bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate-Induced Respiratory Challenges: Understanding Allergic Reactions and Asthma Caused by Pollen Allergens
Authors: Malik Sehrish , Malik Sameen Ahmed , Tan Jia Hou , Zia Arifullah
Published: October 2024

‌In recent years, the impact of climate change on our environment has become increasingly evident. Human activities, particularly the rise in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases, are key contributors to this shift. These changes in climate, combined with global warming, have notable effects on weather patterns, influencing the quantity, intensity, and frequency of precipitation. Additionally, climate change is linked to a heightened occurrence of extreme events such as heatwaves, droughts, floods, and hurricanes. A significant concern is the intricate relationship between climate change and respiratory health. In this review, we highlight the association between climate change and respiratory allergies, increased prevalence and severity of asthma, and related allergic diseases. The alterations brought about by climate change significantly contribute to the development of allergic respiratory diseases and asthma. This impact extends to pollen allergies, with changes in their onset, duration, and intensity attributed to climate change. Studies indicate that plants respond to elevated atmospheric CO2 levels with enhanced photosynthesis and reproductive effects, resulting in increased pollen production. Pollen allergies provide valuable insights into the interplay between air pollution and allergic respiratory diseases like rhinitis and asthma. Recognizing the broader health implications, it becomes crucial to address the underlying causes. Implementing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions emerges not only as a pivotal step in mitigating climate change but also as a proactive approach with positive health benefits. The need for a comprehensive strategy is underscored by the interconnectedness of environmental and public health concerns in the face of a changing climate.
Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in Agriculture
Authors: Nasrat Nasrullah , Mukhlish Nasir
Published: October 2024

Climate change is a fact that is happening in most regions of the world, the increase of greenhouse gases (mainly CO2), temperature increase and precipitation fluctuations are among the components of climate change that are the result of agricultural products and in general, the production of the agriculture sector will undergo many changes in the future. It is important to know the effects of this phenomenon on agricultural crops and their effect on the yield of plants, as well as to identify strategies compatible with this phenomenon in the agriculture sector, especially the issues of water consumption, production and ensuring food security in every country. Among the methods adapted to climate change, changes in the type of product and the pattern of cultivation and production by creating cultivars resistant to environmental stresses (drought, salinity and heat). play an important role. In this article, by studying and summarizing reliable global and domestic sources, the effects of climate change on agricultural products from the aspects of thermal stress, increased water demand and the reaction of plants to CO2, in general, the efficiency of water consumption and production in the agricultural sector are identified and discussed also the methods, compatible with a number of solutions in this field have been presented.
Growth Characteristics and Carbon Stock Potential in Horti-Agriculture System under Degraded Land Conditions of Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Bhat Gh.Mohiudin , Benish Fayaz , Nazir Ahmad Pala , Merajudin Dar
Published: October 2024

The present study was carried out with the aim to estimate the growth characteristics and carbon stock potential of different studied agroforestry systems under different crop combination. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications comprising eight treatments. Two intercrops namely, rajmash and moong were intercropped with 4-year-old orchard of peach and apricot planted at spacing of 4m x 4m and 3m x 3m respectively. The results revealed that both rajmash and moong pulses thrived well under the fruit-based agroforestry systems and demonstrated successful cultivation as intercrops with fruit trees. However, among the intercrops tested, rajmash performed better. The growth and yield parameters of the fruit trees were observed to be better in the agroforestry system than in the control (sole cropping) conditions. The maximum amount of tree carbon density was recorded in agro-forestry system than control (only fruit trees). It was found that the treatment, T3 (Apricot + Rajmash) recorded significantly highest value (8.71 t ha-1) of the tree carbon density confined to (5.84 t ha-1) for T6 control (only Peach). Hence these systems are fruitful in terms of food production, soil improvement and carbon stock and can be replicated in other parts of Himalaya.
Estudo Prospectivo sobre Biossensores de Aplicação Militar
Authors: Marson Runer Augusto , Guimarães Ricardo Wagner Amorim
Published: October 2024

O monitoramento remoto por meio de biossensores acoplados ao corpo humano durante atividade na doutrina militar é fundamental para o acompanhamento do estado de sáude do soldado. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a utilização de sensores fisiológicos acoplados ao corpo humano. Para responder esta finalidade foi utilizado o método de revisão integrativa e de análise de prospecção tecnológica. Após esta averiguação foi identificado um aumento tanto nas publicações quanto nos depósitos de patentes a partir do século XX. Nestas inserções de patentes os Estados Unidos da América detém o maior número de depósitos e de publicações. Contudo, um crescente campo de estudo e de inovação está associado aos sensores neurofisiológicos aplicados em demandas militares operacionais.
Parceria AMAN-UNITAU
Authors: MOURA ANDERSON LIMA DE , BUSSOLOTTI Juliana Marcondes , CUNHA Virginia Mara Próspero da , CARVALHO NETO Cassiano Zeferino de
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa das dissertações de mestrado dos oficiais-alunos do Curso de Mestrado Profissional em Educação da UNITAU, participantes do programa de Capacitação do Corpo Permanente da AMAN. A metodologia de pesquisa apoiou-se nos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos da Revisão Integrativa, com suporte do software IRaMuTeq, que serviu de ferramenta de apoio na sistematização e análise dos conteúdos e dados por meio de representações Estatísticas Textuais, Análise de Especificidades, Análise Fatorial de Correspondência, Método da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, Análise de Similitude e Nuvem de Palavras. Esta abordagem metodológica possibilitou oferecer um panorama sobre o que está sendo produzido no âmbito da parceria AMAN-UNITAU, identificando os principais temas, referenciais teóricos e metodológicos aplicados, bem como, os resultados obtidos pelos pesquisadores, oferecendo novos caminhos e olhares para o aprofundamento e a complementação de futuras pesquisas no Ensino Superior Militar, na AMAN e na UNITAU.
Um Estudo Sobre a Implementação do Software Combat Mission no Ensino Militar Bélico
Authors: Geraldo Neto Jerson , Borges da Silva Gildson
Published: October 2024

