bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Scarce Resources and Sensitive Ecosystems: Assessing the Role of CFP in the Development of Portuguese Fisheries
Authors: Monteiro Pedro Valadas
Published: December 2016

The aim of this paper is to assess the main impacts of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in the development of Portuguese fisheries. CFP has introduced a wide range of regulatory instruments, such as the annual total allowable catches (TACs), restrictions on the permissible number of fishing days, fleet reductions and limits on the size and engine power of fishing vessels, alongside with some technical measures to regulate gear usage and where and when fishermen can fish. We analyse the trend evidenced by some of the most relevant structural dimensions of the Portuguese fishing fleet using data surveyed from the Statistics Portugal database for a 21 year period (1994–2014). The results suggest that CFP, namely its conservation measures, has failed so far to achieve its fundamental objective of matching fishing effort and living resources through the coupling of biologic objectives with the ones related to the social and economic aspects of fisheries.
Testing Preorders for dMTS
Authors: Bujtor Ferenc , Sorokin Lev , Vogler Walter
Published: December 2016

Testing preorders on component specifications ensure that replacing a specification by a refined one does not introduce unwanted behavior in an overall system. Considering deadlocks as unwanted, the preorder can be characterized by a failure semantics on Labeled Transition Systems (LTSs). In previous work, we have generalized this to Modal Transition Systems (MTSs) with a new, MTS-specific testing idea. In the present article, we generalize this idea further to DMTS, a subclass of disjunctive MTSs. On the one hand, the testing preorder can be characterized by the same failure semantics, and dMTS have no additional expressivity in our setting. On the other hand, the technical treatment is significantly harder and, surprisingly, the preorder is not compositional.

Furthermore, we regard deadlocks and divergence (infinite unobservable runs) as unwanted and characterize the testing preorder with an unusual failure-divergence semantics. This preorder is already on LTSs strictly coarser—and hence arguably better—than the traditional failure-divergence preorder. It is a precongruence on dMTS, also for hiding, and much easier to handle than the deadlock-based preorder. It arises as well from a new variant of De Nicola’s and Hennessy’s must-testing.
A Study on the Combustion Performance of Diesel Engines with O2 and CO2 Suction
Authors: Tan Qinming , Hu Yihuai , Zhang Xusheng , Zhang Hongsheng
Published: December 2016

Based on the chemical reaction mechanism of fuel combustion, NOx in the diesel emissions is mainly generated from N2 inside the burning environment of engine cylinder. Taking the gas mixture, O2 and CO2, as the intake air, nitrogen-free intake is accessible, and through simulative calculations and experiments, researchers can make a study of the ignition and combustion performances of the engines. Taking a type of “4135ACa” diesel engine as the research object, the study suggested the following: in the environment of O2 and CO2, only when the volume fraction of O2 reaches 45% can the engine be ignited and kept running; engine operation became more steady after its O2 percentage increased to 50%. There is no NOx emission of engine’s nitrogen-free combustion, despite some black particles in the exhaust gas. So, the bottleneck of “NOx-Soot” emission is successfully transformed into how to optimize the combustion performance of engines. Additionally, through simulative calculations, influences of the O2 volume fraction on the nitrogen-free combustion performance have been researched; results suggested that it can help promote the burning efficiency with the increase of O2. When it reached 60%, its heat output in the cylinder has been equal to that under the operation condition of air intake. Therefore, nitrogen-free combustion can be used in some NOx control area, especially to some power plant which worked underwater. The huge gas consumption can be recycled from exhaust gas by closed cycle.
Graphs Generated by Measures
Authors: Assari A. , Rahimi M.
Published: December 2016

In this paper, a graph is assigned to any probability measure on the σ-algebra of Borel sets of a topological space. Using this construction, it is proved that given any number n (finite or infinite) there exists a nonregular graph such that its clique, chromatic, and dominating number equals n.
Solitary Plasmacytoma in the Mandible Resembling an Odontogenic Cyst/Tumor
Authors: Rezaei Fatemeh , Nazari Hesamedin , Izadi Babak
Published: December 2016

A 46-year-old male patient referred to Department of Oral Medicine, with the primary chief complaint of a painless swelling in the right side of mandibular. A panoramic radiograph revealed a well-defined, multilocular radiolucent bony lesion with thin and straight septa in the right side of mandible extending from distal of canine to mesial of third molar. Histological examination showed a solid proliferation of atypical plasmacytoid cells, which was indicative of plasmacytoma. A systemic workup for the final diagnosis was performed to rule out multiple myeloma.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practice of Nurses on Surveillance of Adverse Events following Childhood Immunization in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Masika Calistus Wanjala , Atieli Harrysone , Were Tom
Published: December 2016

