bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Site-Specific Online Fertilizer Recommendations in Small Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton through CardSApp offers fertilizer savings and higher economic returns
Authors: Manoj Oommen , John Jo Varghese , Amith Mohan E , Anuja V R , Hareesh M , Suparna A , Thulasimani P , Pradeep B , Radhakrishnan T , Jessy M D , Rema Shree AB
Published: December 2024

The cultivation of small cardamom in the Indian Cardamom Hill (ICH) region of the Western Ghats, southern India, has become highly intensive, with heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides. The cultivation of small cardamom in the Indian Cardamom Hill (ICH) region of the Western Ghats, Southern India, has become highly intensive, with heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides. The ICH region is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots. Numerous studies have reported that the excessive use of chemical fertilizers has caused soil acidification (lowering of pH) and nutrient imbalances. This has resulted in unsustainable production of cardamom, a high-value spice crop that contributes significantly to India's export earnings. This study aimed to conduct a geo-tagged soil fertility survey in selected cardamom-growing areas within the ICH, assess soil fertility and provide sitespecific fertilizer recommendations to farmers via a mobile- or web-based application. A digital application, CardSApp, designed for the small cardamom sector, offers tailored fertilizer recommendations based on local soil and crop requirements. A representative geo-tagged soil survey was conducted in Udumbanchola taluk, located in Idukki district of Kerala, within the ICH. The surveyed area spanned from 76°59'01.19'' to 77°16'11.55'' East longitude and 9° 38'21.54'' to 10°04'46.60'' North latitude. Spatial interpolation techniques were used to generate maps showing the distribution of primary, secondary and micronutrients in the soil. The study revealed a high availability of NPK nutrients in cardamom soils. The study also revealed deficiencies in secondary nutrients like magnesium and sulfur, as well as micronutrients such as boron. Most of the soils showed signs of acidification. These findings highlight opportunities to optimize fertilizer usage and improve soil health. Specifically, NPK usage can be reduced or phosphatic fertilizers omitted in 58% of the area, potentially savings of ?12.27 crores annually in the surveyed taluk alone. Additionally, addressing deficiencies in secondary and micronutrients can further enhance soil health and crop productivity. To aid farmers in decision-making, the Android- and web-based application CardSApp leverages interpolated soil fertility data. CardSApp offers site-specific recommendations tailored to the soil nutrient profiles identified in the survey. CardSApp enables farmers to optimize fertilizer use, correct nutrient imbalances and apply amendments for pH correction. These practices can improve both farm productivity and income. The adoption of this online fertilizer recommendation system by farmers in the ICH is expected to rationalize fertilizer usage in cardamom cultivation, improve both soil and plant health and support sustainable production with higher economic returns.
Evaluating the impact of firm size, firm age, international opportunity recognition, and business network on internationalisation performance
Authors: Platin Nida , Ataman Göksel
Published: December 2024

This study examines the cumulative impact of firm size, firm age, business network participation, and international opportunity recognition on the internationalisation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study population consists of 160 SMEs in the Kayseri, Inegöl, and Istanbul Organized Furniture Industry area, specifically focusing on those involved in business networks. The data was collected through a survey methodology, and the research objective was assessed using a quantitative approach in SPSS 21. The study aims to examine the gradual impact of variables on internationalisation performance. The stepwise regression in the analysis underscores the crucial impact of firm size and various aspects of international opportunity recognition on internationalisation performance. Notably, the business network's structure positively influences performance, providing optimism for firms seeking to enhance their internationalisation efforts. However, the strength of the tie subdimension of the business network does not impact performance significantly. These findings offer valuable insights for firms aiming to improve their internationalisation efforts.
Pozitif psikolojik sermayenin örgütsel özdeşleşme üzerindeki etkisinde etik iklimin aracı rolü
Authors: Kuru Çiğdem , Bayraktar Osman
Published: December 2024

