bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzootic instability for bovine anaplasmosis on family farms located in southwestern Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Sott Tatiane , Franciscato Carina , Silva Neto Adolfo Firmino da , Nascif Júnior Iucif Abrão , Freitas Fagner Luiz da Costa
Published: October 2016

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the occurence of animals seropositive for Anaplasma marginale in the municipality of Realeza, Paraná State, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 344 cows on 18 small farms in the municipality of Realeza-PR. The animals’serum samples were forwarded to the Federal University of Fronteira do Sul, in order to investigate the occurrence of anti-A. marginale IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay commercial kit. IgG antibodies to A. marginale were detected in cattle from 77.7% of the farms. To the best author's knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of A. marginale in cattle in southwestern Paraná. The serological assay showed that 24.4% of the animals were seropositive, thus characterizing the location investigated as an area of enzootic instability for the disease. The family farms located in the municipality of Realeza-PR showed enzootic instability for bovine anaplasmosis. It is necessary to conduct disease monitoring programs in association with preventive measures in order to ensure the sanitary quality of the herds and to reduce economic losses for the farmers. In addition, it is essential to implement educational extension actions that allow farmers to acquire knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding the risk factors that contribute towards herd A. marginale-infection.
An analytical solution for the undrained horizontal–torsional resistance of mudmats
Authors: Feng X. , Randolph M. F. , Gourvenec S.
Published: October 2016

Rectangular mudmat foundations are frequently used for supporting subsea structures for offshore oil and gas developments. The self-weight of the subsea structure and mudmat often mobilise a relatively small proportion of the vertical bearing capacity and horizontal–torsional sliding generally represents the governing load case. However, the effect of torsion on mudmat capacity is not explicitly considered in current guidelines for geotechnical design of offshore foundations. In this paper, upper-bound plastic limit analysis is used to develop explicit expressions for the combined horizontal and torsional capacity of skirted mudmats. The results of the limit analyses are compared with results from finite-element analysis, and with other published solutions. A method is proposed for estimating the translational sliding resistance from the interaction diagram for biaxial horizontal loading and a unique expression is proposed to define the normalised H–T failure envelope. The effects of foundation aspect ratio, foundation embedment ratio, skirt–soil interface roughness, direction of horizontal loading and degree of soil strength heterogeneity are investigated systematically.
Bearing capacity charts of soft soil reinforced by deep mixing
Authors: A Rashid Ahmad Safuan , Black Jonathan A. , Kueh Ahmad Beng Hong , Mohamad Hisham , Md Noor Norhazilan
Published: October 2016

A series of preliminary design charts were developed to predict the bearing capacity of fully and partially penetrated deep mixing (DM) of soft soil. The charts were produced by a new numerical analysis tool based on discontinuity layout optimisation (DLO) in which a previously proposed homogenisation method was used to define the improvement area. To measure the applicability of implementation of the homogenisation method in the DLO, a series of validation processes was performed against several previous studies under uniform soil strength. A new empirical solution was developed from the DLO method using the homogenisation method for the bearing capacity of soft ground under uniform soil strength, improved by the fully penetrated DM method. Results produced by the DLO approach were compared with existing analytical solutions and better agreement was found from the present model. The charts consider variation in improvement area ratio, column length and strength, and foundation width for the fully and partially penetrated DM cases. The simulations were related to real field cases in which the strength characteristics of soft soil increase with depth. An example is given to demonstrate use of the charts.
Stretching the Limits of Renal Transplantation in Elderly Recipients of Grafts from Elderly Deceased Donors
Authors: Peters-Sengers Hessel , Berger Stefan P. , Heemskerk Martin B.A. , al Arashi Doaa , Homan van der Heide Jaap J. , Hemke Aline C. , ten Berge Ineke J.M. , Idu Mirza M. , Betjes Michiel G.H. , van Zuilen Arjan D. , Hilbrands Luuk B. , de Vries Aiko P.J. , Nurmohamed Azam S. , Christiaans Maarten H. , Ernest van Heurn L.W. , de Fijter Johan W. , Bemelman Frederike J.
Published: October 2016

An increasing number of elderly patients (≥65 years) receive a donor kidney from elderly donors after brain death (DBD) or after circulatory death (DCD). These organs are allocated within the Eurotransplant Senior Program, but outcomes must be evaluated. From the Dutch Organ Transplantation Registry, we selected 3597 recipients (≥18 years) who received a first DBD or DCD kidney during 2002–2012, and categorized them as young or elderly recipients receiving a graft from either a young or elderly donor, stratified by donor type. In multiple logistic regression analysis, elderly recipients of elderly DCD kidneys experienced more delayed graft function and acute rejection than did elderly recipients of young DBD kidneys (odds ratios 10.43 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 5.75 to 18.91] and 2.78 [95% CI, 1.35 to 5.73], respectively). In Cox regression analysis, elderly recipients of elderly DCD kidneys had a 5-year mortality risk higher than that of elderly recipients of young DBD kidneys (hazard ratio, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.15 to 3.02). Elderly recipients of elderly kidneys had a 5-year mortality rate comparable to that of waitlisted elderly patients remaining on dialysis. Among elderly recipients, 63.8% of those who received elderly DCD kidneys, 45.5% of those who received elderly DBD kidneys, and approximately 26% of those who received young DBD or DCD kidneys had an eGFR<30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (including primary nonfunction) after 1 year. In conclusion, improving donor selection and preservation is warranted if the allocation of elderly DCD grafts to elderly recipients is to be expanded.
Using the method of Functional Behavior Assessment to correct undesirable behavior of a child with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Ovsyannikova T.M.
Published: October 2016

