bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation of European mouflon depends on admixture of introduced individuals
Authors: Bužan Elena , Pokorny Boštjan , Urzi Felicita , Duniš Luka , Bončina Aja , Iacolina Laura , Šprem Nikica , Stipoljev Sunčica , Mereu Paolo , Leoni Giovanni , Pirastru Monica , Safner Toni
Published: May 2023

In mainland Europe, mouflon were first introduced in the 18th and 19th centuries, mainly in Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. In the early 20th century, mouflon were introduced in Croatia, while all introductions in Slovenia occurred in the 1950s and 1960s. Since the introduction, populations in both countries have remained largely stable, with occasional declines and increases in some areas. Due to several up-following introduction events, also using individuals with unknown origin, the genetic pool of the species might be very admixed; however, no genetic study has been made to date. Therefore, our aim was to: i) determine the origin of introduced mouflon in Slovenia and Croatia, ii) compare the neutral and adaptive genetic make-up of introduced populations. In genetic analyses, which were performed at neutral loci (partial fragment of mitochondrial control region, mtDNA CR) and adaptive major histocompatibility complex (MHC; DRB exon 2) using the next generation sequencing approach, we also included individuals from Germany, France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia), and the Czech Republic. The haplotype network based on mtDNA CR showed that most analysed mouflon from Slovenia shared the same haplotypes or were closely related to mouflon from Germany and Sardinia, and a few shared the same haplotypes as most mouflon from Croatia. Croatian mouflon from all studied populations shared the same or close haplotypes with individuals from the first Croatian population established in Brijuni Island National Park (northern Adriatic Sea) in the early 20th century. Similar results for populations in both countries were revealed by MHC genes. According to the genetic data, the population origins are generally in agreement with the written historical records, although there are indications of the introduction or release of extra individuals into certain colonies where historical data is lacking. Furthermore, our findings validate that both mitochondrial and MHC genetic diversity are useful tools for investigating the paths of translocation.
The Target Atlas for Antibody-Drug Conjugates across Solid Cancers
Authors: Fang Jiacheng , Guo Lei , Zhang Yanhao , Guo Qing , Wang Ming , Wang XiaoXiao
Published: May 2023

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) is a rapidly developing type of oncology therapeutic, spanning the targeted therapy for hematologic malignancies and solid cancers. A major requirement in ADC research is the identification of ideal surface antigens that can distinguish target cells from most mammalian cell types. Herein, we develop an algorithm and comply a comprehensive cell membrane protein annotation dataset integrated from the large transcriptome, proteome, and genome data from 19 types of solid cancer and normal tissues, to discover potentially therapeutic surface antigens for ADC targeting. The resulting target landscape includes 165 target-indication combinations and 75 cell surface protein candidates, 35 of which with features suitable for ADC targeting are never reported in ADC research and development. In addition, we identify a total of 159 ADCs from 760 clinical trials, 72 ADCs among them targeting 36 unique antigens are currently under interventional evaluation for various types of solid cancers. We analyze their normal tissue expression using the comprehensive annotation dataset and reveal a broad range of profiles for the current ADC targets. In addition, we emphasize that the biological effects of target antigens could improve their clinical actionability and put forward to comprehensively assess the drugability of target antigens from multiple aspects. This is the first attempt at pan-cancer ADC target exploration over the past two decades, and our findings indicate that the target atlas across solid cancers can provide great opportunities to expand the broader prospects of ADC therapies.
Treatment of long COVID complicated by postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Authors: Tsuchida Tomoya , Ishibashi Yuki , Inoue Yoko , Ishizuka Kosuke , Katayama Kohta , Hirose Masanori , Nakagama Yu , Kido Yasutoshi , Akashi Yoshihiro , Otsubo Takehito , Matsuda Takahide , Ohira Yoshiyuki
Published: May 2023

Purpose The coronavirus disease sequelae, known as long coronavirus disease may present with various symptoms. Among these symptoms, autonomic dysregulation, especially postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, should be evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the treatment course of long coronavirus disease, with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.Methods The medical records of patients who complained of fatigue and met the criteria for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome diagnosis were reviewed. Change in heart rate fatigue score, and employment/education status at the initial and last visits were evaluated.Results Thirty-two patients with long coronavirus disease complicated by postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome were followed up (16 male and 16 female; median age: 28 years). Three patients had acute-phase pneumonia. The follow-up period was 159 days, and the interval between coronavirus disease onset and initial hospital attendance was 97 days. Some patients responded to beta-blocker therapy. Many patients had psychiatric symptoms that required psychiatric intervention and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescription. Difference in heart rate and performance status, and employment/education status improved from the first to the last clinic visit. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection could be treated faster than the syndrome occurring in isolation. This was thought to be due to the effects of various treatment interventions and spontaneous improvements after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.Conclusion Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome evaluation must be considered when patients with symptoms of coronavirus disease complain of fatigue.
A dense microearthquake catalog reveals the complex rupture of the extremely shallow M5.1 Sparta, North Carolina Earthquake
Authors: Neves Miguel , Chuang Lindsay , Li Wei , Peng Zhigang , Figueiredo Paula , Ni Sidao
Published: May 2023

