bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Export of dairy products of the Altai Region: opportunities, prospects, and problems
Authors: Belyaev V , Butakova M , Goryaninskaya O
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the export potential of dairy products of the Altai region. The factors that determine the possibility of expanding the presence of enterprises in the markets of the near and far abroad are identified and carefully analyzed in the paper.
The development of the agro-industrial complex of transboundary regions within the territory of Greater Altai
Authors: Permyakova E , Svistula I , Sycheva I
Published: November 2019

In this article, the subject of the research is the prospects of integration relations in the border region of Russia based on the concept of polarized development of the territories. In particular, we focus on the Altai Krai with the adjacent territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Our analysis of the existing prerequisites and the current state of the integration processes, as well as the specifics of the development of the regions, shows the possibility of using the agriculture sector as a propulsion industry. More than that, an algorithm for creating a cross-border development axis was proposed.
Feeding capacity and meat productivity of sheep of different breeds in the Republic of Buryatia
Authors: Biltuev S , Achituev V , Zhamyanov B
Published: November 2019

In this article, we studied the feeding and meat productivity of young coarse sheep (Buryat, Mongolian, Tuva, Edilbaev breeds) raised in 4 sheep farms of the Republic of Buryatia. In addition, the paper analyzes the economic efficiency of different breeds.
Culturological aspects of environmental policy in coal mining region
Authors: Kazakov F E , Markov V I , Minenko G N
Published: November 2019

The paper presents an analysis of the problem of environmental safety on the basis of the cultural vision of socio-ecological problems associated with the development of the coal industry in the Kuzbass region. It is emphasized that at the present time, there is a growing crisis in the relations between the man and nature, which is especially evident in such actively interacting with the natural environment regions as the Kuzbass. The article emphasize the statement that the coal industry of the Kuzbass plays such a significant role that its development appears to be socially and culturally important for the entire region. The culture of environmental safety in the coal mining industry affects life and health, in the literal sense of the word, every inhabitant of the region. Therefore, the formation of a high ecological culture should become a strategic priority of the regional policy covering all spheres of life and activity of the Kuzbass population. In this complicated situation, the choice of orientations and motivations in the formation of ecological consciousness, in ecological education acquires a huge role. However, in publications, only environmental education is most often emphasized, and sometimes norms of environmental ethics. The article proposes a broader approach based on the synthesis of rational impact, ethical and aesthetic motivation, as well as on involving young people in the practical volunteer movement in the sphere of ecology.
Study on Sinterability of Magnesium Aluminate Spinel Powders Prepared by Different Technologies
Authors: Yan Zhengguo , Wang Hong , Yu Jingkun
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the phase, structure and sinterability of magnesium aluminate spinel powders prepared by the chemical co-precipitation, low temperature combustion and solid phase reaction methods were studied. The results show that the uniform nanometer magnesium aluminate spinel powders are prepared from precursor via the chemical co-precipitation, calcined at 700°C. Using the low temperature combustion method, the agglomeration, complete crystalline nanometer magnesium aluminate spinel powders are prepared at the thermal explosion temperature of 400°C. For the magnesium aluminate spinel micrometre powders synthesized by the solid phase reaction method, the phases are mainly spinel with a little of periclase and corundum phase. The sinterability of powders prepared by chemical co-precipitation method is the best, but that of powders synthesized by low temperature combustion and solid phase reaction methods are poor.
Synthesis of Nano-Sized TiB2 and TiC Particles During Spark Plasma Sintering of Ball-Milled Ti-Cu Alloy + B(C) and Ti+Cu+B mixtures
Authors: Dudina Dina V. , Vidyuk Tomila M. , Korchagin Michail A. , Bulina Natalia V. , Datekyu Masanari , Kato Hidemi
Published: November 2019

Ti-B-Cu and Ti-C-Cu systems are interesting from the viewpoint of the development of ceramic particle-reinforced copper matrix composites. In this work, the phase and structural evolution upon the interaction of Ti33Cu67 and Ti25Cu75 alloys obtained by melt spinning with carbon or boron was studied. The reactions were carried out in the ball-milled mixtures subjected to Spark Plasma Sintering at 900 °C. The products of the reactions were composites containing TiC or TiB2 nanoparticles distributed in the copper matrix. The in-situ synthesized TiC and TiB2 nanoparticles were extremely fine (10-20 nm). The distribution pattern of the particles in the matrix was similar in the TiC-Cu and TiB2-Cu systems: composite regions were intermixed with copper regions free from the ceramic particles. It was shown that, when the Ti25Cu75 alloy was melted first by heating up to 900 °C and then forced to interact with carbon, TiC particles two orders of magnitude larger in size grew in the copper matrix.
Mechanical Properties of ZrO2 Honeycomb Sandwich Structures by 3D Printing
Authors: Gao Shuyue , Wang Cao , Zhao Zhe
Published: November 2019

