bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los trabajos verticales en la elaboración de estudios previos de edificios históricos en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Diebolt Kent , Banta James V.
Published: April 2016

La necesidad de elaborar estudios previos detallados del edificio antes del proyecto de restauración entra a menudo en conflicto con la imposibilidad de un conocimiento directo del problema, por falta de medios económicos para la construcción de un andamio, que sólo estará disponible durante la ejecución de la obra. La redacción de estudios previos con ayuda de trabajos verticales constituye una magnífica solución técnica y un compromiso razonable con la economía antes de emprender las obras de restauración. Este artículo presenta un panorama en EEUU de esta reciente rama de la profesión que puede convertirse en una poderosa herramienta para el arquitecto restaurador en un futuro inmediato.
La reconstrucción de Berlín, la búsqueda de una nueva identidad
Authors: Martínez Monedero Miguel
Published: April 2016

La destrucción de Berlín en la Segunda Guerra Mundial dejó una ciudad devastada y dividida en sectores. Esta división generó diversas estrategias y experimentos de reconstrucción o reintepretación de la ciudad que han dejado su huella en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. La reunificación de Alemania ha venido a suturar la cicatriz del muro de Berlín al tiempo que a terminar la tarea de la reconstrucción, con una nueva estrategia a añadirse a las anteriores. La reciente polémica sobre la reconstrucción mimética del desaparecido Stadtschloss demuestra que el trabajo comenzado en la posguerra no ha visto todavía su fin. Este artículo repasa esta trayectoria de pruebas y ensayos en búsqueda de la creación de una nueva identidad tras la guerra.
La Restauración de Le Peuple en Bruselas para Casa de Asturias
Authors: Ruiz Fernández Rogelio , González Astorga Macario Luis , Uría de la Fuente Javier
Published: April 2016

Este magnífico edificio del Movimiento Moderno belga, abandonado a su suerte y en delicado estado de conservación ha sido objeto de rehabilitación por parte de su nuevo propietario, el Principado de Asturias. El artículo repasa la historia del edificio original como imprenta de un conocido rotativo socialista local, su estado previo a la restauración, la redacción de un proyecto que permitiera alojar la nueva función respetando el carácter y la constitución del edificio existente y la reflexión continua y pormenores de la ejecución de la obra, que debió recurrir en varias ocasiones a artesanos especializados para la restauración o reproducción de los detalles y elementos dañados o perdidos del inmueble.
Tradición constructiva y restauración
Authors: Torsello B. Paolo
Published: April 2016

Constatada la incompatibilidad física y material de muchas restauraciones realizadas en el pasado, ha surgido un debate en los últimos años en torno a la bondad de recuperar las antiguas tradiciones constructivas para el proceso de restauración con una simple interpretación mecánica. El profesor Torsello disecciona el concepto y la pertinencia de la tradición constructiva en la actualidad, analizando el concepto de tradición a la luz de su relación con la experiencia, la ciencia, la historia y la producción, para descubrir un orden de problemas que afecta a la estructura de nuestro saber y cuyo origen reside en los cambios radicales que caracterizan a la modernidad. Constatada la incompatibilidad física y material de muchas restauraciones realizadas en el pasado, ha surgido un debate en los últimos años en torno a la bondad de recuperar las antiguas tradiciones constructivas para el proceso de restauración con una simple interpretación mecánica. El profesor Torsello disecciona el concepto y la pertinencia de la tradición constructiva en la actualidad, analizando el concepto de tradición a la luz de su relación con la experiencia, la ciencia, la historia y la producción, para descubrir un orden de problemas que afecta a la estructura de nuestro saber y cuyo origen reside en los cambios radicales que caracterizan a la modernidad.
Estudio, diagnosis, limpieza y consolidación de las torres del portal de Quart, Valencia
Authors: Benlloch Marco Javier , Ramírez Blanco Manuel Jesús , Ferrandis Montesinos José
Published: April 2016

El magnífico portal de Quart de Valencia, construido con una combinación de fábrica de sillería y tapia curva de hormigón de cal, constituye una de las dos antiguas entradas de la muralla medieval a la ciudad que se conserva en la actualidad. El artículo presenta el proceso completo de investigación desde el estudio histórico y las primeras restauraciones realizadas en el pasado, hasta la diagnosis y establecimiento de criterios de actuación, además de una descripción detallada del proceso de limpieza y consolidación de las fábricas, sin dejar de lado el enlucido polémico de que ha sido objeto la parte posterior del portal, por su contraste con la antigua fábrica.
El campanario dei Frari en Venecia: conocimiento y restauración
Authors: Cavaggioni Ilaria , Lionello Alberto , Squassina Angela
Published: April 2016

