bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human resource reporting: Implications for corporate governance
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn , Xu Tracy
Published: March 2021

The major research question of this study is how boards of directors can monitor human resource reporting, especially with emerging reporting requirements from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for all domestic and foreign public companies listed on U.S. stock exchanges. Boards can develop advising and monitoring practices to help their companies meet the SEC’s human capital reporting requirements, as shown by the following topics discussed and analyzed in this paper: criticisms of the modernization of Regulation S-K by using principle-based versus rules-based disclosures; a way forward on the modernization of Regulation S-K; sustainability accounting standards; human resource accounting; board responsibility for white-collar crime risk; and collegiality conundrums. We find that a possible way forward in modernizing human capital reporting would be to combine a rules-based approach with a principles-based approach. We recommend boards to closely follow the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals and create opportunities to steer their companies towards a sustainable future. We also research the newly developed accounting standards to address human resource risks and promote sustainable human capital reporting. In addition, we identify the strategies for boards to monitor the risk of white-collar crime and highlight the balance between collegiality and effectiveness in the boardroom. Future research could use case studies and interviews of company boards to investigate how they have developed strategies and procedures to facilitate human resource management and reporting
Características sociodemográficas e histopatológicas en pacientes con cáncer gástrico en una población con alto riesgo en Colombia
Authors: Portillo Miño Jose Darío , Araujo Prado Laura María , Melo Yepes Jorge Mauricio , Carlosama Rosero Yeison Harvey
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: describir las características sociodemográficas e histopatológicas en pacientes con diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma gástrico en la Clínica Oncológica Aurora, durante el período 2014-2017 en la ciudad de Pasto, Colombia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo en una cohorte de 54 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer gástrico sometidos a gastrectomía durante los años 2014 a 2017. La información sociodemográfica se obtuvo a través de la historia clínica. El sistema de Sydney y la clasificación de Lauren se usaron para determinar las características histopatológicas. Resultados: la mayoría de los tumores se presentó en hombres mayores de 50 años (relación hombre mujer de 2,6:1). La ubicación predominante fue la región antropilórica. El histotipo tumoral más frecuente fue el intestinal (80 %). La prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori en pacientes fue del 24,07 % y fue mayor en el histotipo intestinal. La metaplasia intestinal fue la lesión premaligna más prevalente en todos los histotipos tumorales. Conclusiones: en el presente estudio se encontró que la edad mayor a 50 años y el sexo masculino son condiciones asociadas con el cáncer gástrico; hallazgo ya demostrado en estudios previos. Es perentorio avanzar en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de salud pública, control de la infección por H. pylori y tamizaje temprano de lesiones premalignas, pues son factores determinantes en la carcinogénesis de pacientes con carcinomas no cardiales e histotipos intestinales ubicados en la región antrocorporal. Aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los histotipos tumorales, el adenocarcinoma de tipo intestinal ubicado en la región antropilórica fue el diagnóstico más frecuente.
Intranasal foreign bodies: A 10-year analysis of a large cohort, in a tertiary medical center
Authors: Zavdy Ofir , Vainer Igor , London Nataly , Menzely Tomer , Hod Roy , Raveh Eyal , Gilony Dror
Published: March 2021

Objective: To describe the occurrence, clinical presentation and
management, of pediatric nasal foreign bodies, and to assess various
risk factors for complications. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a
computerized patient directory of 562 children admitted to the emergency
department (ED) in a tertiary pediatric hospital during a 10-year period
(Jan 2010-Dec 2019), with a witnessed NFB upon physical examination.
Results: Upon admittance to the ED, most of the children (82%) were
asymptomatic. Among the symptomatic children (18%), the primary
symptoms were nasal discharge (10%), epistaxis (8%) and pain (4%).
Younger children (under age 4 years) were more likely to insert organic
materials, compared to older children. Younger children were also
admitted sooner to the ED and were more likely to present with nasal
discharge. The overall complication rate was 5%. None of the children
had aspirated the NFB. Complications included infection (2%), necrosis
(0.7%), septal perforation (0.5%), deep mucosal laceration (1.5%) and
loss of NFB (1.9%). Significantly higher rates of symptoms and
complications were associated with button batteries. Increased risk for
complications were observed according to NFB-type, multiple attempts to
remove NFB, posterior insertion of NFB and left-side insertion.
Conclusions: NFB in children are common. Mostly, patients are
asymptomatic, therefore a high index of suspicion is required, for quick
diagnosis and safe removal, without complications.
Microwave ablation as an efficient therapy for primary hyperparathyroidism: Efficacy and predictors of treatment success
Authors: Ertürk Mehmet Sercan , Cekic Bulent , Sarı Isilay , Pamuk Baris
Published: March 2021

