bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diretivas antecipadas de vontade: benefícios, obstáculos e limites
Authors: Nunes Maria Inês , Anjos Márcio Fabri dos
Published: August 2014

O conceito de diretivas antecipadas de vontade emergiu em resposta ao avanço tecnológico e ao tratamento médico agressivo empregados em situações ambíguas, como no caso de um prognóstico ruim. O cerne do presente documento é o exercício da autonomia do paciente. A Resolução 1.995/12 do Conselho Federal de Medicina estabelece os critérios para que qualquer pessoa - desde que maior de idade e plenamente consciente - possa definir junto ao seu médico quais os limites terapêuticos na fase final de sua vida. O documento é facultativo e poderá ser elaborado em qualquer momento da vida e da mesma maneira modificado ou revogado a qualquer tempo. Este artigo tem por propósito discorrer sobre seus benefícios, obstáculos e limites, considerando o vasto número de pesquisas realizadas sobre o tema e as experiências positivas e negativas de outros países no intuito de contribuir para a discussão de sua efetiva utilização no Brasil.
Bioética de intervenção e pedagogia da libertação: aproximações possíveis
Authors: Santos Ivone L. , Shimizu Helena E. , Garrafa Volnei
Published: August 2014

O texto analisa uma aproximação entre a bioética de intervenção - abordagem teórica proposta na Cátedra Unesco de Bioética da Universidade de Brasília - e a pedagogia da libertação, teoria emancipadora desenvolvida pelo educador brasileiro Paulo Freire. Essas perspectivas foram selecionadas porque se propõem a atuar em contextos de desigualdade social, comprometidas com as dimensões sociopolíticas nos campos da bioética e da ética, respectivamente. Ao assumir a defesa intransigente das populações vulneráveis, "oprimidas" ou excluídas, instrumentalizam o debate ético, denunciando as desigualdades e defendendo um mundo com mais qualidade de vida e justiça social. Ao ressaltar o caráter ético-político que perpassa as duas teorias, o estudo conclui que ambas apontam a solidariedade como veículo de intervenção e mobilização, o que possibilita sua utilização conjunta e somatória como ferramenta teórico-metodológica na luta pelo respeito à dignidade humana e aos direitos humanos universais.
Limitação de esforço terapêutico na pessoa com lesão encefálica grave
Authors: Gomes Henrique de Alencar , Almeida Mônica Adelaide , Matoso Terezinha Valéria Ferreira , Viana Maria Angélica Assunção , Rezende Maria Bernadete Cardoso , Bento Maíza Ângela Ferreira , Guimarães Tatiane Santos Fonseca , Alcântara Sabrina Vilane de Oliveira , Demétrio Júnior Ary , Silva Ana Paula Gomes Costa , Moreira Cibele Renata de Paula , Albergaria Daniela Simplício Vieira , Coutinho Marília Káthya , Medeiros Marli , Souza Roseli Melo Silva de , Dumont Polianna Cristina Pires
Published: August 2014

As discussões a respeito das condutas de limitação de esforço terapêutico (LET) são frequentes nas unidades de terapia intensiva e na especialidade médica oncológica e são também importantes em contextos hospitalares de internação de longa permanência para vítimas de grandes traumas e agravos que necessitam de cuidados prolongados à saúde e de reinserção social. Na prática clínica, a tomada de decisão para LET é complexa e deve envolver o indivíduo, a família e a equipe multiprofissional. O objetivo deste artigo é discorrer a respeito da LET como um abrangente processo de "adequação de medidas" por agregação consensual de fatores centrado na pessoa, pautado por intensificação dos cuidados paliativos.
Declaração de óbito: preenchimento pelo corpo clínico de um hospital universitário
Authors: Lucena Luan , Cagliari Gustavo Henrique Bocalon , Tanaka Julio , Bonamigo Elcio Luiz
Published: August 2014

Esta pesquisa analisou o preenchimento das declarações de óbito em um hospital universitário. O estudo objetivou avaliar, em prontuários médicos, as declarações de óbito dos anos 2009 e 2011 e as dificuldades dos médicos do corpo clínico em preenchê-las. Realizou-se pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionários aos médicos. Das 528 declarações de óbito analisadas, 265 (50,18%) estavam incompletamente preenchidas. Dos 34 médicos participantes, 34,14% referiram como principal dificuldade de preenchimento as mortes sem assistência médica; 26,47% consideraram ter tido um aprendizado ruim durante a graduação e somente 50% conheciam o documento que orienta o preenchimento da declaração. Como conclusão, infere-se a necessidade de aprimorar o ensino na graduação acerca da declaração de óbito, bem como incentivar a atualização médica sobre este importante aspecto.
Percepção do professor sobre o processo de alfabetização
Authors: Brambilla Luisa Helena , Júlio Ana Angélica
Published: August 2014

