bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The cost-effectiveness of surgical excision of colorectal endometriosis compared to ART treatment trajectory (TOSCA study) in the management of colorectal endometriosis and subfertility
Authors: de Koning R , Cantineau A E P , van der Tuuk K , De Bie B , Groen H , van den Akker-van Marle M E , Nap A W , Maas J W M , Jansen F W , Twijnstra A R H , Blikkendaal M D
Published: April 2024

Currently, the optimal treatment to increase the chance of pregnancy and live births in patients with colorectal endometriosis and subfertility is unknown. Evidence suggests that that both surgery and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are effective in improving the live birth rate (LBR) among these women. However, the available evidence is of low quality, reports highly heterogeneous results, lacks direct comparison between both treatment options, and does not assess whether a combination strategy results in a higher LBR compared to IVF/ICSI-only treatment. Additionally, the optimal timing of surgery within the treatment trajectory remains unclear. The primary objective of the TOSCA study is to assess the effectiveness of surgical treatment (potentially combined with IVF/ICSI) compared to IVF-/ICSI-only treatment to increase the chance of an ongoing pregnancy resulting in a live birth in patients with colorectal endometriosis and subfertility, measured by cumulative LBR. Secondary objectives are to assess and compare quality of life and cost-effectiveness in both groups. Patients will be followed for 40 months after inclusion or until live birth. The TOSCA study is expected to be completed in 6 years.

Trial registration number

The TOSCA trial is registered as ‘Cost-Effectiveness of Surgical Excision of Colorectal Endometriosis Compared to ART Treatment Trajectory (TOSCA)’ in the Clinical Trials Register (NCT No. NCT05677269, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05677269)

Date of first patient enrolment

The first patient was included in February 2023.

Lay summary

Treating bowel endometriosis in people with fertility problems is difficult, and at the moment, there is no consensus on the best way to increase the chances of pregnancy. This makes it hard for gynaecologists to advise people when to have either IVF/ICSI or surgery, particularly in patients with fewer pain symptoms, as the benefits of surgery to enhance fertility have to be balanced against the potential risk of side effects. Surgery can improve fertility and pain symptoms, but it may delay people trying to conceive which means the reserve of eggs in the ovaries will reduce with time. IVF/ICSI also seems a viable option, but having the surgery first may increase the chances of conception (both naturally and/or after IVF/ICSI). The TOSCA study aims to determine whether surgery for bowel endometriosis leads to an increased birth rate and better patient reported outcome measures compared to IVF/ICSI alone.
The interaction between seminal plasma, sperm, and endometrium in inter- and intra-species breeding in equids
Authors: Podico Giorgia , Bittar João H , Loux Shavahn C , Souza Fabiana F , Canisso Igor F
Published: April 2024

In brief

In some instances, extra-species breeding in equids is more successful than intraspecies breeding; however, little is known about the immunomodulatory effect of donkey semen and seminal plasma on the mare’s endometrium. This study compared the mare uterine inflammatory response during extra- and intraspecies breeding.

Anecdotal experience suggests horse mares have less post-breeding inflammation and better fertility when bred with donkeys. This study aimed to compare the post-breeding inflammatory response of mares exposed to donkey and horse semen and seminal plasma and evaluate the proteome and metabolome of donkey and horse sperm and seminal plasma. Uterine edema, intrauterine fluid accumulation, polymorphonuclear neutrophils on cytology, and concentrations of progesterone, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL1A, IL1B, IL4, IL6, CXCL8, IL10) were assessed pre- and post infusion of semen and seminal plasma (donkey and horse). The metabolome and proteome were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Mare cycles bred with horse semen had a greater progesterone concentration than those bred with donkey semen at 8 days post ovulation (P = 0.046). At 6 h post infusion, the inflammatory response due to the donkey semen tended to be lower (P = 0.074). Donkey seminal plasma had anti-inflammatory properties compared to horse semen and seminal plasma, as determined by fewer neutrophils on uterine cytology (P < 0.05). Horse semen resulted in greater concentrations of IL6 and lesser concentrations of IL1B (P < 0.05). PGE1, PGE3, and lactoferrin concentrations were significantly more abundant in donkey sperm and seminal plasma. Prostaglandins play an important role in immunomodulation and might contribute to the response triggered in interspecies breeding. In conclusion, breeding horse mares with donkey semen induces similar post-breeding endometritis as observed with horse semen. Donkey seminal plasma results in a lower post-infusion inflammatory response compared to other combinations in the immediate post-breeding.
Desempeño académico y oralidad: interpretación de la teoría de Walter Ong
Authors: Morales López José Alexis
Published: April 2024

