bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As estratégias de divulgação do Zen Budismo no Brasil:
Authors: LUIZ LEONARDO , SEFARIM Vanda
Published: December 2024

O artigo objetiva apresentar como Eduardo Basto de Albuquerque, a partir de seu lugar como monge e historiador, construiu estratégias de divulgação do Budismo no Brasil por meio do jornal Notícias Populares. O recorte histórico refere-se aos anos de 1976 a 1980 em que Albuquerque publicou a coluna Budismo no jornal e realizou proselitismo religioso. A presença de uma religião como o Budismo no Notícias Populares suscita indagações acerca dos motivos que levaram a sua publicação, portanto, o periódico é abordado como documento histórico imbricado em escolhas políticas desde a decisão do que se publicar até a maneira com que foram ordenadas as notícias (LUCA, 2008). Do ponto de vista teórico, os textos de Albuquerque são abordados utilizando os conceitos de Michel de Certeau (2014), buscando demonstrar como a partir de uma posição institucional de monge, Albuquerque elaborou estratégias visando a normatização das práticas budistas para os leitores do Notícias Populares que, taticamente, reinterpretaram os textos. Espera-se demonstrar que embora parte da historiografia brasileira destaque o Budismo entre grupos intelectuais, de classe média ou nikkei, é possível perceber a presença da religião entre setores mais amplos da sociedade brasileira, entre os quais, os indivíduos que liam o Notícias Populares, isto é, sugere-se a hipótese de que a presença do Budismo pode ser mais profunda do que se têm apontado.
„U Twego Syna, Gospodzina”. Studia i szkice mariologiczne
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: December 2024

Niezwykłe bogactwo maryjnej tradycji Kościoła, wyrażające się zarówno w refleksji teologicznej, której treścią jest Maryja Bogarodzica, jak i w pobożności i duchowości chrześcijańskiej, szeroko odzwierciedlającej się w kulturze, zachwyca, ale także inspiruje w sytuacji duchowej naszych czasów. Na nowo dzisiaj widzimy, że ożywia się duchowe odniesienie do Maryi, stające się udziałem wielu, starszych i młodszych wierzących. Niestety, ilekroć pojawiają się znaki takiego ożywienia, budzą się także demony, skłaniając do absurdu bluźnierstw kierowanych przeciw Matce Chrystusa. Jesteśmy świadkami powtarzających się, a nawet nasilających aktów świętokradczych, na przykład w bluźnierczych wytworach różnych dziedzin pseudo-sztuki, w niszczeniu figur przydrożnych, w atakach na kościoły i kaplice dedykowane Matce Bożej.
Pemenuhan Nafkah bagi Pasangan Idiot di Karangpatihan Balong Ponorogo Jawa Timur
Authors: Susanti Linna
Published: December 2024

This article discusses about the implementation of compliance for idiot couples’ living in village Karangpatihan, Balong, Ponorogo within the perspective of Islamic law. Fulfillment of the idiot husband living in village Karangpatihan, Balong, Ponorogo obtained by working odd job with wages of around Rp. 6.000, - up to Rp. 20.000, per day. But the most commonly accepted salary is Rp. 6.000, -. This earning is only able to meet the food need to taste with the advanced food and snack for the children. This minimal income is deemed sufficient by his wife and idiot family, because they understand the limitation of their clothing. Idiot husband never buys clothes for his wife and children. It is their brothers who buy clothes for them. For residence, the idiot couple is still alive with their parents and brother. The implementation of a living fulfillment of the idiot husband to his family is not prohibited by Islamic law that ordered husband to provide a living according to his ability. Husband provides a living by taking into account to his family circumstance adapted to the ability of the husband and his family economic condition.
[Artikel ini membahas tentang pelaksanaan pemenuhan nafkah bagi pasangan suami istri idiot di Desa Karangpatihan Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo perspektif hukum Islam. Pemenuhan nafkah suami idiot di Desa Karangpatihan Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo didapat dengan kerja serabutan, dengan artian bukan pekerjaan yang pasti, sehingga penghasilannya tidak menentu, dengan upah sekitar Rp. 6.000,- sampai Rp. 20.000,- , namun gaji yang paling sering diterima adalah Rp. 6.000,-. Penghasilan ini hanya bisa memenuhi kebutuhan makan secukupnya dengan mengedepankan makanan dan jajan bagi anaknya. Penghasilan yang minim ini sudah dianggap cukup oleh sang istri idiot dan keluarga, karena mereka memahami keterbatasan yang mereka sandang. Suami idiot tidak pernah membelikan baju bagi istri dan anak-anaknya, sehingga saudaranyalah yang membelikan baju bagi mereka. Untuk rumah kediaman, pasangan idiot masih hidup bersama orang tuanya dan saudaranya. Pelaksanaan pemenuhan nafkah suami idiot kepada keluarganya tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam yang memerintahkan suami untuk memberikan nafkah sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Suami memberikan nafkah dengan mempertimbangkan keadaan keluarga, kemampuannya dan dengan kadar cukup bagi istrinya yang juga disesuaikan dengan kemampuan suami dan kondisi perekonomian keluarganya.]
Pernikahan Syarifah dengan Non-Sayyid di Patokan Kraksaan Probolinggo Perspektif Imam Malik dan Imam Syafi’i
Authors: Masruroh Masruroh
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on sharifah marriage with non sayyid man in village Patokan, Kraksaan, Probolinggo within the perspective of Imam Malik and Imam Shafi’i. In this village, there are two cases of marriage between sharifah and non sayyid. First, the marriage between sharifah and non sayyid implemented with the consent and approval of her guardian. Second, the marriage between sharifah and non sayyid conducted without the permission and consent of her guardian, the sharifah is married by a judge guardian. Imam Malik and Imam Shafi’i view that the sharifah marriage with non sayyid man which carried out on the guardian’s permission is valid. The marriage conducted without the consent of the sharifah’s guardian, according to Imam Malik, is legitimate. Meanwhile, according to Imam Shafi’i, the marriage is null and void for lack of willingness of the guardian. Apart from the Priest’s opinions, in practice, the marriage between sharifah and non sayyid is being happy.
[Artikel ini membahas tentang pernikahan syarifah dengan laki laki non sayyid di Desa Patokan Kecamatan Kraksaan Kabupaten Probolinggo perspektif Imam Malik dan Imam Syafi’i. Di Desa Patokan terjadi dua pernikahan antara syarifah dengan laki-laki non sayyid. Pertama, pernikahan seorang syarifah dengan laki-laki non sayyid yang dilaksanakan atas izin dan restu dari walinya. Kedua, pernikahan seorang syarifah yang dilaksanakan tanpa izin dan restu dari walinya, syarifah tersebut dinikahkan oleh wali hakim. Imam Malik dan Imam Syafi’i sepakat menyatakan bahwa pernikahan syarifah dengan laki-laki non sayyid yang dilaksanakan atas izin walinya adalah sah. Adapun pernikahan yang dilaksanakan tanpa restu wali dari syarifah, menurut Imam Malik pernikahan tersebut sah. Sedangkan menurut Imam Syafi’i, pernikahan tersebut batal karena tidak mendapat kerelaan dari wali. Terlepas dari pendapat kedua Imam tersebut, dalam prakteknya para syarifah yang menikah dengan laki-laki non sayyid tetap bisa bahagia dalam pernikahannya.]
Hukum Waris di Indonesia Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Adat
Authors: Haniru Rahmat
Published: December 2024

