bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effect of substrates and types of wheat flour on microbiological characteristics, pH values, levels of total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and fermentative capacity of sourdough
Authors: Santos Janaína Gomes dos , Ávila Poliana Martins de , Schimitberger Rodrigo , Cunha Luciana Rodrigues da , Gomes Raphael Antônio Borges , Vieira Michele Cristina , Monteiro Reginaldo de Souza , Vieira Silvia Mendonça , Pereira Patrícia Aparecida Pimenta
Published: July 2022

Sourdough is a process that is expanding nowadays. However, the microorganisms present produce metabolites that can cause changes in the breads. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of substrates and types of wheat flour on microbiological characteristics, pH values, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and fermentative capacity of different types of sourdough, comparing them with dry yeast. In this way, six sourdough were elaborated, diversifying the type of wheat flour (whole or white) and the substrate (beer wort, pineapple juice or natural yogurt), being evaluated in the microbiological aspects (yeast count, bacteria under anaerobic conditions and under aerobic conditions), physicochemical (pH, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity (β-carotene/linoleic acid, ABTS and DPPH)) and fermentative capacity (only in sourdough). In view of the results obtained, it was observed that both white wheat flour and whole wheat flour, with the substrates yogurt, pineapple juice and brewer's wort, showed differences in microbiological characteristics, in pH values, in the content of compounds total phenolics, antioxidant capacity and fermentative capacity compared to dry yeast, with whole wheat flour, pineapple or beer wort providing microbial diversity, as well as lowering the pH. WY (white wheat flour and yogurt), WP (white wheat flour and pineapple) and IW (whole wheat flour and beer wort) sourdough were more resistant to temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C e 35 °C).
A utilização da prevenção através do projeto como ferramenta de gestão: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Cavalcanti Lucas Rodrigues , Arruda Vanessa Kelly Freitas de , Figueira Amanda de Morais Alves , Baía João Felipe Barbosa , Moura Júnior José Maria de , Monteiro Eliana Cristina Barreto , Vasconcelos Bianca M. , Melhado Silvio Burrattino
Published: July 2022

O Prevention Through Design – PtD, também conhecido como Prevenção através do Projeto, pode ser utilizado como ferramenta de gestão e coordenação de projetos, que visa colaborar na redução do número de acidentes na construção civil. Portanto, é necessário compreender o cenário da segurança e saúde do trabalho para estabelecer medidas de controle preventivo. Neste sentido, é importante que a prevenção possua efetividade, seja na fase de concepção do projeto ou de execução. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar trabalhos que tenham abordado o PtD, buscando analisar sua usabilidade como ferramenta de gestão, pontuando também seus aspectos positivos e negativos. A metodologia seguiu as orientações dos Itens de Relatório Preferidos para Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-Análises (PRISMA), utilizando palavras-chave em concordância com o descritor booleano “AND” como: “prevention through design”, “management”, “construction”, “occupational safety”, “design” e “design for safety”. Inicialmente foram encontrados 624 artigos, porém com a aplicação dos filtros restaram 30 artigos para leitura completa. Após a leitura completa, 14 artigos foram incluídos para análise detalhada. Foi observado que em países subdesenvolvidos, a ferramenta não é aplicada. No entanto, em países mais desenvolvidos a ferramenta Prevention Through Design – PtD, é bastante requisitada para prevenção de acidentes. Por fim, entende-se que existe um custo atrelado a ferramenta de gestão de acidentes, no entanto é visto que quando existe a sua implementação, o número de acidentes sofre redução, o que torna a ferramenta eficaz.
JILBAB AS AN ACCESSORY IN THE MODERN ERA AND HIS VIEW ON HADITH
Authors: Firmansyah Siddik
Published: July 2022

Hijab has become phenomenal with style and fashion in today's modern era without paying attention to a rule in religion to use it properly. The purpose of this study aims to provide a religious rule in using the hijab for Muslim women with a contemporary form according to the Shari'ah. This method uses descriptive-comparative analysis of the hadith. The results in this paper provide enlightenment to the younger generation of Muslim women using the hijab today, still under the auspices of the religious process and the need for religious education from the family, social environment, and culture to filter the use of the hijab according to Islamic religious regulations. In the hadith of the prophet, it is explained that covering the genitals is an obligation for women when at home, dealing with the opposite sex, and when leaving the house, these three things have their hijab limitations for Muslim women in wearing them.
Habitat selection and abundance of West Indian manatees Trichechus manatus at the margins of their expanding range
Authors: Cloyed CS , Hieb EE , DaCosta KP , Ross M , Carmichael RH
Published: July 2022

