bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Genome Sequencing in Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Authors: Kingsmore Stephen F. , Cole F. Sessions
Published: June 2022

Genetic diseases disrupt the functionality of an infant's genome during fetal–neonatal adaptation and represent a leading cause of neonatal and infant mortality in the United States. Due to disease acuity, gene locus and allelic heterogeneity, and overlapping and diverse clinical phenotypes, diagnostic genome sequencing in neonatal intensive care units has required the development of methods to shorten turnaround times and improve genomic interpretation. From 2012 to 2021, 31 clinical studies documented the diagnostic and clinical utility of first-tier rapid or ultrarapid whole-genome sequencing through cost-effective identification of pathogenic genomic variants that change medical management, suggest new therapeutic strategies, and refine prognoses. Genomic diagnosis also permits prediction of reproductive recurrence risk for parents and surviving probands. Using implementation science and quality improvement, deployment of a genomic learning healthcare system will contribute to a reduction of neonatal and infant mortality through the integration of genome sequencing into best-practice neonatal intensive care.
Agriculture for Development: Analytics and Action
Authors: de Janvry Alain , Sadoulet Elisabeth
Published: June 2022

For many poor countries and for a majority of poor people in the world, agriculture broadly defined can be one of the most effective instruments for development. Yet using agriculture for development, while widely advocated in the development profession and effectively practiced by a number of countries, remains too often well below potential. At the invitation of the editors of the Annual Review of Resource Economics, we retrace how we have used our academic and activist careers to promote agriculture as an instrument for development. We show how access to assets, the design of agrarian institutions, the creation of income opportunities for rural households, and understanding their behavioral responses can lead to successful modernization of agriculture and its transformation toward farming systems, value chains, and local rural nonfarm economies instrumental for development. We encourage younger colleagues to pursue and fulfill this mission by combining analytical rigor, attention to behavior, commitment to activism, and a long-term vision of the development process.
The Economics of Wildfire in the United States
Authors: Bayham Jude , Yoder Jonathan K. , Champ Patricia A. , Calkin David E.
Published: June 2022

Wildfire is a natural phenomenon with substantial economic consequences, and its management is complex, dynamic, and rife with incentive problems. This article reviews the contribution of economics to our understanding of wildfire and highlights remaining knowledge gaps. We first summarize economic impacts to illustrate scale and trends. We then focus on wildfire management in three phases: mitigation before fires occur, response during fires, and response after fires. The literature highlights economic interdependencies and spillover effects across fire-prone landscapes as the source of economic inefficiencies and motivation for public institutional response. The literature illustrates the complexity of this problem with its myriad threads, including the trade-offs of living in fire-prone environments, the prospects for using controlled fire and mechanical fuel removal for reducing wildfire severity, the decision-making environment that firefighters face, and the economic consequences of wildfire smoke on health. Economics provides valuable insights, but fundamental questions remain unanswered.
Toward Rigorous Validation of Li-S Battery Models
Authors: Cornish M. , Marinescu M.
Published: June 2022

Achieving Li-S batteries’ promise of significantly higher gravimetric energy density and lower cost than Li-ion batteries requires researchers to delineate the most important factors affecting the performance of this technology. By encoding this knowledge into a mathematical model, understanding is made precise, quantitative, and predictive. However, the complex and unknown mechanisms of Li-S batteries have multiple proposed models with relatively few informative quantitative comparisons to experimental data. Without further testing, many proposed models do not have enough evidence to claim predictive power. The conclusions drawn from these models regarding the internal dynamics of Li-S cells may be correct, but the lack of evidence provided leaves these conclusions uncertain. Consequently, a minimum set of testing procedures for model validation is proposed. Moreover, in the absence of an accepted standard model, a novel zero dimensional model is proposed in this work. The model improves upon several existing models while remaining as simple as possible. The model is quantitatively predictive, as demonstrated by out-of-sample predictions of experimental discharge resistance. Finally, this model and others have been implemented using PyBaMM. Therefore, the open access code allows rapid modifications of this model by all researchers.
Mitochondrial adaptations to inactivity in diaphragm muscle fibers
Authors: Brown Alyssa D. , Fogarty Matthew J. , Davis Leah A. , Dasgupta Debanjali , Mantilla Carlos B. , Sieck Gary C.
Published: June 2022

