bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Test of Various Carrier Materials Against Viability and Conidia Density in Some Liquid Biopesticides of Entomopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Triasih Unun , Agustina Dina , Agustina Dina , Dwiastuti Mutia Erti , Dwiastuti Mutia Erti , Wuryantini Susi , Wuryantini Susi
Published: October 2019

Indonesia is a country that has a large biological diversity but has not been fully utilized for agriculture. The effectiveness of biological agents in controlling pests and plant diseases still needs further investigation, one of which is the use of entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storage on the viability and density of conidia in several entomopathogenic fungi; Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Paecilomyces. This study used 5 entomopathogenic fungi isolates, 2 Beauveria bassiana isolates (JBG and JBR), 2 Metarhizium anisopliae isolates (JBG and UST), 1 Paecilomyces. Biopesticide carrier material consisted of 6 carrier materials, namely soybean decoction waste, soy washing waste, Potato Dextrose Agar, tapioca waste, rice waste, rice washing waste and coconut water. Biopesticides have been made one year before and the viability and complexity of the conidia is re-examined one year later. From the observations of conidial density, the best was found in Beauveria bassiana JBG liquid biopesticide of 4.8 x 10 x conidia / ml from the initial density of 3.4 x 10⁸ / ml in the soybean decoction (RK) carrier material. The highest viability was found in JBG Metharizium anisopliae on soybean washing waste material by 14%. Key words: Conidia viability, conidial density, entomopathogenic fungi
TINJAUAN YURIDIS ATAS GUGATAN KEPEMILIKAN TANAH BERSERTIFIKAT TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN TANAH DENGAN CARA MELAWAN HUKUM
Authors: Mahrus Moh
Published: October 2019

Penggunaan tanah tanpa izin yang sah dari pemiliknya dengan cara melawan hukum, metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini ialah metode yuridis empiris yang mana prosedur yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah penelitian dengan meneliti data sekunder terlebih dahulu kemudian dilanjutkan meneliti data primer yang ada di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan hukum terhadap pelanggaran memakai tanah tanpa izin yang berhak atau kuasanya yang sah serta bagaimanakah pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam menjatuhkan hukuman terhadap pelanggaran memakai tanah tanpa izin yang berhak atau kuasanya yang sah. Kata penyerobotan sendiri dapat diartikan dengan perbuatan mengambil hak atau harta dengan sewenang-wenang atau dengan tidak mengindahkan hukum dan aturan, seperti menempati tanah atau rumah orang lain, yang bukan merupakan haknya. Tindakan penyerobotan tanah secara tidak sah merupakan perbuatan yang melawan hukum, yang dapat digolongkan sebagai suatu tindak pidana. Seperti kita ketahui, tanah merupakan salah satu aset yang sangat berharga, mengingat harga tanah yang sangat stabil dan terus naik seiring dengan perkembangan zaman. Penyerobotan tanah yang tidak sah dapat merugikan siapapun terlebih lagi apabila tanah tersebut dipergunakan untuk kepentingan usaha.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM TERHADAP UPAH KARYAWAN PEMETIK TEH DI PERKEBUNAN PT GUNUNG MAS PUNCAK BOGOR
Authors: Pasla Nopian , Lubis Efridani
Published: October 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis alasan menjadi karyawan pemetik teh di Perkebunan Gunung Mas, 2) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kepastian hukum terhadap upah pemetik teh di Perkebunan Gunung Mas Puncak Bogor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif yang melakukan pendekatan kualitatif yang melihat dan menganalisis norma-norma hukum dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Alasan menjadi karyawan pemetik teh di Perkebunan Gunung Mas yaitu buruh di perkebunan secara tidak langsung diisolasi dari sumber informasi sehingga masyarakat perkebunan tidak memiliki pilihan, dan besarnya ketergantungan mereka terhadap perkebunan sehingga mereka memilih untuk tetap bekerja sebagai buruh. Sebagian besar dari pemetik umumnya tidak memiliki alternatif pekerjaan lain dengan tingkat pendidikan dan kemampuan yang mereka miliki sehingga bekerja sebagai pemetik merupakan satu-satunya jalan keluar untuk mencukupi kebutuhan mereka. Selain itu fasilitas yang diberikan oleh perkebunan membuat mereka bergantung pada perkebunan karena fasilitas yang diberikan perkebunan merupakan alternatif untuk mengatasi persoalan hidup saat ini. 2) Kepastian hukum terhadap upah pemetik teh di Perkebunan PT Gunung Mas Puncak Bogor yaitu dengan adanya Perjanjian Kerja Bersama Perkebunan Gunung Mas yang dibuat melibatkan 3 lembaga yaitu serikat pekerja, perusahaan dan dinas ketenaga kerjaan yang didalamnya memuat syarat-syarat kerja, hak dan kewajiban perusahaan dan karyawan/pekerja, upah, jam kerja, jaminan sosial dan lain-lain
PENGARUH TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT BCD BOGOR
Authors: Zulkarnain Iskandar , Gemina Dwi , Yunningsih Erni
Published: October 2019

