bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound evaluation of the renal pelvis in cats with ureteral obstruction treated with a subcutaneous ureteral bypass: a retrospective study of 27 cases (2010–2015)
Authors: Fages Julien , Dunn Marilyn , Specchi Swan , Pey Pascaline
Published: October 2017

Objectives

The objective of the study was to measure the preoperative and postoperative renal pelvic size and describe the ultrasound findings following successful decompression of a ureteral obstruction using the subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) device in cats.

Methods

This retrospective study assessed the measurement of the renal pelvis of 27 cats with unilateral (n = 21) or bilateral (n = 6) ureteral obstruction before (pre-t0) and after placement of a SUB during short- (before t0 + 3 months) and long-term (after t0 + 3 months) follow-up. Several qualitative ultrasound parameters were recorded for each cat. At both intervals, the last ultrasound examination was used for qualitative criteria and the mean pelvic size was recorded. The complications observed during follow-up were divided into obstructive and non-obstructive.

Results

No qualitative ultrasound parameter was statistically significant. The presence of retroperitoneal or peritoneal effusion was rarely seen (n = 4/25 during the short term and n = 1/14 during the long term). Hyperechogenicity of the perirenal adipose tissue decreased in the long term. A statistically significant decrease in the width of the renal pelvis was noted in the short- (2.4 mm, range 0–7.0 mm) and long-term (1.7 mm, range 0–3.5 mm) follow-ups compared with the preoperative value (11.7 mm, range 0.9–41 mm). Three months following SUB placement, each cat without an obstructive complication had a pelvic width ⩽3.5 mm.

Conclusions and relevance

Renal pelvic distension is at least partially reversible when ureteral obstruction is treated by placement of a SUB. Ultrasound monitoring is a useful tool to detect obstructive complications.
The Cultural Heritage in the Postindustrial Waterfront: A Case Study of the South Bank of the Tagus Estuary, Portugal
Authors: Fernandes André , Figueira de Sousa João , Salvador Regina
Published: October 2017

In examining the process of waterfront revitalization of the South bank of the Tagus Estuary during the postindustrial era, it is possible to discern a commitment to appropriation and valorization of heritage and cultural identity inherited from preceding economic cycles. Using a qualitative approach, backed up by a detailed analysis of territorial planning instruments, strategic documents, and intervention projects, we identify three main ways of appropriation, aimed to add value to the heritage and cultural identity, considering them as follows: (a) resources for the promotion of various activities, (b) drivers in strengthening territorial identity, and (c) elements of territorial differentiation. Analyzing these aspects, the article presents a proposal for the classification of the actions proposed for their implementation, namely: conservation of cultural heritage, adaptation of heritage to new uses and functions, appropriation of symbolic elements, promotion of cultural events, and raising awareness of cultural heritage among local communities.
Microstructure evolution and torsional fretting fatigue damage mechanism of 316L austenitic stainless steel at different torques
Authors: Xu Zhibiao , Peng Jinfang , Liu Jianhua , Liu Xiyang , Zhang Wulin , Cai Zhenbing , Zhu Minhao
Published: October 2017

In this study, the torsional fretting fatigue experiments are carried out on a multiaxis fatigue testing machine under a sinusoid torque to investigate the fretting damage mechanism of 316L austenitic stainless steel. The S-N curve of torsional fretting fatigue displays different characteristics than that of the plain fatigue curve. After test, the fretting damage zones are analyzed in detail using scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The transmission electron microscopic analyses show that there are two types of evolution in the dislocation structures: deformation twin system and cellular structure. With the increase in the torsional stress amplitudes, the dislocation structure changes from deformation twin system into walls-and-channel structures, finally evolving into cellular structures.
Genetic risk factors for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gianfrancesco Milena A , Stridh Pernilla , Shao Xiaorong , Rhead Brooke , Graves Jennifer S , Chitnis Tanuja , Waldman Amy , Lotze Timothy , Schreiner Teri , Belman Anita , Greenberg Benjamin , Weinstock–Guttman Bianca , Aaen Gregory , Tillema Jan M , Hart Janace , Caillier Stacy , Ness Jayne , Harris Yolanda , Rubin Jennifer , Candee Meghan , Krupp Lauren , Gorman Mark , Benson Leslie , Rodriguez Moses , Mar Soe , Kahn Ilana , Rose John , Roalstad Shelly , Casper T Charles , Shen Ling , Quach Hong , Quach Diana , Hillert Jan , Hedstrom Anna , Olsson Tomas , Kockum Ingrid , Alfredsson Lars , Schaefer Catherine , Barcellos Lisa F , Waubant Emmanuelle ,   for the Network of Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Centers
Published: October 2017

Background:

Strong evidence supports the role of both genetic and environmental factors in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) etiology.

Objective:

We comprehensively investigated the association between established major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and non-MHC adult multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated variants and susceptibility to POMS.

Methods:

Cases with onset <18 years ( n = 569) and controls ( n = 16,251) were included from the United States and Sweden. Adjusted logistic regression and meta-analyses were performed for individual risk variants and a weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) for non-MHC variants. Results were compared to adult MS cases ( n = 7588).

