bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legislative Acts on Electronic Document Management in China
Authors: Ga Zhang , Seksenbayeva Gulzira
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to review the current state of legal acts on electronic document management in China. The authors analyzed its development from the point of view of state institutions, enterprises, and universities. The article is a review of the literature from open access. For many scientists, this is very valuable first-hand material that allows you to learn and understand the current state of development of legislative acts. There is little literature on electronic document management in China in current databases, especially on the state of development of electronic document management at enterprises, government institutions, and universities. The conclusion is formulated about the whole legal system of electronic document management in China, which successfully operates in the country. Nevertheless, the issue of more effective development of electronic document management in China under state regulation needs further study. In the end, constructive proposals for the further development of electronic document management in China are recommended.
Effect of Resistance Training Programs With Equated Power on Older Adults' Functionality and Strength: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fraga-Germade Enrique , Carballeira Eduardo , Iglesias-Soler Eliseo
Published: December 2023

Fraga-Germade, E, Carballeira, E, and Iglesias-Soler, E. Effect of resistance training programs with equated power on older adults' functionality and strength: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 153–163, 2024—This study aimed to compare the effect of 2 training programs of equated power but differing in load intensity on older adults' functionality, strength, performance, and body composition. Forty-four active (23 female) older adults (66.3 ± 4.5 years) were randomly assigned to low-load high-velocity (LL-HV), high-load low-velocity (HL-LV), and control (CON) groups. Low-load high-velocity and HL-LV performed, twice weekly for 5 weeks, a resistance training program at 95% of their individual peak power (PP) but with different load intensities for 3 exercises: chest press (CHP), leg press (LP), and seated row (SR). Before and after the intervention, body composition, functional performance, maximal voluntary isokinetic force (MVF), PP, and a relative load-power profile (L-PP) were evaluated for every exercise. PP similarly improved in the experimental groups for SR and LP (p < 0.05). Both groups increased their MVF for the 3 exercises (p < 0.05). Positive effects on L-PP were observed in LL-HV for SR (p = 0.009) and HL-LV for LP (p < 0.001). CON decreased its global power performance in SR (p = 0.009) and CHP (p = 0.031) compared with the baseline. Both experimental groups improved Timed Up and Go performance (p < 0.05), but only HL-LV increased 6-minute walking performance (pre: 514.3 ± 89.0 m, post: 552.6 ± 65.4 m; p < 0.05). In conclusion, adding short-term power training (i.e., 10 sessions throughout 5 weeks) with loads slightly above the optimal load to nonsupervised multicomponent training might improve active older adults' functional performance and cardiovascular endurance.
Effects of a Sustained, Isometric Forearm Flexion Task to Failure on Torque and Neuromuscular Responses at 3 Elbow Joint Angles
Authors: Ortega Dolores G. , Housh Terry J. , Smith Robert W. , Arnett Jocelyn E. , Neltner Tyler J. , Anders John Paul V. , Schmidt Richard J. , Johnson Glen O.
Published: December 2023

Ortega, DG, Housh, TJ, Smith, RW, Arnett, JE, Neltner, TJ, Anders, JPV, Schmidt, RJ, and Johnson, GO. The effects of a sustained, isometric forearm flexion task to failure on torque and neuromuscular responses at 3 elbow joint angles. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): e25–e33, 2024—This study examined the effects of a sustained, isometric forearm flexion task anchored to torque to task failure on maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and neuromuscular responses at 3 elbow joint angles. Eleven women (mean ± SD: age = 20.8 ± 2.7 years, height = 169.3 ± 7.4 cm, body mass = 67.7 ± 6.9 kg) performed two 3s forearm flexion MVICs at elbow joint angles (JAs) of 75°, 100°, and 125° before and after a sustained, isometric forearm flexion task to failure at a fatiguing joint angle of 100° anchored to a torque value that corresponded to a rating of perceived exertion of 8 (RPE = 8). The amplitude (AMP) and mean power frequency (MPF) of the electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals were recorded from the biceps brachii. Repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to compare mean differences for MVIC and neuromuscular parameters. Collapsed across JAs, MVIC (p < 0.001) and EMG MPF (p = 0.006) pretest values were greater than posttest values. Collapsed across time, EMG MPF at JA75 was greater than JA100 (p < 0.001) and JA125 (p < 0.001), and JA100 was greater (p = 0.007) than JA125. For EMG AMP, there was a fatigue-induced decrease at JA75 (p = 0.003). For neuromuscular efficiency (NME = normalized torque/normalized EMG AMP), there were decreases from pretest to posttest at JA100 (p = 0.002) and JA125 (p = 0.008). There were no significant interactions or main effects for MMG AMP and MMG MPF. From these findings, it was hypothesized that the decline in MVICs at JA75, JA100, and JA125 was due to fatigue-induced metabolic perturbations that resulted in JA-specific neuromuscular responses. Thus, neuromuscular parameters may provide insight into the JA-specific mechanisms of fatigue.
Utility of Novel Rotational Load-Velocity Profiling Methods in Collegiate Softball Players
Authors: Herring Chad H. , Beyer Kyle S. , Redd Michael J. , Stout Jeffrey R. , Fukuda David H.
Published: December 2023