The study examined the mediating role of ethical climate perceptions in the relationship between positive psychological capital and organizational identification perceptions of service sector employees in Istanbul. In this context, data were collected from 518 service sector employees through a questionnaire. "SPSS AMOS 24 was employed for confirmatory factor analysis, while Process Macro was utilized for regression and mediation analyses." As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a significant and positive relationship between positive psychological capital, organizational identification and ethical climate. In addition, it was found that ethical climate partially mediates the effect of positive psychological capital perception on organizational identification.
Examining the relationship between levels of susceptibility to the teamwork of people working in disasters and their trust in their colleagues
Authors: Bilen Gül
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationship between the level of susceptibility to the teamwork of people working in disasters and their trust in their colleagues. The research sample comprises 218 AFAD volunteers in the Aksaray Provincial Disaster and Emergency Directorate. Online surveys were applied to the participants. According to the findings obtained from the research, the following results were reached: It was seen that the participants' level of susceptibility to teamwork was at a medium level. It was determined that the dimensions of education and guidance and problem diagnosis and analysis, which are sub-dimensions of the susceptibility to teamwork variable, were at the highest level among the dimensions. It was concluded that the high internal motivation dimension was at the lowest level.  It was determined that the participants' level of trust in their colleagues was quite high. In addition, the susceptibility to teamwork of people involved in disasters significantly impacted trust in colleagues. Significant relationships were found between teamwork disposition and sub-dimensions such as trust, problem diagnosis and analysis, responsibility (initiative, willingness), training and guidance, cooperation and teamwork and leadership, persuasion, determination and trust in colleagues. No significant relationship was found between a high internal motivation dimension and colleague trust, a sub-dimension of teamwork susceptibility. Within the scope of this research, studies in the literature related to the concepts of teamwork susceptibility and trust in colleagues were first examined. In light of the information obtained, it was aimed to contribute to the literature by creating applied research.
Examination of E-Learning Readiness Levels of University Students for Theoretical and Practical Courses
Authors: Mamak Hüdaverdi , Temel Ahmet
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted to examine the e-learning readiness levels of university students who were subjected to distance education during the Covid-19 pandemic process regarding the theoretical and applied courses. The sample of the study consisted of 65 sports sciences faculty students studying in the spring semester of the 2020-2021 academic year. In the experimental study, students who took applied “athletics” and theoretical “sports sociology” courses formed the experimental group. The “Readiness for E-learning self-assessment scale” was used as data collection tool. Frequency, t tests, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to analyze the data. According to the research findings, a positive increase was seen in the attitudes of university students with technology access, online relationships, online skills, technical skills, motivation, and the importance of success. The attitudes of the students who studied the theoretical “sociology of sports” course were high compared to those who took a meaningfully practical “athletics” course. As a result of the research; it was understood that attitudes towards distance education increased, there was no difference according to gender and it was more effective in theoretical course contents. In line with these results, it can be suggested that theoretical courses can be taught via distance education.
The Relationship Between Selected Physical and Motor Characteristics with Dribble-Shooting Performance of 9-10 Years Old Female Basketball Players
Authors: Güner Gürol , Pehlivan Yeliz , Tutar Murat
Published: December 2024

Basketball is a sport that combines physical abilities and technical skills. Dribble-shooting is one of the basic skills of this sport, and it is important to have certain physical and motor characteristics to perform it successfully. The physical development of 9-10-years-old female basketball players continues rapidly, and physical fitness levels may vary during this period. This study investigated the relationship between selected physical and motoric characteristics of 9-10-years-old female basketball players and their performance in dribble-shooting. Forty female basketball players with a mean age of 9.50±0.51 years participated in the study. After physical measurements, balance, flexibility, speed, hand grip, agility, jumping, ball throwing, and dribble-shooting performance tests were performed. No statistically significant correlation was found between the physical and performance parameters of the participants and dribble-shooting values. No correlation was found between selected physical and motor characteristics such as age, height, body weight, flexibility, jumping, hand grip, ball throwing, agility, 20-meter sprint, balance, and arm length, with the dribble-shooting performance of 9-year-old female basketball players.
An examination of the relationship between aggression and anger levels and psychological performance of students at a Faculty of Sports Sciences
Authors: Havadar Tarkan , Kalkavan Arslan , Ozlu Metin
Published: December 2024

Background and purpose: This study aims to examine the relationship between aggression and anger levels and the psychological performance of students studying at the Faculty of Sports Sciences, ensuring the development and control of the emotional differences in aggression and anger of university students while doing sports. Methods: The sample of the research consists of a sufficient number of students from Kafkas University Sarıkamış Faculty of Sports Sciences who were selected using the random sampling method and calculated according to statistical techniques during the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 473 students, female (n= 194) and male (n= 279), studying at Kafkas University Sarıkamış Faculty of Sports Sciences, participated in the study. Results: The results of the research show the variables of gender, age, year, department, and sports branch variables of sports sciences students. When examined according to the gender variable, it was found that the rate of female participants was 41.0% and the rate of male participants was 59.0%. When the age variable was examined, it was found that the largest age group was the participants between the ages of 21-23 (56.7%), while the participants aged 27 and over constituted the smallest group (2.7%).When the year variable was examined, it was found that the majority of the participants were in the 4th year (40.6%). According to the department variable, it was found that the number of students participating was higher in sports management (evening education) (11.8%). The highest participation was in the field of Sports Management (Regular Education) with 46.3%. When the sports variable was examined, it was determined that participants do individual sports (50.1%) and team sports (49.9%). Conclusion: This study aimed to understand the potential relationship between aggression and anger levels and the psychological performance of Faculty of Sports Sciences students. Results show that there are emotional and psychological differences between gender groups, age groups, grade levels, and department variables. It is noteworthy that gender-based emotional differences emerge, especially in the anger sub-dimension, and that different levels of emotional characteristics were determined between age groups in terms of aggression, motivation, and self-confidence.
The Relationship Between Upper Extremity Anthropometric Measurements and Bioimpedance Analysis With Grip Strength in Female Elite Handball Players
Authors: Kamaşak Arpaçay Burcu , Uğuz Emre , Bayramoğlu Demirdöğen Esra , Yılmaz Ekrem , Ulcay Tufan , Gorgulu Ozkan , Kara Ersan
Published: December 2024

