bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Premaxillary Setback in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Repair
Authors: Stanton Eloise , Kondra Katelyn , Jimenez Christian , Shakoori Pasha , Yen Stephen , Urata Mark M. , Hammoudeh Jeffrey A. , Magee William P.
Published: November 2022

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate surgical outcomes and maxillofacial growth in patients undergoing primary lip repair with or without premaxillary setback.

Design

Retrospective review.

Setting

Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, California.

Patients and Participants

Patients with bilateral cleft lip  ±  palate (BCLP) who underwent lip repair with or without premaxillary setback from January 1975 to September 2021.

Interventions

No intervention was performed.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Patient demographics, comorbidities, and syndromic status were obtained. Indications for premaxillary setback, incidence of midface hypoplasia, orthodontic and/or orthognathic treatments, follow-up, complications, and revisions were recorded and analyzed. Comparisons among long-term outcomes, particularly the development of midface hypoplasia were made between groups.

Results

Thirty-one patients who underwent BCLP repair with premaxillary setback (BCLP  +  PS) and 31 matched control patients who underwent BCLP repair without premaxillary setback (BCLP − PS) were included. Among the 2 groups, multiple logistic regression demonstrated that when controlling for comorbidities, syndromic status, timing of lip repair, and timing of palate repair, premaxillary setback was neither significantly associated with the development of midface hypoplasia ( P  =  .076) nor the timing of midface hypoplasia development ( P  =  .940) in those that ultimately acquired this facial dysmorphology.

Conclusions

While a high incidence of midface hypoplasia was seen in both BCLP  ±  PS and BCLP − PS, our findings demonstrate no difference in midface hypoplasia irrespective of premaxillary setback in the setting of BCLP. Future prospective studies investigating the downstream ramifications of our suggested selection criteria for premaxillary setback are warranted.
Family Cohesion and Emotional–Behavioral Problems in Pakistani Young Children: A Moderating Role of Interpersonal Skills
Authors: Zahra Sayyeda Taskeen , Saleem Sadia
Published: November 2022

This study investigates the moderating role of interpersonal skills in the relationship between family cohesion and emotional–behavioral problems (EBPs) in a sample of 1,452 (boys = 46% ; girls = 54%) adolescents, between the ages of 12 and 19 years ( M = 15.11, SD = 1.33) was selected through multistage sampling technique from Lahore, Islamabad, and Rawalpindi (urbanized cities of Pakistan). Interpersonal Skills Scale (IPSS), Family Cohesion Scale (FCS), and School Children Problems Scale (SCPS) were used to assess the interpersonal skills, family cohesion, and EBPs, respectively. Results suggested that interpersonal skills significantly moderated the relationship between family cohesion and EBPs. Results of the study are discussed by considering the manifestation and expression of interpersonal skills, family cohesion, and EBPs in adolescents of collectivistic cultures.
Cardiac Biomarkers and Geriatric Assessment in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer During Abiraterone Acetate Therapy – A Cardio-Oncology Study
Authors: Wilk Michał , Waśko-Grabowska Anna , Skoneczna Iwona , Szczylik Cezary , Szmit Sebastian
Published: November 2022

Background

Abiraterone acetate (AA) is a drug used in advanced prostate cancer. However, known clinical factors with predictive and prognostic value are scarce. This study evaluated cardiovascular (CV) factors and geriatric scales as potential markers of superior response during AA therapy.

Methods

This is a prospective observational study. Serum levels of high sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), D-dimer, NT-proBNP and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were used for CV evaluation. Questionnaires of G8, VES-13, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (iADL), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were included in the geriatric screening assessment. All measures were taken before AA initiation. Survival curves and Cox proportional hazard models (univariate and multivariate) were used to determine the predictors for a longer time to treatment failure (TTF).

Results

Forty nine patients were included in the study. Overall median TTF was 7.9 months (95% CI: 5.9-12.4). In univariate analysis, factors associated with inferior TTF were ( P-value < .05): visceral metastases - HR 2.34; 95% CI: 1.24-4.45, history of coronary artery disease - HR 3.02; 95% CI: 1.19-7.66; LVEF < 50% - HR 2.53; 95% CI: 1.03-6.17; P = .041; age-adjusted D-dimer > upper reference limit (URL) - HR 3.53; 95% CI: 1.81-6.85; P < .001; hsTnT > URL - HR 2.17; 95% CI: 1.13-4.16; P = .016; NT-proBNP ≥ 300 pg/mL - HR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.22-4.34; P = .01; G8 score ≤14 points - HR 2.47; 95% CI: 1.29-4.74; P = .007. In multivariate analysis, age-adjusted D-dimer > URL, G8 score ≤ 14 points and visceral metastases remained statistically significant in prediction of inferior TTF. The number of these factors was associated with shorter median TTF: 0-1 factor – 14.1 months; 2 factors – 5.9 months; 3 factors – 2.7 months; P < .001, log-rank).

