bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A qualitative approach to the migration attractiveness of a city: Łódź in the opinions of new residents
Authors: Szafrańska Ewa , Michalska-Żyła Agnieszka
Published: March 2022

From all previous research on migration patterns, it is clear that some places are more attractive to migrants than others. The relatively low migration attractiveness of Łódź, which exacerbates the city’s unfavourable demographic situation, has inspired questions concerning those people who decide to settle there and the main reasons for their decisions. The subject matter falls within the broader perspective of research on the migratory attractiveness of cities, but was approached in a qualitative manner. The empirical basis for the paper is a study conducted in 2016, the main aim of which was to determine the factors that attract people to Łódź, those that push them away from their previous places of residence, and to trace how new residents of the city evaluate it in terms of living conditions. The research was conducted using unstructured interviews with 32 respondents. The main reasons for settling in Łódź cover the most important institutional areas such as the labour market, education, health care and public services including culture and leisure; personal or family reasons, mainly the finding of a life partner in Łódź, or the desire to live close to relatives; and taking up higher education and staying in the city after graduation.
Prácticas de crianza en madres de estratos socioeconómico medio y bajo de Lima
Authors: Majluf Alegría
Published: March 2022

Con 90 madres de niños de 6 y 7 años se encuentran diferencias significativas en las prácticas de crianza; siendo las madres de clase media más democráticas, y las de clase baja, más autoritarias. Con el Informe de Prácticas de Crianza, de Block, se observan diferencias tanto en control autoritario, control por ansiedad y supervisión (Autoritarismo) como en estimulaci6n de independencia, expresi6n de afecto, y uso de la razón (Democracia). También se apreciaron diferencias en el goce del rol materno, el destete, control de los esfínteres y represi6n sexual. Las madres de clase media y baja no difirieron en expectativas y afán de logros del hijo.
Presencia de microplásticos en especies marinas del Parque Nacional Marino las Baulas
Authors: Astorga-Perez Angelica , Ulate-Naranjo Karol , Abarca-Guerrero Lilliana
Published: March 2022

La ingesta de microplásticos (MPs) en diversas especies marinas ha sido reportada en la literatura, sin embargo, el grado de contaminación en los sistemas y la biota asociada a estos es poco conocido. En este estudio se presentan los resultados de la presencia de microplásticos en siete especies de peces pelágicos y de una especie de crustáceo bentónico, todos de alto nivel trófico del Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas. 
Mediante digestión química e inspección visual se extrajeron microplásticos del sistema digestivo de 56 individuos. Un total de 90 piezas fueron extraídas del 89% de los peces (93% fibras) con 3,75±1,70 (SD) microplástico/pez. Se determinó una cantidad significativamente menor en los crustáceos con un total de 58 piezas extraídas del 76% de los individuos analizados con 2,64±1,36 (CF) microplástico/jaiba. Se realiza una búsqueda de microplásticos en tejidos musculares mediante la técnica de histología y se encontraron lesiones en el tejido muscular de los peces, pero los resultados no fueron atribuibles a MP, por ende, no se ahondará en estos datos.
Este artículo reporta la presencia de estos contaminantes en especies marinas de alto nivel trófico en la costa del Pacífico de Costa Rica, lo cual confirma la afectación por plásticos en la zona de estudio, reforzándose la necesidad de una gestión adecuada de los residuos sólidos generados por la población, tanto en la zona terrestre como en la zona marítima.
Bipolar Bozukluk ve Romatoid Artrit İlişkisi
Authors: MANDACI Melike , SARANDÖL Aslı , AKKAYA Cengiz
Published: March 2022

Romatoid artrit, sinovit, sistemik inflamasyon, artrit ve vaskülit, anemi, mononörit, pulmoner fibrozis gibi eklem dışı sistem tutulumu ile karakterize olan zamanında ve yeterli tedavi edilmezse eklem destruksiyonuna, eklem hareketlerinin kısıtlanmasına, hastanın yaşam kalitesinin bozulmasına neden olabilecek kronik bir otoimmün hastalıktır. Romatoid artrit hastalarında eklem bulgularının yanı sıra klinik tabloya bilişsel işlev bozukluğu, davranış değişiklikleri ve duygudurum değişiklikleri gibi nöropsikiyatrik belirtiler de eşlik edebilir. Romatoid artrit hastalarında nöroinflamatuar sürecin, plazmadaki proinflamatuar sitokin düzeylerinde artışın, uzun süre kullanılan ilaçların yan etkilerinin, hastalıkla birlikte oluşan yeti yitiminin ve olası ortak gen bölgelerinin bu belirtilere neden olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Romatoid artrit hastalarında psikiyatrik semptom ve bozukluklarla ilgili giderek artan sayıda çalışmalar yayınlanmaktadır. Özellikle anksiyete bozuklukları ve major depresif bozukluk ile ilişkisine odaklanan birçok çalışma mevcuttur. Bipolar bozukluk etiyolojisinde immün fonksiyonlarda bozulmanın yer aldığına ilişkin giderek artan sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bipolar bozukluk hastalarının plazmalarında sitokin düzeylerinde değişiklikler görülmesi bu görüşü destekler niteliktedir. Çeşitli otoimmün hastalıklarla bipolar bozukluk arasındaki ilişki baraştırılmaya devam edilmektedir. Romatolojik hastalığı olan bireylerde, psikiyatrik eş tanılar açısından dikkatli olunması hastaların tedaviye uyumu ve klinik seyir açısından önemlidir.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Tamamlayıcı ve Alternatif Tedavilerin Kullanımı
Authors: HANGÜL Zehra , TUFAN Ali Evren
Published: March 2022

