bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Civil and Criminal Applications of the Identification Doctrine: Arguments for Harmonization
Authors: MacPherson Darcy L
Published: January 2019

The identification doctrine refers to the attribution of mental states to a corporation. This article analyzes the two types of situations in which this doctrine is used. Tlte first is where the Crown wishes to hold a corporation liable for crimes requiring proof of mental fault. Canadian Dredge & Dock Co. Ltd. v. R. serves as the cornerstone case in which the doctrine is firmly established as a "sword" against corporations in the criminal law. The second situation in which the doctrine has been used is where the corporation sues in tort, and the defendant wishes to say that the mental state of the plaintiff corporation disentitles recovery. In other words, the doctrine can be used as a "shield" for individuals against claims in tort by corporations.Legislative amendments to the Criminal Code have altered criteria for the doctrine in the criminal law. These changes do not affect the "shield" use of the doctrine, which is still governed by the common law.The author argues for the harmonization of the common law doctrine with its criminal legislative counterpart.
Judges and Canadian Legal Thought: The Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba 1870-1950: A Biographical History, Dale Brawn (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006) and History of Canadian Legal Thought: Collected Essays, R.C.B Risk...
Authors: Muir James H.
Published: January 2019

No Abstract
Role and Responsibilities of Counsel for the Child in Alberta: A Practitioner's Perspective and a Response to Professor Bala
Authors: Hensley Dale
Published: January 2019

The representation of children and the role and responsibilities of counsel have recently become topics of discussion in Alberta. This dialogue includes consideration of whether, and in what situations, acting as a best-interests advocate, an amicus curiae, or a traditional advocate best meets the goal of reaching an outcome that serves the best interests of a child whose parents are engaged in family law and child protection disputes. This article proposes that the most appropriate role for counsel who represent children becomes obvious once the societal motivation for having such representation is clarified. In particular, counsel's role depends on whether children are accepted as rights-bearers, which also impacts the interpretation of statutory language, particularly "interests" and "best interests." and the test for capacity to instruct counsel. This analysis rejects Professor Bella's proposal that counsel should advocate their own opinions of the child's best interests because such an approach exceeds the training and expertise oflawyers and is not supported by current legal systems. The author joins Professor Bala in urging decision- and policy-makers to develop a coherent child representation program to address these and related issues.
Comparative Perspectives on the Regulation of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the United Kingdom and Canada
Authors: Nelson Erin L.
Published: January 2019

This article highlights some concerns with the regulatory structure envisioned by Canada's new Assisted Human Reproduction Act, principally by comparing Canada's proposed Assisted Human Reproduction Agency (AHRA) with the United Kingdom's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). The article elaborates on the past and present regulation of ARTs in both Canada and the United Kingdom, using the current regulation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis by the HFEA as an example. The author notes that there is considerable cause for concern over the ability of the AHRA to effectively regulate ARTs, and cautions that Canada's proposed regulatory structure may serve only to reignite the debate around the moral status of the embryo that featured so prominently in the debate over the legislation itself.
The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power, Joel Bakan (Toronto: Viking Canada, 2004)
Authors: Yahya Moin A.
Published: January 2019

No Abstract
Restrictive Covenants: When the Honeymoon Ends
Authors: Bhalloo Shafik , Parma Alisha
Published: January 2019

The law governing restrictive covenants in employment agreements has evolved rapidly in recent years and continues to do so. This article provides an in-depth examination of the function of restrictive covenants in the employment context through an evaluation of jurisprudence. The article analyzes various aspects of restrictive covenants, including their enforceability, relationship with the doctrine of severance, interpretation through the functionalist and formalist approaches, and effects on pre-existing employment agreements and wrongful termination. The author concludes by providing recommendations for drafting and implementing restrictive covenants.
Rethinking Privacy: Exclusivity, Private Relation and Tort Law
Authors: Brown Russell
Published: January 2019

Referencing recent decisions in the high courts of England. Australia and Sew Zealand that have recognized a right to privacy as a protected interest in tort law. the author examines whether the extension of tort law 's protection to "privacy" can be justified. This inquiry focuses on tort law's fundamental norms by examining whether the interest can he rationalized with a conception of liability for interference with a person's rights in his or herexternal things or in his or her own bodily integrity. The author ultimately discerns and assesses too possible justifications: first, protecting the plaintiffs interest in his or her privacy where it represents a resourcefrom which the plaintiff has excluded the defendant; andsecond, upholding the dignity of persons.
Patient Privacy in a Wired (and Wireless) World: Approaches to Consent in the Context of Electronic Health Records
Authors: Ries Nola M
Published: January 2019

