bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is the sound environment relevant for how people use common spaces?
Authors: Estévez-Mauriz Laura , Forssén Jens , Dohmen Maud E
Published: August 2018

Rapid and intrusive spatial adjustments in common spaces are increasingly questioned by the awareness of citizens demanding higher quality standards. This study aims to understand the use of common space by identifying how the sound environment affects the functions of space and the interaction with other environmental and spatial variables. Is there a certain sound environment required or that should be avoided when designing a space for a specific activity? In situ evaluations with regular users were collected in nine common spaces in Gothenburg, Sweden, conducting sound recordings and questionnaires. Site selection responded to the purpose of the analysed places, the noise level (LAeq) of the city road traffic noise map, and the number of activities suggested by the city sociotope maps. The analyses revealed that certain activities could be identified from LAeq values. Discriminant functions with respect to sound levels primarily identified a tranquil/restorative vibrant dimension, where the highest noise levels tend to be at the most vibrant end. Other results showed that a considerable variability of overall and visual quality judgements came from the variability in sites. These quality assessments were highly correlated, allowing both to be analysed as a single attribute. The variability in sound quality was much lower. Notable is the difference between recorded and perceived loudness. In addition, poor sound quality judgement does not seem to correlate with the perception of mechanical sources as the main source of noise.
Trauma and Mental Health in Resettled Refugees: Mediating Effect of Host Language Acquisition on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Kartal Dzenana , Alkemade Nathan , Kiropoulos Litza
Published: August 2018

This study examined the relationship between traumatic exposure, host language acquisition and mental health (posttraumatic stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms) in long-term resettled refugees. Participants included a community sample of Bosnian refugees ( N = 138, 55% male, mean age of 40 years old) that had resettled in Australia and Austria on average 18 years prior. Two mediation models were tested based on two competing theories. Model A examined whether language acquisition mediates the relationship between traumatic exposure and mental health problems experienced by refugees. Model B examined whether mental health symptoms mediate the relationship between exposure to traumatic events and the acquisition of host language. Model A fit the data well (CFI = 1.00, SRMR = .017, RMSEA < .001, χ2 p = .526), while Model B was rejected as an acceptable model for the data (CFI = .556, SRMR = .136, RMSEA = .352). In Model A, the indirect pathway from trauma to mental health via language acquisition was significant for PTSD ( β = .067, p = .028) and anxiety symptoms ( β = .063, p = .026) but not depression symptoms ( β = .048, p = .071). Intervention strategies aimed at improving host language acquisition may be important not only in successful adaptation to daily living in the host country, but also to improve the mental health of traumatized refugees.
Previous sexual history evidence
Authors: Thomason Matt James
Published: August 2018

This article challenges the currently accepted wisdom that ‘previous sexual history evidence is never relevant’. It sketches and defends a conception of ‘relevance’, and uses that conception to analyse the plurality of issues to which previous sexual history evidence may theoretically be relevant. It highlights that evidence of the complainant’s prior sexual relationship with the accused (‘relationship evidence’) does not necessarily rely on legally forbidden propensity reasoning to support relevance. The article then examines the current legal framework in England and Wales and argues that the ‘ECHR gloss’, applied in R v A(2), should never have been required, and has been used in situations, such as R v Evans, where it was likely never intended to. In the current drive to reform s. 41, it is submitted that any such reforms must acknowledge the differences between relationship evidence and other sexual history evidence.
Reflexivity in correctional research: Researcher perspectives on parenthood in a study with incarcerated parents
Authors: Rossiter Chris , Power Tamara , Fowler Cathrine , Elliott Koby , Dawson Angela
Published: August 2018

As incarceration rates rise worldwide, increasing numbers of parents are separated from their children. Researchers have studied the psychosocial impact on inmates and their families extensively. However, few researchers have examined how their own perspectives affect the collection and interpretation of data, specifically about parenting in correctional settings. This paper consider methodological implications of conducting research with incarcerated mothers and fathers, employing critical reflexivity to explore researchers’ individual and collective experiences in a study in Australian correctional facilities. Using ourselves as informants, we examine how the context and life experiences of ‘researcher’ and ‘researched’ interact during interviews in a unique and emotionally charged environment. Correctional research requires careful adaptations to collect meaningful data from inmates and recognise their vulnerability as parents. The emotional content of interviews also has implications for analysing and interpreting research data. Our focus on interviewees as mothers and fathers, rather than as offenders, generated greater understanding of the needs of parents in custody. Recognising researchers’ feelings, experiences and perspectives on parenthood can enrich research with families affected by the criminal justice and child protection systems. These insights can also inform the understanding and practice of social workers, health practitioners, educators and students who work with marginalised parents and children.
Long-term disability after stroke in Iran: Evidence from the Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study
Authors: Farzadfard Mohammad Taghi , Sheikh Andalibi Mohammad Sobhan , Thrift Amanda G , Morovatdar Negar , Stranges Saverio , Amiri Amin , Kapral Moira K , Behrouz Reza , Juibary Ali Ghabeli , Mokhber Naghmeh , Azarpazhooh Mahmoud Reza
Published: August 2018

Background

Accurate information about disability rate after stroke remains largely unclear in many countries. Population-based studies are necessary to estimate the rate and determinants of disability after stroke.

