bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis of NZEB Energy Performance Requirements for Residential Buildings in Denmark, Estonia and Finland
Authors: Simson Raimo , Thomsen Kirsten Engelund , Wittchen Kim Bjarne , Kurnitski Jarek
Published: March 2021

Direct comparison of building energy performance levels between countries is usually not possible due to differences in climatic conditions, calculation methods, primary energy (PE) weighing factors and input data. This paper aims to analyse performance requirements and calculation methodology for residential Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) in Oceanic and Nordic climate zone countries according to European Commission (EC) recommended values, focusing on Denmark, Estonia, and Finland. Performance levels for each country are compared with European Commission (EC) recommended values (EU 2016/1318) using normalization and benchmarking through detailed computer simulations. The study is based on two representative buildings: a Danish single-family house and an Estonian apartment building, both designed to meet national NZEB requirements. The buildings were modelled using national and standardized (EN 16798–1:2019) methodologies, including country-specific climate and input data. The simulated performances were compared with EC threshold values, modified, and re-calculated to meet the NZEB PE targets of each country. To match the recommended energy performance, on-site renewable energy production using photovoltaic panels was increased or decreased accordingly. Results show that Estonian requirements for NZEB fulfil the EC NZEB recommendation. In the warmer, Oceanic climate zone it was however impossible to fulfil EC NZEB even with Estonian NZEB. This indicates that PE recommendations are too strict for colder Oceanic locations, represented in this paper by the Copenhagen climate.
Human response to thermal environment and perceived air quality in an office room with individually controlled convective and radiant cooling systems
Authors: Zhao Weixin , Kilpeläinen Simo , Kosonen Risto , Jokisalo Juha , Lestinen Sami , Mustakallio Panu
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyse the human response to the indoor climate with two individually controlled convective and radiant cooling systems: a low velocity unit combined with radiant panel system (LVRP) and a personalized ventilation system combined with a radiant panel system (PVRP). As a reference system without individual control, diffuse ceiling ventilation combined with a radiant panel system (DCV-RP) was also studied. In laboratory conditions, 10 males and 10 females gave subjective response to the indoor climate during various office activities. The results show that with the reference DCV-RP system, the indoor conditions were worse than with the LVRP and PVRP systems. The thermal sensation and perceived air quality with the PVRP system was better than the LVRP system. After a medium activity task, the thermal acceptability reverts faster with the PVRP than LVRP system. Compared with the PVRP system, the subjects preferred the higher airflow rate at the workstation with the LVRP system. Males preferred a higher airflow rate than females under the same conditions with both micro-environment systems. This research found that there was significant variation in the control preferences of the human subjects concerning the micro-environment, and this emphasizes the need for personalized control to ensure that all occupants are satisfied with the indoor conditions.
Optimization of strength, ductility and wear resistance of low-carbon grade A shipbuilding steel by post-ECAP annealing
Authors: Demirtas M. , Sekban D.M.
Published: March 2021

Effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological behavior of grade A shipbuilding steel was investigated. Coarse-grained microstructure of initial sample is eliminated during the ECAP at 375 °C and more refined microstructure is achieved. Post-ECAP annealing at 575 °C results in some grain growth, and also the cementite lamellae in the pearlite colonies is broken and got spheroidised during the annealing treatment. ECAP increases strength and hardness of steel significantly while it decreases the ductility. On the other hand, post-ECAP annealing treatment brings about an increase in ductility and diminishes the hardness, as expected. Strain hardening capacity, ductility, hardness and oxidation rate were found to be the main factors affecting wear resistance of the grade A steel. It was found that high hardness and strength, good wear resistance with sufficiently high ductility can be achieved in the grade A steel by applying ECAP + annealing processes.
A review of fluid instabilities and control strategies with applications in microgravity
Authors: Porter J. , Salgado Sánchez P. , Shevtsova V. , Yasnou V.
Published: March 2021

We give a brief review of several prominent fluid instabilities representing transitions driven by gravity, surface tension, thermal energy, and applied motion/acceleration. Strategies for controlling these instabilities, including their pattern formation properties, are discussed. The importance of gravity for many common fluid instabilities is emphasized and used to understand the sometimes dramatically different behavior of fluids in microgravity environments. This is illustrated in greater detail, using recent results, for the case of the frozen wave instability, which leads to large columnar structures in the absence of gravity. The development of these highly nonlinear states is often complex, but can be manipulated through an appropriate choice of forcing amplitude, container length and height, initial inclination of the surface, and other parameters affecting the nonlinear and inhomogeneous growth process. The increased opportunity for controlling fluids and their instabilities via small forcing or parameter changes in microgravity is noted.
Heterosis for seed, oil yield and quality of some different hybrids sunflower
Authors: Abdel-Rahem Mohamed , Hassan Tamer H.A. , Zahran Hamdy A.
Published: March 2021