A simulação tem sido amplamente utilizada como ferramenta de ensino em diversas áreas, inclusive na formação militar. No entanto, alguns simuladores virtuais utilizados atualmente apresentam limitações que prejudicam o aprendizado adequado de ações de comando e controle pelos cadetes. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a eficácia do software Combat Mission em relação aos simuladores atuais na formação militar bélica, por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória qualitativa, avaliando aspectos referentes à usabilidade e às capacidades disponíveis para realização de tarefas específicas. Dessa maneira, identificou-se que o Combat Mission apresenta vantagens em relação aos softwares atuais, como melhor capacidade de execução de cenários virtuais voltados para o Comando e Controle de frações militares. Por outro lado, também foram identificadas algumas desvantagens, como na elaboração de terrenos realistas e na pouca diversidade de viaturas e equipamentos. Em geral, os resultados sugerem que o Combat Mission pode ser uma alternativa viável e eficaz para a formação militar bélica, desde que utilizada de forma adequada.
A Espada do Oficialato Moderno como Objeto de Poder Simbólico
Authors: Gomes Wellington Ferreira
Published: October 2024

Ao longo das guerras da humanidade, o homo militaris sempre elaborou objetos de uso bélico para submeter homens, povos e nações no decurso do seu processo histórico, contudo, um desses objetos marcou a história das civilizações, a saber, a espada militar. Ao longo de sua existência, a espada tornou-se um instrumento de grande interesse histórico e arqueológico, mais do que qualquer outro instrumento militar, visto que sua perenidade só encontra paralelo à sua universalidade, uma vez que a espada foi uma arma de guerra empregada tanto por nações orientais, quanto ocidentais. Face a isso, seria demasiadamente simplista pensar que a espada do oficialato moderno tenha, nos dias atuais, um papel exclusivo para solenidades e cerimônias militares. Desse modo, o presente artigo científico tem por escopo discorrer a respeito das possíveis motivações que levaram a oficialidade, enquanto estamento militar, a escolher a espada como seu objeto de poder simbólico.
Capacidades e Vulnerabilidades dos Exércitos no Combate à Pandemia
Authors: Ribeiro António , Gomes Paulo , Santos Renato
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa visa aprofundar a resposta do Exército Português à pandemia de coronavírus, com um foco direcionado para o apoio logístico prestado. A abordagem metodológica adotada abrangeu a realização de três estudos de caso em distintos países, incluindo Portugal, com semelhanças na doutrina logística aplicada. A metodologia compreendeu uma estratégia de pesquisa qualitativa que combinou revisão de literatura especializada com entrevistas realizadas junto das entidades envolvidas no suporte logístico providenciado pelo Exército Português. Os principais resultados obtidos apontam para a necessidade de uma maior coordenação dos esforços por parte do Exército Português, identificando-se igualmente potencialidades e vulnerabilidades significativas na sua resposta durante a pandemia.
A Média Geométrica como Medida de Desempenho Escolar
Authors: Campos Leoni Roberto , Freitas Pinto Bruno , Camillo Diego
Published: October 2024

A média aritmética (MA) é tradicionalmente utilizada como medida de tendência central para classificar alunos, mas apresenta limitações como a influência de valores extremos e a não consideração da regularidade das notas. Este artigo propõe um método alternativo de classificação que valoriza o desempenho regular do discente ao longo do curso e reduz o impacto de notas extremas. Através de um estudo quantitativo descritivo com simulação, comparou-se o método tradicional com o uso da média harmônica e geométrica. Os resultados revelaram mudanças significativas na classificação final dos alunos, demonstrando que a média geométrica é a mais adequada para valorizar alunos com bom desempenho e destacar os mais regulares em relação às notas. O estudo contribui para a área de concentração em defesa nacional, abrindo espaço para pesquisas futuras sobre o impacto da regularidade do desempenho na formação de profissionais nesse campo.
Desconforto Musculoesquelético em Pilotos de Combate da Força Aérea Brasileira
Authors: Charleaux Vanessa , Calderaro Calvo Adriano Percival , Sá Paula Morisco de
Published: October 2024