Background:Microwave ablation has a great potential to treat primary
hyperparathyroidism; but its predictors and the therapeutic efficiency
are not clear enough and so the more investigations are required.
Aim:The purpose of this study was to explore safety and predictors of
the MWA efficacy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)
induced by parathyroid adenoma. Methods: Patients with PHPT treated with
MWA were included in this study. Depending on the treatment efficacy,
patients divided into two groups as response and no response group.
Possible predictors as age, gender, Parathyroid adenoma volume, baseline
levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), alkaline phosphate (ALP),
vitamin D and location of parathyroid adenoma and the instrumental
parameters which are microwave ablation time and power were compared
between two groups. The resulting possible predictors the MWA efficacy
exhibiting statistically significant difference was investigated by
using logistic regression. Results: Thirty-two patients participated
into predictor analysis for MWA efficacy. Comparison of the values of
response and no response groups in terms possible predictors revealed
only the baseline Ca level as the potential predictor of the efficacy of
MWA (P <0.05). Further logistic regression results showed the
baseline Ca level as insignificant to construct a mathematical model to
predict the efficacy of MWA (P = 0.071). Furthermore, a significant
difference in time differences was observed after 1 day of the MWA
treatments in the levels of Ca, P, and PHT except than ALP, those of
which was 30 days later (P <0.001). Later on, the difference
stayed steady until the end of follow up. Conclusions:MWA is an
effective and safe therapy for in patients with PHPT caused by
parathyroid adenoma. Baseline Ca level has been found as potential but
detailed investigations revealed none of the explored factors as
predictive for the assessed patients. Keywords:Primary
hyperparathyroidism, microwave ablation, predictor, efficacy
Other Transaction Authority: Saint or Sinner for Defense Acquisition?
Authors: Weinig William
Published: March 2021

The Department of Defense (DoD) has a powerful tool at its disposal to reach innovative, nontraditional defense contractors and execute rapid, flexible business arrangements with industry. Legislation refers to this tool as Other Transaction Authority. One type of agreement made under this authority is Other Transactions (OT) for prototype projects. These agreements are powerful because they sidestep the vast majority of existing laws and regulations dictating how the government goes about spending money. They carry an absolute minimum level of restrictions and place significant discretion into the hands of the government when spending taxpayer funds. Shall we hail OTs as a savior to a broken acquisition system, or shall we decry them as sinners circumventing a sound set of needed policies and procedures? This article provides an overview and history of OTs as well as examines whether to advocate expansion or seek curtailment of this powerful business instrument.
Collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm in cloud computing environment
Authors: Tian Pei
Published: March 2021

With the advent of the era of cloud computing, the amount of application data increases dramatically, and personalized recommendation technology becomes more and more important. This paper mainly studies the collaborative filtering detection algorithm in the cloud computing environment. The algorithm migrates the collaborative filtering detection technology and applies it to the cloud computing environment. It shortens the recommendation time by using the advantages of clustering. A new recommendation algorithm can improve the accuracy of recommendation, and proposes a parallel collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on project. The algorithm is designed with programming model The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has shorter running time and better scalability than the existing parallel algorithm.
Image target detection algorithm compression and pruning based on neural network
Authors: Sun Yan , Yan Zheping
Published: March 2021

The main purpose of target detection is to identify and locate targets from still images or video sequences. It is one of the key tasks in the field of computer vision. With the continuous breakthrough of deep machine learning technology, especially the convolutional neural network model shows strong Ability to extract image feature in the field of digital image processing. Although the model research of target detection based on convolutional neural network is developing rapidly, but there are still some problems in practical applications. For example, a large number of parameters requires high storage and computational costs in detected model. Therefore, this paper optimizes and compresses some algorithms by using early image detection algorithms and image detection algorithms based on convolutional neural networks. After training and learning, there will appear forward propagation mode in the application of CNN network model, providing the model for image feature extraction, integration processing and feature mapping. The use of back propagation makes the CNN network model have the ability to optimize learning and compressed algorithm. Then research discuss the Faster-RCNN algorithm and the YOLO algorithm. Aiming at the problem of the candidate frame is not significant which extracted in the Faster- RCNN algorithm, a target detection model based on the Significant area recommendation network is proposed. The weight of the feature map is calculated by the model, which enhances the saliency of the feature and reduces the background interference. Experiments show that the image detection algorithm based on compressed neural network image has certain feasibility.
n-3 Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: An Individual Participant-Level Pooling Project of 20 Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Qian Frank , Korat Andres V Ardisson , Imamura Fumiaki , Marklund Matti , Tintle Nathan , Virtanen Jyrki K , Zhou Xia , Bassett Julie K , Lai Heidi , Hirakawa Yoichiro , Chien Kuo-Liong , Wood Alexis C , Lankinen Maria , Murphy Rachel A , Samieri Cecilia , Pertiwi Kamalita , Mello Vanessa D de , Guan Weihua , Forouhi Nita G , Wareham Nick , Consortium InterAct , Hu Frank B , Riserus Ulf , Lind Lars , Harris William S , Shadyab Aladdin H , Robinson Jennifer G , Steffen Lyn M , Hodge Allison , Giles Graham G , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Uusitupa Matti , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Lindström Jaana , Laakso Markku , Siscovick David S , Helmer Catherine , Geleijnse Johanna M , Wu Jason HY , Fretts Amanda , Lemaitre Rozenn N , Micha Renata , Mozaffarian Dariush , Sun Qi , (FORCE) the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium
Published: March 2021

Objective Prospective associations
between omega-3 fatty acid biomarkers and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk are not
consistent in individual studies. We aimed to summarize prospective associations
between biomarkers of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic
acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and T2D risk through an individual
participant-level pooled analysis.

