bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Моделі вибору датчика температури та вологості для модуля системи екологічного моніторингу.
Authors: Fil N.
Published: June 2024

Система екологічного моніторингу в Україні є застарілою та не дозволяє збирати дані в режимі реального часу та накопичувати їх в єдиному цифровому форматі. Сьогодні ситуація особливо загострилася, бо деякі метеорологічні станції зруйновані, тому заміри концентрацій забруднюючих речовин проводяться нерегулярно, що впливає на ї отримані результати. Проблема реінжинірингу системи екологічного моніторингу є актуальною. В роботі розроблена моделі вибору датчика температури та вологості повітря для модуля системи екологічного моніторингу. Наведено приклад вибору датчику за обраними критеріями.
Створення простого голосового помічника у додатку для платформи Android
Authors: Yakobchuk B. , Khrystynets N.
Published: June 2024

У статті представлено вичерпний посібник зі створення простого голосового помічника для Android-додатків. Голосовий помічник, названий «ExpertAvon», призначений для надання користувачам функціональностей взаємодії з додатком, у який інтегрований голосовий помічник або з іншими додатками чи компонентами смартфону. Процес розробки передбачає інтеграцію технології розпізнавання мовлення та подальшу реакцію на отримані голосові команди. Стаття містить покрокову інструкцію зі створення ExpertAvon, включаючи налаштування інструментів, бібліотек, реалізацію преретворення аудіо в текст та подальшу взаємодію з компонентами додатку
Програмні засоби Python моделювання телекомунікаційних пристроїв.
Authors: Vasylkivskyi M. , Kolomiiets A. , Hrabchak N. , Hrytsaiuk D. , Kostianin V.
Published: June 2024

Здійснено дослідження комп'ютерної моделі телекомунікаційного пристрою модулятору програмно керованої мережі сформувало передумови для розробки та випробування програмного забезпечення для такого пристрою з метою оптимізації його функціональності, продуктивності та надійності. Разом з тим, визначено необхідний інструментарій для розробки ефективного та гнучкого пристрою модуляції сигналів у програмно керованих мережах зв'язку. Основною метою проекту було створення ефективної комп'ютерної моделі модулятора, що здатна адаптуватися до зміни умов роботи мережі та забезпечувати високу якість передачі даних. Результати тестування показали, що модель демонструє високу продуктивність, стабільність у роботі та адаптивність до різних сценаріїв використання. В роботі передбачено використати модель, яка не тільки ефективно працює на поточному етапі, але й може бути легко адаптована під майбутні потреби та технології. Аналіз сумісності та інтеграційного тестування підтверджує, що модель має високу ступінь масштабованості та може бути інтегрована з різноманітними мережевими ком-понентами. Забезпечення стійкості та надійності моделі було критично важливим для гарантування її ефективної роботи в реальних умовах. Результати тестування на стійкість демонструють, що модель здатна працювати стабільно протягом три-валого часу, без втрати продуктивності або виникнення помилок. Виявлено декілька областей для оптимізації, але загалом модель відповідає вимогам надійності. Підсумковою метою роботи була розробка моделі, яка легко інтегрується з існуючими телекомунікаційними системами та програмно керованими мережами. Результати показали, що модель сумісна з різними операційними системами та мережевим обладнанням, що спрощує процес її впровадження та використання в реальних проектах. Комп’ютерна модель демонструє високу ефективність, адаптивність, надійність та легкість інтеграції, відповідаючи по-требам сучасних телекомунікаційних систем. Проте, виявлені потенційні напрямки для подальшого удосконалення вказують на необхідність продовження роботи над дослідженням, зокрема, оптимізація продуктивності при високих навантаженнях та розширення функціональних можливостей моделі.
Алгоритми керування автономними інверторами напруги перетворювачів частоти
Authors: Lyshuk V. , Moroz S. , Zablotskyi V. , Yevsiuk M. , Hryceniuk V.
Published: June 2024

У статті запропоновано розробку алгоритмів керування автономними інверторами напруги перетворювачів частоти. Ключовими елементами трифазного інвертора є IGBT-транзистори. В порівнянні з іншими електронними ключами вони мають більшу швидкодію та можливість виготовлення модуля з шести транзисторів та діодів. Запропоновані алгоритми перетворювача дадуть змогу розуміти фізичні процеси в перетворювачах, правильно проектувати, діагностувати та експлуатувати такі пристрої. Перетворювач частоти виготовляється на основі новітніх інтегрованих модулів потужності IPM (Intelligent Power Module), що містять 6 IGBT-транзисторів та їх кола керування з системою захисту від коротких замикань і температурним захистом. Керування модуляцією вихідної напруги реалізується програмно за допомогою мікроконтролерів. У ПЧ застосована модифікована модуляція, так званої „орієнтації вектора напруги". Це сприяє повному використовуванню можливостей ПЧ. Пристрій може працювати в режимі лінійної або квадратичної характеристики U/f. Ці характеристики дають змогу змнювати швидкість обертання асинхронних двигунів в широких межах, що важливо для приводу різноманітнихмеханізмів і в кінцевому варіанті покращить економічні та енергетичні показники електроприводу. В даний час основними приладами силової електроніки в області струмів комутованих до 50 А є біполярні транзистори з ізольованим затвором (IGBT).
Plant disease detection using leaf images and an involutional neural network
Authors: Pradhan Priyanka , Kumar Brajesh , Kumar Krishan , Bhutiani Rakesh
Published: June 2024