On August 9, 2020, an Mw5.1 earthquake ruptured the uppermost crust near the town of Sparta, North Carolina. The earthquake generated a ~2 km-long surface rupture, the first co-seismic faulting rupture identified in the Eastern United States. Combining deep learning earthquake phase picking, and matched filter detection, with differential-travel times relocation, we obtain a catalog of 1761 earthquakes with high-resolution locations, about 5.8 times the number of events listed in the standard NEIC catalog. Our results show the Sparta mainshock has a centroid depth of 1.3 km and nucleated near the intersection point of two fault strands, a blind strike-slip fault where the rupture possibly initiated, and a reverse fault associated with the identified surface rupture, possibly part of a flower structure-like diffuse fault zone. We also observe that earthquake stress drops during the Sparta sequence are on the lower end of estimates for similar magnitude Eastern North American earthquakes.
Serum KL-6 levels predict the occurrence and severity of treatment-related interstitial lung disease in lung cancer
Authors: Park Hwa Kyung , Yoon Chang-Seok , Na Young-Ok , Lee Jae-Kyeong , Oh Hyung-Joo , Park Ha-Young , Kho Bo-Gun , Kim Tae-Ok , Shin Hong-Joon , Kwon Yong-Soo , Oh In-Jae , Kim Yu-Il , Lim Sung-Chul , Kim Young-Chul , Park Cheol-Kyu
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) as potential biomarker for treatment-related ILD (TR-ILD) in lung cancer. We recruited patients with lung cancer in whom serum KL-6 was measured for differentiating between pneumonia and ILD (category 1), diagnosing and assessing the severity of suspicious TR-ILD (category 2), or evaluating baseline levels before cancer treatment (category 3). Among 1297 patients who underwent KL-6 testing, 422 had lung cancer, and TR-ILD was detected in 194 patients. In lung cancer patients, median KL-6 level was higher in patients with drug-induced ILD than in those without ILD or those with radiation pneumonitis, and it was correlated with the severity of TR-ILD. Elevated serum KL-6 (cutoff: 449.9 U/mL) was an independent risk factor of severe TR-ILD, and elevated serum KL-6 with normal serum procalcitonin was associated with severe TR-ILD rather than non-ILD respiratory disease or non-severe TR-ILD. Patients with high serum KL-6 levels had worse overall survival compared with those with low serum KL-6 levels, regardless of patients’ categories. Therefore, serum KL-6 may be surrogate marker for predicting the occurrence and assessing the severity of TR-ILD at the time of suspicious ILD events and before lung cancer treatment.
LncRNA SNHG15 regulates autophagy and prevents from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through mediating miR-153-3p/ATG5 axis
Authors: Yu Yunhu , Cai Yunpeng , Zhou Hang
Published: May 2023

Background: Ischemic stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) of small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG15) has been supposedly performed a regulatory role in many diseases. Nonetheless, the function of SNHG15 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been clarified.
Method:
The OGD/R of Neuro2A cells simulated the ischemic and reperfused states of the brain. Neuro2a cell line with stable transfection of plasmid with silent expression of SNHG15 was constructed. Neuro2a cell lines transfected with miR-153-3p mimic (miR-153-3p-mimics) and miR-153-3p inhibitor (miR-153-3p-inhibition) were constructed. Expression of SNHG15, mi R-200a, FOXO3 and ATG7 in mouse brain tissue and N2a cells were able to be identified by qRT-PCR. Western blot (WB) analysis of mouse brain tissue and Neuro2a cells revealed the presence of the proteins ATG5, Cle-caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, LC3 II/I, and P62 (WB). The representation and distribution of LC3B were observed by immunofluorescence. The death of cells was measured using a technique called flow cytometry (FACS).
Results: SNHG15 was highly expressed in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Down regulation of SNHG15 lead to lower apoptosis rate and decreased autophagy. Dual luciferase assay and co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) found lncRNA SNHG15/miR-153-3p/ATG5. Compared to cells transfected with NC suppression, cells transfected with miR-153-3p-inhibition had substantially greater overexpression of LC 3 II/I, ATG5, cle-Caspase-3, and Bax, as determined by a recovery experiment, the apoptosis rate was elevated, yet both P62 and Bcl-2 were significantly lower and LC3+ puncta per cells were significantly increased. Co-transfection of miR-153-3p-inhibition and sh-SNHG15 could reverse these results.
Conclusion: LncRNA SNHG15 regulated autophagy and prevented from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through mediating miR-153-3p/ATG5 axis.
Granulomatous Myocarditis Arising from Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Therapy Leading to Death Diagnosed by Post-Mortem Examination
Authors: Geetha Saroja Devi , Chavarria Hector Daniel , Abdelwahed Mohammed , Kataria Nidhi , Bijol Vanesa , Das Kasturi
Published: May 2023

