bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
100 years of lake evolution over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Ran Youhua , Wan Wei , Luo Wei , Chen Wenfeng , Xu Fenglin , Li Xin
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Lakes can be effective indicators of climate change, and this is especially so for the lakes over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), the highest
plateau in the world, which undergoes little direct human influence. The QTP has warmed at twice the mean global rate, and the lakes there respond
rapidly to climate and cryosphere changes. The QTP has ∼ 1200 lakes larger than 1 km2 with a total area of
∼ 46 000 km2, accounting for approximately half the number and area of lakes in China. The lakes over the QTP have been selected
as an essential example for global lakes or water body studies. However, concerning lake data over the QTP are limited to the Landsat era and/or
available at sparse intervals. Here, we extend the record to provide comprehensive lake evolution data sets covering the past 100 years (from
1920 to 2020). Lake mapping in 1920 was derived from an early map of the Republic of China and in 1960 from the topographic map of China. The
densest lake inventories produced so far between 1970 and 2020 (covering all lakes larger than 1 km2 in 14 epochs) are mapped from
Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and OLI images. The lake evolution shows remarkable transitions between four phases: significant shrinkage in 1920–1995,
rapid linear increase in 1995–2010, relative stability in 2010–2015, and further increase in 2015–2020. The spatial pattern indicates that the
majority of lakes shrank in 1920–1995 and expanded in 1995–2020, with a dominant enlargement for central-north lakes in contrast to contraction
for southern lakes in 1976–2020. The time series of precipitation between 1920 and 2017 indirectly supports the evolution trends of lakes
identified in this study. The lake data set is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4678104 (Zhang et al., 2021a).
Vertical profiles of leaf photosynthesis and leaf traits, and soil nutrients in two tropical rainforests in French Guiana before and after a three-year nitrogen and phosphorus addition experiment
Authors: Verryckt Lore Talle , Vicca Sara , Van Langenhove Leandro , Stahl Clément , Asensio Dolores , Urbina Ifigenia , Ogaya Romà , Llusià Joan , Grau Oriol , Peguero Guille , Gargallo-Garriga Albert , Courtois Elodie A. , Margalef Olga , Portillo-Estrada Miguel , Ciais Philippe , Obersteiner Michael , Fuchslueger Lucia , Lugli Laynara F. , Fernandez-Garberí Pere-Roc , Vallicrosa Helena , Verlinden Melanie , Ranits Christian , Vermeir Pieter , Coste Sabrina , Verbruggen Erik , Bréchet Laëtitia , Sardans Jordi , Chave Jérôme , Peñuelas Josep , Janssens Ivan A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Terrestrial biosphere models typically use the biochemical model of Farquhar, von Caemmerer and Berry (1980) to simulate photosynthesis, which requires accurate values of photosynthetic capacity of different biomes. However, data on tropical forests are sparse and highly variable due to the high species diversity, and it is still highly uncertain how these tropical forests respond to nutrient limitation in terms of C uptake. Tropical forests often grow on phosphorus (P)-poor soils and are, in general, assumed to be P- rather than nitrogen (N)-limited. However, the relevance of P as a control of photosynthetic capacity is still debated. Here, we provide a comprehensive dataset of vertical profiles of photosynthetic capacity and important leaf traits, including leaf N and P concentrations, from two three-year, large-scale nutrient addition experiments conducted in two tropical rainforests in French Guiana. These data present a unique source of information to further improve model representations of the roles of N, P, and other leaf nutrients, in photosynthesis in tropical forests. To further facilitate the use of our data in syntheses and model studies, we provide an elaborate list of ancillary data, including important soil properties and nutrients, along with the leaf data. As environmental drivers are key to improve our understanding of carbon (C)-nutrient cycle interactions, this comprehensive dataset will aid to further enhance our understanding of how nutrient availability interacts with C uptake in tropical forests. The data are available at DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4719242 (Verryckt, 2021).
The accuracy of temporal upscaling of instantaneous evapotranspiration to daily values with seven upscaling methods
Authors: Liu Zhaofei
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This study evaluated the accuracy of seven upscaling methods in simulating daily latent heat flux (LE) from instantaneous values
using observations from 148 global sites under all sky conditions and at different times during the day. Daily atmospheric transmissivity (τ)
was used to represent the sky conditions. The results showed that all seven
methods could accurately simulate daily LE from instantaneous values. The
mean and median of Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency were 0.80 and 0.85,
respectively, and the corresponding determination coefficients were 0.87 and
0.90, respectively. The sine and Gaussian function methods simulated mean
values with relatively higher accuracy, with relative errors generally
within ±10 %. The evaporative fraction (EF) methods, which use
potential evapotranspiration and incoming shortwave radiation, performed
relatively better than the other methods in simulating daily series.
Overall, the EF method using potential evapotranspiration had the highest
accuracy. However, the sine function and the EF method using
extraterrestrial solar irradiance are recommended in upscaling applications
because of the relatively minimal data requirements of these methods and
their comparable or relatively higher accuracy. The intra-day distribution
of the LE showed greater consistency with the Gaussian function than the
sine function. However, the accuracy of simulated daily LE series using the
Gaussian function method did not improve significantly compared with the
sine function method. The simulation accuracy showed a minor difference when using the same type of method, for example, the same type of mathematical
function or EF method. In any upscaling scheme, the simulation accuracy from
multi-time values was significantly higher than that from a single-time value. Therefore, when multi-time data are available, multi-time values
should be used in evapotranspiration upscaling. The upscaling methods show
the ability to accurately simulate daily LE from instantaneous values from
09:00 to 15:00, particularly for instantaneous values between 11:00 and 14:00. However, outside of this time range the upscaling methods performed poorly.
These methods can simulate daily LE series with high accuracy at τ > 0.6; when τ < 0.6, simulation accuracy is
significantly affected by sky conditions and is generally positively related to daily atmospheric transmissivity. Although every upscaling scheme
can accurately simulate daily LE from instantaneous values at most sites,
this ability is lost at tropical rainforest and tropical monsoon sites.
Artefactos preventivos y cultura de seguridad en empresas subcontratadas de minería. Valparaíso-Chile
Authors: Muñoz Salazar Patricia , Calavacero Balza Natalia , Díaz Tramolao Paloma
Published: August 2021

