bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a System for Physiological Status Monitoring by using Tactical Military Networks
Authors: Stevanoski Goce , Kocev Ivica , Achkoski Jugoslav , Koceski Saso , Temelkovski Boban
Published: October 2016

E-health sensors are continuing to become more advanced and more reliable in monitoring the human physiological status. There is a continuous scope for improvement in their implementation in different emergency situations. Military organisations can take an advantage of this technology for applying physiological status monitoring on personnel engaged in military operations. This implementation is driven by continuous enhancements of existing communication equipment that produces more data capable radio networks in military environment. Based on these technologies we are proposing system communication architecture for applying real-time physiological status monitoring for personnel engaged in military operations. To examine the proposed architecture, a laboratory testing was performed. The laboratory work included a definition of military communication equipment, testing the received data with custom developed algorithm based on Markov decision process for automating the medical emergency protocol (MDP-AMEP) and implementation of adequate data protocols for data transmitting. Obtained results showed that physiological status of the military personnel can be successfully monitored by using tactical military network.
The heterodonty in euselachian sharks from the Pennsylvanian of Nebraska
Authors: Ginter Michał
Published: October 2016

Among the rich material of chondrichthyan microremains from the Indian Cave Sandstone (Upper Pennsylvanian, Gzhelian) near Peru, Nebraska, USA, housed at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, there occur almost sixty teeth representing Euselachii. They belong to at least seven species, presenting various types of heterodonty. Two new species are described, viz. Ossianodus nebraskensis gen. et sp. nov., whose dentition is similar to that of certain Mesozoic hybodonts, and Sphenacanthus tenuis sp. nov. with minute teeth of protacrodont design. Most of the euselachian teeth served to crush or grind prey, and some had the potential to clutch, but cutting teeth are absent from the fauna.
Integrated biostratigraphy of the Santonian through Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of extra-Carpathian Poland
Authors: Walaszczyk Ireneusz , Dubicka Zofia , Olszewska-Nejbert Danuta , Remin Zbigniew
Published: October 2016

The biostratigraphic importance, current zonations, and potential for the recognition of the standard chronostratigraphic boundaries of five palaeontological groups (benthic foraminifers, ammonites, belemnites, inoceramid bivalves and echinoids), critical for the stratigraphy of the Santonian through Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of extra-Carpathian Poland, are presented and discussed. The summary is based on recent studies in selected sections of southern Poland (Nida Synclinorium; Puławy Trough including the Middle Vistula River composite section; and Mielnik and Kornica sections of south-eastern Mazury-Podlasie Homocline) and of western Ukraine (Dubivtsi). The new zonation based on benthic forams is presented for the entire interval studied. Zonations for ammonites, belemnites and inoceramid bivalves are compiled. All stage boundaries, as currently defined or understood, may easily be constrained or precisely located with the groups discussed: the base of the Santonian with the First Occurrence (FO) of the inoceramid Cladoceramus undulatoplicatus; the base of the Campanian with the Last Occurrence (LO) of the crinoid Marsupites testudinarius and approximated by the range of the foraminifer Stensioeina pommerana; and the base of the Maastrichtian approximated by the FO of the inoceramid bivalve Endocostea typica and the FO of the belemnite Belemnella vistulensis. The positions of substage boundaries, as currently understood, are constrained in terms of the groups discussed.
The Middle Miocene of the Fore-Carpathian Basin (Poland, Ukraine and Moldova)
Authors: Wysocka Anna , Radwański Andrzej , Górka Marcin , Bąbel Maciej , Radwańska Urszula , Złotnik Michał
Published: October 2016

Studies of Miocene sediments in the Fore-Carpathian Basin, conducted by geologists from the University of Warsaw have provided new insights on the distribution of the facies infilling the basin, particularly in the forebulge and back-bulge zones. The origin of the large-scale sand bodies, evaporitic deposits and large-scale organic buildups is discussed, described and verified. These deposits originated in variable, shallow marine settings, differing in their water chemistry and the dynamics of sedimentary processes, and are unique with regard to the fossil assemblages they yield. Many years of taxonomic, biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic and ecotaphonomic investigations have resulted in the identification of the fossil assemblages of these sediments, their age, sedimentary settings and post-mortem conditions. Detailed studies were focused on corals, polychaetes, most classes of molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, and fishes.
Mnin restraining stepover – evidence of significant Cretaceous–Cenozoic dextral strike-slip faulting along the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone?
Authors: Konon Andrzej , Ostrowski Szymon , Rybak-Ostrowska Barbara , Ludwiniak Mirosław , Śmigielski Michał , Wyglądała Michał , Uroda Joanna , Kowalczyk Sebastian , Mieszkowski Radosław , Kłopotowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2016

A newly recognized Mnin restraining stepover is identified in the Permo-Mesozoic cover of the western part of the Late Palaeozoic Holy Cross Mountains Fold Belt (Poland), within a fault pattern consisting of dextral strike-slip faults. The formation of a large contractional structure at the Late Cretaceous – Cenozoic transition displays the significant role of strike-slip faulting along the western border of the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone, in the foreland of the Polish part of the Carpathian Orogen. Theoretical relationships between the maximum fault offsets/ mean step length, as well as between the maximum fault offsets/mean step width allowed the estimation of the values of possible offsets along the Snochowice and Mieczyn faults forming the Mnin stepover. The estimated values suggest displacements of as much as several tens of kilometres. The observed offset along the Tokarnia Fault and theoretical calculations suggest that the strike-slip faults west of the Late Palaeozoic Holy Cross Mountains Fold Belt belong to a large strike-slip fault system.