Research
Design and Methods Our analysis incorporated data from a
global consortium of 20 prospective studies from 14 countries. We included 65,147 participants
who had blood measurements of ALA, EPA, DPA, or DHA and were free of diabetes
at baseline.

De novo
harmonized analyses were performed in each cohort following a pre-specified
protocol and cohort-specific associations were pooled using inverse
variance-weighted meta-analysis.

Results A total of 16,693 incident T2D
cases were identified during
follow-up (median follow-up ranging from 2.5 to 21.2 years). In pooled
multivariable analysis, per inter-quintile range (difference between the 90th
and 10th percentiles for each fatty acid), EPA, DPA, DHA, and their
sum were associated with lower T2D incidence, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) of 0.92 (0.87, 0.96), 0.79 (0.73, 0.85), 0.82 (0.76,
0.89) and 0.81 (0.75, 0.88), respectively (all P<0.001). ALA was not associated with T2D, 0.97 (0.92, 1.02) per
inter-quintile range. Associations were robust across pre-specified subgroups as
well as in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions Higher
circulating biomarkers of seafood-derived omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA,
DPA, DHA, and their sum were associated with lower risk of T2D in a global
consortium of prospective studies. The
biomarker of plant-derived ALA was not significantly associated with T2D risk.
Thermal laser evaporation of elements from across the periodic table
Authors: Smart Thomas J. , Mannhart Jochen , Braun Wolfgang
Published: March 2021

The authors propose and demonstrate that thermal laser evaporation can be applied to all solid, nonradioactive elements in the periodic table. By depositing thin films, they achieve growth rates exceeding 1 Å/s with output laser powers less than 500 W using identical beam parameters for many different elements. The source temperature is found to vary linearly with the laser power within the examined power range. High growth rates are possible using free-standing sources for most of the elements tested, eliminating the need for crucibles.
Modelo bifactorial de equilibrio moral emocional en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Robles Francia Víctor Hugo
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar y confirmar el ajuste de un modelo bifactorial de equilibrio moral emocional (EME) considerando la culpa y el orgullo como factores determinantes. Para la validez del modelo, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) con 177 participantes, que se ratificó con un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) con 300 personas. En el AFE se encontró una estructura de dos factores correspondientes a la culpa y el orgullo. El AFC validó el ajuste del modelo, el constructo de EME, con dos variables latentes, la culpa y el orgullo, y un total de 12 variables observables.
Peculiarities of 13C NMR Spectra of Benzoylformic Acid and its Esters. 1. Benzoyl Fragment
Authors:   Ukrainian Academy of Printing, Lviv, Ukraine, Mizyuk Volodymyr , Shibanov Volodymyr ,   Ukrainian Academy of Printing, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

Peculiarities of 13C NMR spectra of benzoyl fragment of benzoylformic acid and its esters have been investigated and characteristic values of a chemical shift of all five types of fragment atom have been examined. Similar parameters of other benzoyl-containing compounds by general formula Bz–X (X = H, NR2, OR, SR, Cl, Br), as well as those of compounds Bz–C (L)(M)(N) have been compared. It has been shown that spectral peculiarities of a benzoylformates phenyl fragment are defined by the carbonyl, not by the carbalkoxyl group.
Chemical Oxidative Synthesis and Characteristion of Organica acid Doped Soluble Conducting Poly(o-anisidine)
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Nowrosjee Wadia College, Pune-411001, India, Chabukswar Vasant , Sable Ganesh ,   Department of Chemistry, Nowrosjee Wadia College, Pune-411001, India
Published: March 2021

Synthesis of poly(o-anisidine) with and without acrylic acid doping is carried out by chemical oxidative polymerization method. This is a new polymerization method for the direct synthesis of the emeraldine salt of poly(o-anisidine), i.e. it is directly soluble in known organic solvent such as m-cresol, N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), DMSO, DMF, etc. without the need for a conversion of salt phase to base form. The reaction is unique since it eliminates the post processing step which involves neutralization of emeraldine salt to form emeraldine base and again reprotonating the base with a secondary protonic acid. The acrylic acid doped polymer prepared using tartaric acid is comparatively more soluble in m-cresol and NMP than the poly(o-anisidine) prepared without acrylic acid. UV-visible spectra for acrylic acid doped poly(o-anisidine) reveals the coil conformation at higher wavelength ~800–1000 nm along with sharp peak ~440 nm, which may be attributed to secondary doping due to extended coil conformation. Whereas in the presence of NMP as a solvent, the extended tail at higher wavelength disappears while a sharp peak (~630 nm) is observed representing the polymer insulting emeraldine base form. This fact confirms the effect of the solvent on the polymer properties. This is further manifested by the FT-IR spectral studies. Broad and intense band at ~3300–3200cm–1 and 1100–1200 cm–1 in acrylic acid doped polymer accounts for higher degree of doping. The conductivity of acrylic acid doped poly(o-anisidine) is greater than poly(o-anisidine) without acrylic acid. The change in resistance of tartaric acid doped poly(o-anisidine) prepared in acrylic acid media upon its exposure to ammonia vapor suggests the applicability of these polymeric materials for ammonia.
Preparation and properties of (epoxy resin)/(nylon 6,6 oligomer) blends
Authors:   Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Apartado Postal 1-1010 Queretaro, 76001 Queretaro, Mexico, Bragg Jason , Alvarez-Castillo Alberto ,   Instituto Tecnologico de Zacatepec, Lab. de Materiales “Dr. Fernando Alba Andrade”, Calzada Tecnologico No. 2 7, A.P. 45, Zacatepec, Morelos, C.P. 62780 Mexico, Trejo-Duran Monica ,   Universidad de Guanajuato, FIMEE, Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico, Castano Victor ,   Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Apartado Postal 1-1010 Queretaro, 76001 Queretaro, Mexico
Published: March 2021

