bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progressive Tetraparesis in a 57-Year-Old Man With Congenital Absence of an Anterior Spinal Artery: A Case of Anterior Spinal Cord Infarction
Authors: Selvadurai Chindhuri , Silverman Andrew , Traner Christopher , Narula Reshma , Schindler Joseph
Published: May 2020

A 57-year-old man presented with sudden neck pain radiating down his arms. This pain progressed to bilateral upper and subsequently lower extremity weakness and numbness. His vitals were notable for systolic blood pressures lower than his baseline (down to 90 mm Hg). The patient’s neurological examination as well as magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical and thoracic spine localized to a lesion in the anterior spinal cord. The differential diagnosis for such an acute presentation included stroke, demyelination, intramedullary neoplasm, infection, metabolic myelopathy, and a dural arteriovenous fistula. Further imaging with angiography demonstrated that our patient lacked an anterior spinal artery. In its place, collateral flow from cervical artery branches provided sustenance to the anterior spinal cord. In the setting of hemodynamic instability, this variant anatomy likely predisposed the patient to ischemia, leading to the classic presentation of anterior cord syndrome.
Immersive simulations with extreme teams
Authors: Brown Olivia , Power Nicola , Conchie Stacey M.
Published: May 2020

Extreme teams (ETs) work in challenging, high pressured contexts, where poor performance can have severe consequences. These teams must coordinate their skill sets, align their goals, and develop shared awareness, all under stressful conditions. How best to research these teams poses unique challenges as researchers seek to provide applied recommendations while conducting rigorous research to test how teamwork models work in practice. In this article, we identify immersive simulations as one solution to this, outlining their advantages over existing methodologies and suggesting how researchers can best make use of recent advances in technology and analytical techniques when designing simulation studies. We conclude that immersive simulations are key to ensuring ecological validity and empirically reliable research with ETs.
Self(ie)-governance: Technologies of intimate surveillance in India under COVID-19
Authors: Datta Ayona
Published: May 2020

This commentary examines the role of the ‘selfie’ as central to the teleological management of the COVID-19 crisis in India. It suggests that the incorporation of the self(ie) within the technologies of quarantine apps is a simulacrum of intimate surveillance that seeks to experiment in the present in order to extend its reach into the visual governance of intimate domesticity in the future.
Bottom-up accountability and public service provision: Evidence from a field experiment in Brazil
Authors: Freire Danilo , Galdino Manoel , Mignozzetti Umberto
Published: May 2020

Does local oversight improve public service delivery? We study the effect of a mobile phone application that allows citizens to monitor school construction projects in Brazilian municipalities. The app prompts users to submit data about construction sites, sends such crowdsourced information to independent engineers, and contacts the mayors’ offices about project delays. Our results show that the app has a null impact on school construction indicators. Additionally, we find that politicians are unresponsive to individual requests. The results question the impact of bottom-up monitoring on public service performance and suggest that interventions targeted at other groups, or focused on different issues, may produce better policy outcomes.
From ER to OR: Results After Implementation of Multidisciplinary Pathway for Fragility Hip Fractures at a Level I Trauma Center
Authors: Anighoro Kenoma , Bridges Carla , Graf Alexander , Nielsen Alexander , Court Tannor , McKeon Jack , Schwab Joseph M.
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

Hip fractures are one of the most common indications for hospitalization and orthopedic intervention. Fragility hip fractures are frequently associated with multiple comorbidities and thus may benefit from a structured multidisciplinary approach for treatment. The purpose of this article was to retrospectively analyze patient outcomes after the implementation of a multidisciplinary hip fracture pathway at a level I trauma center.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective review of 263 patients over the age of 65 with fragility hip fracture was performed. Time to surgery, hospital length of stay, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), American Society of Anesthesiologists, complication rates, and other clinical outcomes were compared between patients treated in the year before and after implementation of a multidisciplinary hip fracture pathway.

Results:

Timing to OR, hospital length of stay, and complication rates did not differ between pre- and postpathway groups. The postpathway group had a greater CCI score (pre: 3.10 ± 3.11 and post: 3.80 ± 3.18). Fewer total blood products were administered in the postpathway group (pre: 1.5 ± 1.8 and post: 0.8 ± 1.5).

Discussion:

The maintenance of clinical outcomes in the postpathway cohort, while having a greater CCI, indicates the same quality of care was provided for a more medically complex patient population. With a decrease in total blood products in the postpathway group, this highlights the economic importance of perioperative optimization that can be obtained in a multidisciplinary pathway.

Conclusion:

Implementation of a multidisciplinary hip fracture pathway is an effective strategy for maintaining care standards for fragility hip fracture management, particularly in the setting of complex medical comorbidities.
Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient Preferences for First-Line Treatment: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: MacEwan Joanna P. , Gupte-Singh Komal , Zhao Lauren M. , Reckamp Karen L.
Published: May 2020