Honeycomb sandwich structures were widely used in lightweight design. However, the difficulties with the fabrication process actually highly limit their practical usage, especially for ceramic materials. In this paper, 3 mol% yttria-stabilized ZrO2 (3Y-TZP) honeycomb sandwich structures with square and hexagonal cell were prepared successfully by using digital light processing (DLP) printing method. With a base material density of >6.02g/cm3, square/hexagonal honeycomb sandwich structures with structural density of 42.89%-66.24% were achieved by modifying unit cell wall thickness. It can be concluded that square honeycomb cell is preferred for getting higher bending strength at the same structural density.
Preparation of Mullite Fiber Reinforced Mullite Composites
Authors: Luan Qiang , Wei Qihong , Wang Hongsheng , He Juan , Shao Changtao , Gao Wenqiu , Liu Xiaojun , Shi Jiang , Su Tong
Published: November 2019

In this paper, mullite fiber reinforced mullite composites were prepared by stitched structural perform, the silica sol and alumina sol. In order to improve the compatibility of mullite fiber and silica sol matrix, interface coating was made by infiltration. The composites were prepared by the method of liquid phase infiltration, and the suitable ceramic heat treatment temperature was 750∼900°C though testing the damage of fiber strength after heat -treatment at different temperatures. Results showed that SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 interface coating could uniformly distribute on the surface of mullite fibers, and the appropriate interfacial bonding strength was obtained, which made a contribution to the high density mullite fiber reinforced mullite composite, whose density reached 1.75∼1.8g/cm3, tensile strength, bending strength and compressive strength reached 48.7MPa,65.4MPa and 82.7MPa, respectively. Dielectric constant was 3.2±0.1, Loss angle tangent was less than8×10-3.So mullite fiber reinforced mullite composites became a new generation of high temperature wave- transparent material.
Preparation of High-Performance 2D Si3N4f/SiBN Ceramic Matrix Composites by Precursor Infiltration Pyrolysis
Authors: Ma X , Liang YY , Qiu H P , Wang L , Liu S H
Published: November 2019

Continuous nitride fiber reinforced nitride matrix composite has been recognized as a promising microwave transparent radome material. The preparation of 2D silicon nitride fibers fabric reinforced silicon boronitride ceramic composites through polyborosilazane precursor infiltration pyrolysis routine is reported. The effects of thermal molding process on the properties and microstructure of theSi3N4f/SiBN composites were studied. The results show that the optimal molding pressure was 6 MPa due to the fine interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. The Si3N4f/SiBN composites exhibits brittle fracture characteristic, the flexural strength and elastic modulus182.7 MPa and 51.1 GPa respectively, and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss are 4.12 and 8.82×10−3, respectively. The Si3N4f/SiBN composites get the best comprehensive performance.
Tension-Tension Fatigue of 2.5D-SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Zhang Bing-yu , Qiu Hai-peng , Tian Yuan , Chen Ming-wei , Chen Shan-hua
Published: November 2019

In order to investigate the influence of Tension-tension fatigue behavior of fiber reinforced ceramic-matrix composites, SiC/SiC composites with 2.5D fiber architecture were prepared via Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis (PIP) method. Tension-tension fatigue behavior of SiC/SiC composites was investigated in 1000°C and 1200°C, under fatigue stresses ranging from 70 to 120MPa at a frequency of 1.0 Hz, under oxidizing atmosphere. Fatigue life of SiC/SiC composites achieved 305, 984 cycles at 1200°C/70MPa, and 252, 988 cycles at 1200°C/108MPa, which were longer than test in 1000°C. Composite microstructure, as well as failure mechanism was investigated. The main reason that cause tension-tension fatigue failure of SiC/SiC composites are oxidation damage and stress damage. The microstructure of SiC/SiC composites demonstrated that the oxidation of interfaces and SiC fibers caused the failure of the composites. Under the load of alternating stress, the original voids and cracks in the material preparation process will be widened, and new cracks will be generated, for cracked SiC/SiC composites, oxygen in is especially serious at intermediate temperatures(∼800°C) where it can reach the SiC fiber before being sealed off by slow-glowing silica on the matrix crack surface, therefore, tension-tension fatigue life of SiC/SiC composites at 1000°C is lower than 1200°C.
Preparation and Properties of Porous SiC/SiC Composites
Authors: Xie W J , Zhao Y L , Wang Q M , Guan H , Qiu H P
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preparation and properties of porous SiC fiber reinforced SiC matrix (SiC/SiC) composites. SiC/SiC composites were prepared by polymer impregnation pyrolysis (PIP) progress with polycarbosilane (PCS) as impregnate and SiC fiber as reinforcement. The pores of the composites were pre-introduced by regulating the distribution of yarns during the braiding of the fiber preform. The apparent porosity, pore structure and the tensile strength were studied and compared with the laser drilling composites. The results show that the properties of the composites pre-perforated by fiber preforms are superior to the composites drilled by laser.
Oxidation Behavior of TiB2/Ta-W Composites
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Chen Yuhong , Zhao Chenghui , Jiang Liang , Wang Hongye
Published: November 2019