The author reviews recent changes in legislation in Canada and abroad in the area of patient privacy. consent and electronic health records (EHRs). In her overview of Canadian legislation, she examines the existing patchwork of legal requirements, as well as ethical obligations governing health information and policy initiatives aimed at harmonizing approaches across Canada. Internationally, the United Kingdom and Australia are reviewed on how those jurisdictions are addressing the issue of protecting patient privacy while developing operable EHR schemes. The author concludes that as EHR schemes develop, stringency of privacy and consent protections will likely wane in favour of establishing workable systems and. as a consequence, appropriate security mechanisms should be implemented to safeguard personal information.
Who Controls the Past Now Controls the Future: Counter-Terrorism, Data Mining and Privacy
Authors: Renke Wayne N
Published: January 2019

Recent world events have created international security concerns and a demand for counter-terrorist measures. Information fuels counter-terrorism. "Data mining" has been touted as a means for acquiring needed information. This article describes data mining, explores its social, political and personal risks, then assesses its impact on the Charter-protected right to privacy. The author proposes a framework for the constitutionally appropriate regulation of data mining. Data mining is portrayed as a potentially valuable counter-terrorism tool which must be governed responsibly, if its costs are not to exceed its benefits.
Englander v. Telus: Protection of Privacy in the Private Sector Goes to the Federal Court of Appeal
Authors: Racicot Marc-Aurele
Published: January 2019

These days, is there a topic more significant and provocative than the protection of privacy in the private sector? The importance of this topic has been highlighted since the Canadian Parliament adopted the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act which came into full force on 1 January 2004 and which is scheduled for review in 2006. Although it seems that everywhere we turn, the word "privacy" and its companion PIPEDA are at centre stage, many say that this attention is unwarranted and a knee-jerk reaction to the information age where one can run but cannot hide. Like it or not, we are subject to the prying eyes of cameras in public places, the tracking and trailing of Internet activities, the selling of address lists and other such listings, and the synthesizing by marketers of frightful amounts of personal information that, when pulled together, reveals a lot about our personal life, our ancestry, our relationships, our interests and our spending habits.
The Presumption of Resulting Trust and Beneficiary Designations: What's Intention Got to Do with It?
Authors: Chin Jason M. , Rabinowitz Archie , Quinn Aoife
Published: January 2019

When opening an RRSP or RRIF, investors typically designate a beneficiary. We expect that when making this choice, most investors intend that their designated beneficiary will indeed benefit from the investment on their death. If there is a dispute between the designated beneficiary and the investor’s estate, we further expect investors intend that their choice of beneficiary will prevail. Surprisingly, this is not the case in many provincial appellate courts, which in fact favour the estate in such disputes. More specifically, most Canadian courts apply the presumption of resulting trust to beneficiary designations: they assume, absent other evidence, that the designated beneficiary holds the proceeds of the RRSP or RRIF in trust for the deceased investor’s estate. Only Saskatchewan has taken a contrary position. The Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench in Morrison Estate (Re) recently weighed both options and endorsed the approach that applies the presumption of resulting trust.In this article, we analyze the doctrine of resulting trust, its rationale as presented by several leading cases, and empirical evidence evaluating the intentions of Canadian investors. We conclude that applying the presumption of resulting trust to beneficiary designations betrays both the theory and purpose of the presumption. It also runs counter to the intentions of most Canadians and creates uncertainties in millions of beneficiary designations. Finally, we present several solutions for bringing the law in line with the intentions of investors and, indeed, common sense.
The Oil & (and) Gas Industry and Land Use Issues in British Columbia
Authors: Fingarson John L. , Shouldice Robert R.
Published: January 2019

This article provides an overview of the impact of environmental, land use and project review procedures on the regulation of the oil and gas industry in British Columbia. This article discusses the uncertainty that has been created in the industry from the implementation of provincial government land use, project review and environmental policy initiatives. The authors are of the view that the energy industry must actively participate in the processes introduced by the government if it wishes to ensure that its future in British Columbia is properly looked after. The article chronicles developments up to mid-July 1993.
Recent Judicial Developments of Interest to Oil and Gas Lawyers
Authors: Friesen J. Glenn , Osler John S.
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief survey of recent Canadian case law in areas of interest to oil and gas lawyers.
First Nations, Metis, and Inuit Women's Health: A Rights-Based Approach
Authors: Boyer Yvonne
Published: January 2019

