bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pleurotus cultivation: a sustainable way to utilize agrowaste
Authors: SELVAANANTHI A. , ALPHONSE Arockia Jenecius
Published: April 2022

In the present study two species of Pleurotus namely Pleurotus florida (Mont.) Singer and Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. were cultivated using three different agro waste substrates such as paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse, banana leaves and its mixture in equal proportion. The fastest colonization and maximum numbers of heads were produced on paddy straw substrate. Banana leaves and paddy straw substrates reported the highest yield of mushroom fruitbodies, biological efficiency and biomass loss in P. florida and P. ostreatus. It was noticed that the growth and development of fruitbodies on sugarcane bagasse was minimum and development of competitor moulds was observed on it. In the selected substrates banana leaves posses the highest percentage of nitrogen, carbon and cellulose. The results showed the possibility of utilizing different agrowaste for cultivation of oyster mushroom, which will boost the income of farmers.
Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from root rhizosphere to supplement biofertilizer
Authors: NGUYEN Thi Thuy , LUU The Anh , DO Quang Trung
Published: April 2022

In soil, a large amount of supplemented phosphorus (P) are immediately transferred into insoluble forms and only 0.1 % of them is available for plant uptake. Therefore, exploring naturally occurring phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms is an essential activity to exploit them in reducing mineral phosphorus added to agricultural soils. In this study, we screened and isolated 7 bacteria that solubilized phosphate at different phosphate solubilization indexes, ranging from 4.2 to 226.1. Of them, the most efficient isolate is PSB31, which solubilized tri calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2 at a rate of 962 mg l-1 and molecularly identified as Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) strain IMAU61039. This bacterial strain generated the low supernatant pH and the phosphatase, which are involved in the phosphorus solubilization mechanism. Furthermore, greenhouse experiments showed that tomato seedlings grown in PSB31-inoculated soil contained higher P amount and had much higher biomass than those plants grown in soil without PSB31 addition. These results suggest that the PSB31 strain has potential use as a biofertilizer.
Frost hardiness of flower buds of three Hungarian almond cultivars during dormancy
Authors: SZALAY László , KELETA Belay Teweldemedhin , BAKOS József László , BÉKEFI Zsuzsanna
Published: April 2022

Frost hardiness of flower buds of three Hungarian almond cultivars (‘Tétényi Bőtermő’, ‘Tétényi Kedvenc’, ‘Tétényi Keményhéjú’) was investigated by artificial freezing tests during ten dormancy periods. LT50 values were calculated after artificial freezing treatments on different temperatures. Based on the results of regular observations, the frost hardiness profile of three cultivars has been described in each dormancy period. Frost tolerance was significantly affected by year and genotype. The potential frost tolerance of cultivars in our geographical location, in the middle of Hungary, has been characterised by LT50 values in January 2017, as the best values of them. Flower buds of ‘Tétényi Keményhéjú’ were the most frost hardy, its LT50 in this sampling date was -20.5 °C, ‘Tétényi Bőtermő’ was the most sensitive (LT50: -17.6 °C), while ‘Tétényi Kedvenc’ showed intermediate frost hardy (LT50: -19.1 °C). Nevertheless, in mild winters the cultivars were unable to reach their genetically potential maximum frost hardiness. Hungary is situated at the northern part of almond growing area, so frost tolerance of flower buds is one of the most important traits of cultivars. Based on the results of artificial freezing tests the best cultivars can be selected from the aspect of crop safety.
Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) as economically important pests and the possibility of using entomopathogenic fungi for their control
Authors: PRAPROTNIK Eva , RAZINGER Jaka , TRDAN Stanislav
Published: April 2022

Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are a cosmopolitan group of beetles found on all continents except Antarctica. Because of their size, vibrant colors, and above all their role in the ecosystem, they are one of the most recognizable and studied taxons of beetles. Most larvae and adult beetles of species belonging to subfamilies Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae feed on plant organs such as roots, leaves, flowers and young fruits and are thus considered to be species of economic importance. In this article we describe some of the most economically important species of scarabs, including their most common host plants. Because the use of chemical insecticides to control scarabs is often limited, the implementation of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents is an appropriate alternative based on the rational use of microorganisms to maintain an environmentally balanced level of the pest population. Representatives of the genera Beauveria and Metarhizium are the most commonly used entomopathogenic fungi to control larvae (white grubs) of scarab beetles. Biological control by entomopathogenic fungi has shown to be effective in some cases, however host range is often species-specific. Therefore, in order to effectively use the entomopathogens against scarab beetles, one needs to identify target species in grub-infested area and consequently select strains that are capable of overcoming the host’s defences.
Antecedents of Turnover Intention on the Manufacturing Industry in Banten Province
Authors: Sari Salsabila Rizky Septinia , Nilasari B. Medina
Published: April 2022

