bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construcción dialógica Imagen/Texto : enfoque complejo y transdisciplinario.
Authors: Sánchez Araceli Barbosa
Published: January 2024

Se plantea la construcción dialógica Imagen/Texto a partir del enfoque de la complejidad y la transdisciplinariedad como imperativo epistemológico de integración del conocimiento. Desde el pensamiento morineano, el paradigma de la dialógica del conocimiento permite gestar formas alternativas a la racionalidad hegemónica occidental que conceptualiza la realidad mediante estructuras binarias, simplificadoras de la complejidad fenoménica del mundo. La complejidad, por el contrario, concibe la “unidualidad compleja” de los opuestos, una lógica que permite la complementariedad de términos antagónicos. De esta manera, la conjunción creativa de la unidualidad Imagen/Texto, deviene transdisciplinaria, posibilitando la convergencia de dos campos que tradicionalmente han sido escindidos por el paradigma unidisciplinario, para dar paso a la visión sistémica y compleja de la cultura en interacción disciplinaria.
Une défense des humanités : les différentes cultures en dispute
Authors: Frausto Obed
Published: January 2024

Le transhumanisme et le posthumanisme ont remis en question le rôle des sciences humaines. Alors que le transhumanisme abandonne le projet humaniste pour celui de l'amélioration génétique humaine, le posthumanisme reprend la critique pour démanteler les dualismes. Cet article soutient que, loin d'abandonner la critique, l'imagination critique est nécessaire, c'est-à-dire une critique qui, au lieu de nous conduire à la vérité pour dénigrer les autres, nous invite à une rencontre avec d'autres personnes et groupes dans le but d'apprendre d'eux et de parvenir collectivement à un accord par le biais d'un désaccord. L'imagination critique repose sur cinq principes : l'indétermination, l'historicité, l'ignorance, la pluralité et la résistance. Sloterdijk s'oppose à l'indétermination ontologique. Contre Braidotti, on affirme qu'il existe une dualité homme/machine qui n'a pas été vaincue. Cette dualité est historique et fonctionne encore aujourd'hui. Elle s'exprime dans la construction anthropologique de l'homo faber avec la révolution scientifique du 17ème siècle et de l'homo loquaris avec la Renaissance italienne du 15ème siècle. On soutient qu'il est nécessaire d'engager un dialogue entre ces dimensions anthropologiques, mais qu'elles se disputeront dans une culture interdisciplinaire et animée par l'humilité et la recherche de la justice envers les plus défavorisés.
Cartes avec dessin et corps à la dérive : les esquisses de William Etty
Authors: Caetano Renata Oliveira , Souza Clarissa Videira Rocha de
Published: January 2024

Le texte présente une étude basée sur la réflexion proposée par l'écrivain brésilien Mário de Andrade sur le dessin, ayant pour objet les esquisses inquiétantes figurant sur des lettres de l'artiste anglais William Etty. Le matériel analysé est un ensemble de correspondances, appartenant à la collection de la Fondation Custodia, attribuées au peintre anglais. Les croquis qui y étaient dessinés prennent comme référence les marbres du Parthénon. La recherche poursuit une approche où la missive est considérée comme un objet artistique. L'intention est d'explorer les circonstances dans lesquelles les dessins d'Etty sont créés, en faisant attention à leur potentiel expressif et en cherchant à démontrer la pertinence de son étude dans le contexte actuel.
Home Transfer (2000), a Gaming Recipe by Pat Badani
Authors: Badani Pat , Pederson Claudia Costa
Published: January 2024

Fondée sur des intérêts mutuels pour le jeu et la politique de l'écologie, cette conversation entre la théoricienne des arts médiatiques Claudia Costa Pederson et l'artiste Pat Badani aborde Home Transfer (2000), un jeu interactif de Badani. Lui-même créé comme un échange ludique au cours de l'été 2023, ce texte présente Host et Parasite, deux jeux au sein de Home Transfer dans le cadre de la pratique artistique de Badani qui mélange matériaux culinaires, textuels, ludiques, artistiques et environnementaux, formulaires et commentaires. Il explore également sa conception en tant qu’œuvre d’art médiatique, à la fois sur l’histoire passée de l’art médiatique et sur les débats actuels et en cours sur les relations et l’avenir humains et non-humains. Nous espérons que ce dialogue sera aussi amusant et stimulant pour nos lecteurs qu’il l’a été pour nous de le créer.
Confluências literárias na obra de Gerd Bornheim
Authors: Paz Gaspar
Published: January 2024

