bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
5S Your Life: Using an Experiential Approach to Teaching Lean Philosophy
Authors: Witt Christine M. , Sandoe Kent , Dunlap Joanna C.
Published: October 2018

Within the Information Systems domain, employers are often dissatisfied with graduates’ competence of the necessary technical skills in the area of integrated business processes. However, teaching complex concepts related to integrated business processes—such as the 5S lean philosophy—is particularly challenging. In this article, we describe how Kolb's experiential learning cycle was used to design a direct‐experience project to support students’ learning of the 5S lean philosophy. We also share the results of our inquiry into the effectiveness of the project in maximizing students’ learning of and ability to apply the 5S lean philosophy. Based on the results of this study, students’ knowledge of categories of waste and lean tools and knowledge of 5S steps significantly increased.
Foreign Direct Investment, Source Country Heterogeneity and Management Practices
Authors: Heyman Fredrik , Norbäck Pehr‐Johan , Hammarberg Rickard
Published: October 2018

This paper examines whether and, if so, why source country heterogeneity exists in foreign direct investment. Using detailed Swedish matched employer‐employee data for the period from 1996 to 2009, we find statistical evidence that affiliate performance differs systematically across source countries. We then show that differences in foreign multinational enterprises’ global management practices (estimated from the new firm‐level data from the World Management Survey) are an important determinant of productivity among foreign affiliates.
The effects of bank ownership on lending behaviour for different types of loans throughout the business cycle
Authors: Huang Haifeng , Shen Bingjie , Wang Tao
Published: October 2018

This paper examines the correlation between banks' ownership structure and lending behaviour in China using micro‐level data on China's banks during the 2003–2015 period to identify possible different patterns in bank lending supply responses to changes in the economic environment, with a focus on understanding whether bank lending patterns follow procyclical or countercyclical allocation rules. We analyse how different types of loans correlate with bank ownership and find that state‐owned banks and banks with relatively higher levels of government ownership follow more countercyclical lending allocation rules, which indicates that China's government uses the financial sector as an instrument to mitigate procyclicality in lending behaviour. We further find that the loan allocation patterns vary significantly for different types of loans in China. In particular, individual consumer loans and corporate loans exhibit clear countercyclical patterns—particularly among state‐owned banks—while residential mortgages show much smoother patterns over time and seem to be less affected by the business cycle.
Effects of competition on the territorial behaviour of a farmer damselfish, Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus (Perciformes: Pomacentridae)
Authors: Robles Laurence E. , Cabaitan Patrick C. , Aurellado Maria Eleanor B.
Published: October 2018

Aggression and territory size of the farmer damselfish Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus were examined in the presence of adjacent territories of conspecific and heterospecific farmers that maintain algal turf territories on the reefs of Anda, north‐western Philippines. Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus territories with no adjacent neighbours had a mean size of 1.2 m2 whereas those adjacent to conspecifics were 47% smaller. In contrast, the mean size of territories adjacent to a heterospecific farmer (i.e., Pomacentrus burroughi, Pomacentrus chrysurus) did not differ from that of solitary individuals. Aggression towards conspecific farmers (84% probability) was higher than heterospecific farmers (31%). The higher aggression towards conspecific farmers suggests that the energetic costs for defence increased, which may have caused a decrease in territory sizes. Despite the higher aggression towards conspecific farmers, the thickness and percentage cover of algae inside the territories of focal fish did not appear to vary according to type of neighbouring farmer although algal turf cover was higher and juvenile coral occurrence was lower inside than outside the territories. Our results show that the territorial behaviour of P. lacrymatus varies with conspecific and heterospecific farmers, which may influence their distribution and benthic habitat characteristics.
The associations of workload, individual and organisational factors on nurses’ occupational injuries
Authors: Bagheri Hosseinabadi Majid , Khanjani Narges , Etemadinezhad Siavash , Samaei Seyed Ehsan , Raadabadi Mehdi , Mostafaee Maryam
Published: October 2018

Aims and objectives

To determine the prevalence and type of occupational injuries in nurses and their associations with workload, working shift, and nurses’ individual and organisational factors.

Background

Nurses are vulnerable to occupational injuries due to the nature of their job.

Design

A cross‐sectional correlational design (based onSTROBEStatement) was conducted.

Methods

This study was conducted among 616 nurses of four public hospitals located in four different provinces in Iran. Data were collected using three questionnaires including an organisational and demographic questionnaire, an occupational injuries checklist and theNASA‐TLXquestionnaire (about mental workload). Chi‐square test, one‐wayANOVAand multivariate logistic regression were used inSPSSversion 23.0 for statistical analysis.

Results

Blood and body fluid exposures had the highest prevalence (47.4%) among all injuries. Needlestick injuries showed a significant relation with gender, age, number of shifts in a month and work experience. With increase in mental workload, needlestick injuries increase by 35%. Also, injuries reported by nurses working in rotating shifts were 15%–53% more than nurses working in fixed shifts.

Conclusion

Working in rotating shifts and work overload was significantly related to all injuries. Decreasing nurses’ mental workload, introducing guidelines and efficient training in shift work schedules can help decrease occupational injuries among nurses.

