bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI LIVI (LEARN INDONESIAN WITH SELVI) BERBASIS ANDROID SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN EJAAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Selvia Parwati
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan aplikasi LiVi (Learn Indonesian with Selvi) untuk membantu dalam pembelajaran PUEBI. Aplikasi LiVi ialah aplikasi berbasis android yang mengajarkan tentang PUEBI dengan menyuguhkan ringkasan materi, video pembelajaran, salindia materi, dan evaluasi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Research & Development (R&D) yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk tertentu dan pengambilan angket untuk uji coba kelompok kecil. Angket untuk sampel penelitian ialah 12 orang mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia semester 3 UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Proses pembuatan aplikasi LiVi sebelumnya diadakan analisis kebutuhan yang dilaksanakan melalui kuis atau tanya jawab melalui aplikasi Instagram seputar pengetahuan mengenai PUEBI dan hasilnya banyak responden yang belum mumpuni pengetahuannya tentang PUEBI. Hasil penelitian dalam uji coba kelompok kecil menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi LiVi memperoleh rerata skor 4,82 dan mengacu pada tabel konversi nilai, aplikasi LiVi sangat baik untuk digunakan dalam membantu memahami PUEBI yang belum banyak diajarkan dalam ranah akademik. Aplikasi LiVi dinilai mampu untuk menjadi media pembelajaran yang inovatif untuk mengajarkan PUEBI dengan kemasan yang lebih menarik dan tidak membosankan.
CERITA PENDEK PELAJARAN MENGARANG KARYA SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA: KAJIAN STRUKTURALISME TODOROV
Authors: Agustina Lusiana , Nugroho Yusro Edy , Nuryatin Agus
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aspek sintaksis, aspek semantik, 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aspek sintaksis, aspek semantik, dan aspek verbal berdasarkan teori strukturalisme Tzvetan Todorov dalam cerita pendek Pelajaran Mengarang karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma. Namun, penelitian ini pada aspek sintaksis berfokus pada alur dan pengaluran (sekuen), aspek semantik berfokus pada tokoh dalam cerita, dan aspek verbal berfokus pada sudut pandang (point of view) yang berkaitan dengan kategori modus. Pendekatan teoretis yang digunakan yakni pendekatan strukturalisme Todorov. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa wacana cerita pendek Pelajaran Mengarang karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma. Sumber data penelitian berupa cerita pendek Pelajaran Mengarang karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma yang dimuat dalam harian Kompas, pada 5 Januari 1992 dan terpilih sebagai cerpen Pilihan Kompas 1993. Instrumen penelitian berupa human instrument. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik heuristik dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data berupa teknik hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian memaparkan bahwa, cerpen Pelajaran Mengarang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengkaji karya sastra dengan pendekatan Strukturalisme Tzvetan Todorov. pada aspek sintaksis urutan peristiwa secara kronologi ditemukan 10 sekuen sebagai unit naratif, pada aspek semantik tokoh utama adalah Sandra dan tokoh tambahan terdiri atas banyak tokoh yang berguna untuk memperkuat karakter tokoh utama dalam cerita, dan pada aspek verba pengarang menggunakan pencerita luar dari segi kehadiran pemandangan dan menggunakan wicara yang dialihkan atau analitik (discours transpose) serta wicara yang dilaporkan (discours rapporte) dalam cerita.
MITISISME DALAM KUMPULAN CERITA KISAH TANAH JAWA
Authors: Anggraini Amelia Dwi , Raharjo Resdianto Permata
Published: January 2023

Kumpulan cerita Kisah Tanah Jawa yang ditulis oleh Mada Zidan, Bonaventura D. Genta, dan Hari Hao merupakan sebuah karya sastra yang bernuansa mistis. Kejadian mistik dalam buku ini bermacam-macam dan  hampir semua hal mistik yang ada berkaitan dengan makhluk gaib Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskrpsikan unsur mistik yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerita Kisah Tanah Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah analisis dokumen. Untuk uji validitas data digunakan teknik triangulasi teori, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan model analisis mengalir. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya unsur-unsur mistik yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen Kisah Tanah Jawa, yaitu penggunaan Tumbal dalam proses pembangunan proyek, penggunaan penglaris dalam berjualan, adanya ritual pesugihan, adanya kekuatan ilmu pellet, dan digunakannya unsur kejawen. Kelima unsur mistik tersebut merupakan peristiwa mistik yang ada di luar nalar manusia atau tidak bisa diterima oleh akal sehat manusia. 
DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES TO INCREASE RELIABILITY TURBOCHARGER BEARING UNIT AUTOTRACTOR DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Trynov A.V. , Sivykh D.G.
Published: January 2023