Este estudo procurou identificar fatores que interferem no processo de alfabetização, e como foco de atenção principal, a visão do professor sobre esse processo. A amostra constitui se de 20 professores da primeira série do ciclo básico de três escolas estaduais, situadas em duas cidades do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os professores responderam a um questionário contendo quatro questões abertas. A análise dos resultados aponta a alfabetização para o professor, fundamentalmente como uma forma de aprender a escrever. Num percentual menor, adquirir conhecimentos e ler. As dificuldades para alfabetizar não estão bem definidas para o professor, mas há uma tendência que aponta para a instituição escolar, com suas salas numerosas e no conhecimento prévio trazido pelo aluno está o elemento facilitador do processo.
As mudanças psicossociais do indivíduo na terceira idade sob a influência das relações interpessoais
Authors: Kroef Locimara Ramos
Published: August 2014

Este estudo inclui uma pesquisa com sujeitos maiores de 60 anos, participantes de três grupos de convivência para idosos na cidade de Porto Alegre/RS/ Brasil. Investigou-se como o inter-relacionamento grupal influencia nas mudanças da vida na velhice, nas relações dos grupos e dos indivíduos com a sociedade. Nestes sujeitos, constatou-se uma procura de estímulo externo (grupos) para serem socialmente reativados, cujo processo disparador foi a indignação com a solidão, improdutividade mental, física e relacional gerada pelas perdas: aposentadoria, viuvez, ausência dos filhos, etc.
Ironia e discurso feminino
Authors: Kempinska Olga Donata Guerizoli
Published: August 2014

O artigo debruça-se sobre os usos da ironia nos textos teóricos e literários escritos por mulheres. Ao investigar alguns dos textos clássicos feministas dedicados à arqueologia dos discursos sobre o gênero, por um lado, e sobre a identidade, a nacionalidade e o conhecimento, por outro, o artigo analisa o surgimento da violência no ato da degradação irônica dos valores responsáveis pelo sentido literal. Assim, de maneira mais geral, ao insistir na participação do leitor no processo de dissimulação irônica, o presente estudo busca mostrar a importância das emoções envolvidas no funcionamento da ironia. O discurso feminino revela-se, nesse sentido, um espaço de luta e de risco, investido pela intensidade e sujeito não apenas a diversos jogos do poder, como também potencialmente permeado pela agressividade.
El sexo y la norma: frente estatal, patriarcado, desposesión, colonidad
Authors: Segato Rita Laura
Published: August 2014

Paso aquí revista a los diversos efectos de la expansión e intrusión contemporáneas del frente estatal-empresarial - mediático - cristiano, siempre colonial y también para-estatal, en las comunidades indígenas del Brasil - que llamo aquí mundo-aldea - y sus consecuencias para la vida de sus mujeres. Después de este panorama, me detengo en algunos casos y ejemplos que hacen posible percibir los cambios en la mirada sobre la sexualidad y del significado y el valor dados al acceso sexual en las sociedades pre-intervención colonial y en las sociedades intervenidas por el proceso de colonización - en los países hispánicos, la sociedad criolla. La transformación del campo sexual a partir de lo que describo como la introducción de la mirada pornográfica emerge así como fulcro, eje de rotación para la mutación de un mundo en otro. Cuerpo objeto, alienado, y colonia surgen como coetáneos y afines en el nuevo orden en constante expansión. Desposesión, en este proceso, es, por lo tanto, desposesión progresiva del cuerpo y de la sexualidad.
Un bosquejo del feminismo/s peruano/s: los múltiples desafíos
Authors: Barrientos Silva Violeta , Muñoz Cabrejo Fanni
Published: August 2014

El artículo muestra las apuestas del feminismo en el Perú desde sus inicios, a partir de la lucha por el sufragio femenino, y más adelante, en la posguerra, la puesta en escena del cuerpo femenino como núcleo de una nueva forma de pensar lo político. Se muestra que es un movimiento de mujeres de sectores medios que se gesta bajo iniciativa gubernamental y con poca presencia de las corrientes de pensamiento teórico feminista europeas. Por el contrario, fue un movimiento vinculado a ideologías de izquierda aunque, paradójicamente, sus propuestas no fueron acogidas por los partidos de izquierda. En el actual contexto de cambios que se operan en el Perú, a partir de la democratización del país y con una baja institucionalidad del Estado, los feminismos - sin una aparente organicidad - se enfrentan con varios desafíos, siendo el de la capacidad de responder a la heterogeneidad de los actores emergentes el más relevante.
The market as lived experience: on the knowledge of markets in antitrust analysis
Authors: Onto Gustavo
Published: August 2014

