bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and validation of web-based nomograms for detecting and prognosticating in prostate adenocarcinoma with bone metastasis
Authors: Dong Qiu , Wu Xiaoting , Gan Wenyi , MOK Tsz Ngai , Shen Juan , Zha Zhengang , Chen Junyuan
Published: November 2022

Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the most common sites of metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma (PA). PA with BM can significantly diminish patients’ quality of life and result in a poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to establish two web-based nomograms to estimate the risk and prognosis of BM in PA patients. From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, data on 308,332 patients diagnosed with PA were retrieved retrospectively. Logistic and Cox regression, respectively, were used to determine independent risk and prognostic factors. Then, We constructed two web-based nomograms and the results were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA) , and the Kaplan-Meier analyses. The independent risk factors for BM in PA patients included race, PSA, ISUP, T stage, N stage, brain, liver, lung metastasis, surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The independent prognostic predictors for overall survival (OS) were age, marital status, PSA, ISUP and liver metastasis. Both nomograms could effectively predict risk and prognosis of BM in PA patients according to the results of ROC curves, calibration, and DCA in the training and validation sets. And the Kaplan-Meier analysis illustrated that the prognostic nomogram could significantly distinguish the population with different survival risks. We successfully constructed the two web-based nomograms for predicting the incidence of BM and the prognosis of PA patients with BM, which may assist clinicians in optimizing the establishment of individualized treatment programs and enhancing patients’ prognoses.
The association between pre-gravid and first trimester maternal weight and its implications for clinical research studies
Authors: Retnakaran Ravi , Ye Chang , Wen Shi Wu , Tan Hongzhuan
Published: November 2022

In clinical research, weight measurement in first trimester is often treated as a surrogate for pre-pregnancy weight. The validity of this critical assumption, however, is uncertain. Thus, we sought to prospectively evaluate the relationship between pre-gravid weight and first trimester weight. In this prospective preconception observational cohort study, 474 newly-married women in Liuyang, China, underwent pre-gravid evaluation at median 17.7 weeks before a singleton pregnancy, during which they had weight measurement in first trimester. The relationship between pre-gravid and first trimester weight was assessed by Bland–Altman analysis, Concordance Correlation Coefficient, and Pearson correlation. Mean pre-gravid weight was 49.8 ± 6.4 kg and mean weight in first trimester was 51.1 ± 7.0 kg. The Concordance Correlation Coefficient between pre-gravid and first trimester weight was 0.76 (95% limits of agreement: 0.72–0.80) and Pearson correlation was r = 0.78 (p < 0.0001), indicative of good concordance and correlation. As the timing of the weight measurement in first trimester increased in weekly increments from < 8 weeks to 14 weeks, the Concordance Correlation Coefficient ranged between 0.69 to 0.76 and the Pearson correlation ranged from 0.71 to 0.78 (allp < 0.0001). In conclusion, the observed concordance between pre-gravid weight and weight measured at any point in the first trimester provides a measure of validation for the widespread practice in clinical research of treating first trimester weight measurement as a surrogate for maternal weight before pregnancy.
Effects of prolonged working hours on heart rate variability in internal medicine physicians
Authors: Nantsupawat Teerapat , Tungsuk Pongsatorn , Gunaparn Siriluck , Phrommintikul Arintaya , Wongcharoen Wanwarang
Published: November 2022

Prior studies have utilized heart rate variability (HRV) as the assessment tools for psychological and physiological stress during 24-h shift. However, data regarding effects of prolonged working hours > 24 h on HRV are limited. We aimed to compare between pre- and post-call HRV among physicians who worked 24 plus 8 h. The study included 60 physicians in the internal medicine training. All subjects underwent Holter ECG monitoring for HRV assessment. We compared between HRV of an 8-h regular workday (8am to 4 pm) before on-call duty (pre-call HRV) and an 8-h workday after 24-h on-call duty (post-call HRV). The mean age was 26 ± 2.5 years. Mean total sleep time during on-call duty was 238.9 ± 88.3 min. In overall population, the time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters were not different between pre- and post-call day. However, the physicians reported their sleep time in the 1st quartile (< 180 min) had significant increase in SDNN, pNN50, high frequency (HF), and decrease in low/high frequency ratio (LF/HF). In contrast, the physicians reported their sleep time in the 4th quartile (> 307.5 min) had significant decrease in pNN50, LF, HF, and increase in heart rate. Multiple linear regression revealed total sleep time as an independent factor associated with pre- and post-call HRV alterations. More sleep during on call (> 5 h) was associated with HRV pattern suggesting both increased sympathetic activity and reduced parasympathetic activity, while less sleep (< 3 h) during on call was associated with post-call parasympathetic rebound HRV pattern.
Accuracy, interpretability and usability study of a wireless self-guided fetal heartbeat monitor compared to cardiotocography
Authors: Porter Paul , Zhou Huaqiong , Schneider Brooke , Choveaux Jennifer , Bear Natasha , Della Phillip , Jones Kym
Published: November 2022