The objective of the empirical study is to analyse the effect of HRM Practices, Work Family Conflict, Supervisor Support on Turnover Intention mediated by Work Engagement. The data used in this study is primary data taken through by distributing questionnaires using purposive sampling method involving 195 respondents in the manufacturing industry in Banten province, Indonesia. The analytical tools in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS version 21. The results of this study are the HRM Practices, Work Family Conflict, Supervisor Support have an influence on Work Engagement and also on Turnover Intention. In the next result, Work Engagement can mediate the effect of HRM Practices on Turnover Intention, Work Family Conflict on Turnover Intention, and Supervisor Support on Turnover Intention. From the results of this study, it is recommended for managers to maintain a low employee turnover rate by increasing employee engagement and encouraging employee growth, so as to achieve effective management performance supported by positive energy and emotional attachment to work.
Networking and Collaboration as an Influencer on Sustainability of Public Borehole Water Projects in Kitui County-Kenya
Authors: Musau Onesmus , Nyonje Raphael Ondeko , Mulwa Angeline
Published: April 2022

The study focuses on networking and collaboration on sustainability of public boreholes water projects. The following was the objective; to assess the extent to which learning from networking and collaboration influences the sustainability of public borehole water projects in Kitui County-Kenya. The study tested the null hypothesis to establish whether the association among the study variable was significant. The target population was 366234 project beneficiaries, 396 chairpersons and 8 undertakers. A sample was drawn from this population using a formula adding to 383 project beneficiaries, 167 chairpersons and 8 undertakers. With R2=0.267, r=0.811, F(2,506) =30.41 at p=0.000, the hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between capacity building initiatives and sustainability of public borehole water projects in Kitui County-Kenya is therefore rejected. The findings from the study are expected to create a strong basis for enhancing future public borehole water project planning, designing, implementation, and management and also provided vital information for national government, county government, NGO’s, project managers, local communities and project implementers which was  useful for initiating sustainable projects.
Akteur*innenzentrierte Spracherfahrungen und die Bedeutung von Kontext in fremdkultureller Kommunikation und Interaktion
Authors: Henkel Christina
Published: April 2022

Der vorliegende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den Erfahrungen und Wahrnehmungen deutscher Student*innen während ihres Auslandsaufenthaltes in China zum eigenen Spracherwerb, der Bedeutung von Sprache für sie und ihren Analysen zur Kommunikation sowie deren erlebter Grenzen. Aus der Perspektive der Akteur*innen besitzt Sprache eine multidimensionale Bedeutung für den Auslandsaufenthalt. Der Spracherwerb macht einen Großteil der Motivation für den Chinaaufenthalt aus. Dies führt zu Erwartungen, die im Laufe des Aufenthaltes überprüft und neu justiert werden müssen. Dabei werden den deutschen Student*innen Grenzen der Kommunikation bewusst, die über die reine Sprachkompetenz hinausgehen und auch nicht durch die Drittsprache Englisch aufgefangen werden können. Dazu wird das Verhältnis von Sprache und Kontext diskutiert. Das Konzept des Blickwinkels aus der Interkulturellen Germanistik (auch IKG) wird von den Akteur*innen als notwendiges Referentialsystem artikuliert. Es wird sichtbar gemacht, inwieweit Begriffe der Interkulturellen Germanistik zur Erklärung von Interaktion und der Verstehens- beziehungsweise Erwerbsprozesse von Interkultureller Kompetenz beitragen können. Gleichzeitig werden diese Begriffe als Deutungswerkzeuge der Akteur*innen aufgedeckt.
Thermodynamical Foundations of Closed Discrete Non-Equilibrium Systems
Authors: Muschik Wolfgang
Published: April 2022

Some tools of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of closed discrete systems are considered: the non-equilibrium state space, the non-equilibrium entropy as a state function and its connection with the entropy production, Clausius’ inequality, equilibrium and accompanying processes. Why can the thermostatic temperature be used successfully in thermal engineering even in cases of non-equilibrium?
Viral infections in stillbirth: a contribution underestimated in Mexico?
Authors: Herrera-Salazar Alma , Flores-Hernández Laura A. , Valdespino-Vázquez M.Y. , Fonseca-Coronado Salvador , Moreno-Verduzco Elsa Romelia
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To analyze the role of viral infections as etiology of stillbirths in Mexico and their epidemiological impact in the context of the global Every Newborn Initiative.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed in electronic databases related to stillbirth and viral infections published prior to January 19th 2021. Stillbirths records and causes from National Mexican databases, during 2008–2019 period were also computed.

Results

Only two articles with a direct relationship between viral infection and stillbirth were found, and one article with an indirect serological association was identified. During the analyzed period there were 198,076 stillbirths, with a National stillbirth rate (SBR) ranging from 6.9 to 6.5 between 2008 and 2014, with a subsequent increase to reach 7.7 in 2019. Only 19 cases were attributed to viral causes and a specific virus was identified in 11. The main causes of early stillbirth were a fetus with premature rupture of membranes and light for gestational age, and for late stillbirth these were fetus affected by oligohydramnios and slow fetal growth. The percentage classified as unspecified deaths varied from 34.4-41.9%.

