Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keraguan Lansia Dalam Menerima Vaksin COVID-19 Pada Era New Normal Di Kelurahan Maccini Kecamatan Makassar
Authors: Nurul Nurul Rahmaniar Amalia , Adhayanti Ida , Ibrahim Ismail 
Published: January 2024

Saat ini Indonesia sudah dalam proses transisi perubahan pandemi menjadi endemi. Salah satu langkah memutus mata rantai penularan COVID-19 adalah dengan melaksanakan program vaksinasi COVID-19. Vaksinasi dimulai di Indonesia pada 13 Januari 2021 oleh Presiden Joko Widodo, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan vaksinasi kelompok prioritas seperti tenaga kesehatan, lansia dan seluruh masyarakat Indonesia. Masih adanya banyak pihak yang meragukan bahwa vaksin dapat menghambat COVID-19, salah satunya kelompok lansia. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keraguan lansia dalam menerima vaksin COVID-19 pada era new normal di Kelurahan Maccini Kecamatan Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik purposive sampling, kemudian untuk memperoleh data penelitian menggunakan kuesioner offline yang terdiri dari 29 pertanyaan. Data yang didapatkan kemudian diuji dengan SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) dan dianalisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dari ketujuh faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keraguan lansia, faktor tertinggi dengan nilai 71,2% yaitu faktor riwayat masa lalu dan faktor terendah dengan nilai 23,5% yaitu hambatan geografis dan biaya. Dengan rata-rata ketujuh faktor yaitu 39,8%  dan masuk kedalam kategori kurang. Lansia di Kelurahan Maccini Kecamatan Makassar menolak divaksin COVID-19 bahkan dari 95 responden tidak ada yang bersedia untuk divaksin COVID-19 dengan alasan tertinggi yaitu dengan nilai 62,1% mempunyai penyakit penyerta (komorbid) dilarang dokter.
Kata kunci: COVID-19, Keraguan Lansia, Vaksin
 
Currently, Indonesia is in the process of transitioning from a pandemic to an endemic one. One of the steps to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19 is to implement a COVID-19 vaccination program. Vaccination was started in Indonesia on January 13, 2021 by President Joko Widodo, then followed by vaccination of priority groups such as health workers, the elderly and all Indonesian people. There are still many who doubt that vaccines can inhibit COVID-19, one of which is the elderly group. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that influence the doubts of the elderly in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine in the new normal era in Maccini Village, Makassar District. This research is a descriptive study with purposive sampling technique, then to obtain research data using an offline questionnaire consisting of 29 questions. The data obtained were then tested with SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and analyzed. Based on the results of the study, of the seven factors that influence the elderly's doubts, the highest factor with a value of 71.2% is the past history factor and the lowest factor with a value of 23.5% is geographical barriers and costs. The average of the seven factors is 39.8% and is included in the less category. The elderly in Maccini Village, Makassar District, refused to be vaccinated against COVID-19, even from 95 respondents, none of them were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19, with the highest reason being that with a score of 62.1%, having comorbidities (comorbid) was prohibited by doctors.