bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The method of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
Authors: Mamenko I. S. , Vasilev I. V. , Tabanakova I. A. , Vikulova I. V. , Asekova N. R. , Ushkov A. D. , Novickaya T. A. , Yablonskii P. K.
Published: August 2022

The diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) remains one of the most challenging issues in pulmonology. The article demonstrates the capabilities of the method of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) in diagnosing various forms of IIPs and provides comparisons with CT and the histological picture. According to the data obtained, it is difficult to distinguish most IIPs from each other using pCLE. Among the specific signs, a large number of alveolar cells in pCLE in a nonsmoking patient with desquamative interstitial pneumonia is not typical for other IIP in nonsmokers. Also, pCLE can be used to differentiate between IIP and other conditions, in particular, malignant lesions.
Treatment of benign positional paroxysmal vertigo in clinical settings in India: a cross sectional pilot survey
Authors: P. Sreeram , Prabhakaran Prabash
Published: August 2022

Background: The usage pattern and effectiveness of various treatment strategies for benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV) have not been widely reported in routine clinical settings in India. The aim of the study was to understand treatment patterns and level of symptom improvement in Indian patients presenting with symptoms of BPPV in clinical practice.Methods: A cross-sectional pan-India survey was conducted with leading neurologists and otolaryngologists. A detailed questionnaire was shared with specialists which was followed by semi-structured telephonic interviews to gather a deeper understanding of their treatment practices. The obtained data was analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.Results: A total of 5 neurologists and 8 ENT specialists completed the survey. Physicians reported that age, but not gender, was an important factor when selecting appropriate treatment. Specialists reported that in their clinical practice symptom improvement is better with betahistine plus maneuvers compared to betahistine only alone (97% verses 90% cure rate) and is comparable with maneuvers (97% verses 98% cure rate, respectively). Dix Hallpike and supine roll test using videonystagmography were the most recommended tests used to diagnose BPPV. Betahistine plus maneuvers was the most commonly prescribed treatment for BPPV, and clinicians observed greater decrease in the severity of BPPV symptoms with betahistine plus maneuvers versus betahistine alone or maneuvers. The Visual analog scale (VAS) was the most widely used scale for assessing severity of BPPV symptoms.Conclusions: These findings indicate that betahistine plus maneuvers provides better control over symptom severity in patients with BPPV.
Epidemiology of recurrent anterior cruciate ligament injuries according to sport type
Authors: Sunbol Khalid Mohammed , Alsuwaidan Marwa Fahad , Huraysi Abdulwahab Yahya , Elsharif Yahia Abdullah , Alsuwaine Basil Abdulrahman , Alkhalifah Abdulhadi Abdullah , Almunaikh Mohammed Jamal , Almarzooq Jawad Najeeb , Almutairi Fahad Saleh , Kattan Mohammed Abdulaziz , Alghamdi Mohammed Ahmed
Published: August 2022

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the two cruciate ligaments that helps to strengthen the knee joint. It is a common knee injury, which often occurs in sports players. There is no bias against age or gender; however, it has been suggested in literature that women are at increased risk of secondary ACL injury. These injuries can have serious consequences for an injured athlete, including high medical costs, long off playing time, and an elevated chance of developing early osteoarthritis. Recurrent ACL injuries are described as injuries that occur in the same knee which has been previously treated. A recurrent ACL may be the result of a severe injury to the same position, graft failure, or an improper surgical procedure. Studies have reported significant prevalence of recurrent ACL. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about the epidemiology of recurrent ACL injuries. Athletes returning to sports field within two years of injury have higher chance of recurrent ACL injury. Variable prevalence of recurrent ACL injuries is reported in literature and limited studies are available. The young age, high level of exposure to physical activity, and the use of allograft all increase the chances of further ACL injury. Future population-based epidemiological studies can be beneficial and are need of time.
To study the role of sputum cytology in patients with bronchial asthma and COPD
Authors: Tuppekar Balaji G , Patel Shahid M , Nair Girija P , Uppe Abhay G
Published: August 2022

COPD is the major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. In addition to this, the major factor that is contributing in this disease is smoking. This kind of problem occurs due to airflow obstruction that influences the progressive and accompanied hyper-responsiveness. The patients with Asthma and COPD overlap (ACO) have a poor quality of life and more rapid decline in lung functions and high mortality. Also, they consume a disproportionate amount of health care resources. Moreover, sputum cell counts are extensively used in the treatment of asthma and COPD. The clinical application of sputum cell count in patients with both COPD and asthma remain elusive.

The study aims to study the role of sputum cytology in patients with Bronchial Asthma and COPD.

It was a prospective study carried out in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, D Y Patil Medical College, Nerul, Navimumbai, Maharashtra, India. The period of the study was from January 2020 to June 2021. The number of healthy patients recruited for the current study was 20, along with 20 asthmatic patients and 30 COPD patients. Spirometry and body plethysmography was used to measure the capacity and volume of the lungs of all the patients. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was conducted for counting the differences in counts of lung function variables and sputum cells.