Background. There has been much innovation in the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in recent years. In particular, use of immuno-oncology (IO) therapies has been growing. Methods. Patients with NSCLC in the United States were surveyed online using a discrete choice experiment to elicit first-line (1L) treatment preferences across six treatment attributes: survival, adverse events (AEs), mechanism of action (MOA), subsequent treatment options (STOs), genetic testing treatment delay, and out-of-pocket cost (OOPC). Preferences were estimated using a latent-class model. Preference shares were estimated for IO-IO, IO-chemo, and chemo-like regimens. Results. Of the 199 patients who completed the survey, 55% were male, 76% were white, 19% had not begun or were on 1L treatment, and the median age was 43 years. Based on a latent-class model with 3 preference classes, 53.0% of patients considered survival and OOPC alone and were less likely to choose an option with a higher OOPC and lower survival, 12.7% of patients were likely to choose the more expensive option, and for 34.3% of patients, survival, AE risk, and treatment delays all significantly influenced choices. MOA and STOs did not significantly influence treatment choices in any preference class. Approximately 53%, 27%, and 20% of patients preferred IO-IO-like, IO-chemo-like, and chemo-like regimens in 1L, respectively. Respondents were younger, more likely to be Caucasian, and more likely to speak English than the general NSCLC patient population. Conclusions. OOPC, effectiveness, treatment delays, and safety influenced NSCLC patients’ 1L treatment decisions, and most patients preferred an IO-IO followed by IO-chemo-like regimen in 1L. Cancer treatment decisions are complex and patient preferences are unique; therefore, patients’ treatment objectives should be discussed in shared treatment decision making.
Analysis of Open Data and Computational Reproducibility in Registered Reports in Psychology
Authors: Obels Pepijn , Lakens Daniël , Coles Nicholas A. , Gottfried Jaroslav , Green Seth A.
Published: May 2020

Ongoing technological developments have made it easier than ever before for scientists to share their data, materials, and analysis code. Sharing data and analysis code makes it easier for other researchers to reuse or check published research. However, these benefits will emerge only if researchers can reproduce the analyses reported in published articles and if data are annotated well enough so that it is clear what all variable and value labels mean. Because most researchers are not trained in computational reproducibility, it is important to evaluate current practices to identify those that can be improved. We examined data and code sharing for Registered Reports published in the psychological literature from 2014 to 2018 and attempted to independently computationally reproduce the main results in each article. Of the 62 articles that met our inclusion criteria, 41 had data available, and 37 had analysis scripts available. Both data and code for 36 of the articles were shared. We could run the scripts for 31 analyses, and we reproduced the main results for 21 articles. Although the percentage of articles for which both data and code were shared (36 out of 62, or 58%) and the percentage of articles for which main results could be computationally reproduced (21 out of 36, or 58%) were relatively high compared with the percentages found in other studies, there is clear room for improvement. We provide practical recommendations based on our observations and cite examples of good research practices in the studies whose main results we reproduced.
Chromosome 1 abnormalities and survival of patients with multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents
Authors: Giri Smith , Huntington Scott F. , Wang Rong , Zeidan Amer M. , Podoltsev Nikolai , Gore Steven D. , Ma Xiaomei , Gross Cary P. , Davidoff Amy J. , Neparidze Natalia
Published: May 2020

Chromosome 1 abnormalities (C1As) are common genetic aberrations among patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We aimed to evaluate the significance of C1As among a contemporary cohort of patients with MM in the United States. We used electronic health records from the Flatiron Health database to select patients newly diagnosed with MM from January 2011 to March 2018 who were tested using fluorescence in situ hybridization within 90 days of diagnosis. We characterized patients as having documented C1As or other high-risk chromosomal abnormalities (HRCAs) as defined by the Revised-International Staging System (R-ISS) such as del(17p), t(14;16), and t(4;14). We used Kaplan-Meier methods to compare overall survival (OS) of patients with or without C1As and stratified log-rank tests (with the presence of HRCAs as a stratifying variable). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to compare OS, adjusting for age, sex, stage, HRCAs, and type of first-line therapy. Of 3578 eligible patients, 844 (24%) had documented C1As. Compared with patients without C1As, patients with C1As were more likely to have higher stage (R-ISS stage III; 18% vs 12%), to have HRCAs (27% vs 14%), and to receive combinations of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents (41% vs 34%). Median OS was lower for patients with C1As (46.6 vs 70.1 months; log-rank P < .001). C1As were independently associated with worse OS (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.69; P < .001), as were older age, higher R-ISS stage, HRCAs, and immunoglobulin A isotype. C1As were associated with inferior OS, independent of other HRCAs, despite greater use of novel therapies. Clinical trials testing newer therapies for high-risk MM should incorporate patients with C1As.
Adult cord blood transplant results in comparable overall survival and improved GRFS vs matched related transplant
Authors: Sharma Prashant , Purev Enkhtsetseg , Haverkos Bradley , Pollyea Daniel A. , Cherry Evan , Kamdar Manali , Mark Tomer , Forsberg Peter , Sherbenou Daniel , Hammes Andrew , Rabinovitch Rachel , Smith Clayton A. , Gutman Jonathan A.
Published: May 2020

We compared outcomes among adult matched related donor (MRD) patients undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and adult patients undergoing double unit cord blood transplantation (CBT) at our center between 2010 and 2017. A total of 190 CBT patients were compared with 123 MRD patients. Median follow-up was 896 days (range, 169-3350) among surviving CBT patients and 1262 days (range, 249-3327) among surviving MRD patients. Comparing all CBT with all MRD patients, overall survival (OS) was comparable (P = .61) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) relapse-free survival (GRFS) was significantly improved among CBT patients (P = .0056), primarily because of decreased moderate to severe chronic GVHD following CBT (P < .0001; hazard ratio [HR], 3.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.26-7.04). Among patients undergoing our most commonly used MRD and umbilical cord blood (CB) myeloablative regimens, OS was comparable (P = .136) and GRFS was significantly improved among CBT patients (P = .006). Cumulative incidence of relapse trended toward decreased in the CBT group (P = .075; HR, 1.85; CI 0.94-3.67), whereas transplant-related mortality (TRM) was comparable (P = .55; HR, 0.75; CI, 0.29-1.95). Among patients undergoing our most commonly used nonmyeloablative regimens, OS and GRFS were comparable (P = .158 and P = .697). Cumulative incidence of both relapse and TRM were comparable (P = .32; HR, 1.35; CI, 0.75-2.5 for relapse and P = .14; HR, 0.482; CI, 0.18-1.23 for TRM). Our outcomes support the efficacy of CBT and suggest that among patients able to tolerate more intensive conditioning regimens at high risk for relapse, CB may be the preferred donor source.
Parents’ experiences of accessing respite care for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at the acute and primary care interface: a systematic review
Authors: Cooke Emma , Smith Valerie , Brenner Maria
Published: May 2020