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) etyolojisinde birden fazla faktörün rol aldığı nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur. OSB tanılı çocukların ebeveynleri geleneksel tıbbi tedavilerden yeterince fayda sağlayamadıkları gerekçesiyle sıklıkla tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavilere (TAT) yönelebilmektedir. Bu gözden geçirme yazısında TAT kavramının tanımı, kullanım yaygınlığı, OSB’de kullanılan TAT yöntemleri ve etkinliklerinin incelenmesi ve ülkemizde OSB’li çocuklarda TAT kullanımı ile ilgili çalışmaların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. TAT uygulamalarının OSB’de etkinliklerine dair güncel veriler sınırlı olmakla birlikte kullanım oranları göz önüne alındığında hekimlerin TAT yöntemleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları, ailelerle TAT kullanımını açık bir şekilde sormaları ve bilgi paylaşımında bulunmaları gerekmektedir.
Fibromiyalji ile İlişkili Psikolojik Faktörler ve Psikolojik Müdahale Alanları
Authors: KANIK TEZCAN Rumeysa Eda , YALÇINKAYA ALKAR Özden
Published: March 2022

Fibromiyalji, yaygın vücut ağrısı ile ağrının lokalize olduğu duyarlı noktaların varlığı ile tanımlanan, kişinin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini kısıtlayan ve yaşam kalitesini düşüren bir kas iskelet sistemi ağrı sendromudur. Fibromiyaljinin etiyolojisi belirsizdir, ancak hastalığın ortaya çıkması ve ilerleyişi hakkında çok sayıda hipotez vardır. Bunlar arasından biyopsikososyal model, fibromiyaljinin gelişiminde biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal mekanizmaların bir arada rol oynadığı bütüncül bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Hastalığın etiyolojisi henüz anlaşılamadığından, tedavisine yönelik etkili yöntemler bulunamamıştır, bu nedenle müdahale yöntemleri fibromiyaljinin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmayı, psikolojik ve fizyolojik fonksiyonelliği artırmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu makalede fibromiyalji hastalarında psikolojik müdahale alanları ve yöntemlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde, ağrı ile ilişkili inançlar ve kaçınma davranışları, öz-yeterlilik, fiziksel aktivite, uyku kalitesi, öz-şefkat, duygusal beceriler, baş etme stratejileri, kişilik, eşlik eden psikopatolojiler gibi faktörlerin hastalığın gelişimini, ağrı şiddetini ve hastaların tedaviye uyumunu etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapi (BDT), fiziksel aktivite ve uyku hijyeni takibi, Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi (KKT), şefkat odaklı terapiler, farkındalık temelli terapiler, duygu ifadesi ve düzenlenmesine yönelik teknikler, biyogeribildirim gibi yöntemlerin tedavi planlarında yer alabilecek etkili yöntemler olduğu, ancak hastalığı değerlendirme sürecinde psikososyal etmenler göz önünde bulundurularak bireyselleştirilmiş tedavi planları oluşturulmasının elzem olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, biyopsikososyal model çerçevesinde fibromiyaljinin tedavi süreçlerinde çok disiplinli çalışmanın önemi tartışılmıştır.
Pengaruh Economic Value Added, Market Value Added, Dan Price Earning Ratio Terhadap Return Saham Pada PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk
Authors: Ahsanul Hadi Amin  , Hakim Lukmanul
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah ada pengaruh Economic Value Added, Market Value Added, dan Price Earning Ratio terhadap return saham pada PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Pada hasil uji asumsi klasik terdapat gejala autokorelasi dan heterokedastisitas sehingga peneliti memutuskan untuk melakukan transfomasi data menggunakan metode Cochrane Orcutt. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian Asosiatif. Sampel yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan triwulan PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk Periode 2009-2020 sebanyak 48 laporan keuangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Economic Value Added, Market Value Added, dan Price Earning Ratio tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham pada PT. Telkom Indonesia, dikarenakan nilai fhitung < ftabel yaitu sebesar 0,476 < 2,82 dengan nilai siginfikansi > 0,05. Economic Value Added tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham pada PT. Telkom Indonesia, dikarenakan nilai thitung ­< t­tabel sebesar -0,014 < 2,014 dengan nilai siginfikansi > 0,05. Market Value Added tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham pada PT. Telkom Indonesia, dikarenakan nilai thitung ­< t­tabel sebesar 1,129 < 2,014 dengan nilai siginfikansi > 0,05. Price Earning Ratio tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham pada PT. Telkom Indonesia dikarenakan nilai thitung ­< t­tabel sebesar -0,798 < 2,014 dengan nilai siginfikansi > 0,05.
Optimization of Train Speed Profile for Minimum Energy Consumption on the Basis of Uzbekistan Railway
Authors: Lesov Altynbek , Ivaschenko Valeriy
Published: March 2022

