bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constrained Optimization Based on Hybridized Version of Superiority of Feasibility Solution Strategy
Authors: Khan Wali , Rehaman Faiz Ur , Shah Habib
Published: October 2021

Teaching learning based optimization (TLBO) is a stochastic algorithm which was first proposed for unconstrained optimization problems. It is population based, nature-inspired, and meta-heuristic that imitates teaching learning process. It has two phases, teacher and learner. In teacher phase, the teacher who is well-learned person transfers his/her knowledge to the learners to raise their grades/results; while in learner phase, learners/pupils learn and refine their knowledge through mutual interconnection. To solve constrained optimization problems (COPs) through TLBO we need to merge it with some constraint handling technique (CHT). Superiority of feasibility (SF) is a concept for making CHTs, existed in different forms based on various decisive factors. Most commonly used decision making factors in SF are number of constraints violated (NCV) and weighted mean (WM) values for comparing solutions. In this work, SF based on number of constraints violated (NCVSF) and weighted mean (WMSF) are incorporated in the framework of TLBO. These are tested upon CEC-2006 constrained suit with the remark that single factor used for the decision making of winner is not a wise idea. Mentioned remark leads us to made a single CHT that carries the capabilities of both discussed CHTs. It laid the foundation of hybrid superiority of feasiblity (HSF); where NCV and WM factors are combined with giving dominance to NCV over WM. In current research three constrained versions of TLBO are formulated by the name NCVSF-TLBO, WMSF-TLBO, and HSF-TLBO; while implanting NCVSF, WMSF, and HSF in the framework of TLBO, respectively. These constrained versions of TLBO are evaluated on CEC-2006 with the remarks that HSF-TLBO got prominent and flourishing status among these.
What do we Know about Contributing Factors for “Never Events” in Operating Rooms? A Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Arad Dana , Rosenfeld Ariel , Magnezi Racheli
Published: October 2021

BackgroundA Surgical “Never Event” (NE) is a preventable error. Various factors contribute to the occurrence of wrong site surgery and retained foreign item, but little is known about their quantified risk in relation to surgery's characteristics. Our study uses machine learning to reveal factors and quantify their risk to improve patient safety and quality of care.MethodsWe used data from 9,234 observations on safety standards and 101 Root-Cause Analysis from actual NEs, and utilized three Random Forest supervised machine learning models. Using a standard 10-cross validation technique, we evaluated the model's metrics, and, through Gini impurity we measured the impact of factors thereof to occurrence of the two types of NEs. ResultsWe identified 24 contributing factors in six surgical departments. Two had an impact of >900% in Urology, Orthopedics and General Surgery, six had an impact of 0–900% in Gynecology, Urology and Cardiology, and 17 had an impact of <0%. Factors' combination revealed 15-20 pairs with an increased probability in five departments: Gynecology:875–1900%; Urology: 1,900:2,600%; Cardiology:833–1,500%; Orthopedics:1,825–4,225%; and General Surgery:2,720–13,600%. Five factors affected the occurrence of wrong site surgery (-60.96–503.92%) and five of retained foreign body (-74.65–151.43%), three of them overlapping: two nurses (66.26–87.92%), Surgery length<1 hour (85.56–122.91%), Surgery length 1-2 hours (-60.96–85.56%).ConclusionsThe use of machine learning has enabled us to quantify the potential impact of risk factors for wrong site surgeries and retained foreign items, in relation to surgery's characteristics, which in turn suggests tailoring the safety standards accordingly. Trial registration number: MOH 032-2019
Prevalence of Healthy Aging Among Community Dwelling Adults Age 70 and Older From Five European Countries
Authors: Schietzel Simeon , Chocano-Bedoya Patricia O. , Sadlon Angelique , Gagesch Michael , Willett Walter C. , Orav Endel J. , Kressig Reto W. , Vellas Bruno , Rizzoli René , Silva José A. P. da , Blauth Michael , Kanis John A , Egli Andreas , Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A.
Published: October 2021