Background

Population prevalence estimates by the World Health Organisation suggest that 1 in 160 children worldwide has an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Accessing respite care services for children with an ASD can often be a daunting and exhaustive process, with parents sometimes forced to access acute hospital services as an initial point of contact for respite care or in a crisis situation. To gain an in-depth understanding of accessing respite care for children with an ASD, from the perspectives of parents, a systematic review of the evidence on parent’s experiences and views of respite care for children with an ASD at the acute and primary interface was undertaken.

Methods

Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO were systematically searched. Studies identified as relevant based on predetermined eligibility criteria were selected for inclusion. The search strategy also targeted unpublished studies and grey literature. Qualitative data and qualitative components of mixed method studies that represented the experiences of parents accessing respite care for children with an ASD were eligible for inclusion. A meta-aggregative approach was used during data synthesis.

Results

Database searching elicited 430 records of which 291 studies remained after removal of duplicates. These 291 studies were screened for title and abstract by two reviewers resulting in 31 studies to be screened at full text and assessed for eligibility. Six studies met the inclusion criteria and a further additional study also met the inclusion criteria during a manual search. As a result, 7 studies were selected for the review as set out in Fig. 1.

Conclusion

In the absence of appropriate services and defined pathways to support services such as respite care, overwhelmed parents and community providers of mental health resources may not be in a position to meet the specific needs of children with an ASD and their families which may be contributing to a direct increase in hospitalizations. This systematic review identified a number of barriers to respite care, of which the findings can be used to inform future service development and further research. Knowledge of parental experiences in caring for a child with an ASD is vital in addressing the need and type of respite care required for children with an ASD.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42018106629.
The SMA Clinical Trial Readiness Program: creation and evaluation of a program to enhance SMA trial readiness in the United States
Authors: Peterson Ilse , Cruz Rosángel , Sarr Fatou , Stanley Ann Marie , Jarecki Jill
Published: May 2020

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disease with a rapidly evolving treatment landscape. To better meet the needs of trial sponsors and the patient community in the United States (US) in this evolving context, Cure SMA established a clinical trial readiness program for new and prospective SMA clinical trial sites. Program development was informed by a review of the SMA clinical trial landscape, successful NMD trial and care networks, and factors important to effective trial conduct in SMA. The program was piloted in 2018 with a virtual site readiness evaluation, a trial readiness toolkit, and a readiness program for physical therapists and clinical evaluators. Nine US research hospitals participated in the pilot. Cure SMA evaluated the pilot program and resources through feedback surveys, which supported the program’s relevance and value. Since 2018, the program has been expanded with additional sites, new best practices toolkits, and workshops. In partnership with Cure SMA, SMA Europe is also extending programming to European countries. The program is significant as an example of a patient advocacy group working successfully with pharmaceutical companies, other patient advocacy organizations, and research hospitals to promote trial readiness, and may serve as a model for organizations in other regions and diseases.
Hagfish genome reveals parallel evolution of 7SL RNA-derived SINEs
Authors: Kojima Kenji K.
Published: May 2020

Background

Short interspersed elements (SINEs) are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic genomes. SINEs are composite transposable elements that are mobilized by non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons, also called long interspersed elements (LINEs). The 3′ part of SINEs usually originated from that of counterpart non-LTR retrotransposons. The 5′ part of SINEs mostly originated from small RNA genes. SINE1 is a group of SINEs whose 5′ part originated from 7SL RNA, and is represented by primate Alu and murine B1. Well-defined SINE1 has been found only from Euarchontoglires, a group of mammals, in contrast to the wide distribution of SINE2, which has a tRNA-derived sequence, from animals to plants to protists. Both Alu and B1 are mobilized by L1-type non-LTR retrotransposons, which are the only lineage of autonomous non-LTR retrotransposons active in these mammalian lineages.

Results

Here a new lineage of SINE1 is characterized from the seashore hagfish Eptatretus burgeri genome. This SINE1 family, designated SINE1-1_EBu, is young, and is transposed by RTE-type non-LTR retrotransposon, not L1-type. Comparison with other SINE families from hagfish indicated the birth of SINE1-1_EBu through chimera formation of a 7SL RNA-derived sequence and an older tRNA-derived SINE family. It reveals parallel evolution of SINE1 in two vertebrate lineages with different autonomous non-LTR retrotransposon partners. The comparison between two SINE1 lineages supports that the RNA secondary structure of the Alu domain of 7SL RNA is required for the efficient retrotransposition.

Conclusions

The hagfish SINE1 is the first evident SINE1 family found outside of Euarchontoglires. Independent evolution of SINE1 with similar RNA secondary structure originated in 7SL RNA indicates the functional importance of 7SL RNA-derived sequence in the proliferation of SINEs.
Successful respiratory management of a Marshall-Smith syndrome patient with a tracheo-innominate artery fistula
Authors: Noguchi Satoko , Saito Junichi , Kawaguchi Jun , Kushikata Tetsuya , Hirota Kazuyoshi
Published: May 2020

Background

Tracheo-innominate artery fistula (TIF) is a life-threatening complication of tracheostomy. We describe perioperative management for innominate artery transection in a case with TIF.