The mean age of healthy patients was 62.78±6.1 years, asthmatic patient was 55.9±12.8 years and COPD patients was 65.8±5.2 years. According to the analysis, the specific airway's conductance for aesthetic patients was [0.60±0.04 kPa.Sec⁻¹] and for the patient who was suffering from COPD, the score was [1.82±0.19 kPa.Sec⁻¹] and the outcome for healthy patients was [1.19±0.12 kPa.Sec⁻¹].

The study has found a strong relationship between sGaw and neutrophil and the neutrophil-macrophage ratio of COPD patients. According to the analysis of the study outcome, eosinophils are important for the respiratory inflammatory infiltrates in asthma patients as well as in COPD.
Clinical characteristics of covid 19 (SARS-CoV-2) patients at a tertiary health care centre
Authors: Dugad Sushama , Shinde Ravindra J , Kulkarni Gauri , Subbarao Kappagantu Surya Chaitanya Neeladrirao
Published: August 2022

Global pandemic started in early December 2019 from Wuhan, China and this didn’t spare any part of the world. Millions of deaths have been reported and the disease treatment has been itself challenging due to varied clinical presentation. Hence, we studied to know the clinical characteristics and comorbidities associated withSARS-CoV-2.

Observational study was conducted during period of May 2020 to July 2020 on patients diagnosed positive for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR method. Study was don’t know the clinical characteristics, comorbidities and outcome of the patients.

Our study found out of 640 patients admitted, 70.31% were males while females were 29.68% and mostly affected were age group of 30-39 age (26.4%). Fever was observed most commonly in our study group. 77.34% patients didn’t have any coexisting comorbidity in the admitted cases; Hypertension was most common among the admitted cases. We found mortality in 12.66% cases and concomitant diabetes and hypertension was leading comorbidity in the deaths of SARS-CoV-2.

COVID 19 has spread like wildfire globally since first reported in Wuhan, China. It has a wide spectrum of clinical presentation with no particular signs and symptoms pinpointing the diagnosis. Appropriate investigations with quicker results are needed to achieve the same.
Outcome and complications of open reduction and internal fixation in ankle fractures at a tertiary care center
Authors: Sivaram G V Venkata , Jaiswal Ritesh , Reddy S.V.L. Narasimha , Srinath Daruru Venkata
Published: August 2022

Closed reduction used for management of ankle fractures usually result into delayed healing. It inhibits the healing of the ankle fractures. On the contrary, open reduction and internal fixation helps to preserve the supply of blood not only to soft tissues but also bones. This way it helps in proper and timely healing.

To study outcome and complications of open reduction and internal fixation in ankle fractures

A hospital based prospective study was carried out among 40 cases of ankle fractures. Detailed history, general examination were carried out as per the pre-tested, pre-designed study questionnaire. Once patient was found to be eligible for present study, surgical profile and pre-anesthetic check-up was done as per standard guidelines. All patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation method.

Most commonly affected age group was 31-40 years (40%). Males were affected more than females (4:1). Vehicular accident was most common cause (65%) of ankle fracture. 95% had closed fracture. Most common injury pattern (57.5%) was Pronation external rotation. K-wire was most commonly used (40%) operative technique. Among the variables, open type of fracture and other mode of injury were significantly associated with painful gait. There were no other complications recorded. 70% had excellent outcome and 25% had good outcome. Among all factors studied, only open type of fracture was found associated with functional outcome that is not excellent.

Thus open reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice in case of fracture ankle joint, with very less change of complications
The prevalence of NAFLD in CAD and it’s correlation with their severity
Authors: Parhi Ashirbad , Satpathy Chhabi , Mohanty Nirmal Kumar , Routray Satya Narayan , Dash Bijay Kumar
Published: August 2022

To study the prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Coronary Artery Disease patient and the correlation of Coronary Artery Disease severity in patients of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Study included 124 patients of Coronary Artery Disease who underwent detailed clinical and anthropometric examination and routine blood investigations. Ultrasonography of abdomen was done and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease grading was done. Coronary angiography was done and angiographic severity was calculated by Gensini score.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease was found in 71% of patient. There is a significant difference of Gensini score between patients with and without Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. All the stage of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease had a significant difference of Gensini score among them with but there was no difference of Gensini score between stage 1 and 2.

The presence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is associated with a higher Gensini score, however a higher grade of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease doesn’t mandate a higher Gensini score.
A prospective comparative study of TZANAKIS score versus ALVARADO score in the effective diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Patel Lincoln Kumar , Dash Koresh Prasad , Mallick Sworupa Nanda , Mishra Anupam
Published: August 2022

: Multiple scoring systems have been addressed to identify those patients who need emergency appendicectomy as the risk of delay could be avoided. Of these, the consideration of both sore related to the Alvarado and Tzanakis is essential for the study to understand the effective diagnose of acute appendicitis.

The study aims to compare and evaluate Alvarado and Tzanakis score for diagnosing the acute appendicitis.

This study was conducted in the department of General Surgery associated with the M.K.C.G, Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur from August, 2018 to July, 2020. A total of 96 patients were being considered for carrying out a systematic study after carefully verifying a variety of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. To conduct the study in a systematic manner, the doctor has analyzed and given the score of Alvarado and Tzanakis. On the basis of score of these two approaches, the medical team has provided the treatment to these patients. The proper identification of score has helped to select the method of operation and surgery. In addition to this, the comparison of score focusing on the NPV and PPV has also allowed for identifying the sensitivity.