Background:
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is used as a standard adjuvant therapy for non-muscle invasive urothelial cancer. Most patients tolerate the treatment well, with mild side effects. Systemic complications are extremely rare, occur due to BCG dissemination and are associated with immunocompromised state and urothelial breach.
Case presentation:
We present a case of a 78-year-old male, a former smoker, with history of non-invasive urothelial carcinoma status post partial resection followed by intravesical BCG therapy. An autopsy was performed due to the sudden nature of his death. Autopsy showed multiple necrotizing granulomas in the brain, atrium, ventricles, lungs, kidneys, and urinary bladder. Stains for acid fast bacilli and fungi were negative. In addition, bilateral lungs showed evidence of bronchopneumonia secondary to cytomegalovirus.
Conclusion:
Granulomatous myocarditis arising from BCG therapy is extremely rare. Our patient with urothelial cancer treated with BCG developed multi organ granulomas, most likely due to a hypersensitivity reaction to intravesical BCG. Arrhythmia induced by granulomatous myocarditis was the cause of his death. Though there have been few cases of systemic BCG-osis causing fatal sepsis leading to death, a cardiac cause of death is unique.
Machine learning based digital mapping of soil properties in mid-Himalayan terrain
Authors: Rengma Nyenshu Seb , Yadav Manohar , Kalambukattu Justin George , Kumar Suresh
Published: May 2023

Soil physico-chemical properties influence ecosystem services and subsequently human’s lives, therefore soil information is crucial for promoting sustainable land use and ensuring the long-term health and productivity of soils. In environmentally vulnerable regions like the Himalayas, where rapid socio-economic development is seen and expected to grow, it is imperative to precisely map the soil information in the landscape to protect and manage it sustainably. The demand for applying artificial intelligence to automate a variety of tasks for its ability to learn and analyze large datasets has enabled the applications of different machine learning methods for digital soil mapping (DSM) approach. Despite the growing number of ML algorithms used in DSM, no studies have used preprocessing technique like resampling for soil datasets for supervised ML regression model. The main objective of this study is the mapping and analyses of soil texture and organic carbon mapping using a random forest regression (RFR) model of an area in the mid-Himalayas by employing more than 100 environmental covariates. The study uses gaussian noise up-sampling technique to resample the small imbalanced soil datasets from the highly undulating terrain, resulting in significantly accurate maps. Model performances, evaluated against an unknown dataset were significant with an R-square of 0.80, 0.79, 0.72, and 0.84 for clay, sand, silt, and SOC, respectively, and their respective mean absolute error and root mean square error are reported. Further, sensitivity analysis of the environmental covariates contributing to the model resulted in effective contribution of all the soil forming factors.
Systematic analysis of fertility and clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technology in Chinese patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: wang liang , Liu Yan , Pang Wenjuan , Wang Xiang , Hu Yu , Li Zhaodi , Sun Ningxia
Published: May 2023

This study attended to systematically analyze the patients’ fertility and clinical outcomes of ART who suffered with ADPKD. Methods: 61 couples who underwent PGT-M at our Centre from January 2015 to July 2021 were selected for retrospective analysis. Patients were divided into Group Aand B.
Results: Our data showed the high-quality embryo rate of Group A was higher than that of Group B (70.1% vs.51.3%, P<0.05), indicating that the PKD gene may have affected their fertility. In frozen-thawed embryos transfer (FET) cycles, no significant differences were found in clinical pregnancy rate, the abortion rate, and live birth rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The analysis of fertility-related data showed that there was no significant correlation by further comparing the ADPKD gene mutation sites, and no significant difference in the euploidy rate of embryos between Group A and B (66.7% vs. 72.6%, P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The ADPKD gene was not significantly associated with patients' good-quality embryo rates. Although male patients who suffered from ADPKD showed a higher proportion of teratospermia and severe oligoasthenospermia,which resulted in a lower good embryo quality rate, the euploidy rate of embryos or clinical outcome of ART was not significantly affected.
An Innovative Smart Android App Solution for Improved University Management
Authors: Joshi Rohit Chandra Joshi Rohit Chandra , Patel Vivek Raj Patel Vivek Raj , Mishra Abhijeet Mishra Abhijeet , Kumar Sandeep Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2023