A series of polymer alloys based on different compositions of Nylon 6,6 oligomers (NYL66Oґs) and epoxy resin have been prepared. The oligomer was extracted from the waste residues of the industrial production of nylon 6,6 and was dissolved in the epoxy resin. The mixture was crosslinked at 333 K using dodecenylsuccinic anhydre (DDSA) as a curing agent. The tensile strength and flexural modulus were found to increase with the addition of NYLO66O up to a maximum value of 2 wt % oligomer content. Both, the tensile and impact strength show a maximum increase due to the addition of 35 wt % NYLO66O. The compressive strength testing revealed a considerable increase, up to 87 %, over that of the neat epoxy with the addition of 1 wt % NYLO66O. An interesting relationship between the mechanical properties and the developed morphology of the blends has been found.
Hydrogels Penetration and Sorption Properties in the Substances Release Controlled Processes
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Skorokhoda Volodymyr , Semenyuk Nataliya ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Melnyk Joury ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Suberlyak Oleg ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The crosslinked copolymers of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate with polyvinylpyrrolidone as granules and membranes have been synthesized and their penetration and sorption-desorption properties have been investigated. The model of mass-transfer from the solid soluble surface through the hydrogel shell has been suggested. The developed materials are able to create encapsulated and granular polymer forms of drugs prolonged release.
Mass Exchange Dynamics During the Second Filtration Drying Period
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Atamanyuk Volodymyr , Gumnytskyi Yaroslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The work is dedicated to theoretical and experimental investigations of kinetics and dynamics of filtration drying of capillary and pore materials, and mineral granulated fertilizers, in particular. The proposed physical model of a moist particle and the differential system of equations which describes heat exchange in the second drying period enables to determine the transfer velocity of mass-exchange zone in a dispersion layer of the material during filtration drying.
Les règlements interdisant aux élèves de quitter le périmètre scolaire influencent-ils les comportements alimentaires des adolescents?
Authors: Patte Karen A. , Cole Adam G. , Qian Wei , Magier Megan , Vine Michelle , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: March 2021

Introduction

L’efficacité de la réglementation sur l’alimentation en milieu scolaire est susceptible d’être compromise par l’environnement alimentaire à proximité des écoles. Comme il est difficile de réglementer la vente au détail à l’extérieur, certains recommandent l’adoption de règlements interdisant aux élèves de quitter le périmètre scolaire durant la journée. Notre objectif consiste à examiner si ces règlements ont une influence sur les comportements alimentaires des élèves.

Méthodologie

Nous avons utilisé les données d’enquête recueillies auprès de 60 610 élèves de la 9e à la 12e année et auprès d’administrateurs de 134 écoles secondaires canadiennes qui ont participé à l’année 7 (2018-2019) du projet COMPASS. Nous avons appliqué des modèles de régression ordinale multiple pour déterminer si les règlements interdisant aux élèves de quitter le périmètre scolaire constituent un facteur prédictif des comportements alimentaires en semaine (0 à 5 jours), en contrôlant pour des covariables liées aux élèves (niveau scolaire, sexe, argent à dépenser, origine ethnique) et aux écoles (indice d’urbanisation, province, revenu médian des ménages du quartier, machines distributrices).

Résultats

Au total, 16 écoles ont indiqué avoir adopté un règlement interdisant aux élèves de quitter le périmètre scolaire. Par rapport aux élèves fréquentant une école les autorisant à quitter le périmètre scolaire, les élèves fréquentant une école dotée d’un règlement leur interdisant de quitter ce périmètre ont déclaré manger moins souvent au cours de la semaine des repas achetés dans un restaurant rapide ou un autre type de restaurant et boire moins souvent des boissons sucrées (boissons gazeuses, boissons pour sportifs et thés ou cafés sucrés), mais acheter plus souvent des collations dans les machines distributrices de l’école. Aucune différence significative n’a été observée en ce qui concerne la consommation de repas préparés à la maison ou par la cafétéria de l’école et la consommation de collations achetées à l’extérieur de l’école.