Two weeks of diaphragm (DIAm) inactivity imposed by C2SH caused reduced mitochondrial volume density, mitochondrial fragmentation, and a concomitant reduction of SDHmax in type I and IIa DIAm fibers on the lesioned side. Type I and IIa DIAm fibers were far more sensitive to inactivation than type IIx/IIb fibers, which exhibited little pathology. Our results indicate that mitochondria in DIAm fibers are plastic in response to varying levels of activity.
Low-volume HIIT and MICT speed V̇o2 kinetics during high-intensity “work-to-work” cycling with a similar time-course in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gildea Norita , McDermott Adam , Rocha Joel , Crognale Domenico , Nevin Aaron , O’Shea Donal , Green Simon , Egaña Mikel
Published: June 2022

Three weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training decreased the time constant of the primary phase of oxygen uptake (V̇o2) and amplitude of the V̇o2 slow component during a high-intensity exercise initiated from an elevated baseline, a protocol that mimics the abrupt metabolic transitions akin to those in daily life, in type 2 diabetes. These V̇o2 kinetics improvements were maintained until the end of the 12-wk intervention without changes in muscle deoxygenation kinetics.
Human temperature regulation under heat stress in health, disease, and injury
Authors: Cramer Matthew N. , Gagnon Daniel , Laitano Orlando , Crandall Craig G.
Published: June 2022

The human body constantly exchanges heat with the environment. Temperature regulation is a homeostatic feedback control system that ensures deep body temperature is maintained within narrow limits despite wide variations in environmental conditions and activity-related elevations in metabolic heat production. Extensive research has been performed to study the physiological regulation of deep body temperature. This review focuses on healthy and disordered human temperature regulation during heat stress. Central to this discussion is the notion that various morphological features, intrinsic factors, diseases, and injuries independently and interactively influence deep body temperature during exercise and/or exposure to hot ambient temperatures. The first sections review fundamental aspects of the human heat stress response, including the biophysical principles governing heat balance and the autonomic control of heat loss thermoeffectors. Next, we discuss the effects of different intrinsic factors (morphology, heat adaptation, biological sex, and age), diseases (neurological, cardiovascular, metabolic, and genetic), and injuries (spinal cord injury, deep burns, and heat stroke), with emphasis on the mechanisms by which these factors enhance or disturb the regulation of deep body temperature during heat stress. We conclude with key unanswered questions in this field of research.
Cassava Starch as an Effective Texture Corrector of Fat-Free Dairy Products Based on Symbiotic Starter Culture
Authors: Tsyganov Maxim S. , Ezhkova Galina O. , Kharitonova Maya A. , Nikitina Elena V.
Published: June 2022

Cassava starch can be an effective texture corrector for dairy products; however, the presence of a starchy taste in such products is undesirable. A possible solution to this problem can be the use of partially hydrolyzed cassava starch; complex microbial amylase preparations, for instance, Amylosubtilin® or Bacillus licheniformis amylases, can be used as an enzyme. The use of these enzyme preparations in low concentration allows it to obtain cassava starches with increased solubility, which can be easily used in the technology of dairy products. Starch is partially hydrolyzed by amylase preparations and does not significantly affect the chemical composition of the protein part of the Symbilact dairy product. Positive dynamics of the rheological and antioxidant properties of the low-fat dairy product “Symbilact” from the enzyme-modified cassava starch during storage were revealed in the researches. AT starches are more able to correct the structure, especially AT-0.5 and AT-1, but to a less extent increase antioxidant properties. As matter of a fact, BT starches exhibit higher antioxidant potential, but less structure correction.
Effect of Baogong Zhixue Granules Combined with Tranexamic Acid Injection on the Hemodynamics and Reproductive System in Patients with Postpartum Hemorrhage after Cesarean Section
Authors: Cui Xuena , Ji Yuzhi , Zhang Lijuan , Lv Qiulan , Liu Ling
Published: June 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of Baogong Zhixue granules combined with tranexamic acid injection on the hemodynamics and reproductive system in patients with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) after cesarean section. Methods. The data of 90 puerperae undergoing cesarean section in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the order of admission, they were equally divided into the control group (CG) and experimental group (EG). CG was treated with tranexamic acid injection combined with oxytocin, while EG was treated with Baogong Zhixue granules combined with tranexamic acid injection to compare the clinical observation indexes between the two groups. Results. Compared with CG, EG achieved remarkably less amount of bleeding at 2 h and 24 h after delivery (

P
<
0.001

), lower postpartum APTT, PT, HR, and MAP (

P
<
0.001

), shorter maintenance time of uterine contraction and lochia (

P
<
0.001

), and lower postpartum FSH and LH (

P
<
0.001

). After delivery, EG had higher postpartum Fib and descending speed of uterine fundus and E2 compared with CG (

