bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluctuating Asymmetry in Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and Conditions of Its Manifestation
Authors: Raisa Sukhodolskaya , Anatoliy Saveliev , Timur Mukhametnabiev , Natalia Eremeeva
Published: December 2019

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is used to reveal environmental or genetic stress, but the results of some studies are inconsistent. We aimed to give some explanations of possible controversial conclusions, when FA was employed. We measured FA (one dimensional and one meristic traits) in the recognized bioindicators—ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Beetles were sampled in a vast area (four provinces of Russia with the spectrum of the studied sites, which differed in anthropogenic impact, vegetation, and landscape features). On the basis of such measurements (4673 specimen) we created a data base. Subsequent ANOVA showed, that FA was species-specific (out of six species investigated it was expressed in five ones), sex-biased (males had higher levels of FA), and were affected practically by all environmental factors. Besides significant species–sex and factors–sex interactions were found. So, when employing FA as an indicator of stress, overall biological and ecological variation in species-indicator must be investigated before. Sometimes FA (or its absence) may not be due to pollution or another disturbing factor, but be the result of the effect of unaccounted but FA determinative factors.
Block Cipher in the Ideal Cipher Model: A Dedicated Permutation Modeled as a Black-Box Public Random Permutation
Authors: Nawaz Yasir , Wang Lei
Published: December 2019

Designing a secure construction has always been a fascinating area for the researchers in the field of symmetric key cryptography. This research aimed to make contributions to the design of secure block cipher in the ideal cipher model whose underlying primitive is a family of n − b i t to n − b i t random permutations indexed by secret key. Our target construction of a secure block ciphers denoted as E [ s ] is built on a simple XOR operation and two block cipher invocations, under the assumptions that the block cipher in use is a pseudorandom permutation. One out of these two block cipher invocations produce a subkey that is derived from the secret key. It has been accepted that at least two block cipher invocations with XOR operations are required to achieve beyond birthday bound security. In this paper, we investigated the E [ s ] instances with the advanced proof technique and efficient block cipher constructions that bypass the birthday-bound up to 2 n provable security was achieved. Our study provided new insights to the block cipher that is beyond birthday bound security.
Botulinum Toxin Therapy Combined with Rehabilitation for Stroke: A Systematic Review of Effect on Motor Function
Authors: Hara Takatoshi , Momosaki Ryo , Niimi Masachika , Yamada Naoki , Hara Hiroyoshi , Abo Masahiro
Published: December 2019

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) therapy combined with rehabilitation on motor function in post-stroke patients. Methods: The following sources up to December 31, 2018, were searched from inception for articles in English: Pubmed, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL. Trials using injections of BoNT-A for upper and lower limb rehabilitation were examined. We excluded studies that were not performed for rehabilitation or were not evaluated for motor function. Results: Twenty-six studies were included. In addition to rehabilitation, nine studies used adjuvant treatment to improve spasticity or improve motor function. In the upper limbs, two of 14 articles indicated that significant improvement in upper limb motor function was observed compared to the control group. In the lower limbs, seven of 14 articles indicated that significant improvement in lower limb motor function was observed compared to the control group. Conclusions: The effect of combined with rehabilitation is limited after stroke, and there is not sufficient evidence, but results suggest that BoNT-A may help to improve motor function. In future studies, the establishment of optimal rehabilitation and evaluation times of BoNT-A treatment will be necessary for improving motor function and spasticity.
Further Evidence for in Utero Transmission of Equine Hepacivirus to Foals
Authors: Pronost Stephane , Fortier Christine , Marcillaud-Pitel Christel , Tapprest Jackie , Foursin Marc , Saunier Bertrand , Pitel Pierre-Hugues , Paillot Romain , Hue Erika S.
Published: December 2019

(1) Background: Equine hepacivirus (EqHV), also referred to as non-primate hepacivirus (NPHV), infects horses—and dogs in some instances—and is closely related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) that has infected up to 3% of the world’s human population, causing an epidemic of liver cirrhosis and cancer. EqHV also chronically infects the liver of horses, but does not appear to cause serious liver damages. Previous studies have been looking to identify route(s) of EqHV transmission to and between horses. (2) Methods: In this retrospective study, we sought to evaluate the prevalence of vertical transmission taking place in utero with measuring by quantitative RT-PCR the amounts of EqHV genome in samples from 394 dead foals or fetuses, paired with the allantochorion whenever available. (3) Results: Detection of EqHV in three foals most likely resulted from a vertical transmission from the mares to the fetuses, consistent with the in utero transmission hypothesis. In support of this observation, the presence of EqHV genome was found for the first time in two of the allantochorions. (4) Conclusions: As seemingly benign viruses could turn deadly (e.g., Zika flavivirus) and EqHV happens to have infected a significant proportion of the world’s horse herds, EqHV infectious cycle should be further clarified.
Simultaneous Deletion of Virulence Factors and Insertion of Antigens into the Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus Using NHEJ-CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre–Lox System for Construction of a Stable Vaccine Vector
Authors: Atasoy Mustafa Ozan , Rohaim Mohammed A. , Munir Muhammad
Published: December 2019