El estudio previo, proyecto y proceso de restauración del campanario de la iglesia dei Frari en Venecia constituye un caso ejemplar de intervención en un edificio histórico. Esta intervención ha partido de una investigación rigurosa de los datos documentales en paralelo con una lectura detallada de la fábrica material que ha permitido contrastar la verosimilitud y las lagunas de las fuentes históricas, la evolución del edificio, su realidad construida y los efectos de las intervenciones de reparación del pasado, al tiempo que se iban monitorizando las lesiones de la fábrica. A la luz de este conocimiento, la restauración ha actuado con una gran prudencia en aras al respeto de la historia material del edificio y de la compatibilidad estructural a corto y largo plazo.
Developing and bounding ice particle mass- and area-dimension expressions for use in atmospheric models and remote sensing
Authors: Erfani Ehsan , Mitchell David L.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Ice particle mass- and projected area-dimension (m-D and A-D) power laws are commonly used in the treatment of ice cloud microphysical and optical properties and the remote sensing of ice cloud properties. Although there has long been evidence that a single m-D or A-D power law is often not valid over all ice particle sizes, few studies have addressed this fact. This study develops self-consistent m-D and A-D expressions that are not power laws but can easily be reduced to power laws for the ice particle size (maximum dimension or D) range of interest, and they are valid over a much larger D range than power laws. This was done by combining ground measurements of individual ice particle m and D formed at temperature T  <  −20 °C during a cloud seeding field campaign with 2-D stereo (2D-S) and cloud particle imager (CPI) probe measurements of D and A, and estimates of m, in synoptic and anvil ice clouds at similar temperatures. The resulting m-D and A-D expressions are functions of temperature and cloud type (synoptic vs. anvil), and are in good agreement with m-D power laws developed from recent field studies considering the same temperature range (−60 °C  <  T  <  −20 °C).
Validation of GOME-2/Metop total column water vapour with ground-based and in situ measurements
Authors: Kalakoski Niilo , Kujanpää Jukka , Sofieva Viktoria , Tamminen Johanna , Grossi Margherita , Valks Pieter
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The total column water vapour product from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 on board Metop-A and Metop-B satellites (GOME-2/Metop-A and GOME-2/Metop-B) produced by the Satellite Application Facility on Ozone and Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring (O3M SAF) is compared with co-located radiosonde observations and global positioning system (GPS) retrievals. The validation is performed using recently reprocessed data by the GOME Data Processor (GDP) version 4.7. The time periods for the validation are January 2007–July 2013 (GOME-2A) and December 2012–July 2013 (GOME-2B). The radiosonde data are from the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) maintained by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The ground-based GPS observations from the COSMIC/SuomiNet network are used as the second independent data source. We find a good general agreement between the GOME-2 and the radiosonde/GPS data. The median relative difference of GOME-2 to the radiosonde observations is −2.7 % for GOME-2A and −0.3 % for GOME-2B. Against the GPS, the median relative differences are 4.9 % and 3.2 % for GOME-2A and B, respectively. For water vapour total columns below 10 kg m−2, large wet biases are observed, especially against the GPS retrievals. Conversely, at values above 50 kg m−2, GOME-2 generally underestimates both ground-based observations.
What if the 25th October 2011 event that stroke Cinque Terre (Liguria) had happened in Genova, Italy? Flooding scenarios, hazard mapping and damages estimation
Authors: Silvestro Francesco , Rebora Nicola , Rossi Lauro , Dolia Daniele , Gabellani Simone , Pignone Flavio , Trasforini Eva , Rudari Roberto , De Angeli Silvia , Masciulli Cristiano
Published: April 2016

Abstract. During the autumn of 2011 two catastrophic very intense rainfall events affected two different parts of the Liguria Region of Italy causing various flash floods. The first occurred in October and the second at the beginning of November. They became two "school cases" studied by many scientists around the world and they awaken the interest of the local authorities and of the civil protection actors regarding these type of calamities. Due to the large amount of damages and the numerous victims, they caused a general increase of the sensibleness of the citizens of the stricken areas regarding the natural hazards. Two main considerations were done in order to set up this work. The first consideration is that various studies demonstrated that the two events had a similar genesis and similar triggering elements. The second very evident and coarse concern is that two main elements are needed to have a flash flood: a very intense and localized rainfall event and a catchment (or a group of catchments) to be affected. Starting from these assumptions we did the exercise of mixing the two flash floods ingredients by putting the rainfall field of the first event on the main catchment stroke by the second event that has its mouth in correspondence of the biggest city of the Liguria Region: Genova. A complete framework was set up to quantitatively carry out a "what if" experiment with the aim of evaluating the possible damages associated to this event. The approachcombines a probabilistic rainfall downscaling model, a hydrological model, a 2D hydraulic model and a proper methodology for damages estimation. This leads to the estimation of the potential economic losses and of the risk level for the people that stays in the affected area. The results are interesting, surprising and in such a way worrying: a rare but not impossible event (it occurred about 50 km away from Genoa) would have caused huge damages estimated between 120 and 230 million of euros for the affected part of the city of Genova, Italy and more than 17 000 potentially affected people.
Two Similarity Metrics for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): An Aid to Biomedical Text Mining and Author Name Disambiguation
Authors: Smalheiser Neil R , Bonifield Gary
Published: April 2016

In the present paper, we have created and characterized several similarity metrics for relating any two Medical Subject Headings (MeSH terms) to each other. The article-based metric measures the tendency of two MeSH terms to appear in the MEDLINE record of the same article. The author-based metric measures the tendency of two MeSH terms to appear in the body of articles written by the same individual (using the 2009 Author-ity author name disambiguation dataset as a gold standard). The two metrics are only modestly correlated with each other (r = 0.50), indicating that they capture different aspects of term usage. The article-based metric provides a measure of semantic relatedness, and MeSH term pairs that co-occur more often than expected by chance may reflect relations between the two terms. In contrast, the author metric is indicative of how individuals practice science, and may have value for author name disambiguation and studies of scientific discovery. We have calculated article metrics for all MeSH terms appearing in at least 25 articles in MEDLINE (as of 2014) and author metrics for MeSH terms published as of 2009. The dataset is freely available for download and can be queried at http://arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu/arrowsmith_uic/mesh_pair_metrics.html. Handling editor: Elizabeth Workman, MLIS, PhD.
Qualidade de vida de mulheres com dor pélvica crônica
Authors: Luz Rosa Azevedo da , Rodrigues Flávia Melo , Vila Vanessa Silva Carvalho , Deus José Miguel de , Conde Délio Marques
Published: April 2016

