bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competitiveness of rural areas: formation, assessment, growth reserves aspects
Authors: Bukhtiyarova T I , Semin A N , Demyanov D G , Tenetko A A , Nemykina Yu S
Published: September 2020

New models for organizing agricultural production and management are the basis for the stability of rural development trends in the long term. The study presents the main directions of improving institutional environment of government, business structures and population in order to ensure the economic growth of agro-industrial complex and rural territories. The authors propose to consider changes in the methodology for assessing the organizational and economic potential of rural development as a direction for improving the system of managing rural areas. The authors consider the algorithm for assessing the rural territories development, which include characterizing certain aspects of rural territories socio-economic development, their comparative analysis, integrated assessment, selecting factors of changes in the rural territories socio-economic development and forecasting the parameters of this development. The degree of effective interaction between the subjects made it possible for the authors to highlight two basic models of interacting between state power, business and population of the territory: territories with great growth potential and territories in which there are significant reserves for growth in this direction and territories for which it is important to mobilize the state’s efforts and the private sector in order to search for innovative sources of development stimulation and the population life quality.
Nutritional value and productivity of perennial grasses used in animal feeding when creating cultural phytocenoses
Authors: Dolgopolova N V , Furman Yu N , Lebedko Y Ya
Published: September 2020

The natural and technological properties of land and the conditions of the territory are determined by landforms, the contour of the fields and their fragmentation, and a number of other indicators related to the geographical conditions of the area. Their influence on agricultural activity and production is manifested directly through the features of the soil cover. Long-term studies carried out by employees of the Kursk Agricultural Academy have shown that the problem of restoring disturbed lands in the Kursk magnetic anomaly region can be successfully solved. One of the promising areas for the development of disturbed lands is the cultivation of perennial grasses directly on overburden. In the experiments, chalk, sands, soil mixtures, silts of the Jurassic, rocks of the Devonian system were used as a substrate for growing perennial herbs. In terms of chemical composition, these rocks are non-toxic and non-saline, at the same time they are poor in organic matter (0.1–0.4%) and mobile nutrients. The mechanical composition (except chalk) is light. Overburden rocks are characterized by increased bulk density (1.50-2.02 g/cm3 and solid phase density (2.70–2.86 g/m3). According to the four-membered classification of A M Burykin, the studied rocks are conditionally suitable and should be used for afforestation and tinning.
Natural features and rational use of water resources in rice irrigation systems of Kazakhstan
Authors: Rau A G , Kadasheva Zh K , Rau G A , Meranzova R
Published: September 2020

Akdala rice irrigation system is located on a high above-floodplain terrace of the Ili river basin, the geological structure of the top layer of soil is represented by 50 varieties that affect the rate of water consumption and rice yield. The soils are alluvial-meadow and takyr, the lithological composition of the aeration zone soils is characterized by a wide variety, differing in mechanical composition, water-physical properties and the degree of salinity. Water filtration on sandy loam, light loam, loam with layers of sandy loam rice paddies during rice irrigation constitutes 12-17 mm/day, which provides water renewal in rice paddies and removal of salts from the root layer of the soil. Rice is grown without flow and discharge of water from rice paddies, the rice yield is 6,8 t/ha and higher. Water filtration on heavy loam, loam with layers of clay soils rice paddies during rice irrigation constitutes 5-3 mm/day. On these soils, due to the convective diffusion of salts from the soil and from ground water, the salinity of water on rice paddies increases and reaches the critical threshold of toxicity of 2,5 g/l. To reduce the salinity of water in the paddies, water is discharged, with subsequent flooding from the irrigation channel, the rice yield is 4,8 t/ha. The rice paddies water balance of the incoming and outgoing is stable. In the aeration zone during the irrigation period desalination occurs in salt balance; in autumn-winter period salts from the lower horizons are redistributed to the upper ones. Rice cultivation, taking into account the geological structure and lithological composition of soils in the aeration zone, provides a profit per hectare of 86,988 tg/ha, the profitability ratio is 25,5%.
Municipal solid waste landfills as a source of mycotoxins contamination in soil
Authors: Mosina L V , Chupakhina G N , Maslennikov P V , Zhandarova J A , Dovletyarova E A
Published: September 2020

The authors analyse the results of mycological studies of the soil of one of the largest solid waste landfills in the Moscow region - the Salaryevo solid waste landfill. The agroecological and geochemical characteristics of the contaminated soil are explored. The authors studied the phytotoxicity of soil fungi, using Pisum sativum L as an object of analysis. The number of microscopic fungi in the contaminated soil increased 7 times, the phytotoxic fungi of the genus Alternaria, were 1.8 times higher than the reference level. Penicillium decreased by almost 30%. In many soil samples, fungi of the genus Fusarium were found. An increase in the number of fungi of the genus Alternaria had phytotoxic effect: in pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.), a slower growth of roots and seedlings was observed.
Productivity and nutritional value of natural forage lands on gullies and gullies
Authors: Dolgopolova N V , Furman Yu N , Lebedko Y Ya
Published: September 2020

