bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il sogno dell'uomo dei lupi era davvero un sogno infantile?
Authors: Romano Cesare
Published: November 2014

Viene preso in esame il sogno dell'Uomo dei lupi (Freud, 1914b) e messa in luce la contraddizione tra le affermazioni fatte da Freud a proposito della semplicità e della limitatezza del lavoro onirico nei sogni infantili e la elaborata interpretazione che egli diede di questo sogno. Su questa base viene rivalutata la tesi di Otto Rank (1926) che il sogno analizzato da Freud non fosse il sogno infantile ma una replica del sogno effettuato nel corso dell'analisi. Facendo riferimento a tradizioni natalizie russe e ad aspetti della cultura in voga nella Russia zarista, si cerca di ricostruire i possibili residui diurni all'origine di quel sogno, restituendogli quelle caratteristiche infantili che Freud stesso aveva riconosciuto nei suoi scritti.
Clinical Pattern and Management of Acute Pancreatitis  Our Experience
Authors: Hasan MM , Laila SZ , Mamun MH
Published: November 2014

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreas that may extend to local and distant extrapancreatic tissues. It is a life threatening disease that has many causes, few effective treatments, numerous serious complications, and an often unpredictable course. The objectives of this study are to develop our knowledge about presentation and diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, to assess the patient with acute pancreatitis accurately and to develop a standard management protocol. Methods: This observational study was carried out in Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka, CMH Momenshahi and CMH Ghatail during the period of June 2007 to December 2010. A total 25 patients of Acute Pancreatitis were studied retrospectively, evaluated and managed.Results: In this study 25 patients 19 (76%) were male (male : female = 3.17:1), age range 08 to 55 years, Mean age  38.92 years. Maximum number of the patients fall into fourth and fifth decades. All patients presented with abdominal pain, specially in upper abdomen. Laboratory test revealed leucocytosis and high serum and urinary amylase, positive findings in Ultrasonogram and CT scan found in all patients. Gall stone was the leading cause 14 (56%). 20 (80%) patient developed some form of complications. 24 patients were treated conservatively. Average hospital stay was 15.52 days. Serious regional and systemic involvement in Acute Pancreatitis causes multiple organ or system failure. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and effective treatment can significantly reduce the morality and morbidity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i3.20977 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 122-127
Giant Sublingual Epidermoid Cyst
Authors: Hoque SA , Islam MM , Rashid MA
Published: November 2014

Epidermoid and dermoid cysts represent less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts. The cysts can be defined as epidermoid when the lining presents only epithelium, dermoid cysts when skin adnexa are found, and teratoid cysts when other tissue such as muscle, cartilage, and bone are present. In this article, we present a case of sublingual epidermoid cyst with a submental component in a 15 years old girl. She presented with complaints of a mass in the oral cavity, difficulty in speaking, dysphagia, progressive snoring during sleep, occasional shortness of breath and cosmetic problems for last 6 months. A mass displacing the tongue superiorly and posteriorly was noticed in oral cavity and a firm diffuse swelling was also noticed in the submental area, extending down to the thyroid notch. The differential diagnosis includes infectious process, ranula, lymphatic malformation, tumours etc. FNAC revealed preoperative diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst . Under general anesthesia a submental horizontal incision was made and the mass was excised completely. Histopathological examination of the mass confirmed diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i3.20984 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 159-161
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma of Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Das A , Banik G , Hassan MH
Published: November 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i3.20987 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 174-175
Stepping up ELISpot: Multi-Level Analysis in FluoroSpot Assays
Authors: Janetzki Sylvia , Rueger Markus , Dillenbeck Tomas
Published: November 2014

ELISpot is one of the most commonly used immune monitoring assays, which allows the functional assessment of the immune system at the single cell level. With its outstanding sensitivity and ease of performance, the assay has recently advanced from the mere single function cell analysis to multifunctional analysis by implementing detection reagents that are labeled with fluorophores (FluoroSpot), allowing the detection of secretion patterns of two or more analytes in a single well. However, the automated evaluation of such assays presents various challenges for image analysis. Here we dissect the technical and methodological requirements for a reliable analysis of FluoroSpot assays, introduce important quality control measures and provide advice for proper interpretation of results obtained by automated imaging systems.
Ordinal Patterns, Entropy, and EEG
Authors: Keller Karsten , Unakafov Anton , Unakafova Valentina
Published: November 2014

In this paper we illustrate the potential of ordinal-patterns-based methods for analysis of real-world data and, especially, of electroencephalogram (EEG) data. We apply already known (empirical permutation entropy, ordinal pattern distributions) and new (empirical conditional entropy of ordinal patterns, robust to noise empirical permutation entropy) methods for measuring complexity, segmentation and classification of time series.
Generation and Nonlinear Dynamical Analyses of Fractional-Order Memristor-Based Lorenz Systems
Authors: Xi Huiling , Li Yuxia , Huang Xia
Published: November 2014

