bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Parent’s Smartphone Dependency on Child’s Smartphone Dependency: Serial Mediating Effects of Parenting, Child’s Depression and Aggression
Authors: Yoon Sojin , Lee Myeongseong , Lee Joonwoo , Hong Sehee
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study examined the two-way effect of a parent’s smartphone dependency on child’s smartphone dependency focusing on the serial mediating effects of positive/negative parenting, and child’s depression/aggression.Methods: The sample comprised 2,290 fifth-grade elementary school students and their parents (father or mother). The results of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation were calculated using SPSS 25 and the mediation model was analyzed using AMOS 25.0. The comparison among the serial mediation models was analyzed using AMOS 25.0 syntax.Results: A parent’s smartphone dependency had a significant direct effect on child’s smartphone dependency. The mediating effects of both positive/negative parenting and child’s depression/agression on the relationship between parent’s and child’s smartphone dependency were significant, supporting the serial mediation model. As a parent’s smartphone dependency increased, negative parenting increased while the positive parenting decreased. As negative parenting increased, a child’s depression and aggression did as well, finally leading to higher levels of smartphone dependency in the child. In contrast, as positive parenting increased, the child’s depression and aggression decreased leading to lower levels of smartphone dependency in the child. The path from parent’s to child’s smartphone dependency through negative parenting and aggression had the highest mediation effect.Conclusion: This study showed that the child’s smartphone dependency is affected by not only by childrelated factors (depression and aggression) but also parent-related factors (smartphone dependency and parenting). Additionally, comparing mediational effects, interventions focusing on negative parenting and child’s aggression might be more effective to reduce levels of child smartphone dependency.
Parenting Stress and Related Factors of Parents in Self-Support Groups
Authors: Kim Tae-Yeon , Lee Na-Yeon
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between positive and negative effects of participating in self support group, attitudes towards self support group, parenting efficacy, and parenting stress among parents with preschool children by using structural equation modeling.Methods: The participants in this study were parents in Gyeonggido with at least one preschool child who participated in self-support groups. The number of participants was 495. The data were collected using an online survey, and structural equation modeling was employed to investigate significant factors related to parenting stress among parents in self-support groups. IBM SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 21.0 were used in this study to conduct statistical analysis.Results: First, attitudes toward self-support group had no direct effect on parenting efficacy and parenting stress. Second, negative effects of self-support group had a significant direct effect on parenting stress. Parenting efficacy had also a direct effect on parenting stress. Finally, through parenting efficacy, the positive effects of self-support group had both direct and indirect effects on parenting stress. Parents who perceived the self-support group as having a higher level of positive impact reported higher parenting efficacy and they were less likely to experience parenting stress.Conclusion: This study examined the mediation effect of parenting efficacy in relations between related factors of self support group(parents’ attitudes and perceived effects) and parenting stress. Individuals’ perceptions of the positive and negative effects of participating in self-support groups, rather than the circumstances of group activities, are highlighted in this study.
Maternal Parenting Stress, Mother-Child Interaction Activities, Maternal Parenting Behaviors, and Preschoolers’ School Readiness in Early Childhood: Longitudinal Effects on Children’s Academic Ability at School Entry
Authors: Won Youn-Sun , Doh Hyun-Sim
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to explore the longitudinal effects of maternal parenting stress, mother-child interaction activities, maternal parenting behaviors, and preschoolers' school readiness on children's academic ability at school entry in early childhood.Methods: This study used data from the seventh (T1) and eighth (T2) wave (2014ㅡ2015) of the Panel Study on Korean Children. The participants of this study were 942 between 6 and 7-year-old children and their mothers. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling.Results: First, the relationship between maternal parenting stress and children's academic ability at school admission was sequentially mediated by mother-child interaction activities and preschoolers' school readiness. The higher the maternal parenting stress, the lower the mother-child interaction activities, and the lower the mother-child interaction activities, the lower the degree of preschoolers' school readiness. The poor degree of preschoolers' school readiness was related to the children's low academic ability at school entry. Second, the relationship between maternal parenting stress and children's academic ability at school entry was sequentially mediated by parenting behaviors and preschoolers' school readiness. The higher the maternal parenting stress, the less positive maternal parenting behaviors were, and the less positive maternal parenting behaviors were, the lower the level of preschoolers' school readiness, and the lower the children's academic performance at school entry.Conclusion: This study indicated that maternal parenting stress, mother-child interaction activities, maternal parenting behaviors, and preschoolers' school readiness in early childhood influenced firstgrade children's academic performance.
Gute Führung
Authors: Nass Elmar
Published: December 2021

Das Führungsinstitut der US-Army hat in einem Handbuch einige Prinzipien und Werte für eine Führungsethik zusammengestellt, über die - bei aller Skepsis gegenüber militärischer Führungskultur - auch sozialwirtschaftliche Organisationen nachdenken sollten.
Beitrag zur Armutsprävention
Authors: Lenz Martin , Heibrock Regina
Published: December 2021

Eine aktivierende kommunale Sozialpolitik muss auch den Wohnungsmarkt im Blick haben, wie am Beispiel der Stadt Karlsruhe gezeigt werden kann.
Effektivität lässt sich planen
Authors: Diekmann Sonja
Published: December 2021