The Alvarado and Tzanakis score was found to have sensitivity along with the specificity of 94.44% and 83.33% respectively. However, the PPV and NPV was found to be 98.84% and 50.00% respectively as compared to Alvarado score where sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV was found out to be 77.77%, 66.66%, 97.22% and 16.66% respectively.

From the study, it has carried out that the Tzanakis scoring system has been addressed a more reliable for analyzing the condition of patients and offering the treatment. Diagnostic. Alvarado score, with the former achieving higher sensitivity and PPV.
Prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation in trauma patients in western Rajasthan
Authors: Baniya Girish Chandra , Kumar Surender , Verma Kamala
Published: August 2022

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder in trauma patients. Early detection of depression in a traumatized patients can help alleviate long-term symptoms and adverse effects associated with depression. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation in trauma patients after one month of injury.

Hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 120 individuals with a history of trauma from March 2020 to May 2020. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants over a specified period. The Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to measure depression intensity and suicidal ideation. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20.

The study included a total of 120 participants. The prevalence of depression was 30% in study participants. In our study, 8 (44.44%) of 18 participants over the age of 60, 30 (36.59%) of 82 male participants, 9 (64.29%) of 14 separated or divorced participants, 17 (45.95%) of 37 illiterate participants, 25 (43.86%) of 57 participants from low socioeconomic backgrounds, and 23 (42.59%) of 54 participants from rural backgrounds had more depression. Twenty (46.51%) out of 43 polytrauma participants, 5 (45.45%) out of 11 participants injured due to violence, 31 (33.70%) out of 92 participants who had a history of more than 48 hrs hospitalization, and 17 (48.57%) out of 35 participants had a history of ICU admission had more depression. Twenty-one participants (58.33%) of the 36 who suffered from depression had suicidal thoughts or intentions.

Suicidal ideation and depression were more common in traumatic patients. Physicians' treatment should not be limited to early physical rehabilitation. They must also prioritise early mental rehabilitation in order to avoid long-term issues with mental and physical disabilities.
A study on serum calcium and magnesium levels in seizures disorders in pediatric age
Authors: Thummakomma Murali Krishna , Mandala Vinod Kumar , Siddhartha G , Chandra T Jaya
Published: August 2022

Seizures are the most common neurologic disorder of childhood. A study was undertaken to find the correlation between serum Calcium and Magnesium levels and seizure disorders in pediatric age.

It was a prospective case control time bound study, conducted in the department of paediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad. Study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Informed written consent was taken from the parents of the participants. Children of both gender, aged I month – 14 years with seizures were included, included in the test and non seizures in control category. After through clinical examination venous blood samples were collected for the estimation of serum electrolyte levels, 24 hours after onset of seizures on admission. T test was used to find the statistical significance and p > 0.05 was considered statistically significance.

The mean age was 8.6 and 7.8 years respectively in test and control groups. Seizures were diagnosed to be due togliosis, mesial temporal sclerosis, infarcts, hippocampal sclerosis, leighs disease.Statistically there was significant difference between the serum electrolyte levels.

There was decrease in serum Ca and Mg levels with seizures. However, there was no correlation between serum electrolytes and severity of seizures.
Study of risk factors and prevalence of hypertension among type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Arunkumar S , Sakthivel V , Babu R Praveen , Sathish.V Naveen
Published: August 2022

According to the World Health Organization, hypertension is responsible for 13% of all deaths worldwide, making it a critical public health problem in developing and developed countries. Economic development, affluence, urbanization, and dietary westernization have contributed to a rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension in South Asian countries.

To study the prevalence of hypertension among adult type 2 diabetic patients and identify risk factors that may affect the development of hypertension in those patients.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2009 to May 2010 at the Department of Diabetology and Medicine Vinayaka Mission's Medical College & Hospital, Karaikal. 100 patients with Type 2 Diabetes of age 35 and above were screened and included in the study.

Out of 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus, 54 patients were hypertensive, and 46 were non-hypertensive. Hypertension was found to be more common in people aged 45 to 64.Our study reported that hypertension was present in 29% of males and 25% of females. Complications like neuropathy (9.3%) non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (46.51%); proliferative diabetic retinopathy (4.65%); hypertensive retinopathy (2.33%); nephropathy (2.33%); ulcer foot (4.65%); coronary artery disease (27.9%) and stroke (2.33%) were observed in Diabetic patients and were identified as an independent risk factor for hypertension. It was also found that 31.94% of study populations were in the pre-hypertensive stage and 22.22% were in the second stage of hypertension.

The prevalence of hypertension in patients with DM is high. Duration of diabetes was also one of the contributing factors for hypertension in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also concluded that the prevalence of hypertension increases with age advancement in DM.
Assessment of microbiological profile in peritoneal dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ramani CP , Sornaranjani M , Karuppasamy K
Published: August 2022

Peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). It is the primary reason for hospitalization and switching over to hemodialysis. In the present study, we aimed to determine the microbiological profile of peritoneal dialysis fluid in patients with acute and chronic renal failure and identify these organisms' susceptibility patterns.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Institute of Microbiology and Institute of Nephrology in the Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital from April 2016 to March 2017. A total of 100 patients who were >18 years of age, acute and chronic renal failure patients who underwent Peritoneal Dialysis and patients on Continuous and Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis were included.