Methods

Patients were recruited from the Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study and followed for five years after their index event. Disability was measured using the modified Rankin scale and functional dependency was measured using the Barthel index.

Results

Among 684 patients registered in this study, 624 were first-ever strokes. In total, 69.0% (n = 409) of patients either died or remained disabled at five-year follow-up. Among the first-ever stroke survivors, 18.5% (n = 69) at one year and 15.9% (n = 31) at five years required major assistance in their daily activities. Patients with a history of stroke (before the study period) compared with first-ever strokes were more likely to be disabled at one year (modified Rankin scale>2 in 40.0% vs. 19.1%; P < 0.001). Advanced age, severity of stroke at the time of admission, diabetes mellitus, and educational level (<12 years) were independently associated with greater disability and functional dependency.

Conclusion

We found that significant disability and functional dependency after stroke in Northeast Iran were largely attributable to the effects of stroke severity and prior dependency.
Lectotypification of the name Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae)
Authors: Husain Danish , Agnihotri Priyanka , Srivastava Abhai K. , Singh Harsh , Singh Khuraijam Jibankumar , Katiyar Pushpendra , Husain Tariq
Published: August 2018

We show that the prior designation of two plates from Rheede’s HortusMalabaricus as the type ofDillenia indica does not constitute valid lectotypification. Therefore, one of the two illustrations published by Rheede is designated as the lectotype.
SCImago, Eigenfactor Score, and H5 Index Journal Rank Indicator: A Study of Journals in the area of Construction and Building Technologies
Authors: Ahmad Shakil , Sohail Mohammad , Waris Abu , Elginaid Amir , Mohammed Isam
Published: August 2018

Present work studies the role of bibliometric indicators and scientometric instruments for checking the qualities of journals published in the area of construction and building technology. Journal quality review targeted comparisons between indicators of significance and merit from reputable databases. Likewise, present work stressed on performance of well cited journals and their informational correlations as predicted by selected indicators complex algorithms. Main research objective focused on review of scientific journal quality indices that included: Journal Impact Factor (JIF), Eigenfactor Score (ES), SCImago Journal Rank indicator (SJR) and H5 index. Dependable construction and building technology journals were chosen from their category within Web of Science. JIFs and ESs are obtained from Journal Citation Report and the SJR from the SCImago Journal and country rank website. Sixty one construction and building technology journals were selected for this work and their related data records and information documents retrieved from their primary sites in relating designated quality indicators (JIF, SJR, ES and H5). Correlations between indicators were elucidated by means of Pearson’s and Spearman’s statistical correlations produced by SPSS software. All reclaimed journals are indexed in Web of Science and Scopus citation database.
A step towards designing a Model Academic Search Interface
Authors: Shafiq Huma
Published: August 2018

The study makes an endeavor to assess the search interfaces of leading academic databases, viz Cambridge Journals, JSTOR, Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis, and Wiley Online Library. The purpose of the study is to identify various search features and subsequently determine their relative location, with a view to recommend ideal location of these features based on their utility and users’ ease of mind. Data is harvested by assessing the search interfaces of seven academic databases subscribed by University of Kashmir. The select databases are individually assessed to harvest the required information. The study divulges that uniformity is observed by databases while positioning features like access points, and search box(s). However, no consistent approach is found while positioning other identified features. It is imperative to say that the study is first of its kind where an emphasis is laid on assessing the positioning of search interface features. The study can prove helpful for academic database designers while designing user-friendly academic databases.
A Hybrid Enhanced Independent Component Analysis Approach for Segmentation of Brain Magnetic Resonance Image
Authors: Basheera Shaik , Ram MSatya Sai
Published: August 2018

Medical imaging and analysis plays a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment planning. The anatomical complexity of human brain makes the process of imaging and analyzing very difficult. In spite of huge advancements in medical imaging procedures, accurate segmentation and classification of brain abnormalities remains a challenging and daunting task. This challenge is more visible in the case of brain tumors because of different possible shapes of tumors, locations and image intensities of different types of tumors. In this paper we have presented a method for automated segmentation of brain tumors from magnetic resonance images. An enhanced and modified Gaussian mixture mode model and the independent component analysis segmentation approach has been employed for segmenting brain tumors in magnetic resonance images. The results of segmentation are validated with the help of segmentation evaluation parameters.
Chromatographic determination of bioactive compounds in Hippophae leaf extracts: a comparative study of three varieties.
Authors: Ms Rakhee , Mishra Jigni , Sharma Priyanka , Misra Kshipra
Published: August 2018

