bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exchange Rate of Five ASEAN Countries to US Dollar: Macroeconomic Factors Analysis
Authors: Destiny Wulandari  , Masruri Muchtar  , Pardomuan Robinson Sihombing
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze several macroeconomic factors affecting the exchange rates in five ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines) against USD from 2010 to 2019. Those factors consist of current account balance, GDP, real interest rate, inflation rate, and money supply. By using panel data multiple linear regression method with fixed effect model and generalized least squares (GLS) estimation method, the results show that GDP, inflation rate, and money supply affect the exchange rate significantly, while current account balance and real interest rate do not have a significant effect on exchange rate. GDP and inflation rate affect the exchange rate positively, while money supply affects the exchange rate negatively. It implies that ASEAN countries need to pay more attention to their GDP, inflation rate, and money supply to maintain currency stability. In the end, the expected exchange rate stability from implementing currency settlement can be actualized.
BENEFITS OF AUDIT QUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Jumaiyah Jumaiyah
Published: January 2025

The audit opinion and the financial statement presentation are inextricably linked; the auditor cannot be blind to the facts surrounding the organization. As a result, the factors influencing the audit quality of manufacturing enterprises in the consumer product industry sector are experimentally examined in this study. This study covers the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018 to 2021. The study's independent variables include audit committees, tenure audits, rotational audits, cost audits, and auditor gender. The research samples consist of all manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector that have registered on the IDX up to 60 times. In this study, the sample technique employed was purposeful sampling. The IDX lists four research periods and 32 manufacturing businesses in the Goods Industry Sector, for a total of 128 samples. According to the findings, shareholders must also give corporate managers permission to charge reasonable audit fees. This audit fee may be one of the reasons why shareholders would want high-quality audits from auditors.
APLICAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO FINANCEIRA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MICRO E PEQUENOS NEGÓCIOS VAREJISTAS EM JUSTINÓPOLIS, RIBEIRÃO DAS NEVES
Authors: Pereira Mauricio Amaral , Damasceno de Souza Amanda , Silva Wagner Luiz
Published: January 2025

O fenômeno de empreender é presente em diversas camadas da sociedade em diferentes níveis sociais e de sofisticação técnica. Em Ribeirão das Neves, no distrito de Justinópolis, não é diferente. As atividades varejistas da região se caracterizam por pequenos e médios comércios que atendem diversas necessidades da região. Desta forma, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi entender qual a aplicação da educação financeira no desenvolvimento do comércio local. Na metodologia, foi definida uma pesquisa de campo quantitativa através de formulário auto aplicável via Google Forms contando com a participação de 9 respondentes. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que uma boa parcela dos empreendedores não aplicam conceitos de educação financeira em seus empreendimentos com frequência e buscam conhecimentos técnicos fora do ensino regular o que resultou em uma a dificuldade para desenvolver os seus negócios no longo prazo. Concluiu-se que, a maioria dos empreendedores respondentes prefere focar sua gestão financeira no curto prazo através de uma educação financeira adquirida fora do ensino regular. Devido a esse fato, encontram dificuldades em expandir os negócios embora admitam que já tenham tentado ou possuem essa intenção.
Editorial
Authors: Lucena Rodrigo Milano de
Published: January 2025

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Penyuluhan, Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Pelecehan/ Kekerasan Seksual kepada Siswa Di SMPN 15 Kota Bekasi
Authors: Hanifah Nani
Published: January 2025

abdimas ini adalah “Penyuluhan Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Pelecehan/Kekerasan Seksual kepada Siswa di SMPN 15 Kota Bekasi”. Sasaran abdimas adalah siswa kelas XI. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan tanya jawab online di zoom meeting karena belum melaksanakan pembelajaran secara tatap muka sebagai akibat dari wabah  Covid 19. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan abdimas setelah diberikan penyuluhan materi tersebut adalah siswa mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang pengertian, sebab, dampak, pencegahan dan penanggulangan pelecehan/kekerasan seksual sehingga siswa dapat berhati-hati agar tidak terjadi pada dirinya, berani melawan, berani menolak dan berani mengungkapkan kejadian (melaporkan) kejadian yang sebenarnya kepada orang tua, guru, teman, tokoh masyarakat, dan polisi agar mendapatkan bantuan hukum dan bantuan secara psikologis.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI GREEN PURCHASE INTENTION DIMODERASI OLEH GREEN BRAND KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Elistia Elistia , Rohmatin Sartika Dwi
Published: January 2025