Estudo sobre as contribuições do filósofo brasileiro Gerd Bornheim (1929-2002) para a abertura, ampliação e consolidação de temas estético-filosóficos no Brasil a partir das convergências literárias presentes em sua obra. A literatura foi importante para Bornheim nas incursões pelo sentido da língua e da pulsação rítmica dos arranjos simbólicos. Além da leitura de mundo e do aprendizado das coisas pela palavra – ora ficcionalizando-as, ora expondo a carnadura real –, a literatura marcou a trajetória do autor como modo de disseminar um insopitável espírito crítico, cuja verve moldou sua ensaística. Nesse sentido, localizamos ao menos seis pontos de confluências literárias em seus trabalhos: 1. A aproximação entre poetas-pensadores e filósofos-poetas; 2. O convívio, a interlocução e a influência direta de escritores brasileiros em suas pesquisas; 3. A forma como a literatura se faz presente em seus escritos; 4. Escritos performativos entre a cena e o texto: literatura e teatro; 5. As tensões políticas vivenciadas por Bornheim nos anos 60 e 70 (na ditadura civil-militar no Brasil) e o modo como as perspectivas estético-político-literárias ganham corpo na correspondência do autor, em textos esparsos e em entrevistas concedidas à mídia e a revistas acadêmicas; 6. A tradução como forma de pensamento e tomada de posição: a linguagem dinâmica e participativa e o fluxo da língua viva.
Sandra Jatahy Pesavento e a relação sensível entre viagens e produção do conhecimento
Authors: Gransotto Luciana Rodrigues
Published: January 2024

O percurso intelectual da historiadora gaúcha Sandra Jatahy Pesavento evidencia a pluralidade de temáticas dos seus trabalhos, o seu dinamismo e a circulação em redes de pesquisa, sobretudo a sua participação nos grupos internacionais Clíope e Histoire des Sensibilités. Este artigo busca marcar algumas das transições em seu posicionamento teórico, destacando sua ênfase nos estudos sobre o Brasil ao longo de duas fases historiográficas, sempre atenta à sua cidade, Porto Alegre, às suas sociabilidades e sensibilidades. A historiadora utilizou a viagem como uma ferramenta metodológica, científica, que possibilitava a validação de teorias e a articulação de novos projetos. Nesse sentido, os seus deslocamentos estão vinculados tanto às suas motivações enquanto uma historiadora-viajante quanto ao período de abertura e financiamentos da Pós-Graduação no Brasil, no âmbito da internacionalização acadêmica.
Supporting Queer Students From Rural Backgrounds
Authors: Sorgen Carl H. , McNamee Ty C. , Tate Brody C. , Shannon-Baker Peggy
Published: January 2024

This chapter begins with an overview of the conceptual foundations of this work and the salient identities of the authors. The authors then describe the influential characteristics of rural communities, followed by a discussion about the diversity of rurality and queerness in rural communities. To fully understand rural students' experiences in college, they examine the K-12 climate for queer rural students. They then discuss considerations of psychosocial development challenges for queer rural students in higher education and conclude the chapter with implications for practice.
Blockchain Technology and Supply Chain Sustainability
Authors: Khan Muhammad Rahies , Ali Akhtiar , Rind Asad Ali
Published: January 2024

Supply chain digitalization has revolutionized outcomes for firms in their business operations. Incorporating industry 4.0 technologies has witnessed a change in the supply chain process execution. Blockchain technology has been rigorously addressed in supply chain operations but achieving UNSDGs through blockchain technologies has rarely been witnessed. To fill this gap, this chapter discussed the United Nations sustainable development goals and revealed that the UN has established 17 goals with 232 indicators that will address sustainable development at the global level. Further, the chapter covered the integration of blockchain technology in the supply chain for achieving sustainability. The discussion revealed that the integration of blockchain has successfully helped firms in achieving sustainable development. The discussion resulted in the successful explanation of blockchain integration in addressing the UNSDGs sustainable development. This chapter has provided practical implications to managers and policymakers in executing and encouraging blockchain adoption.
Adult extrarenal teratoid Wilms’ tumor: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Liao Linhong , Cheng Hui
Published: January 2024

A 19-year-old woman presented with painless lower abdominal discomfort and a cystic-solid mass measuring 15.9 cm on the right ovary. She subsequently underwent laparoscopic right ovarian cystectomy. Microscopic examination of the mass showed the typical morphological features of Wilms’ tumor and the predominance of teratoid elements constituting more than 50% of the tumor. To date, few cases of extrarenal teratoid Wilms’ tumor (TWTs) in adults have been reported in the literature. The case presented in the present is the third reported case of adult extrarenal TWT occurring in ovary.
Diphtheria case detection and carrier study of close contacts: A step towards diphtheria eradication
Authors: Shah Shilpa R. , Karanje Nisha C.
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Diphtheria is an infectious disease caused by gram-positive bacilli C. diphtheriae involving nasal, pharyngeal, tonsillar, or laryngeal mucus membranes. The mortality rate is as high as 20%, with India contributing almost 78% of the world incidence.

Aims and Objectives:

We report a fatal case of nasopharyngeal diphtheria with carrier study in close contacts.

Materials and Methods:

Seven years child presented with fever, throat pain, and earache for 3 days followed by neck swelling and noisy respiration. On examination, membrane was present in the throat, which was received for Albert and Gram staining and reported as positive for C. diphtheria like organisms followed by culture. The patient was treated with ADS and antibiotics, and intensively managed, but still succumbed to death. Follow-up was done for carriage of C. diphtheriae on the throat and nasopharyngeal swabs of siblings and close contacts. It was isolated in 3 of them. Samples were processed for Gram, Albert stain, and culture. Identification, antibiotic sensitivity, and toxigenicity were done.

