bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRISPR-mediated editing of β-lactoglobulin (BLG) gene in buffalo
Authors: Tara Aseem , Singh Priyanka , Gautam Devika , Tripathi Gaurav , Uppal Chirag , Malhotra Shreya , De Sacchinandan , Singh Manoj K. , Telugu Bhanu P. , Selokar Naresh L.
Published: June 2024

Milk is a good source of nutrition but is also a source of allergenic proteins such as α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin (BLG), casein, and immunoglobulins. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas technology has the potential to edit any gene, including milk allergens. Previously, CRISPR/Cas has been successfully employed in dairy cows and goats, but buffaloes remain unexplored for any milk trait. In this study, we utilized the CRISPR/Cas9 system to edit the major milk allergen BLG gene in buffaloes. First, the editing efficiency of designed sgRNAs was tested in fibroblast cells using the T7E assay and Sanger sequencing. The most effective sgRNA was selected to generate clonal lines of BLG-edited cells. Analysis of 15 single-cell clones, through TA cloning and Sanger sequencing, revealed that 7 clones exhibited bi-allelic (−/−) heterozygous, bi-allelic (−/−) homozygous, and mono-allelic (−/+) disruptions in BLG. Bioinformatics prediction analysis confirmed that non-multiple-of-3 edited nucleotide cell clones have frame shifts and early truncation of BLG protein, while multiple-of-3 edited nucleotides resulted in slightly disoriented protein structures. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) method was used to produce blastocyst-stage embryos that have similar developmental rates and quality with wild-type embryos. This study demonstrated the successful bi-allelic editing (−/−) of BLG in buffalo cells through CRISPR/Cas, followed by the production of BLG-edited blastocyst stage embryos using SCNT. With CRISPR and SCNT methods described herein, our long-term goal is to generate gene-edited buffaloes with BLG-free milk.
Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and long-term outcomes of new diabetes diagnosis in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Xue Zheng-Kai , Dai Xin-Ya , Ren Jia-Yi , Liu Tong , Zhang Yu-Kun , Hu Su-Tao , Wang Peng , Wu Xue , Zhang Jing-Kun , Tse Gary , Park Soohyung , Choi Cheol-Ung , Choi Byoung-Geol , Rha Seung-Woon , Chen Kang-Yin
Published: June 2024

Previous studies have reported associations between newly diagnosed diabetes and poor outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but there is limited data focusing on elderly patients (age ≥ 65). This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and clinical implications of newly diagnosed diabetes in elderly patients who underwent PCI. From 2004 to 2021, a total of 2456 elderly patients who underwent invasive PCI at Korea University Guro Hospital were prospectively enrolled and followed up for a median of five years. The primary endpoint was five-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Cox regression was used to evaluate whether newly diagnosed diabetes impacted on long-term clinical outcomes. Newly diagnosed diabetes was presented in approximately 8.1% to 10.9% of elderly patients who underwent PCI. Those who had a new diagnosis of diabetes had a higher risk of MACE than previously known diabetes (25.28% vs. 19.15%, p = 0.039). After adjusting for significant factors, newly diagnosed diabetes remained an independent predictor of MACE (HR [hazard ratio] 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–2.17, p < 0.001), cardiac death (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.29–3.59, p = 0.003) and repeat revascularization (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.09–2.11, p = 0.013), but not for non-fatal myocardial infarction (HR 1.66, 95% CI 0.94–2.12, p = 0.081). Newly diagnosed diabetes was associated with an increased risk of 5-year MACE compared with non-diabetes and previously diagnosed diabetes in elderly patients underwent PCI. More attention should be given to those elderly newly diagnosed diabetes population.
The extent of postpartum cardiac reverse remodeling is reflected in urine proteome
Authors: Ferreira Ana F. , Trindade Fábio , Azevedo Maria J. , Morais Juliana , Douché Thibaut , Diaz Sílvia O. , Saraiva Francisca A. , Sousa Carla , Machado Ana P. , Matondo Mariette , Leite-Moreira Adelino , Ramalho Carla , Vitorino Rui , Falcão-Pires Inês , Barros António S.
Published: June 2024