Background: To compare the prevalence of healthy aging among adults age 70 and older from 5 European countries recruited for the DO-HEALTH clinical trial. Participants were selected for absence of prior major health events. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of DO-HEALTH baseline data. All 2,157 participants (mean age 74.9, SD 4.4; 61.7% women) were included and 2,123 had data for all domains of the healthy aging status (HA) definition. HA was assessed based on the Nurses` Health Study (NHS) definition requiring four domains: no major chronic diseases, no disabilities, no cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA ≥25), no mental health limitation (GDS-5 <2, and no diagnosis of depression). Association between HA and age, BMI, gender, and physical function (sit-to-stand, gait speed, grip strength) was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusting for center. Results: Overall, 41.8% of DO-HEALTH participants were healthy agers with significant variability by country: Austria (Innsbruck) 58.3%, Switzerland (Zurich, Basel, Geneva) 51.2%, Germany (Berlin) 37.6%, France (Toulouse) 36.7% and Portugal (Coimbra) 8.8% (p <0.0001). Differences in prevalence by country persisted after adjustment for age. In the multivariate model, younger age (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.98), female gender (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.81), lower BMI (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.96), faster gait speed (OR = 4.70, 95% CI 2.68 to 8.25) and faster performance in sit-to-stand test (OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.93) were independently and significantly associated with HA. Conclusions: Despite the same inclusion and exclusion criteria preselecting relatively healthy adults age 70 years and older, HA prevalence varied significantly between countries and was highest in Austria and Switzerland, lowest in Portugal. Independent of country, younger age, female gender, lower BMI and better physical function were associated with HA.Trial registration: DO-HEALTH was registered under the protocol NCT01745263 at the International Trials Registry (clinicaltrials.gov), and under the protocol number 2012–001249-41 at the Registration at the European Commu-nity Clinical Trial System (EudraCT).
Controllable synthesis and adsorption mechanism of flower-like MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites for removal of methylene blue in water
Authors: Wang Zhentao , Hasan Jaafar , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Caiwei , Iqbal Waheed , Chang Ninghui , Qin Chuanguang
Published: October 2021

The fabrication and adsorption mechanism of flower-like MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites as new adsorbent materials were investigated by batch sorption experiments in this paper. The influence of factors such as pH, adsorbent dosage, concentration and temperature on the adsorption properties of flower-like MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were studied in detailed. The adsorption isotherm data was fitted with the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetic characteristics conform to the quasi second-order kinetic equation. Thermodynamic data showed that the adsorption process of methylene blue (MB) was feasible, endothermic and spontaneous. At 45 ℃, the maximum adsorption capacity was 278.4 mg/g. The adsorbed MB solution was used to water the wheat and chickpea plants within 15 days. Compared with MB solution, the treated MB solution made the plants grow much more better.
Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analyses of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae): Insights Into Evolutionary Dynamics and Phylogenetic Relationships
Authors: Xu Kewang , Lin Chenxue , Lee Shiou Yih , Mao Lingfeng , Meng Kaikai
Published: October 2021

BackgroundDespite many species of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) are of horticultural importance and are widely grown in parks and gardens throughout the world for their foliage and decorative berries, limited genetic information has greatly hampered our understanding of the chloroplast genome evolution and phylogenetic relationships within the genus. This study attempted to address these problems by comparing the chloroplast genomes and analyzing phylogenetic relationships within the genus.ResultsIn this study, analyses of chloroplast genome structure, codon usage, GC content, gene rearrangement, nucleotide diversity, inverted repeats (IR) boundary, repeat sequence, and SSR component were conducted by comparing 41 chloroplast genomes of Ilex. The results showed that these Ilex chloroplast genomes were evolutionary conserved at the genome level and no rearrangement of the complete cp genome in the 41 Ilex genomes was recorded. On the contrary, there were still a few mutational hotspots identified from these chloroplast genomes, which were considered as hypervariable regions useful for future phylogenetic studies and DNA barcoding. Using the complete chloroplast genome sequences, we reconstructed a highly supported phylogeny of Ilex and well-resolved the complicated relationships among the different lineages within Ilex.ConclusionThe present study increased our understanding of the chloroplast genome evolution and phylogenetic relationships within Ilex. The availability of these genetic resources will be helpful for the future studies in DNA barcoding, species delimitation, phylogenetic reconstruction as well as the hybridization and introgression events between distantly related lineages within Ilex.
Comparative Analysis of Three Typical Cantilever Scaffold Supporting Systems
Authors: Geng Dajiang , Dai Ning , Zhang De , Jin Xuesheng , Long Minjian
Published: October 2021

In order to effectively guide the selection of scaffold in designing the cantilever scaffold, comprehensive analyses of three typical scaffold supporting systems (including fully cantilever, bottom-supporting cantilever and pull-up cantilever) are carried out. The calculation formulas of the internal force for the three scaffold supporting systems are proposed based on the theoretical analysis, which are effectively verified by the finite element method (FEM). In addition, the force mechanism and benefits of the three scaffold supporting systems are compared and analyzed combined with actual engineering. The results indicate that there is high calculating accuracy for the proposed internal force and deflection calculation formulas about the scaffold supporting systems. According to the distribution uniformity of the internal force and controlling of the deformation of the main girder, the bottom-supporting cantilever system is undoubtedly the best choice. While the pull-up cantilever supporting system is the best choice when considering the aspects of cost, construction period and social benefits, which ought to be popularized in engineering practice.
Title: Acute effects of self-myofascial release compared to dry needling on myofascial pain syndrome related outcomes: range of motion, muscle soreness and performance. A randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Vicente-Mampel J , Bautista IJ , López-Soler J , Torregrosa-Valls J , Gargallo P , Baraja-Vegas L
Published: October 2021