Fetal Cardiography is usually performed using in-hospital Cardiotocographic (CTG) devices to assess fetal wellbeing. New technologies may permit home-based, self-administered examinations. We compared the accuracy, clinical interpretability, and user experience of a patient-administered, wireless, fetal heartbeat monitor (HBM) designed for home use, to CTG. Initially, participants had paired HBM and CTG examinations performed in the clinic. Women then used the HBM unsupervised and rated the experience. Sixty-three women had paired clinic-based HBM and CTG recordings, providing 6982 fetal heart rate measures for point-to-point comparison from 126 min of continuous recording. The accuracy of the HBM was excellent, with limits of agreement (95%) for mean fetal heart rate (FHR) between 0.72 and −1.78 beats per minute. The FHR was detected on all occasions and confirmed to be different from the maternal heart rate. Both methods were equally interpretable by Obstetricians, and had similar signal loss ratios. Thirty-four (100%) women successfully detected the FHR and obtained clinically useful cardiographic data using the device at home unsupervised. They achieved the required length of recording required for non-stress test analysis. The monitor ranked in the 96–100th percentile for usability and learnability. The HBM is as accurate as gold-standard CTG, and provides equivalent clinical information enabling use in non-stress test analyses conducted outside of hospitals. It is usable by expectant mothers with minimal training.
ATP-binding and hydrolysis of human NLRP3
Authors: Brinkschulte Rebecca , Fußhöller David M. , Hoss Florian , Rodríguez-Alcázar Juan F. , Lauterbach Mario A. , Kolbe Carl-Christian , Rauen Melanie , Ince Semra , Herrmann Christian , Latz Eicke , Geyer Matthias
Published: November 2022

The innate immune system uses inflammasomal proteins to recognize danger signals and fight invading pathogens. NLRP3, a multidomain protein belonging to the family of STAND ATPases, is characterized by its central nucleotide-binding NACHT domain. The incorporation of ATP is thought to correlate with large conformational changes in NLRP3, leading to an active state of the sensory protein. Here we analyze the intrinsic ATP hydrolysis activity of recombinant NLRP3 by reverse phase HPLC. Wild-type NLRP3 appears in two different conformational states that exhibit an approximately fourteen-fold different hydrolysis activity in accordance with an inactive, autoinhibited state and an open, active state. The impact of canonical residues in the nucleotide binding site as the Walker A and B motifs and sensor 1 and 2 is analyzed by site directed mutagenesis. Cellular experiments show that reduced NLRP3 hydrolysis activity correlates with higher ASC specking after inflammation stimulation. Addition of the kinase NEK7 does not change the hydrolysis activity of NLRP3. Our data provide a comprehensive view on the function of conserved residues in the nucleotide-binding site of NLRP3 and the correlation of ATP hydrolysis with inflammasome activity.
A systematic scoping review of the sustainability of vertical farming, plant-based alternatives, food delivery services and blockchain in food systems
Authors: Bunge A. Charlotte , Wood Amanda , Halloran Afton , Gordon Line J.
Published: November 2022

Food system technologies (FSTs) are being developed to accelerate the transformation towards sustainable food systems. Here we conducted a systematic scoping review that accounts for multiple dimensions of sustainability to describe the extent, range and nature of peer-reviewed literature that assesses the sustainability performance of four FSTs: plant-based alternatives, vertical farming, food deliveries and blockchain technology. Included literature had a dominant focus on environmental sustainability and less on public health and socio-economic sustainability. Gaps in the literature include empirical assessments on the sustainability of blockchain technology, plant-based seafood alternatives, public health consequences of food deliveries and socio-economic consequences of vertical farming. The development of a holistic sustainability assessment framework that demonstrates the impact of deploying FSTs is needed to guide investments in and the development of sustainable food innovation.
Crowdsourcing bridge dynamic monitoring with smartphone vehicle trips
Authors: Matarazzo Thomas J. , Kondor Dániel , Milardo Sebastiano , Eshkevari Soheil S. , Santi Paolo , Pakzad Shamim N. , Buehler Markus J. , Ratti Carlo
Published: November 2022

Monitoring and managing the structural health of bridges requires expensive specialized sensor networks. In the past decade, researchers predicted that cheap ubiquitous mobile sensors would revolutionize infrastructure maintenance; yet extracting useful information in the field with sufficient precision remains challenging. Herein we report the accurate determination of critical physical properties, modal frequencies, of two real bridges from everyday vehicle trip data. We collected smartphone data from controlled field experiments and uncontrolled Uber rides on a long-span suspension bridge in the USA (The Golden Gate Bridge) and developed an analytical method to accurately recover modal properties. We also successfully applied the method to partially-controlled crowdsourced data collected on a short-span highway bridge in Italy. Further analysis projected that the inclusion of crowdsourced data in a maintenance plan for a new bridge could add over fourteen years of service (30% increase) without additional costs. Our results suggest that massive and inexpensive datasets collected by smartphones could play a role in monitoring the health of existing transportation infrastructure.
A batch processed titanium–vanadium oxide nanocomposite based solid-state electrochemical sensor for zeptomolar nucleic acid detection
Authors: Agarkar Tanvi , Tripathy Sayantan , Chawla Vipin , Sengupta Mrittika , Ghosh Souradyuti , Kumar Ashvani
Published: November 2022

A bi-electrode sensor with a transition metal oxide-based active layer for electrochemical DNA/RNA amplification detection is developed. The device offers sensitivity towards 102 and 101 copies of SARS-CoV-2 plasmid and RNA, respectively.
Bioinspired antifouling and antibacterial polymer coating with intrinsic self-healing property
Authors: Asha Anika Benozir , Ounkaew Artjima , Peng Yi-Yang , Gholipour Mohammad Reza , Ishihara Kazuhiko , Liu Yang , Narain Ravin
Published: November 2022

