bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food security and sustainable urban planning for resilient and healthy cities: a multiple case study
Authors: Sotto Debora , Philippi Jr. Arlindo
Published: May 2024

Abstract Food security strategies are essential for cities to respond to stresses and shocks while promoting urban health and quality of life. In Brazil, twenty-seven million city dwellers face severe food insecurity. Urban planning, local climate action and food security promotion are within Brazilian cities’ legal scope of action, providing opportunities to strengthen urban resilience. In this context, the proposed investigation aimed to verify if and how Brazilian cities coordinate these public policies to promote urban resilience and what accomplishments stem from this coordination. The investigation developed as a multiple case study covering ten Brazilian cities. It comprised the qualitative analysis of public policy documents using NVivo for data treatment, quantification, and categorisation. The results showed a wide variety in the breadth and depth of policy measures, indicating diverse maturity levels and implementation and pointing out opportunities for future investigation and policy improvements.
Maslow and the Environment: Integrating the Social Representation and the Theory of Needs
Authors: Pimentel Anna Karolina Osório , Farias Luciana Aparecida , Nakayama Cristina Rossi , Leite Claudio Benedito Baptista , Duarte Carla Grigoletto , Leite Luiz Omir de Cerqueira
Published: May 2024

Abstract In his Theory of Needs, Maslow argues that in the self- actualization stage the individual would have more developed B- values, which would involve, among other characteristics, the tendency to be mostly dedicated to causes of collective interest to the detriment of individual interests. It would also be in the self- actualization stage that the environment would have an intrinsic value, an important aspect if we consider the need for developing solutions to socio-environmental problems. Would the Social Representation of the environment have a relationship with the different stages of needs proposed by Maslow in his theory? Could the self-actualization stage reveal an individual with a globalizing representation of the environment? To answer these questions, an study was conducted with 134 participants adapting and using the Environmental Motivation Profile Test instrument and the results showed a significant correlation between the stage of self- actualization and a globalizing representation of the Environment.
A Institucionalidade da Justiça Ambiental em Projeto de REDD+ Offset
Authors: Sessin-Dilascio Karla , Rossi Charles Borges , Sinisgalli Paulo Antônio de Almeida
Published: May 2024

Resumo Este artigo apresenta a análise institucional comparada na implementação do padrão Clima, Comunidade e Biodiversidade, da Verra, para um Projeto de REDD+ offset na Amazônia brasileira e os resultados derivados da justiça ambiental (JA). A partir do Institutional Analysis and Development Framework, o artigo identifica interação entre arenas e regras formais e informais nos resultados da JA seguindo o estudo de caso de um Projeto de REDD+ offset. O artigo aponta para a importância da arena operacional e do trabalho institucional dos atores locais nos resultados dos Projetos de REDD+ offset quanto aos aspectos da JA.
Definição de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade Aplicáveis a Unidades Educacionais
Authors: Souza Barbara Silva e , Souza Ricardo Gabbay de , Ferreira Arthur Bispo , Fiore Fabiana Alves
Published: May 2024