Relevance to clinical practice

In order to reduce occupational injuries among nurses, in addition to incorporating advanced management and technology, it is necessary to pay attention to psychosocial, individual and organisational risk factors related to occupational injuries and their frequency in nurses. Also, reducing personnel's mental and occupational pressure should be considered.
Iron deficiency anaemia due to proton pump inhibitors: clinical impact revealed
Authors: McCarthy D.
Published: October 2018

Click here to view the Original article by Dr. Tran‐Duy et al.
The influence of SLC6A3 and DRD2 polymorphisms on levodopa-therapy in patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease
Authors: dos Santos Erinaldo Ubirajara Damasceno , Sampaio Tiago F , Tenório dos Santos Aléxia D , Bezerra Leite Fernanda C , da Silva Ronaldo C , Crovella Sergio , Asano Amdore Guescel C , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge , de Souza Paulo Roberto E
Published: October 2018

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between DRD2/ANKK1 (rs1800497) and SLC6A3/DAT1 (rs28363170) gene polymorphisms with the response to levodopa (L-DOPA)-therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods

One hundred and ninety-five patients with idiopathic PD were investigated. Patients were genotyped for rs1800497 and rs28363170 polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association of polymorphisms with the occurrence of the chronic complications of L-DOPA therapy.

Key findings

Our results showed association between the occurrence of dyskinesia with an increased greater disease severity (P = 0.007), higher L-DOPA dose (P = 0.007) and use of dopamine agonist (P = 0.020). Moreover, there were significant protective effects for age (P = 0.004) and male subjects (P = 0.006).

Conclusions

Clinical and demographic characteristics of Brazilian PD patients and differences in DRD2 and DAT1 genes may to determine individual variations in the therapeutic response to L-DOPA in the Brazilian PD patients.
Dietary inclusion of dehydrated bocaiuva pulp increases the antioxidant potential of quail eggs
Authors: Nunes Kelly C. , Eyng Cinthia , Pintro Paula T. M. , Garcia Rodrigo G. , Murakami Alice E. , Vital Ana C. P. , Nunes Ricardo V. , Nesello Patricia O.
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary supplementation of different levels of dehydrated bocaiuva pulp (DBP) on the productive performance of laying quails, and on lipid oxidation, and quality in their eggs. A total of 120 quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% of DBP), five replicates and four birds per experimental unit. To evaluate lipid oxidation, the eggs were collected on five consecutive days at the end of the trial and distributed in a completely randomized experimental design in a 6 × 5 factorial scheme (eggs from quails fed different levels of DBP × evaluated fresh and after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). The antioxidant potential of diets was improved (p < 0.05) when the DBP was added estimated as 2,2'‐azinobis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazolin‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging capacity. No effect (p > 0.05) was observed on feed intake, hen‐day egg production and feed conversion (kg/kg and kg/dz). There were no changes (p > 0.05) in the egg weight, Haugh unit, yolk index or eggshell percentage. Although no difference was observed (p > 0.05), when comparing each level with the control, a negative linear effect (p < 0.05) on specific gravity was observed. In addition, only the treatment with 0.5% pulp exhibited lower (p < 0.05) eggshell thickness compared with the control (0%). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analysis showed that as the dietary pulp level was increased, malondialdehyde content decreased linearly (p < 0.05) in the egg yolks, regardless of the storage period. Inclusion of DBP in the diets had no effect (p > 0.05) on the concentration of conjugated dienes in the eggs. The diets containing DBP showed a potential antioxidant effect, reducing the degree of lipid oxidation in egg yolk. However, no beneficial effects were observed on performance and egg quality.
Relative bioavailability of humate–manganese complex for broilers fed a corn–soya bean meal diet
Authors: Zhao Fengli , He Chao , Peng Huanwei , Zhang Keying , Ding Xuemei , Wang Jianping , Zeng Qiufeng , Xuan Yue , Bai Shiping , Yu Changqing
Published: October 2018

The experiment was conducted to investigate the bioavailability of manganese (Mn) from humate–Mn complex relative to Mn sulphate for the starter broilers fed a conventional corn–soya bean meal diet. A total of 560 1‐day‐old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly allotted to one of eight replicate cages (10 chicks per cage) for each of seven treatments in a completely randomized design involving a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with two Mn sources (humate‐Mn and Mn sulphate) and three levels of added Mn (60, 120 or 180 mg Mn/kg) plus a Mn‐unsupplemented control diet containing 27.23 mg Mn/kg by analysis. At 14 days of age, the blood, liver, heart and tibia were collected for Mn analyses, and the activity and mRNA abundance of heart manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). The results showed that humate‐Mn supplementation decreased feed intake from day 1 to day 14, whereas it did not influence (p > 0.20) body weight at day 14 as compared to Mn sulphate. The Mn source did not influence Mn concentration in the liver, heart and tibia, and the activity and mRNA abundance of heart MnSOD, while humate‐Mn decreased plasma Mn as compared to Mn sulphate. The Mn concentration in the plasma and heart, and the activity and mRNA abundance of heart MnSOD increased linearly as dietary Mn concentration increased. Based on slope ratios from multiple linear regressions of Mn concentrations in the plasma and heart, and the activity and mRNA abundance of heart MnSOD on daily intake amount of dietary analysed Mn, the bioavailability of humate–Mn complex relative to Mn sulphate (100%) was 82.8, 90.4, 82.8 and 81.9 respectively. These results indicated that the Mn from humate‐Mn complex was just as bioavailable as the Mn from Mn sulphate for the starter broilers (day 1–14).
Investigation of an experimental infection model of equine coronavirus in adult horses
Authors: Schaefer Emily , Harms Corey , Viner Molly , Barnum Samantha , Pusterla Nicola
Published: October 2018

Background

Equine coronavirus (ECoV) is a recently reported enteric disease of adult horses. Natural infection by ECoV has been reported in adult horses worldwide, whereas experimental infection has only been reported in juvenile horses. An experimental infection model is needed to study the clinical presentation, laboratory abnormalities, and pathophysiological changes associated with ECoV.