The health status of Aboriginal women in Canada is disparagingly low as compared to the non-Aboriginal population. The implementation of male centred legislation, policies, and institutions that are the hallmark of Canada’s colonial history have had a long-lasting impact on the health of Aboriginal women. Although Aboriginal women have unique sets of constitutionally protected rights, the government has failed to protect these rights.The purpose of this article is to present a constitutional and human rights-based approach to address constitutionally protected rights within the context of a distinctive Indigenous appreciation of social rights and of women’s substantive equality. This article is separated into three sections. First, using data from federal government and the Native Women’s Association of Canada statistics, the health status of Aboriginal women is examined. Many international instruments and agreements recognize a rights-based approach to health. Canada, as a signatory to a number of these agreements, has acknowledged its international obligations towards the health of Aboriginal people. Two of these agreements, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People, provide the human rights standards that bind Canada with regard to all Canadians and are examined in the second section. The last section suggests that a constitutional equality rights framework may offer a promising basis for future right to health assertions by Aboriginal women. Through an analysis of both collective and individual rights of Aboriginal women to health, section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, it becomes apparent that Canada is in breach of its constitutional obligations.
The Future of Precarious Status Migrants' Right to Health Care in Canada
Authors: Chen Y.Y. Brandon
Published: January 2019

This article examines how health care services in Canada are denied to precarious status migrants, either through outright exclusion based on immigration status, or due to the realities in migrants’ lives that make it difficult for them to access health care services. The author argues that this situation is unfair, given the contribution made by precarious status migrants to Canada’s sociocultural and economic fabric, and exhorts the courts and policymakers to do more to make health care services available to these migrants.
Implications of Case Management and Active Adjudication for Judicial Disqualification
Authors: Hughes Jula , Bryden Philip
Published: January 2019

The judicial role of Canadian judges is changing to allow judges to make trials fairer, more accessible, and more efficient. Along with the changing role of judges has come new tools, including pretrial settlement and case management conferences, and even active adjudication during the course of the trial. However, this new role and the use of its associated tools have the potential to raise an apprehension of bias. This article focuses on recent case law and commentary addressing case management and active adjudication by judges, with the aim of clarifying the boundary between permissible judicial intervention that fosters fairness and efficiency, and impermissible interventions that raise an apprehension of bias. Additionally, we discuss the role counsel can play in helping to avoid concerns of bias from arising.
The Metabletic Method: An Interdisciplinary Look at Human Experience
Authors: Mook Bertha
Published: January 2019

Metabletics was first introduced by J.H. Van den Berg as a systematic study of the changing nature of human existence. It gives special focus to phenomena within their specific historical and social-cultural contexts, and inside a complex matrix of relationships. Metabletics provide a uniquely interdisciplinary approach through the analysis of simultaneous events to identify patterns in human experience. Most central to the metabletic method is that, while the world of science is constant, the landscape of human existence is continually changing and causing humans to change. This article outlines the central principles and applications of the metabletic method and addresses tensions and possible challenges within the approach.
The Ethical Experience of Nature: Aristotle and the Roots of Ecological Phenomenology
Authors: Van der Schyff Dylan B.
Published: January 2019

I demonstrate here how Aristotle's teleological conception of nature has been largely misunderstood in the scientific age and I consider what his view might offer us with regard to the environmental challenges we face in the 21st century. I suggest that in terms of coming to an ethical understanding of the creatures and things that constitute the ecosystem, Aristotle offers a welcome alternative to the rather instrumental conception of the natural world and low estimation of subjective experience our contemporary techno-scientific culture espouses. Among other things, I consider how his conception of orexis and eudaimonia (happiness or, as I prefer here, "the flourishing life") might be extended to include the eco-system itself, thus allowing us to better understand the moral meaning of nature. I conclude with a look at the way in which modern phenomenology re-addresses the fundamental Greek concern with ontology, meaning and human authenticity. I consider the ways in which phenomenology reasserts the value of direct human experience that was so important to Aristotle; and I consider how this view, and that of Deep ecology, may help us to experience nature - and all of Being for that matter - in a more authentic, meaningful and altogether ethical light.
"I Learned Nothing from Him...". Reflections on Problematic Issues with Peer Modeling in Rehabilitation
Authors: Standal Oeyvind F.
Published: January 2019

Peer learning involves processes whereby inexperienced persons learn from persons with more experience. Previous research has shown the benefit of peer learning to the rehabilitation process of people with spinal cord injuries and others using a wheelchair, yet discussions of problematic aspects are scant. Thus, the purpose of this article is to highlight two problems with peer learning. By presenting a vignette elaborated from a phenomenologically oriented case study of a wheelchair skills program at a Norwegian rehabilitation unit, the problem of a naive view of empathy and the danger of inflicting symbolic violence are reflected upon. These reflections, though tentative, draw attention to the ethical responsibility of rehabilitation professionals who use peer learning as a part of their intervention.
Children’s Lived Spaces in Suburban Taiwan During the 1960s
Authors: Chiang Mengchun
Published: January 2019