In this paper, four fractional-order memristor-based Lorenz systems with the flux-controlled memristor characterized by a monotone-increasing piecewise linear function, a quadratic nonlinearity, a smooth continuous cubic nonlinearity and a quartic nonlinearity are presented, respectively. The nonlinear dynamics are analyzed by using numerical simulation methods, including phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams, the largest Lyapunov exponent and power spectrum diagrams. Some interesting phenomena, such as inverse period-doubling bifurcation and intermittent chaos, are found to exist in the proposed systems.
Student Engagement and Blended Learning: Making the Assessment Connection
Authors: Vaughan Norman
Published: November 2014

There is an increased focus on student engagement and blended approaches to learning in higher education. This article demonstrates how collaborative learning applications and a blended approach to learning can be used to design and support assessment activities that increase levels of student engagement with course concepts, their peers, faculty and external experts, leading to increased student success and satisfaction.
A Generalized Approach for the Steady-State Analysis of Dual-Bridge Resonant Converters
Authors: Hu Gao-Yuan , Li Xiaodong , Luan Bo-Yue
Published: November 2014

In this paper, a dual-bridge DC/DC resonant converter with a generalized series and parallel resonant tank is analyzed. A general approach based on Fundamental Harmonic Approximation is used to find the universal steady-state solutions. The analysis results for particular resonant tank configurations are exemplified with several typical resonant tank configurations respectively. The corresponded soft-switching conditions are discussed too. To illustrate the usefulness of the generalized approach, a dual-bridge (LC)(L)-type resonant converter working in below resonance mode is designed based on the analysis results. Finally, simulation and experimental plots of the design example are included to evaluate the validity and the accuracy of the proposed analysis approach.
Health Risk Assessment of Inhalable Particulate Matter in Beijing Based on the Thermal Environment
Authors: Xu Lin-Yu , Yin Hao , Xie Xiao-Dong
Published: November 2014

Inhalable particulate matter (PM10) is a primary air pollutant closely related to public health, and an especially serious problem in urban areas. The urban heat island (UHI) effect has made the urban PM10 pollution situation more complex and severe. In this study, we established a health risk assessment system utilizing an epidemiological method taking the thermal environment effects into consideration. We utilized a remote sensing method to retrieve the PM10 concentration, UHI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). With the correlation between difference vegetation index (DVI) and PM10 concentration, we utilized the established model between PM10 and thermal environmental indicators to evaluate the PM10 health risks based on the epidemiological study. Additionally, with the regulation of UHI, NDVI and NDWI, we aimed at regulating the PM10 health risks and thermal environment simultaneously. This study attempted to accomplish concurrent thermal environment regulation and elimination of PM10 health risks through control of UHI intensity. The results indicate that urban Beijing has a higher PM10 health risk than rural areas; PM10 health risk based on the thermal environment is 1.145, which is similar to the health risk calculated (1.144) from the PM10 concentration inversion; according to the regulation results, regulation of UHI and NDVI is effective and helpful for mitigation of PM10 health risk in functional zones.
Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bioactive Glass Powder for the Improvement of Rotator Cuff Tendon-to-Bone Healing in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Wu Yang , Dong Yu , Chen Shiyi , Li Yunxia
Published: November 2014

To test the hypothesis that a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) plus bioactive glass (BG) mixture could shorten the tendon-bone healing process in rotator cuff tendon repair, thirty mature male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, Control, PRP, and PRP + BG. All groups underwent a surgical procedure to establish a rotator cuff tendon healing model. Mechanical examinations and histological assays were taken to verify the adhesion of the tendon-bone. Real-time PCR was adopted to analyze Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2). The maximum load-to-failure value in mechanical examinations was significantly higher in the PRP + BG group than that in the control group after six weeks (Control 38.73 ± 8.58, PRP 54.49 ± 8.72, PRP + BG 79.15 ± 7.62, p < 0.001), but it was not significantly different at 12 weeks (PRP 74.27 ± 7.74, PRP + BG 82.57 ± 6.63, p = 0.145). In histological assays, H&E (hematoxylin-eosin) staining showed that the interface between the tendon-bone integration was much sturdier in the PRP + BG group compared to the other two groups at each time point, and more ordered arranged tendon fibers can be seen at 12 weeks. At six weeks, the mRNA expression levels of BMP-2 in the PRP + BG group were higher than those in the other groups (PRP + BG 0.65 ± 0.11, PRP 2.284 ± 0.07, Control 0.12 ± 0.05, p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of BMP-2 among the three groups at 12 weeks (p = 0.922, 0.067, 0.056). BMP-2 levels in PRP and PRP+BG groups were significantly lower at 12 weeks compared to six weeks (p = 0.006, <0.001).We found that the PRP + BG mixture could enhance tendon-bone healing in rotator cuff tendon repair.
Novel Polyprenylated Phloroglucinols from Hypericum sampsonii
Authors: Chen Jih-Jung , Chen Hong-Jhang , Lin Yun-Lian
Published: November 2014

Hypericum sampsonii Hance (Clusiaceae) is a folk medicine used in Taiwan to treat blood stasis, relieve swelling, and as an anti-hepatitis drug. Two new polyprenylated phloroglucinol derivatives, hypersampsone R (1) and hypersampsone S (2), and a known prenylated benzophenone, hyperibone K (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of H. sampsonii. Their structures were determined by extensive 1D and 2D NMR, and MS spectral analyses.
Profiling of Concanavalin A-Binding Glycoproteins in Human Hepatic Stellate Cells Activated with Transforming Growth Factor-β1
Authors: Qin Yannan , Zhong Yaogang , Yang Ganglong , Ma Tianran , Jia Liyuan , Huang Chen , Li Zheng
Published: November 2014