Seabuckthorn plants (Hippophae Linn), belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae have shown diverse therapeutic potential and the adaptogenic activity of some of the species have also been established in our previous studies. The present study aims to characterize aqueous and alcoholic leaf extracts of three different varieties of seabuckthorn, namely, Hippophae salicifolia, Hippophae rhamnoides mongolica and Hippophae rhamnoides turkestanica and evaluate their antioxidant potential in vitro. An elaborate characterization of phytochemicals such as volatile organic compounds (VOC) and flavonoids occurring in the concerned extracts has been carried out by GC-MS and HPTLC respectively. GC-MS demonstrated the presence of 35 distinct VOCs in the seabuckthorn leaf extracts which are known to possess substantial pharmacological and antioxidant potential. The most abundant VOCs identified were trimethylsilyl palmitate, methyl octadec-9-enoate, methyl palmitate, methyl stearate and methyl (9E)-9-octadecenoate. HPTLC results revealed variable quantities of quercetin, gallic acid, ascorbic acid and rutin in all the seabuckthorn leaf extracts. HPTLC-centered chemometric analysis using R programming helped to distinguish among the various extracts based on pattern recognition and unsupervised clustering, thus, enabling grouping of the extracts for further studies.
Physiology and Medicine at High Altitude: The Exposure and the Stress
Authors: Gurtoo Anil
Published: August 2018

Increase in altitude causes decrease in atmospheric barometric pressure that results in decrease of inspired
partial pressure of oxygen, a source for stress and pose a challenge to climbers/trekkers or persons posted on
high altitude areas. This review discusses about the high altitude sickness, their incidence rates, pathophysiology
and the classic model of acclimatisation, which explains about how oxygen requirement in extreme environment
is achieved by complex interplay among pulmonary, hematological and cardiovascular processes. The acute
high altitude illness (AHAI) is basically composed of two syndromes: cerebral and pulmonary that can afflict
un-acclimatised climbers/trekkers. The cerebral syndrome includes acute mountain sickness (AMS) and high
altitude cerebral oedema (HACO) and pulmonary syndrome typically refers to high altitude pulmonary oedema
(HAPO). The core physiological purpose, according to the classic model is centered upon the optimisation of
increased delivery of oxygen to the cells through a coherent response involving increased ventilation, cardiac
output and hemoglobin concentration with aim to increase the oxygen flux across the oxygen cascade, which
will help in preventing the development of majority of high altitude illness.
Occupational challenges in extreme environment
Authors: Kohli Ekta
Published: August 2018

Ensuring the nutritional security of combatants guarding the extreme altitudes along the Himalayan frontiers remains a daunting task owing to the harsh cold desert climatic conditions, landlocked terrain and sparse vegetation. These cold arid regions are characterized by rugged topography, extreme temperature variations, low precipitation, high wind velocity, thin atmosphere with high UV-radiation and fragile ecosystem. The Defence Life Science Journal decides to bring out a special issue on the theme ‘Cold Arid Agro-Animal Technologies’ focusing on the significance of agro-animal technologies for nutritional security of the soldiers deployed in inhospitable environments as well as the local population who have been living and thriving in these harsh conditions of high altitude.
Passive Thermal Management of Launch Vehicle Systems using Phase Changing Materials
Authors: Sen Vijay Kumar , Jaiswal Janmejay , Nandi Amarnath , Varkey Aliyas Areeckal , Pillai Aravindakshan
Published: August 2018

Electronic systems in expendable launch vehicles and missiles rely on their own thermal inertia to operate for the stipulated time, without overheating, owing to absence of active cooling systems and natural convection at elevated altitude. Traditionally, this inertia is built-into the electronics by increasing its chassis (support structure) mass, proportional to the associated thermal load. For power intensive systems, especially in vehicle upper stages where mass is at premium, this approach results in reduction in payload capability. In the proposed paper, a Heat Sink based on Neopentyl Glycol (NPG) with solid-to-solid phase change (crystalline transformation) is explored as a mass effective alternative due to the material’s capability to absorb a significant amount of energy during phase change. However, due to its lower thermal conductivity, a Thermal Conductivity Enhancer (TCE) to maximize heat transfer had to be employed. The resulting heat sink, utilizing TCE for heat transfer capability and NPG for heat storage capability is called as Hybrid Heat Sink. A heat sink with plate type fins as TCE is realized and a mass reduction factor of 1.4 is achieved against traditional approach. This is followed by a heat sink with pin type fins as TCE where mass reduction factor is increased to 2.6. Effect of thermal cycling and vibration on its performance is also studied.
Similarity Analysis of Projectile Penetration into Concrete
Authors: Huang Meng , Ou Zhuo-Cheng , Tong Yi , Duan Zhuo-Ping , Huang Feng-Lei
Published: August 2018

This paper presents a dimensionless model for the depth of penetration (DOP) of a projectile penetrating into a concrete target, based on the similarity theory involving intermediate asymptotics, complete similarity, and incomplete similarity. The calculated numerical results are in good agreement with previous experimental data, including two sets of full-scale and twenty-four sets of sub-scale penetration of non-deformable projectiles into concrete targets. Moreover, compared with several empirical and semi-empirical DOP models, the new model is applicable within a relatively broader range, including the penetration of both sub-scale and full-scale projectiles. For the limitations of the validity, dimensionless parameters Π3  = ϕt/ϕ larger than 12, Π4 = (ϕ3fc)/(Mv02) smaller than 0.1, and the initial impact velocity of the projectile less than about 900 to 1000m/s are necessary for the model.
Assessment of Invisible Areas and Military Objects in Mountainous Terrain
Authors: Bayramov Azad Agalar , Hashimov Elshan Giyas
Published: August 2018