Conclusions

Age-adjusted D-dimer, and geriatric G8 scores may predict TTF in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer during AA therapy. These observations require further study in a larger population.
Taking Advantage of a Window of Opportunity: Factors Associated With Jewish Bathhouse Attendants’ (Balaniyot) Assistance to Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Zanbar Lea , Orlin Efrat , Mintz-Malchi Keren
Published: November 2022

Victims of intimate partner violence may endure years of pain, fearing to turn for help. Informal service providers are potential sources of assistance. This study explored factors impacting two assistance outcomes provided by Jewish “balaniyot” (bathhouse attendants): actions aimed at protecting the woman, and actions aimed at protecting family integrity. Balaniyot ( n = 166) completed self-report questionnaires assessing mastery, organizational commitment, spirituality at work, and beliefs about violence. All variables were associated with at least one outcome. Organizational commitment mediated most of these associations. The findings suggest the need to increase balaniyot's organizational commitment and condemnation of violence and offer them specialized training.
Scaling Up Implementation Support for Violence Prevention and Resilience Promotion in the Air Force
Authors: Shearer Amy L. , Acosta Joie , Ebener Patricia , Simonson Jordan , Chinman Matthew
Published: November 2022

Closing the gap between research and practice requires that organizations can consistently incorporate new ideas and best practices. The Department of the Air Force (DAF) Integrated Resilience Directorate is leading a coordinated effort to increase the adoption of evidence-based violence prevention and resilience promotion programs across the entire Department. To support this effort, DAF is using Getting To Outcomes (GTO), an evidence-based implementation support that helps organizations plan, implement, and self-evaluate programs. Thus, the DAF is not only scaling up prevention programs but is also embarking on the largest scale-up of GTO to date. The study team trained personnel from every Air Force installation across the world to use GTO for their programs. Quantitative findings from training questionnaires and ratings of implementation plans as well as qualitative results from resilience personnel interviews suggest some lessons learned for scaling up implementation support. This study builds on established implementation science frameworks for scaling up interventions by identifying critical tasks and unique supports needed to scale up evidence-based prevention. Results suggest GTO helped DAF scale-up prevention across the Department, and that establishing leadership buy-in, simplifying evidence-based program selection and adaptation, monitoring implementation and outcomes, and creating dedicated prevention practitioner roles are critical tasks to support scale-up of evidence-based prevention. Unique supports needed to scale-up evidence-based prevention include multitiered learning systems; integrated tools that improve access to data and evolving evidence; prevention personnel with skills in program management, adaptation, and evaluation; timely crosscutting data; continuous learning to support sustainability; and leadership buy-in.
Neuroblastoma Arising in an Immature Teratoma of the Ovary in a 13-Year-Old
Authors: Felicelli Christopher , Gulliver Jessica , Gray Corey , Khramtsov Andrey , Blanco Luis Z. , Wadhwani Nitin R.
Published: November 2022

Somatic malignancies arising in mature teratomas are exceedingly rare entities and even more so are those arising in immature teratomas. Here, we present a unique case of a 13-year-old who initially underwent ovarian sparing cystectomy for a 7.7 cm left ovarian mass with a pre-operative diagnosis of mature cystic teratoma. Histologically, all 3 germ cell layers were present and immature neuroepithelial tubules were also identified. Subsequent sections revealed a nodular lesion composed of neuropil, neuroblasts with a spectrum of maturation, and Schwannian-type stroma. The neuroblasts were diffusely positive for PHOX2B. Neuroblastoma arising in an immature teratoma has only been described in the literature once previously in an adult patient.
A Pediatric Case of High-Grade Secretory Carcinoma of the Maxillary Sinus With ETV6::NTRK3 Gene Fusion, Therapeutic Implications, and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cardoni Antonello , De Vito Rita , Milano Giuseppe Maria , De Pasquale Maria Debora , Alaggio Rita
Published: November 2022

Secretory carcinoma (SC) is a salivary gland tumor with a generally low grade microscopic appearance, a characteristic immunophenotype, and a recurrent translocation leading to ETV6::NTRK3 fusion gene. Rare cases are reported in children. The maxillary sinus is an unusual localization. SC have an overall favorable prognosis, but cases with high grade morphology have been described in adult population and are related to a more aggressive clinical course. We present a pediatric case of secretory carcinoma involving the maxillary sinus with high grade morphology, with a review of the literature of secretory carcinomas with high grade component.
Correlates of Autonomic Function, Hemodynamics, and Physical Activity Performance During Exercise Stress Testing Among Firefighters
Authors: Dzikowicz Dillon J. , Carey Mary G.
Published: November 2022

Background

Autonomic dysfunction is an important propagator of cardiometabolic disease and can be measured using multiple metrics such as heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR). The relationships between HRV and HRR have not been fully examined, nor have the relationships between HRV, HRR, and other physiological measures linked to cardiometabolic disease (e.g., blood pressure recovery). Evaluation of these additional relationships may provide new insights into the association between autonomic function and cardiometabolic disease especially among high-risk groups like firefighters.

