bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Textile Waste to Resource: A Methodological Approach of Research and Experimentation
Authors: Tedesco Silvia , Montacchini Elena
Published: December 2020

The transition to a circular economy shifts the focus onto reusing, renewing and recycling existing materials and products, considering waste as a resource. In this context, this article aims to describe the life cycle approach’s potential for the development of new building products from textile waste, one of the most environmentally impacting activities at a global level, both in relation to the processes that characterise the supply chain and in relation to pre- and post-consumption waste. This article outlines the research methodology adopted by the cluster “From textile waste to resource” of the Department of Architecture and Design, Politecnico di Torino, through the description of research projects carried out in partnership with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In particular, it highlights the methodological approach adopted in a “grave to cradle” logic, in which the waste from one process becomes a new resource for another. This article highlights some open issues related to the limits and potential of the use of the life cycle approach as a “tool” to compare different options in a preliminary experimental research phase, to verify the environmental impacts of new materials and products made from recycled materials, and to compare new options with similar solutions available on the market.
Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management
Authors: Tessfaw Zewdu Abebe , Beyene Abebe , Nebiyu Amsalu , Pikoń Krzysztof , Landrat Marcin
Published: December 2020

Biochar is a way to improve the performance of the composting process and the quality of compost. This study was aimed to investigate the optimum ratio of khat straw (Catha edulis) biochar and organic municipal solid waste mixtures to improve the quality of the resulting co-composts. Khat-derived biochar during pyrolysis at 350 °C was added to organic municipal solid waste mix and four co-composting treatments were prepared with the compositions (% w/w): control compost (no biochar) and 5%, 15%, and 25% co-composted biochar in three replicates. The total organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium values ranged as 16.76–21.45%, 30.77–40.26%, 0.97–1.68%, 0.58–0.76%, and 12.72–15.29%, respectively. The results confirmed that 5% and 15% co-composted khat biochars had significantly reduced (p < 0.05) organic matter loss and increased the contents of cation exchange capacity, pH, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and zinc compared to the control compost, while some heavy metals (Fe, Cu, and Mn) and EC values in co-composted biochars are lower than the control compost. Khat-derived biochar could be added to municipal organic waste mix at 5–15% (w/w) in order to get better quality of compost, which can be used as biofertilizer.
Driving the Transition to a Circular Economic Model: A Systematic Review on Drivers and Critical Success Factors in Circular Economy
Authors: Aloini Davide , Dulmin Riccardo , Mininno Valeria , Stefanini Alessandro , Zerbino Pierluigi
Published: December 2020

The circular economy (CE) is arising as a novel economic system that is restorative by design. In light of its capability to boost sustainable economic development and to cope with environmental challenges, it has recently attracted increasing attention from academics, practitioners, policymakers, and intergovernmental organizations. Despite the wide speculation on this issue, the scientific literature lacks a wide-ranging, systematic, and updated identification and classification of the main drivers and Critical Success Factors of CE initiatives, which appears increasingly necessary to facilitate future scientific work, practical implementations, and policy guidelines. With this aim, this paper develops a systematic literature review by starting with over 400 manuscripts. A final set of 55 selected papers was selected for singling out and classifying drivers and Critical Success Factors in the CE context. The results may provide clear indications for further research, may help business organizations in evaluating CE initiatives, and may guide policy makers in developing and refining CE normative frameworks.
Mathematical Model for Regular and Irregular PV Arrays with Improved Calculation Speed
Authors: Trejos-Grisales Luz Adriana , Bastidas-Rodríguez Juan David , Ramos-Paja Carlos Andrés
Published: December 2020

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are usually developed by configuring the PV arrays with regular connection schemes, such as series-parallel, total cross-tied, bridge-linked, among others. Such a strategy is aimed at increasing the power that is generated by the PV system under partial shading conditions, since the power production changes depending on the connection scheme. Moreover, irregular and non-common connection schemes could provide higher power production for irregular (but realistic) shading conditions that aere caused by threes or other objects. However, there are few mathematical models that are able to predict the power production of different configurations and reproduce the behavior of both regular and irregular PV arrays. Those general array models are slow due to the large amount of computations that are needed to find the PV current for a given PV voltage. Therefore, this paper proposes a general mathematical model to predict the power production of regular and irregular PV arrays, which provides a faster calculation in comparison with the general models that were reported in the literature, but without reducing the prediction accuracy. The proposed modeling approach is based on detecting the inflection points that are caused by the bypass diodes activation, which enables to narrow the range in which the modules voltages are searched, thus reducing the calculation time. Therefore, this fast model is useful in designing the fixed connections of PV arrays that are subjected to shading conditions, in order to reconfigure the PV array in real-time, depending on the shading pattern, among other applications. The proposed solution is validated by comparing the results with another general model and with a circuital implementation of the PV system.
Preferring and Detecting Face Symmetry: Comparing Children and Adults Judging Human and Monkey Faces
Authors: Little Anthony C. , Griffey Jack A. F.
Published: December 2020