Handball players need to have upper extremity power and sufficient grip strength to be successful. In this context, it was aimed to determine the relationship between upper extremity anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis with grip strength in elite handball players. The study was conducted on 95 female elite handball players aged 18-24. Athletes with any trauma, musculoskeletal system problems, metabolic or systemic diseases that could affect the upper extremity were not included in the study. Stadiometer, electronic scale, digital caliper, inflexible tape measure, hand dynamometer, pinchmeter and skinfold caliper were used for anthropometric measurements, while Tanita MC-780 was used for bioelectrical impedance analysis. Upper extremity length, arm circumference, arm span, forearm length, forearm circumference, hand length, hand width, hand span, wrist medio-lateral diameter, wrist dorso-volar diameter, wrist circumference, tip pinch, key pinch, palmar pinch were found to be statistically significantly positively correlated with grip strength. A positive significant correlation was identified between grip strength and weight, body mass index, basal metabolic rate, waist/hip ratio from bioelectrical impedance analysis. The positive correlation between grip strength and athletes' anthropometric variables demonstrated the effect of hand anthropometry on grip strength in athletes who use their hands to grip a ball or an opponent. The results of this study can be useful for optimizing training programs as well as providing practical applications for talent selection of handball players.
Adaptation Of The Exercise Maintenance Motivation Scale To Turkish Culture
Authors: Öztaş Mehmet , Kilci Abdullah , Erdoğan Ali , Şirin Erkan Faruk
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to adapt the Exercise Maintenance Motivation Scale developed by Nam et al. (2023) to Turkish culture. The scale was translated into Turkish with a team of six experts using the back-translation method. The study data were collected from 326 members of the Healthy Living Application and Research Center between the ages of 18 and 60 who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to prove the validity of the scale structure previously developed by Nam et al. (2023) for Turkish culture, and test-retest and internal consistency analyses were used for reliability. SPSS Amos package software was used for CFA. CFA validated the 30-item and 5-factor structure of the scale. Reliability analysis findings revealed that internal consistency and test-retest values were within the expected range. As a result, it was determined that the scale, adapted into Turkish with this study, is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to measure the motivation to maintain exercise among the members of healthy living application and research centers in Turkey.
Traces of Aydın Boysan s Architectural Practice in an Industrial City: The Case of Kocaeli
Authors: Müştak Sevindik Senem , Şenyurt Oya
Published: December 2024

Industrial areas within a city are one of the important components of urban memory, shedding light on the economic and social life, architectural design and building technologies of their era. However, modern research by architects on the industrialization process of Kocaeli, one of the most important industrial cities in Turkey, which has left important traces in the city, is insufficient. Leading architects of the period played an important role in the city's path to becoming an "Industrial City". Architect Aydın Boysan is a valuable professional who realized the pioneering architectural designs of his period in Kocaeli and made significant contributions to the city. Boysan, who designed many industrial buildings in Turkey, is the architect of four large industrial sites built in Kocaeli. These four buildings were not only important centers of production in their respective sectors for the country, but also unique representatives of modern architecture that was influential all over the world. It is an important responsibility of architectural historiography to bring these works of modern architecture, which shed light on an era, to the agenda and into the literature before they are lost. This study examines the structural, formal and functional characteristics of the facilities and their status today through Boysan's architectural identity and design approaches to industrial buildings. These facilities started operations in the 1960s, an important historical threshold in Kocaeli's transformation into an industrial city. Research on these representations of Boysan's unique modernist architectural style expands our knowledge about the production of the built environment for an industrial city and reveals traces of an important architect of the period.
Understanding the Role of Spatial Configuration on Social Behavior in Educational Buildings
Authors: Tunçok Sarıberberoğlu Mine , Ünlü Alper
Published: December 2024

