bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Energy-Saving Combo of MEA-EAE-AMP Tri-Solvent with Absorber and Desorber Catalysts in a Hot Oil-Based Bench-Scale Pilot Plant
Authors: Shi Huancong , Zhang Shaowen , Wang Hanyun , Feng Yongcheng , Jin Jing
Published: January 2025

To mitigate the effects of climate change, novel carbon capture technologies need to be developed. Since 2020, a new solution has been to adopt an energy-efficient combination of “amine blend + heterogeneous catalysts” in large CCUS demonstration plants. This study adopted the specific tri-solvent MEA-EAE-AMP and solid catalysts CaSO4, HND-580, and HND-8 in a novel bench-scale pilot plant with hot oil as the heat source. Three key parameters were investigated—absorption efficiency (AE), cyclic capacity (CC), and heat duty (HD)—to analyze the technology under a steady state. The results indicated that the solid acid significantly reduced αlean and the solid base increased αrich, while the CC was increased and HD was reduced to its minimum at 2.47 GJ/tCO2 and at optimized doses of the catalysts, 40 g CaSO4 and 100 HND-580. These results verified another energy-efficient solution that could be further scaled up into an industrial amine scrubbing pilot plant.
Comprehensive Analysis Identifies THEMIS2 as a Potential Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker in Glioblastoma
Authors: Chen Jianan , Wu Qiong , Berglund Anders E. , Macaulay Robert J. , Etame Arnold B.
Published: January 2025

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by its ability to evade the immune system, hindering the efficacy of current immunotherapies. Recent research has highlighted the important role of immunosuppressive macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in driving this immune evasion. In this study, we are the first to identify THEMIS2 as a key regulator of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-mediated immunosuppression in GBM. We found that a high THEMIS2 expression is associated with poor patient outcomes and increased infiltration of immune cells, particularly macrophages. Functional analyses revealed THEMIS2’s critical involvement in immune-related pathways, including immune response activation, mononuclear cell differentiation, and the positive regulation of cytokine production. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing data demonstrated that macrophages with a high THEMIS2 expression were associated with increased phagocytosis, immune suppression, and enhanced tumor growth. These findings suggest that THEMIS2 could serve as both a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for enhancing anti-tumor immunity in GBM.
Modeling the Effect of Cannabinoid Exposure During Human Neurodevelopment Using Bidimensional and Tridimensional Cultures
Authors: Estudillo Enrique , Castillo-Arellano Jorge Iván , Martínez Emilio , Rangel-López Edgar , López-Ornelas Adolfo , Magaña-Maldonado Roxana , Adalid-Peralta Laura , Velasco Iván , Escobedo-Ávila Itzel
Published: January 2025

Our knowledge about the consumption of cannabinoids during pregnancy lacks consistent evidence to determine whether it compromises neurodevelopment. Addressing this task is challenging and complex since pregnant women display multiple confounding factors that make it difficult to identify the real effect of cannabinoids’ consumption. Recent studies shed light on this issue by using pluripotent stem cells of human origin, which can recapitulate human neurodevelopment. These revolutionary platforms allow studying how exogenous cannabinoids could alter human neurodevelopment without ethical concerns and confounding factors. Here, we review the information to date on the clinical studies about the impact of exogenous cannabinoid consumption on human brain development and how exogenous cannabinoids alter nervous system development in humans using cultured pluripotent stem cells as 2D and 3D platforms to recapitulate brain development.
Synthetic CB1 Cannabinoids Promote Tunneling Nanotube Communication, Cellular Migration, and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic PANC-1 and Colorectal SW-620 Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Bunsick David A. , Baghaie Leili , Li Yunfan , Yaish Abdulrahman M. , Aucoin Emilyn B. , Skapinker Elizabeth , Aldbai Rashelle , Szewczuk Myron R.
Published: January 2025