This article explains the interrelation between Islamic inheritance law and Indonesian customary inheritance law. Islamic inheritance law is a set of rules that regulates the transfer of property from a deceased to the rightful heirs. It means that the law determines who the heirs are and who are not. It also determine the potion or percentage of each heir of the property. Similarly, customary inheritance law regulates the transfer of property and other property-related rights. The comparison between the two laws results in several similar features despite their differences. In customary inheritance law, some property may not be distributed among heirs or their distribution may be deferred to a later time, while in Islamic inheritance law, each inheritor is entitled to request his or her share of inheritance at any time. In customary law, adopted children may become inheritor if the deceased decided to do so, while Islamic inheritance law adopted children doesÂ  not have this regulation. In addition, the share of each inheritor is not predetermined in customary law, while Islamic inheritance law determines the share of each inheritor which cannot be negotiated.
[Hukum waris Islam adalah aturan yang mengatur pengalihan harta dari seseorang yang meninggal dunia kepada ahli warisnya. Hal ini berarti menentukan siapa-siapa yang menjadi ahli waris, porsi bagian masing-masing ahli waris, menentukan bagian harta peninggalan dan harta warisan yang diberikan kepada ahli waris. Hukum waris adat adalah serangkaian peraturan yang mengatur penerusan dan pengoperan harta peninggalan atau harta warisan dari suatu generasi ke generasi lain, baik yang berkaitan dengan harta benda maupun yang berkaitan dengan hak-hak kebendaan. Perbandingan antara hukum waris islam dan hukum waris adat, diantaranya: a. Dalam hukum waris adat, harta peninggalan dapat bersifat tidak dapat dibagi-bagi atau pelaksanaan pembagiannya ditunda. Sedangkan dalan hukum waris Islam, tiap ahli waris dapat menuntut pembagian harta peninggalan tersebut sewaktu-waktu. b. Hukum waris adat memberi kepada anak angkat, hak nafkah dari harta peninggalan orang tua angkatnya. Sedangkan dalam hukum waris Islam, tida ada ketentuan ini. c. Dalam hukum waris adat, pembagiannya merupakan tindakan bersama, berjalan secara rukun dengan memperhatikan keadaan khusus tiap waris. Adapun dalam hukum waris Islam, bagian-bagian para ahli waris telah ditentukan.]
Pandangan Ahli Medis Tentang Usia Perkawinan Menurut Pasal 7 Ayat 1 dan 2 UUNo. 1 Tahun 1974
Authors: Kholilah Tsamrotun
Published: December 2024

