bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Toxicity Evaluation of Salvia rhytidea and Glycine Max Extracts versus the Biochemical and Histological Indices of Liver and Kidney Functions in Mice
Authors:   Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Mandegary Ali , Kheirandish Reza ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Heidari Sepideh ,   Herbal and Traditional Medicine Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Mirtadzadini Mansour ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Asadi Amir ,   Herbal and Traditional Medicine Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Hassanabadi Navid ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Sharififar Fariba ,   Herbal and Traditional Medicine Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background: The safety of the use of medicinal plants is a general challenge among consumers. To improve the use, it is necessary to provide complete profiles of the natural medications for quality control and the therapeutic and toxicity effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the structural and functional toxicity of the methanolic extracts of Salvia rhytidea and Glycine max plants in mice.  Methods: After determining the LD50, NMRI mice with mean weight of 25-30 g were treated intraperitoneally with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, and orally with 800 mg/kg of the extracts for 7 consecutive days. After the last treatment, the serum samples were prepared and used for the biochemical assays. The liver and left kidney were removed from the animals and fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological examinations.  Results: The results indicated that the biochemical parameters of liver and kidneys were not significantly different among the experimental and control groups (P>0.05). Mild degenerative changes in the liver and kidneys were observed at the IP dose of 400 mg/kg and oral dose of 800 mg/kg of both extracts.  Conclusion: The use of these plants’ extracts did not induce severe toxicity in the short-term; however, caution should be exercised with the long-term use.
The Tween 80 Toxicity in Chicken Embryos and Effect on the Kinetics of Newcastle Disease Virus Replication
Authors:   Poultry Vaccine Research and Production Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran., Shahsavandi Shahla , Ebrahimi Mohammad Majid ,   Poultry Vaccine Research and Production Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran., Ghadiri Mohammad Bagher ,   Poultry Vaccine Research and Production Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran., Samiee Mohammad Reza ,   Poultry Vaccine Research and Production Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background: Non-ionic surfactant, Tween-80 (TW80) is commonly used for drug delivery due to its effect on the cell membrane permeation. The change in permeability can also increase viral infectivity in cells. This study was undertaken to improve upon Newcastle disease virus (NDV) titer cultivated with embryonic chicken eggs.  Methods: The toxicity of TW80 was investigated against chicken embryos at varying concentrations, and changes in the morphology and weights of the heart, liver, and spleen of 4-day old chicken embryos were analyzed. Also, the effect of non-toxic concentrations of TW80 was examined on the infectivity of NDV. The virus was titrated in the allantoic fluid, using a 50% embryo infectious dose (EID50).  Results: At high concentrations of TW80, hemorrhage-induced mortality was observed in embryos at the early stages of incubation. The embryos’ viability was not affected at low TW80 concentrations, indicating that its toxicity to the chicken embryos was dose-dependent. The infectivity titer of NDV was increased in the presence of TW80 compared to those inoculated with NDV only.  Conclusion: The data suggest that TW80 is toxic to chicken embryos at high concentrations, but it enhances cell membrane permeability for NDV particles at low concentrations without affecting the embryos’ viability.
Determination of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine by Dispersive Liquid Phase Micro-extraction: A Novel Experimental Approach
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran., Badakhshan Daruish , Ramezani Majid ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background: A syringe to syringe dispersive liquid phase micro-extraction-floating organic drop was applied and used for the simultaneous extraction and pre-concentration of trace amounts of amphetamine (AMP) and methamphetamine (MAMP) in urine samples. The extracted analytes were determined by high performance liquid chromatography along with diode array detection. Methods: In this study, n-hexane was selected as the extraction solvent without the need to use dispersive solvent. The analytical parameters affecting the micro-extraction efficiency, including pH of sample solution, extraction solvent volume, the cycles of extraction and time of centrifugation were investigated and optimized by screening and optimization experimental design methods.  Results: Underoptimal conditions, the calibration curve had a linear range of 2-100 μg/L with the determination coefficient of R2=99.8 and R2=99.6 for AMP and MAMP, respectively. The limit of detection was 2 μg/L for AMP and MAMP, and the enrichment factor was 75 and 68 for AMP and MAMP, respectively.  Conclusion: This method is very simple, rapid and has been successfully used for pre-concentration and measurement of the analytes in urine samples, which is important to forensic studies.
Carvedilol: A Promising Drug Combined With Lipid-lowering Medications for Patients With Hypertension and Heart Failure
Authors:   Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Zabihi Mohsen , Askarian Fatemeh ,   Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Hekmati Moghaddam Seyed Hossein ,   Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Rajaee Majid ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background: Statins frequently cause myopathy especially in combination with fibrates, and physical activity is considered a trigger for the muscle disorder. Elevated plasma levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aldolase, are the main indicators of the severity of myopathy. Carvedilol is commonly used with lipid-lowering drugs in the management of heart failure, hypertension and dyslipidemia. It is not yet clear whether carvedilol, an alpha and β blocker, and anti-oxidant, may influence the development of myopathy when combined with statins and fibrates in cardiac patients.  Methods: In this animal experiment, a 10 days regimen containing oral atorvastatin and gemfibrozil at doses of 80 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively, was used to induce myopathy in rats. The animals were forced to swim in a pool on days 8, 9 and 10 into the study. Carvedilol (2.5 mg/kg/day) was added to atorvastatin and gemfibrozil during the 10-day study period, in addition to the exercise protocol given to the treatment groups only. The mean of swimming tolerance times and the serum levels of CK, LDH and aldolase were measured at the completion of the study.  Results: Carvedilol did not significantly alter the swimming tolerance time or the plasma levels of CK, LDH and aldolase in the rats receiving ATV, GMF and carvedilol plus the exercise protocol, compared with those that did not receive carvedilol (P>0.05). Conclusion: Carvedilol may be used in combination with lipid-lowering drug in the management of patients with heart failure and hypertension, pending its safety approval by clinical studies in humans.
Prevention of Lung Complications following Paraquat Poisoning by Silymarin, N-acetyl Cysteine and Hydrocortisone: An Experimental Study
Authors:   Clinical Toxicologist & Assistant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Jamalian Mohammad , Solhi Hassan ,   Clinical Toxicologist & Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Ghasemi Parisa ,   Medical Practitioner, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences. Arak, Iran., Rahbari Ali ,   Pathologist & Assistant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences. Arak, Iran., Kazemifar Amir Mohammad ,   Clinical Toxicologist & Associate Professor, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Qazvin, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background: Paraquat poisoning results in multi-organ failure, primarily pulmonary fibrosis, acute renal failure, and hepatic impairment. The present study was designed to evaluate three treatment regimens, such as N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC), silymarin and hydrocortisone in the prevention of lung fibrosis after ingestion of toxic doses of paraquat in rats.  Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (N=20) were randomly divided into four groups of five each. The drugs and paraquat were given to the rats orally. All rat groups received one oral dose of paraquat (10 mg/kg) once daily for 1 week. The first group received a daily oral dose of silymarin (600 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The second group received a daily oral dose of NAC (500 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The third group was given daily oral doses of NAC (500 mg/kg) and hydrocortisone (50 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The fourth group (controls) received no drugs other than paraquat. The experiment continued for 4 weeks. After the experiment, autopsy was performed on all rats and the lungs were examined histopathologically. Results: The results of histopathology examinations for peribronchial inflammation in the groups were shown that NAC plus hydrocortisone and silymarin had notable effects in the prevention of lung inflammation. Septal widening in the lungs was also observed in group three less than that in the other groups. Conclusion: Based on the results, silymarin, NAC and hydrocortisone may be used as a palliative treatment in paraquat poisoning specifically aimed at preventing the acute and chronic lung injuries as the worst complication of the poisoning.
Effect of 8 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) With and Without Calorie Restriction on Gene Expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 Proteins in Male Rats
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran., Zarali Mohammadreza , Etemad Zaher ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran., Azizbeigi Kamal ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran., Karimi Pouran ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Published: November 2020