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja karyawan dipengaruhi oleh total quality management (TQM) simultan dan parsial di PT BCD. Fokus pelanggan, perbaikan berkesinambungan, dan pemberdayaan SDM variabel dalam TQM. Metode analisis deskriptif dengan Skala likert untuk analisis desktiptif, sedangkan untuk analisis verifikatif menggunakan koefisien determinasi, korelasi berganda, dan pengujian regresi. Data kuesioner didapatkan dari 100 orang karyawan bagian produksi, quality control, utility, dan gudang. Kuesioner teruji dengan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, dan juga asumsi klasik. Hasil dari pengujian tersebut valid, reliabel dipakai untuk data regresi. Hasil pengujian koefisien determinasi (R2) 68,40 persen, sedangkan faktor lain mempengaruhi 31,60 persen. Hubungan antara TQM dan kinerja sangat kuat karena hasil koefisien sebesar 0,827. Kinerja karyawan dipengaruhi oleh TQM secara keseluruhan (simultan). Secara parsial fokus pelanggan juga perbaikan berkesinambungan mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan, sedangkan variabel tidak berpengaruh adalah pemberdayaan SDM.
The Practicing Degree Of Professional Empowerment Standards Among The Arab Elementary School Principals In Israel.
Authors: audi said
Published: October 2019

This study aimed at identifying the practicing degree of professional empowerment standards among the school principals, the survey& questionnaire was used as a study, and its Validity and Reliability, and test- retest method. in sample of (194) principals. The study findings that the practicing degree of professional empowerment standards was medium& the dimensions came respectively: (organizational climate, instruction management, relationship management, the vision and strategic planning), there are differences in the practicing degree, experience, qualification. While there aren't significant to gender. The study recommended delegating the authority to empower them making decision and involving the school community in developing the public school policies.
analisa lemak
Authors: bin sugeng rijanto mulono apriyanto
Published: October 2019

materi analisa pangan
STEAM
Authors: Azalea Fariha
Published: October 2019

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat disebabkan adanya revolusi industri, yang saat ini berada pada revolusi industri 4.0 mengakibatkan berbagai perubahan dalam segala sendi kehidupan manusia, termasuk dunia pendidikan yang harus membekali siswa dengan berbagai keterampilan yang dikenal dengan keterampilan abad ke-21. Salah satu gerakan yang dimunculkan adalah pembelajaran STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) yang kemudian berkembang menjadi STEAM (dengan penambahan ‘Arts’), bertujuan membekali para siswa dengan berbagai keterampilan yang dibutuhkan untuk menghadapi berbagai perubahan dunia yang tidak terduga. Sekalipun terdapat beberapa perbedaan pendapat mengenai STEM/STEAM dan kendala dalam implementasinya, namun diyakini dapat membekali siswa untuk dapat beradaptasi terhadap berbagai perubahan yang akan mereka hadapi kelak. Pada tulisan ini disajikan sekilas tentang revolusi industri 4.0 yang menjadi latar belakang penyiapan siswa untuk memiliki keterampilan abad ke-21, STEM menuju STEAM dan keterampilan yang diharapkan dapat terbentuk dengan pembelajaran tersebut, saran bagaimana persiapan dan implementasi pembelajaran STEAM beserta contoh dalam buku pelajaran biologi yang memiliki fitur STEM/STEAM.
Forma mentis networks map how nursing and engineering students enhance their mindsets about innovation and health during professional growth
Authors: Stella Massimo , Zaytseva Anna
Published: October 2019

Reconstructing a "forma mentis" or mindset, and its changes, means capturing how individuals perceive topics, trends and experiences over time. To this aim we use forma mentis networks (FMNs), which enable direct, microscopic access to how individuals conceptually perceive concepts and sentiment around a topic, providing richer contextual information than machine learning. FMNs constitute cognitive representations of stances through psycholinguistic tools like conceptual associations from semantic memory (free associations, i.e. one concept eliciting another) and affect norms (valence, i.e. how attractive a concept is). We test FMNs by investigating how Norwegian nursing and engineering students perceived innovation and health before and after a 2-month research project in e-health. We built and analysed FMNs by 6 individuals, based on 75 cues about innovation and health, and leading to 1000 associations between 730 concepts. We repeated this procedure before and after the project.When investigating changes over time, individual FMNs highlighted drastic improvements in all students' stances towards "teamwork", "collaboration", "engineering" and "future", indicating the acquisition and strengthening of a positive stance towards innovation. Nursing students improved their perception of "robots" and "technology" and related them to the future of nursing. A group-level analysis related these changes to the emergence of conceptual associations during the project, indicating openness towards multidisciplinary collaboration, and a positive, leadership-oriented group dynamics. The whole group identified "mathematics" and "coding" as highly relevant concepts after the project. When investigating persistent associations, characterising the core of students' mindsets, network distance entropy and closeness identified concepts related to "personal well-being", "professional growth" and "teamwork" as pivotal. This result aligns with previous studies reporting the relevance of teamwork and personal well-being for Norwegian healthcare professionals and it extends them to the novel e-health sector.Our results indicate that forma mentis networks are powerful proxies for detecting individual- and group-level mindset changes due to professional growth. FMNs open new scenarios for data-informed, multidisciplinary interventions aimed at professional training in innovation.
Pengelolaan Sarana Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: ATRIANI NOVA , kadri hanif al
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this article is research are to describe the characteristics of: 1) the learning facilities planning; 2) the utilities of learning facilities; and 3) the maintenance of learning facilities at Primary School to facilitate the teaching and learning process. The data collecting method was done using in-depth interviewing, observation, and document techniques. The data analysis was done using single case analysis design. The analysis design selection for qualitative research conveys three main components, namely data reduction, data display, and verification. The data validity is done using triangulation, key informant review and member-check techniques.The learning facilities controlling strategies were done by teacher that specifically assigned to manage the schools learning facilities; and 3) the learning facilities maintenance of multimedia laboratory was done cooperatively with the computer suplier by special contract system. It is done with the effectivity consideration so that the teacher may focus their attention in teaching and learning process and the facilities were ready to be used at any time.
Gruesomeness conveys formidability: Perpetrators of gratuitously grisly acts are conceptualized as larger, stronger, and more likely to win
Authors: Scrivner Coltan , Holbrook Colin , Fessler Daniel M.T. , Maestripieri Dario
Published: October 2019

