bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How do Islamic corporate social responsibility and environmental performance relate to company value?
Authors: Rahmayanti Dini , Arifah Ziinatul , Jamilah Putri
Published: January 2025

Purpose – This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the investment opportunity set (IOS), profitability, Islamic corporate social responsibility (ICSR), and environmental performance (EP) on the value of environmentally sensitive companies. The research explores both short-term and long-term impacts of these variables on corporate value. Methodology – This study utilized Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach to analyze annual data from 2016 to 2022, focusing on environmentally sensitive companies in the Indonesian Sharia stock index. Findings – The VECM method yielded several key findings, including no significant impact of IOS on company value in either short or long term. However, variables such as ICSR, environmental performance, and profitability exhibited a significant influence on company value over the same timeframe.Implications – This study suggests that, to enhance credibility, companies should prioritize financial stability, credibility in financial reporting, social responsibility, and environmental regulations. They should identify the best investment opportunities and collaborate with the government to achieve environmental sustainability.Originality – Our study seeks to delve into the relationship between several variables, including IOS, profitability, ICSR, environmental performance, and the overall value of environmentally sensitive companies. This topic has not been explored in-depth by previous research, and our study aims to shed light on both short- and long-term effects of these factors on corporate value.
Pengaruh Vicarious Experience Dan Social Persuasion Terhadap Self-Efficacy Petani Milenial
Authors: Mahshunah Nur Rahmatul , Padmaningrum Dwiningtyas , Widiyanti Emi
Published: January 2025

Kabupaten Madiun sebagai salah satu kabupaten yang menjadikan pertanian sebagai pondasi pembangunan daerah memberdayakan petani dengan mendukung adanya Komunitas Petani Milenial Madiun (PMM). Adanya Komunitas ini diharapkan keyakinan pemuda dalam bertani semakin kuat. Keyakinan diri petani milenial yang kuat dapat diperoleh dari pengamatan terhadap keberhasilan petani lain. Petani juga akan semakin yakin apabila sering mendapatkan pujian, nasihat, dan saran dari penyuluh maupun petani lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pengaruh vicarious experience dan social persuasion terhadap self-efficacy petani milenial di Kabupaten Madiun. Metode penelitian meggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dibantu dengan kuesioner, survei, observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan pencatatan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda menggunakan bantuan SPSS IBM 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan vicarious experience sebesar 48,81% termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan social persuasion sebesar 45,24% termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Vicarious experience dan social persuasion memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap self-efficacy petani milenial di Kabupaten Madiun.
PENGENDALIAN BIAYA DAN WAKTU MENGGUNAKAN EARNED VALUE ANALYSIS (EVA) DENGAN APLIKASI MICROSOFT PROJECT 2019 PADA PROYEK PENATAAN KALI PEPE HILIR PINTU AIR DEMANGAN LAMA-PINTU AIR DEMANGAN BARU SURAKARTA
Authors: Rahardi Akbar Prakosa , Hartono Widi , Handayani Dewi
Published: January 2025

Proyek konstruksi adalah suatu kegiatan yang semakin besar dan kompleks, baik secara fisik maupun biaya. Varian biaya dan waktu yang besar menunjukkan manajemen proyek yang buruk. Studi kasus dilakukan pada proyek Penataan Kali Pepe Pintu Air Demangan Lama-Pintu Air Demangan Baru, Surakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengelola biaya dan waktu untuk mengatasi kertelambatan dalam keberlanjutan proyek. Metode yang digunakan adalah Earned Value. Analisis Earned Value menghasilkan penilaian kinerja implementasi, pelaksanaan proyek dari segi waktu dan biaya, serta dilaksanakan pada periode pelaporan yang sudah ditetapkan berdasarkan perkiraan biaya dan waktu produksi. Data yang dibutuhkan adalah rencana anggaran biaya (RAB), S-Curve, dan laporan mingguan dengan aplikasi Microsoft Project 2019. Hasil analisis menunjukkan proyek yang semula selesai dalam waktu 370 hari, terlambat menjadi 381 hari. Nilai kontrak awal proyek Rp42.260.689.090,03 dan perkiraan biaya penyelesaian proyek Rp37.770.656.791,88 dengan sisa anggaran Rp4.490.032.298.15. Analisis keterlambatan proyek menggunakan skenario percepatan kerja shift yaitu terjadi percepatan 56 hari dari 196 hari menjadi 140 hari dengan biaya tambahan Rp246.712.720,00. Pada skenario percepatan penambahan tenaga kerja yaitu percepatan 77 hari dari 196 hari menjadi 119 hari menghasilkan biaya tambahan Rp147.551.727,00. Pada skenario percepatan penambahan alat berat yaitu 65 hari dikurangi dari 196 hari menjadi 131 hari dengan biaya tambahan Rp1.993.222.000,00.
Gamification to Increase Interest in Learning Mathematics
Authors: Rojabi Muhammad Afdan , Wang Gunawan
Published: January 2025

