bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Regeneration Of Anthocephalus Cadamba From Nodal Explant
Authors: Asmono S L , Setyoko U , Ali F Y , Sjamsijah N , Sugiyono
Published: April 2023

Micropropagation of Anthocephalus cadamba, one of the tropical trees and also includes a medicinal plant, has been cultured using nodal explants. The results in general, showed that the growth of jabon’s shoot in in vitro culture is influenced by the interaction between BAP and NAA. The addition of BAP at a higher concentration than NAA could stimulate shoot formation. Whereas, the addition of sole NAA stimulated the root formation. The highest shoots number (6 shoots/explant) was obtained on the basal medium of Murashige and Skoog supplemented with 5µM BAP and 2µM NAA for 90 DAP. In addition, from several treatments, there were several explants that grew roots that appeared at 56 DAP in the MS + 0µM BAP + 2µM NAA treatment. On that treatment as well, there were also roots with the highest average of 1.5 roots per expansion with an average length of 2.1cm.
Performance and seed quality of several open pollinated chili seed lots
Authors: Azmi C , Sembiring A , Manik F , Harmanto
Published: April 2023

Information related to the performance of chili plants and seeds is important for seed industry players to know. Therefore, observations were made regarding the performance and quality of Open Pollinated chili varieties seeds from Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute which has an excellent opportunity to be licensed by private seed producers in Indonesia. Seeds of seven OP chili varieties produced in 2021 were observed for seed performance and quality. Data were analyzed descriptively. The analysis showed that each variety’s seed performance was different, while the seed quality achieved not much different. Physical purity, moisture content and seed germination ranged from 100%, 3.8-7.0% and 76-98%, respectively. Ciko variety has the largest seed size and 1000-seed weight compared to other varieties. While Lembang 1 variety has the smallest seed size and 1000-seed weight.
Investigating the response of green and red spinach microgreen yield and chlorophyll content in varied light-emitting diode and plant nutrient
Authors: Simatupang H K , Zahra A M , Sutiarso L , Sinaga A N K , Pahlawan M F R , Annisa H N , Nugroho E , Pitaloka N D , Rahmawati L
Published: April 2023

Light-Emitting Diode (LED) improves photosynthesis, vegetative development, seed germination, and chlorophyll content in a controlled-environment plant cultivation system. This study used LEDs as artificial grow illumination with 4 four distinct ratios, 100% blue, 100% red, 100% white, 67%:20%:13% red:blue:white, for 12 hours. Microgreens were watered twice daily with 250 ppm of plant nutrients, using a commercial AB mix and liquid organic fertilizer. Different LED ratios have varied lux and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), i.e. 100 lux and 44.26 mol·m−2·s−1 PPFD for 100% blue; 600 lux and 20.32 mol·m−2·s−1 PPFD for 100% red; 1000 lux and 95.92 mol·m−2·s−1 PPFD for 100% white; 350 lux, and 37.33 mol·m−2·s−1 for 67%:20%:13% red:blue:white; with maintained 25-27°C of temperature and 70-80% of relative humidity. The 100% white LED lamp with AB Mix as plant nutrient resulted in the best growth of red and green spinach microgreens, with height, leaf area, fresh weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content of 2.98 cm, 1.32 cm2, 0.14 gr, 19.05 mg/ L, 11.38 mg/L, 19.76 mg/L for green spinach and 3.01 cm, 0.91 cm2, 0.08 g, 19.12 mg/L, 9.93 mg/L, 18.50 mg/L for red spinach.
Feasibility Study of Zero Burning Peatland Agriculture in Mempawah District, West Kalimantan
Authors: Raharjo J T , Fauzi R , Hadiyan Y , Andriyani E P , Mulyono B T
Published: April 2023

One of the crucial peatland degradation drivers in West Kalimantan is the practice of small-scale burning of agricultural land preparation, a risky low-cost and fast solution for local farmers. The Indonesian Peat and Mangrove Restoration Agency has implemented a livelihood revitalization program for community through an environment friendly farming, as one of 3R (rewetting, revegetation, and revitalization) approaches in peatland restoration strategy. Revitalization is intended to increase community income and to reduce environmental problem in peatland. This paper aims to present the financial analysis of zero burning horticultural cultivation practices with a quantitative descriptive approach. The result showed that the benefit cost ratio value is 1.50 which indicates that every USD 1 of costs incurred for horticulture cultivation without burning will get a profit of USD 1,5. Payback period is obtained a value of 1.30 years or 1 year 4 months which indicates that the capital spent on cultivation has returned in a very short period. This study concluded that horticultural cultivation on peatland without burning is feasible. Therefore, providing incentives for land preparation and agricultural facilities at the beginning step were needed.
Ameliorant of rice husk charcoal supports rice cultivation in dry land
Authors: Anshori A , Suswatiningsih T E , Al Viandari N , Mujiyo M , Purwaningsih H , Budiarti S W , Pustika A B , Cahyaningrum H
Published: April 2023

