bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The polarisation of remote work
Authors: Braesemann Fabian , Stephany Fabian , Teutloff Ole , Kässi Otto , Graham Mark , Lehdonvirta Vili
Published: September 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to the rise of remote work with consequences for the global division of work. Remote work could connect labour markets, but it could also increase spatial polarisation. However, our understanding of the geographies of remote work is limited. Specifically, does remote work bring jobs to rural areas or is it concentrating in large cities, and how do skill requirements affect competition for jobs and wages? We use data from a fully remote labour market - an online labour platform - to show that remote work is polarised along three dimensions. First, countries are globally divided: North American, European, and South Asian remote workers attract most jobs, while many Global South countries participate only marginally. Secondly, remote jobs are pulled to urban regions; rural areas fall behind. Thirdly, remote work is polarised along the skill axis: workers with in-demand skills attract profitable jobs, while others face intense competition and obtain low wages. The findings suggest that remote work is shaped by agglomerative forces, which are deepening the gap between urban and rural areas. To make remote work an effective tool for rural development, it needs to be embedded in local skill-building and labour market programmes.
Prognostic significance of carbohydrate antigen 125 in acute heart failure: a prospective comparative study with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide
Authors: Zhang Ji , Li Wenhua , Cai Gaojun , Xiao Jianqiang , Hui Jie , Shi Ganwei , Yu Lei , Xue Sheliang
Published: September 2021

Background

In acute heart failure (AHF), elevated carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) have shown to correlate with adverse events. We sought to quantify their prognostic usefulness in predicting the 6-month combined endpoint of death/heart failure readmission.
Methods

The study includes 352 patients admitted for AHF. The primary endpoint was 6-month combined endpoint of death/AHF rehospitalization. CA125 and NTproBNP were dichotomized according to the best cut-offs to predict 6-month primary endpoint. By multivariate Cox regression analysis, the independent association of CA125 and NTproBNP with the primary endpoint was assessed, and their incremental prognostic utility evaluated by net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) index.
Results

A total of 47 (13.4%) deaths and 113 (32.1%) AHF rehospitalizations were identified at 6-month follow-up. The subjects with CA125 ≥ 39.7 U/ml and NTproBNP ≥ 3900 pg/ml had significantly higher cumulative event rates (56.1% vs. 33.3% and 53.3% vs. 33.8%, both P < 0.001). Elevated CA125 (HR 1.93; 95%CI [1.32–2.83]; P = 0.001) was associated with higher HR than NTproBNP ≥ 3900 pg/ml (HR 1.71; 95%CI [1.19–2.48]; P = 0.004) after adjusting for established risk factors. Elevated CA125 still independently predicted adverse events when both CA125 and NTproBNP were entered together in the same multivariate model. Furthermore, risk reclassification analyses demonstrated significant improvements in NRI of 22.3% (P = 0.014) and IDI of 2.7% (P = 0.012) when adding CA125 to the base model + NTproBNP.
Conclusions

Elevated CA125 and NTproBNP predicted adverse outcomes in AHF patients. CA125 added prognostic value to NTproBNP, and thus, their combination conferred greater predictive capacity.
Kooperation an inklusiven Schulen: Zur Zusammenarbeit in einer inklusionsbezogenen Fortbildungsreihe und in der schulischen Praxis aus Sicht von Lehrkräften
Authors: Müller Ulrike Beate , Kuhl Poldi
Published: September 2021

Kooperation gilt als ein Merkmal guter Schulen und erfolgreicher Schulentwicklung. Insbesondere an Schulen, die erfolgreich inklusiv arbeiten, wird Kooperation systematisch und auf einem hohen Niveau umgesetzt. Für ausgeprägte Formen der Kooperation sind allerdings langfristige und komplexe Interventionsformen bedeutsam, welche es in Form von Aus- und Weiterbildung von Lehrpersonen – insbesondere im Bereich der inklusiven Schulentwicklung – noch nicht in ausreichendem Maße gibt. Ein Schulentwicklungsprogramm, welches zur Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften im Umgang mit Heterogenität beitragen soll, ist Jede/r ist besonders (JIB) der Deutschen Schulakademie (DSA). Die zweite, zweijährige Zirkelrunde von JIB mit 24 Schulen in fünf Bundesländern wurde von 2017 bis 2020 wissenschaftlich mithilfe eines Mixed-Method-Ansatzes begleitet. Auf Grundlage des Modells zum Fortbildungserfolg nach Kirkpatrick wurde Kooperation innerhalb der Fortbildung und an den teilnehmenden Schulen untersucht. Ergebnisse aus drei Teilstudien weisen darauf hin, dass innerhalb der Fortbildung JIB erfolgreich kooperiert wird, dass Kooperation bedeutsam ist für die Umsetzung schulischer Entwicklungsziele und dass im Laufe der zwei Jahre von JIB das gemeinsame pädagogische Verständnis innerhalb der Kollegien und die außerschulische Zusammenarbeit an den JIB-Schulen weiterentwickelt werden konnten.
 