Background and Aim Apoptosis or programmed death is active biological process and reversible that the balance between growth and cell death in various tissues, particularly myocardial tissue is essential role. The aim of this study was the effect of 8 weeks High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) with and without food restriction on gene expression of Caspase 3 and 9 in rats. Methods & Materials: This study was experimental multi group design with control group which conducted on 30 rats with two months old male. Subjects were divided in to five homogenous groups including base control, control, caloric restriction, interval exercise training and caloric restriction+interval exercise training. Training groups five sessions in weeks were participated in interval exercise training for 8 weeks. The level of gene expression of the proteins Caspase 3 and 9 was evaluated by Real Time-PCR. Dates were analyzed using the 1-way ANOVA at the level of (P<0.05). Ethical Considerations: The protocol of this study was approved by the Medical Committee of Sanandaj University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MYK.REC.1397.5022). Results: The results showed that the training group had a significant decrease in gene expression of Caspase 3 in comparison with caloric restriction+exercise training (P<0.05). Also, exercise training and exercise training+caloric restriction significantly decrease in the gene expression of Caspase 9 compared to caloric restriction, base control and control (P<0.05) and significantly decrease in the gene expression of Caspase 3 compared to base control and control (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that high intensity interval training with and without calorie restriction provides the necessary adaptations to inhibit or stop apoptosis induced by aerobic exercise.
基于初中历史"深度学习"视角下的教学设计研讨
Authors: 胡 春萍
Published: November 2020

在初中历史教学中，课堂教学仍然没有融入素质教育部分，大部分教师只对学生进行浅显的知识性教学。而在国内外研究中发现，较多的研究学者及实践者提出需要将实践与理论进行结合，实施深度教学概念的提出为初中教学开辟了一条有效的教学路径。因此，初中历史教师需要将深度学习概念作为教学活动指导思想，促进学生的学科素养的提升，实现教学质量的不断改善。
浅谈如何提高初中数学复习效率
Authors: 韦 幸
Published: November 2020

随着新课标改革的不断推进，教育部门以及学校组织对初中学生的数学要求也在不断提高。数学复习课堂是数学教学过程中重要的组成部分，复习环节中学生能对所学知识与理论的总结与升华，因此，良好的复习能够帮助学生加强对整体知识体系的把握与升华。由此可见，对于初中数学老师而言，做好初中学生复习课程的教学规划，不仅能够提高学生复习效率，也能够提升数学中考成绩，有利于学生培养良好的学习习惯与能力，更好的应对今后的学习过程。因此，如何做好初中生的数学复习工作，提高学生总结能力，在复习过程中掌握更多的解题思路，值得数学老师关注。
探讨问题导学法在初中数学教学中的应用
Authors: 褚 祥江
Published: November 2020

初中学习工作开展的关键时期，更是素质培育的重要阶段。伴随教育系统教育改革进程的逐步深入，传统的初中数学教学形式，也发生了根本性的转变。不仅教育的形式发生了改变，同时也使更多创新的教学意识及理念，有了较大的转变。问题导向法是当前初中教学工作开展期间经常会用到的一种先进教学形式，围绕问题开展教学活动，不但能够调动学生的学习兴趣，更能促使学生形成独立的解题思维，对于学生知识总结及探究能力的培养，具有重要的引导作用。
钢琴演奏技巧与音色表现的关系分析
Authors: 刘 思言
Published: November 2020

钢琴具有乐器之王的美称，通过不同的演奏技巧，可实现多种音色展现。其中，对演奏技巧的掌控，不仅是评判一个演奏者技艺高低的要素，还是丰富其乐曲演奏生命力及表现力要素。本文首先简单叙述了钢琴演奏触键方式与音色表现的关系，其次提出了几项优化音色表现的钢琴演奏方式，从而为关注这一话题的人们提供参考。
大学语文研究性学习的实践思考
Authors: 滕 菲
Published: November 2020

大学语文在学习过程中的综合性、开放性和应用性等学习内容都是学生在学习探究和实践中应该思考的重点。本文就将分析大学语文研究性学习的重要性和可行性，并从课堂渗透和课内外结合两方面分析大学生进行语文研究性学习的实践方法。
信息技术在高中政治课堂教学中的运用效果分析
Authors: 张 秀梅
Published: November 2020