Environmental issues have become a serious concern for marketers, when the amount of waste continues to increase and is difficult to recycle. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence green purchase intention moderated by green brand knowledge. This study uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive causality method. The population in this study were consumers who were interested in buying environmentally friendly products of the Tupperware brand. The sampling method used non-probability sampling through purposive sampling techniques with a total of 152 respondents analyzed using SEM-PLS. The results showed that Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioral Control, Green Brand Positioning and Green Brand Knowledge had a positive effect on Green Purchase Intention. However, green brand knowledge which is a moderating variable shows that it does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioral Control and Green Purchase Intention. The findings of this study indicate that Green Brand Knowledge has a moderating effect, but weakens the relationship between Green Brand Positioning and Green Purchase Intention.
Advantaged Families’ Opportunity Hoarding in U.S. K–12 Education: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Posey-Maddox Linn , Powell Shameka N. , Roda Allison , Lenhoff Sarah Winchell , Miller Emily O.
Published: January 2025

A growing body of educational research uses opportunity hoarding as a construct to understand advantaged families’ engagement in K–12 U.S. schooling. Our systematic review of the literature reveals that advantaged parents hoard educational resources and opportunities in three key areas: (1) the creation and maintenance of white space; (2) school choice/selection; and (3) organizational routines. While much can be learned from the extant research, we detail conceptual, empirical, and methodological gaps in the literature as well as outline a future research agenda that can inform equity-oriented educational policy, practice, and scholarship. We argue that the concept of opportunity hoarding serves as a useful analytic tool for understanding how actors advantaged by race and/or class create and maintain educational inequities and can guide efforts to ameliorate it; therefore, it is important to understand how educational researchers might extend its use.
Electrochemical Properties of Al2O3-Fe/ Si Composites Prepared by High-Energy Mechanical Milling
Authors: Hernandez Hector Herrera
Published: January 2025

The growing demand in the manufacture of advanced materials with desired and unique properties (e.g. high mechanical strength, durability, good corrosion resistance and low cost of maintenance/replacing) is one of reasons to motivate the researchers to pay special attention in Ceramics as high performance materials for industrial applications. This is because conventional materials cannot meet the engineering requirements during their service that is why the need for advanced ceramic materials to achieve these industrial requirements. In the present work a study was made on Al2O3-matrix ceramic composites reinforced with 2%wt. or 5% wt. of Fe/Si particulates that were produced using a mechanical ball milling at high-energy condition. The electrochemical behavior of these ceramics was investigated by anodic polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in a solution containing 0.5N NaCl, whereas the morphology and microstructural features were examined by optical or Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
Legal Receipts and Reforms in Civil Procedure Law of Mongolia
Authors: Bat-Erdene Buyankhishig
Published: January 2025

Problem and Purpose: The brief introduction to Mongolian Civil Procedure Law (=CPL) in this article aims to evaluate pros and contras of the main reforms in the CPL since enacting the Constitution of 1992, the Civil Code and the CPL itself in 2002. The researchers held the transition from socialist law system into continental law tradition based on liberalism and social state successfully accomplished. But a fundamental reorganization of the legal system has not reached yet, especially the development of civil procedure rules and principles shows that the structure, style, ideological model and transitional regulations of the previous laws interacted with the new norms, methods and mechanisms of the reform, thereby influencing the formation of a mixed model in the legal environment. Methods: So, the main reforms and the further need for reforms will be discussed here under the spotlight of mixture of those legal methods which are persistent in the CPL of Mongolia from a comparative view to the old system. In comparison to the western countries, Mongolia faces many difficulties in the procedural law field caused by transition and rapid development of the environment. Results: The reform process did not stop at reforming the legal environment, but rather changed the regulatory structures of received norms, which led to a mixed structure that combined old and new in Mongolia. Generally, the judicial reform in Mongolia from 2021 has reached its goals and ended with new definition of Supreme court power. The digitalization of the justice is a continuous process, which arises the problems of digital evidence etc. In order to simplify the judiciary, the inclusion of low-cost case resolution procedure in CPL instead of dunning procedure shows that model procedures or class action models will come to good to the willingness of the Mongolian legislator to reform. Conclusion: Civil procedural law must not remain as resistant to reform as substantive law in order to be in line with new developments of technology and the economy so that participants in economic transactions can exercise their procedural rights in a timely manner. In this regard, new expected reforms are welcome, even institutes from different legal families can be transformed into domestic law, especially since the two major legal families have developed closely together.
Tracking the Last Glacial Maximum in the tropics: Human-environment interactions between 30-10 ka
Authors: leplongeon alice , Arous Eslem Ben , Mesfin Isis , Forestier Hubert , Gallet Xavier , Griggo Christophe , Puaud Simon , Sémah Anne Marie , Vialou Agueda , Pleurdeau David , Lourdeau Antoine
Published: January 2025

