bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UK Kidney Association virtual chronic kidney disease summit
Authors: Peracha Javeria , Limbu Sonya , Selwood Jessica , Soe Lae T , Cockwell Paul , Sinha Smeeta , Dreyer Gavin , Elsolia Ahmed
Published: July 2023

The UK Kidney Association arranged the ‘Chronic kidney disease: delivering new models of care through primary and specialist care integration’ national summit in November 2021. This bought together approximately 100 members of renal multiprofessional team from across the UK to discuss the current challenges and details of new and emerging models of integrated CKD care. Key proceedings from this summit are outlined in this paper
Challenges and opportunities of renal social work
Authors: Eyre Margaret
Published: July 2023

This case study shows the importance and specialised nature of renal social work alongside workforce challenges
STOP—Safety, Taping, Observation, Pressure monitoring
Authors: Spooner Helen , Stronach Lynsey
Published: July 2023

In this piece, the Association of Nephrology Nurses (ANN) UK provides details on the STOP programme, which denote safety principles to reduce the risk of needle or catheter dislodgment during haemodialysis
Is Double Duty the Future of Batteries?
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

Building energy storage into the structural framework of cars and aircraft
Bio-Patch is Doctor's Little Helper
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: July 2023

Device to cut breast surgery failure rates
Breakthrough for Batteries
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

Lithium sulphur unit has greater capacity
Funding Boost for Ferry Fuel Project
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

Hydrogen diesel injection system to run on renewable island energy
The Man who Caught the Wind
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

Henrik Stiesdal's innovations have helped build a huge offshore wind industry, and it all started at his kitchen table.
How Do Employability, Personality, and Talent Management Affect Lecturers' Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Widodo Widodo , Ciptaningsih Eka Maya Sari Siswi
Published: July 2023

Private universities in Indonesia need to urgently enhance the lecturers' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), especially in overcoming a transition period of learning patterns after the COVID-19 pandemic from online to offline. Therefore, this research explores employability, personality, and talent management affect OCB and proves job involvement mediates employability, personality, and talent management influences OCB. It was conducted through a survey using a Likert scale questionnaire with 230 participants of lecturers from Indonesian private universities. Path analysis supplemented by descriptive and correlational analysis was used as a data analysis technique. The results showed that employability, personality, talent management, and job involvement significantly affect OCB. In addition, job involvement mediates employability, personality, talent management influences OCB. Therefore, a new empirical model regarding employability, personality, and talent management affect OCB with job involvement mediation was developed. Accordingly, researchers and practitioners can utilize for the model in their future activities.
Determinant Factors of Smart Risk-Taking Behavior: An Empirical Analysis of Indonesian High School Students' Chemistry Learning
Authors: Djoa Dominikus Djago , Sunyono Sunyono , Rosidin Undang
Published: July 2023

This article aims to identify the psychological factors of students that correlate with the smart risk-taking behavior of high school students in Indonesia. The data in this study were distributed to 227 students from 3 (three) regions in Indonesia and evaluated using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique. This study found that students' self-confidence was the biggest factor influencing the increase in smart risk-taking behavior, followed by the intention to learn chemistry and teacher support responses. These three factors were found to positively and significantly influence smart risk-taking behavior. However, we found that the smart risk-taking behavior of high school students in Indonesia is still poor. Therefore, it is necessary to have a learning strategy to utilize information technology in chemistry learning. We made several contributions, such as (a) developing a conceptual framework of psychological factors that can increase students' smart risk-taking behavior in chemistry learning that has not been extensively researched and developed by previous researchers; and (b) mapping out how the three psychological factors of students can be maximized to increase smart risk-taking behavior. For this reason, this research is expected to provide practical and academic contributions that can be used as a reference for bank management and further research.
Flexner has fallen: Transitions in medical education system across time, a gradual return to pre-Flexnerian state (de-Flexnerization)
Authors: Alzerwi Nasser A N
Published: July 2023

The modern medical education system has gradually evolved starting from 1910 incorporating the suggestions by Abraham Flexner, his public disclosure of the poor conditions at many medical schools provided a means to galvanize all the constituencies needed for reform to occur. He could say what other reformers could not, due to their links to the medical education community. But now we are again going back to a pre-Flexnerian state due to multiple reasons such as gradually diminishing importance of basic science subjects for the students, the decline in the number and quality of investigator initiated research among clinical researchers, lesser emphasis to bedside training by means of detailed clinical examination and making appropriate observation of signs to reach to a diagnosis rather than over reliance on the laboratory tests and radiological modalities for the diagnosis, poor exposure to basic clinical skills starting from college throughout residency and the trend of disrespect and absenteeism from both theoretical and clinical/practical classes. The attitude of students is just to complete their required attendance so that they are not barred from appearing in examinations. This de-Flexnerization trend and regression to pre-Flexnerian era standards, ideologies, structures, processes, and attitudes, are bound to beget pre-Flexnerian outcomes, for you get what you designed for.
Menstrual cycle abnormalities in women with inflammatory bowel disease and effects of biological therapy on gynecological pathology
Authors: Malinauskiene Vaidota , Zuzo Anastasija , Liakina Valentina , Kazenaite Edita , Stundiene Ieva
Published: July 2023