Background: Visual symmetry is often found attractive. Symmetry may be preferred either due to a bias in the visual system or due to evolutionary selection pressures related to partner preference. Simple perceptual bias views predict that symmetry preferences should be similar across types of stimuli and unlikely to be related to factors such as age. Methods: The current study examined preferences for symmetry across age groups (pre-puberty vs post-puberty) and stimuli type (human face vs monkey face). Pairs of images manipulated for symmetry were presented and participants asked to choose the image they preferred. Participants repeated the task and were asked to detect symmetry. Results: Both age of observer and stimuli type were associated with symmetry preferences. Older observers had higher preferences for symmetry but preferred it most in human vs monkey stimuli. Across both age groups, symmetry preferences and detection abilities were weakly related. Conclusions: The study supports some ideas from an evolutionary advantage view of symmetry preference, whereby symmetry is expected be higher for potential partners (here human faces) and higher post-puberty when partner choice becomes more relevant. Such potentially motivational based preferences challenge perceptual bias explanations as a sole explanation for symmetry preferences but may occur alongside them.
The Cauchy Problem for the Generalized Hyperbolic Novikov–Veselov Equation via the Moutard Symmetries
Authors: Yurova Alla A. , Yurov Artyom V. , Yurov Valerian A.
Published: December 2020

We begin by introducing a new procedure for construction of the exact solutions to Cauchy problem of the real-valued (hyperbolic) Novikov–Veselov equation which is based on the Moutard symmetry. The procedure shown therein utilizes the well-known Airy function Ai(ξ) which in turn serves as a solution to the ordinary differential equation d2zdξ2=ξz. In the second part of the article we show that the aforementioned procedure can also work for the n-th order generalizations of the Novikov–Veselov equation, provided that one replaces the Airy function with the appropriate solution of the ordinary differential equation dn−1zdξn−1=ξz.
Hypersonic Imaging and Emission Spectroscopy of Hydrogen and Cyanide Following Laser-Induced Optical Breakdown
Authors: Parigger Christian G. , Helstern Christopher M. , Gautam Ghaneshwar
Published: December 2020

This work communicates the connection of measured shadowgraphs from optically induced air breakdown with emission spectroscopy in selected gas mixtures. Laser-induced optical breakdown is generated using 850 and 170 mJ, 6 ns pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm, the shadowgraphs are recorded using time-delayed 5 ns pulses at a wavelength of 532 nm and a digital camera, and emission spectra are recorded for typically a dozen of discrete time-delays from optical breakdown by employing an intensified charge-coupled device. The symmetry of the breakdown event can be viewed as close-to spherical symmetry for time-delays of several 100 ns. Spectroscopic analysis explores well-above hypersonic expansion dynamics using primarily the diatomic molecule cyanide and atomic hydrogen emission spectroscopy. Analysis of the air breakdown and selected gas breakdown events permits the use of Abel inversion for inference of the expanding species distribution. Typically, species are prevalent at higher density near the hypersonically expanding shockwave, measured by tracing cyanide and a specific carbon atomic line. Overall, recorded air breakdown shadowgraphs are indicative of laser-plasma expansion in selected gas mixtures, and optical spectroscopy delivers analytical insight into plasma expansion phenomena.
Engineering an Effective Human SNAP-23 Cleaving Botulinum Neurotoxin A Variant
Authors: Sikorra Stefan , Donald Sarah , Elliott Mark , Schwede Susan , Coker Shu-Fen , Kupinski Adam P. , Tripathi Vineeta , Foster Keith , Beard Matthew , Binz Thomas
Published: December 2020

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) serotype A inhibits neurotransmitter release by cleaving SNAP-25 and represents an established pharmaceutical for treating medical conditions caused by hyperactivity of cholinergic nerves. Oversecretion from non-neuronal cells is often also the cause of diseases. Notably, excessive release of inflammatory messengers is thought to contribute to diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, diabetes etc. The expansion of its application to these medical conditions is prevented because the major non-neuronal SNAP-25 isoform responsible for exocytosis, SNAP-23, is, in humans, virtually resistant to BoNT/A. Based on previous structural data and mutagenesis studies of SNAP-23 we optimized substrate binding pockets of the enzymatic domain for interaction with SNAP-23. Systematic mutagenesis and rational design yielded the mutations E148Y, K166F, S254A, and G305D, each of which individually increased the activity of LC/A against SNAP-23 between 3- to 23-fold. The assembled quadruple mutant showed approximately 2000-fold increased catalytic activity against human SNAP-23 in in vitro cleavage assays. A comparable increase in activity was recorded for the full-length BoNT/A quadruple mutant tested in cultivated primary neurons transduced with a fluorescently tagged-SNAP-23 encoding gene. Equipped with a suitable targeting domain this quadruple mutant promises to complete successfully tests in cells of the immune system.
Can Coronaviruses Steal Genes from the Host as Evidenced in Western European Hedgehogs by EriCoV Genetic Characterization?
Authors: De Sabato Luca , Di Bartolo Ilaria , De Marco Maria Alessandra , Moreno Ana , Lelli Davide , Cotti Claudia , Delogu Mauro , Vaccari Gabriele
Published: December 2020

