bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forecasting Sales Using Azure
Authors: Nalawade Prof. S. A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract: The end-to-end business solution is helpful for any business trying to move their data to cloud for further processing, visualizing, monitoring, scaling their business/ business data. Most applications start as small, focused services that solve a single problem and solve it well. But, as a company grows, the needs of its customers multiply. One feature becomes two, which becomes four, then eight and so on. This is manageable, but only to a point. With each additional feature, the complexity of the application infrastructure expands. Figuring out how to properly manage the costs of a growing development environment is nearly as difficult as figuring out how to manage the development environment itself. In fact, the two issues are intertwined. All of these problems can hence be solved by using cloud technology like Flexibility in Operations, Reduction in cost, Increase in Transparency, Enhanced Risk Management and Improved Security. The proposed system is divided into four modules: Ingestion of raw data into the database by creating pipeline, Connecting the database to Machine learning service, Building the model for accuracy in prediction of the model, Visualizing the dataset into PowerBI
Farm Environmental Data Analyzer using a Decentralised system and R
Authors: Bagade Aryan , Jaiswal Prof. Rupesh C.
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Data/Web Hosting is a service that lets enterprises or selves present their data on the internet that users can access. The firm providing such services are web/data host. Apart from that, such services require incessant support, and not everyone can afford a particular centralized data host service. The peer-to-peer(P2P) protocol, the Interplanetary file system(IPFS), is augmenting into a legitimate alternative to traditional data and web hosting. This paper put forward a decentralized blockchain IPFS-based interactive manageable model, and the work presents an application and schematic that serves as a Proof of Concept(PoC) of decentralized blockchain technology that can be wielded to create an immutable record of energy and resource usage for further analysis and estimation of yield at a scale. IPFS hosts an immutable record that would be independently verifiable and available in perpetuity. First, having the user connect to the service through an IPFS node, then requesting the user upload their data. Then the data is uploaded, and a CID(Content Identification) and a QR code are returned to the user, who can then compute and visualize the results through the application. This system enables the novel application of decentralized data storage to capture, add and visualize yield and environmental data and track it further down the supply chain.
Global Experience of Increasing the Competitiveness of the Countrys Economy Through Electronic Trade
Authors: Makhmudovich Baymuradov Shokhrukh
Published: January 2023

Abstract: This article analyzes the experience of developed countries in increasing the competitiveness of the country's economy through electronic commerce, and provides recommendations for the application of these experiences to developing countries
MAPEAMENTO DO CONTEÚDO INFORMACIONAL SOBRE GERENCIAMENTO DE RISCOS EM EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS COM AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS
Authors: Lopes Iago França , Daiana Martins Gislene , Maria Beuren Ilse
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa objetiva mapear o conteúdo informacional sobre gerenciamento de riscos evidenciado por empresas brasileiras com ADRs.
Método / abordagem: A pesquisa documental compreendeu os Relatórios da Administração (RAs) e os Formulários de Referência (FRs) publicados de 2010 a 2019 pelas 38 empresas com ADRs. A partir de análise categórica com escala dicotômica, constituiu-se um banco de dados com 8.360 observações e um Índice de Evidenciação de Gerenciamento de Riscos (IEGR). Para análise dos dados aplicou-se técnicas de estatística descritiva e o teste não paramétrico de Friedman. Sob uma lógica qualitativa realizou-se análise de conteúdo das narrativas sobre gerenciamento de riscos.
Principais resultados: Os resultados apontam as empresas com maior nível de evidenciação. Os riscos mais narrados são: econômicos (organizacional, mercado acionário, investimentos), tecnológicos (formação do preço de venda) e sociais (veiculação da informação; postura ou má conduta dos empregados). São esses os que ganham a agenda dos gestores na construção de narrativas e na comunicação aos stakeholders.
Contribuições teóricas/ sociais/ gerenciais: A pesquisa fornece um framework para o mapeamento do conteúdo sobre gerenciamento de riscos em empresas. Assim fomenta o debate sobre o processo de evidenciação do gerenciamento de riscos de empresas, visto que em períodos de incerteza os relatórios emitidos são elementos consultivos para a tomada de decisão. Contribui ainda ao fornecer respostas organizacionais às contingências de riscos que as empresas estão expostas.
Originalidade / relevância:  A pesquisa mostra-se relevante ao investigar as narrativas sobre gerenciamento de riscos das empresas a partir da combinação de abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, que podem auxiliar na tomada de decisão diante de incertezas. Avança-se na direção da construção de um framework para pesquisas sobre evidenciação da informação contábil. Fomenta-se a discussão sobre isomorfismo mimético nos relatos das empresas e transcende-se os aspectos de riscos financeiros praticados e investigados no campo.
Turistificação e regeneração urbana: o caso do projeto Porto Maravilha na zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Monteiro João Carlos Carvalhaes dos Santos
Published: January 2023