Results:

HLA–DRB1*15:01 was strongly associated with POMS (odds ratio (OR)meta = 2.95, p < 2.0 × 10−16). Furthermore, 28 of 104 non-MHC variants studied (23%) were associated ( p < 0.05); POMS cases carried, on average, a higher burden of these 28 variants compared to adults (ORavg = 1.24 vs 1.13, respectively), though the difference was not significant. The wGRS was strongly associated with POMS (ORmeta = 2.77, 95% confidence interval: 2.33, 3.32, p < 2.0 × 10−16) and higher, on average, when compared to adult cases. Additional class III risk variants in the MHC region associated with POMS were revealed after accounting for HLA–DRB1*15:01 and HLA–A*02.

Conclusion:

Pediatric and adult MS share many genetic variants suggesting similar biological processes are present. MHC variants beyond HLA–DRB1*15:01 and HLA–A*02 are also associated with POMS.
A population-based prospective study of optic neuritis
Authors: Soelberg K , Jarius S , Skejoe HPB , Engberg H , Mehlsen JJ , Nilsson AC , Madsen JS , Reindl M , Wildemann B , Grauslund J , Kyvik KO , Smith TJ , Lillevang ST , Paul F , Weinshenker BG , Asgari N
Published: October 2017

Background:

Optic neuritis (ON) is often associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Early diagnosis is critical to optimal patient management.

Objective:

To estimate the incidence of acute ON and the rates of conversion to MS and antibody-mediated ON.

Method:

Population-based prospective study was performed in patients with ON from three ophthalmological departments and 44 practicing ophthalmologists from 2014 to 2016. Ophthalmological and neurological examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), determination of aquaporin-4(AQP4)-IgG and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG were investigated blindly.

Results:

In all, 63 patients were evaluated and 51 fulfilled the criteria for ON. All were Caucasian, with female:male ratio of 2.2:1 and a median age of 38 years (16–66); 44 (86%) had a single episode of ON (four bilateral), while 7/51 (14%) had recurrent ON. The overall age-specific incidence was 3.28 (2.44–4.31) per 100,000 person years, 2.02 for men and 4.57 for women. At follow-up, 20 patients met the diagnostic criteria for MS, MRI lesions disseminated in space and time in 17/20 patients. AQP4-IgG was detected in none, MOG-IgG was detected in two patients.

Conclusion:

The prospective incidence of ON was estimated. MRI enabled a diagnosis of MS in a subgroup of patients. Antibody-mediated ON with specificity for MOG was detected in 4% of cases.
Negotiating effectiveness in transnational advocacy evaluation
Authors: Arensman Bodille , van Wessel Margit
Published: October 2017

International development organizations increasingly use advocacy as a strategy to pursue effectiveness. However, establishing the effectiveness of advocacy is problematic and dependent on the interpretations of the stakeholders involved, as well as the interactions between them. This article challenges the idea of objective and rational evaluation, showing that advocacy evaluation is an inherently political process in which space for interactions around methods, processes and results defines how effectiveness is interpreted, measured and presented. In addition, this article demonstrates how this space for interaction contributes to the quality and accuracy of evaluating advocacy effectiveness by providing room to explore and address the multiplicities of meaning around identifying, measuring and presenting outcomes.
Enjoyment of exercise among people with arthritis: An inductive thematic analysis
Authors: Kibblewhite Julia R , Treharne Gareth J , Stebbings Simon , Hegarty Roisin SM
Published: October 2017

Past research into exercise among people with long-term health conditions has paid surprisingly little attention to the concept of enjoyment. This study explored enjoyment of exercise among people with arthritis. Semi-structured interviews were held with 12 participants aged 20–85 years. The transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Four themes were identified: enjoyment of exercise in relation to other people, benefits of exercise in relation to enjoyment, working around barriers to enjoy exercise and finding an enjoyable balance to exercise. These themes highlight the relevance of enjoyment and how it could feature in advice about exercise for people with arthritis.
Flexible fiber-reinforced plastic formworks for the production of curved textile-reinforced concrete
Authors: Gelbrich Sandra , Funke Henrik L , Ehrlich Andreas , Kroll Lothar
Published: October 2017

A new constructive and technological approach was developed for the efficient production of large-dimensioned, curved freeform formworks, which allows the manufacturing of single- and double-curved textile-reinforced concrete elements. The approach is based on a flexible, multi-layered formwork system, which consists of glass fiber–reinforced plastic. Using the unusual structural behavior caused by anisotropy, these glass fiber–reinforced plastic formwork elements permit a specific adjustment of defined curvature. The system design of the developed glass fiber–reinforced plastic formwork and the concrete-lightweight-elements with stabilized spacer fabric was examined exhaustively. Prototypical curved freeform surfaces with different curvature radii were designed, numerically computed, and produced. Furthermore, the fabric’s contour accuracy of the fabric was verified, and its integration was adjusted to loads. The developed textile-reinforced concrete had a high three-point bending tensile strength. Beyond that it was ensured that the textile-reinforced concrete had a high durability, which has been shown by the capillary suction of deicing solution and freeze–thaw test with a low amount of scaled material and a relative dynamic E-modulus of 100% after 28 freeze–thaw cycles.
Representations of refugees and asylum seekers during the 2013 federal election
Authors: Lippi Kehla , McKay Fiona H , McKenzie Hayley J
Published: October 2017

