bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПЕР. СТ.: РИФФЕР Ф. СОЗНАНИЕ: ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ ФИЛОСОФИИ ПРОЦЕССА И ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО СТРУКТУРАЛИЗМА - КРИТИЧЕСКОЕ СРАВНЕНИЕ И НЕКОТОРЫЕ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ
Authors: Tsibizova Irina
Published: December 2022

A selective translation of the article by the Austrian philosopher, theologian, psychologist and teacher from the Department of Pedagogical Sciences of the University of Salzburg F. Riffer seems appropriate, since it highlights the modern philosophical debates about the phenomenon of consciousness based on D. Chalmers' distinction between its easy and difficult problems. A.N. Whitehead's philosophy of the process provides a promising basis for solving a difficult problem in connection with the rootedness of the concept of consciousness in metaphysical theory. Whitehead's reflection is compared with the results of empirical studies of the phenomena of consciousness of J. Piaget. If they partially coincide, the position of the former seems to be more reasonable. This corresponds to W.E. Seeger's suggestion to pay more attention to processalism or the concept of a philosophical process. Whitehead's point of view on learning, consciousness and artificial intelligence is considered.
РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА КН.: КРИСТЕВА Ю., СОЛЛЕРС Ф. БРАК КАК ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЕ ИСКУССТВА (ПЕР. С ФР. Н.В. БАЛАНДИНОЙ)
Authors: Khlebnikov Georgii
Published: December 2022

This book, published in the series «Figures of Philosophy», consists of joint interviews of two more than outstanding personalities of our time, French intellectuals who united the philosophical elite of France of the 1960s - 1970s around the magazine «Tel Kel». The marriage of Yu. Kristeva and F.Sollers, recorded at the Paris City Hall on August 2, 1967 and continuing to this day, is in itself a phenomenon that they fearlessly analyze in their dialogues and discussions on the pages of this book.
Challenges faced by anesthesiologists during the cesarean section of COVID-19 patients – An observational study
Authors: Lakhanapal Mahima , Kumar Ritesh , Amit Kumar  , Isha Yadav
Published: December 2022

Background: The health-care system has encountered exceptional circumstances, experiencing unique challenges, and manifesting as acute challenges in health-care services due to the spread of COVID-19.
Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to report the difficulties faced by the anesthetists while performing a cesarean section under the subarachnoid block (SAB) in COVID-19 patients at a dedicated COVID Level 3 hospital.
Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy anesthetists (six consultants and 14 postgraduate) aged 20–40 years performed 60 elective or emergency cesarean sections of known COVID-19-positive gravida patients aged 20–35 years with no comorbidity and no spine abnormality under the SAB. Anesthetist;s responses to the challenges faced while performing procedures wearing the Level 3 personal protective equipment were recorded using a pre-structure self-administered questionnaire. To quantify the intensity of these problems, all the physical and psychological difficulties were graded as mild, moderate, and severe.
Results: In the present study, 75% experienced moderate-to-severe sweating, and 60% experienced moderate-to-severe headaches. A total of 45% experienced moderate-to-severe breathlessness. Though there was little difficulty in communication among doctors and staff, almost 75% of anesthetists faced it. The fear of contracting the disease and spreading it to the family members was expressed by 75–80% of anesthetists.
Conclusion: The present scenario has increased physical stress and other psychological problems among health workers. Therefore, hospital support with regular psychological counseling sessions is needed for healthcare workers to cope with the current situation.
Serum neuron-specific enolase as a biomarker in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kandasamy Sangeetha , Krishnan Babu , Shivkumar Gopalakrishnan  , Ganesan Harissh
Published: December 2022

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy remains asymptomatic until the late stages. Hence, a need exists for a reliable and sensitive biomarker for the early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) reliability as a biomarker in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Materials and Methods: In the department of biochemistry and internal medicine, a cross-sectional study was conducted at Government Villupuram Medical College from May 2018 to January 2020. One hundred diabetes patients with peripheral neuropathy were compared with 100 patients without peripheral neuropathy. A diabetic neuropathy symptom (DNS) questionnaire and diabetic neuropathy examination (DNE) score were used for diagnosis. In addition, vibration position sense and NSE values were compared between the two groups. For statistical analysis, R studio and coGuide were used.
Results: Comparisons between groups were based on age, sex, and other baseline parameters. Statistically, significance was observed between the two groups in outcome parameters such as VPB (right), VPB (left), and DNS (P<0.05). There was a weak positive correlation between NSE and DNS (rs value: 0.514, P<0.001). On the other hand, there was a strong positive correlation between NSE and DNE (rs value: 0.937, P<0.001). The NSE of 6.50 and above had a sensitivity of 53% (95%CI 42.76–63.06%) and specificity of 57% (95% CI 46.71–66.86%).
Conclusion: NSE acts as a biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, NSE can be used for the early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, thereby preventing a severe form of the disease.
Assessment of right atrial function in inferior wall AMI
Authors: Abhijit Das  , Lipika Adhikari  , Sandip Sarkar
Published: December 2022