Dry land with low fertility causes low productivity. Ameliorant of rice husk charcoal (RHC) has potential to improve soil properties and increasing rice productivity. This study investigates the RHC effect on soil properties, rice growth and yield in the dry land. The experimental research was held in Gunungkidul, with randomized complete block design consists of 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment was dose of RHC, consisting of without RHC (Control), RHC at dose of 1 ton ha−1 (RHC1), 2 ton ha−1 (RHC2), 3 ton ha−1 (RHC3), 4 ton ha−1 (RHC4), and 5 ton ha−1 (RHC5). The results showed that giving RHC increased soil pH to 6.43 and decreased soil Eh to 54 mV. RHC at a dose of 3 ton ha−1 (RHC3) was chosen as alternative, producing dry grain by 4.94 ton ha−1, dry straw by 6.31 ton ha−1, carbon absorption in grain by 2.65 ton ha−1 and straw by 2.92 ton ha−1, and reduces the percentage of empty grain up to 5.38%. Ameliorant of RHC improves soil properties, better growth, increasing rice productivity, better grain quality, and maintains environmental quality through carbon absorption.
Effect of modified murashige and skoog medium on chrysanthemum tissue culture
Authors: Firgiyanto R , Rohman H F , Azizah M , Triwidiarto C , Riskiawan H Y
Published: April 2023

Propagation of chrysanthemum through tissue culture can produce superior plants in large and uniform quantities and sterile cultures (motherstock) can be obtained so that they can be used as material for further propagation. This research was carried out at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Jember State Polytechnic from April to November 2022. The research design used was a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the variety which consists of 3 cultivar (Maruta Agrihort, Pinka Pinki and Suciono). The second factor was in vitro culture media consisting of 5 levels (control, MS+BA media 2.0 mg/L and IAA 1.0 mg/L, MS+BA 1.0 mg/L and IAA 1.0 mg/L media, MS+ banana extract media, MS+ coconut water media). So there were 15 treatment combinations with 3 replications for a total of 45 experimental units. Parameters observed included plant height, the day the shoots appear, the day the roots appear, number of leaves and number of roots. The conclusion this research is addition of organic matter to MS media was able to increase the growth of explants compared to MS media with the addition of synthetic PGR and the combination of MS media + coconut water had an average optimal growth yield on all parameters.
The effect of differences in the use of cocopeat on the yield of melon (Cucumis melo L.) Honey globe with a drip irrigation system
Authors: Kusparwanti T R , Eliyatiningsih E , Pertami R R D , Wibowo A T
Published: April 2023

Melon (Cucumis melo. L) one of horticultural commodity where highly demand and has a relatively high price for both the domestic and export markets and its production in 2013 (125,207 tons), 2014 (150,365 tons) and 2015 (137,887 tons) and only meet the national needs of around 40% (Central Bureau of Statistics, 2017). Cocopeat has the advantage of being able to bind and store water strongly and contains elements such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (N), and phosphorus (P). Drip irrigation maintains soil moisture at optimal levels for plant growth. The purpose of this study was to determine growth and production and was carried out in April - July 2020 at SGH Polije. Analysis using t-test, the test results showed that plant height was not significantly different (ns) at 28 DAP, but at 42 DAP it was very significantly different. The number of leaves for the whole was not significantly different, while the diameter of the fruit was very significantly different. Fruit weight and Brix content were not significantly different. This study shows that the planting media used can affect production results but not all of them are different.
Response of Oil Palm Plant Seed Growth to the Application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Trichoderma sp.
Authors: Wardati Irma , Irawan Triono Bambang , Erawati Dyah Nuning , Rahmawati  , Arifiana Nisa Budi
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of PGPR application, the effect of Trichoderma sp. application, and the effect of the interaction between the application of PGPR and Trichoderma sp. on the growth of oil palm seedling. The research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory and the Field Laboratory of the Departement of Agricultural Production, Jember State Polytechnic. While the research time is Mey 2022 to October 2022. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD), with 1 (one) treatment factor, that are: (1) without PGPR and Trichoderma sp. application; (2) PGPR application (density 106 CFU); (3) Trichoderma sp. application (density 109 spores/ml); and application of PGPR (density 106 CFU) + Trichoderma sp. (density 109 spores/ml). Each treatment combination was repeated 6 times. Data analysis with F test 5%. The parameters of growth of oil palm seedlings observed were number of leaves, stem diameter, seedling height, and the root volume. The result of the research that the application of PGPR and Trichoderma sp. does not have a significant effect on growth of oil palm seedling, but tends to be better than the control.
Relationship of Macrofauna and Soil Organic Carbon in Various Types of Agroforestry, Sumberejo Village, Batuwarno District, Wonogiri Regency
Authors: Prinandhika G M , Supriyadi  , Purwanto  , Dewi W S
Published: April 2023