The modern medical education system has gradually evolved starting from 1910 incorporating the suggestions by Abraham Flexner, his public disclosure of the poor conditions at many medical schools provided a means to galvanize all the constituencies needed for reform to occur. He could say what other reformers could not, due to their links to the medical education community. But now we are again going back to a pre-Flexnerian state due to multiple reasons such as gradually diminishing importance of basic science subjects for the students, the decline in the number and quality of investigator initiated research among clinical researchers, lesser emphasis to bedside training by means of detailed clinical examination and making appropriate observation of signs to reach to a diagnosis rather than over reliance on the laboratory tests and radiological modalities for the diagnosis, poor exposure to basic clinical skills starting from college throughout residency and the trend of disrespect and absenteeism from both theoretical and clinical/practical classes. The attitude of students is just to complete their required attendance so that they are not barred from appearing in examinations. This de-Flexnerization trend and regression to pre-Flexnerian era standards, ideologies, structures, processes, and attitudes, are bound to beget pre-Flexnerian outcomes, for you get what you designed for.
Exhaled volatile organic compounds for diagnosis and monitoring of asthma
Authors: Savito Luisa , Scarlata Simone , Bikov Andras , Carratù Pierluigi , Carpagnano Giovanna Elisiana , Dragonieri Silvano
Published: July 2023

The modern medical education system has gradually evolved starting from 1910 incorporating the suggestions by Abraham Flexner, his public disclosure of the poor conditions at many medical schools provided a means to galvanize all the constituencies needed for reform to occur. He could say what other reformers could not, due to their links to the medical education community. But now we are again going back to a pre-Flexnerian state due to multiple reasons such as gradually diminishing importance of basic science subjects for the students, the decline in the number and quality of investigator initiated research among clinical researchers, lesser emphasis to bedside training by means of detailed clinical examination and making appropriate observation of signs to reach to a diagnosis rather than over reliance on the laboratory tests and radiological modalities for the diagnosis, poor exposure to basic clinical skills starting from college throughout residency and the trend of disrespect and absenteeism from both theoretical and clinical/practical classes. The attitude of students is just to complete their required attendance so that they are not barred from appearing in examinations. This de-Flexnerization trend and regression to pre-Flexnerian era standards, ideologies, structures, processes, and attitudes, are bound to beget pre-Flexnerian outcomes, for you get what you designed for.
Time usage analysis and satisfaction comparison by occupational area according to the sex of single-parent families
Authors: Jang Woo-Hyuk , Jang Jong-Sik , Bang Jin-Hyuk
Published: July 2023

The modern medical education system has gradually evolved starting from 1910 incorporating the suggestions by Abraham Flexner, his public disclosure of the poor conditions at many medical schools provided a means to galvanize all the constituencies needed for reform to occur. He could say what other reformers could not, due to their links to the medical education community. But now we are again going back to a pre-Flexnerian state due to multiple reasons such as gradually diminishing importance of basic science subjects for the students, the decline in the number and quality of investigator initiated research among clinical researchers, lesser emphasis to bedside training by means of detailed clinical examination and making appropriate observation of signs to reach to a diagnosis rather than over reliance on the laboratory tests and radiological modalities for the diagnosis, poor exposure to basic clinical skills starting from college throughout residency and the trend of disrespect and absenteeism from both theoretical and clinical/practical classes. The attitude of students is just to complete their required attendance so that they are not barred from appearing in examinations. This de-Flexnerization trend and regression to pre-Flexnerian era standards, ideologies, structures, processes, and attitudes, are bound to beget pre-Flexnerian outcomes, for you get what you designed for.
Rare combination of traumatic subarachnoid-pleural fistula and intracranial subdural hygromas: A case report
Authors: Chen Po-Han , Li Chi-Ruei , Gan Cheat-Wei , Yang Tsung-Hsi , Chang Cheng-Siu , Chan Fook-How
Published: July 2023

The modern medical education system has gradually evolved starting from 1910 incorporating the suggestions by Abraham Flexner, his public disclosure of the poor conditions at many medical schools provided a means to galvanize all the constituencies needed for reform to occur. He could say what other reformers could not, due to their links to the medical education community. But now we are again going back to a pre-Flexnerian state due to multiple reasons such as gradually diminishing importance of basic science subjects for the students, the decline in the number and quality of investigator initiated research among clinical researchers, lesser emphasis to bedside training by means of detailed clinical examination and making appropriate observation of signs to reach to a diagnosis rather than over reliance on the laboratory tests and radiological modalities for the diagnosis, poor exposure to basic clinical skills starting from college throughout residency and the trend of disrespect and absenteeism from both theoretical and clinical/practical classes. The attitude of students is just to complete their required attendance so that they are not barred from appearing in examinations. This de-Flexnerization trend and regression to pre-Flexnerian era standards, ideologies, structures, processes, and attitudes, are bound to beget pre-Flexnerian outcomes, for you get what you designed for.
Wood Extractives: Main Families, Functional Properties, Fields of Application and Interest of Wood Waste
Authors: N'Guessan Jean Louis Lepetit , Niamké Bobelé Florence , Yao N'guessan Jean Claude , Amusant Nadine
Published: July 2023