This article describes some of the reported thoughts, anecdotal observations and analytic practices of advisors and commissioners working at the Brazilian antitrust body (CADE) regarding the markets, industries, sectors - i.e. the economic world - which they aim to understand and regulate. The activity of these professionals primarily requires an evaluation of certain market characteristics in order to establish strategies for the investigation of allegations of anti-competitive market practice and for passing judgment on administrative cases filed before the antitrust tribunal. Based on interviews with these professionals and participant observation of their analytical work, this article seeks to describe modes of knowing and conceiving markets which are parallel to the modes officially and more explicitly relied upon by antitrust bureaucrats. We present these lateral modes of knowing as a set of personal lived experiences and compare them to ethnographic practices of knowledge production, in order to reflect on the importance of lived experience in the anthropological and sociological literature on markets.
Soybean Aphid Resistance in Soybean Germplasm Accessions of Maturity Group I
Authors: Bhusal Siddhi J. , Jiang Guo‐Liang , Hesler Louis S. , Orf James H.
Published: August 2014

Soybean aphid (SA; Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a major pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America, particularly the northern United States. Identification of SA resistance in early‐maturing soybeans will facilitate development of aphid‐resistant cultivars for this region. In this study, 330 soybean germplasm accessions from Maturity Group (MG) I, along with 11 resistant or susceptible checks, were evaluated against SA in greenhouse by caged (no‐choice) and noncaged tests. Germplasm accessions that showed resistance in these tests were then tested in the field under natural infestations supplemented by artificial inoculation. In the greenhouse tests, accessions PI 189946, PI 153214, and PI 437075 exhibited low SA levels (<50 aphids plant−1 in caged test and SA score of 1.3 or less in noncaged test) similar to those on resistant checks. Six accessions (PI 378663, PI 603587A, PI 567250A, PI 603326, PI 603339A, and PI 603546A) showed moderate aphid resistance with <135 aphids plant−1 in caged and SA score of 2.3 or less in noncaged test. In the field, PI 567250A and PI 603339A performed similar to resistant checks, and PI 153214 and PI 437075 showed moderate aphid resistance. Across all three tests, PI 567250A and PI 603339A exhibited consistently low levels of aphid infestation and thus may be useful in soybean breeding as newly identified sources of SA resistance.
Leptin Is Associated With Exaggerated Brain Reward and Emotion Responses to Food Images in Adolescent Obesity
Authors: Jastreboff Ania M. , Lacadie Cheryl , Seo Dongju , Kubat Jessica , Van Name Michelle A. , Giannini Cosimo , Savoye Mary , Constable R. Todd , Sherwin Robert S. , Caprio Sonia , Sinha Rajita
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE

In the U.S., an astonishing 12.5 million children and adolescents are now obese, predisposing 17% of our nation’s youth to metabolic complications of obesity, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adolescent obesity has tripled over the last three decades in the setting of food advertising directed at children. Obese adults exhibit increased brain responses to food images in motivation-reward pathways. These neural alterations may be attributed to obesity-related metabolic changes, which promote food craving and high-calorie food (HCF) consumption. It is not known whether these metabolic changes affect neural responses in the adolescent brain during a crucial period for establishing healthy eating behaviors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Twenty-five obese (BMI 34.4 kg/m2, age 15.7 years) and fifteen lean (BMI 20.96 kg/m2, age 15.5 years) adolescents underwent functional MRI during exposure to HCF, low-calorie food (LCF), and nonfood (NF) visual stimuli 2 h after isocaloric meal consumption.

RESULTS

Brain responses to HCF relative to NF cues increased in obese versus lean adolescents in striatal-limbic regions (i.e., putamen/caudate, insula, amygdala) (P < 0.05, family-wise error [FWE]), involved in motivation-reward and emotion processing. Higher endogenous leptin levels correlated with increased neural activation to HCF images in all subjects (P < 0.05, FWE).

CONCLUSIONS

This significant association between higher circulating leptin and hyperresponsiveness of brain motivation-reward regions to HCF images suggests that dysfunctional leptin signaling may contribute to the risk of overconsumption of these foods, thus further predisposing adolescents to the development of obesity and T2D.
Cold Start Emissions of Spark-Ignition Engines at Low Ambient Temperatures as an Air Quality Risk
Authors: Bielaczyc Piotr , Szczotka Andrzej , Woodburn Joseph
Published: August 2014