Macrofauna affects carbon and nutrient cycling, modifies soil structure and water-holding capacity, and contributes to the provision of various ecosystem services [6]. Agroforestry systems with diverse tree cover support macrofauna diversity that supports sustainable soil ecosystems [3]. Research conducted by [5] that agricultural practices associated with agroforestry systems in Honduras resulted in relatively abundant and diverse soil macrofauna communities. This study examines the diversity of macrofauna in the agroforestry system because in the agroforestry system various types of stands will produce plant litter. This research was conducted in Sumberejo Village, Baturetno District, Wonogiri Regency. This research was conducted on teak agroforestry, mahogany agroforestry, mixed agroforestry, and seasonal crops that did not apply the agroforestry system. Diversity of macrofauna using pitfall trap and monolith method. This study examines soil organic carbon because it is used as energy by soil macrofauna. This study aims to determine the relationship between soil macrofauna and soil organic carbon. The relationship between soil macrofauna and soil organic carbon is negatively correlated, mahogany agroforestry land organic carbon is included in the high category but the total macrofauna individuals found are few, but the macrofauna diversity index of mahogany agroforestry land is high.
The effectivity of bordeaux and california slurries to control wet diplodia disease on citrus siem variety
Authors: Wahyuni WS , Nurcahyanti SD , Nurhayati N
Published: April 2023

Wet diplodia disease on the citrus plants is caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae Path. Symptoms of this disease generally is stem necrosis, produced a yellowish slimy gum. canker, and death of citrus plants. This research was to evaluate the effectivity of bordeaux and california slurries to control wet diplodia disease on citrus siem variety. The research was conducted at citrus farmer’s fields at Krai Village, Yosowilangun, Lumajang from July to December 2021. There were around 40% plants infected from 100 plant were sampled, each 20% samples was treatment with either Bordeaux (Bordo-Indonean) or California slurries. A total of 12 out of 20 sick plants were recover after abou 5-6 months cured with Bordo slurry (60%) and 8 plants out of 20 infected trees became healthy after cured with California slurry (40%). The results showed that Bordo slurry was more effective than California slurry. Therefore, the used of Bordo (Cu) slury then was informed and recommended to the farmers for controlling this disease.
Effects of ca-soap protected vegetables oil in dairy ration on rumen fermentability and in vitro digestibility
Authors: Riestanti L U , Despal  , Oktavianti B P , Toharmat T , Retnani Y
Published: April 2023

Supplementing dairy ration with Ca-soap vegetable oils rich in unsaturated fatty acid components increases the fatty acid profile and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) levels in dairy milk, but it might reduce fermentability and digestibility. This study aimed to identify the effect of vegetable oil supplementation protected by Ca-soap on rumen fermentability and digestibility. Parameters observed included pH score, protozoa population, total VFA (volatile fatty acid), ammonia concentration, dry and organic matter digestibility (DMD and OMD), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) digestibility. The results showed that increasing Ca-soap-protected vegetable oil levels in dairy ration significantly decreased (P<0.05) pH score, protozoa population, NH3 concentration, and digestibility. Oil type also significantly influenced all parameters except for microbial fermentation. The interaction effect of oil types and their levels were found in pH score, protozoa population, NH3 concentration, DMD, and fiber digestibility in ADF. Vegetable oils that influenced optimally were corn oil and canola oil. It is concluded that Ca-soap-protected vegetable oil supplementation in dairy ration should be less than 4%. It is suggested to study at the lower level. The type of oil used should consider its linoleic acid content and availability.
Dietary fermented Azolla sp. accelerates sexual maturity of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Siswantoro D , Hertamawati R T , Rahmasari R
Published: April 2023

This study examined the effects of dietary fermented Azolla sp. with probiotic yeast and Lactobacillus sp. (FA) on the reproduction performance of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at sexual maturity. This research was using 160 quails aged 15 days distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and five replications. The diets were: P0 (0% FA), P1 (2.5% FA), P2 (5% FA) and P3 (7.5% FA). The data collected were the sexual maturity age of laying eggs (days), body weight at sexual maturity, the first egg weight, feed intake, and feed conversion. The results showed that early egg laying age, first egg weight, and body weight at sexual maturity was significantly affected (P<0.05) by the addition of dietary probiotic fermented Azolla with different concentrations. The consumption and feed conversion between treatments were not significantly different (P>0.05). Overall, the results indicate that the use of dietary fermented Azolla reaches 7.5% could accelerate the age of sexual maturity, and increase body weight at sexual maturity and first egg weight, without affecting feed consumption and conversion of quail feed.
The physical characteristics of quail egg fed lower grade tobacco as a feed additive in the tropical environment
Authors: Nurkholis  , Rahmasari R , Andriani M , Prasetyo B , Nurfitriani R A , Syahniar T M
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical characteristics of quail eggs which fed with and without lower grade tobacco as a potential additive. This study used laying quail as experimental animals that offered rations with or without lower grade tobacco flour. The tobacco addition as an additive treatment was 0%; 0.5%; 1% and 2%. Each level treatment was repeated 4 times and designed using a Completely Randomized Design pattern. Quail reared in colony cages were fed rations with and without tobacco addition according to standard requirements and drinking water on ad-libitum basis. The parameter observed were the physical quality of quail eggs which consisted of egg weight, egg shape index, yolk colour, shell weight and thickness. The results of this study presented strongly significant on yolk colour and shell thickness. Otherwise, the tobacco additives did not have any impact on egg weight, egg shape index, shell weight, and haugh unit which were an average of 9.98 g, 80.10, 0.91 g, and 61.33, respectively. This result indicated that the tobacco addition of up to 2% in quail ration was safe and had no detrimental effect on the physical characteristics of quail eggs and it showed a significantly increase on yolk colour along with the increase levels of tobacco addition.
Characteristics of kefir based on goat’s milk with different starter combinations
Authors: Rukmi D L , Fitri Z E , Sahenda L N
Published: April 2023

