bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El proceso de industrialización reciente de un área marginal: la Vall de Beneixama (Alicante)
Authors: Ponce Herrero Gabino , Dávila Linares Juan Manuel
Published: June 2015

Los tres pequeños municipios de la Vall de Beneixama, carentes de un decisivo impulso endógeno, habían quedado marginados del proceso de industrialización generado en las comarcas circundantes: calzado en el Vinalopó, juguetes en la Foia de Castalla y textil en les Valls d’Alcoi. No obstante, la crisis estructural padecida por esos ramos de actividad en los años sesenta y setenta, con la quiebra del modelo empresarial de integración vertical, y su sustitución por un modelo más flexible, con tareas desagregadas, impulsó el desarrollo industrial en la Vall, gracias a una oferta de mano de obra barata y a una dinámica laboral en buena parte clandestina y dispersa.
Un Portulano de Joan Martines
Authors: Giménez Soler María Luisa
Published: June 2015

El Portulano constituye un nuevo tipo de mapa, que aparece en el siglo XIII. Contemporáneo de las representaciones escolásticas de dicho siglo, sobrepasa en exactitud a todas ellas. Los Portulanos o cartas náuticas, ejecutadas por marinos, tienen como característica la rica toponimia de puertos y ciudades costeras que se inscriben perpendicularmente a la línea de la costa. Topónimos que de otra parte son importantes a la hora de identificar los lugares y la época de realización de las cartas. El portulano que se presenta aquí, firmado por Joan Martines está fechado en 1570, sin embargo no está catalogado, que nosotros tengamos conocimiento, en ninguna lista de las obras de éste. Para la elaboración de este trabajo hemos consultado principalmente los trabajos de Rainiero en el Vaticano, de Camareno, del Duque Alba, de Elena de Santiago, y de Ibáñez Cerda en España, y, especialmente, los estudios que publicó Caraci sobre Joan Martines, los cuales fueron proporcionados por el coronel D. Angel Paladini y el profesor Antonio Ibessi de la Universidad de Messina.
Una experiencia de educación ambiental a través de la geografía: la visita al Ecoparque Municipal de Alicante
Authors: Díez Ros Rocío
Published: June 2015

Los Ecoparques son instalaciones pensadas para que los ciudadanos depositen allí determinados Residuos Urbanos que, debido a sus características, no deben ser gestionados junto al resto. El escaso éxito obtenido por el Ecoparque municipal de Alicante refleja la necesidad de llevar a cabo acciones de Educación Ambiental que nos ayuden a conocer los problemas ambientales que padecemos y, sobre todo, nuestro nivel de responsabilidad en los mismos. En esta línea, el presente trabajo propone la visita de los escolares a las instalaciones del Ecoparque de su ciudad como una posibilidad de integrar la Educación Ambiental entre los contenidos geográficos de la enseñanza reglada.
Principal component analysis of the information structure of British English and Chinese genres
Authors: Ji Meng
Published: June 2015

What is a textual genre? How do the genres of typologically different languages differ from each other? How systematic differences of the genre systems reveal variations among languages in terms of the information structure? These are fundamental research questions in contrastive linguistics. The central purpose of this paper is to investigate variations between textual genres of British English and Mandarin Chinese by using large-scale language data bases. The corpus analysis shows that textual genres of the two languages are different from each other systematically, which thus sheds new light on the inherent cognitive and cultural differences between the two language and cultural systems.
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Substance use Among Adolescents in Slovenian Urban Area / Telesna Aktivnost, Oblike Sedečega Vedenja In Uživanje Psihoaktivnih Snovi Med Mladostniki V Slovenskem Urbanem Okolju
Authors: Lesjak Vesna , Stanojević-Jerković Olivera
Published: June 2015

Background. Studies of the relationship between leisure time physical activity, sedentary behaviour and substance use among adolescents report contradictory results. The aim of our study was to examine the association between self-reported leisure time physical activity, sedentary behaviour and alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use among adolescents in Slovenia.

Methods. Subjects consisted of 822 school children aged from 14 to 16 years, living in urban area of Ljubljana and Maribor. The data was collected using the EURO URHIS 2 survey. Logistic regressions were conducted to assess the correlation between the independent variables of physical activity; time spent watching television and using the computer, and each of the five substance use dependent variables.

Results. Frequency of daily smoking was significantly associated with leisure time physical activity, while alcohol and cannabis use were not. Watching TV ≥ 2 hours per day was associated with heavy episodic drinking in the past month, no associations were found for smoking and cannabis use. Using the computer ≥ 2 hours per day was positively associated with daily smoking, drinking alcohol in the past month, heavy episodic drinking in the past month and ever being intoxicated, while cannabis use was not.