Resumo A educação é uma das principais ferramentas para conduzir ao desenvolvimento sustentável e, para tal, o ambiente escolar deve se tornar referência capaz de influenciar a comunidade. No Brasil, a educação ambiental é prevista para ocorrer em todos os níveis do ensino, mas as unidades educacionais não são avaliadas quanto à efetividade das ações sustentáveis que conduzem. O presente trabalho objetivou a proposição de indicadores de sustentabilidade aplicáveis a unidades educacionais no território brasileiro. A pesquisa quanti-qualitativa foi desenvolvida a partir de adaptação de ferramentas de sustentabilidade consolidadas, duplamente validada por Survey com especialistas em sustentabilidade e educação. O modelo resultante foi estruturado a partir de três eixos: gestão, estrutura física e educação para a sustentabilidade e possui indicadores em categorias e subcategorias (níveis 1 e 2). O modelo pode subsidiar a elaboração de instrumento de certificação ambiental e garantir a qualidade da educação para a sustentabilidade no ensino formal.
Síndrome de burnout em residentes de ginecologia e obstetrícia de uma maternidade-escola
Authors: Nascimento Ricardo , Jesus Karina Aléssio de , Garcia Olga Regina Zigelli
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Introdução: Os médicos residentes constituem um grupo de risco para distúrbios emocionais e comportamentais, e isso pode levar à síndrome de burnout e interferir negativamente no atendimento prestado. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar os estressores vivenciados por residentes de ginecologia e obstetrícia (GO) de uma maternidade-escola do Sul do Brasil e estimar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre eles. Método: Realizou-se a coleta de dados de agosto a dezembro de 2020 com 21 residentes. A coleta compreendeu duas etapas: na primeira, fez-se uma entrevista semiestruturada, por meio de um roteiro-guia, visando identificar os estressores vivenciados pelos residentes em GO. Na sequência, os participantes receberam um questionário autoaplicável que teve por objetivo medir o nível de burnout pautado no Maslach Burnout Inventory. Para análise dos dados qualitativos, adotou-se a metodologia discurso do sujeito coletivo. Para análise dos dados quantitativos, foi utilizada a descrição analítica dos dados. Resultado: Entre os estressores vivenciados pelos residentes, destacam-se: falta de acolhimento pela equipe multiprofissional ao ingressarem na residência; excessiva carga horária de trabalho; poucas horas de sono; o desafio de se tornarem responsáveis pelo próprio aprendizado; as várias abordagens terapêuticas por preceptores diferentes para um mesmo problema; sensação de insuficiência de conteúdo teórico durante a residência; culpa por não estudarem o quanto acreditam que deveriam; diminuição do tempo destinado ao lazer e à atividade física; alto nível de estresse; abalo emocional que a grande responsabilidade assumida acarreta; e falta de apoio psicológico. Dos 21 médicos residentes, a síndrome de burnout esteve presente em 57,1% dos participantes. Exaustão emocional foi a mais frequente dimensão (52,7%), seguida por despersonalização (33,3%) e baixa realização profissional (9,5%). Conclusão: Os estressores relatados apontam para necessidade de revisão da residência a fim de que consequências nefastas à saúde mental de residentes, como a síndrome de burnout e suas consequências, sejam prevenidas, diminuídas ou sanadas, de modo a evitar danos tanto para os residentes como para os pacientes por eles atendidos e para instituição de saúde. São propostas medidas profiláticas na busca de melhorias na qualidade de vida, na qualidade do atendimento e, talvez no aspecto mais importante: a mudança de foco, da residência centrada no serviço para a residência centrada no aprendiz.
Análise da tuberculose e hanseníase nos projetos pedagógicos das faculdades de Medicina e a relação espacial dos casos
Authors: Vitiritti Bruno , Baruffi Pedro Paulo , Xavier Paula Brustolin
Published: May 2024

