bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The national question, identity and the crisis in South Sudan
Authors: Mangani Dylan Yanano , Molapo Richard Rachidi
Published: May 2018

The crisis in South Sudan that broke out on the 15th of December 2013 has been the gravest political debacle in the five years of the countryâ€™s independence. This crisis typifies the general political and social patterns of post-independence politics of nation-states that are borne out of armed struggles in Africa. Not only does the crisis expose a reluctance by the nationalist leaders to continue with nation-building initiatives, the situation suggests the struggle for political control at the echelons of power within the Sudanese Peoples Liberation Movement.Â  This struggle has been marred by the manufacturing of political identity and political demonization that seem to illuminate the current political landscape in South Sudan. Be that as it may, the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) hurriedly intervened to find a lasting solution however supportive of the government of President Salva Kirr and this has suggested interest based motives on the part of the regional body and has since exacerbated an already fragile situation. As such, this article uses the Fanonian discourse of post-independence politics in Africa to expose the fact that the SPLM has degenerated into lethargy and this is at the heart of the crisis.
Sexism, Stereotypes and Production Constraints in the Tanzania Video Film Industry
Authors: Shule Vicensia
Published: May 2018

In the current neo-liberal era, it is pertinent to interrogate the role of the video film industry in transforming societies beyond patriarchal and bourgeois gender stereotypes. The video film industry is popular in Tanzania, and bongo movies appear to focus on socio-cultural and economic issues, which largely pander to stereotypes as defined by patriarchy. In this article, I investigate the claim that â€œthere are no female producers in bongo moviesâ€. The statement invites analysis on gender roles in the film production industry in Tanzania as well as the content of the produced films. Meetings, participant observations and interviews were used to collect data and transformative feminism was employed as a tool for analysis. The analysis forms part of the process to document womenâ€™s struggles in various fields of occupation, linking products to means of production. The findings show that there are few female â€˜producersâ€™ in bongo movies. Depicted as â€˜just actorsâ€™, they are substantially influential and have exhibited extensive survival mechanisms in the constrained film production environments in which they operate.
Soccer Injury Movement Screen (SIMS) Composite Score Is Not Associated With Injury Among Semiprofessional Soccer Players
Authors: McCunn Robert , aus der Fünten Karen , Whalan Matthew , Sampson John A. , Meyer Tim
Published: May 2018

Background

The association between movement quality and injury is equivocal. No soccer-specific movement assessment has been prospectively investigated in relation to injury risk.

Objectives

To investigate the association between a soccer-specific movement-quality assessment and injury risk among semiprofessional soccer players.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, semiprofessional soccer players (n = 306) from 12 clubs completed the Soccer Injury Movement Screen (SIMS) during the preseason period. Individual training/match exposure and noncontact time-loss injuries were recorded prospectively for the entirety of the 2016 season. Relative risks were calculated, and presented with 90% confidence intervals, for the SIMS composite and individual subtest scores from generalized linear models with Poisson distribution offset for exposure.

Results

When considering noncontact time-loss lower extremity injuries (primary level of analysis), there was a most likely trivial association with the SIMS composite score. Similarly, the SIMS composite score demonstrated most likely to likely trivial associations with all injury categories included in the secondary level of analysis (noncontact time-loss hip/groin, thigh, knee, and ankle injuries). When considering hamstring strains and ankle sprains specifically (tertiary level of analysis), the SIMS composite score demonstrated very likely trivial associations. A total of 262 noncontact time-loss injuries were recorded. The overall (training and match exposure combined) incidence of noncontact time-loss injury was 12/1000 hours.

Conclusion

The SIMS composite score demonstrated no association with any of the investigated categories of soccer-related injury. The SIMS composite score should not be used to group players into high- or low-risk groups.

Level of Evidence

Prognosis, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(8):630–636. Epub 8 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8037
The Utilization of Formal Physical Therapy After Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , Solberg Muriel J. , Higgins Laurence D.
Published: May 2018

Background

It is widely believed that structured rehabilitation programs by professional therapists help guide patients through the various recovery periods after shoulder arthroplasty, speeding up their recovery and improving their final functional gains. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies providing information about the current state of physical rehabilitation use after shoulder arthroplasty.

Objectives

To describe the variation in physical rehabilitation utilization after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and to identify differences in utilization based on type of insurance (private versus public), sex, age, and region of the country.

Methods

This epidemiological retrospective database study utilized a commercially available database, PearlDiver, with longitudinal patient tracking linking all patients' Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision codes to their specific records to analyze patterns of physical rehabilitation usage after TSA and RSA in the United States. Two main patient populations were analyzed within the PearlDiver database, the Humana private insurance population and the Medicare insurance population. The period analyzed was 2010 to 2015.

Results

There was significantly higher utilization of physical rehabilitation in the Humana population when compared to the Medicare population (P<.001, Cramer's V = 0.270). In the Humana population, 36% of patients had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits in the 6 months following their operation, while in the Medicare population, 56% of patients had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits in the same period. Those with TSA had a higher utilization rate than those with RSA in the Humana (P<.001, V = 0.104; TSA, 31% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits; RSA, 40% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits within 6 months) and Medicare populations (P<.001, V = 0.135; TSA, 51% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits; RSA, 61% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits within 6 months).

