bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Third stage of Labor Practice and Associated Factors among Skilled Birth Attendants Working in Gamo and Gofa Zone Public Health Facility, Southern, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Biresaw Wassihun
Published: July 2024

Background: The third stage is the most perilous for the woman because of the risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Proper management of the third stage of labor is an effective intervention to prevent maternal mortality.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the status of active management of the third stage of labor practice and associated factors among obstetric care providers working in public health facilities of Gamo and Gofa zone, southern Ethiopia
Methods: In this institution -based cross-sectional study, 356 health care providers who were working in public health facilities of the Gamo and Gofa zone were involved. Interview administered, a pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire with an observational checklist was used to collect the data. Epi Data version 3.2 was used to code and enter data, which were analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each variable, and binary logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was carried out to determine the associations between predictor variables and outcome variables
Result:  The finding of the study revealed that 48.1% of health care providers have a good practice on Active management of the third stage of labor. Clinical years of experience (AOR = 4.32; 95%CI: (2.78-9.10), having taking in-service basic emergency obstetric care (B-EmOC) training (AOR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.87-4.46), having a satisfactory delivery room (AOR=1.86 95% CI 1.32-2.24) were significantly associated with a Good practice active management of the third stage of labor
Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that the practice of active management of the third stage of labor was poor. Clinical years of experience, having a satisfactory delivery room, and taking in-service training were some of the factors associated with good practice towards active management of the third stage of labor. Providing competency-based training and promoting the use of up-to-date clinical guidelines and ensuring regular training will be needed to improve the practice of the third stage of labor
DETERMINANTS OF FIRST TRIMESTER SPONTANEOUS ABORTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN WHO VISIT YAOUNDÉ HOSPITALS: CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Florent Fouelifack Ymele , Bambo Hetcheu Pascaline , Ofeh Anyimbi Mosman , Foumane Pascal
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before the period of fetal viability which is 22 weeks according to the WHO. It can be spontaneous or induced. Spontaneous abortion is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and represent 10 to 20% of pregnancy terminations. Our objective was to determine the factors associated with first trimester spontaneous abortion.
Methods
We conducted a case-control study at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital  and the Yaoundé Central Hospital, concerning women received from December 15, 2017 to June 01, 2018. The cases were women whose pregnancy ended in a miscarriage in the first trimester. The controls were pregnant women beyond 14 weeks of pregnancy. Data were analyzed using Epi Info 3.5.4 software. The search for associations between different variables studied was done by the odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval. P was significant for any value <0.05.
Results
In total we recruited 69 cases for 138 controls. The absence of daily walking, having a spouse employed in the private sector, not having had a prenatal check-up, the occurrence of malaria and history of spontaneous abortion in the 1st trimester were independent risk factors of first trimester spontaneous abortion, with respectively: aOR=4.83; CI=1.3417.38; aP=0.0159, aOR=2.90; CI = 1.51 - 5.58; aP=0.001, aOR=72.02; CI=7.86 - 659.61; aP<0.001, aOR=63.11; CI=4.18 - 952.02; aP=0.003, and aOR=65.01; CI=5.93-711.54; aP=0.001.
Conclusion
The absence of daily walk, secondary education level, history of abortion, the absence of prenatal check-up and malaria increased the risk of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester. Screening for these factors and intensifying campaigns for Provider Behavior Change Communication would improve the prognosis of pregnancies.
Keywords: associated factors, spontaneous abortion, first trimester, pregnancy, Yaoundé
Spontaneous Rupture of an Unscarred Non-Laboring Gravid Uterus at Term: A Case Report
Authors: Dejene Tafese
Published: July 2024