Glycoproteins play important roles in maintaining normal cell functions depending on their glycosylations. Our previous study indicated that the abundance of glycoproteins recognized by concanavalin A (ConA) was increased in human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) following activation by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1); however, little is known about the ConA-binding glycoproteins (CBGs) of HSCs. In this study, we employed a targeted glycoproteomics approach using lectin-magnetic particle conjugate-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to compare CBG profiles between LX-2 HSCs with and without activation by TGF-β1, with the aim of discovering novel CBGs and determining their possible roles in activated HSCs. A total of 54 and 77 proteins were identified in the quiescent and activated LX-2 cells, respectively. Of the proteins identified, 14.3% were glycoproteins and 73.3% were novel potential glycoproteins. Molecules involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (e.g., calreticulin) and calcium signaling (e.g., 1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase β-2 [PLCB2]) were specifically identified in activated LX-2 cells. Additionally, PLCB2 expression was upregulated in the cytoplasm of the activated LX-2 cells, as well as in the hepatocytes and sinusoidal cells of liver cirrhosis tissues. In conclusion, the results of this study may aid future investigations to find new molecular mechanisms involved in HSC activation and antifibrotic therapeutic targets.
New Biscoumarin Derivatives: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Theoretical Study and Antibacterial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Qu Di , Li Jing , Yang Xiao-Hui , Zhang Zi-Dan , Luo Xiao-Xing , Li Ming-Kai , Li Xia
Published: November 2014

Five novel biscoumarins 1–5 were synthesized and characterized. In these compounds, two classical asymmetrical intramolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonds were used to stabilize the whole structures and the HB energies were performed with the density functional theory (DFT) [B3LYP/6-31G*] method. The five compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 29213), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA XJ 75302), vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (Mu50 ATCC 700699), and USA 300 (Los Angeles County clone, LAC) by the means of minimum inhibitory concentration and time-kill curves.
Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lectin from the Edible Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Tian Guoting , Geng Xueran , Zhao Yongchang , Ng Tzi , Zhao Liyan , Wang Hexiang
Published: November 2014

To date, only a few steroids have been isolated from the mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata which can be cultivated. In this paper, a novel lectin (SRL) with a molecular weight of 38 kDa, and a unique IKSGVYRIVSWQGALGPEAR N-terminal sequence was isolated from S. rugosoannulata, which represents the first protein isolated from the mushroom. The purification methods included (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, Q-Sepharose, and SP-Sepharose, and gel- filtration on Superdex-75. The lectin was adsorbed on all three types of ion exchangers and was purified more than 450-fold. The lectin was stable below 70 °C (with half of the activity preserved at 80 °C), and in the presence of NaOH and HCl solutions up to a concentration of 12.5 mM and 25 mM, respectively. The hemagglutinating activity of SRL was inhibited by inulin. Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions strongly reduced the hemagglutinating activity at concentrations from 1.25 mM to 10 mM. SRL exhibited anti-proliferative activity toward both hepatoma Hep G2 cells and leukemia L1210 cells, with an IC50 of 7 μM and 19 μM, respectively. The activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase could also be inhibited by SRL, with an IC50 of 10 μM.
Antibacterial and EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitory Activities of Polyhydroxylated Xanthones from Garcinia succifolia
Authors: Duangsrisai Susawat , Choowongkomon Kiattawee , Bessa Lucinda , Costa Paulo , Amat Nurmuhammat , Kijjoa Anake
Published: November 2014

Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the wood of Garcinia succifolia Kurz (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation of 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2), 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone (3), 1,5,6-trihydroxyxanthone (4), 1,6,7-trihydroxyxanthone (5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (6). All of the isolated xanthones were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against bacterial reference strains, two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 6633) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), and environmental drug-resistant isolates (S. aureus B1, Enteroccoccus faecalis W1, and E. coli G1), as well as for their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. Only 1,5,6-trihydroxy-(4), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-(5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthones (6) exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, however none was active against vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. Additionally, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) showed synergism with oxacillin, but not with ampicillin. On the other hand, only 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1) and 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) were found to exhibit the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 90.34 and 223 nM, respectively.
Long-Term Activity Recognition from Wristwatch Accelerometer Data
Authors: Garcia-Ceja Enrique , Brena Ramon , Carrasco-Jimenez Jose , Garrido Leonardo
Published: November 2014

With the development of wearable devices that have several embedded sensors, it is possible to collect data that can be analyzed in order to understand the user’s needs and provide personalized services. Examples of these types of devices are smartphones, fitness-bracelets, smartwatches, just to mention a few. In the last years, several works have used these devices to recognize simple activities like running, walking, sleeping, and other physical activities. There has also been research on recognizing complex activities like cooking, sporting, and taking medication, but these generally require the installation of external sensors that may become obtrusive to the user. In this work we used acceleration data from a wristwatch in order to identify long-term activities. We compare the use of Hidden Markov Models and Conditional Random Fields for the segmentation task. We also added prior knowledge into the models regarding the duration of the activities by coding them as constraints and sequence patterns were added in the form of feature functions. We also performed subclassing in order to deal with the problem of intra-class fragmentation, which arises when the same label is applied to activities that are conceptually the same but very different from the acceleration point of view.
Biomimetic Receptors and Sensors
Authors: Dickert Franz
Published: November 2014

