bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monocyte Activating Factor Originally Found in Sarcoidosis Sera
Authors: Baba Toru , Matsushima Yuji , Baba Akiko , Hanada Takashi , Uyeno Kenichi
Published: April 2015

The culture medium of a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP‐1) was able to induce normal human monocytes to spread. No such ability was found either in the culture medium of a promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL‐60) nor in that of a diploid human fibroblast cell line (Flow 7000). Gel filtration of the culture medium of THP‐1 cells on a size exclusion column (TSKgel G3000SW) revealed that the most obvious monocyte spreading activity was found in the fraction eluted at the position with a molecular weight of about 70,000. This fraction was also able to increase production of angiotensin converting enzyme and Fc receptor sites for IgG on normal human monocytes.
Phrynoderma: A Review of 105 Cases
Authors: Nakjang Yaovares , Yuttanavivat Tipaporn
Published: April 2015

A study of 105 patients with phrynoderma revealed the usual clinical feature—follicular keratotic papules at the elbows and knees. In severe cases, the papules might extend to the forearm, thigh, chest, back and abdomen; the face, hands, feet, and genito‐anal area were not involved. Only 3% of cases had serum vitamin A levels lower than normal. The most common histologic findings are normo‐ or hypergranulosis and retained parakerotic cells within the follicular plug. These histologic features differentiate phrynoderma from keratosis pilaris.
Reiters' Disease: A Radiological Assessment of Joints
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Jain Manoj K. , Srivastava Govind , Saha Madan M.
Published: April 2015

One married and one unmarried man with Reiters' disease are reported. The disease is characterized by well‐recognized cutaneous lesions and conjunctivitis. However, affliction of the joints of the lower and upper extremities was striking. The conspicuous Roentgenographic features included extensive juxta‐articular rarefaction, moderate to severe narrowing of joint spaces, subluxation/dislocation of small joints of the hands and feet, and fixed flexion deformity with ankylosis of the knees. Mutilating arthritis (Launois's deformity) of the feet was also contributory.
Spontaneous Photo‐onycholysis
Authors: Horio Takeshi
Published: April 2015

A 48‐year‐old house wife developed photo‐onycholysis in all her fingernails. It was not associated with any cutaneous eruption or photosensitivity on other parts of the skin. The patient was not taking any drugs. She has been followed up by the present author for the last 10 years. Every year, onycholysis has begun in May, worsened in July and August, and resolved spontaneously by the beginning of November. These observations strongly suggest the role of sunlight and exclude involvement of any photosensitizing drug in this disorder.
The Distribution of 2,4‐Dinitrophenyl Groups on Thy‐1 Positive Cells in the Epidermis of Mouse Following Skin Painting with 2,4‐Dinitrochlorobenzene
Authors: Bang Dongsik , Nakagawa Shojiro , Oka Daisuke , Takei Yoji , Jinno Yoko , Ueki Hiroaki
Published: April 2015

The distribution of 2,4‐dinitrophenyl (DNP) groups on Thy‐1 positive epidermal cells in vivo after 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was painted on the skin surface of C3H/He mice was examined. Epidermal cell suspensions (EC) derived from trypsin‐separated mouse ear skin painted with DNCB were double‐stained for DNP groups and Thy‐1 protein using FITC‐anti‐DNP antibody, biotinylated anti‐mouse Thy‐1,2 monoclonal antibody, and phyco‐erythrin conjugated avidin. There were on the average 1.7% Thy‐1+ ECs; DNP groups were detectable on 77.8% of them when the specimen was treated with anti‐DNP followed by anti‐Thy‐1,2 incubation. The incidence of Thy‐1,2+ EC with DNP groups decreased when cells were treated with these antibodies in the reverse order. The significance of these findings is discussed in relationship to the mode of DNCB Thy‐1+ EC binding.
Immunochemical Analyses of Prolidase Deficiency Sera
Authors: Yonemasu Kunio , Lapière Charles M. , Sasaki Takako , Nusgens Betty , Endo Fumio , Matsuda Ichiro , Ogata Akinori , Nagaki Kazuyoshi
Published: April 2015

Sera of a 30‐year‐old Italian female and a 32‐year‐old Japanese female with prolidase deficiency were analysed by two‐dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, rocket immunoelectrophoresis, and single radial immunodiffusion (SRID). In both patients, amounts of transferrin, albumin and IgM were significantly low, while concentrations of α1‐acid glycoprotein, α1‐antitrypsin, α1‐antichymotrypsin, ceruloplasmin, IgA and Clq were elevated in comparison with levels of these proteins in sera of healthy Italian and Japanese female adults (as normal controls). The amount of haptoglobin was conspicuously high in the Italian patient but remarkably low in the Japanese patient.
Diacylglycerol Mimics Phorbol Ester Induction of Morphological Changes in Low Ca2+ Regulated Epidermal Cells
Authors: Inohara Shinichi , Tateishi Haruyo , Sagami Seichiro
Published: April 2015

It is known that tumor‐promoting phorbol ester, 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate, induces morphological changes in mouse epidermal cells cultured in low Ca2+ medium. In the present study, we found on phase‐contrast microscopic examination that synthetic diacylglycerol, l‐oleoyl‐2‐acetylglycerol, induced similar morphological features. Ultrastructural examination revealed that both materials used for treatment induced morphological changes, such as cell‐to‐cell contact. These two materials are known to directly activate protein kinase C in intact cells. On the other hand, cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinase activating agents induced no morphological changes in the same culture system. Data obtained in this experiment suggest that the morphological changes brought about by 1‐oleoyl‐2‐acetylglycerol in this report may occur via the action of diacylglycerol on the protein kinase C system.
Lympho‐epidermal Interactions in Patients Receiving Human Langerhans cell Free Cultured Epidermal Allografts as a Skin Substitute
Authors: Demidem Aicha , Faure Michel , Mauduit Gilles , Rimokh Ruth , Thivolet Jean
Published: April 2015