While associated with extreme terrorist organizations in modern times, extensive accounts of grisly acts of violence exist in the archeological, historical, and ethnographic records. Though reasons for this dramatic form of violence are multifaceted and diverse, one possibility is that violence beyond what is required to win a conflict is a method by which violent actors communicate to others that they are formidable opponents. The Formidability Representation Hypothesis predicts that formidability is cognitively represented using the dimensions of envisioned bodily size and strength. We tested the informational ramifications of gruesome acts using two vignette studies depicting individuals who either did or did not grievously damage the corpse of a deceased foe. Participants rated the individual’s height, bodily size and strength, as well as his aggressiveness, motivation, and capacity to vanquish opponents in future conflicts. Results indicate that, as predicted, committing gruesome acts of violence enhances perceptions of formidability as measured both by envisioned bodily size and strength and expectations regarding the outcomes of agonistic conflicts. Moreover, the gruesome actor was perceived as more aggressive and more motivated to overcome his enemies, and this mediated the increase in conceptualized size and strength. These results both provide further evidence for the Formidability Representation Hypothesis and support the thesis that overtly grisly violence is tactically employed in part because it conveys information about the perpetrator’s formidability.
Perceptual prioritisation of self-associated voices
Authors: Payne Bryony , Lavan Nadine , Knight Sarah , McGettigan Carolyn
Published: October 2019

Information associated with the self is prioritised relative to information associated with others and is therefore processed more quickly and accurately. Across three experiments, we examined whether a new externally-generated voice could become associated with the self and thus be prioritised in perception.In the first experiment, participants learned associations between three unfamiliar voices and three identities (self, friend, other). Participants then made speeded judgements of whether voice-identity pairs were correctly matched, or not. A clear self-prioritisation effect was found, with participants showing faster and more accurate responses to the self-associated voice relative to either the friend- or other-associated voice.In two further experiments, we tested whether this prioritisation effect increased if the self-associated voice was sex-matched to the gender identity of the participant (Experiment 2) or if the self-voice was chosen by the participant (Experiment 3). Sex-matching did not significantly influence prioritisation; the self-voice was similarly prioritised when it matched the gender identity of the listener as when it did not. However, we observed that choosing the self-voice did interact with prioritisation (Experiment 3); the self-voice became more prominent, via lesser prioritisation of the other identities, when the self-voice was chosen relative to when it was not.Our findings have implications for the design and selection of individuated synthetic voices used for assistive communication devices, suggesting that agency in choosing a new vocal identity may modulate the distinctiveness of that voice relative to others.
The life and work of professor Livery Osipovich Darkshevich (1858–1925). (to the 160th anniversary since the birth of)
Authors: Morgoshiia T. Sh. , Syroezhin N. A.
Published: October 2019

The main milestones of the life and work of L.O. Darkshevich. It is noted that the work of a professor on the study of the pathology of muscles and peripheral nerves is of great interest. As early as 1903, in a German manual on pathological anatomy of the nervous system, Liverius Osipovich wrote a chapter on the pathological anatomy of muscles. We emphasize that later they wrote several articles on cerebral and arthropathic amiotrophies. Studying the question of the so-called retrograde degeneration of nerves, he pointed to the development of degenerative changes not only in the peripheral, but also in the central segment of the nerve, which is of great interest for clarifying the spread of the process. The article notes that Liveriy Osipovich Darkshevich considered the creation of a manual on nervous diseases as the greatest debt of his life, which was the testament of his late teacher — Professor A.Ya. Kozhevnikov, who had not managed to do this. Well aware of the conditioned reflex principles of the central nervous system, Liverii Osipovich attached special importance to the cerebral cortex as a body of mental activity. He pointed out that normal mental activity is formed under the influence of incessantly arriving stimuli of the external world, which, having reached the cerebral cortex and entering our consciousness, give rise to representations, the appearance of which in turn gives rise to the manifestation of active cortical activity-the emergence of volitional impulses. Liverii Osipovich was an ardent supporter of active disease therapy and was often an innovator in this field.
PENGARUH FREKUENSI DAN APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA ABAMECTIN TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN POPULASI DAN PERSENTASE SERANGAN LALAT PENGOROK DAUN LIRIOMYZA SPP (DIPTERA: AGROMYSIDAE)
Authors: Arfan Arfan , Bangkele Lisa Indriani , Noer Hasmari
Published: October 2019

Effect of Frequency and Application of Abamectin Insecticides on Population Abundance and Attack Level of Leafminer Liriomyza, spp. (Diptera: Agromysidae) is one of the main pests on the Lembah Palu red onion, where this pest is relatively new in the Palu Valley. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of frequency and application of insecticides on population abundance, and the attack rate of  L. chinensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on the Lembah Palu red onion plant under applied and unapplied insecticide. The treatment of abamectin insecticide was applied once a week with a concentration of 1 ml of formulation per liter of water, beginning at the age of 2 MST and ending at 7 MST. The results showed that there were 2 species of Liriomyza, spp associated with Palu valley red onion i.e. Liriomyza chinensis and Liriomyza sativae. This research found that the application of Abamectin insecticides significantly affected population development and the percentage of Liriomyza, spp. on the lembah Palu red onion.
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN PESTISIDA PADA PETANI BAWANG MERAH DI DESA WOMBO MPANAU KECAMATAN TANANTOVEA KABUPATEN DONGGALA
Authors: Satyani Tri , Arfan Arfan , Sayani Sayani
Published: October 2019

