bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Permittivity of SiC ceramic matrix compositesin Ku band
Authors: Ouhassan Youssef , Bri Seddik , El boubakraoui My Chrif , Habibi Mohamed
Published: January 2021

The objective of this work is to determine the dielectric permittivity of two SiC ceramic matrix composites. These composites are reinforced with NicalonSiCfibers and SCS6SiC fibers (SiCf / SiC) and have different volume fractions. The results obtained show that the dielectric property depends on the volume fraction and the frequency. Composites with high volume fractions have better dielectric properties than others. The values of the real and imaginary part of the complex permittivity decrease with frequency increase in the Ku-band. Moreover, the imaginary part takes negative values.
Numerical modeling of copper macro-segregation in the binary alloy Al-4Cu
Authors: Benmaziane Sara , Ben Lenda Omar , Zerrouk latifa , Saad Elmadani
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the modeling of the solidification of Al-4Cu alloy was studied. The calculation code is developed to model the equiaxed globular solidification of the Al-4Cu alloy in a square mold. The mold walls are subjected to constant temperatures and the velocity components are equal to 0, the exchange coefficient ’H’ between the interface of the melt and the mold is estimated at 500 W/( m2 K) and the initial melt temperature ’T0’ is equal to 900 K. The resolution method used is finite differences, the upwind scheme for convective terms, and the space-centered scheme for diffusive terms. The calculated profiles are temperature, solid fraction, concentration and macro-segregation of copper. At the beginning of cooling, the solidification of the Al-4Cu alloy started in the four corners of the plate. The grains formed at the walls could not move in the studied surface. With cooling time, the solidification of the casting developed rapidly in the lower part; because, the grains formed away from the walls sedimented and accumulated in this part of the plate. On other hand, the liquid was located mainly in the upper part. The segregation of copper in the two-phase mixture is due to its continuous rejection from the solid to the liquid.
Effect of Deposition Conditions on Oxide Parameters of Silicon
Authors: Merabet Souad , Alioua Ahlem , Djellil Bilal
Published: January 2021

In this study, the effect of deposition conditions and the temperature thermal treatment on the oxide parameters of two structures of silicon layers were investigated. The study present the evolution of in situ boron profiles following a dry thermal oxidation in poly-Si/SiO2/c-Si films deposited at 520°C and 605°C temperatures and thermally oxidized in dry oxygen at respectively temperature 840°C, 945°C and 1050°C for duration tr=1h33’. The results show that the deposition conditions and the temperature treatment make a very important impact on the obtained films, which affect the redistribution and localization of dopants. It has been observed that the obtained value of the linear and the parabolic rate constant, the diffusion coefficient and the oxidation thickness are higher in the films deposited at Td = 520°C than those deposited at Td = 605°C. Also, the X-ray diffraction is strongly affected by the oxide thickness deposited between poly-silicon layers and crystalline substrates.
The history and recent advances of Natural Language Interfaces for Databases Querying
Authors: Majhadi Khadija , Machkour Mustapha
Published: January 2021

Databases have been always the most important topic in the study of information systems, and an indispensable tool in all information management systems. However, the extraction of information stored in these databases is generally carried out using queries expressed in a computer language, such as SQL (Structured Query Language). This generally has the effect of limiting the number of potential users, in particular non-expert database users who must know the database structure to write such requests. One solution to this problem is to use Natural Language Interface (NLI), to communicate with the database, which is the easiest way to get information. So, the appearance of Natural Language Interfaces for Databases (NLIDB) is becoming a real need and an ambitious goal to translate the user’s query given in Natural Language (NL) into the corresponding one in Database Query Language (DBQL). This article provides an overview of the state of the art of Natural Language Interfaces as well as their architecture. Also, it summarizes the main recent advances on the task of Natural Language Interfaces for databases.
Molecular dynamics simulation of lithium fluoride in aqueous solutions at different temperatures 300 K – 360 K
Authors: Errougui Abdelkbir , Benbiyi Asmaa
Published: January 2021

Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for rechargeable batteries due to its large capacity, but its performance is plagued by high chemical reactivity, forming an unstable Li–electrolyte interface. Lithium fluoride has been recently touted as a promising material to improve this interface. Computer simulation of lithium in fluoride aqueous solution has an important tool in understanding the structural and dynamical characteristics of ionic complexes. In this investigation, the structural and dynamical properties of supersatured LiF systems have been studied by molecular dynamics simulations at different temperatures range from 300 K up to 360 K using SPC/E water model and the ions which are modeled as charged Lennard-Jones particles. The cartesian positions of each atom of lithium chloride aqueous solution are recorded at every time step of the trajectory. Therefore, the analysis of data requires to calculate the radial distribution functions (RDF) describing the structural and dynamical properties of the water and Li+ and F-ions, such as the coordination numbers, interparticle distances, self-diffusion coefficients and dielectric constants at various temperatures.
Techno-Economic Assessment of Hydrogen Usage in a Smart Grid, Employing a Staggered Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Speckmann Friedrich-Wilhelm , Weeber Max , Birke Kai Peter
Published: January 2021