Due to their need for living cells, viruses have developed adaptive evolutionary strategies to survive and perpetuate in reservoir hosts that play a crucial role in the ecology of emerging pathogens. Pathogenic and potentially pandemic betacoronaviruses arose in humans in 2002 (SARS-CoV, disappeared in July 2003), 2012 (MERS-CoV, still circulating in Middle East areas), and 2019 (SARS-CoV-2, causing the current global pandemic). As universally recognized, bats host ancestors of the above-mentioned zoonotic viruses. However, hedgehogs have been recently identified in Europe and Asia as possible reservoirs of MERS-CoV-like strains classified as Erinaceus coronavirus (EriCoV). To elucidate the evolution and genetics of EriCoVs, NGS (next generation sequencing) and Sanger sequencing were used to examine fecal samples collected in Northern Italy in 2018/2019 from 12 hedgehogs previously found EriCoV-positive by RT-PCR. By sequence analysis, eight complete EriCoV genomes, obtained by NGS, showed a high phylogenetic correlation with EriCoV strains previously reported in Eurasia. Interestingly, eight viral strains presented an additional ORF encoding for the CD200 ortholog located between the genes encoding for the Spike and the ORF3a proteins. The CD200 ortholog sequences were closely similar to the host CD200 protein but varying among EriCoVs. The result, confirmed by Sanger sequencing, demonstrates for the first time that CoVs can acquire host genes potentially involved in the immune-modulatory cascade and possibly enabling the virus to escape the host defence.
Identification of an Intermediate Step in Foamy Virus Fusion
Authors: Dupont Aurélie , Glück Ivo M. , Ponti Dorothee , Stirnnagel Kristin , Hütter Sylvia , Perrotton Florian , Stanke Nicole , Richter Stefanie , Lindemann Dirk , Lamb Don C.
Published: December 2020

Viral glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion is an essential step for productive infection of host cells by enveloped viruses; however, due to its rarity and challenges in detection, little is known about the details of fusion events at the single particle level. Here, we have developed dual-color foamy viruses (FVs) composed of eGFP-tagged prototype FV (PFV) Gag and mCherry-tagged Env of either PFV or macaque simian FV (SFVmac) origin that have been optimized for detection of the fusion process. Using our recently developed tracking imaging correlation (TrIC) analysis, we were able to detect the fusion process for both PFV and SFVmac Env containing virions. PFV Env-mediated fusion was observed both at the plasma membrane as well as from endosomes, whereas SFVmac Env-mediated fusion was only observed from endosomes. PFV Env-mediated fusion was observed to happen more often and more rapidly than as for SFVmac Env. Strikingly, using the TrIC method, we detected a novel intermediate state where the envelope and capsids are still tethered but separated by up to 400 nm before final separation of Env and Gag occurred.
Multistep Flood Inundation Forecasts with Resilient Backpropagation Neural Networks: Kulmbach Case Study
Authors: Lin Qing , Leandro Jorge , Gerber Stefan , Disse Markus
Published: December 2020

Flooding, a significant natural disaster, attracts worldwide attention because of its high impact on communities and individuals and increasing trend due to climate change. A flood forecast system can minimize the impacts by predicting the flood hazard before it occurs. Artificial neural networks (ANN) could efficiently process large amounts of data and find relations that enable faster flood predictions. The aim of this study is to perform multistep forecasts for 1–5 h after the flooding event has been triggered by a forecast threshold value. In this work, an ANN developed for the real-time forecast of flood inundation with a high spatial resolution (4 m × 4 m) is extended to allow for multiple forecasts. After trained with 120 synthetic flood events, the ANN was first tested with 60 synthetic events for verifying the forecast performance for 3 h, 6 h, 9 h and 12 h lead time. The model produces good results, as shown by more than 81% of all grids having an RMSE below 0.3 m. The ANN is then applied to the three historical flood events to test the multistep inundation forecast. For the historical flood events, the results show that the ANN outputs have a good forecast accuracy of the water depths for (at least) the 3 h forecast with over 70% accuracy (RMSE within 0.3 m), and a moderate accuracy for the subsequent forecasts with (at least) 60% accuracy.
Risk Assessment of Irrigation-Related Soil Salinization and Sodification in Mediterranean Areas
Authors: Tomaz Alexandra , Palma Patrícia , Fialho Sofia , Lima Ana , Alvarenga Paula , Potes Miguel , Costa Maria João , Salgado Rui
Published: December 2020

Salinization and sodification are important processes of soil degradation affecting irrigated lands. A large proportion of the global irrigated area is affected by some degree of soil salinity or sodicity caused by the intensification of irrigation. The increase of the frequency of adverse climatic conditions, like high temperatures and variations in precipitation patterns caused by climate change, will potentially amplify these processes in arid, semi-arid, and Mediterranean areas. The use of integrated approaches for the spatial and temporal prediction of the risk of salinization and sodification in irrigated areas is of great value, helping in the decision-making regarding land uses and choice of more suitable agricultural practices. In this study, based on key criteria for the assessment of irrigation-related salinization processes (e.g., climate, topography, soil drainage, water quality for irrigation, and crop irrigation method), we developed a methodology for the prediction of soil salinity and sodicity risk in irrigated lands, using two composite indices, the Salinization Risk (RSA) index and the Sodification Risk (RSO) index. The application of these indices to a real scenario (a Mediterranean area in Southern Portugal) showed that 67% of the potentially irrigated area presented a low risk of salinity development, 68% had a moderate risk of sodification, and 16% was of high risk of sodicity development. Areas under moderate risk of salinization (26%) were mostly characterized by low slopes and fine-textured soils, like Luvisols and Vertisols, with limited drainage conditions. Areas with high risk of soil sodification presented a large incidence of low slope terrain, moderate-to-restricted soil drainage, in high clay content Luvisols, Vertisols and Cambisols, and land use dominated by annual crops irrigated with surface or sprinkler systems. These risk prediction tools have the potential to be used for resource use planning by policymakers and on-farm management decision by farmers, contributing to the sustainability of irrigated agriculture in Mediterranean regions.
Natural vs. Anthropic Influence on the Multidecadal Shoreline Changes of Mediterranean Urban Beaches: Lessons from the Gulf of Cagliari (Sardinia)
Authors: Biondo Manuela , Buosi Carla , Trogu Daniele , Mansfield Hannah , Vacchi Matteo , Ibba Angelo , Porta Marco , Ruju Andrea , De Muro Sandro
Published: December 2020