Background: Rupture of the pregnant uterus is life-threatening for the mother and fetus. Most ruptures occur in women who have had a previous transmyometrial surgical incision, typically for cesarean delivery. Rupture of the unscarred uterus is rare, but the incidence is increasing. It is associated with higher major maternal and neonatal morbidity than cases of rupture of the scarred uterus.
  Case presentation: Here we presented a case of 36 years old gravida 4 para3  presented at gestational age of 38 weeks  with vomiting of ingested matter mixed with blood and abdominal pain of 12 hours and, initially diagnosed to have Placenta previa, severe anemia secondary to acute blood loss secondary to upper gastrointestinal bleeding, Intrauterine fetal death. Finally diagnosed to have uterine rupture and total abdominal hysterectomy done.
  Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is needed in pregnant patients presenting with sudden onset of abdominal pain so as not to miss uterine rupture and its complications.
Do the Externally Measurable Pelvic Diameters Estimate the Relevant Birth Canal Parameters in A Reproductive-Age Woman? Pelvimetry by Reformatted Computed Tomography at Sodo Christian Hospital, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremickael Abinet , Gashaw Weredekal , Seyoum Girma , Manna Sisay , Ajema Desalegn , Meskele Simeon , Meskele Simeon
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Assessment of the size of the female pelvis is an important obstetric practice to identify mothers at risk of cephalopelvic disproportion. Due to the problem of accessing radiological instruments to carry out pelvimetry in health centers of resource-limited countries, clinical pelvimetry remains a routine practice. The present study was aimed at assessing the prediction capability of intertuberous diameter, anterior interspinal diameter, and bi-trochanteric diameters on the pelvic inlet and mid-pelvis diameters as an alternative method to estimate different birth canal parameters.
Subjects and Methods: Institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on randomly selected 423 abdominopelvic computed tomography images of reproductive-age women who visited Sodo Christian hospital from September 2018 to November 2020. Pelvic diameters were measured on a 3D workstation using multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering images. Pearson’s correlation, partial correlation, and multivariate regression analysis were done for assessing the relationship between the variables by using STATA 16.
Results: The present study demonstrated that the intertuberous diameter (ITD) is a significant predictor of obstetric conjugate diameter (OCD), the transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet (TDI), and interspinous diameter (ISD). A millimeter increase in ITD is associated with 0.552 mm, 0.558 mm, and 0.74 mm increase in OCD, TDI, and ISD, respectively. The TDI is the only lesser pelvis diameter significantly predicted by the anterior interspinal diameter (AISD). A millimeter increase in AISD is associated with a 0.229 mm increase in TDI. Jointly the ITD and AISD were shown to predict 81% of TDI. The bi-trochanteric diameter (BTD) was found statistically insignificant predictor of OCD, TDI, and ISD.
Conclusion: As to the present study, the ITD is a potential predictor of the pelvic inlet and mid pelvic diameters. Besides, only the TDI could be estimated from AISD, whereas the BTD could not estimate any of the birth canal parameters.
Emergency contraception among female regular undergraduate students of Debre Markos University - knowledge, attitude, utilization, and associated factors, 2021: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Getinet Mamaru
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Emergency contraception is a type of modern contraception used to prevent pregnancy after a sexual act that is either unprotected or insufficiently protected. Conceived failure, condom breakage, missed doses of oral contraceptives, and failure to utilize any method of contraception are all common reasons for emergency contraception. To prevent such problems, emergency contraceptives are the only method that can be used after unprotected sex. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of emergency contraception in the study area.
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study using multistage stratified sampling was conducted at Debre Markos University from June 27 to July 15, 2021. A sample size of 446 students was proposed for the study and a self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were entered to EPI INFO and translated to SPSS for window version 26 for data analysis. Multiple logistic regressions were employed to describe the strength of the association between the selected study variables by controlling the effect of possible confounders
Result: The majority of the participants (74.4%) reported that they had heard about EC. Out of those who heard about emergency contraceptives, 58.1% identified oral pills as a possible method of emergency contraceptive, followed by injectable 18%. Around half, 207 (46.7%) of the study participants indicated that they recommended others to use ECs. Among the respondents who had ever heard of EC, almost one-fourth 104 (23.3%) of them had ever used EC Pills. The Father's educational level, field of study, and year of study showed a significant association with good knowledge of EC in multivariate logistic regression analysis. There is a strong association between the field of study, marital status, and knowledge about emergency contraceptive communication with the practice of emergency contraception.
Conclusions and recommendations: This study showed that the awareness of emergency contraception among respondents was fair. Moreover, their attitude to using emergency contraception and to advising others to use and their practice is low. Therefore, further to increase the knowledge, attitude, and practice of emergency contraception user-friendly services, basic training about reproductive health and family communication services should be promoted.
A RUPTURED NONCOMMUNICATING RUDIMENTARY HORN PREGNANCY: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dejen Getaneh , Amenu Demisew
Published: July 2024