Conclusion

Postoperative utilization of physical rehabilitation after anatomic TSA and RSA is markedly higher in privately insured patients than in patients with Medicare, regardless of age, sex, diagnosis, or region of country. These findings have important implications, from the individual patient's experience and outcomes to system-wide resource utilization.

Level of Evidence

Economic and decision analyses, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(11):856–863. Epub 8 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8176
Toward Learned Chemical Perception of Force Field Typing Rules
Authors: Zanette Camila , Bannan Caitlin C. , Bayly Christopher I. , Fass Josh , Gilson Michael K. , Shirts Michael R. , Chodera John , Mobley David L.
Published: May 2018

Molecular mechanics force fields define how the energy and forces of a molecular system are computed from its atomic positions, and enable the study of such systems through computational methods like molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. Despite progress toward automated force field parameterization, considerable human expertise is required to develop or extend force fields. In particular, human input has long been required to define atom types, which encode chemically unique environments that determine which parameters must be assigned. However, relying on humans to establish atom types is suboptimal: the resulting atom types are often unjustified from a statistical perspective, leading to over- or under-fitting; they are difficult to extend in a systematic and consistent manner when new chemistries must be modeled or new data becomes available; and human effort is not scalable when force fields must be generated for new (bio)polymers or materials. We aim to replace human specification of atom types with an automated approach, based on solid statistics and driven by experimental and/or quantum chemical reference data. Here, we describe a novel technology for this purpose, termed SMARTY, which generalizes atom typing by using direct chemical perception with SMARTS strings, and adopting a hierarchical approach to type assignment. The SMARTY technology enables creation of a move set in atom-typing space that can be used in a Monte Carlo optimization approach to atom typing. We demonstrate the power of this approach with a fully automated procedure that is able to re-discover human-defined atom types in the traditional small molecule force field parm99/parm@Frosst. Furthermore, we show how an extension of this approach that makes use of SMIRKS strings to match multiple atoms, which we term SMIRKY, allows us to take full advantage of the advances in direct chemical perception for valence types (bonds, angles, and torsions) afforded by the recently-proposed SMIRNOFF direct chemical perception force field typing language. We assess these approaches using several molecular datasets, including one which covers a diverse molecular subset from DrugBank.
Aplicação Da Ferramenta GUT Na Cadeia Produtiva Da Ovinocultura De Corte Da RIDE-DF / GUT Tool Application In The Productive Chain Of Sheep Meat Industry OF RIDE-DF
Authors: Guimarães Evandro Tsufa Lepletier
Published: May 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma ferramenta de priorização de objetivos para sanar os principais problemas da ovinocultura de corte na Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento Econômico do Distrito Federal (RIDE-DF)1. A partir da análise das fortalezas, fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças identificadas anteriormente em matriz SWOT, o quadrante “Vulnerabilidade”, formado pelas variáveis “Fraquezas” e “Ameaças” foi aplicado à Matriz GUT para sinalização de gravidades, urgências e tendências na cadeia em questão. O resultado revelou que a falta de confiança e comprometimento com a atividade mostram que o setor precisa perseguir uma ação coletiva muito mais eficiente da que existe atualmente, ao mesmo tempo em que deve manter a assistência técnica garantida pelo Governo.

 

ABSTRACT

The objective of this article is to present the prioritization of objectives to solve the problems of sheep raising for meat in the RIDE-DF, by means of the SWOT analysis applied by RIBEIRO in 2006. The quadrant “Vulnerability”, consisting of the variables “Weaknesses” and “Threats” was utilized and the GUT Matrix was applied thereon, in 2013. The result revealed that the lack of confidence in and commitment to the business demonstrates that the sector needs to pursue a much more efficient collective action relationship than that which exists today, and, concomitantly, technical assistance must be guaranteed by the Government.
Campos magnéticos. Panorama de la ciencia ficción peruana desde el siglo XIX hasta nuestros días
Authors: Güich Rodríguez José
Published: May 2018

El artículo se propone efectuar un recorrido que explique el proceso de la ciencia fi cción peruana, práctica cultural que hasta hace unos años estaba ubicada en las zonas periféricas del sistema literario, casi silenciada por las corrientes principales marcadamente realistas. Recientemente ha emergido como una tradición que se remonta a la fundacional novela de Julián del Portillo Lima de aquí a cien años (1843). El panorama continúa con una revisión de los diversos períodos por los que ha atravesado el género en nuestro país: Modernismo, Vanguardia, Generación del 50, décadas de 1960 y 1970 y desde 1980 hasta nuestros días. De este modo, se construye una perspectiva integradora que también toma en cuenta la relación de obras y autores con el marco de producción tanto local como externo. Se demuestra así que, en nuestro país, la ciencia fi cción nació independientemente de los centros hegemónicos occidentales para luego, con su especifi - cidad, dialogar con el signifi cativo desarrollo de esta narrativa y construir una identidad propia.
Desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências no estágio no Sistema de Saúde Pública da Catalunha, Espanha
Authors: Stein Caroline , Dickie de Castilhos Eduardo , Bighetti Tania Izabel
Published: May 2018