Conclusions

In Mexico, there has been an increase in SBR during last years, but the goals of the Every Newborn Initiative is met. More than 14,500 stillbirths with at least 5,100 unspecified cases have been reported per year, and only 11 cases were attributable to a specific virus, highlighting the serious underestimation of cases and the need of implementation of routine viral diagnosis methods to improve the care of this global health problem.
On certain functional equation in prime rings
Authors: Fošner Maja , Marcen Benjamin , Vukman Joso
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper is to prove the following result. Let

R

R

be prime ring of characteristic different from two and three, and let

F
:
R
→
R

F:R\to R

be an additive mapping satisfying the relation

F

(

x

3

)

=
F

(

x

2

)

x
−
x
F

(

x

)

x
+
x
F

(

x

2

)

F\left({x}^{3})=F\left({x}^{2})x-xF\left(x)x+xF\left({x}^{2})

for all

x
∈
R

x\in R

. In this case,

F

F

is of the form

4
F

(

x

)

=
D

(

x

)

+
q
x
+
x
q

4F\left(x)=D\left(x)+qx+xq

for all

x
∈
R

x\in R

, where

D
:
R
→
R

D:R\to R

is a derivation, and

q

q

is some fixed element from the symmetric Martindale ring of quotients of

R

R

.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(4-(3,5-dimethoxystyryl)phenyl)-7-ethylheptanedioate, C25H30O6
Authors: Zhang Lilei , Hu Jiamin , Qiao Yumeng
Published: April 2022

C25H30O6, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 7.556(2) Å, b = 37.198(12) Å, c = 8.113(2) Å, V = 2280.2(11) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0610, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1634, T = 170 K.
Performance and kinetics of a fluidized bed anaerobic reactor treating distillery effluent
Authors: Apollo Seth , Aoyi Ochieng
Published: April 2022

The kinetic analysis of an anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor treating distillery effluent was carried out. Natural zeolite was used as biomass carrier at various organic loading rates and hydraulic retention times (HRT). The degradation followed first order kinetics and fitted Michaelis–Menten kinetic model for substrate utilization. The kinetic analysis showed that 9% of the TOC was nonbiodegradable which corresponds to about 14% COD. The non-biodegradable component was responsible for the dark-brown color of the distillery effluent and therefore there was a need for employing a post-treatment technology for their removal. Biomass yield was found to be 0.4658 g/g while endogenic microorganisms decay coefficient was 0.0293, which suggested that there was a need to install a sludge handling unit prior to post-treatment. The maximum micro-organisms’ growth rate was found to be 0.136 d−1 while the specific growth rate of the micro-organisms reduced with an increase in HRT at constant feed concentration. The specific substrate utilization rate was found to increase linearly with an increase in the ration of food to micro-organisms and the mean cell residence time was found to be at least 2.5 times the HRT due to application of zeolite as microbial support in the reactor.
Nonlinear mixed-effects models for HIV viral load trajectories before and after antiretroviral therapy interruption, incorporating left censoring
Authors: Gao Sihaoyu , Wu Lang , Yu Tingting , Kouyos Roger , Günthard Huldrych F. , Wang Rui
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Characterizing features of the viral rebound trajectories and identifying host, virological, and immunological factors that are predictive of the viral rebound trajectories are central to HIV cure research. We investigate if key features of HIV viral decay and CD4 trajectories during antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with characteristics of HIV viral rebound following ART interruption.

Methods

Nonlinear mixed effect (NLME) models are used to model viral load trajectories before and following ART interruption, incorporating left censoring due to lower detection limits of viral load assays. A stochastic approximation EM (SAEM) algorithm is used for parameter estimation and inference. To circumvent the computational intensity associated with maximizing the joint likelihood, we propose an easy-to-implement three-step method.

Results

We evaluate the performance of the proposed method through simulation studies and apply it to data from the Zurich Primary HIV Infection Study. We find that some key features of viral load during ART (e.g., viral decay rate) are significantly associated with important characteristics of viral rebound following ART interruption (e.g., viral set point).

Conclusions

The proposed three-step method works well. We have shown that key features of viral decay during ART may be associated with important features of viral rebound following ART interruption.
Experimental and numerical investigation on the effect of turboprop engine exhaust gas impingement on pusher aircraft
Authors: Vinay C. A. , Narayanappa Kumar Gottegere , Giridhara Babu Y.
Published: April 2022

Turboprop engines require an exhaust nozzle or stub to duct the engine exhaust flue gas outboard of the aircraft. The design of these exhaust stubs are dictated primarily by the aircraft’s configuration. In pusher aircraft, the exhaust stubs are designed to minimize the exposure of the flue gases from the engine exhaust on the propeller blades and fuselage. A fluid-thermal-structure coupling analysis is performed to understand the thermal effects of the engine exhaust jet flow on the thermo-mechanical behavior of pusher configured light transport aircraft propeller and structure. The steady thermal flow field of the aircraft with forward and reverse thrust, in which propeller blade angle variations were analyzed for different aircraft speed. The present work investigates a three-dimensional analysis of flow around the nacelle-airframe and the effect of exhaust flue gas impingement on the propeller blade surface. Based on the insights from the numerical results, the designed exhaust duct was integrated on the aircraft and carried out ground static and flight testing for various flight operating conditions in which propeller blade and fuselage surface temperature were measured. Numerical and experimental results are compared and validated for certain flight conditions and found satisfactory.
Preantral follicle population and distribution in the horse ovary
Authors: Hyde Kendall A , Aguiar Francisco L N , Alves Benner G , Alves Kele A , Gastal Gustavo D A , Gastal Melba O , Gastal Eduardo L
Published: April 2022