The extractives contained in wood are compounds with a very high added value in various fields (e.g., pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agri-food). These extractives can be classified into four groups: lipid components (terpenes and terpenoids), waxes and fats, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids. This review is particularly focused on the description of the main families of extractives contained in wood waste, with their properties and the potential applications made to date. It also makes a brief report on some conventional techniques for extracting wood extractives, with an eye toward recovering wood waste in our country. These extractives, particularly phenolic compounds, fall into several categories: simple phenols, lignans, flavonoids and tannins. They have chemical and biological properties such as antioxidants, antiradicals, anti-termites, antifungals, anticancer, inhibitors of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus, antimutagenics, and antimicrobial properties. They are also used in food preservation as well as wood protection. This review sums up the interest that should be focused on the availability in large quantities of wood waste in our environment, which, far from being a problem, could be the solution to certain current and future problems.
Entre el decir y el hacer. La construcción de un programa de investigación sobre la praxis escolar.
Authors: Souto González Xosé Manuel
Published: July 2023

La praxis de la comunicación educativa, en especial en el registro escolar y universitario, está condicionada por las instituciones académicas y políticas, que crean las normas para regular las relaciones entre las personas que acuden a un aula. Pero, también existe un margen para la libertad de decisión de los individuos, tanto los que tienen la condición de alumnos como los de docentes. Explicar dichas interacciones en el campo de la geografía escolar ha sido el objetivo de instituciones y personas, asociadas o no, en la Unión Geográfica Internacional. En este contexto hemos iniciado en los años ochenta del siglo XX un proyecto curricular que, con el paso de años y lustros, se ha ido transformando en un programa de investigación para entender la praxis escolar, desde la coherencia entre lo que se dice y se hace. Para dicho análisis ha sido muy útil la complementariedad de la geografía de la percepción y la teoría de las representaciones sociales.
Música, llengua parlada i cervell: aportacions a la neuroeducació
Authors: Bueno i Torrens David , Forés Anna
Published: July 2023

El llenguatge parlat i la música constitueixen dos sistemes de comunicació complexos, que presenten una gran diversitat cultural però que, malgrat això, es construeixen de manera relativament similar. Ambdós sorgeixen de la combinació d’elements més simples: fonemes, paraules i frases que es van encadenant en el llenguatge, i sons, melodies, harmonies, ritmes i timbres en la música; es regeixen per una sèrie de normes, també culturalment diverses però que en tots els casos serveixen per facilitar la comprensió del missatge que transmeten; permeten comunicar estats interns, inclosos els emocionals; reflecteixen aspectes de la realitat i al mateix temps permeten alterar mentalment els models de realitat; en la seva gènesi dinàmica hi ha implicats processos creatius, i tant la seva producció com comprensió se sustenten en les capacitats funcionals del cervell. Tenen alguna cosa en comú la música i el llenguatge parlat pel que fa a la seva gènesi, comprensió i interpretació, dins el cervell? O, dit d’una altra manera, comparteixen bases neuronals? En cas afirmatiu, els podem utilitzar en contextos educatius per potenciar-los ambdós de manera sinèrgica? En aquest article es fa una revisió de l’estat actual sobre aquest tema i es discuteix quina és la base biològica, tant evolutiva com neuronal, de la música i el llenguatge parlat; es veurà com interactuen sinèrgicament dins el cervell, i es proposarà des de la neuroeducació de quina manera es poden utilitzar en contextos educatius per potenciar-los mútuament, amb els avantatges formatius, cognitius i de construcció de la identitat que això suposa.
Música, autisme i prosòdia a la llum d’un estudi de cas
Authors: Rosselló Ximenes Joana , Vila Borrellas Elisabet , Alba Foz Gerard , Celma Miralles Alexandre
Published: July 2023

Aquest estudi tracta de la relació entre música i llenguatge (prosòdia) a la llum d’un estudi de cas centrat en l’Álex, un nen autista hiperlèxic i mínimament verbal. Es compara amb un grup control la seva capacitat de discriminar auditivament parells d’estímuls rítmics i melòdics (música), així com prosòdics (enunciats declaratius, interrogatius i exclamatius, en sèries normals i jabberwocky, i.e., amb estructura sense significat). També s’hi compara la capacitat d’associar un enunciat auditiu amb el signe de puntuació corresponent. L’Álex resulta similar als controls en la discriminació de melodies però inferior en la de ritmes i en la d’enunciats, que és òptima en els controls. S’acosta als controls en l’associació de prosòdia-signe de puntuació, amb enunciats jabberwocky. Els resultats suggereixen que components de la musicalitat com la melodia i el ritme, presents en l’Álex, són segurament constituents primitius de la percepció auditiva humana que poden ser lingüísticament no funcionals si en les primeries del desenvolupament no s’han integrat en la comunicació parlada.
De l’Obra del Cançoner Popular de Catalunya al folklore digital
Authors: Duran Bordoy Bàrbara
Published: July 2023