Background. Although vaccines currently approved for routine childhood immunization are safe and effective, frequent adverse events following immunization often cause illnesses and sometimes loss of public trust in immunization programs. Nurses are essential in this surveillance system.Objective. To determine nurses’ knowledge, perception, and practice towards surveillance of postimmunization adverse events within Nairobi County health centers, Kenya.Methods. This is a cross-sectional survey involving nursesn=274. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Differences in proportions of categorical variables were compared between groups using chi-square tests. Binary logistic regression model was used to compute independent predictors of outcome.Results. 29.2%, 32.1%, and 45.3% of the respondents had good knowledge, good practices, and good perceptions on AEFI surveillance, respectively. Respondents with diploma or degree nursing training level were 1.8 times and 2.5 times more likely to have good knowledge and good perception in AEFI surveillance, respectively. Nurses with previous AEFI training were 9.7 times and 1.8 times more likely to have good AEFI knowledge and practices, respectively.Conclusion.There is a need to train and mentor nurses on AEFI surveillance. Findings of this study will be valuable in informing policy review on childhood immunization programs.
Assessment of Serum Nitrogen Species and Inflammatory Parameters in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Different Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Niedziela Natalia , Adamczyk-Sowa Monika , Niedziela Jacek T. , Mazur Bogdan , Kluczewska Ewa , Sowa Paweł , Gąsior Mariusz
Published: December 2016

The role of nitric oxide and its reactive derivatives (NOx) is well known in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory disease whileNOxseems to be important in coordinating inflammatory response. The purpose of the present study was to assess serumNOxas one of the nitrogen species and inflammatory parameters in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients and to compare the effectiveness of various types of disease-modifying therapies that reduce nitric oxide and inflammatory biomarkers. ElevatedNOxlevel was observed in patients who received the first-line disease-modifying therapy (interferons beta-1a and beta-1b) in comparison with the subjects treated with the second-line disease-modifying therapy (natalizumab; fingolimod) and healthy controls without significant differences in C-reactive protein and interleukin-1 beta. A negative correlation was observed between serumNOxlevel and the duration of multiple sclerosis confirmed in the whole study population and in subjects treated with the first-line agents. Only serumNOx, concentration could reveal a potential efficacy of disease-modifying therapy with a better reduction inNOxlevel due to the second-line agents of disease-modifying therapy.
In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Natural Pyridoacridines as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Sharma Prabodh Chander , Kumar Vipin
Published: December 2016

Docking studies are proved to be an essential tool that facilitates the structural diversity of natural products to be harnessed in an organized manner. In this study, pyridoacridines containing natural anticancer pigments were subjected to docking studies using Glide (Schrodinger). Investigations were carried out to find out the potential molecular targets for these selected pigments. The docking was carried out on different cancer macromolecules involved in different cell cycle pathways, that is, CDK-2, CDK-6, Bcl-2, VEGFR-2, IGF-1R kinase, and G-Quadruplexes. CDK-6 was found to be the most suitable anticancer target for the pyridoacridines. In addition, effectiveness of the study was further evaluated by performing docking of known inhibitors against their respective selected macromolecules. However, the results are preliminary and experimental evaluation will be carried out in near future.
Dengue Fever-Associated Maculopathy and Panuveitis in Australia
Authors: Ooi K. G.-J. , Inglis H. , Paramanathan N. , Downie J. A. , Hennessy M. P.
Published: December 2016

Purpose. To describe a case of dengue fever-associated maculopathy and panuveitis to raise awareness of these ophthalmic complications of dengue in Australia in the light of recent increasing numbers of outbreaks from equatorial through to tropical Australia. Case Report. A 37-year-old Caucasian Australian male returning from Cambodia presented with a bilateral dengue fever-associated maculopathy with left panuveitis diagnosed clinically and haematologically. Automated perimetry revealed bilateral paracentral scotomas while optical coherence tomography demonstrated the maculopathies to be of the diffuse retinal thickening type in the right eye and acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) type in the left eye. He was treated conservatively with only topical steroids and cycloplegia and made a full clinical visual recovery. Conclusion. Our case study underscores the importance of the awareness of the ophthalmic complications of dengue fever as despite their rarity they can be potentially sight threatening. The incidence of these complications is likely to rise in Australia with increased global warming and the distribution of Aedes aegypti into subtropical Australia.
A Retroperitoneal Isolated Enteric Duplication Cyst Mimicking a Teratoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Momosaka Daichi , Ushijima Yasuhiro , Nishie Akihiro , Asayama Yoshiki , Ishigami Kousei , Takayama Yukihisa , Okamoto Daisuke , Fujita Nobuhiro , Ikeda Tetsuo , Uchida Keiichiro , Sugimoto Masaaki , Kohashi Kenichi , Honda Hiroshi
Published: December 2016

Enteric duplication cysts lacking anatomic association with the gastrointestinal tract are called isolated enteric duplication cysts (IEDCs). We present an atypical case of a retroperitoneal IEDC with a tortuous tubular complex shape that enfolded the surrounding retroperitoneal fat and mimicked a retroperitoneal teratoma. Multiplanar reconstruction images should be used to evaluate such a lesion correctly. A tortuous tubular complex shape could be a key finding to differentiate from other retroperitoneal cysts.
XPS and GDOES Characterization of Porous Coating Enriched with Copper and Calcium Obtained on Tantalum via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Rokosz Krzysztof , Hryniewicz Tadeusz , Chapon Patrick , Raaen Steinar , Ricardo Zschommler Sandim Hugo
Published: December 2016