Habitat selection and abundances at range margins during geographic expansion may influence movement into new areas, shaping the trajectory of climate-driven changes in species distribution. The West Indian manatee is an ideal species to study how habitat selection influences range expansion because its presence has rapidly increased during the past 2 decades in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM), a region outside its historical range. We estimated the habitat selection and abundances of manatees in coastal Alabama waters along the nGoM coast using resource selection functions and N-mixture models, respectively. Warm season (May-Nov) manatee abundances were estimated at 25 and 34 manatees at any given time in coastal Alabama waters in 2010 and 2019, respectively. Manatees primarily used the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta and Dog River areas, selecting nearshore shallow water habitats proximate to submerged aquatic vegetation. Distance to boat ramps and human population density had stronger effects on opportunistic sighting data but remained important for tagged data, indicating that manatee habitat selection overlapped with humans. Temperature strongly predicted manatee sightings; most sightings occurred when temperatures were >20°C. Our data indicate that the key interacting factors likely to moderate manatee range expansion, and therefore be important to management and conservation of this species, include increased sea temperature, availability of nearshore habitat with submerged aquatic vegetation, and regional manatee population dynamics. As environmental conditions at the range margins continue to become more favorable to manatees and areas within the range core decline in quality, areas at the range margins may become increasingly important.
Self-Medication Among Military Fighter Aircrews
Authors: du Baret de Limé Mathilde , Monin Jonathan , Leschiera Julie , Duquet Jonathan , Manen Olivier , Chiniard Thomas
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The practice of self-medication among military fighter aircrew could compromise flight safety because of the adverse effects that can occur in flight. However, data on this subject is scarce. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of the practice in
this population.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among the French Air Force fighter aircrew based on an anonymous questionnaire distributed electronically. The questions included personal characteristics, opinions, and relations with the healthcare domain as well
as the use of self-medication in general and before a flight.RESULTS: Between March and November 2020, 170 questionnaires were reviewed for an overall return rate of approximately 34%. Our data showed an absolute self-medication rate of 97.6%, but the frequency of its use was rare
or nonexistent in 53.5% of cases. Factors associated with a more frequent use of self-medication were the function of pilot, age under 35, having a regular prescription, lacking intentionality toward getting enough sleep, having confidence in the medical profession, and some specific clinical
situations. The consumption of 97 medications was recorded and 49 before a flight.DISCUSSION: Despite the limitations due to the design of this survey, results suggest that the use of self-medication in fighter aircrews is a reality, but that the frequency of its use is less common.
This practice is probably the result of a complex interaction between many personal factors. However, its impact on flight safety remains uncertain.du Baret de Limé M, Monin J, Leschiera J, Duquet J, Manen O, Chiniard T. Self-medication among military fighter aircrews.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(7):571–580.
General Aviation Accidents Involving Fixed-Wing Aircraft on the Ground
Authors: de Voogt Alexander J. , Kalagher Hilary , Burns Stephanie
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Accidents during start-up and shut-down procedures of aircraft can lead to fatalities or destroyed aircraft. Start-up procedures for propeller aircraft include the possibility of hand-propping, which may increase the occurrence of injuries from propeller strikes.METHODS:
A set of 142 accidents from a 10-yr period were selected from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board online database. Only fixed-wing aircraft in the “standing” phase of flight were included in the dataset. The significance of differences was determined using Pearson’s
Chi-squared analysis.RESULTS: The severity of the injuries sustained in the accidents were inversely related to the amount of damage to the aircraft. Hand-propping without properly securing the aircraft was more likely to result in substantial damage to the aircraft. Pilots with
less than a thousand hours of flight experience were significantly more likely to use an incorrect hand-propping procedure.CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended to make the advisory on hand-propping a regulatory article of the Federal Aviation Administration so that pilots’ knowledge
of this procedure is mandatory and part of their initial training, especially securing the aircraft during hand-propping. Highlighting throttle positions in both regular and hand-propping procedures may optimize checklist design and further mitigate accidents during start-up procedures.de
Voogt AJ, Kalagher H, Burns S. General aviation accidents involving fixed-wing aircraft on the ground. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(7):597–600.
The Test-Retest Reliability of the Pieterse Protocol Return to Flight Assessment for Cabin Crew
Authors: Hohmann Erik , Tetsworth Kevin , Pieterse Reino
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to assess test-retest reliability of the Pieterse return to flight duty protocol for cabin crew to return to flight duties.METHOD: Flight attendants between 20–50 yr old were included if they underwent rehabilitation
at the musculoskeletal rehabilitation unit for a musculoskeletal injury, surgical treatment for orthopedic trauma or industrial injuries, and were assessed by the treating physical therapist and aviation medical examiner to be ready for return to work. Test-retest reliability was calculated
with the Fleiss kappa coefficient.RESULTS: Included were 18 flight attendants (10 men, 34.9 ± 6.3 yr; 8 women, 34.2 ± 3.4 yr). Eight participants were rehabilitated following upper extremity injury, eight following lower extremity, and two following both upper and
lower extremity injury. Perfect test-retest reliability was observed for nine items; kappa values above 0.9 were observed for three items; one item had a kappa value above 0.8 and two items had a kappa value of 0.78. The results for all 15 items were highly significant, demonstrating that
the Fleiss kappa coefficients were significantly different from zero. The kappa coefficient strength of agreement was almost perfect for 13 and substantial for the remaining 3 items. Overall test-retest reliability was 0.95.DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated almost perfect test-retest
reliability for 13 items and substantial reliability for two items, with an overall test-retest reliability of 0.95 for a return to flight assessment for flight attendants. The Pieterse protocol is a reliable tool to establish return to work for cabin crew.Hohmann E, Tetsworth K, Pieterse
R. The test-retest reliability of the Pieterse protocol return to flight assessment for cabin crew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(7):551–556.
Formation and Development of the Concept of Discourse in Lacan and Benveniste
Authors: Miller Alexander
Published: July 2022