We postulate that the observed significant refraction of the faults forming the anastomosing fault pattern is related also to the interaction of the NW-SE-striking faults formed along the western border of the Teisseyre- Tornquist Zone and the reactivated WNW-ESE-striking faults belonging to the fault systems of the northern margin of the Tethys Ocean.
Sulphate and arsenate minerals as environmental indicators in the weathering zones of selected ore deposits, Western Sudetes, Poland
Authors: Parafiniuk Jan , Siuda Rafał , Borkowski Andrzej
Published: October 2016

The results of a complex investigation of the sulphate and arsenate assemblages forming in the weathering zone of selected ore deposits in the Sudetes are presented. The development of the weathering zone has been characterised in the polymetallic ore deposits at Miedzianka-Ciechanowice and Radzimowice, and the pyrite deposit at Wieściszowice, which differ in the chemical compositions of the ore and barren minerals and the hydrological conditions. Secondary sulphate and arsenate mineral assemblages vary significantly among the ore deposits under study. Their crystallization is discussed, taking into consideration the stability of particular minerals and the paths of their transformation. It is shown that these minerals have great potential as indicators of weathering processes. A significant role for microorganisms in the formation of the weathering zone of the ore deposits under study is also proven.
Stress-strain behaviour analysis of Middle Polish glacial tills from Warsaw (Poland) based on the interpretation of advanced field and laboratory tests
Authors: Bąkowska Anna , Dobak Dobak , Gawriuczenkow Ireneusz , Kiełbasiński Kamil , Szczepański Tomasz , Trzciński Jerzy , Wójcik Emilia , Zawrzykraj Piotr
Published: October 2016

The selected parameters of the Wartanian and Odranian tills, with relation to their spatial occurrence, grain size distribution, mineralogical composition, matric suction and other physical characteristics, are presented. The assessment of the lithogenesis and stress history on the microstructure is attempted. The comparison of the compression and permeability characteristics from field and laboratory tests has been performed. Laboratory consolidation tests carried out with up to 20MPa vertical stress, revealed two yield stress values, one in the range of a couple hundreds kPa, the other in the range of a couple thousands kPa. Based on those results, the reliability of the soil preconsolidation assessment, with the use of the two different methods is discussed. The aspect of the triaxial strength reduction under the dynamic loading of diverse frequency and amplitude is raised. The research results depict a variety of possible geological-engineering characteristics, under the divergent constraints scenarios, of compression or strength weakening origin. The effects of the specialized research program will widen the possibilities of physio-mechanical and structural characterization of soils for geological-engineering purposes.
Abrasive Wear of AlSi12-Al2O3 Composite Materials Manufactured by Pressure Infiltration
Authors: Kremzer M. , Dziekońska M. , Sroka M. , Tomiczek B.
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study is to investigate tribological properties of EN AC-AlSi12 alloy composite materials matrix manufactured by pressure infiltration of Al2O3porous preforms. In the paper, a technique of manufacturing composite materials was described in detail as well as wear resistance made on pin on disc was tested. Metallographic observations of wear traces of tested materials using stereoscopic and confocal microscopy were made. Studies allow concluding that obtained composite materials have much better wear resistance than the matrix alloy AlSi12. It was further proved that the developed technology of their preparation consisting of pressure infiltration of porous ceramic preforms can find a practical application.
Phase Identification of Nanometric Precipitates in Al-Si-Cu Aluminum Alloy by Hr-Stem Investigations
Authors: Pawlyta M. , Labisz K. , Matus K.
Published: October 2016

