bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politeness Strategies and Maxims in English for Islamic texts: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Quran
Authors: Jewad Hamid Gittan , Ghabanchi Zargham , Ghazanfari Mohammad
Published: February 2020

This research tackles two chapters from the Holy Quran, the sura of Prophet Yusuf, and the sura of the Cave (al-Kahf) to find out whether the theories of Leech (1983) and Brown and Levinson (1987) can be applied to find out the positive and negative politeness strategies and the politeness maxims. The Leech’s model (1983) consists of six maxims, and for Brown and Levinson (1987), consists of two major politeness strategies. It consists of two principles of politeness, where one of them is positive, and the other is negative politeness. This study aims at investigating politeness strategies, and politeness principle linguistically in two Suras from the Holy Quran, how politeness strategies and politeness maxims used within the Holy Quran. This study tries to investigate the image of the main characters in the most sacred book. A qualitative approach is employed to provide interpretations of selected verses. In this paper, we will discuss the politeness strategies, positive and negative politeness strategies, and politeness maxims. The study falls into two parts. It begins briefly to overview the theoretical framework underlying politeness, in particular discussing some definitions of politeness and politeness principle and its maxims, exploring the face theory and its strategies by Brown and Levinson, and how far these strategies affect polite style then, dealing with politeness maxims by Leech. The other part displays a practical application of what has presented theoretically. Also, the researcher examined the politeness strategies, and politeness maxims of two Suras (Yusuf and Al-Kahf). Moreover, the study observed that approximately the majority of negative politeness in two suras then positive politeness, and the last one is politeness maxims.
The sacred Mahakala in the Hindu and Buddhist texts
Authors: Rana Poonam R L
Published: February 2020

Mahakala is the God of Time, Maya, Creation, Destruction and Power. He is affiliated with Lord Shiva. His abode is the cremation grounds and has four arms and three eyes, sitting on five corpse. He holds trident, drum, sword and hammer. He rubs ashes from the cremation ground. He is surrounded by vultures and jackals. His consort is Kali. Both together personify time and destructive powers. The paper deals with Sacred Mahakala and it mentions legends, tales, myths in Hindus and Buddhist texts. It includes various types, forms and iconographic features of Mahakalas. This research concludes that sacred Mahakala is of great significance to both the Buddhist and the Hindus alike.
Big data: issues, trends, problems, controversies in ASEAN perspective
Authors: Haviluddin Haviluddin , Alfred Rayner
Published: February 2020

Big Data has a characteristics is size, new opportunities and have the potential to transform corporations and government and its interactions with the public. This paper attempts to offer a broader definition of Big Data that captures it is other unique and defining characteristics. This paper presents a consolidated description of Big Data by integrating definitions from practitioners and academics. In addition, we summarize the issues, trends, problems and controversies related to Big Data (technology, applications, and people) from infrastructure (i.e., hardware and software), technology for Big Data Analytics (BDA), management, educational and scientists, and government-related to policies perspectives in order to support the Economic Community ASEAN (AEC) era.
Research of fuzzy implications via fuzzy linear regression in data analysis for a fuzzy model
Authors: Ellina G. , Papaschinopoulos G. , Papadopoulos B.K.
Published: February 2020

The effect of eutrophication is characterized by dense algal and plant growth due to the enrichment of nutrients for photosynthesis. As a result, it often plays an important role to the formation of plants that float in the surface of a water body. When nutrients are increasing in aquatic ecosystems, the photosynthetic plants grow rapidly. As a result, the algae limit the amount of dissolved oxygen required for respiration by other species in the water. Multi-criteria analysis has helped us towards the understanding and estimation of all physical, chemical and biological functions. In this paper, the examined water body, as a rich and variable system, is an ideal case for our study. Our purpose is to investigate some of the factors responsible for eutrophication (water temperature, nitrates, total phosphorus, Secchi depth, chlorophyll-a) using fuzzy logic. In this method, there are infinite numbers of fuzzy implications which can be used, since the proposition can take any value in the close interval [0,1]; hence, the investigation of the most appropriate implication is required. In this paper, we propose a method of evaluating fuzzy implications constructing triangular fuzzy numbers for all of the studied factors coming from statistical data. The deviation of the true value is the key for the selection of the most appropriate fuzzy implication describing the functions and the mechanisms in this ecosystem.
Arsen Rychinsky about national churches as a way of realizing the universal content of Christianity
Authors: Kondratyk Leonid
Published: February 2020

We consider our task to give an analysis of A. Richinsky's views on the problem of correlation between Christian universalism and nationalism and the emergence of national Christian churches. For Ritsynsky, the question of the relation between religious universalism and nationalism was not merely theoretical. It was of a purely practical practical nature, since it touched the sphere of independence of Ukrainian religious and ecclesiastical life. That is why it was necessary to find out "Is the separation of the Ukrainian people in their religious development justified from a Christian point of view? Do we dare to cherish our church-national tradition of creating our own religious culture? After all, Christianity is a universal outlook. not a Jew. On the contrary, would it not require the elimination of national differences, the transformation of all humanity into one supranational cast and the creation of a religious International? This is a matter of fundamental importance. "
KONTRIBUSI ILMU GARĪB AL-ḤADĪṠ DALAM MEMAHAMI HADIS
Authors: Baiquni Ach
Published: February 2020