This study aims to study and determine the behavior of farmers in the use of pesticides on shallots in Wombo Mpanau Village, Tanantovea District. This study uses a simple random method. The data obtained is collected, processed and analyzed. Analysis was carried out to determine the frequency of data in each variable. Primary data obtained through interviews were analyzed to provide a concise picture of groups of data in one frequency table. Types of pests that attack onion in Wombo Mpanau Village are leaf caterpillars, leaf flies, trips, flour dew, and fusarium wilt. The most widely used pest control method is the use of chemical pesticides, which reaches 70% of respondents. The knowledge of farmers on the application of pesticides is relatively good, namely 100% of respondents apply pesticides when there are symptoms of attack and if other controls are unable to overcome the pest attack. Knowledge of farmers on the use of doses of pesticides is relatively good, namely 100% of respondents use the dosage according to the recommendations listed on the packaging. The actions of farmers when applying pesticides in general are not mixing pesticides. The majority of respondents have taken the right action in terms of storing semrot and pesticides in a special place. But on the other hand the awareness of farmers is still low, because there are still many farmers who wash sprayers in rivers or ditches.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI GOGO
Authors: Izni Izni , Pas Aris Aksarah , Jumardin Jumardin
Published: October 2019

This study aims to study the growth response and yield of gogo rice at various doses of household waste organic fertilizer. This study uses a randomized block design (RAK) of one factor. Grouping based on sunlight. The treatment that was tried was various doses of household organic liquid fertilizer (POC), namely, POC0 = without POC, POC1 = 200 ml / plant, POC2 = 250 ml / plant, POC3 = 300 ml / plant. The results showed that the treatment of various doses of liquid organic fertilizer had a significant effect on the growth and yield of gogodan rice and the treatment dose of 300 ml / plant had a higher effect compared to other treatments on the growth and yield of gogo rice plants.
Stability and exact controllability of a Timoshenko system with only one fractional damping on the boundary
Authors: Akil Mohammad , Chitour Yacine , Ghader Mouhammad , Wehbe Ali
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we study the indirect boundary stability and exact controllability of a one-dimensional Timoshenko system. In the first part of the paper, we consider the Timoshenko system with only one boundary fractional damping. We first show that the system is strongly stable but not uniformly stable. Hence, we look for a polynomial decay rate for smooth initial data. Using frequency domain arguments combined with the multiplier method, we prove that the energy decay rate depends on coefficients appearing in the PDE and on the order of the fractional damping. Moreover, under the equal speed propagation condition, we obtain the optimal polynomial energy decay rate. In the second part of this paper, we study the indirect boundary exact controllability of the Timoshenko system with mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary conditions and boundary control. Using non-harmonic analysis, we first establish a weak observability inequality, which depends on the ratio of the waves propagation speeds. Next, using the HUM method, we prove that the system is exactly controllable in appropriate spaces and that the control time can be small.
Çocuk Youtuber’larda Sorunlu Bir Alan: Tüketim ile Mahremiyetin Yitimi
Authors: SEKMEN Muhsine
Published: October 2019

Video
paylaşım sitesi olan Youtube’a her gün milyonlarca insan “Broadcast Yourself”
sloganından hareketle yaşam hikâyelerini eklemekte ve geniş bir kitleye
sunmaktadır. Youtube’un kullanıcıya açılmasıyla ortaya çıkan “Youtuber”lar,
yeni medya alanını hem popüler olma hem de para kazanma güdüsüyle
kullanmaktadırlar. Youtube’da yayınlanan içeriklere reklam verilmesi, yayın
içeriklerinde reklama yer veren yaşam hikâyelerinin desteklenmesi gibi farklı
şekillerde Youtube’un maddi kazanç sağlamaya yönelik pratikler içerdiği
görülmektedir.

            Öte yandan kişisel yaşam hikâyelerinin
yer aldığı Youtube videolarında, çocukların kullanılması, sanal uzama çocuk
yaşamlarının dâhil edilmesi ve çocuğun maddi kazanç elde etmede bir araç olarak
kullanılması bu alanı sorunlu hale getirmektedir. Çocuk yaşam deneyimlerinin,
tüketime eşlik edecek şekilde ebeveyn kontrolünde içerik oluşturularak
sunulması, çocuk yaşamının mahremiyetini ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Buradan
hareketle bir buçuk milyon üye sayısına sahip olan “Prenses Elif” Youtube
sayfası, babasının kontrolünde yürütülerek çocuğun yaşam alanına eklenen ürün
reklamlarıyla dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Prenses Elif Youtube
sayfası, tüketim ve çocuk mahremiyeti kavramları ışığında içerik analizi ile
incelenecektir. Bu çalışmada; çocuğun yaşam evrenine dâhil edilen tüketim olgusu
ile ebeveynleri tarafından yok edilen mahremiyetinin incelenmesi
amaçlanmaktadır.
Defining age-related skin tears: a review
Authors: Rayner Robyn , Carville Keryln , Leslie Gavin
Published: October 2019