The World at 18,000 BP, published by Gamble and Soffer in 1990 represents the first, and so far the only, attempt at characterizing and discussing the impact of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) on human societies on a global scale. At that time, they highlighted that southern latitudes and tropics in particular suffered from very little research and data on the LGM. Since 1990 however, many sites dated to the LGM and located in tropical latitudes have been published. Many paradigms have changed regarding the peopling of the Americas, which allows the inclusion of the archaeology of this continent to be integrated to global scale studies of the LGM. The development of Pleistocene archaeology in tropical contexts, in parallel with methodological advances in cultural, geosciences and palaeoenvironmental studies have strongly reshaped what we know of the antiquity of human occupation in tropical regions and specific human-environment interactions. This article provides for the first time a pan-tropical perspective on the impact of the Last Glacial Maximum on human groups living within the tropical latitudes, drawing from case studies in South-East Asia, Africa and South America, specifically regions which have up until now never been discussed together. To this end, we focus on six different tropical regions between 30 and 10 ka. We present the archaeological and paleoenvironmental data available in these areas, along with proposed relationships for variations in these two records. Finally, we discuss at the regional scale the presence or absence of human changes (site density and techno-cultural change or continuity) before, during and right after the LGM.
Instrument Development: Trident Ф (Phi) Scale
Authors: Ashton Smith Mark
Published: January 2025

The Trident Ф (Phi) Scale was developed to assess cognitivefunctioning, grounded in the Trident G Theory of Intelligence and Resilience. This theory integrates constructs such as general intelligence (g), fluid intelligence (Gf), crystallised intelligence (Gc), resilience (r), self-regulation and mindfulness, underpinned by the principles of brain criticality and adaptability. The scale was refined from an initial pool of 39 items, drawing on established measures of mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, reality testing, self-regulation, and resilience. Through iterative psychometric evaluation, a final set of 22 items was identified.Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with oblimin rotation revealed a robust eight-component structure, accounting for 82.5% of the total variance. Components included Gf-WM, Gf-Gc, Executive Mode, Creative Mode, Cognitive Resilience, and three facets of 'Criticality': self-regulation, reality testing, and mindfulness. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.935) and high sampling adequacy (KMO = 0.824).This multidimensional scale reflects the theoretical underpinnings of the Trident G Model and provides an initial measure of cognitive functioning. Future research with larger samples will explore its predictive validity and applicability in diverse contexts including intervention studies.
Students’ Perception on the Application of Blended Learning within Clinical Rotation during the Covid-19 Pandemic at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran in 2021
Authors: Hariz Naufan Alpha , Permana Agung Dinasti , Boesoirie Shinta Fitri , Wijana  , Ratunanda Sinta Sari
Published: January 2025

The government of Indonesia has shifted face-to-face teaching and learning activities to online learning to prevent COVID-19 transmission. Still, clinical rotation and skills practice in hospitals are compulsory for medical students. Therefore, blended learning is applied. This new system is applied in the Medical Profession Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, and limited studies describe this learning within clinical rotation. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of blended learning during the COVID-19 pandemic based on students’ perceptions. Active students of Medical Profession Study Program from class of 2020-2021 (n=261) were invited to participate in this study. Participants were requested to respond to 21 “yes/no” questionnaire. This study was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022. Students who did not take part in the blended learning system were excluded from the study. The findings showed that most students were aware of the adoption of blended learning (yes > 50%). The highest percentage of "yes" answers was the question about students' awareness of virtual face-to-face learning activities (Virtual Synchronous) (98.95%). Meanwhile, the lowest percentage of "yes" answers was the question about the student's perceptions regarding the application of a structured schedule (during working hours) (38.31%). Blended learning during the COVID-19 pandemic from the student’s point of view is already per the decree and guidebooks. The structured schedule experienced by the students was not fully implemented during working hours.
Using of Technology Digital for Learning Management of Teacher at School under the 30th Network School Group, Prawet District Office Bangkok
Authors: Thapkun Wassana , Sanitlou Nipitpholt
Published: January 2025