Pregnancy in the rudimentary horn is rare and carries grave consequences for the mother. Here, we report a case of 26-year G3P2 with 17 weeks gestation who presented with lower abdominal pain. Ultrasound showed hemoperitoneum with suspicion of abdominal ectopic pregnancy. Intraoperatively the diagnosis of ruptured left rudimentary horn pregnancy was made. The fetus and placenta were removed followed by excision of the horn with ipsilateral salpingectomy done.
Keywords:   Ruptured rudimentary horn pregnancy, Unicornuate uterus, uterine anomalies
PREVALENCE OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND ECLAMPSIA AND MATERNO-FETAL OUTCOMES AT A HEALTH FACILTY IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Clement Aghoja Ogheneovo , Ahwinahwi Ufuoma Shalom , Ahwinahwi Ufuoma Shalom , Arute John Edjophe , Arute John Edjophe , Oliseyenum Delight Weluche
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Globally, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia complicate up to 4.6% and 1.4% of pregnancies respectively but disproportionally account for nearly 18% of all maternal death worldwide, with an estimated 62,000 to 77,000 deaths per year.
OBJECTIVE: This study determined the prevalence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, and compared outcomes.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study utilizing the case files of women admitted to the maternity ward of the obstetrics and gynaecology unit in Central Hospital, Ughelli from 1st August 2020 to 30th July 2022. Socio-demographic characteristics, maternal and fetal complications and outcomes, prevalence rate of preeclampsia and eclampsia, were presented as frequencies and percentages.
RESULTS: Of the 6291 mothers which were delivered of their babies in the maternity ward of the obstetrics and gynaecology department, 120(1.9%) were diagnosed of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia; only 108 which had complete documentation were used for the study. Age range of the participants was 16-45years, the majority, 88(81.5%) were married, had secondary education, 70(64.8%) and higher; 42(38.9%) were nulliparous at admission and 67(62%) were unbooked at the antenatal clinic. Fifty –three (49.1%) had preeclampsia while 55(50.9%) had eclampsia. Majority, 107(99.1%) were discharged home alive and 75(69.4%) had no maternal complications. Number of fetuses delivered were 114, 95 (83.3%) were born alive, 68(59.6%) weighed less than 2500g, and 91( 95.8%) neonates had a good APGAR score at the 5th minute.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of pre-eclampsia  and eclampsia was low, however there was high rates of perinatal deaths and occurrence of unfavourable materno-fetal complications.
Prevalence and predictors of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome at Center fertility and repro-ductive medicine at Public IVF center, Ethiopia
Authors: Ansa Meseret , Negash Mustefa , Wondafrash Mekitie , Teshome Abel
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Infertility affects fifteen percent of couples who wish to conceive.  The mainstay of artificial reproductive technologies is in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), in which aspirated Oocytes are fertilized, followed by the trans cervical replacement of an embryo(s) into the uterine cavity.However, the practice of assisted reproductive technology is loaded with short- and long-term complications. Complications may occur during the course of stimulation, ovum pickup, or embryo transfer. Ample studies are done on in vitro fertilization, but the frequency and importance of complications of IVF in low-resource setups where the treatment itself is not widely available are poorly known.
Objective
This study aimed to determine the rate of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome and associated factors among women who underwent controlled ovarian stimulation and IVF in a public IVF center.
Methodology
A simple random sampling technique was used to review the medical records of women who have undergone ovarian stimulation and IVF treatment at the Saint Paul’s Hospital Center for Reproductive Medicine and IVF.
Results
A total of 428 clients had controlled ovarian stimulation and IVF. The mean age of the participants was33yrs among 428 couples who had IVF, majority 245 (57%) had IVF for female factor infertility followed by male factor infertility 89(20%) and unexplained causes 53(12%).
The incidence of OHSS in our IVF population was 19(4.4%) out of 428 women. out of the 22 patients with OHSS 17 (87%) developed mild and moderate and the rest 2 out of 22(10 %) had severe OHSS. The odd of developing OHSS was 6 times among those with PCOS, OR 5.78 CI (1.19, 28.22), p value of 0.03.
Conclusions and recommendations
The overall rate of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome is higher in our IVF population.
Emphasis should be given on counseling and risk minimizing measures when women withPCOS
Key words: IVF, Complications, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
A retrospective analysis of maternal and pregnancy outcomes following PMTCT maternal cohort registration in a displaced setting.
Authors: Ngwibete Atenchong , Oluwatobi Popoola Victor , Oluwasola Timothy
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study assessed the maternal and pregnancy outcomes following PMTCT cohort registration.
Design: A retrospective analysis of HIV-positive pregnant women’s outcomes following enrollment in the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) maternal cohort register between January 2019 and December 2021 in FSP Daudu.
Method: Using a checklist, data was collected from the folders and PMTCT maternal cohort register. Measures of interest included sociodemographic characteristics, maternal outcomes, and pregnancy outcomes.
 Findings: Of 223 identified HIV-positive pregnant women, 201 were enrolled in the program. However, only 189 maternal records met the inclusion criteria. Entry into the PMTCT program was mainly during the antenatal period, between 26 and 30 years of age with a mean gestational age of 15.2 weeks. Only 5.9% of the women reported facility delivery, and up to 70% had over 4 PMTCT follow-up visits before delivery (?2 = 6.825, P = 0.03). The Retention rate among the cohort was 98.4%, with 62% of the women being active throughout the program and over 86% having a live birth. Bivariate analysis suggested that aside from maternal age, similar factors affected maternal and pregnancy outcomes. 
Conclusions The active involvement and engagement of an HIV-positive pregnant woman in care can improve their health outcomes in times of displacement.
Clinical evidence: Active follow-up and documentation constitute an effective strategy to improve PMTCT maternal retention in care and improve maternal outcomes. Further support by engaging community health workers in service delivery will create positive outcomes in the PMTCT program.
Keywords: PMTCT, HIV/AIDs, Maternal health, Pregnancy.
Research instruction among secondary schools implementing Science, Technology and Engineering (STE) Program in MIMAROPA Region
Authors: Formalejo Wendell , Ramirez Eufrecina Jean
Published: July 2024