Objectives: myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is associated with reductions in range of movement (ROM), decrease in physical function and performance and increase in pain in different populations. Elucidating the best prevention and treatment strategies for MPS has been one of the main goals in the last decade. The objective of the present study was to compare the acute effects of self-myofascial foam rolling (SFR) and dry-needling (DN) techniques on ankle dorsiflexion ROM, soreness post-needling and performance through countermovement jump (CMJ) height. Methods: a prospective crossover design composed by 12 active adults, aged 23.41 ± 1.68 years (weight: 78.33 ± 9.02 Kg; height: 1.79 ± 0.088 m) with active ankle dorsiflexion restriction was performed. Participants were randomized into the SFR and DN techniques to analyze its effects on ankle dorsiflexion ROM, muscle soreness and jump height at pre, post and 24 h post-intervention. Results: significant improvements were found by DN on ankle dorsiflexion at 24 hours post intervention and muscle soreness by SFR at the same time point. No significant differences were found between conditions. Conclusions: Both SFR and DN are effective in improving ankle dorsiflexion and performance in young adults without producing an acute effect in muscle soreness.
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes are Indicators of Better Prognosis in Surgically Resected Endometrioid-Type Endometrial Carcinomas at Early and Advanced Stages
Authors: Kono-Sato Takako , Miyai Kosuke , Yamagishi Yoji , Miyamoto Morikazu , Takano Masashi , Matsukuma Susumu , Sato Kimiya , Tsuda Hitoshi
Published: October 2021

Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may be useful prognostic indicators in endometrial cancer. However, standardized assessment methods and the prognostic roles of these cells in different stage groups are unclear.Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 107 endometrioid-type endometrial carcinomas (EECs) comprising 60 stage IB and 47 stage IIIC or IVB cases were evaluated. CD3+ TILs, CD8+ TILs, CD68+ TAMs, and CD163+ TAMs were detected by immunohistochemistry, and their densities were evaluated by semiquantitative and quantitative methods. TILs within tumor epithelial cell nests (E-TILs) and those within the stroma at the invasive front (S-TILs) were evaluated separately for CD3+ and CD8+ cells. The “TIL score” was defined as the sum of semiquantitative scores of CD3+ E-TILs, CD3+ S-TILs, CD8+ E-TILs, and CD8+ S-TILs. For TAMs, the area of CD68+ and CD163+ cells in the invasive margin were semiquantitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Clinicopathological and prognostic implications of TILs and TAMs in stage IB and IIIC/IVB EECs were examined by Cox univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: By Cox univariate analyses, semiquantitatively low CD3+ E-TILs, low CD8+ E-TILs, and low “TIL score” were significantly correlated with worse prognosis in stage IB patients (P = 0.011, 0.040, and 0.039, respectively). Likewise, low CD3+ E-TILs and low CD8+ E-TILs, by both semiquantitative (P = 0.011 and 0.0051) and quantitative evaluations (P < 0.0001, and P = 0.0015) and low “TIL score” (P = 0.020) were significantly correlated with worse prognosis in stage IIIC/IVB patients. By Cox multivariate analyses, semiquantitatively low CD3+ E-TILs in stage IB (P = 0.030) and semiquantitatively low CD3+ E-TILs or “TIL score” in stage IIIC/IVB (P = 0.022 and 0.049, respectively) were independent worse prognostic factors. CD68+ or CD163+ TAMs were not correlated with prognosis in any patients.Conclusions: Semiquantitatively low E-TILs, possibly representing low degree of TILs, are correlated with prognosis in both early and advanced stage patients with EEC. In particular, CD3+ E-TILs and CD8+ E-TILs are potentially useful prognostic markers in patients with EEC regardless of the stage.
Developmental Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Catch-up Head Growth: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Hong You Mi , Cho Dong Hue , Kim Jin Kyu
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine demographic or perinatal characteristics in premature infant according to head growth, identify clinical factors affecting growth catch-up, and find differences in developmental outcomes according to catch-up states based on Korean Neonatal Network (KNN) data. This nationwide prospective cohort study of Korean Neonatal Network (KNN) data analyzed premature infants with very low birth weight (< 1,500 g) between 2014 and 2017. A total of 253 eligible infants who had completed Bayley scales of infant and toddler development (BSID) 3rd were assigned into two groups: a catch-up (CU) group with head circumference above the 10th percentile and a no catch-up (NCU) group with head circumference below the 10th percentile at 18-24 months of corrected age (CA). Most (81.4%, 203/253) premature infants exhibited catch-up growth at 18-24 months of CA. Rates of microcephaly, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), length of NICU stay, ventilation care, and parenteral nutrition were significantly greater in the NCU group (P < 0.05). On multiple linear regression analysis, the BPD status was the most clinical factor affecting catch-up head growth after adjusting for gestational age, birth weight, and birth head circumference (adjusted OR 4.586, 95% CI 1.960-10.729)At 18-24 months of CA, the NCU group exhibited lower developmental indices and higher rate of developmental delay than the CU group. Motor developmental delay was the most significant factor relevant to catch-up head growth and the motor development index difference between the two groups was only statistically significant after adjusting for four major neonatal morbidities: IVH, BPD, sepsis, and NEC status (adjusted OR 10.727, 95% CI 1.922-59.868). Thus, the developmental outcome of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants at 18-24 months of CA might be dependent on whether head growth was caught up. Key clinical factors determining the catch-up status were BPD and NEC status, length of parenteral nutrition, and ventilator care. Thus, measurements of head circumference at 18-24 months of CA can predict developmental delays of VLBW infants.
Comparative Analysis of The Daily Brain Transcriptomes of Asian Particolored Bat
Authors: Zhang Guoting , Chu Yujia , Jiang Tinglei , Li Jingjing , Feng Lei , Wu Hui , Wang Hui , Feng Jiang
Published: October 2021