Metastasizing cancer cells surreptitiously can adapt to metabolic activity during their invasion. By initiating their communications for invasion, cancer cells can reprogram their cellular activities to initiate their proliferation and migration and uniquely counteract metabolic stress during their progression. During this reprogramming process, cancer cells’ metabolism and other cellular activities are integrated and mutually regulated by tunneling nanotube communications to alter their specific metabolic functional drivers of tumor growth and progression. Here, we investigated the in vitro effects of the synthetic CB1 cannabinoids AM-404, arvanil, and olvanil on human pancreatic PANC-1 and colorectal SW-620 cancer cell lines to understand further cellular behaviors and the potential risks of their use in cancer therapy. For the first time, the synthetic CB1 cannabinoids AM-404, arvanil, and olvanil significantly altered cancer cells in forming missile-like shapes to induce tunneling nanotube (TNT) communications in PANC-1 cells. Oseltamivir phosphate (OP) significantly prevented TNT formation. To assess the key survival pathways critical for pancreatic cancer progression, we used the AlamarBlue assay to determine synthetic CB1 cannabinoids to induce the cell’s metabolic viability drivers to stage migratory intercellular communication. The synthetic CB1 cannabinoids significantly increased cell viability compared to the untreated control for PANC-1 and SW-620 cells, and this response was significantly reduced with the NMBR inhibitor BIM-23127, neuraminidase-1 inhibitor OP, and MMP-9 inhibitor (MMP-9i). CB1 cannabinoids also significantly increased N-cadherin and decreased E-cadherin EMT markers compared to the untreated controls, inducing the process of metastatic phenotype for invasion. BIM-23127, MMP9i, and OP significantly inhibited CB1 agonist-induced NFκB-dependent secretory alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) activity. To confirm this concept, we investigated the migratory invasiveness of PANC-1 and SW-620 cancer cells treated with the synthetic CB1 cannabinoids AM-404, arvanil, and olvanil in a scratch wound assay. CB1 cannabinoids significantly induced the rate of migration and invasiveness of PANC-1 cancer cells, whereas they had minimal effect on the rate of migration of already metastatic SW-620 cancer cells. Interestingly, olvanil-treated SW-620 cells significantly enhanced the migration rate and invasiveness of these cells. The data support the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the synthetic CB1 cannabinoids, orchestrating intercellular conduits to enhance metabolic drivers to stage migratory intercellular communication in pancreatic cancer cells.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Girls and the Risk of Unplanned Pregnancies
Authors: Rad Florina , Buică Alexandra Mariana , Gică Nicolae
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Although ADHD in adults has become visible and inclusive in recent years in diagnostic manuals, research is still limited regarding the long-term outcomes of patients with this disorder. The main objective of this research was to address the many facets of predictor variables in girls with ADHD facing unplanned pregnancies at young ages in order to improve the management of pre-, peri-, and postnatal complications that may occur, as well as for early psychiatric diagnosis and effective intervention. Methods: PubMed and Web of Science Databases were used to perform literature research, and a total of 27 records were selected and used for data extraction. Results: Related articles have included the persistence of ADHD symptoms comorbid with other disorders among girls with ADHD as a risk factor for teenage pregnancies. Conduct disorders and substance use disorders are the main co-occurrent diagnoses that increase the likelihood for teenage childbirth. Unplanned pregnancies at young ages are associated with unfavorable psychosocial trajectories both for the mother and the child. Conclusions: In this review, we emphasize the importance of predisposing factors for risky sexual behaviors and unplanned pregnancies in cases of girls with ADHD. The topic of the article draws attention to the need for uniform national individualized care of girls with ADHD, the implementation of programs to prevent academic failure and early parenthood as well as addressing comorbid obstetrical and psychiatric conditions, especially in regions where the rate of adolescent births continues to be high.
The Evaluation of Serum KIM-1 in a Pediatric Cohort of Renal Transplantation—A Pilot Study
Authors: Aldea Paul Luchian , Turbuleasa-Jurje Roxana Andreea , Bulata Bogdan , Delean Dan , Elec Florin Ioan , Ciumarnean Lorena , Bot (Rachisan) Andreea Liana
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Renal transplantation ensures particular advantages for patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, in some cases, early complications may result in allograft dysfunction, which can ultimately lead to the loss of the graft. Creatinine is a poor biomarker for kidney injury due principally to its inability to help diagnose early acute renal failure and complete inability to help differentiate among its various causes. Different urinary and serum proteins have been intensively investigated as possible biomarkers in this setting. We focused on emerging serum biomarkers such as kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) on a cohort of grafted patients. The motivation of this study was to analyze a predictive biological marker in comparison with standard markers for the evaluation of renal function, with the aim of observing if there are statistically significant differences regarding the performance and promptness of its increase compared to the current monitoring methods in order to improve graft survival, quality of life, and overall patient prognosis. Patients and Methods: We included 21 patients who had their first kidney transplantation (8 females, 13 males), with a follow-up period from transplantation of 3.14 years, without prior immunization, having complete HLA typing and a negative cross-match test before transplantation. We determined serum creatinine and KIM-1 in the whole cohort at the time of the enrollment in the study. Results: The mean creatinine value was 0.89 mg/dL ± 0.33. The mean value for KIM-1 was 13.56 +/− 21.52 in the Tx group vs. 5.91 +/− 3.26 in the control group with a p-value of 0.06. We defined patients at low risk (LR) of graft loss (serum creatinine < 0.9 mg/dL) and those at high risk (HR) (serum creatinine > 0.91 mg/dL). The mean values for KIM-1 were 6.09 +/− 1.67 in the LR vs. 21.77 +/− 29.71 in the HR group, with a p-value 0.01. Conclusions: There is a strong difference for KIM-1 at 24 h postTx between the two groups, showing a high correlation between KIM-1 and the predisposition of the graft dysfunction. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the utility of these novel biomarkers in the prediction of graft survival in renal transplantation patients.
Specific Physical Performances of Young Male Basketball Players in Palestine: An Assessment by Maturity Status
Authors: Jawabreh Layla , Tounsi Mohamed , Racil Ghazi , Padulo Johnny , Migliaccio Gian Mario , Russo Luca , Trabelsi Yassine
Published: January 2025