A sustainable energy economy implies high shares of volatile renewable energy sources and requires the use of energy storage technologies. Hydrogen is a very flexible energy carrier and can be employed as a large-scale energy storage in electric grids. This paper focuses on the integration of hydrogen production, conversion and storage options in a smart grid environment. A process current source (PCS) that functions as a rectifier for an alkaline electrolysis system and is compared to a conventional rectifier structure that is not specifically designed for dynamic operation. All components of the smart grid are scaled using a staggered algorithm that combines a pattern search algorithm and a genetic algorithm. This smart optimization tool shows high flexibility, accuracy and low computing times. The required computing time has been reduced by 56% in contrast to genetic algorithms without the pattern search method. Furthermore, the energy system optimization reduced the alkaline electrolysis below 30% of the initial scale in order to yield lower costs. Therefore, the difference in rectifier performance was reduced to a minor contribution.
The Nutrient Management Improvement of Rice Culture in the Freshwater Swampland
Authors: Puji Handayani Etik , Juarsah Isak , Rakhmiati  , niswati Ainin
Published: January 2021

The new challenge for Indonesian food security in the future depends on the productivity of rice on the sub-optimal land, including freshwater swampland. It is a specific and unique characteristic of rice culture. This study aims to analyze opportunities for innovating technology applied to improve the availability of nutrients based on the existing nutrient in freshwater swampland. The soil survey method by purposive and random samplings used to the composite soil sampling in the two sub-district in Banyuasin District, South Sumatera Province, then analyzed in the laboratory. Data collected analysis through descriptive statistics. The results showed that Rice cultivation in the freshwater swampland was a profitable venture. Unavailability of P nutrients for rice plants was the main problem on acidic soil (pH 3.32-4.12), caused by increased the solubility of Fe and Al. Hence the adoption of farmers to various technological innovations such as liming, fertilization, and amelioration to increase soil pH is the key to success in rice culture in the freshwater swampland besides growing tolerant varieties.
Can Credit Program Improve Agricultural Productivity? Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Wirakusuma Gilang , Irham Irham
Published: January 2021

Agricultural credit is a vital policy in improving farm performance since agricultural households face financial constraints in their business. This study aims to: (1) examine the impact of credit s on agricultural productivity while investigating the difference in impact generated by loans originating from governmental program loans and nonprogram loans and; (2) identify the characteristics of farm households that influence the use of credit in their business. This study employed cross-sectional micro-data at the household level drawn from the 2013 Indonesian Agricultural Census, in which 86,922 rice farm households were randomly selected as the research sample. The model was examined by using Two-Stage Least Square to avoid the selectivity bias. Results show that credit originated from government programs has a small impact on agricultural productivity, although the significant correlation appears. Furthermore, the use of credit, both government programs, and non-programs are determined by socio-economic aspects, agricultural subsidy, perceptions on risks, and perception on-farm profitability. Based on the results, the provision of credit to agricultural activities has to be supported by the provision of supporting incentives, such as agricultural counseling and irrigation facilities, in order to boost agricultural productivity effectively.
Productivity of Maize in The Marginal Dryland in East Nusa Tenggara Province – Indonesia
Authors: Leki Seran Yohanes , da Silva Helena , Kario dan Nelson
Published: January 2021

Topography in East Nusa Tenggara Province dominate by dryland and slope land. In the dryland farmers develop farming system of maize as a staple crop. Dryland potential for food crop in Bali and Nusa Tenggara reach 645,891 ha but have low fertile and low productivity of maize. Productivity of maize in East Nusa Tenggara Province only reach 2.7 ton/ha. This is lower productivity if compare with average of national level and result of research. The objective of research is to get specific technology of maize cultivation in the marginal dryland. This research was conducted in Kupang District as long as dry season at 2019. In this research apply three technology in maize cultivation. There were consist of (1) Farming system of maize that Apply recommendation chemical fertilizer + manure, (2) Farming system of maize that apply recommendation chemical fertilizer (Urea and NPK), (3) Farming system of maize that have no apply chemical fertilizer and manure. The Result of this research show that productivity of maize can reach 5.6 ton/ha on technology recommendation chemical and manure fertilizer.
Assessing Farmers’ Decision-Making in the Implementation of Jajar Legowo Planting System in Rice Farming Using a Logit Model Approach in Bantul Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Istiyanti Eni
Published: January 2021