The study population included 100 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. 63% were males, and 37% were females. The patients had a mean age of 44.15±13.89. 28 samples were culture positive, out of which 13 (46.4%) were Gram-negative, 10 (35.7%) were Gram-positive and 5 (17.9%) were Fungal isolates. Among them, the majority were Acinetobacter baumannii (20%) and Candida non-albicans (20%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (16%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (16%), Klebsiella oxytoca (8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4%), Enterococcus faecalis (4%).

Peritoneal infections were more common in patients with longer duration of dialysis and diabetes mellitus. CAPD patients were having a higher risk of infections compared to IPD. As the number of infections associated with peritoneal dialysis rises, routine PD fluid microbiological analysis after the procedure will help improve patient care by using appropriate antibiotics as soon as possible before any major clinical problem arises.
Pulmonary tuberculosis: An observational study to compare radiographic abnormalities with reference to smear microscopy status
Authors: Agarwal Dipti , Narayan Shamrendra , Agarwal Hemant Kr , Singh Arvind Kr , Pandey Manoj
Published: August 2022

Interpretation of Chest X Ray (CXR) in relation to sputum smear microscopy can be useful in early diagnosis of pulmonary TB. The study aimed to compare the CXR findings in pulmonary TB cases with positive sputum microscopy and negative sputum microscopy.

Patients with presumptive pulmonary TB were grouped into smear positive pulmonary TB and smear negative pulmonary TB groups based on CXR and sputum smear microscopy.

CXR findings in the two groups were compared using chi square and students- t test.

A total of 225 patients with presumptive pulmonary TB were evaluated. Of these, 174 subjects were included in the study: 129 (74.2%) in smear positive pulmonary TB group and 45(25.8%) in smear negative pulmonary TB group. Parenchymal involvement was the most common finding in both smear positive and smear negative groups seen in 118 (91.5%) and 42 (93.3%) subjects, respectively. The area of parenchymal involvement was significantly more in smear positive group as compared to smear negative group (p<0.001). Cavitation was more commonly associated with smear positive group (p=0.005) Nodal enlargement was significantly more common among smear negative subjects (p<.001).

CXR could detect 25.8% smear negative pulmonary TB cases. Extensive parenchymal infiltration and cavitation were more commonly associated with smear positive patients whereas nodal involvement was significantly more common in smear negative patients.
Prescribing pattern of drugs amongst COVID-19 patients in a medical college hospital
Authors: Agrawal V K , Agrawal Pooja , Singhal Aditya
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted to studyprescribing pattern of drugs amongst mild to moderate COVID-19 patients in COVID dedicated medical college hospital in northern India.

: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted in a COVID dedicated medical college hospital at Uttar Pradesh India. Demographic data, hospitalization data, and drug utilization pattern of all laboratory confirmed mild to moderate COVID-19 patients of all age groups, either sex, and admitted between 01 July 20 to 30 September 2020 were retrieved and analyzed.

Out of 767 COVID-19 patients 66.62% were male and 33.38% were female. Mean age of COVID-19 patients were 51 years. Average numbers of drug prescribed per patients were seven. Number of drug prescribed per patients increased in older COVID-19 patients and COVID-19 patients having co-morbidities. Most common prescribed drug was paracetamol (100%), followed by Vitamin C (99.08%), followed by multivitamins (97.78%), followed by protonpump inhibitors (74.84%), followed by antihistaminices in 51.89% cases followed by hydroxychloroquine and Ivermectin was prescribed in 47.84% cases. Most common antibiotic prescribed was Amoxicillin (40.94%), followed by Azithromycin (34.41%), and followed by Doxycycline (29.20%) cases. Flavipiravir was prescribed in 15.12% cases. Corticosteroids were prescribed in 16.30% cases.

Drug used for admitted COVID-19 patients were diverse and were in accordance to existing guidelines.
Clinical presentation of orbital mucormycosis in North –West Rajasthan: An observational study
Authors: Bhargava Poonam , Joshi Rashmi , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Maherda Lakshita , Sharma Gargi , Jangir Shilpa
Published: August 2022

India has witnessed severe complications after the second wave of global covid 19 pandemic. The new covid virus variant is so much lethal that it causes severe immunodepression in the covid survivors, and makes them prone to the opportunistic and rare mucormycosis infection.

To see the spectrum of ocular manifestations in the patients of post Covid 19 mucormycosis.

This was an observational study, carried out at tertiary care centre in North - West Rajasthan. Patients of mucormycosis during second wave of covid 19 pandemic in the month of April and May were included in the study. covid was diagnosed either by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) / high resolution computed tomography HRCT. Routine blood investigation, contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) of paranasal sinuses, orbit and brain was done. Pottasium hydroxide (KOH) mount of nasal swab/biopsy was done for confirmation. Thorough ocular examination was done according to the preformed proforma.

Out of 61 patients of mucormycosis, 47 patients had ocular involvement varying from common symptoms like lid edema, chemosis, proptosis to sight threatening central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), Orbital Apex Syndrome and Panophthalmitis. A rare presentation of corneal ulcer and corneal eschar was also seen.