Urban Mediterranean beaches are often characterized by a fragile and unstable equilibrium that can be easily altered by ongoing climate change and by the increase in human pressure. This may pose serious threats to the survival of beach systems that cannot accommodate these modifications. In this paper, the spatio-temporal shift of the shoreline was investigated along two urban beaches in the Gulf of Cagliari (Poetto and Giorgino; southern Sardinia, western Mediterranean Sea) across a time frame of 62 years (1954–2016). The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) ArcGIS™ extension was used to extract different statistical parameters which allowed us to quantify the erosion and accretion rates. These data were further examined in relation to a number of anthropic and natural forcings in order to disentangle the factors controlling shoreline evolution. Eight sectors with interchanging net erosive and accretion trends were identified along the Poetto and Giorgino beaches. In six decades, some sectors of the two study sites appeared to have undergone great shoreline modification as a result of the intense anthropogenic activities impacting these coastal areas. The westernmost portions of both beaches were found to be the most vulnerable to erosion processes; such conditions were likely controlled by the interplaying of local hydrodynamics and by the intense coastal development which affected these sectors. The highest retreat rates (mean end point rate (EPR) = −0.51/year) were recorded in the western limit of Giorgino beach. Along the western limit of Poetto beach, EPR erosion rates (mean EPR = −2.92/year) considerably increased in the years after the artificial beach nourishment carried out in 2002, suggesting that the majority of the nourished material was lost offshore or partly redistributed along the beach. Coastal structures, urban development, river catchment modification, industrial and port activities, beach cleaning and touristic and recreational activities have been identified as the ongoing causes of coastal alteration. If these factors remain constant, under projected climate change scenarios, these beaches are at risk of further increased flooding and erosion. In this context, the application of DSAS appeared as an essential tool, supporting a monitoring system able to provide understanding and, potentially, predictions of the short- to long-term evolution of these beach systems.
Efficient Removal of Levofloxacin by Activated Persulfate with Magnetic CuFe2O4/MMT-k10 Nanocomposite: Characterization, Response Surface Methodology, and Degradation Mechanism
Authors: Yang Junying , Huang Minye , Wang Shengsen , Mao Xiaoyun , Hu Yueming , Chen Xian
Published: December 2020

In this study, a magnetic copper ferrite/montmorillonite-k10 nanocomposite (CuFe2O4/MMT-k10) was successfully fabricated by a simple sol-gel combustion method and was characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the Brunner–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For levofloxacin (LVF) degradation, CuFe2O4/MMT-k10 was utilized to activate persulfate (PS). Due to the relative high adsorption capacity of CuFe2O4/MMT-k10, the adsorption feature was considered an enhancement of LVF degradation. In addition, the response surface methodology (RSM) model was established with the parameters of pH, temperature, PS dosage, and CuFe2O4/MMT-k10 dosage as the independent variables to obtain the optimal response for LVF degradation. In cycle experiments, we identified the good stability and reusability of CuFe2O4/MMT-k10. We proposed a potential mechanism of CuFe2O4/MMT-k10 activating PS through free radical quenching tests and XPS analysis. These results reveal that CuFe2O4/MMT-k10 nanocomposite could activate the persulfate, which is an efficient technique for LVF degradation in water.
Under-Sink Activated Carbon Water Filters Effectively Remove Lead from Private Well Water for over Six Months
Authors: Mulhern Riley , MacDonald Gibson Jacqueline
Published: December 2020

Children who rely on private well water in the United States have been shown to be at greater risk of having elevated blood lead levels. Evidence-based solutions are needed to prevent drinking water lead exposure among private well users, but minimal data are available regarding the real-world effectiveness of available interventions like point-of-use water treatment for well water. In this study, under-sink activated carbon block water filters were tested for lead and other heavy metals removal in an eight-month longitudinal study in 17 homes relying on private wells. The device removed 98% of all influent lead for the entirety of the study, with all effluent lead levels less than 1 µg/L. Profile sampling in a subset of homes showed that the faucet fixture is a significant source of lead leaching where well water is corrosive. Flushing alone was not capable of reducing first-draw lead to levels below 1 µg/L, but the under-sink filter was found to increase the safety and effectiveness of faucet flushing. The results of this study can be used by individual well users and policymakers alike to improve decision-making around the use of under-sink point-of-use devices to prevent disproportionate lead exposures among private well users.
Spatiotemporal Dissolved Silicate Variation, Sources, and Behavior in the Eutrophic Zhanjiang Bay, China
Authors: Zhang Peng , Xu Jia-Lei , Zhang Ji-Biao , Li Jian-Xu , Zhang Yan-Chan , Li Yi , Luo Xin-Qi
Published: December 2020