O artigo apresenta uma avaliação do processo de turistificação da zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro conduzido pelo projeto Porto Maravilha. Com base em uma análise dos impactos da atividade turística na produção do espaço e na dinâmica socioeconômica da área, discutem-se as relações entre turismo e regeneração urbana mediante a abordagem de temas como a mobilização da cultura para fins de revalorização simbólica e o intuito de dinamização econômica local. O resultado da pesquisa demonstra os descaminhos e a incompletude da tentativa de inserção da zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro no circuito de turismo internacional uma década após o lançamento do projeto Porto Maravilha.
Ervins Oberlenders. Pētījumi Kurzemes un Zemgales hercogistes vēsturē. Rakstu krājums. Ventspils: Ventspils muzejs, 2021
Authors: Jakovļeva Mārīte
Published: January 2023

n the occasion of the 85th birthday of outstanding German historian, professor emeritus at Mainz University Dr., Dr. h. c. Erwin Oberländer, Ventspils Museum issued a special volume containing articles written by Professor Oberländer on the history of the Baltic region, especially that of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1561–1795). The publication is primarily addressed to the Latvian readers as the articles have been translated into Latvian. The book contains nine articles, published in various collections and journals in 1994–2008, and a preface written by the author himself. In the preface, Professor Oberländer outlines the tendency of historical research in Europe within the recent decades to broaden the focus from the history of nation-states to that of regional-scale processes, underlining the importance of regional history in building the awareness of their identity in the local populations. Through his articles, presentations and compiled collections of articles, Professor Oberländer has brought the history of the Baltic region to the public attention in Latvia and other countries and made a considerable contribution to the historical science of Latvia. Our cordial congratulations to Erwin Oberländer on his birthday!
The Role of Departments for Juvenile Affairs of Internal Affairs Bodies in the Prevention of Delinquent Behavior of Minors: History and Modernity
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Pishikina Nina I.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of a specialized subject for the prevention of delinquent behavior of minors in the system of internal affairs bodies, today called the juvenile department. The historical aspect of the creation and reformation of this subject, the problems of activity at the present stage are analyzed. On the basis of the study, an assumption is made about the illegality of certain powers of this unit, as well as about the unreasonable expansion of functions and powers at the present time, which affects the quality of preventive activities.
About Theory of Giving of an Immovable Thing
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Baygusheva Yulia V.
Published: January 2023

The author qualifi es the giving of an immovable thing as a type of disposition transactions and the author contrasts the giving and the basic obligatory contract. The article analyzes the factual composition of the giving-contract,concludes about the abstract nature of this contract.
Justice as a Dominant of the Legal Order Overview of the Fourth Baskin Readings Conference (Saint Petersburg, November 2, 2022)
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Razuvaev Nikolay V. , Shmarko Irina K. ,   North-West Institute of Management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

This article provides an overview of the Fourth Baskin Readings conference organized by the North-Western Institute of Management of the RANEPA. The conference was devoted to the problem of justice in law. The participants considered the problems of determining the content of the concept of justice, its criteria, the problems of justice in various branches of law and science, and also suggested options for formulating such criteria in relation to different situations.
A 2.5 GS/s, 7-bit time-interleaved SAR ADC with real-time data output
Authors: Matthus Christian , Buhr Simon , Ellinger Frank
Published: January 2023

This letter presents the design and measurement results of a 2.5 GS/s
7-bit successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital
converter (ADC) with real-time data output via the JESD204B protocol
using two lanes at 12.5 Gb/s each. The ADC is implemented in a 22-nm
fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) technology and consists of
four time interleaved ADC cores. It consumes 43 mW overall, while the
analog frontend including the four ADC cores and the interleaver
consumes only 7.8 mW. In the first Nyquist zone, the effective number of
bits (ENOB) is larger than 6.1 bit leading to a Walden Figure-of-Merit
(FOM_W) of 45 fJ/conv.-step and a Schreier Figure-of-Merit (FOM_S) of
150.5 dB. Integral (INL) and differential nonlinearity (DNL) are both
well below 0.5 LSB for all measurement scenarios.
Left atrial dyssynchrony in veteran endurance athletes with and without paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: SØRENSEN EIVIND , MYRSTAD MARIUS , SOLBERG MAGNAR GANGÅS , ØIE ERIK , Platonov Pyotr G. , CARLSON JONAS , TVEIT ARNLJOT , AARØNÆS MARIT
Published: January 2023