XPS and GDOES characterizations of porous coatings on tantalum after Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) at 450 V for 3 minutes in electrolyte containing concentrated (85%) phosphoric acid with calcium nitrate and copper (II) nitrate are described. Based on the obtained data, it may be concluded that the PEO coating consists of tantalum (Ta5+), calcium (Ca2+), copper (Cu2+  and Cu+), and phosphates (PO43-). It has to be pointed out that copper and calcium are distributed throughout the volume. The authors also propose a new model of PEO, based on the derivative of GDOES signals with sputtering time.
Thirty Years Later: Evolution of Treatment for Acute Left Main Coronary Artery Occlusion
Authors: Flugelman Moshe Y. , Ben-Dov Nissan , Karkabi Basheer , Jaffe Ronen
Published: December 2016

Acute occlusion of left main coronary artery is a catastrophic event. We describe two patients with acute occlusion of the left main coronary artery treated thirty years apart. The first patient was treated in 1982 and survived the event without revascularization but developed severe heart failure. His survival was so unusual that it merited a case report at that time. The second patient was treated at the end of 2015. Early revascularization resulted in myocardial reperfusion and near normal left ventricular function. These patients exemplify the progress in therapeutic cardiology over the last 30 years.
Speed-Density Model of Interrupted Traffic Flow Based on Coil Data
Authors: Yu Chen , Zhang Jiajie , Yao Dezhong , Zhang Ruiguo , Jin Hai
Published: December 2016

As a fundamental traffic diagram, the speed-density relationship can provide a solid foundation for traffic flow analysis and efficient traffic management. Because of the change in modern travel modes, the dramatic increase in the number of vehicles and traffic density, and the impact of traffic signals and other factors, vehicles change velocity frequently, which means that a speed-density model based on uninterrupted traffic flow is not suitable for interrupted traffic flow. Based on the coil data of urban roads in Wuhan, China, a new method which can accurately describe the speed-density relation of interrupted traffic flow is proposed for speed fluctuation characteristics. The model of upper and lower bounds of critical values obtained by fitting the data of the coils on urban roads can accurately and intuitively describe the state of urban road traffic, and the physical meaning of each parameter plays an important role in the prediction and analysis of such traffic.
The Evolution of Human Basophil Biology from Neglect towards Understanding of Their Immune Functions
Authors: Steiner Markus , Huber Sara , Harrer Andrea , Himly Martin
Published: December 2016

Being discovered long ago basophils have been neglected for more than a century. During the past decade evidence emerged that basophils share features of innate and adaptive immunity. Nowadays, basophils are best known for their striking effector role in the allergic reaction. They hence have been used for establishing new diagnostic tests and therapeutic approaches and for characterizing natural and recombinant allergens as well as hypoallergens, which display lower or diminished IgE-binding activity. However, it was a long way from discovery in 1879 until identification of their function in hypersensitivity reactions, including adverse drug reactions. Starting with a historical background, this review highlights the modern view on basophil biology.
Sizing of the Vacuum Vessel Pressure Suppression System of a Fusion Reactor Based on a Water-Cooled Blanket, for the Purpose of the Preconceptual Design
Authors: Caruso Gianfranco , Giannetti Fabio
Published: December 2016

A methodology to preliminarily evaluate the size of the suppression tank and the relief pipes for a Vacuum Vessel Pressure Suppression System, to be adopted in a fusion reactor based on a water cooled blanket, is presented. The volume of the ST depends on the total energy of the water cooling system and it can be sized based on a required final pressure at equilibrium, by a simple energy balance. The pressure peak in the VV depends mainly on break area and the flow area of the relief pipes and some suggestions about the method for a preliminarily evaluation of their size are discussed. The computer code CONSEN has been used to perform a parametric study and to verify the methodology.
Unusual Presentation of Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Mandible
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Karpagavalli , Subramanian Sathasiva , Vedam Vaishnavi , Kumar Vimal
Published: December 2016

Carcinoma arising primarily from the jaw is a locally aggressive lesion with poor prognosis. Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) lesion develops either de novo remnants of odontogenic epithelium, odontogenic cyst/tumor, epithelium remnants, or/and salivary gland residues. We describe very interesting case of primary intraosseous carcinoma of mandible. This extensive lesion was sent for oncological opinion and further management. Due to the uncertainty of diagnostic criteria of PIOC, only few cases of this lesion with a typical presentation have been reported. This article presents a case of primary intraosseous carcinoma with a unique appearance and detailed review stating its clinicopathological correlation.
Dronedarone Modulates M1 and M3 Muscarinic Receptors with Subtype Selectivity, Functional Selectivity, and Probe Dependence
Authors: Jayasuriya Gihan M. , Elmslie Gwendolynne , Burstein Ethan S. , Ellis John
Published: December 2016