TiB2/Ta-W composites and Ta-10W alloy are prepared by hot-press sintering. The composites and alloy are oxidized in air at 700°C, 800°C and 900°C, respectively. The phase components of the as-prepared composites, alloy and oxidized layer were analyzed through XRD and SEM/EDS. The results showed that TiB2 reacted with both tantalum and tantalum oxide on the surface of Ta particles, which leads to the formation of intermetallic compounds Ta2B and Ta3B2. An oxidation layer of Ta2O5 solid solution was identified. Oxidation kinetics curves of all samples in air obeyed liner law, because a stable protective oxide scale could not be formed on the surface of samples.
PAS Fabrication and Densification Mechanism of B-Al-Ti-C System Ceramics
Authors: Luo Guoqiang , Fan Peng , Kang Kejia , Sun Yi , Zhang Jian , Shen Qiang , Zhang Lianmeng
Published: November 2019

In this paper, B-Al-Ti-C system ceramics were fabricated by plasma activated sintering(PAS) technique. The final sintered products consisted mainly of AlB12C2 and TiB2. The specimens could be densified at the temperature of 1460 °C∼1600 °C, which is near 400 °C lower than the dense pure AlB12C2 and TiB2 ceramics. The sintered samples are nearly fully dense, and there are substantially no pores observed by observing the SEM photograph. The mechanism of low temperature densification and the phenomenon of varied specimens during sintering were explained in details in this study.
Effect of Pyrolytic Carbon Coating on Properties of Cf/C-SiC-ZrC Ceramic Matrix Composites
Authors: Su C.L. , Zhou Y.Y. , Jiang K. , Yang F.H. , Xu H.Z. , Zhou C.L. , Liu F.T.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, Cf-SiC-ZrC, Cf/C-SiC-ZrC composites which the pyrolytic carbon (PyC) coating with the thickness of 0.1 μm, 0.3 μm and 0.5 μm were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process combined with precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process. Then, SEM, XRD and other methods were used to test the microstructure, flexural strength, fracture toughness and static oxidation of the composites. The results show that after the CVD process, PyC with higher degree of graphitization is deposited on the carbon fiber surface, which can avoid damage to the carbon fiber caused by the PIP process for preparing the ceramic matrix composite. The mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of Cf/C-SiCZrC ceramic matrix composites are higher than Cf-SiC-ZrC composites, and the flexural strength reached 283 MPa, the fracture toughness reached 4.40 MPa•m1/2. After oxidation for 30 min at 1400°C, we found that the composite with PyC coating of 0.3 μm had good oxidation resistance.
Effect of Hot Pressure Parameters on W-SiC/Cu Composites Densification
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Shen Qiang , Zhang Jian , Luo Guoqiang , Sun Yi , Li Yuan , Zhang Lianmeng
Published: November 2019

In the paper, 30W-30SiC/40wt.%Cu composites were fabricated by tape casting and hot-pressing sintering. Microstructures of the W-SiC/Cu green tape and the green tape after organic additives removal were studied. The results showed that W, Cu and SiC particles exhibited a uniform distribution. The effects of sintering temperature, sintering pressure and holding time on the microstructures, porosity, and density of the W-SiC/Cu composites were investigated. The results showed the porosity of the W-SiC/Cu composites decreased and the density increased with the increasing of the sintering temperature, sintering pressure and holding time. The porosity and density of the W-SiC/Cu composite prepared at the condition of 900 °C- 200 MPa- 2 h achieved 0.52 % and 9.84 g/cm3.
Fabrication of Transparent Yb:Sc2O3 Ceramics by Hot Isostatic Pressing Without Sintering Additive
Authors: Ma Mingzhen , Dong Linlin , Jing Wei , Xu Tao , Kang Bin , Hou Feng
Published: November 2019

Highly transparent Yb:Sc2O3 ceramics were successfully fabricated using commercially powders without any sintering additive by a hot-isostatic-press (HIP) method. The ceramics were sintered at 1700°C in vacuum followed by HIP at 1680°C to obtain a relatively high transmittance. The effects of Yb doping concentrations on the microstructure and transmittance were investigated, respectively. The samples with a doping concentration of 10 at% achieved the highest transmittance, which showed 79.4% at a wavelength of 800 nm. The fluorescence emission spectroscopy suggests that it is promising to achieve laser output at around 1080 nm. These results may afford a enchiridion for comprehending the microstructural development of transparent Yb:Sc2O3 ceramics without sintering additive.
Effects of SiC Micro-Powder Content on Properties of RSiC Porous Ceramics Supports
Authors: Liang Pengpeng , Wu Jiguang , Han Jianshen , Wang Gang , Zhang Qi , Li Luning
Published: November 2019

