bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of coil packing proximal to the dilated segment on postoperative medullary infarction and prognosis following internal trapping for ruptured vertebral artery dissection
Authors: Ikeda Hiroyuki , Imamura Hirotoshi , Mineharu Yohei , Tani Shoichi , Adachi Hidemitsu , Sakai Chiaki , Ishikawa Tatsuya , Asai Katsunori , Sakai Nobuyuki
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Medullary infarction is an important complication of internal trapping for vertebral artery dissection. This study investigated risk factors for medullary infarction following internal trapping of ruptured vertebral artery dissection.

Methods

We retrospectively studied 26 patients with ruptured vertebral artery dissection who underwent endovascular treatment and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging between April 2001 and March 2013. Clinical and radiological findings were analyzed to identify factors associated with postoperative medullary infarction.

Results

Ten of the 26 patients (38%) showed postoperative lateral medullary infarction on magnetic resonance imaging. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that medullary infarction was independently associated with poor clinical outcome (odds ratio (OR) 17.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68–436.81; p = 0.032). Univariate analysis identified vertebral artery dissection on the right side and longer length of the entire trapped area as risk factors for postoperative medullary infarction. When the trapped area was divided into three segments (dilated, distal, and proximal segments), proximal segment length, but not dilated segment length, was significantly associated with medullary infarction (OR 1.55 for a 1-mm increase in proximal segment length; 95% CI 1.15–2.63; p = 0.027). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that proximal segment length offered a good predictor of the risk of postoperative medullary infarction, with a cut-off value of 5.8 mm (sensitivity 100%; specificity 82.3%).

Conclusions

Longer length of the trapped area, specifically the segment proximal to the dilated portion, is associated with a higher incidence of medullary infarction following internal trapping, indicating that this complication may be avoidable.
Biochemical markers in patients with open reconstructions with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Stone Patrick A , Thompson Stephanie N , Williams David , AbuRahma Zachary , Grome Luke , Schlarb Haley , AbuRahma Ali F
Published: October 2015

The purpose of our study was to determine outcome differences as a function of baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in patients receiving lower extremity open reconstructions for the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. We retrospectively examined patients who underwent surgical reconstructions performed by a single operator during a seven-year time span who received preoperative hsCRP and BNP testing and post-procedure imaging. Outcomes of interest included major adverse limb events, a composite end point of target vessel revascularization, limb amputation, and disease progression, and major adverse cardiovascular events comprised of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death. A total of 89 limbs in 82 patients were included in analysis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that higher hsCRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) trended toward, but failed to significantly associate with major adverse limb events at 24 months (hazard ratio: 2.2 [1.0–5.2], p = 0.06), however the use of a vein bypass conduit (vs. prosthetic reconstruction) significantly predicted major adverse limb events (hazard ratio: 3.2 [1.5–6.9], p < 0.01). Elevated BNP levels (>100 pg/ml), but not hsCRP, associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 3.5 [1.2–10.3], p = 0.03). Preoperative biochemical markers may assist in clinical decision making and stratifying patients regarding adverse events following open reconstructions.
Architecture design of a generic centralized adjudication module integrated in a web-based clinical trial management system
Authors: Zhao Wenle , Pauls Keith
Published: October 2015

Background:

Centralized outcome adjudication has been used widely in multicenter clinical trials in order to prevent potential biases and to reduce variations in important safety and efficacy outcome assessments. Adjudication procedures could vary significantly among different studies. In practice, the coordination of outcome adjudication procedures in many multicenter clinical trials remains as a manual process with low efficiency and high risk of delay. Motivated by the demands from two large clinical trial networks, a generic outcome adjudication module has been developed by the network’s data management center within a homegrown clinical trial management system. In this article, the system design strategy and database structure are presented.

Methods:

A generic database model was created to transfer different adjudication procedures into a unified set of sequential adjudication steps. Each adjudication step was defined by one activate condition, one lock condition, one to five categorical data items to capture adjudication results, and one free text field for general comments. Based on this model, a generic outcome adjudication user interface and a generic data processing program were developed within a homegrown clinical trial management system to provide automated coordination of outcome adjudication.

Results:

By the end of 2014, this generic outcome adjudication module had been implemented in 10 multicenter trials. A total of 29 adjudication procedures were defined with the number of adjudication steps varying from 1 to 7. The implementation of a new adjudication procedure in this generic module took an experienced programmer 1 or 2 days. A total of 7336 outcome events had been adjudicated and 16,235 adjudication step activities had been recorded. In a multicenter trial, 1144 safety outcome event submissions went through a three-step adjudication procedure and reported a median of 3.95 days from safety event case report form submission to adjudication completion. In another trial, 277 clinical outcome events were adjudicated by a six-step procedure and took a median of 23.84 days from outcome event case report form submission to adjudication procedure completion.