Objective: Analysis of existing methods for finding optimal modes of driving electric locomotives on the Pap — Kokand — Andijan section, which is part of the Uzbek Railways landfill, in order to minimize the electrical energy used for traction, taking into account such restrictions as the travel time on the stretch, the maximum permissible driving speeds, available traction power, etc. Methods: The method of selecting the train motion curve provides for three approaches to solving the problem and takes into account two tasks for solving the equation of train motion. Results: Compared with the data obtained from the service of the “Locomotive Operation Management” of Uzbek Railways, the results show that energy efficiency ranges from 4 to 30 %. The resulting maintenance regime is qualitatively different from the regime maps currently used on the Pap-Kokand-Andijan section for energy-optimal train management. Practical importance: The described calculation method using three approaches to solving the task makes it possible to simplify significantly and speed up traction calculations, ensure high accuracy of the results and present them in a convenient and visual form.
The Antibacterial Activity of 17 Essential Oils against Escherichia coli
Authors: Park Jung Min , Yuk Young Sam , Lee Young Ki , Kim Jae Kyung
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 17 essential oils (EOs) on Escherichia coli (E. coli), including their antibacterial activity according to the concentration used and its extraction site.Methods: All 17 EOs were prepared by step dilution at concentrations of 0.5% (v/v) and 1% (v/v). EOs were dispensed into 96-well plates with bacterial culture aliquots and incubated for 18 h; then, their absorbance was measured using a microplate reader.Results: Culture absorbance showed that thyme white (TM), palmarosa (PR) and rosemary verbenone (RM) at concentrations of 0.5% (v/v) and 1% (v/v) showed high antibacterial activity, similar to that of ampicillin. Melisa true (MS), RM, PR, lavender Bulgarian (LV), lemon (LM), peppermint premium (PM) and eucalyptus bluegum (EC) also showed increased antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, TM, MS, RM, PR, and lemongrass (LG) extracted from leaves showed higher antibacterial activity than extracts from other organs.Conclusion: TM extracted from leaves showed an excellent antibacterial effect; it exhibited bacterial growth at the same level of ampicillin. It is a natural substance that suppresses the action of bacteria in the inflammatory reaction of the skin and that may be used as a raw material for customized cosmetics.
Importance-Practicability Analysis of NCS-based Vocational Skills among Students in Beauty Specialized High School
Authors: Kim Bobae , Lee Jaeeun , Chon Haejung
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aims to strengthen job competency that is effectively used in the beauty industry. By analyzing the importance and performance level of the required basic job skills as per the national competency standards (NCS) of high school students specializing in beauty, job competency can be improved.Methods: A survey was conducted on 158 students enrolled in a specialized beauty high school in Seoul from March 22 to April 20, 2021. Frequency, factor, reliability, correlation, and simple regression analyses were performed. This study also used the importance–practicability analysis (IPA) matrix of basic vocational competency.Result: The IPA analysis results reveal that organizational understanding needs improvement. Moreover, as sub-areas, human resource capability, conflict management, negotiation, and technology application ability were identified, further confirming the urgent need for improvement. In addition, intense investment in this area is required. The higher the perceived social self-efficacy, the better information is provided with the help of others. Moreover, students’ ability to prepare for job search is greater, and the effect on organizational understanding is positive.Conclusion: Previous studies posited that the self-efficacy of university students has a positive effect on organizational understanding ability and confirmed that using the flipped learning teaching method improves the self-efficacy. The use of flipped learning in beauty as a subject, where theory and practical classes are mixed, and self-efficacy is used as a medium to strengthen organizational understanding, it is expected that it will help high school students specializing in beauty to adapt to the industry.
Effects of Career Decision Self-Efficacy in College Students Majoring in Cosmetology on Career Preparation Behavior and Major Satisfaction
Authors: Lee Young-jo , Lee Sung-Nae
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study examines the effects of career decision-making and self-efficacy on the career preparation behaviors and major satisfactions of beauty majors.Methods: A total of 253 students were selected from two years of college cosmetology majors in Gyeonggi-do and Incheon. Data collected over two weeks from November 15 to November 30, 2021 was analyzed. Frequency analysis, as well as factor, reliability, correlation, and multiple regression analyses, were performed using SPSS program 26.0.Results: First, the study found a positive correlation between career decision self-efficacy, career preparation behaviors, and major satisfaction. Secondly, the study found that career decision self-efficacy bears a statistically significant (p<0.05) effect on job preparation and collection, career counseling, and career exploration. Third, the study found that career decisionmaking self-efficacy bears a statistically significant (p<0.05) effect on class and perception satisfaction. Fourth, the study found that career preparation behaviors carry a statistically significant effect on class satisfaction (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of self-efficacy on career decision-making in the career preparation behaviors and major satisfactions of college students majoring in cosmetology. The results of career decision self-efficacy bore a statistically significant effect on career preparation behaviors and major satisfaction.
Anti-melanogenic Effect of Lotus Seed and Seedpod Extracts via Downregulation of Tyrosinase Stability in B16F10 Murine Melanoma Cells
Authors: Shin Hee-Jae , Kim Mihee , Shin Bum-Soo , Bae Seunghee
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study investigates the anti-melanogenic effects of lotus seed and seedpod extract in B16F10 murine melanoma cells, and demonstrates the possible mechanisms involved in anti-pigmentation.Methods: The lotus seed and seedpod extracts were prepared using 70% ethanol as solvent. The irritation potential of the extracts was investigated using water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1)-based cytotoxicity assay and expression analysis of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β in B16F10 cells and HaCaT keratinocytes, respectively. The anti-melanogenic effects of the extracts were analyzed using intracellular melanin contents and tyrosinase activity assays. The effects of the extracts on tyrosinase expression were analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels. The effects of those extracts on the stability of tyrosinase protein were analyzed by evaluating the protein level after cycloheximide treatment.Results: WST-1-based cytotoxicity assay indicated that the concentration of ≤1.0% for lotus seed and seedpod extracts did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in B16F10 cells. Also, qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of IL-1β mRNAs was not increased by those concentrations of the extracts in HaCaT keratinocytes. Additionally, intracellular melanin contents assay showed that those extracts significantly inhibited α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis. Furthermore, cellular tyrosinase activity was significantly inhibited by the extracts. Additional investigations revealed that tyrosinase activity reduction was independent of its mRNA expression level, but dependent on its protein expression level. These findings were further confirmed by the results of the cycloheximide experiments stating that the protein stability of tyrosinase was reduced after the treatment with those extracts.Conclusion: Lotus seed and seedpod extracts showed anti-pigmentation effects by accelerating degradation of tyrosinase protein at the post-translation level in B16F10 cells.
Structure, Conduct and Performance of Onion Market in Southern Ghana
Authors: Wongnaa Camillus Abawiera , Bannor Richard Kwasi , Dziwornu Raymond K , Ennin Joel Atta , Osei Emmanuel Assibey , Adzikah Courage , Charles Arthur
Published: March 2022

