bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE MODERN EPIZOOTOLOGY FOR PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS DISEASE
Authors:   Ya. R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation, Streltsova Ya. B.
Published: July 2021

This article describes the historical-geographical and epizootological aspects of rising porcine circovirus infection, periods of study and spread of infection. The article contains the information about epizootic situation in the World and in Russian Federation. The methods of diagnosis, clinical and pathological manifestation are represented. In modern pig farming are important issues related to the comprehensive diagnosis of diseases of pigs, especially circovirus infection. The disease has various symptoms and mortality among piglets in the early period of rearing. Asymptomatic manifestation of the disease in the adult population deteriorating the epizootic situation not only within the herd, but also when moving the animals between different areas of the country. Discovered in 2015 PCV-3 is evidence of its evolutionary path of development that is particularly relevant for molecular biologic, immunological, epizootic and pathological and morphological studies.
THE USE OF THE TEST-SYSTEM ANTI-MICROBIAL ARRAY I AND THE RANDOX EVIDENCE INVESTIGATOR™ FOR DETECTING SULFANILAMIDES IN FISH
Authors:   «All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology» – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K. I. Skryabin, Ya. R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Butko M. P. , Onischenko D. A. ,   «All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology» – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K. I. Skryabin, Ya. R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

The article covers the development and application of the test-system Anti-Microbial Array I based on immunomicrochip technology Randox Biochip® in fish. Researches were carried out to determine the linearity, and in the course of experimental studies, the accuracy and precision of the method was studied. Samples of DORADO fish were contaminated with sulfanilamide preparations in concentrations of 50, 100, 150 mg/ kg. In the course of these experiments it was shown that this method fully corresponds to the criterion for assessing the suitability of the method (in accordance with Decision No. 2002/657/EC), while possessing good linearity, sensitivity, specificity, precision (repeatability or convergence and reproducibility), restoration and the ability to detect contaminants in an amount below the MRLs established by regulatory documentation.
ATP AS A EXPRESSIVE QUALITY INDICATOR OF INITIAL RAW MATERIAL AND AN EFFECTIVE ENERGY SOURCE FOR GROWTH OF BACTERIA
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K. I. Skryabin, Ya. R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Shurduba N. A. , Sotnikova V. M. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K. I. Skryabin, Ya. R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of studies of sterilized milk on the presence of residual (total and free) ATP, the possibility of using sterile milk containing a significant amount of free ATP, as a full-fledged substrate for the cultivation of E. coli. The level of ATP-bioluminescence was determined by HY-LiTE®2 (Merk, Germany) luminometer in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions using special test systems. It has been established that with the sterilization of milk, somatic cells are destroyed, and only free ATP remains. By the level of free ATP, you can indirectly judge the amount of somatic cells in raw prefabricated milk taken by dairies and, as a consequence, the quality of the milk being procured. It was determined that when bacteria were introduced into sterilized milk after 6 hours of incubation, the level of free ATP decreased 5 times, the parameters of bacterial ATP increased 4 times against the background of an increase in the level of bacteria by 2 times. At the same time, it was noted that in the meat infusion agar during this time interval, the ATP of bacteria increased only by 1,3 times, in physiological salinity the indices remained at the same level.
The Art and Craft of Screenwriting: Practice and Prospects of Screenwriting in Pakistani Film
Authors: Sohail Ahmer , Ullah Prof. Dr. Farish
Published: July 2021

Pakistani feature films are on decline for last three decades. In filmmaking, screenplay plays the pivotal part, without which the idea of making film is absurd indeed. The academic learning of art and craft of screenwriting has actually been taken for granted in Pakistan. This overlooking serves one of the reasons owing to which Pakistani Cinema could not get along with its contemporaries. This qualitative study throws light on the significance of screenplay in the whole process of filmmaking and nudges to the pedagogical needs of screenplay writing to be met in Pakistan. For the purpose, in-depth interviews of academician and practitioners of film and communication studies in Lahore have been conducted by the researcher.
Development and Validation of Schadenfreude Scale for Adolescents
Authors: Hanif Prof. Dr. Rubina , Batool Naila
Published: July 2021

