bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Diagnosis and Surgical Risk Prediction Using Deep Learning on Multimodal Fundus Images
Authors: Gan Fan , Cao Jian , Fan Huimin , Qin WeiGuo , Li Xiaonan , Wan Qi , Liu Teng , Liu Kangcheng , You Zhipeng
Published: September 2024

Background: Early diagnosis of retinal detachment is vital for effective treatment. This study introduces a multimodal diagnostic system（AI-PVR Insight system） for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR), combining various imaging techniques.
Methods: The system was retrospectively analyzed and externally validated using clinical and imaging data from a large patient cohort. It employs specialized algorithms for PVR detection, grading, and risk prediction.
Results: The system demonstrated high accuracy in PVR identification and grading, with strong predictive capabilities for risk assessment.
Conclusion: The integrated imaging system enhances automated PVR detection and assessment, aiding clinicians in formulating precise treatment strategies and improving patient care quality.
Depersonalization/derealization and its relationship to mood and anxiety disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)
Authors: Simeon Daphne , Stein Dan J
Published: September 2024

Depersonalization/derealization (dpdr) is known to occur across mood and anxiety disorders (MAD) and has been proposed as a marker of worse illness. However, despite the well-known clinical association, there are no epidemiological data on the relationship between dpdr and MAD. In this NCS-R analysis clinically significant dpdr (DPDR-C) was defined as “sometimes” or “often” past-month endorsement of depersonalization and/or derealization in the absence of other pathological dissociation. Six past-month MAD diagnoses were examined: DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social phobia, major depression, bipolar I, and bipolar II. National DPDR-C one-month prevalence was 0.9%. After excluding all cases with past-month posttraumatic stress disorder or non-dpdr pathological dissociation, 21.2% of DPDR-C cases were accounted for by MAD while 3.0% of MAD cases endorsed DPDR-C, ranging from 0% (generalized anxiety disorder) to 11.8% (comorbid mood and anxiety disorder). DPDR-C was not uniquely related to any MAD disorder, and was not associated with MAD age of onset, chronicity, or impairment. Rather, DPDR-C was significantly associated with number of comorbid MAD disorders and with mood/anxiety comorbidity. In conclusion, at the epidemiologic level DPDR-C was uncommon in MAD but was more likely to occur in the presence of combined mood and anxiety disturbance, which may cause greater disruption to the usual sense of self and thus trigger unreality experiences.
Multidimensional analysis of the effects of drought stress on chlorophyll synthesis in Lonicera japonica leaves
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Zhang Boxiang , Feng Caiping , Zhang Xia
Published: September 2024

Background Lonicera japonica is an important medicinal plant, and its drought resistance is often related to the yield and the economic income of farmers. The drought resistance of plants is closely related to the mechanism of chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition. At present, many scientific reports have focused on the effects of drought stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of L. japonica, but have not studied the chlorophyll anabolism of L. japonica from the perspective of molecular mechanism and metabolic level. Results To analyze the response mechanism of chlorophyll synthesis in honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) plants under drought stress and to screen for the key regulatory genes and precursor metabolites associated with chlorophyll synthesis, a control group (CK) and three experimental groups, which were subjected to light stress (L), moderate stress (M), or severe stress (S), were established in this study. The mechanism of chlorophyll synthesis in L. japonica leaves under drought stress was comprehensively analyzed at the physiological, biochemical, transcriptional, and metabolic levels. Physiological and biochemical studies revealed that with increasing drought stress, the total chlorophyll content (Ct) of L. japonica leaves tended to initially exhibit a slight increase and then a sharp decrease, and the content of most chlorophyll synthesis-related enzymes decreased. A total of 37,735 differential genes (DEGs) were identified by transcriptome analysis, 16 of which were related to chlorophyll synthesis. Metabolomic analysis revealed a total of 2,132 differentially abundant metabolites, 4 of which were precursors of differentially accumulated substances in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway. Conclusions The multidimensional analysis results show that the metabolite Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester and the closely related gene HEMA1 may be key precursors of chlorophyll synthesis and key regulators of chlorophyll synthesis in L. japonica during drought stress. However, the mechanism of the influence of HEMA1 and Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester on chlorophyll synthesis under drought stress has yet to be explored. This study is highly important for furthering the understanding of drought resistance mechanisms in medicinal plants and for molecular breeding to produce new varieties of honeysuckle with strong drought tolerance.
Rezension
Authors: Brühlmann Jürg
Published: September 2024

Rezension zu Brägger, Gerold & Rolff, Hans-Günter (Hrsg.) (2021). Handbuch Lernen mit digitalen Medien. Weinheim-Basel: Beltz Pädagogik. 981 Seiten. ISBN: 978-3-407-83196-5
Digitale Leistungsnachweise im Zeitalter von generativer künstlicher Intelligenz
Authors: MacKevett Douglas , Feubli Patricia , Rast Vinzenz
Published: September 2024