This study aims to portray children’s lived spaces in rural Taiwan during the 1960s. Taiwan started to develop into a prosperous and industrialized country with a stronger and dynamic economy during the 1960s while it maintained an authoritarian, single-party government. Today, Taiwan has transformed into a country that is not only economically developed, but also socially Westernized. The lived spaces of children in suburban Taiwan have gone through a drastic change during the last 50 years. This study attempts to provide descriptions of children’s lived space during the 1960s as a different way that space could be lived in comparison to the present westernized space and gives insights into an Other kind of the lived space of society today. I interviewed two native Taiwanese adults who were about 10 years old during the 1960s. I asked them to draw a picture of their childhood home and to describe their everyday experience in that space. Both participants described a childhood home similar to a traditional san-ho-yuan architecture that has an open space in the center of a three-wing building. The architecture of children’s lived spaces in rural Taiwan during the 60s invites intimate familial encounters, engagements with nature and domestic animals, and communal activities for children. With the narratives of the participants, attention was drawn to how children are living in the present day Taiwanese architecture where they are provided with a separate and distinct lived space that does not allow for close and intimate encounters with adults, other children, and nature. The concluding remark underlies the challenges of forming a sense of identity in the given lived space that children face today.
Faith in Technology: Televangelism and the Mediation of Immediate Experience
Authors: Denson Shane
Published: January 2019

This paper seeks to illuminate the experiential structures implied in the viewing of televangelistic programming – with particular focus on programming of the charismatic faith-healing variety that culminates in the televangelist’s appeal to viewers to “touch the screen” and consummate a communion that transcends the separation implied by the televisual medium. By way of a “techno-phenomenological” analysis of this marginal media scenario, faith-healing televangelism is shown to involve experiential paradoxes that are tied to processes of social marginalization as well. Thus, it is argued, faith-healing televangelism functions as a call to viewers to mount a head-on confrontation with the technological infrastructure of secular modernity and thereby to effect a specifically material negotiation of evangelical culture’s precarious balancing act between an entrenchment in and a self-marginalization from the secular mainstream.
Giving Teaching Back to Education: Responding to the Disappearance of the Teacher
Authors: Biesta Gert J.J.
Published: January 2019

No abstract available. Please see PDF.
Augustine, Wittgenstein, and “the Call” in Mollenhauer’s Forgotten Connections: On Culture and Upbringing
Authors: Friesen Norm , Hamelock Merilee
Published: January 2019

Augustine’s autobiographical Confessions (1909) contains one of the first accounts of a child learning to speak. This account, in turn, is central to Klaus Mollenhauer’s Forgotten Connections: On Culture and Upbringing (1983/in press), a book internationally regarded as one of the most important German contributions to philosophy of education and curriculum theory in the 20th century. This book’s interpretation of Augustine’s description, as well as its divergence from an earlier interpretation by Wittgenstein in his Philosophical Investigations (1953) form the initial focus of this paper, which undertakes close readings of both approaches to Augustine. We argue that Wittgenstein’s account, while quite similar to that of Mollenhauer, arrives at an impasse, particularly insofar as training (Abrichtung), education and upbringing is concerned. In his subsequent attempt to “rescue” Augustine from Wittgenstein’s critique, Mollenhauer develops three highly original notions that are central to his own understanding of upbringing: presentation, representation and Bildsamkeit. Significantly, the divergence of Mollenhauer’s and Wittgenstein’s interpretations also throws into sharp relief Mollenhauer’s particular, dialogical and pedagogical interpretation of “the call,” as it is originally articulated in Augustine.
Mothers and the Phenomenology of the Memorable Photograph
Authors: Yahalom Jonathan
Published: January 2019

This article explores the phenomenology of mothers as they return to memorable photographs.[i] It reviews research on three mothers who articulate the lived experience of photographs, and how such experience might reveal basic ontological aspects of motherhood.  The phenomenology of a mother’s memorable photographs discloses an aporia of human relationships that involves the connectedness she has with her children, and the awareness that her children have become separate individuals. These two themes – separateness and coexistence – are indissolubly at odds. Each constitutes a mother’s potential lived experience of photographs as viewed in front of her. A concluding discussion reviews how each of these contradictory themes provides the necessary context for the other to arise, mutually presupposing the other. [i] The Duquesne University IRB approved the research conducted in this article (Protocol #11-27). The author would like to thank Eva Simms, Patrick Howard, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful feedback while preparing this article. This article is indebted to the three mothers who participated in this research.
Listening to the Literal: Orientations Towards How Nature Communicates
Authors: Blenkinsop Sean , Piersol Laura
Published: January 2019