Jajar Legowo is one of the planting systems in rice farming. Proper implementation of this system can increase farmers’ production and income. This research aims to describe the characteristics of farmers based on internal and external factors and analyze the factors influencing of decision making in the implementation of the Jajar Legowo planting system. Respondents were taken using a stratified random sampling method, as many as 50 farmers consisting of 25 farmers who implemented the Jajar Legowo planting system and 25 farmers who used a conventional system. The characteristics of rice farmers were explained descriptively in a tabular form. The binary logit regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing farmers’ decision making. The results show most of the rice farmers implementing both the Jajar Legowo and the conventional systems were of productive age with elementary school education. The land area and income of Jajar Legowo farmers were higher than conventional farmers. The social and economic environments of both the planting system were already high. Nature of Innovation of the farmers applying Jajar Legowo planting system were high. The variables income, land area, and the nature of innovation influenced farmers’ decision making in implementing Jajar Legowo planting system.
Empowerment of Farmers toward Corporate Implementation
Authors: Sehat Tan Siti , Mailena Lira
Published: January 2021

During the last few years, farmer empowerment has been the main agenda of government programs to achieve the agricultural sector revitalization, which focuses more on human resources and farmer institutional development. Further, through the Minister of Agriculture, the government program with a target of establishing 350 farmer corporations by 2024 is a necessity if farmer groups are built with the support of the skilled and market-oriented. The assessment used a qualitative approach that focuses on data related to the assessment problem. Secondary data were obtained from various relevant literature to explore the correlationbetween empirical facts and government programs and regulations. The case study was conducted in October 2019 at Gapoktan Sidomulyo in Godean District, Yogyakarta Province. The results of the study showed that empirically, Gapoktan Sidomulyo is the advanced Farmer Group Association that successfully managed the farmer institution since it was supported by its history of formation and skilled human resources who were always market-oriented. On the other hand, the management of Gapoktan Sidomulyo still did not want to transform the Gapoktan into a legal business entity because it was considered more complicated and did not provide benefits.
Social policy on the rural coastal communities: why the implementation fails?
Authors: Yudiatmaja Wayu Eko , Kristanti Dwi , Prastya Imam Yudhi , Yudithia Yudithia , Samnuzulsari Tri , Suyito Suyito , Safitri Dian Prima
Published: January 2021

This paper analyses the failure of social policy implementation for rural coastal communities. We focus on the comparison of two social policies for fishermen communities. This research was carried out in rural coastal areas in Natuna and Bintan, Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia. We used a qualitative approach to explore both the content and the context of the policies. A series of participants were approached through an in-depth interview. This study shows that the stressing on the policy content has ignored the policy context, causing policy failure. Theoretically, this research adds to the body of literature on policy implementation by offering a comparative case study. In the process of implementing public policy, we practically suggest to the government to provide special attention to the context of where the policy is implemented to minimize the policy failure.
Towards Commercial Orientation of Maize Farming In East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Ngongo Yohanis , Basuki Tony , Abola Miqdoth S. , Kotta Noldy R. E , Hosang Evert Y.
Published: January 2021

Maize constitute dominant food crop in upland semi-arid region of East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) and as a main staple for majority of rural farmers. This paper examines Provincial Government programs to increase maize production and to reform maize production orientation. Data and information being used from the recent program: “Maize Planting, Cattle Harvest (MPCH)”. The survey was conducted in all villages in Districts of Timor and Sumba Island as pilot project. The study showed that: 1). Maize farmers keen to change production orientation from subsistence to semi and fully commercial as long as there are surplus production and better access to the market, 2). Average maize productivity of farmers under program (5 – 8 ton/ha) higher than traditional practices (1 – 2 ton/ha), 3). Most farmers under the program have access to have own cattle 1- 2 head/household from surplus production of maize sold with contract price IDR 3,200/kg. This result implies that incorporated farmer into the market from the beginning of the program, technical assistance to apply appropriate innovations, organized farmers groups to enhance business scale and government support to minimize production cost lead farmers to adopt new innovation, increase maize production and change maize production orientation (commercial).
Supply Chain Performance of Organic Red Rice through PT Lingkar Organik Indonesia in Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Susanawati  , Nur Handayani Zachra
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to describe the relationship structure of organic red rice supply chain and measure the supply chain performance through PT Lingkar Organik Indonesia. The number of respondents in this study was 97 people, consisting of 30 farmers, one trader, one director of PT Lingkar Organik Indonesia, four retailers, one industrial consumer, and 60 household consumers. This study employed a descriptive analysis. The results showed that the organic red rice supply chain’s relationship structure consisted of nine actors forming five chains and having different activities. The actors consisted of farmers, trader, PT Lingkar Organik Indonesia, Pamella Supermarkets, Maga Swalayan, Progo Store, Mirota, Panti Rapih Hospital, and household consumers. In terms of continuity flow, the supply chain performance of organic red rice comprising the product flow, money flow, and information flow as a whole, has not been going well. It was because there were still quite smooth flows, including product flow and information flow. The best performance was the chain formed from farmers, trader, PT Lingkar Organik Indonesia, and Panti Rapih Hospital.
Key Success Factors' Identification of Farm Tourism: A Case from Indonesia
Authors: Fatmawati Indah , Bestari Sabila Ayu , Rostiani Rokhima
Published: January 2021