Early marriage in Islamic discourse is not a significant problem. It, however, becomes a problem when is associated with the positive law in Indonesia. This study discusses the views of the medical experts and the Islamic law analysis against the age of marriage according to article 7 paragraph 1 and 2 of Law No. 1 year 1974. The law states that marriage is allowed if a woman has already been 16 years old and a man has already been 19 years. Whereas in Law No. 23 of 2003 (on the protection of child) states that child is when he or she is still 18 years old and below. On the other hands, the medical science states that the ideal age to perform marriage is if a woman has already been 20 years old and a man has already been 25 years old. This illustrates that the government indirectly legalizes the practice of underage marriage. According to the analysis of Islamic law, marital age in the article is not too problematic because the benchmark of marital age is puberty. However, in order to form a family with full of sakinah (happiness), mawaddah (love), and rahmah (mercy), this does not ensure the establishment the purpose of marriage, because in the medical science point of view, such marriages will not guarantee the reproductive health, especially for woman.
[Pernikahan dini dalam diskursus Islam tidak menjadi persoalan berarti. Akan tetapi menjadi persoalan ketika dibenturkan tetnang hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pandangan ahli medis terhadap usia perkawinan menurut pasal 7 ayat 1&2 UU No.1 Tahun 1974 dan menganalisis secara Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Pandangan ahli Medis tentang usia perkawinan menurut Pasal 7 ayat 1&2 UU No.1 Tahun 1974. Dalam pasal 7 ayat 1 & 2 UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 menyebutkan bahwa perkawinan diperbolehkan jika usia perempuan sudah 16 tahun dan laki-laki 19 tahun sedangkan dalam UU No. 23 Tahun 2003 Tentang Perlindungan Anak, anak adalah ketika ia masih usia 18 tahun ke bawah. Dan dalam ilmu Kesehatan menyebutkan bahwa usia yang ideal untuk melakukan perkawinan jika perempuan sudah berusia 20 tahun dan laki-laki berusia 25 tahun. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa pemerintah secara tidak langsung melegalkan adanya praktik perkawinan anak. Menurut Analisis Hukum Islam ketentuan usia perkawinan dalam pasal tersebut tidak terlalu dipermasalahkan karena dalam Islam menggunakan tolak ukur baligh. Namun, dalam rangka membentuk keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah, hal ini tidak menjamin terbentuknya tujuan perkawinan, karena dalam ilmu kesehatan perkawinan tersebut tidak menjamin akan kesehatan reproduksi terutama bagi pihak wanita.]
Dispensasi Nikah Bagi Anak di Bawah Umur Tanpa Persetujuan Wali Perspektif Yuridis
Authors: Nur Nafahatin
Published: December 2024

Issue of underage marriage comes into discussion and requires a very deep study, especially by judges who will provide the fairest decision. This research is a field research questions what the basic consideration of the judge granting a dispensation of marriage filed by minors without the consent of the guardian, in ruling No. 0067/Pdt.P/2012/PA.Pas and how the juridical analysis about it. The result of the research concludes that the judge granted dispensation of marriage without permission of her guardian. The reason are that the marriage is a very urgent to be done because the bride has already been pregnant 6 months. In order not to cause greater damage, the judge granted the request. In relation with the status of applicant, who is still minor, also follows the emergency consideration. Therefore, the applicant was declared to be the subject of law. While the decision does not comply with the provision of Article 7 paragraph (2) Law No. 1 1974 and PMA no. 3 of 1975 concerning with the permissibility of proposing dispensation of marriage to Religious Court that has been designated by parent. And the condition of applicant is not legal competent, this will lead to a formal letter of request becomes disabled due to an error in persona and defect letter.
[Persoalan pernikahan di bawah umur menjadi pembahasan tersendiri yang membutuhkan kajian yang sangat mendalam, terutama oleh para hakim yang akan memberikan putusan yang seadil-adilnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang mempertanyakan apa dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam mengabulkan permohonan dispensasi nikah yang diajukan oleh anak di bawah umur tanpa izin dari wali, dalam putusan No. 0067/Pdt.P/2012/PA.Pas dan bagaimana analisis yuridisnya. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa majelis hakim mengabulkan permohonan dispensasi nikah tanpa persetujuan wali karena majelis hakim menilai perkawinan tersebut sudah sangat mendesak untuk dilakukan karena calon istri tengah hamil 6 bulan agar tidak menimbulkan kerusakan yang lebih besar majelis hakim mengabulkan permohonan tersebut, dan mengenai status pemohon yang masih di bawah umur juga mengikuti pertimbangan darurat tersebut oleh karena itu pemohon dinyatakan sah menjadi subyek hukum. Sedangkan putusan tersebut tidak memenuhi ketentuan pasal 7 ayat(2) undang undang no. 1 tahun 1974 dan PMA no. 3 tahun 1975 tentang kebolehan mengajukan dispensasi nikah ke pengadilan agama yang telah ditunjuk orang tua. Dan pemohon masih belum cakap hukum, hal ini akan menimbulkan surat permohonan menjadi cacat formal karena error in persona dan akibat lebih lanjut dari surat permohonan yang cacat formal adalah harus dinyatakan tidak dapat diterima.]
Penetapan Ahli Waris Penerima Santunan Jasa Raharja Dalam PP No. 18 Tahun 1965
Authors: Ulya Zakiyatul
Published: December 2024