In this era of technology, it is needed for us to be wittier than technology and upgrade with time, in every university or college it is a rigorous task to take attendance, create timetables, show timetables, and show student marks. Previously register was used to mark attendance then with technology MS excel and other applications came in and made attendance much easier to store but it is not enough now we need more efficiency and more functionality in one place. In this paper we provide an efficient way to solve all this using a web application as well as a mobile application for students to view their attendance and teachers to mark their attendance by face recognition and can check marks, and upload marks, Students can check their attendance by selecting a particular date, and teachers can check attendance for a particular student on which date they are present, and attendance for each student will be marked in that slot for the day, also the teacher can fetch the detail of those students who bunked the classes, each student can look over their marks after logging in and selecting the marks module, the timetable will be updated and mapped with attendance so that face attendance can be mapped with each slot.
Research of radioactivity level around Daya Bay Nuclear Power Base
Authors: Feng jiangping , Zhang Jinfan , Guo Jianfeng , Liu Yan
Published: May 2023

In order to assess the impact of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Base on the surrounding environment during its operation, the radioactive level of the surrounding environmental media was monitored and investigated according to the monitoring standard (HJ 61-2021). The monitoring results show that during the operation of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Base, the radioactivity level of the surrounding environmental media is at the natural background level. The nuclear power base did not cause radioactive pollution to the surrounding environment. The research results provide technical support for nuclear emergency response and data basis for evaluating the impact of Fukushima radioactive waste water.
Мulticomponents of spin-spin relaxation, anisotropy of the echo decay, and nanoporous sample structure
Authors: Aptekarev Theodore , Furman Gregory , Sokolovsky Vladimir , Panich Alexander , Xia Yang
Published: May 2023

We have experimentally and theoretically investigated multicomponent1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) echo decays in a-Si:H films containing anisotropic nanopores, in which randomly moving hydrogen molecules are entrapped. The experimental results are interpreted within the framework of the previously developed theory, in which a nanoporous material is represented as a set of nanopores containing liquid or gas, and the relaxation rate is determined by the dipole–dipole spin interaction, considering the restricted motion of molecules inside the pores. Previously, such characteristics of a nanostructure as the average volume of pores and their orientation distribution were determined from the angular dependences of the spin–spin and spin–lattice relaxation times. We propose a new approach to the analysis of the NMR signal, the main advantage of which is the possibility of obtaining nanostructure parameters from a single decay of the echo signal. In this case, there is no need to analyze the anisotropy of the relaxation time T2, the determination of which is a rather complicated problem in multicomponent decays. Despite multicomponent signals, the fitting parameter associated with the size and shape of nanopores is determined quite accurately. This made it possible to determine the size and shape of nanopores in a-Si:H films, herewith our estimates are in good agreement with the results obtained by other methods. The fitting of the decays also provides information about the nanostructure of the sample, such as the standard deviations of the angular distribution of pores and the polar and azimuthal angles of the average direction of the pore axes relative to the sample axis, with reasonable accuracy. The approach makes it possible to quantitatively determine the parameters of the non-spherical nanoporous structure from NMR data in a non-destructive manner.
Inequities and trends of polio immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Fekadu Hailu , Mekonnen Wubegzier , Adugna Aynalem , Kloos Helmut , Hailemariam Damen *
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Despite Ethiopia’s policy intension to provide recommended vaccination services to underprivileged populations, inequity in polio immunization persist. Objective: This study examined inequity and trends in polio immunization and determinant factors among children age 12–23 months in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2019. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016 and 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health surveys were analyzed with the updated version of the WHO’s Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software. Six standard equity measures: equity gaps, equity ratios, population attributable risk, population attributable fraction, slope index of inequality and relative index of inequality were used. Datasets were analyzed and disaggregated by the five equality stratifiers: economic status, education, place of residence, sex of the child and regions. And multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinant factors. Results: Polio immunization coverage 34.5% (2000), 44.7% (2005), 44.3% (2011), 56.4% (2016) and 60.0% (2019). Wealth index-related inequity in coverage of polio immunization between quintiles 5 and 1were greater than 20 percentage points or higher for all surveys. The population attributable risk and population attributable fraction measure in 2011 indicate that the national polio immunization coverage in that year could have been improved by nearly 36 and 81 percentage points respectively if absolute and relative wealth driven inequity, respectively, had been avoided. Coverage varied across regions; the absolute difference between Addis Ababa and Afar Region in polio immunization was 74 percentage points in 2000 and 60 percentage points in 2019. At the individual level, factors like Wealth index, maternal education antenatal care (ANC), and place of deliver were showed statistical significance. At the community level region and place of residence significantly influence equity in polio immunization. Conclusion: Although polio immunization coverage gradually increased over time, in the 20-year survey periods, inequities in coverage by wealth, educational-status, urban-rural residence and administrative regions persisted. Increasing service coverage and improving equitable access to immunizations services may narrow the existing inequity gaps.
Phosphorus recovery from pig manure fermentation supernatant by pH enhanced anaerobic fermentation and vivianite crystallization
Authors: Chen tengshu , song xingfu , Xing mengyao
Published: May 2023

