bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital economy, industrial structure upgrading and green total factor productivity——Evidence in textile and apparel industry from China
Authors: Zhu Xiangmei , Zhang Bin , Yuan Hui
Published: November 2022

According to the standard of GB/T4754-2017 Classification of National Economic Industry and the characteristics of the textile and apparel industry, the textile and apparel industry is divided into three categories: textile industry, clothing industry and chemical fiber manufacturing industry. Based on the panel data of the textile and apparel industry from 2010 to 2019, this paper measures green total factor productivity (GTFP) by using the unexpected output super efficiency SBM model and the ML index. On this basis, this paper empirically tests the impact of digital economy on the GTFP of textile and apparel industry, and the dual intermediary effects of rationalization of industrial structure and advanced industrial structure are discussed. The results show that: (1) The GTFP of the textile and apparel industry shows a fluctuating upward trend, but it is in a state of low growth. (2) Digital economy has a significant effect on promoting the GTFP. Among them, it has a positive effect on the improvement of GTFP in textile industry, but has no obvious effect on the clothing industry, and has a restraining effect on the chemical fiber manufacturing industry. (3) In the process of the impact of digital economy on GTFP, the rationalization of industrial structure has a partial intermediary effect, and the level of effect reaches 35.81%, while the advancement of industrial structure does not necessarily have a "structural dividend", and its influence on GTFP is non-linear. This paper enriches the research on the influencing factors of GTFP, and is also an effective supplement to the research on digital economy. The conclusions provide a reliable empirical basis for digital economy to help the textile and apparel industry pollution control, and also provide policy references for giving full play to the green value of digital economy.
Higher readability of institutional websites drives the correct fruition of the abortion pathway: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ferrari Amerigo , Pirrotta Luca , Bonciani Manila , Venturi Giulia , Vainieri Milena
Published: November 2022

Background

In Italy, abortion services are public: therefore, health Institutions should provide clear and easily readable web-based information. We aimed to 1) assess variation in abortion services utilisation; 2) analyse the readability of institutional websites informing on induced abortion; 3) explore whether easier-to-read institutional websites influenced the correct fruition of abortion services.

Methods

We identified from the 2021 administrative databases of Tuscany all women having an abortion, and–among them–women having an abortion with the certification provided by family counselling centres, following the pathway established by law. We assessed variation in total and certified abortion rates by computing the Systematic Component of Variation. We analysed the readability of the Tuscan health authorities’ websites using the readability assessment tool READ-IT. We explored how institutional website readability influenced the odds of having certified abortions by running multilevel logistic models, considering health authorities as the highest-level variables.

Results

We observed high variation in the correct utilization of the abortion pathway in terms of certified abortion rates. The READ-IT scores showed that the most readable text was from the Florence Teaching Hospital website. Multilevel models revealed that higher READ-IT scores, corresponding to more difficult texts, resulted in lower odds of certified abortions.

Conclusions

Large variation in the proper fruition of abortion pathways occurs in Tuscany, and such variation may depend on readability of institutional websites informing on induced abortion. Therefore, health Institutions should monitor and improve the readability of their websites to ensure proper and more equitable access to abortion.
La concepción kantiana de la historia y el problema del progreso
Authors: Rodríguez Duplá Leonardo
Published: November 2022

En su Idea para una historia universal, Kant apela al supuesto regulativo de un «plan oculto de la naturaleza» para justificar su concepción ilustrada del progreso de la humanidad en el curso de la historia. Este planteamiento está gravado, sin embargo, con una dificultad: los logros técnicos y políticos sólo pueden consolidarse mediante el progreso moral de la humanidad, el cual no puede, a su vez, ser garantizado por la teleología natural. En textos posteriores de Kant esta dificultad cobra protagonismo y termina provocando una profunda transformación de su concepción de la historia universal, máximamente explícita en el libro sobre la religión.
History of the Title Optometrist and When the O.D. Degree Was First Conferred
Authors: Amos, OD, MS, DOS John F.
Published: November 2022

The history of the title optometrist is rarely discussed in the literature. This paper reviews some of the history of the title and when its use was adopted by the profession. A brief discussion of when the Doctor of Optometry degree was first conferred is also included.
Fire-retardant properties of wood modified with sorbitol, citric acid and a phosphorous-based system
Authors: Kurkowiak Katarzyna , Wu Muting , Emmerich Lukas , Militz Holger
Published: November 2022

Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) was modified with an aqueous solution of sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) and a commercial phosphorus-based fire-retardant (FR). The aim of this study was to assess whether the fire behavior can be improved when the SorCA solution is supplemented by an FR and if this effect is resistant to leaching. The fire behavior of modified wood was investigated by a Bunsen burner ignition test, mass loss calorimetry (MLC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results demonstrated a significantly improved fire-retardancy based on a decreased burning rate and a reduced mass loss in the Bunsen burner test. Also, the induced formation of a protective char barrier facilitated by the addition of a FR, reduced the heat release rate and delayed the ignition. The fire-retardant effect was still observed, to the less extent, after a cold-water (EN 84 2020) leaching of the specimens.
New trends in translation and interpreting studies: Linguistic accessibility in Romania
Authors: Șimon Simona , Dejica Daniel , Fărcașiu Marcela Alina , Kilyeni Annamaria
Published: November 2022