在经济社会高速发展的今天，社会对于人才也提出了更高的要求，这就推动了教育体制、教学形式的不断革新。信息技术是一种新兴的利用计算机科学和通信技术来转化为生产力的技术手段，由于其出众的便捷性、创新能力、高效性，现已经广泛应用于各行各业之中。教育领域同样出现了信息技术应用，同时这种应用还在不断地发展完善。政治教育是重要的基础教育之一，对培养学生健全人格、帮助学生树立崇高理想、提升学生综合素养具有重要的意义。因此，本文旨在通过分析信息技术在高中政治课堂教学中的运用效果，探究在政治课堂教学中更好的运用信息技术的策略。
水利水电工程专业课程思政教育探索—以《水利工程制图》课程为例
Authors: 谭 均军 , 李 洋波 , 孙 旭曙 , 王 峰 , 王 亚林
Published: November 2020

课程思政是指高校在开展各类课程过程中，将价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养融为一体，形成良好的协同效应。水利工程制图作为水利类学生最先接触的一门工程技术类课程，课程思政建设显得尤为重要。结合本课程的特点和教学内容，从课程目标、教学内容、教学大纲对本课程的思政教育开展了探索实践，以期培养全方位、多层次的“新工科”人才。
小学体育课堂中如何营造充满正能量的教学环境
Authors: 李 琦
Published: November 2020

小学体育教师在教学的过程中创设良好的教学环境，不仅可以使学生的学习欲望得到充分激发，而且可以引导学生积极融入到教师的教学当中，为学生的全面发展奠定良好基础。小学体育教师在教学的过程中需要对教学环境进行全面分析，结合学生的学习特点创设充满正能量的教学环境，让学生在教学环境的感染中得到成长，为学生学好体育知识打下坚实的基础。
小学音乐情感教学中音乐要素的渗透路径研究
Authors: 赵 咏梅
Published: November 2020

作为小学阶段的基础课程，音乐学科的教育目标是强化学生的情感教育，促进学生加深对于音乐作品的理解，以适应素质教育的发展和要求。为了确保音乐教学能够最大程度地发挥其价值，使音乐的教学功能得到拓展和提升，以培养学生的人文素养、促进学生情感体系的塑造与完善，就需要将音乐要素渗透进情感教学当中，作为对传统教育模式缺陷的补充。
对高校图书馆编目业务外包工作的思考
Authors: 朱 聪 , 刘 文霞
Published: November 2020

为突出编目业务外包在高校图书馆中的重要价值，本文首先对编目业务外包的含义进行阐述，然后分析在高校图书馆应用时存在的弊端及不足之处，最后提出可行性的解决对策，旨在提高编目业务外包的有效性，促使高校图书馆获得良好的管理成效。
中职电子商务多元化教学评价体系构建
Authors: 陈 晓君
Published: November 2020

教学评价是教学过程的重要环节，不仅能够检验教师教学质量，还能为其教学水平提升提供借鉴参考。近些年，以多层次、多方面、多角度著称的多元化教学评价体系因其全面、客观、准确的教学评价结果得到了教育界人士重视。本文以中职电子商务专业为例，深入分析职业院校应该如何构建多元化教学评价体系。
探究高中英语教学中培养学生创新能力的培养
Authors: 宫 正
Published: November 2020

英语作为一门重要的工具学科，其教学目的是让学生具有扎实的英语基础知识和为实际初步运用英语的能力，从而养成良好的学习习惯，为进一步学习打好基础。在英语教学中注重培养学生的创新能力，使学生养成良好的思维和行为习惯，是英语教师义不容辞的责任。因此，此次论文主要探讨的是高中英语教学中培养学生创新能力的思考。
学科核心素养视角下的高中化学教学策略
Authors: 江 耀权
Published: November 2020

在课程改革的教育背景下，学生的核心素养变得格外重要，因此，2017年的考试大纲修订，增加了针对学生是否具备某一学科知识和关键能力的考察。高中化学同样不例外，学生需要重点提升化学学科能力，不仅要全面学习，也要根据高考内容要求，围绕高中化学的核心知识辐射到整本教材的内容学习，并由此使得学生的化学学科关键能力得以提升，从而使其具备学习化学的核心素养，最终能实现化学知识的应用。基于此，本文将分析在高中化学学科核心素养的视角下，如何才能够优化教学策略，提升学生的核心素养。
疫情期间高校学生线上学习情况研究
Authors: 李 翠亭 , 张 磊
Published: November 2020

为了尽量减少疫情对教育工作的影响，教育部倡议开展“停课不停学”工作，各地高校因地制宜开展网上在线学习，这加剧了信息技术与教学的深度融合。此外，学生在线学习能力的培养是高校课堂教学改革的突破。本文论述了高校学生线上学习存在的问题及其策略。
浅谈提高小学语文课堂教学效率的措施
Authors: 曾 丹丹
Published: November 2020

小学语文是小学阶段重要的一门学科，也是一门基础性学科。小学语文课堂教学效率的高低，将会直接影响着小學语文的顺利开展，影响着学生今后的学习和发展。因此如何开展语文课堂教学活动，提高课堂教学效率，就成了语文教师在今后的教学中关注的热点问题。本文针对提高小学语文课堂教学效率的措施进行分析。
新课改背景下小学语文小组合作学习的策略研究
Authors: 贡 凌霄
Published: November 2020

对于小学院校的语文教师来说，其工作的重点在于提高语文讲堂的质量，这是每个语文老师都必须不断思考的问题。在新课改的影响下，语文课堂的教学方法也应当随之进行改革优化，在教材知识的基础上，采用适宜的教学方法来推动小学生语文素养的进一步提升。目前，我国小学院校在进行语文教学期间加大了对于小组合作学习的应用力度，也在一定程度上促进了语文讲堂的创新。
有关初中物理实验教学的探索
Authors: 侯 园园
Published: November 2020

随着教育深入改革，物理作为初中教学中的一门重要自然学科，其教学目标不仅仅只要求教师帮助学生掌握物理常识与概念，而更倾向于要求教师重视学生科学实验素养的培养。因此，本文从创设实验教学情境，激发学生学习热情、变演示为动手实验，锻炼学生动手能力、鼓励学生自创实验，培养学生创新思维等方面进行探索提高初中物理实验教学质量的有效方法。
小学语文教学中童话教学的有效策略研究
Authors: 胡 海阳 , 宁 菊梅 , 刘 兰兰 , 黄 梅花 , 简 芳芳
Published: November 2020