Conclusion:

A generic outcome adjudication module integrated in the clinical trial management system made the automated coordination of efficacy and safety outcome adjudication a reality.
Validating the Made-From-Scratch Versus Traditional Style Approach for Improving the Nutritional Quality of Heart Start Menus
Authors: Gray Virginia , Gustin Libby , Jensen Laura , Smith Kristine
Published: October 2015

The current policy environment calls for enhanced child care nutrition standards. Child care menus provide an opportunity to expose children to healthy foods and flavor variety. The current study compared 2 sets of 5-week cycle menus to investigate differences in nutrient content and vegetable variety achieved by transitioning from traditional style menus to made-from-scratch menus. Menus were provided by a San Diego–based nonprofit agency producing food for 29 Head Start facilities. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare differences in nutrients and vegetable subgroup offerings between menus. Made-from-scratch menus improved the fat profile of child care menus, with reductions in transfat ( P ≤ .01) and calories from saturated fat ( P = .01) and increases in essential fatty acids (ω-3, P < .01; ω-6, P < .01). Furthermore, made-from-scratch menus improved the fiber (from 6.8 ± 2.0 to 9.5 ± 2.1 g P < .001) and potassium (from 1202.8 ± 141.7 to 1446.5 ± 144.7 mg, P < .001) content in the context of dietary reference intakes for young children. Vegetable variety also increased (from 2.4 ± 1.0 to 3.1 ± 0.6 [ P < .01] vegetable subgroups offered per day). The need to further improve fiber, vitamin D, and potassium of child care menus in the current study (particularly among 4- to 5-year-olds) argues for an improved meal pattern that includes larger servings of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Easy Fenestration Technique for Extracardiac Fontan Operation
Authors: Türköz Rıza , Çelik Mehmet , Palaoğlu Eda , Baysal Ahu , Cındık Nimet , Koçak Gülendam
Published: October 2015

During an extracardiac conduit type of Fontan operation, fenestration is not always technically easy, particularly when the right atrium is small and located posteriorly. We describe here an easy technique for performing an anastomosis of a polytetrafluoroethylene ringed graft to the atrium for fenestration in the setting of an extracardiac conduit Fontan operation. The surgical technique starts with a purse string suture that is customized to fit the atrium and utilizes a ringed graft that is inserted into the right atrium through the purse string, which is then tied.
Spontaneous Thrombosis of a Left Circumflex Artery Fistula Draining Into the Coronary Sinus
Authors: Al-Turki Mohammad A. , Patton Daniel , Crean Andrew M. , Horlick Eric , Dhillon Rob , Johri Amer M.
Published: October 2015

A 28-year-old woman was referred to our institution with sudden onset chest pain at rest. Electrocardiography revealed an inferoposterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction. The patient proceeded to cardiac catheterization, which revealed a large ectatic left circumflex coronary artery with an apparent fistula connecting it to the coronary sinus. Follow-up angiography revealed that the fistula was no longer patent, spontaneously thrombosed, and resolved without requiring surgery.
Innovative Use of Interventional Hardware in Surgical Embolectomy in Small Infants
Authors: Ramanan Sowmya , Kizhakke Pradeep K. , Arounassalam Aarimuthuswamy , Cherian Kootturathu Mammen
Published: October 2015

Surgical embolectomy for thrombosis and ischemia following femoral arterial cannulation in small infants is rare. The nonavailability of embolectomy balloons in small sizes and the small size of the native vessels pose a challenge in repair. We describe the use of a coronary angioplasty balloon for the purpose of embolectomy in a 2.5-kg infant with femoral arterial occlusion and limb ischemia.
An Overview of Pulmonary Atresia and Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries
Authors: Presnell Laura B. , Blankenship Angela , Cheatham Sharon L. , Owens Gabe E. , Staveski Sandra L.
Published: October 2015

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (PA/VSD/MAPCAs) is a rare and complex congenital cardiac lesion that has historically carried a poor prognosis. With advancements in surgical management, we have seen an improvement in the outcomes for children affected by this disease. However, this population continues to present challenges due to the complex anatomy and physiology associated with PA/VSD/MAPCA. This summary of material presented during one of the nursing sessions of the 2014 Meeting of the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society provides an overview for those in cardiac intensive care units who do not have a large experience with this lesion. We will review the anatomy, physiology, surgical approach, postoperative management strategies, and cardiac catheter intervention options for PA/VSD/MAPCAs. We will also discuss recent innovations that may lead to continued improvement in outcomes for this challenging patient population.
Anomalous Origin of One Pulmonary Artery From the Ascending Aorta
Authors: Manuel Valdano , Sousa-Uva Miguel , Morais Humberto , Magalhães Manuel P. , Pedro Albino , Miguel Gade , Nunes Maria A. S. , Gamboa Sebastiana , Júnior António P. F.
Published: October 2015

Background:

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery is a rare congenital heart disease in which one pulmonary artery branch originates from the ascending aorta.

Objective:

To describe the experience of a cardiothoracic center in an African country to repair anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery in the context of Portugal–Angola collaboration.

Methods:

Between March 2011 and March 2015, four consecutive patients with anomalous origin of pulmonary artery branch underwent surgical correction. The mean age was 1.6 months. The mean weight was 4 kg. All had right pulmonary artery branch originating from the ascending aorta. All patients underwent direct implantation of right pulmonary branch to main pulmonary artery. Two patents had patent ductus arteriosus and one had atrial septal defect. Two patients had pulmonary hypertension.

Results:

There was no registration of death. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 75.5 ± 4.5 minutes, mean aortic cross-clamping time was 40 ± 5.6 minutes, and mean duration of the postoperative intensive care unit stay was 6.8 ± 5.7 days. At discharge, one patient had residual gradient of 25 mm Hg, the remainder had no significant gradient. The mean follow-up time was 11 months (5-28 months). One week after discharge, one patient presented operative wound dehiscence. At the last follow-up, all patients were alive, and no significant residual gradient or stenosis at site of anastomosis was observed. No reintervention was required.