Providing access to knowledge and information for all citizens, including the disadvantaged ones, is a constant preoccupation of the decision-making bodies of countries across the globe, particularly of developed and developing ones. In Europe, guidelines for creating accessible informational content have been created, being constantly improved and adapted to the new social realities. As a member state of the European Union, Romania also fosters social inclusion at various levels, including that of making information accessible to all people. Nevertheless, a lot still needs to be done in the field of linguistic accessibility as the analysis presented in the article shows. For example, research should be conducted to draft guidelines for using accessible languages. Then, the study of accessible languages should be implemented in “Translation and interpreting” study programmes for the purpose of developing skills that could be employed socially to increase knowledge accessibility, through interlingual and intralingual translation and interpreting services. In this way, awareness is raised in society and professionals specialised in linguistic accessibility are provided to the labour market to contribute, as language professionals, to the creation of an inclusive society.
Halide-sodalites: thermal behavior at low temperatures and local deviations from the average structure
Authors: Wolpmann Marius , Etter Martin , Kirsch Andrea , Balzaretti Filippo , Dononelli Wilke , Robben Lars , Gesing Thorsten M.
Published: November 2022

Sodalites of the general type |Na8X2|[T1T2O4]6 with X = Cl−, Br−, I− have been synthesized for Al–Si, Ga–Si, Al–Ge and Ga–Ge as T1–T2 frameworks. The structures were examined using in-house and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, force-field structure optimizations and DFT based ab-initio molecular dynamics (MD) computations. Calculated phonon density of states (PDOS) of the 12 compounds show only minor differences within a framework composition with a lowering of certain phonon energies with increasing anion size. Earlier published Debye and Einstein temperatures obtained with a Debye-Einstein-anharmonicity (DEA) model approach are confirmed using the determined low-temperature lattice parameters (18 K–293 K) and show no correlation with the respective PDOS. Small-box refinements against radial pair distribution functions (PDF) allowed the determination of anisotropic displacement ellipsoids (ADP) for Na+ and O2−, indicating a strong dependency of the ADP of Na+ on the chemical composition. Significantly lower thermal displacements from MD calculations suggested an influence of structural displacements. For compounds with an aspherical ADP for sodium, structural models could be refined in which the sodium is located on two
8e
or one
24i
site (both partially occupied), and also temperature-dependent (100 K–300 K) for the compounds with Ga–Ge framework. 3D-plots of the bond-valence sums of Na+ further validate the structural differences. These results imply that the local structure of halide-sodalites in many cases is not best described by the known average structure and may even not be cubic.
Midbrain–Hippocampus Structural Connectivity Selectively Predicts Motivated Memory Encoding
Authors: Elliott Blake L. , D'Ardenne Kimberlee , Murty Vishnu P. , Brewer Gene A. , McClure Samuel M.
Published: November 2022

Motivation is a powerful driver of learning and memory. Functional MRI studies show that interactions among the dopaminergic midbrain substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA), hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens (NAc) are critical for motivated memory encoding. However, it is not known whether these effects are transient and purely functional, or whether individual differences in the structure of this circuit underlie motivated memory encoding. To quantify individual differences in structure, diffusion-weighted MRI and probabilistic tractography were used to quantify SN/VTA–striatum and SN/VTA–hippocampus pathways associated with motivated memory encoding in humans. Male and female participants completed a motivated source memory paradigm. During encoding, words were randomly assigned to one of three conditions, reward ($1.00), control ($0.00), or punishment (−$1.00). During retrieval, participants were asked to retrieve item and source information of the previously studied words and were rewarded or penalized according to their performance. Source memory for words assigned to both reward and punishment conditions was greater than those for control words, but there were no differences in item memory based on value. Anatomically, probabilistic tractography results revealed a heterogeneous, topological arrangement of the SN/VTA. Tract density measures of SN/VTA–hippocampus pathways were positively correlated with individual differences in reward-and-punishment-modulated memory performance, whereas density of SN/VTA–striatum pathways showed no association. This novel finding suggests that pathways emerging from the human SV/VTA are anatomically separable and functionally heterogeneous. Individual differences in structural connectivity of the dopaminergic hippocampus–VTA loop are selectively associated with motivated memory encoding.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFunctional MRI studies show that interactions among the SN/VTA, hippocampus, and NAc are critical for motivated memory encoding. This has led to competing theories that posit either SN/VTA–NAc reward prediction errors or SN/VTA–hippocampus signals underlie motivated memory encoding. Additionally, it is not known whether these effects are transient and purely functional or whether individual differences in the structure of these circuits underlie motivated memory encoding. Using diffusion-weighted MRI and probabilistic tractography, we show that tract density measures of SN/VTA–hippocampus pathways are positively correlated with motivated memory performance, whereas density of SN/VTA–striatum pathways show no association. This finding suggests that anatomic individual differences of the dopaminergic hippocampus–VTA loop are selectively associated with motivated memory encoding.
Activity Patterns of Individual Neurons and Ensembles Correlated with Retrieval of a Contextual Memory in the Dorsal CA1 of Mouse Hippocampus
Authors: Lee Han-Sol , Han Jin-Hee
Published: November 2022