Os objetivos deste estudo transversal foram comparar a qualidade de vida e as características socioeconômicas de mulheres com e sem dor pélvica e investigar achados clínicos e cirúrgicos de mulheres com dor pélvica crônica.  Os dados foram coletados em um hospital público, de Goiânia/GO, Brasil. A intensidade da dor foi aferida pela escala analógica visual e qualidade de vida avaliada pelo SF-36. A maioria das mulheres classificou a dor como intensa (52%) e conviviam com a dor há 8,8 (±7,7) anos. Mulheres do grupo com dor pélvica crônica apresentaram escores inferiores em todas as dimensões avaliadas pelo SF-36 (p< 0,05), exceto na dimensão saúde mental, quando comparado com o grupo sem dor. A correlação foi negativa (p=0,017) entre a intensidade da dor e a dimensão dor do SF-36. A dor pélvica apresentou impacto negativo significativo na qualidade de vida, com prejuízos para a saúde física e mental das mulheres.
Como os homens adultos utilizam e avaliam os serviços de saúde
Authors: Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Arruda Guilherme de Oliveira , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: April 2016

Estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa que objetivou conhecer em quais situações homens adultos procuram os serviços de saúde e como eles avaliam o atendimento recebido. Os dados foram coletados em novembro e dezembro de 2012, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, em duas unidades de emergência. Participaram 32 homens, cujos discursos foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Os homens, em sua maioria, referiram utilizar os setores de emergência para a resolução de seus problemas de saúde. Entretanto, alguns relataram ter a atenção primária como porta de entrada para o sistema de saúde. Ainda, apontaram falhas na assistência recebida como falta de atenção, compreensão e comunicação por parte dos profissionais. A procura, utilização e avaliação que os homens fazem dos serviços constitui-se em atual desafio aos profissionais de saúde e gestores, pois envolvem percepções e perspectivas não consideradas no atendimento à população masculina.
Avaliação clínica de crianças e adolescentes asmáticos: relevância da atenção interdisciplinar
Authors: Siqueira Karina Machado , Pereira Geovanna Líscio , Bittencourt André Luiz , Colodino Camila Silva , Fernandes Isabela Cristine Ferreira , Barbosa Maria Alves
Published: April 2016

Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, que objetivou avaliar as condições clínicas de crianças e adolescentes com asma, ao iniciarem o tratamento e após seis meses de acompanhamento por equipe multiprofissional, com foco na atenção interdisciplinar. Pesquisa desenvolvida em ambulatório de referência terciária para a atenção à asma infantil, em Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Foram coletados dados de 101 prontuários entre janeiro e março de 2013. As crianças e adolescentes eram predominantemente do sexo masculino (70,3%), com idade entre dois e cinco anos (31,7%) e classificadas como casos de asma persistente moderada (47,6%). Após o acompanhamento durante seis meses, verificou-se que a maioria (64,4%) obteve controle total ou parcial da doença, redução de todos os sintomas identificados na primeira consulta e apresentaram alta adesão ao tratamento farmacológico proposto (70,3%). A atenção interdisciplinar pode resultar na melhoria do manejo clínico e contribuir para o avanço na qualidade da assistência a crianças e adolescentes asmáticos.
Sobrevivência a parada cardiorrespiratória intra-hospitalar: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Nacer Daiana Terra , Barbieri Ana Rita
Published: April 2016

Muitas são as vidas perdidas por Parada Cardiorrespiratória (PCR) em ambiente intra-hospitalar, porém existem poucos estudos a respeito. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a sobrevivência a PCR intra-hospitalar. Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada a partir da questão norteadora: quais são as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura relacionadas à sobrevivência a PCR intra-hospitalar? A partir dos descritores “Parada Cardíaca”, “Ressuscitação cardiopulmonar” e “Sobrevivência”. Os estudos selecionados foram sistematizados nas categorias: análise das taxas de sobrevivência; fatores relacionados com a sobrevivência e taxas de sobrevivência. Diante dos resultados observou-se poucas publicações sobre o tema, taxas variáveis de sobrevivência, estudos com delineamentos divergentes e ausência de estudos nacionais, destacando-se o uso de registros Utstein Style nas pesquisas. Pode-se concluir que a divulgação de diretrizes tem contribuído com melhoria da sobrevivência mundialmente, no cenário brasileiro ainda é preciso ampliar os registros sobre sua prática e resultados.
A visibilidade do enfermeiro em unidades de terapia intensiva: percepções de trabalhadores
Authors: Frota Liza Amaral , Camponogara Silviamar , Arboit Éder Luís , Tolfo Fernando , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Freitas Eliane de Oliveira
Published: April 2016