Muitos são os riscos ocupacionais inerentes a aviação que podem estar associados ao desenvolvimento de desconfortos musculoesqueléticos e lesões. A atividade operacional do piloto na cabine da aeronave é complexa, é necessário que ele execute tarefas simultâneas, expondo-os a riscos físicos além das demandas inerentes da aviação operacional militar. Objetivos: Descrever a prevalência de desconforto musculoesquelético em pilotos militares de transporte da Força Aérea Brasileira e suas possíveis associações com os parâmetros biométricos, horas de voo e frequência de prática de atividade física. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo, com amostra composta por pilotos militares de aeronave de transporte. Como instrumentos foram utilizados questionários de autopreenchimento para caracterização da história ocupacional, perfil de atividade física e histórico de desconforto físico. Resultados: Um total de 26 pilotos foram incluídos no estudo. A frequência de atividade física em média 4,3 ± 1,59 vezes por semana, 46,15% dos sujeitos foram classificados como muito ativos. Na avaliação de desconforto, os segmentos corporais mais frequentes foram: costas inferior com 73,1%, seguido da cervical com 42,2 % e pescoço com 34,6 % dos resultados. Conclusão: Os desconfortos da coluna vertebral, cervical e lombar, foram os com maior prevalência observados na população analisada, com a intensidade dor variando de leve a desconforto intenso. Apesar da amostra ter sido caracterizada como jovem e ativa quanto a prática de atividade física, a presença de desconforto se fez presente.
L’art de l’amitié chez Montaigne : une pratique poétique, sociale et utopique de l’écriture
Authors: Tuduri Claude
Published: October 2024

Les Essais façonnent un art de l’amitié inséparable d’une certaine forme d’écriture et de modernité. Il appelle en effet à tempérer la radicalité des appartenances politiques et religieuses. Aimer l’autre comme soi-même, c’est distinguer les dérives violentes des communautarismes d’une relation intersubjective salutaire. À travers la figure de l’ami de prédilection, Étienne de La Boétie, Montaigne peut voir se révéler en lui « la forme entière de l’humaine condition ». À la parole unificatrice de l’amitié succède le deuil de l’autre et le temps de l’écriture. Cependant, avec lui, la relecture de l’histoire collective et individuelle dévoile une « arrière-boutique », la poétique irréductible d’un « je » protéiforme et dialogique capable de résister à la « servitude volontaire » mais aussi à tout scepticisme de l’autre : non plus un ami exclusif, mais des amis, un corps social et utopique.
High-skilled migration and the knowledge society. Theories, processes, perspectives
Authors: Pastore Gerardo , Tomei Gabriele
Published: October 2024

The recent economic crisis has led to an upswing in migration from the Mediterranean countries of Europe towards its central and northern development hubs. This overall increase in migration also includes high numbers of the so-called skilled migrants, consisting mainly, though not exclusively, of young people moving within Europe for study or specialisation, or seeking employment that matches their skills profile. It is no coincidence then that this new trend for skilled migration within Europe forms the main thrust of the cognitive and research interests of sociologists, economists and migration geographers. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the theoretical debate on skilled migration in the context of what is perhaps too hastily defined as a ?knowledge society?, through a broad and systematic critical analysis of the scientific literature.
Una más de la familia. Au pairs atrapadas entre el capital humano y la economía moral
Authors: Muñoz Rodríguez David , Santos Ortega Juan Antonio
Published: October 2024

En las sociedades contemporáneas asistimos a una expansión de los mensajes del capital humano. Estos mensajes tienen como dimensión central la idea del empresario de sí mismo, la cual implica una profundización en las lógicas de la activación, a la vez que desdibuja las relaciones salariales. En este escenario, las personas jóvenes con titulación universitaria están siendo un blanco predilecto en la ofensiva del capital humano. La penetración de estos mensajes del capital humano es posible observarla en los discursos de las y los jóvenes universitarios que se han visto forzados a salir del país durante la crisis. En el presente texto nos aproximamos a los discursos de mujeres jóvenes que salieron como AU PAIRS. Las características de esta figura la ubican en un espacio a medio camino entre la formación y el empleo, con una escasa protección y con unas condiciones que en algunos casos rayan la explotación. A través de los relatos de estas mujeres exploramos los rasgos que quizá están prefigurando las condiciones laborales a las que parece abocar el neoliberalismo.
Cuando la historia está presente: Argumentos a favor de la sociología histórica
Authors: Box Zira , Latorre Catalán Marta , Romero Ramos Héctor
Published: October 2024

La sociología y la historia han mantenido una relación discontinua y una discusión permanente. La sociología clásica es indiscutiblemente histórica pero, tras los primeros intentos de síntesis, el diálogo entre ambas disciplinas se apagó y, con frecuencia, ha habido que defender la necesidad de la mirada histórica en sociología desde los márgenes de los sucesivos paradigmas dominantes. A pesar de ello, como especialidad o subdisciplina, la sociología histórica ha consolidado un espacio académico propio y un cuerpo teórico, metodológico y conceptual sustantivo. En España, sin embargo, ese proceso de institucionalización no se ha producido aún. En este artículo exponemos una serie de argumentos en defensa de la sociología histórica, tanto de orden teórico como por la vigencia de su agenda científica.
La relevancia de la investigación social a nivel local para el diseño de políticas municipales: el diagnóstico social de la ciudad de Valencia
Authors: Ramírez Rangel J. Verónica , Lorente Campos Raúl
Published: October 2024