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) is a promising vaccine vector due to its heterologous gene accommodation capabilities, low pathogenicity, and potential to induce cellular and humoral arms of immunity. Owing to these characteristics, different gene-deletion versions of ILTVs have been successfully deployed as a vector platform for the development of recombinant vaccines against multiple avian viruses using conventional recombination methods, which are tedious, time-demanding, and error-prone. Here, we applied a versatile, and customisable clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 accompanied with Cre–Lox system to simultaneously delete virulence factors and to insert foreign genes in the ILTV genome. Using this pipeline, we successfully deleted thymidine kinase (TK) and unique short 4 (US4) genes and inserted fusion (F) gene of the Newcastle disease virus without adversely affecting ILTV replication and expression of the F protein. Taken together, the proposed approach offers novel tools to attenuate (by deletion of virulence factor) and to generate multivalent (by insertion of heterologous genes) vaccine vectors to protect chickens against pathogens of poultry and public health importance.
What Do Plants Leave after Summer on the Ground?—The Effect of Afforested Plants in Arid Environments
Authors: Jiménez-Rodríguez César Dionisio , Coenders-Gerrits Miriam , Uhlenbrook Stefan , Wenninger Jochen
Published: December 2019

The implementation of afforestation programs in arid environments in northern China had modified the natural vegetation patterns. This increases the evaporation flux; however, the influence of these new covers on the soil water conditions is poorly understood. This work aims to describe the effect of Willow bushes (Salix psammophila C. Wang and Chang Y. Yang) and Willow trees (Salix matsudana Koidz.) on the soil water conditions after the summer. Two experimental plots located in the Hailiutu catchment (Shaanxi province, northwest China), and covered with plants of each species, were monitored during Autumn in 2010. The monitoring included the soil moisture, fine root distribution and transpiration fluxes that provided information about water availability, access and use by the plants. Meanwhile, the monitoring of stable water isotopes collected from precipitation, soil water, groundwater and xylem water linked the water paths. The presence of Willow trees and Willow bushes reduce the effect of soil evaporation after summer, increasing the soil moisture respect to bare soil conditions. Also, the presence of soil water with stable water isotope signatures close to groundwater reflect the hydraulic lift process. This is an indication of soil water redistribution carried out by both plant species.
Numerical Simulations of Non-Breaking, Breaking and Broken Wave Interaction with Emerged Vegetation Using Navier-Stokes Equations
Authors: Zou Xuefeng , Zhu Liangsheng , Zhao Jun
Published: December 2019

Coastal plants can significantly dissipate water wave energy and services as a part of shoreline protection. Using plants as a natural buffer from wave impacts remains an attractive possibility. In this paper, we present a numerical investigation on the effects of the emerged vegetation on non-breaking, breaking and broken wave propagation through vegetation over flat and sloping beds using the Reynolds-average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with a volume of fluid (VOF) surface capturing method. The multiphase two-equation k-ω SST turbulence model is adopted to simulate wave breaking and takes into account the effects enhanced by vegetation. The numerical model is validated with existing data from several laboratory experiments. The sensitivities of wave height evolution due to wave conditions and vegetation characteristics with variable bathymetry have been investigated. The results show good agreement with measured data. For non-breaking waves, the wave reflection due to the vegetation can increase wave height in front of the vegetation. For breaking waves, it is shown that the wave breaking behavior can be different when the vegetation is in the surf zone. The wave breaking point is slightly earlier and the wave height at the breaking point is smaller with the vegetation. For broken waves, the vegetation has little effect on the wave height before the breaking point. Meanwhile, the inertia force is important within denser vegetation and is intended to decrease the wave damping of the vegetation. Overall, the present model has good performance in simulating non-breaking, breaking and broken wave interaction with the emerged vegetation and can achieve a better understanding of wave propagation over the emerged vegetation.
MODELAGEM DE ENERGIA FOTOVOLTAICA EM FUNÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS CLIMÁTICOS
Authors: Souza Amaury , Garcia Ana Paula , Rahman Ataur , Haque Mahmudul
Published: December 2019

O futura na produtividade de energia fotovoltaica (PVE) é avaliada usando as variáveis climáticas simuladas com aerossol, índice de claridade e irradiancia solar , é um modelo para o desempenho dos sistemas fotovoltaicos. A análise indica que as reduções de emissões de aerossóis no futuro próximo resultará em um aumento do aquecimento global, e uma resposta significativa da radiação solar superfície e produtividade PVE associado. As mudanças na produtividade de radiação e PVE solar de superfície estão relacionados com efeitos globais de redução de aerossóis sobre a circulação em grande escala e padrão de cobertura de nuvens associada, ao invés de efeitos locais sobre as propriedades ópticas atmosféricas. Avaliação PVE é então discutido no quadro da situação atual e do mercado fotovoltaico, destacando que os efeitos sobre a produtividade induzidos por políticas industriais e públicos, e desenvolvimento tecnológico são comparáveis aos efeitos relacionados com o clima. Os resultados apresentados incentivam a melhoria e posterior utilização dos modelos climáticos na avaliação da disponibilidade futura para energias renováveis.
Features, Opportunities and Application of Control Cards Accumulated Sum. Part 2. Numerical Method for Assessing the Disorder of a Technological Process
Authors: Volodarsky E. , Kosheva L. , Pototsky I.
Published: December 2019