El 2022 és el centenari de l’inici de les activitats de l’Obra del Cançoner Popular de Catalunya (OCPC). El material recollit per l’OCPC és extraordinari i mostra les baules fermes que uneixen la llengua i la cultura dels Països Catalans. Cent anys després, la pregunta és si en queda res, d’aquella collita. Una aproximació a l’ús contemporani del material etnopoètic i etnomusicològic suggereix que s’ha perdut molt, però el com es transmet avui el material d’arrel tradicional porta a classificar les variants de cançons i històries en autèntiques, metavariants autèntiques i transcrites; i variants d’autor a més de l’aportació d’arxius de folklore digital. Aquest article s’apropa a l’evolució dels estudis d’un grup ètnic —ethnic group, realitzats per l’OCPC— cap als d’un sound group (Magrini 2003), terme que defineix tots aquells que comparteixen l’amor per la mateixa música. Avui, la música tradicional incorpora l’electrònica i s’inspira també en enregistraments del passat.
The World as Garden: Versions of Pastoral in Emily Dickinson and Olvido García Valdés
Authors: Candeira Margarita García
Published: July 2023

Abstract: This paper contributes to the exploration of Emily Dickinson's influence on contemporary Spanish poetry through an examination of the trajectory of Olvido García Valdés, a poet born in 1950 who stands out for her very singular lyrical program, based on an extensive philosophical knowledge and on a close attention to nature, features that can be found in Dickinson's oeuvre and that reflect what could be labelled as a common pastoral impulse. This article explores the terms of this dialogue, focusing on both poets' approach to nature as the place where truth resides. The apparent prominence of the natural world in their works is a sign of not only its splendor and multiplicity but also its darkness and adversity. The extent to which nature encompasses violence and death offers a lesson in immanence that impedes any symbolic reading, thus giving place to figural closure and allegory. Plenitude is then projected into the past, into states of childhoods that, though nostalgically remembered in an elegiac tone familiar to the genre, are nonetheless as impossible to access as haunted and sealed houses. In a third and last move, the present is posited as a void, a space of emptiness where every voice can only be posthumous.
Émilie du Châtelet's Theory of Happiness: Passions and Character
Authors: Lascano Marcy P.
Published: July 2023

abstract: The Discourse on Happiness is Émilie du Châtelet's most translated work, but there is no systematic interpretation of her account of the nature and means to happiness in the secondary literature. I argue that the key to understanding her account lies in interpreting the various roles of the "great machines of happiness." I show that Du Châtelet provides a sophisticated hedonistic account of the nature of happiness, in which passions and tastes are the means to self-perpetuating, increasing, and long-lasting sources of pleasure. In addition, I argue that the remaining "great machines of happiness" are not logically necessary conditions for happiness, but rather character traits that support our tastes and passions.
Hong-Ou-Mandel interference with a diode-pumped 1-GHz Ti:sapphire laser
Authors: Morland Imogen , Ostapenko Hanna , Zhu Feng , Reid Derryck T. , Leach Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Correlated photon pairs generated through spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) are a key resource in quantum optics. In many quantum optics applications, such as satellite quantum key distribution (QKD), a compact, high repetition rate pump laser is required. Here we demonstrate the use of a compact, GHz-rate diode-pumped three-element Kerr-lens-modelocked Ti:sapphire laser for the generation of correlated photon pairs at 790 nm. We verify the presence of indistinguishable photons produced via SPDC using Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry and observe a dip in coincidence counts with a visibility of 81.8%.
Role of sea surface temperature variability on the risk of Canadian wheat, barley, and oat yields
Authors: Majeed Haris , Baumann Shyon , Majeed Hamnah
Published: July 2023

Surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation in Prairie (Western) and Maritime (Eastern) Canada are influenced by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), respectively. However effects of ENSO and AMO on major crop yield in Canada is yet to be understood. Here we investigate the longest record (1908–2017) of wheat, barley, and oat yield as well as its associated risk with summer (May-September) ENSO and AMO interannual and multidecadal variability in Prairie and Maritime, respectively. We used generalized linear models with autocorrelative residuals to assess region- and crop-specific associations between ENSO, AMO, surface air temperatures, and precipitation on crop yield. After adjusting for covariates our models show that a positive phase of the AMO (in comparison to negative phase) significantly reduces the risk of Maritime crop yields by ~3–12%, with both extreme heat and wet precipitation found to be significant risk factors for reducing yields. Summer El Niño or La Niña was found to have a small, insignificant effect on yield in the Prairie region, with no effects found on crops in Maritimes. Therefore, analysis of Atlantic oceanic variability can offer insight into major crop yield variability in Maritime Canada.
Pathways from climate change to emotional wellbeing: A qualitative study of Kenyan smallholder farmers living with HIV
Authors: Beyeler Naomi S. , Nicastro Tammy M. , Jawuoro Stanley , Odhiambo Gladys , Whittle Henry J. , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Schmidt Laura A. , Weiser Sheri D.
Published: July 2023