Conclusion

Les règlements interdisant aux élèves de quitter le périmètre scolaire peuvent contribuer à améliorer l’alimentation des adolescents, car ces derniers réduisent alors la consommation de boissons sucrées et de repas rapides à l’heure du dîner en semaine, mais ces élèves étant susceptibles de remplacer les aliments achetés à l’extérieur de l’école par des aliments achetés à l’école, cela souligne l’importance de créer des environnements alimentaires sains dans les écoles et d’encourager les élèves à apporter des lunchs préparés à la maison. D’autres études fondées sur des modèles longitudinaux expérimentaux doivent être menées pour déterminer l’incidence des règlements interdisant aux élèves de quitter le périmètre scolaire sur divers comportements et résultats en matière de santé.
修身、齊家與倫理
Authors: YU Kam Por
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.This review essay is confined to two issues in Professor Ni Peimin’s paper: (1) the relationship between self-cultivation and family-regulation; and (2) the difference between family-based ethics and lunli. First, it is argued that self-cultivation is a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for family regulation. Neither is family regulation a necessary condition for self-cultivation. Even with the emphasis on the role and importance of gongfu, self-cultivation is still not sufficient for family regulation. Second, it is argued that there is a big difference between family-based ethics and the Chinese concept of lunli, which is individual-centered and relation-based. The Chinese concept of lunli requires each individual to play his or her part, which can differ from person to person even within the family, rather than directing everyone to the same common goal, such as the well-being or harmony of the family.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 634 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
“互聯網+”時代患者隱私保護的倫理思考及對策
Authors: GENG Xi , TIAN Li , GUAN Xin
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本文分析“互聯網+”時代患者隱私保護所面臨的新威脅，對傳統的隱私保護技術、體制制度以及規範的有效性進行反思，尋求新技術應用與患者隱私保護的結合點。作者認為，對患者隱私的保護，不應該成為新技術應用的障礙，而是將二者有機地結合起來，形成良好的互動。文章就在信息時代提高信息意識、管理、技術三個層面提出具體的保護建議。“Information technology” refers to automated systems for storing, processing, and distributing information. In medical practice, this involves the use of computers and communication networks to collect and store medical information and data. Ethical guidelines for data protection and privacy have become critical issues in medical ethics in the age of the Internet and information technology. Both healthcare and IT professionals face questions of responsibility, accountability, and liability in handling private information and data.This paper discusses the tension between the problems in medical practice that may violate patients’ privacy and the effectiveness of data collection brought about by information systems. Although China has acknowledged the importance of privacy protection in past two decades, medical malpractice such as releasing patient’s medical history without informed consent or even selling medical data for commercial purpose still exists. Apart from the potential harms caused by releasing private information, there are moral issues with regard to informational inequality and discrimination. The guidelines suggested by the authors have three facets: ethical education around privacy protection, effective regulation, and responsive management of IT institutions to evaluate the effects of contemporary information systems and the Internet on the protection of individual privacy.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 222 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
中國同性婚姻合法化問題: 在名與實之間
Authors: TANG Jian
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.Professor Fang argues that we should clearly distinguish rights and goods to deal with the issue of same-sex marriage. In my opinion, rights are like names, whereas goods are like reality. Fang’s view sounds like a middle-way position. However, a decision on whether Chinese homosexuals should obtain the name of marriage should also consider China’s actual social reality, without simply copying modern Western theories.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 99 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
「知情同意」視角下人工智能用於醫療診斷的透明度問題
Authors: XU Hanhui
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.隨著人工智能技術在醫療診斷中得到了越來越廣泛的應用，對於其“不透明性”的擔心也日益加重。這種擔心來自人們對人工智能系統的工作機制尚不清楚。在我們還無法知道其内部工作原理的情況下，根據它的診斷對患者進行治療是否可行？本文嘗試從患者知情同意權的角度去論證，應用於醫療診斷的人工智能系統應該更加透明，以避免對患者造成可能的傷害。Since the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in medical diagnosis, ethical issues have emerged. One of these concerns is the "black box," which can only be seen in terms of inputs and outputs, with no way to understand the AI algorithm. This is problematic because patients, physicians, and even designers do not understand why or how a treatment recommendation is produced by AI technologies. In this paper, I argue that AI technologies should be explained on the grounds that patients have a right to informed consent.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 54 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
FAKTOR BIOTIK DAN ABIOTIK YANG MENDUKUNG KERAGAMAN TUMBUHAN PAKU(Pteridophyta) DI KAWASAN HUTAN GISTING PERMAI KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS LAMPUNG
Authors: NINGSIH SRI WAHYU , Achyani Achyani , Santoso Handoko
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Tumbuh suburnya  Pteridophyta  di Kawasan Hutan Gisting Permai Kecamatan Gisting Kabupaten  Tanggamus sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor biotik dan abiotik. Faktor biotik meliputi semua kehidupan makhluk hidup di bumi baik individu, populasi dan komunitas yang di dalamnya termasuk jumlah inang Pteridophyta yang banyak, sedangkan faktor abiotik   meliputi seluruh faktor-faktor non hidup dari suatu kondisi lingkungan seperti cahaya matahari, suhu, air, dan tanah, ketinggian.  Faktor-faktor abiotik ini tidak hanya menyediakan energi dan materi penting, tetapi juga mempunyai peranan dalam menentukan tumbuhan-tumbuhan dan hewan-hewan yang mampu berada disuatu tempat tertentu sesuai dengan habitatnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah berupa kajian  kualitatif. Artikel ini dikaji dengan menyatukn  referensi dari berbagai sumber diantaranya berasal dari jurnal, buku, arsip dokumen pekon Gisting Permai, dan internet. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan menggunakan berbagai referensi yang dikumpulkan sebanyak mungkin yang berkaitan dengn faktor biotik dan abiotik pertumbuhan tumbuhan paku.