Generative künstliche Intelligenz (GKI) könnte bald fähig sein, Prüfungen auf allen Taxonomiestufen erfolgreich zu meistern. Diese These wird gestützt durch eine empirische Untersuchung, die in der Prüfungspraxis an einer Fachhochschule in den Bereichen Wirtschaft und Informatik durchgeführt wurde. Aktuelle Handlungs­empfehlungen werden betrachtet und es wird anhand von drei Beispielen gezeigt, wie Hochschulen mit Prüfungen unter Einsatz von GKI umgehen könnten. Abschließend wird dargelegt, wie eine künftige, KI-unterstützte Ausbildung zu gestalten wäre, um den Herausforderungen und Chancen dieser Technologie gerecht zu werden.
Contemporary narratives on climate-induced migration and community engagement interventions in rural communities
Authors: Muchaku Shadreck , Magaiza Grey
Published: September 2024

The Global Compact on Migration recognised climate change as a critical factor in migration and displacement and called on the global community to address the issue. However, recent reports suggest that global efforts to address the impacts of climate change on migration have not been able to address climate change-induced migration substantially. Global actions have often resulted in suboptimal outcomes. This study, therefore, sought to explore how local challenges can be leveraged in addressing global issues. A systematic literature review was conducted to analyse the potential of local solutions to mitigate the effects of climate change on migration. Information was obtained from full-text peer-reviewed journals published between 2010 to 2023 from the Scopus database. Atlas ti.23 was used to create codes and themes and then construct flowcharts that effectively demonstrate the importance of addressing issues at the local level when dealing with global challenges. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on how local approaches can mitigate the impact of climate on migration.
Pelvic organ prolapse: modern diagnostic and treatment strategies
Authors: Kazakova A. V. , Katorkina E. S. , Kolsanov A. V. , Katorkin S. E.
Published: September 2024

Despite the close attention of gynecologists, coloproctologists and urologists, the diagnosis and complex treatment of pelvic organ prolapse and associated anatomical and functional disorders remains a relevant and not fully resolved problem, requiring a multidisciplinary approach to its solution. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze and systematize current literature data on modern methods of diagnosis, conservative and surgical treatment used to correct pelvic organ prolapse. This article is intended for specialists who diagnose and correct diseases of the pelvic floor and perianal area. The most relevant and common gynecological, coloproctological and urological problems of pelvic organ prolapse, including rectocele and urinary incontinence, are discussed. Methods of diagnosis and conservative treatment, various options for surgical correction and tactical approaches to their selection, including the use of 3D technologies, are presented. Modern positions on the method of strengthening the pelvic floor using mesh implants installed through the vagina (MESH technology) are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the points of interaction between related specialists specializing in the treatment of various pelvic floor systems, and the need for their joint participation in the treatment and diagnostic process to exchange experience and improve the quality of medical care. Only a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach can improve the results of surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, reduce the risk of intraoperative complications, long-term unfavorable results and the frequency of disease relapses. The introduction of preoperative personalized 3D modeling, planning and surgical navigation makes it possible to develop optimal tactics for surgical intervention and its implementation taking into account individual topographical features. This will help reduce intraoperative trauma and complications and creates a practical basis for conducting operations within the frame-work of Fast Track technologies.
Antihypertensive therapy in pregnant women with chronic hypertension
Authors: Chulkov V. S. , Nikolenko E. S. , Nikolaeva V. D. , Minina E. E. , Chulkov V. S.
Published: September 2024

Chronic hypertension (CH) complicates the course of pregnancy in 1-2% of cases, and it is increasingly common. Compared with normotensive women, women with CH have a high risk of maternal and perinatal complications. Antihypertensive treatment of CH halves the risk of severe hypertension but does not reduce the incidence of preeclampsia or serious maternal complications, which may be due to the small number of observations in the studies conducted. In addition, the treatment of CH does not affect the mortality or morbidity of the fetus and/or newborn, regardless of the start date of antihypertensive therapy. Traditionally used antihypertensive drugs have been proven not to be teratogenic, while there may be an increase in the frequency of congenital malformations associated primarily with uncontrolled chronic hypertension. Although prescribing approved antihypertensive agents for all women during pregnancy are effective in lowering blood pressure in the most cases, it remains unclear whether there is an optimal drug for monotherapy and which combinations of antihypertensive drugs are best used. An alternative approach is to individualize treatment using maternal characteristics and blood pressure characteristics, in addition to blood pressure levels (for example, blood pressure variability), which also have prognostic value. This review examines current data on the treatment of pregnant women with CH from the perspective of current national and international recommendations. Discussion of the existing unresolved issues can serve as a basis for a personalized approach in the management and treatment of pregnant women with CH.
Influence of iron levels on the quantity and quality of oocyte in assisted reproductive technology programs
Authors: Karakhalis L. Yu. , Voronkova V. V. , Zhigalenko A. R. , Khalafyan A. A. , Akinshina V. A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Hidden iron deficiency at the pregravidary stage leads to complications from both the mother and foetus, to decrease in the frequency of live birth in the protocols of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

Aim. Is to determine the quality and number of oocytes in ART programs in patients with hidden iron deficiency and estimate the pregnancy outcomes.

