bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Determinants of Consumer Use of In-kind Benefits of Private Health Insurance: Focus on Housekeeper Services for Patients with Surgery, Cancer, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors:   The Korean Data Analysis Society, Lee Chan Hee
Published: October 2022

This study empirically analyzed the determinants of the use of housekeepers for those with experience in surgery, cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Research data collected through an online survey targeting 756 people, specifically, 250 surgery patients (N=250), 280 cancer patients(N=280), and 226 cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients(N=226). As a result of the analysis, the reason for surgery is the biggest influencing factor in the use of housekeepers for surgery patients. In the case of surgery due to an injury, the likelihood of using a housekeeper was 2.832 times higher than when the cause of the operation was a disease. Cancer metastasis is the most influential factor in the use of housekeepers for cancer patients. Those with metastases were found to be 3.052 times more likely to use a housekeeper than those without metastases. The type of treatment is the biggest influencing factor on the use of housekeepers in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients. When the number of treated types increased by 1, the likelihood of using a housekeeper was 2.043 times higher. The results of this study can be usefully used in the marketing or product development of in-kind benefit products. It is thought that private insurance will contribute to strengthening the social safety net by activating the housekeeper service.
Hatay ilinde yetişen Cucurbitaceae familyasına ait kültür bitkilerinde bazı virüslerin DAS-ELISA ve RT-PCR yöntemleriyle saptanması ve moleküler karakterizasyonu
Authors: Üstünkaya Güneş Hülya , Gazel Mona , Çağlayan Kadriye
Published: October 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen hıyar, kabak ve kavun bitkilerinde cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) ve beet pseudo-yellows virus (BPYV)’lerinin Double Antibody Sandwich-Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) ve Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) yöntemleriyle belirlenmesi, elde edilen virüs izolatlarının filogenetik ilişkilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem ve Bulgular: Hatay ilinden simptomlu ve simptomsuz 90 adet hıyar, kabak ve kavun örneği toplanmıştır. CCYV’nin varlığını araştırmak için DAS-ELISA ve RT-PCR yöntemleri, CYSDV ve BPYV’lerinin varlığını araştırmak için ise RT-PCR yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Gözlenen en yaygın simptomlar yapraklarda küçülme, deformasyon, yaprak kırışıklıkları, kıvrılmalar ve damar açılmalarıdır. DAS-ELISA testi sonuçlarına göre testlenen örneklerde CCYC bulunamamıştır. RT-PCR analizleri sonucunda testlenen örneklerde BPYV ve CCYV bulunamamış ancak CYSDV’nin heat shock protein 70h (HSP70h) genini çoğaltan 364 bp büyüklüğünde PCR amplikonları 11 örnekte (9 kabak, 2 kavun) elde edilmiştir. Bu ürünlerden 10 tanesinin doğrudan iki yönlü sekans analizi sonucunda, elde edilen nükleotit dizilerinin gen bankasında kayıtlı CYSDV izolatları ile yüksek oranda (%99) benzerlik gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile CYSDV ilk defa Hatay ilinde kabak ve kavun bitkilerinde rapor edilmiştir. Genel Yorum: Hatay ili kabak ve kavun alanlarından toplanan örneklerde CYSDV ilk kez tespit edilmiştir. Testlenen örneklerinin hiçbirinde BPYV ve CCYV belirlenememiştir. Testlenen örneklerin %12.22 oranında CYSDV ile enfekteli bulunması, sağlıklı bitki materyallerinin kullanılmasının önemini göstermektedir. Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Hatay ilinde ilk kez bu çalışma ile kabak ve kavun bitkilerinde CYSDV’ünün varlığı, RT-PCR analizleri ile kanıtlanmıştır.
Yüksek rakımda yetiştirilen kayısı ağaçlarında bazı yaprak uygulamalarının meyve dökümlerinin azaltılması ve bazı meyve özellikleri üzerine etkileri
Authors: Karlıdağ Hüseyin , Karaat Fırat Ege , Kutsal İbrahim Kutalmış , Eşitken Ahmet , Kan Tuncay , Atay Salih
Published: October 2022

Amaç: Son yıllarda yüksek rakımda yetiştirilen kayısı ağaçlarında ilkbahar aylarında meydana gelen meyve dökümleri ve kalite kayıpları bu alanlarda yapılan kayısı yetiştiriciliğinde önemli bir sorun oluşturmaktadır. Bu soruna yönelik olarak bu çalışma 2018 yılında Malatya ili Hekimhan ilçesinde yürütülmüştür.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışma 1432 m yükseltide sulanarak yetiştirilen Hacıhaliloğlu ve Kabaaşı çeşitlerinin yer aldığı bahçe ile bu bahçenin yaklaşık 2000 m uzağında, sulanmadan yetiştirilen Kabaaşı çeşidiyle tesis edilmiş ve yükseltisi 1321 m olan iki kayısı bahçesinde 8-10 yaşındaki kayısı ağaçları üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada farklı organik preparatlar suda çözünür bor ile karıştırılarak küçük meyve döneminde (meyveler 8-10 mm olduğu dönemde) kontrol uygulaması ile birlikte yapraktan uygulanmıştır. Yapılan uygulamaların etkileri; meyve döküm oranı, verim, meyve ağırlığı ve Suda Çözünür Kuru Madde (SÇKM) ölçülerek değerlendirilmiştir.Genel Yorum: Çalışma sonucunda, yapılan uygulamalarla meyve dökümlerinin azaltılabileceği ve verimin artırılabileceği görülmüş, özellikle susuz bahçede meyve kalite özellikleri olumlu yönde etkilenmiştir. Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Yüksek rakımlarda yetiştirilen kayısılarda önemli bir sorun olan meyve dökümünün çeşitli organik preparatlar kullanılarak azaltılabilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Determination of weed species, density, frequency and coverage areas in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) fields located in Kahramanmaras and Adana provinces
Authors: Üstüner Tamer
Published: October 2022