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. Baogong Zhixue granules combined with tranexamic acid injection have little effect on the reproductive system of PPH patients after cesarean section, stabilize the hemodynamics, and improve the coagulation function. Therefore, further research on the combined treatment can provide better hemostatic schemes for such patients.
Research on the Oxidative Stress Response of Human Body Caused by Different Nutritional Supplements and the Improvement Effect of Exercise
Authors: Zhang Shanjia
Published: June 2022

This paper combines experimental and observational research to investigate the effect of various nutritional supplements on human oxidative stress response and exercise. Furthermore, this paper investigates the neural pathways involved in motor regulation in the cerebral cortex, striatum, and midbrain. The midbrain is an important site for regulating direct and indirect pathways, as well as motor control. Simultaneously, this paper provides a theoretical foundation as well as experimental value for further understanding the effects of iron deficiency and iron overload on brain iron storage in young adults. Furthermore, this paper provides guidance and a scientific foundation for reasonable exercise for adolescents with iron overload and iron deficiency, as well as an experimental foundation and theoretical support for the development of iron fortifier supplementation and sports foods for special populations. The experimental results validate the method’s efficacy.
Seismic Analysis on the Behaviors of Meru Structures: A Sacred Building in Balinese Temples
Authors: Sudarsana I Ketut , Susila Gede Adi , Silvi Ni Putu , Dwijendra Ngakan Ketut Acwin
Published: June 2022

Seismic behaviors of the Meru structure as one of the sacred buildings in Balinese Temples have not been investigated extensively. Most research investigated the Meru building in terms of its philosophy and history. The Meru buildings were observed to survive many earthquake events that occurred in Bali Islands. This paper presents the analysis results of the Meru structure in responding to earthquake excitations. As many as five types of the Meru structure traditionally built were modeled and analyzed using finite element-based software. Each type of Meru has three variations in the roof masses that were obtained from increasing the roof thickness from 500 mm, 600 mm, and 700 mm. Time history analysis follows Newmark’s average acceleration method with an input earthquake record of the scaled El-Centro N-S 1940 to meet seismic conditions in the Bali area. The results show that the dynamic responses of the Meru structure increase as the number of roof levels and mass increase. All of the Meru types have met the limitation of the code’s lateral allowable limits. The dimensions of the structural elements determined according to Balinese scripts can provide capacity greater than twice the capacity demand. Keeping the roof mass in a certain proportion with the mass of the lowest roof twice of the above one will keep the Meru stable during an earthquake.
Diagnostic Performance of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging for Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gu Hongyu , Cui Wenjing , Luo Song , Deng Xiaoyi
Published: June 2022

Purpose. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high sensitivity for differentiating between malignant and non-malignant breast lesions but is sometimes limited due to its low specificity. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mean kurtosis (MK) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in magnetic resonance diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for benign and malignant breast lesions. Methods. Original articles on relevant topics, published from 2010 to 2019, in PubMed, EMBASE, and WanFang databases were systematically reviewed. According to the purpose of the study and the characteristics of DKI reported, the diagnostic performances of MK and MD were evaluated, and meta-regression was conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity. Results. Fourteen studies involving 1,099 (451 benign and 648 malignant) lesions were analyzed. The pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio for MD were 0.84 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81-0.87), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79-0.86), 4.44 (95% CI, 3.54-5.57), and 0.18 (95% CI, 0.13-0.26), while those for MK were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86-0.91), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.89), 5.72 (95% CI, 4.26-7.69), and 0.13 (95% CI, 0.09-0.19), respectively. The overall area under the curve (AUC) was 0.91 for MD and 0.95 for MK. Conclusions. Analysis of the data from 14 studies showed that MK had a higher pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, and diagnostic performance for differentiating between breast lesions, compared with MD.
Value and Application of Traditional Culture of Embedded Network Teaching Platform in Moral Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Yang Juanjuan
Published: June 2022

Higher education has always been the top priority of the country and society. With the gradual completion of the Chinese curriculum system, in addition to some subject knowledge, the education on ideology, morality, and quality has also become more and more perfect. Moral education in colleges and universities is an example of this. However, current moral education instruction in colleges and universities is still based on examination-oriented education, and students have not been exposed to the culture deeply. As a result, the goal of this study is to strengthen traditional culture’s function in moral education instruction in colleges and universities, as well as conduct research on its application value. In response to this, this paper designs an embedded moral education network teaching platform, which focuses on increasing the importance of the role of administrators, and is responsible for collecting statistics of traditional culture resources and applying them to teaching. The education for traditional culture also traces its origins and provides suggestions for the new era with reference to historical moral education research. The results of this paper believe that, for the response time of the system, in the campus network environment, the response time is about 3 s, the minimum value is 2.8 s, and the maximum value is also 3.2 s. In an ordinary network environment, the response time is also within 3.8 s. This demonstrates that the approach proposed in this research is efficient and capable of meeting the needs of moral education instruction in colleges and universities.
Research on Emergency Logistics Vehicle Route Scheduling and Optimization Method Based on Multi-Intelligent Decision System
Authors: Ji Chenlu , Liang Shuyu , Yu Yating
Published: June 2022