Rhino orbital cerebral mucormycosis is a vision and life threatening opportunistic infection. A high index of clinical suspicion and early diagnosis with multi-disciplinary approach for the treatment can save the life of the patient.
A study of clinical profile and outcome of malaria in adults at government general hospital, Nizamabad
Authors: Kumar Ch Subhash , Prashanth D , Kumar D Sharath , Reddy M Harikrishna
Published: August 2022

What has to be stressed is the need to be cautious with such individuals and to broaden our differentials to include P. vivax as a possible cause of severe malaria. Patients who are aggressively handled and treated can have a better outcome.

To study the clinical profile and outcome of malaria in adults at Government General Hospital in our local area.

A Cross-sectional, observational study done in Department of general medicine in Fifty smear positive malaria patients admitted to the medical wards and intensive care units are included in the study. Study done for a period of 1 Year . Patients of either gender, above 18 years of age and below 60 years of age, diagnosed with malaria on peripheral smear were included in study.

: A total number of 50 smear positive malaria patients were included in the study. Majority of the patients belongs to the age group of 18-30 years [36%] CNS findings: Altered Sensorium was seen in 20% patients and convulsions were seen in 20% patients. Complicated malaria was present in 76% patients and uncomplicated malaria was present in 24% patients. Complicated falciparum malaria was present in 30% patients and Complicated Vivax malaria was present in 46% patients. Uncomplicated falciparum malaria was present in 4% patients and Uncomplicated Vivax malaria was present in 20% patients. Mortality was seen in 6% patients. Mortality was seen in the age group of 41- 50 years [66.7%] and 31-40 years [33.3%].

: Malaria complications can be reduced by studying the clinical profile of the disease and using proper antimalarial medication treatment. This aids in the reduction of malaria morbidity and death, as well as the country's long-term economic prosperity.
Comparative study of UTI in high-risk pregnant patients and patients attending to ANC clinics
Authors: Gunjal Roopali , S Deepa , C Ravindranath , Mundary Sakuntala , Kavatagi Kiran , Sonawane Sonal
Published: August 2022

Asymptomatic bacteriuria, UTI and pyelonephritis increase risk of preterm labour and premature rupture of the membranes which results indirectly in worse foetal outcome which was highlighted in this study. Also, the number of drug resistant pathogens are increasing as these high-risk pregnant patients are more prone for instrumentation, procedures which indirectly exposes the patients to hospital acquired pathogens.

In this prospective study, a total of 200 mid-stream urine samples were collected aseptically from randomly selected high risk pregnant women (100) and (100) from normal ANC patients attending ANC clinics.

Out of 100 samples in high-risk pregnancy patients, 44% yielded monobacterial growth, 8% yielded polybacterial growth. was most common (46%), (25%), (15.3%), 3.8%, 2%. 26.9% showed growth >10CFU/ml, 32.6% showed growth 10– 10 CFU/ml, 15.3% showed growth <10 CFU/ml. Out of 100 samples from normal ANC patients all showed monobacterial growth(42%). . was most common organism isolated 56.2% followed by Escherichia coli 26%, 4%, 2%, 2%. All organisms showed growth range in between 10³CFU/ml to 10⁵CFU/ml. None of the isolate was pan drug resistant as compared to complicated pregnancy subset.

So, there should be a proper management guideline whenever the pregnant females presents with complication. The organism should always be tested for sensitivity before starting empirical antibiotic treatment. Also, the number of ANC visits should be monitored judiciously as to know if we are not unknowingly bombarding the pathogens in normal patients.
Comparison of syphilis testing by reverse algorithm and conventional method among blood donors in a tertiary care center
Authors: Bhaskaran Ramesh , Sasidharan Athira , Baiju Nithya M , Rafi A.M , Valsan Chithra
Published: August 2022

Traditional testing algorithm for syphilis begins with screening non-treponemal test followed by confirmatory treponemal test. Reverse algorithm first screens with a treponemal test; reactive samples are then tested by Rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) which is used to assess disease activity. Discordant syphilis IgG and RPR results are resolved by a second treponemal test, Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) as recommended by the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention laboratories.

To evaluate the analytical performance of reverse algorithms in syphilis infection among donors in comparison with traditional methods and the prevalence of syphilis among blood donor populations.

This was a cross sectional study done in the department of transfusion medicine from January 2019 to February 2020 which comprised of 8635 blood donors. After donation all the blood samples were screened for syphilis using chemiluminescent immunoassay (Vitros syphilis TPA assay) in Vitros 3600 EQ/ECIQ immunodiagnostic system and RPR (omega RPR test kit) irrespective of each other’s result.

Whenever chemiluminescence immunoassay or RPR turns positive, the samples were sent for TPHA (Immutrep TPHA test kit) keeping it as the gold standard method.