The present study is based on the development of scale to measure schadenfreude in adolescents. The objectives of the study are twofold i.e., the development of an indigenous scale to measure schadenfreude among adolescents and to establish the validity of this scale. To achieve these goals, study comprised of two phases. Item pool was generated on the basis of literature as well as content analysis of the information obtained through focus groups and it was finalized through committee approach. Factor structure of the scale was determined by conducting Exploratory Factor Analysis (N=330). In Phase-II, psychometric properties of the scale were established by conducting Confirmatory Factor Analysis on an independent sample (N=320). Descriptive statistics, alpha reliabilities and item total correlations were computed. The final scale comprised of 28 statements with six domains included Rivalry, Negative Emotions, Unfairness, Worthlessness, Comparison Bias, and Helplessness. It is a measure schadenfreude among adolescents.
La telefonía móvil: impacto en las actitudes culturales y conductas sociales de estudiantes universitarios
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL HERMILIO VALDIZAN, Perú, Pasquel Cajas Alexander Frank , Ortega Rojas Yesmi Katia ,   UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAO, Perú, Cajas Bravo Verónica ,   UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL HERMILIO VALDIZÁN, Perú
Published: July 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el impacto de la telefonía móvil en las actitudes culturales y conductas sociales de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huánuco (UNHEVAL), Perú. La investigación fue básica, nivel explicativo, diseño no experimental de tipo transeccional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 115 estudiantes de la Facultad de Economía y 76 estudiantes de la Escuela Profesional de Turismo y Hotelería de la UNHEVAL, escogidos por muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional; conformando un total de 191 estudiantes. Se empleó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario validado por juicio de expertos. Su confiabilidad se determinó mediante el Alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo un índice de 0,91. Los resultados muestran que en la actualidad se verifica un masivo uso de teléfonos móviles y una dependencia importante para con este dispositivo. Pocas son las personas que carecen del mismo. La telefonía celular y el Internet han llegado para revolucionar nuestro entorno y convertirlo en un mundo virtual. Se concluye que existe un impacto de la telefonía móvil en las actitudes culturales y conductas sociales de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huánuco. Palabras clave: actitudes culturales; conductas sociales; telefonía móvil.
Habilidades investigativas y formulación de proyectos de investigación tecnológica en estudiantes de una universidad pública
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN ENRIQUE GUZMÁN Y VALLE, Perú, Barbachán Ruales Enrique Alejandro , Tello Conde Angel Ricardo ,   UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN ENRIQUE GUZMÁN Y VALLE, Perú
Published: July 2021

Las habilidades investigativas y la formulación de proyectos en investigación tecnológica son elementos claves en la formación profesional del estudiante del área tecnológica. El objetivo del trabajo fue establecer la relación que existe entre las habilidades investigativas y la formulación de proyectos de investigación tecnológica en estudiantes de educación en Mecánica de Producción de una universidad pública. Investigación de un enfoque cuantitativo, método hipotético-deductivo, de tipo aplicada, con diseño no experimental, transeccional correlacional. La población de estudio está constituida por estudiantes del nivel superior de la especialidad de Mecánica de producción, con una muestra no probabilística intencionada de manera censal, por las condiciones y características del trabajo que suman en su totalidad 30 personas. A través de la prueba estadística denominada correlación de Spearman, se obtuvo un valor de rho= 0,940 y una Sig. (Bilateral) =0,000 < 0,05 (nivel de significancia), con estos resultados se concluye que, existe una relación significativa entre las habilidades investigativas y la formulación de proyectos en investigación tecnológica en estudiantes de la especialidad de Mecánica de Producción de una universidad pública. Palabras clave: Tecnología; habilidades; investigación tecnológica; habilidades investigativas.
Influence of CMO pharmaceutical care model-based intervention on readmission rate in high risk HIV patients: the INFARDAR study
Authors: Guzmán Ramos Maria Isabel , Manzano Garcia Mercedes , Robustillo-Cortés Mª de las Aguas , Gutiérrez Pizarraya Antonio , Morillo-Verdugo Ramón ,   Pharmacy Department, Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital. Huelva, Spain.
Published: July 2021