Objectives: There is a lack of studies that investigate the relationship between anthropometric profiles, biological maturity, and specific physical performances in young male basketball players. This study aimed to evaluate the development of anthropometric characteristics and physical performance across different age and maturity groups among male basketball players in Palestine, as well as to identify the anthropometric factors influencing physical performance within this population. Methods: A total of one-hundred-fifty male basketball players, aged 12 to 16, participated in this study. The players were categorized by age groups (U-12 to U-16) and divided into five maturational groups based on their maturity offset, ranging from −1.5 to 2.5 years relative to peak height velocity (PHV). The measurements included anthropometric variables and physical performance, such as sprinting performances, jumping ability, agility tests, and maximal aerobic capacity. Statistical analyses, including a full model and multiple regression analysis, were conducted to identify the anthropometric parameters that significantly influenced the performance variables. Results: Anthropometric development, particularly lower-limb length, significantly influenced vertical jump performance, while increases in body composition and fat mass negatively impacted sprinting and strength test outcomes. Our study confirms that maturity status plays a crucial role in determining physical performance among young Palestinian basketball players. Early-maturing players generally demonstrated greater strength and endurance, whereas late-maturing players excelled in agility and speed. The full model and the multiple equations were used to determine the determinants of physical performances according to anthropometric variables. Conclusions: The findings show that performance benchmarks based on age and maturational groups may contribute to a better understanding of training protocols and talent identification for young male basketball players in Palestine, as well as support the development of strategies for physical activity practice.
Pain-Related Behavior and Pain Perception Associated with Intraosseous Local Anesthesia (QuickSleeper 5®) in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: AlRaddadi Zeyad A. , AlHowaish Latifa A. , Sulimany Ayman M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Managing pain during dental procedures is crucial, particularly for children, as pain can induce anxiety. Local anesthesia is the most anxiety-inducing procedure in pediatric patients. Consequently, this study aimed to assess and compare the pain-related behaviors and perceptions associated with two anesthesia techniques for children: traditional local anesthesia and intraosseous local anesthesia administered via the QuickSleeper 5® system. Methods: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 33 children aged 4–9 years. Each participant received both traditional local anesthesia and intraosseous local anesthesia with QuickSleeper 5 across two visits. Pain-related behaviors were evaluated by calibrated pediatric dentists through video recordings, and pain perceptions were assessed using the Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. Heart rate measurements offered objective insights into patients’ anxiety; finally, the time needed to administer anesthesia was recorded. Results: This study found no statistically significant differences between traditional local anesthesia and intraosseous local anesthesia with QuickSleeper 5 regarding pain perception, heart rate, or pain-related behaviors, indicating that both techniques are effective at minimizing discomfort. However, QuickSleeper 5 demonstrated a significantly shorter administration time, enhancing the procedural efficiency of pediatric dentistry. Conclusions: The QuickSleeper 5 system is a valuable tool for pediatric dental care, delivering comparable comfort levels to traditional anesthesia while significantly reducing the time that is required for administration. The QuickSleeper 5 system’s efficiency advantage could make it the preferred choice for treating children, especially given the stress that is often associated with local anesthesia and the need for quick, smooth procedures in pediatric care.
Interlayer Shear Strength and Bonding Strength of Sinuous 3D-Printed Mortar
Authors: Liu Qiong , Wang Qiming , Sun Chang , Li Jiawang , Singh Amardeep
Published: January 2025

Addressing the challenge of weak interface strength in 3D-printed mortars, this study introduces a novel technique using sinuous printing trajectories. The self-locking interface is formed by different meandering print trajectories, and the changes in the strength of the test interface are investigated by adjusting the trajectories to form different amplitudes. This ensures alignment of peaks and troughs between layers, aiming for enhanced interfacial cohesion. Experimental tests measured mechanical properties of printed mortar specimens with varying amplitudes. Using Digital Image Correlation technology, strain fields and fracture surfaces were analyzed. Initial results revealed a 28% decrease in shear resistance for side-by-side printed interfaces compared to traditional layered interfaces. As amplitude increased, shear load-bearing capacity improved. Specifically, a 15 mm amplitude saw a 40% rise in interlayer shear strength. However, a 20 mm amplitude led to reduced shear capacity, with even slight forces causing potential fractures. Tensile strength also increased with amplitude. Specimens up to 15 mm amplitude primarily followed the printing interface in fractures, while a 20 mm amplitude cut through mortar strips. Post-fracture analysis showed the highest surface irregularity at a 15 mm amplitude, aligning with tensile load-bearing capacity.
Bifurcation Analysis of a Discrete Basener–Ross Population Model: Exploring Multiple Scenarios
Authors: Elsadany A. A. , Yousef A. M. , Ghazwani S. A. , Zaki A. S.
Published: January 2025