Human Langerhans cell free epithelia can be cultured in vitro, and then can be used as epidermal allografts (EAG) without evidence of rejection. We studied the cellular basis of this phenomenon with mixed epidermal cell lymphocyte reactions (MELR). The capacity of donor‐derived epidermal cells to stimulate allogeneic control or recipient cells was abolished when stimulatory cells were Langerhans cell‐free cultured keratinocytes and respondors were obtained prior to grafting. Donor‐type cultured keratinocytes were able to induce a low response by host‐derived cells in assays conducted 2, 4 and 6 weeks after grafting, but not thereafter. They were unable to stimulate allogeneic cells unrelated to the recipient. The ability of crude epidermal suspensions with 2–4% Langerhans cells to stimulate host‐derived cells did not increase with time after grafting. No secondary type MELR could be evidenced, suggesting that grafting of EAG did not induce an in vivo immunization to class I antigens expressed by cultured epidermal cells. Lastly, host‐derived Langerhans cells were not able to restore the allostimulatory ability of Langerhans cell free epidermal cells from EAG donors when tested against host‐derived cells. This suggests that host‐derived Langerhans cells which colonize the grafts during the first few weeks following grafting cannot act in the presentation of foreign keratinocyte‐bound antigens, which may account for the absence of rejection noted.
The Mechanism of the Inhibitory Effects of Antimalarials on UV‐induced Skin Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Yoshioka Akira , Miyachi Yoshiki , Imamura Sadao
Published: April 2015

In order to elucidate the mechanism of UV‐induced skin inflammation, the effects of antimalarials, inhibitors of phospholipase A2 and membrane phospholipid methylation, on UV‐induced ear swelling response (ESR) was examined. Antimalarials inhibited ESR induced by 8‐methoxypsoralen (0.5%) plus UVA irradiation (PUVA treatment) or UVB irradiation. However, they did not inhibit ESR induced by the application of arachidonic acid (AA). Although it has been reported that PUVA treatment and UVB irradiation may work through different AA pathways, it seems likely that both PUVA and UVB may affect the initial cellular metabolism of the inflammatory process.
The BamHI Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Detected in the c‐Ha‐ras Locus of Human Skin Tumors
Authors: Murayama Minoru , Mita Takashi , Suenaga Yoshinori , Nishio Kazukata
Published: April 2015

By means of Southern blot hybridization, 13 human primary skin tumor tissues were analyzed for activated forms of three cellular oncogenes, c‐Ha‐ras, c‐myc, and c‐erbB. In the c‐Ha‐ras oncogene, a BamHI restriction fragment length polymorphism was found among human skin tumors, but it is not clear whether it is related to the malignancy of tumors selected for this study. We were not able to detect the activated forms of the three oncogenes used in this study.
The Antibiotic Susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes: A 15‐year Bacteriological Study and Retrospective Evaluation
Authors: Kurokawa Ichiro , Nishijima Setsuko , Asada Yasuo
Published: April 2015

Propionibacterium acnes strains were isolated from the comedones of 46 acne patients, and their susceptibilities to penicillin G, ampicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, cephalexin and gentamycin were studied by examining their minimum inhibitory concentrations. Two additional standard strains were included in the study. In the results, differing antibiotic susceptibilities were found, and P. acnes strains were the most sensitive to erythromycin and clindamycin, followed by ampicillin and minocycline. The highest levels of resistance were observed against clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline. Non‐resistant strains were detected only against minocycline. A comparison of these results with others obtained by similar studies in our department during the last 15 years showed a progressive tendency toward antibiotic resistance for Propionibacterium acnes, probably related to the systemic administration of antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections other than acne.
Desmoplastic Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Nakagawa Hidemi , Lee Ai Young , Kikuchi Kanako , Kurose Nobuyuki , Kawashima Makoto , Nogita Toshitatsu , Ishibashi Yasumasa
Published: April 2015

A 86‐year‐old Japanese woman presented with an amelanotic tumor that had arisen on an antecedent pigmented lesion (acral lentiginous melanoma) on the lateral side of her right foot. The bulk of the tumor was composed of atypical spidle cells in a fibrous or myxoid matrix, pathognomonic of desmoplastic malignant melanoma. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were positive for S‐100 protein and neuron specific enolase. Ultrastructurally, the majority of spindle cells showed Schwannian features and contained no melanosomes. Occasional atypical cells, however, contained ellipsoidal organelles with subtle cross internal striations but did not show Schwannian features. Our findings lend further support to the hypothesis that the desmoplasia in desmoplastic malignant melanoma is the result of acquired fibrogenetic capacities of dedifferentiated melanoma cells.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developing in Thermal Keratosis
Authors: Yamaji Kazuhiko , Haniuda Kumiko , Shindo Yasuko , Saida Toshiaki
Published: April 2015

Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), both of them developed from thermal keratosis arising in areas of erythema ab igne (EAI) are reported. The lesions were located on the legs of two elderly Japanese women who had histories of chronic exposure to heat from a “kotatsu”, a type of leg‐warmer widely used in Japan. In one case, metastasis to regional lymph nodes occurred. It is emphasized that keratotic lesions arising in an area of EAI should be excised or biopsied because of the possibility of metastasizing SCC developing from them.
Comparison of the Relative Therapeutic Efficacy of 7‐Methyl Pyridopsoralen and 8‐Methoxypsoralen in Photochemotherapy in Psoriasis Treatment
Authors: Takashima Akira , Sunohara Akiyo , Mizuno Nobuyuki
Published: April 2015