Results and Discussion:

Four samples, one from the patient and three from contacts showed the presence of gram-positive slender bacilli with cuneiform arrangement, less cellular infiltrate on the Gram stain, and the presence of few metachromatic granules in the Albert stain. C. diphtheriae was grown on Potassium Tellurite agar. Antibiogram of all isolates was similar with resistance to Erythromycin and sensitivity to Penicillin. Isolates were confirmed by PCR and ToxA gene was detected. Contacts were treated with Penicillin and repeat swabs were negative.

Conclusion:

Present health statistics and this study suggests, fight against diphtheria in India is far from being over. It still lurks in some remote areas. It is a need to remain vigilant, keep tracing, and treating contacts to curtail down the rate of infection. In view of the resurgence, Government has given directives to replace TT with Td in UIP. Still, a lot needs to be done.
Cytomorphometric analysis of buccal mucosal cells in iron deficiency anemia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Swati S Patil , Sangeeta J Palaskar , Bindiya R Narang , Rasika B Pawar , Pargatsingh T Kathuriya , Yogesh S Khandalkar
Published: January 2024

Background:

Worldwide, at any given moment, more individuals have iron deficiency anemia (IDA) than any other health problems. Very few studies have been conducted to evaluate changes in oral mucosa in IDA. The present study is undertaken for cytomorphometric analysis of buccal mucosal cells in IDA. Nuclear diameter (ND), cell diameter (CD), nuclear area (NA), cell area (CA), and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) are measured and compared in buccal mucosal cells of IDA patients and controls.

Aims:

To evaluate cytomorphometric changes in epithelial cells of oral mucosa in IDA and to compare these changes with the controls.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study.

Methods and Materials:

Forty cases of IDA and forty cases of control group were selected for the study. IDA cases were diagnosed with decreased Hb level, MCV, MCH, MCHC and confirmed by decreased serum iron and increased total iron-binding capacity levels. Cytomorphometric analysis of buccal mucosa was performed to study CA, CD, NA, ND, and N/C ratio.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical analysis was done using t- test in SPSS software version 4.

Result:

Results of our study showed increased cell area, cell diameter, nuclear area, nuclear diameter, and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in anemic group as compared to controls.

Conclusion:

The study suggests that individuals with IDA regardless of clinically visible oral lesions show cytological changes in oral mucosal epithelium. Knowledge of quantitative alterations in oral epithelial cells of IDA patients is important as these alterations are similar to those seen in precancerous and radiation-induced changes. Cytomorphometry is an efficient tool to understand the extent of cellular changes that occur in oral epithelial cells in IDA.
The curious case of T-cell mediated renal allograft rejection after Covid-19 infection
Authors: Basu Keya , Karmakar Subhrajyoti , Dasgupta Sougata , Sengupta Moumita
Published: January 2024

Our case illustrates the possible explanation of renal allograft rejection in a patient who had recovered from Covid-19 infection in the post-transplant period, which ultimately led to the death of the patient. A 27-year-old male patient received renal allograft from his mother, with an uneventful post-transplant period. Three years after the transplantation he contracted Covid-19 infection. The patient recovered from Covid-19 infection after being treated according to the treatment protocol. Subsequently, in the next 2 weeks, he presented with heavy proteinuria and a rise in serum creatinine level. Renal biopsy examination showed features of acute T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) without any evidence of antibody-mediated rejection. He was given all due care but he deteriorated quickly leading to his death. This case highlights the inter-relation between Covid-19 infection and acute TCMR of the renal allograft, where renal biopsy serves as an indispensable tool in understanding its pathophysiology.
Etiopathogenesis, diagnostic evaluation, and management of ovarian tuberculosis: A systematic review
Authors: Nagpal Ashutosh , Chaudhary Poras
Published: January 2024

Ovarian tuberculosis is a rare entity with non-specific clinical manifestations, difficult diagnosis, and specific medical management. Ovarian involvement in tuberculosis (TB) may occur in two forms, namely, perioophoritis and oophoritis. The constitutional symptoms of tuberculosis such as anorexia, weight loss, night sweats, and evening rise in temperature have been reported in up to 45% of patients. Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis are common. A direct histopathological demonstration is the best diagnostic modality. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the study of choice and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay increases its sensitivity. The standard short-course antituberculous for 6 months is recommended for isolated ovarian tuberculosis and for widespread disease, 12 months of therapy is recommended. Surgery is reserved for failure of medical therapy and abscess formation. There are many studies on genito-urinary tuberculosis but a detailed study defining diagnostic studies and management guidelines is still lacking. This article aims to present and share a review of the English-language literature on ovarian tuberculosis to gain a better understanding of etiopathogenesis and diagnostic methods and to provide guidelines for its management.
Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma masquerading as focal nodular hyperplasia of liver: A wolf in sheep’s clothing
Authors: Ghosh Ranajoy , Halder Aniket , Nim Ranjit K. , Ray Sukanta , Chatterjee Uttara
Published: January 2024

