bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short Communication: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphisms in Madura karapan and beef cattle breed
Authors: Perwitasari-Farajallah Dyah , ROSE IDA UMMAH  , REVA ADZANI NURJANNAH  , ACHMAD FARAJALLAH
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Perwitasari D, Ummah RI, Nurjannah RA, Farajallah A. 2019. Short Communication: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphisms in Madura karapan and beef cattle breed. Biodiversitas 20: 3070-3074. Madura cattle breed is one of the four existing indigenous cattle breeds (Aceh, Pesisir, Madura, and Bali) in Indonesia. This Indonesian breed derived from crossbreeding between Bos indicus (zebu) and Bos javanicus (banteng). Cattle raising in Madura focused on three purposes i.e. bull race competition (karapan), beauty contest (sonok) and meat production. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (somatomedin-IGF-1) is a protein that plays a key role in cell differentiation, embryogenesis, growth, and regulation of metabolism. In cattle, the IGF-1 gene was localized on chromosome 5. Due to their role in the regulation of cell proliferation and animal growth, the IGF-1 and its gene are considered as candidate markers for growth rate and meat production traits. This research aimed to determine nucleotide variations in the IGF-1 gene among Madura karapan and beef cattle. PCR amplification of IGF-1 gene was conducted using a pair of primers. Amplicon was sent to commercial DNA sequencing company (1st Base) to perform DNA sequencing analysis. The size of IGF-1 gene was approximately 762 bp consisted of intron 3, exon 4, and intron 4. Sequence data were analyzed using MEGA 7 to identify the presence of nucleotide variation. Bos indicus (NC032654) was used as a reference sequence. The results showed no polymorphism was observed in intron 3 and exon 4 of Madura karapan and beef cattle breed. We determined G491A point mutation in intron 4. In conclusion, IGF-1 could not be able to be used as a genetic marker to differentiate karapan and beef cattle and furthermore morphological characteristics still can be applied as a standard for selection.
Correlation between some landscape metrics and insect species richness in coffee agroforests in Pangalengan Subdistrict, Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: WITHANINGSIH SUSANTI , Parikesit  , MUHAMMAD BURHANUDDIN RABBANY
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Parikesit, Rabbany MB. 2019. Correlation between some landscape metrics and insect species richness in coffee agroforests in Pangalengan Subdistrict, Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3075-3085. The insect community provides valuable ecosystem services and can help maintain ecosystem integrity in human-altered landscapes such as coffee agroforests. The aim of this study was to assess the landscape characteristics of coffee agroforests in the Pangalengan Subdistrict and analyze how those characteristics influence the insect communities. Landscape metric approaches were examined to quantify landscape characteristics and the results analyzed using correspondence analysis to determine variation among samples, and simple linear regression testing was used to determine the influence of those landscape characteristics on the insect community. Seventeen sample locations varied in characteristics based on the proportion of the land cover classes, and landscape characteristics determined the number of insect species. The number of insect species showed strong negative correlation with landscape heterogeneity (R2=0.456) and number of patches (R2=0.514) and a weak positive response to the proportion of natural forest remaining (R2=0.150). Number of insect species showed a strong negative correlation to landscape heterogeneity, number of patches, and number of natural forest remaining simultaneously (R2=0.514).
Cellulolytic enzyme-producing thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of Cisolok Geysers, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: PUTRI PRATIWI SETYANINGSIH  , FITRIA NINGSIH  , MAZYTHA KINANTI RACHMANIA  , WINDA AYU SYAFITRI  , DHIAN CHITRA AYU FITRIA SARI  , SHUHEI YABE  , AKIRA YOKOTA  , ARIYANTI OETARI  , Sjamsuridzal Wellyzar
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Setyaningsih PP, Ningsih F, Rachmania MK, Syafitri WA, Sari DCAF, Yabe S, Yokota A, Oetari A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2019. Cellulolytic enzyme-producing thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of Cisolok Geysers, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3134-3141. This study investigated 17 thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of geysers in the Cisolok geothermal area, West Java, as potential producers of cellulase. Screening for cellulase was performed on minimal (Mm) agar medium with and without the addition of 1% (w/v) carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), then incubated at 45, 50, 55 and 60°C for up to 7 days. Formation of clear zones around colonies indicated cellulose hydrolysis. The results showed that 15, 14, 4, and 3 isolates showed cellulolytic activity on CMC agar medium at 45, 50, 55, and 60°C, respectively, after 7 days of incubation. Three potential isolates showed cellulolytic activity on MCC agar medium after being incubated for 7 days at 45°C. Molecular identification based on the 16S rRNA gene was performed for three isolates with positive cellulolytic activity at 60°C. The results showed that the three isolates are closely related to Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T with 99.93-100% sequence similarities. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that the three isolates were clustered together with Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T with 100% bootstrap value. The tree also showed that cellulase producers and non-cellulase producers in Thermomonosporaceae are grouped into different clades.