The human population and domestic animals rely heavily on agriculture for their food and livelihood. Agriculture is an important contributor to the national economy of many countries. Plant diseases lead to a significant reduction in agricultural yield, posing a threat to global food security. It is crucial to detect plant diseases in a timely manner to prevent economic losses. Expert diagnosis and pathogen analysis are widely used for the detection of diseases in plants. However, both expert diagnosis and pathogen analysis rely on the real-time investigation experience of experts, which is prone to errors. In this work, an image analysis-based method is proposed for detecting and classifying plant diseases using an involution neural network and self-attention-based model. This method uses digital images of plant leaves and identifies diseases on the basis of image features. Different diseases affect leaf characteristics in different ways; therefore, their visual patterns are highly useful in disease recognition. For rigorous evaluation of the method, leaf images of different crops, including apple, grape, peach, cherry, corn, pepper, potato, and strawberry, are taken from a publicly available PlantVillage dataset to train the developed model. The experiments are not performed separately for different crops; instead, the model is trained to work for multiple crops. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performed well, with an average classification accuracy of approximately 98.73% (κ = 98.04) for 8 different crops with 23 classes. The results are also compared with those of several existing methods, and it is found that the proposed method outperforms the other methods considered in this work.
ASCVD- Should We Treat It or Eradicate?
Authors:   Rohit Mody, Mody Rohit
Published: June 2024

Editorial Note Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading global health concern, signiϐicantly contributing to acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Research consistently links elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to ASCVD. Preventive measures and early interventions can mitigate the disease’s progression [1]. Yet, despite advancements in medical treatments and the known beneϐits of lifestyle modiϐications like exercise and reduced saturated fat intake, ASCVD mortality rates continue to rise globally. Modern medical practices often fall short of eradicating ASCVD risk, emphasizing the need for more precise and proactive approaches. Delayed or inappropriate care ampliϐies the risk and complications of ASCVD, urging the necessity for improved preventive guidelines and risk assessment tools.
Development of HIGH FIBER NUTRIRICH MUFFIN to combat malnutrition
Authors:   Akshitha Dandu, Mallepula Bhavana
Published: June 2024

These days people have gotten accustomed to completely relying upon processed food to fulfi ll their daily energy requirements. As time evolved many healthy foods like millets were left behind by the modern generation and convenience foods were adopted. These lifestyle changes made them suff er from lots of disorders over time. This new product is a small trial to re-introduce those nutrient-rich but abandoned foods into the daily diet in a modernized way. A Few of the nutritive but rejected foods like millet, apple peel extract, and defatted soybean fl our were selected and made into a pie so that people could consume it with ease.Keywords: Benthic Organisms, Peninsular Malaysia, Coastal Ecosystem.
Professional Learning Communities Supporting Professional Development of Teacher Educators in Myanmar Education Colleges
Authors: Myint Lay Moet Moet
Published: June 2024

Teachers need to improve their teaching skills to increase the learning benefits of their students. Professional learning communities not only cater to the needs of individual teachers and the whole staff, but also improve the quality of their teaching, and through this, boost their students’ achievement.
In a professional teaching community, the key toimproved learning for students is the continuous learning of teachers (Bryk, Camburn & Louis, 2009). The professional learning community (PLC) is becoming a popular techniquefor teachers' professional development, and, as a result, there is a need for research that explores their impact.
This study aims to map the effects of the implementation of professional learning communities at a Myanmar Education College, how they impact on the quality of teacher educators’ work, and, hopefully, in turn, on their student teachers’ achievements. Methodically, the study used a qualitative approach and a random sample to obtain data from teacher educators at Monywa Education College, who answered open-ended interview questions. The data revealed that there is a need for more PLCs of teacher educators to nurture their professional development and for the provision of extensive pedagogical support for the operation of PLCs in the current situation.
Validating the Hungarian versions of MSLQ and MAI intended for use with Hungarian minority students in Slovakia
Authors: Phavadee Sounantha , Tóth Péter
Published: June 2024