Twenty-one hybrids of sunflower were produced by crossing 7 introduced cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS-lines) with 3 restorer lines (RF-lines) using line × tester mating design. The twenty-one hybrids, three restorers, seven maintainer lines (B-lines) were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design of three replications. Mean squares due to genotypes, parents (P), crosses (C), lines (L), testers (T), P vs. C, for stearic acid and line × tester for palmitic acid. The inbred lines and their F1 hybrids differed significantly in their mean values of the traits under study. The variances due to specific combining ability (SCA) were higher than general combining ability (GCA) variances for all the studied traits, showing non-additive type of gene action controlling the traits. Non-additive type of gene action can be utilized for varietal improvement through heterosis breeding. Heterosis values for seed yield plant−1 were positive and highly significant relative to both the parental mean (17.68–72.38%) and the better parent (−2.86–56.842%). Significantly and negative heterosis was recorded in the case of linoleic acid relative to the parental mean (−81.24 to −38.02%) and better parent (−66.24–22.87%). With oleic acid, the heterotic effect ranged from −14.18 to 39.59% (parental mean) and from −15.06 to 38.72% (better parent). Therefore, these results are valuable for the improvement of quantitative as well as qualitative traits in sunflower breeding material to fulfill the edible oil requirements.
Food quality assurance of crude palm oil: a review on toxic ester feedstock
Authors: Nizam Ainul Farhani Ahmad , Mahmud Mohd Sabri
Published: March 2021

Palm oil, the commodity produced mainly in Indonesia and Malaysia, is widely used for deep-frying of fast food and food derivatives. European and American markets of palm oil are affected by the concern of the toxicity potential from monochloropropanediol esters (MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) that are undesirably produced from monoacylglycerol (MAG), diacylglycerol (DAG) and chlorine in refineries. Improvement of oil palm plantation, fruit harvest and oil extraction process in palm oil mills is necessary before the refinery process so that hydrolysis reactions that produce MAG and DAG and chlorine contamination can be minimized in crude palm oil (CPO). This review focuses on the quality control currently employed in the mills especially in managing free fatty acid (FFA) formation as the indicator of the hydrolysis reactions along with other quality control parameters and the reduction of chlorine content.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the flow separation over NREL's S822 aerofoil and its control by suction and blowing
Authors: Aldabash‎‎ Nazar , Wandel‎ Andrew , Darwish‎ Abdul Salam , Epaarachchi‎ Jayantha
Published: March 2021

In this study, a numerical and experimental investigation for the flow separation over 170 mm chord, the NREL S822 aerofoil low Reynolds number wind turbine blade aerofoil section has been investigated at 15.8 m/s wind speed using suction and blowing techniques for the locations between 0.15 and 0.41 of the chord to improve aerodynamic characteristics of a wind turbine rotor blade. In a numerical study, two-dimensional aerofoil (i.e. NREL S822), using Shear Stress Transport (SST (γ − Reθ)) turbulence model, is presented. Careful selection for the number of mesh was considered through an iterative process to achieve the optimum mesh number resulted in optimum values for the ratio of lift to drag coefficients (CL/CD). Values of the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and separation location were investigated at an angle of attack 18°. Flow separation is monitored and predicted within the numerical results at the tested angles, which has been compared with the experimental results and should a fair agreement. The results revealed that the aerodynamic characteristics of NERL S822 aerofoil would be improved using the suction technique more than the suction and blowing techniques and there is a delay of flow separation with the increase of blowing or suction volumetric flow rate. Using these two techniques and careful selection of the mesh numbers with the right angle of attack can improve the aerofoil characteristics and therefore lead to improve the turbine performance characteristics.
Les États-Unis s’engagent vers le déploiement des premiers SMR
Authors: Le Gros Gaïc , Merlin Charles
Published: March 2021

Les États-Unis sont en bonne position dans la course aux petits réacteurs modulaires (SMR). Fin 2020, le ministère de l’Énergie américain (DOE) a annoncé le soutien à de nombreux projets pour déployer les premiers SMR d’ici à 2030 mais aussi pour développer des technologies avancées, en rupture avec les réacteurs d’aujourd’hui.
Transformation of the Higher Education System of Ukraine and Algeria in the Context of The Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Levchenko Anna , Plynokos Dmytro , Tsarenko Ilona , Boussadia Abdelmalek , Bouaita Seyf-Eddine
Published: March 2021

The paper focuses on the presence of a strong relationship between the level of education and unemployment in the EU and the OECD countries. A graphic confirmation of the change in the relative wages of employees depending on the level of education is given. The authors noted that in recent years there has been an expansion of the mass character of higher education, however, the latter has undergone transformations, in particular, the emergence of universities of a new format - University 21, School 35 and others. The author identifies the key features inherent in the field of higher education under the influence of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Of particular importance are the results on the existing imbalances in the field of higher education in the context of the transition to the new stage in the development of society - the 4th Industrial Revolution and the existing strategic gaps in the economies of the countries of the world depending on the level of development. The most optimal strategy for eliminating the existing imbalances in the field of higher education in the context of the 4th Industrial Revolution for the transition countries is proposed.
Modern Structural Level and Dynamics of Crimes with The Use of Computers, Automation Systems, Computer Networks and Electric Connection Systems
Authors: Tkalichenko Sergiy , Khotskina Valentyna , Tsymbal Zhanna , Solovieva Victoria , Burunova Olena
Published: March 2021