当今的时代，科学技术日新月异，信息化、经济全球化的步伐越来越快。国际竞争日趋激烈，世界形势的这种迅猛发展，促使我国对基础教育课程作出重大的改革。
美术教学中幼儿创造性思维的培养
Authors: 蔡 小燕
Published: November 2020

幼儿时期对每个人的成长与发展有着重要的影响，是幼儿智力发展的重要时期，也是幼儿创造性思维发展的重要时期。而美术不仅能够达到陶冶情操的效果，还能够实现对幼儿想象力、创造力的培养。本文主要围绕幼儿美术教学中的创造性培养进行分析。
民办高职院校辅导员网络育人能力提升研究
Authors: 柯 耀辉 , 陈 步青 , 张 卢辉
Published: November 2020

教育部等八部门印发的《关于加快构建高校思想政治工作体系的意见》将加强网络育人工作作为日常教育体系中主要内容之一，对高校网络育人工作提出了明确的经费保障和示范阵地。新时期下，网络育人具有重要意义，是高校培养人才的重要途径之一。因此，因此高职院校辅导员网络育人能力的提升具有现实必要性。
高中语文课堂有效性教学策略探讨
Authors: 罗 生
Published: November 2020

在素质教育理论指导下，高中语文教学越来越重视学生综合素质的提升。高中语文教学也不仅仅是学习书本知识，还需要有发现问题和解决问题的能力，从而进一步提升高中语文的教学水平。本文探讨了提高高中语文教学效率的几点建议。
地转偏向力——“基于核心素养的中学生地理实践力的培养”之教学设计与反思
Authors: 廖 春燕
Published: November 2020

本节内容取自必修一《地球的运动》中“地球自转的地理意义”。该内容在高中知识体系中具有重要作用，为后面的水体运动、气体运动等做铺垫、打基础，也是地理实践力培养的具体实施和形成综合问题分析能力的基础。
合作学习法在初中数学课堂教学中的应用
Authors: 刘 强
Published: November 2020

近年来教育体制的改革，教育方式也在不断深化改革。数学是一门非常重要的学科，数学知识几乎可以说会伴随一个人的终身，所以一定要做好数学教学，提高教学质量。数学是人类认识世界的一种总结，是逻辑观念的集合，也是人类研究世界和生活的重要工具。在提高初中数学教学水平和教学效率的重要途径中，小组合作是最与众不同的，同时也是最为有效的方法，因此做好小组合作的教学是当下数学教学的必然趋势。本文就合作学习法在初中数学课堂教学中的应用展开探讨。
翻转课堂在初中信息技术WPS表格教学中的运用
Authors: 沙 逸婷
Published: November 2020

教师在对初中生进行信息技术课堂教学的过程中，以往课堂教学过程中不能让学生对学习的知识进行实际的应用，教学效率低下。而翻转课堂为该问题的解决提供了一个高校的教学模式，本研究对翻转课堂这种新的教学模式的概念进行讲解，同时分析了该种教学模式相对以往课堂教学的优势进行分析。为了提高初中信息教师对学生WPS表格的应用，本文对初中信息技术教师在进行WPS表格的教学中运用的策略进行了分析，首先，教师做好课堂角色的划分，让学生作为WPS表格学习的主导者，同时让学生动手进行表格的制作，将知识进行应用。
初中数学生活化教学有效研究
Authors: 沈 锦鸿
Published: November 2020

随着现代社会的发展和教育改革的深化，推进以学生创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育，已成为新世纪教育改革的主题。
探究高中物理与实验教学结合的方法
Authors: 王 亚南
Published: November 2020

实验是高中物理教学的核心和灵魂，对学生物理课程的学习具有重要的辅助作用。在高中阶段的教学活动中，教师要结合这门学科的特点展开实验教学，让物理知识的学习变得更加直观具体，增强物理教学的实效性。而且，教师也要适当调节教学活动，不断完善教学环节，让教学活动可以顺利开展，适应现代化教育体系的发展。基于此，本文就从在实验中培养学生学习兴趣、探究能力、创新创造能力几个方面论述了高中物理课程与实验教学的结合。
小学语文古诗词教学改进策略研究
Authors: 谢 春梅
Published: November 2020

古诗词作为小学语文教材中的特殊的文学体裁，这一部分的教学即是重点也是难点。在新课改标准中明确指出，秉承我国语文教育的优良传统，要求古诗词教学体现其新理念和新方法，致力于学生语文素养的整体提高。因此在小学语文教学中，教师要重视古诗词的教学，从古诗词教学的重要地位和意义着手，紧抓小学古诗词教学的特点，激发和调动学生学习古诗词的兴趣，从而使他们更好的解析其语言，体味古诗词的独特韵味，增进对经典文化的理解，提高自身的语文素养。本文主要探讨小学语文古诗词教学策略。
试论小学数学如何提高学生逻辑思维能力
Authors: 谢 华
Published: November 2020

小学生数学思维以直观形象思维为主，抽象逻辑思维为辅。这就要求小学数学教师在开展数学教学中，积极培养学生的数学逻辑思维能力，促进学生数学思维的全面发展，提高学生数学学习的效率。
探究小学英语阅读教学方法
Authors: 袁 萍
Published: November 2020

随着教育改革的不断深入，社会经济的快速发展，英语教学逐渐成为了教育阶段的重点内容，而且英语作为全球通用语言，其使用广度更是提现了英语的重要性。而且阅读作为英语教学的重要组成部分，它对于培养学生的语感，发音，运用，写作等能力有着至关重要的作用。因此在教学活动中，教师要能够及时的发现并正视教学中出现的问题，及时的采取有效措施进行解决，以此来提高教学效率，提升学生的英语能力。
浅析小学数学创新意识与创新能力的培养
Authors: 张 平
Published: November 2020

