bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Heat Stress and Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Secondary Metabolites Biosynthesis in Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm
Authors: Hu Yanru , Chai Qianqian , Wang Yue , Chen Yujie , Dong Haozhe , Shen Jinwen , Qi Yuancheng , Yu Haiyou , Wang Fengqin , Wen Qing
Published: June 2022

Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm has high medicinal value, but few studies exist on regulating secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Environmental factors play a substantial role in the accumulation of microbial secondary metabolites. In this study, the effects of heat stress (24 h) and salicylic acid (0.05 mmol/L) treatment on the secondary metabolism of P. ostreatus were analyzed by metabolome, transcriptome, and gene differential expression analysis. Metabolome and transcriptome analyses showed that salicylic acid significantly increased the accumulation of antibiotics and polyketones, while heat stress increased the accumulation of flavonoids, polyketones, terpenoids, and polysaccharides. The content and the biosynthetic genes expression of heparin were markedly increased by heat stress, and the former was increased by 4565.54-fold. This study provides a reference for future studies on secondary metabolite accumulation in edible fungi.
Durability Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Reinforced with Lignocellulosic Fibers
Authors: Othuman Mydin Md Azree , Mohd Nawi Mohd Nasrun , Odeh Ruba A. , Salameh Anas A.
Published: June 2022

Worldwide concern and ascendancy of emissions and carbon footprints have propelled a substantial number of explorations into green concrete technology. Furthermore, construction material costs have increased along with their gradual impact on the environment, which has led researchers to recognize the importance of natural fibers in improving the durability and mechanical properties of concrete. Natural fibers are abundantly available making them relatively relevant as a reinforcing material in concrete. Presently, it should be recognized that most construction products are manufactured using resources that demand a high quantity of energy and are not sustainable, which may lead to a global crisis. Consequently, the use of plant fibers in lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) is deemed a practical possibility for making concrete a sustainable material that responds to this dilemma. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the addition of lignocellulosic fibers on the performance of LFC. In this investigation, four different types of lignocellulosic plant fibers were considered which were kenaf, ramie, hemp and jute fibers. A total of ten mixes were made and tested in this study. LFC samples with a density of 700 kg/m3 and 1400 kg/m3 were fabricated. The weight fraction for the lignocellulosic plant fibers was kept at 0.45%. The durability parameters assessed were flowability, water absorption capability, porosity and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). The results revealed that the presence of cellulosic plant fibers in LFC plays an important role in enhancing all the durability parameters considered in this study. For workability, the addition of ramie fiber led to the lowest slump while the inclusion of kenaf fiber provided optimum UPV. For porosity and water absorption, the addition of jute fiber led to the best results.
Helicopter Main Rotor Blade Parametric Design for a Preliminary Aerodynamic Analysis Supported by CFD or Panel Method
Authors: Kocjan Jakub , Kachel Stanisław , Rogólski Robert
Published: June 2022

This work is the preliminary part of a research program which is aimed at finding some new methods and design solutions for helicopter main rotor multidisciplinary optimization. The task was to develop a parametric geometric model of a single-blade main rotor applicable for varied methods of numerical aerodynamic modeling. The general analytical assumptions for the parametric main rotor design were described. The description of the main rotor blade parametric design method based on Open GRIP graphical programming was presented. Then, the parametric model of a blade was used for aerodynamic models independently developed for panel method and advanced CFD solver. The results obtained from the CFD simulations and panel analysis for main rotor aerodynamics were compared and assessed using analytical calculations. The calculations and simulations for a single-blade and completed rotor were performed for different helicopter weights and rotor pitch angles. The results of different computer aerodynamic analysis environments were compared for the possibility of their application in an optimization loop. This is preliminary work that describes only a partial problem that could be used in the future as part of a comprehensive methodology for aerodynamic and structural optimization of a helicopter rotor. As an output of the research, new options for main rotor optimization are developed. The combined parametric modeling with aerodynamic analysis, as described in this paper, provide the preliminary design for a main rotor spiral, as an element of the optimization loop.
Research, Modelling and Prediction of the Influence of Technological Parameters on the Selected 3D Roughness Parameters, as Well as Temperature, Shape and Geometry of Chips in Milling AZ91D Alloy
Authors: Kulisz Monika , Zagórski Ireneusz , Józwik Jerzy , Korpysa Jarosław
Published: June 2022

