bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Autonomic Function in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Deshpande Dr. Pranjali , Howale Dr. Deepak S.
Published: March 2019

Rheumatoid arthritis is common inflammatory arthritis arising throughout the world. A chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorder is known as Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Principally it affects the joints and usually accompanied by one or more of extra-articular manifestations as rheumatoid nodules, neuropathy and norm chromic normocytic anemia. Rheumatoid arthritis can start at any age, but has maximum between 35 to 55 years of age. The prevalence of RA is about 1% worldwide whereas India is 0.9% with women suffering 3-5 times more than men. Sympathetic and parasympathetic involvement has described in primary and secondary vasculitis processes, as in systemic vasculitis processes like: SLE, RA. Peripheral nervous system is the main target in RA patients where as involvement of central nervous system (CNS) is rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac autonomic function in RA and compare with healthy individuals by using HRT analysis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed which was carried out in the Dept. of Physiology at Zydus Medical College and Hospital. It was carried out on both males and females of mean age group 45±10 years to study autonomic functions in RA. Total 50 individuals were include in which 25 were included as healthy individuals with not on any medication, served as controls and 25 were diagnosed with RA, on the basis of criteria developed by American College of Rheumatology along with sex matched controls. Details of history and examination were recorded on Performa. Patients were examined for signs and symptoms of possible Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) dysfunctions. Result: 50 individuals were include in this study which were grouped into Study group (Group – A) and Control group (Group – B). Group – A consisted of 25 individuals who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis on basis of criteria developed by American College of Rheumatology. Group – B consisted of 25 healthy individuals not on any medication as to explain normal changes. The 30:15 ratio and valsalva maneuver demonstrated a less decrease but was non-significant statistically in the patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis as compared to control (p>0.05). On standing the blood pressure response the change in diastolic blood pressure was significantly (P<0.01) lower in groups A as compared to control. Conclusion: Cardiovascular autonomic function tests in routine clinical examination helpful in early detection of autonomic dysfunction in this disease. Further comprehensive information are useful about autonomic function may be extracted from global evaluation of all tests performed. Therefore testing of autonomic function may be the part of routine clinical evaluation in RA to reduce the cardiovascular autonomic morbidity.
Effect of t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) Gene on Proliferation and Apoptosis of SGC 7901 Gastric Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Zhou Hai-Bo , Ma Wang-Qian , Shao Li-Ming
Published: March 2019

Objective: To investigate the effect of t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) gene on proliferation and apoptosis 0f SGC 7901 gastric cancer cell line Methods: Gastric cancer cell line SGC 7901 cells were selected to transfect t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) gene. MRNA levels of t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) in each group were regulated after 24, 48 and 72h byRT- PCR. Cell proliferation was determined MTT assay. The apoptosis status of the SGC 7901 cells was detected TUNEL method. Immunohistochemical staining evaluated the expression of apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and Bax. Results: The MTT assay showed that t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) decreased the proliferation of SGC 7901 cells. TUNEL method detected t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) could improve apoptosis of SGC 7901 cells. In addition, t (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) could improve the expression of apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of apoptotic gene Bax. Conclusion: T (11; 19) (q23; p13.1) gene can inhibit gastric cancer cell proliferation and improve apoptosis of gastric cancer cell.
Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section in a Jehovah’s Witness with Antepartum Haemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Okubuiro Eze Onyegbule , Okoli Chinwe Edith
Published: March 2019

FN, a 29-year-old gravida 3 Para 2+2 female (with no live child), member of Jehovah’s Witness sect had emergency Caesarean section under general anaesthesia with endotrachael intubation for abruptio placentae at 35 weeks of gestation.

Preoperative and postoperative packed cell volume (PCV) was 28% and 9% respectively. She received erythropoietin and iron dextran infusions. Patient developed anaemic heart failure on 3rd post-operative day which was managed successfully. She recovered completely and was discharged home on the 28th post-operative day. Management dilemmas specific to the Jehovah’s Witness parturient with abruptio placentae are discussed.
The Profile of Syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Street Children at Home Shelter of Social Services in Medan
Authors: Gemala Rabiah , Hutapea Richard , Nadeak Kristina
Published: March 2019

Background: Syphilis and HIV infection have similar ways of transmission, therefore these infections can affect similar patient groups and co-infection is common. Street children are very susceptible to sexual transmitted infection and HIV due to their lack of protection and care from their parents and also they often use addictive substances. Aim: To find out the profile of syphilis and HIV infection in street children at home shelter of social services in Medan. Subject and method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 50 street children at home shelter of social services in Medan. We did serologic examinations (VDRL/TPHA and HIV) to all of the subjects. Results: In this study, from 50 subjects, most of them were 14 – 18 years old (86.0%), male (98.0%) with the highest level of education was junior high school (52.0%). There were three children (6.0%) with syphilis, all of them were 14 – 18 years old, males with the highest level of education was junior high school. Five children (10.0%) were positive HIV, all of them were males and 14 – 18 years old. There was one child (2.0%) with syphilis and HIV co-infection. Conclusion: Most of street children in home shelter of social services in Medan were 14 – 18 years old, male, with the highest level of education was junior high school. Proportion of syphilis in this study was 6.0% and HIV 10.0%. Syphilis and HIV co-infection was found 2.0% in this study.
Efficacy and Safety for the Combination of Levosalbutamol, Ambroxol and Guaifenesin for the Symptomatic Treatment of Productive Cough: Phase IV Clinical Trial
Authors: Kiran Dr. Mayuresh Dilip , Pawaskar Lalit Jeevan , Sheikh Shaheen Naseem
Published: March 2019