During war activities, the evaluation of invisible areas and military armors in mountainous terrain is very important for assessment of operational-tactical situation in battlefield. This information can be used for prevention of an enemy sudden attack. In given paper, the quantitative method of the assessment of invisible areas and military objects in mountainous terrain is developed and offered by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. The probabilities of detection of invisible area or enemy object by using 1 and n UAVs are calculated. Previously obtained data by ArcGIS software (GIS technology) have been used for calculations and evaluations the number of invisible areas and military objects. The analysis of the dependence of effectiveness of revealing and localization areas and military objects on UAV number has been carried out. It was established that for quantitative analysis of invisible areas it is more efficiently to use one UAV, but for detection of armored vehicles and military objects it is more efficiently to use several UAV. Our experiments in mountainous conditions had shown that at flight height 300 m and battle-front 2,5 km putting 3-5 UAVs is real. In this case, all of them perform operational mission and return to base.
Frustum Shaped Conformal Antenna for Spinning Aerial Platform
Authors: Biswas Diptiman , Rizwan Asif
Published: August 2018

A novel approach to design and develop frustum shaped conformal antenna for transmission of telemetry data from a missile like spinning aerial platform is described. The requirement necessitates for an omni directional radiation pattern in the roll plane. However, the criteria is not feasible to achieve by using a monopole or a dipole as the omni coverage due to these antennas are restricted only in yaw or azimuth plane of the aerial platform. A conformal antenna appropriately wrapped on to the surface provides potential solution and accordingly has been configured for meeting the requirements of a practical application. The antenna artwork has been designed to conform to the exterior geometry of the intended portion of conical surface and printed on a microwave substrate which is essentially thin and flexible. A corporate feed distribution scheme has been designed and tailored to match with the impedance of the microstrip radiator at multiple locations and also printed along with it making the frustum antenna very compact and of aerodynamic supportive form. The antenna produces required omni coverage in the plane normal to the roll axis. A step-wise method for the design and development of the frustum conformal antenna through simulation and experiment approach has been discussed.
Implementation of Heat Maps in Geographical Information System – Exploratory Study on Traffic Accident Data
Authors: Netek Rostislav , Pour Tomas , Slezakova Renata
Published: August 2018

In this study, the authors created an overview of the usage of heat maps as a GIS visualization method. In the first part of the paper, a significant number of studies was evaluated, and the technique was thoroughly described to set up a base level for further research. At this moment, the most used input data for heat maps are point data. While these data fit the method very well, also studies based on line and polygon data were found. The second part of the paper is devoted to an exploratory study on traffic accident data of the Olomouc city, Czech Republic. Even spatial distribution of the dataset by geographical information system makes it the perfect example of heat map usage. These data were visualized in multiple ways changing color range, kernel size, radius, and transparency. Two groups of users were created in order to evaluate these heat maps. One group was consisting of those educated or working in cartography. The second one was consisting of the general public. Created heat maps were shown to these volunteers and their task was to decide their preferred solution. Most of the users chose bright colors with a negative feeling, such as red, for traffic accident visualization. The best settings for transparency was identified to be around 50%. The final questions were about map readability based on radius. This setting is tied to map scale but follows a common trend throughout the research. The results of this work are a general set of recommendations and specific evaluation of the exploratory study regarding traffic accidents spatial data. The general recommendations include basic principles of the method, implementation by GIS, suitable data and correct usage of heat maps. The evaluation is answering specific questions regarding heat map settings, style and presentation in the specific case.
Gynecological problems among adolescent girls in a tertiary care centre of South Andaman district
Authors: Pegu Bhabani , Gaur Bhanu Pratap Singh , Yadav Anita , Yadav Vikas
Published: August 2018

Background

Gynecological problems of adolescents occupy a special space in the spectrum of gynecological disorders because they are often different from the conditions that affect adult women. The objective of study was to determine the different gynecological problems in adolescent girls attending outpatient departments.

Methods

Adolescent girls of age 10–19 years were included in this study. Various gynecological problems were evaluated by detailed history taking and thorough clinical examination. Investigations like haemogram, coagulation profile, hormonal assays and ultrasonography were done wherever indicated. Descriptive analysis was done and results are expressed in terms of percentage.

Results

A total of 824 (8.33%) adolescent girls attended the gynecology outdoor patient department (GOPD) during the study period. Menstrual disorders (67.11%) were the commonest complaint, followed by vaginal discharge (18.68%) and UTI (9.8%). Menstrual disorders varied from irregular menstruation (55.15%), dysmenorrhea (30.74%) and amenorrhea (14.10%). Dysfunctional uterine bleeding was the commonest cause of menstrual irregularity followed by polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Teenage pregnancy (0.84%) and ovarian tumor (0.60%) was found in a few cases.

Conclusion

Adolescent girls’ gynecological problems should be evaluated thoroughly and managed accordingly. Adolescent health education needs to increase awareness and give further attention to gynecological problems.
Knowledge of emergency management of avulsed tooth among intern dental students: a questionnaire based study
Authors: Jain Neha , Srilatha Adepu , Doshi Dolar , Nellutla Abhilasha , Alam Khwaja Shoeb
Published: August 2018

Background

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) represent a major public health problem because of their increasing prevalence and psychosocial impact. Avulsion, one of the most complicated TDIs comprising of 1–16% of all injuries. The present study aimed to assess the current knowledge regarding management of avulsed teeth among dental interns in the city of Hyderabad.

