaterials
Authors: Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai
Published: July 2010

Review: 148 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrathin Magnesia Films as Support for Molecules and Metal Clusters: Tuning Reactivity by Thickness and Composition
Authors: Vaida Mihai E. , Bernhardt Thorsten M. , Barth Clemens , Esch Friedrich , Heiz Ueli , Landman Uzi
Published: July 2010

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Use of Nanostructured Single‐Site Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Selective Transformation of Fine Chemicals
Authors: Dal Santo Vladimiro , Liguori Francesca , Pirovano Claudio , Guidotti Matteo
Published: July 2010

Review: 139 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties of Radical, Crystalline Mixed Cyclopentadienyl/Dithiolene Complexes
Authors: Fourmigue Marc
Published: July 2010

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Multimetallic Catalysis Using Metallosalens
Authors: Haak Robert M. , Wezenberg Sander J. , Kleij Arjan W.
Published: July 2010

Review: 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Building Addressable Libraries as Platforms for Biological Assays by an Electrochemical Method
Authors: Yoshida Jun‐ichi , Nagaki Aiichiro
Published: July 2010

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aspects of Small‐Sized Cyclophanes in Terms of Weak Interactions Involving π Electron System
Authors: Tsuge Akihiko
Published: July 2010

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis under High‐Temperature/Pressure Conditions
Authors: Razzaq Tahseen , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: July 2010

Review: 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Trikentrins and of Herbindoles
Authors: Silva Luiz F. Jr. , Craveiro Marcus V. , Tebeka Iris R. M.
Published: July 2010

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Catalyzed Allylation of Organoboranes and Organoboronic Acids
Authors: Pigge F. Christopher
Published: July 2010

Review: about 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluoroolefins via Julia—Kocienski Olefination
Authors: Zajc Barbara , Kumar Rakesh
Published: July 2010

Review: ca. 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition of Nitrones to Metal‐Activated Nitriles and Isocyanides
Authors: Bokach N. A.
Published: July 2010

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Potential and Perspectives of Cyclonucleosides
Authors: Mieczkowski A. , Agrofoglio L. A.
Published: July 2010

Review: 269 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bile Acids in Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Discrimination
Authors: Bortolini Olga , Fantin Giancarlo , Fogagnolo Marco
Published: July 2010

Review: 82 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Organometallic Radical Chemistry in Water
Authors: Postigo Al
Published: July 2010

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Analysis: Label‐Free and Substrate‐Free Aptasensors
Authors: Li Bingling , Dong Shaojun , Wang Erkang
Published: July 2010

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Efflux Pump Inhibitors: A Strategy to Combat P‐Glycoprotein and the NorA Multidrug Resistance Pump
Authors: Zhang Ling , Ma Shutao
Published: July 2010

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox Regulation of Chlorophyll Biosynthesis
Authors: Stenbaek Anne , Jensen Poul Erik
Published: July 2010

Review: 54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Preventive Action of Nobiletin, a Constituent of AURANTII NOBILIS PERICARPIUM with anti‐Dementia Activity, Against Amyloid‐β Peptide‐Induced Neurotoxicity Expression and Memory Impairment
Authors: Yamakuni Tohru , Nakajima Akira , Ohizumi Yasushi
Published: July 2010

Review: 11 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Novel Cell Culture Systems Utilizing the Advantages of Collagen Vitrigel Membrane
Authors: Takezawa Toshiaki , et al. et al.
Published: July 2010

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cell‐Cycle Markers and Biosensors
Authors: Kurzawa Laetitia , Morris May C.
Published: July 2010

Review: 153 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer Membranes for Fuel Cells: Manufacture, Structure, Modification, Properties
Authors: Ivanchev S. S. , Myakin S. V.
Published: July 2010

Review: 148 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Azide: A Unique Dipole for Metal‐Free Bioorthogonal Ligations
Authors: Debets Marjoke F. , van der Doelen Chirstianus W. J. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. , van Delft Floris L.
Published: July 2010

Review: ca. 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photofunctional Silica Gel Beads as Environmental Conscious Materials
Authors: Yasuda Masahide , Matsumoto Jin , Shiragami Tsutomu
Published: July 2010

Review: 30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Troubleshooting Methods for Toxicity Testing of Airborne Chemicals in vitro
Authors: Bakand Shahnaz , Hayes Amanda
Published: July 2010

