bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEED ANALYSIS: DEVELOPMENT OF LK-D&T SKETCH MODULE FOR FORM ONE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY (D&T) SUBJECT IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Ahmad Nor Anisah , Ros Ridzwan Che , Kamis Arasinah , Makmor Hawa Naqiah
Published: February 2020

This study is a need analysis of the development of sketch module for secondary D&T students. This study is in a form of a survey using questionnaire as a research instrument. A total of 287 teachers were involved in the study sample. The study sample was randomly selected. The data were analyzed using a descriptive analysis to meet the objectives of the study. The findings show that teachers are facing difficulties in implementing D&T teaching in schools. The majority of teaching teachers consist of non-option D&T teachers, lack of D&T knowledge and skills, intensive course requirements, less teaching aids and less conducive workshops. Students found that it was difficult to master topics that the teachers teach, especially the topic of sketching. The majority of teachers agree that the topic of sketching ought to be developed in a way to enhance students understanding, and along with helping the less skilled teachers. The implication of the study is that this module can be used by D&T teachers and students as a reference to improve the teaching and learning to become more effective.
Predicting epiphyseal stability of slipped capital femoral epiphysis with preoperative CT imaging
Authors: Fischer-Colbrie Megan E. , Louer Craig R. , Bomar James D. , Hahn Peter , Edmonds Eric W. , Pennock Andrew T. , Upasani Vidyadhar V.
Published: February 2020

Background

We analyzed preoperative CT scans of hips with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) for characteristics that could be predictive of intraoperative epiphyseal stability and developed a set of imaging criteria for stable and unstable SCFE. We then compared this grading system with the Loder classification.

Methods

We reviewed preoperative CT imaging to develop a SCFE stability classification system. Three orthopaedic surgeons used the classification system to grade stability on a series of SCFE hips. Kappa was used to evaluate intra- and interobserver reliability among the observers. A series of SCFE hips treated with open procedures in which intraoperative stability was determined under direct visualization was evaluated. Intraoperative stability was compared with stability ratings as determined by the CT classification system and the Loder classification system.

Results

Interobserver reliability among our three observers was κ = 0.823 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.414 to 1.0; p < 0.001). Intraobserver reliability was κ = 0.901 (95% CI 0.492 to 1.31; p < 0.001). In all, 27 hips were used in the comparison of intraoperative stability with the Loder and CT classification systems. CT-predicted stability exhibited 78% concordance with intraoperative stability. The sensitivity and specificity of CT-predicted stability was 75% and 82%, respectively, versus Loder sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 91%.

Conclusion

The CT evaluation method provided is easy to use and can help to improve the accuracy in determining preoperative epiphyseal stability, which may lead to improved treatment outcomes for this population.

Level of Evidence

III
Sensemaking of Shared Information: Perspective of Relevance in WhatsApp
Authors: Adjei Joseph Kwame , Tweneboah Pearl , Tobbin Peter Ebo
Published: February 2020

Despite the growing literature on information sharing in Social Media there is minimal understanding of how user’s estimate relevant information from shared information in the media. This paper explores the issue of relevant information sharing in social media by using a qualitative approach drawing on Media Richness Theory (MRT) through the lens of sensemaking to collect data. A questionnaire and interview were used to obtain data from regular users of WhatsApp with different backgrounds in the social network group context. Besides the capabilities of the media the results showed additional variables Channel Influence, Social influence, Nature of the Content, Experiential influence and Individual processing capabilities by conveyance and convergence play an important role in sensemaking for the shaping of relevant information. A framework for sensemaking of media relevant information is developed; the paper extends the Media Richness concept and has also opened a new area of research for innovative knowledge to emerge to address the challenges in social media information use which is highly relevant to IS research.
Understanding Customers Perception of ATM Data Integrity
Authors: Adjei Joseph Kwame , Obubuafo-Ayettey William Nii Ayettey , Tobbin Peter Ebo
Published: February 2020

In spite of the numerous studies exploring customers’ perception of their banks, there is limited understanding of customers’ perceptions of Automated Teller Machines (ATM) data integrity issues. We therefore sought to understand customers’ perception of data integrity issues in ATM using Ghana Commercial Bank as case study. The objective was to understand the extent to which customers’ perception of ATM data integrity affect their relationship with the bank. Thus, the main research question is “To what extent is ATM data integrity issues affecting how customers transact business with the bank? The Adenta branch of Ghana Commercial Bank in Accra was used as case study. A Qualitative research approach was adopted given the exploratory nature of this study. Empirical data were gathered using a combination of observations and interviews. The informants were selected via purposive sampling technique. The study has shown that fairness expectation, assured customer delight, well-structured media post and settled perception of customer delight are the major factors that affect customers’ perception of ATM data integrity.
MONITORING XYLEM SAP IN SUGARCANE THROUGH TDR
Authors: Simione Júlia Rodrigues , Pavão Gláucia Cristina , Souza Claudinei Fonseca
Published: February 2020