Learning today provides students with several freedoms, including easy access to the content or learning materials and the flexibility to schedule their own time, in contrast to the traditional techniques of the past, where students had to spend time at school or in the classroom. The cognitive, metacognitive, and motivational skills that enable learners to overcome challenges and organize their learning depend on self-regulated learning.
The Motivation Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is a tool to gauge students’ self-regulated learning (SRL) skills. Schraw and Dennison's Metacognition Awareness Inventory (MAI) was created to measure the metacognitive abilities of the learners.
This article aims to explore and assess the relevant literature on students' self-regulated learning and metacognition, SRL theories and concepts. Furthermore, it aims to determine the reliability and validity of these two with a sample of the pedagogy students at János Selye University. The study involved 120 pedagogy students, of which 102 were female. The MSLQ motivation scale in component A has six subscales and their Cronbach's Alphas are as follow: IGO’s α = 0.69, EGO’s α = 0.84, TV’s = 0.86, CLB’s α = 0.52, SE’s α = 0.86, and TA’s α = 0.74. In Component B, which includes nine subscales for learning strategies, R’s α is 0.69; E’s α is 0.75; O’s α is 0.85; CT’s α is 0.60; MSR’s α is 0.80; TSE’s α is 0.66; ER’s α is 0.80; PL’s α is 0.87; and HS’s is 0.57. As far as MAI goes, its two main components’ Knowledge of Cognition (KC) and Regulation of Cognition (RC), Cronbach's Alpha values, were examined. Three subscales make up the KC: PK, DK, and CK. The Cronbach Alpha of each was 0.82, 0.86, and 0.71, respectively. Five subscales make up the RC. The Cronbach Alphas of each is as follow: P’s α is equal to 0.83, IMS’s α is equal to 0.83, CM’s α is equal to 0.77, DS’s α is equal to 0.74, and E’s α is equal to 0.70.
A mesterséges intelligencia jelentősége a pedagógusképzésben
Authors: Bognár Amália
Published: June 2024

A mesterséges intelligencia nem csupán technológiai fejlődést, hanem pedagógiai kihívásokat is jelent. Vajon ez milyen hatással van az oktatók és tanulók attitűdjére, felkészültségére és technológiai készségeire? Elengedhetetlen-e a pedagógusok és a pedagógushallgatók MI-kompetenciájának fejlesztése a technológiai fejlődéshez való alkalmazkodás érdekében?
Az írás célja, hogy bemutassa, mely oktatástervezési és didaktikai elemek felhasználásával lehet a tanárok és tanárjelöltek fejlesztését megvalósítani.
Key Considerations for Designing Mudmat Foundations According to ISO 19901-4
Authors: Casanovas C , Morgan N , Ciavaglia F
Published: June 2024

This paper summarises approaches to some key issues and topics when performing mudmat and shallow foundation design according to ISO 19901-4 and based on experience of certifying them. The paper focusses on mudmat design for subsea structures or for temporary support of jacket foundations, rather than addressing larger GBS foundations. The paper sets out by defining an overall design process including the definition of seabed conditions at the location; seabed features and hazards; design assumptions and methodology and acceptance criteria. More detail is provided on some aspects including scour and seabed mobility; uneven seabed and contact; definition of shear strength profile and sliding capacity on clays and the purpose and design of skirts. The paper includes real scenarios where the topics addressed have been encountered and how they were handled.
Performance-Based Design of Sliding Mudmat Foundations - Geotechnical and Practical Focus
Authors: Zhou H , Krisdani H , Ragni R , Sun C , Dias H , Clemente C W
Published: June 2024

Design of sliding mudmat foundations should follow the philosophy of performance-based design, which requires prediction of whole-life performance to ensure the integrity and functionality of the system. In this paper, the key geotechnical design processes critical to the performance-based design are highlighted, which comprise: (1) adequate soil characterisation through in situ, ex situ and laboratory soil testing; (2) coherent interpretation of soil strength and deformation properties; and (3) practical design approaches underpinned by sound soil mechanics capturing project specific soil and loading conditions. These components are all crucial for enabling reliable prediction of the foundation whole-life performance, as demonstrated by the examples described in this paper. Many aspects of the paper are also relevant to the design of 'fixed' mudmat foundations.
In Situ Free-Fall Cone Penetrometer (FF-CPT) and Laboratory Fall Cone Characterisation of Soft Marine Sediments in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea
Authors: Saresma M , Virtasalo J J , Li Z S , Mohapatra D , Sołowski W
Published: June 2024

In situ free-fall cone penetrometers (FF-CPTs) allow for rapid investigations of undrained shear strength of soft shallow water deposits. Often samples are also studied in geotechnical laboratory by fall cone tests. This study presents in situ FF-CPT and laboratory fall cone testing results of an offshore site in the northern part of the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. Site investigations included seismoacoustic surveys and sediment coring. Based on seismoacoustic reflection profiles and long sediment cores, the local deposits were classified and divided into glaciolacustrine, post-glacial lacustrine and brackish-water stratigraphic units. FFCPT measurements provided in situ undrained shear strength and dynamic cone resistance of the seabed geological units. Laboratory fall cone tests were performed on the vertical core samples at every 0.5m. Comparisons were established between undrained shear strength from FF-CPT tests and from fall cone tests.
Data Integration Tailored to Assess Spatial Variability for Jack-Up Clearance Zone Assessment – Application to Offshore Renewables
Authors: Vanneste M , Forsberg C S , Kinkvort R T , Westgate Z , Forsberg C F , Watton T , Kassa H M , Skot-Hansen J
Published: June 2024