The article describes the method of functional behavior assessment (FBA) used to describe a number of different ways which allow to determine the cause of undesirable (problematic) behavior. This method quite a long time has been included in the Standard of professional knowledge of the American psychologist and teachers working with children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Today the method is used in domestic practice too. Functional assessment of behavior is used to study complex behavioral problems such as self-injurious or aggressive behavior. The case of using functional assessment of behavior to determine functions of behavior of a child with a diagnosis of ASD is described. The plan for correcting undesirable behavior is also presented.
A Importância do Contexto Nacional Industrial na Adoção de Políticas para o Aproveitamento Energético do Biogás Oriundo dos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos
Authors: Quadros Ruy , Tavares André Neiva , Santos Glicia Vieira dos , Bajay Sérgio
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é evidenciar como o contexto industrial é determinante na adoção de políticas públicas de fomento ao aproveitamento energético do biogás de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) no Brasil. O país gerou 78,6 milhões de toneladas de RSU em 2014, sendo que apenas 58,3% tiveram um destino adequado, a despeito das obrigações da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. O aproveitamento energético do biogás de RSU ainda é incipiente no Brasil, mas com uma forte tendência de crescimento, gerando interesse por parte do empresariado nacional e estrangeiro. Embora o biogás não seja uma “bala de prata” para responder aos desafios de suprimento de eletricidade, ele constitui uma das várias opções disponíveis para aprofundar os poucos avanços ocorridos até agora de descentralização da matriz elétrica brasileira, bem como aproveitar um recurso que, em sua maior parte, é subutilizado. O artigo apresenta os desafios próprios do país, o potencial de “adensamento” produtivo e tecnológico, e possíveis novas políticas industriais e tecnológicas de apoio ao aproveitamento energético do biogás de RSU.
Solar PV diffusion in Argentina: policy implications for a high penetration scenario until 2030
Authors: Martinez Buitrago Jenyfeer Andrea , Venancio Camillo Edilaine , Pedace Roque
Published: October 2016

This paper aims at proposing a methodological approach to identify the minimal contents for a future solar photovoltaic (PV) roadmap in Argentina, focusing on the actions required to reach a high penetration scenario until 2030. Argentina has been facing energy supply shortages caused by a combination of increasing in energy demand and government inability to meet the additional demand on time with the available resources (mainly fossil fuels). Although versatile and scalable, Solar PV technology has been receiving low incentives from Argentinean government. Two literature’s perspectives - the functional perspective of technological innovation systems and prospective studies (mainly normative scenarios and roadmaps as a planning tool) – were applied to set the proposed high penetration scenario up to 2030. Stakeholders and expert’s visions, global path of technology and a local prospective study made by local experts in 2012 were used to validate the proposed scenario. As main results, a way to build a future solar photovoltaic scenario in urban and suburban areas is described; minimal contents that can orient a local roadmap construction are defined, and the necessary improvements of solar PV framework in Argentina (both regulatory and promotion aspects) are pointed out.
The Power-weakness Ratios (PWR) as a Journal Indicator: Testing the “Tournaments” Metaphor in Citation Impact Studies
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet , de Nooy Wouter , Bornmann Lutz
Published: October 2016

Purpose

Ramanujacharyulu developed the Power-weakness Ratio (PWR) for scoring tournaments. The PWR algorithm has been advocated (and used) for measuring the impact of journals. We show how such a newly proposed indicator can empirically be tested.

Design/methodology/approach

PWR values can be found by recursively multiplying the citation matrix by itself until convergence is reached in both the cited and citing dimensions; the quotient of these two values is defined as PWR. We study the effectiveness of PWR using journal ecosystems drawn from the Library and Information Science (LIS) set of the Web of Science (83 journals) as an example. Pajek is used to compute PWRs for the full set, and Excel for the computation in the case of the two smaller sub-graphs: (1) JASIST+ the seven journals that cite JASIST more than 100 times in 2012; and (2) MIS Quart+ the nine journals citing this journal to the same extent.

Findings

A test using the set of 83 journals converged, but did not provide interpretable results. Further decomposition of this set into homogeneous sub-graphs shows that—like most other journal indicators—PWR can perhaps be used within homogeneous sets, but not across citation communities. We conclude that PWR does not work as a journal impact indicator; journal impact, for example, is not a tournament.

Research limitations

Journals that are not represented on the “citing” dimension of the matrix-for example, because they no longer appear, but are still registered as “cited” (e.g. ARIST)-distort the PWR ranking because of zeros or very low values in the denominator.