The hippocampus is crucial for retrieval of contextual memories. The activation of a subpopulation of neurons in the dorsal CA1 (dCA1) of the hippocampus is required for memory retrieval. Given that hippocampal neurons exhibit distinct patterns of response during memory retrieval, the activity patterns of individual neurons or ensembles may be critically involved in memory retrieval. However, this relation has been unclear. To investigate this question, we used anin vivomicroendoscope calcium imaging technique to optically record neuronal activity in the dCA1 of male and female mice. We observed that a portion of dCA1 neurons increased their responses to the learned context after contextual fear conditioning (FC), resulting in overall increase in response of neuronal population compared with simple context exposure. Such increased response was specific to the conditioned context as it disappeared in neutral context. The magnitude of increase in neuronal responses by FC was proportional to memory strength during retrieval. The increases in activity preferentially occurred during the putative sharp wave ripple events and were not simply because of animal's movement and immobility. At the ensemble level, synchronous cell activity patterns were associated with memory retrieval. Accordingly, when such patterns were more similar between conditioned and neutral context, animals displayed proportionally more similar level of freezing. Together, these results indicate that increase in responses of individual neurons and synchronous cell activity patterns in the dCA1 neuronal network are critically involved in representing a contextual memory recall.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons in the dorsal CA1 of the hippocampus are crucial for memory retrieval. By usingin vivocalcium imaging methods for recording neuronal activity, we demonstrate that dCA1 neurons increased their responses to the learned context specifically by FC and such changes correlated with memory strength during retrieval. Moreover, distinct synchronous cell activity patterns were formed by FC and involved in representing contextual memory retrieval. These findings reveal dynamic activity features of dCA1 neurons that are involved in contextual memory retrieval.
Modeling and forecasting of nonlinear nonstationary processes based on the Bayesian structural time series
Authors: Kalinina Irina A. , Gozhyj Aleksandr P.
Published: November 2022

The article describes an approach to modelling and forecasting non-linear non-stationary time series for various purposes using Bayesian structural time series. The concepts of non-linearity and non-stationarity, as well as methods for processing non-linearity’sand non-stationarity in the construction of forecasting models are considered. The features of the Bayesian approach in the processing of nonlinearities and nonstationaryare presented. An approach to the construction of probabilistic-statistical models based on Bayesian structural models of time series has been studied. Parametric and non-parametric methods for forecasting non-linear and non-stationary time series are considered. Parametric methods include methods: classical autoregressive models, neural networks, models of support vector machines, hidden Markov models. Non-parametric methods include methods: state-space models, functional decomposition models, Bayesian non-parametric models. One of the types of non-parametric models isBayesian structural time series. The main features of constructing structural time series are considered. Models of structural time series are presented. The process of learning the Bayesianstructural model of time series is described. Training is performed in four stages: setting the structure of the model and a priori probabilities; applying a Kalman filter to update state estimates based on observed data;application of the “spike-and-slab”method to select variables in a structural model; Bayesian averaging to combine the results to make a prediction. An algorithm for constructing a Bayesian structural time seriesmodel is presented. Various components of the BSTS model are considered andanalysed, with the help of which the structures of alternative predictive models are formed. As an example of the application of Bayesian structural time series, the problem of predicting Amazon stock prices is considered. The base dataset is amzn_share. After loading, the structure and data types were analysed, and missing values were processed. The data are characterized by irregular registration of observations, which leads to a large number of missing values and “masking” possible seasonal fluctuations. This makes the task of forecasting rather difficult. To restore gaps in the amzn_sharetime series, the linear interpolation method was used. Using a set of statistical tests (ADF, KPSS, PP), the series was tested for stationarity. The data set is divided into two parts: training and testing. The fitting of structural models of time series was performed using the Kalman filterand the Monte Carlo method according to the Markov chain scheme. To estimate and simultaneously regularize the regression coefficients, the spike-and-slab method was applied. The quality of predictive models was assessed.
Eco-humanist Tourism Perspective Towards Sustainability: The Case of Dusun Semilir, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Suzanna Ratih , Hilmy Muhammad Fariz , Murti Nindita Kresna
Published: November 2022