Herring, CH, Beyer, KS, Redd, MJ, Stout, JR, and Fukuda, DH. Utility of novel rotational load-velocity profiling methods in collegiate softball players. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 136–145, 2024—The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of bat swing (BS) and rotational medicine ball throw (RMBT) load-velocity profiling (LVP) methods and explore relationships with batting performance in NCAA Division I softball players. Bat velocity was tracked with a swing sensor during the BS method, whereas an inertial measurement unit (IMU) tracked forearm velocity during the BS and RMBT methods. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used for relative reliability, and coefficient of variation (CV) was used for absolute reliability. With the exception of theoretical maximum velocity (V
0) using the average of top 2 peak velocities (PVavg) during the RMBT, no LVP variables were found to be reliable during the RMBT or BS method using the IMU (ICC ≤0.7; CV ≥15%). For the BS method with the swing sensor, all bat loads and V
0 had acceptable reliability using peak velocity (PV) and PVavg (ICC >0.7; CV <15%), whereas all LVP variables were highly related between the multiple-load and two-load models when using PV and PVavg (r = 0.915–0.988; p < 0.01). There were significant relationships (r = 0.603–0.671; p < 0.05) between PV using the 0.99 Kg bat load and V
0, and several in-game batting statistics. Practitioners may use the BS with the swing sensor as a rotational LVP assessment, although they should be cautious of aiming to improve batting performance in collegiate softball players based on the correlations reported until further research is performed.
Patellar Tendon Adaptations to Downhill Running Training and Their Relationships With Changes in Mechanical Stress and Loading History
Authors: Bontemps Bastien , Gruet Mathieu , Louis Julien , Owens Daniel J. , Miríc Stella , Vercruyssen Fabrice , Erskine Robert M.
Published: December 2023

Bontemps, B, Gruet, M, Louis, J, Owens, DJ, Miríc, S, Vercruyssen, F, and Erskine, RM. Patellar tendon adaptations to downhill running training and their relationships with changes in mechanical stress and loading history. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 21–29, 2024—It is unclear whether human tendon adapts to moderate-intensity, high-volume long-term eccentric exercise, e.g., downhill running (DR) training. This study aimed to investigate the time course of patellar tendon (PT) adaptation to short-term DR training and to determine whether changes in PT properties were related to changes in mechanical stress or loading history. Twelve untrained, young, healthy adults (5 women and 7 men) took part in 4 weeks' DR training, comprising 10 sessions. Running speed was equivalent to 60–65% V̇O2max, and session duration increased gradually (15–30 minutes) throughout training. Isometric knee extensor maximal voluntary torque (MVT), vastus lateralis (VL) muscle physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) and volume, and PT CSA, stiffness, and Young's modulus were assessed at weeks 0, 2, and 4 using ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. Patellar tendon stiffness (+6.4 ± 7.4%), Young's modulus (+6.9 ± 8.8%), isometric MVT (+7.5 ± 12.3%), VL volume (+6.6 ± 3.2%), and PCSA (+3.8 ± 3.3%) increased after 4 weeks' DR (p < 0.05), with no change in PT CSA. Changes in VL PCSA correlated with changes in PT stiffness (r = 0.70; p = 0.02) and Young's modulus (r = 0.63; p = 0.04) from 0 to 4 weeks, whereas changes in MVT did not correlate with changes in PT stiffness and Young's modulus at any time point (p > 0.05). To conclude, 4 weeks' DR training promoted substantial changes in PT stiffness and Young's modulus that are typically observed after high-intensity, low-volume resistance training. These tendon adaptations seemed to be driven primarily by loading history (represented by VL muscle hypertrophy), whereas increased mechanical stress throughout the training period did not seem to contribute to changes in PT stiffness or Young's modulus.
Water-Based Exercise in Patients With Nonspecific Chronic Low-Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Authors: Babiloni-Lopez Carlos , Fritz Nicole , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Colado Juan C.
Published: December 2023