One of the challenges within offshore renewables projects is the integrated characterization of soil conditions, to ensure safe operations and installation of e.g., monopiles using jack-up rigs. Importantly, development areas often have experienced a complex geological history, which is reflected in significant variability over short distances. Even though the monopiles typically only require a CPT at the planned installation location, the jack-ups span a larger area, often several tens to hundreds of metres around the central location, which needs to be cleared with respect to risks, like punch-through hazards or shallow gas. In this paper, we present an approach to optimize the hazard and risk assessment for the jack-up clearance zone, through an integrated approach combining geophysical and geotechnical data down to typical foundation depths, as a micro-siting ground model. The models subsequently allow obtaining a limited number of sitespecific representative soil profiles that reliably capture the geospatial variability and complexity. The resulting design profiles are based on a consistent layering definition from seismic data interpretation, CPTU interpretation, index testing and advanced laboratory testing, which in turn can be used to obtain spudcan penetration estimates. The generic approach is illustrated using data from the Empire Wind offshore development off the Atlantic coast of the USA. Ultimately, we provide recommendations for future improvements to the method.
Laboratory Investigation on the Potential of Utilising Pushed-in Samples to Obtain Representative Coarse-Grained Offshore Samples for Static Strength Tests
Authors: Al-Maadheedi M , Schmieder S A , Mackenzie B , Bean M , Carrington T , Lowther A , Soares M , Burbury D
Published: June 2024

Coarse-grained soils are usually sampled as bulk samples and then reconstituted to target densities corresponding to in-situ conditions. This process imposes uncertainties on the interpretation campaign of coarse-grained material, as reconstituted samples fail to correctly capture the influence of void distribution within the soil mass (i.e., soil fabric). This paper presents the results of drained triaxial tests on relatively intact slightly silty to silty coarse-grained samples obtained from pushed-in sample tube and tested directly after extrusion. The sheared samples are then reconstituted back to the same density and sheared under the same confining stress again. Thus, the difference in behaviour and friction angle of the reconstituted and intact samples reflect the influence of the lost soil fabric upon reconstitution. This paper highlights the trends observed within the dataset and offer some discussion on the potential benefits in using intact samples as part of effective soil strength evaluation.
The Tension Capacity of Suction Bucket Foundations in Sand – A Centrifuge Experimental Study
Authors: Low H E , Ingarfield S , Erbrich C T , Watson P G , Bransby M F , O’Loughlin C D
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of centrifuge model tests on bucket foundations conducted in clean silica sand to simulate the loading conditions which apply at the windward leg of a three-legged offshore wind turbine jacket structure. Load sharing response between bucket skirt and soil, and the concurrent suction pressure under the bucket lid, was analysed for tests conducted under different drainage conditions and (simulated) water depths. In addition, the deduced bucket skirt resistance during cyclic loading (under the same drainage conditions and water depths) is compared to the monotonic drained vertical pull-out resistance, in order to assess the evolution of skirt resistance during cyclic tensile loading, and to identify the relative contributions of suction pressure and skirt resistance to the overall suction bucket cyclic load response.
Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Displacement Pile-Wall Penetration Using a Coupled Discrete Element-Finite Difference Method
Authors: Xiao T , Guo N , Yang Z X , Jardine R J
Published: June 2024

Conventional numerical methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and finite difference method (FDM) suffer from mesh distortion when simulating large deformation problems. These continuum mechanics-based methods also rely on appropriate constitutive models to accurately capture soil behaviour. The discrete element method (DEM) is intrinsically better configured to deal with large deformation geotechnical problems and can avoid many of the assumptions required for continuum constitutive models. However, computational capacity limits severely constrain the maximum number of particles and DEM simulation durations that can be considered. In this study, a two-dimensional numerical simulation of displacement pile-wall penetration in sand is undertaken with a time-saving solution using the coupled discrete element-finite difference method (DEM-FDM). The DEM-FDM numerical results, including pile capacity and normalized stress field are compared with those from the conventional full- or reduced-scale DEM simulations. The good agreement between the DEM-FDM and full-scale DEM results indicates that the coupled approach provides a reliable tool for pile penetration that significantly reduces computational times.
Calibration of cone resistance in a sand with fines by means of model testing
Authors: Fioravante V , Giretti D , Teng Y , Carotenuto P , Bilici C , Lunne T , Augustesen A H , Krogh L , Dias H , Sougle M C , Barwise A , deWit S , Burbury D , Dalsgaard Petersen A , Adams N
Published: June 2024

