bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of sorption characteristics of aluminum hydroxide sludge formed at the stage of pre-purification of water treatment plant
Authors: Karpychev E.А.
Published: May 2022

An urgent task of the research is to describe the properties of the sludge formed during coagulation depending on the type of water supply source. Namely, the aim is to study the sorption capacity of the sludge for the main components removed from the water (iron compounds, organic substances, and silicic acid compounds). This indicator allows you to directly determine the effectiveness of the coagulation. When comparing the actual values of this indicator with practically obtainable values, one can say about the lack or excess of the coagulant supplied for processing. To calculate the specific sorption capacities of the sludge, the following indicators have been used: organic content, the weight concentration of silicic acid compounds in terms of SiO2 and the weight concentration of iron compounds in terms of Fe. After drying and calcining the sludge, the resulting mineral residue has been dissolved in the solution, and the content of the final components was determined. Conventional water analysis methods have been applied. For the first time, a method is proposed to determine the specific sorption capacities of aluminum hydroxide sludge for organic compounds, for iron compounds in terms of Fe, for silicic acid compounds in terms of SiO2. A classification of natural low-turbidity waters with an increased content of iron-organic compounds is proposed. Within the framework of the proposed classification of waters, the authors have obtained previously undetermined actual specific sorption capacities of the sludge. Recommendations have been given to get practical importance values of the sorption characteristics of the sludge. The proposed method to calculate the sorption capacity of aluminum hydroxide sludge and index of sorption capacity of the sludge are recommended to be used as a parameter that determines the conditions and efficiency of application of the aluminum sulfate coagulation technology. Excessive doses of the coagulant that provide a sorption capacity of the sludge greater than the recommended values, lead to an excessive consumption of both the reagent itself and purge water. Thus, some measures can be taken to bring the sorption capacity of the sludge to practically achievable values, for example, aquatic acidification.
Argümantasyonun Fen Bilgisi Öğretmen Adaylarının Yoğunluk ve Hal Değişimi Konularındaki Başarıları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: DOĞAN Saliha , ÇANKAYA Özlem , AYDOĞAN Nilay , OKUŞLUK Funda
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada, argümantasyonun fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının yoğunluk ve hal değişimi konularındaki başarılarına etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Programı’nın 1. sınıfında öğrenim gören fen bilgisi öğretmen adayları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada yarı deneysel desen yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Konuların öğretilmesi sırasında öğrencilerin seviyelerine uygun çalışma yaprakları hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada iki grup bulunmaktadır. Gruplar deney grubu (N:23) ve kontrol grubu (N:23) olarak belirlenmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak argümantasyona dayalı çalışma yaprakları ve akademik başarıyı ölçmek için 32 sorudan oluşan çoktan seçmeli başarı testi kullanılmıştır. Başarı testi çalışmanın başında ön test, sonunda ise son test olarak kullanılmıştır. Dersler, kontrol grubu ile mevcut programa göre (düz anlatım yöntemi-geleneksel yöntem) işlenirken deney grubu ile argümantasyona dayalı etkinliklerle işlenmiştir. Uygulamanın sonunda son test uygulanarak akademik başarıdaki değişim incelenmiştir. Veriler bağımlı örneklem t-Testi ve bağımsız örneklem t-Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda başarıda deney grubu lehine istatiksel ve pratikte anlamlı bir farklılık oluştuğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçtan yola çıkarak çalışmamızda Fen Bilimleri dersinde argümantasyon yönteminin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını arttırmada, geleneksel yönteme göre daha etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu açıdan Eğitim programlarında fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının eğitimleri sürecinde argümantasyona dayalı etkinliklerle öğrenim yapılmasının ve öğretmenlere fen derslerinde argümantasyon yönteminin uygulanabileceği ortamların sunulmasının bu yöntemden daha çok yararlanılarak akademik başarıyı arıttırabileceği görüşündeyiz.
Comparison of joint hypermobility in general and orthopaedic clinic population in south India
Authors: S Gollamudi , S Jitta , SV Kakarla , RK Yalamanchili , SBS Kambhampati
Published: May 2022