Practical implications

The association of “cited” with “power” and “citing” with “weakness” can be considered as a metaphor. In our opinion, referencing is an actor category and can be studied in terms of behavior, whereas “citedness” is a property of a document with an expected dynamics very different from that of “citing.” From this perspective, the PWR model is not valid as a journal indicator.

Originality/value

Arguments for using PWR are: (1) its symmetrical handling of the rows and columns in the asymmetrical citation matrix, (2) its recursive algorithm, and (3) its mathematical elegance. In this study, PWR is discussed and critically assessed.
Commentary: A cause for nervousness: The proposed Māori land reforms in New Zealand
Authors: Warbrick Paerau
Published: October 2016

This commentary reflects upon the major Māori land reforms in te Ture Whenua Māori Bill (2016). The reforms implement more bureaucracy and replace some mechanisms used by the Māori Land Court to protect against Māori land loss. The Waitangi Tribunal, which has dealt with Māori grievances over land loss for over 30 years, issued a critical report in March 2016 along with recommendations about the reforms. That report was largely ignored by the New Zealand Government. This commentary contains a review of the literature on Māori land to date, as it helps to understand the ideas behind the Tribunal's report as well as the reforms. There is also an examination of the main points made by the Waitangi Tribunal, as well as aspects of te Ture Whenua Māori Bill (2016). The overall conclusion is that the Māori people should be very nervous about the reforms for their lands.
The Effect of Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty on Consumer Purchase Intention: The Study in The Smartphone Market
Authors: Cecen Saglam Busra , Saglam Mehmet
Published: October 2016

This research aims to analyze the effect of brand trust and brand loyalty to consumer purchase intentions in the Smartphone market. All the residents of ?stanbul who use mobile phones are the population of the research.  Due to the fact that it is very hard to reach all the population, simple sampling method has been used for data collection and 185 participants have been reached. Structural Equation Model has been used to explain the relationship among brand trust, brand loyalty and purchase intentions. SPSS for Windows 17.0 program and AMOS 20 program are used to analyze the data. Results show that both brand trust and brand loyalty have a positive effect on consumer’s purchase intentions. Also it had been determined that brand trust has a positive effect on brand loyalty. Moreover, brand trust has been found as the most effective factor for smartphones brands in the purchase intensions.
Direct and Indirect Effects of Perceived Risk and Website Reputation on Purchase Intention
Authors: Tangmanee Chatpong , Rawsena Chayanin
Published: October 2016

Success in electronic commerce relies greatly on customer trust. While other studies have examined various factors affecting online customer trust, few have investigated the joint effects of perceived risk and website reputation on purchase intention using online trust as a mediator. The current study attempts to fill this gap. 300 online shoppers participated via web-based questionnaires using a quota sampling technique. Based on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), our measurements were found to be valid and reliable. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), we confirmed significant direct effects of perceived risk and website reputation on customer purchase intentions. Furthermore, both factors had significant indirect effects on purchase intention through online trust. In addition to extending theoretical insight into online trust as a mediator for the effects of perceived risk and website reputation on purchase intention, web-based vendors may adopt the findings to adjust their online stores to raise customer trust and ultimately increase the possibility of online purchases.
Government Funding to the NGOs
Authors: Ali Tahir Mahmood , Gull Sana
Published: October 2016

The impacts of the government funding on the NGOs in terms of advantages and disadvantages has received mixed response from the scholars. This study attempts to review the promises and perils of government funding on the NGOs and aims to gather the scattered knowledge from literature at one place. Literature review was carried out for the relevant studies. Using the inclusion/exclusion criteria established for this article, 31 studies were finally selected for review. Using thematic analysis approach, 5 main themes regarding government funding impacts on NGOs were extracted from the reviewed 31 studies. The themes are institutional theory and Isomorphism, accountability, loss of autonomy, mission drift and crowding out. Some scholars and studies linked these themes with underperformance while others linked them with stability of the NGOs. Definite results are hard to draw to determine the impacts of government funding on NGOs and in fact these impacts depend upon a number of factors such as, age, size, sector, demography, political, economic and social environments of an NGO
Impact of vine water status on sensory attributes of Cabernet Franc wines in the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario
Authors: Hakimi Rezaei Javad , Reynolds Andrew G.
Published: October 2016

Aim: To examine the impact of vine water status on sensory and chemical characteristics of Cabernet franc wines on non-irrigated sites in the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, to assess whether vine water status might be a key factor in the determination of so-called terroir effects.

Methods and results: The effects of vine water status on wine sensory characteristics were studied in Vitis vinifera L cv. Cabernet franc in the Niagara Peninsula (Ontario, Canada) in the 2005 and 2006 vintages. Vine water status was monitored throughout the growing season in ten vineyard blocks using midday leaf water potential (Ψ) values. Chemical and descriptive sensory analyses were performed on nine (2005) and eight (2006) pairs of experimental wines to elucidate differences between wines from high and low water status (HWS, LWS) zones in each vineyard. Twelve trained judges evaluated six aroma, six flavor and three mouthfeel/taste sensory attributes, as well as color intensity. In 2005, LWS wines had higher color intensity (four sites), black cherry flavor (one site), and red fruit aroma and flavor (two sites). Similar trends were observed in the 2006 vintage. No differences were found from one year to the next between the wines produced from the same vineyard, despite markedly different conditions in the 2005 and 2006 vintages.