对于学生创新意识的培养一直都是作为素质教育的核心内容。在学生的综合能力的培养过程中，创新意识以及创造能力都是体现学生综合能力的重要指标。而在学生生涯中处于基础教育位置的小学阶段对于创新意识的培养有着启蒙以及初步的指导作用。只有将基础稳定，才可能有进步的可能。而在小学阶段所学学科中数学科目是最考验和锻炼思维认知能力的，学习数学对于培养学生的创新意识有着不可忽视的重要作用。本文将对小学数学教学中对于学生的创新意识如何培养进行一定的探讨和研究。
网络时代高校校园媒体融合发展探究
Authors: 杨 莎莎
Published: November 2020

当前我国已经全面进入了网络时代，网络时代给高校校园媒体的发展带来了一定的机遇和挑战，要求校园媒体充分发挥自身的优势，同时借鉴社会媒体融合的经验来将实现传统媒体和新兴媒体的有效融合，发挥出两者的优势，打造具有特色的高校校园媒体品牌。本文就网络时代高校校园媒体融合发展进行探析，阐述了网络时代高校校园媒体融合发展的途径，然后就网络时代高校校园媒体融合发展的策略进行讨论，旨在为人们提供一定的参考。
Brief Analysis of Hierarchy of Human’s Spiritual World
Authors: Zhang Shitong
Published: November 2020

By studying human’s spiritual world earnestly and comprehensively, you can learn that human’s spiritual world is hierarchical. The spiritual world is an extremely complex dynamic system consisting of 4 interconnected hierarchies. The dynamic system is composed of cognitive system, dynamical system, reflection-controlling system and operating system. Human’s spiritual world determines people’s way of response and action. All the thoughts and behaviors of people are the result of all the subsystems in human spiritual world.
The Effects of Laurel Volatile Oil (Laurusnobilis L.) on In Vitro Ruminal Gas Production of Methane Emission, Organic Acids and Protozoa Counts Alfalfa Herbage
Authors: ÖNEL Süleyman Ercüment , AKSU Taylan , KARA Kanber , SARIPINAR AKSU Devrim
Published: November 2020

The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the effects of laurel volatile oil, (Laurusnobilis L.) on ruminal gas production, methane emission, organic acids and protozoa counts of Alfalfa herbage. The components of laurel volatile oil were analysed. The effects of the addition of laurel volatile oil, at levels of 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L (L0, L50, L100 and L200), to the rumen fluid on in vitroruminal digestion were determined using byin vitro gas produc-tion technique. The addition of 50 mg/L of laurel volatile oil decreased total gas and methane production (ml), organic matter digestion (OMD), and metabolic energy (ME) values. On the other hand, the addition of this oil at levels of 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L was observed not to alter the in vitro total gas, methane (ml), ME and OMD values (P
Efektivitas Hemodialisa Berdasarkan Parameter Hemoglobin, Eritrosit, Dan Hematokrit Pada Penderita Gagal Ginjal Kronik
Authors: Aini Aini Aini
Published: November 2020

Various diseases that cause kidney dysfunction that cause problems in the body such as the accumulation of metabolic waste, decreased hormone production that can cause chronic kidney failure. Hemodialysis is used to replace damaged kidney function, in patients with kidney failure who undergo hemodialysis will experience anemia (80-95%). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of hemodialysis in patients with chronic renal failure. This study uses an observational analytic method using primary data with a total sample of 30 respondents. This research was conducted in May at the Asy-Syifa Regional Hospital in West Sumbawa. Statistic test uses Wilcoxon because it is found that the data is not normally distributed, that is <0.05. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, and the number of erythrocytes after hemodialysis.
Intensive technology of cultivation of sweet pepper under drop irrigation in the conditions of Dagestan
Authors: Magomedova Diana , Kurbanov Serazhutdin , Ramazanov Dolgat
Published: November 2020

In the dry steppe zone of the Tersko-Sulak sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan, a positive effect of drip irrigation against the background of heap tillage on the yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits was established. The effectiveness of maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold for soil moisture not less than 80 % of HB in the root-inhabited layer in combination with dump tillage to a depth of 0.23…0.25 m proved. This combination provides fruit yield at the level of 60…62 t/ha with an increase in sugar content and content Vitamin C compared to fine processing. The data obtained indicate the inappropriateness of the use of fine processing sweet pepper at 0.10…0.12 m under irrigated conditions, which leads to a deterioration in agrophysical and phytosanitary indicators of fertility. In particular, the soil density increases by 0.05…0.08 t/m3, the number of water-resistant aggregates decreases by 7 %, water permeability decreases by 22 % and the coefficient of water resistance increases by more than 2 times weed plantings and potential soil weed. Determined that out of the three studied constant pre-irrigation thresholds of humidity of the root layer (70, 80 and 90 % LMC), the best conditions for plant growth and development are formed at 80 % LMC: photosynthetic potential increases by 12 %, photosynthesis net productivity by 20.9 %, the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation to 1.02 %, a decrease in the utilization rate of irrigation water by 28.3 % (70.3 m3/t). In order to maintaining a pre-irrigation moisture threshold of at least 80 % LMC, irrigations with a norm of 216 m3/ha carried out, after-planting irrigation of seedlings with an irrigation norm of 65 m3/ha with an average irrigation rate of 4384 m3/ha The combination of pre-irrigation threshold in a layer of 0.5 m 80 % LMC and dump processing provides a return on production costs of 173.1 % with a payback period of 1 year.
About hydrogeophysical «absurdities» in studying mountain rivers of the North Caucasus
Authors: Anakhaev Koshkinbay , Belikov Vitaliy
Published: November 2020

Emergence in mountain and foothill territories of the North Caucasus of mud streams in the defining degree is connected with harmful effects of mountain water currents. Therefore, safety of the population, objects of economy and melioration of natural landscapes by creation of protective constructions is one of important and current problems here. Reliability and operability of the specified constructions considerably depends on completeness and reliability of initial hydrogeophysical characteristics of catchment basins of the rivers that causes the high level of requirements to their validity. However, in the last decade a number of works on waterways of the North Caucasus does not conform to such requirements. The lack of due criticism from scientific community of such works promotes their increasing distribution therefore, in many cases, they can become the main reason for incorrect estimates of the developed seleopasnost of the territory, creation of irrational and unreliable protective constructions that conducts to considerable economic expenses of the state, quite often, with tragic consequences. The conclusion is drawn on unfitness of such works both for theoretical researches, and for practical use. Separate positive examples of successful realization of antitorrential actions (development of a selevedeniye), including on the most important Olympic venues of «Sochi–2014» on Krasnaya Polyana are given.
Agromeliorative methods of biological reclamation of sand pits in the conditions of Far North
Authors: Denisov Aleksandr , Tihanovskiy Anatoliy
Published: November 2020