Organisationsmodelle, die auf Steuerung durch das Management bauen, verlieren unter dem Einfluss steigender Komplexität ihre Wirksamkeit. Um schneller auf Veränderungen reagieren zu können, braucht es stattdessen Modelle, in denen sich die Verantwortung auf mehrere Schultern verteilt. Dr. Sonja Diekmann beschreibt anhand eigener Erfahrungen aus der internationalen Flüchtlingshilfe, wie eine solche Transformation sogar innerhalb eines Monats gelingen kann.
Soziale Arbeit hörbar machen
Authors: Schäfer Annika , Letzelter Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Selbst produzierte Hörsendungen erfreuen sich großer Beliebtheit. Auch soziale Organisationen können sich dieses Formats bedienen, um zu informieren und um ihre Mitarbeitenden und Nutzer in unkomplizierter Weise zusammenzubringen. Das Podcast-Team des Kompetenzzentrums Freiwilligendienste des Paritätischen Landesverbandes Rheinland-Pfalz/Saarland zeigt, welche Voraussetzungen erfüllt sein müssen und wie man praktisch anfangen kann.
Depression Severity and Sexual Satisfaction in Fertile and Infertile Women in Iran: A Population-Based Case-Control Study
Authors: Bakhtiar Katayoun , Ardalan Arash , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Almasian Mohammad , Bastami Fatemeh
Published: December 2021

Background: Depression and sexual dissatisfaction are among the most common psychological factors caused by infertility. Infertility is an essential topic in the Iranian culture, and many studies have already investigated it. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the depression severity and sexual dissatisfaction between fertile and infertile women in Iran. Methods: This case-control study enrolled 180 infertile women and 540 fertile women in 2019. The participants were selected through multistage stratified and cluster sampling methods. For each infertile woman, three fertile women were randomly selected. The data collection instruments consisted of a demographic form, the Depression Inventory Scale (Second Edition), and the Linda Berg Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire. The multivariate marginal model and SPSS version 21 were used for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: After adjustment for confounding variables, the marginal model showed that the odds of depression increased by approximately 21.305 times among cases compared to controls (OR = 21.305, 95% CI = 14.75 - 32.021, P < 0.001). This model also found that by moderating the effects of confounding variables, infertility increased the odds of low sexual satisfaction by approximately 15.560 times (OR = 15.560, 95% CI = 5.089 - 47.571, P < 0.001). The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between infertility treatment and depression severity in infertile women (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The overall depression severity and sexual dissatisfaction were higher in the infertile group than in the fertile one. Most cases of severe depression were observed in IVF clinics with higher depression levels. The study may help reveal infertility's psychological and social aspects in Iran.
Apprehending “The Human”: Theological Anthropology and the Crisis of Credibility in the Social Sciences
Authors: Arner Neil ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2021

I specify both challenges and opportunities for integrating social scientific and theological accounts of “the human.” I first show that the interests of many theological ethicists lead them to engage social scientific studies. I then demonstrate that numerous social scientists caution against relying on their publications about the human since these results are of questionable generality and veracity. I next identify some research practices that are recommended by social scientists for restoring the credibility of their publication record. I also illustrate how theological ethicists can benefit from adopting these practices in their quest to provide a general and true account of the human. I conclude that theological anthropology is a rich locus for interdisciplinary engagement, though lasting work on this topic requires sacrificial commitment to the truth, honest willingness to scrutinize one’s sources, and patient attention to particularities.
Desoria calderonis sp. nov., a new species of alpine cryophilic springtail (Collembola: Isotomidae) from the Apennines (Italy), with phylogenetic and ecological considerations
Authors: Valle Barbara , Cucini Claudio , Nardi Francesco , Caccianiga Marco , Gobbi Mauro , Di Musciano Michele , Carapelli Antonio , Ficetola Gentile Francesco , Guerrieri Alessia , Fanciulli Pietro Paolo
Published: December 2021

We describe and delimit with integrative taxonomy the new springtail species Desoria calderonis sp. nov. (Collembola: Isotomidae). This cryophilic species is strictly linked to the supraglacial stony debris of the isolated Calderone glacier (Central Apennines, Italy), one of the southernmost glaciers of Europe. Desoria calderonis sp. nov. could belong to the nivalis-complex, a group of European mountain species included in the violacea-group. Genetic analysis (COI mtDNA barcoding) confirms the morphological attribution to the genus Desoria Nicolet in Desor, 1841, but highlights that the genus, in its current definition, is polyphyletic. We specify the peculiar micro-habitat preferences and highlight the threat of extinction for this cryophilic species in the context of the ongoing climate change and subsequent risk of complete disappearance of the glacier.
Clinical evaluation of non-invasive prenatal screening in 32,394 pregnancies from Changzhi maternal and child health care hospital of Shanxi China
Authors: Li XiaoZe , Wang LiHong , Yao ZeRong , Ruan FangYing , Hu ZhiPeng , Song WenXia
Published: December 2021