Skin tears are reported to be the most common wound found amongst elderly individuals, yet there is a lack of evidence and consensus on a definition for these age-related traumatic injuries. A consensus on definition is essential for benchmarking prevalence and incidence and informing clinical diagnosis, management and reporting. This paper examines the extent of similarity and heterogeneity between the published definitions of skin tears and the underpinning evidence for the same. Five criteria were used to evaluate and compare the published skin tear definitions – reference to skin pathology; cause of injury; effect of injury; site of injury; and reference to the population group being studied. As a result of the review and recent research findings, which explicitly demonstrate age-related changes to the structural and mechanical properties of skin and associated increased risk of skin tears, the authors present a new skin tear definition based on these findings. Skin tears are defined as trauma-induced partial or full thickness wounds which primarily occur on the extremities of older persons with age-related changes to the skin’s structural and mechanical support properties, and are commonly associated with elastosis and/or ecchymosis.
Technology - Development Investment and Firm Productivity in Developing Countries
Authors: Nguyen Thi Nguyet
Published: October 2019

This paper empirically investigates the impact of IT facilities and development investments on labor productivity to test the “productivity paradox”, the interaction effects of firm-level contextual factors on this relationship, and the determinants of productivity for Vietnamese enterprises. In contrast to most of the existing literature that mainly consider patents or R&D in the relationship with firm productivity, this study investigates actual investments in two main areas: (i) Information technology facilities; (ii) development investment capital. The balanced panel dataset, which corresponds to a strong process of integration and globalization in Vietnam during the period 2001-2005, is investigated separately for the manufacturing and commer- cial-service sectors as well as the whole economy for comparison. Applying the fixed and random effects models, my findings imply that the “productivity paradox” does not occur for R&D for all firms, for computerization for manufacturing firms, for LAN connection and Internet situation for the commercial firms. In addition, the effects of IT facilities and development investments on labor productivity significant- ly depend on contextual moderating factors
Determinants of The Accessibility of Vietnamese Enterprises to Capital from Banks and Credit Institutions
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong Nham , To Trung Thanh
Published: October 2019

The difficulty of enterprises in accessing capital is one of the barriers for development of Vietnamese enterprises in general and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in particular. Difficult accessibility to capital forces enterprises to pay additional costs (both formal and informal) in order to obtain loans, thereby increasing their cost of production. This research using the Multilogistic model accesses the factors that influence accessibility to capital from financial institutions (banks and credit institutions) and uses sample survey data from 695 enterprises implemented in December 2017. The research points out that besides the factors related to the business and institutional environment, the factors related to the internal problems of enterprises such as size, ownership form, age of the enterprise, collateral, return on assets (ROA), quality of business reports... or informal expenses, all affect accessibility to loans from financial institutions. Based on that, the author proposes a number of recommendations to improve accessibility to these loans for enterprises in general and SMEs in particular in Vietnam in the current period.
Factors Affecting Tourist Satisfaction with Traditional Craft Tea Villages in Thai Nguyen Province
Authors: Vu Quynh Nam , Tran Chi Thien
Published: October 2019

Data collected from a survey of 215 visitors in 3 traditional craft tea villages in Thai Nguyen province were analyzed by using multivariate data analysis (test for the reliability of the scales, exploratory factor analysis and multivariate regression analysis) to determine the factors that affect tourist satisfaction with the villages as tourism destinations. The results showed that natural characteristics, infrastructure, service quality, government support, and emotional values are major factors that influence tourist satisfaction. Based on that, the study proposed some solutions for the local government, tourism enterprises and the local communities to improve tourist satisfaction and develop traditional craft tea village tourism in Thai Nguyen province towards a sustainable manner.
SİNDRELLA KOMPLEKSİ: ÇAĞDAŞ KADINDA BAĞIMSIZLIK KORKUSU
Authors: YILDIRIM Sait
Published: October 2019

Sindrella Kompleksi Çağdaş Kadında
Bağımsızlık Korkusu
A Case of Myeloid Sarcoma in the Nasal Cavity Occurred in the Patient with Leukemic Transformation in Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Lee Dong Hoo , Park Sung Yool , Park Ha Young , Park Seong Kook
Published: October 2019

Myeloid sarcoma is characterized by the presence of myeloid blasts at an extramedullar site that disrupts the normal architecture of the organ. Many of these cases are associated with acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or occur in de novo. It occurs most commonly in skin, lymph node, gastrointestinal tract, bone, soft tissue but, rarely in head and neck; especially in nasal cavity. Therefore, it is often misdiagnosed as a different disease: most commonly as lymphoma. Here we report a rare case of myeloid sarcoma in the nasal cavity that occurred in a patient with leukemic transformation with myelodysplastic syndrome, provided with literature review.
A Case of Nasal Angiomyolipoma in Young Man
Authors: Ko Min Chul , Heo Sung Jae , Kim Jung Soo
Published: October 2019

Angiomyolipoma is a benign tumor that is composed of adipose tissue, blood vessels and smooth muscle. The kidney is the most common site for this tumor. Although extrarenal angiomyolipoma is rarely found in areas other than the kidney, it has been observed in other organs such as liver, heart, mediastinum, spermatic cord, vaginal wall, oral cavity, and so on. Angiomyolipoma in the nasal cavity especially, has been very rarely reported in literature. Furthermore, nasal angiomyolipoma is mostly found in middle aged or old men. In this case, angiomyolipoma was found in a 29-year-old male patient who was the youngest of the reported cases. He complained of nasal obstruction and physical examination revealed a 1.5 cm sized mass in the left posterior part of the nasal septum. The mass was composed of an intimate mixture of mature fat, smooth muscle cells, and thick walled varying sized blood vessels histopathologically coinciding with angiomyolipoma. It was removed via endoscopic surgery without complications.
Perspective of the diatom research in the Arctic
Authors: Denisov Dmitrii B. , Kosova Anna L.
Published: October 2019