We have previously reported that amiodarone interacts with a novel allosteric site on muscarinic receptors. Amiodarone's most striking effect is to enhance the maximal response elicited by muscarinic agonists at the M1, M3, and M5 receptors. Furthermore, the quaternary analog N-ethylamiodarone (NEA) is inhibitory at these receptors and appears to compete with amiodarone at that allosteric site. In the present studies, we show that dronedarone also modulates Gq-mediated responses at M1 and M3, although in a more discriminating manner. For example, dronedarone markedly enhances pilocarpine-stimulated release of arachidonic acid from CHO cells, via the M3 receptor subtype, but does not affect the acetylcholine-stimulated response. Such probe-dependent effects are diagnostic of an allosteric interaction. In comparison to these effects at M3, dronedarone is strongly inhibitory toward both pilocarpine and acetylcholine at the M1 subtype. The effects of dronedarone are consistent with an interaction at the amiodarone site: dronedarone inhibits the enhancement of acetylcholine's response produced by amiodarone at the M3 subtype; also, NEA reverses the enhancement of pilocarpine's response at M3 produced by either dronedarone or amiodarone. In studies with the M1-selective allosteric agonist 4-[3-(4-butylpiperidin-1-yl)-propyl]-7-fluoro-4H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-3-one (AC-260584), amiodarone enhanced the maximal response observed, whereas dronedarone was inhibitory. On the other hand, benzyl quinolone carboxylic acid, the well-known allosteric ligand that dramatically enhances the potency of acetylcholine at the M1 subtype, had no effect on the response profile of AC-260584. In summary, dronedarone acts at M1 and M3 muscarinic receptors in a manner that complements amiodarone and provides an additional tool with which to investigate this novel allosteric site.
Longer Duration of Sleep and Risk of Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Kim Hong-Bae , Myung Seung-Kwon , Lee Sun-Mi , Park Yon Chul ,   The Korean Meta-Analysis (KORMA) Study Group
Published: December 2016

Background: Previous observational epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings about the association between longer durations of sleep and the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. To investigate the association between longer durations of sleep and the risk of cognitive decline, we performed a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of relevant articles to retrieve additional studies in July 2015. A total of 53,942 participants (mean age 66.9 years) were included in the final analysis. Three evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles, based on pre-determined selection criteria. Results: Among a total of 695 articles, 10 observational epidemiological studies with 3 case-control studies and 7 cohort studies were included in the final analysis. Compared to the average sleep duration, the odds ratio or relative risk of the longest sleep duration was 1.42 (95% CI 1.27-1.59) for cognitive decline in the fixed-effect meta-analysis, 1.38 for cognitive impairment (95% CI 1.23-1.56), and 1.42 for dementia (95% CI 1.15-1.77). Subgroup meta-analyses by various factors such as study design, type of cognitive decline, gender, region, age, and methodological quality of study showed consistent findings. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis found that longer duration of sleep is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline.
Calf Resistivity Values in Chronic Kidney Disease in a Caucasian Population
Authors: Seibert Eric , Müller Stephan G. , Pattmöller Johanna , Kotanko Peter , Zhu Fansan , Levin Nathan W. , Fiedler Roman , Kuhlmann Martin K. , Girndt Matthias
Published: December 2016

Background: Continuous intradialytic calf bioimpedance spectroscopy (cBIS) allows assessment of changes in calf extracellular fluid volume (ECV) to determine dry weight (DW) in hemodialysis patients. During dialysis, calf ECV decreases until excessive ECV has been removed and normalized resistivity ρN,5 rises to values comparable to those of a normal population (cBIS-DW). It is not clear whether chronic kidney disease (CKD) itself influences ρN,5 and whether normal values depend on race and ethnicity. Methods: Therefore, we determined ρN,5 in 2 populations consisting of 35 healthy Caucasians and 37 with CKD in KDIGO stages G2-G4. Calf resistivity was determined using a bioimpedance spectrum analyzer (Xitron Technologies, San Diego, CA, USA) and was normalized for body mass index. Results: ρN,5 was significantly higher in healthy subjects than in CKD patients (males: 18.2 ± 2.2 vs. 15.0 ± 2.8 × 10-2·Ωm3kg-1, p < 0.001; females: 19.7 ± 3.2 vs. 16.4 ± 3.3 × 10-2·Ωm3kg-1, p = 0.009). ρN,5 in Caucasians was significantly lower than in previously examined North American healthy subjects with prevailing African American race or Hispanic ethnicity (males: 18.2 ± 2.2 vs. 20.5 ± 2.0 × 10-2·Ωm3kg-1, p < 0.001; females: 19.7 ± 3.2 vs. 21.7 ± 2.6 × 10-2·Ωm3kg-1, p = 0.026). Conclusion: We present the first determination of ρN,5 values in a Caucasian healthy as well as a non-dialysis dependent CKD population. Both groups differ significantly. Due to higher amounts of extracellular water, subclinical fluid overload already occurs in pre-dialysis stages of CKD. ρN,5 in Caucasians differs significantly from previously established normal ranges in other races/ethnicities. Population-based reference ranges should be established and used in the future to determine DW by means of cBIS.
Indo-Brazilian Late Palaeozoic wildfires: an overview on macroscopic charcoal
Authors: Jasper André , Uhl Dieter , Tewari Rajni , Guerra-Sommer Margot , Spiekermann Rafael , Manfroi Joseline , Osterkamp Isa Carla , Benício José Rafael Wanderley , Bernardes-de-Oliveira Mary Elizabeth Cerruti , Pires Etiene Fabbrin , Rosa Átila Augusto Stock da
Published: December 2016