SI engines are highly susceptible to excess emissions when started at low ambient temperatures. This phenomenon has multiple air quality and climate forcing implications. Direct injection petrol engines feature a markedly different fuelling strategy, and so their emissions behaviour is somewhat different from indirect injection petrol engines. The excess emissions of direct injection engines at low ambient temperatures should also differ. Additionally, the direct injection fuel delivery process leads to the formation of PM, and DISI engines should show greater PM emissions at low ambient temperatures. This study reports on laboratory experiments quantifying excess emissions of gaseous and solid pollutants over a legislative driving cycle following cold start at a low ambient temperature for both engine types. Over the legislative cycle for testing at -7°C (the UDC), emissions of HC, CO, NOx and CO2 were higher when tested at -7°C than at 24°C. Massive increases in emissions of HC and CO were observed, together with more modest increases in NOx and CO2 emissions. Results from the entire driving cycle showed excess emissions in both phases (though they were much larger for the UDC). The DISI vehicle showed lower increases in fuel consumption than the port injected vehicles, but greater increases in emission of HC and CO. DISI particle number emissions increased by around 50%; DISI particle mass by over 600%. The observed emissions deteriorations varied somewhat by engine type and from vehicle to vehicle. Excesses were greatest following start-up, but persisted, even after several hundred seconds’ driving. The temperature of the intake air appeared to have a limited but signiﬁcant effect on emissions after the engine has been running for some time. All vehicles tested here comfortably met the relevant EU limits, providing further evidence that these limits are no longer challenging and need updating.
Recent key technical barriers in solid oxide fuel cell technology
Authors: Milewski Jarosław , Budzianowski Wojciech
Published: August 2014

High-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are considered as suitable components of future large-scale clean and efficient power generation systems. However, at its current stage of development some technical barriers exists which limit SOFC’s potential for rapid large-scale deployment. The present article aims at providing solutions to key technical barriers in SOFC technology. The focus is on the solutions addressing thermal resistance, fuel reforming, energy conversion efficiency, materials, design, and fuel utilisation issues.
Determination of transient fluid temperature using the inverse method
Authors: Jaremkiewicz Magdalena
Published: August 2014

This paper proposes an inverse method to obtain accurate measurements of the transient temperature of fluid. A method for unit step and linear rise of temperature is presented. For this purpose, the thermometer housing is modelled as a full cylindrical element (with no inner hole), divided into four control volumes. Using the control volume method, the heat balance equations can be written for each of the nodes for each of the control volumes. Thus, for a known temperature in the middle of the cylindrical element, the distribution of temperature in three nodes and heat flux at the outer surface were obtained. For a known value of the heat transfer coefficient the temperature of the fluid can be calculated using the boundary condition. Additionally, results of experimental research are presented. The research was carried out during the start-up of an experimental installation, which comprises: a steam generator unit, an installation for boiler feed water treatment, a tray-type deaerator, a blow down flashvessel for heat recovery, a steam pressure reduction station, a boiler control system and a steam header made of martensitic high alloy P91 steel. Based on temperature measurements made in the steam header using the inverse method, accurate measurements of the transient temperature of the steam were obtained. The results of the calculations are compared with the real temperature of the steam, which can be determined for a known pressure and enthalpy.
Exergy analysis of the performance of low-temperature district heating system with geothermal heat pump
Authors: Sekret Robert , Nitkiewicz Anna
Published: August 2014

Exergy analysis of low temperature geothermal heat plant with compressor and absorption heat pump was carried out. In these two concepts heat pumps are using geothermal water at 19.5 oC with spontaneous outflow 24 m3/h as a heat source. The research compares exergy efficiency and exergy destruction of considered systems and its components as well. For the purpose of analysis, the heating system was divided into five components: geothermal heat exchanger, heat pump, heat distribution, heat exchanger and electricity production and transportation. For considered systems the primary exergy consumption from renewable and non-renewable sources was estimated. The analysis was carried out for heat network temperature at 50/40 oC, and the quality regulation was assumed. The results of exergy analysis of the system with electrical and absorption heat pump show that exergy destruction during the whole heating season is lower for the system with electrical heat pump. The exergy efficiencies of total system are 12.8% and 11.2% for the system with electrical heat pump and absorption heat pump, respectively.
Experimental investigation of heat transfer performance coefficient in tube bundle of shell and tube heat exchanger in two-phase flow
Authors: Karaś Marcin , Zając Daniel , Ulbrich Roman
Published: August 2014

This paper presents the results of studies in two phase gasliquid flow around tube bundle in the model of shell tube heat exchanger. Experimental investigations of heat transfer coefficient on the tubes surface were performed with the aid of electrochemical technique. Chilton-Colburn analogy between heat and mass transfer was used. Twelve nickel cathodes were mounted on the outside surface of one of the tubes. Measurement of limiting currents in the cathodic reduction of ferricyanide ions on nickel electrodes in aqueous solution of equimolar quantities of K3Fe(CN)6 and K4Fe(CN)6 in the presence of NaOH basic solution were applied to determine the mass transfer coefficient. Controlled diffusion from ions at the electrode was observed and limiting current plateau was measured. Measurements were performed with data acquisition equipment controlled by software created for this experiment. Mass transfer coefficient was calculated on the basis of the limiting current measurements. Results of mass transfer experiments (mass transfer coefficient) were recalculated to heat transfer coefficient. During the experiments, simultaneously conducted was the the investigation of two-phase flow structures around tubes with the use of digital particle image velocimetry. Average velocity fields around tubes were created with the use of a number of flow images and compared with the results of heat transfer coefficient calculations.
Enterprise Education Research In The Context Of Moral Training In Chinese Colleges
Authors: Zhang Rufei
Published: August 2014