Background: Approximately 30–50% of patients with inferior infarction have some involvement of the right ventricle. The right ventricular (RV) infarction almost invariably develops in association with a large infarction of the adjacent septum and inferior 0 walls, but isolated infarction of the right ventricle is seen in just 3–5% of autopsy-proven cases of MI. This study is designed to assess the right atrial (RA) functions in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (IWMI) echocardiographically and to compare it with patients who do not have history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) but having risk factors for IHD. 
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study the patients presenting with Inferior wall MI IWMI for RA function.
Materials and Methods: Patients admitted in the Cardiology ward of R G Kar Medical College and Hospital with IWMI from March 2020 to March 2022 were included in the study.
Results: Average Measurement of RA volume index (RAVI) and RA Pressure (RAP) was highest among patients with IWMI+RV myocardial infarction (RVMI). Out of 100 IWMI patients, 33 had high RAVI and RAP and out of 100 non-IHD patients none had high RAVI.
Conclusion: In our study, there was no statistically significant difference in average RAVI and RAP in patients presenting with IWMI and in patients with risk factors for myocardial infarction but without AMI. However, patients presented with IWMI+RVMI showed statistically significant increased RAVI and RAP as compared to inferior wall AMI only.
A study to observe the association of pupil-to-limbus diameter ratio with blood pressure and pulse rate in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Yuvraj Subramani Sagadevan  , Shyma Parapurath  , Goothy Sai Sailesh kumar , Anita Choudhary  , Rohit Singh Chouhan
Published: December 2022

Background: Understanding the autonomic activity in the early hand helps to begin with effective treatment for the benefit of the individual with type 2 diabetes.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to observe the association of pupil-to-limbus diameter ratio with blood pressure and pulse rate in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 participants with type 2 diabetes were part of the study after obtaining written, voluntary, and informed consent. Recording of the pupil-to-limbus diameter (PLD) ratio was performed using two box method which is a standard method mentioned in the literature. Blood pressure and pulse rate were used using a diamond digital sphygmomanometer (BPDG024).
Results: There was a significant (P<0.00001) positive correlation between the PLD ratio of the right eye and pulse rate. There was a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation between the PLD ratio of the right eye and systolic blood pressure (SBP). There was a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation between the PLD ratio of the right eye and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). There was a significant (P<0.00001) positive correlation between the PLD ratio of the left eye and pulse rate. There was a significant (P=0.000076) negative correlation between the PLD ratio of the left eye and SBP. There was a significant (P=0.000458) negative correlation between the PLD ratio of the left eye and DBP.
Conclusion: The study results revealed a significant positive correlation between the PLD ratio of the right and left eye with the pulse rate. There was a significant negative correlation between the PLD ratio of the right and left eye with both systolic and DBP.
Ocular manifestations in HIV patients and its correlation with CD4 count before and after starting HAART
Authors: Shraddha More  , Prashant More  , Dhiraj Badale
Published: December 2022

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are a global pandemic, with cases reported from practically every country. The majority of information and studies regarding ophthalmic manifestations in India reflects the pre-HAART (highly active anti-retroviral therapy) era. India may be going through an intermediate stage, where the spectrum of the ophthalmological manifestations may be changing significantly.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study the age and gender distribution in HIV patients presenting with various ocular manifestation and to correlate the cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count with various ocular manifestation of AIDS.
Materials and Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients. Ocular manifestations and WHO clinical stage of HIV were noted and CD4 count was calculated. The participants were followed up for at least 6 months on monthly basis when they come to take ART tables or as required for any ophthalmic disorder presented by patient. Any manifestation during this months was included in post HAART group. CD4 count after 6 months was taken into account in post HAART group.
Results: Males predominated females. The number of males in Pre HAART was 60.8% and post-HAART 59.4%. Mean CD4 count in pre-HAART was 140.63 and post-HAART was 221.93. Majority (34 patients) in pre-HAART had CD4 count between 100 and 150, while in post-HAART, majority had count more than 200 (57 patients).
Conclusion: Mean CD4 count of pre-HAART group patients raised significantly. Mean CD4 count of pre-HAART group is 140.63 with SD of 63.4, while it increased in post-HAART group to 222 which is statistically highly significant.
Effectiveness of 8 weeks of vestibular exercises on stress, sleep, and cognitive parameters in hypertensive patients
Authors: Yuvaraj Subramani Sagadevan  , Shyma Parapurath  , Anurag Kesarwani  , Goothy Sai Sailesh kumar , Anita Choudhary  , Rohit Singh Chouhan  , Potey Gajanan Govind  , Prateek Prabhaker Awasthi
Published: December 2022

Background: It was hypothesized that vestibular stimulation causes beneficial effects in hypertensive patients as so as in diabetic individuals.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to observe the effectiveness of 8 weeks of vestibular exercises on stress, sleep, and cognitive parameters in hypertensive patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of eighty male and female stage 1 hypertensive individuals were part of the study after obtaining voluntary, written informed consent. Vestibular exercises comprising three steps with a time period of 45 min per session were administered to the participants of the intervention group. Two sessions per week were administered as mentioned in the literature. Stress levels were assessed by the perceived stress scale. Sleep was assessed by the insomnia severity index. A spatial and verbal memory test was used to assess the spatial and verbal memory scores.
Results: There was no significant difference in the demographical parameters of the control and intervention groups. There is no significant difference in stress, sleep scores, and spatial and verbal memory scores among the control and intervention groups. There was a significant decrease in the stress scores and insomnia scores, and a significant improvement in the spatial and verbal memory scores in the intervention group after the intervention when compared with the control group.
Conclusion: The present study results suggest that vestibular exercises have a positive impact on reducing stress and improving sleep and cognition in hypertensive individuals. The study highlights the need for further detailed studies in this area to recommend the inclusion of vestibular exercises as adjunctive therapy in the management of hypertension.
A comparative study on psychological distress and associated factors among mothers of severely acute malnourished children belonging to urban and rural area of Central India
Authors: Yadav Shobhana , Shukla Yogesh
Published: December 2022