Conclusion:

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery is a rare but potentially treatable lesion if operated early in life. Direct implantation was a good technique with good short-term results.
History of the Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society
Authors: Mavroudis Constantine , Williams William G.
Published: October 2015

The Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society is a group of over 100 pediatric heart surgeons representing 72 institutions that specialize in the treatment of patients with congenital heart defects. The Society began in 1972 and incorporated as a not-for-profit charitable organization in 2004. It has become the face and voice of congenital heart surgery in North America. In 1985, the Society established a data center for multicenter clinical research studies to encourage congenital heart professionals to participate in improving outcomes for our patients. The goals of the Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society are to stimulate the study of congenital cardiac physiology, pathology, and management options which are instantiated in data collection, multi-institutional studies, and scientific meetings. Honest and open discussion of problems with possible solutions to the challenges facing congenital heart professionals have been the strength of the Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society. It is imperative for the growth of an organization to know from where it came in order to know to where it is going. The purpose of this article is to review the history of the Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society.
Bakri Balloon Displacement in the Uterus
Authors: Katsinis Brittany R.
Published: October 2015

Bakri balloons are minimally invasive devices placed in the uterus and inflated with saline to apply extrinsic pressure to stop postpartum hemorrhage. Sonography is an ideal imaging modality to confirm position of a Bakri balloon because it is quick and precise in locating the device, does not use ionizing radiation, and is inexpensive. This case report describes the sonographic documentation and management of a malpositioned Bakri balloon.
Glutathione peroxidase 4 prevents necroptosis in mouse erythroid precursors
Authors: Canli Özge , Alankuş Yasemin B. , Grootjans Sasker , Vegi Naidu , Hültner Lothar , Hoppe Philipp S. , Schroeder Timm , Vandenabeele Peter , Bornkamm Georg W. , Greten Florian R.
Published: October 2015

Key Points

Gpx4 is essential for preventing anemia in mice via inhibiting RIP3-dependent necroptosis in erythroid precursor cells. ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in erythroid precursor cells trigger receptor-independent activation of necroptosis.
Prevalence and risk factors for COPD in farmers: a cross-sectional controlled study
Authors: Guillien Alicia , Puyraveau Marc , Soumagne Thibaud , Guillot Stéphanie , Rannou Fabrice , Marquette David , Berger Patrick , Jouneau Stéphane , Monnet Elisabeth , Mauny Frédéric , Laplante Jean-Jacques , Dalphin Jean-Charles , Degano Bruno
Published: October 2015

There are conflicting data regarding the magnitude and determinants of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk in farmers.

In a cross-sectional study of 917 nonfarming working controls and 3787 farmers aged 40–75 years, we assessed respiratory symptoms, tobacco exposure, job history (without direct exposure measurement) and lung function. COPD was defined by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criterion (post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) <0.70) and by the Quanjer reference equation (post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal (LLN)).

The prevalence (95% CI) of COPD according to the GOLD criterion was 5.1% (4.4–5.8%) and 2.9% (1.8–4.0%) in farmers and controls, respectively (p=0.005), and 3.1% (2.5–3.6%) and 1.5% (0.7–2.3%), respectively, for the LLN criterion (p<0.01). For both COPD criteria after adjustment for age, sex and smoking status, COPD prevalence was similar in controls and crop farmers. Compared to controls, four job categories had a higher prevalence of COPD according to the GOLD criterion, namely, cattle breeders, swine breeders, poultry breeders and breeders of two or more livestock types. Among cattle breeders, only those from Franche-Comté had higher prevalence of COPD according to both GOLD and LLN criteria.

The prevalence of COPD in farmers is higher than in nonfarming working controls, and depends on the farming activity, the region and the criterion used to define COPD.
Validation and analysis of prognostic scoring systems for critically ill patients with cirrhosis admitted to ICU
Authors: Campbell Joseph , McPeake Joanne , Shaw Martin , Puxty Alex , Forrest Ewan , Soulsby Charlotte , Emerson Philp , Thomson Sam J. , Rahman Tony M. , Quasim Tara , Kinsella John
Published: October 2015

Introduction

The number of patients admitted to ICU who have liver cirrhosis is rising. Current prognostic scoring tools to predict ICU mortality have performed poorly in this group. In previous research from a single centre, a novel scoring tool which modifies the Child-Turcotte Pugh score by adding Lactate concentration, the CTP + L score, is strongly associated with mortality. This study aims to validate the use of the CTP + L scoring tool for predicting ICU mortality in patients admitted to a general ICU with cirrhosis, and to determine significant predictive factors for mortality with this group of patients. This study will also explore the use of the Royal Free Hospital (RFH) score in this cohort.

Methods

A total of 84 patients admitted to the Glasgow Royal Infirmary ICU between June 2012 and Dec 2013 with cirrhosis were included. An additional cohort of 115 patients was obtained from two ICUs in London (St George’s and St Thomas’) collected between October 2007 and July 2009. Liver specific and general ICU scoring tools were calculated for both cohorts, and compared using area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Independent predictors of ICU mortality were identified by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was utilised to determine the most predictive factors affecting mortality within these patient groups.

Results

Within the Glasgow cohort, independent predictors of ICU mortality were identified as Lactate (p < 0.001), Bilirubin (p = 0.0048), PaO2/FiO2Ratio (p = 0.032) and PT ratio (p = 0.012). Within the London cohort, independent predictors of ICU mortality were Lactate (p < 0.001), PT ratio (p < 0.001), Bilirubin (p = 0.027), PaO2/FiO2Ratio (p = 0.0011) and Ascites (p = 0.023). The CTP + L and RFH scoring tools had the highest ROC value in both cohorts examined.