Among 8635 samples tested, seroreactivity of CLIA (Vitros syphilis TPA assay) was 0.25 % whereas for traditional algorithm 0.13%. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of reverse algorithm in comparison with traditional was 100 %, 70.6%, 78.3% and 36.4% ,75% and 65.1% respectively. In comparison with TPHA, Vitros TPA assay in reverse algorithm showed moderate agreement (k=0.56, p=0) which was statistically significant whereas RPR showed slight agreement (k=0.11, p=0.47). Negative predictive value of CLIA was 100% (p=0) which was statistically significant. Positive predictive value of reverse algorithm was 54.5% and 33.3% for traditional algorithm (p=0.04).
Study of ECG changes in different thyrotoxic states and their correlation with thyroid hormone levels
Authors: Chouhan Bhupendra , Verma Rajesh , Razdan Monica , Bordiya Narendra , Sharma Shiv Shankar , Bansal Pankaj
Published: August 2022

: Thyroid hormone has many recognized effects on the cardiovascular system that results in significant comorbidity and may also affect the quality of life of diseased person.

: To assess the ECG changes in thyrotoxicosis with thyroid hormone level and secondary objectives are to compare different ECG pattern in thyrotoxicosis patients (Graves’ disease, Toxic multinodular goiter, Thyroid adenoma) with healthy individual taken as controls after exclusion of cardiovascular disorder, Hypertension.

: Observational prospective case-controlled study include minimum 50 thyrotoxicosis patients and 50 control, done at Department of General Medicine MGM Medical college and MY Hospital Indore (MP).

: In the present study peak incidence of thyrotoxicosis was observed in the age group of 35-50 years (50%), followed by in the age group of 20-34 years (36%). The female: male ratio in thyrotoxic group is 5.25:1. In this study Graves’ disease accounts most of the cases of thyrotoxic patients i.e., 84%. Sinus tachycardia was observed in 88.09% of Graves’ disease, 40% of toxic multinodular goiter, and 100% of thyroiditis. Atrial fibrillation was observed in 7.1% of Graves’ disease and 60 % of toxic multinodular goiter. Also, sinus tachycardia was observed in 63% of thyrotoxic patients who had free T3 level >2.4 ng/ml, in 100% of thyrotoxic patients who had free T3 level from 1.39-2.4 ng/ml, and in 81.8% of thyrotoxic patients who had free T3 level from 0.486-1.38 ng/ml. Atrial fibrillation was observed in 31.5% of thyrotoxic patients who had free T3 level >2.4 ng/ml. The patients having free T3 level from 1.39-2.4 ng/ml and 0.486-1.38 ng/ml does not show atrial fibrillation in ECG.

The peak incidence of the thyrotoxicosis was found in the age group of 35-50 years (50%), younger patients age group of 20-50 years accounts 86% of total thyrotoxic patients and females were more affected than male. Graves’ disease accounts 84% cases of thyrotoxicosis. Thyrotoxic group and euthyroid group shows statistically significant ECG changes in terms of sinus tachycardia (<0.0001) and atrial fibrillation (0.0256). In the thyrotoxic group 82% of patient shows sinus tachycardia and 12% of patient shows atrial fibrillation. The association between sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and total T3 level and free T3 level was found statistically significant (P=0.007).
La confrontación por la abolición del estanco de aguardiente en Yucatán, 1781
Authors: González Mireles Gabriela Sofía
Published: August 2022

En Yucatán se estableció un estanco de aguardiente para apoyar el sostenimiento de los cuerpos militares. Se autorizó la destilación en toda la provincia, cuyo producto fue comercializado a través de puntos de venta distribuidos a lo largo de su territorio. El objetivo del trabajo es, por un lado, presentar una primera reconstrucción de su organización y, por otro, analizar el debate que se generó entre la administración del estanco y los cabildos de Yucatán por demostrar la pertinencia del establecimiento o su abolición. Los argumentos expuestos permiten identificar posturas y tensiones en torno a la reorganización de los intereses político-económicos a partir de la implementación del reformismo borbónico.
Biomecánica del cartílago articular y sus respuestas ante la aplicación de las fuerzas
Authors: Rodríguez-Camacho Diego Fabricio , Correa-Mesa Juan Felipe
Published: August 2022

Introducción: el cartílago es un tejido conectivo especializado ampliamente estudiado por sus componentes mecánicos y su aporte para el funcionamiento articular. El entendimiento de su rol requiere necesariamente del abordaje del comportamiento biomecánico. Objetivo: realizar una revisión de literatura acerca de la biomecánica del cartílago articular y sus respuestas a las fuerzas aplicadas. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct y Google académico de artículos publicados entre los años 1998 y 2017, con los términos: “Cartilage Biomechanic”, “Cartilage Fisiology”, y “Cartilage Histology”. Se encontraron 55 artículos, 44 en idioma inglés y 11 en idioma español, los cuales contenían información relevante a cerca de la biomecánica del cartílago articular. Resultados: en este artículo se resume un conjunto de conceptos derivados de estudios experimentales y otras revisiones de tema, abordando actualizaciones en cuanto a la histología, la fisiología y las diferentes respuestas mecánicas ante distintos estímulos como lo son la anisotropía, la viscoelasticidad la histéresis, fluencia, entre otros. Conclusiones: el cartílago articular es un tejido conectivo trifásico que permite el soporte y transmisión de cargas gracias a la mecanotransducción. El abordaje y comprensión de la biomecánica de los tejidos se hace necesaria para la prescripción del ejercicio en condiciones aparentemente normales y patológicas. MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(3):47-56.
A linguagem poética em Eugenio Coseriu
Authors: Uchôa Carlos Eduardo Falcão
Published: August 2022