Poverty distribution of different types of forest-related communities: Case study in Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park and mangrove forest in Sidodadi Village, Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: ROMMY QURNIATI  , ARIEF DARMAWAN  , RIZKI BAHAGIA UTAMA  , MAKOTO INOUE
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Qurniati R, Darmawan A, Utama RB, Inoue M. 2019. Poverty distribution of different types of forest-related communities: Case study in Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park and mangrove forest in Sidodadi Village, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3153-3163. Forest has important role in community because it can influence social characteristics as well as the quality of life of the household. In the tropics, many people living around forest are in poor conditions. Sidodadi Village of Pesawaran District, Lampung Province bordered to Wan Abdul Rachman (WAR) Forest Park in the upland and mangrove forest in the coastal area represents a good case study of communities living adjacent to forests with different ecosystem type. The research objective was to identify and analyze the characteristics and the level of household poverty of community living around two forested areas (i.e. upland forest in WAR Forest Park versus mangrove forest) in Sidodadi Village. In this village, households were interviewed by randomly selecting 215 respondents. The poverty was analyzed using five indicators, i.e. the economic characteristics, material wealth, health, infrastructure and services, and knowledge. The study found that base on the aggregated five poverty indicators there were no households categorized as poor. However, analyses in each indicator had diverse results. Based on the indicators of knowledge and economic characteristics, we found that most respondents were classified as poor while based on three other indicators there were classified as rich. The poor knowledge level was dominantly in older people who have low formal and informal education, while poverty in terms of economic characteristics due to limited opportunity to have better livelihood. Results also indicate that the poor households were located near mangrove forests while those classified as rich were located near upland forest in WAR Forest Park. The rich households had better opportunities to earn income from limited uses of forest in the upland area, yet similar opportunities were not obtained from mangrove forests. Sustainable use of mangrove forests should be considered to support the livelihood option of the surrounding community to enhance their wealth.
The Short Communication: Polymorphism of myostatin gene and its association with body weight traits in a hybrid of GAMA chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus Linn. 1758)
Authors: ARDO TANJUNG  , H.T.S.S.G. SARAGIH  , TRIJOKO  , H.P. SOENARWAN  , S. WIDIANTO  , I.W.S. MAHARDHIKA  , B.S. DARYONO
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Tanjung A, Saragih HTSSG, Trijoko, Soenarwan HP, Widianto S, Mahardhika IWS, Daryono BS. 2019. Polymorphism of myostatin gene and its association with body weight traits in a hybrid of GAMA chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus Linn. 1758). Biodiversitas 20: 3207-3212. An experiment was conducted to detect SNP of the myostatin gene and its association with the body weight of hybrid chicken crossbreed from F1 Kamper and BC1 Broiler. Four F1 Kamper hens were crossbred with BC1 Broiler rooster. Day old chick (DOC) hatched were maintained for 49 days with body weight measurement every seven days. The blood samples from 49 days old chicken were taken for DNA isolation by Chelex 5% method and then amplification of the myostatin gene. PCR products were sequenced, and sequence alignment was performed using Clustal Omega to obtain SNP. The SNP obtained was analyzed by the Pearson correlation test with the body weight of forty nine-days-old chickens. The body weight of the hybrid chicken is higher than of Pelung chicken but lower than the Broiler. There are 7 SNPs in myostatin gene exons included 2 Adenine insertions, 1 Guanine deletion, and four substitutions (C2244G, G2283A, T4842G, G7378T) that yield nine haplotypes. Six haplotypes had different protein sequences with Myostatin protein, while three haplotypes were identical to Myostatin protein. The correlation analysis showed that there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.736) between normal Myostatin protein and mutant to chicken body weight at 49-days-old. Adenine insertion to nucleotide 2099-2100 of myostatin gene had a very strong positive correlation (r = 0.800) to 49-days-old chicken body weight, although T4842G substitution had a strong negative relationship (r = -0.773) to 49-days-old chicken body weight. Adenine insertion to nucleotide 2099-2100 of myostatin gene could be a genetic marker of heavier body weight of the hybrid chicken.
Coping with sexual harassment: the experience of young working women in Italy
Authors: Beltramini Lucia , Bastiani Federica , Feresin Mariachiara , Romito Patrizia
Published: January 2020