Educational buildings, which appear as a design problem when viewed through the historical process, appear as a whole of structures consisting of educational units of different functions and sizes, shaped through a main corridor space and attached to this main space. On the other hand, when educational buildings are considered through their plan schemes or spatial layouts, it is possible to say that they positively or negatively affect different but interrelated parameters such as students' potential to come together, their motivation in crowds, and their involvement with each other in social relations. In the space syntax theory, buildings are separated from each other in terms of programming; that behavior is shaped and determined by the configuration (strong programming) or possible new forms of behavioral patterns occurring against the layout (weak programming). This study uses a comparative methodology to investigate the effect of the spatial layout of educational buildings on how social interaction is generated and motivated in the relations of 'syntactic programs' in school settings. The study focuses on recess time behavior in relation to the spatial layout and uses behavior maps and space syntax methods to examine the effects of the spatial setups programming parameters in educational buildings. Results show that if an educational building has a flexible structure (weak programming) with its spatial organization, socialization is oriented naturally by the layout with enriched behavioral patterns. However, when the design starts to behave strongly programmed, social behavior becomes monotonous and prevented. As a result, this study shows the importance of understanding social logic in the architectural design of educational buildings in structuring social relationships. Revealing the relationships between these concepts is thought to guide the evaluation of the design criteria of educational buildings and the contents presented for new designs.
Updating Primary Antibiotic Resistance in Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated in Italy
Authors: Saracino Ilaria Maria , Pavoni Matteo , Fiorini Giulia , Zullo Angelo , Imbrogno Andrea , Lazzarotto Tiziana , Borghi Claudio , Vaira Dino
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Bacterial resistance toward the most used antibiotics is increasing in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains worldwide. The emergence of multidrug resistance significantly affects the efficacy of standard therapy regimens. Therefore, this prospective study has updated the prevalence rates of primary antibiotic resistance in H. pylori strains isolated in routine practice.
Methods: H. pylori isolates obtained from patients consecutively observed in a single center were tested for primary resistance by using the E-test method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints to define resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin were, respectively, greater than 0. 25 mg/L, 8 mg/L, and 1 mg/L, according to updated EUCAST recommendations. The trend of antibiotic prevalence, either single or combined, during 2020–2023 was assessed.
Results: A total of 789 patients meeting inclusion criteria were diagnosed with H. pylori infection, but bacterial strains were overall recovered in 632 (80.1%) cases. At bacterial culture, primary resistance rate was 36.7% for clarithromycin, 32.8% for metronidazole, and 22.1% for levofloxacin, whilst dual clarithromycin-metronidazole resistance rate was detected in 17.4%, and triple resistance in 9%.
Conclusions: Our data found that primary resistance towards both clarithromycin and metronidazole, as well as dual resistance, is substantially stable in Italy whilst the prevalence of levofloxacin resistance seems to be decreasing in our geographic area.
Efficacy of Molecular Methods for the Diagnosis of Enteropathogenic Microorganisms Associated with Diarrhoea: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lopez Muñoz Diego Fernando , Giraldo Ospina Beatriz , Beltran Angarita Leonardo
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Diarrhoea has a significant health impact and requires accurate diagnostic approaches, despite the limitations of many existing methods. This review examines various molecular techniques aimed at facilitating the rapid diagnosis of diarrhoeal diseases caused by bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens.
Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature review was conducted using six prestigious databases, including WOS, Scopus, Science Direct, Embase, PubMed and LILACS Plus. This rigorous approach allowed the synthesis of reviews on molecular diagnostic techniques for infectious diarrhoeal diseases.
Results: This research began with a careful systematic literature review of 2,760 scientific papers published in the last ten years (2014-2024), culminating in the inclusion of 18 studies following rigorous screening and eligibility criteria. In particular, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), isolation of genomic DNA from stool samples and the Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Assay emerged as the predominant molecular methods. These techniques demonstrated remarkable consistency in sensitivity, specificity and rapid diagnostic capability, particularly in the context of acute infectious diarrhoeal diseases. They also demonstrated the ability to simultaneously detect and identify multiple pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and parasites.
Conclusions: The use of multiplex real-time PCR assays has not only improved the detection rates of enteropathogens, but has also revealed previously unrecognised gaps in the diagnosis of infectious diarrhoea. Our study highlights the importance of using molecular methods for comprehensive diagnosis in terms of sensitivity, specificity and rapid diagnostic capability. This will provide healthcare professionals with timely and accurate diagnostic data, enabling more effective treatment strategies for this public health problem.
What is the Role of Measuring Urinary Gluten Immunogenic Peptides in Clinical Practice in Patients with Coeliac Disease?
Authors: Raju Suneil A , Ingham Katerina E , Green Olivia , Johnson Calvin M , Shiha Mohamed G , Nandi Nicoletta , Trott Nick , Penny Hugo A , Hadjivassiliou Marios , Wild Graeme , Sanders David S.
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: In coeliac disease, the clinical role of the urinary gluten immunogenic peptide is unclear. It has been suggested it can be a non-invasive marker of villous atrophy. Therefore, we present the largest cross-sectional clinical data in patients with coeliac disease to establish the diagnostic accuracy of the urinary gluten immunogenic peptide in identifying villous atrophy.
Methods: Patients providing urinary gluten immunogenic peptide were identified between September 2018 and August 2023 at the National Health Service (NHS) England National Centre for Non-Responsive and Refractory CD. In our retrospective study, the results of the urinary gluten immunogenic peptide test collected within 7 days, self-reported adherence to a gluten free diet reported within 3 months, serology collected within 7 days (immunoglobulin A - tissue transglutaminase and endomysial antibody) and histology at the time of endoscopy were compared in individuals with coeliac disease who were either asymptomatic and undergoing remission biopsies (group 1), non-responsive coeliac disease (group 2) and refractory coeliac disease on immunosuppressive therapy (group 3). Associations between dichotomous variables were calculated using chi-squared test.
Results: In group 1 the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for detecting villous atrophy were 42.9%, 83.3.%, 64.3% and 67.6% respectively. In group 2 the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for detecting villous atrophy were 36.2%, 79.0%, 39.5% and 76.6% respectively. In group 3 the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for detecting villous atrophy were 56.3%, 70.6%, 73.0% and 53.3%. More patients on immunosuppression had a positive urinary gluten immunogenic peptide than those not on immunosuppression (43.3% vs 24.1%, p<0.001).
Conclusions: The urinary gluten immunogenic peptide does not have a role in identifying villous atrophy. Therefore, to assess for villous atrophy an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is still required.
Iron and Copper Liver Concentrations in Wilson Disease
Authors: Day Patrick Lloyd , Fyffe-Freil Ria , Vanderboom Patrick , Spears Grant , Wangensteen Kirk , Bornhorst Joshua , Hassan Sara , Jannetto Paul J