When creating environmentally sustainable agricultural landscapes, an important role is given to the rational use of the lands of the hydrographic fund, especially ravine-gully. These lands experience the greatest erosion load, since water flows from them from the entire catchment area through them. They are more affected by ravines and need reclamation not only from the standpoint of increasing land productivity, but also from the standpoint of protecting rivers and reservoirs from the products of flushing transported through these systems. In addition, the prevention of new ravine formation, the suspension of growth or the reclamation of ravines on these lands will save from the destruction of arable land on the slopes adjacent to the beam network. According to the agro-ecological state of the lands of the hydrographic fund, it is possible to judge the anti-erosion structure of the arable land and, in general, the agrolandscape. In the Central Black Earth Zone, due to the considerable plowing of the territory, the lands of the hydrographic fund are mainly occupied by natural fodder land, the yield of which does not exceed 40 kg / ha of green mass. More than half of the area of these lands is eroded, and about 120 thousand hectares are affected by ravines and practically excluded from agricultural use.
Identification of the emergent pestivirus infections of small ruminants in Tajikistan
Authors: Anoyatbekova A M , Alexeenkova S V , Yurov K P
Published: September 2020

The efficacy of measures against peste des petits ruminants in Tajikistan possibly reduced through spreading of other viral infectious diseases. Pestiviruses are among these infections. Information on pestiviruses distribution in sheep and goats farms in Tajikistan is extremely limited. The obtained results of our studies showed that the border disease virus (Pestivirus D) is participating in the infectious pathology of small ruminants’ herds in Tajikistan. Pestivirus D was detected by serology, virological and molecular-genetic methods. In addition, the contamination of a series of peste des petits ruminants virus vaccine with Hobi-like pestivirus (Pestivirus H) was established. We hope that the findings of our research will improve the implementation of the International Program for the control and eradication of peste des petits ruminants.
The estimate agricultural market in the conditions of strategic development
Authors: Kovaleva I V , Filimonova N G , Ozerova M G , Strelzowa T V
Published: September 2020

The intensification of competition in industrial commodity markets necessitates the study of their condition with the identification of development trends and prospects. Crop production sectors are traditionally strategic in the Russian Federation, including in terms of expanding export supplies of agricultural raw materials and food. Steady growth in export supplies of grain crops and sunflower oil brought Russia to second place in the world. The development of crop industries involves the technical re-equipment of the industry. The analysis shows the negative dynamics of decline the level of technical equipment of the industry, which is explained by a number of reasons with the predominance of economic factors. In the Altai Territory, despite positive changes in the level of equipment with fixed assets, the problem of modernization and rearmament remains relevant.
Improvement of allergic diagnostics of animals under the conditions of Uzbekistan
Authors: Ulugmuradov A D , Saidov A A , Ruzimurodov M A
Published: September 2020

This article presents preliminary results of our own scientific and experimental studies of specificity, antigenic activity, safety, reactogenicity, and other properties of various allergic diagnostic tests made from strains of brucella with different species and virulent affiliation as the expected standards of industrial crops. As a result of the studies, Uzbek analogues of the standards of production strains of brucella strains intended for the manufacture of allergy diagnostics have been developed.
Index of economic and useful characteristics of red-and-white cattle breed depending on the breed of the used breeding bulls
Authors: Ryzhova N G , Volohov I M , Anashkin A G
Published: September 2020

The article deals with influence of pedigree of breeding bulls on indexes of economic and useful signs of red-and-white cattle breed. The degree of realization of the genetic potential for milk productivity in the descendants of red-and-white cattle breed bulls is almost 20% higher than in cows obtained from Holstein producers, with minimal differences in the indicators of average productivity of heifers. The duration of economic use of cows and the yield of milk for 1 day of life is significantly higher than that of cows obtained from Holstein bulls. In the total variance of traits, the breed of the breeding bulls affects the indicators of milk productivity by no more than 6.3%, and the reproduction quality by no more than 4.2%.
Effect of high hydrostatic pressure in combination with low salt content for the improvement of texture and palatability of meat gels
Authors: Maksimenko Anastasiia , Kikuchi Ryo , Tsutsuura Satomi , Nishiumi Tadayuki
Published: September 2020

The effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment of 200 MPa for 10 min at room temperature in combination with salt (sodium chloride) and phosphate (sodium pyrophosphate) addition on the microstructure and sensory characteristics of beef gels were investigated. Sensory evaluation was involving students and staff of the Niigata University, using Scheffe’s paired comparison method with grade. Gel microstructure was observed using scanning electron microscopy (JSM-6510LA, JEOL LTD., Japan). The free amino acid content of beef gels was analyzed by an amino acid analyzer (JLC-500/V, JEOL LTD., Japan). The results of sensory evaluation revealed that high pressure at 200 MPa improved the cohesiveness and springiness (elasticity) while significantly decreasing the softness in low salt and/or low phosphate beef gels (p < 0.05). Irrespective of the salt and/or phosphate content in the beef samples, panellists noted that the pressurized beef gels were firmer, more elastic, and more pleasant to bite. The scanning electron microscopy images revealed that high pressure treatment at 200 MPa produced a dense, homogeneous networked structure with small cavities for water retention in low salt beef gels. The total free amino acid content of low salt and/or low phosphate beef gels was increased by high pressure at 200 MPa (p < 0.05). The present study confirmed that high hydrostatic pressure at 200 MPa was effective in producing low salt and/or low phosphate beef gels while providing high quality textural and organoleptic properties.
Impediments to the development of Nigeria’s agricultural exports
Authors: Gavrilova Nina G
Published: September 2020

Until the 1960s, Nigeria exported many types of agricultural products: peanuts, peanut butter, cocoa beans, rubber, palm oil. The main cash crop was cocoa. However, as a result of neglecting the agricultural sector and focusing on the oil sector, Nigeria has turned from an exporter of agricultural products into a major food importer. The country continues to export cocoa, oil seeds and fruits, tobacco, animal skins, fruits and nuts, and agricultural products have been occupying the second place in export earnings after petroleum products throughout the years. However, the share of these goods in the total exports is insignificant. The successive Nigerian governments tried to launch their own programs for the development of agricultural production, the implementation of which would diversify exports. Over the past 50 years, this objective has not been met: 96% of export revenues still come from the sale of petroleum products. The author of the paper makes an attempt to identify factors that impede the stable development of the production of agricultural products for export. The identification of these factors should allow us to understand why the country has failed to diversify its export revenues by increasing the share of agricultural goods intended for export.
Budget risks in the management of small businesses in rural areas
Authors: Parushina N V , Lytneva N A , Khanenko M E , Starostin M G , Klimoshenko M I
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the concept of budget risks, especially their identification and assessment. The necessity of assessing budget risks in the distribution of budget allocations to support and stimulate the activities of small forms of farming in the countryside is substantiated. Grants and subsidies are allocated for the development of rural areas and infrastructure, the provision of housing for young professionals and farmers. The goal of developing a budget risk management policy, its control and audit is to bring financial resources to a specific addressee, prevent corruption-hazardous operations, meet the targets of national projects and rural development programs. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive, risk-based approach to the formation of a small business management system, the main tools of which are external and internal control and audit. The results are based on the author’s development of regulations and working control documents for departments of the Department of Agriculture.
Analysis of conformity with quality and safety requirements of fruits and vegetables sold on the Russian market
Authors: May I V , Nikiforova N V
Published: September 2020

The effectiveness of agribusiness is determined by many factors, including the degree of confidence of supervisory authorities and consumers in the manufacturer and its products. A high degree of trust and a positive image is formed by the history of inspections of agricultural producers and the absence of consumer complaints about the quality or safety of goods. An analysis of the results of the compliance of fruits and vegetables marketed in the Russian Federation with quality and safety requirements allows business entities and supervisory authorities to assess priority risks, to formulate action plans to minimize or eliminate them. During the study, an analysis of the results of the control and supervision measures of the sanitary service in relation to fruits and vegetables for the period 2014-2019 was performed. It has been established that most of the products are of high quality and safe. The proportion of non-standard samples ranges from 0.3%-2.7%. The main violations of the mandatory requirements for quality and safety of fruits and vegetables are recorded in relation to the content of microbiological agents, chemicals, physical and chemical indicators. The largest share of non-standard samples on the content of chemicals in the product falls on nitrates, mycotoxins, cadmium. The priority risk factors for mismatch in gourds are physicochemical parameters and nitrate content; in table greens - microbiological indicators and the content of nitrates and cadmium, in fruits and berries - the content of radionuclides (mainly Cesium-137), etc. The results can be used by representatives of agribusiness to plan activities to prevent non-compliance, improve the quality and safety of agricultural products, and supervisory authorities to organize a risk-oriented model of goods control.
Precision agriculture in the Russian Federation: problems and directions in development
Authors: Kulyasov N S , Novik N N , Klyukin N D , Charyyarova G D
Published: September 2020

