bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digitalization of Higher Degree Research (HRD) and Its Benefit to Postgraduate Researchers
Authors: Stokes Joseph , Keegan Rachel , Brown Mark , James E. Alana
Published: December 2018

Graduate Schools offer supports to enhance and improve the graduate skills development of their postgraduate research community not only in their research but also in preparing them for their future careers. The European University Association Council for Doctoral Education has identified the digitalization of doctoral education as necessary to the future to fully globalize the graduate school offerings. This vision is aligned, for example, to several of the objectives in Dublin City University 2017-2022 Strategic Plan. Online supports go towards the development of DCU as a global university allowing us to attract, and to provide aid to, research students who are studying primarily outside of Ireland. The same structured support also benefits staff who are involved in the life cycle of a research student. Therefore, it is important to assess the needs of our graduate researchers in terms of online supports and to provide them with such tools to ascertain if their needs can/are being met. Hence, this chapter begins this journey by determining what online resources our doctoral community use to move their studies forward and then follows on to measure the value of one resource “DoctoralNet,” which offers comprehensive support to such students. This chapter discusses surveyed material, yielding a positive message that our doctoral education requires such digital resources to meet their (students') educational needs.
Don't Be a Ghost Who Drops Grades in Blackboard
Authors: Rios Ambyr , Viruru Radhika , Ozfidan Burhan
Published: December 2018

This chapter presents the results of a program evaluation conducted to assess the effectiveness of an online doctoral program in educational leadership at a Research One University from the perspective of its students. Feedback was sought from over 80 currently enrolled students. The study focused on three aspects of the program, namely faculty social and cognitive presence. Recent changes to the program that address these areas include the creation of a thematic group model that clusters students based on academic interests over the last 2 years of the program, extensive revisions to coursework, the adoption of a problem-based dissertation model, and the use of social media and an online community portal to promote student engagement. The results indicate that although students had encountered positive experiences in all three areas, online doctoral students continue to need focused individual mentoring in order to experience success.
Building Inclusivity Through Connections With Community Archives
Authors: Copeland Andrea , Yoon Ayoung
Published: December 2018

This chapter explores how to construct bridges between existing cultural institutions and community archives (or community groups wanting to develop archives) and the potential role for third-party organizations in bridging these groups. Further, research is presented that provides recommendations for library and archive practitioners who wish to build connections with groups in their communities. Connecting with participatory heritage is introduced as a means to build capacity in community groups for sustaining efforts to preserve and make accessible diverse histories.
Raising Awareness About Public Archives in East and Southern Africa Through Social Media
Authors: Saurombe Nampombe
Published: December 2018

Archives serve as society's collective memory because they provide evidence of the past as well as promoting accountability and transparency of past actions. Appreciation of the archives should therefore result in citizens linking these records with their identity, history, civic duty and cultural heritage. However, research in east and southern Africa seems to indicate that very few citizens are aware of and use the archives. Social media platforms have been utilized to raise awareness about the archival institutions elsewhere. This study sought to find out whether the National Archives in east and southern Africa used social media to raise awareness about archives. The study involved 12 national archives affiliated to the East and Southern Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives (ESARBICA) using a multi-method research strategy. The findings indicated that social media platforms were not a preferred option in outreach strategies, even though they were recognized as useful means to reach online information seekers.
Advocating for Library and Information Services by National Library Associations of Africa in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Chigwada Josiline Phiri , Maturure Rosemary
Published: December 2018

The chapter documents the role that is played by national library associations in advocating for the development of library and information services for the attainment of the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda in Africa. A structured records review and literature review was done to solicit information on how national library associations are taking part in achieving the sustainable development goals. Websites of associations were looked at and participants were drawn from national library associations in Africa, Standing Conference of Eastern, Central and Southern Africa Library and Information Associations (SCECSAL), African Library and Information Association and Institution (AfLIA), and the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA). The results indicated that national library associations are facing challenges in their advocacy work and there is a need to offer training to library staff and improve communication between librarians and policymakers.
Riding the Wave
Authors: Omeihe Kingsley Obi , Dakhan Sarfraz Ahmed , Khan Mohammad Saud , Gustafsson Veronika , Amoako Isaac Oduro
Published: December 2018

To date, most of the literature on female entrepreneurship reveals a paucity of research on developing market contexts. The authors build on this to establish the constraining challenges and barriers faced by Pakistani women entrepreneurs. In this chapter, they adopt the perspective of institutional logics as a particular reference point due to its influence in shaping entrepreneurial action. The choice of adopting a contextual approach also aims to highlight differences to Western models where institutional frameworks are perceived to be more benign. The case study of Pakistani women entrepreneurs therefore presents an interesting evidence for examining the complexities of women entrepreneurship. Within the remit of this chapter, the goal is to elucidate the uniqueness of Pakistani women entrepreneurs as influenced by its institutional context. It is expected that the findings from this study will contribute to new knowledge and have practical and policy implications for enhancing women entrepreneurship.
Women Entrepreneurship in Turkey as an Emerging Economy
Authors: Tunç Ayşegül Özbebek , Alkan Deniz Palalar
Published: December 2018

