bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Que memória têm as imagens? Arquivo de um trabalho etnográfico na favela Cidade de Deus
Authors: Porfírio Iago
Published: April 2024

A proposta, por um lado, deste artigo é trabalhar imagens de arquivo de modo a constituir, na relação imagem-palavra, uma narrativa sobre o despejo sofrido e suas consequências por famílias de uma favela em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, a favela Cidade de Deus. Por outro, o objetivo é fazer uma reflexão sobre a imagem enquanto instrumento que desmonta e escreve a história a partir de sua própria historicidade. As imagens foram feitas para uma pesquisa etnográfica que desenvolvi junto a essa comunidade, de 2014 a 2017. O estudo procurou refletir e dar visibilidade para as diferentes histórias que formavam a favela e, com isso, debater a violação dos Direitos Humanos fundamentais desses moradores. Assim, o leitor visita a favela por meio da escrita visual, ao mesmo tempo em que se aproxima da realidade social narrada a partir das palavras.
Investigation of in vitro susceptibility of OXA48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales to ceftazidime-avibactam over a 4-year period : a longitudinal retrospective study
Authors:   , Ndumo Nomagugu
Published: April 2024

Background One of the many health issues plaguing our society is the emergence of infectious agents that are resistant to treatment. This has resulted in multiple deaths over the years. Among multi-drug resistant pathogens of note are carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE). As one of the measures to treat these super-bugs, the ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) drug was formulated, and approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015. Though not yet registered in South Africa at that time, susceptibility testing for CZA commenced at Lancet Laboratories in 2020. The drug was registered in South Africa in 2021. In the never-ending struggle to prevent the development of resistance to new drugs, surveillance measures need to be put in place to facilitate early detection of the beginning of a resistance pattern. In this way, early action can be taken to prevent further development of resistance. Material and Methods In this study, susceptibility patterns of the OXA48 subtype of CPE were measured and compared over 24 months to detect any resistance trend. In addition, isolates stored prior to 2020 were tested for CZA susceptibility, and a comparison made to the post-CZA-testing group. The demographic distribution of the OXA48 infections was also analysed. The different species of OXA48 CPE were compared to determine which of the enterobacterales exhibits more resistance to CZA. The PCR method was used to determine the carbapenemase type. The K-B method was used to determine CZA susceptibility. Bacterial identification was obtained using the MALDI-MS method. Results All eight OXA48 isolates from 2018 and 2019 were susceptible to CZA, yielding 0% resistance. 6% of the OXA48 isolates from 2020 were resistant, while 9% from 2021 were resistant. 81% of all the OXA48 isolates from 2020/2021 were Klebsiella pneumoniae, while the same species constituted 86% of the CZA resistant population. 58% of the OXA48 isolates from 2020/2021 were isolated from the Durban area. There was 100% CZA susceptibility in the 2018/2019 period, compared to the 92.5% in the 2020/2021 period. Conclusion The beginning of a resistance trend was observed between the years 2020 and 2021. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant species of OXA48 CPE isolated. Most OXA48 isolates cultured between January 2020 and December 2021 were from the Durban area. No statistical significance was discovered in the difference in CZA susceptibility between the 2018/2019 and the 2020/2021 periods.
Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography method for the determination of doxorubicin in proliposomal drug delivery system formulation
Authors: Diril Mine , Ege Mehmet Ali , Karasulu Yesim
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study develop a novel proliposome formulation containing Doxorubicin (Dox) and was to validate sensitive and selective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the evaluation of Dox concentrations of proliposome formulation. The samples were chromatographed on C18 column (Zorbax Eclipse Plus 5µm 4.6 x 250 mm) using a mobile phase with Sodium Lauryl Sulphate solution:Acetonitrile (%50:%50) and detected 254 nm. Linearity was confirmed in the concentration range 10.0–75.0 µg/mL. Specificity, linearity, working range, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, precision, robustness and system suitability studies were done from HPLC validation parameters. Liposome formulation containing Dox was developed by pH gradient method then proliposome formulation was developed with lyophilisation technique. The developed HPLC method, the encapsulation capacity (EE%) was found to be 90%±0.5 and the drug loading capacity (DL%) was found to be 100.0%±0.3. In addition, in vitro release studies and stability study results were evaluated with validated HPLC method. It was observed that developed Dox-proliposome formulation increased Dox release at pH 5.5, pH 6.5 and pH 7.5 by 23.9%, 30.2% and 14.8%, respectively, compared to commercial product. The result of F2 test performed in pH 7.5 media was 51.4%. According to the results of the physicochemical tests performed within the stability studies, it was observed that there was no significant change at the end of 12 months. These results show that the HPLC method developed, and validation study performed are important and applicable in the development, characterization, in vitro release and stability studies of the novel proliposome formulation.