To increase the reliability of small turbochargers, in particular the bearing unit, it is proposed to use in the automatic mode of local cooling of the bearing with compressed air. The design of the turbocharger with the central case which houses the bearing and to which engine oil from the engine lubrication system is brought under excess pressure is considered. This design is the most common among turbochargers of tractor engines. Forced engine modes can be critical for the bearing, accompanied by fluctuations in the exhaust gas temperature, for example, due to an uncontrolled increase in cyclic supply, a sharp increase in load. Such modes lead to an increase in temperature deformations of the turbine wheel, rotor, reduce the reliability of the turbocharger. Heat dissipation from the rotor through the bearing assembly into the lubrication system is insufficient, additional short-term local cooling is required. The study simulated heat transfer processes in the bearing assembly of a small turbocharger using the developed mathematical model based on the finite element method. To clarify the model, namely the boundary conditions of the thermal conductivity problem, a series of non-motorized experiments with a locally cooled bearing were performed. In the course of non-motorized experiments, the algorithm of the automatic control system operation was worked out, some of its structural elements were selected and tested in practice. Conducted non-motorized experiments and the results of mathematical modeling confirmed the effectiveness of using the system of automatic local cooling of the bearing assembly. These measures increase the reliability of small turbochargers.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE PASSENGER CAR SERIES HYBRID POWER PLAN
Authors: Osetrov О. О. , Kravchenko S.S. , Chuchumenko B. S.
Published: January 2023

The use of hybrid power plants in road transport can significantly improve driving dynamics and driving comfort, reduce its operating fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances with exhaust gases. Due to the large number of used cars with internal combustion engines (ICE) in Ukraine, it is of interest to convert them into a hybrid power drive. However, the analysis of the literature revealed extremely limited information about the work in this direction. The paper proposes a method for selecting the parameters of elements of a series hybrid power drive based on a used Chevrolet Lacetti car. The technique is based on the use of mathematical models of the working process of the internal combustion engine, the dynamics of the acceleration of the car, the determination of the parameters of the series hybrid power plant in the modes of the European NEDC test cycle. Using the developed mathematical models, the rated power of the traction electric motor is 86 kW, the nominal and maximum rotational speed of its shaft, respectively, are 1860 and 7000 min-1. It is shown that the car will accelerate to 100 km/h in 11.4 seconds, which fully satisfies the conditions of comfortable driving in urban conditions. As part of a hybrid power plant, the internal combustion engine operates in one mode. The paper substantiates the choice of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine, where it has the best fuel efficiency. At the same time, its power is 34 kW, and the crankshaft speed is 2200 min-1. Accordingly, the power of the current generator will be 30 kW at a shaft speed of 2200 min-1. The paper analyzes the influence of the battery capacity, the presence of braking energy recuperation, the operating range of battery capacity change on the average operating fuel consumption of internal combustion engines. It is shown that an increase in the battery capacity, the presence of recuperation, and the expansion of the operating range of changes in the battery capacity lead to an improvement in the operational fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine. Based on the results of computational studies, the maximum battery capacity of 1.3 kWh was selected; the operating range of capacity change was 0.8 kWh. The use of elements with such parameters will ensure the average operating fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine is 6.5 l/100 km, and with the recovery of braking energy - 6 l/100 km.
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Marchenko A.P. , Parsadanov I.V. , Strokov O.P.
Published: January 2023

Solution of energy and environmental problems is one of the main tasks of modern times. This paper points out the role of internal combustion engines, especially diesel engines, in the global energy sector and specifically in road transport, consumption of natural resources, negative impact on the environment and global warming. The directions for further improving the efficiency of diesel engines and power plants in road transport are given. These directions are related to the implementation of existing reserves to improve engine efficiency, design, manufacturability, environmental performance and the use of alternative fuels. The leading role of the internal combustion engine as a power plant for vehicles will be complemented in the future by the increased use of hybrid plants consisting of a diesel engine, electric generator, drive motors, energy storage, microprocessor control and optimum control systems. Hybrid plants will be used in passenger transport for urban and intercity haulage, to be installed on private vehicles. When adapted to hybrid plants transmissions, the concept of diesel engine improvement will change in the direction of providing higher operating efficiencies, economic and environmental performance in high boost modes while simplifying its design.
IMPROVMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE TWO-STROKE DIESEL DURING OPERATION
Authors: Yeryganov O.V. , Kyrnats V.I , Brusnik R.O. , Glebov V.S. , Goncharenko P.A. , Holdenko V.I.
Published: January 2023