This study explores the effectiveness of gamification in mathematics learning using the Quizizz platform. The study involved 20 sixth-grade students at MIS Wahdatul Ikhwan Bogor and employed an experimental method with a pretest-posttest design. The analysis results showed a significant improvement in students' learning outcomes after the implementation of gamification. The use of Quizizz not only enhanced students' understanding and performance but also increased their motivation to learn and reduced boredom. The paired sample t-test showed a significance value of 0.000, indicating a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. These findings suggest that gamification is an effective approach to improving students' learning outcomes and engagement in the mathematics learning process. Teachers are highly encouraged to integrate gamification into their teaching methods to create a more engaging and effective learning experience.
Pengembangan Video Interaktif “Materi Cedera” Pertolongan Pertama di PMR SMAN 5 Jakarta
Authors: Puspitarini Ngazis Cahyani , Widyaningrum Retno , Nursetyo Kunto Imbar
Published: January 2025

Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan video interaktif “Cedera” untuk anggota palang merah remaja SMAN 5 Jakarta. Model pengembangan menggunakan Hannafin & Peck terdiri tiga tahap yaitu analisis kebutuhan, desain, pengembangan dan implementasi serta evaluasi dan revisi di setiap tahapnya. Hasil pengembangan ini adalah 1 video pengantar dan 4 video interaktif ”Cedera”. Evaluasi formatif yang dilakukan yaitu review oleh 3 ahli dan pengguna. Hasil uji kelayakan produk diperoleh skor 3,80 dari ahli materi, skor 4,00 dari ahli pembelajaran, dan skor 3,80 dari ahli media. Dari ketiga perolehan skor termasuk kategori sangat baik. Selain itu, dilakukan uji coba one-to-one melibatkan 3 anggota dan uji coba Small group dengan melibatkan 9 mahasiswa yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok mendapat skor 3,84 kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa video interaktif “cedera” yang dihasilkan sudah dapat digunakan.
Penggunaan MOOC Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Online; Peluang dan Tantangan
Authors: Utami Resti , Mulyadi  , Utami Rima Agustia
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini menyelidiki peluang dan tantangan yang terkait dengan Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) berdasarkan artikel penelitian yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2021 hingga 2024. MOOCs diakui memiliki potensi untuk menyediakan pendidikan yang fleksibel dan dapat diakses, khususnya di negara berkembang, memungkinkan pembelajar mengakses sumber daya pendidikan berkualitas dari jarak jauh. Namun, meskipun menawarkan banyak manfaat, MOOCs juga menghadirkan sejumlah tantangan, termasuk kesulitan dalam mengelola materi pembelajaran yang beragam, menghubungkan teori dengan praktik, serta mengatasi keterampilan menulis akademik dan manajemen waktu. Peserta juga menghadapi masalah seperti keterbatasan interaksi langsung dengan pengajar dan sesama peserta, yang dapat mengurangi motivasi dan keterlibatan. Penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa untuk memaksimalkan potensi MOOCs, peserta perlu mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis, analitis, dan manajemen diri untuk mengatasi tantangan-tantangan tersebut. Dengan mengatasi masalah-masalah ini, peserta dapat meningkatkan pengembangan akademik dan profesional mereka serta memperoleh manfaat maksimal dari peluang yang ditawarkan oleh MOOCs.
Media Video Tutorial untuk Pembelajaran Praktikum Spreadsheet Akuntansi
Authors: Siregar Merinda Noorma Novida , Rizqi Ilyasa Aghni  , Dian Normalitasari Purnama  , Siswanto
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran video tutorial berbasis audio visual pembelajaran Akuntansi Spreadsheet dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran. Penelitian pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan model 4D. Tahapan dalam pengembangan media pembelajaran video tutorial berbasis audio visual ini meliputi empat tahap yaitu: Tahap Define yang merupakan tahap awal untuk mendefinisikan masalah yang muncul di lapangan. Tahap Design yaitu tahap merancang produk media pembelajaran berbasis audio visual. Tahap Develop, yakni penilaian media oleh ahli materi, ahli media dan praktisi dosen untuk mendapatkan saran dan masukan, kemudian melakukan uji pengembangan untuk mendapatkan respon dari mahasiswa. Tahap Disseminate, menyebarluaskan media pembelajaran melalui media sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran sebagai media pembelajaran berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi mendapatkan skor sebesar 4,88; penilaian ahli media mendapatkan skor sebesar 4,70; penilaian praktisi mendapatkan skor 4,67; dan respon mahasiswa mendapatkan skor sebesar 4,55 keseluruhan penilaian termasuk kategori Sangat Layak.
Research Funded by National Institutes of Health Concerning Sexual and Gender Minoritized Populations: A Tracking Update for 2012 to 2022
Authors: Weideman Ben C. D. , Ecklund Alexandra M. , Alley Rhea , Rosser B. R. Simon , Rider G. Nic
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To investigate trends in awards funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) focusing on sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) populations from 2012 to 2022 in the United States.

Methods. Replicating the method of Coulter et al., we identified NIH-funded awards for SGM research from 2012 to 2022 using the NIH RePORTER (Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results) system. We coded for SGM subpopulations, demographics, and health content areas. We also inflation adjusted awards to 2022 dollar values.