El estudio se enfocó en analizar el impacto de la teoría de Walter Ong para el fortalecimiento académico de estudiantes de décimo grado en el colegio New Cambridge School a través de la oralidad. Esta se basó en el marco teórico de Ong, en la cual se utilizó el método cualitativo con enfoque de Investigación - Acción. Se recopilaron datos mediante pruebas iniciales, entrevistas, diarios de campo y pruebas finales. En estas se identificaron áreas por mejorar como la falta de estrategias pedagógicas y la falta de motivación debido a planteamientos tradicionales. Los resultados destacaron la importancia de la motivación en el rendimiento académico y resaltaron los beneficios de combinar escritura y oralidad en actividades académicas para alcanzar los objetivos planteados. Este estudio subraya la forma en que la teoría de Ong puede mejorar el desempeño académico a través de orientaciones innovadoras y mediante la motivación.
Will a re-emergence of ancient infectious diseases pose a new risk to humanity in the coming millennia?
Authors: Tulp, PhD, MD, FACN, CNS Orien L
Published: April 2024

Infectious diseases including smallpox, the black plague, cholera, and others have been responsible for the loss of millions of lives over the past millennia, prior to the development of effective treatment strategies during the recent century. Throughout history, epidemics and pandemics are known to have occurred intermittently throughout the world for over 2,500 years. During the 20th century, many of the causative infectious agents were identified, the evolution of vaccines and antimicrobials were developed, resulting in treatment strategies and public health measures that brought about the resolution and presumed virtual eradication of some of the infectious agents. Cholera is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and outbreaks continue to occur, with the most recent epidemic in Haiti following the massive earthquake of 2010 despite the development of effective vaccines and supporting public health measures. While smallpox was deemed to have been eradicated by the WHO, the recent discovery of Alaskapox, a novel strain of orthopoxvirus that is genetically similar to ‘old-world’ smallpox claimed its first fatality in January 2024. The bubonic plague also continues to reappear in clusters, most recently in rural Oregon in the USA in early 2024. Thus, the emergence of variants of these and other devastating ancient diseases continues to require diligence in establishing and delivery of public health measures and therapeutic options to ensure the plagues of former millennia remain in the history books and not in the community during the present and future generations.
Autopoiesis y sociopoiesis: desafíos de incorporar su aporte al cambio organizacional en la empresa
Authors: Jiménez Figueroa Andrés
Published: April 2024

Se examinan los desafíos de incorporar los principios de la autopoiesis y la sociopoiesis en la perspectiva del análisis organizacional y su impacto sobre los procesos de cambio organizacional. Como contribución a su discusión, se revisan aquí los principales antecedentes conceptuales y teóricos a partir de un enfoque que considera a las organizaciones como sistemas adaptativos complejos. Se plantea que aunque es un tópico que requiere más desarrollo investigativo, los modelos tradicionales de administración no logran responder a entornos cada vez más dinámicos, globales, impredecibles y no lineales. Se analizan los elementos aportativos, así como las implicancias prácticas de esta nueva perspectiva que considera el aprendizaje, la creatividad, la capacidad de adaptación y procesos emergentes en la complejidad como uno sus principales fundamentos.
La Jurisdicción Internacional frente al Nuevo Derecho Internacional como medio de solución de las Controversias y su implicancia Constitucional comparada
Authors: Álvarez Soza Daniel Rigoberto
Published: April 2024

De las controversias provenientes de ilegalidades o arbitrariedades relativas a las norma del derecho internacional, es posible encontrarnos con situaciones que han dado objeto a su estudio en estas últimas décadas por parte de la doctrina. Así, tenemos aquellas cometidas específicamente entre Estados como así mismo las verificadas por agentes del Estado en contra de la población y ciudadanos extranjeros e incluso en una moderna interpretación también en contra de Estados extranjeros, cuya promoción es el fortalecimiento de la paz internacional, teniendo como fundamental importancia a la persona humana, hoy considerado un protagonista en su calidad de sujeto de derecho internacional. Importancia que se ha visto vigorizada, entre otros aspectos, por la trashumancia inmigratoria impulsada por la concurrencia de factores de implicancia económica, política y de índole humanitaria. Es en razón de ello, que se ha producido en la actualidad una coincidencia entre el derecho internacional tanto público como privado, en donde el primero busca afianzar y asegurar la paz entre Estados y ciertamente de quienes lo integran, asumiendo acá un rol significativo instituciones propias del derecho internacional privado en cuanto a la observancia de instituciones propias de él,  tales como el estatuto personal, el estatuto patrimonial, el cumplimiento y observancia de resoluciones provenientes de tribunales extranjeros además de las normas de solución en materia de conflictos de leyes atributivas de calificación y respeto de los derechos adquiridos.
Repercusiones socioeconómicas producto de la ley de protección al empleo en los trabajadores de grandes empresas chilenas
Authors: Blanco Alfaro Cristian , Arias Valenzuela Yordan
Published: April 2024