This bibliographical research aims to answer the questions of how the determination of the heirs as receivers of Jasa Raharja compensation stated in PP (Peraturan Pemerintah/Government Regulation) No. 18 Year 1965 and how the Islamic law perspective against the determination of the heirs as receivers of Jasa Raharja compensation. The data that obtained by documentation technique are further analyzed by descriptive method and deductive mindset. The research concludes that according to PP No. 18 Year 1965, the heirs are children, widow/widower, and/or the parents of the victim died of road traffic accident with the rule of the receipt and payment of compensation starting from the legitimate widow/widower, legal children, and legal parents. Thus, it can be said that the determination of the heirs within such regulation does not fully implement the provision of the Islamic inheritance system since it only provides Jasa Raharja compensation as a part of estate to the heirs who cannot be stunted (mahjub hirman), such as widow/widower, children, and parents. However, if it is viewed from the origin compensation of Jasa Raharja that is not coming from the victim but gathered from the owners of the transport equipment, it can be quite fair when the compensation is only given to the nearest heirs.
[Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian pustaka (library research) yang bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang bagaimana penetapan ahli waris penerima santunan Jasa Raharja dalam PP No. 18 Tahun 1965 dan bagaimana analisis Hukum Islam terhadap penetapan ahli waris penerima santunan Jasa Raharja tersebut. Data penelitian dihimpun dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan pola pikir deduktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa menurut PP No. 18 Tahun 1965, ahli waris hanyalah anak-anak, janda/ duda, dan/ atau orang tua dari korban mati kecelakaan lalu lintas jalan dengan aturan penerimaan pembayaran santunan dimulai dari jandanya/ dudanya yang sah, kemudian anak-anaknya yang sah dan diakhiri orang tuanya yang sah. Dengan demikian, dapat dikatakan bahwa penetapan ahli waris dalam peraturan tersebut tidak sepenuhnya menerapkan ketentuan hukum kewarisan Islam karena hanya memberikan santunan Jasa Raharja yang merupakan bagian harta waris kepada golongan ahli waris yang tidak bisa ter-hijab hirman, yaitu janda/ duda, anak-anak serta orang tua. Meskipun begitu, jika dilihat dari asal santunan Jasa Raharja yang bukan dari korban, namun terhimpun dari para pemilik/ pengusaha alat angkutan lalu lintas jalan, maka dapat dikatakan cukup adil jika santunan tersebut hanya diberikan kepada ahli waris sedarah yang terdekat saja.]
Mak Di Juk Siang Pada Masyarakat Adat Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak
Authors: Sururi Fathu
Published: December 2024

This is a field research that aims to answer questions about how the tradition of Mak Di Juk Siang (prohibition of divorce) which has been regularly applied within the tradition of the people in Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak exactly in DWTJaya, Banjar Agung, Tulang Bawang, Lampung and its legal consequences and how the view point of Islamic law against that tradition. Data are collected by using interview and documentation. The data are then analyzed by using descriptive deductive mindset. This tradition forbids the couples in the same tribe to do divorce. This is true for their commitment for the sake of self-esteem which is the local wisdom that animates each of their lives, including in term of prohibition to do divorce. The damage of this role causes legal consequences during the event of divorce. Therefore, the husband prefers to abandon his wife than to resist the destruction of self-esteem. As a preventive measure against the rampant of divorce recently, then this tradition can be justified by Islamic law since it is principally to form an eternal household. Meanwhile, the provisions and the legal consequences that are not in accordance with Islamic law should not be adhered and should be replaced gradually by Islamic law.
[Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan (field research) yang bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang bagaimana tradisi Mak Di Juk Siang (larangan cerai) yang berlaku di masyarakat adat Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak tepatnya di Desa DWT Jaya Kec. Banjar Agung Kab. Tulang Bawang Lampung beserta akibat hukumnya dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap tradisi tersebut. Data yang telah dihimpun menggunakan teknik wawancara dan studi dokumen dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan pola pikir deduktif. Tradisi ini melarang pasangan suami istri dalam pernikahan sesama suku Lampung untuk bercerai. Hal ini berlaku karena adanya komitmen suku Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak terhadap pi‘il pesenggiri (harga diri) yang merupakan local wisdom yang menjiwai setiap kehidupan mereka, termasuk dalam hal ketidakbolehan untuk bercerai. Rusaknya pi‘il pesenggiri pasangan yang bercerai merupakan akibat hukum yang akan ditimbulkan saat terjadinya peristiwa perceraian. Oleh karena itu, suami lebih memilih untuk menelantarkan istri dari pada harus menahan hancurnya pi‘il pesenggiri jika menceraikan istri. Dalam hal sebagai tindakan preventif terhadap maraknya perceraian, maka tradisi ini dapat dibenarkan oleh syara‘ karena pada prinsipnya syara‘ juga menekankan untuk membentuk rumah tangga yang kekal Adapun, ketentuan dan akibat hukum yang tidak sesuai dengan syara‘ seharusnya tidak ditaati dan diganti dengan hukum Islam secara berangsur-angsur.]
Tradisi Pra Perkawinan Suku Using di Desa Kemiren Kecamatan Glagah Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Nadzifah Nadzifah
Published: December 2024

This is a field research to answer questions about how the provision of pre-marital tradition performed by Using tribe in Kemiren village and how Islamic legal analysis of the provision of the pre-marital tradition. Data are collected through documentation and interview. The collected data are then analyzed by using qualitative-descriptive method and inductive mindset. The pre-marital tradition that has been conducted by Using tribe is still practiced until today. This tradition consists of three types to propose the girl in accordance with their respective tradition. First, colongan (stealing) is done by carrying the girl out to the residence of the elderly of man. Second, ngeleboni (entering) begins with how a man live at the girl’s home. And third, angkat-angkatan (carrying out) is done based on the mutual agreement between the parents of a boy and a girl. Some of the pre-marriage traditions are not in accordance with Islamic law and should be abandoned.
[Tulisan ini merupakan hasil dari sebuah penelitian lapangan (field research) yang bermaksud untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang bagaimana ketentuan tradisi pra perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh suku Using yang berada di Desa Kemiren dan bagaimana analisis hukum Islam terhadap ketentuan tradisi pra perkawinan tersebut. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumenter dan wawancara yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pola pikir induktif. Tradisi pra perkawinan telah dilakukan oleh masyarakat suku Using secara turun temurun dan masih dipraktekkan hingga sekarang. Tradisi ini terdiri dari tiga jenis tradisi peminangan dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang berbeda pada masing-masing tradisinya. Colongan dilakukan dengan membawa seorang gadis ke kediaman orang tua lelaki yang mencolongnya, ngeleboni diawali dengan cara seorang lelaki ngeleboni (tinggal) di rumah gadis, sedangkan angkat-angkatan dilakukan berdasarkan kesepakatan antara orang tua seorang lelaki dan orang tua seorang gadis. Beberapa ketentuan tradisi pra perkawinan suku Using tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam sehingga harus ditinggalkan, misalnya colongan dan ngeleboni boleh dilakukan dengan gadis yang telah terikat pertunangan dengan lelaki lain dan akibatnya peminangan pertama menjadi putus. Meskipun begitu, pelaksanaan perkawinan yang mereka lakukan setelah tradisi pra perkawinan tersebut tetap sah karena tetap mengikuti hukum Islam.]
Pembagian Waris Harta Pusaka Rendah Tidak Bergerak dalam Masyarakat Minangkabau Kanagarian Kurai
Authors: Husni Alfi
Published: December 2024

