bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What’s in a Name? Scholarly Journal Title Changes and the Quest for International Visibility (1965-2020)
Authors: Khelfaoui  , GINGRAS YVES
Published: February 2025

Scholarly journals have been de-nationalizing and anglicizing their names for the past six decades in order to gain international visibility and facilitate their indexation in major international databases. Using the Web of Science, we analyzed the historical evolution of this trend and its geography, showing that it has been particularly concentrated in a few countries at different periods of time. Then, we evaluated how title changes have affected the evolution of the journals’ language of publication, authorship, readership and impact. The acceleration of the trend towards the de-nationalization and anglicization of journal titles coincided with the rise of discourses on internationalization in the 1980s and the growing use, a decade later, of quantitative indicators in research evaluation, above all the Impact Factor. In general, this rebranding strategy of scholarly journals resulted in a higher visibility on the global market of scientific publications, leading to a more internationalized authorship and readership, but to the detriment of the use of national languages.
Carta abierta a las universidades chilenas
Authors: Miranda David G.
Published: February 2025

Esta carta abierta es un llamado a las universidades chilenas, tanto estatales como privadas, a hacerse parte de un proceso histórico asociado a la conmemoración de los 50 años del Golpe de Estado en Chile de forma activa, comprometida y sostenida a lo largo del tiempo, que permita reafirmar su compromiso con la democracia, la memoria y los derechos humanos.Al igual que un amplio conjunto de chilenas y chilenos, nos hemos conmocionado al rememorar los cruentos efectos de la persecución política impulsada por la dictadura, en especial en espacios educativos, la cual hasta el día de hoy tiene profundos efectos en la vida democrática de las instituciones de educación superior, y por ende, en la integridad psíquica de sus trabajadores, trabajadoras, y de cada uno de sus estamentos.El paso del tiempo, los procesos judiciales contra los victimarios, y las políticas de verdad, justicia y reparación no han sido suficientes para permitir la completa recuperación de condiciones mínimas para constituir espacios seguros de educación superior, en tanto sigan albergando en sus equipos a personas que hayan ingresado y/o hayan actuado al amparo de un régimen que se valió de las peores armas, para hacer desaparecer a numerosos de sus miembros: docentes, estudiantes, trabajadores y trabajadoras, transformándose en cómplices activos de su persecución, detención y desaparición; dejando una huella indeleble en las comunidades educativas.Esta herida se agudiza más aún cuando, en total impunidad, se les ha otorgado alta capacidad de decisión, o se les permite acceder a cargos de poder. Se trata de una situación que pervive al interior del Sistema Nacional de Educación Superior, y que al día de hoy continúa sembrando el temor, la desconfianza y constituye una amenaza flagrante para la integridad psíquica de quienes construimos con nuestro trabajo la universidad con un sentido auténticamente público, pluralista y democrático.
Solidarity in the European Union. Theoretical framework, empirical evidence, and policy guidelines for education.
Authors: Kossowska Małgorzata , Giraldez Marcelino Cabrera , Frega Roberto , Meacham Darian , Petrovic Nebojsa
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the concept of solidarity has come to the forefront of European policy discussion and rhetoric. This report aims at providing a definitional framework for this value by drawing upon the domains of philosophy, political science and psychology, examining solidarity practices, including EU responses to major current crises in the EU. This report also provides options on how solidarity can be fostered through educational policies and practices. Among other aspects of the complexity surrounding solidarity, this report discusses the levels, longitudinal variation, and relevance as a political desideratum in democratic societies. This report also examines how solidarity relates to other sociological and psychological concepts, such as social identity, altruism, and social norms. Findings indicate the need to look at intergenerational solidarity and the salience of solidarity in discussions concerning the welfare state, the economy, migration, the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the consequences of the ongoing war in Ukraine, to cite some current concerns that are high on public and political agendas. In education, we find that instilling the value of European solidarity, among other common values, is key for the European integration project. We therefore recommend pursuing policies to foster solidarity at all levels and, with particular reference to Education in particular, to include solidarity education in school curricula in support of the promotion of European values.
Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) no Setor Farmacêutico: avanços, limitações, seletividade e negligência
Authors: Stacciarini João Henrique Santana
Published: February 2025