Characterization of the ovarian preantral follicle population is a necessary step to improve understanding of folliculogenesis and ovarian physiology. Therefore, in the present study, the preantral follicle population in the equine ovary in young and old mares was investigated according to follicular morphology, follicular class, distance from the geometric center using ovarian maps, and follicular density within ovarian portions (lateral vs intermediary) and regions (dorsal vs ventral). Ovaries were collected from an abattoir and histologically processed for evaluation, and the follicle population was calculated. Overall, in the current detailed study, a higher preantral follicle population per mare ovary (mean: 82,206 ± 50,022; range: 1477 to 773,091) than originally reported was identified. Additionally, a mare age effect was observed in the follicle population (young: 152,664 vs old: 11,750) and the spatial distribution of morphologically normal and abnormal follicles and the density and population of follicular classes. These results demonstrate that, in addition to the preantral follicle population in the mare ovary being comparable to that of other species, the location and spatial distribution of these follicles is dynamic and varies depending on mare age and follicle status (i.e. morphology and developmental stage). The characterization of the distribution and population of preantral follicles in the mare ovary provided by this study can potentially aid in improving reproductive studies and assisted reproductive techniques and may expand the understanding of mechanisms involving ovarian plasticity and follicular migration.

Lay summary

Knowledge of the distribution and population of immature eggs within follicles (preantral follicles) in the ovaries of mares can improve approaches to assisted reproductive techniques and fertility preservation. As the existing research on horse preantral follicle population was focused solely on large follicles, the present study provides an updated investigation of small and large preantral follicles in the mare, showing that the population is similar to those in other species. This study also shows that the way these follicles are distributed in the ovary varies depending on age and follicle characteristics. Results from this study may help to highlight which areas of the mare ovary should be looked at to find samples of good-quality follicles.
Factores que afectan el enraizamiento adventicio y brotación en estacas de Hyptis australis (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Ríos María Rita , Rocha Sandra Patricia , Niella Fernando , Keller Héctor Alejandro , Duarte Evelyn Raquel
Published: April 2022

Hyptis australis es una especie de la familia Lamiaceae, endémica del Bosque Atlántico, cuyo estado de conservación es crítico y se desconoce aún sus beneficios potenciales para el ecosistema y la sociedad. Con fines de rescate y conservación (ex situ/in situ), se plantea como necesidad, generar un protocolo de propagación vegetativa para facilitar y aumentar la disponibilidad de plantas. Con este objetivo, se estudiaron factores como el tipo de sustrato, tipo de estaca y hormona. Se utilizaron plantas de un año de edad, obtenidas de semillas cosechadas de las plantas ubicadas en la región sur de la provincia de Misiones (Argentina). Estacas apicales y subapicales fueron utilizadas en dos ensayos, en el primero se estudió la factibilidad de inducir raíces adventicias en los sustratos corteza de pino, arena y perlita. En el segundo ensayo, se evaluó la inducción de rizogénesis en estacas tratadas durante 30 minutos con una solución de 100 mg.kg -1 de ácido naftalenacetico (ANA) o ácido indolbutirico (AIB) en corteza de pino. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en el sustrato arena y en las estacas terminales. El ANA fue la hormona que generó mayor porcentaje de estacas apicales (80.00±14.14 %) y subapicales (84.00±16.73 %) con raíces. En las estacas subapicales el porcentaje de brotación fue mayor en ambos experimentos. La probabilidad de que una estaca de H. australis desarrolle raíces adventicia depende del tipo de sustrato, pero la adicción de ANA mejora notablemente el porcentaje de enraizamiento.
Diversidad de escarabajos coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) en tres zonas urbanizadas del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Sermeño-Correa Carlos , Lopera-Toro Alejandro , Moreno-Mancilla Oscar , Candamil-Baños Julián , Ramírez-Restrepo Lorena , Taboada Verona Carlos
Published: April 2022

En el presente trabajo se estudia la diversidad de escarabajos coprófagos en tres zonas urbanizadas del departamento de Sucre, Colombia, cada una con características ecológicas distintas. Los individuos fueron capturados con trampas de caída cebadas. Se analizaron el esfuerzo de muestreo, las curvas de rango-abundancia y los índices de diversidad alfa y beta. Se capturaron 710 individuos, agrupados en nueve géneros y 13 especies. El análisis de completitud arrojó valores por encima del 97%. El ensamble más diverso en cualquiera de los tres órdenes de “q” se encontró en la zona que alberga edificaciones, jardines y un parche de bosque de vegetación secundaria, seguido por una zona de pastizales, con pocas edificaciones; el ensamble de menor diversidad correspondió a la zona rodeada de edificaciones y con escasa cobertura vegetal. El índice de Sorensen-Dice arrojó una similitud total entre las tres zonas del 38%. Las curvas de rango-abundancia mostraron mayor equidad de especies en la zona más diversa. Los resultados indicaron que la composición del ensamble de escarabajos depende de las condiciones ambientales y el grado de urbanización. Así mismo, se evidenció que algunas especies pueden tener alta adaptabilidad y que algunas de ellas corren el riesgo potencial de presentar eventos de extinción local.
Mamíferos medianos y grandes del Área Nacional de Recreación Isla Santay en el occidente de Ecuador
Authors: Torres-Domínguez Alvaro , Salas Jaime Antonio , Hurtado Cindy M.
Published: April 2022