Much has been written about Jacques Lacan’s theory of the four discourses. His idiosyncratic employment of the term ‘discourse’ itself, however, has gone generally unexplored. This article demonstrates how Lacan’s conception of discourse as a structure founded on language and determining modes of relation emerged not only out of psychoanalytic practice, but also by way of a long-running conversation with the French linguist Émile Benveniste. Indeed, Lacan’s conception of discourse cannot be adequately comprehended if Benveniste’s work on the same topic is not taken into consideration. While Louis Althusser, Michel Foucault and others were also at work offering theorizations of discourse in the 1960s, Benveniste was the privileged source, interlocutor and foil for Lacan’s theorizations. Tracking the manner in which the psychoanalyst drew on but also distinguished his perspective from that of the linguist allows us to reconsider the specifically psychoanalytic conception of this too-familiar term.
Patterns of Lymph Node Metastasis and Optimal Surgical Strategy in Small (≤20 mm) Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Cai Yibo , Liu Zhuo , Jiang Lai , Ma Dening , Zhou Zhenyuan , Ju Haixing , Zhu Yuping
Published: July 2022

Background

Regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) is crucial for planning additional lymphadenectomy, and is directly correlated with poor prognosis in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). However, the patterns of LNM for small (≤20 mm) GEP-NETs remain unclear. This population-based study aimed at evaluating LNM patterns and identifying optimal surgical strategies from the standpoint of lymph node dissemination.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study retrieved data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registries database for 17,308 patients diagnosed as having localized well-differentiated GEP-NETs ≤ 20 mm between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2017. The patterns of LNM were characterized in 6,622 patients who underwent extended resection for adequate lymph node harvest.

Results

Of 6,622 patients with localized small GEP-NETs in the current study, 2,380 (36%) presented with LNM after regional lymphadenectomy. Nodal involvement was observed in approximately 7.4%, 49.1%, 13.6%, 53.7%, 13.8%, 7.8%, and 15.4% of gastric (g-), small intestinal (si-), appendiceal (a-), colonic (c-), rectal (r-), non-functional pancreatic (nfp-), and functional pancreatic (fp-) NETs ≤ 20 mm. Patients with younger age, larger tumor size, and muscularis invasion were more likely to present with LNM. Additional lymphadenectomy conferred a significant survival advantage in NETs (≤10 mm: HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.33–0.66; p < 0.001; 11–20 mm: HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.34–0.85; p = 0.008) and fp-NETs ≤ 20 mm (HR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02–0.36; p = 0.001), as well as g-NETs (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.16–0.96; p = 0.041) and c-NETs of 11–20 mm (HR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01–0.48; p = 0.007). Survival benefits of additional lymphadenectomy were not found in a-NETs, r-NETs, and nfp-NETs with a small size.

Conclusions

Given the increased risk for nodal metastasis, primary tumor resection with regional lymphadenectomy is a potential optimal surgical strategy for si-NETs and fp-NETs ≤ 20 mm, as well as g-NETs and c-NETs of 11–20 mm. Local resection is an appropriate and reliable surgical approach for a-NETs, r-NETs, and nfp-NETs ≤ 20 mm.
Islands Within Islands: Bacterial Phylogenetic Structure and Consortia in Hawaiian Lava Caves and Fumaroles
Authors: Prescott Rebecca D. , Zamkovaya Tatyana , Donachie Stuart P. , Northup Diana E. , Medley Joseph J. , Monsalve Natalia , Saw Jimmy H. , Decho Alan W. , Chain Patrick S. G. , Boston Penelope J.
Published: July 2022