Immigration policy, arrival modes, human rights, and international obligations have all been part of the debate that has ensued over the Australian Government’s policy response towards refugees and asylum seekers. This debate was a central campaign focus in the lead up to the 2013 Australian federal election and was accompanied by extensive media coverage. This media coverage is a significant contributor to the representation of refugees and asylum seekers to the Australian public. This study explores how refugees and asylum seekers were represented in Australian print news media in the period immediately before and after the 2013 federal election. Using news framing and critical discourse analysis, this study examined 162 articles, published between 7 August and 8 October 2013, in Australian newspapers. The analysis revealed two opposing themes in the representation of asylum seekers: refugees and asylum seekers were represented as either a threat requiring a military intervention or as victims requiring management. The findings of this study demonstrate the ways in which the print media contribute to a polarised representation of refugees and asylum seekers and the potential deleterious effect of this dichotomous construction to an informed public opinion.
Reconstructing spatial narratives as a mode of action research and planning – Dialogical community actions of urban regeneration in the neighborhoods of Ka-la̍k-á, Taipei
Authors: Kang Min Jay
Published: October 2017

Urban regeneration has presented new opportunities and alternative routes of development for historical and marginalized communities in Taipei, while strategically avoiding wholesale renewal demolition of existing urban fabrics. Yet the neo-liberalist mode of regeneration meets local challenges of sustaining place identity and social inclusion in the declining but lively neighborhoods of Ka-la̍k-á, and the bottom-up initiatives, facilitated by the collaboration of academic practicum, planners in residency, and local residents and activists, adopt different tactics of narrative operations to reinstate Ka-la̍k-á’s identity grounded on its agricultural past and everyday-life stories of the community. From launching experimental filmic narratives to reiterating the narrative routes and reprogramming narrative spaces of the local, the action research of reconstructing narratives is regarded as the cornerstone of dialogical community planning to counterbalance the impending top–down implementation of urban renewal or regeneration projects. The premeditated methodology can also be applied as a dialogical tool for participatory planning and as spatial reconfiguration of social relations and community networks.
Companion Bills and Cross-Chamber Collaboration in the U.S. Congress
Authors: Kirkland Justin H. , Kroeger Mary A.
Published: October 2017

The U.S. House and Senate were designed to have an adversarial relationship. Yet, House members and senators often collaborate on the introduction of “companion” bills. We develop a theory of these cross-chamber collaborations, which asserts that companion bill introductions are driven by legislators’ desire to increase the probability of bill passage and the relational difficulties in developing companion bill partnerships. To test the expectations emerging from our theory, we develop a novel data set of every companion bill introduction in the 111th and 112th U.S. Congress. Then, using social networking techniques, we develop an empirical model of partner selection in companion bill introduction. Our results are supportive of our expectations, and suggest that companion bills are more likely to survive chamber deliberation and are typically introduced by senior members with secure electoral margins.
The Hidden Privilege in “Potty Politics”
Authors: Davis Alexander K.
Published: October 2017

The purpose, emergence, and accessibility of public restrooms in the U.S. have always involved battles over privacy, cleanliness, segregation, and legislation.
Glory and Gore
Authors: Rossman Gabriel
Published: October 2017

Who’s the most important character in the Iliad? That depends. Using the poem, Rossman illustrates how to understand related but conceptually distinct concepts through social network analysis.
Hope in the Sweatshops of Buenos Aires
Authors: Dewey Matías , Walker Katherine , Pabst Sarah
Published: October 2017

Dreaming and hustling in La Salada, Latin America’s largest low-cost garment marketplace.
News for free in the late-modern metropolis: An exploration of differentiated social worlds
Authors: Lamour Christian
Published: October 2017

The free daily papers, Metro and 20 Minutes, originally from Scandinavia, have conquered many national markets with a single recipe: short, illustrated and easily consumed content distributed in large urban areas during the morning or evening peak hours. However, could one say that the urban news mediatized by this press is structured according to the standardized infotainment and sensationalism objectives that are often associated with the commercial media? The research based on three case studies shows that these publications, which have a single logo and format worldwide, develop a specific, place-bound editorial line of exposing the most important risks perceived within late-modern cities by its reporters and their audiences. Interactionism and, more precisely, the ‘social world’ approach to a profession can help understand these differentiated representations of metropolitan dangers by offering a more place-bound and socio-anthropological perspective of journalism.
Clinical outcomes following primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction according to sex and race
Authors: Krishnamurthy Arvindra , Keeble Claire , Burton-Wood Natalie , Somers Kathryn , Anderson Michelle , Harland Charlotte , Baxter Paul D , McLenachan James M , Blaxill Jonathan M , Blackman Daniel J , Malkin Christopher J , Wheatcroft Stephen B , Greenwood John P
Published: October 2017

Background:

Female sex and South Asian race have been associated with poor clinical outcomes following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but remain understudied in large real-world series. We therefore investigated the association of sex and race with clinical outcomes following PPCI.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective study of all patients undergoing PPCI for STEMI between January 2009 and December 2011 at a large UK cardiac centre. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared according to sex and race using Chi-square test, independent samples Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test. Primary and secondary outcomes were 12-month major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) – defined as all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction and unplanned revascularization, analysed using Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.