Sedimentary charcoal is widely accepted as a direct indicator for the occurrence of paleo-wildfires and, in Upper Paleozoic sediments of Euramerica and Cathaysia, reports on such remains are relatively common and (regionally and stratigraphically) more or less homogeneously distributed. On the contrary, just a few reliable records have been published for the Late Paleozoic of Gondwana and only recently it has been demonstrated that macroscopic charcoals (and thus fires) were also common in the southern continent during this period. The most important Gondwanan records are predominantly charred gymnosperm woods mainly related to coal bearing strata. Late Paleozoic macro-charcoal occurs in both, the Damodar Basin (India) and the Paraná Basin (Brazil), demonstrating that paleo-wildfires were spread out in different sequences and distinct stratigraphic intervals during this period in Gondwana. Based on the so far published records as well as new samples from the Seam-VI coalfield, Raniganj Formation (Damodar Basin – Lopingian of India), an overview of the Late Paleozoic Indo‑Brazilian macro-charcoal remains is presented. The hitherto unpublished samples were anatomically analyzed under Scanning Electron Microscope and a gymnosperm affinity could be established. The data presented here reinforce the relevance of paleo-wildfire as a source of environmental disturbance over large areas of Gondwana during the Late Paleozoic.
Is the Equity of Access to Healthcare a European Constitutional Standard? A Comparative Review
Authors: Sześciło Dawid
Published: December 2016

A welfare state crisis resulting from austerity policies creates risks to healthcare systems throughout Europe. It escalates the pressure to reduce State responsibilities and weakens the guarantees of accessibility and quality of health services. One of the most effective barriers to this tendency might be a strong constitutional standard of the right to health. This article reviews the constitutional acts of 28 European Union Member States in order to explore the scope of protection of the right to health, with a special focus on the various aspects of equity of access to healthcare. It also shows the absence of a universal European standard of the constitutional regulation of this matter, and describe major differences relating to formulation, level of protection guaranteed, and the material scope of regulation. In conclusion, a hypothesis is proposed on the potential role of constitutional guarantees in preventing the deterioration of accessibility of health services.
Tense and aspect morphology in the Zhuokeji rGyalrong ver
Authors: Lin You-Jing
Published: December 2016

This paper analyzes primary tense and aspect distinctions in the Zhuokeji rGyalrong verb. The proposed analysis improves upon existing work on the same dialect partly due to its fine-tuned phonological treatment of the relevant verb forms, and partly due to its integration of methodological insights from recent theoretical work on tense and aspect, in particular Östen Dahl's framework as well as Carlota Smith's two-component approach to situational and viewpoint aspects. Zhuokeji is demonstrated to encode a typologically prominent aspectual opposition between Perfective and Imperfective as well as a distinction of absolute tense between Present Imperfective and Past Imperfective, with the Perfective usually carrying past-time reference.
A new species of Abarema (Fabaceae) from Brazil
Authors: GUERRA ETHIÉNE , MORIM MARLI PIRES , IGANCI JOÃO RICARDO VIEIRA
Published: December 2016

A new species of Abarema from Brazil is described and illustrated. The new species is endemic to Morro do Chapéu, Chapada Diamantina, in the state of Bahia. Abarema diamantina shares morphological affinities with A. cochliacarpos by having a capitate raceme, strongly lenticelate branches, and median-basal pleurogram. However, there are remarkable vegetative and reproductive morphological characters which distinguish the two taxa. Here a description of the new species and illustrations are presented; a distribution map, and comments highlighting the differences between the closely related species are discussed.
Pustula junggarensis (Albuginales, Oomycota), a new species of white blister rust on Takhtajaniantha pusilla from Junggar Basin in China
Authors: XU BIAO , SONG JIAGE GE , XI PING GEN , JIANG ZI DE
Published: December 2016

An unknown white blister rust was collected on Takhtajaniantha pusilla (Pall.) Nazarovain (Asteraceae) in the desert regions of Junggar Basin in China. The pathogen is characterized by depressed primary sporangia,subglobose secondary sporangia with annulus, yellowish to dark reddish-brown oospores, (45.4)54.6–65.4(68.5) µm in diameter, with inner walls on average up to 2.7 µm thick and outer wall on average up to 5.2 µm thick, which is obviously larger than in the morphologically similar P. obtusata and P. helianthicola. Phylogenetic analyses based on cox2 mtDNA sequences provided the evidence that this pathogen is separated from other species of Pustula and forms a distinct lineage. Therefore, we consider this pathogen as a new species of Pustula, described here as Pustula junggarensis.
A new genus and species of Atalophlebiinae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Palni hills of the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: SELVAKUMAR C. , SIVARUBAN T. , SUBRAMANIAN K. A. , SIVARAMAKRISHNAN K. G.
Published: December 2016