The article continues to consider the possibility of maintaining the technological process in a statistical control state with the use of cumulative sum charts. A numerical method for estimating the statistical controllability of a process using a scheme of decision intervals based on a computational algorithm is considered.
Cumulative sum charts can provide an out-of-control process detection and, unlike a regular Shewhart charts, allow determine quickly and accurately the process change area, as well as when corrective action is required. Unlike the graphical method using the V-mask, when the mandatory presence of an operator is required to monitor the state of the process, the numerical estimation method using the decision interval scheme can be automated and provide appropriate signals without operator involvement.
The method under consideration reveals a point in time when a change in process cannot be caused solely by the influence of random causes, that is, there is a significant systematic influence, a disorder of the process and a shift in the primary level of adjustment. The use of the same V-mask allows to solve the opposite problem: when fixing the moment of disorder of the technological process to determine what time this event took place.
When constructing a V-mask, its «opening angle» is directly related to the maximum permissible displacement of the process and, based on the requirements for the quality of the technological pro­cess, it is necessary to have an aggregate (set) of such V-masks. When applying the numerical method, this problem does not occur.
The article shows the equivalence of graphical and numerical methods theoretically and numerically, which, given the certain undoubted advantages of the latter, proves the prospect of its application.
Development and Research of the System for Control of Parameters of Manufacture of Halva Technological Process
Authors: Hrihorenko I. , Hrihorenko S. , Nosova I.
Published: December 2019

The paper considers the solution of the scienti­fic and practical problem of improving the system of control of the parameters of the technological process of halva production from the creation of the structu­ral scheme to the development of the electrical circuit diagram. The results of direct multiple measurements obtained from the control system, namely the humi­dity and temperature sensor (SHT21), have been pro­cessed. The equations of direct and inverse regression were constructed and the nature of the relationship between temperature and humidity was established using the pair correlation coefficients.
The developed control system makes it possible to provide a relative measurement error of not less than 2,5 %. Control systems are proposed for use at halva plants with the duty to control the basic parameters of the process to ensure the production of quality products.
The measuring device includes the follo­wing primary measuring transducers: raw material moisture sensor (FIZEPR-SW100.11.x), air humi­dity sensor (SHT21), water temperature sensor, ca­ramel mass, halves during mixing (DS18B20 Dallas Semiconductor model), temperature control sensor halva storage air (ADT7420). ATmega16 was used as the microcontroller. The proposed meter is capable of transmitting data up to 50 m over a 2,4 GHz radio channel with a SPI interface to the microcontroller. This transmission enables the nRF24L01 radio to operate at 2,4 GHz (Wi-Fi frequency).
The need to improve the existing meter has been proved by the use of a radio channel due to the fact that at this time it is necessary to avoid using wired interfaces where possible, due to the inability, sometimes, to draw communication lines due to the pre­sence of already installed equipment.
Analyze of Metallic Powders on Content of the Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen Admixture
Authors: Kalyniuk M. , Isakova S. , Puzrina L.
Published: December 2019

Properties of compact metals depend, in base, from oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen conсentrations in their volumes. Powders have peculiarities, which distinguish from compact metals.
Literature review on methods of determination oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen of content in metallic powders.
Main method of control of the gaseous admixture in metallic powders is method of the restoration melting of analytical metal in carring gas flow (helium, argon, nitrogen) in graphite crucible in impulse condition. Principal peculiarities and advantages of this method are enumerated.
Examples of analysis of real objects — powders of pure metals and alloys (iron, chromium, manganese, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, nickel alloys) is given.
Samples preparation is the most difficult operation in the time of analyses of metallic powders (selection, manufacturing, drying, preservation, transport of analytical samples).
Problems of calibration of the methods and analysers by standard samples are considerd.
Problems of creation of the standard samples from powder metals with known oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen concentration are considerd.
Lack of the standard samples of metallic powders on gaseous admixtures (oxygen, nitogen, hydrogen) are showed.
Method of determination oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen contents in highalloyed nickel — tempe­rature of heating on graphite crucible, time, mass of analytical sample — are created.
Materials for creation of the standard samples of powder metals with certain concetration gaseous admixture with good prospects — highalloyed nickel with low oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen concentrations — are proposed.
Evidentiality of Macroeconomic Estimates Based on Statistical Indicators
Authors: Zarova E. V.
Published: December 2019

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Three notes on the old Irish verb
Authors: Kortlandt Frederik
Published: December 2019

1. bá, boí 'I was, he was' from *bōhu-.. — 2. níta, ní«I am not/is not» from *nēst (de es-). — 3. tíagu, téit 'go(es)' from *steigh-.
An Dream Gaoidhealta Gallda : East Ulster poets and patrons as Gaelic Irish and English Crown personae
Authors: Hughes A. J.
Published: December 2019

An Dream Gaoidhealta Gallda (Les Anglo-Normans devenus Gaels), Les Poètes de l'est de I' Ulster et leurs mécènes, représentant à la fois la Couronne anglaise et l'Irlande gaélique.

Si la colonisation anglaise en Irlande, aux XVIe et XVIIe s., a eu pour résultat de remplacer l'ancienne hiérarchie gaélique par les notables anglais, les poètes bardiques et les juges brehon n'ont pas toujours été hostiles au nouveau régime. De plus, quelques familles nobles de provenance non gaélique ont entretenu des lettrés gaéliques, un phénomène d'assimilation culturelle qui s'était déjà produit à l'époque des conquêtes anglo-normandes et même Scandinaves. Un exemple remarquable de famille anglo-normande gaélicisée se voit dans les Savage des Ards, comté de Down — la famille anglo-normande qui eut la plus grande longévité de toute l'île, et qui pour survivre pratiqua la duplicité à l'égard de la Couronne comme à l'égard de l'ancien système gaélique.