Background: Non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) is a highly sensitive and specific screening test to detect fetal chromosomal abnormalities. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the NIPS as an effective method for prenatal detection of aneuploidies in both high-risk and low-risk pregnancies. Methods: In current study, we performed NIPS in 32,394 pregnancies, out of which results were available in 32,361 (99.9%) of them. Illumina sequencing was performed for NIPS screening. Hypothesis Z test was used to classify fetal autosomal aneuploidy of T21, T18, and T13. Karyotyping was performed to determine the true negative and true positive NIPS results. Results: Among the 32,361 confirmed samples, 164 cases had positive results and 32197 cases had negative results. Of these positive cases, 116 cases were trisomy 21, 34 cases were trisomy 18 and 14 cases were trisomy 13. No false negative results were found in this cohort. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 99.91%, respectively. There was no significant difference in test performance between the 7,316 high-risk and 25,045 low-risk pregnancies, (sensitivity, 100% vs 100% (P>0.05); specificity, 99.96% vs 99.95% (P > 0.05)). Factors contributing to false-positive results included fetal copy number variants (CNVs), fetal mosaicism and typically producing Z scores between 3 and 4. Moreover, we analyzed NIPS wholegenome sequencing to investigate the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associations with drug response or risk of disease. As compare to the 1000g East Asian genome data, the results revealed a significant difference in 7,285,418 SNPs variants of Shanxi pregnant women including 19,293 clinvar recorded variants and 7,266,125 non-clinvar recorded. Conclusions: Our findings showed that NIPS was an effective assay that may be applied as routine screening for fetal trisomies in the prenatal setting. In addition, this study also provides an accurate assessment of significant differences in 7,285,418 SNPs variants in Shanxi pregnant women that were previously unavailable to clinicians in Shanxi population.
Report on high energy arcing fault experiments :
Authors: Putorti Anthony , Bareham Scott , Brown Christopher , Tam Wai Cheong , Hnetkovsky Edward , Thompson Andre , Selepak Michael , Deardorff Philip , Hamburger Kenneth , Melly Nicholas , Miller Kenneth , Taylor Gabriel
Published: December 2021

This report documents an experimental program designed to investigate High Energy Arcing Fault (HEAF) phenomena for low-voltage metal enclosed switchgear containing aluminum conductors. This report covers full-scale laboratory experiments using representative nuclear power plant (NPP) three-phase electrical equipment. Electrical, thermal, and pressure data were recorded for each experiment and documented in this report. This report covers experiments performed on two low-voltage switchgear units with each unit consisting of two vertical sections. The data collected supports characterization of the low-voltage HEAF hazard, and these results will be used to support potential improvements in fire probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methods. The experiments were performed at KEMA Labs located in Chalfont, Pennsylvania. The experimental design, setup, and execution were completed by staff from the NRC, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and KEMA. In addition, representatives from the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) observed some of the experimental setup and execution. The HEAF experiments were performed between August 26 and August 29, 2019 on near-identical Westinghouse Type DS low-voltage metal-enclosed indoor switchgear. The three-phase arcing fault was initiated on the aluminum main bus or in select cases on the copper bus stabs near the breaker. These experiments used either nominal 480 V (AC) or 600 V (AC). Durations of the experiments ranged from approximately 0.4 s to 8.3 s with fault currents ranging from approximately 9.2 kA to 19.3 kA. Real-time electrical operating conditions, including voltage, current, and frequency, were measured during the experiments. Heat fluxes and incident energies were measured with plate thermometers, radiometers, and slug calorimeters at various locations around the electrical enclosures. Environmental measurements of breakdown, conductivity, and electromagnetics were also taken. The experiments were documented with normal and high-speed videography, infrared imaging, and photography. The results, while limited, indicated the difficulty in maintaining and sustaining low-voltage arcs on aluminum components of sufficient duration and at a single point as observed from operating experience.
Report on high energy arcing fault experiments :
Authors: Putorti Anthony; , Bareham Scott , Brown Christopher , Tam Wai Cheong , Hnetkovsky Edward , Thompson Andre , Selepak Michael , Deardorff Philip , Hamburger Kenneth , Melly Nicholas , Miller Kenneth , Taylor Gabriel , Armijo Kenneth , Clem Paul , Cruz-Cabrera Alvaro Augusto , Demosthenous Byron , Glover Austin , LaFleur Chris , Martinez Raymond , Taylor James , Weaver Rana , Winters Caroline
Published: December 2021

This report documents an experimental program to investigate High Energy Arcing Fault (HEAF) phenomena. The experiments provide data to better characterize the arc to improve the prediction of arc energy emitted during a HEAF event. An open box allows for direct observation of the arc, jet, enclosure breach, material loss, and electrical properties. The experiments were performed at KEMA Labs located in Chalfont, Pennsylvania. The experimental design, setup, and execution were completed by staff from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and KEMA Labs. In addition, representatives from the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) observed some of the experimental setup and execution. The HEAF experiments were performed between August 22, 2019 and September 18, 2019 on near-identical 51 cm (20 in) cubic metal boxes suspended from a Unistrut support structure. A three-phase arcing fault was initiated at the ends of the conductors oriented vertically and located at the center of the box. Either aluminum or copper was used for the conductors. The low voltage experiments used 1000 volts AC, while the medium voltage experiments used 6900 volts AC consistent with other recently completed experiments. Durations of the experiment ranged from 1 s to 5 s with fault currents ranging from 1 kA to 30 kA. Real-time electrical operating conditions, including voltage, current, and frequency, were measured during the experiments. Heat fluxes and incident energies were measured with plate thermometers, plate calorimeters, and slug calorimeters at various locations around the electrical enclosures. The experiments were documented with normal and high-speed videography, infrared imaging, and photography.
On The Supposed Onshore Extension Of The Penyu Basin, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors:   Malaysian Continental Shelf Project, National Security Council, 62502 Putrajaya, Malaysia, Madon Mazlan
Published: December 2021