Circadian rhythms are found in almost all organisms, and they comprise one of the most basic characteristics of living things. Bats have attracted interest from researchers because of their unique biological rhythms. However, little is known about the molecular underpinnings of circadian signaling in bats. In this study, we used RNA-Seq to uncover the rhythms of expressed genes and biological processes in the brains of Asian particolored bats. Four collected time points corresponding to four biological states, rest, sleep, wakefulness, and active, were selected over the 24-hour day, and six comparisons of differentially expressed genes were obtained. Downstream functional enrichment analyses suggested that different physiological processes were active at various biological states, including drug metabolism, signaling pathways, and the circadian clock. Furthermore, trend analysis suggested that groups of genes are significantly clustered and are expressed at the lowest levels during the sleep state while being highly expressed during the active stat. In addition, we also identified the Per2 locus as an important circadian clock gene in the brain of Asian particolored bat. Our study provides a new overview of the molecular basis underlying the circadian clock in the brain of bats.
Methane Super-Emitters in California’s Oil Fields
Authors: Vafi Kourosh , Rafiq Talha , Biraud Sebastien , Thorpe Andrew , Duren Riley , Hopkins Francesca
Published: October 2021

Methane is a potent yet underestimated contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. We examined the characteristics of 255 sources of methane super-emitters identified by NASA’s Airborne Visible/InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation in 109 California oil fields. Super-emitter events were primarily associated with oil & gas wells, gas gathering pipelines, and storage tanks (73% of sources). Sources with persistence of <=20% and > 50% comprised 77% and 1% of sources and contributed to 59% and 4% of the total measured emissions, respectively. We estimate total onsite methane emissions from 24 oil fields as 2.3 to 3.4 times the estimated rate by the current official lifecycle assessment model for California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard used for determining carbon intensity of crude oil production. These findings suggest that without considering direct observations of oil field methane super emitters, greenhouse gas emissions policy for the oil and gas sector is likely to underestimate emissions.
Outcomes of Periodontal Treatment in Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Kiruddu Referral Hospital in Uganda. A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kiryowa Haruna , Mwaka Erisa , Buwembo William , Munabi Ian , Rwenyonyi Charles , Kaddumukasa Mark
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Periodontitis is a common complication of diabetes mellitus associated with poor glycemic control. The relationship between periodontal disease and glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus remains unclear. This study set out to determine the outcomes of periodontal treatment in diabetic patients in Uganda. Methods: Using a cohort study design, 41 adult diabetic patients with periodontal disease were enrolled and followed up for 3 months. Fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin levels, pocketprobing depth, bleeding and clinical attachment loss at baseline and 3 months after periodontal treatment were determined. Gingival crevicular fluid was assessed to detect presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Data were analyzed using R version 4.10. Mean differences were calculated to determine effect of treatment and multiple logistic regressions was used to determine association between Hba1c and the different variables.Results: Of the41 participants, 61% were females while 39% were males. The average age was 49.2 years (S.D = 11.2)while the mean BM1 was 27.8 (S.D = 4.8). Overall, there was a reduction in the average number of teeth with bleeding sites, those with pockets and the frequencies of selected bacteria except Fusobacterium nucleatum at 3 months after periodontal treatment. Following periodontal treatment, 39% of the participants had an improvement in their glycemic control (mean HbA1c reduction of 1.86) with age < 47.1 years, diabetic duration less than 1.6 years, BM1< 27.7 and HBA1c >8.9 at baseline being positively associated with this improvement. Conclusion: Treating periodontal disease in diabetic patients especially those with HBA1c <9.0 can improve glycemic control. However, larger studies need to be conducted to ascertain why some patients fail to attain an improved metabolic control following this intervention.
Inner Wall Temperature Distribution Measurement of The Ladle Based on Cavity Effective Emissivity Correction
Authors: Liu Jun , Huang Yanhui , Ci Ying , Fang Jiangxiong , Yang Feng , Nobes David
Published: October 2021