Objetivou-se conhecer as percepções de trabalhadores da área da saúde sobre a visibilidade do enfermeiro atuante em unidade de terapia intensiva. Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em um hospital de grande porte do Sul do Brasil. Os participantes foram médicos, fisioterapeutas, secretárias e serventes de limpeza atuantes nas unidades de terapia intensiva. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. A visibilidade do enfermeiro é reconhecida pela sua articulação do processo assistencial, subsidiada pelo conhecimento científico e capacidade gerencial. A falta de apoio institucional e a sobrecarga de trabalho foram apontadas pelos outros profissionais como limites. A grande responsabilidade imputada ao enfermeiro e a sobrecarga são fatores desfavoráveis a visibilidade, já o conhecimento científico aliado ao fazer do enfermeiro, lhe dá visibilidade, credibilidade, confiança e respeito por parte da equipe.
Buddhism and Science in the Mirror of Language
Authors: Cho Francisca
Published: April 2016

From the very beginning of the European encounter with Buddhism, both Asian and western commentators have argued that Buddhism is compatible with Science, at the risk of producing a naturalistic interpretation of the teaching of the Buddha. If the dialogue between Buddhism and science is to be substantial, then it is critical to understand Buddhism better than many presently do. Better understanding means assessing the conflict between religion and science from a Buddhist perspective, rather than reducing Buddhism to the mere object of scientific validation or refutation. Buddhist assumptions are different from western ones and its major teachings—such as karma—are best not shoehorned into foreign philosophical frameworks like Cartesian mind/body dualism. In this paper, the author focuses on one salient example. The arc of Buddhist tradition probes and questions the belief that human language is able to articulate timeless and universal truths. If this skepticism about the capacity of language is justified, then it has direct significance for the modern western tension between religion and science because this conflict centers on whose propositions and narratives about the universe are correct. If we take Buddhism seriously, one must consider the possibility that neither religious nor scientific discourse can claim definitive knowledge, and that even a combination of the two is not adequate.
Stem Cell Research and Judaism
Authors: Crane Jonathan K.
Published: April 2016

The potential of stem cell research to contribute to human understanding of human development, aging, ailment, and demise is indisputable. This essay surveys Judaic perspectives on these promising yet imperfect ways of securing pluripotent stem cells for scientific and medicinal purposes. As one might expect, there is disagreement
among modern Jewish bioethicists about which modes of securing these cells is permissible. Yet there is overwhelming consensus among them that using such cells to improve scientific knowledge and medicinal treatments is indeed permissible if not obligatory. To appreciate these dynamics, we first look at some principles Judaism holds in regard to medicine in general. We then investigate in light of Judaic texts the particular strategies used to extract and establish pluripotent stem cells. The concluding section evaluates these principles and concerns.
Tarkovsky, Science and Faith
Authors: Zelensky Elizabeth
Published: April 2016

Faith and science – two mutually exclusive worlds or two aspects of the same God-given reality? Prof. Zelensky offers in this article a personal reflection on the topic of Science and Religion based on the film Stalker by the Russian director Andrei Tarkovsky.
Qu’ranic Foundation of Islamic Science
Authors: Mrahorović Senad
Published: April 2016

Every aspect of the Islamic religion from intellectual and doctrinal to jurisprudential and practical domains has its origin in the Qur’ān or the Sunnah of the Prophet. The concept of Islamic science, which includes all of the highly significant and enormously rich intellectual and scientific enterprise that Muslims and non-Muslims living under the umbrella of the Islamic civilization have produced for the past fourteen centuries, is of no exception. In this essay, the author discusses the Qur’ān as the main source for the development of Islamic science.
A Quantitative Framework for Evaluating the Sustainability of Irish Potato Cropping Systems after the Landmark Agrarian Reform in Zimbabwe
Authors: Svubure O. , Struik P.C. , Haverkort A.J. , Steyn J.M.
Published: April 2016

Frameworks to evaluate the sustainability of cropping systems in developing countries are scarce. This study proposes a framework to select easily quantifiable indicators that can be used to assess and communicate the sustainability of cropping systems in developing countries. The widely accepted social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability were covered using predefined criteria from which the indicators were then drawn. An initial list of indicators was established based on literature review and expert opinion, and through filtering reduced to 16 core indicators. Using the case of Irish potato-based cropping systems, a grower survey was conducted to collect data on production practices in four different cropping systems. The survey data were then used to calculate the sustainability indicators expressed as resource use efficiencies based on actual potato yields. The survey data also served as input into the Cool Farm Tool – Potato model to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from farm operations involved in potato production. With the help of local agricultural extension officers, focus group discussions were held with farmers of each production system to decide on sustainable and unsustainable indicator threshold levels. The participatory nature of the framework involving farmers and local extension officers secured buy-in from key stakeholders important for operationalization, monitoring and evaluation.
A Review of an International Sustainability Standard (GlobalGAP) and its Local Replica (MyGAP)
Authors: Tey Yeong Sheng , Rajendran Natasha , Brindal Mark , Sidique Shaufique Fahmi Ahmad , Shamsudin Mad Nasir , Radam Alias , Hadi Ahmad Hanis Izani Abdul
Published: April 2016

In light of growing concerns about sustainable development, international sustainability standards are prevalent and are replicated by local governments to form country-specific sustainability standards. A consensus has been reached that local sustainability standards can be considered to underperform in view of their limited adoption. Supplementing the current literature, this study hypothesizes additional explanations of this phenomenon through a review of both the GlobalGAP (international) and Malaysian Good Agricultural Practices (MyGAP) standards. Through content analysis, the findings indicate that MyGAP provides a weak institutional framework and market opportunity structure. In addition, since it lacks transparency and accountability, its credibility is questionable. Although it is not clear whether such a credibility issue has a direct impact on the local market, sustainable produce is neither differentiated nor rewarded through premiums. The GlobalGAP standard was found to be an exemplar, and potential improvements are suggested to help support local sustainability standards.
The Adoption Problem; or Why We Still Understand so Little about Technological Change in African Agriculture
Authors: Glover Dominic , Sumberg James , Andersson Jens A.
Published: April 2016

