bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotions as core building blocks of an experience
Authors: Bastiaansen Marcel , Lub Xander Dennis , Mitas Ondrej , Jung Timothy Hyungsoo , Ascenção Mário Passos , Han Dai-In , Moilanen Teemu , Smit Bert , Strijbosch Wim
Published: January 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to stimulate the discussion in the fields of hospitality, tourism and leisure on what exactly constitutes “an experience” and how to measure it; the authors unpack the experience construct into its core constituent elements, namely, emotions.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper reviews insights from psychology and cognitive neuroscience that define experiences as a fine-grained temporal succession of emotions that occur during an experiential episode. Limitations of current methods for measuring experiences are discussed, after which biometric and neuroscientific methods are reviewed that are optimally geared toward measuring emotions, as they occur during an experience with fine temporal detail.

Findings

An overview is presented of the available studies within the fields of hospitality, tourism and leisure that use these methodologies. These studies show that using these methodologies provides a fruitful methodological approach to measuring experiences in real time.

Practical implications

Companies are constantly seeking to create memorable experiences for their customers. The proposed research methodologies allow companies to get a more fine-grained image of what impacts customers over the course of their experience and to actively integrate the use of emotions into creating experiences, as emotions are key to making them memorable.

Originality/value

The paper sketches the contours of a rapidly emerging framework that unpacks memorable experiences into their constituent element – emotions. It is proposed that this will contribute to a deeper understanding of how consumers experience offerings in the hospitality, tourism and leisure industry.
The effect of nostalgia on hotel brand attachment
Authors: Li Yizhi , Lu Can , Bogicevic Vanja , Bujisic Milos
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to distinguish between two types of nostalgia, examine their effect on emotions and explore the relationships between nostalgic emotions evoked by past hotel experiences and consumers’ brand attachment and willingness-to-pay.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was based on a sequential explanatory mixed-method design. An online scenario-based experiment was complemented with online structured interviews.

Findings

The results indicate that both personal nostalgia and historical nostalgia evoke positive emotions (upbeat/elation and warm/tender). However, emotions evoked by personal nostalgia are less intense than those evoked by historical nostalgia. Positive emotions successfully predicted brand prominence and brand-self connection. Brand prominence, but not brand-self connection, was positively related to consumers’ willingness-to-pay.

Research limitations/implications

The study’s findings suggest that hotel brands that focus on creating extraordinary memories, and brands with more historical themes, elicit more positive emotions among hotel customers. This, in turn, makes customers more likely to recall that hotel brand in the future and translates into higher willingness-to-pay.

Originality/value

This study is among the first to establish and test a conceptual model that connects nostalgia, nostalgic emotions, brand attachment and willingness-to-pay in the hotel industry context. As such, it is a rare attempt to explain the role of personal and historical nostalgia in hospitality research.
Factors impacting individual Six Sigma adoption
Authors: Mueller Phillip S. , Cross Jennifer A.
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Organizations spend considerable time and money educating individuals on Six Sigma; however, existing literature does not examine Six Sigma adoption at the individual level or the factors that impact individual Six Sigma adoption. The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of individual adoption of Six Sigma tools and methodology.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper used a single-site field study in a manufacturing organization to empirically test and refine a theory of the factors impacting Six Sigma adoption at the individual level.

Findings

Reaction to training, project management and project infrastructure were found to be significant input factors for individual Six Sigma adoption with anR2of 0.482, which indicates that about 48 per cent of the variation in Six Sigma adoption is explained by the input factors. All of the identified input factors were found to have a positive relationship with individual Six Sigma adoption, as well as positive correlations with each other.

Research limitations/implications

This paper was not a controlled experiment or a longitudinal study, so it is not possible from the results of this research to prove causal relationships, although the literature supports a causal relationship between the input factors and outcome.

Practical implications

The findings of this paper will be useful to practicing organizations which seek to improve individual Six Sigma adoptions, as well as inform future Six Sigma adoption research.

Originality/value

Six Sigma adoption at the organizational level has been well documented in the existing literature. The successful adoption of Six Sigma in an organization is dependent, at least in part, to adoption Six Sigma at the individual level. A review of the existing literature indicates that there has been no research into individual adoption of Six Sigma tools and methodology.
Quality practices as a mediator of the relationship between Lean practices and production fitness
Authors: Onofrei George , Fynes Brian
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to test a model that incorporates investments in quality and Lean practices and production fitness constructs, originating in the theory of swift even flow (SEF), to provide insights into successful implementation of manufacturing practices.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses data from the Global Manufacturing Research Group fourth round survey and empirically tests the relationships between investments in Lean practices and improvements in production fitness, using a sample of 844 plants in 17 countries.

Findings

The results highlight that the implementation of Lean practices yields better results on production evenness, when the company has higher levels of investments in quality practices. Therefore, the implementation of quality practices is a prerequisite for achieving higher production fitness.