Beaucoup de poètes gaéliques ont accepté des postes dans la nouvelle administration anglaise en Irlande, et quelques familles d'origine gaélique écossaise (poètes ou seigneurs), choisirent le statut de citoyen [denizen] anglais afin de pouvoir conserver leur pouvoir et leurs privilèges dans la période qui suivit la Plantation, comme par exemple les McDonnells et les Agnews, comté d'Antrim, qui invoquaient leur origine écossaise pour revendiquer une identité «britannique» plutôt que «gaélique» ou «juste irlandaise».
De ΑΝΔΟΟΥΝΝΑΒΟ, ONNO y VXOVNE
Authors: Jordán Cólera Carlos
Published: December 2019

À propos de ΑΝΔΟΟΥΝΝΑΒ O, ONNO et VXOVNE.

Les théonymes gaulois Aνδοουνναβο et Vxoune sont probablement des noms de déesses des eaux. Ils ont déjà reçu plusieurs étymologies différentes. L’auteur accepte d’identifier dans le premier nom un préfixe ande- «au-dessous» ; le thème serait non pas *udna = Lat. unda, mais *umna, un nom de la rivière, issu de *ubna et apparenté à l'irl. aub, et au lat. amnis. Le gaulois onno cité dans le glossaire d’Endlicher doit avoir été extrait des noms de rivières en -umna > -onna (Garumna , Vultumna etc.). Enfin Uxoune comporte un préfixe uxe-de *upsi «au-dessus » (Uxoune : datif latin vulgaire).
Sabrina et Sulis
Authors: Witchard Goetinck Glenys
Published: December 2019

Le Bassin de la Severn constitue une région riche en histoire séculière et reli¬gieuse, en archéologie, mythologie, folklore et littérature. En rapprochant personnages et événements de la littérature galloise médiévale, la tradition orale d’autres parties de la région, l’iconographie des principaux sites religieux de l’endroit, l’histoire de deux tribus celtiques importantes, la numismatique, les croyances et traditions d’un monde celtique et indo-européen plus vaste, et en prenant en considération les deux phénomènes naturels majeurs de la région - le mascaret de la Severn et les thermes de Bath - il devient possible d’entrevoir ce qu’ont pu être les croyances religieuses de ceux qui habitaient le Bassin de la Severn, remontant peut-être jusqu’au Néolithique. Le tout donne l’impression d’un équilibre entre le masculin et le féminin, entre soleil et lune ; mais aussi le pouvoir des eaux, salées et douces.
Le retour du fils prodigue ? Interprétations juives de Paul aux XIXe et XXe siècles : quelques jalons
Authors: Damour Franck
Published: December 2019

This article proposes to mark the evolution of Jewish interpretations of Paul since the early nineteenth century to the late twentieth century through the study of some authors representing like Joseph Salvador, Martin Buber, Leo Baeck or Daniel Boyarin. We observe a gradual integration of Paul in the Jewish world, integration which has gone through internal controversy to Judaism, the confrontation with the Christian theologians, but also broader issues of political theology.
Le discours d’envoi en mission de Matthieu 10 : état de la recherche et perspectives
Authors: Paya Christophe
Published: December 2019

Le discours d’envoi en mission de Matthieu 10 a souvent été négligé, par l’Église et par les exégètes, à cause des divers problèmes pratiques et exégétiques qu’il pose. L’état de la recherche proposé dresse l’inventaire des principales questions soulevées et des grandes orientations de l’interprétation. En réponse, l’article propose deux directions de recherche : l’étude du rapport du discours du chapitre 10 à la finale du chapitre 28, et du rôle du rapport présent-futur comme clé d’interprétation.
Le cortège des mages. Espace, temps et dévotion dans la peinture italienne du XVe siècle
Authors: Bolard Laurent
Published: December 2019

L’Adoration des Mages, thème artistique courant, pose dans sa relation à l’ensemble du cycle maintes questions relatives à l’espace et au temps. À travers la place accordée au cortège, les peintres du Quattrocento ont apporté des réponses originales qui tiennent aux liens qu’ils ont établis entre ce traitement du cortège et les évolutions artistiques, sociales, géographiques et religieuses de leur temps. Cet article propose d’en déchiffrer les principales structures.
Sow removal patterns in commercial breed-wean herds of Midwest, USA
Authors: Joab Malanda , Balogh Péter , Novotni Dankó Gabriella
Published: December 2019