Actuality of surveillance the cyber-criminality problem and its impact upon a society is proved out by the rapid increase in a quantity of such crimes and material losses accordingly. The statistical analysis of their number increases and the caused losses is made in the process of cybercrimes studying. It’s revealed that besides the catastrophic number growth of such crimes, the relative size of losses is increased too. The analysis of the actual data for the nine years is made, on which basis the indicators’ table of the cyber-attacks number, the general losses and the indexes of their dynamics is elaborated. The analysis of the struggle’s state with cyber-criminality in our state is made. The recommendations are presented in the limits of the research for the increase of the information protection’s reliability.
Digital Technological Solutions Are an Important Factor in The Effective Development of Higher Education in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Zhukovskaya Irina , Xashimxodjayev Sharafutdin , Pilipenko Elena
Published: March 2021

This article shows the main directions of improving higher education in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the context of the formation of the digital economy. The authors' research is based on real examples of the Tashkent State Economic University. The article proves that the digital transformation and change in the methods and means of teaching students and undergraduates in the context of the pandemic caused by the spread of COVID 19 infection require new technological approaches to teaching and managing the university from the teaching staff and university administration. In this article, the authors conclude that digital technologies individualize the educational process, diversify, develop students' independence, and develop creative thinking skills. Thus, the quality of education improves, and it is not only about the full and high-quality fulfillment of the requirements of the curriculum: classes begin to meet the personal interests and needs of students and undergraduates, which is undoubtedly an additional incentive to master the educational material. Thus, modern technological solutions based on the latest digital technologies contribute to an increase in the efficiency and quality of the educational process in a higher educational institution.
Access to Finance as a Driver Innovation
Authors: Vasylchuk Iryna , Izmaylova Natalya , Smyrna Olga , Petrishyna Tetiana , Slusarenko Kateryna
Published: March 2021

Innovation accelerates economic growth and becomes the key to success in the new post-industrial paradigm. The more innovation, the more a country's prosperity grows. Innovation is a risky and costly type of activity, so it requires significant financial resources attracted from different sources and by different methods. Traditionally, the entrepreneurial sector, which has sufficient amounts of various resources, is the most innovatively active. At the same time, the innovative activity of companies is under pressure from a number of factors. The purpose of the article is to analyze the factors influencing the innovative activity of industrial enterprises in Ukraine and to identify the relationship between the volume of innovation and economic growth of the country. For the analysis there were used the methods of descriptive, comparative and correlation and regression analysis. The sample is created at the basis of data from statistical reports on the research and development activities of economic entities in Ukraine for the period 2000-2019.It has been revealed that there is a steady decline in the number of workers in the innovation sphere in Ukraine, and compared to European countries, these indicators are much lower and tend to decrease further. This affects the place of Ukraine in the global ranking of innovation in a negative way. It is confirmed that there is a direct positive significant relationship between the costs of innovation and bank loans and foreign direct investment in the capital of Ukrainian companies, confirms the thesis of funding as a driver of innovation. It is confirmed for Ukrainian content that there is a positive relationship between innovation and economic growth.
Research of Net Users by Means of Big Data Technology
Authors: Vdovychenko Irina , Khotskina Svitlana , Khodukin Mykola , Mamanazarov Ilyos
Published: March 2021

The presented article offers the review of means, methods and possibilities of one of the most welcomed modern information technologies – Big Data. The popularity of the technology is grounded in the work. The sources of the big data, the speed of their appearance, amounts of information in the world are examined. The main specializations of the employees for the operation in the field of the structuralized and non-structuralized data of big amounts and the significant variety are marked. The scientific and practical directions and the structure of Big Data are analyzed. The examples of the Big Data use’s technology in the world are examined. The research results of the big data, received from the Ukrainian sites, are presented in the article. The possibilities of the programming language R, as one of the leading instrumental means of the Big Data technology, were used in the work. The research aim was to define the attendance frequency’s dependence of different sites by the young people, aged from 17 to 35 years old, upon their sex, provision of job, incomes and age. The authors present the obtained results and offer directions of the activity, where they may be used.
Development of Future Managers’ Resilience as a Condition for Efficiency and Reliability of Management Activities
Authors: Kravets Volodymyr , Meshko Halyna , Meshko Oleksandr , Leskiw Alina , Habrusieva Nataliia
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the future managers' resilience development problem at the stage of Master's training. The state of development of the specified problem in psychological scientific literature and practice was analyzed. The essential approaches to interpreting resilience were clarified and the factors of resilience, considering the analysis of the scientific literature, were analyzed. The method of determining neuropsychological resilience, the risk of maladaptation in stress "Prognosis", adapted method of L. Wasserman "Diagnosis of neuroticism" and SACS-questionnaire and models of coping behavior, developed by S. Hobfoll, were used to measure the ability to maintain psychosocial adaptation during stress and to diagnose the level of neuroticism, neuropsychological resilience to stress. The results of the study served as a basis for finding alternative ways of developing future managers' resilience. The program of future managers' resilience development, focused on the formation of productive interaction and constructive overcoming the professional difficulties skills; mastering constructive coping strategies; learning methods and technics of self-regulation; formation of assertive behavior and positive thinking, selfefficacy of the individual, was substantiated and developed. The main ways of the offered resilience development program’s realization were outlined. The role of the course "Occupational Health" in the development of future managers' resilience was developed and characterized.
Economic Culture of Students’ Communication in Market Conditions
Authors: Mamanazarov Abdukhakim
Published: March 2021