Case presentation

A 4-year-old Japanese female with Marshal-Smith syndrome presented for management of TIF. She underwent tracheostomy at the age of 3 months and an uncuffed tracheostomy tube was inserted. One month before admission to our hospital, intermittent tracheal bleeding, suggesting TIF, occurred. Although we considered to change to a cuffed endotracheal tube, craniofacial abnormality suggested difficult oral intubation, and there was a possibility of rebleeding. Finally, innominate artery transection was performed under total intravenous anesthesia without changing the tracheostomy tube. Surgery completed uneventfully and she received mechanical ventilation under sedation for a day, followed by weaning without complications.

Conclusions

A cuffed tracheostomy tube should have been inserted before surgery for effective hemostasis against sudden bleeding from TIF even though conversion to oral intubation was difficult.
MicroRNA expression profiling in PBMCs of Indian water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) infected with Brucella and Johne’s disease
Authors: Singh Jasdeep , Dhanoa Jasdeep Kaur , Choudhary Ratan K , Singh Amarjit , Sethi Ram Saran , Kaur Simarjeet , Mukhopadhyay Chandra Sekhar
Published: May 2020

Background

MicroRNAs play key roles in host-pathogen-interactions and disease pathogenesis. Our aim was to characterize the differentially expressed miRNAs in the blood cells of diseased (Brucellosis-positive, Johne’s disease-positive) and healthy- water buffaloes. The pooled small-RNA samples of each group were sequenced on Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) sequencer and the data were analyzed for differential expression.

Results

Here we identified 274 known miRNAs with bovine homologs and 36 novel mature-star miRNAs from the sequnces of small RNA libraries. Overall 195 miRNAs were common to all the three groups. Certain miRNAs such as bta-miR-21-5p, −26a, −29a/b, −30d − 103, − 140, − 150, − 191, − 374, − 1434-5p,-1260b, − 2484 and let-7 members were abundantly expressed in diseased groups. Bta-miR-1434-5p, − 188, −200c were up-regulated (> 1.5 folds) while bta-miR-27a-5p, −34b and -2285x were down-regulated (> 100 folds) in Brucellosis group. In Johne’s Disease group, only 3 miRNAs (bta-miR-1434-5p, − 2340 and − 2484) were up-regulated (> 1.5 folds). The functional classification of miRNA target genes into gene ontology (GO) terms indicated their involvement in innate immunity and cellular process of disease pathogenesis. Expression profile of four differentially expressed miRNAs (bta-miR-9-5p, − 677, − 331-3p and − 2440) and eight predicted target-genes were validated through reverse transcriptase qPCR.

Conclusion

This study provides a valuable frame of reference for elucidation of regulatory roles of miRNAs associated with disease pathogenesis in water buffaloes as well as identification of miRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis and treatment.
A Computational Study on the Intramolecular C4-C8′ Interflavan Bond Formations of Tethered Catechin Derivatives
Authors: Fukaya Keisuke , Saito Akiko , Nakajima Noriyuki , Urabe Daisuke
Published: May 2020

The procyanidin B series is a family of dimeric flavonoids composed of catechin(s) and/or epicatechin(s) with a C4-C8′ interflavan bond. We previously reported four TMSOTf-promoted couplings for C4-C8′ interflavan bond formations by using tethered catechin(s) and/or epicatechin(s). Although one of the reactions did not provide the coupling product, the other three reactions proceeded stereoselectively at the C4-position to provide stereochemically diversified products at C3 and C3′ positions toward the procyanidin B series. Here we report computer-assisted models of transition states for the C-C bond formations to explore origins of the stereoselectivity. A systematic search of the transition states using truncated compounds provided TS-Ad, TS-Ba or TS-Cd as the most energetically favorable transition state in each of the three reactions to reproduce the C4-stereoselectivity of the experiments. Exploration of origins of the stabilized energies of TS-Ad, TS-Ba, and TS-Cd by NCIPLOT demonstrated the importance of attractive non-covalent interactions.
The diagnostic and predictive accuracy of the PRISMA-7 screening tool for frailty in older adults: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Higginbotham Owen , O'Neill Aoife , Barry Louise , Leahy Aoife , Robinson Katie , O'Connor Margaret , Galvin Rose
Published: May 2020

Background: Older adults are at risk of adverse outcomes due to frailty. A number of frailty screening instruments have been developed to identify older adults at increased risk of frailty. This systematic review and meta-analysis will look to examine the diagnostic accuracy of the Program of Research to Integrate the Services for the Maintenance of Autonomy 7 (PRISMA-7).

Methods and analysis: A systematic literature search will be conducted from 2008-February 2020 in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, EBSCO and the Cochrane Library to identify validation studies of the PRISMA-7 tool.  A pre-specified PRISMA-7 score of ≥3 (maximum score 7 points) will be used to identify frailty in older adults. Prospective or retrospective cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and the control arm of randomised controlled trials will be included that attempt to validate the diagnostic accuracy of the PRISMA-7 screening tool in older adults across all healthcare settings when compared to a reference standard. The predictive accuracy of the PRISMA-7 tool will also be explored. Study quality will be assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. A bivariate random effects model will be used to generate pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity. Statistical heterogeneity will be explored using validated methods.

Ethics and dissemination: Formal ethical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentation and the popular press.