Aims: This study was carried out to determine the weed species, density, frequency and general coverage area in sugar beet fields located at several districts in Kahramanmaras and Adana provinces. At the same time, it is aimed to determine the changes occurred in sugar factory production areas and weed species and density 20 years after 2000-2001. Methods and Results: In order to calculate the weed density seen in the study areas, 40 frames per 1 ha were used. The species, density, frequency of incidence and general coverage areas of weeds were calculated. Weed species; Sinapis arvensis L., Chenopodium album L., Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link., Cuscuta campestris Yunck., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Elymus repens (L.) Gould., Convolvulus arvensis L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. and Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. were detected very intensely in sugar beet fields. The frequency of incidence and general coverage area of important weed species was calculated between 64.9-50.1 % and 62.8-50.0 %.Conclusions: A total of 88 weed species belonging to 26 families were determined in the sugar beet fields in the districts of Kahramanmaraş and Adana. From these weed species, 1 species belongs to holoparasite and pteridophyta, 18 species belong to monocotyledons and 68 species belong to dicotyledon class. According to the results of the research carried out 20 years ago in Kahramanmaras sugar beet fields, significant increases were observed both in the number of species and in the number of species that are very dense.Significance and Impact of the Study: Weed species and densities, detected in sugar beet fields in Kahramanmaraş and Adana provinces, vary according to district. Holoparasite C. campestris and some weed species with rhizome and stolon stems are a major threat to sugar beet in terms of density.
Effects of restricted irrigation on root morphological properties of wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Candar Serkan , Demirkapı Ecem Kübra , Ekiz Mümtaz , Alço Tezcan , Korkutal İlknur , Bahar Elman
Published: October 2022

Aims: This study sought to determine the effects of the application of water restrictions on the morphological characteristics of the roots of wine grape varieties grown in the Thrace region.Methods and Results: The experiment was conducted in 14 L pots and perlite growth medium using a computerised irrigation and nutrition system. Different water restrictions were applied to ‘Adakarası’, ‘Papazkarası’, ‘Vasilaki’, ‘Yapıncak’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ cultivars, including 4 different daily total water amounts and no irrigation. At the end of 2 growing seasons, plants were removed and the parameters of number, length, diameter, weight of fine and coarse roots and trunk diameter were determined.Conclusions: Although none of the studied parameters is sufficient to define exactly the drought tolerance of the cultivars, it shows that they are important for defining the genotypic response of the cultivars to water stress. The cultivar ‘Adakarası’ responds to decreasing water content similarly to ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. The high number of roots in the ‘Papazkarası’ cultivar can be considered an advantage in terms of adaptation to drought conditions. On the other hand, the ‘Yapıncak’ and ‘Vasilaki’’ cultivars respond to low water with reduced vegetative growth.Significance and Impact of the Study: In this study, root morphological characteristics of traditionally grown wine cultivars in the Thrace region were investigated for the first time. Knowledge of these traits is important for the adaptability and to take advantage of genetic diversity of local cultivars for the sustainability of viticulture under current climate change conditions.
Hatay ilinde üreticilerin biyoyakıt, tarımsal atık ve çevre hakkındaki düşüncelerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kaya Aybüke , Budak Dilek Bostan
Published: October 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hatay ilinde tarımsal faaliyetlerde bulunan işletmelerin sosyo-ekonomik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, tarım ve enerji ilişkisi incelenerek üreticilerin biyokütle ve atıkların değerlendirilmesine yönelik düşüncelerini ortaya koymaktır. Yöntem ve Bulgular: Araştırmanın ana materyalini Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Hatay iline bağlı, gayeli olarak belirlenen ilçelerden elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Enerji üretiminde kullanılabilecek tarımsal ürünleri yetiştiren işletmelerden toplanan birincil veriler (anket ve araştırıcı gözlemleri) ve konu ile ilgili ikincil veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Hatay ilinde 120 üretici ile yüz-yüze anket çalışması yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin normal dağılım gösterip göstermediği Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile analiz edilmiş olup, veriler Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılarak yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara yönelik üreticiler arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğu görülmüştür. Bu kapsamda işletmelere ait atık durumu, üreticilerin biyokütle üretimine yönelik düşüncelerinin tarım ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir.Genel Yorum: Birden fazla enerji kaynağı kullanan üreticiler üzerinde, farklı bölgede tarımsal üretimde bulunması ve bölge koşulları enerji kaynağı seçimini etkilemektedir. Ayrıca enerji girdisinin yanı sıra tarımsal faaliyetlerin yürütülmesinde kullanılan işgücünün de sıkıntılı olduğu, bu sebeple atık toplamanın zor ve maliyetli olduğu da tespit edilmiştir. İşbirliği ve örgütlenmenin yetersiz oluşu, girdi maliyetlerinin yüksekliği, pazar ve pazarlama sorunu, atık toplama merkezi ve kullanım alanının olmaması, ekonomik getirisinin olmadığı düşüncesi, bilgi ve atık toplama önündeki diğer engeller arasındadır.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Üreticilerin çoğu yenilenebilir enerjinin tarımda kullanımını desteklemektedir. Ancak, tarımsal ürünlerin beslenme amacıyla kullanılması gerektiğini düşünen üreticilerin sayısı da azımsanmayacak düzeydedir.
Artisanal fish farmers’ welfare in Nigeria: Drivers and challenges
Authors: Falola Abraham , Mukaila Ridwan , Olonade Temitope Esther , Adeshina İbrahum , Adewale Adedamola Moses
Published: October 2022