Babiloni-Lopez, C, Fritz, N, Ramirez-Campillo, R, and Colado, JC. Water-based exercise in patients with nonspecific chronic low-back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 206–219, 2024—This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize evidence (i.e., active [land-based training] and nonactive controls [e.g., receiving usual care]) regarding the effects of water-based training on patients with nonspecific chronic low-back pain (NSCLBP). Web of Science (WOS), PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, EBSCO (SPORTDiscus; CINAHL), and PEDro were searched, with no date restrictions, until October 2021. The included studies satisfied the following criteria: (a) NSCLBP (≥12 weeks) patients, (b) water-based intervention, (c) control group (land-based trained; nonactive group), and (d) outcomes related to pain, disability, quality of life, or flexibility. The main outcome analyzed in the meta-analysis was pain intensity. Secondary outcomes included disability, body mass index, and flexibility. The random-effects model was used, and effect size (ES) values are presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The impact of heterogeneity was assessed (I
2 statistic), with values of <25%, 25–75%, and >75% representing low, moderate, and high levels, respectively. Alpha was set at p < 0.05. In conclusion, 15 studies (n = 524) were meta-analyzed. After intervention, pain intensity was reduced compared with nonactive controls (ES = −3.61; p < 0.001) and a similar reduction was noted when compared with land-based trained group (ES = −0.14; p = 0.359). Greater decrease in disability (ES = 2.15; p < 0.001) and greater increase in sit-and-reach (i.e., flexibility; ES = −2.44; p < 0.001) were noted after intervention compared with the nonactive group. In conclusion, water-based exercise therapy reduces pain intensity, disability, and increases flexibility in NSCLBP compared with nonactive subjects and was equally effective compared with land-based exercise to reduce pain. Favorable effects may be expected at ≤8 weeks. However, due to several methodological issues (e.g., high heterogeneity), for the improvement of most outcomes, we are unable to provide other than a weak recommendation in favor of intervention compared with control treatment.
Validity and Reliability of Force-Time Characteristics Using a Portable Load Cell for the Isometric Midthigh Pull
Authors: Pichardo Andrew W. , Neville Jono , Tinwala Farhan , Cronin John B. , Brown Scott R.
Published: December 2023

Pichardo, AW, Neville, J, Tinwala, F, Cronin, JB, and Brown, SR. Validity and reliability of force-time characteristics using a portable load cell for the isometric midthigh pull. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 185–191, 2024—Many practitioners use the isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) to assess maximal strength in a safe, time-effective manner. However, expensive, stationary force plates are not always practical in a large team setting. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the validity and between-session reliability of peak force, rate of force development (RFD), and impulse during an IMTP using 2 experimental protocols: a traditional fixed bar with a force plate (BarFP) and a flexible chain measured with a force plate (ChainFP) and a load cell (ChainLC). After a familiarization session, 13 resistance-trained men performed 3 trials of the BarFP condition and 3 trials of the chain-based conditions. The identical procedures were replicated twice more, with a week between each testing session. The main findings were (a) no RFD or impulse measures were found to achieve acceptable reliability across all methodological approaches and testing occasions; (b) peak force was reliable across all methods, with coefficient of variation ranging from 4.6 to 8.3%, intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.94 to 0.98, and the least variability associated with the ChainLC condition; and (c) the ChainFP method was found to significantly underrepresent peak force by 4.8% (p < 0.05), with no significant differences between the ChainLC and BarFP methods. Therefore, the ChainLC would seem a valid, reliable, portable, and cost-effective alternative to force plates when assessing maximal isometric strength in the IMTP.
Enforcement of EU Law: Effectiveness and Fundamental Rights as Limits to the Ius Puniendi Exercised by Member States in Fiscal (Criminal) Proceedings
Authors: Szwarc Monika
Published: December 2023

This article analyses the limits to Member States’ powers in the field of enforcing (criminal) penalties for infringements of EU law, with particular focus on the protection of the EU’s financial interests. The article addresses the issue of the broad interpretation of the concept of ‘fraud’ within the meaning of Article 1(1) of the PFI Convention, which resulted in imposing an obligation on Member States to establish criminal penalties for certain serious VAT fraud. Next, the article analyses the requirements of effectiveness and equivalence of penalties established in domestic law for infringements of EU law, which may affect not only the severity of penalties, but also the rules of criminal procedure (limitation periods in pre-trial and judicial proceedings). Finally, the article presents the main developments in the context of limitations of ius puniendi, which stem from the obligation to protect fundamental rights under the Charter of Fundamental Rights.
Directive (EU) 2019/1 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Guarantees for the Protection of the Fundamental Rights of a Party to Anti-Monopoly Proceedings in Poland: Selected Issues
Authors: Piszcz Anna , Knapp Magdalena
Published: December 2023

This article presents how Chapter 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/1 of the European Parliament and of the Council (the ECN+ Directive) has been transposed into Polish law. This Chapter refers to the fundamental rights of undertakings in proceedings concerning infringements of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU. The article discusses selected issues related to the correctness of the transposing legislation. It formulates a critical assessment of the content of the Polish legislation and proposes how these provisions could be amended. The authors conclude that even in areas where Chapter 2 is quite self-explanatory, the legislation, being excessively restrained, needed a different approach from the legislature. Next, the scope of the transposing provisions related to the right to be heard, legal professional privilege and privilege against self-incrimination is too narrow, and in the case of the statement of objections, what was done is ‘false’ implementation.
The Presumption of the Employment Relationship of Platform Workers as an Opportunity to Eliminate Obstacles Arising from Competition Law in the Conclusion of a Collective Agreement: The Example of Spain
Authors: Méndez Lourdes Mella , Kurzynoga Małgorzata
Published: December 2023