Lava caves, tubes, and fumaroles in Hawai‘i present a range of volcanic, oligotrophic environments from different lava flows and host unexpectedly high levels of bacterial diversity. These features provide an opportunity to study the ecological drivers that structure bacterial community diversity and assemblies in volcanic ecosystems and compare the older, more stable environments of lava tubes, to the more variable and extreme conditions of younger, geothermally active caves and fumaroles. Using 16S rRNA amplicon-based sequencing methods, we investigated the phylogenetic distinctness and diversity and identified microbial interactions and consortia through co-occurrence networks in 70 samples from lava tubes, geothermal lava caves, and fumaroles on the island of Hawai‘i. Our data illustrate that lava caves and geothermal sites harbor unique microbial communities, with very little overlap between caves or sites. We also found that older lava tubes (500–800 yrs old) hosted greater phylogenetic diversity (Faith's PD) than sites that were either geothermally active or younger (<400 yrs old). Geothermally active sites had a greater number of interactions and complexity than lava tubes. Average phylogenetic distinctness, a measure of the phylogenetic relatedness of a community, was higher than would be expected if communities were structured at random. This suggests that bacterial communities of Hawaiian volcanic environments are phylogenetically over-dispersed and that competitive exclusion is the main driver in structuring these communities. This was supported by network analyses that found that taxa (Class level) co-occurred with more distantly related organisms than close relatives, particularly in geothermal sites. Network “hubs” (taxa of potentially higher ecological importance) were not the most abundant taxa in either geothermal sites or lava tubes and were identified as unknown families or genera of the phyla, Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria. These results highlight the need for further study on the ecological role of microbes in caves through targeted culturing methods, metagenomics, and long-read sequence technologies.
GABA tonic currents and glial cells are altered during epileptogenesis in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome
Authors: Goisis Rosa Chiara , Chiavegato Angela , Gomez-Gonzalo Marta , Marcon Iacopo , Requie Linda Maria , Scholze Petra , Carmignoto Giorgio , Losi Gabriele
Published: July 2022

Dravet Syndrome (DS) is a rare autosomic encephalopathy with epilepsy linked to Nav1.1 channel mutations and defective GABAergic signaling. Effective therapies for this syndrome are lacking, urging a better comprehension of the mechanisms involved. In a recognized mouse model of DS, we studied GABA tonic current, a form of inhibition largely neglected in DS, in brain slices from developing mice before spontaneous seizures are reported. In neurons from the temporal cortex (TeCx) and CA1 region, GABA tonic current was reduced in DS mice compared to controls, while in the entorhinal cortex (ECx) it was not affected. In this region however allopregnanonole potentiation of GABA tonic current was reduced in DS mice, suggesting altered extrasynaptic GABAA subunits. Using THIP as a selective agonist, we found reduced δ subunit mediated tonic currents in ECx of DS mice. Unexpectedly in the dentate gyrus (DG), a region with high δ subunit expression, THIP-evoked currents in DS mice were larger than in controls. An immunofluorescence study confirmed that δ subunit expression was reduced in ECx and increased in DG of DS mice. Finally, considering the importance of neuroinflammation in epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders, we evaluated classical markers of glia activation. Our results show that DS mice have increased Iba1 reactivity and GFAP expression in both ECx and DG, compared to controls. Altogether we report that before spontaneous seizures, DS mice develop significant alterations of GABA tonic currents and glial cell activation. Understanding all the mechanisms involved in these alterations during disease maturation and progression may unveil new therapeutic targets.
Tuning brain networks: The emerging role of transcranial direct current stimulation on structural plasticity
Authors: Barbati Saviana Antonella , Podda Maria Vittoria , Grassi Claudio
Published: July 2022

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique (NIBS) that has been proven to promote beneficial effects in a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Unfortunately, although has been widely investigated, the mechanism comprehension around tDCS effects presents still some gaps. Therefore, scientists are still trying to uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind its positive effects to permit a more suitable application. Experimental models have provided converging evidence that tDCS elicits improvements in learning and memory by modulating both excitability and synaptic plasticity in neurons. Recently, among tDCS neurobiological effects, neural synchronization and dendritic structural changes have been reported in physiological and pathological conditions, suggesting possible effects at the neuronal circuit level. In this review, we bring in to focus the emerging effects of tDCS on the structural plasticity changes and neuronal rewiring, with the intent to match these two aspects with the underpinning molecular mechanisms identified so far, providing a new perspective to work on to unveil novel tDCS therapeutic use to treat brain dysfunctions.
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality in Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Wu Xianfeng , Zhou Lei , Zhan Xiaojiang , Wen Yueqiang , Wang Xiaoyang , Feng Xiaoran , Wang Niansong , Peng Fenfen , Wu Junnan
Published: July 2022

Background

In dialysis patients, lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) did not provide benefits, which seemed implausible in clinical practice. We hypothesized a U-shaped association between LDL-C and mortality in dialysis patients.

Methods

In this multi-center retrospective real-world cohort study, 3,565 incident Chinese peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients between January 1, 2005, and May 31, 2020, were included. The associations between baseline LDL-C and mortality were examined using cause-specific hazard models.

Results

Of 3,565 patients, 820 died, including 415 cardiovascular deaths. As compared with the reference range (2.26-2.60 mmol/L), both higher levels of LDL-C (> 2.60 mmol/L) and lower levels of LDL-C (< 2.26 mmol/L) were associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR],1.35, 95% confidence index [CI], 1.09-1.66; HR 1.36, 95%CI, 1.13-1.64) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.31, 95% CI, 1.10-1.72; HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.22-2.19). Malnutrition (albumin < 36.0 g/L) modified the association between LDL-C and cardiovascular mortality (P for interaction = 0.01). A significantly increased risk of cardiovascular mortality was observed among patients with malnutrition and lower levels of LDL-C (HR 2.96, 95%CI 1.43-6.12) or higher levels of LDL-C (HR 2.81, 95%CI 1.38-5.72).