An observational retrospective study was done to provide up-to-date information on recent sow removal patterns from 9 breed-wean herds of Midwest USA. The study comprised of sow’s removal reasons and removal types of F1 Landrace x Yorkshire gilts entered in the herds between 1st Jan 2014 and 31st July 2016. Data was extracted from existing database on Dec 2018 and 15% of the sows were still active in the herds hence not included in the study. Descriptive statistics showed that out of the 20,009 removed sows, planned removals comprised of farrowing productivity (FP) 3,523 (17.6%) and old age (OA) 1,785 (8.9%) while unplanned removals consisted of reproductive failure (RF) 7,786 (38.9%), health problems (HP) 2,629 (13.1%), locomotion problems (LP) 1,473 (7.4%) and conformation issues (CI) 1,350 (6.8%).‘Did not conceive’ and “No heat” were observed as the main contributing factors accounting for 37.6% and 32.9% respectively for gilts & sows removed by RF.13.5% of the gilts (Parity 0) were removed from the herds before attaining their first litter of which 64.1% of their removals was due to RF. Removal type consisted of slaughter (S) 85.0%, found dead on the farm (DoF) 10.8% and euthanized (E) 4.2%. The research findings depict an upward trend of sow RF removals in the US swine herds posing a serious concern for US swine producers. Characterization and quantification of sow removals gives a revelation on the deeper intrigues about the vulnerability of the various parity in respect to common causes of RF. This helps swine producers to decisively improve on gilt replacement selection, reproductive efficiency, health and nutrition management all aimed at increasing overall swine productivity and efficiency in management. Swine farmers in the US can now focus their efforts towards curbing unnecessary RF removal within parity specifics.
Optimal age of breeding gilts and its impact on lifetime performance
Authors: Joab Malanda , Balogh Péter , Novotni Dankó Gabriella
Published: December 2019

Age at first breeding and lifetime reproductive performance was analyzed on 17,558 F1 Landrace x Yorkshire gilts from 9 piglet producing herds of Midwest, United States entered in herds between 1st Jan 2014 and 31st July 2016. At the time of data collection Dec 2018, 15% of the sows were still active in the herds hence excluded from the analysis. Individual gilt data included date of birth, age in days at first mating, piglet total born by parity, lifetime piglet total born and reason for culling. Quality data checks were done before analysis to eliminate all outlier values together with sows that had no entry information for any listed category. The total database of the sows was classified into 6 classes according to age at the first mating in days 170-190(n=754), 191-211(n=4683), 212-232(n=7123), 233-253(n=3385), 254-274(n=1002) and 275-369 (n=611). Piglet total born obtained from each sow during the lifetime production was significantly (P < 0.05) greater for gilts bred between 233-253 days of age at first mating. Gilts that were bred at <233 days appeared to have a higher risk of removal by farrowing productivity as compared to the other groups. However, the results show that the risk of being culled due to health problems and conformation issues increases as the age at first mating is delayed. Overall reproductive failure appears to be the most economical culling reason across all age groups. There is a need to evaluate the best management decisions for gilt initiation in a herd to maximize her lifetime performance. The results indicate that gilts mated for the first time at the right age, 233–253 days, are more productive, both in lifetime total born and have a minimal risk of culling due to farrowing productivity.
Evaluating of soil sulphur forms changes in long-term field experiments of Látókép
Authors: Juhász Evelin Kármen , Balláné Kovács Andrea
Published: December 2019

The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes of different sulphur forms (soluble, adsorbed) in chernozem soil in a long-term field experiment supplied with increasing doses of NPK fertilizers for a long time. In addition, other objective of this study included the examination of the applicability of recommended extractants of the different sulphate fraction in Hungarian soils. A long-term field experiment was established at the Research Station of Látókép of the University of Debrecen in 1984. In addition to control, two levels of NPK fertilizer doses have been used with irrigated and non-irrigated variants. Winter wheat and corn were cropped in a crop rotation on plots. Soil samples were collected in three different development stages of winter wheat, at the stage of stem elongation (April), flowering (May) and ripening (June of 2018) from the topsoil (0–20 cm) of experiment plots. Water-soluble inorganic sulphate was extracted with 0.01M CaCl2 solutions. The soluble plus adsorbed sulphate was extracted with 0.016M KH2PO4 solution. Sulphate was measured by turbidimetric method. 0.01M CaCl2-SO42— ranged between 0.293–1.896 mg kg-1 and the 0.016 M KH2PO4-SO42- varied between 5.087–10.261 mg kg-1. The values of KH2PO4 SO42- was higher than that of CaCl2-SO42-, because KH2PO4 extracted the adsorbed and soluble fractions of sulphate, while CaCl2 extracted the soluble sulphate fraction. The amount of absorbed sulphate was calculated by the differences of KH2PO4- SO4 and CaCl2-SO4. The KH2PO4 characterizes mainly the adsorbed sulphate fraction much more than the water-soluble fraction. KCl is the most widely used extractant for the determination of plant available sulphate content of soil in Hungary; therefore, KCl-SO42- fraction also was determined. The KCl-SO42- ranged between 0.328–2.152 mg kg-1. The CaCl2-SO42- and KCl-SO42- fractions were compared and based on Pearson's linear correlation, moderate correlation was established (r=0.511) between them. In all three extractant (0.01M CaCl2, 1M KCl, 0.016 M KH2PO4) higher sulphate fractions were measured in the fertilized plots where superphosphate had been supplied for ages until 2010. The arylsulphatase activity of soil also was determined and ranged between 9.284 and 26.860 µg p-nitrophenol g-1 h-1. The lowest value was observed in the treatment with highest NPK2 dose, both in irrigated and non-irrigated areas.
Distribution of the American grapevine leafhopper (Scaphoideus titanus ball 1932) in west Romania
Authors: Szalárdi Tímea , Nagy Károly , Nagy Antal
Published: December 2019