In biomimetics, living systems are imitated to develop receptors for ions, molecules and bioparticles. The most pertinent idea is self-organization in analogy to evolution in nature, which created the key-lock principle. Today, modern science has been developing host-guest chemistry, a strategy of supramolecular chemistry for designing interactions of analytes with synthetic receptors. This can be realized, e.g., by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) or molecular imprinting. The strategies are used for solid phase extraction (SPE), but preferably in developing recognition layers of chemical sensors.
Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring Changes in Periodontal Ligaments and Gingival Crevicular Fluid
Authors: Camerlingo Carlo , D'Apuzzo Fabrizia , Grassia Vincenzo , Perillo Letizia , Lepore Maria
Published: November 2014

Micro-Raman Spectroscopy is an efficient method for analyzing biological specimens due to its sensitivity to subtle chemical and structural changes. The aim of this study was to use micro-Raman spectroscopy to analyze chemical and structural changes in periodontal ligament after orthodontic force application and in gingival crevicular fluid in presence of periodontal disease. The biopsy of periodontal ligament samples of premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons and the gingival crevicular fluid samples collected by using absorbent paper cones; were analyzed by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Changes of the secondary protein structure related to different times of orthodontic force application were reported; whereas an increase of carotene was revealed in patients affected by periodontal inflammation.
High Accuracy Localization of Long Term Evolution Based on a New Multiple Carrier Noise Model
Authors: Lee Wah , Hung Faan , Tsang Kim , Wu Chung , Chi Hao , Chui Kwok , Lau Wing
Published: November 2014

A high accuracy localization technique using Long Term Evolution (LTE) based on a new and accurate multiple carrier noise model has been developed. In the noise consideration, the LTE multiple carriers phase noise has been incorporated so that a new and accurate noise model is achieved. An experiment was performed to characterize the phase noise of carriers at 2 GHz. The developed noise model was incorporated into LTE localization analysis in a high traffic area in Hong Kong to evaluate the accuracy of localization. The evaluation and analysis reveals that the new localization method achieves an improvement of about 10% accuracy comparing to existing widely adopted schemes.
A Vulnerability Evaluation of the Phreatic Water in the Plain Area of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Based on the VDEAL Model
Authors: Jia Ruiliang , Zhou Jinlong , Zhou Yinzhu , Li Qiao , Gao Yexin
Published: November 2014

A VDEAL (V is the lithology of the vadose zone, D is the groundwater depth, E is the degree of groundwater exploitation, A is the aquifer characteristics and L is the land use pattern.) model, which is suitable for a vulnerability evaluation of the groundwater in arid inland areas, and that is based on the GOD (G is the groundwater status, O is overburden feature and D is groundwater depth) method and DRASTIC (D is the depth of water-table, R is the net recharge, A is the aquifer media, S is the soil media, T is the topography, I is the impact of the vadose and C is the conductivity of the aquifer.) model is proposed in this paper. Five indicators were selected by reference to the DRAV (D is the depth of water-table, R is the net recharge, A is the aquifer media and V is the impact of the vadose.) and VLDA (V is the lithology of the vadose zone , L is the land use pattern, D is the groundwater depth and A is the aquifer characteristics and.) models, namely, the lithology of the vadose zone (V), the groundwater depth (D), the degree of groundwater exploitation (E), the aquifer characteristics (A) and the land use pattern (L). According to monitoring data from 2003 and 2011, the variations of phreatic water quality in the plain area of the Junggar Basin were divided into three types: the water quality may have deteriorated, be unchanged or improved. Four groups of indicator weights were configured to calculate the vulnerability index using the VDEAL model. The changes of phreatic water quality were then compared against the vulnerability index. The normalized weights of V, D, E, A, and L were respectively 0.15, 0.25, 0.10, 0.10, and 0.40; this is according to the principle that the sampling sites of deteriorated water quality are generally distributed in a high-vulnerability region, and the sites of unchanged and improved water quality are distributed in middle vulnerability, low vulnerability and invulnerable regions. The evaluation results of phreatic water vulnerability in the plain area of the Junggar Basin based on the VDEAL model are as follows. The regions with vulnerability indexes of 2.0–4.0, 4.0–6.0, 6.0–8.0, and >8.0, respectively account for 2.2%, 61.0%, 35.9%, and 0.9% of the region. The regions with a higher vulnerability are mainly distributed in the farmlands and the sand and gravel regions with a phreatic water depth of <3 m. Moreover, the regions with a lower vulnerability are generally located in the non-irrigation regions with a sandy loam or silty fine sand and a phreatic water depth of >6 m. The phreatic water in these regions is deficient with regard to the infiltration of irrigation water and the recharge from precipitation.
Optimized Environmental Test Sequences to Ensure the Sustainability and Reliability of Marine Weapons
Authors: Yang Jung , Kim Yong
Published: November 2014