A tríplice dimensão da linguagem de Bühler. Análise crítica do modelo proposto por Jakobson. A poesia como atividade de um sujeito universal. O “bem dito universal”. Discurso informativo e discurso poético. O sujeito de ambos os discursos. O significado 2. A plena funcionalidade da linguagem poética.
A variação diatópica em dicionários escolares monolíngues de língua portuguesa de tipo 4: um estudo preliminar dos critérios adotados
Authors: Gonçalves Sheila de Carvalho Pereira , De Souza Khézia Cristina
Published: August 2022

Este artigo insere-se no âmbito da Lexicografia e da Sociolinguística. Temos por objetivo refletir sobre o tratamento dado à variação diatópica em dicionários escolares monolíngues de língua Portuguesa de tipo 4 por meio de uma análise comparada dos critérios lexicográficos adotados pelos autores dessas obras. Nosso corpus consta dos seguintes dicionários de tipo 4: dicionário da língua Portuguesa Evanildo Bechara (2011); dicionário Unesp do Português contemporâneo (2011); Novíssimo Aulete dicionário contemporâneo da língua Portuguesa (2011) e o dicionário Houaiss conciso (2011). Os resultados demonstram uma grande heterogeneidade e falta de rigor lexicográfico no tratamento desse fenômeno.
Usos evidenciais de saber em espanhol à luz da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional
Authors: Prata Nadja Paulino Pessoa , Vidal Renata Pereira
Published: August 2022

Esta pesquisa fornece uma análise de saber em seu uso dêitico evidencial no espanhol, buscando (i) elucidar seu comportamento gramatical na expressão da evidencialidade (HENGEVELD; HATTNHER, 2015) e (ii) relacionar os usos encontrados às noções de intersubjetividade (NUYTS, 2001a; 2001b; 2014) e confiabilidade (CORNILLIE 2007; 2009; ESTELLÉS; ALBELDA, 2018). Discutimos os usos evidenciais de saber extraídos do CORPES XXI a partir de categorias definidas com base na Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (GDF) (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) e analisamos quantitativamente os dados mediante o SPSS. Verificamos a expressão dos subtipos Reportatividade, Inferência e Dedução. Modificadores com especificações temporais ocorreram com frequência na Reportatividade, reforçando o caráter amplamente compartilhado e disponível das informações. Esse subtipo também esteve relacionado à localização presente ou ao traço temporal presente. Observamos que saber constitui uma opção para a expressão de um efeito de confiabilidade, dada a combinabilidade com fonte de evidência intersubjetiva e contextos de divulgação de informações.
A causa mortis em documentos de óbito: analisando a variação lexical
Authors: Araújo Aluiza Alves de , Sampaio Maria Aurilene Pinto , Noronha Leiliane Aquino
Published: August 2022

Este artigo objetiva identificar as variações lexicais de causa mortis em documentos de certidão de óbito e investigar o contexto social-histórico e cultural das variações, visando a análise de fatores extralinguísticos que favorecem o seu uso. Amparamo-nos nos estudos filológicos de Sacramento; Santos (2017) e na Sociolinguística variacionista, com base em Labov (2008) e Tarallo (2007). Metodologicamente, é uma reflexão exploratória e de abordagem qualitativa (GIL, 2002), a partir da análise/ interpretação dos dados com base na Sociolinguística variacionista. Os resultados evidenciaram uma recorrência nas 6 (seis) unidades lexicais analisadas, apontando que os usos das variantes sofreram influências de fatores extralinguísticos, tais como: os julgamentos sociais, as consequências de determinadas doenças, as mudanças nas distintas áreas medicinais e as inferências sociais decorrentes dos diferentes anos. Portanto, reiteramos que a escolha por uma variante em detrimento de outra se dá por meio dos usos da língua e sua relação com elementos sociais.
PERSPECTIVES OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY MICROALGAE AT AN AIRPORT
Authors: Pavliukh Lesia
Published: August 2022

Due to experimental studies the improved technology is the next stage after mechanical and biological treatment, i.e. additional wastewater treatment was proposed. The proposed advanced technology has significant advantages because it is cyclical and provides the possibility of producing biofuels from microalgae removed after the absorption of nutrients, as well as the production of biofertilizers from sludge.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА ЦІННІСТЬ СИГНАЛЬНОГО ТРАФІКУ БЕЗПРОВОДОВИХ МЕРЕЖ КРИТИЧНОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ
Authors: Пономаренко Олександр , Мошенський Андрій , Савченко Аліна , Дрововозов Володимир , Толстікова Олена , Швець Іван
Published: August 2022