Conclusion

The CTP + L and RFH scoring tool are validated prognostic scoring tools for predicting ICU mortality in patients admitted to a general ICU with cirrhosis.
Prognostic significance of the angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 ratios for early sepsis in an emergency department
Authors: Fang Yingying , Li Chunsheng , Shao Rui , Yu Han , Zhang Qing , Zhao Lianxing
Published: October 2015

Introduction

This study was performed to assess the early diagnostic, risk stratification, and prognostic value of the angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 ratio (Ang-2/Ang-1) and angiopoietin-1/tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like loop epidermal growth factor homology domain 2 ratio (Ang-1/Tie-2) and to compare these factors with procalcitonin (PCT) and the Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS) score in patients with early sepsis in the emergency department (ED).

Methods

Consecutive patients with sepsis (n = 440) were enrolled in this study. They fulfilled the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria and were admitted to the ED of Beijing Chao-yang Hospital between August 2014 and February 2015. The control group consisted of 55 healthy blood donors. The patients were categorized into four groups: SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Serum Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2, and PCT were measured, and the MEDS score was calculated upon ED arrival. The prognostic values of Ang-2/Ang-1, Ang-1/Tie-2, Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie-2 were compared with the PCT and MEDS scores. All patients were followed for 28 days.

Results

Upon admission, the median levels of the serum Ang-2 level and Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio increased and the serum Ang-1 levels and Ang-1/Tie-2 ratios decreased with the severity of sepsis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the Ang-2/Ang-1 and Ang-1/Tie-2 ratios were greater than those of the Ang-1, Ang-2, and PCT levels and MEDS scores in the diagnosis and prediction of 28-day mortality due to sepsis. Ang-2/Ang-1 was significantly higher and Ang-1/Tie-2 was significantly lower in nonsurvivors than in survivors at the 28-day follow-up examination. Ang-2/Ang-1, Ang-1/Tie-2, and MEDS score were found to be independent predictors of 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. The levels of serum Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie-2 were positively correlated with each other. The ratios of Ang-2/Ang-1 and Ang-1/Tie-2 were positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with the MEDS score in every septic group.

Conclusions

The Ang-2/Ang-1 and Ang-1/Tie-2 ratios are valuable for risk stratification in patients with sepsis and are associated with the poor clinical outcome of early sepsis in the ED.
The efficacy of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin for obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulation: a retrospective study
Authors: Yoshihara Masato , Uno Kaname , Tano Sho , Mayama Michinori , Ukai Mayu , Kondo Shinya , Kokabu Tetsuya , Kishigami Yasuyuki , Oguchi Hidenori
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rhTM) is a novel anti-coagulant agent that regulates the imbalanced coagulation system by reducing the excessive activation of thrombin. rhTM potentially reduces the morbidity and mortality in patients with sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). However, the efficacy of rhTM in obstetric DIC has not yet been established. We performed this study to examine whether the administration of rhTM was a potentially effective treatment for DIC induced by one or more underlying obstetric disorders.

Methods

This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study conducted between January 2007 and February 2015 using the records of the Department of Obstetrics at the Perinatal Medical Center of TOYOTA Memorial Hospital, Aichi, Japan. The eligibility criteria were known or suspected obstetric DIC documented on the basis of clinical and laboratory data and association with one or more major underlying obstetric disorders. Baseline imbalance between patients with and without treatment of rhTM was adjusted using an inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity scores composed of the following independent variables: severe postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, and preeclampsia/eclampsia, including hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet syndrome, initial platelet counts, D-dimer levels, fibrinogen levels, and prothrombin time–international normalized ratio (PT–INR). We evaluated laboratory changes and clinical outcomes in the early phase of obstetric DIC.

Results

In total, 66 of 4627 patients admitted to our department during the study period fulfilled the required criteria; of these, 37 and 29 patients were included in the rhTM and control group, respectively. After adjustment, treatment with rhTM was associated with significant improvements in platelet counts, D-dimer levels, fibrinogen levels, and PT–INR compared with the control group. The platelet concentrate transfusion volume was significantly lower in the rhTM treatment group (3.02 vs 6.03 units,P = 0.016). None of the adjusted group differences were statistically significant for all types of organ damage and failure.

Conclusion

rhTM administration was associated with clinical and laboratory improvement in patients with DIC caused by underlying obstetric conditions. Further clinical research is needed to clarify the optimal application of rhTM in each of the causative obstetric disorders.
Sensitivity to food additives, vaso‐active amines and salicylates: a review of the evidence
Authors: Skypala Isabel J. , Williams M. , Reeves L. , Meyer R. , Venter C.
Published: October 2015

Although there is considerable literature pertaining to IgE and non IgE‐mediated food allergy, there is a paucity of information on non‐immune mediated reactions to foods, other than metabolic disorders such as lactose intolerance. Food additives and naturally occurring ‘food chemicals’ have long been reported as having the potential to provoke symptoms in those who are more sensitive to their effects. Diets low in ‘food chemicals’ gained prominence in the 1970s and 1980s, and their popularity remains, although the evidence of their efficacy is very limited. This review focuses on the available evidence for the role and likely adverse effects of both added and natural ‘food chemicals’ including benzoate, sulphite, monosodium glutamate, vaso‐active or biogenic amines and salicylate. Studies assessing the efficacy of the restriction of these substances in the diet have mainly been undertaken in adults, but the paper will also touch on the use of such diets in children. The difficulty of reviewing the available evidence is that few of the studies have been controlled and, for many, considerable time has elapsed since their publication. Meanwhile dietary patterns and habits have changed hugely in the interim, so the conclusions may not be relevant for our current dietary norms. The conclusion of the review is that there may be some benefit in the removal of an additive or a group of foods high in natural food chemicals from the diet for a limited period for certain individuals, providing the diagnostic pathway is followed and the foods are reintroduced back into the diet to assess for the efficacy of removal. However diets involving the removal of multiple additives and food chemicals have the very great potential to lead to nutritional deficiency especially in the paediatric population. Any dietary intervention, whether for the purposes of diagnosis or management of food allergy or food intolerance, should be adapted to the individual's dietary habits and a suitably trained dietitian should ensure nutritional needs are met. Ultimately a healthy diet should be the aim for all patients presenting in the allergy clinic.
Prevalence, prescribing and barriers to effective management of hypertension in older populations: a narrative review
Authors: Alhawassi Tariq M , Krass Ines , Pont Lisa G
Published: October 2015

