bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Thermophysical Properties of La2Zr2O7/SrZrO3 Composite as a New Thermal Barrier Coating Material
Authors: Ma W. , Jin X.-L. , Ren Y. , Xing S.-P. , Bai Y. , Dong H.-Y.
Published: August 2022

The La2Zr2O7/SrZrO3 composite with a mol ratio of 1:2 named (La0.5Sr0.5)ZrO3.25 (LSZ) was in-situ synthesized by co-precipitation method using ammonia and ammonium oxalate as precipitants. The synthesized LSZ powder showed good phase stability not only from room temperature to 1400°C but also at higher temperature of 1450°C for a long period, as analyzed by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The bulk LSZ with relative density >95% was prepared by pressureless sintering at 1500°C for 2 h and spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1300°C for 5 min, respectively. The fracture toughness of the bulk LSZ prepared by both pressureless sintering and SPS were 1.80±0.20 MPa·m1/2 and 1.95±0.09 MPa·m1/2, respectively, which are higher than that of both bulk SrZrO3 and La2Zr2O7. The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of the bulk LSZ were 8.4-9.5×10-6 K-1 in a temperature range of 200-1200°C, which are higher than that of La2Zr2O7 but lower than that of SrZrO3. The thermal conductivity of the bulk LSZ prepared by pressureless sintering was ~1.1 W·m-1·K-1 at 1000°C, which is lower than that of both bulk SrZrO3 and La2Zr2O7. The LSZ composite is considered as a promising thermal barrier coating material.
Failure Analysis and the Scanning Optical Microscope
Authors: Aaron Falk R.
Published: August 2022

The power of scanning optical microscopes (SOMs) lies in their ability to direct a small spot of light into an IC, producing photocarriers and heat in a localized area of the circuit. Photonic and thermal energy affect the I-V characteristics of the circuit in different ways, depending on the presence of defects and local material properties. This article explains how light beams interact with semiconductors and metals and how they influence the I-V characteristic of circuits and devices. It describes the basic physics of SOM measurements, provides examples of static and dynamic SOM techniques, and discusses emerging applications.
Complex Systems Failure Analysis Challenges
Authors: Poirier Patrick , Schwindenhammer Patrice , Colder Alban , Domengès Bernadette , Schwindenhammer Patrice , Colder Alban
Published: August 2022

This article presents a failure analysis workflow tailored for complex ICs and device packages. The FA flow determines the root cause of failures using nondestructive analysis and advanced sample preparation techniques. The nondestructive tests typically used are X-ray radiography, scanning acoustic microscopy, time domain reflectometry, and magnetic current imaging. To gain access to interconnect failures, laser ablation is used, typically in combination with chemical etching to finish the decapsulation process. Repackaging is also part of the FA flow and is briefly discussed.
EDFAS 10 Year Anniversary: A Look Back at EDFAN → EDFA
Authors: Wagner Larry
Published: August 2022

This article looks back on the ten-year history of Electronic Device Failure Analysis News and its transition to become Electronic Device Failure Analysis Magazine.
Raman Temperature Measurements
Authors: Aaron Falk R. , Pham Tram
Published: August 2022

Virtually all semiconductor materials exhibit Raman scattering which results in a frequency shift in photon energy. In this article, the authors explain how they harness this mechanism to measure the temperature of submicron structures and thereby produce high-resolution temperature maps. They review the basic theory of Raman scattering and present application examples involving high-bandgap materials as well as silicon devices.
Backside FIB Circuit Editing—A Strategy to Hit 100% Yield Success
Authors: Niles David W. , Kee Ronald W.
Published: August 2022

Designing circuit edits at the contact level offers tremendous advantages in reliability and yield success over similar edits designed in the metal stack. To that end, a full-thickness backside circuit edit strategy has been developed that eliminates part thinning and promotes the implementation of all edits at the contact level to avoid milling into the metal layers. This article describes the FIB-based circuit edit process and presents several case studies demonstrating its use on 65 nm technology devices.
An Example of a Failure Analysis Lab Solution
Authors: Picart Bernard
Published: August 2022

This column describes a unique arrangement between two IC manufacturers that built and share a state-of-the-art failure analysis laboratory. The lab is dedicated to helping the two companies characterize their new technologies, debug new designs, measure IC performance, find defects responsible for yield loss, and improve product reliability. In addition to discussing the technical capabilities of the lab, our guest columnist also explains how the lab is funded and managed.
Wafer-Level Failure Analysis Process Flow
Authors: Lee Jeng-Han , Huang Yung-Sheng , Su David H.
Published: August 2022

Wafer-level failure analysis plays an important role in IC fabrication, both in process development and yield enhancement. This article outlines the general flow for wafer-level FA and explains how it differs for memory and logic products. It describes the tools and procedures used for failure mode verification, electrical analysis, fault localization, sample preparation, chemical analysis, and physical failure analysis. It also discusses the importance of implementing corrective actions and tracking the results.
Test Processes for Optimal Yield, Reliability, and Diagnosis
Authors: Kamm Matthias
Published: August 2022