O objetivo foi descrever e discutir a experiência acadêmica no Sistema de Saúde Pública da Catalunha (Espanha) pelo Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras, relacionando-a com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) para os Cursos de Graduação em Odontologia do Brasil; características e produtividade dos serviços de saúde da Odontologia e do sistema informatizado do Centro de Atenção Primária (CAP). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de uma experiência realizada em um CAP da Catalunha em 2012, na cidade de Sant Andreu de la Barca. Contém análise bibliográfica documental de guias, manuais, livros e artigos de revistas nacionais e estrangeiras publicadas sobre o assunto, e dados secundários do CAP, obtidos em planilhas e página da internet do Sistema Generalitat de Catalunya. Os resultados mostraram que 3.316 pacientes receberam atendimento odontológico, sendo 3.141 realizados pela cirurgiã-dentista e 175 pela técnica em saúde bucal; foram realizadas 4.515 consultas, 1.421 exodontias e 586 revisões odontológicas em escolares. O sistema informatizado utilizado representava uma ferramenta tecnológica importante, pois todas as informações de saúde do paciente eram interligadas entre profissionais do CAP, o que tornava o processo de trabalho mais prático e organizado. Concluiu-se que a experiência acadêmica em serviço de saúde pública de outro país, tendo como ponto de partida os cuidados primários de saúde, pode contribuir na formação acadêmica do estudante brasileiro, pois se relaciona diretamente com as habilidades e competências dispostas nas DCN, tais como a atenção à saúde de forma integrada e contínua; análise crítica dos problemas; tomada de decisões; liderança; administração e gerenciamento; comunicação e educação permanente.
Burnout Syndrome among Dental professors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nascimento Vanessa Leandro , Revorêdo Saulo Fernando , Nascimento Eduarda Helena Leandro , Brasil Danieli Moura , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Lima Georgina Agnelo
Published: May 2018

A Síndrome de Burnout (SB) é caracterizada por estresse e exaustão relacionados ao trabalho, e afeta profissionais de diferentes áreas. O objetivo nesse estudo foi avaliar a prevalência da SB em professores de uma faculdade de Odontologia brasileira, e investigar se existem fatores sociodemográficos associados a essa condição. Quarenta e oito de um total de 72 professores de Odontologia (66,7%) participaram do estudo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico adaptado a partir do Inventário Burnout de Copenhagen (CBI), que analisa essa condição em quatro dimensões: burnout pessoal (PB), burnout relacionado ao trabalho (WRB), burnout relacionado aos colegas de trabalho (CWPRB) e burnout relacionado aos pacientes (PRB). Análises descritivas, testes t-student e ANOVA foram realizados. Entre os participantes, 60,4% eram graduados em Odontologia há mais de 15 anos, e 64,6% trabalhavam como professores na clínica. As maiores pontuações médias corresponderam às dimensões WRB (2,51) e PB (2,43), enquanto as menores foram relacionadas ao CWPRB (1,96) e ao PRB (1,81). Os escores não foram relacionados ao gênero, tempo de graduação ou anos de experiência no ensino. A maioria dos entrevistados classificou as condições de trabalho como "regular" (43,7%) e "ruim" (29,2%), com diferenças significantes em relação à variável materiais e equipamentos. Em conclusão, alguns professores mostraram sinais da SB, principalmente nas dimensões PB e WRB. Estudos similares devem ser realizados em diferentes cursos de Odontologia para investigar a presença da síndrome e prevenir seu desenvolvimento ou progressão.
Perception analysis of climate change and adaptations by smallholder farmers in Nepal
Authors: Ghimire NP , Aryal M , Regmi PP , Thapa RB , Pande KR , Pant KP
Published: May 2018

Climate change is posturing warning on present and future food security in low income countries. But, the actual effect of the climate change is still unknown. This study examined the farmer’s perception on climate change and strategies employed to adapt using primary and secondary data collected through household survey and reported by government. Statistical analysis is used for exploring the adaptations by farmers for the negative impact of climate change on domestic production of major cereals crops. The results are discussed at district level empirically and major variables are found statistically significant. This study conclude that there is a need for adaptations strategy by government authority in environmental management and agricultural sustainability in Nepal to come to terms with negative impacts of climate change and likely positive and beneficial response strategies to global warming. The paper suggests some policy measures for improving adaptations and food security situation in the country and open up some areas for further research.
Development of Medical Education in Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Pradhan Binita , Acharya Jenash , Ranjit Eurek , Bista Meera , Dixit Sanjaya Mani , Dixit Hemang
Published: May 2018