Results:

Three thousand and forty-nine patients were included. Women ( n=826) were older than men ( n=2223) (median age 69 vs. 60 years, p <0.01). Mortality (hazard ratio 1.48 (1.15–1.90)) and MACE (hazard ratio 1.40 (1.14–1.72)) were higher in women in univariable analysis. However, there were no significant sex-differences in mortality or MACE after age-stratification alone. Multivariable analysis also showed no significant differences in outcomes between sexes. South Asians ( n=297) were younger but had a higher prevalence of most risk factors than White patients ( n=2570). Mortality and MACE did not differ significantly between South Asian and White patients in univariable or multivariable analysis.

Conclusion:

MACE and mortality was not greater in women, or in South Asian patients following PPCI after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors including age, which was most strongly associated with both outcomes.
Biochemical Effects of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana (Mill) on the Myocardium of Left Ventricle of High Salt–Fed Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Olushola Ayoola I. , Aderibigbe Komolafe O. , Stephen Saka O. , Ayodeji Odukoya S.
Published: October 2017

Background.

The cardioprotective effects of Persea americana extract was investigated on biochemical activities of high salt–fed adult Wistar rats in this study.

Method.

Forty healthy Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 120 to 150 g were randomly assigned into 8 groups of 5 rats each (groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H). Rats in groups A, F, G, and H were fed with standard laboratory pellets, while groups B, C, D, and E were fed on the high-salt diet for 4 weeks. Concomitantly, daily administration of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of the P americana extract were given orally to groups C and F, D and G, and E and H, respectively, while rats in groups A and B were administered distilled water. Blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture; concentration of sodium ion, potassium ion, nitric oxide, and activity of lactate dehydrogenase were determined. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze data, followed by Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test for multiple comparison.

Results.

Results revealed that concentration of potassium ion and nitric oxide was significantly lower ( P < .05) in high salt–fed groups. Sodium ion concentration and activity of lactate dehydrogenase were higher in high salt–fed group while P americana prevented biochemical perturbations in other experimental groups.

Conclusion.

In conclusion, high salt–diet induced biochemical alterations which were significantly protected by oral administration of P americana extract.
The Opioid Epidemic
Authors: Randolph Susan A.
Published: October 2017

The opioid crisis has been declared a national emergency. A multifaceted approach is needed to reduce opioid morbidity and mortality, and occupational health nurses should be actively involved in their workplaces.
The Analytic Lenses of Ethnography
Authors: Jerolmack Colin , Khan Shamus
Published: October 2017

It is almost axiomatic that there are two contrasting theoretical approaches to ethnography: induction and deduction. However, regardless of whether ethnographers build theory from observations (induction) or use observations to test theory (deduction), they approach the field armed with one or more particular analytic lens that leads them to focus on a distinct thread of the social fabric. We outline the suite of analytic lenses that typify ethnography and identify eight ideal types. Though not mutually exclusive, they can be usefully grouped and contrasted accordingly: (1) the level of explanation: micro, organizational, and macro; (2) the subject of explanation: people and places and mechanisms; (3) the location of explanation: dispositions and situations; and (4) reflexivity. We specify the basic modes of analysis that typify each ideal type, trace their implications for how one selects units of observation, and demonstrate how these different ethnographic styles illuminate different dimensions of the social world.
Anticipating water infrastructure renewal: A framing perspective on organizational learning in public agencies
Authors: Willems Jannes J , Busscher Tim , van den Brink Margo , Arts Jos
Published: October 2017

Water authorities in Western countries are increasingly confronted with waterway renewal. Ageing waterway infrastructures put the reliability of the existing network under pressure. Similarly, they open up the need to anticipate long-term uncertainties to ensure network performance. Aligning organizational practices to this new context can be considered an organizational learning process, which concerns improving current practices as well as reconsidering underlying values. Against the background of public management reforms, we aim to understand the organizational learning process in a case study of the Dutch authority Rijkswaterstaat, which is facing a major waterway renewal challenge. By developing a framing perspective on organizational learning, our analysis theoretically provides more insight into agencies anticipating change and empirically into waterway renewal in practice. Our research demonstrates that waterway renewal is primarily framed from a New Public Management viewpoint in which change is approached rather pragmatically. Accordingly, we observed a refinement of existing practice that protects the agency’s mission. Higher levels of learning were discarded as potentially disruptive to waterway management, leaving more fundamental change untouched. We therefore question to what extent water authorities are capable of fully addressing waterway renewal. Nevertheless, the repositioning process resulted in opportunities for reflecting on dominant frames and introducing new concepts. To better seize such opportunities and thus improve alignment to waterway renewal, water authorities can, in addition to improving existing practices, re-interpret dominant frames and construct a new narrative in which future, long-term uncertainties are acknowledged as inherent conditions for agencies to cope with.
A qualitative study of patients' experiences of participating in SPACE for COPD: a Self-management Programme of Activity, Coping and Education
Authors: Apps Lindsay D. , Harrison Samantha L. , Mitchell Katy E. , Williams Johanna E.A. , Hudson Nicky , Singh Sally J.
Published: October 2017

The aim of this study was to understand experiences of participation in a supported self-management programme for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is a wealth of clinical trials examining the outcomes of self-management interventions for individuals with COPD, but current understanding regarding patients' perspectives of such complex interventions is limited. Further insight may help to tailor self-management interventions and maximise patient engagement.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals participating in a self-management programme, SPACE for COPD. Interviews took place at 6 weeks and 6 months following the programme. Data were analysed at each time point using inductive thematic analysis, and subsequently re-examined together.