Background. Many studies have indicated that hospitalization and readmissions occur frequently, especially among people living with HIV. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a programmed and structured pharmaceutical intervention, based on “CMO PC model” to reduce the readmission rate in high-risk HIV patients. Material and methods. This was a single-center, prospective study based on a structured health intervention conducted between March-2017 and March-2018 with 12 months of follow-up at outpatient pharmacy services. At discharge, HIV patients included were classified according to the risk of readmission as low or high risk patients, being the latter proposed to participate. The selected patients were randomly assigned to a control group (usual care) or intervention group (including stratification-motivational interview and new technologies: CMO pharmaceutical care). The primary endpoint was readmission rate at one year of follow-up in each group. Results. A total of 39 patients were included. As regards the main variable, in the intervention group, 21,4% (n=3) of patients were readmitted in the first year after discharge vs. 66,7% (n=6) in the control group (p=0,042). Conclusions. Tailored pharmaceutical care based on risk stratification, motivational interviewing, and new technologies has a positive influence to reduce the percentage of readmission in high risk HIV patients.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS SAINTIFIK PADA MATERI IKLAN UNTUK SISWA KELAS V SDN 20 TALAWI KECAMATAN KOTO XI TARUSAN KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: Cahyani Nabila Putri , Eska Wirnita
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya fasilitas belajar seperti tidak adanya LKS dan Modul, bahan ajar yang digunakan hanya berupa buku paket sehingga siswa sering merasa bosan, dan metode yang digunakan guru dalam proses pembelajaran masih konvensional. Tujuan penelitian mengembangkan modul pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia berbasis saintifik pada materi iklan untuk siswa kelas V SDN 20 Talawi Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan yaitu agar siswa termotivasi untuk lebih semangat dalam membaca, bertanya dan berdiskusi. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development (R & D) yang dikemukakan oleh Trianto dengan model prosedural 4D, yang terdiri dari tahap define (pendefinisian), tahap design (perancangan), dan development (pengembangan), karena keterbatasan waktu dan kemampuan maka: 1) penelitian hanya sampai pada fase development (3D), 2) Validator angket validitas dilakukan oleh 3 orang dosen ahli, 3) uji praktikalitas dilakukan oleh guru dan siswa kelas V SD, dan 4) uji efektivitas dilakukan oleh siswa kelas V SD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dihasilkan dikategorikan sangat valid oleh validator dengan nilai rata-rata (91,55) dilihat dari aspek kelayakan isi (92,5), aspek penyajian dan tampilan (86,15), dan aspek bahasa (96). Hasil penelitian pada uji efektivitas dikategorikan efektif (100%) karena hasil tes siswa lebih dari KKM yaitu 75%. Modul yang dihasilkan dikategorikan sangat praktis oleh guru dengan rata-rata persentase (98,33%). Serta dikategorikan sangat praktis oleh siswa dengan rata-rata (97,39%). Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa modul pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia berbasis saintifik untuk siswa kelas V SDN 20 Talawi dinyatakan sangat valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bagi siswa kelas V.
Village Apparatus Competence, Individual Morality, Internal Control System and Whistleblowing System on Village Fund Fraud
Authors: Wahyudi Sugeng , Achmad Tarmizi , Pamungkas Imang Dapit
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to test and explain the influence of village apparatus competence, individual morality, internal control system, and whistleblowing system on the prevention of village fund fraud. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive research design. Sources of data in this study using primary data obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires to village officials in Sumowono District, Central Java, Indonesia with 99 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the competence of village officials, individual morality, internal control systems, and whistleblowing systems simultaneously have a significant effect on the prevention of village fund fraud. Partially, the competence of village officials, individual morality, internal control systems, and whistleblowing systems have a positive effect on the prevention of village fund fraud.
Determinants of Wheat Consumption, Irrigated Agriculture, and Food Security Challenges in Egypt
Authors: Almas Lal K. , Usman Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Wheat is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops and consumable staple food globally. Internal production efforts are essential to reduce the ever increasing gap between production and consumption of wheat in Egypt. The production-consumption gap can be reduced through advanced agriculture, innovative wheat varieties, land expansion, bio-saline agriculture, and other water management practices. This research study aims to investigate the determinants of wheat consumption in Egypt, find the price, income, and cross price demand elasticities of wheat. For empirical analysis, the annual time series data from 1961 through 2020 is collected from different sources. The data is analyzed through the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model to investigate the long-run demand determinants of wheat in Egypt. The estimated results indicate the presence of a long-term relationship among determinants of wheat consumption. The results of own price, GDP per capita, and population reveal that wheat is a necessity food. Similarly, the estimates of rice price, corn consumption, and barley consumption indicate that such commodities are substitutes for wheat in Egypt. Based on these estimates, it is suggested that the policy makers in the Egyptian government and all other stakeholders need to concentrate on a comprehensive policy for parallel consumption of wheat, rice, corn, and barley. It is also recommended that the Egyptian government must focus on exploring ways including bio-saline agriculture to increase domestic wheat production to reduce wheat imports, save valuable foreign exchange, and overcome some of the food security challenges in Egypt
An Integrative Review of Self-efficacy: what Factors Enhance and Impair it?
Authors: Tusianah Rias , Sutarsyah Cucu , Sukirlan Muhammad , Ridwan Ridwan , Nurmalisa Yunisca , Isnainy Usastiawaty C.A.S , Maydiantoro Albet , Zainaro M. Arifki , Kesuma Tubagus Ali Rachman Puja
Published: July 2021

This paper studies and analyzes self-efficacy with previous empirical research to find out and understand the factors that influence the strengthening and weakening of self-efficacy. The analysis that the authors conducted include the fields of education, health, leadership, and psychology. The sample articles for this study were academic papers obtained from the Google Scholar search engine and other sources including Sage, Routledge (Taylor & Francis), Elsevier, Springer, Eric, and Scopus. The author uses an integrated review method, a total of 20 papers were analyzed. This study has two conclusions, namely (1) factors such as feelings of fair treatment, well-organized activities, programs designed according to participant characteristics, stress at a manageable level of thinking, appropriate load, sense of expectation, and good experience, can increase self-efficacy, (2) on the contrary, feelings of discrimination, many problems that are difficult to overcome, lack of support, and a burdensome environment can damage self-efficacy
The Assessment Of Financial Management As A Tools For Control Public Sector
Authors:   PhD Student Of City University Cambodia, Mohammed Ali Umar
Published: July 2021