This research on the use of digital technology for instructional management by teachers in Network Schools Group 30, Prawet District Office, Bangkok, aims to: 1) study the use of digital technology in instructional management, 2) compare the use of digital technology based on educational qualifications, teaching experience, and school size, and 3) explore guidelines for the effective use of digital technology. The research was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, data were collected from 125 teachers, selected through stratified sampling. A questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale was employed, and data were analyzed using means and standard deviations. In the second phase, interviews were conducted with three experts, selected through purposive sampling, using a structured interview format. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed that: Overall, the use of digital technology for instructional management was at a high level, with the highest mean score in the aspect of using digital tools. There were no significant differences in the use of digital technology based on educational qualifications, teaching experience, or school size. The proposed guidelines suggest teachers use online platforms (e.g., Google Classroom, Zoom) and applications (e.g., Kahoot, Quizizz) to enhance student engagement and enable real-time assessment. Teachers should also develop skills in programming, creating digital learning materials, and utilizing basic digital tools, with an emphasis on digital safety.
Cultivating Visual Literacy: A Play-Based Approach to Drawing Education for Young Children
Authors: Salimbeni Guido
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel, play-based method for teaching drawing to young children, emphasising observation, creativity, and the development of visual literacy. The method, refined through years of practical testing with the author's children, moves beyond rote copying and focuses on engaging parents in the learning process. It leverages fun, interactive exercises designed to enhance spatial reasoning, attention to detail, and an appreciation for artistic expression while fostering the understanding of drawing as a natural form of expression alongside language and mathematics, helping children develop a confident, lifelong relationship with visual communication that transcends common perceptions of drawing as an intimidating or exclusively talent-based skill. This paper also presents a literature review on early childhood art education and highlights the importance of drawing as a fundamental cognitive skill.
Authentic Emotion Classification: A Machine Learning Study on Therapy Clips
Authors: Diemerling Hannes , Kulla Patricia , Kruse Joachim
Published: January 2025

The recognition and classification of emotions play a crucial role in human life. In therapeutic contexts, this plays a crucial role in improving the therapeutic process by enabling customized interventions. Traditional methods often rely on subjective interpretation, which can vary significantly among therapists, underscoring the necessity for reliable and objective approaches. This study aims to develop computational models for predicting emotions from video material of real therapy sessions, building on Ekman’s basic emotions framework and extending it with additional emotional dimensions. The dataset consists of authentic therapy session clips. Psychology students, trained in emotion labeling, provided multidimensional labels for these clips, forming the basis for our model training. We employed both traditional machine learning and neural network techniques to predict these labels. Findings indicate that our classification framework achieves emotion recognition accuracy above chance levels, offering a valuable tool for therapists and researchers. However, model accuracy is limited by the inherent variability and subjectivity of human labeling. This paper contributes to the evolving field of automated emotion classification, providing insights into model performance and potential applications in therapeutic settings.
Dominant and Sustained Mutations, Deletions and Insertions in the Omicron Coronavirus JN.1, KP.3, LB.1, XEC, MC.1 and MV.1 lineages
Authors: CHAKRABORTY ASIT KUMAR
Published: January 2025

The JN.1 omicron coronaviruses had Unique 17MPLF spike insertion compensating 24LPP, 31S, 69HV, 145Y, 211N and 483V deletions in the spike. Such viruses also had 3576SGF deletion in the ORF1ab protein and 26nts or more 3’-UTR deletions as well as three amino acids (31ERS) deletion in the N-protein. Here, we found 30N deletion in the spike during our continuing analysis of JN.1 lineages like KP.2, LB.1.7, KP.3.1.1, SEC and MC.1 coronaviruses. A total thirty-one such coronaviruses were deposited in the GenBank during November, 2023 to December, 2024. The appearance of 30N deletion was found in many subvariants including JN.1.15.1, KP.2, KP.2.3, LB.1.7, XDK.3 and XDV.1.9.1. Thus, it appears that such coronavirus is very unstable and penetration is low. However, Swiss-Modelling of spike indicated a more compact symmetrical 3-D structure of 30NS deletion mutants with His440 as the first amino acid to interact with ACE-2 receptor using 7nc8.1.A (88.8% similarity) and 8x4h.1.A (99.07% similarity) templates. But using JN.1 derived 8y5j.1.A template trimeric spike 3-D structure was flattened or shorter and had protruding amino acids (Lys478, Gly479, Prp480 and Asn481 as well as Thr494 and Arg492 to encounter with receptor first. We also detected a T44I mutation in the Nsp2 RNA topoisomerase (XLQ96433) which was a target for drug development. The T224I ORF1ab mutation was found in about 300 coronavirus subvariants including JN.1 linages like MV.1 (PQ574026), MB.1.1.1 (PQ188371), and LB.1.7 (PQ386688). Further, the A211D mutation in nsp2; the P3395H, N2526S and A2710T mutations in nsp3 protease; the P3395H mutation in nsp5 protease; the R5713C mutation in nsp13 capping methyltransferase-RNA helicase were important ORF1ab changes. We suggested T19I, S50L, V127F, G339H, K356T, S371F, S373P, S375F, R403S, K417N, V455H, G446S, N460K, S477K, Q493E and Y505H dominant mutations (Wuhan position) in spike of JN.1 lineages. We also found the P13L, Q229K and S413R mutations in N-protein, the A63T mutation in M-protein, the T223I mutation in ORF3a and the F19L mutation in ORF7b protein which appeared dominant in new JN.1 linages studied. The 26nts deletion in the 3’-UTR was found prominent (99%) but few 49nt deletion could be observed (acc. nos. PQ685105, PQ685107, PQ701372 and PQ791363). The A68V mutation in the XEC.2, the H144Q mutation in the XEC.3 and the G71R mutation in the XEC.5 were found suggesting recent mutations were clustered in the NH2-terminus of spike.
Provincializing exception: the creation of (anti) tribal spaces in British India, 1776 - 1874
Authors: Scanlan Oliver
Published: January 2025