Abstract
Cooperation is a feature of high quality schools and successful school development. Especially schools that work successfully inclusive, cooperate systematically and at high levels. For elaborated forms of cooperation, long-term and extensive teacher training programmes are needed. A programme of school development that is set to qualify teachers to cope with heterogeneity, is JIB (Everyone is special) by the German School Academy. From 2017 to 2020 the second, two year term of JIB with 24 schools in five federal states in Germany was scientifically evaluated by a mixed-method study. Using the model of Kirkpatrick addressing success of training programmes, cooperation was analysed within the training programme JIB and in schools. Findings of three study parts suggest a successful way of cooperating within the teacher training programme, a significant role of cooperation in the realization of school development goals and an improvement of the collective pedagogical comprehension among teacher councils and of cooperation between parents and schools.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY OF ORAL TERBINAFINE ALONE AND ORAL TERBINAFINE WITH TOPICAL 8% CICLOPIROX OLAMINE IN ONYCHOMYCOSIS
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of DVL, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada., Anitha MD Vinnakoti , Kinnera MD Boina ,   Senior resident, Department of DVL, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam.
Published: September 2021

Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of nail plate caused by dermatophytes, non dermatophyte molds & yeasts. Tinea unguium on the other hand refers specifically to infection caused by dermatophytes. Onychomycosis represents 50% of all nail disorders and 30% of all mycotic infections of skin.1 It is distributed worldwide with prevalence of 3% to 9%. It is generally considered as a disease of middle aged and elderly affecting a large and significant number of people. There has been a recent increase in the incidence as well as a spectrum of causative pathogens associated with onychomycosis. 50 patients of onychomycosis who attended our outpatient department were randomly selected. These 50 patients were equally divided into two groups A and B. Patients in group A (25) were given only oral terbinafine 250mg/once daily for 12 weeks. Patients in group B (25) were given oral terbinafine 250mg/once daily for 12 weeks along with 8% Ciclopirox Olamine nail lacquer which is applied topically once daily at night. In our present study combination therapy give high mycological cure rates than oral terbinafine monotherapy. Combination therapy (oral terbinafine 250mg daily dose with 8% ciclopirox olamine nail lacquer) showed 70 % clinical cure rate and 60 % mycological cure.
MATHEMATICS ANXIETY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Guest Faculty, MaaKamla Chandrika Jee Teachers Training College Jehanabad, Bihar, India., Kumar Varun , Srivastava Nimisha ,   Associate Professor, St. Xaviers College of Education (Autonomous), DighaGhat, Patna, Bihar, India.
Published: September 2021

The present investigation has been conducted to study the Mathematics Anxiety and its effect on a set of independent variables (gender,school board, fathers qualification, mothers qualification and with respect to their types of family). To achieve this aim the researcher has adopted survey method. The tool used for the data collection was Mathematics Anxiety Scale (MAS) developed by Dr. (Mrs.) Sadia Mahmood and Dr. (Mrs.) TahiraKhatoon.Tool was administered on 195 secondary school students drawn randomly from two schools of Patna. For the analysis of data, the investigator has used mean, standard deviation andt test. The results found that there is no significant difference in MathematicsAnxiety of students with respect to their gender, school board, fathers qualification and with respect to their types of family. Another major finding is that, students whose mothers qualification is above intermediate they are having high MathematicsAnxiety in comparison to those whose mothersqualification is intermediate and below intermediate.
FAMILY AS AN INDICATOR OF ACHIEVEMENT OF DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING STUDENTS
Authors:   Life Skills Improvement Center, Belgrade, Pavković Ivana , Roksandić Ivana ,   Elementary school ’’Radivoj Popović’’, Zemun, Kovačević Jasmina ,   Faculty for special education and rehabilitation, University of Belgrade
Published: September 2021

The formation of an educated and a successful personality depends on a number of pedagogical, sociological and social factors. In the process of socialization and education, both contemporary school system and family share responsibility and make an important role in the success, not only of individuals, but of society as a whole. The influence of the family environment on achievement can be seen from different aspects. The aim of the research was to examine the connection between achievement of deaf and hard-of-hearing students and factors of the family environment seen through their socioeconomic status. The survey sample comprised 59 parents of deaf and hard-of-hearing children attending the school for deaf and hard-of-hearing students in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. In the process of relevant literature research and determining the theoretical facts relevant for the research problem, the method of theoretical analysis and synthesis was used. In relation to research techniques, survey and content analysis were used. Family questionnaire was used to analyze the link between the socioeconomic status of families and achievement of deaf and hard-of-hearing students. The results have shown that there was no correlation between the socioeconomic status of the families and the school achievements of deaf and hard-of-hearing students.
INTERNET AMONG STUDENTS – FROM MATHEMATICAL RATIONALITY TO UNREALITY
Authors:   Faculty of Education Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bazdalić Tarik , Ramaj Vehbi ,   Business Faculty, University of "Haxhi Zeka", Rešić Sead ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Omerović Maid ,   Faculty of Education Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