Logistics distribution vehicle planning is an important issue in logistics transportation activities, and it is also a research hotspot in theoretical circles at home and abroad. At present, many studies have focused on establishing vehicle planning models and optimizing vehicle planning in different environments and have achieved rich results. As an important part of transportation production process, the efficiency of logistics distribution is very important to the whole production process. Especially for emergency logistics, every minute is very critical for emergency situations such as disaster relief. In order to improve the efficiency of emergency logistics, this paper applies multiagent technology to emergency logistics and puts forward an integrated modeling method of enterprise macromodeling, business process mesomodeling, and micromodel design. Using the agent-oriented system development method, an emergency logistics distribution vehicle planning model system is established. The development process of multiagent automatic trading system is described. The results show that it is feasible and effective to use multi-intelligent fuselage technology for emergency logistics distribution vehicle planning and decision-making. The algorithm proposed in this paper has advantages over the container order sequence processing scheme, and the total cost of order acceptance decreases sharply in the initial stage, which shows the practical convergence of the algorithm. The adjacency search method and Tabu search method deal with the calculation of total labor cost, and the Tabu neighborhood search algorithm obtains better results with lower labor cost.
Prediction of the Improvement Effect of Visualization Technology on Online Learning from the Perspective of the Neural Network
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhao Wei
Published: June 2022

In today’s world, data visualization is employed in every aspect of life, and online course makers should take use of the wealth of behavioral data provided by students. Currently, data visualization is being used to suit the development needs of online education in the Internet age. It is also a strong assurance for the online course platform’s improvement and implementation. Data visualization is already closely related to our lives. For online education, the application of data visualization can help course builders understand learners’ learning time characteristics, learning behavior habits, and learning improvement effects, so as to provide learners with corresponding learning guidance, solve learners’ learning difficulties, and improve learning efficiency and course teaching quality. In order to confirm the improvement effect of visualization technology on online learning, the following work is done in this study. This study describes the current state of visualization technology in the United States and internationally, as well as the foundation for the prediction approach that will be proposed later. There are many factors in the evaluation of the online learning effect, and it is dynamic, which is a nonlinear manifestation. The nonlinear computing, self-learning, and high fault endurance of artificial neural network technology are used in this article, and an online learning effect improvement prediction model based on the improved BP neural network is established, namely, the Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation (LMBP) prediction model. The experimental results suggest that the model has a good level of accuracy and may be used to forecast the effect of online learning improvement.
Tooth Wear and Tribological Investigations in Dentistry
Authors: Wang Ran , Zhu Yuanjing , Chen Chengxin , Han Yu , Zhou Hongbo
Published: June 2022

Dental or tooth wear is a physiological process in the life cycle of teeth. Loss of the occlusal surface may cause excessive tooth wear. Several factors may contribute to tooth wear with different intensities and duration in the oral cavity. The oral cavity is generally compared to a tribological system to determine the various types of wear between teeth and restorative materials and assess the amount of dental wear. However, it is challenging to investigate in vitro and in vivo wear owing to the complexity of tooth wear; thus, a clear correlation between in vitro and in vivo data could not be established. This review is aimed at providing an insight into the etiology of tooth wear and tribological investigations in dentistry.
The Application of Successful Physical Education Teaching Mode Integrating Deep Learning in Basketball Teaching
Authors: Guo Zhen , Zhu Kunrong
Published: June 2022

The successful physical education teaching mode is a new teaching mode used in physical under the traditional physical education teaching mode, which is formed and developed from the teaching reform of physical education in recent years. Under the background of The Times, the new educational mode conforms to the trend of The Times and is conducive to the benign development of education. Compared with the traditional physical education teaching mode, the students of the successful physical education teaching mode have a stronger sense of experience. This strong sense of participation and experience can not only improve students’ love for sports but also have a positive impact on the development of students’ mental health and also free the cultivation of students’ personality. Deep learning (DL) is a type of pattern analysis method in machine learning algorithms, which solves many complex pattern recognition problems, and has achieved many results in the fields of search technology. In this paper, by constructing a deep learning model, the model is applied to the application research of the successful physical education teaching mode in basketball teaching, and the effect of the successful physical education teaching mode in actual teaching is obtained through comparative experiments. According to the experimental results, the successful physical education teaching mode has a more significant effect on the teaching of students’ basketball skills, and according to the experiment, when the number of fine-tuning is 180, the correct rate is the highest at this time, which is 85%. When the number of hidden layer nodes is 180, the highest accuracy rate is 85.6%, and according to the experiments on the classification results, it is concluded that the model has a high degree of matching with the application research of the successful physical education model in basketball teaching.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 3 Is Associated with Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Controlled Study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Liu Pan , Su Weipeng , Aodeng Gaowa , Zhao Huarong
Published: June 2022