Methods

92 firefighters (96% male, 81% white) without overt cardiovascular disease underwent exercise testing with continuous heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) monitoring. HRR was the difference between maximal HR and HR 1-minute post-exercise; BP recovery (BPR) was the difference between maximal BP and BP 2-minute post-exercise. Afterwards, participants underwent 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring to measure HRV. Unadjusted Spearman correlations and adjusted partial Spearman correlations were computed. Between group analyses were also conducted with Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results

Associations between HRV and HRR poorly converged (RMSSD and HRR, unadjusted = 0.235; adjusted = 0.144). SDNN Index exhibited the strongest association with parasympathetic tone exhibited by overall lower HRs (unadjusted = −0.600; adjusted = −0.631). HRR demonstrated stronger associations with systolic and diastolic BP responses during exercise (SBP Recovery unadjusted = 0.267; adjusted = 0.297; DBP Recovery unadjusted = −0.276; adjusted = −0.232).

Conclusions

Overall, while HRV metrics converged and were associated with lower resting heart rates, HRV and HRR poorly converged. Interestingly, HRR was related with measures of hemodynamics indicating a potential relationship with vascular function during both maximal exercise and exercise recovery.
The impact of the pandemic highlights the urgent need for myopia guidelines: The clinicians’ role
Authors: Németh János , Aclimandos Wagih A , Tapasztó Beáta , Jonas Jost B , Grzybowski Andrzej , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt
Published: November 2022

Myopia is already one of the leading causes of permanent vision impairment, including blindness, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the global myopia-related burden among children owing to home confinement, increased screen time (e-learning), and decreased outside activities. To reverse the rising trend of myopia and myopia-related blindness, collaborative efforts are required. There is a wealth of evidence-based medicine (EBM) data on the epidemiology of myopia and effective interventions, but very little has been published on the clinicians’ roles and responsibilities. However, this aspect is critical because preventing the onset and progression of myopia necessitates extensive health promotion and advocacy efforts among decision-makers. Only broad medical expert collaboration can bring about the necessary changes in children's lifestyle and education. This article discusses clinicians’ critical roles in preventing the onset and progression of myopia.
Efficacy and safety of brolucizumab for serous drusenoid pigment epithelium detachment non-responder to bevacizumab and aflibercept
Authors: Saitta Andrea , D’Eliseo Lucia Aurora , D’Eliseo Domenico
Published: November 2022

Introduction

We report the case of a woman with drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment (DPED) in age-related macular degeneration who was successfully treated with two monthly intravitreal injections of brolucizumab after failing to respond to previous intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and aflibercept.

Case description

A 56-year-old woman with mixed DPED and overlying subretinal fluid in her right eye was initially treated with three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and three intravitreal injections of aflibercept with no visual and anatomical improvement. Switching to intravitreal injection of brolucizumab was performed. After two consecutive monthly intravitreal injections of brolucizumab, optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed first subretinal fluid resolution and then DPED collapse in the following months. After nine months, the best corrected visual acuity had improved from 20/40 to 20/20. There were no signs of retinal atrophy and exudative activity on OCT examination. No serious or minor adverse events were reported during the follow-up period.

Conclusions

Switching to intravitreal brolucizumab injection might be an effective therapeutic option for treatment of mixed DPED with subretinal fluid refractory to other anti-VEGF drugs.
A meta-analysis of vascular access outcomes in hemodialysis patients aged 75 years or older
Authors: Alexandra Ntemka , Christos Argyriou , Miltos Lazarides K , George Georgiadis S
Published: November 2022

Background:

Several existing guidelines advocate the access creation without any specific recommendations for those patients over 75 years of age. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the outcomes of different vascular access procedures in the sub-group of elderly ESRD patients ⩾75 years of age.

Methods:

A literature search was performed using the MEDLINE and SCOPUS electronic databases. The analysis focused on studies with subgroups of elderly patients ⩾75 years of age with different vascular access procedures, and compared the failure rates of autologous versus prosthetic vascular access. Articles comparing patency rates of distal (forearm) versus proximal upper arm AVFs were also investigated.

Results:

Twelve relevant studies were identified and included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results revealed a statistically significant unassisted (primary) failure rate at 24 months in favor of autologous AVFs [odds ratio (OR): 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38–0.83, p = 0.003]. A secondary analysis revealed significantly higher 12 months unassisted (primary) and secondary failure rates of forearm AVFs compared with proximal upper arm AVFs (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.53–2.97, p < 0.00001 and OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.12–2.78, p < 0.01 respectively).