Originality/value

The findings are important to the development and testing of operations management theory, as it integrates two research streams, manufacturing practices and SEF research, to gain insights into the interplay of manufacturing practices and how it influences the production fitness. For practitioners, this research assesses how better-performing plants compete. It provides operations managers with a better understanding of production fitness and how manufacturing practices foster its development.
Anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing threats posed by mobile money
Authors: Whisker James , Lokanan Mark Eshwar
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the various characteristics of mobile money transactions and the threats they present to anti-money laundering (AML) and counter terrorist financing regimes.

Design/methodology/approach

A thorough literature review was conducted on mobile money transactions and the associated money-laundering and terrorist financing threats. Four key themes were identified in relations to the three stages of money laundering and effective law enforcement.

Findings

The findings indicate that as money laundering and terrorist financing transactions continue to gravitate towards the weaknesses in the financial system, mobile money provides yet another avenue for criminals to exploit. Risk factors associated with anonymity, elusiveness, rapidity and lack of oversights were all integral considerations in building an effective AML regime. The use of cash is considered a higher threat than mobile money prior to implementation of systems and controls.

Practical implications

This rapidly changing environment of how individuals manage their money during transactions is set to further explode globally, which poses new problems for regulators and governments alike. Unless there is a unified concentration to heighten global awareness, the imposing threat of mobile money is set to increase at a rapid rate if appropriate actions are not taken.

Originality/value

The findings from this study can be used to gain greater insights on mobile money transactions and raise further awareness of the ever-increasing threat to global financial integrity.
Participatory information governance
Authors: Evans Joanne , McKemmish Sue , Rolan Gregory
Published: January 2019

Purpose

This paper examines the recordkeeping governance requirements of the childhood out-of-home Care sector, with critical interlaced identity, memory, cultural and accountability needs. They argue that as we enter a new era of participation, new models for governance are required to recognise and dynamically negotiate a range of rights in and to records, across space and through time. Instead of recordkeeping configured to support closed organisations and closely bounded information silos, there is a need for recordkeeping to reflect, facilitate and be part of governance frameworks for organisations as nodes in complex information networks.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper reports on a key outcome of the Setting the Record Straight for the Rights of the Child National Summit held in Melbourne Australia in May 2017, the National Framework for Recordkeeping in Out-of-Home Care, and the research and advocacy agenda that will support its development.

Findings

The authors argue that as we enter an algorithmic age, designing for shared ownership, stewardship, interoperability and participation is an increasing imperative to address the information asymmetries that foster social disadvantage and discrimination. The authors introduce the concept of participatory information governance in response to social, political and cultural mandates for recordkeeping. Given the challenges associated with progressing new participatory models of recordkeeping governance in the inhospitable environment of existing recordkeeping law, standards and governance frameworks, the authors outline how these frameworks will need to be re-figured for participatory recordkeeping.

Practical implications

The National Framework for Recordkeeping for Childhood Out-of-Home Care seeks to address the systemic recordkeeping problems that have been most recently highlighted in the 2013-2017 Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.

Social implications

The National Framework for Recordkeeping for Childhood Out-of-Home Care will also address how a suite of recordkeeping rights can be embedded into networked socio-technical systems. This represents an example of a framework for participatory information governance which can help guide the design of new systems in an algorithmic age.

Originality/value

The proposed National Framework represents a new model for recordkeeping governance to recognise and enact multiple rights in records. Designed to support the lifelong identity, memory and accountability needs for those who experience childhood out-of-home Care, it aims to foster the transformation of recordkeeping and archival infrastructure to a participatory model that can address the current inequities and better enable the design and oversight of equitable algorithmic systems.
Perspectives and Trends in the Application of Photodynamic Inactivation for Microbiological Food Safety
Authors: Ghate Vinayak S. , Zhou Weibiao , Yuk Hyun‐Gyun
Published: January 2019

Photodynamic inactivation is a phenomenon that has the potential to cause microbial inactivation using visible light. It works on the principle that photosensitizers within the microbial cell can be activated using specific wavelengths to trigger a series of cytotoxic reactions. In the last few years, efforts to apply this intervention technology for food safety have been on the rise. This review article offers a detailed commentary on this research. The mechanism of photodynamic inactivation has been discussed as have the factors that influence its efficacy in food. Efforts to inactivate bacteria, fungi, and viruses have been analyzed in dedicated sections and so has the application of this technology to specific product classes such as fresh produce, dry fruits, seafood, and poultry. The challenges and opportunities facing the application of this technology to food systems have been evaluated and future research directions proposed. Thus, this review will provide insights for researchers and industry personnel looking for a novel solution to combat microbial contamination and resistance.
Ethnic inequalities in child welfare: The role of practitioner risk perceptions
Authors: Keddell Emily , Hyslop Ian
Published: January 2019