Conclusions. These findings suggest that leisure time physical activity is associated with daily cigarette smoking, and leisure time sedentary behaviour is associated with alcohol and tobacco use among adolescents. The results of our study show the need for the formation of suitable preventive measures concerning reduced sitting time as well as leisure time physical activity targeted to adolescents.
Transfer of Activities from Container Material to Sample in Neutron Activation Analysis
Authors: Brune Dag
Published: June 2015

This study concerns an estimation of the amounts of the activities originating from polyethylene and quartz containers transferred to container surface due to the recoil effect in the thermal neutron-capture process, thus causing contamination of the sample. The universal range-energy relationship given by LINDHARD and SCHÄRFT has been applied in the calculations. As regards containers with impurities in the p. p. m. region, the amounts of activities transferred owing to this effect were found to be quite negligible. However, when the containers were rinsed with hydrochloric acid, activities were found to be extracted from depths of the order of magnitude 10-3 and 10-4 cm in the polyethylene and the quartz materials respectively which in some cases necessitates corrections.
Turismo sexual: síntoma de la mercantilización de la vida humana
Authors: Forero Medina Nelson Camilo
Published: June 2015

El turismo sexual es una problemática que ha sido estudiada desde diferentes disciplinas o perspectivas. No obstante, los estudios existentes carecen en su gran mayoría de una clara definición sobre lo que se entiende por turismo sexual. Así, el primer objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una posible definición de tal fenómeno. Con base en esta herramienta teórica y partiendo de la hipótesis de que, en las relaciones entre sujetos de diferentes nacionalidades, la principal categoría en juego es la nación, se examina cómo el proceso del turismo sexual entre las/los locales y las/los extranjeros se desarrolla en tres países: Brasil, Cuba y República Dominicana. De acuerdo con los puntos de intersección observables en este fenómeno entre dichos casos, se muestra de qué manera el cuerpo humano se enajena como producto de la mercantilización transnacional complicando el proceso de determinación de la identidad de género por parte de los sujetos. 
Intelectuales mexicanos por Centroamérica: diplomáticos, activistas y estudiosos (1920-1930)
Authors: Díaz Vázquez María del Carmen
Published: June 2015

Este trabajo muestra el vínculo existente entre México y Centroamérica en la década de 1920, posibilitado, entre otros factores, por el tránsito de intelectuales en ambas direcciones. Este movimiento trajo como consecuencia el intercambio de ideas, la confrontación de proyectos y el acercamiento diplomático. Los intelectuales desempeñaron un papel fundamental como difusores del proyecto político-nacional emergido de la Revolución de 1910 y como propagandistas de los gobiernos mexicanos posrevolucionarios. El objetivo era generar apoyo en el área, al igual que en el resto de América Latina, para hacer frente al conflicto con los Estados Unidos a raíz de la promulgación del artículo 27 que limitaba la intervención extranjera en el manejo de los recursos naturales, específicamente, el petróleo.
Electrical and Optical Properties of LiNbO3/CaCu3Ti4O12 Heterostructures on Si
Authors: Gatabi Javad R. , Lyon Kevin A. , Rahman Shafiqur , Arava Hanu , Rojas-Ramirez Juan S , Pandey R. K. , Droopad Ravi
Published: June 2015

The role of ferroelectric LiNbO3 (LNB) in altering the frequency dependence of the capacitance of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) thin films has been investigated. A cost effective spin coating deposition process was used to integrate the oxide heterostructures onto silicon substrates. This study showed that the frequency stability of the CCTO/LNB structure was much improved when the crystallization conditions and physical dimension of each layer were optimized. To integrate this structure with current silicon technology, heterostructures of CCTO and LNB thin films were fabricated on HF terminated Si using chemical solution deposition. It was found that the order of deposition of the two layers was important for the structural quality of the heterostructures with the CCTO layer followed by the LNB layer being the preferred structure. In addition to improvement of the capacitance variation with frequency, the heterostructures also provide a path to tuning the frequency of operation.
Descrição de duas espécies novas de Neoplasta (Coquillett) (Diptera, Empididae, Hemerodromiinae) do pico da Neblina, Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: RAFAEL José Albertino
Published: June 2015

Duas espécies de Neoplasta Coquillett são descritas do Pico da Neblina, Brasil: N. neblina, sp. nov. e N. fregapanii, sp. nov.
Enchentes e vazantes do Rio Negro Medidas no porto de Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: MELLO José Alberto NUNES DE , BARROS Wanilze Gonçalves
Published: June 2015

As cotas do rio Negro vem sendo medidas, diariamente, desde setembro de 1902. O presente trabalho baseou-se em dados colhidos entre os anos de 1903 a 1999. As cinco maiores enchentes aconteceram em: 1953 (29,69m), 1976 (29,61m), 1989 (29,42m), 1922 (29,35m) e 1909 (29,17m). As cinco maiores vazantes aconteceram em: 1963 (13,65m), 1906 (14,20m), 1997 (14,34m), 1916 (14,42m) e 1926 (14,54m). Os cinco menores valores de cotas máximas foram em: 1926 (21,77m), 1912 (24,84m), 1992 (25,42m), 1964 (25,91m) e 1980 (26,00m) e os cinco de cotas mínimas foram em: 1926 (21,77m), 1912 (24,84m), 1992 (25,42m), 1964 (25,91m) e 1980 (26,00m). As cinco maiores diferenças alcançadas em um mesmo ano entre as cotas máximas e mínimas aconteceram em: 1997 (14,62m), 1909 (14,13m), 1953 (12,62m), 1952 (12,44m) e 1916 (12,21 m) e as menores aconteceram em: 1912 (05,45m), 1968 (06,10m), 1985 (06,53m), 1974, (06,62m) e 1986 (06,74m).
Levantamento da fauna de Abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) na região da "Baixada Maranhense": Vitória do Mearim, MA, Brasil
Authors: de ALBUQUERQUE Patrícia M.C. , FERREIRA Rosilene da G. , RÊGO Márcia M.C. , dos SANTOS Cláudia S. , de BRITO Ciclene M. S.
Published: June 2015