Background: When the Nepal Medical Council Act was enacted in 1964 it was accepted that it would be responsible for the regulation of Medical Education in Nepal. Subsequently followed the establishments of medical colleges of which Kathmandu Medical College is one.Present Status: Kathmandu Medical College started the MBBS program back in 1997 and has since then developed over the years. The development of medical education at Kathmandu Medical College ensued subsequently with the formation of Medical Education Unit Teacher Training Cell on June 2001. First batch of teacher’s training was held on February 2003 and since then the Medical Education Department has remained active. It was in the year 2014 that Medical Education Department was strengthened further and different committees and sub-committees were formed to develop the standard of medical education to new heights.Conclusion: The medical education has developed over the years as has been recorded in this paper. There are shortcomings to be corrected. For medical education to develop further, specific steps need to be carried out in future years to meet the challenges of international accreditation.
Soil Fertility Assessment and Mapping of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Dinesh , Lamichhane Sushil , Bhurer Kailash Prasad , Chaudhary Jeet Narayan , Ali Md Farhat , Lakhe Laxman
Published: May 2018

Soil fertility assessment is a key for sustainable planning of a particular area. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the soil fertility status of the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal. The study area is situated at the latitude 27°4’40.9’’N and longitude 84°56’9.85”E at 75masl altitude. Altogether 76 soil samples were collected based on the variability of land at 0-20 cm depth. The texture, pH, OM, total N, available P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn content in the samples were determined following standard analytical methods. Arc-GIS 10.1 was used for soil fertility mapping. The soil structure was angular blocky, and varied between grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) in color. The sand, silt and clay content were 24.41±0.59%, 54.57±0.44% and 21.03±0.32%, respectively and categorized as silt loam and loam in texture. The soil was moderately acidic in pH (5.67±0.09), low in organic matter (0.74±0.04%) and available Sulphur (0.8± 0.1 ppm). The total nitrogen (0.06±0.001%), available boron (0.59±0.08ppm) and available zinc (0.51±0.05ppm) were low. Furthermore, available potassium (50.26±2.95ppm), available calcium (1674.6±46.3ppm) and available magnesium (175.43± 8.93ppm) were medium. Moreover, available copper (1.36±0.06 ppm) and available manganese (16.52±1.12 ppm) were high, while, available phosphorus (77.55±6.65 ppm) and available iron (85.88±7.05 ppm) were found high. It is expected that the present study would help to guide practices required for sustainable soil fertility management and developing future agricultural research strategy in the farm.
Marketing and Socioeconomics Aspects of Large Cardamom Production in Tehrathum, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Nirajan , Bhandari Thaneshwar
Published: May 2018

A survey was conducted in November 2015 in one of the pocket area of large cardamom production in Teharthum District, eastern Nepal with aim to investigate the status of cardamom enterprises. The parameters used were cardamom production area, type of manure used, drying facilities, technical skills of farmers, market channels and variable cost etc. We purposively selected 30 cardamom producers and stakeholders for interview pre-designed questionnaires. The result showed that average area, production and productivity of large cardamom per household were 0.86 ha, 200 kg and 232 kg.ha-1, respectively, with the average farming experience of 22 years. It was revealed that 13% farmers used farmyard organic manure, the use of 1.5 kg/plant farmyard manure might produce 28.5% higher yield cardamom compared to without using any manure or fertilizers. It was also revealed among the responded only 7% had received improved drying machine from District Agriculture Development Office (DADO) at 50% subsidy, while only 23% of farmers received training and technical services from DADO. The study showed that per hectare average total cost of large cardamom production, selling price and gross revenue were NRs. 2,36,705 ($2255), NRs. 5,50,305 ($5240) and NRs. 3,13,600 ($2985), respectively, with benefit/cost (B/C) ratio of 2 after the completion of gestation period of 4 years. Our survey showed that predominant marketing approach was by direct sell to the traders located at district headquarter. The productivity of large cardamom was influenced by various factors, such as nearly 75.2% of the variation in productivity was explained by the number of active family members, farming period, area, intercultural operations, variable cost and depreciated fixed cost.
A new approach for landslide mitigation for sustainable development of the transport sector
Authors:   Institute of Transport Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dinh Van Tien
Published: May 2018

The phenomenon of landslides is a strong example of natural disasters that directly affect the development of mountainous areas in general, and the traffic and transportation sectors in particular. By observing the damages caused by typical landslides in Vietnam, it can be recognized that the response to this dangerous phenomenon is often quite passive. This paper proposes a new strategy to proactively prevent and mitigate the occurrence of this natural disaster for sake of new design and management of roads, especially in mountainous terrain areas. The core of the new strategy is to identify an area’s vulnerability to landslide using a landslide hazard map (LHM), created through a combined use of the landslide risk assessment map (LRAM) and the landslide susceptibility map (LSM). LRAM is outlined based on landslide inventory maps and is used for evaluation of an area’s re-activeness to land sliding. LSM is created using landslide manifestation data collected about landslide causative factors such as topography, geomorphology, geology, climate and human impact as a basis for predicting the future of a particular area. The establishment and use of LHM will contribute to landslide mitigation.
ESTABLISH THE PERCEPTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS THROUGH CYBER EXTENSION AS THE MEDIA INFORMATION
Authors: Fangohoi Latarus , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sukesi Keppi , Cahyono Edi Dwi
Published: May 2018