Com o objetivo de contribuir para os estudos e debates acerca do processo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) no setor farmacêutico, este trabalho realizou uma extensa coleta, organização e análise de dados sobre o tema, explorando os avanços, limitações, seletividade e negligência nesse âmbito. Revelou-se que o setor farmacêutico representa o segundo maior investidor em P&D, registrando gastos globais de 238 bilhões de dólares em 2021. A busca por lucros decorrentes de medicamentos de sucesso motivou um crescimento significativo no número de empresas farmacêuticas focadas em P&D, resultando em 5.416 corporações que testam mais de 20 mil fármacos em várias fases de pesquisa e desenvolvimento. No entanto, este estudo também aponta para as limitações dos produtos derivados de P&D farmacêutico, observando que muitos medicamentos recém-aprovados não apresentam vantagens significativas sobre os já existentes e tendem a priorizar a manutenção de franquias rentáveis ou a competição de mercado, em detrimento do bem-estar populacional. Além disso, destaca-se a seletividade e negligência nos investimentos em P&D, com determinadas doenças recebendo maior atenção devido a uma variedade de interesses, incluindo aspectos socioeconômicos.
The Role of Teacher Training in Enhancing Curriculum Reforms for Employability in Sierra Leone
Authors: Dumbuya Emmanuel
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the critical role of teacher training in implementing curriculum reforms aimed at improving youth employability in Sierra Leone. The paper examines the alignment between curriculum content and the demands of the labor market, especially in the context of the digital economy. Drawing on qualitative interviews with teachers, policymakers, and students, the research assesses how teacher professional development can help bridge the skills gap between what is taught in schools and what is needed in the workforce. The paper provides policy recommendations to enhance teacher training programs and curriculum design, ensuring that students acquire relevant skills for the 21st-century job market.
GRASP Aerosol Retrievals from AirMSPI FIREX-AQ Observations
Authors: DeLeon Clarissa , Kupinski Meredith Kathryn
Published: February 2025

Aerosol retrieval is an important step towards understanding and quantifying the impacts of aerosols on Earth's climate processes and radiation budget. In this work, the open-source Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties (GRASP) radiative transfer (RT) modeling algorithm is applied to Airborne Multiangle Spectropolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI) observations. The algorithm inversion methodology uses a combination of measured observations and a priori constraints to perform a multiple-term least squares (LS) optimization. The inverse model takes atmospheric scattering observations, typically measured in radiance, and corresponding land contributions at multiple geometries, to solve for the microphysical properties of the observed aerosol. Typically, retrieval algorithms are instrument-specific to accommodate the diversity of remote sensing architectures and data products. A generalized aerosol retrieval can, in principle, allow for simultaneous input of observations across multiple platforms into a single retrieval. Coordinate system definitions can vary among instruments and algorithms. The correct interpretation of polarimetric observations requires documentation and transformation between coordinate systems. In this work, the open-source Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties (GRASP) radiative transfer algorithm and supplementary Python code is used to perform aerosol retrievals on polarimetric data products. The demonstrated technique can be applied to observations from the Airborne Multiangle Spectropolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI) and the forthcoming Multiangle Imager for Aerosols (MAIA). There are three primary challenges with using a generalized aerosol retrieval algorithm: coordinate system reconciliation, data curation, and data structuring. Solutions to all three challenges are addressed here and documented in publicly available complementary Python code. This method will be demonstrated on AirMSPI data from the 2019 Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign. The aerosol retrievals were performed from both the scattering plane and the meridian plane, showcasing the performance variability of the algorithm using two different reference planes. GRASP was able to fit radiance observations within 0.0004 absolute error, between reference planes, and linear Stokes parameters to 0.0001 absolute error. These results show the algorithm's invariance to the reference plane, given that the geometry is correctly input into the algorithm. Retrievals in two coordinate systems are demonstrated as a method to validate that Stokes conventions for the instrument and algorithm have been reconciled correctly.
Bridging the Digital Divide: How SMBs Can Rival Giants with Low- and No-Code Tools
Authors: Dr. Froolik Alderd J.
Published: February 2025

This dissertation explores the application of AI-powered automation and low- and no-code tools, specifically focusing on Integrated Platform as a Service (iPaaS) solutions, to empower Small and Medium-sized Businesses (SMBs) in the digital marketplace. In a landscape heavily skewed towards large enterprises with substantial resources and access to advanced technologies, SMBs face considerable challenges in achieving operational efficiency, scalability, and customer engagement. This research investigates how tools like Make.com, Zapier, Shopify, and ActiveCampaign, categorized as iPaaS platforms, can democratize access to these capabilities, allowing SMBs to effectively compete with larger competitors.Using PeponiXL as a practical case study, the thesis illustrates the implementation of automation workflows and AI-driven solutions aimed at improving marketing performance, order processing, and operational efficiency. The case study demonstrates the integration of VidaXL's product catalog and Shopify through automated processes powered by iPaaS tools, showcasing the feasibility of cost-effective scaling for SMBs.The research utilizes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Resource-Based View (RBV) to establish the theoretical foundation, examining how perceived ease of use and usefulness influence the adoption of these technologies. Key performance metrics such as Return on Investment (ROI), Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC), Customer Lifetime Value (CLV), and operational efficiency were analyzed to assess the success of the implementation.Findings indicate that the deployment of iPaaS tools significantly enhanced operational efficiency, reduced manual workloads, and enabled personalized customer engagement, resulting in a 45% increase in ROI and a 30% reduction in CAC. The hybrid approach of combining low-code platforms with custom scripting provided the necessary scalability to manage increased demand effectively, highlighting the value of iPaaS in fostering digital transformation for SMBs.The study contributes to the academic discourse by addressing the research gap related to the adoption of AI-powered automation in SMBs and by offering practical insights into how small enterprises can leverage technology to level the competitive playing field. Recommendations are provided for SMBs looking to adopt similar approaches, as well as suggestions for future research into the broader implications of iPaaS for digital transformation across various industries.
Testing Export-Led Growth Hypothesis in Nepal Using Multivariate Cointegration Approach
Authors: Joshi Nayan Krishna , Dahal Madhav Prasad , Paudel Bamadev
Published: February 2025