The main purpose of the study was to define the machining conditions that ensure the best quality of the machined surface, low chip temperature in the cutting zone and favourable geometric features of chips when using monolithic two-teeth cutters made of HSS Co steel by PRECITOOL. As the subject of the research, samples with a predetermined geometry, made of AZ91D alloy, were selected. The rough milling process was performed on a DMU 65 MonoBlock vertical milling centre. The machinability of AZ91D magnesium alloy was analysed by determining machinability indices such as: 3D roughness parameters, chip temperature, chip shape and geometry. An increase in the feed per tooth fz and depth of cut ap parameters in most cases resulted in an increase in the values of the 3D surface roughness parameters. Increasing the analysed machining parameters did not significantly increase the instantaneous chip temperature. Chip ignition was not observed for the current cutting conditions. The conducted research proved that for the adopted conditions of machining, the chip temperature did not exceed the auto-ignition temperature. Modelling of cause-and-effect relationships between the variable technological parameters of machining fz and ap and the temperature in the cutting zone T, the spatial geometric structure of the 3D surface “Sa” and kurtosis “Sku” was performed with the use of artificial neural network modelling. During the simulation, MLP and RBF networks, various functions of neuron activation and various learning algorithms were used. The analysis of the obtained modelling results and the selection of the most appropriate network were performed on the basis of the quality of the learning and validation, as well as learning and validation error indices. It was shown that in the case of the analysed 3D roughness parameters (Sa and Sku), a better result was obtained for the MLP network, and in the case of maximum temperature, for the RBF network.
Investigation of Surface Roughness in Incremental Sheet Forming of Conical Drawpieces from Pure Titanium Sheets
Authors: Trzepieciński Tomasz , Szpunar Marcin , Dzierwa Andrzej , Żaba Krzysztof
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of the influence of incremental sheet forming process parameters on surface roughness measured on both sides of conical drawpieces made from pure titanium Grade 2 sheets. The experimental plan was created on the basis of a central composite design. The study assumed the variability of feed rate, spindle speed, and incremental step size in the following range: 500–2000 mm/min, 0–600 rpm, and 0.1–0.5 mm, respectively. Two strategies differing in the direction of the tool rotation in relation to the feed direction were also analysed. Analysis of variance is performed to understand the adequacy of the proposed model and the influence of the input parameters on the specific roughness parameter. The sensitivity of the process parameter on the selected surface roughness parameters was assessed using artificial neural networks. It was found that the change in the surface roughness of the inner surface of the drawpiece is not related to the change of surface roughness of the outer side. The morphology of the outer surface of the draw pieces was uniform with a much greater profile height than the inner surface that had interacted with the tool. Taking into account the outer surface of the drawpiece, the direction of tool rotation is also most closely correlated with the parameters Sa, Sz, and Sku. Step size and feed rate provide the highest information capacity in relation to skewness and kurtosis of the inner surface of the drawpiece.
Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction
Authors: Ramachandran Tayaallen , Faruque Mohammad Rashed Iqbal , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin , Tamam Nissren , Sulieman Abdelmoneim
Published: June 2022

This research aimed to develop coding metamaterials to reduce the Radar Cross-Section (RCS) values in C- and Ku-band applications. Metamaterials on the macroscopic scale are commonly defined by effective medium parameters and are categorized as analogue. Therefore, coding metamaterials with various multi-layer and cuboid designs were proposed and investigated. A high-frequency electromagnetic simulator known as computer simulation technology was utilised throughout a simulation process. A one-bit coding metamaterial concept was adopted throughout this research that possesses ‘0’ and ‘1’ elements with 0 and π phase responses. Analytical simulation analyses were performed by utilising well-known Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Moreover, a validation was executed via a comparison of the phase-response properties of both elements with the analytical data from the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. As a result, promising outcomes wherein several one-bit coding designs for multi-layer or coding metamaterials manifested unique results, which almost reached 0 dBm2 RCS reduction values. Meanwhile, coding metamaterial designs with larger lattices exhibited optimised results and can be utilised for larger-scale applications. Moreover, the coding metamaterials were validated by performing several framework and optimal characteristic analyses in C- and Ku-band applications. Due to the ability of coding metamaterials to manipulate electromagnetic waves to obtain different functionalities, it has a high potential to be applied to a wide range of applications. Overall, the very interesting coding metamaterials with many different sizes and shapes help to achieve a unique RCS-reduction performance.
XPS Study in BiFeO3 Surface Modified by Argon Etching
Authors: Gomez-Iriarte Grecia Alejandra , Pentón-Madrigal Arbelio , de Oliveira Luiz Augusto Sousa , Sinnecker João Paulo
Published: June 2022