Ante la eventualidad de la pandemia denominada COVID-19 que azotó al mundo entero y al país en particular, surgieron varias consecuencias tanto a nivel mundial como nacional; una de ellas fue el gran aumento en la tasa de desempleo. Como medida remedial ante esta situación y con el fin de lograr un cese al aumento de esta tasa, se implementó a nivel nacional la Ley 21.227 (Ley de Protección al Empleo), la que tenía por objetivo proteger las fuentes laborales en empresas que se vieran afectadas por la emergencia sanitaria producto de la pandemia por COVID-19, afectando no sólo a las organizaciones sino también a sus trabajadores, viéndose inmiscuidas en este proceso no sólo las pequeñas y medianas empresas, sino también aquellos grandes conglomerados presentes en el país. De allí la génesis de este estudio, cuyo objetivo principal es analizar los efectos de la Ley de Protección al Empleo en los trabajadores que laboraran en los grandes conglomerados chilenos. La metodología de la investigación utilizada se enmarcó en este caso, bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño fenomenológico, de paradigma interpretativo y con un alcance transversal. La técnica de investigación a utilizar se basó en el análisis documental y contó con un plan de análisis de establecimiento de categorías, saturación de categorías, apoyo código en vivo, análisis por categoría y la conclusión diagnóstica.
Desarrollo y Fiabilidad de un Cuestionario para Evaluar Liderazgo Dinámico en Administración
Authors: Alfaro Guerra Marco Antonio , Arancibia González Alejandra Patricia , Álvarez Cortés Manuel Andrés , González Aravena Bárbara Gabriela , Henríquez Contreras Laura Lucía
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo consiste en la creación de un instrumento que evalúa las capacidades de liderazgo dinámico en enfermeros que se desempeñan como jefes en un Servicio o Unidad y que tienen personal a cargo. El instrumento se basa en la Teoría General de Administración sistematizada por el Psiquiatra y Psicoanalista de Otto Kernberg, la que a su vez está basada en la teoría general de sistemas. El instrumento confeccionado, es el Inventario de Liderazgo Dinámico en Administración (ILDA), el que se divide en tres constructos o dimensiones, los cuales son: Funciones de liderazgo, Aspectos de la personalidad del líder y estructura organizacional. El cual se aplicó a 33 enfermeras/os jefes que tenían personal a su cargo, en distintos establecimientos e instituciones tanto del área intrahospitalaria como del área Comunitaria, dentro de la cuarta región. El ILDA arrojó datos que se dividieron por constructo o dimensión, dando como resultado una escala de frecuencias en la que se determina si el sujeto posee o no las capacidades para ejercer eficazmente el liderazgo en el sistema que lidera. Esto último, se determinó a partir de los promedios obtenidos en cada dimensión, siendo los puntajes sobre la media, indicadores de presencia de capacidades de liderazgo, mientras que los puntajes bajo la media son indicadores de ausencia de capacidades de liderazgo en la dimensión evaluada. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en cada dimensión, es decir, si posee o no capacidades de liderazgo, se define el tipo de líder (A, B o C) clasificándolos como liderazgo óptimo, regular o deficiente. La fiabilidad del ILDA, arrojó un alfa de Cronbach de 0,88 lo que indica una alta confiabilidad.
Análisis del financiamiento y patentación a las investigaciones de las universidades chilenas
Authors: Ortiz Breitler Marcelo
Published: April 2024

La pandemia COVID 19 recordó la relevancia de investigar para predecir y anticipar, tema mundial que fue abordado por la CEPAL2, donde se destaca la importancia de la investigación y su aporte a la ciencia, tecnología e innovación en tiempos de crisis y cómo se debe acercar a los sectores productivos (Bárcena, 2020).
Vólvulo gástrico. Reporte de caso
Authors: Ángel-Barrios Jorge Armando , Díaz-Castillo José Alejandro , Padilla-Herrera Cristina Judith
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Introducción. El vólvulo gástrico es una patología poco común descrita como una emergencia quirúrgica con tasas de mortalidad de hasta el 50%, por lo que su sospecha clínica debe confirmarse con imágenes contrastadas, las cuales deben realizarse de manera oportuna y son de gran utilidad para plantear un abordaje terapéutico basado en la estabilidad clínica del paciente, sus comorbilidades y el eje del estómago rotado (volvulado). Esta patología puede abordarse mediante tratamiento quirúrgico y no quirúrgico.
Presentación del caso. Hombre de 43 años de edad quien durante los 2 últimos años presentó disfagia y epigastralgia, predominantemente postprandial, las cuales se exacerbaron una semana antes de su ingreso a urgencias. Se realizó endoscopia de vías digestivas altas que permitió establecer diagnóstico de estómago en reloj de arena y radiografía de vías digestivas altas que evidenció vólvulo gástrico mesenterioaxial. El paciente fue sometido a una laparotomía exploratoria en la cual se realizó la corrección del vólvulo gástrico. El procedimiento fue exitoso y el paciente tuvo una recuperación adecuada y sin complicaciones.
Conclusión. Considerando la alta mortalidad descrita en pacientes con vólvulo gástrico, se requiere un adecuado diagnóstico para evaluar el plan terapéutico y determinar si los pacientes son candidatos a manejo no quirúrgico (conservador) o quirúrgico. El procedimiento más realizado para esta patología es la gastropexia anterior por vía abierta, la cual fue realizada en el paciente del caso clínico reportado con resultados satisfactorios.
Evaluación y correlación de la calidad sanitaria y microbiológica del suero ácido derivado del queso doble crema
Authors: Torres Vargas Golda Meyer , Cepeda Fonseca Heley Estefany , Patiño Pacheco Diana Carolina
Published: April 2024