Available in full text.
An Assessment and Determinants a Real Wage: A Macroeconomic Overview of Bangladesh
Authors: Arfanuzzaman Md.
Published: February 2025

Available in full text.
Nepal’s Development Tragedy: Threats and Possibilities by Bishwambher Pyakuryal
Authors: Shakya Kushum
Published: February 2025

Not available.
Behavioral Biases of Individual Investors' Decision-Making in Emerging Markets: A Mediation Approach
Authors: Sharma Dilli Raj , Adhikari Madhav , Khatun Insha
Published: February 2025

Purpose – This paper investigates the interplay between behavioral biases, financial risk propensity, and investment decisions among individual investors in Nepal’s emerging capital market. It explores how biases such as overconfidence, loss aversion, herding, experiential, disposition, and familiarity biases influence investment outcomes directly and through financial risk propensity as a mediator.
Design/methodology/approach – A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 327 investors who were active in the Nepal Stock Exchange. The research employed correlation and regression analyses to examine the relationships between behavioral biases, financial risk propensity, and investment decisions. Mediation analysis was conducted to assess the role of financial risk propensity in between behavioral biases and investment decisions.
Findings – The results revealed that biases such as loss aversion, herding, and experiential bias have significantly impacted on investment decisions. Financial risk propensity, encompassing return expectations, diversification, and time horizon, mediates these effects. Young and novice investors have dominated the Nepal’s share market, exhibiting heightened susceptibility to behavioral biases and limited portfolio diversification.
Implications – The findings emphasize the need for tailored financial literacy programs, regulatory measures promoting diversification, and strategies to mitigate behavioral biases. Policymakers and financial advisors can use these insights to foster more informed and rational investment behavior.
Originality/value – This research contributes to the behavioral finance literature by validating the mediating role of financial risk propensity in an emerging market context. It provides empirical insights into investor behavior in Nepal, offering valuable implications for other similar economies.
Psychological Capital and Employee Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Burnout in the Banking Sector
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj Kumar , Dhungana Madan , Adhikari Juhi
Published: February 2025

Purpose –  With an emphasis on the mediating function of occupational burnout in Nepal's banking industry, the paper investigates the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and employee job performance.
Design/methodology/approach – The research utilized convenience sampling technique to gather data from 318 respondents within a descriptive and causal research framework. Based on the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory, the research employed a five-point Likert scale to measure the variables. Hypotheses were tested using regression modeling and correlation analysis. Additionally, the bootstrap resampling technique was implemented with Hayes' PROCESS macro for mediation analysis in SPSS.
Findings and conclusion – The research discovered a positive relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and job performance, indicating that employees with higher PsyCap typically perform better. Additionally, the results indicated that burnout is a partial mediator in this relationship, indicating that PsyCap directly and indirectly improves job performance by mitigating occupational burnout.
Implication – The research is valuable for organizations and policymakers aiming to create healthier and more productive workplaces. It enables leaders and managers to comprehend how psychological traits such as optimism, resilience, self-efficacy, and hope can improve work output and lessen burnout. The study also highlights the importance of managing stress to benefit fully from employees' psychological strengths.
Originality/value – With burnout as a mediating factor, the research is one of the few to examine the association between psychological capital (PsyCap) and work performance in the banking sector. As such, it significantly advances Nepalese literature in this area. It tackles largely unexplored topic in the banking sector and thoroughly examines the PsyCap's four dimensions – hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism and their effects on job performance and burnout.
Enhancing Women's Leadership in Local Government through Training
Authors: Guragain Govinda Prasad
Published: February 2025

Women in Nepal comprise nearly half of the total population, yet cultural attitudes and beliefs persist, hindering their social transformation. Cross-national research and training programs increasingly recognize the impact of subjective beliefs on women's empowerment, participation, and leadership, contributing to the emergence of knowledge societies. Recent local government reforms in Nepal have introduced quotas for women in grassroots democratic institutions, reflecting a recognition of women's concerns in government agendas. However, significant gaps remain in gender balancing within government policies and reform agendas. Women's participation, particularly of Dalits and underprivileged women, in local and parliamentary elections is a vital democratic practice at the grassroots level. Thus, addressing the state of women's participation at this level is imperative, as participation and empowerment are closely intertwined
State of Customary Governance System in Nepal: A Review
Authors: Thami Tahal
Published: February 2025