Protocol registration: Awaiting registration with the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).
Managing Shutdown Decisions in Merchant Commodity and Energy Production: A Social Commerce Perspective
Authors: Trivella Alessio , Nadarajah Selvaprabu , Fleten Stein-Erik , Mazieres Denis , Pisinger David
Published: May 2020

Problem definition: Merchant commodity and energy production assets operate in markets with volatile prices and exchange rates. Plant closures adversely affect societal entities beyond the specific plant being shut down, such as the parent company and the local community. Motivated by an aluminum producer, we study if mitigating these hard-to-assess broader impacts of a shutdown is financially viable using the plant’s operating flexibility. Academic/practical relevance: Our social commerce perspective toward managing shutdown decisions deviates from the commonly used asset value maximization objective in merchant operations. Identifying operating policies that delay or decrease the likelihood of a shutdown without incurring a significant asset value loss supports socially responsible plant shutdown decisions. Methodology: We formulate a constrained Markov decision process to manage shutdown decisions and limit the probability of future plant closures. We provide theoretical support for approximating this intractable model using unconstrained stochastic dynamic programs with modified shutdown costs and explore two classes of operating policies. Our first policy leverages anticipated regret theory, and the second policy generalizes, using machine learning, production-margin heuristics used in practice. We compute the former and latter policies using a least squares Monte Carlo method and combining this method with binary classification, respectively. Results: Anticipated-regret policies possess desirable asymptotic properties absent in classification-based policies. On instances created using real data, anticipated-regret and classification-based policies outperform practice-based production-margin strategies. Significant reductions in shutdown probability and delays in plant closures are possible while incurring small asset value losses. Managerial implications: A plant’s operating flexibility provides an effective lever to balance the social objective to reduce closures and the financial goal to maximize asset value. Adhering to both objectives requires combining short-term commitments with external stakeholders to avoid shutdown with longer-term internal efforts to reduce the probability of plant closures.
Editorial
Authors: Quadros Laura Cristina de Toledo , Prestrelo Eleonôra Torres , Cavanellas Luciana Bicalho , Soares Luciana Loyola Madeira
Published: May 2020

Laura Cristina de Toledo Quadros, Eleonôra Torres Prestrelo, Luciana Bicalho Cavanellas, Luciana Loyola Madeira Soares
Gestalt-terapia e Empoderamento Feminino na Relação Terapêutica: Reverberações a partir do Atendimento Psicoterápico entre Mulheres
Authors: Luczinski Giovana Fagundes , Vianna Keyth , Garcia Renata Parente , Nunes Vanessa Hime , Tsallis Alexandra
Published: May 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo compartilhar possíveis reverberações da relação terapêutica, dentro da abordagem gestáltica, no processo de empoderamento feminino em psicoterapia. Partindo da ênfase relacional dada pela proposta teórica da Gestalt-terapia, este texto surge das vivências das autoras em seus consultórios de psicologia, refletindo sobre os desdobramentos dos encontros. Neste contexto, uma escuta atenta revela que os reflexos da cultura patriarcal são notórios nas demandas trazidas pelas mulheres que chegam ao setting terapêutico. Desde as insatisfações com o próprio corpo às dúvidas sobre escolha profissional; das relações conjugais às experiências (ou não) de maternidade, entre outras questões, observamos as exigências de uma sociedade machista ecoando sobre corpos femininos que, muitas vezes, incapazes de dar conta do "você deveria/não deveria", adoecem. Na contramão dos "deverias", a Gestalt-terapia nos instrumentaliza, através da relação terapêutica, a buscar, com cada mulher, seu modo próprio de existir-no-mundo, reconhecendo suas necessidades e construindo formas de atendê-las. Com isso, testemunhamos movimentos singulares de empoderamento feminino, os quais podem reverberar coletivamente nos contextos em que essas mulheres se posicionam e tecem novos encontros.
O Uso Cuidadoso das Redes Sociais Virtuais
Authors: Pimentel Adelma
Published: May 2020

As redes sociais virtuais permitem a um indivíduo compartilhar conexões com outros usuários e estabelecer laços sociais fortes e fracos. Neste cenário, se dá seu uso abusivo sob a influência das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação. O objetivo do texto é refletir sobre o uso das redes sociais virtuais, o desconhecimento do outro; e conexões gestálticas para o seu uso cuidadoso. O método foi análise teórica e crítica de textos, examinando a busca pela afirmação da diversidade e da diferença em contextos da desterritorialização, das biotecnologias, da pós-verdade, da reduzida empatia, da fragilidade psíquica que repercute na subjetivação das pessoas, provocando sofrimento psíquico. Ponderamos que, cuidar é imperioso, envolve estratégias preventivas e interventivas em torno de pessoas e instituições para o enfrentamento das iniquidades físicas e psicológicas, as quais estamos expostos. É um fio condutor da saúde. Assinalamos que os Gestalt-terapeutas convergem com o pensamento heideggeriano que postula o cuidado como essência da existência humana. Cuidar é o contraponto do adoecimento que se realiza como espetáculo regulador das relações sociais mediadas pelo uso da internet. É também tolerância, profundo respeito pelo outro, é solidariedade entre todos os homens e todas as mulheres, justiça, democracia e respeito aos direitos humanos.
Articulações entre o Pensamento de Leibniz e Robine: A Gestalt-terapia Inspirada através da Dobra
Authors: Rodrigues Hugo Elidio
Published: May 2020