Research plays a critical role of expanding the frontier of knowledge and boosting national economic development, but research as a field is undervalued in the Philippines. This study assessed the status of research instruction in terms of course content, teaching strategies, and research collaboration among secondary schools implementing Science, Technology and Engineering (STE) Program in MIMAROPA Region, school year 2015-2016. Mixed method approach utilizing the survey questionnaire, classroom observation and focus group discussion was used in this study. The respondents were composed of the Grade 10 students and the research teachers of the STE high schools. Majority of the teacher-respondents are in middle-age, female, had earned academic requirements for master’s program, had moderate experience in teaching, had attended research trainings, and had on-going researches. Overall, both respondents showed somewhat positive attitude ( x̅ =5.21) towards research activities, however, they manifested negative attitude, specifically, that of research anxiety ( x̅ =3.45). On the status of research instruction, significant findings were noted in course content, teaching strategies and research collaboration. In terms of content, most of the topics were rated “very well discussed” and “well discussed” except for “Introduction to Statistics” and “Preparation of Proposals”; hence, improvement must be done on these topics. Surprisingly, research teachers had moderately utilized the proposed strategies along these topics. On the other hand, it is noteworthy that the respondents had undergone the right direction in research collaboration by networking with various experts, institutions and organizations.
THE TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS UP TO 10 IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Dzhaparova S. N. , Omurbekova Sh. O.
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the technologies used for teaching primary school students addition and subtraction concepts namely teaching technologies based on ready-made tasks presented in the Toytheater app. This app sparks an interest in mathematics. The reason for this lies in the intrinsic nature of mathematics: the ability for high-level generalization, abstract, precise language, and logical apparatus allow studying any object of reality, phenomena of the micro- and macro-world. Mathematics also implies a certain style of thinking. Moreover, studying any phenomenon requires clarity, logical research aimed at establishing initial positions, completeness of classifications, and logical conclusion. Teaching mathematics in school plays a key role in developing students' functional properties of their senses, particularly attention, abilities, will, and, most importantly, thinking. Learning addition and subtraction methods involve reading models of specific, graphical, abstract methods, which require students to observe the corresponding situation, analyze it, draw conclusions, notice graphical representations, and draw conclusions about the correct use of the abstract model.
PECULIARITIES OF MOODLE SYSTEM APPLICATION IN TEACHING UNDERGRADUATES
Authors: Аbdiraimova N. А. , Murzahmatova Z. J.
Published: July 2024

This article deals with the advantages and features of the Moodle system in automating the educational process of Master's degree program, and the second stage of the two-level system of higher education. At the same time, the main issue is the justification of the fact that distance learning is a promising form of learning for master's students. The ways of differentiated training of master's students through the Moodle system, working on themselves and self-development, creating a high level of feedback and formation of professional competence will be considered. In addition, the article points out the issues solved by the teachers and master's students in the process of learning.
Inteligencia Artificial en la administración pública: ambigüedad y elección de sistemas de IA y desafíos de gobernanza digital
Authors: Filgueiras Fernando
Published: July 2024

As public administrations embrace artificial intelligence (AI) it is noted that this transition has the potential to transform public service and public policies by offering rapid changes in decision making and service delivery. However, a recent series of critiques have pointed out the problematic aspects of integrating AI systems into public administration, noting some problematic outcomes in terms of justice and values. The argument provided here is that any public administration adopting AI systems must consider and address the ambiguities and uncertainties surrounding two key dimensions: the algorithms’ outcomes and how public managers make decisions for and about the design of AI systems. This article points out the need to design institutions that immerse themselves in understanding the nuances, details, and potential outcomes of AI governance for public administration. Such institutions would reconcile consequentialist logic with a logic of appropriateness to help navigate and mediate ambiguities and uncertainties.
Genome-wide mapping of native co-localized G4s and R-loops in living cells
Authors: Liu Ting , Shen Xing , Ren Yijia , Lu Hongyu , Liu Yu , Chen Chong , Yu Lin , Xue Zhihong
Published: July 2024

The interplay between G4s and R-loops are emerging in regulating DNA repair, replication, and transcription. A comprehensive picture of native co-localized G4s and R-loops in living cells is currently lacking. Here, we describe the development of HepG4-seq and an optimized HBD-seq methods, which robustly capture native G4s and R-loops, respectively, in living cells. We successfully employed these methods to establish comprehensive maps of native co-localized G4s and R-loops in human HEK293 cells and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We discovered that co-localized G4s and R-loops are dynamically altered in a cell type-dependent manner and are largely localized at active promoters and enhancers of transcriptional active genes. We further demonstrated the helicase Dhx9 as a direct and major regulator that modulates the formation and resolution of co-localized G4s and R-loops. Depletion of Dhx9 impaired the self-renewal and differentiation capacities of mESCs by altering the transcription of co-localized G4s and R-loops -associated genes. Taken together, our work established that the endogenous co-localized G4s and R-loops are prevalently persisted in the regulatory regions of active genes and are involved in the transcriptional regulation of their linked genes, opening the door for exploring broader roles of co-localized G4s and R-loops in development and disease.
Encoder-decoder convolutional neural network for simple CT segmentation of COVID-19 infected lungs
Authors: Newson Kiri S. , Benoit David M. , Beavis Andrew W.
Published: July 2024