The TDR can be used to measure water content and nutrients in several media with a potential to monitor the xylem sap flow in plants. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the xylem sap content and water available in the soil for sugarcane cultivation using TDR. The study was conducted in a protected environment with eight boxes (500 L). The boxes were divided into two treatments with different water application rates (1.6 and 3.4 L h-1) through subsurface irrigation. In each box TDR probes were inserted in the medium part of sugarcane stalk, totaling three probes per box to monitoring the sap flow. The soil water content was monitored using 20 net-placed probes. Therefore, the simultaneous monitoring of xylem sap and soil water content occurred for five months. As a result, it was obtained that the xylem content monitoring through TDR is moderately related to soil moisture, with a response to the absorption and translocation of the solution in the stem of sugarcane plants as a consequence of irrigation applications and/or fertirrigation. Thus, it was concluded that there is a weak relations between water contents in the soil and plant, especially for the treatment that used the highest flow rate (3.4 L h-1).
Motivation to Physical Exercise in Manual Wheelchair Users With Paraplegia
Authors: Ferri-Caruana Ana , Millán-González Luís , García-Massó Xavier , Pérez-Nombela Soraya , Pellicer-Chenoll Maite , Serra-Añó Pilar
Published: February 2020

Background: Motivation could be considered as a critical factor for being and staying physically active in the spinal cord–injured population. Objectives: Our goals were (1) to describe motivation to exercise in people with paraplegia, comparing those who engage in regular physical exercise with those who do not and (2) to establish whether such motivation is related to the type of physical exercise practiced. Methods: This study was quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive research. One-hundred and six participants with chronic paraplegia completed the Spanish version of the Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI-2). Participants were divided into the non-exerciser group (NEG) and the exerciser group (EG). EG was subclassified into sports players (SPs) and physical exercisers (PEs). Results: Participants in both EG and NEG presented a similar motivation toward physical exercise. The most important motive to practice or to adhere to exercise in participants with SCI was ill-health avoidance (mean, 8.45; SD, 1.33). Fitness was the second most important motive (ie, nimbleness, flexibility, strength, and endurance). Motives that distinguished EG from NEG included enjoyment and revitalization [ t(41.9) = −2.54, p < .05, r = 0.36], competition [ t(56.8) = 2.24, p < .05, r = 0.28], and health pressure [ t(104) = 3.22, p < .01, r = 0.30]. Furthermore, we found that motivation was related to the type of physical exercise performed. SPs showed a statistically significantly higher score for competition and enjoyment and revitalization than PEs ( p < .05). Conclusion: Ill-health avoidance and fitness are the key motivational factors to practice and adhere to physical exercise. Motivation is related to the type of physical exercise performed. Health providers need to understand these factors to promote and sustain long-term adherence to exercise in the SCI population.
Associations Between Doing Planned Exercise and Probable Major Depressive Disorder in Individuals Following Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: VanDerwerker Catherine Jefferson , Cao Yue , Gregory Chris M. , Krause James S.
Published: February 2020

Background: In neurologically healthy individuals, exercise positively impacts depressive symptoms, but there is limited knowledge regarding the association between exercise behaviors and depression after spinal cord injury (SCI). Objective: To examine associations between doing planned exercise and probable major depressive disorder (PMDD) after SCI. Methods: Community-dwelling adults, who were one or more years post traumatic SCI, completed self-report assessments at baseline (Time 1) and an average of 3.29 years later (Time 2). Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms. Participants self-reported frequency of doing planned exercise. There were 1,790 participants who responded at both Time 1 and 2. Associations were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Prevalence of PMDD was 10% at Time 1 and 12% at Time 2. Only 34% of participants at Time 1 and 29% at Time 2 reported doing planned exercise three or more times per week. The majority of participants (47%) reported no change in frequency of doing planned exercise between Times 1 and 2. Significant risk factors for PMDD at Time 2 included low household income ( p = .0085), poor to fair self-perceived health ( p < .0001), and doing less planned exercise at Time 2 ( p = .0005). Meanwhile, number of years post injury ( p = .04), doing planned exercise three or more times per week at Time 1 ( p = .0042), and doing more planned exercise at Time 2 ( p = .0005) were associated with decreased odds of PMDD at Time 2. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that a negative association exists between doing planned exercise and PMDD post SCI. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further explain these findings.
Measurement method of optical properties of ex vivo biological tissues of rats in the near-infrared range
Authors: Sanchez-Cano Ana , Saldaña-Díaz José Eduardo , Perdices Lorena , Pinilla Isabel , Salgado-Remacha Francisco Javier , Jarabo Sebastián
Published: February 2020

An optical fiber-based supercontinuum setup and a custom-made spectrophotometer that can measure spectra from 1100 to 2300 nm, are used to describe attenuation properties from different ex vivo rat tissues. Our method is able to differentiate between scattering and absorption coefficients in biological tissues. Theoretical assumptions combined with experimental measurements demonstrate that, in this infrared range, tissue attenuation and absorption can be accurately measured, and scattering can be described as the difference between both magnitudes. Attenuation, absorption, and scattering spectral coefficients of heart, brain, spleen, retina, and kidney are given by applying these theoretical and experimental methods. Light through these tissues is affected by high scattering, resulting in multiple absorption events, and longer wavelengths should be used to obtain lower attenuation values. It can be observed that the absorption coefficient has a similar behavior in the samples under study, with two main zones of absorption due to the water absorption bands at 1450 and 1950 nm, and with different absolute absorption values depending on the constituents of each tissue. The scattering coefficient can be determined, showing slight differences between retina and brain samples, and among heart, spleen and kidney tissues.
Speckle-illuminated Fourier ptychography: analysis of diffuser roughness and reconstruction aperture on imaging performance
Authors: Luan Jiayun , He Xiaoliang , Jiang Zhilong , Kong Yan , Wang Shouyu , Liu Cheng
Published: February 2020