The sintering mechanism of recrystallized silicon carbide (RSiC) is mainly “the evaporation-condensation process” of silicon carbide. In the process of sintering, no liquid phase is generated and the samples almost do not shrink. After sintering, the pore connectivity of the specimens comes excellent, so the gas permeability of the RSiC porous ceramic supports is very good. The influences of SiC micro-powder content on the properties of the supports were investigated. Specifically, the open porosity, cold modulus of rupture, hot modulus of rupture at 1200°C, pore size distribution, and gas permeability of samples were measured. The microstructure and phase composition of samples were also analyzed by SEM and XRD. Our results show that RSiC porous ceramic supports with not-too-high apparent porosity but excellent permeability and mechanical properties at room and high temperature can be prepared by simply adjusting the amount of SiC micro-powder.
Delaying Effect of NaCl on The Conversion of Hydrates of Calcium Aluminate Cement
Authors: Ping Wang Zhong , Yu Yang Hao , Zhao Ya Ting , Lin Xu Ling , Wang Jiang , Jia Da Li
Published: November 2019

The effect of NaCl on the conversion of hydration products of calcium aluminate cement(CAC) was determined by means of MIP, XRD, DSC-TG and SEM. Results show that the addition of NaCl promotes the formation of CAH10 at early hydration stage. The total porosity and proportion of harmful pore in hardened CAC paste with NaCl are lower and the 7d-strength is 40% higher than that of the control. The later curing at 40°C accelerates the conversion from metastable C2AH8, CAH10 to C3AH6, and the strength decreases with the increasing of curing age. After 90 days, there is no metastable hydrate detected in CAC paste. However, the addition of Niacin CAC paste can prominently delay the conversion of C-A-H. Massive CAH10 still exists in the paste with NaCl, resulting in a slower retraction of late strength.
Effect of Protective Coatings on Frost Resistance of Concrete Structures in Northeast Coastal Areas
Authors: Caiyun WU , Li Weihong , Zhang Cheng , Jinpeng FAN
Published: November 2019

Dalian is located in the northeast coastal area, and the complex environment has caused severe freezing and thawing damage to the marine concrete. The experiment used polyurea, polyurethane, epoxy mortar to protect the concrete surface, and then carried out indoor rapid freeze-thaw test to analyze the effect of coating on the antifreeze performance of concrete. The concrete samples were subjected to mercury intrusion test before and after the freeze-thaw cycle to analyze the pore structure changes of the concrete before and after erosion. The test results show that the concrete covered by protective coating has a lower mass loss rate and a higher dynamic elastic modulus than the unprotected concrete, the order of anti-freezing performance of the protective coating from strong to weak is: epoxy mortar > polyurethane > polyurea. By isolating the concrete from the corrosive environment, the protective coating can delay the ingress of corrosive materials, slow the tendency of harmless pores in the concrete to multiple the harmful holes and harmful pores, improve the frost resistance of the concrete, and prolong the use of the concrete structure life.
Research on Rebound Rate of Nano-Scale Admixture Wet-Mix Shotcrete
Authors: Wei Ning Feng , Bo Cai Yue , Bai Yin , Tong Ding Jian , Zhang Feng
Published: November 2019

High rebound rate and low construction efficiency are outstanding problems for traditional shotcrete. To solve these problems, Nano-scale admixture (NSA) was used to prepare high performance wet-mix shotcrete. Tests of sidewall rebound rate and overall rebound rate were carried out to study the effect of NSA. A total of eight mixtures were measured to assess the effect of impact factors such as active admixture variety (silica fume and NSA), NSA content (7.5%, 10% and 12.5%) and NSA fineness (128nm, 137nm and 147nm) on rebound rate. The results indicated that the sidewall rebound rate and overall rebound rate of shotcrete were reduced by 17% and 25% respectively when NSA replaced silica fume at the same content, which was about 10% with respect to the total amount of cementing materials. Rebound rate decreased as NSA content increased from 7.5% to 12.5%. Rebound rate also could be reduced when particle size of NSA deceased from 147nm to 128nm. The results confirmed the role of NSA in reducing rebound rate of shotcrete. NSA could promote the adhesion between shotcrete and receiving surface, improve the cohesion in mixtures, which could keep such as coarse aggregate, synthetic fiber from being rebounded out of cementing paste. Therefore, the rebound rate was reduced.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Structure, Morphology and Surface Properties of Halloysite
Authors: Wu Hongdan , Zhang Jinhua , Zhou Zhihui
Published: November 2019

Halloysite was one of the nanoscale tubular minerals in nature. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of heat treatment on structure, morphology and surface properties of tubular halloysite, which were significant in the applications of halloysite as functional materials but had received scant attention in comparison with kaolinite. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TG-DSC), field scanning eletron microscope (FSEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and surface area measurement (BET) were adopted to characterize raw and heated minerals. The interior diameter of halloysite tube was about 50 nm, and the length of tube was in the range of 0.5-1.0 μm. A series of substantial changes in crystalline structure and phase state occured in halloysite after heated treatment. The FSEM and TEM images of halloysite showed that the unheated halloysite particles possessed typical cylindrical shapes and contained transparent central areas that run long-itudinally along the cylinder, indicating that the cylinders were hollow and open ended. The morphology of the halloysite had no obvious change before and after heat treatment. Specific surface areas (SBET) of the raw and heated mineral below 800 °C were similar (in the range of 35-36 m2/g), suggesting that it still maintained tubular structure.
Study on Flakes of a Steel Roller
Authors: Peng Cheng-Hong , Zhu Wei-Heng , Liu Zheng-Yi
Published: November 2019