Background: Prolonged endurance exercise is associated with an increased
risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in men. Left atrial (LA) dilation is a
marker of pathological atrial remodeling and associated with AF in the
general population. In athletes, however, atrial dilation is part of a
physiological response to exercise, and functional parameters may help
separate physiological from pathological atrial remodeling in this
group. LA mechanical dispersion (LA MD) is a novel marker of LA
mechanical dyssynchrony associated with AF in the general population.
The associations between prolonged endurance exercise, LA MD and AF are
yet to be investigated. Purpose: To investigate LA MD in male veteran
athletes who had regularly participated in an annual 54-kilometer
cross-country (XC) ski race in Norway with and without paroxysmal AF and
to investigate the ability of LA MD to identify veteran athletes with
paroxysmal AF. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-three men from four
groups, veteran XC skiers with (n=57) and without (n=87) AF, and men
from a non-athletic population with (n=61) and without AF (n=88)
underwent an echocardiographic exam while in sinus rhythm. Using
speckle-tracking echocardiography, LA strain was measured in each of the
six atrial segments in an atrial-focused apical four-chamber view. We
defined LA MD as the standard deviation of time-to-peak strain (SD-TPS)
and report the average from three consecutive loops. Results: XC-skiers
(mean age 70.9 ± 5.7 years) reported an average of 40-50 years of
regular endurance exercise and an average of 16 completed annual
Birkebeiner XC ski races. LA volumes were associated with both AF and
athletic status (p<0.001). SD-TPS was associated with AF
(p<0.001), but not with athletic status (p=0.173). We found no
significant trend between years of endurance exercise and SD-TPS in
individuals without AF (p=0.846). SD-TPS did not add incremental value
in identifying athletes with AF in addition to clinical markers, QRS
width, LA volume, and LA reservoir strain (p=0.056). Conclusion: LA MD
was associated with paroxysmal AF regardless of athletic status.
However, it was not associated with years of performing endurance
exercise, suggesting LA MD could be a promising marker of pathological
atrial remodeling in endurance athletes, less affected by physiological
exercise-induced atrial remodeling than absolute volumetric
measurements. We found no incremental value of LA MD in identifying
veteran athletes with paroxysmal AF when LA reservoir strain was
included in the model.
Transition chaos in fractional order Cournot duopoly game model on scale-free network
Authors: Gurcan Fuat , KARTAL Şenol , Kartal Neriman
Published: January 2023

In this study, an Cournot duopoly model describing conformable
fractional order differential equations with piecewise constant
arguments is discussed. We have obtained two dimensional discrete
dynamical system as a result of the discretization process is applied to
the model. By using the center manifold theorem and the bifurcation
theory, it is shown that the discrete dynamical system undergoes flip
bifurcation about the Nash equilibrium point. Phase portraits,
bifurcation diagrams, Lyaponov exponents show the existence of many
complex dynamical behavior in the model such as stable equilibrium
point, period-2 orbit, period-4 orbit, period-8 orbit, period-16 orbit
and chaos according to changing the speed of adjustment parameter v 1 .
Discrete Cournot duopoly game model is also considered on a Scale free
network with N=10 and N=100 nodes. It is observed that the
complex dynamical network exhibits similar dynamical behavior such as
stable equilibrium point, Flip bifurcation and chaos depending on the
changing the coupling strength parameter c s . Moreover, flip
bifurcation and transition chaos happen earlier in more heterogeneous
networks. Calculating the Largest Lyapunov exponents guarantee the
transition from nonchaotic to chaotic states in complex dynamical
networks.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF OMALIZUMAB FOR THE TREATMENT OF SEVERE PEDIATRIC ALLERGIC ASTHMA- RESULTS OF A REAL-LIFE STUDY IN SPAIN
Authors: Nieto Antonio , Nieto-Cid María , Garriga-Baraut Teresa , Plaza Ana , Tortajada Miguel , Torres-Borrego Javier , Jaime Lozano , Moreno-Galarraga Laura , Folque Mar , Bosque Montserrat , Gaboli Mirella , Neyra Alejandro López , Rivas-Juesas Cristina , Caballero-Rabasco María Araceli , Freixa Andrea , Navarrete Laura Valdesoiro , Asensio Esther Ballester , Antón María Penín , Romero Raquel , Morón Juan Navarro , Valenzuela-Soria Alfredo , Mateos Mercedes Sánchez , Garrido José Batlles , Santiago Verónica Sanz , Atauri Álvaro Gimeno Díaz de , Martín Anselmo Andrés , Alonso Elena Campos , Gómez-Pastrana David , Rodríguez Elena Vázquez , Martínez-Pardo Luz , Camacho Genoveva del Río , Ramos Angel Mazón
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND Severe Pediatric Allergic Asthma (SPAA) induces a
huge economic burden in terms of direct, indirect and intangible costs.
The use of omalizumab for the treatment of these patients has produced a
significant improvement in several clinical outcomes, but at the same
time, the cost for the management of the disease has also increased. The
aim of this report was to evaluate whether the use of omalizumab is
cost-effective. METHODS A sample of 426 children with SPAA from
the ANCHORS study was used to calculate the Incremental Cost
Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for the avoidance of Moderate to Severe
Exacerbations (MSE), and also for the improvement in childhood Asthma
Control Test (c-ACT) or the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ5). We
retrospectively collected data of health encounters and drug consumption
before and up to six years after the beginning of the treatment with
omalizumab. RESULTS The ICER per avoided MSE was
\euro2,107 after one year, and it consistently decreased
to \euro656 in those followed up to six years. Similarly,
the ICER for the Minimally Important Difference in control tests showed
a decrease from \euro2,059 to \euro380 per
each 0.5 points of improvement in ACQ5, and from
\euro3,141 to \euro2,322 per each 3 points
improvement in c-ACT, at years 1 and 6 respectively. CONCLUSION
The use of OMZ is a cost-effective option for most children with
uncontrolled SPAA, mainly those who have frequent exacerbations, showing
progressively reduced costs in successive years of treatment.
TOXIC FASCICULATIONS -- AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE POISONING
Authors: Sivanandam LOKESH KOUMAR , Razul Benazir , Gupta Umang , Sanker Vivek
Published: January 2023