Bahasa Arab yang digunakan pada masa kehidupan Nabi Muhammad sebagian kalimatnya berbeda dengan bahasa Arab yang digunakan pada massa pembukuan hadis sehingga para ahli hadis pada masa itu, susah memahami sebagian makna hadis dan kata-kata yang terdapat dalam teks hadis yang tidak populer di kalangan mereka. Hal ini terjadi karena bahasa Arab telah mengalami akulturasi dengan bahasa non Arab yang diakibatkan oleh banyaknya orang non Arab masuk Islam. Kata-kata yang susah dipahami tersebut dikenal dengan istilah garīb (asing). Kajian yang membahas kata asing dalam hadis disebut dengan ilmu garīb hadis. Ilmu ini sudah banyak berkontribusi membantu para ahli hadis yang tidak memahami makna hadis. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menelusuri seberapa besar kontribusi ilmu garīb hadis dalam memahami hadis?. Adapun metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan dengan menelusuri kata-kata asing (garīb) yang terdapat dalam teks hadis dan digunakan oleh pensyarah hadis. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kajian ilmu garīb hadis cukup membantu pensyarah hadis untuk memahami kandungan hadis.
Our
daily soil
Authors: Kisić Ivica
Published: February 2020

Sustainable soil management is imperative for agriculture development in
any area of the planet Earth so that future generations can enjoy the benefits Earth provides, which is the production of sufficient quantities of healthy food on the soils with preserved natural fertility. Awareness of the need for sustainable development is already present to a
certain degree. Therefore, it is necessary to use all of the scientific
and professional potential to create appropriate research programs and the implementation of those results in practice.
Epidemiological and clinical aspects of chronic pyelonephritis in pregnant women and osteopathic follow-up of pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis
Authors: Nenashkina E. N. , Tregubova E. S. , Belash V. O.
Published: February 2020

The article considers current issues of epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis in pregnant women at the present stage, and demonstrates its effect on the gestational process and perinatal outcomes. The article presents classification of chronic pyelonephritis in pregnant women, the main clinical manifestations, as well as the possibilities for diagnosis of the disease. Both medical and non-medical treatment methods are considered. Particular attention is paid to osteopathic diagnosis and correction of somatic dysfunctions in pregnant women in order to prevent exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis and reduce the risk of obstetric complications.
Secondary effects and quality of life with chemotherapy: assessing the impact of an osteopathic treatment (multicentric randomized clinical trial)
Authors: Favier N. , Guinet A. G. , Nageleisen M. , Ceccaldi B. , Pujade-Lauraine E. , LeFoll Ch. , Soudain-Pineau M. , Turlin C. , Stubbe L.
Published: February 2020

The goal of research.The purpose of this work was to assess the effectiveness of osteopathic treatment aimed to improve the quality of life of patients receiving chemotherapy.

Materials and methods.The study was conducted by four osteopaths at the oncology departments of four hospitals in Paris region. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients of the first group received osteopathic treatment first, and then a placebo was used. Patients of the second group received the placebo first and then osteopathic treatment. We used a cross-protocol during two consecutive courses of treatment: each patient served as his or her own control. During the treatment stage osteopathic therapy was used; when the patient was control, the osteopathic treatment was imitated. A modified QLQ-C30 questionnaire was used as an evaluation criterion. It was fi lled in three times: before osteopathic treatment (control), after real treatment (treatment) and after simulated treatment (placebo).

Results.The study involved 40 patients — 27 women and 13 men. The differences between the treatment and control stages were very highly significant for such criteria as nausea, vomiting and shortness of breath, highly significant for such criteria as fatigue, and significant for such criteria as pain and sleep disturbance. Efficiency was statistically higher compared with placebo for all of these criteria. No differences were found associated with the sequence of real or simulated treatment, as well as with the variability of osteopaths in different centers.

Conclusion.The results of this study indicate that osteopathy is a clinically effective method of correction of side effects in patients receiving chemotherapy. These results are interesting enough to suggest that the presence of osteopaths at oncology departments may be useful for cancer patients. Subsequent studies should confirm these results and quantify the effectiveness of osteopathic correction, so that it could be fully integrated into the classical treatment.
Osteopathic support of sportsmen during the annual training process
Authors: Yakupov R. A. , Safiullina G. I. , Safiullina A. A. , Burganov E. R.
Published: February 2020

Introduction.Modern sports places high demands on the functional systems of the body at all stages of the training and competitive processes. High loads create signifi cant background for the occurrence of musculoskeletal diseases, among which the myofascial syndrome (MFS) holds the leading position. MFS negatively affects the functional readiness of the sportsman′s body and is a risk factor for injuries of the musculoskeletal system. In this regard, timely treatment of MFS is important. It creates the conditions for the improvement of sports achievements, for health maintenance and sports longevity. Treatment of patients with MFS should include methods that normalize trophism and muscle tone. Given the problem of doping, the use of non-drug methods, including osteopathy, is preferable. The goal of research — to develop a system of monitoring and osteopathic correction of myofascial disorders (MFD) and to introduce it into the practice of medical and biological support for sportsmen of different categories and levels during the annual training process.