This paper reports an XPS surface study of pure phase BiFeO3 thin film produced and later etched by pure argon ions. Analysis of high-resolution spectra from Fe 2p, Bi 4f and 5d, O 1s, and the valence band, exhibited mainly Fe3+ and Bi3+ components, but also reveal Fe2+. High-energy argon etching induces the growth of Fe(0) and Bi(0) and an increment of Fe2+, as expected. The BiFeO3 semiconductor character is preserved despite the oxygen loss, an interesting aspect for the study of the photovoltaic effect through oxygen vacancies in some ceramic films. The metal-oxygen bonds in O 1s spectra are related only to one binding energy contrary to the split from bismuth and iron reported in other works. All these data evidence that the low-pressure argon atmosphere is proved to be efficient to produce pure phase BiFeO3, even after argon etching.
Nettle, a Long-Known Fiber Plant with New Perspectives
Authors: Viotti Chloé , Albrecht Katharina , Amaducci Stefano , Bardos Paul , Bertheau Coralie , Blaudez Damien , Bothe Lea , Cazaux David , Ferrarini Andrea , Govilas Jason , Gusovius Hans-Jörg , Jeannin Thomas , Lühr Carsten , Müssig Jörg , Pilla Marcello , Placet Vincent , Puschenreiter Markus , Tognacchini Alice , Yung Loïc , Chalot Michel
Published: June 2022

The stinging nettle Urticadioica L. is a perennial crop with low fertilizer and pesticide requirements, well adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions. It has been successfully grown in most European climatic zones while also promoting local flora and fauna diversity. The cultivation of nettle could help meet the strong increase in demand for raw materials based on plant fibers as a substitute for artificial fibers in sectors as diverse as the textile and automotive industries. In the present review, we present a historical perspective of selection, harvest, and fiber processing features where the state of the art of nettle varietal selection is detailed. A synthesis of the general knowledge about its biology, adaptability, and genetics constituents, highlighting gaps in our current knowledge on interactions with other organisms, is provided. We further addressed cultivation and processing features, putting a special emphasis on harvesting systems and fiber extraction processes to improve fiber yield and quality. Various uses in industrial processes and notably for the restoration of marginal lands and avenues of future research on this high-value multi-use plant for the global fiber market are described.
Microstructure and Tensile Property of Laser Cladding Assisted with Multidimensional High-Frequency Vibration
Authors: Yao Zhehe , Chen Jian , Qian Hongyu , Nie Yanbin , Zhang Qunli , Yao Jianhua
Published: June 2022

Laser cladding is a promising surface modification technology to fabricate high-performance parts. However, defects such as porosity, cracks and residual tensile stress are easily produced in laser cladding, leading to significant property reduction and poor reliability. In this study, laser cladding with multidimensional high-frequency vibration was investigated. The effects of multidimensional high-frequency vibration on the improvement of microstructure and mechanical properties were analyzed and discussed based on the vibration-assisted laser cladding experiments. In addition, a numerical model was conducted to help understand the significance of the vibration on flow field and temperature field. Results show that 3D vibration led to the primary dendrite spacing reduction from 11.1 to 6.8 μm, microhardness increase from 199 to 221 HV0.2, and a nearly 110% improvement in the elongations. The findings of this study confirmed the significant benefits of multidimensional high-frequency vibration applied in laser cladding and provided a basis to uncover the underlying mechanisms of multidimensional vibration on the rapid melting and solidification.
Highly Robust Ti Adhesion Layer during Terminal Reaction in Micro-Bumps
Authors: Kao Chen-Wei , Kung Po-Yu , Chang Chih-Chia , Huang Wei-Chen , Chang Fu-Ling , Kao C. R.
Published: June 2022

The use of scaled-down micro-bumps in miniaturized consumer electronic products has led to the easy realization of full intermetallic solder bumps owing to the completion of the wetting layer. However, the direct contact of the intermetallic compounds (IMCs) with the adhesion layer may pose serious reliability concerns. In this study, the terminal reaction of the Ti adhesion layer with Cu–Sn IMCs was investigated by aging the micro-bumps at 200 °C. Although all of the micro-bumps transformed into intermetallic structures after aging, they exhibited a strong attachment to the Ti adhesion layer, which differs significantly from the Cr system where spalling of IMCs occurred during the solid-state reaction. Moreover, the difference in the diffusion rates between Cu and Sn might have induced void formation during aging. These voids progressed to the center of the bump through the depleting Cu layer. However, they neither affected the attachment between the IMCs and the adhesion layer nor reduced the strength of the bumps. In conclusion, the IMCs demonstrated better adhesive behavior with the Ti adhesion layer when compared to Cr, which has been used in previous studies.
Profile Analysis of Spur Gear Shaping Cutters Based on Sharpened Cutting Edges
Authors: Huang Chin-Lung , Wei You-Chuan
Published: June 2022