This study aims to find out the kefir’s characteristics made from goat’s milk with a combination of bacteria and yeast. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment applied was a combination of the addition of starter Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with different concentrations. Variance analysis was used in this processing data, if there was a noticeable influence at the level of 5% it will be further tested using the duncan multiple range test (DMRT). The results of this study inform that the total lactic acid bacteria was 7.3617 to 7.5185 log CFU/ml; the total yeast 5.5563 to 7.1189 log CFU/ml; the total titrated acid 0.882 to 0.994%; pH value 4.936 to 5.052; lactose content 2.67 to 1.48%; total reducing sugars 2.424 to 4.414%; alcohol content 0.26 to 0.29%. The conclusion is that the lower combination of starter bacteria L. acidophilus and yeast S. cerevisiae had a real effect (P<0.05) on the decrease in lactose content, total reducing sugar, pH value, and total titrated acid but had no effect (P> 0.05) on the total number of lactic acid bacteria, total yeast, and alcohol content.
Podam cookies source of fiber and high protein based on porang glucomannan flour (amorphophallus oncophyllus) and edamame flour (glycine max (l) merrill)
Authors: Widiyawati A , Kartika R C , Ayu D P
Published: April 2023

One of the high nutritional problems in Indonesia is obesity. Obesity, if not prevented early, can reduce a person’s quality of life due to several very deadly degenerative diseases. Podam Cookies made from Porang and Edamame flour as an alternative for diet, also suitable for diabetics and obesity. Glucomannan can be obtained from porang tubers which has high fiber content, and combined with edamame. Edamame flour has high protein, dietary fiber content and low carbohydrates. This study aims to develop a dietary formula for a source of fiber and protein using porang flour and edamame as ingredients for podam cake. Methods this study uses experimental laboratory. The results showed that edamame flour and glucomannan had a significant effect on fiber and protein content. Podam cookies affect the hedonic quality organoleptic properties of color, aroma and sweetness cookies. But it doesn’t affect the texture and hedonic cookies. The organoleptic properties of cookies and protein content comply with SNI 2973:2011 standards, Podam cookies contain energy of 71,05 kcal and can be consumed by obese people as a snack as much as 10 pieces (100 grams) once and consumed 2 times a day as much as 20 pieces (200 grams).
Production of Environmentally Bioplastics As Packaging Materials For Teaching Factory Products at State Polytechnic of Jember
Authors: Wibisono Y , Santoso A , Bachri S
Published: April 2023

Plastic waste ranks second in the environmental pollution in 35 major cities in Indonesia. Currently, one of the policies that are the main focus of research is green technology (go green) and green economy, with an emphasis on low carbon accompanied by indicators of pollution reduction as the performance target of activities. Following up on this policy, research was conducted to replace plastics with bioplastics using the main raw material of rice straw which had been dignified with 30% ethanol for 2 hours at 75°C which was then added with glycerol, CMC, and chitosan with certain formulations as well as a fermentation process using L. plantarum. The determination of product characterization is using SEM, XRD Spectra, tensile test, and biodegradation. The research results will be used as packaging material for Polije’ s teaching factory products. Preliminary research results indicate that the greater the concentration of chitosan used, the smaller the swelling percentage and can inhibit bioplastic damage, but the resulting product becomes stiff. Products made with formulations determined based on observations using SEM can produce a fairly even morphology of bioplastics with a starch:cellulose ratio of 1:1.5 resulting in a tensile test of 3.47 Mpa and a strain of 4.8%. The product has been tested to be degraded by 95% within 11 days. Products made with formulations determined based on observations using SEM can produce a fairly even morphology of bioplastics with a starch:cellulose ratio of 1:1.5 resulting in a tensile test of 3.47 Mpa and a strain of 4.8%. The product has been tested to be degraded by 95% within 11 days. Products made with formulations determined based on observations using SEM can produce a fairly even morphology of bioplastics with a starch:cellulose ratio of 1:1.5 resulting in a tensile test of 3.47 Mpa and a strain of 4.8%. The product has been tested to be degraded by 95% within 11 days.
The effect of different types of starter on VCO (virgin coconut oil) yield and quality
Authors: Raudya H A , Putra S , Rusli  , Heryana N
Published: April 2023