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Wilson disease (WD) results in the defective incorporation of copper into ceruloplasmin as well as decreased biliary copper excretion. Secondary iron overload has also been associated with WD; however, the prevalence is currently unknown. This study aims to determine the prevalence of potential secondary iron overload in patients suspected to have WD. The secondary aim was to determine whether common laboratory tests were associated with liver copper concentrations or the need for liver transplantation in a subset of patients with confirmed WD.
Methods: Using our institution’s laboratory information system, 197 patients with liver copper concentrations > 250 mcg/g were identified who also had a concurrent liver iron concentration available. Correlations between copper, iron, and hepatic iron index were performed by log-transforming the data and then using the Pearson method. Furthermore, in a subpopulation of ten patients clinically confirmed to have WD, various laboratory test values were evaluated to determine associations with liver copper concentration or liver transplantation.
Results: There was no significant association between copper and iron liver tissue concentrations (p=0.84). However, 13 (8%) patients aged 13 or older had a hepatic iron index >1.0 which may indicate secondary iron overload. Furthermore, in clinically confirmed WD patients, hemoglobin and hematocrit were inversely associated with liver copper concentrations (p=0.036).
Conclusions: Iron overload can be detected in liver tissues with elevated copper concentrations characteristic of WD Furthermore, in WD, low hemoglobin and hematocrit values were associated with elevated liver copper concentration. Clinicians should consider the possibility of secondary iron overload and/or anemia in patients with WD.
Effectiveness of 8-week Treatment with Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Treatment-naïve or -experienced HCV Patients: Results from an Observational Retrospective Study in Real-life Settings (ODYSSEY)
Authors: Trifan Anca , Stanciu Carol , Streinu-Cercel Adrian , Culinescu Augustina , Baroiu Liliana , Dumitru Eugen , Pojoga Cristina , Brisc Ciprian , Brisc Mihaela Mihaela , Gheonea Dan Ionut , Florescu Dan Nicolae , Pop Corina Silvia , Diaconu Laura Sorina , Munteanu Laura , Iliescu Laura , Diculescu Mircea , Ester Carmen , Gheorghe Liliana
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Pan-genotypic ribavirin-free oral direct-acting antivirals, including the glecaprevir/pibrentasvir combination, are recommended for the treatment of most patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In Romania, the HCV-infected patient population receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is not well characterized and data on treatment effectiveness is lacking. The ODYSSEY study aimed to provide insights into the characteristics and treatment outcomes of HCV-infected Romanian patients receiving 8-week therapy with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir.
Methods: This observational, retrospective medical chart review study was based on a Patient Support Program for HCV-infected patients (HCV-PSP) attending clinical practices in Romania and initiating glecaprevir/pibrentasvir between 01 February 2022 and 11 July 2023. Patients ≥18 years of age with compensated liver disease F0-F4 fibrosis grade treatment-naïve or F0-F3 fibrosis grade treatment-experienced on previous interferon-based regimens from the HCV-PSP were included in the ODYSSEY study. Patients received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for at least 8 weeks. Sustained virological response (SVR) was assessed at 12 weeks after the 8-week treatment (SVR12). Analyses were conducted on the core population (CP) and the CP with sufficient follow-up data (CPSFU).
Results: The CP and CPSFU included 2,240 and 2,165 patients, respectively. In both populations, most patients were female (≥67.57%), aged >50 years (≥73.62%), and treatment-naïve (≥96.47%). F4 fibrosis was reported in 19% of patients. Hypertension was the most common relevant comorbidity, reported for 21% of patients; comorbidity rates increased with age. Overall SVR12 rates were 96.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 95.2-96.8%) and 99.3% (95%CI: 98.9–99.6) in the CP and CPSFU, respectively. When stratified by gender, age category, comorbidities or fibrosis grade, SVR12 rates were >92% in the CP [except for the subgroups of patients with chronic kidney disease (87.5%) and depressive-/anxiety disorders (86.2%)] and ≥97.0% in the CPSFU. SVR12 rates were higher in female patients. In an exploratory analysis, in the CPSFU, the presence of diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR)=3.840; 95%CI: 1.093–13.495] and cardiovascular diseases (OR=7.904; 95%CI: 1.719-36.346) were associated with an increased probability to detect HCV RNA at 12 weeks post-treatment.
Conclusions: The 8-week treatment with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir resulted in high SVR12 rates for multiple HCV-infected patient profiles encountered in real-life settings in Romania.
Diagnostic Value of Qualitative and Quantitative Endoscopic Ultrasound Elastography for the Evaluation of Lymph Nodes: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Binglan , Zhang Chenglong , Li Pan , Zhu Fuping
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant deep lymph nodes (LNs) has been a significant challenge up until now. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) elastography is a real-time imaging technique evaluated in several studies with diverse results. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the performance of EUS elastography for the differentiation of benign and malignant deep LNs.
Methods: All the eligible studies were searched by PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR). The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) were used to examine the accuracy of qualitative and quantitative EUS elastography.
Results: A total of eleven studies including 599 patients and 943 LNs were analyzed. In studies using the qualitative color pattern as the diagnostic standard, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative LR were 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-0.86)], 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89-0.94), 7.83 (95%CI: 3.58-17.09) and 0.22 (95%CI: 0.14-0.34), respectively. In studies using the quantitative value as the diagnostic standard, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative LR were 0.80 (95%CI: 0.74-0.86) and 0.87 (95%CI: 0.82-0.92), 5.63 (95%CI: 3.46-9.17) and 0.23 (95%CI: 0.12-0.44), respectively. The summary DOR and the AUC were 48.73 (95%CI: 21.83-108.80) and 0.933 (Q*=0.869) for qualitative EUS elastography, 33.35 (95% CI: 12.81-86.87) and 0.923 (Q*=0.857) for quantitative EUS elastography.
Conclusions: Our meta-analysis shows that both qualitative and quantitative EUS elastography have high accuracy in the detection of malignant deep LNs, which could be used as a valuable complementary method to EUS-FNA for the differentiation of deep LNs in the future.
Exploring the Role of Brain Fog, Fatigue, and Psychological Distress on Quality of Life in Individuals Living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Knowles Simon R , Dickinson Matthew
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Despite reports of brain fog in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), empirical research into this phenomenon has been lacking. This study aimed to validate a brain fog scale and explore the relationships between IBD symptom activity, brain fog, fatigue, psychological distress, and quality of life (QoL).
Method: A cross-sectional online study.
Results: Of the 170 adults with IBD (mean age 38.75 years, 85.9% female, 62.35% Crohn’s disease), 94.10% percent reported experiencing brain fog, with the majority (53.75%) experiencing brain fog at least 2 times a week, with each episode lasting around 2 hours. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the first hypothesis, demonstrating validity and stability of the brain fog scale in an IBD sample. Correlation analyses supported the second hypothesis, revealing positive relationships between IBD symptom activity and brain fog, fatigue and psychological distress, and a negative relationship between IBD symptom activity and QoL. A structural equation model with excellent fit (CMIN/df=1.84, p=0.137, TLI=0.98, CFI=0.99, SRMR=0.03, and RMSEA=0.07), provided support for the third hypothesis in that the relationship between IBD symptom activity and QoL was fully mediated by brain fog, fatigue, and psychological distress.
Conclusions: This is the first study to explore the lived experience of brain fog and to validate the brain fog scale in an IBD sample. The study provides evidence that like fatigue, brain fog is not only common in IBD cohorts but is also frequent and adversely impacts psychological distress and QoL.
A case of Gastric cystic polyp mimicking early gastric cancer
Authors: Xiao Ling , Chen Fei-Fan , Wu Jun-Chao
Published: December 2024