Background: Psychological distress commonly presents as comorbidities but is often unrecognized in clinical practice or undertreated as comorbidities in mothers of severe malnourished children. There is wide difference in psychological distress and associated factors among rural and urban area.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of study was to compare the psychological distress and associated factors among the mothers of severely acute malnourished children belonging to urban or rural areas.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on total 450 mothers of severely acute malnourished children admitted in nutritional rehabilitation centers (NRCs) of the central India from April 2019 to July 2020 using General Health Questionnaire.
Results: Out of total 450 mothers, 94.7% (426) of mothers shown normal psychological state whereas 24 (5.3%) mothers shown probable case of psychological distress. Among the study participants, mean age of the mothers was found 23.54 years (SD 2.43). Majority of mother 311 (69.1%) belongs to rural area followed by 139 (30.9%) from urban area. Majority of the mothers 231 (51.3%) were from Scheduled Tribe caste followed by 123 (27.3%) other Backward Class caste. Majority of the mothers 404 (89.8%) were unemployed in our study.
Conclusions: In the rural locality caste of the mother, primary caretaker of the child and money spent at health facility were the significant risk factors for the psychological distress among the rural mothers while in urban locality, wages loss during stay period at NRC and comorbidity present in the child were the significant risk factors for the psychological distress.
A comparative study of laparoscopic versus open ventral hernia repair
Authors: Shyam Kishor Gupta  , Albail Singh Yadav  , Rajeev Sinha
Published: December 2022

Background: The use of laparoscope in the treatment of abdominal wall hernia repair was first reported in 1993 by LeBlanc and William. But with the passage of time and gaining of expertise, LVHR is now being perform more often but it is still not the gold standard of management. Today the proven advantage laparoscopic ventral hernia repair, open ventral hernia repair is less intraoperative blood loss, shorter hospital stays and early return to normal activity. We tried to compare laparoscopic ventral hernia repair versus open ventral hernia repair in primary ventral hernia.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) and open ventral hernia repair with respect to the operating time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative enterotomy, post-operative complications, hospital stay, and return to normal activity. Retrospective cum prospective study.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective cum prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center teaching hospital, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi between January 2020 and June 2021. All consented patients after matching for age, sex, and type of ventral hernia, were allocated to either two groups: Groups A open ventral hernia repair (OVHR) 25 case versus Group B (Laparoscopic ventral hernia) repair 25 case.
Results: In our study intraoperative blood loss, post-operative complication, hospital stay, return to normal activity was less in LVHR as compared to OVHR. Operating time was found to be non-significant between two groups and occurrence of inadvertent enterotomy although more in LVHR, was still insignificantly different.
Conclusion: The findings of present study demonstrate that LVHR was safe and better when compared with OVHR.
लङ्गडाको साथी उपन्यासमा क्षण
Authors: सिलवाल हरिप्रसाद
Published: December 2022