Dissolved silicate (DSi) is an important nutrient in coastal water, which is used by planktonic diatoms for cell division and growth. In this study, surface water samples were collected in the eutrophic Zhanjiang Bay (ZJB) in 2019, covering a seasonal variation of coastal water and land-based source water discharge. The spatiotemporal DSi distribution, land-based sources flux input and behaviors in ZJB were studied and discussed. The results show that the DSi concentration had significant differences in spatiotemporal scale. The average concentration of DSi in ZJB was 38.00 ± 9.48 μmol·L−1 in spring, 20.23 ± 11.27 μmol·L−1 in summer, 12.48 ± 1.42 μmol·L−1 in autumn and 11.96 ± 4.85 μmol·L−1 in winter. The spatiotemporal DSi distribution showed a decreasing gradient from the top to the mouth of ZJB, which was affected by land source inputs and hydrodynamics. The land-based sources’ input concentration of DSi in ZJB ranged from 0.021 to 0.46 mol·L−1, with an average of 0.14 mol·L−1, and the total annual flux of DSi was 1.06 × 109 mol, comprising up to 8.28%, 41.55% and 50.17% in dry, normal, and wet seasons, respectively. The Suixi River contributed the highest DSi flux proportion in all seasons. The DSi in land-based source water was mainly affected by water flow discharge, diatom uptake and impacts from anthropogenic activities. Compared with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), the DSi was the limitation nutrient in ZJB. Additionally, the DSi concentration in the coastal water was negatively correlated with salinity. The seasonal DSi/DIN and DSi/DIP ratios in land-based sources discharge water was significantly higher than that in coastal water (p < 0.05). Land-based sources of DSi input played an important role in nutrients composition that sustained diatoms as the dominant species in ZJB.
A Review of Tank Model and Its Applicability to Various Korean Catchment Conditions
Authors: Lee Jong Wook , Chegal Sun Dong , Lee Seung Oh
Published: December 2020

This paper reviews a conceptual rainfall-runoff model called Tank which has been widely used over the last 20 years in Korea as a part of a water resource modelling framework for assessing and developing long-term water resource polices. In order to examine the uncertainty of model predictions and the sensitivity of model’s parameters, Monte Carlos and Markov chain-based approaches are applied to five catchments of various Korean geographical and climatic conditions where the catchment sizes are ranged from 83 to 4786 km2. In addition, three optimization algorithms—dynamically dimensioned search (DDS), robust parameter estimation (ROPE), and shuffled complex evolution (SCE)—are selected to test whether the model parameters can be optimized consistently within a narrower range than the uncertainty bounds. From the uncertainty analysis, it is found that there is limited success in refining the priori distributions of the model parameters, indicating there is a high degree of equifinality for some parameters or at least there are large numbers of parameter combinations leading to good solutions within model’s uncertainty bounds. Out of the three optimization algorithms, SCE meets the criteria of the consistency best. It is also found that there are still some parameters that even the SCE method struggles to refine the priori distributions. It means that their contribution to model results is minimal and can take a value within a reasonable range. It suggests that the model may be reconceptualized to be parsimonious and to rationalize some parameters without affecting model’s capacity to replicate historical flow characteristics. Cross-validation indicates that sensitive parameters to catchment characteristics can be transferred when geophysical similarity exists between two catchments. Regionalization can be further improved by using a regression or geophysical similarity-based approach to transfer model parameters to ungauged catchments. It may be beneficial to categorize the model parameters depending on the level of their sensitivities, and a different approach to each category may be applied to regionalize the calibrated parameters.
Kinds of Translation Error Made by the Students in Writing Abstract of the Theses and Dissertations
Authors: Munawir Munawir
Published: December 2020

This research aims to find the kinds of translation error made in writing abstract of theses and dissertations. This research used descriptive quantitative method to analyze and expose the errors of abstracts of theses and dissertations. The data of this research was the abstracts of theses and dissertations of universities in Makassar. It took 61 abstracts of theses and dissertations from different universities. The abstracts is analyzed by using error analysis technique. The result of this research concluded that the abstracts are found various errors. Errors in the kinds of translation were Omission – Deviation – Modification – Addition - and the least is Inversion. The result of this research provides a new information about translation to the students especially to non-English students, and motivate them to translate the abstract well.
Opportunities for Simplification in the Personal Income Tax Systems of the Visegrad Countries
Authors: Bonifert Szabóné Éva
Published: December 2020

Due to the numerous factors that can influence the impact of the tax system and redistribution, there is no single correct answer to the question of which composition of economic policy instruments needs to be applied to achieve a desired redistributive effect. The general aim of the study is to investigate in relation to the quantifiable parameters of income tax systems, whether the consideration of the aspects of fairness and justice does have an excessively negative effect on the simplicity of tax systems. The study investigates the possibilities of simplifying the personal income tax system’s composition in some Central and Eastern European countries, while tax burden curves of the system remain as constant as possible. To this end, the study sets up a theoretical, simplified tax model, the parameters of which are determined by a computer program, in order to generate tax burden curves corresponding most closely to the curves of the real tax system. Based on the analysis, it can be established that the theoretical system – in some cases with restrictions – provides a good approximation to the tax burden curves of the investigated countries. The chosen simple model has a good degree of approximation to a real system that does not have significant breakpoints in its tax burden curves, nor does it use a taxation method that fundamentally modifies the system (e.g., splitting). Practical examples help to understand that a complex personal income tax system in a given country is not necessarily the only possible solution to achieve a given tax burden curve, the function may be reproduced with a good approximation constructed from simpler basic elements.
Az idősödő társadalom és a kockázati attitűd
Authors: Kuti Mónika , Schepp Zoltán
Published: December 2020