Subjects

Dental interns of the Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad.

Method

A validated, self-administered 23-item questionnaire was used to obtain demographic details and data on dental avulsion management. Descriptive analyses were carried out on frequency, and a comparison of knowledge score was carried out using a chi-squared test and an independent t-test.

Results

More than half of the study subjects gave correct responses for most of the items on knowledge regarding avulsion. Around 45.4% of the study populations were categorized with low levels of correct knowledge, with more females (46.6%) having significantly lower levels compared to males (p = 0.03). However, the mean knowledge scores between males (15.5 ± 4.74) and females (16.5 ± 1.68) were comparable (p = 0.15).

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the study, a majority of dental student interns were aware of the basic procedures to be followed in cases of avulsion.
On some varieties of ai-semirings satisfyingxp+1≈x
Authors: Wang Aifa , Shao Yong
Published: August 2018

The aim of this paper is to study the lattice of subvarieties of the ai-semiring variety defined by the additional identities

xp+1≈xandzxyz≈(zxzyz)pzyxz(zxzyz)p,$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle x^{p+1}\approx x\,\,\mbox{and}\,\,zxyz\approx(zxzyz)^{p}zyxz(zxzyz)^{p}, \end{array} $$

wherepis a prime. It is shown that this lattice is a distributive lattice of order 179. Also, each member of this lattice is finitely based and finitely generated.
Kaiserkritik in Konstantinopel. Ein Spottepigramm auf Kaiser Anastasius bei Johannes Lydus und in der Anthologia Palatina
Authors: Begass Christoph
Published: August 2018

In De magistratibus John Lydus refers to an epigram of eight lines insulting emperor Anastasius (491-518) as a money-collecting Charybdis. A similar version of this poem can be found in the Greek Anthology where it is divided into two epigrams of four lines each (AP XI 270 -71). In a first step, a critical edition of the epigram is established. On this basis it becomes clear that the earlier version referred to by Lydus comes close to the original poem. A detailed commentary reveals it as work of an able and witty poet who was familiar with both classical epic poetry and the formulas used in late antique laudatory epigrams. Looking at the historical background of the epigram, the paper highlights the history and varieties of Kaiserkritik in Late Antiquity and Byzantium, while another chapter takes a closer look at the far-reaching reforms undertaken by Anastasius which were heavily criticized by contemporaries. Taking into account the function of the epigram in Lydus’ work, it seems certain that John Lydus himself composed the poem to support his general criticism of the administrative reforms of both Anastasius and Justinian.
Towards the Coptic Church: The Making of the Severan Episcopate
Authors: Booth Phil
Published: August 2018

This article concerns a seminal moment in the history of eastern Christianity: the creation of the Severan episcopate in Egypt (from A.D. 575), and with it the radical bifurcation, for the first time, of the ancient Egyptian church. Updating the classic account of Jean Maspero in the light of more recent publications, it first examines the rapid decline of the Severan episcopate in the period after the Alexandrian patriarch Theodosius’ exile (536), and the intense competition to replace him in the period between his death (566) and the consecration of Peter (575). Exploiting a wide range of evidence related to a new episcopate then created under Peter and his successor Damian, this article then examines the presence of certain Severan bishops in rural monasteries, and the origins of an unprecedented office, the patriarchal vicarate, in the context of the competition created through the creation of a raft of rival sees. Understanding these processes, it is argued, is crucial to appreciating the explosion of evidence which accompanies the patriarchate of Damian.
Die Kirche des hl. Romanos in Konstantinopel und ihr Umfeld
Authors: Effenberger Arne
Published: August 2018

The church of St. Romanus in the neighborhood of the Gate of St. Romanus of the Theodosian Land Walls was erected during the Theodosian era and existed until the late Byzantine period. Because of its crypt,which included a famous collection of relics (prophets and saints) the church was an important destination of the Christian pilgrimage. In the first part of this article I consider the written sources, liturgical data and the topographical situation regarding the church and the neighboring structures. The second part examines the location and the current state of the Gate of St. Romanus. Herein the unjustifiable assertions of M. Philippides and W. K. Hanak against the correct identification of the gate by N. Asutay-Effenberger are refuted. The third part deals with the crypts of the Byzantine churches and suggests that the crypt of the Church of St. Romanus was a substructure, which supported the building. The fourth part focuses on the cult of the two saints Elizabeth the Wonderworker and Thomaïs of Lesbos and considers the history of the women’s convent τὰ Mικρὰ Ῥωμαίου. This monastery near the cistern of Mokios was restored by the empress Theodora Palaiologina between 1282 and 1303 and consecrated to the Saints Cosmas and Damianus. The last section discusses some other churches and private properties in the vicinity of the Church of St. Romanus,which are mentioned in the late Byzantine written sources. They are all situated on the road leading from the gate of St. Romanus into the city. Today, only the Manastır Mescidi stands on this route, but it cannot be identified with any of these churches, which appear in the written sources.
Strength Training Recommendations to Improve Scrum Force and Impulse in Rugby Union Forwards
Authors: Mills Blair S. , McMaster Daniel T. , Smith Brett
Published: August 2018