Taking pig manure as the research object, anaerobic fermentation was carried out through different pH adjustments to collect phosphorus -rich supernatant. Under acidic conditions, the effect of promoting phosphorus(P) release was better. The highest Total P (TP) content in the supernatant was 1.46 times that of the control group(NC), and the highest PO43−-P content was 1.71 times that of the control group. Under alkaline conditions, the effect of alkali promoting P release is poor, the maximum TDP content is only 0.89 times of that of the control group, and the maximum PO43− P content is only 0.94 times of that of the NC. The fermentation supernatant was treated in a two-chamber electrolytic tank, and more than 90% of P was recovered, and 84.66% purity of vivianite was obtained.
Survey of Wastewater Issues Due to Oil Spills and Pollution in the Niger Delta Area of Nigeria: A Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: Ewim Daniel , Orikpete Ochuko F , Scott Temiloluwa O. , Onyebuchi Chisom N , Onukogu Amanda O , Onunka Chiemela
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the issue of wastewater due to oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which has led to significant environmental and socioeconomic consequences for local communities. The study employed a secondary data collection approach, drawing on various sources, including published research articles, reports, official records, and satellite imagery. Through a systematic review and synthesis of the available literature, the paper identified key challenges, mitigation and remediation strategies, policy recommendations, and areas for future research. The findings of this study revealed that the existing regulatory framework has not been fully effective in preventing and addressing oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta region due to factors such as weak enforcement, inadequate resources, and overlapping responsibilities among regulatory agencies. Moreover, existing measures for oil spill response, clean-up, compensation, and remediation have had limited success, leaving affected communities to continue suffering from the impacts of oil spills and pollution. The paper highlights the potential of innovative approaches and technologies, such as advanced oil spill detection and monitoring technologies, bioremediation, and renewable energy, to enhance the effectiveness of mitigation and remediation efforts. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of collaboration and cooperation among various stakeholders, including government agencies, oil companies, local communities, civil society organizations, and international partners, in addressing the challenges posed by oil spills and pollution in the Niger Delta region. Based on the findings, the paper presents several policy recommendations, such as strengthening the regulatory framework, enhancing transparency and accountability, promoting community participation and empowerment, and encouraging investment in sustainable development and clean technologies. These recommendations aim to inform and inspire policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders to develop and implement effective strategies for mitigating and remediating the adverse impacts of oil spills and pollution on the environment, local communities, and the Nigerian economy. Finally, the paper identified several areas for future research, including the effectiveness of specific regulatory tools and enforcement mechanisms, the long-term impacts of oil spills and pollution, the potential of emerging technologies, the role of corporate social responsibility initiatives, the impact of public awareness campaigns and educational programs, and the effectiveness of international partnerships and collaborations.
Government High Education Policy in a Dual Economy: Developing versus Developed Country
Authors: Strawczynski Michel
Published: May 2023

By simulating social planner's optimal redistributive policy, this paper analyzes government's high education policy in a dual economy composed by skilled workers that invest in education and unskilled workers that do not. In a developed economy, characterized by an equilibrium with low educational costs, the government subsidizes high education and maximizes output, allowing for substantial tax revenues that are re-distributed through transfers to the unskilled. In contrast, a developing economy is submerged in a bad equilibrium, avoiding subsidizing high education at the expense of increasing output; by acting this way, the government succeeds on performing substantial re-distribution, obtaining higher social utility that is inclusive of unskilled workers. When the developing economy is trapped in a bad equilibrium, I show that its situation can be improved by receiving a designated high-education subsidy from an international institution.
JEL Classifications: H21
Surgical options for distal radius fractures in elderly patients over 65 years old: A comparison of external fixation and volar locking plate
Authors: Zhang He , Liu Man , Duan Si-Yu , Liang Hai-Rui , Xu Rong-Da , Cai Zhen-Cun
Published: May 2023

Background Due to the lack of consensus on the optimal surgical treatment for distal radius fractures (DRF) in elderly patients over 65 years old, the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of external fixation (EF) with Kirschner wires and volar locking plate (VLP) in the treatment of DRF through a retrospective cohort study. We hypothesized that there would be no significant difference in overall complications and functional recovery between the two methods.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 62 patients over 65 years old who underwent surgical treatment for C-type DRF between 2019 and 2022. Based on the different treatment methods, they were divided into the EF group and the VLP group. General data, inpatient data, and postoperative complications during follow-up were recorded. The X-ray images before surgery, after surgery, and at the last follow-up were analyzed, and the results of wrist motion range, Gartland-Werley wrist joint score, and DASH score were evaluated 6 months after surgery for both groups.Result Thirty patients underwent closed reduction and external fixation combined with Kirschner wire fixation, while 32 underwent open reduction and VLP fixation. The EF group had significantly shorter operation time, intraoperative blood loss, injury-to-surgery time, and hospital stay compared to the VLP group (all p < 0.001). At the last follow-up, the radiographic parameters (ulnar variance and radial inclination) and wrist joint function (wrist dorsiflexion and forearm supination) were better in the VLP group than in the EF group (p = 0.04, p = 0.01, p = 0.001, p = 0.02, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in overall Gartland-Werley wrist joint score, DASH score, and incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (p = 0.31, p = 0.25, p = 0.47, respectively).Conclusion For patients over 65 years of age with poor cardiopulmonary function who cannot tolerate long surgery, EF fixation is recommended. EF fixation can also be considered for severely comminuted C2 and C3 fractures or patients with severe osteoporosis. VLP, because of its ability to provide better wrist joint mobility, remains a preferred option for general DRF patients.
Studying chemical elements influencing the serpentinization of magnetite, chromite, magnesite, and lizardite by using empirical formulas and principal component analysis
Authors: Mitwally Eslam M.A. , Yu Bing-Sheng
Published: May 2023