This work presents the application of an Encoder-Decoder convolutional neural network (ED-CNN) model to automatically segment COVID-19 computerised tomography (CT) data. By doing so we are producing an alternative model to current literature, which is easy to follow and reproduce, making it more accessible for real-world applications as little training would be required to use this. Our simple approach achieves results comparable to those of previously published studies, which use more complex deep-learning networks. We demonstrate a high-quality automated segmentation prediction of thoracic CT scans that correctly delineates the infected regions of the lungs. This segmentation automation can be used as a tool to speed up the contouring process, either to check manual contouring in place of a peer checking, when not possible or to give a rapid indication of infection to be referred for further treatment, thus saving time and resources. In contrast, manual contouring is a time-consuming process in which a professional would contour each patient one by one to be later checked by another professional. The proposed model uses approximately 49 k parameters while others average over 1,000 times more parameters. As our approach relies on a very compact model, shorter training times are observed, which make it possible to easily retrain the model using other data and potentially afford “personalised medicine” workflows. The model achieves similarity scores of Specificity (Sp) = 0.996 ± 0.001, Accuracy (Acc) = 0.994 ± 0.002 and Mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.0075 ± 0.0005.
Narrativas Docentes y Estudiantiles sobre Experiencias de Cuidado (y No Cuidado) en la Escuela Pandémica
Authors: Winkler Müller María Inés , Cortés Concha Margarita Ester , Vargas Canales Victoria Ignacia , Jorquera Martínez Carolina Paz , Penela Quinteros Fernanda Nicol , Bywaters Collado Fernanda Paz
Published: July 2024

Se reportan los resultados de un estudio cualitativo, desde la perspectiva de la ética del cuidado, en que se indaga sobre concepto de cuidado y prácticas de cuidado a través de 49 entrevistas telemáticas a docentes y estudiantes de diversas comunas del país. La ética del cuidado concibe este como un fenómeno tridimensional, que incluye la preocupación, los afectos y las acciones para atender las necesidades de otros. El contexto de pandemia ha exigido la transformación de la docencia presencial a virtual, lo que ha implicado una serie de nuevas demandas para las comunidades educativas. Inspirado en el método de la Teoría Fundada Empíricamente, se reconstruyeron inductivamente cuatro categorías centrales a partir del análisis abierto de las narrativas de docentes y estudiantes: contexto, definición de cuidado, prácticas de cuidado y prácticas de no cuidado. Se concluye que existe una frágil relación entre las perspectivas de la ética del cuidado y las respuestas obtenidas en las entrevistas, en que todos y todas deben ser concebidas como cuidadores al mismo tiempo que receptores de cuidado en coherencia con los postulados de la interdependencia y carácter relacional intrínseco del ser humano. Se distingue entre docentes como cuidadores y estudiantes como receptores del cuidado. Se concluye que el contexto de pandemia ha evidenciado y agudizado las diferencias de recursos disponibles por los colegios según la comuna, asociado a la inequidad en la distribución de recursos en el sistema educacional chileno.
Experiencias de Sexismo en el Contexto Universitario: El Rol del Apoyo Social
Authors: Jeria-León Trinidad , Jiménez-Moya Gloria
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo estudia el efecto del sexismo experimentado por estudiantes universitarias chilenas en sus niveles de malestar psicológico, autoeficacia y persistencia académica y explora el rol del apoyo social como mecanismo mediador de estos efectos. Se hipotetiza que a mayor sexismo experimentado mayor es el malestar psicológico y menores los niveles de autoeficacia y persistencia académica. También se hipotetiza que el apoyo social actúa como variable mediadora de estas relaciones. Se realizó un muestreo accidental, compuesto 602 estudiantes de una universidad privada de Santiago de Chile. Las estudiantes contestaron un cuestionario autoadministrado online, compuesto por ítems del Inventario de Eventos Sexistas, OQ-30.2 -Malestar Psicológico-, Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido, Escala General de Autoeficacia, y el Cuestionario de Persistencia Universitaria. Se realizaron análisis de regresión y un procedimiento de bootstrap para explorar el rol del apoyo social como variable mediadora. Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva entre las experiencias de sexismo y el malestar psicológico, y se encontró que el apoyo social actúa como mediador entre estas variables. No se encontró un efecto del sexismo en la autoeficacia ni en la persistencia académica. Tampoco es posible establecer causalidad entre las variables de estudio. Se concluye que el sexismo experimentado por las estudiantes tiene repercusiones negativas en el apoyo social percibido y este, a su vez, se relaciona negativamente con el malestar psicológico. Esto podría repercutir en la adaptación al contexto de estudio, capacidad de generar vínculos y la sensación de pertenencia al contexto educativo de las estudiantes.
Análise do processo de exportação em uma microempresa do ramo de fruticultura situada em Tomé-Açu/PA
Authors: Galvão Maria Yolanda Rodrigues , Leão Mikaeli da Silva , Santos Jordy Lopes dos , Moura Eduardo Renan Rodrigues , Moreira Islane Chaves , Torres Edna Araújo
Published: July 2024

