bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectral Analysis of the Effects of Variation in Electrodes' Area for Dielectric Barrier Discharge Actuator
Authors: Abd Aseel Kamel , Abbas Qusay Adnan
Published: May 2023

In this work, one configuration was used to study the electrical discharge resulting from the dielectric barrier. This configuration consists of a sheet of epoxy/Al composite with dimensions of 75 mm in length, 25 mm in width, and 3 mm in thickness. This panel is located at the center of the electrodes, so that the distance between each of the electrodes and the plate is 2 mm and plasma is generated at these distances. The relationship between voltage and current with changing the frequency of the equipment as well as changing the area of ​​exposure to the upper electrode or changing its length has been studied. The length of the top electrode varies at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm from the center of the electrodes producing exposure areas of 1875, 1625, 1375, 1125, 875, and 625 mm2, respectively. Two frequencies of 8 and 9 kHz were applied in this work. The results showed that the discharge current increases linearly with the applied input voltage and with the decrease of the exposure of the upper electrode. Then, the current increases with the stability of the voltage in varying proportions depending on the exposure area and frequency. The plasma generated from this modulation was diagnosed with the exposure area and the fitted frequency. Electron temperature and electron density are calculated using the optical emission spectroscopy technique by Boltzmann and Lorenz, respectively. It can be seen that the temperature, electron density, and plasma frequency increase with the decrease of the exposure area, while the Debye length shows the opposite behavior and this is clear in this formation and high effectiveness at Diagnosis and Reason This formation will be adopted in the surface treatment of the aluminum epoxy compound.
Structural and Morphological Properties of as-Deposited and Heat -Treated Composite (CuPc/Alq3) Thin Films
Authors: Hassan Zahraa Majed , Abdulameer Ameer F.
Published: May 2023

In this work, an organic semiconductor of copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) and Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (III) (Alq3) were entirely dissolved in chloroform with various mixing ratios (1:0,0.75:0.25,0.5:0.5,0.25:0.75,0:1) (w/w) to make thin films. They were deposited on a pre-cleaned glass using a spin-coating process and heat-treated at 473 K in vacuum. X-ray diffraction and a scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the films. XRD analysis reveals that CuPc/Alq3 composites have a polymorphic structure, with the exception of Alq3's amorphous structure, the crystallinity increases after annealing, but decreases when the concentration of Alq3 is increased. The quantity of (CuPc) rod-like structure and (Alq3) grain-like islands structure depends on the percentage of the combination. The compositional parameters of as-deposited and annealed thin films were explained using EDX data, which revealed that the sample was close to the nominal composition.
Performance Evaluation of Chestnut Nano Particles on Tensile, Impact, Vickers Hardness of Polyester/Glass Fiber Composite
Authors: Hussein Samah M. , Rasheed Zaynab N.
Published: May 2023

In this study, an industrial source) E-Glass fiber) and a natural source (chestnut filler) were combined to improve the properties of polyesters. Hand-layup technique was applied in this work. Polyester (UPE) were reinforced with E-glass fibers, then reinforced with nano chestnut particles. All composites were prepared with (10% wt.) of E-glass for all prepared sheet and this ratio applied for Nano chestnut composite to preparing nano hybrid composites, Nano chestnut particles were used to reinforce E-glass/UPE composites with weight ratio (3%, 6% and 9% wt.). The evaluated mechanical performances for E-glass/NCSP polyester composite were tensile strength, impact strength and hardness. The higher ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus and impact strength was appeared for the E-glass/UPE composite with 3%wt nano chestnut filler only. While the composites with 6% and 9% wt. showed failure in these properties. Hardness property was high with the three percentage addition of nano powder of chestnut.
Depositional Setting of the Jeribe Formation in Selected Subsurface Sections, Northern Iraq
Authors: Ibraheem Muwafaq S. , Kareem Yaseen S. , Salih Abdulsalam M.
Published: May 2023

The current research studies the depositional setting of the Jeribe Formation in the south Mosul area of northern Iraq, which is tectonically located in the Low Folded Zone characterized by the deposition of limestone and marly limestone of the Jeribe Formation during the Middle Miocene. Petrography has provided a diversity of fauna such as benthonic foraminifera (Miliolid, Peneroplis sp., Dendritina sp. and Borelis melo curdica) in addition to Red Algae and Mollusca. The Jeribe carbonates were affected by various diagenetic processes such as dolomitization, neomorphism, cementation, anhydritization, compaction and dissolution. Many microfacies have been identified, including lime mudestone, wackestone, packstone and Milioldal grainstone, with eight submicrofacies (Non-Fossiliferous lime mudstone, Benthonic lime mudstone, Fossiliferous wackestone, Red Algal wackestone, Milioldal packstone, Fossiliferous packstone, Green Algal packstone and Red Algal packstone). Depending on microfacies analysis, the Jeribe Formation was deposited in restricted and open marine environments within an interior platform setting.
Petrography of Sandston Units in Gercus Formation, Shaqlawa and Dokan areas Northern Iraq
Authors: Nusaif Alaa K. , Khwedim Kareem H.
Published: May 2023