Objectives

To investigate the clinical, hematologic, molecular, and serological features of adult horses experimentally infected with ECoV.

Animals

Eight adult horses.

Methods

Four horses were intragastrically infected with fecal material containing 109 genome equivalents of ECoV. Four additional horses were exposed daily to the feces from the experimentally‐infected horses. Monitoring included physical examinations, as well as daily nasal swab, whole blood, and fecal collection for molecular detection of ECoV. Blood was collected every other day for hematologic analysis and weekly for serologic analysis.

Results

All 8 horses shed ECoV in feces. Six of the 8 horses (75%) exhibited mild, clinical disease with soft, formed manure; 1 horse exhibited transient pyrexia. All horses maintained total white cell counts within normal limits, but 3 horses developed transient lymphopenia. No statistically significant differences (P = .20) were observed in quantity of fecal shedding of ECoV between the 2 groups.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Experimental infection of adult horses with ECoV was associated with mild and self‐limiting clinical signs, transient lymphopenia, and fecal shedding of ECoV, which mimics natural infection. No differences between experimentally‐infected horses and horses exposed to ECoV‐containing feces were identified. Results of our study support a fecal‐oral route of transmission.
Plasma cytokeratin‐18 concentrations as noninvasive biomarker of early gastrointestinal toxicosis in dogs receiving toceranib
Authors: Kovac Rachel L. , Ballash Gregory , Fenger Joelle , London Cheryl , Warry Emma
Published: October 2018

Background

No biomarkers for the early detection of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicosis secondary to antineoplastic treatment are recognized in veterinary medicine. Toceranib causes GI toxicosis in dogs.

Hypothesis/Objective

To assess if changes in plasma cytokeratin 18 (CK18) concentration, measured in dogs being treated with toceranib phosphate, can predict the onset of GI toxicosis. We hypothesize that an increase in CK18 concentrations will be detected before the development of GI toxicosis in dogs treated with toceranib phosphate.

Animals

Twenty healthy client‐owned dogs and 25 client‐owned dogs with surgically excised mast cell tumor (MCT).

Methods

Prospective cohort study. Dogs were treated with toceranib (2.75 mg/kg PO q48h). Plasma was collected weekly for 4 weeks. Plasma CK18 concentration was measured on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. vascular endothelial growth factor was measured on days 0 and 28.

Results

Mean plasma CK18 concentration on day 0 in dogs with MCT was not significantly different than healthy controls (313.5 ± 592.8 pg/mL, 119.7 ± 76.9 pg/mL, mean ± SD P = 0.27). Mean plasma CK18 concentration decreased by 98.69 pg/mL from day 0 to day 28 (P < 0.001). Plasma CK18 concentration was not a significant predictor of the development of signs of GI toxicosis.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Plasma CK18 concentration was not a clinically useful biomarker for the early detection of GI toxicosis secondary to toceranib administration in dogs with MCTs.
ACVIM consensus statement: Guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats
Authors: Acierno Mark J. , Brown Scott , Coleman Amanda E. , Jepson Rosanne E. , Papich Mark , Stepien Rebecca L. , Syme Harriet M.
Published: October 2018

An update to the 2007 American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) consensus statement on the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats was presented at the 2017 ACVIM Forum in National Harbor, MD. The updated consensus statement is presented here. The consensus statement aims to provide guidance on appropriate diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in dogs and cats.
Population genomic analysis reveals that homoploid hybrid speciation can be a lengthy process
Authors: Ru Dafu , Sun Yongshuai , Wang Donglei , Chen Yang , Wang Tianjing , Hu Quanjun , Abbott Richard J. , Liu Jianquan
Published: October 2018

An increasing number of species are thought to have originated by homoploid hybrid speciation (HHS), but in only a handful of cases are details of the process known. A previous study indicated that Picea purpurea, a conifer in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), originated through HHS from P. likiangensis and P. wilsonii. To investigate this origin in more detail, we analysed transcriptome data for 114 individuals collected from 34 populations of the three Picea species from their core distributions in the QTP. Phylogenetic, principal component and admixture analyses of nuclear SNPs showed the species to be delimited genetically and that P. purpurea was admixed with approximately 60% of its ancestry derived from P. wilsonii and 40% from P. likiangensis. Coalescent simulations revealed the best‐fitting model of origin involved formation of an intermediate hybrid lineage between P. likiangensis and P. wilsonii approximately 6 million years ago (mya), which backcrossed to P. wilsonii to form P. purpurea approximately one mya. The intermediate hybrid lineage no longer exists and is referred to as a “ghost” lineage. Our study emphasizes the power of population genomic analysis combined with coalescent analysis for reconstructing the stages involved in the origin of a homoploid hybrid species over an extended period. In contrast to other studies, we show that these stages can in some instances span a relatively long period of evolutionary time.
Nutrition and physical activity countermeasures for sarcopenia: Time to get personal?
Authors: Murphy C. H. , Roche H. M.
Published: October 2018

