bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal study of disease severity and external factors in cognitive failure after COVID-19 among Indonesian population
Authors: Herman Bumi , Wong Martin Chi Sang , Chantharit Prawat , Hannanu Firdaus Fabrice , Viwattanakulvanid Pramon
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 infection is assumed to induce cognitive failure. Identifying the relationship between COVID-19, the effect of vaccination and medication, and accommodating non-COVID-19 factors to cognitive failure is essential. This study was conducted in Indonesia from September 2021 to January 2023. Demographic information, clinical data, comorbidities, vaccination, and medication during COVID-19 were obtained, as well as a 6-month cognitive assessment with Cognitive Failures Questionnaire/CFQ, Fatigue Severity Score, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). A Structural Equation Model explains the relationship between potential predictors and cognitive failure. The average score of CFQ after 6 months was 45.6 ± 23.1 out of 100. The severity of the disease, which was associated with vaccination status, age, previous infection, and unit of treatment (p < 0.05), was not related to cognitive failure (p = 0.519), although there is a significant direct impact of worst vaccination status to cognitive failure(p < 0.001). However, age, fatigue, and current anxiety were associated with higher cognitive failure (p < 0.001), although comorbidities and recent headaches were not significant in other models (p > 0.05). This study concludes that cognitive failure after COVID-19 is a multifactorial event and does not solely depend on COVID-19 severity. It is crucial to re-address the factors related to the long-term efficacy of vaccination and medication and focus on non-health factors affecting cognitive failure.

Trial Registration: NCT05060562.
Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic study of rat serum after anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Li Jie-Ting , Zeng Ni , Yan Zhi-Peng , Liao Tao , Chen Xin , Ni Guo-Xin
Published: November 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, a common sports injury, is associated with a high risk of subsequent osteoarthritis (OA), which can cause serious pain and disability. Understanding the detailed mechanism underlying the predisposition of knee with ACL injury to secondary OA at an early stage is key to preventing future degradation and progression to a clinically significant disease. A total of 56 male Sprague Dawley rats (age, 8 weeks; weight, 180–220 g) were randomly divided into three experimental groups: control, ACL transection (ACLT; where surgical procedure was performed with ACLT), and sham (where surgical procedure was performed without ACLT). The ACLT and sham groups were further divided into three subgroups based on when the rats were sacrificed: 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the surgical procedure. The control group and the aforementioned subgroups contained 8 rats each. We used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic analysis to analyze rat serum samples for the metabolic characteristics and the underlying mechanisms. In total, 28 metabolites were identified in the NMR spectra of the rat sera. At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, the sham group demonstrated metabolic profiles different from those of the ACLT group. However, this difference was not observed 12 weeks postoperatively. In total, five metabolites (acetate, succinate, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, glucose, and phenylalanine) and five metabolic pathways (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; pyruvate metabolism; starch and sucrose metabolism; and histidine metabolism) demonstrated significant differences between the ACLT and sham groups. ACL injury was noted to considerably affect biochemical homeostasis and metabolism; however, these metabolic changes persisted briefly. Moreover, glucose was a characteristic metabolite, and several energy-related metabolic pathways were significantly disturbed. Therefore, an ACL injury may lead to considerable impairments in energy metabolism. Abnormal glucose levels facilitate chondrocyte function impairment and thereby lead to OA progression. Furthermore, lactate may aid in identifying metabolic changes specific to knee trauma not related to an ACL injury. Overall, the metabolic changes in rat serum after an ACL injury were closely related to disturbances in energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The current results may aid in understanding the pathogenesis of posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
Wave dynamics alteration by discontinuous flexible mats of artificial seagrass can support seagrass restoration efforts
Authors: Villanueva Raúl , Paul Maike , Schlurmann Torsten
Published: November 2023

Seagrass restoration can be promoted through the use of artificial seagrass (ASG). However, there is no guideline for ASG design, which requires a sound understanding of the inherent hydrodynamics in a submerged environment. Present know-how primarily stems from idealized ASG attached to a fixed bed. To develop accessible field deployment for restoration, anchored prototype scale ASG mats (coconut mesh) were proposed and tested under differing wave conditions. The aim of this study was then to: 1) analyze hydrodynamic interaction of ASG mats; and 2) assess the suitability of contemporary predictive hydrodynamic models. Velocity structure and wave propagation were measured around one and two ASG mats (separated by a 2-m gap). The mats reduced orbital velocities by up to 16% (2 mats), whereby the average reduction of all tested vegetated conditions was low ($$<10\%$$