Collective bargaining is the most appropriate tool to introduce detailed regulations specific to platform work. However, the status of platform workers (they are usually self-employed), combined with EU competition law, constitutes a significant restriction on their collective bargaining rights. Hence, the aim of this article is to prove the thesis that the presumption adopted in the Spanish regulation of recognising platform workers as workers in the strict sense would be a universal solution to the problem of ensuring proper labour protection for this group of workers.
NSTRUMENTAÇÃO PARA O ENSINO DE TEMAS EM CLIMATOLOGIA COM MATERIAL MULTIMÍDIA
Authors: Torres Steinke Ercília , Fernandes Gomes Marques Karina
Published: December 2023

La enseñanza de temas en Climatología necesita de estudios para proporcionar resultados que ayudan a los maestros a transformar el complejo fenómeno del clima en clases interesante para los estudiantes. Por lo tanto, los recursos materiales son herramientas importantes para ayudar al maestro. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar dos presentaciones con multimedia sobre temas relacionados con la climatología, y demostrar su aplicabilidad como una herramienta educativa para contribuir a la promoción del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para ello, tres pasos fueron necesarios: a) la planificación inicial b) desarrollo de contenido educativo c) la aplicación en el clase. Los resultados mostraron que la multimedia interactiva es un instrumento didáctico y pedagógico que permite el acceso a una gran cantidad de información a favor del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Professor Vanda Zaborskaitė: Why Classic?
Authors: Čiočytė Dalia
Published: December 2023

Vanda Zaborskaitė (1922–2010) was a famous literary critic and the author of a fundamental monograph about the prominent Lithuanian poet Jonas Mačiulis-Maironis (Maironis, 1968, 1987). Vanda Zaborskaitė wrote during the period of Soviet occupation, when Marxist criticism was obligatory. She used the sociological method as interpreted by Marxism, but she never accepted its philosophical determinism. She considered it important to put a literary work in the contextual frame of the literary history; however, she did not accept the view according to which literature is ruled by the laws of the social and cultural history. The philosophical position of Vanda Zaborskaitė was modernisation of the classical literary criticism, which is a tradition of the literary study sourced from the times of Aristotle’s Poetics. A characteristic of this tradition is reliance on the deep ordered structures observed in literary works. Vanda Zaborskaitė investigated such deep literary structures (images and their constellations) as codes of individual artistic self-awareness. In the opinion of the researcher, the pinnacles of literary art are those works which, by employing aesthetic persuasion, interpret the classical ideas of the Western world: the ideas of the absolute value of the personality, freedom, and the primate of the spirit. Professor Vanda Zaborskaitė researched the Lithuanian classic authors during the years of Soviet occupation, and did this in such a way that her works promoted the classical literature along with the classical values.
NEUROBIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES OF VISUAL WORKING MEMORY FUNCTIONING IN RADAR STATION OPERATORS
Authors:   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Podkovka O.I. , Makarchuk M.Y. ,   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Filimonova N.B. ,   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Pampuha I.V. ,   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Varzhanska Ye.V. ,   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Operators are often subjected to a high working memory load as far as any possibly useful information must always be available and presented to the operator. Thus, we assumed that they may have developed adaptations in mechanisms of working memory realization that help them to be more efficient in information overload conditions. Our aim was to define differences in visual working memory functioning in radar station operators (RSO) and other military profession representatives. For this purpose, in parallel with the performance of original computer tests for the visual working memory identification, which had two levels of complexity, we recorded an electroencephalogram with subsequent coherent and LORETA analysis and electrocardiogram with subsequent determining of stress index of the regulatory systems. It was found that reaction time, as well as the number of errors in both tests, didn`t differ significantly for the two groups. At the same time, the control group had a significantly higher number of θ-band coherent connections in the frontal lobe in both tests, which could indicate a higher level of mental stress and emotional involvement. This assumption was confirmed by the stress index dynamic in the control group. LORETA analysis showed that in the RSO group, the degree of fronto-parietal, cingulo-opercular networks, cuneus and precuneus involvement was at a high level from the very first tasks, while in the control group, it increased with task complexity, that is the evidence of adaptive changes in the working memory of RSO, due to which they successfully cope with information overload.
CONTENT OF GROWTH FACTORS AND HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1Α IN THE WOUND BED OF THE SKIN OF RATS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors:   Higher Educational Communal Institution of Lviv Regional Council “Andrey Krupynsky Lviv Medical Academy”, Lviv, Ukraine, Hrytsevych N.R. , Nikitina N.S. ,   Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Stepanova L.I. ,   Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Savchuk O.M. ,   Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Vereshchaka V.V. ,   Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Minor injuries in healthy people usually heal well, but larger wounds or the presence of various physiological (age) or pathological conditions (metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and cancer) can impede this process. The aim of our work was to determine the factors that may influence the duration of healing (growth factors and hypoxia-induced factor 1α) in the wound bed of rats with metabolic syndrome. The experiments were conducted on 80 white non-linear laboratory rats, aged 4-5 months, which were divided after birth into 2 groups of 40 animals each (20 males and 20 females). Group I rats were subcutaneously injected with saline at a dose of 8 μg/ ml on days 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 after birth. Group II rats were administered a sodium glutamate solution at a dose of 4.0 mg/ kg at the same time. At the age of 4 months, animals of both subgroups were modeled with incised wounds . The control animals were rats in each of the groups in which wounds were not modeled. The material for biochemical studies was the skin in the areas of the former wound bed. Rats in the control group had their skin excised at the same sites as those in the experimental groups. The skin was homogenized and the content of growth factors of endothelial and nerve cells (VEGF, NGF, respectively) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) was determined by immuno-enzymatic method. In unoperated male rats with metabolic syndrome, the skin content of VEGF, NGF, and HIF-1a increased compared to control animals without the syndrome. In unoperated females with metabolic syndrome, VEGF levels decreased with a simultaneous increase in NGF and HIF-1α. In the wound bed of animals with metabolic syndrome, after the closure of the wound surface, the content of VEGF and HIF-1α increased, and the content of NGF remained unchanged compared with the values in unoperated rats. The results obtained indicate the involvement of growth factors VEGF and NGF and HIF-1α in prolonging the duration of healing of incised wounds in rats with metabolic syndrome. At the same time, these growth factors and HIF-1α may be involved in the mechanisms of development of some postoperative complications.
Social and Structural Drivers of Health and Transition to Adult Care
Authors: Bailey Katherine , Avolio Julia , Lo Lisha , Gajaria Amy , Mooney Sarah , Greer Katelyn , Martens Heather , Tami Perrine , Pidduck Jacklynn , Cunningham Jessie , Munce Sarah , Toulany Alene
Published: December 2023