This study used principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce data complexity and identify variables influencing in the chemical compositions of minerals. Empirical formulas were also derived to identify such factors. According to the empirical formulas and PCA results, major chemical elements namely Fe3+, Fe2+, Mg, Mn, Co, Cr, and Si are more influenced in the chemical compositions of magnetite minerals sampled from the Shoufeng Lixin and Ruisui mines. The influence of other elements namely Al, Ni, Zn, Ti, V, and Ca are differed between samples. According to the empirical formulas, the major chemical elements influencing in the chemical compositions of lizardite minerals from the Shoufeng Lixin and Ruisui mines were Mg, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn, Cr, Al, Si, and P. Other elements influencing in the chemical compositions of the lizardite were Co, Na, K, and Ca. Also, the major elements influencing the compositions of magnesite from the Shoufeng and Lixin mines were Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, Cr, Mn, Fe3+, Fe2+, and Co. Notably, for the chromite samples, including both grains and veins, from the Shoufeng Lixin and Ruisui mines, the same chemical elements influenced in the chemical composition of chromite, as determined from the empirical formulas; these elements were Cr, Fe3+, Fe2+, Mg, Mn, Co, Zn, Ni, Si, Al, Ti, and V.
Devising Ceramic Tiles Texture featuring Semi-automatic Image Clustering and Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Abdullah Labib , Chowdhury Md. Ashfaqul Azam , Noor Abrar Rafid , Irtiza Md. Sakib , Shawon Md. Tanvir Rouf , Mahbub Md. Shahriar
Published: May 2023

Neural network-based generation has become a promising area of research with diverse applications in recent years, such as generating synthetic data, medical images, celebrity faces and so on. In this study, we try to investigate the potential of generative models in the field of ceramic tiles design. Specifically, we employ DCGAN and WGAN-GP to generate textures of ceramic tiles. Our dataset undergoes a semi-automated pre-processing stage, which has been crucial for achieving high-quality outputs. We analyse the performances and outputs of both the models. To examine the spatial quality of the produced outputs, employing statistical calculation and collecting survey reviews from professionals in the ceramic tile industry have been done to gather better insights. Our results demonstrate the potential of generative models for producing realistic ceramic tiles textures and suggest this work holds promise for improving the creativity and efficiency of ceramic tiles design process.
Normalized solutions for the discrete Schrödinger equations
Authors: Xie Qilin , Xiao Huafeng
Published: May 2023

In the present paper, we consider the existence of solutions with a prescribed $l^2$-norm for the following discrete Schr\"{o}dinger equations, \begin{equation*}\begin{cases}-\Delta^2 u_{k-1}-f(u_k)= \lambda u_k \ \ \ k\in\mathbb{Z}, \\\sum_{k\in \mathbb Z}|u_k|^2=\alpha^2,\end{cases}\end{equation*}where $\Delta^2 u_{k-1}=u_{k+1}+u_{k-1}-2u_k$, $f\in C(\mathbb R) $, $\alpha$ is a fixed constant and $\lambda\in \mathbb R$ arises as a Lagrange multiplier. In order to get the solutions, we investigate the corresponding minimizing problem with $l^2$-norm constraint:$$E_\alpha=\inf\left\{\frac{1}{2}\sum |\Delta u_{k-1}|^2-\sum F(u_k):\ \ \ \sum| u_{k}|^2=\alpha^2 \right\}.$$An elaborative analysis on a minimizing sequence with respect to $E_\alpha$ is obtained.We prove that there is a constant $\alpha_0\geq0$ such that there exists a global minimizer if $\alpha>\alpha_0$ and there exists no global minimizer if $\alpha<\alpha_0$. It seems that it is the first time to consider the solution with a prescribed $l^2$-norm of the discrete Schr\"{o}dinger equations.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35Q51, 39A12, 39A70.
An advanced approach for Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variation in Rainfall and its Impact on Stream Flow Discharge in Chaliyar River Basin of Kerala
Authors: K Naveena , Sajan Devika P. , U Surendran , Shada Baheerah , mathi Banu
Published: May 2023