The Penyu Basin is a Tertiary sedimentary basin located offshore Peninsular Malaysia. The basin is assumed to continue westwards beneath the Pahang River delta where as much as 115 m of Quaternary sediments overlie a bedrock of pre-Tertiary granites and metamorphic rocks. No Pliocene or older sediments beneath the delta have been reported. If the Quaternary sediments are considered as part of the Cenozoic Penyu Basin, the basin’s western limit may be delineated at the foothills of the coastal plain where those sediments onlap onto pre-Tertiary rocks. Therefore, any sedimentary rock of Tertiary age that may occur to the west of that limit most probably represents a separate basin.
El problema de la enseñanza de los marcadores discursivos y su visualización: sobre “bueno” en la conversación coloquial española
Authors: Pardo Llibrer Adrià
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo reflexiona sobre la visualización de las funciones de los marcadores discursivos en el aula de E/LE, tomando como ejemplo la forma bueno. Esta visualización parte del modelo Val.Es.Co. para la segmentación del habla y articula las funciones de este marcador según su posición estructural y el ámbito sobre una unidad discursiva u otra. Esta metodología no solo resulta útil para la descripción lingüística, sino también para la enseñanza de los marcadores. La simplificación de esta metodología ofrece una visualización cuyas posibilidades, en último término, problematizamos.
Investigation on Acoustic Versus Functional Characteristics of Porous Asphalt
Authors: Praticò Filippo Giammaria , Fedele Rosario , Briante Paolo Giovanni
Published: December 2021

The theoretical background, standards, and contract requirements of pavement friction courses involve functional (e.g., permeability) and acoustic (e.g., resistivity) characteristics. Unfortunately, their relationship is partly unknown and uncertain. This affects the comprehensiveness and soundness of the mix design of asphalt pavements. Based on the issues above, the goals of this study were confined into the following ones: 1) to investigate the relationship between acoustic and functional properties of porous asphalts; 2) to investigate, through one-layer (1L) and two-layer (2L) models, the effectiveness of the estimates of acoustic input data through mixture volumetric- and permeability-related characteristics. Volumetric and acoustic tests were performed and simulations were carried out. Equations and strategies to support a comprehensive approach were derived. Results demonstrate that even if the measured resistivity is very important, permeability-based estimates of resistivity well explain acoustic spectra. Furthermore, the distance between observed and estimated peaks of the absorption spectrum emerges as the best error function.
THE USE OF SOLAR ENERGY IN CROATIA
Authors: Majdandžić Ljubomir
Published: December 2021

The Europeans are still facing extraordinary challenges and uncertainties in their daily lives to the extent that all efforts will still focus on protecting citizens and overcoming the crisis. The COVID-19 poses a challenge to Europe on a historical scale. At the request of Heads of State or Governments, the European Commission has presented a comprehensive package combining the future Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) and specific recovery efforts within the next generation EU (NGEU). The EU's Next Generation Fund (NGEU) represents the European Union's recovery package to support Member States affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The fund was approved by the European Council on July 21, 2020, and is worth €750 billion. The NGEU fund covers the period 2021 – 2023 and will be linked to the regular EU budget (MFF) from 2021 to 2027. The comprehensive NGEU and VFO packages are projected to reach €1,824.3 billion. Most of the investment relates to the reforms and investments regarding green and digital transition. To achieve the European Green Plan and the next generation EU plan, policies related to clean energy supply in the economy, industry, general production and consumption, infrastructure, transport, agriculture, construction, etc., need to be reconsidered. In the light of all the above mentioned, and to achieve the green and digital transition, one of the significant areas in Croatia is the use of renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, which will be discussed in more detail in this paper.
On the adequacy of translation of the lyrics by Fazu Aliyeva into the Russian language
Authors: Suleimanova Maryam Saidovna , Magomedova Mariza
Published: December 2021