A new genus and new species of Atalophlebiinae, Klugephlebia kodai Selvakumar, Subramanian & Sivaramakrishnan, are described based on male and female imagos and larvae from Palni hills of the southern Western Ghats of India. The imago of Klugephlebia gen. n. can be differentiated from all other genera of Atalophlebiinae by having the combination of vein MP forked slightly less than half of the distance from base to margin, MP2 attached at base to vein MP1 by a crossvein, a distinctive shape of the hindwing, dissimilar claws on each leg, and distinctive genitalia structures. The larva can be distinguished from other Atalophlebiinae larvae by having the combination of gills present on abdominal segments 1–7, dorsal and ventral portions of lamellae of gills 1 slender and lanceolate with branched tracheae, dorsal and ventral portions of lamellae of gills 2–7 wider & lanceolate and long & suddenly tapering at apex, fore and mid femora with regular rows of long thin setae on outer margins, denticles on claws progressively larger apically, a distinctive labrum, the maxillary palp short with long setae on third segment, and the third segment of the labial palp with distinct setation. The larvae cling to the underside of boulders in the middle of streams where the boulders lie amidst sand and silt. Updated keys to the genera of south Indian Leptophlebiidae are provided.
Thermocultures of Geological Media
Authors: Starosielski Nicole
Published: December 2016

This article documents how thermal manipulation is critical to the transformation of the earth’s raw materials into media and to maintaining those materials as media. Through an examination of thermal practices, including mineral extraction, the use of air-conditioning in media manufacturing and preservation, and thermal infrared imaging, thermal control is shown to be essential to the conversion of geological matter into circulations of media on a mass scale. In each of these cases, cultural assumptions and imperatives—the drive toward purity, the development of standardization, and the demand for homogeneity across elements and media objects—organize temperature management. The thermocultures of media inflect its composition, movements, and temporalities and embed it within existing regimes of capitalism, gender, race, and sexuality. The study of thermocultures offers an alternative to traditional infrastructural and geological analyses, one oriented less toward the excavation of elements from deep time and the depths of the earth and more toward the conditions in which geologic matter’s potentials are actualized as media. It also opens up a new set of genealogies for investigation, including the historical role of thermal management in the differentiation of gendered bodies.
MEASURES FOR CONSERVATION OF SUSTAINABLE FOREST of the RIGHT BANK OF VOLGA
Authors: Сабиров  , Sabirov Ayrat , Ульданова  , Uldanova Railya
Published: December 2016

Forest ecosystems of the right bank of Volga. The increase of human activities. The decline of forest ecosystem stability. Typological diversity of the forests of the coastal zone and coastal areas. A complex of environmental protection measures to preserve the diversity and stability of vegetation: cutting of plantings, the regulation of recreational power on the coastal forests, protection of forests against diseases, pests, silvicultural and fire work. Improvement of coastal areas. The drought of the summer of 2010 and withering of birch stands, infection of oak forests by entomologic insects. Projected forest plantations of the Volga region, depending on soil conditions. Deforestation of steep slopes, gullies and ravines systems. Mixed and complex forest stands are effective. The bushy plants improves the soil protection role of forest communities. Conservation of trustworthy undergrowth of oak, linden, pine, larch, birch. Phytocenosis of Siberian larch on brown forest soil. Preparation of soil for planting. Meadow-improving development of erosion lands, hydraulic engineering measures. The type of forest conditions in the study area - fresh oak forest (D2), at least - moist complex subor (C3). Data of ground survey of areas and satellite images. Databases of abundance and distribution of flora, fauna, and information technology.
CALCULATION OF HEAT BALANCE AND JUSTIFICATION THE PARAMETERS OF SMALL-SIZED BIOGAS PLANT WITH MESOPHILIC FERMENTATION SUBSTRATE
Authors: Рудаков  , Rudakov Aleksandr , Кашапов  , Kashapov Ilnaz , Гайфуллин  , Gayfullin Ilnur , Зиганшин  , Ziganshin Bulat
Published: December 2016

Over-exploitation of fossil resources of nature and increasing pollution have created the problem of finding alternative energy technologies, the invention of new equipments, based on highly efficient thermodynamic cycles, the use of new types of combustible material, i.e. the creation of environment-friendly energy systems, that will satisfy manufacturers and consumers’ demands, while minimizing the costs of material resources. Nowadays, there are well known mineral resources (coal, oil, natural gas, etc.), which are used universally. However, Russia has a huge potential for the application of non-traditional (alternative) energy sources on the basis of bio-waste usage. For example, in the construction of livestock farms, despite of their high equipment of mechanization and automation means, the questions of manure utilization remain unresolved. It should be noted that, a huge problem of recycling and rational application of liquid manure mass was formed. The cheap fuel production from agricultural waste for heating, electricity production and reception of high-quality organic fertilizers are the solution to the problem of utilization of large masses of liquid manure, ensuring protection of the environment from agricultural waste pollution. This article discusses the design and calculation of heat balance of compact biogas plant. The results of experimental studies of small-sized biogas plant at mesophilic and thermophilic fermentation time are also shown.
UPGRADE OF MANAGEMENT OF STIMULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTITIES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Каримов  , Karimov Tagir
Published: December 2016