Aluminium recycling is cost-effective and beneficial for the environment. It is expected that this trend will continue in the future, and even will steadily increase. The consequence of the use of recycled materials is variable and difficult to predict chemical composition. This causes a significant reduction in the production process, since the properties of produced alloy are determined by the microstructure and the presence of precipitates of other phases. For this reason, the type and order of formation of precipitates were systematically investigated in recent decades. These studies involved, however, only the main systems (Al-Cu, Al-Mg-Si, Al-Cu-Mg, Al-Mg-Si-Cu), while more complex systems were not analysed. Even trace amounts of additional elements can significantly affect the alloy microstructure and composition of precipitates formed. This fact is particularly important in the case of new technologies such as laser surface treatment. As a result of extremely high temperature and temperature changes after the laser remelting large amount of precipitates are observed. Precipitates are nanometric in size and have different morphology and chemical composition. A full understanding of the processes that occur during the laser remelting requires their precise but also time effectively phase identification, which due to the diversity and nanometric size, is a major research challenge. This work presents the methodology of identification of nanometer phase precipitates in the alloy AlSi9Cu, based on the simultaneous TEM imaging and chemical composition analysis using the dispersion spectroscopy using the characteristic X-ray. Verification is performed by comparing the simulation unit cell of the identified phase with the experimental high-resolution image.
Structure and Properties of Diamond-Like Carbon Films Deposited by PACVD Technique on Light Alloys
Authors: Tański T. , Labisz K. , Krupiński M. , Lukaszkowicz K. , Krzemiński Ł.
Published: October 2016

The investigations presented in this paper describe surface treatment performed on samples of heat-treated cast magnesium and aluminium alloy. The structure and chemical composition as well as the functional and mechanical properties of the obtained gradient/monolithic films were analysed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, the ball-on-disk tribotester and scratch testing. Moreover, investigation of the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of the samples was carried out by means of potentiodynamic polarisation curves in 1-M NaCl solution. The coatings produced by chemical vapour deposition did not reveal any delamination or defects and they adhere closely to the substrate. The coating thickness was in a range of up to 2.5 microns. Investigations using Raman spectra of the DLC films confirmed a multiphase character of the diamond-like carbon layer, revealing the sp2 and sp3 electron hybridisation responsible for both the hardness and the friction coefficient. The best wear resistance test results were obtained for the magnesium alloy substrate - AZ61, for which the measured value of the friction path length was equal to 630 m.
Influence of Aluminium Alloy Anodizing and Casting Methods on Structure and Functional Properties
Authors: Konieczny J. , Labisz K. , Polok-Rubiniec M. , Włodarczyk-Fligier A.
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the influence of casting method and anodic treatment parameters on thickness and structure of an anodic layer formed on aluminium alloys. As test materials was used the aluminium alloy AlSi9Cu3, which was adopted to the casting process and anodic treatment. In this paper are presented the wear test results and metallographic examination, as well as hardness of non-anodised and anodised alloys subjected to anodising process.

The investigations were performed using light and electron microscopy (AFM) for the microstructure determination. The morphology and size of the layer was also possible to determine. The anodising conditions for surface hardening and its influence on properties was analysed. The structure of the surface laser tray changes in a way, that there is a different thickness of the produced layer. The aluminium samples were examined in terms of metallography using the optical microscope with different image techniques as well as light microscope. Improving the anodization technology with appliance of different anodising conditions. Some other investigation should be performed in the future, but the knowledge found in this research concerning the proper process parameters for each type of alloy shows an interesting investigation direction. The combination of metallographic investigation for cast aluminium alloys – including electron microscope investigation – and anodising parameters makes the investigation very attractive for automobile industry, aviation industry, and others, where aluminium alloys plays an important role.
Biomechanical Analysis of Individual All-Ceramic Abutments Used in Dental Implantology
Authors: Ziębowicz B. , Ziębowicz A. , Bączkowski B. , Kajzer W. , Kajzer A.
Published: October 2016

The paper presents the results of finite element analysis and experimental testing under simulated physiological loading conditions on issues shaping the functional properties of individual all-ceramic abutments manufactured by CAD/CAM technology. The conducted research have cognitive significance showing the all-ceramic abutment behavior, as a key element of the implantological system, under the action of cyclic load. The aim of this study was evaluation the fatigue behavior of yttria-stabilized zirconia abutment submitted to cyclic stresses, conducted in accordance with EN ISO 14801 applies to dynamic fatigue tests of endosseous dental implants.
The Use of Compressed Air for Micro-Jet Cooling After MIG Welding
Authors: Hadryś D. , Węgrzyn T. , Piwnik J. , Stanik Z. , Tarasiuk W.
Published: October 2016

The material selected for this investigation was low alloy steel weld metal deposit (WMD) after MIG welding with micro-jet cooling. The present investigation was aimed as the following tasks: obtained WMD with various amount of acicular ferrite and further analyze impact toughness of WMD in terms of acicular ferrite amount in it. Weld metal deposit (WMD) was first time carried out for MIG welding with micro-jet cooling of compressed air and gas mixture of argon and air. Until that moment only argon, helium and nitrogen were tested as micro-jet gases for MIG/MAG processes. An important role in the interpretation of the results can give methods of artificial intelligence.
Innovation in the Process of Thermal Spraying Coatings
Authors: Szczucka-Lasota B.
Published: October 2016