Conclusion:

An increased risk of failure of prosthetic vascular access procedures was found compared with autologous AVFs in patients ⩾75 years of age. Elderly patients ⩾75 years should not be excluded from creation of an autologous access, with proximal upper arm AVFs having better patency rates.
Straight lateral thigh femoropopliteal-femoral arteriovenous graft an alternative vascular access for patients with exhausted upper limbs dialysis access
Authors: Allam Ahmed K , Salem Atef A , Ibrahim Samia G , Abd Elsamea Ahmed M , Afifi Haitham S
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

The durability of hemodialysis vascular access remains a troublesome issue for the patients as well as vascular surgeons that requires frequent reinterventions to maintain the access function.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate straight thigh polytetrafluethylene (PTFE) arteriovenous graft (AVG) in patients with exhausted upper extremities dialysis access.

Method:

Our study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 30 patients were operated upon for straight pattern lateral thigh PTFE AVG between 2016 and 2018. The primary outcome was efficacy and patency of AVG, and secondary outcome was procedure safety, including infection, thrombosis, ligation, lower limb functional status, and mortality.

Results:

A 30 patients with 30 Lower Limb AVG with maximum 30-month follow-up period. The mean age was 48 years. Males were ( n = 15/30). Thrombophilia patients were ( n = 7/30). Primary patency at 6 months was 100%. It declined to 93% at 12 months, 73% at 18 months, 47% at 24 months, and 40% at 30 months. The secondary patency was 97% at 18 months, 83% at 24 months, and 73% at 30 months. More than half of the patients showed complications ( n = 18/30), the most frequent was thrombosis ( n = 16/18). A secondary procedure was needed for 17 patients, the most frequent was thrombectomy ( n = 11/17), adjunctive culprit lesion repair was the key for regaining graft patency. Graft removal was necessary in six patients due to infection ( n = 4) and ruptured graft aneurysm ( n = 2).

Conclusion:

Lateral straight thigh PTFE AVG is a reliable and durable alternative modality with adequate dialysis efficacy in patients with exhausted upper extremities dialysis accesses. Secondary procedures due to complications were frequent but no significant major bleeding as regard patients with ruptured graft were non-significant and no distal threatening ischemia or related deaths were observed.
(Dis)continuity of African Indigenous knowledge
Authors: Heto Prince Paa-Kwesi , Mino Takako
Published: November 2022

What role does Indigenous knowledge play in the lives of contemporary Africans? To investigate this question, we visited three communities in Ghana—rural, peri-urban, and urban—where we interviewed community members involved in communal education. Contrary to the literature on the decline of Indigenous knowledge, we find that Indigenous knowledge, practices, and institutions are resilient across all contexts. Traditional leaders continue to play a significant role as stewards of Indigenous knowledge despite the impact of colonization, rural–urban migration, and globalization. However, Indigenous knowledge does not exist in a vacuum. It coexists and competes with many knowledge systems, inculcating in Africans multiple identities and consciousness. We discuss the implication of our findings and explain why there is a need for Africans to better integrate their multiple consciousnesses and different lived realities.
The Role of the Kynurenine Pathway in the (Patho) physiology of Maternal Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: van Zundert Sofie KM , Broekhuizen Michelle , Smit Ashley JP , van Rossem Lenie , Mirzaian Mina , Willemsen Sten P , Danser AH Jan , De Rijke Yolanda B , Reiss Irwin KM , Merkus Daphne , Steegers-Theunissen Régine PM
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Tryptophan is the precursor of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites which regulate immune tolerance, energy metabolism, and vascular tone. Since these processes are important during pregnancy, changes in KP metabolite concentrations may play a role in the pathophysiology of pregnancy complications. We hypothesize that KP metabolites can serve as novel biomarkers and preventive therapeutic targets. This review aimed to provide more insight into associations between KP metabolite concentrations in maternal and fetal blood, and in the placenta, and adverse maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes.

Methods:

A systematic search was performed on 18 February 2022 comprising all KP metabolites, and keywords related to maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes. English-written human studies measuring KP metabolite(s) in maternal or fetal blood or in the placenta in relation to pregnancy complications, were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the ErasmusAGE quality score (QS) (range: 0-10). A meta-analysis of the mean maternal tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations in uncomplicated pregnancies was conducted.