Population ageing is a global phenomenon. It is regarded as a major cause of upward pressure on healthcare costs. One of the greatest threats to healthy, independent ageing is sarcopenia, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with age. Physical inactivity and poor nutrition represent crucial and imminently modifiable risk factors for sarcopenia. Resistance exercise training is the most effective method for improving muscle mass and function in older adults. Evidence indicates that resistance training‐induced improvements in muscle mass, strength and function may be further augmented by certain nutrients and nutritional strategies. Ageing is associated with a reduction in the anabolic sensitivity of skeletal muscle to dietary protein ingestion and accumulating evidence indicates that older adults require protein intakes 50%–100% higher than the recommended daily allowance (0.8 g/kg/day) to preserve muscle mass and function. Protein quality, the pattern of protein intake over the day (i.e. per‐meal protein), specific amino acids (i.e. leucine) and other nutrients (i.e. vitamin D, long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) are also key considerations. From the personalised nutrition perspective, it is now acknowledged that individual responses to nutrition/exercise interventions are highly variable, despite equivalent compliance, thus highlighting the inadequacy of a ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ approach. The application of personalised medicine to sarcopenia represents an exciting emerging field of research with the potential to dramatically improve patient outcomes. This approach makes use of recent developments in ‘omics’ technologies and aims to identify the factors (i.e. genes, key biomarkers, medical history, environment, lifestyle) that determine whether an individual is a higher or a lower responder to a particular intervention. This narrative review discusses current evidence regarding nutrition and exercise countermeasures for sarcopenia, with a specific emphasis on recent developments in personalised approaches.
EU referendums in context: What can we learn from the Swiss case?
Authors: Heidbreder Eva G. , Stadelmann‐Steffen Isabelle , Thomann Eva , Sager Fritz
Published: October 2018

The rising number of referendums on EU matters, such as the Brexit and the Catalonian independence votes, highlight the increasing importance of referendums as a problem‐solving mechanism in the EU. We argue that the Swiss case provides essential insights into understanding the dynamics behind referendums, which are often lacking when referendums are called for in the EU. Referendums in EU member states on EU matters differ substantially from those in the Swiss context. Nevertheless, proponents of more direct democratic decision‐making regularly cite the Swiss example. Our systematic analysis of why referendums are called, how they unfold and their effects in the EU and Switzerland reveals that the EU polity lacks the crucial conditions that embed direct democracy within the wider political and institutional system. The comparative perspective offers fundamental insights into the preconditions required for direct democracy to function and its limitations in the EU.
Native remnants can be sources of plants and topsoil to restore dry and wet cerrado grasslands
Authors: Pilon Natashi A. L. , Assis Geissianny B. , Souza Flaviana M. , Durigan Giselda
Published: October 2018

Neotropical grasslands have undergone intensive degradation by land conversion or biological invasion, but their restoration is still challenging. Here, we integrated two approaches to (1) assess the resilience of pristine dry and wet cerrado grasslands after removal of plants and topsoil and (2) evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments based on the material extracted from pristine grasslands to restore degraded dry and wet grasslands after pine invasion. We used old‐growth cerrado grasslands in southeastern Brazil as donor ecosystems and assessed their resilience after the removal of all plants and the upper 5‐cm soil layer. To restore both wet and dry grasslands, we tested topsoil translocation, plant transplantation, direct seeding, topsoil translocation + direct seeding, and needle layer removal. Both wet and dry grasslands were resilient to plants and topsoil removal, as evidenced by their fast recovery. The major mechanisms promoting resilience were seed germination in the wet grasslands and resprouting from underground organs in the dry grasslands. Transplantation was the most successful treatment to restore vegetation cover, species richness, and composition in both wet and dry grasslands, especially for herbaceous species. Restoration of the herbaceous layer of cerrado grasslands can be successful using natural ecosystems as donor sites without impairing their resilience in the studied scale. Improving the resilience of degraded dry and wet cerrado grasslands depends on reestablishing the condition to seed germination in the wet grasslands and reintroducing species with the ability to resprout after disturbance in the dry grasslands, attributes that explained the quick recovery of the donor ecosystems.
Spatial Risk Analysis of Power Systems Resilience During Extreme Events
Authors: Trakas Dimitris N. , Panteli Mathaios , Hatziargyriou Nikos D. , Mancarella Pierluigi
Published: October 2018

The increased frequency of extreme events in recent years highlights the emerging need for the development of methods that could contribute to the mitigation of the impact of such events on critical infrastructures, as well as boost their resilience against them. This article proposes an online spatial risk analysis capable of providing an indication of the evolving risk of power systems regions subject to extreme events. A Severity Risk Index (SRI) with the support of real‐time monitoring assesses the impact of the extreme events on the power system resilience, with application to the effect of windstorms on transmission networks. The index considers the spatial and temporal evolution of the extreme event, system operating conditions, and the degraded system performance during the event. SRI is based on probabilistic risk by condensing the probability and impact of possible failure scenarios while the event is spatially moving across a power system. Due to the large number of possible failures during an extreme event, a scenario generation and reduction algorithm is applied in order to reduce the computation time. SRI provides the operator with a probabilistic assessment that could lead to effective resilience‐based decisions for risk mitigation. The IEEE 24‐bus Reliability Test System has been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed online risk analysis, which was embedded in a sequential Monte Carlo simulation for capturing the spatiotemporal effects of extreme events and evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Modified lateral orbitotomy with combined partial zygomatic arch and vertical ramus ostectomies for excision of a frontal and parietal bone osteoma in a dog
Authors: Selmic Laura E. , Cray Megan T. , Good Josh G. , Hummel David W. , Joslyn Stephen
Published: October 2018

Objective

To describe modifications to the lateral orbitotomy for surgical excision of tumors affecting the frontal, parietal, palatine, or temporal bones.