There is a growing body of research conducted on entrepreneurship and the importance of globalization, and its effect on emerging markets also plays a role in excelling entrepreneurial studies. In this chapter, the authors introduce the concept of entrepreneurship and then discuss the trends that are shaping startups and the role of women entrepreneurs in an emerging economy. They lay out the past, current, and future predictions on profiling Turkish women entrepreneurs and will support such prediction with reports. The essential objective of this chapter is to explore the overall position of entrepreneurial conditions for women in Turkey. From this aspect, this chapter may provide a basis for future studies and contribute to related literature and practical studies. The strength of this study is to present some practical projections about this field so that it combines theoretical and practical studies in the past and current with foresights for future.
Role of Intellectual Capital in Women Entrepreneurs' Business Performance
Authors: Zin Sakinah Mat , Manaf Khamisah Abd
Published: December 2018

This chapter presents an in-depth analysis on the relationship between intellectual capital and business performance in view to highlight gaps in the knowledge of women entrepreneurship in Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The creation of intellectual capital is crucial to cope with organizational competitive issues in the present dynamics of globalized economics. A conceptual model is developed linking different dimensions of intellectual capital to business performance. In doing so, the sample of 167 respondents from women SME entrepreneurs in Kelantan was utilized. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The results of the study reveal that intellectual capital significantly influences business performance. This enables entrepreneurs and scholars to make appropriate decisions that can foster business progress. Moreover, the empirical study presented in this chapter is the first of its kind over women SMEs from multiple sectors operating in Kelantan state located at the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
Adolescent Chronic Stress
Authors: McKain Danielle
Published: December 2018

As adolescents face new challenges, the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression is growing. This chapter presents research on stress, anxiety, and depression as it relates to brain development and treatment options. While prescription medication is a common treatment option, there is concern over use with the development of the adolescent brain and side effects. In addition to, or in place of, medication, other treatment options presented in this chapter include psychotherapy, biofeedback, mindfulness, diet, exercise, and social media use. With advances in technology and increased use among adolescents, the chapter will present new treatment options that are available through apps and social media.
Chronic Stress and Chronic Pain
Authors: Starcevic Branislav
Published: December 2018

Pain and stress basically overlap in conceptual and physiological perceptions. Chronic stress and chronic pain share a common behavioral model of failure to extinguish negative memories as one of psychological and physiological mechanisms of defense. They also have discrepancies such that the final brain endophenotype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and chronic pain appears to be different among the three conditions, and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis remains unclear in the physiology of pain. Persistence of either stress or pain is maladaptive and could lead to compromised homeostasis. The effectiveness of interventions that may increase return to work and patient satisfaction in trauma victims should be a future directive of research.
Digital Heath Interventions in Mental Health
Authors: Stanimirovic Aleksandra
Published: December 2018

Technological renaissance of the last century stimulated the application of digital interventions in the healthcare domain. Digital healthcare interventions (DHIs) could be implemented through smartphone applications (apps), remote monitoring and tracking devices, and wearable computers. Technology is positioned to transform how mental healthcare is delivered and accessed. In fact, remote active and passive monitoring of parameters, such as mood, activity, and sleep, could be integrated with therapeutic interventions. However, the transformation entails combined conscription of science, regulation, and design. Implementation, adoption, and evaluation of DHI present special challenges. This chapter presents brief history of DHIs in mental health and frameworks an evaluation strategy in terms of the appropriate methods required for appraisal of DHIs.
EarLocalizer
Authors: Kamboj Aman , Rani Rajneesh , Nigam Aditya
Published: December 2018

With much concern over security, it has become essential to maintain the identity and track of an individual's activities in the modern healthcare sector. Although there are biometric authentication systems based on different modalities, recognition of a person using the ear has gained much attention as ears are unique. Ear localization is a first step for ear-based biometric authentication systems, and this needs to be accurate, since it plays a crucial role in the overall performance of the system. The localization of ear in the side face images captured in the wild possess great challenges due to varying angles, light, scale, background clutter, blur and occlusion, etc. In this chapter, the authors have proposed EarLocalizer model to localize the ear, which is inspired by Faster-RCNN. The model is evaluated on two wild ear databases, UBEAR-II and USTB-III, and has achieved an accuracy of 95% and 99.08%, respectively, at IOU (Intersection over Union) = 0.5. The results of the proposed model signify that the model is invariant to the environmental conditions.
Pre-Clinical ASD Screening Using Multi-Biometrics-Based Systems
Authors: Wadhera Tanu , Kakkar Deepti , Kaur Gurjot , Menia Vasudha
Published: December 2018