Aims: Despite the contribution of artisanal fishery to the fishery sector, there is a dearth of information on the welfare of artisanal fish farmers. Therefore, this study investigated the welfare of artisanal fish farmers in Nigeria.Methods and Results: The study used primary data collected from 330 artisanal fish farmers, which were analysed with descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index and multiple regression. The results indicated that the artisanal fish farmers had poor access to credit facilities, standard medical facilities, quality and nutritious food, quality education for their children, shelter, drinkable water and environmental security. While the highest share (52.42%) of farmers' expenditures was allocated to food expenditures, only 15.02% was allocated to basic non-food items such as children's education, shelter, clothing and health. Analysis of the relative poverty indices of the farmers showed that the poverty incidence, depth and severity were 0.633, 0.165 and 0.062, respectively. Their welfare was significantly influenced by gender, age, income from artisanal fish farming, income from other sources, access to credit, household size, farming experience and assets. The major constraints to the welfare of the farmers were inadequate credit facilities and a lack of government support.Conclusions: The artisanal fishing households had a low standard of living, poor welfare and high poverty incidence. This study, therefore, advocates institutional support by relevant agencies to improve the welfare of this group of farmers. This could be in form of the provision of modern fishing equipment, adequate and necessary information, modern health care centres, free standard schools and loans at little or no interest rate.Significance and Impact of the Study: This study contributes to the body of knowledge by using the expenditure approach to measure artisanal fishing households’ welfare and the results will serve as a reference point for policymakers to improve the artisanal fish farmers’ and rural households’ welfare.
Semt pazarlarından açık süt ve süt ürünleri satın alan tüketicilerin sosyo-ekonomik özellikleri ve eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi: Isparta ili örneği
Authors: Yılmaz Hasan , Öztürk Şüheda Nur , Dağ Merve Mürüvvet
Published: October 2022

Amaç: Isparta ilinde semt pazarlarından açık süt ve süt ürünleri satın alan tüketicilerin sosyo-ekonomik özellikleri ve eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistik, ANOVA ve ki-kare testinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma bulgularında hanehalkının aylık ortalama açık süt harcamasının gıda harcamaları içerisindeki payının %14.87 ve haftalık açık süt tüketiminin 4.58 L olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca hanehalkının gelir düzeyinin artmasıyla açık süte yapılan harcamanın da arttığı tespit edilmiştir. 14 yaş altı çocuk sahibi olan hanehalkının %97.22’sinin açık süt tükettiği saptanmıştır. Genel Yorum: Hijyen olmayan koşullarda satışa sunulması ve insan sağlığı için risk oluşturması sebebiyle gelişmiş ülkelerde açık süt satışı ve tüketimi varlığını yitirmiştir. Avrupa Birliği uyum çalışmaları sürecinde Türkiye’nin de bu konuda gerekli adımları atması ve sağlıklı , güvenli süt tüketiminin sağlanması büyük önem arz etmektedir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Isparta ilinde tüketicilerin açık süt ve süt ürünleri satın almalarının yaygın olmasının güvenli süt tüketimi açısından bir sorun olduğu söylenebilir. Güvenilir çiğ süt arzının karşılanması politika yapıcılar için en önemli konulardan biridir. Sanayide işlenen süt oranının artırılması hem katma değer yaratmak hem de güvenli gıda açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma Isparta ilinde geleneksel semt pazarlarından açık süt ve süt ürünleri satın alan tüketicilerle yürütülmüştür. Bu durum çalışmanın özgün değerini artırmaktadır.
Kontrollü koşullar altında Aspergillus niger kültür filtratının kök-ur nematodu Meloidogyne incognita’ya karşı nematisidal etkisinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Göze Özdemir Fatma Gül , Arıcı Şerife Evrim
Published: October 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Aspergillus niger’in kültür filtratının 4 farklı(25, 50, 75 ve 100%) konsantrasyonunun kontrollü koşullar altında (24±1 ° C, 60±5% nem) domates ve biber köklerinde Meloidogyne incognita gelişimine etkisi araştırılmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışmada nematod inokulumu olarak 500 II. Dönem larva (J2) kullanılmış ve inokülasyonundan iki gün sonra her saksı toprağına A. niger kültür filtratının her konsantrasyonundan 10 ml uygulama yapılmıştır. Uygulamadan 8 hafta sonra köklerdeki gal ve yumurta paketi sayıları ile topraktaki J2 yoğunluğu tespit edilmiş ve konsantrasyonların bu parametrelerdeki kontrol etki yüzdeleri hesaplanmıştır. Domates ve biber köklerinde M. incognita üzerinde en etkili konsantrasyonların %100 ve %75 olduğu saptanmış ve gal, yumurta paketi sayısı ve topraktaki J2 yoğunluğu üzerindeki etkileri arasında önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır (P≥0.05). A. niger kültür filtratının %50 seyreltmenin altına düştüğünde, nematisidal etkisinin %30’lara kadar düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Domateste kültür filtratının %100 konsantrasyonunda gal, yumurta paketi sayısı ve topraktaki J2 yoğunluğu üzerindeki yüzde kontrol etki sırasıyla %86.3, 86.2 ve 82.0 olarak saptanırken, biber köklerinde %89.1, 88.6 ve 87.2 olduğu bulunmuştur. A. niger’in %75 konsantrasyonunda ise gal, yumurta paketi sayısı ve topraktaki J2 yoğunluğu üzerindeki kontrol etki domateste sırasıyla %79.9, 79.2 ve 73.0 olarak belirlenirken, biberde %82.9, %82.0 ve %79.4 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Genel Yorum: Yerel A. niger izolatının M. incognita’ya karşı yüksek nematisidal aktivite gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: A. niger kültür filtratı domates ve biberde M. incognita kontrolünde yeni bir biyolojik nematisit kaynağı olarak belirlenmiştir.
Adana ilinde yetişen bazı turunçgil çeşitlerinde zararlı yaprakpiresi (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) türleri ile parazitoitlerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Birbiri Haluk , Sertkaya Erdal
Published: October 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Adana ilinde yetişen iki farklı Citrus spp. (cv. Washington Navel ve cv. Okitsu) Cicadellidae familyasına bağlı zararlı yaprakpiresi türleri ile yumurta parazitoidlerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yürütülmüştür.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Bu çalışma, 2013-2014 yıllarında Adana ilinin Seyhan, Yüreğir ve Karataş ilçelerinde bulunan göbekli (Washington Navel) portakal ve mandarin (cv. Okitsu) çeşitlerinde yürütülmüştür. Yaprakpiresi türleri belirlemek için örneklemeler 5 bahçede yürütülmüştür. Örneklemelerde sarı yapışkan renk tuzağı ve D-Vac vakumlu böcek toplama aleti kullanılmıştır.Örneklemelerin yapıldığı bahçelerden alınan yaprak örnekleri kültüre alınarak yaprakpirelerinin yumurta parazitoitleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Austrogallia sinuata (Mulsant Rey,1855), Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli, 1932), Empoasca decipiens (Paoli, 1930), Zyginidia sohrab (Zachvatkin, 1947), Cicadulina bipunctella (Matsumura, 1908), Psammotettix striatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Balclutha hebe (Kirkady, 1906) olmak üzere Cicadellidae familyasına ait üç alt familya da toplam 7 tür tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada örnekleme yapılan alanlarda toplanan türler içerisinde, Cicadulina bipunctella, Empoasca decipiens & Asymmetrasca decedens, Zyginidia sohrab örnekleme yapılan alanlarda en yoğun türler olarak tespit edilmiştir.Genel Yorum: Örnekleme yapılan alanlarda toplanan türler içerisinde, Cicadulina bipunctella, Empoasca decipiens & Asymmetrasca decedens, Zyginidia sohrab örnekleme yapılan alanlarda en yoğun türler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Buna ilave olarak Anagrus atomus (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) Cicadellidae türlerinin yumurta parazitoidi olarak belirlenmiştir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Yaprakpirelerine ait türler potansiyel virüs vektörleri olduğundan, bunların popülasyon dalgalanmaları yakından izlenmelidir.
Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots-Gellan Gum As An Innovative Self-Healable Hydrogel Composite
Authors: TÜRK Serbülent , ÖZACAR Mahmut
Published: October 2022