Objective. To explore the effects of fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3) on the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC-9 cell line (SCC-9). Methods. We measured the proliferation of SCC-9 cells in a control group, an FGF3 intervention group, and a fibroblast growth factor (FGFR) inhibitor intervention group in cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) experiments. We studied effects of FGF3 on the cell cycle and apoptosis of tongue cancer cells using flow cytometry. We further explored the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by measuring BCL-2 and Bcl-2 Associated X-protein (BAX) mRNA and protein levels with RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results. Results from the CCK-8 experiment showed that survival rates of cells in the control group, FGF3 intervention group, and FGFR inhibitor intervention group were

100.000
%
±
4.026
%

,

136.330
%
±
9.779

%, and

83.199
%
±
4.954

%, respectively; survival rates of SCC-9 cells in all three groups were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with that in the control group, the ratio of cells in G0/G1 phase in the FGFR inhibitor intervention group was higher (

P
<
0.05

) and that in G2/M phase was lower, while the FGF3 intervention group showed opposite results (

P
<
0.05

). The apoptosis rate of tongue cancer cells differed significantly between the FGFR inhibitor intervention and the control groups (

P
<
0.05

). The mRNA and protein expression levels of IRS1, PI3K, and BCL-2 were all increased in the FGF3 intervention group (

P
<
0.05

), while BAX mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased (

P
<
0.05

). The mRNA expression levels of protein kinase B (AKT) showed no differences between groups. The p-AKT protein was overexpressed, while the total amount of AKT protein remained stable (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. FGF3 contributes to the proliferation of SCC-9 cells by increasing the proportion of cells in G2/M phase. Therefore, appropriately timed inhibition of FGF3 can potentially promote tumor apoptosis through the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our results demonstrate the role of FGF3 in the tumor microenvironment in tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC-9 cells and suggest new therapeutic targets.
Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Stroke: Recent Insights into Autophagy
Authors: Lu Xiaocheng , Zhang Jian , Ding Yu , Wu Jiang , Chen Gang
Published: June 2022

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Autophagy is a conserved cellular catabolic pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis by removal of damaged proteins and organelles, which is critical for the maintenance of energy and function homeostasis of cells. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that autophagy plays important roles in pathophysiological mechanisms under ischemic stroke. Previous investigations show that autophagy serves as a “double-edged sword” in ischemic stroke as it can either promote the survival of neuronal cells or induce cell death in special conditions. Following ischemic stroke, autophagy is activated or inhibited in several cell types in brain, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, as well as microvascular endothelial cells, which involves in inflammatory activation, modulation of microglial phenotypes, and blood-brain barrier permeability. However, the exact mechanisms of underlying the role of autophagy in ischemic stroke are not fully understood. This review focuses on the recent advances regarding potential molecular mechanisms of autophagy in different cell types. The focus is also on discussing the “double-edged sword” effect of autophagy in ischemic stroke and its possible underlying mechanisms. In addition, potential therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke targeting autophagy are also reviewed.
Analysis of Erosive Nature of Fruit Beverages Fortified with Calcium Ions: An In Vitro Study Evaluating Dental Erosion in Primary Teeth
Authors: Dedhia Priyanka , Pai Deepika , Shukla Shyam Dutt , Anushree U. , Kumar Saurabh , Pentapati Kalyana C
Published: June 2022