Resumo Introdução: A educação médica é essencial para formar profissionais de saúde. No Brasil, houve avanços na formação médica, com foco no Sistema Único de Saúde e na atenção primária. A inclusão da tuberculose e da hanseníase no currículo médico é crucial devido ao impacto dessas doenças na saúde pública. As faculdades de Medicina deveriam garantir que os estudantes aprendessem sobre essas doenças para melhorar os resultados de saúde no país. Objetivo: Este trabalho buscou analisar como estão incluídos os temas de hanseníase e tuberculose nos projetos pedagógicos do curso (PPC) de Medicina nas instituições de ensino superior da Região Sul do Brasil. Método: Foi realizado um estudo documental e exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa. Os projetos pedagógicos foram coletados entre janeiro e agosto de 2023. A análise dos PPC se concentrou em identificar as palavras-chave “hanseníase” e “tuberculose”, e avaliar como essas doenças eram abordadas nos documentos, tanto no contexto teórico quanto nas intenções de ensino prático. As unidades de conteúdo foram identificadas e agrupadas em duas categorias principais: aprendizado teórico e aprendizado clínico-prático. Resultado: Os resultados indicaram que as referências à tuberculose eram mais frequentes do que à hanseníase nos PPC analisados. Foi observado que a maioria das instituições prioriza o ensino dessas doenças nos primeiros anos do curso de Medicina, com pouca ênfase na fase de internato médico. Além disso, a análise revelou que o ensino dessas doenças tende a ser mais teórico, com poucas referências à prática clínica. Também foi realizada uma distribuição espacial da hanseníase em Santa Catarina e feita sua correlação entre a presença de cursos de Medicina em certos municípios e o número de casos de hanseníase diagnosticados nesses locais. Conclusão: O estudo destaca a importância de revisar e aprimorar os PPC dos cursos de Medicina em Santa Catarina, a fim de melhorar o ensino de doenças negligenciadas. Isso inclui a incorporação de abordagens práticas e a consideração da relevância epidemiológica dessas doenças. O estudo também destaca a necessidade de repensar a forma como esses temas são ensinados e como os estudantes de Medicina podem desempenhar um papel ativo na detecção e no manejo dessas doenças na comunidade.
INTERDISCURSIVIDADE, METÁFORA E POLARIZAÇÃO: COMO A POPULAÇÃO EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA É REPRESENTADA NOS EDITORIAIS DA FOLHA DE S. PAULO
Authors: MENDONÇA Daniele Gruppi de , RESENDE Viviane de Melo
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a representação discursiva da população em situação de rua nos editoriais da Folha de S. Paulo entre 2011 e 2020, tendo como aporte teórico os Estudos Críticos do Discurso (ECD) e a análise de metáfora. Editoriais são textos que caracterizam o posicionamento de um jornal, principalmente em momentos marcantes e de tensão para a sociedade, por isso, são um importante objeto de investigação. O corpus deste artigo, parte de trabalho de investigação mais amplo, é composto por oito textos publicados ao longo de uma década. A análise considera as seguintes estratégias e categorias: quadrado ideológico (Van Dijk, 2015, 2017), interdiscursividade (Fairclough, 2001, 2003) e a análise de metáfora (Charteris-Black, 2004). As análises apontam que os editoriais constroem representações negativas da população em situação de rua favorecendo o deslocamento forçado do grupo, negam seus direitos e disseminam discursos que contribuem para a exclusão e naturalização da desigualdade social.
Characterization of linguistic development of children affected by congenital Zika virus syndrome as compared to typically developing peers
Authors: Cunha Divany Guedes Pereira da , Vasconcelos Manuela Leitão de , Delgado Isabelle Cahino , Rosa Marine Raquel Diniz da , Almeida Larissa Nadjara Alves , Andrade Suellen Mary Marinho dos Santos , Alves Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the development, focusing on language, of children affected by congenital Zika syndrome and compare it with that of typically developing children. Methods: a quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, case-control study. Data from the group of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome (case) were matched for sex and age with data from the group of typically developing children without comorbidities (control). The research included 20 parents/guardians of the children in the case group and 20 parents/guardians of the children in the control group, using interview as an adapted instrument. The data underwent descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, through association tests and comparison of means, with the significance level set at 5%. Results: there was a statistical difference in motor, auditory, and language development between the groups, according to the parents' perception. Conclusion: Based on the caregivers’ reports, most of the case group communicated non-verbally through babbling, shouting, and eye contact, whereas the minority communicated through dialogue, understood simple orders, and performed imitative behaviors, symbolic play, and shared attention. On the other hand, the control group communicated through complex sentences constructed into narratives.
Caracterização do desenvolvimento infantil e linguístico de crianças acometidas da Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus comparadas com crianças de desenvolvimento típico
Authors: Cunha Divany Guedes Pereira da , Vasconcelos Manuela Leitão de , Delgado Isabelle Cahino , Rosa Marine Raquel Diniz da , Almeida Larissa Nadjara Alves , Andrade Suellen Mary Marinho dos Santos , Alves Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o desenvolvimento infantil, com enfoque na linguagem, de crianças acometidas da síndrome congênita do Zika e compará-lo com o de crianças com desenvolvimento típico. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, do tipo caso-controle, e de natureza quantitativa. Os dados do grupo de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika vírus (caso) foram pareados por sexo e idade com os dados do grupo de crianças sem comorbidades e desenvolvimento típico (controle). Participaram da pesquisa, 20 responsáveis pelas crianças do grupo caso e 20 pelas crianças do grupo controle e o instrumento utilizado foi uma entrevista adaptada. Os dados foram examinados por meio de uma análise estatística descritiva e inferencial por meio de testes de associação e de comparação de médias, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos estudados, referente ao desenvolvimento infantil, no âmbito motor, auditivo e de linguagem, com base na percepção dos pais. Conclusão: diante das informações dos cuidadores, a comunicação da maioria do grupo caso ocorre de forma não verbal por meio de gorjeios, gritos e contato visual; e a minoria comunica-se por diálogo, compreende ordens simples, realiza condutas imitativas, brincar simbólico e tem atenção compartilhada. Diferentemente, o grupo controle comunica-se por meio de frases complexas presentes em narrativas.
ENCONTROS DE VOZES AFRICANAS, AFRO-BRASILEIRAS E AFRO-COLOMBIANAS PELA ARTE DE NARRAR
Authors: Souza Josiley Francisco de
Published: May 2024

A arte de contar histórias por intermédio da linguagem oral sempre fez parte da vida humana e, por muito tempo, foi uma atividade essencial de muitos grupos humanos para garantir a manutenção de memórias e saberes transmitidos no tecido das narrativas. Já há algum tempo, a transmissão de saberes e memórias ganhou novas formas, linguagens, instrumentos e recursos. Mesmo com inúmeros avanços nas formas de comunicação ao longo da história humana, a linguagem oral mantém sua importância fundamental na construção de conhecimentos e nas práticas sociais cotidianas de interação, e o trabalho com a oralidade e com a arte de contar histórias na escola pode contribuir também para a visibilização de culturas, memórias e vozes muitas vezes silenciadas, oprimidas e mantidas à margem da cultura grafocêntrica. Observa-se que as narrativas orais configuram uma arte sempre movente, inscrita em intensos trânsitos de histórias por tempos e lugares diversos. Em territórios latino-americanos, essa arte revela um intrincado entrecruzamento de expressões culturais em que podemos descobrir a forte presença de vozes afrodescendentes. Um exemplo são as histórias em que um animal pequeno, geralmente representado pelo coelho, supera animais maiores e fisicamente mais fortes em disputas e conflitos, sempre no uso da astúcia e da sabedoria. Essas histórias estão muito presentes nas tradições orais de Brasil e Colômbia, países de maior população negra na América Latina e que possuem em seu patrimônio cultural variadas contribuições negro-africanas.
Single-Cell Transcriptional Signatures of Glomerular Disease in Transgenic Mice with APOL1 Variants
Authors: Yoshida Teruhiko , Latt Khun Zaw , Santo Briana A. , Shrivastav Shashi , Zhao Yongmei , Fenaroli Paride , Chung Joon-Yong , Hewitt Stephen M. , Tutino Vincent M. , Sarder Pinaki , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Winkler Cheryl A. , Kopp Jeffrey B.
Published: May 2024