Tension sensors can be widely applied to detect body movements and monitor physiological signals. Hydrogels with conductive properties draw attention among the studies in this field. However, their application is limited because hydrogels can be easily damaged during use. In this study, a self-healing conductive hydrogel was produced by adding nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) to gellan gum (GG) polymer. The self-healing property of the hydrogen bonds in the prepared polymeric matrix network to a certain extent and the conductivity were supported by the addition of NCQDs. The electrical recovery process of the hydrogel in the 1, 2, and 3 cutting/healing cycles was illustrated by a visually designed LED bulb serial circuit. As a result of connecting the obtained 3D hydrogel to a real-time resistance change measurement system, the resistance changes in the cutting/healing cycles were monitored. The duration of the total cut-healing process, including cut and contact time, was 2.12 s. In addition, a free-standing gel bridge was formed after joining the two cut pieces of cylindrical hydrogels. Due to the resulting hydrogel composite properties, it has promising potential in various applications such as personal health diagnosis, human activity monitoring, and human-motion sensors.
Homology Modeling of L18F Mutation on SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding-Domain
Authors: Köprülülü Küçük Gizem , Giritlioğlu Nazlı Irmak
Published: October 2022

Proteins have unique properties to participate in many structural and physiological processes. Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of proteins is important to understand their roles in the physiological processes and the functions of these processes. Any structural defect in proteins due to mutations can cause diseases, treatment unresponsiveness, and drug resistance development. The recent emergence of the new SARS-CoV-2 variants containing mutations that accelerate the spread of the virus by affecting infectiousness has been of concern. In the study, visualization of the homology model and investigation of the chemical properties of L18F mutation responsible for the formation of mutant type SARS-CoV-2 spike protein via in silico approach was intended. In this study, amino acid number, molecular weight, theoretical pI value, the percentage composition of amino acids, total negatively charged residue number, total positively charged residue number, atomic composition, formula, total atomic number, molar extinction coefficient, aliphatic index, and the average hydropathy were calculated via ProtParam. The FASTA amino acid sequence was used for visualization of the homology models via UCSF Chimera in wild-type and mutant-type spike proteins. Basic chemical calculations also were displayed on BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer. ΔΔG value and the changes in the stability in L18F mutation were predicted via I-Mutant Suite software. We detected that location of the mutant residue is near a highly conserved position and the L18F mutation may not cause the damage.
Evaluation of Serum Asprosin Levels in Patients with T2DM in Duhok District, Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Taha Rawan , Sulaiman Dhia
Published: October 2022