Estudou-se durante um ano a fauna de abelhas de uma região da Baixada maranhense em Vitória do Mearim — MA. Foram feitas coletas mensais com auxílio de redes entomológicas e armadilhas de cheiro, no período de um ano, totalizando 288 horas de amostragem. Um total de 839 indivíduos de 38 espécies de abelhas pertencentes às famílias Apidae, Megachilidae, Halictidae, Andrenidae e Colletidae foram coletadas nas flores e 72 indivíduos (11 espécies) de Euglossinae em armadilhas com iscas-odoríferas. Scaptotrigona flavisetis Μoure, Trigona pallens Cockerell e Apis mellifera Linnaeus foram as espécies mais abundantes na área. A sazonalidade foi variável de acordo com as diferentes espécies de abelhas. S. flavisetis foi observada em maior número em janeiro e outubro, T. pallens em janeiro e fevereiro e A. mellifera em abril. Das abelhas coletadas em armadilhas, Euglossa (E.) cordata e Ε. (E.) gr. modestior foram as mais abundantes e Eucaliptol foi a isca odorífera que recebeu maior número de visitas.
Açaí como fonte de ferro: mito ou realidade?
Authors: YUYAMA Lucia Kiyoko Ozaki , AGUIAR Jaime Paiva Lopes , SILVA FILHO Danilo , YUYAMA Kaoru , FÁVARO Déborah Inês Teixeira , VASCONCELLOS Marina Beatriz Agostini
Published: June 2015

Considerando-se que pouco se conhece sobre os constituintes nutricionais do açaí, determinou-se o teor de ferro no "vinho" pela técnica de Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons Instrumental. Foram analisadas amostras de açaí provenientes do Pará, assim como dos municípios de Anamã, Codajas, Tabatinga, Benjamin Constant, Parintins e Barcelos, AM. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que o peso médio dos frutos variaram de 0,83g a 2,04g e semente de 0,59g a 1,38 ± 0,13g. Verificou-se baixos teores de ferro com concentrações variando de 289,8 ± 37,8 μg a 1093,5 ± 22,0pg%, demonstrando que o açaí como fonte de ferro é pouco expressivo.
Diagnóstico da realidade nutricional no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. I - hipovitaminose A
Authors: ALENCAR Fernando Hélio , CASTRO Janete Seixas , YUYAMA Lúcia Kioko O. , MARINHO Helyde Albuquerque , NAGAHAMA Dionísia
Published: June 2015

Procedeu-se uma revisão de toda produção científica do Amazonas, da área da nutrição nas últimas décadas. A análise deste material, consubstanciada com as últimas pesquisas realizadas pelo grupo da Nutrição do INPA viabilizou a composição do diagnóstico da hipovitaminose A na região Amazônica. A investigação clínico-oftalmológica, envolveu 487 crianças de 2 a 5 anos, de ambos os sexos, oriundas das diferentes localidades amazônicas: Nhamundá, Alvarães, Anamã, Beruri e Benjamin Constant. Os níveis de retinol sérico foram determinados, exclusivamente, em 48 crianças do município de Nhamundá. A investigação clínica não evidenciou nenhum sinal e/ou sintoma pertinentes a carência de vitamina A. Níveis de ret-inol sérico, considerados normais e altos, foram registrados em 75,0% e 25,0%, respectivamente do universo estudado. O somatório destes resultados com as informações retrospectivas procedentes da literatura regional não permitem afirmar categoricamente a existência de hipovitaminose A como problema de Saúde Pública na região Amazônica.
Lessons in understanding Montreal heritage language contexts: Whose literacies and voices are privileged?
Authors: Maguire Mary H.
Published: June 2015

In this article, I focus on six lessons learned from qualitative, ethnographic inquiries in Montreal Heritage language contexts, which challenge traditional representations of ‘language minority’ communities and identities. Through examples of multilingual children’s identity accounts, I argue for the need to recognize heritage literacies in academic discourse about multiple literacies and in mainstream inquiries. They signal the need for policy makers and educators to rethink assumptions about whose literacies are privileged, recognized and valued in particular contexts, increased funding for local Heritage Literacies, and dialogue among policy makers, educators and communities.
Anaphylactoid-like Reaction to Midazolam During Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Ayuse Terumi , Kurata Shinji , Ayuse Takao
Published: June 2015

We experienced a case of life-threatening hypotension and bronchoconstriction associated with edema in a patient undergoing resection of a tumor of the right mandible following intravenous midazolam for induction of general anesthesia. We decided to postpone surgery for further examination of a possible drug-induced allergic reaction, and we rescheduled surgery for 1 week later. After administering H1 and H2 histamine antagonists, we administered a slow induction with sevoflurane in nitrous oxide and oxygen plus intravenous atropine sulfate after performing a test dose injection. We safely induced and maintained anesthesia with nitrous oxide, oxygen, and sevoflurane.
Inadvertent Endobronchial Intubation in a Patient With a Short Neck Length
Authors: Cornelius Bryant , Sakai Tetsuro
Published: June 2015