The cyber extension has a significant media in developing an extension program of agricultural information.  The government has built the cyber extension supported by the development of ICT and its utilization in the dissemination of agricultural information. It is expected to provide positive benefits in the improvement of competence of the extension workers.  The purpose of this research is to analyse the characteristics and perception of the extensions workers in the utilization of cyber extension to support their work. This research is correlational descriptive analysis by using survey method. The study was conducted in South Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. The sample in the research was all extension workers as many as 22 people. The result shows that the characteristics of the extensions workers as follow: the media used is a smartphone (100%), the working period is 5-10 years (77%) and the education level is high school (SMK/SPMA, 73%).  Meanwhile, the perception of the extension workers on the cyber media is high. It reaches 95%. They provide the positive perception on cyber extension concerning variables of benefit, complexity, and convenience.Keywords: smart phone, training, farmer, rural, ManokwariJEL Classification: D80, Q16
INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT BASED ON THE LOCAL WISDOM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rejekiningrum Popi , Kartiwa Budi
Published: May 2018

During 1980-1997, the management of water resources was done with a supply-driven approach.  This approach results in the expensive maintenance of water resources and the disregarded resources utilization of environmental sustainability.  Since 1998, The Government of Indonesia began to reform institutional irrigation with the financing supported by the World Bank. However, the institutional reforms of the irrigation have not yet reflected the exact changes as expected. Therefore, it is necessary to study the process of strengthening the institutional management of irrigation based on the local wisdom through the inventory of history series of irrigation management policy and empowerment of capacity building and institutional program of irrigation management. This paper presents an effort to develop the institutional irrigation management by exploring the local wisdom in the community. It can be used as a guide for future sustainable management of irrigation. Keywords: agriculture, Subak, Ulu-ulu, water resources, farmers’ unionJEL Classification: B30, Q15, Q25
The Effect of Iron Content on Microstructure and Porosity of Secondary AlSi7Mg0.3 Cast Alloy
Authors: Závodská Denisa , Tillová Eva , Švecová Ivana , Chalupová Mária , Kuchariková Lenka , Belan Juraj
Published: May 2018

In the present study, microstructure and porosity of AlSi7Mg0.3 cast alloy including various amounts (0.123; 0.454 and 0.655 wt. %) of iron were investigated. The alloys were produced as secondary (scrap-based - recycled). Iron leads to the formation of complex intermetallic phases during solidification, and how these phases can adversely affect mechanical properties, especially ductility, and also lead to the formation of excessive shrinkage porosity defects in castings. In order to determine the effect of iron addition to AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy, optical and SEM microscopy with EDX were used for microstructural examinations. Image analysis was conducted in order to determine effect of the Fe content on phases and porosity. It was found that increasing Fe content from 0.123 to 0.655 wt. % has no effect on SDAS but the morphology of Al-Si eutectic became finer. From EDX examinations, different Fe-based intermetallic phases (β-Al5FeSi and α-Al15(FeMg)3Si2) were observed. It was also observed that as Fe content increased, α-Al15(FeMg)3Si2 phases was transformed into Al5FeSi and the size and the number of Al5FeSi phases increases. The image analysis results revealed that porosity values were by increasing Fe content increased too. We can to predict, that with the increasing amount of Fe decreasing the mechanical properties (first of all) ductility (through long β-Al5FeSi intermetallic and high porosity).
Changes of the Magnetic Properties during Heat Treatment in AISI 304
Authors: Oršulová Tatiana , Palček Peter , Kúdelčík Jozef
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of the magnetic properties during heat treatment in austenitic stainless steel AISI 304. Investigated changes were caused by plastic deformation in material. Specific composition of alloying elements in austenitic stainless steels has got influence on their deformation behavior. Samples were heat treated before measurement of magnetic properties in different intervals of temperatures. The first series of measurements has shown, that it is necessary to make more precise analysis of temperature intervals in the second part of experiment. For verification of structural changes in material there was used hardness test Vickers method and observation by light optical microscope. There was proven that AISI 304 is slightly magnetic after cold forming, although in general it is considered as non-magnetic.
Estimation of Strength Properties from Microhardness Results in Dual Phase Steels with Different Martensite Volume Fraction
Authors: Béres Gábor , Weltsch Zoltán
Published: May 2018

This study is about the effect of the martensite volume fraction and indentation load on microhardness profiles of dissimilar types Dual Phase steels and DC04 mild steel. Experimental investigations were performed by mickrovickers method with using of eight different indentation loads from 0.01 kp up to 1 kp. Besides, microscope and tensile tests were carried out to complete the estimation.The hardness profiles show similar characteristics in case of all examined steels independent from the microstructure. In the lowest load ranges at 0.01 and 0.025 kp (HV0.01 and HV0.025), there are no appropriate approximations with the martensite volume fraction, due to the high deviation of the hardness results which caused by the little indentation geometry. In higher ranges, above 0.05 kp (HV0.05), linear evaluations could be applicable. With the utilization of the fitted parameters, a definite relationship is reported in the hardness values and even in the strength and elongation properties with the martensite content. Based on these correlations such contexts are added which make contact between microhardness and strength values for the practice. The discrepancy between the measured and calculated results stay under 10 HV which is less than 5%.
Food Sovereignty, the Irish Homestead, and the First World War
Authors: Martell Jessica
Published: May 2018