The paper is devoted to the analysis of problems and the search for ways to develop precision agriculture in the Russian Federation. The study analyzed the current state of precision agriculture and the level of digitalization of agriculture in the Russian Federation. The main problems for the development of precision agriculture in the Russian Federation were identified. The main problems in the development of precision agriculture include the lack of a legal framework governing the handling of data and information, the lack of government measures to support the methods of precision agriculture, etc. As a result of the study, a model for the interaction of factors in the development of precision agriculture was proposed, the implementation of which will accelerate the development of digital rural infrastructure locality, the widespread introduction of innovative technological solutions of precision agriculture, will increase the efficiency of state regulation of the industry and will contribute to the formation of a digital institutional environment in agriculture of the Russian Federation. The study concludes with key findings and results.
New ecological and economic horizons in poultry
Authors: Zazykina L A , Gusev V A , Sysoeva I G
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the reduction of harmful emissions into the environment, the production of organic (bio) products, with increasing demand from the population, describes the experience of using an adsorbent - activated carbon in poultry farming, and provides biochemical data on the effectiveness of our method. The authors analyze various types of pollution, highlighting the role and importance of harmful emissions in the agricultural sector. Moreover, as the researchers note, there is a demand for environmentally friendly agricultural products. The global environmental problems, a significant part of which is the utilization and use of litter, makes us look for ways to reduce harmful factors in poultry farming. On the other hand, the consumption of nitrogen fertilizers in crop production requires metered application. The use of organic fertilizers with the addition of adsorbents is more effective, since the desorption process allows you to saturate the soil with nitrogen gradually, without polluting the sown area.
Value and role of the strategic management in the development of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Dalisova N A , Sharopatova A V , Karaseva M V
Published: September 2020

The problems of strategic management by agricultural production have specific peculiarities and they are always modern and actual. Therefore, strategic interest of modern organizations is the adaptation to the impact of the external environment and maintenance its sustainable development. One of the key stages in the economic activity in any agricultural organization is the development and implementation of the development strategy. This is largely determined by the characteristics of the strategic management object. It helps agricultural enterprises to be competitive both in home and foreign markets.
Texture-modified foods for the elderly and people with dysphagia: insights from Japan on the current status of regulations and opportunities of the high pressure technology
Authors: Maksimenko Anastasiia , Lyude Anna , Nishiumi Tadayuki
Published: September 2020

The group of people aged 60 and over is expanding worldwide. Whereas the group aged over 80 years is growing fastest among all population segments. There is an increasing necessity to provide the elderly with balanced and functional nutrition aimed to maintain healthy aging and prevent diseases and, at the same time to cope with the special needs of people with masticatory and swallowing dysfunctions. This study outlines the current situation with elderly-oriented foods in Russia and the rapidly aging Japan. The study demonstrates that in Japan, there is a regulation system and commercial products tailored for older people, particularly those with dysphagia and/or need for special nutrition. However, providing appetizing and healthful products with a modified texture for the safe and nutritious diet of seniors remains an unresolved issue for the food industry in both countries. The study presents basic physiological disorders associated with food intake and specific aging-related nutritional needs to be considered when developing food for the elderly. Qualification of texture-modified products is given. A review of the recent research indicates that high pressure technology has feasible potential in developing healthy foods, including processed meat and fish products with reduced content of food additives, foods for the aging population, and people with dysphagia.
Evaluation of shape and asymmetry in rye leaf
Authors: Baranov S G , Zykov I E , Kuznetsova D D , Antsyshkina A M , Fedorova L V
Published: September 2020

The variability of bilateral structures is associated with the stability of development; the populations attribute which characterizes homeostasis of plant development at the epigenetic level. A violation in the functioning of regulatory proteins creates a deviation from the norm in fluctuating asymmetry, as a measure of ontogenetic noise. To test the variability of the shape and asymmetry of winter rye leaf plates depending on the dose of mineral fertilizer, we used the Generalized Procrustes analysis and the thin splines method. A small dose (N90P90K90) caused the apical growth and the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf plate, indicating a reduced development stability of the population (p <0.0001), the “side” factor was statistically insignificant. The interaction side × individual was statistically significant at both doses of fertilizer. The bending energy of the thin spline was higher (p = 0.001) in population with an increased dose of fertilizer (N90P90K90) and high directional asymmetry (“side”; p <0.0001). The authors consider that a high dose of fertilizer contributed to the synthesis of cells in the medial part of the leaf blade and caused asymmetry in a mix of fluctuating and directional asymmetry. Thus, an increased dose of mineral fertilizer enhanced the growth of the lateral part of the leaf blade and led to directional asymmetry, which reduced the asymmetric variability and increased the variability of the shape in the leaf blade.
Development of a neural network to control the process of cleaning the pyrolysis fraction from acetylene compounds
Authors: Muravyova E A
Published: September 2020