Este artigo visa aprofundar o conceito de "dobra", mencionado pelo livro "O Self Desdobrado", de Jean-Marie Robine, articulando este conceito às contribuições de Deleuze, através de sua obra intitulada "A Dobra - Leibniz e o Barroco". Para realizar tal articulação, será realizada uma contextualização histórica em relação às críticas leibnizianas ao pensamento cartesiano. Tomando a noção de dobra, segundo a interpretação de Deleuze sobre o trabalho leibniziano, como uma nova fundamentação paradigmática, serão apresentadas algumas possibilidades de utilização na prática clínica da abordagem gestáltica. Serão trazidas novas contribuições de Jean-Marie Robine ao conceito de Self da Gestalt-terapia. Concluindo o artigo, serão apresentadas argumentações tecendo uma plausível analogia entre o pensamento cartesiano tomado como fundamento, e algumas tendências contemporâneas da política brasileira. Reconhecendo como a base de pensamento a partir de um plano cartesiano, pode sugerir uma forma simplificada e reducionista de encarar temas complexos, sistemáticos, e como tal tendência de pensamento é encontrada presentemente em discursos de líderes políticos brasileiros.
Editorial
Authors: Mattos Amana , Jacó-Vilela Ana Maria , Mendes Deise Maria Fernandes , Ribeiro Heloisa Fernandes Caldas , Hernández Jimena De Garay , Quadros Laura Cristina de Toledo , Quitério Patrícia Lorena , Leme Vanessa Barbosa Romera , Darriba Vinicius Anciães
Published: May 2020

Amana Mattos, Ana Maria Jacó Vilela, Deise Maria Fernandes Mendes, Heloisa Fernandes Caldas Ribeiro, Jimena de Garay Hernández, Laura Cristina de Toledo Quadros, Patrícia Lorena Quitério, Vanessa Barbosa Romera Leme, Vinicius Anciães Darriba
Habilidades Sociais e Expectativas Acadêmicas em Estudantes de Enfermagem
Authors: Nogueira Cátia Cristina de Carvalho , Soares Adriana Benevides , Monteiro Marcia , Medeiros Humberto Cláudio Passeri
Published: May 2020

O estudo avaliou o repertório de habilidades sociais e de expectativas acadêmicas de estudantes de enfermagem e comparou com alunos de outros cursos da área da saúde do primeiro e do último ano. Participaram da pesquisa 200 alunos de instituições particulares, iniciantes e concluintes de enfermagem e de outras áreas da saúde, sendo 78,5% (N=135) do sexo feminino e 32,5% (N=65), pertencentes à classe social B2. Foram utilizados como instrumentos o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais e o Questionário de Envolvimento Acadêmico nas Versões A e B. Os concluintes de enfermagem apresentaram melhores escores em habilidades sociais do que as outras amostras de estudantes, melhor comportamento efetivo no Envolvimento Institucional e melhor utilização da infraestrutura disponível na universidade para a realização de atividades acadêmicas. O estudo contribui com evidências sobre a relevância do desenvolvimento das habilidades sociais para a atuação profissional do enfermeiro na assistência à saúde.
Percepções Maternas Sobre o Tornar-se Avó no Contexto da Gravidez na Adolescência
Authors: Deus Meiridiane Domingues de , Dias Ana Cristina Garcia
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer as percepções de 12 mulheres na faixa etária dos 29 aos 55 anos sobre o processo de tornar-se avó no contexto da gravidez adolescente. As informações foram coletadas em quatro Unidades Básicas de um município do Interior do Rio Grande do Sul por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. As análises das informações basearam-se no modelo teórico da Grounded Theory. Os resultados evidenciaram que o momento de tornar-se avó foi permeado por sentimentos e pensamentos negativos e positivos. As participantes não imaginavam que seriam avó neste momento de suas vidas. Para elas, ser avó é ser uma segunda mãe da criança. Ressalta-se a necessidade de maior atenção aos familiares envolvidos no contexto da gravidez adolescente, o que pode contribuir para entendimento da dinâmica familiar dos adolescentes, aspecto importante no planejamento, controle e execução de programas e intervenções de prevenção à gravidez na adolescência e estímulo da participação dos pais nas ações e orientações relativas a conversar sobre sexualidade nesta fase da vida. Sugere-se a realização de estudos com a percepção das avós maternas e paternas, bem como os avôs maternos e paternos no contexto da gravidez adolescente.
Proposição de um Modelo Matemático para Reduzir Custos no Processo de Psicodiagnóstico
Authors: Martinez Maria Regina
Published: May 2020

O psicodiagnóstico, a partir da aplicação de testes psicológicos validados cientificamente, sustenta o exame clínico convencional. Esses testes apresentam variações relacionadas à validade, amostras de estudo, evidências teóricas e empíricas que fundamentam sua pertinência, qualidade do material disponível, tempo necessário para sua aplicação e custos relacionados à aquisição do material de testagem e aos honorários profissionais necessários para concluir o processo de diagnóstico. Propõe-se, com um modelo matemático, um processo racional de psicodiagnóstico. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo-exploratório, baseado em dados de custo e tempo para aplicação de testes de inteligência. O modelo matemático criado permitiu a elaboração de um protocolo de psicodiagnóstico de deficiência intelectual para aplicação em crianças e adultos considerando-se o melhor custo e efetividade.
O Mapa de Ausências e Apagamentos em A Rua dos Crocodilos, de Bruno Schulz
Authors: Santos Camila Backes dos , Moschen Simone Zanon
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho procura colocar em destaque, por meio da narrativa do escritor polonês Bruno Schulz, um operador possível para o enlace entre psicanálise e literatura: o texto (o romance literário ou uma vida narrada em análise) como resultante da impossibilidade de representar o real. A leitura de Schulz, guiada pela bússola da teoria psicanalítica de Freud e Lacan, permite com que se acentue o que chamamos de "mapa de ausências e apagamentos", elemento presente e transversalizador na compilação dos quinze contos que integram A rua dos Crocodilos. Esse mapa traça as linhas de um território no qual é possível realçar as reverberações do conceito de estranho de Freud e, com ele, refletir sobre os efeitos de leitura produzidos pela obra do escritor polonês.
O ESCÂNDALO POLÍTICO DO “PETROLÃO” E A INTERSEÇÃO ENTRE CAMPOS SOCIAIS: ANÁLISE DISCURSIVO-TEXTUAL DE CADEIAS DE GÊNERO EM NOTÍCIAS
Authors: Peixoto Maria Eduarda Gonçalves
Published: May 2020