This study was carried out with a view of assessment of financial management as a tool for control in public sector. With special reference to ministry of finance, Borno State and to suggest on how to alleviate them. These included: (1) lack of good records keeping. (2) Mismanagement of funds and, (3) centralization of meaning financial resources in the execution of the ministry among other things: the reviewed was the review of related literature. The related was management, public sector, financial control, characteristics of financial control result in key areas, objective of financial control, and import of financial control and financial management. Following importance description of method of data collection, one hundred (100) management staff were issued to them. Some expected validity of the instrument use for the research work were personal interview. Similarly, the presentation of the various information received from the respondents were been tabulated and shown. There are various discussions in the outcome of the summary, conclusion and observed recommendations based on the outcome of the research work to the case study and of course, the acknowledgment of the various past writers used.
Improving The Formation Of Competitive Marketing Strategy For Corporate Structures
Authors:   Independent Researcher At Tashkent State University Of Economics, Uzbekistan, Amirkulov Akram Ziyaevich
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the issues of improving the formation of a competitive marketing strategy in the corporate structures of the chemical industry in a market economy, consistent with the efficiency of corporate governance.
Methodological Approaches To Quality Management And Strategic Management Integrated System
Authors:   Professor Of The Department Of Corporate Governance, Tashkent Institute Of Textile And Light Industry, Uzbekistan, Isaev Ravshan Abdurahmonovich
Published: July 2021

The article examines the issues of improving the methodological approaches to the integrated system of quality management and strategic management in textile enterprises.
Analysis Of The Use Of Marketing Tools At The Current Stage Of Development Of The Banking Services Market
Authors:   University Of World Economy And Diplomacy Head Of The Department “International Finance And Investment”, Uzbekistan, Adkhamovna Sharipova Umidakhon , Latifovna Azimova Gulnoza ,   Doctoral Student University Of World Economy And Diplomacy, Expert Of Small Credits Department Of "Kapitalbank", Uzbekistan
Published: July 2021

In order to understand the success of the world banks, we will analyze the marketing tools used by foreign specialists in the field of banking. At the same time, it is necessary to define the concepts of "bank marketing" and "bank marketing tools". Bank marketing is the process of regularly improving and improving the efficiency of the bank's activities with the help of a certain set of tools within the framework of the interaction marketing concept and taking into account the market strategy based on the opinion, preferences and needs of consumers.
SHRIMP U-Pb single zircon geochronology of a Proterozoic mafic dyke, Isukasia, southern West Greenland
Authors: Nutman Allen P. , Hagiya Hiroshi , Maruyama Shigenori
Published: July 2021

Noritic dykes which are orientated north-south are early members of the Proterozoic dyke
swarms which cut the Archaean craton of West Greenland. A diffuse-margined felsic patch
within a >100 m wide dyke at Isukasia is interpreted to have crystallised at the same time
as the rest of the dyke. Three zircons were separated from a 500 g sample of the felsic
patch. Two of the grains are prismatic, euhedral, metamict with very high U contents, and
are interpreted to have crystallised at the same time as the felsic patch. The most concordant
analyses from the first two grains yield a weighted mean ^"Pb/^Pb age of 2214 ± 10 Ma
(2F). The third grain is somewhat rounded, non-metamict with a low U content, and four
spots yield ^"Pb/^Pb ages between 3390 and 3310 Ma. This is within error of whole-rock
Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isochron ages (with large uncertainties) for pegmatites forming part of
the country rocks to the dyke. 2214 ± 10 Ma is interpreted as the time of emplacement and
crystallisation of the dyke, during which it assimilated blocks of country rocks, giving rise
to the felsic patches and inherited zircons such as the >3300 Ma grain.
Seismically detected porous Zechstein carbonates in
Southern Jutland, Denmark
Authors: Maver Kim Gunn
Published: July 2021

Zechstein carbonates in Southern Jutland, Denmark, have been explored by 10 wells since
1952, and a total of more than 2000 km of 2D seismic data has been acquired by various
contractors. Seismic modelling, based on all the well data, is used as an aid to predict the
lateral distribution of porous Zechstein carbonate intervals from the seismic data.
ID seismic modelling is used to define the maximum number of intervals detected by
the seismic sections at well locations. The ID seismic modelling results are also used to
derive 2D acoustic impedance models and corresponding synthetic seismograms. The
seismic modelling results illustrate a number of diagnostic reflection patterns associated
with the porous carbonate intervals. The predicted distribution of porous carbonate intervals
is, however, found to be uncertain, as thickness and porosity variations of each interval
cannot be distinguished. Furthermore, thin porous carbonate intervals are not detected by
the seismic sections, and the seismic reflection patterns indicating the presence of porous
carbonate intervals can be associated with other lithologies.
Porous Ca-la, Ca-lb, Ca-2 and Ca-3 carbonate intervals are found to be detected by the
seismic sections only in the Zechstein platform area, and only the porous Ca-2 carbonate
interval can be mapped
Upper Cenozoic sequences in the southeastern North Sea
Basin
Authors: Sørensen Jan C. , Michelsen Olaf
Published: July 2021