 

Kata kunci: Biotik, Abiotik, Pteridophyta.

 

ABSTRACT: The growth of Pteridophyta in the Permai Gisting Forest Area, Gisting Sub-District Tanggamus Regency was strongly influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factors include all the life of living things on earth both individuals, populations and communities which include a large number of Pteridophyta hosts, while abiotic factors include all non-living factors of an environmental condition such as sunlight, temperature, water, and soil, height. These abiotic factors not only provide important energy and material, but also had a role in determining plants and animals that which are able to be in a certain place according to their habitat. The method used in this study is a qualitative study. This article was reviewed by citing references from various sources including journals, books, Gisting Permai archive documents, and the internet. The data collection was obtained by using as many references as possible related to biotic and abiotic factors for fern growth.

 

 

Key word: biotic, abiotic, Pteridophyta.
Exploring the functional area approach in EU urban strategies
Authors: Fioretti Carlotta , Pertoldi Martina
Published: March 2021

A vast literature has investigated processes of spatial reconfiguration, contributing to the emergence of a ‘new urban question’ that not only reframes traditional urban issues but also challenges our understanding of what cities are today. Be that as it may, the ‘European city model’ still remains current, particularly with regards to the institutional role of cities as they are increasingly considered to be relevant policy actors. This urban paradox gives new emphasis to the urban regional scale and urgently calls for the two dimensions to be connected both in terms of territorial dynamics and policy formulation. This paper addresses the topic by focusing on the functional area approach promoted by the European Union regional policy discourse, and by discussing how it shapes and legitimates new spatial configurations, with implications for urban analysis and policy approaches. The paper is based on the analysis of a database which gathers nearly 1000 strategies for Sustainable Urban Development funded by the EU between 2014-2020, and features a significant number of functional areas. The analysis reveals that the functional area approach does not only apply to metropolitan areas, big cities, or Functional Urban Areas, but can also be used for different types of territories, beyond metropolitan areas. It also underscores the need for more extensive research on what spatialities and territorial arrangements emerge from this process.
Design of Laboratory Test Equipment for Testing the Hydrostatic Transducers
Authors: Nosian Jozef , Hujo Ľubomír , Zastempowski Marcin , Janoušková Romana
Published: March 2021

The article presented describes a new design of measuring chains in laboratory test equipment, which are used for testing the hydrostatic transducers and hydraulic fluids. Laboratory test equipment allows simultaneous observation of parameters of hydrostatic transducers and hydraulic fluids by simulating the operating conditions under laboratory conditions, what can significantly reduce the testing time and economic costs. The new design functionality was verified via measurement of the basic parameters of hydrostatic transducers and changing the load of hydraulic fluids. Based on the results measured, the flow efficiency of tested hydrostatic transducer UD-25R was calculated and compared with the transducer parameters specified by the manufacturer using different types of operating hydraulic fluids. Verification measurements of the unloaded hydrostatic transducer were performed at various rotation speeds: Q
250 = 5.694 dm3·rpm at speed of n
1 = 250 rpm; Q
500 = 12.286 dm3·rpm at speed of n
2 = 500 rpm; Q
750 = 18.747 dm3·rpm at speed of n
3 = 750 rpm. Based on the hydrostatic transducer flow rate, the UD-25R transducer flow efficiency was determined: at n
1 = 250 rpm, the flow efficiency was η250 = 0.8946; at n
2 = 500 rpm, the efficiency was η500 = 0.9651; at n
3 = 750 rpm, the flow efficiency was η750 = 0.9812.
Degree tolerant coloring of graph
Authors: Kok Johan
Published: March 2021

This paper initiates a study on a new coloring regime which sets conditions in respect of the degrees deg(v) and deg(u) where, v, u ∈ V(G) and vu ∈ E(G). This new coloring regime is called, ”degree tolerant coloring”. The degree tolerant chromatic number is defined. A number of interesting introductory results are presented. Amongst others, new Nordhaus-Gaddum type bounds are provided.
Enhanced type inference for binding-time analysis
Authors: Szokoli Mátyás , Kiss Attila
Published: March 2021