El documento analiza la incidencia de los artefactos preventivos en la cultura de seguridad en trabajadores de una faena minera de la región de Valparaíso (Chile). Con una metodología mixta, se revisan las opiniones recogidas en entrevistas y se combinan con las recopiladas de un cuestionario, sobre los artefactos preventivos de los riesgos presentes en las faenas mineras. Se analizan cuatro artefactos: el Comité Paritario de Higiene y Seguridad, la Charla operacional, el Análisis de Riesgo de la Tarea y la Tarjeta Verde. Los resultados indican que todos estos artefactos ejercen gran influencia en la cultura preventiva. Se concluye que existen diferencias, pues el Comité Paritario de Higiene y Seguridad y las Charlas Operacionales tienen efectividad práctica, en tanto el Análisis de Riesgo de la Tarea y la Tarjeta Verde, tienen una efectividad más simbólica que práctica.
Reintegro laboral de líderes de empresas de transporte
Authors: Galarza-Iglesias Ana M. , Ordoñez-Hernández Cecilia A. , Goméz-Salazar Lessby
Published: August 2021

El reintegro laboral es la condición en la cual un trabajador retorna al trabajo después de una ausencia por afectación en salud que restringe el desarrollo pleno de actividades laborales. Con el objetivo de comprender el significado del reintegro laboral para líderes y supervisores en una empresa de bus de rápido tránsito en Cali- Colombia, se llevó a cabo esta investigación de tipo cualitativa con enfoque desde fenomenología hermenéutica. Se contó con 8 participantes a quienes se les realizó entrevista semiestructurada en profundidad. Como resultados se tiene que para los líderes y supervisores el reintegro laboral tiene un significado de obligatoriedad que afecta el sistema productivo. Se percibe dependencia, desconocimiento y relación de desconfianza hacia el trabajador y al sistema de seguridad social. La comunicación en el reintegro es deficiente. Esta investigación permite concluir que los líderes y supervisores deben crear vínculos efectivos con los trabajadores reintegrados y el sistema de seguridad social a partir de un modelo teórico que contemple las necesidades particulares. Así mismo, el conocer la estructura y significado del reintegro laboral aporta fundamentos para generar sistemas integrados en las empresas y políticas públicas que garanticen trabajo digno de todo ser humano, prevención de la discapacidad articulado a un sistema productivo.
Estrategia competitiva en el sector Construcción: Uso de fibras de Cáñamo
Authors: Sánchez- Hernández Yusely J. , Martinez-Montaña Maribel , Gutiérrez-Junco Oscar
Published: August 2021

Las construcciones de tipo civil contribuyen al crecimiento económico de un país, razón por la cual la utilización de materiales de refuerzo como las fibras van en aumento en proyectos de construcción. De ahí que el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las percepciones frente al uso de fibras naturales (cáñamo) y a las fibras sintéticas (vidrio), en empresas dedicadas a la construcción en el departamento de Boyacá, como un estrategia organizacional de competitividad. Se utilizó el método de escalamiento multidimensional no métrico y el procedimiento de escala de mínimos cuadrados alternos, donde los consumidores potenciales hicieron juicios de similitud, con 9 atributos ordenando las respuestas en tres grupos, que dieron como resultado 5 iteraciones para llegar a un Stress de 0,09688 indicando un buen ajuste. Se concluye que la asociación de los factores técnico, estratégico y psicológico; influyen en la decisión de compra, los parámetros ambientales no son considerados como relevantes; mientras el precio y durabilidad afectan el comportamiento del consumidor. Finalmente los aspectos legales en Colombia, determinan la viabilidad económica y técnica para este sector en la actualidad.
Contabilidad ambiental del agua en empresas sustentables establecidas en México
Authors: Sinforoso Martínez Saulo , Álvarez Velázquez Edalid , Salas Benítez Lázaro
Published: August 2021