This article is based on the review of scholarly works on customary governance systems of Indigenous Peoples (IPs), prevalent in different communities, despite legal, political, and social adversaries, in Nepal and state imposed legal frameworks for "regulating" those self-governing traditions. Diverse online and physical sources were utilized to locate and acquire scholarly articles and the final set of literature pertinent to this review was determined using the PRISMA flow diagram. Legal instruments are selected purposively. The research questions addressed in this study are: What are the legal instruments that recognize IPs' customary governing systems in Nepal and to what degree those instruments ensures self-rule and autonomy? How self-rule and autonomy is exercised among IPs of Nepal? How customary governance systems interact with state governance systems? The core attributes of customary governance systems include collective leadership selection, participatory decision-making, and non-hierarchical power relations, unlike the state-embraced individualism, representative procedure, and hierarchy-based structure. After the promulgations of the 2015 federal Constitution, municipal governments, both rural and urban, started to acknowledge the customary system of governance of IPs enacting local legislations. Those state legislations, however, are driven by the assimilationist approach, tending to bring such systems under the jurisdiction and structure of the state rather than ensuring their autonomy and self-rule. Thus, IPs' demands and advocacy for legal recognition of customary governance system should be guided by the notion of de-Hinduization, de-Sanskritisation, de-Nepalization, and de-Brahminization to prevent NGO-ization and (political) Party-ization of their customary institutions and preservation of their distinct forms of self-rule.
स्थानीय सरकार भित्र सङ्घीयता
Authors: गुरुङ Gurung देवराज Devraj
Published: February 2025

Not available.
नेपालको संघीय संसदमा महिलाको सहभागिताः एक विश्लेषण
Authors: रुम्दाली राई Rumdali Rai निनी रेमा Nini Rema
Published: February 2025

Not available.
Gender Differences in the Physical Health of Older People: The Case of Palungtar Municipality, Gorkha District, Nepal
Authors: Mani Bijaya , Acharya Suresh
Published: February 2025

This study examines gender differences in the physical health of older adults, highlighting critical disparities that influence longevity and quality of life. Notably, women often live longer than men but experience poorer health outcomes, such as higher rates of disability and chronic illnesses. These differences are complicated by factors like socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and access to healthcare, suggesting that gender disparities in health are influenced by a complex interplay of biological, social, and psychological factors.
Utilizing a census method, this study collected comprehensive data from older people in Palungtar Municipality-5, Gorkha district through interviews using a structured questionnaire. This approach allowed for analysis of health conditions, lifestyle habits, and access to healthcare services. The study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how societal norms and personal behaviors influence gender disparities in physical health, thereby informing targeted interventions to improve the health and quality of life for older men and women. The findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive health interventions. Women, in particular, face greater challenges in mobility and self-care, likely exacerbated by conditions such as osteoporosis. Additionally, this research challenges traditional stereotypes about personal hygiene, showing that older men and women maintain similar levels of neatness and cleanliness, reflecting broader cultural shifts or increased capability among older men. The study's outcomes stress the importance of considering gender-specific needs and barriers when designing health programs and policies to ensure equitable healthcare and support for all older adults.
Irony of Fate: Kamal Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve
Authors: Shamim Samira
Published: February 2025

Kamala Markandaya presents the vivid picture of irony of fate in Nectar in a Sieve. The novel unfolds the elements of hunger and starvation in this novel very keenly. The protagonist of this novel faces a lot of problem in her life. The cause of poverty and miseries are reflected very realistically. Without doubt, the novel is a fervent cry of protest hunger and poverty.
Comentario a la idea de Antigüedad en Martin Heidegger
Authors: Ordóñez Burgos Jorge
Published: February 2025

Ordóñez Burgos, Jorge. Comentario a la idea de Antigüedad en Martin Heidegger. Martin Heidegger es uno de los filósofos más socorridos en la actualidad. Su interpretación de la fenomenología ha hecho escuela alrededor del mundo, a grado tal que en algunos círculos sus ideas son la filosofía. Entre los pilares que sostienen el pensamiento heideggeriano está la versión que construyó sobre el mundo griego, en especial de Aristóteles. El presente artículo es una sucinta revisión de la concepción de Antigüedad vertida en uno de sus cursos universitarios de 1926. Se invita al lector a poner en consideración los cuestionamientos que se exponen, destinados a verificar la solidez de los argumentos —si así pudiera llamárseles— empleados por Heidegger para reducir el panorama del pensamiento antiguo al estagirita y a una historiografía de la filosofía pobre, por no decir inexistente. Los conceptos fundamentales de la filosofía antigua son plenamente concordantes con el sistema heideggeriano, de donde no se desprende que estén exentos de arbitrariedad o de una fuerte carga ideológico–política. No existe una exposición nítida del mundo antiguo, siempre habrá tendencias y sesgos, el problema con Heidegger es el hacer pasar por expresiones de la razón acendrados dogmas.
Cuando a los derechos los convierten en mercancías
Authors: David Velasco Yáñez
Published: February 2025