Inadvertent placement of the endotracheal tube into the right bronchus during intubation for general anesthesia is a fairly common occurrence. Many precautions should be taken by the anesthesia provider in order to minimize the incidence of endobronchial intubation, including bilateral auscultation of the lungs, use of the 21/23 rule, and palpation of the inflated endotracheal cuff at the sternal notch. These provisions, however, are not foolproof; anesthesia providers should realize that endobronchial intubation may occur from time to time because of variations in patient anatomy, changes in patient positioning, and cephalad pressures exerted during surgery. A 58-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received general endotracheal anesthesia for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. His height was 165 cm (5 ft, 5 in) and the endotracheal tube was secured at his incisors at 21 cm after placement with a rigid laryngoscope. Bilateral breath sounds were confirmed with auscultation, although they were distant because of his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After radiographic examination in the postanesthesia care unit, a right main-stem intubation was revealed to have taken place, resulting in complete atelectasis of the left lung. After repositioning of the endotracheal tube, radiography confirmed that the patient had an anatomically short tracheal length.
Tissue Blood Flow During Remifentanil Infusion With Carbon Dioxide Loading
Authors: Kanbe Hiroaki , Matsuura Nobuyuki , Kasahara Masataka , Ichinohe Tatsuya
Published: June 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (ETCO2) during remifentanil (Remi) infusion on oral tissue blood flow in rabbits. Eight male tracheotomized Japan White rabbits were anesthetized with sevoflurane under mechanical ventilation. The infusion rate of Remi was 0.4 μg/kg/min. Carbon dioxide was added to the inspired gas to change the inspired CO2 tension to prevent changes in the ventilating condition. Observed variables were systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), common carotid artery blood flow (CCBF), tongue mucosal blood flow (TBF), mandibular bone marrow tissue blood flow (BBF), masseter muscle tissue blood flow (MBF), upper alveolar tissue blood flow (UBF), and lower alveolar tissue blood flow (LBF). The CCBF, TBF, BBF, UBF, and LBF values were increased, while MBF was decreased, under hypercapnia, and vice versa. The BBF, UBF, and LBF values were increased, while the MBF value was decreased, under hypercapnia during Remi infusion, and vice versa. The BBF, MBF, UBF, and LBF values, but not the CCBF and TBF values, changed along with ETCO2 changes during Remi infusion.
The Effects of Sex, Topological Structure, and Task Type on Hypertext Navigational Performance
Authors: Chang Wen-Te , Chien Yu-Hung
Published: June 2015

Currently, almost all online materials use hyperlinks to provide users access to background, supplemental, or alternative information presented in context, greatly increasing the potential integration of information. However, a major problem is that people do not navigate hyperlinks effectively when the links become more topologically complex. Thus, identification of the variables that lead to navigational errors is necessary for the effective design of hyperlinks. Ninetyone participants (45 women, 46 men) were recruited for this experiment. All were college students and ranged in age from 19 to 23yr. ( M = 20.87, SD = 1.02). Navigational performance was examined in relation to sex, topological structure, and task type. A network topology with single-node task was superior to one with a linear topology under a single-node task condition, but equal to one with a linear topology under a multi-node task condition. Men navigated the linear topology with multi-node task and a network topology with a single-node task significantly faster than women, whereas no significant differences were observed under the other conditions. Sex interacted with topological structure and task type. This study extended the research in this domain by demonstrating an interactive effect among sex, topological structure, and task type on the navigational performance of users and can contribute to research regarding web page design.
Angiographic dimple of profound significance in cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: report of 2 cases
Authors: Park Jaechan
Published: June 2015

The occurrence of an angiographic dimple or irregularity due to indentation of the contrast column by an intraluminal thrombus at the dome of a ruptured aneurysm is not uncommon and does not draw much clinical attention. However, an angiographic dimple at the base of the ruptured aneurysm or division of the parent artery can signify a rupture point close to the dimple and an intraluminal thrombus, which has utmost clinical significance as it is close to the parent artery and necessitates a different treatment strategy from rupture of the aneurysm dome. The author reports on 2 cases of an angiographic dimple following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and subsequent surgical exploration. In the first patient, a 57-year-old-woman, angiography revealed a basal dimple in a superiorly directed anterior communicating artery aneurysm. A pterional craniotomy was performed, which revealed a bilobed aneurysm harboring a superiorly directed unruptured lobule and inferiorly directed ruptured lobule. An intraluminal thrombus in the inferiorly directed lobule apparently obscured the lobule and caused the appearance of the basal dimple on the angiograms. In the second patient, a 40-year-old man who had been transferred to the author’s institution because of an angiographic evaluation that did not show any aneurysm despite SAH in the basal cisterns, initial angiography revealed a subtle dimple on the superior wall of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA). On follow-up angiography, a very small aneurysm was seen at the site of the dimple. A craniotomy then revealed a very small ruptured and thrombosed aneurysm on the superior wall of the ACoA.
Impacts of Farmers Participation in Upscaling Technologies on Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Production in the South-Western Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M A , Islam M R , Haque M E , Yeasmin F , Hossain M A
Published: June 2015

The study evaluated the farmers participatory methods of upscaling technologies for increasing mungbean production in the south-western region of Bangladesh. It was a descriptive survey study and data were collected by interviewing 120 sample farmers in DFID-Mungbean Project areas in Bangladesh. The participatory methods trailed in the project were farmers seed exchange program, demonstrations trials, agricultural training and workshops on mungbean production. However, farmers to farmers seed exchange program was identified as the most effective method. During the project phase, the farmers selected and adopted their preferred mungbean varieties, developed and practiced appropriate land preparation techniques along with improved post-harvest operations. Farmers participation in technology generation and upscaling resulted in increasing area and production of the mungbean many fold during 2004 to 2008. The average yield of mungbean was 1370 kg/ha and almost all framers obtained yields more than that of the national average of 705 kg/ha. Agricultural training, farm size and extension contact accounted for 83% of the total variation in upscaling technology and 90% of the variation in yield of mungbean. The extent of upscaling technology in terms of increase in area and yield of mungbean were associated with various participatory methods practiced by the farmers in the study area. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 39-47
Contribution of Food for Work Program to Food Security of Selected Workers in Kapasia Upazila under Gazipur of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Shifat , Afrad Md. Safiul Islam , Prodhan Foyez Ahmed
Published: June 2015

