bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broadening gender self‐categorization development to include transgender identities
Authors: Jackson Emma F. , Bussey Kay
Published: September 2022

Research on gender in psychology has increasingly affirmed diversity in gender, with recognition of binary and nonbinary transgender experiences. However, gender has been presumed to be cisgender (congruent with sex) and binary (either male or female) in classical developmental theories. In response, this review engages in a critical analysis of classical gender development theory informed by findings about gender from research on transgender identities. Under analysis was the concept of gender self‐categorization in classical theories of gender development including cognitive developmental theory, developmental gender schema theory, and social cognitive theory. Novel theoretical approaches are then outlined to situate recent advancements alongside classical theory. Conclusions are then drawn with brief recommendations for research methods that aim to include binary and nonbinary transgender participants. Drawing on the findings of this review it has been shown that gender self‐categorization is often implicitly presumed to be cisgender identification. To overcome this bias, it is suggested that greater attention to specific gender self‐categorization mechanisms are needed to open opportunities to include transgender experiences.
Extended genomic sequence of the HLA‐DRB1*13:129 allele identified in a donor from the Gujarati population
Authors: Kumar Prabin , Thakker Nirali C. , Chaudhary Akshay , Buch Hiteshree , Parek Khushagra
Published: September 2022

The full‐length genomic sequence of the HLA‐DRB1*13:129 allele was identified in a donor of Gujarati population.
Long‐read sequencing characterizes mitochondrial and plastid genome variants in Arabidopsis msh1 mutants
Authors: Zou Yi , Zhu Weidong , Sloan Daniel B. , Wu Zhiqiang
Published: September 2022

The abundant repeats in plant mitochondrial genomes can cause rapid genome rearrangements and are also a major obstacle in short‐read sequencing studies. Nuclear‐encoded proteins such as MSH1 are known to suppress the generation of repeat‐associated mitochondrial genome variants, but our understanding of these mechanisms has been constrained by the limitations of short‐read technologies. Here, we used highly accurate long‐read sequencing (PacBio HiFi) to characterize mitochondrial and plastid genome variants in Arabidopsis thaliana msh1 mutant individuals. The HiFi reads provided a global view of recombination dynamics with detailed quantification of parental and crossover recombination products for both large and small repeats. We found that recombination breakpoints were distributed relatively evenly across the length of repeated sequences and detected widespread internal exchanges of sequence variants between pairs of imperfect repeats in the mitochondrial genome of msh1 mutants. Long‐read assemblies of mitochondrial genomes from seven other A. thaliana wild‐type accessions differed by repeat‐mediated structural rearrangements similar to those observed in msh1 mutants, but they were all in a simple low‐heteroplasmy state. The Arabidopsis plastid genome generally lacks small repeats and exhibited a very different pattern of variant accumulation in msh1 mutants compared with the mitochondrial genome. Our data illustrate the power of HiFi technology in studying repeat‐mediated recombination in plant organellar genomes and improved the sequence resolution for recombinational processes suppressed by MSH1. Plant organellar genomes can undergo rapid rearrangements. Long‐read sequencing provides a detailed and quantitative view of mitochondrial and plastid genome variants normally suppressed by MSH1, advancing our understanding of plant organellar genome dynamics.
Contra la hedonia depresiva: el aburrimiento como tratamiento estético
Authors: Jiménez Cabuya David Andrés
Published: September 2022

Este artículo busca analizar y revalorizar el aburrimiento como concepto a través de la crítica cultural de Mark Fisher alrededor del consumo de estímulos y de algunos de los desarrollos de las teorías sociales de Byung-Chul Han (particularmente su teoría de la sociedad positiva). Se pretende con esta relación dar base a una propuesta teórica en el campo de la estética que permita sugerir una revalorización del aburrimiento como un tratamiento al consumo de estímulos y como una condición necesaria para la vida de los seres humanos. Para ello, este texto se dividirá en cinco partes: (i) presentación a las condiciones actuales de consumo de estímulos; (ii) historia del aburrimiento a través del pensamiento occidental; (iii) caracterización y la revalorización del aburrimiento en la actualidad; (iv) propuesta del aburrimiento como un tratamiento estético y (v) conclusión.
El ser humano es un acto encarnado: alternativa praxeológica al supuesto subjetivista de la fenomenología
Authors: Prada Rodríguez Manuel Leonardo
Published: September 2022

Edmund Husserl intentó excluir supuestos metafísicos y ajustarse a lo dado en la experiencia inmediata, con el fin de buscar una verdad primera e indubitable sobre la cual basar verdades ulteriores, teóricas. Pero, en la segunda etapa de su pensamiento, él abandonó ese camino para usar, sin tematizarlo, el supuesto subjetivista de René Descartes. Para reconducir la fenomenología al proyecto original de ir a las cosas mismas, eliminando supuestos y ateniéndose a la experiencia inmediata, el lósofo español Antonio González Fernández propone la praxeología. Esta aproximación reemplaza el concepto de sujeto, que considera al ser humano como una cosa pensante, por el de persona, entendida como acto encarnado. Esta definición antropológica, coherente con la visión teológica del ser humano como imagen y semejanza de Dios, posibilita orientaciones éticas de las acciones en pro de la descosificación y dignificación del ser humano y el cuidado de la naturaleza.
La comunidad anárquica de la metáfora testimonial. Lo irreparable en la reparación moral y simbólica
Authors: Jaramillo Fernández Hernán Alonso
Published: September 2022