The article substantiates the pedagogical need to develop economic culture among students as Uzbekistan is entering the developed market economy; develops classification and functions of economic culture in student’s personality; determines parameters of economic culture development among youth; reveals components and criteria of economic culture among students of higher education institutions; presents methods of economic knowledge expansion; determines culture indicators of entry into economic relations; specifies the content, means, forms, methods and technologies of economic culture development among students; facilitates mechanisms of pedagogical correction based on assessment and diagnostics of the economic culture level formed among students; presents statistically derived methodology of organizing experimental work and its efficiency aimed at developing economic culture among students; designs the research and methodological guidance for improving the training process aimed at developing economic culture among students.
Communication of the Public Authorities and Self-Governmental Organizations: Challenges of the Digital Society
Authors: Orlov Valentyn , Poliakova Victoriia , Shylova Valentyna , Kuzmych Alina , Leshchenko Olena
Published: March 2021

The article actualizes the problem of communicative interaction between public authorities and self-governing organizations as stakeholders of civil society. The understanding of the essence of self-government, typology of self-government organizations is generalized; the experience of separate legal systems on maintenance of proper communications of the power and self-government organizations in the conditions of development of digital society is studied. The research is aimed at solving the scientific problem of substantiating the conceptual foundations of building public communication systems of government and self-government organizations through the creation of technological platforms for constant constructive dialogue of self-government organizations with local authorities and local government. It is concluded that there are systemic obstacles to communication between the government and civil society. Overcoming such obstacles will ensure a qualitatively new, partnership nature of communication between government and society. The article for the first time raises the issue of creating platforms for communication between the government and self-governing organizations to ensure the participation of citizens in public administration decisions. The results of the study can be the basis for the formation of a new paradigm of the relationship between public authorities and self-governing organizations.
Problems of Improving the New Paradigm of Social Processes Management in Modern Ukraine
Authors: Taran Volodymyr , Dudaryov Vitaliy , Koval Hanna , Popovych Vasyl , Holonic Jan
Published: March 2021

Theoretical analysis and practical application of the management system of social processes is impossible without a clear methodological basis, which is part of the paradigm. The paradigm is usually based on a system of principles that determine the prospects for the development of science. An important achievement of modern methodology of science is the theoretical substantiation of the position on the historical variability of the paradigm. This is due to the steady process of development of social practice, the expansion of the problem field of science and the improvement of research methods. It follows that any paradigm, including management, exists only within a certain time. Then it inevitably undergoes rethinking and gives way to a new paradigm. Based on this, the purpose of this article is to try to identify the most promising semantic landmarks around which to improve the new paradigm of management of social processes, and the task - to record such paradigmatic changes in the system of principles.
Inter-Community Cooperation at a Regional Level: Methods of Assessing Migration and Institutional Ties
Authors: Sakhanienko Sierhiei , Kolisnichenko Natalia , Koval Hanna , Dulina Oksana , Zhiemuratov Temirbay
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the assessing methods of inter-community cooperation at the regional level regarding its migration and institutional ties. The recommendations on the assessment of inter-municipal relations are focused on the development of appropriate strategies for cooperation between local communities. The article defines the algorithm of analysis and evaluation of inter-municipal relations. The essence and peculiarities of the relevant stages of cooperation are examined and revealed. The components of the assessment of inter-municipal relations and methods of their definition are offered. The matrix and the corresponding coefficients of inter-municipal ties are examined.
Socio-Geographical Concept of Labor Market Monitoring and Regional Employment Policy Formation
Authors: Butkaliuk Kateryna , Shchabelska Valentyna , Bykova Mariia , Pologovska Iuliia
Published: March 2021

The necessity of socio-geographical concept elaboration and implementation for labor market monitoring and regional employment policy formation is grounded from the socio-geographical point of view. It has been established that: 1) the versatility and complex nature of the labor market development specificated by natural and socio-economic factors of important geographical content has determined its socio-geographical essence; 2) the development of the concept requires different approaches, principles and research methods, including socio-geographical, taking into account various labor market factors; 3)the concept should take into account the influence of the laws of the production and human settlement territorial organisation, as well as the level of development and structure of the region's economy; 4)the concept should take into account the peculiarities of the labor market formation and development in the economic system agricultural sector as well as the impact of current risks and challenges on the social and labor sphere of public life; 5) the implementation of such a concept has to provide the balancing of labor supply and demand within the country and its regions; 6)regional employment policy should be aimed at rational use of the territory labor potential.
Natural Resource-Based Socio-Economic System of Local Communities: Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change
Authors: Kyryziuk Sergii , Yarovyi Viktor , Prokopa Igor , Lukyanova Mariia
Published: March 2021