Isla Santay es una importante área ecuatoriana de conservación para especies nativas, pero que posee poca información sobre mamíferos. Entre agosto de 2018 y enero 2019, la riqueza y abundancia de mamíferos medianos y grandes fue estudiada en dos zonas con diferente uso de suelo: no disturbada, y disturbada. La riqueza de especies fue cuantificada mediante una combinación de fototrampeo, observación directa y evidencias indirectas (rastros, heces, etc.). Registramos seis especies en ambas zonas, de las cuales tres están incluidas en la lista roja de mamíferos del Ecuador. En la zona no disturbada, Leopardus pardalis fue la especie más frecuente y mostró más actividad; mientras que esta misma especie junto con Procyon cancrivorus lo fueron en la zona intervenida; Lontra longicaudis y Philander melanurus fueron registradas por primera vez para la reserva. Especies esperadas como Didelphis marsupialis, Nasua nasua, Eira barbara, Galictis vittata, y Herpailurus yaguarondi estuvieron ausentes. Isla Santay presentó una baja riqueza de especies, probablemente debido a amenazas como la contaminación ambiental y aislamiento geográfico. A pesar de esto, Isla Santay ayuda en la protección de mamíferos en la región, especialmente para especies amenazadas. Futuras investigaciones deben priorizar la preservación de los procesos ecológicos y a entender el efecto negativo de los impactos antropogénicos en su biodiversidad.
CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN ELIMINATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE СHORNOBYL CATASTROPHE (IN PLACE OF A FOREWORD)
Authors:   People's Deputy of Ukraine, Kopylenko O.L. , Nosovskii A.V. , Dolin V.V.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the critical analysis of the key problems and the reasons for slow pace of elimination of the consequences of the Chornobyl Catastrophe that are related to the inefficiency of the public administration. During 35 years passed since the Chornobyl Catastrophe, no state strategy for gradual, step by step, elimination of the consequences has been developed. Neither the criteria for its completion have been worked out. Due to the changes in the radioactive contamination structure, accumulation of new knowledge in the field of radiation medicine, agricultural radiology, radiobiology, radiogeochemistry, and radioecology, it is urgent to revise the conceptual provisions of the Chornobyl laws and policy documents, which are mostly based on the 30 year old data. One of the burning unsolved problems of radiation safety is the technological foundations for fuel-containing material management during demolishing of the unstable constructions of the “Shelter” object, the volume of which exceeds 15 tons (UO2) with total activity reaching 4.8×1017Bq. Imperfection of the radiohydrogeoecological monitoring system in the affected area within the “Shelter” Object and the 3rd ChNPP Unit, sites for temporary localization and disposal of radioactive waste in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, in particular, due to man-made changes in the hydrogeological regime, leads to inaccurate assessment of the radioactive contamination and forecaste of the quality of the underground drinking water supply sources. One of the most pressing modern radioecological problems is the accumulation of Americium-241 in the natural environment and its exposure affects. Now the content of this radionuclide outside the destroyed power unit is almost equal to that of 90Sr and will increase to the middle of this century. At the same time, its radiobiological efficiency is much higher than the gamma and beta radiation of the dose-generating 137Cs and 90Sr. The strategy for overcoming the consequences of the Chornobyl catastrophe should be comprehensive and aimed to addressing humanitarian, environmental, technological, international and political issues in complex.
STUDY OF TRITIUM MIGRATION AND RETENTION MECHANISMS IN THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE KYIV RADIOACTIVE WASTE STORAGE FACILITY)
Authors:   State Institution “The Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pushkarov O.V. , Sevruk I.M.
Published: April 2022