The notion of adoption is central to efforts to measure technological change in African agriculture, and plays an important role in the evaluation of return on investment in agricultural research and technology development. However, the adoption concept, as it is commonly used in both the literature and development research practice, is seriously flawed and leads to inaccurate and misleading conclusions. The authors outline a design specification for a replacement concept that would provide a better basis for robust empirical research on the economic, social and environmental impacts of investment in agricultural technology development and promotion. They propose that this new concept can contribute to a better and more nuanced understanding of the impacts of technology development interventions.
DA DOMINAÇÃO COLONIAL À COLONIALIDADE DO SABER: EFEITOS DO DETERMINISMO ECOLÓGICO DUAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Loiola Sérgio Almeida , Cardoso Ludimila Stival , Araújo Alexandre Martins , Nazareno Elias
Published: April 2016

Este artigo estabelece reflexões acerca dos efeitos do determinismo ecológico dual sobre a formação social brasileira. Realizada a partir de fontes bibliográficas, a pesquisa funda-se no olhar crítico do pensamento pós-colonial, na semiosis colonial e na perspectiva da interação sociedade-natureza da historia ambiental, a fim de desconstruir os signos de dominação disseminados na representação dual da natureza no Brasil. Desde o período colonial a representação de natureza ocorreu numa perspectiva dual: paraíso provedor de riquezas, e/ou fator limitante à sociedade; ambas representações tributárias do determinismo ecológico, fundado, sobretudo, na ideia aristotélica dos trópicos como fator limitante às sociedades e na Teoria do degeneracionismo. Esse dualismo originou-se a partir da visão utilitarista e externalizada da relação sociedade-natureza, durante o processo de dominação colonial. Influenciou a construção do “ser brasileiro”, já que as identidades do povo brasileiro estiveram associadas a noção de selvagem, florestas, meio ecológico e riquezas naturais, operando no modo como o brasileiro se vê, e é visto. Os resultados expõem que, se antes os signos da dominação colonial travestidos de “destino ecológico” eram externos, no presente encontram-se internalizados na mídia, literatura, ciência e na política, oferecendo barreira mental para a identificação das potencialidades e limites do meio ecológico, bem como o desenvolvimento de uma sociedade com elevada sustentabilidade.
RECIFE, DINÂMICA URBANA E CENA MANGUEBEAT
Authors: Alves Cristiano Nunes
Published: April 2016

Cidade marcada a um só tempo pela desigualdade socioterritorial e pelo seu caráter cosmopolita, o Recife fora o lugar de surgimento do manguebeat ou manguebit, movimentação artística difundida alhures no início dos anos 1990. Sinalizando para a fusão entre a música elétrica e os ritmos negros de matriz brasileira, o manguebeat contribuiu decisivamente para a constituição de um olhar especial sobre a cultura do Recife e de Pernambuco. Operacionalizando a noção de “cena musical”, objetiva-se analisar os nexos entre a dinâmica urbana do Recife e o manguebeat. Abordam-se os contornos da Cena Manguebeat durante o seu período de formação, dinamizada por sujeitos oriundos de diversos lugares e classes sociais da capital pernambucana, pensando e agindo sobre a cidade como abrigo. Discute-se a relação entre a dinâmica da urbe recifense e o manifesto “Caranguejos com Cérebro”, portador de uma crítica ao crescimento desordenado sofrido pela metrópole e anteato para a difusão da Cena Mangue alhures. Tecem-se reflexões sobre os vínculos entre a Cena Mangue, a cultura popular erigida nos lugares e a concepção de vanguarda nas artes. Observam-se assim, as associações e os conflitos entre os sujeitos da Cena e agentes da indústria cultural. Reflete-se sobre a repercussão espaço temporal do Manguebeat, destacando-se a dinâmica dessa Cena no período contemporâneo, presente na urbe recifense e fora dela, aportando em diversos lugares da rede urbana brasileira. Trata-se, o manguebeat, de rica empiria, para, a partir da dimensão cultural, melhor entender o funcionamento da metrópole contemporânea.
TEMPERATURA DOS SOLOS E SUAS INFLUÊNCIAS NA REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL DA CAATINGA NOS CARIRIS VELHOS – PB
Authors: Souza Bartolomeu Israel de , Macêdo Mônica Larissa Aires , Silva Glauciene Justino Ferreira
Published: April 2016