Local rural communities challenge due to regional disparities on conditions and features of economic, infrastructural, social development etc. Most rural communities are strengthened by natural and environmental bases for economic development compared to urban areas. But during the last two decades they face the global challenge – climate change, which takes a risk of socio-economic system (SES), based on natural resources use. Agriculture and natural-based activities are the most vulnerable systems to climate change. This study aims to test the possibilities for Ukrainian local rural communities to adapt their SES, which are based mainly on natural resources use, toward the building of more resilient to climate change systems. Here, we develop the framework for assessment of vulnerability of community’ SES to climate change, using the integrated indicator-based approach. We estimate the Vulnerability Index for six rural communities, describing the integrated level and by subsystems level of vulnerability. Our assessment confirms the high vulnerability of agriculture and natural ecosystem to climate change. It is a crucial challenge for further socio-economic development of the rural SES with the monofunctional economy which is based on natural resources use. In addition, the problem is exacerbated by the high vulnerability of the social system and infrastructure for most studied communities. Understanding the vulnerable subsystems of community’ SES ensure timely response and the development of concrete policy actions at the community and state levels. In this study we substantiate the hotlist of actions for the most vulnerable subsystems.
Development of Supplements Prevention System in Oxygen Converter Process in Order to Increase the Economic Efficiency of Steel Melting
Authors: Chuprinov Evhen , Lyalyuk Vitalij , Andrushchenko Hanna , Kassim Daria , Rad’ko Natalia
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the work of the oxygen-converter shop of PJSC «ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih». It is shown that almost half of the total number of blowing supplements (~ 44%) is carried out by temperature. In order to improve the conditions of steel smelting and reduce resource costs, calculations were performed and new technological solutions were found in steel smelting to reduce the number of additives. The study of real smelters demonstrated the need for corrective operations in the smelting of steel using scrap metal of different types. Scrap smelts have a clear relationship between the amount of scrap in the charge and the temperature of the melt in the first dump. The addition of «goat» scrap to the charge has a number of uncontrolled effects on the process due to significant fluctuations in the chemical composition of this type of metal charge. An economic analysis with introducing the developed control mechanism over the course of steel smelting into the software system for conditions PSJC «ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih» was performed.
Principle of Organization for Laboratory Stand of the Electric Drive with a Real Regulatory System No Time Scaling
Authors: Pirozhenko Andrii , Modlo Yevhenii , Shaida Ruslan , Batarieiev Viktor , Zhukov Mykola , Drukker Mykhailo
Published: March 2021

The existing practical training of specialists in the field of the electric drive is recognized as insufficient, not allowing them to conduct independently a complex of adjustment works or works on elimination of refusals. All known virtual methods of research of electric drives are scaled in time therefore at the trained skills on use of the measuring and registering devices during the work on real installation don't develop, and also skills on work with real knots of control systems for control of the set drive modes. We propose a stand consisting of a real system of regulation and the model of the power drive to work without time scale, thus significantly closer to the actual laboratory setting drive. The structure of the laboratory stand on the basis of the engine of a direct current of independent excitement with the reversible thyristor converter is in details considered. It is proved that an optimal algorithm for the simulation of three-phase bridge converter operating at anchor chain is an algorithm which rooms include a thyristor and of the remaining thyristors allows you to choose the design scheme and carry out the integration of equations describing electric processes in the circuit detect a change in state of the thyristors and the transition to other design scheme. Given the discrete model and considered design scheme of three-phase bridge Converter in a normal mode switching thyristors and emergency mode, if false turn on of the thyristor during commutation. Mathematical model of the device - the solution of differential equations by numerical integration of the Runge-Kutta. Proposed hardware mathematical model based on the family of microcomputer ARM СortexTM fourth generation.
Neugeborenes mit Nasenagenesie: Neonatologische Herausforderungen bei der Versorgung eines Neugeborenen mit Bosma-Arhinie-Mikrophthalmie-Syndrom (BAMS)
Authors: Stromiedel Helen , Van Quekelberghe Chantal , Yigit Gökhan , Al Naimi Ammar , Bahlmann Franz , Sader Robert , Guchlerner Marina , Lüchtenberg Marc , Latta Kay , Cho Chie Hee , Wollnik Bernd , Kunzmann Steffen
Published: March 2021