The study of flakes is rare, but once it occurs, the material will suddenly burst, and the consequences are very serious. In this paper, the surface burst reason of a steel rolling mill backup roll was analyzed. The backup roll material meets a criterion of 86CrMoV7 ingredient, there are silver gray round and oval defects on macro fracture surface, visually there are more silver gray white fisheyes on the debris of the failure roller. Microscopic fracture morphology has obvious brittle fracture characteristics. The hydrogen of local surface area measured failure roller reaches 9×10−4 %, more than three times the allowable amount that flake no appear. Failure roll hairline cracks, or snow flakes assessed according to the standard are grade 2-3, which is a more serious flake level. The analysis results show that the flake is the main cause of the backup roll premature failure.
Study on the IGZO Ceramics Sintered at Different Temperatures
Authors: Qi Chao , Zhong Jingming , Chen Jie , Luo Wen , Sun Benshuang , Liu Bingning , Shu Yongchun , He Jilin
Published: November 2019

In this study, the IGZO target was synthesized through a pressureless oxygen atmosphere sintering technique, and the effects of sintering temperature on IGZO ceramic target were studied. The In2O3, Ga2O3 and ZnO powders in the mole ratio of 1:1:2 were selected as raw materials. The powders were mixed by ball milling, and then the granulation and pressing process were used in order to obtain the green compacts. Then the green compacts were sintered at different temperature under oxygen atmosphere. The microstructure characterizations and compositions of the IGZO ceramic targets were analyzed. The results indicated that the lower sintering temperature was beneficial for IGZO ceramics to form the regular polygonal grains. With the temperature increased, the densification of IGZO ceramics was highly activated, and the low porosity was obtained. The XRD results demonstrated that the single phase of InGaZnO4 had been generated at 1100°C and no phase transformation occurred between 1300°C and 1500 °C. However, the SEM results showed that the grain growth of IGZO target was very obvious at 1500°C. The IGZO ceramic had a highest relative density of 99.4% and optimal resistivity of 18 mΩ·cm at the sintering temperature of 1400°C.
Fabrication and Application of Superhydrophobic MultiStage Structure Separation Membranes
Authors: Li Huaxin , Chen Junyong , Yue Xian , Yu Xianbo , Xiang Junhui
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the copper mesh was used as the base material, and the uniform nanowire structure was obtained by surface modification of the base material. The hydrophobic silica nanoparticles were grown in situ on the nanowires to obtain the prepared material with SiO2 nanoparticles/Cu(OH)2 nanowires (SiO2NPs/CuNWs) multi-stage structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that a large amount of methyl (-CH3) was present on the surface of the prepared material after modification of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS). Because of the existence of -CH3, the surface energy of the prepared material was reduced, so the hydrophilic substrate surface was changed into hydrophobic surface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface of the prepared material was uniformly distributed with SiO2NPs/CuNWs multi-stage structure, which improved the surface roughness of the base material, thus, the hydrophobic property was greatly improved. The contact angle (CA) of water droplet at the interface reaches 154°, indicating that the prepared material had excellent hydrophobic properties. Based on the porosity and surface hydrophobicity of the prepared material, it can be used to separate various oil-water mixtures efficiently.
The Correlation Between Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO Particles Prepared by Mild Wet Chemical Method
Authors: Ai Jianping , Liao Weixiu , Zhou Zehua , Cheng Lihong , Chen Zhiqin , Hu Changyuan , Zhang Yue , Luo Shanshan , Li Wenkui
Published: November 2019

Flower-like and roughly spherical ZnO nanocrystalline have been successfully synthesized through mild wet chemical method. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared photocatalysts were evaluated by degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and phenol under UV light irradiation. Remarkably, the roughly spherical ZnO powder via homogeneous precipitation method exhibited superior photocatalytic performance and better photo-stability than that of flower-like ZnO substrate by hydrothermal synthesis way. The enhanced photocatalytic properties could be attributed to more active catalytic sites and superior charges separation efficiency.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of g-C3N4 Modified with AgSAPO-5 for Photodegrading Rhodamine B
Authors: Qiu Lingfang , Zhou Zhiwei , Yang Yuyu , Yang Fang , Duo Shuwang
Published: November 2019

In this study, AgNO3 solution was used to modify natural SAPO-5 zeolite and hybrid AgSAPO-5 zeolite was formed. The effect of the concentration of AgNO3 solution on AgSAPO-5 was discussed. The crystal phase and elements in frameworks of AgSAPO-5 samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR and EDS. AgSAPO-5 with highest visible-light adsorption verified by DRS was used to prepare AgSAPO-5/g-C3N4 composites. The mass ratio of AgSAPO-5 and g-C3N4 was changed. AgSAPO-5/g-C3N4 composites were also characterized by XRD, DRS and PL. The band structure of g-C3N4 was changed successfully so that the light adsorption changed. The much lower intensities of AgSAPO-5/g-C3N4 composites declare that the combination rate of g-C3N4 was retarded significantly. The composites were tested for photocatalytic activity in rhodamine B (10 mg/L) solution under visible light illumination. The results showed that AgSAPO-5/g-C3N4 composite with a mass ratio of 15% exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance with an efficiency of 90.56% within 50 min.
Fabrication and Microwave Absorption Performances of FeNi-CoFe2O4-PANI Composites
Authors: Li Ze , Wang Jianjiang , Zhao Fang
Published: November 2019