The aims of this qualitative study were to describe sexual harassment (SH) as experienced by young Italian women in the workplace and to analyse their reactions and forms of resistance. A sample of 20 university students who mostly held casual jobs was recruited at one university and interviewed in 2017–18; the transcriptions were analysed using a thematic method.

Respondents experienced multiple forms of SH, from sexual comments and requests to physical contacts, carried out by male employers, co-workers and customers. Often SH had a pronounced pornographic nature, and occasionally women were treated as ‘prostitutes’; dress-code implied ‘dressing sexily’, and becomes a form of SH.

All women evaluated these behaviours as inappropriate, but no one considered making a formal complaint. They reported confusion, attempts to minimise, going along with a smile, asking the help of colleagues, and using the boyfriend as a protector. Few took direct actions such as confronting the harassers, retaliating or complaining to the employer. Notwithstanding the hostility and humiliation experienced, the young women interviewed retained a strong sense of their dignity as workers, which can count as another form of resistance to a system that consistently tries to objectify them and disqualify them as workers.
Improving purity of the radially polarized beam generated by a geometric phase retarder with spatially variable retardance
Authors: Ivanov Maksym , Matijošius Aidas , Tamulienė Viktorija
Published: January 2020

Geometric phase retarders—such as q-plates and S-waveplates—have found wide applications due to simplicity of operational principles and flexibility for the generation of azimuthally symmetric polarization states and optical vortices. Ellipticity of the polarization vector and phase of the generated beam strongly depend on the retardation of the plate. Real devices usually have retardation value slightly different than the nominated one. Previously unattended perturbation of the retardation leads to asymmetry in intensity distribution and variation of ellipticity of the local polarization vector of the generated beam. We elucidate that controlled and intentionally driven azimuthally variable, oscillating perturbation of the retardation reveals the possibility to avoid distortions in the generated beam and leads to the recovery of the symmetrically distributed intensity and polarization (with zero ellipticity) of the beam. Described recovery of the desired polarization state could find application for generation of the high purity beam with azimuthally symmetric polarization, in which the local polarization ellipse has zero ellipticity.
Experimental research on a Raman-based distributed temperature sensor assisted by PCA for locating the temperature abnormal event of nuclear waste drums
Authors: Wang Honghui , Wang Xiang , Tuo Xianguo , Liu Tong , Meng Lingyu , Zhong Pan
Published: January 2020

Aimed at locating the temperature abnormal event of nuclear waste drums in a nuclear waste temporary storage repository by a Raman-based distributed temperature sensor, a principal component analysis (PCA)-based method for application is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified in the physical simulation device of the nuclear waste drums. First, some samples of the temperature abnormal event with known location are taken as the reference samples, and their features are extracted by PCA. Then, the features of the test sample data to be located are also extracted by PCA. The Euclidean distance is used to measure the similarity between the features of the test sample and the feature of each reference sample. Finally, we find the reference sample that is most similar to a test sample, the location of which is considered the location of the temperature anomaly event for the test sample. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately locate the temperature abnormal event of the nuclear waste drums, and the accuracy rate can reach 96%. The method that is proposed in this paper can reliably locate the temperature abnormal event generated by the nuclear waste temporary storage repository induced by external factors such as landslides or earthquakes, and provide technical support for nuclear safety.
Absolute frequency measurements of the 1S0 → 1P1  transition in ytterbium
Authors: Lauprêtre Thomas , Groult Lucas , Achi Bachir , Petersen Michael , Kersalé Yann , Delehaye Marion , Lacroûte Clément
Published: January 2020

The ytterbium atom is widely used in the fields of atomic physics, cavity quantum electrodynamics, quantum information processing, and optical frequency standards. There is however a strong dispersion among the reported values of the 1S0 → 1P1 transition frequency. In this article, we present two independent measurements of the absolute frequency of this transition performed with two different wavemeters using atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. The cancellation of Doppler shifts is obtained by fine tuning the angle between the probe laser and the atomic beam. The resulting 174Yb isotope transition frequency is estimated to be 751 526 537 ± 27 MHz.
Understanding media in the context of object-oriented ontology
Authors: Klyagin Sergey , Antonova Irina
Published: January 2020

Abstract This article examines the theoretical conditions of studying media considered as a specific type of phenomenon, a 'medium phenomenon', to use a philosophical term. The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate the interpretations of the medium phenomenon in
the context of object-oriented ontology, with the authors drawing on the latest philosophical theories and explaining other scholars' reasons for investigating media in particular ways. As part of this inquiry, the authors aim at clarifying the content of the medium phenomenon whilst explaining
the reasons for investigating the medium from specific positions in the context of the latest philosophical theories. The authors conclude their inquiry by offering the examination and evaluation of the potential of object-oriented ontologies aimed at characterizing the medium as a type of
social object. As the medium's distinctive features are revealed, the authors suggest that interrogating it further is important for improving our understanding of social processes and creating new strategies and technologies of media usage.
Davidson and the language of new media
Authors: Riesenfeld Dana
Published: January 2020

Abstract This article claims that attempts to define the language of new media (LNM) as a unique linguistic phenomenon face problems stemming from a definition of language that takes knowledge of linguistic rules to be essential for understanding. I suggest that Davidson's
later philosophy of language, as outlined in his 1986 paper 'A nice derangement of epitaphs', and especially his rejection of traditional definitions of language and understanding, offers an enlightening and important insight to the question of how understanding is achieved by the LNM. Although
preceding the digital era, I argue that Davidson's redefinition of linguistic understanding as not necessarily rule dependent enables us to better understand our linguistic time in general and the LNM in particular.
La relación entre el mercado de trabajo y las políticas activas de empleo y desarrollo local en el País Valenciano (1997-2017): un estudio en curso
Authors: Aguado Hernández Juli Antoni
Published: January 2020