Review: 149 refs.
Assessment of potential immunotoxic effects caused by cypermethrin, fluoxetine, and thiabendazole using heat shock protein 70 and interleukin-1β mRNA expression in the anuran Xenopus laevis
Authors: Martini Federica , Fernández Carlos , Segundo Laura San , Tarazona José V. , Pablos M. Victoria
Published: July 2010

The current study describes the effect of cypermethrin, fluoxetine, and thiabendazole, at environmentally relevant concentrations, on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), using Xenopus laevis larvae as animal model. Cytokines and interleukins are considered good predictors of the immunotoxic potential of xenobiotics. Tadpoles at stage 47 (normal tables of X. laevis) were exposed under static conditions to: 0.3 and 30 µg/L fluoxetine, 0.7 µg/L thiabendazole, and 0.24 µg/L cypermethrin. The effects were evaluated at 7, 24, and 72 h, and 6 and 9 d. Randomly chosen tadpoles were used as genetic material for detection of hsp70 and IL-1β mRNA induction through reverse transcription PCR. Tadpoles exposed to 30 µg/L fluoxetine showed mRNA expression of both genes at all exposure times, whereas at 0.3 µg/L a peak response for hsp70 was observed after 24 h, and the increase in IL-1β mRNA was statistically significant with respect to the control 72 h after exposure. Thiabendazole induced a high expression of mRNA for both hsp70 and IL-1β at all exposure times. Cypermethrin increased the hsp70 mRNA levels, with a peak at 24 h, and provoked high expression of IL-1β mRNA at all exposure times. Considering the relationship between HSP70 and IL-1β and their involvement (mainly of IL-1β) in immune responses, certain changes observed in their expression could be considered warning indicators of potential immunotoxic effects of these substances on Xenopus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2536–2543. © 2010 SETAC
Zellen mit zurückgedrehter Uhr
Authors: Groß Michael
Published: July 2010

Nur vier Faktoren sind nötig, um aus ausdifferenzierten Zellen der Maus pluripotente Stammzellen zu gewinnen, die sich nicht mehr von embryonalen Stammzellen unterscheiden. Einer Übertragung des Prinzips auf den Menschen steht allerdings das hohe Krebsrisiko im Weg.
Über die Kunst, dem Rechner das Lesen beizubringen
Authors: Zimmermann Marc
Published: July 2010

Eine automatische Texterkennung für Strukturformeln übersetzt Abbildungen in digitalisierte chemische Informationen. Mit einer Mustererkennung und einem trainierten Expertensystem sind Moleküle in Dokumenten suchbar wie Wörter.
Von der Revolution zur Reife
Authors: Karas Michael , Hillenkamp Franz
Published: July 2010

Das Wachstum der Proteomics hat in den letzten Jahren die Entwicklung massenspektrometrischer Instrumente und Methoden angetrieben. Der Weg vom Massenspektrum zu biologischer Information ist aber nach wie vor weit und Grundlagenforschung bleibt unverzichtbar – ein Überblick über aktuelle Trends in der Massenspektrometrie.
Die zwei Gesichter des Lithiums
Authors: Sollmann Dominik
Published: July 2010

In Batterien liefert Lithium die konkurrenzlos besten Energiedichten. Doch zehn Millionen Notebook‐Akkumulatoren, welche die Hersteller wegen Brandgefahr in den vergangenen Monaten zurückriefen, zeigen die andere Seite des Lithiums: seine hohe Reaktivität.
Kunststoffindustrie: transparent und glänzend
Authors: Bulmahn Maren
Published: July 2010

Die Automobilindustrie reduziert mit Kunststoffen Gewicht. Polymere sind angenehm zu berühren und schön anzuschauen – Eigenschaften, die Verpackungen gut anstehen. Polyethylen und Polyvinylchlorid machen Miniaturisierung in der Medizintechnik möglich.
Knowledge lost in information
Authors: Hopf Henning
Published: July 2010

Immer mehr Veröffentlichungen, immer mehr wissenschaftliche Zeitschriften – ein Informations‐Tsunami scheint uns zu überrollen. Doch gleichzeitig herrscht Unsicherheit darüber, ob die traditionelle Form des wissenschaftlichen Publizierens nicht doch ein Auslaufmodell ist. Liegt die Zukunft gar im open access?
Kommunikation und Konsortien
Authors: Jung Robert
Published: July 2010