Background: Cough is one of the most common symptom that most of the Doctors faces while practising in paediatric population. Cough can be productive or unproductive. Productive cough can be treated with the combination of bronchodilator, expectorant and mucolytics. The main objective of the Phase IV clinical trial conducted was to test the efficacy and safety for the combination of Levosalbutamol (bronchodilator), Ambroxol Hydrochloride (mucolytic agent) and Guaifenesin (expectorant) for the treatment of productive cough associated with bronchospasm in conditions such as bronchitis and bronchial asthma as well as all conditions associated with tenacious mucus, wheezing and chest congestion. Methodology: The trial was conducted with 23 paediatric speciality Doctors on 325 patients out of which 149 patients were of age group 2 to 12 years and 176 were of age below 1 year. Efficacy assessment was done by analysing the cough severity score at all the visits. Safety assessment was done by analysing the adverse events experienced by the patients or observed by the investigators at all the visits. Results: At baseline, CSS was 6.624 reduced to 3.744 at day 3 and 1.049 at day 5. One point reduction in Likert type symptom scale from moderate to mild was in just 5 days. Only 12.923 % of patients experienced non-serious adverse events. Conclusion: Combination of Levosalbutamol, Ambroxol Hydrochloride and Guaifenesin was safe as well as efficacious for the treatment of productive cough.
To Compare the Supraclavicular and Infraclavicular Approaches of Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgery Using 0.05mg of Dexmedetomidine and 30ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine
Authors: Kaur Dr. Balwinder , Grewal Dr Tejinderpal Kaur , Aggarwal Dr. Shelly
Published: March 2019

Purpose: This prospective study is to compare the supraclavicular and infraclavicular approaches of brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery using 0.05mg of dexmedetomidine and 30ml of 0.5% ropivacaine. Method:  This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Govt. Medical College, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala on sixty patients in two groups (group S and group I) of 30 each of 18 to 65 yrs of age of either sex of ASA grade I or II scheduled for upper limb surgery. In both supraclavicular and infraclavicular approach the drug injected was 30ml of 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.05mg of dexmedetomidine. Result: We found that in patients with comparable demographic parameters there was no statistically significant difference in hemodynamic parameters, onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia and patient satisfaction score between the groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the quality of block in either group. No episode of pneumothorax, Horner’s syndrome or local anaesthesia toxicity occurred in any of the group. Accidental vascular puncture occurred in four out of thirty patients in supraclavicular group and none in infraclavicular group. Conclusion: This study concluded that infraclavicular approach is more safe than supraclavicular approach in upper limb surgeries (elbow proximally to hand distally).
A Rare Case of Giant Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Thymus Treated with EN Bloc Resection
Authors: Fracasso João Isidro , Albuquerque Antônio Benincá , Rovani André Luca Boeira , Maroni Larissa , De Macedo Guilherme Baroni , Priori Leonardo , Dal'Maso Vinícius Buaes , Simon Tiago Teixeira , Braghini Pedro Moacir Braghirolli , Beltrame Cássia
Published: March 2019

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are epithelial neoplasms with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation that arise in most organs of the body. Neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus (tNET) and mediastinum are very uncommon. We report the case of a 49-year-old male patient with neuroendocrine tumor of the thymus, superiorly in the anterior mediastinum, asymptomatic of the respiratory tract presenting with epigastric pain, treated with the lesion's surgical resection en bloc associated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Effectiveness of Small-bore Ambulatory Pleural Drain in Treatment of Pneumothorax and Haemothorax
Authors: E. Ekpe E. , F. Uduma , V. Umoh , M. C. Ikpe , S. C. Eyo , A. F. Akpan
Published: March 2019