This column explains that in order for supply chain partners to optimize quality and end-to-end yield, progress must be made in the areas of embedded instrument standards, test access mechanisms, and traceability.
The Copper Challenge to Circuit Edit
Authors: Malik Tahir , Lundquist Ted
Published: August 2022

The presence of copper layers separated by low-k dielectrics in today’s ICs is a major problem for circuit edit engineers. This article explains why and presents a solution that addresses the challenges CE engineers face. According to the authors, the difficulties are primarily due to the interaction of the ion beam with variations in copper grain orientation, the effects of halogen corrosion, and the presence of CuF. As a result, copper milling tends to be uneven and edit times tend to be quite long. The solution presented is based on a chemically-assisted milling and etching process that quickly and uniformly removes copper and dielectric layers while maintaining planarity.
Failure Analysis Tricks and Treats
Authors: Higgins Jason , Chiu Re-Long , Daniels Lisa , Wright Jessica , Pedersen Caleb
Published: August 2022

Shortcuts in failure analysis are sometimes to save time or money or because equipment or expertise is unavailable. This article presents simple but effective solutions in four areas, including deprocessing, FIB milling, microcleaving, and TEM sample preparation, that may help analysts work through or around such situations.
What Is 3-D Test and How Do IEEE Standards Help?
Authors: Crouch Al , Dworak Jennifer
Published: August 2022

3-D silicon integration is reaching the point where it may be deployed. 3-D silicon integration is different from 3-D packaging in that 3-D packaging involves whole packaged chips, and each chip can still be tested individually throughout the manufacturing and assembly process, such as at wafer test, before and after packaging, and before and after integration into a complex chip assembly. Thus, methods used to test, debug, and verify multichip modules are generally extensible into the 3-D packaging space. For 3-D silicon integration using through-silicon vias, the issue is debug or test access to an individual die in the stack. This article reports on efforts by an IEEE P1838 Working Group to develop a per die standard.
EDFA 10-Year Anniversary: Newsletter Grows into a Magazine
Authors: Wagner Larry
Published: August 2022

The Electronic Device Failure Analysis (EDFA) magazine celebrates its 10th anniversary with this issue. This significant milestone provides an opportunity to recall the transition of the Electronic Device Failure Analysis News (EDFAN) newsletter to EDFA magazine. When Chuck Hawkins, then the Editor of EDFAN, proposed converting from a newsletter to a magazine, EDFAS was only a few years into existence, and there was apprehension about such an early transition.
SEM for the 21st Century—Scanning Ion Microscopy
Authors: Joy David C.
Published: August 2022

This article provides an introduction to scanning ion microscopy, explaining how it overcomes one of the biggest limitations of SEMs, namely the tradeoff between spatial resolution and depth of field, while also providing significantly more surface detail, a wide range of novel and familiar contrast mechanisms, and the potential for new microanalytical techniques that combine nanometer spatial resolution and single monolayer sensitivity. In addition to describing the capabilities of scanning ion microscopes, the article also addresses the issue of sample charging and the potential for physical damage that can result from ion beam irradiation.
Testing the Mechanical Integrity of On-Chip Interconnects
Authors: Geisler Holm , Brueckner Martin , Hofmann Petra , Lehr Matthias U. , Grillberger Michael , Langer Eckhard
Published: August 2022

The introduction of ultralow-k dielectrics is a recent milestone in the quest for higher clock speeds and lower power consumption in ICs. One tradeoff, however, is that interconnect stacks layered with low-k materials rather than SiO2 are more vulnerable to mechanical damage. This article presents a method that makes it possible to assess the mechanical integrity of interconnect stacks at the wafer level. The new bump-assisted BEOL stability indentation (BABSI) test uses a nanoindentation tool to apply lateral and vertical forces to solder bumps and copper pillars on the wafer surface. By applying appropriate stresses, various aspects of integrity, such as the onset of failure modes or the weakest interface in the stack, can be determined by subsequent SEM/FIB analysis. The authors describe the basic principles of the measurement technique and some of the applications in which it was used.
Magnetic Microscopy to Reconstruct 3-D Currents in Complex Systems
Authors: Infante Fulvio
Published: August 2022

Magnetic microscopy is a defect localization technique that has several advantages. It is nondestructive, noninvasive, and contactless. In many cases, it can be used even before component depackaging. This article describes the basic setup of a magnetic current imaging (MCI) microscope and explains how it reveals 3D current paths at the package and die level. It also presents application examples showing how MCI has helped failure analysts isolate a wide range of electrical defects, including shorts, resistive opens, and full opens.
TSV Developments
Authors: Jan Vardaman E.
Published: August 2022

The pace of development for 2.5-D packaging solutions appears to be accelerating as the timeline for the adoption of 3D through-silicon via (TSV) technology continues to slide. This column discusses the latest advancements in 2.5-D or interposer packaging technology and the growing number of applications.
Accelerated Reliability Testing for Power Semiconductor Packages
Authors: Goroll Michael , Pufall Reinhard
Published: August 2022