The influential narrative of tribal divergence argues that identities professed by Scheduled Tribes, Adivasis and Indigenous Peoples in South Asia today are colonial artefacts. The creation of specific “non-regulation” territories, governed separately from the rest of British India, was the key mechanism that facilitated the emergence of this myriad of ethnicities. The British rationale was either ideological, or divide-and-rule tactics, or a combination of the two. An alternative reading is that such governance arrangements were the practical result of the colonial liberal project’s pursuit of frugal government and security. They were not exceptional, comprising one of many institutional arrangements implemented in an empire characterized by administrative heterogeneity. Special territories demographically separated rather than consolidated individual communities. Their impact should have been, in anything, anti-ethnographic. Tribal spaces did not create ethnic difference; there was ethnic difference and therefore the British created tribal spaces.
Grain size evolution in mantle convection models promotes continuous rather than episodic tectonics
Authors: Manjón-Cabeza Córdoba Antonio , Rolf Tobias , ARNOULD Maëlis
Published: January 2025

A long-persistent caveat of geodynamic models with Earth-like tectonic behavior is the need of an ‘ad hoc’ yield stress lower than any laboratory-inferred rock strength. Grain size reduction due to dynamic recrystallization provides local weak zones in the lithosphere thereby promoting lithospheric breakdown and continuous mobile-lid tectonics. Grain growth should instead (re-)strengthen the lithosphere and inhibit this regime. By modeling mantle convection in a spherical annulus, we analyze the impact of grain size evolution (GSE) on the global tectonic style. We find that grain size reduction suppresses episodic behavior and facilitates surface mobility over a range of lithospheric yield stresses, but GSE has no discernable effect on the transition to stagnant-lid tectonics. Moreover, increased grain growth does not result in higher episodicity either. GSE, together with composite rheology, modify the diagnostics within one tectonic regime. These findings support the importance of grain size evolution for stabilizing mobile-lid tectonics, but also cast doubt on the potential of damage to explain mobile-lid tectonics up to laboratory-inferred strengths.
Friendship Buffering and Autobiographical Memory Specificity in Young People with Childhood Adversity
Authors: König Maximilian , Buimer Elizabeth , Wessels Pauline , Quist Rachel , Verspeelt Emma , Ottenheim Nathaly Rius , van der Wee Nic , van der Werff Steven , Bos Peter , Liem Marieke , Peris Tara , Hitchcock Caitlin , Will Geert-Jan , Van Harmelen Anne-Laura
Published: January 2025

Background: Young people with childhood adversity (CA) tend to show altered autobiographical memory processing, such as reduced access to details of specific positive events, which may represent a potential mechanism through which CA increases mental health risk. Although friendship support is known to improve mental health outcomes in this population, the mechanisms underlying this protective relationship remain largely unknown.Objective: This study aimed to investigate associations between perceived friendship support, valence-specific autobiographical memory recall, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms in young people with CA.Participants and Setting: The study included 100 young people (aged 18-24 years) with low to moderate levels of CA, recruited from the general population across the Netherlands.Methods: Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to examine relationships between friendship support, positive and negative autobiographical memory specificity, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms.Results: Friendship support was not linked to positive or negative autobiographical memory specificity. However, it was associated with lower perceived stress (β = -0.44, p < .001) and fewer depressive symptoms (β = -0.21, p = .041). Autobiographical memory specificity showed no relationship with perceived stress or depressive symptoms. Furthermore, more severe CA (β = 0.21, p = .002) and higher perceived stress (β = 0.56, p < .001) were both associated with more depressive symptoms.Conclusions: These findings point towards a model where friendship support exerts its protective mental health effects possibly through reducing perceived stress in young people with CA, rather than through influencing the specificity of positive or negative autobiographical memories.
Indian Fiscal Federalism : Some Since Liberalization
Authors: Sahoo Pravakar
Published: January 2025

Not Available.
Status of women Employment in Organized Sector of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Mangala
Published: January 2025

Not Available.
World Food Programme, (2001), Enabling Development: Food Assistance in South Asia
Authors: Tiwari Bishwo Nath
Published: January 2025

Not Available.
Nepalese Household Economics: Agriculture, Wage Labour, and Remittances
Authors: Graner Elvira , Karmacharya Keshav B.
Published: January 2025