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma is a rare hepatic malignancy which requires exclusion of other primary site of origin. Clinical presentation and imaging of this tumor is nonspecific and mimics many other hepatic neoplasms. A 62-year-old female patient presents here with right hepatic mass with insidious onset and radiological features favoring a benign solid lesion suggestive of focal nodular hyperplasia. On right hepatectomy, an encapsulated mass identified about 11 cm in maximum dimension with pushing margin and central scar-like area. Histopathological examination reveals a spindle cell tumor and panel of immunohistochemical markers is required to distinguish it from other morphological mimickers. Diagnosis of primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma requires histopathology along with immunohistochemical examination. It is thus advisable to do preoperative biopsy with immunohistochemistry in all patients having atypical imaging and clinical features.
Frontiers of geriatric mental health research amidst COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Kumar L Manoj , George Rinu J. , Nadaraj Ambily
Published: January 2024

Geriatric population got prominently affected by COVID-19 pandemic in global context. Compromised immunity, comorbidities, and psychosocial factors have contributed to the physical and mental health of the elderly. The aim of this study was to analyze published literature globally by medical fraternity in the field of geriatric mental health during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. Bibliometric information on literature regarding said topic using specific keywords was searched and collected from the Scopus database. VOSviewer (1.6.18) was applied to conduct bibliometric analysis (BA) and visualization. The study highlighted the most significant journals, authors, co-cited authors, institutions, keywords co-occurrence, and most contributed countries in the area of Geriatric Mental Health research during COVID-19 on the basis of BA of studies taken from the database of Scopus for the past 3 years (2020–first quarter of 2023). To give researchers, decision-makers, and stakeholders a comprehensive view of the field of geriatric mental health-related research at COVID-19, this study employed bibliometric and scientific mapping approaches. Publications on the topic displayed a great deal of support from developed nations, especially the United States, which also produced a lot of publications of high quality.
Knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease among physicians: A cross-sectional study from Anand, Gujarat
Authors: Marathe Amey , Dharaiya Darshan , Gohel Manisha , Prabhakaran Anusha , Varma Jagdish
Published: January 2024

Objectives:

There are limited studies from India on knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among physicians. Hence, this study was done to identify the knowledge and perceptions about AD among medical practitioners.

Methodology:

Anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical practitioners having at least MBBS degree. The study questionnaire included (a) demography and (b) AD Knowledge Scale (ADKS).

Results:

Among the 184 respondents, knowledge about AD was below par, scoring mean of 18.8 (standard deviation: 3.28) out of 30. On the subdomains of the ADKS scale, mean correct rate was highest in the subdomain of assessment (75.8%) and low in subdomains of risk factors (53.2%), symptoms (56.4%), and caregiving (52.9%). Despite 79 (42.9%) having dementia-related clinical encounters in the past 3 months, 171 (92.9%) participants had no training in geriatric medicine.

Conclusions:

There is a significant lack of knowledge about AD among the study population. However, the knowledge is higher among those who have had dementia- related clinical encounters.
Refractive Changes among Diode Laser-treated Retinopathy of Prematurity Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Alqurashi Lujain , Alfaraidi Albaraa , Almahmoudi Faeeqah , Danish Enam , Hadrawi Manal
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to assess the refractive outcomes of patients who underwent indirect laser photocoagulation for prethreshold type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and high-risk type 2 prethreshold ROP in comparison to conservatively managed low-risk prethreshold type 2 ROP.

METHODS:

A retrospective analysis was carried out on infants screened for ROP between the years 2015 and 2020. Surviving children who had developed ROP in one or both eyes and received diode laser photocoagulation and those with conservatively managed regressed type 2 ROP who underwent at least one cycloplegic retinoscopy were included in the study.

RESULTS:

A total of 144 patients were screened for ROP between 2015 and 2020 at our institution. One hundred and thirty patients (260 eyes) fulfilled the study criteria and were included in this study. The treated group consisted of 132 eyes of 66 infants, of which 38 (14.6%) eyes had prethreshold type 1 ROP while 94 (36.2%) eyes had high-risk prethreshold type 2. The nontreated control group consisted of 128 (49.2%) eyes of 64 infants with low-risk type 2 prethreshold ROP. Earlier prematurity was found to be a significant determinant of the mean change in spherical equivalent among different gestational age groups (P = 0.035). In our cohort, we found that myopia is significantly related to Zone II ROP in comparison to Zone III ROP in the treated eyes (22% vs. 9%) (P = 0.002). No statistically significant difference was found in the final refraction among the treated eyes in relation to the birth weight or stage of prematurity.

CONCLUSION:

In the present study, the majority of patients who were treated with diode laser for ROP had favorable anatomical and refractive outcomes. In contrast to previous studies that had suggested a trend toward myopia in laser-treated patients, in our study, the majority (71%) were hyperopes. This study suggests that other factors such as the stage and zone of ROP possibly contribute more to the development of myopia than the laser photocoagulation itself.
Optic Nerve Head Infiltration in Presumed Tuberculous Uveitis
Authors: Abouammoh Marwan A. , Azizalrahman Lojain A. , Albloushi Abdulrahman F. , Abu El-Asrar Ahmed M.
Published: January 2024