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेख उपन्यासकार लैनसिंह बाङदेलद्वारा रचिएको लङ्गडाको साथी उपन्यासमा व्यक्त समाजशास्त्रीय पक्षहरूको विश्लेषणमा आधारित रहेको छ । यसनिम्ति पश्चिमी विद्वान् हिप्पोलाइट तेनको साहित्यको समाजशास्त्रीय सिद्धान्तको उपयोग गरिएको छ । यसमा लङ्गडाको साथी उपन्यासमा प्रयुक्त क्षणगत अनुभूतिको अभिव्यञ्जनालाई शोध समस्याका रूपमा लिइएको छ । क्षणका मान्यता साहित्यको समाजशास्त्रीय सिद्धान्तअन्तर्गत रहेको एक महत्त्वपूर्ण पक्ष हो । लङ्गडाको साथी उपन्यासमा क्षणको अभिव्यक्ति के कसरी प्रकट भएको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक समस्याको निरूपण गर्नु प्रस्तुत आलेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान तथा विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको यस लेखमा पुस्तकालयीय स्रोतअन्तर्गत रही लङ्गडाको साथी उपन्यासलाई प्राथमिक साम्रगी र सम्बद्ध रहेका अन्य सामग्रीलाई द्वितीयक सामग्रीका रूपमा प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत आलेखमा उक्त उपन्यासमा निहित क्षणको निक्र्योल गरिएको छ । यस आलेखमा सामाजिक यथार्थका सापेक्षतामा तत्कालीन समाजमा मानवीय सद्भाव र युगचेतना ह्रासोन्मुख एवं कमजोर बनेको औपन्यासिक अभिव्यञ्जना लङ्गडाको साथी उपन्यासमा प्रकट भएको मूल प्राप्ति प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Thakur Jitendra , Thakur Ranjana , Bhatta Nisha Keshary , Yadav Shankar Prasad , Khanal Basudha , Bhattarai Narayan Raj
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition are important causes of morbidity and mortality in children in the developing world. This study was done to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in severe acute malnutrition (SAM) cases and to observe different presentations of SAM.
Method: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine at a tertiary care center in Nepal for a duration of one year from December 2018 to November 2019. All cases of SAM meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated with Mantoux test, chest X-ray, gastric aspirate / sputum analysis and gene-Xpert for diagnosis of TB. Other relevant investigations for diagnosis of TB were also sent as per the clinical scenario. Data were entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of data.
Results: Total 107 SAM cases were analyzed. The hospital prevalence of wasting and severe wasting was 11.98% and 0.73% respectively. The prevalence of TB in SAM was 4.67%, commonest being pulmonary TB (60%). Among TB cases, 40% were without any systemic complaints. Only 19.6% cases presented with nutritional complaint.
Conclusions: This study found that a significant percentage of cases with SAM had TB and hence adds on the importance of screening for TB (Pulmonary TB) in every case of SAM, irrespective of symptoms.
DEPRECIATION OF FIXED ASSETS AND ITS MAIN ELEMENTS
Authors: Chaikovskaya Lyubov , Kozhukhov Vladimir
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Depreciation of fixed assets constitutes an important financial process in any organization. In modern economic conditions, an important goal of the activities of organizations is related to increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of business. To this end, accounting system in organizations should function effectively. The aim of the paper is to study the concept of "depreciation", as well as various aspects of the formation of depreciation policy, the classification of approaches to its formation and relevance in accordance with applicable standards. Methods. The theoretical basis of the study was based on general scientific methods of cognition such as analysis, synthesis and method of comparison. Results. One of the most complex concepts in accounting, the concept of "depreciation", has been studied. Existing views and approaches to the reflection of depreciation in accounting and reporting are disclosed. Conclusions. The efficiency of organizations, as a rule, is determined by its production potential, a significant share of which is fixed assets. Therefore, the organization of accounting for fixed assets can be identified as the primary task of an organization. At the same time, a significant role is assigned to the depreciation policy, since the methods of calculating depreciation and the correctness of its reflection present the foundation of sustainable financial potential.
FEATURES OF PEDAGOGICAL CONTROL IN THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM OF STUDENTS
Authors: Sabirov O.
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the importance of pedagogical control in the system of physical education. Ways to improve physical education based on the development of express methods of control as a necessary condition for operational management of the educational process of physical education of students, aimed at increasing the efficiency of this process and improving the health of students, have been identified. It has been established that this problem reflects the objective need of society for planned, systematic and purposeful physical training of younger generations for practical life activities.

The contingent of students in institutions of higher education is so diverse that the physical education program includes several departments with different tasks. There are students with very limited physical abilities and athletes of the highest international class.

The difficulty of management in physical education is that we try to influence the self-governing system. Due to individual and temporal variations of the human condition, we do not always get the same reaction in response to the same influence, the same training load can cause a different training effect. It is possible to ensure the development of the process in a certain appropriate direction only by correcting the initial actions - control of the urgent training effect.

Therefore, the development of methods of urgent pedagogical control is an urgent task of both physical culture and the entire modern pedagogy.

The problem of scientific improvement of the educational process is acute in all educational departments. At the current stage, unfortunately, a quarter of all first- and second-year students cannot withstand normal physical exertion during preparation for passing program standards according to the curriculum of higher education institutions.
Technical training of cheerleaders in sections of a sports club
Authors: Kolomeitseva O. M. , Shapar K. O. , Dovgopol E.P.
Published: December 2022

In the article "Technical training of cheerleaders in sections of a sports club" the issues of theory and practice of technical training of cheerleaders in sections of a sports club are considered.

Cheerleading refers to sports where technique is the basis the art of movement. Because it combines elements of such sports as gymnastics, acrobatics, sports and other dances - and all this technique is aimed at expressiveness, beauty and precision of movements.

Technical training is the level of mastery of the cheerleading movement system by athletes. It cannot be considered in isolation, but should be imagined as a component of a single whole, in which technical solutions are closely related to the physical and mental capabilities of the athlete [4, 14, 15 etc.]. In cheerleading, technical readiness is determined by the level of mastering technical techniques (complexity) and the beauty of movements, their expressiveness and accuracy, since these characteristics determine the level of sports results [15, 20, etc.].

A high level of technical preparation is called technical mastery (TM) [15, etc.]; its criteria are: volume of technique - the total number of technical techniques flawlessly performed by athletes in a certain time; variety of technique - breadth of variety of technical methods [4, 14]. These indicators of technical skill are especially significant in cheerleading, since this sport has a large arsenal of technical processes.