Not available.
Effect of Feeding Noodle Waste on Growth Performance of Calves
Authors: Dhakal Birendra
Published: January 2025

The insufficient supply of good quality feed in developing countries is the main limiting factor of livestock production, which accounts for approximately 70% of the investment in feed. Owing to the high cost of feed, farmers in Bhutan are unable to provide good quality feed to livestock; as a result, animals do not perform as needed. Some farmer heifers reach their body weight only at three years of age, which is supposed to reach 55 % of mature body weight 1t 13-15 month of age. Therefore, it is necessary to find good alternatives to locally available feed resources to address this gap and reduce investment in heifer production. This study was conducted at Dorokha, where 18 calves were fed noodle waste for 12 weeks to evaluate the growth performance of the calves. The Experimental animals were assigned to three groups T1 (normal diet plus 0.5 kg of noodle per calf per day), T2 (normal diet plus 1 kg of noodle per calf per day) and C (maintain only on a normal diet), through stratified random selection method with a completely randomized design (CRD). ANOVA was conducted to examine weight gain among the treatment groups (C, T1 and T2) and significant differences in weight gain were detected, F (2, 1) = 28.247, P<.05. In contrast the weight gain in the T1and T2 treatments was significantly greater than that in the control (C), t (213) =8.579, p<.05. The ADG of the control was 0.160 kg, that of T1 was 0.39 kg, and that of T2 was 0.43kg.  Independent t test revealed that the average weight gain of the Yangku and Yangkum breeds was significantly greater than that of the Siri breed in yearling calves.
Trident sign in Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome
Authors: Pradhan Utsav Lal , Wagle Ganesh , Pathak Sunil , Acharya Subhash Prasad
Published: January 2025

Not Available
A Profile of Organophosphorus Poisoning in Central Terai Region of Nepal: A Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Sah Sanjay Kumar , Sah Bishal , Ranpal Bishwanath
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Poisoning is the second most common method of suicide in Nepal. About 24% of poisoning death occurs as a result of ingestion of organophosphorus compounds. The present study shows sociodemographic as well as clinical profile of organophosphorus poisoning presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary center in mid-southern region of Nepal.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 108 (44 male and 64 females) patients attending the emergency department of National Medical College Teaching Hospital. Consent has been taken from the patient or their guardians before their recruitment in the study. The data were collected by using proforma. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0
Results: The present study shows organophosphorus poisoning are more common among females. Most common age group is 21-30. Majority of patients (32.4%) were from lower middle class. Students are commonly involved in organophosphorus poisoning which was about 38.9% followed by farmers. Majority of the victims (43.5%) consumed poisoning due to family issues. Most common intent of poisoning was suicidal. Majority of victims (65.7%) predominantly showed the muscarinic signs. Most of the victims (38.9%) arrived between 4-10 PM. Route of administration of poisoning was oral in majority of cases (92.6%). Most common compound used by victims was Methyl parathion (34.3%).
Conclusion: Organophosphate poisoning is common in female, farmer and students. Most common issue for suicide is family issue so proper psychological management and counselling should be provided to the venerable age group.
Toxicological Assessment, Medication Adherence and Non-Adherence in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bista Binamra , Sunar Suraj , Yadav Chandrajeet Kumar , Gurmaita Raman Kumar
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses significant global and national health challenges, with high prevalence, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Its management is complicated by co-morbidities and patient non-adherence to treatment regimens, compounded by toxicological issues such as medication side effects and drug interactions.
Materials and Methods: This study, conducted at the Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, involved 170 randomly selected patients. Data from medical records and interviews focused on adherence and toxicological concerns, with the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale assessing adherence. Toxicological effects were evaluated through patient self-reports and record reviews, with SPSS version 20.0 used for data analysis.
Results: The study showed that 85% of hypertensive patients were on non-ACEI regimens, while 25% with both diabetes and hypertension managed with insulin plus non-ACEI regimens. Only 32.9% adhered to prescribed regimens, citing high medication costs (51%) and toxicological concerns (12%) as primary reasons for non-adherence. Younger patients, specific occupations (e.g., teachers), and higher education levels correlated with better adherence.
Conclusion: The study highlights the prevalence of medication use and adherence in CKD patients, emphasizing the need for cost-effective strategies and toxicological monitoring to improve adherence and patient outcomes.
Knowledge regarding Dengue among the Nursing Students of Selected Nursing College at Birgunj
Authors: Mehta Anita , Malla Chandani , Sangraoula Ujjwal , Sah Rohit , Sah Sanjay Kumar
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in all regions of WHO in recent years. Dengue is widespread throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by rainfall, temperature and unplanned rapid urbanization. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge regarding dengue among the nursing students of selected nursing college at Birgunj. The results of the study will help identify the status of knowledge and requirement of training to the nurses in this particular disease.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional research design conducted in National Medical College Nursing Campus, Birgunj. In this study, study population are the nursing students studying PCL nursing in National Medical College Nursing Campus. The total sample size is 98 using total enumerative sampling technique for sample selection. Formal Ethical clearance letter was taken from the research committee of National Medical College, Institutional Review Committee (IRC) and formal consent was also taken from all the participants. Data was organized in order for editing, classifying, coding and tabulating the information.
Results: A total of 98 participants were involved in this study. The maximum number of participant was of 19 years and majority of them belonged to Bhramin/Chhteri ethnicity. The maximum number of participants belonged to PCL nursing 1st year (n=34, 35%) followed by PCL Nursing 2nd Year and 3rd year (n=32, 32.5%) each. Similarly, majority of the study participants were unmarried (n=86, 88%). The results revealed no association between the respondents knowledge scores with age (p=0.15); educational qualifications (p=0.87); duration of experience (p=0.58). The findings of the study suggests that majority of the participants were aware about the cause and spread of dengue fever. The majority of participants were known to have a good knowledge on the signs and symptoms in dengue fever; however only 66% of the participants were knowing about the first case of the dengue fever.
Conclusion: The study gives a conclusion that the formal teaching learning activities focusing on the different aspects of dengue fever needs to be implemented in the courses of the nursing students. The training regarding the same should be mainstay part of the dengue fever knowledge.
Revision of the cystiscid fauna (Neogastropoda Volutoidea) from Ascension and St. Helena Islands, Southern Atlantic
Authors: Boyer Franck , Renda Walter , Swinnen Frank
Published: January 2025