Large-scale diatom communities and diatom complexes of lake sediments researches in the Euro-Arctic region have been carried out. The high efficiency of bioindication of water quality and the state of ecosystems based on diatoms have been shown for the water quality assessment and anthropogenic loads rationing on water resources of high latitudes. Diatom assemblages from lake sediments of different types of aquatic ecosystems reflect the present-day warming of the Arctic climate and the effects of aerotechnogenic pollution. Diatom assemblages of surface (0–1 cm) layers of lake sediments could well serve for the integral assessment of the state of ecosystems and water quality. Diatoms diversity of the Green Belt of Fennoscandia in the territory of the Murmansk region has been investigated.
Review Pemanfaatan Design Expert untuk Optimasi Komposisi Campuran Minyak Nabati sebagai Bahan Baku Sintesis Biodiesel
Authors: Ramadhani Reshita Amalia , Riyadi Dody Herdian Saputra , Triwibowo Bayu , Kusumaningtyas Ratna Dewi
Published: October 2019

Mixing different types of vegetable oils for synthesis of biodiesel is one of the efforts for renewable alternative energy. Mixed oil of vegetable oils more potential because it is not difficult to finding raw materials and not useful yet. Vegetable oils mixture as raw materials used include: Jatropha curcas oil, nyamplung oil and waste cooking oil. The mixed and optimized compositions use the simplex lattice design method with a total mixture. The data to be obtained is the influence data of each mixed oil to decrease of FFA during esterification reaction. Simplex lattice design method is one of the methods available in the software Design Expert 10.0. The designs used to optimize the formula on different amounts of different material compositions. The biodiesel synthesis is run based on the experimental design produced by the Expert Design 10.0 program. The use of lattice simplex method design: determination formula, optimizing formulation variable and total number of runs, keeping total concentration constant. ANOVA (Analysis of variance) to determine the significance of response analysis among variables and can know the suggested model. Desirability is a method that shows the program's ability to meet the criteria specified in the final product. The desired value that is critical to the desired product improvement program is so perfect.
Prediksi Solubilitas (Absorpsi) Gas CO2 dalam Larutan Potasium Karbonat (K2CO3) dan MDEA Menggunakan Simulasi ASPEN
Authors: Kurniati Yuni , Qomariyah Lailatul
Published: October 2019

Gas karbon dioksida (CO2) merupakan gas asam (acid gas), karena sifatnya yang asam. Karena sifat asamnya ini, CO2 tergolong gas impurities yang sangat merugikan. Kecenderungan proses removal gas CO2 dari gas proses yang banyak diaplikasikan di industri kimia adalah absorpsi CO2 dalam larutan yang disertai reaksi kimia dengan menggunakan pelarut potasium karbonat (K2CO3) dengan penambahan amine sebagai promotor. Salah satu amine yang umum digunakan dalam industri kimia yaitu MDEA, dimana dikenal dengan proses Benfield. Data kesetimbangan fase uap-cair sistem CO2-K2CO3-MDEA-H2O dibutuhkan untuk perancangan yang rasional dan operasi yang optimal dari unit CO2 removal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi data solubilitas gas CO2 di dalam larutan potasium karbonat dengan promotor MDEA pada tekanan 1 atm serta komposisi K2CO3- MDEA yaitu 30% massa K2CO3–2% massa MDEA pada temperatur 30, 50 dan 70oC dengan menggunakan model elektrolit-NRTL. Perhitungan ini menggunakan program ASPEN PLUS V7.3, kemudian selanjutnya digunakan untuk membandingkan hasilnya dengan penelitian terdahulu secara eksperimen dan simulasi menggunakan MATLAB. Hasil prediksi dibandingkan dengan data eksperimen dengan ARD tekanan parsial CO2 22,5%. Pada penelitian ini, kenaikan CO2 loading pada rentang 0,0117-0,0187 menyebabkan kenaikan kelarutan CO2 dan tekanan parsial CO2 sebesar 2-3%. Selain itu, dengan adanya kenaikan temperatur dari 30- 70°C menyebabkan kenaikan tekanan parsial CO2 sebesar 2-3%