Conclusions: Measurement of midday leaf Ψ was successful in detecting differences among vine water status levels throughout the growing season. The range of leaf Ψ values were almost consistent at most sites in both 2005 and 2006 years. Differences in vine water status resulted in wines with different composition, aroma, flavor, and color intensity. Despite two different vintages of hot and dry (2005) and wet (2006) seasons, similar trends were observed in high and low water status wines.

Significance and impact of study: The strong relationships between leaf Ψ and sensory attributes of Cabernet franc suggest that vine water status is a major basis for the terroir effect.
Evolution of anthocyanin profile from grape to wine
Authors: Squadrito Margherita , Corona Onofrio , Ansaldi Giacomo , Di Stefano Rocco
Published: October 2016

Aims: This study aimed at acquiring knowledge of the evolution of anthocyanins from grape to wine and the possibility of deducing the varietal origin of a wine from its anthocyanin profile.

Methods and results: The anthocyanin « fingerprint », or profile, of a series of autochthonous Sicilian accessions and their respective young wines was determined by HPLC-DAD in 2008. Data were evaluated by taking into account the evolution of the percentages of side-ring dioxygenated and tri-oxygenated anthocyanins, the ratio between acetylated and p-coumaroylated derivatives, and the principal component analysis (PCA) results. From grape to the end of alcoholic fermentation, the percentages of 3-glucosides of cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin and p-coumaroylglucosides decreased, whereas those of malvidin-3-glucoside, acetylated derivatives and, in some cases, petunidin-3-glucoside increased. In many but not all wines, after malolactic fermentation, the percentages of p-coumaroylated derivatives decreased further and those of cyanidin- 3-glucoside and acetylated derivatives increased ; less variation was observed in malvidin-3-glucoside values.

Conclusions: From grapes to young wines, the anthocyanin profiles varied mainly because of the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. However, they were substantially retained in wines from varieties in which tri-oxygenated side-ring anthocyanins prevailed, but were dramatically different from the respective grapes in wines from varieties rich in di-oxygenated anthocyanins, or in which the di-oxygenated forms prevailed over the tri-oxygenated ones. PCA analysis confirmed these findings.

Significance and impact of the study: Only in varieties in which the anthocyanin profile of grapes is characterized by low percentages of dioxygenated side-ring forms is it possible to gain information about the varietal origin of a young wine by comparing the profiles of both grape and wine. However, great care is required.
Soils, rootstocks and grapevine varieties in prestigious Bordeaux vineyards and their impact on yield and quality
Authors: Renouf Vincent , Trégoat Olivier , Roby Jean-Philippe , Van Leeuwen Cornelis
Published: October 2016

Aims: To study the impact of soil-type, grapevine variety and rootstock on grape yield and wine quality in prestigious estates located in the Bordeaux area (France).

Methods and results: High-resolution soil maps (scale: 1/3000th) were created for seven prestigious red wine-producing estates in Bordeaux, covering a total area of approximately 400 ha. Soil-type, rootstocks and grapevine varieties were recorded for each vineyard block. A Quality Index was created by considering the destination of the grapes produced in each block, whether they were integrated in the first, the second or the third quality wine produced by the estate. Quality Index was averaged over five vintages. Yield was also measured for each vineyard block and averaged over five vintages. PEYROSOL (gravelly soil) was the most frequent soiltype in these estates (45% of the total mapped area). Soils with temporary waterlogging (REDOXISOL), heavy clay soils (PLANOSOL) and sandygravelly soils (BRUNISOL) covered around 10% of the mapped area each. Highest quality was obtained on PLANOSOLS, ARENOSOLS (sandy soils), BRUNISOLS and PEYROSOLS. Quality was low on COLLUVIOSOLS (deep soils on colluvium), LUVISOLS (leached acidic soils) and REDUCTISOLS (soils with permanent waterlogging). Cabernet- Sauvignon was the dominant grapevine variety (59% of the mapped area), followed by Merlot (32%), Cabernet franc (8%) and Petit Verdot (1%). On average, the Quality Index was higher for Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot compared with Cabernet franc and Petit Verdot. Riparia Gloire de Montpellier (RGM) was by far the most used rootstock. It covered 45% of the mapped area. Including 3309C and 420A, these three rootstocks covered 75% of the total acreage planted in these estates. Highest quality wine was produced with 420A, RGM, 3309C and Gravesac. Highest yields were obtained with 161-49C, 101-14 MG, RGM, SO4 and 420A.

Conclusions: Soil, grapevine variety and rootstock have a major impact on yield and wine quality in prestigious Bordeaux wine producing estates.