Results. NIH funded 1093 unique awards concerning SGM health, which totaled $491.7 million in first-year funding and made up 0.8% of the NIH portfolio. Frequency of awards nearly tripled over our study period. Most awards focused on HIV/AIDS (65.5%), mental health (29.5%), illicit drug use (19.9%), or sexual health issues (17.0%). We found funding differences across subpopulations: sexually minoritized men (67.8%; $357.9 million), transgender women (18.1%; $77.6 million), sexually minoritized women (13.9%; $57.6 million), transgender men (8.2%; $37.6 million), and nonbinary people (4.4%; $17.6 million). Only 42.2% of awards explicitly examined racial/ethnic identities of participants.

Conclusions. Although NIH funding for SGM-related research has increased, persistent inequities indicate the need for systemic changes to advance health equity. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(3):374–386. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307913 )
Medical Care or Deportation: Examining Interior Border Checkpoints and Access to Higher-Level Medical Care for Undocumented Immigrants in South Texas
Authors: Blackburn Christine Crudo , Rico Mayra , Hernandez Jessica , Lee Miryoung
Published: January 2025

We examined the impacts of interior border checkpoints on access to higher-level medical care via ground ambulance for undocumented immigrants in South Texas. Using purposive sampling, we conducted interviews (n = 30) with ground ambulance personnel in the lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas. Procedures implemented in 2018 mandate that hospitals notify Border Patrol of a patient’s legal status before transfer. Undocumented immigrants cannot access higher-level medical care through ground ambulance transport without notifying Border Patrol. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(3):292–295. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307927 )
Pose Scoring Model for Refining Multi-Person Poses
Authors: Ghasemi-Naraghi Zeinab , Nickabadi Ahmad , Safabakhsh Reza
Published: January 2025

In multi-person pose estimation, the coordinates of body joints are estimated to predict the body poses of several people in an image. Although significant progress has been made in this area in recent years, the solutions still suffer from certain weaknesses. One weakness is the detection of a larger number of poses than the actual number of human instances in the image. To face this problem, the final poses are often selected by thresholding the detected human scores. This, however, is not optimal because a pose with a lower priority may be assigned a higher score and selected as the final pose. In this paper, we introduce a problem, explain the reason, and present a pose scoring model as a solution. This model predicts the confidence score for the pose based on the human image, the location and the confidence score of the joints and the structure between the joints of the body. We formulate the problem using Conditional Random Fields and introduce suitable potential functions. To infer the best pose score, we design a neural network whose inputs are a human image and an initial pose. To train the model, a lot of training data and corresponding labels should be provided. For this purpose, we introduce Monte Carlo and GAN-based data augmentation methods, and a scoring function to train the model. Also, we investigate the effect of the pose scores on the reliability and accuracy of multi-person pose estimation models. The proposed idea is implemented as a deep neural network and can be easily applied to other multi-person pose estimation models as a model-agnostic method. In addition to the usual pose estimation evaluation metrics, we consider the number of poses to compare the models in terms of reliability. Experiments show that the performance of the proposed model is higher than the state-of-the-art models. Conducting further research can help to simplify and reduce the complexity of the model.
Activation of eIF2α-ATF4 by endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria coupling stress enhances COX2 expression and MSC-based therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Liu Jiaqing , Zhang Xing , Zhao Xiangge , Ren Jinyi , Huang Huina , Zhang Cheng , Chen Xianmei , Li Weiping , Wei Jing , li Xia
Published: January 2025

Background
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) therapy represents a potential therapeutic tool to treat RA, but loss of secretory property post delivery restricted clinical application. It has been verified that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-MSCs exhibited better inhibition on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) T follicular helper cells (Tfh) via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) activation with unknown molecular mechanism, particulary the overall outcome of ERS-modified MSCs on RA.
Methods
To compare the therapeutic efficacy, thapsigargin (TG)-stimulated or unstimulated MSCs were transplantated into collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Joint inflammation was evaluated from general and histological aspects. Splenocytes were isolated and flow cytometry was performed to assess the proportion of T helper 1 (Th1), Th17 and Tfh subsets. During mechanism exploration, TRRUST and Cistrome Data Browser databases were used to analyze transcription factors related to COX2 regulation, as well as target genes regulated by activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Then western blot and qRT-PCR were employed to determine the level of ATF4 in ERS-MSCs. To verify the function of ATF4 in vivo, ATF4-overexpression MSCs were transplanted to CIA mice, joint inflammation, Th1, Th17 and Tfh subsets were analysed. To clear the molecular regulatory mechanism leading to ATF4 activation, protein levels of protein kinase RNA like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/phosphorylated-PERK (p-PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)/phosphorylated-eIF2α (p-eIF2α) were examined. Besides, ATF4 and eIF2α/p-eIF2α were checked after PERK blocking. Subsequently, mitochondrial stress was checked in ERS-MSCs. At last, blocking ERS and mitochondrial stress separately or simultaneously, ATF4 and eIF2α/p-eIF2α were checked again.
Results
Compared with MSCs, ERS-MSCs exhibited better therapeutic efficacy in CIA mice. Public databases and bioinformatics analysis confirmed the regulatory role of ATF4 on COX2 and experimental methods further confirmed ATF4-transfected MSCs diminished the joint inflammation of CIA mice. We also demonstrated that during ERS induction, PERK-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation contributes to elevated ATF4 expression. Besides, mitochondrial stress was also provoked in ERS-MSCs, coupling with ERS synergistically regulated ATF4.
Conclusions
ERS-MSCs exhibited better immunosuppresive ability than un-pretreated MSCs through COX2 overexpression, which was regulated by ATF4. Besides, ERS and mitochondrial stress co-regulate ATF4 expression. This study established a new role of ATF4 in promoting secretory properties of MSC and provided a promising MSC-based therapeutic strategy for RA treatment.
A retrospective repeated cross sectional study assessing changes in the prevalence of apical periodontitis associated with the endodontic status and DMFT scores of patients in two adult cohorts (2008/2009 and 2018/2019) attending a UK dental hospital.
Authors: Mannocci Francesco , morjaria Chetan , Cavalli Filippo
Published: January 2025