Conclusion

Low and high levels of LDL-C at the start of PD procedure were associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risks. Malnutrition may modify the association of LDL-C with cardiovascular mortality.
Prior Tonsillectomy and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kacimi Salah Eddine O. , Elgenidy Anas , Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad , Ould Setti Mounir , Khosla Atulya Aman , Benmelouka Amira Yasmine , Aloulou Mohammad , Djebabria Kawthar , Shamseldin Laila Salah , Riffi Omar , Mesli Nabil Smain , Sekkal Hanane Z. , Afifi Ahmed M. , Shah Jaffer , Ghozy Sherief
Published: July 2022

Background

Exposure to recurrent infections in childhood was linked to an increased risk of cancer in adulthood. There is also evidence that a history of tonsillectomy, a procedure often performed in children with recurrent infections, is linked to an increased risk of leukemia and Hodgkin lymphoma. Tonsillectomy could be directly associated with cancer risk, or it could be a proxy for another risk factor such as recurrent infections and chronic inflammation. Nevertheless, the role of recurrent childhood infections and tonsillectomy on the one hand, and the risk of breast cancer (BC) in adulthood remain understudied. Our study aims to verify whether a history of tonsillectomy increases the risk of BC in women.

Methods

A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to January 25, 2022, to identify the studies which assessed the association between the history of tonsillectomy and BC in females. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated using the random/fixed-effects models to synthesize the associations between tonsillectomy and BC risk based on heterogeneity.

Results

Eight studies included 2252 patients with breast cancer of which 1151 underwent tonsillectomy and 5314 controls of which 1725 had their tonsils removed. Patients with a history of tonsillectomy showed a higher subsequent risk of developing BC (OR, 1.24; 95% CI: 1.11-1.39) as compared to patients without a history of tonsillectomy. Influence analyses showed that no single study had a significant effect on the overall estimate or the heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that a history of tonsillectomy is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. These findings underscore the need for frequent follow-ups and screening of tonsillectomy patients to assess for the risk of BC.
Transition to Parenthood and Marital Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bogdan Ionela , Turliuc Maria Nicoleta , Candel Octav Sorin
Published: July 2022

The transition to parenthood is a major life event characterized by profound changes for a considerable number of people. Previous meta-analyses summarized the results obtained by various researchers in the first year and, respectively, in the first 2 years postpartum, globally. The current study adds to the literature by testing the changes from 12 to 24 months, the cross-partner associations and the analysis of different moderators. The aims of this present meta-analysis are to investigate the decrease in marital satisfaction during the first and second year postpartum, to examine cross-partner associations of the decline in postpartum marital satisfaction, and to investigate the potential moderating variables of this decrease. Forty-nine studies (97 samples of parents and 9 samples of non-parents) that fit our criteria are included in the meta-analysis. The data analysis was performed using meta-analytic techniques. Marital satisfaction has a medium decrease between pregnancy and 12 months postpartum, and a small decline between 12 and 24 months postpartum for both genders. In a similar period with first year postpartum, non-parents present a small decline in marital satisfaction. Moreover, the analysis of the dyadic studies data shows cross-partner associations, confirming that one partner’s satisfaction has a steeper decline when the other partner’s satisfaction presents a steep decrease. The decrease in marital satisfaction does not stop after the first postpartum year, and the coss-partners associations are present. Theoretical and therapeutic implications are also discussed.
The Self-Regulation of Eating Attitudes in Sport Scale: Defining an Optimal Regulation Zone
Authors: Scoffier-Meriaux Stéphanie , Paquet Yvan
Published: July 2022

This study examines the hypothesis of a Zone of Optimal Regulation of Eating Attitudes in Sport (ZOREAS). The ZOREAS refers to a band, or zone within which athletes are most likely to optimize eating attitude regulation which should be associated with a low level of disordered eating. Scores outside this zone indicate a risk factor for eating disorders. One hundred and eleven volunteer athletes were recruited. Two variables were assessed: self-regulation of eating in sport, and eating attitudes and behaviors, measured with the French Self-Regulatory Eating Attitude in Sports Scale (SREASS), and the French version of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), respectively. Correlational analyses and an ANOVA were run. As expected, we observed a negative relationship between scores for the self-regulation of eating, and disordered eating attitudes in the sports context. To better-determine the ZOREAS, we ran a one-way ANOVA, which was significant for disordered eating attitudes. The plot of the interaction confirmed three trends: a high level of disordered eating attitudes (EAT scores over 20) is associated with a high level of self-regulation of eating attitudes (SREASS scores over 24); a medium level of disordered eating attitudes is associated with a low level of self-regulation of eating attitudes (SREASS scores under 19); a low level of disordered eating attitudes is associated with a medium level of self-regulation of eating attitudes (SREASS scores between 19 and 24). Thus, the ZOREAS was determined to be SREASS scores within the range 19–24. The ZOREAS may be useful to sports psychology practitioners who work with athletes.
Responding to Distress Choosing Between Care and Food: Attachment Orientation and Emotion Regulation
Authors: Uccula Arcangelo , Enna Mauro , Mulatti Claudio
Published: July 2022