Carbon dioxide gas (CO2) is an acid gas, because of its acidic nature. CO2 is classified as a very harmful impurities gas. The tendency of CO2 removal process from process gas which is widely applied in chemical industry is chemical absorption using K2CO3 as solvent and amine as promoter. One of the amines that can be used is MDEA, which is known as Benfield process. The vapor-liquid phase data of the CO2-K2CO3-MDEA- H2O system are required for the rational design and optimal operation of the CO2 removal unit. This study aimed to predict solubility data of CO2 gas in potassium carbonate solution with MDEA promoter at 30% K2CO3-2% MDEA with various temperatures of 30, 50, and 70oC and 1 atm using the Electrolyte Non-Random Two Liquid (ENRTL) model. This calculation used ASPEN PLUS V7.3 program, then subsequently used to compare the results with previous experimental and simulated studies using MATLAB. The predicted results were compared with experimental data with ARD mole fraction CO2 22.5% by CO2 loading 0,0117-0.0187 . In this study, the increase of CO2 loading led to increased CO2 solubility and CO2 partial pressures . The increase in CO2 loading results in increased CO2 solubility and CO2 partial pressure 2-3%. Besides, in temperature rise causes an increase in CO2 partial pressure
Studi Fluidisasi dan Pembakaran Batubara Polydisperse di Dalam Fluidized Bed Berbasis Simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic)
Authors: Iswara Mochammad Agung Indra , Nurtono Tantular , Winardi Sugeng
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena pembakaran batubara dimana dimensi alat, distribusi ukuran partikel, dan jenis kualitas batubara menggunakan validasi dari penelitian Wang. Penelitian ini mengarahkan pada simulasi berbasis CFD. Kondisi operasi pada saat simulasi pembakaran dilakukan pada kecepatan bubbling. Metode yang digunakan sebelum melakukan simulasi pembakaran merupakan kelanjutan dari simulasi fluidisasi dimana masih menggunakan geometri 2-D fluidized bed lalu dilakukan meshing, selanjutnya memasukkan persamaan energi. Geometri fluidized bed yang digunakan berbentuk tabung dengan panjang silinder fluidized bed 1370 mm, diameter silinder 152 mm. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa pulverized coal dengan jenis batubara Bituminous dimana ukuran partikel dianggap polydisperse dengan ukuran partikel 1 mm dan 1,86mm yang masing-masing sebesar 50% fraksi massa dengan kecepatan 0,2 Kg/s dan suhu 1200 K, dan udara luar yang diinjeksikan dengan kecepatan 0,8 m/s dan suhu 300 K. Analisa pengambilan data adalah berupa kontur fase padatan, kontur temperatur pada fase-1 dan fase padatan, fraksi massa produk pembakaran, massa padatan awal dan akhir simulasi dengan time step sebesar 0,0001 detik dan number of time step sebesar 300000. Selanjutnya data tersebut diplot menjadi grafik temperatur terhadap time step dan disajikan dalam setiap 1 menit simulasi selama 5 menit simulasi.

This research aims to determine coal combustion’s phenomenon, where the device’s dimension, particle size distribution, and the quality of rank coal which validated Wang’s reseach. This reseach leads on CFD simulation. The operation condition has did in bubbling velocity. This method is a continuation from fluidization simulation which is use 2-D Geometry and then used the meshing method, and enter the energy equation. The geometry of fluidized bed used was tubular cylinder with 1370 mm length and 152 mm. Materials used in this study was pulverized coal with Bituminous coal type which the particle size was considered as monodispers with particle size was 1.43 mm and polydispersed with particle size was 1 mm with 50% mass fraction and 1.86 mm with 50% mass fraction with flow rate 0,2 Kg/s and the temperature is 1200 K, and the outside air are injected in 0,8 m/s and 300 K. The analysis of data retrieval is solid phase contour, temperature contours in phase-1 and solid phase, mass fraction of combustion product, initial solid mass and final solid mass simulation with time step 0,0001 s and the numberof time step 300000. Then the data is plotted into a graph temperature vs time step and presented in 1 minute simulation for 5 minute simulation.
Sintesis Nanoenkapsulasi Ekstrak Kulit Durian dengan Metode Spray Drying dan Aplikasinya sebagai Biopestisida: Review
Authors: Hartini Nina , Richana Syarifatur , Triwibowo Bayu , Qudus Nur , Kusumaningtyas Ratna Dewi
Published: October 2019

Indonesia sebagai negara agraris, sebagian penduduk Indonesia bermata pencaharian di bidang pertanian. Pada umumnya, masyarakat menggunakan pestisida untuk membasmi hama. Karena tingginya penggunaan pestisida maka WHO (2016) menyatakan kasus keracunan pestisida mencapai 193.000 jiwa selama tahun 2012. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, biopestisida menjadi bahan alternatif pengganti pestisida karena lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu bahan alam yang berpotensi sebagai biopestisida adalah kulit durian. Rata- rata produksi durian setiap tahunnya 780.032,8 ton/tahun. Limbah kulit durian memiliki berat 60-75% dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder relatif tinggi belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Senyawa tersebut dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan dan antimikroba dalam proses pembasmi hama. Biopestisida yang dikembangkan dengan metode sokletasi menghasilkan ekstrak berbentuk cair. Namun, hasil tersebut kurang efektif dan mudah teroksidasi sehingga menurunkan keefektifitasan kadar bahan aktif. Mengatasi masalah tersebut maka perlu dikembangkan inovasi dengan proses enkapsulasi. Artikel ini me-review pengembangan metode enkapsulasi. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk enkapsulasi biopestisida yaitu ekstrusi, spray chilling dan spray drying. Metode spray drying lebih berpotensi mengenkapsulasi biopestisida dari kulit durian karena memiliki efisiensi enkapsulan lebih tinggi dan hampir mendekati 100%. Distribusi ukuran partikel yang dihasilkan tergolong nanoenkapsulan.