Many entities of agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation began to feel the considerable difficulties, which changed parameters of functioning of their internal processes in circumstances of the global financial crisis. To overcoming the developed negative situation many entities began actively to apply the upgrade institute from a production component up to personnel management. In order to improve the effectiveness of this institution in the personnel management and implementation of innovative projects in the agro-industrial enterprises, the author developed a scheme of management process organization of its innovation activities with elements of neural network modeling and the system of key performance indicators. The approbation of results of a research was carried out at two agro-industrial entities of the Republic of Tatarstan - JSC “Krasnyy Vostok Agro” and CJSC “Agrosila Group” on the proceedings, collected from 2013 to 2015. During the of approbation of the developed scheme such methods were used: analytical, graphical, expert, economic and mathematical, logical and system approach. Fundamental difference of the developed scheme from the existing analogs is reached for the account of: implementation of accounting of functioning specifics of the agro-industrial entities, as subjects of the market; use of the advanced tools - management by means of system of key performance indicators; researches of actions for management of innovative activities stimulation within the final number of the integrated blocks (economic, legal, information, organizational and technological); use of multiple orientation, which quantitative estimates are received on the basis of a neural network algorithm; orientations to the multi scenario approach, created from dual system of options on each of five developed blocks of actions with a possibility of their combination; availability of a complex feedback mechanism between all blocks of the developed scheme of the organization. Thus offered scheme can be successfully applied in the course of upgrade of management of stimulation of innovative activities of the agro-industrial entities on terms of preliminary handling of the available data on implementable innovative projects.
MODERN TRENDS OF AGRARIAN SECTOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Шагивалиев  , Shagivaliev Lenar
Published: December 2016

For 2005-2014 years, the decline of all indicators are observed, including a reduction in the number of workers, employed in agricultural production, is 51.9%. An analysis of main result indicators of the sub-sectors of agriculture – crops and livestock carried out. The average grain productivity for the study period declined to 18.5%. In animal husbandry the productivity of cows in 2005-2014 increased to 40.2%, an index of offspring improved, which reflects the possibility of increasing the cattle population in the future. The article discusses the main problems, hindering the further development of agriculture. It is necessary to develop the State program “Development of agriculture and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food in the Republic of Tatarstan for 2013-2020”. Taking into account current situation in the agricultural sector, the major priorities of its development in different spheres are given.
Opacity, Credit Rating Shopping, and Bias
Authors: Sangiorgi Francesco , Spatt Chester
Published: December 2016

We develop a rational expectations model in which an issuer purchases credit ratings sequentially, deciding which to disclose to investors. Opacity about contacts between the issuer and rating agencies induces potential asymmetric information about which ratings the issuer obtained. While the equilibrium forces disclosure of ratings when the market knows these have been generated, endogenous uncertainty about whether there are undisclosed ratings can arise and lead to selective disclosure and rating bias. Although investors account for this bias in pricing, selective disclosure makes ratings noisier signals of project value, leading to inefficient investment decisions. Our paper suggests that regulatory disclosure requirements are welfare enhancing.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Team Familiarity and Productivity in Cardiac Surgery Operations: The Effect of Dispersion, Bottlenecks, and Task Complexity
Authors: Avgerinos Emmanouil , Gokpinar Bilal
Published: December 2016

Fluid teams are commonly used by a variety of organizations to perform similar and repetitive yet highly critical and knowledge-intensive tasks. Such teams operate for a limited time, after which they dissolve and some of their members may work together again as part of another team. Using a granular data set of 6,206 cardiac surgeries from a private hospital in Europe over seven years, our study offers a new and detailed account of how team familiarity (i.e., shared work experience) influences team productivity. We highlight the role of nuanced team composition dynamics beyond average team familiarity. We observe that teams with high dispersion of pairwise familiarity exhibit lower team productivity, and the existence of a “bottleneck-pair” may significantly hinder overall knowledge transfer capability, thus, productivity of fluid teams. In addition, we find that the higher the percentage of familiarity gained from complex tasks, the higher the productivity of the team. Finally, our results suggest that the positive effect of average team familiarity on productivity is enhanced when performing more complicated tasks. Our study provides new operational insights to improve productivity of fluid teams with better team composition strategies.
What next for continuing professional development?
Authors: McIntosh Bryan , Hart Andrew
Published: December 2016

Bryan McIntosh and Andrew Hart consider how cuts in Government funding will affect continuing professional development and mentorship training for NHS staff
Psychological gaps in cancer care: Implications for service users and providers
Authors: Hussain Feryad A , Kingsley Marc , Phil-Eboise Justin
Published: December 2016

Recent research has highlighted the significance of the role of psychological interventions in cancer care services (CCS). Government health policies and cancer organisations have laid out a detailed schedule of targets and initiatives to develop the role of specialist psychological services. While the research demonstrates the effectiveness of psychological interventions for both service providers and service users, their presence remains nominal. Instead, most CCS rely on professions allied to medicine and nursing staff to fulfil this role, at the expense of and/or in addition to their own specialist skills. This article offers a brief overview of current research as well as clinical reflections on the case for specialist psychological services in cancer. It also highlights the practical implications of ignoring this ‘psychological gap’ on the patient journey, service providers and highlights the impact on local finances and the wider economy
Pornography and young people: A reality check
Authors: Hallgarten Lisa
Published: December 2016

A pragmatic approach to pornography can help to prepare children and young people for better relationships, says the Sex Education Forum's Lisa Hallgarten. She reassures professionals delivering PSHE and signposts to some useful resources.
Working together to improve health promotion interventions: Oral health
Authors: Butler Ruth
Published: December 2016

Evaluating and sharing public health interventions within the school nursing community is essential in a time in which the service faces many challenges, to help improve the quality and efficiency of health promotion. Ruth Butler explains how her team developed and evaluated an oral health promotion initiative.
Establishing a nurse practitioner model to enhance continuity between palliative care settings
Authors: O'Connor Margaret , Palfreyman Stacey , Le Brian , Lau Rosalind
Published: December 2016

Background:

Nurse practitioners (NP) are relatively new in Australia with national registration achieved in 2010. Most NP-related literature is about establishing models and scope of practice. This paper reports on the establishment and 12–month evaluation of an NP model of care, between inpatient and community palliative care services, developed to coordinate client care between hospital and home.