The most important method of biological reclamation of sand pits is the introduction of peat as a cultural layer. To reduce soil acidity

during reclamation, lime fertilizers must be applied.
Irrigation by sprinkling of hay and pasture grass mixtures in the conditions of the North-Eastern zone of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Dubenok Nikolay , Yalanskiy Dmitriy , Mazhayskiy Yuriy , Chernikova Ol'ga
Published: November 2020

Analysis and justification of necessity, as well as efficiency of sprinkling of hay-grazing trauma in conditions of Belarus and Russia were performed. Analysis of meteo conditions of the experimental site for 2016–2018 allowed to establish uneven distribution of meteorological elements both in years and intraegetationally. The calculation of the hydrothermal coefficient (GTK) showed that the period of research covered different years of heat availability. The presented results of the effective sprinkling of hay-grazing trauma in the north-eastern zone of Belarus were confirmed in the works of both belarusian and russian scientists.
Ethical Implication of Genetic Gender Manipulation for Economic Recession
Authors: Monday Osebor Ikechukwu , Esq Stephen CC Chukwuma
Published: November 2020

A recession is a significant decline in economic activities. The effects of economic recession include general economic decline, drop in the stock market and increase in unemployment. While some have argued that bilateral relationship among nations is an ethical response to problem of economic recession but it does not solve the problem. The paper suggests genetic gender determination. Genetic gender determination is an agent-based ethics. It involves the scientific manipulation of the fetus of a woman to determine the gender of her offspring. Ethical issues linked to genetic gender determination, unbalance sex ratio, manipulation of genome, and possible spread of infectious or communicable diseases. The paper concludes that the genetic gender determination would help to cushion the effects of economic recession.
Germline Genetic Testing in Prostate Cancer, a Potential for New Understanding Screening, Evaluation and Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Salam MA
Published: November 2020

Abstract Not Available
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.106-109
Outcome of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Without JJ Stent in Comparison to Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy With JJ Stent
Authors: Rahman Md Mostafizur , Chowdhury Md Shafiqul Alam , Karmaker Uttam , Md Arif Nazim Uddin , Belal Md Towhid , Huda Mohammad Nazmul , Hasan Abu Naser Mohammed Lutful , Alam Md Nabid
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of PCNL without JJ ureteric stent in comparison to PCNL with JJ ureteric stent.
Patients and Methods: This observational study intended to compare the outcome between PCNL without JJ stent and PCNL with JJ stent of 50 cases of renal stone disease according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to Group - A (PCNL without JJ stent) and Group - B (PCNL with JJ stent). This study was conducted in the department of urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2014 to June 2016. During postoperative period, both groups were compared with respect to fever, loin pain, dysuria, frequency of micturation, duration of haematuria, continuation of urine leakage, hospital stay, urinoma and hematoma and urinary tract infection.
Results: Among the 50 patients, the mean postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in PCNL with JJ stent (4.48 ± 2.14 days) than that of PCNL without JJ stent (2.60 ± 0.50 days). The continuation of urine leakage at the site of percutaneous tract was also significantly longer in PCNL with JJ stent than in PCNL without JJ stent (10.8 ± 3.18 hours vs 14.14 ± 3.28 hours, P <0.001). Assessment of outcome during 3 weeks showed that out of 25 subjects in Group - B, 9 (36%) loin pain, 8 (32%) dysuria, 8 (32%) frequency of micturition, 4 (16%) haematuria and another 7 (28%) urinary tract infection. None of the subjects of Group - A reported same type of complications.
Conclusions: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy without JJ stent (stentless PCNL) is safe, effective and viable option in a selected group of patients – with stone size d”3 cm, normal preoperative renal function, single percutaneous puncture, minimum bleeding, no perforation of the collecting system, no obstruction and complete clearance of stones, JJ stent may not be required.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.110-117
Outcome of Cold Knife Incision Compared to Diathermy Fulguration in Posterior Urethral Valve
Authors: Khadka Mohan , Islam AKM Anwarul , Shameem Isteaq Ahmed , Azam ASM Shafiul , Choudhury Md Golam Mowla
Published: November 2020

Background: Posterior urethral valves are the most common cause of congenital obstructive lesion in the newborns and infant male child, occurring at the distal portion of the prostatic urethra. Diathermy fulguration of valve is one of the commonest modalities which has been practiced by Pediatric Urologist since decades where success rate ranging from 50-70%. Despite high success rate, post-operative complications like hematuria, urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence, retention of urine, residual valve and urethral stricture may develop in significant number of patients. Incision of the posterior urethral valve by cold knife is one of the modalities in the recent years with insignificant complications and good outcome with success rate ranging from 70-90%.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of the cold knife with the diathermy fulguration in the management of the posterior urethral valve.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Urology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st January 2017 till 1st September 2018. A total 48 patients, diagnosed as a case of PUV and who fulfill the selection criteria were divided randomly by simple lottery method into 2 groups consisting of 24 patients in each group. Valve ablation was performed under standard aseptic condition according to groups. Patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months of initial intervention. They were re-evaluated during the follow up with history, clinical examination and investigation findings. Their subjective outcome and objective findings were assessed and compared in between the two groups.
Results: There was no significant difference in the age distribution in between the groups (p= 0.083). Within the group, all the variable parameters were significantly improved prior and after the intervention. But, in between the groups, after 6 months of intervention, there was no difference in improvement of urinary flow(p=0.695). Incontinence of urine was not significant (p=1.000). The drop of mean serum creatinine level was not significant (p=0.530). Decrease in Mean PVR was not significant (p=0.684). Maximum flow rate was not significantly improved (p= 0.255). Peri catheter bleeding and residual valve were not significant. Stricture urethra was not found in any patient in both groups.
Conclusion: Comparing the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that cold knife incision is equally effective in comparison to diathermy fulguration in the management of posterior urethral valve.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.118-127
Results of Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty in Management of Anterior Urethral Stricture – Experience in a Single Center
Authors: Aziz Mohammad Abdul , Rahman Shafiqur , Hasan Mirza Mahbubul
Published: November 2020