<
10
%

) compared to the non-vegetated conditions. Velocities increased above the ASG, with the gap enhancing velocity (up to 11%) instead of attenuating it. Wave decay followed an exponential decrease, further enhanced by the second mat. Current models did not capture the induced hydrodynamics for the full range of wave conditions tested, with the second mat increasing uncertainties. Wave decay models generally overestimated wave attenuation (up to 30%), except for longer wave periods. Nevertheless, for the full range of conditions, the models provide accurate insight into the expected magnitude of attenuation under field conditions. It is speculated that mat flexibility affects the surrounding hydrodynamics through inherent motion, with the gap contributing to the uncertainties.
Collagen type XIV is proportionally lower in the lung tissue of patients with IPF
Authors: Nizamoglu Mehmet , Koloko Ngassie Maunick Lefin , Meuleman Rhode A. , Banchero Martin , Borghuis Theo , Timens Wim , Nawijn Martijn C. , Melgert Barbro N. , Heijink Irene H. , Brandsma Corry-Anke , Burgess Janette K.
Published: November 2023

Abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in lung tissue is a characteristic of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Increased collagen deposition is also accompanied by altered collagen organization. Collagen type XIV, a fibril-associated collagen, supports collagen fibril organization. Its status in IPF has not been described at the protein level yet. In this study, we utilized publicly available datasets for single-cell RNA-sequencing for characterizing collagen type XIV expression at the gene level. For protein level comparison, we applied immunohistochemical staining for collagen type XIV on lung tissue sections from IPF patients and compared it to lung tissue sections from never smoking and ex-smoking donors. Analyzing the relative amounts of collagen type XIV at the whole tissue level, as well as in parenchyma, airway wall and bronchial epithelium, we found consistently lower proportions of collagen type XIV in all lung tissue compartments across IPF samples. Our study suggests proportionally lower collagen type XIV in IPF lung tissues may have implications for the assembly of the ECM fibers potentially contributing to progression of fibrosis.
Ficolin-2 amplifies inflammation in macrophage-smooth muscle cell cross-talk and increases monocyte transmigration by mechanisms involving IL-1β and IL-6
Authors: Macarie Răzvan Daniel , Tucureanu Monica Mădălina , Ciortan Letiția , Gan Ana-Maria , Butoi Elena , Mânduțeanu Ileana
Published: November 2023

Ficolin-2, recently identified in atherosclerotic plaques, has been correlated with future acute cardiovascular events, but its role remains unknown. We hypothesize that it could influence plaque vulnerability by interfering in the cross-talk between macrophages (MØ) and smooth muscle cells (SMC). To examine its role and mechanism of action, we exposed an in-vitro co-culture system of SMC and MØ to ficolin-2 (10 µg/mL) and then performed cytokine array, protease array, ELISA, qPCR, Western Blot, and monocyte transmigration assay. Carotid plaque samples from atherosclerotic patients with high plasma levels of ficolin-2 were analyzed by immunofluorescence. We show that ficolin-2: (i) promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype in SMC following interaction with MØ by elevating the gene expression of MCP-1, upregulating gene and protein expression of IL-6 and TLR4, and by activating ERK/MAPK and NF-KB signaling pathways; (ii) increased IL-1β, IL-6, and MIP-1β in MØ beyond the level induced by cellular interaction with SMC; (iii) elevated the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL4 in the conditioned medium; (iv) enhanced monocyte transmigration and (v) in atherosclerotic plaques from patients with high plasma levels of ficolin-2, we observed co-localization of ficolin-2 with SMC marker αSMA and the cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. These findings shed light on previously unknown mechanisms underlying ficolin-2–dependent pathological inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
Transcriptome-based strategies for identifying aluminum tolerance genes in popcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta)
Authors: Pinto Vitor Batista , Vidigal Pedro Marcus Pereira , Dal-Bianco Maximiller , Almeida-Silva Fabricio , Venancio Thiago Motta , Viana José Marcelo Soriano
Published: November 2023

Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits crop production worldwide. Although studies have identified genes associated with Al tolerance in crops, a large amount of data remains unexplored using other strategies. Here, we searched for single substitutions and InDels across differentially expressed genes (DEGs), linked DEGs to Al-tolerance QTLs reported in the literature for common maize, and investigated the alternative splicing regulated by Al3+ toxicity. We found 929 substitutions between DEGs in Al-tolerant and 464 in Al-sensitive inbred lines, of which 165 and 80 were non-synonymous, respectively. Only 12 NS variants had deleterious predicted effect on protein function in Al-tolerant and 13 in Al-sensitive. Moreover, 378 DEGs were mapped in Al-QTL regions for the Al-tolerant and 213 for the Al-sensitive. Furthermore, Al stress is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level in popcorn. Important genes identified, such as HDT1, SWEET4a, GSTs, SAD9, PIP2-2, CASP-like 5, and AGP, may benefit molecular assisted popcorn breeding or be useful in biotechnological approaches. These findings offer insights into the mechanisms of Al tolerance in popcorn and provide a ‘hypothesis-free’ strategy for identifying and prioritizing candidate genes that could be used to develop molecular markers or cultivars resilient to acidic soils.
Advances in power-to-gas technologies: cost and conversion efficiency
Authors: Glenk Gunther , Holler Philip , Reichelstein Stefan
Published: November 2023