A newly‐synthesized, monofunctional psoralen derivative, 7‐methyl pyrido (3,4‐C) psoralen (MPP) was compared with 8‐methoxypsoralen (8MOP) with respect to their therapeutic efficacy in photochemotherapy of psoriasis. Psoriatic lesions of six patients were treated with topical application of MPP plus UVA (MPP PUVA) or with 8MOP plus UVA (8MOP PUVA). The UVA doses used in each treatment were 7.5 or 10 J/cm2 with MPP and from 1.2 to 3.6 J/cm2 with 8MOP. In every patient, marked improvement was observed after 2 to 6 treatments with MPP PUVA or 8MOP PUVA. Three patients showed clearance of each psoriatic lesion treated 9 to 17 times with MPP or 8MOP PUVA. Althought MPP required much higher UVA doses than 8MOP, MPP PUVA was as effective as 8MOP PUVA in treating psoriasis. When irradiating with identical doses of UVA, MPP PUVA appeared to be less active than 8MOP PUVA. None of the patients developed any severe dermatitis reactions during 20 exposures to MPP PUVA, indicating that the probability of inducing allergic contact and photocontact dermatitis may be extremely low. Erythemogenic and pigmentogenic activities of MPP and 8MOP were also compared. The data demonstrated that 8MOP is more than 8 times as effective as MPP for both activities. With the UV doses used in this study, however, every patient produced marked pigmentation after MPP PUVA therapy. Finally, the UVA dose‐dependency of MPP PUVA was studied with an additional patient. Both therapeutic and pigmentogenic effects increased as a function of the UVA dose; it appeared impossible to clear psoriasis without producing pigmentation.
Characteristics of Prolidase and Prolinase in Prolidase‐deficient Patients with Some Preliminary Studies of Their Role in Skin
Authors: Oono Takashi , Arata Jirô
Published: April 2015

The prolidase (Pd) and prolinase (Pn) activities of cultured skin fibroblasts derived from two prolidase‐deficient sisters, the elder with typical clinical manifestations [symptom (+)] and the younger with only slight clinical manifestations [symptom (–)] were examined biochemically. Pd activity against several substrates other than Gly‐Pro were present to some degree in both sisters. There were no detectable differences in Pd activity between the symptom (+) patient and the symptom (–) sister. Pn activity seemed to be increased in both. The lower Pn activity found against Pro‐Gly as compared with those against other substrates indicates that Pro‐Gly, which has been used for Pn assays in most previous reports, may not be the best substrate for this test. Pd derived from control fibroblasts was activated by Mn2+ against all substrates tested in this experiment. Cu2+, Hg2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ remarkably inhibited enzyme activity, Co2+ slightly inhibited it, and neither Mg2+ nor Fe2+ had any remarkable effect. The Pd derived from the prolidase‐deficient patients was also activated by Mn2+. This Pd seemed to be more inhibited by Co2+ than was the control. However, we found no remarkable differences between the two patients.

We also studied Pd and Pn activities in rat skin and blood during wound healing. Pd and Pn activities adjacent to the wound increased in parallel with fibroblast proliferation. Pd activity was also detected in an extract of newborn mouse epidermis.
Tissue Culture Study of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Authors: Shindo Yasuko , Akiyama Junichi , Takase Yoshio
Published: April 2015

We cultured non‐epithelial cells derived from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). The cells proliferated well, to the same degree as fibroblasts. DFSP cells, however, differed from fibroblasts in several aspects: 1) DFSP cells were bigger than fibroblasts, and grew in various directions, 2) acid phosphatase, and non‐specific esterase stained abundantly demonstrated in DFSP cells, 3) DFSP cells showed immunophagocytosis of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, and 4) DFSP cells had Fc and C3 receptors. DFSP cells are, therefore, considered to originate from histiocytes.
Natural Killer (NK) Cell Activity and NK‐related Cell Surface Markers in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Nomiyama Kazuhiko , Yamashita Uki , Nakamura Hiroshi , Suenaga Yoshinori , Nishio Kazukata
Published: April 2015

Natural killer (NK) cell activity and NK‐related surface markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in thirty‐three patients with adult type atopic dermatitis (AD) were investigated. NK cell activity, detectable by cytolysis of erythroleukemic cell line K562 cells, was reduced in patient PBMC as compared with healthy controls. Imbalances in the lymphocyte populations reactable with the monoclonal antibodies, anti‐HNK‐1, and anti‐CD16 were found in the patient PBMC. Some positive correlations between these cell populations and the NK cell activities were recognized. In most cases, high levels of serum IgE were inversely correlated with NK cell activity. Depletion of the macrophages from patient PBMC had no effect on NK cell activities. These activities were enhanced by culture with β‐interferon for 18 hours, as were the NK cell activities of healthy controls. These results suggest that reduced numbers or imbalances in the lymphocyte population with NK cell activity, are responsible for the pathogenesis and the prognosis of adult type atopic dermatitis.
Morphological Identification of Langerhans Cells in Mouse Epidermal Cell Suspension by Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Nakagawa Shojiro , Honma Takayoshi , Kumon Hiromi , Jinno Yoko , Bang Dongsik , Ueki Hiroaki , Ohmori Hiroyuki
Published: April 2015

The distribution of Iak antigens on suspended epidermal cells prepared from C3H/He mice by trypsinizing their ear skin was examined by the scanning immunoelectron microscopic method using antibody against the antigen and antibody bacteriophage T4 conjugates as a visual marker. Iak antigens were found to be distributed diffusely over a cell type with a relatively flat shape and a number of microvilli and ruffles. These cells are considered to be Langerhans cells. Significance of these findings is discussed.
Submammary Syringoma
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Jidoi Joji
Published: April 2015