Coconut flesh can be processed into Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). Making VCO is done by fermentation using yeast as a starter for breaking the coconut milk/cream emulsion. This study aims to determine the right type of starter to produce VCO with the best yield and quality. The research was conducted from October to November 2021 at the Balittri Integrated Laboratory, Parungkuda District, Sukabumi Regency. The study used a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments, repeated 4 times. The types of treatment were tempeh yeast, baker’s yeast, tape yeast, and without yeast. The results showed that each type of starter had a different effect on the yield and organoleptic characteristics of the resulting VCO. Tempeh yeast produced the highest product (33.2%) and the most minuscule yield used tape yeast (24.4%). The results of the organoleptic test showed that the best VCO was produced using tape yeast.
Quality assessment of high calcium Catfish (Clarias sp.) bone flour made by boiling and drying methods
Authors: Ratri P R , Jannah M , Sabran
Published: April 2023

Catfish (Clarias sp.) is a type of fish that is widely cultivated and consumed by community, especially in Indonesia. However, catfish bone has not been used optimally even though its nutritional content is quite high. The production of catfish bone flour can be an alternative source of functional food. This study aims to utilize catfish bone waste as high calcium flour and analyze its nutritional contents. This study consists of two steps, namely flour production and nutritional analysis. Catfish were prepared by eviscerating the internal organ and washing until clean. Then it were dipped into boiling water for 30 minutes at 100°C and separated bone from other parts. The boiled catfish bones were dried at 150°C for 1 hour using oven and ground into flour using blender. The raw flour was then sifted by sieve 60-80 mesh. Proximate analysis results showed that catfish bone flour contained 8.2985% fat, 2.1883% protein, 0.0096% zinc, 0.0028% iron, 10.73% water, 49.9346% ash, and 8.4059% calcium. Calcium content in catfish flour is 8405,9 mg/100g (>380 mg/100 g), therefore it is permitted to “high calcium” claim. Due to its nutritional content, catfish bone flour can be used as a raw material of functional food.
Customer preference in food vendor during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of university student
Authors: Widyaningrum D , Muhammad A A
Published: April 2023

The canteen is the public place that sells and serves foods and drinks to the consumer. The study aimed to determine the attributes considered important for the consumer to select the food vendor during the COVID-19 pandemic at the BINUS University, Alam Sutera Campus canteen. The study was conducted by using conjoint analysis in which respondents were Bina Nusantara University students (n = 100) who had visited and consumed food in the canteen of BINUS University, Alam Sutera Campus. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic changed the crucial attributes for the consumer to select the food vendor. Nowadays, the attributes with the highest to the lowest importance values are personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, price, and food freshness. Therefore, the respondent will consider buying food from food vendors that promote their staff’s hygiene, such as wearing masks, gloves, head covering, and washing hands. Besides, the respondents preferred the food vendor with a clean display window, within the price of 20.000 – 25.000 IDR, and freshly-cooked food.
Identification Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Fermented Bekamal Using B14A Isolate
Authors: Prastujati AU , Amaniyah M , Priyadi DA , Arief II , Fernadi G
Published: April 2023

The content of protein and nutrients in beef makes microorganisms able to live and breed well, it is easy for pathogenic microorganisms to grow and make beef quickly damaged, so processing technology is needed to extend the shelf life such as fermentation techniques. Bekamal is a fermented beef product from the Banyuwangi district. Bacteria in the bekamal fermentation process are lactic acid bacteria. B14A isolate is assumed as lactic acid bacteria that isolated from bekamal which will be used as a starter for meat fermentation in this study. The purpose of this study is to determine the content of pathogenic microorganisms in fermented bekamal meat using B14A isolate. The samples used in this study were fresh beef and bekamal which was fermented by B14A isolate in 0, 7, 14, and 21 days and the commercial one for 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. Parameters analyzed include the content of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella sp. The method in this study was tested using Qualitative Descriptive Analysis with 8 samples and each consisting of 3 replications. The results showed that all samples of fresh beef were contaminated with three types of pathogens and all samples of bekamal were negative for all three types of pathogens.
Knowledge of Subang salted fish sellers and prevention strategies for formalin abuse in salted fish
Authors: Indriati Ashri , Mayasti Nur Kartika Indah , Susanti Novita Dwi , Putri Devry Pramesti , Yulianti Lista Eka , Anggara Cahya Edi Wahyu , Rahmawati Laila , Nora Liza
Published: April 2023

Fish is a perishable commodity. Producers can process fish into salted fish to make it more durable, but producers still add harmful food additives to increase the product’s shelf life. The government prohibits the use of formalin as a food additive. This study aimed to identify salted fish traders’ knowledge of formalin abuse and obtain a strategy to minimize formalin abuse in salted fish. The research method was carried out by giving questionnaires, interviews and using the Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing (SAST) method. The results showed that the seller’s knowledge was still low regarding the salted fish products sold, food additives, food product preservation, the lack of socialization about food safety, and the characteristics of formalin products. The chosen strategy is based on the level of importance and the level of certainty to minimize the misuse of formalin, namely socialization to sellers and buyers regarding formalin, the dangers and how to use it and the manufacture of portable detection kits/tools that are easy to use and accurate results.
Local food management for poor families’ food security based on the structure of the affected communities in rural areas
Authors: Muksin  , Perwiraningrum D A , Amareta D I , Firdaus M I , Purwoko D
Published: April 2023