This paper begins with an assumption that the natural world is literally able to speak. What follows is research around a new place-based, ecological and imaginative public school in Maple Ridge, BC. The school has no building to speak of as there is an attempt being made, as part of the day-to-day pedagogical practice, to listen to the more-than-human as an active voice and co-teacher thereby moving from human teachers/researchers speaking in, about and for the more-than-human towards speaking with and listening to it. Drawing on our lived experience as researchers, theorists, and ecological educators, this paper proposes to draw on the student voices at the Environmental School to posit a series of five distinct orientations.  Each of these orientations is potentially available to us and each offers a different way to understand, attend to and communicate with the natural world. These orientations have implications, if taken seriously, for educational practice and content. In this paper, we focus on clarifying these orientations and anchor them with examples from interviews done over the course of several school years with three different students.  We end the paper by pointing out some of the educational implications that might arise if we are to take these students and, as a result, the proposed orientations seriously.
Encountering the Whole: Remembering Henri Bortoft (1938–2012)
Authors: Seamon David
Published: January 2019

See the PDF for the full text.
Telepresence and Tele-absence: A Phenomenology of the (In)visible Alien Online
Authors: Friesen Norm
Published: January 2019

Proliferating media forms, from tablets to Twitter, are changing communicative practice, delimiting new experiential horizons, and thus providing phenomenological research with novel variations on the experience of self and other. Videoconferencing via Skype or FaceTime offers prominent examples of these changing forms. Despite the use of these communication technologies in both educational contexts and everyday life, educational videoconferencing has been described in the research literature as “a hidden mode of delivery, employing invisible pedagogical techniques.”  In this study I address this situation of simultaneous familiarity, invisibility and uncertainty by focusing particularly on the lived experience of space, the body and eye contact in videoconferencing contexts. This study suggests that the disruption of spatial coherence and power of gaze and mutual gaze are all but unavoidable features of this experience. It concludes by emphasizing the importance forms or expressions of absence, such as the diminution of eye contact, or the importance of not always being perceived as performing or “on” in videoconferencing contexts.
Being-online-in-the-world: A response to the special issue, ‘Being Online’
Authors: Howard Christopher
Published: January 2019

Please see .pdf file.
When I Dance My Walk: A Phenomenological Analysis of Habitual Movement in Dance Practices
Authors: Bergonzoni Carolina
Published: January 2019

In this article, I describe the experience of dancing-a-walk. My specific focus is on the shift that I perceive in my body when I dance-a-walk rather than functionally walking. Following a firstperson perspective, I demonstrate how my experience of practicing dancing-a-walk interrogates the habit of walking and makes it come alive again as an expression of the body. First, I show how the practice of dancing-a-walk challenges the dichotomy between abstract and concrete movement proposed by Maurice Merleau-Ponty in the Phenomenology of Perception. Indeed, dancing-a-walk is an example of a concrete and yet already abstract movement. Then, I turn to concepts such as habits and body memory. By identifying how the perception of my body changes when I dance everyday movements (i.e., walking) versus when I execute such movements functionally, I aim to develop a new perspective on and vocabulary for a phenomenological definition of concrete/abstract movements within the context of dance.
The Feeling of Seeing: Factical Life in Salsa Dance
Authors: Lloyd Rebecca
Published: January 2019

Salsa dancing, a partnered dance premised on the felt sense of connection, is well suited to an exploration of Henry’s radical phenomenology of immanence and Heidegger’s facticity of life. Birthed in social celebratory contexts, salsa carries a particular motile freedom. What matters most is not how the dance movements are created from an outer frame of reference, but the experience of interactive responsiveness that emerges from unanticipated acts of giving life to another. Connecting to one’s partner and exuding a presence filled with life is revealed in an indepth interview with two-time world champion salsa dancer, judge, choreographer and coach, Anya Katsevman. This interview attempts to invoke the kinetic, kinesthetic and affective registers of the lividness and livingness of salsa dancing. As a phenomenological inquiry into factical life, the inter-view is presented not so much as a matter of shared perspectives or viewpoints, but more in the way of an inter-feeling, a practice of life engagement. This affectively-oriented approach provides both promise and challenge to the field of phenomenology. It invites us to delve more deeply into feeling acts of seeing. It also helps us understand how, through attending more fully to acts of seeing, we can increase the intensity with which we feel the upsurge of life.
The Piano
Authors: Wagner Carolyn
Published: January 2019

A pianist experiences the thingness of the piano as an extension of the body. Although contact occurs only through the player’s extremities, the piano invites the use of the whole body to transmit emotion, transport the player into the body and mind of a composer, and transform the pianist’s ability to hear.
Phenomenology of Professional Practices in Education and Health Care: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Bjorbækmo Wenche , Evensen Kristin Vindohl , Groven Karen Synne , Rugseth Gro , Standal Øyvind F.
Published: January 2019