A 27‐year‐old Japanese woman with syringoma on the anterior trunk was described. This patient's lesion was unusual for two reasons: unilateral occurrence on the left submammary region and formation of a lichenified plaque.
Synergistic Effects of Hyperthermia and Peplomycin against Human Malignant Melanoma Xenografts
Authors: Yamada Kiyoshi , Nakagawa Hidemi , Etoh Takafumi , Ishibashi Yasumasa
Published: April 2015

Two types of human malignant melanoma were treated either with peplomycin alone, hyperthermia alone, or a combination of peplomycin and hyperthermia. The antitumor effect of combination therapy was evaluated by tumor growth curves, maximal suppression rate, and histopathology. A marked antitumor effect of combination therapy with peplomycin (5 mg/kg) and hyperthermia (43°C, 30 min) was obtained for both types of melanoma. Histopathologic findings revealed advanced central necrosis and pyknotic nuclei in the tumor cells. Although peplomycin alone (20 mg/kg, 6 times) had no antitumor effect on C24 melanoma, the peplomycin (5 mg/kg, 6 times) + heat group showed complete inhibition of the tumor growth. These results suggest that hyperthermia enhances the antitumor effect of peplomycin even against peplomycin‐resistant tumor cells.
Malignant Histiocytosis
Authors: Chen Minghua , Takemiya Masataka , Miyauchi Shunji , Murakami Shinji , Miki Yoshiharu
Published: April 2015

Three patients with multiple skin nodules on the trunk and extremities showed hyperpyrexia, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, abnormal liver function, and terminal hemorrhagic diathesis. Histologically, the deep dermis and subcutaneous fat contained dense infiltrates of atypical erythropagocytic histiocytes and lymphoid cells. Autopsy also showed atypical histiocytes in the internal viscerae.
Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma with Langerhans Cells
Authors: Takemiya Masataka , Shiraishi Satoshi , Saeki Norimichi , Ohtsuka Hisashi , Miki Yoshiharu
Published: April 2015

A slowly growing, subcutaneous mass in the left eyebrow region of a 54‐year‐old Japanese woman showed numerous small epithelial cell nests surrounded by a dense desmoplastic stroma. The epithelial cell nests showed partially keratinizing cystic structures containing a small amount of glycogen. Immunoperoxidase staining for carcinoembryonic antigen was positive only in the lumina or on the ductal lining surface of tumor cells; staining for S‐100 protein was positive within almost all of the tumor nests. Birbeck granules indicating Langerhans cells were found within some of the cells.
Etretinate Treatment in Disseminated Porokeratosis
Authors: Danno Kiichiro , Yamamoto Masamitsu , Yokoo Tadashi , Ohta Miyuki , Ohno Sayoko
Published: April 2015

A 77‐year‐old man with disseminated superficial porokeratosis of Mibelli (PM) over the whole body surface for 60 years was treated with oral etretinate (1 mg/kg/day) for nine months after resection of two lesions of Bowen's disease. Clinically, hyperkeratotic plaques were flattened after three months of treatment. Histological changes included disappearance of parakeratosis and residual but less stacked cornoid lamella. Etretinate may be the first choice of treatment in widespread porokeratosis.
Effects of 1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the Transglutaminase Activity of Transformed Mouse Epidermal Cells in Culture
Authors: Lee Seung Churl , Ikai Kouichi , Ando Yoshihiro , Imamura Sadao
Published: April 2015

Induction of the transglutaminase activity of a transformed mouse epidermal cell line (PAM 212 cells) by 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25‐(OH)2‐D3), the active form of vitamin D3, was investigated. Addition of 1α,25‐(OH)2‐D3 to a culture medium stimulated twice the transglutaminase activity at a concentration of 10−7 M, but vitamin D3, prostaglandin E1, E2, and F2a failed to show this induction. Phorbol 12‐o‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) and ***dexamethasone also induced an increase in transglutaminase activity. Exposure to both 1α,25‐(OH)2‐D3 and retinoic acid caused remarkably synergistic effects on the induction of transglutaminase in the PAM 212 cells. In contrast, simultaneous addition of 1α,25‐(OH)2‐D3 and TPA was antagonistic and resulted in less than additive induction. Vitamin D3 also showed a similar but lesser effect. These results suggest that 1α,25‐(OH)2‐D3 induces the transglutaminase activity via mechanisms disparate from those of retinoic acid and modifies epidermal differentiation.
Glycosaminoglycan Content in the Media of Cultured Dermal Fibroblasts Derived from Burn Scar and Normal Skin
Authors: Nogami Reiko , Maekawa Yoshihiro , Kudo Shoichiro
Published: April 2015

The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the extracellular matrix of burn scar in humans has been reported to differ from that of normal skin (1, 2). In order to investigate whether the GAG content altered as a result of functional changes in fibroblasts, the GAG content was determined in culture media of fibroblasts derived from growing burn scar, mature scar, and normal skin tissue. No statistical differences were observed in the population doubling‐times of scar and normal skin. Mature scar showed significantly higher values for all the concentrations of uronic acid, hexosamine, and sulfate measured in the glycosaminoglycan, as compared with normal skin values, and the concentrations from growing scar were slightly higher than those for normal skin. The above results may suggest an increase in glycosaminoglycan sulfate synthesis following the hyperplasia of the matrix in burn scar tissue.
Coexistence of Papular Mucinosis and Systemic Amyloidosis Associated with λ‐type IgD Paraproteinemia
Authors: Ishibashi Akira , Nakabayashi Kimimasa , Kukita Atsushi
Published: April 2015

The patient is an obese, 55‐year‐old woman. She noticed purpura at several sites when she was 49 years old. She visited our clinic with a chief complaint of exertional dyspnea at 51 years of age. Physical examination revealed localized edema in the left chest wall and lower abdomen with translucent papules in the center. Macroglossia, hemorrhagic macules, loss of axillar and pubic hairs, and goose‐egg sized swellings of submaxillar lymph nodes were also found. Laboratory data were within the normal range except an increase of IgD and low ECG voltage. Bone‐marrow puncture revealed an increase (27%) of plasma cells with some atypicality. Serum immunoelectrophoresis clarified IgD λ‐type paraproteinemia and λ‐type Bence Jones proteinemia.