The development of world shipping is taking place in the context of ever-increasing requirements to reduce the concentrations of toxic components of gaseous combustion products of hydrocarbon fuels. Concentration limits for these substances are regulated in accordance with Appendix VI of the MARPOL 73/78 Convention. Among the controlled components of diesel exhaust gases, nitrogen oxides are the most dangerous for humans and environment. However, a decrease in the content of nitrogen oxides is inevitably associated with limitations on the maximum cycle temperature, that is, thermal efficiency, and hence with a deterioration in the fuel efficiency of the engine. At the moment, in order to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides by large transport diesel engines, the most widely used is the recirculation of exhaust gases into the air receiver. A significant disadvantage of using this scheme is the need for cooling the exhaust gases and their additional purification, which leads to an increase in the weight and size characteristics of the system and to its rise in price. Therefore, to reduce its cost, it seems logical to combine exhaust gas recirculation with other ways to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. For engines in operation, one of these methods is to change the angle of fuel injection. It can be assumed that the later the fuel is injected into the cylinder, the lower the temperature of the air charge will be and, accordingly, the lower the maximum combustion temperature, and hence the amount of nitrogen oxides. The calculation of nitrogen oxide emissions was simulated for the main engine MAN-B&W 7S50MC-C installed on the vessel "LILA SHANGHAI". Initially, the model created using the AVL-BOOST package was verified based on the available indexing results. After verification, the calculation of emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx was made with a variation in the angle of the start of fuel combustion at the nominal mode. The composition of the gases in the receiver was taken unchanged. As the fuel combustion start angle shifted further from the TDC, deterioration in fuel efficiency and a drop in cylinder power were observed, while reducing the mass of emitted nitrogen oxides NOx. However, it can be said that the environmental friendliness of an engine improves much faster than its fuel and power characteristics deteriorate. The above calculations show that for engines already in operation, changing the fuel injection angle makes it possible to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Therefore, this approach can be combined without much difficulty with other methods, thus reducing the cost of environmental improvement of the engine.
Multicultural Islamic Education in Indonesia: The Urgency Value of Model and Method
Authors: Ulfa Ulfa , C.H. Mufidah , Susilawati Samsul , Barizi Ahmad
Published: January 2023

The academic problems in this research study are multicultural Islamic education, which begins from academic anxiety that multicultural Islamic education development has not been implemented optimally. It is because Islamic education is often impressed as an education social fabrication system that is dogmatic, doctrinal, monolithic, and does not have a multicultural perspective. Meanwhile, the fact is that the position of Islamic education in developing dialogue with the community is very strategic since the fundamental of Islamic education is rahmatan lil 'alamiin, which can hold various aspects of life. It is a literature qualitative research with a documentary review and data analysis which uses three plots of activities that occur simultaneously, that are data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, or verification. The findings of this study include the theoretical level of the conceptualization of multicultural education by synthesizing western thoughts to be led to a map of Islamic thought, so as to produce methods, values, and the urgency of multicultural education on the basis of Islamic theology. Namely unity in the divine aspect and its message (revelation), prophetic unity, no compulsion in religion, and recognition of the existence of other religions. This research also found the essence of multiculturalism as a frame model for Islamic education, as well as the appropriate multicultural Islamic education method to be applied in Indonesia. These values include: unity of humankind, competition in good works, forgiveness toward humankind, living together, equality/egilitarianism, mutual understanding, mutual respect, trust, positive thinking, tolerance, and non-violence. The implications of the results of this research are to provide recommendations that the reconstruction of the multicultural Islamic education model is related to the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims by using learning theory that is relevant to the dynamics of the times and the diversification of religious communities in Indonesia.
Characteristics of Ground Pressure Disaster and Rockburst Proneness in Deep Gold Mine
Authors: Xiao Peng , Liu Huanxin , Zhao Guoyan
Published: January 2023

To obtain rockburst characteristics at rock engineering, the rockburst event, in situ stress characteristics, and rockburst proneness are studied in a deep gold mine. The severity of rockburst increases with cover depth at the mine. The main locations of spalling and rockburst events include roof and sidewall. The in situ stress measurement results show this area that is controlled by horizontal constructional pressure, and the self-weight stress also has an important influence. The rockburst mechanism is analyzed from the principal stress and tangential stress. When the maximum tangential stress (MTS) does not exceed 0.4 times UCS of surrounding rock, no obvious disaster in tunnel is found. When the MTS of tunnel is between about 0.4 ~ 0.55 times UCS of rock, the tunnel may suffer spalling. When the MTS of tunnel exceeds 0.55 times UCS of rock, serious failure may occur in tunnel, such as rockburst and large roof collapse. When surrounding rock is relatively hard and complete (high impact energy index, elastic strain energy index, linear elastic energy index, and RQD index), the tangential stress plays a very important role in the rockburst at the mine.
Вполне-определённые логики
Authors: Горбунов Игорь
Published: January 2023

Обычно (особенно в рамках учебных курсов логики) теорема о дедукции воспринимается как техническое средство, облегчающее построение выводов в данной логике. При этом обходится вниманием тот факт, что если для логики верна теорема о дедукции для некоторого множества формул, то это дает новые возможности при задании отношения логического следования данной логики. При некоторых условиях, используя теорему о дедукции, вопрос о принадлежности секвенции к отношению логического следования можно свести к вопросу о принадлежности формул некоторого вида ко множеству тавтологий. Таким образом, множество тавтологий логики, обладающей дедуктивным свойством, полностью определяет саму логику. Такие логики получили в работах Р. Вуйцицкого название $\textit{вполне-определенных}$ логик (well-determined logic). Он же отметил, что для того, чтобы логика была вполне-определенной, в некоторых случаях достаточно, чтобы для логики был верен слабый вариант теоремы о дедукции (о выводимости из формулы). Заметим, что интерес к вполне-определенным логикам, в частности, связан с тем, что для их семантического задания достаточно полной семантики, а требование сильной полноты не обязательно.