Reach fordert von der chemischen Industrie bereichs‐ und unternehmensübergreifende Abstimmung und Zusammenarbeit. Doch Reach birgt auch Chancen: Öffentlichkeit und Investoren honorieren nachhaltige und umweltverträgliche Maßnahmen.
Spatio-temporal oscillations of individual mitochondria in cardiac myocytes reveal modulation of synchronized mitochondrial clusters
Authors: Kurz Felix T. , Aon Miguel A. , O'Rourke Brian , Armoundas Antonis A.
Published: July 2010

Mitochondrial networks in cardiac myocytes under oxidative stress show collective (cluster) behavior through synchronization of their inner membrane potentials (ΔΨ

m

). However, it is unclear whether the oscillation frequency and coupling strength between individual mitochondria affect the size of the cluster and vice versa. We used the wavelet transform and developed advanced signal processing tools that allowed us to capture individual mitochondrial ΔΨ

m

oscillations in cardiac myocytes and examine their dynamic spatio-temporal properties. Heterogeneous frequency behavior prompted us to sort mitochondria according to their frequencies. Signal analysis of the mitochondrial network showed an inverse relationship between cluster size and cluster frequency as well as between cluster amplitude and cluster size. High cross-correlation coefficients between neighboring mitochondria clustered longitudinally along the myocyte striations, indicated anisotropic communication between mitochondria. Isochronal mapping of the onset of myocyte-wide ΔΨ

m

depolarization further exemplified heterogeneous ΔΨ

m

among mitochondria. Taken together, the results suggest that frequency and amplitude modulation of clusters of synchronized mitochondria arises by means of strong changes in local coupling between neighboring mitochondria.
Non-resonant wave front reversal of spin waves used for microwave signal processing
Authors: Vasyuchka V I , Melkov G A , Slavin A N , Chumak A V , Moiseienko V A , Hillebrands B
Published: July 2010

It is demonstrated that non-resonant (ωs ≠ ωp/2) wave front reversal (WFR) of spin-wave pulses (carrier frequency ωs) caused by pulsed parametric pumping (carrier frequency ωp) can be effectively used for microwave signal processing. When the spectral width Ωs of the signal is wider than the frequency band Ωp of signal amplification by pumping (Ωs ≫ Ωp), the non-resonant WFR can be used for the analysis of the signal spectrum. In the opposite case (Ωs ≪ Ωp) the non-resonant WFR can be used for active (with amplification) filtering of the input signal.
Photoanodic properties of pulsed-laser-deposited α-Fe2O3 electrode
Authors: Cao Junyu , Kako Tetsuya , Kikugawa Naoki , Ye Jinhua
Published: July 2010

Iron oxide photoelectrodes were prepared using pulsed laser deposition with hematite pellet as the target. The dependences of photocurrent density on post-annealing O2 pressure, thickness, heating temperature and surface morphology were investigated in detail. The photoelectrode properties were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, XPS, UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, SEM, current density and photoelectrochemical measurements. The α-Fe2O3 thin film of thickness 70 nm prepared using the SiO2 sphere template method with post-annealing under an O2 pressure of 160 Pa at 550 °C showed the highest photocurrent density (275 µA cm−2) under AM1.5 solar simulated light irradiation.
Modelling of an InAs/GaSb/InSb short-period superlattice laser diode for mid-infrared emission by the k.p method
Authors: Rejeb S Ben , Debbichi M , Said M , Gassenq A , Tournié E , Christol P
Published: July 2010

The electronic band structure and optical gain of an InAs/GaSb/InSb short-period superlattice laser diode on a GaSb substrate are numerically investigated with an accurate 8 × 8 k.p model. Using a realistic graded and asymmetric interface profile, we obtain a reasonable agreement on band gap energy with our experimental data extracted from laser emissions performed on the laser diode. The optical performance in terms of optical gain is then calculated for the laser structure and we demonstrate the utility of interface design to model short-period superlattice structures.
Depth profiling of vacancy defects and their thermal stability in N-implanted Si: a positron annihilation study
Authors: Varghese Anto C , Abhaya S , Magudapathy P , Amarendra G , Nair K G M
Published: July 2010