Histologically, edema with an increase in GAG was conspicuous in the circumscribed areas of the middle dermis. Amyloid deposition was clarified in the walls of arterioles in the deep dermis.
Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Penis
Authors: Nakamura Shin‐ichi , Nakayama Keiji , Nishihara Kiyoshi , Imai Toshiya , Kanamori Sachio
Published: April 2015

A 50‐year‐old man had a primary malignant melanoma of the penis associated with granuloma telangiectaticum in the pigmented lesion. The patient had an operation for phimosis at the age of 20 and after the operation, he noticed a pigmented lesion at the operation site.

We examined the literature and found 16 cases of primary malignant melanoma of the penis in Japan.
Pityriasis Lichenoides‐like Eruption Occurring during Therapy for Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Isoda Midori
Published: April 2015

A 61‐year‐old Japanese man with chronic myelogenous leukemia developed pityriasis lichenoides‐like eruptions during chemotherapy. Histopathological features were also consistent with the disease.

The eruption in this case may have been an allergic reaction arising in a depressed immunity induced by chemotherapy.
Seborrheic Keratosis with Focal Acantholysis
Authors: Maeda Manabu , Mori Shunji
Published: April 2015

A case of a 70‐year‐old man with several dome‐shaped tumors with acantholysis was reported. The histopathological findings of these black‐brownish colored tumors on the back were compatible with seborrheic keratosis, consisting of basaloid and squamoid cells.

Although three cases reported by Tagami et al. (1978) and Uchiyama et al. (1986) showed intraepidermal epithelioma‐like tumor nests in the acanthotic lesions, our case was thought to correspond to another variant of seborrheic keratosis with acantholysis.
Distribution of an Estrogen Receptor‐related Protein (P29) in Normal Skin and in Cultured Human Keratinocytes
Authors: Viac Jacqueline , Su Hong , Réano Alain , Kanitakis Jean , Chardonnet Yvette , Thivolet Jean
Published: April 2015

A monoclonal antibody, ERD5, which recognizes a 29Kd phosphoprotein associated with human estrogen receptor of myometrium was used to study the expression of this protein in normal skin and in cultured human keratinocytes. By indirect immunofluorescence, both in vivo and in vitro keratinocytes showed a variable cytoplasmic staining which increased with cell differentiation. SDS gel electrophoresis of soluble extracts of cultured keratinocytes and normal epidermis showed that P29 was a minor protein. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that ERD5 strongly reacted only with a 29Kd polypeptide band without any cross‐reactivity.

These data suggest that keratinocytes might be estrogen sensitive like other cells in which P29 has already been located. The exact role of this protein in the keratinocyte differentiation process and its relationship with estrogen receptors remain to be elucidated.
IL‐1 and PGE2 Productions by the Regional Lymph Node Cells from DNFB‐sensitized Mice
Authors: Natsuaki Masaru , Higasa Minoru , Sagami Seiichiro , Shinka Sohei
Published: April 2015

Interleukin 1 (IL‐1) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are mainly produced by macrophage/monocytes. In this experiment, we investigated the immunological role of macrophage/monocytes in the lymph nodes (LNs) by measuring IL‐1 and PGE2 productions of regional LN cells from dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)‐sensitized and ‐tolerant mice. LN cells from sensitized mice produced IL‐1 in remarkable amounts after in vitro antigen stimulation. On the other hand, the LN cells from tolerant mice failed to produce IL‐1 or PGE2. These data indicate that, by modifying cytokine production, macrophage/monocytes in the regional LNs play a key role in the pathomechanism of contact hypersensitivity.
Penis Tuberculid (Papulonecrotic Tuberculid of the Glans Penis): Treatment with a Combination of Rifampicin and an Extract from Tubercle Bacilli (T.B. Vaccine)
Authors: Nakamura Shin‐ichi , Aoki Masako , Nakayama Keiji , Kanamori Sachio , Onda Shutaro
Published: April 2015

A case of penis tuberculid (papulonecrotic tuberculid of the glans penis) and its treatment with combination of oral rifampicin (RFP) and injection of an extract from tubercle bacilli (T.B. vaccine) were reported. We also examined the literature and discovered 37 cases of this disease in Japan in the last 10 years (between 1978 and 1987).
Pemphigus Vegetans Presenting as Scrotal Tongue
Authors: Iwata Mitsuru , Watanabe Shin‐ichi , Tamaki Kunihiko
Published: April 2015

A case of scrotal tongue is described. Histological and immunofluorescent findings revealed that this case was pemphigus vegetans, which should therefore be added to the differential diagnosis of scrotal tongue.
Hematoxylin Stainable Epidermal Protein of the Newborn Rat
Authors: Takahashi Masae , Tezuka Tadashi
Published: April 2015