BAKİ'NİN "SALDIN BENİ" REDİFLİ MUSAMMAT GAZELİ ÜZERİNE ÜSLUP İNCELEMESİ
Authors: Canberk Umut
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada Baki’nin bir gazeli üzerine üslup çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile bir gazel ekseninde Baki’nin üslubu hakkında tespitler ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma, giriş ve sonuç bölümleri hariç toplamda üç bölümden müteşekkildir. Birinci bölümde Dil Özellikleri başlığında manzumenin sesbilimsel, sözcüksel ve sözdizimsel özellikleri incelenmiştir. Sesbilimsel Özellikler başlığında gazelin ahenk unsurlarını oluşturan vezin, kafiye ve redif, ünlü ve ünsüz tekrarları ile seciye yer verilmiştir. Sözcüksel Özellikler başlığında gazeldeki kelime ve kelime gruplarının anlama katkısı, Sözdizimsel Özellikler başlığında ise cümle yapılarının anlam ile ilişkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünü Muhteva başlığı oluşturmaktadır. Bu başlık altında her beyit önce nesir ve dil içi cümlelerine çevrilmiş daha sonra detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmıştır. Makalenin son bölümünü ise Edebi Özellikler başlığı oluşturmaktadır. Bu bölümde gazeldeki edebi sanatlar anlam ile ilişkilendirilerek sunulmuştur. Sonuç bölümünde ise elde edilen bilgi ve bulgulara yer verilerek çalışma sonlandırılmıştır. Çalışmadaki amaç, Baki’nin bu gazelindeki üslubu hakkında okuyucuya bir fikir sunabilmektir
Gestured Space as a First Introduction to Model Making
Authors: Vandenhende Karel
Published: April 2024

When talking about modelling in architectural education, the question of whether we should focus on digital or analogue models easily pops up. But both have advantages and disadvantages. Virtual models are efficient and easily adaptable. Physical models incorporate tactility and better express the designer’s chosen position. More important is to use the right model at the right moment in the design process. However, they both have the disadvantage of focusing on the objects, the volumes and planes, and not on the voids defined by these objects. After all, architecture is all about designing spaces and places. We design objects, walls, floors and ceilings, but only to create these places with specific characteristics. Experienced designers know this workaround. But if beginning architecture students start making models as we know them, they might get a wrong understanding of what the focus in architecture should be about. This can be partly countered by showing them how to make negative models—for example, carving out space out of a block in clay. An even faster way of modelling space is by using hands to define voids. A vertically positioned hand can evoke a wall. A horizontal hand can call up a floor. Young designers can easily focus on the design of the voids because their hands are already there; they shouldn’t be designed anymore. Larger surfaces can be created by more hands by more collaborating designers. `More curved or broken surfaces can be easily made by manipulating the hands, for example, by bending the hand or just a few fingers. In architectural education in our school, we have let students use their hands to create scaled spaces before making other models as we know them.
DIGITAL UNIVERSITY. CONCEPT OF CREATION
Authors: Stryzhak O. Ye.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the problem of creating and implementing a digital university. The author defines a digital university as a certain mega-educational service implemented on the basis of digital intelligent protocols for training specialists in various fields with a view to obtaining higher education and supporting research and educational activities. The component architecture of cognitive services of a digital university is defined as a technological basis for the provision of educational services. The following system components are defined: scientific education, world view, ontology, taxonomy of information resources, transdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity of information resources, transdisciplinary education, cognitive technologies, knowledge capsule, narrative of information resources, university capacity, educational logistics, etc. The article describes educational and technological areas and their system components, which include: the formation of transdisciplinary educational clusters of scientific, educational and methodological literature; automatic systematization, classification and ordering by certain parameters of descriptions of scientific, scientific, technical and educational products and publications recommended for use in the educational process; creation of curricula in an ontological format; information and analytical assessment of the scientific relevance of the content of narratives of academic disciplines to modern challenges of development of specialized knowledge systems; creation of interactive knowledge bases on thematic profiles of academic disciplines; creation of a library of knowledge capsules for different curricula; formation of a digital image of each university teacher and each department; formation of classrooms for each student, taking into account the profile of his/her studies; formation of a digital image of each student, determination of evaluation criteria. The method of transdisciplinary consolidation of networked information and educational resources and knowledge systems in the operational environment of student research and educational activities is described. Characteristics of the cognitive-communicative scenario of consolidated interaction of students with digital narratives, educational assets and teachers are provided. The article presents the characteristics of the two-circuit operational space of a digital university and generalizes the scheme of consolidated interaction of a student with the educational resources of a digital university.