Aim:
To compare the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP), endodontic treatments, quality of endodontic treatments and their association with apical radiolucencies and DMFT scores, in patients attending a British National Health Service (NHS) Hospital in 2008-2009 (Cohort 1/C1) and 2018-2019 (Cohort 2/C2).
Methodology
Randomly selected panoramic radiographs of 980 patients, evenly distributed into two cohorts: C1 (2008-2009) and C2 (2018-2019), were retrospectively analysed.
Patient demographics, number of teeth, presence and quality of endodontic treatments, apical radiolucencies in treated and untreated teeth, endodontic treatment quality, apical periodontitis prevalence by tooth type and DMFT scores were compared.
Results: C1 had significantly higher DMFT scores (p<0.001), but similar numbers of teeth to C2. Patients with apical periodontitis had higher DMFT scores and lower number of molars (p<0.001). Similar percentages of untreated teeth had apical periodontitis in C1 (3.4%) and C2 (2.9%) but at a patient level, C2 had significantly fewer endodontic treatments (48.2% vs 41.2%; p=0.015), less apical disease (51%, vs 44%; p=0.04) and fewer endodontically treated teeth (5.5% vs 4.2%; p=0.007). The percentage of endodontically treated teeth with apical periodontitis was similar (29.3%, vs 27.9%). C2 patients had less unsatisfactorily obturated teeth (63.7% vs 57.6%) which was short of significance (p=0.072).
C2 had fewer endodontically treated anterior teeth (p<0.001) but a higher proportion of endodontically treated molars (20.2%, vs 28.7%; p=0.003). A close to significant improvement in the quality of molars’ root canal treatments in C2 was noted (well-obturated teeth C1: 23.48%, c2: 35.11%; p=0.061).
Conclusion
A reduction of caries and endodontic disease burden and a slight improvement in the quality of endodontic treatments in the 2018/2019 cohort was observed. This was not accompanied by increased tooth retention.
Aboveground biomass estimation using multimodal remote sensing observations and machine learning in mixed temperate forest
Authors: Lamahewage Shashika Himandi Gardeye , Witharana Chandi , Riemann Rachel , Fahey Robert , Worthley Thomas
Published: January 2025