Asprosin was discovered to be an innovative hormone that is complemented in “adipose tissue” as well as is abnormally elevated in human and mice which are resistant to insulin. Nevertheless, data on the contribution of asprosin in the development of DM (T2DM) is still largely missing. Consequently, the main aim of this trial was to compare the serum asprosin concentration in people with T2DM to those of apparently healthy individuals who reside in Duhok district. This investigation was carried out between Sep. 2021 and Jan. 2022 at “Duhok diabetic center in Azadi teaching and Mazi non-government laboratory”. The levels of serum asprosin were measured in 180 participants (90 confirmed as with T2DM and 90 apparently healthy persons). All of the participants' height, weight, and biochemical variables were measured and compared. Biochemical markers including lipid panel, fasted blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, and fasted insulin were analyzed via the “auto-analyzer system termed 6000 series COBASS”. While, the blood’s levels of asprosin were calculated through ELISA assay. The study's data was analyzed using “SPSS”. The mean age of adults with T2DM was (43.93 ± 11.95) and among those who appeared to be healthy was (41.09 ± 11.33). Serum asprosin levels were considerably higher in T2DM patients (17.21 ± 4.61) ng/ml than in healthy control (5.17 ± 2.96) (P value < 0.001). In addition, a strong relation existed among serum asprosin and BMI, TG, TCH, FBG, HbA1c, FI, and HOMA-IR (P value < 0.001), whereas an inverse relationship appeared between serum asprosin and HDL-C (P value < 0.01). This investigation proves that adults with T2DM had higher serum asprosin levels than those who seemed to be healthy. Additionally, in individuals with T2DM, serum asprosin was found to be strongly linked with BMI, FBG, FI, HOMAIR, TCH and TG (P value < 0.01).
Streaming through a glass onion
Authors: Jones Steve , Podrazik Walter
Published: October 2022

This article contextualizes the Beatles’ efforts to maintain a consistent chronological narrative of their career, art and achievements in light of commercial and technological advancements in popular music since the 1960s. It examines the tensions between art, authenticity, commerce and chronology to ascertain the contours of fandom, mythmaking and industry that have lent the Beatles the ability to preserve their legacy on their terms. It argues that the Beatles’ repeated and consistent efforts to chronologically affirm and fix their narrative allows fans to enter the Beatles’ story from multiple points in time and to create their own stories within that chronology, thereby allowing the Beatles to continue to serve as musical and cultural symbols across generations.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
High-resolution Linear Spectropolarimetry of Red Supergiant VY CMa: Identification of Atomic and Molecular Features
Authors: Dinh-V-Trung  , Bao N. T. T. , Tien P. M. , Hai B. V. , Minh P. H. , Khiem L. H.
Published: October 2022

We present a high-resolution optical spectropolarimetric observation of the red supergiant VY CMa. The optical spectrum of VY CMa contains numerous emission features that are mainly due to molecular bands of TiO, ScO, and VO. In addition, emission lines of Ba ii, Ca i, Na i, K i, and Rb i are identified in the spectrum. Our observation shows that all the molecular bands exhibit a very large and abrupt linear polarization reduction, i.e., depolarization, across the band heads of up to 10% or higher with respect to the continuum polarization level. The high-resolution observations demonstrate clearly that the molecular band heads are associated with the largest depolarization. Using this property together with a simulated emission spectrum of TiO we are able to identify most of the broad emission features in the optical spectrum of VY CMa as the TiO band heads in emission. Our observations also reveal a previously unknown phenomenon that the atomic lines either in emission or absoprtion also exhibit large depolarization across the line profile, with the K i doublet showing almost complete depolarization. The observed polarization pattern is very similar among either absoprtion or emission lines, even though the spectral lines belong to different atomic species. Together with recent high spectral resolution observations, we discuss the origin of this phenomenon and suggest that the observed large depolarization across molecular bands and atomic lines is due to absorption and scattering in the complex circumstellar environment of VY CMa, especially in the dense dusty clumps located almost on the plane of the sky.
Asteroseismology of a Double-mode High-amplitude δ Scuti Star TIC 448892817
Authors: Lv Chenglong , Esamdin Ali , Pascual-Granado J. , Hernández A. García , Hasanzadeh A.
Published: October 2022

We propose that TIC 448892817 is a double-mode high-amplitude δ Scuti star. The radial modes detected in this star provide a unique opportunity to exploit asteroseismic techniques up to their limits. 30 significant frequencies are detected by frequency analysis, while two of them are independent frequencies, i.e., F0 = 13.43538(2) day−1 and F1 = 17.27007(4) day−1. The ratio of f
1/f
2 is measured to be 0.777957(2), suggesting that this target is a double-mode δ Scuti star. Nearly all the light variation is due to these two modes and their combination frequencies, but several other frequencies of very low amplitude are also present. The stellar evolutionary models were constructed with different mass M and metallicity Z using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA). The frequency ratio f
1/f
2 obtained by the model is smaller than those obtained by observation. This might be caused by the rotation of the star pointing that rotational effects are more important than previously thought in HADS stars. This is something that deserves to be investigated in future works with models including rotational effects for moderate to intermediate rotators such as FILOU. On the other hand, the parameters obtained from MESA agree well with previous results as well as by observational spectra. The best-fitting model shows that TIC 448892817 is close to entering the first turnoff of the main sequence. In order to accurately determine the effective temperature and metallicities, thus further narrowing the parameter space of this star, we suggest high-resolution spectra is highly desired in the future.
Adaptive Optics Imaging Can Break the Central Caustic Cusp Approach Degeneracy in High-magnification Microlensing Events
Authors: Terry Sean K. , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Koshimoto Naoki , Beaulieu Jean-Philippe , Blackman Joshua W. , Bond Ian A. , Cole Andrew A. , Lu Jessica R. , Marquette Jean Baptiste , Ranc Clément , Rektsini Natalia , Vandorou Aikaterini
Published: October 2022