Flake FeNi alloys were fabricated by micromachining, CoFe2O4 and PANI were loaded on the surface of the flake FeNi alloys by coprecipitation and in-situ polymerization. Finally the FeNi/CoFe2O4/PANI composites with electromagnetic absorption properties were obtained. The morphology, composition and microwave absorbing properties of the composites were studied by SEM, XRD, FTIR and VNA. The results showed that CoFe2O4/PANI is deposited on the surface of the matrix, and a small amount was dissociated. The permittivity and the low-frequency absorbing property of the composites was improved. At the frequency of 2.2GHz, the lowest reflection reached -12.2dB. By analyzed the electromagnetic properties and using the theory of 1/4 wavelength interference cancellation, the reasons for the improvement of low frequency absorbing properties of composites were explained.
Extraction of Potassium from Biotite by Sr2+/K+ Exchange Method and Electrochemical Properties of Hydrated Sr-Mica
Authors: Yao Donghui , Huang Zhiliang , Pan Bingbing , Zhao Zhouqiao
Published: November 2019

Soluble potassium has been successfully extracted from biotite by Sr2+/K+ ion exchange. The hydrated Sr-mica after ion exchange has better electrochemical properties. The potassium extraction rate, mica silicate structure and electrochemical properties (charge-discharge and cycling properties) before and after ion exchange were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer and constant current charge-discharge cycle technology. The results show that after 10 hours of strontium ion exchange, the layered silicate structure is not destroyed. The maximum potassium extraction rate is 98%. The biotite gradually transforms into vermiculite strontium mica to form strontium mica, and the basal (001) spacing expands from 1.001 nm to 1.517 nm. The electrochemical properties of hydrated Sr-mica obtained after exchange have been improved.
Facile Synthesis of Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide-ZnFe2O4 Composites with Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Ai Jianping , Xu Weihang , Zhang Ruibo , Su Kaiyu , Hu Liling , Cheng Lihong , Ouyang Xiaohua , Li Wenkui
Published: November 2019

Magnetic ZnFe2O4-the reduced graphene (rGO) nanocomposites (ZnFe2O4-rGO NCs) have been successfully synthesized by a facile solvothermal method. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared photocatalysts were evaluated by degradation of methylene blue (MB) dyes under visible-light irradiation. In comparison with ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles(NPs) catalyst, the ZnFe2O4-rGO NCs can generate more hydroxyl radicals (•OH) via photoelectron chemical decomposition of H2O2. Moreover, the as-prepared ZnFe2O4-rGO NCs can magnetically separable in a suspension system. Therefore, they can be conveniently applied to dispose toxic organic pollutants during water treatment.
Research on the Robot’s Automatic Road Detection Technology with SRPS
Authors: Jianzhong Zhang , Qiang Xu
Published: November 2019

Road detection technology has been widely used in many fields, such as vehicle’s assisted driving, robot autonomous navigation, military defense, public security and so on. In this paper, the road detection method based on sensitive region pixel sequence (SRPS) solution is studied. Firstly, the recent advances of the road detection method based on machine vision are summarized. Secondly, analyses the principle of road detection technology based on sensitive region pixel sequence (SRPS) solution to improve road detection efficiency and accuracy of the vision method. Finally, experimental results show that the sensitive region pixel sequence (SRPS) solution has an important significance to reduce the calculation cost of the robot’s road detection system.
Effect of Alum Sludge and Metakaolin as a Partial Replacement Cement Adding Superplastizer
Authors: Vasudevan Gunalaan
Published: November 2019

The most important activities that improve the economy of Malaysia is the construction industry. Hence it will cause the usage of the concrete increase. When the concrete usage increase, it also increase the cement use because cement is the primary material that forms the concrete and during the production of the cement, it will cause the emission of carbon dioxide which will harm the environment as well as people in Malaysia. After that, alum sludge also caused a lot environment problem because it is lack of potential to be reused in other industry and it needs to be treated before it disposed of, which will cause the financial problem to the government. After the treatment, the economical ways to dispose of it is by using landfill method. But due to a limited landfill site in Malaysia and it is the temporary solution for the disposal of the waste, it becomes a problem to Malaysia and the number of the alum sludge keeping increase year by year because of the population increase year by year too. The purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of this combination. The research method that use in this study is by taking out some experiment such as slump test also known as workability test, compressive strength test, flexural strength test, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test (direct and semi-direct method) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the concrete day-age 7, 14 and 28 days. The result gets these test is the 10% alum sludge as a partial replacement for metakaolin in concrete adding superplasticizer (Sika Viscocrete 208) is the best replacement level in term of the workability compressive strength, Flexural strength, speed of the UPV and in scanning electron microscope. After 10% replacement level, the reading all suffer a downturn. Additionally, when the day-age of the concrete increase, the reading will be increase too. This happens to all the replacement level and the 10% replacement level with 28 day-age achieve the highest reading in this study. The contribution and implications of the findings are the using the 10% of the alum sludge as a partial replacement for metakaolin in concrete adding superplasticizer (Sika Viscocrete 208) is the best replacement level compare to others.
Numerical Simulation of Wave Landing Loads Characteristics of Twin-Float Seaplane
Authors: Qi HU , Bin WU , Ming-Zhen Wang , Miao Huang , Rong Jiang
Published: November 2019