Plants sequester carbon in their aboveground components, making aboveground tree biomass a key metric for assessing forest carbon storage. Traditional methods of aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation via Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plots lack sufficient sampling intensity to directly produce accurate estimates at fine granularities. Increasing the sampling intensity with additional FIA plots would be labor and time intensive, particularly for large-scale carbon studies. Utilizing remote sensing (RS) data, such as Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), aerial imagery, and satellite images can significantly enhance the efficiency of forest carbon monitoring efforts. The principal objective of this study is to utilize the random forest (RF) algorithm to build predictive AGB models. We utilized 67 explanatory variables, which were extracted from three RS sources resulting in nine RF models. Each RF model was subjected to variable selection, hyperparameter tuning, and model evaluation. The optimum model considered 28 explanatory variables, with root mean square error (RMSE) of 27.19 Mgha− 1 and R2 of 0.41. Combining LiDAR with image metrics increased the accuracy of prediction models, serving as a pivotal tool for large area biomass mapping and carbon related decision making.
Sonographic Surveillance and Perinatal Outcomes Among Pregnancies with Periviable Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: LeMoine Felicia , Ranzini Angela , Imbroane Marisa , Ghosalkar Esha , Hackney David , Hamburg-Shields Emily
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study compared adverse perinatal outcomes between pregnancies complicated by periviable fetal growth restriction (pFGR) that underwent weekly sonographic surveillance versus serial growth surveillance.
Study Design: In this retrospective cohort study, pFGR was defined as a 22 0/7 – 27 6/7-week singleton, < 500g, and ≤ 10 %. The surveillance group initiated weekly Doppler surveillance while the serial growth (SG) group underwent growth assessment every 3-4 weeks between 22 – 27 6/7 weeks. Adverse perinatal outcomes were compared.
Results: 81 (36.2%) underwent weekly surveillance. Despite no difference in perinatal death, the surveillance group demonstrated a higher rate of obstetric (65.4% versus 42.7%, p < 0.05) and neonatal (60.8% versus 28.4%, p < 0.05) adverse outcome composites compared to the SG group.
Conclusion: The surveillance group experienced increased rates of obstetric and neonatal morbidity without difference in perinatal death though interpretation is limited by the observational nature of this study.
Barriers and Facilitators to PrEP Uptake and Adherence among Adolescent Girls and Young Women Attending Family Planning Clinics in Mulanje District, Malawi: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kayange Martin , Mopamboli Patty , OGBONNA GRACE , Jumbe Vincent
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Malawi, with an 8% HIV prevalence, are disproportionately affected by HIV (1), making PrEP a fundumental prevention mechanism. However, PrEP uptake is affected by individual, interpersonal, community, institutional, and structural factors. Identifying these factors is important to improving HIV prevention and achieving the 95-95-95 HIV goals. This study aims to explore these factors influencing PrEP uptake and adherence among AGYW in Mulanje District, providing understing for targeted interventions to increase PrEP coverage and reduce HIV incidence.
Methods
This research employed a Hybrid Type 1 qualitative design, focusing on Adolescent Girls and Young Women (AGYW) aged 15–24. The study was stratified based on PrEP status, including current users, those identified as eligible but not initiated, and those who have discontinued PrEP. Data collection involved interviews with 30 participants and one focus group discussion with healthcare providers. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify patterns and insights, and the results are presented through a comprehensive narrative and tables highlighting key themes and quotes.
Results
Our analysis revealed several barriers and facilitators to PrEP uptake and adherence among AGYW. Barriers included stigma and social perception, Healthcare accessibility challenges, and limited awareness and education. Facilitators involved social and peer support, healthcare provider engagement, and convenient and responsive services by staffs. Strategies to enhance PrEP adherence included increasing accessibility, awareness campaigns, integrating PrEP with other health services, and peer and social support initiatives. These findings highlight the need for multi-faceted approaches to address barriers and strengthen facilitators to improve PrEP uptake and adherence, and also implement the suggested interventions.
Conclusion
Addressing barriers to PrEP uptake among AGYW in Mulanje District requires a complex approach. Key barriers include stigma, healthcare access issues, and low awareness, while facilitators like involved social and peer support, healthcare provider engagement, and convenient and responsive services by staffs. Recommendations to improve PrEP use include enhancing healthcare access, using peer support, and integrating PrEP with other services, and initiating community awareness campaigns. These strategies are important for overcoming barriers, improving adherence, and supporting HIV prevention in Malawi.
Investigating the selectivity of botanical and synthetic insecticides on Doru luteipes: there is no simple answer
Authors: Santana Emile Dayara Rabelo , Thiesen Leonardo Vinicius , Yamada Mariana , Ramos Gabryele Silva , Bueno Isabella , Ribeiro Leandro do Prado , Yamamoto Pedro Takao
Published: January 2025

To achieve sustainability in agricultural pest management, it is essential to integrate chemical and biological control through selectivity studies. In this study, we evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of both botanical and synthetic insecticides used for controlling the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on its natural enemy Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae). For this purpose, bioassays of mortality, behavior, and transgenerational effects were conducted. Botanical insecticides rich in acetogenins and limonoids caused less than 30% mortality in D. luteipes nymphs (2nd, 3rd, and 4th instars). In contrast, chlorantraniliprole-based insecticide (Premio®) was highly toxic, presenting mortality above 80% at all nymphal stages and reducing predation capacity by 55.97% and walking velocity by 28.44% compared to the control. Aqueous emulsion of the ethanolic extract from Annona mucosa seeds (ESAM) reduced the longevity of the adults to 88.88 days. Chlorantraniliprole resulted in the shortest pre-oviposition period (9.44 days), followed by a limonoids-based botanical insecticide (Azamax®) (11.00 days). Fourth-instar nymphs of the F1 generation showed lower viability (54.54%) in the treatment with aqueous emulsion of the methanolic fraction from Annona montana leaves (EFAMON). The annonin-based commercial botanical insecticide (Anosom®) affected life table parameters, reducing the intrinsic growth rate (rm = 0.039) and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.04). These findings indicate that botanical insecticides are less hazardous to the natural enemy D. luteipes than synthetic insecticide. This study provides important insights for improving pest control while preserving natural enemies.
Efficacy of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Severe Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning Cases: A Real World Experience.
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Prakash Jai , Berwal Kirti , Arya Gaurav , Narwal Varun , Arora Ekal , Kumar Anoop , Yadav Nisha , Chaudhry Dhruva , Dhankar Aman , Arora Sonalika , Yadav Anand Kumar , Singh Jagjeet , Ahuja Aman , Singh Pawan Kumar
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Aluminium Phosphide poisoning is common among agriculture dominant economies especially southeast Asia. Mitochondrial toxicity caused by AlP leads to hemodynamic collapse without any antidote. Mortality is high despite optimum supportive care. In anecdotal studies extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been shown to reduce mortality.
Methods:This was a retrospective single centre study of aluminium phosphide cases managed from 2019 to 2023. Data of all cases who underwent treatment with ECMO was retrieved and analyzed.
Results: Of 182 cases admitted with diagnosis of AlP poisoning 78 underwent VA (veno-arterial) ECMO (mean age 34.4years). 60 (76.9%) had multi-organ dysfunction at the time of presentation. 74 (94.9%) of the subjects had ECG changes. ECMO was initiated in emergency room in 68 (87.2%) whereas in 8 (10.3%) ECMO was initiate during CPR. Most subjects required concurrent renal replacement therapy initiation (53, 67.9%). Mean time to ECMO initiation was 1.48±1.2 hours from arrival to ER. Mean duration of ECMO was 50.1±23.9 hours and mean ICU length of stay was 7.17±5.6 days. Out of 78 cases- 53 survived and 25 expired despite ECMO support. During the hospital stay, 15 (19.2%) developed one or the other ECMO related complications Lactate levels at the time of arrival were significantly higher among the patients who died (p=0.026).
Conclusion: VA-ECMO was found to be associated with significant survival benefit in high risk cases of AlP poisoning. Close monitoring of the blood gas parameters and cardiac function variables is vital for identifying the potentially salvageable cases.
Study on demographic and sociological factors influencing the outcome of vaginal trial of labor for subsequent pregnancies after cesarean section
Authors: Nie Xiaocheng , Chen Lin , Ao Li , Wang Xuan , XU Juncui
Published: January 2025