Multifunctional polymer based coatings with antifouling and antibacterial propertiesviaa prebiotic chemistry approach are reported here to combat biofouling related infections.
Structural characterization of a polysaccharide from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra) and its hypoglycemic effect and mechanism on type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Geng Xue-Qing , Pan Li-Chao , Sun Hui-Qing , Ren Yuan-Yuan , Zhu Zhen-Yuan
Published: November 2022

A novel acidic polysaccharide named AeP-P-1 was prepared from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra).
Spontaneous delamination of affordable natural vermiculite as a high barrier filler for biodegradable food packaging
Authors: Dudko Volodymyr , Timmins Renee L. , Khoruzhenko Olena , Röhrl Maximilian , Greve Christopher , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Tammelin Tekla , Agarwal Seema , Herzig Eva M. , Breu Josef
Published: November 2022

We present a new procedure for the delamination of vermiculites in organic solvents to make inexpensive yet high performing nanocomposite coatings for biodegradable food packaging.
Peptide-templated biomineralization of titanium dioxide toward improved light absorption and photodegradation activity
Authors: Tsuchiya Ryosuke , Murai Kazuki
Published: November 2022

TiO2 mineralization has been investigated by controlling morphology and crystal phase using organic templates, but the relationship between the molecular structure of the template and the functionality of the mineralized TiO2 has not been reported.
Leveraging genetic algorithms to maximise the predictive capabilities of the SOAP descriptor
Authors: Barnard Trent , Tseng Steven , Darby James P. , Bartók Albert P. , Broo Anders , Sosso Gabriele C.
Published: November 2022

The smooth overlap of atomic positions (SOAP) descriptor represents an increasingly common approach to encode local atomic environments in a form readily digestible to machine learning algorithms.
Quantifying the removal of stabilizing thiolates from gold nanoparticles on different carbon supports and the effect on their electrochemical properties
Authors: Dieterich Emil , Kinkelin Simon-Johannes , Steimecke Matthias , Bron Michael
Published: November 2022

We quantitatively investigate the thermal removal of thiolate stabilizer from supported gold nanoparticles, which is shown to depend on gas atmosphere and temperature. The influence on particle growth and electrochemical properties is demonstrated.
Facile and stable fabrication of wafer-scale, ultra-black c-silicon with 3D nano/micro hybrid structures for solar cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Liu Yu , Yao Chuhao , Niu Jiebin , Li Hailiang , Xie Changqing
Published: November 2022

A "one-step MacEtch" method is proposed to fabricate nano/micro-hybrid structures that show ultra-low reflectivity of <1 % over a wide wavelength range under AM 1.5 G illumination.
Incorporating zeolitic-imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles into kidney scaffolds: a first step towards innovative renal therapies
Authors: Guerrero Fátima , Pulido Victoria , Hamad Said , Aljama Pedro , Martín-Malo Alejandro , Carrillo-Carrión Carolina
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate the successful immobilization of polymer-stabilized ZIF-8 nanoparticles within a kidney scaffold, endowing it with a high adsorption capacity to remove uremic toxins (mainly hydrophobic ones) under flow conditions.
Structure design mechanisms and inflammatory disease applications of nanozymes
Authors: Lu Yi , Cao Cheng , Pan Xinni , Liu Yanlei , Cui Daxiang
Published: November 2022

The composition, design, and application of nanozymes.
A multi-modal probe for trace water and simultaneously monitoring lipid droplets and lysosomes
Authors: Ye Peng , Zhang Haitao , Qu Jianbo , Zhu Xiuzhong , Hu Qingfei , Ma Shanghong
Published: November 2022

The multimodal probe NAP-OH succeeded in trace water detection in the organic solvent and imaging of lipid droplets/lysosomes in biological cells.
A highly efficient electrochemical sensor containing polyaniline/cerium oxide nanocomposites for hydrogen peroxide detection
Authors: Hussein Mahmoud A. , Khan Ajahar , Alamry Khalid A.
Published: November 2022

An efficient electrochemical sensor containing (PANI/CeO2) for the detection of hydrogen peroxide has been fabricated using the in situ oxidative polymerization. The fabricated electrode sensor was successfully used to detect H2O2 in real samples.
Effect of carbon on the co-presence of metallic tungsten as a nucleation agent and Eu2+ in glass: crystallization of CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 glass probed with Eu2+ luminescence
Authors: Machida Shingo , Emori Naoki , Katsumata Ken-ichi , Maeda Kei , Yasumori Atsuo
Published: November 2022

Effect of carbon on the co-presence of metallic tungsten (W) as nucleation agents and Eu2+ ions as a probe for tracking crystallization in CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CAS) glass was demonstrated by efficient reduction method of Eu2+ and metallic W.
A photofunctional platform of bis-terpyridine ruthenium complex-linked coordination polymers with structural diversity
Authors: Wu Aichun , Tang Yuanlin , Li Xinling , Zhang Baohua , Zhou Aiju , Qiao Zhiwei , Tong Lianpeng
Published: November 2022