Velasco Yáñez, David. Cuando a los derechos los convierten en mercancías. Este artículo forma parte del proyecto de investigación El Campo de los/as Defensores de Derechos Humanos en México. En esta ocasión se analiza el examen realizado a México por el Comité del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, en el que tanto el Estado mexicano como las ong presentaron sus informes sobre el cumplimiento de la convención; además de ello, destacamos tanto las problemáticas latentes sobre la aplicación del pacto como la visión del Grupo de Trabajo de la onu sobre las empresas y la responsabilidad de las empresas nacionales y trasnacionales en las violaciones de derechos humanos.
ENCADEAMENTO GEOQUÍMICO ENTRE SEDIMENTOS (SOLOS) E CULTIVARES EM PRAIAS, ALÉM DE CABELO HUMANO DE RIBEIRINHOS, AO LONGO DE RIOS DA BACIA DO PURUS NO ESTADO DO ACRE E A SUA IMPORTÂNCIA AMBIENTAL
Authors:   pós-graduação do PPGG/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Martins Milta , Costa Marcondes ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Published: February 2025

The state of Acre is located in southwestern Amazonia and are found two bigger important hydrographic basins (Purus and Juruá). The rivers have white water, and they show U- shaped valleys in the upper regions and with great floodplains in the lower areas. The water of these rivers is low during the dry season displaying beaches (point bars) and diffs. This situation benefits the population of the region who uses these areas for subsistence agriculture, cultivating mostly maize (Zea mays) and beans (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp), and complementing the diet with fish and meat of both domestic and wild animals. This work attempts to investigate the high fertility of these beaches and mainly the correlation between the sediments (soils) and crops and between sediments and the riparian (hair samples). The main rivers which constitute the Purus basin were included in the study as the towns of Sena Madureira (Iaco and Caeté Rivers), Manuel Urbano (Purus River) and those near Acre River valley (Assis Brazil, Brasiléia, Xapuri, Rio Branco and Porto Acre), where beach sediments, beans leaves and seeds, and maize leaves have been studied in 16 stations. The sediments were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (X-RD) for mineral identification and by MS-ICP. In attempt to verify the concentrations of elements (major and trace elements) such as Ca, Fe, K, Na, Ba, Zn, Mo, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, As and Se and their distribution between sediment (soil) and the crops chemical composition analyses were carried out by “água régia” plus MS-ICP and neutron activation methods.
Why did Mochalov ‘rage’ as Romeo? From the history of ‘Russian Shakespeare’: Romeo i Yuliya as a melodrama for a benefit performance
Authors: Lutsenko E. M.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the genre attribution of little-known Shakespeare adaptations produced in Russia in the first third of the 19th c. In particular, the author considers French and Russian reworkings of Romeo and Juliet’s story. Examined in detail is A. Rotchev’s melodrama Romeo i Yuliya (1827). The play has never been published, either separately or in a collection of dramatic works, and was scripted exclusively for a theatrical production (a benefit performance). The article successfully argues that Rotchev’s text draws on de Ségur’s French libretto for Steibelt’s opera and that P. Mochalov’s tragic interpretation of Romeo was inspired by the opera and especially V. Samoylov’s performance as the eponymous male lead. Rotchev adapts Romeo and Yuliya’s love story first and foremost for a viewer (and not a reader). Hence the choice of genre favoured by the audience of the day, resulting in an altered and dramatically distorted idea of Shakespeare’s play (a shift from tragedy to melodrama). Analyzing Rotchev’s play, the scholar finds proof that the theatrical and the literary critical interpretation of Shakespeare in the Romantic era (Shakespeare as a dramatic poet) should be viewed entirely separately.
V. Grossman’s appeal to the People’s Commissioner of Internal Affairs of the USSR
Authors: Solodukhina L. N.
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the arrest and imprisonment of the literary scholar Victor Grossman. L. Solodukhina cites and comments hitherto unpublished documents, such as Grossman’s appeal to re-examine his case and his interrogation transcripts. He was arrested by NKVD in the night of 9 March 1938, on the charges of being a member of ‘the terrorist organization of Social-Revolutionaries (SR) and Menshiviks formed at the Moscow College of Defence Counsels.’ As grounds for his arrest, the authorities referred to his membership, as a 17-year-old, in a revolutionary SR society in Batum and Odessa in 1905, as well as his brief career as an SR politician (from March to August of 1917), which ended with his election to the Moscow City Duma (Parliament) in the same year. Following his arrest, and despite the absence of any proof of involvement with the terrorist organization, Grossman was sentenced to 8 years in a prison camp. Released in 1946, he was arrested again in 1948. The publication is supplied with a detailed account of the reasons behind Grossman’s first and second detentions and his everyday life in the camp. The article also reconstructs the context of Grossman’s life defined by the respective historical period.
Mikhail Bulgakov and Vladik avkaz. The play The Sons of the Mullah [Synovia mully] and its Ossetic translation
Authors: Dzaparova E. B.
Published: February 2025