Objetivo Evaluar y establecer la correlación estadística de la calidad sanitaria y microbiológica del suero ácido.
Métodos Las muestras de suero fueron obtenidas de empresas lácteas en Belén, Boyacá, Colombia. Se realizaron auditorías de calidad y se determinaron recuentos microbiológicos que fueron analizados en gráficos de control de calidad para evaluar el cumplimiento y la variabilidad. Se establecieron análisis de correlación entre los resultados microbiológicos y los criterios de buenas prácticas de manufactura (BPM).
Resultados Los promedios de las variables microbiológicas en los momentos de evaluación evidenciaron incumplimiento de la norma en las empresas. El recuento de aerobios mesófilos y coliformes totales es diferente (p<0,05) antes y después del plan de mejoras. Los recuentos de coliformes termotolerantes, mohos y levaduras presentaron diferencias significativas en la prueba de Kruskal Wallis, pero no en el Test de Wilcoxon (p>0,05), esto indica que las UFC/mL son constantes en la línea de proceso. De acuerdo con el Invima, el porcentaje mínimo aprobatorio para el cumplimiento de las BPM es ≥60 %. En la primera auditoria, el 42 % de los criterios de BPM registraron conceptos desfavorables y el 67 % de las empresas obtuvieron un puntaje por encima del 60 % e inferior al 80 %. Se registraron correlaciones negativas al comparar los recuentos microbiológicos y el cumplimiento de los criterios de BPM. El criterio “aseguramiento y control de la calidad” obtuvo el mayor número de correlaciones negativas y deja ver un déficit en la eficacia y verificación de las BPM.
Conclusiones Los recuentos de microorganismos indicadores de calidad sanitaria en el lactosuero ácido tienden a prevalecer y aumentar debido a las falencias en el cumplimiento de las BPM y condicionan la calidad del suero para usos posteriores.
A saúde da mulher no climatério: assistência da equipe multiprofissional no contexto da atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Oliveira Jaciara Xavier , Rosa Randson Souza , Bomfim Eliane Santos , Gonçalves de Oliveira Bruno , Cruz Diego Pires , Pereira Viana Tatiana Barreto , Pereira Alves Jeorgia , Cardoso Berta Leni Costa , Kareny da Silva Jaine
Published: April 2024

Objetivo Conhecer e analisar as práticas assistenciais desenvolvidas pela equipe multiprofissional de saúde em prol da mulher no climatério, bem como verificar o conheci- mento dos profissionais acerca dessa fase.
Método O instrumento utilizado foi entrevista semi estruturada. A amostra foi constituída por 15 profissionais de saúde, e a coleta de dados ocorreu no período de maio a junho de 2013, em três ESF do município de Guanambi-BA e para analise de dados utilizou-se o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC).
Resultados O estudo revelou uma prática assistencial curativista, reforçando o modelo biomédico cuja conduta terapêutica associava-se ao tratamento médico, visto por muitos profissionais como a solução para as mulheres que vivenciam essa fase e só são assistidas quando referem sintomas do climatério.
Conclusão Esse estudo poderá servir de base reflexiva para a realização de novas pesquisas no contexto da atenção primária à saúde com perspectivas de novas estratégias educacionais e de educação permanente destinada às mulheres, através de saberes individuais, coletivos, e capacitação dos profissionais de saúde, que atuam diretamente com esse público para se pensar em um momento na agenda da ESF focalizando na atenção à mulher climatérica.
(Re) pensando a formação profissional em saúde diante da transição epidemiológica
Authors: Rosa Randson Souza , De Souza Dieslley Amorim , De Oliveira Boery Rita Narriman Silva , Alves Vilela Alba Benemérita , Filho Ismar Eduardo Martins , Alves Nery Adriana , Boery Eduardo Nagib
Published: April 2024

Objetivos Discutir a formação do profissional em saúde frente à transição epidemiológica.
Método Trata-se de uma reflexão teórica realizada por meio de publicações entre o período de 1997 à 2015. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF, Index Psicologia, utilizando os descritores cadastrados no DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde) “Transição Epidemiológica” e “Rede de Assistência”; “Perfil Epidemioló-gico” e “Formação Profissional” com interrelação do operador booleano and.
Resultado A partir dos descritores selecionados encontrou-se 6 artigos, sendo 5 com os descritores “Transição Epidemiológica” e “Rede de assistência” e 1 “Perfil Epidemio- lógico” e “Formação profissional”.
Conclusão Os setores saúde e educação devem atuar de forma sinérgica buscando a formação profissional voltada para o atual cenário da saúde, garantindo assistência integral a população e promovendo o envelhecimento saudável.
Tendencia de la infección respiratoria aguda y COVID-19 en estudiantes y docentes de Bogotá
Authors: Mora Salamanca Andrés Felipe , Colonia Carol B. , Camerano Ruiz Rosanna , Vásquez Rodríguez Ana B. , Pino Gutiérrez Camilo A. , García Quintero Deidamia , Ruiz Jennifer , Osejo Villamil Iván , De la Hoz-Restrepo Fernando
Published: April 2024