This article describes two accelerated reliability tests that can help shorten product development cycles for power semiconductor packages. One test simulates the effects of temperature cycling by applying a series of thermal shocks to the test sample. The other test assesses the bond between metals and molding compounds as a measure of thermal cycle resistance. A button shear test is used to measure changes in adhesion strength as a function of time and temperature.
Automated Workflow Improves Speed and Precision of S/TEM Process Monitoring for 22 nm FinFET Structures
Authors: Dworkin Larry
Published: August 2022

Recent developments in automated image acquisition and metrology using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) have significantly improved the speed, precision, and usability of these techniques for controlling advanced semiconductor device manufacturing processes. As device dimensions have continued to shrink, these techniques may be needed to replace scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the smallest critical dimension (CD) measurements. This article describes the use of automated S/TEM in a high-throughput CD-metrology workflow to support process development and control and explains how automated sample-preparation, data-acquisition, and metrology tools increase both throughput and data quality.
Health Monitoring of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Sood Bhanu , Hendricks Christopher , Osterman Michael , Pecht Michael
Published: August 2022

This article presents a new technique for monitoring the health of lithium-ion cells. Whereas traditional methods use current, voltage, and temperature data to infer the overall health of the cell, the new method uses ultrasonic measurements to assess structural changes such as swelling, expansion, ruffling, and delamination. The article explains how and why these changes occur, how they are measured, and how they correlate with loss of battery capacity, safety, and failure. It also discusses the effect of charge and discharge cycles and the factors that contribute to gas generation.
Integrated Circuit Super-Resolution Failure Analysis with Solid Immersion Lenses
Authors: Vigil Kyle , Lu Yang , Yurt Abdulkadir , Berkin Cilingiroglu Tenzile , Bifano Thomas G. , Selim Ünlü M. , Goldberg Bennett B.
Published: August 2022

Researchers at Boston University have made significant improvements in the resolution that can be achieved with backside imaging techniques. In this article, they explain how they optimize lateral and longitudinal resolution of IR-based methods using aplanatic solid immersion lenses in combination with adaptive optics that correct for aberrations, interferometry to improve signal-to-noise ratios, vortex beams that overcome diffraction limitations, and image reconstruction techniques based on prior knowledge about the objects under investigation.
Structural Analysis, Before the Failure
Authors: Cipriany Benjamin
Published: August 2022

This column suggests that developing 3D structural models as tools for observing and exploring failures in the virtual domain could prove instrumental in avoiding failure without committing hardware. Likewise, instead of building hardware to systematically evaluate failures in the presence of random effects, virtualization through a 3D model could provide a completely user-defined environment for conducting controlled experiments. In such a virtual environment, systematic and random behaviors can be introduced and parsed to provide greater clarity in the search for root causes of failure.
Focused Ion Beam (FIB) Circuit Edit
Authors: Mohiuddin Taqi
Published: August 2022

This article discusses recent improvements in FIB circuit edit as well as general uses and optimization techniques.
Cleaving Breakthrough: A New Method Removes Old Limitations
Authors: Moyal Efrat , Brandstädt Ekkehart
Published: August 2022

The scribe-and-cleave method is a widely used sample preparation technique, although numerous challenges make it less than ideal. A new indent-and-cleave approach described in this article provides improved results, even on samples previously considered uncleavable. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the new technique.
Contoured Device Sample Preparation for ±5 μm Remaining Silicon Thickness (RST) Tolerances
Authors: Richardson Chris
Published: August 2022

This paper describes a methodology for preparing contoured devices by using a milling machine in conjunction with a spectral reflectance measurement system for meeting ±5 μm remaining silicon thickness (RST) tolerances.
Magnetic Current Imaging Revisited
Authors: Vallett Dave
Published: August 2022

Magnetic current imaging provides electrical fault isolation for shorts, leakage currents, resistive opens, and complete opens. In addition, it can be performed nondestructively from either side a die, wafer, packaged IC, or PCB. This article reviews the basic theory and attributes of MCI, describes the types of sensors used, and discusses general measurement procedures. It also presents application examples demonstrating recent advancements and improvements in MCI.
Unique FIB Application for Mechanical Cross Sectioning
Authors: Hamilton Doug , Tan Phoumra
Published: August 2022

This failure analysis case study illustrates the masterful use of a dual-beam FIB to reveal hidden details in a mechanically polished cross-section.
Delineate Lightly Doped CMOS N-Well With Wet Etch
Authors: Hamilton Doug , Tan Phoumra
Published: August 2022

Lightly doped source-drain diffusions are difficult if not impossible to delineate using wet chemical etching, but with a few process modifications and the use of edge shorting, a 20:1 HNO3/HF etch for 5 s at room temperature can reveal almost any junction profile in a CMOS device. The relatively simple process is outlined in this installment of Master FA Technique, which also includes a series of images showing how well the method works.
An IARPA Success Story—The Circuit Analysis Tools Program
Authors: McCants Carl E.
Published: August 2022