Множества формул, которые позволяют задать отношение стандартного логического следования, исследуя вопрос о принадлежности к этому множеству некоторых импликаций, были названыР. Вуйцицким $\textit{импликационными системами}$ (entailment system) или $\textit{дедуктивными множествами}$. При этом понятия вполне-определенной логики и дедуктивного множества рассматривались Р. Вуйцицким для логик в языках, содержащих конъюнкцию и импликацию.

В нашей работе множества формул, которые позволяют задать отношение логического следования формулы из формулы, получили название $\textit{ слабодедуктивных множеств}$. Найден критерий слабой дедуктивности. Построена минимальная слабодедуктивная логика в языке, в котором импликация является единственной связкой.

Кроме того, понятия вполне-определенной логики и дедуктивного множества были расширены на языки, которые могут и не содержать конъюнкцию. Найден критерий дедуктивности множеств в таких языках. В языке, единственной связкой которого является импликация, построена минимальная вполне-определенная логика. Доказано, что теорема о дедукции не верна для этой логики.
Field-Scale Modeling of Interwell Tracer Flow Behavior to Characterize Complex Fracture Networks Based on the Embedded Discrete Fracture Model in a Naturally Fractured Reservoir
Authors: Liu Jinju , Jiang Liwu , Liu Tongjing , Yang Daoyong
Published: January 2023

In a naturally fractured reservoir, natural fractures can not only provide main paths for fluid flow and increase its permeability but also complicate flow behavior and production performance. Interwell tracer tests have been widely applied to estimate the petrophysical properties; however, limited attempts have been made to accurately identify the natural fracture networks. In this study, the newly proposed numerical models have been verified and used to characterize the fracture distributions in a naturally fractured reservoir conditioned to tracer transport behavior. The stochastic fracture modeling approach is implemented to generate the randomly distributed natural fractures which are dealt with the embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) while ensuring its sufficient accuracy. To be specific, the matrix domain is discretized using the structured grids, within which each embedded fracture is divided into a series of segments. Subsequently, nonneighboring connections (NNCs) allow us to couple the flow of fluid and tracer between the nonneighboring grid cells, while the historical tracer profiles are matched to delineate the geometry and properties of the fractures by taking multiple tracer transport mechanisms into account.

Furthermore, the influences of fracture number, fracture length, fracture orientation, and tracer dispersion on the tracer production concentration have been investigated through sensitivity analysis. The response of an interwell tracer model is sensitive to the fracture parameters rather than tracer properties. A fracture network with its orientation parallel to the mainstream direction will cause the earliest tracer breakthrough. The tracer breakthrough time with an average fracture length of 40 m is 110 days earlier than that with a mean fracture length value of 10 m, while the tracer production peak concentration for the former is nearly two times higher than for the latter. A larger fracture number results in an earlier tracer breakthrough, and an intermediate fracture number will lead to the highest tracer production concentration.

Additionally, the newly developed model has been validated through its comparison with the commercial ECLIPSE simulator and then extended to field applications to identify the possible fracture distributions by simulating multiwell tracer tests in the Midale field. The flexible and pragmatic EDFM-based method developed in this study can model the interwell tracer flow behavior as well as characterize the properties and geometries of the natural fractures with better accuracy and calculation efficiency in comparison with other fracture simulation methods (e.g., local grid refinement method).
Optimization of Real-time Dynamic Cargo Stowage at Highway Freight Stations
Authors: Zhang He , Song Jiani , Guo Shanshan , Wu Bingran
Published: January 2023

The stowage process of highway freight vehicles is a key link in Intelligent Logistics Transportation System. This paper is based on vehicle prediction to achieve the arrival time and the quantity of cargo-laden vehicles at freight stations, and adjust the stowage plan in real time to achieve dynamic cargo stowage. In the establishment of real-time dynamic stowage model, the truck arrival and departure time window and truck stay time constraints at the station are added. The purpose is to reduce the impact on the successive truck stowage. Then, the method combining genetic and simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the model with the help of Matlab platform. The results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the delay time of trucks at the freight station, improve the operation efficiency of the freight station, and at the same time visualize the stowage results. Finally, through the comparison of dynamic and static stowage, it can be concluded that dynamic stowage is more realistic and reduces the waste of related resources at the freight station and reduces the operation cost.
One-component delocalized nonlinear vibrational modes of square lattices
Authors: Ryabov Denis S. , Chechin G. M. , Naumov E. K. , Bebikhov Yu. V. , Korznikova E. A. , Dmitriev Sergey V.
Published: January 2023