Background: Pleural drainage is a life-saving procedure that is commonly performed to evacuate pleural collection of air or liquid from traumatic or non-traumatic causes. The pleural tube drain is commonly connected to underwater seal bottle thereby limiting the movement of the patients with attendant risks of immobilisation. There are reports of pleural drainages utilising small bore pleural drains attached to drainage bag and asserted to be as effective as large bore thoracic catheter connected to underwater seal bottle. In addition to the reported effectiveness of small bore ambulatory pleural drainage, the risks of prolonged immobilisation are mitigated, and there is saving of costs. Literature search has not revealed any comparison of the two pleural drainage systems in Nigeria, hence this index study. Objective: To compare the pleural drainage characteristics of small bore pleural drains attached to drainage bag with those of large bore thoracic catheters connected to underwater seal bottle in the management pneumothorax and haemothorax. Results: Among patients with pneumothorax, 66.7% of conventional group and 100% of small bore group regained normal respiratory rate before removal o pleural drain, although at 30 days post drainage check all n the two groups were normal. Using oxygen saturation (SpO2), conventional drainage system was initially better (66.7% vs 25% p<0.0001), later inferior (83.3% vs 100%), and finally same at follow-up (100% vs 100%). Lung re-expansion was also initially better in the conventional drainage group at 30 minutes following commencement of pleural drainage than in the small bore pleural drain group (66.7% vs 50.0%), but afterward became complete in all patients in the two groups before removal of pleural drain and at 30 days follow up. Duration of pleural drainage and length of hospitalisation were shorter in more patients in the small bore group than in the large bore group (p=0.571). In the patients with haemothorax, there was no statistically significant difference in any outcome measure among the groups. Conclusion: The use of small bore pleural drains was as equally effective as the use of large bore chest tubes in the management of pneumothorax and haemothorax.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Impact of Maternal Blood Sugar Level and BMI on Foetal Birth Weight
Authors: Deka Dr. Bipul Prasad , Begum Dr. Dimpy
Published: March 2019

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degrees with an onset, or first recognized, during pregnancy. About 15-45% of babies born to diabetic mothers can have macrosomia. This prospective case control study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Gauhati medical college and hospital, Guwahati, Assam during the period of 2013-2015. A total of 160 patients were included in the study. 100 patients without any glucose abnormality were taken as control and 60 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were included in the study as cases. In this study it was found that mean birth weight in GDM cases is more than normoglycemic control. The overweight and obesity group (BMI>25) have maximum birth weight. In this study it was found that the fasting blood glucose level is maximum in mothers with baby birth weight >3.5 kg.
Determinants of Infant Mortality in Samdrup Jongkhar District, Bhutan
Authors: Pokhrel Hari Prasad , Gyeltshen Dawa , . Tsheten , Sharma Tulsi Ram , Tshewang Pema , Dorji Kezang , Yangzom Dema
Published: March 2019

Samdrup Jongkhar district has reported an increasing trend in infant mortality rates over the recent years. This study aimed to identify its determinants. A population based case-control study was conducted in May 2018. Case group comprised of 79 infants who died between 1st January 2015-30th April 2018 while 158 living children born during the same period and residing closest to the home where infant mortality occurred were recruited as controls. Premature new-borns and those with low birth weight were 5.9 times and 4.1 times more likely to die respectively. New-borns whose mother received better ante-natal and post-natal care were more likely to survive. Over 50% of the deaths occurred at home and around two-thirds of deaths occurred during the post-natal period. Implementing a multi-stakeholder collaborative approach including local leaders, village health workers and religious leaders would be useful in reassuring parents to seek early medical care during childhood illness.
Histopathological Assessment of Orchidectomy Specimens in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Latheef Dr. Ali Abdul , Nayak Dr. Ramdas , Nuzhath Dr. Taqiya , Shetty Dr Priyanka P. , Nair Dr. Vineeth G.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Orchidectomy is a medical procedure to remove one or both testicles in males.The testis can be removed for torsion/infarction,infection,therapeutic castration for prostate cancer,cryptorchidism and tumor.In our study we did a histomorphological study these lesions which is a rare surgery other than  therapeutic purpose. Aims & Objectives: The aim of our study was to emphasise the clinical, radiological and histomorphological features of the rare orchiectomy procedure in various conditions of testis and to find out the clinical relevance. Materials & Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective analysis done for 18 months (January 2016-June 2017). All orchidectomy specimens received in the Department of Pathology were analyzed with respect to clinical indications,radiology,morphology and microscopic features. Results: Out of a total of 23 orchidectomy cases 16 were unilateral and 7 bilateral.Most common age group was 50 to 70 years(13).The youngest and eldest patients were 6 & 89 years respectively.The most common etiology was therapeutic(7 cases of carcinoma prostate ), torsion in 6,epididymo-orchitis in 3,benign tumours in 2,inflammtory causes in 3 and one case of cryptorchidism. Conclusion: Our study helped us to assess and evaluate the clinical relevance of orchidectomy by histomorphological study of these lesions and to defer the procedure in certain non-tumoral cases for the benefit of the patient.
Alpha Fetoprotein as a Marker of Severe Disease and Foetal Outcome in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Olumodeji Ayokunle Moses , Adewara Olumide Emmanuel , Adeyemo Olabisi Timothy , Ghazali Segun Murtala , Olowoyo Paul
Published: March 2019