According to attachment theory, care-seeking is the primary coping strategy in threatening situations. However, anxious and avoidant individuals often use secondary regulation strategies. The purpose of this study was to test whether, in a potentially threatening situation, the participants' attachment orientation affects whether they prefer to resort to care or food to regulate their negative emotions. Ninety-two participants took part in an experimental situation in which they had to choose between pictures of care or food, following the presentation of threatening images randomly alternating with neutral ones. Results showed that care pictures were chosen to a greater extent in the threatening condition compared to the food pictures and the neutral condition, without distinction of attachment orientation. In addition, in threatening condition, anxious individuals chose to care less than non-anxious individuals. Finally, avoidant participants chose care pictures to a lesser extent than individuals low on avoidance in the neutral condition, but not in the threatening condition. In conclusion, attachment anxiety was associated with more difficulty in the choice of representation of care in a threatening condition, while avoidant individuals show their defensive strategies in the neutral condition rather than in the threatening condition.
A Nationally Representative Survey Assessing Restorative Sleep in US Adults
Authors: Robbins Rebecca , Quan Stuart F. , Buysse Daniel J. , Weaver Matthew D. , Walker Matthew P. , Drake Christopher L. , Monten Kristen , Barger Laura K. , Rajaratnam Shantha M. W. , Roth Thomas , Czeisler Charles A.
Published: July 2022

Restorative sleep is a commonly used term but a poorly defined construct. Few studies have assessed restorative sleep in nationally representative samples. We convened a panel of 7 expert physicians and researchers to evaluate and enhance available measures of restorative sleep. We then developed the revised Restorative Sleep Questionnaire (REST-Q), which comprises 9 items assessing feelings resulting from the prior sleep episode, each with 5-point Likert response scales. Finally, we assessed the prevalence of high, somewhat, and low REST-Q scores in a nationally representative sample of US adults (n = 1,055) and examined the relationship of REST-Q scores with other sleep and demographic characteristics. Pairwise correlations were performed between the REST-Q scores and other self-reported sleep measures. Weighted logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare scores on the REST-Q with demographic variables. The prevalence of higher REST-Q scores (4 or 5 on the Likert scale) was 28.1% in the nationally representative sample. REST-Q scores positively correlated with sleep quality (r = 0.61) and sleep duration (r = 0.32), and negatively correlated with both difficulty falling asleep (r = −0.40) and falling back asleep after waking (r = −0.41). Higher restorative sleep scores (indicating more feelings of restoration upon waking) were more common among those who were: ≥60 years of age (OR = 4.20, 95% CI: 1.92–9.17); widowed (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.01–5.42), and retired (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.30–3.14). Higher restorative sleep scores were less frequent among those who were not working “other” (e.g., a person performing household duties, OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.10–1.00) and living in a household with two or more persons (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29–0.87). Our findings suggest that the REST-Q may be useful for assessing restorative sleep.
Predicting peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer: A simple model to exempt low-risk patients from unnecessary staging laparoscopy
Authors: Li Zhemin , Guan Guangmin , Liu Zining , Li Jiazheng , Ying Xiangji , Shan Fei , Li Ziyu
Published: July 2022

Background

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of gastric cancer indicates a poor outcome and is mainly diagnosed by staging laparoscopy (SL). This study was designed to develop a risk stratification model based on the number of risk factors to exempt low-risk patients from unnecessary SL.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study based on a single institution between January 2015 and December 2019. SL is indicated for patients of advanced locoregional stage, and clinicopathologic characteristics of 535 consecutive patients were included. PC-associated variables were identified by logistic regression analysis. A risk stratification model based on the number of risk factors was constructed, and we defined its predictive value with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and negative predictive value.

Results

In total, 15.9% of included patients were found to have PC during SL. Borrmann type IV, elevated CA125, and tumour diameter ≥5 cm were independent risk factors of PC. These three factors combined with cT4 were selected as predictive factors, and the number of predictive variables was significantly related to the possibility of PC (2.0%, 12.8%, 20.0%, 54.2%, and 100%, respectively). When the cutoff value is more than one predictive factor, the negative predictive value is 98.0%, with an area under the curve of 0.780. This model could exempt 29.8% of unnecessary SL compared to the indication of the current NCCN guideline.