The second phase of the IARPA Circuit Analysis Tools (CAT) program, which ended in June 2015, focused on the development of prototype tools to demonstrate scalability to the 10 nm node. Our guest columnist, IARPA Program Manager, Carl E. McCants, provides a summary of what the participating teams accomplished.
Silicon Pipeline or Dislocation Defect?
Authors: Weber Yann
Published: August 2022

Silicon pipeline defects are a growing concern in semiconductor manufacturing with no proposed methodology on how to effectively analyze them and separate the underlying causes. In light of this need, a study was conducted using complementary FA techniques to examine these unusual silicon crystal defects and gain a better understanding of their signature characteristics and their effect on device failure. This article, authored by the lead investigator, describes the tests that were performed and presents relevant findings and theories on the factors that contribute to "pipeline" and how they can be controlled. It also presents guidelines for distinguishing between pipeline and dislocation defects and explains how they are related.
An Intensive Care Nurse Narrative of Spiritual Care During COVID-19
Authors: Baharudin Ayuni Asma' , Nurumal Mohd. Said
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The intensive care management during the pandemic of COVID-19 is highly critical. The provision of spiritual care to the patients and their family members is important but challenging to be accomplished during this time. This article attempts to provide a view of an intensive care nurse’s experience of spiritual care during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Interview was conducted with a nurse who worked in an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary government hospital in Malaysia. It is a part of a larger qualitative study investigating the perceptions of ICU clinicians in providing spiritual care in the ICU. A thematic analysis was utilized in identifying emergent themes that would be significant in context of intensive care COVID-19 management. Results: There were two emergent themes that were identified from the nurse’s reflection – Keeping faith, and Blessed outcomes.Conclusion: This reflective account of a nurse providing spiritual care in the ICU may give insights for a better COVID-19 management. Further research is needed to explore the use of reflective practice in the spiritual care education and training. Further studies should also include the experience of the patients, the families as well as the professionals in the ICU to develop a concise model of spirituality and spiritual care in the ICU context, particularly during the pandemic of COVID-19.
PENYULUHAN HUKUM TENTANG BANTUAN HUKUM BAGI PEGAWAI NEGERI PADA POLRI
Authors: Rahman Amin  , Alfin Pratama  , Muhammad Fikri Al Aziz
Published: August 2022

Setiap warga negara Indonesia memiliki hak asasi manusia yang dijamin secara konstitusional dalam UUD 1945, salah satunya jaminan perlindungan dan persamaan hukum tanpa adanya perbedaan berdasarkan asas persamaan di depan hukum, termasuk hak untuk mendapatkan bantuan hukum dalam menghadapi proses peradilan. Khususnya di lingkungan Polri, bantuan hukum merupakan hak bagi setiap pegawai negeri pada Polri yang sedang menghadapi permasalahan hukum dalam rangka membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan hukum tersebut baik melalui jalur peradilan maupun di luar peradilan. Namun dalam kenyataannya, hak untuk mendapatkan bantuan hukum masih belum diketahui dan dipahami dengan baik oleh pegawai negeri pada Polri sehingga menjadi penting untuk melaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk penyuluhan hukum tentang bantuan hukum bagi pegawai negeri pada Polri. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah pegawai negeri pada Polri yang berdinas di Polsek Cangkuang Polresta Bandung yang terletak di Jalan Nagrak Nomor 58, Ciluncat, Kecamatan Cangkuang, Kabupatan Bandung, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini meliputi tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Target yang hendak dicapai dalam kegiatan ini adalah terlaksananya kegiatan penyuluhan sehingga dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang hak untuk mendapatkan bantuan hukum, serta menghasilkan luaran berupa laporan hasil kegiatan yang dipublikasikan pada jurnal nasional ber-ISSN, dan dapat menjadi bahan pengayaan materi kuliah kepada mahasiswa
The Duty And Authority Of Regional Notary Supervisory Board Regarding Reports From The Public On Alleged Violations Of The Code Of Conducts
Authors: Pura Margo Hadi , Nurdin Maharani
Published: August 2022

The notary is a public official who is authorized to make an authentic deed and has other authorities as referred to in the laws. This regulation is stated in Article 1 point 1 of Act No. 2/2014 on the Amendments to Act No. 30/2004 on the Notary (hereinafter referred to as the Notary Act). In the provisions of the Notary Act, there were many changes regarding the authority of the Regional Notary Supervisory Board in supervising and fostering Notaries. The task of the Regional Notary Supervisory Board is to supervise Notaries as referred to in the Notary Act and the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. M.02.PR.08.10 of 2004 on Procedures for Appointing Members, Dismissing Members, Organizational Structure, Work Procedures, and Audit Procedures. The Regional Notary Supervisor Board has the authority to carry out supervision according to Notary Act, In the provisions of Article 1 point 3 of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. 15/2020 on Procedures for Examination of the Supervisory Council Against Notaries which stipulates that a report is a complaint from the public as a party who is harmed due to the behavior and/or implementation of the position of a Notary, as well as reports originating from the exercise of the authority of the Supervisory Board.
Futbolda Güncel Sorunlar Kaynaklı Kriz Yönetimi ve Medyaya Yansımalarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ATILGAN Davut , KAPLAN Turgut , ÖZTÜRK Onur
Published: August 2022