At the outbreak of the First World War, George Russell (Æ) published a series of editorials in the Irish Homestead calling for Ireland to secure food reserves against the demands he predicted Britain would make upon Irish agricultural sectors to fuel the war effort. Irish agriculture, Russell writes, is part of a peculiar market shaped by empire: ‘Ireland is a food producing nation’; and yet ‘a machinery of export […] automatically deducts’ Irish cattle, pork, butter, milk, poultry, and eggs, ‘week by week’, while ‘week by week’ bacon, meat, flour, and other goods are imported. The machinery of war, it is implied, could easily disrupt these trade channels and trigger a scarcity crisis. Such an event would not be caused by an actual food shortage but by the unpredictable pressures of wartime markets, in which what Russell calls ‘famine prices’ would deplete food reserves. By analyzing Russell's strategic deployment of the language of colonial economics, this article argues that Russell recirculates the cultural memory of Ireland's Great Famine within Revivalist discourse in order to protest the conscription of Ireland's food reserves, rallying support for co-operatives as a matter of national defense. Co-operation dispels perceptions of Ireland as a quaint backwater of sleepy farms and reveals a competing vision of rural modernity that contrasts sharply with the terrifying military technologies and sense of a traumatic break with the past that typically anchor understandings of modernity in the era. For Russell, securing food sovereignty through self-sufficient, decentralized cooperatives could secure political sovereignty for the modern Irish nation, providing a blueprint for a new social order as geopolitical categories were re-constellated by global conflict.
On the Relevance of the Concept of Intrinsic Evil: Francisco Suárez and Contemporary Catholic Virtue Ethics Approaches
Authors: Polgar Nenad
Published: May 2018

The article explores the relevancy of the concept of intrinsic evil/intrinsically evil acts in contemporary Catholic theological ethics as a particular way of giving an account of (moral) evil. The argument proceeds in two steps. In the first step the author turns to Francisco Suárez as one of the first theologians who tried to deal with the concept of intrinsic evil in an extensive and systematic way. The point of this historical exploration is to determine the meanings of this concept as it started to appear more frequently in the ethical discourse. In the next step the author presents two contemporary positions within Catholic theological ethics, those of Joseph Selling and Dana Dillon. Although both authors are proponents of virtue ethics, they disagree fundamentally on the role of the concept of intrinsic evil within this approach. While Joseph Selling argues in favour of eliminating this concept from theological ethics, Dana Dillon posits that theological ethics cannot function without it. In the rest of the article, the author explores this disagreement through various ways in which the concept can be used, while taking into account the aforementioned meanings of the concept. In the end, the author sides with Joseph Selling, since the concept of intrinsic evil does not seem to be able to fulfil the role it was assigned within Catholic theological ethics.
Exploring the Connection between Parsec-scale Jet Activity and Broadband Outbursts in 3C 279
Authors: Rani B. , Jorstad S. G. , Marscher A. P. , Agudo I. , Sokolovsky K. V. , Larionov V. M. , Smith P. , Mosunova D. A. , Borman G. A. , Grishina T. S. , Kopatskaya E. N. , Mokrushina A. A. , Morozova D. A. , Savchenko S. S. , Troitskaya Yu. V. , Troitsky I. S. , Thum C. , Molina S. N. , Casadio C.
Published: May 2018

We use a combination of high-resolution very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) radio and multiwavelength flux density and polarization observations to constrain the physics of the dissipation mechanism powering the broadband flares in 3C 279 during an episode of extreme flaring activity in 2013–2014. Six bright flares superimposed on a long-term outburst are detected at γ-ray energies. Four of the flares have optical and radio counterparts. The two modes of flaring activity (faster flares sitting on top of a long-term outburst) present at radio, optical, and γ-ray frequencies are missing in X-rays. X-ray counterparts are only observed for two flares. The first three flares are accompanied by ejection of a new VLBI component (NC2), suggesting the 43 GHz VLBI core as the site of energy dissipation. Another new component, NC3, is ejected after the last three flares, which suggests that the emission is produced upstream from the core (closer to the black hole). The study therefore indicates multiple sites of energy dissipation in the source. An anticorrelation is detected between the optical percentage polarization (PP) and optical/γ-ray flux variations, while the PP has a positive correlation with optical/γ-ray spectral indices. Given that the mean polarization is inversely proportional to the number of cells in the emission region, the PP versus optical/γ-ray anticorrelation could be due to more active cells during the outburst than at other times. In addition to the turbulent component, our analysis suggests the presence of a combined turbulent and ordered magnetic field, with the ordered component transverse to the jet axis.
GW170817 and the Prospect of Forming Supramassive Remnants in Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Ma Peng-Xiong , Jiang Jin-Liang , Wang Hao , Jin Zhi-Ping , Fan Yi-Zhong , Wei Da-Ming
Published: May 2018