Aim:

To enhance patient outcomes, in hospital or home; to enhance professional relationships between services and facilitate effective discharges and admissions between services.

Design and setting:

Both services worked together to develop an evaluation framework, based on agreed key performance indicators.

Results:

The NP model contributed to earlier discharges from hospital and fewer hospital admissions for those being cared for at home. There are developing opportunities to strengthen professional relationships through clinical and educational collaboration.

Conclusion:

The model has benefited both patient care and clinical cooperation between services.
Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente: Perceções dos Professores em Diferentes Períodos ao Longo da Vida
Authors: Pires Rui , Alves Mariana Gaio , Gonçalves Teresa N. R.
Published: December 2016

Partindo do pressuposto amplamente consensual na contemporaneidade de que o desenvolvimento profissional é um processo de aprendizagem ao longo da vida, este artigo sintetiza os resultados de uma pesquisa doutoral cujo principalobjetivo é caracterizar as perceções dos docentes do ensino não-superior sobre os seus próprios processos de desenvolvimento profissional. No plano conceptual, argumenta-se que o desenvolvimento profissional docente engloba aprendizagens formais e informais existentes em diferentes períodos ao longo da vida. O estudo empírico enquadra-se numa metodologia qualitativa, tendo os dados sido recolhidos através de Focus Groups em que participaram docentes dos vários níveis de escolaridade, desde o pré-escolar ao secundário, que se encontravam em distintos períodos do ciclo de vida profissional. Os resultados alcançados permitem evidenciar algumas diferenças entre as perceções dos docentes, consoante quer o período da vida profissional em que se encontram, quer os níveis de escolaridade em que os docentes lecionam.
A Indelével Relação entre Trabalho e Formação: O Caso do Centro de Formação de uma Grande Empresa
Authors: Rodrigues Sandra Pratas , Alves Natália
Published: December 2016

Este artigo reporta-se a uma investigação empírica centrada nas práticas formativas de uma estrutura de formação profissional contínua de uma grande empresa do sector automóvel, com o objetivo de analisar as finalidades e os objetivos de uma formação que é concebida e desenvolvida numa articulaçãoestreita com o exercício do trabalho e os saberes profissionais. Para a prossecução deste objetivo, a opção metodológica recaiu sobre método do estudo de caso intrínseco, tendo sido mobilizado um leque diversificado de técnicas de recolha de dados de natureza qualitativa. A análise dos dados recolhidospermite-nos verificar que existe uma relação fusional entre o trabalho e a formação. Esta relação fusional está patente na dependência orgânica do centro de formação do departamento de produção, nas finalidades e objetivos da formação, na conversão dos referenciais de práticas em referenciais daformação e na subordinação da formação às necessidades e aos ritmos do sistema produtivo.
Criticisms for opressive managerial practices on individual and society in the works of Necdet Şen
Necdet Şen’in eserlerinde bireyi ve toplumu baskı altına alan yönetimsel uygulamalara yönelik eleştiriler
Authors: Keskin Uğur
Published: December 2016

Although comic strip artist Necdet Şen has not primarily established a direct relationship with management sciences, he mentioned about this issue in many of his works. Necdet Şen, in his works, criticized the practices which lead to oppression and tutelage over individuals and society. As an individual in the society, Necdet Şen intuitively perceived the oppression on individuals caused by other individuals or institutions and dealt with them in his works. This study examines and explains these works written or drawn based on this intuitive approach and presents the managerial practices causing oppression and tutelage on individuals as well as on society. ÖzetÇizgi roman sanatçısı Necdet Şen, birincil amaç olarak yönetim bilimleri alanı ile doğrudan ilişki gözetmemiş olmasına rağmen bu alana ilişkin konulara birçok eserlerinde yer vermiştir. Necdet Şen, hem bireyi hem de toplumu baskı ve vesayet altına alan uygulamaları, kaleme aldığı eserleriyle eleştirmiştir. Toplumun bir bireyi olarak Necdet Şen, kişi veya kurumlar aracılığıyla oluşturularak bireye yönelen baskıyı, sezgisel olarak algılamış ve eserlerine konu etmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Necdet Şen’in söz konusu sezgisel yaklaşımı doğrultusunda yazdığı ve çizdiği eserler üzerinde yapılan incelemeyle, bireyi baskı altına alan yönetimsel uygulamalar ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, bireye tekil olarak yönelen baskının/vesayetin yanı sıra toplumun geneli üzerinde oluşturulan baskı ve vesayet de ele alınarak açıklanmıştır.
Preliminary Property Design for Ionic Solids and Liquids
Authors: Glasser Leslie
Published: December 2016

In a recent Editorial in