The subject of this research is the adequacy of translation of Avar poetry into the Russian language on the example of the poem “If They Will Draw My Portrait” by the National Poet of Dagestan Fazu Gamzatovna Aliyeva. The object of this research is the lyrical works of Fazu Aliyeva and other Dagestan poets. Using the method of comparative analysis, the authors draw parallel between the Avar and Russian versions of F. Aliyeva’s poem, which has been translated by the Russian poet-translator Vladimir Turkin. The goal of this article lies in the comparative study of the lyrical poem by the Avar poet and its literary translation into the Russian language. The question of the literary translations of poetic texts from the native languages into the Russian language remains relevant at all times. The degree of accuracy and adequacy of the translation of modern or classic Dagestan poetic texts into the Russian language is yet to be fully researched. The novelty of this work consists in comprehensive analysis of the adequacy of translation of the lyrical texts of the Avar poet Fazu Aliyeva into the Russian language. The adequate professional translation into the Russian language is invaluable for the development of literature of the Caucasian peoples (and all national literatures of the peoples that are part of the Russian Federation). This helps them reach a wider readership. Juxtaposition of the original poetic text and its translation into the Russian language proves that Vladimir Turkin has achieved full adequacy of conveying the Avar text, despite the discrepancy in translating spatial details, which not in the slightest distorts the stylistic and emotional-expressive peculiarities inherent to the poem by the Dagestan poet Fazu Aliyeva.
Resilience to climate change: adaptation strategies for the water supply system of Formia and Gaeta (Province of Latina, Central Italy)
Authors: Lentini Azzurra , De Caterini Giovanni , Cima Ennio , Manni Rino , Della Ventura Giancarlo
Published: December 2021

The aqueduct serving the municipalities of Formia and Gaeta (Latina province, Italy), an area under the enforcement and control responsibility of “ATO 4” Autorità d’Ambito Territoriale Ottimale – (Integrated Urban Water Management Agency), is supplied by two important karst springs. These springs, fed by the western Aurunci Mountains system are known as Mazzoccolo and Capodacqua having an average flow rates of 1100 l/s and 1300 l/s, respectively. Although these sources have been used since ancient Roman times and the quality of their water is excellent, variations in the precipitation regime, possibly related to worldwide climate changes, has exacerbated the following problems: a decrease in the flow rates of the springs caused by the reduction in winter rainfall, and an increase of turbidity due to concentrated rainfall events. In order to mitigate these problems, which affect a resident population of about 150,000 inhabitants, Acqualatina S.p.A. - the water utility company - promoted a series of geological and hydrogeological surveys. These studies aim at increasing the knowledge on the geological setting and to find additional sources to improve the existing supply. Within the framework of these activities, we studied a strategy aimed at diversifying the water supply by identifying new exploitable aquifers in the area, to reduce the aforementioned problems. This paper presents the results of research carried out before and during the construction of the water well field “25 Ponti” located in the coastal area of the plain of Formia. The research consisted in laboratory analyses of 130 groundwater samples and in monitoring of piezometric trends. The data show a seasonal variation in groundwater chemical composition caused also by aquifer exploitation, which in some periods of the year affects the regulated reserves. This seasonal phenomenon was however present in absence of pumping.
Spatial tuning of face part representations within face-selective areas revealed by high-field fMRI
Authors: Zhang Jiedong , Jiang Yong , Song Yunjie , Zhang Peng , He Sheng
Published: December 2021

Regions sensitive to specific object categories as well as organized spatial patterns sensitive to different features have been found across the whole ventral temporal cortex (VTC). However, it is unclear that within each object category region, how specific feature representations are organized to support object identification. Would object features, such as object parts, be represented in fine-scale spatial tuning within object category-specific regions? Here, we used high-field 7T fMRI to examine the spatial tuning to different face parts within each face-selective region. Our results show consistent spatial tuning of face parts across individuals that within right posterior fusiform face area (pFFA) and right occipital face area (OFA), the posterior portion of each region was biased to eyes, while the anterior portion was biased to mouth and chin stimuli. Our results demonstrate that within the occipital and fusiform face processing regions, there exist systematic spatial tuning to different face parts that support further computation combining them.
The anterior paired lateral neuron normalizes odour-evoked activity in the Drosophila mushroom body calyx
Authors: Prisco Luigi , Deimel Stephan Hubertus , Yeliseyeva Hanna , Fiala André , Tavosanis Gaia
Published: December 2021

To identify and memorize discrete but similar environmental inputs, the brain needs to distinguish between subtle differences of activity patterns in defined neuronal populations. The Kenyon cells (KCs) of the Drosophila adult mushroom body (MB) respond sparsely to complex olfactory input, a property that is thought to support stimuli discrimination in the MB. To understand how this property emerges, we investigated the role of the inhibitory anterior paired lateral (APL) neuron in the input circuit of the MB, the calyx. Within the calyx, presynaptic boutons of projection neurons (PNs) form large synaptic microglomeruli (MGs) with dendrites of postsynaptic KCs. Combining electron microscopy (EM) data analysis and in vivo calcium imaging, we show that APL, via inhibitory and reciprocal synapses targeting both PN boutons and KC dendrites, normalizes odour-evoked representations in MGs of the calyx. APL response scales with the PN input strength and is regionalized around PN input distribution. Our data indicate that the formation of a sparse code by the KCs requires APL-driven normalization of their MG postsynaptic responses. This work provides experimental insights on how inhibition shapes sensory information representation in a higher brain centre, thereby supporting stimuli discrimination and allowing for efficient associative memory formation.
Design Process Models as Metaphors in Education Context
Authors: Bravo Úrsula , Bohemia Erik
Published: December 2021