The association of postpartum cardiac reverse remodeling (RR) with urinary proteome, particularly in pregnant women with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors who show long-term increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality is unknown. We aim to profile the urinary proteome in pregnant women with/without CV risk factors to identify proteins associated with postpartum RR. Our study included a prospective cohort of 32 healthy and 27 obese and/or hypertensive and/or diabetic pregnant women who underwent transthoracic echocardiography, pulse-wave-velocity, and urine collection at the 3rd trimester and 6 months postpartum. Shotgun HPLC–MS/MS profiled proteins. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to identify associations between urinary proteins and left ventricle mass (LVM), a surrogate of RR. An increase in arterial stiffness was documented from 3rd trimester to 6 months after delivery, being significantly elevated in women with CV risk factors. In addition, the presence of at least one CV risk factor was associated with worse LVM RR. We identified 6 and 11 proteins associated with high and low LVM regression, respectively. These proteins were functionally linked with insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport and uptake regulation by IGF binding-proteins, platelet activation, signaling and aggregation and the immune system’s activity. The concentration of IGF-1 in urine samples was associated with low LVM regression after delivery. Urinary proteome showed a predicting potential for identifying pregnant women with incomplete postpartum RR.
Safety and efficacy of interventional embolization in cirrhotic patients with refractory hepatic encephalopathy associated with spontaneous portosystemic shunts
Authors: Ke Qiao , He Jian , Cai Linsheng , Lei Xiaojuan , Huang Xinhui , Li Ling , Liu Jingfeng , Guo Wuhua
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of interventional embolization in cirrhotic patients with refractory hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with large spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was employed to minimize potential bias. A total of 123 patients were included in this study (34 in the embolization group and 89 in the control group). In the unadjusted cohort, the embolization group demonstrated significantly better liver function, a larger total area of SPSS, and a higher percentage of patients with serum ammonia levels > 60 µmol/L and the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (all P < 0.05). In the IPTW cohort, baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Patients in the embolization group exhibited significantly longer HE-free survival compared to the control group in both the unadjusted and IPTW cohorts (both P < 0.05). Subsequent subgroup analyses indicated that patients with serum ammonia level > 60 μmol/L, hepatopetal flow within the portal trunk, the presence of solitary SPSS, a baseline HE grade of II, and the absence of HCC at baseline showed statistically significant benefit from embolization treatment (all P < 0.05). No early procedural complications were observed in the embolization group. The incidence of long-term postoperative complications was comparable to that in the control group (all P > 0.05). Hence, interventional embolization appears to be a safe and effective treatment modality for cirrhotic patients with refractory HE associated with large SPSS. However, the benefits of embolization were discernible only in a specific subset of patients.
Safety evaluation method of bottom coal thickness in thick coal seam roadway
Authors: Tan Yunliang , Song Shilin , Zhang Xiufeng , Liu Xuesheng
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the number of roadway floor rock burst accidents is increasing, which seriously restricts the safe production of the mine. Therefore, safety evaluation method of bottom coal thickness in thick coal seam roadway was studied. The research results shown that the stress concentration area of composite floor is distributed in coal seam or rock stratum with large elastic modulus. With the increase of floor rock strength, the stress of coal-rock composite floor increased gradually, but the displacement and energy decreased gradually. When floor rock strength was equal to bottom coal strength, the increase of floor stress and displacement with the change of bottom coal thickness was the smallest, which was 34.29% and 33.61% respectively. The elastic strain energy decreased from 14.58 to 9.85%. With the increase of bottom coal thickness, the stress and displacement of coal-rock composite floor increased first and then decreased, and the elastic strain energy decreased gradually. It puts forward the safety evaluation method of bottom coal thickness: floor failure depth → reasonable thickness of bottom coal → safety thickness of bottom coal. It can provide reference for design of roadway bottom coal retention and surrounding rock control in thick coal seam face.
Spontaneous rates exhibit high intra-individual stability across movements involving different biomechanical systems and cognitive demands
Authors: Engler Ben H. , Zamm Anna , Møller Cecilie
Published: June 2024

Spontaneous rhythmic movements are part of everyday life, e.g., in walking, clapping or music making. Humans perform such spontaneous motor actions at different rates that reflect specific biomechanical constraints of the effector system in use. However, there is some evidence for intra-individual consistency of specific spontaneous rates arguably resulting from common underlying processes. Additionally, individual and contextual factors such as musicianship and circadian rhythms have been suggested to influence spontaneous rates. This study investigated the relative contributions of these factors and provides a comprehensive picture of rates among different spontaneous motor behaviors, i.e., melody production, walking, clapping, tapping with and without sound production, the latter measured online before and in the lab. Participants (n = 60) exhibited high intra-individual stability across tasks. Task-related influences included faster tempi for spontaneous production rates of music and wider ranges of spontaneous motor tempi (SMT) and clapping rates compared to walking and music making rates. Moreover, musicians exhibited slower spontaneous rates across tasks, yet we found no influence of time of day on SMT as measured online in pre-lab sessions. Tapping behavior was similar in pre-lab and in-lab sessions, validating the use of online SMT assessments. Together, the prominent role of individual factors and high stability across domains support the idea that different spontaneous motor behaviors are influenced by common underlying processes.
A multi-center study on the adaptability of a shared foundation model for electronic health records
Authors: Guo Lin Lawrence , Fries Jason , Steinberg Ethan , Fleming Scott Lanyon , Morse Keith , Aftandilian Catherine , Posada Jose , Shah Nigam , Sung Lillian
Published: June 2024

Foundation models are transforming artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare by providing modular components adaptable for various downstream tasks, making AI development more scalable and cost-effective. Foundation models for structured electronic health records (EHR), trained on coded medical records from millions of patients, demonstrated benefits including increased performance with fewer training labels, and improved robustness to distribution shifts. However, questions remain on the feasibility of sharing these models across hospitals and their performance in local tasks. This multi-center study examined the adaptability of a publicly accessible structured EHR foundation model (FMSM), trained on 2.57 M patient records from Stanford Medicine. Experiments used EHR data from The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) and Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV). We assessed both adaptability via continued pretraining on local data, and task adaptability compared to baselines of locally training models from scratch, including a local foundation model. Evaluations on 8 clinical prediction tasks showed that adapting the off-the-shelf FMSMmatched the performance of gradient boosting machines (GBM) locally trained on all data while providing a 13% improvement in settings with few task-specific training labels. Continued pretraining on local data showed FMSMrequired fewer than 1% of training examples to match the fully trained GBM’s performance, and was 60 to 90% more sample-efficient than training local foundation models from scratch. Our findings demonstrate that adapting EHR foundation models across hospitals provides improved prediction performance at less cost, underscoring the utility of base foundation models as modular components to streamline the development of healthcare AI.
Optimization of electric charging infrastructure: integrated model for routing and charging coordination with power-aware operations
Authors: Sayarshad Hamid R.
Published: June 2024