Internacionalizar as atividades de uma empresa envolve expandir suas operações para o mercado externo. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os procedimentos necessários para uma microempresa do setor de fruticultura, localizada no município de Tomé-Açu, Pará, para exportar seus produtos. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como estudo de caso, adotando uma abordagem descritiva, qualitativa e bibliográfica. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados um protocolo e um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, dividida em dois blocos: o primeiro com questões sociodemográficas e o segundo com dez perguntas específicas. Participaram voluntariamente da análise um sócio e dois gerentes da empresa, todos do sexo masculino e com idades entre 20 a 30 anos, apresentando um nível de escolaridade relativamente baixo em comparação com os cargos que ocupavam. A análise de conteúdo permitiu identificar padrões e temas recorrentes nas respostas dos entrevistados na fase dois, enquadrando-se como o tipo de análise. Os resultados indicaram possíveis obstáculos futuros para o processo decisório, especialmente no que diz respeito aos trâmites burocráticos necessários para realizar as transações de mercadorias. Concluiu-se que a empresa precisa incentivar a participação de todos os colaboradores no processo de tomada de decisão, pois novas ideias podem enriquecer o cotidiano empresarial e garantir o alcance dos objetivos estabelecidos.
Perfil físico-químico do mel de abelhas (Apis melífera L.) produzido no Distrito Federal
Authors: Rosa Andréia Alves , Moreira Ivaldo de Sousa , Soares João Paulo Guimarães , Junqueira Ana Maria Resende , Rosa Artur Guerra
Published: July 2024

O mel é um alimento produzido pelas abelhas melíferas a partir do néctar das flores ou secreções provenientes das partes vivas de plantas. Trata-se de um composto biológico muito complexo e de grande diversidade. Para determinar suas características físico-químicas, 32 amostras de mel de Apis mellifera foram coletadas em três regiões do Distrito Federal. O estudo teve como objetivo determinar a qualidade do mel, por meio de testes de fraudes, e condições higiênico sanitárias de amostras de mel produzidas e comercializadas por agricultores familiares do Distrito Federal. O estudo consistiu em análises físico-químicas qualitativas (reações de Fiehe, Lund e Lugol), para a detecção de fraudes, e de condições higiênico-sanitárias, com análises microbiológicas. As amostras foram analisadas no Laboratório de Alimentos, da Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, da Universidade de Brasília. Os resultados demonstraram que apesar da presença de fraudes em algumas amostras, a grande maioria delas cumpre as exigências da legislação.
Impact of Accelerated Antimicrobial Testing on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Septicaemia Patients: A Prospective Observational Study form a Tertiary Care Centre in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Avula Renuka Devi , Jakkula Haritha , Kammineni Chakrapani
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Bloodstream infection is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Timely reporting of blood culture results is of utmost importance for better patient outcomes. The recently introduced Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (RAST) method is poised to profoundly influence clinical outcomes. Aim: To compare the results of RAST with Standard Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (SAST) and evaluate the impact of RAST reporting on the clinical management of septicaemia patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India from May 2021 to September 2022. All positive blood culture bottles with only a single morphotype in gram staining were further processed using the RAST method, followed by conventional identification and SAST. Categorical agreement and disagreement between the RAST and SAST results were compared, along with the difference in the time at which results were available. Results: Out of a total of 1,146 blood cultures received, 228 were flagged as positive. A total of 514 isolate and antimicrobial agent combinations were evaluated, of which 496 (96.5%) showed categorical agreement. Only 18 (3.5%) showed categorical disagreement, with the majority being Major Errors (ME) (1.56%), followed by Very Major Errors (VME) (0.97%) and minor Errors (mE) (0.97%). Conclusion: RAST results demonstrated strong concurrence with SAST results. RAST is affordable, fast, and flexible and can potentially lead to a considerably shortened time for AST results to reach the bedside of the patient. This enables rapid modifications and adjustments in antibiotic therapy, including both escalation and de-escalation.
Impact of Drought on the Livelihoods of Farmers in Western Odisha: A Comparison Between Drought and Non-Drought Years
Authors: Swain Devi Prasanna , Goswami Arunasis , Das Bhabesh Chandra , Singh Birendra Pratap , Govil Kumar , Sant Suman
Published: July 2024