Radioactive waste storage facilities (RWSF) are a potential source of tritium in the biosphere. Engineered concrete constructions are not sufficiently reliable forasmuch as water leaks contaminated with tritium from the storage facilities into the geological environment has been detected. The barrier properties of the natural environment at the storage sites are determined by the ability to absorb and retain heavy isotopes of hydrogen during a considerable period of time and thus exclude its circulation in the biosphere. Various elements of the natural ecosystem take part in the absorption of tritium – the geological environment, soil organic matter, annual and perennial vegetation, micro- and macrobiota. A certain part of tritium in the gaseous and aerosol form is released into the air. The highest concentrations of tritium are recorded in the area close to the concrete radioactive waste (RW) storage facilities, where the vapor-gas emanation plume is least dispersed. With distance from the storage facilities, the tritium concentration in the soil humus layer significantly decreases due to the spatial dispersion of the tritium in the atmospheric plume. Tritium from the air enters the soil with the atmospheric precipitation and is partially retained in the humified layer of the soil. Most of the tritium from the atmospheric precipitation is transported by the vertical infiltration flow through the sedimentary layers represented by loess sandy loams and loams, where it is finally retained. In the area close to RWSFs, the concentration of heavy hydrogen isotope in pore, interstitial and film water (1 fraction) is up to 87 % of its total content in an elementary block. In the more tightly bound forms (2 and 3 fractions), it is 9 % and 4 %, respectively. Farther from the RW storage facilities in the predominant air flow direction, the tritium concentration in free water decreases to 75 %. In this area, more intensive redistribution of tritium between the structural sites is observed. At the more distant monitoring points (wells), from 25 % to 37 % of the total tritium amount in the soils is retained in more tightly bound forms in the structure of rock-forming, mainly clay minerals
METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE IMITATIONAL MODELLING OF THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE MILITARY ACTIVITY TERRITORIES (AT THE DIVYCHKY POLYGON AS AN EXAMPLE)
Authors:   Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Khrushchov D. , Chumachenko S. , Splodytel A.
Published: April 2022

The methodological basis of a theory for information support of research and work on management of the geological component of military activity territories is founded on the development of a typification of geological environment violations resulted from military activity, highlighting the types of geological environment and forms of military impact on the geological environment, establishing a mechanism and forecasting the development of geosystems. The methodical basis consists in development of the principles of information models of the geological environment disturbanses, which serve as the basis for determining methods and technologies for eliminating the consequences of negative military activity impact upon the geological environment, i.e., degraded sites recovery. The purpose of the introduction of this methodological apparatus is to optimize the structuring of the geological environment of the object, which will increase the resolution and overall adequacy of the infogeological model. The package PDE Toolbox computer mathematics systems MatLab 7.1.4 was used for simulation of pollution distribution in landscape profiles of an artillery blast hole. It showed us a picture of the changes in the concentration of the solution of pollutants on the landscape profile down to the first groundwater horizon 90 days from the moment of intense snowmelt.To assess the pollution migration dynamics according to the mathematical modeling in the PDE Toolbox package of the MatLab 7.1 computer mathematics system, the dependence of the change in the concentration of the solution of pollutants spread along the landscape profiles of the artillery blast hole was recieved. The obtained data indicate that within the territory affected by military activity, depending on the state of density and permeability of rocks in the zone of unsaturated filtration, the vulnerability of groundwater to geochemical factors of technogenic pollution increases.
Thermal stability of electrical parameters of silicon crystal doped with nickel during growth
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, 2, Universitetskaia str., 100095 Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Bakhadyrkhanov M.K. , Ismailov K.A. ,   Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh,  230112 Nukus, Uzbekistan, Kosbergenov E.Zh. ,   Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh,  230112 Nukus, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2022

This work shows that the introduction of nickel atoms in the process of growing silicon crystals enables to obtain a material with stable electrophysical parameters during thermal annealing in the wide temperature range 450…1050 °С and duration (t = 0.5...25 hours). This is the most cost-effective way to create material for semiconductor devices and solar cells with stable parameters.
Special regularities for lowering temperature during growth of high-quality CdTe semiconductor layers
Authors:   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University  103, Chudnivska str., 10005 Zhytomyr, Ukraine, Moskvin P.P. , Rashkovetskyi L.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Plyatsko S.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Semenets S.P. ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University  103, Chudnivska str., 10005 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

To obtain epitaxial layers of A2B6 semiconductors with increased structural perfection from their own liquid phase, it has been proposed to use a technological process in which the synthesis temperature varies in such a manner that ensures a constant growth rate of layers during the whole process. The regularities of temperature variation with time for this process have been found on the basis of diffusion crystallization model. The developed model is realized by numerical methods and applied to description of the growth of cadmium telluride layers. Quantitative data on variations of synthesis temperature have been obtained, which can serve as a basis for choosing the temperature-time regimes of growth of cadmium telluride layers with a constant and required rate of solid phase formation.
Comparison of features arising in phonon spectra of crystals belonging to the argyrodite family for various combinations of orbits filled with Ag (Cu) atoms
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Faculty of Physics, 3, Narodna Sq., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Nebola I.I. , Katanytsia A.F. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Faculty of Physics, 3, Narodna Sq., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Shkyrta I.M. ,   Mukachevo State University, 26, Uzhhorodska str., 89600 Mukachevo, Ukraine, Pal Yu.O. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Faculty of Physics, 3, Narodna Sq., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Studenyak I.P. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Faculty of Physics, 3, Narodna Sq., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Timko M. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 47, Watsonova str., 04001 Košice, Slovakia, Kopčanský P. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 47, Watsonova str., 04001 Košice, Slovakia
Published: April 2022