The article is concerned with a little-researched period in the life of M. Bulgakov, who spent 1919 to 1921 in Vladikavkaz. The study discusses the reasons for his settling in the city and for the hasty departure to Tiflis in 1921. Also included in the article is the first scholarly publication of an Ossetic translation of Bulgakov’s only surviving early play The Sons of the Mullah [Synovia mully]. Bulgakov famously loathed his early theatrical works and wished that the plays, including The Sons…, written in Vladikavkaz after he gave up his medical practice, would sink into oblivion. The play’s holograph, however, survived, and so did its Ossetic translation by B. Totrov, a professional actor and a personal acquaintance of Bulgakov’s. E. Dzaparova reconstructs the history of the stage production of The Sons of the Mullah in Vladikavkaz and provides numerous details to describe Bulgakov’s life in the city in the years 1919–2021. The study concludes with a comparison between the Russian text and its Ossetic translation.
Franziska Thun-Hohenstein. Das Leben schreiben. Warlam Schalamow. Biographie und Poetik
Authors: Zherebin A. I.
Published: February 2025

F. Thun-Hohenstein’s Das Leben Schreiben. Warlam Schalamow. Biographie und Poetik — the result of long-term archival and analytical research — is the experience in creating an intellectual biography of one of the main representatives of unofficial literature of the Soviet era. The reconstruction of Shalamov’s biography of a prisoner of Stalin’s concentration camps develops into an in-depth analysis of the crisis of humanism and the transformation of avant-garde aesthetics in the conditions of this crisis. The researcher pays special attention to how the writer’s ethical and aesthetic position was formed and attempts to fit the drama of his life and the analysis of his works into the context of Soviet culture in the 1920s–1970s. The book expressively demonstrates the view of a modern German researcher on one of the most dramatic episodes in the history of Russian culture.
THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF GEORGIAN AND ABKHAZ TOPONYMS IN SAMURZAQANO
Authors: Monika Khobelia
Published: February 2025

The given article presents an analysis of the morphological and semantic structure of the Georgian and Abkhaz toponyms of Samurzaqano. The relevance of the topic is determined by the following circumstance: specifically, after 1993, the toponymic situation in this region changed radically: all toponyms of Georgian origin were prohibited, and Abkhaz names invented by separatists - names that had never existed before or were unofficial versions of Georgian toponyms adapted into the Abkhaz language—became dominant.
Our aim is to provide a detailed morphological analysis of the Georgian and Abkhaz toponyms from the pre-occupation period of the Samurzaqano region in Abkhazia. The research is based on toponyms recorded by the well-known Georgian researcher Paata Tskhadaia.
It was found that the majority of microtoponyms in the studied area are entirely Georgian in structure: they are Georgian, or Mingrelian, or contain Mingrelian roots, bases, and affixes used as derivational affixes.
The second group of toponyms is entirely in the Abkhaz language, and here too, a diverse picture emerges in terms of morphological analysis. Specifically, there are both simple-rooted Abkhaz toponyms and complex-rooted, composite-derived Abkhaz toponyms, in which the morphological and syntactic features characteristic of Abkhaz determinatives and boundary markers are preserved.
The examined material clearly shows that the toponyms of Samurzaqano represent a variety of morphological and semantic groups. It is noteworthy that Kartvelian toponyms and derivational affixes are more dominant, and even in Abkhaz roots, Kartvelian derivational affixes are often present.
Fine-tuning Large Language Model (BERT) for Islamic Moral Inquiry and Response
Authors: Binti Mohd Nazri Nurul Aiman , Binti Omar A'wathif , Bin Amir Hussin Amir 'Aatieff
Published: February 2025