Anhand eines weiblichen Neugeborenen soll das seltene Krankheitsbild der konnatalen Nasenagenesie vorgestellt werden. In der Schwangerschaft fielen eine intrauterine Wachstumsrestriktion mit Polyhydramnion und eine Mittelgesichtshypoplasie auf. Das Atemwegsmanagement nach primärer Sectio in der 38 + 4 SSW gelang mittels Schienung durch einen Güdel- bzw. im Verlauf Rachentubus ohne Zeichen einer respiratorischen Insuffizienz. Neben der vollständigen Nasenagenesie zeigten sich bei unauffälligen zerebralen Strukturen ein Hypertelorismus, ein gotischer Gaumen, ein beidseitiger Mikrophthalmus und Iriskolobom. Die Nahrungsaufnahme wurde mit einer orogastralen Sonde sichergestellt, durch Trinktraining und einen speziellen Schnuller konnten eine bessere Koordination und Trinkleistung erzielt werden. Der sich bei assoziierten Fehlbildungen ergebende Verdacht auf ein Bosma-Arhinie-Mikrophthalmie-Syndrom (BAMS) wurde humangenetisch durch den Nachweis einer heterozygoten de novo Mutation im SMCHD1-Gen, welches eine Schlüsselfunktion in der Embryogenese der menschlichen Nase spielt, bestätigt (c.1043A > G; pHis348Arg). Aus neonatologischer Sicht ist oftmals die initiale Kreißsaal-Versorgung eine Herausforderung: Patienten mit Nasenagenesie werden häufig postpartal intubiert und elektiv tracheotomiert. Bei fehlender respiratorischer Problematik und Nahrungsaufnahme mit perzentilengerechtem Wachstum besteht jedoch keine dringliche Indikation zur frühzeitigen plastisch-chirurgischen Versorgung, insbesondere da diese mit Gefahren wie Sepsis und Wachstumsstörungen im Mittelgesicht behaftet ist.
Wo bitte geht es nach Hinterdupfing?
Authors: Hertlein Margit
Published: March 2021

Links oder rechts? Täglich treffen Führungskräfte Entscheidungen. Manchmal ist die Antwort glasklar, manchmal aber eben auch nicht. Wie Sie kluge Entscheidungen treffen, lesen Sie in unserem Beitrag.
Roboterassistierte Lungenchirurgie
Authors: Cheufou Danjouma , Baldes Natalie , Lechner Sebastian , Möller Thorben , Steinert Matthias , Bölükbas Servet
Published: March 2021

Bei Patienten mit primär resektablem Lungenkarzinom bleibt die anatomische Resektion die Therapie der Wahl. Allerdings kommen zu der etablierten Methode der Thorakotomie und Videothorakoskopie mit der Weiterentwicklung der Technik neue Methoden hinzu. Interessant ist hier insbesondere die Entwicklung der roboterassistierten Thoraxchirurgie. Die Anzahl der durch diese Technik unterstützten Lobektomien nimmt stetig zu und weitere Zentren schließen sich der roboterchirurgischen Therapie des Lungenkarzinoms an. Die roboterassistierte Thoraxchirurgie bietet einige technische Vorteile, welche die Limitationen der videoassistierten Chirurgie überwinden können. Die sichere Durchführbarkeit roboterassistierter Lobektomien konnten wiederholt gezeigt werden, wohingegen die Datenlage in Bezug auf die perioperativen Komplikationen heterogen ist. In Bezug auf die onkologischen Ergebnisse konnten bisher keine Nachteile der roboterassistierten Thoraxchirurgie gezeigt werden. Mit der
Einführung neuer Robotersysteme anderer Hersteller wird die Entwicklung zukünftig wahrscheinlich noch rasanter voranschreiten und so potenziell den Anteil minimalinvasiver Operationen in der Thoraxchirurgie erhöhen.
Robotic-Assisted Neck Dissection: Our Experience
Authors: Poma Salvatore , Modica Domenico Michele , Pitruzzella Alessandro , Fucarino Alberto , Mattina Gianfranco , Fasola Salvatore , Pirrello Daniele , Galfano Giuseppe Mario
Published: March 2021

Introduction Robotic neck dissection surgery allows less invasiveness to significantly improve the aesthetic impact even though it does not compromise the principles of radical cancer procedure.

Objective The aim of our work is to describe our personal experience with robotic neck dissection surgery.

Methods A retrospective study was conducted by analyzing 10 patients subjected to a robotic neck dissection surgery. In the period from August 2012 to December 2018, these patients have been treated exclusively with robotic lateral-cervical dissection. Five of them were subjected to robotic-assisted transaxillary neck dissection (RATAND) and the other 5 treated with robotic-assisted retroauricular neck dissection (RARAND), then the surgical results have been compared with 5 similar dissections performed by open neck dissection (OND).

Results The average surgical time of RATAND was estimated in 166 minutes, the average surgical time of RARAND was estimated in 153 minutes and the average surgical time of OND was estimated in 48 minutes. Both robotic techniques are valid from the oncological and aesthetic point of view, but in terms of surgical time, they are much longer than the open technique.