Indigenous children have a long history of overrepresentation in child protection systems. This exploratory, mixed methods study examined practitioner perceptions of risk in response to client ethnic group (n = 67). A staged online survey elicited responses to a blinded vignette. Half the sample received the vignette as a Pākehā (White) family and the other half as Māori (Indigenous). Apart from this, family descriptions were identical. Respondents rated their perceptions of the children's risk and related constructs and stated what decisions they would make. Qualitative perceptions of risk, safety, problem causes, and plan goals were elicited. The quantitative findings showed family ethnicity had a moderate effect on perceptions of risk, safety, and decisions. The Māori family was perceived as higher risk than the Pākehā family and had more decisions made about them. Stage 2 of the survey showed the most marked effects (d = 0.484 risk, 0.487 safety; p = 0.06). Qualitative responses showed similar constructions of risk, safety, problems, and plan goals regardless of ethnicity. Structural factors associated with ethnicity were not considered to contribute to the family's social problems. Results suggest a combination of unconscious bias and a “colour blind” approach to practice may contribute to ethnic inequalities. Implications for education, research, and practice are discussed.
Pelagic–littoral resource polymorphism in Hovsgol grayling Thymallus nigrescens from Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia
Authors: Olson Kirk W. , Krabbenhoft Trevor J. , Hrabik Thomas R. , Mendsaikhan Bud , Jensen Olaf P.
Published: January 2019

Resource polymorphism is a widespread phenomenon in post‐glacial fishes where multiple morphotypes of a species occur sympatrically and exhibit distinct resource use. Availability of open niches and high levels of within and among species competition are thought to drive differences in morphology and may provide insights into early stages of speciation. Hovsgol grayling (Thymallus nigrescens) are endemic to Lake Hovsgol, a lake colonised by fish following the Pleistocene, and are threatened with habitat loss due to climate change and illegal harvest. Previous analysis of Hovsgol grayling diet inferred through C and N stable isotopes suggested the presence of littoral and pelagic foraging groups. We hypothesised that morphology of the two foraging groups would reflect predictions of functional morphology, indicating the presence of resource polymorphism. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated evidence from C and N stable isotopes, stomach contents, fish ages, capture location and morphology. Two foraging groups of Hovsgol grayling were identified through stomach content and C and N stable isotope analysis. Individuals with greater zooplankton consumption were more frequently captured in the pelagic zone, exhibited higher gill raker counts, larger orbit (eye) sizes, longer paired fins, narrower head width, larger maxilla and smaller size at age than the group with greater reliance on benthic invertebrate prey. These differences were generally consistent with those described in other fish species exhibiting littoral–pelagic resource polymorphism. Our study provides the first example of littoral–pelagic resource polymorphism in the salmonid subfamily Thymallinae and highlights the potential influence of competition on fish evolution.
Follistatin‐like protein 1 (FSTL1) promotes chondrocyte expression of matrix metalloproteinase and inflammatory factors via the NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Hu Peng‐Fei , Ma Chi‐Yuan , Sun Fang‐Fang , Chen Wei‐Ping , Wu Li‐Dong
Published: January 2019

Background

The expression of follistatin‐like protein 1 (FSTL1) is closely associated with diseases of the musculoskeletal system. However, despite being a well characterized inflammatory mediator, the effects of FSTL1 on chondrocytes are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of FSTL1 on the expression of inflammatory and catabolic factors in rat chondrocytes.

Methods

Rat chondrocytes were treated directly with various concentrations of FSTL1 in vitro. The levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, interleukin (IL)‐1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and IL‐6 were measured by polymerase chain reaction, ELISA and Western blotting. In addition, activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway was explored to identify potential regulatory mechanisms.

Results

Follistatin‐like protein 1 directly increased the expression of MMP‐1, MMP‐13, iNOS, COX‐2, IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐6 at both gene and protein level in a dose‐dependent manner. Activation of NF‐ κB and phosphorylation of p65 were also promoted by FSTL1 stimulation.

Conclusions

Follistatin‐like protein 1 exerts pro‐inflammatory and catabolic effects on cultured chondrocytes via activation of the NF‐κB signalling pathway. FSTL1 may therefore be a target in the treatment of OA.
Experimental horizontal transmission of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in post‐larvae of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Karthikeyan Kesavan , Sudhakaran Raja
Published: January 2019

Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a microsporidian parasite that causes hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) in penaeid shrimp. HPM was observed in several countries, including Thailand and India; it has become a prominent pathogen in shrimp culture. Based on observations on EHP infection in the wild, the route of transmission has been hypothesized. Identification of artificial EHP infection procedures can facilitate our understanding of EHP transmission. Experimental transmission of EHP was attempted using the immersion and oral infections of infection. In the immersion mode, post‐larvae (PL) were exposed to an EHP tissue homogenate (0.2%) by immersion for 48 hr. Experimental samples were collected at various time points, and infection was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction, haematoxylin and eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy and modified trichrome staining. All test results revealed successful EHP transmission. Similar results were obtained through oral infection (oral infection). Innate immune gene expression patterns during infection were analysed; prophenoloxidase, crustin and superoxide dismutase were upregulated at 6, 6 and 48 hr post‐challenge, respectively. Experimental infection procedures facilitate the development of diagnostic and prevention strategies. This is the first study demonstrating the experimental transmission of EHP in shrimp PL.
Effectiveness of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP) on Depression Literacy and Mental Health Treatment
Authors: Beaudry Mary Beth , Swartz Karen , Miller Leslie , Schweizer Barbara , Glazer Kara , Wilcox Holly
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Analysis of data from a NIMH‐supported study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP) in promoting depression literacy and help‐seeking behavior.

METHODS

Eighteen Pennsylvania schools were matched on size, sex, race, test scores, median income, and free/reduced lunch status. Schools randomized to the intervention implemented ADAP as a compulsory part of the schools health curriculum, while control schools collected study measures.

RESULTS

Post‐randomization analysis revealed no significant differences by sex on the pre‐assessments between intervention and control schools. In the intervention schools, a total of 1427 students received ADAP. Written parental consent and adolescent assent was obtained from 33.7% students. The online REDCap survey was completed by 41.78% of the consenting students. The Adolescent Depression Knowledge Questionnaire (ADKQ) findings suggest that ADAP significantly improved depression knowledge (Est. =1.07, SE =.25, p < .001), compared to those in the control group. ADAP was found to facilitate help‐seeking behavior by student report in those participating in the REDCap survey 4 months following the ADAP curriculum.

CONCLUSIONS

Results of the survey suggests that ADAP facilitates help‐seeking behaviors in teens. This study supports the efficacy of a teacher delivered school‐based universal prevention program, ADAP, on depression literacy.
Are low‐carbohydrate diets safe in diabetic and nondiabetic chronic kidney disease?
Authors: Mitchell Nia S. , Scialla Julia J. , Yancy William S.
Published: January 2019

Diabetes mellitus and obesity both contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and they can accelerate the loss of kidney function. Dietary intake can potentially have wide‐reaching effects on the risk of CKD/DKD and their progression by reducing weight and blood pressure, improving glycemic control, reducing hyperfiltration, and modulating inflammation. Low‐carbohydrate (LC) diets can reduce weight and improve glycemic control, but the relatively higher protein content also raises concern in CKD/DKD. Empiric evidence supporting the kidney‐related benefits or risks of LC diets is needed to understand the balance of these potential harms and benefits for patients with DKD and is the subject of our review.
Does the sociality of pollinators shape the organisation of pollination networks?
Authors: Maia Kate P. , Rasmussen Claus , Olesen Jens M. , Guimarães Paulo R.
Published: January 2019

A striking structural pattern of pollination networks is the presence of a few highly connected species which has implications for ecological and evolutionary processes that create and maintain diversity. To understand the structure and dynamics of pollination networks we need to know which mechanisms allow the emergence of highly connected species. We investigate whether social pollinator species are highly connected in pollination networks, and whether network structure is affected by the presence of high proportions of social pollinator species. Social insects are abundant, with long activity periods and, at the highest level of social organisation, specialised foraging castes. These three attributes are likely to increase the number of interactions of social species and, consequently, their role in pollination networks. We find that social species have, on average, more prominent network roles than solitary species, a possible mechanism being the individual‐rich colonies of social insects. However, when accounting for the shared evolutionary history of pollinators, sociality is only associated with highly interactive roles in Apidae. For apid bees, our structural equation analysis shows that the effect of sociality on species network roles is an indirect result of their high levels of interaction frequency. Despite the relative importance of sociality at a species‐level, an increasing proportion of social species in pollination networks did not affect overall network structure. Our results suggest that behavioural traits may shape patterns of interaction of individual species but not the network‐level organisation of species interactions. Instead, network structure appears to be determined by more general aspects of ecological systems such as interaction intimacy, patterns of niche overlap, and species abundance distributions.
Pediatric early warning score and deteriorating ward patients on high‐flow therapy
Authors: Hansen Gregory , Hochman Joshua , Garner Meghan , Dmytrowich Jeffrey , Holt Tanya
Published: January 2019

Background

Delivery of non‐invasive ventilation commonly occurs in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). With the advent of high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC), patients with respiratory distress may be rescued on the ward without a PICU admission. We evaluated our ward HFNC algorithm to determine its safety profile and independent predictors for non‐responders, defined as requiring subsequent PICU admission.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of patients <17 years of age admitted with respiratory distress between 2016 and 2017 was carried out. Pediatric Early Warning System (PEWS) respiratory score was used to assess the clinical response of patients requiring HFNC. Variables associated with non‐responders were evaluated, and their PICU admission was studied for escalation of care and criticality.