The setting of this study is an orchard that has turned into thriving farm tourism. The company continues to develop itself in line with the high demand for horticultural products and tourism to excel in doing business. This research aims to identify the key success factors of a tourism farm company. Having useful information enables a company to understand its competitive advantages and powerful resources. Therefore, they can outperform the competition and prevent competitive losses. This study employs an exploratory qualitative approach. Data collection was using observation, interviews, and data generated from the company. This research is using three analytical techniques. First, the external environment analysis consisted of Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, Technological, and Environmental analysis (PESTEL) and Porter's Five Forces Analysis (PFFA). Second, the internal environment analysis encompassed Value Chain analysis, STP analysis, and Marketing Mix analysis. Then, SWOT analysis to determine alternative strategies generated from the external and internal environment analysis. Results revealed that the key success factors of tourism farm company included human resources and natural resources. In this case, the company's service characteristic is inseparable. Lastly, the company must find solutions to overcome their weaknesses, such as the lack of technology and social media use.
Competitiveness of broiler in Tondano Utara district, regency of minahasa in north Sulawesi province, Indonesia
Authors: Wantasen Erwin , Rini Leke Jein , Nery Sompie Florencia
Published: January 2021

The research aims to analyze competitiveness of broiler in District of Tondano Utara, Regency of Minahasa. Sampling technique utilized was saturated sampling (census method) by taking all existing samples, containing of 68 samples of broiler in the region of District of Tondano Utara. Further, data analysis employed Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The analysis finding shows that PCR (Private Cost Ratio) valuewas less than(<) 1, which was 0.65. This means that business system of broiler cultivated by breeders had competitive advantage. Breeder was able to compete with broiler business in other regions, instead of enabling to finance domestic factor in private price. Husbandry sector had competitive advantage whereas DRCR (Domestic Resources Cost Ratio) value was less than (<) 1, representing that advantage obtained by breeder was greater than its social cost of non-tradable input. In broiler’s case showed in District of Tondano Utara, DRCR value was less than (<) 1, which was 0.96, depicting that husbandry sector had comparative competitiveness since it could finance its domestic factor related to social cost and it was economically efficient. Therefore it is recommended to encourage market expansion to the export market through the development of broiler chicken meat processing industry in North Sulawesi.
Investment risk management for vanilla agribusiness development in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Suci
Published: January 2021

Indonesia's position as the world's largest vanilla producer has been replaced by Madagascar. This condition is caused by the declining quality of Indonesian vanilla. Competitiveness is related to the degree of transformation determined by investment capital, technology availability, and managerial ability. Limited investment is one of the characteristics of vanilla development in addition to high business risk and low technology adoption. It is affected by risk perceptions in production and investment behaviour of farmers. This study aims to analyse investment risks in the development of vanilla agribusiness and formulate investment risk mitigation strategies. The analysis uses Risk Matrix Analysis by measuring the degree of severity and probability, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process to assess the strategy. Agribusiness investment is an important element and catalyst to agricultural development. The risks of vanilla agribusiness investment are not only determined by risks arising from the financial aspect but also influenced by technical aspects. They are divided into production risk, price or market risk, financial risk, institutional risk, and human or personal risk. Risk mitigation strategies can be divided into on-farm strategies and share risk strategies. Stem Rot disease, vanilla theft, and price fluctuation are the most important risk in vanilla agribusiness investment.
The Assessment of Production System and Marketing of Siam Citrus in Jember Regency
Authors: Indrasti Rita , Markus Rawung Jefny B.
Published: January 2021

Siam citrus is a potential horticultural commodity for export and has high economic value. This research was conducted in Umbulsari District, Jember Regency, one of the productions and marketing centres for Siam citrus in East Java Province. The research results on the production and marketing system for the Siam citrus commodity in Jember Regency show that economically the Siam citrus agribusiness provides direct economic benefits to local farmers and has a multiplier effect for a household. The marketing system has been running, involving many actors known as the perfect competition market. However, it is necessary to increase farmers' bargaining value by strengthening farmer institutions, capital institutions, and market and technology information systems. The SWOT analysis results show that the opportunity for the development of Siam citrus is still facing technical problems in cultivation and marketing institutions. However, Siam citrus cultivation is the strength component to meet domestic demand in the country.
Consumer Preferences for Fresh and Frozen Local Beef in Sleman Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Rozaki Zuhud , Susanawati  , Rina Kamardiani Diah , Kartika Huda Arafahni
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the consumer preferences for fresh and frozen local beef in Sleman Regency by employing a descriptive method. Meatshop Oricow, the biggest beef seller in Sleman Regency, was chosen purposively as the research location. A sample consisting of 50 fresh local beef consumers and 50 frozen local beef consumers were surveyed. Chi-Square analysis was utilized to determine the attributes of both fresh and frozen local beef. While the multi-attribute Fishbein analysis was used to determine consumers’ attitudes toward both fresh and frozen local beef purchases. The results revealed that fairly cheap price, bright red meat color, fine fiber, practical packaging, less water content, low-fat content, and freshness were preferences of consumers in purchasing fresh and frozen local beef. Therefore, understanding consumer preferences can be the first step to develop the local beef market.
Genetic Analysis of Tertiary Rice Panicle Branches
Authors: Hastini Tri , Bayuardi Suwarno Willy , Ghulamahdi Munif , Aswidinnoor Hajrial
Published: January 2021

