bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Substitusi Limbah Kangkung Air (Ipomoea aquatica) Terfermentasi Terhadap Performa Ayam Kampung Super Betina
Authors: Nifu Novita Grasia , Mulyantini, S.S N. G. A. , Dillak Sutan Y.F.G.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the substitution of fermented water spinach waste (Ipomoea aquatica) in commercial feed on the performance of super free range female chickens. This study used 80 super free range female chickens aged 5 weeks. The research method used was a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments, each treatment consisted of 5 replications, and each replication consisted of 4 chickens. The treatments consisted of R0: 100% commercial ration, R1: 90% commercial ration + 10% water spinach waste fermented by tape yeast, R2: 80% commercial ration + 20%water spinach waste fermented by tape yeast, R3: 70% commercial ration + 30%water spinach waste fermented by tape yeast. The results of statistical analysis showed that the substitution of water spinach waste fermented by tape yeast on the performance of super female free range chickens with different treatments gave a significant (P<0,05) effect on ration intake, drinking water intake. But did not give a significant effect (P˃0,05) on body weight gain. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the substitution of water spinach waste (Ipomoea aquatica) fermented by tape yeast to a level 30% in commercial feed increased ration intake and drinking water intake. However, at the substitution level of 20% the ration conversion rate increases.

 

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui substitusi limbah kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica) terfermentasi pakan komersial terhadap performa ayam kampung super betina. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam kampung super betina sebanyak 80 ekor berumur 5 minggu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan, tiap perlakuan terdiri dari 5 ulangan, dan tiap ulangan terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri dari R0: Ransum komersial 100%, R1: Ransum komersial 90% + 10% limbah kangkung airterfermentasi ragi tape, R2: Ransum komersial 80% + 20% limbah kangkung airterfermentasi ragi tape dan R3: Ransum komersial 70% + 30% limbah kangkung air terfermentasi ragi tape. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukan bahwa substitusi limbah kangkung air terfermentasi ragi tape terhadap performa ayam kampung super betina dengan perlakuan berbeda memberikan pengaruh nyata (P˂0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, konsumsi air minum dan konversi ransum. Tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P˃0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa substitusi pemberian limbah kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatiaca) terfermentasi ragi tape sampai level 30% pada pakan komersial meningkatkan konsumsi ransum dan konsumsi air. Namun pada level substitusi 20% nilai konversi ransum meningkat.
Pengaruh Pemberian Jenis Pinang (Areca catechu L.) sebagai Feed Additive terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler
Authors: Ayu Aurelia Fatima , Malik Agustinus Konda , Mulyantini, S. S. N. G. A.
Published: January 2023

This study was to evaluate the effect of giving areca nut (Areca catechu L) as a feed additive on the performance of broiler chickens. The material used is 96 DOC broiler chicken strain CP 707. Completely Randomized Design was adopted in this experiment which consist of 4 treatments and 6 replications, 4 chcikens per replicate. The treatments were P0: Commercial feed without areca nut powder, P1: commercial feed + 1% coconut betel nut, P2: Commercial feed + 1% areca nut, P3: Commercial feed + 1% ornamental betel nut. Research variables include feed intake, body weight gain, final weight and feed conversion ratio. The results of the study showed that giving different types of betel nut to chickens had a significant effect (P<0.05) on final body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. It was found that providing different types of areca nut at a level of 1% in commercial feed increased body weight gain, final weight and decreased feed conversion ratio in broiler chickens. The final body weight and the body weight gain of broiler chickens is higher when they are feed areca nut.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian jenis pinang (Areca catechu L.) sebagai feed additive terhadap performa ayam broiler. Materi yang digunakan adalah DOC ayam broiler strain CP 707 sebanyak 96 ekor. Metode penelitian ini memakai Rancangan Acak Lengkap meliputi 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan, tiap-tiap ulangan terdapat 4 ekor ayam broiler. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah P0: Pakan komersial tanpa penambahan serbuk pinang, P1: Pakan komersial +1% serbuk bonak, P2: Pakan komersial + 1% pinang irian, P3: Pakan komersial + 1% pinang hias Pakan perlakuan diberikan dari umur 14-35 hari. Variabel penelitian meliputi konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, bobot badan akhir dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian jenis pinang yang berbeda pada ayam berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan. Pemberian jenis pinang yang berbeda pada level 1% pada pakan komersial mampu menaikkan pertambahan bobot badan, bobot akhir dan menurunkan konversi pakan pada ayam broiler. Bobot akhir dan pertambahan bobot badan ayam broiler lebih tinggi bila diberi pakan yang ditambah pinang irian.
Synergic Effects of Rosemary Extract and Aerobic Exercise on Sperm Parameters and Testicular Tissue in an Aged Rat Model
Authors: Aghamiri Seyed Mahdi , Eslami Farsani Mohsen , Seyedebrahimi Reihaneh , Sarikhani Mohammad Javad , Ababzadeh Shima
Published: January 2023

Background: Aging, which has globally increased, reduces male fertility and damages the testes. The effect of aerobic exercises and the use of medicinal plants like rosemary on fertility remains controversial. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rosemary extract and exercise on testicular tissue. Methods: In this study, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) control group (without treatment); (2) gavage group [received the solvent of rosemary extract (distilled water) and put on a turned-off treadmill for 10 minutes daily]; (3) exercise group (put on a turned-on treadmill based on an exercise protocol for 12 weeks); (4) extract group (received 100 mg/kg of rosemary extract for 12 weeks); (5) exercise and extract group (received 100 mg/kg of rosemary extract and concurrently put on a turned-on treadmill for 12 weeks). After the treatment, the testis tissue of rats was collected, and the seminiferous tubular diameter, luminal diameter, and epithelial height were analyzed. Also, spermatogenic lineage was counted in different groups. Results: The tubal diameter and epithelial height significantly increased following the consumption of rosemary extract and exercise training compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Also, a significant increase was observed in the luminal diameter in the exercise group compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The rosemary extract and exercise training significantly increased the number of spermatogonia cells (P < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in the number of primary spermatocyte and spermatozoa cells among the different groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Generally, low-intensity aerobic exercise improved testicular histomorphology parameters. However, rosemary extract had no positive effects as an aerobic exercise on male fertility during aging.
The Nurses’ Perspectives About Barriers of Nurse-Physician Collaboration in Intensive Care Units: A Q-Methodology Study
Authors: Hasanabadi Mohsen , Taebi Mahboubeh , Masoudi Alavi Negin
Published: January 2023

Background: Nurse-physician collaboration is essential for providing effective and safe patient care in intensive care units. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the different viewpoints of nurses working in intensive care units about the barriers to nurse-physician collaboration in Kashan/Iran by 2020. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that employed a Q-methodology approach. Thirty intensive care nurses sorted the 24 statements into a 9-column Q-sort diagram ranging from -4 as not important to +4 as very important. The data were analyzed with PQMethod 2.35 software. The centroid factor analysis and varimax rotation were used for data analysis. The corresponding people for each extraction factor in the Q methodology were grouped and classified, and distinguishing statements were determined. Results: Four viewpoints were determined that could explain the 52.95% variance in the barriers to nurse-physician collaboration. The factors were named as different professional interests and lack of trust between nurses and physicians (26.77% of variance), goal confusion (10.74% of variance), systemic barriers to collaboration (8.17% of variance), and personal differences (7.25% of variance). Conclusions: Nurses had different viewpoints about barriers to nurse-physician collaboration. Different strategies and solutions are needed to improve collaboration, such as education, defining common goals, enhancing collaborative culture, and reaching mutual respect and understanding. Effective teamwork is essential for patient safety and a healthy work environment.
Teplizumab (Tzield) to Delay Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: January 2023

Teplizumab-mzwv (Tzield – Provention Bio), an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, has been approved by the FDA to delay the onset of stage 3 type 1 diabetes in patients ≥8 years old who have stage 2 type 1 diabetes. It is the first drug to become available in the US that delays the onset of type 1 diabetes.
INTEGRATION OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE INTO GLOBAL ECONOMY BETWEEN 1830-1840
Authors: BALCI İlyas
Published: January 2023

This study aims to reveal the internal and external factors that gave rise to the integration of The Ottoman Empire into the global economy between 1830-1840. With this regard, the meaning of the integration into the global economy, the ways for its realization were explained in the initial part of this study. The factors, forces and developments which pushed The Ottoman Empire to integrate the global economy were followingly analyzed. In this context, main finding of this study is as follows: There are basically 6 factors that integrated The Ottoman Empire into the global economy in the period between 1830-1840, and these are as follows: the beginning of sending students to Europe for foreign education (1830), the revolt of the Egyptian Governor Mehmed Ali Pasha (1832), Balta Limanı Treaty (1838) (it has a central position in the construction of this process and in this study), the direct investments of various European states, especially Britain and France to The Ottoman Empire, and The Ottoman foreign debts. Furthermore, global developments that shaped this integration process were also analyzed. With this respect, the scope of this study is the examination of the aforementioned factors and their impacts on the integration of the Empire into the global economy. Secondary sources in the literature were used to analyze the subject. The sources comprise the studies of the most respected intellectual in the field like Berkes, Erdilek, Lewis, Pamuk, Wallerstein.
AB GEÇİCİ KORUMA YÖNERGESİ VE TÜRK MEVZUATINDA GEÇİCİ KORUMA STATÜSÜ SAHİPLERİNİN ÇALIŞMA HAKKININ KAPSAM VE SINIRLARI
Authors: ERDEM Bilge Sena
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışma, AB Geçici Koruma Yönergesi ve Türk mevzuatında karşılaştırmalı olarak geçici koruma statüsü sahiplerinin çalışma hakkının kapsam ve sınırlarını konu edinmektedir. 2011 yılında Suriye’de başlayan iç savaşın ardından çok sayıda Suriyeli kitlesel halde Türkiye’ye sığınmış ve bu bireylere geçici koruma statüsü tanınmıştır. Geri gönderme yasağına tâbi olan geçici koruma statüsü sahibi Suriyelilerin ülkelerindeki iç savaş devam ettiğinden ne zaman geri dönecekleri belli olmadığından kendi kendilerine yetebilecek şekilde çalışmaları önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle ‘Geçici Koruma Yönetmeliği’ ve ‘Geçici Koruma Sağlanan Yabancıların Çalışma İzinlerine Dair Yönetmelik’ çıkarılmış ve bu kişilerin çalışma hakkı, çalışma iznine tâbi tutulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk hukukunda geçici koruma statüsü sahibi Suriyelilerin çalışma hakkının kapsam ve sınırlarının AB hukukunda geçici koruma statüsü sahibi yabancıların çalışma hakkının kapsam ve sınırlarıyla karşılaştırarak ilgili düzenlemelerin ne ölçüde kısıtlayıcı veya izin verici olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın bu amacına ulaşmak için kullanılan yöntem, literatür taramasıdır. Bu kapsamda hem konu ile ilgili literatür taranmış hem de ilgili mevzuattan faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmada, AB hukukunda, ele alınan sorunun genel ve yüzeysel anlamda düzenlendiği ve geçici koruma statüsü altındakilerin çalışma koşullarına dair birçok hususu düzenleme yetkisinin üye devletlerin takdirine bırakıldığına, Türkiye’nin Suriyelilerin çalışma hakkı bakımından ağır külfet yükleyen şartlar getirmediğine ve AB ülkelerine kıyasla kısıtlayıcı bir tutum izlemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Komunikasi Pemasaran Sebagai Upaya Perluasan Pasar di Era Industri 4.0
Authors: Ahmadi Mubarok , Gunarti Tri Tami
Published: January 2023

Penggunaan Teknologi informasi semakin tahun semakin meningkat, Era Industri 4.0 merupakan fenomena kemajuan teknologi baik teknologi informasi dan teknologi otomatisasi, saat era 4.0 pola kerja masyarakat dan tatacara berkomunikasi nya sudah mulai berubah yaitu dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi bahkan banyak dikalangan masyarakat utamanya para pemuda dan pemudi tidak bisa terpisahkan dengan penggunaan gadget atau smart phone tercatat dalam tiap tahunnya terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan, layanan yang disediakan oleh perkembangan teknologi ini harus dimanfaatkan dengan baik sehingga model komunikasi periklanan dan model komunikasi penjualan dibarengi dengan pemanfaatan teknologi yang baik dan tepat. Industry 4.0 mengharuskan pengguna untuk cermat dalam menentukan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi.
Praktik Dakwah Islam Di Media Digital dan Pengaruhnya
Authors: Intiha’ul Khiyaroh  , Avif Alfiyah
Published: January 2023

Da'wah in digital media is a new phenomenon in da'wah activities in the era of society5.0 where the main component is humans who are able to create new value throughtechnological developments. Through social media that is in the hands of humans,anytime and anywhere can do da'wah with various content that can be produced bymad'u in preaching. The development of technology gave birth to an interestingphenomenon in today's social life, namely the rise of global culture and the tendency ofsociety to depend on the media. Da'wah in this millennial era must be able to makegood use of it, especially in the use of new media. If not, it will affect the morals andmorals of the millennial generation, which in fact they are looking for their identity. Inrelation to da'wah, the role of the media is very important and strategic in the deliveryof da'wah. The media is able to access information quickly and knows no boundaries ofspace and time.
Strategi Komunikasi Persuasif Lurah Taba Lestari Dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Pola Hidup Sehat Di Era New Normal
Authors: Muhammad Randicha Hamandia
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out how the image of awareness of the healthy lifestyle of the Taba Lestari village community before a persuasive communication strategy is applied, to find out how the Taba Lestari village head's persuasive communication strategy is to increase awareness of a healthy lifestyle in the new normal era, and to find out how the picture of awareness pattern healthy life of the Taba Lestari village community after the persuasive communication strategy was applied. The theory used in this research is the theory of persuasive communication strategy by Melvin L. Defluer and Sandra J. Ball-Roceach. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of research that have been carried out in describing the awareness of people's lifestyles before the existence of a persuasive communication strategy, people have implemented a healthy lifestyle, but people are not fully aware of it. In psychodynamic strategies that involve emotional and cognitive factors in society in persuasion. Sociocultural strategies take advantage of environmental factors rather than society. The meaning construction strategy focuses more on providing understanding to persuade by manipulating words and attracting attention without changing a meaning. An illustration of awareness of a healthy lifestyle after the implementation of persuasive strategy communication that is carried out to increase awareness of a healthy lifestyle in the new normal era.
Mad Studies Genealogy and Praxis
Authors: Costa Lucy , Ross Lori
Published: January 2023

The opinions, writings, artwork, and cultural production of academics and non-academic mental health service users/survivors form the basis of what we have come to understand as Mad Studies. In this essay, we introduce what we mean by Mad Studies “praxis" (i.e., theory-informed action) in the hopes of clarifying the distinction between other similar frameworks doing social justice/anti-oppression work. Our argument is that Mad Studies praxis gives us a specific multi-vocal vocabulary for advancing our understanding, critical analyses, and emancipatory projects which build on the interdependence between academic and community activism. Mad Studies has a rich theoretical praxis based on its enduring historical, intellectual, and community-centered mobilisation despite criticisms and challenges.
Sylvia Plath and Mad Studies: Reframing the Life and Death of Sylvia Plath
Authors: Macaulay McManus James
Published: January 2023

MEMOIR
Stories of the Silenced Manifesto and Mad Studies
Authors: McMahon Rachael
Published: January 2023

This paper delves into a discussion about my experience of living with schizoaffective disorder and how I am shackled by biomedicine.  This paper outlines a series of concepts that, like Mad Studies, emancipates and provides a commensurable space for mental health service users to have a voice and to be heard.  The discourse which promotes this space is what I call the Silenced Manifesto.  Throughout this paper, I unpack the meaning of the Silenced Manifesto which builds upon the importance of the discipline of Mad Studies. Ultimately, this paper is about the effects of biomedicine on my mental health.  Firstly, I discuss the method used in my research, that is autoethnography. Then, I give a background of the concepts of the Silenced Manifesto and Mad Studies, the theoretical backbones of the paper.  Then, I back up my argument with a narrative of what it is like to be a cog in the wheel of biomedicine. In particular, a narrative on how I am labelled and assessed and therapeutically treated within the biomedical paradigm. And I query if biomedicine and its scientific arm of psychiatry are in fact applicable and appropriate to mental health, its diagnosis and definition and its treatment.
Diccionario Electrónico Concordado de Términos Gramaticales y Retóricos Latinos (decotgrel): historia, métodos y objetivos.
Authors: Gutiérrez Galindo Marco A.
Published: January 2023

El interés de los estudiosos modernos por el léxico especializadoen latín empezó ya en las primeras décadas del siglo xx. Sin embargo, eltratamiento sistemático de los términos científico-técnicos tanto desde elpunto de vista teórico como práctico tardó más de medio siglo en alcanzarun cierto grado de desarrollo porque no disponían de instrumentosadecuados para progresar adecuadamente. La llegada de las modernastecnologías electrónicas para el tratamiento masivo de la información, asícomo el desarrollo teórico de una ciencia cognitiva de la comunicaciónhan proporcionado a los investigadores los medios para elaborar potentesinstrumentos lexicográficos que son capaces de dar satisfacción en buenamedida a las necesidades que tenía el gran desarrollo alcanzado por lainvestigación a lo largo de las últimas décadas en todos los campos dela ciencia. El decotgrel, en tanto que diccionario concordado, es unbuen ejemplo de las posibilidades y retos que tiene ante sí la lexicografíay la terminología del siglo xxi.
Procesos léxico-semánticos en el campo tropológico: usos especializados y usos comunes.
Authors: Penas Ibáñez Azucena
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo estudia los procesos semánticos presentesen aquellos tropos que se comportan como mecanismos eficaces y necesariosen desarrollos graduales de lexicalización y gramaticalización. Seanalizan las escalas de términos en la conformación de un continuum, nosolo en el léxico, desde donde hemos partido en la presente investigación,sino también en la gramática y en la tropología. Desde el punto de vista semántico,el procedimiento léxico aplicado a los tropos permite estudiarlosen su perspectiva combinatoria desde las solidaridades (léxicas, ontológicasy semánticas), así como, desde la neología (léxica, semántica y léxicosemántica),siendo esta última la más exigente en cuanto a creatividad,donde se hace patente el hecho de que para retos mayores se requiere laacción de ambos niveles.
Sobre -gate. Origen, significado y comportamiento morfológico
Authors: Méndez Santos María del Carmen
Published: January 2023

En este trabajo se persigue analizar el origen del formante-gate procedente del inglés, el significado que comporta en las nuevasformaciones que se crean con él en español y su comportamiento morfológico.Para ello se ha partido de un corpus de ejemplos, elaboradoad hoc, extraído de la prensa escrita de los últimos treinta años y quepermite entender la dimensión de este fenómeno de creación léxica en lalengua española.
Aspectos de la recepción del léxico en -ismo e -ista en la lexicografía académica española y en la hispanoamericana: las actitudes en los siglos xviii, xix y xx
Authors: Muñoz Armijo Laura
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analizan los nombres de actitudes creadasmediante los sufijos -ismo e -ista en el léxico del español moderno. Paraello, se parte de las voces admitidas con ambos morfemas en la tradiciónlexicográfica académica española, desde el Diccionario de Autoridades(1726-1770) hasta la vigésima segunda edición (2001). Además, se tieneen cuenta la recepción de los sistemas de comportamiento en los diccionariosde zonas geográficas del español de América con el fin de determinarsi el patrón de actitudes en -ismo e -ista funciona de la misma maneraen las dos variedades diatópicas. La investigación pretende señalar laslíneas de evolución semántica de las actitudes creadas con los dos sufijosen la historia de la lengua española. Finalmente, se estudia el componenteideológico que presentan muchos de estos neologismos.
Planteamiento, estructura y sistema de marcación del Diccionario Diferencial del Español de Canarias
Authors: Medina Peñate Inmaculada
Published: January 2023

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Football Training: Prophylaxis of Hypertension and Prediabetes in Malaysia
Authors: Bin Jazlan Muhammad Danish
Published: January 2023

According to the 2019 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS), 3.4 million Malaysians are affected by at least two of the three major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol. The fundamental issue in Malaysia is that individuals are unwilling to attend the hospital for periodic examinations and to seek preventative medical care. It is necessary to adapt football training as a hobby and concurrently as a preventative measure against the NCDs as it appears to be the optimal strategy. In Germany, a prospective interventional study was conducted. Statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26 revealed that providing middle-aged hypertensive patients with football training can improve blood pressure control and minimize the need for antihypertensive medication. Using SPSS version 22, it has been demonstrated in a randomized control trial in the Faroe Islands that football training combined with professional nutrition counseling had a greater effect on metabolic and cardiovascular health prediabetes individuals aged 55 to 70 than expert dietary advice alone. At the state level, Selangor has greatly progressed in health sector reform. Initiatives to minimize noncommunicable diseases have received special attention. This study implies that the mission and vision of the Selangor Health and Sports Council align. After a comprehensive assessment, a viable policy for integrating football training as a preventative intervention should be considered.
LA AMBIVALENCIA DE LOS CUENTOS INFANTILES EN LA NARANJA MARAVILLOSA, DE SILVINA OCAMPO
Authors: Suárez Hernán Carolina
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo aborda la literatura infantil de Silvina Ocampo, concretamente algunos de los cuentos que integran La naranja maravillosa (1977). En este volumen, la autora manipula algunos relatos publicados previamente en sus contarios destinados al público general para adecuarlos al público infantil. Este trabajo examina las modificaciones que se llevan a cabo en las distintas versiones con la finalidad de dirigirse a diferentes lectores implícitos. De acuerdo a la Teoría de los Polisistemas y, sobre todo, a las investigaciones de Zohar Shavit, Silvina Ocampo integra los cuentos en dos sistemas literarios, con las implicaciones derivadas de este hecho. Finalmente, los cuentos poseen un carácter ambivalente y ocupan una posición difusa en el sistema tanto por la manipulación de los relatos como por la concepción de la infancia que subyace a su narrativa.
María Isabel CINTAS GUILLÉN.— Manuel Chaves Nogales. Andar y contar (vols. I y II). Almería: Confluencias / Universidad de Sevilla, 2021, 552 pp. y 330 pp.
Authors: Pérez Álvarez Álvaro
Published: January 2023

Reseña
Inter-organ Wingless/Ror/Akt signaling regulates nutrient-dependent hyperarborization of somatosensory neurons
Authors: Kanaoka Yasutetsu , Onodera Koun , Watanabe Kaori , Hayashi Yusaku , Usui Tadao , Uemura Tadashi , Hattori Yukako
Published: January 2023

Nutrition in early life has profound effects on an organism, altering processes such as organogenesis. However, little is known about how specific nutrients affect neuronal development. Dendrites of class IV dendritic arborization neurons in Drosophila larvae become more complex when the larvae are reared on a low-yeast diet compared to a high-yeast diet. Our systematic search for key nutrients revealed that the neurons increase their dendritic terminal densities in response to a combined deficiency in vitamins, metal ions, and cholesterol. The deficiency of these nutrients upregulates Wingless in a closely located tissue, body wall muscle. Muscle-derived Wingless activates Akt in the neurons through the receptor tyrosine kinase Ror, which promotes the dendrite branching. In larval muscles, the expression of wingless is regulated not only in this key nutrient-dependent manner, but also by the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Additionally, the low-yeast diet blunts neuronal light responsiveness and light avoidance behavior, which may help larvae optimize their survival strategies under low-nutritional conditions. Together, our studies illustrate how the availability of specific nutrients affects neuronal development through inter-organ signaling.
Relating pathogenic loss-of-function mutations in humans to their evolutionary fitness costs
Authors: Agarwal Ipsita , Fuller Zachary L , Myers Simon R , Przeworski Molly
Published: January 2023

Causal loss-of-function (LOF) variants for Mendelian and severe complex diseases are enriched in 'mutation intolerant' genes. We show how such observations can be interpreted in light of a model of mutation-selection balance and use the model to relate the pathogenic consequences of LOF mutations at present to their evolutionary fitness effects. To this end, we first infer posterior distributions for the fitness costs of LOF mutations in 17,318 autosomal and 679 X-linked genes from exome sequences in 56,855 individuals. Estimated fitness costs for the loss of a gene copy are typically above 1%; they tend to be largest for X-linked genes, whether or not they have a Y homolog, followed by autosomal genes and genes in the pseudoautosomal region. We compare inferred fitness effects for all possible de novo LOF mutations to those of de novo mutations identified in individuals diagnosed with one of six severe, complex diseases or developmental disorders. Probands carry an excess of mutations with estimated fitness effects above 10%; as we show by simulation, when sampled in the population, such highly deleterious mutations are typically only a couple of generations old. Moreover, the proportion of highly deleterious mutations carried by probands reflects the typical age of onset of the disease. The study design also has a discernible influence: a greater proportion of highly deleterious mutations is detected in pedigree than case-control studies, and for autism, in simplex than multiplex families and in female versus male probands. Thus, anchoring observations in human genetics to a population genetic model allows us to learn about the fitness effects of mutations identified by different mapping strategies and for different traits.
CAGE13-4 Cruise Report: Sub-seabed CO2 Storage: Impact on Marine Ecosystems (ECO2) (A 7th Framework Programme EU project) PART II.
Authors: Bünz Stefan
Published: January 2023

Cruise CAGE 13-4 focused on the acquisition of acoustic data in two of the main target areas within CAGE, the deep (>1000  m  water  depth) seeping Vestnesa Ridge area and the shallower (< 400 m) highly active Prins-Karls Foreland (PKF) sites. Scientific problems that are to be addressed in these two key target areas include the periodicity of seepage (i.e. time scales  of  active,  inactive and reactivated systems), quantification of gas and hydrates, the nature of gas sources, trigger mechanisms for seepage and the architecture of the fluid flow structures underlying seafloor seepage sites.

Specific objectives of the cruise were as follows:

To repeat a P-cable survey covering the active seeps on the Vestnesa Ridge in order to develop time-lapse 4D seismic studies of gas leakage.

To acquire a P-cable survey at the active seeping area offshore PKF for planning and re-evaluation of drilling sites during the upcoming MeBo cruise in 2014.

To repeat hydro-acoustic surveying for monitoring of flares in PKF active area.

The cruise may be known as: CAGE13_7_ECO2_II
CAGE13-5 Cruise Report: Investigation of glacial geomorphology in the Storfjordrenna.
Authors: Andreassen Karin
Published: January 2023

The course GEO‐8144/3144 Marine geology and geophysics cruise, taught at the University of Tromsø, is part of the obligatory courses to be completed by PhD students affiliated with the AMGG research school and yields 5 credits (ECTS). Participants include scientific staff and students.

This cruise was conducted within the framework of

the Norwegian Science Council (NFR) project Glaciations in the Barents Sea area (GlaciBar) and

the trainee school in Arctic Marine Geology and Geophysics (AMGG) financed by the University of Tromsø. The cruise was funded by AMGG.

The main target areas are the Storfjordbanken and Storfjordrenna south of Svalbard. The cruise addressed marine glacigenic processes of the areas, with a focus on the last glacial-interglacial cycle in order to reconstruct in a more detail way the retreat of the Barents Sea–Svalbard Ice Sheet.

To collect data have been used different methods and instruments, which will be described in a more detailed way in chapter 3. Below here there is only an overview:

Multibeam echo sounder: Sound-wave beams are transmitted in a fan perpendicular to the ship track from a hull-mounted echo sounder. Produces high-resolution seafloor bathymetry.

Chirp: High-resolution acoustic profiling.

CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth): Sensors installed in a frame measure CTD properties of the water column. Generally used for oceanographic studies, but here mainly to calibrate the multibeam data from calculated velocities.

2D seismic: GI airguns and hydrophone cable (streamer).

Sediment coring: Gravity coring.

Gas sample collection.

The targeted study area is under-explored compared to similar areas (Bjørnøyrenna) in the SW Barents Sea. The study areas in the Storfjordrenna and Stordfjorbanken are shown. Several different features have been identified on the seafloor, like MSGLs, grounding zone wedges, flares, pockmarks and ploughmarks. All these features will be described in detail in chapter 4.

In addition, 9 gravity cores were acquired in areas likely to provide information on the timing of the formation of the sediment accumulation. The specific core locations were chosen based on information from multibeam swath bathymetry and chirp data. Furthermore, gas samples were collected from the cores from pockmarks and will be analyzed later.

The new results add new detailed data regarding the deglaciation of the Storfjorden trough. Glacial geomorphologic features similar to the ones in Bjørnøyrenna were discovered. The observation of gas flares were the first such discovery in the northern Barents Sea. The discovery of flares and pockmarks might have a big impact on future petroleum exploration activities in the region.

The cruise may be known as: HH_2013_GEO_8144_3144
CAGE13-7 Cruise Report: Gas Release Activity & Underwater Landslide Research Cruise
Authors: Mienert Jürgen , Plaza-Faverola Andreia , Johnson Joel , Franek Peter , Urban Peter , Osti Giacomo , Iversen Steinar , Nair Anoop , Olsen Bjørn-Runar
Published: January 2023

The overall aim of the CAGE 13-7 cruise was to study the gas release activity from gas hydrated sub-seabed environments at the continental margin off Svalbard towards the Norwegian-Greenland Sea  and Arctic Ocean. Acoustic measurements in the water column, water sampling for gas analyses, seismic profiling, bathymetry mapping, and sediment coring allowed to reach this aim. Generally, the water column above gas flares may be rich in methane but methanotrophic microorganisms might hinder an escape of methane from the water to the atmosphere. At the Molloy transform and the Vestnesa ridge we collected seismic data and sediment cores for sampling gas hydrates. We also took sediment cores from a submarine slide complex at the continental margin of NW Svalbard. The age of this slide is of interest because it sits on gas hydrated sediments as indicated by a BSR. The timing of the slope failure is unknown. At the massive Hinlopen slide area we surveyed the eastern sidewall, the toe of the slope and a block within the major slide debris flow area to understand better a potential coupling between slide processes and gas hydrates. Seismic profiles show bottom simulating reflectors that are indicative for gas hydrate underneath the southeastern headwall of this slide complex.

The cruise may be known as: CAGE13_JM
Detect feature edges for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Li Jie , Li Yaotang
Published: January 2023

One of the most common diseases among women of reproductive age is bacterial vaginosis (BV). However, the etiology of BV remains unknown. In this study, we modeled the temporal sample of the vaginal microbiome as a network and investigated the relationship between the network edges and BV. Furthermore, we used feature selection algorithms including decision tree (DT) and ReliefF (RF) to select the network feature edges associated with BV and subsequently validated these feature edges through logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine (SVM). The results show that: machine learning can distinguish vaginal community states (BV, ABV, SBV, and HEA) based on a few feature edges; selecting the top five feature edges of importance can achieve the best accuracy for the feature selection and classification model; the feature edges selected by DT outperform those selected by RF in terms of classification algorithm LR and SVM, and LR with DT feature edges is more suitable for diagnosing BV; two feature selection algorithms exhibit differences in the importance of ranking of edges; the feature edges selected by DT and RF cannot construct sub-network associated with BV. In short, the feature edges selected by our method can serve as indicators for personalized diagnosis of BV and aid in the clarification of a more mechanistic interpretation of its etiology.
Genome-wide identification and expression profile analysis of SWEET genes in Chinese jujube
Authors: Yang Chong , Zhao Xuan , Luo Zhi , Wang Lihu , Liu Mengjun
Published: January 2023

The novel sugar transporter known as SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporter) is involved in the transport and distribution of photosynthesis products in plants. The SWEET protein is also involved in pollen development, nectar secretion, stress responses, and other important physiological processes. Although SWEET genes have been characterized and identified in model plants, such as Arabidopsis and rice, little is known about them in jujube. In this study, the molecular characteristics of the SWEET gene family in the Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and their expression patterns in different organs, at different fruit developmental stages, and under abiotic stress were analyzed. A total of 19 ZjSWEET genes were identified in jujube through a genome-wide study; these were classified into four sub-groups based on their phylogenic relationships. The gene structure analysis of ZjSWEET genes showed that all the members had introns. The expression patterns of different ZjSWEET genes varied significantly in different organs (root, shoot, leave, flower, fruit), which indicated that ZjSWEETs play different roles in multiple organs. According to the expression profiles by quantitative real-time PCR analysis during fruit development, the expression levels of the two genes (ZjSWEET11, ZjSWEET18) gradually increased with the development of the fruit and reached a high level at the full-red fruit stage. A prediction of the cis-acting regulatory elements indicated that the promoter sequences of ZjSWEETs contained nine types of phytohormone-responsive cis-regulatory elements and six environmental factors. In addition, the expression profiles by quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that some of the ZjSWEETs responded to environmental changes; ZjSWEET2 was highly induced in response to cold stress, and ZjSWEET8 was significantly up-regulated in response to alkali and salt stresses. This study showed that the functions of the ZjSWEET family members of jujube are different, and some may play an important role in sugar accumulation and abiotic stress in jujube.
Effect of overlap length on the strength of adhesive joints of steel sheets
Authors: Doluk Elżbieta , Rudawska Anna , Miturska-Barańska Izabela , Ogrodniczek Jacek
Published: January 2023

The study evaluates the shear strength of the single-lap adhesive joints made of C45 carbon steel. The influence of the overlap length on the shear strength of the adhesive joint was tested. The elongation of the samples was also tested. Before the bonding process, the samples were treated with P180 abrasive paper and degreased. The adhesive joints were made using the Epidian 53/Z1/100:10 adhesive composition. The strength tests were carried out on a Zwick/Roell Z150 testing machine. The maximum value of the shear strength was obtained for the lap Lz1 = 13 mm and the minimum for Lz4 = 19 mm.
The influence of the manufacturing method on the mechanical properties of the honeycomb core sandwich composite
Authors: Janiszewski Jacek , Przybyłek Paweł , Bieńczak Rafał , Komorek Łukasz , Sobieski zu Schwarzenberg Miłosz
Published: January 2023

Reducing weight and fuel consumption is one of the main goals of modern aeronautical engineering. The most common materials to achieve this goal are composite layered materials, including the sandwich ones. High strength, stiffness and low density have made sandwich composites one of the fundamental materials of the aerospace industry. Sandwich-structured composites can be manufactured with a variety of methods, differing primarily in the manufacturing time, which translates into an overall cost of making a composite component. The research focused on three methods of manufacturing sandwich composite materials with a honeycomb core, differing in the number of operations, during which it was possible to obtain a finished composite panel (single-phase, two-phase and three-phase methods). The authors manufactured and examined composites with a honeycomb cover and two composite glass fibre-reinforced covers. The composites were made by means of the vacuum bag method. As a result of the conducted study, it was found that composites manufactured with the single-phase method have the shortest manufacture time as well as the lowest material consumption, however their strength properties are the lowest. The two-phase method requires a longer manufacture time and more material consumption, however it makes it possible to obtain a composite with higher strength compared with the single-phase method. The three-phase method has the longest composite manufacture time and the highest material consumption.
Biocoagulants as Ecofriendly Alternatives in the Dairy Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Namdeti Rakesh , Joaquin Arlene , Meka Uma Reddy , Amri Muna Amer Ali Azam Al , Kashoub Amal Said Amir Mubarak
Published: January 2023

Coagulation is a simple and widely used method for water and wastewater treatment. Chemical coagulants, on the other hand, not only produce vast volumes of toxic sludge, but they also have negative impacts on living organisms. This study demonstrates the use of neem tree leaf and banana leaf powders as natural coagulants for the treatment of dairy effluent. The jar test was used to determine the pH, turbidity, and metal ion content of the treated samples. The biocoagulants were experimented at a rate of 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, and 300 mg/L at pH of 5, 6, and 7. The levels of turbidity, sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), lithium (Li), and copper (Cu) were measured after the treatment process. Turbidity was reduced by 52%, and coagulants at 200 mg/L and 300 mg/L were more successful at removing metal ions from dairy effluent except in copper, where 100 mg/L was shown to be more effective. In the scattering between adjacent, similarly charged particles, the zeta potential reveals the strength of repulsive powers. There are more dispersion and suspension rates in the treatment of dairy wastewater using banana and neem leaf biocoagulants. Neem tree leaf and banana leaf powders were efficient and cost-effective eco-friendly biocoagulants for the treatment of dairy effluent.
Impact of Drought on Sorghum Production and Its Adaptation Strategies in Baki District, Awdal Region, Somaliland
Authors: Ali Muhiyadin Abdilahi , Karim Md. Rezaul , Osman Mohamed Abdi
Published: January 2023

The main objective of the study was to determine the impact of the drought on sorghum production and its adaptation strategies to overcome the impacts. The sorghum farmers of the Baki and Ruqi villages under the Baki districts were the respondents of the study. the study was conducted from 16 February 2022 – 1 January 2023, from the population, the study selected 109 sample sizes to represent the population by using the Slovin formula with the maximum acceptable error of 5%. The sampling procedure was non-probability particularly purposive sampling. fifteen major drought impacts faced by sorghum farmers were identified in the study. A four-point rating scale was used to measure the extent of drought impact, and based on the scale score, the farmers were categorized. Moreover, Drought Impact Index (DII) was calculated to rank the selected impacts. the highest proportion of sorghum farmers (78 percent) faced high drought impacts on the production of sorghum. Among the 15 selected drought impact the highest drought impact index (DII) was found for ‘Crop failure’ which is (DII 327) and the lowest was “increase the unemployment” with a score of (DII 279). The most prioritized suggestion adaptation strategies regarding the solution of the drought impacts were “Drought-tolerant crop varieties” followed by “Use of short-duration crop varieties” “water harvest for irrigation use”, and “weather forecasts and early warnings system”.  The study recommends the adaptation of drought-resistant crop varieties, short-duration crops, the establishment of weather forecasts and early warning systems, and water harvesting for irrigation use to adapt the climatic shocks.
Cardiovascular Disease Spectrum and Mortality in the Medical Wards of University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A 5-Year Review
Authors: Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye T. , Ajala Aisha O.
Published: January 2023

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality globally. Approximately 80% of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, where preventive health practices are poor or non-existent. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of cardiovascular disease admissions and mortality over a 5-year period in a tertiary hospital in Rivers State, Nigeria.

Methods: Admissions records of patients admitted into the medical wards within the study period (January 2017 to December 2021) were reviewed and relevant information pertaining to the study objectives was retrieved for analysis. Data obtained from the records were the age, sex, final diagnosis, co-morbidities, duration of admission and outcome.

Results: There were a total of 1901 cardiovascular admissions with a male to female ratio of 1.3 to 1. Cardiovascular mortality was also higher in males with a ratio of 1.0 to 0.9. Cerebrovascular accident accounted for 44.9% of total admissions which was closely followed by heart failure (39.4%), hypertensive crises (10.2%) and pulmonary embolism also accounted for 3.5% of cases. Acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmias, pericarditis, and peripheral vascular disease accounted collectively for less than 2% of cases. Cardiovascular related mortality accounted for 20.6% over the 5-year study period. Males had significantly higher cases of heart failure during the study period.

Conclusion: A high burden of cardiovascular disease related admissions and mortality was found with an exponential increase over the 5-year study period. Cerebrovascular accident and heart failure accounted for the commonest cause of CV mortality. Preventive measures to reduce the burden of CV disease is essential to curtail this growing menace.