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) screening is still an ongoing process due to few objective and effective screening approaches. The consideration of facial patterns, fingerprints, and other metrics such as footprints and ear size can well explain the ASD phenotypes. These physical anomalies provide a simpler and more objective approach to screen the disorder through rather than considering the complex biological factors. Moreover, it is very easy to acquire these metrics as compared to those lengthier and restrictive procedures. The screening engine in which both the biometrics are integrated has better and reliable outcomes as compared to singular approaches. The objective of this chapter is to present an ASD screening system based on the combination of biometrics of face and fingers. The novelty of the chapter is that the classifier-based matching and fusion of the modalities has been proposed. Hence, multi-biometric-based pre-clinical system has the potential to follow ASD-affected individuals continuously, objectively, and periodically.
Patient Health Monitoring Using IoT
Authors: Manoj Adusumalli Sai , Hussain Mohammed Ali , Teja Paleti Surya
Published: December 2018

In today's world, health is one of the vital issues to solve through wireless communication technology. It should be efficient in terms of cost and reliable communication with suitable protocols. To monitor the health conditions of a patient, a mobile care system can be designed with the help of wireless sensor network using IoT. This can be done by integrating different sensors to sense physiological data from a human body and then transmit the data to a remote healthcare cloud through a smartphone as an interface. All the vital signs monitored are portable and will have the ability of short-range wireless communication. Then the data can be uploaded to the central server to keep track of the patient's health condition. In emergency, a notification will be sent to the nearest hospital by sending a warning message through mobile application.
Management of Obese Pediatric Patients in the Digital Era
Authors: Vlachopapadopoulou Elpis , Georga Eleni I. , Fotiadis Dimitrios I.
Published: December 2018

In this chapter, state of the art in mHealth solutions for monitoring and treatment of children suffering from obesity is presented and discussed. mHealth solutions are used for self-management, remote monitoring, and counseling of several chronic conditions including diabetes mellitus, heart failure, Parkinson's disease, etc. Concerning childhood obesity, those solutions can combine targeted games and motivational approaches towards both physical activity and diet, which could help in addressing this serious and global health issue in the direction of minimizing co-morbidities and eventually preventing serious, life-threatening events. Management of obese children requires behavior change. Multi-component intervention programs via a mobile platform can play a significant role in weight control during childhood and adolescence. In continuation of the chapter, the authors report on the newest advances in the field of digital health interventions addressing childhood obesity.
Mathematical Models for Computer Virus
Authors: Zimeras Stelios
Published: December 2018

Computer viruses have been studied for a long time both by the research and by the application communities. As computer networks and the internet became more popular from the late 1980s on, viruses quickly evolved to be able to spread through the internet by various means such as file downloading, email, exploiting security holes in software, etc. In general, epidemic models assume that individuals go through a series of states at a certain constant set of rates. Different epidemic models have been proposed based on the characteristics of the systems and the topology of the network. In this chapter, an analysis of various epidemic models will be analyzed under differential mathematical systems.
Clustering and Query Optimization in Fuzzy Object-Oriented Database
Authors: Nguyen Thuan Tan , Van Doan Ban , Truong Chau Ngoc , Tran Trinh Thi Thuy
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the clustering method is to provide some meaningful partitioning of the data set. In general, finding separate clusters with similar members is essential. A problem in clustering is how to determine the number of optimal clusters that best fits the data set. Most clustering algorithms generate a partition based on input parameters (for example, cluster number, minimum density) which results in limiting the number of clusters. Therefore, the article proposes an improved EMC clustering algorithm that is more flexible in handling and manipulating those clusters, where input parameter values are assumed to be different clusters for different partitions of a data set. In addition, based on the above partitioning results, this article proposes a new approach to processing and optimizing fuzzy queries to improve efficiency in the manipulation and processing of specific data such as (less time consuming, less resource consuming)
A Better Stability Control of Inverted Pendulum System Using FMINCON Based FOPID Controller Over Fractional Order Based MRAC Controller
Authors: Mukherjee Deep , Kundu Palash , Ghosh Apurba
Published: December 2018

In this article, a stability analysis on an inverted pendulum system has been approached using a fractional order PID controller and a fractional order-based model reference adaptive controller. A modified MIT rule provides an extra degree of freedom, unlike an MIT rule of MRAC controllers to stablize the pendulum angle of the inverted pendulum system which is highly unstable in nature. Here, to analyze better stability performance of the inverted pendulum over the fractional order MIT rule of MRAC controller optimal fractional order, a PID controller has been approached and FMINCON numerical optimization algorithm has been chosen to optimize the fractional order PID controller using ITSE as a scaler objective function. Next, the behaviourial characteristics of the pendulum have been compared between the FMINCON-based FOPID controllers and the fractional order MIT rule of the MRAC controller to show robust performance using an optimal FOPID controller with respect to performance indices increases time, settling time, followed by errors ISE, IAE, ITSE.
Identification of Essential Proteins by Detecting Topological and Functional Clusters in Protein Interaction Network of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: Sengupta Kaustav , Saha Sovan , Chatterjee Piyali , Kundu Mahantapas , Nasipuri Mita , Basu Subhadip
Published: December 2018