Based on the activity of transglutaminase, the change of antigenicity in situ of hematoxylin stainable protein (HSP) purified from 3‐day‐old rat epidermis and located on the cell membrane region of the stratum corneum was investigated by indirect immunofluorescent technique using a polyclonal antibody against hematoxylin stainable protein. Three different techniques were employed: (i) the skin section was incubated with a commercial guinea pig liver transglutaminase (GLT), (ii) the skin section was incubated with an epidermal extract of Tris‐HCl (EX), and (iii) the skin section was incubated with an epidermal extract of 1% Triton X‐100 (EXT). The sections incubated in Tris‐HCl or Triton X‐100 were used as controls. Each incubation was done both in the presence and absence of Ca2+ ions. After these incubations, an indirect immunofluorescent technique using a polyclonal antibody was performed. In the presence of Ca2+ ions, the specific fluorescence of the cell membrane region of the entire stratum corneum cells disappeared after the preincubation with GLT. That of the lower one third of the stratum corneum disappeared after the incubation with EXT. In contrast, in the absence of Ca2+ ions, no preincubation with GLT, EX, or EXT showed any disappearance of the fluorescence anywhere in the stratum corneum. There was also no disappearance of the fluorescence in the control sections. These findings suggest that the antigenicity of HSP in situ could be lost by the activity of transglutaminase.
Keratoma Hereditaria Mutilans (Vohwinkel's Disease) with Congenital Alopecia Universalis (Atrichia Congenita)
Authors: Bhatia Krishan Kumar , Chaudhary Satdev , Pahwa Ujjal Singh , Mehrotra Girish Chander
Published: April 2015

A family is described in which a boy and two girls had features of keratoma hereditaria mutilans (Vohwinkel's disease) and congenital absence of hair. None of them had any hair at birth or developed any subsequently. They had congenital, nonscarring alopecia universalis. The skin over the palms and soles showed progressive thickening, which led to mutilating deformities of the hands and fingers. Histopathological examination of the scalp skin revealed no changes in the epidermis or dermis with normal sebaceous glands and identificable hair structures; the skin on the palms showed a tremendously thickened horny layer. Both conditions remained unresponsive to various topical and systemic remedies used in the past. One of the girls had a meningocoele of the dorsolumbar region and died postoperatively. The simultaneous appearance of two rare hereditary diseases in siblings of one family is being reported for the first time.
Characteristics of Cytokeratins from Stratum Corneum of Palms
Authors: Shimoura Takako , Hozumi Yutaka , Aso Kazuo
Published: April 2015

We have examined cytokeratins from stratum corneum (s. corneum) of the palm and back of hands by biochemical techniques which characterize cytokeratin No. 9 (CK9).

By two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, cytokeratins from s. corneum of the palm (PSC) were resolved into three spots (designated as CK‐A, CK‐B and CK‐C by us), and cytokeratins from s. corneum of the back of hands (BSC) were resolved into two spots (CK‐A and CK‐C). The results of polypeptide mapping and the spot positions in two‐dimensional gels suggest that CK‐A, CK‐B and CK‐C are degraded products derived from CK1/2, CK9 and CK10/11 in living keratinocytes of epidermis, respectively. While the spots of CK‐A and CK‐B were prominent and the spot of CK‐C was very weak in PSC, the spots of CK‐A and CK‐C were prominent and the spot of CK‐B was not detected in BSC.

In filament reconstitution in vitro, cytokeratins from PSC formed intermediate‐sized filaments similar to those commonly observed using cytokeratins from whole epidermis. In contrast, cytokeratins from BSC formed only short filaments and small granules. In order to examine this difference in detail, polypeptides were eluted electrophoretically from gel slices containing spots. Addition of eluted CK‐B to cytokeratins from BSC promoted the formation of intermediate‐sized filaments similar to those from PSC. Furthermore, although the mixture of eluted CK‐A and CK‐C did not form intermediate‐sized filaments, the combination of CK‐A and CK‐B alone did form them.

These results show that, as the acidic partners to the basic CK‐A in filament reconstitution, CK‐B (CK9) are more efficient than CK‐C (CK10/11).
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Murine Splenic Cells after DNFB Painting on Langerhans Cell Deficient Skin
Authors: Morita Hideki , Kihara Takako , Kuramoto Masaru , Minami Shoichiro , Yu Masaki , Yamagata Masaharu , Sagami Seiichiro
Published: April 2015

One week after a single painting of 50 μ1 of 0.5% DNFB in acetone‐olive oil on the tail skin of C3H mice, the spleens were removed from the animals. A single cell suspension was prepared from the spleens, and flow cytometric analysis was performed for L3T4 and Lyt2 positive cells, as well as for the IJk expression of the Lyt2+ cells.

Results showed that the percentages and absolute numbers of Lyt2+ L3T4– cells, Lyt2– L3T4+ cells, Lyt2+ IJk+ cells, and Lyt2+ IJk– cells in the spleens of the DNFB‐treated mice were not significantly different from those in the non‐treated mice. However, in the treated mice, the IJk expression of Lyt2+ cells intensified. These results indicate that, following a single painting of DNFB onto Langerhans cell‐deficient skin, the numbers of Lyt2+ cells do not change significantly, but do change functionally.
A Case of Bullous Pemphigoid Induced by Tiobutarit (D‐penicillamine Analogue)
Authors: Yamaguchi Reiko , Oryu Fuyuki , Hidano Akira
Published: April 2015

A 61‐year‐old woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis developed bullous lesions on the trunk, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa during treatment with tiobutarit, a new antirheumatic drug analogus to D‐penicillamine. Histology showed a subepidermal blister, and circulating antibodies to the basement membrane zone were detected. The bullous lesions improved rapidly after discontinuation of tiobutarit. However, 3 years later, she was re‐exposed to tiobutarit and the bullous lesions recurred within a week. This is the first confirmed case of tiobutarit‐induced BP.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Protein Kinase C in Lymph Node Cells during the Induction Phase of Contact Hypersensitivity Reaction
Authors: Morita Hideki , Yamagata Masaharu , Inohara Shinichi , Sagami Seiichiro
Published: April 2015

On the fourth day after a single painting of 2,4,6‐trinitro‐chlorobenzene on the abdominal skin, inguinal lymph nodes were removed, and a single‐cell suspension was prepared. The cells were analyzed flow cytometrically, using monoclonal anti‐protein kinase C antibody. It was found that the number of lymph node cells in which protein kinase C was detected on the cell surface was significantly increased over that in non‐treated mice (p<0.01). On the basis of our results and discussions in the literature, it is thought that protein kinase C is related to the initiation of the contact hypersensitivity reaction.
Establishment of a Human Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans Cell Line: Cytological Characteristics
Authors: Shindo Yasuko , Akiyama Junichi , Yamaji Kazuhiko , Ishihara Yoko , Saida Toshiaki , Takase Yoshio
Published: April 2015

We established a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) cell line derived from a DFSP tumor from a 69‐year‐old female. The population doubling time of the cells was about 45 hours. The cells were mostly round, although a few triangular or spindle‐shaped cells were also found. They could not be transplanted into nude mice.

These cells had some histiocyte characteristics which are not observed in fibroblasts: 1) Electron microscopically, there were more lysosomes and phagolysosomes than in fibroblasts. Dense bodies and myelin figures derived from lysosomes were also observed. 2) Staining with acid phosphatase (ACPase), esterase, and α‐1‐antitrypsin was positive. 3) The cells had C3 receptors but no Fc receptors. However, there were two differences between DFSP cells in the established line and those in the early stages: in the former, the capacity for immunophagocytosis (Fc receptors and phagocytosis of Candida albicans) and collagen synthesis were almost entirely absent.
Lupus Erythematosus Profundus
Authors: Yamada Yoshitaka , Dekio Satoshi , Jidoi Joji , Ozasa Shozaburo
Published: April 2015

A male adult patient with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) developed lupus erythematosus profundus. We decided to treat him with oral administration of dapsone, which proved to be very effective.
Congenital Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma Presenting as a Blueberry Muffin Baby
Authors: Kitagawa Nobuko , Arata Jirô , Ohtsuki Yuji , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Oomori Yasuhiro , Tomoda Takashi
Published: April 2015

Congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in a newborn was reported. She had multiple subcutaneous tumors and looked like a blueberry muffin baby. From the clinical signs and the histological pictures, a diagnosis of neuroblastoma was considered. Laboratory data showed no abnormalities. Electron microscopic examination revealed myofilament and incipient stria formation.

On the basis of these data, a final diagnosis of congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma associated with multiple skin metastases was made.
A Case of Temporal Arteritis Successfully Treated with Recombinant Interleukin‐2
Authors: Kamide Ryoichi , Ishikawa Takeshi , Aizawa Hiroshi , Aoki Ikuko , Niimura Michihito
Published: April 2015

An 80‐year‐old Japanese woman with temporal arteritis was treated with systemic recombinant human interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) (1 × 106 unit/day for six weeks). The presenting symptoms of headache and skin necrosis and abnormal laboratory findings, such as an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CRP, promptly improved without any serious side effects. Although the pathogenesis of temporal arteritis and the mechanism(s) of the beneficial effect of IL‐2 on it still remain unknown, this preliminary study highly encourages further investigations.
Modulation of Bullous Pemphigoid Antigens by Gamma Interferon in Cultured Human Keratinocytes
Authors: Su Hong , Reano Alain , Hesse Sylvie , Viac Jacqueline , Thivolet Jean
Published: April 2015

We report the effects of human recombinant gamma interferon (γ‐IFN) on the expression of bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigens by human cultured keratinocytes.

Secondary epidermal cell cultures were grown on 3T3 mouse fibroblasts; when confluent, some cultures were maintained in control medium while others were exposed to various concentrations of γ‐IFN (100, 200, 400 U/ml) for 14 days. The expression of BP antigens was analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence on epithelial sheets and immunoblotting of Tris, SDS, β‐mercaptoethanol culture extracts using different BP sera.

Our results show that γ‐IFN alters the expression of BP antigens in a way varying according to the skin donor: we observed results ranging from complete loss and decreased expression to unchanged reactivity patterns. Thus, γ‐IFN modifies BP antigen expression; this behavior has been previously shown for other adhesion molecules such as fibronectin and thrombospondin. However, the observed variability of the expression of BP antigens according to the skin donor suggests an unexpected variability in keratinocyte sensitivity to gamma interferon, which remains to be explored both in vitro and in vivo.
Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma from Skin: Establishment and Characterization of a New Cell Line (HSC‐5)
Authors: Hozumi Yutaka , Kondo Shigeo , Shimoura Takako , Aso Kazuo
Published: April 2015

A new cell line, designated as HSC‐5 and derived from human skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), has been established in vitro and maintained proliferative in continuous tissue culture for over two years. The cells grow in a monolayer in vitro and have anaplastic epithelioid features. The doubling time was about 35hr at the 30th passage. Chromosome analysis showed hypotetraploidy with a modal number of 76. A trial of transplantation of the cultured cells into nude mice was not successful. Analysis of cytokeratins from HSC‐5 by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed polypeptides No. 5, 8, 13, 18 and 19.

The cell line is available to other investigators.
Chromosome Abnormalities in Skin Fibroblasts Probably Induced by an Anti‐cancer Drug
Authors: Sadamori Naoki , Honda Takeo , Toriyama Fumi
Published: April 2015

Chromosome findings in cultured skin fibroblasts from a patient treated with an anti‐cancer drug, pepleomycin sulfate, for his penis cancer are reported. In two batches of specimens (days 16 and 34, respectively), out of 120 cells examined, a total of 26 abnormal cells (21.7%) were found with no common chromosome abnormalities; there were no clones. This cytogenetic pattern of abnormalities without clones in cultured skin fibroblasts differs from that seen in congenital disease or radiation‐exposed skin fibroblasts. It is suggested that the anti‐cancer agent is the most likely etiological factor for these uncloned chromosome abnormalities in cultured skin fibroblasts.
Tiopronin‐induced Lichenoid Eruption in a Patient with Liver Disease and Positive Patch Test Reaction to Drugs with Sulfhydryl Group
Authors: Kurumaji Yuko , Miyazaki Kazuhiro
Published: April 2015

A 62‐year‐old woman suffering from liver cirrhosis developed lichenoid eruptions after 2 years of treatment with tiopronin. The lesions healed spontaneously within a month after withdrawal of the drug. In patch testing, the patient reacted positively, not only to tiopronin, but also to captopril and D‐penicillamine, neither of which she had ever taken before. The provocation test was positive only to tiopronin, and its histological findings revealed lichenoid reaction. It is suggested that the sulfhydryl group may play a role in the etiology of tiopronin‐induced lichenoid drug eruption.
Granulation Tissue that Developed after a Minor Trauma in a Psoriatic Patient on Long‐term Etretinate Therapy
Authors: Katayama Hiroshi , Okabe Naomi , Kano Toshiyuki , Yaoita Hideo
Published: April 2015

Synthetic analogues of retinoic acid, isotretinoin in particular, are known to cause granulation tissue in the nail sulcus and healing cystic acne. We observed granulation tissue that developed in a psoriatic patient on long‐term oral etretinate therapy (30 mg/day for 3 years), another synthetic analogue of retinoic acid. In August of 1988, the patient, a 44‐year‐old male, hit his lower leg against a wooden stick, resulting in a laceration. At that time he had relatively limited patches of psoriasis, but his skin was generally thin with teleangiectasia, even in areas without psoriasis, probably due to the long‐term use of oral etretinate and topical steroid. In spite of treatment with topical disinfectants and oral antibiotics, the wound progressed into granulation tissue surrounded by erythema and multiple punctate erosions with marked secretion of a clear exudate. The histological findings of the granulation tissue included the presence of proliferating microvessels and a relatively dense cell infiltration with a predominance of plasma cells on the sparse edematous connective tissue. Based on these findings, the rash was considered to be retinoid‐induced granulation tissue. As compared with previous reports, our case had the following characteristics: development of rash after minor trauma, rash on the lower leg, eosinophil infiltration into the rash.

We believe that long‐term users of oral etretinate should be cautioned about the potential for delayed wound healing and the formation of granulation tissue.
Reproduction of the Skin Lesions of Polymorphous Light Eruption: A Case Report and a Review of the Japanese Literature
Authors: Kawada Akira , Hiruma Masataro , Noda Toshiaki , Kukita Atsushi
Published: April 2015

A case of polymorphous light eruption with plaque‐type lesions is reported. A 55‐year‐old male had pruritic erythemas and plaques on the head, the face, the nape, the back of the hands, and the left loin within days following sun exposure. The patient's minimal erythema dose (MED) (60 mJ/cm2) of sunlamp irradiation for ultraviolet (UV) B was normal. Three once‐daily exposures to 2 MED of UVB (Epstein's repeat phototest technique) produced pruritic papules with a similar microscopic appearance to that of the patient's skin lesion, indicating that the action spectrum causing the lesion seemed to be within the UVB waveband.
Production of Interleukin 1 Alpha by a Trichilemmoma Cell Line
Authors: Nishioka Kiyoshi , Funato Tadao , Sato Yuko , Ohta Yukinori , Eto Hikaru , Katayama Ichiro , Nishiyama Shigeo
Published: April 2015

In order to obtain a good source of human epidermal cell derived thymocyte activating factor (ETAF) for biological study, several cell lines of epidermal origin were cultured. One of the trichilemmoma cell lines, KTL‐1, was found to produce ETAF satisfactorily in its culture supernatant. The culture supernatant was collected and analyzed to determine the nature of the ETAF activity. The ETAF activity was completely inhibited by anti‐IL 1α antibody, but not by anti‐IL 1β antibody. Messenger RNA expression by KTL‐1 cells was analyzed by using cDNA of IL 1α as a probe. Messenger RNA was not detected in KTL‐1 cells by either dot blot analysis or northern blot analysis. However, it was expressed weakly in the cytoplasm by in situ hybridization technique. Messenger RNA expression was easily detected in KTL‐1 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Messenger RNA expression reached a peak at 3 hours after stimulation of LPS. A trichilemmoma cell line, KTL‐1, can be a good source of human ETAF for biological study.
The Origin and Fate of Merkel Cell Granules
Authors: Nindl Margit , Nakagawa Hidemi , Ishibashi Yasumasa
Published: April 2015

In order to elucidate the origin and fate of Merkel cell granules (MCGs), electron microscopic studies were carried out in fetal rat skin at day 20 of gestation.

In addition to the ordinary processing of the tissue, we incubated a part of the tissue with a solution containing ionophore A23187 in order to capture the rarely observable exocytotic event.

Based on our findings, a hypothetical model for the life cycle of Merkel cell granules is proposed as follows: I) Granule morphogenesis takes place in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the GERL, from where immature granules are budding off, thereby exhibiting a bristle‐like coat. II) Maturation and storage of MCGs takes place in the cytoplasm. III) Following stimulation, MCGs are released. IV) After the exocytotic granule release, MCG membranes are retrieved in the form of coated pits.