Study design

Case report.

Animal

A 5‐year‐old female spayed American pit bull terrier.

Methods

The dog presented for excision of a bone tumor affecting the right frontal and parietal bones. A modified lateral orbitotomy was performed with combined partial zygomatic arch and vertical ramus ostectomies to increase working space and allow drilling of the calvarium ventral to the mass.

Results

The dog tolerated the procedure well, and there were no complications from either the ostectomies or the craniectomy. Histopathological examination was consistent with complete excision of an osteoma. The dog survived 2 years with no recurrence and was euthanized due to an intestinal mass.

Conclusion

The lateral orbitotomy approach can be modified with combined partial zygomatic arch and vertical ramus ostectomies to increase exposure and working space for resection of tumors affecting the frontal, parietal, palatine, or temporal bones.
Análisis y desarrollo de la educación contable: temáticas de su abordaje y principales problemáticas según el pensamiento estudiantil socializado por la Fenecop (2000-2016)
Authors: Ramírez Henao Driver Ferney
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo analiza las problemáticas de la educación contable que han sido sustentadas por estudiantes mediante las ponencias que presentaron, desde el año 2000 hasta el 2016, en las comisiones educativas de los congresos nacionales organizadas en torno a la materia; jornadas que realizan conjuntamente las organizaciones estudiantiles de cada programa académico y/o facultad de Contaduría Pública en Colombia, bajo la tutela de la Federación Nacional de Estudiantes de Contaduría Pública (Fenecop). Esta federación surge en 1988, y desde entonces ha impulsado el encuentro y la organización estudiantil en torno a la disciplina. En el presente estudio se realiza un análisis de contenido a las ponencias de la comisión educativa, con lo cual se busca develar el sentido de las problemáticas que atañen a la educación contable. El examen de las veintitrés ponencias revisadas abarca (a) el estudio de las temáticas idóneas para el abordaje de la educación contable y (b) el análisis de problemas concretos de la educación contable. Ambos criterios son interpretados de acuerdo con un marco de referencia compuesto por el movimiento estudiantil contable, la modernización de Colombia y el condicionamiento de la Contabilidad. Al final del estudio se observa que los estudiantes no consideran que el análisis educativo se limite a ser un tema exclusivo del currículo, y pantean cómo los problemas identificados denuncian múltiples factores que corresponden a cuatro puntos de encuentro: el contexto, el currículo, la enseñanza y la pedagogía.
Contabilidad regulatoria versus contabilidad financiera: estudio de caso de las diferencias del tratamiento contable en empresas brasileñas del sector eléctrico
Authors: Damacena Ribeiro Raquel , Coutinho e Silva Adolfo Henrique , Cosenza José Paulo
Published: October 2018

Este artículo analiza la percepción que tienen los contadores de empresas brasileñas pertenecientes al sector eléctrico de la falta de armonía existente entre la contabilidad financiera y la contabilidad regulatoria; discordancia originada a causa de la emisión de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera y de Aseguramiento de la Información (NIIF), la cual apunta hacia el seguimiento de los estándares internacionales. Con tal propósito, se hace una investigación de naturaleza cualitativa descriptiva, la cual busca detectar las opiniones de profesionales que trabajan en concesionarios de energía eléctrica en Brasil de la aplicación de la orientación técnica OCPC 8 en los contratos de concesión de electricidad. Según la percepción de los contadores entrevistados, las compañías de energía eléctrica tuvieron que hacer frente a problemas relativos a la adaptación de sus sistemas informáticos; situaciones que incidieron en costos adicionales de control y preparación de sus estados financieros; y circunstancias que a su vez se originaron por la divergencia de procedimientos existente entre la contabilidad financiera y la contabilidad regulatoria del sector. Por otra parte, también se observa una creciente preocupación de esos profesionales por mejorar las conexiones que se entablan entre dichos reglamentos contables: un vínculo organizado en términos de la calidad de los datos de información financiera divulgados y puestos a disposición de los usuarios, y del beneficio resultante de la aplicación de dicha orientación técnica.
Memory enhancement by ferulic acid ester across species
Authors: Michels Birgit , Zwaka Hanna , Bartels Ruth , Lushchak Oleh , Franke Katrin , Endres Thomas , Fendt Markus , Song Inseon , Bakr May , Budragchaa Tuvshinjargal , Westermann Bernhard , Mishra Dushyant , Eschbach Claire , Schreyer Stefanie , Lingnau Annika , Vahl Caroline , Hilker Marike , Menzel Randolf , Kähne Thilo , Leßmann Volkmar , Dityatev Alexander , Wessjohann Ludger , Gerber Bertram
Published: October 2018