The local onion market in Ghana is dominated by ‘on the spot’ market relationships with little or no coordination of chains to improve quality and performance. This study examines the market structure, conduct and their influence on the performance of the onion market in the southern part of Ghana, using data from 180 actors, comprising 80 farmers, 40 wholesalers and 60 retailers. Descriptive statistics, Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, Herfindahl-Hirschman index and Garett ranking were the methods of analysis used. The results showed that traders were operating in an oligopolistic market with Gini coefficients of 0.62 and 0.56 for wholesalers and retailers, respectively. The findings also revealed that farmers (69%) were more open to contracts than wholesalers (20%) and retailers (11%). Moreover, onion production proved to be costly for farmers as they had a negative return of 1.55% on their investment while wholesalers and retailers made positive returns of 29.85% and 31.1%, respectively. Finally, high production cost, high marketing cost and unavailability of storage structures were ranked as the most pressing constraints to farmers, wholesalers and retailers, respectively. It is recommended that the government, donor support agencies for agriculture and local NGOs come to the aid of farmers by providing them with fixed assets at a subsidized price. This will relieve the farmers from heavy losses which threaten the future food security of the country.
Effects of Harvesting Period on Phytochemicals of Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum, WK 1204 Variety)
Authors: Adhikari Babita , Joshi Sanil , Maskey Bunty
Published: March 2022

Wheatgrass is a plethora of essential phytochemicals considered to exhibit numerous benefits on human health. Therefore, the study of phytochemicals with varying stages of growth is essential. This study aims to determine the optimum harvesting period of wheatgrass based on its phytochemical content. During the growth of wheat seed (WK 1204 variety), the phytochemicals such as chlorophyll, total phenol content, flavonoids and tannins were extracted by 80% acetone and 80% methanol from wheatgrass harvested on days 6, 7, 8, 9 12 and 15, respectively. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, chlorophyll and flavonoid contents significantly (p<0.05) increased and reached the maximum level on day 9. Total phenol content was found to be increasing significantly (p<0.05), while the tannin content was decreasing considerably (p<0.05) on day 15. The optimum harvesting period was found on day 9. The DPPH radical scavenging activity, chlorophyll and flavonoid content significantly (p<0.05) increased and reached the maximum level, i.e., 92.27±1.92%, 6.63±0.053 mg g-1 and 183.64±33.49 mg QE g-1, respectively, on day 9 of cultivation. The total phenol content was found to be increasing significantly (p<0.05) from 291.67±5.69 mg GAE g-1 on day 6 to 446.67±5.77 mg GAE g-1 on day 15, while the tannin content was declining significantly (p<0.05) from 11.74±0.29 mg GAE g-1 on days 6, 7 and so on to 3.36±0.47 mg GAE g-1 on day 15. Therefore, the optimum harvesting period of wheatgrass was found to be day 9 in terms of phytochemical analysis.
Effects of Lime and Compost on Chemical Characteristics and Soil Hydraulic Conductivity of Alfisols at ATP Jatikerto Coffee Plantation
Authors: Fitria Lailatul , Soemarno Soemarno
Published: March 2022

Coffee in Indonesia is currently one of the most important plantation commodities. Inappropriate management of coffee plantations causes low soil quality especially in smallholder coffee plantations, one of which is the density (compaction) of soil in coffee plantations that has a clayey texture. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of lime and compost application on the chemical characteristics and saturated hydraulic conductivity (SHC) of the soil. The experiment was carried out at Glasshouse Agro Techno Park (ATP) Jatikerto from September 2020-February 2021. Soil samples were taken from coffee gardens at a depth of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm. The incubation study in the greenhouse used Factorial Complete Randomized Design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Incubation was carried out for 8 weeks. Treatment factors include the depth of the soil sample (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm); compost (0 tons ha-1, 10 tons ha-1 and20 tons ha-1) and lime (0 tons ha-1 and 2.5 tons ha-1). Results showed that the treatment combination of 2.5 ton ha-1 of lime and 20 ton ha-1 of compost gave the best results measured by the availability of N and K nutrients and an increase in the SHC. However, results in this treatment were almost the same as treatment of 2.5 ton ha-1 of lime and 10 ton ha-1 of compost. The combination of compost and lime has a significant effect on improving the chemical characteristics of the soil and the SHC of the topsoil (0-30 cm) and the subsoil (30-60 cm).
Evaluation of Toxicity of Some Tropical Flora, Clay and Permethrin against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. on Stored Maize Grains
Authors: Emeasor Kingsley Chidi , Nwakanma Victor Nkwachi , Enyiukwu David Nwazuo
Published: March 2022

Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.) is a vital arthropod pest of maize (Zea mays L.) grains and flours in traditional storage systems. The pest bore holes into stored grains reducing their nutrient contents germination potentials and contaminating produce with frass. Its control using synthetic insecticides such as permethrin is being downplayed due to eco-mammalian toxicity from pesticide residues. Therefore, this study evaluates the toxicities of some indigenous plants Ageratum conyzoides L., Cymbopogon nardus L., clay and permethrin, under laboratory conditions to the insect pest. Maize grains weighing 50 g were treated with the plant powders and the synthetic insecticide at five different levels 0.00; 1.25; 2.50; 3.75 and 5.00 g. Subsequently, 10 adult weevils in each vial were used to infest the 50 g maize grains. Each plant powder and permethrin's effectiveness was assessed by recording weevil mortality at 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-treatment. The damage indices recorded by the weevil perforation index (WPI), percentage of perforated and unperforated grains, and weight loss percentage were also considered. Permethrin proved most toxic, followed by clay at 5.00 g among all the treatments. A. conyzoides and C. nardus were less effective in controlling S. zeamais. In conclusion, clay can be used in the integrated management of S. zeamais to minimize synthetic insecticides.
Improving Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) Plantlet Formation Using Various Types and Concentrations of Auxins
Authors: Tamyiz Maulana , Prayoga Lucky , Prasetyo Rendie , Murchie Erik Harry , Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: March 2022

Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk. is one of the most widespread agarwood-producing plants that face extinction due to overexploitation. Agarwood propagation using in vitro culture techniques is capable of producing large quantities of plants in a shorter time and free from pests and diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the effect of auxins type and concentration on agarwood plantlet formation using a split-plot design. The main plot was the type of auxin which included IAA, IBA and NAA, while the subplot was the concentration used which consisted of 0; 5; 10; 15 and 20 µM. The variable observed was agarwood plantlet formation with parameters measured including the number of shoots and leaves, plant height, and number of roots. The results showed that the formation of agarwood plantlets was controlled by the type, concentration, and interaction between the type and concentration of auxin. Furthermore, explants cultured on Murashige Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10 µM IBA produced the highest number of shoots (3.39 shoots explant-1) and leaves (7.25 leaves explants-1), while the addition of 10 uM NAA resulted in the highest number of roots (2.52 roots explant-1). This is the first time a study is conducted to evaluate the effect of type and concentration of auxins on agarwood plantlet formation. The production of high-quality shoots and plantlets increased agarwood germplasm availability to prevent extinction and support sustainable production.
Reconciling the Issues of Shifting and Permanent Cultivation: An Empirical Study of Mizoram, Eastern Extension of Himalaya, India
Authors: Sati Vishwambhar Prasad
Published: March 2022

Mizoram is an underdeveloped state where agriculture, dominated by shifting cultivation is the main occupation and a source of income for nearly half of the population. Therefore, this study aimed to examine ‘whether the shifting cultivation is economically viable, or whether permanent cultivation instead has the potential to boost up income and economy of the rural farming community in Mizoram’. To address these questions, a household-level survey was conducted in 2018 based on a case study of 16 villages, comprising two each from eight districts. A purposive random sampling method was applied to select households and a structured questionnaire was developed with questions pertaining to various aspects of shifting and permanent cultivation. Mizoram only has approximately 5% of arable land, of which shifting cultivation accounts for more than 50%. In the past, the output from shifting cultivation was able to feed the farming communities called Jhumias but the area, production and productivity of the crops have recently decreased considerably. This is primarily accountable for the increasing food needs and decreasing crop production, as well as climate variability, land ownership rights and lifestyle change. Meanwhile, the production and productivity of crops grown using permanent cultivation are comparatively higher. It is then suggested that land rights for Jhumias need to be protected for permanent cultivation. The addition of value by commercializing crops will enhance income and effectively boost the economy.
Power quality improvement using ultra capacitor based dynamic voltage restorer with real twisting sliding mode control
Authors: Shah M. S. , Mahmood T. , Ullah M. F.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Power quality is a major problem in today's power system, since it may have an impact on customers and utilities. Problem. Power quality is important issue of financial consequences for utilities, their consumers and load apparatus vendors. Voltage sag/swell are the most significant and usually occurring power quality issues in a secondary distribution system for sensitive loads. Goal. Dynamic voltage restorer is a fast, flexible, effective and dynamic custom power device can be used to compensate voltage sag/swell with integration of energy storage. Ultra capacitors have ideal properties of great power density and low energy density for elimination of voltage sag/swell. Their performance is mostly determined by the control strategy established for switching of voltage source converters. Originality. In this research, a strategy for the voltage source converter of dynamic voltage restorer based on the real twisting sliding mode control and ultra capacitor is developed to correct the fault that successfully eliminates the impacts of voltage sag/swell. Methodology. Ultra capacitor along with real twisting sliding mode control gives the more robustness and faster response, with also increasing the compensation time of the dynamic voltage restorer. Testing environment. To evaluate the performance of the proposed control approach, the MATLAB / Simulink SimPower System tool box is employed. Practical values. According to Simulation results clearly shows that the ultra capacitor along with real twisting sliding mode control effectively eliminate the voltage sag/swell in a very short time of 2 ms as compared to IEEE standards that is 20 ms, with less than 5 % total harmonic distortion for sensitive loads as per Information Technology Industry Council Curve and SEMI-F-47 Standards.
Analisis Land Surface Temperature di Kota Banjarmasin tahun 2010 - 2020
Authors: Isfan Fajar Satryo  , Devi Muhamad Ramdhan  , Kevin Palemei Cerlandita
Published: March 2022