El texto presenta la relación entre los indicadores del mercado de trabajo y la configuración social del empleo y el presupuesto de las políticas activas de empleo y de desarrollo local en el País Valenciano en los últimos veinte años. A través del análisis de los datos del Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social y del Servicio Valenciano de Empleo y Formación, muestra los resultados de una investigación en curso. Las principales conclusiones a las que se ha llegado son que el gasto en las políticas de empleo ha sido incoherente con la evolución del mercado laboral en los momentos de mayor necesidad de estas actuaciones. Esta desarticulación se atribuye a que estas actuaciones son diseñadas en las administraciones estatal y autonómica pero implementadas en el ámbito local, que carece de una delimitación de competencias concretas y no tiene un reflejo normativo ni presupuestario en la materia.
El diálogo social y la negociación colectiva como herramientas para lograr una transición digital justa
Authors: Alvarez Cuesta Henar
Published: January 2020

Frente a los retos que plantea la tecnología, en particular la digitalización y automatización en el mundo laboral, la respuesta ha de ser afrontar la gobernanza de los cambios mediante una transición justa para los trabajadores y las empresas. Este artículo analiza las vías para llevar a cabo la transición justa pretendida, que consisten en recurrir a las herramientas habituales para aplicarlas a estas realidades (diálogo social y negociación colectiva), teniendo como idea transversal que el Derecho del Trabajo no ha de perder su esencia ni su finalidad protectora. Para ello, se examinan los obstáculos a los que se enfrenta tanto el diálogo social como la negociación colectiva en la actualidad y se apuntan las oportunidades que presenta esta nueva realidad, tanto a la hora de adaptar estructuras, estrategias y actuaciones, como de incorporar nuevos contenidos capaces de responder al desafío tecnológico.
La desconexión digital y el registro de la jornada diaria en España como mecanismos para garantizar el descanso, la salud y el bienestar de los trabajadores digitales a distancia
Authors: Arrieta Idiakez Francisco Javier
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la situación en España de los trabajadores digitales a distancia en relación con el derecho a la desconexión digital y el registro de la jornada. Y ello porque se defenderá que estas dos instituciones constituyen instrumentos esenciales para la protección de la salud de los mismos. Por ello, tras realizar una introducción sobre el efecto que están teniendo en los trabajadores las tecnologías de la comunicación y de la información, se estudiará el concepto de trabajo digital a distancia. A continuación, se analizarán los riesgos que traen causa de dicha modalidad de trabajo para afrontar su protección. Y, finalmente, se estudiarán, como principales instituciones de protección, el derecho a la desconexión digital y el registro de la jornada conforme a las particularidades que presentan para con los trabajadores digitales a distancia.
Воспроизводство населения Томска в 1918-1926 гг.
Authors: Косыгина Светлана Валерьевна
Published: January 2020

Целью исследования является характеристика динамики показателей воспроизводства населения Томска в 1918-1926 гг. В работе впервые представлены основные показатели воспроизводства населения, установлены тенденции динамики движения горожан. Задачи исследования: расчет демографических показателей, выявление основных демографических тенденций в зависимости от социально-экономических условий, определение влияния войн и революций на рост и снижение численности горожан. Использовались методы статистического анализа, статистическое наблюдение, сводка и группировка статистических материалов, абсолютные и относительные статистические величины, выборка, ряды динамики. Хронологические рамки охватывают 1918-1926 гг., выбор нижней границы объясняется началом Гражданской войны и изменением в динамике населения, выбор верхней границы определяется проведением Всесоюзной переписи населения в 1926 г. Делается вывод, что с 1918 г. начал проявляться демографический кризис, ставший в 1920-1922 гг. демографической катастрофой. Процент убыли городского населения в 1918-1922 гг. был наиболее высоким. Катастрофическое падение численности населения объяснялось гибелью молодых мужчин в Гражданской войне, тифозной и холерной эпидемиями. Сокращению населения способствовало закрытие большинства промышленных предприятий, что вызвало отток крестьян обратно в деревни.
Кризис в заливе Нутка 1790 г.: англо-испанское противостояние
Authors: Куницын Александр Александрович
Published: January 2020

В статье рассматривается малоизученный в отечественной историографии эпизод англо-испанских отношений: территориальный спор Лондона и Мадрида вокруг залива Нутка, расположенного на о. Ванкувер у западного побережья Канады, в 1790 г. Стремительно развивающиеся события вокруг малоизученного залива и неуступчивость двух держав поставили страны на грань полноценной войны. В это противостояние были втянуты и их союзники — Голландия и Франция. Однако Франция, ослабленная революцией, не смогла выполнить свои союзнические обязательства. Кроме того, англоиспанский конфликт усилил внутренний разлад в Париже. Все это привело к тому, что испанский двор был вынужден отказаться от каких-либо претензий на залив. Заключив в 1794 г. конвенцию, Англия и Испания взаимно отказались от каких-либо суверенных прав на залив, тем самым объявив его свободным для доступа подданных обеих держав. Нуткинская конвенция ознаменовала собой отказ от принципов обладания территорией по праву открытия, что впоследствии привело к изменению характера колониальной политики мировых держав и к их ожесточенному противостоянию в колониях во второй половине XIX в.
Вклад Г.Х. Рабиновича в изучение истории буржуазии дореволюционной Сибири
Authors: Скубневский Валерий Анатольевич , Климова Ольга Геннадьевна
Published: January 2020