Futbolun ülkemizde popüler olmasından dolayı çok sayıda taraftar, izleyici ve takipçisi bulunmaktadır. Farklı nedenlerden kaynaklı olarak ülkemiz ve dünya futbolu içinde çeşitli krizlerin barındığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde yakın zamanda yaşanmış olan “kriz” olarak nitelendirilebilecek futbol özelindeki olayların medyaya yansımaları ve sonuçları üzerinden literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda çeşitli yazılı kaynaklar, internet haber kaynakları ve olayların sosyal medyaya yansımaları incelenerek bir bütün halinde bu araştırmada sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada sonuç olarak; geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de futbolun içinde yönetimsel ve ekonomik kaynaklı olarak krizlerin yaşandığı açıktır. Yaşanılan krizler kısa sürede medyada kendisine yoğun bir şekilde yer bulmaktadır. Krizlerin büyüklüğüne bağlı olarak kriz yönetimi ve krizlere çözüm üretilebilmesi noktasında farklı sorunların olduğu görülmüştür.
Problems and Perspective of International Tourism Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kozlovskyi Yevhen , Yatsiuk Iryna , Stolozh Karolina
Published: August 2022

The article states that COVID-19 significantly affects the global economic, political and socio-cultural systems, so global and market losses due to the pandemic will be huge. However, it is extremely difficult to assess them now due to the lack of sufficient statistical data and the reluctance of some companies, industries and countries to disclose the level of economic decline. In our view, the nature, unprecedented circumstances and consequences of this pandemic show that crisis will lead to profound and long-term structural and transformational changes in international tourism. The author notes that the inaccessibility of international tourism and the closure of external borders due to the pandemic is a catalyst for the growth and development of demand for domestic tourism. These conditions are a great opportunity for the Ukrainian tourism market to demonstrate its potential to citizens by providing a quality domestic tourism product. It is noted that the pandemic is forcing most tourism enterprises to innovate and adapt to unprecedented changes in the business. Successful innovation will certainly be of strategic importance, helping to keep businesses competitive during and after the pandemic.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PENGINAPAN LOKAL (HOMESTAY) UNTUK MENDUKUNG DESA WISATA KAMPUNG SARIBU GONJONG, KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA
Authors: Yuliani Rozi , Abdi Moch.
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAK : Desa Wisata Kampuang Saribu Gonjong (SARUGO) memiliki potensi yang sangat beragam untuk dikembangkan menjadi objek wisata, yaitu potensi alam, potensi budaya, dan potensi Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM). Masyarakat Desa Wisata kampung sarugo sangat mendukung desa tersebut untuk menjadi semakin destinasi wisata dengan mengembangkan homestay, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan penghargaan yang didapatkan pada tahun 2021 pada ajang anugerah desa wisata (ADWI) yang meraih penghargaan Juara 4 dari 34 Provinsi di Indonesia pada kategori homestay. sehingga seluruh masyarakat desa wisata kampung sarugo tahu bahwa desa mereka secara resmi merupakan salah satu desa wisata di Sumatera Barat yang mendapatkan anugerah ADWI Tahun 2021 dengan kategori homestay. Bagi masyarakat harus ada perubahan sikap dalam menjaga penghargaan yang telah diraih tersebut. Saat ini di Desa Wisata Kampung Sarugo memiliki 6 Homestay yang sudah siap dihuni oleh para pengunjung, homestay yang disediakan sudah memenuhi indikator sebuah homestay sesuai dengan panduan yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomo Kreatif dan Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif seperti aspek produk, pelayanan dan pengelolaan. Pendekatan kualitatif, Matriks SWOT, dan Analisis Skala Likert digunakan untuk menemukan model secara alami sesuai dengan keadaan dan potensi Desa Wisata Kapung Sarugo untuk pengembangan homestay. Hasil analisis data akan disajikan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menyajikan pendapat, observasi, studi lapangan, teori, dan konsep yang terdapat di lapangan berdasarkan sudut pandang informan yang kemudian ditafsirkan oleh Tim Peneliti. Hasil dan pembahasannya adalah: Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan homestay untuk mendukung Desa Wisata Kampung Saribu Gonjong yaitu: Minimnya event yang diadakan di DesaWisata Kampung Sarugo sehingga potensi untuk memanfaatkan penginapan lokal (homestay) sangat tipis, Kurangnya pelatihan dan pemahaman tentang penginapan lokal (homestay).