Food diversity is a resource that can be utilized to improve people’s food security. Jember Regency has a variety of local food that have not been adequately utilized. The purpose of the study analysis how rural local food management can be utilized to meet the food needs of poor families. The study also determined that the mainly affected community groups in rural areas if local food development programs were implemented. The research activities combines quantitative and qualitative approaches. At the beginning he study, it determined the diversity and potential of local food, people’s perceptions of local food management. Furthermore, through a focus group discussion, it was studied how to manage local food. Advanced analysis of Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) to assess affected groups in local food development programs. The results study show that local food management for poor families is carried out through increased understanding of the types, characteristics, and nutritional content. The effort should be made to educate local food preferences other than rice, and involve community institutions. In addition, the affected community groups that can facilitate the development of local food programs are mothers and children, heads of households, and social institutions.
Evaluation of irrigation network performance at the anjir serapat lowland irrigation area central kalimantan
Authors: Revina S , Istiarto  , Pratiwi E P A
Published: April 2023

The Anjir Serapat lowland Irrigation Area in Central Kalimantan is an agricultural area that supports the Food Estate program. Irrigation water comes from rainwater. The existing irrigation network cannot remove excess water during the rainy season, causing inundation in low-lying areas. Stagnant water causes the pH of the water to drop so that it becomes acidic. Acid inhibits the absorption of nutrients, interfering with rice plants’ growth. This study aims to evaluate the performance of irrigation networks in removing excess rainwater. Performance evaluation was carried out with the help of flow simulation using HEC-RAS. The simulation was carried out with three scenarios, namely scenarios with existing geometric conditions, channel normalization scenarios, and normalization scenarios, along with the addition of sluice gates. The normalization scenario and the addition of the sluice gate were more effective in reducing the area of flooded land by more than 20 cm to 158.71 hectares, with a reduction of 48.27% from the existing scenario. For land with lower contours, where not all inundation can be discharged into the channel, it is necessary to add a pump. Further studies are needed to see the effect of adding pumps on the reduction of inundation in the field.
Control system for temperature, humidity, and ammonia levels in laying hens farms based on internet of things
Authors: Perdanasari L , Etikasari B , Rukmi D L
Published: April 2023

Best coops in laying hens farm affects health of chickens based on conditions of temperature, humidity and ammonia levels in specific standard. Temperatures and humidity that are low or high causes chickens stressed like biological and hormonal changes that affect chicken behavior, disruption function of the respiratory and cardiac organs due to high ammonia, so egg productivity decreases and detrimental to farmers. The purpose research developed system for controlling temperature, humidity, and ammonia levels by real time to reduce the risk of decreasing chicken health. Internet of things-based control system was developed using a Raspberry Pi 4, DHT22 sensor to get temperature and humidity and MQ137 sensor to get ammonia gas levels. This sensor measurement data is real time which provides outputs form of heating, cooling, and spraying probiotics that reduce ammonia levels automatically so make farmers easy to handling of coops conditions. The test results for 16 days showed that temperature sensor was able to measure in the range of 26,9–38,7°C, humidity sensor was able to measure in the range of 32,7–72,5% and ammonia sensor was able to measure in the range of 0,08-3,82 ppm consistently every hour without any drastic changes in measurement results and suddenly.
Agro-industrial revitalization policy of cane sugar in jember regency
Authors: Hidayat T , Kurniawati D , Widyatami L E , Galushasti A
Published: April 2023

Sugar is one of the essential basic needs. Sugar self-sufficiency that is expected to be achieved is faced with various challenges in terms of on-farm, off-farm, management, and involving players in the review industry. The development level of strength and readiness for sugar self-sufficiency and competition in the current industry, As well as efforts to overcome these problems, can be carried out in research in the form of agro-industrial revitalization policies for cane sugar in the Jember Regency area. Limitation of this scope, a system approach is needed to build a model that can represent the sugar industry system in East Java, specifically in the Jember Regency area with existing dynamics, to increase the sugar production and income of sugarcane farmers in the Jember Regency. The population in this study is a sugar factory that is still operating. The sample size is determined by the existing conditions: two sugar factories in the Jember Regency area, namely SF Semboro and SF. Jatiroto. The built model is hoped to be simulated to produce appropriate policy recommendations.
The existence of bamboo plants and bamboo shoots business in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fauziyah E , Widyaningsih T S , Hani A , Kuswantoro D P
Published: April 2023

The existence of bamboo planting in Central Java is related to the development of the shoots business. This study examines the existence of bamboo planting and shoots production and its driving factors. The research was conducted in the chosen villages of two district, Wonosobo and Demak for collecting information about shoots production, and in Semarang City which used shoots for culinary. Data were collected in 2017 (updated in 2021) through field observation, literature study, and discussions with village officials, farmer groups, shoots business actors, and loenpia business actors as many as 23 persons. The data were analyzed and presented descriptively. The results showed that most of the farmers in Timbang and Banyumeneng Villages planted bamboo as a heritage plant. They planted ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), green varieties in Timbang, and yellow varieties in Banyumeneng. Previously bamboo is cultivated for conservation and then for shoots production. The existence of bamboo businesses in Timbang and Banyumeneng Villages are influenced by the market demand for shoots, the development of processed food, the increase of loenpia Semarang culinary actors, the existence of bamboo markets, and the involvement of nonmarket institutions such as government institution, educational institution, woman, and youth organizations.
Modelling coffee yield in Dak Lak province using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Yen Bien Phan Hong , Khoi Dao Nguyen
Published: April 2023