Background. Since children frequently consume acidic fruit beverages, dental erosion is common in children. The erosive effects on primary teeth are more profound due to the lesser thickness of enamel and dentin. This study evaluated if calcium fortification of fruit beverages could reduce their erosive potential. Methodology. Tropicana Orange Delight was the fruit beverage chosen and fortified with calcium carbonate. Forty noncarious extracted primary teeth were equally distributed into four groups. Samples in group A were exposed to calcium-fortified fruit beverages and group B to nonfortified fruit beverages for 1, 2, and 3 min. The pH and calcium ion concentration of both the fruit beverages were evaluated from baseline through the test period. Samples in groups C and D were then exposed to fortified and nonfortified fruit beverages for 10, 20, and 30 min. The surface roughness and microhardness of these samples were analysed. Results. Due to fortification, the pH and calcium ion concentration of fortified beverages was higher compared to nonfortified beverages at baseline. The calcium ion concentration of fortified beverages decreased from baseline in contrast to an increase in the nonfortified beverage group. This indicates that fortified beverage is less erosive in nature. The surface roughness of samples in the fortified beverage group did not decrease significantly from baseline. In the nonfortified beverage group, surface roughness values at 20 and 30 min of exposure were higher than baseline, suggesting that significant erosive changes occur at the prolonged duration of exposure. The microhardness values of samples in the fortified beverage group increased from baseline through the test period, suggestive of resistance to erosion offered by calcium fortification. The microhardness values of samples in the nonfortified beverage group decreased through the test period, suggestive of erosion. Conclusion. Calcium fortification of this fruit beverage significantly reduces its erosive potential on primary teeth.
The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Exercise Capacity and Prognosis in Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Cuihua , Xing Jun , Zhao Baoli , Wang Yahui , Zhang Lizhuang , Wang Yebo , Zheng Mingqi , Liu Gang
Published: June 2022

Objective. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on exercise capacity and several prognostic markers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). Methods. This systematic review is registered on the INPLASY website (number: INPLASY202080112). We conducted a comprehensive search in eight databases of literature before September 13, 2019. Trials comparing HIIT and MICT in participants with CAD or HF aged 52–78 years were included. Exercise capacity (peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2)) and prognostic markers, such as the anaerobic threshold (AT), minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) slope, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and prognostic value of the predicted VO2 max per cent (the predicted VO2 peak (%)) were examined. Results. A total of 15 studies were included comprising 664 patients, 50% of which were male, with an average age of

60.3
±
13.2

years. For patients with CAD, HIIT significantly improved peak VO2 values (95% CI 0.7 to 2.11) compared with MICT, but peak VO2 values in patients with HF did not seem to change. For training lasting less than eight weeks, HIIT significantly improved peak VO2 values (95% CI 0.70 to 2.10), while HIIT lasting 12 weeks or longer resulted in a modestly increased peak VO2 value (95% CI 0.31 to 5.31). High-intensity interval training significantly increased the AT when compared with MICT (95% CI 0.50 to 1.48). High-intensity interval training also caused a moderate increase in LVEF (95% CI 0.55 to 5.71) but did not have a significant effect on the VE/VCO2 slope (95% CI −2.32 to 0.98) or the predicted VO2 peak (95% CI −2.54 to 9.59) compared with MICT. Conclusions. High-intensity interval training is an effective therapy for improving peak VO2 values in patients with CAD. High-intensity interval training in the early stage (eight weeks or fewer) is superior to MICT. Finally, HIIT significantly improved prognostic markers, including the AT and LVEF in patients with CAD and HF.
The Influence of Intraoperative Ultrasound Monitoring on the Risk of Recurrence and Reoperation in Patients with Hysteromyomectomy
Authors: Yu Sanmei , Xiang Yanni
Published: June 2022

In recent years, with the continuous development and application of minimally invasive methods in China, laparoscopic myomectomy has become the primary method for clinical treatment of uterine fibroids. There is also a high risk of recurrence and reoperation after endoscopic myomectomy. Intraoperative use of ultrasound for auxiliary examination can provide medical staff with spatial information and position information of fibroids and help medical staff to accurately locate the surgical incision. The aim is to investigate the effect of intraoperative ultrasound monitoring on the risk of postoperative recurrence and reoperation in patients undergoing myomectomy. This study retrospectively collected 80 patients who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy in the gynecology department of our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into a study group and a control group (both n = 40). The control group underwent preoperative ultrasonography and then underwent myomectomy, while the study group underwent both preoperative and intraoperative ultrasonography before undergoing hysterectomy. Myomectomy: all the enrolled patients were followed up by ultrasound after surgery and followed up for 1 year (recheck ultrasound every 3 months). The indicators, postoperative complications, postoperative average diameter of uterine fibroids, postoperative residual rate of uterine fibroids, postoperative recurrence, and reoperation were compared between the two groups. Intraoperative ultrasound monitoring has a significant effect on patients undergoing myomectomy, which can effectively reduce the residual rate of fibroids, completely remove small and deep fibroids, and reduce complications, postoperative recurrence, and reoperation risks. It has good clinical application value.
Clinical Observation of Patients Undergoing Glioma Surgery under Propofol and Sevoflurane Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Fang Junbiao , Wang Hongfa , Zhang Weihua , Yang Kaichuang , Wang Weiyu
Published: June 2022