The Upper Cenozoic deposits, which cover the "mid-Miocene unconformity" in the
southeastern North Sea Basin are subdivided into thirty-one sequences. Progradation from
the east to the west is observed. The lowstand systems tracts appear seismically as
prograding wedges. The top lowstand surface is recognized as a toplap surface in areas
where high-angle progradation dominates the stratal pattern, indicating the presence of a
bypass zone formed during lowstand progradation. The maximum flooding surface is
identified on logs as a maximum gamma ray peak, which separates an upward fining from
an upward coarsening trend. The two trends represent the transgressive and the highstand
systems tracts, respectively.
Sequence boundaries are commonly associated with widespread erosion. The presence
of both fluvial and submarine erosion is interpreted on the basis of the orientation of
incision and the position of erosion relative to the depositional shoreline break of the
preceding sequence.
In Late Miocene times the Ringkøbing-Fyn High partly separated the southeastern North
Sea into two embayments, which were connected by a deep seaway towards the west.
Sediment accumulation rates seem to have culminated during periods with decreasing
palaeo-temperatures. During relatively cold periods, the sequences were deposited as prograding wedges with a limited lateral extent. Two periods with maximum palaeotemperatures are time-equivalent with the two most distinct maximum flooding surfaces
and intervals characterized by low sediment accumulation rates.
Sequence stratigraphie subdivision of the Oligocène
and Miocene succession in South Jutland
Authors: Rasmussen E. S.
Published: July 2021

The present study is based on seismic data and log interpretation from six wells
located in the southern part of Jutland (Denmark). The Oligocène and Miocene
succession has been subdivided into six depositional sequences. Most of the sequences are of Type 1. The development of the Oligocène and Miocene sequences
suggests a strong relationship with glacio-eustatic sea-level variations. Each sequence consists of a lowstand systems tract, which either corresponds to detached
prograding intervals or coarse-grained deposits, a transgressive systems tract, and
a highstand systems tract. Changes in the overall pattern of the Oligocène and
Miocene succession, however, suggest variation in elevation of the hinterland due
to different uplift of Fenno-Scandia and Baltic Shields. The depositional environment was characterized by shelf and nearshore sediments in a rapidly changing
environment where the shoreline migrated/retreated across South Jutland several
times.
Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions
Authors: Pem Barbara , Ćurlin Marija , Domazet Jurašin Darija , Vrček Valerije , Barbir Rinea , Micek Vedran , Fratila Raluca M , de la Fuente Jesus M , Vinković Vrček Ivana
Published: July 2021

The exploitation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in biomedicine represents more than one third of their overall application. Despite their wide use and significant amount of scientific data on their effects on biological systems, detailed insight into their in vivo fate is still lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the biotransformation patterns of AgNPs following oral administration. Colloidal stability, biochemical transformation, dissolution, and degradation behaviour of different types of AgNPs were evaluated in systems modelled to represent biological environments relevant for oral administration, as well as in cell culture media and tissue compartments obtained from animal models. A multimethod approach was employed by implementing light scattering (dynamic and electrophoretic) techniques, spectroscopy (UV–vis, atomic absorption, nuclear magnetic resonance) and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results demonstrated that AgNPs may transform very quickly during their journey through different biological conditions. They are able to degrade to an ionic form and again reconstruct to a nanoparticulate form, depending on the biological environment determined by specific body compartments. As suggested for other inorganic nanoparticles by other research groups, AgNPs fail to preserve their specific integrity in in vivo settings.
On-Chip PCR Based Plasmonic Microfluidic Platform: Ultrafast Point-of-Care Diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   Biotechnology Kiosk, Agrawal Megha
Published: July 2021

It is critically important to have rapid screening and identification of contagious viral diseases such as the current COVID-19 pandemic that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Rapid and accurate diagnostic is essential for preventing worldwide spread of virus and ensuring in-time care for patients during the fast spread of pandemic diseases. Nanobiotechnology enabled tools have allowed to develop advanced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based diagnostics of contagious viral diseases. To this end, microfluidic on-chip PCR platforms have shown huge promise for highly efficient, rapid and small-volume bioassay for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic applications in mitigating the challenges of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we discuss latest advances in ultrafast, real-time, and on-chip nanoplasmonic PCR for rapid and quantitative molecular diagnostics at POC level.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru PAUD dalam Pembuatan Video Pembelajaran Sains Berbasis Smartphone
Authors: Shofiyah Noly , Nisak Aulina Choirun , Efendi Nur
Published: July 2021