It has become a necessary requirement of the time for colleges to carry out enterprise education to produce high-quality personnel with entrepreneur spirit and ability. It is discussed at the beginning of this article that the purpose and status quo of the enterprise education for college students in China and then the reasons for the poor condition in enterprise education are explored. It is found out that colleges do not provide an effective systematic platform for enterprise education; necessary personnel are not provided for such purpose in the teaching staff in Chinese colleges; in actual operation practical effect is not achieved in the moral training in colleges. Therefore, new concept in moral training must be introduced and first-rate teaching staff must be provided for the effective enterprise education. Special courses must also be systematically compiled for the purpose.
A Research On The Innovation And Entrepreneurship Mode And Implementation Ways For University Students – Taking Shijiazhuang University Of Economics (Sjzue) As An Example
Authors: Junyin Yan , Jingqing Kang
Published: August 2014

The purpose of this paper is to analyse and define the main problems and key elements that affect the practical effect of university students' innovation and entrepreneurship education, and to plan the idea and mode for conducting university students' innovation and entrepreneurship education more scientifically through a comprehensive summary on the basic mode and implementation ways of Chinese university students' innovation and entrepreneurship education. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the mode, operation process, achievement and the existing problem of innovation and entrepreneurship education in SJZUE and other universities in China, this paper constructs a new mode and implementation way of innovation and entrepreneurship education for Chinese university students, which includes three coupling and interactive modules of logic content module, procedure guidance module and system support module. Some solutions and suggestions are put forward for enhancing the work of innovation and entrepreneurship guidance centre, completing the construction of Production, Education &Research practice base, promoting the teaching revolution, and enhancing the construction of internal and external environment.
Designing Educational Materials Through Product Lifecycle Management
Authors: Brindasu Paul Dan , Beju Livia Dana , Baitoiu Corina
Published: August 2014

The paper analyses the situation of teaching materials in technical schools in Romania via a marketing research that takes into account stakeholders, the microenvironment, as well as the macroenvironment. The research has shed light on a number of problems that require a new approach to the design of educational tools. The paper proposes that this design of educational tools be performed through the product lifecycle management (PLM) perspective. All phases of the design and lifecycle of such products are analysed, and concrete solutions for realising each of these phases are proposed. Finally, some examples of educational products are presented, which have the purpose of aiding the teaching of technical drawing, and which have been devised using this very methodology.
A Transdisciplinary Approach To Business Education Throughout Family Firms As Communities Of Practice
Authors: Fotea Ioan , Pop G. Ioan , Vaduva Sebastian , Fotea Silvia
Published: August 2014

The paper explores the relationship between family businesses (FB), communities of practice (CoP), and entrepreneurship education in the context of the knowledge production and sharing within and between these communities. The relationship between these three spheres of knowledge is presented from a transdisciplinary point of view. The contextual legitimacy identifies the communicational channels between the fields of family businesses and the communities of practice and entrepreneurial education in a transdisciplinary generative synergistic context. The notion of CoP suggests that organizational community boundaries do not correspond with typical functional boundaries, including practice - and person - based networks, while family businesses underlie the necessity of sustainable business education which can be achieved through collaborative interaction in a creative entrepreneurial framework. The paper proposes to find the common ground of the three fields of knowledge and the way these points develop new knowledge windows towards a new entrepreneurial understanding of life, and generating new alternatives.
Improving Systems Thinking Skills Of Second Year Engineering Students By An Introductory Project
Authors: Aharon Gero
Published: August 2014

In 2011, the course Introductory Project in Electrical Engineering took place for the first time at the Department of Electrical Engineering of the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. The course was devised to expose sophomore students to the discipline of electrical engineering and improve their systems thinking skills. The core of the course was a design project of a window cleaning robot. This task was carried out by teams of five students, with personal instruction by a mentor, a senior engineer in the Department. The present research, which used quantitative tools alongside qualitative ones, indicates significant improvement in systems thinking skills of students who took the course.
Improving The Courses Content By Using Modelling And Simulation In Cutting Metals
Authors: Inţă Marinela , Muntean Achim , Petrianu Cristian
Published: August 2014

The paper intends to implement the use of theoretical models and computer aided simulation based on FEM for improving the teaching of cutting metals theory for the students of Machine Manufacturing Technologies and Machine Tools. The advantage of simulation, especially animated is to transpose the normal classroom into a virtual model where the skills can be evaluated under similar realistic conditions. It helps the students to be able to face the complexity of the real complex processes inside the production environment. A review of the most important models in cutting processes shows that the majority of the researches in this field tend to replace the traditional methods of calculating the cutting data parameters based on mathematical models with new complex models. The paper tries to relieve the importance of using the FEM models and simulation software for a better understanding of the process and also for providing more accurate and more detailed information. In the case studied in this paper a series of experimental models were performed for a validation of the theoretical models created by comparing the results. The advantages of using 2D and 3D animated models in the teaching and training process are also mentioned in the paper.
Identifying The Optimal Product Strategy By Applying Portfolio Segmentation Methods – Case Of Smes In Banking Sector
Authors: Nămolosu Simona - Mihaela , Cetină Iuliana
Published: August 2014