The goal of the group of teachers was to investigate the influence of the method of teaching the discipline of cheerleading, in the conditions of a sports club, on the physical development of athletes, the development of their strength abilities, speed of reaction and general strengthening of health and their technical training.
Model of health-saving competence formation for high school girls during aqua aerobic classes
Authors: Shnyt I.S. , Belikova N.O.
Published: December 2022

One of the effective methods of improving human health is physical exercise of an aerobic nature, among which aqua aerobics takes the leading place. In the article, the scientific justification of the model of the health-saving competence formation of high school girls during aqua aerobics classes is carried out. The presented model is introduced on the basis of certain scientific approaches (axiological, humanistic, person-oriented, action and system methods); scientific principles (scientificity; systematicity and consistency; consciousness and activity; strength of knowledge, abilities, and skills; individualization; purposefulness; harmonious development; "success-breeds-success"); structure of health-saving competence (value-motivational, cognitive, behavioral activation, and individual components), as well as pedagogical conditions (formation of sustainable motivation of high school girls to lead a healthy lifestyle, which is based on a valuable attitude to health; promotion of education regarding saving and strengthening health, leading a healthy lifestyle; organization of a health-saving educational environment for acquiring skills and consolidating practices that contributes to the physical, social, mental, and spiritual health of high school girls; the development of personal qualities that encourage health-saving activities and the desire to improve the level of health of oneself and others). The proposed model helps purposefully to organize the process of forming the health- saving competence of high school girls during aqua aerobic classes and contributes to quality monitoring of the level of its formation.
Hemorragia materno-fetal posterior a amniocentesis y cordocentesis
Authors: Rondón-Tapía Martha , Torres-Cepeda Duly , Mejia-Montilla Jorly , Reyna-Villasmil Nadia , Fernández-Ramírez Andreina , La Rotta-Nuñez Elisabeth , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: December 2022

Objetivo. Comparar la frecuencia y cantidad de hemorragia materno-fetal posterior a la amniocentesis y cordocentesis. Diseño. Estudio de casos y controles. Métodos. Gestantes con embarazos simples sin anomalías fetales sometidas a amniocentesis para determinación del cariotipo fetal (16 a 20 semanas de gestación) o cordocentesis (20 a 30 semanas de embarazo) en el periodo de enero de 2017 a mayo de 2022. Principales medidas de estudio. Características generales del procedimiento, resultados de la prueba de Kleihauer-Brown-Betke y concentraciones séricas de alfafetoproteína materna. Resultados. La muestra del estudio fue de 305 pacientes. La amniocentesis se realizó en 165 mujeres y la cordocentesis en 140 casos. La hemorragia materno-fetal de novo se observó en 8 pacientes (4,8%) después de la amniocentesis y en 41 pacientes (29,3%) después de la cordocentesis. Las concentraciones de alfafetoproteína sérica aumentaron en 24 casos (14,5%) después de la amniocentesis y en 55 casos (39,3%) después de la cordocentesis (p < 0,05). Luego de la cordocentesis se observó mayor volumen promedio de hemorragia materno-fetal, elevación de valores individuales de volumen e incrementos significativos en la hemorragia materno-fetal severa (más de 5 mL de eritrocitos fetales) y de pérdida del volumen sanguíneo fetoplacentario total (p < 0,05). Conclusión. Estos resultados muestran que tanto la amniocentesis como la cordocentesis aumentan el riesgo de hemorragia materno-fetal. Sin embargo, la amniocentesis guiada por ecografía tiene menor riesgo de producir hemorragia y la isoinmunización Rh resultante, comparada con la cordocentesis
¿Cómo estamos en la reducción de la muerte fetal prevenible al 2030?
Authors: Avila Vargas-Machuca Jeannette Giselle , Zapata Herrera Alberto Santiago
Published: December 2022

Señor Editor.

La muerte fetal (MF) es la defunción del producto de la concepción con 22 semanas de gestación o más (1) y puede ocurrir antes del parto o durante el parto (intraparto). Estimaciones realizadas por el United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) calculan que en el 2019 nacieron 2 millones de bebes muertos mundialmente, es decir, 16 MF ocurrieron cada segundo. El 40% se produjeron en el intraparto y la mayoría pudieron prevenirse con control prenatal de calidad y atención adecuada del parto. Para Perú, se estima una tasa de mortalidad fetal (TMF) de 7,1 por cada 1,000 nacimientos con 4,080 MF de 28 a más semanas de gestación, ubicando al país en el tercio inferior de mortalidad fetal con respecto a otros países latinoamericanos (2) (tabla 1).
THE MADINAH CHARTER IN LIGHT OF A MODERN CONSTITUTION
Authors: Ishak Badruzzaman , Shamrahayu Binti Ab Aziz
Published: December 2022

The impetus for writing this article came from the notion of Muhammad Hamidullah, a renowned twentieth-century Islamic scholar. He has described the Madinah Charter as the world's first written constitution. As the modern constitutions contain certain fundamental features embedded within them, such as the separation of powers, the rule of law, which includes the fundamental rights and liberties of the people, supremacy of the constitution, and custom of the country, this article examines the objectives and fundamental features of the Madinah Charter. The research methodology adopted in this article is a doctrinal analysis by referring to the Madinah Charter as discussed in the book by Hamidullah, The Prophet's Establishing A State And His Succession. From the objectives and fundamental features of the Madinah Charter, the article extracts some similarities between the objectives and fundamental features embedded in a modern constitution. This brings out the argument of whether the Madinah Charter can be recognised as the world's first written constitution despite not being categorised as a modern constitution.
ISLAMIC BANKING DISPUTE RESOLUTION: THE EXPERIENCE OF MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA
Authors: Rusni Hassan  , Ibtisam @ Ilyana Ilias  , Tuan Nur Hanis Tuan Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