The present study deals with the petrographic investigations revealed that the sandstone of Gercus Formation the studied samples of sandstone units composed primarily of rock fragments (sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic), quartz grains (monocrystalline and polycrystalline), and feldspars (orthoclase, microcline and plagioclase). These components are cemented by carbonate and iron oxides. The studied sandstones are classified as litharenites, Sandstone rocks of Gercus Formation  are chemically and mechanically unstable due to the high percentage of rock fragments ,such a grain assemblage infers that the source of the rock fragments is nearby. The petrographic analyses indicate that the studied sandstones are immature mineralogically because of high content of unstable components, such as lithic fragments and feldspars. the tectonic provenance for Gercus formation can be described as lithic recycled.
Detection of A Possible Subsurface Water Seepage Using 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging Survey at a site in Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: AL-Mahemmdi Waleed D. , Al-Banna Ahmed Sh. , AL-Menshed Firas H.
Published: May 2023

Unknown subsurface leaking water sources and possible subsurface seepage from a sewage tank in a garden at Al-Khawarizmi engineering college, University of Baghdad, were detected in this study. The 2D electrical resistivity imaging. The ERI survey is carried out along two lines, 60m and 50m long, with an electrode spacing of 1 m, forming a cross using the Wenner-Schlumberger array configuration. Line 1 is 60m, while line 2 is 50m. Soil samples were collected from line 1 at positions of electrode 34, which shows a high resistivity value, and electrode 55, which shows low resistivity, for laboratory analysis. Robust inversion and modelling processes showed relative change and high contrast in interpreted resistivities. Soil analysis showed a general homogeneity in mineral content and sediment type. Therefore, the relatively high contrast was related to variations in water content. The low resistivity was caused due to the water seepage from the sewage tank, which was precisely located.
On The extension Bi-Normality of Linear Operators
Authors: Hijab Anas A. , Abdulwahid Elaf S.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we introduce the bi-normality set, denoted by , which is an extension of the normality set, denoted by  for any operators  in the Banach algebra . Furthermore, we show some interesting properties and remarkable results. Finally, we prove that it is not invariant via some transpose linear operators.
Another Type of Fuzzy Inner Product Space
Authors: Sabri Raghad I. , Ahmed Buthainah A. A.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we generalize the definition of fuzzy inner product space that is introduced by Lorena Popa and Lavinia Sida on a complex linear space. Certain properties of the generalized fuzzy inner product function are shown. Furthermore, we prove that this fuzzy inner product produces a Nadaban-Dzitac fuzzy norm. Finally, the concept of orthogonality is given and some of its properties are proven.
Doubly Type II Censoring of Two Stress-Strength System Reliability Estimation for Generalized Exponential-Poisson Distribution
Authors: AbdAwon Hajer M , Karam Nada S
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a Bayesian analysis is made to estimate the Reliability of two stress-strength model systems. First: the reliability  of a one component strengths X under stress Y. Second, reliability  of one component strength under three stresses. Where X and Y are independent generalized exponential-Poison random variables with parameters (α,λ,θ) and (β,λ,θ) . The analysis is concerned with and based on doubly type II censored samples using gamma prior under four different loss functions, namely   quadratic loss function, weighted loss functions,  linear and non-linear exponential loss function. The estimators are compared by mean squared error criteria due to a simulation study. We also find that the mean square error is the best performance of the estimator from that found in  quadratic, weighted, linear and non-linear exponential loss functions.
Classification of the Projective Line over Galois Field of Order 31
Authors: Al-Seraji Najm Abdulzahra Makhrib , Essa Ahmed Khallaf
Published: May 2023

Our research is related to the projective line over the finite field, in this paper, the main purpose is to classify the sets of size K on the projective line PG (1,31), where K = 3,…,7 the number of inequivalent K-set with stabilizer group by using the GAP Program is computed.
Intra Specific Relationships and Biochemical Composition of Laportea Aestuans (L.) Chew, Sida Rhombifolia L. And Commelina Verginica L. in Lagos State
Authors: E. Ani  , Ofodile L. N. , Nwakanma N. M. C. , A. Saanu  , Ayodeji A. A. , Emeronye I. G. , Balogun R. I. , Ikutegbe G.
Published: May 2023