Kata Kunci : strategi, pengembangan, penginapan local (homestay), desa wisata
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS DALAM MELAKUKAN SHALAT WAJIB MELALUI STRATEGI MODELLING THE WAY PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 18 V KOTO TIMUR
Authors: Yeni Silfa
Published: August 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar dan aktivitas melakukan shalat wajib melalui strategi modelling the way pada siswa kelas IV SDN 18 V Koto Timur kabupaten Padang Pariaman,tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada siswa kelas IV SDN 18 V Koto Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah siswa 10 Siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas, pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan tes atau penugasan, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan model interaktif. Sedangkan aktifitas dilakukan dalam bentuk interaktif dengan proses pengumpulan data sebagai proses siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui strategi modelling the way dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan kemampuan melakukan shalat wajib pada siswa Kelas IV SDN 18 V Koto Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Aktivitas belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II terdapat peningkatan: aspek praktek shalat (nilai rata-rata siklus I yaitu 3,15 naik pada siklus II menjadi 3,70 dari kategori baik menjadi amat baik). Nilai hasil belajar siswa meningkat darai kondisi awal nilai rata-rata 64,7 meningkat pada siklus I menjadi 77,41 dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 81,50.

Kata kunci : Hasil Belajar.  Aktivitas melakukan shalat wajib, Strategi modelling the way
Study on the Effect of Noise Pollution on Public Health
Authors: Floroian L. , Lungu A. , Badea M.
Published: August 2022

Pollution is a phenomenon that acts on the whole environment, its cause being the human factor, also being the one that faces the negative

effects of these aggressive phenomena, confirmed by the incidence of pathologies of systems in the human body and the presence of both physical and mental imbalance of the body. This paper aims to systematize information on noise pollution in the literature that is as relevant as possible about the current state of noise pollution, its sources, and its effects on the human body. It will also be followed, through a questionnaire-type study, the level of knowledge of the people involved in this study about noise pollution, its effects and the measures to

be taken to reduce it.
Communicating the Diagnosis of Life – Limiting Illness of a Child – Mother`s Perspective
Authors: Mathe T.C. , Vosit-Steller J. , Rogozea L.M.
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to identify how mothers of children with life-threatening illnesses receive and process news of their child's

diagnosis. Interviews were conducted to identify categories and themes that characterize how mothers reacted to receiving difficult medical information about their children. The present study was conducted between June 2021 and August 2021. Mothers of 15 children who were patients in the care of Hospice Casa Sperantei, Brasov, RO were identified. Five of the children were diagnosed with oncological diseases, nine with neurological diseases, and one with a genetic disease. Qualitative analysis identified three domains: Diagnosis, Communication Style, and Needs of Mothers. The saturation of the data was reached and further identified several themes related to these categories. Results supported that mothers of children with life-threatening illnesses want to know the truth, and prefer professionals to be patient, gentle, respectful, and to be supportive throughout the course of the illness.
Pregnancy Associated SARS-CoV-2 and Zika Infectious Conditions – Recent Data and Outcomes
Authors: Casap Stela
Published: August 2022

The effects of SARS-CoV-2 and Zika viruses (ZIKV) on pregnant women are undeniable a health emergency. Both viruses have a general impact on the medical system and are an ongoing challenge requiring intense action considering the arising problems generated in the socio-economical system. This paper aims to present an insight into how the Zika virus and SARS-CoV- 2 virus affect maternal and fetal outcomes and it includes a summary of the literature using the PubMed database with a selection of studies from 2016 to 2022. Regarding ZIKV infection during pregnancy and the neonatal outcomes, the evidence shows that congenital Zika syndrome encompasses several malformations mainly in the neurological and visual systems, although the syndrome can affect other organ systems. ZIKV infection is also associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal loss. Based on our findings, SARS-CoV2 infection has fewer maternal-fetal complications compared to Zika virus but the number of pregnancies affected by COVID-19 is higher compared to ZKIV. The current data are essential for understanding the disease profile but further studies should focus on analyzing the development of accurate diagnostic tests for both viruses. Nevertheless, further prospective studies with a large number of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are needed in order to identify a possible disease pattern in infants related to this virus.
Construction and First Validation of a French Scale of Environmental Harassment at Work (EHWS)
Authors: Ein-Eli E. , Scrima F. , Rioux L.
Published: August 2022

Harassment is a form of violence that is increasingly reported in the world of work and has given rise to numerous studies. This article presents the results of a series of five studies to construct and validate the French Environmental Harassment at Work Scale-EHWS. Four hundred and four people employed in various professional sectors (health, education, or services) participated in the five studies. A questionnaire on Environmental Harassment at Work was constructed (Study 1). Study 2 revealed a four-dimensional factor structure, which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (Study 3). The questionnaire was shown to have good reliability (Study 4) and convergent validity (Study 5). The EHWS could be a valuable tool for human resource managers to assess environmental harassment in the organisation, and also for occupational health and safety organisations to highlight the nature of environmental harassment, and how it can be reported and prevented.
A Case Study of the “San Giovanni Di Dio E Ruggi D’aragona” Aou on Acceptance or Hesitancy to the Covid-19 Vaccination Campaign, after the Introduction of the Green Digital Pass
Authors: Cersosimo G. , Moccia G.
Published: August 2022