La contabilidad ambiental es objeto de discusión en eventos académicos nacionales e internacionales. Su aplicación se ha investigado en economías desarrolladas, sin embargo en países en desarrollo como México, se carece de resultados. En este artículo se determinó la aplicación de la contabilidad ambiental en empresas sustentables establecidas en México, considerando el agua como recurso natural. Se estudiaron 29 empresas sustentables adscritas a la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, a través del método de análisis y síntesis con enfoque mixto y alcance descriptivo. Se utiliza como técnica de recolección de datos el análisis documental en tres dimensiones; informes ambientales, consumo de agua y reconocimiento contable. Los resultados demuestran que las empresas que cotizan en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores con el Índice de Precios y Cotizaciones. Sustentable, aplican la contabilidad ambiental al registrar gastos e inversiones para el cuidado y conservación del agua. Los hallazgos confirman las afirmaciones de la Teoría Tridimensional de la Contabilidad. Se concluye que la adopcióe implementación de la contabilidad ambiental desde la perspectiva de los costos, contribuye a la elaboración de reportes de sustentabilidad exigidos por las instituciones financieras.
Gestión educativa descentralizada con enfoque territorial
Authors: Flores Ledesma Katia Ninozca , Montoya Vargas Angela , Vasquez Llamo Carlos Enrique , Cánez Palomino Rafael Wilber
Published: August 2021

El gobierno peruano tiene como fin mejorar la atención a los ciudadanos, en su territorio; por ello, creó mecanismos de participación para los actores educativos (autoridades locales, directivos, docentes, estudiantes y padres de familia) con la finalidad de escuchar y atender de manera más directa los requerimientos de este sector. En este sentido, la investigación, tuvo como objetivo analizar y describir la participación de los actores involucrados en la gestión educativa descentralizada bajo un enfoque territorial. El método utilizado fue el análisis documental y/o bibliográfico, proceso descriptivo e interpretativo basado en la bùsqueda cuidadosa de la literatura y metadatos, el resultado evidencia que la participación de los actores es vital, en el marco del enfoque territorial para lograr una gestión descentralizada óptima en el sector educación. Se concluyó, que existe la necesidad de establecer una ruta de gestión descentralizada en el sector educativo, así como, la creación de mecanismos de soporte intersectorial e intergubernamental basados en el enfoque territorial para lograr una eficiente calidad de la educación en todo el territorio nacional.
The Divergence Between Prophet’s Masjid and Present Masjid: An Architectural Essay
Authors: Deni Deni , Karsono Bambang , Mirsa Rinaldi , Safyan Adi , Saputra Eri
Published: August 2021

Basically, functional aspect in masjid can easily understand that there are divergence phenomena between the present masjid compared to the physical appearance and function of the Prophet's Masjid in the beginning. The objective of study is to reveals the existence of the Prophet's Masjid regarding the process and physical description of the masjid through hadith, sirah nabawiyah and related references as a guideline for comparative thinking on the present masjid. Critical descriptive research method is used as an analytical instrument to     assess present masjid by adopting the idea of function in architecture knowledge and collaborate with the idea of social values as a  reflection of the paradigm of Muslims towards the present masjid. Discussion find out that the people's perspective on present masjid tends to be statically trapped in the shape, form and visuals from the legacy of Islamic civilization after the time of the Prophet’s Muhammad PBUH.
"Evaluation of Some Methods for Estimating the Weibull Distribution Parameters"
Authors: Labban J. A. , Depheal H. H.
Published: August 2021

"This paper some of different methods to estimate the parameters of the 2-Paramaters Weibull distribution such as (Maximum likelihood Estimation, Moments, Least Squares, Term Omission). Mean square error will be considered to compare methods fits in case to select the best one. There by simulation will be implemented to generate different random sample of the 2-parameters Weibull distribution, those contain (n=10, 50, 100, 200) iteration each 1000 times."
Persistence of long COVID symptoms in COVID-19 survivors worldwide and its potential pathogenesis - A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fahriani Marhami , Ilmawan Muhammad , Fajar Jonny K. , Maliga Helnida A. , Frediansyah Andri , Masyeni Sri , Yusuf Hanifah , Nainu Firzan , Rosiello Francesco , Sirinam Salin , Keam Synat , Ophinni Youdiil
Published: August 2021

The study sought to determine the prevalence of persistent long COVID symptoms such as anxiety, depression, dizziness, chest pain, sleep difficulty, palpitations, weight loss, and hair loss among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors worldwide and to discuss the potential pathogeneses. Potential studies were searched in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) as of January 30, 2021. Data on study characteristics, patient characteristics during the follow-up, the number of patients with persistent long COVID symptoms and total COVID-19 survivors were collected according to PRISMA guidelines. To assess the quality of studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used. The estimated prevalence of each long COVID symptom and the association between COVID-19 severity and the occurrence of prolonged symptoms was assessed, if appropriate. The global prevalence of prolonged anxiety was 15.76% (95%CI: 6.36%, 25.15%). Chest pain persisted in 10.36% (239/3,224) of COVID-19 patients (95%CI: 4.92%, 15.80%). Prolonged depression was found in 24 of 548 COVID-19 survivors with an estimated prevalence of 4.32% (95%CI: 2.62%, 6.03%) and dizziness was presented in 4.83% (118/2,219, 95%CI: 1.50%, 8.16%) after recovery. Hair loss was complained by 527 of 2,251 recovered patients (cumulative prevalence of 24.76%, 95%CI: 19.60%, 29.91%), while weight loss was identified in 37 cases among 452 COVID-19 survivors (8.19%, 95%CI: 5.66%, 10.71%). Prolonged palpitation was experienced by 19.38% (211/1,926) survivors with 95%CI: 2.40%, 41.16%. Sleep difficulty was found in 541 of 2,622 COVID-19 survivors (17.87%, 95%CI: 7.55%, 28.20%). The association between COVID-19 severity and the occurrence of persistent long COVID symptoms was not analyzed due to the lack of data. In conclusion, persistent psychological symptoms are frequently reported among COVID-19 survivors. Follow-up studies with a longer duration and larger population are warranted to assess the extent of prolonged symptoms and the quality of life of COVID-19 survivors. Despite various potential pathogeneses that have been hypothesized, a definitive mechanism is yet to be addressed.
Effect of Microwave Power and Time on Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Characteristics of Microwave Assisted Extracts of Watermelon Rind Powder
Authors: Shahid Tanzeel , Khan Ammar Ahmad , Khalil Anees Ahmed , Batool Madiha , Khan Sundus , Aslam Ayesha
Published: August 2021