Results:

Of the 6262 unique records, 37 were included (median QS = 5). Tryptophan was investigated in most studies, followed by kynurenine, predominantly in maternal blood (n = 28/37), and in the second and third trimester of pregnancy (n = 29/37). Compared to uncomplicated pregnancies, decreased tryptophan in maternal blood was associated with an increased prevalence of depression, gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal growth restriction, spontaneous abortion, and preterm birth. Elevated tryptophan was only observed in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant women. In women with preeclampsia, only kynurenic acid was altered; elevated in the first trimester of pregnancy, and positively associated with proteinuria in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Conclusions:

KP metabolite concentrations were altered in a variety of maternal pregnancy and fetal complications. This review implies that physiological pregnancy requires a tight balance of KP metabolites, and that disturbances in either direction are associated with adverse maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes.
Fingerprick blood samples to measure serum natalizumab concentrations
Authors: Toorop Alyssa A , Steenhuis Maurice , Loeff Floris C , Weijers Suzanne S , Killestein Joep , Rispens Theo , Kempen Zoé LE van
Published: November 2022

Background:

Natalizumab via subcutaneous administration was recently approved for patients with multiple sclerosis.

Objective:

In light of personalized extended dosing, in which treatment intervals are prolonged to a concentration cut-off, it would be preferable to measure natalizumab drug concentrations in capillary blood.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study in patients treated with intravenous (IV) natalizumab, capillary blood samples by fingerprick and venous blood samples were collected in 30 participants prior to IV administration of natalizumab.

Results:

Natalizumab concentrations were similar with a mean bias of −0.36 μg/mL (95% CI: 1.3 to −2 μg/mL).

Conclusions:

This study shows that physicians can monitor natalizumab drug concentrations by a fingerprick, which could be used for personalized extended dosing.
Interface critique at large
Authors: Dieter Michael
Published: November 2022

This article considers how the pursuit of problematization advocated by Agre’s concept of critical technical practice has been articulated in relation to the increasing proliferation of interfaces across everyday life. While the ethos of Agre’s work to bridge the split identity of critique and craft can readily be found in reflexive design or software art, these cases are not always situated within broader ecologies of practice that also grapple with the asymmetries and exploitative aspects of interface design. Drawing from software studies and media theoretical accounts of the interface as a fluid milieu, I provide a navigational matrix to contextualize modes of interface critique at large, namely specifying traps and enclosures, surfacing asymmetries and augmenting alternatives. I argue, finally, that these modes provide an invitation to develop new metacritical theories and common capacities, particularly through the possibilities of grappling with systems of domination otherwise built to prefigure our experiences of them.
Ideological prejudice is stronger in ideological extremists (vs. moderates)
Authors: Woitzel Johanna , Koch Alex
Published: November 2022

The agency–beliefs–communion (ABC) model and worldview conflict research show that people rate groups as more moral and likable if they rate their ideology as more similar to the ideology of the self. This paper refers to this effect as ideological prejudice. There is a debate whether ideology moderates the effect size of ideological prejudice. Through three observational studies ( NS1 = 700, NS2 = 974, NS3 = 633), this paper contributes to this debate in three ways. First and primarily, the paper shows that ideological prejudice is stronger in conservatives and progressives compared to people with more moderate ideological beliefs. Second, stronger ideological prejudice in ideological extremists (vs. moderates) holds when controlling for stronger ingroup favoritism in ideological extremists (vs. moderates). And third, the paper suggests that higher importance of own ideology in ideological extremists (vs. moderates) may explain why ideological prejudice is stronger in ideological extremists (vs. moderates). These findings develop a part of the ABC model of stereotypes, contribute to worldview conflict research, and help to explain why ideological polarization is divisive.
The association between non-parental childcare intensity and parental mental health across Europe
Authors: Somogyi Nikolett , Van Lancker Wim , Van de Velde Sarah
Published: November 2022

Background:

Young children are spending an increasing amount of time in non-parental childcare. Despite this trend, few studies have examined how the intensity of non-parental childcare associates with mental health in parents, particularly taking the institutional context concerning childcare into account.

Methods:

Data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions EU-SILC (2013) were used to develop a multi-level linear regression model. The sample was restricted to parents in dual-earner couples and with at least one child below the age of three ( N=6709). Mental health was assessed using the Mental Health Inventory-5.

Results:

Highest levels of mental health were found in parents who use a moderate level of non-parental childcare, while full-time childcare was associated with lower levels of mental health. Working parents reported better mental health in countries where spending on formal childcare was higher, or where using formal childcare use was more widespread for this age group.

Conclusions:

While this study does not allow to establish a causal relationship between the researched indicators, it does indicate that mental-health problems are not randomly distributed among parents but tend to cluster more densely within parents who use higher intensities of childcare and in countries with less supportive childcare policies. Research that ignores social contexts might therefore be limited in terms of generalisation.
Telehealth care system for chronic disease management of middle-aged and older adults in remote areas
Authors: Lan Yu Li , Chen Hsing Chu
Published: November 2022

Background

With the global spread of the coronavirus disease pandemic, governments have become more interested in applying telehealth technology in 2020.