A APRENDIZAGEM ATRAVÉS DA OBSERVAÇÃO PODE SE DESTACAR COMO UMA ESTRATÉGIA IMPORTANTE DE ENSINO PARA OS ESTUDANTES QUE ENFRENTAM DIFICULDADES NAS PRIMEIRAS ETAPAS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Labs Alva Valéria Moro , Gimiliani Tiago Escame , Coutinho Diogenes José Gusmão
Published: April 2024

O artigo salienta que muitos são os desafios na área educacional que o professor enfrenta, referente a alunos com dificuldade de aprendizagem e que a aprendizagem por observação pode emergir como uma estratégia para ajudar na aprendizagem. Segundo Bandura (1969), o conhecimento de processo por modelação proporciona que os indivíduos efetuem mudanças pessoais, organizacionais e sociais. É notório, que o número de alunos que sentem dificuldades em aprender tem aumentado consideravelmente, o que leva a muitos deles, a perderem o interesse pela escola, criando um clima de insegurança e a perda da autoestima. O fracasso escolar afeta o aprender do sujeito em suas manifestações sem chegar a aprisionar a inteligência: muitas vezes surge do choque entre o aprendente e a instituição educativa que funciona de forma segregadora. Segundo Fernández (1990), as dificuldades de aprendizagem são “fraturas” no processo de aprendizagem, onde estão em jogo o organismo, o corpo, a inteligência e o desejo.
Summertime tropospheric ozone source apportionment study in the Madrid region (Spain)
Authors: de la Paz David , Borge Rafael , de Andrés Juan Manuel , Tovar Luis , Sarwar Golam , Napelenok Sergey L.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The design of emission abatement measures to effectively reduce high ground-level ozone (O3) concentrations in urban areas is very complex. In addition to the strongly non-linear chemistry of this secondary pollutant, precursors can be released by a variety of sources in different regions, and locally produced O3 is mixed with that transported from the regional or continental scales. All of these processes depend also on the specific meteorological conditions and topography of the study area. Consequently, high-resolution comprehensive modeling tools are needed to understand the drivers of photochemical pollution and to assess the potential of local strategies to reduce adverse impacts from high tropospheric O3 levels. In this study, we apply the Integrated Source Apportionment Method (ISAM) implemented in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ v5.3.2) model to investigate the origin of summertime O3 in the Madrid region (Spain). Consistent with previous studies, our results confirm that O3 levels are dominated by non-local contributions, representing around 70 % of mean values across the region. Nonetheless, precursors emitted by local sources, mainly road traffic, play a more important role during O3 peaks, with contributions as high as 25 ppb. The potential impact of local measures is higher under unfavorable meteorological conditions associated with regional accumulation patterns. These findings suggest that this modeling system may be used in the future to simulate the potential outcomes of specific emission abatement measures to prevent high-O3 episodes in the Madrid metropolitan area.
Regional effects and local climate jointly shape the global distribution of sexual systems in woody flowering plants
Authors: Zhang Minhua , Hu Xiaoqing , He Fangliang
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Understanding the evolution and maintenance of plant sexual diversity needs to incorporate both regional processes and local climate factors across large geographic scales. Using data of woody flowering plants from a global set of large-scale forest plots and multinomial logistic regression, we quantified regional effects on the proportions of dioecious, monoecious, and hermaphroditic species and their abundance while incorporating evolutionary history and local climate factors. Our results showed that plants were more likely to be dioecious than hermaphroditic in Oceania and tropical Asia but were more likely to be monoecious than dioecious in Europe and North America compared with tropical Africa. We further found that plants were more likely to be monoecious than dioecious in island communities. Plants were more likely to be monoecious than dioecious in areas with high precipitation but were more likely to be dioecious than monoecious in areas with high precipitation of coldest quarter. Our results suggest that both regional processes and local climate factors play important roles in shaping the geographic distribution of plant sexual systems, providing a baseline for predicting future changes in forest communities in the context of global change.