In recent years, there has been an increase in the types of marine weapons used in response to diverse hostile threats. However, because marine weapons are only tested under a single set of environmental conditions, failures due to different environmental stresses have been difficult to detect. Hence, this study proposes an environmental test sequence for multi-environment testing. The environmental test sequences for electrical units described in the international standard IEC 60068-1, and for military supply described in the United States national standard MIL-STD-810G were investigated to propose guidelines for the appropriate test sequences. This study demonstrated the need for tests in multiple environments by investigating marine weapon accidents, and evaluated which environmental stresses and test items have the largest impacts on marine weapons using a two-phase quality function deployment (QFD) analysis of operational scenarios, environmental stresses, and environmental test items. Integer programming was used to determine the most influential test items and the shortest environmental test time, allowing us to propose optimal test procedures. Based on our analysis, we developed optimal environmental test sequences that could be selected by a test designer.
Hydrologic Simulations Driven by Satellite Rainfall to Study the Hydroelectric Development Impacts on River Flow
Authors: Le Tuan , Al-Juaidi Farhan , Sharif Hatim
Published: November 2014

This study assesses the impact of hydroelectric dams on the discharge and total suspended solids (TSS) concentration in the Huong River basin in Vietnam. The analysis is based on hydrologic and sediment transport simulations by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model driven by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V6 rainfall data, from January 2003 through December 2010. An upstream sub-basin not affected by the hydroelectric dams was used for model calibration. The calibration results indicate good agreement between simulated and observed daily data (0.67 Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, 0.82 Pearson correlation coefficient). The calibrated model for discharge and TSS simulation is then applied on another major sub-basin and then the whole Huong River basin. The simulation results indicate that dam operation in 2010 decreased downstream discharge during the rainy season by about 35% and augmented it during the dry season by about 226%. The downstream TSS concentration has decreased due to the dam operation but the total sediment loading increased during the dry season and decreased during the rainy season. On average, the dam construction and operation affected the pattern of discharge more than that of the sediment loading. Results indicate that SWAT, driven by remotely sensed inputs, can reasonably simulate discharge and water quality in ungauged or poorly gauged river basins and can be very useful for water resources assessment and climate change impact studies in such basins.
Perméabilité de la frontière Mexique-Etats-Unis. La mobilité des consommateurs, des travailleurs et des entreprises. (La permeabilidad de la frontera mexico-estados unidos)
Authors: Revel-Mouroz Jean
Published: November 2014

Resumen. - El sistema económico fronterizo entre Mexico y los Estados Unidos, supone movilidades diferentes de los consumidores, de los trabajadores y de las empresas. Frente a la permeabilidad total de la frontera para los flujos de los consumidores, lo que llegó a una especialización de las actividades terciarias de las ciudades fronterizas, responden restricciones a la migración de trabajadores mexicanos a Estados Unidos, abriendose una crisis local del empleo. El Estado mexicano intentó resolver el problema con la apertura de la frontera a las empresas industrials extranjeras que trabajan para la exportación : las maquiladoras.
Militaire organisatie, bewapening en wapenbezit in het laatmiddeleeuwse Brugge
Authors: Stabel Peter
Published: November 2014

Peter Stabel, Military Organisation, Armament and Possession of Weapons in Late Medieval Bruges

The military organisation of the late medieval cities in the county of Flanders demonstrates how military power was still considered as crucial for their political position. The Bruges city militia was a flexible military instrument because of the coexistence of a guild organised militia, a permanent paramilitary force and, in times of conflict, of an efficient framework of a small group of professionals and specialised units. The readiness of the militia was, moreover, stimulated by the logistics of armament. This was based on a twofold system, as the corporative organisation and the notion of burgher solidarity included a well-established sense of military duty. In this system, burghers were responsible for their own arms (sword, battle axe, etc.) and armour (gauntlets, helmet, mail, plate armour). The typology and quality of this armament depended upon status and financial capability. For the crucial battlefield weapons, it was not the individual, but the city that was responsible (artillery, bows, pikes, shields, etc.). The cities maintained an impressive arsenal of the latter. The combination of potential rapid mobilisation, a flexible relationship between large units of infantry and specialized professional soldiers, as well as between personal and collective armament made the urban militia into a formidable fighting force, which was still able to occasionally counter the rising princely military power.
The Limits of the Transnational
Authors: Goddeeris Idesbald
Published: November 2014

De limieten van het transnationale

Deze inleiding bespreekt de plaats van transnationaliteit in het huidige historisch onderzoek en de problemen die in dit volume worden aangekaart. Ze wil nieuw licht werpen op de transnationale reikwijdte van sociale bewegingen na 1968. Ten eerste benadrukt ze de rol van staten en regeringen in het ontstaan en de uitbouw van transnationale sociale bewegingen. Ten tweede toont ze dat er ook andere bewegingen dan linkse, nieuwe sociale bewegingen, transnationale contacten onderhielden, al waren er grote verschillen in karakter en intensiteit. Ten slotte nuanceert ze de impact van transnationaliteit. Recente bewegingen blijken veel minder transnationaal dan verwacht en bestaande transnationale contacten verhinderden soms de efficiëntie van de actie.
Solidarity without Borders? The Flemish Third World Solidarity Movement and Transnational Coalitions
Authors: Van De Poel Jan
Published: November 2014