La relación entre comunidad y reparación es un problema central para enfrentar la violencia. En este contexto, reparar significa estabilizar los lazos sociales, morales y políticos que fueron dañados por la violencia. Por esta razón, el testimonio es central, constituye un acto político e institucional que garantiza la verdad, la justicia y la reparación. Sin embargo, los conceptos de comunidad, reparación y testimonio adquieren un nuevo sentido en la filosofía francesa contemporánea, especialmente con Emmanuel Lévinas, Maurice Blanchot y Jean-Luc Nancy. Este nuevo sentido rechaza la comunidad soberana y biopolítica. Desde este cambio, el presente artículo examina filosóficamente los conceptos de comunidad, reparación y testimonio a partir de los estudios de Nancy, Blanchot y Lévinas sobre la comunidad, la vulnerabilidad y la metáfora. La tesis que se sostiene es la siguiente: el uso de metáforas del daño en el testimonio de la violencia constituye un habla de lo irreparable (la vulnerabilidad herida) que revela y crea una comunidad anárquica.
Correlación cosmológica y ética de los conceptos de límite y medida en la filosofía platónica
Authors: Valencia Marín Estiven
Published: September 2022

Los objetos sensibles y el hombre, que constituyen el mundo sometido a alteración o cambios, poseen  una estructura, organización y dinámicas propias por las cuales se intuye la presencia de causas o principios que dotan a ambos de tales atributos. De aquí que el límite y la medida representen condiciones de orden establecidas por el mundo ideal, un orden que actúa como causa de la armonía y la proporción que conforman todo el mundo visible. El orden ontológico y cósmico que aquí se plantea proyecta también disposiciones éticas en el plano antropológico, disposiciones que obedecen a un intento explicativo de la realidad en su totalidad y que en el presente texto se intentan dilucidar.
Criterios para una cosmovisión racionalmente responsable según John Henry Newman
Authors: Gutiérrez Lozano Carlos
Published: September 2022

El concepto de cosmovisión fue uno de los conceptos filosóficos más importantes del siglo xix. Si bien Newman no emplea la palabra Weltanschauung o Worldview, este artículo pretende mostrar dos cosas: que lo nombrado con el término cosmovisión está presente en la vida y obra del cardenal inglés, y que los criterios o notas para el genuino desarrollo de las doctrinas que propone en su Ensayo sobre el desarrollo de la doctrina cristiana pueden ser considerados para una cosmovisión racionalmente responsable como un aporte significativo a la filosofía de la religión actual.
Intencionalidad e intentio en Avicena
Authors: Vargas Bejarano Julio César
Published: September 2022

A pesar de los reparos de algunos especialistas, Avicena es un punto de referencia insoslayable en la historia de la intencionalidad. Este trabajo se propone determinar la manera en que el intelecto toma posición con respecto a la realidad de los objetos con los que se relaciona. Abordamos la relación intencional centrando nuestra atención en el nexo entre lógica y ontología y enfatizando el papel que juegan la conceptualización y la estimación en la determinación de lo que es real y existente efectivamente. La exploración de la estructura intencional nos lleva a identificar la relevancia de la doctrina de las esencias como presupuesto fundamental para la conceptualización y la verdad. La importancia de la teoría de la intencionalidad de Avicena radica en la descripción tanto de la referencia al objeto de conocimiento, como un proceso que avanza de lo conocido a lo desconocido, cuyas diversas fases conforman el itinerario de las esencias. Desde este punto de vista, la realidad y la existencia son accidentes que le acaecen a las esencias. Las capacidades del alma que hacen posible la referencia intencional son la estimativa, la conceptualización y el asentimiento. Asimismo, identificamos algunos puntos de convergencia entre las doctrinas de las esencias de Avicena y de Husserl.
Problematización: sus principios y límites conceptuales en la filosofía tardía de Michel Foucault
Authors: Márquez Arancibia Diego
Published: September 2022

En este ensayo se plantea un abordaje temático al concepto de “problematización” en la filosofía tardía de Foucault. La aprehensión de este concepto repercute no solamente en el modo en que se comprenden los planteamientos de sus trabajos tardíos, sino también en el modo en que se conciben en general los usos de la filosofía del autor. En este sentido se plantea que la lectura del concepto de problematización debe hacerse al respecto del concepto de polémica, deteniéndose en lo que Foucault llama “ontología crítica”. A partir de todo ello, se puede comprender el concepto de problematización en su dimensión verbal y sustantiva, sin que ello suponga caracterizarlo como una síntesis de la totalidad de su proyecto filosófico.
Vibro-Impact Motions of a Three-Degree-of-Freedom Geartrain Subjected to Torque Fluctuations: Model and Experiments
Authors: Donmez Ata , Kahraman Ahmet
Published: September 2022