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension represents the most common medical complication of pregnancy and contributes significantly to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Many theories have been implicated in its genesis, crucial among which is the defective 2nd wave of trophoblastic invasion/placentation. Maternal serum alpha fetoprotein is a marker of placental abnormalities and may correlate with clinical features of significant management implications. This study evaluated the role of maternal Alpha-fetoprotein concentration as a marker of disease severity and foetal outcome in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a prospective study in which 44 patients with PIH and 88 matched controls that satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited using convenience sampling technique for cases and systematic random sampling for controls. Relevant socio-demographic, maternal medical and obstetric characteristics, alpha-fetoprotein levels and fetal outcome measures were obtained. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. SPSS 20.0 statistical package (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of PIH in the study was 15.3%. The difference in the mean (±2SD) serum level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) between the cases (207±156.2ng/ml) and control group (165.2±115.1ng/ml) was not statistically significant (p=0.079). The mean (±2SD) birth weight of babies born to women with PIH in this study was 2.7±0.6kg which was significantly lower (p<0.001; 95%CI 3.0 – 3.1)) than the mean birth weights of 3.2±0.4kg of babies of normotensive controls. The mean (± 2SD) Apgar scores at both 1 minute and 5 minutes were both significantly lower in the PIH group (6.7±1.8 and 8.4±1.5 respectively) than among the normotensive women (7.6±1.2 and 8.9±1.1 respectively). Thirty-one point eight percentage of babies born to women in the PIH group and 11.4% of babies of normotensive controls required admission into special care baby unit (SCBU) (Odds Ratio=1.17; 95%CI (0.24-5.76) Serum AFP had a reasonable negative correlation with both birth weight (r=-0.47, p=0.001) and Apgar score at 5 minute (r=-0.44, p=0.002). At 2 MoM serum AFP level, sensitivity and specificity for severe PIH were 36% and 90% respectively. Conclusion: Maternal serum AFP levels showed reasonable positive correlation with disease severity and adverse fetal outcome that warrants further investigation. Maternal serum AFP can be useful in identifying pregnant women with PIH at risk of having severe disease and adverse foetal outcome.
Beyond PaO2: Relationships between Indices of Pulmonary Oxygen Transfer in Hospitalized Adults Undergoing Blood Gas Testing
Authors: Feldman, MD Mark , Rebel, BS, RRT Denise
Published: March 2019

The arterial partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood reveals limited information about pulmonary oxygen transfer. In 989 hospitalized patients undergoing arterial blood gas testing, we compared conventional indices of oxygen transfer: (1) P(A-a) O2 (A-a); (2) PaO2/PAO2 (a/A); and (3) the P/F ratio Nine hundred twenty-five of the patients were receiving supplemental oxygen therapy (FIO2 .24-1.00) and 65 were breathing room air. In patients receiving supplemental O2, the a/A ratio closely correlated with the P/F ratio (r = .98 to .99); the A-a O2 difference did not correlate as closely with the a/A ratio (r = -.77 to -.85) or with the P/F ratio (r = -.72 to -.80). In those breathing room air (FIO2 .21), the a/A ratio was closely and inversely correlated with the A-a difference (r= -.97 to -.98); correlations between the a/A and P/F ratios (r=.88 to .89) and between the P/F ratio and A-a O2 difference (r = -.78 to -.79) were less robust. We conclude that the a/A ratio is the preferred oxygen transfer parameter over the wide range of FIO2 levels encountered clinically.
Twenty Challenging Minutes to Take the Right Decision
Authors: Shetty Dr. Priyanka P , Naik Dr. Ramadas , Nair Dr Vineeth G. , Sudhakar Dr Shubha , Latheef Dr Ali Abdul
Published: March 2019

Background: The diagnostic accuracy of frozen section is an important source of information and a high risk procedure in surgical pathology. This is an important tool, not only in the management of surgical patients but also has a pivotal role in institution’s quality assurance in histopathology. Aims and objectives: To analyze indications, efficacy, accuracy, limitations, deferrals and turnaround time for all frozen sections in correlation with histopathology. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of all the frozen samples was done in correlation with permanent sections from June 2016 till July 2017. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, turnaround time, deferrals and limitations were analysed. Results: A total of 45 specimens for frozen sections were sent to the department of Pathology during the time period. Out of these, 97.8% (n=44) were accepted and 2.2% (n=1) were deferred. Of the remaining 44 specimens, 1 (2.3%) was discordant and 43 (97.7%) were concordant to permanent diagnoses. Specimens were primarily from the ovary, breast and lymph nodes. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the frozen section compared to formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections (as gold standard) were 97.7%, 100%, 100% and 100% respectively. The average turn-around time for frozen section diagnosis was 23 minutes. Conclusion:  Frozen section diagnosis is an efficient, rapid, reliable and highly accurate tool in surgical diagnosis and management. The multidisciplinary approach helped avoiding limitations ensuring optimal patient care.
Investigation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Development in Terms of Urea, Creatinine and Some Blood Parameters in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Akduman Seha
Published: March 2019

Aim: In this retrospective crossectional study, it was aimed to evaluate the development of COPD in terms of urea, creatinine and some blood parameters in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Method: Patients who were admitted to Kadıköy Medicana Hospital between 12.10.2017 and 12.10.2018 with respiratory complaints and has COPD diagnosis for the first time were evaluated retrospectively. Among the 845 patients admitted to the clinic for a one-year period, 160 patients with the diagnosis of COPD for the first time and 42 patients with a history of allergic rhinitis were subjected. The study group consisted of 63 patients with COPD who were diagnosed as COPD for the first time but without allergic rhinitis and 57 allergic rhinitis patients with no diagnosis of COPD.