Essential protein identification is an important factor to inspect the mechanisms of disease progression and to identify drug targets. With the advancement of high throughput genome sequencing projects, a bulk of protein data is available where the analysis of interaction pattern, functional annotation and characterization are necessary for detecting proteins' essentiality in network level. A set of centrality measure has been used to identify the highly connected proteins or hubs. From recent studies, it is observed that the majority of hubs are considered to be essential proteins. In this article, a method EPIN_Pred is proposed where a combination of several centrality measures is used to find the hub and non-hub proteins. Using the cohesiveness property, overlapping topological clusters are found. Using gene ontology (GO) terms, these topological clusters are again combined, if required. The performance of EPIN_Pred is also found to be superior when compared to other state-of-the-art methods.
Collaboration Network Analysis Based on Normalized Citation Count and Eigenvector Centrality
Authors: Bihari Anand , Tripathi Sudhakar , Deepak Akshay
Published: December 2018

In the research community, the estimation of the scholarly impact of an individual is based on either citation-based indicators or network centrality measures. The network-based centrality measures like degree, closeness, betweenness & eigenvector centrality and the citation-based indicators such as h-index, g-index & i10-index, etc., are used and all of the indicators give full credit to all of the authors of a particular article. This is although the contribution of the authors are different. To determine the actual contribution of an author in a particular article, we have applied arithmetic, geometric and harmonic counting methods for finding the actual contribution of an individual. To find the prominent actor in the network, we have applied eigenvector centrality. To authenticate the proposed analysis, an experimental study has been conducted on 186007 authors collaboration network, that is extracted from IEEE Xplore. The experimental results show that the geometric counting-based credit distribution among scholars gives better results than others.
Variable Selection of Customers for Churn Analysis in Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Mahajan Vishal , Mahajan Renuka
Published: December 2018

The telecommunication industry considers customer relationship management as a significant issue for organizational adaptation. Mobile service providers have enforced CRM with the objective to reduce the number of customers that churn. The objective of this article is to detect high impact factors leading to customer churn in the mobile industry over the present-day market situation in Delhi-NCR by using a questionnaire survey and examine their importance. The study is done to understand usage patterns of customers using mobile data services. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify the most common issues to identify attributes of selecting a service provider, cellular usage, and service quality. Thus, the authors have selected possible variables for modeling the decision tree to build a churn prediction model. A renewed customer service, after analyzing this experience, could predict those customers who are at risk of switching to a different provider.
Complement Activation Occurs at the Surface of Platelets Activated by Streptococcal M1 Protein and This Results in Phagocytosis of Platelets
Authors: Palm Frida , Sjöholm Kristoffer , Malmström Johan , Shannon Oonagh
Published: December 2018

Platelets circulate the bloodstream and principally maintain hemostasis. Disturbed hemostasis, a dysregulated inflammatory state, and a decreased platelet count are all hallmarks of severe invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection, sepsis. We have previously demonstrated that the released M1 protein from S. pyogenes activates platelets, and this activation is dependent on the binding of M1 protein, fibrinogen, and M1-specific IgG to platelets in susceptible donors. In this study, we characterize the M1-associated protein interactions in human plasma and investigate the acquisition of proteins to the surface of activated platelets and the consequences for platelet immune function. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, M1 protein was determined to form a protein complex in plasma with statistically significant enrichment of fibrinogen, IgG3, and complement components, especially C1q. Using flow cytometry, these plasma proteins were also confirmed to be acquired to the platelet surface, resulting in complement activation on M1-activated human platelets. Furthermore, we demonstrated an increased phagocytosis of M1-activated platelets by monocytes, which was not observed with other physiological platelet agonists. This reveals a novel mechanism of complement activation during streptococcal sepsis, which contributes to the platelet consumption that occurs in sepsis.
Acute abdominal pain in emergency room: Is it always a simple diagnosis?
Authors: Barakat Bahjat , Bacci Francesco , Pezzilli Raffaele
Published: December 2018

Acute abdominal pain is characterized by pain arising from the abdominal area, of non-traumatic origin with a maximum duration of five days and represents a true medical emergency. It is also one of the most common reasons for referral to an emergency department and the most common cause for no trauma-related hospital admissions. Hematologic disorders represent the 0.3% of all admissions for acute abdominal pain. We report a rare case of retroperitoneal bulky mass due to anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma. This entity represents a rare tumor and early diagnosis leads to a correct diagnosis of the origin of the acute abdominal pain and chemotherapy is vital to ensure good prognosis.
A case of embolic stroke from atrial myxoma
Authors: Varutti Rosanna , Trillò Giulio , Piazza Rita , Bassi Flavio
Published: December 2018