Kota Banjarmasin merupakan salah satu Kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan yang mempunyai dinamika pambangunan social ekonomi yang bersifat dinamis, hal ini mempunyai dampak buruk terhadap pemanfaatan tatanan ruang wilayah kota. kondisi ini akan mengurangi ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau . Pengurangan RTH diduga menjadi salah satu penyebab peningkatan suhu udara, karena salah satu fungsi dari RTH adalah sebagai pengatur dan penyeimbang iklim mikro. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisi overlay untuk menghasilkan peta overlay penutup lahan dan suhu permukaan lahan. Observasi lapangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan data overlay penutup lahan dengan suhu permukaan lahan pada tahun 2020. Penutup lahan yang mendominasi yaitu penutup lahan daerah pertanian 407 km² dan suhu permukaan yang mendominasi adalah suhu tinggi 29-32 °C. hasil observasi menunjukkan suhu sangat tinggi berada pada penutup lahan pemukiman 34,1 °C dan suhu sangat rendah berada pada penutup lahan daerah non pertanian 20,8 °C
Experiences Shape Hippocampal Neuron Morphology and the Balance of CRHR1 and OTR
Authors: Wei Fengmei , Deng Xiao , Ma Bo , Li Wenhao , Chen Yajie , Zhao Long , Zhang Yishu , Zheng Tingjuan , Xian Donghua , He Yunqing , Zhang Lang , Jing Yuhong
Published: March 2022

The dorsal hippocampus (dHIP) is involved in avoidance behaviors regulation. It is unclear how experiences affect avoidance behaviors and the neuron morphology modulated by corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) signaling and oxytocin receptor (OTR) system in the dHIP. We studied the effects of neonatal maternal deprivation (MD) and post-weaning environmental enrichment (EE) on the avoidance behaviors and neuron morphology of the dHIP in male BALB/c mice. We found that MD impaired avoidance memory, whereas EE improved that. MD increased Nissl bodies and neuronal complexity in the CA1 but decreased synaptic connections in the CA2–3 and DG. EE restored the Nissl bodies and neuron complexity alterations induced by MD in the CA1 and the synaptic connections alterations induced by MD in the CA3. MD increased CRHR1 levels in the CA1 and CA3 but decreased CRHR1 levels in the CA2. The effects of EE on the CRHR1 levels depend on whether MD or not. For MD mice, the EE treatment decreased CRH levels of the CA1–3 but only reduced the CRHR1 level of the CA3 region. MD probably increased OTR levels in the CA1, and EE could restore. Our study illustrates how MD and EE affect avoidance behaviors, hippocampal neuron morphology, and the OTR-CRHR1 balance. The results show that the alterations in dHIP’s regions induced by early life stress are partially restored by the late-life environmental improvement.
Prognostic impact of frailty after gastrectomy in elderly gastric cancer patients
Authors: Nishi Masaaki , Shimada Mitsuo , Yoshikawa Kozo , Takasu Chie , Wada Yuma , Tokunaga Takuya , Nakao Toshihiro , Kashihara Hideya , Yamada Shinichiro , Yoshimoto Toshiaki , Yamashita Shoko
Published: March 2022

Background Frailty plays a crucial role in cancer patients who have received surgery in this recent aging society. We aimed to investigate frailty as a prognostic factor in elderly gastric cancer (GC) patients who underwent curative gastrectomy. Methods In this study, we analyzed 86 elderly (over 75 years old) GC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy. Frailty was defined as clinical frailty scale score of ≥ 4. Patients were assigned to two groups; frailty group (n = 29) and no-frailty group (n = 57). Clinicopathological values, including comorbidity, immune-nutritional score, and long-term outcomes, were compared between the frailty and no-frailty groups.Results The frailty group displayed a positive correlation with a previous history of symptomatic stroke (p < 0.05). Moreover, the overall survival (OS) rate was significantly poorer in the frailty group (5-yr OS; frailty group 52.09% vs. no-frailty group 72.02%, p < 0.05). By contrast, there were no significant differences in both the cancer-specific survival (5-yr CSS; frailty group 82.33% vs. no-frailty group 89.32%, p = 0.14) and the disease-free survival (5-yr DFS; frailty group 74.68% vs. no-frailty group 86.91%, p = 0.33). Finally, frailty, differentiation, surgical procedure and the lymphocyte c-reactive protein ratio were identified among clinicopathological factors as independent prognostic factors for OS in multivariate analysis. Conclusion We identified the clinical impact of frailty as an independent prognostic factor for elderly GC patients who underwent gastrectomy.
On the cost competitiveness of blue and green hydrogen
Authors: Ueckerdt Falko , Verpoort Philipp C. , Anantharaman Rahul , Bauer Christian , Beck Fiona , Longden Thomas , Roussanaly Simon
Published: March 2022