Today’s modern lifestyle and contemporary ways of working and gaining knowledge in schools and universities could not be imagined without high technology – the Internet. Simply said, internet entered all the pores of contemporary life in big style. If used rationally, internet can truly facilitate work in all spheres of modern man’s life. However, internet also has a dark side which comes to light if its excessive use becomes internet addiction, or internet infatuation. We reached this hypothesis through everyday contact with students in class as well as our colleagues teachers. In order to determine if and to what extent internet addiction among students exists, we applied a generic method, that is, we used survey as one of techniques of research. The survey was conducted in October of academic year 2017/2018. Sample of 79 students was selectedfrom first and fourth grades in Secondary school “Muhsin Rizvić” in Kakanj.
DEVELOPMENT OF E-GOVERNMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors:   European University Kallos, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Stojanović Zvezdan , Musić Mehrudina ,   European University Kallos, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

Effective collaboration between all level of government (on local and state level), all agencies and ministries have great impact on development one country. Here is reflected the importance of the introduction of e-government, which should effectively connect all of those participants into one efficient unit. Bosnia and Herzegovina is country with complicated political and terrestrial order with two entities and one district and with ten cantons in one entity. It is main reason why Bosnia and Herzegovina has uneven development of e-Government. In this article, we will give an overview of the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina regarding ICT and we will make a comparison of the situation in BiH in terms of development of e-government with the neighboring countries.
IMPACT OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE ON DIAGNOSIS OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT
Authors:   Univarsity of Tuzla, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, Bosnia and Herzegovina, H. Mahmutović Esad , Hasanbegović Husnija ,   Center for Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Povlakić Hadžiefendić Meliha ,   Center for Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

Aim of this paper was to examine effectiveness of speech and language development examination of persons with hearing impairment in form of applicable diagnostic software in relation to classical approach. Research was conducted on the sample of 45 respondents from the population of students with hearing impairments based on following criteria: degree of impairment above 80 dB, age from 6 to 15 years without any other disabilities. Data was processed with descriptive analysis, Wilcoxon test and t-test. Results of the research confirmed that applicable diagnostic software provide more effective diagnostic procedures for examining of speach and language development of persons with hearing impairment in relation to classical approach.
PERCEPTION OF ADAPTATION OF A SPATIAL ENVIRONMENT FOR SUCCESSFUL MOVEMENT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors:   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Husić-Đuzić Izeta , Tulumović Ševala ,   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

The aim of the paper is to show differences in the accessibility of the environment between young people with disabilities and young people without disabilities. The sample of respondents consisted of two sub-samples. The first sub-sample was composed of young people with disabilities, chronologically aged 18-35, both sexes 50 of them. The second subsample consisted of young people without disabilities, chronologically aged 18-35, both sexes 50 of them, selected by random selection method from the Tuzla Canton area. The data obtained by the research were processed using the method of parametric and nonparametric statistics. Frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency are calculated (arithmetic mean, standard deviation). To investigate the differences between the tested variables, p-values were used, and variance analysis was used to test the significance of the differences. The obtained results showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the adaptability of space and the accessibility of the environment between young people with disabilities and young people without disabilities. Young people with disabilities are the worst evaluators of the accessibility of public transport and the environment, and the best evaluators of accessibility of housing.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY AND LEISURE TIME OF PERSONS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFICULTIES
Authors:   Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Švraka Emira , Salkić Naim ,   Center for Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Klinić Berka ,   Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