With a fundamentally modified structural illumination algorithm, the recently proposed speckle-illuminated Fourier ptychography can be a promising superresolution imaging technique with a large field of view. However, its imaging performance, including image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, has been discussed less, limiting its further applications. Thus, an in-depth study of this new imaging technique is highly required. In this paper, with theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and experiments, the influence of both diffuser roughness in the experimental setup and numerical aperture size in iterative reconstruction on the imaging performance of speckle-illuminated Fourier ptychography was studied in detail, and the result explained why a rougher diffuser and larger reconstruction aperture can generate a higher-resolution image with more noise and showed how to get optimized diffuser roughness and reconstruction aperture size by considering the trade-off between imaging resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. This work may be a good reference for high-quality imaging using speckle-illuminated Fourier ptychography.
High-harmonic generation wave front dependence on a driving infrared wave front
Authors: Wodzinski Thomas , Künzel Swen , Koliyadu Jayanath C. P. , Hussain Mukhtar , Keitel Barbara , Williams Gareth O. , Zeitoun Philippe , Plönjes Elke , Fajardo Marta
Published: February 2020

With high-harmonic generation (HHG), spatially and temporally coherent XUV to soft x-ray (100 nm to 10 nm) table-top sources can be realized by focusing a driving infrared (IR) laser on a gas target. For applications such as coherent diffraction imaging, holography, plasma diagnostics, or pump–probe experiments, it is desirable to have control over the wave front (WF) of the HHs to maximize the number of XUV photons on target or to tailor the WF. Here, we demonstrate control of the XUV WF by tailoring the driving IR WF with a deformable mirror. The WFs of both IR and XUV beams are monitored with WF sensors. We present a systematic study of the dependence of the aberrations of the HHs on the aberrations of the driving IR laser and explain the observations with propagation simulations. We show that we can control the astigmatism of the HHs by changing the astigmatism of the driving IR laser without compromising the HH generation efficiency with a WF quality from

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. This allows us to shape the XUV beam without changing any XUV optical element.
Absolute frequency and hyperfine structure of 127I2 transitions at 531.5  nm by precision spectroscopy using a narrow-linewidth diode laser
Authors: Sakagami Haruki , Yoshii Kazumichi , Kobayashi Takumi , Hong Feng-Lei
Published: February 2020

The absolute frequency and hyperfine structure of the

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transitions of molecular iodine at 531.5 nm are measured using high-resolution spectroscopy based on a narrow-linewidth planar-waveguide external cavity diode laser. The absolute frequencies of the transitions are determined with an uncertainty of 5.7 kHz, while the hyperfine structures are measured with an uncertainty of

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. High-precision hyperfine constants are obtained by fitting the measured hyperfine splittings, with an uncertainty of approximately 1 kHz, to a four-term Hamiltonian that includes the electric quadrupole, spin–rotation, tensor spin–spin, and scalar spin–spin interactions. The measured absolute frequencies and hyperfine structures are useful for optical frequency metrology and studies of molecular iodine.
Accurate modeling of radiation-induced absorption in Er-Al–doped silica fibers exposed to high-energy ionizing radiations
Authors: Dardaillon Rémi , Palermo Christophe , Lancry Matthieu , Myara Mikhaël , Kribich Raphaël K. , Signoret Philippe
Published: February 2020

We offer here an accurate quantitative model of the RIA (radiation-induced absorption) at low dose-rate (below 1 kGy) that experience the most common erbium-doped fibers (Ge-Al-Er–doped silica) under radiations. It addresses the degradation mechanisms of the glass fiber, especially the influence of its doping elements versus its sensitivity to radiations. Moreover, it depends mainly on macroscopic quantities coming from literature or experiments. For these two reasons, it is a reliable and efficient tool for the engineering of erbium-doped fibers (erbium-free fibers too) exposed to ionizing radiations and is validated in this paper by comparing the modelisation results to RIA experiments on 14 Er-doped optical fiber samples, in which composition changes a lot from one sample to another (in the range 0–25%wt for Ge, 0–10%wt for Al and 0–1500ppm for Er).
Editorial: Working-class heritage and the city
Authors: Millington Gareth , Wallace Andrew
Published: February 2020

Here, we introduce a series of concepts and debates that provide a meta-context for the papers on the topic of working-class heritage and the city that follow. We propose Henri Lefebvre's seminal work on the dissolution of the city as a theoretical framing device via brief detours through notions of museification, authenticity and 'communicity'. The fundamental problematic, as we see it, is that urban working-class heritage is symptomatic of the dissolution of the industrial city and an attempt – conditioned by economic, social, cultural and political imperatives – to reimagine and/or reconfigure the legacies of this city. While we agree that heritage is an active process – it is selected, curated, narrated and interpreted, or 'decoded' by individuals and social groups in a reflexive manner – we also suggest, on the evidence of the papers collected here, that working-class heritage delivers an ambivalent experience and response.
Between 'creative' boost and political dysfunction: An exploration of class, culture and economic dislocation in East Berlin
Authors: Blokland Talja , Juhnke Sebastian
Published: February 2020