The cystiscid fauna from Ascension and St. Helena is studied on the ground of semi-intensive samplings worked during the years 2014–2019 by the Shallow Marine Surveys Group (Falklands, United Kingdom). The study of the shell morphology and of its variability allows to describe as new three Gibberula species in Ascension Island: G. monticola n. sp., G. oceanica n. sp. and G. gemella n. sp. The three Volvarina species reported from Ascension by E.A. Smith (1890b) look to result from wrong records in the literature. Marginella (Volvaria) consanguinea E.A. Smith, 1890 is recognized in the fauna from St. Helena and provisionally replaced in the genus Plesiocystiscus, together with a new species described as P. meridionalis n. sp. and wrongly recognized by E.A. Smith (1890a) as corresponding to Granula cinerea Jousseaume, 1875. A lectotype is appointed among the syntypes of Marginella consanguinea. The species Marginella (Volvaria) atomus E.A.Smith, 1890 described from St. Helena was not found in the samplings under study. Due to the similarities observed between the cystiscid fauna from St. Helena and that from South Africa, the occurrence of transportation of live specimens or of empty shells in seaweeds from South Africa to St. Helena deserves to be verified. The documentation of live animals of cystiscid species of St. Helena is required for a verification of the generic status of the considered species, of the possible occurrence of sibling species, and for possible comparison with the fauna of South Africa.
pplication of the apparatus of the theory of dynamic information systems in the study of sports training as an integral complex object
Authors: Sukhachev E.A.
Published: January 2025