Objective: To share our experience with buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty for the management of anterior urethral strictures in BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted from January 2013 to January 2018. Patients selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The oral mucosal characteristics were assessed in all patients during the initial workup. Single stage dorsolateral onlay graft urethroplasty done in all patients. They were followed according schedule for outcome and complications.
Result:Total 59 patients were studied. Overall success rate of BMG urethroplasty was 88.1% at 12th month. Complications include development of periurethral abscess (3.4%), restructure (8.5%) development of fistula (1.7%). Total 8 patients underwent retreatment procedures like drainage of periurethral abscess, dilatation, optical internal urethrotomy (OIU) and revision urethroplasty.
Conclusion:The buccal mucosa is easy to obtain and handle, therefore BMG urethroplasty is a safe and effective in managing anterior urethral stricture.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.128-131
The Profile of Patients Presented at Nephrology Opd With Obstructive Nephropathy; Single Centre Experience
Authors: Shahnooralam Kazi , Alam Md Shawkat , Ahammod Tofael , Hasan Mdmahmudul , Afrose Taslima , Debnath Dilip Kumar , Alam Mohammod Babrul
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Obstructive Uropathy which refers to the structural and functional change impeding the normal urine flow is one of the common cause of renal failure . It has diverse effect on normal renal function as well as there is also diversity on its etiology and outcome
Material & methods: Total 108 patients who came to Nephrology OPD with various degree of renal dysfunction resulting from Obstruction of Urinary tract was included in the study.
Result : Among the patients 65% were male and their mean age was 51±13.5 years . Common clinical features were loin pain (41%) ; vomiting (30%) ; edema (26%) ; Oligourea (46%) & LUTS (19%). Common etiologies of Obstruction was BEP (28.7%);Urolithiasis(24%); Cervical malignancies(11%); Congenital abnormalities (13%) & stricture urethra(12%). About 37% patients had to under go RRT.
Conclusion : Specific strategies to target improvements in early diagnosis renal recovery and patients survival are needed in this patient group.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.132-135
Repair of Vesicovaginal FistulA: Experiene of 30 Cases and Analysis of Outcome Predictors
Authors: Biswas Mrinmoy , Uddin Sharif Mohammad Wasim , Sharifa Jasmine , Ghosa Sharmishtha , Bhuiyan AKM Musa , Ghosh Kartik Chandra
Published: November 2020

Objective:To find out the predictors of outcome of vesicovaginal fistula repair.
Method: From 2013 t0 2015,thirty patients with vvf from different hospitals were managed surgically by different approach by single surgeons. During evaluation patients records,the duration of vvf,time of surgical repairs,site of fistulas, positionof fistulas,approach of repairs,ureteric stenting,and catheteruzation were considered. A univariate analysis was used to assess individual variables, by the chi - squared test andsignificant variables found in univariate analysis were considered in a mulivariate analysis.
Result: Among 30 cases 90% were successful repair. We consider the following variables to be important risk factors like history of previous repair,timeof surgery,site of fistulas and surgical approach.
Conclusion: Earlier correction of vvf, abdominal approach,high variety and primary repair has good outcome.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.136-140
Correlation of International Prostate Symptom Score With Intravesical Protrusion of Prostate in Patients With Benign Enlargement of Prostate
Authors: Hossain Md Abul , Islam Md Waliul , Naser Md Fazal , Azam Md Shafiqul
Published: November 2020

Objective: To determine the correlation of international prostate symptom score with Intravesical protrusion of prostate.
Methods: This prospective clinical study was performed on 60 elderly patients presented with LUTS suggestive of Benign Enlargement of Prostate. Their evaluation included DRE, IPSS, Uroflowmetry (Qmax), serum PSA measurements and trans abdominal ultrasound scan. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 13 using Chi square test and scatter plots together with Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between IPP and IPSS.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 66.7+9.85 years, IPSS 23.6+6.53, mean prostatic volume was 60.23+38.16 mL, Qmax 7.98+3.87, PVR was 163.18+141.73 mL. Fifty percent of patients had severe degree (>10mm) of intravesical protrusion of the prostate, 30% had moderate and 20% had mild IPP. There was significant positive correlation between IPSS and IPP (r=0.698, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: From this prospective clinical study it is revealed that IPP had strong correlation with IPSS.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.151-154
Comparative Study Between Holmium: Yag Laser and Pneumatic Lithotripsy in the Management of Upper Ureteric Stone
Authors: Chowdhury Md Ashif , Islam Md Shahidul , Waheed SM Shameem , Rakib Md Abdur , Hossain Faruk , Rhaman Md Habibur
Published: November 2020

Background:Among various intracorporeal lithotripters, Pneumatic lithotriptorhas become the widely used tool for the treatment of ureteric stones. Recently the Holmium:YAG laser has been used with a wide range of potential urological applications, including intracorporeal lithotripsy of ureteric stones.
Objective: To compare the treatment of upper ureteric stone between laser and pneumatic lithotripsy.
Materials and methods: One hundred patients with upper ureteric stone who underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy in the Department of Urology, CMH, Dhakafrom October 2012 to September 2015 were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A (LL) were treated with holmium: YAG laser and Group B (PL) were treated with pneumatic lithotripsy. Two procedures were compared in term of stone fragmentation, stone clearance rate, duration of lithotripsy, complications and duration of post operativehospital stay. Patients were monitored as outpatients after one month and after three months with a kidney ureter and bladder radiograph and ultrasonograph. Patients with migrated fragments or incomplete clearance underwent an auxiliary procedure such as Extra Corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
Results: Mean stone size was 1.36 ± 0.36 cm in group A (LL) and 1.37± 0.36 cm in group B (PL). The immediate stone clearance rate was significantly higher inGroup A (94.0%) than Group B (76.0%). Fragments proximal migration were 6.0% in LL group and 24.0% in PL group. Use of stone retrieval equipments (baskets, forceps) was 16.0% and 64.0% in LL and PL group respectively (p<0.05) and stone fragments clearance requiring auxiliary procedures were 6% and 24% (p<0.05) in LL and PL group respectively. The mean lithotripsy time 40.46 ± 19.25 min and 36.86 ± 14.83 min and mean period of post operative hospital stay was 2.32 ± 1.22 days and 2.44 ± 1.18 days in the LL and PL group respectively. Periprocedural complications like hemorrhage, mucosal disruption/ perforation were almost same in both groups.
Conclusion: In this study stone clearance and fragmentation of stone in Holmium:YAG assisted ureteroscopy was significantly higher than pneumatic lithotripsy group. The need for auxiliary procedure like ESWL for proximally migrated fragments was significantly less inHolmium:YAG assisted ureterocopy compared with pneumatic lithotripsy.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.160-165
Per Rectal Magnetic Infra- Red Laser Therapy (Milt) by Optical Probe and Haematospermia With Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (Cpps) / Chronic Prostatitis
Authors: Choudhury Abdul Matin Anamur Rashid , Parveen Tasmina
Published: November 2020