A hazai szakirodalomban hiánypótló jelen tanulmány célja, hogy az időskori döntéshozatal és a kockázati preferenciák nemzetközi kutatási trendjeit egyrészt különféle módszertani megközelítések mentén rendszerezze - ideértve a kísérleti-, a kérdőíves- és a vagyonportfólión alapuló vizsgálati módokat; másrészt feltárja a kor és a pénzügyi kultúra közötti hatásokat. A külföldi szakirodalom tükrében az időskori kockázati attitűdvizsgálatok eltérő következtetésekre jutottak attól függően, hogy milyen kutatási módszert alkalmaztak. Játékszituációba ágyazott kísérleti környezetben inkább kockázatkeresők, kockázatos választáshoz vezető tanulás esetén azonban kockázatkerülők. A kérdőíves megkérdezések és a portfóliószelekciós módszerek tanulsága alapján a kockázatvállalási hajlandóság csökken idősebb kohorszokban. Az életkorral dinamikusan változó kockázati preferenciák a befektetési döntések újabb dimenziójára mutatnak rá. Az életkor emelkedésével felhalmozódó, kockázati toleranciát emelő befektetési tapasztalat és az életciklus vége felé romló kognitív képességek között feszülő összefüggések kutatása számos ellentmondásra világít rá a nemzetközi szakirodalomban.
Tendencias investigativas en el estudio de tecnologías inclusivas para población sorda
Authors: Patiño-Toro Orfa Nidia , Fernández Toro Andrés , Patiño-Vanegas Juan Camilo , Jiménez Guzmán Alexander
Published: December 2020

El avance tecnológico debe orientarse a generar mejoras en la calidad de vida y bienestar de la sociedad. Una de las poblaciones con mayores necesidades corresponde a personas sordas, por esto resulta necesario examinar la evolución y tendencias investigativas, en relación con tecnologías dirigidas a población con dificultades auditivas, entre 1990 y 2019. La metodología involucró 202 documentos recopilados mediante ecuación de búsqueda, obtenida de Scopus, originando indicadores de cantidad y calidad, además del análisis de temas emergentes y crecientes en este campo. Los hallazgos incluyen prevalencia del interés por la exploración y difusión de las tecnologías diseñadas para población sorda, especialmente en países como Estados Unidos, demostrándose altos índices de productividad y circulación del conocimiento por parte de instituciones y autores. Entre las conclusiones, se evidenció la importancia de investigaciones en temáticas asociadas al lenguaje de señas, accesibilidad, reconocimiento de gestos mediante sensores, sustitución sensorial y aplicaciones móviles, como instrumentos favorecedores del desarrollo de personas afectadas en su audición. Se reconoce el valor de las investigaciones y la evolución tecnológica como mecanismos dinamizadores del desarrollo de personas sordas, basadas en la comunicación y los procesos de aprendizaje, convirtiéndose en elemento integrador de esta población en distintos contextos sociales.
Peran Informasi Risiko, Informasi Modal Manusia, dan Keputusan Manajemen Mempengaruhi Kinerja Unit Bisnis
Authors: Purwoko Sigit Djalu
Published: December 2020

Perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) diberi tugas untuk memberikan pelayanan umum kepada masyarakat atau public service obligation (PSO) yang berorientasi sosial dan memperoleh laba, yang kinerjanya perlu ditingkatkan. Informasi Risiko yang akurat, lengkap, dan pada waktu yang tepat, akan memberikan sinyal awal untuk mengkritisi minimal 2 (dua) aspek yang mempengaruhi masa depan BUMN terkait dengan kebolehjadian terjadinya risiko dan dampak yang diakibatkannya, sedangkan Informasi Modal manusia sebagai aset Perusahaan untuk membangun kapabilitas dan sikap tenaga kerja, penguatan organisasi, yang pada akhirnya akan menentukan keberhasilan pencapaian tujuan BUMN. Hasil penelitian dengan metoda descriptive statistic menunjukkan bahwa Informasi Risiko belum mencukupi dalam memberikan pengaruh nilai tambah bagi Perusahaan pada level Unit Bisnis; Informasi Modal Manusia belum diterapkan sesuai harapan Unit Bisnis; Keputusan Manajemen belum dilaksanakan secara tepat; dan Kinerja Unit Bisnis belum tercapai sesuai dengan target yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian dengan metoda multivariate statistic menunjukkan bahwa Informasi Modal Manusia lebih berpengaruh daripada Informasi Risiko dalam mempengaruhi Keputusan Manajemen; Keputusan Manajemen lebih berpengaruh daripada Informasi Modal Manusia dan Informasi Risiko dalam mempengaruhi Kinerja Unit Bisnis; uji variabel intervening pengaruh Informasi Risiko melalui Keputusan Manajemen berpengaruh signifikan pada Kinerja Unit Bisnis; dan Informasi Modal Manusia melalui Keputusan Manajemen berpengaruh signifikan pada Kinerja Unit Bisnis. Pencapaian Kinerja Unit Bisnis paling signifikan dipengaruhi oleh Informasi Modal Manusia melalui Keputusan Manajemen sebagai prioritas utama untuk ditindaklanjuti.
PERFIL DE PESSOAS ACOMETIDAS POR DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Barbosa da Silva Gomes Cristiana , Vidal de Negreiros Rosângela , Hellen Monteiro da Costa Rachel , Queiroz de Oliveira Larissa
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: descrever o perfil de pessoas acometidas por Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 2, cadastrados no programa HIPERDIA. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, que caracteriza-se por um levantamento de dados disponíveis no Sistema DATASUS do Ministério da Saúde, onde foi realizada uma análise criteriosa, estabelecendo informações epidemiológicas e de morbidade do programa HIPERDIA, no Estado da Paraíba, entre 2009 e 2013, abordando especificamente o Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. RESULTADOS: No período analisado (2009-2013), houve 3.358 casos de Diabetes mellitus Tipo 2 na Paraíba. O ano de 2011 teve 988 casos entre todas as idades, em relação a faixa etária a maior ocorrência foi entre 40 e 59 anos de idade com 1.601 casos (47,6%), o gênero feminino teve destaque com 2.020 casos (60,1%); Como fatores de risco, foi observado que a maioria não era tabagista 2658 (79,1%). Foi destaque ainda o fato de 2166 casos (64,5%) não apresentarem sobrepeso, quanto às complicações associadas ao DM, apresentou maior frequência de pé diabético com 91 casos, equivalente a (2,75%) dos acometidos por DM tipo 2. No entanto, amputação de pé diabético ocupou a menor frequência com 65 casos (1,95%). CONCLUSÃO: A divulgação das informações referentes à saúde para a população, estabelecidas nas plataformas científicas, caracteriza-se como o primeiro passo, para que a saúde pública faça de doenças como o DM tipo 2, passíveis de controle, dentre as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis de maior evidência na população. Palavras chave: Autocuidado. Diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Pé diabético. Qualidade de vida.
Aspectos psicológicos no uso de afrodisíacos
Authors: Bruno Zenilce Vieira
Published: December 2020