Conclusions In terms of the post-operative decree, in our opinion, the retroauricular technique is more rapid for the purposes of recovery.
Outcome of Gastroesophageal Reflux Therapy in Children with Persistent Otitis Media with Effusion
Authors: Elbeltagy Reem , Abdelhafeez Marwa
Published: March 2021

Introduction Otitis media with effusion (OME) is considered one of the most common disorders that affect children during the first years of life. There are many risk factors of persistent middle ear effusion; one of these risk factors is gastroesophageal reflux. Association between persistent OME and gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERDs) could be explained by respiratory tract infections, insufficient ciliary clearance, and poor drainage of the Eustachian tube.

Objective To investigate whether the control of gastroesophageal reflux plays a role in the management of persistent OME and decreases tympanostomy tube insertion

Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children complaining of persistent OME. Their ages ranged between 5 and 12 years old. All children were subjected to full history taking, audiological assessment and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. The study group was divided according to pH results into two groups: GERD positives and GERD negatives.

Result The prevalence of GERD in persistent OME was 58%. There were statistically significant differences in the hearing levels and middle ear condition before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). The percentage of improvement of children complaining of persistent OME after antireflux treatment was 52%.

Conclusion Gastroesophageal reflux disease should be considered in patients with persistent OME. The administration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can set aside superfluous surgical treatment (such as tympanostomy).
Multiple Brain Abscesses Secondary to Odontogenic Infection: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Frisso Paulo Lucas Capelini , Ellakkis Richam Faissal El Hossain , Silva Elton Gomes , Farina Edgar Manuel Garcete , Sarraf Raymond Assad El
Published: March 2021

Introduction Cerebral abscess is a suppurative infection of the cerebral parenchyma, which may occur due to contiguity, hematogenous dissemination of distant foci, secondary to open traumatic brain injuries, or be idiopathic.

Clinical Case A 63-year-old male patient sought assistance due to a severe headache in the frontal region associated with chills and lack of appetite that started four days before. Clinical examination of the patient showed no significant changes. Imaging and laboratory tests on admission showed only nonspecific changes, such as leukocytes 18,540, platelets 517,000, and c-reactive protein 2,0. In such case, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull was performed with contrast, showing the presence of expansive lesions compatible with multiple brain abscesses in the right parieto-occipital region.

Discussion After excluding the main focus of hematogenous dissemination and in view of the identification of the agent Streptococcus intermedius by means of secretion culture collected through a surgical method, the hypothesis of abscess due to contiguous dental pyogenic foci was pointed out.

Conclusion Dental evaluation showed multiple foci of infection with periodontitis and dental abscess, which were treated along with the use of antibiotics directed to the etiologic agent.
Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty with Fluoroscopy to Mitigate the Risk of Complications in Patients with Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease
Authors: Yun Andrew G. , Qutami Marilena , Pasko Kory B. Dylan
Published: March 2021

A minority of adult patients with childhood Legg–Calve–Perthes disease (LCPD) will develop secondary arthritis with marked leg length discrepancy (LLD) and multiplanar hip deformity. During total hip arthroplasty (THA), these technical challenges increase the perioperative risks of nerve injury, leg length inequality, and implant malposition. The technique of direct anterior total hip arthroplasty (DA-THA) in combination with fluoroscopic imaging was evaluated to mitigate these risks. We performed a retrospective review of 11 DA-THA procedures performed for patients with LCPD. The mean preoperative LLD for the patient cohort was 17 mm (range, 2–54). The mean postoperative LLD was 6 mm (range, 0–28). Acetabular component orientation was precise and accurate with a mean abduction angle of 44 degrees (range, 42–46) and mean anteversion of 20 degrees (range, 16–24). Clinical outcomes demonstrated a mean hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint replacement (HOOS, Jr) of 94 points. No patients had leg lengthening more than 26 mm and no nerve palsies were identified. We conclude that DA-THA with fluoroscopic guidance may be a valuable method to improve component placement precision and procedural safety in this potentially high-risk patient group.
Fast Tracking in Off Pump CABG with Supraglottic Airway and TIVA
Authors: Shah Kalpana
Published: March 2021

The standard goals of anesthetic management for an off pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery are that it should be safe, provide cardiac and other organ protection and stability, preserve neurocognitive integrity, maintain hemodynamics, allow early emergence and ambulation, and offer pain relief in the postoperative period. The cardiac surgical team should collaborate and plan the best preoperative strategy, so as to provide optimal care and a rapid and expeditious recovery of these patients. Scientific evidence and practical experience make total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) the recommended choice for cardiac surgery. Use of endotracheal tube (ETT) is associated with certain drawbacks which can be overcome with judicious use of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) for cardiac surgeries too. The core principles of ultrafast track anesthetic (UFTA) technique are choice and titration of short-acting anesthetic drugs, postoperative normothermia, multimodal analgesia, early extubation, ambulation, and discharge. Fast tracking with use of TIVA and PLMA in patients undergoing OPCAB at our center offers certain advantages over other techniques in terms of reduced airway and lung trauma, improved cardiac output and renal perfusion with spontaneous respiration, decreased stress and discomfort of ETT suctioning and weaning from ventilation, substantially reduced requirement of dosages of analgesics, anesthetics and opioids, resulting in better patient hemodynamics, alert and pain-free patient that are more amenable and cooperative for early feeds, postoperative chest physiotherapy and lung recruitment strategies, and early ambulation and discharge.
Potential Impact of the Z0011 Trial on the Omission of Axillary Dissection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shinzato Julia Yoriko , Serra Katia Piton , Eugeni Caroline , Cabello Cesar , Cardoso-Filho Cassio , Zeferino Luís Carlos
Published: March 2021

Objective To evaluate the number of patients with early-stage breast cancer who could benefit from the omission of axillary surgery following the application of the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial criteria.