The main focus of the study was to determine the food security status of the women involved in food for work program in terms of access to food (meals/day/person) and intake of energy (kilo calorie) and to explore the relationship between some selected characteristics of the beneficiaries with the changes in food security. The study was conducted in Kapasia upazila of Gazipur district during July 2013 to September 2013. Data were collected through pre-tested interview schedule. One hundred and ten women were selected following simple random sampling method. All of the family members of the respondents used to take three-meals/day when Food for Work Program (FFW) program was ongoing. More than four-fifth (84.55%) of the household members received optimum to above optimum kcal/day when FFW was running, but only three-fifth (60.90%) of the respondents family members took optimum to above optimum kcal/day when FFW program did not run. Optimum level and above optimum level calorie in taking family members increased by 12.73 percent and 10.91 percent, respectively when FFW program was running. The difference between per capita calorie intake by the respondents and their family members when FFW program was and was not running was found significant. Correlation analyses showed that annual income and credit facility had positive and significant relationship with contribution of FFW program on changes in food security status of the beneficiaries. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 83-90
HAEMATOLOGICAL PICTURES IN CLINICALLY AFFECTED DOGS
Authors: Alam MR , Hoque MA , Rahman MA , Islam SKMA , Rahman MM
Published: June 2015

Haematological examination was carried out on 23 clinically affected dogs with various diseases or conditions at Teaching Veterinary Hospital of Chittagong Government Veterinary College for a period of 5 months from July to November 2003. On haematolo-ical examination, total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were recorded to be normal in dog irrespective of types of breed except anaemia. Decreased haematological values (TEC 2.1-2.5 million / cmm, Hb 3.4-5 g% and PCV 12-13%) were recorded in anaemic cases. The elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate was recorded in maximum cases of dog. However, higher leukocyte count (19-26.7 thousand / cmm) was recorded in dermatitis, mammary tumor, abscess and leptospirosis of dogs. On differential leucocyte count, lymphocytes and eosinophils were counted higher while neutrophils were counted lower in dermatitis of German Shepherd and local breeds. Alarming lower percentage of lymphocytes (12-13%) and higher percentage of neutrophil (70-72%) and monocyte (9-10%) were registerd in leptospirosis. On the other hand, lymphocytes count in fever (40-58%), conjunctivitis (54%) and fracture (46%) were higher while lower percentage of neutrophil was recorded as 35-54%, 36% and 52% respectively in Shamoyed breed.
GROSS MORPHOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF MUSCLES OF DIFFERENT BODY REGIONS OF ADULT WETHER (CASTRATED BLACK BENGAL GOAT) AND ITS CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Rahaman MT , Khan MZI , Karim MR , Haque Z
Published: June 2015

The morphometrical analysis of muscles of different body regions and carcass characteristics of adult wethers (castrated black Bengal goat) were studied. This experiment was conducted in the Department of Anatomy and Histology during the period from February to May 2005. Muscles of different body regions of wether were found to differ in length, breadth and thickness. Highest length (38.7 ± 0.7 cm) was recorded in rectus abdominis and followed by brachiocephalicus (38.5 ± 0.1 cm), sternomandibularis (30.5 ± 0.9 cm), sternohyoideus (29.7 ± 0.2 cm) and sternathyroideus (29 ± 1.5 cm) muscles. The abdominal muscles, especially the transversus abdominis muscle possessed highest breadth (13.7 ± 0.9 cm) were wider than the other muscles of the body. The craniolateral muscles of thigh had the highest thickness in comparison to other muscles of the body. Carcass characteristics regarding hot carcass weight, dressing percentage and percentage of lean, fat and bone were studied. Dressing percentage, lean, fat and bone percentages were 59.34 ± 0.5, 60.91 ± 1.03, 14.78 ± 1.13 and 24.30 ± 0.2 respectively. This study revealed that the length, breadth and thickness of muscles varied between the different groups of muscles, and also in the same group of muscles of the body and castrated Black Bengal goat had the lean percentage similar to the other breeds of world but a little higher bone percentage and lower fat percentage than the other breeds of the world.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFICACY OF HOUSEHOLD SANITIZING AGENTS AGAINST UBIQUITOUS MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Khatun MM , Islam MA , Rahman MM , Rahman MH
Published: June 2015

The study was undertaken to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of two commercially available sanitizing agents such as dettol and savlon in the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2004. The stock solutions of dettol and savlon for Surface applications were prepared as per recommendation of the manufacturer. One litre each of prepared stock solution of dettol and savlon was spread uniformly over one square meter floor surface. Three different floor surfaces such as tile floor, mosaic floor and ordinary cement floor were treated. The stock solutions were allowed to stand on the floor surfaces for a period of one, two and five minutes and total viable count of floor surface washings were determined. Antimicrobial activity of dettol and savlon was also determined against test organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Total viable count of floor washing sample prior to exposure of antimicrobial agents was found highest in ordinary cement floor (600 cfu/ml) followed by mosaic floor (450 cfu/ml) and tile floor (350 cfu/ml). There was a progressive decline in viable organisms as the time of exposure of the sanitizing- agents increased. The reduction of viable counts found after five minutes exposure of sanitizing agents with dettol were 150 cfu/ml, 75 cfu/ml and 65 cfu/ml and with savlon were 100 cfu/ml, 18 cfu/ml and 16 cfu/ml in ordinary cement floor, mosaic floor and tile floor, respectively. Savlon possessed more inhibitory property than dettol against four test organisms. However, Staphylococcus aureus were found to resist the antibacterial properties of both dettol and savlon. It may be concluded that while using commercial chemical sanitizing agents for domestic purpose care should be taken in its selection and efficacy.
Kvalifisering til læretid - Ikke bare et spørsmål om teori eller praksis i skoleopplæringen
Authors: Spetalen Halvor , Johansen Else Marie , Johnsen Kjersti Lisbeth
Published: June 2015