A tourist destination designed through the concept of eco-park, Dusun Semilir is  one of the environmentally friendly tourist destinations in Semarang. However, the design implementation does not consider the humanist aspects, especially for tourists with limitations (parents and children), who are unable to access. This study aims to provide perspective on a tourist destination that uses the concept of ecotourism as well as combines with humanist architecture, to ensure that environmental relationship with humans remains in synergy. A qualitative method was used to explore phenomena and problems that occur in study objects to produce ecological and universal design concepts. The humanist concept needs to be borrowed to complement the ecotourism concept for the architects and related stakeholders to plan a tourist destination from two perspectives of the concept. We argue that the eco-humanist tourism perspective provides an understanding that a tourist destination is successful when the fulfillment of human needs is met without harming the environment, social, culture, economy of the tourist destination.
Improvements in the physical properties and decay resistance of bamboo materials via modification with boric acid and borax
Authors: Liu Tiesheng
Published: November 2022

As a renewable biomaterial, bamboo has been widely used in construction and indoor decoration. While the application of bamboo is limited by its low decay resistance and flame retardancy, the combination of modification with boric acid and borax has been found to be effective for improving bamboo flame retardant. In this study, the decay resistance, mechanical properties, and physical properties of bamboo, both before and after treated being with boric acid and borax (in a 1 to 2 ratio), were analyzed to better utilize the modification solution for bamboo. The results showed that in comparison to the untreated bamboo, the treated bamboo had a strong decay resistance, i.e., greater than 80% resistance effectiveness improvement. In addition, the decay resistance and compression strength of the samples showed a considerable increase, i.e., 21%, after the modification. However, the physical properties e.g., the weight gain, equilibrium moisture content, and dimensional stability and bending properties of the bamboo were less affected by the modification method, which could be improved via the combination with another chemical modification agent.
[ˈwapiʃ] / uma [bisiˈkwɛtɐ] e uma [fɨˈloɾ] de [pɐstiˈsinɐ]
Authors: Freitas Maria João , Ramalho Ana Margarida , Gomes Jéssica
Published: November 2022

O estatuto da lateral /l/ em português europeu (PE), bem como a forma como este segmento é adquirido pelas crianças portuguesas, tem sido assunto de interesse para investigadores e clínicos, nos últimos tempos. Este trabalho tem como principais objetivos apresentar dados de produção infantil extraídos do corpus Ramalho-EP (taxas de sucesso e estratégias de reconstrução mais produtivas) e refletir, à luz da teoria fonológica e de dados de aquisição já disponíveis para o PE, sobre as várias propostas teóricas para a representação de /l/ neste sistema. Os resultados registam aquisição dependente da complexidade da estrutura silábica (foi registada a tendência de aquisição Ataque simples >> Coda >> Ataque ramificado), embora /l/ não se encontre adquirido em nenhum dos constituintes silábicos, registando-se taxas de acerto inferiores a 76%. As produções preferenciais [w, ʋ] para o alvo /l/ são interpretadas como um indicador do processamento da lateral alveolar como [+contínuo], tal como proposto por Mateus e Andrade (2000) e contra Amorim e Veloso (2021). Paralelamente, estas variantes e a aquisição tardia de /l/ argumentam empiricamente a favor do traço [+aproximante] para a representação fonológica da lateral em PE, que substitui [+lateral] na proposta de Amorim e Veloso (2021).
Analisis Turbin Darrieus Tipe V-Shaped Blade Untuk Aplikasi Konverter Energi Arus Laut Menggunakan Software QBlade
Authors: Ariefianto Rizki Mendung , Hasanah Rini Nur , Wijono Wijono
Published: November 2022

Turbin tipe Darrieus merupakan salah satu jenis turbin sumbu vertikal yang memiliki prospek menjanjikan dalam pengembangan turbin hidrokinetik, salah satunya dalam aplikasi untuk pembangkit arus laut. Berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan performa turbin Darrieus yang pada umumnya memiliki performa efisiensi dan self-starting lebih rendah dibandingkan jenis turbin sumbu horisontal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi performa turbin Darrieus yang ditinjau dari aspek efisiensi dan kemampuan self-starting. Skenario pengujian berupa penerapan bentuk foil dan blade swept angle (γ) pada desain turbin dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian ini. Pada evaluasi pengaruh bentuk foil, diterapkan foil NACA 634021 sebagai foil utama kemudian dibandingkan dengan foil lain seperti NACA 0018. Sedangkan evaluasi pengaruh blade swept angle, dipertimbangkan nilai γ = 30° agar menghasilkan turbin dengan bentuk V-shaped blade yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan turbin Straight blade dengan γ = 0°. Software QBlade digunakan untuk mensimulasikan turbin V-shaped blade selama kondisi kerja. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa turbin V-shaped blade yang berbasis foil NACA 634021 mampu mencapai efisiensi terbesar yaitu 0,425 dan memiliki self-starting yang baik pada cut-in speed arus laut sebesar 1,765 m/s. Selain itu, turbin ini juga mampu menghasilkan daya sebesar 27,64 kW pada kecepatan ratingnya dengan rata-rata peningkatan daya tiap 1 m/s arus laut sebesar 2,51 kW.
Economic Benefits of Marine Protected Areas, Case of Anambas Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Dwihastuty Leny , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Muawanah Umi , Jayawiguna Muhammad H.
Published: November 2022