Spur shaping cutters, the most versatile gear cutting tools, are used to produce gears that are limited in general cutting cases, such as internal gears and stacked gears. The side clearance angle, which is formed by the profile shifting on the tooth surface, and the rake angle, which increases the cutting efficiency and reduces the wearing of the cutting edge, are designed to create better cutting conditions. However, these cutting angles cause errors in the profile of the cutter edge. In this study, mathematical models of the Isoform® shaping cutter generation method and a model of the cutter edge formed by the conical cutter face were derived to verify the profile error of the cutter edge. A mathematical model to determine the profile error through the corresponding cutter enveloping gear is also proposed. Finally, mathematical models were also derived to correct and reduce the profile error at the major cutter face and the results at the other cutter faces. The numerical results, namely, the profile error curves, show that the corrected cutter has better profile accuracy for the normal usable cutter life.
Tracking and Counting of Tomato at Different Growth Period Using an Improving YOLO-Deepsort Network for Inspection Robot
Authors: Ge Yuhao , Lin Sen , Zhang Yunhe , Li Zuolin , Cheng Hongtai , Dong Jing , Shao Shanshan , Zhang Jin , Qi Xiangyu , Wu Zedong
Published: June 2022

To realize tomato growth period monitoring and yield prediction of tomato cultivation, our study proposes a visual object tracking network called YOLO-deepsort to identify and count tomatoes in different growth periods. Based on the YOLOv5s model, our model uses shufflenetv2, combined with the CBAM attention mechanism, to compress the model size from the algorithm level. In the neck part of the network, the BiFPN multi-scale fusion structure is used to improve the prediction accuracy of the network. When the target detection network completes the bounding box prediction of the target, the Kalman filter algorithm is used to predict the target’s location in the next frame, which is called the tracker in this paper. Finally, calculate the bounding box error between the predicted bounding box and the bounding box output by the object detection network to update the parameters of the Kalman filter and repeat the above steps to achieve the target tracking of tomato fruits and flowers. After getting the tracking results, we use OpenCV to create a virtual count line to count the targets. Our algorithm achieved a competitive result based on the above methods: The mean average precision of flower, green tomato, and red tomato was 93.1%, 96.4%, and 97.9%. Moreover, we demonstrate the tracking ability of the model and the counting process by counting tomato flowers. Overall, the YOLO-deepsort model could fulfill the actual requirements of tomato yield forecast in the greenhouse scene, which provide theoretical support for crop growth status detection and yield forecast.
Fairness and Explanation in AI-Informed Decision Making
Authors: Angerschmid Alessa , Zhou Jianlong , Theuermann Kevin , Chen Fang , Holzinger Andreas
Published: June 2022

AI-assisted decision-making that impacts individuals raises critical questions about transparency and fairness in artificial intelligence (AI). Much research has highlighted the reciprocal relationships between the transparency/explanation and fairness in AI-assisted decision-making. Thus, considering their impact on user trust or perceived fairness simultaneously benefits responsible use of socio-technical AI systems, but currently receives little attention. In this paper, we investigate the effects of AI explanations and fairness on human-AI trust and perceived fairness, respectively, in specific AI-based decision-making scenarios. A user study simulating AI-assisted decision-making in two health insurance and medical treatment decision-making scenarios provided important insights. Due to the global pandemic and restrictions thereof, the user studies were conducted as online surveys. From the participant’s trust perspective, fairness was found to affect user trust only under the condition of a low fairness level, with the low fairness level reducing user trust. However, adding explanations helped users increase their trust in AI-assisted decision-making. From the perspective of perceived fairness, our work found that low levels of introduced fairness decreased users’ perceptions of fairness, while high levels of introduced fairness increased users’ perceptions of fairness. The addition of explanations definitely increased the perception of fairness. Furthermore, we found that application scenarios influenced trust and perceptions of fairness. The results show that the use of AI explanations and fairness statements in AI applications is complex: we need to consider not only the type of explanations and the degree of fairness introduced, but also the scenarios in which AI-assisted decision-making is used.
A Two-Stage Hybrid Extreme Learning Model for Short-Term Traffic Flow Forecasting
Authors: Cui Zhihan , Huang Boyu , Dou Haowen , Cheng Yan , Guan Jitian , Zhou Teng
Published: June 2022

Credible and accurate traffic flow forecasting is critical for deploying intelligent traffic management systems. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to develop a robust and efficient forecasting model due to the nonlinear characteristics and inherent stochastic traffic flow. Aiming at the nonlinear relationship in the traffic flow for different scenarios, we proposed a two-stage hybrid extreme learning model for short-term traffic flow forecasting. In the first stage, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed for determining the initial population distribution of the gravitational search algorithm to improve the efficiency of the global optimal value search. In the second stage, the results of the previous stage, rather than the network structure parameters randomly generated by the extreme learning machine, are used to train the hybrid forecasting model in a data-driven fashion. We evaluated the trained model on four real-world benchmark datasets from highways A1, A2, A4, and A8 connecting the Amsterdam ring road. The RMSEs of the proposed model are 288.03, 204.09, 220.52, and 163.92, respectively, and the MAPEs of the proposed model are 11.53%, 10.16%, 11.67%, and 12.02%, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed model.
Multiple Scenarios of Quality of Life Index Using Fuzzy Linguistic Quantifiers: The Case of 85 Countries in Numbeo
Authors: Shu Ziwei , Carrasco Ramón Alberto , García-Miguel Javier Portela , Sánchez-Montañés Manuel
Published: June 2022