40 interviews were undertaken and four themes emerged from the analysis: perceptions of the programme; lifestyle changes; social support; and disrupting factors and barriers to maintaining routines.

SPACE for COPD was acceptable to participants in this study. The importance of education and social support was emphasised at both time points studied, but there were challenges such as comorbidities, ill health of family members and limited maintenance of exercise behaviours over the longer term. Further consideration of the role of carers and partners may help to improve adherence to self-management programmes once healthcare professional support has stopped.
Efficacy of ventilator waveform observation for detection of patient–ventilator asynchrony during NIV: a multicentre study
Authors: Longhini Federico , Colombo Davide , Pisani Lara , Idone Francesco , Chun Pan , Doorduin Jonne , Ling Liu , Alemani Moreno , Bruni Andrea , Zhaochen Jin , Tao Yu , Lu Weihua , Garofalo Eugenio , Carenzo Luca , Maggiore Salvatore Maurizio , Qiu Haibo , Heunks Leo , Antonelli Massimo , Nava Stefano , Navalesi Paolo
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to assess ability to identify asynchronies during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) through ventilator waveforms according to experience and interface, and to ascertain the influence of breathing pattern and respiratory drive on sensitivity and prevalence of asynchronies.

35 expert and 35 nonexpert physicians evaluated 40 5-min NIV reports displaying flow–time and airway pressure–time tracings; identified asynchronies were compared with those ascertained by three examiners who evaluated the same reports displaying, additionally, tracings of diaphragm electrical activity. We determined: 1) sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values; 2) the correlation between the double true index (DTI) of each report (i.e.,the ratio between the sum of true positives and true negatives, and the overall breath count) and the corresponding asynchrony index (AI); and 3) the influence of breathing pattern and respiratory drive on both AI and sensitivity.

Sensitivities to detect asynchronies were low either according to experience (0.20 (95% CI 0.14–0.29) for expertversus0.21 (95% CI 0.12–0.30) for nonexpert, p=0.837) or interface (0.28 (95% CI 0.17–0.37) for maskversus0.10 (95% CI 0.05–0.16) for helmet, p<0.0001). DTI inversely correlated with the AI (r2=0.67, p<0.0001). Breathing pattern and respiratory drive did not affect prevalence of asynchronies and sensitivity.

Patient–ventilator asynchrony during NIV is difficult to recognise solely by visual inspection of ventilator waveforms.
Fractalkine induces angiogenic potential in CX3CR1-expressing monocytes
Authors: Park Youngrok , Lee Joon , Kwak Jae-Yong , Noh Kyoungmi , Yim Eunjung , Kim Hyun-Kyung , Kim Young June , Broxmeyer Hal E , Kim Jeong-A
Published: October 2017

We report the unique role of CX3CL1 (or fractalkine) on CD11b+ myelomonocytic cells expressing CX3CR1, the only known receptor for CX3CL1, in promoting blood perfusion recovery. In a mouse ischemic hind-limb model, CD11b+CX3CR1+ cells migrated to ischemic femoral muscles through CX3CL1-mediated chemotaxis. CD11b+CX3CR1+ macrophages isolated from ischemic tissues [tissue (T)-CD11b+CX3CR1+] of muscle exert a proangiogenic effect through platelet factor-4 (CXCL4; PF-4) production. PF-4 does not promote angiogenesis by itself but, instead, increases VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Despite proangiogenic effects of muscle-derived T-CD11b+CX3CR1+ macrophages, their clinical implementation is limited because muscle excision is required for cell harvesting. Therefore, we focused on the more accessible bone marrow (BM)-CD11b+CX3CR1+ monocytes, which migrate from BM into ischemic muscles via CX3CL1-mediated chemotaxis. PF-4 expression was not detected in BM-CD11b+CX3CR1+ monocytes under normal conditions, but CX3CL1 (50 ng/ml) induced high PF-4 expression and enabled BM-CD11b+CX3CR1+ monocytes to achieve a similar angiogenic potential to that of T-CD11b+CX3CR1+ macrophages ex vivo. Furthermore, we were able to identify a subset of monocytes that express CD11b and CX3CR1 in human peripheral blood and confirmed the proangiogenic effect of CX3CL1 treatment. Thus, CX3CL1-treated CD11b+CX3CR1+ monocytes may be of potential therapeutic use to significantly accelerate recovery of blood perfusion in ischemic diseases.
Pseudo-analytical finite-difference elastic-wave extrapolation based on the k-space method
Authors: Gong Xufei , Du Qizhen , Zhao Qiang , Guo Chengfeng , Sun Pengyuan , Zhang Jianlei , Tian Zhenping
Published: October 2017