The vector of Grapevine Flavescens Dorée phytoplasma, the American grapevine leafhopper (Scaphoideus titanus) has been in Europe since 1924. In Romania, the first populations were detected in 2009 in the central, eastern and southern part of the country. Later, the leafhopper was found also in West Romania in 2014. In 2015 and 2017, altogether, 14 sampling sites were studied in two vine regions of this area. The Scaphoideus titanus could be detected in 10 of them with relatively small abundances. During the studies, the yellow sticky traps proved more effective methods than sweep netting. To prevent vineyards from disease, we should do everything against the vector from prevention to chemical protection.
Strategi dan Dampak Kenaikan Harga Kedelai Terhadap Laba Usaha Produsen Tempe di Desa Panggung
Authors: Machfiroh Ines Saraswati
Published: December 2019

Harga kedelai di Indonesia beberapa kali telah melambung pada harga yang tak terkendali. Pengusaha (khususnya usaha mikro) dari tempe tidak bertahan lama dengan kondisi seperti itu. Akibatnya jumlah tempe di pasar berkurang, sementara tempe merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting masyarakat Indonesia. Bahkan, pemerintah mengambil kebijakan instan seperti menghapus bea masuk kedelai impor. Kebijakan itu tidak strategis dan bisa berakibat fatal, karena negara akan dibanjiri oleh kedelai impor, yang mengakibatkan petani kedelai bersiap-siap berhenti dari pertanian kedelai. Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis mengenai: (1) dampak kenaikan harga kedelai terhadap laba usaha  produsen tempe dengan analisis laba usaha (2) strategi penyesuaian yang dibuat oleh produsen tempe untuk menjaga bisnis mereka. Analisis dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa laba  usaha menurun lebih dari biasanya sebelum harga kedelai meningkat. Kondisi tersebut  mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam melanjutkan bisnis mereka. Jika modal produsen tempe tidak cukup kuat, mereka akan berhenti dari bisnis mereka. Dalam kondisi sulit seperti itu, mereka melakukan strategi inovasi dengan mengurangi tenaga kerja dan mengurangi ukuran tempe namun  pada harga yang sama.

Kata kunci: Harga, Kedelai, Laba Usah, Strategi yang dilakukan
Analysis of the world scientific production on public’s opinion on environmental issues
Authors: Drimili Efi , Gareiou Zoe , Zervas Efthimios
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to
investigate the scientific production related to public attitude, behavior and
acceptance of environmental issues through a bibliometric analysis. The
databases Scopus was used to analyze the papers published in the subject area
of environmental science. Bibliometric analysis was performed for authors,
institutions, source type, document type, number of citations and countries in
relation to publication year. An analysis of keywords of publications was also
performed. The number of publications shows an overall exponential trend after
1965 until 2017. The most productive institution is the Wageningen University
and Research Centre, followed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Normal
University. The keywords of the categories associated with "Ecology",
"Sustainability,” and "Environmental Policy-Management" are the
most commonly used in most studies. It seems that there is room for more
intensive research on fields related to public's opinion on specific
environmental issues. The findings of the research will contribute to a better
understanding of the current state of the art, identifying key research areas
in the field of public opinion on environmental issues and identifying future
research trends and direction﻿s.
Solid waste management in non-State armed group-controlled areas of Syria case study - Jisr-Ash-Shugur-district
Authors: Saghir Abdullah
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study
(technical assessment) is to understand the effect of the Syrian crisis on the
solid waste management (SWM) sector in Non-State Armed Group (NSAG) controlled
areas and define the worst communities located in Jisr-Ash-Shugur-district
(JASD)/Idleb governorate of Syria. The assessment showed that: SWM sector, in
general, is not supported by Non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The number
of communities of JASD is ninety-nine about 262,246 persons (113,382 Internally
Displaced Persons (IDPs),147,449 resident population, 1,415 returnees, and
population) live in it, all these local councils are not received or supported
by SW equipment, tools, and machines, About seventy communities out of
ninety-nine communities (92195 persons of 262,246 persons) of JASD does not
have dedicated works for solid waste collection , and  Eighty 80 communities (120,237 persons of
262,246 persons) do not have SW containers, and 67 communities (77,195 persons
of 262,246 do not have solid waste tractors with a trails are necessary for
SWM. the average, maximum and minimum of SW production per capita at JASD
communities (0.21; 0.79; 0.02) kg day-1. All the landfills of JASD are
not sanitary and could be considered a randomly dumps.
Carta-Homenagem ao Eliseu Savério Sposito
Authors: Garcia Sobreira Antonio Elísio
Published: December 2019

Homenagem
Na poética há a liberdade
Authors: Bernardes Antonio Henrique
Published: December 2019

Homenagem
Carta-homenagem ao Professor Eliseu Savério Sposito
Authors: Camacho Adilson Rodrigues
Published: December 2019