The process of purification of the pyrolysis fraction from acetylene compounds is one of the stages in the production of butadiene. The efficiency of purification of the pyrolysis fraction many factors. Artificial neural networks are selected for the development of a process control system due to the fact that they are fault tolerant. In a neural network, information is distributed throughout the network, which means if a neuron fails, the behavior of the network will be changed slightly, the behavior of neurons will change, but the network itself continues to function successfully. It is necessary to develop a neural network to control the process of purification of the pyrolysis fraction from acetylene compounds. To minimize the loss of butadiene, it is proposed to use a more efficient control system that will take into account the optimal ratio of butadiene to acetylene and the flow rate of the fraction, which significantly affect the yield of butadiene. As a result of the training, a neural network was obtained which, without reconfiguring the connection weights, generates output signals when any set of input signals from the training set is fed to the network input.
Algorithm design for optimization of service requests for repair
Authors: Rossihina L V , Kalach A V , Akulov A Yu , Sysoeva T P , Kravchenko A S
Published: September 2020

Statement of the problem of service request for repair is formalized and algorithms of solution are presented. An algorithm is designed for the service of the greatest number of requests for repair within the established deadlines. An algorithm is proposed for constructing the optimal sequence of servicing repair requests. The optimal sequence is determined basing on the least total time of delays while completion of the requests service within the established deadlines. Usage of the optimization algorithms for the service of requests for repair in certain examples.
Training for the mining and metallurgical industry based on electronic educational technologies
Authors: Dyorina N V , Velikanov V S , Rabina E I , Zalavina T Yu
Published: September 2020

Improving the quality of the equipment use for its intended purpose largely depends on the proficiency of the drivers and maintenance personnel. With the excavator’s highly skilled control, the change in load over time is stationary in nature, with a mathematical expectation within the nominal values. At the same time, when a driver with low qualification is working, the loading of the main drives is strongly marked, unstable, and oscillatory in nature and increases sharply over a very short period of time, reaching values close to stop, which adversely affects the operation of the main excavator components, especially in poorly trained faces and in cold climates. The work defines the possibility of using electronic educational technologies, in accordance with the main structural components of educational and cognitive activities; the didactic components of the developed educational system include: meaningful component, operational-active and evaluative-effective components.
On the development of information technologies in the agro-industrial complex of modern Russia
Authors: Fastovich G G , Kapsargina S A
Published: September 2020

The article forms a number of features and problems of legal regulation of information technologies in relation to the agro-industrial complex of modern Russia. The article examines the features of legal protection of personal data under current legislation, and provides a doctrinal legal and law enforcement analysis of the implementation of personal data protection. In the course of the analysis, the authors come to the conclusion that information technologies determine largely the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex of modern Russia.
Formation of a digital agricultural development system
Authors: Romanova Ju A , Morkovkin D E , Romanova Ir N , Artamonova K A , Gibadullin A A
Published: September 2020

Within the framework of the presented study, the scientific indicators of agriculture were analyzed, which indicate a reduction in the corresponding specialists capable of ensuring a high-quality transition of agriculture to digital technologies. The analyzed indicators for specialists in the field of information and communication technologies, involved in various fields of activity, reflected that only 0.5% of all relevant specialists are employed in agriculture, while indicators of the use of digital technologies by highly qualified agricultural specialists are at a low level. Based on the findings, the paper proposed a model for digital transformation of agriculture, which should be based on factor management, and an analysis of the readiness or unpreparedness of agriculture to ensure a high-quality transition to digital technologies.
The formation of the database information component in the genetic monitoring of Siberian forms of barley
Authors: Shevtsova L N , Bronov S A , Shmeleva Z N
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the formation and the replenishment of a set of the database parameters with the spring barley genetic and economic-valuable indicators, related, inter alia, to modifications of data representation graphical forms and the choice of data manipulation technologies. The visibility and the advantage of graphical forms in the MS Access database in displaying electrophoretic spectra of barley hordeins and conducting genetic monitoring of spring barley forms by hordeins are revealed.
Virtual model of an induction motor with rotor eccentricity
Authors: Prudnikov A Yu , Bonnet V V , Loginov A Yu
Published: September 2020

A squirrel-cage induction motor is the most common motor used to drive working machines in various technological processes, including in the agricultural sector. A sufficiently large resource is laid in them by the manufacturer, but in practice the engine serves much less, due to various factors, including imperfection of diagnostic systems. Failure analysis showed that one of the common causes of failure is increased bearing wear. An increase in the rotor eccentricity is the main diagnostic parameter of this malfunction, for the detection of which a diagnostic method was developed that allows using the indirect indicator, the rotor speed, to evaluate the technical condition of the engine bearings. To identify the dependence of diagnostic parameters on the technical condition, a virtual model of an asynchronous motor with rotor eccentricity was built. The model is implemented using a package of applied mathematical programs and allows you to simulate the operation of an induction motor in various modes, such as starting, idling, steady state with the ability to change the nature of the load. As a result, we obtained the dependences of the angular velocity of rotation of the rotor, stator current, and torque on the shaft versus time for various technical conditions of the engine.
Application of the IoT technology in agriculture
Authors: Titovskaia N V , Titovskaya T S , Titovskii S N
Published: September 2020