Results

Patients with comorbidities (P = 0.02) were more likely to require HFNC. Of the 18 patients initiated on HFNC, 44% (n = 8) remained on the ward. Non‐responders (n = 10; 56%) had higher (2.7 vs 1.8; P = 0.03) and worsening (−0.1 vs 0.3; P = 0.05) PEWS respiratory scores 90 min after HFNC initiation. Eighty percent (n = 8) of non‐responders required escalation to continuous positive airway pressure or bilevel positive airway pressure in the PICU. For both HFNC responders and non‐responders, there were no requirements for intubation, evidence of air leak or difference in days of respiratory support.

Conclusions

High and worsening PEWS scores 90 min after HFNC initiation may indicate non‐response when coupled with a standardized ward HFNC algorithm for respiratory distress. Further improvements may be seen with an earlier initiation of HFNC in the emergency department and more aggressive flow escalation on the ward.
Ethical objectivity: The test of time
Authors: Bagnoli Carla
Published: January 2019

According to many, evolutionary accounts of ethics undermine the prospects of its objective foundation. By contrast, this paper argues that such evolutionary accounts discredit only the absolutist construal of moral truths as timeless but supports other conceptions of objectivity as tested by time. Insofar as Kantian constructivism addresses the problem of ethical objectivity from the standpoint of temporal rational agents, it is not vulnerable to debunking arguments based on evolutionary explanations. In fact, recent work on evolutionary accounts of reasoning and inferences not only coheres with but it also reinforces the constructivist conception of practical reason as a problem‐solving cooperative device apt to temporal and interdependent rational agents.
Mission creep in the application of wildlife law: The progressive dilution of legal requirements regarding a wild‐born orca kept for ‘research’ purposes
Authors: Spiegl Matthew Volk , Trouwborst Arie , Visser Ingrid Natasha
Published: January 2019

Environmental law contributes to biodiversity conservation insofar as it is properly drafted and implemented. This article explores one way in which its effectiveness can be impaired: progressive dilution. This occurs when consecutive steps are taken in the law's application which in isolation may not appear much out of line and are presented as legal, but eventually render a result contrary to the law's intentions – like a military mission creeping beyond its mandate. This phenomenon is explored using the case of an orca found emaciated in the Netherlands’ waters in 2010. Captured for rehabilitation purposes and subsequently retained for strictly circumscribed scientific research, the animal somehow ended up in a commercial Spanish entertainment park, used for public performances and breeding purposes – all with express approval of various governmental authorities, including courts. The entire chain of events is analysed in light of requirements imposed by diverse (inter)national legal instruments, including the Agreement on the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of the Baltic, North East Atlantic, Irish and North Seas (ASCOBANS), the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and European Union regulations.
Bacteriology and cytology of otic exudates in 41 cavalier King Charles spaniels with primary secretory otitis media
Authors: Cole Lynette K. , Rajala‐Schultz Päivi J. , Lorch Gwendolen , Daniels Joshua B.
Published: January 2019

Background

Primary secretory otitis media (PSOM) in the cavalier King Charles spaniel (CKCS) is similar to otitis media with effusion (OME) in humans. A proposed aetiology ofOMEis inflammation of the middle ear mucosa, usually due to bacterial infection, leading to auditory tube dysfunction.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Our objective was to characterize the microbiological and cytological findings of otic exudates from the external ear canal (EEC) (n = 68) and middle ear (ME) (n = 69) from 41CKCSs withPSOM.

Methods and materials

Swab samples from theEECand mucus aspirated from theMEafter performing a myringotomy were obtained for bacterial culture and cytological analysis.

Results

Fifty‐five of 68 (81%)EECand 46 of 69 (67%)MEyielded no bacterial growth. Thirty‐eight of the 68 (56%) ears had no microbial growth from neither theEECnorME; seven (10%) had bacteria isolated from theEEConly; 17 (25%) had bacteria isolated from theMEonly, and six (8%) had bacteria isolated from bothEECandME. Thirty‐four total bacterial isolates were cultured fromME. The most common bacterial species isolated were coagulase‐negative staphylococci, followed byStaphylococcus pseudintermedius. Otic cytology identified coccoid organisms in only three of 68EECand four of 69ME.