Not available.
Morphologic and immunophenotypic features of a case of acute monoblastic leukemia with unusual positivity for Glycophorin-A
Authors: Carulli Giovanni , Sammuri Paola , Domenichini Cristiana , Rousseau Martina , Ottaviano Virginia , Ferreri Maria Immacolata , Azzarà Antonio , Caracciolo Francesco , Petrini Mario
Published: December 2018

Acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) is characterized by cells with highly undifferentiated morphology. Cytochemistry with non-specific esterases is negative in up to 20% of cases. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry has an essential role in diagnosing such a subtype of leukemia and a multiparametric approach with a wide monoclonal antibody panel is necessary. We describe a case of AMoL with morphology resembling either plasma blasts or very immature erythroblasts. Diagnosis was made by alpha-naphtyl-acetate esterase staining and with immunophenotyping, which was made with a wide monoclonal antibody panel. Blasts were positive for monocytic markers. Most of leukemic cells, however, were positive for Glycophorin-A. The presence of Glycophorin-A, which is considered as a specific marker of the erythroid lineage, has never been reported previously in cases of AMoL. This peculiar immunophenotype might be interpreted as deriving from a common myelo-erythroid precursor undergone leukemic transformation.
INTRODUZIONE
Authors: Berlucchi Giovanni
Published: December 2018

Non disponibile.
FAUSTINO SAVOLDI: Lâ€™UOMO, Lâ€™AMICO, LO STUDIOSO
Authors: Mazzarello Paolo
Published: December 2018

On January 14, 2016, Faustino Savoldi, a member of the Istituto Lombardo and one of the protagonists of the Pavia and Italian neurological sciences in the second half of the twentieth century was missing. Born in Brescia on July 4, 1930, after his high school studies in his hometown, he enrolled in the medical faculty of Pavia in 1949 where he took the first steps of his scientific career, graduating in 1955, under the guidance of Carlo Berlucchi. Probably influenced by the master he turned to the electrophysiological study of the nervous system and soon became one of the pioneers of experimental electroencephalography. The research sectors he sponsored were those related to clinical and experimental epilepsy, to the pathogenesis of vertigo, to language disorders, to the taxonomic nosography of headaches, to physiological and pathological neuroendocrine mechanisms, to cerebrovascular diseases. A scholar with vast interests, he published important essays for the critical interpretation of various neuropsychiatric topics, also evaluated from a philosophical perspective. At the same time his university career flourished culminating with the chair of Neurology at the University of Pavia and the scientific direction of the Neurological Institute Casimiro Mondino until 1989. In the last years, after retirement, Savoldi had dedicated himself to a titanic enterprise, to write a treatise on the problem of consciousness, which came to an end in 2013. The present essay outlines his scientific and human figure.
Nascere per sbaglio / To be born by mistake
Authors: Colombetti Elena
Published: December 2018

Il danno da procreazione costituisce una fattispecie giuridica che da qualche decennio impegna molti tribunali di Paesi occidentali. Il testo affronta la questione dal punto di vista filosofico, analizzando il concetto stesso di danno da procreazione, nel suo duplice versante di nascita sbagliata e di vita sbagliata, e le argomentazioni che sostengono il dovere morale di non far nascere esseri umani con un problema di salute. In particolare vengono prese in esame la tesi di Harris e di Savulescu, secondo cui tale doverosità deriva dall’obbligo di non introdurre sofferenza inutile nel mondo (Harris) e dal Principio di Beneficialità Procreativa (Savulescu). L’analisi è condotta secondo due livelli: il primo rimanendo nella logica stessa della beneficialità e della non maleficienza, cercando anche di vedere se le premesse poste dai due autori portino effettivamente alla conclusione dell’esistenza di tale obbligo morale; la seconda discutendo alcune delle premesse teoriche di tali tesi. ---------- For a few decades, many courts of western countries are facing the claims for wrongful birth and wrongful life. The paper addresses the issue from a philosophical perspective, analysing the same concept of a “damage from procreation”, in its double face of wrongful birth and wrongful life, and the arguments that support the moral duty of not giving birth to human beings with a health problem. Specifically, it examines the thesis of Harris and Savulescu, according to which such dutifulness derives from the obligation not to introduce unnecessary suffering in the world (Harris) and the Principle of Procreative Beneficence (Savulescu). The analysis is conducted on two levels: the first, remaining in the logic of beneficence and non-maleficence, trying to see if the premises laid down by the two authors lead to the conclusion of the existence of this moral obligation; in the second, discussing some of the theoretical premises of these theses.
Nonconventional Options for Tumor Localization in Breast and Axillary Lymph Nodes: A Pictorial How-To
Authors: Samreen Naziya , Lee Christine U , Bhatt Asha A
Published: December 2018