In cities where tourism, creative industries and new service economies are boosting, the continuing impact of de-industrialization is less prominent than in discussions of, for example, former Rustbelt cities. Yet, these cities display new forms of intra-urban inequalities that are, beyond the discussion of gentrification, not strongly visible in urban sociology discourses. While scholarly work on Berlin focuses on its gentrification and touristification, urban social movements and forms of migration, less attention is paid to the city as a site of de-industrialization, economic dislocation, class-based defamations and the resulting labelling of political dysfunctionality of certain parts of the population. Exploring the less visible yet ongoing effects of de-industrialization in the post-socialist context of a formerly divided city, this article contributes to a better conceptual understanding of the economic dislocation of the (previous) working classes of East Berlin. It is argued that effects of deindustrialization are related to the cultural and relational production of class through the organization of socialist industrial work and that these effects are ongoing, yet silenced. Lastly, the article outlines a set of hypotheses regarding the friction of a decreasing public, yet continued personal relevance of industrial and working-class heritage, socially and materially, in the city.
Sign language interpreting in the Pacific: A snapshot of progress in raising the participation of deaf people
Authors: McKee Rachel , Iseli Jacqueline , Murray Angela
Published: February 2020

Barriers to acquiring and using a shared sign language alienate deaf children and adults from their fundamental human rights to communication, education, social and economic participation, and access to services. International data collected by the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) identify that in economically developing countries, deaf individuals are at particularly high risk of marginalization, which applies to countries in the Pacific region. This report provides a snapshot of the status of deaf people as sign language users in six Pacific nations: Fiji, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste and Kiribati. Information was contributed by sign language interpreters from these countries during a panel convened at the first Oceania regional conference of the World Association of Sign Language Interpreters, in Fiji, 2018. The report outlines conditions for education through sign language and the emergence of sign language interpreting as a means of increasing access and social equity for deaf people in these countries, albeit this remains largely on a voluntary basis. While Fiji and PNG governments have recognized the status of sign languages in their respective countries and allocated some resources to the inclusion of sign language users, practical support of deaf sign language users tends to be progressed on grounds of disability rights rather than language rights; e.g., several Pacific countries have ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights for People with Disabilities, which includes provisions for sign language users, and deaf advocacy efforts have gained political traction from alliance with disability organizations.
Influence of slope, aspect and competition index on the height-diameter relationship of Cyclobalanopsis glauca trees for improving prediction of height in mixed forests
Authors: Long Shisheng , Zeng Siqi , Liu Falin , Wang Guangxing
Published: February 2020

Diameter at breast height (DBH) and height (H) of trees are two important variables used in forest management plans. However, collecting the measurements of H is time-consuming and costly. Instead, the H-DBH relationship is modeled and used to estimate H. But, ignoring the effects of slope, aspect and tree competition on the H-DBH relationship often impedes the improvement of H predictions. In this study, to improve predictions of (Thunb.) Oerst. tree H in mixed forests, we compared eleven H-DBH models and examined the influence of slope and aspect on the H-DBH relationship using 426 trees. We then improved Hegyi competition index and explored its effect on the H predictions by including it in the selected models. Results showed 1) There were statistically significant effects of slope and aspect on the H-DBH relationship; 2) The log transformation and exponential model performed best for sunny- and shady-steep, respectively, and the Gompertzâs model was optimal for both sunny- and shady-gentle; 3) Compared with the whole dataset, the division of the data into the slope and aspect sub-datasets significantly reduced the RMSE of H predictions; 4) Compared with the selected models without competition index, adding the original Hegyi and improved Hegyi_I into the models improved the H predictions but only the models containing the improved Hegyi_I significantly increased the prediction accuracy at the significant level of 0.1. This study implied that modeling the H-DBH relationship under different slopes and aspects and including the improved Hegyi_I provided the great potential to improve the H predictions.Cyclobalanopsis glauca
Effect of the Biofield Energy Treated Proprietary Test Formulation for Sleep Biomarkers in the Unpredictable Chronic Stress (UCS) Animal Model
Authors: Trivedi Mahendra Kumar , Branton Alice , Trivedi Dahryn , Nayak Gopal , Jana Snehasis
Published: February 2020

Sleep biomarkers in brain such as melatonin, BDNF (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor), PGD2 (Prostaglandin D2), leptin, orexin-A, and acetylcholine were evaluated in the unpredictable chronic stress (UCS) rodent model in the presence of Consciousness Energy Healing Treated (the Trivedi Effect®) novel test formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using ELISA assay. The test formulation was consisted of minerals (Zn, Fe, Cu, Se, Ca, Mg), vitamins (C, E, B6, B12, D3), β-carotene, ginseng, and cannabidiol isolate. The test formulation constituents were divided into two parts, one part of each ingredient was distinct as the untreated test formulation, while the other portion of the test formulation and a group of animals received Biofield Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The level of melatonin in groups viz. G5 (Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation) and G7 (15-days pre-treatment of Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation) was significantly increased by 17.6% (p≤0.01) and 16%, respectively as compared with the disease control group (G2). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in brain was increased by 5.2% in G7 group as compared with the G4. Prostaglandins D2 (PGD2) level was significantly (p≤0.001) increased by 12.7%, 18.1%, 23.7%, and 30.7% in the G6, G7, G8 (15 days pre-treatment of Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation to the Biofield Energy Treatment per se rats), and G9 (untreated test formulation to the Biofield Energy Treatment per se to the rats) groups, respectively as compared with the G2. The level of leptin after Biofield Energy Treatment and with the test formulation was altered. However, orexin-A level was significantly decreased by 37.1% (p≤0.05), 32.6%, 40.5% (p≤0.05), 44.4% (p≤0.05), and 28.2% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups respectively, as compared with the G2. Similarly, acetylcholine (Ach) level was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 42.5%, 49.2%, 40.1%, 47.9%, and 45% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the G2. Overall, the results showed the significant slowdown the stress-related disease progression and its complications/symptoms in the preventive in the Biofield Energy Treatment group per se and/or Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation groups (viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9) comparatively with the disease group. The Trivedi Effect® showed increased level of melatonin and decreased levels of insomnia related brain biomarkers which might be helpful to induce better sleep in human.
Men With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Sexual Function, Fertility, Medication Safety, and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hammami Muhammad B. , Mahadevan Uma
Published: February 2020