Significance and impact of the study: Assessment of a Quality Index by soil-type, cultivar and rootstock can indicate which combinations of soiltype, cultivar and rootstock would best optimise quality performance in Bordeaux vineyards.
Study of wine tartaric acid salt stabilization by addition of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC): comparison with the « protective colloids » effect
Authors: Gerbaud Vincent , Gabas Nadine , Blouin Jacques , Crachereau Jean-Christophe
Published: October 2016

Aims: Inhibition of potassium hydrogen tartrate (KHT) crystallization by carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is tested in a model solution and in wines. Tartaric acid salt crystallization risk is assessed by computing the supersaturation, saturation temperature and excess KHT with respect to the saturation equilibrium using MEXTAR® (Mesure de l’EXces de TARtre) software.

Materials and results: Firstly, the time for crystals to appear was recorded by monitoring the conductivity in a model solution and in a wine, and the inhibition ratio was computed. At 11,5 °C, 0,5 mg.L-1 CMC inhibited KHT crystallization. The inhibitory effect increased exponentially with increasing CMC concentration and was several times greater than that of polysaccharides and polyphenols, the protective colloids in wine (Gerbaud et al., 1997). At 2 °C, 30 mg.L-1 CMC had the same inhibitory effect than 10 mg.L-1 at 11.5°C.Secondly, 20 red and white wines were refrigerated for 3 weeks at -4 °C with CMC or metatartaric acid. Results show that the addition of 20 mg.L-1 CMC has an inhibitory effect at least equivalent to 100 mg.L-1 metatartaric acid. Furthermore, for 10 wines preheated for 8 days at 30 °C and then refrigerated for 2 months at 0 °C, 5 and 20 mg. L-1 CMC maintains its inhibitory efficiency, unlike metatartaric acid which is hydrolysed

Significance and impact of the study: The OIV-OENO 366-2009 and OIV-OENO 02/2008 resolutions recently authorized the use of CMC to prevent tartaric acid salt precipitation. With no impact on health, and stable under heating and in acid solution, CMC is an efficient candidate for tartaric stabilization. The optimal concentration of 20 mg.L-1 (2 g.hL-1) should however be adapted to local wine storage conditions and KHT crystallization risk.
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeast strain overproducing mannoproteins selected through classical genetic methods
Authors: González-Ramos Daniel , Muñoz A. , Ortiz-Julien Anne , Palacios Antonio Tomás , Heras José María , González Ramon
Published: October 2016

Aims: Developing, by classical genetic methods, new wine yeast strains showing improved release of mannoproteins during wine fermentation, as well as suitable selection procedures for this purpose. These strains would be useful to improve quality characters associated to wine mannoprotein content.

Methods and results: UV mutagenesis was used for genetic improvement of the industrial wine yeast strain ADY1. Cell wall-related phenotypes were used as primary selection criteria; an additional screening procedure was developed based on the detection of the released mannoproteins by hybridization with peroxidase-labeled Concanavalin A. Mannoprotein overproduction was assessed in laboratory media as well as in grapevine juice. One mutant strain, renamed HPS, was selected using these criteria. HPS showed increased mannoprotein release in different culture media, including natural must. Moreover, white wines fermented with this improved strain were less susceptible to protein haze than equivalent wines fermented with the original ADY1 strain. Red wines fermented with the mutant strain were also polysaccharide-enriched as compared to the original one.

Conclusion: No clear correlation between a specific cell wall-related phenotype, or a combination of them, and improved release of polysaccharides by yeast random mutants could be established, and not all strains identified by in vitro assays as mannoprotein overproducing mutants were found positive for mannoprotein release in industrial conditions. Nevertheless, UV mutagenesis, combined with Concanavalin A detection, seems to be a viable way to improve mannoprotein release by industrial wine yeast strains.

Significance and impact of the study: This study is one of the few recent reports on genetic improvement of wine yeast strains by non-recombinant genetic tools. It shows that mannoprotein release can be genetically improved and, for the first time, describes a successful selection procedure for such a complex character. These strains are potentially useful for the improvement of mannoprotein-related characters of white and red wines.
Comparison of genetic diversity between cultivated and wild grape varieties originating from the Near-Caspian zone of Azerbaijan
Authors: Salayeva Samira , Decroocq Stéphanie , Mariette Stéphanie , Akhundova Ellada
Published: October 2016

Aim: The Caucasus is considered as a possible primary centre of origin of grapevine. The aim of our research work was to study genetic diversity among cultivated Caucasian grape varieties and wild relatives originating from Near-Caspian areas of Azerbaijan on the basis of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.

Methods and Results: Microsatellite allele data obtained in 31 local table grape varieties of Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa (Absheron region) and 34 wild varieties of Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Nabran, Davachi and Guba regions) were used to estimate population genetic parameters such as the polymorphism information content (PIC), the probability of identity (PI) and the frequency of null alleles (r). The genetic differences among the wild populations and between the wild and the cultivated gene pools were assessed using POPGENE, Arlequin and GENETIX programs. The selected fifteen microsatellite (SSR) markers revealed a high degree of polymorphism within and among the grape populations analyzed. The genetic similarity index ranged from 0.02 to 0.933.