The development of Large Language Models (LLM) that are capable of understanding and responding to issues from an Islamic perspective is extremely insightful as it will benefit many people. For an LLM to do so, it is not enough for the model to only understand the language, but it also needs to understand the context and specific doctrines within the Islamic texts due to the complexity of Islamic jurisprudence and moral philosophy. Therefore, in this research, we intend to fine-tune an LLM model which is known as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) for Islamic moral inquiry and response. By incorporating Islamic principles, norms, and teaching into the model, we aim to enhance the pre-trained BERT model’s ability to perform moral-related Question Answering (QA) tasks. The original model that we chose is deepset BERT model which was built based on BERT-large and meticulously pre-trained using the SQuaD 2.0 dataset, specifically for QA tasks. We fine-tune the model using the data extracted from “Islam: Questions and Answers: Character and Morals”, the Volume 13 of a Series of Islamic Books by Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, where the data has been cleaned and pre-processed. The fine-tuning process used supervised learning techniques, to ensure its proficiency in understanding Islamic principles, providing accurate, contextually appropriate, and theologically sound responses. We assessed the model using F1 score and Levenshtein similarity evaluation metrics where F1 score merges precision and recall by computing their harmonic mean, while Levenshtein similarity compares the predicted and actual answers at the character level by normalizing the Levenshtein distance. Our research yielded significant success, evidenced by the remarkable enhancement in the average F1 scores and Levenshtein similarities, soaring from 0.30 and 0.24, to 0.74 and 0.67 respectively.
Biocompatibility of MSC-Seeded Pelvic Patch
Authors: Jianfeng Luo
Published: February 2025

Objective: To investigate the Biocompatibility of a silk fibroin/collagen/poly (lactide-co-caprolactone) (SF/COL/PLCL) electrospun three-dimensional nanofibre scaffold seeded with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in rats.

Methods: Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups of six; the first received a patch seeded with UC-MSCs, whereas the second received a control patch without UC-MSCs. The patches were implanted subcutaneously in the abdomens of rats, and subsequent inflammatory reactions and levels of tissue generation and angiogenesis were monitored over a 12-week period using haematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, alongside quantitative fluorescence PCR.

Results: The cell viability was strongest when the SF/COL/PLCL patch was seeded with UC-MSCs for up to 7 days, and cells retained normal morphology and structure when viewed under an electron microscope. The implanted patches seeded with UC-MSCs showed better tissue fusion, faster degradation, and higher deposition of collagen fibres and neovascularization than the naked patches for up to 12 weeks, (p<0.01), but there was no significant difference in fibrosis scores between the two groups (p>0.05). By the end of the study, rats receiving the seeded nanofibre implants showed improved inflammation resolution, as reflected by lower IL-6 levels (p<0.01). However, IL-2, IL-8, and TNF-α levels were not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion(s): The application of UC-MSCs to SF/COL/PLCL patches has the potential to improve the levels of tissue fusion and reduce inflammation, making it a potential treatment for human pelvic floor reconstruction.
Zinc Iodide-Dimethyl Sulfoxide Composition in Treatment of Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Authors: X Hoang Ba
Published: February 2025

Zinc iodide and dimethyl sulfoxide (ZIDS) are well-characterized pharmaceutical agents that have been used in the treatment of different acute and chronic diseases. This report presents observational retrospective clinical evidence of using ZIDS for treating respiratory conditions including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although our current report summarizes a series of anecdotal clinical cases, the clinical evidence suggests a possible application of ZIDS as a safe, inexpensive, and potentially effective therapy that can mitigate the symptoms and reduce the morbidity-mortality of patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Given that ZIDS comprises accepted pharmaceutical agents used in practical medicine, possible research and application of this therapeutic composition could potentially open up a new perspective avenue for the treatment of acute and chronic respiratory diseases that have been grown worldwide for the last decades.
Dorsal Wrist Lesion, a Ganglion Presenting with Extrapulmonary TB –A Case Report
Authors: Choudhury Chishti Tanhar Bakth
Published: February 2025

Compound dorsal ganglion around wrist joint accompanying with extrapulmonary Tuberculosis is a concern in tubercular pathology. Sometimes this lesion can compress over neuravascular structures. Weakness, malaise, febrile episodes, wt. loss, poor appetite, nausea are the constitutional symptoms. Definitive diagnosis by excisional biopsy and anti tubercular therapy can cure the disease with follow up.
Occupational Health Network in the Literature from 2019 to 2022
Authors: Sánchez Arturo
Published: February 2025

Governance is institutional when common objectives, tasks and goals prevail in its relationship structure. The isomorphism that distinguishes health institutions can be seen in their care protocols, but also in the findings reported in the literature and external observations. The objective of the study was to establish the structure of relationships between the findings reported in the literature to compare them with the observations of experts. A documentary study was carried out with a sample of sources published in institutional repositories, considering the search by keywords over a period of 25 years. The results show a centralized government in the isomorphism, but conflictive, as well as a peripheral corporate government. In relation to the consulted literature, lines of study related to the dimensions of institutional governance are indicated.
Penile Constriction Devices – 3 Cases Experience
Authors: Vaidya Kaustubh
Published: February 2025