We argue that visual representations of design processes contribute toward social and material practices of design(ing). They are used as didactic devices. We will discuss them using metaphors to illustrate that they are active material devices of which circulation, production and consumption are informed and informing perceived complexities, ambiguities and paradoxes associated with design. We propose a follow-up study to investigate how teachers and designers use and interpret visual design process models. The reason is to identify how these models are informing what design is as we are interested to understand how these models are contributing to the development of Design Literacies.
Организация и оплата медицинской помощи пациентам со злокачественными новообразованиями
Authors: Авксентьева М.В. , Железнякова И.А. , Зуев А.В. , Лазарева М.Л. , Ледовских Ю.А. , Михайлов И.А. , Омельяновский В.В. , Петровский А.В. , Семакова Е.В. , Серяпина Ю.В. , Сура М.В. , Тюрина И.В. , Федяев Д.В.
Published: December 2021

В книге разъясняются особенности оплаты медицинской помощи пациентам со злокачественными новообразованиями в Российской Федерации и обсуждаются связанные с ними организационные проблемы. Коллектив авторов включает сотрудников ФГБУ «Центр экспертизы и контроля качества медицинской помощи» Минздрава России, ФГБОУ ВПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России и ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)» Минздрава России, непосредственно участвовавших в разработке и совершенствовании подходов к оплате медицинской помощи в онкологии. Книга предназначена для специалистов по общественному здоровью и организации здравоохранения, врачей-онкологов и экономистов, работающих в медицинских организациях, которые оказывают медицинскую помощь пациентам со злокачественными новообразованиями.
Вещественная асимметрия Луны, "Природа"
Authors: Демидова С.И.
Published: December 2021

С самых ранних орбитальных наблюдений стало ясно, что Луна обладает глобальной асимметрией. Основные ее признаки — различия в топографии поверхности, мощности коры и в неравномерном распределении морских и материковых областей на видимой и обратной стороне Луны. Эти различия — результат самых ранних геологических процессов, обусловленных либо внутренними неоднородностями и связанными с ними термохимическими процессами, либо крупными ударными событиями. Поверхность Луны несет в себе свидетельства и тех и других. Совместный анализ имеющихся данных о составе лунных образцов и метеоритов, а также результатов глобального геохимического и минералогического картирования подтвердил существование различий в вещественном составе видимой и обратной стороны Луны. Однако однозначный вывод о происхождении глобальной асимметрии сделать по-прежнему невозможно.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ПОЛЯРНОЙ ФРОНТАЛЬНОЙ ЗОНЫ В БАРЕНЦЕВОМ МОРЕ В ПЕРВЫЕ ДВА ДЕСЯТИЛЕТИЯ XXI ВЕКА, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Коник А.А. , Зимин А.В. , Козлов И.Е.
Published: December 2021

Рассматривается пространственно-временная изменчивость характеристик Полярной фронтальной зоны (ПФЗ) в Баренцевом море в поверхностном слое за теплые сезоны с 2002 по 2020 гг. Кроме этого, проводится анализ повторяемости малых вихревых структур в области фронтальной зоны в разные годы и описывается связь характеристик ПФЗ с глобальными атмосферными процессами. Положение и характеристики ПФЗ в поверхностном слое Баренцева моря определялись на основе кластерного анализа, выделялись по данным спутниковых измерений. Вихревые структуры в области ПФЗ детектировались по изображениям радиолокаторов с синтезированной апертурой (РСА) Envisat Asar и Sentinel-1A/B. Для оценки влияния атмосферных процессов на характеристики ПФЗ использовались индексы NAO, EA, EA/WR и SCAND. Установлено, что внутригодовые значения горизонтальных градиентов температуры и солености в области ПФЗ оставались стабильными в течение теплого сезона и составляли 0.05 °С/км и 0.02‰/км, соответственно. Изменчивость межгодовых характеристик градиента температуры ПФЗ составила от 0.02 °С/км до 0.08 °С/км, солености от 0.01 до 0.03‰/км, площади — от 120 до 425 тыс. км. Установлено, что максимальные среднемесячные значения площади ПФЗ отмечались в 2007 г., а минимальные — в 2003 г. Полученные результаты показали, что после 2010 г. величина горизонтальных градиентов температуры и солености ПФЗ в поверхностном слое уменьшилась, что, вероятно, связано с процессом «атлантификации» Баренцева моря. Максимальное количество малых вихревых структур в области ПФЗ отмечалось в 2009 г. Показано, что индекс SCAND за предшествующий зимний сезон можно использовать в качестве предиктора для прогноза характеристик ПФЗ в летний период.
ВНЕШНЯЯ И ВНУТРЕННЯЯ ФОСФОРНАЯ НАГРУЗКА НА КРУПНЫЙ ТРАНСГРАНИЧНЫЙ ВОДОЕМ В УСЛОВИЯХ МИНИМАЛЬНОЙ ПРОТОЧНОСТИ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Кондратьев С.А. , Брюханов А.Ю. , Игнатьева Н.В. , Шмакова М.В. , Обломкова Н.С. , Коробченкова К.Д.
Published: December 2021