Conclusions

We constructed a simple model to predict the probability of PC using the number of predictive factors. It is recommended that patients without any of these factors should be exempt from SL.
Subgaleal Effusion and Brain Midline Shift After Cranioplasty: A Retrospective Study Between Polyetheretherketone Cranioplasty and Titanium Cranioplasty After Decompressive Craniectomy
Authors: Ji Tao , Yao Peiwen , Zeng Yu , Qian Zhouqi , Wang Ke , Gao Liang
Published: July 2022

Cranioplasty with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has recently shown better cerebral protection performance, improved brain function, and aesthetic contour compared with titanium mesh. However, whether patients undergoing PEEK cranioplasty tend to develop subgaleal effusions remains elusive. This retrospective study included patients who underwent cranioplasty with PEEK implants or titanium mesh after decompressive craniectomy between July 2017 and July 2020. Patient information, including general information, location, size of the defect, subgaleal depth, and brain midline shift was collected and statistically analyzed. There were 130 cases of cranioplasty, including 35 with PEEK implants and 95 with a titanium mesh. Patients who underwent cranioplasty with a PEEK implant had a higher subgaleal effusion rate than those who underwent cranioplasty with titanium mesh (85.71% vs. 53.68%, P < 0.001), while a midline shift >5 mm was more frequently observed in the PEEK group than in the titanium group (20% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.021). The PEEK material was the only factor associated with subgaleal effusion after cranioplasty (OR 5.589, P = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis further showed that age was a protective factor against midline shift in the PEEK cranioplasty group (OR 0.837, P = 0.029). Patients who underwent cranioplasty with PEEK implants were more likely to develop severe subgaleal effusion and significant brain midline shifts than those with titanium mesh implants.
Open Emergent Groin Hernia Repair: Anterior or Posterior Approach?
Authors: Rodrigues-Gonçalves V. , Verdaguer M. , Moratal M. , Blanco R. , Bravo-Salva A. , Pereira-Rodíguez J. A. , López-Cano M.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The current literature has not yet provided a definitive conclusion on the best emergency groin hernia repair. The aim of this study was first to compare the short and long-term outcomes between open preperitoneal and anterior approach in emergency groin hernia repair and second to identify risk factors for postoperative complications, mortality, and recurrence.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent emergency groin hernia repair between January 2010 and December 2018. Short and long-term outcomes were analyzed comparing approach and repair techniques. The predictors of complications and mortality were investigated using multivariate logistic regression. Cox regression multivariate analysis were used to explore risk factors of recurrence.

Results: A total of 316 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most widely used surgical techniques were open preperitoneal mesh repair (34%) and mesh plug (34%), followed by Lichtenstein (19%), plug and patch (7%) and tissue repair (6%). Open preperitoneal mesh repair was associated with lower rates of recurrence (p = 0.02) and associated laparotomies (p < 0.001). Complication and 90-day mortality rate was similar between the techniques. Multivariable analysis identified patients aged 75 years or older (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.14–3.80; p = 0.016) and preoperative bowel obstruction (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.20–3.70; p = 0.010) as risk factors for complications and Comprehensive Complication Index ≥26.2 as risk factor for 90-day mortality (OR, 44.76; 95% CI, 4.51–444.59; p = 0.01). Female gender was the only risk factor for recurrence.

Conclusion: Open preperitoneal mesh repair may be superior to other techniques in the emergency setting, because it can avoid the morbidity of associated laparotomies, with a lower long-term recurrence rate.
Design of an Intuitive Master for Improving Teleoperation Task Performance Using the Functional Separation of Actuators: Movement and Gravity Compensation
Authors: Chon Sang Uk , Seo Jaehong , Kim Jungyeong , Han Sangchul , Park Sangshin , Kim Jin Tak , Kim Jinhyeon , Cho Jungsan
Published: July 2022

Teleoperation, in which humans and robots work together to improve work performance, is growing explosively. However, the work performance of teleoperation is not yet excellent. Master–slave systems with different kinematics and workspaces need space-transformation control techniques. These techniques cause psychological fatigue to an operator with poor manipulation skills. In this study, we propose an intuitive master design that focuses on fatigue. Large workspaces reduce mental fatigue; however, they lead to physical fatigue problems. To solve this problem, we reflect the role of actuators in the design, through functional separation using movement and gravity compensation. This study proposes the design and prototype fabrication of an intuitive master K-handler to improve remote-work performance. The K-handler features six degrees of freedom (DoF), an anthropomorphic structure, and a lightweight nature. It has a reach long enough to cover the workspace of the human arm to reduce mental fatigue. In addition, gravity compensation, which can reduce the operator’s physical fatigue during operation, is possible in all workspace areas.
Flight Departure Time Prediction Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhou Hang , Li Weicong , Jiang Ziqi , Cai Fanger , Xue Yuting
Published: July 2022

Accurate flight departure time prediction enables the rational use of airport support resources, aprons, and runway resources, and promotes the implementation of collaborative decision-making. In order to accurately predict the flight departure time, this paper proposes a deep learning-based flight departure time prediction model. First, this paper analyzes the influence of different factors on flight departure time and the influencing factor. Secondly, this paper establishes a gated recurrent unit (GRU) model, considers the impact of different hyperparameters on network performance, and determines the optimal hyperparameter combination through parameter tuning. Finally, the model verification and comparative analysis are carried out using the real flight data of ZSNJ. The evaluation values of the established model are as follows: root mean square error (RMSE) value is 0.42, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value is 6.07, and mean absolute error (MAE) value is 0.3. Compared with other delay prediction models, the model established in this paper has a 16% reduction in RMSE, 34% reduction in MAPE, and 86% reduction in MAE. The model has high prediction accuracy, which can provide a reliable basis for the implementation of airport scheduling and collaborative decision-making.
Perspectives of Farmers on the Decline in Pinus pinea Nut Yield and the Sustainability of the Production: A Case Study in Kozak Basin in Western Turkey
Authors: Özden Sezgin , Okan Taner , Buğday Seda Erkan , Köse Coşkun
Published: July 2022