Depth-resolved positron annihilation studies have been carried out on nitrogen-implanted Si to investigate defect evolution and thermal stability. Si(1 0 0) wafers have been implanted with 60 keV N+ ions to a fluence of 1 × 1014 and 1 × 1015 ions/cm2. From positron diffusion analysis of defect-sensitive S-parameter profiles, it is found that the higher dose sample undergoes a two-step annealing process consisting of annealing of deep level defects, followed by vacancy agglomeration near the surface at 873 K. For the low dose sample, however, nitrogen vacancy complexes are the only major defects remaining at 873 K. Annealing at 1073 K is sufficient to remove all kinds of open volume defects present in the samples.
Pull-in and wrinkling instabilities of electroactive dielectric actuators
Authors: De Tommasi D , Puglisi G , Saccomandi G , Zurlo G
Published: July 2010

We propose a model to analyse the insurgence of pull-in and wrinkling failures in electroactive thin films. We take into consideration both cases of voltage and charge control, the role of pre-stretch and the size of activated regions, which are all crucial factors in technological applications of electroactive polymers (EAPs). Based on simple geometrical and material assumptions we deduce an explicit analytical description of these phenomena, allowing a clear physical interpretation of different failure mechanisms such as the occurrence of pull-in and wrinkling. Despite our simple assumptions, the comparison with experiments shows a good qualitative and, interestingly, quantitative agreement. In particular our model shows, in accordance with experiments, the existence of different optimal pre-stretch values, depending on the choice of the actuating parameter of the EAP.
Methylopila jiangsuensis sp. nov., an aerobic, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium
Authors: Li Lian , Zheng Jin-Wei , Hang Bao-Jian , Doronina Nina V. , Trotsenko Yuri A. , He Jian , Li Shun-Peng
Published: July 2010

The taxonomic status was determined of an aerobic, facultatively methylotrophic strain, JZL-4T, isolated from activated sludge. The cells were Gram-negative, asporogenous, colourless, motile, short rods. The strain utilized methanol, methylamine, formate and a variety of polycarbon compounds, but not methane, dichloromethane or CO2/H2, as carbon and energy sources. C1 compounds were assimilated via the isocitrate lyase-negative serine pathway. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, pH 6.5–7.5 and 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c and C18 : 0. The major phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME); PME, the main phospholipid of strain JZL-4T, was absent or present in only minor amounts in Methylopila capsulata IM1T, Methylopila helvetica DM9T and Albibacter methylovorans DM10T. The major ubiquinone was Q-10. The DNA G+C content of strain JZL-4T was 70.4 mol% (T
m). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain showed high sequence similarities to M. capsulata IM1T (97.2 %), A. methylovorans DM10T (94.9 %) and M. helvetica DM9T (94.1 %), and showed less than 94 % similarity to strains of other species with validly published names. Strain JZL-4T had a low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (34 %) with M. capsulata IM1T. On the basis of phenotypic, genetic and phylogenetic data, strain JZL-4T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Methylopila, with the name Methylopila jiangsuensis sp. nov. The type strain is strain JZL-4T ( = ACCC 05406T  = DSM 22718T  = VKM B-2555T).
Litorimonas taeanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a sandy beach
Authors: Jung Ji Young , Kim Jeong Myeong , Jin Hyun Mi , Kim Sun Young , Park Woojun , Jeon Che Ok
Published: July 2010

A heterotrophic, Gram-negative, prosthecate bacterium, designated strain G5T, was isolated from a sandy beach of Taean in South Korea. Cells of strain G5T were aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, straight to slightly curved motile rods with a single flagellum and formed yellow–orange colonies on agar. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C (optimum 25–30 °C) and pH 6–9 (optimum pH 7–8). The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 0, C16 : 0, 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 1ω8c and C17 : 1ω6c. The polar lipid pattern indicated the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, monoglycosyldiglyceride, glucuronopyranosyldiglyceride and two unidentified glycolipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63.6 mol% and the major quinone was Q-10. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain G5T belonged to the branch containing the genera Hellea, Robiginitomaculum and Hypomonas within the family Hyphomonadaceae. Within this group, strain G5T was most closely related to Hellea balneolensis 26III/A02/215T with 95.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Based on its phylogenetic position and its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strain G5T represents a novel species of a novel genus of the family Hyphomonadaceae, for which the name Litorimonas taeanensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G5T ( = KACC 13701T  = DSM 22008T).
Mucilaginibacter myungsuensis sp. nov., isolated from a mesotrophic artificial lake
Authors: Joung Yochan , Joh Kiseong
Published: July 2010