The Basener and Ross mathematical model is widely recognized for its ability to characterize the interaction between the population dynamics and resource utilization of Easter Island. In this study, we develop and investigate a discrete-time version of the Basener and Ross model. First, the existence and the stability of fixed points for the present model are investigated. Next, we investigated various bifurcation scenarios by establishing criteria for the occurrence of different types of codimension-one bifurcations, including flip and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations. These criteria are derived using the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Furthermore, we demonstrated the existence of codimension-two bifurcations characterized by 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 resonances, emphasizing the model’s complex dynamical structure. Numerical simulations are employed to validate and illustrate the theoretical predictions. Finally, through bifurcation diagrams, maximal Lyapunov exponents, and phase portraits, we uncover a diversity of dynamical characteristics, including limit cycles, periodic solutions, and chaotic attractors.
Characterization of Fatty Acids and Nutritional Health Indicators of Ghee (Butteroil) Manufactured from Bovine Colostrum and Sweet Cream
Authors: Modi Zeel , Dubey Khushi , Salunke Prafulla
Published: January 2025

Large-scale bovine colostrum production yields a significant byproduct called colostrum cream (CC). Colostrum cream is the byproduct of the industry where the colostrum is separated, and the colostrum milk is processed and converted into a colostrum formula and immunoglobulin colostrum powder. However, the disposal of CC poses sustainability challenges. CC composition differs significantly from milk fat and can be a valuable source of fatty acids (FAs) in the human diet. Ghee or butter oil manufactured from cream or butter is a product with almost 99.8% fat, with longer shelf life and a unique flavor. The study was planned to see the effect of FA profile and nutritional health indicators derived from FA profiles, such as the atherogenicity index (AI) and thrombogenicity index (TI) of CC, colostrum butter oil (CBO) samples, butter oil (BO), and sweet cream (SC), as they can significantly influence cardiovascular health. Three SC samples from a dairy plant and six CC samples were collected from a private company. BO and CBO samples were made in atmospheric conditions and analyzed for chemical composition and FA profiles in triplicates. SC and BO samples have higher levels of saturated and trans FAs. CC and CBO are richer in beneficial FAs. CBO offers a healthier profile with higher PUFA/SFAs and a lower AI and TI, which can be an essential source of FAs in the human diet and support sustainability.
Operational Meaning of Classical Fidelity and Path Length in Kubo–Mori–Bogoliubov Fisher Geometry
Authors: Diósi Lajos
Published: January 2025

We show that the minimum entropy production in near-reversible quantum state transport along a path is a simple function of the path length measured according to the Fisher–KMB metrics. Hence, for the sharp values of path lengths, also called statistical lengths, we obtain the operational meaning to quantify the residual irreversibility in near-reversible state transport. In the classical limit, the Bhattacharyya fidelity is found to have a sharp operational meaning after eighty years.
Using Self-Efficacy and Reflection to Improve Piano Learning Performance
Authors: Dong Suqi , Gedvilienė Genutė
Published: January 2025

There are many influences on the piano playing learning process. Research on combining it with self-regulated learning (SRL) methods has rarely been reported. This study aimed to elucidate the complex relationships between social skills, anxiety, and self-efficacy (SE) in piano learning and performance contexts. The question of whether reflection enhances SRL effectiveness was also raised. The participants included 24 Chinese piano students, who were divided into three groups and received different emotional interventions. Over the course of an eight-week study program, the groups were exposed to different teaching methods. One group received positive emotional input designed to boost confidence, another group encountered negative emotional input that triggered stress, and a control group received a routine without emotional manipulation. The relationship between anxiety, self-efficacy, social skills, mood, and reflection were explained through quantitative academic performance results and qualitative return interviews. The results showed that self-efficacy was significantly negatively related to anxiety levels, while transient emotional states had minimal impact on immediate learning outcomes. Reflection, on the other hand, led to the increased effectiveness of SRL, which could quickly alleviate anxiety and increase self-efficacy by enhancing students’ reflective process after class. This study also highlights the complexity of the interplay between social skills and self-efficacy, as well as anxiety levels. These findings suggest that fostering self-efficacy and reflective practices in piano education can help manage student anxiety and improve learning outcomes, providing valuable insights for teaching strategies.
FR-IBC: Flipping and Rotation Intra Block Copy for Versatile Video Coding
Authors: Han Heeji , Gwon Daehyeok , Seo Jeongil , Choi Haechul
Published: January 2025