Исследованию истории регионального предпринимательства посвящено много работ сибирских историков. При изучении историографического освоения проблематики весьма важным видится обращение к персоналиям ученых, внесших наиболее существенный вклад в развитие темы. Одной из наиболее значимых фигур советских историков, посвятивших свое научное творчество истории буржуазии в дореволюционной Сибири, является Григорий Хацкельевич Рабинович. По изучению истории буржуазии ученым проделан большой путь, и сегодня можно констатировать многочисленные публикации, их жанровое многообразие, огромное увеличение источниковой базы и документов. Г.Х. Рабиновичем опубликовано более 50 научных работ. Для трудов историка характерны широкий охват проблематик исследования, изучение исторических процессов на основе богатого архивного материала, включение сибирской истории в контекст российской и мировой. Предложенные профессором принципы и структурные компоненты анализа буржуазии в настоящее время считаются общепринятыми. Серьезное исследование предпринимательства Сибири началось именно с его творчества, значение которого еще не до конца оценено. Выводы исследователя получили дальнейшее развитие в трудах современных историков Сибири. Тематика проблем, связанных с изучением истории предпринимательства буржуазии, позволяет утверждать, что научное наследие Г.Х. Рабиновича можно отнести к несомненным достижениям сибирской историографии третьей четверти XX в.
К вопросу о территории обнаружения предметов из Сибирской коллекции Петра I
Authors: Фролов Ярослав Владимирович
Published: January 2020

На сегодняшний день существуют две наиболее обоснованных гипотезы о районах происхождения предметов из Сибирской коллекции Петра I. Исследователи рассматривают две основные территории действий «бугровщиков» по ограблению курганов в период формирования коллекции. Один из этих регионов — лесостепные районы Тоболо-Иртышья. Другим регионом является юго-западная часть Обь-Иртышского междуречья.

Сведения о присоединении территорий Северного Казахстана, Кулунды и Верхнего Приобья к Российскому государству в начале XVIII в. позволяют утверждать, что основная часть предметов Сибирской коллекции Петра I, собранная в 1715-1716 гг., происходит из районов юга Обь-Иртышского междуречья. Курганы из районов Тоболо-Иртышья были разграблены бугровщиками в конце XVII — первые годы XVIII в. Новые возможности продвинуться в степные районы юга Обь-Иртышского междуречья у бугровщиков возникли в ходе военных походов И.Д. Бухгольца в 1715 г. и Ф. Матигорова 1716 г., продвинувшихся в Прииртышье до оз. Ямышево.

Наличие большого числа курганов элиты общества поздней древности и Средневековья, а также аналогии предметам Сибирской коллекции из раскопок «царских» курганов на юге Обь-Иртышья подтверждают мнение М.И. Артамонова, С.И. Руденко и М.П. Грязнова о происхождении основной части Сибирской коллекции Петра I с этой территории.
Деятельность Семиреченского областного статистического комитета по сохранению историко-культурного наследия в регионе в конце XIX — начале XX в.
Authors: Скопа Виталий Александрович
Published: January 2020

На основе архивного материала и опубликованных источников рассматривается деятельность Семиреченского областного статистического комитета в конце XIX — начале XX в. по сохранению историко-культурного наследия в регионе посредством музейной деятельности. Анализ выявленных источников позволил реконструировать отдельные направления в работе музея по формированию коллекций и самостоятельных экспозиций.

Музей первоначально состоял из пяти отделов: физико-географического, этнографического, сельскохозяйственного, кустарно-промышленного и археологического. С конца XIX в. экспонаты музея пополнялись в основном за счёт пожертвований частных лиц, уездных начальников, учебных заведений, местных и центральных учреждений. Первыми меценатами были члены комитета Э.О. Баум и К.А. Ларионов. Они пожертвовали свои личные коллекции. Значимость формируемых музейных коллекций и экспозиций в регионе оценивалась весьма высоко.

С целью развития и пополнения коллекций музея члены статистического комитета организовывали и проводили научные экспедиции. В начале XX столетия на территории Семиречья с научной целью при непосредственном участии членов комитета работали экспедиции профессора Томского университета В.В. Сапожникова, Балхашская экспедиция действительного члена ИРГО Л.С. Берга и экспедиция Императорского Санкт-Петербургского ботанического сада.
Отражение состояния и развития инфраструктуры Барнаула в архивных материалах XIX — начала XX в.
Authors: Щетинина Анна Сергеевна
Published: January 2020

Исследование является продолжением работы по изучению пространственных и экологических аспектов инфраструктуры Барнаула. На данном этапе велось активное выявление документов в фондах Государственного архива Алтайского края (ГААК), проводился их анализ и описание. Данная работа содержит информацию о разновидностях городской инфраструктуры и их отражении в фондах ГААК. Анализировались информативность архивных фондов и документов и полнота отражения информации об объектах городской инфраструктуры. При этом была предварительно проведена классификация объектов инфраструктуры, выделены ее виды и объекты, к ним относящиеся. Описание и анализ архивных материалов осуществлялись с учетом данной классификации. Приводится информация о том, в каких фондах Государственного архива Алтайского края имеются документы, необходимые для изучения объектов городской инфраструктуры, за какой период, а также сведения о характере документной информации. Делаются выводы о степени отражения и характере информации архивных документов по тем или иным объектам инфраструктуры Барнаула за изучаемый период.
История открытия и начальные этапы изучения Фирсовского археологического микрорайона
Authors: Кунгуров Артур Леонидович , Кунгурова Ольга Фридриховна
Published: January 2020