Findings: CRP, urea, WBC and neutrophil levels were higher in COPD group; creatinine and eisonofil levels were higher in COPD-Allergic rhinitis group and HGB was higher in the allergic rhinitis group. The differences between CRP and urea levels of COPD and allergic rhinitis group were statistically significant (p <0.05). The urea values were significantly different between COPD + allergic rhinitis and COPD groups (p <0.05). According to the results of ROC analysis, the value of urea for the COPD + allergic rhinitis group was statistically insignificant (p> 0.05), whereas it was statistically significant for the allergic rhinitis group (p <0.05).

Conclusion: In detecting the difference between allergic rhinitis and COPD associated allergic rhinitis, urea levels may have a diagnostic value. An increase in urea in patients with allergic rhinitis may indicate comorbid COPD.
STANDARDIZATION AS A FACTOR OF REDUCING CREDIT RISKS OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS
Authors: Ushanov Aleksandr Evgenievich
Published: March 2019

Investment bank lending to enterprises of the real sector of the economy is an important source of long-term financial resources, a necessary condition for the progressive, innovative development of the economy. The increase of credit debt by14.3% for a period of 1-3 years and by 21.2% for a period of more than 3 years in the last time is the evidence of emerging positive course in the volume of financing of investment projects of companies. There have been given data on weighted average interest rates of banks on lending and deposit operations in January and May in 2018. Despite the positive dynamics of the volume of long-term lending to the real sector of the economy by Russian commercial banks, there are still factors constraining this process: specific risks inherent in this product line, as well as management errors in the evaluation of investment projects. The risks include the factors related to the prospects of development of the borrower's business, the future state of the industry. Management errors include insufficient consideration of the impact of macroeconomic factors (inflation, etc.), incorrect calculations of the initiators' participation in the project, etc. It has been stated that risks and errors can be minimized by using a process approach to management, in which each structural unit of the credit institution ensures implementation of specific business processes, in which it participates. It has been inferred that one of the effective ways to improve the business process of lending to investment projects in order to reduce transaction risks is its standardization. There have been listed several quality standards of banking processes approved by the Association of Russian Banks. It has been proposed to introduce the Standard of the process of lending investment projects into the practice of banks. There has been worked out the matrix of requirements for the components of the process reflecting the content of the current practice of leading credit institutions working in the field of investment lending.
ARCHITECTURE OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCIES AT HIGH-TECH ENTERPRISES
Authors: Yatsenko Viktoria Viktorovna , Falco Sergey Grigorievich
Published: March 2019

The article describes the use of the competence approach in management practice, its connection with the acceleration of innovation processes, complexity of the applied technologies, flexibility in a dynamic external environment, when not only the availability of resources becomes important, but also the possibility of using them to ensure the sustainability and competitiveness of the organization. The analysis proves the complexity, multiplicity and interdisciplinarity of the concepts associated with the competence approach and classification of competencies, as well as with the absence of industry specificity in the construction of a typology of competencies. The high-tech products production requires going beyond the enterprise, since it is necessary to combine the efforts of several teams and even organizations to create complex innovative products. For the development of high-tech solutions, the search and integration of both internal and external capabilities becomes necessary. The high-tech innovative potential enterprises are based on the most sophisticated equipment and high technologies, highly skilled labor resources. Therefore, the task of forming and developing staff competencies at high-tech enterprises is becoming urgent. There have been listed consistent tendencies of using the concept of “competency”, pointed out the key features of competencies: flexibility and changeability, orientation toward executing functional (professional) tasks, dependency on a person’s motivations and values. There are discussed the traditional approaches to the typology of staff competencies. The architecture of competencies proposes taking into account the requirements for high-tech enterprises staff knowledge, skills and abilities. The rationale for identifying a special group of system competencies is given.
Sobre su cadáver: diplomacia entre México y Estados Unidos, y la ejecución de Maximiliano de Habsburgo en México, 19 de junio de 1867
Authors: Sweeney Lean
Published: March 2019