OPTIMAL SCRUM PERFORMANCE IN RUGBY UNION REQUIRES THE FORWARD PACK TO PRODUCE A LARGE SUSTAINED COORDINATED HORIZONTAL IMPULSE. TRAINING HORIZONTAL IMPULSE AND FORCE FOR SCRUMMAGING IS NOT EASILY SIMULATED WITH TRADITIONAL RESISTANCE TRAINING EXERCISES (E.G., SQUAT, DEADLIFT, AND CLEAN). THEREFORE, IT IS PROPOSED THAT THE INCLUSION OF HEAVY HORIZONTALLY RESISTED EXERCISES (E.G., SLED PUSH AND SCRUM MACHINE) WITHIN A GIVEN TRAINING PHASE BE INCLUDED TO PROVIDE A GREATER TRANSFER OF FORCE TO THE RUGBY SCRUM. THIS ARTICLE (A) PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE PHYSICAL DEMANDS AND BIOMECHANICS OF SCRUMMAGING, AND (B) PROVIDES STRENGTH TRAINING GUIDELINES TO IMPROVE SCRUMMAGING FORCE PRODUCTION.
Contextual-Dependent Attention Effect on Crowded Orientation Signals in Human Visual Cortex
Authors: Chen Nihong , Bao Pinglei , Tjan Bosco S.
Published: August 2018

A target becomes hard to identify with nearby visual stimuli. This phenomenon, known as crowding, places a fundamental limit on conscious perception and object recognition. To understand the neural representation of crowded stimuli, we used fMRI and a forward encoding model to reconstruct the target-specific feature from multivoxel activation patterns evoked by orientation patches. Orientation-selective response profiles were constructed in V1–V4 for a target embedded in different contexts. Subjects of both sexes either directed their attention over all the orientation patches or selectively to the target. In the context with a weak crowding effect, attending to the target enhanced the orientation selectivity of the response profile; such effect increased along the visual pathway. In the context with a strong crowding effect, attending to the target enhanced the orientation selectivity of the response profile in the earlier visual area, but not in V4. The increase and decrease of orientation selectivity along the visual hierarchy demonstrate a contextual-dependent attention effect on crowded orientation signals: in the context with a weak crowding effect, selective attention gradually resolves the target from nearby distractors along the hierarchy; in the context with a strong crowding effect, while selective attention maintains the target feature in the earlier visual area, its effect decreases in the downstream area. Our findings reveal how the human visual system represents the target-specific feature at multiple stages under the limit of attention selection in a cluttered scene.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUsing fMRI and a forward encoding model, we reconstructed orientation-selective response profiles for a target embedded in crowded contexts. In the context with a weak crowding effect, attention gradually resolves the target from nearby distractors along the visual hierarchy. In the context with a strong crowding effect, while the feature of the target is preserved in the early visual cortex, it degrades in the later visual processing stage. The increase and decrease of orientation selectivity along the visual hierarchy reveal how the human visual system strikes to present the target-specific feature under the limit of attention selection in a cluttered scene.
Effects of perioperative tight glycemic control on postoperative outcomes: a meta-analysis
Authors: Kang Zhou-Qing , Huo Jia-Ling , Zhai Xiao-Jie
Published: August 2018

Background

The optimal glycemic target during the perioperative period is still controversial. We aimed to explore the effects of tight glycemic control (TGC) on surgical mortality and morbidity.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL were searched from January 1, 1946 to February 28, 2018. Appropriate trails comparing the postoperative outcomes (mortality, hypoglycemic events, acute kidney injury, etc.) between different levels of TGC and liberal glycemic control were identified. Quality assessments were performed with the Jadad scale combined with the allocation concealment evaluation. Pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% CI were calculated using random effects models. Heterogeneity was detected by the I2 test.

Results

Twenty-six trials involving a total of 9315 patients were included in the final analysis. The overall mortality did not differ between tight and liberal glycemic control (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.78–1.07; I
2 = 20.1%). Among subgroup analyses, obvious decreased risks of mortality were found in the short-term mortality, non-diabetic conditions, cardiac surgery conditions and compared to the very liberal glycemic target. Furthermore, TGC was associated with decreased risks for acute kidney injury, sepsis, surgical site infection, atrial fibrillation and increased risks of hypoglycemia and severe hypoglycemia.

Conclusions

Compared to liberal control, perioperative TGC (the upper level of glucose goal ≤150 mg/dL) was associated with significant reduction of short-term mortality, cardic surgery mortality, non-diabetic patients mortality and some postoperative complications. In spite of increased risks of hypoglycemic events, perioperative TGC will benefits patients when it is done carefully.
Quantification of transformation products of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine in aqueous extracts from soil
based on vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction
Authors: Orazbayeva Dina , Kenessov Bulat , Zhakupbekova Aray
Published: August 2018