In this paper, the hybrid method connects the ultrasonic spraying method with a injector of complex cooling micro-jet system is presented. The use of properly constructed injector allows for local and selective cooling of the coating structure immediately after spraying process. The construction of injector is the subject of patent in Polen. The presented new technology gives practical possibility of control of coatings structure. This is the kind of positive feedback between the technology process and obtained product (the quality of the process increases the quality of the final product). The initial experimental investigations, presented in this paper, show, that the obtained coatings structure is: fine-dispersion of the grain, with a lower porosity, good compactness and adhesion to the substrate.
Styrene Epoxidation Over Heterogeneous Manganese(III) Complexes
Authors: Kuźniarska-Biernacka I. , Lisinska-Czekaj A. , Czekaj D. , Alves M. José , Fonseca A. Mauricio , Neves I. Correia
Published: October 2016

The manganes(III) complex functionalised with 2,3-dihydropyridazine has been encapsulated in the supercages of the NaY zeolite using two different procedures, flexible ligand and in situ complex. The parent zeolite and the encapsulated manganese(III) complexes were screened as catalysts for styrene oxidation by using t-BOOH as the oxygen source in acetonitrile. Under the optimized conditions, the catalysts exhibited moderate activity with high selectivity to benzaldehyde
Study of Phase Transition in Bi3TiNbO9-BaBi2Nb2O9 Ceramics
Authors: Adamczyk M. , Kusz J. , Hofmeister W. , Zubko M. , Kozielski L. , Pilch M. , Bochenek D. , Wodecka-Duś B.
Published: October 2016

The subject of the paper is lead free bismuth layer structure oxides (1-x)Bi3TiNbO9-xBaBi2Nb2O9 (x=0; 1; 2; 3 mol). The influence of Bi3TiNbO9/BaBi2Nb2O9 ratio on dielectric and structural properties was studied in a wide range of temperatures. Change in the ratio causes a decrease in the maximum value of dielectric permittivity and shifts the temperature of ε’max to low values, leading to linear decreasing of average grain size and linear increasing of ceramics density. These results indicate an augment of the packing degree and the participation of pores are significantly decreased with the increase of BaBi2Nb2O9 compound intake. Moreover, for 0.7Bi3TiNbO9-0.3BaBi2Nb2O9 ceramics the dielectric phase transition is broadened and the properties characteristic for the ferroelectric relaxor appear.
Effect of SiO2 Particle Size and Length of Poly(Propylene Glycol) Chain on Rheological Properties of Shear Thickening Fluids
Authors: Antosik A. , Głuszek M. , Żurowski R. , Szafran M.
Published: October 2016

The rheological properties of shear thickening fluids based on silica powder of particles size in range 0.10 – 2.80 μm and poly(propylene glycol) of 425, 1000, 2000 g/mol molar mass were investigated. The effect of particle size and the length of the polymeric chain was considered. The objective of this study was to understand basic trends of physicochemical properties of used materials on the onset and the maximum of shear thickening and dilatant effect. Outcome of the research suggested that an increase in the particle size caused a decrease in dilatant effect and shift towards higher shear rate values. Application of carrier fluid of higher molar mass allowed to increase dilatant effect but it resulted in the increase of the initial viscosity of the fluid.
Effect of Boron on Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of Mo-Si-B Based Coatings Produced Via TIG Process
Authors: Islak S. , Özorak C. , Sezgin C. T. , Akkaş M.
Published: October 2016

In this study, Mo-Si-B based coatings were produced using tungsten inert gas (TIG) process on the medium carbon steel because the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of these alloys are particularly favourable for high-temperature structural applications. It is aimed to investigate of microstructure and microhardness properties of Mo-Si-B based coatings. Optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the microstructures of Mo-Si-B based coatings. The XRD results showed that microstructure of Mo–Si–B coating consists of α-Mo, α-Fe, Mo2B, Mo3Si and Mo5SiB2 phases. It was reported that the grains in the microstructure were finer with increasing amounts of boron which caused to occur phase precipitations in the grain boundary. Besides, the average microhardness of coatings changed between 735 HV0.3 and 1140 HV0.3 depending on boron content.
Mg-ZrO2 Nanocomposite: Relative Effect of Reinforcement Incorporation Technique
Authors: Hassan S.F.
Published: October 2016

In this study, ingot metallurgy and powder metallurgy processes were used to incorporate 0.2 and 0.7 vol% of nano-size ZrO2 particles reinforcement to develop magnesium nanocomposite. Both of the processing methods led to reasonably fair reinforcement distribution, substantial grain refinement and minimum porosity in the nanocomposites. Strengthening effect of nano-ZrO2 reinforcement in the magnesium matrix was greater when incorporated using the ingot metallurgy process. The matrix ductility and resistance to fracture were significantly improved due to the presence of nano-ZrO2 reinforcement when incorporated using the powder metallurgy process. Tensile fracture surfaces revealed that the less-ductile cleavage fracture mechanism of hexagonal close packed magnesium matrix has changed to more ductile mode due to the presence of nano-ZrO2 particles in all the processed nanocomposites.
Compressive Deformation Behavior of an Ultrafine/Nano Grained AZ31 Magnesium Processed by Accumulative Back Extrusion
Authors: Fatemi S.M. , Zarei-Hanzaki A. , Paul H.
Published: October 2016