A family of novel coordination polymers (CPs) with topological diversity has been prepared based on a bis-terpyridine ruthenium linker. They provide a unique platform for the development of multifarious photofunctions.
Boosting exciton dissociation and charge separation in pyrene-based linear conjugated polymers for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Hao Lei , Shen Rongchen , Chen Shuling , Bi Weiling , Wang Lei , Liang Guijie , Zhang Peng , Li Xin
Published: November 2022

The pyrene–fluorenone linear conjugated polymers exhibit the boosted exciton dissociation and charge separation, thus achieving the highest activity for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Rational engineering of a switching material for an Ovonic threshold switching (OTS) device with mitigated electroforming
Authors: Lee Jaesang , Cho Seong Won , Lee Young Woong , Kwak Joon Young , Kim Jaewook , Jeong Yeonjoo , Hwang Gyu Weon , Park Seongsik , Kim SangBum , Lee Suyoun
Published: November 2022

Toward the development of an energy-efficient artificial neuron device, a study of the mechanism of electroforming in OTS and mitigation of the electroforming by doping Sn in GeSe was conducted.
Novel two-dimensional ferromagnetic materials CrX2 (X = O, S, Se) with high Curie temperature
Authors: Xiao Gang , Xiao Wen-Zhi , Chen Qiao , Wang Ling-ling
Published: November 2022

A few novel two-dimensional (2D) CrX2 (X = O, S, Se) binary compounds with high Curie temperature and magnetoelastic coupling are predicted based on first-principles calculations.
Mechanical polishing with chemical passivation of perovskite single crystals for high-performance X-ray detectors
Authors: Zhang Wenqing , Wang Hu , Dong Hao , Li Fenghua , Wang Zhiyuan , Shao Yuchuan
Published: November 2022

A top-down method using an improved polishing agent, which combine mechanical polishing with chemical passivation, improves the crystal quality and enhances the device stability.
Concealing Stuttering at School: “When You Can't Fix It…the Only Alternative Is to Hide It”
Authors: Gerlach-Houck Hope , Kubart Kristel , Cage Eilidh
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to explore experiences with concealing stuttering in children and young people who stutter based on recollections from adults. In addition, we explored how school-based speech therapists can be helpful or unhelpful to children who are concealing stuttering from the perspective of adults who stutter.

Method:

Thirty adults who stutter, who previously or currently conceal stuttering, participated in semistructured interviews exploring their early experiences with hiding stuttering. Purposeful and random sampling was used to diversify experiences and opinions. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to develop themes and subthemes to describe participants' experiences.

Results:

All participants in the study reported beginning to conceal stuttering at 18 years of age or younger, with more than two thirds sharing that they began in elementary school. Participants reported that exposure to implicit and explicit ableist messaging about stuttering and traumatic social experiences at school contributed to their inclination to hide disfluencies. Many participants described concealment as a strategy for protecting themselves from stigma. Several participants condemned fluency shaping, calling it harmful and likening it to teaching concealment. Participants believed that speech therapists could be helpful by promoting safe and supportive school environments and by being responsive to the social and emotional challenges that can accompany speaking differently and navigating stigma at school.

Conclusions:

Some children who stutter may attempt to protect themselves from stigma by concealing their disfluencies, but doing so can feel isolating and confusing. Speech therapists can play an important role in making the school environment safer and more supportive for children who stutter.
HeterBot: A heterogeneous mobile manipulation robot for versatile operation
Authors: Ye Linqi , Guo Jiatai , Li Jiayi , Liu Houde , Wang Xueqian , Liang Bin
Published: November 2022

This study presents the overall architecture of HeterBot, a heterogeneous mobile manipulation robot developed in our lab, which is designed for versatile operation in hazardous environments. The most significant feature of HeterBot is the heterogeneous design created by adopting the idea of ‘big arm + small arm’ and ‘big car + mini car’. This combination has the advantage of functional complementation, which achieves performance promotion in both locomotion and manipulation capabilities, making HeterBot distinguished from other mobile manipulation robots. Besides, multiple novel technologies are integrated into HeterBot to expand its versatility and ease of use, including Virtual Robot Experimentation Platform‐based teleoperation, reconfigurable end effectors, laser‐aided grasping, and manipulation with customised tools. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of HeterBot in various locomotion and manipulation tasks. HeterBot displays huge potential in future applications, such as searching and rescue.
Generic synthetic inertia scheme for voltage source inverters
Authors: Liang Jifeng , Fan Hui , Deng Zhaoshun , Zhu Jiebei , Yu Lujie , Li Tiecheng , Luo Peng , Gao Zeming , Wang Yajun
Published: November 2022

System kinetic inertia is declining due to the rapid replacement of synchronous generators (SG) by renewable power generations (RPG). To maintain grid inertia, this paper proposes a generic synthetic inertia (GSI) scheme for RPGs, enabling inertial response by a supercapacitor (SC) bank integrated with a voltage source inverter (VSI) DC link via a DC/DC converter. A GSI control loop is developed for the DC/DC converter controller to vary the SC voltage along with the grid frequency for power exchange following the SG swing equation. The GSI scheme realizes plug‐and‐play advantage without modifying the RPG original system. Small‐signal stability analysis is carried out to optimize the GSI controller parameters. The performance of the GSI scheme is evaluated using a modified IEEE 39‐bus test system.
Tracking magnetic flux and helicity from the Sun to Earth
Authors: Thalmann J. K. , Dumbović M. , Dissauer K. , Podladchikova T. , Chikunova G. , Temmer M. , Dickson E. , Veronig A. M.
Published: November 2022

Aims.We analyze the complete chain of effects – from the Sun to Earth – caused by a solar eruptive event in order to better understand the dynamic evolution of magnetic-field-related quantities in interplanetary space, in particular that of magnetic flux and helicity.

