bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Vestibular Dysfunction: insights from NHANES data and mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhang Lingli
Published: February 2024

Introduction
The relationship between metabolic syndrome and vestibular dysfunction has attracted significant attention; however, consensus regarding their association remains elusive. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and vestibular dysfunction through observational analysis of the NHANES database and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
Data from the NHANES database spanning 1999 to 2004 were utilized for observational analysis, alongside Mendelian Randomization (MR) methodology. NHANES data analysis was conducted using EmpowerStats 4.1, while MR analysis utilized publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data.
Results
Observational analysis of NHANES data revealed an association between metabolic syndrome and vestibular dysfunction in unadjusted models, which disappeared upon adjustment for various confounding factors. MR analysis results indicated no significant causal relationship between metabolic syndrome and vestibular dysfunction; however, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hypertension were identified as potential risk factors for vestibular dysfunction.
Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that there is no apparent association between metabolic syndrome and vestibular dysfunction. However, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hypertension may serve as risk factors for vestibular dysfunction. This discovery contributes to the precision prevention and treatment of vestibular dysfunction, thereby enhancing the quality of life for affected individuals.
Arsenic modifies the effect of folic acid in spina bifida prevention, a large hospital-based case-control study in Bangladesh
Authors: Wei Chih-Fu , Mukherjee Sudipta Kumar , Ekramullah Sheikh Muhammad , Arman D. M. , Islam Md Joynul , Azim Mubinul , Rahman Asifur , Rahman Md Nafaur , Ziauddin Md. , Tindula Gwen , Suchanda Hafiza Sultana , Gomberg Diana F. , Weisskopf Marc G. , Liang Liming , Warf Benjamin C. , Christiani David C. , Mazumdar Maitreyi
Published: February 2024

Background
Spina bifida, a developmental malformation of the spinal cord, is associated with high rates of mortality and disability. Although folic acid-based preventive strategies have been successful in reducing rates of spina bifida, some areas continue to be at higher risk because of chemical exposures. Bangladesh has high arsenic exposures through contaminated drinking water and high rates of spina bifida.
Methods
We conducted a hospital-based case-control study at the National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital (NINS&H) in Dhaka, Bangladesh, between December 2016 and December 2022. Cases were infants under age one year with spina bifida and further classified using data from observations by neurosurgeons and available imaging. Controls were drawn from children who presented to NINS&H or Dhaka Shishu Hospital (DSH) during the same study period. Mothers reported folic acid use during pregnancy, and we assessed folate status with serum assays. Arsenic exposure was estimated in drinking water using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GF-AAS) and in toenails using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results
We evaluated data from 294 cases of spina bifida and 163 controls. We did not find a main effect of mother’s arsenic exposure on spina bifida risk. However, in stratified analyses, folic acid use was associated with lower odds of spina bifida (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25-1.00, p = 0.05) among women with toenail arsenic concentrations below the median, and no association was seen among mothers with toenail arsenic concentrations higher than median (adjusted OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.52–2.29, p = 0.82).
Conclusions
Mother’s arsenic exposure modified the protective association of folic acid with spina bifida. Increased surveillance and additional preventive strategies, such as folic acid fortification and reduction of arsenic, are needed in areas of high arsenic exposure.
Biomorphological assessment of oat (Avena L.) species distributed in Azerbaijan
Authors: Guliyeva Gunel , Asgarov Aydin , Eldarov Mahammad
Published: February 2024

This article presents data on herbarium and seed materials, comprising 230 specimens that cover 72 routes of 10 species (A. eriantha Durieu, A. clauda Durieu, A. wiestii Steud., A. barbata Pott ex Link, A. hirtula Lag., A. bruhnsiana Grun., A. ventricosa Bal. ex Coss., A. trichophylla C. Koch, A. fatua L., A. ludoviciana Durieu) within the genus Avena L. These specimens were collected from various regions of Azerbaijan during the period of 2019–2023. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the taxonomic, morphological, and ecological-geographical characteristics of Oat species (Avena L.) distributed in Azerbaijan. Through an examination of biomorphological variability and ecological characterization, it was revealed that these 10 species are distributed across diverse regions of Azerbaijan, each adapting to different ecological conditions. These species are predominantly found in the Greater Caucasus, Lesser Caucasus, Kura-Araz, Nakhchivan, and Lankaran-Astara botanical-geographical regions. The distribution of these species is mainly observed along roadsides, crops, grasslands, and coastal sand dunes. The Oat (Avena L.) species distributed in Azerbaijan have been subjected to biomorphological evaluation, considering 29 quantitative and 16 qualitative characteristics. Geographical longitude, geographical latitude, altitude above sea level, in-situ plant conditions, and phytocenological characteristics of the growing area of the plant species are indicated. The cluster analysis of morphological characters revealed that the species within the genus could be classified into two main groups.
Seismic analysis and evaluation of safety and resilience of the lifeline networks during the earthquake sequence
Authors: tehrani Zhamak monazami , monazami ghazaleh , Dorostian Arezou , Akashe Bahram , Almasian Mahmoud
Published: February 2024