Watermelon is gaining importance as a functional food due to its therapeutic effect. The therapeutic effect of watermelon has been reported and has been attributed to antioxidant constitutes.The major component in watermelon rind is citrulline that has a strong antioxidant effect which protect body from free-radical damage.Objective:This study was conducted to investigate the effect of microwave powers (150 W, 300 W & 450 W) and time intervals (1,3 & 5 minutes) on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant characteristics i.e. DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) of microwave assisted extracts of watermelon rind powder.Methods:The extracts collected after Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of watermelon rind wereanalyzed for their antioxidant potential through different tests including total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH assayand FRAP.Results:Microwave assisted extraction by using ethanol as a solvent at different microwave powers and various time intervals showed that total antioxidant potential was significantly higher at low microwave power such as TPC ranges obtained at 150W for 1, 3 & 5 minutes of time intervals show ranges (159.84, 160.04 & 169.71 mg GAE/100 g). While TFC ranges at 150W for time 1, 3 & 5 minutes were (21.31, 24.15 & 42.20 mg CEQ/100g) whereas DPPH ranges at 150W for time 1, 3 & 5 minutes were (53.14, 54.87 & 68.17 % ascorbic acid inhibition) and FRAP values at 150W for time 1, 3 & 5 minutes were (201.71, 221.50 & 326.43 mg FE/100g). While high microwave power 450W can result in disruption of some antioxidants at various time intervals.Conclusions:Watermelon rind is a rich source of many antioxidants andmicrowave assisted extraction technique should be implemented in the food and nutraceutical industries and microwave assisted extracts of watermelon rind should be utilize for the development of new functional food to combat many health related problems
DIGITALIZATION OF LEGAL POLICY OR LEGAL POLICY OF DIGITALIZATION: STATE OF IMPLEMENTATION AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Yu. Mykytyuk
Published: August 2021

It is established that the technologies of artificial intelligence determine the state of implementation of digitalization and socio-economic development of the state. In view of this, it is proved that it is necessary to study the peculiarities of the legal regulation of digitalization and the state of public policy. With this in mind, the greatest attention is paid to the analysis of the provisions of the Concept of Artificial Intelligence Development in Ukraine (2020). It was found that the Concept contains a number of terms that require clarification, namely: "artificial intelligence industry", "state policy in the field of legal regulation of artificial intelligence industry", "public administration" and so on. It is reasonable to consider "industry" in the context of "sphere", and "public policy" as a component of "public administration". In addition, it is recommended to bring the legal terminology (defined in the Concept) in line with its scientific and theoretical characteristics.
STATE POLICY ON DECENTRALIZATION PUBLIC AUTHORITIES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Yu. Batyr , A. Pomaza-Ponomarenko , I. Lopatchenko
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the essence of building effective public power at the national and regional levels in Ukraine. It is determined that an important element of the political system of society is local self-government. Decentralization can rightly be considered one of the most "humane" reforms carried out in Ukraine and which provides qualitative improvement of the living environment of people, the ability to realize their aspirations for quality education, medicine, culture, social protection.
During the reform of local self-government in Ukraine, a new system of administrative-territorial organization was formed, which allowed to form 1470 united territorial communities (UTC) instead of 11250. At the same time, the most significant result of budget decentralization is an increase in local taxes % in 2012 to 30% in 2018, mainly due to the transfer of certain taxes and fees to local budgets. A positive assessment of decentralization of power in Ukraine is the growth of trust in local authorities more than doubled (from 13.8% to 27.9%) against the background of significant distrust of the President - 74.0%, the Verkhovna Rada - 83.5%, the Government of Ukraine - 80.3%.
Kleiner Nutzen, grosser Schaden
Authors: Staub Heribert
Published: August 2021

Mit der Einführung einer Verleihgebühr bei Gratis-Ausleihen in Bibliotheken, der sogenannten Bibliothekstantieme, soll das Schweizer Urheberrecht ans EU-Recht angeglichen werden. Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Rechnung zeigt, dass der Aufwand für diese Gebühr in keinem Verhältnis zu ihrem Nutzen steht. Bibliotheken tragen den finanziellen Aufwand, Autorinnen und Autoren profitieren kaum. Deshalb sprechen sich über 600 Bibliotheken, die Bibliotheksverbände, der Buchhändler- und Verlegerverband, Kantone, Gemeinden, Städte, Parteien, Arbeitgeberorganisationen und der Schweizerische Gewerkschaftsbund gegen die Einführung einer Bibliothekstantieme aus.
Die Person der Zeitgeschichte: Entstauben oder entsorgen?
Authors: Maja Sieber Rena Zulauf und
Published: August 2021