The dispute resolution mechanism in a country involving Islamic banking depends on its applicable law.  A workable mechanism guarantees a harmonious settlement and ensures justice is upheld in conjunction with the spirit of Islamic law.  This study aims to analyse various mechanisms to resolve Islamic banking disputes in Malaysia and Indonesia by referring to the latest legal and judicial developments in both jurisdictions.  It adopts doctrinal and comparative legal research methodology whereby the relevant primary and secondary sources of law were meticulously appraised.  Findings of this study reveal that both countries have their own unique way of dealing with Islamic banking and finance cases.  In Malaysia, the jurisdiction is vested in civil courts with mandatory reference to the SAC in deciding Shari’ah issues.  Regarding Indonesia, Article 55 (1) of Law No. 21 (2008) provides that a Religious Court shall have jurisdiction to hear matters involving Islamic banking disputes, unless there is an agreement stating that the dispute resolution should be done in another manner, provided the chosen manner does not contradict with Shari’ah principles.  There is also an option to refer to the Dewan Shari’ah Nasional Majlis Ulama Indonesia for expert opinions.  Both jurisdictions also acknowledge alternative dispute resolution as a mechanism for dispute settlement.  This study emphasises the need to enhance the knowledge and in-depth understanding of judges in the relevant field of law; Shari’ah law for civil court judges and civil law for religious court judges, to facilitate the dispute resolution process.
ISLAMIC CAPITAL MARKET IN MALDIVES: A REFORM-ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Authors: Mohamed Shujau  , Rusni Hassan  , Syarah Syahira Mohd Yusoff  , Aishath Muneeza
Published: December 2022

This study analyses legal and regulatory framework of Islamic capital market (ICM) in the Maldives to find out the legal reform required to further develop ICM in the country. The regulatory authority for ICM in the Maldives is the Capital Market Development Authority which has set up an apex Shari’ah Advisory Council to seek advice on Shari’ah related matters and has enacted the regulations required for ICM. This study adopts doctrinal legal research and qualitative study using the content analysis approach. It is imperative to note that only limited research has been found on the subject and as such, it is anticipated that findings of this research will assist the policymakers to understand the legal reform required to further strengthen ICM in the Maldives. Findings of this study reveal that there is a need to amend the Securities Act (2006) to recognize Shari’ah Advisory Council for capital markets as a statutory body. The findings suggest the Shari’ah Advisory Council to make their decision binding, and the regulations enacted for ICM need to be amended considering the existing hiccups and challenges faced.
AN ASSESSMENT OF ENFORCEABILITY OF FOREIGN JUDGMENTS AND SPV INCORPORATION IN SUKUK WITH A SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO SAUDI ARABIA, UAE, AND BAHRAIN
Authors: Mohammed Imad Ali  , Aznan Hasan  , Ashurov Sharofiddin
Published: December 2022

In both Islamic and conventional finance, SPVs (Special Purpose Vehicles) are a crucial part of securitisation. In an Islamic mode of securitisation, the SPV is accountable to facilitate the management of Sukuk, holding the title of the underlying asset, serving as a bankruptcy remote, and facilitating the cash flow for the investors. While Sukuk agreements are primarily regulated by English law, Sukuk's Shari’ah framework and underlying contract are governed under the jurisdiction of the local laws where Sukuk assets are located. Given this background, the study aims to examine the enforceability of foreign judgements and SPV framework of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and UAE, and afterward qualitatively analyse to determine the best practices from jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Malaysia, the Cayman Islands, and Turkey which can be incorporated in the selected jurisdictions. In this essence, secondary data is obtained from multiple resources such as Sukuk laws and regulations as well as articles, books, websites, and academic writings. These materials are then compared and analysed using the content analysis method. Thus, the regulations with respect to SPV incorporation and enforceability of foreign judgment will be examined as the analysis of these aspects will assist the Islamic finance community to reform their SPV framework in ways that explicitly and efficiently ensure transparency and inclusively disclose the scope of the role and status of all parties involved in an SPV formation.
FINANCIAL ABUSE IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: HOW CAN ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PLAY THEIR ROLE?
Authors: Syarah Syahira Mohd Yusoff  , Salina Kassim  , Farah Farhana Jauhari  , Ieman Huda Adnan
Published: December 2022

While domestic violence in a marriage is commonly associated with physical and mental abuse, there has been an increasing number of cases involving financial abuse in the form of financial control, financial deprivation, sabotage, and exploitation of the spouse’s financial resources. This study aims to conceptualise financial abuse from the Domestic Violence Act 1994 perspective. The study explores the role of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in overcoming this issue and providing several recommendations to help the abused women from financial perspective. This study examines relevant laws, policy and regulations in Malaysia that may provide some sort of financial protection to those women. A critical analysis of the laws and policy is important as a starting point in protecting women who are facing this financial difficulty. Based on the research conducted, it is believed that IFIs can play an effective role in assisting financially abused victims. This study is only limited to the Malaysian domestic violence situation but can be further extended through a more comprehensive empirical legal research. Findings of this study could serve as a guide for policymakers, Shari’ah Court, and related government agencies (such as the Department of Social Welfare Malaysia) as well as the IFIs to assist women who are affected by financial abuse.
АНАЛІЗ НАПРЯМКІВ УТИЛІЗАЦІЇ ГУМОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ
Authors: Орфанова Марія Михайлівна , Яцишин Теодозія Михайлівна , Бондарчук Тетяна Андріївна
Published: December 2022