This paper examines the cost and efficiency dynamics of three prevalent Power-to-Gas technologies. Our results suggest that electrolytic hydrogen production costs will approach but not reach the U.S. Department of Energy's $1.0/kg target by 2030.
Unveiling the flavone-solubilizing effects of α-glucosyl rutin and hesperidin: probing structural differences through NMR and SAXS analyses
Authors: Kadota Kazunori , Kämäräinen Tero , Sakuma Fumie , Ueda Keisuke , Higashi Kenjirou , Moribe Kunikazu , Uchiyama Hiromasa , Minoura Katsuhiko , Tozuka Yuichi
Published: November 2023

We are assessing flavone dissolution, by probing the interactions with Rutin-G and Hsp-G in aqueous solutions. Small-angle X-ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed that the solubilizing effect of Rutin-G was higher than that of Hsp-G.
Zwitterionic metal covalent organic frameworks constructed from lithium salts to reinforce poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene carbonate) composite polymer electrolytes
Authors: Liu Hui , Jing Li , Liu Juanjuan , Guo Hongxing , Li Tao , Zhang Xiaojie
Published: November 2023

Li+ was coordinated with zwitterionic part (squaric acid) of HUT4 by mechanical grinding to form metal covalent organic frameworks (HUT4Li), which was used as filler of PEO and PPC to improve the ionic conductivity of composite polymer electrolytes.
Recent advances in catalytic and non-catalytic epoxidation of terpenes: a pathway to bio-based polymers from waste biomass
Authors: Mukhtar Gunam Resul Mohamad Faiz , Rehman Abdul , Saleem Faisal , Usman Muhammd , López Fernández Ana María , Eze Valentine C. , Harvey Adam P.
Published: November 2023

Epoxides derived from waste biomass are a promising avenue for the production of bio-based polymers, including polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates.
Novel H2S sensing mechanism derived from the formation of oligomeric sulfide capping the surface of gold nanourchins
Authors: Park Hana , Yoon Su-Jin , Nam Yun-Sik , Lee Ji Yeong , Lee Yeonhee , Kim Jin Young , Lee Kang-Bong
Published: November 2023

A gold nanourchin (AuNU) probe with a novel sensing mechanism for monitoring H2S was developed as a feasible colorimetric sensor.
Co3O4@SnO2/graphdiyne type-II heterojunction and p–n heterojunction jointly enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production: Co–O–Sn bond as a bridge for electron transfer
Authors: Guo Xin , Xiao Qian , Yang Tingting , Sun Yantao , Jin Zhiliang
Published: November 2023

Various characterization methods were used to study the photocatalytic reaction mechanism of Co3O4@SnO2/GDY composite photocatalysts. The interface Co–O–Sn bond acts as a bridge for photogenerated electron transfer, whilst GDY promotes charge transfer and enables efficient H2 production.
Joint trajectory design and spectrum allocation for unmanned aerial vehicle task efficiency
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Yong , Zhang Xianyu , He Panfeng , Zhang Yu
Published: November 2023

In unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐assisted wireless sensor networks (WSNs), UAVs are employed to collect sensing data from each sensor node (SN). Because of limited battery capacity, shortening the time of data collection by the UAV is necessary. Notably, the task completion time is related to UAV trajectory and spectrum allocation. In this paper, joint trajectory design and spectrum allocation is studied to minimize the task completion time of UAVs while ensuring the target upload data amount for each SN. The cases that all SNs are located within the communication range of a UAV is explored first; the formulated problem is non‐convex and difficult to solve directly. Hence, an iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent and successive convex approximation is proposed to decompose and transformed the original problem into two convex optimizations. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is applied to the general case that all SNs are widely distributed by leveraging the spiral algorithm and traveling salesman problem technique. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the task time of UAV compared to other benchmark algorithms.
Coordinated planning method considering flexible resources of active distribution network and soft open point integrated with energy storage system
Authors: Huang Zitong , Xu Yonghai , Chen Lin , Ye Xingjie
Published: November 2023

Faced with the uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic power output and load fluctuation caused by the increase of new energy penetration in active distribution network, the demand for operational flexibility and the construction demand for flexible resources of distribution network are gradually increasing. The flexible operation of active distribution network can be realized by coordinated planning of the soft open point integrated with energy storage system (ESOP) and flexible resources. Firstly, the flexibility resource adjustability evaluation and margin indicators are proposed for the response model of typical flexibility resources. Secondly, a two‐stage distributionally robust coordinated planning model considering the coordination planning scheme of distributed generation, flexibility resource, and ESOP as well as the comprehensive norm uncertainty of wind power and photovoltaic outputs multi‐operation scenarios is established with the distribution network construction cost, annual operation cost, and annual power sales revenue as the objective functions meanwhile the investment and flexibility resource operation as constraints. Finally, the column constraint generation algorithm is used to solve the problem, and the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by the modified IEEE33 node system.
Integrated semi‐quantum layered communication
Authors: Bala Rajni , Asthana Sooryansh , Ravishankar V.
Published: November 2023