A non-motile, pale-yellow bacterium, designated strain HMD1056T, was isolated from an artificial lake located within the campus of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, Korea. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 49.1 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (22.4 %). The major respiratory quinone was MK-7. The DNA G+C content was 46.9 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMD1056T formed a lineage within the genus Mucilaginibacter and was closely related to the type strains of Mucilaginibacter ximonensis (95.4 % sequence similarity), Mucilaginibacter kameinonensis (94.5 %) and Mucilaginibacter paludis (93.4 %). On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMD1056T represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, for which the name Mucilaginibacter myungsuensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMD1056T ( = KCTC 22746T  = CECT 7550T).
Chryseobacterium ginsenosidimutans sp. nov., a bacterium with ginsenoside-converting activity isolated from soil of a Rhus vernicifera-cultivated field
Authors: Im Wan-Taek , Yang Jung-Eun , Kim Se-Young , Yi Tae-Hoo
Published: July 2010

A Gram-reaction-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated THG 15T, was isolated from soil of a field cultivated with Rhus vernicifera in Okcheon province, South Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain THG 15T grew optimally at 25–30 °C and at pH 7 in the absence of NaCl on nutrient agar. Strain THG 15T displayed β-glucosidase (aesculinase) activity that was responsible for its ability to transform ginsenoside Rb1 (one of the dominant active components of ginseng) into compound K via Rd and F2. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain THG 15T was shown to belong to the family Flavobacteriaceae and was most closely related to Chryseobacterium soldanellicola PSD1-4T (97.7 % sequence similarity), Chryseobacterium soli JS6-6T (97.5 %) and Chryseobacterium indoltheticum LMG 4025T (97.3 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 35.7 mol%. The major menaquinone was MK-6 and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (50.3 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (21.9 %), summed feature 4 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH; 9.5 %) and iso-C17 : 1ω9c (9.3 %). DNA sequence analysis and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain THG 15T to the genus Chryseobacterium. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain THG 15T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours were <15 %. Strain THG 15T could be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from recognized species of the genus Chryseobacterium. The isolate therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Chryseobacterium ginsenosidimutans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG 15T ( = KACC 14527T  = JCM 16719T).
Bacillus graminis sp. nov., an endophyte isolated from a coastal dune plant
Authors: Bibi Fehmida , Chung Eu Jin , Jeon Che Ok , Chung Young Ryun
Published: July 2010

A Gram-stain-positive endophytic bacterium, designated strain YC6957T, was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of a halophyte (Elymus mollisTrin.) inhabiting coastal tidal flats of Namhae Island, located on the southern coast of Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Cells were facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming rods to coccoid rods, motile by a single flagellum. Strain YC6957Twas catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and able to grow in the presence of 0–8 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 4–5 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred at 15–45 °C (optimal growth at 30–35 °C) and pH 6.0–8.5 (optimal growth at pH 7.0–8.0). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0(11.3 %), iso-C15 : 0(19.2 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0(36.4 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan containedmeso-diaminopimelic acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 41.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the isolate belonged to the genusBacillus. Strain YC6957Texhibited high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest neighbours,Bacillus rurisLMG 22866T(96.14 %),Bacillus lentusNCIMB 8773T(95.97 %) andBacillus galactosidilyticusLMG 17892T(95.91 %), and less than 95.84 % similarity to all other type strains in the genusBacillus. On the basis of the phylogenetic, physiological and biochemical data, it is suggested that strain YC6957Trepresents a novel species of the genusBacillus, for which the nameBacillus graminissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6957T( = KACC 13779T = DSM 22162T).
Two novel marine Frontonia species, Frontonia mengi spec. nov. and Frontonia magna spec. nov. (Protozoa; Ciliophora), with notes on their phylogeny based on small-subunit rRNA gene sequence data
Authors: Fan Xinpeng , Chen Xiangrui , Song Weibo , Al-Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Warren Alan
Published: July 2010