Die Autorinnen stehen der Anwendung des Rechtsbegriffs der Person der Zeitgeschichte durch Schweizer Gerichte kritisch gegenüber. Im Kern der Kritik steht der Umstand, dass die Gerichte hierzulande den Begriff „Person der Zeitgeschichte“ mit dem öffentlichen Interesse an einer Berichterstattung gleichsetzen. Das ist problematisch, weil dabei die Abwägung entgegenstehender Interessen auf der Rechtfertigungsebene von Art. 28 ZGB oftmals verloren geht. Dass die Rechtsfigur der Person der Zeitgeschichte in der Schweiz in der beschriebenen Art angewendet wird, hat historische Gründe, die aber überholt sind. Dies zeigt ein Blick auf die geänderte Rechtsprechung in Deutschland nach einer entsprechenden Kritik des EGMR.
An Evaluation of the National English Language Exam in Jordan for Postgraduate Studies: Validity and Reliability
Authors: Ali Obeidat Firas , Sheik Ayub
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the National English Language Exam (NELE) in Jordan for postgraduate studies. According to reviewing the most related studies using the review method, it was found that the NELE is valid and reliable depending on the evaluation of the Commission for Accreditation and Quality Assurance (CAQA) in Jordan. However, it was indicated that no studies discussed the validity and reliability of the NELE in Jordan. Otherwise, few studies evaluated the English language courses like Action Pack and Petra used by the Ministry of Education in Jordan to teach English as a foreign language. These studies found that these courses are valid and reliable. As well as, it was concluded that an enormous shortage in the literature that discussed the validity and reliability of the NELE in more depth and details. Therefore, this paper recommends more studies to evaluation the reliability and validity of the NELE in Jordan.
Soybean Productivity and Agrometeorological Variables Assessed from the perspective of Spatial and Circular Statistics
Authors: Silva Edilza Martins da , Gasparin Priscila Pigatto , Paludo Alex , Becker Willyan Ronaldo , Guedes Luciana Pagliosa Carvalho , Johann Jerry Adriani
Published: August 2021

Climate change can affect the development of soybean cultivation, impacting your productivity. Thus, agrometeorological information is essential in order to improve productivity strategies. The objective of the paper was to analyze the influence and occurrence of seasonality of the following agrometeorological variables on soybean productivity: mean air temperature [TMean] (ºC), accumulated rainfall value [Rain] (mm), global solar radiation [Sr] (MJ m-2 day-1), and potential evapotranspiration [ETp] (mm), in ten-day variations of the the maximum vegetative development date (MVDD), in the 2011/2012 and 2013/2014 harvest years in the state of Paraná. The study was based on spatial distribution of variables, using univariate and bivariate Global Moran’s Indexes, and multivariate clustering analysis. To verify seasonality in the time distribution of the agrometeorological variables in the ten-day variations close to soybean MVDD, we used the circular statistics, through the mean vector length (R). Result it was identified regions of the state that have higher and lower rainfall and seasonality, also have higher and lowest productivity, respectively. That the variation in soybean productivity between harvest years was correlated with the agrometeorological variables, and rainfall volume is an important factor in productivity. The other agrometeorological variables occurred uniformly, especially in 2011/2012 harvest year, in the Northwest, Central-northern and West mesoregions. Furthermore, there was clustering of regions with similar spatial distribution of the evapotranspiration and rainfall variables in 2aDMDV2d in the 2011/2012 and 2013/2014 harvest year, showed the same spatial distribution of the agrometeorological variables and the productivity variable.
Intramedullary nail: the past, present and the future – a review exploring where the future may lead us
Authors: Wong Wei Kang Noah , Tan Wen Po Jonathan , Phua Yue Min Crystal , Min Amelia Tan Gek , Naidu Kishan , Umapathysivam Kandiah , Smitham Peter Jonathan
Published: August 2021

Background

Intramedullary nails (IMNs) are the current gold standard treatment for long bone diaphyseal and selected metaphyseal fractures. The design of IMNs has undergone many revisions since its invention in the 16th century, with a dramatic increase in novel designs in recent years aiming to further improve intramedullary fixation techniques.

Aims

To map the evolution of IMNs in orthopedic surgery, discuss the limitations and complications of current IMNs and identify novel IMNs that may influence future design innovations.

Methods

We undertook a scoping review on the status of orthopedic IMNs by reviewing Google Scholar with the following keywords. Publications and patents selected for retrieval were initially assessed on the title and abstract by five independent reviewers. 52 papers were retrieved for complete text examination, and secondary references were checked from these papers. The results were discussed within the research group and consensus was obtained describing novel IMNs.

Results

Novel IMN designs include growth factor and/or antimicrobial coatings targeting fracture healing and perioperative infection risk, respectively; minimally invasive expandable IMNs to avoid the need for interlocking screws; and novel materials such as carbon fiber for their theoretically superior biomechanical properties and avoidance of artifact on CT and MRI imaging.