To report the clinical and multimodal imaging findings of presumed tuberculous optic nerve head (ONH) infiltration in 3 patients at a tertiary eye care center. In addition to unilateral presumed tuberculous ONH infiltration, all patients had clinical findings suggestive of tuberculous choroidal involvement which was confirmed by Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). All patients were treated successfully with a combination of antituberculous regimen and systemic corticosteroids.
Corneal Endothelial Toxicity Secondary to Topical 5-fluorouracil
Authors: Alsaleh Ahmed , Alfarhan Abdulrahman
Published: January 2024

5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an important chemotherapy adjunct for the management of conjunctival and corneal dysplasia. Since it is possible for this agent to gain access to the anterior chamber, several reports in the literature have demonstrated 5-FU long-term safety and efficacy. Although recent publications reported that topical 5-FU has no cytotoxic effect on the corneal endothelium, we report a patient affected by bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia who has developed significant endothelial density and morphology changes after starting a course of 5-FU.
Topography and Choroidal Thickness Measurement in Healthy Asian Indian Subjects using RTVue XR 100 Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum , Charan Aknoor S. R. , Nagalla Balakrishna
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose was to study the choroidal thickness and its profile, derived from different point locations in healthy Asian Indian subjects using RTVue XR 100 optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to determine its correlation with age, refractive error, and axial length.

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional study, 300 eyes of 150 healthy subjects, with no ocular pathology, were scanned in a single session, using a line scan protocol of RTVue XR 100 OCT. Choroidal thickness was measured at the subfoveal region, and six measurements were obtained on either side of the fovea (temporal and nasal) at 500 μm interval apart, up to 3000 μm. The correlation between subfoveal choroidal thickness and age, refractive error, and axial length was assessed.

RESULTS:

Three hundred eyes of 150 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. Median age of the study participants was 55 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 44–61). The median subfoveal choroidal thickness was 235 μm (IQR: 210–263). The choroidal thickness was minimum at nasal 3000 μm from the fovea, while it was maximum in the subfoveal region. The point zones which were near the fovea showed thicker choroidal thickness than the outer zones, both nasally and temporally (P < 0.00001 at all locations), and at all point locations the choroid were thicker temporally than nasally (All P < 0.00001). Subfoveal choroidal thickness showed negative correlation with age (coefficient = −0.62, P = 0.03) and axial length (correlation = −8.52, P = 0.02). A decrease in subfoveal choroidal thickness of 0.62 μm/year was found by regression analysis.

CONCLUSION:

Our study provides normative database and topographic profile of choroidal thickness in the normal Asian Indian eyes using RTVue XR 100 OCT.
Sarcopenia of Ageing: Does a Healthier Lifestyle Matter in Reversing the Trajectory? A Brief Narrative Review and a Call for Action in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghannam Abdullah F. , Alharbi Dalal S. , Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M.
Published: January 2024

The concept of health span is an emerging topic in recent years, with a truly palpable relevance to public health. With ageing comes a loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and performance, which is termed as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is a major public health concern and poses a challenge to health-care systems. Modifiable lifestyle factors may be linked to the course of sarcopenia progression. Many countries developed diagnostic tools to accurately detect sarcopenia for its prevention, delay, or treatment. However, to date, there is no sufficient information regarding the status of sarcopenia in Saudi Arabia. The review aims to discuss sarcopenia and relevant updates in research and literature, the association with modifiable lifestyle factors, the implications of sarcopenia in a rapidly developing country such as Saudi Arabia, and the current state and need for research in Saudi Arabia in this domain along with future directions in combating this disease.
Ectopia Lentis: Clinical profiles in a large cohort of children from a Tertiary Eye Care network in India
Authors: Bhate Manjushree , Das Anthony Vipin , Kekunnaya Ramesh , Sachdeva Virender , Ramappa Muralidhar , Warkad Vivek , Majhi Debasmita
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE:

To study the clinical presentations, visual, and refractive profiles of children with congenital ectopia lentis in a large cohort of patients from a tertiary eye care network in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A retrospective review of electronic medical records from December 2012 to December 2020 was conducted. Two hundred and ninety-seven consecutive children ≤18 years of age at presentation were identified and analyzed for demographic details, patient distribution, lens subluxation, visual, and refractive profiles before and after the interventions.

RESULTS:

Five hundred and ninety-four eyes of 297 (male 56%; n = 166) patients were analyzed. The mean age at presentation was 8.74 ± 3.89. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation ranged from 0.3 logMAR to 3.5 logMAR; (Snellen: 6/9 – close to face [CF]) (mean 0.89 ± 0.68). High myopia (n = 201; 33.83%) and mild astigmatism (n = 340; 57.23%) were more frequent. Temporal (n = 108; 18.18%) subluxation was most common followed by superior. Lensectomy with limited vitrectomy was performed in 243 eyes of 127 patients (40.90%). Median preoperative BCVA was 1.0 (range: 0.3–3.5 logMAR; 20/40 - CF). Median postoperative BCVA was 0.5 logMAR (6/18) in the pseudophakic group and 0.6 logMAR (6/24) in the aphakic group. Spherical equivalent in myopic children reduced from −12.06 ± 6.84D to −1.57D (−0.25D to − 5.5D) in the pseudophakic group and +9.3D (+5.5D to 15.5D) in the aphakic group.