Inner wall temperature of ladle is closely related to the quality of steelmaking and control of steel-making tapping temperature. This article adopts a rotating platform to drive an infrared temperature sensor and a laser sensor to scan the temperature field distribution of the ladle inner wall at the hot repair station, where the scanning laser sensor obtains coordinates of each measured point. Because of measuring errors of infrared thermal radiation caused by emissivity uncertainty of the ladle inner wall surface, this article proposes a method for temperature measurement based on Monte Carlo model for effective emissivity correction of each measured point. In the model, we consider the ladle and fire baffle as a cavity. By calculation of the model, the effect of distance from the fire baffle to the ladle and the material surface emissivity of the ladle inner wall on the effective emissivity of the cavity are obtained. After that, the effective emissivity of each measured point is determined. Then the scanning temperature of each measured point is corrected to real temperature. By field measuring test and verification contrast, the results show that: the maximum absolute error of the method in this article is 4.7℃, the minimum error is 0.6℃, and the average error is less than 2.8℃. The method in this article achieves high measurement accuracy and contributes to the control of metallurgical process based on temperature information.
Features of the Propagation of Microwave Radiation in a Freshwater Ice Cover
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleksandr A. Gurulev , Sergey V. Tsyrenzhapov ,   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yuriy V. Kharin ,   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vyacheslav A. Kazantsev ,   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

When scanning fresh ice cover in the microwave range at a frequency of 13 GHz, the transmitted radiation power was investigated at four linear polarizations (vertical, horizontal, and polarizations rotated at an angle of +-45) for a long period of time. The measurements were carried out on the ice cover of the lake. Arakhley (Transbaikal region) at a distance of 120 m from the coast in March 2021. We also measured the external parameters of the studied environment, namely, the temperature of the ice cover, meteorological parameters (wind speed, air temperature, pressure). The distance between the generator and the receiver of electromagnetic radiation was 40 meters. The orientation of the instruments is West-East. As a result, variations in the power of the transmitted microwave radiation were detected. These variations are related to the temperature deformations of the ice cover, which were recorded using a deformation sensor installed in the ice cover. Also revealed a feature that was observed earlier in the spring. This is a different temporal behavior of the first Stokes parameter, which is determined by the sum of the powers of two orthogonal polarizations, namely, the sum of the received signals at the vertical and horizontal polarizations, and the sum of the received signals of the two polarizations rotated at an angle of +45 and -45. This difference is also associated with temperature deformations of the fresh ice cover in the spring. Keywords: microwave range, fresh ice cover, Stokes parameters, temperature deformation
On the Law of Motion of the End of a Semi-Bounded String, Which Extinguishes Reflected Waves
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Svyatoslav Ye. Kholodovskii
Published: October 2021

The problem of oscillation of a semi-bounded string at a given initial perturbation '(x), when the left end of the string moves according to a given law f(t), is considered (t time). The solution of the problem is obtained in the final form for arbitrary functions '(x) and f(t). The direct, inverse and reflected from the end of the string wave components that make up the resulting waves are constructed. The influence of the function f(t) on the magnitude of the reflected waves is investigated. For an arbitrary initial perturbation of a string, the law of motion of its end is found, at which the reflected waves disappear. The relevance of the article is determined by a wide range of practical problems related to the vibrations of extended objects (bridges, beams, antennas), when the source of motion is an initial perturbation and a given external force applied to the end of the object.
On Solving Problems of Thermal Conductivity on an Anisotropic Plane with a Weakly Permeable Film
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Svyatoslav Ye. Kholodovskii , Aleksey O. Orlov ,   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

The problem of thermal conductivity on an anisotropic plane (x; y) divided into two halfplanes D1(1 < x < 0; y 2 R) and D2(0 < x < 1; y 2 R) by a weakly permeable film x = 0 is considered at given heat sources and a given initial temperature. The anisotropy ellipses are arbitrary (in magnitude and direction) and are the same at all points of the plane. Using the method of convolution of Fourier expansions, the solution of the problem is expressed in single quadratures through the well-known solution of the classical Cauchy problem on an isotropic plane without a film. The results obtained are of practical interest in the problems of heat propagation and conservation in materials with anisotropic properties (crystalline, fibrous materials), in the presence of a thermal insulation film.
Operating Parameters of Electric Pulse Activation for Internal Tapping-Screw Operations and its Justification
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Sergey Ya. Berezin
Published: October 2021

The processes of intensification of thread-cutting opera-tions by electric current have been known since the 70s of the last century. Internal threading operations are associated with the mechanism of plastic deformation, and, accordingly, with high values of forces and torques. This reduces the reliability of the process and requires additional measures to reduce power ten-sion. The use of the energy of short stimulating current pulses makes it possible to solve such problems due to the so-called electro-plastic effect (EPE). It is manifested due to additional stresses that cause an increase in the plasticity of metals in the presence of an electric potential and a temperature field in the de-formation center. At present, there is still no clear understanding of the phys-ical processes that determine the change in the VAT of a metal when an electric current is passed. The article presents an analysis of information in this area, which allows us to establish a number of physical phenomena, which are formed into three theories that explain the essence of EPE in metals: electron-dislocation interaction, joule heating, and magnetoplasticity. A description of experiments and equipment for electro-pulse stimulation of the threading operation is presented. The author offers a number of indicators that evaluate the possibilities of electric pulse action on the formation of internal threads when rolling threads, screwing thread-pressing parts, etc. A system of calculated coefficients evaluating the efficiency of the pulse current, its parameters and modes is established.
Methodological Foundations for the Information Competence Development of Future Teachers of Vocational Training
Authors:   Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Aleksandra H. Zhyeva
Published: October 2021

At the present stage of development of society and technologies, information in digital format acquires the status of capital and becomes the leading factor in the development of the state economy. Digitalization of education is a response to the need of the digital economy for competitive specialists. To ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of the digitalization strategy in the field of vocational education, providing the industry with labor personnel, a necessary condition is the presence of a high level of information competence of vocational training teachers. The professional activity of these specialists is of an integrative, practice-oriented nature, since it is aimed at preparing qualified workers and middle-level specialists for professional activity in various industries that are switching to the use of digital technologies today. The analysis of educational standards for the training of teachers of vocational training allowed the author of the article to establish the fragmentary and unclear requirements for the information competence of this specialist, which prevents its effective development in the process of studying at a university. Also, the analysis of educational standards in the areas corresponding to the profiles of training teachers of vocational training revealed higher industry requirements for the information competence of a teacher of vocational training. These contradictions make it necessary to develop the information competence of future teachers of vocational training in the process of specialized training and the development of appropriate technology. The solution of this problem has been started by the author with the substantiation of the methodological basis for the development of information competence of future teachers of vocational training. The article presents the author's definition of the information competence of a teacher of vocational training and its structural components. When determining the methodological basis for the development of information competence of future teachers of vocational training, the trends, patterns, principles and methodological approaches of this process are highlighted.
Increasing the Cognitive Activity of Students in Teaching Mathematics
Authors:   Buryat State University named after Dorzhi Banzarov, Valentina B. Tsyrenova , Natalya B. Lumbunova ,   Buryat Agricultural College named after M.N. Erbanov, Ekaterina P. Mironova ,   Buryat State University named after Dorzhi Banzarov
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the cognitive activity of students in the current environment of preparing future specialists in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of the Secondary Education and the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in teaching mathematical disciplines. The article shows that in the psychological-pedagogical literature cognitive activity is considered both as a personality trait and as a student's activity. The author's definitions of students' cognitive activity¿ and educational-cognitive activity of students¿ are formulated, their correlation is shown. The levels of formation of cognitive activity are highlighted: reproducing, interpreting, searching, and creative. A set of indicators of these levels has been formulated in accordance with the motivational, content-operational, value-volitional and evaluative components for didactic monitoring. The pedagogical conditions for the activation of students' cognitive activities in mathematical subjects have been established, which are the implementation of a differentiated approach and the application of pedagogical technologies, methods and techniques (the use of educational and technological maps, the technology of a portfolio of achievements, the propaedeutics of the professional competencies formation by means of mathematical problems, historical excursions, independent work of students), as well as didactic monitoring of cognitive activity. Experimental testing of pedagogical conditions has demonstrated a positive dynamics of changes in complex indicators of motivational, content-operational, value-volitional and evaluative components. The research results can be used in teaching mathematical subjects in higher educational establishments and specialized secondary-education institutions.students'
Innovative Economic and Managerial Activity of the Engineer: Essence and Tasks of Formation
Authors:   Donbass State Technical Institute, Elena A. Boyko
Published: October 2021

The need for accelerated innovative development of the country, the transition to hightech production entails the modernization of engineering education, the formation of the future engineers' ability to innovate. The analysis shows that one of the reasons for the decline in the pace of innovative development is the insufficient economic and organizational and managerial training of future engineers. This prevents engineers from making a business case for new technology solutions and identifying their potential commercial and social impact at the initial design stage. The author points out that, regulated as a mandatory, organizational and managerial type of engineering activity, the requirements of educational standards are reflected in an aspect, which leads to the imperfection of organizational and managerial training of future engineers. At the same time, the tasks of innovation of the engineer in terms of economy and management are much wider than the content of organizational and management activities. This makes it necessary to expand the requirements of educational standards for the economic and management activities of an engineer and introduce this type of activity instead of organizational and managerial. This proposal is based on the domestic traditions of integrated and interdisciplinary engineering training, which today need to be rethought taking into account accelerated scientific and technological progress and effective foreign practice of preparing future engineers for innovation. Based on the analysis and the identified economic and management actions of the engineer in the process of innovation implementation, the author's understanding of the essence of innovative economic and management activities of the engineer as a result of his indepth economic training is proposed. The results of the study will make it possible to determine the essence and structure of the readiness of future engineers for innovative economic and management activities, as well as to develop theoretical and methodological foundations for its formation in the process of professional training of students in engineering and technical specialties.
New species, synonymies, combinations, and records of micropterous Athetini from China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: Assing Volker
Published: October 2021

Two micropterous and locally endemic species of Bellatheta Roubal, 1928 and four of Atheta Thomson, 1858, subgenus Microdota Mulsant & Rey, 1873, from China are described and illustrated: Bellatheta qiliana spec. nov. (Qinghai, Gansu); B. aucticeps spec. nov. (Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan); Atheta (Microdota) clarata spec. nov. (Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan); A. (M.) minica spec. nov. (Sichuan: Songpan env.); A. (M.) qinlingica spec. nov. (Shaanxi: Qinling Shan); A. (M.) biformis spec. nov. (Gaoligong Shan). New illustrations are provided for two previously described Microdota species. One genus-group and one species-group synonymy are proposed: Bellatheta Roubal, 1928 = Oroekklina Pace, 1999, syn. nov.; Atheta (Microdota) amischoides Assing, 2006 = A. (M.) wuliangensis Pace, 2017, syn. nov. Five new combinations are proposed: Bellatheta daxuensis (Pace, 1999), comb. nov., B. excaecata (Assing, 2009), comb. nov., B. proiecta (Assing, 2002), comb. nov., B. smetanai (Pace, 2004), comb. nov. (all of them previously in Oroekklina), and Franzidota geostiboides (Assing, 2011), comb. nov. (ex Platyola Mulsant & Rey, 1875). Additional records of two species of Bellatheta and of five species of Microdota are reported from China. Catalogues of the Bellatheta species and the micropterous Microdota species recorded from China are provided. Including the new species and synonymies, 15 species of Bellatheta, seven of them micropterous, and 85 of Microdota, 19 of them micropterous, have been reported from China. The Microdota fauna of Taiwan is composed of 13 species, four of them micropterous. The distributions of the micropterous Bellatheta species of China are mapped.

Taxonomic acts

Bellatheta qiliana spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F391FF78-2A4B-4BEA-BB85-85AC8E30FE70Bellatheta aucticeps spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1A3E6AAA-2C3C-44B8-A911-4F1246774075Atheta clarata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EE3C4E47-FEAB-413A-81C7-A063529A5235Atheta minica spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E325AF25-C1DD-441C-B7D5-AB2ACF109581Atheta qinlingica spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1590B986-DE95-458C-AFE3-71CC51AB4106Atheta biformis spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:30A8940E-5B8A-4E27-997F-777E8FFF3E80
CLIMATE CHANGE A REPERCUSSION OF HUMAN INDUCED SYSTEMS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department Of Chemistry, Christ Church College, Kanpur., Chand Shweta
Published: October 2021

Climate change includes both the global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases, and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the mid-20th century, humans have had unprecedented impact on Earths climate system and caused change on a global scale.The largest driver of warming is the emission of greenhouse gases, of which more than 90% are carbon dioxide and methane. Fossil fuel burning (coal, oil, and gas) for energy consumption is the main source of these emissions, with additional contributions from agriculture, deforestation, and industrial processes. The human cause of climate change is not disputed by any scientific body of national or international standing. Temperature rise is accelerated or tempered by climate feedbacks, such as loss of sunlight-reflecting snow and ice cover, increased water vapour (a greenhouse gas itself), and changes to land and ocean carbon sinks.Temperature rise on land is about twice the global average increase, leading to desert expansion and more common heat waves and wildfires. Increasing rates of evaporation cause more intense storms and weather extremes. Temperature rise is amplified in the Arctic, where it has contributed to melting permafrost and the retreat of glaciers and sea ice. Additional warming also increases the risk of triggering critical thresholds called tipping points. Impacts on ecosystems include the relocation or extinction of many species as their environment changes, most immediately in coral reefs, mountains, and the Arctic. Human impacts include undernutrition and hunger from reduced crop yields, declining fish stocks, increases in vector-borne diseases, potentially severe economic impacts, increased global economic inequality, more people living in uninhabitable climate zones, and increased migration.Effects such as these have led the World Health Organization to declare climate change the greatest threat to global health in the 21st century. Even if efforts to minimize future warming are successful, some effects will continue for centuries, including rising sea levels, rising ocean temperatures, and ocean acidification.
ESPACE BOISE DE LECOFERME DE LOKOLI (SINEMATIALI, NORD DE LA COTE DIVOIRE) : UN CAS DE COMPENSATION ECOLOGIQUE
Authors:   Departement de Biologie Vegetale, UFR Sciences Biologiques, Universite Peleforo Gbon Coulibaly, BP 1328 Korhogo (Cote dIvoire)., Adama Silue Pagadjovongo , Arsene Dieudonne Koffi Kouadio ,   Laboratoire de Milieux Naturels et Conservation de la biodiversite, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix HouphouÃ«t-Boigny 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22 (Cote dIvoire)., Edouard Kouassi Konan ,   Laboratoire de Milieux Naturels et Conservation de la biodiversite, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix HouphouÃ«t-Boigny 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22 (Cote dIvoire).,   West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use/Centre dExcellence Africain sur le Changement Climatique, la Biodiversite et lAgriculture Durable., Abell Mike Kouakou Amani ,   Laboratoire de Milieux Naturels et Conservation de la biodiversite, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix HouphouÃ«t-Boigny 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22 (Cote dIvoire).
Published: October 2021