An AZ31magneium alloy was processed through accumulative back extrusion (ABE) process at 280 °C up to six passes. Compressive deformation behavior of the processed materials was studied by employing uniaxial compression tests at room temperature. The results indicated that grains of 80 nm to 1 µm size were formed during accumulative back extrusion, where the mean grain size of the experimental material was reduced by applying successive ABE passes. A deformation texture characterizing with the basal plane mainly lie inclined to the deformation axis was developed. Compressive yield and maximum compressive strengths were measured to increase by applying successive extrusion passes, while the strain-to-fracture dropped. The evolution of mechanical properties was explained relying on the grain refinement effect as well as texture change. It was described that the share of different deformation mechanisms and developing of shearing regions near the grain boundaries may influence the deformation behavior of the ultrafine/nano grained AZ31 alloy.
An Efficient Algorithm for Computation of MHD Flow Ensembles
Authors: Mohebujjaman Muhammad , Rebholz Leo G.
Published: October 2016

An efficient algorithm is proposed and studied for computing flow ensembles of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
flows under uncertainties in initial or boundary data. The ensemble average of J realizations is approximated through a clever algorithm (adapted from a breakthrough idea of Jiang and Layton [23]) that,
at each time step, uses the same matrix for each of the J systems solves. Hence, preconditioners need to be built only once per time step, and the algorithm can take advantage of block linear solvers. Additionally, an Elsässer variable formulation is used, which allows for a stable decoupling of each MHD system at each time step. We prove stability and convergence of the algorithm, and test it with two numerical experiments.
A valuative criterion for uniform K-stability of ℚ-Fano varieties
Authors: Fujita Kento
Published: October 2016

We give a simple necessary and sufficient condition for uniform K-stability
of

ℚ

\mathbb{Q}

-Fano varieties.
Remark on zeros of solutions of second-order linear ordinary differential equations
Authors: Dosoudilová Monika , Lomtatidze Alexander
Published: October 2016

An efficient condition is established ensuring that on any interval of length ω,
any nontrivial solution of the equation

u
′′

=

p
⁢

(
t
)

⁢
u

${u^{\prime\prime}=p(t)u}$

has at most one zero.
Based on this result, the unique solvability of a periodic boundary value problem is studied.
Noninvasive Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease: Fractional Flow Reserved Derived from Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (FFRCT)
Authors: Rațiu Mihaela , Rat Nora , Condrea Sebastian , Stănescu Alexandra , Opincariu Diana , Mester András , Jani Laura , Benedek Imre , Benedek Theodora
Published: October 2016

Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) completed by fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment represents the main procedure that is performed in the decision process for coronary revascularization. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) is an effective method used in the noninvasive anatomic assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, CCTA tends to overestimate and does not offer hemodynamic data about the coronary lesions. Recent progresses made in the research involving computational fluid dynamics and image modeling permit the evaluation of FFRCT noninvasively, using data obtained in a standard CCTA. Studies have shown an improved precision and discrimination of FFRCT compared to CCTA for the diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis. In this review, we aimed to summarize the role of CCTA in CAD evaluation, the impact of FFRCT, the scientific basis of this novel method and its potential clinical applications.
Extensive Abdominopelvic Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor — Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Horváth Adrienne , Papp Zsuzsanna Erzsébet
Published: October 2016

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare malignant tumor, which affects mostly young males and has a poor prognosis. Since 1991, when it was first described as a distinct clinical entity by Gerald WL and Rosai J, some 200 cases were reported. DSRCT arises mainly from the abdominal and pelvic cavity, causes abdominal pain or discomfort, weight loss, urinary, bowel or bile obstruction due to compression. Metastases appear most frequently in the liver and lungs. Multimodal therapy is usually indicated with chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. DSRCT should be differentiated from other small, blue round cell tumors, especially hematopoietic malignancies (leukemia, lymphoma), neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, PNET, rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant mesothelioma, small cell carcinoma and Wilms tumors. We report the case of a patient with an extensive abdominopelvic desmoplastic small round cell tumor, with liver metastases, in an adolescent male patient, highlighting the alert deterioration of the clinical status of the patient after the biopsy, the need for a second review of the histopathological material in order to obtain a correct diagnosis, the chemoresistance of the tumor despite an apparently good clinical status, and the severe prognosis of this type of tumor.
Correlation Between Orthodontic Forces and Root Resorption – a Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Vlasa Alexandru , Eremie Lia Yero , Lazăr Luminița , Bud Anamaria , Păcurar Mariana , Bud Eugen , Biriș Carmen
Published: October 2016