Homenagem a Eliseu Savério Sposito
Interdisciplinaridade e ensino de Geografia:desafios e possibilidades / Interdisciplinarity in the teaching of geography: challenges and possibilities
Authors: Santos Flaviane Ramos dos
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a proposta da disciplina de Projeto de Integração Disciplinar I e como se deu o processo de construção dos projetos dos alunos. Ministrada no primeiro semestre de 2019, para os alunos do terceiro ano do curso de graduação em Geografia na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual Paulista – campus Presidente Prudente (SP), propusemos a elaboração de um projeto interdisciplinar sobre algum tema relacionado a problemas ambientais urbanos, passível de ser aplicado em escolas de ensino fundamental e médio da rede estadual através de alguns recursos didáticos. A novidade e o diferencial do que foi realizado em 2019 em relação aos anos anteriores foi resultado da boa articulação com outras disciplinas, notadamente, Geomorfologia, Geografia Urbana, Estágio Supervisionado I e Didática, além, é claro, da dinâmica de acompanhamento por etapas e construção coletiva dos projetos que contribuiu para a qualidade deles.
Erosão urbana e educação ambiental: estudo de caso no Jardim Sabará em Presidente Prudente (SP) / Urban erosion and environmental education: case study in the Jardim Sabará in Presidente Prudente (SP)
Authors: Lopes Gustavo Fávaro , Silva Leonardo Cruz Mendes da , Lucas Yuri De Lira
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as dinâmicas e fatores que levam ao desenvolvimento de processos erosivos no ambiente urbano, utilizando como exemplo um estudo caso no bairro Jardim Sabará em Presidente Prudente. Neste local, a construção da Avenida Elson Neris da Silva, em 2018, para ligar as Avenidas Ana Jacinta e Manoel Goulart, teve como consequências ambientais a degradação da área de encosta, pela supressão da cobertura vegetal, e o manejo inadequado do solo, além do desmatamento promovido pelo proprietário do terreno no entorno da área em estudo. Como parte da proposta da disciplina de Projeto de Integração Disciplinar 1, os resultados deste trabalho foram apresentados para os alunos do 7° ano da Escola Estadual Mirella Pesde Desidere em Presidente Prudente, cuja proximidade com o local em estudo foi determinante. Com isso, através da exposição de uma aula dialógica e realização de experimento didático, foi possível demonstrar a relação entre o homem e a natureza através da alteração das dinâmicas naturais, com especial destaque para os processos erosivos, ressaltando, deste modo, a importância da educação ambiental e preservação do meio ambiente.
Os desafios da destinação do lixo na cidade de Presidente Prudente (SP) / The garbage destination challenges in the city of Presidente Prudente (SP)
Authors: Madureira Kaio Henrique Lopes , Guimarães Gabriele Carvalho , Dias Mateus Henrique Da Silva , Cruz Maria Aparecida Dos Santos
Published: December 2019

A destinação incorreta dos resíduos sólidos nas cidades brasileiras é um dos principais problemas ambientais urbanos, afetando a população e o meio ambiente de diversas formas, tais como propagação de doenças, contaminação do solo e da água. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir essa problemática e entender como a questão do lixo se relaciona com as dinâmicas da cidade e de seus habitantes na preservação social, urbana e ambiental. Feito a revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, além de visitas a Cooperativa de Trabalhadores de Produtos Recicláveis (COOPERLIX) na cidade de Presidente Prudente para entender como que se dá o seu funcionamento. levamos para os alunos do ensino fundamental da Escola Estadual Arlindo Fantini essa problemática e fizemos uma oficina de instrumentos musicais com materiais recicláveis, visando a articulação político pedagógica em função da educação ambiental.
PENINGKATAN AKSES REMAJA PADA LAYANAN PROGRAM KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DENGAN PENERAPAN APLIKASI LAYANAN KEPERAWATAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA (LAWAN ROMA) DI SMP N 2 BAWEN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Indriyani Dian , Apriyatmoko Raharjo , Mawardika Tina
Published: December 2019

Akses remaja pada layanan kesehatan reproduksi belum optimal. Salah satu inovasi untuk meningkatkan akses remaja pada layanan kesehatan reproduksi adalah dengan penerapan aplikasi Lawan Roma. aplikasi ini berbasis Android/ IOS yang digunakan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi remaja berupa e-conseling, pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi, dan media pemberi informasi dari pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi dengan konsep KIE (Komunikasi, Informasi, dan Edukasi). Untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan akses remaja pada layanan program kesehatan reproduksi dengan penerapan aplikasi Lawan Roma. Jenis desain dalam penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimen dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest without control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi SMP N 2 Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 19 responden. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan yaitu lembar self report dan database di aplikasi Lawan Roma. Analisa data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum penerapan aplikasi Lawan Roma nilai median 0, standar deviasi 0,375, dan nilai max sebesar 1, sedangkan setelah penerapan aplikasi Lawan Roma nilai median 7, standar deviasi 2,65, dan nilai max 14. Sehingga adanya peningkatan akses remaja pada layanan program kesehatan reproduksi dengan penerapan aplikasi Lawan Roma. Hendaknya remaja dapat memanfaatkan aplikasi Lawan Roma untuk mengakses informasi dan layanan program kesehatan reproduksi.
ESTONIAN ITEMS IN THE INTERNET DISCOURSE OF THE RUSSIAN SPEAKING POPULATION OF ESTONIA
Authors: Dezi Alessandra
Published: December 2019