Multi-model comparison of trends and controls of near-bed oxygen concentration on the northwest European continental shelf under climate change
Authors: Galli Giovanni , Wakelin Sarah , Harle James , Holt Jason , Artioli Yuri
Published: April 2024

Abstract. We present an analysis of the evolution of near-bed oxygen in the next century in the northwest European continental shelf in a three-member ensemble of coupled physics–biogeochemistry models. The comparison between model results helps highlight the biogeochemical mechanisms responsible for the observed deoxygenation trends and their response to climate drivers. While all models predict a decrease in near-bed oxygen proportional to climate change intensity, the response is spatially heterogeneous, with hotspots of oxygen decline (up to −1 mg L−1) developing along the Norwegian trench in the members with the most intense change, as well as areas where compensating mechanisms mitigate change. We separate the components of oxygen change associated with the warming effect on oxygen solubility from those due to the effects of changes in transport and biological processes. We find that while warming is responsible for a mostly uniform decline throughout the shelf (−0.30 mg L−1 averaged across ensemble members), changes in transport and biological processes account for the detected heterogeneity. Hotspots of deoxygenation are associated with enhanced stratification that greatly reduces vertical transport. A major change in circulation in the North Sea is responsible for the onset of one such hotspot that develops along the Norwegian trench and adjacent areas in the members characterised by intense climate change. Conversely, relatively shallow and well-mixed coastal areas like the southern North Sea, Irish Sea and English Channel experience an increase in net primary production that partially mitigates oxygen decline in all members. This work represents the first multi-model comparison addressing deoxygenation in the northwest European shelf and contributes to characterising the possible trajectories of near-bed oxygen and the processes that drive deoxygenation in this region. As our downscaled members factor in riverine inputs and small- and medium-scale circulation, which are not usually well represented in earth system models, results are relevant for the understanding of deoxygenation in coastal and shelf systems.
Effects of weather and climate on fluctuations of grain prices in southwestern Bohemia, 1725–1824 CE
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Lhoták Jan , Chromá Kateřina , Dobrovolný Petr
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Grain prices in early modern Europe reflected the effects of weather and climate on crop yields and a complex array of societal and socio-economic factors. This study presents a newly developed series of grain prices for Sušice (southwestern Bohemia, Czech Republic) for the period 1725–1824 CE, based on various archival sources. It aims to analyse their relationships with weather and climate, represented by temperature, precipitation, and drought (self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index, scPDSI) reconstructions, as well as particular weather extremes and anomalies reported in documentary evidence. Wheat, rye, barley, and oats series in Sušice showed high mutual correlations. The mean highest prices during the year typically occurred from May to July before the harvest, while prices usually declined afterwards. Wheat, rye, and barley prices were significantly negatively correlated with spring temperatures and positively correlated with scPDSI from winter to summer. This indicates that wetter winters, cooler and wetter springs, and wetter summers contributed to higher prices. The extremely high grain prices in the years 1746, 1771–1772, 1802–1806, and 1816–1817 were separately analysed with respect to weather and climate patterns and other socio-economic and political factors. The results obtained were discussed in relation to data uncertainty, factors influencing grain prices, and the broader European context.
On the relative role of abiotic and biotic controls in channel network development: insights from scaled tidal flume experiments
Authors: Hautekiet Sarah , Rossius Jan-Eike , Gourgue Olivier , Kleinhans Maarten , Temmerman Stijn
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Tidal marshes provide highly valued ecosystem services, which depend on variations in the geometric properties of the tidal channel networks dissecting marsh landscapes. The development and evolution of channel network properties are controlled by both abiotic (dynamic flow–landform feedbacks) and biotic processes (e.g. vegetation–flow–landform feedbacks). However, the relative role of biotic and abiotic processes, and under which condition one or the other is more dominant, remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of spatio-temporal plant colonization patterns on tidal channel network development through flume experiments. Four scaled experiments mimicking tidal landscape development were conducted in a tidal flume facility: two control experiments without vegetation, a third experiment with hydrochorous vegetation colonization (i.e. seed dispersal via the tidal flow), and a fourth with patchy colonization (i.e. by direct seeding on the sediment bed). Our results show that more dense and efficient channel networks are found in the vegetation experiments, especially in the hydrochorous seeding experiment with slower vegetation colonization. Further, an interdependency between abiotic and biotic controls on channel development can be deduced. Whether biotic factors affect channel network development seems to depend on the force of the hydrodynamic energy and the stage of the system development. Vegetation–flow–landform feedbacks are only dominant in contributing to channel development in places where intermediate hydrodynamic energy levels occur and mainly have an impact during the transition phase from a bare to a vegetated landscape state. Overall, our findings suggest a zonal domination of abiotic processes at the seaward side of intertidal basins, while biotic processes have an additional effect on system development more towards the landward side.
Bergen metrics: composite error metrics for assessing performance of climate models using EURO-CORDEX simulations
Authors: Samantaray Alok K. , Mooney Priscilla A. , Vivacqua Carla A.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Error metrics are useful for evaluating model performance and have been used extensively in climate change studies. Despite the abundance of error metrics in the literature, most studies use only one or two metrics. Since each metric evaluates a specific aspect of the relationship between the reference data and model data, restricting the comparison to just one or two metrics limits the range of insights derived from the analysis. This study proposes a new framework and composite error metrics called Bergen metrics to summarize the overall performance of climate models and to ease interpretation of results from multiple error metrics. The framework of Bergen metrics are based on the p norm, and the first norm is selected to evaluate the climate models. The framework includes the application of a non-parametric clustering technique to multiple error metrics to reduce the number of error metrics with minimum information loss. An example of Bergen metrics is provided through its application to the large ensemble of regional climate simulations available from the EURO-CORDEX initiative. This study calculates 38 different error metrics to assess the performance of 89 regional climate simulations of precipitation and temperature over Europe. The non-parametric clustering technique is applied to these 38 metrics to reduce the number of metrics to be used in Bergen metrics for eight different sub-regions in Europe. These provide useful information about the performance of the error metrics in different regions. Results show it is possible to observe contradictory behaviour among error metrics when examining a single model. Therefore, the study also underscores the significance of employing multiple error metrics depending on the specific use case to achieve a thorough understanding of the model behaviour.