Background: Generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) is associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. Beighton score is universally used to measure hypermobility and the cut off score of ≥4 is quoted in literature to define GJH. No data exists on the prevalence of GJH in patients attending orthopaedic outpatients in India. Materials and methods: The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of GJH in the general versus orthopaedic patients. 406 patients attending a wellness clinic and 1780 patients attending orthopaedic outpatient clinic in a large private hospital in south India were scored for hypermobility using Beighton score. The mean age of the cohorts attending the wellness clinic and orthopaedic clinic was 33.47± 11.63 years and 36.37± 9.36 years respectively. There were more males than females recruited in the orthopaedic clinic. Results: The wellness group had significantly higher numbers in the 20 to 39 year age range compared to the orthopaedic group (p value <0.00001). There was a significantly higher proportion of zero Beighton score in the orthopaedic group (p value <0.00001). The proportion of people with Beighton score 4-9 in the wellness and orthopaedic groups were 33% and 3.3% respectively. The proportion of GJH with Beighton score 5-9 was 16% and 2% in the wellness and orthopaedic groups respectively. Conclusions: This is the only study, to the best of our knowledge, to have attempted to compare GJH prevalence in orthopaedic patients with a control group. The prevalence of GJH is significantly higher in the general population than the orthopaedic out-patients. Beighton score is simple to perform and must be included in the management of every orthopaedic patient.
¿Por qué lo llaman sexo cuando quieren decir violencia?
Authors: Martín-Palomino Esther Torrado , Pedernera Laura
Published: May 2022

Este artículo plantea la necesidad de invertir el enfoque tradicional de análisis de la prostitución femenina, derivándolo hacia el actor del sistema más invisibilizado, higienizado e inocentado socialmente: el demandante o “cliente”, principal sostenedor que revalida y perpetúa la existencia de este fenómeno (Torrado, 2018). En cualquier forma de prostitución se producen exigencias para el cumplimiento de imperativos patriarcales dirigidos a la mercantilización de las mujeres mediante el uso y abuso de sus cuerpos, sin embargo esto no hace que el estigma y la desvalorización caiga en los varones, exentos de responsabilidad y de juicios éticos por sus actos, actos habitualmente minimizados y normalizados socialmente.

Estas cuestiones han sido comprobadas en varios estudios nacionales e internacionales de las últimas décadas del siglo XX y de las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI,  algunos de los cuales referimos  en este manuscrito, para luego compararlos con los resultados de uno de los últimos estudios realizados desde la perspectiva de la demanda, en Canarias, donde a través de entrevistas en profundidad a consumidores masculinos de prostitución femenina se han distinguido sus discursos y los pensamientos que los sustentan
COVID-19, Fiscalidad y Género
Authors: Muñiz Pérez Julio Cësar , Cordeiro Candido Joelma
Published: May 2022

La crisis del COVID 19 plantea la necesidad de medidas fiscales urgentes. Planteamos la posibilidad de dotar a estas medidas de un carácter de género que ayude a atenuar la brecha existente a nivel laboral entre hombres y mujeres en Latinoamérica. Para ello partimos de la afectación que la pandemia ha producido en las trabajadoras latinoamericanas y fundamentar la necesidad de adoptar medidas fiscales de fomento. Analizamos algunas medidas con una orientación de género en varios Estados para finalizar afirmando la necesidad de las mismas y la oportunidad que se presenta para reducir la brecha laboral entre hombres y mujeres.
La Feria de Cali y el Orden Social: 1971 y 2019
Authors: Melo Quimbay Camila
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se indaga por el sentido que sectores de la Élite de gobierno adjudican a la Feria de Cali para la construcción de un orden social. Este análisis se enmarca en los años 1971 y 2019, los cuales representan momentos históricos relevantes para la ciudad. Para ello, se realiza un acercamiento teórico, que guía la discusión, desde los conceptos de Sentidos, Élite de gobierno, Orden social e Imaginarios sociales. Asimismo, para cumplir con el objetivo de la investigación se propone una metodología centrada en la revisión de archivos de medios de comunicación y documentos oficiales de la Alcaldía de Cali. Sumado a esto, se entrevista a un personaje que ha sido partícipe de la organización de la Feria durante varios años. Finalmente, se concluye que la Feria le permite a la Élite de gobierno impulsar unos imaginarios que ordenan socialmente a la población, lo que le es funcional para dominarla y conseguir intereses que le son beneficiosos tanto a ella como a la ciudad.
Desigualdades e direitos sociais no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: solidariedade internacional como referencial bioético
Authors: Albuquerque Aline
Published: May 2022

Objetivo/Contexto. Este artigo tem como objetivo discorrer acerca dos impactos da pandemia da COVID-19 sobre os direitos sociais – direito à saúde, direito ao trabalho, direito à educação e direito à alimentação adequada.Metodologia/Enfoque. O enfoque metodológico que sustenta esta pesquisa é teórico, cujo escopo consiste em desenvolver aportes teóricos e aplicá-los a determinado objeto. Resultados/Descobertas. O artigo apresenta uma contribuição teórica ao debate sobre as repercussões na esfera da desigualdade social, e propor a solidariedade internacional como um referencial bioético universal para fundamentar medidas globais de enfrentamento a tais impactos.Discussão/Contribuições/Conclusões. Conclui-se que o referencial da solidariedade internacional confere aporte teórico e ferramenta discursiva e normativa com vistas ao fortalecimento dos esforços globais para enfrentar os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19.
Modern Tendencies of the Development of Civil Procedure Law Principles in the Conditions of Digitization of Procedural Relationships
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Vyatka State University Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Disciplines of the Kirov Institute (Branch) of the Moscow Humanitarian Economic University, PhD (Law), Plotnikov Dmitriy A.
Published: May 2022

Digitalization as a phenomenon of our time affects the understanding of the essence of modern legal relations. This circumstance is a prerequisite for discussing the boundaries of the relationship between the legal and technical side in regulating certain aspects of the implementation of civil proceedings, the prospect of the introduction of the concept of digital procedural rights in scientific terms. At the same time, it is impossible to solve these issues in the conditions of digitalization without turning to the relationship of this concept with the principles of civil procedural law. In this regard, the author identifies modern trends in the understanding of principles in the doctrine of civil procedure law. Based on critical analysis, the author comes to conclusions about the main problematic issues that the modern science of civil procedure law faces when studying the interaction of digitalization and the principles of civil procedure law.
Issues of the Implementation of the Principle of Independence of Judges in Review of Public Law Cases
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Civil Law, Civil and Arbitral Procedure of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISL RAS) LL.D., Associate Professor, Mikhaylova Ekaterina V.
Published: May 2022

The article raises the problem of the independence of judges who consider and resolve public law cases. Since a public law conflict is a dispute between a private person (citizen or organization) and the state represented by its bodies or officials regarding the exercise of power, the judge is actually a representative of one of the parties to the legal conflict (the state). In such conditions, it is difficult for him to maintain impartiality and independence. It is shown that it is necessary to distinguish between the categories of “court independence” and “judicial independence”. The constitutional principle of the separation of powers ensures the independence of the court as a state body, but not of a judge. It is proposed, first, to consider the independence of a judge in three aspects: from other authorities and officials; from the persons participating in the case and from other judges, including higher courts. In order to increase the independence of judges considering public law cases, it is also proposed to introduce the institution of administrative assessors into the Russian model of administration of justice (by analogy with arbitration and jury assessors). At the same time, it is advisable to revive the institution of civil liability of judges for the erroneousness of their decisions.
Collective litigation in China
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of S. Lebedev Department of International Private and Civil Law of Moscow State Institute of Intern ational Relations Candidate of Legal Sciences, Alexandrovich Sutormin N.
Published: May 2022

The article is dedicated to collective litigation of China. The author researches such existing forms of collective actions as joint actions, representative actions and actions in public interests. The specific character of Chinese way of development of collective procedures is analyzed. The author concludes that Chinese regulation of representative actions is at the stage of formation and needs adjustment. One of the latest changes researched in the article became the reform of Securities Act in 2019–2020. On the whole China adopted the norms on collective regulation from Western countries and Japan, but at the same time these norms received national color. Some ideas, which were realized in China and became practically viable, can be adopted by our country.
Subjective Rights and Legal Interests: What Should the Result of Judicial Protection Be Like
Authors:   Head of the Department of Civil Procedure Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian State University of Justice PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Burmistrova Svetlana A.
Published: May 2022

The types of interests regulated by law are investigated. It is argued that in the process of legal regulation, interests receive mechanisms of implementation in the form of subjective rights and legitimate interests. It is proved that among the legitimate interests there are those that are capable of turning into a subjective right (intermediate legitimate interests) and are not capable of this (final legitimate interests). It is shown which powers are covered by the content of subjective rights and legitimate interests, which powers are the main ones. It is argued that judicial protection is aimed at restoring the possibility of exercising this right, which is crucial for the realization of rights and legitimate interests.
Is a Defense Attorney a Subject of Criminalistic Activities?
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminalistics, Forensic Examinations and Legal Psychology of the Baikal State University, LL.D., Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Irkutsk Region, Stepanenko Diana A. , Mitrofanova Alena A. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure Law and Criminalistics of the East-Siberian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law)
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the controversial point of view, according to which the subject area of forensic science includes not only the activities of bodies and persons carrying out criminal prosecution, but also the activities of a lawyer-defender. In order to resolve the issue of whether a defense lawyer is a subject of criminalistic activity, the authors investigate a number of concepts such as ‘forensic activity’, ‘forensic means’, ‘criminal procedural means’, as well as the functional purpose of individual participants in criminal proceedings. The conclusion is made about the impossibility of attributing a lawyer-defender to the subjects of criminalistic activity.
Means of the Implementation of Waiver of the Right to Legal Assistance in Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Southwest State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Revina Irina V. , Pashutina Olesya S. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Southwest State University, PhD (Law), Chebotareva Irina N. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Southwest State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: May 2022

The article examines the ways and forms of legal refusal of the right to receive legal assistance in criminal proceedings, examines the factors affecting the process of implementation by participants of criminal procedural legal relations of the procedural right belonging to them. The criteria of validity of unilateral refusal of the right to legal aid are analyzed.
Administrative Discretion in Case of Cancellation of an Administrative Act
Authors:   Dean of the Law Faculty of the Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Sherstoboev Oleg N.
Published: May 2022

Administrative discretion and administrative act are the key concepts in administrative law of all the countries. However, the role of discretion in the procedure for recognizing an administrative act as invalid is one of the most difficult problems in administrative law, and academics and practitioners are still discussion how to solve it. The method of comparative law is using in this article; as a result, the approaches of the countries of Civil and Common law are analyzed. The conclusion is real that discretionary powers can be used to invalidate an administrative act. In this case, the principle of protecting legitimate expectations and judicial control over discretionary powers are very important. These criteria exist in the Russian legal system, but they are not sufficiently developed.
The Regulatory Potential of Letters from Federal Executive Authorities
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Theory and Practice of Management of the Ural State Law University PhD (Law), Domchenko Artem S.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to problematic issues related to the adoption and implementation of letters from federal executive bodies. The author comes to the conclusion that letters from federal executive bodies are used as operational regulators of public relations in unique and emergency situations and mainly act as non-individualized law enforcement decisions made “on a well-known case”. At the same time, the letter of the federal executive body is a collective category that unites administrative legal acts that have different legal properties, mediate the various functions of the public administration, which uses acts-letters along with other legal acts as a flexible tool within its own socially significant activities.
On the Consolidation of the Form of Administrative Offense Reports by Order of the Head of a Federal Executive Authority
Authors:   Head of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of the Saint-Petersburg Military Institute of National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Nazarova Irina S. , Shenshin Viktor M. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Saint Petersburg University of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: May 2022

In the presented article, the authors prove the need to consolidate the form of the protocol on an administrative offense by the order of the head of the federal executive authority. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the protocol on an administrative offense, in case of its incorrect compilation, violates the rights of citizens associated with emotional suffering caused by the infringement of such intangible benefits as personal dignity and reputational losses, as well as the right of these persons to judicial protection. It is substantiated that in the presence of significant shortcomings of the protocol on an administrative offense, a citizen or a legal entity has the right to apply to the court for recognition of the protocol as illegal.
“New” Petty Hooliganism: Hypothesis and Disposition
Authors:   Head of the Department of Administrative Activities of Internal Affairs Agencies of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Rydchenko Kirill D.
Published: May 2022

The article contains a lexico-legal analysis of the hypothesis and disposition of qualified compositions of an administrative offense under article 20.1 «Disorderly conduct» of the Code of Administrative Offenses. An assessment is made of the feasibility of the jurisdictional powers of officials of the internal affairs bodies and courts established according to these novelties. Particular emphasis is placed on determining the effectiveness of the established administrative punishment for «government insult» in the global information society and assessing the conformity of innovations with the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
On Persuasion as the Main General Method of Implementation of Public Government: The Status and Some Improvement Issues
Authors:   Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation Head of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Central Branch of the Russian State University of Justice LL.D., Professor, Khatuaev Vladimir U.
Published: May 2022

The article, based on the analysis of a large number of educational and scientific literature, statistical and analytical materials conducted by the author of sociological studies, concludes that the method of coercion in the activities of organs state power is radically dominant, with a decidedly insufficient scientific development and the use of persuasion as the basic general method of government.
Establishment and Maintenance of Security of Judicial Activities in New Epidemiological Conditions
Authors:   Presiding Judge of the Commercial Court of the Central District, PhD (Law), Orlov Aleksandr V.
Published: May 2022

The article is an analysis of the practice of applying measures by courts to counter the spread of a new coronavirus infection. Proposals are made for the targeted reform of procedural legislation, taking into account the nature of the current anti-coronavirus restrictions, as well as the norms governing the organization and provision of judicial activities.
Online Court Sessions as a Form of Exercising of the Right to Judicial Protection
Authors:   Assistant Judge of the Novosibirsk Regional Court, Postgraduate Student of the Siberian Institute of Management – Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Maltseva Anastasia M.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the procedure of online court sessions in the context of the implementation of the constitutional right to judicial protection. In particular, the author examines the problem of the use of unregulated private programs and videoconferencing services by courts. The author concludes that the use of such programs and services is associated with several significant risks, in connection with which the question of their use should be brought up for discussion by the persons involved in a particular case. It is proposed to fix directly in the legislation the consequences of the impossibility of participating in an online court session for technical reasons.
Peculiarities of Laws on Registration of Rights to Real Estate and Transactions Therewith
Authors:   Assistant Judge of the Commercial Court of the Primorsk Territory, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Degree-Seeking Student of the Russian State University of Justice, Sheremetyeva Natalya V.
Published: May 2022

The relevance of the study of legislation on registration of rights to real estate lies in the fact that ownership of real estate — a fundamental constitutional human right — arises only after the onset of a legal fact, which is state registration. The article, using classification, systemic and comparative methods, examines in detail the Federal Law No. 218-FZ, which is the main one in the system of laws governing the registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it. The article also analyzes the changes made to the legislation to eliminate shortcomings in legal regulation. As a result of the study, it was revealed that deficiencies in the legislation cannot be completely eliminated, which indicates the dynamism of civil legal relations related to real estate. Problems identified in practice can be resolved through judicial interpretation of legal norms or through the application of constitutional norms.
Specific features of the training seminar in order to improve the subjective well-being of students
Authors: Adilzhanova Kuralay , Turganbayeva Beibitgul , Yermentayeva Ardakh , Aubakirova Zhanat , Kulmysheva Nazym , Oralbekova Bakytgul
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the specific features of the training seminar in order to improve the subjective well-being of university students. The qualitative research method was used in this study. The study group of the research consisted of 72 university students studying at various universities in Almaty, Kazakhstan in the 2021–2022 academic year. Research data were collected with a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers. As a result of the research, students defined subjective well-being as looking at life positively, living life in a planned way, socialising and being a good person. University students evaluated their subjective well-being at a moderate level with suggestions of university students participating in the research to improve subjective well-being, giving importance to personal development, establishing positive relations with the environment and benefiting from activities in universities. In addition, students’ opinions on the characteristics of the training seminars for the development of subjective well-being are that they are motivating, provide multidimensional development, have rich content and are held regularly. In line with the findings obtained from the research, it has emerged that the training seminars organised for the improvement of the subjective well-being of university students should be organised frequently, provide multidimensional development and be rich in content.

 

Keywords: Subjective well-being, educational seminars, university students
Notes on Contributors
Authors: Allouche Jeremy , J.H. te Lintelo Dolf
Published: May 2022

This is the notes on contributors for IDS Bulletin Vol 53 No 2: Humanitarianism and Covid-19: Structural Dilemmas, Fault Lines, and New Perspectives.
Problemy interpretacyjne dualistycznego art. 168a k.p.k.
Authors: Pukarowska Anna Maria
Published: May 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza art. 168a k.p.k. w brzmieniu nadanym mu nowelizacją marcową, wprowadzającego instytucję dopuszczalności dowodu nielegalnego, co stanowi jednocześnie kontynuację zakazów dowodowych. Analiza rozbieżności interpretacyjnych, które przejawiają się zwłaszcza w trakcie zastosowania wykładni literalnej, została przeprowadzona poprzez omówienie poszczególnych części zdania wielokrotnie złożonego. Autorka dokonuje również historycznego odesłania do nowelizacji wrześniowej z 2013 roku, która zapoczątkowała byt w kodeksie postępowania karnego art. 168a k.p.k.; ma to na celu wyciągnięcie przed nawias cech charakterystycznych dla tej instytucji.

W opracowaniu wyrażono stanowisko aprobujące wprowadzenie do procesu karnego dowodów contra legem w celu realizacji zasady prawdy materialnej, niepojmowanej jako nadrzędna wobec pozostałych. Zdaniem autorki dotarcie do tak rozumianej prawdy może umożliwić zaproponowane rozumienie spójnika odpowiedzialnego za wystąpienie dwóch norm na gruncie jednego przepisu. Przy wskazanym zabiegu konieczne jest posłużenie się dorobkiem doktryny, który będzie stanowić tak zwany wentyl bezpieczeństwa wobec najpoważniejszych naruszeń związanych z ryzykiem wprowadzenia dowodów nielegalnych do procesu karnego.
The Role of Biobanks in the Fight against COVID-19 Pandemic: The Portuguese Response
Authors: Abdulghani Saba , Afonso Ângela , Castillo Mireia , Martín-Fernández Javier , Franco Inês , Parreira Bruna , Couto Ana , Bruges-Armas Jácome , Rodrigues Ana Maria , Gonçalves Ana , Dias Alexandre , Toader Ionela , Lopes Andreia , Faria Cláudia , Marques Fernanda , Sousa João Carlos , Silvestre Ricardo , Pereira Paulo , Correia Manuel , Maia Luís , Canhão Helena , Dias Sérgio
Published: May 2022

N/a.
Combining oncolytic virus and radiation therapy for cancer management
Authors: Jayalie Vito Filbert , Sekarutami Sri Mutya
Published: May 2022

Cancer has caused a tremendous burden in developing countries. Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an emerging modality with the potential to be a single or combination agent with radiation therapy (RT). Following entry of OV to the cell, OV will replicate and assemble before exiting from tumor cells. Construction of OV can be done by modifying the capsid, genome, and chemical material of viruses. Irradiation will induce double-strand breaks, and further integration of OV with DNA damage response pathway will interact with the MRE11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex to regulate the mobilization of E4 open reading frame 6, protein phosphatase 2A, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, apoptosis-inducing factor, and topoisomerase-IIβ-binding protein 1. Degradation of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits via human simplex virus-1-infected cell polypeptide 0 will inhibit DNA repair. OV and RT have a synergistic interaction to cause viral oncolysis and upregulation of immune response. In the clinical setting, most studies have demonstrated that OV is a safe treatment with less toxicity. Moreover, OV + RT resulted in longer median survival (62.4 vs. 37.7 weeks) in malignant glioma.
Metabolism and cancer-select topics
Authors: Lonardo Fulvio , Ballouk Casem
Published: May 2022

Metabolism and cancer intersect in multiple ways. Cancer has unique metabolic properties, including an inordinate reliance on anaerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). From an evolutionary standpoint, increased cancer incidence is associated with increased metabolic rates across species. Epidemiological data prove that a group of overlapping metabolic alterations, including obesity, type II Diabetes Mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and metabolic syndrome, constitute predisposing risk factors for cancer development in multiple anatomical sites. The molecular pathways underpinning this association involve hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, sex hormones, adipokines, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered immune response.
How Risky if China Moves Away from Its Zero-COVID Policy?
Authors: Chen Ji-Ming , Li Guo-Hui , Ji Yu-Fei , Sun Ming-Hui , Gong Huan-Yu , Chen Rui-Xu , Chen Ji-Wang
Published: May 2022

There are two contrary opinions regarding the risk if mainland China (MC) moves away from its zero-COVID policy. Some experts think the risk shall be much lower than influenza as per MC’s own COVID-19 case fatality rate (CFR), while some other experts think the risk shall be much higher than influenza as per the COVID-19 CFRs of other regions. We elucidate here that this and multiple other striking differences in the CFR between various scenarios all support and substantially resulted from the view that good IDM is highly powerful to mitigate COVID-19, where IDM (isolation-disinfection-maintenance) means isolation of COVID-19 cases from other people, disinfection of their living environments, and health maintenance (e.g., rest, nutrition, breathing). The high effect of good IDM is also supported by the theoretic functions of IDM in minimizing co-infections and maintaining body functions, and the fact that all the 505 COVID-19 deaths reported in MC in 2022 before May 5 died directly of severe underlying diseases with COVID-19. Although it is tough for people in poverty to obtain good IDM, good IDM can be feasible at home for the most mild cases and in hospitals for the most severe cases. Therefore, good IDM can be crucial to mitigating COVID-19 worldwide. It also suggests that the risk for China to end its zero-COVID policy depends on China’s control policies or measures. Based on the effect of IDM, the cautious co-existence policy was proposed for COVID-19 control. This policy could reduce the whole death toll in MC because good IDM is non-specific and can reduce deaths of various other diseases. The cautious co-existence policy (non-specific) and the vaccination policy (specific) aid each other to mitigate COVID-19, and they cannot replace each other. Those who are qualified in health for vaccination should be vaccinated against COVID-19 timely.
Digitalisation Affecting Sustainability Evidence from the European Union
Authors: Burinskienė Aurelija , Seržantė Milena
Published: May 2022

Digitalisation provides access to an integrated network of information that can benefit society, and business. Building digital network and society using digital means can create something unique opportunities to strategically address sustainable development challenges for the United Nations Targets (SDG) to ensure higher productivity, education and to equality oriented society. This point of view describes the potential of digitalisation for society and business of the future. The authors revise the links between digitalisation and sustainability in the European Union countries. The methodology for the research is suggested in the paper and linear regression method is applied. The results showed tiers with five SDG, focusing on society and business, and all these tiers are fixed in the constructed equations for each SDG. The suggested solution is statistically valid and proves the novelty of research. Among digitalisation indicators, only mobile-cellular subscriptions and fixed-broadband sub-basket prices in part have no effect on researched sustainable development indicators.
Phytochemical and Biological Aspects of Zephyranthes citrina Baker: A Mini-Review
Authors: Biswas Indrani , Paul Dipak
Published: May 2022

Zephyranthes citrina Baker is a bulbous herb, commonly known as yellow rain lily belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. It is a native of tropical and subtropical America but nowadays it is cultivated as a popular ornamental herb in several parts of the world including India. This herb represents one of the richest sources of phytochemicals, especially alkaloids and possesses great potential for pharmaceutical applications. It shows remarkable antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, anti-Alzheimer, cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and dye removal activities. This review is an effort to give a detailed study of the literature on the biological activities of Zephyranthes citrina. This review concludes that Zephyranthes citrina has a great potential to treat various diseases and could be used as a source for novel healthcare products in the near future, which requires further experimentation.
Algebraic Treatments of a General Linear Model With Adding-up Restrictions
Authors: Tian Yongge
Published: May 2022

In this note, we provide some effective treatments of a general linear model with adding-up restrictions via algebraic operations of given vectors and matrices in the model, including analytic expressions of the well-known ordinary least-squares estimator (OLSE) and the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) of the unknown parameters in the model.
Hydrogeological Characterization and Statistical Analysis for Ogallala Aquifer in the Southern High Plains Region, USA
Authors: Heo Joonghyeok , Haskel Derek , Dong Chao
Published: May 2022

The purposes of this study are to analyze the groundwater quality of Ogallala Aquifer and evaluate the hydrological characteristics in the southern High Plains region of the Permian Basin, Texas. Levels of chloride, fluoride, nitrate, pH, selenium, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were analyzed through the years 1990-2016. A total of 133 wells were collected from the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) which is an open database by the US government. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the groundwater quality and propose trends. The average levels of the contaminants were compared to their respective Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL) by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Potential human health risks that each contaminant possesses were described. Possible sources of each contaminant were discussed with oil/gas activities, agricultural practices, and other human actions impact its conditions. This research provides important information for groundwater quality of Ogallala aquifer and contributes on understanding the response to development in the Permian Basin, Texas.
Benefits of Insoles with Real-Time Alert and Foot Self-Care Education in Improving Offloading and Adherence to Prescribed Footwear in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Study Protocol for a Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mbue Ngozi D. , Wang Wanyi , Najafi Bijan
Published: May 2022

Background
Unprotected plantar pressure contributes to the development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in people with diabetes and loss of plantar sensation. Recently, smart footwear device is proposed to empower patients at risk in avoiding harmful weight-bearing physical activities such as prolonged standing which may lead to local plantar ischemia and ultimately a DFU. However, there is little progress in the education of at-risk to be engaged in daily using of these smart footwear devices as well as adherence to diabetic footwear. The aim of this study is to examine whether an integration of smart insoles with an alert (smart watch) and foot self-care education may sustain adherence to prescribed footwear and change patients’ behavior to avoid harmful physical activities such as prolonged standing posture.
Methods/design
: The trial is designed as a three-arm randomized controlled intervention study. Adults with peripheral neuropathy will be recruited. Seventy-two participants will be randomized into three groups: 1) smart insoles + foot self-care education; 2) smart insoles; and 3) usual-care controls with no smart insoles or education. Primary outcomes will be adherence to diabetic footwear and offloading after 6 months. Secondary outcomes are foot self-care knowledge and self-efficacy, reduction of sustained plantar pressure, incident of DFU, acceptability, and perception of benefits of intervention. Data collection will be obtained at baseline, bi-weekly in first month, two, four and six months. Latent growth curve mediation model will be used to test the effects of the combined smart insole and foot self-care education on improving adherence to footwear at every two months until six months, in which time points will be used as repeated measures. It allows for testing differences between groups in patterns over time as well as at specific time points. The Institutional Review Board at the Texas Woman’s University (Reference No. has approved the study protocol FY2021-344).
Discussion
This clinical trial will provide information on the importance of foot self-care education and the use of technology (smart insole plus smart watch) in reducing the incidence of foot ulcers and increase adherence to diabetic footwear. This research could also lead to critical mechanistic discoveries and, subsequently, major advancements in prevention of DFU and limb amputation. This impact would have high potential for translation to routine clinical diabetes care.
Trial registration
: United States Clinical Trial Registry NCT05074849. Registered on 29 September 2021.
Acute Renal Failure due to Molnupiravire
Authors: YÜCEL HASAN ESAT
Published: May 2022

Molnipiravir is a promising RNA-Dependent RNA-Polymerase enzyme inhibitor that has started to be used in the treatment of SARS-COV-2. I present the first case who was infected with the Omicron variant and developed acute renal failure due to the use of molnipiravir.67 Year-old male patient with the diagnosis of hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease developed severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea with the use of drugs. In the patient's examinations, severe deterioration in kidney functions occurred. The patient who developed acute tubular necrosis was taken to hemodialysis twice. IV hydration and supportive treatments were started. In the follow-up, clinical and renal functions improved. In patients over 65 years of age and with comorbidities, the adverse effects of molnipiravir should be considered and followed closely.
Microstructure evolution of three-roll skew-rolling formed hollow axles with uniform wall thickness.
Authors: Shu Chang , Zhang Song , Bidare Prveen , Essa Khamis , Abdel-Wahab Adel , Shu Xuedao , Pater Zbigniew , Bartnicki Jaroslaw
Published: May 2022

The uniform thickness hollow axle is one of the lightest weight axles in the high-speed rail industry. It can effectively reduce unsprung mass and further improve the train speed. Therefore, due to its importance and significance, it is crucial to research and develop the uniform thickness hollow axle. To understand the microstructural evolution during three-roll skew-rolling (TRSR) forming, 30CrMoA alloy steel was used in this study. A constitutive model of 30CrMoA was established by SIMUFACT FORMING finite element software and utilized to simulate the deformation, heat transfer, and microstructure coupling during TRSR. Via analyzing the influence of process parameters on the average grain size, the microstructural evolution of the forming part at each deformation stage is revealed. The result shows that the dynamic recrystallization of the rolled piece produces a fine and uniform grain structure during the forming process. The refinement level is enhanced with the increase of the radial compression; the grain size is gradually increased from the outer surface to the inner surface of the rolled piece. At a higher rolling temperature, it was found the initial grain size and final average grain size were larger compared to the lower temperature. By increasing the axial traction speed, not only can the rolling time be shortened, but also the appearance of coarse grains can be avoided. Therefore, the mechanical properties can be improved.
Behçet’s disease in Wales: an epidemiological description of national surveillance data
Authors: Ashman Annie , Tucker David , Williams Ceri , Davies Llion
Published: May 2022

Objectives:Behçet’s disease is a rare, chronic, incurable, multisystemic disease. It causes significant morbidity, with patients experiencing symptoms including mucous membrane ulcers, and joint pain and swelling. The aetiology is unknown.The aims were to identify population prevalence of Behçet’s disease in Wales, and provide an epidemiological profile of a case series of adult patients. This is the first analysis of data from the Adult Rare Diseases Surveillance Registry for Wales, established in 2020 as part of the COVID-19 pandemic response.Results:Between 1995 and 2020, 347 adults and 5 children were recorded in Wales with a diagnosis of Behçet’s disease. Population prevalence was calculated as 11.1 per 100,000 population. Of the adult cases, 76.9% were female, and 6.6% died before the end of the study period.When comparing genders, there were no statistically significant differences in age at diagnosis, mortality or socioeconomic status. There was no evidence that the age at which cases were diagnosed had changed over time.Survival analyses showed no significant differences in durations of survival between genders or individuals residing in different WIMD 2019 quintiles. Age at diagnosis was the only factor significantly and independently associated with poorer durations of survival (p <0.001).
Mechanism of Cornin in Preventing Astrocyte Autophagy Induced by Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Lan Tianchi , Xu Yangyang , Li Shucui , Li Ning , Zhang Shuping , Zhu Haibo
Published: May 2022

Background: Cornin is an iridoid glycoside isolated from the fruit of Verbena officinalis L, which has antioxidant activities and anti-ischemic effects. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of astrocytes autophagy induced by cerebral ischemia is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cornin against astrocytes autophagy induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury in vitro and in vivo and its potential mechanism. Methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in U87 cells as a cerebral ischemia injury model in vivo and in vitro. Autophagy related protein, PI3K inhibitor LY294002, mTOR siRNA were used to evaluated the potential mechanism of cornin in autophagy.Results: The results demonstrated that cornin significantly reduced the cerebral infarction volume and blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and improved neurological recovery in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats. Cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels were significantly decreased, while Bcl-2 and the apoptosis regulator ratio (Bcl-2/Bax) were markedly increased when treated with 2.5-10 mg/kg cornin. The obvious decreased expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3-II and increased of p62, phosphorylated protein kinase mTOR (p-mTOR), and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were observed in MCAO rats treated with 2.5-10 mg/kg cornin, which was reversed by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. In addition, cornin significantly increased NeuN and decreased GFAP, LC3-II, and Beclin-1 expression. The expression of autophagy-related proteins presented the same results as in vivo in oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in U87 cells. However, PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and mTOR siRNA reversed this result. Conclusions: These results indicate that cornin improved neurological recovery after cerebral ischemia injury by preventing astrocytes autophagy induced by CI/R via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis in 3D FLAIR MRI using Deep Learning Network
Authors: DACHRAOUI Chaima , MOUELHI Aymen , MOSBEH Amine , SLITI Wassim , DRISSI Cyrine , SOLAIMAN Basel , LABIDI Salam
Published: May 2022

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. It is characterized by the appearance of inflamed lesions. The diagnosis, as well as the prognosis of these lesions, are considered as tedious tasks and time consuming. The objective of this paper is to propose an automated method allowing to assist and detect MS lesions in 3D MRI acquisition. A deep learning network based on the Detectron-2 model has been used. The proposed model involves three main steps: preprocessing, feature extraction and MS detection. A database of 4500 images was acquired from the National Institute of Neurology Mongi Ben Hmida of Tunisia and was preprocessed in order to train the model. In the prognosis stage, chaotic features extracted from the segmented lesions are used in order to define pertinent clinical characteristics that will help neurologists to predict lesions progression in the majority of complicated cases. In the diagnosis stage, the proposed deep model achieves an average detection accuracy of 98% by evaluating the result on healthy and pathological images. Automatic segmentation results show that our proposed method has the ability to segment MS lesions with an average accuracy of 96.4%.