All possible one-component delocalized nonlinear vibrational modes (DNVMs) in a square lattice are analyzed. DNVMs are obtained taking into account exclusively the symmetry of a square lattice, and therefore they exist regardless of the type of interactions between particles. In this work, the interactions of the nearest and next nearest neighbors are described by the $\beta$-FPUT potential. For each DNVM, frequency, kinetic and potential energies are described as functions of amplitude. The mechanical stresses caused by DNVMs and the effect of DNVMs on the stiffness constants of the lattice are presented. DNVMs with higher vibration frequencies have a stronger effect on the mechanical properties of the lattice. Examples of analytical analysis of DNVMs are given. It is found that two of the sixteen one-component DNVMs can have frequencies above the phonon band in the entire range of their amplitudes. It is shown that these DNVMs can be used to construct discrete breathers by applying localizing functions. The modulational instability of these two DNVMs leads to the formation of chaotic DBs. The presented results contribute to a better understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of a square lattice by analyzing the properties of a class of delocalized exact solutions and demonstrating their connection with discrete breathers.
PACS numbers: 05.45.Yv, 63.20.-e
A network pharmacology approach and validation experiments to investigate the mechanism of the Chinese medicine Wen-Dan decoction in the treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis
Authors: Qi Baochuang , Li Chuan , Wu Yipeng , Xu Yongqing , Wang Yi , Li Mingjun , Shi Xiangwen , Lv Qian , Pu Luqiao , Fan Xinyu
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The present work studied the mechanism of action of Wen-Dan decoction
in treating steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head (SINFH) via network
pharmacology and in vivo experiments.
Methods: The active compounds of Wen-Dan decoction and SINFH-related target
genes were identified through public databases. Based on the results, further network
pharmacological analysis was conducted to explore the potential key active
compounds, core targets and biological processes of Wen-Dan decoction in SINFH.
Subsequently, the potential mechanisms of action of Wen-Dan decoction in the
treatment of SINFH obtained by network pharmacology analyses were validated
through in vivo experiments.
Results: A total of 608 DEGs (230 upregulated and 378 downregulated) in SINFH
were identified. A GO functional enrichment analysis revealed that the SINFH-related
genes were mainly involved in neutrophil activation and the immune response, and a
KEGG pathway analysis showed that the SINFH-related genes were mainly
associated with cytokine receptor interactions, lipids and atherosclerosis, and
tuberculosis. In addition, a total of 147 active ingredients of Wen-Dan decoction were
identified; of these, the core ingredient was quercetin, and licorice was an active
ingredient. Moreover, 277 target genes in the treatment of SINFH with Wen-Dan
decoction were identified, and NCF1, PTGS2, and RUNX2 were selected as core
target genes. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) assay of
peripheral blood from SINFH patients and control individuals showed that the
patients exhibited highest levels of PGTS2 and NCF1 in blood. The qRT–PCR
analysis of peripheral blood and femoral bone tissue from a mouse model of SINFH
and control mice treated with quercetin showed that the PGTS2 and NCF1 levels
revealed lower levels in the experimental animals compared with the controls, which
was consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results. HE staining,
immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining confirmed significant improvement in
hormone-induced femoral head necrosis in the mice treated with quercetin.
Conclusions: This study provides new insights into the genes and related pathways
involved in SINFH and shows that PTGS2 and NCF1 could be used as potential drug
targets in SINFH. Quercetin could improve SINFH by promoting osteogenesis and
inhibiting apoptosis.
The association between non-clinically apparent liver fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension in Hispanic patients
Authors: Kalas M Ammar , Khatab Yacoub , Galura Gian , Alkhateeb Haider , Mukherjee Debabrata , Garcia Hernando , Zuckerman Marc , Nickel Nils
Published: January 2023