Solidariteit zonder grenzen ? De Vlaamse solidariteitsbeweging met de derde wereld en transnationale coalities

De theorievorming rond sociale bewegingen erkent interorganisatorische netwerken als een belangrijke vereiste voor de vorming van transnationale sociale bewegingen. Het voorbeeld van de Vlaamse derdewereldbeweging plaatst die netwerk-naar-beweginghypothese in perspectief. Dit artikel illustreert dat top-down-en bottom-upbenaderingen van interorganisatorische netwerken elkaar niet uitsluiten maar beïnvloeden. In tweede instantie toont het op welke manieren nationale sociale bewegingsorganisaties in de Vlaamse derdewereldbeweging integreerden in transnationale netwerken sinds de jaren 1970. Deze netwerken waren niet zo ‘ transnationaal’ als ze leken en remden de vorming van transnationale sociale bewegingen af. Ten slotte introduceert dit artikel het concept van ‘ instrumentele coalities’ binnen een typologie van dergelijke interorganisatorische netwerken.
Bullfighting and Tourism
Authors: Cohen Erik
Published: November 2014

Bullfighting is introduced into tourism studies as the iconic example of a class of human–animal relations, involving agonistic animal contests initiated by humans. The article focuses on the most popular form of bullfighting, the corrida, at which a matador, fighting on
foot (rather than mounted) kills a bull in an arena in the presence of a mixed domestic and sometimes foreign public. It discusses the polysemic perceptions of the bullfight, its exaltation by its protagonists, and its growing condemnation by animal rights and welfare activists. It argues
that foreign tourism initially bolstered the expansion of bullfighting in Spain; but it is an ambivalent tourist attraction, of declining attractiveness in recent times. The article presents a comparison of bullfighting with another touristically ambivalent piercing event, the Chinese Vegetarian
Festival in Thailand, and with recreational hunting, with which it shares significant commonalities. It concludes by calling for a systematic study of the range of human-induced agonistic animal contests.
Intraspecific variation in gender strategies in Lycium (Solanaceae): Associations with ploidy and changes in floral form following the evolution of gender dimorphism
Authors: Blank Caitlin M. , Levin Rachel A. , Miller Jill S.
Published: November 2014

• Premise of the study: An association between polyploidy and gender dimorphism has been noted in several plant lineages. Whereas the majority of Lycium species are diploid and have hermaphroditic flowers in cosexual populations, gender dimorphism (gynodioecy, dioecy) has been shown to be uniformly associated with polyploidy in previous studies. Preliminary field observations suggested that some populations of Lycium carolinianum were dimorphic, providing a test of this association.

• Methods: We assessed sexual systems and cytotype variation (to infer ploidy) across 17 populations of L. carolinianum. Comparison of flowers in cosexual and dimorphic populations were used to infer changes in reproductive morphology associated with the evolution of gynodioecy.

• Key results: The majority of populations were cosexual in gender expression, but dimorphism was present in the Yucatán and in some populations in Hawaii. Populations varied in ploidy and were either diploid or tetraploid. Floral sexual dimorphism was present in all gynodioecious populations, though the magnitude differed and was cryptic in some cases. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that following the evolution of gynodioecy, flowers on hermaphrodites increased in size.

• Conclusions: Dimorphic sexual systems have likely evolved convergently in L. carolinianum. In contrast to previous studies, dimorphism is not perfectly associated with polyploidy. Although our sample from the Yucatán was both tetraploid and dimorphic, all populations in Hawaii were diploid regardless of sexual system. Ongoing phylogeographic and mating system studies will contribute to our understanding of reproductive evolution in this widespread, polymorphic species.
Development of polymorphic genic‐SSR markers by cDNA library sequencing in boxwood, Buxus spp. (Buxaceae)
Authors: Thammina Chandra S. , Olsen Richard T. , Malapi‐Wight Martha , Crouch Jo Anne , Pooler Margaret R.
Published: November 2014

• Premise of the study: Genic microsatellites or simple sequence repeat (genic‐SSR) markers were developed in boxwood (Buxus taxa) for genetic diversity analysis, identification of taxa, and to facilitate breeding.

• Methods and Results: cDNA libraries were developed from mRNA extracted from leaves of Buxus sempervirens ‘Vardar Valley’ and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq system. Approximately 11.9 million base pairs of sequence data were examined and 845 genic‐SSRs were identified, including 469 dinucleotide, 360 trinucleotide, seven tetranucleotide, one pentanucleotide, and eight hexanucleotide repeats. Primer pairs were designed for 71 selectively chosen genic‐SSRs containing trinucleotide repeat motifs and were used to amplify the corresponding loci in 18 diverse boxwood accessions. Twenty‐three primer pairs amplified polymorphic loci, with two to 10 alleles per locus.