This study aims to evaluate the economic benefits derived from conservation areas using the case of National Marine Protected Areas (MPA) in Anambas Islands. The study evaluated the top four reef-associated fish with high economic values, namely grouper, red snapper, threadfin bream, and trevally fish.  The employed bioeconomic hybrid model to estimate the Maximum Economic Yield (MEY) for those fish under the sustainable conservation policies. We found positive economic benefits from conservation in Anambas Islands. The MPA has shown both biological and economic benefits, namely the spill over impact and total economic value of harvest at amount of IDR 301,481,685,170/year. We found that the 50% MSY policy on fisheries TAC in MPA site will still sustain the fisheries resource but fishers are less profitable. Some strategies to augment the outcome of Anambas Islands MPA include affirmation policies both from national and local government to increase fishing capacity and skills such as operating larger vessels, eg 10 GT and provide programs and assistance on providing alternative livelihoods for fishermen.
Law, Language and the Courtroom: Legal Linguistics and the Discourse of Judges Stanislaw Gozdz-Roszkowski and Gianluca Pontrandolfo (2021)
Authors: Cheng Le , Liu Xiuli
Published: November 2022

Law, Language and the Courtroom: Legal Linguistics and the Discourse of Judges Stanislaw Gozdz-Roszkowski and Gianluca Pontrandolfo (2021) Routledge. 268pp.
Alcohol-induced Deaths Among Adults Aged 65 and Over: United States, 2019 and 2020
Authors: Kramarow Ellen , Tejada-Vera Betzaida
Published: November 2022

This report presents death rates for alcohol-induced deaths in 2019 and 2020 for the population aged 65 and over by age group, sex, and race and Hispanic origin.
Births: Final Data for 2021
Authors: J.K. Michelle , Hamilton E. Brady , A. Joyce , Driscoll Anne , Valenzuela Claudia
Published: November 2022

This report presents 2021 data on U.S. births according to a variety of characteristics. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted.
Analysis of modern interaction between customers and designers of construction objects in Russia
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Vilisova A. D. , Mironova L. I. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is to show, based on the analysis of state-of-the-art communication channels for interaction between customers and designers, that in the digitalization of the construction industry, they do not provide the necessary operational interaction. A transition to new, more efficient ways of communication and exchange of information in the design of construction projects is required. A solution for a significant improvement in the conditions of communication is proposed ‒ cloud information and design environment (CIDE). CIDE assumes a transition to digital interaction between participants in investment and construction projects. The article describes the benefits of using CIDE. It is assumed that the implementation of this solution will ensure operational interaction between the participants in investment and construction projects, as well as avoid mistakes in the design of construction projects.
Issues of invention in the construction sector in conditions of its digitalization
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Mironova L. I. , Fomin N. A. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Vilisova A. D. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: November 2022