In this study, we present a case of a 51-year-old man with a gastric lesion initially suspected to be early gastric cancer but was ultimately diagnosed as a Gastric cystic polyp (GCP). The patient underwent diagnostic endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) based on the lesion's appearance and characteristics. Detailed pathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of GCP. A follow-up revealed no recurrence six months post-treatment.
A History of the Discovery of Helicobacter Pylori, with Special Reference to Giulio Bizzozero
Authors: Lazarate Cuba Raul Jesus , Quigley Eamonn Martin
Published: December 2024

Helicobacter pylori is a microorganism that is highly prevalent in mankind and closely linked to several gastroduodenal disorders. Though Helicobacter pylori was introduced to the scientific community in 1983 by Robin Warren and Barry Marshall, a closely related Helicobacter species had been described one hundred years earlier by the Italian pathologist Giulio Bizzozero in the canine stomach. In this review we analyze the different steps involved in the discovery of Helicobacter and provide a biography of the pioneer Giulio Bizzozero.
The Landscape of Helicobacter pylori-related Gastric Carcinogenesis
Authors: Assumpção Paulo Pimentel de , Genta Robert M , Camargo Maria Constanza , Silva Jessica Manoelli Costa da , Amieva Manuel Ricardo , Rugge Massimo
Published: December 2024