Half of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are men, yet less attention has been focused on their sexual issues despite higher rates of sexual dysfunction and infertility than the general population. Depression and IBD disease activity are the most consistently reported risk factor for sexual dysfunction among men with IBD. Methotrexate and sulfasalazine have been rarely associated with impotence. Sulfasalazine reversibly reduces male fertility. No other medications used in IBD significantly affect fertility in humans. There is no increase in adverse fetal outcomes among offspring of fathers with IBD. Patients with IBD seem to be at a higher risk for prostate cancer; therefore, screening as recommended for high-risk patients should be considered.
The differential diagnosis of constitutional delay of puberty and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in boys
Authors: Latyshev Oleg Yurevich , Brzhezinskaya Lubov Borisovna , Okminyan Goar Feliksovna , Kiseleva Elena Valentinovna , Pykov Mikhail Ivanovich , Kasatkina Elvira Petrovna , Samsonova Lubov Nikolaevna
Published: February 2020

Backgraund: The problem of differential diagnosis of constitutional delay of puberty/CPD and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism/HH in boys is discussed, as boys have similar genetic mechanisms and appearance.
Aims: to determine accuracy of the criteria for the differential diagnosis of CDP and HH.
Materials: The study included 56 boys14,40,7 years old with delayed puberty (G1P1-3/testicular volume 3сm3). We excluded patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, treated with sex steroids or gonadotropins for 12 months, with endocrine/somatic diseases affecting puberty.
At the first visit, we evaluated anthropometric data, bone age, testicular volume, hormones and the results of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone test/GnRH agonist test and the human chorionic gonadotropin test/hCG test.
The HH was defined by a testicular volume 3сm3 after 2 years follow-up. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group with CDP and testicles 3cm3 (n=50) and the second group with HH and testicles 3cm3 (n=6).
Results: At the first visit in boys with CDP corrected target height was less (Me SDS -1,8 vs -0,4, р=0,02), bone age was less (Ме SDS -2,5 vs - 0,2 р=0,03), testicular volume was more (Ме 1,9 vs 0,5, p=0,0003), hormones were significantly higher, such as, LH (Ме 1,1 vs 0,1mIU/ml, p=0,0002), FSH (Ме 1,9 vs 0,2IU/l, p=0,00007), inhibinB (Ме 142,3 vs 31,3pg/ml, p=0,00009), maxLH (Ме 18,9 vs 0,6mIU/ml, p=0,00007), maxLH/FSH (Ме 2,3 vs 0,4, p=0,0002) on the GnRH agonist test and testosterone (Ме 14,4 vs 1,1nmol/l, p=0,0001) on the hCG test than in boys with HH.
The LH 0,3 mIU/ml had 86% sensitivity, 100% specificity; maxLH/FSH1- 92% sensitivity, 100% specificity; testosterone 2,7 nmol/l on the hCG test - 98% sensitivity, 100% specificity for differential diagnosis of CDP and HH in boys. However, maxLH 3,5 mIU/ml on the GnRH agonist test, FSH 0,5 IU/l, inhibinB 58 pg/ml had 100% sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of CDP.
Conclusions: The inhibinB 58 pg/ml, LH 0,3 mIU/ml, FSH 0,5 IU/l or maxLH 3,5 mIU/ml, maxLH/FSH 1,0 on the GnRH agonist test, testosterone 2,7 nmol/l on the hCG test have an excellent accuracy for the differential diagnosis of CDP and HH in prepubertal boys with delayed puberty.
Penyakit Mosaik Kuning Pada Kedelai
Authors: Sutrawati Mimi , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Wahyu Soekarno Bonny Purnomo , Nurmansyah Ali
Published: February 2020

Ledakan penyakit mosaik kuning yang disebabkan oleh Mungbean yellow mosaic India Begomovirus (MYMIV) terjadi pada tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) di Jawa pada 2008. Namun penyakit ini belum dilaporkan di daerah lainnya di Indonesia. Tanaman kedelai di Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Bantul, DI Yogyakarta, dan Musi Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan menunjukkan gejala sistemik berupa mosaik kuning pada daun dengan tulang daun lebih gelap (vein banding) dan diduga terinfeksi MYMIV. Deteksi dan identifikasi virus dilakukan dengan metode polimerase chain reaction (PCR) dengan menggunakan primer spesifik MYMIV. Hasil amplifikasi menghasilkan pita DNA berukuran 1000 pb. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tanaman kedelai yang bergejala mosaik kuning dari Cirebon, Bantul, Musi Banyuasin, dan positif terinfeksi MYMIV. Hasil analisis homologi sikuen nukleotida tanaman kedelai yang terinfeksi  MYMIV asal Cirebon mempunyai homologi yang tinggi (98.6-99.2 %) dengan MYMIV dari Tegal, Subang, Klaten, Magelang, Brebes, dan Bogor yang menginfeksi tanaman kacang panjang. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa isolat MYMIV Cirebon berada satu kelompok dengan semua sikuen MYMIV di Indonesia dan Oman, namun terpisah dengan kelompok MYMIV dari  Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan dan India. Sikuen isolat MYMIV Cirebon telah didaftarkan ke GenBank dengan nomor aksesi LC481009. Sebelumnya MYMIV dilaporkan pada kedelai di Jawa tahun 2013. Temuan ini merupakan laporan pertama infeksi MYMIV pada kedelai di luar Jawa (Musi Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan).
Snack bar berbahan pati sagu (Metroxylon sp.), tempe, dan beras hitam sebagai pangan fungsional berindeks glikemik rendah
Authors: Puspita Winny , Sulaeman Ahmad , Damayanthi Evy
Published: February 2020

Background: High calories intake from snacks with low nutritional value will contribute to increase the prevalence of obesity and diabetes. Nutritional strategies to prevent hyperglycemia are controlling blood glucose levels, restrict calories and carbohydrate intake. Sago starch (Metroxylon sp.), tempe and black rice contains ingredients such as dietary fiber, resistant starch, amylose and low glycemic index. Modified snack bar using these ingredients can produce attractive products and provide the beneficial nutrients.Objectives: To determine a snack bar formulation made from sago starch, tempe and black rice and analyze physicochemical characteristics and glycemic index value of the product.Methods: This study used a completely randomized design analyzing three different proportions of sago starch and tempe, namely F1 (2:1), F2 (1.5:1), and F3 (1:1) with two replications for each formula. The Selected formula was determined based on consumer acceptability by semi-trained panelists using 9-point hedonic scale, physicochemical properties, nutrient content, and glycemic index value. Results: The Selected formula (F3) was potentially used as functional food as indicated by high level of dietary fiber (11.05%), 8.8 % resistant starch, in vitro starch digestibility (14.02%), the highest amylose-amylopectin ratio (60.1% : 39.9%), low glycemic index (40) and low glycemic load (5.4). The F3 formula produced a slow increase and peak point of blood glucose response of 107.5 mg/dl at minute 30th lower than the administration of anhydrous glucose with peak point of blood glucose levels of 143.4 mg/dl.Conclusion: The F3 formula with the proportion of sago starch and tempe (1:1) had low glycemic index and was categorized as high-fiber food with high level of resistant starch. Therefore, this product has the potency as functional snack alternative for diabetes patients.
Pengaruh pemberian ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.Poir) terhadap kadar superoksida dismutase (SOD) tikus wistar jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) yang dipapar asap rokok
Authors: Widyanti Alfreda Sabrina , Ardiaria Martha , Widyastuti Nurmasari
Published: February 2020

Background: Cigarette smoke exposure is one of the source of free radicals that causes oxidative stress and decreases superoxide dismutase (SOD) level. Purple fleshed sweet potato is a type of food that contains antioxidants to neutralize oxidative stress.Objectives: To study the effect of purple fleshed sweet potato on superoxide dismutase (sod) level on rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This was a true experimental study with a post-test randomized control group design. The rats were randomized into 4 groups (6 rats in each group). The negative control group (K-) was treated with standard diet; the positive control group (K+) was treated with cigarette smoke exposure and standard diet; the treatment 1 (P1) group was treated with standard diet and purple fleshed sweet potato with the dose of 8 g / 200 g bw/day, and the treatment 2 (P2) group was treated with cigarette smoke exposure and purple fleshed sweet potato with the dose of 8 g /200 g bw/day.Results: There was a significant difference of SOD levels in each group (p=0.00) except between group K- and P1. Giving purple fleshed sweet potatoes increased SOD levels as much as 85.81±4.59 (P1). The K+ group had the lowest SOD level 22.34±3.98. The SOD level for K- group and P2 group was 82.27±4.59 and 67.73±6.68 respectively.Conclusion: The highest SOD level is on the treatment 1 group which is administered with purple fleshed sweet potato.
Pengaruh yoghurt dan soyghurt kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) terhadap kadar glukosa darah, insulin serum, dan malondialdehyde tikus pra sindrom metabolik
Authors: Rustanti Ninik , Nafsih Vifin Zakiahtin , Avisha Rosita Nur , Kurniawati Dewi Marfu’ah , Purwanti Rachma , Nissa Choirun , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi , Afifah Diana Nur
Published: February 2020