CONTEXT

Youth with chronic health conditions experience challenges during their transition to adult care. Those with marginalized identities likely experience further disparities in care as they navigate structural barriers throughout transition.

OBJECTIVES

This scoping review aims to identify the social and structural drivers of health (SSDOH) associated with outcomes for youth transitioning to adult care, particularly those who experience structural marginalization, including Black, Indigenous, and 2-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and others youth.

DATA SOURCES

Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from earliest available date to May 2022.

STUDY SELECTION

Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, followed by full-text. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Primary research studying the association between SSDOH and transition outcomes were included.

DATA EXTRACTION

SSDOH were subcategorized as social drivers, structural drivers, and demographic characteristics. Transition outcomes were classified into themes. Associations between SSDOH and outcomes were assessed according to their statistical significance and were categorized into significant (P < .05), nonsignificant (P > .05), and unclear significance.

RESULTS

101 studies were included, identifying 12 social drivers (childhood environment, income, education, employment, health literacy, insurance, geographic location, language, immigration, food security, psychosocial stressors, and stigma) and 5 demographic characteristics (race and ethnicity, gender, illness type, illness severity, and comorbidity). No structural drivers were studied. Gender was significantly associated with communication, quality of life, transfer satisfaction, transfer completion, and transfer timing, and race and ethnicity with appointment keeping and transfer completion.

LIMITATIONS

Studies were heterogeneous and a meta-analysis was not possible.

CONCLUSIONS

Gender and race and ethnicity are associated with inequities in transition outcomes. Understanding these associations is crucial in informing transition interventions and mitigating health inequities.
Investigation of antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of the bark of Caesalpinia ferrea in Swiss mice exposed to paracetamol
Authors: Simões da Cunha Ana Paula , Dornelles Gindri Sinhorin Valéria , Sinhorin Adilson Paulo , Wyrepkowski Carlos César , Da Rocha Danieli
Published: December 2023

Aims: it was evaluated the antioxidant effect of the ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia ferrea bark in a model of oxidative stress induced by paracetamol (PCM).
Methods: male Swiss mice were subdivided into four groups (control; PCM; PCM+extract; extract; n=8) in which a dose of paracetamol (250 mg.kg-1) was administered and after 3 hours the treatment with the extract (100 mg.kg-1/ day) was administered for seven days, via gavage. Oxidative stress biomarkers were determined, such as catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and carbonylated proteins of liver, kidneys and brain and plasma parameters through the dosage of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.
Results: the Caesalpinia ferrea extract was able to reverse the lipid and protein damage caused by the drug in the liver tissue and caused the same effect in the renal and brain tissues in the carbonylated proteins. The extract alone decreased liver glutathione-S-transferase and increased catalase and brain glutathione-S-transferase activity, in addition to lowering glucose and cholesterol, but without altering the triglycerides.
Conclusions: it was possible to conclude that the ethanolic extract of the bark of Caesalpinia ferrea has a good antioxidant activity, probably due to the presence of tannins, in view of the damage caused by the high dose of paracetamol in the samples investigated. However, more studies are needed for a better understanding of the effects of this extract compared to the effects found in this research.
Assessing the Readiness of Pre-service Teachers to Teach English to ESL Learners in Fijian Secondary Schools
Authors: Tulomana Josaia , Tagimaucia Varanisese , Chand Satish Prakash
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to assess the readiness of pre-service English teachers in a teacher training program at Fiji National University to teach English as a Second Language (ESL) to Fijian ESL learners. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from twenty-two students enrolled in a compulsory language course during their third year of undergraduate study. These findings underscore the pivotal role of English teachers in maximizing students’ formal schooling and exposure to their native language (L1) to create an engaging learning environment. Additionally, this study found that enhancing pre-service teachers’ cultural awareness improves their readiness to teach English to Fijian ESL students. Central to this study is the recognition of the essential elements necessary in pre-service teacher education programs. This study includes multifaceted support systems, such as emphasizing the significance of comprehensive support in pre-service teacher education programs, including mentorship programs, practical teaching opportunity experiences, feedback mechanisms, platforms for self-reflection and peer reflection opportunities, integration of technology into teaching, and the improvement of effective communication and teaching methodologies. These findings hold substantial promise in informing and potentially guide policy decisions and offer recommendations for the refinement of teacher-training programs and curriculum development in secondary school settings. This study recommends the provision of training and support through professional development seminars geared towards fostering culturally responsive and inclusive classrooms, emphasizing the importance of training and ongoing support for teachers.
Characterization of solids obtained from calcium and magnesium precipitation by sodium carbonate addition
Authors: Ojeda Villegas Sandra Daniela , Uribe Salas Alejandro , Elizondo Álvarez Martha Araceli
Published: December 2023