Cost-effective elastic-wave modeling is the key to practical elastic reverse time migration and full-waveform inversion implementations. We have developed an efficient elastic pseudo-analytical finite-difference (PAFD) scheme for elastic-wave extrapolation. The elastic PAFD scheme is based on a modified pseudo-spectral method, k-space method, in which a pseudo-analytical operator is used to ensure the high accuracy of elastic-wave extrapolation. However, the k-space method is motivated for a pure wave mode, and thus its application in coupled first-order elastic-wave equations may cause the elastic pseudo-analytical operators to suffer from crosstalk between the P- and S-wavefields. The approaches presented attempt to overcome these shortcomings by introducing two improvements to achieve the goal. This is done, first, by performing a predictor-corrector strategy in first-order elastic-wave equations to eliminate those errors during wave extrapolation. Considering the massive computational cost in the spectral domain, we have developed an efficient elastic PAFD implementation, in which an innovative model-adaptive finite-difference coefficient-predicted scheme is provided to reduce the computational cost of elastic pseudo-analytical operator differencing. Dispersion analysis demonstrates the flexibility with varying velocity and superior performance of our PAFD scheme for spatial and temporal dispersion suppression than the existing Taylor-expansion-based scheme. Under the same simulation parameters, several numerical examples prove that the elastic PAFD scheme can provide more accurate simulation results, whereas the conventional scheme suffers from spatial or temporal dispersion errors, even in complex heterogeneous media.
Variations of fluvial patterns and infilling history of a paleoincised valley system during Late Pleistocene to Holocene, Offshore Pahang River, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Rahman Md Mostafizur , Sathiamurthy Edlic , Zhong Guangfa , Geng Jianghua , Liu Zhifei
Published: October 2017

High-resolution 2D acoustic profiles, combined with time slices from a 3D data volume, were used to investigate the paleoincised valleys offshore of the present-day Pahang River, South China Sea. Paleovalleys were formed during the regressive phase of the last glacial cycle. They were submerged and possibly filled during valley formation and postglacial marine transgression. Interpretation of acoustic profiles illustrates that the valleys were incised and infilled during the regression and low stand followed by subsequent deglacial sea-level rise. They were overlain by a transgressive ravinement surface suggesting transitional deposits between fluvial-dominated filling and shallow-marine deposition. This ravinement surface is overlain by Holocene shallow marine deposits. A low-sinuosity low-stand valley system changed to a high-sinuosity meander belt and eventually evolved into a deltaic distributary channel system before the complete submergence of the area. The average Late Pleistocene surface lies between 53 and 64 m below present-day mean sea level in the study area with approximately 16–50 m of valley incision. The Holocene shallow marine cover thickness varies from 5 to 10 m.
Two-Stage Technique Used to Manage Severe Upper Airway Obstruction and Avoid Surgical Tracheostomy: A Case Report
Authors: Onwochei Desire N. , El-Boghdadly Kariem , Ahmad Imran
Published: October 2017