Intercomparisons of Tracker v1.1 and four other ocean particle-tracking software packages in the Regional Ocean Modeling System
Authors: Xiong Jilian , MacCready Parker
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Particle tracking is widely utilized to study transport features in a range of physical, chemical, and biological processes in oceanography. In this study, a new offline particle-tracking package, Tracker v1.1, is introduced, and its performance is evaluated in comparison to an online Eulerian dye, one online particle-tracking software package, and three offline particle-tracking software packages in a small, high-resolution model domain and a large coarser model domain. It was found that both particle and dye approaches give similar results across different model resolutions and domains when they were tracking the same water mass, as indicated by similar mean advection pathways and spatial distributions of dye and particles. The flexibility of offline particle tracking and its similarity against online dye and online particle tracking make it a useful tool to complement existing ocean circulation models. The new Tracker was shown to be a reliable particle-tracking package to complement the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) with the advantages of platform independence and speed improvements, especially in large model domains achieved by the nearest-neighbor search algorithm. Lastly, trade-offs of computational efficiency, modifiability, and ease of use that can influence the choice of which package to use are explored. The main value of the present study is that the different particle and dye tracking codes were all run on the same model output or within the model that generated the output. This allows some measure of intercomparison between the different tracking schemes, and we conclude that all choices that make each tracking package unique do not necessarily lead to very different results.
Firn air content changes on Antarctic ice shelves under three future warming scenarios
Authors: Veldhuijsen Sanne B. M. , van de Berg Willem Jan , Kuipers Munneke Peter , van den Broeke Michiel R.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Antarctic firn layer provides pore space in which an estimated 94 % to 96 % of the surface melt refreezes or is retained as liquid water. Future depletion of firn pore space by increased surface melt, densification and formation of low-permeability ice slabs can potentially lead to meltwater ponding, hydrofracturing and ice-shelf disintegration. Here, we investigate the 21st-century evolution of total firn air content (FAC) and accessible FAC (i.e. the pore space that meltwater can reach) across Antarctic ice shelves. We use the semi-empirical IMAU Firn Densification Model (IMAU-FDM) with an updated dynamical densification expression to cope with changing climate forcing. The firn model is forced by general circulation model output of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) for three climate emission scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5), dynamically downscaled to a 27 km horizontal resolution by the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model version 2.3p2 (RACMO2.3p2). To estimate accessible FAC, we prescribe a relationship between ice-slab thickness and permeability. In our simulations, ice shelves on the Antarctic Peninsula and the Roi Baudouin Ice Shelf in Dronning Maud Land are particularly vulnerable to total FAC depletion (> 50 % decrease by 2100), even for low-emission (SSP1-2.6) and intermediate-emission (SSP2-4.5) scenarios. In the high-emission (SSP5-8.5) scenario in particular, the formation of ice slabs further reduces accessible FAC on ice shelves with low accumulation rates (current rates of < 500 mmw.e.yr-1), including many East Antarctic ice shelves and the Filchner–Ronne, Ross, Pine Island and Larsen C ice shelves. These results underline the potentially large vulnerability of low-accumulation ice shelves to firn air depletion through ice-slab formation.
THE MAIN STAGES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION OF THE POLISH REPUBLIC
Authors: Indira Sovetovna Saktaganova , Zhuldiz Oryntaykizi Oshakbayeva , Anel Rakhmetzhanovna Ensebayeva
Published: April 2024

In the first part of the review article devoted to the history of the development and formation of the Social Insurance Administration of the Republic of Poland, the main stages of its formation are considered. The prerequisites for its occurrence and the current structure are analyzed through the use of comparative and factor analysis, retrospective and statistical-analytical research methods. The existing national statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a tool for collecting and accumulating information on the nomenclature list of occupational diseases, injuries and fatal accidents as part of their monitoring, as well as creating a database of statistical data, does not take into account the influence of many negative factors of the working environment. In this regard, at the national level, there is a need for a unified approach to strategic static studies of all types of negative factors of the working environment, working conditions. The scientific justification of this process is aimed at finding, adapting, developing and testing the best international practices and ways to introduce the latest forms of digital statistical reporting tools, which is impossible without a retrospective analysis. At the moment, the state policy in the field of labor protection has a preventive orientation, which is reflected in the need to automate the processes of forming and implementing statistical observations of the state of labor protection. This should be preceded by work to radically improve the domestic system of statistical observations, taking into account the best practices of the OECD countries. One of such striking examples is Poland's developments based on its own historical background, as well as on modern principles, standards and approaches of Eurostat.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF VENTURE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Yerbol Musinovich Abaideldinov , Mira Zhumagazievna Kulikpayeva
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the issues of organizational and legal support for the industrial and innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the adoption by our country of a number of state programs, Concepts, legislation and other documents in this area and their content relating to the issues of innovation and closely related to it, as a growing popularity, venture entrepreneurship. The origin of this high-risk business abroad and the beginning of its operation on the territory of Kazakhstan, as well as its modern legal regulation, contained, due to its difficult, complex specifics, in a number of codes, laws, government decrees, etc. are analyzed. It is noted that, to date, neither domestic investors on behalf of companies or individuals, nor foreign investors today are particularly interested in investing in an innovative economy, in projects related to venture financing. In turn, innovation activity, as a result of venture entrepreneurship, requires an integrated approach to regulation, taking into account its various components (intellectual, financial, scientific, etc.). The state creates conditions for attracting investments, developing venture business, taking a rather balanced approach to financing this business by supporting innovation activities provided by the subjects of the innovation system, including by investing in innovative projects, creating legal entities with foreign participation, creating or participating in investment and venture funds; development of risk investment funds, venture funds and venture financing, etc. The measures taken by the state continue to improve, and the authors of the article formulated some proposals in this direction.
Evaluation of Individuals' Mouthwash Buying and Using Habits
Authors: Güney Zeliha , Serdar Ceyhan C , Karacaoğlu Fatma , Kurgan Sivge
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Mouthwash use includes processes such as recognizing the problem, collecting information, and evaluating alternatives, and it has been associated with a variety of factors including sociodemographic traits, health, and behavioral aspects. In light of this information, our study aims to evaluate patients' purchase and use habits of mouthwashes.
Materials & Methods: 500 patients who applied to Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Periodontology were included in our study. The patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire consisting of 24 questions about mouthwash usage habits. Data were evaluated with PASW version 20 software. To assess the association between variables, the Chi-square test was performed.
Results: 59% of the participants are women, 29.8% consist of individuals between the ages of 18-24, 15.2% of individuals between the ages of 25-34, and 18.3% of individuals between the ages of 35-44. 54.2% of the participants have been using mouthwash for the last 2 years, and 34.5% prefer it because it kills bacteria. This was followed by the answers to prevent gingival diseases, prevent bad breath, and whiten teeth, respectively. The dentist's recommendation is the most important factor affecting the participants when buying mouthwash, but 72% of the participants go to the dentist when needed.
Conclusion: Mouthwash usage is related to factors such as the frequency of dental visits and tooth brushing, so all individuals in the community should be educated about mouthwash.
Keywords: Oral health, Mouthwash, Preventive dentistry
Comparison of Dentoalveolar Expansion with Clear Aligners by Using Two Different Treatment Protocols in the Early Mixed Dentition: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Karslı Nurver , Yurdakul Zehra , Çobanoğlu Gözde , Çetinkaya Tokmak Ebru , Gogen Hakan
Published: April 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different expansion protocols on tooth movements during maxillary arch expansion with Invisalign First System® (IFS) in the mixed dentition.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using digital models of 20 patients treated with sequential expansion (MFE, mean age: 7.88±0.60; 9 girls, 11 boys) and 20 patients treated with simultaneous expansion (SIE, mean age: 7.94±0.51; 12 girls, 8 boys) acquired before (T0) and after (T1) treatment. Maxillary parameters were measured on each model at T0 and T1. Mann Whitney U tests were used for comparisons between groups, and Wilcoxon tests were used for the analysis of intra-group.
Results: In both groups, the greatest increase of maxillary arch width (AW) was determined at both the cusp tips and gingival levels of the upper first deciduous molars followed by the second deciduous molars and by the deciduous canines (p < 0.01). The lowest increase of AW was found in the at the permanent first molars (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Both protocols with IFS can be considered effective in patients in early mixed dentition. The greatest increase was detected at the level of the upper first deciduous molars, whereas the least increase was observed at the level of the first permanent molars.
Key Words: Clear Aligners, Invisalign® First system, Mixed dentition
Navigating the Virtual Realm of Hate: Analysis of Policies Combating Online Hate Speech in the Italian-European Context
Authors: Battista Daniele , Uva Gabriele
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of policies to counter online hate speech on social platforms. This analysis is approached through an interdisciplinary approach that combines sociological and legal perspectives to provide a non-partisan understanding of the phenomenon. The research consists of two phases: the first phase provides a general framework for the subject under examination, attempting to clearly delineate – on a definitional level – hate speech, emphasising its growing relevance in contemporary social dynamics; the second phase, focuses on an examination of the European value and regulatory framework, with particular reference to the civil law remedies that can be used in the Italian legal system to counteract the spread of online hate speech. This methodology makes it possible to identify the countervailing tools to which private individuals can resort in order to meet the requirements of justice and fairness. In this sense, the article aims to offer a broad overview of the subject matter, providing a contribution to the academic debate and to the understanding of the challenges related to the fight against online hate speech on social networks.
Post-Separation Parenting Apps in the Context of Family Violence: Harm Minimisation versus Harm Facilitation
Authors: Irving Michelle
Published: April 2024

Post-separation parenting apps are designed for separated parents to use as a dedicated space for child-related communication and organisation. Their enhanced record-keeping features often lead to recommendations for their use within the context of family law and they are likely to appeal to victim/survivors of family violence. However, concerns have also been raised about their potential misuse by perpetrating parents. Using responses to an online survey about post-separation parenting apps, this study explores the tension between the harms and benefits of app use under these circumstances. Data were examined from 33 mothers who reported experiencing family violence via parenting apps. Comparative methods were used to contrast those who endorsed beneficial outcomes from app use with those whose outcomes were detrimental (net-benefit case group [n = 24] vs net-detriment case group [n = 9], respectively). Overall, mothers in the net-benefit case group reported a shorter time since separation (M = 3 years) and fewer experiences of app misuse by the other parent. For these mothers, apps worked to minimise harmful perpetrator conduct by deterring and/or capturing abusive behaviours and affording containment and boundary setting around interactions. By contrast, those in the net-detriment case group were separated longer (M = 6.9 years) and reported a higher incidence of app misuse and fear. These participants experienced a range of app-facilitated harms centred on perpetrators’ false narratives and manipulation. These results suggests that while post-separation parenting apps may be useful harm-minimisation tools for many victim/survivors of post-separation family violence, they are not a panacea for parenting communication in all such contexts – particularly where there is entrenched coercive control.
Computational exploration of two-dimensional materials for photocatalytic water splitting
Authors:   , Alhaidar Abdulrahman Haidar A
Published: April 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have outstanding electronic and physical properties, both in theory and practice, which make them suitable for hydrogen production using water splitting. The exploration of new 2D materials that have excellent visible-light absorption and suitable band alignment is essential for efficient photostatic water splitting. In this work, we computationally studied structural properties, edge positions of the conduction band minimum (CBM) and the valence band maximum (VBM), and electronic, and optical properties for unexplored 2D materials using density functional theory (DFT).
Into the deep: An exploration of deepfake as an innovation for marketing communication
Authors:   , Whittaker Lucas
Published: April 2024

Marketers are beginning to adopt AI-facilitated deepfake marketing communications, however, deepfakes can be perceived as deceptive by consumers and potentially damaging to marketing practice. This thesis by publication synthesises a new definition of deepfakes as a communications tool that is neither good or bad, and also proposes that deepfakes can both benefit and harm marketing practice, customers, and organisations. This research provides new evidence indicating that the extent to which a deepfake-altered advertisement looks realistic, in addition to whether and how deepfake alteration is disclosed, influences whether the psychological processing of a deepfake-altered advertisement is positive or negative.
“Failing splendidly” and the price of success: Feminist struggle between revolution and reformation
Authors: Huegel Viktoria
Published: April 2024

With Euripides’s Bacchae Honig, in A Feminist Theory of Refusal (2021), chooses a story that easily can be read as an “errant path”: the story of a group of “honey-mad” women who, driven by a Dionysian force, slaughter their own kin and are eventually put back into place by fatherly reprimand. Against that, Honig retells the story of the women of Cithaeron as what W.E.B. Du Bois called a “splendid failure” - “a possibility first nurtured outside the city is extinguished, but memory remains” (p. 5). In the three moments that I look at in the following, we find an affirmative politics and a politics of celebration that Honig herself follows in her writing: she lays new foundations upon which future democratic struggle can build. The narrative of “failure,” even in the “splendid form” that Honig employs, however, misses an important aspect of the story: namely the violence and forms of domination that held back the city.  Honig reproaches Arendt for not being attuned to the archive’s logic of closure that prevents the seeds of the women’s struggle to flourish in the city. But is Honig? Recognizing the conditions that have led to the bacchant’s failure might push us to think about the work of reformation, or rather transformation, as part of a revolutionary feminist struggle.