• Conclusions: These novel polymorphic genic‐SSR markers will aid in evaluating genetic diversity of boxwood germplasm and allow verification of hybrids and cultivars for breeding programs.
MODELING NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM ENABLED BY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Chu Mei-Tai , Fardoei Sedigheh Rezaeian , Fallah Hasan , Ghazinoory Sepehr , Aliahmadi Alireza
Published: November 2014

The main objective of this paper is to explore the model of how knowledge management functions enables national innovation system. To achieve the objectives of the study, a conceptual framework is proposed and described, then the systemic analysis is undertaken. Path coefficient and t-value are also used to measure the relationships among chosen variables. A great number of sources are used to collect data, including questionnaires, interviews, observations, and literature review. The achievements of the study demonstrate 10 distinctive national innovation system performance dimensions and the relationship with knowledge management functions. The first layer includes explicit knowledge, while the second layer deals with tacit knowledge. Both of two layers link to a complete knowledge management functions and processes: explicit knowledge building, explicit knowledge gathering, explicit knowledge distributing, explicit knowledge reusing, tacit knowledge capturing, tacit knowledge sharing tacit knowledge disseminating, tacit knowledge innovating; whereas the third layer includes NIS enablers items or performance dimension of national innovation system: quality, effectiveness, quantity, codification, structure, efficiency, internalization, expertise, effectiveness.
DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS: FRAMEWORK IN THE MEASUREMENT OF SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Kocmanová Alena , Šimberová Iveta
Published: November 2014

The article is concerned with determination of environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) indicators of performance. The objective of carried-out empirical research is to determine ESG indicators as a key framework of the measurement of sustainable performance of a company in its Sustainable Reporting. On the basis of conducted empirical research, applying factor analysis, the environmental, social and corporate governance indicators for companies active in the processing industries CZ-NACE have been specified. The indicators were selected in a series of successive phases by a multi-factor analysis. The results of factor analysis indicated that the factors fall into three measurement categories: environmental (Investments, Emissions, Source Consumption, Waste), social (Society, Human Rights, Labour Practices and Decent Work, Product Responsibility), and corporate governance (Monitoring and Reporting, Corporate Governance Effectiveness, Corporate Governance Structure, Compliance). This article contributes to the effort to solve measurement of performance of the corporate sustainability and proposal to conceptual framework of ESG indicators of performance for the Sustainability Reporting of Czech companies operating in the processing industry.
ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF IMPLIED, REALIZED AND HISTORICAL VOLATILITY: EVIDENCE FROM NSE EQUITY INDEX OPTIONS
Authors: Padhi Puja , Shaikh Imlak
Published: November 2014

This study examines the information content of implied volatility, using the options of the underlying S&P CNX Nifty index. In this study, implied, historical and realized volatilities are calculated using non-overlapping monthly at-the-money samples. The study covers the period from introduction of options on the derivative segment of NSE, June 2001 to May 2011. The results reveal that call and put implied volatility of S&P CNX Nifty index option does contain information about future realized return volatility. This study accounts for the problem of error-in-variable and controls for it by using the instrumental variable technique. In the 2SLS estimation, the Hausman H-statistic shows that call implied volatility is measured with error. Hence, 2SLS coefficients are more consistent than the OLS estimates. Results of this study might prove to be helpful to the volatility traders in volatility forecasting and option pricing.
ANALYTICAL NETWORK PROCESS BASED ON BOCR ANALYSIS AS AN APPROACH FOR DESIGNING A FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT POLICY
Authors: Šimelytė Agnė , Peleckis Kęstutis , Korsakienė Renata
Published: November 2014

Foreign direct investment is significantly important for the emerging market countries or countries in transition. Scientific literature provides plenty of evidence that FDI may have both negative and positive influence on economic growth. However, research proves that just specific type of FDI may bring benefit to the host country. Thus, a targeted FDI policy is essential for directing foreign capital into problematic business areas or regions. The goal of the article is to propose a complex targeted FDI policy, the employment of which would give benefits to the host country and achieve its strategic goals. Benefit-opportunities-costs-risks analysis and analytic network process method are used for the empirical research. Final results reveal that Lithuania, attracting FDI into research and development area, gains great benefits and exploits opportunities. At the same time, the highest costs might be generated while implementing a FDI policy in this area. A FDI policy towards service sectors would cause the least amount of risks. These results are significant for academics as the basis for further research, and decisions-makers as guidance for the development of the national FDI policy.
Le numérique, vers la fin de l'énigme du sexuel ?
Authors: Tisseron Serge
Published: November 2014

L’omniprésence des images hypersexuées et violentes sur les écrans incite les enfants à utiliser le clivage comme mécanisme de défense privilégié plutôt que le refoulement. Sans minimiser les dangers de la surexposition de soi, il s’avère que les adolescents peuvent utiliser les nouvelles technologies pour en faire un nouvel instrument de voilement et dévoilement de soi. Ils réintroduisent ainsi la dimension imaginaire et expérimentent une nouvelle façon de construire la relation à soi et à l’autre. Le désir d’extimité (complémentaire du désir d’intimité) est au cœur de cette quête relationnelle. À terme, l’énigme de l’identité pourrait se substituer à celle de l’identité sexuelle.
Les enfants aux comportements sexuels problématiques à l'épreuve du silence institutionnel
Authors: Bernard Alexandra , Cuynet Patrice
Published: November 2014