I denne artikkelen vil vi først presentere ny kunnskap om hvilke læringsarenaer og læringsaktiviteter som blir benyttet i de yrkesfaglige utdanningsprogrammene Restaurant- og matfag (RM) og Helse og oppvekstfag (HO) basert på en systematisk observasjonskartlegging. Kartleggingen er gjennomført ved hjelp av studenter ved yrkesfaglærerutdanningen (YFL) i RM- og HO-fag ved Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus i deres pedagogiske praksisperioder. Undersøkelsen omfatter drøyt 90 ukesobservasjoner av ulike RM- og HO-klasser i videregående skole over en periode på tre år. Resultatet av kartleggingen viser at elevene i RM- og HO-fag tilbringer svært ulik tid i klasserom, i verksteder eller i ekstern praksis. HO-elevene benytter i stor grad klasserom og noe praksis utenfor skolen mens RM-elevene benytter først og fremst verksteder på skolen og mindre tid i klasserom og ekstern praksis. I klasserommet benyttes stort sett de samme læringsaktivitetene enten elevene gjennomfører RM- eller HO-fag. Deretter sammenlikner vi resultatene fra kartleggingsundersøkelsen med data fra Analyser av Lærlingeundersøkelsen i 2011 og 2013 som sier noe om hvor godt lærlinger i RM og HO-fag mener seg forberedt til læretiden. Noe uventet opplever HO-læringene seg bedre forberedt enn det RM-lærlingene gjør på tross av mindre praksis i den skolebaserte yrkesopplæringen. Til slutt diskuterer vi ulike forhold som kan ha betydning for dette resultatet og konkluderer med at det ikke nødvendigvis er graden av teori eller praksis i den skolebaserte yrkesopplæringen som er viktig, men hvordan teori og praksis integreres og om opplæringen er relevant for senere læretid.
Influence of Food on Paediatric Gastrointestinal Drug Absorption Following Oral Administration: A Review
Authors: Batchelor Hannah
Published: June 2015