In this study, a multimesh gear system subjected to torque fluctuations is employed as an example to study vibro-impacts of multidegree-of-freedom systems having multiple clearances. Such rotational systems are common in various automotive geared drivetrains where external torque fluctuations lead to contact loss at gear mesh interfaces to result in sequences of impacts. The specific configuration considered here is a three-axis, two-gear mesh drivetrain that is commonly used in engine timing gear systems, known for its vibro-impacts resulting in rattling noise. On the theoretical side, a discrete torsion model is developed and solved using a piecewise-linear solution method. Its predictions are compared to measurements from a three-axis geartrain to demonstrate its accuracy. The validated model is employed to characterize the sensitivity of vibro-impact motions and associated nonlinear behavior to key excitation parameters for two kinematic configurations. For the idler configuration where the middle gear is not subject to any external disturbance, double-sided impacts of one gear mesh were shown to induce separation on the other gear mesh such that vibro-impacts are localized in a single mesh. For the torque-split configuration, the ratio of the torques carried by the outputs was identified as a major parameter defining regions and types of rattle motions.
Structural, Dielectric, Electrical, and Thermal Properties of the Ce-Doped Ba2TiMoO6 Double Perovskite
Authors: Ghrib Taher
Published: September 2022

Ce-doped Ba2TiMoO6 with different Ce percentage was synthesized by solid state reaction and investigated. Electrical and thermal properties were examined by using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and photothermal deflection (PTD) technique. The electrical investigation shows that the increase of Ce doping percentage favors the electrical confinement which leads to a decrease in the electrical capacitance from 2.6 nF to 1.6 nF, an increase in the grain boundaries resistance from 5.88 × 107 to 6.50 × 108 Ω, a decrease in the current density from 60 nA to 3 nA, and a decrease of thermal conductivity from 1.8 W m−1 K−1 to 0.12 W m−1 K−1. These results introduce the Ce-doped Ba2TiMoO6 perovskite as a potential candidate for a new generation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs).
Physical Activity and Eating Behavior Inequalities Mediating the Effects of Socioeconomic Status and Sex on Adolescent Quality of Life: Insights of the PRALIMAP Trial
Authors: Manneville Florian , Briançon Serge , Legrand Karine , Langlois Johanne , Lecomte Edith , Omorou Abdou Y. , Guillemin Francis
Published: September 2022

Background: This study aimed to quantify the 2-year mediating effects of physical activity (PA) and eating behavior (EB) on socioeconomic and sex inequalities in quality of life (QoL) among French adolescents. Methods: Adolescents from a 2-year school-based trial were included. PA and EB were assessed at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and an eating habits questionnaire, respectively. QoL was measured at 2 years using the Duke Health Profile questionnaire. The mediating effect of adherence to PA and EB guidelines in the associations between socioeconomic status or sex and QoL was analyzed with a counterfactual method. Results: Among the 3562 included adolescents (mean age, 15.2 [0.6] y), being a boy and having a high socioeconomic status was associated with high QoL. Differences in QoL by socioeconomic status were mediated by adherence to guidelines for PA (up to 10.2%) and EB (up to 8.8%), and differences in QoL by sex were predominantly mediated by adherence to guidelines for PA (up to 163.8%). Conclusions: Policies, programs, and interventions designed to reduce socioeconomic and sex inequalities in QoL among adolescents could use PA and EB as leverage.
A Randomized Phase 2/3 Study of Ensitrelvir, a Novel Oral SARS-CoV-2 3C-Like Protease Inhibitor, in Japanese Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 or Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results of the Phase 2a Part
Authors: Mukae Hiroshi , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Ohmagari Norio , Doi Yohei , Imamura Takumi , Sonoyama Takuhiro , Fukuhara Takahiro , Ichihashi Genki , Sanaki Takao , Baba Keiko , Takeda Yosuke , Tsuge Yuko , Uehara Takeki
Published: September 2022

This multicenter, double-blind, phase 2a part of a phase 2/3 study assessed the efficacy and safety of ensitrelvir, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 3C-like protease inhibitor, in Japanese patients with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sixty-nine patients were randomized (1:1:1) to orally receive 5-day ensitrelvir fumaric acid (375 mg on day 1 followed by 125 mg daily, or 750 mg on day 1 followed by 250 mg daily) or placebo and followed up until day 28.
Enforcement of Postzygotic Species Boundaries in the Fungal Kingdom
Authors: Chou Jui-Yu , Hsu Po-Chen , Leu Jun-Yi
Published: September 2022

Understanding the molecular basis of speciation is a primary goal in evolutionary biology. The formation of the postzygotic reproductive isolation that causes hybrid dysfunction, thereby reducing gene flow between diverging populations, is crucial for speciation.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pediococcus pentosaceus Strain PP16CC, Isolated from Oyster Crassostrea corteziensis
Authors: Hernandez-Gonzalez Julio A. , Vazquez-Juarez Ricardo , Vazquez-Guillen Jose Manuel , Rangel-Davalos Carlos , Rodriguez-Padilla Cristina , Rojas Maurilia
Published: September 2022

Pediococcus pentosaceus
strain PP16CC comes from the intestine of
Crassostrea corteziensis
. A 1.82-Mbp draft genome of this strain was assembled using A5-miseq from illumina reads, resulting in 4 contigs and 1,856 predicted protein coding genes. Additionally, 23 proteins belonging to various glycosyl hydrolase families and 6 prophage regions were identified.
Development and Optimization of a Selective Whole-Genome Amplification To Study Plasmodium ovale Spp.
Authors: Joste V. , Guillochon E. , Clain J. , Coppée R. , Houzé S.
Published: September 2022

Plasmodium ovale
spp. has the ability to cause relapse, defined as recurring asexual parasitemia originating from liver-dormant forms. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data are of importance to identify putative molecular markers associated with relapse or other virulence mechanisms.
Differential Timing for Glucose Assimilation in
Prochlorococcus
and Coexistent Microbial Populations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Muñoz-Marín María del Carmen , Duhamel Solange , Björkman Karin M. , Magasin Jonathan D. , Díez Jesús , Karl David M. , García-Fernández José M.
Published: September 2022

Several studies have demonstrated that
Prochlorococcus
, the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth, can assimilate organic molecules, such as amino acids, amino sugars, ATP, phosphonates, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate. This autotroph can also assimilate small amounts of glucose, supporting the hypothesis that
Prochlorococcus
is mixotrophic.
Medium Effects for Hadron-Tagged Jets in Proton–Proton Collisions
Authors: Zakharov B. G.
Published: September 2022

We study the medium modification factor $${{I}_{{pp}}}$$ within the light-cone path integral approach to induced gluon emission. We use parametrization of the running coupling $${{\alpha }_{s}}(Q,T)$$ which has a plateau around $$Q \sim \kappa T$$. We calculate $${{I}_{{pp}}}$$ with no free parameters using κ fitted to the LHC data on the nuclear modification factor $${{R}_{{AA}}}$$. We find that the theoretical multiplicity dependence of the ratio $${{I}_{{pp}}}{\text{/}}\langle {{I}_{{pp}}}\rangle $$ for 5.02 TeV $$pp$$ collisions agrees reasonably with the recent preliminary ALICE data [1].
Mobility Edge in the Anderson Model on Partially Disordered Random Regular Graphs
Authors: Valba O. , Gorsky A.
Published: September 2022

We study numerically the Anderson model on partially disordered random regular graphs considered as the toy model for a Hilbert space of interacting disordered many-body system. The protected subsector of zero-energy states in a many-body system corresponds to clean nodes in random regular graphs ensemble. Using adjacent gap ratio statistics and inverse participation ratio we find the sharp mobility edge in the spectrum of one-particle Anderson model above some critical density of clean nodes. Its position in the spectrum is almost independent on the disorder strength. The possible application of our result for the controversial issue of mobility edge in the many-body localized phase is discussed.
Increasing anti-S antibody testing: a quality improvement initiative with evolving COVID-19 guidelines
Authors: Alam Ali M , Lester Rebecca , Hoyle Marie-Claire , Fletcher Tom E , Hine Paul
Published: September 2022

Background

COVID-19 management guidelines are constantly evolving, making them difficult to implement practically.Ronaprevewas a neutralising monoclonal antibody introduced into UK COVID-19 guidelines in 2021. It reduces mortality in seronegative patients infected with non-omicron variants. Antibody testing on admission is therefore vital in ensuring patients could be considered forRonapreveas inpatients.

Local problem

We found that on our COVID-19 ward, 31.4% of patients were not having anti-S tests despite fulfilling the other criteria to be eligible forRonapreve. This was identified as an important target to improve; by not requesting anti-S tests, we were forgoing the opportunity to use an intervention that could improve outcomes.

Methods

We analysed patient records for patients with COVID-19 admitted to our ward over 4 months to observe if awareness of the need to request anti-S increased through conducting plan–do–study–act (PDSA) cycles.

Interventions

Our first intervention was an multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion at our departmental audit meeting highlighting our baseline findings and the importance of anti-S requesting. Our second intervention was to hang printed posters in both the doctors’ room and the ward as a visual reminder to staff. Our final intervention was trust-wide communications of updated local COVID-19 guidance that included instructions for anti-S requesting on admission.

Results

Our baseline data showed that only 68.6% of patients with symptomatic COVID-19 were having anti-S antibody tests requested. This increased to 95.0% following our three interventions. There was also a reduction in the amount of anti-S requests being ‘added on’, from 57.1% to 15.8%.

Conclusions

COVID-19 guidelines are constantly evolving and require interventions that can be quickly and easily implemented to improve adherence. Sustained reminders through different approaches allowed a continued increase in requesting. This agrees with research that suggests a mixture of educational sessions and visual reminders of guidelines increase their application in clinical practice.
Circus-specific extension of the International Olympic Committee 2020 consensus statement: methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport
Authors: Greenspan Stephanie , Munro David , Nicholas Joanna , Stubbe Janine , Stuckey Melanie I , Van Rijn Rogier M
Published: September 2022

Indepth knowledge of injury and illness epidemiology in circus arts is lacking. Comparing results across studies is difficult due to inconsistent methods and definitions. In 2020, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus group proposed a standard method for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injuries and illnesses in sports and stated that sport-specific extension statements are needed to capture the context of each sport. This is the circus-specific extension to be used with the IOC consensus statement. International circus arts researchers in injury and illness epidemiology and performing arts medicine formed a consensus working group. Consensus statement development included a review of literature, creation of an initial draft by the working group, feedback from external reviewers, integration of feedback into the second draft and a consensus on the final document. This consensus statement contains circus-specific information on (1) injury definitions and characteristics; (2) measures of severity and exposure, with recommendations for calculating the incidence and prevalence; (3) ahealthcare practitioner report form; (4) aself-report form capturing health complaints with training and performance exposure; and (5) ademographic,health history and circus experience intake questionnaire. This guideline facilitates comparing results across studies and enables combining data sets on injuries in circus arts. This guideline informs circus-specific injury prevention, rehabilitation, and risk management to improve the performance and health of circus artists.
Cricket coaching and batting in the 21st century through a 4IR lens: a narrative review
Authors: Noorbhai Habib
Published: September 2022

The aim of this narrative review is to document an understanding of cricket coaching in the context of South Africa and recognise the importance of technology and innovation for cricket (and sports in general) in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. In addition, an understanding of the evolvement of batting and factors contributing to successful batting as well as the links that exist between coaching manuals, coaching practice, skills and the individual player are outlined. Furthermore, tangible examples of technological and innovative applications that can be used to advance cricket coaching in the modern era are discussed.
In situ delivery of nanoparticles formulated with micron-sized crystals protects from murine melanoma
Authors: Mohsen Mona O , Heath Matthew , Kramer Matthias F , Velazquez Thalia Carreno , Bullimore Alan , Skinner Murray A , Speiser Daniel E , Bachmann Martin F
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Intratumoral injections of novel therapeutics can activate tumor antigen-specific T cells for locoregional tumor control and may even induce durable systemic protection (against distant metastases) via recirculating T cells. Here we explored the possibility of a universal immunotherapy that promotes T-cell responses in situ and beyond, upon intratumoral injection of nanoparticles formulated with micron-sized crystals.

Methods

Cucumber mosaic virus-like particles containing a tetanus toxin peptide (CuMVTT) were formulated with microcrystalline tyrosine (MCT) adjuvant and injected directly in B16F10 melanoma tumors. To further enhance immunogenicity, we loaded the nanoparticles with a TLR7/8 ligand and incorporated a universal tetanus toxin T-helper cell peptide. We assessed therapeutic efficacy and induction of local and systemic immune responses, including RNA sequencing, providing broad insight into the tumor microenvironment and correlates of protection.

Results

MCT crystals were successfully decorated with CuMVTTnanoparticles. This ‘immune-enhancer’ formed immunogenic depots in injected tumors, enhanced polyfunctional CD8+and CD4+T cells, and inhibited B16F10 tumor growth locally and systemically. Local inflammation and immune responses were associated with upregulation of genes involved in complement activation and collagen formation.

Conclusions

Our new immune-enhancer turned immunologically cold tumors into hot ones and inhibited local and distant tumor growth. This type of immunotherapy does not require the identification of (patient–individual) relevant tumor antigens. It is well tolerated, non-infectious, and affordable, and can readily be upscaled for future clinical testing and broad application in melanoma and likely other solid tumors.
Sex differences of vascular brain lesions in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ceylan Selinda , Aeschbacher Stefanie , Altermatt Anna , Sinnecker Tim , Rodondi Nicolas , Blum Manuel , Coslovsky Michael , Evers-Dörpfeld Simone , Niederberger Sacha , Conen David , Osswald Stefan , Kühne Michael , Düring Marco , Wuerfel Jens , Bonati Leo
Published: September 2022

Objective

To examine sex differences in prevalence, volume and distribution of vascular brain lesions on MRI among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods

In this cross-sectional analysis, we included 1743 patients with AF (27% women) from the multicentre Swiss Atrial Fibrillation study (SWISS-AF) with available baseline brain MRI. We compared presence and total volume of large non-cortical or cortical infarcts (LNCCIs), small non-cortical infarcts, microbleeds (MB) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH, Fazekas score ≥2 for moderate or severe degree) between men and women with multivariable logistic regression. We generated voxel-based probability maps to assess the anatomical distribution of lesions.

Results

We found no strong evidence for an association of female sex with the prevalence of all ischaemic infarcts (LNCCI and SNCI combined; adjusted OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.09, p=0.22), MB (adjusted OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.21, p=0.52) and moderate or severe WMH (adjusted OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.48, p=0.27). However, total WMH volume was 17% larger among women than men (multivariable adjusted multiplicative effect 1.17, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.35; p=0.04). Lesion probability maps showed a right hemispheric preponderance of ischaemic infarcts in both men and women, while WMH were distributed symmetrically.

Conclusion

Women had higher white matter disease burden than men, while volume and prevalence of other lesions did not differ. Our findings highlight the importance of controlling risk factors for cerebral small vessel disease in patients with AF, especially among women.
COVID-19-associated arthritis: an emerging new entity?
Authors: Farisogullari Bayram , Pinto Ana S , Machado Pedro M
Published: September 2022

The current COVID-19 pandemic raises several clinical challenges. Cases of COVID-19-associated arthritis have been reported, and inconsistently described as either COVID-19 viral arthritis or COVID-19 reactive arthritis. We aimed to review all the reported cases of ‘COVID-19-associated arthritis’, which we propose, is a better term to define the entire spectrum of new-onset arthritis believed to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We performed a systematic literature review using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to search for articles published up to 13 December 2021. We included cohort studies, case series and case reports describing patients diagnosed with COVID-19 reactive or viral arthritis by a physician, irrespective of fulfilment of classification criteria. To identify relevant studies, medical subject headings and keywords related to ‘COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 infection’ and ‘reactive arthritis’ were used. Our search retrieved 419 articles, of which 31 were included in the review. A total of 33 cases were reported in these 31 articles, the majority being adults (28/33=85%) with peripheral joint involvement (26/33=79%). Most of the patients responded well to treatment and the disease was self-limiting. These 33 case reports describe a possible causal relationship between exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the onset of arthritis. However, since these cases were reported during a pandemic, other aetiologies cannot be fully excluded. The exact mechanism through which SARS-CoV-2 might trigger arthritis is not fully understood and robust epidemiological data to support a causal relationship are still lacking.
Projecting the impact of implementation of WHO MPOWER measures on smoking prevalence and mortality in Japan
Authors: Yang Su Lan , Togawa Kayo , Gilmour Stuart , Leon Maria E , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Katanoda Kota
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aimed to quantify the long-term impact of implementing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) compliant tobacco control measures, MPOWER, on smoking prevalence and mortality in men and women aged ≥20 years in Japan.

Design

A Stock-and-Flow simulation model was used to project smoking prevalence and mortality from 2018 to 2050 under eight different scenarios: (1) maintaining the 2018 status quo, (2) implementation of smoke-free policies, (3) tobacco use cessation programmes, (4–5) health warning about the dangers of tobacco (labels, mass media), (6) enforcement of tobacco advertising bans or (7) tobacco taxation at the highest recommended level and (8) all these interventions combined.

Results

Under the status quo, the smoking prevalence in Japan will decrease from 29.6% to 15.5% in men and 8.3% to 4.7% in women by 2050. Full implementation of MPOWER will accelerate this trend, dropping the prevalence to 10.6% in men and 3.2% in women, and save nearly a quarter million deaths by 2050. This reduction implies that Japan will only attain the current national target of 12% overall smoking prevalence in 2033, 8 years earlier than it would with the status quo (in 2041), a significant delay from the national government’s 2022 deadline.

Conclusions

To bring forward the elimination of tobacco smoking and substantially reduce smoking-related deaths, the government of Japan should fulfil its commitment to the FCTC and adopt stringent tobacco control measures delineated by MPOWER and beyond.
First upper limits on neutrino electromagnetic properties from the CONUS experiment
Authors: Bonet H. , Bonhomme A. , Buck C. , Fülber K. , Hakenmüller J. , Hempfling J. , Heusser G. , Hugle T. , Lindner M. , Maneschg W. , Rink T. , Strecker H. , Wink R. ,   CONUS Collaboration
Published: September 2022

We report first constraints on electromagnetic properties of neutrinos from neutrino-electron scattering using data obtained from the CONUS germanium detectors, i.e. an upper limit on the effective neutrino magnetic moment and an upper limit on the effective neutrino millicharge. The electron antineutrinos are emitted from the 3.9 $$\hbox {GW}_\mathrm {th}$$

GW
th

reactor core of the Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant in Germany. The CONUS low-background detectors are positioned at a distance of 17.1 m from the reactor core center. The analyzed data set includes 689.1 kg d collected during reactor ON periods and 131.0 kg d collected during reactor OFF periods in the energy range of . With the current statistics, we are able to determine an upper limit on the effective neutrino magnetic moment of $$\mu _\nu < 7.5\cdot 10^{-11}\,\mu _B$$

μ
ν

<
7.5
·

10

-
11

μ
B

at 90% confidence level. No neutrino signal in this channel or in the CE$$\nu $$
ν
NS channel has been observed at a nuclear power plant so far. From this first magnetic moment limit we can derive an upper bound on the neutrino millicharge of $$\vert {q}_{\nu }\vert < 3.3\cdot 10^{-12}\,e_0$$

|

q
ν

|
<
3.3
·

10

-
12

e
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Prabhakar-fractional simulations for the exact solution of Casson-type fluid with experiencing the effects of magneto-hydrodynamics and sinusoidal thermal conditions
Authors: Raza Ali , Khan Umair , Almusawa M. Y , Hamali Waleed , Galal Ahmed M.
Published: September 2022

This analysis inspects an unsteady and incompressible Casson-type fluid moving on a poured inclined oscillating plane with a ramped thermal profile. The physical effects of flow parameters cannot be investigated and studied using a memory effect, just like with regular PDEs. In this study, we have confabulated the solution of magnetised Casson-type fluid with the help of the best and most modified fractional definition, known as the Prabhakar-like thermal fractional derivative. An integral transforms scheme, namely Laplace transformation (LT) solves the dimensionless governed equations. The physical impacts of significant and fractional constraints are examined graphically and mathematically. As a result, we have confabulated that both thermal and momentum dynamics of flowing Casson fluid slow down with the increment in fractional constraint. Additionally, because of the thickness of the boundary layer, the Casson fluid parameter emphasises the dual character of flowing fluid dynamics.
Fixed points inn-gonal graphicalb-metric spaces under contractive conditions
Authors: Raza Umar , Anwar Muhammad Shoaib , Ali Hayat , Puneeth V , Irfan Muhammad , Hussain Zakir
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we will define a new metric space called n-gonal graphical b-metric space. We will also prove some fixed point theorems in said metric space and give suitable examples to illustrate our results. These results will help to solve many nonlinear convex models in machine learning and optimization by formulating them in fixed point schemes of optimization. Our paper opens the door for researchers to work in the intersecting area of machine learning and functional analysis in the frame work of [Formula: see text]-gonal graphical [Formula: see text]-metric space.
Inverse stochastic resonance in Izhikevich neural motifs driven by Gaussian colored noise under electromagnetic induction
Authors: Ye Zhiqiu , Yang Yumei , Jia Ya
Published: September 2022

Inverse stochastic resonance (ISR) is a modality of nonlinear response to noise, there is the biggest inhibitory effect of noise on neural electrical activity when the ISR happens. In this paper, the discharge activity of a triple-neuron feed-forward-loop (FFL) motif is investigated under the Gaussian colored noise and electromagnetic induction, where the FFL motif is constructed by Izhikevich neurons and connected by chemical synapse and the FFL motifs are classified into four types by the character of synaptic current. Here, the ISR induced by the Gaussian colored noise and electromagnetic induction is focused and various effects of different system parameters on ISR have been found. The most prominent ISR phenomenon will be seen in the case of low-input current and low cross-correlation ratio. There are no significant differences in the ISR curves for various chemical coupling strengths and chemical synapse delays, which conforms to the dynamic mechanisms of the ISR behavior. Besides, the ISR phenomenon also ensues under low electromagnetic induction levels and the effects of electromagnetic induction on the ISR are discussed. The results found here provide a novel perspective about the inhibitory effect on neural motif, which might help the biologists and pathologists understand some complex physiological phenomena of the nervous systems.
Experimental investigation for automotive radiator heat transfer performance with ZnO–Al2O3/water-based hybird nanoparticles: An improved thermal model
Authors: Ahmad Hassaan , Al-Khaled Kamel , Sowayan Ahmed S. , Abdullah Mohsin , Hussain Muzamil , Hammad Ahmad , Khan Sami Ullah , Tlili Iskander
Published: September 2022

Heat produced inside internal combustion engines can become the cause of engine damage and failure. The engine cooling system in vehicles plays a crucial role to avoid damage as a result of internal heating. Thus, the role of radiators in removing excessive heat from the engine is important. Nanofluids are used in this regard to improve the heat transfer performance of radiators. Among different nanofluids, Al2O3/water and ZnO/water nanofluids have been proven better heat transfer coolants for automobile cooling systems. Therefore, in this study, we developed the automotive radiator test rig to compare the performance of ZnO/water and Al2O3/water nanofluids. The radiator test rig was modified to find accurate results. The overall comparison between both nanofluids showed that Al2O3 nanoparticles are more effective as compared to ZnO nanoparticles in the coolant.
Analysis in fiber Bragg gratings with Kerr law nonlinearity for diverse optical soliton solutions by reliable analytical techniques
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Shafqat-Ur-Rehman  , Ahmad Jamshad
Published: September 2022

This paper reveals optical soliton solutions to fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with dispersive reflectivity having Kerr law of nonlinear refractive index. Bragg gratings are no doubt a technological spectacle that sustained balance between dispersion and the nonlinear effects that leads to a stable transmission of solitons across intercontinental distances. FBGs as sensor elements are used for measuring numerous engineering parameters such as temperature, strain, pressure, tilt, displacement, acceleration, load. Two recently developed mechanisms such as the unified method and extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion method (ShGEEM) are successfully employed to secure optical pulses in the shapes of the bright, dark, singular, complex combo, periodic, and plane wave solutions. The achieved solutions contain key applications in engineering and physics. These solutions define the wave performance of the governing models. By selecting suitable parametric values, the dynamics of the evaluated results are exemplified by sketching their 2-dimensional, 3-dimensional, and contour profiles to understand the real phenomena for such sort of nonlinear models. The novelty of the gained outcomes is manifested by a detailed comparison with the results that already exist.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANODE BASED ON PALLADIUM DEPOSITED ON A CONDUCTIVE POLYMER FOR GLUCOSE OXIDATION
Authors: CHIKOUCHE IMENE , DEHCHAR CHARIF , ZOUAOUI AHMED , CHIA ABDELKRIM , CHERORA ZOHIR
Published: September 2022

In this work, we electrochemically developed a palladium–polypyrrole composite film on a silicon semiconductor support, and then studied its electrocatalytic activity — as an anode — towards the oxidation of glucose in an alkaline medium. The obtained electrode is characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results show that the presence of the polymer film on the Si support improves the conductivity of the latter and that the presence of palladium on the polymer film is at the origin of the reactivity of the electrode for glucose oxidation.
CHAIN-LIKE ZERO-VALENT IRON FOR FAST DEGRADATION OF METHYL ORANGE (MO) IN WASTEWATER
Authors: WU BIN , YAO LI , CAO XIANZHI , HUANG YIHE , XU ZEZHONG , HAN CHENGLIANG
Published: September 2022

Zero-valent iron nanomaterials with a chain-like structure (Fe[Formula: see text]) were prepared by a facile solution reaction at room temperature. Then, the as-prepared Fe[Formula: see text] and micro-sized iron materials ([Formula: see text]) were comparatively applied in removal of methyl orange (MO) in wastewater. Results indicated that the as-synthesized Fe[Formula: see text] exhibited a chain-like structure which was made of many nanospheres with the size of 80[Formula: see text]nm. Most importantly, compared with [Formula: see text], the chain-like Fe[Formula: see text] has higher reactive performances and could quickly and completely decompose MO in water. In comparison, the Fe[Formula: see text] exhibited structurally enhanced performance of degradation of MO. The kinetic model for oxidation of MO in water matches the first-order equation. The reasons can be attributed to a large number of interfaces in the chain-like Fe[Formula: see text] which leads to rapid dissolution rate of Fe[Formula: see text] and subsequently produces lots of hydroxyl radicals ([Formula: see text]OH) in water. The experimental results further confirmed that these kinds of chain-like iron nanomaterials with proper size could be used as new type Fenton-like materials without H2O2 addition to effectively remove dyes. Moreover, Fe[Formula: see text] would be completely transformed into magnetite (Fe3O4) nanomaterials which could also be conveniently separated from wastewater by a magnet.
Impact of Similarity Measures in Graph-based Automatic Text Summarization of Konkani Texts
Authors: D'Silva Jovi , Sharma Uzzal
Published: September 2022

Automatic text summarization is a popular area in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. In this work, we adopt a graph-based text summarization approach, using PageRank algorithm, for automatically summarizing Konkani text documents. Konkani is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the state of Goa, which is on the west coast of India. It is a low-resource language with limited language processing tools. Such tools are readily available in other popular languages of choice for automatic text summarization, like English. The Konkani language dataset used for this purpose is based on Konkani folktales. We examine the impact of various language-independent and language-dependent similarity measures on the construction of the graph. The language-dependent similarity measures use pre-trained fastText word embeddings. A fully connected undirected graph is constructed for each document with the sentences represented as the graph's vertices. The vertices are connected to each other based on how strongly they are related to one another. Thereafter, PageRank algorithm is used for ranking the scores of the vertices. The top-ranking sentences are used to generate the summary. ROUGE toolkit was used for evaluating the quality of these system-generated summaries, and the performance was evaluated against human generated “gold-standard” abstracts and also compared with baselines and benchmark systems. The experimental results show that language-independent similarity measures performed well compared to language-dependent similarity measures despite not using language-specific tools, such as stop-words list, stemming, and word embeddings.
CSRB's Opus One
Authors: Kamp Poul-Henning
Published: September 2022

We in FOSS need to become much better at documenting design decisions in a way and a place where the right people will find it, read it, and understand it, before they do something ill-advised or downright stupid with our code.
Becoming a Cognitive Scientist
Authors: Carey Susan E.
Published: September 2022

My work in cognitive science has given me immeasurable pleasure for over 60 years. Here I trace how I have come to my current understanding of conceptual development. I emphasize the roles of accident and luck along my path as well as the importance of being able to deal with failures. I also place my career in context of the rest of my life.
Fibroblast Growth Factor–Based Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Obesity-Related Metabolic Complications
Authors: Jin Leigang , Yang Ranyao , Geng Leiluo , Xu Aimin
Published: September 2022

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, which comprises 22 structurally related proteins, plays diverse roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, development, and metabolism. Among them, two classical members (FGF1 and FGF4) and two endocrine members (FGF19 and FGF21) are important regulators of whole-body energy homeostasis, glucose/lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Preclinical studies have consistently demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of these FGFs for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several genetically engineered FGF19 and FGF21 analogs with improved pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties have been developed and progressed into various stages of clinical trials. These FGF analogs are effective in alleviating hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis, and liver fibrosis in biopsy-confirmed NASH patients, whereas their antidiabetic and antiobesity effects are mildand vary greatly in different clinical trials. This review summarizes recent advances in biopharmaceutical development of FGF-based therapies against obesity-related metabolic complications, highlights major challenges in clinical implementation, and discusses possible strategies to overcome these hurdles.
Age-Related Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders: Experimental Models and Druggable Targets
Authors: Barreto Chang Odmara L. , Possin Katherine L. , Maze Mervyn
Published: September 2022

With the worldwide increase in life span, surgical patients are becoming older and have a greater propensity for postoperative cognitive impairment, either new onset or through deterioration of an existing condition; in both conditions, knowledge of the patient's preoperative cognitive function and postoperative cognitive trajectory is imperative. We describe the clinical utility of a tablet-based technique for rapid assessment of the memory and attentiveness domains required for executive function. The pathogenic mechanisms for perioperative neurocognitive disorders have been investigated in animal models in which excessive and/or prolonged postoperative neuroinflammation has emerged as a likely contender. The cellular and molecular species involved in postoperative neuroinflammation are the putative targets for future therapeutic interventions that are efficacious and do not interfere with the surgical patient's healing process.