Materials and methods. We analyzed 808 of protocols in ART. There were 10.6% patients with hidden iron deficiency with ferritin levels below 30-50 pg/l. The age, weight, duration of infertility and its causes were assessed in the 1st (n = 86) and 2nd (n = 29) groups. The blood count, ferritin levels and other markers of anemia were studied. Hormone levels, the number and quality of oocytes, and the number of embryos and the outcomes of ART protocols have been assessed.

Results. The impact of ferritin levels in ART programs has been revealed. Hidden iron deficiency is moderately associated with the frequency of pregnancy (R = 0,214). The rate of pregnancy is also affected by anti-müllerian hormone (R = -0,351). Mature oocytes are obtained in 84.9% of women in the 1st group and 94% - in the 2nd group. Patients with hidden iron deficiency received 2.19 ± 1.73 embryos and without ferritin deficiency - 3.2 ± 1.44 embryos. The analysis demonstrated the effect of ferritin levels on the quality of oocytes in the ART protocols. In addition to ferritin levels, an important factor are the levels of AMH and number of antrum-containing follicles, which affect the number of mature oocytes.

Conclusion. Timely correction of hidden iron deficiency will help to increase the number of mature oocytes, to increase the quality and quantity of embryos as well as to prevent pregnancy complications. In preparation for ART, together with assessment of ovary reserve, it is necessary to determine the level of ferritin.
Awareness, dyslipidemia and features of statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Konstantinova E. V. , Troitskaya A. A. , Khoroshilova E. E. , Badaev K. A. , Denisova S. O. , Shcherbatsevich A. D. , Chernikov A. O. , Rahimi N. A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Patients' awareness of dyslipidemia levels and adherence to statin therapy are important for the primary and secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome.

Aim. To study the awareness of patients with acute coronary syndrome about their total cholesterol blood levels, severity of dyslipidemia, and features of statin therapy.

Materials and methods. The study included 304 patients with acute coronary syndrome. Clinical and demographic data, patients' awareness of total cholesterol blood levels, frequency of statin intake, adherence to therapy, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol blood levels were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed in IBM SPSS Statistica 23.0.

Results. Total cholesterol blood levels were known to 128 patients with acute coronary syndrome out of 304 (42%); awareness was higher among patients with a history of myocardial infarction (68%) compared to those hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome for the first time (31%) (p < 0.05). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels £ 1.4 mmol/L were present in 286 (94%) patients. Statins were taken by 96 (32%) patients; 20% of patient hospitalized for the first time for acute coronary syndrome were taking statins, compared to 59% with a recurrent event (p < 0.05). Patients aged 75 years and older were taking statins in 56% of cases, patients younger than 75 years - in 24.4% (p < 0.05). 68% of patients previously taking statins were adherent to therapy, but 92% of them did not achieve the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Conclusion. Awareness of total cholesterol blood levels was 42% among patients with acute coronary syndrome, with higher awareness among patients with a recurrent event compared to those hospitalized for the first time. Statins were taken by one-third of patients with acute coronary syndrome, more often in patients with a recurrent event compared to those hospitalized for the first time; adherence to therapy was 68% among patients taking statins. Even in statin-adherent patients with acute coronary syndrome, there was insufficient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels reduction according to current guidelines. The results confirm the need for further development and implementation of educational programs for patients at all stages of medical care.
The level of factor X coagulation and the risk of adverse reactions during treatment with rivaroxaban and apixaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kochetkova E. K. , Astapovskii A. A. , Kulagina N. P. , Drozdov V. N. , Melkonyan G. G. , Serebrova S. Yu. , Shikh E. V.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Xa factor inhibitors are a significant treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation, as they assist in reducing the risk of stroke. However, there has not been enough research into the levels of X-factor in these patients.

Aim. To assess the impact of blood clotting factor X on the risk of adverse drug events (ADEs) in patients receiving apixaban or rivaroxaban treatment.

Materials and methods. The study involved 102 patients with atrial fibrillation who were administered Xa inhibitors: 56 received rivaroxaban and 46 received apixaban. Adverse drug reactions were documented, which were noted in the patient's medical records during drug administration. The concentration of the X factor was measured using photocolorimetry with reagents designed to determine the concentration of the factor X — AssaySense Human Factor X (FX) Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (AssayPro, USA).

Results. In patients receiving apixaban therapy, the X factor concentration was lower in 32.6% of cases and in 43.5% of patients, it was higher than the reference value. In contrast, in patients receiving rivaroxaban therapy, these indicators were lower in 26.8% of cases and higher in 51.8% of patients. Overall, according to the medical records, there were 37 adverse reactions in 29 patients, including 23 (41.1%) ADEs in 19 patients (33.9%) receiving rivaroxaban and 14 (30,4%) ADEs in 10 patients (21.7%) taking apixaban. The level of X factor was statistically significantly associated with the risk of stroke, with an AUC ROC of 0.720 and p-value of 0.05, and with minor bleeding, with an AUC ROC of 0.735 and p-value 0.003. An increase in the X factor level above 12.6 pg/mL increased the risk of stroke by 9.4-fold (95% CI: 1.9-74.3, p = 0.034), while a decrease below 10.5 pg/mL increased the risk of bleeding by 3.2-fold (95% CI: 1.2-8.7, p = 0.021).