CONCLUSION:

This study is a large cohort of children presenting with ectopia lentis. Following intervention, an improvement in the median BCVA and refractive correction was noted in the entire cohort.
Periodontal Status and Potential Risk Factors in the Myanmar Population: Data from the First National Oral Health Survey in 2016–2017
Authors: Thwin Kaung Myat , Ogawa Hiroshi , Phantumvanit Prathip , Songpaisan Yupin , Miyazaki Hideo
Published: January 2024

Periodontal disease is quite common in many developing countries, but no nationally representative data on periodontal disease is available in Myanmar until 2016. A nationwide cross-sectional survey with a stratified two-stage sampling method was conducted among 4668 participants aged 12–74 years. Periodontal assessments and self-administered questionnaire surveys were conducted to assess the periodontal status and risk factors in the Myanmar population using data from the first national oral health survey in 2016–2017. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to assess the prevalence of periodontitis and its association with potential risk factors. The prevalence of gingivitis was 38.2%, 41.5%, 44.4%, and 43.7% in 12, 15–18, 35–44, and 60–74 year-olds, respectively. The prevalence of periodontitis in the latter three age groups was 2.3%, 16.3%, and 35.2%, respectively. After adjusting for other risk factors, younger participants aged 15–18 years (odds ratio [OR]: 0.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.0–0.2) and aged 35–44 years (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.5) were less likely to have periodontitis. Moreover, participants educated upto junior high school level (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7), primary school and below level (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2–3.2), everyday smokers (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3–2.0), and everyday tobacco chewers (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2–1.8) were associated with increased risk of periodontitis. Periodontal complications were prevalent in Myanmar older adults. Prevention efforts should focus on tobacco control and oral hygiene.
Heights and quantitative arithmetic on stacky curves
Authors: Nasserden Brett , Xiao Stanley Yao
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we investigate the theory of heights in a family of stacky curves following recent work of Ellenberg, Satriano, and Zureick-Brown. We first give an elementary construction of a height which is seen to be dual to theirs. We count rational points having bounded ESZ-B height on a particular stacky curve, answering a question of Ellenberg, Satriano, and Zureick-Brown. We also show that when the Euler characteristic of stacky curves is non-positive, the ESZ-B height coming from the anti-canonical divisor class fails to have the Northcott property. We prove that a stacky version of a conjecture of Vojta is equivalent to the

$abc$

-conjecture.
The effect of public hospital closure on the death of long-term inpatients in Korea
Authors: Kang Taeuk , Sohn Minsung , Shon Changwoo
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the changes in health outcomes and the patterns of medical institution utilization among patients with long-term stays in public hospitals following the closure of a public medical center. It also sought to present a proposal regarding the role of public hospitals in countries with healthcare systems predominantly driven by private entities, such as Korea.METHODS: To assess the impact of a public healthcare institution closure on health outcomes in a specific region, we utilized nationally representative health insurance claims data. A retrospective cohort study was conducted for this analysis.RESULTS: An analysis of the medical utilization patterns of patients after the closure of Jinju Medical Center showed that 67.4% of the total medical usage was redirected to long-term care hospitals. This figure is notably high in comparison to the 20% utilization rate of nursing hospitals observed among patients from other medical facilities. These results indicate that former patients of Jinju Medical Center may have experienced limitations in accessing necessary medical services beyond nursing care. After accounting for relevant mortality factors, the analysis showed that the mortality rate in closed public hospitals was 2.47 (95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 0.96) times higher than in private hospitals.CONCLUSIONS: The closure of public medical institutions has resulted in unmet healthcare needs, and an observed association was observed with increased mortality rates. It is essential to define the role and objectives of public medical institutions, taking into account the distribution of healthcare resources and the conditions of the population.
La información pública en torno a vacunas y tratamientos sobre la COVID-19. Aproximación a las fuentes documentales de Instituciones y Organismos
Authors: Ronco López Milagros , Peñafiel-Saiz Carmen , Echegaray-Eizaguirre Lázaro
Published: January 2024

Introducción: El presente estudio tiene por objeto una revisión del estado del arte en relación a la información sobre la pandemia de la COVID-19, las vacunas y los tratamientos para luchar contra este coronavirus. El periodo de análisis se centra en 2020, 2021 y 2022. Se han seleccionado fuentes institucionales internacionales relevantes conformadas con varios países, como es el caso de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y sus Regiones de Europa y de las Américas, así como la Unión Europea. Se analizan informes, proyectos, recursos y encuestas de organismos públicos y privados de las principales agencias y centros de salud de Estados Unidos, México, España y Reino Unido. Para el análisis y desarrollo de los resultados, se han utilizado técnicas de investigación como la selección y búsqueda de información, la revisión de fuentes documentales y el etiquetaje y registro de las mismas. Objetivos. Obtener una visión panorámica de las principales publicaciones en torno al objeto planteado y avanzar en el conocimiento de los patrones comunicativos para contribuir con la información necesaria en el ámbito de la opinión pública durante las campañas de vacunación y de tratamientos contra la COVID-19. Discusión y Conclusiones. Se considera que es necesaria una colaboración efectiva entre investigadores, proveedores de servicios de salud, formuladores de políticas y periodistas para difundir información completa y precisa sobre vacunas, vacunación y tratamientos contra la COVID-19, como un logro de estrategia de salud pública. Asimismo, es preciso conocer las fortalezas y debilidades del sistema sanitario para repensar actuaciones y estrategias de cara a otras pandemias o crisis sanitarias que puedan llegar en las próximas décadas.
Plating, Zinc
Authors:   AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Published: January 2024