Background:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a deadly cardiopulmonary disease with multi-organ involvement including impaired liver function. Liver dysfunction in PAH is poorly understood but significantly associated with morbidity and mortality. Hispanics have a significantly higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and evidence of more advanced disease in comparison to other ethnic groups. The clinical impact of NAFLD in Hispanic PAH patients is unknown. We aimed to investigate the impact of a validated scoring system, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis (NFS) score, to predict the degree of liver fibrosis in a Hispanic PAH population and its relationship to hemodynamics, functional class, and outcomes.
Methods:
A retrospective review of all treatment naïve Hispanic patients with group I WHO pulmonary hypertension (PH) at a single academic center between February 2016 and March 2021 was performed. Patients with history of substance or alcohol abuse, non-group I WHO PH, pre-existent liver disease, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, thyroid disease, and warfarin use were excluded from the study. The diagnosis of group I WHO PH was determined by cardiac catheterization after the exclusion of other etiologies. NFS scores were calculated for each patient and correlated with functional capacity, hemodynamics, NT-proBNP, and survival.
Results:
A total of 96 Hispanic patients were included in our study. The median age of patients in our cohort was 49 (IQR 15) and 69% of our cohort were females. Higher NFS scores indicating advanced hepatic fibrosis (F3-F4) were found to correlate with elevated right-sided cardiac filling pressures, elevated levels of NT-proBNP, lower functional capacity, and worse 5-year survival rates.
Conclusion:
In Hispanic patients with PAH, NFS scores correlate with the degree of right sided pressure overload. In addition, advanced fibrosis scores were independently associated with lower 5-year survival rates and added prognostic information to other established risk parameters in PAH. This study suggests that screening for liver disease in this vulnerable patient population can aid in earlier detection and possible intervention, thus leading to potential improvement in survival rates.
Updated estimate of the breeding population of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) at Penguin Point, Marambio / Seymour Island within the proposed Weddell Sea Marine Protected Area
Authors: Perchivale Pablo J. , Juáres Mariana A. , Santos Mercedes M. , Marti Lucas J. , Silvestro Anahí , Coria Nestor R.
Published: January 2023

The Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)is an indicator species of the state of the Antarctic marine environment and this is reflected in the size of its reproductive populations. The mean number of breeding pairs of the Adélie penguin on Penguin Point, Marambio / Seymour Island (64° 18'S, 56° 43'W) east of the Antarctic Peninsula, in the Weddell Sea, increased by 32.4% (λ = 1.01) from 1985/1986 to 2014/2015. Although in intermediate counts, there were fluctuations in the number of couples.
Variations in Adélie penguin populations may be due to natural variables such as the extent of sea ice; quantity and quality of food; winter survival of adults and juveniles; predation; among others, or due to human activities such as commercial fishing. Our study attempts to contribute to the current estimates of the reproductive population of the Adélie penguin in the region and may also contribute to the negotiations for the implementation of the marine protected area proposed in the sector.
Needs and Expectations for Artificial Intelligence in Emergency Medicine According to Canadian Physicians
Authors: Eastwood Kyle W , May Ronald , Andreou Pantelis , Abidi Samina , Abidi Syed Sibte Raza , Loubani Osama
Published: January 2023

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is recognized by emergency physicians (EP) as an important technology that will affect clinical practice. Several AI-tools have already been developed to aid care delivery in emergency medicine (EM). However, many EM tools appear to have been developed without a cross-disciplinary needs assessment, making it difficult to understand their broader importance to general-practice. Clinician surveys about AI tools have been conducted within other medical specialties to help guide future design. This study aims to understand the needs of Canadian EP for the apt use of AI-based tools. Methods: A national cross-sectional, two-stage, mixed-method electronic survey of Canadian EP was conducted from January-May 2022. The survey includes demographic and physician practice-pattern data, clinicians’ current use and perceptions of AI, and individual rankings of which EM work-activities most benefit from AI. Results: The primary outcome is a ranked list of high-priority AI-tools for EM that physicians want translated into general use within the next 10 years. When ranking specific AI examples, ‘automated charting/report generation’, ‘clinical prediction rules’ and ‘monitoring vitals with early-warning detection’ were the top items. When ranking by physician work-activities, ‘AI-tools for documentation’, ‘AI-tools for computer use’ and ‘AI-tools for triaging patients’ were the top items. EP indicated either ‘a-great-deal’ (32.8%) or ‘quite-a-bit’ (39.7%) of potential for AI in EM, and EP were either ‘strongly’ (48.5%) or ‘somewhat’ (39.8%) interested in AI for EM. Conclusions: Including physician input in the design of AI is essential to ensure the uptake of this technology. This study will guide future directions regarding the use of AI for EM and help direct efforts to address prevailing technology-translation barriers such as access to high-quality application-specific data and developing reporting guidelines for specific AI-applications. With a prioritized list of high-need AI applications, decision-makers can develop focused strategies to address these larger obstacles.
Serum PBDEs exposure and influence factors in blood donors of Wuxi adults from 2013 to 2016
Authors: Chen Limei , Yin Qitao , Xu Lu , Hua Minyu , Zhang Zhen , Xu Yuqian , Xia Wei , Qian Huizhong , Hong Jun , Jin Jun
Published: January 2023