In economic development, in addition to comparing the gross domestic product (GDP) between nations, it is critical to assess the quality of life to gain a holistic perspective of their different aspects. However, the quality of life index (QOLI) is a subjective term that can be difficult to quantify. Although this composite index is typically calculated using universal weights proposed by experts to aggregate indicators, such as safety indexes, healthcare indexes, pollution indexes, and housing indicators, it is complicated to balance multiple dimensions whose weights are adjusted to account for different countries’ circumstances. Therefore, this paper aims to construct various scenarios of the QOLI, using linguistic quantifiers of the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator, and the 2-tuple linguistic model. Numbeo, one of the largest quality of life information databases, was used in this paper to estimate the QOLI in 85 countries. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses were employed to assess the robustness of the QOLI. The results of the proposed model are compared with those obtained using the Numbeo formulation. The results show that the proposed model increases the linguistic interpretability of the QOLI, and obtains different QOLIs, based on diverse country contexts.
Sufficient Conditions for the Existence and Uniqueness of the Solution of the Dynamics of Biogeochemical Cycles in Coastal Systems Problem
Authors: Sukhinov Alexander , Belova Yulia , Nikitina Alla , Sidoryakina Valentina
Published: June 2022

The article considers a three-dimensional mathematical model of population dynamics based on a system of non-stationary parabolic advection-diffusion-reaction equations with lower derivatives describing the advective motion of the aquatic environment and non-linear source functions. In contrast to the previous authors’ works devoted to the description of this model and its numerical implementation, this article presents the results of an analytical study of the initial-boundary value problem corresponding to this model. For these purposes, the original initial-boundary value problem is linearized on a single time grid—for all nonlinear sources, their final spatial distributions for the previous time step are used. As a result, a chain of initial-boundary value problems is obtained, connected by initial—final data at each step of the time grid. For this chain of linearized problems, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the initial-boundary value problem for the system of partial differential equations in the Hilbert space were researched. Numerical experiments were performed for model problems of the main types of phytoplankton populations in coastal systems under the influence of dynamically changing biotic and abiotic factors, the results of which are consistent with real physical experiments. The developed model, including the proposed model of biological kinetics, allows for the study of the productive and destructive processes of the shallow water body biocenosis to assess the state of the processes of reproduction of valuable and commercial fish participating in the food chain with selected species of summer phytoplankton.
Moving Spatial Turbulence Model for High-Fidelity Rotorcraft Maneuvering Simulation
Authors: Ji Honglei , Lu Linghai , Chen Renliang
Published: June 2022

A moving spatial turbulence model is developed for rotorcraft maneuvering simulation under different flight conditions. The recursive algorithms are adopted to model its distributed longitudinal turbulence components, which are correlated with the lateral and vertical axes to form a local spatial turbulence field. The flow field is constrained around the rotorcraft by following its movement, and the corresponding turbulence components are updated at a constant spatial interval. The statistical properties along the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical directions have been validated against the von Kármán theory. A synthetic simulation environment consisting of a flight dynamics model and a pilot model is constructed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the turbulence model. Its performance is validated by comparing the power spectral densities of both rotorcraft responses and pilot controls in turbulence against flight test data. The piloted simulation results on an Approach-to-Hovering task show that the handling qualities ratings are susceptive to the level of turbulence and significantly increase when performing aggressive controls. The simulation also accurately predicts the expected effect of varied aircraft speed, wind speed, turbulence intensity, and stability augmentation system on piloted handling qualities rating for rotorcraft flight in turbulence.
Measuring Progress towards Sustainability in the European Union within the 2030 Agenda Framework
Authors: Carrillo Marianela
Published: June 2022

The adoption of the 2030 Agenda and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) revived the challenge to efficiently address economic prosperity, environmental quality and social welfare goals. To fulfill such purposes, policymakers need to measure and monitor the global progress made by countries towards the achievement of the SDGs. Composite indicators have frequently been used for sustainability performance assessment in a range of areas related to Sustainable Development and recently some attempts have been made to analyze trends within the 2030 Agenda framework. The objective of this study is to propose a novel composite indicator approach to assess sustainability performance and evaluate whether progress is being made towards the SDGs. Some distinguishing features of the proposed approach involve the computation of weights for the indicators and the use of geometric average at the overall aggregation stage. The approach is applied to the evaluation of the SDGs in EU27 during the period 2010–2020 using the Eurostat SDG dataset. The results obtained suggest that all 27 Member States have progressed favorably, albeit not to the same extent, and differences between countries seem to be decreasing over the years.
Noise-to-State Stability in Probability for Random Complex Dynamical Systems on Networks
Authors: Peng Cheng , Ma Jiaxin , Li Qiankun , Gao Shang
Published: June 2022