The morphology and infraciliature of two novel marine ciliates, Frontonia mengi spec. nov. and Frontonia magna spec. nov., isolated from coastal waters in northern and southern China, respectively, were investigated using living observation and silver impregnation methods. Frontonia mengi spec. nov. is characterized by its slender body shape, with a length-to-width ratio of about 5 : 1, about 52 somatic kineties and the structure of its buccal apparatus. Frontonia magna spec. nov. can be recognized by the combination of huge body size, about 200 somatic kineties, five or six vestibular kineties and four-rowed peniculi 1–3. Phylogenetic trees based on small-subunit rRNA gene sequences were constructed by means of Bayesian inference and maximum-parsimony. Results showed that F. mengi and F. magna are sister to each other within the ‘core’ clade of Frontonia that also includes Frontonia lynni and Frontonia tchibisovae and that the genus Frontonia may be polyphyletic, because one species, Frontonia didieri, always groups with Paramecium and Apofrontonia.
Flavitalea populi gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from soil of a Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) forest
Authors: Wang Yang , Cai Feng , Tang Yali , Dai Jun , Qi Huan , Rahman Erkin , Peng Fang , Fang Chengxiang
Published: July 2010

A novel strain, designated HY-50RT, isolated from soil of a Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) forest in Xinjiang, China, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of the isolate were Gram-reaction-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate was a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes, its closest relatives being Niastella populi THYL-44T (93.6 % similarity), Flavisolibacter ginsengisoli Gsoil 643T (93.5 %), Terrimonas ferruginea IAM 15098T (93.3 %) and Flavisolibacter ginsengiterrae Gsoil 492T (93.2 %). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G (11.7 %), iso-C15 : 0 (19.6 %) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (19.3 %). The predominant menaquinone of strain HY-50RT was MK-7 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 46.8 mol%. Flexirubin-type pigments were not produced. Based on phylogenetic evidence and the results of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analysis, strain HY-50RT represents a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Flavitalea populi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HY-50RT ( = CCTCC AB 208255T  = NRRL B-59222T).
Campylobacter jejuni proteins Cj0952c and Cj0951c affect chemotactic behaviour towards formic acid and are important for invasion of host cells
Authors: Tareen A. Malik , Dasti Javid Iqbal , Zautner Andreas E. , Groß Uwe , Lugert Raimond
Published: July 2010

Campylobacter jejuni, an important food-borne bacterial pathogen in industrialized countries and in the developing world, is one of the major causes of bacterial diarrhoea. To identify genes which are important for the invasion of host cells by the pathogen, we screened altogether 660 clones of a transposon-generated mutant library based on the clinical C. jejuni isolate B2. Thereby, we identified a clone with a transposon insertion in gene cj0952c. As in the well-characterized C. jejuni strain NCTC 11168, the corresponding protein together with the gene product of the adjacent gene cj0951c consists of two transmembrane domains, a HAMP domain and a putative MCP domain, which together are thought to act as a chemoreceptor, designated Tlp7. In this report we show that genes cj0952c and cj0951c (i) are important for the host cell invasion of the pathogen, (ii) are not translated as one protein in C. jejuni isolate B2, contradicting the idea of a postulated read-through mechanism, (iii) affect the motility of C. jejuni, (iv) alter the chemotactic behaviour of the pathogen towards formic acid, and (v) are not related to the utilization of formic acid by formate dehydrogenase.
An Integrative Approach to Genomic Introgression Mapping
Authors: Severin Andrew J. , Peiffer Gregory A. , Xu Wayne W. , Hyten David L. , Bucciarelli Bruna , O’Rourke Jamie A. , Bolon Yung-Tsi , Grant David , Farmer Andrew D. , May Gregory D. , Vance Carroll P. , Shoemaker Randy C. , Stupar Robert M.
Published: July 2010

Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are valuable genetic resources for many crop species, including soybean (Glycine max). The development of new molecular platforms promises to accelerate the mapping of genetic introgressions in these materials. Here, we compare some existing and emerging methodologies for genetic introgression mapping: single-feature polymorphism analysis, Illumina GoldenGate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, and de novo SNP discovery via RNA-Seq analysis of next-generation sequence data. We used these methods to map the introgressed regions in an iron-inefficient soybean NIL and found that the three mapping approaches are complementary when utilized in combination. The comparative RNA-Seq approach offers several additional advantages, including the greatest mapping resolution, marker depth, and de novo marker utility for downstream fine-mapping analysis. We applied the comparative RNA-Seq method to map genetic introgressions in an additional pair of NILs exhibiting differential seed protein content. Furthermore, we attempted to optimize the comparative RNA-Seq approach by assessing the impact of sequence depth, SNP identification methodology, and post hoc analyses on SNP discovery rates. We conclude that the comparative RNA-Seq approach can be optimized with sufficient sampling and by utilizing a post hoc correction accounting for gene density variation that controls for false discoveries.
Sex role orientation and conflict resolution in the joint purchase decisions of spouses
Authors: Makgosa Rina
Published: July 2010

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the effects of sex role orientation (SRO) on conflict resolution strategies vary across ethnic groups.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire was used with a sample of 295 husbands and 288 wives of British White, Indian and African Black origin residents of London and Manchester in the UK.