With the increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), optimizing charging operations has become imperative to ensure efficient and sustainable mobility. This study proposes an optimization model for the charging and routing of electric vehicles between Origin-Destination (OD) demands. The objective is to develop an efficient and reliable charging plan that ensures the successful completion of trips while considering the limited range and charging requirements of electric vehicles. This paper presents an integrated model for optimizing electric vehicle (EV) charging operations, considering additional factors of setup time, charging time, bidding price estimation, and power availability from three sources: the electricity grid, solar energy, and wind energy. One crucial aspect addressed by the model is the estimation of bidding prices for both day-ahead and intra-day electricity markets. The model also considers the total power availability from the electricity grid, solar energy, and wind energy. The alignment of charging operations with the capacity of the grid and prevailing bidding prices is essential.This ensures that the charging process is optimized and can effectively adapt to the available grid capacity and market conditions. The utilization of renewable energies led to a 42% decrease in the electricity storage capacity available in batteries at charging stations. Furthermore, this integration leads to a substantial cost reduction of approximately 69% compared to scenarios where renewable energy is not utilized. Hence, the proposed model can design renewable energy systems based on the required electricity capacity at charging stations. These findings highlight the compelling financial advantages associated with the adoption of sustainable power sources.
Insights into the catalytic properties of 4,3-α-glucanotransferase to guide the biofabrication of α-glucans with low digestibility
Authors: Yang Yuqi , Sun Yujing , Zhang Tao , Hamaker Bruce R. , Miao Ming
Published: June 2024

4,3-α-Glucanotransferase exhibits a strong affinity and catalytic efficiency for long linear starch chains. By using maltodextrin (DE 2) as the substrate, α-glucan with a low digestibility (43.2%) was obtained.
Comprehensive assessment of clean-up strategies for optimizing an analytical multi-method to determine pesticides and mycotoxins in Brazilian medicinal herbs using QuEChERS-LC-TQ-MS/MS
Authors: Zorzella Fontana Marlos Eduardo , Caiel da Silva Rosselei , Duarte dos Santos Ingrid , Neu Júlia Paula , Wouters Robson Dias , Babinski Paola Jennifer , Hoffmann Jessica Fernanda , Rossi Rochele Cassanta , Essi Liliana , Pizzutti Ionara Regina
Published: June 2024

An optimized and validated multi-method for simultaneous determination of pesticides and mycotoxins in medicinal plants represents a valuable tool for government monitoring programs, thus helping to establish MRL and risk assessment procedures.
Inverse opals with reactive surface chemistry as sensors for aqueous pollutants
Authors: Magnabosco Giulia , Ochs Maria , Bonakdar Natalie , Czerwenka Laura , Andrieu-Brunsen Annette , Vogel Nicolas
Published: June 2024

Colorimetric sensors detect aqueous pollutants by wettability changes triggered by the selective binding to a reactive surface chemistry.
Unique electronic and optical properties of stacking-modulated bilayer graphene under external magnetic fields
Authors: Lin Chiun-Yan , Weng Da-We , Chiu Chih-Wei , Gumbs Godfrey
Published: June 2024

Schematic of stacking-modulated bilayer graphene: (a) unit cell with AB/DW/BA/DW configuration and (b) unique Landau subbands observed with DWs (α and β) and pristine without DWs.
Thermostable fatty acid hydroxylases from ancestral reconstruction of cytochrome P450 family 4 enzymes
Authors: Harris Kurt L. , Zhang Yichi , Yang Jade , Zeigler Maxwell B. , Thomson Raine E. S. , Carrera-Pacheco Saskya E. , Russell Drake , Okada Shoko , Strohmaier Silja J. , Gumulya Yosephine , Scott Colin , Totah Rheem A. , Gillam Elizabeth M. J.
Published: June 2024

Ancestral sequence reconstruction can be used to obtain highly thermostable catalysts of fatty acid hydroxylation.
A surface-to-bulk tuning deep delithiation strategy for 5C fast-charging 4.6 V LiCoO2
Authors: Bi Zhihong , Yi Zonglin , Zhang Anping , Dong Cong , Wang Gongrui , Xie Lijing , Liao Shihao , Liu Hanqing , Chen Chengmeng , Wu Zhong-Shuai
Published: June 2024

Integrated structural regulation from the bulk to the surface enables deep delithiation and stable 5C long cycling of 4.6 V LiCoO2 for extremely fast charging.
Characterisation of pancreatic lipase inhibitors from Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis
Authors: Toy Joanne Yi Hui , Lim Yu Yan , Shalash Habiba , Huang Dejian
Published: June 2024