El 19 junio de 1867, ante un pelotón de fusilamiento en el cerro de Las Campanas, Querétaro, el Archiduque Maximiliano de Habsburgo es ejecutado por presidente mexicano Benito Juárez. Sin embargo, más que representar uno de los episodios más claros de los triunfos nacionalistas del siglo xix sobre el imperialismo y el dominio dinástico, este acontecimiento ha sido más comúnmente recordado como el telón sombrío de la dramática vida personal y política de Maximiliano. El artículo argumenta que a pesar de sus intenciones, Juárez no cimentó su legitimidad como líder de México al frente de los Republicanos con la ejecución de Maximiliano, sino a pesar de la misma.  En vez de señalar la autoridad y justicia de los republicanos triunfantes, la ejecución incrementó la poca relevancia de Maximiliano y del apoyo de Estados Unidos en la historia nacional de México. En tal contexto, la ejecución, el cadáver y la memoria de Maximiliano dieron luz a una narrativa distinta de la del triunfo del nacionalismo mexicano. En ésta, Maximiliano se vuelve símbolo de las tragedias de guerra y la inmortalidad del legado real, imagen que ignoraba las intenciones propagandísticas de Juárez, así como los "republicanos radicales" de Estados Unidos. El trabajo se basa en los registros del juicio de Maximiliano de Habsburgo, la defensa que Juárez hace de la ejecución, la correspondencia diplomática dentro de Estados Unidos y entre los estadistas mexicanos y estadounidenses, los registros del Congreso de Estados Unidos y las respuestas populares en la prensa y la fotografía. Este estudio ofrece una visión única de las relaciones Estados Unidos-México con implicaciones para los estudios del imperio del siglo xix y la construcción de la nación en general.
Dos comunicaciones de James Leander Cathcart a Pablo Obregón. Sobre un proyecto para iniciar las relaciones entre México y Berbería (1826)
Authors: Narváez Roberto
Published: March 2019

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Historicidad textual y tradiciones culturales con especial referencia a las disposiciones legislativas en México
Authors: Vázquez Laslop María Eugenia
Published: March 2019

El historiador suele acudir a fuentes textuales para configurar un corpus de datos históricos, según sus objetivos y métodos de investigación y, aunque en cierta medida se tiene consciencia de que las fuentes tienen su propia historia, el estudio histórico de las propiedades y formas discursivas como tales ha recaído, sobre todo, en disciplinas como la Filología, la Literatura, la Retórica, la Diplomática, la Ecdótica, la Paleografía y la Lingüística. Se reflexiona acerca de la historicidad de las tradiciones textuales y su relación con la historicidad de otras tradiciones culturales, como la jurídica, desde la visión de la teoría de las tradiciones discursivas desarrollada por los discípulos del lingüista Eugenio Coseriu. Se destaca que los ritmos históricos de unas y otras tradiciones culturales pueden ser asincrónicos y que los moldes lingüísticos suelen ser mucho más conservadores que los de otras tradiciones culturales. Tomo como ejemplo las tradiciones textuales de las disposiciones legislativas en México (siglos XVI al XXI) y su relación con las tradiciones jurídicas que las han generado. Se discute cómo interpretar históricamente las tradiciones jurídicas y su relación con las textuales, según la hermenéutica y la historia conceptual y de los estratos del tiempo de Reinhart Koselleck.
The Paradigm Shifts of Community Governance in China
Authors: Arcuri Graig , Jing Chaoliang
Published: March 2019

This paper provides a description of the community governance paradigm shifts in China over the past 4 decades. By taking a historical review of Chinese tradition in community governance, a brief history of the transformation of property rights in the former Soviet Bloc, plus a theoretical analysis from the perspective of social physics, this study clarifies the inherent logic for the community governance evolution across China. The influence that ancient dynasties, up to 1949, exerted upon the modern community governance has been large, which has formed certain social governance inertia. However, there have emerged many new forms of power among which the homeowners are the strongest group to demand more autonomy. By using a social physics framework, this article sheds light on the ongoing tension between the traditional inertia and the emerging trend of autonomy in real estate. Furthermore, the logic could be employed for predicting the future community governance style in China.
Dependent versus state-permeated capitalism: two basic options for emerging markets
Authors: Nölke Andreas
Published: March 2019

Can comparative capitalism (CC) assist us in understanding both the rise and the current challenges of emerging market capitalism? This article applies analytical instruments developed in CC scholarship on emerging markets to address this question. During the last two decades, CC scholarship – defined by common features such as the emphasis on institutional contexts that are sticky and most important at the national level – has evolved considerably. This contribution to the third generation of this scholarship highlights the degree of international economic integration as the central strategic choice to be faced by emerging economies. It does so by systematically comparing dependent market economies of East Central Europe with the state-permeated economies of China, India and Brazil. The core finding is that both types of capitalism have been able to mobilize substantial institutional complementarities during the last three decades but will face considerable economic and political challenges in the years ahead.
The Analysis of Institutional Environment in the Area of Product Market Competition in the New EU Member States: What Do the Data Say About the Models of Capitalism Emerging in the CEE Countries?
Authors: Próchniak Mariusz
Published: March 2019

The paper analyzes the institutional architecture and the effects of product market competition in 11 countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The aim of the research was to find out how similar or dissimilar are the CEE countries in the area of product market competition compared with the four models of capitalism prevailing in Western Europe: the Anglo-Saxon (liberal) model (the UK), the continental model (Germany), the Scandinavian (Nordic) model (Sweden), and the Mediterranean one (Spain). The research method involves calculations of the coefficients of similarity and the analysis of polygons, being the extension of our own concept of the hexagons of similarity. The dynamic approach adopted in this study allows to examine the path dependence in order to assess how the institutional environment evolved over time. The analysis indicates that almost all CEE countries were the most similar to the Mediterranean model of capitalism represented by Spain. However, the variety of results for the individual variables is also a proof that the model of capitalism prevailing in CEE in the area of product market competition may be called a patchwork capitalism.
Vergabeverfahren für die Prozessberichterstattung
Authors: Göths Steffen
Published: March 2019