A Caatinga vem sofrendo alterações históricas através da retirada maciça da vegetação para o desenvolvimento de diversas atividades econômicas, o que vem acarretando uma série de problemas ambientais e, dentre estes, o aumento da temperatura dos solos. Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido na região dos Cariris Velhos – PB, uma das mais atingidas pelo desmatamento no semiárido brasileiro, com o objetivo de identificar como esse processo tem afetado a temperatura dos solos, estabelecendo relações com a capacidade de germinação das sementes de plantas nativas da Caatinga em função dos níveis térmicos identificados, características ainda pouco conhecidas e de fundamental importância para que se possa compreender melhor a sucessão ecológica em áreas degradadas. Neste trabalho, foi analisada uma série histórica de dados de temperaturas de subsuperfície, obtidos através de geotermômetros, submetidos a tratamento estatístico, e de superfície, através do uso de imagens de satélite, seguida de um levantamento da capacidade de germinação de sementes da Caatinga em diferentes condições térmicas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o desmatamento vem acarretando a elevação da temperatura média dos solos, atualmente dominando níveis superiores a 350C em grande parte da região, para os quais a maioria das sementes das espécies consultadas não se desenvolveria, tornando ainda mais difícil a recuperação destes ambientes. Os dados apresentados apontam a urgência em evitar a expansão do desmatamento na Caatinga, assim como a criação de medidas de recuperação dos ambientes desertificados.
Teachers’ and Students’ Attitudes towards the Implementation of Content-Based Instruction in Higher Education in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Hung Bui Phu , Hai Tran Thi
Published: April 2016

Content-based instruction programs carried out in higher education in Ho Chi Minh City rests against national language-in-education policy and planning. However, in the first phase of implementation, this kind of courses proves problematic. This present study investigated teachers’ and students’ opinions on the implementation of content-based instruction (CBI) courses at three universities to make necessary recommendations for institutional developments. More than half of the students found the curricula problematic and thought their teachers should develop themselves more. In addition, teachers believed the institutions which they were working for should offer them opportunities to study overseas. The one thing which most of the teachers and students agreed on was that CBI was a good language-in-education policy.
Leadership of Presidents of Brazilian Olympic Sport Federations: Comparison between Real and Ideal Perceived Competencies Profiles According to Their Experience
Authors: Freitas Daiane Miranda de , Carvalho Maria José , Costa Israel Teoldo da , Fonseca António Manuel
Published: April 2016

This research aimed at verifying whether there are differences in behavioural self-perception of presidents of the Brazilian Olympic Sport Federations regarding the real and ideal leadership competencies profiles, taking their time of experience in position into account. This study comprised two complementary studies. The sample of the first study included 83 participants who filled out a translated and adapted version of the Managerial Behaviour Instrument. In the second study, ten presidents of the Olympic Sport Federations of Minas Gerais were interviewed and their answers were content analysed; complementary, there were consulted the statutes of their organizations in what concerns to their duties. Overall, the analysis of the results of both studies showed that all presidents perceived themselves as being competent and, in general, they considered the need of some improvements in their leadership competencies. Furthermore, the presidents declared that, over time, some knowledge and competencies have been acquired and developed, allowing them to adjust management practices. In sum, the time of experience seems to play an important role in the self-perception and development of leadership competencies in these Brazilian presidents.
Multivariate Approaches for Simultaneous Determination of Avanafil and Dapoxetine by UV Chemometrics and HPLC-QbD in Binary Mixtures and Pharmaceutical Product
Authors: Patel Mital N , Kothari Charmy S
Published: April 2016

Multivariate UV-spectrophotometric methods and Quality by Design (QbD) HPLC are described for concurrent estimation of avanafil (AV) and dapoxetine (DP) in the binary mixture and in the dosage form. Chemometric methods have been developed, including classical least-squares, principal component regression, partial least-squares, and multiway partial least-squares. Analytical figures of merit, such as sensitivity, selectivity, analytical sensitivity, LOD, and LOQ were determined. QbD consists of three steps, starting with the screening approach to determine the critical process parameter and response variables. This is followed by understanding of factors and levels, and lastly the application of a Box-Behnken design containing four critical factors that affect the method. From an Ishikawa diagram and a risk assessment tool, four main factors were selected for optimization. Design optimization, statistical calculation, and final-condition optimization of all the reactions were Carried out. Twenty-five experiments were done, and a quadratic model was used for all response variables. Desirability plot, surface plot, design space, and three-dimensional plots were calculated. In the optimized condition, HPLC separation was achieved on Phenomenex Gemini C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using acetonitrile–buffer (ammonium acetate buffer at pH 3.7 with acetic acid) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Quantification was done at 239 nm, and temperature was set at 20°C. The developed methods were validated and successfully applied for simultaneous determination of AV and DP in the dosage form.
Banques, société et politique dans le discours politique d’Edmund Bailey O’Callaghan, 1833-1837
Authors: Harvey Louis-Georges
Published: April 2016

Au premier regard, il semble que peu de journalistes bas-canadiens aient eu une sensibilité aussi développée que celle des journalistes radicaux new-yorkais sur les questions sociales et économiques reliées au développement du capitalisme commercial. Nous avons toutefois trouvé un exemple de cette sensibilité dans le discours du lieutenant politique de Louis-Joseph Papineau, Edmund Bailey O’Callaghan. Bien qu’il soit un promoteur acharné des positions du Parti patriote, O’Callaghan démontre parfois un esprit frondeur, et sa désolidarisation la plus remarquée se manifeste sur la question des banques et de leur rapport aux classes agricoles et ouvrières du Bas-Canada. En fait, sur cette question, il affirme une position nettement plus radicale que celle adoptée par ses collègues de La Minerve, et sa condamnation sans exception de l’effet de la manipulation du numéraire par toutes les banques, même la Banque du peuple, lui attire les reproches de certaines éminences du parti et crée un froid dont le Patriote irlandais se souviendra longtemps. En ce sens, O’Callaghan se rapproche des journalistes radicaux Democrats de la trempe de William Leggett qui mène une croisade contre les grandes banques des États-Unis au nom des travailleurs de New York et Philadelphie.
Le cheval Canadien et les voitures hippomobiles d’hiver vus par Cornelius Kreighoff
Authors: Lacroix Laurier
Published: April 2016

Au cours de sa fructueuse carrière, l’artiste canadien d’origine hollandaise, Cornelius Krieghoff (1815-1872) a réalisé à des centaines de reprises des scènes de genre montrant l’habitant avec son cheval pendant l’hiver. En effet, le peintre et ses clients affectionnent les sujets qui montrent le paysan en compagnie du cheval et des différents types de voiture qu’il utilise.