Conclusion. The level of the X factor in individuals with atrial fibrillation exhibits a wide range of variability. Deviations from the reference values, either below or above, can significantly impact the risk of experiencing minor bleeding or suffering a stroke, respectively.
Evaluation of the Polish Code of Veterinary Professional Ethics through the passage of time. Is there an urgent need for reform?
Authors: DZIKOWSKI ANDRZEJ
Published: September 2024

The Polish Code of Veterinary Professional Ethics is a set of ethical standards for the veterinary profession and a binding legislative act. The provisions of the code were analysed and interpreted, which revealed some of its provisions as flawed and identified various categories of flaws with respect to components requiring change. The results of this research demonstrate urgent need for a thorough reform of the code and suggest amendments. The article also discusses the guiding principle of professional ethics for Polish veterinarians.
Regulação responsiva e o uso de defensivos agrícolas: Uma análise sob a perspectiva do agricultor
Authors: Jonck Josilene , Klein Júnior Vitor Hugo , Locks Pompilio
Published: September 2024

Este estudo busca entender como agricultores justificam a manutenção ou substituição de agrotóxicos nas práticas de cultivo e para isso examina as razões e justificativas de dois grupos de agricultores. Por meio de abordagem qualitativa, foram feitas entrevistas com dez de agricultores de dois municipios: um que utiliza predominantemente agrotóxicos, outro que vem aderindo a práticas de cultivo sustentável. Nossos resultados apontam uma hegemonia da indústria de agrotóxicos que está sustentada na perceção dos agricultores de que os produtos químicos são o método mais ‘eficiente’ de cultivo. Essa hegemonia se baseia na forma como a indústria promove o uso de agrotóxicos e pela relativa ausência de informações sobre alternativas de cultivo. Esses fatores fazem com que o agricultor permaneça atrelado ao uso de produtos químicos, dificultando a adesão por opções mais sustentáveis. Assim, este artigo contribui para o debate sobre a política regulatória de agrotóxicos ao analisar as percepções de agricultores e indicar a existência de uma predisposição em adotar formas mais sustentáveis de cultivo, desde que os benefícios e a viabilidade econômica dessa adoção sejam demonstrados. Com isso, verifica-se a necessidade de uma política regulatória mais responsiva, em proximidade aos regulados, bem como a construção de uma infraestrutura de disseminação de informações, espaços de diálogo, troca de experiências e suporte técnico para os interessados em aderir a práticas sustentáveis de cultivo.
Instrumentos neuropsicológicos na avaliação de déficit cognitivo em pacientes adultos com COVID-19
Authors: Guerra Pedro Henrique Nogueira , Santos Mylena Chaves Muniz , Resende Gisele Cristina , Torres Marck de Souza
Published: September 2024

Os prejuízos à saúde mental oriundos da pandemia de COVID-19, não se restringiram aos efeitos psicossociais, se estendendo às sequelas neurológicas. Assim, é importante observar os instrumentos neuropsicológicos utilizados para essa detecção. Objetivo: Averiguar quais instrumentos neuropsicológicos foram utilizados para avaliar déficit cognitivo em pacientes adultos com COVID-19. Objetivos Específicos: Verificar o tempo médio na qual os instrumentos são aplicados pós-infecção; Sumarizar os principais déficits cognitivos apontados pelos instrumentos. Metodologia: Revisão de escopo com busca de artigos em periódicos nacionais e internacionais indexados nas bases de dados PsyInfo - APA, Scopus, Pubmed, Embase, EBSCO e Web of Science, com uma string específica, conduzida por dois juízes independentes. Após seleção e categorização, os dados foram examinados pelo método de Análise Temática. Resultados: Verificou-se uma variedade de 25 testes neuropsicológicos nos 6 estudos analisados.
Percepções de adolescentes acerca do uso de drogas e adesão ao tratamento especializado em um Caps Ad ij na Paraíba
Authors: Silva Maria Isabel Félix da , Pachú Clésia Oliveira
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo é caracterizado como qualitatitvo, exploratório e descritivo.Objetivou-se analisar as percepções de adolescentes acerca do uso de drogas eadesão ao tratamento especializado em um CAPS AD infantojuvenil, com 13adolescentes usuários do serviço. Utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevistasemiestruturada seguida de análise de sentido. Os resultados mostram que apercepção dos adolescentes acerca do uso de drogas relaciona-se a noções deprazer, sofrimento, ruim e proibido. No CAPS AD, alguns adolescentesmanifestam confiança no tratamento e expressam desejo de interromper o uso dedrogas, enquanto outros, não se reconhecem com necessidade para estar inseridono serviço. Conclui-se que os resultados apontam para a necessidade deinvestimento em políticas públicas de prevenção ao uso nocivo, visto que osadolescentes não estão aderindo ao tratamento especializado.Palavras – chave: Adolescência; Uso de drogas; Atenção Psicossocial.
Recent Advances in Therapeutics and Manufacturing Processes of
Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus for the Treatment of Lung Diseases
Authors: Sorroza-Martinez Luis , Pelletier Mia , Guay David , Gaillet Bruno
Published: September 2024