The nicotinic symptom in Organo-Phosphate (OP) poisoning is an unusual
presentation in an adult, as in our case of a 38-year-old man who also
experienced decreased motor power of all limbs and diffuses
fasciculation of the tongue and lower limbs.
Diamond-Blackfan like anemia and idiopathic very early onset severe colitis cured by allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation.
Authors: Nissen Karin Bækgaard , Masmas Tania Nicole , Nielsen Rasmus Gaardskær , Christiansen Mette , Wlodarski Marcin , Hasle Henrik
Published: January 2023

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital erythroid hypoplasia.
An association with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease
(VEO-IBD) has only been reported a few times. We report a Caucasian boy
with a transfusion-dependent DBA phenotype from birth and severe
ulcerative pancolitis from 10 months of age. He underwent successful
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at 2 years of
age. On follow-up 8 years old, he had normal bone marrow function and no
bowel symptoms. HSCT was curative for both DBA and VEO-IBD. The
underlying course of DBA and pancolitis remains elusive.
Increasing Trend in Ventricular Tachycardia Related Mortality- Cause or Effect?
Authors: Balakrishnan Mahesh , Hutchinson Mathew
Published: January 2023

Ventricular tachycardia is a major cause of sudden death. Several
pharmacological and device-based therapies in recent years have delayed
the progression of heart failure and have improved survival. A new study
reveals a significant increase in age-adjusted mortality from
ventricular tachycardia over the past 13 years, with higher mortality in
men, black Americans and patients from the Southern United States. These
findings reinforce the previous observations made on the influence of
age, gender, ethnicity and geography on cardiovascular outcomes. The use
of ICD 10 codes to ascertain cause of death limits differentiation
between ventricular tachycardia as the true underlying mechanism leading
to death and the presence of ventricular tachycardia in patients dying
from other causes. While the insights gained from the report on
contemporary ventricular tachycardia related mortality in the general
population with cardiovascular disease is hypothesis generating, further
studies are needed to delineate ventricular tachycardia as a proximate
cause of death from an association.
“The Efficacy and Safety of Aripiprazole and Paliperidone 1 and 3-Month Long-Acting Preparations During The Maintenance of Schizophrenia in Clinical Practice”
Authors: Saridogan Gokce , Nesetoglu Neset , Ketenci Sema , Acet Nazife , Unal Duri Sehvar , Goren Mehmet Zafer
Published: January 2023

Aim: To our knowledge; this is the first study that compared the
efficacy and safety of aripiprazole 1-month and paliperidone 1-month and
paliperidone 3-month long-acting forms preparations as well as plasma
drug levels during the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia in the
real world. Method: In our study, subjects were evaluated every month
for four months with relevant psychiatric measures and plasma drug
levels. Follow-up days were determined as days 0, 30, 60, and 90. Plasma
drug levels of the treatments were analyzed by using LC/MS-MS. Results:
No superiority was observed between the groups regarding PANSS positive
and general psychopathology (p>0.05). It was observed that
PANSS negative and total scores were statistically lower in the
aripiprazole once-monthly group than in the paliperidone 3-month
preparations (p<0.05). We observed that Quality of Life Scale
interpersonal relations scores, the aripiprazole 1-month group exhibited
higher scores than both of the paliperidone groups. Aripiprazole 1-month
group scored higher than the paliperidone 1-month group in the
intrapsychic foundations subscale (p<0.05). No significant
difference was observed between extrapyramidal adverse effect,
akathisia, and insight levels among the three groups
(p>0.05). Aripiprazole 1- month group scored significantly
lower than both paliperidone groups in the Arizona Sexual Experiences
Scale (p<0.001). Aripiprazole metabolite was negatively
correlated with depressive symptoms in the Calgary Depression Assessment
Scale in Schizophrenia (p<0.05) and the Barnes Akathisia
Rating Scale (p<0.05). Conclusion: Aripiprazole once-monthly
showed superiority in efficacy aspects to PP3M but not PP1M and similar
safety with both paliperidone formulations.
Factors affecting breeding success in the common sandpiper and the potential impact of disturbance
Authors: Mondain-Monval Thomas , Sharp Stuart
Published: January 2023

Disturbance by humans and climatic change are thought to be two
important factors contributing to ongoing declines in migratory bird
species, especially during the breeding season when they may impact
productivity. Ground-nesting species with precocial offspring are likely
to be susceptible to both disturbance and extreme weather events, but
more work is needed to understand these processes. Here, we investigate
the factors affecting reproductive success in the common sandpiper
(Actitis hypoleucos), a declining, ground-nesting migratory wader. We
colour-ringed individuals and monitored nests over three years to study
the impact of disturbance, habitat and rainfall on hatching success and
fledging success. First, we investigated whether the distance of nests
from footpaths and rivers, and the amount of vegetation cover, predicted
hatching success. We also recorded the distance at which incubating
adults flushed from the nest in response to an approaching observer.
Second, we investigated whether fledging success was associated with
rainfall in the period following hatching. We found that hatching
success was higher when nests were further away from footpaths, but only
when nests were also far from rivers. Also, individuals on nests that
were far from footpaths left their nests more readily when approached by
observers, particularly when their nests had less vegetation cover.
Further, our data showed that adults sitting tightly on nests, and
having large amounts of vegetation cover around them, had higher
hatching success. Finally, our results showed that fledging success was
correlated with heavy rainfall in the week after hatching. This suggests
that extreme rainfall events are likely to have important consequences
for chick survival. Further work is needed to determine the interacting
effects of human disturbance and predation events on both hatching and
fledging success, particularly in the face of the increasing frequency
of extreme weather events.
A Robust Distributed State Estimation of AC/DC system with LCC-HVDC Tie Line
Authors: Zhang Haibo , Qi Houyv , Wang Shuai
Published: January 2023