Conclusions

The role of bacteria in the pathogenesis ofPSOMinCKCSis unclear. The majority of theEECandMEof theCKCSwithPSOMwere negative by conventional bacterial culture and the cytological presence of bacteria was not correlated with culture positives. The potential role of noncultivable microbiota inPSOMrequires exploration using molecular methods.
Seed germination ecology of creeping mannagrass (Glyceria acutiflora) and response to POST herbicides
Authors: Tang Wei , Xie Yuan , Lu Yongliang , Chen Jie
Published: January 2019

Creeping mannagrass is a perennial grass weed widely distributed in China and is becoming increasingly problematic in nurseries and landscapes in some regions. Understanding the germination ecology and response to commonly available POST herbicides of this weed is critical to determining its adaptive capabilities and potential for infestation, and assist in the development of effective control strategies. In the light/dark regime, creeping mannagrass germinated over a wide range of temperatures (15/5 to 30/20°C), with maximum germination at 20/10°C (95%). No seed germinated at 35/25 or 10/0°C. The time required for 50% of maximum germination increased as temperature decreased. Compared with the light/dark conditions, germination was slightly stimulated when seeds were placed in the dark. Creeping mannagrass is moderately tolerant to osmotic and salt stress, which had 53 and 50% germination rates at −0.6 mPa osmotic potential and 200 mM NaCl concentration, respectively. Seedling emergence of the seeds buried at a depth of 0.5 cm (86%) was higher than those sowing on the soil surface (17%), but declined with burial depth increasing. There were no differences in the emergence rates from a burial depth 0.5–2 cm. Few seeds (4%) could emerge when seeds were sowed at a depth of 8 cm. POST application of haloxyfop‐R‐methyl, quizalofop‐p‐ethyl, sethoxydim, and pinoxaden provides 100% control of creeping mannagrass at the three‐leaf to five‐leaf stages. To achieve 80% control with clodinafop‐propargyl, mesosulfuron‐methyl, and fenoxaprop‐p‐ethyl, herbicides had to be applied at the three‐leaf stage.
Overcoming seed dormancy in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) with exogenous compounds
Authors: Schwabe S , Weber E A , Gesell S , Gruber S , Claupein W
Published: January 2019

Dormant seeds of oilseed rape (OSR) can persist in the soil and cause OSR volunteers in subsequent crops. Several approaches were tested in the laboratory and in the field to determine whether dormancy induction and seed persistence can be reduced by using dormancy‐breaking exogenous compounds. In a laboratory experiment, OSR seeds were coated with KNO3, micronutrients, or gibberellic acid (GA) prior to a secondary dormancy test. In a field experiment, seeds were coated in a manner analogous to the laboratory experiment, and then buried 10 cm deep in the soil for 2.5 months. In a practical demonstration, OSR plants were sprayed with either urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) or a commercial product containing GA prior to seed maturity. Seed coating (laboratory and field experiments) reduced secondary dormancy and seed persistence in the field by up to 99%. The efficiency of the treatments for mitigating secondary dormancy (laboratory and field experiments) in decreasing order was GA > micronutrients > KNO3 > control. With pre‐maturity spraying (practical demonstration), UAN reduced primary dormancy by up to 77% and the development of secondary dormancy by up to 38%; GA had no effect. Dormancy and seed persistence of OSR seeds may be reduced by a pre‐maturity UAN treatment of OSR mother plants, or by applying appropriate exogenous compounds to OSR seeds.
Evaluating students readiness, expectancy, acceptance and effectiveness of augmented reality based construction technology education
Authors: Ahmad Fauzi Ahmad Faiz Azizi , Ali Kherun Nita , Amirudin Roslan
Published: January 2019

Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to enhance the teaching and learning experience in construction technology which involves the learning of construction processes and understanding the construction elements. Augmented reality also provides the ability to change and improve the nature of education. This is due to the possibility of overlaying media onto the real world for content consumption using smartphones and tablets devices, which enables students to access information at anywhere and anytime. However, before implementing a new approach to teaching, the state of whether the students are ready to use AR have to be identified. This also goes toward what the students expect when using AR in learning, how do they accept using AR and effectiveness of using AR in learning. Therefore the purpose of this study is to (1) Identify the readiness of students on using AR in teaching; (2) Identifying what do the students expect when using AR in learning construction technology; (3) Identifying the student’s acceptance of AR in learning; (4) The effectiveness of AR in construction technology learning. A quantitative method of analysis has been implemented measuring the mean score of objective 1-3 based on the student’s responses to the questionnaire. On the other hand, the second phase of the study which is to determine whether using AR is effective in learning was done by comparing pre-test and post-test results. Results from the study shows assuring indicators that students accept the usage of AR in construction technology education, the application also fulfils their expectations on what AR could aid in the learning process and for student’s acceptance, the result shows that students accepted the usage of AR as a learning tool. Meanwhile, the results regarding AR effectiveness on construction technology displayed noticeable improvements regarding student’s pre-test and post-test results with 68% of students display improvements in their scores.
Perspectives on issues and the application of the innovative procurement approaches for the Industrialised Building System (IBS)
Authors: Tajul Ariffin Hamizah Liyana , Mohd Norhazren Izatie , Mustaffa Nur Emma , Bandi Shamsulhadi , Mei Chee Cecelia Ho
Published: January 2019