The paper is devoted to model phonon spectra calculations of argyrodite family crystals, namely: Ag7GeSe5I and Cu7GeSe5I (Ag7SiS5I and Cu7SiS5I). The specificity of the crystalline structure of these crystals is realization of variable partial populating different crystallographic orbits with Cu, I and Ag atoms (in 24 (g) and 48 (h) Positions Multiplicity, Wyckoff letter, Site symmetry of the space group ), which are associated with high superionic conductivity in crystals of this family. Compared in this paper are model phonon spectra calculated with account of three different configurations of orbital populations with Cu and Ag atoms (6 + 1, 5 + 2 and 4 + 3), by choosing the same lattice model for the unit cell and the set of force constants of each crystal. The calculations were performed by finding the eigenvalues of the generalized dynamic matrix perturbed by the modulation function of the mass defect obtained in the concept over spatial symmetry. It is shown that the phonon spectra do not undergo significant qualitative changes, which can serve as indirect evidence of the possibility to realize the jumping mechanism of super-ionic conductivity in these crystals in the high-temperature phase.
Photoluminescence of melanin-based nanocomposites with fullerene derivative
Authors:   Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kostetskyi A.O. , Piryatinski Yu.P. ,   Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Verbitsky A.B. ,   Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Lutsyk P.M. ,   Aston University, Aston Triangle, B47ET Birmingham, UK, Rozhin A.G. ,   Aston University, Aston Triangle, B47ET Birmingham, UK
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the study of the photoluminescent properties of molecular compositions consisting of melanin and an electron-acceptor material – fullerene derivative, [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). These molecular compositions have not been studied well and are promising for molecular electronics of natural materials, in particular, for organic solar cells. The novelty of this work relates to the study of photoluminescence spectra obtained for these molecular compositions and nanocomposites in various solvents (chloroform, acetonitrile, and toluene) as well as in a polystyrene matrix; these studies were carried out at various, in particular, liquid helium (4.2 K), temperatures. The obtained results allowed us to ascertain mechanisms of the state of aggregation and donor-acceptor interaction between melanin and PCBM.
Optical space communication. Review
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,  41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kulish M.R. , Malysh М.І. ,   National Transport University, 42, M. Boychuk str., off. 41, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

Features of information exchange between satellites and satellites with ground stations and in the opposite direction are considered. The influence of such atmospheric factors as fog, rain, snow, atmospheric turbulence, background noise, and sky glow on the quality of information signals is analyzed. The expediency of using transmitter frequencies, which lie in the area of windows of the Earth transparency and are in the infrared region of the spectrum, has been established. In particular, generators of such frequencies in the near-infrared region can be InGaAs laser diodes, which are light in the region of about 1550 nm, and in the far-infrared region – cascade lasers, which are able to generate radiation in the range of 3.5 to 24 μm. InGaAs photodiodes and HgCdTe detectors should be used as receivers of the mentioned frequencies.
PERTUNJUKAN TEATER DULMULUK DI TVRI SUMATERA SELATAN: SEBUAH PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKASI BUDAYA
Authors: Walidah Anafatun
Published: April 2022

Pertunjukan teater Dulmuluk merupakan sebuah ekspresi komunikasi budaya. Sebagai Pewarisan budaya, secara internal khususnya di TVRI Sumatera Selatan Teater Dulmuluk juga sebagai kebanggaan milik bangsa yang menampilkan kesenian tradisional kota Palembang. Kesenian tradisional Dulmuluk ini harus menjadi perhatian besar terhadap fungsi teater sebagai media pewarisan budaya dan dilestarikan oleh setiap elemen masyarakat. Penelitian ini ingin menjawab, Mengapa pertunjukan teater Dulmuluk tetap bertahan di TVRI Sumatera Selatan? Bagaimana pesan moral Islam dan tanggapan masyarakat terhadap pertunjukan teater Dulmuluk? Penelitian ini menggunakan teori dramaturgi Erving Goffman, dan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini pertunjukan teater Dulmuluk masih dipertahankan dan ditampilkan di TVRI Sumatera Selatan sebagai nilai fondasi budaya bangsa, syiar agama Islam lewat seni dan salah satu budaya lakon sesuai dengan cerita daerah. Kata Kunci: Dramaturgi, Pesan Moral, TVRI Sumatera Selatan, Teater Dulmuluk, Komunikasi Budaya.
HIERARKI PENGARUH PEMBERITAAN PINDAH KEYAKINAN DEDDY CORBUZIER DI DETIKCOM
Authors: Alfafa Iskandar Silma Rahmah
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian kualitatif dengan memakai jenis metode penelitian studi kasus instrinsic caseyang bertujuan melihat bagaimana faktor internal dan faktor eksternal memengaruhi sebuah isi berita. Peneliti menggunakan pemberitaan pindah keyakinan pindah keyakinan Deddy Corbuzier (21 Juni-21 Agustus 2019) di Detikcom sebagai objek penelitian. Data pemberitaan yang diperoleh dilengkapi dengan wawancara para reporter detikHot, kemudian peneliti menganalisis data dengan teori hierarki pengaruh yang diperkenalkan oleh Pamela J Shoemaker dan Stephen D Reese yang memiliki lima tingkatan level, yaitu level pekerja media, level kerutinan media, level organisasi media, level ekstra media, dan level ideologi media. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari lima level hierarki pengaruh, tiga level sangat memengaruhi, yaitu level individu, rutinitas media dan ideologi media.
PERBEDAAN KONSEP PERJODOHAN ISLAM DAN REALITY TV DALAM PERSPEKTIF GLOBALISASI MEDIA
Authors: Yuliarti Dwi Arini , Hermansah Tantan
Published: April 2022