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Dimorfismo sexual e sexualidade - uma abordagem biológica
Authors: Moreira Lília  Maria  de Azevedo , Gusmão Fábio Alexandre  Ferreira
Published: December 2020

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El Método Sincrónico-Diacrónico de Análisis Lingüístico de Textos y sus extensiones: una propuesta metodológica desde América Latina
Authors: María Laura  , Soich Matías , Marchese Mariana
Published: December 2020

Desde el paradigma interpretativista (Guba y Lincoln 1998), con el ACD en una de sus vertientes latinoamericanas como marco teórico (Resende y Ramalho 2006; García da Silva 2007; Pardo Abril 2007; Montecino Soto 2010) y aplicando una metodología predominantemente cualitativa e inductiva (SUPRIMIDO PARA REVISIÓN CIEGA), se presentan tres perspectivas analíticas para: a) estudiar el lenguaje en uso y b) reflexionar sobre problemáticas sociales a partir de ese estudio. Estas perspectivas son el Método Sincrónico-Diacrónico de Análisis Lingüístico de Textos, desarrollado por SUPRIMIDO PARA REVISIÓN CIEGA y ampliado por SUPRIMIDO PARA REVISIÓN CIEGA con el Método de Abordajes Lingüísticos Convergentes para el ACD y por SUPRIMIDO PARA REVISIÓN CIEGA a través de la Teoría de la Metáfora Conceptual. A partir del análisis de comentarios digitales, se ilustra cómo las tres perspectivas posibilitan un análisis capaz de categorizar los discursos y vincular las categorías generadas con representaciones discursivas, con el fin de realizar reflexiones sociales basadas en datos concretos.
Prospek Pengembangan Budidaya Durian (Durio Zibethius Murray) di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Rediyono  , Asruni
Published: December 2020

Abstrak : Sektor Perkebunan khususnya Budidaya Durian adalah sangat cocok dikembangkan di Kalimantan Timur sebab iklim dan tanam di Kaltim memiliki kecocokan dengan budidaya durian, selama ini masyarakat masih menanam durian dengan menanam dari biji sehingga pekebun harus menunggu 10 – 15 tahun untuk memetik hasil, dengan adanya pengembangan budidaya durian dengan beberaca macam perbanyakan maka durianakan berbuah pada umur 4-5 tahun sehingga mampu memangkas jangka waktu yang cukup panjang. Dengan adanya budidaya durian maka kebutuhan nasional durian dapat dipasok dari dalam negeri dan mengurangi impor dari Negara lain ataupun dari luar Kalimantan timur, selama ini durian Kalimantan timur jenis montong di datangkan dari Sulawesi tengah, Jawa dan Sulawesi selatan, sehingga ketergantungan durian masih sangat tinggi. Dengan mengurangi jumlah komoditi sawit dan karet yang harganya tidak stabil alangkah baiknya masyarakat diberi pendidikan dalam upaya pengambangan Durian yang memiliki harga yang cukup baik sehingga mampu memenuhi kebutuhan durian dalam negeri.
COMPARAÇÃO DAS ABORDAGENS ANTERIOR, LATERAL E POSTERIOR NA ARTROPLASTIA TOTAL DE QUADRIL: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Cosmo Tayná Monique , Pércio Pedro Paulo Verona
Published: December 2020