Фирсовский археологический микрорайон (ФАМ), впервые выделенный и обоснованный А.Б. Шамшиным, является одним из интереснейших археологических комплексов Верхнего Приобья. На относительно ограниченной территории правобережья Оби в устьевой зоне р. Лосихи сосредоточено свыше трех десятков разнофациальных и разновременных объектов. Большое количество археологических объектов на ограниченном отрезке берега можно объяснить несколькими факторами. Первый — это степной характер правого борта долины Оби от села Кислухи до села Фирсово. Такой ландшафт пригоден для эффективного скотоводческого хозяйства. Второй фактор — впадение на этой территории в Обь нескольких малых рек — Лосихи, Повалихи, Кислухи и др. Третий фактор — чрезвычайно богатые биологическими ресурсами территории данного географического региона: обширная речная пойма, сосновый бор и примыкающие к нему степные пространства. Такие памятники, как некрополь Фирсово XIV и поселение позднего бронзового века Фирсово XVIII, являются крупнейшими на юге Западной Сибири. До сих пор при обследовании отдельных участков ФАМ ученые открывают все новые и новые памятники различных эпох. История открытия и изучения данного комплекса, насчитывающая уже более ста лет, является своеобразным срезом, маркирующим различные периоды развития науки, а также создание периодизации и хронологии древнейшей истории региона.
A Human REPIN1 Gene Variant: Genetic Risk Factor for the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Abshagen Kerstin , Berger Claudia , Dietrich Arne , Schütz Tatjana , Wittekind Christian , Stumvoll Michael , Blüher Matthias , Klöting Nora
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

We tested the hypothesis that a genetic deletion (Del) variant in the REPIN1 gene is associated with the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans.

METHODS:

Sixty-three donors of liver biopsies from individuals with obesity and different degrees of NAFLD and fibrosis were screened for a Del REPIN1 gene variant and liver REPIN1 mRNA expression.

RESULTS:

In 8 homozygous Del carriers, we found significantly lower NAFLD activity and fibrosis scores compared with 55 wild-type allele carriers.

DISCUSSION:

A Del variant of REPIN1 may be associated with a lower risk of the development of NAFLD.
Investigation and Numerical Simulation of a High-Current AC Circuit Breaker
Authors: Murashov I. , Frolov V. , Kvashnin A. , Valenta J. , Simek D. , Dostal L. , Kloc P.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the high-current AC circuit breaker. The results of the study are presented for various configurations of the arc divider. The study includes methods of spectral diagnostics and high-speed camera shooting synchronized with the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker (current, voltage) in time. The obtained results allow to determine the composition of the plasma and dynamics of changes in the composition of the discharge in time. Calculation of the plasma composition and properties is made according to the obtained data, which makes it possible to take into account the products of circuit breaker materials ablation in numerical simulation. Non-stationary two-dimensional mathematical model with a moving mesh is developed. The obtained results allow to correct and verify the developed mathematical model of the circuit breaker operation. The evaluation of the arc divider influence is presented in the article.
On the Interaction of a Microwave Excited Oxygen Plasma with a Jet of Precursor Material for Deposition Applications
Authors: Methling R. , Hempel F. , Baeva M. , Trautvetter T. , Baierl H. , Foest R.
Published: January 2020

A plasma source based on a microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure is used to produce an oxygen plasma torch. An admixture of liquid precursor material is evaporated and injected into the torch through a nozzle, causing oxidization and deposition of doped silica at a nearby quartz substrate. The temperature generated inside the plasma source and in the plume, in the region of treatment, and at the substrate surface are key parameters, which are needed for process description and optimization of plasma-chemical reactions.Optical emission spectroscopy, high-speed imaging, and thermography were applied to observe and to characterize the jet behavior and composition. The experimental results are compared with self-consistent modeling.
Equilibrum Composition of Thermal Plasma with Copper and Chromium Vapours Admixtures
Authors: Bartlova M. , Coufal O. , Veklich A. , Pokorny J.
Published: January 2020

Thermal plasma of electric arc is widely used in various technological applications: welding, cutting, lamps, spraying, protection of electrical installations, etc. Process efficiency is defined by different parameters that determine arc operation and influence the energy transfer within the medium. All energy exchanges depend on the medium, which is modified by the presence of the arc and more particularly by the appearance of new species from contact erosion. Sintered Cu-Cr composites are widely used as electrical contacts for vacuum circuit breakers. These materials take advantage of the high thermal and electrical conductivity of Cu and of the refractory and oxygen getter properties of reinforcing Cr particles. The aim of this paper is to give results of the calculation of the equilibrium composition of argon and air plasma with various admixtures of Cu and Cr.
Experimental and Simulation Studies on the Voltage Drop of Arc in Low-Voltage Circuit Breaker Splitters
Authors: Lu J. , Déplaude G. , Freton P. , Gonzalez J-J. , Joyeux P.
Published: January 2020