Key Points

Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1)-G1 induced kidney disease in the two APOL1 transgenic mouse models, HIV-associated nephropathy and IFN-γ administration.

Glomerular single-nuclear RNA-sequencing identified genes differentially expressed among mice with APOL1-G1 and G0 variants at single-cell resolution.

Background

Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) high-risk variants contribute to kidney disease among individuals with African ancestry. We sought to describe cell-specific APOL1 variant–induced pathways using two mouse models.

Methods

We characterized bacterial artificial chromosome/APOL1 transgenic mice crossed with HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) Tg26 mice and bacterial artificial chromosome/APOL1 transgenic mice given IFN-γ.

Results

Both mouse models showed more severe glomerular disease in APOL1-G1 compared with APOL1-G0 mice. Synergistic podocyte-damaging pathways activated by APOL1-G1 and by the HIV transgene were identified by glomerular bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of HIVAN model. Single-nuclear RNA-seq revealed podocyte-specific patterns of differentially expressed genes as a function of APOL1 alleles. Shared activated pathways, for example, mammalian target of rapamycin, and differentially expressed genes, for example, Ccn2, in podocytes in both models suggest novel markers of APOL1-associated kidney disease. HIVAN mouse-model podocyte single-nuclear RNA-seq data showed similarity to human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis glomerular RNA-seq data. Differential effects of the APOL1-G1 variant on the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 pathway highlighted differences between the two models.

Conclusions

These findings in two mouse models demonstrated both shared and distinct cell type–specific transcriptomic signatures induced by APOL1 variants. These findings suggest novel therapeutic opportunities for APOL1 glomerulopathies.
Complement Terminal Pathway Activation and Intrarenal Immune Response in C3 Glomerulopathy
Authors: Meuleman Marie-Sophie , Petitprez Florent , Pickering Matthew C. , Le Quintrec Moglie , Artero Mikel Rezola , Duval Anna , Rabant Marion , Gilmore Alyssa , Boyer Olivia , Hogan Julien , Servais Aude , Provot François , Gnemmi Vivianne , Eloudzeri Maeva , Grunenwald Anne , Buob David , Boffa Jean-Jacques , Moktefi Anissa , Audard Vincent , Goujon Jean-Michel , Bridoux Frank , Thervet Eric , Karras Alexandre , Roumenina Lubka T. , Frémeaux Bacchi Véronique , Duong Van Huyen Jean-Paul , Chauvet Sophie
Published: May 2024

Key Points

We evidenced terminal pathway activation (C5b-9 deposits) in most of the glomeruli on kidney biopsy of C3 glomerulopathy.

The amount of C5b-9 deposits correlated with disease prognosis in C3 glomerulopathy.

Increased terminal pathway activation was found predominantly in a subgroup exhibiting an immuno-fibroblastic signature.

Background

C3 glomerulopathy is a rare disease resulting from an overactivation of the complement alternative pathway. Although there is also evidence of terminal pathway activation, its occurrence and consequences on the disease have been poorly studied.

Methods

We retrospectively studied a cohort of 42 patients diagnosed with C3 glomerulopathy. We performed centralized extensive characterization of histological parameters. Kidney C5b-9 staining was performed as a marker of terminal pathway activation; intrarenal immune response was characterized through transcriptomic analysis.

Results

Eighty-eight percent of biopsies showed C5b-9 deposits in glomeruli. Biopsies were grouped according to the amount of C5b-9 deposits (no or low n=15/42, 36%; intermediate n=15/42, 36%; and high n=12/42, 28%). Patients with high C5b-9 deposits significantly differed from the two other groups of patients and were characterized by a significant higher histological chronicity score (P = 0.005) and lower outcome-free survival (P = 0.001). In multivariable analysis, higher glomerular C5b-9 remained associated with poor kidney prognosis after adjustment. One third of the 847 studied immune genes were upregulated in C3 glomerulopathy biopsies compared with controls. Unsupervised clustering on differentially expressed genes identified a group of kidney biopsies enriched in high glomerular C5b-9 with high immune and fibroblastic signature and showed high chronicity scores on histological examination.