Screen content has become increasingly important in multimedia applications owing to the growth of remote desktops, Wi-Fi displays, and cloud computing. However, these applications generate large amounts of data, and their limited bandwidth necessitates efficient video coding. While existing video coding standards have been optimized for natural videos originally captured by cameras, screen content has unique characteristics such as large homogeneous areas and repeated patterns. In this paper, we propose an enhanced intra block copy (IBC) method for screen content coding (SCC) in versatile video coding (VVC) named flipping and rotation intra block copy (FR-IBC). The proposed method improves the prediction accuracy by using flipped and rotated versions of the reference blocks as additional references. To reduce the computational complexity, hash maps of these blocks are constructed on a 4 × 4 block size basis. Moreover, we modify the block vectors and block vector predictor candidates of IBC merge and IBC advanced motion vector prediction to indicate the locations within the available reference area at all times. The experimental results show that our FR-IBC method outperforms existing SCC tools in VVC. Bjøntegaard-Delta rate gains of 0.66% and 2.30% were achieved under the All Intra and Random Access conditions for Class F, respectively, while corresponding values of 0.40% and 2.46% were achieved for Class SCC, respectively.
A Mechanism Framework for Clearing Prices in Electricity Market Based on Trusted Capacity of Power Generation Resources
Authors: Lou Yuanyuan , Wu Jiekang , Lei Zhen , Liu Xinmiao , Liu Junlei , Lu Xun
Published: January 2025

A reasonable capacity market mechanism is conducive to exploring the capacity value of different power generation resources and ensuring the adequacy of power supply capacity in power systems. In response to the challenges faced by the existing capacity market mechanism under the background of energy transformation, such as the unreasonable quantification of the support effect of different power generation resources on the power capacity of power system and the imperfect pricing mechanism of power capacity, a capacity market mechanism for power systems with high proportion renewable energy has been designed. To quickly clarify the capacity support effect of different power generation resources, a capacity credibility factor is introduced to quantify the actual contribution of different power generation resources in capacity supply and to deeply explore the capacity value of power generation resources. Based on the uniform marginal clearing price in the capacity market, the marginal clearing price of different power generation resources is corrected by using the cost ratio factor, which includes the difference in the cost structure of power generation resources. By comparing and analyzing examples, the proposed cost ratio factor can effectively optimize the capacity price; the maximum price difference is 18.2 yuan/MW, the overall capacity cost of the system is reduced by 53.70%, and the effective connection between fixed cost and variable cost of power generation resources is realized.
Analyses of PO-Based Fuzzy Logic-Controlled MPPT and Incremental Conductance MPPT Algorithms in PV Systems
Authors: Çakmak Fevzi , Aydoğmuş Zafer , Tür Mehmet Rıda
Published: January 2025

This manuscript aims to increase the utilization of solar energy, which is both environmentally friendly and easily accessible, to satisfy the energy needs of developing countries. In order to achieve this goal, maximum power generation should be provided from photovoltaic panels. Several maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods are utilized for maximum power generation in photovoltaic panel systems under different weather conditions. In this paper, a novel intelligent hybrid fuzzy logic-controlled maximum power point tracking algorithm founded on the perturb and observe (PO) algorithm is presented. The proposed fuzzy logic controller algorithm and the incremental conductivity maximum power point tracking algorithm were simulated in a MATLAB(2018b version)/Simulink environment and evaluated by comparing the results. Four Sharp ND-F4Q295 solar panels, two in series and two in parallel, were used for the simulation. In this study, the voltage ripple of the proposed hybrid method was measured at 1% compared to the classical incremental conductivity method, while it was 8.6% in the IncCon method. Similarly, the current ripple was 1.08% in the proposed hybrid FLC method, while the current ripple was 9.27% in the IncCon method. It is observed that the proposed smart method stabilizes the system voltage faster, at 25 ms, in the event of sudden weather changes.
Robust Trading Decision-Making Model for Demand-Side Resource Aggregators Considering Multi-Objective Cluster Aggregation Optimization
Authors: Liu Fei , Qi Shaokang , Wang Shibin , Tian Xu , Liu Liantao , Zhao Xue
Published: January 2025