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as brominated flame retardants worldwide and are correlated with extensive environmental pollution and human health concerns. This study aims to analyze the concentrations of PBDEs and to evaluate their temporal trends among a population of blood donors over a four-year period. Nine PBDE congeners were quantified in serum samples by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC‒MS). The median concentrations of Σ9PBDEs in each year were 33.46, 29.75, 30.85 and 35.02 ng/g lipid, respectively. Most of the PBDE congeners showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2014 and then increased after 2014. No correlations between age and PBDE congener concentrations were observed, while concentrations of each congener and Σ9PBDE were nearly always lower in females than in males, especially in BDE-66, BDE-153, BDE-183, BDE-190 and Σ9PBDE. We also found that the intake of fish, fruit and eggs in the daily diet was related to the exposure level of PBDEs. Our results suggest that, as deca-BDE is still produced and used in China, diet is an important exposure pathway for PBDEs, and follow-up studies will be required to improve our understanding of the behaviors of PBDE isomers in humans and the exposure levels.
Comparison of river water quality assessment methods using the tree model and the nearest neighbor method (A case study: AhvazHydrometric Station)
Authors: Ebadati Naser , Hooshmandzadeh Mohammad , Malmasi saeed
Published: January 2023

Ahwaz Hydrometric Station is responsible for controlling surface water resources and the Karoon River near Ahwaz city in southwestern Iran. And the present study aimed to determine the parameters affecting water quality, especially TH and SAR parameters. For this purpose, 39-year old statistical data were collected with 463 samples. To determine the water quality, first the correlation matrix method and statistical analysis were conducted, and then the correlation between them and the accuracy of these methods were checked using the tree model and the K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) method. The K-NN method and multivariate regression were compared for water quality characteristics, including SAR. The results indicated that K-NN methods were better than the regression method. In addition, the K-NN method using the effective anion and cation combinations yielded better results of estimating Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) and Total hardness (TH). Furthermore, the accuracy of the tree model after estimating TH using SO42- was more than that of Ca2+. Moreover, the accuracy of the tree model using the Cl- data for SAR estimation was higher than that of the Na+ data. In general, according to the APHA standard (2005), river water is in the high-risk and low-alkaline group.
Study of a fractional order SIR model with M-H typetreatment rate and its stability analysis
Authors: Paul Subrata , Mahata Animesh , Mukherjee Supriya , Das Meghadri , Mali Prakash Chandra , Roy Banamali
Published: January 2023

he fractional order SIR compartmental model with a Holling type II and saturated treatment rate are explored in this manuscript with three different categoriesin the Caputo approach. A few findings for the new model’s existence and uniqueness criterion, as well as non-negativity and boundedness of the solution, have beenestablished. The stability analysis of the model shows that the system is locallyas well as globally asymptotically stable at disease-free equilibrium point E0 when R0 < 1 and at epidemic equilibrium E1 when R0 > 1. We also present an optimumcontrol scheme for an SIR model using the control parameter “Treatment rate”. Inaddition, the fractional-order Taylor’s approach is utilized to approximate the solution to the proposed model. With the help of MATLAB, we were able to conductgraphical demonstrations and numerical simulations.
Predicting corrosion inhibition efficiencies of small organic molecules using data-driven techniques
Authors: Li Xuejiao , Vaghefinazari Bahram , Würger Tim , Lamaka Sviatlana , Zheludkevich Mikhail , Feiler Christian
Published: January 2023

Selecting effective corrosion inhibitors from the vast chemical space is not a trivial task, as it is essentially infinite. Fortunately, machine learning techniques have shown great potential in generating shortlists of inhibitor candidates prior to large-scale experimental testing. In this work, we used the corrosion responses of 58 small organic molecules on the magnesium alloy AZ91 and utilized molecular descriptors derived from their geometry and density functional theory calculations to encode their molecular information. Statistical methods were applied to select the most relevant features to the target property for support vector regression and kernel ridge regression models, respectively, to predict the behavior of untested compounds. We compared the performance of the two supervised learning approaches and assessed the robustness of our data-driven models by experimental blind testing.
“Entre Nosotras:” A qualitative evaluation of a peer-led PrEP project for transgender Latinas
Authors: Zamudio-Haas Sophia , Koester Kim , Venegas Luz , Salinas Ariana , Herrera Cinthya , Gutierrez-Mock Luis , Welborn Layla , Sevelius Jae
Published: January 2023