The addition of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) to the flotation water of complex sulfide ores is a strategy implemented to mitigate the adverse effect of calcium and magnesium present in the process water of complex sulfide flotation. These contaminating agents are due to the use of lime as pH regulator and to the presence in the ore of magnesium species. Na2CO3 is added with the aim of precipitating Ca2+ and Mg2+ as carbonates. In the case of calcium, it precipitates CaCO3, which has been identified by XRD as calcite and vaterite. In the case of magnesium, the precipitating solid is of amorphous nature. In order to identify the chemical nature of magnesium precipitates, thermogravimetric analysis was carried out. Additionally, the solids were analyzed by SEM–EDS to support the observations. The results suggest that the amorphous solid may consist of a hydrated basic magnesium carbonate, precursor of hydromagnesite (Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2·4H2O).

Graphical abstract
Formacja liturgiczna alumnów po Soborze Watykańskim II
Authors: Mieczkowski Janusz
Published: December 2023

The aim of liturgical formation is to understand how the mystery of salvation is celebrated and expressed. The foundation of liturgical formation is the saving work of Jesus and human participation in the Paschal mystery of Christ through faith and the sacraments. This formation is to be mystagogical, so it is to include primarily participation in the liturgy, which itself has the power to influence its participants. That is why the documents always prioritize participation in the liturgy as in the work of Christ’s salvation, and only science and practical initiation into the rites. Therefore, the documents always put participation in the liturgy in the first place, and only then study and practical initiation into the rites. As for the liturgical life in the seminary, it is to focus on daily participation in the Eucharist. Next to her, there is also concern for frequent celebration of the Liturgy of the Hours, the Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation, and the proper experience of the liturgical year. Also important are the timely received lecturers and acolytes. In the New Ratio studiorum for Poland, the teaching of the liturgy was inscribed in a new division of the entire seminary formation, i.e., the “introductory stage”, “the stage of becoming a disciple of Jesus,” “the stage of becoming conformed to Christ” and the pastoral stage. The ratio studiorum for Poland provides for only 120 hours of liturgy during studies (85 hours of lectures and 35 hours of practice), and the subject “Liturgical Service of the Presbyter” at the pastoral stage (15 hours of practice).
Prayers of the Byzantine Liturgy of the Word as an Introduction to Meditation on the Holy Scriptures
Authors: Rudeyko Vasyl
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the prayers of the Liturgy of the Word in the Byzantine tradition with regard to meditation on the Holy Scriptures. In particular, the author draws attention to the fact of the need to prepare for participation in the divine service through a deeper knowledge of the prayer and patristic tradition of reading the Bible. Regarding individual prayer, the context of reading and commenting on the Gospel in the Eucharistic assembly is indicated. Among other things, the author encourages rethinking the modern rite of the Liturgy of the Word in the Byzantine tradition, which underwent significant changes during its formation and partially lost its authentic structural simplicity.
Mari, Merya, Muroma — History of the Ethnonyms and Reconstruction of the Substrate Toponymy Languages
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Napolskikh Vladimir V. ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Savelyev Alexander V. ,   Ural Federal University,   Institute of Linguistics of the RAS,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: December 2023