Contexto: A Artroplastia Total de Quadril (ATQ) é considerada, dentro da Ortopedia, um método revolucionário e eficaz no tratamento da dor causada por disfunções no quadril, principalmente a Osteoartrite. A abordagem cirúrgica na ATQ vem sendo alvo de grande interesse na literatura, sobretudo quanto aos resultados obtidos em cada uma. As abordagens mais realizadas e estudadas são: Abordagem Anterior, Lateral e Posterior. Objetivos: Comparar as 3 abordagens mais comuns da ATQ (Anterior, Lateral e Posterior) quanto aos seus resultados a fim de facilitar a escolha do acesso cirúgico pelo cirurgião ortopédico. Métodos: Revisão Bibliográfica envolvendo 7 artigos relacionados as abordagens cirúrgicas da Artroplastia Total de Quadril. Resultados: Houve uma superioridade sutil em 5 dos 7 artigos em alguns quesitos da abordagem Anterior sobre as abordagens analidadas. Entretanto, não pode ser afirmado com certeza que existe alguma superioridade entre elas. Conclusão: considerando a literatura atual, ainda há controversas em qual das abordagens de ATQ é a melhor escolha no tratamento do paciente, por consequência disso, a posição nessa revisão, permanece de que a escolha da via de acesso cirurgico da ATQ deve ser levada em consideração: a experiência do cirurgião com alguma das abordagens e a individualidade anatômica do paciente.
A SHORT TERM COMPARATIVE STUDY ON RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOME OF MAJOR DEMENTIA SYNDROMES
Authors: Hossain Asharul , Mukherjee Divya Gopal , Yasmin Sufia , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

To assess the socio-demographic factors with respect to Dementia (Alzheimer disease, Vascular dementia and Mixed dementia) in patients attending a Geriatric clinic under department of Psychiatry , R.G. Kar Medical College Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal. A Tertiary care general hospital (R.G. Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal). Patient attending Geriatric Clinic in the Department of Psychiatry of this hospital with diagnosis of Alzheimer’s dementia, vascular dementia and mixed dementia and fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The proposed study is an Observational Descriptive and Comparative study. It started with Synopsis writing, in September, 2016 and finally, the thesis was submitted in September, 2018. It has been found that, in cognitive clinic of R.G Kar Medical College about 200 patients attend for the treatment. The Alzheimer dementia is disease of aged people, mostly belong to Lower and Lower Middle class, illiterate or having primary level of education, gradual onset of disease, having family history of psychiatric illness, family history of Dementia in first degree relatives, family history of genetic illnesses, history of depression.
THE RISK FACTORS AND PATTERNS OF INJURIES IN THE RIDER AND PILLION PASSENGERS INVOLVED IN MOTORIZED TWO WHEELER ACCIDENTS.
Authors: Kumar Akash , Bhatnagar Mohit , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Guha Abhraneel , Joshi Mandeep , Dcosta Quency Michael , Verma Shreya
Published: December 2020

Aims and objectives: To study and analyze the various patterns of injuries and Risk factors involved in motorized two-wheelers accident Material and Methods: This is a prospective observational study on patients who are presenting with complaints of the road traffic accident, any motorized two wheeler accidents attending primarily to the Emergency Department of a tertiary care center, Kolkata. The duration of the study will be 1year between January 2017 to December 2017. Results: This study found that apart from head injuries there was a significant occurrence of limb injuries and facial trauma. We observe that helmet was preventive for a head injury but still helmet use is less in pillion passengers as compared to riders which might be the cause of the almost equal appearance of head injuries among both. Incidence of abrasion injuries was the most common type of injury pattern sustained by both, though the incidence of the lacerated wound was found to be significantly higher in pillion passengers. Conclusion: This study concludes that there are several measures that can be suggested to lower the injury rate and severity among motorized two-wheeler drivers, which are Helmet laws that need to be implemented more strictly. Helmets should be made compulsory for pillion riders as well. More preventive measures, such as lowering the speed limits and avoiding motorized two-wheelers in the rainy time.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF SEVERITY OF CAD AND DIETARY PATTERNS IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL IN GOA
Authors: Dessai Manjunath , Kamat Umesh S. , Cacodcar Jagadish A. , Fernandes Warren , Pinto Stanislaus
Published: December 2020

Background: Cardiovascular Diseases are the major killers globally. There is a significant relation between modern day lifestyle and some of the risk factors of Cardiovascular Diseases,dietary patterns and food habits are intrinsic to this. Objectives: To study the association between dietary factors and coronary artery disease. Material & Methods: Nine hundred and seventy eight patients who presented to Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College for coronary angiography were interviewed by trained medical interns using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analysed in SPSS for windows, version 22, and presented as proportions. Chi-square test at 95% confidence level was used to test if the difference between proportions was statistically significant. Results: Majority of the patients followed a non-vegetarian diet and the patterns of CAD as diagnosed by coronary angiography did not differ significantly between the vegetarians and non-vegetarians. A statistically significant association was observed between consumption of artificially sweetened carbonated beverages, red meat and outdoor snacking; and the severity of CAD. Those who consumed these items more frequently were more likely to have a severe CAD on coronary angiography. The statistical association between the frequency of consumption of major meals outdoors, chicken and pork was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Excessive consumption of artificially sweetened carbonated drinks, red meat and outdoor snacking has a negative influence on cardiac health. In the light of potential bias due to other confounding variables, indirect associations, recall and temporality of association the findings may be interpreted with caution.
Referendum del 12-13 giugno 2011 a Roma: la campagna e la partecipazione
Authors: Cedroni Lorella , De Rosa Roberto , D'Amelio Nicola
Published: December 2020

Il Comune di Roma e i suoi Municipi 

Territorio, comunicazione e mobilitazione

La campagna referendaria Municipio per Municipio

La partecipazione a Roma nelle elezioni e nei referendum

La partecipazione nel referendum del 12-13 giugno