The article considers the possibility of creating a digital environment of engineering creativity for organizing training for students of construction universities based on cloud technologies, which is an urgent task in the context of the implementation of the State program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation". The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical grounds for creating a cloud digital environment of engineering creativity (DEEC) for interaction between participants in the creative process in construction universities. The practical value of the study lies in the possibility of applying the proposed solution when implementing distance learning for students of civil engineering universities.
Trends in bariatric surgeries in the Brazilian Federative Units, 2009-2019: a descriptive study
Authors: OLIVEIRA VINÍCIUS DA SILVA , CHAVES VINÍCIUS BARROS , ABOUD ARTHUR ADIB NERY , BUNHOLLI ANELIZE MARIA , MACEDO RAFAEL MENDONÇA , PINTO RENATA MACHADO
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: our objective is to describe the epidemiological distribution of hospitalizations and postoperative deaths, as well as the trends of bariatric surgeries performed by SUS in all Brazilian federative units (FUs) from an analysis of the period from 2009 to 2019. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive ecological time-series study with quantitative and descriptive analysis, based on secondary data. The period analyzed was from 2009 to 2019. We collected, from DATASUS, data from obese men and women who were hospitalized after undergoing bariatric surgery. Prais-Winsten regression was performed to identify the trends. Results: In the period, 83,829 bariatric surgeries were performed, of which 161 resulted in death, representing 0.19% of the procedures. We found an increasing trend in the number of surgeries for Brazil (β=0.04; p<0.001), but 11 FUs showed a stationary trend and three, decreasing ones (six UFs did not have enough data to enter the analysis). In the North and Northeast regions, stationary trends prevailed, while in the Center-West, the decreasing trends, and in the South and Southeast, the increasing ones. Conclusions: we found an evident disparity between regions, suggesting deficiencies in access to health. By demonstrating which FUs and demographic characteristics have the lowest rates of surgeries, our study is able to direct public policies towards a more egalitarian Brazilian public health.
A MEDIAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA COMO GARANTIA DE DIREITOS NO BRASIL: RUMO A POLÍTICAS INSTITUCIONAIS DE TRADUÇÃO E INTERPRETAÇÃO NA DEFENSORIA PÚBLICA DA UNIÃO
Authors: Gorovitz Sabine , Sá Letícia de Souza
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Os recentes fluxos migratórios para o Brasil demandam do Estado um novo olhar sobre as necessidades sociais dos indivíduos recém-chegados ao país. A implementação de uma política linguística e de tradução é também, muitas vezes, condição de acesso da população imigrante aos sistemas de prestação de serviços públicos. Nesse sentido, incumbida da missão de garantidora de direitos humanos, a Defensoria Pública da União (DPU), visando ampliar e aperfeiçoar os serviços de assistência jurídica prestados a imigrantes no Brasil, criou a Coordenação de Tradução (CTRAD), antes Núcleo de Tradução (NuTrad), em parceria com a Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Inicialmente responsável pela tradução de documentos processuais, a CTRAD, frente ao aumento exponencial das demandas de atendimento por não falantes de português, vem ampliando suas atividades com a criação de um serviço de mediação linguística entre o agente público e o solicitante de direito. Esse crescimento das demandas relacionadas à tradução e interpretação revela a necessidade de institucionalizar políticas de tradução hoje em sua maioria implementadas pela sociedade civil. Para respaldar essas ações, buscou-se aqui traçar um diagnóstico da situação sociolinguística da DPU nesse contexto, por meio de uma coleta de dados junto aos setores de atendimento das diversas unidades da DPU. Foram aplicados questionários aos atendentes dessas unidades para conhecimento das dificuldades e necessidades linguísticas nos locais de atendimento. Os resultados revelam, por um lado, os desafios linguísticos enfrentados de acordo com os tipos de interação entre demandantes de direitos e agentes públicos e, por outro, o grande desamparo das instituições frente a esses desafios.
Caracterização físico-química de cinzas de resíduos perigosos para uso na construção civil
Authors: Carvalho José Leonardo Vanderlei de , Silva André Carlos , Silva Elenice Maria Schons , Sousa José Getúlio Gomes de
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Ações para tratamento, reutilização e destinação adequada de resíduos perigosos (RP), a exemplo dos gerados em serviços de saúde, atividades agrossilvopastoris e oficinas mecânicas ganham importância, observando que o descarte inadequado pode ocasionar problemas ambientais. Algumas pesquisas têm apontado uso das cinzas oriundas de RP, em substituição parcial do cimento Portland ou como agregado miúdo em matrizes cimentícias, conforme as propriedades dos materiais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar as características físicas, químicas e mineralógicas das cinzas geradas em uma incineradora de RP situada no estado da Bahia/Brasil, sendo essas submetidas aos ensaios de caracterização, tanto in natura quanto após etapa de calcinação à 1000 °C, denominadas de cinza pesada (CP) e cinza calcinada (CC), respectivamente. Determinou-se a distribuição granulométrica, perda ao fogo, propriedades térmicas, composição química, morfologia, carbono orgânico total e reatividade, sendo as amostras classificadas pela norma da ABNT NBR 12653/2014. Os resultados obtidos indicam significativas diferenças entre os materiais analisados, nos aspectos físicos, químicos e mineralógicos. O uso das técnicas e métodos possibilitou classificar as amostras estudadas de forma que não atendem os requisitos mínimos normativos, entretanto, não é possível descartar a utilização das CC em matrizes cimentícias.
Resistance of sorghum hybrids to sorghum aphid
Authors: Avellar G. S. , Mendes S. M. , Marriel I. E. , Menezes C. B. , Parrella R. A. C. , Santos D. G.
Published: November 2022

Abstract The aphid Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), which infest the sorghum crop, has been an economically important pest which have been causing severe damage to sorghum crops in Brazil since 2019. These species have been observed mainly at the end of vegetative stage and beginning of reproductive stage of plants. Their high reproductive rate on sorghum raises concerns about these pests. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the life expectancy and fertility tables of Melanaphis sorghi fed on 15 hybrids of grain sorghum, in order to know the resistance characteristics of these materials and understand how plant resistance can help manage this insect. This study was carried out in a laboratory at 26±2 ºC and 60±10% R.H (relative humidity). Fifty insects were kept in each hybrid, each insect was considered one repetition. According to biological parameters and fertility life table, hybrids BRS373, DKB590 and 50A10 were less suitable for the sugarcane aphid multiplication. Thus, these hybrids could be useful to manage this pest, since the population growth speed is one of the worst problems for the implementation of cropping systems. Genotypes AG1090, MSK327 and XGN1305 favored the development of this pest and, when chosen within a cropping system, other management strategies should be considered.
Study of the integument that covering back and stinger of the freshwater stingray Potamotrygon rex (Chondricthyes, Potamotrygonidae)
Authors: Ribeiro-Neto D. G. , Spadacci-Morena D. D. , Marques E. E. , Silva K. L. F. , Seibert C. S.
Published: November 2022