The Estonian influence on the discourse of the Russian speaking population of Estonia has drawn the attention of many researchers. The insertion of elements of Estonian in the discourse of Russian speakers is analysed and systematised from different points of view. Research has been conducted on formal aspects of code switching and on more pragmatic language aspects on the basics of different material (e.g. spoken language, jargons and dialects, advertisements, journalistic texts). However, the influence of the Estonian language in the discourse of Russian speaking groups of Estonia has not been fully studied, especially with internet sources, which can give an idea of the currently relevant processes of spoken language. This paper is part of a larger research project in which we plan to compare the functions of foreign language items in the internet discourse of the Russian speaking population of Italy and Estonia. In this paper, however, the main focus is on the lexical content of Estonian insertions in the internet discourse of the Russian speaking population of Estonia and on two of its main functions. Namely, the identifying reference function and the figurative speech function. Data was collected from different forums and Facebook groups. The analysis of the collected material shows that the insertion of Estonian items occurs very frequently when the communicants discuss bureaucratic-administrative spheres, space, and time. Those Estonian insertions are very often used in order to clearly identify the object of their conversation. Longer insertions are often used within the figurative speech function, which conveys the characteristics of the speech, of the speaker and the evaluative characteristics. The study of the influence of the Estonian language on the internet discourse of the Russian speaking population of Estonia in the future will allow a deeper understanding of formal and functional aspects of the Estonian language, such as the morphological and syntactic features of the language and the semantic and pragmatic meaning of certain Estonian words and particles. Furthermore, this research will contribute to the study of the problems connected with language contacts.
FINNO-UGRIC CONTEXTS OF THE RUSSIAN BYLINA
Authors: Sharonov Alexander Markovich , Sharonova Elena Alexandrovna
Published: December 2019

The relevance of the article is due to the ongoing discussion about the ethnic status of the Russian people and its state, which is expressed, in part, in the existence of two main concepts in Russian historiography - the Norman and anti-Norman ones. The epic, which reproduces the ethnic, historical and state views of an ethnos at the stage of its emergence and formation, was not sufficiently involved in addressing this issue or was considered unilaterally and with a Slavophil or Normanist bias. The article attempts to analyze epic plots, characters and ideas with the involvement of the Finno-Balt and Ugric contexts, for the Finns and the Balts, as evidenced by The Tale of Bygone Years, took part in the vocation for the reign of Rurik, Sineus and Truvor, with which it is customary to designate the beginning of Russian statehood. The geography of epic plots and characters points to the Novgorod principality, the lands of Chudi, Korela, Vesi, Mary, Sloven, Krivichi, - to the Russian North as the place of addition of heroic epic poetry. Heroic poetry is formed in the ethnogenetic core of the nationality, where there are ideological and social processes associated with the formation of its statehood. Consciousness of the Russian person is still looking for an answer to questions about who he is? From where? What is its purpose? Who are his ancestors? It is noteworthy that the relevance of these issues compared with the XII century, the time of creation of the “Tale of Bygone Years”, did not decrease, but increased. Hence the constant presence in the Russian literature of the historical genre, also trying to answer the indicated questions. In this study, the problem “...where did the Russian Land come from and is...” is examined with the help of epics, which have their own concept of the history of Russia.
BELT DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION IN THE BASIN OF THE AT-BASHI RIVER OF THE INNER TIEN-SHAN OF KYRGYZSTAN
Authors: Imanberdieva N.A.
Published: December 2019

Geobotanical characteristics of the main types, subtypes, formations and groups of vegetation associations in the section of the altitude profile are given. Kyrgyzstan is a high-mountainous country of Central Asia, which is located in the center of the mountain systems of Tien-Shan and Pamir-Alay. Up to 90% of its territory is raised to absolute heights of more than 1500 m. Vegetation cover of Kyrgyzstan is located in a system of vertical belts. Steppes and meadow-steppes are the most widespread in the At-Bashi river basin. Among them there are bunchgrass steppes and meadow-steppes, dry steppes and meadow-steppes with a significant share of wormwood and drought-resistant motley grasses, as well as mountain meadows. Among mountain meadows there are tall, medium and low grass meadows. High grass meadows, developed in low mountains and middle mountains, in the north and south differ in the species composition of plants. In the northern regions, the following species are of major importance: Dactylis glomerata, Bromus inermis, Elytrigia repens, Brachypodium pinnatum ; representatives of the genera: Poa, Vicia, Thalictrum . The largest share of the steppe vegetation is occupied by plants, which according to the requirements to heat and moisture occupy an intermediate position between desert plants and meadows. The basis of vegetation of steppes is formed by species of genera of turf cereals: Stipa, Festuca , Ptilagrostis with very characteristic hairy and blue-gray leaves. Steppes, unlike deserts and semi-deserts, are characterized by a greater richness of plant species and density of vegetation. Steppes serve as good pastures.
PECULIARITIES AND METHODS OF SEED PROPAGATION OF DWARF SIBERIAN PINE (PINUS PUMILA(PALL.) REGEL, PINACEAE) AT SAINT-PETERSBURG
Authors: Karamysheva A.V. , Firsov G.A. , Trofimuk L.P. , Orlova L.V.
Published: December 2019

The Dwarf Siberian Pine ( Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel) is being grown at Peter the Great Botanic Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS at Saint-Petersburg (Russia) since the beginning of the XIX century, and it is here it was firstly introduced into general cultivation. This is highly decorative evergreen conifer, suitable both for singular and group planting and promising for alpine gardens. It is winter hardy and stands the climate of North-West Russia well. As a result of experiments of seed propagation the new method of growing this species from seeds has been elaborated with usage of the seed germination regulators without long stratification. The use of new regulators of seed germination allows to simplify the well-known methods of growing the Dwarf Siberian Pine from seeds and to enlarge the ratio and the quality of the plants grown.