In this paper we will be taking a look at type inference and its uses for binding-time analysis, dynamic typing and better error messages. We will propose a new binding-time analysis algorithm ℬ, which is a modification of an already existing algorithm by Gomard [4], and discuss the speed difference.
UPWARD FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER AROUND TWO HEATED CIRCULAR CYLINDERS IN SQUARE DUCT UNDER AIDING THERMAL BUOYANCY
Authors: Laidoudi H.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a numerical investigation of mixed convection heat transfer around a pair of identical circular cylinders placed in side-by-side arrangement inside a square cavity of single inlet and outlet ports. The investigation provided the analysis of gradual effect of aiding thermal buoyancy on upward flow around cylinders and its effect on heat transfer rate. For that purpose, the governing equations involving continuity, momentum and energy are solved using the commercial code ANSYS-CFX. The distance between cylinders is fixed with half-length of cavity. The simulation is assumed to be in laminar, steady, incompressible flow within range of following conditions: Re = 1 to 40, Ri = 0 to 1 at Pr = 0.71. The main obtained results are shown in the form of streamline and isotherm contours in order to interpret the physical phenomena of flow and heat transfer. The average Nusselt number is also computed and presented. It was found that increase in Reynolds number and/or Richardson number increases the heat transfer. Also, aiding thermal buoyancy creates new form of counter-rotating zones between cylinders.
ФІЛОСОФСЬКІ ПОГЛЯДИ НА ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВИХОВАННЯ ПАТРІОТИЧНОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: ДОБІЖА Василь , КОЛЕСНИК Олександр
Published: March 2021

У статті проаналізовано значення філософії в контексті цивільно-патріотичного і духовно-морального виховання студентської молоді. У дослідженні розглянуті можливості філософії в контексті формування духовних і патріотичних цінностей. У цьому аспекті освіта й вихо- вання мають поставати визначальним консолідуючим, роз- вивальним, стабілізуючим, науково-пізнавальним та куль- турно-освітнім інститутом суспільства, громадянсько- патріотичного становлення молоді, формування в неї історичної пам’яті. У такій спосіб варто вчити молодих людей здійснювати оцінку історичних явищ на основі принципів історичної достовірності, науковості, гуманізму, доброчинності, а також із позицій безпеки та забезпечення взаємозв’язку між поколіннями, створення гарантій безпеки української нації. Актуальною постає реалізація принципу: «Моя школа – мій дім; мій дім – моя родина; моя родина – рідна Вітчизна». Досліджено наповнення понять «Батьківщина» і «патріотизм» новим ціннісним змістом, осмисленням філософських традиції і особливостей як цивілізації, окре- мого культурно-історичного типу. Розкрито основні ідеї українських освітян щодо національно-патріотичного вихо- вання школярів у сучасному освітньому і виховному просторі. Доведено, що релігійно-духовний чинник має враховувати- ся в системі вищої освіти за умов її трансформації та вход- ження до Болонського процесу. Суттєвим у цьому має бути забезпечення реалізації принципів об’єктивності, науковості, національно-патріотичної спрямованості в поєднанні мож- ливостей релігії, церкви та духовно-гуманітарного вихован- ня студентської молоді України з метою інтеграції держави в європейське співтовариство, світові цивілізаційні процеси, визначати освітню стратегію держави щодо організації і про- ведення заходів на виконання національно-патріотичного вихо- вання дітей, військово-патріотичного виховання студентської молоді, військово-патріотичного навчання та утверджен- ня національної ідентичності студентів, утвердження національної ідентичності державних службовців та поса- дових осіб органів місцевого самоврядування та формування української політичної нації.
Evaluation of drug patch tests in children
Authors: Büyük Yaytokgil Şule , Güvenir Hakan , Külhaş Celík İlknur , Yilmaz Topal Özge , Karaatmaca Betül , Civelek Ersoy , Toyran Müge , Dibek Misirlioğlu Emine
Published: March 2021

Background:Patch tests are used to diagnose nonimmediate T-cell‐mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of patch tests performed with suspect drugs in children.Methods:Patients < 18 years of age who had a drug patch test at the pediatric allergy outpatient clinic of our hospital between January 2014 and January 2020 were included in the study. Age, sex, culprit drug(s), reaction characteristics, and patch test results were recorded from the patients' files.Results:A total of 105 drug patch tests were performed on 71 patients during the study period. The patients' median age was 7 years (interquartile range, 4‐11 years), and 57.7% (n = 41) were boys. Twenty-three patients (32.3%) had severe cutaneous adverse reaction (Stevens-Johnson syndrome in 11, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms in 9, and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis in 3 patients), 45 (63.3%) had maculopapular rashes, and 3 (4.2%) had fixed drug eruption. A total of 20 patch test results (28%) were positive: 18 of 44 patch tests (40.9%) with antiepileptic drugs and 2 of 48 patch tests (4.1%) with antibiotics. Positive results were obtained in 23% of the patch tests (6/26) in 20 patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions and in 17.7% of the patch tests (14/79) in 51 patients with mild cutaneous reactions. No adverse reactions occurred during or after the patch tests.Conclusion:In our study, patch test positivity was more common with antiepileptic drugs and in patients with severe cutaneous drug reaction.
Application of Statistic Model and Backpropagation Neural Network to Analyzing and Forecasting Hydropower Dam Displacement
Authors: Kieu Trinh Bui Thi , Yangxuan Xiao , Van Doan Chinh , Xuan Khanh Do , The Viet Tran , Dinh Sinh Mai
Published: March 2021