Conclusions

In a cohort of patients with C3 glomerulopathy, intrarenal terminal pathway activation was associated with specific histological phenotype and disease prognosis.
(European) Multilevel Constitutionalism to Govern Transnational Public Goods? A Reply to Petersmann
Authors: Mazzotti Paolo
Published: May 2024

In the Article hereby commented, Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann further elaborates on his will-known thesis on the constitutionalisation of UN law and WTO law. Petersmann argues, first, that the EU provides a successful example in the governance of transnational public goods; secondly, that such success story is essentially due to the EU’s basic institutional arrangements, characterised as ‘mulitilevel constitutionalism’. Petersmann thus submits that die EU’s multilevel constitutionalism provides a viable template for the international community at large, and that the UN and die WTO should further proceed down the path of ‘hard’ constitutionalisation following the EU’s example. This Reply takes issue with the second of the Article’s assumptions. It thus argues that the notion of multilevel constitutionalism does not provide a descriptively accurate account of the structure of the European legal space. Rather, it is submitted, the literature on constitutional pluralism captures more adequately the reality of competing claims to final authority in structuring the relationship between national and supranational legal system in the context of the EU. Against this background, Petersmann’s claim the the ‘European model’ ought to be transposed to the globel stage can be nuanced. Rather than aiming at enforcing normative hierarchies through effective dispute resolution mechanisms, the ‘constitional’ value of (quasi-)universal fora such as the UN and the WTO can thus lie in the potential to provide a common ‘grammar’ to discursively structure the dialogue between competing normative views on globel affairs along lines of mutual intelligibility.
Development of the Concept of a Normative Legal Act in the Practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
Authors: Petrov Aleksei
Published: May 2024

The Constitution of the Russian Federation proceeds from the fact that the main activity of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation is judicial constitutional normative control, i.e. verification of the constitutionality of normative legal acts. In this regard, the question of the content of the concept of «normative legal act» in the framework of constitutional justice is of particular importance. The article notes that this issue was especially actively studied by the Constitutional Court at the first stage of its history (before the current Constitution came into force). The prerequisite for this was the general disorder of law-making activities in the country, together with the novelty of the institution of constitutional justice itself. At the same time, the Constitutional Court further continued the development of ideas about a normative legal act as the main object of constitutional control.
On Tangible and Intangible Objects of Civil Circulation
Authors: Vinichenko Yulia
Published: May 2024

Depending on the form (external expression) of existence, all objects of civil circulation are classified on tangible objects that exist regardless of human consciousness in a form capable of sensory perception) and intangible (objects that exist only at the level of ideal representations in a form that is not capable of sensory perception), with the separation within the group of tangible objects of materialized and non-materialized, including digital. Intangible objects of circulation are defined only as subjective property rights, existing not just within the legal regime prescribed for them, but by force of the legislator’s recognition of certain capabilities of individuals by subjective law of a certain type (as proprietary, exclusive, digital law) or establishing certain capabilities and duties of persons as subjective rights and obligations by the will of subjects (obligations, corporate rights and duties). This classification is important with regard to the issue of the civil circulation functioning.
Mathematical Modeling in Development and Improvement of Methodological Basics of Criminology
Authors: Sudakova Tatiana
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the application of mathematical methods in criminological research and the applicable significance of these processes, which is, in general, developed scientific problems, requiring reassessment in modern conditions of development of mathematical modeling theory and information technologies, the technologization of science and the state of criminological theory. The scientific approaches announced today on the use of mathematics as the language of social sciences and their basic methodology need to be analyzed. Criminometrics is assessed ambiguously, the integrated industry has not received significant development and testing of findings directly in the criminological context. Certain studies on the measurement of crime dynamics, the degree of interaction of criminologically significant processes represent to a greater extent the application of mathematical modelling methods. Other methods of econometrics in solving private or group scientific problems are not used in practical crime prevention. The measurement of the level of statistically significant relationships having criminological significance is carried out mainly by area specialists in the sphere of econometric and mathematical knowledge application that is logical from the methodology viewpoint, since the system analyst able to apply an econometric approach is the presence of specific training. There are no interdisciplinary studies using the integrative criminological and mathematical potential of these sciences.
On the Issue of the Composition of the Commission for Holding a Competition for the
Position of Head of the Local Administration
Authors: Shastina Angelica
Published: May 2024

In conditions when local self-government is experiencing a constant shortage of qualified personnel in the management system, the professionalism and competence of the head of the local administration becomes decisive for ensuring the effective resolution of issues of local importance. As a municipal employee, the head of the local administration for filling the position is a competition, during which his professional knowledge and skills are assessed, therefore, the composition of the competition commission is important, capable of qualitatively and objectively evaluating candidates for the post of head of local administration. Based on the analysis of municipal legal acts, the authors concluded that there is no unified approach to the legal regulation of the formation of a competition commission, in terms of establishing requirements for persons who are members of it. It was concluded that a number of municipal legal acts, which contain requirements to members of the competition commission, goals and objectives of the competition, were not compatible. Appropriate proposals have been made to improve the legal norms governing the procedure for organizing and holding a competition for the post of head of local administration.
Transfer of Things and Its Types: On the Issue of Transferring Surrogates
Authors: Titov Evgeniy
Published: May 2024