Objetivo Describir la tendencia epidemiológica de los casos de covid-19 en la comunidad educativa de las instituciones educativas públicas durante la aplicación de la cuarentena (marzo-noviembre 2020) en Bogotá, Colombia.
Métodos Estudio descriptivo de los datos de vigilancia epidemiológica de la infección respiratoria aguda (IRA) y la covid-19 en estudiantes y profesores del sector oficial de Bogotá. Los datos se recolectaron entre el 21 de marzo y el 20 de noviembre del 2020, mediante un cuestionario que incluyó preguntas de carácter sociodemográfico, clínico y epidemiológico.
Resultados Se reportaron 5 252 casos (incidencia: 660,64 x 100 000 estudiantes), y 834 casos (incidencia: 2 354,93 x 100 000 docentes) de IRA en los estudiantes y los docentes, respectivamente. El grupo de edad con más casos entre los estudiantes fue el de 6 a 11 años (45,1%). En los docentes fue de 30 a 39 años (35,9%). Del 21 de julio al 20 de agosto se observó un pico de casos de IRA en toda la comunidad educativa.
Conclusión La comunidad educativa de Bogotá presentó menores incidencias acumuladas que la población general durante la cuarentena. Teniendo en cuenta el contexto actual de la pandemia y la aplicación de medidas para contrarrestarla, se debe realizar un exhaustivo análisis riesgo/beneficio antes de proponer una cuarentena que incluya el cierre de los colegios.
Vozes que ecoam ancestralidade e resistências em coletâneas de autoria feminina negra contemporânea
Authors: Silva Cibele Verrangia Correa da
Published: April 2024

Este artigo pretende construir um diálogo estético, político e cultural entre duas obras da literatura negra de autoria feminina produzida no Brasil, num gênero bastante interessante que é a coletânea, em que se observa uma pulverização de vozes em torno de escritas feitas em escrevivência e encontros ancestrais. Os livros escolhidos são: Coletânea de Literatura Feminina Negra Louva Deusas (2012) e De Zacimbas a Suelys: Coletânea Afro-Tons de Expressões Artísticas de Mulheres Negras no Espírito Santo (2017). Acompanhando as circulações tanto das obras quanto das artistas, fomos percebendo que estas publicações figuraram como possibilidade de apresentar e divulgar novas escritoras, mas também vimos surgir experiências de emancipação subjetiva e econômica, num devir que é artístico e de enfrentamento a uma realidade de opressão e violências, na ressignificação de espaços, produzindo compartilhamentos em vozes múltiplas e contatos de fortalecimento de ancestralidade.
Pensar o mundo na encruzilhada
Authors: Weiss Raquel Andrade , Bueno Winnie de Campos
Published: April 2024

Este artigo propõe-se como ensaio-performance, uma escrita que resulta do diálogo sobre a presença/ausência de mulheres negras na teoria social. Partimos de um diagnóstico de algumas posições-chave sobre como a teoria social tem lidado com as demandas identitárias e propomos uma discussão centrada na ideia de interseccionalidade como ponto de estofo para pensar a questão. Para tanto, apontamos a importância de recuperar o sentido crítico da ideia de interseccionalidade como expressão intelectual da experiência de mulheres negras, que enunciaram essa ideia mesmo sem nomear o termo. Ao final, deslocamos a ideia de interseccionalidade para a ideia de encruzilhada e oferecemos algumas contribuições sobre o sentido e a possibilidade da presença de mulheres negras na teoria social.
Autoimmune disorders associated with type 1 diabetes: clinical overview and principles of management
Authors: Sobolewska Joanna , Żak Zuzanna , Działach Łukasz , Witek Przemysław
Published: April 2024

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease in which patients with a genetic predisposition develop antibodies against pancreatic islet β-cells under certain conditions, resulting in the loss of insulin production. Genetic, infective, dietary, and humoral factors are potential predictors associated with the risk of β-cell destruction. The coexistence of another autoimmune disease can be found in up to 29% of patients with type 1 diabetes. The most common disorders are autoimmune thyroid disease, coeliac disease, autoimmune gastritis, pernicious anaemia, and vitiligo. Other conditions that can coexist with type 1 diabetes are rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, alopecia, and psoriasis. This coexistence is often present in autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes. The likelihood of developing an autoimmune disease increases with age, and it is higher in the female population. Concomitant autoimmune diseases can negatively affect the patient’s quality of life and metabolic control of diabetes, potentially increasing the risk of micro- or macrovascular complications and the frequency of hypoglycaemic episodes. Determining organ-specific antibodies is useful in the active search for autoimmune diseases in type 1 diabetes patients to identify individuals at increased risk for the disease. This article aims to summarise the most recent research on type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmune disorders, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment principles.
Pharmacotherapy for overweight and obesity: past and current clinical practice, available medications and possible applications
Authors: Wiszniewski Piotr Stanisław , Wiszniewska Małgorzata , Pernal Gabriela
Published: April 2024