The old hypothesis on the relatedness of Merya languages (today we can speak about a group of languages or dialects reconstructed on the basis of substrate toponymy of Central Russia: Merya of Rostov, Merya of Kostroma, and Merya of Murom also known as “Lower Klyazma” Merya) with the Mari (Cheremis) language has been reliably proven in the works of A. K. Matveyev, O. V. Smirnov and others. The authors contribute to the ongoing discussion in this area and argue that the new reconstruction of Proto-Mari vocalism based on the history of Mari-Turkic contacts undoubtedly supports this hypothesis. The article suggests a version of the Stammbaum of Finno-Permian languages, including the Mari-Merya group and some other extinct Finno-Permian languages, reconstructed on the basis of substrate toponymic data. However, since the results of the analysis of substrate toponymy are naturally debatable to a certain extent, the authors propose to turn to the analysis of ethnonymy. The long-noted (by M. A. Castrén) similarity of the ethnonyms Mari, Merya, and Muroma is considered, suggesting them to be self-names of the respective ethnic groups. The reconstruction of the Mari historical vocalism (as well as features of the vocalism of the Merya and Muromian languages that can be extracted from toponymic materials) delivers the proto-forms Mari *märə, Merya *märə, Muromian *mürə, going back to the proto-form *märə. The latter is proposed to regard (as it is now common in the Finno-Ugric studies) as some reflex of Aryan *marya- ‘young man, warrior, member of youth war community’ (the authors are going to devote a special article to the problem of the Aryan source of this ethnonym). The reconstruction of the common Mari–Meryan–Muromian auto-ethnonym *märə is not only a strong argument for the relatedness of these languages, but also indicates to close relations between the respective ethnic groups and their common origin.
Chrononyms and Some Features of the Calendar Cycle of Makarevsky District, Kostroma Region
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kuchko Valeria S.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the local holiday tradition recorded in an area of the Upper Volga basin, namely in the Makaryevsky district of the Kostroma region. It particularly focuses on the linguistic representation of this tradition: chrononyms (holiday names), related proverbs, and chrononymic derivatives. The research is based on field materials collected by members of the Toponymic Expedition of the Ural Federal University during several field trips (in 2004 and 2021–2023). The local calendar system is subject to selective rather than complete description that focuses on the factors that shape the originality of the local tradition. Among these are the unique chrononyms exclusively specific to Makaryevsky district, including those naming the annual holidays of Makaryevsky settlements (such as Yarilova Plesh, Ostannoye Voskresenje, Revun (day)). Another feature of the local calendar are the names of holidays referring to locally significant shrines or saints (revered in the vicinities of Unzha and Vetluga rivers or in Kostroma land in general). These are, for example, Makariev (Macarius) Day, Varnaviev (Barnabas) Day. High concentration of settlements celebrating these as patronal holidays in the region displays the significant role of the Rev. Macarius and Barnabas for these places. The paper also touches upon the local character of some all-Russian holidays, particularly the well-known Ilyin’s (Elijah’s) Day and the Day of St. Spyridon-the-Turner as the most notable for the festive tradition of the Makaryevsky district. For chrononyms with an obscure original meaning, the article provides motivational comments.
Unstressed a/o Vowels in Russian Toponyms: Sources of Variation
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dambuev Igor A.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the sources of the unstressed a/o variation in Russian toponyms spelling. This type of variation is known from the works of previous researchers of Russian toponymy and is also presented in Russia’s State Index of Place Names (SIPN), namely in the category of toponyms requiring spelling clarification. The material of the study is constituted by toponyms from the SIPN with variation in the spelling of unstressed a/o. The sources of the study are normative legal acts of the subjects of the country and municipalities, reference books of political divisions, lists of settlements and topographic maps of the 18th–21st centuries. Using different methods of onomastic research such as the analysis of name variants, etymological analysis, geolinguistic analysis, etc., the following sources for spelling variation of toponyms are identified and illustrated with examples: the influence of local dialects, de-etymologization of toponyms, hypercorrection of toponyms, the use of practical transcription rules, oral adoption of borrowed toponyms, phonetization of toponyms. The main prerequisite for variation is the unstressed position of the a/o vowels. The influence of local dialects may affect the spelling of a toponym, particularly in the case of de-etymologization, but it is not mandatory. De-etymologization manifests itself in the loss of connection with a specific appellative or anthroponym the toponym derives from. Toponymic variation is aggravated in the case of a known variation in the spelling of the corresponding appellative or anthroponym. Hypercorrection results from the urge to render a toponym in some form that feels intuitively correct. Hypercorrection and phonetization ignore both the traditions of the use of the toponym and its linguistic origin. The use of practical transcription leads to variation in the toponyms borrowed into Russian, particularly if these have traditional spellings. In the case of oral adoption of borrowed toponyms, variation occurs because of the adaptation of unfamiliar phonemes. It is noted that variation is often complex, and de-etymologization plays a crucial role.
(Mis)Leading Approaches in Toponomastics. Review of the book: Perono Cacciafoco, F., & Cavallaro, F. (2023). Place Names. Approaches and Perspectives in Toponymy and Toponomastics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xxiii + 298 p.
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Spiridonov Dmitry V.
Published: December 2023

The paper provides a critical review of a ten-chapter volume dealing with various aspects of the study of place names. Conceived as a concise but comprehensive reference source for students in toponomastics, the book has two distinct focuses, namely historical toponomastics (i.e. the study of place names within the framework of historical linguistics and contact language theory) and social toponomastics, but also covers the study of toponymy in the context of historical geography, language documentation, and cartography. Despite the fact that the book presents a good survey of some topics and contains relevant references to scholarly publications, which may be useful for students, it displays numerous issues in the chapters related to etymology, language change, and historical linguistics, which may give the readers a distorted idea of the research practices normally used in the corresponding sub-fields of toponomastics. In some cases, the analysis proposed in the book lacks arguments and further explanations, while in others, it is simply based on an a priori fallacy.
Pre-LBO Credit Market Conditions and Post-LBO Target Behavior
Authors: Kwak Seung , Press Charles
Published: December 2023