Galactolipid monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) from Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis shows promise as an anti-obesity agent by inhibiting pancreatic lipase and delaying fat digestion.
Development of a solvent sustainability guide for the paints and coatings industry
Authors: Pilon Laura , Day Daniel , Maslen Harry , Stevens Oliver P. J. , Carslaw Nicola , Shaw David R. , Sneddon Helen F.
Published: June 2024

A guide has been developed, highlighting various sustainability criteria of solvents used in the paints and coatings industry.
Novel diacid–superbase ionic liquids for efficient dissolution of cellulose and simultaneous preparation of multifunctional cellulose materials
Authors: Zhang Long , Zhan Boxiang , He Yapeng , Deng Yongqi , Ji Haiyuan , Peng Shen , Yan Lifeng
Published: June 2024

Green and sustainable cellulose-based materials are of increasing interest to researchers due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution.
Breaking boundaries in microbiology: customizable nanoparticles transforming microbial detection
Authors: P A Aboobacker , Ragunathan Latha , Sanjeevi Thiyagarajan , Sasi Aravind C. , Kanniyan Kavitha , Yadav Richa , Sambandam Ravikumar
Published: June 2024

The detection and identification of microorganisms are crucial in microbiology laboratories.
The influence of drying routes on the properties of anisotropic all-cellulose composite foams from post-consumer cotton clothing
Authors: Schiele Carina , Ruiz-Caldas Maria-Ximena , Wu Tingting , Nocerino Elisabetta , Åhl Agnes , Mathew Aji P. , Nyström Gustav , Bergström Lennart , Apostolopoulou-Kalkavoura Varvara
Published: June 2024

Textile cellulose nanocrystals and wood cellulose nanofibrils are used to prepare foams by freeze drying or supercritical drying. The drying route impacts the foam structure and properties paving the way to tailor foams depending on the application.
Size onset of metallic behavior in neutral aluminum clusters
Authors: Rotteger Chase H. , Jarman Carter K. , Sutton Shaun F. , Sayres Scott G.
Published: June 2024

The excited state lifetimes of neutral (Al)n clusters up to ∼1 nm in diameter in size, where n ≤ 43, are systematically measured with femtosecond time-resolved mass spectrometry.
Quantitative and equipment-free paper-based agglutination assay of bacterial cells
Authors: Al-Tamimi Mohammad , Altarawneh Shahed , Mustafa Minas A. , El-sallaq Mariam , Shihab Penelope
Published: June 2024

A simple, quantitative, equipment-free, paper-based point-of-care (POC) assays that report results as text/numbers are useful for bedside/home applications, emergencies, frequent follow-ups, and resource-limited areas.
Unveiling the influence of end-capped acceptors modification on photovoltaic properties of non-fullerene fused ring compounds: a DFT/TD-DFT study
Authors: Khalid Muhammad , Fatima Noor , Arshad Muhammad , Adeel Muhammad , Braga Ataualpa A. C. , Ahamad Tansir
Published: June 2024

Herein, unique A–D–A configuration-based molecules (NBD1–NBD7) were designed from the reference compound (NBR) by utilizing the end-capped acceptor modification approach.
Micropatterned superhydrophobic meshes coated with low-cost carbon nanoparticles for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Qasim Muhammad , Ali Asghar , Alnaser Ali
Published: June 2024

Superhydrophobic mesh with handle soot coating and femtosecond laser structuring.
La-doped MIL-88B(Fe)–NH2: a mixed-metal–organic framework photocatalyst for highly efficient reduction of Cr(vi) in an aqueous solution
Authors: Dang Thi Minh Hue , Hoang Thi Linh Giang , Huynh Chinh Dang , Nguyen Thi Hoai Phuong , La Duc D.
Published: June 2024

A novel method to fabricate La-doped MIL-88B(Fe)–NH2 mixed-metal–organic frameworks is reported. The prepared rare earth-doped MOFs show remarkable photocatalytic performance for the removal of Cr(vi) in aqueous media.
Copper–Vit B3 MOF preparation, characterization and catalytic evaluation in a one-pot synthesis of benzoxanthenones with docking validation as anti H. pylori
Authors: Al-Wasidi Asma S. , Tarek Mahmoud , Said Gehad E. , Naglah Ahmed M. , Almehizia Abdulrahman A. , Khatab Tamer K.
Published: June 2024

Copper–Vit B3 metal–organic framework was utilized as a nano-catalyst in the one-pot synthesis of some new benzoxanthenones. Synthesized compounds undergo docking validation as anti H. pylori.
Unlocking the chemical environment of nitrogen in perovskite-type oxides
Authors: Shimizu Shunsuke , Yoshii Takeharu , Nishikawa Ginga , Wang Jingwen , Yin Shu , Kobayashi Eiichi , Nishihara Hirotomo
Published: June 2024

Advanced vacuum temperature-programmed desorption up to 1600 °C can be used for precise quantification and chemical speciation of nitrogen species in perovskite-type oxides at the bulk level, complementing the surface-sensitive XPS techniques.
Selective oxygen reduction reaction: mechanism understanding, catalyst design and practical application
Authors: Li Shilong , Shi Lei , Guo Yingjie , Wang Jingyang , Liu Di , Zhao Shenlong
Published: June 2024