Preoperative localization of breast malignancies using traditional ultrasound and digital techniques can be challenging, particularly after neoadjuvant chemotherapy when the target is not conspicuous. The purpose of this paper is to pictorially present nontraditional techniques that have been helpful in preoperative localization before surgery. We will discuss techniques for breast lesion localization using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as axillary lymph node localization using tomosynthesis, CT, and MRI.
Defining environmental conservation levels considering anthropic activity in the Uberaba River Basin protected area
Authors: Santos Allita Rezende dos , Silva Renato Carneiro Fernandes da , Assis Leonardo Campos de , Mauad Frederico Fábio
Published: December 2018

Environmental conservation of river basins in general is essential for water quality and ecological maintenance, especially in spring areas. Despite being characterized as a Conservation Unit (CU) of Sustainable Use (SU), the Uberaba River Basin highlands are highly influenced by anthropic activities. The aim of this study was to determine different levels of conservation required to maintain environmental quality. The Multicriteria evaluation method was used as follows: i) applied fuzzy membership functions to standardization of the continuous data values or reclassified when categorical criteria; (ii) established criteria ranking through the pairwise relative importance comparison approach by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and; (iii) performed Weighted Linear Combination (WLC). The selected criteria were maps of the: land cover obtained by supervised classification of a satellite image, with 94% of Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA); soil types, slope; distances from rivers, roads; railways and urban limits. A main outcome of the criteria evaluated is a map of continuous data values expressing distinct levels of environmental conservation requirements. The highest values that express the need for conservation occurred near the ridgetop, corresponding to forest land cover, high slope and hydromorphic soils. The lowest values were observed in the peri-urban areas, in more stable soil and soil cover with a higher degree of occupation. It is concluded that the resulting map can assist in decision-making regarding proper management of the area, to achieve sustainability in the application of occupation policies.
Pensar o aprender Matemática no conversar com o estudante
Authors: Cardoso de Oliveira Macedo Aline , Pereira Laurino Débora
Published: December 2018

Neste trabalho trazemos as tecnologias que os estudantes de Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia consideram importantes para potencializar o aprender Matemática. Organizamos as respostas, obtidas por meio de questionários, utilizando o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e as analisamos com o aporte da Biologia do Conhecer. Identificamos que estudantes consideram importante que existam lugares para conversar sobre Matemática com os seus professores e com os colegas. Lugares esses nos quais sejam disponibilizados materiais concretos e softwares, e que esse espaço de convivência também possa ser replicado em um ambiente digital. Incluir a percepção do aluno sobre o que eles entendem como importante para o seu processo de aprendizagem é um primeiro passo para tentar superar as dificuldades inerentes ao processo do educar.
Arte, Educação Matemática e empatia: algumas reflexões
Authors: Brolezzi Antonio Carlos , Ota Iuri Naoto Nobre
Published: December 2018

A associação entre Arte e Matemática pode ser estabelecida considerando a Matemática existente em produções artísticas como arquitetura, escultura, música e pintura. Ressaltando-se essa relação, parece ficar oculto o lado da Matemática que é arte em si, ou seja, sua construção. Nesse artigo trazemos reflexões, com base em uma revisão bibliográfica, sobre o papel da apreciação estética, da criatividade, empatia e imaginação na criação da Matemática, tanto no seu aspecto de área de pesquisa científica como na Educação Matemática.
Reflexões acerca das etapas de identificação, fissuração e superação de obstáculos de aprendizagem no ensino de frações
Authors: Lyra Letícia Ribeiro , Menoncini Lucia , Bordin Leandro
Published: December 2018

Neste artigo propomos analisar e discutir como o conceito de frações numéricas é apresentado no livro didático do 5º ano do ensino fundamental. Para tal, recorremos às etapas de identificação, fissuração e superação dos obstáculos de aprendizagem, propostas por Astolfi (1999). As etapas são essenciais para que o estudante supere seus conhecimentos prévios inadequados conduzindo-os à automatização dos conhecimentos científicos. Destacamos que o ensino de frações é introduzido nos anos iniciais por professores de Pedagogia. Sabendo que este profissional precisa dar conta de múltiplos conhecimentos, para os quais muitas vezes se sente fragilizado, sinalizamos o reconhecimento das referidas etapas, com intuito de contribuir para o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem do conceito de frações.
As representações algébrica e geométrica na aprendizagem de mudança de base
Authors: Moro Graciela , Viseu Floriano , Siple Ivanete Zuchi
Published: December 2018