The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and humans remains a complex enigma. While other factors contribute to gastric cancer (GC), their impact pales in comparison to the central role of H. pylori. Various cofactors, such as dietary carcinogens and Epstein-Barr virus infection, can lead to GC independently of H. pylori. However, it is likely the combination of mechanisms, especially those driven by H. pylori, that represents the primary force behind GC development. Identifying individuals at high risk of developing H. pylori-related GC or detecting the disease in its earliest stages remains a significant challenge. To address this, we aim to refine the existing gastric carcinogenic model by incorporating molecular data, oncological concepts common to many cancers, and data from innovative experimental approaches. This updated model, applicable to both intestinal and diffuse GC, builds on Pelayo Correa's carcinogenesis pathway while expanding our understanding of H. pylori's role in gastric carcinogenesis. It not only emphasizes the direct cellular effects of H. pylori virulence factors but also integrates underrecognized carcinogenic mechanisms, including the interactions between H. pylori and stem cells, providing a more comprehensive view of H. pylori's contribution. By acknowledging additional molecular drivers in GC and recognizing H. pylori's potential involvement in these processes, this model could offer more precise interpretations of GC development and open new avenues for clinical interventions.
Characteristics of heat-resistant low-alloy cast iron for molds in the glass container industry
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ustymenko A. I. , Lukianenko I. V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The growth of national production of glass packaging products requires the use of new materials and technologies to create conversion conditions for the production of moulds and their introduction into production to replace similar imported products.

The main problem faced by glass packaging manufacturers when operating moulding systems is their low service life and failure due to cyclic exposure to high temperatures. The operating environment of a moulding set is caused by the aggressive action of glass material with high adhesive properties, which, in long-term contact, causes defects on the surface of the moulds in the form of oxidised areas and cracks

The high moulding speed and temperature of the aggressive working environment prompts the correction of mould properties, specifically the selection of a chemical composition of a material with a low content of alloying elements, which will improve the performance characteristics of moulds and economic indicators of production.

The paper presents the preparation of the chemical composition of low-alloy cast iron, determines its critical points of phase transformation, establishes its heat resistance characteristics, and recommends it for use as a moulding material.

The results of the differential thermal analysis show that the onset of phase transformations in the experimental cast iron is 17.7 °C higher than the critical point of the sample from the disused mould. The change in the specific mass of the samples after 50 hours of scale resistance tests was determined, which is at a high level and amounts to 0.164 g/(cm2·h).

It has been identified that the growth resistance of cast iron has linear dependencies with increasing influence of cycles, which indicates the absence of sharp phase transformations and, as a result, the absence of dynamic changes in the material during operation. It was identified that the destruction of the experimental cast iron samples occurs at the 60th cycle of high test conditions, which demonstrates positive crack resistance and the presence of a stable structure of the experimental cast iron.
Problems of high-manganese steels welding
Authors:   E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Schwab S. L. , Semenko A. U. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Skorobagatko Yu. P. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Smirnov O. M. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Voron M. M. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tymoshenko A. M. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The sensitivity of high-manganese steels to deformation and heat treatment leads to problems with their welding. They consist in the tendency to crack formation in the zone of thermal influence during rapid heating and cooling. They are also characterized by sensitivity to overheating, which is expressed in the possibility of the carbides precipitation and structure heterogenization. Tendency to cold-hardening due to welding stress can also cause micro- and macro-defects and reduce the quality and reliability of the welded joint.