The coupled Euler-Lagrangian method is used to simulate the load characteristics of a Twin-Float seaplane when it is landing in waves. The fluid domain is described by Euler, the structure is described by Lagrangian, and the coupling interaction between the Euler material and the Lagrangian element is simulated by the enhanced immersion boundary method. Firstly, a three-dimensional numerical wave tank is established, and the accuracy of numerical wave-making is verified by linear wave theory. Then, the numerical calculation of seaplane wave landing load at different wave heights with the same wave length is carried out, Lastly the numerical results compared with the model experiment of towing tank. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the model experiment results. The results show that there will be obvious bouncing phenomena when the seaplane landed in the wave, and the higher the wave height is, the greater the load will be generated when the wave length is the same.
A Multi-Objective Model with Probability Constraints of Trans-Provincial Hydropower Consumption Considering Dynamic Stability Limit
Authors: Yang Ke , Mao Rui , Wen Xu , Gao Chuncheng , Huang Miao , Yan Wei
Published: November 2019

With the rapid development of clean energy and serious delay of grid construction, water abandonment is becoming more and more severe. Under this condition, this paper proposed a multi-objective model with probability constraints of trans-provincial hydropower consumption considering dynamic stability limit. Firstly, a mathematical expression about the dynamic stability limit of trans-provincial channel is constructed. Secondly, a risk assessment index of abandoned water is established on the basis of semi-absolute deviation. Then, based on the framework of stochastic programming, a multi-objective model with probability constraints is proposed for hydropower transmission in trans-provincial trade. By means of genetic algorithm with embedded Monte-Carlo simulation technology, the model can be solved efficiently. Finally, data of Tibet power grid is calculated to verify the validity and universality of the research. The results show that the established model can achieve optimal economic benefit between grid companies and generation enterprises, and also effective management of water abandonment risk.
Design and Evaluation of Scene-Based Product Device
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Yan Dong
Published: November 2019

The production of persimmon has a long history, however, the traditional production of persimmon depends mainly on manpower and is greatly affected by the natural weather. The yield and quality cannot be guaranteed which affects the taste, sales and word of mouth. According to the scenario design program, four kinds of user requirement models are constructed. After systematic analysis, four functional principle schemes are obtained, and five evaluation indexes are summarized. Finally, scheme 4 is selected as the most ideal scheme. Through the research and application of scenario design method in the process of product design, this paper provides an evaluation method for the evaluation of the product design, which helps designers to determine the direction of product development effectively.
Design of High-Efficiency Refrigerator Test System for Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Xian Lintao , Jing Wei , Yang Chao
Published: November 2019

Smart homes are developing rapidly, and refrigerators are an indispensable part of “smart homes”. Therefore, the research efficiency and quality assurance of refrigerators are highly valued by home appliance companies. Refrigerator test is required in both research and production processes. At present, the quality test of refrigerator has a high degree of manual participation, such as the selection of the stable operating range of refrigerator and the conversion of test stage require manual determination, which cause low test efficiency and high electric energy consumption. In order to solve these problems, this paper design a High-Efficiency Refrigerator Test System (HERTS) for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The core test data intelligent analysis module realizes timely determination of test data and automatic transition of test stage. The proposed HERTS increases the efficiency of automate refrigerator test and greatly reduces the power consumption.
Influence of acoustic treatment and nature of solvents on viscosity of heavy oils
Authors: Volkova G I , Morozova A V
Published: November 2019

The article summarizes experimental data on the influence of acoustic treatment and the nature of solvents on the viscosity of oil from the Timan-Pechora and the Volga-Ural oil and gas-bearing basin. A combined treatment of oils, including acoustic exposure to 22 kHz and the addition of a chemical reagent was carried out. It is shown that the introduction of 1.75% wt alkaline solution of isobutyl alcohol leads to a decrease in oil viscosity of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas-bearing basin by 35%. After complex treatment (acoustic exposure for 1 min and the addition of reagent) the viscosity decreased by 60%. The introduction of alkaline chemicals into the oil of the Volga-Ural oil and gas-bearing basin does not lead to a decrease in viscosity. Oil viscosity decreases by 2.1 times after the introduction of 3% wt solvent P-12 (60% toluene, 10% xylene, 30% butyl acetate). Viscosity reduces by further 18% after acoustic exposure. Thus, the maximum viscosity reduction of heavy oils can be achieved by using the combined treatment including of acoustic exposure and addition of the selected chemical reagent.
Identification of Penicillium species by MALDI-TOF MS analysis of spores collected by dielectrophoresis
Authors: Reeve Michael A , Bachmann Denise , Caine Thelma S
Published: November 2019