Son art valorise les qualités du cheval canadien, son endurance, sa vitesse, sa vigueur, son adresse et sa patience en le montrant dans différentes situations. Tantôt on le voit mener le paysan et sa famille, tantôt on le voit courir et galoper. Ces saynètes incluent l’inventaire des moyens de transport dont dispose les Canadiens. Traineau, traineau à bâtons, berline ou berlot et carriole se côtoient sur les routes enneigées et rivalisent avec l’élégant traineau de promenade ou sleigh.

Sa peinture qui multiplie les répliques devient l’archétype des représentations d’habitants au XIXe siècle. La popularité de ses tableaux fera école et ils deviendront un demi-siècle plus tard le sujet à éliminer en vue d’imposer au Canada français un art débarrassé de stéréotypes et fidèle aux nouvelles réalités.
La nouvelle stratification sociale de la société québécoise, 1971 à 2011
Authors: Langlois Simon
Published: April 2016

Nous analysons les profonds changements qui caractérisent la structure sociale de la société québécoise entre 1971 et 2011. Une véritable mutation macrosociale l’a complètement transformée, d’abord visible dans la croissance des effectifs au sein des échelons élevés de la hiérarchie sociale et dans l’avènement d’une nouvelle strate sociale, celle des techniciens. La classe des employés de bureau a rétréci, glissant du 2e rang au 5e rang et la taille de la classe ouvrière a régressée de manière considérable. L’un des aspects les plus marquants est sans contredit la féminisation de la structure sociale et surtout, la forte poussée de la présence des femmes aux échelons moyens et élevés de la hiérarchie sociale. Une nouvelle division du travail selon le sexe est en train de s’accentuer. La classe ouvrière est encore plus masculine que par le passé alors que deux autres strates sociales – celle des employés de bureau et celle des professionnels intermédiaires – sont davantage féminisées.
L’énergie nucléaire au Québec : débats politiques et conflits de représentations, 1963-19961
Authors: Savard Stéphane
Published: April 2016

À l’aide d’une approche centrée sur l’histoire de la culture politique, il est question dans ce texte d’une analyse, sur une période de près de quarante ans, de la place et du rôle joué par les représentations de l’énergie nucléaire au Québec. En étudiant les discours des responsables politiques québécois, des dirigeants d’Hydro-Québec et des nombreux acteurs sociaux qui prennent la parole pour s’opposer ou pour appuyer la production d’électricité par fission nucléaire, l’article met en lumière les conflits politiques et les luttes de représentations symboliques qui en découlent, de même que leurs conséquences dans le domaine énergétique.
Présence et influence de Robert Mandrou au Québec1
Authors: Dorais François-Olivier
Published: April 2016

Cet article porte sur la relation privilégiée qui s’est établie, au cours des années 1960 et 1970, entre l’historien français Robert Mandrou et un groupe d’historiens québécois, jeunes pour la plupart ou en début de carrière. Il cherche à mettre au jour les conditions et la portée de ce rapprochement dont l’impact fut déterminant pour l’évolution de l’historiographie québécoise. L’auteur pose l’hypothèse que ce rapport évolue à travers la structuration d’un ensemble de « connecteurs intellectuels » qui se rapportent tant à la réception québécoise du paradigme des Annales qu’à la spécificité des réseaux de sociabilités que Mandrou a intégrés au Canada francophone.
“Una suma de negaciones”: Apuntes sobre el género testimonial y el Premio Casa de las Américas (1970-1976)
Authors: Forné Anna
Published: April 2016

Resumen:
En este artículo se examinan los años de institucionalización del género testimonio por medio de un análisis de dos de las obras premiadas por Casa de las Américas en su premio literario anual en la categoría ‘testimonio’ entre 1970-1976. El objetivo es abordar la conceptualización estético-política del género testimonio establecida e institucionalizada por medio del premio y asimismo ver cómo se articulan las relaciones entre poética y política en las obras mismas. Partiendo de la hipótesis que las modalidades y el grado de intervención discursiva del escritor-editor condiciona la literariedad de esta categoría de relatos, el análisis en particular abordará la presencia autorial con el fin de aproximarse a las relaciones entre estética y política en el género testimonial.
Palabras clave: Testimonio, Revolución, Casa de las Américas, Género, Política, Poética.
Abstract:
This article examines the years of institutionalization of the testimonial genre through an analysis of two of the winning works of Casa de las América’s annual literary prize in the category ‘testimony’ between 1970-1976. The aim is to  address the political and aesthetic conceptualization of t h e t e s t i m o n i a l g e n r e , e s t a b l i s h e d a n d institutionalized by means of the award. The study also seeks to analyse how the relationship between poetic and politics is articulated in the awardwinning works. Assuming that the modalities and the degree of discursive intervention of the writer-editor conditions the literariness of this category of stories, the analysis in particular addresses the authorial presence in order to approach the tensions between aesthetics and politics in the testimonial genre.
Key words:Testimony, Revolution, Casa de las Américas, Genre, Politics, Poetics
Camino a la paz: repertorios simbólicos testimoniales de una nación en transición
Authors: Sánchez-Blake Elvira , Luna Gómez Yenifer
Published: April 2016