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in catalyst design, characterization techniques, and device applications of the oxygen reduction reaction.
Divergent total syntheses of pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids enabled by the development of a Larock/Buchwald–Hartwig annulation/cyclization
Authors: Rezgui Samir P. , Farhi Jonathan , Yu Hao , Sercel Zachary P. , Virgil Scott C. , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: June 2024

Herein, we report a novel approach to pyrroloiminoquinones which was enabled by the development of a Larock/Buchwald–Hartwig annulation/cyclization cascade to rapidly construct the core, which was further elaborated to 5 of these natural products.
Multiphoton tandem photoredox catalysis of [Ir(dFCF3ppy)2(dtbbpy)]+ facilitating radical acylation reactions
Authors: Lin Zhicong , Zhou Qian , Liu Yan , Chen Chenli , Jie Jialong , Su Hongmei
Published: June 2024

Rather than a single-photon cycle, a multiphoton tandem photoredox catalysis mechanism is found to be responsible for the [Ir(dFCF3ppy)2(dtbbpy)]+ photocatalytic α-keto acids radical acylation reactions.
Research on image scaling algorithm for granular image detection
Authors: Yang Lirong , Sun Cong
Published: June 2024

In order to improve the accuracy of granular image detection during image scaling, an image scaling algorithm combining the interpolation algorithm of protective features and Kalman filtering of neurons is proposed. Firstly, the interpolation algorithm of protective features is de‐designed according to the phenomenon of sudden change of edge grey values, and the difference and trend of grey values in horizontal and vertical directions are used to obtain the pre‐scaled image with maximum contrast. Then the grey value data input of the pre‐scaled image is introduced into the Kalman filter of neurons, and the filtering process is optimized by using the black‐box thinking of neurons, and the pre‐scaled image is smoothed. Finally, the scale transformation is implemented to obtain the final grey value to complete the final scaling, so that the image has both visual experience and features. Comparison with mainstream image scaling algorithms shows that the proposed algorithm can effectively overcome the degradation of granularity image detection accuracy due to image scaling, with point acutance value (PAV) improved by 10%–41%, and the granularity detection error caused by image scaling algorithms reduced from about 0.7% to about 0.1%, with a relative improvement of 85%.
New method of colour image encryption using triple chaotic maps
Authors: Hosny Khalid M. , Elnabawy Yasmin M. , Elshewey Ahmed M. , Alhammad Sarah M. , Khafaga Doaa Sami , Salama Rania
Published: June 2024

A new image encryption algorithm based on the triple chaotic maps is proposed to deal with the issues of inadequate security and low encryption efficiency. Coloured images consist of three linked channels used in the scheme. This method uses different keys to break the correlations between adjacent pixels in each channel. The triple chaotic maps are Lorenz, 2D‐Logistic, and Henon. First, the plain image is split into RGB channels to encrypt each channel separately. Second, the triple chaotic maps generate two groups of keys. The first group of keys performs a pixel permutation, resulting in scrambled channels used as input for the following step. Finally, the second group of keys is used to diffuse the scrambled channels independently, resulting in diffused channels, which are then merged to obtain a cipher image. The triple chaotic maps of different orders generate the cipher image with great unpredictability and security. The security is evaluated using various measures. The results demonstrated a high level of security attained by successfully encrypting coloured images. Recent encryption algorithms are compared in terms of entropy, correlation coefficients, and attack robustness. The proposed method provided outstanding security and outperformed existing image encryption algorithms.
LRPS‐GCN: A millimeter wave sparse imaging algorithm based on graph signal
Authors: Che Li , Wu Yongman , Jiang Liubing , Mu Yujie
Published: June 2024

Aiming at the problems of slow speed and poor accuracy of traditional millimeter wave sparse imaging, a sparse imaging algorithm based on graph convolution model is proposed from the perspective of sparse signal recovery. The graph signal model is constructed by combining the low‐rank and piecewise smoothing(LRPS) regular terms, based on which the proximal operator is replaced by the denoising graph convolution network, and the graph convolution sparse reconstruction network LRPS‐GCN is constructed, and the recovered target image is obtained by iterating with the optimal non‐linear sparse variation. For the proposed algorithm, simulation experiments are carried out using synthetic datasets under different target densities, iteration times and noise environments, and compared with the traditional graph signal reconstruction algorithm and the deep compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm, and then use the measured data with varying degrees of sparsity to validate. The experimental results show that the reconstructed images by this algorithm have better performance in terms of normalised mean square error, target to background ratio, reconstruction time and memory usage.
Ectopic Intrasphenoidal Growth Hormone Releasing Pituitary Adenoma Associated with an Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Cifuentes-Lobelo Hernando , Castañeda-Duarte Marcelo A. , Ruiz-Diaz Diego , Cortes-Lozano William
Published: June 2024