In recent times, secure quantum communication in layered networks has emerged as an important area of study. The authors harness the potential offered by multidimensional states in secure quantum communication with only one quantum participant and all the other classical participants. Three protocols are proposed for—(i) entanglement‐based layered semi‐quantum key distribution, (ii) layered semi‐quantum secret sharing, and (iii) integrated layered semi‐quantum key distribution and secret sharing to share secret information in arbitrarily layered networks. These protocols integrate the features of semi‐quantum communication in layered networks. All three protocols allow for simultaneous distribution of secure information in all the layers of a network, thanks to the employment of multidimensional states. These protocols are presented for a small network of at most five participants and three layers and show the robustness of the same against various eavesdropping strategies. Finally, a detailed procedure is provided for generalisations of the proposed protocols to distribute keys/secrets in any arbitrarily structured quantum network.
The XXL Survey
Authors: Adam R. , Ricci M. , Eckert D. , Ade P. , Ajeddig H. , Altieri B. , André P. , Artis E. , Aussel H. , Beelen A. , Benoist C. , Benoît A. , Berta S. , Bing L. , Birkinshaw M. , Bourrion O. , Boutigny D. , Bremer M. , Calvo M. , Cappi A. , Catalano A. , De Petris M. , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Driessen E. F. C. , Faccioli L. , Ferrari C. , Gastaldello F. , Giles P. , Gomez A. , Goupy J. , Hahn O. , Hanser C. , Horellou C. , Kéruzoré F. , Koulouridis E. , Kramer C. , Ladjelate B. , Lagache G. , Leclercq S. , Lestrade J.-F. , Macías-Pérez J. F. , Madden S. , Maughan B. , Maurogordato S. , Maury A. , Mauskopf P. , Monfardini A. , Muñoz-Echeverría M. , Pacaud F. , Perotto L. , Pierre M. , Pisano G. , Pompei E. , Ponthieu N. , Revéret V. , Rigby A. , Ritacco A. , Romero C. , Roussel H. , Ruppin F. , Sereno M. , Schuster K. , Sievers A. , Tintoré Vidal G. , Tucker C. , Zylka R.
Published: November 2023

Context. The thermodynamical properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) are driven by scale-free gravitational collapse, but they also reflect the rich astrophysical processes at play in galaxy clusters. At low masses (∼1014 M⊙) and high redshift (z ≳ 1), these properties remain poorly constrained, observationally speaking, due to the difficulty in obtaining resolved and sensitive data.

Aims. We aim to investigate the inner structure of the ICM as seen through the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect in this regime of mass and redshift. We focused on the thermal pressure profile and the scaling relation between SZ flux and mass, namely the YSZ − M scaling relation.

Methods. The three galaxy clusters XLSSC 072 (z = 1.002), XLSSC 100 (z = 0.915), and XLSSC 102 (z = 0.969), with M500 ∼ 2 × 1014 M⊙, were selected from the XXL X-ray survey and observed with the NIKA2 millimeter camera to image their SZ signal. XMM-Newton X-ray data were used as a complement to the NIKA2 data to derive masses based on the YX − M relation and the hydrostatic equilibrium.

Results. The SZ images of the three clusters, along with the X-ray and optical data, indicate dynamical activity related to merging events. The pressure profile is consistent with that expected for morphologically disturbed systems, with a relatively flat core and a shallow outer slope. Despite significant disturbances in the ICM, the three high-redshift low-mass clusters follow the YSZ − M relation expected from standard evolution remarkably well.

Conclusions. These results indicate that the dominant physics that drives cluster evolution is already in place by z ∼ 1, at least for systems with masses above M500 ∼ 1014 M⊙.
Kombucha fermentation of mulberry leaves and its effect on the content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of flavonoid extracts
Authors: Ru Lin
Published: November 2023

As the main drug for the treatment of type II diabetes, presently used α-glucosidase. inhibitors generally have serious side effects. Developing new, effective, safe, and economical α-glucosidase inhibitors from medicinal and edible plant resources have become a research hotspot. In this paper, Kombucha was used for the fermentation of dried mulberry leaves (ML-DS) and fresh mulberry leaves (ML-FS), with the aim of increasing the content and α-glucosidase inhibitory efficiency of active substances in ML.The research results indicated that both dried and fresh mulberry could be used as fermentation substrates for Kombucha, especially ML-FS. After 12 d of fermentation, pH value and reducing sugar concentration of the ML-FS was rapidly decreased from 6.46 to 2.78 and from 108.43 ± 5.33 mg/ml to 19.40 ± 1.67 mg/ml, respectively. As for the total flavonoid content in the extract of ML (MLF), the MLF content in the ML-FS that fermented for 12 d (ML-D12-FS) was increased by 49.46% compared to that in the unfermented ML (ML-D0-FS). Meanwhile, Kombucha fermentation also can significantly improve the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of MLF. At the concentration of 45.6 mg/L, the inhibition rate of ML-D12-FS on α-glucosidase reached to 85.88%, and the IC50 value decreased to 5.5 mg/L which was 16.7 mg/L for ML-D0-FS. This paper would provide an economical and green method for the production of α-glucosidase inhibitors from mulberry leaves.
Identification and Characterization of Apple Anthracnose Resistance Genes
Authors: Zhang Ziti
Published: November 2023