Проблема підвищення стійкості критичної інфраструктури в умовах динамічної еволюції ризиків базується на підґрунті політик та моделей управління для підвищення гарантування інвестицій. Управління стійкістю критично важливої інформаційної інфраструктури неможливе без вибору та обґрунтування кількісних інформаційних характеристик. У статті розглянуто інформаційні потоки сигнального трафіку, що циркулює у безпроводових мережах критичного застосування. Надано найважливіші терміни та визначення стосовно мереж критичного застосування як систем (м’якого та жорсткого) реального часу та статистичних складових інформаційної ємності. На підґрунті загальної теорії корисності інформаційну ємність сигнального трафіку представлено у вигляді деякого функціоналу корисності – комплексної характеристики випадкового процесу. Аргументами функціоналу служать ключові інформаційно-ентропійні функції процесу, на які накладаються обмеження у формі нерівностей. Показано, що функції-аргументи функціоналу, що розглядається, можуть бути представлені у вигляді абстрактної множини частинних складових, пов‘язаних між собою статистично або функціонально. Досліджено методи багатокритеріальної оптимізації функціоналу корисності та сформульовано умови отримання асимптотично оптимальних рішень. Застосування функціоналів корисності дає можливість уведення явних кількісних оцінок інформаційної цінності та отримання виразів у замкненій формі для максимізації функцій корисності. Надалі планується розробити методи синтезу мультиструктурних систем критичного застосування, здатних працювати у режимі жорсткого реального часу з плануванням та розподілом поточних ресурсів
МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ СТВОРЕННЯ СТЕГАНОГРАФІЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ НЕПРЯМОГО ПРИХОВУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ НА ОСНОВІ МУЛЬТІАДИЧНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ
Authors: Бараннік Наталія
Published: August 2022

Показано, що актуальним напрямком підвищення безпеки інформаційних ресурсів при передачі в інфокомунікаційних системах є використання методів стеганографічного вбудовування інформації в відеозображення. Ефективність таких методів значно підвищується у разі використання в комплексі методів приховування, які засновані на принципах безпосереднього та непрямого вбудовування повідомлень. В теж час існуючи методи стеганографії використовують в процесі вбудовування інформації в основному лише закономірності, що породжуються особливостями візуального сприйняття відеозображень. Отже обґрунтовано те, що науково-прикладна задача, яка полягає в підвищені щільності вбудованих в відеоконтейнер повідомлень з заданим рівнем їх достовірності, є актуальною. В основі вирішення цієї задачі знаходиться вирішення протиріччя, яке стосується того, що підвищення щільності вбудованих даних призводить до зниження бітової швидкості відеоконтейнеру, стійкості до стеганоаналізу, достовірності спеціальної інформації та відеоконтейнеру. Тому метою дослідження є розробка методології стеганографічного вбудовування інформації з врахуванням закономірностей відеоконтейнеру, які породжені його структурними та структурно-статистичними особливостями. Вирішення сформульованої задачі в області застосування стеганографічних перетворень пропонується реалізовувати з використанням методів непрямого вбудовування біту скриваємого повідомлення деяку умову або функціональну залежність. Для побудови стеганографічної системи в умовах виконання необхідних вимог пропонується використовувати мультіадичні перетворення. В цьому випадку досягається наступне. Доведено можливість створення стеганографічних перетворень щодо непрямого вбудовування та вилучення прихованої інформації в мультіадичному базисі шляхом модифікації базової системи основ в межах допустимої множини. Доведено наявність множини допустимих мультіадичних систем для однієї послідовності так, що досягається взаємно однозначне пряме та зворотне кодове перетворення. Обґрунтовано те, що мультіадична система, яка створюється в спектральному просторі трансформант ДКП, володіє потенціалом відносно формування множини допустимих модифікацій систем основ. В свою чергу, така характерна особливість створює можливість для побудови непрямих стеганографічних перетворень в мультіадичному базисі на основі модифікації структурних мета-ознак
ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ НА ОСНОВІ АВС та ХYZ-АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Разумова Катерина , Темченко Олександр , Шевчук Наталія , Максимова Oлена
Published: August 2022

В процесі управління промисловим підприємством основним об'єктом уваги є процес аналізу та контролю витрат логістичної та основної діяльності в цілому і окремо за видами, цілями та строками виконання. Витрати є грошовим вираженням сум чинників, які потрібні для успішного здійснення підприємством своєї закупівельної, збутової та транспортно-логістичної діяльності на основі ефективної системи управління собівартістю. Використання поєднаного ABC і XYZ - аналізів дозволяє підвищити ефективність системи управління товарними ресурсами, підвищити частку високоприбуткової продукції без порушення принципів асортиментної політики, виявити ключову товарну продукцію та причини, які впливають на її кількість, що зберігається на складі. Доведено, що собівартість виробництва товарної продукції є одним з найбільш важливих в управлінні економічними параметрами господарства, оскільки у цьому показникові знаходять відображення зростання продуктивності праці, економія ресурсів, технічний прогрес, ефективність логістичних систем управління. За результатами використання методики АВС - та XYZ-аналізу виділено найбільш суттєві напрями діяльності металургійного підприємства ПАТ «АрселорМіттал Кривий Ріг », що підвищують ефективність організаційних, техніко-технологічних та управлінських рішень завдяки їх цільовій орієнтації, виокремлюють найбільш важливі, доцільні витрати та пріоритетність їх управління за 2020 рік, а також отримано прогнозні показники складових операційних витрат на 2021 та 2022 роки. Доведено, що управління загальними витратами в логістичній системі є провідним параметром оптимізації виробничих, у тому числі транспортних і складських витрат, а також фінансових витрат підприємства. Ретельний контроль на постійній основі над поточними витратами підприємства дозволить за результатами кількох операційних періодів розробити найбільш ефективні логістичні системи та відповідно дієву методику управління витратами для ПАТ «АрселорМіттал Кривий Ріг» на найближчу перспективу