La manifestation de comportements sexuels problématiques d’enfants n’est pas rare dans les institutions médico-sociales. Ces passages à l’acte font bien souvent l’objet d’un silence et d’une perte des capacités d’élaboration du groupe institutionnel révélateur du recours au mécanisme de censure institutionnelle (en référence au concept de censure familiale, Aubertel, 2007). Quel sens et causalité psychique peut-on donner à ce mouvement psychique groupal ? Dans cet article, les auteurs montrent ce qui se rejoue sur la scène institutionnelle en miroir de la problématique familiale, et qui contribue à la mise à mal de l’institution dans son rôle thérapeutique.
La psyché mutilée dans les institutions « hypermodernes »
Authors: Condamin Christine , Spoljar Philippe
Published: November 2014

Cet article propose une réflexion sur les transformations contemporaines des institutions, sous l’égide de l’hypermodernité, régulées par les lois dites « de gouvernance » (2002, 2005, 2007) : celles-ci prônent le recours à l’agir objectivable, selon le modèle cognitivo-comportemental, mettant au premier plan des objectifs économiques et des restrictions budgétaires. Elles amènent la destruction des pratiques cliniques qui se cumule parfois avec la perte des figures tutélaires, affectant les processus de transmission (R. Kaës, J.-P. Pinel, E. Enriquez). L’exemple clinique d’une MECS accueillant une vingtaine d’enfants placés est présenté, amenant son histoire, la crise qui a bouleversé ses modes de fonctionnement et la souffrance psychique causées aux professionnels et aux enfants par cette modification profonde des valeurs.
Le statut coopératif : un stabilisateur garant de l'entreprise comme institution
Authors: Chevallier Marius
Published: November 2014

Les auteurs institutionnalistes développent une conception de l’entreprise comme institution qui a sa propre vie, irréductible à ses composantes : en particulier ils mettent en avant le rôle de la stabilité, entendue comme capacité d’un état à se maintenir durablement dans le temps, dans le fonctionnement des entreprises. Or les coopératives sont structurées par des caractéristiques qui renforcent la défense de l’entreprise comme institution par opposition à la conception de l’entreprise comme réseau de contrats : cette structure confère aux entreprises qui adoptent le statut coopératif une plus grande stabilité via un rythme des prises de décision tempéré et une stabilité de l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Une rencontre approfondie entre le monde coopératif et la littérature sur l’entreprise comme institution semble ainsi prometteuse.
Champ et habitus économiques dans le Dauphiné préindustriel au xviii e siècle
Authors: Deschanel Boris
Published: November 2014

Pierre Bourdieu a développé une réflexion sur la relation entre capitalisme et précapitalisme qui analyse le champ et l’habitus économique comme les résultats d’un processus historique. Nous proposons de nous interroger sur cette évolution, à partir de l’observation des milieux d’affaires dauphinois au xviii e  siècle. Nous étudierons le rapport entre les commerçants et les réglementations de l’État monarchique, pour tenter de montrer comment de nouvelles structures se sont mises en place, qui ont abouti à une autonomie des activités économiques.
Oikonomia , entre champ économique, champ politique et champ philosophique en Grèce ancienne
Authors: Pébarthe Christophe
Published: November 2014

Dans la sociologie de Pierre Bourdieu, l’économie de marché est associée à l’existence d’un champ économique, dans lequel règne l’intéressement, distinct d’autres champs, le champ philosophique notamment, qui ont pour loi le désintéressement. Or, si la philosophie apparaît au v e  siècle av. J.-C. avec Socrate et Platon, Pierre Bourdieu ne conçoit l’autonomisation du champ économique qu’au xviii e  siècle. Une lecture renouvelée de l’ Économique de Xénophon (première moitié du iv e  siècle av. J.-C.), menée en inscrivant ce dernier dans le champ intellectuel de son temps, permet d’envisager autrement la division du travail social et de montrer que la société athénienne ancienne est une société différenciée.
L'alternance au risque de la sur-sélectivité
Authors: Sarfati François
Published: November 2014

À partir d’une enquête quantitative réalisée sur des fichiers administratifs, d’observations d’entretiens de recrutement et d’entretiens semi-directifs, l’article rend compte du processus de recrutement dans des M2 en alternance, en suivant chronologiquement son déroulement. Nous cherchons d’abord à comprendre ce qui permet la sélection. Nous nous attachons ensuite à montrer de quelle manière et sur quels critères s’opère cette sélection. Nous montrons alors que le canal de recrutement constitué par l’alternance a tendance à développer la sélectivité.
La méthode de recrutement par simulation de Pôle Emploi : un « produit » à placer ?
Authors: Pillon Jean-Marie
Published: November 2014

La méthode de recrutement par simulation de Pôle Emploi consiste à sélectionner des candidats pour le compte des entreprises au moyen d’exercices pratiques simulant les contraintes du poste de travail. L’évaluation des aptitudes vise à s’affranchir du poids du CV et de l’expérience jugés arbitraires. En analysant les configurations socio-économiques au cœur desquelles opère cette sélection, l’article montre que les formes d’évaluation des intermédiaires du marché du travail peuvent conduire à réimporter les critères traditionnels de sélection au sein d’épreuves conçues pour s’en démarquer.