In low voltage circuit breaker (LVCB) apparatus, a current limitation is performed by increasing the arc voltage. This increase is mainly realized in the splitters plates of the arc chamber by additional drop voltages due to anode and cathode sheaths regions. The consideration of the voltage drops near-electrodes regions is so one of the most important mechanism to improve the description of the arc behavior in LVCB. In this paper, the arc voltage evolution has been studied by experimental and simulation by considering a simple geometry constituted by two rails runner with one or two splitters plates. One magneto hydrodynamic model in three dimensions (3D) was developed to simulate the arc motion and the arc splitting process. In order to compare with the model results, experimental tests have been carried out.
Approximate Determination of Radiation Properties in the Arc Plasmas With Admixtures of Copper Vapours
Authors: Bogatyreva N. , Bartlová M. , Aubrecht V. , Kloc P.
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper is to evaluate radiation properties of air arc plasmas with various admixtures of copper vapours. The first order of the method of spherical harmonics (P1-approximation) has been used as the way to solve the equation of radiation transfer. Calculations of the absorption coefficients for a thermal plasma have been performed as a function of the temperature and the frequency. The frequency variable in the equation of transfer was handled by means of multigroup method. Methods for prediction of the average absorption coefficients were described and compared in detail. The net emission coefficients have been determined for comparison.
THE STRUGGLE FOR SOCIAL WELFARE: TOWARDS AN EMERGING WELFARE SOCIOLOGY
Authors: BARANOWSKI MARIUSZ
Published: January 2020

The main aim of the article is to outline welfare sociology as a potential sub-discipline of sociology and to discuss the issues of broadly defined social welfare. While in contemporary social sciences the literature concerning welfare often focuses on themes such as happiness (psychology), prosperity (economics), or quality of life (sociology), these themes may be considered too narrow and do not reflect the complexity of the issue. However, if one considers the definition of social welfare through the prism of material and non-material needs, as well as the needs expressed individually and collectively, it is possible to attempt a comprehensive study of this phenomenon. The author uses the definition of social welfare to look at research on (a) welfare state regimes, (b) welfare attitudes and (c) issues of work in contemporary capitalism, all to enable the application of research results within the analysis of the title concept.
HOW MAINSTREAM ECONOMISTS EXPLAIN (OR NOT) UNEMPLOYMENT?
Authors: HUSSON MICHEL
Published: January 2020

One of the tasks assigned to mainstream economists is to legitimize the significance of unemployment. This paper aims to reconstruct the evolution of their approaches from the theoretical impossibility asserted by Pigou to the recognition of involuntary unemployment by Keynes and eventually to different versions of the natural unemployment rate. The unemployment rate had become an instrument for fine-tuning of the economy, but it no longer fulfills this role. It is then the whole dominant macroeconomics that is shaken to its foundations. But this crisis might help to return to expansionary fiscal policies (a Green New Deal) and to the Job Guarantee, thus echoing Keynes’ question: ‘There is work to do; there are men to do it. Why not bring them together?’
Review of English-medium instruction and pronunciation: Exposure and skills development; Author: Karin Richter; Publisher: Multilingual Matters, 2019; ISBN: 9781788922456; Pages: 202
Authors: Pawlak Mirosław
Published: January 2020

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Effect of antisolvents on the structure of regenerated cellulose: development of an efficient regeneration process
Authors: Dong Cuihua , Meng Yahui , Wang Binshou , Zhu Wenyuan , Pang Zhiqiang
Published: January 2020

In this study, the effect of antisolvents on the structure of regenerated microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained from the extraction of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl) was investigated; further, the usage of the aqueous N,N-dimethylmethanamide (DMF) solution was proposed as an effective antisolvent for cellulose regeneration. The results denoted that regeneration after dissolution resulted in a looser cellulose texture with a high specific surface area, low degree of polymerization (DP), low crystallinity index (CrI), and decreased thermostability, which are favorable for its downstream processing. Among the studied antisolvents, the DMF solution was superior in cellulose regeneration from BmimCl, as demonstrated by the kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis. The improved ability of the DMF solution with respect to cellulose regeneration can be attributed to the effective dispersion of H-bonds and the inductive hydrophobic orientation of cellulose chains; correspondingly, a looser H-bond network was observed in the regenerated cellulose. The DMF solution as an antisolvent offers an effective cellulose regeneration method and an optimal structure for subsequent processing and applications.
Callose-synthesizing enzymes as membrane proteins of Betula protoplasts secrete bundles of β-1,3-glucan hollow fibrils under Ca2+-rich and acidic culture conditions
Authors: Matsuo Shintaro , Tagawa Satomi , Matsusaki Yudai , Uchi Yuri , Kondo Tetsuo
Published: January 2020