A robust distributed state estimation algorithm for AC/DC system with AC
tie lines and high voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) tie line is
proposed. The proposed algorithm consists of the robust distributed AC
state estimation and the robust DC state estimation in the coordinator.
For AC state estimation, a distributed state estimation algorithm based
on the bilinear algorithm is designed, which can not only achieve the
same accuracy as the centralized algorithm, but also simplify the
nonlinear iterative process of the exponential objective function robust
algorithm and reduce the operation scale. For DC state estimation, the
objective function adopts the maximum absolute value of exponential to
make it better convergent. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of
the algorithm are verified by the simulation of three IEEE 118 bus
interconnected systems.
Joint contributions from brain activity and activity-independent functional connectivity to working memory aging
Authors: Yang Caishui , Fan Jialing , Chen Kewei , Zhang Zhanjun
Published: January 2023

Working memory (WM) impairment has been well characterized in normal
ageing. Various studies have explored changes in either the regional
activity or the interregional connectivity underlying the WM ageing
process. We proposed that brain activity and connectivity would
independently alter with ageing and affect WM performance. WM was
assessed with a classical N-back task during functional magnetic
resonance imaging in a community-based sample comprising 168 elderly
subjects (aged 55 to 86 years old). Following the rationale of
background functional connectivity, we assessed age-related alterations
in brain activity and seed-based interregional connectivity
independently. Analyses revealed age-related decrease in the activity of
the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and an increase in the activity of
the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the local functional
dysfunctions were accompanied by alterations in their connectivity to
other cortical regions. Importantly, regional activity impairments in
the IPL and ACC could mediate age-related effects on accuracy rate and
reaction time, respectively, and those effects were further
counterbalanced by enhancement of their background functional
connectivity. We thus claimed that age-induced alterations in regional
activity and interregional connectivity occurred independently and
contributed to WM changes in ageing. Our findings presented the way
brain activity and functional connectivity interact in the late
adulthood, thus providing a new perspective for understanding WM and
cognitive ageing.
Chigger mite (Eutrombicula alfreddugesi) ectoparasitism does not contribute to sex differences in growth rate in eastern fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus)
Authors: Pollock Nicholas , Conrad Hailey , John-Alder Henry
Published: January 2023

(Sceloporus undulatus) is a female-larger, sexually-size
dimorphic lizard species that is heavily parasitized by chigger mites
(Eutrombicula alfreddugesi). In particular, the intensity of mite
parasitism is higher in male than in female juveniles during the period
of time when sex differences in growth rate lead to the development of
sexual size dimorphism (SSD). Sex-biased differences in fitness costs of
parasitism have been documented in other species. We tested whether a
sex-biased growth cost of parasitism contributes to the development of
SSD in S. undulatus. We measured growth and mite loads in two
cohorts of unmanipulated, field-active yearlings by conducting
descriptive mark-recapture studies during the activity seasons of 2016
and 2019. Yearling males had consistently higher mid-summer mite loads
and consistently lower growth rates than females. However, we found that
growth rate and body condition were independent of mite load in both
sexes. Furthermore, growth rates and mite loads were higher in 2019 than
in 2016. Our findings suggest that juveniles of S. undulatus are
highly tolerant of chigger mites and that any costs imposed by mites
must be at the expense of functions other than growth. We conclude that
sex-biased mite ectoparasitism does not contribute to sex differences in
growth rate and the development of SSD.
SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibits IL-1β maturation and pyroptosis through disruption of ASC oligomerization and deubiquitination of ASC
Authors: Meng Huan , Zhou Jianglin , Chen Xiaojuan , Wang MingYu , Zheng Mei , Li Yunhui , Han Ying , Chen Jin , Han Jinyu , Liang Jing , Xing Yaling , Wang Yajie
Published: January 2023

The perplexing innate immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection
remains inadequate uncovered. Previous studies showed that coronavirus
papain-like protease (PLP) could evade type I interferons mediated
innate immune responses. In this study, we found the inflammasome genes
(NLRP3, NLRP6, PYCARD, IL1B, IL18, TRIM31, FBXL2, MARCH7) were
down-regulated in CD14+ monocytes from COVID-19 patients. Secondly, we
found that SARS-CoV-2 PLP may act on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. PLP
may interact with ASC and interrupt ASC oligomerization by reducing the
K48-linked and K63-linked ubiquitination of ASC, so that the excessive
activation of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway might be inhibited and the
release of IL-1β was blocked. Thirdly, SARS-CoV-2 PLP negatively
regulated the pyroptosis of host cells, which was mediated by caspase-1,
the key regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. In general,
SARS-CoV-2 PLP avoids the excessive immune defenses in the early stage
of virus infection, which provides the maximum advantage for virus
replication. These insights uncover the flex function of CoV encoding
proteases. Furthermore, this research may provide a new vision of
COVID-19 epidemic prevention and new possibilities for new therapies.
Research on Optimal Scheduling Algorithm of Manufacturing Process Time Quality Cost Based on Three-layer Workflow Decision
Authors: Zhi-yong Luo , Xu Hai-Feng , Liu Jia-hui , Xie Zhi-Qiang
Published: January 2023