Продукция виробництва технических виробів широко використовуориться в усіх галузях народного господарства. У процесі виробництва утворюються невулканізовані та вулканізовані гумові отходы, частина з яких повертаться назад у виробничий процес для виробництва товарів широкого вжитку. Також у процесі эксплуатації гумові вироби втрачають свої споживчі властивості и переходить у розряд відходів. Для виробництва производственно-технических продуктов используются природный и синтетический каучук и пищевые добавки, используемые для вимагає оптимальных методов подбора утилизирующих продуктов. Аналитика напрягает утилизирующие составы показаний, чтобы при увеличении напряжения их утилизировать необязательно вбирать в себя каучуку и присутст- вие графических добавок. Установлено, для саме шини найбільш масовім отводом, утилизировано яких найбільш практично поширена в Україні. В той же час обсяги их утилізації залишаються низькими. Проблема утилизирования непромисловых устройств помогает улучшить ситуацию с внутренними системами, что связано с существующими положениями реформирования и практическими нормативно-правовыми разработками в законодательных и нормативных правовых актах.
Проведено анализацию методов утилизирования гумовидных отходов, визначений их переваги и недоликов. Проанализовано станцию ​​утилизирования решений в Украине и визначенні ключи проблем.
Результати досліджень свідчать про проблему збору гумових виробів, які втратили свою споживчу властивість. Така ситуація пов'язана с відсутністю дівих механізмів у роздільному зборі відходів. Пропонуться організація стаціонарных пунктов по выбору в населенных пунктах міського типа и пересмотренных пунктов в крупных городах и сільських населенных пунктах.
Perancangan dan Implementası Sımulator Kolımator Sebagaı Medıa Pembelajaran Topık Sınar-X
Authors: Jiwatami Agatha Mahardika Anugrayuning , Effendi Sukma Meganova , Wicaksono Nugroho Budi
Published: December 2022

A collimator simulator which is an accessory in radiology equipment, has been made. This simulator was created as a learning medium to complete students' understanding in studying x-rays as part of electromagnetic waves. The research is divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of simulators and implementation as teaching materials. The collimator simulator is equipped with blades that are used to limit the radiation field area. In this study, collimator lamps were used to see the area of the field. The simulator is equipped with a motor to open and close the radiation window. The results of the implementation to students stated that students agreed that the collimator simulator learning media helped students to better understand the material.

Keywords: learning media, collimator, radiation field area
SINERGISTIC COMBINATION OF ALOE VERA AND KERSEN LEAF EXTRACTS FOR INHIBITION OF THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus 25923
Authors: Sulistyani Nanik , Almahdi Zikri , - Zainab , Syarifuddin Alfian
Published: December 2022

Aloe vera leaf (Aloe vera L.) and cherry leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contain bioactive compounds that serve as the potential antibacterial agent. The combination treatment of multiple extracts can produce a stronger effect than a single compound. This study aims to determine the synergistic combination of aloe vera leaf extract (EDLB) and cherry leaf extract (EDK) as an antibacterial agent against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Chemical content in the extract was analyzed by tube test and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 was measured by the checkerboard microdilution method on a 96 well microplate. The effect of the combination of extracts on antibacterial activity was based on the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) value. EDLB and EDK contain flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. The second combination showed a synergistic effect with a FICI value of 0.5 in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus with minimal inhibitory levels in a mixture of 0.625 mg/mL EDLB and 2.5 mg/mL EDK.
KOMPETENSI PENGGUNAAN MAJAS SINDIRAN DALAM ARTI PERUMPAMAAN PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Yohanna Syaripah Nelly
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan bahasa majas sindiran dan memahami cara menggunakan majas sindiran pada anak remaja milenial khususnya di MTs Uswatun Hasanah. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif yang berfokus pada penggunaan majas sindiran dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia kelas VIII di MTs Uswatun Hasanah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data mengenai penggunaan majas  guru  dalam  proses  belajar  mengajar yakni dengan teknik pengamatan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kompetensi siswa dalam penggunaan majas sindiran dalam arti perumpamaan pada siswa kelas VIII MTs Uswatun Hasanah Sei Pasir Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 berada pada taraf cukup  dengan perolehan nilai yang cukup memuaskan.
KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA JAWA DALAM WACANA KOMUNIKASI KELUARGA
Authors: Febriyanto Dedi , Mahyu Moulia , Mardhotillah Wulan Devitalisa , Salamah Salamah
Published: December 2022