Akibat dari pandemic covid-19, seluruh kegiatan belajar mengajar dari level TK sampai Perguruan tinggi harus dilaksanakan secara daring (online). Namun pembelajaran daring juga menjadi masalah bagi guru karena dituntut untuk berinovasi dalam pengajaran agar siswa tetap belajar sebagaimana mereka lakukan di sekolah. Dalam hal ini, mitra dalam kegiatan ini yaitu TK Aisyiyah 7 Kalidawir dan KB Aisyiyah 8 Putat mengalami kendala dalam hal pembuatan video pembelajaran sains yang kreatif, inovatif dan menarik berbasis smartphone. Oleh karena itu, diselenggarakan kegiatan workshop yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam pembuatan video pembelajaran sains AUD.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penyampaian inovasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan adalah pengajaran langsung, tanya jawab, dan pemberian proyek. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan kurang lebih 1 bulan. Selain itu, juga dilakukan pendampingan dan evaluasi dengan pemberian angket kepada para peserta workshop. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah keterampilan guru-guru dalam membuat video pembelajaran sains untuk AUD berbasis smartphone dengan aplikasi Kinemaster meningkat. Selain itu, 94 % guru-guru sangat setuju bahwa materi pelatihan sesuai dengan kebutuhan kerja dan metode yang digunakan bersifat interaktif.
COVID-19 Pandemisinde Gebelerin Psikolojik İyilik Halleri
Authors: FIRTINA TUNCER Serap
Published: July 2021

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi, sağlık sorunlarına neden olduğu gibi toplumsal düzeyde alınan önlemler nedeniyle de olumsuz sosoyoekonomik sonuçlara, insanların günlük yaşamında da kısıtlamalara yol açmıştır. Amacımız, global ve ulusal olumsuz sonuçlara yol açan COVID-19 pandemisinde maternal anksiyete ve depresyonun prevelansının araştırılması, anksiyete ve depresyona etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesidir.
Gereçler ve yöntem: Temmuz-Kasım 2020 tarihlerinde kliniğimize kontrol amaçlı başvuran gebeler çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen gebelerden pandemi döneminde davranışlarını ve demografik özelliklerini içeren sorulara yanıt vermeleri istenmiştir. Katılımcıların depresyon ve anksiyete seviyeleri, Beck depresyon ve Beck anksiyete ölçekleri ile araştırılmıştır. Anksiyete ve depresyona etki eden faktörler multipl lojistik regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: 310 gebe çalışma kapsamında değerlendirildi. Katılımcıların medyan yaşı 29 (25.-75. Yüzdelik; 25-33) olarak bulundu. 198 (%63,9) olguda anksiyete tespit edilirken, 86 (%27,7 )olguda depresyon tespit edildi. COVID-19 pandemisinde anksiyete riskinin şehir merkezinde yaşama ile arttığı (OR: 10,269 95% CI: 5,676-18,580, P
Differentiation in Neurological Soft Sign Scores on Schizophrenic Patients with Antipsychotic Treatment
Authors: Thioritz Wempy , Limoa Erlyn , Hutomo J. C. , Syamsuddin Saidah , Lisal Sonny T.
Published: July 2021

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness that affects cognitive aspect of a patient which need long term care with antipsychotics. Long term use of antipsychotic itself causes neurobiological change in the brain which results in alteration of cognitive function. The latest research had demonstrated that NSS (Neurological Soft Sign) reflect a rather wide range of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia which was not accounted for by age, education or severity of global cognitive deficits. Therefore, we examined the effects and impact of antipsychotic Haloperidol and Risperidone treatment in schizophrenic patient using NSS scores. The Study showed that chronic schizophrenia patients had a higher NSS scores than acute patients. NSS also significantly associated with all neuropsychological domains of MMSE in both groups and were confirmed when age, education and severity of global cognitive deficits were not accounted for. This study also obtained a lower NSS score in patients who received Risperidone therapy compared to Haloperidol with p = 0.003. Out of 5 NSS domain in the Heidelberg scale, there was a significant improvement in motor coordination and motor sequencing (p = 0.004) and (p = 0.048) in patients who received Risperidone therapy compared to Haloperidol. There was an association between the chronicity of the disease and NSS, NSS also shows that it’s not influenced by age, education and severity of global cognitive deficits as a screening instrument. Finally the improvement of NSS scores in the Risperidone group was far superior compared to the Haloperidol group particularly in motor coordination and motor sequencing.
Expression of CCL27 in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma
Authors: Edward Yan , Decroli Eva , Ali Hirowati , Tjong Djong Hon
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Cholesteatoma is a lesion of the temporal bone lined by stratified squamous epithelium that contains desquamated keratin. Cholesteatoma is considered more aggressive during childhood. The molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma formation is still unclear. Previous studies reported on immunohistochemical examination and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) found that TCN1 and CCL27 were involved in the process of cholesteatoma keratinocytes and dermal endothelial cells. In skin tumors derived from keratinocytes, there is a protective mechanism of antitumor T cell-mediated by reducing CCL27 expression.

AIM: The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of chemokine ligand 27 (CCL27) in cholesteatoma.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional comparative study. Cholesteatoma specimens were obtained from 15 patients who underwent surgery and 15 normal retroauricular skin as control. The specimen’s gene expression was examined with real-time PCR (RT-PCR).