This study examines the practice of lower division of inheritance for the immovable goods within the inheritance system of Minangkabau, Kanagarian. It is then analyzed with the inheritance system in Islam. Data are obtained by interview and documentation. Interview is conducted to public figures, customs, and religion in Kanagarian Kurai. The collected data are then analyzed with descriptive-deductive mindset. The research finds that the practice of lower division of inheritance for the immovable goods within the inheritance system of Minangkabau- Kanagarian is still strongly influenced by the old custom that only prioritizes the female line. This influence can be seen from the implementation of the inheritance of immovable property such as land or house that are only given to girl. The boy does not take his part because of his embarrassment to the people around who consider that he has not right to take the estate and for the reason to avoid family dispute. In addition, the inheritance system in Kanagarian Kurai, the division of the estate that often delay leads to the mixing of the estate with the other property divisions of inheritance. The practice of lower division of inheritance for the immovable goods within the inheritance system of Minangkabau-Kanagarian is not in accordance with the provision of the Islamic inheritance system which clearly specifies each heir.Penelitian ini mengkaji praktik pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak dalam kewarisan Minangkabau di Kanagarian Kurai.
[Pelaksanaan pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak di kanagarian Kurai ini kemudian dianalisis kesesuaiannya dengan ketentuan waris dalam Islam. Data diperoleh dengan metode wawancara dan studi dokumen. Wawancara dilakukan kepada tokoh masyarakat, adat dan agama di kanagarian Kurai. Setelah terkumpul, data tersebut dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif analisis dengan pola pikir deduktif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, pelaksanaan pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak di Kanagarian Kurai masih sangat dipengaruhi adat lama yang mewariskan harta hanya pada jalur perempuan saja. Pengaruh ini dapat dilihat dari pelaksanaan warisan harta tidak bergerak seperti tanah atau rumah yang hanya diberikan kepada anak perempuan. Anak laki-laki tidak mengambil bagian mereka karena malu kepada masyarakat sekitar yang menganggap tidak patut mengambil harta warisan dan karena untuk menghindari perselisihan keluarga. Selain itu, dalam kewarisan di Kanagarian Kurai, pembagian harta waris yang ditunda-tunda sering menyebabkan tercampurnya harta warisan dengan harta lainnya. Pelaksanaan pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak di Kanagarian Kurai ini tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ada dalam kewarisan Islam yang secara jelas menentukan bagian masing-masing ahli waris secara pasti dan bersifat ijbāri.]
Obyczajowość seksualna mieszkańców XII-wiecznej Rusi w świetle „Żywota Mojżesza Węgrzyna”
Authors:   UMCS, Bartnicki Mariusz
Published: December 2024

As a research issue, sexuality of Ruthenians in the Middle Ages has not aroused special interest of medievalists. In historiography, considerations of the mentioned issue appeared marginally in works devoted to the institution of marriage, and in studies on the development of canon law. The aim of the article on „Sexuality of the inhabitants of 12th-century Ruthenia in the light of »The Life of (St) Moses the Hungarian«” is to analyse intimate life in Ruthenia in the pre-Mongol period in the light of „The Life of (St) Moses the Hungarian”. The juxtaposition of the mentioned hagiographic work with its plot almost entirely set in the context of sexual behaviour, with other Old Russian writings (both normative and narrative in nature) has led to a conclusion that Old Russian customs were not only the result of local tradition and the effect of adopting Byzantine legal norms, but that contacts with Latin Europe also played an important role. The close family affinities of the Rurikids with other European dynasties, the influx of people from the Latin cultural milieu into the local elite, were conducive to the persistence of phenomena considered in literature on the subject to be typical of the Latin culture.
Contextualizing Redacted City Name
Authors: Harth Julia
Published: December 2024

This excerpt from the case context section of an autoethnographic, critical action research project about a contemporary art exhibition in redacted city and state name details relevant Indigenous, settler-colonial, and cultural histories, defining the “place” in which the case study is located. By contextualizing the research within both settler-colonial relations and local exhibitionary history, this investigation aims to generate and sustain connections with ongoing community conversations about the legacies of colonialism and Indigenous futures.
La renovación conceptual de la noción ideología en la producción teórica-política. Una aproximación a la construcción de conceptos en la filosofía-política del siglo XXI
Authors: Barria-Asenjo Nicol A.
Published: December 2024