Findings

The results showed that SRO had a significant impact on conflict resolution strategies for both husbands and wives across the three British ethnic groups. A modern SRO encourages bargaining within all the three ethnic groups and playing on emotion, disengagement and assertiveness for Indians and African Black husbands. In addition, a modern SRO increases bargaining for African Blacks wives and playing on emotion, supplication and assertiveness for British Whites wives.

Research limitations/implications

Overall, the paper provides substantial evidence of differences in the use of conflict resolution strategies by husbands and wives from the three ethnic groups.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to knowledge about differences in the effects of SRO on conflict resolution strategies used in joint purchase decisions for major household durables in a multicultural country.
Tourism and hospitality small and medium enterprises and environmental sustainability
Authors: Alonso Abel D. , Ogle Alfred
Published: July 2010

Purpose

While environmental sustainability is increasingly gaining relevance, it appears to have been ignored in certain areas, such as in research on water usage of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the hospitality and tourism industries. The purpose of this paper is to examine this dimension from the perspective of the operators.

Design/methodology/approach

Semi‐structured face‐to‐face and telephone interviews were conducted with ten managers/operators in the Swan Valley region of Western Australia.

Findings

Strong manager/operator awareness of the impact of their actions on the environment was demonstrated. Also salient was the factors impinging on implementation of environmental initiatives. Business demands or added costs also present challenges in fully materializing an operator's environmentally sustainable practices, particularly concerning water consumption in service areas, such as in toilets, which represents a large proportion of total water usage.

Research limitations/implications

The limited number of participants does not allow for making generalizations of environmentally sustainable practices among SMEs in the hospitality and tourism sector. However, this exploratory study provides insights into an area that has received very limited attention in academic research.

Practical implications

As environmental issues may increasingly become more serious, the engagement of managers, operators, the wider business community and other bodies at different levels is critical. In this regard, the study provides several implications for these stakeholders.

Originality/value

Very few studies have attempted to investigate environmental issues among small hospitality and tourism enterprises. This paper not only seeks to close knowledge gaps in an under‐researched area but also to open the door for future studies in the area.
Working time management and SME performance in Europe
Authors: Smith Mark , Zagelmeyer Stefan
Published: July 2010

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the management of working time flexibility and firm performance, measured by operating hours, in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in Europe.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper analyses the European Capital Operating time, Work and Employment Survey (EUCOWE), designed to collect workplace information on operating hours. With data on more than 17,000 establishments in six European countries – France, Germany, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and the UK – the paper analyses working time patterns and operating hours.

Findings

The authors show the positive relationship between company size and operating times and how SMEs make more limited use of more advanced forms of working‐time organisation that may allow them to extend their operating hours. The use of less complex working time measures such as overtime does not have the same positive association with operating hours. However, the results also highlight that smaller establishments can still benefit from the adoption of certain working time practices. The results suggest that the influence of the regulatory environment on the use of working practices or the duration of operating hours is not straightforward, and as such the impact of national regulatory frameworks cannot be discounted in the country‐specific differences identified.

Originality/value

The paper uses the first comparable data on operating hours and working patterns to demonstrate the limitations on SME operating times across European countries.
The risks of being a lone mother on income support in Canada and the USA
Authors: Gazso Amber , McDaniel Susan A.
Published: July 2010

Purpose

This paper aims to explore how neo‐liberalism shapes income support policy and lone mothers' experiences in Canada and the USA.

Design/methodology/approach

A critical comparative analysis is undertaken of how Canadian and US governments take up sociological concepts of risk, market citizenship, and individualization, whether explicitly or implicitly, in the design and administration of neo‐liberal income support policies directed at lone mothers. Specifically, the contradictory life circumstances that Canadian and American lone mothers experience when they access income supports that are designed ostensibly to construct/reconstruct them as citizens capable of risk taking in their search for employment and self‐sufficiency are compared.