The objective of this paper was to review existing information regarding food effects on drug absorption within paediatric populations. Mechanisms that underpin food–drug interactions were examined to consider potential differences between adult and paediatric populations, to provide insights into how this may alter the pharmacokinetic profile in a child. Relevant literature was searched to retrieve information on food–drug interaction studies undertaken on: (i) paediatric oral drug formulations; and (ii) within paediatric populations. The applicability of existing methodology to predict food effects in adult populations was evaluated with respect to paediatric populations where clinical data was available. Several differences in physiology, anatomy and the composition of food consumed within a paediatric population are likely to lead to food–drug interactions that cannot be predicted based on adult studies. Existing methods to predict food effects cannot be directly extrapolated to allow predictions within paediatric populations. Development of systematic methods and guidelines is needed to address the general lack of information on examining food–drug interactions within paediatric populations.
Volcanisme et climat (Volcanic activity and climate)
Authors: Leroux Marcel
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Les éruptions volcaniques, par les projections d'aérosols silicates et sulfatés dans la stratosphère, sont responsables d'une diminution du rayonnement solaire direct et d'un refroidissement de surface dans les mois qui suivent les projections. Les conséquences climatiques ne sont pas spatialement uniformes et ne suivent pas immédiatement les projections. Ce délai résulte du temps plus ou moins long mis par les aérosols pour parvenir dans les hautes latitudes, aux sources mêmes des échanges méridiens par les AMP. Le déficit thermique polaire accru augmente alors la puissance des AMP, vecteurs du froid, et entraîne le durcissement du temps associé à leur passage. Le volcanisme apparaît ainsi parmi les facteurs primordiaux des changements climatiques.
Les plateformes gypseuses et les tertres de source de la région de 'Ayn al Zarqa (Syrie du Nord) (Gypseous platforms and spring mounds near 'Ayn al Zarqa (North Syria))
Authors: Besançon Jacques , Geyer Bernard , Muhesen S. , Rousset M.-O.
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Au sud-est d'Alep, des sources artésiennes ont édifié des tertres qu'entourent des plateformes couvrant environ 800 km2. La circulation souterraine anime des processus de suffosion : d'où des dolines, des « cratères » et des vasques. Ces tertres ont attiré les chasseurs de l'Epipaléolithique. Les Byzantins quant à eux ont aménagé des qanats pour transférer les eaux artésiennes vers la plaine occidentale à vocation céréalière.
La ville entre nature et artifice : perspectives de l'environnement urbain (City between nature and artifice : perspectives of urban environment)
Authors: Charles Lionel
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - Nature and artifice are not as much opposed as they are related dialectically, where from the notion of environment which associates both terms, has come out. The intense craving for nature which characterizes our urban civilization can be understood as the expression of frustrations and fears born from the confrontation with an environment bearing the increasing weight of mechanization and technics, the products of which the city also is. This relative inadequacy basically expresses a deep political deficit. The substitution of the notion of environment to nature, its reflexive character in the implicit reference to a subject-actor stress the potential role of the individual and show the way for urban and territorial politics giving their full place to its relation dynamics.
Les forêts urbaines et péri-urbaines : des modèles à réinventer ? (Urban and suburban forests : new patterns ?)
Authors: Dubois Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - Two approaches of forest management, one in Europa and another in North America, apply to urban and suburban forests. In Europa the patterns which characterize the interaction between forests and towns are complex and are not always the cause of the decline of forest ecosystems (cf. examples of Bruxelles and Berlin). In North America, the contradiction between production and conservation forestry are close to the opposition between completely artificial urban forests (example of Québec) and ancient seminatural woods which exist near the town center (example natural park "Scarpe-Escaut" (North of France), from 1970 to nowadays, emphasized the new functions of suburban forests.
Politiques d'emploi et territoires (Employment policies and territories)
Authors: Séchet Raymonde
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - De la diversification des acteurs impliqués dans la lutte contre le chômage et de l'évolution des formes d'intervention, découle une géographie des politiques de l'emploi marquée par la complexité : inégalement répartie dans l'espace, plus importante et plus variée en milieu urbain, l'offre d'insertion par l'économique est le reflet des structures économiques locales et de l'inégale mobilisation des acteurs ; l'insertion a créé ses propres découpages qu'il s'agit aujourd'hui de mettre en cohérence et d'adapter aux besoins d'une gestion de proximité ; par les partenariats sur lesquels ils reposent, les dispositifs actuels sont créateurs de territoires. Les projets de développement social local qui sont pilotés au nom de la citoyenneté comportent aussi des risques de repli sur l'espace de proximité, et donc d'exclusion.
Les femmes dans l'agglomération caennaise : activités, emploi, chômage, insertion (Women in Caen agglomeration : activities, employment, unemployment, integration)
Authors: Hérin Robert , Milcent Jean-François
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - L'agglomération de Caen, 200000 habitants au recensement de 1999, illustre de façon exemplaire les changements économiques et urbains survenus dans les villes moyennes françaises. L'augmentation considérable du nombre et du rôle des femmes dans les activités économiques constitue l'un de ces changements majeurs. A en juger par les projets professionnels et par les modalités de l'insertion des jeunes Caennaises, ce changement, qui se poursuit, devrait continuer à réduire les différences entre femmes et hommes face à l'emploi. Cependant des inégalités subsistent, dont témoignent l'éventail des professions exercées, les disparités des taux de chômage, ou encore la marginalisation par rapport à l'emploi de bon nombre de femmes appartenant aux catégories sociales défavorisées.
Subtrochanteric Transverse Shortening Osteotomy in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty Achieved Using a Modular Stem
Authors: Ogawa Hiroyasu , Ito Yoshiki , Shinozaki Masato , Matsumoto Kazu , Shimizu Katsuji
Published: June 2015

It is challenging to reconstruct normal hip motion after a high hip dislocation. Although total hip arthroplasty (THA) with shortening osteotomy is a solution for high hip dislocation, osteotomy nonunion is a major complication. To improve the rate of osteotomy union, subtrochanteric transverse shortening osteotomy was performed using a modular-type stem, S-ROM, that can be fixed to both the proximal and distal parts of the femur individually with a stepped proximal sleeve and polished distal flutes with fins, respectively. The stem can facilitate union of the osteotomy by maintaining rigid rotational stability and generating compression pressure between bone parts of the femur even in simple transverse osteotomy. Moreover, transverse osteotomy is technically simple and minimizes the damage of the periosteum at the osteotomy. In our series, this procedure was performed on 6 hips in 6 patients with high hip dislocation. The mean follow-up period was 8.1 years. Osteotomy union was achieved in all patients for a mean of 8.8 weeks. This procedure is a good option for surgical treatment of high hip dislocation.
Impacts négatifs d'une zone industrielle sur les eaux souterraines et sur le cheptel (Cas du Jorf Lasfar, Maroc) : approches pluridisciplinaires
Authors: ElHasnaoui B. , Younsi A. , Mountadar M. , GARMES H. , Mouhab A.
Published: June 2015

Dans la région étudiée, second pôle industriel du Maroc, les eaux souterraines représentent les seules ressources en eau pour l'alimentation quotidienne de la population rurale et pour l'abreuvement du cheptel. Les résultats des analyses physico-chimiques des eaux montrent que la majorité des puits suivis dépassent les normes de l'OMS relatives à la qualité de l'eau. En effet, la concentration des fluorures dans l'eau de ces villages varie de 0,24 à 4,3 mg/l, ce qui semble être à l'origine de la fluorose dentaire observée chez le bétail de cette région. Les résultats de l'enquête épidémiologique réalisée sur le cheptel montrent une forte contamination par les fluorures générés, en grande partie, par les industries des phosphates. Plusieurs facteurs sont déterminants dans cette contamination, à savoir : approvisionnement en eau, durée d'exposition, approvisionnement en aliments, proximité des industries,…
Dispositif d'étanchéité par géomembrane en polypropylène dans un centre d'enfouissement technique
Authors: Bloquet C. , Ballot J. , Matichard Y. , Gisbert T. , Dubernard A. , Potie G. , Shah A.
Published: June 2015

As part of the expansion of the waste landfill located in Saint-Fraimbault (Mayenne), a research and development programme on the use of polypropylene geomembrane for geomembrane lining systems to be installed in these sites has been set up. The research and development programme, being carried out within the framework of the expansion of the Saint-Fraimbault landfill aims to analyse polypropylene geomembrane performances as part of the active barrier system and to define design and/or installation criteria.