Inspired from plant medicine, a drug that partially compensates for memory decline in aged flies and mice is identified.
Structure and dynamics conspire in the evolution of affinity between intrinsically disordered proteins
Authors: Jemth Per , Karlsson Elin , Vögeli Beat , Guzovsky Brenda , Andersson Eva , Hultqvist Greta , Dogan Jakob , Güntert Peter , Riek Roland , Chi Celestine N.
Published: October 2018

Structural snapshots characterize six hundred million years of evolution of intrinsically disordered proteins.
Suppression of stromal-derived Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) inhibits tumor progression and prolongs survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Liran , Husted Hongmei , Moore Todd , Lu Mason , Deng Defeng , Liu Yan , Ramachandran Vijaya , Arumugam Thiruvengadam , Niehrs Christof , Wang Huamin , Chiao Paul , Ling Jianhua , Curran Michael A. , Maitra Anirban , Hung Mien-Chie , Lee Jeffrey E. , Logsdon Craig D. , Hwang Rosa F.
Published: October 2018

DKK3 is produced by the stroma in pancreatic cancer, promotes tumor progression and resistance to therapy, and is a therapeutic target.
Siderophore-Mediated Iron Acquisition Enhances Resistance to Oxidative and Aromatic Compound Stress in
Cupriavidus necator
JMP134
Authors: Li Changfu , Zhu Lingfang , Pan Damin , Li Shuyu , Xiao He , Zhang Zhenxing , Shen Xihui , Wang Yao , Long Mingxiu
Published: October 2018

Since siderophores have been widely exploited for agricultural, environmental, and medical applications, the identification and characterization of new siderophores from different habitats and organisms will have great beneficial applications. Here, we identified a novel siderophore-producing gene cluster in
C. necator
JMP134. This gene cluster produces a previously unknown carboxylate siderophore, cupriabactin. Physiological analyses revealed that the cupriabactin-mediated iron acquisition system influences swimming motility, biofilm formation, and oxidative stress resistance. Most notably, this system also plays important roles in increasing the resistance of
C. necator
JMP134 to stress caused by aromatic compounds, which provide a promising strategy to engineer more efficient approaches to degrade aromatic pollutants.
Released Tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase Stimulates Innate Immune Responses against Viral Infection
Authors: Lee Hyun-Cheol , Lee Eun-Seo , Uddin Md Bashir , Kim Tae-Hwan , Kim Jae-Hoon , Chathuranga Kiramage , Chathuranga W. A. Gayan , Jin Mirim , Kim Sunghoon , Kim Chul-Joong , Lee Jong-Soo
Published: October 2018

ARSs are essential enzymes in translation that link specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. In higher eukaryotes, some ARSs possess additional, noncanonical functions in the regulation of cell metabolism. Here, we report a novel noncanonical function of WRS in antiviral defense. WRS is rapidly secreted in response to viral infection and primes the innate immune response by inducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs, resulting in the inhibition of virus replication both
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Thus, we consider WRS to be a member of the antiviral innate immune response. The results of this study enhance our understanding of host defense systems and provide additional information on the noncanonical functions of ARSs.
The NS1 Protein of Influenza A Virus Participates in Necroptosis by Interacting with MLKL and Increasing Its Oligomerization and Membrane Translocation
Authors: Gaba Amit , Xu Fang , Lu Yao , Park Hong-Su , Liu GuanQun , Zhou Yan
Published: October 2018

Necroptosis is a programmed cell death that is inflammatory in nature owing to the release of danger-associated molecular patterns from the ruptured cell membrane. However, necroptosis also constitutes an important arm of host immune responses. Thus, a balanced inflammatory response determines the disease outcome. We report that the NS1 protein of IAV participates in necroptosis by interacting with MLKL, resulting in increased MLKL oligomerization and membrane translocation. These results reveal a novel function of the NS1 protein and the mechanism by which IAV induces necroptosis. Moreover, we show that this interaction enhances NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β processing and secretion. This information may contribute to a better understanding of the role of necroptosis in IAV-induced inflammation.
Draft Genome Sequences for a Diverse Set of Seven
Haemophilus
and
Aggregatibacter
Species
Authors: Nichols Megan , Topaz Nadav , Wang Xiong , Wang Xin , Boxrud Dave
Published: October 2018

Haemophilus
is a complex genus that includes commensal and pathogenic species that pose a public health threat to humans. While the pathogenic species have been studied extensively, many commensals have limited genomic information available.
High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas wadenswilerensis CCOS 864
T
Authors: Rutz Dominik , Frasson David , Sievers Martin , Blom Jochen , Rezzonico Fabio , Pothier Joël F. , Smits Theo H. M.
Published: October 2018

Pseudomonas wadenswilerensis
CCOS 864
T
was isolated in 2014 from forest soil. The organism belongs taxonomically to the
Pseudomonas putida
group, members of which have been well studied for their potential in biotechnological applications.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Arcobacter marinus Type Strain JCM 15502
Authors: Miller William G. , Yee Emma , Huynh Steven , Parker Craig T.
Published: October 2018

Arcobacter
species are often recovered from marine environments and are isolated from both seawater and shellfish.
Arcobacter marinus
was recovered from the homogenate of a sample containing surface seawater, seaweed, and a starfish.
Eighteen-year prospective audit of LASIK outcomes for myopia in 53 731 eyes
Authors: Chua Daniel , Htoon Hla Myint , Lim Li , Chan Cordelia ML , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Tan Donald T H , Rosman Mohamad
Published: October 2018

Background

To assess the outcomes of laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) performed for the treatment of myopia in terms of safety, efficacy and predictability in an 18-year clinical audit.