Methods.We study a series of connected events – a confined C4.5 flare, a flare-less filament eruption, and a double-peak M-class flare – that originated in NOAA active region (AR) 12891 on late 2021 November 1 and early 2021 November 2. We deduce the magnetic structure of AR 12891 using stereoscopy and nonlinear force-free (NLFF) magnetic field modeling, allowing us to identify a coronal flux rope and to estimate its axial flux and helicity. Additionally, we compute reconnection fluxes based on flare ribbon and coronal dimming signatures from remote sensing imagery. Comparison to corresponding quantities for the associated magnetic cloud (MC) deduced from in situ measurements from Solar Orbiter and near-Earth spacecraft allows us to draw conclusions on the evolution of the associated interplanetary coronal mass ejection (CME). The latter analysis is aided by the application of geometric fitting techniques (graduated cylindrical shell modeling; GCS) and interplanetary propagation models (drag-based ensemble modeling; DBEM) to the interplanetary CME.

Results.NLFF modeling suggests the magnetic structure of the host AR was in the form of a left-handed (negative-helicity) flux rope reaching altitudes of 8−10 Mm above photospheric levels, which is in close agreement with the corresponding stereoscopic estimate. GCS and DBEM modeling suggest that the ejected flux rope propagated in a self-similar expanding manner through interplanetary space. Comparison of magnetic fluxes and helicities processed by magnetic reconnection in the solar source region and the respective budgets of the MC indicate a considerable contribution from the eruptive process, though the pre-eruptive budgets also appear to be relevant.
Synchronous Whole Sternal Metastasis from Primary Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor in a Teenager
Authors: Bhat Vasudeva K. , Vijayasekharan Kalasekhar , Usman Nawaz , Kumar Naveena A.N.
Published: November 2022

Primary malignant germ cell tumor (GCT) of the mediastinum is a rare entity with an incidence ranging from 1 to 2% of all childhood cancers. Though a few cases of bone metastasis from mediastinal GCTs have been reported, synchronous whole sternal metastasis from primary malignant mediastinal GCTs is very rare. We report such a rare manifestation in a teenager, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary treatment approach with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical expertise for en bloc excision of the mediastinal mass along with whole sternal resection, and reconstruction in a dedicated cancer care center for better oncological outcomes.
Treatment of Mal de Debarquement Syndrome in an Audiology-Vestibular Clinic
Authors: Hojnacki Mike
Published: November 2022

Abstract Background Mal de Debarquement Syndrome (MdDS) has a stereotypical presentation of symptoms including continuous rocking/swaying sensations described as feeling like one is “still on the boat,” following travel, especially on water vessels.
MdDS is even more notorious for the duration of symptoms that can persist months or years, and historically this condition has escaped effective treatments. Purpose This case study presents a case of classic MdDS that was effectively treated in an Audiology-Vestibular clinic.
Treatment consisted of three, relatively short-lived vestibular rehabilitation sessions using the “Roll Readaptation” technique that has previously been reported in Neurology journals. Study Sample The study sample includes a 48-year-old female with a history of
MdDS following two separate ocean cruises. She underwent vestibular evaluation and was treated with a treatment paradigm aimed to readapt the central vestibular system and vestibular-ocular reflex. Results This report focuses on a brief review of current symptomology and diagnostic
criteria of MdDS, underlying pathophysiology and application of a relatively new treatment technique in an audiology clinic. This patient was shown full-field, omni-directional optokinetic (OPK) stimulus while rolling her head rhythmically for up to 4 minutes at a time. After three
treatment sessions, the patient had a significant reduction in subjective symptoms and returned to full-time work. She had previously been off work for nearly 3 months. Conclusion Individuals with MdDS suffer large daily and work life disruptions due to the persistent nature
of symptoms, and their physical manifestations. In addition, they have historically had minimal treatment options. This case demonstrates that audiologists with proper equipment may have the potential to readily offer treatment for a previously “untreatable” condition.
Study of metasurface coated bowtie antenna to decouple closely coupled arrays
Authors: Lee Doojin
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the numerical studies of the bowtie antenna with and without metasurface in cross-coupled arrays. The single bowtie antennas coated by the metasurface are designed at the neighboring frequency of 3 GHz. The cloaked frequency of the cloaked bowtie antennas is controlled by components that consist of metasurface such as the dielectric constant of the supporting material, slot width, spacing of the slot, and the height of the material. The cloaked bowtie antenna has characteristics such as the minimum reflection from the antenna at the designed frequency and, at the same time the radar cross section has a low value at the cloaked frequency. This characteristic has been intensively explored with closely cross-coupled antennas in array configurations as 1D lateral arrangement and 2D arrangement for the sequential and simultaneous modes. It is numerically confirmed that the characteristics of the cloaked coupled arrays are kept the same as those of a standalone array, which is shown to have robust characteristics to the mutual coupling between strongly coupled elements.
Impact energy harvesting and storage through duct airflow using magnetostrictive clad films
Authors: Ueno Toshiki , Kurita Hiroki , Narita Fumio
Published: November 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) requires power supplies without recharging. We conceived the idea of generating electricity from the impact of magnetostrictive materials against a propeller. This study evaluated the energy harvesting performance and energy storage capabilities of Fe–Co alloy and Ni clad (Fe–Co/Ni) films that directly strike propellers rotated by the wind in a duct airflow. The 0.08- and 0.2-mm-thick Fe–Co/Ni films generated powers of 28.1 and 89.4 µW, respectively. Moreover, the 0.08-mm-thick Fe–Co/No film generated power lower than that generated by the 0.2-mm-thick Fe–Co/Ni film. However, at a wind speed of 1.5 m/s, the 0.08-mm-thick Fe–Co/Ni film generated power, whereas the 0.2-mm-thick Fe–Co/Ni film stopped the rotation of propellers and did not generate any power. Furthermore, the Fe–Co/Ni film was successfully charged in a capacitor, and the stored voltages were 108.3 mV for the 0.08-mm-thick Fe–Co/Ni films for 30 min and 337.3 mV for the 0.2-mm-thick Fe–Co/Ni films for 1 h. It is also worth noting that no damage occurred to the surfaces of the Fe–Co/Ni films.
Axial dispersion-managed liquid-core fibers: A platform for tailored higher-order mode supercontinuum generation
Authors: Qi Xue , Scheibinger Ramona , Nold Johannes , Junaid Saher , Chemnitz Mario , Schmidt Markus A.
Published: November 2022