Orthodontically induced external apical root resorption (OIEARR) is a major concern regarding periodontal status after nonsurgical orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to assess this sequel by a systematic review of published data. For assessment, we performed an electronic search of one database for comprehensive data, using keywords in different combinations: “root resorption”, “periodontics” and “nonsurgical orthodontic treatment”. We supplemented the results searching by hand in published journals and we cross-referenced with the accessed articles. Patients included in the results presented a good general health status, with no previous history of OIEARR and no other associated pathologies. Finally, twenty-three studies were selected and included in this review. A high prevalence (69–98%) and moderate severity of OIEARR (<5 mm and <1/3 from original root length) were reported. No difference in root resorption was found regarding the sex of the patients. A moderate positive correlation between treatment duration and root resorption was found. Also, a mild correlation regarding antero-posterior apical displacement and root resorption was found.
Detection and Quantification of Periodontopathogenic Bacteria in Subgingival Plaque Samples on Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Vlasa Alexandru , Biriș Carmen , Lazăr Luminița , Bud Anamaria , Păcurar Mariana , Bud Eugen , Eremie Lia Yero
Published: October 2016

Introduction: According to last years' research, periodontopathogens may have a negative impact on treatment options in patients with periodontal lesions. However, not all infected sites suffer periodontal destructions, which can be explained on the assumption that only a limited number of pathogens present in a sufficient amount, are capable of affecting the periodontal tissue. Thermal cycling polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a new technique used for the identification and quantification of periodontopathogenic bacteria. The aim of our study was to confirm the presence of periodontal pathogens, and to evaluate the amount of microbacterial pathogens in the periodontal pockets of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment for a more predictable result.

Material and methods: A total amount of 32 subgingival samples were collected from periodontal pockets ≥6 mm in 8 patients. Clinical examinations, periapical radiographs and periodontal screenings were performed. Only patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were included in the study. PCR and DNA hybridization-based identification were performed by paper-point sampling using a micro-IDent plus, Hain Lifescience Germany kit.

Results and Discussions: Results showed that bacterial load may be connected to disease progression. The prevalence of the periodontopathogenic bacteria Actinobacillus a. was established in 42.8% of cases, P. Gingivalis in 71.42%, P. Intermedia 57.14%, Bacteroides F. was found in 85.71% of cases, Treponema D. in 100% of cases. Extremely high bacterial loads were recorded for Actinobacillus a., Bacteroides F. and Prevotella I.
A Correlative Study of Spirometric Parameters and Markers of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Șuteu Carmen Corina , Muntean Iolanda , Blesneac Cristina , Căpîlna Brîndușa , Benedek Theodora , Togănel Rodica
Published: October 2016

Background:Alteration in lung function is present in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We aimed to study the pulmonary function indices obtained by spirometry in pediatric patients with PAH, and to correlate them with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and echocardiographic parameters.

Methods:Thirty-one children with PAH were enrolled in this study, of those 26 patients (83.87%) associated shunt defect and 5 patients (16.12%) were diagnosed with idiopathic PAH. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the pulmonary volume (FEF 25–75) were evaluated by spirometry and correlated with BNP and echocardiographic parameters that reflect right ventricle function.

Results:Restrictive pattern of pulmonary function was present in 51.6% (n = 16) of all PAH children. There were significant correlations between BNP with FVC (p = 0.001), FEV1 (p = 0.001), and FEV1/FVC (p = 0.001). Serum BNP level was significantly increased in the group of patients without shunt. Of those echocardiographic parameters that reflect right ventricle function, we found that TAPSE significantly correlated with PEFR (r = −0.47, p <0.01), and with FEF 25–75 (r = −0.39, p <0.01).

Conclusions:Deterioration of the pulmonary function indices are correlated with BNP and echocardiographic parameters, markers of RV dysfunction. Being easy and reliable tests, pulmonary functions can be introduced among the follow-up tools in children with PAH.
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Associated with Hemiazygos Vein Draining in It and Absence of Left Brachiocephalic Vein, in a Patient with Congenital Heart Defect
Authors: Opincariu Diana , Stănescu Alexandra , Corduneanu Alina , Jáni Laura , Mester András , Péter Balázs Oltean , Chițu Monica , Benedek Imre
Published: October 2016

Persistent left superior vena cava is an anomalous vein that derives from a malfunction of obliteration of the left common cardinal vein during intrauterine life. The diagnosis can be suggested by a dilated coronary sinus as seen in echocardiography, or other imagistic methods. Due to the lack of hemodynamic impairment, and consequently with few or no symptoms, this vascular anomaly is frequently discovered incidentally. In this brief report we present the case of a 35-year-old male known with a complex congenital cardiovascular malformation that included atrial septum defect, persistent left superior vena cava and anomalous right pulmonary vein drainage in the PLSVC, diagnosed with sinoatrial block that required pacemaker implantation. Due to the patient’s medical history, investigations to decide the best approach needed for pacemaker implantation were performed, including a thoracic CT that incidentally found additional anomalies — the hemiazygos vein draining in PLSVC and the lack of the left brachiocephalic vein.
Modelling the Slab Failure of an Open Structure Acted by External Blast Loads
Authors: Nica George Bogdan
Published: October 2016