Severe upper airway obstruction is commonly managed with surgical tracheostomy under local anesthesia. We present a 49-year-old woman with postradiotherapy laryngeal fixation and transglottic stenosis for dilation of a pharyngeal stricture who refused elective tracheostomy. A 2-stage technique was used, which involved an awake fiberoptic intubation, followed by the transtracheal insertion of a Cricath needle and ventilation using an ejector-based Ventrain device. We discuss management aspects of this clinical scenario and the principles by which the Ventrain works.
Clown- o palhaço como intervenção e humanização em saúde
Authors: Silva Cristiane Pavanello Rodrigues , Da Conceição Ana Paula , Chagas Ana Paula dos Santos
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A humanização na saúde é uma relação efetiva de cuidados, que se evidenciam na acolhida, na sensibilidade, no respeito e na compreensão do doente e não somente da doença. Ressalta-se a importância do voluntariado nas organizações, cujo trabalho pode beneficiar a transformação do ambiente na direção da humanização. Objetivo: descrever a percepção dos participantes do grupo de voluntários “Doutoralhaços” com o trabalho de Clown como intervenção na saúde. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, de campo, com análise de conteúdo, em São Paulo, amostra de 13 participantes. Foi aplicado instrumento específico: dados sociodemográficos e questionário aberto, estruturado, para avaliação da percepção dos voluntários. Resultados: Houve 56,5% de adesão, com 100% de percepção “satisfatória” com o trabalho do grupo com ênfase na humanização e na integração; 33% citaram a percepção da melhora na resposta ao tratamento, 61,5% referiram não ter dificuldades relacionadas aos profissionais de saúde, com boa receptividade, ênfase na importância da humanização, presente no trabalho voluntário; ficou evidente o reconhecimento do grupo perante os profissionais; 11,8% dos participantes relataram a necessidade de atenção e humanização, também, para os familiares e profissionais da saúde, de forma lúdica, com redução do foco no estresse da dor e da doença. Conclusão: a humanização é ponto chave do bem-estar do paciente, um olhar holístico para além da doença, para um ser biopsicossocial e espiritual. A intervenção de saúde, por meio do Clown, é factível no ambiente hospitalar à medida que permite humanizar e estimular a recuperação do ser humano de forma ampla e integrada.
Cuidados pré-natais e puerperais às gestantes de um centro de saúde de Minas Gerais quanto ao risco de pré-eclâmpsia: aspectos clínicos, nutricionais e terapêuticos
Authors: Da Silva Patrick Leonardo Nogueira , De Oliveira Jéssica Soares , Santos Aline Patrícia Oliveira , Vaz Maria Dolores Tiago
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A pré-eclâmpsia é uma condição específica da gestação que envolve a falência de diversos órgãos e está associada à hipertensão, à retenção generalizada de líquido (edema) e à proteinúria. Trata-se de uma patologia obstétrica que surge após a vigésima semana de gestação, sendo mais frequente no terceiro trimestre, e que se estende até o puerpério. Objetivo: Avaliar os aspectos clínicos, nutricionais e terapêuticos nos cuidados pré-natais e puerperais às gestantes de um centro de saúde de Minas Gerais quanto ao risco de pré-eclâmpsia. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, documental, com abordagem quantitativa realizado em um centro de saúde, em que a amostra foi composta por 36 mulheres em acompanhamento pré-natal e puerperal. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado como instrumento de coleta de dados. Utilizou-se, ainda, o prontuário clínico de atendimento ambulatorial e o cartão da gestante para a captação dos dados. O tratamento estatístico se deu por meio de epidemiologia descritiva simples não paramétrica e não probabilística. Resultados: Houve prevalência de gestantes jovens; com idade entre 18-24 anos; primigestas; sem acompanhamento puerperal, antecedentes familiares e pessoais de doença hipertensiva. Houve predomínio de quatro refeições diárias com restrições hipersódicas. Apenas 10,8% utilizavam plantas medicinais, faziam uso de polifarmácia devido à sintomatologia múltipla da gestação, e manifestavam condutas quanto ao tratamento de modo a gerar falhas e comprometer a evolução gestacional. Conclusão: Há falhas no acompanhamento profissional à gestante em nível de Atenção Primária à Saúde, principalmente no que diz respeito à terapêutica, de modo a comprometer a qualidade da gravidez.
Capturing the systemic immune signature of a norovirus infection: an n-of-1 case study within a clinical trial
Authors: Cutler Antony J. , Oliveira Joao , Ferreira Ricardo C. , Challis Ben , Walker Neil M. , Caddy Sarah , Lu Jia , Stevens Helen E. , Smyth Deborah J. , Pekalski Marcin L. , Kennet Jane , Hunter Kara M.D. , Goodfellow Ian , Wicker Linda S. , Todd John A. , Waldron-Lynch Frank
Published: October 2017

Background: The infection of a participant with norovirus during the adaptive study of interleukin-2 dose on regulatory T cells in type 1 diabetes (DILT1D) allowed a detailed insight into the cellular and cytokine immune responses to this prevalent gastrointestinal pathogen.

Methods: Serial blood, serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were collected pre-, and post-development of the infection. To differentiate between the immune response to norovirus and to control for the administration of a single dose of aldesleukin (recombinant interleukin-2, rIL-2) alone, samples from five non-infected participants administered similar doses were analysed in parallel.

Results: Norovirus infection was self-limited and resolved within 24 hours, with the subsequent development of anti-norovirus antibodies. Serum pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, including IL-10, peaked during the symptomatic period of infection, coincident with increased frequencies of monocytes and neutrophils. At the same time, the frequency of regulatory CD4+T cell (Treg), effector T cell (Teff) CD4+and CD8+subsets were dynamically reduced, rebounding to baseline levels or above at the next sampling point 24 hours later.  NK cells and NKT cells transiently increased CD69 expression and classical monocytes expressed increased levels of CD40, HLA-DR and SIGLEC-1, biomarkers of an interferon response. We also observed activation and mobilisation of Teffs, where increased frequencies of CD69+and Ki-67+effector memory Teffs were followed by the emergence of memory CD8+Teff expressing the mucosal tissue homing markers CD103 and β7 integrin. Treg responses were coincident with the innate cell, Teff and cytokine response. Key Treg molecules FOXP3, CTLA-4, and CD25 were upregulated following infection, alongside an increase in frequency of Tregs with the capacity to home to tissues.

Conclusions: The results illustrate the innate, adaptive and counter-regulatory immune responses to norovirus infection. Low-dose IL-2 administration induces many of the Treg responses observed during infection.
СЕТЕВОЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ТОРГОВЫХ ЦЕНТРОВ: АЛГОРИТМ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ И МЕТОДИКА ОЦЕНКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ
Authors: Danilov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2017

Несмотря на важную роль торговых центров в современном обществе и на их сетевую природу, до сих пор не было предложено методического аппарата для поддержки внедрения сетевого инструментария в деятельность торговых центров. В данной статье поставлена задача разработка такого аппарата.В работе предложен алгоритм внедрения сетевого инструментария из пяти этапов. Для каждого этапа даны подробные комментарии и рекомендации по применению. Предложен перечень показателей для оценки экономического эффекта от применения сетевого инструментария. Дана шкала определения итоговой эффективности мероприятий по внедрению сетевого инструментария. Дана диагностическая матрица, позволяющая оценить эффективность организации при внедрении сетевого инструментария.
ОЦЕНКА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО УЩЕРБА В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ СИБИРСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА ПОД ДЕЙСТВИЕМ ПРИРОДНЫХ И ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ
Authors: Ignateva Anna Vladimirovna
Published: October 2017