Materials and methods.93 sportsmen (45 women and 48 men), mean age 22,1±1,1 years, representing diffe rent sports were examined. The essence of the proposed system is regular clinical and electroneurophysiological monitoring of the body condition and preventive correction of myofascial disorders in order to exclude their infl uence on the success of sports activities.

Results.It was established that the proposed system of monitoring and osteopathic correction led to a signifi cant reduction in clinical and electroneurophysiological manifestations both in local and in extensive forms of myofascial disorders, which allowed to maintain the optimal functional readiness of sportsmen throughout the entire annual training cycle.

Conclusion.The system of monitoring and correction of MFS with the use of osteopathic treatment can be one of the elements of medical and biological support for sportsmen during the annual training process.
Clinical efficacy of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with unoperated open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Simakova E. N. , Stenkova O. V.
Published: February 2020

Introduction.Glaucoma is one of the most significant eye diseases. It is often diagnosed, not always amenable to therapy, and can lead to a complete loss of visual functions. In recent years, the method of osteopathic correction has become widespread as one of the effective methods of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pathologies of various body systems. In the pathogenesis of glaucoma, it is customary to distinguish a dystrophic concept, which considers primary open-angle glaucoma as a result of dystrophic changes in the connective tissue, as well as in the endothelial lining of the trabeculae and Schlemm′s canal, especially destructive changes in mitochondria and the alteration of their functional activity. A vascular concept is also distinguished. According to this concept, the central link in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is circulatory disorder in the ciliary vessels, ocular artery, and major vessels of the head and neck, it can be assumed that osteopathic correction in the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma will be pathogenetically substantiated and will have a positive effect on intraocular pressure and trophicity of the optic nerve. The goal of research — to study the influence of in osteopathic correction on the nature of unoperated glaucoma (stage IIA) and to substantiate the possibility of using osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with this pathology.

Materials and methods.A prospective controlled randomized study was conducted at 52 city polyclinics, branch 3, Moscow, from January 2018 to January 2019. 40 patients (70 eyes) aged 50 to 75 years with primary open-angle glaucoma IIA stage were examined. At this stage of the disease, patients most often seek medical care and the issue of conservative management is primarily considered. All patients were divided into two groups of 20 people: the main group and the control group. The treatment in the main group included hypotensive drug therapy and osteopathic correction. Patients of the control group received only drug therapy. All patients underwent ophthalmic (visometry, tonometry, perimetry) and osteopathic examination twice: before the treatment and after 3 months.

Results.For patients with primary open-angle IIA non-operated glaucoma, regional (most often regions of the head, neck, dura mater) and local (abdominal diaphragm, iliac bones, hip and knee joints) somatic dysfunctions were the most typical. In the main group a statistically significant decrease in the frequency and severity of dysfunctions at all levels was stated. Also, in patients receiving osteopathic correction, a significant decrease in the level of intraocular pressure and perimetric indices was noted. In patients of the control group, no reliable changes in these indicators were obtained.

Conclusion.The results obtained indicate that osteopathic correction is clinically effective in the complex treatment of patients with primary open-angle II A glaucoma.
Валютне законодавство України в умовах валютної лібералізації
Authors: Гарбінська-Руденко А. В.
Published: February 2020

Стаття присвячена сучасним змінам валютного законодавства в умовах валютної реформи в Україні. Аналізується процес формування національної валютної системи та сучасна система валютного законодавства. Досліджуються принципи валютного регулювання та їх відображення у напрямах валютної лібералізації. Аналізуються останні зміни у валютному законодавстві, що направлені на забезпечення подальшої валютної лібералізації
Eficacia, eficiencia y situación de permanencia de la mujer en la escuela de ingeniería en sistemas de la ESPOCH
Authors: Moreno Vallejo Patricio Xavier , Bastidas Guacho Gisel Katerine , Ramos Valencia Marco Vinicio
Published: February 2020