Developing delivery vectors capable of transducing genetic material across the lung
epithelia and mucus barrier is a major challenge and of great interest to enable gene therapies to
treat pulmonary diseases. Recombinant Adeno-associated Viruses (rAAVs) have emerged as attractive
candidates among viral and non-viral vectors due to their broad tissue tropism, ability to
transduce dividing and quiescent cells, and their safety profile in current human applications.
While rAAVs have demonstrated safety in earlier clinical trials for lung disease applications, there
are still some limitations regarding rAAV-transgene delivery in pulmonary cells. Thus, further improvements
in rAAV engineering are needed to enhance the effectiveness of rAAV-based therapies
for lung diseases. Such therapies could benefit patients with chronic lung diseases, such as
asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and cystic fibrosis,
among others, by regulating hereditary gene mutations or acquired gene deregulations causing these
conditions. Alongside therapeutic development, advances in the rAAV production process are
essential to meet increasing production demands, while reducing manufacturing costs. This review
discusses current challenges and recent advances in the field of rAAV engineering and manufacturing
to encourage the clinical development of new pulmonary gene therapy treatments.
Recent Advances in Nanocatalyzed One-Pot Sustainable Synthesis of Bioactive N, N-Heterocycles with Anticancer Activities: An Outlook of Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Majhi Sasadhar
Published: September 2024

N-heterocycles represent a predominant and unique class of organic chemistry. They
have received a lot of attention due to their important chemical, biomedical, and industrial uses.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved about 75% of drugs containing N-based heterocycles,
which are currently available in the market. N-Heterocyclic compounds exist as the backbone
of numerous natural products and act as crucial intermediates for the construction of pharmaceuticals,
veterinary items, and agrochemicals frequently. Among N-based heterocyclic compounds,
bioactive N,N-heterocycles constitute a broad spectrum of applications in modern drug discovery
and development processes. Cefozopran (antibiotic), omeprazole (antiulcer), enviradine (antiviral),
liarozole (anticancer), etc., are important drugs containing N,N-heterocycles. The synthesis of N,N-heterocyclic
compounds under sustainable conditions is one of the most active fields because of
their significant physiological and biological properties as well as synthetic utility. Current research
is demanding the development of greener, cheaper, and milder protocols for the synthesis of
N,N-heterocyclic compounds to save mother nature by avoiding toxic metal catalysts, extensive
application of energy, and the excessive use of hazardous materials. Nanocatalysts play a profound
role in sustainable synthesis because of their larger surface area, tiny size, and minimum energy;
they are eco-friendly and safe, and they provide higher yields with selectivity in comparison to
conventional catalysts. It is increasingly demanding research to design and synthesize novel bioactive
compounds that may help to combat cancer since the major causes of death worldwide are due
to cancer. Hence, the important uses of nanocatalysts for the one-pot synthesis of biologically potent
N,N-heterocycles with anticancer activities have been presented in this review.
Antioxidant and Anti-microbial Activities of Astragalus rhodosemius Boiss. & Hausskn. Extracts
Authors: Yadegari Javad Ghasemian , Abdollahi Soosan , Mirzania Foroogh , Salimikia Iraj , Soltani Negin , Seifouri Parvin , Fard Zahra Golmoradi , Charkhabian Reyhaneh
Published: September 2024

Background:

One of the Astragalus (Leguminosae) species with remarkable pharmacological
and biological properties is Astragalus rhodosemius, which has been utilized in traditional
medicine. Very little study has been conducted on this species thus far. The purpose of this
study was to examine the anti-microbial and antioxidant properties of two distinct extracts of
Astragalus rhodosemius aerial parts (n-butanol and ethyl acetate) as well as an ethyl acetate extract
of the root.

Methods:

Each extract's ability to scavenge the free radicals of DPPH was used to express the
antioxidant property. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica,
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus,
were spread to assess the extract's antimicrobial properties.

Results:

The aerial portions' n-butanol extract (IC50 = 0.92 μg/mL) demonstrated excellent antioxidant
properties. The microorganisms that responded to the root's ethyl acetate extract the most
were Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 1 μg/mL).

Conclusion:

This study's findings demonstrated that A. rhodosemius has strong antibacterial and
antioxidant properties, which allow for its application as a natural antioxidant or antibiotic in a
variety of pharmaceutical formulations for the prevention of cancer.
An In-depth Review on Argemone mexicana in the Management of Liver Health and Liver Cancer
Authors: Saraswat Istuti , Goel Anjana , Gupta Jyoti
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Argemone mexicana, commonly known as the Mexican prickly poppy, has been historically
employed in traditional medicine for various ailments, including liver disorders. Given the rising prevalence
of liver diseases, including cancer, investigating the potential efficacy of Argemone mexicana in promoting liver
health is of paramount importance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature
on the hepatoprotective and anticancer properties of Argemone mexicana.

Methodology:

A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar, and relevant botanical
and pharmacological databases. Studies from various sources, including in vitro experiments, animal models,
and clinical trials, were included in the review. The search focused on articles published up to 2010-2023, encompassing
research that explored the botanical characteristics, chemical composition, traditional uses, and
pharmacological properties of Argemone mexicana, specifically emphasizing its impact on liver health and cancer.