Apple is the most widely planted fruit tree in China. Apple anthracnose which caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the major pathogens causing apple fruit rot and yield loss. In this study, we identified and cloned the Pectinesterase Inhibitor 6-like gene from populations of ‘Fuhan’ and ‘Micui’apples. The Pectinesterase Inhibitor 6-like protein fused to a green fluorescent protein was localized in the cell membrane. The fluorescence quantitative results showed that the expression of Pectinesterase Inhibitor 6-like gene was the highest in sepals and the lowest in styles. The resistant strain was obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated stabilized genetic transformation, and the DNA level identification further proved that the resistant strain was a positive strain successfully transformed.
Application of Centrifugation and Soilless Filtration Technologies in the Beer Production Process and Empirical Research on Their Impact on Beer Quality
Authors: Li Huabin
Published: November 2023

By delving into the centrifugation and diatomaceous earth-free filtration techniques in various crucial aspects of beer production, this study aims to quantify their impacts on beer quality and environmental sustainability. Firstly, the effectiveness of these techniques in enhancing beer clarity and stability is compared through experiments, with a detailed analysis of their precision and chemical mechanisms in removing suspended particles. Additionally, their advantages in regulating beer taste and retaining flavor compounds are explored through sensory evaluation and chemical composition analysis. Most importantly, the focus is on sustainability and environmental friendliness, revealing the advantages of diatomaceous earth-free filtration techniques in reducing environmental burdens and carbon footprints through a comparison of filter material usage, waste generation, and energy efficiency. The results provide essential scientific evidence for the brewing industry to support its transition towards a more sustainable and eco-friendly direction. Centrifugation and diatomaceous earth-free filtration are two important innovations in modern brewing industry, playing a critical role in improving beer quality and production efficiency. In traditional beer production, the removal of suspended solids and liquid separation are crucial steps, and centrifugation and diatomaceous earth-free filtration technologies provide brewers with more precise and controllable tools. Centrifugation, as an efficient solid-liquid separation device, has been widely applied in the beer production process. It separates suspended yeast, proteins, and impurities from the fermenting liquid through centrifugal force, significantly enhancing beer clarity and stability. Furthermore, centrifugation can be used to control yeast concentration, thus influencing the flavor characteristics of beer, offering brewers more options for process control. Meanwhile, diatomaceous earth-free filtration is a revolutionary process that eliminates the use of traditional filter aids like silica or bone char, opting for more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives. This technology employs microfiltration membranes, nanomaterials, or other efficient filtration media to effectively remove suspended solids while retaining yeast and other beneficial components, thereby preserving beer’s texture and flavor characteristics.
A study on the Development of Biopharmaceutical Companies Based on the Context of Big Data
Authors: Li Weichao
Published: November 2023

Based on the requirements of the computer technology background in the new era, this paper takes Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises as the research object, outlines the general characteristics of innovation in Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises, and analyses the current situation of innovation development in biopharmaceutical enterprises from four aspects: policy, economy, society and technology, followed by an analysis of the current problems faced by innovation in Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises and the reasons for their generation. Based on literature research, theoretical studies and analysis of the causes of the current innovation problems of Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises, the factors affecting the innovation performance of Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises are summarised. The specifics of the conditional variables, as well as the outcome variables, are then identified according to the specific manifestations of poor innovation performance of biopharmaceutical firms. Finally, corresponding countermeasures are proposed in terms of the level of corporate R&D investment, the level of financing channels, the level of government policy support, and the internal management of biopharmaceutical companies, in conjunction with the characteristics of different path models. This paper combines the big data foundation to research and analyse the development of biopharmaceutical enterprises, laying a new research foundation and providing a more efficient research path for the development of the biopharmaceutical industry.
Study on the Informatization Construction of Public Stomatological Medical Institutions in China
Authors: Guo Qianqian , Li Le , Zhang Liangming , Zhang Zhongxuan , Zhang Runbin , Liang Huibin , Wu Zijian , Zhang Manli
Published: November 2023

With the deepening of healthcare system reform in China, the competition in the oral healthcare market is becoming stronger day by day. The public hospital is the main body of the medical service system in China, its degree of informatization greatly affects rational market competition and then affects the allocation of resources and the quality of medical service. By analyzing the problems existing in the current informatization of China’s public stomatological medical institutions, this paper discusses how to strengthen the informatization of China’s public stomatological medical institutions, and puts forward targeted optimization measures, to provide a reference for the innovation and development of smart hospital construction of the stomatological industry.
Observations on Vertebrates at Padang Chong Forest Reserve, Perak
Authors: Azahar Muhammad Asyraff , Azman Mohammad Shahfiz , Ahmad Ruzman Nor Hazwani , Appanan Manoshini , Zam Beri Anis Zafirah , Baharudin Muhammad Syaridzwan , Rosli Rosnizam , Samihon Syamirul Azhar , Gara Shahril , Samihon Shahnurafil , Eliah Azrul Ekhuan , Kamaruzzaman Mohd Faiz
Published: November 2023