Background: Pre metabolic syndrome is characterized by two of five risk factors: central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and increased fasting blood glucose. Cinnamon yogurt and soygurt contain antioxidants and fiber which can improve insulin sensitivity and blood glucose homeostasis and prevent cell damage in pre-metabolic syndrome conditionsObjective: This study aimed to determine the effect of cinnamon yogurt and soygurt on fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in pre-metabolic syndrome rats.Method: This study was an experimental study with a pre and post-test control group design. The subjects were 15 male Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 5 normal control mice (K) and 10 pre metabolic syndrome mice with a diet high in fat and fructose for group P1 (yogurt) and P2 (soygurt) each of 5 mice. The yogurt and soygurt were given as much as 3.4 ml / g BW for 28 days. FBG levels were measured by the GOD-PAP method, while serum insulin and MDA levels were by the ELISA method. Different tests before and after treatment using Paired t-test or Wilcoxon. The difference tests between groups using the One-Way ANOVA test or Kruskal Wallis.Results: There were no differences in FBG and MDA levels between groups after intervention (p> 0.05). The highest percentage reduction in FBG in the P2 (-11.59%), then P1 (-4.06%). The decrease in MDA levels in group P1 = 19.17%, and P2 = 15.44% lower than K = 24.43%. After the intervention, the insulin level in group P2 (0.46 ng / ml) was significantly higher than P1 (0.318 ng/ml), but both were not different from K (0.384 ng / ml).Conclusion: There was no significant effect on the administration of cinnamon yogurt and soygurt to FBG, serum insulin, and MDA levels.
Correlation between HbA1c level and monocyte percentage in obesity
Authors: Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan , Hendrianingtyas Meita
Published: February 2020

Background : HbA1c is one of the parameters that can be useful for diagnosing diabetes mellitus that can occur in obesity. Monocyte as an inflammatory cell is widely studied in relation to diabetes mellitus and obesity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between HbA1c levels and monocyte percentage in obesity.Methods : A Cross-sectional study of 30 medical students at a private laboratory in Semarang on March – April 2017 was done. The monocyte percentage included incomplete blood count was examined with the Sysmex XS-800i hematology analyzer, while HbA1c level was examined with Hemocue HbA1c 501 System. Spearman test was done for analyzing data with p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result and discussion : Median of HbA1c level was 5.8 ± 0.23%. Medians of leukocyte count, lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, and monocyte percentage were 8,600 ± 339,77 /μl, lymphocyte percentage 33% ± 1.19%, neutrophil percentage 56% ± 1.35%, and monocyte percentage of 9.0% ± 0.26%, respectively. Spearman test showed that correlation value (r) was 0.131 (p = 0.489).Conclusion and suggestion : There was no correlation between HbA1c levels and monocyte percentage in obesity. The increased of monocyte percentage can be used as monitoring and evaluation parameters in obesity that can lead to diabetes mellitus. Further study can be done in an obese population with older age as well as other parameters related to obesity and diabetes mellitus.
ÇOKULUSLU İŞLETMELERDE TRANSFER FİYATLANDIRMASI
Authors: SAĞMANLI Metin
Published: February 2020

Transferpreise situl jene Preise, z.ıı * denen die unternehmensinternen Lieferungen zwischen Konzernunternehmen in unterschiedlichen Liindern verrechnet werden. Transfer pricing isi eine beliebte Methode der multinationalen Unternehmen, die haupisdchlich beim Transfer der Finanzmiiteln der Tochtergesellschaften an die Muttergesellschaft venvendet wird. Konkret funktionieri İst so, dafi die Tochtergesellschaften im Regelfall von der Muttergeselschaft öder anderen Tochtergesellschaften Zwischenprodukte beziehen. Diese können dann je nach der Politik der Konzernspitze zu Preisen verrechnet werden,die iiber öder unter den tatsaclılichen Preisen liegen; so können also Mitteln innerlıalb eines Konzernes verschoben werden.
ÇEVRE SORUNLARININ ÇÖZÜMÜNDE COĞRAFYANIN ROLÜ
Authors: EFE Recep
Published: February 2020

Geography can be described as ‘the study of the earth in terms of human activity’. Geography is a br'ıdge between the humanities and the Sciences. It has always been a generalized as opposed to a specialized discipline, so that its viewpoint is toward to broad understanding. There is a very delicate balance between the human and physical environment. This balanced relationship can be spoiled easily if one inteıferes with the other. Geography aims to establish peace and balance between man and nature and to help them live together in harmony.
ATM AĞININ ÖLÇEKLENEBİLME YETENEĞİ
Authors: KALAYCI Turgay , ÖZMEN İsmail
Published: February 2020

The main features of ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) network are common LAN/WAN technology, variable high speed (Mbps>Gbps), different kinds of traffic (voice/data/video/image), International single standart ete. The ability of being scalable or scalability is to be added to this üst and should be taken into consideration. In this paper, various criteria on scalability are presented item by item and how much the produets avaible in the market satisfy these criteria are discussed.
BİLGİSAYAR TEKNOLOJİSİNDEKİ GELİŞMELERİN BİR HİZMET SEKTÖRÜ OLARAK TURİZM SEKTÖRÜNÜN PAZARLAMA KANALLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ
Authors: BİRKAN İbrahim
Published: February 2020

Turizm özellikle pazarlama alanında bilgisayar teknolojisindeki gelişmelerden önemli ölçüde ve süratli bir şekilde yararlanabilme avantajına sahiptir. Bununla beraber bir çok turistik tesise ve özellikle bir zincire bağlı olmadan faaliyet gösteren münferit turizm kuruluşlarında enformasyon teknolojilerinden yeterince yararlanamadığı görülmektedir.
TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİNDE (1984-1997) PARA İKAMESİ- DOLARİZASYON VE SENYORAJ İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: YALINPALA Jale
Published: February 2020