Malaysia is making an aggressive effort of transformation to become a fully developed country.  As one of the pillars for transformation, the construction industry has been undergoing a major reform with regard to the traditional method of construction. In recent years, the Industrialised Building System (IBS) has been promoted extensively with the government taking a lead with the practice.  Studies showed that IBS has been able to expedite construction process, improve the time taken to accomplish a project, improve building quality, able to control cost and human resources, which in overall, raise occupational health and safety standard of construction.  Despite, as most IBS projects were carried out under the traditional procurement method, the full benefits of IBS are somehow obscured. Several issues such as work delay, lack of communication and integration, lack of knowledge and an increase in cost, which are synonymous to the traditional procurement method appear to outweigh the benefit of IBS. Hence, this research aims to suggest an alternative to the traditional procurement method with regard to IBS project implementation. The focus of this research has been on the challenges and innovative procurement methods most suited for IBS project. Two objectives were outlined: (1) to identify issues faced by the client on current procurement method in IBS project; and (2) to identify the client’s perspective on innovative procurement method most suited for IBS project. Data for this research was collected through semi-structured interviews with five respondents from five major developers having experience in IBS project implementation. The results from the thematic analysis revealed that apart from the common issues which ascend from the sequential nature of the traditional procurement method, design integration issue was opined to aggravate the situation. Unanimously, respondents agreed that partnering is the way forward for IBS project implementation in the Malaysian construction industry. This research contributes by providing important pointers for the local construction industry to move forward with IBS project implementation.
Exploring gamification approach in hazard identification training for Malaysian construction industry
Authors: Mohd Norhazren Izatie , Ali Kherun Nita , Bandi Shamsulhadi , Ismail Fuziah
Published: January 2019

In recent years gaming products have increasingly been used to enhance learning and training development in academic and commercial sectors.  Games have become more pervasive; they have been adopted for use in many industries and sectors such as defence, medicine, architecture, education, and city planning and government as tools for workers development.  In Malaysia, it has been reported that the construction industry holds the third highest record of occurrences of accidents at work.  Therefore, safety training is inevitable to reduce the alarming rate of accidents on construction sites.  However, currently, available safety training approaches are still lacking in terms of delivering hands-on training and are more theoretical- instead of being more practical-based.  This is due to the nature of the construction environment itself in which safety training involving certain hazards that cannot be implemented hands-on as it may bring harm to trainers, trainees and the environment.  Gaming is an approach that applies technology to provide an almost real experience with interactive field training, and also supporting the theory of learning by doing with real case scenario.  The purpose of this paper is to seek and explore the differences in existing gamification genres such as simulation game, role-playing, action game, strategy game and etc.  Data were collected through available literature.  The findings of the study show that serious game is a suitable genre to be adopted as an approach in hazard identification training for the construction industry in Malaysia.
Challenges for Peacebuilding and Citizenship Learning in Colombia
Authors: Guerra-Sua Ángela María
Published: January 2019

Some education practices can impede learning democratic citizenship agency by reinforcing injustices or omitting dissenting perspectives. Other practices may help address conflict issues through problem-posing inquiry activities. This literature review explores the ways social sciences’ curriculum practices can select knowledges that enhance peace or exacerbates violence. Considering peace and conflict theories, I highlight the limitations and possibilities for peacebuilding of Colombia’s citizenship and social sciences’ curricula. Also, I discuss the ways certain social studies curriculum decisions (selections and omissions) may reproduce violence, injustice and passivity. Finally, I discuss how certain practices may develop critical citizenship capacities to handle conflicts.
Percepción del alumnado universitario respecto al modelo pedagógico de clase invertida
Authors: Sánchez-Rivas Enrique , Sánchez-Rodríguez José , Ruiz-Palmero Julio
Published: January 2019

Este artículo recoge una investigación enfocada a descubrir la percepción del alumnado universitario sobre determinadas ventajas atribuidas al modelo pedagógico de aula invertida. La recogida de datos se realizó a través de un cuestionario aplicado a dos grupos formados por alumnado matriculado en una misma asignatura. El análisis de datos partió del estudio de los estadísticos descriptivos. Para la comparativa entre los grupos se aplicó la prueba t de Student sobre sus puntuaciones medias. Los resultados apuntan a que el alumnado percibe ventajas en el plano didáctico asociadas al modelo pedagógico de aula invertida.
Extended performer: evolución y cambio de rol del intérprete musical: hacia una música expandida
Authors: Lizarazu González Haize
Published: January 2019