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are a high potential target for banks to attack, but also a risky segment; high potential because the need for financing is increasing, but risky because the crisis affected a lot the solvability and profitability of these companies. On the other hand, loan facilities are some of the most complex banking products (if we analyse diverse financing needs of small companies, but rather due to the analysis and approval processes in banks). In defining strategic alternatives for financing products for SMEs, the following steps are essential: evaluating potential market segments and/or sub segments, always focusing on the general and particular commercial objectives of the bank, analysing the strategies used by the major competitors and last, but not least: developing motivational systems for the employees of the branches - the main distribution channel for a banking product.
English As Course Instruction Language. Experiences From Machine Design Courses
Authors: Khoshaba Samir
Published: August 2014

Globalization and internationalization of higher education around the world is “forcing” many universities and colleges from non-English speaking countries to offer a significant part of their educational programs in English. The main motivation to do so is partly to successfully implement student exchange programs such as the European Erasmus Program, and partly to attract “fee-paying free-moving” students from abroad. A third long-term reason to teach in English is to educate young pre-professionals for the global market. However, the adaptation of technical courses from national languages to English cannot be done overnight. On the contrary, this process demands time-consuming preparations that typically involve the expansion of background references and careful planning. In addition, the English skills of course instructors must assure the effective transmission of information, and very often professors face certain difficulties and uncomfortable limitations. Generally speaking, instructing in a foreign language results in less “colourful” expressions. Recent investigations conducted in Sweden on higher education show that teaching efficiency is inferior for courses taught in English when compared with the same courses given in Swedish. This paper deals with various experiences related to the process of changing the language of instruction from Swedish to English in three Machine Design courses taught at Linnaeus University.
Educating Students On Lean Manufacturing And Pull Production Using Games
Authors: Beju Livia Dana
Published: August 2014

The paper presents a pull production mechanism that based on Kanban cards and a Heijunka panel. Based on this model, a game was developed that enables students to get a better understanding of pull production in manufacturing streams. The game is played in several rounds. Emphasis is laid upon the importance of work balance in manufacturing cells, as well as on the necessity to reduce the time required to switch production. The game also underlines the dependency between the number of cards in the process and the level of interoperational stocks. Last but not least, students are confronted with aspects of teamwork. Based on suggestions from the students and from the acquired experience, some ideas were formulated for the improvement of this educational activity.
Public-Private Partnership: Synergy Between Higher Education Institutions And Business Or Industrial Organizations
Authors: Burdusel Eva-Nicoleta , Balan Liviu , Plohod Anca
Published: August 2014

Based on existing studies on the necessity and significance of public-private partnership. The present paper focuses on the most recent perspectives and outcomes of connecting higher education to the business community: industrial organizations development and labour market demand. It is a commonplace statement that anticipative thinking, visionary leadership and strategic management are key factors of all organizations – industrial and non-industrial – for gaining advantage on a highly competitive, unpredictable and challenging market. This holds true for both HEIs and industrial organizations which should place value on a permanent interaction among: universities (as knowledge creators and disseminators and focused on fundamental research), industry (as promoters of innovation and applied research); and society (in view of an educated and skilled citizenry). The present study highlights the benefits and outcomes of the public-private partnership and illustrating best practices in the field.
The Importance Of Energy Solutions For A Safe And Rational Development
Authors: Momete Daniela Cristina , Prisecaru Tudor
Published: August 2014

A new industrial revolution is on the verge in the energy domain considering the knowledge and skills acquired through the development of new energy technologies. Shale gas processing, unconventional oil exploitation, new exploring/drilling methods, mature renewable energy or in progress, all generated a wealth of knowledge in new technology. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse the positive and negative aspects of energy solutions, and to reveal the way to a world where a valid sustainable development, based on safe and rational premises, is actually considered. The paper also introduces suggestions for the energy system, which has a crucial importance in coping with the resource management of the future, where the economic, social, and environmental/climate needs of the post-crisis world should be suitably considered.
University As A Social Entreprise:Modelling Enterprise 3.0 Application In Engineering Curriculum
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Bassus Olaf , Zaščerinska Jeļena
Published: August 2014