：Dynamically optimizing the time quality cost of the manufacturing
process is an NP problem. This paper proposes a three-layer workflow
scheduling model optimization algorithm Three-WSOA for this hot issue.
The algorithm first establishes a three-layer isomorphic workflow
decision-making model based on the partial order relationship of the
manufacturing process, and secondly calculates the degree of freedom of
each layer position node according to the proposed recognition rules,
and then uses the serial reduction algorithm to process it from back to
front to calculate the optimal configuration solution for each layer.
Finally, forward scheduling is used to complete the multi-objective
optimization of the entire three-layer workflow model. Simulation
comparison found that the optimization algorithm can indeed achieve a
dynamic balance between production quality and cost within a limited
time, and it has a significant optimization effect compared to the
traditional single-objective optimization algorithm. Therefore, the
algorithm has certain feasibility and effectiveness.
Scrub typhus diagnostics: An overview
Authors: S Cheryl Lynnette , Bora Trishna , Perumalla Susmitha , G Karthick , Jee Babban , Batra Gaurav , SA Khan , JAJ Prakash
Published: January 2023

Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi is a vector-borne, zoonotic disease which is common in the tsutsugamushi triangle. Scrub typhus causes AUFI in patients with non-specific clinical features and is difficult to diagnose when the highly characteristic but not pathognomonic eschar is not seen. As the eschar is not always present, laboratory tests are needed for confirmation. Serological assays are the main stay of laboratory diagnosis of scrub typhus thus far. In this review, we present the salient clinical features and clinical algorithms suggestive of this disease that help in better selection of diagnostics. The various scrub typhus assays along with their advantages and disadvantages have also been discussed. Furthermore, we have also discussed the upcoming diagnostics, both serological and molecular assays which can be available in the near future.
Climatology of mixed-phase clouds and their radiative effects when coupled to sea ice; study based from observations at the western Arctic
Authors: Garfias Pablo Saavedra , Kalesse-Los Heike , Ebell Kerstin
Published: January 2023

The current contribution presents wintertime climatology from 2012 to
2020 of mixed-phase clouds and their radiative effects when coupled to
the sea ice states. Measurements from the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) at the North Slope Alaska
(NSA) site in Utqiagvik, Alaska are being analyzed.

Classification of cloud hydrometeors in the liquid, ice or mixed-phase
states was primary determined by the Cloudnet algorithm, developed by
the Finish Meteorological Institute, and applied to a set of
ground-based remote sensing instruments from NSA . To evaluate the
influence by sea ice, which plays an important role on the Arctic
surface-atmosphere interaction, the statistics are separated into cases
when clouds are coupled or decoupled to specific sea ice conditions,
like presence of leads or polynyas in the vicinity of NSA .

We found that clouds coupled to sea ice with presence of leads have
shown distinguished features like the increase of total liquid content,
lower cloud base heights and less ice content when compared to decoupled
cases. Nevertheless, these results rely on Cloudnet accurately detecting
cloud droplets within mixed-phase clouds.

Arctic cloud radiative effects (CRE) have already been studied from
short expeditions like the SHEBA campaign (Shupe et al., 2004) and
middle-term ground observations in Barrow (Shupe et al., 2015) and
Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (Ebell et al., 2020). We extend similar CRE studies
for 8 years during wintertime, where longwave up- and down-welling flux
measurements from NSA are used to estimate surface net fuxes and other
cloud radiative features for cases when clouds are coupled or decoupled
to sea ice conditions and their sensitivity to different gradients of
air-surface temperature when leads or polynyas are present.
Analysis of Early-Warning Signals for Arctic Summer Sea Ice Loss
Authors: Poltronieri Anna , Bochow Nils , Rypdal Martin
Published: January 2023

The rapid loss of Arctic Sea Ice (ASI) in the last decades is one of the
most evident manifestations of anthropogenic climate change. A
transition to an ice-free Arctic during summer would impact climate and
ecosystems, both regionally and globally. The identification of
Early-Warning Signals (EWSs) for the loss of the summer ASI could
provide important insights into the state of the Arctic region. We
collect and analyze CMIP6 model runs that reach ASI-free conditions
(area below 10^6 km^2) in September. Despite the high inter-model
spread, with the range for the date of an ice-free summer spanning
around 100 years, the evolution of the summer ASI area right before
reaching ice-free conditions is strikingly similar across the CMIP6
models. When looking for EWSs for summer ASI loss, we observe a
significant increase in the variance of the ASI area before reaching
ice-free conditions. This behavior is detected in the majority of the
models, and also averaged over the ensemble. We find no increase in the
1-year-lag autocorrelation in model data, possibly due to the multiscale
characteristics of climate variability, which can mask changes in serial
correlations. However, in the satellite-inferred observations, increases
in both variance and 1-year-lag autocorrelation have recently been
revealed.
Spatio-temporal Snow Variability in a Sub-Alpine Forest predicted by Machine Learning and UAV-based LiDAR Snow Depth Maps
Authors: Geissler Joschka , Rathmann Lars , Weiler Markus
Published: January 2023