Abstract The objective of this study was to describe the histology and histochemistry of the integument covering the back and stinger of the freshwater stingray Potamotrygon rex, endemic to the Middle Upper Tocantins River. The species has a dark back and yellowish circular spots that extend to the tail, which has one to two stings located in the median portion of the tail. Through histological study it was observed that the epithelia of the back and stinger are composed of non-keratinized stratified pavement epithelial tissue, and are organized in three layers: basal, intermediate and superficial. The differences between the tissues are related to the cell types that compose them. The back is organized with epithelial cells, mucus cells, granulocyte cells and chromatophores. The mucus cells are distributed in different layers along the animal's back, influencing the thickness of the tissue. The tissue that covers the stinger is composed of epithelial cells, chromatophores and specialized cells in protein synthesis. In the histochemistry, the stinger epithelial cells were stained with Bromophenol Blue, especially those of the intermediate layer, which were called specialized cells. In the back the epithelial cells were stained with Bromophenol Blue, Alcian Blue and PAS, and the mucous cells with PAS. In both tissues the presence of protein reserves was detected, areas so called because they are stained strongly with Bromophenol Blue. The results show that the stinger presents activity directed to the production of proteins, and that the back is organized to produce different components, which constitute the cuticle that covers the animal's body.
Biochemical, physiological, and growth evaluation of different chickpea genotypes under varying salinity regimes
Authors: Gul J. , Ullah M.
Published: November 2022

Abstract Biochemical and physiological parameters, growth, and yield of field crops especially salt sensitive crops like chickpea are affected adversely by salinity in arid to semi-arid regions. To investigate the effect of different salinity levels on growth, biochemical and physiological parameters of chickpea genotypes, a pot experiment following CRD, two factor factorial design, was conducted in the glasshouse at the Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Ten (10) kg of soil was filled in each pot and salinity levels were maintained @ S0= 0 mM NaCl, S1= 50 mM NaCl, S2= 100 mM NaCl and S3= 150 mM by applying NaCl and 5 genotypes of chickpea (KK-2, Bhakkar-2011, Bittle-98, Punjab-2008, and CM-98) were used. At crop maturity, growth parameters, physiological, biochemical, and ionic parameters were measured using standard analysis procedures. Salinity reduced the growth and yield of all genotypes, but the rate of decrease was different among the genotypes tested. From the results, a decrease in K concentration, K/Na ratio, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, N, and P was observed in all genotypes with the increase in salinity. An increase in salinity level increased the proline content (35.45%), crude protein (42%), H2O2 (19%), lipid peroxidation (62%), carbohydrates (23.22%), and Na+ concentration (137%). The highest level of salinity, 150 mM NaCl has exhibited the highest salinity stress in all parameters. Genotype KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 showed a lower rate of relative decrease in yield (4.5 and 12%), K+/Na+ ratio (23.34 and 11.47%), and K+ concentration (7.9 and 11%), respectively, and the lowest relative increase in Na+ accumulation (20.3 and 0.48%), @ 50 mM salinity compared to control. Genotype KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 proved better @ 50mM salinity. The findings suggest that the critical level of the salinity must be kept in mind and the salt-tolerant genotypes should be cultivated in salt affected soils.
The butterflies of Cristalino Lodge, in the Brazilian southern Amazonia: An updated species list with a significant contribution from citizen science
Authors: Mota Luísa L. , Boddington Stephen J. , Brown Jr. Keith S. , Callaghan Curtis J. , Carter Gill , Carter Will , Dantas Sidnei M. , Dolibaina Diego R. , Garwood Kim , Hoyer Richard C. , Robbins Robert K. , Soh Aaron , Willmott Keith R. , Freitas André V. L.
Published: November 2022