Este es el documento inaugural de la investigación a la cual dedicaré mi vida: Analizar la renovación conceptual en la filosofía-política del siglo XXI para comprender la estructura históricofilosófica a la luz del problema de las crisis socio-políticas y el horizonte de la humanidad. En el intento por cristalizar dicha búsqueda, en el presente documento intento, con ligereza y modestia, especificar los márgenes histórico-filosóficos de lo que se identificará como siglo XXI, analizar y sistematizar la producción filosófica-política en torno a la noción de ideología, y, el lector encontrará diversos contrastes para identificar contribuciones, estructuraciones y deconstrucciones de la ideología hoy. El supuesto de la investigación, se enfoca en la renovación conceptual y en la importancia de la renovación de la noción de ideología, considerando que, desde la matriz conceptual de nuestra contemporaneidad, se posibilitan nuevas lecturas y análisis de las crisis sociopolíticas que se han desencadenado en diversos países.
The truth of the artwork From the artistic object to the artwork as a Loop
Authors: Romano, PhD Luca
Published: December 2024

Through the interpretations of artwork provided by Hegel, Kant, and Heidegger, the artwork presents itself as complex and often irreducible. The reading offered by Harman, grounded in Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO), constructs a historically significant interpretation but does not exhaust the problematic nature of artwork represents. Through this article, I have attempted to demonstrate the functionality of the concept of loop applied to artwork, providing general connotations and linguistic tools for interpreting artwork as a loop.
¿Puede hoy el pensamiento crítico orientar una política no-teológica para el siglo XXI?
Authors: Cabezas Oscar Ariel
Published: December 2024

Una de las consecuencias más problemáticas para el pensamiento contemporáneo es el deterioro y extenuación de la crítica como agencia política. La crisis de la crítica es generalmente vista como una crisis de las humanidades en su intento por orientar las promesas de la modernidad. Este artículo es un intento por indagar en las condiciones de posibilidad que hoy tiene el pensamiento en la defensa de un programa de ilustración que se asienta en la obra del filósofo español José Luis Villacañas y en la fuerza filosófica que ha tenido la propuesta kantiana de la razón. La hipótesis que el ensayo despliega es que hoy es posible una racionalidad de la crítica como condición de posibilidad de una res publica enunciada por el pensamiento de Kant y extendida en la reconstrucción y enunciación del pensamiento republicano de Villacañas. Sin embargo, la posibilidad de este pensamiento y de la racionalidad de la crítica pasa hoy por una crítica a la individualidad hedonista del capitalismo del siglo XXI.
Entre la filosofía y la psicología en Chile. Amanda Labarca en el cruce de dos disciplinas
Authors: Ramos-Vera José , Barria-Asenjo Nicol A.
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo contribuye a reflexionar en torno a los aportes que realizara la intelectual chilena Amanda Labarca en las hibridaciones entre filosofía y psicología, lo que permite discurrir hacia reflexiones y debates que se suscitan en el campo educativo en el tránsito del siglo XIX al XX. Se utilizó principalmente fuentes primarias para abordar diversos aspectos de la obra de Amanda Labarca y se recurrió a sus primeros trabajos vinculados a la educación y enseñanza. Se asignó relevancia a su obra Lecciones de Filosofía (1922), la que siendo un texto eminentemente filosófico, a su vez, refleja los preludios de la psicología general y educativa en Chile, los cuales se presentan en un período de inmersión en el cual una joven Labarca estudió en profundidad y divulgó a los principales autores estadounidenses que forjaron los nexos entre ambas disciplinas (filosofía y psicología).
Assessment of the oxidative effect of non-thermal argon plasma on the surface of a ferrosulfate dosimeter
Authors:   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, BASYROVA D.V. , GORBATOV S.A. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, KHARLAMOV V.A. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, TSYGVINTSEV P.N. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, PETRUKHINA D.I. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, MEDZHIDOV I.M. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, GLUSHCHENKO N.V. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, TIKHONOV V.N. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, IVANOV I.A. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology
Published: December 2024

Currently, non-thermal argon plasma is actively used for the purpose of disinfection in the agriculture and food industry by treating the surfaces of meat, poultry, vegetables, fruits. Most often, argon acts as a carrier gas, since it has a number of advantages, the main of which is its cheapness. To measure absorbed doses, chemical dosimeters are used, including the Fricke ferrosulfate dosimeter. The paper considers the regularities of changes in oxidative properties during plasma treatment of a ferrosulfate solution of a Fricke dosimeter with different layer thicknesses. During the impact of non-thermal argon plasma on the solution of the Fricke dosimeter, it was established that this treatment method can be used in the fight against surface contamination of biological objects due to the ability of plasma to inactivate microorganisms.
Method for determining radiation losses in the transparent plasma with an arbitrary configuration
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, RADCHENKO V.I.
Published: December 2024

One of the possible options for solving the tomographic problem of restoring the spatial dependence of the radiation loss in the transparent plasma with an arbitrary configuration is proposed. Not any conditions on the spatial symmetry of the radiation loss function of plasma in the volume occupied by it are imposed. The solution is based on the results of the chordal measurements of transverse electromagnetic radiation of plasma. A technique for finding the values necessary for the practical solution of this problem is proposed.
Features of formation of ultrafine-grained structure in commercially pure nickel under the equal-channel angular pressing
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, POPOVA N.A. , NIKONENKO E.L ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, SOLOV'EVA YU.V. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, STARENCHENKO V.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building
Published: December 2024