Soliton-based supercontinuum generation is a powerful approach for generating light with the desired properties, although limited dispersion tuning capabilities remain a key challenge. Here, we introduce liquid-core fibers (LCFs) with longitudinally controlled dispersion of a higher-order mode, achieved by axial modulation of the liquid core diameter. This approach provides a versatile photonic platform with unique dispersion control capabilities that are particularly relevant to ultrafast, non-linear frequency conversion. Our tuning concept uses LCFs with anomalous dispersion at telecommunication wavelengths (TE01-mode) and relies on the strong dependence of dispersion on the core diameter. Non-monotonic, complex dispersion profiles feature multiple dispersive waves formation when launching ultrashort pulses. For example, this effect has been used to fill spectral gaps in fibers with linearly decreasing core diameter in order to spectrally smooth the output spectra. Our results highlight the potential of LCFs for controlling dispersion, particularly along the fiber axis, thus yielding novel dispersion landscapes that can reveal unexplored nonlinear dynamics and generate tailored broadband spectra.
Ion trap with gold-plated alumina: Substrate and surface characterization
Authors: Kim Myunghun , Kim Keumhyun , Hong Jungsoo , Lee Hyegoo , Moon Youngil , Lee Won Chan , Kim Sehyun , Ha Taekyun , Sim Jae-Yoon , Lee Moonjoo
Published: November 2022

We describe a complete development process of a segmented-blade linear ion trap. An alumina substrate is characterized with an x-ray diffraction and loss-tangent measurement. The blade is laser-micromachined and polished, followed by sputtering and gold electroplating. Surface roughness is examined at each step of the fabrication via both electron and optical microscopies. On the gold-plated facet, we obtain a height deviation of tens of nanometers in the vicinity of the ion position. Trapping of laser-cooled 174Yb+ ions is demonstrated.
Hard magnetic elastomers incorporating magnetic annealing and soft magnetic particulate for fused deposition modeling
Authors: Ziemann Sarah J. , Fischer Nathan A. , Lu Jimmy , Lee Thomas J. , Ennis Michael , Höft Thomas A. , Nelson-Cheeseman Brittany
Published: November 2022

Magnetic elastomers with hard or permanent magnetic particulate are able to achieve complex motion not possible from soft magnetic elastomers. Magnetic annealing and fused deposition modeling (FDM) have been used to increase the performance of magnetic composites. This research explores how the magnetoactive properties of hard magnetic elastomers are influenced by magnetic annealing and the addition of the soft magnetic particulate. Three compositions of the thermoplastic magnetic elastomer composite are explored: 15 vol. % SrFe12O19, 10 vol. % SrFe12O19/5 vol. % carbonyl iron, and 5 vol. % SrFe12O19/10 vol. % carbonyl iron. The material is then extruded into FDM filaments. During the extrusion process, some filament is magnetically annealed in an axial applied field. Magnetic hysteresis loops show that the saturation magnetization and coercivity change based on the relative amount of hard and soft magnetic particulate. The presence of only one coercive field indicates magnetic coupling between the hard and soft components. Magnetoactive testing measures each sample’s mechanical deflection angle as a function of transverse applied magnetic field strength. Qualitative and quantitative results reveal that magnetic annealing is critical to the magnetoactive performance of the hard magnetic elastomers. The results also demonstrate that magnetic annealing and increased carbonyl iron both improve the magnetoactive deflection angle for a given applied field. Scanning electron microscopy shows a stratification effect in a range of the filaments. Understanding these hard magnetic elastomers provides insight into how performance can be controlled and optimized by magnetic annealing and combining hard and soft magnetic particulate.
Improved circuit model for plasmonic resonance of single split-ring resonators
Authors: Wu Gao-jian , Zhang Yi-han , Huang Cheng-ping
Published: November 2022