In the article the possibilities of studying sports training as a complex dynamic object based on the theory of dynamic information systems (TDIS) were discussed. The TDIS methodology makes it possible to carry out the procedure of theoretical description of sports training, which is achieved, among other things, by identify-ing additional concepts necessary to represent a set of interrelations of the structure of the object under study.Pedagogical, biological and social aspects of the systemic representation of sports training increase the com-plexity of the synthesis of new theoretical knowledge. The problem of ensuring the completeness of the ob-tained theoretical knowledge about sports training as a complex dynamic object is being comprehensively updated. In turn, the TDIS methodology allows you to make the necessary settings to set the required parame-ters of sufficiency and completeness
Criticism of artificial intelligence and cognitive science: a return to the “pure mind”
Authors:   Omsk State University of the name F.M. Dostoevsky, Sapunkov A.A.
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the term cognitive science and the implications of using it to replace science proper. The author examines historical examples of secret knowledge technology and explores the possibilities of using artificial intelligence for this purpose by the ruling elites in their attempts to retain power at any cost. The au-thor is looking for an answer to the question — what evidence do we even have for the existence of artificial intelligence and its incredible potentialities? Studying the reasons for the widespread and rapid spread of the transition to cognitive science and the use of artificial intelligence is important in the context of the increasing overlap of multiple crises, including economic, structural, financial and social crises. The author concludes that new challenges and threats create new systems and institutions, but it is unrealistic to change the nature of all humanity for the sake of the interests of one group. Even if implemented, such a system will be unsus-tainable and will decline because it drastically reduces the diversity of the population, including its cognitive manifestations.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS COEFFICIEN OF DECENTRALIZED VENTILATION SYSTEMS WITH HEAT RECOVERY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hulai B. , Kuz O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bundzylo V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to studying of decentralized supply-exhaust ventilation systems (DSEVS) with heat recovery, which are an important element for ensuring energy-efficient air exchange in modern hermetic buildings. The problems of natural ventilation, which in modern conditions cannot provide an adequate level of air exchange without heat loss, especially in winter and summer, have been studied, and the effectiveness of mechanical ventilation systems has been substantiated. A comparison of centralized and decentralized systems is made, highlighting the advantages of decentralized systems in terms of ease of installation, space saving and the possibility of installation in already renovated premises. In the work, three samples of DSEVS equipped with copper heat exchangers, which provide high heat transfer, were analysed. The main goal of the study was to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the existing devices and develop recommendations for their improvement, taking into account the climatic features of the regions of Ukraine and Europe.
On the basis of the conducted research, the results of the efficiency of each of the systems, which are sufficiently close to each other, were obtained. This, accordingly, was expected, since the heat exchangers of these systems are made of the same material – copper. During the tests, the need for better tightness of each of the systems was determined, which can improve the results of their efficiency in the future. At the same time, the results of these studies may vary depending on the determination of the real air consumption of each of the devices, as well as the mass balance of the supply and exhaust air flows, which may differ.
The study confirms the effectiveness of countercurrent systems working on simultaneous inflow and extraction as optimal solutions for maintaining a comfortable and energy-efficient microclimate. The obtained results can be directed to the optimization of the design of the DSEVS and the possibility of operation of such systems in combination with natural or other mechanical ventilation systems.
ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN RESEARCH CASES OF PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Fesun І.K. , Vabishchevich M.O. ,   Kyiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lukashevych D.Y. ,   Kyiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2025

One of the leading areas of the engineering scientific community is the research of the performance of structures and systems in general during unlikely (extreme) events, in particular, the progressive collapse of buildings and structures. A large number of cases of collapse of buildings and structures of various purposes and levels of responsibility are known, and researchers in the field of progressive collapse are interested only in cases of the highest level of responsibility because the social, political, and economic impact of the loss of such buildings and structures is the most significant.
The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the phenomenon of the progressive collapse of buildings and structures based on the experience of significant foreign cases. The analysis includes the causes of progressive collapse initiation, the degree of disproportionality of progressive collapse, types of progressive collapse, and design features of progressive collapse cases.
The study uses an approach that not only includes the results of the analysis of direct cases of progressive collapse, but also provides statistical characteristics depending on the cause of initiation, type of collapse, and geometric location of the initial damage. Particular attention is paid to the compliance of the accepted methods for modeling progressive collapse with real cases of progressive collapse.
The study results showed that the existing estimates of progressive collapse cases take into account the so-called degree of disproportionality of the collapse. This is because it is only possible to guarantee resistance to progressive collapse if the collapse is only disproportionate. The fact that the initial failure of one or more columns occurred in about half of the progressive collapse cases indicates that modeling progressive collapse due to sudden column removal is rational.
Further research can focus on finding real collapse scenarios, in particular, the choice of a column that is suddenly removed from the scheme, studying the correctness of load redistribution when a column is suddenly removed, and studying the resistance to progressive collapse of buildings with structural schemes made of wood or precast concrete.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE STATE OF THE SURFACE STRUCTURE OF SHELL LIMESTONE
Authors:   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Semenova S.V. , Levytskyi D.V. ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2025

The article proposes a method for assessing the state of the surface structure of shell limestone. Shell limestone taken from the wall of a destroyed one-story building in Odessa was used as the test material for analyzing the surface characteristics of the structure. The structural characteristics of shell limestone vary significantly even within a single layer, so to ensure reliable adhesion of restoration materials, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the surfaces. The material was studied using modern methods of fractal analysis, which make it possible to determine the key parameters of the surface structure. For the study, photographs of the shell limestone surfaces were obtained using electronic macrophotography, which were then processed in the Guiddion software environment, designed for research in the field of scanning probe microscopy. Modern analysis algorithms were used, including image filtering, calculation of fractal dimension and construction of autocorrelation functions. This made it possible to estimate surface parameters such as roughness, texture and fractal properties. Several methods have been selected to determine the fractal dimension, which is an important task in analyzing structures such as reliefs, textures, and functional surfaces. Fractal analysis of shell limestone images was performed using several measurement algorithms – cube counting methods, triangular prisms, power spectrum, and separation (variational). The used method for assessing the state of the shell limestone surface structure allows for the selection of restoration materials with the required physical, chemical, rheological, and strength properties. The proposed approach can be used to adapt restoration compositions to porous substrates in various architectural and historical monuments.