Panicle branching trait of rice is one of the key factors in detemining grain yield. This study was aimed to elucidate the genetic inheritance pattern of the tertiary rice panicle branches trait. Six rice populations i.e F1, F1R, F2, F2R, BC1P1, and BC1P2 generation including parental lines were generated as materials. The experiment was conducted at IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia from April 2017 to February 2019. Several parameters of genetic inheritance was observed. The result revealed that the inheritance of the tertiary panicle branching was controlled by many genes with the high broad-sense heritability and the moderate narrow-sense ones. Based on the scaling test, it was observed that additive dominant model did not fit to the number of tertiary branches and the number of grains of tertiary panicle branches. These phenomenons suspected may due probably to the effect of epistasis. In the advanced analysis employed by using the joint scaling test revealed that the gene action of the number of tertiary branches and number of grains on the tertiary branches were additive and additive×additive.
Introduction of Dryland Soybean Technology in Pandeglang Regency, Banten
Authors: Nur Susilawati Pepi , Kardiyono Kardiyono , Fauzan Ahmad , Astuti Yati , Mutmainah Hijriah , Yursak Zuraida
Published: January 2021

odities in Indonesia is soybeans. Domestic soybean production is still low so that it can fill the gap in the domestic fever that is possible through imports. Farmers are less interested in planting soybeans because it is less profitable. Technological innovation and increasing farmer motivation to plant soybeans need to be done, one of which is through demonstration plots and farmer training. The research was carried out in Mekar Sari Village, Panimbang District, Pandeglang Regency, Banten. The study was conducted in the demonstration plot including the introduction of new high yielding varieties. Farmer responses were explored through farmer field day using a questionnaire. The aims of a research is to introduce the technology of dryland soybean cultivation and explore the interest of farmers in developing this technology. the majority of farmers were males with there were 65% of farmers had narrow land area that is ≤ 0,4 ha. Dena 1 variety produced the highest productivity of 1,820.1 kg/h compared to other varieties. The motivation to develop dryland soybean technology is based on the desire to develop more advanced and modern (72.5%), gain insight and knowledge (67.5%) and to develop the regional economy (66.25%).
The effect of aerosol treatment with calcium-based preparation on quality of table grape cultivar during storage
Authors: Cherviak Sofia , Levchenko Svetlana , Boyko Vladimir , Belash Dmitriy
Published: January 2021

The main problems of grape storage are berry dehydration and rot. One of the solutions to reduce rot and preserve the quality of grapes during storage is the use of aerosol treatment with calcium content before storing. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of physiologically active substances based on calcium in various concentrations on the quality and organoleptic characteristics of table grape cvs. ‘Italia’ during long-term storage. The effectiveness of the studied systems of treatment was evaluated according to the content of sugars and titratable acids, the activity of the redox enzymes of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, weight loss of bunch and organoleptic properties. The greatest effectiveness established by using preparation of Master Green Ca, Brentax KCa, and Brentax Ca (in concentration 150g / 20l). Experimental treatments significantly decreased the weight loss of bunch (less than 4%), and preserved organoleptic properties of berry at a high level (8.2-8.9 points). Decrease in the activity of oxidative enzymes had a positive effect on the quality of table grapes and contributed to its better preservation. The data obtained make it possible to rationalize the system of long-term storage of grapes by using of aerosol treatment with calcium-based preparation.
The Vegetative Growth Response of Detam Soybean Varieties towardsBacillus subtilisandTrichodermasp. Applications as Bio-fertilizer
Authors: Miftakhurrohmat Agus , Sutarman
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of bacterial isolates ofBacillus subtilisBs-Sdj-01 andTrichodermasp. Tc-Jro-02 isolates as biological fertilizer in plant growth until the end of the vegetative phase. The experiment was arranged factorially in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with each factor being the application ofB. subtilisconsisting of and withoutB. subtilisand the Trichoderma application consisting of with and without Trichoderma; the experiment was repeated four times. The observed variables were: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, stover dry weight, root dry weight, andB. subtilispopulation at the end of the observation. Data were analyzed using with ANOVA and HSD tests at the 5% level. The combination ofTrichodermasp. andB. subtilisbacteria produce the highest increase in plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, stover dry weight, and root dry weight of soybean plants up to 35 days after planting and increase B.subtilispopulation grew from 1010 CFU.g-1 to be 4.43x1011 CFU.g-1. The presence ofTrichodermasupports the activity ofB. subtilisin the rhizosphere of the Detam variety soybean plantation.
Assessment of the influence of foliar treatment on productivity and phenolic maturity of grapes
Authors: Levchenko Svetlana , Cherviak Sofia , Boyko Vladimir , Belash Dmitriy , Ostroukhova Elena , Lutkova Natalia
Published: January 2021