Presentamos algunos de los resultados obtenidos con la investigación ?Diagnóstico Social de la Ciudad de València, 2017?, realizada en el marco de un convenio de colaboración entre el Ayuntamiento de València, a través de la Concejalía de Servicios Sociales y del Servicio de Bienestar Social e Integración y la Universitat de València (Red Incluye). Uno de los rasgos más relevantes de la investigación fue su enfoque local, territorial y subterritorial en el desarrollo metodológico y técnico de la investigación al estarorientada a proporcionar información actualizada, inédita y relevante para las funciones del personal técnico de las once áreas de los Centros Municipales de Servicios Sociales (CMSS). El diagnóstico consta de dos fases. En la primera se realizó un análisis de las principales tendencias socio demográficas en cada área de los CMSS, periodo 2003-2016. La segunda fase fue elaborada en base a una encuesta, elaborada por el equipo de investigación, realizada en 1.676 hogares de la ciudad de Valencia entre los meses de abril a julio del 2017. Con once submuestras independientes para cada área de CMSS. Los resultados aportan una visión en el espacio local-urbano de la ciudad de València de los procesos de polarización y agudización de las desigualdades sociales, caracterizados por la consolidación de áreas en donde los efectos de la crisis económica han sido prácticamente imperceptibles y otros donde se observa una concentración de la población en situación de riesgo pobreza y vulnerabilidad relacionada tanto con la cristalización de largos procesos de exclusión como con el surgimiento de ?nuevos perfiles? de vulnerabilidad.
Estar al otro lado de la mesa. Profesionales de los servicios públicos de empleo ante los dilemas de la activación laboral
Authors: Pozo-Cuevas Federico
Published: October 2024

Bajo el paradigma de la activación, la labor de los servicios públicos de empleo (SPE) ha acabado reconfigurada por dos niveles de contractualización. por un lado, el de la colaboración de la administración con una red de agentes en el entramado de programas que forman las políticas activas de empleo. por otro, el del acceso por parte de la persona desempleada a una oferta compartimentada de servicios cuyo uso implica aceptar que la responsabilidad de encontrar trabajo es individual. esta doble contractualización expresa la redefinición a la baja de la responsabilidad pública frente al problema del desempleo que supone la activación. este trabajo analiza cómo revierte esta reconfiguración en los profesionales a quienes se dirige la población desempleada en demanda de apoyo. pone de manifiesto, para el caso de Andalucía, los dilemas que tensionan su labor diaria y los expone a la desafección de su público usuario.
«Mentre la música dura?». Sobre la relació de música i demencia. Processos d?aprenentatge més enllà dels arranjaments clàssics
Authors: Alheit Peter
Published: October 2024

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Tiempos felices: Transformaciones en las tecnologías psicológicas de gobierno de la subjetividad
Authors: Martínez Guzmán Antar
Published: October 2024

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Rompé tus barreras: Un análisis sobre el uso del coaching ontológico en la plataforma de entrenamiento de Nike en Buenos Aires
Authors: Álvaro Daniel , Hijós Nemesia
Published: October 2024

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Cuerpos de energía: Formas alternativas de ser-en-el-mundo
Authors: Gracia Agustina
Published: October 2024

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La gestión en educación física. Dos modelos de gestión, el mismo individuo
Authors: Lescano Agustín
Published: October 2024

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El rol del modelo de las competencias en la reconfiguración meritocrática de las pautas de negociación salarial en empresas argentinas: continuidades y rupturas desde la convertibilidad hasta la actualidad
Authors: Szlechter Diego , Battistini Osvaldo Rubén
Published: October 2024

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Apreciarse, o las aspiraciones del capital humano
Authors: Feher Michel
Published: October 2024

El capital humano es al neoliberalismo lo que el trabajador libre de Marx era respecto al capitalismo liberal, a saber: el sujeto al mismo tiempo presupuesto y movilizado por las institucions encargadas de su gobierno. Esta es la hipótesis que pretendemos defender aquí y la razón que explica que «capital humano» sea el nombre más apropiado para describir la condición neoliberal. El trabajador libre es un espacio escindido: entre su subjetividad inalienable y su fuerza de trabajo, constituida para ser alquilada; entre las aspiraciones constitutivas de su vida espiritual y los intereses que gobiernan su vida material; entre la esfera de la reproducción de la fuerza de trabajo y la esfera de la producción de mercancías. Por otro lado, el capital humano no implica —de ninguna manera— un corte entre las esferas de la producción y la reproducción, pues lo que se moviliza es el stock de competencias innatas y adquiridas inmanentes al sujeto. Su uso producirá un rendimiento —monetario o de otro tipo—, y su valorización dependerá de todo lo que el sujeto logre y de todo lo que le ocurra (en cualquier registro existencial). En otras palabras, mi capital humano soy yo, en tanto que stock de competencias o portfolio de conductas en busca de apreciación. Siguiendo esta definición, nos preguntamos en qué medida una política de izquierdas podría aprovechar esta subjetividad neoliberal, de la misma manera que, en su momento, el movimiento obrero aprendió a hacer uso de la condición del trabajador libre.
El colectivo LGTBI+ en el deporte español: inclusión e investigación en la actualidad
Authors: Gil-Quintana Javier
Published: October 2024