In the context of leveraged buyouts (LBOs), this paper empirically studies the relation between pre-buyout credit market conditions and the post-buyout behavior of target companies, employing a supervisory dataset to overcome limited data availability for post-buyout target financial information. We propose an LBO-specific measure of (changes of) credit market conditions---the short-term (6-month) change of credit spreads leading up to buyout close. Using this proposed measure, we show that loosening pre-LBO credit market conditions, which are related to higher buyout leverage consistent with the literature, are associated with poor post-LBO (operating) performance of the target company. These results support the narrative of agency costs of debt such as risk shifting and debt overhang but are inconsistent with theories of disciplinary effects of debt. We provide further evidence supportive of the theories of agency costs of debt and some results favorable to the risk shifting story.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF ECHINACEA PURPUREA TINCTURE ON THE THYROID GLAND DURING PROLONGED TOLUENE INTOXICATION OF THE RAT BODY AT VARIOUS AGE PERIODS
Authors: Fomina Kseniya , Berov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2023

The article substantiates the high efficiency of the daily two-month use of Echinacea purpurea tincture at a dose of 200 mg / kg for the purpose of pharmacological correction of thyroid changes to relieve the toxic effects of toluene. A decrease in both absolute and relative thyroid gland mass was recorded, and in immature rats due to a decrease in both lobes, and in rats of reproductive and senile changes, mainly due to the right lobe. After the combined effect of toluene and tincture of echinacea purpurea, the growth is restored and the recovery rate of linear indicators of both thyroid lobes increases, most intensively in the immature period. Changes in histomorphometric parameters indicate the predomi-nance of the effects of echinacea purpurea tincture over toluene, which manifests itself in the normal-ization of the nuclear cytoplasmic index, an increase in the height of thyrocytes, a decrease in the av-erage diameter and colloid accumulation index in the follicles, recorded for two weeks at the early stages of postnatal ontogenesis and for one week in the late period. At the ultramicroscopic level, the structural components of thyrocytes are characterized by better preservation and activation of regener-ative processes, which intensify a month after the completion of toluene intoxication and the introduc-tion of a corrector.
Ehl-i Hadisin Düşüncelerini Yansıtması Açısından İbn Ebi'd-Dünyâ'nın Kitâbü'l-Menâmât Adlı Eseri
Authors: Aydın Erol
Published: December 2023

Rüyalar subjektif veriler sunduğu için İslamî bir hükümde delil niteliği taşımazlar. Bununla birlikte rüyalar, yaşanılan toplumun inancı, düşünme biçimi, tartışma konuları, beklentileri gibi unsurları yansıtabilme özelliklerinden dolayı araştırmacılara kıymetli veriler sunabilirler. İbn Ebi’d-Dünyâ’nın Kitâbü’l-Menâmât adlı eserine bu açıdan yaklaşıldığında müellifin mensubu olduğu ilmî geleneğin düşünce yapısı hakkında fikirler veren çok sayıda rüyanın kaydedildiği görülür. Eserde rüyaların zikredilmeye değer bulunarak senedli rivayet edilmesi, söz konusu malzemenin nesilden nesile ilim meclislerinde müzakere edilerek ve ilmî tenkit süzgecinden geçirilerek günümüze intikal ettiğini, dolayısıyla ehl-i hadisin fikriyatıyla uyumlu mesajlar içerdiğini söyleme imkanını bizlere verir. Bu araştırmada eserdeki rüyaların bu özelliğine istinâden rüya içerikli rivayetlere yansıyan ehl-i hadisin düşüncelerini ortaya koymak ve değerlendirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu araştırma sayesinde, eseri sadece bir zühd ve ahlak kitabı olarak gören yaklaşımın yanlışlığının görüleceği ve rüya muhtevalı eserlerin yansıttıkları düşünceler açısından kıymetlerinin daha da belirginleşeceği düşünülmektedir.
Aplicação de um Projeto de Ensino Sobre Análise Sensorial de Alimentos e sua Experiencia Inovadora no Curso de Gastronomia na Educação a Distância
Authors: Nigro Thanise , Braccini Graciela Lucca , Turchetto Queila , Motta Andrea
Published: December 2023

Este relato de experiência possui abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório acerca da aplicação de projeto de ensino sobre análise sensorial de alimentos em um curso de gastronomia na modalidade de Educação a Distância (EaD). Objetivou-se a inserção da interpretação subjetiva da análise sensorial, que é fundamental para o gastrônomo na elaboração de pratos bem aceitos. O projeto visou aplicação teórico-prática para explorar habilidades, competências, criatividade e interpretação dos acadêmicos ao analisar sensorialmente o prato elaborado durante o curso. A aplicação inovadora possibilitou inserir, nos alunos de Gastronomia EaD, a capacidade de interpretar atributos sensoriais e transcrevê-los e realizar análise crítica.