Method

In this single-centre, prospective, non-randomised study, preoperative and postoperative refractions, uncorrected (UCVA), best-corrected Snellen visual acuity (BCVA) and complications of all eyes undergoing myopic LASIK were recorded. Safety, efficacy, refractive predictability, treatment trends, retreatment rates and complication rates were evaluated.

Results

Between 1998 and 2015, 53 731 eyes of 27312 patients underwent myopic LASIK. Patients’ median age was 31.6 years (mean, 32.6±7.3 years); there were 9703 males (35.5%). Patients were predominantly ethnic Chinese (87.4%). Mean follow-up time was 78±75.6 days (median, 86 days). Overall efficacy index was 0.91 with >99% of eyes achieving UCVA of ≥20/40 and >70% achieving 20/20 since 2010. 95.43% of eyes had no loss of vision postoperatively and 4.2% and 0.37% lost 1 and ≥2 lines BCVA, respectively. From 2010 the safety index has been >1.05. More than 94.0% of eyes achieved within ±1.0 D of target refraction and at least 70% achieved within ±0.50 D of target from 2010 onwards. Retreatment rate was 2.55% and after retreatment 98.4% of eyes achieved ≥20/40 UCVA and 63.5% achieved ≥20/20 UCVA. The overall complication rate is 0.98%, and since 2010, the annual complication rate has been <0.8%.

Conclusions

Myopic LASIK performed in Asian eyes is safe and effective with high refractive predictability in a comprehensive LASIK programme with appropriate clinical audit.
Factors influencing variation in participation in the National Diabetes Audit and the impact on the Quality and Outcomes Framework indicators of diabetes care management
Authors: Wright Caroline E , Yeung Stephen , Knowles Helen , Woodhouse Antoinette , Barron Emma , Evans Sian
Published: October 2018

Objective

Participation in the National Diabetes Audit (NDA) has become a contractual requirement for all general practices in England and is used as part of the assessment framework for sustainability and transformation partnership (STP) footprints. The study aimed to investigate general practice-related factors which may influence participation in the NDA, and the impact that participation in the NDA may have on diabetes management and patient care.

Research design

A cross-sectional analysis of routine primary care data from 45 725 646 patients aged 17+ years registered across 7779 general practices in England was performed using logistic regression. The main outcome measures included general practice voluntary participation in the NDA, general practice-related factors (practice size, deprivation, diabetes prevalence, geographic area, practice population age) and diabetes management outcomes (cholesterol, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)).

Results

Participation in the NDA differed significantly according to practice size (t(7653)=−9.93, p=0.001), level of deprivation (χ2(9)=36.17, p<0.0001), diabetes prevalence (p<0.0001), practice population age (p<0.0001), and geographic area (χ2(26)=676.9, p<0.0001). In addition, the Quality and Outcomes Framework diabetes indicator HbA1c (OR 1.01, CI 1.0 to 1.01, p=0.0001) but not cholesterol (p=0.055) or blood pressure (p=0.76) was independently associated with NDA participation when controlling for practice-related factors.

Conclusion

Variation in NDA participation exists. It is suggested that some practices may need additional support when submitting data to the NDA and that NDA participation may have an impact on diabetes outcomes. However, the use of NDA outcomes as a measure of progress with diabetes care by STPs is still unclear and further investigation is needed.
A male Korean who was diagnosed with chronic enteropathy associated withSLCO2A1(CEAS): case report with literature review
Authors: Sun Xi , Hosoe Naoki , Miyanaga Ryoichi , Kimura Kayoko , Mizuno Shinta , Takabayashi Kaoru , Naganuma Makoto , Niizeki Hironori , Seki Atsuhito , Ogata Haruhiko , Kanai Takanori
Published: October 2018

Objective

To further disseminate the nomenclature of chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 (CEAS), especially for physicians in China and Korea where the genetic feature ofSLCO2A1gene mutations related hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and pachydermia had been extensively studied.SLCO2A1gene mutations related hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and pachydermia had been extensively studied.

Design

A case report with literature review ofSLCO2A1gene mutations-related disorders.

Results

A 38-year-old Korean presented to a tertiary hospital with dizziness, abdominal pain and melena. He had a positive faecal occult blood test on initial workup. Oesophagogastroduodenal endoscopy (OGD), colonoscopy and CT scan were unremarkable and showed no obvious cause for his melena. Capsule endoscope and roentgen barium studies were performed, revealing an erythematous mucosa with ulcers in the jejunum and stenosis to the jejunal–ileal junction. Next-generation sequencing was then performed and discovered point mutations ofSLCO2A1gene’s seven exon (940+1 G>A) and 13 exon (1807 C>T) allele. This Korean patient with CEAS is the first documented case noted outside of the Japanese population.