University as a social enterprise has become the dominant response to the challenge of bringing up an engineer as a first-rate technical expert who acts as a social agent, rather than just a technician, with a “broad understanding of the social and philosophical context in which he will work” [3]. Aim of the research is to analyze student engineers' Enterprise 3.0 application in engineering curriculum. The meaning of the key concepts of university as a social enterprise, engineering curriculum and Enterprise 3.0 is studied. Explorative research has been used. The empirical study was conducted at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia, in 2011. Descriptive statistics was implemented for primary data analysis. The findings of the research allow drawing the conclusions on the favourable context of Enterprise 3.0 application in engineering curriculum as the student engineers' knowledge and attitude towards Enterprise 3.0 application are positive. Direction of further research are proposed.
About The Role Of The Mathematics In The Engineering Education
Authors: Nicolescu Bogdan , Macarie Tiberiu
Published: August 2014

It is evident that the development of future generations with the right skills and knowledge, for a career in engineering at all levels, is essential for the future economic prosperity of any country. Moreover, in the future we will need professional engineers with greater interdisciplinary understanding, and with more specialist skills. So, we will need a deeper understanding of the sciences that underpin the art of engineering, and we will therefore need to know which are the mathematical skills needed to apply these sciences. Because advances in the use of information technology and computers have transformed engineering analytical techniques, production and management processes, it raises some questions: What is and will be the role of mathematics in the education of engineering? What mathematical skills are needed for the engineers of tomorrow, and how and when these might best be acquired? This paper is dedicated to an objective analysis of the positioning of mathematics courses to those of specialized training mechanical engineers. Both authors share their extensive experience in teaching mathematics and science of mechanical engineering at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.
Chalenges For Curricula Development: A Study Case On Erasmus Mundus Mobility With Asia Project
Authors: Mircea Ioana A. , Marin Corina M. , Preda Daniela , Popescu Liliana G. , Bucur Călin C.
Published: August 2014

Developing the Erasmus Mundus mobility projects, in the academic institutions, is an important factor to expanding opportunities for learning, enhancing partnerships and improving the research and lifelong learning activities. Beyond the visible advantages, projects of this type involve many procedures regarding the documents flow and the new requirements imposed to the professors. This paper presents a case study regarding a Six Sigma Project proposed to improve the management of Erasmus Mundus mobility projects in University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu.
Subject-Specific Quality Assurance And Accreditation Of Engineering Education In Europe
Authors: Augusti Giuliano
Published: August 2014

Quality Assurance (QA) of Higher Education (HE) is a major objective of the “Bologna Process”. However, QA often tends to assess more the “process” than the “contents” of the education: therefore, especially in subjects that lead towards a “profession” (“engineering” first among them), the practice of “accreditation” is also increasing throughout the world. “Accreditation” can follow the “programme” and the “institutional” approach, that are not in contrast, but can usefully complement each other. “Programme accreditation” of an engineering programme can be identified with the process “to ensure the suitability of that programme as the entry route to the engineering profession”, and defined as “pre-professional accreditation”. Recent European initiatives along these lines will be illustrated: (i) the EUR-ACE® system for the “European accreditation of engineering programmes”, (ii) the “European Alliance for Subject-Specific and Professional Accreditation and Quality Assurance” (EASPA), (iii) QUACING, the new Italian Agency for QA and Accreditation of engineering programmes.
International Recognition Of Engineering Education – Best Practice
Authors: Norbert Grünwald , Regina Krause
Published: August 2014

The paper presents a case study of the implementation of the European Framework Standards for the Accreditation of Engineering Programmes in Russia. After describing the importance of the international recognition of engineering programmes a short presentation of the EUR-ACE system follows as well as the measures undertaken by the project consortium to adapt the quality standards of Russia to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). The opportunities and benefits for engineering education in Russia are presented at the end of the paper.
Creativity And Benchmarking Influence On Finance-Accounting And Human Resources Organizational Functions
Authors: Moraru Gina-Maria
Published: August 2014

The paper presents the creativity and benchmarking influence on two of the organizational functions: finance-accounting and human resources. After a short presentation of the representative conceptions in the managerial literature, it focuses on a part from a research performed on three categories of respondents: PhD candidates in management, university professors (who teach management related subjects at various faculties) and managers from industrial organizations. Even the respondents agree that creativity and benchmarking are insufficient used in Romanian organizations, they considered that these two elements can improve the finance-accounting and the human resources organizational function.
An Analysis Of New Graduate-Tracing Metrics Of University Management Performance At The Lucian Blaga University Of Sibiu (Romania)
Authors: Oprean Constantin , Vanu Mihaela Alina , Florea Silvia
Published: August 2014

Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania is moving rapidly towards more evidence-based accountability and, in this context, it has a growing concern with an ever more adequate provision for labor market demands in the region. The present paper analyzes the new graduate-tracing metrics of university management performance and goals between 2004 and 2012 and sets the short-term goals agenda for enhancement of graduate employment and employability at LBUS.
Is The Organizational Culture Favorable To Training In Residency For Medical Students?
Authors: Domnariu Carmen Daniela , Furtunescu Florentina Ligia
Published: August 2014