The agriculture of our country is increasingly affected due to the irregular climatic variations like drought, flood, etc. which is causing great distress to agriculture farmers financially, socially and emotionally during the period. The present study was undertaken to assess the impact of drought on livelihood of agriculture farmers in drought versus non-drought years in drought prone western Odisha. 194 respondents engaged in agriculture farming as their primary occupation were selected randomly from 3 districts of Western Odisha by stratified random sampling. Ten pertinent questions were selected after due consultation with different stakeholders of the agricultural sector, Govt. officials, University faculties and experts of the field to study the impact of drought. The questions were designed to be answered either in yes or no, which were related to the social, economic, food security and family responsibilities of the agricultural farmer and his family. It was found that the respondents were not able to meet the basic requirements in drought years which could be achieved in non-drought years through agricultural operations. This study also indicated that the basic needs like food, medicine and social needs are severely affected in the drought hit years as compared to the non-drought years. The famers were not even able to purchase medicines in drought hit years. The farmers showed their inability to take care of the basic needs of family during drought. The Government of Odisha may promote secondary sources of livelihood generating options like dairy farming, poultry farming, beekeeping, goat farming, etc., in the drought affected districts of Odisha along with agriculture for meeting basic needs of life during drought period.
Influence of Certain Biostimulants on the Vegetative Growth of Annual Moringa (Moringa oleifera. Lam)
Authors: F. M Huria, , Shaaban E. H. , Gaber M. K.
Published: July 2024

Due to the importance of moringa leaves which can help improve the dietary diversity and quality of households that need to improve their nutritional intake, being a potential alternate source of protein, and for the sake of increasing its growth and yield, this study is determine the effect of some biofertilizers, amino acids and seaweed extract on vegetative growth of moringa  seedlings As well as, to find out the best fertilization treatment to improve the vegetative growth of Moringa and reducing the intensive use of chemical fertilizers. This study was conducted in the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha), Alexandria University, Egypt, during two consecutive seasons of 2020 and 2021, to study the effect of biofertilizers, amino acids, and seaweed extract and its combinations on the growth of Moringa (Moringa oleifera, L.). The experiment was designed as split-split plot design it included 27 treatments with three replicates. The results revealed that the highest significant values of vegetative growth as plant height (171.8 cm), stem length (87.30 cm), stem diameter (3.49 cm), leaves fresh weight (70.61 g), leaves dry weight (13.35g), number of leaves per plant (72.03), and number of leaves per shoot (54.41) were achieved when the trees were soil bio-fertilized and sprayed with the investigated amino acid 700 mg/l + seaweed extract 700 mg/l + cerealine (T26) for both seasons of study. While the number of branches per plant (15.28), shoot fresh weight (138.1g), and shoot dry weight (24.07g) were concerned, the highest values were obtained when the plants were treated with soil bio-fertilization (Phosphorine), sprayed with amino acids, and seaweed extract, as the abovementioned treatments, amino acid 700 mg/l + seaweed extract 700 mg/l + Phosphorine (T25), for both seasons of study compared to the other treatments and control.
A Systematic Review on Prototheca spp. Infections in the Human Central Nervous System and Evaluation of Therapeutic Drug Approaches
Authors: Norberg Antonio Neres , Norberg Paulo Roberto Blanco Moreira , Manhães Fernanda Castro , Mangiavacchi Bianca Magnelli , Faial Lígia Cordeiro Matos , Campos Ivy de , Filho Renato Mataveli Ferreira , Matos Alcemar Antônio Lopes de , Viana Kelen Salaroli , Boechat Julio Cesar dos Santos , Arêas Juliana Toledo Campos
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim: Prototheca is a genus of unicellular, non-photosynthetic microalgae found in diverse environments, including water, soil, and the intestinal microbiota of animals and humans. They are the only algae pathogenic to humans. Infections of the Central Nervous System (CNS) by Prototheca spp. are rare but severe. This research aims to systematically review the pathogenic potential of Prototheca spp. as CNS infectious agents in humans, identify underlying conditions that contribute to disease development, and evaluate the most suitable drug therapy alternatives for this clinical condition.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. Search terms included "Prototheca," "Central Nervous System," "meningitis," "encephalitis," "meningoencephalitis," and "brain." Manuscripts published in English, Portuguese, Spanish, and Russian from 1981 to 2024 were reviewed.
Results: The review identified 15 case reports of CNS infections by Prototheca spp. described in 14 scientific articles. Three species were implicated: Prototheca wickerhamii, Prototheca zopfii, and Prototheca trispora, with Prototheca wickerhamii being the most prevalent (66.6%). Only four patients were immunocompromised. A significant association was found between hydrocephalus in children and vulnerability to CNS protothecosis, accounting for 20% of cases. All fatal cases occurred in immunocompromised patients. Resistance profile analysis showed 88.9% susceptibility to amphotericin B and susceptibility to two triazoles (voriconazole and isavuconazole) that cross the blood-brain barrier.
Conclusion: Immunodeficiency is not a prerequisite for susceptibility to CNS infections by Prototheca spp., but it predicts an unfavorable prognosis. The most promising treatments are combinations of amphotericin B with tetracyclines or isavuconazole. Dosage adjustments are necessary due to the toxicity of long-term algicidal antifungal treatments, posing a challenge in managing drug therapy.
A Comprehensive Review on Entomovectoring in Agroecosystem
Authors: Kumar Hemant , Verma Sweta , J S Rupali , E Vidya Madhuri , Chandel Anamika , Sagar Doddachowdappa
Published: July 2024