Penggunaan bahasa yang santun dapat menciptakan keharmonisan dalam setiap interaksi komunikasi di tengah kehidupan sosial. Oleh karena itu, penerapan prinsip-prinsip kesantunan berbahasa sangat diperlukan dalam setiap komunikasi yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pematuhan dan pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kesantunan berbahasa Jawa dalam wacana komunikasi keluarga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Data penelitian berwujud tuturan-tuturan dari anggota keluarga dalam kelompok masyarakat yang ada di kelurahan Cahaya Mas kecamatan Mesuji Makmur. Data penelitian yang berwujud tuturan tersebut dikumpulkan melalui teknik simak-rekam-catat. Setelah terkumpul, data dianalisis menggunakan teknik interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pematuhan dan pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kesantunan berbahasa Jawa mewarnai setiap komunikasi  yang dilakukan masyarakat di lingkungan keluarganya. Pematuhan terhadap prinsip kesantunan berbahasa Jawa meliputi, (1) maksim kebijaksanaan, (2) maksim kedermawanan, (3) maksim penghargaan, (4) maksim kesederhanaan, (5) maksim permufakatan, dan (6) maksim kesimpatisan. Adapun pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kesantunan berbahasa meliputi, (1) maksim kebijaksanaan, (2) maksim kesederhanaan, (3) maksim penghargaan, dan (4) maksim . Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa pematuhan terhadap prinsip kesantunan berbahasa Jawa dalam setiap interaksi komunikasi yang dilakukan masyarakat di lingkungan keluarganya lebih mendominasi daripada pelanggarannya.
ANALISIS GENRE DAN REGISTER DALAM UNGGAHAN INSTAGRAM FOTO DAN TAKARIR RIDWAN KAMIL
Authors: Najmatullail Rifka
Published: December 2022

Dalam praktik umum, Genre dan Register digunakan untuk mengupas teks naratif. Takarir atau caption dalam instagram pada umumnya merupakan teks berbentuk naratif.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis teks takarir dalam akun instagram Gubernur jawa Barat Ridwan Kamil.Teori yang digunakan adalah Genre dan Register untuk mengungkap bagaimana peran ideasional, peran intrapersonal, dan peran teks dari bahasa yang digunakan oleh tokoh masyarakat Ridwan Kamil dalam unggahan instagramnya.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif.Data diperoleh menggunakan metode simak catat.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Gubernur Jawa Barat Ridwan Kamil menggunakan takarir dalam unggahan foto dalam akun instagramnya mengandung dua jenis genre teks yaitu genre conditional explanation dangenre strategic plan. Melalui analisis register ditemukan dua jenis register sekaligus yaitu power dan solidarity. Dari penemuan dua jenis tenor inilah penulis menenmukan jawaban dari petanyaan mengapa unggahan akun instagram Ridwan Kamil selalu mendapatkan tanggapan positif dari masyarakat.Ridwan Kamil sebagai pengguna bahasa dan sebagai tokoh masyarakat cerdas dalam menilih kata dan kalimat yang digunakan sehingga pesan atau informasi yang disampaikan dapat diterima dengan baik oleh semua kalangan masyarakat tanpa mereka merasa digurui.
PERCEPTION OF TABOO HUMOR IN INTERCULTURAL ONLINE COMMUNICATION THROUGH SOCIAL MEDAI
Authors: Siboro Meliana , Mono Umar , Perangin-angin Alemina Br.
Published: December 2022

As the pandemic is forcing people to stay at home for a longer period of time, activities and social interactions also moved from physical to digital world. This shift of change revealed the unfavorable nature of Indonesians’ netizen behaviors in the internet, labelled as ‘The rudest netizen’ in Southeast Asia for their ferociousness in online communication. This paper aims to investigate the perception of Indonesian internet users at the use of taboo words used in humor in intercultural online communication. Primary and secondary data were collected by observational method and qualitative descriptive method was used to present the analysis. The finding of this paper suggested that generally, 75% of the audiences on TikTok and YouTube have positive perception toward the usage of taboo words in public setting by taking context awareness, timing and intent into consideration.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PENULISAN KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK MAHASISWA PRODI TARJAMAH
Authors: Suparno Darsita , Thamrin Husni , Ismail Gunawan
Published: December 2022

Tujuan utama penelitian ini menyelidiki keperluan mahasiswa dan dosen terhadap pengembangan bahan ajar menulis karya ilmiah dalam metode penulisan karya ilmiah. Pengajaran metode penulisan karya ilmiah yang berdampak kepada peningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa berbasis pada materi ajar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mahasiswa semester 4 Program Studi Tarjamah UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.  Penelitian dan pengembangan Research and Development (R&D) merupakan metode yang dipilih untuk diterapkan pada studi ini selain itu digunakan juga validasi ahli dan mahasiswa untuk menilai produk dan keefektifan produk. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dipaparkan sebagai berikut: i)mahasiswa dan dosen membutuhkan materi pengembangan bahan ajar menulis karya ilmiah yang sesuai dengan metode penulisan karya ilmiah; ii) skor dengan rentang sangat baik dan layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar merupakan hasil validasi yang dibuat oleh ahli dan mahasiswa; iii) Peningkatan kompetensi mahasiswa dalam menulis karya ilmiah dapat diupayakan melalui pengembangan bahan ajar secara berkala. Fakta ini dapat diamati dari keadaan sebelum proses pengembangan bahan ajar rerata nilai mahasiswa untuk penulisan karya ilmiah berada pada nilai cukup. Peningkatan nilai menjadi skor cukup menjadi baik terjadi setelah tersedia bahan ajar hasil pengembangan dalam studi ini.