Objectives

Hypertension is the leading modifiable cause of mortality worldwide. Unlike many conditions where limited evidence exists for management of older individuals, multiple large, robust trials have provided a solid evidence-base regarding the management of hypertension in older adults. Understanding the impact of age on how the prevalence of hypertension and the role of pharmacotherapy in managing hypertension among older persons is a critical element is the provision of optimal health care for older populations. The aim of this study was to explore how the prevalence of hypertension changes with age, the evidence regarding pharmacological management in older adults and to identify known barriers to the optimal management of hypertension in older patients.

Methods

A review of English language studies published prior to 2013 in Medline, Embase and Google scholar was conducted. Key search terms included hypertension, pharmacotherapy, and aged.

Results

The prevalence of hypertension was shown to increase with age, however there is good evidence for the use of a number of pharmacological agents to control blood pressure in older populations. System, physician and patient related barriers to optimal blood pressure control were identified.

Conclusions

Despite good evidence for pharmacological management of hypertension among olderpopulations, under treatment of hypertension is an issue. Concerns regarding adverse effects appearcentral to under treatment of hypertension among older populations.
A Dietary Medium-Chain Fatty Acid, Decanoic Acid, Inhibits Recruitment of Nur77 to the HSD3B2 Promoter In Vitro and Reverses Endocrine and Metabolic Abnormalities in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Lee Bao Hui , Indran Inthrani Raja , Tan Huey Min , Li Yu , Zhang Zhiwei , Li Jun , Yong Eu-Leong
Published: October 2015

Hyperandrogenism is the central feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Due to the intricate relationship between hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in PCOS, 50%–70% of these patients also present with hyperinsulinemia. Metformin, an insulin sensitizer, has been used to reduce insulin resistance and improve fertility in women with PCOS. In previous work, we have noted that a dietary medium-chain fatty acid, decanoic acid (DA), improves glucose tolerance and lipid profile in a mouse model of diabetes. Here, we report for the first time that DA, like metformin, inhibits androgen biosynthesis in NCI-H295R steroidogenic cells by regulating the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4-isomerase type 2 (HSD3B2). The inhibitory effect on HSD3B2 and androgen production required cAMP stimulation, suggesting a mechanistic action via the cAMP-stimulated pathway. Specifically, both DA and metformin reduced cAMP-enhanced recruitment of the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 to the HSD3B2 promoter, coupled with decreased transcription and protein expression of HSD3B2. In a letrozole-induced PCOS rat model, treatment with DA or metformin reduced serum-free testosterone, lowered fasting insulin, and restored estrous cyclicity. In addition, DA treatment lowered serum total testosterone and decreased HSD3B2 protein expression in the adrenals and ovaries. We conclude that DA inhibits androgen biosynthesis via mechanisms resulting in the suppression of HSD3B2 expression, an effect consistently observed both in vitro and in vivo. The efficacy of DA in reversing the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities of the letrozole-induced PCOS rat model are promising, raising the possibility that diets including DA could be beneficial for the management of both hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in PCOS.
Cosmopolitanism and Environmental Ethics in Mary Butts’s Dorset
Authors: Wiseman Sam
Published: October 2015

Through her work, the Dorset-born Mary Butts (1890–1937) expresses a quintessentially modernist tension between a deep sense of attachment to rural England and the allure of cosmopolitan modernity. This article argues that the adventure and power promised by the latter inform Butts’s attempts to articulate a posthuman relationship with rural place. Her marginalization of the human supports a posthuman ethics by expressing coexistence and interrelation between human and nonhuman entities. Consequently, Butts explores a mode of engagement with landscape that moves beyond anthropocentrism and has significance for environmentalist ethics. This article traces the stylistic and formal influence of cosmopolitan and metropolitan experience upon Butts’s evocations of rural Dorset before looking at her work’s ethical implications in more detail. It examines some of the tensions that arise as a result of her reactionary tendencies and concludes that despite Butts’s intuitive sensitivity to the nonhuman energies that permeate human society and culture, her work betrays an elitist resistance to the inclusion of all sociocultural groupings within an idealized English community.
The Spec Generation Who Can't Say “No”: Overeducated and Underemployed Youth in Contemporary South Korea
Authors: Hae-joang Cho
Published: October 2015

The financial crisis of 1997 and the concomitant economic recession have transformed South Korean society at breakneck speed. Highly motivated and adventurous youth, whom the media called the “new generation,” played a crucial role in revitalizing the economy. The state and industry invested in their initiatives out of concern for future economic development. By the late 2000s, however, a new neoliberal youth subject came to dominate South Korea. Having internalized the ruthless competition on the labor market, these young people centered their lives on building “specs” (specifications) in order to increase their marketability. This article argues that the state and the family joined forces in order to help young people accept the deregulation of the labor market. While the state established an education market, parents (especially “manager moms”) contributed to the development of this market by encouraging their children to accumulate specs. A prominent effect of these changes was that young people grew to become “kidults” in cases in which their parents had the means to continue supporting them into adulthood. If that was not the case, they were left to care for themselves. Whereas the former group adapted to the cutthroat competition, the latter accepted disenfranchisement. This article concludes by considering what politics these young people might develop that would enable them to combat their ever-decreasing chances of becoming self-sustaining adults.
Benaki Museum. Publications 1935-2009: book launch
Authors: Κωτίδης Αντώνης , Μπακιρτζής Χαράλαμπος , Στεφανίδου-Τιβερίου Θεοδοσία , Παπαϊωάννου Ηρακλής
Published: October 2015