La actividad físico-deportiva mejora la calidad de vida y tiene beneficios directos en la salud de las personas. Estos son especialmente importantes para poblaciones con alto riesgo de exclusión social ya que su salud tiende a ser peor que la del resto de la población (Morgan et al., 2007; Van Bergen et al., 2018). Las personas lesbianas, gays, trans, bisexuales, intersexuales y queer (LGBTIQ) son un grupo socialmente excluido que sufre discriminación y acoso (Devís-Devís et al., 2017) y para ellas la actividad físico-deportiva puede ser una manera de aumentar su bienestar en el plano físico, psicológico y social.  Según la literatura especializada, el deporte y especialmente los equipos deportivos LGTBIQ+ son ámbitos que proporcionan apoyo y bienestar a este colectivo (Lucas-Carr y Krane, 2012). No obstante, a pesar de los beneficios que reporta la actividad física, las personas diversas tienden a encontrarse con barreras que dificultan la práctica como por ejemplo la homonegatividad, la binegatividad y la transnegatividad (Denison y Kitchen, 2015; Smith et al., 2012). Las personas LGTBIQ+ en el deporte sufren experiencias negativas, discriminación, acoso verbal, aislamiento social, pérdida de apoyo o atención negativa de los medios de comunicación (Barber y Krane, 2007; NUS, 2012; Symons et al., 2017). Existe estudios escasos que exploren la participación y las experiencias de las personas LGTBI+ en el deporte. Este artículo busca mostrar la situación del colectivo y concretamente en territorio español. En él se presentan el marco legal del deporte en el país y algunas iniciativas adoptadas para promover la inclusión por parte de las entidades. Asimismo, muestra resultados descriptivos de la investigación actual de la primera red investigación estatal sobre deporte LGTBI+ y algunas propuestas de actuación para favorecer la inclusión del colectivo en el deporte.
Kesintasan Pasien Karsinoma Hepatoselular: Sebuah Studi Komprehensif tentang Pengaruh Awitan Dini versus Lambat dan Faktor Determinannya
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia – RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, Achmad Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The prognosis for patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is generally poor because most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Several studies indicate that HCC is more prevalent and has a worse prognosis among younger individuals. This study aims to identify and compare the variations in survival rates between early and late-onset HCC patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and investigate the factors that impact survival outcomes in both groups. Methods. Retrospective cohort study of HCC patients registered in HCC registry 2015-2022. Survival was visualized using Kaplan-Meier curves. Prognostic factor variables in the Cox Proportional Hazard Regression analysis by backward method in the final model became independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Results. There were 896 subjects. Patients with early onset had a median survival of 2.0 months (95% CI 1.0-2.9), while late-onset patients had a median survival of 4.0 months (95% CI 3.4-4.5) (p=0.021). During the observation period, the incidence of death in early onset was found to be higher compared to late onset (92.9% vs. 87.7%, p 0.032). In the multivariate analysis for early onset, hypertension comorbidity and lack of hepatitis treatment were prognostic factors increasing the risk of death with [HR 3.7 (95% CI: 1.0-12.7)] and [HR 2.4 (95% CI: 0.9-6.2)] (p=0.053). In the multivariate analysis for late onset, prognostic factors increasing the risk of death include AFP levels ≥200 ng/mL [HR 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0-1.5)], liver cirrhosis [HR 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0-1.3)], AJCC stage 4 as the most advanced stage [HR 4.5 (95% CI: 2.2-8.9)], supportive therapy [HR 5.2 (95% CI: 3.9-6.8)], and palliative therapy [HR 1.6 [95% CI: 1.2-2.2)]. Conclusion. The median survival of early-onset HCC patients is lower compared to late-onset ones because the majority are not given curative treatment. Independent prognostic factors in early-onset are hypertension and hepatitis treatment, while in late-onset AFP levels, liver cirrhosis, AJCC stage, and therapy are given.
Fluid mechanics of luminal transport in actively contracting endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Htet Pyae Hein , Avezov Edward , Lauga Eric
Published: October 2024

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), the largest cellular compartment, harbours the machinery for the biogenesis of secretory proteins and lipids, calcium storage/mobilisation, and detoxification. It is shaped as layered membranous sheets interconnected with a network of tubules extending throughout the cell. Understanding the influence of the ER morphology dynamics on molecular transport may offer clues to rationalising neuro-pathologies caused by ER morphogen mutations. It remains unclear, however, how the ER facilitates its intra-luminal mobility and homogenises its content. It has been recently proposed that intra-luminal transport may be enabled by active contractions of ER tubules. To surmount the barriers to empirical studies of the minuscule spatial and temporal scales relevant to ER nanofluidics, here we exploit the principles of viscous fluid dynamics to generate a theoretical physical model emulating
in silico
the content motion in actively contracting nanoscopic tubular networks. The computational model reveals the luminal particle speeds, and their impact in facilitating active transport, of the active contractile behaviour of the different ER components along various time-space parameters. The results of the model indicate that reproducing transport with velocities similar to those reported experimentally in single particle tracking would require unrealistically high values of tubule contraction site length and rate. Considering further nanofluidic scenarios, we show that width contractions of the ER’s flat domains (perinuclear sheets) generate local flows with only a short-range effect on luminal transport. Only contractions of peripheral sheets can reproduce experimental measurements, provided they are able to contract fast enough.
Ensuring reliability in electronic examinations through UPPAAL-based trustworthy design
Authors: Zhou Wenbo , Zhao Yujiao , Zhang Ye , Mu Liwen , Wang Yiyuan , Yin Minghao
Published: October 2024

Electronic examination serves as an efficient method for assessing learning outcomes, yet the integration of computers into exam processes introduces potential for unreliability. In this article, we propose a formal model for electronic examinations using timed automata, providing a structured approach to understanding and managing the complexities. The electronic examination process is modeled by defining four UPPAAL templates, i.e., candidate, administrator, invigilator, and examiner. Crucial properties specific to electronic examination are encoded as specifications in UPPAAL. Verification against these properties demonstrates the validity and reliability of this model. The modelable and verifiable electronic examination designed with UPPAAL suggests great potential for deeper exploration in trustworthy digital education.
Reliability and reproducibility of an Italian questionnaire on “Knowledge of high social impact Eye Diseases” (KED-IT)
Authors: Iannucci Valeria , Bruscolini Alice , Melchiorre Tiziano , Lambiase Alessandro , Mannocci Alice
Published: October 2024

Background

Health literacy plays an important role in public health. Although this has been demonstrated in the field of ophthalmology, there are very few specific instruments available to assess eye health literacy. This work aims to develop an Italian questionnaire on knowledge of eye diseases (Knowledge on Eye Disease, Italian version; KED-IT) and to evaluate its reliability and reproducibility. The KED-IT focuses on diseases with high social impact, specifically glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and keratoconus, which is the main cause of corneal transplant in Italy.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted. The KED-IT was self-administered by the study participants twice. The interval between each administration (T0 and T1) was 5 to 8 days. Reliability was assessed using the KR-20 coefficient. The test-retest Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was estimated to measure the stability and reproducibility of the results obtained between T0 and T1.

Results

A total of 60 subjects participated in the study. The response rate at T1 was 92%. The KR-20 reliability coefficient of the 14-item KED-IT questionnaire was good with a value of 0.878. The Cohen’s kappa value for all 14 items of the KED-IT questionnaire was k = 0.747, indicating good agreement.