Conclusions: Among the selected markers, VVMD28 and VVMD36 displayed the highest diversity level regarding the expected heterozygosity and PIC (highest values) and PI (lowest values). In consequence, we postulate that these two markers are the most appropriate ones for the identification of grape accession and the determination of genetic diversity among cultivated and wild grape genotypes. Clustering analysis based on SSR markers data led to a good separation between cultivated and wild accessions and between wild accessions originating from different regions.

Significance and impact of the study: The fifteen microsatellite markers used in this study were highly informative for the identification and analysis of genetic structure of Azerbaijan grapevine populations and clarified the relationships among grape accessions.
Entropy Generation Analysis at Mixed MHD Convection in a Square Lid-Driven Cavity Filled With Darcy–Brinkman- Forcheheimer Porous Medium
Authors: Bouabda Rahma , Bouabid Mounir , Magherbi Mourad
Published: October 2016

The numerical simulation of entropy generation at mixed natural free and forced convection flow in a square lid-driven cavity filled with an eletrically conducting binary fluids saturated porous media in the presence of a magnetic field is performed in this investigation. Both the top and bottom horizontal walls of the cavity are kept at constant and different temperatures while the left and right vertical walls are adiabatic and insulated. The magnetic field is applied in normal direction to the cavity. The Darcy model, including Brinkman term relative to viscous effects and Forchheimer term due to inertial forces, is used for the momentum equations, and the SIMPLER algorithm, based on the control volume finite-element method approach is used to solve the pressure –velocity coupling. The flow pattern and the heat transfer characteristics inside the cavity are presented in the form of isotherms, streamlines and isentropic lines and average Nusselt number trend. The entropy generation rate is determined for various values of Darcy number (10-3 ≤ Da ≤ 1) and for a range of Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 102). This study is limited to Pr = 7 which corresponds to water. It is observed that entropy generation is very affected by the variations of dimensionless control parameters considered.
Tendinopathy: Investigating the Intersection of Clinical and Animal Research to Identify Progress and Hurdles in the Field
Authors: Titan Ashley , Andarawis-Puri Nelly
Published: October 2016

➢ Biological treatments, surgical interventions, and rehabilitation exercises have been successfully used to treat tendinopathy, but the development of effective treatments has been hindered by the lack of mechanistic data regarding the pathogenesis of the disease.

➢ While insightful, clinical studies are limited in their capacity to provide data regarding the pathogenesis of tendinopathies, emphasizing the value of animal models and cell culture studies to fill this essential gap in knowledge.

➢ Clinical pathological findings from imaging studies or histological analysis are not universal across patients with tendinopathy and have not been clearly associated with the onset of symptoms.

➢ There are several unresolved controversies, including the cellular changes that accompany the tendinopathic disease state and the role of inflammation.

➢ Additional research is needed to correlate the manifestations of the disease with its pathogenesis, with the goal of reaching a field-wide consensus on the pathology of the disease state. Such a consensus will allow standardized clinical practices to more effectively diagnose and treat tendinopathy.
Specific features of NDVI, NDWI and MNDWI as reflected in land cover categories
Authors: Szabó Szilárd , Gácsi Zoltán , Balázs Boglárka
Published: October 2016

The remote sensing techniques provide a great possibility to analyze the environmental processes inlocal or global scale. Landsat images with their 30 m resolution are suitable among others for landcover mapping and change monitoring. In this study three spectral indices (NDVI, NDWI, MNDWI) wereinvestigated from the aspect of land cover types: water body (W); plough land (PL); forest (F); vineyard(V); grassland (GL) and built-up areas (BU) using Landsat-7 ETM+ data. The range, the dissimilaritiesand the correlation of spectral indices were examined. In BU – GL – F categories similar NDVI valueswere calculated, but the other land cover types differed significantly. The water related indices (NDWI,MNDWI) were more effective (especially the MNDWI) to enhance water features, but the values of othercategories ranged from narrower interval. Weak correlation were found among the indices due to thedifferences caused by the water land cover class. Statistically, most land cover types differed from eachother, but in several cases similarities can be found when delineating vegetation with various watercontent. MNDWI was found as the most effective in highlighting water bodies.
Wheat Curl Mite Resistance in Hard Winter Wheat in the US Great Plains
Authors: Dhakal Smit , Tan Chor‐Tee , Paezold Li , Fuentealba Maria P. , Rudd Jackie C. , Blaser Brock C. , Xue Qingwu , Rush Charlie M. , Devkota Ravindra N. , Liu Shuyu
Published: October 2016