Occupations can be divided into three subcategories: activities that are socially expected, activities that affirm health and support maintenance of health and leisure activities. Leisure time activities are an individual choice from personal interests and values, not because of the expectations of the environment. Leisure time activities can be divided into three basic groups: activities for rest, recreation and personal development. Goals: Occupational therapy and leisure time of persons with developmental difficulties are determining the duration of activities that are carried out due to rest, various forms of recreation and personal development and their mutual relationship. Results: In total 121 persons with cerebral palsy participated in the workshops of the Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 52 (42.98%) from Sarajevo, 14 (11.58%) from Gorazde, 29 (23.97%) from Zenica, 9 (7.43%) from Sapna and 17 (14.05%) from the Center „Koraci nade“ (Steps of hope) from Tuzla. Of the total sample (121 respondents) one hour per day listened to the music 29 (23.97%) participants, 2 hours 26 (21.49%), 3 and more hours 59 (48.76%) and not listen to the music at all 7 participants (5.78%). Of the total sample per day 1-hour watches TV and uses internet 20 (16.53%) participants, 2 hours 35 (28.92%), 3 and more hours 60 (49.59%) and no TV viewing or internet use 6 (4.96%) participants. For all four Associations, members of the Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of FBiH and the Center "Koraci nade", Tuzla, for leisure activities directed to rest, there is a statistically significant difference in the time spent in the activities: χ2 = 55.071; df = 6; p < .0001. For all four Associations, members of the Cerebral palsy associations of FBiH and Center "Koraci nade", Tuzla, there is a statistically significant difference in the frequency of participation in cultural and sports activities: χ2 = 162.758; df = 12; p < .0001. For all four Associations, members of the Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of FBiH and Center "Koraci nade", Tuzla, there is a statistically significant difference in time spent with companions, friends: χ 2= 34.137; df = 2; p < .0001. Discussion: In the study by Mlinarević The Styles of Leisure Time of High School Pupils in Slavonija and Baranja, 2004, outlined 43 leisure activities. The author combines the four leisure time styles: elite, hedonistic, sport-recreational and traditional-(non) conventional.
VISUAL PERCEPTION OF SPEECH IN CHILDREN WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANT
Authors:   Association „We exist too“, Velika Kladuša, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hilić-Huskić Azra , H. Mahmutović Esad ,   Center for Education and Rehabilitation of hearing and speaking Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Povlakić Hadžiefendić Meliha ,   Center for Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

By the development and application of cochlear implants, a large number of people with hearing impairment realize a better perception of speech after implantation. The aim of the research was to determine the differences in the quality of the perception of speech of children with cochlear implant in relation to the perception modality (auditory, visual, and audiovisual). The sample consisted of 30 deaf children with a cochlear implant, both sexes, chronologically aged from 3 to 15 years old, who regularly attend or had attended rehabilitation of hearing and speaking. The Test Lingvogram and the Articulation Test were used for testing (Vuletić, 1990). The data were processed with descriptive statistics and singlefactor analysis of variance. Respondents had the weakest results of word repetition and word understanding in the visual modality, much better results in auditory modality, and the best results in audiovisual modality. By comparing different modalities of speech perception, it was found that the differences were statistically significant in all pairs of modalities, both in word repetition and in word understanding, at the level of statistical significance p < .05, except between the visual and auditory perception (p = .26) in word repetition, but they were clinically significant in this combination too. The reason for the better effects of the modalities of the auditory and especially audiovisual perception, in relation to the visual perception of speech in this study is the application of cochlear implants in improving hearing and listening. However, people with a cochlear implant are still persons with hearing impairment. They should always have a high level of quality of the visual perception of speech in communication, which can be achieved by special exercises in the process of early rehabilitation of hearing and speaking
CLINICAL PROTOCOL FOR APHASIA AND APHASIA TEAM
Authors:   School of Social Work, Belgrade-Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Stojiljković Čauševac Dragan
Published: September 2021

The Clinical Protocol for Aphasia was created on the basis of international scientific research and presented to the professionals in this field at the First Congress of the Speech and Language Pathologists of Serbia. The Protocol, whose character is diagnostic-prognostic, is multidimensional in its structure containing five axes of assessment. Its greatest value is that it aims at realistic goal setting in the rehabilitation therapy of aphasia.Communication is the key to social participation and the objective of the rehabilitation of aphasia is a social goal, i.e., the optimization of communication between aphasia patientand their environment.The imperative of the protocol is interdisciplinarity, so one of the protocol outcomes is the aphasia team. The aphasia team is characterized by interdisciplinarity, functionality, flexibility and dynamism. One of the outcomes of the application of the Clinical Protocol for Aphasia is the choice of treatment: approach to leading disorder, functional approach, and social approach.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE WRITTEN COMMUNICATION FORM OF DEAF CHILDREN
Authors:   Centre for Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Sarajevo, Faculty of Health Studies Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Salkić Naim , Hasanbegović Husnija ,   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Tuzla, Institute for Human Rehabilitation Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Švraka Emira ,   Faculty of Health Studies Sarajevo, Association of Persons with Cerebral Palsy FBiH
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research was to examine the communication and linguistic competence of a meaningful understanding of the written communication form of deaf persons. In this study, a qualitative method of content analysis was used. The study was done on a sample of 70 deaf respondents. Deaf subjects were divided into two groups. One group wrote letters to another group on a topic of free choice, and the other group responded to the letter. After these correspondences, the letters were analysed in a way to search for understanding the content. Letters were agrammatic with a large number of omitted letters and syntactically difficult to understand. However, children who are deaf, perfectly recognized the context, and responded to letters with understanding. The results of the research showed that the deaf respondents have communication, but not linguistic competence in the written form of communication.
INDIVIDUAL EDUCATION PLAN (IEP) FOUNDATION OF A QUALITY INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors:   University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”- Skopje, Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Republic of Macedonia, Jachova Zora , Kovačević Jasmina ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Republic of Serbia, Hasanbegović Husnija ,   University of Tuzla, Education and Rehabilitation Faculty, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