Der Prozess gegen die Mitglieder und Unterstützer der rechtsterroristischen Vereinigung Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund sorgte seit seinem Beginn 2013 für großes öffentliches Interesse. Umso mehr gerieten die vom verantwortlichen Oberlandesgericht München angewandten Verfahren zur Vergabe von Plätzen für Journalist*innen im Gerichtssaal in die Kritik und führten zu mehreren Klagen vor dem Bundesverfassungsgericht, da bestimmte Ansprüche an Gerichtsöffentlichkeit als nicht erfüllt betrachtet wurden. Anlässlich des Prozessendes im Juli 2018 stellt dieser Artikel Überlegungen zu normativen demokratie- und öffentlichkeitstheoretischen Ansprüchen an solche Verfahren an und prüft die verwandten Verfahren an diesen Ansprüchen. Dabei steht auch die Abwägung zwischen verschiedenen, sich gegebenenfalls widersprechenden Ansprüchen im Fokus. Am Ende steht die Schlussfolgerung, dass die angewandten Verfahren den Ansprüchen im Fall des "First come, first serve" nicht, im Fall des Losverfahren in Ansätzen gerecht werden.
Diseño e implementación de un prototipo de electroeyaculador escalable para uso en más de una especie
Authors: Molina Mosquera Julián , Polo Caquimbo Carolina , Tovar Clavijo Mayra Alejandra
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo describe la realización de un prototipo electrónico que facilita la aplicación de la técnica de electroeyaculación, la cual emplea estímulos eléctricos para producir una erección y posterior eyaculación del animal sobre el cual se efectúa el procedimiento, propiciando la preservación de material genético de alta calidad. Éste prototipo está constituido por una fuente generadora de impulsos eléctricos, con valores de frecuencia y voltaje específicos para cada especie. Su funcionamiento se basa en la aplicación de un estímulo a través de un transductor que consiste en un dispositivo de forma anular de proporciones requeridas según la especie y que mediante electrodos permite el paso dela energía eléctrica para provocar estímulos, ocasionando la eyaculación del animal.
Identificación de cartas dinagráficas de fondo mediante el uso de redes neuronales como herramienta de ayuda en el bombeo mecánico
Authors: Salgado José , Bernal Hugo , Zambrano Alexander , Romero Fauricio , Franco Leonardo , Pérez Carlos
Published: March 2019

La acertada identificación de problemas de fondo es esencial en el bombeo mecánico para lograr una producción óptima y reducir los costos de operación y mantenimiento. Es necesario desarrollar y aplicar metodologías que permitan identificar de forma rápida problemas que puedan afectar la operación. La condición mecánica y desempeño del equipo de fondo (sarta de varillas, bomba, válvulas, etc.) y las propiedades físicas del pozo, como sumergencia de la bomba, interferencia de gas y fugas en las bombas, pueden ser evaluadas utilizando cartas dinagráficas. En este trabajo se presenta una metodología de análisis de fallas y condiciones de operación del sistema de bombeo, que incluye el desarrollo de un software de análisis basado enredes neuronales para identificar problemas en el sistema usando dinagramas de fondo. El sistema desarrollado permitió identificar un conjunto de los problemas más comunes con una alta precisión y es una herramienta que podría asistir a ingenieros y personal de operaciones en los trabajos diarios en sistemas de bombeo mecánico. Adicionalmente, fue desarrollada una funcionalidad básica para identificar las cartas más cercanas de acuerdo a características estadísticas y geométricas, la cual puede ser usada como punto de partida para desarrollar un sistema inteligente para predecir potenciales fallas a futuro.
Procesamiento de video embebido usando el microcontrolador ATXMEGA32A4
Authors: Mosquera Cerquera Vladimir , Roa Daza Eduardo , Rivera Lizcano Miguel Ricardo
Published: March 2019

Este artículo presenta el diseño e implementación de un sistema de procesamiento de video embebido usando el microcontrolador ATXMEGA32A4. Para la captura del video, el diseño presentado usa una cámara de video analógica similar a las cámaras de seguridad con formato de video NTSC y salida RCA. Usando el dispositivo decodificador de video TVPS146M2 y el microcontrolador ATXMEGA32A4, se digitaliza la señal de video analógica y se procesa para obtener campos de imagen y almacenarlos en una memoria SRAM externa. Finalmente, se realiza un procesamiento de imágenes para la detección de movimiento basados en un algoritmo que compara los campos de imagen almacenados en la memoria SRAM.
The Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the problematic transition to the presidential system in Turkey A vision in analyzing political reality and facing challenges
Authors: Kazem Ahmed Adnan , Ahmed Jassem Mohammed
Published: March 2019

The Turkish governments had witnessed dramatic changes during several decades ,So the article researched in realistic situations to estimate the contemporary events according to what happened now a days .