Objective To explore the demographic and sociological factors influencing the outcome of trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) during subsequent pregnancy, aimed at improving the success rate of TOLAC.
Methods Adopting a prospective nested case-control study.Follow up on the vaginal trial outcomes of 562 pregnant women with scar uterus who met the inclusion criteria.132 cases of scarred uterus transferred to cesarean section were included in the study group and 430 scarred uterus cases of successful vaginal delivery were included in the control group.Compare the differences between the two groups in demographic sociology and obstetric conditions and further conduct correlation analysis on indicators with statistical differences between groups.
Results Single factor comparison between groups showed statistical differences between the two groups in terms of education level, vaginal delivery history over 28 weeks, natural labor, cervical score, and intraspinal delivery analgesia (P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in age and ethnicity(P>0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a negative correlation between educational level and vaginal trial delivery failure in scarred uterus pregnancy (OR=0.692, P<0.05),The negative correlation was discovered between known confounding factors (≥ 28 weeks of vaginal delivery history, natural labor, cervical score, intraspinal delivery analgesia) and TOLAC failure(P<0.05) . There was no interaction between educational level and the various known confounding factors included (OR=1, P>0.05).
Conclusion Educational level is an independent factor affecting the outcome of TOLAC, and there is a negative correlation between educational level and TOLAC failure.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen scientific education, psychological guidance, and psychological support for pregnant women with scarred uterus who have lower educational level in order to improve the success rate of TOLAC.
Stress prediction for slopes based on the VMD-DBO-GRU-A model
Authors: Bai Lichun , Zhao Ronghui , Lin Sen , Chai Zishu , Wang Xuan
Published: January 2025

The stability of open-pit mine slopes is a complex nonlinear system. Stress variation is a significant influencing factor in the occurrence of landslide disasters and is also a key research focus in landslide early warning and risk assessment.However, traditional methods are confronted with challenges, including low prediction accuracy and poor robustness when dealing with nonlinear time series data. In order to address the aforementioned issues, the present paper proposes an intelligent prediction model based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO), combined with an improved Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), which is hereby referred to as the VMD-DBO-GRU-A model.The preliminary preprocessing of open pit mine slope stress data using VMD can provide high decomposition accuracy and can effectively extract localized features in the stress; The method introduces Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO) to determine the number of hidden neuron layers and the optimal learning rate for the GRU. This reduces the uncertainty of model parameters and minimizes the time required for parameter tuning; Self-attention mechanism is also added to assign different weights to the input features, which reduces the dependence on external information and is more adept at capturing the internal relevance of the data or features. In order to verify the validity of the model, experiments are conducted on a self-constructed stress dataset in this paper. The experimental results show that the root-mean-square error of the VMD-DBO-GRU-A model has decreased by 77% and 84% compared with the LSTM and SVM models, respectively, and the coefficient of determination is 0.9978, which fully verifies that the VMD-DBO-GRU-A model has an excellent comprehensive performance and high prediction accuracy, which is of great value for the practical application of landslide early warning for open-pit mines’ slopes.
Energy consumption prediction of PEVs incorporating traffic flow information
Authors: Chen Yong , Song Zeyu , Chen Ruoyu
Published: January 2025