Objective

This study integrates the technology acceptance model and information system success model to explore the influence of satisfaction, attitudes, and continued use of telehealth systems among middle-aged and older people in remote areas.

Methods

The study participants were patients over 40 years (inclusive) who lived in remote townships in eastern Taiwan, were diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension, and used the telehealth care system. In total, 545 questionnaires were returned, resulting in a recovery rate of 99%.

Results

Accepting the hypothesized structural equation model, this study found that information, system, and service quality were influenced by the mediating effect of perceived ease of use and the perceived usefulness of the technology acceptance model. The use of telehealth care systems among chronic patients increased significantly.
Understanding information needs during COVID-19: A comparison study between an online health community and a Q&A platform
Authors: Peng Rachel X , Wang Ryan Yang
Published: November 2022

This paper aims at identifying user’s information needs on Coronavirus and the differences of user’s information needs between the online health community MedHelp and the question-and-answer forum Quora during the COVID-19 global pandemic. We obtained the posts in the sub-community Coronavirus on MedHelp (195 posts with 1627 answers) and under the topic of COVID-19(2019-2020) on Quora (263 posts with 8401 answers) via web scraping built on Selenium WebDriver. After preprocessing, we conducted topic modeling on both corpora and identified the best topic model for each corpus based on the diagnostic metrics. Leveraging the improved sqrt-cosine similarity measurement, we further compared the topic similarity between these two corpora. This study finds that there are common information needs on both platforms about vaccination and the essential elements of the disease including the onset symptoms, transmission routes, preventive measures, treatment and control of COVID-19. Some unique discussions on MedHelp are about psychological health, and therapeutic management of patients. Users on Quora have special interests of information about the association between vaccine and Luciferase, and attacks on Fauci after email trove released. The work is beneficial for researchers who aim to provide accurate information assistance and build effective online emergence response programs during the pandemic.
Law and economics behind ecocide: Juggling between rules and standards
Authors: Rawal Shailja
Published: November 2022

When natural environment is under an attack, humans suffer too but should “Ecocide” which literally translates into “killing the environment” be made a criminal offence and if yes, then how will such a law work out? Considering the current inadequacies in environmental governance and increasing catastrophic consequences, very recently, a proposal has been made in order to include ecocide as the fifth international crime. If and when promulgated as law, this should yield in a novel historic shift towards adopting a non-anthropocentric approach. Implementation of ecocide as a legal command, albeit an appreciable idea, involves certain challenges in terms of drafting and promulgating such command as a “rule” or “standard”. This paper, through a law and economics perspective, while discussing the various shortcomings, critiques the definition for its standard-like approach. Legally and economically, promulgation of any command can be either in the form of rules or standards. However, considering the lack of consensus and inconsistent usage of the terms in the definition, the proposal seems to be a closer fit within the latter category. This however, not only falls inconsistent with the envisioned aim of creating certainty and predictability but also falters within a sound regime of cost benefit analysis. The idea is to propose a combination of “ex ante” determination of law i.e., formulation of rule and “ex post” liability in the contingency of the said rule being violated. This is especially important considering the penal repercussions associated with the crime. That being said, it is acknowledged that even the implementation of rules might have certain shortcomings yet the idea is not to prove that ecocide as a rule is intrinsically the best; instead, it is at least perceived to be better than the rest.
Effectiveness of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
Authors: Alvin Sia Dewei
Published: November 2022

Since the 1980s, Southeast Asia has experienced transboundary haze pollution. To combat this, ASEAN member states have taken action, culminating in the signing of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in 2002. Nevertheless, transboundary haze pollution remains a problem in the region. This note argues that the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution has had limited success for five reasons. First, there is no regional centre to monitor haze pollution and facilitate co-operation. Second, there are bilateral relations hindering joint response towards pollution. Third, there is ineffective legislative action and enforcement at the national level. Fourth, there are potential conflicts of interest between stakeholders involved in transboundary haze pollution. Fifth, an overarching issue lies in the ASEAN mode of governance, in which member states are reluctant to adopt an adversarial approach towards regional problems.
Towards a Global Social Policy Otherwise: Decoloniality, socialist worldmaking and an ethics of translation
Authors: Lendvai-Bainton Noémi , Stubbs Paul
Published: November 2022

In this text, we argue for critical reflexivity regarding ‘global social policy studies’, focusing on the pitfalls of forms of historical presentism and Eurocentrism, not least in terms of a profound silence about colonialism, culminating in a ‘view from above or from nowhere’. We explore the importance of historical legacies of historical socialist worldbuilding projects and the complexities of so-called ‘transition’ in liminal, peripheral, spaces. The text is structured around four interlinked dialogues and reflections: on the nature of our critique of Global Social Policy as an emergent field; on understanding the unfolding dynamics of social policy in the Global East; on the importance of decolonial histories and historiographies as a way of overcoming the profound ‘presentism’ of Global Social Policy and, finally, on the possibilities of articulating a Global Social Policy ‘otherwise’ and an ethics of translation.
Gabriel Tarde and cultural evolution: The consequence of neglecting our Mendel
Authors: Blute Marion
Published: November 2022