Defining the transfer of a thing and its types currently causes significant difficulties – there is no unanimity of opinion among lawyers regarding the concept of transfer of a thing and methods of transfer, in particular, whether the list of transfer methods provided by law is exhaustive. The author stands his ground that the norm providing for the ways of transferring things is dispositive. The author concludes that the separation of types of transfer into “real” (genuine) transfer and “surrogates” of transfer does not accurately reflect the essence of this institution, since both the first and second are transfers and lead to the same effect. It is concluded that the fulfillment of the obligation to transfer the thing by the debtor does not mean the transfer of the thing itself — such an obligation can be considered fulfilled even in the absence of transfer.
Compensation of Moral Damage in Property Crimes
Authors: Mazyuk Roman
Published: May 2024

For a long time, the practice of criminal proceedings was based on the approach in which the moral damage in property crimes was not recognized by the bodies of preliminary investigation as a reason for civil law claims to compensate such damage as resulting from the crime. The conducted analysis of the opinions of different scholars showed that the overwhelming majority of proceduralists support the possibility of compensating moral damage in property crimes. The author pays special attention to a criminal case of fraud with intentional breach of contract in the sphere of entrepreneurship, where the bodies of preliminary investigation refuse to recognize the founder of the company that suffered property damage as the victim, and where the rights of the injured organization are represented by a bankruptcy trustee supervising the bankruptcy of the company. Using the decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on this problem, and the decrees of the Plenary Session of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the author concludes that the procedural interest of the founder of the organization liquidated during criminal proceedings, and acting as the injured organization in the criminal case, consist in obtaining an independent procedural status of a victim, which gives this person an opportunity to actively participate in criminal prosecution, directly protect the rights and lawful interests or the injured organization alongside the bankruptcy trustee, and bring a civil action for the compensation of moral damage caused by the crime.
Empirical Testing of the Hypothesis on the Structure of the Function of Private Savings in Russia
Authors: Rudyakov Vasilii
Published: May 2024

The article deals with a topical issue of the discrepancies between savings and real investments in national economy. In the majority of theoretical models of contemporary neoclassical approach such nonequilibrium phenomena are of a purely temporary nature and a short term. However, the author having studied the data of twenty leading economies of the world shows that this discrepancy within the frameworks of capital formation is a rule for a long term but not an exception. The article presents the key findings of saving processes analysis in the Russian economy from 2000 to 2020 years based on the data of national statistics and the Bank of Russia. For research purposes the author introduces analytical categories — savings hoards, propensity to savings hoards and propensity to hoard. These very categories are put in the basis of the hypothesis on private national savings structure. Using post-Keynesian methodology and as a result of empirical analysis the author proves all the parts of the proposed hypothesis — gross private savings have sustained dependence from derived income; a part of savings is hoarded from consideration of “liquidity preference” and the share of such savings functionally depends on fluctuations in economic uncertainty (but not from economy’s absolute value); for Russian Federal subjects precautionary motive prevails over profit motive when allocating the savings base.
University Technological Entrepreneurship Platform as an Innovative Tool for Regional Economy Development in the Context of Russia’s Sovereignization
Authors: Savchenko Evgeny
Published: May 2024

The formation of a regional strategy for the development of the economy is an important state task, which not only leads to an increase in the living standards of the population, but also contributes to its involvement, especially the younger generation in solving problems and removing restrictions on the progressive development of this process.
The article studies a set of issues that characterize the directions of solving the problems of reducing dependence on external markets and development of the domestic economy, emerging problems that require solutions of regional authorities and the tools used to stimulate the introduction of innovative solutions. It has been established that university technological business platforms are becoming an effective innovative tool for economic development on the regional platform.
Various approaches to the development of university technological business platforms, including organizational structure, funding mechanisms, technology commercialization and coordination between participants, were considered. A critical analysis of existing approaches to the formation, development of university technological business platforms was carried out and their strengths and limitations were highlighted. The experience of RZD OJSC on the implementation of the project «Platform of University Technological Entrepreneurship» with the participation of the Krasnoyarsk Institute of Railway Transport, within which start-up projects were developed, 70% of which are directly technologically related to the railway industry.
The study confirmed the relevance of university technological business platforms in the development of the regional economy, indicated the need to improve the organizational aspects and mechanisms for the functioning of such platforms.
The basic directions on improvement of stimulation of technological entrepreneurship and development of start-ups for breakthrough technological development of large companies that influence socio-economic development of the region are offered.
On the Issue of Remuneration of Employees of State Institutions
Authors: Balashova Nadezhda , Konovalova Darya
Published: May 2024