Understanding the precise spatiotemporal movements of rainfall and its relationship with streamflow moment is crucial for effective water resource management in the Western Ghats region, particularly in the Chaliyar basin where extreme events have increased, resulting in repetitive disasters. To investigate the impact of rainfall variations on stream flow discharge in the basin, it is necessary to conduct a long-term analysis of rainfall and stream discharge data. To conduct this study, daily rainfall and stream discharge data were collected from three rain gauging and one streamflow gauging station over a period of 30 years. Data were subjected to analysis using different statistical methods such as the Modified Mann-Kendall test, Innovative Polygonal Trend Analysis (IPTA), and cross correlation analysis. The results revealed significant differences in rainfall and subsequent discharge data, with September rainfall showing a significant trend across the basin. Extreme events such as consecutive wet days and 20mm/day rainfall exhibited an increasing trend in all stations, and IPTA results indicated a significant shift in successive transition of rainfall in the South West Monsoon months. Stream flow analysis indicated an increasing trend in stream flow during September, with discharge higher than normal during this month. The cross-correlation analysis showed a delay of approximately 13, 8, and 11 days, respectively, for the rainfall to reach the stream gauge at these stations during September. These findings highlight the need to re-plan effective water resource management strategies in the Chaliyar river basin, taking into account the delay between rainfall events and the corresponding rise in stream-flow.
Landmark Base Point Approach to Positional Accuracy Analysis for Historical Geographic Map Applications Before WWI: A case study 1914 German Blue and 1836 Moltke about in Historical Peninsula of Istanbul
Authors: Sahin Cumhur , Ergun Bahadir , Bilucan Furkan
Published: May 2023

Thanks to advances in current technology and computer software, mathematical computations and engineering applications that used to require hours or even days can now be performed quickly. Cartography, unquestionably one of the world's oldest branches of scientific study, is among the fields that have been most influenced by technological improvements. These improvements have enhanced interest in historical maps while also paving the way for modern mapping. All of this process has created new topics of study for cartographers. Also, it is possible to examine old maps using the Map Analyst software which can enable the investigation of time dependent changes. Helmert, Affine and Huber loss function as robust estimation method were analysed. Thanks to the distortion grids, it can be observed in which region the movement is denser. In this study, by using 29 absolute tie points, the old Istanbul maps (the German Blue maps produced in 1913-1914 and the Moltke maps produced in 1836-1837) were compared with the new maps. Additionally, it is aimed to observe the change in the field of cartography with the opportunities offered by the latest software and to provide support to reliable data. It has been observed that a comparison can be made by using the points on the historical maps of Istanbul with the corresponding points on a new contemporary map.
Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Implication and Prognostic Value of CCDC137 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ho Mei-Yi , Hong Qing-Ting , Bao Ting-Yu , Shen Hao-Ran , Chen Ji-Chun , Guo Xu‑Guang
Published: May 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most predominant pathological type of primary liver cancer and is a serious threat to people's lives and health worldwide. In this study, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to explore the immunological role of CCDC137 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic value, and a predictive model containing CCDC137-related immune modulators was developed using Cox regression analysis. Levels of CCDC137 were significantly higher in liver tissue of HCC patients than in normal tissue, and CCDC137 expression was also significantly correlated with pathological stage, tumor stage, and the expression of CCDC137 was also significantly correlated with pathological stage, tumor stage, and histological grade. The robustness of the predictive ability of the model was fully validated by plotting ROC curves and nomograms and by the external validation cohort of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Our model provides additional options for targeted, immune-based systemic therapy.
Efficacy and executive function of solution focused brief therapy on adolescent depression：A study of prefrontal hemodynamic functions using fNIRS
Authors: Chen Haisi , Zhou Mengmeng , Luo Hong , Yu Zhenghe
Published: May 2023

To explore the efficacy and executive function of solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) on adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 129 adolescents with MDD were recruited, of whom 28 received solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT group) and 25 received pcychodynamic psychotherapy (AC group). Executive function, depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed at baseline (T0), at the time of the third intervention (T3), the sixth intervention (T6), and the 10th intervention (T10). After the third intervention, the scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 of the participants in the SFBT group decreased significantly, which had the cumulative effect at the 6th and 10th interventions. The verbal fluency task (VFT) performances of the SFBT group participants yielded significantly higher scores after the third intervention and remained increasing at the 6th and 10th interventions. The AC group steadily decreased after the intervention. fNIRS data showed that the mean oxy-Hb values of channels 3, 11 and 12 were gradually significantly increased in the SFBT group than the AC group after 10th interventions. SFBT might improve depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as executive function of adolescent depression.
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YR29 is able to accumulate Pb2+ in vacuoles: a yeast with bioremediation potential
Authors: de Paz Gabriela Angeles , Gutiérrez Hugo Martínez , Granillo Adrián Ramírez , Villegas Edgar Oliver López , Medina-Canales María Gabriela , Rodríguez-Tovar Aida Verónica
Published: May 2023