Cone penetrometer tests (CPTU) are used extensively for offshore soil characterization. There are established correlations between CPTU parameters and relative density (Dr) for clean sand, but studies on Dr correlations for sand with fines content are not well-exposed. As part of a joint industry project (CSi), a dedicated programme for CPT-based Dr correlation calibration has been carried out in a large calibration chamber (CC) and a centrifuge calibration chamber (CCC) using Ticino sand with different amount of fines (FC = 0, 15% and 30%). The CPTUs have been performed at two relative density levels (Dr ~50% and ~80%) with v between 50 kPa and 200 kPa in normally consolidated samples. Both CC and CCC tests show that the cone resistance reduces as a function of increasing fines content. The Jamiolkowski et al. (2003) correlation, initially developed for clean sand, has been recalibrated for Ticino sand with fines based on CC and CCC tests. Recommendation and limitations of the Dr correlation for sand with fines content are discussed.
Use of Microfluidic Experiments to Investigate the Effects of Seawater Salinity on Microbially-Induced Carbonate Precipitation
Authors: Wang Y , Yang J
Published: June 2024

Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a promising soil reinforcement and antierosion technology for marine engineering. This study used microfluidic technology to investigate the effects of seawater salinity on the microscopic processes and mechanisms of MICP. Results show that high seawater salinity affects the type, shape, size, growth, and transformation rate of carbonate minerals. Hemispherical vaterite and rod-shaped aragonite were the predominant carbonate crystal polymorphs observed. While bacterial activity was reduced by 10% due to salinity, the average crystal diameter increased by 21.6%, suggesting that conventional MICP protocols can still be successfully used in the marine environment. This study improves our understanding of the microscale mechanisms of MICP and promotes MICP for offshore applications, such as seabed stabilization and scour prevention around offshore structures in the marine environment.
Capacity of Dynamically Installed Multi-Line Anchor Under Combined Loading in Spatially Variable Undrained Soils
Authors: Yi P , Guo X S , Liu J
Published: June 2024

Floating offshore wind turbines hold great potential to become a more cost-effective alternative compared with fixed wind turbines due to stronger and more consistent wind resources in deep waters. Nevertheless, the high capital cost of the support systems remains a primary obstacle in the development of floating offshore wind energy industry. The dynamically installed multi-line anchor (DIMA) can provide significant capital cost savings by reducing the number of anchors. DIMAs are usually subjected to combined vertical-horizontal-moment-torque (VHMT) loading caused by wind, waves, and currents. Moreover, due to complex physical and chemical formation processes, natural seabed soils are spatially variable. Therefore, the present study uses the random finite element method (RFEM) to investigate the capacity for DIMAs in spatially variable undrained soil under combined VHMT loading. Results can provide guidance to the assessment and design of DIMAs in engineering applications.
Finite Element Modelling of Long-Term Cyclic Response of Monopiles in Sand Using a Stiffness Degradation Approach
Authors: Gao Z , Whyte S
Published: June 2024

Prediction of the permanent mudline rotation caused by long-term cyclic loading is of vital importance for the design of offshore wind turbine supported by monopile foundations. Modelling the cyclebycycle pile response using advanced soil models, considering the lifetime cyclic loads, in 3D finite element analysis is prohibitive due to the model complexity and computational cost. A simple stiffness degradation methodology is presented which adopts a practical equivalent degradation approach. This method includes a bounding surface model that captures the stress-strain relationship of sand in the first load cycle and a new equivalent degradation approach scheme for modelling strain accumulation in subsequent cycles. Cyclic strain accumulation in the soil is modelled using a new equivalent stiffness degradation approach, in which the plastic modulus and dilatancy relationship are scaled based on a strain accumulation law. The new cyclic approach outlined in this study can be applied to any monotonic constitutive model and importantly allows decoupling of the cyclic accumulated volumetric and deviatoric strains. The approach presented can therefore easily be implemented and added to other monotonic constitutive models. Within this study the model is calibrated to monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests data on sand and used in finite element modelling of monopile response considering realistic cyclic loading.
Quantitative Analysis of Seismic Amplitude Anomalies in Hollandse Kust West and Implications for Foundation Design
Authors: Clay C , Henstock T K , Vardy M E
Published: June 2024

The distribution of physical properties within the shallow subsurface has a major influence on the design and installation phases of offshore engineering applications. Factors such as over-pressured weak layers, hard layers, and the soil strength profile, all constrain the type and size of foundations that are appropriate for any given site. A quantitative, integrated ground model is therefore vital for accurate and reliable characterization of the soils and underlying processes to minimize the economic and environmental risks. We present a quantitative analysis of a variable, locally high amplitude, seismostratigraphic boundary from the Hollandse Kust West designated development zone using ultra-high-frequency multichannel seismic reflection data. Combining seismic Q-factor and post-stack acoustic impedance inversions, the high amplitude sections of this stratigraphic boundary are quantitatively interpreted as over-pressure generated by trapped pore fluids. The resultant reduced loading capacity of these over-pressured soils compared to hydrostatic soils are discussed in a geological and foundation design context.
Engineering Properties of a Stiff Bolders Bank Glacial Till from Cowden
Authors: Ushev E R , Liu T , Jardine R
Published: June 2024