The vulnerability analysis of structure and infrastructure damages is an essential step to estimate the possible effects of an earthquake to decrease the loss of key system factors. This study was conducted aiming to shine light on seismic analysis and performance evaluation of lifeline networks during earthquake sequences with insight into resilience.
Probability Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) was used to analyze seismic hazard; and EZ-Frisk application was used to analyze seismic hazard, spectral matching modeling, and site response. ZMAP software was used to detect and locate future earthquakes, considering local seismic tectonic conditions. To detect the resilience level of the lifeline networks, key point localization and geospatial mapping were performed using GIS software.
Maximum displacement in this study was estimated to be approximately 68 cm. The distribution of these values ​​resembles the acceleration of the earthquake. In the part concerning seismic studies, the location of future earthquakes for the next event was also proposed for two other areas. The highest level of sensitivity and vulnerability was located in the center and toward the northeastern part of the study area.
The results of this study suggested that a particular attention should be paid to vulnerable high-risk points and the demands should move towards safe structures and infrastructures in assigned areas.
N-(2-chloro-5-(3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide (FD274): a potential novel PI3K inhibitor with low cardiotoxicity in mice
Authors: Wu Tianze , Gong Yimin , Lu Mingzhu , Chen Yi , Yang Chengbin , Yang Yannan , Xu Jun , Cai Tong , Ling Yun , Zhou Yaming
Published: February 2024

Considering the common occurrence of the adverse cardiovascular events caused by PI3K inhibitors in clinical trials, a comprehensive assessment of the cardiotoxicity of promising PI3K inhibitor candidates for their potential clinical translation is of great importance. Based on our previous studies of the 7-azaindazole-based PI3K inhibitors, in this work, we report a potential novel PI3K inhibitor, N-(2-chloro-5-(3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide (FD274), with low cardiotoxicity in mice. FD274 exhibited minimal adverse effects in inducing cardiac dysfunction, oxidative stress and cardiac injury when compared to the positive control FD268, a bioisostere of FD274. Additionally, western blot analyses suggested that the minimal adverse effects of FD274 could be related to the preservation of the activity of the antioxidant pathway protein Nrf2. In contrast, the downregulation of Nrf2 as well as the upregulation of NADPH oxidase and the apoptosis-related proteins resulted in the cardiotoxicity of FD268. Finally, we confirmed the low cardiotoxicity of FD274 after the 20-day treatment process in the HL-60 xenograft mice model. Our results confirmed the low cardiotoxicity of FD274 which deserves further development.
Microstructure modulation realizing high performance of Pb-Ag alloys by controlled solidification temperature
Authors: Zhou Xinxin , Yu XiaoQiang , Jiang Cheng , Chen Buming , Huang Hui , Guo Jun , Gao Chao , Xu Ruidong , Guo Zhongcheng
Published: February 2024

The microstructure of the Pb-Ag alloy is vital to its mechanical, corrosion and electrochemical properties. In this paper, heat preservation mold is used to control the temperature of cast lead alloy, realizing the regulation of the microstructure of Pb-Ag alloy. The effects of the surface microstructure and the Ag distribution on the mechanical, corrosion-resistant and electrochemical properties of lead alloy are investigated. The results show that the heat preservation treatment effectively enhances the longitudinal tissue uniformity of the alloy, and optimizes the distribution of Ag in the alloy. The alloy shows the best comprehensive performance as the heat preservation temperature reaches 50 ℃ due to the uniform size of the metallographic structure and the most uniformly distributed Ag. The low-temperature heat preservation treatment (12 ℃) refines the middle and bottom grains of the alloy and enhances the mechanical properties of the alloy. However, the increased uniform grain size and Ag distribution at the longitudinal level of the alloy led to a decrease in the electrochemical properties and corrosion resistance.
GABA-containing product from Lactobacillus fermentum-fermented rice bran suppresses breast cancer cell migration
Authors: Ngo Dai-Hung , Nguyen Ha Nhu Mai , Tran Quoc Tuan , Hang Nguyen Thi Nhat , Ngo Dai-Nghiep , Vo Thanh Sang
Published: February 2024