Children with disability deserve equal access to quality education which enable them develop into useful member of the society and contribute to the economic growth of their immediate community irrespective of their areas of special needs. The Individual Education Plan (IEP) is a written document specifically developed for students with disabilities in inclusive education. The main goal of this article is to present a checklist of the essential elements required for an IEP and it is intended that these will form the basis for good inclusive practicein the future. The IEP is a working document and should be useful, available and comprehensible to all those dealing directly with the student. It needs to be considered in the context of home, school and classroom organisation.Effective individual education plans have key characteristics: Individualised and child-centred, Inclusive, Holistic, Collaborative and Accessible.
THE OTTOMAN TURKISH STUDIES FROM THE PAST TO PROSPERITY
Authors:   Department of Oriental Studies, Faculty of Philology, Belgrade University, Čolić Ljiljana
Published: September 2021

The article focuses on the progressive worldwide growing interest for the Ottoman studies through last decades, first caused by the changing of the attitude towards the national history and tradition in the same Republic of Turkey.
Mathematical simulation of air-water flow along Ski Jump Jet
Authors: Ahmadpour Roghayeh , Sarkardeh Hamed , Azamathulla Hazi
Published: September 2021

In the present study, using a quasi 3D analytical simulation, air concentration distribution in ski jump generated jet is calculated. A numerical simulation is also performed to verify the results of the analytical model in parallel with the available experimental and other analytical data. By solving continuity and momentum equations in the case of air-water flow for three different cases, it was confirmed that the air concentrations along the ski jet are uniquely linked to the relative black water core length. Results showed that the black water core length is also influenced by the approach flow depth, Froude number, geometrical parameters of ski jump and the chute bottom angle. Finally, an analytical equation is proposed to predict the air concentration distribution along the ski jump jet regarding different hydraulic and geometric parameters. By calculating the velocity profiles along the jet, it showed that increasing the air concentration reduces the jet velocity profile.
Crise Ambiental e Pandemia: Descaminhos no Brasil e Rumos para uma Nova Governança
Authors: Pierro Bruno De , Jacobi Pedro Roberto
Published: September 2021

A rápida degradação do meio ambiente em termos globais atingiu um novo patamar, ainda mais preocupante, com a eclosão da pandemia de Covid-19 no início de 2020. É cada vez mais evidente que o novo coronavírus soou um alerta aos efeitos indiretos do desmatamento, sobretudo em florestas tropicais, como a Amazônica. A concepção da sociedade de risco, proposta pelo sociólogo alemão Ulrich Beck, representa uma oportunidade para ampliar a discussão sobre possíveis intersecções entre as crises ambiental e sanitária, reforçando a urgência de se promover, de maneira articulada, medidas de contenção de endemias, epidemias e pandemias na relação com o desmatamento e consequente retirada da cobertura vegetal, orientadas por políticas públicas baseadas no conhecimento técnico-científico. Observa-se, porém, que a difusão dessa compreensão na gestão pública colide com os obstáculos impostos pelo próprio governo federal brasileiro. Tais barreiras são sustentadas pelo negacionismo histórico e científico, considerado um princípio norteador de decisões que favorecem a disseminação da Covid-19 e o agravamento da destruição ambiental no país. Para enfrentar esse desafio, é necessário fortalecer estruturas de governança democrática e participativa, estreitando a relação entre ciência e sociedade na busca por soluções integradas para combater problemas socioambientais cada vez mais complexos.
Selective Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylase 10 (HDAC-10)
Authors: Pojani Eftiola , Barlocco Daniela
Published: September 2021

:

Histone acetylation balance is one epigenetic mechanism controlling gene expression associated with disease progression. It has been observed that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC-10) isozyme contributes to the chemotherapy resistance; in addition, the poor clinical outcome observed in patients with aggressive solid tumors, such as neuroblastoma, has been associated with its overexpression. Moreover, HDAC-10 selective inhibition suppresses the autophagic response, thus providing an improved risk-benefit profile compared to cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy drugs. On these bases, HDAC-10 is becoming an emerging target for drug design.
Due to the rapid progress in the development of next-generation HDAC inhibitors, this review article aims to provide an overview on novel selective or dual HDAC-8/10 inhibitors, as new leads for cancer chemotherapy, able to avoid the severe side-effects of several actual approved “pan” HDAC inhibitors.
A literature search was conducted in MedLine, PubMed, Caplus, SciFinder Scholar databases from 2015 to the present.
Since the disclosure that the HDAC-6 inhibitor Tubastatin A was able to bind HDAC-10 efficiently, several related analogues were synthesized and tested. Both tricyclic (25-30) and bicyclic (31-42) derivatives were considered. The best pharmacological profile was shown by 36 (HDAC-10 pIC50 = 8.4 and pIC50 towards Class I HDACs from 5.2–6.4). In parallel, based on the evidence that high levels of HDAC-8 are a marker of poor prognosis in neuroblastoma treatment, dual HDAC-8/10 inhibitors were designed. The hydroxamic acid TH34 (HDAC-8 and 10 IC50 = 1.9 µM and 7.7 µM, respectively) and the hybrid derivatives 46d, 46e and 46g were the most promising both in terms of potency and selectivity.
Literature surveys indicate several structural requirements for inhibitory potency and selectivity towards HDAC-10, e.g., electrostatic and/or hydrogen bond interactions with E274 and complementarity to the P(E,A) CE motif helix.
Multi-functionalization, a Promising Adaptation to Overcome Challenges to Clinical Translation of Nanomedicines as Nano-diagnostics and Nano-therapeutics for Breast Cancer
Authors: Moti Lama A. Abdul , Hussain Zahid , Thu Hnin E. , Khan Shahzeb , Sohail Mohammad , Sarfraz Rai M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most aggressive and prevalent types of cancer, which
is associated with a high rate of mortality and colossal potential of metastasis to other body organs. Conventionally,
there are three commonly employed strategies for the treatment of BC including, surgery, radiations and
chemotherapy; however, these modalities are associated with several deleterious effects and a high rate of relapse.

Objective:

This review was aimed to critically discuss and conceptualize existing evidences related to the pharmaceutical
significance and therapeutic feasibility of multi-functionalization of nanomedicines for early diagnosis
and efficient treatment of BC.

Results:

Though the implication of nanotechnology-based modalities has revolutionised the outcomes of diagnosis
and treatment of BC; however, the clinical translation of these nanomedicines is facing grandeur challenges.
These challenges include recognition by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), short plasma half-life,
non-specific accumulation in the non-cancerous cells, and expulsion of the drug(s) by the efflux pump. To circumvent
these challenges, various adaptations such as PEGylation, conjugation of targeting ligand(s), and siteresponsive
behaviour (i.e., pH-responsiveness, biochemical, or thermal-responsiveness) have been adapted.
Similarly, multi-functionalization of nanomedicines has emerged as an exceptional strategy to improve the pharmacokinetic
profile, specific targetability to the tumor microenvironment (active targeting) and efficient internalization,
and to alleviate the expulsion of internalized drug contents by silencing-off efflux pump.

Conclusion:

Critical analysis of the available evidences revealed that multi-functionalization of nanomedicines
is a plausible and sustainable adaptation for early diagnosis and treatment of BC with better therapeutic outcomes.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Papanas Nikolaos , Stamatiou Iliana , Papachristou Stella
Published: September 2021

The aim of the present brief review was to discuss carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in diabetes
mellitus (DM). Generally, CTS is more common in DM, especially in subjects with coexisting
diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) and/or long DM duration. There is no agreement if it is more
frequent in type 1 or type 2 DM. The precise underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear but appear
to involve hyperglycaemia-induced median nerve oedema, increased sensitivity to exogenous
trauma and nerve myelin ischaemia and axonal degeneration. More recently, increased vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) appear to also play
an important role. Median nerve conduction study remains the cornerstone of CTS diagnosis in
DM, being more sensitive than clinical examination. CTS can be treated medically or surgically.
The latter appears now to be equally effective in subjects with vs. without DM in terms of recurrence
rates and quality of life.
LED Colour Trap for Aedes aegypti Control
Authors: Salles Tiago , Corrêa Ivo , Guimarães-Ribeiro Victor , Carvalho Edimilson , Moreira Mônica
Published: September 2021

Background:

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transmit dengue, zika, and
chikungunya viruses, neglected diseases that are considered global health challenges.
Due to the lack of antiviral drugs and vaccines for these illnesses, vector
control with chemical insecticides is the principal strategy for preventing their
spread. However, vector populations are becoming increasingly resistant to insecticides,
and the development of other control measures is, therefore, imperative.

Methods:

A new insect trap (IT) was used to control Aedes aegypti. A specific
light-emitting diode (LED) served as the attractant based on specific wavelength
ranges (450-495, 500-550 and 570-600 nm). The IT utilized insect-attracting and
killing mechanisms that included a black capture box, a suction-producing mechanism,
an electric shock device and a nylon cloth device that held surviving
mosquitoes, which died due to starvation. Capture assays of twenty non-feeding
females inside a cage were performed in triplicate using different LED intensities.
A commercial trap (ultraviolet lamp attractant and suction system) was used
as a positive control.