Objective. To observe the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on patients undergoing glioma surgery. Methods. 192 patients with gliomas treated in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 were selected. All patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The observation group was given sevoflurane and the control group was given propofol. The clinical effects of the two groups were observed. Results. Comparison of clinical indexes related to intraoperative conditions between the two groups revealed that the time of anesthesia and extubation after operation in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant

P
<
0.05

. The amount of intraoperative bleeding in the observation group was less than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant

P
<
0.05

. There was no significant difference in intracranial operation time, operation time, fluid volume, and urine volume between the two groups

P
<0.
05

. Comparing the recovery time of anesthesia between the two groups, the recovery time of orientation and the time of eye-opening in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group

P

<

0.05

. Comparing the consciousness and cognitive function of the two groups, the OAAS score of the observation group after extubation, before leaving the operating room and 1 hour after extubation, was significantly higher than that of the control group

P
<
0.05

, and the MMSE score l h after extubation was significantly higher than that of the control group

P
<
0.05

. Comparing the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups, the number of cases of restlessness, urinary infection, deep vein thrombosis, and hypertension in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance

P
<
0.05

. Conclusion. The anesthesia time and extubation time of the sevoflurane anesthesia group were shorter than that of the propofol anesthesia group, and the orientation recovery time and eye-opening time were shortened. The OAAS score of the sevoflurane anesthesia group was higher than that of the propofol anesthesia group after extubation, before extubation, and 1 hour after extubation. The probability of postoperative complications in the sevoflurane anesthesia group was lower than that in the propofol anesthesia group. Sevoflurane anesthesia may be more suitable for surgical induction of glioma patients than propofol anesthesia.
An Approach to Oral English Assessment Based on Intelligent Computing Model
Authors: Jing Caihong , Zhao Xiaoling , Ren Haiyan , Chen Xuexia , Gaowa Naren
Published: June 2022

“English craze” has become a key topic of concern to the majority of the people. Apart from setting English as a compulsory course like Chinese and Mathematics in schools, various English training institutions outside the school are also emerging one after another. Due to the English teaching mode in class, dumb English appears. In recent years, with the popularity of virtual electronic devices, more and more researchers try to use virtual reality (VR) to create an immersive English learning environment. Oral English teaching is an important part of the whole English teaching. In the traditional English classroom teaching practice, teachers’ pronunciation is not standard, and students are difficult to learn the correct pronunciation standard, which makes oral English very passive. The most important problem in oral English teaching is to improve students’ interest in oral English, make students willing to speak and realize English communication. Oral English teaching is an important link in both primary and secondary schools and universities. Teachers are afraid of nonstandard pronunciation in limited classrooms, and they are afraid to speak and unwilling to speak, which leads to passive oral English teaching. Therefore, this paper will set up an intelligent computing model to evaluate and analyze spoken English in a standard and accurate way. Artificial intelligence speech synthesis and imitation of voice change are typical applications of decoupling representation learning in speech, the oral evaluation is based on the proposition that speech is a dynamic and complex process. With the help of the rapidly developed computer speech synthesis and imitation technology, an oral evaluation path based on speech synthesis and imitation is proposed, that is, oral evaluation is carried out by using the network parameters and output of deep learning of computer speech imitation.
Efficacy and Safety of Ganduqing Granules in Treating the Common Cold: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Yilan , Zhou Piao , Wu Yuxiao , Cao Huaqin , Hao Wenfeng , Wang Fei , Guo Jing
Published: June 2022

Background. There is no clear evidence-based medicine that points to the most effective drug treatments for the common cold. In view of its ability to relieve symptoms and shorten the disease course, as well as its minimal side effects, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used to treat the common cold. However, there is a lack of strong evidence to support the clinical efficacy of TCM. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ganduqing granules in the treatment of the common cold based on the network pharmacology analysis. Methods. In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 60 eligible subjects will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the placebo group. The intervention group will be treated with Ganduqing granules, while the placebo group will be treated with placebo. After 5 days of intervention, the efficacy and safety of Ganduqing granules in the treatment of the common cold will be observed. The primary outcome is the time to clearance of all symptoms. The secondary outcomes included the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, SOD, and MDA in the peripheral blood, time to disappearance of primary symptoms and secondary symptoms, clinical symptom remission rate, and change in TCM syndrome score. Results. Sixty participants completed the study. Ganduqing granules showed a greater effect on the time to clearance of all symptoms