Snow interacts with its environment in many ways, is constantly changing
with time, and thus has a highly heterogeneous spatial and temporal
variability. Therefore, modeling snow variability is difficult,
especially when additional components such as vegetation add complexity.
To increase our understanding of the spatio-temporal variability of snow
and to validate snow models, we need reliable observation data at
similar spatial and temporal scales. For these purposes, airborne LiDAR
surveys or time series derived from snow sensors on the point scale are
commonly used. However, these are limited either to one point in space
or in time. We present a new, extensive dataset of snow variability in a
sub-alpine forest in the Alptal, Switzerland. The core dataset consists
of a dense sensor network, repeated high-resolution LiDAR data acquired
using a fixed-wing UAV, and manual snow depth and snow density
measurements. Using machine learning algorithms, we determine four
distinct spatial clusters of similar snow depth dynamics. These clusters
are characterized and further used to derive daily snow depth and snow
water equivalent (SWE) maps. The results underline the complex relation
of topography and canopy cover towards snow accumulation and ablation.
The derived products are the first to our knowledge that provide daily,
high-resolution snow depth and SWE based almost exclusively on field
data. They are therefore ideally suited for the validation of
distributed snow models. Our approach can be applied to other project
areas and improve our understanding of the spatio-temporal variability
of snow in forested environments.
Transit Time Theory is not what it used to be
Authors: Rigon Riccardo , D'Amato Concetta , Bancheri Marialaura
Published: January 2023

The understating of the dynamics of tracers and water transit times at
catchment scale has increasingly grown in the last decades, becoming a
consolidated approach in the field of hydrological and ecohydrological
research. Recently, a benchmark contribution has been given in the work
by Benettin et al. (2022), which reviews the state of art on the topic,
also addressing present and future challenge, pointing out some open
questions in transit time research. This commentary tries to
contextualize the above article, highlighting the most focal points and
relating it to a broader context in the field. A brief overview on the
main concepts of backward transit times, StorAge selection functions and
forward transit time distributions is given in a logical-historical
order, giving to the reader the primary instruments for a later
comprehensive understating of the Transit Time Theory. Eventually, a
numerical example helps to clarify the above concepts in a very simple
and effective way.
Towards an Interpretable CNN Model for the Classification of Lightning Produced VLF/LF Signals
Authors: Xiao Lilang , Chen Weijiang , Wang Yu , Bian Kai , Fu Zhong , Xiang Nianwen , He Hengxin , Cheng Yang
Published: January 2023

Classification of lightning produced VLF/LF signals plays crucial role
in the detection and location of lightning flashes. The machine learning
method has potential in the VLF/LF lightning signal classification.
Traditional machine learning methods are data-driven and work in a
black-box fashion, making the classification accuracy highly dependent
on the size and quality of dataset. In this paper, an interpretable
convolutional neural network model is proposed for VLF/LF lightning
electric field waveform classification. Multi-scale convolutional
kernels and shortcut connections are adopted in this model to enhance
the ability to capture local waveform features. The CAM method is
embedded in our model to open the black-box by visualizing the weight of
different waveform features on the classification results. Based on the
measured data from five different provinces in China, an accuracy of
98.5% is achieved in a four-type classification task including RS,
active stage of IC, PB and NB. The correlation between the weight values
of different waveform features and corresponding lightning discharge
process are analyzed. It is found that the proposed model can extract
decisive features of VLF/LF lightning signals closely related to the
physical process of lightning discharges, which is similar to the human
expert’s behavior. The proposed model is validated by using an
open-source dataset from Argentina. It is indicated that the proposed
model can resist the impact of unexpected waveform oscillation and
achieve a higher accuracy of 98.39% than that of the support vector
method. It is demonstrated that our model is less dependent on the
training dataset.
Quantifying the Relationship Between Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study of Device-Measured Activity in 90,096 Adults
Authors: Strain Tessa , Dempsey Paddy C. , Wijndaele Katrien , Sharp Stephen J. , Kerrison Nicola , Gonzales Tomas I. , Li Chunxiao , Wheeler Eleanor , Langenberg Claudia , Brage Søren , Wareham Nick
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a cohort of middle-aged adults and within subgroups.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data were from 90,096 UK Biobank participants without prevalent diabetes (mean 62 years of age; 57% women) who wore a wrist accelerometer for 7 days. PAEE was derived from wrist acceleration using a population-specific method validated against doubly labeled water. Logistic regressions were used to assess associations between PAEE, its underlying intensity, and incident T2D, ascertained using hospital episode and mortality data up to November 2020. Models were progressively adjusted for demographic, lifestyle factors, and BMI.