The Effect of Internal Marketing on Organizational Culture Organizational Efficiency in the Beauty Hair Industry Field
Authors: Heo Yang-Im , Park Eun-Jun
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of internal marketing on organizational culture and organizational effectiveness among employees working in beauty salons, and to find out the correlation between the culture in which employees are satisfied with their jobs and their long-term retention. The survey for this study was conducted for 47 days from June 20, 2023 to August 5, 2023, targeting beauty workers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gwangju Metropolitan City, and Jeju Island, collecting data with an online selfadministered questionnaire for men and women aged 10 to 50, and 420 questionnaires were distributed, and the final 409 were used for analysis after excluding inappropriate questionnaires, and analyzed using SPSS 22.0 statistical analysis program, we found that the subfactors of internal marketing positively influenced the subfactors of organizational culture and organizational effectiveness, indicating that it is important to give positive energy through open communication in a free atmosphere, and that the creation and support of training environment and systematic promotion and reward system are important for building organizational culture, and that the subfactors of organizational culture positively influenced the subfactors of organizational effectiveness, indicating that it is important to have a friendly atmosphere and cooperative relationship within the organization, work compliance, work performance, and common goals of the organization, which have a positive effect on long-term service, job performance, and job satisfaction. In conclusion, the development of employees' organizational culture through internal marketing will lead to long-term retention through job satisfaction and performance, which will increase customer satisfaction and have a positive impact on individuals and companies. Future research should use this study as a basis for further research by expanding the region and target audience.
Educational Needs Analysis on Actual Conditions & Educational Contents for Develop the Image Making Education Program
Authors: Jung Hye-Min , Choi Hwa-Jung
Published: April 2024

Image making is a very important factor for people whose jobs involve providing services face-to-face with customers. In particular, the image of a beauty worker has a positive impact not only on communication with customers but also on work performance. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the education status and education content needed when developing education for beauty majors through a needs survey and prepare the basis for educational materials. A questionnaire was distributed to a total of 460 beauty majors and collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows 25.0, and frequency analysis, cross-tabulation, and descriptive statistical analysis were performed. First, out of 460 respondents, only 66 (14.3%) had participated in an image-making education program. Most of the respondents said that they participated in the training program through school classes and received once in school. Second, the appropriate frequency of training was found to be once a week for 1-2 hours per session, and the highest frequency was for lecture+practice blending classes. Third, the contents ranked 1 to 3 among the educational contents are as follows. the first rank was 'manners and etiquette', the second was 'facial expression management', the third was 'service response skills'. Teaching method is preferred a combination of lecture and practice. As duration of training, once a week and 1-2 hours per session were the most preferred. In this study, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data for future program development by analyzing the educational status and educational content.
The Influence of Environment-friendly Beauty Consumers’ Lifestyle on Environmental Awareness and Consumption Behavior: Focusing on Generation MZ
Authors: Baek Min-Ji , Lee In-Hee
Published: April 2024

In this study, the influence of environment-friendly beauty consumers’ lifestyle on environmental awareness and consumption behavior was examined, and the examination was focused on Generation MZ. An online survey was conducted from July 27th 2023 to August 11th 2023 among 310 Generation-MZ consumers in their 20’s~40’s with environment-friendly beauty purchase experience. Based on the study results, it was confirmed that environment-friendly beauty consumers’ lifestyle had a statistically significant influence on environmental awareness and consumption behavior. Through this study, it was able to confirm that the lifestyle of Generation MZ serving as the main consumers in the current era and expressing their beliefs through consumption had a positive influence on environmental awareness and consumption behavior. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to not only developing environment-friendly beauty products, but also establishing differentiated marketing strategies, through providing baseline data to the environment-friendly beauty industry.
The Effect of Female College Students’ Perfume Consumption Propensities on Brand Attitudes and Brand Equity
Authors: Song Yeon-Ju , Lee In-Hee
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of female college students’ perfume consumption propensities on their brand attitudes and brand equity and to provide the fundamental data essential to establish a perfume brand marketing strategy. From August 14 to 28, 2023, an online questionnaire survey had been conducted with female college students who experienced any purchase of perfume. A total of 316 data were used for a final analysis. The results are as follows. First, regarding the effects of female college students’ consumption propensities on their brand attitudes towards perfume, more propensities for resource saving, planned purchase, and impulse buying-which are sub factors of consumption propensities-indicate higher brand attitudes. Second, regarding the effects of their consumption propensities on their brand equity for perform, more propensities for planned purchase, resource saving, and impulse buying indicate higher brand equity. Third, the impulsive buying tendency was the highest in the consumption tendency, and the resource saving tendency and planned buying tendency were high in the brand equity and the brand attitude. Based on the study results, it is considered that the study will be able to help to make reliable brand products in consideration perfume consumption propensities and to activate the perfume market.