Conclusion

CEAS is not uniquely found in Japanese individuals. There are lots of similarities between CEAS and primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, the two entity may just be the two sides of one same coin. International and multidisciplined efforts are required to further study this complicated disorder.
Plain packaging of waterpipe tobacco? A qualitative analysis exploring waterpipe smokers’ and non-smokers’ responses to enhanced versus existing pictorial health warnings in Egypt
Authors: Mostafa Aya , Mohammed Heba Tallah , Hussein Wafaa Mohamed , Elhabiby Mahmoud , Safwat Wael , Labib Sahar , Aboul Fotouh Aisha , Hoek Janet
Published: October 2018

Objective

Despite the global increase in waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) including in Egypt, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of waterpipe tobacco (WT) health warnings. Egypt has used pictorial health warnings (PHWs) on waterpipe tobacco packs (WTPs) and has rotated these every two years since 2008. We explored in this qualitative study how participants perceived existing PHWs on WTPs, assessed how they interpreted novel plain packaging of WT featuring enhanced PHWs, and probed perceptions of how existing and novel sets would affect uptake or cessation of WTS.

Design

We conducted ten qualitative focus groups and ten in-depth interviews. We explored participants’ views of the four existing PHWs (occupied 50% of the front and back of WTPs, displayed cancers, and featured colourful fruits and flavors) and four novel PHWs (occupied 80% of the front and back of WTPs, displayed different topical content, with plain packaging). Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Setting

Rural Menoufia, urban and semi-urban Cairo, Egypt.

Participants

90 waterpipe smokers and non-smokers, men and women, aged 18 years or older.

Outcomes

Perceived potential effect on WTS uptake or cessation, probing factors related to PHW content and WTP design.

Results

Participants in focus groups and in-depth interviews thought existing WT PHWs elicited affective responses, but found them unclear or unrealistic and thought the colourful packaging detracted from the warnings. In contrast, they thought novel and larger WT PHWs presented in plain packaging might prevent WTS initiation or trigger quit attempts. Participants regarded warnings featuring proximal health risks as most likely to be acceptable.

Conclusions

Our exploratory study suggests larger WT PHWs featuring proximal risks and presented on plain WTPs could potentially deter experimentation with WT products among non-users and promote cessation among existing users.
Ultra-high-risk paradigm: lessons learnt and new directions
Authors: McGorry Patrick D , Mei Cristina
Published: October 2018

Within the embryonic early psychosis field in the early 1990s, the conceptualisation and definition of an at-risk or ultra-high-risk (UHR) mental state for psychosis was a breakthrough which transformed the clinical and research landscape in psychiatry. Twenty-five years later, we have a new evidence base that has illuminated the neurobiology of the onset phase of psychotic disorder, delivered Cochrane level 1 evidence showing that the onset of full-threshold sustained psychotic disorder can be at least delayed, and is paving the way to a new generation of transdiagnostic research. Here, we document the contribution of the UHR approach to understanding the underlying mechanisms of psychosis onset as well as the long-term outcomes. Particularly, we highlight that psychosis onset can be delayed in those meeting UHR criteria and that these criteria have a higher valence for subsequent psychotic disorders and some valence for persistent non-psychotic syndromes. Critiques have helped to identify some of the limitations of this paradigm, which are acknowledged. These include evidence that psychotic disorders can emerge more acutely and from other, as yet undefined, precursor states. Rather than defending, or alternatively questioning the value of, the UHR approach, we propose a broader, transdiagnostic staging model that is consistent with the pluripotent and variably comorbid trajectories for mental disorders. This approach moves beyond psychosis to capture a wider range of subthreshold symptoms and full-threshold disorders, thus enhancing prediction for the emergence and progression of a range of mental disorders, as well as providing new avenues for early intervention and prevention.
Surgical gender gap: a curriculum concordance and career vector perspective
Authors: Brown Chris , Harries Rhiannon L , Abdelrahman Tarig , Thomas Charlotte , Pollitt M John , Lewis Wyn G
Published: October 2018

Introduction

Women’s participation in medicine has increased dramatically during the last 50 years, yet Office for National Statistics data (2016) regarding annual pay continue to show an unequivocal 34% deficit in female doctors’ remuneration compared with their male counterparts. This study aimed to identify whether there are measurable differences in the training, career vectors and profiles of higher general surgical trainees (HSTs), related to gender.

Method

The Deanery roster supplemented with Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme and Scopus data was used to identify the profiles of 101 consecutive HSTs (38 women, 63 men, single UK deanery). Primary outcome measures were training programme attrition rate, time to completion of training and achievement of third level 4 competence (3L4C) in indicative operations. Secondary outcomes were publication number, citations and Hirsch Indices (HIs).

Results

Attrition rates were similar irrespective of gender (female n=3 (7.9%) vs male n=6 (9.5%), p=0.871). Training duration was on average 16 months longer in women (94 (72–134) months) than men (78 (72–112), p=0.002). Operative learning curve trajectories were similar; median operations required to achieve 3L4C was 380 (f) versus 410 (m, p=1.00). Academic profiles of men were stronger than women, specifically higher degrees; men (n=31, 83.8%), women (n=6, 16.2%, p=0.001); median (range) publication number 8 (0–57) versus 3 (0–38, p=0.003), citations 43 (0–1600) versus 9 (0–774, p=0.001), and HI 3 (0–26) versus 2 (0–12, p=0.002).

Conclusion

A complex variable gender gap was apparent related to time in training and academic profile, but not training attrition or operative learning curve trajectory.