Protecting beneficial arthropods is essential, as they provide crucial services beyond pollination, including disease and insect pest management. The combination of several ecosystem services for agricultural sustainability requires the recognition that biodiversity is coupled with bio-complexity, productivity, resilience, and ecosystem functionality. Insects such as bumblebees, mason bees, and honey bees have long been employed professionally for pollination, likewise microbial biocontrol agents are frequently employed in pest management. A key aspect of pollination ecology is entomovectoring technology that utilizes managed bees to disseminate biocontrol agents to flowering crops. This can enhance crop yields by providing non-chemical protection against pests and diseases as well as enhancing pollination efficiency. This technology is based on bee management, manipulation of bee behaviour, components of cropping system, plant-pathogen-vector-antagonist system which can be a trend-breaking pest management system in agriculture and will give double benefit to agriculture i.e. crop pollination and crop protection acting together for increased crop yield and quality.
Advances in Vertical Farming: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Mishra Nikita , Hangshing Lamneithem , Kadam Darshan Shashank , Tapang Tage , S Shameena
Published: July 2024

Vertical farming has emerged as a promising solution to address the challenges of food security, sustainability, and urbanization in the 21st century. This innovative approach to agriculture involves growing crops in vertically stacked layers within controlled environments, optimizing space, resources, and yields. Vertical farming represents a significant innovation in agriculture, designed to meet the challenges of urban food production with enhanced efficiency and sustainability. This study examines recent technological advancements in vertical farming, emphasizing methods such as automation. By growing crops in vertically stacked layers within controlled environments, vertical farming maximizes space utilization and minimizes resource consumption. The results indicate substantial improvements in crop yields and quality, along with reduced water and pesticide use. Additionally, the proximity of vertical farms to urban centers shortens supply chains, lowering transportation costs and carbon emissions. The discussion highlights the economic benefits, including year-round production and premium pricing for pesticide-free produce, alongside the challenges of high initial investments and energy demands. The environmental impacts are also considered, noting significant reductions in land use and water consumption compared to traditional farming. This review underscores the potential of vertical farming to contribute to global food security and sustainable urban development, while addressing the need for further research and collaboration to overcome existing barriers. The findings suggest that continued innovation and supportive policies are crucial for the widespread adoption and success of vertical farming practices.
Observed crustal uplift near the Southern Patagonian Icefield constrains improved viscoelastic Earth models
Authors: Lange H. , Casassa G. , Ivins E. R. , Schröder L. , Fritsche M. , Richter A. , Groh A. , Dietrich R.
Published: January 2014

Thirty‒one GPS geodetic measurements of crustal uplift in southernmost South America determined extraordinarily high trend rates (> 35 mm/yr) in the north‒central part of the Southern Patagonian Icefield. These trends have a coherent pattern, motivating a refined viscoelastic glacial isostatic adjustment model to explain the observations. Two end‒member models provide good fits: both require a lithospheric thickness of 36.5 ± 5.3 km. However, one end‒member has a mantle viscosity near η =1.6 ×1018 Pa s and an ice collapse rate from the Little Ice Age (LIA) maximum comparable to a lowest recent estimate of 1995–2012 ice loss at about −11 Gt/yr. In contrast, the other end‒member has much larger viscosity: η = 8.0 ×1018 Pa s, half the post–LIA collapse rate, and a steadily rising loss rate in the twentieth century after AD 1943, reaching −25.9 Gt/yr during 1995–2012.
Net CO2 surface emissions at Bern, Switzerland inferred from ambient observations of CO2, δ(O2/N2), and 222Rn using a customized radon tracer inversion
Authors: van der Laan S. , van der Laan‐Luijkx I. T. , Zimmermann L. , Conen F. , Leuenberger M.
Published: January 2014

The 222Radon tracer method is a powerful tool to estimate local and regional surface emissions of, e.g., greenhouse gases. In this paper we demonstrate that in practice, the method as it is commonly used, produces inaccurate results in case of nonhomogeneously spread emission sources, and we propose a different approach to account for this. We have applied the new methodology to ambient observations of CO2 and 222Radon to estimate CO2 surface emissions for the city of Bern, Switzerland. Furthermore, by utilizing combined measurements of CO2 and δ(O2/N2) we obtain valuable information about the spatial and temporal variability of the main emission sources. Mean net CO2 emissions based on 2 years of observations are estimated at (11.2 ± 2.9) kt km−2 a−1. Oxidative ratios indicate a significant influence from the regional biosphere in summer/spring and fossil fuel combustion processes in winter/autumn. Our data indicate that the emissions from fossil fuels are, to a large degree, related to the combustion of natural gas which is used for heating purposes.