The explosion of bombs near buildings generally yields severe damages to the structures. Explosion resistant standards and requirements are constantly being developed and upgraded. This paper focuses on the damages which occur toa RC slab due to blast action. The numerical model replicates a ¼ scale experiment. The analysis is conducted using a software based on the recently developed Applied Element Method. This numerical method is able to model accurately all the structural behavior stages up to failure. The results are compared to experimental data available in the literature. The analysis reveals that the slab failure due to uplift pressures may be avoided by some simple reinforcing details, as they are listed in the Romanian National Annex – accidental loads of the Eurocode EN 1991-1-7.
Dam Failure Effects on Local/Regional Critical Infrastructures
Authors: Pîrvuleţu Marius-Eugen , Drăghia Aurelian Florentin
Published: October 2016

The paper will focus on multi-hazard assessment following the failure of the Ezer dam on Jijia river. All induced risks are analyzed in terms of critical infrastructure protection, considering three possible failure scenarios.

The challenge of these scenarios is to consider the possible effects (continue effects, domino effect, cascading effects) induced by a single hazard, but which may cause one or more sequential hazards. In all three possible failure scenarios it was considered that the bottom gates are not operational, being blocked. The upper boundary condition in the model is the flood with the maximum discharge 0.1%.

This area chosen for analysis is economically underdeveloped. The protective measures are quite low and the exposure generated by accidents at the hydraulic structures or by the extreme weather conditions is quite high either for the existing economic context or for the future investments in those areas.

The implementation by the decision makers of measures for reducing the risk or the multiple risks cannot be done at regional level if all the vulnerabilities in the area are not widely known.
The Influence of Flexibility Coefficient on the Size of Internal Forces and Deformations in Circular Plates on Elastic Medium
Authors: Şandru Mirela , Butnaru Bogdan Alexandru , Furiş Dumitrel , Creţu Dan Ilie
Published: October 2016

This paper presents an analytical study which deals with the behavior of the circular plates in bending theory, considering the soil-structure interaction under Winkler's hypothesis. It was intended to illustrate the variation of internal forces and deformations according to the flexibility coefficient of plates considering three models: a fixed solid circular plate subjected to a uniformly distributed load, a fixed solid circular plate acted by a displacement applied on the exterior contour and a solid plate subjected to a temperature gradient. For this study the computation relations were written as a product between a dimensional and a non-dimensional factor, the last one indicating the variation of internal forces and deformations. For each type of action there are presented results obtained using the finite element method to illustrate the differences between this method and the analytical computation.
Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of virtual team in Nigerian construction industry
Authors: Odubiyi Tawakalitu Bisola , Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel
Published: October 2016

The rationale behind any construction project varies; it might be to achieve value, time, quality, cost or just satisfaction for the client. Irrespective of any or all of these reasons, the team members involved in conception, inception, construction and delivery of a project are aware that a good teamwork is of essence. This is in the context of growing needs of client and the ever-growing improvement in methods of project delivery as influenced by technology. This article looks into the team type in the Nigerian construction industry from the angle of a virtual team (VT) using the mixed-method research design. VT is simply a type of team wherein the members operate from different geographical regions and function majorly with the aid of information and communications technology media. Data for the study were collected from relevant literature, interviews were conducted with 20 selected professionals in the construction industry and, thereafter, a questionnaire was drafted from the results of the interviews and administered to selected relevant professionals. The study revealed that communication among team members, flexibility of operation and decision making are usually the most influencing strengths of the VT, while some of its weaknesses are a need for special training, conflict among team members and client's acceptance of team type. Reduction in time-to-market, collaboration ability of team members and delivery time of project were seen as opportunities, while recognized threats were members’ performance level and complexity of technical application. The study concludes that the success of the VT depends highly on exploiting the opportunities opened to it.
Conditions of the Implementation of Selected Early Prevention Behaviours by High School Students from Radom
Authors: Mogiła-Lisowska Jolanta , Bukowska Beata
Published: October 2016

The specific type of human activities that aim to maintain full health by maintaining biological, psychological and social comfort indicate the need to adopt a holistic perspective in any analysis of determinants of pro-health behaviour. When analysing the aetiology of somatic diseases, it is important to take into account biological and mental well-being as well as the connections between needs, interests and lifestyle decisions and their consequences. One of the measures used to reduce the risk of a progressive lack of immunity to non-infectious diseases is prevention, understood as actions aimed at preventing diseases or other adverse health phenomena by controlling their causes and risk factors. An important component of prevention programmes is preventing the occurrence of negative social behaviour patterns that contribute to the increased risk of diseases. Three basic components of a healthy lifestyle – regular physical activity, proper nutrition and sufficient rest and relaxation (stress management) – justify the importance of practising healthy habits from an early age. The role of promoting pro-health behaviours among children and adolescents is of particular importance in the context of increasingly sedentary lifestyles, obesity and weight problems.