The article describes the importance of the Internet of Things (IoT) for modern society, and in particular for agriculture. The problems that hinder the successful implementation of the Internet of things in the Russian agricultural sector are revealed. The six-level architecture of the Internet of things is described. The article describes RFID technology, various network technologies. Examples and possible applications of the Internet of things in the Russian agricultural sector are given.
An interplay of annual temperature variation and NDVI figures in clustering of small watersheds
Authors: Erunova M G , Sadovsky M G
Published: September 2020

Previously, highly informative clustering of small watersheds provided over the annual temperature course has been reported. Here we report on the interplay between the pattern and the distribution of NDVI figures. Very high concordance between the cluster structure and the indices values is found.
Genetic parameters of productivity and exterior traits of dairy cattle
Authors: Batanov S D , Starostina O S , Baranova I A
Published: September 2020

The aim of the scientific research was to study the regularity of the phenotypic traits development for dairy cows genetic potential fulfilment at various conditions of use. The scientific experimental researches were based on the Kholmogory and the Black-and-White cows bred. Cows sampled population was equal to 355 specimens. No significant difference was detected in the course of the analysis of dependence between the cow exterior traits and their linear origin, however, truly wide hip width was observed for the cattle of the Wes Back Ideal line. Milk-yield values of cows of different linear origin give the evidence of unreliable difference both in terms of milk yield (by 1.6-2.1%) and fat (by 0.02-0.03%) and protein (by 0.02-0.03%) content of milk. The “Environment” factor demonstrated significant influence on fat content of milk (34.4%), the hip width (27.3%), milk yield during the lactation cycle (19.1%), the productivity index (18.4%), and the width of chest (16.3%). The “Line” factor power was high enough and varied between 24.4 and 33.4%. It was determined that the “Line” factor substantially influenced on the parameters characterizing an individual group of the phenotypic traits as a whole, such as the constitution index (30.2%) and the productivity index (27.9%).
Analysis of accumulated precipitation based on satellite data in Central Siberia
Authors: Yakubailik O E , Yakubailik T V
Published: September 2020

Central and southern regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are chosen for the study of precipitation in this investigation. Precipitation using satellite data taken from the NASA IMERG-V06 dataset has been explored. It has been compared with the daily data from weather stations received from the NOAA GSOY archive and with the CPC Unified V1.0/RT dataset based on the interpolation of data of the ground-based weather stations. High degree correspondence between the studied data sets has been revealed using statistical indicators.
Optimization of the magnetic system of a VR machine for traction electric drives in agriculture
Authors: Zakharov E A , Tulegenov E M
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to optimize a VR machine for traction electric drives in agriculture, as well as to identify its advantages and disadvantages, to compare an electric drive based on a test machine with an asynchronous electric drive of the same size. The optimal ratio of the elements of the magnetic system of the electromechanical converter based on the VR machine. It is shown that the overload capacity of an electric drive with a VR machine is about 25%. The specific electromagnetic moment of the studied machine is 30% higher than the corresponding indicator of an asynchronous machine of the same size in the nominal operating mode. The disadvantage of this machine is its low power factor, only 7%. This is due to the small ratio of conductivities along the longitudinal and transverse axes of the machine due to the large number of stator and rotor teeth. The problem is solved by introducing additional DC or AC windings on the stator. It is shown that a change in the air gap significantly affects the specific moment. Only by reducing by 2 times the air gap managed to increase the moment by 48%.
The research of multiversion methods for improving the fault tolerance of software systems for monitoring the parameters of technological processes
Authors: Losev V V , Kovalev I V , Saramud M V
Published: September 2020

The article reviews current multiversion methods for improving the fault tolerance of software systems. The technological object of control and the monitoring system of the technological process parameters are considered as the subject of the research. There are given model examples of the programming method implementation by N-copy programming and N-version programming method with tie breaker and acceptance test when constructing the monitoring system of the technological process.
Histological analysis of morphostructural changes in bronchial and lung tissues in cattle fetuses during chlamydia infection in Perm Krai and Tyumen Oblast of the Russian Federation
Authors: Tatarnikova N A , Kostarev S N , Sereda T G
Published: September 2020