Na aprendizagem de conceitos de Álgebra Linear os alunos do ensino superior tendem a manifestar dificuldades devido à sua natureza abstrata, o que podem ser minimizadas caso se explore a conexão entre as diferentes representações de um mesmo conceito. Recorrendo a um ensino que explorou as representações algébrica e geométrica de conceitos de Álgebra Linear, procuramos averiguar como os alunos compreendem as transformações entre as diferentes representações, algébrica e geométrica, dos conceitos de coordenadas e mudança de base na resolução de uma tarefa após esse ensino. Adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa na procura de compreender como os alunos operacionalizam os conceitos de coordenadas e de mudança de base nessas representações. A análise das respostas dos alunos à tarefa proposta aponta para um melhor desempenho da transição da representação algébrica para a geométrica do que nas transformações realizadas dentro da própria representação algébrica. As maiores dificuldades relacionam-se com a interpretação equivocada dos conceitos envolvidos, a linguagem simbólica e com o uso inadequado de conceitos e procedimentos advindos da Geometria Analítica ou já abordados na própria Álgebra Linear.
Geometria e o assassinato no "Mathematics Express"
Authors: Català Claudi Alsina , Henriques Marcílio Dias
Published: December 2018

Este artigo é uma tradução comentada, ampliada e adaptada, temporal e geograficamente, de um texto no estilo de narrativa metafórica baseado em uma obra de ficção de Agatha Christie, escrito e apresentado em forma de conferência pelo professor Claudi Alsina i Català, no III Simpósio Ibero-americano sobre o Ensino da Matemática, promovido em 1991, pela OEI, em Buenos Aires, conferência tal cuja transcrição tem servido de referência para muitos trabalhos, em todo o mundo, ligados à prática ou à pesquisa em Educação Geométrica. Esta tradução comentada tem por objetivo levantar questões institucionais, formativas e profissionais relativas às diversas geometrias que são ensinadas desde a escola básica até as pós-graduações, de forma a trazer ao leitor lusófono algumas referências e contextualizações para análise do texto original, sem abrir mão da prerrogativa do posicionamento político tanto do autor quanto do tradutor, no que tange a tais questões, ligadas ao ensino da Geometria.
No desarranjo do arranjo: processos formativos em experimentação com geometrias
Authors: Rotondo Margareth Sacramento , Dutra Leandro Barreto
Published: December 2018

Uma pesquisa em Educação Matemática apostou numa política cognitiva inventiva e no pensamento não dogmático como modo de atentar-se à variância presente no imanente do viver. Trouxe experimentação com dispositivo do circo - tecido aéreo preso em um abacateiro – que fez nascer geometrias e existires.  Barbantes e cadernos e fotos fizeram arrastar  língua e matemática, que gaguejaram. Modos de operar com geometrias inventadas nasceram no desarranjo do arranjo. Junto a isto, processos formativos em invenção com tecido, com barbante, com risos, com riscos, com saber-sabor produzindo-se com geometrias. Adolescentes e professores e professoras em formação arriscando-se no perder-se de seus territórios, no tombamento de seus rostos e suas tantas significações na processualidade da formação, inventam-se com geometrias inventadas. O mapeamento da processulidade vívida destes processos formativos compuseram-se junto a uma política de narratividade que banhou-se em afetos do jogo Branco-Augusto da palhaçaria e das filosofias da diferença.
Comparing ERA-Interim clouds with satellite observations using a simplified satellite simulator
Authors: Stengel Martin , Schlundt Cornelia , Stapelberg Stefan , Sus Oliver , Eliasson Salomon , Willén Ulrika , Meirink Jan Fokke
Published: December 2018