We report new results for the gravitational microlensing target OGLE-2011-BLG-0950 from adaptive optics images using the Keck Observatory. The original analysis by Choi et al. and reanalysis by Suzuki et al. report degenerate solutions between planetary and stellar binary lens systems. This particular case is the most important type of degeneracy for exoplanet demographics because the distinction between a planetary mass or stellar binary companion has direct consequences for microlensing exoplanet statistics. The 8 and 10 yr baselines allow us to directly measure a relative proper motion of 4.20 ± 0.21 mas yr−1, confirming the detection of the lens star system and ruling out the planetary companion models that predict a ∼4× smaller relative proper motion. The Keck data also rule out the wide stellar binary solution unless one of the components is a stellar remnant. The combination of the lens brightness and close stellar binary light-curve parameters yields primary and secondary star masses of

M

A

=

1.12

−
0.09

+
0.11

and

M

B

=

0.47

−
0.10

+
0.13

M

☉

at a distance of

D

L

=

6.70

−
0.30

+
0.55

kpc and a projected separation of

0.39

−
0.04

+
0.05

au. Assuming that the predicted proper motions are measurably different, the high-resolution imaging method described here can be used to disentangle this degeneracy for events observed by the Roman exoplanet microlensing survey using Roman images taken near the beginning or end of the survey.
Timing Six Energetic Rotation-powered X-Ray Pulsars, Including the Fast-spinning Young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910
Authors: Ho Wynn C. G. , Kuiper Lucien , Espinoza Cristóbal M. , Guillot Sebastien , Ray Paul S. , Smith D. A. , Bogdanov Slavko , Antonopoulou Danai , Arzoumanian Zaven , Bejger Michał , Enoto Teruaki , Esposito Paolo , Harding Alice K. , Haskell Brynmor , Lewandowska Natalia , Maitra Chandreyee , Vasilopoulos Georgios
Published: October 2022

Measuring a pulsar’s rotational evolution is crucial to understanding the nature of the pulsar. Here, we provide updated timing models for the rotational evolution of six pulsars, five of which are rotation phase-connected using primarily NICER X-ray data. For the newly discovered fast energetic young pulsar, PSR J0058−7218, we increase the baseline of its timing model from 1.4 days to 8 months and not only measure more precisely its spin-down rate

ν

̇

=
(
−
6.2324
±
0.0001
)
×

10

−
11

Hz

s

−
1

but also for the first time the second time derivative of its spin rate

ν

̈

=
(
4.2
±
0.2
)
×

10

−
21

Hz

s

−
2

. For the fastest and most energetic young pulsar, PSR J0537−6910 (with a 16 ms spin period), we detect four more glitches, for a total of 15 glitches over 4.5 yr of NICER monitoring, and show that its spin-down behavior continues to set this pulsar apart from all others, including a long-term braking index n = −1.234 ± 0.009 and interglitch braking indices that asymptote to ≲7 for long times after a glitch. For PSR J1101−6101, we measure a much more accurate spin-down rate that agrees with a previous value measured without phase connection. For PSR J1412+7922 (also known as Calvera), we extend the baseline of its timing model from our previous 1 yr model to 4.4 yr, and for PSR J1849−0001, we extend the baseline from 1.5 to 4.7 yr. We also present a long-term timing model of the energetic pulsar PSR J1813−1749, by fitting previous radio and X-ray spin frequencies from 2009–2019 and new ones measured here using 2018 NuSTAR and 2021 Chandra data.
Where Did the Outskirts Go? Outer Stellar Halos as a Sensitive Probe of Supernova Feedback
Authors: Keller B. W.
Published: October 2022

A recent comparison by Merritt of simulated and observed Milky Way–mass galaxies has identified a significant tension between the outskirts (r > 20 kpc) of the stellar halos in simulated and observed galaxies. Using observations from the Dragonfly telescope and simulated galaxies from the Illustris-TNG100 project, Merritt found that the outskirts of stellar halos in simulated galaxies have surface densities 1–2 dex higher than those of observed galaxies. In this paper, we compare two suites of 15 simulated Milky Way–like galaxies, each drawn from the same initial conditions, simulated with the same hydrodynamical code, but with two different models for feedback from supernovae. We find that the McMaster Unbiased Galaxy Simulations (MUGS), which use an older “delayed-cooling” model for feedback, also produce too much stellar mass in the outskirts of the halo, with median surface densities well above observational constraints. The MUGS2 simulations, which instead use a new, physically motivated “superbubble” model for stellar feedback, have 1–2 dex lower outer stellar halo masses and surface densities. The MUGS2 simulations generally match both the median surface density profile as well as the scatter in stellar halo surface density profiles seen in observed stellar halos. We conclude that there is no “missing outskirts” problem in cosmological simulations, provided that supernova feedback is modeled in a way that allows it to efficiently regulate star formation in the low-mass progenitor environments of stellar halo outskirts.
On the Stability of Tidal Streams in Action Space
Authors: Arora Arpit , Sanderson Robyn E. , Panithanpaisal Nondh , Cunningham Emily C. , Wetzel Andrew , Garavito-Camargo Nicolás
Published: October 2022