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid widely distributed in several natural products, has potential for the regulation of various cancers. In this study, the suppressive effect of GABA-containing product (GCP) fromLactobacillus fermentum-fermented rice bran on breast cancer cell development was investigated. MTT method was used for the cytotoxic test of GCP. Moreover, qPCR analysis was applied for evaluation of target gene expression, while flow cytometry assay was used for the investigation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The results showed that GCP significantly suppressed the migration of MCF-7 cells at a non-cytotoxic concentration of 400 µg/mL. Moreover, GCP downregulated the gene and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and − 9 in the cells. Notably, the treatment of GCP caused cell cycle arrest in the phase of G2/M and induced an early apoptotic process via upregulation of caspase-8, -9, and Bax expression. Accordingly, GCP can be suggested as a promising food ingredient for the management of breast cancer metastasis.
Delayed Hemothorax Following Blunt Thoracic Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Álvarez-Ortega Astrid Carolina , Aranda-Hoyos Alcibíades , García-González Carlos Alejandro , Puyana Juan Carlos , Sánchez-Ortiz Álvaro Ignacio , Velásquez-Galvis Mauricio
Published: February 2024

Background: Late hemothorax is a rare complication of blunt chest trauma. The longest reported time interval between the traumatic event and the development of hemothorax is 44 days.
Case Presentation: An elderly patient with right-sided rib fractures from chest trauma, managed initially with closed thoracostomy, presented with a delayed hemothorax that occurred 62 days after initial management, necessitating conservative and then surgical intervention due to the patient's frail condition and subsequent complications.
Conclusions: This case emphasizes the clinical challenge and significance of delayed hemothorax in chest trauma, highlighting the need for vigilance and potential surgical correction in complex presentations, especially in the elderly
Connecting scientific literacy with culturally competent instruction: A mixed methods comparative case study analysis exploring teachers’ and high school students’ understanding of environmental pollution and Superfund sites
Authors: Joseph Shanelle
Published: February 2024

Superfund sites and other deleterious environmental conditions plague urban America and Black communities at disproportionate rates. While routes of exposure vary encompassing epigenetic factors; primary exposure; and lifestyle, most are marginalized or prevalent among minority populations living near Superfund sites and other origins of pollution. Deficient in scientific literacy, many affected persons are unable to comprehend the extent to which environmental pollution contributes to adverse health. This multiple methods comparative case study sought to: 1) introduce students and teachers to the concept of Superfund Sites; 2) encourage teachers to adjust curricula to address issues within one’s community and culture; and 3) expose students to a culturally competent curriculum that promotes environmental awareness and self-advocacy. Theoretically framed by culturally compelling instruction and place-based science teaching and learning perspectives, this study collected pre- and post-implementation data on students’ understanding of environmental pollution and the consequence of such exposure to human health. Interviews with teachers were conducted to understand their perspectives on culturally competent science curricula and in what ways, if any, they incorporate environmental justice into their instruction.
Integrated Analysis of Bulk transcriptomics and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data identifies Glycolysis-Related Prognostic Gene signature of sepsis
Authors: Zhang Wenxiao , Liu Zhiqi , Zheng Shuaige , Liu Shihao , Ren Shengyong , Wang Wenjie , Shao Huanzhang , Qin Bingyu
Published: February 2024

Background
It has been widely recognized that the perturbation of the immune system induced by sepsis underlies the pathophysiology of sepsis and determines the patient’s prognosis. Failure of previous studies targeting one single marker highlighted the complexity and heterogeneity of immunopathology in sepsis. This study aimed to develop a glycolysis-related gene model able to predict sepsis prognosis.
Methods
Univariate Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were applied to establish a glycolysis-related risk model. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to test the model’s prognostic value, which also was verified in the other cohort. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to further explore the cell origin of glycolysis-related signature genes, and Seurat was used for data quality control and analysis. Cell abundances were validated via bulk-gene-expression deconvolution.
Results
In patients with sepsis, fourteen glycolysis-related genes associated with 28-day survival were finally identified and fitted into a prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that, whether in the training or validation cohort, the mortality of the High-Score group identified by this model was significantly higher than that of the Low-Score group (P values were 1.578e-7 and 4.572e-4 respectively). Enrichment analysis based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) suggested that the High-Score group was mainly enriched in neutrophil activation, neutrophil degranulation, and neutrophil-mediated immunity as well as ferroptosis, while negative regulation of monocyte activation and interferon-gamma production and was downregulated. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis demonstrated that Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) might play an essential role in the hub gene network. ScRNA-seq analysis showed that majority of these signature genes were expressed in myeloid cells. Monocytes in survived septic patients had much higher FBP1 expression, which was also verified by bulk-gene-expression deconvolution.
Conclusions
The constructed glycolysis-related prognostic gene signature could effectively predict the 28-day mortality of septic patients. High expression of FBP1 in monocytes may play a protective effect on patients with sepsis, which deserves further research and analysis.
Physical and chemical water quality characteristics in six wetlands of Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Authors: Mazengia Hailu , Kaiser Horst , Mengist Minwuyelet
Published: February 2024

Physical and chemical water quality characteristics were studied in six of Lake Tana. The purpose of the study was to explore how different methods describe the “health” of the wetlands and how different approaches relate to each other. The physicochemical parameters were measured in-situ with portable multimeter and nutrients and chlorophyll a were determined by following the standard procedures outlined in the United States Environmental Protection Agency using UV/Visible photometer (Spectrophotometer). The trophic state index (TSI) of wetlands was determined using trophic state variable and Carlson model. The lake water quality index (WQI) was also evaluated using data from multiple water quality parameters into a mathematical equation to express the overall water quality at each study wetland and season. The water quality datasets were subjected to four multivariate statistical techniques, namely, univariate analysis of variance (univariate ANOVA), cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA). Analysis of the physicochemical dataset using univariate analysis indicated a significant interaction between wetland and season (ANOVA, p < 0.05) for the mean value of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, Secchi depth a.m., and p.m., salinity, nitrate, total ammonia, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and Chlorophyll-a while water temperature, water depth, soluble reactive phosphorous were not affected (ANOVA, p > 0.05) by the interaction between wetland by season. Spatial diversity and site grouping based on water quality characteristics using CA, PCA and FA analysis grouped the 6-wetlands into four clusters based on the similarity of water quality characteristics. The four clusters displayed in the dendrogram were grouped into least polluted cluster 1 (WO and RA), slightly polluted cluster 2 (MRM). moderately polluted cluster 3 ( GRM and ZG ) and highly polluted cluster 1 (AV). There was a significant interaction between wetland and season (ANOVA, p < 0.05) for the mean value of total trophic state index (TOTTSI), total nitrogen trophic state index (TSITN), total phosphorous trophic state index (TSITP,), total chlorophyll-a trophic state index (TSIChla) ,and total Secchi depth trophic state index (TSISTD). However, there was no a significant interaction between wetland and season (ANOVA, p > 0.05) for the mean value of WQI. In conclusion, ranking of the pollution status of wetlands of Lake Tana using different approaches in this study using multivariate statistics, Carlson TSI, and WQI model suggest that some wetlands did not fit completely in the same category The current study on water quality variables of Lake Tana recommends that top priority should be given to regular water quality monitoring, in conjunction with biodiversity and fish health assessment.
Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assessment of Semen Quality and Male Fertility Impacted by Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Faisal Anwer Jaber , Al-Imam Mokhtar Jawad , Abbood Alaa Saadi
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a severe problem because many infections are asymptomatic or have fewer symptoms and account for about 20% of male infertility.
Objective: This study developed Real-time PCR kits to detect Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma species, and Trichomonas vaginalis in infertile and fertile men's semen.
Methods: Men aged 24–55 with no children and a conceiving issue were the patient group, while men aged 18–49 with at least one child and a standard seminal fluid check were the control group. The Amplisens® MULTIPRIME-FRT PCR kit was used to analyze the DNA for the human beta-globin HBB gene to determine if it came from the isolated pathogen.
Results: The study revealed that out of the patient group, 22 out of 54 individuals tested positive (40.9%) for N. gonorrhoeae, 7 out of 54 (31.8%) for T. pallidum, 4 out of 54 (18.18%) for M. genitalium, and 2 out of 54 (9.09%) for T. vaginalis. In the control group, which consisted of 13 males, only one infection with N. gonorrhoeae was detected.
Conclusion: The four urogenital infections evaluated were common in infertile people. However, they may not be the only cause of male infertility in this region.
Graphical Insights into Dynamical Behavior: Advanced Iterative Methods for Root Finding in Computational Mathematics
Authors: Raza Muhammad , Toheed Danish , Haq Mashood ul , Rehman Najma Abul
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a novel family of Newton-like iterative methods ranging from fourth to seventh order, specifically designed for the efficient determination of simple roots in nonlinear equations. Outperforming existing methods, our proposed techniques exhibit superior stability and expanded basin sizes. Their unprecedented reliability and broad applicability position them as valuable assets for addressing real-world challenges in diverse domains such as Mathematical Modeling, Biomathematics, and Thermodynamics. To illuminate the dynamic behavior of these methods, we employ the graphical tool 'Basin of Attraction'. Through comprehensive analysis, our research demonstrates a significant enhancement in accuracy and convergence rates, presenting a modest yet impactful contribution to the realm of computational mathematics.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 65H04, 65H05
Synthesis and Characterization of Ag Nanoparticles as Cholesterol Biosensor
Authors: Ali Akbar . , Masood Fawad
Published: February 2024

In the present research work, the Ag NPs were synthesized by chemical reduction method using AgNO3 as a reducing agent and NaBH4 as stabilizing agent and reducing agent as well. The structural properties and crystallite size of the prepared sample were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. XRD revealed the cubic structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the chemical bond vibrations of the different groups present in Ag NPs. UV-Vis spectroscopy was done to observe the abortion spectrum of Ag NPs. The surface morphology was examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Afterwards, synthesized AgNPs have been used for the fabrication of cholesterol biosensor using three electrode system. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used as working electrode. Finally the electrochemical measurements have been performed for the different concentration of cholesterol. The linearity response was observed between the potential difference and concentration of cholesterol, which shows that our material is effective for the fabrication of cholesterol biosensor.
Quantitative secretomics identifies ligand-receptor pairs in pancreatic cancer that mediate bidirectional crosstalk between cancer stem cells and nociceptors
Authors: Chang Chao-Hui , Liu Feng , Deng Siwei , Militi Stefania , Hester Svenja , Rendek Aniko , Soonawalla Zahir , Huang Wei , Fischer Roman , Pauklin Siim
Published: February 2024

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest and most metastatic cancers in human. PDACs respond poorly to therapies, partly due to cancer stem cells (CSCs) that self-renew, survive chemotherapies, metastasise and replenish the tumour. Factors secreted by tumour cells mediate autocrine/paracrine crosstalk with surroundingcells contributing to the stem cell niche but are still insufficiently characterised. Here we used quantitative SILAC proteomics to identify secreted factors enriched in CSC secretome compared to non-CSCs. Among them were GDF15 and VGF, factors involved in cachexia and pain stimuli. GDF15 and VGF promoted CSC self-renewal and growth through autocrine effects. TGFβ/Activin signalling lowered GDF15 and VGF expression via SMAD2/3-SMAD4-SNON, switching to ATF4-CREB-mediated induction upon cell stress. Co-culture of PDAC-CSCs and hESC-derived neural cells for mimicking cellular crosstalk in PDAC revealed that paracrine signalling via GDF15/VGF promoted nociceptor formation and neurite outgrowth. In turn, Substance P from neurons supported CSC self-renewal, EMT/migration and clonal evolution that was also impacted by SMAD4 genetic status. Lastly, the serum levels of GDF15 and VGF were elevated in PDAC patients suggesting their utility as biomarkers for PDAC detection. Collectively, our data uncovered that cachexia and pain signalling factors mediate the crosstalk between CSCs and nociceptors.
Concave Surface-Enriched Reactant Boosts Electrocatalytic C2H4 Production from Coal-Derived C2H2 via π-Electron Delocalization Effect
Authors: Li Li , Chen Fanpeng , Cheng Chuanqi , Yu Yifu , Zhao Bo-Hang , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2024

Electrocatalytic semihydrogenation of acetylene (C2H2) provides a facile and petroleum-independent pathway for ethylene (C2H4) production. However, the reliance on the preseparation and concentration of raw coal-derived C2H­2 hinders its economic potential. Here, density functional theory calculations demonstrate that a concave surface leads to a polarization electric field, which is beneficial for enriching the electrophilicity C2H­2 and is suitable for direct conversion of raw coal-derived C2H2. Then, a porous concave carbon-supported Cu nanoparticles (Cu-PCC) electrode is designed to enrich the feeding C2H2 gas. As a result, the as-prepared electrode enables a 91.7% C2H4 Faradaic efficiency and 81.26% C2H2 conversion under a simulated raw coal-derived C2H2 atmosphere (~15%) at a current density of 420 mA cm−2, greatly outperforming its counterpart without concave surface supports. Moreover, a series of characterizations reveal that the strengthened intermolecular π conjugation caused by the increased C2H2 coverage leads to the delocalization of π electrons in C2H2, consequently promoting C2H2 activation, suppressing HER competition and enhancing C2H4 selectivity.
Development of an artificial neural network to maximize the reproducibility of dyeing polyamide fabrics
Authors: Voigt Francis Dalponte , Machado Ricardo Antonio Francisco
Published: February 2024

The Brazilian textile industry is an essential pillar of the country's economy, standing out globally as the fifth-largest textile hub and the fourth-largest in the clothing segment. However, one of the critical challenges faced by this sector is the reprocessing of fabrics, which leads to delivery delays, quality impacts, increased costs, and environmental impacts. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify reprocessing in the dyeing process of a textile industry through preestablished patterns using a neural network. To achieve this goal, this research is being conducted in partnership with a company in the sector, focusing on data collection, preparation, processing, training and validating the neural network. Specifically, the focus is on the data collected from the production of polyamide, where approximately 95% of the reprocessing is classified as undefined, making the identification and precise resolution of these issues challenging. Thus, this research aims not only to enhance the efficiency of polyamide production but also to contribute to resource savings and compliance with environmental commitments, consolidating the concept of sustainability in the textile industry. The incorporation of artificial intelligence, such as neural networks, has emerged as an essential strategy to drive the textile industry toward more efficient and less impactful practices.
Short-Term and Long-Term Results of Odontoid Screw Fixation in Patients with Type II and Rostral Type III Dens Fractures
Authors: Lvov Ivan , Grin Andrey , Talypov Aleksandr , Kordonskiy Anton , Tupikin Aleksandr
Published: February 2024

Objectives. To evaluate both the short-term and long-term outcomes of odontoid screw fixation (OSF), identifying potential risk factors for implant-related complications in patients with odontoid fractures.
Methods. This is a retrospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Type II fractures and rostral Type III fractures, according to the Anderson and D’Alonzo classification; 2) patients older than 15 years. Exclusion criteria were: 1) other Type III injuries; 2) osteoporosis confirmed by densitometry or a CT bone density score below 100 Hounsfield units; 3) odontoid fractures related to tumors or aneurysmal bone cysts.
Results. In total, 56 patients were considered for the analysis of short-term results, and 23 patients were evaluated for long-term outcomes. No significant differences were observed in the preoperative imaging data and intraoperative features of OSF between patients with Type II and rostral Type III fractures. The mean operative duration was 63.9 ± 20.9 minutes, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 22.1 ± 22.9 ml.
Screw cut-out was identified in four patients with rostral Type III fractures (p = 0.04). The rate of screw cut-out was found to correlate with the degree of dens fragment displacement. The bone fusion rate was 91.3%. CT scans identified stable pseudarthrosis in two cases. We observed C2-C3 ankylosis in all cases following partial disc resection. One third of patients with screws placed through the anterior lip of C2 showed no C2-C3 ankylosis. A strong trend towards lateral joint ankylosis formation in patients with a median lateral mass dislocation of 11.9 mm was observed. Most SF-36 scores either matched or exceeded the corresponding normal median values in the published reference database.
Conclusions. OSF is a reliable treatment method of type II and rostral type III odontoid fractures with fragment displacement of 4 mm or less. The minimally invasive OSF through the anterior-inferior lip of C2, using monocortical screw placement and cannulated instruments, without rigid intraoperative head immobilization, is sufficient to achieve favorable clinical and fusion results. This technique reduces the risk of ankylosis in the C2-C3 segment. OSF restore the quality of life for patients with odontoid fractures to levels comparable to those of the general population norm.
Syrian private university students' awareness of blood transfusion strategies at perioperative period
Authors: Mohammed Waleed , ALSail Samer , Rekmani Najwa
Published: February 2024

Background
Anesthesiologists are involved in most blood transfusions during the perioperative period, trauma resuscitation, critical care, and obstetric hemorrhage. Transfusion refers to the administration of blood and blood products, such as whole blood, packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, platelets, and concentrated fibrinogen etc. These products aim to maintain the ability to carry oxygen and restore the blood clotting property. This study aims to know the awareness of Syrian Private University students about modern strategies for blood transfusion in the perioperative period.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study that used a questionnaire in the form of an electronic survey that was administered among medical college students at the Syrian Private University. 277 students answered the questionnaire. The electronic questionnaire included a set of variables, including demographic and personal information for students, variables about indications for blood transfusion during surgery, rules for preserving blood, and a study of knowledge about how to transfer, use, and methods of preserving blood products and their benefits.
Results
The average of the students’ answers about the indications for blood transfusion during surgery was 1.81 ± 1.5, and the average of the students’ answers about the issues that they should take into consideration when transfusing blood was 2.93 ± 2.203. The majority of the students answered correctly when asked about the rules for blood preservation, and the average of the students’ answers about knowledge with the rules for dealing with a blood sample of 1.92 ± 0.96, the majority of students answered correctly when asked about concentrated red blood cells, and the average answers when asked about platelets and plasma was 4.31 ± 2.36, and the average answers of students when asked about complications was 4.31 ± 232. In our study, the percentage of female knowledge was higher Among males (statistical significance = less than 0.05), except for the rules of blood conservation and knowledge of red blood cells, knowledge was greater among males (statistical significance = less than 0.05).
Conclusion
The degree of students’ knowledge about the indications for blood transfusion, the matters that must be taken into consideration during blood transfusion during surgery, the rules of blood preservation, and knowledge about platelets and plasma, was weak and below the expected level, while their degree of knowledge about the complications of blood transfusion was good.
Exploring the nexus of artificial intelligence in talent acquisition: Unravelling cost-benefit dynamics, seizing opportunities, and mitigating risks
Authors: Khan Sania , Faisal Shaha , Thomas George
Published: February 2024