This paper studies noise-to-state stability in probability (NSSP) for random complex dynamical systems on networks (RCDSN). On the basis of Kirchhoff’s matrix theorem in graph theory, an appropriate Lyapunov function which combines with every subsystem for RCDSN is established. Moreover, some sufficient criteria closely related to the topological structure of RCDSN are given to guarantee RCDSN to meet NSSP by means of the Lyapunov method and stochastic analysis techniques. Finally, to show the usefulness and feasibility of theoretical findings, we apply them to random coupled oscillators on networks (RCON), and some numerical tests are given.
Target Function without Local Minimum for Systems of Logical Equations with a Unique Solution
Authors: Barotov Dostonjon Numonjonovich
Published: June 2022

Many of the applied algorithms that have been developed for solving a system of logical equations or the Boolean satisfiability problem have solved the problem in the Boolean domain. However, other approaches have recently been developed and improved. One of these developments is the transformation of a system of logical equations to a real continuous domain. The essence of this development is that a system of logical equations is transformed into a system in a real domain and the solution is sought in a real continuous domain. A real continuous domain is a richer domain, as it involves many well-developed algorithms. In this paper, we have constructively transformed the solution of any system of logical equations with a unique solution into an optimization problem for a polylinear target function in a unit n-dimensional cube Kn. The resulting polylinear target function in Kn does not have a local minimum. We proved that only once by calculating the gradient of the polylinear target function at any interior point of the Kn cube, we can determine the solution to the system of logical equations.
Bonferroni Weighted Logarithmic Averaging Distance Operator Applied to Investment Selection Decision Making
Authors: Alfaro-Garcia Victor G. , Blanco-Mesa Fabio , León-Castro Ernesto , Merigo Jose M.
Published: June 2022

Distance measures in ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators allow the modelling of complex decision making problems where a set of ideal values or characteristics are required to be met. The objective of this paper is to introduce extended distance measures and logarithmic OWA-based decision making operators especially designed for the analysis of financial investment options. Based on the immediate weights, Bonferroni means and logarithmic averaging operators, in this paper we introduce the immediate weights logarithmic distance (IWLD), the immediate weights ordered weighted logarithmic averaging distance (IWOWLAD), the hybrid weighted logarithmic distance (HWLD), the Bonferroni ordered weighted logarithmic averaging distance (B-OWLAD) operator, the Bonferroni immediate weights ordered weighted logarithmic averaging distance (B-IWOWLAD) operator and the Bonferroni hybrid weighted logarithmic distance (HWLD). A financial decision making illustrative example is proposed, and the main benefits of the characteristic design of the introduced operators is shown, which include the analysis of the interrelation between the modelled arguments required from the decision makers and the stakeholders, and the comparison to an ideal set of characteristics that the possible companies in the example must portray. Moreover, some families, particular cases and brief examples of the proposed operators, are studied and presented. Finally, among the main advantages are the modeling of diverse perspectives, attitudinal characteristics and complex scenarios, through the interrelation and comparison between the elements with an ideal set of characteristics given by the decision makers and a set of options.
Observer-Based Finite-Time H∞ Control of the Blood Gases System in Extracorporeal Circulation via the T-S Fuzzy Model
Authors: Yan Zhiguo , Zhang Zhiwei , Hu Guolin , Zhu Baolong
Published: June 2022

This paper studies the problem of the finite-time H∞ control of the blood gases system, presented as a T-S fuzzy model with bounded disturbance during extracorporeal circulation. The aim was to design an observer-based fuzzy controller to ensure that the closed-loop system was finite-time bounded with the H∞ performance. Firstly, different from the existing results, the T-S fuzzy model of a blood gas control system was developed and a new method was given to process the time derivatives of the membership functions. Secondly, based on the fuzzy Lyapunov function, sufficient conditions for the H∞ finite-time boundedness of the system were obtained by using Finsler’s lemma and matrix decoupling techniques. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Dynamic Response of the Inertial Platform of the Laser ELI-NP Magurele-Bucharest Facility
Authors: Itu Calin , Bratu Polidor , Dragan Nicusor , Goanță Adrian , Nicolae George Lucian , Nițu Marilena Cristina , Borza Paul Nicolae , Vlase Sorin
Published: June 2022