When ecosystems are well managed, they are carbon sinks. The objective of this study is to know the state of the plant biodiversity of the wooded area of the Lokoli Ecofarm and its contribution to the regulation of the climatic regime, with a view to better conservation decision-making.A floristic inventory made it possible to determine the diversity and the floristic composition of the ligneous plants in the different Ecofarm habitats. Dendrometric measurements were carried out to determine the structural profile and the sequestered carbon stock of each habitat. The floristic study made it possible to identify 63 woody species divided into 251 classified into 22 families. The open forest has proven to be the richest in species and the most diverse. The structure in diameter classes reveals that the different biotopes are dominated by young tree stems, with a strong tendency to regenerate. The amount of carbon contained in the total biomass was found to be greater in the fallow (8.87 t / ha) than in the open forest (6.53 t / ha) and savannah (6.88 t / ha). The sequestered atmospheric carbon is estimated at 108.98 t / ha in total, for an economic value varying from 27,799.34 to 124,279.41 euros depending on the different carbon markets. In addition, this study showed that fallow significantly contributes to increasing the carbon sequestration potential of the Ecofarm.
DESIGN TRACEABILITY FOR INDONESIA AGRICULTURAL SUPPLY CHAIN BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN (CASE STUDY IN CHILLI COMMODITIES)
Authors:   Research Scholar Muhammadiyah University of Jakarta, Industrial Engineering Departement, Jakarta, Indonesia., Marfuah Umi , Arkeman Yandra ,   ProfesorDepartment of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia., a Machfud ,   ProfesorDepartment of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia., Yuliasih Indah ,   ProfesorDepartment of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.
Published: October 2021

Indonesians are the worlds largest chilli enthusiasts, mostly consuming fresh chilli. Because of chilli products generally perishable characteristics, its price has become unstable.The growing number of agricultural safety and risk issues has revealed a substantial need for an effective traceability solution, which serves as an essential agricultural supply chain method to ensure adequate product safety. Blockchain is the technology that disrupts goods in supply chains of agriculture and offers a revolutionary solution for their traceability. Today, farm supply chains are a dynamic ecosystem with multiple stakeholders, making it difficult to verify a range of main parameters, including the country of origin, stage in crop production, quality compliance, and yield monitoring. This paper suggests using the Ethereum blockchain and intelligent contracts to monitor and traceability operations across the agricultural supply chain effectively. Our proposed solutions remove the need for trustworthy centralized subjects, intermediaries, transaction records, performance, and security enhancements that are highly integral, accurate, and stable. The approach suggested focuses on using intelligent agreements to monitor and manage all communications and transactions between all actors in the supply chains ecosystem. All transactions are registered in the immutable blockchain lead with connections to a decentralized system (IPFS), ensuring the ecosystem is safe, confident, reliable and booming for everyones high degree of transparency and traceability.
MESOTAURODONTIC PRIMARY SECOND MOLARS: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital Cuttack - 753007, India., U. Deepika , Mahakur Manoranjan ,   Senior Resident, Dept of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital Cuttack - 753007, India., D.T Chemmalar ,   Senior Resident, Dept of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital Cuttack - 753007, India., Chopra Kanika ,   Post Garduate Student,Dept of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital Cuttack - 753007, India., Das Sarita ,   Post Garduate Student,Dept of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital Cuttack - 753007, India., Renu Baliar Singh Ratna ,   Professor, Dept of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital Cuttack - 753007, India.
Published: October 2021

The prevalence rate of taurodontismis variable in both adults and children,approximately 0.5-46% and 0.3%. Based on the displacement of the pulpal floor, the taurodontic teeth are classified by Shawashypotaurodontic, mesotaurodontic, and hypertaurodontic. According to Seow and Lai, taurodontic teeth werealso classified using a biometric method. A tooth with a Crown Body and Root ratio of >1.10 was categorised as taurodontic. Endodontic treatment of taurodontic teeth is a difficult task. This article discloses, a 5-year-old child with a bilateral Mesotaurodontic primary second molar.