Abstract The richest butterfly communities in the world are found in the Amazon rainforest. Despite of this, and the importance of species inventories for the knowledge of diversity patterns, there are few comprehensive lists of butterflies for localities in the Brazilian Amazon. Here, we present an updated list of the butterflies of Cristalino Lodge (Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil), in southern Amazonia, based on specimens collected by researchers and photographic records taken by ecotourists, butterfly watchers, and tour guides. With 1010 species recorded, this is currently the largest list of butterflies published for a single locality in Brazil and the first to reach (and surpass) 1000 species, with more than one third of the records coming from citizen science. The region has about 29% of the butterfly species in Brazil and one of the greatest richnesses known in the country, inferior only to areas in the western Amazon. Its fauna is mainly composed of species widely distributed in lowland Amazonia, with the addition of some species typical of the Cerrado. It has a relatively low number of species of the tribe Ithomiini (Nymphalidae: Danainae), generally considered a good indicator of the total butterfly diversity in neotropical forests, which points to the need for caution when using a single taxonomic group as a surrogate of richness of entire communities. The present work highlights the importance of citizen science and ecotourism centers for inventories and data on species distribution in diverse tropical forests.
Self-made home: how and where does the anuran Rhinella dorbignyi build its retreat sites
Authors: Schuck Laura K. , Moser Camila F. , Farina Renata K. , Santos Nathália L. P. S. dos , Tozetti Alexandro M.
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT In this study, we observed that burrows of Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) are distributed in a non-random manner in the habitat, suggesting a microhabitat selection for digging. This conclusion was based on a characterization of 36 burrows and surrounding micro-habitat. We established a 1 m x 1 m quadrat with the burrow in its central point (n=36) to measure the percentage (density) and the average heights of grasses, herbs, and shrubs. All measurements were repeated in two unused quadrats (without burrows) to evaluate the available microhabitat (n=72). The burrows are built in specific areas of the habitat with a higher percentage of grass, taller herbs, lower density of shrubs and low shaded sites than the founded at control sites. Based on three-dimensional models of the interior of the burrow (n=15), we observed that all of them were constructed with an elliptical opening that opens into a narrow channel perpendicular to the ground. Channels had a mean maximum diameter of 38 mm and a mean minimum diameter of 18 mm. The mean length of the burrows is 182 mm, and the mean volume is 95 mL.
Influence of altitude and seasonality in the termite species richness and nests density in a hill environment of the Brazilian Caatinga
Authors: Oliveira Mário Herculano de , Eloi Igor , Costa Bruno Guedes da , Bezerra-Gusmão Maria Avany
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The variation in altitude drives the richness and density of species in tropical ecosystems. The diversity and richness of termites are influenced by the variations in temperature, humidity, and soil properties according to altitude elevation. This is well known for rainy forests and little information is found for semiarid areas of Brazil. In this study, we aimed to identify species richness and encounters density of termites in a hill inserted in the Caatinga Brazilian forest. We found variation in the composition of species as a function of altitude (in a comparison of top and foot of the hill) and in periods of the wet and dry, with an increase in the season wet. The increase the diversity in this period and altitude elevations can be explained by the increases in humidity after rainfalls and maintenance of temperature enabled by the conditions in the hill’s top. Our findings provide valuable information regarding termite diversity in semiarid areas as a function of elevation and contribute to other studies that are expanding our understanding of how elevation can affect these organisms.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and congenital anomalies in prenatal care
Authors: Aguiar Michelle Alves Viana , Abrahão Anelise Riedel
Published: November 2022

Abstract Objective: to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in pregnant women diagnosed with congenital anomaly. Methods: his is a quantitative and cross-correlational study. The sample consisted of 111 pregnant women diagnosed with congenital anomaly between 2013 and 2014. We used a semi-structured questionnaire and the Impact of Events Scale - Revised (IES-R). For statistical analysis, the chi-square test, Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney test, Cronbach Alpha coefficients, Pearson’s correlation and simple linear regression models. Results: viable congenital anomalies corresponded to 66.6%, and non-viable, to 33.3%. The average of all areas of IES-R, as well as the sum of matters concerning IES-R, were high in all pregnant women diagnosed with congenital anomaly. Using a cut of 5.6 units in the IES-Rtotal score, we found that 46.8% of pregnant women diagnosed with a congenital anomaly showed PTSD symptoms; however, symptoms were more frequent among pregnant women diagnosed with non-viable congenital anomaly (64.9%). The IES-R intrusion and hyperstimulation dimensions were more correlated. We observed a decreasing connection with PTSD symptoms in relation to the time of the notification of congenital anomaly diagnosis. Conclusions: PTSD symptoms were more frequent in pregnant women diagnosed with non-viable congenital anomaly.
Analysis of the time series of pertussis in Brazil from 2010 to 2019
Authors: Silva Luís Roberto da , Ferreira Ricardo José , Arruda Laís Eduarda Silva de , Vasconcelos Alan Dias de , Freitas Marcelo Victor de Arruda , Santos Isadora Sabrina Ferreira dos , Silva José Thiago de Lima , Silva Maria Graziele Gonçalves , Teixeira Camila Maria Barros , Lira Guilherme , Oliveira Emília Carolle Azevedo de
Published: November 2022

Abstract Objectives: to analyze a decade of spatio-temporal behavior of pertussis in Brazil and its epidemiological characteristics. Methods: ecological time series study of pertussis cases and deaths from the Notifable Diseases Information System in Brazil (2010-2019). The method of generalized linear analysis of Prais-Winsten and the Kernel analysis were used. Results: 32,849 cases were reported, of which 466 (1.42%) evolved to death, with a prevalence of 1.63/100,000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 0.023/100,000 inhabitants. In the temporal analysis, the cyclical behavior of pertussis was evidenced, with trend variations in the period in 2014. Most cases occurred in children under 1 year of age (60.16%, p<0.01), sex female (55.28%, p=0.066) and white (48.42%, p=0.14). The largest share of deaths was in children aged <1 year (98.07, p<0.01), females (56.01%, p=0.066) and whites (43.78%, p=0.14). In the Kernel of prevalence, the South, Southeast and Northeast regions stood out with high density; while for mortality, the Southeast and Northeast stood out. Conclusions: the cyclical behavior of pertussis was observed, with a decreasing trend in recent years and the concentration of cases in children. This reinforces the importance of strengthening the population’s immunization process.