Quantification of transformation products of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) in soil requires tedious, time- and labor-consuming sample preparation. The simple and fast method for quantification of transformation products of UDMH in aqueous extracts from soil using vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction (Vac-HSSPME) was optimized in this work. The method is based on extraction of analytes from soil with water followed by Vac-HSSPME of the obtained aqueous extracts, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The target transformation products were: pyrazine, 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole, N-nitrosodimethylamine, N,N-dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-1Н-1,2,4-triazole, 1-methyl-imidazole and 1H-pyrazole. The effect of a sample pH on responses of target analytes was studied. It was negligible, and no pH adjustment was recommended before a subsequent extraction. The water amount was optimized to provide the best combination of analytes responses and their precision. Extraction by adding 7.00 mL of water to 2.0 g of soil ensured linear dependence of responses of the analytes on their concentrations in soil. The optimized method provided detection limits of target analytes in soil in the range from 0.2 to 9 ng/g. The spike recoveries obtained for model samples were in the range 90-103%. The developed method can be recommended for application in laboratories conducting routine analyses of soil samples potentially contaminated by rocket fuel residuals.
A Healthy Life for a Child With Medical Complexity: 10 Domains for Conceptualizing Health
Authors: Barnert Elizabeth S. , Coller Ryan J. , Nelson Bergen B. , Thompson Lindsey R. , Klitzner Thomas S. , Szilagyi Moira , Breck Abigail M. , Chung Paul J.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Defining and measuring health for children with medical complexity (CMC) is poorly understood. We engaged a diverse national sample of stakeholder experts to generate and then synthesize a comprehensive list of health outcomes for CMC.

METHODS:

With national snowball sampling of CMC caregiver, advocate, provider, researcher, and policy or health systems experts, we identified 182 invitees for group concept mapping (GCM), a rigorous mixed-methods approach. Respondents (n = 125) first completed Internet-based idea generation by providing unlimited short, free-text responses to the focus prompt, “A healthy life for a child or youth with medical complexity includes: ___.” The resulting 707 statements were reduced to 77 unique ideas. Participants sorted the ideas into clusters based on conceptual similarity and rated items on perceived importance and measurement feasibility. Responses were analyzed and mapped via GCM software.

RESULTS:

The cluster map best fitting the data had 10 outcome domains: (1) basic needs, (2) inclusive education, (3) child social integration, (4) current child health-related quality of life, (5) long-term child and family self-sufficiency, (6) family social integration, (7) community system supports, (8) health care system supports, (9) a high-quality patient-centered medical home, and (10) family-centered care. Seventeen outcomes representing 8 of the 10 domains were rated as both important and feasible to measure (“go zone”).

CONCLUSIONS:

GCM identified a rich set of CMC outcome domains. Go-zone items provide an opportunity to test and implement measures that align with a broad view of health for CMC and potentially all children.
Escola-de-ferro: um trem (des)governado pelo sentimento
Authors: Da Silva Gomes Rodrigo
Published: August 2018

O presente estudo pretende possibilitar um diálogo entre a poesia de Adélia Prado (1935) e a filosofia de Emmanuel Lévinas (1905 – 1995) com o propósito de permear novas vias para as relações constituídas pelos processos educacionais. Nesse sentido, cabe perceber o quanto das inquietações adelianas diante do cotidiano e de suas relações metafóricas estão expostas, por meio da linguagem e proporcionam novos caminhos capazes de potencializar as aprendizagens entre educadores e educandos e mediarem suas relações pela alteridade. Tal conceito filosófico trabalhado por Lévinas sugere, neste contexto, que as relações intrínsecas aos processos de ensino-aprendizagem componham-se de poesia e filosofia para uma educação baseada no diálogo, na valorização e na ética da responsabilidade com o Outro. Mesmo que a filosofia de Lévinas ou a poesia de Adélia não sejam construções voltadas especificamente para a educação e/ou para uma pedagogia educacional, suas reflexões não excluem as capacidades e interações necessárias para metodologias que concebam instrumentos possíveis para consagrarem as diversidades presentes no cotidiano escolar. Nessa direção, a busca por sentidos que concedam ao acolhimento do Outro no âmbito educacional, reconhecendo e afirmando os sujeitos nas diferenças, tendem ao sentido maior das formas capazes de emergirem em possíveis diretrizes mediadoras entre ensino e aprendizagem, transfigurando-se em um sistema aberto, inconcluso e complexo.
Novas estratégias de ensino da língua inglesa para um aprendizado significativo de crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Garcia de Almeida Guilherme , Barros Lucian Da Silva
Published: August 2018

Devido ao foco excessivo em resultados como boas notas e domínio de uma língua, muitas instituições de ensino tendem a negligenciar todo o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, gerando assim uma padronização de ensino. Essa perspectiva afeta diretamente o trabalho dos professores dentro de sala de aula, pois com a propagação de tal visão, seu objetivo torna-se apenas expor conteúdos, sem haver preocupação com a individualidade e as necessidades de cada aluno. A partir desse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é promover uma reflexão sobre como professores podem construir um processo mais significativo de ensino-aprendizagem da língua inglesa. Para atingir tal meta, três metodologias, baseadas nas ideias de Florinda Marques (2012), foram apresentadas e uma sequência didática foi criada para ilustrar a teoria. Concluiu-se que os professores só serão capazes de ensinar de maneira efetiva caso planejem todas as etapas de suas aulas com bastante cuidado e criatividade, sempre oferecendo aos alunos oportunidades de adotar um papel mais ativo na construção do próprio conhecimento. Além disso, todas as suas atividades e métodos avaliativos devem ser aplicados baseando-se nos conceitos de afetividade, competência comunicativa e habilidades linguísticas.
Restauração Classe II com resina composta: avaliação da técnica de Pollack.
Authors: Signor Laryssa , Dullius Angela Isabel , Biacchi Gislaine Rosa
Published: August 2018