Methods A retrospective cohort study conducted in the Hospital da Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. The study population included 384 women diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer, clinically negative axilla, treated with breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy, from January 2005 to December 2010. The ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria were applied to this population and a statistical analysis was performed to make a comparison between populations.

Results A total of 384 patients underwent breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Of the total number of patients, 86 women underwent axillary lymph node dissection for metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SNLs). One patient underwent axillary node dissection due to a suspicious SLN intraoperatively, thus, she was excluded from the study. Among these patients, 82/86 (95.3%) had one to two involved sentinel lymph nodes and met the criteria for the ACOSOG Z0011 trial with the omission of axillary lymph node dissection. Among the 82 eligible women, there were only 13 cases (15.9%) of lymphovascular invasion and 62 cases (75.6%) of tumors measuring up to 2 cm in diameter (T1).

Conclusion The ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria can be applied to a select group of SLN-positive patients, reducing the costs and morbidities of breast cancer surgery.
Digitales Versorgungsgesetz in Deutschland – Chancen und
Herausforderungen für die Behandlung von Menschen mit
psychischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Karow Anne
Published: March 2021

Trotz vielfältiger Behandlungsangebote ist die Behandlung von Menschen mit
psychischen Erkrankungen in Deutschland immer noch unzureichend: ungefähr
zwei Drittel der Betroffenen mit psychischen Erkrankungen sind zu lange oder
dauerhaft unbehandelt. Dies betrifft in besonderem Maße jüngere
Menschen mit schweren psychischen Erkrankungen und hohem langfristigen
Unterstützungsbedarf. Die Gründe hierfür sind
vielfältig. Übereinstimmend werden aber immer wieder eine
unzureichende ort- und zeitnahe Verfügbarkeit von flexiblen und individuell
angepassten Therapieangeboten genannt.
Willkommen
Authors: Junne Florian
Published: March 2021

Zum Abschied gehört auch der Neubeginn. Dabei dürfen wir
Herrn Prof. Dr. Florian Junne im Herausgeber-Gremium begrüßen. Herr Junne
ist seit dem 1.4.2021 Lehrstuhlinhaber für Psychosomatische Medizin und
Psychotherapie sowie der Direktor der Universitätsklinik für
Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität
Magdeburg. Zuvor war Florian Junne seit 2009 an der Abteilung für Psychosomatische
Medizin und Psychotherapie an der Medizinischen Universitätsklinik Tübingen
tätig, zuletzt als Stellvertretender Ärztlicher Direktor und Leiter des
Arbeitsbereiches Versorgungsforschung und Prävention.
Investigating phase transitions from local crystallographic analysis based on statistical learning of atomic environments in 2D MoS2-ReS2
Authors: Vasudevan Rama K. , Ziatdinov Maxim , Sharma Vinit , Oxley Mark P. , Vlcek Lukas , Morozovska Anna N. , Eliseev Eugene A. , Yang Shi-Ze , Gong Yongji , Ajayan Pulickel , Zhou Wu , Chisholm Matthew F. , Kalinin Sergei V.
Published: March 2021

The mechanisms of phase transitions have been previously explored at various theoretical and experimental levels. For a wide variety of compounds, the majority of studies are limited by observations at fixed temperature and composition, in which case, relevant information can be determined only from the behaviors at topological and structural defects. All analyses to date utilize macroscopic descriptors derived from structural information such as polarization or octahedral tilts extracted from the atomic positions, ignoring the multiple degrees of freedom observable from atomically resolved images. In this article, we provide a solution, by exploring the mechanisms of a phase transition between the trigonal prismatic and distorted octahedral phases of layered chalcogenides in the 2D MoS2–ReS2 system from the observations of local degrees of freedom, namely atomic positions by scanning transmission electron microscopy. We employ local crystallographic analysis based on statistical learning of atomic environments to build a picture of the transition from the atomic level up and determine local and global variables controlling the local symmetry breaking. We highlight how the dependence of the average symmetry-breaking distortion amplitude on global and local concentration can be used to separate local chemical as well as global electronic effects on the transition. This approach allows for the exploring of atomic mechanisms beyond the traditional macroscopic descriptions, utilizing the imaging of compositional fluctuations in solids to explore phase transitions over a range of observed local stoichiometries and atomic configurations.