The work represents analysis of the modern global experience of high-manganese steels welding in various ways and with the use of various materials. The importance of maintaining the homogeneity of the chemical composition between the weld metal and the base material is shown in order to prevent the formation of martensite due to an austenite stability decrease. While welding dissimilar steels, the release of harmful carbides can occur, so such joints should be preheated with controlled cooling. Welding of high-manganese austenitic steels is not recommended to be performed with a consumable electrode made of stainless austenitic steel due to the formation of significant structural and phase heterogeneity, eutectics and cracks that can pass from the welding zone through heat affected zone to the base metal. As a result of the research analysis, it was established that the welding of high-manganese steels is best performed with electrodes with a chemical composition that is close to the materials being welded. Before welding, it is recommended to reduce the level of residual stress and cold hardening by heat treatment. Welding should be carried out under the conditions of minimizing the thermal load on the material, which is achieved by low-current and short-seam welding, as well as by preheating the metal. For welding thin parts from high-manganese steels, laser welding can be used. For larger thicknesses, welding with a fusible electrode in an environment of shielding gases (MIG\MAG) and argon arc welding with a non-fusible electrode (TIG) is applicable.
Akibat Hukum Kepemilikan Sertifikat Hak Milik Atas Tanah Bagi Para Pihak Berdasarkan Perjanjian Nominee
Authors: Faebriyanti Mawar , Hidayat Asep Syarifuddin
Published: December 2024

The main problem in this study is the many nominee agreement practices in Indonesia, especially in Bali, as in the case of Decision Number 137/Pdt.G/2021/PN. Gin. The purpose of this study is to examine the legal consequences of ownership of land title certificates for parties based on nominee agreements and then the researcher explains the Responsibility of Beneficial Owners who own land and buildings in Indonesia based on nominee agreements against taxes due to the transfer of land and building rights. This research uses a type of qualitative research that is descriptive analysis using a normative-juridical approach. This research was conducted using library research, by examining the approach of theories, concepts, reviewing the statute approach related to this law research and the case approach, namely the implementation of law in handling nominee agreement cases. The results showed that there were differences of opinion between judges in deciding cases related to nominee agreements, this was because there was no legal certainty regarding the rules governing nominee agreements. Furthermore, the legal consequences of ownership of title certificates over land do not only result in the parties, namely the land falls to the state and the agreement made is null and void. However, it also has repercussions for notaries and state losses, which are mainly related to taxes.
 
Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah banyaknya praktik perjanjian nominee di Indonesia terutama di Bali seperti dalam kasus pada Putusan Nomor 137/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Gin. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji akibat hukum kepemilikan sertifikat hak milik atas tanah bagi para pihak berdasarkan perjanjian nominee dan selanjutnya peneliti menjelaskan Tanggung Jawab Beneficial Owner yang mempunyai tanah dan bangunan di Indonesia berdasarkan perjanjian nominee terhadap pajak akibat adanya pengalihan hak atas tanah dan bangunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan pendeketan normatif-yuridis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), dengan menelaah pendekatan teori-teori, konsep-konsep, mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach) yang bersangkutan dengan penelitian ini hukum ini dan pendekatan kasus (case approach), yakni implementasi hukum dalam menangani kasus perjanjian nominee. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pendapat antara hakim dalam memutuskan perkara terkait perjanjian nominee, hal ini disebabkan belum ada kepastian hukum mengenai aturan yang mengatur mengenai perjanjian nominee. Selanjutnya, akibat hukum dari kepemilikan sertifikat hak milik atas tanah tidak hanya berakibat bagi para pihak saja yakni tanahnya jatuh kepada negara dan perjanjian yang dibuat batal demi hukum. Tetapi, juga berakibat bagi Notaris dan kerugian negara terutama terkait dengan pajak.
Ethical Norms for the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Authors: Kozhuharova Galya , Kozhuharov Mihail
Published: December 2024

The development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in education brings innovative solutions such as personalized learning, automation of administrative activities and analysis of learning data. While these technologies promise more effective and accessible education, their application creates significant ethical challenges. Key issues include the transparency of algorithms, the protection of personal data, the prevention of discrimination and the preservation of the human factor in teaching.
The article examines the ethical norms that should guide the responsible application of AI in the classroom. Principles and good practices such as equal access to technology, accountability, etc. are discussed, with a focus on the needs of students.
Finally, guidelines are proposed for the integration of AI into the educational process, with an emphasis on ethical standards and social responsibility.