Previous studies on the vibrational behavior of the inertial platform installed at ELI-NP, in Magurele-Bucharest have reported eigenfrequencies in the domain in which excitations can occur from earthquakes which manifests itself periodically in this geographical area. The paper aimed to study the vibrational response that may occur, due to human activities or natural phenomena (earthquakes), at the inertial platform of the Laser + Gamma building within the ELI-NP complex. The large mass of the platform, 54,000 tons in full condition, must ensure that the experiments are carried out without being disturbed by unwanted vibrations. The laser and gamma beam must be very precisely positioned and the shocks and vibration from the external environment must be damped or absorbed. To realize this, the behavior of the inertial concrete platform at external excitations was studied based on a model with finite elements. The response to the forced vibrations of the platform and the possible behavior in case of an earthquake were obtained.
Turbulent Flow of Water-Based Optimization for Solving Multi-Objective Technical and Economic Aspects of Optimal Power Flow Problems
Authors: Sarhan Shahenda , El-Sehiemy Ragab , Abaza Amlak , Gafar Mona
Published: June 2022

The optimal operation of modern power systems aims at achieving the increased power demand requirements regarding economic and technical aspects. Another concern is preserving the emissions within the environmental limitations. In this regard, this paper aims at finding the optimal scheduling of power generation units that are able to meet the load requirements based on a multi-objective optimal power flow framework. In the proposed multi-objective framework, objective functions, technical economical, and emissions are considered. The solution methodology is performed based on a developed turbulent flow of a water-based optimizer (TFWO). Single and multi-objective functions are employed to minimize the cost of fuel, emission level, power losses, enhance voltage deviation, and voltage stability index. The proposed algorithm is tested and investigated on the IEEE 30-bus and 57-bus systems, and 17 cases are studied. Four additional cases studied are applied on four large scale test systems to prove the high scalability of the proposed solution methodology. Evaluation of the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed TFWO is proven through a comparison of the simulation results, convergence rate, and statistical indices to other well-known recent algorithms in the literature. We concluded from the current study that TFWO is efficient, effective, robust, and superior in solving OPF optimization problems. It has better convergence rates compared with other well-known algorithms with significant technical and economical improvements. A reduction in the range of 4.6–33.12% is achieved by the proposed TFWO for the large scale tested system. For the tested system, the proposed solution methodology leads to a more competitive solution with significant improvement in the techno-economic aspects.
Enterprise Profitability and Financial Evaluation Model Based on Statistical Modeling: Taking Tencent Music as an Example
Authors: Chen Junke , Liu Yifan , Zhu Qigang
Published: June 2022

In today’s diversified development model, the combination of modeling and business decision development is particularly important. The advanced theoretical business model established by modeling enables more efficient and accurate financial analysis. In the original enterprise profit evaluation model, the DuPont analysis method cannot take into account the development capability of the enterprise very well. This article takes Tencent Music as an example, and improves it on the basis of DuPont analysis. The Enterprise Capital Profit Model was proposed. At the same time, the LASSO regression based on cluster analysis is used to screen, analyze, and diagnose the financial data of Tencent Music in recent years, which verifies the validity and feasibility of the model. This paper uses the report data combined with statistical modeling to optimize the traditional financial evaluation method of enterprises, better find problems, and provide strategies for the further development of enterprises. Likewise, the method can be extended to other businesses to help them analyze their financial situation and provide a reference for future development.
Dynamic Analytical Solution of a Charged Dilaton Black Hole
Authors: Wang Ruifang , Liu Jianwen , Gao Fabao
Published: June 2022

This paper addresses an analytic solution of the particles in a charged dilaton black hole based on the two-timing scale method from the perspective of dynamics. The constructed solution is surprisingly consistent with the “exact solution” in the numerical sense of the system. It can clearly reflect how the physical characteristics of the particle flow, such as the viscosity, absolute temperature, and thermodynamic pressure, affect the characteristics of the black hole. Additionally, we also discuss the geometric structure relationship between the critical temperature and the charge as well as the dilaton parameter when a charged dilaton black hole undergoes a phase transition. It is found that the critical temperature decreases with the increase of the charge for a given dilaton value. When the charge value is small, the critical temperature value will first decrease and then increase as the dilaton value increases. Conversely, the critical temperature value will always increase with the dilaton parameter.
On De la Peña Type Inequalities for Point Processes
Authors: Liu Naiqi , Ulyanov Vladimir V. , Wang Hanchao
Published: June 2022

There has been a renewed interest in exponential concentration inequalities for stochastic processes in probability and statistics over the last three decades. De la Peña established a nice exponential inequality for a discrete time locally square integrable martingale. In this paper, we obtain de la Peña’s inequalities for a stochastic integral of multivariate point processes. The proof is primarily based on Doléans–Dade exponential formula and the optional stopping theorem. As an application, we obtain an exponential inequality for block counting process in Λ−coalescent.
Coarse Graining on Financial Correlation Networks
Authors: Balcı Mehmet Ali , Batrancea Larissa M. , Akgüller Ömer , Nichita Anca
Published: June 2022