Objective : To observe improvement of symptoms of haematospermia after treatment with Magnetic infra-red laser therapy (MIL-therapy) in patients ofhaematospermia with Chronic Prostatitis.
Method: Observational study was done on 30 male patients with haematospermiawith CPPS or Chronic prostatitis , age range varied from30 to 60 years. The study was conducted from 2004 to 2008 in a private medical center in Dhaka city.The MIL therapy in use has a wave length of 1000Hz. The Laser beam reaches the prostate and seminal vesical with a special optic probe. In this study the prostate anad seminal vesicle was examined per rectally by doing digital rectal examination with use of gloves and gel .The treatment schedule was one treatment every two days ( treatment time of 5 to 10 minutes ,wave length 1000Hz) for a total 10 application . After 10 application patients were asked for follow-up and data were collected and analysed.
Result :Among 30 patients of Haematospermia with Chronic prostatitis aged between 30-60 years with complains of blood discharge in semen were under treatment with MIL therapy . 25 patients with haematospermia were cured and 04 patients improved after laser treatment . But 01 patient found not improved on patients history.
Conclusion : Complains of patients and sign -symptoms cured and improved after MIL therapy.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.170-176
Effectiveness of Ultrasound Measured Urinary Bladder Wall Thickness as a = Diagnostic and Follow up Tool in Men With Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Khairuzzaman Mohammad , Kabir Muhammad Humayun , Ahmed Tanvir , Alfasani Syed , Islam Md Shariful , Salam MA
Published: November 2020

Aim: The present study was undertaken with the aim to standardize ultrasound measured urinary bladder wall thickness (UMUBWT) as an additional routine noninvasive test to assess the bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) and to monitor the therapeutic effects of BOO in follow-up after surgical correction of obstruction.
Methods: This is an interventional study (pretest-posttest type of clinical trial) conducted between December 2012 to May 2015 where sample size was 55 and sampling technique was purposive. In BOO patient transabdominal sonography was performed using a 7.5 MHz. probe. The thickness of the anterior bladder wall at the midline was measured in both preoperative and postoperative period ( three months after operation) at 3 points approximately 1 cm apart and the average value was recorded.
Results: In this study age range was 21-73 years with mean±SD of age was 48.76±15.08 years. In BOO patient preoperative UMUBWT was 0.51 ± 0.16 cm and which reduced to 0.26 ± 0.05 cm three months after surgical correction of obstruction.
Conclusion: UMUBWT is a noninvasive, cheap and easily available additional diagnostic tool for detecting BOO as well as it can measure the therapeutic effects in postoperative period.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.188-193
Bilateral Radical Nephrectomy & Adrenalectomy – a Rare Case Report
Authors: Rakib Md Abdur , Rashid Harunur , Islam Md Shahidul , Waheed SM Shameem , Chwdhury Md Ashif , Alam Mohammad Shafiul
Published: November 2020

Abstract Not Available
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.204-205
Seminal Vesicle Cyst: A Rarecase Report
Authors: Rakib Md Abdur , Islam Md Shahidul , Waheed SM Shameem , Chwdhury Md Ashif
Published: November 2020

Seminal vesicle cysts are unusual but treatable causes of lower urinary tract symptoms.Transrectal ultrasonography is a good method for initial evaluation of seminal vesicle cysts. Endorectal magnetic resonance imaging should be reserved for the cases whose ultrasonographic results are not conclusive. Treatment should be restricted to symptomatic patients. Transvesical approach and laparoscopy in the hands of an experienced urologist are the best methods for resection of seminal vesicle cysts. In this article, a case of congenital seminal vesicle cysts is presented and the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and management are discussed.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.206-209
Multiple Organ Dysfunction and Acute Pancreatitis Following Wasp Stings
Authors: Shilpakar Olita , Rajbhandari Bibek , Karki Bipin , Bogati Umesh
Published: November 2020

Wasp stings are common in our part of the world and may cause complications ranging from mild local reactions to fatal anaphylaxis. Severe cases may present with multisystem involvement causing acute kidney injury, hepatic dysfunction, clotting abnormalities, rhabdomyolysis or even death. However, cases with acute pancreatitis as a complication of wasp sting is not usual and have been very rarely reported. We present a case of a fifty-two-year-old lady with the history of multiple wasp stings followed by multiple organ dysfunction and acute pancreatitis with complete recovery following immediate conservative measures.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; multiple organ dysfunction; pancreatitis; wasp; sting
Successful Treatment of Giant Intracranial Aneurysm Using Flow-Diverter Device: First Experience in Nepal
Authors: Phuyal Subash , Agrawal Pooja , Lamsal Ritesh , Neupane Nirmal Prasad , Sedain Gopal
Published: November 2020

Giant intracranial aneurysms are defined as aneurysms that measure over 25 mm in the greatest dimension. They are rare vascular lesions that preferentially involve regions with high-velocity blood flow, such as the cavernous and supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid artery, the middle cerebral artery, the vertebrobasilar region, and the basilar apex. The treatment of giant aneurysms is challenging and associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Flow-diverter devices have revolutionized their treatment in recent times. We report the successful management of two patients with giant cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysms using flow-diverter devices for the first time in Nepal.

Keywords: Endovascular; flow-diverter devices; giant aneurysm