After documenting Tarde’s neglect and placing him in the 19th-century sociological context, this paper argues that his concept of “imitation” was important because social learning (writ small) or culture (writ large), a non-genetic form of heredity, means that a distinct cultural evolutionary process including variation and selection resulting in descent with modification is inevitable. Beginning in the last half of the 20th century there was a flowering of theorizing and research about cultural evolution across the humanities and social sciences and eventually about culture in general in sociology. Unfortunately, what should have been recognized as Tarde’s role as a forefather of these has only occasionally been recognized.
Agent-based modelling for early-stage optimization of spatial structures
Authors: Zargar Seyed Hossein , Sadeghi Jaleh , Brown Nathan C.
Published: November 2022

Agent-based modelling (ABM) is a complex problem-solving approach that can be employed in early-stage parametric design, and certain design applications may benefit from such a bottom-up strategy. This research investigates the potential of ABM for structural design optimization. A case study of a form-found cantilevered truss is presented that has a doubly curved shape over a regular grid, resulting in individual members with different lengths across the structure. It is hypothesized that an agent-based approach might generate an irregular grid of similar or better structural performance, but with more uniform length of individual elements. This approach could be useful when designing a global structural form from a kit of parts or adaptively reusing a disassembled existing structure with regular member lengths. A series of ABM simulations are conducted with different hyperparameters, and the generated designs are compared to the original form-found shape in terms of structural performance.
Exploring the Activities and Target Audiences of School-Based Violence Prevention Programs: Systematic Review and Intervention Component Analysis
Authors: Rizzo Andrew J. , Orr Noreen , Shaw Naomi , Farmer Caroline , Chollet Annah , Young Honor , Berry Vashti , Rigby Emma , Hagell Ann , Bonell Chris , Melendez-Torres G. J.
Published: November 2022

Adolescents are at an increased risk for experiencing dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV). School-based interventions remain an important and frequently used method for DRV/GBV prevention. A clear understanding and description of the different components of school-based interventions specific to DRV/GBV is needed to organize and advance the array of prevention efforts being utilized in school settings. We conducted an intervention component analysis to create a taxonomy for school-based interventions addressing DRV and GBV. We searched 21 databases in July 2020 and updated searches in June 2021, alongside extensive supplementary search methods. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adolescents of compulsory school-age that were implemented within the school setting which partially or wholly focused on DRV and GBV topics. Our analysis included 68 studies describing 76 different school-based interventions. Through an iterative coding process we identified 40 intervention components organized within 13 activity categories, including both student-directed components and non-student-directed components such as activities for school personnel and family members of students. We also identified components addressing higher levels of the social-ecological model including structural-social and structural-environmental aspects of DRV/GBV which prior reviews have not considered. This taxonomy of components and synthesis of intervention efficacy for DRV/GBV school-based interventions provides a framework for comparing past intervention evaluations and constructing new interventions to address these issues at multiple levels within a community.
Parental Risk and Protective Factors in Child Maltreatment: A Systematic Review of the Evidence
Authors: Younas Fatima , Gutman Leslie Morrison
Published: November 2022

This study systematically reviews and synthesizes evidence on parental risk and protective factors along with identifying differences in the presence of these factors based on maltreatment type. In all, 68 quantitative, published, empirical studies were included from electronic databases for the systematic review. Quality appraisal did not exclude any studies and data were extracted from all. Results were narratively synthesized using the Risk and Resilience Ecological framework. The findings revealed more risk factors on the micro (individual and family) ecological level compared to mezzo and macro levels. At the micro level, findings mirror results of prior systematic reviews such as parental substance abuse, history of childhood maltreatment, and intimate partner violence (IPV). Social support was the most significant protective factor across all ecological levels and across all maltreatment types except child sexual abuse but differed in definition widely across studies. Physical abuse had the most risk factors unique to this type followed by neglect, and IPV was a common risk factor across all maltreatment types. Fewer studies on emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and protective factors were identified. The findings of this review delineated key parental risk and protective factors at various ecological levels along with associations between distinct factors and types of maltreatment. Interventions working with parents to reduce child maltreatment risk can use these findings to guide development of targeted programs for families based on risk and maltreatment type. For researchers, the findings can guide further investigation in under-researched areas of parental sexual and emotional abuse and protective factors.
Alchemy
Authors: Dill LeConté J.
Published: November 2022