P
<
0.0001

, nasal discharge

P
=
0.0124

, fatigue and lack of strength

P
=
0.0138

, dryness of the pharynx

P

<

0.0001

, pharyngalgia or dysphagia

P
<
0.0001

, and expectoration

P
<
0.0431

compared with the placebo group. Participants in the intervention group had a greater decrease of IL-6 levels compared with the placebo group

P
<
0.007

; similar results were observed for the SOD

P
<
0.033

. However, the change in TNF-α and MDA levels in the intervention group was not significantly different from the placebo group. In addition, participants in the intervention group had a greater decrease of TCM syndrome score compared with the placebo group

P
<
0.040

. Conclusion. Ganduqing granules could improve common cold symptoms, shorten the disease course, attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress, and provided objective evidence for the efficacy and safety of a Chinese herbal medicine in treating the common cold.
Automatic Lane Line Detection System Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ji Gaoqing , Zheng Yunchang
Published: June 2022

As the need for an intelligent transport system is growing rapidly, lane line detection has gained a lot of attention recently. Aiming at the problem that the YOLOv3 algorithm has low accuracy and high probability of missed detection when detecting lane lines in complex environments, a lane line detection method for improving YOLOv3 network structure is proposed. The improvement is focused on detection speed and accuracy. Firstly, according to the characteristics of inconsistent vertical and horizontal distribution density of lane line pictures, the lane line pictures are divided into s ∗ 2S grids. Secondly, the detection scale is adjusted to four detection scales, which is more suitable for small target detection such as lane line. Thirdly, the YOLOv3’s backbone is changed by adopting Darknet-49 architecture. Finally, parameters of anchor and loss function are optimized so that they focus on detecting lane line. The experimental results show that on the KITTI (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyoko Technological Institute) dataset, the mean average precision value is 92.03% and the processing speed is 48 fps. Compared with other algorithms, it is significantly improved in detection accuracy and real-time performance. It is promising to employ the proposed approach in lane line detection system.
[Retracted] Benefit Modeling and Analysis of Wind Power Generation under Social Energy Economy and Public Health
Authors: Liu Ying , Abdul Karim Zulkefly , Khalid Norlin , Said Fathin Faizah
Published: June 2022

Wind is a renewable energy source. Overall, using wind to produce energy has fewer effects on the environment than many other energy sources. Wind and solar energy provide public health and environmental benefits to the social. Wind turbines may also reduce the amount of electricity generation from fossil fuels, which results in lower total air pollution and carbon dioxide emissions. In order to better optimize the effect of social energy economic management and facilitate the multiobjective decision making of coordinated development of energy and socioeconomic environment, a modeling and analysis method of economic benefits of wind power generation based on deep learning is proposed. In this paper, based on the principle of deep learning, the evaluation indicators of wind power economic benefits are excavated, a scientific and reasonable economic benefit evaluation system is constructed, a wind power economic benefit analysis model supported by public management is constructed, and the steps of wind power economic benefit analysis are simplified. It is concluded that the modeling and analysis method of wind power economic benefits based on deep learning has high practicability in the actual application process, which is convenient for the prediction and analysis of energy demand for social and economic development.
The Effect of Distance Education Conducted during the COVID‐19 Pandemic Period on the Psychomotor Skill Development of a Dental School Students
Authors: Eroğlu Erdal , Kolcu Giray , Kolcu Mukadder İnci Başer
Published: June 2022

Purpose. This study compared the development of face‐to‐face (F2F) psychomotor skills vs. a modified online dental anatomy course during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods. The 9‐HPT is regularly applied for the students’ psychomotor skill assessment in the Faculty of Dentistry of Süleyman Demirel University. In the 2020‐21 academic year, 92.2% of students who took the dental anatomy course in distance education voluntarily participated in this study (observation group). These data were compared with 34.6% of students who applied for 9‐HPT in 2019‐2020 in F2F education (control group). The Mann–Whitney U test and t‐test were used for comparison. The significance level was taken as p < 0.05. Results. Based on the dominant hand 9‐HPT score, a positive change occurred in 81.8% of the F2F and 61.6% of the online education students. Based on both dominant and nondominant hand 9‐HPT scores, a statistically significant difference between the change in scores according to the fall/spring term measurements was observed in both F2F and distance education (p < 0.001). However, the F2F‐educated group students showed better psychomotor skill development than those exposed to the online‐educated group in 9‐HPT. The results showed statistical significance for both dominant and nondominant hands (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The F2F education is the gold standard in psychomotor skill training; however, in cases where this approach cannot be realized, practical training protocols modified for online training may contribute to the motor development of students.