Conclusions

The KED-IT is the first specific ophthalmic knowledge questionnaire validated in the Italian language and we hope that it may be a starting point for the study of eye health literacy in the Italian population.
Comparison of the Mini-plate and Mini-screw for Retraction of Anterior Teeth in Severe Bimaxillary Protrusion Cases with Extraction of First Bicuspids: A Protocol for Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Pareek Aditya Vikram , Daigavane Pallavi , Kamble Ranjit
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment of severe Bi-maxillary protrusion cases involves extractions of all four premolars to provide space for anterior teeth retraction. Over the years different methods of retraction have been developed for individual tooth retraction and en-masse anterior teeth retraction utilising different types of mechanics for retraction purposes. Anchorage consideration has been a problem because of anchor loss, but it has been overcome by utilising absolute anchorage with Temporary Anchorage Devices (TAD). Need for the study: The TAD devices mini plates and miniscrew have been Known for providing absolute anchorage for retraction purposes but there has been limited evidence to prove which TAD device is better in terms of time taken for retraction and external root resorption. Therefore, the present clinical study aims to determine the superior treatment method using the two devices based on duration in terms of time taken and amount of retraction achieved in the specified time. Aim: Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of miniplate and mini-screw for retraction of anterior teeth in severe bimaxillary protrusion cases with extraction of Ist bicuspids. Materials and Methods: A split-mouth randomised controlled trial will be carried out in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Sawangi, Wardha, from October 2024 to March 2026 with a total of 11 subjects. The sample will be selected from the Outpatient Department based on the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed written consent will be gathered from all participants. The patient sample will be divided into two groups: Group-A: will receive a mini screw (control group) and Group-B: will receive a mini-plate (experimental group). The statistical analysis for comparing the en-mass rate of retraction of anterior teeth (mm) in the allocated groups will be done using the Mann-Whitney test, and student’s t-test, with the significance level set at 5%.
Evaluation of Three Different Behaviour Management Strategies for Dental Management of Highly Anxious Children: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Nair Sneha Madhu , Nene Krishnapriya , Mathur Aditi , Tirupathi Sunnypriyatham , Khan Haniya , Godbole Neil , Patil Prachi
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Children often experience anxiety and behavioural issues when exposed to dental stimuli such as the sight, sound, and sensation of the airotor. Behaviour modification techniques that involve familiarising children with dental equipment and procedures can help reduce this anxiety. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of three behaviour management techniques: Tell-Show-Do (TSD), Tell-show-play-do (TSPD), and a smartphone dental game application in managing Dental Fear and Anxiety (DFA) in children aged 4-8 years. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical study included 60 children aged 4-8 years who required Class-I restorations (ICDAS Code 2 and Code 3) in maxillary or mandibular molars. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: TSD (n=20), TSPD (n=20), or the smartphone dental game app (n=20). Preoperative anxiety levels were assessed using the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule Scale-Dental Subscale (CFSSDS). Anxiety levels were evaluated pre- and postoperatively using the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS-f) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Physiological parameters, including pulse rate and SpO2 levels, were measured before and after treatment. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests for pulse rate, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for VAS and MCDAS-f scores, Kruskal-Wallis tests for intergroup comparisons, and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Data were analysed using SPSS version 27.00. Results: The TSPD group exhibited a significantly greater reduction in dental anxiety compared to the TSD (p=0.01) and smartphone dental game groups (p=0.05), as evidenced by MCDAS-f (p<0.001) and VAS scores (16.7%). Physiological parameters indicated significant changes in the TSPD group, with a notable decrease in pulse rate post-treatment (p=0.014) and the lowest mean SpO2 level (96.55). One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests confirmed significant anxiety reduction in the TSPD group both before (p=0.048) and after treatment (p=0.009). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrated a substantial decrease in DFA, with 16.7% of children in the TSPD group no longer experiencing anxiety post-intervention (p<0.001). These findings underscore the superior efficacy of the TSPD technique in managing DFA. Conclusion: Among the three techniques, the TSPD technique was the most effective overall, while the TSD technique was the least effective. It is crucial for paediatric dentists to employ child-friendly and pain-free methods to improve children’s behaviour during dental treatments.
Impact of Walking Speed on Risk of Fall among Stroke Patients assessed using Cognitive Motor Dual Task: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Babu V Aiswarya , Alagingi Nityal Kumar
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Fall is a common complication of stroke. People must use both their higher cognitive abilities and their motor skills simultaneously in everyday situations. Falling is much more likely to occur when performing multiple tasks requires continuous attention. Implementing a Cognitive Motor Dual Task (CMDT) might give more accurate information regarding how stroke survivors function throughout daily activities. Aim: To identify the walking speed in stroke patients using CMDT and to determine the impact of walking speed on risk of fall. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 23 Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) stroke patients with and without the risk of fall according to morse fall scale were included from Justice KS Hedge Charitable Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India from March 2023 to March 2024. After which the selected participants performed CMDT, the step count and time taken to complete the test was recorded using a pedometer and stop watch, the total and correct number of cognitive responses was recorded manually. The walking speed was calculated in m/ sec. Based on the outcome measures of the present study; the statistical analysis was performed. Data collected was analysed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 29.0. To compare the data Independent sample t-test, One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used. Results: The study participants consisted of an average age of 54.6±14.8 years. Individuals categorised as low-risk exhibited a mean walking speed of 0.238±0.014 m/sec, while those in the moderate risk group had a mean walking speed of around 0.211±0.024 m/sec and individuals at high-risk showed a lower mean walking speed of approximately 0.177±0.020 m/sec. The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in walking speeds among the risk groups, with an F-value of 15.486 and a p-value less than 0.001. Conclusion: The study showed that walking speed will impact the risk of fall in stroke patients while performing CMDT. The time and step count are more in patients with high fall risk compared to patients with low fall risk therefore, walking speed is reduced in patients with high-risk of fall.
Indolent Yet Intriguing: High-grade Solid Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Singh Dipti , Gurwale Sushama , Dharwadkar Arpana , Gore Charusheela R
Published: October 2024

Breast Solid Papillary Carcinoma (SPC) is an uncommon malignancy that primarily affects elderly women, with an incidence of 1-2%. It is morphologically characterised by well-defined nodules with low-grade nuclear features, which are associated with fibrovascular cores and neuroendocrine development. Although SPC can be invasive or in-situ, the prognosis is generally quite good. Its morphology can mimic several precancerous conditions, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. Distinguishing this tumour from its various morphological equivalents is more straightforward when an appropriate Immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel is utilised. A 45-year-old woman presented with a retroareolar mass in her right breast. Sono-mammography revealed a firm, incompressible mass with irregular borders, calcifications, cystic changes, and necrosis. A right-side simple mastectomy was performed, and the tumour was diagnosed as triple-negative high-grade SPC of the breast with focal invasion. The tumour’s origin was ruled out, and the diagnosis was confirmed by a prominent histopathologist. This report discusses a case of SPC, emphasising invasion patterns and evaluating previous knowledge.
OPERATIONAL VARIABLES INFLUENCING TEAM EFFECTIVENESS, CULTURE, AND LEADERSHIP IN THE NIGERIAN OIL AND GAS PROJECT ENVIRONMENT
Authors: UMUTEME Oghenethoja M. , ADEGBITE Waliu M.
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the important factors influencing team effectiveness, culture, and leadership in the oil and gas project environment. The study focuses on four controlling variables: cross-culture, organizational culture, path-goal leadership, and team effectiveness. Cross-cultural dynamics greatly affect team dynamics, decision-making, conflict resolution, and project delivery. Organizational culture stresses collective learning and its impact on team members' mindsets. Path-goal leadership clarifies goals and provides support. Effective project teams collaborate, have strong leadership, and integrate individual viewpoints. The study provides valuable insights for Nigerian oil and gas industry project leaders to improve project outcomes aligned with organizational goals. Structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques are employed for data analysis, with the sample size determined based on SEM guidelines. PLS-SEM and CB-SEM approaches are compared, with CB-SEM achieving a higher coefficient of determination. The research suggests that achievement-oriented leadership behaviour and collaborative team processes are essential factors in defining key performance indicators (KPI) for project success.
CHANGES IN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM DEVELOMPENT INDEX METHODOLOGY
Authors: VAŠANIČOVÁ Petra
Published: October 2024