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη.
Ο Καραγκιόζης και ο Καραγκιόζ, σεμνοί πρόδρομοι των ΜΜΕ
Authors: Μυστακίδου Κατερίνα
Published: October 2015

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη.
Martyrs, monks, and musicians: Two enigmatic Coptic vases in the Benaki Museum and their parallels
Authors: Xanthopoulou Maria
Published: October 2015

Η μελέτη αυτή πραγματεύεται μικρή ομάδα πανομοιότυπων σχεδόν κοπτικών αγγείων, τα οποία φυλάσσονται στο Μουσείο Μπενάκη, στο Μουσείο του Λούβρου και στο Μουσείο Αιγυπτιακών Αρχαιοτήτων Petrie (University College London) και διακρίνονται για το ιδιαίτερο σχήμα τους και τον πλουσιότατο γραπτό τους διάκοσμο. Τα αγγεία αυτά, για τα οποία έχουν προταθεί διαφορετικές χρήσεις (φωτιστικά σκεύη, λειψανοθήκες κ.λπ.), φέρουν παραστάσεις έφιππων στρατιωτικών αγίων, αποστόλων, δεόμενου αγίου, μοναχού, μουσικών, γυναικείων προτομών και διαφόρων ζώων σε ποικίλους συνδυασμούς. Μέσα από ενδελεχή τυπολογική, εικονογραφική και τεχνοτροπική ανάλυση, επιχειρείται η ταύτιση της χρήσης τους (φωτιστικά σκεύη; λειψανοθήκες;), η ερμηνεία του εικονογραφικού προγράμματος στο σύνολό του, καθώς και η χρονολόγηση των αντικειμένων (πιθανώς 9ος-10ος αιώνας).
The Use of Digitally Produced In-Fills for the Restoration of Paper Stereo Transparencies
Authors: Μάττα Μαρία , Ηλίας Παναγιώτης , Ρόμπολα Δέσποινα
Published: October 2015

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη.
The George Rizos Photographic Archive
Authors: Τζουνοπούλου Ελένη
Published: October 2015

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη.
The vita icon of Saint George in the BenakiMuseum. Contribution to the study of the post-Byzantine cycle of the saint
Authors: Κούτσικου Χρυσαυγή
Published: October 2015

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη στα ελληνικά.
Proposed removal of architectural members of the Temple of Amyklaian Apollo from chapels in Amykles in Lakonia: theory and practice
Authors: Μπίλης Θεμιστοκλης , Μαγνήσαλη Μαρία
Published: October 2015

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη.
An attempt at defining "minority" literature: A case study in the literary production of the Italian minority in Slovenia and Croatia and of the Slovenian minority in Italy
Authors: Cergol Jadranka
Published: October 2015

The article problematizes the use of the term “minority” literature in the literary context. The term was proposed by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari who defined minor/minority literature as literature that a minority constructed within a major language (and not literature written in a minor language). According to them, minor literature was characterized by a high level of the deterritorialization of language, a link between the individual and the topical political situations and thirdly by a the collective value. This definition proves to be too narrow and applicable only to a part of this literature and not to its entire corpus. The aim of the article is therefore to provide a new definition of “minority literature” by taking into account literature written by Slovenes living in Italy and literature written by Italians living in Slovenia and Croatia. As for the typological elements characteristic of literature written on the both sides of the Slovenian-Italian border, the article points out that the two literary systems are marked by the ontological dimension, interculturalism as an ethic value, pronounced national, linguistic and spatial elements, and historical memory. The article even goes a step forward and poses the question whether “minority literature” could be regarded as a completely independent supranational literary system.
Intercultural Skills, Culture and Literature at the University
Authors: Blioumi Aglaia
Published: October 2015

The transcendence of national identities in recent decades and the diffusion of the cultural context triggered by globalization have resulted in the creation of new identities. This development has resulted in the multicultural structure of many European countries. Foreign language teaching has been geared to the multinational structure of school classes through the development of Intercultural Education. Given, however, that the implementation of the principles of Intercultural Education is dependent on the teachers, who, in turn, must have been initiated in the principles of this scientific field, the University assumes a leading part in providing intercultural education to adults. The aim of this paper is to show how the students of a Greek University can acquire certain skills of intercultural action through the course of Culture and Literature.
Interpretation as a factor influencing translation: the case of a biblical metaphor
Authors: Kuo Yun-Hsuan , Chou Fu-Chu
Published: October 2015

This paper identifies interpretation as a crucial factor influencing translation of biblical metaphors. Data are drawn from five Chinese Bible translations. Qualitative analysis is conducted. The results show that it is highly likely for translators’ interpretation of biblical metaphors to affect the metaphor translation. More researches probing into translation variations of biblical metaphors in Chinese Bible translations are called for.
Was ist neu an der neuen Dolmetschart Community Interpreting? State of the Art in deutschsprachigen Ländern
Authors: Petrova Alena
Published: October 2015

In my paper I would like to discuss the specifics of community interpreting (CI) as a relatively new art of interpreting. The following aspects should be taken into consideration: the definition of the term on specific scopes of CI and compared to other types of interpretation as well as a brief overview of the development of this type of interpreting in Sweden, USA and Canada as pioneer countries and German-speaking countries.