The rise in talent management complications led organizations to rely on the latest technologies to automate their routine HRM tasks through AI. This study proposed to examine fundamental aspects of AI in talent acquisition (cost-benefit, opportunities, and risk factors) from the context of strategic analysis and decision-making. 52 respondents from HRM and the information technology departments from fifteen large dairy enterprises, each with more than one thousand employees, were included in the focus group discussion. Both departments were included in the focus group discussion as they heavily employ AI in talent acquisition. The opinions were collected in multiple rounds based on the cost, benefit, opportunity, and risk criteria using the analytical hierarchy process, a multi-criteria decision-making framework. The findings demonstrated that most respondents opinioned AI supports talent acquisition with many opportunities (38.7%) that involve the identification of the best applicants (18.7%) and different benefits (33.2%) to the organization in the form of saving time and cost (16.1%) leading to higher efficacy. The study infers that the application of AI in HRM significantly contributes to talent acquisition, streamlining processes, improving efficiency, and enhancing decision-making. The study recommends that implementing AI in talent acquisition requires a strategic approach, and organizations need to consider factors such as data privacy, ethical use of AI, and ongoing training to ensure successful integration into their hiring processes. Additionally, regular monitoring and adjustments are essential to optimize the effectiveness of AI tools in talent acquisition.
AcknowledgmentThe authors of this article would like to thank Prince Sultan University for its financial and academic support for this publication.
Analysing Barriers to Girls’ Education Outcomes in South Sudan
Authors: Maper Shadrach
Published: February 2024

The study was conducted to analyzed barriers to girl education South Sudan programme. With literacy rate for the country at 47%, female literacy is worse within the region with 42% of the overall enrolment were girls which was lower by 16% to that of boys. The outcome of the results might be used to scale up cash transfers and other initiatives for girls as keys barriers are identified and analyzed for girls’ education outcomes. The study has used pareto analysis, tables and graphs to demonstrate the effects of those barriers to girl’s education outcome. The findings indicated that: For instance, girls are more likely to dropout due to pregnancy at 7%, and early marriage at 9% than boys who are more likely to dropout due to recruitment into military and insecurity on the road to school. The research found that girls are more likely to drop out of school (7.4%) as they go to higher level of education compared to male counter dropout rate. 85% of girls are likely to miss school due to long distance from school and fees related issues. While 79% are more likely to drop out of schools due to displacement, 70% are likely to miss due to personal and cultural issues at home, 59z% due to marriage and pregnancy having score 40%. Therefore, partners and the national ministry of general education and instructions should prioritize those factors in their strategy to improve girls’ education outcomes.
Mining Sector in South Africa: An Individual Perception on Open Strategy
Authors: Ward Gray Robert , Sreekala S. P
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to investigate a positive approach to mining innovation and growth, as well as the effectiveness of open strategy as a practical solution to strategic management in South Africa. Through mixed-method research design, both qualitative and quantitative data analysis were performed using NVivo and SPSS software. The sampling frame included 20 interviews with highly knowledgeable participants and 205 online survey responses collected from participants established in medium to large size mining companies, shareholders, government /DMRE (Department of Mineral resources and Energy), MCSA (Mineral Council of South Africa), mines employees. The findings revealed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between mining employee engagement and perceived advantages of open strategy (p<0.01), stakeholders' and workers' perspectives on open strategy, and how it may create transparency among them. Perceptions of open strategy have a significant association with the mining industry's ability for economic growth and job creation, as well as its relevance in ensuring organizational continuity. Many mines are ‘spreadsheet’ wealth driven. Most of which started with a plan and then been drawn into operational minutiae for the drive of self-sustaining operations-driven cash flow and losing sight of the strategic imperatives, with no or little reference to employee insights let alone anyone outside the organization. The open strategy calls on and seeks outside influence. Conclusively, this study gave relevant evidence that the mining industry should adopt an open strategy to increase worker participation, success, and economic growth while reducing false assumptions.
Digital Transformation and Customer Satisfaction: Lessons from Standard Chartered Bank of Zimbabwe
Authors: Hokonya Sham
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to unveil the relationship between digital transformation and customer satisfaction with Standard Chartered Bank Zimbabwe as the case study. The study employed qualitative research design, using semi structured interviews with customers, staff, and management of Standard Chartered Bank of Zimbabwe. To unearth the key themes and trends between digital transformation and customer satisfaction thematic analysis was applied. The findings clearly indicated that Standard Chartered Bank of Zimbabwe implemented well their digital transformation journey to the satisfaction of their customers and employees. The research found that simplified digital transformation that makes the transacting customers get convenience has far reaching implications such as customer loyalty, retention, lifetime value while transacting more. Employee engagement, retention and brand reputation are increased as employees move away from routine processes daily. The research concluded that for companies that need to increase their customer satisfaction digital transformation should be one of the key pillars to company`s broad strategy and continuous improvement should be the order of the day. The study recommendations set the tone for other banks that would want to initiate digital transformation while contributing to the body of knowledge on digital transformation and customer satisfaction.
Line segment detection algorithm in image extraction improvement study
Authors: Ren Yuemei , Li Lei
Published: February 2024