This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited zinc plating.
Steel, Bars and Forgings, and Forging Stock 3.1Cr - 11.5Ni - 13.5Co - 1.2Mo (0.23 - 0.25C) Vacuum Melted, Normalized and Overaged Precipitation Hardenable
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: January 2024

This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings 100 square inches (645 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area, and forging stock of any size.
Standard Test Method for Measuring Impact Forces and Pressures of a Soft Projectile on an Inclined Rigid Flat Surface
Authors:   G-28 Simulants for Impact and Ingestion Testing Committee
Published: January 2024

This document describes methods for measuring dynamic forces, pressures, and projectile fragment distribution patterns during an impact between a soft or frangible projectile and a rigid flat inclined surface. It also describes the hardware, setup, and instrumentation required.

In this test method, a soft body projectile impacts a rigid plate inclined at a specified angle to the direction of flight. The rigid target plate is backed up by a rigid structure, and sandwiched between the plate and the structure are force sensors to record reaction loads. Optionally, pressure transducers may be embedded in the target plate to record the pressure-time history of the impact. The target plate shall be sufficiently large so that the projectile flows across the surface without passing behind the plane of the plate impact surface, therefore capturing all of the impact load. A projectile fragment collector system for capturing projectile fragments is also described, along with a method for characterizing the projectile dispersion pattern after impact.

This test is intended for measuring the transient forces and pressures generated by the projectile when it impacts the plate. Projectile breakup pattern data may also be captured during this test. The projectile material shall be low modulus and low strength (soft) compared with the target plate material. Impact stresses generated in the plate must be lower than the yield strength of the plate material so that all deformations in the plate are elastic.

The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are considered separate standards. The values stated in each system may not be exactly equivalent; therefore, each system must be considered as independent.

This standard does not address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of each user of this standard to ensure that any safety issues are properly addressed.
Use of the Critical Speed Formula
Authors:   Crash Data Collection and Analysis Standards Committee
Published: January 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice provides guidelines for procedures and practices used to obtain and record measurements and to analyze the results of the critical speed method. It is for use at accident sites using manual or electronic measurements. The method allows for many unique factors and the recommended procedure will permit a consistent use of the method in order to reduce errors and uncertainty in the results. The results from the critical speed formula should always, when possible, be compared to other accident reconstruction methodologies. When different accident reconstruction methods are used, the uncertainty of each method should be analyzed and presented.
Development of pulmonary hypertension remains a major hurdle to corrective surgery in Down syndrome
Authors: Batta Akash , Hatwal Juniali
Published: January 2024

Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality encountered in clinical practice with 50% of them having associated congenital heart disease (CHD). Shunt lesions account for around 75% of all CHDs in Down syndrome. Down syndrome patients, especially with large shunts are particularly predisposed to early development of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) compared with shunt lesions in general population. This necessitates timely surgical correction which remains the only viable option to prevent long term morbidity and mortality. However, despite clear recommendations, there is wide gap between actual practice and fear of underlying PH which often leads to surgical refusals in Down syndrome even when the shunt is reversible. Another peculiarity is that Down syndrome patients can develop PH even after successful correction of shunt. It is not uncommon to come across Down syndrome patients with uncorrected shunts in adulthood with irreversible PH at which stage intracardiac repair is contraindicated and the only option available is a combined heart-lung transplant. However, despite the guidelines laid by authorities, the rates of cardiac transplant in adult Down syndrome remain dismal largely attributable to the high prevalence of intellectual disability in them. The index case presents a real-world scenario highlighting the impact of severe PH on treatment strategies and discrimination driven by the fear of worse outcomes in these patients.
Safety and effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in cardiac surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Kourek Christos , Kanellopoulos Marios , Raidou Vasiliki , Antonopoulos Michalis , Karatzanos Eleftherios , Patsaki Irini , Dimopoulos Stavros
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Lack of mobilization and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) are major factors resulting in the development of ICU-acquired muscle weakness (ICUAW). ICUAW is a type of skeletal muscle dysfunction and a common complication of patients after cardiac surgery, and may be a risk factor for prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, associated with a higher risk of readmission and higher mortality. Early mobilization in the ICU after cardiac surgery has been found to be low with a significant trend to increase over ICU stay and is also associated with a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative modality of exercise in patients with muscle weakness. A major advantage of NMES is that it can be applied even in sedated patients in the ICU, a fact that might enhance early mobilization in these patients.

AIM

To evaluate safety, feasibility and effectiveness of NMES on functional capacity and muscle strength in patients before and after cardiac surgery.

METHODS

We performed a search on Pubmed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Embase and CINAHL databases, selecting papers published between December 2012 and April 2023 and identified published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included implementation of NMES in patients before after cardiac surgery. RCTs were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias via the PEDro. The primary outcomes were safety and functional capacity and the secondary outcomes were muscle strength and function.