Results:

The review revealed a wealth of studies highlighting the diverse pharmacological properties of Argemone
mexicana. The botanical composition includes compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential,
suggesting hepatoprotective effects. Studies using in vitro and in vivo models demonstrated promising outcomes
regarding liver function improvement and inhibition of liver cancer cell proliferation. While some clinical
studies supported the traditional uses of Argemone mexicana, further well-designed trials are warranted to establish
its clinical efficacy.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Argemone mexicana shows promise as a natural agent for promoting liver health and
combating liver cancer. Bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties suggest potential
hepatoprotective effects. However, translating these findings into clinical practice requires further rigorous investigation,
including well-designed clinical trials. This review provides a foundation for future research efforts
aimed at elucidating the full therapeutic potential of Argemone mexicana in liver health and cancer management.
Investigation of the Process of Agglomeration of Phosphorites Using Phosphate-Siliceous Shales and Oil Sludge
Authors: Tleuova Saltanat , Tileuberdi Ayaulym , Pazylova Dana , Ulbekova Mariyam , Sagyndykova Nurila , Lavrov Boris , Turishbekov Zhunisbek
Published: September 2024

Introduction

This article aims to discuss the physico-chemical features of the agglomeration process of phosphorus fines using phosphate-siliceous shales and oil sludge.

Methods

The composition and structure of the starting materials and physico-chemical transformations under thermal influence are studied using IR spectrometry and differential thermal analysis methods.

Results

The results of IR spectrometric analysis of the phosphate siliceous shales are characterized by intense peaks at 493.78, 547.78, and 678.94 cm-1, corresponding to Ca-O-P compounds. Moreover, the wave oscillations in the region of 837.11-995.27 cm-1 indicate the characteristics of Si-O valence bonds, and in the region of 1114.86-1431 cm-1 depict the characteristics of Si-O-Al compounds. The IR spectrum of oil sludge is characterized by the presence of wave oscillations in the region of 1411.89-2904.80 cm-1 corresponding to petroleum components.

Conclusion

The differential thermal analysis of the investigated sample of phosphate-siliceous shale does not have intense endo- and exo-effects, and it is characterized by a significant predominance of hydrate compounds of aluminosilicate and carbonate components.
Mechanism, Potential, and Concerns of Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Transplantation
Authors: Sensi Bruno , Angelico Roberta , Toti Luca , Conte Luigi Eduardo , Coppola Alessandro , Tisone Giuseppe , Manzia Tommaso Maria
Published: September 2024

In the last decade, immunotherapy (IT) has revolutionized oncology and found indications in many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC). In HCC, IT has become the leading systemic therapy for advanced diseases. At the same time, it carries the promise of being a valuable
therapy in other settings, including intermediate-stage and unresectable disease, as a downstaging or conversion modality. More controversial is the
role of IT in relationship to liver transplantation (LT): on one side, it could be a helpful tool to control or downstage HCC before LT or to treat
tumor recurrence after LT, while on the other, it carries the risk of graft rejection and graft loss. This review aims to cover these concerns in depth
and unravel the current literature.
Phytopharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Importance of Xanthium strumarium L: A Review
Authors: Kumar Pragati , Raj Aman Amrit , Wal Pranay
Published: September 2024

Xanthium strumarium L. (Family: Compositae), a medicinal plant that
grows as a weed, has a wide distribution in the United States and Canada, Brazil,
China, and Malaysia, including hotter regions of India. Traditionally, the herb has
been used largely to treat various illnesses. The entire plant, particularly its leaves,
roots, fruits, and seeds, has been used in conventional healthcare to treat a variety of
conditions, including leukoderma, infections from bacteria and fungi, long-term malaria
cases, rheumatism, tuberculosis, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, urticaria, rheumatoid
arthritis, diarrhoea, constipation, and lumbago. In-depth information about the plant's
pharmacological and botanical properties is included in this detailed account. The
pharmacological properties and their antibacterial, anti-tumor, antitussive, antifungal,
anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, diabetic, antimitotic, antioxidant, antitrypanosomal,
CNS depressant, diuretic, contact dermatitis, insecticidal, and herbicidal properties
are some of the highlights. Constituents found in all plant components, such as
sesquiterpene lactones, glycosides, phenols, and polysterols, account for the majority
of the pharmacological actions. Nevertheless, in order to validate conventional
knowledge in the context of a sensible phytotherapy, future efforts should focus more
on laboratory and in vivo investigations as well as clinical trials. Research requires
quantification of individual ingredients and assessment of their pharmacological effects
in humans due to the herb's multi-activity, especially its anti-tumor and anticancer
properties, which have garnered a lot of attention.
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN DI TIKTOK SHOP (STUDI KASUS: DITUTUPNYA TIKTOK SHOP)
Authors: Ebenhaezer Harvard , Fadjar Nurman Setiawan
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the relationship between income, discount, and influencer on purchasing decisions of 20 consumers at TikTok Shop who live in Malang and want to know the strength of the relationship. The issue raised is that TikTok Shop was dismissed by the government, where TikTok Shop is one of the important innovations and technological advances for Indonesia. The main theory used in this research is consumption theory. This research is a quantitative research with primary data using a Guttman scale, and tested with non-parametric statistical methods of Chi-Square and Kendall's Tau-B. The findings of this study are that income has a very strong correlation, discount has a very strong  correlation, and influencers have a strong correlation to purchasing decisions.  These results answer 3 problem formulations, which show that TikTok Shop is very important to consumers in Malang.  This result also shows that the ban of TikTok Shop is a loss for Indonesia because it can increase economic exchange and economic growth.
DETERMINAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI DISPARITAS ANTAR WILAYAH DI KAWASAN TIMUR INDONESIA TAHUN 2014-2019
Authors: Salsabillah Hurriyah , Bahtiar Fitanto
Published: September 2024