La participación de las mujeres en la educación en áreas como ciencias, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas ha mejorado en los últimos años. Sin embargo, según la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) aún existen importantes inequidades en el acceso de mujeres a la educación superior a nivel local, de país y región, por lo que se investiga la presencia de la mujer en la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas teniendo como objetivo revisar el historial de matrículas que se han dado en los diferentes períodos académicos desde 1993 hasta 2019 para determinar qué tan eficaces y/o eficientes han sido las mujeres para lograr terminar el pensum de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas y obtener su título. Adicionalmente, se ha realizado un estudio cualitativo en base a encuestas aplicadas a mujeres estudiantes de la carrera sobre factores propios, familiares y escolares. Los resultados indican que el 5% de mujeres estudiantes fueron eficientes en el proceso de su cohorte y de este grupo de 63 mujeres el 3,17 %, se graduaron de ingenieras durante los 6 meses posteriores al término de la malla curricular que es lo óptimo. Por otra parte, el número de mujeres que se han graduado durante estos 26 años y medio de existencia de la carrera desde que fue creada son 45,61% y por ende han sido eficaces.
Effectiveness of the Epleys Maneuver for Treatment of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Ahmmed Salah Uddin , Hossain Md Zakir , Uddin Mohammad Neser , Rabbani Sarder Mohammad Golam , Alman Arba Md Shaon Mursalin
Published: February 2020

Background: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most frequent vestibular disorder. It is characterized by recurrent spells of vertigo associated with certain head movements such as turning the head to right or left, getting out of bed, looking up and bending down.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of treatment by the Epley maneuver with medicine and medicine (betahistine) only for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Materials and Methods: Fifty six patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo were randomly divided in two groups. One group was treated with Epley maneuver wth medicine as case and other group with only medicine (betahistine) as control.
Results: At the end of first week who were treated with Epley maneuver with medicine, 24 (85.71%) patients recovered and 27 (96.42%) were recovered at second week and all the 28 (100%) were found recovered at end of third week. Whereas, who treated with betahistine only 7(25.00%) recovered at end of first week 22 (78.58%) recovered at second week, 25 (89.29%) recovered at third week and all the 28 (100%) were at end of fourth week. Who received only medical therapy needed one more extra visit than case patients
Conclusion: Treatment of BPPV with the Epleys manouvre with medicine resulted in early better and improvement of symptoms than with medicine alone.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2018; 24(1): 3-7
Role of Hypotensive Anaesthesia in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Private Practice
Authors: Md Nurullah - , Bhuyan Md Arif Hossain , Islam Syed Ariful , Alam Md Shah
Published: February 2020

Background: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), effective control of bleeding is essential to maintain a clear operative field and to minimize complications. Intraoperative bleeding is one of the major problems in endoscopic surgery of sinuses. Controlled hypotension is a technique used to limit intraoperative blood loss to provide the best possible field for surgery.
Objective: The objective of study was role of Hypotensive Anaesthesia in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and designed to compare intraoperative hemorrhage and the visibility of the operative field during normotension and hypotension anesthesia.
Methods: Prospective randomized study includes a total of 60 ASA I-II patients who underwent elective FESS surgery. Patients randomly assigned in two groups the hypotension group (Group A) and the normotension group (Group B). Intraoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) were recorded.
Results : This study shows the mean ages of the patients of group A group B were 33.36±7.61 and 32.46±7.73 years respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed among groups at 0.05 level in term of age. The mean heart rate pre-anaesthesia and preoperative among the patients of different groups in different follows up period. Significance differences were observed among groups in term of heart rate at 5 minute, 15 minute, 30 minute, 45 minute and 60 minute. The mean arterial mean blood pressure before pre-anaesthesia and preoperative estimation among the patients of different groups in different follows up period. Significance differences were observed among groups at 5 minute, 15 minute, 30 minute, 45 minute and 60 minute.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Controlled hypotension can be achieved equally and effectively by nitroglycerin and labetalol reduced significantly intraoperative hemorrhage and produce hypotensive anesthesia. Both are equally effective in providing ideal surgical field during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2018; 24(1): 8-13
La Chola Cuencana Arteaga Matute, Diego
Authors: Arteaga-Matute Diego
Published: February 2020

En la actualidad un gran número de comunidades rurales de las provincias de Azuay y Cañar, entre sus actividades  culturales eligen a las cholitas. Son mujeres que en todos los casos juegan un rol importante en sus celebraciones, sean éstas de parroquialización o de cantonización. Sin  embargo, a pesar de que la chola se ha ido constituyendo en la figura emblemática del mestizaje biológico y cultural prácticamente no ha estado en los diferentes ámbitos de la vida comarcana. A diferencia de urbes como Lima o La Paz, prácticamente no hace acto de presencia en las diferentes facetas de sus vidas. En el caso de la chola cuencana ocurre algo parecido; en efecto, lo hace de manera breve en la literatura y es conocida a nivel local, nacional e internacional solamente por la canción titulada “Chola cuencana”; a esta situación hay que añadir que desde hace sólo unas décadas, con motivo de ciertas fiestas populares de la urbe y de sus parroquias rurales, va siendo elegida para presidirlas.Palabras clave: Indio, negro, blanco, mestizaje biológico, mestizaje cultural, categoría, chola.