Hydrogen is indispensable for climate change mitigation; yet, it is unclear to what extent blue hydrogen from natural gas with carbon capture and storage will complement green hydrogen from renewable electricity. Today, green hydrogen costs are higher than those of blue hydrogen, and, despite huge cost reduction potential, it is uncertain when cost parity will be achieved. However, by combining data on costs and life-cycle emissions, we show that hydrogen’s competitiveness is increasingly determined by carbon costs associated with different life-cycle emissions across fuels. To become competitive, green hydrogen requires > 90% renewable electricity input, whereas blue hydrogen requires > 90% net CO2 capture rates and close-to-zero methane leakage. For a broad parameter range, we show that by 2035-40, green hydrogen can become the cheapest hydrogen option. Low-emission blue hydrogen may play a valuable role in bridging the scarcity of green hydrogen; yet, depending on regional circumstances it may have a limited window of competitiveness.
Basal type Takotsubo Syndrome in the post-ictal period – A case report highlighting the importance of post-ictal cardiac evaluation
Authors: O'Neill Robert Sean , Maudlin Ben , Cho Kenneth , Assad Joseph , Femia Giuseppe
Published: March 2022

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a reversible form of left ventricular dysfunction commonly associated with physical or emotional stress. It is characterised by chest pain and elevated troponin levels, thereby mimicking acute coronary syndrome however there is typically no evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease on invasive angiography. TTS is characterised by apical ballooning or akinesis with basal hyperkinesia. Basal type Takotsubo Syndrome (bTTS) is a less common atypical variant identified by basal akinesis and apical hyperkinesis. Although both forms have been shown to be associated with neurological disease and intracranial haemorrhage or ischaemic stroke, bTTS in the context of epileptiform seizures is relatively rare but an important diagnosis to recognise. We describe a case of a 73-year-old woman who presented to hospital with generalised tonic clonic seizures, followed by centralised chest pain, troponin elevation due to bTTS. This case describes an uncommon presentation of bTTS and highlights the importance of cardiac assessment in patients presenting with generalised tonic-clonic seizures.
The Clustering and Distribution of Heavymetal Accumulation and Translocation as an Ability of Mangrove Vegetation to Reduce Impact of Heavymetal (Hg, Cd and Zn) Pollution
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Dewi Rose , Sudiana Eming , Mahdiana Arif , Sari Lilik Kartika , Cahyo Tri Nur
Published: March 2022

Mangrove has ability to reduce impact of heavy metal contaminant which released from industry and domestic waste. Mangrove has ability to absorb, accumulate, and translocate heavy metal contaminant. Whereas the clustering and landscape of mangrove ecosystem show the grading and zoning of mangrove vegetation to accumulate heavymetal pollution. .Therefore, this study aimed to analyze distribution and clustering of heavy metal accumulation and traslocation in mangrove ecosystem.. The results showed the accumulation of Mercury were 0.1347 ± 0.0212 ppm (sediment), 0.0137 ± 0.0137 ppm (water), 0.0110–0.0640 ppm (stem and bark), 0.0020–0.0120 ppm (leaves), and 0.0260–0.0690 ppm (roots). Cadmium accumulations between 1.6048 ± 0.3595 ppm (sediment), 0.0292 ± 0.0047 ppm (water), 0.0790–0.2650 ppm (stem and bark), 0.0130–0.0480 ppm (leaves), and 0.1560–0.2300 ppm (roots). Furthermore, Zinc had score that were 35.1746 ± 5.4856 ppm (sediment), 0.0550 ± 0.0095 ppm (water), 10.3250–32.4490 ppm (stem and bark), 7.1200-23.4150 ppm (leaves), and 16.7170–39.1200 ppm (roots). However, bioaccumulation factors of Hg ranged between 0.0210–0.4751, Cd 0.0105–0.1541, and Zn 0.2807–1.2506 with the translocation factors of 0.0459–1.0547 (Hg), 0.0642–1.3855 (Cd), and 0.4086–1.3057 (Zn). The mangrove landscape showed that of Sonneratia alba (best of Hg accumulation), Rhizophora mucronata (best of Cd accumulation), Avicennia marina (best of Zn accumulation)
The variable clinical spectrum of nephroblastomatosis – results from the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (GPOH) childhood kidney tumor group.
Authors: Furtwängler Rhoikos , Schenk Jens-Peter , Friesenbichler Waltraud , Gessler Manfred , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Kager Leo , Müller Marina , Welter Nils , Fuchs Jürgen , Warmann Steven , Meier Clemens M , Hubertus Jochen , Rübe Christian , Vokuhl Christian , Melchior Patrick , Graf Norbert
Published: March 2022