Significant developmental disparity between the Western Indonesian Region (KBI)  and the Eastern Indonesian Region (KTI), evident in dominance of provinces in Java and Sumatra, has emerged as a persistent concern. The KBI has consistently contributed over 80% to the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the past three decades. This research aims to conduct a comprehensive examination of the factors contributing to regional disparities in the Eastern Indonesian Region. Employing panel data, the study utilizes regression to analyze the correlation between variables such as the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), investment, Regional Gross Domestic Product (PDRB), education, and regional expenditures on regional disparities in the Eastern Indonesian Region. This research used secondary data sourced from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) spanning from 2014 to 2019 period using documentation method. This study results on PDRB has a positive and significant impact, while education and regional expenditures have negative and significantly correlated with disparities among regions. However, the other two variables, namely investment and TPT are not show significant partial impacts.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN PEKERJA GIG DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sitorus Aurelia Ananda , Kornitasari Yenny
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted to determine the level of welfare of Indonesian gig workers in various fields. The method used is a quantitative method with primary data taken using a questionnaire from 250 respondents and then processed using multiple linear regression analysis methods. The research results show that job protection and income have a significant effect on the welfare of gig workers in Indonesia. Gig workers, most of whom do not work from the office, still need job protection and consider income an important factor that can influence their well-being. Meanwhile, social security is not a factor that can improve the welfare of gig workers in Indonesia because it is still hindered by several obstacles such as lack of socialization from the government and minimal literacy and concern for gig workers due to their busy lives and different work systems from wage earners.
PENGARUH PLATFORM E-COMMERCE DAN FAKTOR INTERNAL PADA KEBERLANGSUNGAN USAH MIKRO, KECIL, DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) KERIPIK DI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Rifki As'ad Achmad , Muhammad Dandy Alif Wildana
Published: September 2024

One of the regions in East Java that shows significant potential in the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is Malang Regency. Malang Regency, which is the second largest district, has great potential in having many MSMEs compared to other districts or large cities. This research aims to determine the amount of income of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Variables include Capital (X1), Labor (X2), Length of Business (X3), E-Commerce (X4). Primary data for this study was gathered through unstructured interviews, with a sample size of 70. The data analysis method used in this research was multiple linear regression which was used to test the income model. The results of this research show that capital and length of business have a positive and significant effect on the income of MSME chips in Malang Regency, while the variables of e-commerce and labor have no effect on MSME income. The independent variables together influence the income of Chips MSMEs in Malang Regency by 50.3 percent.
PENGARUH DANA ALOKASI UMUM, DANA ALOKASI KHUSUS, DANA DESA DAN PDRB TERHADAP KEMISKINAN
Authors: Ramadhina Siti , Syafitri Wildan
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of DAU, DAK, Village Fund and GRDP on Poverty in West Java Province in 2018-2022. This study used a quantitative approach. Data analysis uses panel data regression analysis which is a combination of 2018-2022 time series data and crosssection data of 16 districts in West Java Province. The results showed that DAU, DAK, and GRDP had a negative and significant effect on poverty. When there is an increase in DAU, DAK and GRDP, it can reduce the number of poverty in West Java Province. Meanwhile, the Village Fund has a positive and significant effect on poverty. If there is an increase in the budget in the Village Fund, it will not affect the amount of poverty in West Java Province.
Preparation of Bioethanol from Pineapple Peel Waste for Blending Pertalite into Alternative Fuel (Gasohol)
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Ihtifazhuddin Farhan , Yerizam Muhammad ,   Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Yuliati Selastia ,   Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
Published: September 2024