Climate change is associated with adverse mental and emotional health outcomes. Social and economic factors are well-known drivers of mental health, yet comparatively few studies examine the social and economic pathways through which climate change affects mental health. There is additionally a lack of research on climate change and mental health in sub-Saharan Africa. This qualitative study aimed to identify potential social and economic pathways through which climate change impacts mental and emotional wellbeing, focusing on a vulnerable population of Kenyan smallholder farmers living with HIV. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with forty participants to explore their experience of climate change. We used a thematic analytical approach. We find that among our study population of Kenyan smallholder farmers living with HIV, climate change is significantly affecting mental and emotional wellbeing. Respondents universally report some level of climate impact on emotional health including high degrees of stress; fear and concern about the future; and sadness, worry, and anxiety from losing one’s home, farm, occupation, or ability to support their family. Climate-related economic insecurity is a main driver of emotional distress. Widespread economic insecurity disrupts systems of communal and family support, which is an additional driver of worsening mental and emotional health. Our study finds that individual adaptive strategies used by farmers in the face of economic and social volatility can deepen economic insecurity and are likely insufficient to protect mental health. Finally, we find that agricultural policies can worsen economic insecurity and other mental health risk factors. Our proposed conceptual model of economic and social pathways relevant for mental health can inform future studies of vulnerable populations and inform health system and policy responses to protect health in a changing climate.
mmu-miRNA-342-3p promotes hepatic stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrosis induced by Echinococcus multilocularis infection via targeting Zbtb7a
Authors: Cao Shanling , Wang Dexian , Wu Yixuan , Zhang Junmei , Pu Lixia , Luo Xuenong , Zhang Xueyong , Sun Xiaolin , Zheng Yadong , Wang Shuai , Guo Xiaola
Published: July 2023

Liver fibrosis is one of the histopathological characters duringEchinococcus multilocularisinfection. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key event in the development of liver fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanism of HSC activation in theE.multilocularisinfection-induced liver fibrosis remains largely unclear. Here, we reported that mmu-miR-342-3p was most dominantly expressed in HSCs and was upregulated in the HSCs in response toE.multilocularisinfection. We further showed that mmu-miR-342-3p was able to bind to the 3’ UTR of theZbtb7agene and regulated its expression. Moreover, mmu-miR-342-3p expression was negatively correlated with its target geneZbtb7ain HSCs duringE.multilocularisinfection. Knockdown of mmu-miR-342-3p promoted the expression ofGfapin the activated HSCsin vitro. In theE.multilocularis-infected mice, knockdown of mmu-miR-342-3p suppressed the expression ofα-Sma,Col1α1, andTGF-βbut promoted the expression ofGfap. Therefore, mmu-miR-342-3p is a key regulator for activation of HSCs, and inhibiting mmu-miR-342-3p to suppressed Zbtb7a-mediated TGF-β signaling in activated HSCs could be a novel strategy to treat liver fibrosis induced byE.multilocularis.
Costs and models used in the economic analysis of Total Knee Replacement (TKR): A systematic review
Authors: Gandhi Naline , Qadeer Amatullah Sana , Meher Ananda , Rachel Jennifer , Patra Abhilash , John Jebamalar , Anilkumar Aiswarya , Dutta Ambarish , Nanda Lipika , Rout Sarit Kumar
Published: July 2023

Objectives

The main objective of this review is to summarize the evidence on the core modelling specifications and methodology on the cost-effectiveness of TKR compared to non-surgical management. Another objective of this study is to synthesize evidence of TKR cost and compare it across countries using purchasing power parity (PPP).

Methodology

The electronic databases used for this review were MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), HTAIn repository, Cost effectiveness Analysis (CEA) registry, and Google Scholar. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) was used to assess the validity of the methods and transparency in reporting the results. The Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) was used to check the quality of economic evaluation models of the studies included. The cost of TKR surgery from high income and low- or middle-income countries were extracted and converted to single USD ($) using purchasing power parities (PPP) method.

Result

Thirty-two studies were included in this review, out of which eight studies used Markov model, five used regression model, one each reported Marginal structure model, discrete simulation model, decision tree and Osteoarthritis Policy Model (OAPol) respectively to assess the cost-effectiveness of TKR. For PPP, twenty-six studies were included in the analysis of TKR cost. The average cost of TKR surgery was the lowest in developing country—India ($3457) and highest in USA ($19568).