Tendo como horizonte teórico-metodológico a Análise de Discurso Crítica, particularmente quanto à vertente dialético-relacional, com base em Fairclough (1985, 1989, 2000, 2001a, 2001b, 2003) e Chouliaraki e Fairclough (1999), faz-se uma análise discursivo-textual de notícias online sobre o escândalo político do “Petrolão” publicadas pelas revistas semanais Veja e Carta Capital, entre 2014 e 2016, com foco sobre as cadeias de gênero (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001, 2003). O objetivo é descrever como as instâncias discursivas de mídia corporativa e alternativa encadeiam gêneros de distintas esferas sociais no processo de significação do evento. A investigação revela a relação sistemática entre gêneros e práticas de domínios institucionais e a configuração constituinte do escândalo na interseção constituinte entre os campos sociais da política, do judiciário e da mídia.
O SIGNO JUSTIÇA: arena de (d)e(s)ncontro de sentidos
Authors: Nascimento Ilderlândio Assis de Andrade , Oliveira Antonio Flávio Ferreira
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho, analisamos rediscursivizações do símbolo da justiça em charges que circulam na internet e que foram produzidas entre os anos de 2017 e 2019, tendo em vista o cenário de críticas à justiça brasileira, mais precisamente, as críticas tecidas contra alguns eventos ocorridos na esfera jurídica. Para isso, dialogamos com a perspectiva enunciativa do Círculo de Bakhtin, especialmente Bakhtin (2011) e Volóchinov (2017). Assumimos que o símbolo da justiça se constitui signo ideológico, pois é arena de encontro e desencontro de sentidos. As charges analisadas mostram como os autores trabalham a ressignificação dos sentidos de justiça, materializando pontos de vista, posições valorativas diante do atual cenário jurídico-político brasileiro. Por outro lado, os enunciados também desvelam outros discursos, mais precisamente, quanto à figura feminina. Assim, constatamos que as críticas tecidas à justiça utilizavam a figura feminina de forma sensualizada, como garota de programa, como mulher que vende o corpo, como safada. O corpo feminino aparece sempre como objeto à venda e que tem na figura masculina um possuidor, um dono. Desse modo, é possível perceber como o discurso machista atravessa as charges, mesmo que de forma inconsciente, revelando o quanto esse problema se encontra nas estruturas sociais e que afloram em discursos como os analisados.
UMA CANETA, MANCHETES E (DES) MANIPULAÇÃO: PALAVRAS COMO OBJETO DE DISPUTA
Authors: Kist Eliane , Cattelan João Carlos
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir, a partir da noção de Formação Discursiva em Michel Pêcheux, o modo como essa noção funciona no processo discursivo de duas manchetes, uma do Portal G1 de Notícias e outra do jornal O Estado de São Paulo, reescritas pelo viés da página do Facebook Caneta Desmanipuladora. Buscamos discutir, sobretudo, acerca do funcionamento da ideologia na linguagem, para evidenciar sua regulação no processo de produção dos efeitos discursivos. Em virtude disso, optamos por autores da Análise do Discurso como Pêcheux (2014), Gregolim (2005), Eni Orlandi (1988, 2013), Sírio Possenti (2016), entre outros.
EVALUASI TIMBULNYA GENANGAN PADA CATCHMENT AREA SISTEM PEMATUSAN GREGES YANG DILAYANI RUMAH POMPA GREGES DI RAYON GENTENG SURABAYA
Authors: Putranto Januar Catur
Published: May 2020

Sistem Pematusan Kota Surabaya di Rayon Genteng yaitu sistem pematusan Greges dengan luas 1520 ha dilayani oleh Rumah Pompa Greges terdapat saluran primer yaitu saluran Greges. Sebagai salah satu saluran primer di Rayon Genteng, saluran Greges merupakan muara dari 17 saluran sekunder. Rumah pompa di Rayon Genteng, khususnya sistem pematusan Greges selain rumah pompa Greges yang melayani saluran Greges, terdapat 4 rumah pompa yaitu Gadukan, Morokrembangan, Dupak Bandarejo, dan Asem Jaya. Variabel penelitian di sistem pematusan Greges yaitu kapasitas pompa di rumah pompa Greges, Gadukan, Morokrembangan, Dupak Bandarejo, dan Asem Jaya, debit aliran ke saluran primer yaitu saluran Greges, dan debit aliran ke saluran sekunder. Metode yang digunakan yaitu perhitungan hidrologi dan hidrolika, perbandingan terhadap kapasitas pompa saat ini dan awal, analisa Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) pengoperasian rumah pompa Greges, Gadukan, Morokrembangan, Dupak Bandarejo, Asem Jaya, dan perhitungan biaya rencana tindak lanjut. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan di Rayon Genteng khususnya sistem pematusan Greges dengan saluran saluran Greges sebagai muara didapatkan 5 saluran sekunder yaitu Tembok Gede, Semarang, Margo Rukun, Demak Timur, dan Dupak tidak mampu melayani karena adanya sedimen. Faktor lainnya juga tidak adanya Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) pengoperasian pompa Greges, Gadukan, Morokrembangan, Dupak Bandarejo, dan Asem Jaya. secara tertulis menyebabkan genangan seluas 5,71 ha dengan waktu 240 menit dan tinggi 40 centimeter tanggal 16 April 2016 yang merupakan salah satu genangan terbesar Rayon Genteng yang terjadi di sistem pematusan Greges. Pengerukan sedimen dipilih sebagai rencana tindak lanjut, didapatkan biaya pengerukan dengan volume sedimen 10.697 m3 sebesar Rp. 148.076.680,00.
OPTIMASI PEMBUATAN FURFURAL DARI TEMPURUNG KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana) MELALUI HIDROLISIS ASAM
Authors: Tuas Maria Angelina
Published: May 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan furfural dari tempurung kemiri melalui hidrolisis asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk optimasi pembuatan furfural melalui hidrolisis pentosan tempurung kemiri. Tahap penelitian meliputi preparasi sampel, pembuatan furfural dengan metode refluks disertai variasi katalis dan waktu pemanasan, pembuatan furfural metode destilasi dan analisis spektroskopi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemurnian furfural yang diperoleh sebesar 99,88% pada kondisi optimum 30% asam sulfat dan direfluks selama 5 jam.
EVALUASI KINERJA SISTEM RBC DI IPAL LAMBUNG MANGKURAT: PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU TINGGAL TERHADAP EFISIENSI PENURUNAN KADAR BOD
Authors: Putri Lia Kurnia
Published: May 2020