The problem of range anxiety caused by the discrepancy between the mileage on the dashboard and the driving mileage of pure electric vehicles (PEVs) is one of the most important reasons hindering the development of PEVs. Prediction of energy consumption can effectively reduce the driver's range anxiety and provide support for energy management strategies optimization and energy-efficient route plan. To this end, this paper analyzes the effects of velocity, environment and driving style on energy consumption from the real driving data of PEVs. Based on the analysis, a driving condition prediction method combining with real-time traffic information is proposed, and integrated into the energy consumption prediction model. The real-world trip test results show that the prediction errors of RMSE and MAPE of the proposed method are respectively reduced by 66.37% and 68.10% compared to the conventional method.
Optical Properties of Cr Thin Films as Substrates for Microalgae Detection Using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry based Sensor
Authors: Herawati Asmida , Khasanah Riza Ariyani Nur , Santoso Iman , Suharyadi Edi
Published: January 2025

Developing sensitive and reliable sensors for detecting microalgae is vital for various environmental and industrial applications. This study investigates the potential of chromium (Cr) thin films as substrates in spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE)-based sensors. Optical properties of Cr thin films (20–75 nm) were characterized using SE, showing a strong thickness dependence that directly impacts their suitability for sensing technologies. For 75 nm Cr thin films, the optical constants n and k closely align with those of bulk Cr, resulting in high reflectance, low absorption, and stable performance across a broad light spectrum, making 75 nm film particularly well-suited for multi-wavelength sensing applications. In contrast, as the thickness decreases, quantum confinement effects become increasingly pronounced, particularly at 30 nm and 20 nm. This leads to modified optical responses, such as increased n and k particularly at specific photon energy ranges, due to enhanced electron-photon interactions. The tunable optical properties of Cr thin films make them adaptable for applications requiring customized responses. Optimal conditions for microalgae detection were identified with a Cr thin film thickness of 75 nm, and photon energy range of 2.65‒3.30 eV. This was confirmed by a significant change in the ellipsometry parameter Δ (40.63°), indicating high sensitivity under these parameters. These findings pave the way for the development of highly sensitive and specific SE-based sensors using Cr thin films as substrates, offering promising advancements in the detection of microalgae for environmental and industrial applications.
Structural and Nanomechanical Properties of Silicon Single Crystals Grown by the Czochralski Method
Authors: Dikici Tuncay , Yıldırım Serdar
Published: January 2025

The rapid advancements in the fields of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data analysis and internet of things have expanded the use of electronic devices and increased the demand for semiconductors. The Czochralski method, the most common and effective production technique for these materials, allows the production of single-crystal forms of elements such as Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), and various semiconductor compounds. In this study, the crystal structure, surface morphology and mechanical properties of a Si wafer, prepared by slicing a single crystal Si ingot grown by the Czochralski method, were determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation methods, respectively. XRD analysis of the silicon wafer confirmed its single-crystal structure, showing a cubic lattice structure and a single peak on the (100) plane, while SEM and AFM analyses determined that the surface is smooth, even, and undamaged. Hardness and elastic modulus values for the Si wafer, calculated from indentation tests using a Berkovich tip under different loads, were determined to be an average of 19 GPa and 255 GPa, respectively. These results hold vital importance for the advancement of semiconductor technologies. The design and production of electronic devices with superior performance and durability can be achieved with a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of the materials.
Investigating the Relationship between Soil Gas Radon and Soil Permeability by Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Erzin Selin
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the relationship between soil gas radon concentration (CRn) and soil permeability (k). To accomplish this, a single linear regression analysis (SLRA) model and an artificial neural network (ANN) model were built from 142 soil gas CRn and k measurements collected from the literature. When soil gas CRn values predicted by both models were compared with those measured, the ANN model outperformed the SLRA model. Furthermore, several performance metrics, including correlation coefficient, root mean square error, relative absolute error, and mean absolute error were determined to examine the prediction capabilities of SLRA and ANN models. The metrics obtained demonstrated that the ANN model exhibited superior performance to the SLRA model, thereby showing the accuracy and applicability of the ANN model for forecasting soil gas CRn values. The study's findings indicated that the developed ANN model may be utilized to forecast soil gas CRn values based on soil k values.
An Energy-efficient Parallel ASIC Implementation of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm Robust against Side-channel Attacks
Authors: Ünal Serdar , Başkaya Faik
Published: January 2025

Encryption becomes more crucial than ever in an increasingly interconnected world. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is still considered secure after more than 20 years thanks to its mathematical properties. However, side-channel attacks (SCA) threaten improper AES implementations. In this paper, different AES implementations are introduced, and their resistances against power SCA, namely Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) attack, are shown. For energy efficiency, the increase in power consumption due to the extras added for countering SCA was minimized by register-level organizations and process-related optimizations. Different AES implementations were constructed and processed through Cadence ASIC flow (TSMC 65 nm LP technology). SCA resistance was evaluated using the ChipWhisperer platform operating on realistic power consumption values obtained after RTL-to-GDSII flow. The results demonstrate that pipelining and unrolling the AES rounds increase the SCA resistance at the expense of a minimal reduction in energy efficiency. The proposed implementations are suitable for use with different side-channel attack countermeasures.
TO STUDY THE DETERMINANTS, KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF INITIATION OF BREAST-FEEDING PRACTICES AMONGST MOTHERS DELIVERED AT OUR TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, BJGMC, Pune., Deshmukh Isha , Pawar Sameer ,   Assistant Professor, Pediatrics., Kachare Abhinav ,   Assistant Professor, Pediatrics., Sardar Suvidha ,   Assistant Professor, Pediatrics., Kinikar A.A. ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatrics, BJGMC, Pune.
Published: January 2025

Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure child health and survival. However, contrary to WHO recommendations, fewer than half of infants under 6 months old are exclusively breastfed.1 Breastmilk is the ideal food for infants. It is safe, clean and contains antibodies which help protect against many common childhood illnesses. Breastmilk provides all the energy and nutrients that the infant needs for the first months of life, and it continues to provide up to half or more of a childs nutritional needs during the second half of the first year, and up to one third during the second year of life.1Early breastfeeding is defined as the initiation of breastfeeding within 24 hours of birth. While the benefits of breastfeeding have been known for decades, only recently has the role of time to initiation of breastfeeding in neonatal mortality and morbidity been assessed.

Objective: To review the evidence for early breastfeeding initiation practices and to estimate the association between timing and neonatal outcomes.

Results: The mean age was 35 years and mean time to initiate breast feeds was 1 hour. Significantly more time for initiation of breast feeding was seen with Pre term VD and LSCS breech. . No significant difference in the mean time based on the gravida Hence as the complications increase in severity, the mean time for initiation of breast feeding also increases.The questionnaire was prepared for knowledge , attitude and breast feeding practices in post natal care unit in our Sassoon General Hospital, Pune.

Conclusion: We evaluated the knowledge of 300 mothers in Post natal care unit ward about breast feeding basics. This study demonstrates that early breastfeeding initiation is a simple intervention that has the potential to significantly improve neonatal outcomes and should be universally recommended. The9 mechanism by which early initiation of breastfeeding reduces neonatal deaths is unclear, although the most likely pathway is by decreasing severe illnesses leading to sepsis. This study explores the effect of breastfeeding initiation time on early newborn danger signs and severe illness.
SOCIAL DRINKERS THRIVE IN THEIR COMMUNITY AS PER MEDICAL SCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY
Authors:   BTECH (Bioinfo), CFA (ICFAI), CLO at ML360 Educations Pvt. Ltd., Kumar Prabhat
Published: January 2025

The study investigates the dual impact of alcohol consumption on health and social dynamics, challenging its traditional characterization solely as a health risk. By combining data from questionnaire-based studies, pub observations, and a national survey conducted by CAMRA, the research reveals that moderate alcohol consumption in communal settings fosters social engagement, strengthens community trust, and expands support networks. Drawing inspiration from Dr. Harivansh Rai Bachchans Madhushala, the analysis aligns philosophical insights on alcohols unifying potential with scientific findings on its ability to enhance social bonding through endorphin activation.While acknowledging alcohols risks, including addiction and health complications such as cardiovascular diseases and liver damage, the paper emphasizes its potential to improve emotional well-being and interpersonal trust. Comparative analyses across cultural contexts-ranging from alcohol-prohibitive regions in India to celebratory cultures like Ireland-offer a nuanced perspective on its societal implications, including effects on productivity, crime rates, and happiness indices.The findings advocate for a balanced view of alcohol consumption, highlighting its potential to enhance social cohesion when moderated and contextualized within informed community practices. This research contributes to ongoing discussions on alcohols role in shaping individual health and societal structures, encouraging further interdisciplinary exploration of its multifaceted impacts.
Women and Children as Victims of Financial-based Violence in Online Gambling Circles: A Criminological Approach to Criminal Law and Rehabilitation Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Kamalludin Iqbal
Published: January 2025

Online gambling in Indonesia increasingly exposes women and children to financial-based violence, making them vulnerable groups. Despite the rise in online gambling, current legal policies and rehabilitation programs have failed to fully address its harmful social effects. This study analyzes the criminogenic factors that contribute to victimization among women and children and evaluates the effectiveness of criminal law policies and rehabilitation programs in safeguarding them. Through a normative legal research method, utilizing legislative analysis, criminology, and case studies, the findings reveal that existing policies are inadequate and overlook the complexity of financial violence in this context. Rehabilitation programs also tend to be less effective, focusing primarily on legal and therapeutic approaches while neglecting broader social, economic, and cultural influences. This research proposes a more comprehensive and rehabilitative policy framework that not only seeks to punish offenders but also prioritizes prevention, reducing violence recurrence, and enhancing social reintegration for victims.
Charting Equality: Women's Rights and Inheritance Law Reform
Authors: Hidayati Nuzulia Febri , Andriyati Nofica , Billah Mu’tashim
Published: January 2025

The discussions around inheritance law highlight differences in quantity, potentially leading to discrimination claims without fully considering the legal rationale. The study explores how women can assert equality within diverse legal frameworks shaped by cultural contexts. This study using qualitative methods and case studies gather data to understand how women have developed unique legal cultures and sub-cultures. Findings suggest that women can advocate for gender justice within varying legal constitutions as long as they ensure protective measures are in place. Ultimately, for inheritance law to remain relevant and equitable, it must accommodate women’s perspectives and provide a foundation that respects their rights, ensuring that the law serves society fairly and inclusively without marginalizing any group.