Resumen:En Colombia se han dado en los últimos años una variedad de repertorios simbólicos de memorias del trauma que ha vivido el país como resultado del conflicto armado. Estos repertorios se manifiestan en diversas expresiones culturales y estéticas con el fin de interpelar y transformar las experiencias sufridas por las víctimas de la violencia. Son prácticas de reparación y resistencia como antídoto contra la impunidad y el olvido. En este ensayo se propone que los repertorios simbólicos son las nuevas formas del testimonio del siglo veintiuno. Dichos repertorios se apropian de los métodos y estrategias del testimonio para expresar una urgencia y una solidaridad hacia un objetivo común, la del clamor por la paz y la reconciliación con justicia social.
Palabras clave: Colombia, repertorios simbólicos, performance, testimonio.
Abstract:Colombia has seen in recent years the surge of a variety of symbolic repertoires from traumatic memory experienced by the country as a result of the armed conflict. These repertoires compose diverse aesthetic and cultural expressions that challenge and transform the experiences suffered by the victims of violence. These are practices of reparation and resistance as an antidote against impunity and oblivion. This essay proposes that the symbolic repertories are the new forms of testimony of the twenty-first century. The symbolic repertoires appropriate the methods and strategies of the testimony genre to express an urgent need and a solidarity toward a common goal, the clamor for peace and reconciliation with social justice.
Key words: Colombia, symbolic repertoires, performance, testimony
¿Guerrilla unisex? Ser mujer u hombre en el conflicto guatemalteco a partir de los testimonios de combatientes
Authors: Narváez Nathalie
Published: April 2016

Resumen: A partir de los testimonios de combatientes guatemaltecos: Autobiografía de una guerriglia (Ramirez, 1969), Los días de la selva (Payeras, 1980), Rosa María, una mujer en la guerrilla. Relatos de la insurgencia guatemalteca en los años sesenta (Paiz Cárcamo, 2015), Mujeres en la alborada (Colom, 1998) y Ese obstinado sobrevivir. Autoetnografía de una mujer guatemalteca (Arriola, 2000); el texto analiza los posibles cambios acaecidos en las relaciones de género en la sociedad guatemalteca durante y después de la gesta revolucionaria.
Palabras clave: Género, testimonio, Guatemala y estereotipos.
Abstract: The text analyses the testimonies of Guatemalan combatants : Autobiografía de una guerriglia (Ramirez, 1969), Los días de la selva (Payeras, 1980), Rosa María, una mujer en la guerrilla. Relatos de la insurgencia guatemalteca en los años sesenta (Paiz Cárcamo, 2015), Mujeres en la alborada (Colom, 1998) y Ese obstinado sobrevivir. Autoetnografía de una mujer guatemalteca (Arriola, 2000). Did the ideals of the revolution change anything in gender relations ? What kind of changes, if any, took place during and after the war ?
Key words: Gender, testimony, Guatemala, stereotypes.
Oral History and Memory: A Personal Journey
Authors: Randall Margaret
Published: April 2016

Abstract: Autobiographical essay by Margaret Randall on her experience as a cultural and social activist who focused part of her work in Oral History. “How I got into doing oral history was simple. The way I went about it responded to my lack of formal training—I had no university degree, wasn’t an anthropologist or ethnographer. In line with my innate pragmatism, I wanted to know and so I asked.
Narrativa testimonial y memoria pública en el contexto de la violencia política en Colombia
Authors: Herrera Martha Cecilia , Pertuz Carol
Published: April 2016

Resumen: Los sujetos afectados por el pasado reciente de la violencia política en Colombia han entrado en la agenda del Estado bajo la categoría del sujeto víctima desde la década del 2000 en el marco de nuevas disposiciones de las políticas públicas. El interés del presente artículo se centra en problematizar esta entrada desde los aportes de la narrativa testimonial para tensionar las diferentes expresiones que tienen lugar en la construcción de la memoria pública.
Palabras claves: Narrativa testimonial, Políticas de la memoria, Subjetividades, Colombia.
Abstract: The subjects affected by the recent past of political violence in Colombia have entered the agenda of the State under the category of ‘victim’ since the 2000s under the new provisions of public policy. This article focuses this issue from the contributions of the testimonial narrative to between the different expressions that take place in the construction of public memory.
Key words: Testimonial Narrative, Memory Policies, Subjectivities, Colombia.
PERFORMING MANHOOD: GLAHN AND THE MASCULINITY CRISIS IN HAMSUN'S PAN
Authors: He Chengzhou
Published: April 2016

In Hamsun’s novel Pan, Lieutenant Glahn holds an essentialist notion of masculinity that is somewhat outdated in the context of emerging Norwegian modernity. His acts of violence, which are performative of his male pride, not only bring harm to others, but also become destructive to himself. The masculinity crisis enacted in Pan is put into the context of the social, historical, and cultural changes related to gender and modernity that occurred during the end of the 19th century in Norway and beyond.