Viral diseases transmitted by wheat curl mite (WCM, Aceria tosichella Keifer) have been a persistent concern to farmers and researchers for at least six decades. Yield losses caused by mite–virus complexes up to 100% at the field level have been reported in several states of the Great Plains. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of resistance of hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm lines and cultivars to WCM. Four sets of wheat lines from 2014 trials were screened, including 40 lines from the Northern Regional Performance Nursery, 40 lines from the Southern Regional Performance Nursery, 40 Texas elite wheat lines, and 52 cultivars and elite breeding lines. Two different mite collections, Texas WCM collection 1 (TWCMC1) and Texas WCM collection 2 (TWCMC2), were used to screen wheat lines. All cultivars and lines were infested with WCM at the two‐leaf stage and scored on the first and second week after the second infestation. A total of 43 wheat lines and cultivars showed resistance to TWCMC1, but only 18 of them consistently exhibited resistance to TWCMC2, which is virulent to wheat‐rye translocation 1AL.1RS. All the lines having the ‘Amigo’ 1AL.1RS translocation (Cmc3) across the four tests showed resistance to TWCMC1 but not to TWCMC2. Among the 22 lines with ‘TAM 112’ in their pedigree, 19 lines were resistant to TWCMC1, but only a subset of 12 showed resistance to TWCMC2. TWCMC2 and mite collections from Kansas and Nebraska were differentiated based on the high‐resolution melting curves and sequence analysis of mite DNA. Results from this study will help wheat breeders and geneticists to select WCM‐resistant parental lines for their breeding programs.
Seed Yield Components in Single Plants of Diverse Scandinavian Tetraploid Red Clover Populations (Trifolium pratense L.)
Authors: Amdahl Helga , Aamlid Trygve S. , Marum Petter , Ergon Åshild , Alsheikh Muath , Rognli Odd Arne
Published: October 2016

Satisfactory seed yield of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cultivars is crucial for the availability of seeds on the market. Many breeders and researchers have used seed yield components to measure, compare, and explain differences in seed yield between diploid and tetraploid red clover cultivars and populations; however, the relative importance of each component varies between studies. In 2011 and 2012, single‐plant trials with several tetraploid and one diploid red clover cultivar were established at the Norwegian plant breeding station at Bjørke. The goal was to study the impact of different seed‐yield components on the seed yield of tetraploid plants. Seed weight per flower head was the seed‐yield component that correlated best with the seed yield plant−1 (r = 0.91 and r = 0.68 in 2011 and 2012, respectively). Path coefficient analysis has also shown that the seed weight per flower head had the highest direct impact on seed yield plant−1 (direct path coefficients were 0.867 and 0.783 in 2011 and 2012, respectively). In comparison, the direct path coefficients for calculated number of flower heads, which was previously highlighted as the most important seed‐yield component, were lower and more variable (0.739 and 0.392 in 2011 and 2012, respectively). Since previously seed yield per flower head was also identified as the most important seed‐yield component in dense plant canopy, this component might have the potential to select for improved seed yield of new cultivars based on single plants. However, further studies are required to confirm this conclusion.
Comparative Genetic Analysis of Lint Yield and Fiber Quality among Single, Three‐way, and Double Crosses in Upland Cotton
Authors: Zeng Linghe , Wu Jixiang , Bechere Efrem
Published: October 2016

Appropriate crossing systems for genetic improvement of quantitative traits are critical in cotton breeding. Determination of genetic variance for lint yield and fiber quality in three different crossing schemes (single cross [SC], three‐way cross [TWC], and double cross [DC]) of upland cotton (Gossypium histutum L.) will help breeders decide which crossing scheme to use in hybrid production and pure‐line development. This study was designed to compare agronomic performance and fiber quality among SCs, TWCs, and DCs and determine genetic variance for evaluated traits in the three crossing systems. A balanced set of 10 F2 hybrid populations from each crossing system was planted with their five parents in 2013, 2014, and 2015. There were no significant differences for lint yield and fiber properties between SC and the other two crossing systems. When genetic variance components were expressed as proportions of the total phenotypic variances (VP), there were mainly dominance (VD) and environmental variances (VE) for lint yield in F2 hybrids of all three crossing systems. The predominance of VD for lint yield suggests that selection would be more successful in later generations than in early generations among lines derived from SCs, TWCs, and DCs. The proportion of dominance (VD/VP) and additive genetic variances (VA/VP) for yield components was greater in TWCs and DCs than in SCs. Midparent heterosis (MPH) of lint yield in TWCs increased compared with SCs. Results indicate that TWCs may be used to enhance heterosis in hybrids, and TWCs and DCs may be used in pure‐line development to increase yield potential of upland cotton cultivars.
Factor IX and Factor XI inhibition following cardiac surgery leading to massive transfusion
Authors: Churchill Sara , Al‐Meshhedani Hasham , Percy Charles , Thomas Dafydd
Published: October 2016

This case report highlights the importance of accurate interpretation of haemostatic tests in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. We report a case of major haemorrhage and massive transfusion where factor IX and factor XI inhibitors were present on formal coagulation testing giving a rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) result suggestive of an excessive heparin effect.
Naturaleza hablante: Estrategias para generar voces creíbles a partir de elementos o fenómenos de la naturaleza
Authors: Aldana Blanco Andrea Lorena
Published: October 2016

Este documento explora la técnica de síntesis de vozcross-synthesis, a partir de sonidos de la naturaleza y grabaciones de voz con el fin de generar expresiones creíbles que preserven las características del sonido de la naturaleza escogido, en este caso el mar, conservando a su vez la inteligibilidad del mensaje. El mecanismo propuesto de producción sonora del mar se articula asociando olas a sílabas, y se proponen estrategias para controlar la velocidad y trayectoria de las olas. La automatización del proceso requiere el uso de descriptores tímbricos y el análisis fonético del texto que el mar debe recitar.
Identificación visual sobre sistema embebido para navegación robótica autónoma
Authors: Martínez S Fredy H. , Martínez S Fernando , Montiel Holman
Published: October 2016