An urgent task of today for grape growers is to find effective ways to achieve the compliance of conditional parameters to phenolic ripeness of grapes while maintaining high cropping capacity. In this study the influence of foliar treatment of grapes with nitrogen-containing preparations "Siamino Pro 500" on productivity and phenolic maturity of ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’ grape variety was investigated. Studies were carried out during 2018-2019. Grape maturity degree was assessed by the Glories method, based on the determining of the total and extractable anthocyanin potential of grapes. It was shown that, as a result of the experimental scheme of processing, the cropping capacity increased by 10- 14%, as well as the bunch weight - by 13 - 16%. Use of the preparation contributed to the onset of technical maturity of grapes at the earlier period compared to the control. The content of anthocyanins extracted from the skins was 49- 56%. Experimental grape samples were characterized by a higher content of titratable acids (by 1.4 and 1.2 g/l) and a lower sugar accumulation (by 9 and 16 g/l). Positive influence of the experimental scheme of processing on organoleptic properties of wines was observed.
Determining Impacts of Certification and Digitalization on Poverty of Smallholder Gayo Coffee Farmers in Indonesia
Authors: Karami Wahyu , Mustada Musa , S Navega Nonny , Hamid Humam , Nugroho Agus
Published: January 2021

The benefit of global coffee certification schemes on farmers’ economy is still arguable. A dynamic environment in voluntary standards and digitalization in the coffee trades has resulted in more complicated effects on the farmers' livelihood. This study aims to analyze the determining factors of certification schemes and digitalization on smallholder Gayo coffee farmers’ livelihood. A total number of 488 Gayo coffee farmers located in eight sub-districts of Aceh Tengah and Bener Meriah Regencies of Aceh Province have been interviewed. A logit regression model was applied to determine the factors affecting farmers’ poverty. This study found that in the “low management-low yields” coffee farmings, certification increases the income than the conventional coffees. However, the benefits only covered for farmer’s basic expenditure in the short term. This study implies that the Gayo coffee certification schemes have less impacts on the adoption of technology and digitalization.
The Development of Organic Tourism Villages Based on Participation and Local Wisdom in Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Karsidi Ravik , Sudardi Bani , Wijaya Mahendra
Published: January 2021

Participation and local wisdom are the basis for building the success of a tourist village. In a participative based tourist village, work opportunities can be created for the local community to help reduce poverty. The development model for a tourist village based on local wisdom provides the opportunity for the community to show the identity of its ecotourism and display its own uniqueness. The goal of the research is to understand the potential of social behavior that occurs in activities between individuals in the community, including aspects of participation and local wisdom in the success of developing organic tourist village. A qualitative research method is used which focuses on an investigation of the way human beings interpret values of local wisdom and the significance of participation in the development of the organic tourist village. In the research of a case study, to collect data which involve various sources of information (observation, interview, focus group discussion, audio-visual material, document, and report). The research results show that the development organic tourist village of Blederan based on participation and local wisdom. It impact to sustainability and independence of the community in resource management.
ALD-ZnMgO and absorber surface modifications to substitute CdS buffer layers in co-evaporated CIGSe solar cells
Authors: Hertwig Ramis , Nishiwaki Shiro , Ochoa Mario , Yang Shih-Chi , Feurer Thomas , Gilshtein Evgeniia , Tiwari Ayodhya N. , Carron Romain
Published: January 2021

High efficiency chalcopyrite thin film solar cells generally use chemical bath deposited CdS as buffer layer. The transition to Cd-free buffer layers, ideally by dry deposition methods is required to decrease Cd waste, enable all vacuum processing and circumvent optical parasitic absorption losses. In this study, Zn1−xMgxO thin films were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) as buffer layers on co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) absorbers. A specific composition range was identified for a suitable conduction band alignment with the absorber surface. We elucidate the critical role of the CIGS surface preparation prior to the dry ALD process. Wet chemical surface treatments with potassium cyanide, ammonium hydroxide and thiourea prior to buffer layer deposition improved the device performances. Additional in-situ surface reducing treatments conducted immediately prior to Zn1−xMgxO deposition improved device performance and reproducibility. Devices were characterised by (temperature dependant) current-voltage and quantum efficiency measurements with and without light soaking treatment. The highest efficiency was measured to be 18%.
Payback Period and Life Cycle Emissions of a Commercial Solar Carport with a Virtual Case Study
Authors: Satya Prakash Oruganti Kameswara , Aravind Vaithilingam Chockalingam , Ramasamy Agileswari , Rajendran Gowthamraj
Published: January 2021