Horizontal displacement of Hoa Binh dam in operation phase is analyzed and then forecasted by using three methods: the multi-regression model (MTR), the Seasonal Integrated Auto-regressive Moving Average (SARIMA) model and the Back-propagation Neural Network (BPNN) model. The monitoring data of the Hoa Binh Dam in 137 monitoring periods, including horizontal displacement, time, reservoir water level and air temperature, are used for the experiments. The results indicate that all of these three methods can describe the real trend of dam deformation and achieve the required accuracy in short-term forecast up to 9 months. In addition, forecast results of BPNN have the highest stability and accuracy.
Simultaneous Determination and Preliminary Source Estimation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Road Dust from Northern Vietnam
Authors: Anh Hoang Quoc , Takahashi Shin , Thi Ngoc Mai Pham , Thu Thuy Thai , Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen
Published: March 2021

Concentrations of seven indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (Ʃ7PCBs) and eight predominant polybrominated diphenyl ethers (Ʃ8PBDEs) were examined in outdoor dust samples collected from some representative areas in northern Vietnam, including a core urban area of Hanoi City, an industrial park in Thai Nguyen Province, and a rural area in Bac Giang Province. Levels (median and range) of Ʃ7PCBs and Ʃ8PBDEs in our dust samples were 2.8 (0.028–22) and 11 (0.55–52) ng/g, respectively. Concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs in the urban and industrial dust samples were significantly higher than those measured in the rural ones, suggesting the role of urbanization-industrialization processes on the emission of these pollutants. PCBs exhibited specific profiles in the industrial dusts with significant proportions of low-chlorinated congeners such as CB-28 and CB-52, while the remaining samples were more contaminated by heavier compounds such as CB-118, CB-138, and CB-153. For PBDEs, BDE-209 was the most predominant congener in all the samples. Emission souces of PCBs and PBDEs in our dust samples were estimated to be household, traffic, and industrial activities. Human exposure to PCBs and PBDEs in outdoor dusts was estimated, implying relatively low health risk.
The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and its Implications for South African Data Privacy Law: An Evaluation of Selected ‘Content Principles’
Authors: Roos Anneliese
Published: March 2021

After a lengthy legislative process, South Africa implemented the Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 (POPI Act) on 1 July 2020. The POPI Act is an omnibus data-protection Act that conforms to the former benchmark for data-protection laws worldwide, namely, the 1995 EU Data Protection Directive. At the time of drafting the proposed Bill that would later become the Act, the South African Law Reform Commission emphasised the importance of a South African data-protection Act that complies with international standards on data protection, especially with the EU’s Directive. The Directive, in Article 25, imposed a prohibition on the transfer of personal data to non-member countries that do not ensure an adequate level of protection when personal data of their citizens are processed. South Africa’s Act needed to comply with the standard set in the Directive for the protection of personal information if South Africa wanted to remain part of the international information technology market. In 2016, the EU adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that replaced the 1995 Directive with effect from May 2018. The question now arises whether the South African Act still meets the minimum standards for data protection set out by this Regulation and whether amendments to the Act are needed. This article compares certain provisions of the GDPR with similar provisions of the POPI Act in order to establish whether the South African Act meets the standard set in the GDPR.
A Three-Component Solvent for the Treatment for COVID-19: Is the Data in Place for Clinical Trial?
Authors: Manning Thomas , Thomas-Richardson Jenu , Stogner Steven
Published: March 2021

This letter outlines the potential use of a three-component solvent, with strong anti-viral properties, as an economical and efficient treatment of COVID-19. It focuses on the generation and delivery of the alcohol-based solvent as nanodroplets deep within a patients lungs to reduce the viral load and potentially reduce the impact of a bradykinin or cytokine storm. The treatment is considered for compassionate use where other methods are not available or will not work.
Violent Nonstate Actors and the Emergence of Hybrid Governance in South America
Authors: Villa Rafael Duarte , de Macedo Braga Camila , Ferreira Marcos Alan S. V.
Published: March 2021

In several Latin American countries, social violence has risen to warlike levels. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to the extent of social violence and the new (informal) forms of governance generated by the so-called violent nonstate actors (VNSAs). Where a state’s forces fail to provide for the physical protection and social security of its citizens, some areas are governed by a mix of formal (vertical) and informal (horizontal) forms of governance, mixing state and nonstate actors. In these socially bounded spaces, nonstate actors produce and distribute public goods similarly as the state does. In this article, we explore how hybrid governance has appeared in the South American region, considering the operation of two regional VNSAs, the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) in Brazil and the Bandas Criminales (BACRIM) in Colombia. We show that such VNSAs are significant agents for security governance, as they challenge preconceived notions of state authority (legitimacy).
No-cloning theorem for a single POVM
Authors: Rastegin Alexey E.
Published: March 2021

Cloning of statistics of general quantum measurement is discussed. The presented approach is connected with the known concept of observable cloning, but differs in some essential respects. The reasons are illustrated within some variety of the B92 protocol. As it is shown, there exist pairs of states such that the perfect cloning of given POVM is not possible. We discuss some properties of these intolerant sets. An example allowing the perfect cloning is presented as well.
On Steane's enlargement of Calderbank-Shor-Steane codes
Authors: Fujita Hachiro
Published: March 2021

In this paper we present the Hilbert space representation and the decoding of the enlarged Calderbank-Shor-Steane code constructed by Steane. We also give a generalization of the code.