In response to pollution, microorganisms showed unique mechanisms to resist and detoxify harmful metals. This study shows the relationship between presence of heavy metals and plant growth regulator compounds. Additionally, the responses of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YR29 isolated from the rhizosphere of Prosopis sp. growing in a polluted mine jal in Mexico are presented. This research carries out a phenotypic characterization of R. mucilaginosa to identify response mechanisms to metals and confirm its potential as a bioremediation agent. Firstly, Plant Growth-Promoting (PGP) compounds were assayed using the Chrome Azurol S (CAS) medium and the Salkowski method. Then, to clarify its heavy metal tolerance mechanisms, several techniques were performed, such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) supplemented with assorted detectors. Likewise, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was used for elementary mapping of the cell. Further, yeast viability after all treatments was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results have suggested that R. mucilaginosa could be a PGP yeast capable of triggering Pb2+ biosorption (representing 22.93% of the total cell surface area, the heavy metal is encapsulated between the cell wall and the microcapsule), and Pb2+ bioaccumulation (representing 11% of the total weight located in the vacuole). Based on these results, R. mucilaginosa as a bioremediation agent and its wide range of useful mechanisms for ecological purposes are highlighted.
Clinical predictive value of methylated SEPT9 combined with NLR, PLR and LMR in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yan Bokang , Huang Meiyuan , Deng Shuang , Yang Zhenyu , Deng Yi , Chen Dongliang
Published: May 2023

Purpose This study aimed to investigate clinical predictive values of methylated septin9 (mSEPT9) combined with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods 329 subjects composed of 114 CRC patients, 105 polyps patients and 104 healthy participants were prospectively recruited. Clinicopathologic features were collected and analyzed. Plasma samples were collected for mSEPT9, NLR, PLR and LMR test. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of each biomarker separately or in combination were estimated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results The levels of NLR and PLR and the positive detection rate (PDR) of mSEPT9 in CRC patients were obviously higher than non-CRC subjects, while LMR was the opposite. The PDR of mSEPT9 in CRC patients was significantly correlated with age, tumor size, tumor stage and M stage. ROC curve analysis demonstrated moderate diagnostic values of mSEPT9, NLR, PLR and LMR in CRC patients with AUC of 0.78 (Se = 0.68, and Sp = 0.89), 0.78 (Se = 0.68, and Sp = 0.83), 0.80 (Se = 0.68, and Sp = 0.81), and 0.77 (Se = 0.72, and Sp = 0.73), respectively. Combination of these four biomarkers dramatically enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of CRC (AUC = 0.92, Se = 0.90, and Sp = 0.87), especially CRC patients with large tumors (AUC = 0.95) or distal metastasis (AUC = 0.95).Conclusion mSEPT9, NLR, PLR and LMR showed the potential to be reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC. Combination of all together further improved the diagnostic accuracy of CRC.
Long-wave opsin involved in body color plastic development in the brown planthopper
Authors: Lu Jia-Bao , Li Ze-Dong , Ye Zhuang-Xin , Huang Hai-Jian , Chen Jian-Ping , Li Jun-Min , Zhang Chuan-Xi
Published: May 2023

Background Opsin is an important molecular basis of the visual system, besides, it was discovered that opsins have also evolved additional functions despite color vision. However, the study of the unconventional function has been limited to a few species. With the increasing number of genome databases, various numbers and types of opsins have been identified in insects due to gene duplications or losses. The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, BPH) is a Hemipteran rice pest known for its long-distance migration capability. Opsins in BPH were identified and characterized by analyzing the genome and transcriptome. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to investigate the functions of opsins, and the potential molecular mechanism was studied by the Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform-based transcriptome sequencing.Results Four opsins belonging to G protein-coupled receptors were identified in BPH genome, including one long-sensitive opsin (Nllw) and three ultraviolet-sensitive opsins (NlUV1-3). A tandem array of NlUV1/2 on chromosome suggested a gene duplication event, with similar exons distribution. Spatiotemporal expression modes showed that the four opsins were highly expressed in eye with age-different expression levels, indicating functional differentiation. RNAi targeting each of the four opsins did not significantly affect the survival of BPH in phytotron, but silencing of Nllw resulted in melanism of the body color. Further transcriptome analysis revealed up-regulation of a tyrosine hydroxylase gene (NlTH) and down-regulation of an arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferases gene (NlaaNAT) in BPH, indicating that Nllw is involved in body color plastic development through the tyrosine-mediated melanism pathway.Conclusions This study provides the first evidence in a Hemipteran insect that an opsin (Nllw) takes part in the regulation of cuticle melanization, confirming the visual system cross-talks with the morphological differentiation in insects.