Overweight and obesity are a global pandemic that continues to escalate year by year. Also in Poland, there is a steady increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity cases among both adults and children. The most effective methods for treating these conditions include improved dietary habits and increased physical activity. Pharmacotherapy is another treatment option. Psychological care is also proven to be effective. It is important to note that in Polish primary health care settings, practitioners are unable to prescribe free dietary consultations for patients. Due to limited visit time, it can be challenging to monitor whether patients have implemented the required lifestyle changes. Primary medical care is often the first point of entry for overweight and obese patients seeking treatment. Consequently, pharmacotherapy has become a crucial aspect of overweight and obesity treatment. In recent decades, many appetite-suppressing medications have been withdrawn from the market because of serious side effects. On the other hand, new medications have been approved for sale in recent years or even months. All indications are that the trend will continue. This article includes a description of both historically used and currently approved overweight and obesity medications, both in the European Union and in the USA. For each medication, the mechanism of action, efficacy, and potential adverse effects are described.
Resistome analysis of Escherichia coli isolates from layers in Hungary
Authors: Kerek Ádám , Szabó Ábel , Bányai Krisztián , Kaszab Eszter , Bali Krisztina , Papp Márton , Kovács László , Jerzsele Ákos
Published: April 2024

The authors aimed to investigate eight strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains from Hungarian layer flocks for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG), using metagenomic methods. The strains were isolated from cloacal swabs of healthy adult layers. This study employed shotgun sequencing-based genetic and bioinformatic analysis along with determining phenotypic minimum inhibitory concentrations. A total of 59 ARGs were identified in the eight E. coli isolates, carrying ARGs against 15 groups of antibiotics. Among these, 28 ARGs were identified as transferable. Specifically, four ARGs were plasmid-derived, 18 ARGs were phage-derived and an additional six ARGs were predicted to be mobile, contributing to their mobility and potential spread between bacteria.
A pilot study of the effect of group-administered psilocybin on psychological flexibility and outcomes
Authors: Pilecki Brian , Luoma Jason , Lear Kati M.
Published: April 2024

Psychological flexibility has been proposed as a core process of change when psychedelics are used for therapeutic purposes, but to date empirical outcomes have only documented changes on the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), a very general measure of psychological flexibility. This pilot study measured outcomes from psilocybin administered in a retreat setting across a range of measures assessing aspects of psychological flexibility. Nine participants attended a 7-day psilocybin retreat and completed measures at baseline, 2-, and 6-month follow up. Participants demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive defusion (Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire), valued living (Valuing Questionnaire), and Self-Compassion (Self-Compassion Scale), as well as a trend towards increased overall psychological flexibility (AAQ). Other outcome and process measures included measures related to acute effects of the psilocybin, belief in oneness, social safeness, mental health, burnout and emotion expressivity. These results offer preliminary evidence that therapeutic benefits obtained from psilocybin experiences may be linked to changes in psychological flexibility.
Ancient Fish Sauce in a Modern World
Authors: Grainger Sally
Published: April 2024

This article considers the tradition of making fish sauce in the Mediterranean today and look particularly at those sauces which either claim a link to the ancient past or which we associate with ancient Roman sauces: namely Colatura di alici from the Bay of Naples and pissalate from the south of France, particularly that made in Antibes and Nice. I will also take a look at a Japanese squid viscera sauce called ishiri which has some similarity to the black and bloody ancient garum. I have been researching ancient fish sauces over many years and I am particularly concerned with the precise nature and texture of these products: how they might appear in use in the kitchen and at table; how this might be different from their appearance in transit in amphorae; and, crucially, how they appear in production. This knowledge will allow archaeologists to recognize the residues of the sauces in the archaeological record, which in turn will hopefully allow a greater understanding of the economic system behind their trade.
MACHINE LEARNING FOR AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF WATER BODIES USING SENTINEL-2 IMAGERY
Authors: Kashtan V. Yu. , Hnatushenko V. V.
Published: April 2024

Context. Given the aggravation of environmental and water problems, there is a need to improve automated methods for extracting and monitoring water bodies in urban ecosystems. The problem of efficient and automated extraction of water bodies is becoming relevant given the large amount of data obtained from satellite systems. The object of study is water bodies that are automatically extracted from Sentinel-2 optical satellite images using machine learning methods.

Objective. The goal of the work is to improve the efficiency of the process of extracting the boundaries of water bodies on digital optical satellite images by using machine learning methods.

Method. The paper proposes an automated information technology for delineating the boundaries of water bodies on Sentinel-2 digital optical satellite images. The process includes eight stages, starting with data download and using topographic maps to obtain basic information about the study area. Then, the process involved data pre-processing, which included calibrating the images, removing atmospheric noise, and enhancing contrast. Next, the EfficientNet-B0 architecture is applied to identify water features, facilitating optimal network width scaling, depth, and image resolution. ResNet blocks compress and expand channels. It allows for optimal connectivity of large-scale and multi-channel links across layers. After that, the Regional Proposal Network defines regions of interest (ROI), and ROI alignment ensures data homogeneity. The Fully connected layer helps in segmenting the regions, and the Fully connected network creates binary masks for accurate identification of water bodies. The final step of the method is to analyze spatial and temporal changes in the images to identify differences, changes, and trends that may indicate specific phenomena or events. This approach allows automating and accurately identifying water features on satellite images using machine learning.