Pituitary adenomas are a type of of the most frequent intracranial tumors. These tumors can extend outside the sella, but very rarely originate ectopically to the sellar region. A 71-year-old patient presented to our institution, with prior clinical history of noncontrolled arterial hypertension and new-onset high-intensity pulsatile headache. Upon suspicion of a hypertensive emergency with probable brain compromise, a nonenhanced computed tomography of the head was performed. A mass within the sphenoid sinus was found. Endocrinological workup demonstrated a significant elevation of the growth hormone. As an incidental finding, a brain aneurysm was evidenced, which was treated endovascularly prior to the mass treatment. Subsequently, the patient successfully underwent a gross total resection through an endonasal transsphenoidal approach. Histopathological results were consistent with a pituitary ectopic adenoma. A postoperative improvement in levels of somatomedin C was documented postoperatively.
Arthroscopic Long Digital Extensor Tenodesis: Technique and Outcome in a Dog
Authors: Lotsikas Peter J.
Published: June 2024

Avulsion of the long digital extensor (LDE) tendon is an uncommon cause of pelvic limb lameness in the dog. Surgical exploration is recommended with reattachment of the tendon and the avulsed fragment of bone using a small screw in lag fashion. In more chronic cases, the bone fragment can be removed, and the tendon attached by suture or staple to the proximolateral tibia. Arthroscopic tenodesis of the LDE has not been previously reported in the literature. A 6-year-old male neutered Labrador Retriever was presented for evaluation of a left pelvic limb lameness that was localized to the stifle. Avulsion of the LDE tendon was diagnosed based on palpation and radiographs. Arthroscopic assessment of the joint was performed. The origin of the LDE was freed with the use of a mechanical 3.0-mm shaver and an arthroscopic punch. The freed end was then exteriorized from the lateral portal and mineralized tissue removed. The tendon end was captured using no. 2 braided suture loop using a SpeedWhip technique. A 4.75-mm SwiveLock® polyetheretherketone anchor was utilized to fasten the tendon in the proximal groove of the LDE. The dog returned to dock diving by 16 weeks postsurgery at the preinjury level of performance and remained free of lameness at 30 months postoperatively. Arthroscopic long digital tendon tenodesis is a feasible surgical option in canine patients.
Research Progress of Cholestatic Liver Disease-Related Pruritus in Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine
Authors: Dai Wenzhang , Nie Hong
Published: June 2024

Pruritus is common in cholestatic liver disease, with a high clinical incidence rate and complex pathogenesis. Accumulation of potential pruritus inducers such as steroids, bile acids, and lysophosphatidic acid in the systemic circulation is the main cause of pruritus in cholestatic liver disease. Currently, clinical treatment of cholestatic liver disease-related pruritus mainly includes medication, intervention therapy, and some experimental methods. However, there are still problems, such as unclear pathological mechanisms and unsatisfactory treatment responses in some patients with cholestatic liver disease-related pruritus. Effective treatment for patients still faces challenges. By extensively screening patients' plasma (and/or bile) samples through clinical trials, potential pruritus inducers can be identified comprehensively, which can provide a deeper understanding of the itch signaling pathways in cholestatic liver disease and a basis for the development of treatment strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown certain characteristics and advantages in clinical treatment. Based on the etiology and pathogenesis, external application, internal administration, and TCM-specific therapies have achieved good clinical efficacy. Similarly, the combination of Chinese medicine and Western medicine has also achieved more effective treatment for patients with cholestatic liver disease-related pruritus. This article will introduce the latest progress in the study of pruritus inducers in cholestatic liver disease and its treatment in TCM and Western medicine.
Emergence of chimeralike oscillation modes in excitable complex networks with preferentially cutting–rewiring operation
Authors: Qian Yu , Han Jing , Yang Runru , Chen Wentao , Lei Zhao , Zheng Zhigang
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the preferentially cutting–rewiring operation (PCRO) consisting of the cutting procedure and the rewiring procedure is proposed and is applied on an excitable Erdös–Rényi random network (EERRN), by which the structure of the initially homogeneous network changes dramatically, and lots of common leaves (CLs) are formed between the two hubs. Subsequently, besides the single-mode oscillations that can be usually observed in homogeneous excitable systems, a new kind of multi-mode oscillations composed of synchronous and asynchronous parts can self-organize to emerge, which are similar to the coherent and incoherent clusters in traditional chimera states and are consequently named as the chimeralike oscillation modes (CLOMs). Importantly, by utilizing the dominant phase-advanced driving method, both the mechanisms for the formation and the emergence of CLOMs in EERRNs with PCRO are well explained, among which the CL is exposed to play a key role in forming the CLOMs. Furthermore, the PCRO-induced CLOM phenomena can also be observed in other paradigmatic network models or with other paradigmatic excitable dynamics, which definitely confirms that the PCRO is an universal method in inducing the CLOMs in excitable complex networks. Our contributions may shed lights on a new perspective of the emergence of CLOMs in complex systems and would have great impacts in related fields.
Existence of periodic measures of fractional stochastic delay complex Ginzburg-Landau equations on Rn
Authors: Li Zhiyu , Song Xiaomin , He Gang , Shu Ji
Published: June 2024

This paper is concerned with periodic measures of fractional stochastic complex Ginzburg–Landau equations with variable time delay on unbounded domains. We first derive the uniform estimates of solutions. Then we establish the regularity and prove the equicontinuity of solutions in probability, which is used to prove the tightness of distributions of solutions. In order to overcome the non-compactness of Sobolev embeddings on unbounded domains, we use the uniform estimates on the tails in probability. As a result, we prove the existence of periodic measures by combining Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and Krylov-Bogolyubov method.
A developed theoretical analysis method for predicting the response of a bimodular composite sandwich beam
Authors: Ye Zhenzhou , Li Xiaobin , Shen Wei , Chen Wei
Published: June 2024