Program Take Me Out Indonesia merupakan program adaptasi yang telah mengudara di Indonesia sejak tahun 2009 dan menjadi salah satu program reality show tersukses di Indonesia. Namun, disadari atau tidak, kehadiran program tersebut turut pula membawa ancaman hegemoni budaya Barat yang menggerus nilai-nilai budaya Islam. Di era globalisasi ini, perjodohan dijadikan komoditi yang dijual ke ranah publik melalui sebuah tayangan. Tidak sedikit dari adegan yang ditampilkan pada program ini mengesampingkan hukum syara dan berpotensi mendegradasi identitas nilai Islam. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa globalisasi pada sektor media telah memberikan konsekuensi yang amat besar. Maraknya program adaptasi asing tidak lepas dari respon baik dari masyarakat. Perolehan rating dan share sebuah stasiun tv masih menjadi target utama pencapaian keuntungan perusahaan. Meskipun, apa yang dipertontonkan tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam dan cenderung keluar dari garis batas hukum Islam. Penerapan komunikasi Islam menjadi kunci penting dakwah dalam menghadapi globalisasi Barat. Kata kunci: Globalisasi, Program Adaptasi, Media, Islam.
The Denial Den
Authors: Richard Tuck
Published: April 2022

99173, vision screening
Q&A
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

How to code for smoke exposure, Pediarix, and circumcisions; the correct use of codes 94640 and 94664; the diagnosis code for PPD
Denial Den: Coding Faux Pas
Authors: Leeds Andrea
Published: April 2022

Don’t always take the word of major carriers
Denial Den
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Discharge codes 99238-99239
Q&A
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Reporting intubation in addition to resuscitation; and using subsequent hospital codes 99298,99299, and 99231-99233
Practice Management Tips and Resources
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Information on vaccine registries, strategies for purchasing vaccines, EOBs, and a list of AAP and other related resources
You Code It!
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Four coding scenarios related to vaccines and vaccine administration
Denial Den
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Appealing payer downcoding based on diagnosis
Denial Den
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Difficulties with billing carriers for services relating to ADD and ADHD
Q&A (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Covering dehydration from gastroenteritis, dog bites, and expectant parent visits
Q&A
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Answers to questions on coding using V, E, J, and A codes; how to use code 99080 when completing special reports for patients
Diagnosis Coding: Why Services Are Provided (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Invaluable information for physicians and hospitals from the ICD-9-CM manual including details of the principles of coding and instructions for selecting codes
How to Code When the Child Is Not Present (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Tips for billing services such as discussing a child’s illness with parents when the child is not present
Q&A (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Help with coding for specific durations of face-to-face time, as well as advice on using the incision and drainage code
Subspecialty Corner
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Reporting procedures performed in hearing screening and testing in addition to E/M service
You Code It!
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

How to report services by an attending physician for review of findings by telephone with a resident and face-to-face service the following day
Why Your State Medicaid Physician Fee Payment Schedule Differs From the Medicare Resource-Based Relative Value Scale
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

How RBRVS works and how it may affect your practice and payments
You Code It! (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Prolonged services and nebulizer treatments for an 8-year-old with acute asthma exacerbation
Pediatric ICD-9-CM Codes for 2008
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

New disease codes effective October 1, 2007
Denial Den
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Bundling service with evaluation and management for straight urine catheterization
New 2008 Category I CPT Code for Ocular Photoscreening
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

New code 99174 replaces 0065T
What You Need to Know to Use and Interpret the Medicare Resource-Based Relative Value Scale
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

How to interpret medicare-payable CPT, HCPCS, modifiers, descriptions, status indicators, RVUs, and global periods
Subspecialty Corner: CPT 2008 Changes for Reporting Hydration, Therapeutic Infusions, and Chemotherapy
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Changes, revisions, deletions, and new codes for reporting hydration, therapeutic infusions, and chemotherapy
Point to Ponder
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Selecting the level of service for a new patient office visit
You Code It!
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Counseling for stopping smoking
Q&A
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Fluoride application, hemoccult stool testing, and nebulizer treatments
Newly Revised Payment for Telephone Care: A Toolkit
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Codes for telephone E/M services provided by physicians and qualified nonphysicians
Q&A
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Corneal abrasion, purified protein derivative, high arched palate, sibling with pneumonia, and M-CHAT screening
CPT Code Changes for 2009
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

Significant changes are those made to the normal newborn care, delivery room management and resuscitation, neonatal and pediatric intensive and critical care services, and pediatric critical care transport services.
Update on the 2008 and 2009 Medicare Resource-Based Relative Value Scale
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2022

2008 Medicare conversion factor extension and other RBRVS changes