Conclusion

The novel IMNs proposed in recent years collectively aim to improve intramedullary fixation techniques by reducing operative time and radiation exposure, improving fracture healing or monitoring bone cancer progression. However, more research and development are necessary to solve these complex problems.
Inhibition versus activation of canonical Wnt-signaling, to promote chondrogenic differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A review.
Authors: Schizas Nikitas P. , Zafeiris Christos , Neri Anna-Aikaterini , Anastasopoulos Panagiotis P. , Papaioannou Nikolaos A. , Dontas Ismene A.
Published: August 2021

Canonical Wnt signaling regulation is essential for controlling stemness and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the mechanism through which canonical Wnt-dependent MSC lineage commitment leads to chondrogenesis is controversial. Some studies hypothesize that inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling induces MSC chondrogenic differentiation, while others support that the pathway should be activated to achieve MSC chondrogenesis. The purpose of the present review is to analyze data from recent studies to elucidate parameters regarding the role of canonical Wnt signaling in MSC chondrogenic differentiation.
Bifurcation and Chaos Control of a System of Rational Difference Equations
Authors: AHMED Rizwan , AKHTAR Shehraz , MUKHTAR Muzammil , ANWAR Faiza
Published: August 2021

We study a system of rational difference equations in this article. For equilibrium points, we present the stability conditions. In addition, we show that the system encounters period-doubling bifurcation at the trivial equilibrium point O and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation at the non-trivial equilibrium point E. To control the chaotic behavior of the system, we use the hybrid control approach. We also verify our theoretical outcomes at the end with some numerical applications
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and acute toxicity evaluation of Litchi chinensis seed extract in albino rat
Authors: KC Sindhu , Pandey Bipindra , KC Sistu , Gurung Santosh , Gautam Ashish
Published: August 2021

Litchi chinensis is a edible fruits of soapberry family commonly known as lychee; is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation, headache, and body pain. The present study investigated the toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity of the ethanolic crude extract of Litchi chinensis to support its traditional use in its folk medicine and to screen the phytochemical constituents. 70% ethanolic extract of seeds of Litchi chinensis (LCSE) was prepared and preliminary phytochemical screening was performed. Acute toxicity of LCSE was carried out based on OECD guidelines 423. In vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of the extract was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and hot plate methods in Wistar albino rat's model. Results revealed that LCSE contains phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. LD50 values were found to be higher than 5000 mg/kg body weight; no any sign of toxicity, behavior changes, moribund, and mortality were observed in LCSE treated animals. Oral administration of LCSE at the dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg produced a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent inhibition in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and hot plate. These results suggest that LCSE is non-toxic, and shows potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities over Wistar albino rats. These finding demonstrate that lychee seed extract acts as a good therapeutic candidate for the safe anti-inflammatory agents.
Conservarea resurselor naturale în rezervatiile peisajere
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Liogchii Nina , Begu Adam ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Fasola Regina ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

In the paper are presented the results of the researches in the Landscape Reservations from Calarasi district. The study is based on field and laboratory research. The valuable natural components of the reserves are highlighted. As a result of the researches it was found that each of the evaluated areas has its role in the protection of certain valuable components. Being designed to conserve the geographical landscapes, the reservations are extremely valuable for preserving the natural habitats and ensuring the protection and conservation specific to the Codry area flora and fauna thus contributing to the preservation of natural resources and maintenance of ecological balance in the Region.
Etologia ecologico-evolutiva a amfibienilor: sinteza conceptuala a rezultatelor investigatiilor la nivel regional si european
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Cozari Tudor
Published: August 2021

Following from long investigations of more than 50 populations of amphibians from the Republic of Moldova and Italy were elucidated ecological particularities and evolutionary reproductive behavior of some species of Caudata and Anura Orders. For the first time, on Autecological & Sinecological level, has been made assessment of nuptial systems of amphibians – of parental contribution, reproductive success, „r” & „K” reproductive strategies and their role in sexual selection and evolution the attainment of reproductive potential as a fundamental mechanism of survival of amphibian populations in various ambient conditions.
Particularitatile utilizarii resurselor de apa în BH RAUT (în limitele RD Centru)
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Burduja Daniela , Bacal Petru ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Ciocan Nadejda ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research consists in the elucidation of spatial and branch aspects of the water use in the Răut river basin (in the limits of Central Development Region). The main topics presented in this paper are: 1) the dynamics of water use in this basin; 2) spatial aspects of water use; 3) dynamics of water use by the main usage categories; 4) branch profile of water use and its dynamics: 5) existing problems in the evaluation and monitoring of water use. To achieve these objectives were used traditional methods of geographical and economic research. Also, the content of the present study is focused on the methodology to elaborate the management plans of hydrographical basins and their chapters on economic analysis of water use in a river basin.
Factibilidad de un laboratorio de criogenización de células madre de cordón umbilical
Authors: Loo Gil Cesar
Published: August 2021

El avance tecnológico a nivel mundial, hace necesario la optimización de los procesos financieros en aras de estar preparados para superar posibles situaciones negativas que se presenten durante el desarrollo de una empresa. De allí que, el contar con un plan estratégico que facilite el escenario ya mencionado es fundamental para lograr los objetivos que se proponen, en ese sentido, la investigación para la empresa BioFab, plantea la adecuación de una gestión administrativa y comercial que permita aprovechar las oportunidades de negocios en el mercado de la criogenización de células madre.
Em nome do pai
Authors: Barreto Danielle Cristina dos Santos , Kropf Simone Petraglia
Published: August 2021