Using transmission electron diffraction microscopy, the features of the formation of an ultrafine-grained structure in commercially pure nickel after equal-channel angular pressing were studied. It has been established that the formed ultrafine-grained structure is represented predominantly by anisotropic grains with a cellular or fragmentary substructure. It has been shown that particles of secondary phases, namely Ni4N, Ni3C, NiO, and Ni2O3, are present at the grain boundaries and junctions. The following sources of internal stresses have been established: 1) grain junctions; 2) grain boundaries; 3) Ni2O3 particles located in the volume of the grains on dislocations; 4) dislocation structure in the grains or parts of grains where particles of secondary phases are absent. It was found that the internal fields are predominantly elastic. The amplitude of the curvature-twist of the crystal lattice elastic field increases with the grain size refinement.
On the question of the resistance force of the hot ball
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute, GLADKOV S.O.
Published: December 2024

The paper provides a detailed solution to the problem of calculating the resistance force of a hot ball moving in a viscous continuum. The problem is solved in the stationary case at time intervals when the heat exchange of the body with the environment does not lead to significant changes in its temperature. The limiting case is considered when the Nusselt number is large (the coefficient of thermal conductivity is small) and the temperature of the heated ball is considered constant together with the ambient temperature.
C_hCANCO_IPAP_3D.nan v1
Authors: KB NAN
Published: December 2024

This protocol describes running a carbon detected 3D IPAP-(H)CANCO pulse sequence, which provides correlations between CO(i)-N(i) with CA(i) and CA(i-1). [ F2(HA) -> F1(CA,t1) -> F1(CO) -> F3(N,t2) -> F1(C=O,t3) ] Also detects CB-ND-CG and CG-NE-CD correlations for Asn and Gln side chains, respectively. It yields two 2D sub-spectra, so use 'splitcomb ipap 2' to process in Topspin. 15N and 13C labeling are required. It uses the Topspin library pulseprogram 'c_hcanco_ia3d'.
International justice: The problem of political actorness and the crisis of legitimacy
Authors: Pankevich N. V.
Published: December 2024

The current stage in the development of the world political system is frequently described as a crisis, which is accompanied by the weakening of the coordination and regulatory potential of international institutions. This situation is not only a subject of scientific reflection but also a problem requiring practical solutions. The article examines one of the aspects of this crisis associated with the systemic loss of legitimacy by international judicial regulators. This deficit directly impacts their ability to fulfill their functions, unite and direct the efforts of the world community, and contribute to the formation of a system of universal values and legal norms. The article considers the main approaches to the analysis of the social nature of legitimacy at the international level, examines sources and factors determining its stability. It is proposed to study this phenomenon as the characteristic of institutions that have arisen and function in accordance with the principles of the international system. The analysis establishes the problematic patterns in the work of international justice connected to the instrumentalization of their activities by dominant centers within the framework of integration associations, as well as with the transformation of international judicial bodies into an authority that demonstrates a tendency to surpass states. Based on an analysis of the decisions of European international courts, organizational practices and structural innovations facilitating this transformation are highlighted. The article uncovers the conflict of judicial practices with the key values of the international system, such as equality of states, respect for their constitutional identity, and the functional separation of powers. The damaging potential of this drift, leading to the rapid spread of protective reactions by states and the degradation of the international environment, is estimated. The article concludes by proposing some possible policy directions to correct the status of the institutions of international justice.
Adventures of the Kingdom of Reason in the Land of Bolsheviks
Authors: Rusakova O. F. , Rusakov V. M. , Moiseenko Y. Yu.
Published: December 2024

The article aims to reveal the main features of the Bolshevik project to build the Kingdom of Reason in the USSR, associated with the radical reformatting of the relationship between the rational and irrational in the establishment of the socialist society. Theoretical sources include the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, linking the construction of a new communist society to the demystification of social relations and the elimination of alienation and reification; the writings of Vladimir Lenin and other prominent figures of the Soviet state, devoted to the organization of planned economy and the widespread implementation of rational management methods; and the works of the outstanding educator Anton Makarenko, aimed at developing and implementing the idea of educating a new Soviet person. The article posits Bolshevism (Leninism) as the Russian version of socialist transformation, inheriting its fundamental ideas from the French Enlightenment, including the concept of the Kingdom of Reason, manifested in the system of rationally organized planning, accounting, and control. However, in practice, the development of this system, taken to its extreme forms, gave rise to a number of utopian projects that became embodiments of irrational thinking. Thus, the original idea to build the Kingdom of Reason underwent a transformation into its opposite. Nevertheless, the authors of the article believe that the Soviet model of a rationally organized social structure can be considered, if not fully realized, then overall a fairly successful project of building the Kingdom of Reason in a socialist state and methodologically correct sociopedagogical system for shaping a new person.
Citizenship in the ideas of Tyumen students: the results of a trend study
Authors: Malenkov V. V.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the concept of citizenship and its social representations in everyday life. In the frst part, the author outlines the discursive space, within which this concept is defned; he considers its ambiguity and multiple meanings. In the second part, he describes social representations of citizenship characterizing key parameters of the contemporary citizenship regime in the country. The students of Tyumen became an object of his empirical research. The author used a strategy of combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. Based on free associations interviews (n = 206), a conclusion was reached that the respondents share a rather vague conception of citizenship, which expresses itself in diffculties with building minimum of associative series; formal meanings always prevail. This situation becomes even more paradoxical given that more than a half of participants of the experiment have passed the Unifed State Exam in Social Studies. The quantitative approach was implemented through two questionnaire surveys conducted in November-December 2019 (n = 577) and February-March 2023 (n = 554). Along with other questions, these questionnaires included a list of associations to choose from, which were the most suitable for describing citizenship. The analysis of the frequency tables helped the author to identify the core and the periphery of these representations. According to the results, there was a signifcant actualization of some associations (corresponding to the vertical model of citizenship) and a slight deactualization of others with a liberal subtext. Using the analysis of latent classes, the author identifed and described individual clusters with a different structure of ideas concerning the phenomenon under study. The multidimensional approach revealed a slight decrease in the proportion of respondents sharing predominantly formal ideas concerning citizenship in favour of meaningful ideas (increased from 44% to 56%).
Материалы в приборостроении
Authors: Бетина Т.А.
Published: December 2024