The solar carport is a significant technology-oriented infrastructural concept for facilitating electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS). The EVCS predominantly utilise the onsite solar photovoltaic energy for the charging of EVs. Moreover, EVCS can act as multipurpose CS to enable Grid to Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle to Grid(V2G). Photovoltaic Electric vehicle charging station (PEVCS) can feed both EVs, traditional consumer loads, and can also feed power to the grid. Thus, enabling PEVCs across the various organisations and institutions can meet the local as well as dynamic demands incurred during charging of EVs. In this paper, a detailed economic and system analysis for the PEVCS is carried out using PVSyst and Helioscope for the area planning and shadow analysis. The normalised results of PEVCS is analysed along with the payback period and life cycle emissions are calculated for a virtual case study in Taylor’s University. At the end of the 25th year, based on the analysis, the overall payback and revenue for 25 years is 2,653.6 kMYR will be generated by selling energy at 0.58 MYR / kWh.
Study on Failure Analysis of Crankshaft Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Ang Yoon Zuan , Ku Pei Xuan
Published: January 2021

Crankshaft is one of the crucial parts for the internal combustion engine which required effective and precise working. In this study, the aim of the study is to identify the stress state in the crankshaft and to explain the failure in automotive crankshaft and fatigue life of crankshaft by using finite element analysis. The 3D solid modelling of the crankshaft model was designed and developed using SolidWorks. A static structural and dynamic analysis on an L-twin cylinder crankshaft were used to determine the maximum equivalent stress and total deformation at critical locations of the crankshaft. The model was tested under dynamic loading conditions to determine fatigue life, safety factor, equivalent alternating stress and damage using the fatigue tool. The results obtained from this study indicated that the crankshaft has obvious fatigue crack which was belongs to fatigue fracture. The fatigue fracture developed was only attributed to the propagating and initiate cracks on the edges of the lubrication hole under cyclic bending and torsion. Overall, the crankshaft is safe for both static and fatigue loadings. In dynamic analysis, the critical frequency obtained in the frequency response curve should be avoided which it may cause failure of the crankshaft.
Automated Water Irrigation System for Urban Farming
Authors: Murty Hafis , Fauzan Mohd Faizal
Published: January 2021

The advancement in knowledge and technology has benefited various types of industries worldwide including the agricultural sector. The developments in the traditional agricultural sector has created a new type of agronomy called, urban farming. This type of farming is usually done in the city or even in housing areas and apartments. The concept of this agricultural activity is to utilise limited amounts of available space for the planting of fruits and vegetables that can grow at a quick rate. This type of farming is small-scaled and requires low initial investments. However, the issue with urban farming is that water irrigation is usually done manually using human labour and is powered by electricity which is a non-renewable energy power source. Thus, the main objective of this research paper is to produce a new and improved small-scaled automated water irrigation system for urban farming that is not only self-sustainable but also powered by renewable energy. There were three types of analysis conducted that contained the major factors affecting a water irrigation system. These analyses are renewable energy, flow and economic analysis. Besides that, main design elements were also taken into consideration such as using renewable energy as a power source (Solar, Wind or Hydro), pump and motor power, pipe size, material, layout and cost, volumetric flow rate, head loss and actual pressure present in pipes. The results of the analysis justified that hydro energy was the best renewable energy to be used as a power source. The results also showed that a 500 W pump and motor set was most optimum to irrigate water in the urban farm. In addition, a 0.3 m underground pipe layout using ¾ inch rubber pipes was proven to be the most efficient for a new and improved water irrigation system. From the economic analysis conducted, the new and improved design of automated water irrigation system for urban farming was able to save up to RM 2364.58 annually with a Return on Investment (ROI) of about 6 months while showing profit within 1 year. The analyses conducted and results obtained proved that the new and improved design of automated water irrigation system for urban farming is not only cost efficient but is also environmentally friendly.
Effect of temperature mismatch on the life cycle of thermoelectric generator efficiency for waste heat recovery
Authors: Zi Feng Lim , Joon Hoong Lim
Published: January 2021

Global warming due to greenhouse gases that has been produced by energy generator as a byproduct has becoming a serious issue in recent decades. Thermoelectric module is an alternative method that can generate energy from heat and vice versa. The module is denominated as thermoelectric generator (TEG) when it is used to generate electricity via a process called the Seebeck effect. The use of thermoelectric generator has become more and more demanding due to the low maintenance cost and waste heat availability can be found everywhere in daily life such as car exhaust, roof tiles, and etc. The purpose of this research paper was to determine the effect of temperature mismatch on the life cycle of the thermoelectric generator efficiency using ANSYS simulation. The common used materials for the thermoelectric are bismuth telluride, lead telluride and silicon germanium. Each material has different thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity. The materials are paired together to form a thermocouple and the thermal gradient of the TEG is being evaluate through the simulation. Generally, the greater the temperature between the hot and cold side of the TEG, the higher the power generated. Bismuth telluride has a highest temperature difference between the hot and cold side followed by lead telluride and silicon germanium. The combination of BiTe(N) - BiTe(P) has the lowest minimum heat flux compared to the rest of the thermoelectric material combination. This proves that thermal and electrical properties and combination of thermoelectric material plays a vital role in the thermal gradient of the TEG.
Design Improvements of Acoustic Response of an Automotive Air Intake System
Authors: Yap Jin Teck , Abu Bakar Noor Zafirah , Shaikh Dawood Nur Fadzilah , Rosli Muhammad Adam
Published: January 2021