In this work, an improved circuit model is presented for the single split ring resonator (SRR), taking into account non-uniform distribution of conduction current and surface charges. To determine the circuit elements of the SRR, the electron kinetic, electric, and magnetic energy have been derived theoretically. Moreover, in addition to gap and surface capacitances, coupling capacitance is introduced to characterize the electric coupling effect between them. A formula for the fundamental resonance wavelength has been obtained, which shows good agreement with numerical simulations in both optical and microwave frequency ranges. The model will be instructive for engineering resonant properties of the SRRs and provide valuable insight into other complex plasmonic structures.
Advances in low dimensional and 2D materials
Authors: Late Dattatray J. , Wiemer Claudia
Published: November 2022

This special issue is focused on the advances in low-dimensional and 2D materials. 2D materials have gained much consideration recently due to their extraordinary properties. Since the isolation of single-layer graphene in Novoselov et al. [Science 306, 666–669 (2004)], the work on graphene analogs of 2D materials has progressed rapidly across the scientific and engineering fields. Over the last ten years, several 2D materials have been widely explored for technological applications. Moreover, the existence in nature of layered crystallographic structures where exotic properties emerge when the thickness is reduced to a few monolayers has enlarged the field of low-dimensional (i.e., quasi-2D) materials. The special topic aims to collect the recent advances in technologically relevant low-dimensional and 2D materials, such as graphene, layered semiconductors (e.g., MoS2, WS2, WSe2, PtSe2, MoTe2, Black-P, etc.), MXenes, and topological insulators, such as Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, etc.). There is an urgent need for material innovations for the rapid development of the next technologies based on these materials. The scope of this special topic is to address recent trends in 2D materials and hybrid structures and their widespread applications in device technology and measurement.
Structural mechanisms for the activation of human cardiac KCNQ1 channel by electro-mechanical coupling enhancers
Authors: Ma Demin , Zhong Ling , Yan Zhenzhen , Yao Jing , Zhang Yan , Ye Fan , Huang Yuan , Lai Dongwu , Yang Wei , Hou Panpan , Guo Jiangtao
Published: November 2022

The cardiac KCNQ1 potassium channel carries the important

I
Ks

current and controls the heart rhythm. Hundreds of mutations in KCNQ1 can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia. Although KCNQ1 structures have been recently resolved, the structural basis for the dynamic electro-mechanical coupling, also known as the voltage sensor domain–pore domain (VSD-PD) coupling, remains largely unknown. In this study, utilizing two VSD-PD coupling enhancers, namely, the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP
2
) and a small-molecule ML277, we determined 2.5–3.5 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of full-length human KCNQ1-calmodulin (CaM) complex in the apo closed, ML277-bound open, and ML277-PIP
2
-bound open states. ML277 binds at the “elbow” pocket above the S4-S5 linker and directly induces an upward movement of the S4-S5 linker and the opening of the activation gate without affecting the C-terminal domain (CTD) of KCNQ1. PIP
2
binds at the cleft between the VSD and the PD and brings a large structural rearrangement of the CTD together with the CaM to activate the PD. These findings not only elucidate the structural basis for the dynamic VSD-PD coupling process during KCNQ1 gating but also pave the way to develop new therapeutics for anti-arrhythmia.
Interrogating the gating motions of the NaK channel
Authors: Rothberg Brad S.
Published: November 2022

Previous crystallographic studies depicted a physical gate of the NaK channel localized at a bundle crossing of pore-lining helices, but solution NMR studies in the current issue of JGP suggest otherwise.
Relativistic correction to the dissociation temperature of B

c
mesons in a hot medium*
Authors: Li Guangyu , Chen Baoyi , Liu Yunpeng
Published: November 2022

By solving two body Dirac equations with potentials at finite temperature, we calculate the dissociation temperature

of

mesons in quark-gluon plasma. It is found that

becomes higher with the relativistic correction than the

from the Schrödinger equation. Both the short range interaction and the constant term of the potential at the long-range scale have a contribution to the shift of

, while the spin interaction is negligible.
Spectral branch points of the Bloch–Torrey operator
Authors: Moutal Nicolas , Grebenkov Denis S
Published: November 2022

We investigate the peculiar feature of non-Hermitian operators, namely, the existence of spectral branch points (also known as exceptional or level crossing points), at which two (or many) eigenmodes collapse onto a single eigenmode and thus loose their completeness. Such branch points are generic and produce non-analyticities in the spectrum of the operator, which, in turn, result in a finite convergence radius of perturbative expansions based on eigenvalues and eigenmodes that can be relevant even for Hermitian operators. We start with a pedagogic introduction to this phenomenon by considering the case of

2
×
2

matrices and explaining how the analysis of more general differential operators can be reduced to this setting. We propose an efficient numerical algorithm to find spectral branch points in the complex plane. This algorithm is then employed to show the emergence of spectral branch points in the spectrum of the Bloch–Torrey operator

−

∇
2

−
i
g
x

, which governs the time evolution of the nuclear magnetization under diffusion and precession. We discuss their mathematical properties and physical implications for diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance experiments in general bounded domains.
Nb2O5nano and microspheres fabricated by laser ablation
Authors: Abdulrahman Tamara E , Salim Evan T , Mahdi Rana O , Wahid MHA
Published: November 2022