RESULTS: The expression of CCL27 was 36.215 ± 45.848 ng/ul in cholesteatoma, while it is 9.692 ± 15.760 ng/ul in normal retroauricular skin. The expression of CCL 27 in cholesteatoma was higher than in normal retroauricular skin, but it was not significant (p > 0.05)

CONCLUSION: The expression of CCL27 in cholesteatoma was higher than in normal retroauricular skin.
Leaf morphological and anatomical structure of pregenerative individuals of Ferula tadshikorum in ex situ conditions
Authors: Khamraeva Dilovar T. , Grabovec Nina V. , Bussmann Rainer W , Khojimatov Olim K.
Published: July 2021

For the first time, the morphological and anatomical structures of the leaves of different age individuals of the medicinal and rare species F. tadshikorum were studied in Tashkent Botanical Garden. Currently, natural populations of the species are in decline, and for the preservation and production of medicinal raw materials, research on the ex situ development conditions is needed. According to the results, adaptive responses to new habitat conditions in the anatomical structures of the vegetative organs were found. Plants of juvenile and immature development stages retained the the mesophyll's isolateral-palisade type, but differed in other quantitative and qualitative indicators of leaf tissues. Immature plants of the second year of life with more developed leaves showed modifications in the anatomical structure of the leaves, with powerfully developed vascular bundles, mechanical tissue, secretory ducts, as well as the presence of deep fibers both above the phloem of peripheral bundles, and also above the phloem of the central bundles of the petiole.
Impacts of Nursing Student Burnout on Psychological Well-Being and Academic Achievement
Authors: Wei Holly , Dorn Alexandra , Hutto Hailey , Webb Corbett Robin , Haberstroh Amanda , Larson Kim
Published: July 2021

Background:

Burnout, depression, and suicide among health care professionals and learners have reached a rampant level. This systematic review aimed to synthesize literature findings of nursing student burnout and its impact on psychological well-being and academic performance.

Method:

This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and included data-based studies on nursing student burnout published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2015 and January 2020.

Results:

This review included 17 articles. Four major themes were identified: 1) a negative relationship between burnout and student self-concept, 2) a negative association between burnout and student engagement, 3) risk factors contributing to student burnout, and 4) interventions to mitigate student burnout. Promoting positive self-concept, engagement, and resilience may alleviate student academic burnout.

Conclusion:

Student burnout has negative influences on health and academics, and interventions to mitigate burnout should be considered early in nursing programs. Nurse educators can create an engaging learning environment to build resilience and reduce burnout.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(7):369–376.]
A Simulated Perioperative Clinical Day for Prelicensure Nursing Students
Authors: Parvis Kristin , Badowski Donna , Martin Donna
Published: July 2021

Background:

The inclusion of perioperative clinical learning experiences in prelicensure nursing education reinforces foundational nursing skills. However, perioperative experiences in clinical settings are not consistently available for student learning.

Method:

An unfolding perioperative simulation day was created as an alternate to traditional clinical learning. Three simulation-based experiences were designed to include nursing care of the patient during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of the perioperative experience.

Results:

Implementation of a perioperative simulation as an alternative to traditional clinical learning in one prelicensure program had positive effects on students' ability to achieve learning outcomes, to collaborate, and to improve self-confidence.

Conclusion:

A simulated perioperative clinical day provides an engaging learning experience, reinforcing foundational clinical skills such as patient safety, infection control, patient mobility, teamwork, and communication.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(7):386–390.]

.
Overcoming Barriers to PhD Education in Nursing
Authors: Williams Janet K. , Sicard Karen , Lundstrom Alicia , Hart Susan
Published: July 2021

Background:

Doctoral programs continue to have high attrition rates. This article discusses barriers and success strategies for developing a new PhD program in nursing.

Method:

A university in the southeastern United States surveyed current Master of Science in Nursing students and graduates regarding barriers to enrolling in a doctoral program. The faculty and administrators developed strategies to guide students to success in a new PhD program.

Results:

Significant barriers to entering nursing doctoral education included financial constraints, job and family responsibilities, lack of program flexibility and faculty mentoring, and fear of research and the dissertation process. Strategies instituted were accelerated learning, convenient scheduling, and early guided dissertation work.

Conclusion:

Recommendations for strengthening doctoral education are aimed at three significant components to guide the dissertation process: commitment, connectedness, and continuous improvement.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(7):400–403.]
Student Perspectives: Discussion Boards as Learning Strategies in Online Accelerated Nursing Courses
Authors: Scott Melissa , Turrise Stephanie L.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Discussion boards are frequently used as learning strategies in online nursing courses. Student perceptions of this strategy have not been fully explored. This study aimed to determine student perspectives and preferences of discussion boards as learning strategies in online accelerated nursing courses.

Method:

This mixed-method pilot study described RN-to-Bachelor of Science in Nursing (RN-to-BSN) (
n
= 27) and Master of Science in Nursing: Nurse Educator (MSN-NE) (
n
= 37) student perceptions and preferences for discussion boards as learning strategies.

Results:

Students had an overall positive perception about using discussion boards as learning strategies. RN-to-BSN students preferred a discussion summary over faculty participation. MSN-NE students preferred faculty participation but also found a summary to be helpful.