The gravitational wave data of GW170817 favor the equation of state (EoS) models that predict compact neutron stars (NSs), consistent with the radius constraints from X-ray observations. Motivated by such remarkable progress, we examine the fate of the remnants formed in NS mergers and focus on the roles of the angular momentum and the mass distribution of the binary NSs. In the mass-shedding limit (for which the dimensionless angular momentum equals the Keplerian value, i.e., j = j
Kep), the adopted seven EoS models, except for H4 and ALF2, yield supramassive NSs in more than half of the mergers. However, for j ≲ 0.7 j
Kep, the presence or absence of a non-negligible fraction of supramassive NSs formed in the mergers depends sensitively on both the EoS and the mass distribution of the binary systems. The NS mergers with a total gravitational mass ≤ 2.6 M
⊙ are found to be able to shed valuable light on both the EoS model and the angular momentum of the remnants if supramassive NSs are still absent. We have also discussed the uncertainty on estimating the maximum gravitational mass of nonrotating NSs (M
max) due to the unknown j of the precollapse remnants. With the data of GW170817 and the assumption of the mass loss of 0.03 M
⊙, we have M
max < (2.19, 2.32) M
⊙ (90% confidence level) for j = (1.0, 0.8) j
Kep, respectively.
Exploring H2O Prominence in Reflection Spectra of Cool Giant Planets
Authors: MacDonald Ryan J. , Marley Mark S. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Lewis Nikole K.
Published: May 2018

The H2O abundance of a planetary atmosphere is a powerful indicator of formation conditions. Inferring H2O in the solar system giant planets is challenging, due to condensation depleting the upper atmosphere of water vapor. Substantially warmer hot Jupiter exoplanets readily allow detections of H2O via transmission spectroscopy, but such signatures are often diminished by the presence of clouds composed of other species. In contrast, highly scattering water clouds can brighten planets in reflected light, enhancing molecular signatures. Here, we present an extensive parameter space survey of the prominence of H2O absorption features in reflection spectra of cool (T
eff < 400 K) giant exoplanetary atmospheres. The impact of effective temperature, gravity, metallicity, and sedimentation efficiency is explored. We find prominent H2O features around 0.94 μm, 0.83 μm, and across a wide spectral region from 0.4 to 0.73 μm. The 0.94 μm feature is only detectable where high-altitude water clouds brighten the planet: T
eff ∼ 150 K, g ≳ 20 ms−2, f
sed ≳ 3, m ≲ 10× solar. In contrast, planets with g ≲ 20 ms−2 and T
eff ≳ 180 K display substantially prominent H2O features embedded in the Rayleigh scattering slope from 0.4 to 0.73 μm over a wide parameter space. High f
sed enhances H2O features around 0.94 μm, and enables these features to be detected at lower temperatures. High m results in dampened H2O absorption features, due to water vapor condensing to form bright, optically thick clouds that dominate the continuum. We verify these trends via self-consistent modeling of the low-gravity exoplanet HD 192310c, revealing that its reflection spectrum is expected to be dominated by H2O absorption from 0.4 to 0.73 μm for m ≲ 10× solar. Our results demonstrate that H2O is manifestly detectable in reflected light spectra of cool giant planets only marginally warmer than Jupiter, providing an avenue to directly constrain the C/O and O/H ratios of a hitherto unexplored population of exoplanetary atmospheres.
A Turnover in the Radio Light Curve of GW170817
Authors: Dobie Dougal , Kaplan David L. , Murphy Tara , Lenc Emil , Mooley Kunal P. , Lynch Christene , Corsi Alessandra , Frail Dale , Kasliwal Mansi , Hallinan Gregg
Published: May 2018

We present 2–9 GHz radio observations of GW170817 covering the period 125–200 days post-merger, taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). Our observations demonstrate that the radio afterglow peaked at 149 ± 2 days post-merger and is now declining in flux density. We see no evidence for evolution in the radio-only spectral index, which remains consistent with optically thin synchrotron emission connecting the radio, optical, and X-ray regimes. The peak implies a total energy in the synchrotron-emitting component of a few × 1050 erg. The temporal decay rate is most consistent with mildly or non-relativistic material and we do not see evidence for a very energetic off-axis jet, but we cannot distinguish between a lower-energy jet and more isotropic emission.
Checklist of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) from managed emergent wetlands in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas
Authors: Stephenson Phillip , Griswold Terry , Arduser Michael , Dowling Ashley , Krementz David
Published: May 2018

Here we present the results from a two-year bee survey conducted on 18 managed emergent wetlands in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas, USA. Sample methods included pan traps, sweep netting and blue-vane traps. We document 83 bee species and morphospecies in 5 families and 31 genera, of which 37 species represent first published state records for Arkansas. The majority of species were opportunistic wetland species; only a small number were wetland-dependent species or species largely restricted to alluvial plains.