Many Baltic, North, and Norwegian Sea oil, gas and offshore wind structures are founded on glacial tills, as are some US developments. This paper presents an overview of coordinated programmes of monotonic and cyclic laboratory testing on natural low-to-medium plasticity, high OCR, stiff Bolders Bank clay till. Profiles with depth of index properties, undrained shear strength and non-linear stiffness are compared with in-situ measurements and their effective pressure level dependency reported. The till's stiffness anisotropy was investigated by high-resolution small-strain stress probing tests and through hollow cylinder apparatus (HCA) tests which also established its shear strength anisotropy, which is quite different to that of low OCR clays. The till's cyclic response was characterised over a wide range of mean and cyclic shear stress combinations, identifying stable, metastable and unstable styles of strain accumulation and stiffness response that reflect the cyclic stress paths' engagement with the till's Kinematic Yield Surfaces (KYS) and proximity to its monotonic failure envelope. The experiments highlight new insights, including the till's relatively stiff and strong response to horizontal loading, that have important practical implications and provide a basis for developing and calibrating more representative constitutive models for offshore analyses and designs at till sites.
Desktop Study as a Basis for Geo-Engineering Success
Authors: Dimmock P S , Riera R , Tam T A , Boylan N
Published: June 2024

This paper highlights elements in a desk study to steer a development project towards geoengineering success. There are four sequential elements: (1) building an initial ground model, (2) defining 'So what?' for the planned development, (3) evaluating feasibility of foundation concepts, and (4) recommendation for geophysical and geotechnical surveys. An initial ground model seeks holistic understanding and characterisation of the development area. The ground model harnesses available data to inform understanding and characterisation, but equally respects and represents uncertainty. The second element results in initial ranges for geotechnical parameters, plus the identification of geo-engineering constraints and geohazards. The third element, feasibility of foundation concepts, is addressed against foundation performance criteria considering ground conditions, geo-engineering constraints and geohazards. Finally, recommendations for survey(s) address uncertainties in the initial ground model to further inform foundation evaluation, layout, and design. Overall, the desk study is a crucial first step towards realisation of offshore developments.
Suction Caissons in Intermediate Soils
Authors: Torre A , Tataki E , Ortolani C , Irvine J , McCall F , Fudge A , Hinxman D
Published: June 2024

Suction caisson supported jackets have been used on several recent offshore wind farm projects in Europe including Aberdeen Bay, Borkum Riffgrund 2 and Seagreen. Suction caissons are particularly sensitive to soil conditions, including 'intermediate' soils such as partially drained sands, silts, and heavily interbedded sands and clays. These soils are anticipated in numerous development areas including the North Sea, East Asia and the East coast USA. Design and installation methods exist for sands and clays (OWA, 2019), but recent development areas have identified 'intermediate' soils as particularly challenging. As water flow (seepage) through the soil can be a key factor in the installation behaviour of suction caissons, understanding the drainage behaviour of soils can be vital. This paper will provide advice regarding the identification and characterisation of 'intermediate' soils, the capacity design and installation assessment for suction caissons and installation risk mitigation recommendations.
Evaluation of Multi-Directional Lateral Capacity and Stiffness Characteristics of Suction Caisson in Undrained Clays
Authors: Shi Z , Cui H , Liu J , Huang M
Published: June 2024

Suction caisson is an important foundation solution for offshore wind turbines. Due to the natural variance in loading directions (e.g., wind and wave loading), the capacity and deformation against multi-directional lateral loading can be critical for the ultimate and serviceability limit states of the foundation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the influences of loading history on the deformation and capacity characteristics of suction caissons in undrained clays. For this purpose, three-dimensional finite element analyses are employed, with the mechanical behavior of soil characterised via a total stress-based, non-linear kinematic hardening constitutive model. The effects of recent loading history on the lateral capacity, stiffness and cyclic deformation accumulation of suction caisson are investigated, in particular, the roles of the magnitude and direction of past loading. Possible mechanisms causing the variation in foundation bearing characteristics corresponding to different recent multi-directional loading history are also discussed.
Case Study: Offshore Windfarm Inner Array Cable Crossing Design in Dynamic Seabed Environments
Authors: Lee E , Whitehouse R J S , Couldrey A J
Published: June 2024

As the offshore wind energy sector grows it is important to understand the challenging seabed environments in which many of these developments are located. The Hollandse Kust Zuid (HKZ) is a fixed offshore windfarm located in the Dutch sector of the North Sea. When fully operational, HKZ will be the largest subsidy-free offshore wind farm in the world with 140 turbines and an installed capacity of 1.5GW. Positioning this windfarm in a well-developed area of the North Sea resulted in 34 locations where the inter array cables cross existing infrastructure. The nature of the mobile sediments and the requirement to provide a solution for the lifetime of the wind farm (25 years) led to a holistic approach incorporating traditional desk-based and Computational Fluid Dynamic analyses. The rock berm geometries account for the mobile sandwaves, potential seabed lowering, berm orientation and berm edge scour. This case study of the detailed rock berm design ensured stability at each crossing locations for the entirety of the life of the wind farm. It provides an overview of the elements considered for the design and construction of cable crossing rock berms in highly mobile seabed environments.
Applications of Data Science in Offshore Geotechnical Engineering: State of Practice and Future Perspectives
Authors: Stuyts B , Suryasentana S
Published: June 2024