Indonesia as an agrarian country, most of Indonesia's people work in agriculture. In general, people use pesticides to eradicate pests. Due to the high use of pesticides, WHO (2016) stated the case of pesticide poisoning reach 193,000 in 2012. To solve the problem, Biopesticide as an alternative of synthetic pesticides because it’s more safe and environmentally friendly. One of the natural ingredients that potentially as biopesticide is durian peel. The average durian production per year is 780,032.8 tons/year. Durian peels waste weighs 60-75% with a relatively high contains of secondary metabolite not yet fully utilized. It’s used as antioxidants and antimicrobials in pesticides. Biopesticide is developed by socletation method. However, the results are less effective because it’s easily oxidized, so reduce the flavonoid efectiveness. To solve this problem, to be developed innovation with encapsulation process. This article reviews the development of encapsulation methods. Methods that can be used for biopesticide encapsulation are extrusion, spray chilling and spray drying. Spray drying method is more likely to encapsulate biopesticides because it has higher encapsulation efficiency and is close to 100%. The resulting particle size distribution is classified as nanocapsul.
Pengaruh Kedalaman Anoda pada Metode Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) dalam Degradasi Pewarna Tekstil Remazol Red
Authors: Suminar Dian Ratna , Saksono Nelson
Published: October 2019

Limbah pewarna tekstil yang mempunyai komponen utamanya zat pewarna sintesis berbahaya bagi lingkungan sekitar. Pengolahan limbah pewarna tekstil secara fisika dan biologi kurang efektif. Elektrolisis plasma dengan menggunakan metode Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) merupakan bagian dari pengolahan secara kimiawi, yang efektif dalam mengolah limbah pewarna batik. Parameter kedalaman anoda sangat mempengaruhi dalam proses elektrolisis plasma metode CGDE. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedalaman anoda terhadap produksi •OH, energi yang digunakan proses degradasi, persen dekolorisasi Remazol Red RB 133, serta mengetahui penurunan konsentrasi COD limbah pewarna batik Remazol Red RB 133. Kedalaman anoda dalam penelitian ini adalah 1,5 cm dimana produksi •OH sebesar 11,63 mmol dan energi proses selama 30 menit adalah 806,4 KJ. Persen dekolorisasi Remazol Red RB 133 pada konsentrasi 250 ppm, terbesar selama 30 menit mencapai 99,66 %, pada kedalaman 4,5 cm dengan energi 1075,212 KJ. Nilai COD limbah pewarna batik Remazol Red RB 133 menurun dari 169 mg/L menjadi 3,6 mg/L setelah proses CGDE selama 180 menit (sesuai dengan baku mutu limbah).

Textile dye waste having the main component of synthetic dye is hazardous to the surrounding environment. Textile dye waste treatment is physically and biologically less effective. Electrolysis plasma that used Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) method is part of chemical treatment. The anode depth parameters greatly affect the electrolysis CGDE method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anode depth on • OH production, the energy used in the degradation process, percent decolorization of Remazol Red RB 133, as well as knowing the decrease in COD concentration of Remazol Red batik dye RB 133. The anode depth in this study is 1.5 cm where the production of OH • 11.63 mmol and the processing energy for 30 minutes is 806.4 KJ. The largest Percentage degradation of Remazol Red RB 133 at concentration 250 ppm is 99,66%, that’s reach at depth 4.5 cm for 30 minutes with energy 1075,212 KJ. COD value has decreased from 169 mg/L to 3,6 mg/L after 180 minutes CGDE process (conform to waste quality standards).
Karakterisasi Biodegradable Foam dari Pati Sagu Termodifikasi dengan Kitosan Sebagai Aditif
Authors: Hendrawati Nanik , Dewi Ernia Novika , Santosa Sandra
Published: October 2019

Biodegradable foam merupakan kemasan alternatif pengganti styrofoam yang menggunakan bahan baku utama berupa pati sehingga kemasan tersebut dapat terurai secara alami. Namun, produk biodegradable foam yang dihasilkan masih memiliki karakteristik sifat yang rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi kitosan terhadap karakteristik sifat biodegradable foam yang dihasilkan dari pati sagu alami dan termodifikasi menggunakan metode hidrolisis asam – alkohol. Jenis asam yang digunakan pada hidrolisis asam adalah HCl. Konsentrasi kitosan yang ditambahkan pada penelitian ini divariasikan mulai dari 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 % w/w dari pati. Pembuatan biodegradable foam dilakukan menggunakan metode baking process yang dimulai dengan percampuran bahan selain pati sagu termodifikasi, dilakukannya pengadukan hingga campuran menjadi homogen dan mengembang, dan dipanggang didalam oven dengan suhu 125ºC. Analisa pada biodegradable foam adalah analisa daya serap air, analisa kemampuan daya urai dan uji tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi asam – alkohol pada pati sagu tidak mempengaruhi gugus fungsi. Sifat mekanis biodegradable foam yang terbaik pada penelitian ini diperoleh menggunakan pati sagu termodifikasi HCl dan penambahan kitosan sebesar 20% w/w yang memiliki daya serap 4,95 %, densitas sebesar 1.2 g/m3 kemampuan degradasi sebesar 25.12 % dan kekuatan tarik sebesar 1,27 Mpa

Biodegradable foam is an alternative packaging for styrofoam which uses the main raw material in the form of starch so that the packaging can be decomposed naturally. However, the biodegradable foam products produced still have low characteristics. This research is conducted to determine the effect of the addition of chitosan concentration on the characteristics of biodegradable foam properties produced from natural sago and modified sago starch using acid-alcohol hydrolysis method. The type of acid used in acid hydrolysis is HCl. The concentrations of chitosan added in this study are varied from 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30% w / w of starch. Biodegradable foam production is carried out by using the baking process method which begins with the mixing of ingredients other than modified sago starch, stirring until the mixture becomes homogeneous and expands, and baked in an oven at 125ºC. The caracterisation of biodegradable foam are water absorption analysis, biodegradability analysis, and tensile test. The results show that modification of acid-alcohol on sago starch do not affect the functional group. The best mechanical properties of biodegradable foam in this research are obtained by using HCl-modified sago starch and addition of chitosan by 20% w / w which have an absorption capacity of 4.95%, density of 0.6 g / m3, degradation ability of 25.12% and tensile strength of 1.27 MPa.