We present new distributional records for bee species not previously recorded in managed emergent wetlands and report specimens of thirty-seven species for which no published Arkansas records exist, expanding the known ranges of Ceratina cockerelli, Diadasia enavata, Lasioglossum creberrimum, Svastra cressonii and Dieunomia triangulifera. We also distinguish opportunistic wetland bee species from wetland-dependent and alluvial plain-restricted species.
Health-Related Stigma in Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jeong Yoo Mi , Quinn Laurie , Kim Nahyun , Martyn-Nemeth Pamela
Published: May 2018

Young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) often exhibit poor treatment adherence and suboptimal glucose control. Health-related stigma may adversely influence diabetes self-management behavior. The aim of the current study was to explore health-related stigma among young adults with T1DM using qualitative descriptive methods in focus groups. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 14 young adults ages 20 to 34 with T1DM. Using content analysis, transcripts from two focus groups were analyzed, and five main themes were identified: (a)
Desire to be Seen as a Person, Not a Disease
; (b)
Wanting to be “Normal”
; (c)
Feeling Ashamed Managing Diabetes in Public
; (d)
Struggling to Overcome Anger and Distress
; and (e)
Feeling Distrusted by Others to Manage Their Condition
. Young adults with T1DM reported experiencing a high degree of stigma in their daily lives, which negatively influenced their self-management and psychological well-being. Stigma led to delaying blood glucose monitoring and insulin dosing and feelings of anger and distress. Young adults with T1DM require strategies to help cope with stigma and the anger and distress they experience. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(10), 44–51.]
Smartphone Addiction and School Life Adjustment Among High School Students: The Mediating Effect of Self-Control
Authors: Heo YoungJin , Lee Kyunghee
Published: May 2018

Previous studies have reported associations among smartphone addiction, school adjustment, and self-control. However, the causal relationship between smartphone addiction and school adjustment has not been clearly demonstrated. The current study examined the association between smartphone addiction and school adjustment and investigated the mediating effect of self-control in this association. A total of 790 students from five high schools in Daegu City, South Korea, were asked to provide demographic information and complete a self-diagnostic smartphone addiction scale and validated Korean version of a self-control scale. Among at-risk students, self-control did not mediate the relation between smartphone addiction and school adjustment; among those not at risk, there was a partial mediating effect. To improve school adjustment among high school students, prevention of smartphone addiction seems important. Smartphone addiction could be managed by strengthening self-control to promote healthy use of smartphones. The current results can serve as groundwork for the development of programs to improve school adjustment among high school students. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(11), 28–36.]
Modernidad de la Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España de Bernal Díaz del Castillo. Refutación y afirmación
Authors: García Única Juan
Published: May 2018

En este trabajo analizamos la modernidad de la Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España de Bernal Díaz del Castillo. Modernidad que no debe ser entendida en tanto reivindicación del autor como uno de los primeros novelistas de la literatura hispánica, según una conocida tesis de Carlos Fuentes, sino en tanto resultado de un peculiar modo de enunciación que privilegia la mirada literal sobre la mirada alegórica de la crónica. Para ello nos valemos del estudio comparativo de la Historia verdadera y la Historia de la conquista de México, del cronista contemporáneo de Díaz del Castillo, y capellán de Hernán Cortés, Francisco López de Gómara.
El suicidio de Belisa-Dido: variaciones sobre un motivo virgiliano en la obra no dramática de Lope de Vega
Authors: Sánchez Jiménez Antonio
Published: May 2018

Este artículo examina el tema de la amada abandonada en cuatro textos de Lope de Vega en los que el motivo mezcla subtextos de procedencias diversas: por una parte, una clave biográfica evidente, aunque pasada por el tamiz literario (el intento de suicidio de Belisa y Filis); por otra, fuentes cultas (el suicidio de Dido). Analizando estos cuatro textos, que datan de la etapa de juventud y del ciclo de senectute, proponemos cómo Lope pudo inspirarse en un romance anónimo (La desesperada Dido) que parece ser la fuente del célebre De pechos sobre una torre.
Entre política y literatura. La recepción de Miguel de Unamuno en el ámbito cultural checoslovaco hasta el año 1945
Authors: Gutiérrez Rubio Enrique , Martín Gijón Mario
Published: May 2018

En el período de entreguerras, Miguel de Unamuno se convirtió en uno de los intelectuales españoles de mayor reconocimiento en Checoslovaquia, muy especialmente tras su exilio voluntario en Francia ocurrido en 1924. Este trabajo estudia la recepción de Unamuno en el ámbito cultural checoslovaco de este período. Con este fin se ha revisado su correspondencia personal con los editores y traductores de las ediciones checas y eslovacas de sus obras, además de más de una centena de artículos checos y eslovacos, tanto de prensa generalista como de revistas literarias, que versan sobre el filósofo y escritor vasco.
Un ejemplar rarísimo del Coloquio de las damas
Authors: Gagliardi Donatella
Published: May 2018

Se da noticia por primera vez de un rarísimo ejemplar de la princeps del Coloquio de las damas (1547), que se conserva actualmente en la biblioteca particular de don Javier Krahe. La cinquecentina forma parte de un volumen facticio que antaño perteneció a Lord Grantham, embajador británico en España de 1771 a 1779.