We aim to articulate the relationships between people's behavior and their vaccination representations according to social characteristics and the role of social media. We conducted our research using questionnaires and content analysis of magazines. Our work underscores how the interconnection among representations, people, experience, doubts about science, and many reiterated ambivalent messages of the media, trigger contradictory positions in most cases. Compared to this, a sociological approach may be useful for identifying the social conditions under which skeptical attitudes towards vaccinations emerge.
The Role of the Prime Minister's Administrative Control (Accountability) Office in Respecting Legality in Public Administration
Authors: Barbu S.G. , Florescu C.M.
Published: August 2022

The Prime Minister's Administrative Control (Accountability) Office is a traditional institution of administrative control in Romania. This authority exercises its purpose and powers on the basis of the constitutional role of the Government in public administration, on the principle of legality, and on the application of the governing program in the light of this principle, as well as on the European principle of good administration.
The Disjunction in the Civil Proceedings
Authors: Dinu Cristina
Published: August 2022

Often found in civil cases, but not exclusively, the institution of disjunction appears as a mechanism for simplifying the trial of cases by separating the trial of cases or certain petitions from the same action, in cases regulated by law. This article aims to analyze the possibility of disjoining a subsidiary petition from complex action, in situations where for the trial of this petition it is necessary to administer evidence that requires a longer period of time.
Verbal Extension and Valence in Gumer Variety of Gurage
Authors: Gewta Fekede Menuta
Published: August 2022

This article aimed to uncover the interaction between verbal extension and valence in the Gumer, an Ethiosemitic language. We used basic linguistic theory (BLT) as a methodology.  We collected data from language assistants living in the Gumer district of Gurage. We grouped verbs in Gumer based on root patterns and morphosyntactic properties. We found four categories of verbal extensions that either increase, decrease or maintain valence. The valence increasing operations are causative and applicative. There are two causative forms, direct and indirect that are expressed with {a-} and {at-}, respectively. Benefactive applicative and malefacive applicative are shown with {-lv}/ {-nv} and {-bv}/ {-wv}, respectively. Valence reducing verbal extensions are passive, reflexive and reciprocal, all shown with a homophonous prefix {tə-}. Valence maintaining verbal extensions in the language are frequentative, intensive and iterative.  There are a few stems forming extensions that encode but do not change valence.
Uji Efektivitas Pupuk Organik Cair Limbah Peternakan Terhadap Tanaman Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir)
Authors: Wulandari Dwi , Dinul Mursyalatiyus Isnainy , Muzaki Khoirul
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair dari limbah peternakan serta konsentrasinya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir). Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah perbandingan perlakuan jenis pupuk organik cair dari limbah peternakan sapi, kambing dan kelinci serta perbandingan konsentrasi 10 cc/liter air, 20 cc/liter air dan 30 cc/liter air. Teknik menghitung yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisa Anova (Uji F) dengan signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik cair dan perlakuan konsentrasi pupuk organik cair dari limbah peternakan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir). Pada kombinasi perlakuan K3D3, yaitu jenis pupuk organik cair dari limbah kelinci dengan konsentrasi 30 cc/liter air memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada parameter panjang tanaman dan jumlah daun, sedangkan pada parameter berat basah dan berat kering menunjukkan pengaruh terbaik pada kombinasi jenis pupuk organik cair dari limbah kambing dengan konsentrasi 20 cc/liter air.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR ON THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT CHAKRA NAGA FURNITURE JEPARA
Authors: Noviyanti Vivi , Sulistiyani Endang , Azizah Azizah
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of emotional intelligence, affective  commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on the employee performance at Chakra Naga Furniture Jepara. This study used a sample of saturated, whereby the entire study population was selected into the sample as many as 50 employees. The data analysis technique used in this study linear analysis techniques with the help of Software Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows. It is showed that emotional intelligence, affective  commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) positive and significant impact on performance. This study shows that the employees that have high intelligence would be optimal in demonstrating their performance. Employees who have a high affective commitment to the organization where his performance will likely increase. This situation is also coupled with employees’s organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) which is high to where he works as well as the other employees will demonstrate improved their performance and attitude that they are likely more sociable, friendly, and more able to accept a job without much complain and denial.  
PERSEPSI PETANI MUDA TERHADAP WIRAUSAHA DI SEKTOR PERTANIAN (Kasus pada Petani Muda di Desa Tenjonagara, Kecamatan Cigalontang, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya)
Authors: Qudrotulloh Heru Mukhamad , Sumarsih Enok , Nuryaman Hendar , Mutiarasari Nurul Risti , Hardiyanto Tito
Published: August 2022