For the definition of CI compared especially to conference interpreting, the following factors are important: the particular communication situation, the additional skills of the interpreter, guidelines for CI as well as questions of quality management and the role of the interpreter: Is the tendency to over-emphasize the position of power of the community interpreter fair? 

In the context of a country-specific overview, the following are also discussed: the professional status of the community interpreter and the situation on the labor market – in areas of court interpreting (including asylum procedures, eg Legal Law Clinic in Innsbruck, Austria as a positive example) and hospital interpreting – and training for community interpreters at university (eg in Graz and Vienna in Austria).

In conclusion, I would like to speak about necessary steps to professionalize CI in German-speaking countries.
Η μεγάλη πυρκαϊά της 5ης/18ης Αυγούστου 1917 στη Θεσσαλονίκη
Authors: Βακαλόπουλος Αποστ. Ε.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Προσφυγικά προβλήματα του βορειοελλαδικού και λοιπού χώρου στο ελληνικό κοινοβούλιο (1924-1928)
Authors: Πελαγίδης Στάθης
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Η Θεσσαλονίκη και η περιοχή Πέλλας-Γενιτσών στα 1828
Authors: Βακαλόπουλος Απόστολος Ε.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Τα ονόματα των παντοπωλών και των αμπατζήδων της Θεσσαλονίκης στον κώδικα 8 της Μονής «Άγιος Στέφανος» των Μετεώρων (1714-1725)
Authors: Σπανός Κώστας
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Das erste sterberegister der pester Griechen (1792-1803)
Authors: Füves Ödön
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Η σημερινή κατάσταση της κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσας στον Ελλαδικό χώρο: (ιστορική, εθνολογική, κοινωνική και γλωσσολογική διάσταση)
Authors: Κολτσίδας Αντώνης Μιχ.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Δημώδεις ιστορικές παραδόσεις από τη Δυτική Μακεδονία
Authors: Βαρβούνης Μ. Γ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Ανέκδοτες επιστολές του Ιωάννη Κωνσταντινίδη στον Στέφανο Δραγούμη
Authors: Κεκρίδης Στάθης Ν.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Ανάγλυφη εικόνα του Αγίου Δημητρίου από την Ομορφοκκλησιά Καστοριάς
Authors: Πέτκος Αντώνιος , Παρχαρίδου Μαγδαληνή
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Η ίδρυση, οργάνωση και λειτουργία της Γεωργικής Σχολής Εικοσιφοίνισσας Παγγαίου (1909-1912)
Authors: Μπάκας Ιωάννης Θ.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Άμεση απάντηση σε έμμεση κριτική
Authors: Τζιτζιλής Χρήστος
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Οι τουρκικές συνοικίες-χωριά και ο τουρκικός πληθυσμός της υποδιοίκησης Λαγκαδά κατά το έτος 1914
Authors: Βαλσαμίδης Πασχάλης
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Αγγελική Κωνσταντοπούλου, Βυζαντινή Θεσσαλονίκη. Χώρος και ιδεολογία
Authors: Μίσιου Διονυσία
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Sharon Gerstel, Beholding the sacred mysteries, programs of the byzantine sanctuary
Authors: Καζαμία-Τσέρνου Μ.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Το ψηφιδωτό Λευκαδίων Ναούσης με τεχνική μαύρο-άσπρο και τα πολύχρωμα ψηφιδωτά της Βέροιας
Authors: Πέτκος Αντώνιος
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Τα γλωσσικά ιδιώματα του νομού Κοζάνης ως βόρεια και οι κυριότερες ιδιορρυθμίες τους
Authors: Θαβώρης Α. Ι.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Ειδήσεις για τις καταπιέσεις των Ελλήνων της Μακεδονίας πριν από την Επανάσταση του 1821
Authors: Βακαλόπουλος Αποστ. Ε.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Οι Ρωμαίοι και η Χαλκιδική
Authors: Σαμσάρης Δημήτρης Κ.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Ένα άγνωστο έργο του Γεωργίου Ζαχαριάδη με χρονολογία 1845
Authors: Πηδώνια Κομνηνή Δ.
Published: October 2015

No Abstract
Λειτουργικοί ύμνοι στο Μακρυναρίκι του καθολικού της Ι. Μ. Τιμίου Προδρόμου Σερρών
Authors: Στρατή Αγγελική
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Ελευθερία Ι. Νικολαΐδου, Η ρουμανική προπαγάνδα στο Βιλαέτι Ιωαννίνων και στα βλαχόφωνα χωριά της Πίνδου- τ. Α' (μέσα 19ου αι. - 1900)
Authors: Κολτσίδας Αντώνης Μιχ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Θωράκιο βυζαντινής σαρκοφάγου από τη Ζίχνα
Authors: Μουτσόπουλος Ν. Κ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Παλαίτυπα και ενθυμήσεις από τη Χότσιστα (Hocisht) Κορυτσάς
Authors: Καρακίτσιος Ελευθέριος
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Χρήστος Δ. Καρδαράς, Ιωακείμ Γ' - Χαρ. Τρικούπης, Η αντιπαράθεση. Από την ανέκδοτη αλληλογραφία του Οικουμενικού Πατριάρχη (1878-1884)
Authors: Καραθανάσης Αθ. Ε.
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Actes de Vatopédi I. Des origines à 1329. Édition diplomatique par J. Bompaire, J. Lefort, V. Kravari, C. Giros. Texte-Album (Archives de l’Athos XXI), P. Lethielleux
Authors: Πολέμης Ιωάννης Δ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Deux tours Turques de Thessalonique
Authors: Braun J.-P. , Faucherre N. , Spieser J.-M.
Published: October 2015

Στο άρθρο αυτό γίνεται προσπάθεια νά χρονολογηθούν μέ ακρίβεια ό Λευκός Πύργος καί δ Πύργος τού Τριγωνίου (Πύργος τής 'Αλύσεως). Για το λόγο αύτό, έγιναν νέα σχέδια των δυο μνημείων, μέ άδεια τής ’Αρχαιολογικής Υπηρεσίας (Εφορεία Βυζαντινών ’Αρχαιοτήτων).