AbstractAt present, a large number of rural communities in the provinces of Azuay and Cañar elect cholitas as part of their cultural activities. Cholitas are women who, in all cases, play an important role in these celebrations, whether they are the formation of parishes or cantons. However, despite the fact that the chola has become the emblematic figure of biological and cultural miscegenation, she practically has not been present in the different aspects of neighboring life. Unlike major cities like Lima or La Paz, she practically has no presence in the different facets of life. In the case of the Chola Cuencana, something very similar occurs; in fact, she is briefly mentioned in literature and is known at a local, national and international level solely for the song titled, “Chola Cuencana.” It also must be noted that it’s only been a few decades since the chola has been elected to preside over certain popular festivities in major cities andtheir rural parishes.Keywords: Indian, black, white, biological miscegenation, cultural miscegenation, category, chola.
Disciplinárna zodpovednosť v Slovenskej republike s osobitným zreteľom na disciplinárne delikty štátnych zamestnancov
Authors: Gyuri Róbert , Jesenko Michal
Published: February 2020

The article focuses on current issues related to disciplinary responsibility and its position in the legal order of the Slovak Republic. It focuses mainly on the theoretical definition of disciplinary liability, terminological problems, concurrence of disciplinary liability and other torts in the Slovak Republic and the right to judicial protection before the European Court of Human Rights. The second part examines the disciplinary responsibility of civil servants, their sorting and imposing sanctions for committing a disciplinary offense.
Absolute Stability of Control System with Electro Magneto Elastic Actuator for Nano Science and Nano Biomedicine Research
Authors: M Afonin Sergey
Published: February 2020

The stationary set of the control system of the hysteresis deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator is the segment of the straight line. The aim of this work is to determine the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for control system of the deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator in automatic nanomanipulators for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research. The frequency methods for Lyapunov stable control system are used to calculate the condition the absolute stability of the control system with electro magneto elastic actuator. In result we obtained the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for the control system with the electro magneto elastic actuator in automatic nanomanipulators for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research.
Becoming a construction worker in the connected classroom: Opposing school work with smartphones as happy objects
Authors: Asplund Stig-Börje , Kontio Janne
Published: February 2020

This article aims to fill a very specific and acute gap; in addition to the few studies on youth and digitalisation, smartphones and other mobile tools, it is very clear that the field of research concerning these issues in regards to vocational education and training is close to non-existent. By examining male Building and Construction programme students’ collective use of smartphones in interaction during classes, this study contributes to increased knowledge about some of the challenges and possibilities that arise with the digitalisation of vocational education and training. The study uses new and innovative methods regarding how students’ digital activities in the classroom could be captured and studied, and approaches video recorded data through the lens of Sara Ahmed’s ideas of happy objects (2010), and the concept of community of practice (Wenger, 1998). The analyses show how the identity constructing processes that take shape when the students orient towards the smartphone as a happy object intersect with the students’ future vocational identity as building and constructing workers, as well as explicating an anti-school culture.
Non-Chemical Weed Management in Vegetables by Using Cover Crops: A Review
Authors: Mennan Husrev , Jabran Khawar , Zandstra Bernard H. , Pala Firat
Published: February 2020

Vegetables are a substantial part of our lives and possess great commercial and nutritional value. Weeds not only decrease vegetable yield but also reduce their quality. Non-chemical weed control is important both for the organic production of vegetables and achieving ecologically sustainable weed management. Estimates have shown that the yield of vegetables may be decreased by 45%–95% in the case of weed–vegetable competition. Non-chemical weed control in vegetables is desired for several reasons. For example, there are greater chances of contamination of vegetables by herbicide residue compared to cereals or pulse crops. Non-chemical weed control in vegetables is also needed due to environmental pollution, the evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds and a strong desire for organic vegetable cultivation. Although there are several ways to control weeds without the use of herbicides, cover crops are an attractive choice because these have a number of additional benefits (such as soil and water conservation) along with the provision of satisfactory and sustainable weed control. Several cover crops are available that may provide excellent weed control in vegetable production systems. Cover crops such as rye, vetch, or Brassicaceae plants can suppress weeds in rotations, including vegetables crops such as tomato, cabbage, or pumpkin. Growers should also consider the negative effects of using cover crops for weed control, such as the negative allelopathic effects of some cover crop residues on the main vegetable crop.
Facile Solution Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of n- and p-Type Binary and Ternary Bi–Sb Tellurides
Authors: Hamawandi Bejan , Ballikaya Sedat , Batili Hazal , Roosmark Viking , Orlovská Martina , Yusuf Aminu , Johnsson Mats , Szukiewicz Rafal , Kuchowicz Maciej , Toprak Muhammet S.
Published: February 2020