In this article a group of professionals working in education and health care exploreprofessional practices and interactions from a phenomenological perspective, drawing on Maxvan Manen’s conceptualization of the phenomenology of practice and his knowledge interestin understanding and furthering sensitive, caring professional practice. Posing the questionwhat is the meaning of interaction in encounters within education and health care, we lookat practice experiences drawn from close observations and interviews during researchconcerning special needs education, physiotherapy and weight loss programs. Three anecdotesare offered as a way to ‘show,’ rather than interpret, the processes involved. Each anecdote isfollowed by reflections in which we draw on van Manen’s notion of pathic knowledge andNancy’s ideas about co-existence to develop phenomenological insights about temporal,embodied and relational qualities of the phenomenon of interaction in professional practice.Such interaction seems to involve continuous negotiation. It emerges as a process of exchange,a movement back and forth between supporting and letting oneself be supported; betweenconfronting and being confronted; between pushing and being pushed. Moments of active engagement give way to periods of waiting for the other to act. The experience is one ofcontinuous back and forth movement in the relational space in-between.
Vital Powers: Cultivating a Critter Community
Authors: Smith Stephen
Published: January 2019

This paper is based on the eco-pedagogical aspiration to live with domesticated animals in accordance with Alphonso Lingis's Community of those who have nothing in common. I draw uponthis remarkable text as well as Lingis's animal writings in describing moments and movements of pathic community. Such a community in affective affiliation with one another, where symbiotic relations are possible and bodily kinships are exercised, exemplifies what is possible in more rational human communities where domesticating impulses seek to harness the vital powers of coconstitutive life. Of telling significance are predatory threats, the manner in which they appear, and the protectionist responses they occasion. By recasting these threats and responses in terms ofmotional affordances, it may well be possible to move with non-human creatures, both literally and figuratively, beyond the anthropocentric confines of domestication. Animals with whom weappear to have nothing specifically, or in species terms, in common can show us how to cultivate more pathic communities of our own kind.
A Critical View of the Scholarly Discourse on the Israeli-Palestinian Problem
Authors: Aral Berdal
Published: January 2019

The scholarly discourse about Israel has at least two defects. First, although it is a colonial-settler state that has occupied the entirety of the former British Mandate of Palestine, it is still by and large treated as a “normal” state in the literature; and secondly, even the progressive scholars – who are very critical of Israel for is subjugation of Palestinian rights and massive breaches of human rights – have mostly confined their critique to the Palestinian territories occupied during the 1967 War. Therefore, the progressive scholarship ought to adopt a wider view of Israel’s irregular practices by extending its focus to the entirety of territories corresponding to the former Mandate of Palestine and the entirety of the history of the state of Israel in the context of its occupations, colonial policies, ethnic cleansing, population transfers, systematic racism and massive human rights violations against the Palestinian people. This “new” approach also requires, at least in the context of critical academics, an advocacy for multiple sanctions by international institutions, first and foremost, by the United Nations (UN), to be imposed against Israel as was the case with the Apartheid state of South Africa during the Cold War.
A Novel Based On Image Blocking Method To Encrypt-Decrypt Color
Authors: Al-Azzeh Jamil , Zahran Bilal , Alqadi Ziad , Ayyoub Belal , Mesleh Muhammed
Published: January 2019

Encryption of digital color image is the process of conversion original digital color image into an encrypted one to protect the image from hacking or to prevent an authorized person to get the valuable information located in the color image. The process of color image encryption-decryption is very important issue in human activities and here in this paper we will introduce a new simple, efficient and highly secure method to be used for color image encryption-decryption. The proposed method will be tested and implemented, the efficiency parameters of the proposed method will be calculated and will be compared with other methods parameters to prove the efficiency issues of the proposed method.
Percepción de la violencia simbólica en estudiantes universitarias
Authors: Pinzón Estrada Carolina , Armas Guzmán Rosa Carolina , Aponte Valverde María Victoria , Useche Morillo Martha Liliana
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: indagar por la percepción de la violencia simbólica a la que han sido expuestas las estudiantes universitarias por causa de su género y el papel de las universidades en esta problemática.

Metodología: se midió la percepción en cuanto a la existencia y la frecuencia de la violencia simbólica contra estudiantes de las carreras de psicología, enfermería y algunas ingenierías, desde un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo transversal. Participaron 300 mujeres de universidades privadas y públicas.

Resultados: se encontró que cerca del 70% de las encuestadas afirmó nunca haber pasado por una situación de violencia simbólica; el otro 30% expresó haber sido víctima de este tipo de violencia, al menos una vez durante su vida universitaria.