In the context of a high proportion of new energy grid connections, demand-side resources have become an inevitable choice for constructing new power systems due to their high flexibility and fast response speed. However, the response capability of demand-side resources is decentralized and fluctuating, which makes it difficult for them to effectively participate in power market trading. Therefore, this paper proposes a robust transaction decision model for demand-side resource aggregators considering multi-objective clustering aggregation optimization. First, a demand-side resource aggregation operation model is designed to aggregate dispersed demand-side resources into a coordinated aggregated response entity through an aggregator. Second, the demand-side resource aggregation evaluation indexes are established from three dimensions of response capacity, response reliability, and response flexibility, and the multi-objective aggregation optimization model of demand-side resources is constructed with the objective function of the larger potential market revenue and the smallest risk of deviation penalty. Finally, robust optimization theory is adopted to cope with the uncertainty of demand-side resource responsiveness, the robust transaction decision model of demand-side resource aggregator is constructed, and a community in Henan Province is selected for simulation analysis to verify the validity and applicability of the proposed model. The findings reveal that the proposed cluster aggregation optimization method reduces the bias penalty risk of the demand-side resource aggregators by about 33.12%, improves the comprehensive optimization objective by about 18.10%, and realizes the optimal aggregation of demand-side resources that takes into account both economy and risk. Moreover, the robust trading decision model can increase the expected net revenue by about 3.1% under the ‘worst’ scenario of fluctuating uncertainties, which enhances the resilience of demand-side resource aggregators to risks and effectively fosters the involvement of demand-side resources in the electricity market dynamics.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Renewable Energy, Storage, and Electric Vehicles for Sustainable Development
Authors: Salkuti Surender Reddy
Published: January 2025

The topology of an electric power system is complex due to its structure having different types of sources and loads [...]
From Nose to Heart: Introducing Large Language Models to Explore How Olfactory Experiences Influence Forest Visitors’ Emotional Resilience
Authors: Wei Yu , Hou Yueyuan
Published: January 2025

Forest environments have been demonstrated to promote human health and well-being through rich sensory experiences. However, the mechanisms by which olfactory experience affects visitors’ mental health remain to be thoroughly researched, and discussions on emotional resilience, a key competency affecting an individual’s mental health, are particularly rare. To address the challenges of high subjectivity, difficulty in quantifying, and high context-dependency of olfactory experience and emotional resilience in such studies, large language models were introduced to study the National Forest Parks in China and analyse massive user-generated data. This provided new possibilities for constructing a more comprehensive theoretical paradigm of olfactory experience–emotional resilience. The findings indicate that olfactory experiences in National Forest Parks exert a substantial influence on tourists’ emotional resilience, with diverse olfactory experiences demonstrating a more pronounced impact on emotional resilience compared to a single type of olfactory experience. However, this impact exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship. Natural environment olfactory experiences were found to be more conducive to attention restoration, while artificial environment olfactory experiences were more likely to induce nostalgic feelings. This study found that nostalgic feelings significantly mediated the relationship between artificial environment olfactory experience and emotional resilience, while attention restoration did not significantly mediate the relationship between natural environment olfactory experience and emotional resilience. This provides a novel perspective on the examination of the complex relationship between forest environments, olfactory experience, and emotional resilience. Semantic analyses revealed the complexity and network characteristics of olfactory experiences in National Forest Parks, and at the same time identified four main types of olfactory experiences and scenarios. This research offers valuable insights for forest recreation and leisure management, as well as public health policy development.
Framework Design for the Dynamic Reconfiguration of IoT-Enabled Embedded Systems and “On-the-Fly” Code Execution
Authors: Marevac Elmin , Kadušić Esad , Živić Nataša , Buzađija Nevzudin , Lemeš Samir
Published: January 2025

Embedded systems, particularly when integrated into the Internet of Things (IoT) landscape, are critical for projects requiring robust, energy-efficient interfaces to collect real-time data from the environment. As these systems become complex, the need for dynamic reconfiguration, improved availability, and stability becomes increasingly important. This paper presents the design of a framework architecture that supports dynamic reconfiguration and “on-the-fly” code execution in IoT-enabled embedded systems, including a virtual machine capable of hot reloads, ensuring system availability even during configuration updates. A “hardware-in-the-loop” workflow manages communication between the embedded components, while low-level coding constraints are accessible through an additional abstraction layer, with examples such as MicroPython or Lua. The study results demonstrate the VM’s ability to handle serialization and deserialization with minimal impact on system performance, even under high workloads, with serialization having a median time of 160 microseconds and deserialization having a median of 964 microseconds. Both processes were fast and resource-efficient under normal conditions, supporting real-time updates with occasional outliers, suggesting room for optimization and also highlighting the advantages of VM-based firmware update methods, which outperform traditional approaches like Serial and OTA (Over-the-Air, the ability to update or configure firmware, software, or devices via wireless connection) updates by achieving lower latency and greater consistency. With these promising results, however, challenges like occasional deserialization time outliers and the need for optimization in memory management and network protocols remain for future work. This study also provides a comparative analysis of currently available commercial solutions, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses.
A Metapopulation Model to Assess Water Management Impacts on the Threatened Australian Lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri
Authors: Todd Charles R. , McDougall Andrew J. , Raymond Scott M. C. , Hale Robin , Brown Timothy R. , Koehn John D. , Wootton Henry F. , Brooks Steven G. , Kitchingman Adrian M. , Espinoza Tom , Fanson Benjamin G. , Kind Peter K. , Marshall Sharon M. , Roberts David T.
Published: January 2025

The Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, is one of the world’s oldest vertebrate lineages, with a slow life-history and threatened status, requiring immediate conservation efforts. The main threats to lungfish populations are degradation and availability of key macrophyte habitats, water regulation and flow modification. As this long-lived species (at least 77 years) has delayed maturity (mature at 10 years), field monitoring alone will not be enough to inform the challenge of ensuring sustainable populations. A stochastic metapopulation model was developed for the Burnett River (Southeast Queensland, Australia), an important habitat for the lungfish that is a highly regulated system with extensive water infrastructure. The model consists of three interacting populations, where the ecology and biology of the species were translated into an 80-year-class population projection matrix for each population, each with post-development streamflow, habitat and movement rules. The model highlights the longer-term interaction between dams and stream flows on habitat availability and subsequent recruitment. Through a pre-development streamflow, we quantify the impact of high regulation and development on the lungfish population in the Burnett River: a minor decline in the upstream population (e.g., 9.8% decline), a large decline in the middle population (64.2% decline), virtually no change in the downstream population (e.g., 1.2% decline) and a moderate decline in the overall metapopulation (e.g., 22.3% decline). The loss of spawning and feeding habitat remains the main reason for population decline, with implications that the loss will lead to greater pressure on remaining downstream habitat due to combined flow and dam effects and, in turn, to extended periods of recovery of spawning habitat. Our modeling approach substantially advances conservation management of this species, as it can be adapted to suit other populations in other river systems and used to test sensitivity to recovery actions.
Predictive Analysis of Structural Damage in Submerged Structures: A Case Study Approach Using Machine Learning
Authors: Santos Alexandre Brás dos , Vasconcelos Hugo Mesquita , Domingues Tiago M. R. M. , Sousa Pedro J. S. C. P. , Dias Susana , Lopes Rogério F. F. , Parente Marco L. P. , Tomé Mário , Cavadas Adélio M. S. , Moreira Pedro M. G. P.
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the development of a machine learning (ML) model to elaborate on predictions of structural damage in submerged structures due to ocean states and subsequently compares it to a real-life case of a 6-month experiment with a benthic lander bearing a multitude of sensors. The ML model uses wave parameters such as height, period and direction as input layers, which describe the ocean conditions, and strains in selected points of the lander structure as output layers. To streamline the dataset generation, a simplified approach was adopted, integrating analytical formulations based on Morison equations and numerical simulations through the Finite Element Method (FEM) of the designed lander. Subsequent validation involved Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations, using a 2D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based numerical wave tank of the entire ocean depth to access velocity profiles, and a restricted 3D CFD model incorporating the lander structure. A case study was conducted to empirically validate the simulated ML model, with the design and deployment of a benthic lander at 30 m depth. The lander was monitored using electrical and optical strain gauges. The strains measured during the testing period will provide empirical validation and may be used for extensive training of a more reliable model.
Enhancing Meat Quality and Nutritional Value in Monogastric Livestock Using Sustainable Novel Feed Ingredients
Authors: Prates José A. M.
Published: January 2025

This study explores the potential of novel feed ingredients for monogastric animals, such as pigs and poultry, to enhance meat quality and nutritional value while reducing the environmental footprint of production. Innovative feed options like black soldier fly larvae, Schizochytrium microalga, Laminaria seaweed, fermented soybean hulls, fortified flaxseed and grape pomace have significantly improved meat quality and nutritional traits. Results indicate that these ingredients enrich meat with omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals, enhancing nutritional value while improving sensory traits such as flavour, tenderness and colour. For instance, including Laminaria seaweed increased iodine content by up to 45%, while Schizochytrium microalga improved omega-3 deposition by over 70%. The inclusion of grape pomace enhanced oxidative stability and extended meat shelf life. This review also discusses the influence of ingredient composition, inclusion levels and processing techniques, alongside challenges such as regulatory constraints, ingredient cost and palatability. The alignment of these alternative feeds with circular economy principles and sustainability goals further emphasizes their role in reducing environmental impact. By summarising recent advancements, this paper underscores the transformative potential of novel feed ingredients in advancing monogastric meat production towards greater nutritional quality, sustainability and consumer acceptance.
Preparation and Efficacy of Microemulsion Carvacrol-Based Fruit and Vegetable Cleaner and Its Application on Cherry Tomatoes
Authors: Wang Yanshuo , Sun Dianjun , Zhang Yinghan , Zhou Yichong , Jin Ruyi , Peng Xiaoli , Li Jian
Published: January 2025