Community structure detection is an important and valuable task in financial network studies as it forms the basis of many statistical applications such as prediction, risk analysis, and recommendation. Financial networks have a natural multi-grained structure that leads to different community structures at different levels. However, few studies pay attention to these multi-part features of financial networks. In this study, we present a geometric coarse graining method based on Voronoi regions of a financial network. Rather than studying the dense structure of the network, we perform our analysis on the triangular maximally filtering of a financial network. Such filtered topology emerges as an efficient approach because it keeps local clustering coefficients steady and it underlies the network geometry. Moreover, in order to capture changes in coarse grains geometry throughout a financial stress, we study Haantjes curvatures of paths that are the farthest from the center in each of the Voronoi regions. We performed our analysis on a network representation comprising the stock market indices BIST (Borsa Istanbul), FTSE100 (London Stock Exchange), and Nasdaq-100 Index (NASDAQ), across three financial crisis periods. Our results indicate that there are remarkable changes in the geometry of coarse grains.
An Interdisciplinary Study Regarding the Characteristics of Dental Resins Used for Temporary Bridges
Authors: Mârțu Ioana , Murariu Alice , Baciu Elena Raluca , Savin Carmen Nicoleta , Foia Iolanda , Tatarciuc Monica , Diaconu-Popa Diana
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: The surface condition of the materials that are used for temporary prostheses influences their microbial colonization, with a direct impact on the oral tissues. This study aims at a comparative analysis of three types of resins for temporary bridges using conventional and digital technologies. The attention was focused on the analysis of the surface characteristics and mechanical strength of these materials. Materials and Methods: The surface condition was assessed for three distinct materials both before and after polishing- heat-curing resin Superpont C + B (SpofaDental, Jicin, Czech Republic) used unconventional technology, Zotion dental milling polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) block (Zotion, Chongqing, China) for provisional crowns/bridges used in digital subtractive technologies and Freeprint Temp (Detax GmbH & Co. KG, Ettlingen, Germany) resin for temporary crowns and bridges that are used in 3D printing technologies. The two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that polishing leads to a statistically significant increase in roughness coefficients for all the three resins that were tested (p < 0.001). While the highest roughness coefficients were displayed in the 3D cured sample, the largest decrease was reported by the milled sample Results: The results revealed that surface roughness was significantly influenced by both the type of resin that was used (p < 0.001) and the treatment that was induced by finishing and polishing (p < 0.001). Similar p-values were obtained for each of the three resins. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a significant optimization of the surfaces after finishing and polishing and statistically significant differences between the surface parameters and the mechanical properties of the samples. The low values of the roughness and the acceptable values of the mechanical resistance for the conventional samples indicate these materials for the long-term temporary bridge’s realization, allowing the correct restoration of the functions and the rehabilitation at the oral level.
Clinicopathologic Characteristics Associated with Prognosis in Ocular Extranodal Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Choi Soyeon , Seo Minjung , Park Seol Hoon , Jo Jae-Cheol , Chae Seoung Wan , Lee Ju-Hyang , Cha Hee Jeong
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type is the most common subtype of the ocular adnexal lymphoma. Despite its excellent prognosis, some patients experience partial remission or progressive disease. We aimed to evaluate clinicopathologic differences in the treatment responder group by comparing complete remission (CR) and non-complete remission (non-CR). Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 48 patients who were diagnosed with ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma at Ulsan University Hospital between March 2002 and August 2018. Patients who were followed up for less than 6 months were excluded. Histologic and clinical features were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: CR and non-CR. Results: Among the 48 patients, 33 achieved CR and 15 achieved non-CR during the median follow-up period of 40.00 months (range, 7–109 months). In univariable analysis, more patients tend to undergo treatment in the CR group, and post-radiotherapy (post-RT) SUVmax, PET and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were higher in the non-CR group (p = 0.043, p = 0.016, and p = 0.042, respectively). In a multivariable analysis, only application of treatment, including radiotherapy or chemotherapy with immunotherapy, was related to CR (odd ratio 7.301, 95% confidence interval 1.273–41.862, p = 0.026). In subgroup analysis according to the site of involvement, none of the variables were significant except for the post-RT SUVmax of PET and level of serum LDH in the non-conjunctiva group (p = 0.026, and p = 0.037, respectively). Seven (14.6%) patients had a recurrence, and those with a recurring site other than the primary site had a higher Ki-67 labeling index, although it was not statistically significant (9.56% vs. 18.00%, p = 0.095). Conclusions: Although belonging to the early stages, the non-CR rate was high in patients with high serum LDH levels, and recurred patients had higher Ki-67. Thus, considering active treatment is recommended in this group of patients.