This study aims to obtain bioethanol according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7390:2012, obtain Gasohol according to the RON (Research Octane Number) standard in Pertalite, and produce alternative fuels that are more environmentally friendly. The bioethanol production process includes hydrolysis, fermentation, distillation, and adsorption, with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ferment sugar in pineapple skin into ethanol with a content of 59.62% from a 5-day fermentation process with 4% Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.5% urea, 0.5% NPK. Bioethanol is then mixed with Pertalite in the composition of E5 (5 ml of bioethanol mixed with 95 ml of Pertalite) to E25 (25 ml of bioethanol mixed with 75 ml of Pertalite), lowering the flash point of the mixture from 29.8°C (E5) to 28.0°C (E25), increasing the density from 0.7239 gr.(cm3)-1 (E5) to 0.7250 gr.(cm3)-1 (E25) and the viscosity from 0.41 cSt (E5) to 0.49 cSt (E25). Still, the octane number (RON) tends to be stable at 91.4-95.6. As a result, the bioethanol content is close to SNI 99.5%, the bioethanol-Pertalite mixture improves several parameters but lowers the flash point, and the E25 mixture meets the RON standard of 95.6 for Pertalite.
THE PROCESSING TECHNIQUE AFFECTS THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND TEXTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PURPLE YAM BASED GLUTEN-FREE DOUGH
Authors: Ulyarti Ulyarti , Nazarudin Nazarudin , Lisani Lisani , Wulandari Nur
Published: September 2024

Purple yam tuber in the form of flour has been applied for functional food products. Processing purple yam tubers into flour eliminates many beneficial compounds of the tubers. Another alternative for processing purple yam tubers is to process them directly into a paste to be mixed into the dough. This study was carried out to determine the effect of the processing technique of yam tuber on the texture profile of gluten-free dough made up of yam tuber and modified cassava flour (mocaf). Four (4) types of processing techniques were applied to produce purple yam+mocaf dough. First (ST), steaming yam tuber, mashing + mocaf + water. Second (SST), steaming slice of yam tuber, mashing + mocaf + water. Third (SCT0.5), soaking slices of yam tuber in citric acid 0.5%, mashing + mocaf + yam tuber mucus. The last (SCT1) is soaking slices of yam tuber in citric acid 1%, mashing + mocaf + yam tuber mucus. The result showed that the amount of water, the ratio between purple yam paste and mocaf, the lead time, and the processing technique play important roles in shaping the texture of the dough. The third technique (SCT0.5) produced higher hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, and cohesiveness dough than the other techniques. However, none of the texture profiles strongly correlate with the dietary fiber content. These results can be used better to understand the free gluten food application of yam tuber.
Patients’ Discharge Care Experience and its Links to Hospitalisation and Demographic Factors
Authors: Ahmad Marzuki Maziah , Rashmi Anis Hazira , Othman Nursyarafana , Mohamad Yacob Nur Fatimah
Published: September 2024

Discharge care is crucial for maintaining patients' quality of life post-hospitalization. A cross-sectional study in a Malaysian teaching hospital explored patients' discharge care experiences, hospitalization experiences, age, and education level. Using simple random sampling, 118 respondents participated. Data were collected via questionnaires and assessed using DICARES and NORPEQ. Results showed that 71% had an excellent discharge care experience. Significant correlations were found between discharge care and hospitalization experience (rho = 0.539, p < 0.001), education level, post-discharge coping, treatment adherence, and discharge planning participation. Nurse Managers should prioritize discharge care and integrate advanced technology for home referrals, promoting healthcare optimism.
The Design and Evaluation of a Simulation Tool for Audiology Screening Education: Design Science Approach
Authors: Gerdes John , Schooley Benjamin , Sharp Dakota , Miller Juliana
Published: September 2024

Background

The early identification of hearing loss and ear disorders is important. Regular screening is recommended for all age groups to determine whether a full hearing assessment is necessary and allow for timely treatment of hearing problems. Procedural training is needed for new speech-language pathology students as well as continuing education for those trained to perform this screening procedure. Limited availability and access to physical training locations can make it difficult to receive the needed training.

Objective

The aims of this study were to (1) develop a new hearing screening simulation software platform and (2) assess its effectiveness in training a group of graduate-level speech-language pathology students in hearing screening procedures.

Methods

An audiology simulator modeled after the commercial Grason-Stadler GSI39 combination audiometer and tympanometer device was developed to serve as a precursor to traditional face-to-face clinical instruction. A description of the simulator development process, guided by a design science approach, is presented. The initiation phase established the initial criteria for the simulator design. This was followed by an iterative process involving prototype development, review, and critique by the clinical faculty. This feedback served as input for the subsequent iteration. The evaluation of the final prototype involved 33 speech-language pathology graduate students as part of an introductory audiology class. These students were randomly assigned to control (receiving in-person instruction) and test (in-person instruction and simulation tool use) groups. Students in both groups were subsequently evaluated as they performed audiology screenings on human participants and completed a 25-item pretest and posttest survey. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted on the mean differences between pretest and posttest ordinal survey response data to compare the control and intervention groups.

Results

The results indicated that the students who used the simulation tool demonstrated greater confidence in their ability to (1) explain hearing screening procedures to a child (P=.02), (2) determine whether otoscopy results are normal (P=.02), and (3) determine whether otoscopy results are abnormal (P=.03). Open-ended responses indicated that the students found that the hands-on experience provided by the simulator resulted in an easy-to-use and useful learning experience with the audiometer, which increased their confidence in their ability to perform hearing screenings.

Conclusions

Software-based education simulation tools for audiology screening may provide a beneficial approach to educating students and professionals in hearing screening training. The tool tested in this study supports individualized, self-paced learning with context-sensitive feedback and performance assessment, incorporating an extensible approach to supporting simulated subjects.