Background: Histologically nephroblastomatosis consists of ≥2 microscopic foci of nephrogenic rests. In contrast, clinically apparent nephroblastomatosis consists of single, multiple or diffuse hyperplastic nephrogenic rests (HNR) that can be mistaken for nephroblastoma on imaging. Their treatment and outcome are as variable as published results.Methods: Analysis of 78 patients having clinically apparent uni- or bilateral nephroblastomatosis out of 2347 patients registered for a renal tumor in the consecutive International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP)93-01/GPOH and SIOP2001/GPOH studies between 1993 and 2014. Results: Median age at diagnosis and follow-up was 13 months (0–12.7 years) and 9.2 years, respectively. 59% of patients were female, 57% had bilateral and 53% multifocal or diffuse nephroblastomatosis. Radiologic diagnosis was conclusive in 67% when reviewed centrally versus 30% without review (p=0.015). 27% of patients developed nephroblastoma(s). On histology 45% were high-risk, 30% intermediate-risk and 25% upfront-surgery-blastemal subtype. 5-year-event-free (EFS), nephroblastoma-free-(NFS) and overall-survival (OS) were 60.7%, 79.8% and 95.5%, respectively. Univariate risk factors for EFS/NFS were female gender (p<0.001/p=0.031), bilateral (p=0.002/p=0.03) and diffuse HNR at diagnosis (p<0.001/p=0.016), and non-complete remission (non-CR) at the end of first-line-treatment (both p<0.001). Gender and non-CR remained significant in multivariate COX regression analysis for EFS (p=0.005 and <0.001, respectively), non-CR also for NFS (p=0.002). 34 of 74 evaluable patients achieved CR within 12 weeks after diagnosis, 25 of them had no further treatment and were followed, 9 received chemotherapy. Their EFS was 78% and 100%, respectively.Conclusion: Nephroblastomatosis confronts clinicians with a variety of pitfalls, but overall survival is excellent. However, patients need an extended follow-up for more than a decade. In patients who have achieved CR within 12 weeks, a relatively short treatment is sufficient. Contrary, the risk of progression for patients having bilateral and diffuse HNR is significantly increased, despite prolonged treatment. A clear common terminology is needed for future trials to facilitate true comparability of results.
Intact observation of secondary xylem and parenchyma cells in woody plants using a combination of scanning electron microscopy and broad argon ion beam milling
Authors: Hatano Tomohiro , Nakaba Satoshi , Horikawa Yoshiki , Funada Ryo
Published: March 2022

The secondary xylem of woody plants consists of fragile living cells and rigid cell walls. However, xylem structures are easily damaged during mechanical cross-sectioning for electron microscopy analysis. A broad argon ion beam (BIB) milling technique is commonly employed for analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in material science to generate a large and distortion-free cross-section. However, BIB milling is rarely used in plant science. In this study, SEM combined with the BIB milling technique was validated as an accurate tool for structural observation of xylem tissues of two woody plants, Pinus densiflora (Japanese red pine) and Quercus phillyraeoides (Ubame oak), in comparison to cutting with the classical microtome. The BIB milling method does not require epoxy resin embedding because of prior chemical fixation and critical point drying of the sample, thus producing a three-dimensional image. The results showed that xylem structures were well-preserved in their natural state in the BIB-milled cross-section compared with the microtome cross-section. The observation using SEM with BIB milling was found to be useful for imaging hard and soft plant tissues, particularly the ultrastructure of fragile secondary xylem cells. Thus, we propose a new imaging method for detailed observation of plant tissue structures.
Pregnancy Outcomes and Associated Factors in Women with Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Wolie Aysheshim Geremew , Demas Tangute , Muzeyin Khadija , Yesuf Subah Abderehim , Tsegaye Tigist
Published: March 2022

Background: Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases are among the leading cause of death, representing about a third of all global deaths. Of these deaths, 85% were due to heart attack and stroke. While existing evidences reveal that pregnancy in women with cardiovascular disease is associated with a range of feto-maternal complications, corresponding studies among pregnant women in Ethiopian context are rather limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess pregnancy outcomes and associated factors in women with cardiovascular diseases.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 pregnant women with cardiovascular disease attending three selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Women’s charts were selected with multi-stage sampling technique. The collected data was entered and analyzed using Statistical package for Social Science version 26. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. A p value of <0.05 was predetermined to be statistically significant for multivariable logistic regression.Result: Two-thirds (255;66.4%) of the pregnant mothers were younger than 36 years. More than half (202;52.6%) had valvular heart disease and about a third (116;30.2%) had heart failure. There were 25.5% heart failure events and 18.7% life threatening arrhythmia episodes. Two hundred fifty-four (66.1%) of the cohort had poor pregnancy outcomes such as preterm delivery (39.6%), abortion (15.6%) and stillbirth (8.3%) of the pregnancies. 8.1% of the pregnancies ended with maternal death. Women with valvular heart disease (AOR=3.418, 95% CI =2.045-5.714) and heart failure (AOR =5.058, 95% CI=2.641-9.687) were more likely to have poor pregnancy outcome.Conclusion: Pregnancy in women with CVD is a serious cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in the study setting. These women should receive strict clinical attention by a multidisciplinary team both during preconception and prenatal period to improve feto-maternal outcomes.
Attentional processing of body images in women with overweight and obesity
Authors: Baur Julia , Krohmer Kerstin , Naumann Eva , Svaldi Jennifer
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Despite the claim to integrate body image interventions in obesity treatment, little is known about the mechanisms involved in maintaining body dissatisfaction in persons with overweight and obesity. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate attentional processing of body stimuli in women with overweight and obesity (OW). Methods: Women with OW (n = 82) and normal weight controls (NW; n = 44) conducted two eye-tracking paradigms. In the first paradigm, fixation duration on the subjectively most beautiful and ugliest body part of one’s own and a weight-matched control body were analyzed. In the second paradigm, picture pairs including the own and a control body or object were presented and initial fixation orientation was measured. Automatic and intentional processing of the body pictures was manipulated by either indicating on which side which stimuli would appear or not.Results: Women with OW displayed a bias towards the ugliest as opposed to the most beautiful body part, whereas women with NW showed a balanced viewing pattern. Furthermore, both groups showed a preference for bodies relative to the object. However, only women with OW preferred their own relative to the control body during intentional processing.Conclusion: Taken together, results point towards a self-focused and deficit-oriented gaze pattern in women with overweight and obesity. Targeting these processes might help to improve obesity treatment outcomes.Level of Evidence: Level I, experimental study.