This work presents a successful and novel method for the preparation of Nb2O5nanoparticles via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) by employing a pure Nb plate and deionised water. The effect of various laser fluences on the chemical, structural, morphological and optical characteristics was studied. Chemical characteristics confirmed the formation of the orthorhombic T-Nb2O5structure. While the morphology characteristics showed spherical particles and its density dependency on the laser fluence. The Nb2O5stoichiometry ranged between 42.20% and 88.86%. Additionally, the structural analysis showed peaks related to the orthorhombic T-Nb2O5structure with grain size between 58.2 and 244.6 nm. Lastly, topographical images showed that the average particle size was in the range 6.8 and 32 nm, and sample roughness was between 17.39 and 1.377 nm.
Antibacterial activities and photocatalyzed degradation of textile dyeing waste water by Mn and F co-doped TiO2nanoparticles
Authors: Ancy K , Sarojini V , Christy A Jegatha , Bakri Marwah , El Manna Chadlia , Florence S Sasi , Vijilvani C , Bindhu M R , Bai S Jeslin Sunitha
Published: November 2022

In the present study, synthesis and characterisation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles concurrently doped with fluorine (F) and manganese (Mn) are studied for the improved photocatalytic degradation and bacterial inhibition. The absorption spectrum observed at 400 nm is blue shifted to 398 nm in co-doped TiO2, which confirmed the increase in incorporation of F and Mn. Transmission electron microscopic images and XRD results confirm that the size of the TiO2nanoparticles decreased with increasing concentration of co-dopants. Co-doping of TiO2with F and Mn is confirmed by FTIR, XRD, EDAX and XPS studies. The TiO2nanoparticles prepared at higher concentration of dopants show the existence of nanorods. It is obvious that the doping of TiO2with Mn and F can degrade textile wastewater and methylene blue with 120 min of visible light irradiation. The antimicrobial activities of the prepared samples increased with increasing doping level of F and Mn againstStaphylococus aureausandEscherichia coli.
Influence of sintering pressure on microstructure and tribological properties of Copper–Tin composites containing graphite and MoS2
Authors: Su Yuanming , Jiang Feng , Xiao Zeyu , Long Mengjun , Wu Feifei , Wu Mingjin , Ye Pengchen
Published: November 2022

Powder metallurgy was employed to facilitate self-lubricating composites using Cu-coated graphite powder, Cu-coated MoS2 powder and Cu-Sn alloy powder as raw materials. Investigations were conducted into how the sintering pressure affected the composites’ density, hardness, microstructure, and tribological properties. The results demonstrated that the porosity of the composites was reduced, the density increased from 6.46 g cm−3 to 7.32 g cm−3, the matrix grains were refined, and the hardness increased from 53.55 HV to 86.41 HV with an increase in sintering pressure from 30 MPa to 65 MPa. Additionally, raising the sintering pressure improved the interface bonding between the matrix and the solid lubricant graphite, MoS2. High sintering pressure was found to decrease the time needed for initial running-in and stabilize the volatility of friction coefficient. When the sintering pressure increased, the material’s friction coefficient first reduced and then increased while the wear rate first increased and then declined. Composites have good friction and wear qualities as a result of the production of a composite lubricating film containing graphite, MoS2, metal oxide, etc on the wear surface. Wear was brought on by the combined effects of abrasive wear, adhesive wear, material loss as a result of friction surfaces’ transverse crack expansion, and oxidation wear.
Thermal stability and behaviour of paraffin nano Al2O3, graphene and surfactant sodium oleate composite as phase change material
Authors: Prabhu S Selva , Selvakumar P , Heric J S
Published: November 2022

Organic phase change materials like paraffin possess high latent heat yet incredibly low thermal conductivity. For improving the thermal conductivity, nanomaterials are introduced into the phase change materials. Thermal energy storage applications benefit from the use of phase transition materials with high thermal conductivity and latent heat of fusion. In this work to increase the dispersion of the alumina and graphene nanoparticles, a novel nanocomposite phase change material was produced by utilizing sodium oleate as a surfactant. The surfactant sodium oleate is prepared with oleic acid and methanol, The mixture is prepared using sodium oleate, Alumina Nanoparticle, and Graphene in the mass ratio of 1:3:0.5 is mixed with paraffin in the weight percentage of 7.5 and 10 and thermal stability study was carried out. Alumina nanoparticles were synthesized and prepared by using a microwave-assisted chemical precipitation approach which is more effective and graphene nanoparticles were prepared by using modified hummer’s method. Thermocycling was used for up to 100 cycles to determine the melting point, latent heat, and long-term thermal stability of nanocomposites with phase change material. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to evaluate the heat storage behaviour of the samples, and the heating rate of nanocomposites containing PCMs was investigated. The transient hot wire method was then utilised to assess the PCM’s actual thermal conductivity. From the obtained results, nanocomposite with 7.5 wt% additives show maximum thermal stability and latent heat (161.09 KJ Kg−1) for 100 cycles with an increase in 42% effective thermal conductivity, Nanocomposite with 10 wt% shows 57% higher thermal conductivity. But shows lower thermal stability and very low latent heat (120.44 KJ Kg−1). It is understood from the results that nanoparticle and surfactant addition gives a positive rise in latent heat.