The solution synthesis route as a scalable bottom-up synthetic method possesses significant advantages for synthesizing nanostructured bulk thermoelectric (TE) materials with improved performance. Tuning the composition of the materials directly in the solution, without needing any further processing, is important for adjusting the dominant carrier type. Here, we report a very rapid (2 min) and high yield (>8 g/batch) synthetic method using microwave-assisted heating, for the controlled growth of Bi2–xSbxTe3 (x: 0–2) nanoplatelets. Resultant materials exhibit a high crystallinity and phase purity, as characterized by XRD, and platelet morphology, as revealed by SEM. Surface chemistry of as-made materials showed a mixture of metallic and oxide phases, as evidenced by XPS. Zeta-potential analysis exhibited a systematic change of isoelectric point as a function of the material composition. As-made materials were directly sintered into pellets by using spark plasma sintering process. TE performance of Bi2−xSbxTe3 pellets were studied, where the highest ZT values of 1.04 (at 440 K) for Bi2Te3 and 1.37 (at 523 K) for Sb2Te3 were obtained, as n- and p-type TE materials. The presented microwave-assisted synthesis method is energy effective, a truly scalable and reproducible method, paving the way for large scale production and implementation of towards large-area TE applications.
A Robust Levitation Control of Maglev Vehicles Subject to Time Delay and Disturbances: Design and Hardware Experimentation
Authors: Sun You-gang , Xie Si , Xu Jun-qi , Lin Guo-bin
Published: February 2020

Maglev vehicles have become a new type of transportation system with higher speed, lower noise, and commercial appeal. Magnetic-suspension systems, which have high nonlinearity and open-loop instability, are the core components of maglev vehicles. The high-performance control of maglev vehicles has been the focus of numerous studies. Encountering challenges in the levitation control of maglev vehicles in the form of uncertain time delays and disturbances is unavoidable. To cope with these problems, this study presents the design of an adaptive robust controller based on the Riccati method and sliding-mode technology, simultaneously taking into account the influence of time delays and disturbances. The asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed control law is proved by the Lyapunov method. Control performances of the proposed controller are shown in the simulation results. Together with the consistently stabilizing outputs, the presented control approach can handle time delays and disturbances well. Finally, experiments were also implemented to examine its practical control performance of the robust levitation-control law.
Prediction of the Load-Bearing Behavior of SPSW with Rectangular Opening by RBF Network
Authors: Moradi Mohammad Javad , Roshani Mohammad Mahdi , Shabani Amirhosein , Kioumarsi Mahdi
Published: February 2020

As a lateral load-bearing system, the steel plate shear wall (SPSW) is utilized in different structural systems that are susceptible to seismic risk and because of functional reasons SPSWs may need openings. In this research, the effects of rectangular openings on the lateral load-bearing behavior of the steel shear walls by the finite element method (FEM) is investigated. The results of the FEM are used for the prediction of SPSW behavior using the artificial neural network (ANN). The radial basis function (RBF) network is used to model the effects of the rectangular opening in the SPSW with different plate thicknesses. The results showed that the opening leads to reduced load-bearing capacity, stiffness and absorbed energy, which can be precisely predicted by employing RBF network model. Besides, the suitable relative area of the opening is determined.
Effect of Rejuvenation Heat Treatment on the Creep Property and Microstructural Evolution of a Ni-Base Superalloy
Authors: Wang Linning , Liu Yuan , Liang Jingjing
Published: February 2020

Interrupted creep tests were performed on a polycrystalline Ni-base superalloy, and rejuvenation heat treatment (RHT) was carried out to restore the creep resistance. During creep deformation, the microstructural evolution can be characterized as coarsening and rafting of γ′ precipitates, formation of dislocation networks in matrix channels, γ′ shearing by dislocations and carbides transformation from MC to M6C type. In the sample with low precrept strain, the dislocation networks can be effectively removed after RHT and the size and morphology of γ′ particles were similar to that just after heat treatment. However, the microstructure in the sample with higher creep strain after RHT cannot be fully restored to the original state in terms of dislocations and distribution of γ′ particles. The subsequent creep results exhibit that creep property is also relevant to the precrept strain, which exhibits a good agreement with microstructure observations. In addition, RHT cannot reverse the carbide transformation from MC to M6C type but enhances this process, which can be evident by the change of the area fraction of these two types of carbides. The effect of carbides transformation on the creep resistance of K465 alloy is not pronounced.
Investigation of Vocal Fatigue Using a Dose-Based Vocal Loading Task
Authors: Lei Zhengdong , Fasanella Laura , Martignetti Lisa , Li-Jessen Nicole Yee-Key , Mongeau Luc
Published: February 2020

Vocal loading tasks are often used to investigate the relationship between voice use and vocal fatigue in laboratory settings. The present study investigated the concept of a novel quantitative dose-based vocal loading task for vocal fatigue evaluation. Ten female subjects participated in the study. Voice use was monitored and quantified using an online vocal distance dose calculator during six consecutive 30-min long sessions. Voice quality was evaluated subjectively using the CAPE-V and SAVRa before, between, and after each vocal loading task session. Fatigue-indicative symptoms, such as cough, swallowing, and voice clearance, were recorded. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the overall severity, the roughness, and the strain ratings obtained from CAPE-V obeyed similar trends as the three ratings from the SAVRa. These metrics increased over the first two thirds of the sessions to reach a maximum, and then decreased slightly near the session end. Quantitative metrics obtained from surface neck accelerometer signals were found to obey similar trends. The results consistently showed that an initial adjustment of voice quality was followed by vocal saturation, supporting the effectiveness of the proposed loading task.
Tunable Mid-Infrared Graphene Plasmonic Cross-Shaped Resonator for Demultiplexing Application
Authors: Asgari Somayyeh , Fabritius Tapio
Published: February 2020