Este artículo de investigación ataca el problema de la navegación robótica autónoma basada en sistemas de visión artificial en tiempo real. Como una primera aproximación a un sistema de visión artificial que permita la navegación del robot, se ha desacoplado el módulo sensor e implementado como una unidad independiente sobre un pequeño robot diferencial. Sobre él, se han realizado estudios básicos de navegación por identificación visual de landmarks (marcas especiales) en un ambiente desconocido. Los estudios de desempeño, realizados tanto a través de simulación como por evaluación directa sobre prototipos en laboratorio, demuestran la eficacia de las estructuras propuestas, tanto del hardware de identificación en tiempo real como de la estrategia básica de navegación considerada para su evaluación.
Procedimiento para obtención de placas poliméricas reforzadas con fibra natural
Authors: Delgado Tobón Arnoldo E. , Aperador Ch. William , Buitrago Óscar Y.
Published: October 2016

En esta investigación se presenta una metodología para la elaboración de láminas compuestas de polietileno de baja densidad (LDPE) y fibra natural. El proceso de mezclado se realizó con un equipo de cámara interna tipo banbury a nivel de laboratorio. Posteriormente fue sometido al proceso de moldeo por compresión, para ello se utilizó una prensa hidráulica con sistema de calentamiento. Inicialmente las láminas presentaron varios problemas de calidad entre ellos, presencia de burbujas, irregularidad superficial y geométrica. Mediante la aplicación de acciones correctivas tales como la aplicación de vacío en la etapa de mezclado, el laminado del material antes de ser puesto en el molde y la incorporación de fibra de tamaño de partícula entre 300-1000 µm se obtuvieron láinas de excelente acabado.
Analysis of a Composite Microlift-GliderWing Structure Using Finite Element Analysis and Manual Calculation
Authors: Gaitán Aroca Jorge Eliécer , Sánchez Harold , Niño Jairo
Published: October 2016

 

El artículo describe un proyecto en la Universidad de San Buenaventura, sede Bogotá, en el cual se desarrolla el diseño estructural del ala de un planeador, el cual se enfoca en materiales como la madera y materiales compuestos. En la primera etapa se establecen las cargas principales para un cálculo posterior, luego se propone la configuración de la estructura alar a analizar haciendo énfasis en materiales compuestos. Se tiene en cuenta en el análisis estructural el factor de carga máximo que se puede desarrollar durante un vuelo normal. Dichos cálculos se aplican a la misma estructura por medio de un análisis en elementos finitos con el fin de comparar datos.

 

 

 
Procedimiento para obtener respuestas al impulso de un recinto, y su aplicación ensistemas multicanal
Authors: Flores Noriega Joe
Published: October 2016

 

Esta investigación está basada en el empleo de la tecnología y el cómputo aplicado a señales acústicas de un recinto, como herramienta para mejorar la experiencia del oyente durante la reproducción de un material musical o ejecución «en vivo». Se requiere para ello de un proceso diseñado con tal fin y de un recinto preparado para la emisión de señales de audio en formato multicanal. El presente documento guiará al lector a través del proceso hasta llegar a las demostraciones finales.

 
Identificación de patrones sísmicos en registros 2d mediante maquinas de soporte vectorial (SVM)
Authors: Rodríguez Acevedo Julián , Cárdenas Buitrago Sandra , Fonseca Montoya Juan David
Published: October 2016

La característica conocida como Brigth spot en los registros sísmicos determina una alta probabilidad de encontrar “trampas” de hidrocarburos. Este trabajo presenta el resultado de la clasiﬁcación de registros sísmicos que poseen esta característica empleando una máquina de soporte vectorial con kernel polinómico de tercer orden como clasiﬁcador automático. Se “ensambla” una matriz de diez atributos característicos de cada registro sísmico y empleando el análisis de componentes principales para reducir la dimensionalidad de la información sísmica, se obtienen dos características que explican el 99% de la varianza con lo cual se consigue un reconocimiento promedio de registros con característica Brigth spot del 95.65%.
Escape from a Life of Secrets and Emergence of Psychopathy from a Mask of Sanity
Authors: Sivised Vittika
Published: October 2016

This paper explores the progression of psychopathy within the main character of Jim Thompson’s The Killer Inside Me. Lou Ford hides behind a social mask depicting a kindhearted oaf to conceal the psychopathic and violent personality that lies beneath. Throughout the novel, Lou Ford’s psychopathic personality begins to surface as he progresses from mere verbal jabs to murder as he tries to escape from his past and his obligations to his father. These obligations that he has put upon himself keep him from leaving the town; however, as he destroys the chains that bind him to the town by murdering those who represents these chains, his psychopathic personality, which is his real personality, grows in strength, and soon, the truth of his violent nature is known by the rest of the characters. In the end, to truly escape from the town, Lou Ford commits his final act: suicide. This act of suicide frees him from the past and he was able to be who he always was, a psychopath.