Therefore , many challenges must be tackled in order to assessment the political scene specially after several military intervention in political life ,So these developments required making of amendments in constitutional law to change the political system toward presidential order instead of parliamentary system , and this  was happened in constitutional amendments which hold in sixteenth of April 2017 as a result of it .

Turkish policies were stable politically and lawfully according to practicing democracy ,and it could be easily to know the nature of political participation as followed constitutionally .So the potentially strongest forces are being enabled to renew the political elites ,and the economic miracle would redistribution of roles among active actors in political life .Erdoğan's supporters point out since the attempted coup which happened in amid of July 2016 ,So the governing party and its government tried to reconstruction of trust between the peoples and political elites mutually , in order to override all challenges and to  stabilize the process of democracy
The geopolitical advantages of Arab countries and their impact on the stability of the Arab region
Authors: Shnafa Sabah Naass
Published: March 2019

The geopolitics means the linkage of geographical  elements to the act and activities of policy-making and foreign policy of a state, and the geopolitics theories associated  also with the politics of power and influence.

The Arab countries possess a unique site in the map of the world since it linked three continents ( Asia, Africa and Europe  ) ,it also overseeing universal straits(Gibralter, Aden ,Bab el Mandeb ,Hormuz and Suez Canal  ) through which 70% of the world trade is passing , besides the wealth of fertile soil and mineral and diligent  population.

The Arabs states s geopolitics needs to activate and monopolize  to  achieve   prosperity and power.

 The leaders and policy –makers  of Arab states have to reread their geography and determine the vital points of their  geopolitical  position.
Arab Regional System in the Shadow of Arab Change Movements: A Future Study
Authors: Al Ali Marwan Salem
Published: March 2019

There is no doubt in saying that the events of the Arab revolution, or the so-called media Arab Spring represents the largest shift in Arab political life since several decades. Which has become its complications and the effects of large-scale Arab regional order and his institution regulatory (League of Arab States), not to mention the effects of international. Though the cours of these revolutions and the final result has yet unknown, and unpredictable, what is absolutely clear is that it will be the important factors to reshape the political life in the Arab regional states, the expectation of a gualitative changes in the forms of ststes, and systems adjudicated. However, the current outlook on the future of the Arab regional system, in the long direct, does not look good, whether the standard is waiting for stability resident, or the return of the ability-albeit psychologically- on the expectation. Making it to be persistence in the draft comprehensive reform to keep pace with international development and there is a need to reform the Arab system and building official, after it has become reform therapy condom each is subjected to the Arab world from penetrating.. the future of the system depends on the evolution and change the units of political. If able to Arab political systems to promote democratic political institutions and expand popular participation, it will reflect positively on the performance and development of the Arab system and structure. In all cases, the League of Arab States bear mgarm Arab system and mganmh, therefore reform the university and the advancement no longer need to perpetuate Arab regime, but elevate it to respond to the will of the nation in the renaissance and unite and resist change project and retail bank and the uprooting of the root.
Religion and state in Erdogan's mind
Authors: Hazza Thaer Najrs , Khalaf Anmar Mahmoud
Published: March 2019

If there are events that confirm Samuel Huntington's argument about the clash of civilizations and Bernard Lewis's thesis on Islam, such as the establishment of the Islamic state in Iran, and the events of September 11, what all these people condone is that Islamist movements are not always an extension of fundamentalism In countries such as Turkey and Indonesia, social movements helped bring in democracy, after decades of authoritarian rule by secularist regimes backed by the army. Religious groups in these countries have participated in the transition to democracy. In Turkey, Islamist groups have fought the vessels in order to strengthen democracy, and in order to participate in the achievement of freedom of opinion and expression and the promotion of religious and human rights, and this is what he did Erdogan and his colleagues since they receive power in Turkey
Determination of Base Flipping Free Energy Landscapes from Nonequilibrium Stratification
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Sun Zhaoxi
Published: March 2019

Correct calculation of the variation of free energy upon base flipping is crucial in understanding the dynamics of DNA systems. The free energy landscape along the flipping pathway gives the thermodynamic stability and the flexibility of base-paired states. Although numerous free energy simulations are performed in the base flipping cases, no theoretically rigorous nonequilibrium techniques are devised and employed to investigate the thermodynamics of base flipping. In the current work, we report a general nonequilibrium stratification scheme for efficient calculation of the free energy landscape of base flipping in DNA duplex. We carefully monitor the convergence behavior of the equilibrium sampling based free energy simulation and the nonequilibrium stratification and determine the empirical length of time blocks required for converged sampling. Comparison between the performances of equilibrium umbrella sampling and nonequilibrium stratification is given. The results show that nonequilibrium free energy simulation is able to give similar accuracy and efficiency compared with the equilibrium enhanced sampling technique in the base flipping cases. We further test a convergence criterion we previously proposed and it comes out that the convergence behavior determined by this criterion agrees with those given by the time-invariant behavior of PMF and the nonlinear dependence of standard deviation on the sample size.