Observations on wildlife especially on arboreal and nocturnal species can generate important information especially in a forest reserve. Therefore, observations using binoculars (daytime) and torchlight (night) at Padang Chong Forest Reserve (PCFR) were carried out during five sessions in the months of June until November 2022. These activities were carried out at two sites namely P1 (500m from the forest edge) and P2 (500m up to 1000m from the forest edge). As a result, 65 species from 41 families were recorded. Of these, avifauna recorded 42 species from 23 families, mammals (nine species, seven families), amphibians (five species, five families), and reptiles (nine species, six families). Of these, there are 11 species had been classified as threatened species, where mammals with six threatened species followed by avifauna with four threatened species and herpetofauna with single threatened species. This study also shows that forest interior harbor the higher species richness of vertebrates with 91% (of the total species recorded) compare to forest edge that only consist of 11% (of the total species recorded) This information does not represent the whole wildlife community in PCFR. However, with this information, further monitoring can be carried out to better understand the wildlife communities in PCFR. Therefore, actions and strategies can be formulated to conserve this habitat for wildlife and future generations.
The Growth Performance of Pineapple Seedlings Planted with Mycorrhizae and Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertiliser
Authors: Azman Ar-Razzi , Rosli Fazidah , Abu Bakar Tengku Halimatun Sa’adiah T , Hamzah Nur Masriyah , Abdul Aziz Noorshilawati , Darus Noor Azimah , Minhad Nurulatika
Published: November 2023

Pineapple stands as a promising crop with potential for widespread cultivation across Malaysia. Nevertheless, factors like the elevated cost of fertilisers and certain environmental challenges have acted as obstacles to pineapple production within the country. The application of mycorrhiza presents an opportunity to curtail fertilisers usage and thereby mitigate environmental strain. This study seeks to assess the impact of mycorrhiza on pineapple growth and determine an optimal Phosphorus (P) fertilisers rate that complements mycorrhizal activity, all while enhancing pineapple growth. A randomised block design with six replications was employed. The study maintained a consistent mycorrhiza application rate of 5 g/plant but varied the Phosphorus fertilisers rate. Data on leaf length, plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight were collected and subjected to analysis. The study, conducted over a four-month period at UiTM Jengka, Pahang, culminated in results analysed through Microsoft Excel and MINITAB. Notably, Treatment 3 displayed the most robust growth performance across leaf length, plant height, and fresh weight. However, Treatment 5 emerged as the optimal choice for enhancing dry plant weight.
Distribution and Diversity of Family Rubiaceae in Pulau Banding, Gerik, Perak
Authors: Nek Adek Nik Badrul , Awang Afrina , Zulkeflee Nur Hafizah , Ismail Nur Akilah , Hamzah Zulhazman , Eh Rak Aweng , Abdul Karim Muhammad Firdaus , Amaludin Nazahatul Anis
Published: November 2023

The distribution and diversity of the Rubiaceae species were investigated along one trail at Pulau Banding, Gerik, Perak. This study aims to identify and estimate the diversity of the Rubiaceae species. The diversity and distribution of the Rubiaceae species were calculated using Shannon-Wiener’s Diversity Index, Simpson's Diversity Index and relative abundance index. A total of 139 individuals from nine species were recorded from Pulau Banding, Perak which are Mitracarpus hirtus, Gardenia carinata, Aidia densiflora, Hypobathrum hirtum, Coffea arabica, Psychotria marginata, Lasianthus constrictus, Porterandia anisophyllea and Ixora finlaysoniana. The values of the Shannon-Wiener’s Diversity Index (H′) and Simpson's Diversity Index (D) are 1.55 and 3.27, respectively. This indicates that M. hirtus is the most dominant species, encompassing 49% of all recorded Rubiaceae. Since it has many benefits such as food, timber, medicine, and the diversity of conservation value, this is vital as baseline data for researchers to propose solutions to the stakeholders and conservation sustainability of the Rubiaceae family as plant resources in Pulau Banding, Perak.
Boron removal from produce water through adsorption
Authors: Saleh Al-dhawi Baker Nasser , Mohamed Kutty Shamsul Rahman , Baloo Lavania , Mohammed Yahya Almahbashi Najib , Mohsen Alawag Aawag , Saeed Ghaleb Aiban Abdulhakim , Hussaini Jagaba Ahmad , Abdulrahman Al-Mekhlafi Al-Baraa
Published: November 2023