A common problem of anisotropic materials is that the modulus of elasticity is not equal in tension and compression. Presently, research objects are mainly concentrated on beams with isotropic materials or laminated beams with orthotropic materials, and few are involved in composite sandwich beams with different moduli in tension and compression. Considering the shortcomings of the equivalent area method, we propose a developed theoretical analysis method for analyzing sandwich beams with different moduli in tension and compression based on the idea of layering. In this method, the sandwich beam is divided into four layers: upper panel, lower panel, tension zone of core, and compression zone of core. In addition, based on general weighted flexibility matrix material model and its simplified model, a finite element simulation model with high computational efficiency and good convergence is established. A comparison between the theoretical calculation results and the finite element results shows that the developed theoretical analysis method proposed in this paper has a higher accuracy than the equivalent area method, regardless of different types of loads or conditions with a large ratio of tensile to compressive elastic modulus.
Computational insights and phase transition of ruthenium alloy by classical molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Mariam Afira , Choe Seungho
Published: June 2024

Understanding the mechanism of metal solidification holds both theoretical significance and practical importance. In this study, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the impact of cooling rates on the solidification of a melted ruthenium alloy using the embedded atom method (EAM) potential. The EAM potential is a widely employed interatomic potential for describing the metallic system, which can capture numerous crucial properties, including mechanical properties, the energy of competing crystal structure dynamics, defects, and liquid structures. Our simulations showed that upon quenching with different cooling rates, the system transformed into a supercooled liquid state at 1200 K, and a hexagonal close-packed cluster emerged as a dominant structure that remained stable even in the supercooled state. A critical cooling rate (1011 K/s) marked the transition from crystal to amorphous phase; this transition exhibited an upward trend as the superheating temperature increased until it reached the maximum achievable cooling rate. Our simulations also revealed that the optimal conditions for undercooling and superheating occur at ∼0.4396 and 1.2893 Tm, respectively, where Tm is the melting temperature. Our results provide comprehensive insights into the evolution of melt structures with changing temperatures during deep undercooling, the formation of homogeneous melt-free crystal regions, and the effect of the molten state on solidification phenomena.
Material dependent soliton interaction dynamics in highly nonlinear fibers: A phase evolution study
Authors: Roy Abhisek , Roy Chaudhuri Partha
Published: June 2024

We investigate the propagation characteristics of two temporally separated soliton pulses with the same spectra, under the influence of stimulated Raman scattering, within a single-mode optical fiber. This analysis explores the behavior of the interacting solitons while propagating in different chalcogenide materials, exhibiting new features and promising prospects for soliton transmission in optical communication systems. Our study included all the interaction parameters constituting the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). We have examined the relationship between the Kerr nonlinearity, interpulse and intrapulse Raman effects, and material-dependent collision length featuring a key aspect in logic design and phase control in mode-locking systems. We have also systematically shown the manifestation of the Raman response function from the Raman gain curve, which our mathematical model (the Lorentzian model) provides, that exhibits a near agreement with experimental data. Our findings reveal significant differences from the typical behavior of two-soliton interaction only due to Kerr nonlinearity. Furthermore, we have investigated the mechanism of the net energy transfer between the interacting solitons as an integral phenomenon involved in multiple soliton propagation. These results provide an insightful understanding of the associated nonlinear effects in high-power soliton transmission systems and are foreseen to possess the potential for designing advanced optical switches and mode-locked lasers.
Magnetocaloric effect in a Fe–Mn–Ga alloy
Authors: Kastil J. , Kamarad J. , Kolomiets A. V. , Konoplyuk S. M. , Kozlova L. E. , Perekos A. O. , Dzevin E.
Published: June 2024

A magnetocaloric effect (MCE) due to adiabatic change of temperature was directly measured in an Fe47.1Mn26.1Ga26.8 alloy undergoing martensitic transformation. Its values in the high-temperature region were positive, while in the temperature range below temperatures of martensitic transformation, the adiabatic change of temperature in the magnetic field was negative. The x-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of a Heusler L21 (B2) phase and a γ-phase in the Fe47.1Mn26.1Ga26.8 alloy above temperature of martensitic transformation. The features of field-dependent magnetization and temperature variation in MCE indicate the occurrence of ferromagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic transition in the γ-phase, which is responsible for the observed inverse magnetocaloric effect.
Kinetic isotope effects on hydrogen/deuterium disordering and ordering in ice crystals: A Raman and dielectric study of ice VI, XV, and XIX
Authors: Thoeny Alexander V. , Gasser Tobias M. , Hoffmann Lars , Keppler Markus , Böhmer Roland , Loerting Thomas
Published: June 2024