Results:

Capture assays of A. aegypti with different intensities and LED combinations
showed that the tricolored trap captured 100% of the females, followed by
the Green LED 8 set, which captured 91%; in comparison, commercial traps captured
approximately 25% of the insects. Although there were no significant differences
between the experimental groups, the tricolored trap probably will capture
more mosquito females considering the vision variation in individual females.

Conclusion:

We herein present a green technology-based IT that is effective,
safe and successful for reducing mosquito populations, thereby preventing
mosquito-borne disease spread.
ÇALIŞAN KADINLARDA PANDEMİNİN RUHSAL ETKİLERİ VE SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM FARKINDALIĞI
Authors: AYDIN Adeviye , GÜNER Özlem
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Çalışan kadınlarda, pandemi sürecinde anksiyete, stres, korku düzeylerinin ve sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı kesitsel türde bir çalışmadır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de yaşayan dahil edilme kriterlerini taşıyan 18-65 yaş aralığında olan kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan 387 çalışan kadınla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Koronavirüs Korkusu Ölçeği”, “Bütünleşik Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği” ve “Sağlıklı Yaşam Farkındalıkları Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, parametrik testler, pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların Koronavirüs (COVID-19) Korkusu puan ortalaması 18,00±6,75, Bütünleşik Anksiyete Stres puan ortalaması 55,60±24,61 ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Farkındalık puan ortalaması 62,63±8,84’olarak bulunmuştur. Evli kadınların koronavirüs korkusu puan ortalamalarının (19,63±6,59), bekarlara göre (17,38±6,78) daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (t=-3,271, p=,001). Araştırmada, 30-39 yaş aralığındaki kadınların, 20-29 yaş aralığındaki kadınlara göre (F=4,514, p=,012); 6-10 yıldır çalışma deneyimi olan kadınların 5 yıl ve altında çalışma deneyimi olanlara göre (F=4,819, p=,009) koronavirüs korkusu puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Koronavirüs korkusu ile sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığı toplam puanı arasında (r=0,127; p<0,05) ve bütünleşik anksiyete stres puanı ile (r=0,348, p<0,01) pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sosyalleşme ve anksiyete, stres puanları koronavirüs korkusunu %19 açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırmada, çalışan kadınların pandemi sürecinde sağlıklı yaşam farkındalık puanı ruhsal durumlarını etkilediğinden sürecin etkili yönetilmesinde bireylerin ruhsal yönden desteklenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Yaş, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma süresi gibi değişkenler koronavirüs korkusu ve sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığı ile ilişkilidir. Çalışan kadınlarda ruhsal etkilerin en aza indirilmesinde ve sağlıklı yaşam farkındalıklarının artırılmasını etkileyen faktörlerin dikkate alınması önerilmektedir.
Evaluation of long-term prospects of the structure of freight rail transportation
Authors: Macheret D. A.
Published: September 2021

The most important business of the domestic railway industry is freight transportation, which decisively affects the financial and economic stability and efficiency of the Russian railways. Successful activities in the field of rail freight transport are determined by both the volume and the structure of these transportations. In the long term perspective, there is a risk of a reduction in the freight base of railways due to the global paradigm of decarbonization of the economy, as well as the implementation of a “circular economy”, which assumes a continuous cycle of material processing with close to 100% utilization of products that have completed their life cycle and the use of appropriate materials for the production of new products. Reducing the consumption of coal, oil and petroleum products in the course of decarbonization will lead to a corresponding reduction in the volume of their transportation by rail, and the implementation of the “closed cycle economy” — to a reduction in the transportation of non‑hydrocarbon raw materials, which also occupies a significant share in rail transportation. Taking into account the noted trends, the article provides an expert categorization of goods transported by rail by the level of long‑term prospects. All freights are divided into four categories: non‑promising, low‑promising, promising and highly promising. Based on the proposed categorization with the use of retrospective data on rock loading of freights on railway transport, a significant change in the structure of loading was revealed in terms of its long‑term prospects. For a generalized evaluation of the level of long‑term prospects of the loading structure, a new indicator is proposed — an indicator of long‑term prospects of loading. Its retrospective analysis was carried out. The results of the analysis are given a qualitative evaluation based on the developed scale of zonal values of this indicator. The necessity of solving the problem of timely replacement of freights, the traffic volumes of which will decrease in the future due to structural changes, with freights with a higher level of long‑term prospects, has been substantiated. The target structure of freight loading on the railway network is proposed and the time horizon on which it is desirable to achieve it is substantiated. The directions for the development of research on this topic have been determined.
Capacidades Dinámicas: Reflexión Teórica desde el Campo de la Estrategia
Authors:   Universidad Simón Bolívar, Robledo Fernández Juan Carlos , Vergara Streinesberger Francisco ,   Institución Universitaria CEIPA, Del Rio Cortina Jorge ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
Published: September 2021