In matrix-assisted laser-desorption and ionization mass spectrometry, spectral differences are frequently observed using different growth media on agar plates and/or different growth times in culture, which add undesirable analytical variance. In this article, we explore an approach to the above problem based upon the rationale that, while protein expression in fungal mycelium may well vary under different growth conditions, this might not apply to the same extent in fungal spores. To this end, we have exploited the fact that while mycelium is generally anchored to the fungal-growth substrate, some fungi produce physically-isolated spores which, as such, are amenable to manipulation using dielectrophoresis (the translational motion of charged or uncharged matter caused by polarization effects in a non-uniform electrical field). Such fields can be conveniently generated through the charging of an insulator using the triboelectric effect (the transfer of charge between two objects through friction when they are rubbed together). In this study, polystyrene microbiological inoculating loops were used in combination with nylon-fabric rubbing to harvest fungal spores from five species from within the genus Penicillium, which were grown on agar plates containing two different media over an extended time course. In terms of average Bruker spectral-comparison scores, our method generated higher scores in 80% of cases tested and, in terms of average coefficients of variation, our method generated lower spectral variability in 93% of cases tested. Harvesting of spores using a rapid, inexpensive and simple dielectrophoretic method, therefore, facilitates improved fungal identification for the Penicillium species tested.
Selling Drugs on Darkweb Cryptomarkets: Differentiated Pathways, Risks and Rewards
Authors: Martin James , Munksgaard Rasmus , Coomber Ross , Demant Jakob , Barratt Monica J
Published: November 2019

Cryptomarkets, anonymous online markets where illicit drugs are exchanged, have operated since 2011, yet there is a dearth of knowledge on why people use these platforms to sell drugs, with only one previous study involving interviews with this novel group. Based on 13 interviews with this hard to reach population, and data analysis critically framed from perspectives of economic calculation, the seductions of crime, and drift and techniques of neutralization, we examine the differentiated motivations for cryptomarket selling. Throughout the interviews, we observe an appreciation for the gentrified norms of cryptomarkets and conclude that cryptomarket sellers are motivated by concerns of risks and material rewards, as well as non-material attractions in a variety of ways that both correspond with, and differ from, existing theories of drug selling.
Abundant Self-Amplifying Intermediate Progenitors in the Subventricular Zone of the Chinese Tree Shrew Neocortex
Authors: Yin Chonghai , Zhou Xin , Yao Yong-Gang , Wang Wei , Wu Qian , Wang Xiaoqun
Published: November 2019

During evolution, neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) have fundamental functions, ranging from brain volume expansion to the generation of a six-layered neocortex. In lissencephalic animal models, such as rodents, the majority of neural progenitors in the SVZ are intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs). Most IPCs in rodents undergo neurogenic division, and only a small portion of them divide a very limited number of times to generate a few neurons. Meanwhile, in gyrencephalic animals, such as primates, IPCs are able to self-renew for up to five successive divisions. However, abundant IPCs with successive proliferative capacity have not been directly observed in nonprimate species. In this study, we examined the development of neural progenitors in the Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis), a lissencephalic animal with closer affinity than rodents to primates. We identified an expansion of the SVZ and the presence of outer radial glial (oRG) cells in the neocortex. We also found that IPCs have the capacity to self-amplify multiple times and therefore serve as major proliferative progenitors. To our knowledge, our study provides the first direct evidence of abundant IPCs with proliferative potential in a nonprimate species, further supporting the key role of IPCs in brain expansion.
Motor and Limbic System Contribution to Emotional Laughter across the Lifespan
Authors: Talami Francesca , Vaudano Anna Elisabetta , Meletti Stefano
Published: November 2019

Laughter is a universal human behavior generated by the cooperation of different systems toward the construction of an expressive vocal pattern. Given the sensitivity of neuroimaging techniques to movements, the neural mechanisms underlying laughter expression remain unclear. Herein, we characterized the neural correlates of emotional laughter using the onsets and the duration of laughter bursts to inform functional magnetic resonance imaging. Laughter-related blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) increases involved both the motor (motor cortex, supplementary motor area, frontal operculum) and the emotional/limbic (anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, n. accumbens, hippocampus) systems, as well as modulatory circuitries encompassing the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum. BOLD changes related to the 2 s preceding the laughter outbreak were selectively observed at the temporo-occipital junction and the periaqueductal gray matter, supporting the role of the former in the detection of incongruity and the gating role of the latter in the initiation of spontaneous laughter. Moreover, developmental changes were identified in laughter processing, consisting in a greater engagement of the reward circuitry in younger subjects; conversely, the default mode network appears more activated in older participants. Our findings contribute valuable information about the processing of real-life humorous materials and suggest a close link between laughter-related motor, affective, and cognitive elements, confirming its complex and multi-faceted nature.