Application of machine learning algorithms in simulating crop yield has attracted more attention from plenty of scientists in recent years. The objective of this study is to estimate the coffee yields in Dak Lak province by using three machine learning algorithms, namely, artificial neural network (ANN), support vector regression (SVR), and random forest (RF), respectively. Input data in simulating processes includes maximum and minimum temperature, effective rainfall, reference evapotranspiration, and crop water requirement in the period 2000-2020. In which, the percentage of data in the training and testing phases is 70% and 30%, respectively. The results indicated that three machine learning models (i.e., SVR, ANN, and RF) have reasonable performance in simulating the coffee yield, out of which, the RF model performs best with NSE values of approximately 0.918 for the training phase and 0.818 for the testing phase.
Analysis of changes of impervious surface area in Ho Chi Minh City and Ba Ria - Vung Tau province
Authors: Truong T K N , Pham T M T , Dang N B P , Lam N D , Pham K Q , Nguyen Au Hai
Published: April 2023

Rapid urban growth causes the increase of impervious surface which was converted from vegetation land. This affects the rate of water penetration into soils, the rise of surface runoff, and the lowering of groundwater levels. The expansion of the impervious surface gives rise to a series of changes in the physical environment, affecting the quality of life of people due to a change in the thermal energy balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyse of changes of impervious surface area Ho Chi Minh City and Ba Ria - Vung Tau province which is the marine national economic hub in the period of 2009-2020 by using Landsat satellite image data. The main methods used are NDWI, PISI indices and ISODATA algorithm. The results show that the area of impervious surface area of Ho Chi Minh City is very high with 18.5% in 2009 and 35% increasing rate from 2009-2020. There are 75% districts in Ho Chi Minh city having over 50% impervious surface area. Ba Ria-Vung Tau has lower impervious surface area with 5.8% in 2009 but having the incredible increasing rate– over 100%.
Analyzing the Urban Heat Island in Ho Chi Minh City in Relation to Urban Planning Processes from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Nguyen T P C
Published: April 2023

This study aims to analyze the variation of land surface temperature (LST) and its effect on the urban heat island (UHI) in relation to the urban planning processes of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) from the years 2010 to 2020. These changes have impacted the urban environmental conditions and the city development. The study used the time series of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI acquired for the years 2010, 2015, and 2020, and used the algorithms for calculating the land surface temperature (LST), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) to investigate the relationships between these phenomena in the city planning processes. The results highlight the increase in land surface temperature was related to the dense of impervious surface area and the decrease of vegetation area. The UHI zones occurred in the areas with high LST and NDBI values, and low NDVI values (concentrated in the central districts and the planned areas) compared to the surrounding areas with lower LST and NDBI and higher NDVI. The recommend planning solutions for the new urban development areas should focus on increasing the amount green areas to combat the UHI phenomenon and environmental problems against the development.
Application of Multi-Temporal Landsat Images to Analyze the Relationship Between the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Ha T C , Nguyen T P C
Published: April 2023

Urban sprawl has changed the land use land cover (LULC) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). It has caused the gradual decline of the natural vegetation and rapid increase of the impervious surface, which leads to the heat storage capacity of the urban surface being on the rise. There is a land surface temperature (LST) difference between the urban center and surrounding areas and it creates the urban heat island phenomenon (UHI). This study used Landsat 4, 5, and Landsat 8 satellite image data from 1990 to 2020 with the GIS algorithms on ENVI and ArcGIS to analyze and estimate the correlation between the LULC and the LST in HCMC. The Kappa coefficients of the LULC classifications were all over 0.8 in 1990 – 2020 period. The total area of impervious surface has increased by 57,338 hectares over the past 30 years; while the total area of natural green has decreased by 19,116 hectares. The LST has remarkably increased in the areas of construction lands, industrial zones, and impervious surfaces, with an average increase from 22°C to 27°C. While the LST in the others such as the vegetation surface and water surface were slower, from 20°C to 23°C. The solution of enhancing the urban green space was suggested to mitigate the increasing LST impact on HCMC.
Building map of biodiversity status in Tien Giang Province, Viet Nam
Authors: Nguyen-Thuy-Lan Chi , Dang-Thi-Cam Tu , Pham-Anh Duc , Nguyen-Truong Ngan
Published: April 2023