Apesar do notável aumento de restaurações posteriores com resinas compostas nos últimos anos, ainda existem dificuldades quanto à técnica restauradora em se tratando de cavidades com envolvimento da face proximal. Considera-se que a intensidade de luz que atinge os incrementos da resina na face cervical do preparo é menor do que a intensidade próxima à superfície, podendo comprometer  as propriedades mecânicas e o sucesso da restauração. Objetivo: Investigar a resistência compressiva dos incrementos de resina composta de uso direto na profundidade da caixa proximal de restaurações classe II em diferentes extensões ocluso-cervicais utilizando- se a técnica incremental proposta por Pollack (1988). Métodos: Foram obtidos 40 espécimes (blocos) de resina composta, com 2 mm de dimensão ocluso-cervical, confeccionados a partir de restaurações classe II em três molares inferiores de manequim (Prodens) com dimensões de 4 mm vestíbulo-lingual, 2 mm mésio-distal e profundidades ocluso-cervical de 2 mm (G1 e G2), 4 mm (G3) e 6 mm (G4), formando 4 grupos (n=10). Para G1 (grupo controle) foi utilizada a resina autoativada (Alpha Plast) e demais grupos resina fotoativada (Z100, 3M ESPE), todos com espessura de 2mm. Após, os espécimes foram armazenados em soro fisiológico durante 30 dias e, posteriormente,submetidos ao teste de resistência à compressão em máquina universal de ensaios EMIC DL-2000, composta por um dispositivo metálico de base plana de 15mm, com célula de carga de 490N e velocidade de 0,5mm/min, aplicada sobre a face oclusal dos espécimes até a fratura.Os resultados foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA. Resultados: A média dos valores de resistência à fratura (MPa), foram: 52,86; 48,55; 44,89; 42,67 para G1, G2, G3 e G4, respectivamente. Conclusão: Não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) na resistência à compressão entre incrementos de resina composta inseridas na base da face proximal de preparos do tipo classe II em diferentes profundidades utilizando-se o protocolo adotado.
Solução estética após falha de planejamento protético – Relato de Caso.
Authors: Moraes Poliana Rodrigues
Published: August 2018

A manutenção de uma auto imagem positiva tem relação direta a dentição do indivíduo. A utilização de próteses sejam elas parciais ou totais, tem papel fundamental tanto na saúde oral, quanto na saúde sistêmica do paciente. O restabelecimento da função oclusal, a preservação de estruturas orais remanescentes dependem diretamente de um planejamento protético rigoroso. A satisfação do paciente é fator determinante do sucesso ou insucesso de uma reabilitação protética, bem como o restabelecimento do bem-estar físico, mental e social. Paciente sexo feminino, 32 anos, relata insatisfação estética 120 dias após reabilitação estética com prótese parcial removível. A oroscopia observou-se, inclinação para distal dos elementos 12 e 21 bem como excesso de material restaurador. Observou-se ainda lesão séssil de cor avermelhada em gengiva inserida na região do elemento 11 (ausente), bordas delimitadas, apresentando dor provocada ao toque, sem sangramento e de surgimento a aproximadamente 12 meses, sendo anterior a instalação da PPR.  Realizado biópsia excisional, com histopatologia compatível ao granuloma. Tratamento endodôntico do elemento 21. Remoção de carie dos elementos acometidos, inclusive pilar protético. Faceta direta em Resina Fotopolimerizável nos elementos 12 e 21. Recuperação da estética dentaria e saúde dos tecidos de suporte. O objetivo do presente está em destacar aspectos relacionados à falhas de PPR se não corretamente diagnosticadas, avaliadas e prevenidas.
Implantes de altura reduzida devem ser esplintados em região posterior de mandíbula?
Authors: Ferreira Rafael , Michel Raphaella Coelho , Stuani Vitor Toledo , Manfredi Gustavo Gonçalves do Prado , Valle Luísa Andrade , Damante Carla Andreotti , Sant’ana Adriana Campos Passanezi , Zangrando Mariana Schutzer Ragghianti
Published: August 2018

A reabilitação de pacientes parcialmente desdentados é um tratamento viável e com excelente prognóstico. Todavia, a disponibilidade óssea em altura é um fator crucial para o sucesso desse tratamento. O levantamento de seio maxilar, apesar da baixa qualidade óssea da maxila posterior, é considerado um procedimento bastante previsível. Entretanto, técnicas reconstrutivas em mandíbula não possuem a mesma previsibilidade, além de apresentar maior morbidade pós-operatória. Apesar da alta previsibilidade dos implantes com altura reduzida, poucos são os estudos que avaliam a real necessidade da esplintagem do mesmo em mandíbula posterior atrófica. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a necessidade de um implante curto ser esplintado a outro. Após análise criteriosa da literatura concluiu-se que os implantes com altura reduzida unitários apresentam igual previsibilidade em relação ao esplintado. Todavia, a heterogeneidade dos estudos e a falta de ensaios clínicos randomizados justifica a elaboração de novas pesquisas.