Saat ini, pengelolaan terhadap sanitasi khususnya air limbah domestik menjadi kebutuhan yang sangatcrusial. IPAL Lambung Mangkurat menerapkan teknologi Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) sebagaipengolahan air limbahnya. RBC merupakan salah satu pengolahan sekunder yang memanfaatkanmikroorganisme untuk menguraikan bahan organik yang terdapat di dalam air limbah. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap kinerja RBC di IPAL Lambung Mangkurat dan pengaturanvariasi waktu tinggal untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi pengolahan RBC dalam menurunkankadar BOD. Evaluasi terhadap kinerja RBC tersebut dilakukan dengan mengukur kondisi sebelum dansesudah perlakuan. Perlakuan variasi waktu tinggal dilakukan dengan cara mengatur pompa pengontrol padabak RSPS dengan valve pada pipa inlet bak pengendap pertama. Nilai tipikal waktu tinggal diambil dari nilaiyang paling kecil (0,7 jam), nilai tengah (1,1 jam) dan nilai paling besar (1,5 jam). Hasil dari penelitian ini,pada kondisi eksisting debit air limbah yang diolah di RBC berkisar 530,713 m3/hari - 615,385 m3/haridengan waktu tinggal antara 0,7-4 jam yang tergantung dari waktu pompa. Adanya perlakuan variasi waktutinggal memberikan pengaruh terhadap efisiensi penurunan kadar BOD. Waktu tinggal yang menurunkankadar BOD paling besar yaitu 1,5 jam.
Fitoremediasi Tanah Tercemar Pelumas Bekas Menggunakan Akar Wangi (Vetiveria zizanioides)
Authors: Winata Alif Yoga
Published: May 2020

Polusi lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas industri dan kendaraan telah meningkat pesat. Banyak bengkel-bengkel yang tidak tahu bagaimana cara mengelola sampah mereka. Untuk menyingkirkan masalah mereka, pelumas yang sudah terpakai langsung dibuang di tanah atau daerah perairan. Pengelolaan limbah berbahaya yang buruk dari pelumas yang dihasilkan berdampak pada tercecernya pelumas bekas yang tersebar di tanah dalam jumlah besar. Pelumas bekas mengandung kompleks campuran hidrokarbon yang mempengaruhi tanaman secara merugikan dengan menciptakan kondisi yang membuat nutrisi penting seperti nitrogen dan oksigen yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan tanaman tidak tersedia bagi mereka dan menyebabkan masalah parah pada ekosistem tanah dan rhizosfer. Efek zat beracun pada organisme, populasi dan komunitas berkisar dari sedang sampai mematikan. Fitoremediasi tanah yang terkontaminasi menawarkan pendekatan ramah lingkungan dan hemat biaya untuk membersihkan polutan beracun di lingkungan.

 

Tidak seperti teknologi remediasi lainnya, fitoremediasi tidak invasif dan pada prinsipnya mempertahankan proses biologis tanah tetap aktif. Metode ini menggunakan tanaman untuk detoksifikasi, pemulihan dan pemurnian media lingkungan. Kisaran aplikasi fitoremediasi cukup luas mulai dari logam berat hingga polutan organik seperti hidrokarbon minyak bumi. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk memiliki efek positif dan terukur pada kadar klorofil. Pupuk spesifik dapat merangsang pengalihan unsur tertentu, termasuk logam berat, agar lebih tersedia bagi bentuk tanaman dan meningkatkan akumulasi logam di tanaman.

 

Akar wangi dapat bertahan pada rentang suhu antara -14 dan 55 ° C dan bertahan dalam kondisi ekstrim. Akar wangi dapat tumbuh di berbagai tingkat nutrisi dan faktor abiotik yang tidak mencukupi. Telah ditunjukkan bahwa kadar air merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam hal pertumbuhan. Dengan tekanan kadar air yang berbeda, hal itu dapat menghasilkan hasil degradasi yang berbeda. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan degradasi pelumas bekas pada konsentrasi 4% oleh akar wangi pada tiap variabel A1 = 19,65%, A2 = 17,78%, A3 = 16,45%, B1 = 21,68%, B2 = 19,37%, B3 = 20,04% dengan kondisi optimal pada penambahan pupuk sebesar 80 gram dan frekuensi penyiraman 1 kali sehari.