Представлены результаты оценки фосфорной нагрузки на крупнейший европейский трансграничный водоем — Чудско-Псковское озеро в условиях минимальной проточности, характерной для маловодного периода 2010—2015 гг. Расчет внешней фосфорной нагрузки выполнен с использованием модели формирования биогенной нагрузки ILLM (Institute of Limnology Load Model), разработанной в Институте озероведения РАН и учитывающей вклад точечных и рассредоточенных источников. Вынос с сельскохозяйственных полей определялся исходя из содержания Р в пахотном слое почвы, дозы внесения минеральных и органических удобрений на поля и их усвоения сельхозкультурами. Для оценки современных значений площадей различных типов подстилающей поверхности, являющихся входными данными для моделирования, применялись данные космической съемки, находящиеся в режиме свободного доступа. Расчет внутренней фосфорной нагрузки на озерную экосистему за счет вторичного поступления фосфора из донных отложений выполнен с привлечением данных натурных наблюдений на акватории. Использована методика, разработанная в Институте озероведения РАН и основанная на балансовых оценках основных потоков фосфора (седиментации, захоронения и поступления из донных отложений в воду) в пограничной зоне «вода–дно». Показано, что в условиях рассмотренного маловодного периода внутренняя фосфорная нагрузка превосходит внешнюю, что негативно сказывается на эвтрофировании озера.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КУРЕНИЯ ТАБАКА НА ТЕЧЕНИЕ БРОНХООБСТРУКТИВНОГО СИНДРОМА И ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Чумоватов Н.В. , Черных Н.А. , Романов В.В. , Антонов Н.С. , Эргешов А.Э.
Published: December 2021

Употребление табака широко распространено во всем мире. Установлено, что примерно треть взрослого населения курит табак. От причин, связанных с табакокурением, ежегодно умирает более 8 млн человек во всем мире. Одними из самых тяжелых заболеваний, связанных с курением табака, являются бронхообструктивные заболевания, в том числе хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ). Число пациентов с бронхообструктивными заболеваниями с каждым годом возрастает. Кроме того, при наличии бронхообструктивных нарушений возрастает риск присоединения инфекционных заболеваний, в том числе туберкулеза (ТБ) легких. Несмотря на снижение показателей заболеваемости ТБ, эпидемическая ситуация в мире, и в частности в Российской Федерации, сохраняется напряженной. В последние годы одной из главных проблем во фтизиатрической службе является значительный рост множественной (МЛУ) и широкой лекарственной устойчивости (ШЛУ) микобактерий туберкулеза (МБТ). Нами проведен анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы, который показывает негативное влияние табачного дыма на бронхолегочную систему организма, в том числе при возникновении туберкулезной инфекции. Многие исследования указывают, что употребление табака отрицательно влияет на работоспособность мерцательного эпителия, продукцию слизи, эффективность работы системы сурфактанта. Курение табака создает благоприятные условия для внедрения инфекционных агентов в организм человека, включая МБТ. Употребление табака широко распространено среди пациентов с ТБ легких во всем мире. Многие авторы указывают, что ТБ легких среди курильщиков протекает с более выраженной клинической и рентгенологической картиной, а именно с более частым формированием полостей распада легочной ткани, наличием бактериовыделения возбудителя. Волнообразное течение специфического процесса среди курильщиков наблюдается значительно чаще, а побочные реакции на прием противотуберкулезных препаратов возрастают в 1,6 раза. Изучение и пути ликвидации курения табака среди населения до сих пор являются нерешенными вопросами. Исходя из этого, повышение эффективности лечения пациентов с ТБ легких в сочетании с бронхообструктивными нарушениями является весьма актуальным. Важным компонентом в положительном лечении ТБ является борьба с курением табака среди пациентов.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ДИСТАНЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА ПО ДИСЦИПЛИНЕ «ФТИЗИАТРИЯ» В СТРАНАХ СНГ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19 , "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Сафарян М.Д. , Зурабян Л.А. , Коломиец В.М. , Ташпулатова Ф.К. , Буйневич И.В.
Published: December 2021

Цель исследования: анализ результатов использования дистанционного метода образовательного процесса в медицинских вузах отдельных стран содружества независимых государств (СНГ), проведенного в рамках межвузовского сотрудничества. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы особенности и проблемы использования различных методов образовательного процесса в странах СНГ при пандемии коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). Рассмотрены основные модели организации обучения, предполагающие традиционные и удаленные форматы обучения с применением дистанционных образовательных технологий. Результаты. В системе базового образования всех уровней и направлений подготовки дистанционный метод обучения может рассматриваться как форма, дополняющая и усиливающая социально-педагогический, организационный, психолого-дидактический потенциал традиционного («лицом к лицу») формата получения образования. В работе комплексно использовались методы теоретического (анализ, синтез, систематизация, сравнение и др.) и эмпирического (изучение литературы, беседа, анкетирование, наблюдение) исследования.
ТЕСТЫ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ МИКОБАКТЕРИЙ. ЧАСТЬ 3. МЕТОД ПРОПОРЦИЙ НА ЖИДКОЙ ПИТАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЕ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Смирнова Т.Г. , Ларионова Е.Е. , Андреевская С.Н. , Севастьянова Э.В. , Черноусова Л.Н.
Published: December 2021