Este artículo pretende ser una aproximación analítico-reflexiva de la función del intérprete musical en el campo de la música contemporánea y experimental hoy en día. Desde sus orígenes y desde el momento en que el intérprete se desligó de la figura del compositor, sus funciones y maneras de abordar la música, su estudio e interpretación han ido variando. Estas variaciones, sin embargo, siguen estrechamente vinculadas a los cambios de corrientes y visiones compositivas y de cómo estas definen los conceptos de idea musical, proceso creativo o resultado sonoro. El término utilizado para describir a este nuevo tipo de intérprete, extended performer, se refiere a cómo esta función se ha extendido, expandido, más allá de los límites de una práctica instrumental o performativa. Perfilando los orígenes históricos del intérprete musical y pasando por los cambios de paradigma que sucedieron durante el siglo XX con las diferentes corrientes vanguardistas y con nombres propios, tales como John Cage o Pierre Boulez, llegaremos al citado extended performer actual, ejemplificando esta nueva figura a través de movimientos compositivos actuales, la importancia de la digitalización en el arte y cómo esta ha planteado una nueva relación entre el intérprete y su instrumento.
Un estudio de orientación etnográfica en el marco de la Investigación Acción: un enfoque para comprender la crianza
Authors: Betancurth Loaiza Diana Paola , Peñaranda Correa Fernando
Published: January 2019

Como parte de un análisis sobre la crianza que practican las familias desplazadas y destechadas del asentamiento Altos de Oriente II, se pretende ofrecer una visión de cómo una investigación con orientación etnográfica, desde una perspectiva hermenéutica crítica, se incorpora a la Investigación Acción a partir de la salud pública alternativa. Se planteó de esta manera para comprender los significados de la crianza emergentes en los círculos de cultura –escenarios para la observación participante–. Junto a la Investigación Acción con un objetivo educativo, se describió lo que pasa con la crianza de las mujeres, en una reflexión transformadora que posibilitó la identificación de temas generadores y la orientación de la praxis en educación para la salud. El enfoque metodológico a través del diálogo construyó un puente interpretativo crítico con los procesos educativos de la Investigación Acción, como parte del compromiso ético y político para avanzar en la resolución de situaciones concretas de la comunidad.
Early Fault Warning of Spindle Based on the Adaptive Weighted Fuzzy Petri Net
Authors: Li Hai , Wang Wei , Li Qingzhao , Fan Lei , Huang Pu
Published: January 2019

The spindle system of machine tool produces a huge amounts of process data when it works. These data directly reflect the running state of spindle system but are seldom used to perform early fault warning. This paper proposes a novel early fault warning method adaptive weighted fuzzy Petri-net. Firstly, the long short-term memory (LSTM) is put forward to predict the time-series of future state for spindle system. Then, in order to design a reasoning framework for dynamic knowledge which can adapt to changes in the area of knowledge, an adaptive weighted fuzzy petri-net (AWFPN) is brought up to perform fault diagnosis. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of proposed method are verified by simulations and experiments. Results show that the proposed early fault warning method could effectively help to find potential fault information in the manufacturing process and provide the useful advice for maintenance.
Influence of Thermal Ratcheting on the Creep and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Authors: Kanthabhabha Jeya Rahul Palaniappan , Bouzid Abdel-Hakim
Published: January 2019

The objective of this research is to describe the consequence of thermal ratcheting on the long-term creep property of HDPE material. The thermal ratcheting phenomenon amplifies significantly the creep strain of HDPE in comparison to the steady creep strain under constant temperature. The magnitude of creep strain of HDPE increases by 8% after just 20 thermal cycles between 28 and 50°C. The creep modulus which is inversely proportional to the creep strain depletes further under thermal ratcheting. Both properties change significantly with the number of thermal cycles. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of HDPE varies with the applied compressive load, with successive thermal cycles and with the thermal ratcheting temperature. The impact of thermal ratcheting diminishes with increase in initial steady creep exposure time-period but still the magnitude cumulative damage induced is noteworthy. The magnitude of growth in creep strain drops from 8 to 2.4% when thermal ratcheting is performed after 1 and 45 days of steady creep, respectively. There is a notable change in thickness of the material with each heating and cooling cycle even after 45 days of creep however, the thermal ratcheting strain value drops by 80% in comparison to thermal ratcheting strain after 1 day of creep and under similar test conditions.
Incorporating Student-Led Design Projects in Instrumentation and Measurements Laboratory
Authors: Foust Emine Celik
Published: January 2019

Proposal-based design projects are an effective tool for teaching and reinforcing fundamental concepts. These projects require significant time investment for both students and faculty. Studies have shown that execution of these projects leads to larger knowledge retention. This paper illustrates the examples of student-led projects developed during instrumentation and measurement laboratory class.

The Instrumentation and Measurement Laboratory is a requirement of the Mechanical Engineering program at York College of Pennsylvania. The class features an introduction to experimental design, measurement and data analysis. The number of credits dedicated to this class is one laboratory credit. Description of the course, student outcomes, class exercises and examples of student-led design projects are illustrated. In the current paper, these projects include the study of water hammer characteristics in a pipe, force measurements on two types of bicycle helmets, and light intensity measurements for five different light bulbs. Outcomes of student surveys and recommendations for future class offerings are also included.