Results. The implementation of the proposed technology is development through Python software development. An assessment of the technology’s accuracy, conducted through a comparative analysis with existing methods, such as water indices and K-means, confirms a high level of accuracy in the period from 2017 to 2023 (up to 98%). The Kappa coefficient, which considers the degree of consistency between the actual and predicted classification, confirms the stability and reliability of our approach, reaching a value of 0.96.

Conclusions. The experiments confirm the effectiveness of the proposed automated information technology and allow us to recommend it for use in studies of changes in coastal areas, decision-making in the field of coastal resource management, and land use. Prospects for further research may include new methods that seasonal changes and provide robustness in the selection and mapping of water surfaces.
REALIZATION OF THE DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR TWITTER USERS’ PUBLICATIONS ANALYSIS
Authors: Batiuk T. , Dosyn D.
Published: April 2024

Context. The paper emphasizes the need for a decision-making system that can analyze users’ messages and determine the sentiment to understand how news and events impact people’s emotions. Such a system would employ advanced techniques to analyze users’ messages, delving into the sentiment expressed within the text. The primary goal is to gain insights into how news and various events reverberate through people’s emotions.

Objective. The objective is to create a decision-making system that can analyze and determine the sentiment of user messages, understand the emotional response to news and events, and distribute the data into clusters to gain a broader understanding of users’ opinions. This multifaceted objective involves the integration of advanced techniques in natural language processing and machine learning to build a robust decision-making system. The primary goals are sentiment analysis, comprehension of emotional responses to news and events, and data clustering for a holistic view of user opinions.

Method. The use of long-short-term memory neural networks for sentiment analysis and the k-means algorithm for data clustering is proposed for processing large volumes of user data. This strategic combination aims to tackle the challenges posed by processing large volumes of user-generated data in a more nuanced and insightful manner.

Results. The study and conceptual design of the decision-making system have been completed and the decision-making system was created. The system incorporates sentiment analysis and data clustering to understand users’ opinions and the sentiment value of such opinions dividing them into clusters and visualizing the findings.

Conclusions. The conclusion is that the development of a decision-making system capable of analyzing user sentiment and clustering data can provide valuable insights into users’ reactions to news and events in social networks. The proposed use of longshort-term memory neural networks and the k-means algorithm is considered suitable for sentiment analysis and data clustering tasks. The importance of studying existing works and systems to understand available algorithms and their applications is emphasized. The article also describes created and implemented a decision-making system and demonstrated the functionality of the system using a sample dataset.
THE DESIGN OF THE PIPELINED RISC-V PROCESSOR WITH THE HARDWARE COPROCESSOR OF DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Authors: Vavruk Y. Y. , Makhrov V. V. , Hedeon H. O.
Published: April 2024

Context. The digital signal processing is applied in many fields of science, technology and human activity. One of the ways of implementing algorithms of digital signal processing is the development of coprocessors as an integral part of well-known architectures.

In the case of developing a pipelined device, the presented approach will allow to use software and hardware tools of the appropriate architecture, provide the faster execution of signal processing algorithms, reduce the number of cycles and memory accesses.

Objective. Objectives are design and characterization study of a pipelined RISC-V processor and coprocessor of digital signal processing which performs fast Fourier transform.

Method. Analyzing technical literature and existing decisions allow to assess advantages and disadvantages of modern developments and on the basis of which to form the relevance of the selected topic. Model designing and simulation results allow to examine a model efficiency, to determine weak components’ parts and to improve model parameters.

Results. The pipelined RISC-V processor has been designed which executes a basic set of instructions. Execution time of assembly program on the single-cycled and the pipelined processors have been analyzed. According to the results, the test program on the pipelined processor is executed in 29 cycles, while on the single-cycle processor it takes 60 cycles. The structure of the coprocessor for the fast Fourier transform algorithm and a set of processor instructions that allow working with the coprocessor have been developed. The number of cycles of the coprocessor based on Radix-2 fast Fourier transform algorithm for 512 points is 2358 cycles, and for 1024 points is 5180 cycles.

Conclusions. Conducted researches and calculations have showed that the application of the developed hardware coprocessor reduces the fast Fourier transform algorithm execution time and the load of the pipelined processor during calculations.
PROACTIVE HORIZONTAL SCALING METHOD FOR KUBERNETES
Authors: Rolik O. I. , Omelchenko V. V.
Published: April 2024

Context. The problem of minimizing redundant resource reservation while maintaining QoS at an agreed level is crucial for modern information systems. Modern information systems can include a large number of applications, each of which uses computing resources and has its own unique features, which require a high level of automation to increase the efficiency of computing resource management processes.

Objective. The purpose of this paper is to ensure the quality of IT services at an agreed level in the face of significant dynamics of user requests by developing and using a method of proactive automatic application scaling in Kubernetes.

Method. This paper proposes a proactive horizontal scaling method based on the Prophet time series prediction algorithm. Prometheus metrics storage is used as a data source for training and validating forecasting models. Based on the historical metrics, a model is trained to predict the future utilization of computation resources using Prophet. The obtained time series is validated and used to calculate the required number of application replicas, considering deployment delays.