In the Gaia era it is increasingly apparent that traditional static, parameterized models are insufficient to describe the mass distribution of our complex, dynamically evolving Milky Way (MW). In this work, we compare different time-evolving and time-independent representations of the gravitational potentials of simulated MW-mass galaxies from the FIRE-2 suite of cosmological-baryonic simulations. Using these potentials, we calculate actions for star particles in tidal streams around three galaxies with varying merger histories at each snapshot from 7 Gyr ago to the present day. We determine the action-space coherence preserved by each model using the Kullback–Leibler divergence to gauge the degree of clustering in actions and the relative stability of the clusters over time. We find that all models produce a clustered action space for simulations with no significant mergers. However, a massive (mass ratio prior to infall more similar than 1:8) interacting galaxy not present in the model will result in mischaracterized orbits for stars most affected by the interaction. The locations of the action space clusters (i.e., the orbits of the stream stars) are only preserved by the time-evolving model, while the time-independent models can lose significant amounts of information as soon as 0.5–1 Gyr ago, even if the system does not undergo a significant merger. Our results imply that reverse-integration of stream orbits in the MW using a fixed potential is likely to give incorrect results if integrated longer than 0.5 Gyr into the past.
VLBA Reveals the Absence of a Compact Radio Core in the Radio-intermediate Quasar J2242+0334 at z = 5.9
Authors: Liu Yuanqi , Wang Ran , Momjian Emmanuel , Zhang Yingkang , An Tao , Yang Xiaolong , Wagg Jeff , Bañados Eduardo , Omont Alain
Published: October 2022

High-resolution imaging is crucial for exploring the origin and mechanism of radio emission in quasars, especially at high redshifts. We present 1.5 GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) images of the radio continuum emission from the radio-intermediate quasar (RIQ) J2242+0334 at z = 5.9. This object was previously detected at both 1.5 GHz and 3 GHz with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) as a point source. However, there is no clear detection in the VLBA images at both the full resolution of 10.7 mas × 4.5 mas (61.7 pc × 26.0 pc) and a tapered resolution of 26 mas × 21 mas (150 pc × 121 pc). This suggests that the radio emission from the quasar is diffuse on milliarcsecond scales with surface brightness fainter than the 3σ detection limit of 40.5 μJy beam−1 in the full-resolution image. The radio emission in the RIQ J2242+0334 is likely to be wind-like (i.e., diffuse) rather than in the form of collimated jets. This is different from the previous radio detections of the most luminous quasars at z ∼ 6 that are usually dominated by compact, high brightness temperature radio sources. Meanwhile, compared with RIQs at low redshifts, the case of J2242+0334 suggests that not all RIQs are beamed radio-quiet quasars. This optically faint RIQ provides an important and unique example to investigate the radio activity in the less powerful active galactic nuclei at the earliest cosmic epoch.
Critical checklist of the Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) of Germany
Authors: Vidal Stefan , Müller Jochen , Schmidt Stefan
Published: October 2022

Since the first checklist of German Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea was published over two decades ago, a revision of the status of these superfamilies in Germany is overdue. The previous list contained chalcidoid species mentioned in published papers up to 2000 and was cross-checked with the data compiled by Noyes in the Universal Chalcidoidea Database. Additional species, determined by the first author, were also included. Since then, revisions of several chalcidoid genera have been published synonymising species or describing new species. The previous checklist also contained several erroneous names and doubtful records that turned out to be incorrect placements or questionable citations and are corrected in the present version.

The updated critical checklist of German Chalcidoidea includes 1,610 species from 19 families.
Intégrer les enjeux climatiques dans le secteur de la défense en France
Authors: Estève Adrien
Published: October 2022

Les approches contemporaines de la climatisation de l’action publique avancent que la mise à l’agenda du changement climatique provoque deux types de transformation au sein des organisations. D’un côté, la climatisation s’inscrirait dans la continuité des pratiques traditionnelles de conversion environnementale (ou de verdissement) de l’action publique. Elle se limiterait alors à accentuer ou atténuer certaines préoccupations écologiques préexistantes comme la réduction des émissions carbonées ou à la transition énergétique. De l’autre, elle entraînerait un important bouleversement des pratiques des organisations, en raison du travail de traduction de leurs missions en termes climatiques. Ce serait particulièrement le cas des institutions chargées de la sécurité et de la défense, qui auraient tendance à « climatiser » certains enjeux comme les migrations ou le terrorisme. Cet article propose de montrer que ces deux approches sont complémentaires pour saisir la dimension progressive et graduelle du changement institutionnel provoqué par la mise à l’agenda du changement climatique, à partir du cas du ministère des Armées. La climatisation apparaît en effet comme un processus incrémental et différencié de construction du problème climatique par le secteur de la défense. Il est incrémental car la climatisation consiste en une série d’ajustements internes pour insérer le problème climatique dans des politiques publiques préexistantes. Il est également différencié car plusieurs constructions du problème peuvent coexister au sein de l’organisation, au risque de se chevaucher, voire de se concurrencer.
Pension alimentaire et résidence alternée. Les déterminants d’une pratique minoritaire
Authors: Steinmetz Hélène
Published: October 2022

Alors que le barème diffusé par le ministère de la Justice depuis 2010 prévoit un mode de calcul des pensions alimentaires en cas de résidence alternée, les données existantes indiquent qu’une pension est fixée par la justice pour moins d’un enfant alternant sur quatre. L’article analyse les ressorts de cette pratique minoritaire à partir d’une base originale constituée de 3 000 dossiers de première instance traités par sept tribunaux en 2013. Leur étude permet d’examiner les configurations – du côté des familles impliquées et des procédures – qui conduisent à fixer ou non une pension. Elle permet de comprendre pourquoi l’absence de pension est la solution la plus fréquente quand les parents se partagent la résidence de l’enfant, quand bien même leurs revenus sont inégaux.
Les parents formalisent-ils la prise en charge de leurs enfants ? Une analyse quantitative des expériences de mères récemment séparées
Authors: Céroux Benoît , Manier Marion
Published: October 2022