Data-driven predictive models are becoming ubiquitous in society with a wide range of applications, including engineering design. For offshore geotechnical engineering, semi-empirical models make up most of the predictive models to date. These models implicitly include knowledge on soil mechanics and foundation behaviour gathered from laboratory testing, scale model testing and field observations. Modern data science techniques enable researchers and practising engineers to leverage state-of-the-art artificial intelligence tools to re-evaluate the creation of these predictive models. This keynote explores basic and advanced applications of artificial intelligence in offshore geotechnical engineering and aims to offer a perspective on the future use of these techniques in solving complex geotechnical problems.
Accesibilidad de proximidad y envejecimiento demográfico: desafíos para la adaptación de los espacios de la movilidad
Authors: Vecchio Giovanni , Cantallopts David
Published: June 2024

El trabajo examina la relación entre entorno construido y accesibilidad de proximidad, analizando las características de los barrios de Santiago de Chile en donde se concentran los mayores porcentajes de personas mayores. Analizando antigüedad, densidad y tipologías de vivienda, el trabajo identifica ocho categorías de barrios que envejecen, diferentemente distribuidas a lo largo de un anillo que rodea el centro de la ciudad de Santiago. No se evidencia una clara relación entre tipologías de barrios y proximidad, siendo diferentes los patrones de accesibilidad a oportunidades urbanas. Al identificar tipologías prevalentes de barrios que envejecen, los resultados ofrecen indicaciones para adaptar las ciudades para las personas mayores y garantizar condiciones de vida más saludables.
MANAJEMEN PROGRAM MARKET DAY DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ningrum Faradita Ersanti , Nugroho Piter Joko , Purnomo Widiharto
Published: June 2024

This study aims to describe the Market Day Program Management at SDIT Alam IKM Al-Muhajirin Palangka Raya. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data sources were the Principal, Vice Principal and Grade 6 students. Data collection techniques were observation, interview and study of document. Data analysis uses an interactive data model, including: (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data presentation, and (4) conclusion drawing. Checking the validity of the data in this study using triangulation and member check. The results showed that the management of the market day program which is carried out effectively becomes a means of developing Islamic entrepreneurial character which is very useful for the future of students.
Comparative Analysis of the Antiviral Activity of Various Drugs Based on 6-Fluoro-3-Hydroxy-2-Pyrazinecarboxamide (Favipiravir) Against COVID-19
Authors: Loginova S. Ya. , Schukina V. N. , Savenko S. V. , Rubtsov V. V. , Borisevich S. V. , Chizhov D. L. , Rusinov G. L. , Verbitskiy E. V. , Charushin V. N. , Kotovskaya S. K. , Rusinov V. L.
Published: June 2024

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, originated in Wuhan, China, has claimed millions of lives around the world. In this regard, the search for effective drugs, including the repurposing of existing ones, has become an urgent task. A promising treatment strategy appears to be drug disruption of viral reproduction. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is the central subunit of the RNA synthesis process for all positive-strand RNA viruses and is therefore an attractive target for antiviral inhibitors.

The aim of this work is an experimental study of the antiviral activity of various drugs based on 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide (Favipiravir) in vitro and in vivo against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19).

Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on a permanent culture of African green monkey kidney cells — Vero Cl008. The effectiveness of the drugs was assessed by suppressing the reproduction of the virus in vitro. Biological activity was assessed by titration of the virus-containing suspension in Vero Cl008 cell culture by the formation of negative colonies. Syrian golden hamsters orally infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, variant B, were used in the study. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed by the coefficient of therapeutic action.

Results. The results of the study revealed that the compounds FP-1 and Avifavir in the concentration range of 100–400 µg/ml almost completely suppress the reproduction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus; the CTI index for the drug FP-1 was 4, for Avifavir it was 2. The ED₅₀ value for FP-1 was 26 µg/ml, for Avifavir it was 36 µg/ml. Preparations T-705 and Coronavir revealed antiviral activity only at extremely high concentrations. The CTI was 1. During the study on Syrian golden hamsters orally infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, variant B, at a dose of 5×105 PFU, it was shown that the use of Avifavir and FP-1 has a high protective efficacy, while Coronavir and T-705 cause a moderate suppression of virus reproduction in the target organ. According to the complex of clinical-virological, biochemical, and hematological indicators, the disease severity index (DSI) and the therapeutic index (TI) were calculated. For the drug Avifavir, the DSI was 0.269; the TI was 71.3% with a probability of 99.9%.