Este artigo analisa a trajetória de Evandro Chagas no Instituto de Patologia Experimental do Norte (IPEN), criado por ele em 1936 em Belém do Pará. O pesquisador do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz e filho mais velho do renomado cientista Carlos Chagas tinha por objetivo implantar na Amazônia um centro de pesquisa e ensino em medicina tropical capaz de subsidiar os órgãos estadual e federal de saúde no combate aos problemas sanitários mais relevantes na região, como a leishmaniose visceral e a malária. Evandro Chagas mobilizou seu capital científico e social para estabelecer no norte do país a tradição institucional de Manguinhos da qual seu pai e a doença que leva seu nome haviam sido um emblema. Entretanto, isso se deu num cenário em que os novos atores e estruturas político-institucionais criadas em 1930 impunham transformações expressivas no campo da saúde pública e no próprio arcabouço institucional do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Ao acompanharmos as negociações e conflitos vividos pelo cientista nesse empreendimento, esperamos contribuir para a compreensão dos processos de institucionalização da ciência e da saúde pública na chamada era Vargas.
Cartas de um jovem cientista
Authors: Navarro Pedro de Lima
Published: August 2021

Esta comunicação visa apresentar uma tradução comentada da correspondência entre Francisco de Arruda Furtado (1854-1887) e Charles Darwin (1809-1882) originalmente em francês e inglês. Também apresento aqui um transcrito traduzido parcial de cartas ainda não publicadas entre Darwin e Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) que mencionam Furtado. Academicamente essas cartas fornecem um recorte sobre o ofício do naturalista no século XIX, sobre a importância das ilhas oceânicas, neste caso os Açores, como laboratórios e estações de trabalho e sobre a vasta rede de contatos postal pela qual os naturalistas se comunicavam. Para além disso, as cartas mostram uma relação inspiradora entre um naturalista açoriano iniciante e seu ídolo quarenta e cinco anos mais velho e uma lenda viva da ciência.
“Curso de Botânica Popular” ministrado por Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá nas Conferências Populares da Glória (1876)
Authors: Varela Alex Gonçalves
Published: August 2021

Temos como objetivo analisar a trajetória do botânico Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá, em especial a sua participação nas Conferências Populares da Glória, quando no ano de 1876 foi o responsável por ministrar um Curso de Botânica Popular. De um total de dez aulas, apenas duas foram impressas e serão objeto de análise crítica. Os textos produzidos para o referido Curso deixam transparecer a contribuição do personagem para o processo de emergência e consolidação das ciências naturais no Império do Brasil.
Brasil e Ucrânia no setor espacial
Authors: Missagia Raquel dos Santos
Published: August 2021

A cooperação espacial entre Brasil e Ucrânia tem suas origens em 1997, mas foi a partir de 2002 que a cooperação ganhou impulso. A principal vantagem dessa cooperação era a entrada autônoma de Brasil e Ucrânia no rentável mercado de lançamento de satélites. O Brasil possui uma base de lançamento com localização privilegiada próximo da linha do Equador e a Ucrânia tem a tecnologia de lançamento de satélites. No início dos anos 2000 o estabelecimento dessa cooperação tinha elementos suficientes para ser bem-sucedida. Através da análise de fontes primárias e bibliografia secundária buscamos apresentar uma análise histórica dos fatores que contribuíram para a constituição dessa cooperação.
Vade tecum
Authors: Ferreti Junior Arlindo , Westphal Euler Renato , Meira Roberta Barros
Published: August 2021

Monteiro Lobato leu, citou e recomendou os livros de Friedrich Nietzsche, declarando ser ele o maior gênio da filosofia moderna. Estes dois homens viveram em um contexto de ascensão do pensamento biológico e do desenvolvimento da eugenia. O escritor, como o filósofo alemão, manifestou-se de formas distintas em favor do controle da reprodução humana em benefício de uma imagem normativa de homem. Ressaltamos que Lobato não se entregou totalmente a este pensamento, mantendo uma visão positiva do progresso e posicionando- -se favorável à expansão de medidas profiláticas e terapêuticas, além de ter mantido em alta conta os médicos sanitaristas, por seu papel atenuante na miséria nacional.
trajetória do sangue no corpo humano
Authors: Augusto Thaís Gimenez da Silva , Silva Junior Carlos Aparecido da
Published: August 2021

A literatura aponta a importância da abordagem da História da Ciência para que os estudantes compreendam a natureza do conhecimento científico e como o mesmo é produzido. Contudo, os professores raramente recebem formação sobre essa temática. Por esses motivos, foi elaborado um curso de formação para professores de Biologia sobre História e Filosofia da Ciência. O presente artigo, analisa os resultados do encontro que tratou da história das ideias sobre circulação sanguínea. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo intervenção. A análise mostrou que o encontro contribuiu para uma visão mais ampla sobre a História da Ciência em relação a um tema sobre o qual os professores pouco sabiam.
É verdade que estamos vivendo uma Crise da Verdade?
Authors: Shapin Stevan , Monteiro Rogério
Published: August 2021

A crítica das ciências está em crise. Pudera. Nas últimas décadas, ela se esforçou para desenvolver e amolar ferramentas que pudessem colocar em outros termos o legado dos paradigmas de Thomas Kuhn. Para ela, as afirmações científicas não eram entidades bem-resolvidas, estáveis por um período longo de bonança, de ciência normal, até que uma revolução viesse em seu encalço e colocasse tudo em novos termos. [...]
The higher degree by research student as ‘master’: Utilising a design thinking approach to improve learner experience in higher degree research supervision
Authors: Van der Laan Luke , Ormsby Gail , Fergusson Lee , Pau Maria
Published: August 2021