RESULTS

The association between PAEE and T2D was approximately linear (n = 2,018 events). We observed 19% (95% CI 17–21) lower odds of T2D per 5 kJ · kg−1 · day−1 in PAEE without adjustment for BMI and 11% (9–13) with BMI adjustment. The association was stronger in men than women and weaker in those with obesity and higher genetic susceptibility to obesity. There was no evidence of effect modification by genetic susceptibility to T2D or insulin resistance. For a given level of PAEE, odds of T2D were lower among those engaging in more moderate-to-vigorous activity.

CONCLUSIONS

There was a strong linear relationship between PAEE and incident T2D. A difference in PAEE equivalent to an additional daily 20-min brisk walk was associated with 19% lower odds of T2D. The association was broadly similar across population subgroups, supporting physical activity for diabetes prevention in the whole population.
Sikkerhetspolitikkens primat – norsk freds- og forsoningspolitikk under Ine Eriksen Søreide
Authors: Nissen Ada
Published: January 2023

Denne artikkelen redegjør for og diskuterer freds- og forsoningspolitikkens ambisjoner, hovedlinjer og posisjon innad i utenrikspolitikken under Ine Eriksen Søreides periode som utenriksminister fra 2017 til 2021. Artikkelen argumenterer for at to politiske hovedspor tegnet seg for fredspolitikken i løpet av disse fire årene. Dette er fredspolitikkens rolle som sikkerhetspolitisk verktøy og det multilaterale sporet, ofte omtalt som FN-sporet. Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i aktuelle stortingsmeldinger og årlige redegjørelser og setter dette i sammenheng med konkret innsats i utvalgte fredsprosesser og utvikling i internasjonal politikk.
Abstract in EnglishThe Primacy of Security Policy: Norwegian Peace and Reconciliation Policy During Ine Eriksen Søreide’s TermThis article explains and discusses the ambitions, main features and position of Norway’s peace and reconciliation policy during Ine Eriksen Søreide’s period as foreign minister from 2017 to 2021. The article identifies two main political tracks for the peace policy during these four years. The first is the role of peace policy as a security policy tool and the second is the multilateral track, often referred to as the UN track. The article uses parliamentary white papers and annual parliamentary accounts as contextual background for the analysis of selected peace efforts, and connects this to general developments in international politics.
Introduksjon: Arven etter Søreide
Authors: Holm Minda
Published: January 2023

I to tidligere omganger har Internasjonal Politikk viet fokusnumre til drøfting av en utenriksministers innsats og resultater: fokusnummeret Arven etter Støre om Jonas Gahr Støre (2005–2012, volum 71, nr. 3, 2013), og fokusnummeret Diplomatiminister Brende om Børge Brende (2013–2017, volum 75, nr. 3/4, 2017). I denne tredje utgaven har vi samlet ni bidrag som diskuterer ulike politikkområder under Ine Marie Eriksen Søreides tid som utenriksminister (2017–2021). Det overordnede oppdraget gitt til bidragsyterne har vært å redegjøre og diskutere hva Søreide har oppnådd – eller forsøkt å oppnå – innenfor spesifikke felt. Politikkområdene som diskuteres i fokusspalten er ikke uttømmende; klimapolitikken er eksempelvis ikke dekket her (se eget fokusnummer om norsk klima- og utenrikspolitikk, volum 90, nr. 1, 2022). Men samlet gir de ni bidragene en forholdsvis omfattende diskusjon av årene 2017–2021 i norsk utenrikspolitikk.
Influência da administração tardia do surfactante exógeno na evolução clínica de recém-nascidos muito pré-termo.
Authors: Mendonça Patricia Queiroz Furtado de , Vieira Alan Araújo , Bueno Arnaldo Costa , Lopes José Maria Andrade
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar se o momento da administração do surfactante influencia na evolução clínica de recém nascidos muito pré-termos. Métodos: Estudo observacional com dados coletados prospectivamente de recém nascidos muito pré-termos e suas mães, divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 = 28 a 29 semanas e 6 dias, grupo 2 = 30 a 31 semanas e 6 dias. Cada grupo foi dividido em administração precoce de surfactante (até duas horas de vida) e administração tardia de surfactante (mais de duas horas de vida) e então, comparados quanto às características perinatais, a presença de morbidades e mortalidade. As variáveis ​​contínuas foram comparadas pelo teste t de Student ou teste não paramétrico; as variáveis ​​categóricas foram comparadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado. A regressão logística foi utilizada para avaliar a associação entre as variáveis ​​significantes. Foi utilizado o pacote estatístico SPSS 16.0 e um valor de p<0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados: Seiscentos prematuros foram avaliados no grupo 1 e 503 no grupo 2. A administração precoce de surfactante no grupo 1 foi mais frequente em prematuros de menor peso e idade gestacional ao nascimento e foi associada a hemorragia peri e intraventricular grave; nos dois grupos, a necessidade de intubação orotraqueal na sala de parto aumentou a chance de administração precoce de surfactante exógeno. A morbidade e a mortalidade não foram diferentes entre os grupos. Conclusões: O momento da administração do surfactante não influenciou a evolução clínica e a mortalidade neonatal em recém nascidos muito pré-termos.