Las capacidades dinámicas son objeto de estudio en el campo de la estrategia. Su constructo, aunque concebido a principios del siglo XX, solo obtiene su profundización a partir de los años 90. A lo largo de la literatura al respecto se encuentran diversas definiciones que van principalmente en tres enfoques: el de la innovación, el Contingente y el de la construcción de capacidades. De otra parte, las capacidades dinámicas vienen encontrando puntos convergentes en sus respectivas perspectivas, en especial en dos aspectos clave: el primero de ellos en el que se requiere que las empresas desarrollen continuamente capacidad de adaptación, y el segundo, en que invertir en su construcción solo tiene sentido racional si se hace desde la perspectiva de la exploración de nuevo conocimiento que permita la construcción continua de nuevas capacidades organizacionales. En un mundo de rápidos cambios tecnológicos, y cambios en los patrones de consumo, las capacidades dinámicas emergen como un criterio o constructo dentro del campo de la estrategia para tratar de explicar como crear y hacer sostenible la ventaja competitiva.
Estudio sobre la situación actual de las empresas de alimentos en Barranquilla, Atlántico
Authors:   Cámara de Comercio de Barranquilla, Pacheco Castro Gustavo , Cervera Cárdenas Jorge ,   Universidad Autónoma del Caribe
Published: September 2021

En el presente estudio, se pretende conocer la situación actual de las empresas del sector alimentos en Barranquilla, analizando las variables del entorno económico mundial, latinoamericano, colombiano, región caribe, departamento del Atlántico, hasta llegar a la ciudad de Barranquilla; teniendo como base la perspectiva de diferentes investigaciones con puntos de incidencia. Se plantea las características de las empresas de alimentos, con el propósito de aumentar la competitividad, se establece entre las principales acciones; es estratégico invertir en el desarrollo de los proveedores de las materias primas con prácticas ambientales eficientes, crear nuevos productos y mantener una buena imagen para posicionar y así ampliar el mercado. Los dirigentes del Atlántico deben dirigir sus esfuerzos en buscar nuevos inversores económicos, articular con las principales instituciones del gobierno que invierten con recursos económicos o factor humano tanto en el sector rural y urbano para las pequeñas y medianas empresas. El gobierno rige un papel fundamental para aplicar medidas como reducir incertidumbre de reforma tributarias, disminuir el contrabando, invertir en aumentar las capacidades de las empresas como productividad, calidad y estrategias de comercialización, disminuir los efectos de los fenómenos del clima por medio del desarrollo de medidas de mitigación y regulación, controlar los principales factores que potencializan la depreciación del peso por medio de acciones a largo plazo, simplificar las restricciones de entrada y salida de alimentos para no afectar la producción de alimentos, competitividad y por ende el crecimiento económico del sector.
El liderazgo transformacional y su incidencia en la toma de decisiones gerenciales en las empresas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, apia Castilla Zulehika Cecilia T , Antequera Ripoll Javier Mauricio ,   Universidad Autónoma del Caribe
Published: September 2021

El liderazgo es un fenómeno en estudio, en constante revisión teórica, debido a la complejidad de su naturaleza, en el cual, se conjugan una multitud de variables que tratan de explicar su causalidad composición y efecto en las organizaciones. Sin embargo, es claro, que los diferentes tipos de liderazgo tienen una influencia decisiva en la toma de decisiones de las empresas, y generan un impacto significativo en el crecimiento de estas. En el presente artículo, se aborda el tema del liderazgo, haciendo especial énfasis, en la incidencia de los diferentes tipos de liderazgo para el direccionamiento empresarial y acerca de la importancia del liderazgo transformacional para el logro de los objetivos organizacionales
Belatacept dosing in Lung Transplantation: is there a Method to the Madness?
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6565 Fannin St., DB1-051, Houston, Texas, USA, Pham Christine , Pierce Brett J ,   Department of Pharmacy, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6565 Fannin St., DB1-051, Houston, Texas, USA, Yau Simon W ,   Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Suite 26, Houston, Texas, USA, Youssef Georges J ,   Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Suite 26, Houston, Texas, USA, Goodarzi Ahmad ,   Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Suite 26, Houston, Texas, USA, Huang Howard J ,   Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Suite 26, Houston, Texas, USA
Published: September 2021

Data supporting the use of belatacept in non-abdominal organs are limited to case series and small cohorts involving patients requiring conversion due to CNI intolerance or contraindication. Review articles summarizing the efficacy of belatacept salvage therapy in lung transplantation have previously been published, however, dosing regimens are highly variable and uniform guidance is lacking. In this article, indications and considerations for belatacept use in lung transplant recipients are reviewed with a specific focus on dosing regimens. Utilization of standardized dosing protocols to guide belatacept conversion will both improve the ability to directly assess outcomes and provide the opportunity to improve future patient care. A suggested framework for dosing selection and timeline for cross titration is proposed herein.