In this study, a tunable graphene plasmonic filter and a two-channel demultiplexer are proposed, simulated, and analyzed in the mid-infrared (MIR) region. We discuss the optical transmission spectra of the proposed cross-shaped resonator and the two-channel demultiplexer. The transmission spectra of the proposed MIR resonator are tunable by change of its dimensional parameters and the Fermi energy of the graphene. Our proposed structures have a single mode in the wavelength range of 5–12 µm. The minimum full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the maximum transmission ratio of the proposed resonator respectively reached 220 nm and 55%. Simulations are performed by use of three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. Coupled mode theory (CMT) is used to investigate the structure theoretically. The numerical and the theoretical results are in good agreement. The performance of the proposed two-channel demultiplexer is investigated based on its crosstalk. The minimum value of crosstalk reaches −48.30 dB. Our proposed structures are capable of providing sub-wavelength confinement of light waves, useful in applications in MIR region.
Research on Leakage Location of Spacecraft in Orbit Based on Frequency Weighting Matrix Beamforming Algorithm by Lamb Waves
Authors: Qi Lei , Zeng Zhoumo , Zhang Yu , Sun Lichen , Rui Xiaobo , Li Xin , Wang Lina , Liu Tao , Yue Guixuan
Published: February 2020

Clashes between space debris and spacecraft in orbit may cause air leakages, which pose a substantial danger to the crew and the spacecraft. Lamb wave dispersion in spacecraft structures and the randomness of leak holes are the difficulties in leak location. To solve these problems, a frequency weighting matrix beamforming algorithm is proposed in this paper. The elastic Lamb waves that are caused by leakages are acquired by an ‘L’ shaped sensor array consisting of eight acoustic emission sensors. The angle of a leak can be obtained through the superposition of different time delays, and the intersection of two angles can be used to find the location of the leak. Traditional beamforming is improved by matching the wave speeds in different frequency bands and weightings according to the energy distribution. Narrowband filtering is used to delay overlay different signal speeds with different frequency bands via a dispersion curve. The weighting method is used to compensate the frequency band response of different leak holes. The detailed location algorithm process is introduced and verified by experiments. For 1.5 and 2 mm leak holes, location direction accuracies of 1.33° and 1.93° for one sensor array were obtained, respectively.
Comparison of Various Mother Wavelets for Fault Classification in Electrical Systems
Authors: Pothisarn Chaichan , Klomjit Jittiphong , Ngaopitakkul Atthapol , Jettanasen Chaiyan , Asfani Dimas Anton , Negara I Made Yulistya
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a comparative study on mother wavelets using a fault type classification algorithm in a power system. The study aims to evaluate the performance of the protection algorithm by implementing different mother wavelets for signal analysis and determines a suitable mother wavelet for power system protection applications. The factors that influence the fault signal, such as the fault location, fault type, and inception angle, have been considered during testing. The algorithm operates by applying the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to the three-phase current and zero-sequence signal obtained from the experimental setup. The DWT extracts high-frequency components from the signals during both the normal and fault states. The coefficients at scales 1–3 have been decomposed using different mother wavelets, such as Daubechies (db), symlets (sym), biorthogonal (bior), and Coiflets (coif). The results reveal different coefficient values for the different mother wavelets even though the behaviors are similar. The coefficient for any mother wavelet has the same behavior but does not have the same value. Therefore, this finding has shown that the mother wavelet has a significant impact on the accuracy of the fault classification algorithm.
A Study of Rubber-REOB Extender to Produce Sustainable Modified Bitumens
Authors: Tarsi Giulia , Caputo Paolino , Porto Michele , Sangiorgi Cesare
Published: February 2020

Thanks to greater attention to the environment and the depletion of non-renewable resources, the sustainability and the circular economy have become crucial topics. The current trend of pavement engineering is to reduce the use of standard bitumen by replacing it with more sustainable materials such as industrial residues and by-products. In this regard, the present study aims to characterize innovative extended bitumen using recycled materials. Due to promising preliminary results as bitumen modifiers, the powdered rubber from end-of-life tires and the re-refined engine oil bottom (REOB) have been investigated as feasible components of bitumen extenders. Nevertheless, several variables strongly affect the performance of the resulting binder, which cannot be neglected. Hence, this research focuses on the rubber–REOB interaction in order to evaluate their optimum ratio, which may maximize the use and advantages of both recycled materials as suitable partial replacements for bitumen. Various rubber–REOB ratios were considered and investigated by means of low and high frequency nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Nonlinear System Identification of an All Movable Fin with Rotational Freeplay by Subspace-Based Method
Authors: Yukai Sun , Chao Yang , Zhigang Wu , Liuyue Bai
Published: February 2020