Проведен краткий обзор основных этапов применения технологии автоматизации лабораторных исследований во фтизиатрии. Изложена методика определения чувствительности микобактерий к противотуберкулезным препаратам методом пропорций на жидких питательных средах: от приготовления рабочих растворов противотуберкулезных препаратов до подготовки пробирок, посева культур и проведения внутрилабораторного контроля качества.
Influence of Floral Origin and Storage Conditions on Physicochemical Properties of Libyan Honeys
Authors: Idris Al-Nagi A. , Abdalla Ahmed , Zeitoun Mohamed , Ali Salim
Published: December 2021

Aim: The effect of botanical origin and storage conditions on the quality of two Libyan monofloral honey samples (thyme and ziziphus honeys) were assessed during prolonged storage (12 months) at room temperature.

Methodology: Physicochemical properties (moisture, viscosity, electrical conductivity, acidity pH, 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural (HMF), diastase activity, sugars, and color) were monitored.

Results: Generally, moisture, acidity, diastatic activity, and color values were significantly higher in thyme honey, whereas viscosity, electrical conductivity, pH, HMF, and sugars content were higher in ziziphus honeys. In comparison with the initial values, viscosity, acidity, and HMF values of all honey samples increased during storage. Storage period and containers did not affect the electrical conductivity and sucrose contents for the two honey types, which were below the stipulated limits. Moisture content, pH, diastatic activity, color (L*), fructose, and glucose content decreased during storage. Honey samples stored in opaque container showed significantly lower changes in all parameters during the storage period compared to those stored in transparent bottles. The results showed that both honey types stored for 12 months at room temperature could be considered safe for human consumption according to maintaining physicochemical parameters.
Isolation and Identification of Anthracene Utilizing Proteus vulgaris from Oil Spill Contaminated Soil at NNPC Depot Kano State Nigeria
Authors: Shehu U. , Ahmad F. A. , Yusuf F. , Muhammad F. , Yakasai H. M.
Published: December 2021

Microbial biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) like Anthracene, represent an efficient, time, and cost-effective way for bioremediation of the polluted environment. This study was aimed at isolating, identifying and characterizing bacteria with potential to degrade and utilize anthracene as a sole carbon source. A bacteria was isolated from oil spilled contaminated site located in Kano, using an enrichment method on mineral salt media (MSM) following serial dilution (10-1-10-6). Characterization was done by studying the effects of temperature and pH on mineral salt media (MSM) containing anthracene. The isolate was then identified morphologically, biochemically and molecularly based on 16S rRNA partial gene sequence analysis. The morphological and microscopic examination of the isolate from this research shows that the isolate was creamy in color, motile, gram negative, short rod and non-spore forming respectively. The biochemical test of the isolate was found to be positive for these parameters (methyl red, catalase, motility, indole and urease) and negative for (citrate and oxidase). The 16S rRNA sequence and Phylogenetic analysis using neighbor joining tree and 1000 boos trap revealed that, the isolate was closely related (on the same clade) to Proteus vulgaris with accession number MW766369. Characterization was done by studying the effects of temperature and pH. The isolated bacterium was optimal at a temperature of 35ºC and pH 7.5. This isolate is a promising strain that could be used in bioremediation of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons polluted environment.
Validation of Genomic Selection Approach for Predicting Sheath Blight Resistance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.,)
Authors: . Mahantesh , Ganesamurthy K. , Das Sayan , Saraswathi R. , Gopalakrishnan C. , Gnanam R.
Published: December 2021

Rice sheath blight (ShB) is one of the most serious fungal diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani, instigating significant yield losses in many rice-growing regions of the world. Intensive studies indicated that resistance for sheath blight is controlled possibly by polygenes. Because of complex inheritance, it’s very difficult to exploit and tap all the genomic regions conferring resistance using classical approaches of QTL mapping, it’s very important to have a different strategy to harness such resistance mechanism. One promising approach that can potentially provide accurate predictions of the resistance phenotypes is genomic selection (GS). The research was undertaken with an objective to validate genomic selection approach for predicting sheath blight resistance involving 1545 Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from eleven crosses between resistant and susceptible parents (Jasmine 85XTN1, Jasmine 85XSwarnaSub1, Jasmine 85XII32B, Jasmine 85XIR54, TetepXTN1, TetepXSwarna Sub1, TetepXII32B, TetepXIR54, MTU 9992XTN1, MTU 9992XII32B and MTU 9992XIRBB4). Where, Jasmine 85, Tetep & MTU 9992 were resistant parents and TN1, Swarna Sub1, II32B, IR54 & IRBB4 were susceptible parents. During rainy season (2020) the F7 RILs were screened for their reaction to sheath blight in two hot spot locations. The genotyping was done with Illumina platform having 6564 SNP markers. Bayesian B approach was used to train the statistical model for calculation of marker effects and GEBVs. The prediction accuracy of training set (data fit analysis) obtained was 0.70 and random cross validation with different approaches, the prediction accuracy ranged from 0.67 to 0.74. The results are lucrative, all in all, high prediction accuracies observed in this study suggest genomic selection as a very promising breeding strategy for predicting sheath blight resistance in Rice.