À partir d’un questionnaire adressé à des allocataires séparés entre juin et septembre 2019, cet article étudie l’organisation de la séparation sous deux angles : le temps de vie avec les enfants et la participation financière de l’autre parent. Il explore également l’image que se font les enquêtées de l’intermédiation financière des pensions alimentaires, un service alors tout juste ouvert par la branche Famille de la Sécurité sociale, à la demande des parents (donc en dehors des procédures de recouvrement des impayés de pensions alimentaires). L’article se termine en proposant trois catégories de parents identifiées en fonction de la formalisation de l’organisation postséparation, de l’accord entre eux à ce sujet et de l’intérêt porté à l’intermédiation financière.
Sanctions physiques éducatives et saisine des institutions judiciaires en contexte de séparation
Authors: Cartier Marie , David Marion , d’Halluin Estelle , Rafin Nicolas , Grunvald Sylvie
Published: October 2022

Les situations de rupture conjugale constituent un contexte favorable au dévoilement des sanctions physiques éducatives. Les séparations favorisent en effet la dénonciation des sanctions physiques éducatives soit parce que le contexte de rupture est propice à leur survenue, soit parce que le recours réel ou allégué à de telles sanctions physiques devient un argument dans le contexte de judiciarisation du conflit conjugal, notamment devant la justice familiale. Le rapport des juges à ces situations se trouve marqué par l’ambivalence et l’hésitation, entre prudence et méfiance.
Comment penser les catégories de la migration : approche réflexive et enjeux méthodologiques
Authors: Lepoutre Lucie , Malogne-Fer Gwendoline
Published: October 2022

Résumé La multiplicité des catégories de la migration, mais aussi des acteurs qui les mobilisent et leur donnent sens, met en exergue les difficultés méthodologiques et les enjeux épistémologiques auxquels les chercheurs se trouvent confrontés. Les catégories issues des politiques migratoires, et plus largement des politiques publiques (d’hébergement, d’aide à la parentalité, d’intégration participative, etc.), produisent des processus de catégorisation qui constituent pour le sociologue à la fois une « épreuve » de l’enquête 1 et un objet d’étude en soi. Au-delà des mots et des représentations sociales qu’elles véhiculent, les catégories participent de logiques d’intégration et d’exclusion et doivent ainsi faire l’objet d’une vigilance de la part du chercheur pour que ce dernier puisse en rendre compte sans les reproduire ou les renforcer. En croisant les apports des différentes contributions du dossier ainsi que des travaux déjà existants sur cette question, la présente introduction invite à adopter une approche réflexive et propose une analyse attentive aux rapports sociaux de genre, de classe et d’âge ainsi qu’à ce que l'espace et le temps « font » aux processus de catégorisation. La diversité des terrains d’enquête présentés dans le dossier montre que les catégories peuvent constituer des constructions rigides et contraignantes de la réalité sociale et se révéler également l’objet de réinterprétations et d’applications variables en fonction des interlocuteurs, des lieux et des personnes « catégorisées ».
Devenir « mineur non accompagné »
Authors: Marmié Cléo
Published: October 2022

Résumé La désignation des enfants et des adolescents engagés seuls dans un parcours migratoire, qui s’inscrit dans un long processus de problématisation publique en cours depuis les années 1990, a été harmonisée à l’échelle européenne sous la dénomination « mineurs non accompagnés — mna  ». Pour bénéficier de la protection que confère la minorité d’âge, dans un contexte ambigu de durcissement du contrôle migratoire et d’internationalisation de la reconnaissance des droits de l’enfant, les jeunes migrants doivent donc, à travers une série d’épreuves variables aux échelles locale et nationale, prouver leur qualité de «  mna »  et être reconnus comme tels par les institutions sociales, administratives et humanitaires. Cette contribution propose d’explorer les enjeux épistémologiques et pratiques de la désignation de ces jeunes comme «  mna », devenue une catégorie spécifique d’intervention à l’intérieur du public de l’« enfance en danger ». À partir d’une enquête qualitative multi-sites menée au Maroc, en Espagne et en France, l’article analyse la conflictualité et les circulations locales et transnationales des normes de l’« enfance en danger » et montre comment la désignation catégorielle de ces jeunes, qui révèle les « zones grises » de l’âge et de l’intervention sociale, fait « désordre » au sein de la protection de l’enfance. Enfin, il interroge les enjeux épistémologiques et méthodologiques de la catégorisation «  mna »  pour les sciences sociales.
Regards croisés sur les enfants de migrants : entre catégories savantes, propriétés sociales et points de vue enfantins
Authors: Tichit Christine
Published: October 2022

Résumé L’enjeu de cet article est d’explorer les dessous de la catégorie « enfants de mi-grants », rarement étudiée pour elle-même. Il s’appuie sur l’exploitation secondaire des données et observations recueillies dans le cadre de l’étude Coralim, une recherche participative en milieu scolaire d’éducation prioritaire à Paris, qui porte sur la socialisation alimentaire, corporelle et les modes de vie enfantins. Les catégories prédéfinies de l’enquête quantitative permettent d’éclairer l’hétérogénéité du groupe social des « enfants de migrants », tandis que le terrain mené auprès d’eux laisse émerger l’expression d’appartenances non prédéfinies et habituellement non dites à l’école. Les résultats révèlent les tensions enfantines qui se nouent autour de l’assignation culturelle renvoyant à la migration. Les mécanismes de « recyclage » de catégories symboliques viennent légitimer ou contrarier l’expression de la différence culturelle selon le groupe social dominant de la classe. L’ambivalence des signes extérieurs renforce aussi cette assignation qui, dans certains cas, se situe aux antipodes des représentations de soi. Au final, les « enfants de migrants » se définissent par rapport à tous les autres, natifs et migrants, selon leur propre distance vis-à-vis de leur culture d’origine.