One of the five key tasks of the National Strategy on Biodiversity to 2030 is “Investigating, inventorying, evaluating and building a national database on biodiversity”. Maps and geographic information systems are two indispensable tools for this task. The objective of this study was to build the map of biodiversity status, focusing on the level of species diversity for Tien Giang province. The input data derived from the results of the available biodiversity statistics combined with additional investigation from the research project of ĐTNN 07/2020. The map layers were compiled from data sources, including (i) secondary data: map of topography, map of land-use status, map of land types, map of sea level rise and flood risk, map of saline intrusion boundary, biodiversity data; and (ii) primary data: survey data on biodiversity and threats. All maps created in this study met the technical process of setting up environment maps in Vietnam (Circular No. 17/2011/TT-BTNMT). This paper has completed 05 thematic maps with a scale of 1:100,000 including: Map of environment for biodiversity conservation; Ecosystem map; Map of species richness, Map of biodiversity conservation status, and Map of threats to biodiversity. This study will help local managers and scientists in managing and looking up detailed information on biodiversity conservation in Tien Giang province more accurately and effectively.
Coral Reefs Detecting with Artificial Neural Network Classification and PlanetScope Imagery in Cu Lao Xanh Island, Binh Dinh province
Authors: Dung Tran Thi Thanh , Anh Le Hoang , Nga Duong Thi Thuy
Published: April 2023

Coral reefs are a vital component of coastal and marine ecosystems. They are now under strong environmental challenges and are being harmed by human activities and rising sea surface temperatures, which are reducing the living coral cover. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the mapping accuracy of coral covers using PlanetScope satellite pictures with the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method surrounding Cu Lao Xanh Island in Binh Dinh province. To adjust for the sunglint effect, the bands were corrected using the Hedley technique. After that, the Depth-Invariant Index technique was utilized to reduce the influence of the water column, and the ANN algorithm was employed for mapping. Hard coral, soft coral, seagrass, deep water, and bare bottom were identified as the five kinds of benthic habitat. The accuracy of the classification results was assessed using field data collected on May 10 and 11, 2022. The results indicated that the artificial neural network (ANN) technique had a higher accuracy, with a total classification accuracy of 89.55% and a kappa value of 0.87. Cu Lao Xanh’s coral area is around 68 hectares, with soft corals mostly found west and southwest of the island and hard corals in the east. This finding demonstrates that Planetscope satellite imagery is effective at monitoring shallow coral reefs on small islands, providing a scientific foundation and reliable data for the development of a more comprehensive coral reef ecological monitoring and management.
Dividing a wetland landscape into hydrogeomorphic units by using a hydrogeomorphic delineation approach: a case study in Tram Chim National Park, Vietnam
Authors: Hue Duong Thi Bich , Cong-Thanh Tran , Tri Nguyen Dang , Thuan Nguyen Le My , Ngan Nguyen Truong
Published: April 2023

Wetlands account for about 41% of the total global ecosystem services value; therefore, they preserve a role as the most precious ecosystems on Earth. However, 35% of global wetland areas have been lost since 1970 as many wetlands have been exploited unsustainably. In this context, a hydrogeomorphic delineation approach has been developed to divide a wetland landscape into units which have homogeneous hydrological regime, geomorphology, and soil, named as hydrogeomorphic units (HGMUs). These units are fundamental units of a wetland for functional and resilience assessment of a wetland in different uses; then, to determine optimal management strategies for maintaining its complete ecosystem functions. This study used Tram Chim National Park for applying the hydrogeomorphic delineation approach for breaking a landscape of the park down into HGMUs. The findings showed that the park may be divided as three classes, including depression, riverine, and flat. Each class continued to be subdivided as subclasses. The results showed that there were six subclasses, i.e. six HGMUs, which identified in the park. Based on the results, the study described characteristics of HGMUs and created maps of HGMUs distribution of the park. These results will be a basis for next steps of applying functional assessment procedures for analyzing potential of the HGMUs to perform ecosystem functions in our upcoming study for preservation and management purposes in Tram Chim National Park.
Estimation of nutrient concentrations in the Tri An reservoir, Dong Nai province using LANDSAT 8 OLI
Authors: Tra Tran Quang , Than Nguyen Hien
Published: April 2023

Recently, using remote sensing to monitor water quality has become popular because of its outstanding advantages. Tri An reservoir, since its construction, has always played an important role in the southern provinces; however, the lake is now highly eutrophicated in which the green algae community, which causes this phenomenon, is strongly influenced by the nutrients in the lake. The aim of this research is to estimate the nutrient pollutants concentration (i.e., NO2
−, NO3
−, NH4
+) for the Tri An reservoir on November 14th 2020 using Landsat 8 OLI images. The study performed correlation analysis between measured nutrient pollutants concentration and spectral reflectance values derived from Landsat 8 image bands. The result showed that they are strongly correlated with each other (Pearson coefficients are larger 0.95 between band 4 and NO2
−, NO3
−, NH4
+ measured concentrations). On that basis, the regression equations estimating the nutrient pollutants concentration in the lake were set up and the optimal equation was chosen (the equations estimated NO2
−, NO3
−, and NH4
+ concentrations had adjusted R2 values 0.94, 0.93, 0.94, respectively), consequently, the nutrient distribution maps in Tri An reservoir were established to identify the high pollution areas. This study has clearly revealed the effectiveness of using satellite images for monitoring water quality.