In recent years, image processing technology has been developing and maturing, but due to the influence of many interfering factors in the acquisition process, there is a large amount of redundant information in the images obtained. The line segment detection algorithm in image extraction needs to be improved. This study utilizes computer technology to improve the line segment detection technology, and designs a line segment detection algorithm based on the linear detection improvement. Firstly, based on the basic principle of straight line detection algorithm, for the problems of line segment breakage and missing in straight line detection, RGB three-channel grayscale map is applied to detect line segments. Then the detected line segments are connected, merged and deleted. The test results show that the line segment detection algorithm improved based on straight line detection has the highest accuracy rate of 94.50 %, and the average processing time per image is also the lowest at 0.2 s. The algorithm runs faster at 0.25 s and has a higher F-value. It is able to detect the boundaries of a variety of rectangular targets, using the improved line segment detection algorithm has a wide range of applicability, lower error rate, and strong anti-interference ability. The improved line segment detection algorithm has a greater advantage in rectangular target extraction for document, text and book type images.
The Digital Paradox when Future and Tradition Co-Exist Contemporary Fashion with Augmented Reality
Authors: Gondoputranto Olivia , Raharja Gede , Ratna Tjok , Pebryani Nyoman
Published: February 2024

Nowadays fashion world has undergone significant transformations in the digital era, with technology playing a crucial role in various aspects. The digital era has transformed the fashion industry by redefining how fashion is produced, marketed, and consumed. Technology has opened up new opportunities for creativity and innovation within the fashion landscape. This research explores the intersection of digital technology and traditional fashion by examining the paradoxical coexistence of the future and tradition in the realm of contemporary fashion, specifically through the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) experiences. The importance of this study lies in understanding how fashion, as a reflection of culture, adapts and evolves in the digital era while still preserving its historical and cultural significance. By addressing this paradox, the research aims to shed light on the potential solutions and implications for the fashion industry. The primary problem addressed in this work is the tension between embracing technological advancements and maintaining the authenticity and heritage associated with fashion. Through a Qualitative approach, including observation, interviews and literature studies, the methodology aims to investigate the various ways in which AR is currently being integrated into fashion. The results of this study provide insights into the benefits and challenges of incorporating AR in fashion, including enhanced consumer engagement, personalized experiences, and increased value. By examining the coexistence of future and tradition, this study aims to bridge the gap between technological advancements and the preservation of cultural heritage in the dynamic landscape of fashion.
The motif of the way in the work of the poets of Finland in the 20th century
Authors:   Institute for Language, Literature and History of Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Soini Helena
Published: February 2024

The path motif is one of the major dominants in the works of prominent 20thcentury poetsof Finland, both Finnish and Swedishnative speakers. Understanding life as a road is what Eino Leino shares in common with Uuno Kailas, Paavo Haavikko, Risto Ahti, Heli Laaksonen, Edith Södergran, and Ralf Nordgren. Their position coincides with the creative concepts of Alexander Blok and the ideas of pilgrimage in European literature and in Kalevalian poetry. 20th-century Finnish poetry falls into all- European line. But in Finnish poetry, the path motif has existed since the epic songs: Lemminkäinen’s escape, folklore heroes’ journey in search of a bride, and Kalevalians’ quest to recover the Sampo. Furthermore, travelers’ purposes ranged from noble and holy to everyday and mundane. In the early 20th century, Finnish neo-Romanticists, referring to the history of national culture, travelled frequently to Finnish and Russian Karelia. Since the 1920s, poets have been referring to the road image as the “holy road of calling” (Uuno Kailas) a singer has no right to turn away from. In post-World War II poetry, moving in a circle or “back and forth” (Risto Ahti) is, in any case, moving forward. The important thing is not to get stranded, not to run into a wall. The path dominant becomes deeply intertwined with the image of a home, as the path motif does with the image of time, life cycle, and biography. A real, geographical, biographical, and spiritual path become one, and on that path high is combined with low or even vile. In modern Finnish poetry, the path theme found a new life with different, sometimes not matching nuances, while still remaining relevant and arguably primary.
Instalações dos Parques Infantis do município de Marília/SP
Authors: Conceição Aline Novaes , Celeste Filho Macioniro
Published: February 2024

Apresentam-se, neste artigo, resultados obtidos a partir de pesquisa de Doutorado em Educação, cujo objetivo consiste em reconstituir elementos relacionados com a instalação dos sete Parques Infantis instalados no município de Marília/SP, no período de 1937 a 1978, respectivamente, ano da instalação do primeiro Parque Infantil da cidade e da alteração da denominação de Parques Infantis para Escolas Municipais de Educação Infantil. A pesquisa foi realizada mediante abordagem histórica, centrada em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a partir dos procedimentos de localização, identificação, recuperação, reunião, sistematização, seleção, análise e interpretação das seguintes fontes: números de jornais marilienses, legislações, placas, fotografias e documentos contidos nas Escolas Municipais de Educação Infantil em que funcionaram os Parques Infantis. Dentre os resultados, foi possível compreender que as instalações dessas instituições eram necessidades das famílias e instrumento de campanha política dos prefeitos, estando diretamente relacionadas com a exposição e visibilidade positiva.