Penile constriction devises are a rare but challenging clinical entity in urologic practice. they are applied for myriad reasons and depends on the age group. In adult and elderly males, they are applied to enhance sexual experience, in adolescent and young males they are applied as a part of sexual curiosity. Here we present a series of 3 cases with penile constriction devices. A 24 years old male patient presenting after 5 days with a metallic bolt over his penis, with distal edema and discoloration. Bolt was cut with a motorized rotating saw and decompression was done. A 57 years old man with rubber band applied to the base of penis,rubber band was cut and patient managedconservatively. And a 51 years old male with metal ring applied to penile base before sexual intercourse, ring cut with rotating saw and penile congestion was relieved. All the caseswere managed conservatively without any adversesequelae.
Sepsis: The New Approach to The Successful Solving of The Problem
Authors: Ostapiuk Lesia
Published: February 2025

Background: The significant improvement of immediate and long-term functional results of treating of patients is the fundamental problem of modern medical science. A deep understanding of the pathogenesis is the key point in creating the management strategy for patients with various diseases. Information about the mechanisms of origin and development of purulent-inflammatory diseases and sepsis is essential for finding effective ways to prevent and treat them.

The aim of the research is to use the method of fluorescence spectroscopy in creating pathogenetic diagnostic and treatment model for the prevention and treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases and sepsis.

Methods:

Stage 1 consisted of an in vitro study, Stage 2 covered - 100 patients with surgical purulent-inflammatory diseases (including 15 patients with sepsis), Stage 3 engaged 180 women with postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases (main group), 40 women with uncomplicated course of the postpartum period (control group), Stage 4 involved 20 patients with burn injury (main group), 35 people with burn injury (comparison group). In addition to standard treatments, patients also underwent serum studies using the method of fluorescence spectroscopy.

Result(s): We have proposed the pathogenetic concept of diagnostic and treatment approach for purulent-inflammatory diseases and sepsis. As part of the method of fluorescence spectroscopy, thorough studies of the serum of patients with postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases, of patients with a surgical profile, including sepsis, as well as burns trauma were conducted. A thorough analysis of the obtained results was provided.

Conclusion(s): Based on our proposed pathogenetic concept, the possible mechanisms of sepsis and effective methods of diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis for its spread are discussed in details. It is proposed to use the pathogenetic component of the treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases and sepsis on the basis of the pathogenetic model, which has been developed by us.
Relationship of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 in the Alteration of Proteins Involved in the Incidence of Alzheimer
Authors: Pietro Luciana
Published: February 2025

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a syndrome of chronic or progressive origin that can deteriorate neural functions, especially cognitive ones, with worsening of memory, thinking, orientation, understanding of learning capacity and judgment, usually accompanied by bipolarity.

Aim: to analyze the influence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) on the alteration of proteins involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease.

Materials and methods: This is a systematic review study, in English and Portuguese, between 2010 and 2022.

Results: From the data collection, it was possible to observe the relationship of amyloid beta and tau proteins with Alzheimer's, and the direct impact that glycemic dysregulation due to insulin resistance, considered one of the main characteristics of DM2, it can cause, leading to the accumulation of beta-amyloid and Tau hyperphosphorylation, making it possible to state that there is a connection between DM2 and AD, acting as a cofactor for the development of the disease of Alzheimer's and evolution of more severe conditions.

Conclusions: we can see that there is a link between DM2 and AD, due to selective deficiencies in insulin signaling, together with the positive regulation and accumulation of beta amyloid protein and hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, being a cofactor for the development of Alzheimer's disease and the evolution of more severe conditions.
Drug Discoveries and Challenges for Accurate dose Applications by Packaging Devices
Authors: Chanda Anupam
Published: February 2025

Accurate Dose dispensing of any particular drugs is most important which is directly linked with speedy recovery of patients, for that packaging design of drug delivery devices are most critical. Validation of Packaging design need to carry out methodically as per regulatory guidelines. Wide ranges of drug delivery devices are available like: Glass and polymeric bottles and droppers (with marking) for Oral drugs, Polymeric and glass bottle and droppers (with marking) Ophthalmic products. Polymeric dropper bottle and Polymeric spray bottles for Nasal spray, Glass and Polymeric Prefilled (with marking) for Injectable products, Glass and polymeric bottles (with marking) are using for IV products.
External Support Arch of The Feet
Authors: Valentyn Gusyev
Published: February 2025

Doctors do not have knowledge in the field of biomechanics, and therefore cannot understand the kinematics of the pairing of the bones of the skeleton of the feet. Speaking of flat feet, no one thinks about the presence of supporting arches, from which all deformations begin. This is the outer longitudinal and transverse vaults of the arched form. It is they that provide the spring function of the feet, dampen shock loads, protecting the brain from concussion. According to the laws of mechanics, it is these vaults that rest on three points, forming a reference triangle. The General Center of Gravity (GCG) of the body must be projected into the Center of Gravity (CG) of this triangle, into the area of ​​its support to ensure the stability of the body, its vertical position.