Conclusion

The findings of this review showed that the Markov model was most widely used in the analysis of the cost effectiveness of TKR. Our review also concluded that the cost of TKR was higher in the developed countries as compared to the developing countries.
In the mind of the beholder: The effects of familiarisation on the perception of atypical infant facial configurations
Authors: Hunt Benjamin W. , Rayson Holly , Bannard Colin , De Pascalis Leonardo
Published: July 2023

Infant facial attractiveness is an important facilitator for adult-infant caregiving behaviour. Disruption to typical infant facial configurations can, however, attenuate their perceived attractiveness, as rated by adult observers. Previous research has either focused on how ratings are affected by observer characteristics (e.g., male/female), or alterations to infant faces, either experimentally, or naturalistically induced, such as the presence of a cleft lip. Little research has however been conducted on the effects of observer experience on adult ratings of infant facial attractiveness. Such effects could inform clinical work and policies aimed at promoting positive perception of facial malformations. The present study thus explored the effects of familiarisation on how typical and atypical infant facial configurations are evaluated by adults. We recruited two groups of female participants and compared their subjective attractiveness ratings of infant faces (24 typical and 24 cleft-affected), at baseline, and at one-week post-test. Between the two assessments, one group (n= 41) underwent a week-long training phase, where they were familiarised with cleft lip/palate-related visual and informational stimuli, while the control group (n= 44) received no training. Significantly higher ratings were provided for faces of typically developing versus cleft-affected infants by both groups of participants at baseline. At post-test, this pattern of ratings was repeated in participants belonging to the control group, while familiarised participants showed an increase, compared to baseline, in their ratings of cleft-affected faces and no difference between their evaluation of the latter and that of typically developing faces. These findings extend our understanding of the observer’s experience in the evaluation of infant faces, beyond the effects of the structural characteristics of the observed faces. Results also highlight familiarity as a potentially protective influence against the negative consequences of alterations to typical facial configurations, suggesting avenues for intervention in supporting adult caregivers in the context of neonatal facial malformations.
Integrating Blockchain and Fog Computing Technologies for Efficient Privacy-preserving Systems
Authors: Baniata Hamza
Published: July 2023

This PhD dissertation concludes a three-year long research journey on the integration of Fog Computing and Blockchain technologies. The main aim of such integration is to address the challenges of each of these technologies, by integrating it with the other. Blockchain technology (BC) is a distributed ledger technology in the form of a distributed transactional database, secured by cryptography, and governed by a consensus mechanism. It was initially proposed for decentralized cryptocurrency applications with practically proven high robustness. Fog Computing (FC) is a geographically distributed computing architecture, in which various heterogeneous devices at the edge of network are ubiquitously connected to collaboratively provide elastic computation services. FC provides enhanced services closer to end-users in terms of time, energy, and network load. The integration of FC with BC can result in more efficient services, in terms of latency and privacy, mostly required by Internet of Things systems.
What the Experience of Transience Tells Us About the Afterlife
Authors: Ingerslev Line Ryberg
Published: July 2023

Sigmund Freud’s reflections on transience left him surprised that someone could revolt against the process of mourning. In Jonathan Lear’s interpretation of transience, the revolt is not simply a passing struggle of the mind, but a response to a difficulty of reality, that is, an existential struggle. Central to the experience of transience, according to Lear, is the disbelief in the existence of an afterlife. How might we understand the idea of an afterlife philosophically? I first consider three different philosophical conceptions of the afterlife that—in different ways—underline the relation between collective memory and the process of mourning. These reflections make it clearer which aspects of the afterlife play a role in the existential struggle that Lear describes. However, a further analysis of the temporality at stake in the denial of an afterlife is needed. I therefore look at two psychoanalytic interpretations of the refusal to mourn. The first considers the refusal to mourn as a way to deny change. The second interpretation sees the refusal as a realisation of meaninglessness that prevents the flow of time. I end the paper by arguing that the afterlife can be understood as a practice of articulation, which allows a shared time to flow. Such a practice will commit us anew to a shared world in which we survive with the wounding difficulties of reality.
Rural bioeconomies in Europe: Socio-ecological conflicts, marginalized people and practices
Authors: Friedrich Jonathan , Holz Jana , Koch Philip , Pungas Lilian , Eversberg Dennis , Zscheischler Jana
Published: July 2023

Bioeconomy policies claim to contribute to socio-ecological transformations and decreasing rural-urban inequalities. Based on examples of four bioeconomies in rural Europe, we argue that contrary to these claims, such policies to date have not de-escalated existing social conflicts
but instead have often further contributed to polarization tendencies. To live up to those proclaimed goals, bioeconomy research and policy need to deprioritize economic growth and turn to more comprehensive considerations of socio-ecological contexts and the integration of the local population
and alternative practices.
Historický vývoj presumpce neviny
Authors: Svoboda Timon
Published: July 2023

The article provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development of the presumption of innocence, the basic principle of criminal proceedings and basic human right, from ancient times to its first explicit anchoring on the territory of Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. It shows that the roots of the presumption of innocence can be found in antiquity, especially in Roman law. In the medieval inquisitional procedure, this principle was suppressed, only to be rediscovered later for continental Europe as a result of the inspiration of the English criminal process and enshrined in particular in the French Declaration of the Rights of the Citizen of 1789, from where it spread further. On the territory of Czechoslovakia, its first explicit establishment took place, surprisingly, in the 1950s, which are associated with the denial of the rights of non-compliant persons.
Perduellio a sacrilegium v době římské republiky
Authors: Šmejkalová Marie
Published: July 2023