Young generation is a productive workforce who plays an important role in developing agriculture in order to develop Indonesia. This study aims to describe young farmers based on their characteristics and perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, young farmers based on their business background or family livelihood, and analyze the relationship between the characteristics of young farmers and their perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, and the influence of livelihood backgrounds. their families on young farmers' perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector. The research method used a survey method with the number of respondents as many as 20 young farmers. The research was conducted in Tenjonagara Village, Cigalontang District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The data used consists of primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed using Rank Spearman Correlation and Mann Whitney U Test. The results showed that the characteristics of young farmers were in the medium category. Young farmers' perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector are included in the sufficient category. The results also show that there is no relationship between characteristics and perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector and there is no influence between family livelihood background and perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector.
Description of student organization motivation for Lembaga Dakwah Kampus Al-Ihsan UIN Antasari
Authors: Asrani Romita , Sagir Akhmad , Komalasari Shanty
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research is to know the description of students' organizational motivation and the factors that influence it. The subjects in the study were four students from the management of LDK Al-Ihsan UIN Antasari Banjarmasin. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The method of data collection was done by interview technique. The results showed that the subject's organizational motivation was high and all factors influenced the organizational motivation of the student administrators of LDK Al-Ihsan UIN Antasari Banjarmasin.
Development of Realistic Mathematics Learning Materials in Terms of Mathematical Literacy Skills
Authors: Hidayatulloh Faisol , Nasrulloh M Farid , Habibah Fitri
Published: August 2022

Mathematical literacy is very important. This is because mathematical literacy emphasizes the ability of students to analyze, argue about ideas effectively in solving mathematical problems they encounter (OECD, 2009, p.19). Judging from various things, the ministry of education and culture has actually anticipated it by making several curriculum changes. However, in the period 2000 until now there have been three types of curriculum that have been implemented, namely the 2004 curriculum, 2006 curriculum and 2013 curriculum. And by mastering students' mathematical literacy, individuals will be able to reflect on mathematical logic to play a role in their lives, communities, and society. Mathematical literacy makes individuals able to make decisions based on a constructive mathematical mindset. Realistic mathematics learning presents a contextual problem that can be related to local excellence-based educational games. The main goal is that students have high mathematical communication skills towards mathematics. Selin, the introduction of local excellence in educational games to students through learning that can be used as a way to grow the character of students to the local culture of the nation of Indonesia. Advances in technology and information that are not balanced with strong filters will affect the lifestyle of a foreign country. In this development using procedural development model. The development model in this study led to the development model of Sugiyono (2015). However, in this study not all steps are applied, this is because the research conducted is still on a limited scale with no cover into the wider research. Therefore it stages of development begins by doing 1. Planning with identification of potential problems, 2. Create a new design, 3. Validate the design, 4. Design revision, 5. Validate the design and the last 6. Product trials.
ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ В УКРАЇНІ ТА ПОЛЬЩІ: ПОНЯТТЯ, ОСНОВНІ ПРИНЦИПИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Шишлюк Вікторія
Published: August 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню перспектив використання польського досвіду регулювання підприємницької діяльності для України. Проаналізовано поняття, принципи та основні положення законодавства Польщі у сфері підприємницької діяльності – пакету із п’яти актів, відомих як Конституція компаній, ухваленого Сеймом 06.03.2018. Визначено, що Конституція бізнесу складається з актів, які спрямовані на реформування та спрощення регулювання підприємницької діяльності. Розглянуто принципи підприємницької діяльності, закріплені у Законі Республіки Польща про підприємців від 06.03.2018 та статті 44 Господарського кодексу України. Запропоновано внести зміни до статті 44 ГК України та доповнити наведені принципи з урахуванням практики Польщі. Зроблено висновок, що наведені принципи є значною мірою загальними, а їхній зміст формуватиме фактично судова практика.
Diabeł tkwi w szczegółach, czyli o literackim wymiarze przekładów dla dzieci (na przykładzie książek Ulricha Huba i Wolfa Erlbrucha)
Authors: Pieciul-Karmińska Eliza
Published: August 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu jest pytanie o możliwość zachowania w tłumaczeniu lite­rackiego wymiaru książek dla dzieci. Literatura dla dzieci w przekładzie jest często redukowana do funkcji dydaktycznej i rozrywkowej, w wyniku czego oryginalne dzieła tracą swój wymiar estetyczny. Analiza translatorska dwóch utworów współ­czesnych pisarzy niemieckich – An der Arche um Acht [O ósmej na arce] Ulri­cha Huba (2007) oraz Die fürchterlichen Fünf [Straszna piątka] Wolfa Erlbrucha (1990) – odnosi się do następujących zabiegów artystycznych: humoru, gier słow­nych, powtórzeń oraz zabawy stylami językowymi. Dzięki porównaniu oryginałów i wersji polskich wskazać można, że wiele z pozornie nieprzekładalnych elementów dzieła literackiego da się zachować w przekładzie, co pozwala czytelnikom docelo­wym przeżyć te same emocje co czytelnikom tekstów wyjściowych.