The issues of remuneration of employees of state institutions are becoming relevant in the light of recent changes in the regulation of remuneration of public sector employees, as well as the situation that has developed in the labor market, when there is a shortage of teachers and medical workers, despite the fact that universities in the region annually produce specialists in these areas. This situation develops due to the fact that graduates are not employed in their specialty. The main reason for choosing other jobs is low wages in budget organizations.
The article provides information on the main issues of remuneration of employees of state organizations. The authors present the calculations of wages of employees in budgetary organizations. A comparison of the salary structure of a teacher and an employee of a commercial organization is carried out. The article considers the stimulation of personnel by increasing incentive payments, which affect the increase in labor productivity. The authors have proposed recommendations for the introduction of incentive payments. The creation of the proposed conditions will directly entail an increase in the number of highly qualified personnel in the labor market.
Digital Transformation of Construction Production Management
Authors: Khitrova Tatyana , Khitrova Elena , Kolomeets Margarita
Published: May 2024

The study explored the issues of improving the construction management system as a key sector of the Russian economy based on the use of IT technologies. Being a driver of growth, construction does not provide the maximum effect due to the specifics of the existing relationships between the participants in the process. The authors investigated the set of factors influencing the efficiency of the functioning of a construction organization and determined by the structure of the life cycle of construction production.
As a result of the analysis, the main risk factors of construction projects were established — the multiplicity of interested parties, the urgency of construction contracts, the multiplicity of regulations and laws, the complexity of contractual structures that contribute to the emergence of production and, as a consequence, financial risks. The study determined the components of the problem field generated by them and their hierarchical interdependence as a result of the manifestation of the pattern of systems integrity.
It has been established that most of the problems that arise at various stages of project implementation are in one way or another related to the ineffective use of digital technologies. The analysis allows us to determine the possibilities of solving problems that arise at various stages and in different conditions of the implementation of a construction project using blockchain technologies and tokenization.
An analysis of existing solutions allows us to conclude that the innovative potential of interaction between blockchain technologies and an object-oriented model of a construction project or, what is especially significant, a complex of construction projects — BIM technologies is insufficiently used.
The introduction of an integrated approach will allow not only to easily and quickly create and track contracts, agreements and financial transactions, ensuring transparency of their implementation, but also the possibility of predictive maintenance of assets, proactive control of third parties and on-line cooperation between all IPD participants, thus realizing a comprehensive approach to automating project management processes.
mediating role of viral communication in the effect of political marketing on political consent: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Çakırkaya Murat , Koçyiğit Murat
Published: May 2024

Political communication is one of the important areas affected by technological developments today. As a matter of fact, it is observed that political parties commonly use viral marketing, a type of word-of-mouth marketing, in their campaigns conducted within the scope of political marketing. This study aims to investigate the impact of political marketing on both viral communication and political consent. Additionally, it seeks to analyze the relationship between viral communication and political consent to determine if there is a noteworthy influence. Generation Z constitutes the universe of the research in this study. In the context of this study, an examination of the data gathered from 511 participants through online research was undertaken to explore and analyze the interconnections between various variables. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed, utilizing statistical package programs for data analysis. The findings revealed that there was no statistically significant impact of political marketing on both viral communication and political consent. Conversely, it was established that there exists a statistically significant and extremely strong influence of viral communication on political consent. Based on these results, it can be said that viral communication activities can make a significant contribution to the implementation of marketing strategies.
While the Child Sleeps: the Repertoire of "Non-maternal" Practices of Russian Mothers
Authors: Shvetsova Anastasia , Simonova Irina
Published: May 2024