Boron (B) is essential for the development and functioning of organisms, involving their growth, health, and development of plants, animals, and humans. Nevertheless, the increasing use of boron in various applications has led to environmental problems and health issues. Several separation technologies have been employed to remove boron, and adsorption is one such technology that utilizes adsorbents to address solutions containing extremely low levels of boron. This finding investigates the residual boron from a synthesized solution through adsorption, using CRB05 as the adsorbent. The impact of adsorbent dosage, contact time, boron concentration, and pH on residual boron was examined. The findings indicate that the pH plays a substantial role impact on the residual boron efficiency from all adsorbents. The highest residual of boron was achieved at pH 4.5, adsorbent dosage 1125 mg/L, time 255 minutes, and concentration 1150 mg/L with 98% removal. Adsorption of boron using CRB05 proved to be an effective method for recovering boron from the synthesis solution. The findings of this study enhance our comprehension of the adsorption behavior of CRB05 and provide insights into the optimal operating conditions for efficient boron removal.
The Value of Services for Water Catchments for Kedah Permanent Forest Reserves
Authors: Adnan Norliyana , Mamat Mohd Parid
Published: November 2023

Kedah’s forest area for water catchments plays an important role as it serves the demand of water for the state of Kedah, Penang and Perlis intended for domestic, agricultural and industrial used. Forest plays an important role as water catchment not only providing water in term of quantity but also provides the good quality of clean water. This process called purification services. But, how to assess the important of the services based on its value, because most of ecosystem services are not monetized. Therefore, this paper aims to estimate regulating services value of Kedah’s Permanent Reserved Forest (PRF) as water catchment especially for domestic used. The information of 36 Water Treatment Plants (WTP) intakes data collected and information of forest land uses from National Forest Inventory (NFI) were used as data input for the analysis. A comparative analysis results the value of services for water purification services for Kedah’s PRF is RM49,140,171/year, approximately RM 21.93/hectare/year. Results show a significant impact to protect catchment areas within forest reserves for clean water.
The relationship between plant and humans in indoor environment: A pilot test during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yeo L.B. , Ling G.H.T. , Ghafar A. Abd , Mohamed S.A. , Othmani N.I. , Hamid N.H. Abdul , Mohamad W.S.N. Wan , Hasan R. , Aziz S.
Published: November 2023

Little to no studies have examined the relationship between plants and humans during COVID-19, especially the effectiveness of plants in alleviating psychological distress when working in an office. The paper proposes a conceptual framework to investigate the existence of plants to reduce occupants' psychological distress during the pandemic. The selected site was a newly renovated office in an academic institution with all the essential furniture, and Epipremnum aureum was placed on the tabletop. Since the study was conducted during the pandemic, a 3D-rendered scene of the room was developed based on the actual settings of the office. A pilot test was employed in this stage of the study. The survey questionnaires were administered online, with 106 participants responding. Hayes Process Macro for moderation analysis was executed in SPSS v.23 to understand plant relationship with perceived emotional change, including the mediator-room's attractiveness. The pilot test results (actual and simulated models) show that putting E. aureum on a tabletop can positively influence the calmness of the indoor occupants and make them happy (direct effect). Plants that improve the room's attractiveness might not necessarily contribute to calming the indoor occupants, but they make them happy (indirect effect). Lastly, the conceptual framework provides insight to the designers, stakeholders, and policymakers on the importance of plants in reducing occupants' psychological distress and enhancing work productivity.
Preliminary assessment of nursery workers’ exposure to applied pesticides
Authors: Kamaruldzaman Izzatul Nazirah , Ya’acob Siti Hajar , Wong Hie Ling
Published: November 2023