Findings

The paper finds that the realities for poor lone mothers are remarkably similar in the two countries and therefore argue that income support policies, particularly welfare‐to‐work initiatives, underpinned by neo‐liberal tenets, can act in a counter‐intuitive manner exposing lone mothers to greater rather than lesser economic and social insecurity/inequality, and constructing them as risk aversive and dependent.

Research limitations/implications

The economic and social implications/contradictions of neo‐liberal restructuring of income support policies for lone mothers is revealed.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to broader scholarship on the gendered dimensions of neo‐liberal restructuring of welfare states in late modernity.
Supply strategy and business performance
Authors: González‐Benito Javier
Published: July 2010

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of purchasing and supply strategies on business performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical results are based on information provided on a questionnaire by purchasing managers in 180 Spanish industrial firms.

Findings

An organization's commercial and financial performance increases when it increases the relative importance of flexibility and decreases the relative importance of reductions in stock levels and purchasing prices in its supply strategy. The best performing firms are those that combine quality, dependability, and flexibility as priority objectives and relegate cost reductions to secondary importance.

Research limitations/implications

Although the research is designed to mitigate the effect of common method bias, it still depends on perceptual measures of performance. Further research should enlarge the list of generic competitive objectives to take into account newer dimensions cited in existing literature, such as innovation or environmental management.

Practical implications

The results provide useful information for managers who wish to configure an optimal profile of competitive objectives for their purchasing and supply function.

Originality/value

The paper uses an approach that introduces two innovative elements. First, strategy is conceived of as a profile of generic competitive objectives, not as a set of practices deployed by the purchasing function. Second, the study introduces the concept of the relative importance of a competitive objective, rather than the absolute importance of that objective, which enables an analysis of the effect of the interrelationships among the different competitive objectives.
Antecedents and outcomes of manufacturability in integrated product development
Authors: Doll William J. , Hong Paul , Nahm Abraham
Published: July 2010

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a model linking the role of design engineers to shared team knowledge, enhanced manufacturability, and product development outcomes. New product manufacturability is a quality of the product design that indicates the ease and reliability by which an organization develops products by using its manufacturing and supply chain resources.

Design/methodology/approach

The model is tested using a sample of 205 product development projects from firms in the USA and Canada.

Findings

The findings of the large‐scale empirical study suggest that by facilitating informing practices among functional specialists, design engineers help translate a functional portrayal of the product in terms of customer attributes, to a form description in terms of engineering characteristics, and then to a fabrication view in terms of manufacturing processes.

Practical implications

New product manufacturability can be a distinctive competency that provides competitive advantage by lowering costs, improving customer value, and speeding products to market.

Originality/value

In contrast to previous research that showed that role changes of design engineers have a narrow impact on development productivity (e.g. improving resource allocation), this paper suggests that these role changes of design engineers have a much broader impact on manufacturability and, through this, improve manufacturing cost, time‐to‐market, and value‐to‐customers.
An examination of the relationship between manufacturing flexibility and firm performance
Authors: Camisón César , Villar López Ana
Published: July 2010

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to test the mediating role of three types of innovation (product, process, and organizational) in the relationship between manufacturing flexibility and performance.

Design/methodology/approach

Building on the resource‐based view, the paper examines the indirect effects of manufacturing flexibility on organizational performance considering product, process, and organizational innovation as mediating variables. A sample of 159 Spanish firms is taken to test the proposed theoretical model through structural equations modeling using the partial least squares approach.

Findings

The effect on organizational performance of adopting a flexible productive system is mediated by incorporating product, process, and organizational innovation. This paper calls for caution in defending flexible manufacturing systems as universally efficient solutions, and argues that their productivity is linked to the complementary introduction of organizational and technological innovations.

Practical implications

Firms that pursue manufacturing flexibility should develop innovation capabilities to obtain an improvement in organizational performance. Therefore, managers should bear in mind that the mere fact of adopting a flexible manufacturing system will not guarantee improvements in firm performance. If manufacturing flexibility is to help improve company performance, managers should use this flexibility to generate organizational capabilities based on product, process, and organizational innovations, since these are capabilities that can create competitive advantages.

Originality/value

Operations management literature has not reached a consensus about the effect of manufacturing flexibility on organizational performance. This paper helps both academics and managers to gain a better understanding of this question by considering the mediating effect of three types of innovation (product, process, and organizational) in this relationship.