RESULTS

Ten studies were included in our systematic review, resulting in 703 participants. Almost half of them performed NMES and the other half were included in the control group, treated with usual care. Nine studies investigated patients after cardiac surgery and 1 study before cardiac surgery. Functional capacity was assessed in 8 studies via 6MWT or other indices, and improved only in 1 study before and in 1 after cardiac surgery. Nine studies explored the effects of NMES on muscle strength and function and, most of them, found increase of muscle strength and improvement in muscle function after NMES. NMES was safe in all studies without any significant complication.

CONCLUSION

NMES is safe, feasible and has beneficial effects on muscle strength and function in patients after cardiac surgery, but has no significant effect on functional capacity.
Socjotopografia osadnictwa żydowskiego w Warszawie w drugiej połowie XVIII wieku
Authors: Węgrzynek Hanna
Published: January 2024

In the second half of the eighteenth century, there was a rapid influx of Jews to Warsaw, even though at that time the de non tolerandis Iudaeis law was still in force. In 1778, there were over 3,500 Jews in Warsaw, and by 1792 the number increased to 7,000. At that time, they constituted over seven percent of the entire population of the city. Jews lived in different parts of Warsaw, but they began to form enclaves that were centers of both economic and religious life. The activity of the Warsaw Jews was dominated by two fields: trade and crafts. In the 1790s, they accounted for thirty percent of commercial operations. Responding to the needs of the Warsaw market, Jews started producing clothes. About thirty percent of the tailors working in Warsaw were Jewish. Despite numerous restrictions and bans, Jewish self-government institutions began to emerge in Warsaw, and religious life developed. These changes were conducive, if not to legalization, then to the slow acceptance of the Jewish presence in Warsaw. In this way, at the end of the eighteenth century, not only the largest Jewish community in Europe began to emerge in Warsaw, but also an important center of Jewish social, cultural, and religious life.
ОСТАТКИ АЛАНСКОЙ РЕ ЛИГИИ
Authors: Alemany A.
Published: January 2024

The goal of this paper is to gather evidence on the religious practices of the Alans, disregarding possible connections with Scythian or Ossetian facts and parallels unless expressly attested for the Alans by literary or material sources.

Целью данной статьи является сбор свидетельств о религиозных практиках алан, не принимая во внимание возможные связи со скифскими или осетинскими фактами и параллелями, если только это прямо не засвидетельствовано для алан литературными или материальными источниками.
Touches to the portrait…
Authors: Джанаева Л.Н.
Published: January 2024

Данная публикация приурочена к восьмидесятипятилетнему юбилею ведущего французского специалиста по литературе средневековья Жоэля Грисвара и посвящена зна- комству автора статьи с ученым. В материале рассматриваются история поездки Жоэля Грисвара в составе небольшой делегации из Франции во Владикавказ, а также представле- на вырезка из газеты о новой книге Жоэля Грисвара «Меч, брошенный в море, романы круглого стола и легенды о Нартах», где автор указывает на сходство легенд о Короле Артуре с кавказской мифологией. В статье опубликованы отрывки из автобиографии Жо- эля Грисвара на французском языке, а также глава из книги ученого, посвященная Гавейну, Рыцарю Солнца.

This publication is dedicated to the eighty-fifth anniversary of the leading French specialist in medieval literature, Joël Grisward, and is dedicated to the acquaintance of the author of the article with the scientist. The material examines the history of Joel Grisward's trip as part of a small delegation from France to Vladikavkaz, and also presents a newspaper clipping about Joel Grisward's new book “The Sword Thrown into the Sea, Romances of the Round Table and Legends of the Narts,” where the author points out the similarities between the legends of King Arthur with Caucasian mythology. The article publishes excerpts from Joel Grisward's autobiography in French, as well as a chapter from the scientist's book dedicated to Gawain, Knight of the Sun.
Reforms of Aleksandr II and their impact on the moral image of society
Authors: Панищев А.Л.
Published: January 2024

В статье проведен анализ реформ правительства Александра II. Акцент сделан на их этических и духовных последствиях. Отмечается, что результаты деятельности Александра II выглядели позитивно лишь по документальной отчетности, но при этом они спровоцировали нравственный надлом в обществе, дискредитировали саму государственную власть в сознании народа. Традиционно основой Российского государства выступала православная церковь, однако, будучи частью государственной системы, она сама оказалась в трудном положении и не могла комплексно и эффективно решать свои задачи. В конечном итоге все это породило социальные движения, которые впоследствии привели к заговору против царя Николая II и февральской буржуазной революции в 1917 г.

The article analyzes reforms of the government of Aleksandr II. Their ethical and spiritual consequences are emphasized. It is noted that the reign of Aleksandr II was positively described only in documentary reports, but at the same time they provoked a moral breakdown in society, discredited the very state power in the minds of the people. Traditionally, the basis of the Russian state was the Orthodox Church, however, being part of the state system, it found itself in a difficult position and could not comprehensively and effectively solve its tasks. In the end, all this gave rise to social movements, which subsequently led to a conspiracy against Tsar Nicholas II and the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution in 1917.