Results. The experiments have shown the effectiveness of the proposed proactive automated application scaling method in comparison with existing solutions based on the reactive approach in the selected scenarios. This method made it possible to reduce the reservation of computing resources by 47% without loss of service quality compared to the configuration without scaling.

Conclusions. A method for automating the horizontal scaling of applications in Kubernetes is proposed. Although the experiments have shown the effectiveness of this solution, this method can be significantly improved. In particular, it is necessary to consider the possibility of integrating a reactive component for atypical load patterns.
RESEARCH OF THE FEATURES OF DIGITAL SIGNAL FORMATION IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION LINES
Authors: Мagro V. І. , Panfilov O. G.
Published: April 2024

Context. Remote sensing of the Earth is now widely used in various fields. One of the challenges of remote sensing is the creation of inexpensive satellite systems operating in polar circular orbits. These systems require the development of a receptiontransmission system that allows tens of gigabits of video information to be transmitted to an earth receiving station within ten minutes. That is, there is a need to create a communication system that provides high speed data transmission from small satellites weighing up to 50 kg.

Objective. The aim of the work is to study the features of digital signal formation in modern satellite communication lines and to develop a communication system with a high data transfer rate (usually 300 Mbit/s), which can be applied to small Earth Observation satellites.

Method. Proposed concept for building a high-speed data transmitter from a remote sensing earth satellite using commercially available off-the-shelf technology. Calculations of the power flow density created at the input of the receiving earth station were performed to find out the possible power of the on-board transmitter.

Results. A diagram of a communication system based on the DVB-S standard using the technology of commercially available off-the-shelf products has been developed. The high-speed data transmitter is implemented on a Xilinx® Zynq Ultrascale+ ™ MPSoC FPGA microchip, which is located on an Enclustra Mercury XU8 module with a high-performance dual 16-bit AD9174 DAC. The on-board transmitter with a power of up to 2 W meets the requirements of the ITU Radio Regulations for the power flux density on the surface of the Earth, which is created by the radiation of the space station EESS in the range 8025–8400 MHz. It is shown that the energy reserve of the communication line of 3 dB is achieved for various commands for coding and modulation changes with an increase in the elevation angle, which allows to increase the speed of information transmission.

Conclusions. An original receiving-transmitting system was developed for use in small satellites for remote sensing of the Earth. It is shown that the function of adaptive modeling of ACM of the DVB-S standard allows you to automatically change the transmission parameters in real time depending on the changing conditions of the channel, providing opportunities for more flexible and effective data transmission in various conditions, which will allow to increase the volumes of information transmitted by communication session. The proposed system operates in the X-band and is built using commercially available off-the-shelf products. An antenna with double circular polarization is used as the emitter. Two physical channels represent two polarization modes: right circular polarization and left circular polarization, each of which has three frequency channels.
DECISION-MAKING MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN TRANSPORT DELIVERY OF BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors: Bashkatov A. M. , Yuldashova O. A.
Published: April 2024

Context. The task of determining a generalized parameter characterizing a comprehensive assessment of the action of criteria affecting the sequence of execution of orders for the manufacture and delivery of products to the customer.

Objective. The purpose of the work is to develop an algorithm for calculating priorities when solving the problem of transport services in conditions of uncertainty of choice.

Method. When considering the problem of the efficiency of order fulfillment, the reasons are given that affect the efficiency of the tasks being solved for the delivery of paving slabs to the customer in the shortest possible time. In order to select a scheme that reflects the main stages of decision-making, a justification was carried out and a comparative analysis of existing models was carried out. The criteria for the requirements for describing such models have been determined. It is indicated that the objective function depends on a group of reasons, i.e. represents a composite indicator. The stochastic nature of such factors led to the use of statistical analysis methods for their assessment. The limits of variation of the parameters used in the calculations are established. The solution to the multicriteria problem consists in bringing the role of the acting factors to one unconditional indicator, grouping and subsequent ranking of their values. The decision-making and the choice of the indicator will depend on the set threshold and the priority level of the factor. The indices that form the priority of the factor are determined analytically or expertly. The sequence of actions performed is presented in the form of an algorithm, which allows automating the selection of a model and the calculation of indicators. To assess the adequacy of the proposed solutions, tables of comparative results for the selection of the priority of the executed orders are given.

Results. The method allows a comprehensive approach to taking into account the heterogeneous factors that determine the order in which the order is selected when making managerial decisions, ensuring the achievement of a useful effect (streamlining the schedule for the delivery of paving slabs to the customer) by ranking the values of priority indices.

Conclusions. The proposed scheme for the transition to a complex unconditional indicator (priority index) makes it possible to quantitatively substantiate the procedure for choosing the next order when performing work. A special feature is that the list of operating factors can be changed (reduced or supplemented with new criteria). The values of these parameters will improve and have a higher reliability with the expansion of the experimental design, depending on the retrospective of their receipt, the accuracy of the data. As a prospect of the proposed method, the optimization of the process of selecting applications using queuing methods (for the type of the corresponding flow – homogeneous, without consequences, stationary, gamma flow, etc.) can be considered.