Conclusiones: se cuestiona el papel que desempeña la educación, específicamente, los roles de la docencia-docente, como legitimadoras, reproductoras o transformadoras de estas prácticas sexistas que parecen tan difíciles de erradicar, dado que hacen parte de los procesos formativos por los que la mayoría de seres humanos atraviesa.
Doppler flowmetry in determination and evaluation of blood flow characteristics in anterior abdominal wall vessels during lipoabdominoplasty
Authors: O. V. Panchuk  , V. G. Mishalov  , I. M. Leschishin  , O. I. Ohotskaya  , A. M. Smolnikov
Published: January 2019

The aim — to determine the possibility of using Doppler blood flow in the vessels of the anterior abdominal wall in order to improve the results and develop new methods for treating patients with cosmetic defects of the anterior abdominal wall during lipoabdominoplasty.Materials and methods. Investigation of the vessels of the anterior abdominal wall using Doppler scan was performed in 58 patients. The average age of patients was 38.2 ± 2.8 years. All patients were either obese with grade I, II or overweight (average body mass index 30.2 ± 1.5). Patients were examined in the preoperative period in accordance with the standards of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. All patients had primary lipoabdominoplasty. Doppler flowmetry was performed before surgery and on day 14 after lipoabdominoplasty to assess the blood supply to the anterior abdominal wall.Results and discussion. Most muscle‑skin perforators were located at distance of 5.2 ± 0.3 cm from the median line. In the preoperative period in average 6.12 ± 1.31 perforators were detected in one patient. The average diameter of the vessels was 1.55 ± 0.8 mm. In the postoperative period, 3.25 ± 1.27 perforators with a diameter of 1.68 ± 0.75 mm were detected, which confirms the preservation of arterial branches after surgery. The average diameter of the vessels was 1.68 ± 0.75 mm, which confirms the preservation of the arterial branches after the operation. The increase in vessel caliber was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The average blood flow velocity in the vessels increased by 56 % (from 21.8 ml/min before surgery to 34.3 ml/min after surgery, p < 0.05). Vasodilation changes are explained by a decrease in the blood supply to the tissues caused by surgical trauma, a decrease in the total number of perforators and an overload of the residual vessels.Conclusions. Preoperative determination of perforated vessels helps to estimate the possibilities of resection of the flaps, determine the areas of possible dissection and volume of the entire operation. The risk of complications after abdominoplasty can be reduced by a limited flap dissection and the preservation of perforated vessels in the flap. It has been shown that in the course of lipoabdominoplasty perforation vessels with a diameter of more than 1 mm in periumbilical and upper lateral quadrants are not destroyed. During Doppler study in the postoperative period, an increase in the caliber of the arteries (p < 0.05) and the rate of blood flow in them was found to be 56 % (p > 0.05).
Features of ultrasound changes of veins in case of varicose disease of lower extremities of pregnant and puerperant women
Authors: S. M. Vasyliuk  , B. V. Krysa  , I. V. Dmytriv
Published: January 2019

The aim — to investigate features of venous system alteration in lower extremities during pregnancy and puerperal period using ultrasound Doppler angiography.Materials and methods. The results were analyzed of ultrasound angiography of the venous system of the lower extremities in 54 pregnant women (group I) with varicose veins of the lower extremities and 14 women (group II) after delivery and the end of the lactation period before surgery for varicose disease.Results and discussion. Venous walls are getting thinner and wider in diameter during pregnancy, ostial valve regurgitation with reflux up to 2 — 3 seconds is developing, numerous capillary veins in inguinal region and vulvar lips are appearing along with aneurysmal dilatation of the stem and accessory veins and vein branches that were especially often revealed in case of inherited predisposition to varicose decease. The regression of varicose disease was revealed after the childbirth in comparison with the period of pregnancy.Conclusions. Pregnancy accelerates the development of varicose disease, especially with inherited predisposition. During pregnancy walls of veins are getting thinner, vertical and horizontal refluxes and aneurysmal dilatation are progressing in the areas of venous anastomosis and along the venous trunk. After the childbirth there was a regression of varicose decease, remission of refluxes, veins’ walls recovery. Varicose involution is mainly manifested in proximal segment of thighbone (31.9 %), saphenofemoral junction (24.6 %) and less — in proximal segment of shin‑bone (9.7 %).
Rationale and results of correction of cognitive dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction using a combination of meldonium and gamma-butyrobetaine
Authors: L. G. Voronkov  , A. S. Solonovych  , A. V. Liashenko
Published: January 2019