Background: Uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) remains low among transgender people as compared to other subgroups, despite high rates of HIV acquisition. In California, Latinx people comprise 40% of the population and Latina transgender women experience some of the highest burden of HIV of any subgroup, indicating a critical need for appropriate services. With funding from the California HIV Research Programs, this academic-community partnership developed, implemented, and evaluated a PrEP project that co-located HIV services with gender affirming care in a Federally Qualified Heath Center (FQHC). Trans and Latinx project staff led intervention development, which aimed to increase access to HIV prevention services, including PrEP.
Methods: This paper engages qualitative methods to describe and evaluate how a PrEP demonstration project- Triunfo- successfully engaged Spanish-speaking transgender Latinas in services. We conducted 13 in-depth interviews with project participants and five interviews with providers and clinic staff. Interviews were conducted in Spanish or English. We conducted six months of participant observation of intervention activities and recorded field notes. We analyzed qualitative data engaging a content analysis approach and used Dedoose to code transcripts.
Results: Beneficial elements of the intervention centered around three intertwined themes: creating trusted space, providing comprehensive patient navigation, and offering social support “entre nosotras” (“between us women/girls”). The combination of these factors contributed to the intervention’s success supporting participants to initiate and persist on PrEP, many of whom had previously never received healthcare. Participants shared past experiences with transphobia and concerns around discrimination in a healthcare setting. Developing trust proved foundational to making participants feel welcomed and “en casa/ at home” in the healthcare setting, which began from the moment participants entered the clinic and continued throughout their interactions with staff and providers. Peer health educators (PHE) played a critical part in intervention development, participant recruitment, and patient navigation.
Conclusions: Our research adds nuance to the existing literature on peer support services and navigation by profiling the multifaced roles that PHE served for participants. PHE proved instrumental to empowering participants to overcome structural and other barriers to healthcare, successfully engaging a group who previously avoided healthcare in clinical settings.
The “Growth Instant Feedback Tool (GIFTool)” Workplace-Based Assessment of Entrustable Professional Activity Performance: Preliminary Evidence for Validity
Authors: Osman Cynthia , Bradshaw Chanda , Reinstein Ilan , Gillespie Colleen , Tewksbury Linda
Published: January 2023

Background
Prior validity studies of workplace-based assessments for use with Entrustable Professional Activities have largely adopted a framework of supervision. We created a digital workplace-based assessment, the Growth-promoting Instant Feedback Tool (GIFTool), which utilizes a coaching framework and prompts supervisors with pre-determined feedback options so students can easily receive substantive real-time feedback. Our objectives were to assess the feasibility and validity evidence of the GIFTool.
Methods
With input from the literature and content experts, we created a digital application where supervisors assess the level of coaching required, one strength and one area for improvement in eight Entrustable Professional Activity-related domains. We explored data from one year through descriptive statistics and analyses focused on relations to other variables and fairness.
Results
Our development process contributed to the tool’s content validity. Students on average completed 28.8 assessments with 100% completion rate. We found the tool discriminated between learners within and between domains, with no differences by gender for all domains and for under-represented-in-medicine status for six domains. We found strengths and areas for improvement that were consistent with typical student trajectories. There were statistically significant correlations between the GIFTool and end-of-clerkship assessments (R values 0.27–0.51).
Conclusions
We found the GIFTool is a feasible tool with some promising evidence of validity.
Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and its Receptor Binding Domain stimulate release of different pro-inflammatory mediators via activation of distinct receptors on human microglia cells
Authors: Tsilioni Irene , Theoharides Theoharis C.
Published: January 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via its spike (S) protein binding to its surface receptor Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) on target cells and results in acute symptoms involving especially the lungs known as COVID-19. However, increasing evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection produces neuroinflammation associated with neurological, neuropsychiatric, and cognitive symptoms persists well past the resolution of the infection, known as post-COVID-19 sequalae or Long-COVID. The neuroimmune mechanism(s) involved in Long-COVID have not been adequately characterized. In this study, we show that recombinant SARS-CoV-2 full-length S protein stimulates release of pro-inflammatory IL-1b, CXCL8, IL-6 and MMP-9 from cultured human microglia via TLR4 receptor activation. Instead, recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) stimulates release of TNF-α, IL-18 and S100B via ACE2 signaling. These results provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contributes to neuroinflammation through different mechanisms that may be involved in CNS pathologies associated with Long-COVID.
Decision support techniques in public health policy formulation: bibliometric analysis
Authors: JERVIS-JALABE DAVID SCOTT , Olivares-Cerpa Fanika De Jesús , Jervis-Pinzon Christinne Alexandra , Arteta-Olivares Nebalis Xerelis
Published: January 2023

Decision-makers are under increasing pressure to ensure that their decisions are evidence-based, which involves overcoming major obstacles, most notably the lack of tools to make a technical choice among several options with similar weight of evidence. Objective. To perform a bibliometric analysis of the development and use of decision support techniques in the formulation of public health policies. Method. An exhaustive search was carried out in the Scopus database of original articles, review articles and book chapters published between 2012 and 2021. Bibliometric analysis techniques were applied to the results using the bibliometrix and VOSviewer applications. Results. We obtained 1,014 publications, from 431 sources, written by 4,545 authors affiliated with 160 institutions from 99 countries or regions. The average citation per document was 27.87 out of 49,681 references. Conclusions. There is a growing interest in the use of decision support techniques in the formulation of public health policies as a field of study. There is evidence of a significant increase in the number of articles on the subject studied during the study period.