В работе рассмотрены условия развития сельского хозяйства в регионах Сибирского федерального округа (СФО) за период с 1990 по 2013 гг. под действием чрезвычайных ситуаций (ЧС). Приведен ряд факторов, влияющих на развитие отраслей сельского хозяйства в различных регионах СФО. В ходе исследования на разработанной схеме наглядно отражен процесс взаимодействия сельского хозяйства региона и общества. Отражены экономические потери отраслей сельского хозяйства региона от действия чрезвычайных ситуаций.Цель – оценить потенциал устойчивого развития сельского хозяйства в регионах Сибирского федерального округа (СФО) и его изменение под действием природно-техногенных чрезвычайных ситуаций.Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались экономико-математические методы, а также статистические методы анализа.Результаты: получены наиболее информативные параметры, показывающие современное положение сельского хозяйства в регионах СФО и перспективы устойчивого развития.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическими субъектами, осуществляющими сельскохозяйственное производство в регионах СФО.
Center for Youth Innovation Creativity As a Tool for Profiling in the InformaticsField
Authors: Зубрилин Андрей , Zubrilin Andrey , Карандаева Анастасия , Karandaeva Anastasiya
Published: October 2017

The article shows how to involve the Centers of Youth Innovation Creativity in order to involve schoolchildren in studying robotics and demonstrating the importance of the computer science course taught at school. The variants of tasks on learning algorithmic constructions through programming of robots are given.
Two fresh opportunities to learn from experienced nurses in aesthetics
Authors: Burgess Paul
Published: October 2017

As the British Association of Cosmetic Nurses (BACN) enters a new 3-year cycle, Paul Burgess introduces two practical educational opportunities for nurses specialising in medical aesthetics. As the BACN is getting ready to roll out its shadowing programme and a trio of modules for those who are just starting out in the sector, its CEO shares the objectives for both of these initiatives
Retail techniques: how to adapt them to a clinical environment
Authors: Hool Claire
Published: October 2017

Many aesthetic practitioners come from a spa, salon or retail background, and bring with them a wealth of sales expertise. However, if not managed correctly, this kind of experience can be inappropriate for a medical environment. Claire Hool discusses ways clinic managers can adapt sales techniques to avoid being pushy, maximising not only patient results, but also the bottom line of your business
Designing your clinic: creating the right environment for your brand and clientele
Authors: Smith Victoria , Wiggins Nancy
Published: October 2017

Whether you have had a clinic for some time, or you are in the process of launching one, it is well worth designing your space in a way that improves the experience for patients and staff. From the colour scheme to the level of soundproofing, there are many elements to consider when developing the look and feel of your practice. Victoria Smith and Nancy Wiggins provide their top tips on selecting interiors
When should we refer our patients for cosmetic surgery?
Authors: Thethi Rajveer
Published: October 2017

Despite the increasing number of aesthetic procedures that can be performed non-surgically, some patients and conditions require referral to surgeons with the relevant expertise. But making referrals for cosmetic surgery is not something medical aesthetic trainers tend to discuss, so when is it appropriate? Rajveer Thethi reflects on the surgical past and present of aesthetic medicine and its relevance today
Comparative Study of AODV and ODMRP Routing Protocols
Authors: Soni Jitendra , Uikey Kokila
Published: October 2017

Mobile ad-hoc Network [MANET] is the collection of mobile nodes deployed with the short-lived purpose. It is the most innovative and useful variety which provide the facility to establish communication without the prerequisite of any infrastructure. Here, wireless communication medium is usually used for communication and connection establishment purpose. Generally, it is deployed with mobile nodes but can be used for stationary design also. Open nature communication makes it vulnerable for several security threats. This paper has considered the simulation of AODV and ODMRP using Qualnet 5.2 simulator.
A Survey on Accelerated Mapreduce for Hadoop
Authors: Tiwari Jyotindra , Pawar Dr. Mahesh , Pandey Dr. Anjajana
Published: October 2017

Big Data is defined by 3Vs which stands for variety, volume and velocity. The volume of data is very huge, data exists in variety of file types and data grows very rapidly. Big data storage and processing has always been a big issue. Big data has become even more challenging to handle these days. To handle big data high performance techniques have been introduced. Several frameworks like Apache Hadoop has been introduced to process big data. Apache Hadoop provides map/reduce to process big data. But this map/reduce can be further accelerated. In this paper a survey has been performed for map/reduce acceleration and energy efficient computation in quick time.
A Framework For Integration of A Patients’ Body Area Network With Iot
Authors: Khan Dawawood A.
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we give a framework for integration of patients’ Body Area Network with IoT. We also discuss the enabling technologies that may help with the proliferation of the IoT in healthcare, besides mitigating various interoperability challenges in a healthcare IoT. We use a healthcare use-case of an artificial pancreas for diabetic patients to discuss our framework. We describe the framework as a formal model of a healthcare IoT, which we map onto the components of a proposed end-to-end, closed-loop health-care IoT architecture. In this paper, we also discuss dependability in a healthcare IoT. As such, we describe why certification, standardisation, and dependability should be central for a healthcare IoT.