Ό εσωτερικός χώρος τού Λευκού Πύργου μάς έπιτρέπει νά τον συγκρίνουμε μέ τούς πιο σημαντικούς πύργους τού οχυρού τού Ρούμελη Χισάρ καί τούς πύργους τού Γεντί Κουλέ, τού δχυροΰ πού κτίστηκε κοντά στή Χρυσή Πύλη στήν Κωνσταντινούπολη. Σημειώνουμε ιδιαίτερα δτι ή έσωτερική διαρρύθμιση καί το άμυντικό σύστημα διαφέρουν έντελώς από τούς μεγάλους πύργους τής Δύσης τού 13ου αί. ’Αντίθετα, δέν φαίνεται νά υπήρχε καμία πρόβλεψη για, πυροβόλα όπλα. Οί παρατηρήσεις αυτές συνηγορούν στή χρονολόγηση τού Λευκού Πύργου στά μέσα τού 15ου αΐ., χωρίς νά είναι δυνατό νά λεχθεί άν είναι προγενέστερος (μεταξύ 1430 καί 1450) ή λίγο μεταγενέστερος τών μνημείων μέ τά όποια συγκρίθηκε. Καταλήγου με επίσης στό συμπέρασμα ότι περιβαλλόταν, ήδη άπό τήν έποχή τής κατασκευής του, άπό ένα χαμηλό περίβολο· ή επιγραφή τού 1530 πού βρισκόταν στό Λευκό Πύργο άναφερόταν προφανώς σέ μία επισκευή αύτου τού περιβόλου.

Άντιθέτως ό Πύργος τού Τριγωνίου είχε ειδικά διαμορφωθεί γιά πυροβόλα όπλα (ύπαρξη ένός πυριτοδοποιείου, κρύπτης). Πρέπει νά ληφθεΐ υπόψη τό άμυντικό του σύστημα: τό πάχος τών τοίχων, ό συμπαγής πύργος σέ μεγάλο μέρος τού υψους του, ό περιφερειακός διάδρομος γιά τήν κυκλοφορία. Ή έλλειψη άνάλογων πύργων στή ΝΑ Ευρώπη δυσχεραίνει μία άκριβή χρονολόγηση τού πύργου, άλλα δέν μπορεί νά είναι προγενέστερος τών άρχών τού 16ου αί. Δέν μπορεί όμως νά αποκλειστεί καί ή περίπτωση νά φτάνει μέχρι τό τελευταίο τέταρτο τού αιώνα αυτού καί νά συνδέεται ή κατασκευή του μέ τις συνέπειες τής ναυμαχίας τής Ναυπάκτου.
Άγαλμα καθισμένης γυναικείας μορφής στο μουσείο της Πέλλας
Authors: Καραμήτρου-Μεντεσίδη Γεωργία
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Κωνσταντίνου Α. Βακαλοπούλου, Ο Βόρειος Ελληνισμός κατά την πρώιμη φάση του Μακεδονικού Αγώνα (1878-1894). Απομνημονεύματα Αναστασίου Πηχεώνα
Authors: Αγγελόπουλος Αθαν.
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Νικολάου Κρουσουλούδη, Ο βίος και το έργον του εθνομάρτυρος μητροπολίτου Χίου Πλάτωνος Φραγκιάδου (1776-1822)
Authors: Αγγελόπουλος Αθαν.
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Οι Μακεδόνες πρόσφυγες της Σκοπέλου στα 1829
Authors: Χιονίδης Γεώργιος Χ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract 
Helmut Kyrieleis, Bildnisse der Ptolemaer
Authors: Πέτσας Φ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Πως είδαν οι Ευρωπαίοι πρόξενοι της Θεσσαλονίκης την κατάσταση στη Μακεδονία τον περασμένο αιώνα
Authors: Βακαλόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος Απ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Οι τοιχογραφίες του καθολικού της Μονής της Παναγίας στον Αλιάκμονα
Authors: Παπαζώτος Θανάσης
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Η εθνική δράση του Γεωργίου και Ιωάννου Ξανθού (Γευγελή) και του Αλεξ. Ζουμετίκου (μοναστήρι) κατά το Μακεδονικό Αγώνα
Authors: Βακαλόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος Απ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Γεωργίου Γ. Γούναρη, Οι τοιχογραφίες των Αγίων Αποστόλων και της Παναγίας Ρασιώτισσας στην Καστοριά
Authors: Κυριακούδης Β. Ν.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Documents inédits provenant de l’archive de la colonisation des Macédoniens «Néa Pella» à Atalanti
Authors: Βέλκος Γρηγ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Ο Kanurmâme και οι χριστιανοί κάτοικοι της Θεσσαλονίκης γύρω στα 1525
Authors: Δημητριάδης Βασίλης
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Περί την επιγραφήν "Άννης της Παλαιολογίνης"
Authors: Αγγελόπουλος Αθανάσιος
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Τα γαλλικά προξενικά πρακτορεία της Θεσσαλονίκης στα 1795
Authors: Βακαλόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος Απ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract