bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El libre mercado en Puerto Rico 2022
Authors: Carrión-Tavárez Ángel , Fernández-López Luz N. , Lara Juan
Published: December 2022

El objetivo general de este estudio fue evaluar el conocimiento de los principios fundamentales de la libertad económica y el libre mercado, y la afinidad con ellos en Puerto Rico. Se construyó y administró un cuestionario que incluyó las dimensiones “situación actual”, “libertad económica”, “libre mercado”, “libertad individual”, “estado de derecho”, “derechos de propiedad”, “gobierno limitado”, “desafíos del libre mercado”, “agenciamiento moral”, “bienestar social” y “meritocracia”. Además, se elaboró un ranking de una serie de principios de libertad económica y libre mercado, según su importancia para los participantes y el funcionamiento de dichos principios en Puerto Rico.
Küresel Bir Restoranda Servis Edilen Bitki Bazlı ve Et Bazlı Burgerlerin Tercih Edilebilirliklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: UÇAN KAYAALP Berre Zeynep , BAKAN Raşit , METİN Erhan , SAVAŞ Elif
Published: December 2022

Çalışma, küresel bir restoranda servis edilen et bazlı burgerlerin ve bu burgerlere alternatif olarak sunulan bitki bazlı burgerlerin karakteristik özelliklerinin belirlenerek tercih edilebilirliklerinin kıyaslanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Burgerlerin tercih edilebilirliklerinin belirlenmesinde duyusal analiz yöntemlerinden, tekstür analizi, lezzet profili analizi (LPA) ve toplam beğenirliğin belirlenmesi amacıyla hedonik skala yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Eğitim verilen 30 panelist üzerinde gerçekleştirilen ve her iki burger için ayrı ayrı uygulanan testlere ait sonuçların istatistiki olarak değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (22.0)’de kolerasyon ve tek yönlü ANOVA testleri kullanılmıştır. Diğer yandan Excel Programı’nda elde edilen sonuçların örümcek ağı diyagramlarına et bazlı burger ve bitki bazlı burgerler için ayrı ayrı yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucu her iki burger için hissedilen et tadı oranlarının, tekstür ve LPA sonuçlarını etkilediğini ortaya çıkarmıştır (p
STRENGTHENING ROMANIAS' RESILIENCE TO RUSSIAN DISINFORMATION
Authors: POP Andreia - Mariana
Published: December 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to improve public awareness of the influence campaigns carried out in the Romanian public space, via traditional and internet media that are at odds with national interests. In the context of an ongoing Russian disinformation campaign that frequently spreads disinformation among civil society members and, more concerning, generates hostility between the Romanian citizens and their officials, the most common Russian narratives used in Romania are analyzed, and their misleading aspects are revealed. Thepaper also covers the resilience approach at national level, as well as at the EU and NATO levels, in order to better understand the instruments and procedures available for lowering risks and managing threats affecting the Romanian society. In light of the current situation in Ukraine, the study presents a series of conclusions regarding how the dissemination of misleading narratives influenced the information environment in Romania
COLOURING WITH THE SAME BRUSH: REVISITING UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION IN SOUTH ASIA
Authors: THAMBAN Arya S , HUMAYUN Sheık
Published: December 2022

Undocumented cross-border migration is an active agent of the state indeed. The inflow single-handedly affects the state policies and bilateral relations with the source country. In this process of interaction, these movements get altered reciprocally. In a heterogeneous society like South Asia, recurrent tension persists between groups and even the States. As a result, the region remains vibrant in territorial and communal disputes. South Asia witnessed a great exodus and constant illegal migration across the borders that shaped the politics in the region. The paper attempts to analyze the inconsistent attitude toward different cross-border migrations in South Asia. The analysis has contextualized the affairs of the state and the history of South Asian countries. The uncertainty of immigrants and the absence of a proper legislative framework exclusive to South Asia results in administrative ad hocism.
Impact of Capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd’s Purse) Herbal Tea Preparations on Symptoms and Severity of Hemorrhoidal Disease: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: MERT Tuba , YİĞİT Ece
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Medicinal herbs have been used to treat hemorrhoidal disease for centuries. Given its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, Capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd’s purse) may potentially lead to regression of the hemorrhoidal plexuses. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Capsella bursa-pastoris, an affordable and easy-to-use herbal medicine, on the severity and physical examination findings of hemorrhoidal disease in patients, who receive conventional treatment for hemorrhoids.

Material-Method: This study was designed as a prospective, randomized study. The population of the study comprised symptomatic patients who presented with second and third-degree hemorrhoids to the Internal Medicine and General Surgery departments of Istanbul Medipol University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey, between October 2021 and February 2022. The patients were randomized into two groups: the control group, that is, the group of patients, who were to receive conservative treatment only for three months, and the study group, that is, the group of patients who were to receive conservative treatment and use herbal tea preparations of Capsella bursa-pastoris for three months. Demographic (age and gender) and baseline and 3-month clinical characteristics were recorded. The study's primary outcome was the changes observed in the symptoms and physical examination findings of hemorrhoidal disease in the study group relative to those in the control group.

Results: The study sample consisted of a total of 218 patients, who were randomized into the study and control groups, with 109 patients in each group. Significantly older patients were seen in Group CT (39.5 ± 14.6 and 35.5 ± 11.7 years, p=0.030). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of other characteristics (p>0.05). At the 3rd-month follow-up examination, it was determined that there were significantly fewer patients with bleeding and difficulty during defecation in the study group compared to the control group (p=0.001 for both cases). Patients in the study group had significantly lower VAS scores for pain and the number of affected quadrants compared to those in the control group (p
Popular Complementary and Alternative Therapy Methods in Different Conditions
Authors: SÜZER Akın , ÜNAL SÜZER Nevriye , ŞAVKIN Raziye , BÜKER Nihal
Published: December 2022

Complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) are methods for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases based on various cultural beliefs and experiences that are not currently considered part of modern medicine. In recent years, the integration of CAM applications into healthcare systems all over the world has led to an increase in their use and frequency, and it has also increased the necessity and expectation of evidence-based practices. In this review, it was aimed to examine the alternative treatment methods that are frequently used in different conditions, their mechanisms of action, and their application within the framework of scientific evidence. For this purpose, popularly used complementary and alternative therapies for musculoskeletal conditions (dry needling, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization, dry cupping), neurological conditions (acupuncture, reflexology), and other conditions such as cancer and metabolic diseases (yoga) were examined.
Gambaran Kadar Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) Pada Penderita Tuberculosis Pengobatan 6 Bulan – 1 Tahun
Authors: Rustiah Wa Ode , Muawanah Muawanah , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Azis Nurul Ni’ma , Rahman Novita
Published: December 2022

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah suatu penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Seseorang telah didiagnosis dengan TB aktif (TB yang mempengaruhi paru-paru dan menyebabkan gejala batuk mengeluarkan darah, berkeringat malam hari, menurunkan berat badan demam dan nyeri dada), maka akan diberikan paket obat TB (OAT) yang harus diminum selama enam bulan, di mana obat ini merupakan kombinasi dari beberapa antibiotik. Pengobatan TB terbagi menjadi 2 fase, yaitu fase intensif (2-3 bulan) dan fase lanjutan (4-6 bulan). Paduan obat yang digunakan terdiri dari paduan obat utama dan tambahan. Dalam pengobatan TB, OAT ini merupakan jenis obat utama yang digunakan. Efek samping yang ditimbulkan dari penggunaan OAT yang paling serius adalah hepatotoksik. Hepatotoksik adalah reaksi paparan zat yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan hati. Pemeriksaan fungsi hati bisa melalui pemeriksaan SGPT. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, dengan tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran dari hasil penentuan kadar Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) pada penderita TB yang menjalani pengobatan 6 bulan – 1 tahun, dengan mengambil serum pasien TB sebanyak 8 sampel, menggunakan metode Kinetik pada alat Fotometer Biochemri BC153. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 sampel yang mengalami peningkatan kadar SGPT dan 5 sampel lainnya tidak mengalami peningkatan kadar SGPT (normal). Pemberian OAT tidak signifikasikan menyebabkan kadar SGPT pada penderita tuberculosis meningkat, akan tetapi pemberian OAT dalam jangka panjang bisa berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan SGPT pada penderita tuberculosis.
Stock Price Forecasting in Real Estate Industry Based on Investor Sentiment
Authors: Fan Xiaoyuan , Chen Jiashuo
Published: December 2022

Stock price fluctuations are unstable, and investors' decision-making is also subject to the influence of their feelings. This study suggests a real estate stock price prediction approach based on investors' moods in response to the present phenomena that investors' desire to participate in the real estate development business is falling and risk aversion is increasing. Firstly, we quantify the stock bar comment scores combined with the Baidu search index to construct a composite sentiment index. Next, we combine additional stock price influencing factors and perform functional principal component analysis and dimensionality reduction to address the issue of multiple covariances. Finally, we input the index into CNN's prediction model to determine when the stock price will rise or fall.
The Protection of the Right and Interests of Small and Medium-sized Creditors in Corporate Bankruptcy under the Framework of Chinese Bankruptcy Law
Authors: Yin Haoyuan
Published: December 2022

Protecting the interests of creditors is the key to improve the business environment of our country. However, the current law of our country is weak to protect the creditors. When an enterprise enters bankruptcy procedures, the game between creditors and enterprises exists at various stages of bankruptcy. However, the small creditors often have less voice in the creditors' meeting, and the large creditors have more decision-making power in the meeting, making the interests of the large creditors as the core in the meeting and causing serious damage to the interests of the small creditors. Based on the process of corporate bankruptcy, this paper analyzes the inadequacy of the protection of small creditors in each stage after corporate bankruptcy, and puts forward some suggestions for future amendment.
Strategies for Strengthening Project Management and Improving Project Quality
Authors: Jiang Biyou , Wang Xiaochu
Published: December 2022

The rapid development of our society has put forward higher requirements for engineering management technology and engineering quality. The relationship between project management and project quality is complementary and inseparable. Therefore, this paper first expounds the importance of strengthening project management and improving project quality, then analyzes the internal and external factors that affect project management and project quality, and then points out that there are problems in project management and project quality. There is a need for innovation in project management models. , The construction technology has not been innovated, and the engineering construction cost has not been effectively controlled. Finally, suggestions are put forward to improve the skills of project management personnel, conduct market research and quality inspection of raw material supply, improve the internal engineering management system of construction enterprises, and give full play to the supervision function of government functional departments.
Research on Optimization of Logistics Management Process from the Perspective of Supply Chain Management
Authors: Lu Jiaxuan , Xu Haoyue , Kan Xinyu , Lei Yiming
Published: December 2022

With the development of economy, the Internet economy has brought great opportunities to the logistics industry, and at the same time it has brought brand-new challenges to the logistics industry. Logistics industry plays a very important role in economic and social development, and the optimization of logistics management process becomes the key to the healthy and sustainable development of logistics industry and to meet the needs of economic and social development. From the perspective of supply chain management, this paper explores the problems existing in the logistics management process, puts forward the strategy of optimizing the logistics management process, and expounds the positive effects of optimizing the logistics management process, hoping to bring some help to the logistics industry workers.
Application Research of User Co-creation in Intelligent Cockpit Solutions
Authors: Guo Xin , Wan Tiantian , Zhang Fan
Published: December 2022

The method of user co-creation originated in the Internet industry and gradually penetrated into other industries. In the era of "user experience as the core", the definition of intelligent cockpit functions needs to be closely centered on the user's use scenarios and needs. It refers to the user co creation workshop to obtain the user's experience, mine the user's needs, and through the participation of real users, automotive industry experts and automotive designers, Provide innovative solutions for intelligent cockpit through co creation, and carry out functional definition and engineering development.
Cultural Problems and Challenges Encountering Translator of Children’s Literature: Snow White as a Case Study
Authors: Alidmat Ali , Ayassrah Mohamed
Published: December 2022

This study aims to discuss the cultural norms in the translation of children’s literature that involves the concept of culture as well as translation and Culture; it also involves the identification of other concepts that include Translation and Culture as well as Deletions, Retention, and Replacement as well as Addition. This study also involves the description of the Children’s literature of Snow White as a case study and Hyper Cultural Sensitivity.This study relied on the analytical methods of many prior studies, as well as the method of text analysis, to achieve the most accurate results for the research problem i.e. cultural problems and challenges encountered by children's literature translators. The study found that the hypersensitivity of the culture may cause the decisiveness of the influence associated with the images of childhood in the translated texts. Misinterpretations or conflicts may primarily occur when people are not aware of their behavioural rules and project them onto others. Intercultural awareness is essential in the case of communication with people from other cultures as they observe and interpret as well as evaluate things in a variety of ways.
Engendering informality statistics
Authors: Gardner Jessica , Frosch Michael , Walsh Kieran ,   International Labour Organization. Department of Statistics
Published: December 2022

Informality is a dynamic and multidimensional concern that demands gender-sensitive data. In 2018, globally, more than 60% of employment was informal. However, global averages hide that in more countries the share of women in informal employment exceeds that of men. Also, women in the informal economy are often in the most unprotected situations – as domestic workers, home-based workers and contributing family workers – where a lack of visibility can increase their vulnerability. The ILO and its partners are working to engender informality statistics to improve gender data and support countries to respond to data needs on women’s economic empowerment. This working paper was written to support the ILO Working Group for the Revision of the standards for statistics on informality. It explores the demand for gender data on informality and the measurement challenges faced. The paper highlights the opportunities emerging from the revision of statistical standards on informality that are set to be adopted in 2023.
Laparoscopic choledochoduodenostomy: Old wine new bottle
Authors: Negi Anil , Sagar Sudesh , Kumar Dhiraj
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Choledocholithiasis is a common medical condition in medical sciences requiring intervention.
Among various available techniques Choledochoduodenostomy (CDD),the old age technique is being performed by laparoscopic means.
AIM: To study the Laparoscopic choledochoduodenostomy as a surgical option in case of choledocholithiasis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:This is a prospective study, conducted on 159 patients, diagnosed as a case of choledocholithiasis and operated through laparoscopic CDD, and later on followed up to three year in a structured manner for early and long term complications esp. Sump syndrome.
RESULTS: Abdominal pain with jaundice was most common presenting complaint. 65.40% had secondary stones, while 10.06% and 5.66% had retained and recurrent stones respectively.8.5% had alkaline reflux gastritis in post operative period , which was managed conservatively, none developed Sump syndrome.
CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic CDD is one of the minimally invasive option for choledocholithiasis with less complications.
“ Post neoadjuvant chemotherapy Histopathological evaluation of breast cancer specimens”
Authors: Nayak Mamita , besra Kusumbati , samantaray Sagarika , nayak prajna
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aims: Breast carcinomas in locally advanced cases are usually treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) . Now adays it is also extended to some cases of early and operable breast cancer cases also.The aim of the study is to highlight the histopathological changes observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer specimens and to evaluate the role of histopathological examination in assessing the complete response (pCR),pathological partial response (pPR) and pathological no response(pNR).
Methods : A retrospective one year study carried out in our tertiary care cancer centre from January 2019 to December 2019. Pathological response to NACT were assessed in terms of the residual tumour size, histological grade, lymphovascular space invasion, fibrosis, calcification , histiocytes and the necrosis. Pathological response was calculated by the residual cancer burden(RCB) and the tumour node metastases (ypTNM) staging system was determined by the 8th edition of AJCC(American joint cancer committee) staging guidelines .
Results: A total of 143 breast cancer patients treated with NACT followed by surgery were included . Of the 143 cases of post NACT ,115 cases had residual cancer(80.41% ) and 28 cases(19.5%) showed complete pathological response. Grossly(macroscopically) the tumour was identifiable in 68% of cases. Histologically,most of the residual carcinomas post NACT were invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type. About 70 cases (48.95%) of the post NACT breast cancer patients were of grade 2. Necrosis was noted in41.2%(59out of 143 cases) .98 cases(68%) showed lymphnode metastasis. pCR was seen in 19.5% of cases,pPR was noted in 74.12% of cases and 6.29% were pNR.
Conclusions: NACT followed by surgery is a treatment modality in management of locally advanced breast cancer. It is now also promising treatment strategy which can be extended for the management of early stage and in operable breast cancers. . This study focuses on the easily reproducible histopathological parameters and their inclusion in the histopathology report . Histopathological evaluation can predict the response to chemotherapy and can impact the further course of treatment.
Remnant Cholesterol and Leptin: Any Association in Normal Weight, Over Weight and Obese Individuals in South East Nigeria
Authors: Nnamdi Chinonso , Ubuo Amah , Onuegbu Anaelechi , Olisekodiaka Madu , Okpara Chima , Okwara Ekenedirichukwu , Analike Adamma , Njoku Chidiadi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Leptin circulating levels increase with weight gain and decrease with weight loss. The amount of leptin circulating in the body is proportional to an individual's fat. We investigated the association of leptin and remnant cholesterol in normal-weight, overweight and obese participants in southeast Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional random study. A total of 90 healthy obese, overweight, and normal-weight participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly enrolled in the study. They were grouped using their body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 (average weight), 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 (overweight), and ≥30 kg/m2 (obese). The measured parameters were analyzed using standard methods.
Results: Our results showed that there was a progressive increase of remnant cholesterol among the group, but there was no statistical difference (p>0.05) in the mean calculated remnant cholesterol (mmol/l) between the obese (0.72±0.4mmol/l), overweight (0.68±0.46), and average weight (0.50±0.28mmol/l) participants. There was a significant difference in the mean level of Leptin (ug/l) of the obese participants compared to regular weight participants (0.63±0.29 vs. 0.25±0.26, 0.001) and overweight when compared to average weight (0.51±0.27 vs. 0.25±0.26, 0.003). Remnant cholesterol did not correlate with body mass index (BMI) in those that are obese, overweight, or normal weight. Leptin correlated positively with BMI but inversely with Remnant cholesterol.
Conclusion: The result obtained from this study suggests that leptin has a positive relationship with BMI, and calculated Remnant cholesterol does not appear to have a direct relationship with obesity. There was no association between leptin and remnant cholesterol among the groups.
Survey Analysis of Anxiety in Gynecological Cancer Patients in the SARS‑CoV‑2 Pandemic
Authors: Basarir Zehra , Arslanca Seyma , Hamurcu Hayriye , Atalay Funda
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between anxiety and SARS-CoV-2-related anxiety in obstetrics and gynecology patients who received systemic anticancer therapy and did not receive any treatment through questionnaires measuring stress.
Materials and Methods: This non-invasive observational survey was conducted between February 2017 and June 2021. Demographic and clinical data such as age, gender, type of cancer, and type of treatment were collected from the patient's medical histories. Patients were asked to participate in the STAI-1, 2, Covid-19 Stress (C19S), and Distress Thermometer (DT) questionnaires to measure their fear/anxieties about the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Chemotherapy (CT) and Radiotherapy (RT) were recorded and analyzed for each patient.
Results: Cancer significantly affected STAI-1, STAI-2 C19S, and DT scores. Patients with cancer had 1.39-fold higher (95%CI: 1.32-1.47) STAI-1 scores than those without cancer (p<0.001). Similarly, patients with cancer had 1.37 times (95%CI: 1.3-1.45) higher STAI-2 scores than patients without cancer (p<0.001). In the analysis for C19S score, cancer had 1.41 times (95%CI: 1.32-1.52) higher C19S than patients without cancer (p<0.001). For DT scores, this ratio was 1.65 times (95%CI: 1.5-1.8) (p<0.001). University education, chronic illness, psychological drugs, and age did not affect STAI-1, STAI-2, C19S, and DT (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Cancer patients have been subject to a strong challenge in treating mental health symptoms during the pandemic. According to our study, cancer patients were affected by this condition for anxiety, so clinicians should remain vigilant for mood complications.
Baba Filminin Geriatrik Psikoloji Perspektifinden Analizi
Authors: ERMİŞ Ece Naz
Published: December 2022

Yaşlılık; kayıplar, kazanımlar ve çatışmalarla dolu yaşam periyodunun son evresidir. Bu dönem için ölüm, çoğunlukla eşlik eden hastalıklarla beraber daha yakın bir ihtimal haline gelmiştir. İleri yetişkinlik genelde varoluşsal açıdan da yaşamının bütünlüğünün gözden geçirildiği bir evredir. Değişen aile içi ve sosyal roller eşliğinde kişi kimliğinin ve bulunduğu dönemin değerlendirmesini yapar. Baba (The Father) filmi ile beraber 80 yaşında demans hastası olan Anthony adlı karakterin ruhsal çatışmaları, kendisini ve dış çevreyi anlamlandırma çabası benlik ve benlik ideali, kimlik krizi, cinsiyet tanımlamaları ve rolleri, ölüm ve zaman arasındaki ilişkiler üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Kızı Anne’in gözünden ise muğlak kayıp, suçluluk duygusu, yas ve bakım vermede değişen rolleri irdelenmiştir. Bu araştırma, eleştirel nitel bir çalışma şeklinde hazırlanmış, gelişimsel ve psikanalitik kuramsal bakış açısı ile betimleyici yöntem kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Filmin analizi, demans hastası bir yaşlının gözünden ve zihninden içinde bulunduğu hastalığı ve yaş dönemini anlatarak benzer süreçlerden geçen kişilere ve hasta yakınlarına sürecin hassasiyetini ve paylaşılan duygusal yükü duyurmayı problem edinmiştir. Tartışılan kavramların yaşlılık sürecine ilişkin farkındalık yaratarak, iyileştirme ve önlem pratikleri adına bir bakış açısı getireceği düşünülmektedir.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL OF RECOVERY SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR WOMEN WITH DRUGS ADDICTION
Authors: Hidayati Rizqi Wahyu
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The women with drugs addictive were increasing significantly. As consequence, the recovery was needed to make a better quality of life. In the recovery process they needed social support to prevent relapsing. This study to review how the experience of the women with drugs addiction in their recovery process.    

Methods: This study used database in early 2011 until 2021, there were BMC, CINAHL, ClinicalKey for Nursing, Embase, Emcare, Emerald Insight, Gale OneFile: Nursing and Allied Health, Informit, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, Medline, Nursing & Allied Health, Proquest, Psycarticles, Psycinfo, Public Health Database, Pubmed, Pubmed Central (PMC), Sciencedirect, Scopus, and Wiley Online Library. The inclusion articles were qualitative original research dan research subject is relevant with the interest of this study. This study will use meta-aggregation for the analysis method.

Result: Discussion of result will be made

Conclusion: Conclusion and recommendations will be made
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KARAKTERISTIK DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PASIEN KONFIRMASI COVID-19 YANG MENJALANI ISOLASI MANDIRI DI WILAYAH UPT PUSKESMAS KARANGMOJO I
Authors: Khoeriyah Salis Miftahul
Published: December 2022

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has become a health crisis in the world because it spreads very quickly, this can cause anxiety in the community, one of which is Covid-19 confirmed patients who are undergoing independent isolation. The level of anxiety is influenced by many factors, both internal and external. undergoing self-isolation at UPT Puskesmas Karangmojo I.

Objective: to find out whether there is a relationship between patient characteristics and the anxiety level of Covid-19 confirmed patients

Method: correlation with cross-sectional approach. . The number of samples in this study were 42 people with total sampling technique. Data was collected using the HRS-A 14 (Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) questionnaire via google form.

Result: 64% of patients who underwent self-isolation experienced anxiety with mild anxiety levels, 19.0% with moderate anxiety levels, 9.5% with severe anxiety levels and 7.1% did not experience anxiety. Factors related to the level of anxiety is the level of education with the Asymp value. Significance 0.017<0.05 and age with Asymp value. Significance 0.018<0.05.

Conclusion: most of the confirmed Covid-19 patients who underwent independent isolation at the Karangmojo I Public Health Center experienced anxiety with a mild level of anxiety, and there was a relationship between patient characteristics and the patient's level of anxiety. Characteristics of respondents related to the level of anxiety is the level of education and age of the respondent.
LITERATURE REVIEW: THE INFUENCING FACTORS OF EARLY MARRIAGE IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Handayani Sri , Kora Firmina Theresia , Monika Rika , Rahayu Amin Dwi
Published: December 2022

Background: Early marriage is a problem arised among teenagers. Early marriage has negative impacts including reproductive health, especially for women, and the impact on adolescent emotions.

Objective: to analyze the journals with specific topic to show readers what has been studiedfrom the topic and what has not been researched yet, to look for factors influencing early marriage.

Methods: The study used literature review strategy.

Results: From the results of the literature review, it was obtained twelve journals related to factors that affect the early marriage in adolescents. There are nineteen factors that influence early marriage, namely: education, knowledge, socio-cultural, parents, social norms, economy, gender, ethnicity, age of respondents, age of menarche, premarital pregnancy, media exposure, attitudes, peer influence, region, number of family members, income, place of residence, and religion. While the factors that do not affect the early marriage are the phenomenon of maturity, fulfillment of romance, work, stigma, poverty, family support.

Conclusion:the factors influencing early marriage were education, income, knowledge, economy, family members, social and gender norms, ethnicity, age of respondents, media exposure, parents, culture, age of menarche, attitudes.
Carbon Emissions in the U.S.: Factor Decomposition and Cross-State Inequality Dynamics
Authors: Pouliasis Panos K. , Papapostolou Nikos C. , Tamvakis Michael N. , Moutzouris Ioannis C.
Published: December 2022

This paper examines the determinants of inequality in the distribution of CO2 emissions across U.S. regions. We implement a factorial decomposition of CO2 per capita based on extended Kaya factors, that is, carbon intensity of fossil fuel consumption, energy mix, energy intensity of GDP, economic growth in terms of labor productivity and employment rate. Results reveal that U.S. states display marked differences in most factors. We identify energy intensity as the main source of emissions inequality. Based on the within and between group inequality components we also explore the effect of geographical, geological, climatic and human development partitions of U.S. states’ groups. Findings indicate that the within-group inequality had been the main contributor to the whole inequality. Finally, some economic policy implications are also discussed; explaining the unequal distribution of emissions is vital to establish differentiated targets and work towards successful mitigation proposals.
Effect of Combining Carbon Policies and Price Controls in Cross-Border Trade of Energy on Renewable Generation Investments
Authors: Carlos Muñoz Juan , Oliva H. Sebastian , Sauma Enzo
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we investigate the combined effect of carbon policies and price controls in cross-border trade of electricity on power generation investments. It has been shown that price controls in cross-border trade of electricity may negatively affect renewable energy investments. However, the assessment of the impact of the simultaneous adoption of carbon policies and energy price controls has still not been addressed. Assessing this interaction is important to find out whether carbon policies can offset the negative impact of price controls on renewable energy investments or not. Results show that carbon policies can partially offset the negative impact of price controls, and that cap-and-trade programs are more effective to prevent this negative impact than carbon taxes. On the other hand, high levels of carbon taxes combined with price control regulation may increase renewable capacity investments, but without completely offsetting the negative effect of the price controls.
High-Speed Rail and Energy Productivity: Evidence from China
Authors: Yu Yantuan , Shao Shuai
Published: December 2022

Using the difference-in-differences method combined with the propensity score matching, this study identifies the causal relationship between high-speed rail (HSR) and energy productivity in China. Furthermore, we investigate the mechanism through which HSR affects energy productivity, as well as the heterogeneity of the impact across quantiles and distances. The results show that HSR connection contributes to the improvement of energy productivity. This finding is consolidated after a potential endogeneity problem is addressed using the instrumental variable method and a variety of potential confounders are controlled through a series of robustness checks. On average, the marginal impact of HSR on energy productivity is approximately 9%. Moreover, HSR connection cannot be completely substituted by traditional railway and aviation in improving energy productivity. The heterogeneity analysis suggests that the positive energy productivity effect of HSR gradually decreases with an increasing distance to the nearest HSR station. In addition, HSR network accessibility has a significant positive effect on energy productivity, while technological innovation mediates the relationship between HSR development and energy productivity. We propose that to achieve the long-term improvement of energy productivity, policymakers should comprehensively consider both transit-oriented development and ecology-oriented development modes.
Poderes locales y construcción del Estado en el siglo xix (1808-1874)
Authors: Veiga Alonso Xosé Ramón
Published: December 2022

El trabajo repasa algunas de las investigaciones recientes que han tenido como tema central la relación entre poderes locales y el proceso de construcción de la estatalidad en un siglo xix «corto». En general destaca la pérdida de protagonismo que ha sufrido el Estado a favor de una pluralidad de poderes situados en la sociedad. La nueva vinculación se caracteriza por la reciprocidad, la negociación y la importancia de los elementos clientelares. Las relaciones centro-periferia adquieren complejidad, porque al enfrentamiento y la resistencia se une también la cooperación.
An Exploration Study on Hybrid Vegetable Crops in
Kulgam District of Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Sheikh Dr. Bilal Ahmad , Khan Dr. Omar Fayaz , Dar Dr. Imran Mehraj , Wani Iftikhar Bashir , Bhat Mr. Shahzad Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Seed is considered as the most fundamental and important ingredient for longterm
agriculture. All other inputs respond to seed quality to a considerable amount, and
quality seed alone contributes 20 percent to overall yield, depending on the crop and can be
increased to 45 percent with efficient management of other inputs. The Present study is
aimed to evaluate the effects of gender for cultivation of hybrid vegetable crops in Kulgam
district of Jammu and Kashmir. Well structured questionnaire were designed as an
instrument to collect primary data from the respondent, the questionnaire were distributed
to 100 respondents on random basis, all the questionnaires were collected back during
survey but at data entry stage it was found that 8 questionnaires were incomplete and
hence eliminated from the present study, therefore the final sample size of present study is
92 farmer. Hence, the empirical results and findings are discussed in the present work.
CALIDAD EDUCATIVA, CLIMA Y GOBERNABILIDAD DE UN CENTRO DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR. UN ANÁLISIS MULTIDIMENSIONAL DE BASE ETNOGRÁFICA
Authors: Calamet Fernando Acevedo
Published: December 2022

Este texto presenta sucintamente el recorrido de una investigación cuyo propósito axial fue la elaboración de una propuesta de optimización de la praxis organizacional del Centro Regional de Profesores del Norte, una entidad pública de educación superior radicada en la ciudad de Rivera (Uruguay) orientada a la formación inicial de docentes de educación media. La investigación se vertebró en torno a un análisis multidimensional construido sobre la base de la identificación, consideración y ponderación de la multiplicidad de representaciones y opiniones que los diversos actores de ese centro educativo han producido con respecto a su calidad educativa, su clima organizacional y su gobernabilidad. No obstante, el contenido de este texto apunta, más que a exponer en detalle los resultados alcanzados en la investigación, a propiciar la discusión crítica de sus fundamentos epistemológicos, sus principales lineamientos metodológicos y las operaciones y dispositivos tecnológicos aplicados. Así, si el escenario (epistémico y epistemológico) de validez de la investigación resultara validado, entonces su alcance será mucho menos limitado que el que fue establecido en su formulación original, y se estará en condiciones de evaluar la posibilidad de que sus trayectorias metodológicas y sus materializaciones tecnológicas se puedan aplicar, con las debidas ablaciones y rectificaciones, a otros espacios organizacionales de educación superior.
Medikal Turizm Potansiyeline Yönelik Algı Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: KARACA Şükran , ÖZKAN ÖNEM Esra , YILDIZ Muhammed
Published: December 2022

Çalışmanın temel amacı, medikal turizm potansiyeline yönelik beşli likert tipi algı ölçeği geliştirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda geliştirilmesi planlanan ölçek için ilk olarak alanyazın taraması yapılmış sonrasında ise uzman görüşlerine başvurularak 26 ifadeden oluşan bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Yapılan pilot çalışma sonrası son hali ortaya çıkan 22 maddelik ölçek formu Türkiye genelinde uygulanmış ve çevrimiçi anket tekniği ile 416 kişiden veriler elde edilmiştir. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler SPSS ve AMOS programları aracılığıyla analize tabi tutulmuştur. Açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri, güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik analizleri yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda faktör yükleri 0,45’in altında kalan ve çift yükleme yapılan ifadeler çıkarılmış ve 16 ifadeden oluşan üç boyutlu bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin KMO değeri 0,931 olarak hesaplanmış ve ortaya çıkan boyutların toplam varyansın %65,377’sini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Ardından doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılarak uyum indeksi değerlerine bakılmış ve değerlerin iyi uyum sağladıkları belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra geçerliliği test edilen ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi yapılmış ve Cronbach Alfa değeri 0,929 olarak bulunmuştur. Dolayısıyla geliştirilen medikal turizm potansiyeline yönelik algı ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
The 2021 National Census in Poland – addressing the challenges of a digital census
Authors: Kubiczek Jakub , Hadasik Bartłomiej
Published: December 2022

The article aims to present the implementation of the national census carried out in Poland in 2021 as a process, with particular attention devoted to the challenges that national censuses pose for official statistics. The paper also focuses on how the organiser of the census – Statistics Poland – addressed the problems reported during the survey. The significance of the census results as a source of information was also discussed. The research was based on a case study, which allowed an in-depth analysis of the census process. The results of the analysis show that the problems which occurred in the National Population and Housing Census 2021 were similar to those identified in the previous editions of the survey, such as questions relating to sensitive information and the potential ways in which the answers to this type of queries could be further processed. What is more, maintaining the digital (electronic) form of the census (the paper forms were abandoned in favour of the digital form in 2011) and the introduction of the Internet-based self-enumeration as the primary form of the survey, applicable to all its participants, created additional challenges, related to some respondents’ lack of digital skills or limited access to the Internet. Statistics Poland offered a variety of forms of contact with the society and addressed Internet users’ questions on an ongoing basis, mainly through information campaigns, which included using social media, and by directly responding to Facebook users’ comments. The conducted analysis provides a useful insight as to how reliable data could be collected in a census, particularly with the use of the Internet.
Evaluation of the physical and emotional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with fibromyalgia and chronic low back pain: A multicenter cross-sectional controlled study
Authors: Bagcier Fatih
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the physical and emotional effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Patients and methods: The cross-sectional controlled study was performed with 1,360 participants (332 males, 1,028 females; mean age: 42.3±12.5 years; range, 18 to 65 years) between September 2020 and February 2021. The participants were evaluated in three groups: the FMS group (n=465), the CLBP group (n=455), and the healthy control group (n=440). Physical activity, pain levels, and general health status before and during the pandemic were evaluated in all participants. Stress levels were analyzed with the perceived stress scale (PSS) in all groups, and disease activity was analyzed with the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ) in patients with FMS. Results: Patients with FMS had worsened general health status and pain levels during the pandemic compared to the other groups (p<0.01). The FMS group showed significantly higher PSS scores than those in other groups (p<0.01). There was a weak-positive correlation between FIQ and PSS parameters in patients with FMS (p<0.05, r=0.385). Conclusion: The general health status, pain, and stress levels of the patients with FMS and CLBP tended to worsen during the pandemic. This high-stress level appeared to affect disease activity in patients with FMS.
The effect of oral baclofen and botulinum toxin treatments in hemiplegic spasticity on the nociceptive flexor reflex: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Güntürk Ertürk
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) injection treatment in hemiplegic patients with spasticity on the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold. Patients and methods: A total of 29 spastic hemiplegic patients (20 males, 9 females; mean age: 52.9±10.1; range, 27 to 64) with Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) grades 2-4 were included in the prospective, randomized study between May 2018 and March 2019. The patients were divided into two groups: the BT-A group consisted of 15 patients that underwent a BT-A injection and the baclofen group consisted of 14 patients treated with baclofen. Modified Ashworth Scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Barthel daily life activity index, and NFR threshold values were used in the evaluation of the patients before and after the treatment at the sixth week. The motor evaluation of the patients was performed using Brunnstrom motor staging. Results: In both groups, MAS and VAS values decreased significantly compared to pretreatment (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in ankle MAS score (p<0.001) and a significant increase in Brunnstrom hand recovery stages in the BT-A group compared to pretreatment (p=0.020). While the NFR threshold statistically significantly increased in the baclofen group compared to pretreatment (p=0.007), there was no significant change in the BT-A group (p=0.669). Conclusion: These results suggest that BT-A injections do not cause a significant change in the NFR threshold in the treatment of spasticity.
Kinesiophobia and associated factors in patients with traumatic lower extremity amputation
Authors: Örücü Atar Merve
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The study aimed to demonstrate the level of kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic lower limb amputation (LLA) and to investigate the correlation between kinesiophobia and associated factors. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study included 52 male patients (mean age: 37.8±8.7 years; range, 18 to 65 years) with traumatic LLA between March and July 2021. Kinesiophobia level was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Pain intensity and prosthesis satisfaction were evaluated with the Visual Analog Scale. The Falls Efficacy Scale-International was used for the assessment of fear of falling. The Nottingham Health Profile was used to evaluate the quality of life. Results: The percentage of the patients with a high level of kinesiophobia was 40.4%. Kinesiophobia was significantly correlated with residual limp pain intensity (r=0.317, p=0.022), the number of falls (r=0.284, p=0.041), fear of falling (r=0.495, p=0.001), and quality of life (r=0.512, p=0.001). No significant correlations between kinesiophobia and intact limb pain intensity, low back pain intensity, or prosthesis satisfaction were detected. Regression analysis showed that the physical activity subscale score of the Nottingham Health Profile was a statistically significant predictor of high kinesiophobia scores. Conclusion: The findings suggest that limitations in physical activity were independently associated with kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic LLA. Fear and avoidance behaviors, which may limit physical activity, should be considered in the evaluation of individuals with LLA.
A multi-center, double-blind, randomized parallel-group Phase IV study comparing the efficacy and safety of thiocolchicoside ointment versus placebo in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain and an acute muscle spasm
Authors: Ketenci Ayşegül
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of thiocolchicoside (TCC) ointment treatment compared to placebo in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain (LBP) accompanied by acute muscle spasms. Patients and methods: A total of 292 adult patients (106 males, 186 females; mean age: 38.5±11.2 years; range, 18 to 64 years) were randomized to TCC group (n=147) and placebo group (n=145) in 12 centers between March 2020 and March 2021. Eight patients from each group were excluded from the analysis. The primary endpoint was pressure pain threshold (PPT) on Day 3, which was measured using a pressure algometer. Secondary endpoints were PPT on Day 7, patient, and physician Visual Analog Scales-pain (VAS-pain) on Days 3 and 7, and safety. Results: The PPT values on Day 3 was not significantly different between the treatment groups (p=0.701). Similarly, TCC and placebo group had similar VAS-pain scores over trial period (p=0.577 or higher for comparisons). Significantly higher PPT values and lower VAS-pain scores on Days 3 and 7 were observed in both groups (p<0.001 for all). In patients with a PPT value of ≥3.87, TCC arm had higher PPT on Day 3 compared to placebo (p=0.029). Three patients (two in the TCC arm and one in the placebo arm) discontinued the trial due to an adverse event. Conclusion: Topical TCC can be an appropriate option in a subset of patients with mild chronic LBP accompanied by muscle spasms. In a subset of patients with milder pain intensity, topical TCC may improve pain earlier. The results of this trial are compatible with the treatment approaches used in daily practice.