Abstract. An evaluation of the ERA-Interim clouds using satellite
observations is presented. To facilitate such an evaluation in a proper way,
a simplified satellite simulator has been developed and applied to 6-hourly
ERA-Interim reanalysis data covering the period of 1982 to 2014. The simulator
converts modelled cloud fields, for example those of the ERA-Interim
reanalysis, to simulated cloud fields by accounting for specific
characteristics of passive imaging satellite sensors such as the Advanced
Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), which form the basis of many
long-term observational datasets of cloud properties. It is attempted to keep
the simulated cloud fields close to the original modelled cloud fields to
allow a quality assessment of the latter based on comparisons of the
simulated clouds fields with the observations. Applying the simulator to ERA-Interim data, this study firstly focuses on the
spatial distribution and frequency of clouds (total cloud fraction) and on
their vertical position, using cloud-top pressure to express the cloud
fraction of high-level, mid-level and low-level clouds. Furthermore, the cloud-top
thermodynamic phase is investigated. All comparisons incorporate knowledge of
systematic uncertainties in the satellite observations and are further
stratified by accounting for the limited sensitivity of the observations to
clouds with very low cloud optical thickness (COT). The comparisons show that ERA-Interim cloud fraction is generally too low nearly everywhere on the globe except in
the polar regions. This underestimation is caused by a lack of mid-level
and/or low-level clouds, for which the comparisons only show a minor sensitivity to
the cloud optical thickness thresholds applied. The amount of ERA-Interim
high-level clouds, being higher than in the observations, agrees with the
observations within their estimated uncertainties. Removing the optically
very thin clouds (COT <0.15) from the model fields improves the
agreement with the observations for high-level cloud fraction locally (e.g. in the
tropics), while for the mid-latitude regions, the best agreement for
high-level cloud fraction is found when removing all clouds with COT <1.0.
Comparisons of the cloud thermodynamic phase at the cloud top reveal a too high relative ice cloud frequency in ERA-Interim, being most pronounced
in the higher latitudes. Indications are found that this is due to the
suppression of liquid cloud occurrence for temperatures
below −23 ∘C in ERA-Interim. The application of this simulator facilitates a more effective use of passive
satellite observations of clouds in the evaluation of modelled cloudiness,
for example in reanalyses.
Marine boundary layer aerosol in the eastern North Atlantic: seasonal variations and key controlling processes
Authors: Zheng Guangjie , Wang Yang , Aiken Allison C. , Gallo Francesca , Jensen Michael P. , Kollias Pavlos , Kuang Chongai , Luke Edward , Springston Stephen , Uin Janek , Wood Robert , Wang Jian
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The response of marine low cloud systems to changes in aerosol concentration
represents one of the largest uncertainties in climate simulations. Major
contributions to this uncertainty are derived from poor understanding of aerosol
under natural conditions and the perturbation by anthropogenic emissions. The
eastern North Atlantic (ENA) is a region of persistent but diverse marine
boundary layer (MBL) clouds, whose albedo and precipitation are highly
susceptible to perturbations in aerosol properties. In this study, we examine
MBL aerosol properties, trace gas mixing ratios, and meteorological
parameters measured at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research
Facility's ENA site on Graciosa Island, Azores, Portugal, during a 3-year
period from 2015 to 2017. Measurements impacted by local pollution on
Graciosa Island and during occasional intense biomass burning and dust events
are excluded from this study. Submicron aerosol size distribution typically
consists of three modes: Aitken (At, diameter Dp<∼100 nm),
accumulation (Ac, Dp within ∼100 to ∼300 nm), and
larger accumulation (LA, Dp>∼300 nm) modes, with average
number concentrations (denoted as NAt, NAc, and
NLA below) of 330, 114, and 14 cm−3, respectively.
NAt, NAc, and NLA show contrasting seasonal
variations, suggesting different sources and removal processes.
NLA is dominated by sea spray aerosol (SSA) and is higher in winter and
lower in summer. This is due to the seasonal variations of SSA production,
in-cloud coalescence scavenging, and dilution by entrained free troposphere
(FT) air. In comparison, SSA typically contributes a relatively minor
fraction to NAt (10 %) and NAc (21 %) on an annual basis. In
addition to SSA, sources of Ac-mode particles include entrainment of FT
aerosols and condensation growth of Aitken-mode particles inside the MBL, while
in-cloud coalescence scavenging is the major sink of NAc. The observed
seasonal variation of NAc, being higher in summer and lower in winter,
generally agrees with the steady-state concentration estimated from major
sources and sinks. NAt is mainly controlled by entrainment of FT
aerosol, coagulation loss, and growth of Aitken-mode particles into the
Ac-mode size range. Our calculation suggests that besides the direct
contribution from entrained FT Ac-mode particles, growth of entrained FT
Aitken-mode particles in the MBL also represent a substantial source of
cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), with the highest contribution potentially
reaching 60 % during summer. The growth of Aitken-mode particles to CCN size
is an expected result of the condensation of sulfuric acid, a product from
dimethyl sulfide oxidation, suggesting that ocean ecosystems may have a
substantial influence on MBL CCN populations in the ENA.
Vertical aerosol distribution in the Southern hemispheric Midlatitudes as observed with lidar at Punta Arenas, Chile (53.2° S and 70.9° W) during ALPACA
Authors: Foth Andreas , Kanitz Thomas , Engelmann Ronny , Baars Holger , Radenz Martin , Seifert Patric , Barja Boris , Kalesse Heike , Ansmann Albert
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Within this publication, lidar observations of the vertical aerosol distribution above Punta Arenas, Chile (53.2° S and 50.9° W) which have been performed with the Raman lidar PollyXT from December 2009 to April 2010 are presented. Pristine marine aerosol conditions related to the prevailing westerly circulation dominated the measurements. Lofted aerosol layers could only be observed eight times during the whole measurement period. Two case studies are presented showing long-range transport of smoke from biomass burning in Australia and regionally transported dust from the Patagonian Desert, respectively. The aerosol sources are identified by trajectory analyses with HYSPLIT and FLEXPART. However, seven of the eight analysed cases with lofted layers show an aerosol optical thickness of less than 0.05. From the lidar observations a mean planetary boundary layer (PBL) top height of 1150 ± 350 m was determined. An analysis of particle backscatter coefficients confirms that the majority of the aerosol is attributed to the PBL while the free troposphere is characterized by a very low background aerosol concentration. The ground-based lidar observations at 532 and 1064 nm are supplemented by the AERONET Sun photometers and the space-borne lidar CALIOP on board of CALIPSO. The averaged AOT determined by CALIOP was 0.02 ± 0.01 at Punta Arenas from 2009 to 2010.