Представлена систематизированная информация о материалах с особыми физическими свойствами разных классов, их структуре, свойствах, областях использования, методах создания таких материалов, описаны возможные способы улучшения эксплуатационных физических свойств материалов. Основная цель учебного пособия - предоставить студентам необходимые и достаточные сведения для решения прикладных вопросов создания (выбора) материала в соответствии с эксплуатационными, проектными и технологическими требованиями, предъявляемыми к их физическим свойствам при производстве приборов, конструктивных элементов и узлов разного назначения, используемых в приборостроении.
Для студентов высших учебных заведений очной и заочной форм обучения по направлениям подготовки: "Материаловедение и технология материалов", "Термическая обработка металлов". Может быть полезно инженерно-техническим и научным работникам предприятий приборостроения.
2-е издание.
A Tessitura Intermidiática da Literatura de Cordel em Narrativas contemporâneas e o adejo d’O Pavão Misterioso
Authors:   Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Nunes Da Silva Rodrigo , Pereira Rodrigues Linduarte ,   Universidade Estadual da Paraíba
Published: December 2024

O estudo analisa o caráter intermidiático e de plasticidade cultural (Rodrigues, 2017) da literatura de cordel, demonstrando o trajeto mítico-antropológico do folheto O Romance do Pavão Misterioso, de José Camelo de Melo Rezende (1885-1964). No rol da Semiótica Antropológica (Rodrigues, 2011), realiza uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, ancorada nos estudos culturais, dialógicos, simbólicos e de tradição oral (Bakhtin, 2016; Clüver, 2007; Durand, 2002; Jung, 2014; Zumthor, 1993). A pesquisa evidenciou o cordel como objeto de linguagem da prática social do povo brasileiro que empresta status de valor cultural na mídia contemporânea e produz efeitos de sentido (socioculturais/históricos/ideológicos), atualizados pelo processo de significação do texto no plano de ação da linguagem.
El pensamiento libre en aforismos y parábolas. Interpretación de Pensamientos de un viejo y El payaso interior de Fernando González
Authors:   Universidad del Valle, Loaiza Cano Gilberto
Published: December 2024

Este ensayo está concentrado en el estudio de Pensamientos de un viejo, libro publicado en 1916 por Fernando González, y sus apuntes inéditos titulados El Payaso interior. Intentaremos demostrar que esas obras testimonian una conversación con Friedrich Nietzsche, Arthur Schopenhauer y Baruch de Spinoza. Examinaremos el uso de parábolas y aforismos. Finalmente, nos detendremos en demostrar que hay un sujeto que experimenta una emancipación y, por tanto, una ruptura con los valores tradicionales dominantes. Nuestro examen parte de suponer que hay una conexión íntima entre el qué y el cómo se dice algo.
«La memoria [...] oculta lo que no debería». Lauren Mendinueta en diálogo con Selnich Vivas Hurtado
Authors: Mendinueta Lauren , Vivas Hurtado Selnich ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: December 2024

Lauren Mendinueta en diálogo con Selnich Vivas Hurtado
Vivir tan adentro
Authors: Mendinueta Lauren
Published: December 2024

Selección de poemas de la escritora colombiana Lauren Mendinueta. Traducción al francés de Stéphane Chaumet.
Interculturalidad y la edición de textos académicos
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Vivas Hurtado Selnich , Jaimes Rincón Mayorly Juliana ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Chaves Rendón Paula Andrea ,   Universidad de Antioquia, González Toro Luis Javier ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: December 2024

Nuestra revista, dedicada a la lingüística y a la literatura, presenta para esta ponencia una reflexión sobre cómo vivir la interculturalidad de los saberes y las formas del conocimiento a través de las prácticas editoriales. Desde nuestra experiencia, buscamos fortalecer el cultivo de las prácticas interculturales, entendiendo este último concepto como un puente que conecta diferentes saberes y perspectivas literarias y lingüísticas, desde un diálogo académico inclusivo y diverso, que entrelaza de manera transversal e interdisciplinar las culturas con el proceso editorial. Nos referiremos al diálogo entre Asia, África, Europa y América; para generar un espacio de reflexión que promueva el intercambio académico y que valore y comparta los saberes ancestrales de distintas culturas, integrándolos en una conversación global que tiene en cuenta tanto autoras y autores como a lectoras y lectores. Finalmente, la interculturalidad y la edición de textos académicos no solo implica la difusión de conocimientos, sino también la creación de un lugar de encuentro que conciba no solo la manera en que el mundo vive su literatura y su lengua, sino también los diferentes recorridos y alcances que implican el respeto mutuo entre las diversas tradiciones, formas de conocimiento y prácticas editoriales