Conclusion. Of the studied compounds, Avifavir and FP-1 showed the highest antiviral activity.
Prediction of Aztreonam Effectiveness Against Klebsiella pneumoniae Based on the Results of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing with Increased Inoculum
Authors: Alieva K. N. , Golikova M. V. , Kondratieva D. A. , Kuznetsova A. A.
Published: June 2024

Background. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) does not predict the risk of antibacterial resistance development due to a small sample of tested bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration at an increased inoculum (MICHI) may become a suitable parameter for this purpose as a sample of tested bacteria is larger while the method of determination remains easy.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of using MICHI as a parameter for predicting the resistance development in Klebsiella pneumoniae to aztreonam.

Methods. Aztreonam MIC and MICHI values were assessed against two strains of K. pneumoniae using the microdilution method (0.2 ml volume; inoculum of 5×105 and 5×107 CFU/ml, respectively) and compared the results with the effect of aztreonam in a dynamic in vitro model, in which  aztreonam regimen of 2 grams every 8 hours as a 2-hour infusion for 5 days was simulated.

Results. The efficacy of aztreonam against K. pneumoniae observed in the dynamic model was consistent with the MICHIs values assessed based on bacterial viability. During the visual assessment, the MICHIs values were greatly overestimated due to excessive turbidity caused by the formation of filamentous forms of bacteria exposed to aztreonam.

Conclusions. The MICHI parameter can be used to predict the development of resistance in K. pneumoniae to aztreonam when assessing the values of this parameter by the number of viable cells, but not by the visual boundary of bacterial growth.
Features of the narrative «Covid-19» in the German quality and mass press
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Milostivaya A. I.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of strategies for shaping public opinion, manifested at the linguistic level of mass media communication, in the narrative about COVID-19 from the German high-quality and mass press. The relevance of the study is due to the social relevance of a narrative analysis of the persuasive impact of the media during the COVID-19 pandemic, during which, through the prism of the relationship with coronavirus infection, the socio-political and economic problems of a state are brought to the fore in the high-quality and mass press. At the same time, the author’s special research interest is focused on the interpretation of frame models of authentic denotative situations in comparison with their interpretations in high-quality and mass German newspapers, which made it possible to characterize the axiological attitude of the subjects of narrative in the media to cognitive-discursive events in the geopolitical space not only in Germany and The European Union, but also the global world as a whole. The scientific novelty of the article is due to the fact that it is the first to characterize the persuasive impact of language strategies for shaping public opinion during the narrative of the coronavirus pandemic in the German high-quality and mass press in a comparative way. This article is based on the hypothesis of the correlation between factual information selection and its axiological interpretation by the subject of a communicative action in the journalistic newspaper narrative on the COVID-19, which takes place in both high-quality and mass press. Therefore, when studying strategies for shaping public opinion in the narrative on the pandemic, it is relevant to analyze the linguistic and logicalsemantic ways of denotative news content presenting. The main method for studying empirical material in this article is a frame analysis of the relationship between the prototypical described denotative situation and its textual representation in the narrative from the high-quality and mass press, which also indicates the scientific novelty of this study. At the same time, the attention of the researcher was focused on the interpretation of the asymmetry of the above phenomena as an axiologically marked constant, symmetry as an axiologically neutral interpretation of information and dissymmetry as a semi-marked case in terms of persuasive influence.
Main directions of Iran’s regional policy in the South Caucasus in the post-soviet period (1991– 2011)
Authors:   North Ossetian State University named after K. Khetagurov, Dudaity A. K.
Published: June 2024

In the context of the new geopolitical realities that emerged in the post-Soviet space after 1991, the policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) in the direction of the South Caucasus became noticeably more active. During this period, the export ideology of the Islamic revolution became more restrained and cautious, which allowed Iran to take part in solving complex problems in the South Caucasus: in particular, at the very beginning of the armed conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, Tehran offered their services in its peaceful permission. Iran’s regional strategy strictly fit into the framework of the state ideology of the «Islamic» path of development, therefore, in the course of its implementation, various tactical methods and opportunities were involved. These issues continue to arouse increased interest among domestic researchers, and their study is relevant, bearing in mind the remaining threats to Russia’s national security interests in the South Caucasus direction. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that it contains a comprehensive analysis of the main directions of Iran’s regional policy in the South Caucasus, reveals its features and characteristics, as well as forms and methods of implementation. Particular attention is paid to issues related to the influence of internal and external factors on the complex processes of formation and development of Iran’s relations with the young states of the South Caucasus. The study found that in the course of conducting an anti-Western and, to a certain extent, independent of Russia foreign policy in the South Caucasus, Iran could not achieve noticeable success, since the influence and positions of Russia and the United States in the region remained strong. In general, the paper concludes that the hopes of Iran joining the circle of leading powers influencing the international situation in the South Caucasus were not destined to come true: in order to achieve this goal, first of all, it was necessary to strictly adhere to a pragmatic policy free from ideological layers, which was confirmed in the course of further development of events in the South Caucasus.