This poem follows the cues of the drumbeat. This poem leaves breadcrumbs. This poem decodes recipes for the writer and the reader. This poem introduces, or rather re-introduces, the onto-epistemology and theory of “conjure feminisms” to public health audiences—Black Feminist ways of being, knowing, and inquiring with attention to nature, memory, the body, one’s lineage, and magic making. This poem is an invitation to heal and a re-centering of healing within public health. To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.
soft to the touch
Authors: Harvin Sarah
Published: November 2022

I had my first very close encounter with a dead body when I was working as a nursing assistant in a local hospital. As we readied the body for the family, I was struck by how this body defied all of my expectations of how dead bodies were supposed to behave. The skin was soft, warm, and supple. Blood continued to rush, and then eventually merely weep, from injection sites, the coagulation cascade still diligently at work. More than anything, I was fascinated by my surprise. In the context of Western medicine, death has been so pervasively medicalized that many, if not most, people will die in hospitals or medical care facilities. Death is not warm or comfortable; we describe it as cold and impersonal, and this characterization reflects our innate fear of death itself. This view of death began to decay as we bathed a body that was so recently alive. I wondered if we could one day be rid of the wartime metaphors of fighting and victory and defeat. Metaphors and analogies work to protect us with distance, but an increased proximity could restore the quiet intimacy which I have found to be beneficial in beginning the grieving process.To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.
Mourning (Like Lava): On Returning to the Last Place She Was Alive
Authors: Grant-Domond Jessica
Published: November 2022

There are some remembrances that are burned into memory: hospital corridors, last moments, and slowed time. It’s easy to measure grief by the days in which the weight is too much. Scales toppled. Memories flashed. But what of its grayness? Abandoned dishes in the sink, the monotony of repeating the “death story,” halted sympathies, and personal absentmindedness. Grief shares a room with the hard truths about Black mortality that are dependent on zip codes, socioeconomic class, and deeply rooted anti-blackness. So unsettling is this grief that is easily tangled within larger webs that it seems to lose its sacredness. Holiness comes from embodiment. I am here and a product of my ancestors (no matter how complicated). My breath is a life force. My breath is a rebellion. My breath will be my salvation. Grief teaches that finding your breath and groundedness is the antidote to strength.To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.
WiFi in the Woods
Authors: Burch Shanaé R.
Published: November 2022

Nearly 170,000 people die in the world daily—estimating to about 60 million individuals a year. This number is abstract until you ask the mourners, identify the mourning, and become one who mourns while trying to live. So, where is the grief education? Where is the initiative in the public health sphere to not simply teach “How to Mourn” but “How To Go on Loving?” Where is the health policy that protects the time scientists say we need to grieve? There are a number of people at this moment grieving as you read this—perhaps even you. Grief is a natural response to loss; however, our society’s imagination around bereavement, honor, and slowing down to fully acknowledge death’s impact has been stunted by the enormous expectation to push through and grind for capitalism. This poem captures moments navigating the silences of grief, tending to the shadows of mental health breakdown, learning to chop among the trees and stars. This poem serves as a timestamp of a winter visit to the woods, processing themes such as death, dying, letting go, transitioning, and letting go again. This particular poem was generated from a prompt received on December 10, 2021, while participating in a Death Ritual. The day’s focus was forming a practice and expressing death as art thanks to artist, facilitator, and Love Extremist, Ethan Lipsitz, for prompting me to reflect on our mortality. To learn more about Ethan Lipsitz and this movement, visit extremist.love or www.deathfriendsforever.com . To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.
Vitamin B12 and Diabetic Foot: Α Mini-Review
Authors: Karakousis Nikolaos D. , Pyrgioti Elisavet E. , Georgakopoulos Petros N. , Papanas Nikolaos
Published: November 2022

This narrative mini-review article aimed to investigate the potential association of vitamin B12 levels with diabetic neuropathy (DN) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). It was demonstrated that B12 deficiency seems to be related to DFUs in cases of metformin administration and bariatric surgery. B12 supplementation with dietary measures and agents may improve DN and quality of life (QoL). However, data are still preliminary and more experience is needed.
Toward An Affect Based View of Principal–Agent Dynamics
Authors: Tilton Jacqueline , Bilgili Hansin , Johnson Jon , Ellstrand Alan
Published: November 2022

Following its 40th anniversary and more than three decades after its introduction to the strategic management literature, agency theory remains the predominant theory of corporate governance. In this paper, we examine affect, an underexplored dimension in principal-agent relationships. Using the CEO-board of directors relationship as a context, we develop a theoretical lens that explains how interpersonal affect underlying relationships between CEOs and directors of boards shapes behavior in ways that deviate from traditional agency theory predictions. We discuss how the incorporation of an affective perspective advances principal-agent research by revising agency theory‘s assumptions concerning human nature and behavior and suggesting new research directions. By acknowledging a central role of affect, we connect existing behavioral approaches to organizational agency and advance our understanding of socioemotional foundations of principal-agent tensions, problems, and agency costs.