Measuring indicators of tourism development is crucial for formulating effective tourism policies. The Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) is intrinsically linked to the measurement of tourism development indicators. It provides the essential data and analysis needed for creating effective, sustainable, and competitive tourism policies, thereby maximizing the benefits of tourism while minimizing its adverse impacts. The TTDI has been published twice since its inception in 2021. Notably, the methodology for compiling the TTDI has changed to enhance its accuracy and relevance This paper aims to identify the degree of agreement between the new and the original calculation methodology in the TTDI values achieved by countries. In addition, we show the values achieved concerning the region in which the country is located and concerning the income group. Moreover, we quantify differences in the country’s ranking between the original and new rankings within TTDI. The findings indicate that even with the revised methodology for calculating the TTDI, the values attained by the countries exhibit a strong correlation.
Determinants of Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) Prevalence in the Central Region of Ghana
Authors: Gyaase Philip , Aanienang Eugene Kpinee , Mensah Peggy , Adzordor Patience , Tweneboah Samuel Kwame , Amoakoaa Evelyn Aidoo , Bawammah Lambon Wisdom , Acheampong Emmanuel Boateng , Eshun Emmanuel Kwesi , Sampson David Ben
Published: October 2024

Background: A lot of interventions have targeted to reduce exposure to HIV risk factors however HIV continues to affect millions of people. The purpose of the study was to assess the determinants of HIV prevalence in the Central Region of Ghana.
Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted in six hospitals in the Central Region from March to July, 2024. Stratified and census sampling techniques were used to select respondents who came for HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) at the health facilities. A structured questionnaire was used to take data from 423 clients accessing HIV counselling and testing services. Bivariate analysis was used to identify the sociodemographic factors associated with HIV prevalence in the region.
Results: Majority of the respondents 416(98.3%) were HIV negative while 7(1.65%) were positive making the prevalence rate in the region to be 1.65%. On the determinants of HIV, the following variables were associated with the HIV prevalence: Age and marital status were statistically significant (p-value <0.001) the rest of the variables were not statistically significant as p-values were above 0.05 significance level.
Conclusion: The HIV prevalence rate in the Central Region is lower than the national and global prevalence rates. The factors that were linked to the prevalence of HIV included age and marital of the respondents. The study concludes that though the prevalence of HIV in the region is low the youth and married individuals have contributed to the level of HIV in the region. However measures should still be put in place to eliminate the condition from the region and this will help to achieve the SDG 3.
Estimating Plant Available Water Using Pedotransfer Function Classes to Better Address Water Stress in Agriculture and Forestry in Togo
Authors: Bokobana Atalaèsso , Hodabalo Kamou , Gnanwasou Alayi , Essossimna Magamana , Kporliawornou Ledi Kwassi , Komi Odah , Masamaéya Gnazou Dadja-Toyou , Koffi Tozo
Published: October 2024

Plant available water (PAW) also known as total available water (TAW) - the amount of water that the soil can store and return to plants for their physiological needs – is the essential parameter of soil water balance models, which are themselves integrated into crop growth and orientation models (crop type, rotation, estimation of production potential) and in irrigation decision-making tools (irrigation management, water deficit assessment, drainage calculation). Water balance calculation also has multiple applications in forestry: (i) explaining forest dieback phenomena, (ii) defining the suitability of sites for the silviculture of different species by assessing the associated water risk, (iii) defining the canopy density - water resources trade-off for well-considered management of thinning to protect trees from excessive competition for water resources, (iv) developing decision-making tools for forest management. However, soil hydraulic parameters used to calculate the TAW, in particular the water content at field capacity and at permanent wilting point, are often not available from soil maps and their measurement is very time consuming and costly. This study, conducted between April and July 2024, aims to estimate the TAW of Togo soils, using pedotransfer function classes (Class PTFs). The performance and reliability of Class PTFs used were first validated by calculating the percentage of applicability, the mean error and the root mean squared residual error by testing 30 soil samples. The TAW estimating was performed on a set of 79 horizons from 50 reference site profiles used to characterise the different types of soil and draw up the soil map of Togo. Spatialization was carried out using QGIS v 2.18.28 software. The results show that over three-quarters of Togo's territory has a TAW above 250 mm, essentially ferrallitic soils (260 to 521.25 mm), hydromorphic tropical ferruginous soils (318.1 mm) and Mull soils (280.55 to 291.9 mm). This study provides a simple diagnostic mapping tool for farmers and forest managers. It introduces a spatial quantification of soil water availability in Togo, which is important for the country's development, as well as for establishing good practices in irrigation and crop management. Moreover, this type of information can support a diverse range of studies and projects aimed at mitigating climate change.