Carvacrol, a natural plant compound with antibacterial, antioxidant, and various biological activities, serves as the basis for developing a micro-emulsion fruit and vegetable cleaner. The study found that carvacrol demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL against four foodborne pathogenic bacteria and three spoilage fungi. The formulated cleaner, containing 67 mg/mL of carvacrol, demonstrated superior characteristics (a particle size of 228 nm, an absolute zeta potential of 21.4 mv, and a stability coefficient of 91.2%). Remarkably, the cleaner remained stable when stored at room temperature for at least 3 months. Its efficacy against pesticides ranged from 76% to 91%. The cleaning effectively inhibited microbial colonies and the decay rate of cherry tomatoes during storage at 4 °C. Furthermore, the cleaning treatment was found to minimize changes in color and hardness. Overall, this study provides evidence that a fruit and vegetable cleaner based on carvacrol enhances the safety of the food industry effectively.
Studying the Size-Dependence of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) in the Final Properties of Polyurethane Aerogels: Thermal Insulation and Mechanical Strength
Authors: Lledó Jaime , Martín-de León Judith , Gómez Álvarez-Arenas Tomás E. , Rodríguez-Pérez Miguel Ángel , Merillas Beatriz
Published: January 2025

In the present work, the influence of the addition of graphene nanoplatelets presenting different dimensions on polyurethane–polyisocyanurate aerogel structure and properties has been studied. The obtained aerogels synthesized through a sol–gel method have been fully characterized in terms of density, porosity, specific surface area, mechanical stiffness, thermal conductivity, and speed of sound. Opacified aerogels showing high porosity (>92%) and low densities (78–98 kg/m3) have been produced, and the effect of the size and content of graphene nanoplatelets has been studied. It has been observed that formulations with less than 5 wt.% of graphene nanoplatelets larger than 2 microns can effectively reduce the total thermal conductivity by absorption and scattering of the infrared radiation, reducing the heat transfer by this mechanism. The resulting opacified samples are highly insulating materials, with thermal conductivities less than 18 mW/m·K. Moreover, it has been observed that smaller particles with ca. 200 nm of average length can promote an increase in the elastic modulus, therefore obtaining stiffer aerogels, combined with thermal conductivities lower than 20 mW/m·K. Results have been studied in detail, providing a further understanding of the mechanisms for improving the final properties of these materials, making them more suitable for industrial applications.
What Is the Current Status of Research on the Impact of Digitalization in Medicine? A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Badareu Gabriela , Cârstina Silviu , Militaru Felicia , Siminică Marian Ilie , Cîrciumaru Daniel
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to map key trends in the digitalization of medicine, a rapidly evolving field that incorporates advancements such as artificial intelligence, telemedicine, and Big Data. The analysis aims to identify the most prolific authors, highly cited works, leading countries, and contributions from research institutions, while also exploring emerging trends through keyword analysis. Methods: A dataset comprising 2606 scientific papers was retrieved from the Web of Science database. The analysis was performed using bibliometric techniques and VOSviewer software to evaluate citation patterns, author productivity, country activity, and institutional contributions. Results: The findings reveal a substantial increase in research activity on the digitalization of medicine, with notable contributions from Germany, the USA, and China. These countries host leading academic institutions actively driving the field. Keyword analysis highlights emerging trends in artificial intelligence, telemedicine, and Big Data. Extensive international collaborations further underscore the global nature of this research domain. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and current trends in the digitalization of medicine. Conclusions: It highlights the significant role of international collaboration and identifies key areas of development, offering valuable insights for future research directions in this dynamic sector.
Exploring Social Support and Quality of Life Among Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rezq Khulud Ahmad , Albalawi Haia Mahdi Hindi , Alharbi Hanan F.
Published: January 2025

Background: Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience significant stress, which can adversely affect their quality of life (QoL) and increase their reliance on social support. This study aimed to explore the relationship between social support and QoL among mothers of ASD children and identify associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023, involving 218 mothers of ASD children in Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was distributed via autism associations. Inclusion criteria were mothers of children under 18 diagnosed with ASD, excluding those with diagnosed mental illnesses. Social support and QoL were measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA). Statistical analysis was performed using Jamovi software. Results: The mean MSPSS and QoLA scores were 4.87 and 100.88, respectively, with a significant positive correlation (Spearman’s rho = 0.509, p < 0.001). Social support was positively associated with higher education and negatively with having more than one autistic child. QoLA scores were significantly predicted by family income (>SAR 10,000 or US 2667) and MSPSS score (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Social support enhances maternal QoL and is influenced by educational level and income, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to support mothers with multiple ASD children. While individual support is important, prioritizing societal accessibility may offer more effective long-term solutions by proactively addressing systemic challenges faced by autistic individuals and their families.