The submitted article concerns itself with two criminal offences – perduellio and sacrilegium – in the time of the Roman Republic whilst it attempts to identify their mutual relationship leading to an intense interconnection in the period of Justinian codification. The article uses a wide range of both domestic and foreign secondary sources as well as primary sources. The first two chapters of this work focus on a thorough introduction of the two offences by analysing several contemporary cases. Furthermore, it proceeds to the actual analysis of the interrelation of the offences, using a variety of Roman law sources, such as Lex Duodecim Tabularum, Livy’s History or The Digest of Justinian and The Institutes of Justinian.
Zpráva z mezinárodní konference International Legal History Meeting of PhD Students
Authors: Dobeš Milan
Published: July 2023

Conference Report
Zpráva z XXVIth Annual Forum of Young Legal Historians pořádané Association of Young Legal Historians
Authors: Dvorský Václav
Published: July 2023

Report from the XXVIth Annual Forum of Young Legal Historians organized by the Association of Young Legal Historians
Zpráva z workshopu „Leopold Heyrovský a odkaz římského práva“
Authors: Stloukalová Kamila
Published: July 2023

Report from the Workshop
Kubeš, V. ...a chtěl bych to všechno znovu: filozofické vypořádání s pesimistickým světovým názorem
Authors: Zapletalová Petra
Published: July 2023

Kubeš, V. ...a chtěl bych to všechno znovu: filozofické vypořádání s pesimistickým světovým názorem. 2. dopl. a uprav. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2022, 293 s.
Tarwacka, A. – Zabłocki, J. Rzymskie prawo publiczne
Authors: Skřejpek Michal
Published: July 2023

Tarwacka, A. – Zabłocki, J. Rzymskie prawo publiczne.
Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2021, 285 s.
Vyšný, P. Pravek práva
Authors: Prudovič Marek
Published: July 2023

Vyšný, P. Pravek práva. Praha: Leges, 2021, 128 s.
Spolek československých advokátů v zahraničí během druhé světové války
Authors: Hubený David
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the Association of Czechoslovak Advocates Abroad in Exile in Great Britain during the Second World War, its rights and aspects of life in exile. Attention is paid to the tasks arising from cooperation with the Czechoslovak government in exile.
Mariano San Nicolò a Otakar Sommer pohledem (nejen) jejich korespondence
Authors: Salák Pavel
Published: July 2023

The text is based on the correspondence preserved in the estates of prof. Otakar Sommer and prof. Miroslav Boháček stored in the Archives of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Prague). Based on these letters, it turns out that the traditional views on non-communication between professors at Charles University and the German University in Prague are not entirely true. There were professional and collegial contacts between the Czech and German Romanists, which in the case of O. Sommer and prof. Mariano San Nicolò also turned out to friendship, even between their families. Letters written by M. San Nicolò also partially show the background of his departure from Prague and his pedagogical work in Munich. The aim of the article is to point out the fact that correspondence between the academics of that time is an important source of knowledge about the scientific community of interwar Czechoslovakia.
Ferdinandovo zřízení zemské? Porovnání českých zemských zřízení z let 1500 a 1549
Authors: Stojan Marek
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on the comparison of two crucial legal codes of the Bohemian land law of the first half of the 16th century, i.e., Land Constitution of Vladislav enacted in the year 1500 (in Czech Vladislavské zřízení zemské) and Land Constitution of 1549. The aim is to answer the question whether it is possible to perceive Land Constitution of 1549 in the same way as it is understood by the majority of the current historiography, meaning whether Land Constitution of 1549 is only redaction of Land Constitution of Vladislav. The paper shall concentrate on the issue if there is a reason to reconsider the general view on this matter. It may be established that these legal codes are relatively independent works due to their dissimilarities as they differ significantly in their origin, authors, historical context, central ideas, and structure. In general, the distribution of power is a key aspect of forming the law, which applies not only to the early modern period, and this idea is reflected in the structure and content of both these codifications. The paper focuses on the comparison of the various aspects of Land Constitution of Vladislav and Land Constitution of 1549. The core of the comparison is analysis of a number of key articles about, e.g., the relationship between the monarch and the estates, the distribution of power in the state, the functioning of the basic institutions of the early modern state, and of selected areas of private and public law.
Defining an effective approach to blended learning in higher education: A systematic review
Authors: McCarthy Shaun , Palmer Edward
Published: July 2023

Blended learning has enjoyed wide acceptance as a teaching and learning approach in higher education, but its use and understanding commonly fail to extend across all levels of blending. At the institutional level, challenges still exist in aligning a blended learning approach with core university priorities. Often, there is a focus on the provisions of technology tools and associated training; however, there is less emphasis on the development of frameworks that support an institutional-level approach to blended teaching and learning and ways that these can be effectively measured. This paper analyses previous work undertaken in the field of blended learning and looks to build on the literature by defining an effective approach to adoption using conceptual clarity, blended frameworks and institutional-level implementation of blended learning as a framework to describe effective use within higher education.
Implications for practice or policy:

University decision makers should define an institutional approach to blended learning and foster a common understanding of what success will look like.
Institutional strategy must carefully consider the multifaceted roles of students, academics and administrators within blended learning.
Blended learning adoption should be measured using criteria and descriptive standards to evaluate framework implementation.
Numerical investigations of two vibrating cylinders in uniform flow using overset mesh
Authors: Hamdoon Farouk Omar , Flaieh Enass H. , Jaber Alaa Abdulhady
Published: July 2023

In this research, flow around two vibrating cylinders in a tandem arrangement is simulated at Reynolds number Re = 200 using the dynamic overset mesh technique in finite volume-based commercial software. This investigation aims to study the combined influences of the spacing between the two identical circular cylinders and their excitation frequency in the flow. The cylinders are excited by a transverse forced vibration in a uniform cross-flow by applying a simple harmonic motion. The gap distance between the vibrating cylinders is chosen to be L/D = 1.5 and 4, and the vibration amplitude is kept constant at A/D = 0.25. The study focuses on three frequency ratios of the cylinders’ excitation frequency to Strouhal shedding frequency of the single stationary cylinder f
e/f
s = 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2. Simulation results showed that the flow characteristics over the two vibrating circular cylinders differ from that of a single vibrating cylinder. Also, it is observed that the lock-in state (resonance) for the two vibrating cylinders and the vortex wake patterns are highly affected by the gap distance between cylinders and the excitation frequency.
The pentagonal theorem of sixty-three and generalizations of Cauchy’s lemma
Authors: Ju Jangwon , Kim Daejun
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we consider the solvability over non-negative integers of certain Diophantine equations coming from representations of integers as sums of pentagonal numbers (counting the number of dots in a regular pentagon). We study a general method to obtain generalized versions of Cauchy’s lemma. Using this, we show the “pentagonal theorem of 63”, which states that a sum of pentagonal numbers represents every non-negative integer if and only if it represents the integers

1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
,
11
,
13
,
14
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
23
,
28
,
31
,
33
,
34
,
39
,
42
,
63

.

1,~{}2,~{}3,~{}4,~{}6,~{}7,~{}8,~{}9,~{}11,~{}13,~{}14,~{}17,~{}18,~{}19,~{}23%
,~{}28,~{}31,~{}33,~{}34,~{}39,~{}42,~{}63.

We further show that these integers form a unique minimal universality criterion set.
Der Übersetzungsprozess des chinesischenzaju-StückesDer Kreidekreisin Deutschland
Authors: Beilei Rao
Published: July 2023

Die Adaption des chinesischenzaju-StückesDer Kreidekreiserreicht im 20. Jahrhundert in Deutschland ihren Höhepunkt. Allerdings wird der Übersetzungsprozess als entscheidende Voraussetzung für die weltweite Zirkulation dieses Stückes in früheren Untersuchungen wenig berücksichtigt. In diesem Zusammenhang liegt das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags darin, den Übersetzungsprozess desKreidekreis-Stückes in Deutschland mithilfe des Begriffs des ‚dritten Raums‘ von Homi Bhabha zu rekonstruieren, damit die unterschiedlichen Übersetzungsstrategien der Übersetzer und die Interpretationsmöglichkeiten der kulturspezifischen Elemente im chinesischen Original dargestellt werden können. Außerdem ist zu betrachten, wie der Sinologe Alfred Forke auf der Grundlage vorangegangener Übersetzungsversionen dasKreidekreis-Stück inhaltlich wortgetreu wie auch strukturell metrisch ins Deutsche überträgt, wobei die kulturellen Differenzen des chinesischen Originals weitgehend beibehalten werden.
Comprehensive analysis of macrosomia: exploring the association between first-trimester alanine aminotransferase and uric acid measurements in pregnant women
Authors: Arslanca Seyma Banu , Caglar Ali Turhan
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Investigating the relationship between liver enzymes, uric acid (UA), and macrosomia will benefit physicians in the early detection of complications that may emerge during/after pregnancy. The study analyzed liver enzyme activity and UA levels in first-trimester pregnant for the risk of macrosomia.

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional research analyzed the data of pregnant women who gave birth between Jan 2021–2023. All data were extracted from medical records, and UA and AST-ALT were examined in all the participants.

Results

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were higher in the macrosomia (p<0.05). Similarly, UA levels were higher in the macrosomia (p<0.001). There was a moderate positive correlation between ALT and birth weight (r=0.168, p<0.01), while we found a strong positive correlation between UA and birth weight (r=0.355, p<0.01). In the ROC (receiver operating characteristic), Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ALT and UA was significant (p<0.0001) but not for AST (p=0.157). UA showed a predictive value for macrosomia with 68.1 % sensitivity and 63.8 % specificity at a 3.15 cut-off (AUC:0.689; p:0.0001; CI:0.644–0.725).

Conclusions

These results indicate that ALT and UA may be potentially important in determining the risk of macrosomia. The UA had a more potent marker for macrosomia than ALT. The occurrence of macrosomia might be more closely related to the mother’s metabolic syndrome rather than NAFLD.