This study aims to improve the acoustic response of an automotive air intake system (AIS) using harmonics acoustics analysis system. Noise pollution imposes adverse health effects on human beings. One of the sources of noise pollution comes from the transportation sector. Combustion engines produce noise through the act of combustion during operation. Noise generated by the AIS affects the comfort and long-term health of humans during operations. The noise produced by the AIS can be reduced through the introduction to resonators. A baseline result was modelled through creating an internal cavity and running a harmonics acoustic analysis simulation in ANSYS. Transmission loss and frequency response data was analysed as well as the location of the noise through visual contour. Modifications to the baseline geometry were done through the addition of a resonator targeted at 197 Hz and the geometry was then analysed again through the same parameters with harmonics acoustics analysis. The results show the resonator is effective with the peak in noise at 197 Hz reduced but additional noise is introduced as a result of the addition of a resonator into the AIS.
Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy for decompensated gastroparesis: comprehensive motility analysis in relation to treatment outcomes
Authors: Conchillo José M. , Straathof Jan Willem A. , Mujagic Zlatan , Brouns Jenny H. , Bouvy Nicole D. , Keszthelyi Daniel , Masclee Ad A.M.
Published: January 2021

Background and study aims There are no reliable data to predict which patients with gastroparesis (GP) would benefit the most from gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM). The aim of the present study was to assess whether antro-duodenal motility patterns and pyloric distensibility can predict the outcome of G-POEM in patients with decompensated GP.

Patients and methods In an open-label study, patients with GP and refractory symptoms were eligible for treatment with G-POEM if treatment attempts according to a standardized stepwise protocol had failed. Baseline assessment included Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI), C13-octanoic gastric emptying breath test and high-resolution antro-duodenal manometry. Pyloric distensibility using EndoFlip measurements was assessed at baseline and 3 months after the procedure. Explorative analyses were performed on potential predictors of response using logistic regression analyses.

Results Twenty-four patients with decompensated GP underwent G-POEM. At baseline, 78.3 % and 61.9 % of patients showed antral hypomotility and neuropathic motor patterns, respectively. The technical success rate was 100 % (24/24). Mean GCSI improved significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months after G-POEM (P = 0.01). Median distensibility index (DI) improved significantly as compared with baseline (7.5 [6.9;11.7] vs. 5.3[3.1;8.1], P = 0.004). A significant correlation was found between clinical response at 6 months and pyloric DI improvement (P = 0.003). No potential predictors of clinical response after G-POEM could be identified in an explorative analysis.

Conclusions G-POEM improved pyloric distensibility patterns in patients with decompensated GP. Clinical response at 6 months after G-POEM was associated with pyloric distensibility improvement. However, no potential predictors of response could be identified from either antro-duodenal motility patterns or pyloric distensibility.
Motion training on a validated mechanical ERCP simulator improves novice endoscopist performance of selective cannulation: a multicenter trial
Authors: Voiosu Theodor , Puscasu Claudia , Orlandini Beatrice , Cavlina Masa , Bekkali Noor , Eusebi Leonardo Henry , Pizzicannella Margherita , Blero Daniel , Balanescu Paul , Voiosu Andrei , Perretta Silvana , Rustemovic Nadan , Fuccio Lorenzo , Mateescu Radu Bogdan , Hassan Cesare , Wani Sachin , Costamagna Guido , Boskoski Ivo
Published: January 2021

Background and study aims Current data show that traditional training methods in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fall short of producing competent trainees. We aimed to evaluate whether a novel approach to simulator-based training might improve the learning curve for novice endoscopists training in ERCP.

Methods We conducted a multicenter, randomized controlled trial using a validated mechanical simulator (the Boškoski-Costamagna trainer). Trainees with no experience in ERCP received either standard cannulation training or motion training before undergoing standard cannulation training on the mechanical simulator. Trainees were timed and graded on their performance in selective cannulation of four different papilla configurations.

Results Thirty-six trainees (16 in the motion training group, 20 in the standard group) performed 720 timed attempts at cannulating the bile duct on the simulator. Successful cannulation was achieved in 698 of 720 attempts (96.9 %), with no significant difference between the two study groups (P = 0.37). Trainees in the motion training group had significantly lower median cannulation times compared to the standard group (36 vs. 48 seconds, P = 0.001) and better technical performance on the first papilla type (P = 0.013).

Conclusions Our findings suggest that motion training could be an innovative method aimed at accelerating the learning curve of novice trainees in the early phase of their training. Future studies are needed to establish its role in ERCP training programs.