İn Turkey economy, 1984-1997 dollarization rate has been increased. Because of increasing inflation rate, there is a typically a shif't away from the domestic money toward a foreign money-as store of value, as unit of account and as mediunı of transactions. Tlıis process is known as dollarization. As dollarization occurs, the ability of the government to collect seigniorage from domestic nıoney creation falls.
ÇEVRE MUHASEBESİNİN İKİ YÖNÜ
Authors: NEMLİ Esra
Published: February 2020

Today companies face a climate with increasingly environmental concerns. As companies experience tougher environmental regıılation and higher environmental compliance costs, managers need to consider how their cost accounting systems assign environmental costs. Environmental accounting in a micro sense, is a tool which helps managers in handling environmental costs. On the other hand, incorporating environmental values into national income accounts is the macroeconontic side of environmental accounting. Depletion of natural resources should be considered in national income accounting.
ÇAĞDAŞ YÖNETİM YAKLAŞIMLARI İLE POSTMODERN YÖNETİM YAKLAŞIMININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: SAROĞLU Hakan
Published: February 2020

Değişim kavramı günümüzde en çok kullanılan kavramlardan birisidir. Aslında değişim her zaman var olmuş bir kavramdır, çağımızda ise büyük önem kazanmasının en önemli nedeni içinde yaşanılan dönemin insanlık tarihindeki en büyük' değişimlere tanık olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır.
Activity Level and Intensity of Older Adults in Skilled Nursing Rehabilitation Measured via Actigraphy
Authors: Bland Marghuretta D. , Barco Peggy , Lang Catherine E. , Lenard Emily , Kallmi Selmi , Pennock Sarah , Lenze Eric J.
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose:

Increasing activity has been shown to improve outcomes in patients receiving post–acute rehabilitation, but little is known about the activity duration and intensity that are actually occurring throughout the rehabilitative stay for older adults in skilled nursing facilities. The purpose of this study was to quantify duration and intensity of movement in older adults receiving rehabilitation in a skilled nursing facility, using 4-limb actigraphy.

Methods:

Observational study of 92 older adults admitted for rehabilitation services at 2 skilled nursing facilities. All participants wore actigraph accelerometers (wGT3X+) on bilateral wrists and ankles for 24 hours, inclusive of 1 session each of physical and occupational therapy. Using actigraphy data, we calculated (a) movement duration (time the dominant or noninvolved upper or lower limb was active) and (b) movement intensity (sum of activity counts per minute for the dominant or noninvolved upper or lower limb).

Results:

Over the 24-hour period, the lower limb moved a total median [interquartile range] of 01:10 (hours:minutes) [01:01] and the upper limb moved a total average (SD) of 04:45 (02:00). When participants did move, it was at low intensities with 61 [87] and 610 [623] activity counts per minute for lower limb out-of-therapy time and during physical therapy, respectively. For the upper limb, activity counts per minute were 689 (388) for out-of-therapy movement and 1359 (695) during physical therapy. However, neither the lower or upper limb reached a moderate-intensity level (2690-6166 counts per minute).

Discussion:

Older adults receiving rehabilitation in 2 skilled nursing facilities had low movement duration and movement intensity both in and out of therapy.

Conclusion:

Rehabilitation interventions for older adults should target and increase movement duration and intensity, during and after skilled nursing facility care.
Effects of a Sport-Specific Upper-Body Resistance-Band Training Program on Overhead Throwing Velocity and Glenohumeral Joint Range of Motion
Authors: Oranchuk Dustin J. , Ecsedy Erika N. , Robinson Tracey L.
Published: February 2020

Oranchuk, DJ, Ecsedy, EN, and Robinson, TL. Effects of a sport-specific upper-body resistance-band training program on overhead throwing velocity and glenohumeral joint range of motion. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3097–3103, 2021—Practitioners seek optimal, yet practical means to enhance performance while aiming to minimize injury risk. Resistance bands offer portability and safety and enable similar movements to competition. However, the effect of movement-specific resistance-band training on throwing performance and markers of injury risk has yet to be elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a resistance training program using resistance bands with sport-specific (SS), or general-training (GT) exercises. Twenty-eight collegiate female softball players were randomly allocated to an SS (n = 15) or GT (n = 13) 8-week resistance-band program. Dependent variables included peak and mean throwing velocity, 1 repetition maximum (1RM) cable Chop-test, and glenohumeral internal and external rotation range of motion (ROM). No significant (p ≤ 0.338) differences were found between groups at baseline. Improvements in peak (p = 0.006, 4.9%, effect size [ES] = 0.61) and mean (p = 0.004, 3.1%, ES = 0.49) throwing velocity were seen after SS training, while the 1RM Chop-test increased in both SS (p < 0.001, 23.5%, ES = 1.06) and GT (p = 0.049, 26.1%, ES = 0.57) groups. However, no between-group differences (p ≥ 0.109, ES ≤ 0.17) were present in any variable. Neither the Chop-test nor shoulder internal or external ROM had more than moderate correlations with throwing velocity (r ≤ 0.30, p ≥ 0.119). Therefore, practitioners should not depend solely on SS resistance-band training when aiming to improve throwing velocity or measures of shoulder rotational health. However, resistance bands appear to be a practical alternative when traditional means of resistance training are not available. In addition, strength and conditioning coaches should not use the Chop-test or shoulder ROM to predict throwing performance.