The aim — to evaluate the effect of the innovative combination of meltedonium and γ‑butyrobetaine (GBB) on the state of cognitive function, quality of life and endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF).Materials and methods. We examined 24 patients with stable CHF and reduced LV EF (< 40 %) of the II — III functional class according to NYHA not older than 75 years who had cognitive impairments identified using standardized testing. All patients underwent general clinical examination using standard methods of psychological testing (Mini‑Mental State Examination (MMSE), Schulte tests, HADS scale, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), self‑assessment by patients of household physical activity using the Duke University questionnaire), ultrasound diagnosis of the vasodilating function of the endothelium of the brachial artery (VDFE BA) using a test with reactive hyperemia. The combination of meldonium with GBB was administered in a dose of 2 capsules three times a day (every 8 hours) for 4 weeks.Results and discussion. After treatment with a combination of meldonium and GBB, we observed a statistically significant improvement in cognitive function indicators on the MMSE scale (p < 0.001), Schulte test (p < 0.001), as well as the quality of life by MLHFQ (p = 0.02). While taking the drug, a significant improvement of the endothelium‑dependent vasodilatory response was observed (p < 0.001). No statistically significant effect of the combination of meldonium and GBB on the level of anxiety (HADS‑A scale) and depression (HADS‑D) was observed.Conclusions. Administration to patients with CHF and decreased LV EF of a fixed combination of meldonium and GBB for 4 weeks in addition to standard basic treatment (angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitor, b‑blocker, mineralcorticoid receptor antagonist, diuretic) was associated with a statistically significant improvement in cognitive tests results (total score by MMSE, Schulte test run time), quality of life by MLHFQ and significant improvement in VDFE BA according to the test with reactive hyperemia.
Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on dynamics of troponin I content in patients with severe forms of acute coronary syndrome during coronary arteries stenting
Authors: S. F. Veremchuk  , D. А.  Dzyuba  , О. A.  Loskutov
Published: January 2019

The aim — to study the dynamics of troponin I level when conducting remote preconditioning in patients with severe clinical forms of acute coronary syndrome during percutaneous coronary recanalization of the infarct‑related artery.Materials and methods. The study involved 58 patients with severe forms of the clinical course of acute coronary syndrome who underwent stenting of the infarct‑related coronary artery. The age of patients ranged from 65.7 to 75.0 years (mean age — 68.2 ± 4.3 years). Among them were 42 men and 16 women. The average duration of anginal status before recanalization was 138.1 ± 11.52 min. Patients were divided into two groups. In the main group (n = 30) we used the method of remote preconditioning; in the control group (n = 28) — medication and interventional treatment according to the protocols adopted by the State Institution «Institute of Нeart of Ministry of Health of Ukraine» and Clinical Hospital «Feofania». Groups were homogeneous and statistically comparable.Results and discussion. The average content of troponin I in the main group was 31.2 ± 2.4 % less than in the control group. The postoperative level of troponin I in patients of the control group with cardiogenic shock was shifted to higher values, and in the main group — to smaller ones: in the main group there were 71.43 % more individuals with troponin I level from 0.44 to 1.0 ng/ml and 66.7 % less patients with troponin I level of more than 4 ng/ml than in the control group.Conclusions. The postoperative level of troponin I in patients with cardiogenic shock in the control group was shifted to higher values, while in the main group it was shifted to smaller values: in the main group there were no cases of an increase in troponin I to more than 4 ng/ml (in the control group there were 20 % of such cases). In the control group there were no patients with the level of troponin I less than 2 ng/ml (in the main group there were 12.5 % of such patients). A statistically significant difference between groups in troponin I content was 2 — 3 ng/ml (56.25 % cases in the main group and 6.7 % in the control group).
TEMPERATURE MODE MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICAL REACTOR
Authors: Невиницын Владимир , Nevinitsyn Vladimir , Лабутин Александр , Labutin Aleksandr , Волкова Галина , Volkova Galina
Published: January 2019

A chemical reactor is one of the common apparatuses in chemical industry. Despite a large number of the works related to automation and control of chemical reactors, the problem of synthesizing control systems that provide the maintenance of optimal modes of their operation remains practically unsolved. This is related to the principal feature of chemical reactors as controlled objects, namely, manifold, non-linearity, and multi-coupling. An outcome from this situation is to develop a physical theory of control, in particular synergetic control theory. The problem of analytical synthesis of nonlinear control law of the chemical reactor temperature regime has been solved. We use the methods of synergetic control theory, simulation methods and methods of computational experiment. The paper deals with continuous stirred tank reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer and cooling jacket. The reactor operates in the polytropic mode. The multistep series-parallel exothermic process is carried out in the reactor. The objective of chemical reactor operation is to obtain the key product of specified concentration. Using the analytical design method of aggregated regulators, a non-linear control algorithm was synthesized, which solves the problem of stabilization of reaction mixture temperature in the apparatus under the action of disturbances on the object. Computer simulation of the object–regulator isolated system showed such properties of synthesized control system as the disturbance invariance, covariance to the given actions, and asymptotic stability.