Dans le cadre de l'extension du centre d'enfouissement technique (CET) de Saint-Fraimbault (Mayenne), un projet de recherche-développement relatif à l'utilisation de géomembrane en polypropylène pour les dispositifs d'étanchéité par géomembrane dans les CET a été mis en œuvre. L'objectif de ce projet est d'analyser les performances d'une telle géomembrane dans le dispositif de sécurité active d'un CET et de définir des critères de dimensionnement et/ou de mise en œuvre.
Modélisation du comportement à long terme de déchets industriels ultimes stabilisés confinés dans un stockage
Authors: Billard Hervé , Bouchelaghem Abdelkrim , Côme Bernard , Viennot Pascal
Published: June 2015

The long term behaviour of ultimate industrial waste was modellid by considering a “source term” made of stabilized waste, and a “transfer compartment” consists of a clay layer acting as a passive barrier between the waste and the aquifer underlying the disposal site. The possible pollutant release from the stabilized waste is accounted for via the diffusion of non-sorbeb species, so as chloride ions. The transfert of these pollutants throught the clay barrier is the result of the complete set up transport mechanisms through porous media, i.e. convection, diffusion and dispersion. Ion-exchange phenomena inside the clay barrier are also taken into account by instantaneous reversible adsorption mechanism. The first results of this modelling work highlights the respective influences of the waste stabilization, the disposal lay-out, the geochemical interaction phenomena within the clay barrier, and the properties of the underlying aquifer. Furthermore, this first set of calculations about no-retarded species (chloride ions) show that it should be possible, in all cases, to select appropriate combinations for the “stabilized waste + active barriers +passive barriers” system so that safety criteria (such as drinking water quality standards for the aquifer underlying the disposal site) can be met at any time.

Le comportement à long terme des stockages de résidus industriels ultimes fait l'objet de travaux de modélisation incluant un terme source, constitué par des produits stabilisés et un terme transfert, constitué par une barrière argileuse servant d'écran passif entre les déchets et un aquifère circulant sous le stockage. Les éventuelles émissions provenant du déchet stabilisé sont représentées par une diffusion d'ions non retardés tels que les ions chlorures. Les transports de polluants, au travers de la barrière cumulent l'ensemble des moteurs du transport en milieux poreux à savoir, la convection, la diffusion et la dispersion. Les mécanismes d'échanges d'ions sont également pris en compte sous forme d'adsorption instantanée et réversible. Les premiers résultats de simulation mettent en évidence l'influence propre de la stabilisation, du mode de stockage, des phénomènes d'interactions géochimiques de la barrière argileuse et de la qualité de l'aquifère sous-jacent. De plus, ces premiers calculs sur des espèces non retardées (de type chlorure) montrent qu'il devrait être toujours possible de trouver une ou plusieurs combinaisons du système « déchet stabilisé-barrières actives-barrières passives » telles que les critères de sûreté soient constamment vérifiés (potabilité des eaux des aquifères sous-jacents par exemple).
Dispositifs d'étanchéité par géosynthétique bentonitique au C.E.T. des Hautes Gayeulles (Rennes)
Authors: Didier Gérard , Norotte Véronique , Deburaux Marc , Divanac'h Loïc
Published: June 2015

The geosynthetics clay liner are factory manufactured products use for as hydraulic barriers, consisting of a small permeability bentonite layer sandwiched between geotextiles and/or geomenbrane, wich are held together by stitches, needlepunching or adhesive. A « Bentomat » GCL (needlepunched) was used as liner, cover and on the stopes of the waste landfill of Hautes-Gayeulles. lt is presented here a description of the liner systems, the quality control of the GCL, its placement and the field testing performed on the cover.

Les géosynthétiques bentonitiques sont des produits manufacturés servant de barrière hydraulique et formés par une couche de bentonite de faible perméabilité, comprise entre des géotextiles et/ou une géomembrane, l'ensemble étant cousu, aiguilleté ou collé. Un géosynthétique bentonitique de type Bentomat (aiguilleté) a été utilisé comme couche étanche dans les différents dispositifs d'étanchéité mis en place en fond, parois et couverture d'un casier au centre d'enfouissement technique des Hautes-Gayeulles. Nous présentons ci-après une description de ces dispositifs, les contrôles effectués sur le géosynthétique bentonitique et sa pose et enfin l'expérimentation réalisée sur la couverture.
Détermination des formes du carbone organique dans les déchets. Application aux mâchefers d'ordures ménagères (MIOM)
Authors: Pepin Guillaume , Bartet Bernard , Nomine Michel
Published: June 2015

This study proposes a reliable alternative to the loss on ignition. Several specific analytical technics and the preparation of the samples are tested on MSW incineration bottom ashes. The carbon dry oxidation methods with a sensible detector for C02 are the best suited.

Cette étude propose une alternative fiable à la perte au feu. Plusieurs techniques analytiques spécifiques et les modes de préparation des échantillons sont testés pour des mâchefers d'UIOM Les méthodes d'oxydation par voie sèche, munies d'un détecteur sensible pour le dosage du C02 sont les mieux adaptées.