The long-lasting training in medicine (more than 10 years) is still an attraction for many excellent students. Most of the evaluation forms during this training are based on theoretical and practical skills. However, could we be sure that the organizational climate provides the most appropriate environment for study and career development? We did a survey on 22 young doctors, residents in public health and management and/or epidemiology aiming at evaluating the personal management style and the management style within the organization (Adizes questionnaires: “Personal Test” and “Task Demands”). The management styles described by Adizes - Producer – Administrator – Entrepreneur – Integrator - and their expression as primary or secondary style were analyzed. We found that the young residents generally have a powerful expression of producer and entrepreneur as personal style, but they tend to become administrators within the organization, mostly during their first years of training.
Talent Cultivation Mode Of Neo-Confucian Businessman And Its Practice
Authors: Zehua Miao , Jinying Li
Published: August 2014

Business talent cultivation is related to the international competitiveness of an enterprise. How to inherit and develop the traditional ethics and culture based on confucianism deserves serious study. The paper focuses on the cultivation mode and concepts of business talent, and points out that confucianism is playing more and more important role in quality development of business talent and improvement of international competitiveness. Therefore, a quality development mode is advocated, that is, “ethics + innovation + knowledge + ability + mental and physical health”, and equal weight should be given to the all-round education on good morality and top talents. In theoretical reform, studies are closely related to the talent education in Business School of Shijiazhuang University of Economics, and focus on the methods of and measures to talent cultivation. In practice, the cultivation mode is executed, that is, “benevolence education to freshmen, honesty education to sophomores, entrepreneurship education to juniors, and gratefulness education to seniors”, and besides, nine annual knowledge contests have been held, which bring about good results and great social effects.
Future Strategies In Human Resources. Study Case: Romania
Authors: Stoika Radu , Nen Madlena
Published: August 2014

Within this article we intend to make an overview of the situation of human resources training in Romanian companies. Taking into account that nowadays the entire world is suffering from the effects of the global economic and financial crisis, each country has different approaches related to the measures that have to be implemented to counter its effects. By taking into account the targets set by the European Commission in the “Europe 2020 strategy” for a smart, sustainable and inclusive growth the importance of human resources management and the way it can be involved to prepare a better response to a very turbulent market is emphasized more than ever. A new design of the human resources strategies is impetuously imposing itself as mandatory in this context. In the final part of this article, we will make a set of recommendations related to the future decisions in human resource management.
Tandem Economic Development Of Two Regions Or Countries
Authors: Ciutacu Ileana , Săvulescu Iulian , Dumitraşcu Luminiţa Mihaela
Published: August 2014

In today's economy, one speaks mostly of regions than of countries, at least on European Union territory. So even if the territorial point of view is changing, the economic expectations remain unchanged: how much will that country/region grow and develop over time. The objective of this research is to see the way in which the economies of two regions develop in tandem over time and why. We plan to do this by designing and constructing an agent-based model that simulates a dummy world economy composed of two regions. Each region that can also be seen as a country has its own firms that produce goods and its own inhabitants who work for the firms and consume their goods. The two regions have their own currency, but ‘do commerce’ mainly through the movement of their inhabitants between them. In this research we chose to construct an agent-based model that simulates economic development and uses NetLogo programming language and interfaces, because of the advantages of this particular approach. Thus, after building the initial Netlogo model and simulating with it certain scenarios and examples of regional economies, by simply changing some variables any user can easily adapt it to other examples, real or not; do the simulations and obtain the desired number of development paths for his or her example. Thus, the result that we expect to obtain is creating agent-based model that can be used as a tool by policy-makers for seeing how different policies can affect or stimulate regional economic development.
Technological Entrepreneurship: A Balanced Scorecard Perspective
Authors: Galateanu Elena , Nacu Cosmin Mihai , Avasilcai Silvia
Published: August 2014

The paper aims to present the most important features of technological entrepreneurship, both in industrial and non-industrial organisations, and its important role in organisational development. The conceptual model used to describe our approach is The Balanced Scorecard, with a focus on learning and growth perspective. Within this view, a set of specific indicators is proposed in order to assess the performance of technological entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship. The result will reflect entrepreneur’s perspective, internal innovative processes, innovation and growth of an organization.
A Study On College Undergraduates’ Entrepreneurial Qualities In China – The Case Of Shijiazhuang University Of Economics
Authors: Chaoqi Chen , Yongle Liu , Jun Yang , Shuxian Jia
Published: August 2014

Based on the result from the survey which carried out in Shijiazhuang University of Economics and the level of entrepreneurial qualities among the college students, this research analyses the level of college students’ entrepreneurial qualities in the area of knowledge, ability and psychology. The result shows that undergraduates’ entrepreneurial qualities are not optimistic due to the deficiency of knowledge structure, weakness in practice. Students have stronger passion for setting up their own business but they may be unrealistic in their planning. For these above problems, some corresponding suggestions for universities and undergraduates are provided.