To interpret the nonlinear system identification of multi-degree-of-freedom vibrating structures with freeplay, an estimation procedure based on subspace method in time domain is developed in this paper. Two types of freeplay, namely, central freeplay and offset freeplay, are estimated. Besides, the frequency response function matrices of the underlying linear system and overlying linear system are identified. By considering an all movable fin from a portion of a supersonic flutter test platform containing freeplay on the rigid rotating motion, two series of numerical experiments are applied for demonstration. Results show that the proposed approach indicates a high and reliable recognition of freeplay regions and the nominal linear system. The limitations of the method in this study are also discussed.
Detecting Green Mold Pathogens on Lemons Using Hyperspectral Images
Authors: Vashpanov Yuriy , Heo Gwanghee , Kim Yongsuk , Venkel Tetiana , Son Jung-Young
Published: February 2020

Hyperspectral images in the spectral wavelength range of 500 nm to 650 nm are used to detect green mold pathogens, which are parasitic on the surface of lemons. The images reveal that the spectral range of 500 nm to 560 nm is appropriate for detecting the early stage of development of the pathogen in the lemon, because the spectral intensity is proportional to the infection degree. Within the range, it was found that the dominant spectral wavelengths of the fresh lemon and the green mold pathogen are 580 nm and 550 nm, respectively, with the 550 nm being the most sensitive in detecting the pathogen with spectral imaging. The spectral intensity ratio of the infected lemon to the fresh one in the spectral range of 500 nm to 560 nm increases with the increasing degree of the infection. Therefore, the ratio can be used to effectively estimate the degree of lemons infecting by the green mold pathogens. It also shows that the sudden decrease of the spectral intensity corresponding to the dominant spectral wavelength of the fresh lemon, together with the neighboring spectral wavelengths can be used to classify fresh and contaminated lemons. The spectral intensity ratio of discriminating the fresh lemon from the infected one is calculated as 1.15.
D-RoF and A-RoF Interfaces in an All-Optical Fronthaul of 5G Mobile Systems
Authors: Zakrzewski Zbigniew
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a solution for enabling the coexistence of digitized radio-over-fiber (D-RoF) and analog radio-over-fiber (A-RoF) interfaces operating in the optical fronthaul of 5G mobile systems. In the first section, we formulate the need to introduce new technologies to the cloud/centralized radio access network (C-RAN) (Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) in 5G systems). A proposition of construction of the optical remote radio head (O-RRH)/gNodeB—distributed unit (gNB-DU), which will enable the operation of digital Splits/Options and new proposed analog Splits/Options, is presented. The methods performing calculations of bit rate and optical bandwidth demand in the fronthaul/midhaul, with reference to the parameters of the new-radio-release-15 (NR-Rel-15) wireless interface and subsequent releases, towards the next generations, are presented. The bandwidth demands were calculated for selected Splits/Options, and the results are shown in diagrams. A special section is devoted to description of the results achieved and presenting potential applications of the proposed construction of a radio-photonic device as well as new Splits/Options of the next generation fronthaul/midhaul.
Distributed Optimal Scheduling of Electricity–Gas–Heating System Based on Improved Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers
Authors: Zhu Hanxin , Yu Tao , Wu Weicong , Li Zhuohuan
Published: February 2020

With the joint optimization of the electricity–gas–heating system (EGHS) attracting more and more attention, a distributed optimized scheduling framework for EGHS based on an improved alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is put forward in this paper. The framework of the proposed algorithm is a co-ordinated convex distribution framework with inner and outer layers. The outer layer is a penalty convex–concave procedure (PCCP), the inner layer is an ADMM-FE (forced equality) procedure. In this framework, the outer layer optimization uses the convex and concave procedure to turn the non-convex airflow equation into a second-order cone constraint with successive iterations, and the inner layer ADMM-FE algorithm solves the convex model to obtain a convergent solution. In the end, we compare the established algorithm with the traditional ADMM algorithm and the centralized optimization algorithm through example simulation analysis, and the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and optimization algorithm framework.
Review of Advancement in Variable Valve Actuation of Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Lou Zheng , Zhu Guoming
Published: February 2020

The increasing concerns of air pollution and energy usage led to the electrification of the vehicle powertrain system in recent years. On the other hand, internal combustion engines were the dominant vehicle power source for more than a century, and they will continue to be used in most vehicles for decades to come; thus, it is necessary to employ advanced technologies to replace traditional mechanical systems with mechatronic systems to meet the ever-increasing demand of continuously improving engine efficiency with reduced emissions, where engine intake and the exhaust valve system represent key subsystems that affect the engine combustion efficiency and emissions. This paper reviews variable engine valve systems, including hydraulic and electrical variable valve timing systems, hydraulic multistep lift systems, continuously variable lift and timing valve systems, lost-motion systems, and electro-magnetic, electro-hydraulic, and electro-pneumatic variable valve actuation systems.