Between 2017 and 2019, 543 cattle (cows` aborted fetuses, stillborn calves) were studied in Perm Krai and Tyumen Oblast of the Russian Federation for the existence of chlamydia infection. Blood serum samples and fingerprints were analyzed from the animals, and a positive result was registered in 48 animals, which is about 9% of the population. Chlamydia was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs of disease, passive hemagglutination test and microbiological studies. From 23 aborted and stillborn fetuses, biological material was taken for electron microscopic examination. In order to study pulmonary tissue injuries under the influence of chlamydia, a histological analysis of bronchi and lung aborted and stillborn calves was carried out. All three components of the mother-placenta-fertility system were found to be affected by bovine chlamydia. A characteristic pathological-anatomical sign of chlamydia in fetal death is the formation of common swelling, both tissue and cavity localization. Histological examination of organs and tissues traces changes in the general pathological nature of the developing vascular level, alternative processes, immunopathological reactions, systemic inflammatory changes in histochemical barriers. Morphological changes in the pulmonary tissue of the fetuses of different gestation terms indicate damage to the aero-hematic barrier with the possibility of respiratory disorders in the uterine period.
Nutritional medium for differentiation of malignant anthrax
Authors: Pavlenko Igor V , Gryn Svetlana A , Markova Evgenia V , Matveeva Irina N. , Skotnikova Tatyana A , Eremets Vladimir I. , Smolentsev Sergey Yu
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the work is to develop a nutrient medium for differentiation of bacillus anthracis from soil aerobic bacilli. In order to achieve the set goal, we used the method of introduction into the environment of cultivation of microorganisms separated from animals and objects of external environment (water, soil, feed, air, scrapes from different surfaces suspected of contamination by their bacillus anthracis) of nutrient substrate - sucrose, used by bacteria of Bacillus genus for synthesis of levan - product of their metabolism, a sign absent in bacillus anthracis. This feature is essential for identification and differentiation of bacillus anthracis from closely related saprophytes. To identify and differentiate the bacillus anthracis, the microbes isolated from the external environment were cultivated in a nutrient medium consisting of meat-and-peptone agar (MPA) and stimulator (inductor) synthesis of levan sucrose in the amount of 10% to 100 ml of melted agar. The proposed nutrient media was prepared as follows. Meat-peptonic agar (500 ml) was melted at 100°C, 10 g of sucrose was added per 100 ml of medium and after the complete dissolution of sucrose, the nutrient medium was poured into Petri dishes and used for sowing the studied material for identification and differentiation of grown crops. The efficiency of the method has been tested in production experiments with positive evaluation. For this purpose, soil samples taken from the territory of old cattle cemeteries were fractionally sown on MPA and thermostatted for 16-18 hours at 37°C and examined crops for the presence of matte and rough (R-form) colonies.
Studying the metabolism of horses when feeding them zeolite-sapropel feed additives in the conditions of Yakutia
Authors: Grigorev M F , Sidorov A A , Grigoreva A I , Sysolyatina V V
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of study on the effect of zeolite-sapropel feed additives on the metabolism of mares in Central Yakutia. Three groups of horses were formed to conduct scientific experiments. These groups were selected based on the principle of analogues, which took into account age, body weight and fatness. The control group got a basic ration. The experimental groups got a zeolite-sapropel feed additives to the basic ration in doses of 0.5 g of zeolite per kg of body weight with 200 and 300 g of sapropel. The study of the absorption of nutrients determined the effect of zeolite-sapropel feed additives on the intensity of nutrient uptake. Animals of the I and II experimental groups digest better: dry matter by 0.89% and 1.10%, organic matter by 0.90% and 1.17%, crude protein by 1.07% and 1.48%, crude fat by 2.16% and 5.08%, crude fiber by 1.70% and 2.43%, nitrogen-free extractives by 0.63% and 0.77%. Thus, the studies have shown that mares of the experimental groups fed with zeolite-sapropel additives, better use nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. The studies have proved the effectiveness of using zeolite-sapropel feed additives when feeding mares in Yakutia.
Evaluation of the effect of fish yersiniosis on the course of antioxidant protection processes in trout
Authors: Droshnev A E
Published: September 2020

Indicators that characterize the state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in rainbow trout grown in the North-West of the country in normal conditions have been determined. It was found that the amount of malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes and total phospholipids had no significant changes in the samples taken in the farms of the Leningrad region and the Republic of Karelia, while the concentration level depended on the age of the fish. The maximum content of the final products of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde was recorded in fish weighing 600-720 g, which is associated with a high fat content in the diet and the inability of the body to metabolize them completely. The developing pathological process in the body of fish when infected with Yersinia accelerated the intensity of lipid peroxidation, as a result, toxic lipid peroxides accumulated in organs and tissues, and the concentration of malondialdehyde increased from 65.4 to 95.2 %. There were also decreases in the activity of antioxidant protection: the value of catalase decreased from 6.7 to 23.7 %, peroxidase 7.1-19.5 %, the maximum drop in the activity of ceruloplasmin 9.5 %.
Adaptability of new varieties of seed peas in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Kozhukhova E V , Baykalova L P , Savinich E A
Published: September 2020