Ice XIX and ice XV are both partly hydrogen-ordered counterparts to disordered ice VI. The ice XIX → XV transition represents the only order-to-order transition in ice physics. Using Raman and dielectric spectroscopies, we investigate the ambient-pressure kinetics of the two individual steps in this transition in real time (of hours), that is, ice XIX → transient ice VI (the latter called VI‡) and ice VI‡ → ice XV. Hydrogen-disordered ice VI‡ appears intermittent between 101 and 120 K, as inferred from the appearance and subsequent disappearance of the ice VI Raman marker bands. A comparison of the rate constants for the H2O ices reported here with those from D2O samples [Thoeny et al., J. Chem. Phys. 156, 154507 (2022)] reveals a large kinetic isotope effect for the ice XIX decay, but a much smaller one for the ice XV buildup. An enhancement of the classical overbarrier rate through quantum tunneling for the former can provide a possible explanation for this finding. The activation barriers for both transitions are in the 18–24 kJ/mol range, which corresponds to the energy required to break a single hydrogen bond. These barriers do not show an H/D isotope effect and are the same, no matter whether they are derived from Raman scattering or from dielectric spectroscopy. These findings favor the notion that a dipolar reorientation, involving the breakage of a hydrogen bond, is the rate determining step at the order-to-order transition.
An incompressible–compressible multiphase mesh-free particle method for boiling and condensation simulation
Authors: Han Peidong , Cong Hongchuan , Zhou Ziqi , Sun Zhongguo , Xi Guang
Published: June 2024

The description of boiling and condensation phenomena presents a challenging problem. We propose a Lagrangian incompressible–compressible mesh-free particle method for modeling multiphase flows involving boiling and condensation. This multiphase scheme combines the moving particle semi-implicit method with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, while incorporating a phase transformation model based on heat transfer to simulate gas–liquid phase transformation. Gas volume expansion and shrinkage are accounted for through particle splitting and merging techniques. Numerical investigations demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of this multiphase method and phase transformation model, including simulations of multiphase dam-break flow, rising bubble, Stefan problem, and sucking problem. Our approach successfully simulates the boiling growth and condensing collapse of vapor bubbles, which is validated against numerical and experimental results. Stable and relatively accurate simulations can be achieved for bubble collapse processes under different water subcooling degrees, gas overheating degrees, surface tension values, and bubble sizes. The complex process of boiling before condensation can be accurately reproduced.
Heavy ion-induced microdose effects on the reliability of planar and FinFET-based SRAM physical unclonable functions
Authors: Shao Jinjin , Song Ruiqiang , Li Shaoqing , Guo Yang , Chi Yaqing , Liang Bin , Chen Jianjun , Wang Yaohua
Published: June 2024

The static random-access memory (SRAM) physical unclonable function (PUF) uses the power-up states of stored values to derive the identification code. Its lightweight circuit design makes it suitable for power-sensitive satellites. However, the SRAM PUF is significantly affected by high-energy particles and cosmic rays in space, which causes incorrect output of identity authentication codes and further leading to a degradation in reliability. Recently, the main research works are concerned about the impact of cosmic rays induced total ionizing dose effects on the SRAM PUF, and few reports discuss the high-energy particles induced single event effects on the SRAM PUF. This paper presents the reliability results of planar and FinFET-based SRAM PUFs after high-energy heavy ion experiments. Experimental results indicate that 3%–10% of the SRAM PUF bits change from their original power-on states, which demonstrate that ion-induced microdose effects degrade the reliability of SRAM PUFs. In addition, the three-dimensional technology computer-aided design simulation tool is used to analyze the physical mechanisms of the experimental phenomena. Simulation results show that the heavy ion-induced microdose effect ionizes and produces trapped charges at the silicon/insulation interface, which causes a slight change in transistor leakage current or a slight drift in threshold voltage. The physical mechanisms lead to an off-state current mismatch in the SRAM cell and finally affect the stored values after power-on.
Does tillering affect the grain yield of maize (Zea mays)? A quantitative review
Authors: Rotili Diego Hernán , Micheloud José Roberto , Ross Fernando , Abeledo Leonor Gabriela , Maddonni Gustavo Ángel
Published: June 2024

Context Tillering is generally considered counterproductive for grain yield in maize (Zea mays). However, recent research defies that idea and suggests that the effects of tillering on grain yield depend on the yield-environment. Aims To synthesise the impact of tillering on maize grain yield across a wide range of environments. Methods Literature regarding tillering in maize was assessed to create a multi-environment database of grain yield per unit area and per plant of side-by-side comparisons of grain yield of tillered versus de-tillered treatments. Regression analyses and mean comparisons were used to compare the performance of tillered and de-tillered crops. Key results The maximum plant density in the database was 7 plants m−2. Tillered crops out-yielded de-tillered crops irrespective of the de-tillered grain yield (y-intercept = 841 kg ha−1, P < 0.01 and slope = 1, P = 0.91). For the lower tercile of yield-environments (i.e. lower than 5269 kg ha−1), the frequency of lower yields on tillered crops was higher (all database = 0.21, Pampas = 0.5) than in the mid or high terciles (all database < 0.13, Pampas < 0.18). Across environments, individual plant yield was higher for tillered crops (42 g plant−1 or 16% difference), but that difference decreased as the de-tillered individual plant yield decreased turning into zero below 136 g plant−1. Conclusions Within the limitations of the data set, tillering was generally beneficial or indifferent for grain yield, but detrimental effects may be recorded in very low yield-environments. Implications Tillering does not condition maize yield across most environments.