Nursery workers can be exposed to pesticides via skin contact and respiratory inhalation when they mixing/loading pesticide product(s) and applying pesticide solution on a single spraying day. This study investigates how pesticide usage and agricultural practices among nursery workers affect their exposure to and potential health risk of pesticides applied over a 2-month period. Ten workers from different nurseries were involved in both personal interview and questionnaire survey to collect data for exposure modelling purposes. On a single spraying day, individuals’ total daily exposure to single active substances ranged from 0.002 to 0.024 mg kg-bw-1 day-1, mainly constituted of pesticide exposure during application activities (57.3 – 99.9% of total daily exposure). The total daily exposures were assessed against the respective acceptable operator exposure levels (AOELs) for single active substances. Overall, four nursery workers had at least one active substance application that exceeded the AOEL, indicating health risk is possible. While respondents generally worn long sleeves and long pants as the basic protective measures, the exceedances were likely caused by the usage of hazardous active substance (i.e., cypermethrin) and wettable powder formulation, and improper use of gloves. Future studies can consider the influence of different nursery plants on workers’ exposure to pesticides handled.
Sensory Integration - Incorporate nature into child’s sensory integration therapy for sensory processing input: A case study in SRK Bukit Payung, Terengganu
Authors: Othmani Nurul Izzati , Mohamad Wan Saiful Nizam Wan , Abdul Hamid Nor Hamizah , Ramlee Noorliyana , Yeo Lee Bak , Khairuddin Muhammad Rizal , Ibrahim Ismi Luqman Hamadi , Noordin Mohd Azri Mohd Jain , Othmani Iylia Athirah
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the number of special needs students and how a sensory garden can Incorporate nature into a child’s sensory integration therapy for sensory processing input. The case study was conducted at Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan Bukit Payong which offers specialized classes for students with special needs. The objectives of this study are to identify types of special needs students in this school and to provide or design an environment that incorporates natural elements as a therapeutic approach by engaging students in physical activities that facilitate the management of sensory input. Method used in this study are content analysis to understand sensory integration and sensory garden, semi structured interview identified the numbers of special needs students in this school. The outcomes of this study entail the identification of distinct types of special needs students present at Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan Bukit Payong This information serves as a foundation for developing learning spaces that are tailored to the specific needs of these students, thereby improving their focus and concentration in the classroom by providing a sensory garden. Additionally, the study introduces a sensory integration design that incorporates activities aimed at assisting children in mastering the more challenging learning tasks. Such activities contribute to the development of cognitive abilities, language skills, gross motor skills, and social interaction that is facilitated through the transfer of expert knowledge.
Improving Campus Sustainability and Resilience by Selecting Climate - Appropriate Plants
Authors: Hasan Ramly , Yeo Lee Bak , Othmani Nurul Izzati , Mohamed Syahidah Amni , Awang Ayub , Aziz Nor Diana
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the planting species in a campus environment and assess their suitability for enhancing the quality of life. The study area chosen for this research is the Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Campus Bachok, Kelantan. The objectives of this study are to identify the functions of planting at campus area and to make the suggestions of right planting selection. Using mix methods approach, survey and expert interviews was used to collect data in order to address the objectives to the fullest extent possible. A total of 200 respondents, including both staff and students from the faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, took part in the survey. The results shows the thirteen (13) dominant of planting species located around the campus area which are Samanea saman (Rain tree), Salix babylonica (Chinese weeping willow), Terminalia Mantaly (Umbrella tree), Khaya senegalensis (Mohagany), Tabebuai rosea (Trumpet tree), Acacia mangium (Brown salwood), Hopea odorata (Merawan siput jantan), Filicium decipiens (Fern tree), Syzygium polyanthum (Salam tree), Plumeria Frangipani (Kemboja), Schizolobium parahyba (Yellow jacaranda), Ixora Javanica (Siantan), Monoon Longifolium (Mempisang). Results indicate that functions of planting such as a barrier between roads, provided shaded area and to prevent landslide on the shore of the lake.
The research design of downstream minerals and processing locations in Indonesia
Authors: Hamdani Ahmad Helman
Published: November 2023

Mineral downstream is a strategy to increase the added value of commodities owned by a country. With downstream, exported commodities are no longer raw materials but have become semi-finished goods. The construction of mineral processing facilities is a statutory mandate that must be obeyed and implemented. Mineral raw materials are processed domestically to provide added value and more meaningful benefits for Indonesians. The implementation of various policies recently issued by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia which aims to encourage downstream mineral processing in Indonesia requires research proposals to better back up and sustain policy making in this field. This paper highlights a broader understanding of downstream mineral processing location determination. Regarding to the relationship between trade theory and geographic economics is necessary to get a whole illustration of the elements where mineral processing in downstream industries must be optimized. So, the downstream process will become more attractive for the mining industry.
Sustainability Awareness on Fashion Brands: The Perception of Young Malaysian Consumers
Authors: Zain Mohd Zaimmudin Mohd , Hassan Hanisa , Amri Norhasliyana Hazlin Zainal , Drahman Mohd Hafiz , Hasbullah Sarah Wahida , Sulaiman Nurulahda , Jamaludin Nor Sofiatul Akma , Zain Rosmaizura Mohd , Ramli Ainon , Hapiz Hana Yazmeen
Published: November 2023

Despite uncertainty and changeability, fashion is one of the world's most popular and in-demand industries. However, this industry is also known as one the most significant contributors to pollution or wastage due to the process of making the textile or clothing, for example, the volume of water consumed, pesticides, or chemicals involved. The overconsumption of fashion products and the low awareness level have caused environmental problems. Therefore, actions need to be taken to slow down or curb these issues, such as by practicing sustainability. Recycling, upcycling, and choosing slow fashion or pre-love items will contribute to fashion sustainability. Nevertheless, studies on the awareness of fashion sustainability still need to be included, for instance, among consumers in Malaysia. This study aims to explore the young Malaysian consumers' perception of sustainability awareness of fashion brands. This study uses a qualitative approach by interviewing 20 respondents. The finding reveals that most respondents have mixed reactions towards fashion sustainability regarding knowledge and practice. Moreover, this study demonstrates that the motivation for practicing fashion sustainability must be highlighted to encourage or educate consumers. This study also indicates that the knowledge of sustainability should be emphasised from the beginning of education to grow and maintain awareness. Finally, the current study explores the effectiveness of social media in spreading the fashion sustainability, as it is the leading platform used by the young generation to connect or look for information. In conclusion, the findings are relevant for academia and the fashion industry as a guideline for consumers and businesses to practice sustainability.