The aim of this study is to analyse the determinants of physical activity and a balanced diet in the lifestyle of high school students in Radom aged 16-19. The study was conducted in 2013 at VII Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński High School in Radom and involved 140 students. The results of the study indicate that only one-third of respondents fulfilled the requirements for minimal physical activity for their subjective and objective needs of this phase of ontogenetic development, such as being in the company of their peers, spending time in open air and taking care of their physical fitness. Unfortunately, the majority of the parents of the surveyed high school students, who were at the time about 40 years old, did not engage in any systematic physical activity. In other words, the family environment of the studied young people did not promote patterns of physical activity. Similarly, healthy nutrition in the study group was lacking. Both the boys and girls ate around five meals a day, but many respondents snacked between meals on sweets and crisps. The majority of students drank water. The vast majority of them ate their meals at home, ensuring that their meals were freshly prepared and not pre-cooked.

Although school children prefer to spend time with their peers, the family is still a point of reference in terms of values and ways of spending free time. The authors of this paper must take into account the minimal impact of the family on choices regarding physical activity. The studied group of high school students demonstrated a lack of preventive care for their health and did not have a well-established systematic approach to physical activity and healthy eating habits.
From Boxing to Philosophy
Authors: Kosiewicz Jerzy
Published: October 2016

This article begins the cycle of portraits of the members of the Editorial Board and Editorial Advisory Board of the journal Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, who are eminent social scientists researching the issue of sport. Among them, there are many world-class professors, rectors and deans of excellent universities, founders, presidents and secretaries-general of continental and international scientific societies and editors of high-scoring journals related to social sciences focusing on sport. The journal Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research started its activities in 2008 and gathered many readers, distinguished authors and outstanding reviewers. It is worth taking a moment to present the profiles of the individual editors, thanks to whom the journal keeps getting better and better. The journal is increasingly appreciated internationally particular among the scientists from the humanist and social areas of investigations. The rapidly increasing number of its readers and its surprisingly wide reception, indicated by the number of visits and downloads in English-speaking countries, including hundreds of universities (up to 791 were interested in the content of issue 62 of our magazine), research institutes and related libraries, as well as academics, researchers and students, should be celebrated. These data are derived only from one bibliographic data base (EBSCO). It must be noted that the journal is indexed in 43 bases.

Portraits presenting the journal’s editors include, among others, their most important professional, organizational and scientific achievements. Each subsequent issue of PCSSR will include one such portrait. We shall begin with the portrait of Professor Jerzy Kosiewicz, Ph.D., who is the Editor-in-Chief of the journal.
International strategies in the face of aging population
Authors: Drop Bartłomiej , Jędrych Marian , Barańska Agnieszka , Firlej Ewelina , Janiszewska Mariola
Published: October 2016

Introduction. Population aging poses many important economic, social, and health challenges to the modern world. This applies mostly to developed countries. The phenomenon requires joint action of Member States of the European Union, the World Health Organization, the United Nations, the Council of Europe as well as some unified strategies for the actions taken by these entities.

Aim. The aim of this study was to demonstrate international strategies implemented in the face of demographic changes.

Material and methods. The authors analyzed the documents outlining strategies for both organizations and entities, as well as recommendations for international scientific consultation on strategy of the aging population.

Results. Analysis of changes happening to the oldest age groups showed the need for cooperation between countries. An overview of the strategies being taken at the moment and those that had been undertaken previously by international entities can contribute to modify the arrangements of the elderly; in order to improve the living conditions in multidimensional aspect.

Conclusions. The key to achieving the desired effect through implementing the policies of individual countries is to monitor them on a regular basis.
Attitudes of women living in Otwock County toward breast cancer risk – prophylactic activity level
Authors: Winiarska Małgorzata , Matosiuk Dariusz
Published: October 2016

According to ICD C-50 breast cancer (or disease of the nipple) is the second most frequent cause of death among women in Poland. It also ranks first among tumors. The number of cancer cases is on the rise, which is due to the fact that women are not involved in voluntary protection programs, they do not conduct breast self-examinations systematically and the fact that breast tumors are usually detected at an advanced stage. In order to improve these statistics, some anti-tumor programs, focusing on breast cancer, regular self-examination need to be implemented. It would definitely decrease the number of cancer cases and drive down the mortality indexes.

The authors of this article analyzed the health-seeking behaviors among female residents of Otwock county, paying special attention to the risk of breast cancer factors and disease prevention. This work is based on research conducted in 2014, looking at 69 women, residents of city of Otwock and Otwock area. An anonymous questionnaire designed by the authors of the study was handed out to the participants and the results were later subject to a statistical analysis.

The findings of the study suggest what follows: (i) gynecologists are not engaged enough in breast cancer prevention programs; (ii) women rarely conduct breast self-examinations, even though they know they have to do it at least once a month; (iii) women participate in preventive breast examinations relatively often; (iv) women would not be against mandatory mammography screenings; (v) the place of residence had no significant influence over one’s attitude toward prophylaxis; (vi) health education for girls should become a subject in junior high schools (gimnazjum in Polish).