Previously, it was reported that plant protoplasts isolated from Betula platyphylla (white birch) callus secreted bundles of hollow callose fibrils in acidic culture medium containing a high concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+). Here, the callose synthase was characterized from in situ and in vitro perspectives. Localization of callose synthases at the secreting site of callose fiber was indicated from in situ immunostaining observation of protoplasts. For in vitro analyses, membrane proteins were extracted from membrane fraction of protoplasts with a 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) treatment. The CHAPS extract aggregated in the presence of a high concentration of Ca2+, suggesting that Ca2+ may promote the arrangement of callose synthases in the plasma membrane. The callose synthase activity was dependent on pH and Ca2+, similar to the callose synthase of Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the synthesized fibril products were longer than those produced by callose synthases of herbaceous plants. This is the first insight into the specific properties of callose synthases of woody plants that secrete of callose hollow fibers.
Progestogen-only pills: which progestogen would be ideal
Authors: Egarter Christian
Published: January 2020

Compared with nonuse, combined hormonal contraceptives containing estrogen and a progestogen are associated with a roughly 2- to 3-fold increased risk of venous and a 2-fold increased risk of arterial thromboembolism, including stroke and acute myocardial infarction. These events are, however, overall rare among women of reproductive age. Historically, progestin-only pills were not thought to be linked with any thromboembolic risk increase. Therefore, these preparations may be valuable options in women who are ineligible to take combined hormonal contraceptives. Until recently, only progestogens with partial androgenic activities were available. As demonstrated in animal studies, more modern progestogens such as drospirenone with its anti-mineralocorticoid effects may be associated with even more favorable aspects, which have to be clinically demonstrated, however, in future studies.
“Any surrogate mothers?” A Debate on surrogacy in internet discussion forums
Authors: Doskočil Ondřej
Published: January 2020

Surrogacy has long been discussed in reproductive medicine. In the Czech Republic, surrogacy is not legally regulated. Because of this legal vacuum, there are no official procedures or organizations that openly deal with surrogacy. Potential surrogate mothers and applicants do not have many options for obtaining or sharing information. The only source is the Internet. Online forums are a popular tool for gaining information and contacts regarding surrogacy. The goal of this research was to use qualitative research methods to survey the most searched and discussed topics on Czech online discussion forum websites. We used discussions that we found on www.emimino.cz between 2009 and 2019. This article analyses the comments of the Internet forum discussants/participants, their involvement, knowledge of surrogacy, the information sought and their opinions. In particular, the participants discussed where to find a surrogate mother or how to become one. This article attempts to outline the discussions ordinary people have about surrogacy outside official expert forums.
Crime and Testament: Enemy Direct Speech in Inscriptions of Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal
Authors: Miller Eva
Published: January 2020

Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions are always narrated in the first-person voice of the king. Within this framing narrative, the device that we would call ‘direct speech’ is used only rarely, and judiciously. The texts that make the greatest use of this literary device both come from a period of particular innovation and experimentation in royal text forms: Esarhaddon’s Nineveh A and Ashurbanipal’s narratives about his campaign against Elamite king Teumman. In these examples, and in other texts of the time including Esarhaddon’s Succession Treaty, the words of enemies stand out as particularly threatening – and yet also particularly useful, as a literary device employed to further Assyrian agendas. Royal narratives use enemy speech for one of two purposes: either to document criminality, or to show enemies, in defeat and despair, testifying to the might and rightness of their Assyrian conquerors. Looking at all examples of speech – from enemies, gods, and the Assyrian king – I distinguish between ‘direct speech’ (as a literary device) and ‘quotation’ (as a practice). Most, though not all, direct speech in the sources considered here is also quotation, in that it seeks to document and preserve speech made in some other prior form (a verbal statement, a letter, an omen on an animal’s liver). Quotations demonstrate royal legitimacy and enemy culpability, while literary invention allows enemy voices to be turned to new purposes, as forced testament to Assyrian supremacy.
Prolegomena to a special volume on South Asian phonetics and phonology
Authors: Mahanta Shakuntala , Dutta Indranil
Published: January 2020

This chapter is a short thematic introduction to the papers that appear in this special volume on the phonetics and phonology of a selective but representative set of languages from the South Asian sprachbund. The volume consists of five papers that engage with a broad set of topics, namely, acoustics of Kalasha affricates, perception of breathiness in Gujarati, syllable structure of Kuki-Chin, syllable structure and incipient vowels in Lamkang, and vowel harmony in Assamese. These papers, we hope, are representative in terms of the choice of theoretical frameworks and methodologies employed in addressing the various linguistic phenomena.
Some Reflections on the Political Economy of Monetary Policy
Authors: de Haan Jakob
Published: January 2020

During the past decades, central bank independence has been increased in a large number of countries. However, even an independent central bank does not operate in a political vacuum. For instance, governments generally appoint political allies, presuming that consequently the central bank will follow policies that are in line with the governments’ preferences. The first part of this paper reviews recent research on whether the political ideology of the government has any impact on monetary policies pursued. It is argued that if forward-looking data are used to estimate Taylor-rule models for a panel of OECD countries that take country heterogeneity into account, there is no strong evidence for partisan effects on monetary policy. One of the reasons that central bank independence is no longer taken for granted is the acclaimed redistributive effects of monetary policy. The second part of the paper reviews recent research on the impact of conventional and unconventional monetary policy on income and wealth inequality. It is concluded that empirical research provides very mixed evidence on these issues and that it is not well connected to recent theoretical work.