In the process of breeding work with the Pisum sativum culture, its manufacturability increases due to the introduction of new economically valuable features, as a result of the influence of abiotic factors on pea varieties is transformed. The work is relevant in timely identification of changes in influences and analysis of these transformations on the reconstructed genotype are important in breeding evolution. The material for the study was 12 samples of five varieties of Pisum sativum. The adaptability and stability indices of the samples – Indicator of the stability level of the variety, stability index, stress tolerance, breeding value, and the dependence of the adaptive properties of the culture on the complexity of its genotype were determined. The stress tolerance of the varieties was chaotic; its relationship with the evolution of the genotype is very weak. A strong positive relationship was revealed between the complication of the genotype and the coefficient of variation; a strong negative relationship was revealed between the resistance and stability index of the varieties. Strong negative dependencies were revealed between the evolution of culture and the stability index, as well as breeding value.
Expression of receptors in cow’s oviductal epithelial cells to prostaglandins E2, D2 and F2α
Authors: Kusheev Ch , Pavlov S , Cao J , Lomboeva S , Abidueva L
Published: September 2020

The significance of studying a condition of the reproductive system in productive animals, especially in dairy cattle, is directly proportional to the population’s needs in dairy, lactic acid, and other livestock products. The article presents the results of studies conducted at the Agricultural university of Hohhot city, China. The aim of the study was to identify the expression of receptors for commercial prostaglandins. The object of research was the biological material obtained from slaughter cattle, namely, the section of the cow’s oviducts. The subject of research was isolated epithelial cells. Expression was assessed by the level of intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP when exposed to PGE2, PGD2 and PGF2 of various concentrations from 10−5 to 10−9, also was using an agonist Butaprost. As a result, the concentration of PGE2 at 10−5 mol/L, PGF2α at 10−5 mol/L and 10−6 mol/L significantly contributed to an increase in the level of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) in the epithelial cells of the cow’s oviducts. The increase in the concentration of PGE2, PGD2, and Butaprost led to an increase in the level of cAMP concentration in epithelial cells of cow’s oviducts. EP1, EP2, EP4, FP, DP, TP receptors are available on cow’s oviductal epithelial cells. EP3 and IP receptors were not found on cow’s oviductal epithelial cells. Expression of the EP2, EP4, DP, FP receptor genes is well expressed, unlike EP1 and TP.
Anatomical structure of the Alhagi pseudalhagi stem
Authors: Ochirova K S , Dordzhieva V I , Voloshina T V , Geldieva Z A
Published: September 2020

The present research focuses on studying the anatomical structure of annual shoots of Alhagi pseudalhagi, growing in the Karakum Desert in Turkmenistan. The Camelthorn plays a huge role in the desert biogeocenosis stability, restrains the advance of sand dunes, and is the main component of the country’s natural pastures. The non-tufted type of structure of Alhagi pseudalhagi offshoots was established in the work; the degree of development of the photosynthetic bark parenchyma of the stem was identified. Diagnostic features of the offshoots were determined - the presence of a two-layer epidermis, unicellular receptacles, a continuous ring of conductive tissues, and a filled core of the stem. The nature of the distribution of reservoirs in the stem and the degree of development of mechanical and conductive elements in wood and bast are considered. The results of the study can be used in further studies of the Alhagi genus in the field of botany, physiology, ecology of desert biogeocenoses.
Technical efficiency of spring rapeseed protection scheme
Authors: Baikalova L P , Bobrovsky A V , Kryuchkov A A
Published: September 2020

The species composition of weeds and pests in the crops of spring rape of the variety Nadezhny 92 was determined, the technical effectiveness of the protection scheme of the Syngenta company was evaluated. The results of the study showed that the prevailing species were cereal weeds of 17.9 units / m2. Dicotyledonous weeds amounted to 13.6 units / m2. A decrease in the moisture supply of the vegetation period entailed an increase in weediness. The highest weediness was recorded in 2019, when the number of weeds was higher than in 2017 and in 2018 on 23.5 - 18.0 pcs / m2. Of the pests, cruciferous fleas, rapeseed beetle, rape sawfly, and caterpillars of cabbage were found in the crop. Spring rape protection scheme: presowing treatment with Cruiser Rapeseed, KS, Zellek Super, KE Galera Super, BP, Karate Zeon, MKS showed high technical efficiency. Technical efficiency against cereal weeds was 84.4%, against dicotyledons - 90.4%. On average, the protection effect on spring rape crops was 86.3%. The use of an insecticide allowed reducing the number of pests in crops below the economic threshold of harmfulness or completely destroying them.