This article presents a work-based learning and research approach to professional postgraduate education specifically in the case of Higher Degree by Research (HDR) programs. It highlights a prototype of the Cohort-based Advisory Team (CAT) model as a useful strategy. The authors propose that a design thinking approach that empathises with the student experience as the “Master” of the design reveals insights that may inform future formal higher education in the professions. An overview of the design thinking process associated with the Professional Studies programs as developed at the University of Southern Queensland (USQ) is provided. Case accounts of HDR students in the law and engineering disciplines provide exploratory evidence of the student experience. The article concludes that there is a case to be made to professional associations that this form of professional development (work-based learning and research) should be recognised in terms of the contributions it makes to the knowledge, skills and abilities of graduates.
Kajian Terhadap Cabaran Implementasi Elemen IR4.0 Dalam Proses Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Pensyarah Kejuruteraan Elektrik Politeknik Malaysia
Authors: Hamzah Rosdiah , Ahmad Kamarul Mohsin , Abdullah Mohd. Faizul
Published: August 2021

Kesan perubahan yang berlaku akibat fenomena revolusi industri IR4.0 memerlukan sumber manusia berpengetahuan dan berkemahiran tinggi agar daya saing industri negara dapat diperkasakan. Sehubungan itu, pensyarah politeknik sebagai pihak yang terlibat secara langsung bagi menyediakan sumber manusia sebagai tenaga kerja negara perlu bersedia menghadapi situasi ini. Kajian ini menetapkan 3 objektif yang ingin dicapai iaitu mengenalpasti tahap pengetahuan elemen IR4.0 di kalangan pensyarah kejuruteraan elektrik Politeknik Malaysia, mengenalpasti tahap kemahiran penggunaan elemen IR4.0 dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran pensyarah kejuruteraan elektrik politeknik Malaysia serta mengenalpasti kesediaan kemudahan infrastruktur bagi menyokong pembelajaran IR4.0. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dengan mengedarkan borang soal selidik kepada pensyarah bidang kejuruteraan elektrik di politeknik Malaysia secara dalam talian. Kaedah soal selidik Skala Likert lima mata digunakan sebagai instrumen kajian. Perisian Statistical Packages for the Social Science (SPSS) versi 21 digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Nilai kebolehpercayaan pekali Cronbach’s Alpha yang diperolehi ialah 0.947 yang menunjukkan soalselidik ini mempunyai nilai kebolehpercayaan dan kesahan yang amat baik. Pengkaji telah membahagikan cabaran kepada 3 aspek iaitu dari aspek pegetahuan, kemahiran dan infrasstruktur. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan kesemua cabaran adalah pada tahap sederhana. Sehubungan itu bagi meningkatkan pengetahuan, kemahiran dan infrastruktur yang menyokong elemen IR4.0 seharusnya pihak politeknik berusaha memberikan pelbagai peluang dan menyediakan infrastuktur element IR4.0 bagi memastikan pengetahuan dan kemahiran pensyarah yang akan melatih serta membentuk para lulusan menepati keperluan IR4.0 bagi menyumbang kepada pembangunan negara.
STEM Education Implementation in Indonesia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Farwati Ratna , Metafisika Kartika , Sari Indah , Sitinjak, Debora Suryani , Solikha Dian Farkhatus , Solfarina Solfarina
Published: August 2021

In Indonesia, STEM education has been implemented in the learning process since 2014. The number of researches on the implementation of STEM education are increasing from year to year. Therefore, this research was conducted to map the all articles published online with the theme of STEM education implementation in Indonesia. The scoping review was carried out following the framework from Arksey & O'Malley (2005), with the following steps: (1) formulating research questions, (2) exploring research results on Google Scholar database from 2015-2020 with the keyword “implementation” + "STEM education" + “Indonesia”, (3) sorting the collected articles with predetermined criteria and selecting them according to the PRISMA model, (4) discussion, and (5) conclusion. Found 597 articles that match to these keywords and 154 articles that meet the criteria as research data. The results showed that the STEM education is implemented as a learning strategy and approach, integrated with other learning models, used as a learning assessment, and developed into teaching materials, modules, and learning media. Additionally, teachers implement STEM to improve entrepreneurship skills, learning motivation, and various 21st-century skills in their students. Furthermore, research on STEM has been conducted in 19 provinces in Indonesia, which are dominated by West Java and East Java provinces. Beside that, the STEM education has been studied at all levels of education and high school is the most widely used research subject and STEM education has grown in small units and has proven to be capable of developing many student skills. The implementation of STEM education can be a trigger for renewal in the world of education.
Analiza użyteczności usługi wideokonferencji Microsoft Teams do nauczania zdalnego na uczelni wyższej
Authors: KISTER Radosław , KONECKI Bartosz , SYCHOWIEC Jakub , TWAROWSKI Rafał
Published: August 2021

Usługa wideokonferencji, jaką jest Microsoft Teams, jest rodzajem usługi w modelu „cloud computing” typu SaaS (Software as a Service). W ramach tej usługi jej użytkownicy mogą przesyłać obraz ze swoich kamer, dźwięk ze swoich mikrofonów, tekst (chat) i załączniki (pliki). Udostępniane są też różne funkcje zarządzania komunikacją przez organizatora wideokonferencji. W artykule opisano wyniki badania użyteczności wybranych funkcji płatnej usługi, ze względu na przydatność w prowadzeniu nauczania zdalnego na uczelni wyższej.