In the Kozak Basin, which is the most important pine nut production and trade center in Turkey, there has been a significant decrease in production recently. In this study, the perspectives of the farmers in this area were investigated, specifically about reasons for the decrease in yields. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 378 pine nut farmers from the Kozak Basin. It was determined that the average age of the farmers is high, their educational achievement level is low, they generally also work in alternative sectors and almost all of them grow pine nuts in their own pine groves. The farmers’ perception of cooperatives was found to be negative. In general, the local people continue to produce pine nuts in their own pine groves, but nearly half of the participants also worked in other sectors to maintain their standard of living. Farmers attribute the low yield in the Kozak Basin to both abiotic and biotic factors. Mining activities, which are increasing, are seen as a threat to the future of production in the area. Also, there is a growing perception of biotic harm, especially from Western Conifer Seed Bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis. Climate change and air pollution are other prominent factors.
Simulation Parameter Calibration and Test of Typical Pear Varieties Based on Discrete Element Method
Authors: Fan Guiju , Wang Siyu , Shi Wenjie , Gong Zhenfeng , Gao Ming
Published: July 2022

To improve the accuracy of discrete element simulation parameters for the mechanized picking and collection of pears, the study calibrated the simulation parameters of pears by the method of combining a physical experiment and simulation. Based on the intrinsic parameters of four kinds of pears (Snow pears, Crisp pears, Huangguan pears and Qiuyue pears), their simulation models were constructed by the Hertz-Mindlin with a bonding model. The simulation parameters between pears and the contact material (PVC, EVA foam material) were calibrated by the methods of free fall collision, inclined sliding and rolling, respectively. The experiments of pear accumulation angle were carried out. It was obtained to process the image of pears with Matrix Laboratory software. In order to determine the optimal value interval of influencing factors of the pear accumulation angle, the steepest ascent experiment was carried out. Considering the coefficient of collision recovery, the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of rolling friction between pears, five-level simulation experiments of the pear accumulation angle were designed for each factor by the method of orthogonal rotation combination. The regression model of the error between the measured value and the simulated value of the pear accumulation angle was established, and the influence of three factors on the pear accumulation angle was analyzed. The results showed that the static friction coefficient and rolling friction coefficient between pears have significant effects on the pear accumulation angle. Therefore, the optimal model of minimum error was constructed according to constraint condition, and the coefficient of collision recovery, coefficient of static friction and coefficient of rolling friction between pears were obtained. The accumulation angle verification experiments were carried out by the method of bottomless barrel lifting. The results showed that the relative error between the simulated and measured accumulation angle of four kinds of pears were 1.42%, 1.68%, 2.19% and 1.83%, respectively, which indicated that the calibrated simulation parameters were reliable. The research can provide a basis for the design and parameters optimization of harvesting machinery of pears.
Sowing Date Regulates the Growth and Yield of Broomcorn Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.): From Two Different Ecological Sites on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Luo Yan , Gong Xiangwei , Liu Jiajia , Qu Yang , Feng Baili
Published: July 2022

A two-year experiment was conducted to determine the optimal combinations of sowing date and variety maturity using four broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) varieties. The results showed that sowing dates had significant effects on the leaf net photosynthesis (Pn) and chlorophyll fluorescence and multivariate analysis showed that the effects of variety, sowing date, measuring stage and their interactions were significant in both sites. The days from seeding to maturity were strongly decreased (6–35 d) and the ratios of reproductive growth to vegetative growth were increased in V2 and V4 and decreased in V1 and V3 in Baoji and increased in all varieties in Yulin. The highest yield was Jinshu 5 in Baoji and Shaanmei 1 in Yulin, and the total average yield of Yulin (2408.3 kg ha−1) was higher than that of Baoji (1385.2 kg ha−1) and the average yield was reduced by 12.4% and 27.2% compared to BJ1 in Baoji and 15.5%, 3.6% and 12.7% compared to YL1 in Yulin. Correlation analysis showed that the key meteorological factors which limit the growth and yield of broomcorn millet were different for the two sites. Moreover, linear fitting analysis indicated that the accumulated temperature and the number of growth days in the reproductive growth stage (R2 = 0.5306 and 0.5139) and accumulated temperature during the whole growth period (R2 = 0.4323) were the top three factors affecting the yield in Baoji and precipitation (R2 = 0.386) affected the yield in Yulin. Overall, the results of this study determined that the varieties of broomcorn millet with a short growth period should have delayed sowing, while those with a longer growth period are suitable for early sowing in the semi-arid area.