Conclusion:

A well-designed discussion can enhance student engagement and contribute to successful online learning experiences. Faculty should use a combination of real-time feedback through active participation and provide a discussion summary. Deciding how faculty should engage may depend on the complexity of course content being explored.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(7):419–421.]
Network Analysis in Systems Epidemiology
Authors: Park JooYong , Choi Jaesung , Choi Ji-Yeob
Published: July 2021

Traditional epidemiological studies have identified a number of risk factors for various diseases using regression-based methods that examine the association between an exposure and an outcome (i.e., one-to-one correspondences). One of the major limitations of this approach is the “black-box” aspect of the analysis, in the sense that this approach cannot fully explain complex relationships such as biological pathways. With high-throughput data in current epidemiology, comprehensive analyses are needed. The network approach can help to integrate multi-omics data, visualize their interactions or relationships, and make inferences in the context of biological mechanisms. This review aims to introduce network analysis for systems epidemiology, its procedures, and how to interpret its findings.
El puñal Monte Bernorio de la tumba 32 de la necrópolis de Las Ruedas ¿arma y objeto de veneración de los antepasados? Nueva propuesta sobre la iconografía desarrollada en su pomo
Authors: De Pablo Martínez Roberto
Published: July 2021

Tres décadas después del descubrimiento de la tumba 32 de Las Ruedas reinterpretamos el significado de la iconografía desarrollada en el reverso del pomo que allí se encontró a la luz de los nuevos datos, interpretaciones y estudios sobre diferentes ámbitos de la cultura vaccea que se puedan ver relacionados con la iconografía ahí desarrollada. Comenzamos con una revisión de las figuras representadas, después damos una explicación a las mismas de forma individualizada, para, finalmente, hacer una lectura de forma conjunta de la escena.
Altitud del límite superior de bosque en el Eje Neovolcánico Mexicano, un referente climático de la alta montaña en México
Authors: Soto Molina Víctor Hugo , Pech Canché Juan Manuel , Alanís Méndez José Luís
Published: July 2021

Se identificó el límite superior de bosque continuo y discontinuo en las montañas superiores a 4000 metros sobre el nivel del mar en México. El estudio se basó en el índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada y mediante el análisis de componentes principales. Para el primer caso, se encontró que en cada vertiente el límite de bosque alcanza una altitud distinta; sin embargo, en promedio el bosque continuo culmina a 4019 y el discontinuo a 4072 msnm. Por su parte, el análisis estadístico permitió determinar que la precipitación, el tipo de suelo y la tasa de radiación solar a nivel de superficie son los principales factores que rigen su altitud. Finalmente se halló que el régimen de temperatura encontrado en esta frontera se aproxima a los valores estándares de la zona intertropical.
La construction du sujet scolaire dans les recherches en Information-Documentation
Authors: Cordier Anne
Published: July 2021

Comment appréhender le « sujet apprenant numérique », autrement dit l’élève-jeune-chercheur d’information, au sein des recherches en sciences de l’information et de la communication ? Les difficultés épistémologiques pour répondre à cette question sont nombreuses : l’entrée générationnelle stigmatise ce public, tandis que l’entrée usager de l’information comprend en elle une force légitimante. Les sciences de l’information et de la communication ont pourtant beaucoup à apporter aux recherches menées par d’autres disciplines dans ce domaine. Toutefois, les cadres d’analyse à notre disposition se révélant pour partie inféconds pour comprendre dans toute sa complexité ce sujet, nous proposons de penser une articulation entre pratiques informationnelles, attitudes et représentations des acteurs, prenant en compte les espaces sociaux, matériels et symboliques dans lesquels s’inscrivent ces pratiques. Pour ce faire, il convient d’affirmer la formalité de toutes les pratiques informationnelles, fruit d’une rencontre entre logiques individuelles et sociales, à travers une approche écologique de l’information.
Elèves, apprentissages et « numérique » : regard rétrospectif et perspectives
Authors: Baron Georges-Louis
Published: July 2021

De l’audiovisuel au « numérique », une série de vagues de technologies de l’information et de la communication ont déferlé sur le système éducatif, puis reflué. Chacune a eu ses propres caractéristiques, visé ses propres objectifs, qu’il s’agisse de suppléer à un manque perçu d’enseignants, d’individualiser l’enseignement, de susciter la collaboration entre apprenants, de former une génération de citoyens capables de prendre en compte les enjeux que véhiculaient ces technologies. Une constante se manifeste pourtant : à chaque vague on s’est demandé si l’on avait affaire à de nouveaux objets ou à de nouveaux outils d’enseignement et on s’est interrogé sur les moyens de prendre en compte ces différentes valences au sein du système scolaire. Le texte qui suit s’intéresse à cette tension d’un point de vue d’abord historique puis prospectif. Il analyse en particulier l’évolution des grands choix théoriques de la recherche sur la technologie éducative puis discute des différentes orientations visant à justifier et soutenir la mise en place de nouveaux enseignements.