The article is part of a research project dedicated to modern maternal practices in the focus of women’s professional and personal self-realization. As a methodological basis for studying these previously unidentified aspects of the life of women on parental leave, the authors propose the concept of “non-maternal” practices of mothers, understanding it as stable types of a woman’s activities which she implements in a wide range of areas of public life, which are determined by the complex situation of caring for young children and the corresponding changes in her chronotope, communicative positions and economic situation, but are not directly related to caring for her child. Based on the materials of a comprehensive study (a study of young mothers’ accounts in social networks, N=720; 22 motherhood forums; an online survey, N=471; a series of in-depth interviews N=20), the empirical potential of the proposed concept was demonstrated. The repertoire of “non-maternal” practices has also been defined and systematized, and their typology is presented. In particular, the following grounds for the classification of “non-maternity” practices are identified: implementation format (offline, online, mixed), motivation (self-realization, earnings, combating the monotony of maternity days, communication, relieving psychological stress), effect (constructive, destructive, without a pronounced effect ), economic status (neutral, subsidized, investment, spontaneous earnings, regular income, commercial income), professional dynamics (practices corresponding to the main profession or pre-maternity employment; temporary practices that developed during maternity leave; transitive practices leading to a change in professional trajectory), field of activity (education, support for mothers, creativity and the arts, volunteering and social activism, beauty industry, crafts, crop production, sports, real estate, tourism, self-development, computer technology). The proposed optics allow a comprehensive approach to the study of mother’s mechanisms of adaptation, and an analysis of the multi-layered and eclectic nature of normative and factual aspects in the restructuring of their social statuses. The practical meaning of their application lies in the possibility of turning the system of social support for motherhood from subsidized (support for motherhood = social payments) to resource (support for motherhood = reformatting the social environment, taking into account women’s right to subjectivity).
Socialization and Choice of Life Strategies by "Second Generation" Migrants in Russia
Authors: Demintseva Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the integration and the educational strategies chosen by the “second generation” of migrants in Russia. It draws on the results of a study conducted in 2022 among youth from 18 to 35 years old who were born in the families of labor migrants from Central Asia and the Caucasus or who moved to Russia at an early age. I analyze who may be called the “second generation” in Russia today, what characteristics are common for this group, and whether it is possible to apply this concept to all young people from a migrant environment in Russia. It can be inferred that successful socialization of the “second generation” of migrants in school depends on the personal characteristics of teachers and the social capital accumulated over the years by the children themselves. Their educational strategy after school tends to be determined together with their family. Opportunities for further education depend on the material status of the family and their social position in Russian society. While the family has great influence on the choices made by a young man or woman and may constrain them, it also facilitates their social and economic integration into Russian society.
The State and the Class in Qajar Iran, 1794-1925
Authors: Sharifpour Sara , Noori Hadi , Reza Gholami Mohammad
Published: May 2024

The form of the relationship between the state and social class throughout the history of Iran has always been explained by theories of the ‘Asiatic mode of production’ and ‘Oriental Despotism’. According to these theories, the power of the state is unlimited and it has all classes under its control. Meanwhile, many historical data of the Qajar era question this point of view and represent a situation in which various social forces limit the power of the state. The present article was written in response to the conflict between the theory of the ‘Asian state’ and the historical reality of the Qajar era. The main question of the article is: was the Qajar state limited by the social classes or did it have absolute and supra-class power? In answer to this question, the state classifications of Elman Service, Andrew Vincent, Max Weber, Karl Marx and Samuel Huntington are used. The research method is a historical case study that collects and analyzes data using two documentary methods and pattern matching. The results of the research show that the pattern of “balance, opposition and limitation” is established in the relationship between the state and the social classes of the Qajar era. This pattern can be described according to the classification of states based on the criterion of “accumulation and distribution of power”. It is split into three periods. The first period is characterized as a “patriarchal” state, the second — as a “patrimonial” state, and the third — as a “constitutional” state. The state in the first and second Qajar periods was associated with a low accumulation of power and centralized power distribution, and in the third period, that of post-constitutionality, it took the form of a low accumulation of power and scattered power distribution.
Cathectic Mechanisms of Culture. Part 2
Authors: Dmitry Kurakin
Published: May 2024

The article introduces a new research program that focuses on the constitutive role of emotions, affect, and their intensity in meaning-making. It opposes the existing broad tradition that effectively posits culture as information, sees cultural processes as coding, transferring, and processing information, and treats emotions as a ‘fuel’ feeding these processes in social life. I build this program around the re-interpretation of the concept of ‘cathexis,’ defined as a basic feature of meaning-making that consists in attaching emotions produced in social interactions to various kinds of objects of that meaning-making: things, ideas, representations, symbols, bodies, and their parts; spatial (e.g., pieces of land) and temporal (e.g., events) phenomena. Drawing on the analysis presented in the first part of this article, in this part, I introduce two basic modes of cathectic mechanisms of culture (piety and transgression) and outline five general features of cathexis (persistence, the pharmacy principle, boundary-making, situational spontaneity, and emergence). Based on this program, I review existing research dealing with the emotional dimension of culture. I organize this material into three sub-sections: perception, identity and social change, and ‘energetics’ of social action. I show that using the theory of cathexis as a common denominator empowers existing approaches, puts them on the same board, and moves us to a better understanding of the emotional dimension of culture.
Pre-processing of a textual corpus for a lexicographic analysis with Iramuteq v1
Authors: Swart Wendeline , Cabanac Guillaume , Crespy Cécile
Published: May 2024

This protocol presents a lexicographic analysis of a textual corpus composed of documents. In our case, we applied that method to a corpus of 41 OECD reports initially in PDF format. The metadata of each document (e.g., year, country) are considered as variables for the analysis. Among the lexicographic analysis software that are available, we picked Iramuteq, developed by LERASS, Université de Toulouse. The lexicographic analysis uncovers the topics of the corpus and their evolution. This protocol presents how to pre-process the corpus to avoid some pitfalls.