Laportea aestuans L. (Chew), Commelina virginica (L.) and Sida rhombifolia (L.) are common wild plants used in treating several ailments including diarrhea, dysentery, hernia, oedema, ulcers and many more in traditional African medicine especially, Nigeria. The potentials of Random Amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers in delimiting intra-specific variation in L. aestuans, C. virginica and S. rhombifolia was assessed using three RAPD primers. Plant and soil samples were collected from 19 local government areas in Lagos State and assessed for genetic and biochemical relationships. A total of 56 bands were produced of which 44 were polymorphic. Maximum number of bands (21) was produced by OPY20 while OPC04 produced minimum number of bands (14). The maximum and minimum percentage polymorphisms were 100% (OPC04) and 50% (OPA12), The dendrogram of genetic diversity had a genetic distance range of 0.57 to 1.00, 0.58 to 1.00 and 0.52 to 1.00 and clustered at 0.57, 0.58, 0.52 implying 57%, 58%, 52% similarity and 43%, 42% and 48% variability for L. aestuans, C. virginica and S. rhombifolia respectively. Results of phytochemical analysis show that S. rhombifolia is particularly high in steroids (I134.19±0.23), flavonoids (118.65±0.18), phenolics (125.25±1.43), alkaloids (63.56±0.11) and triterpenes (72.44±0.12) but low in saponins (23.29±0.05), glycosides (6.79±0.01) and tannins (7.10±0.02).
Discrete Optimal Control Mathematical Model of Diabetes Population
Authors: Nasif Hadeel Hussein , Al-Nassir Sadiq
Published: May 2023

In this work, nonlinear diabetes controlled model with and without complications in a population is considered. The dynamic behavior of diabetes in a population by including a constant control is studied and investigated. The existence of all its possible fixed points is investigated as well as the conditions of the local stability of the considered model are set. We also find the optimal control strategy in order to reduce the number of people having diabetes with complications over a finite period of time. A numerical simulation is provided and confirmed the theoretical results.
Numerical and Analytical Solutions of Space-Time Fractional Partial Differential Equations by Using a New Double Integral Transform Method
Authors: AL-Safi Mohammed G. S. , AL-Hussein Wurood R. Abd , Fawzi Rand Muhand
Published: May 2023

This work discusses the beginning of fractional calculus and how the Sumudu and Elzaki transforms are applied to fractional derivatives. This approach combines a double Sumudu-Elzaki transform strategy to discover analytic solutions to space-time fractional partial differential equations in Mittag-Leffler functions subject to initial and boundary conditions. Where this method gets closer and closer to the correct answer, and the technique's efficacy is demonstrated using numerical examples performed with Matlab R2015a.
Stabilizability of Riccati Matrix Fractional Delay Differential Equation
Authors: Hanan Ibtisam Kamil , Al-Taie Fatimah , Fadhel Fadhel S.
Published: May 2023

In this article, the backstepping control scheme is proposed to stabilize the fractional order Riccati matrix differential equation with retarded arguments in which the fractional derivative is presented using Caputo's definition of fractional derivative. The results are established using Mittag-Leffler stability. The fractional Lyapunov function is defined at each stage and the negativity of an overall fractional Lyapunov function is ensured by the proper selection of the control law. Numerical simulation has been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme for stabilizing such type of Riccati matrix differential equations.
Residual Network with Attention to Neural Cells Segmentation
Authors: Abbas Rabab Farhan , Abdulmunim Matheel Emaduldeen
Published: May 2023

Many neuroscience applications, including understanding the evolution of the brain, rely on neural cell instance segmentation, which seeks to integrate the identification and segmentation of neuronal cells in microscopic imagery. However, the task is complicated by cell adhesion, deformation, vague cell outlines, low-contrast cell protrusion structures, and background imperfections. On the other hand, existing segmentation approaches frequently produce inaccurate findings. As a result, an effective strategy for using the residual network with attention to segment cells is suggested in this paper. The segmentation mask of neural cells may be accurately predicted. This method is built on U-net, with EfficientNet serving as the encoder's backbone. The attention approach is employed in the detection and segmentation modules to guide the model's attention to the most valuable features. A massive collection of neural cell microscopic images tests the proposed method. According to the findings of the experiments, this technology can accurately detect and segment neuronal cell occurrences with an intersection over the union IoU of 95.47 and a Dice-Coeff of 98.34, which is superior to current state-of-the-art approaches.
New Approach of Generating Ground-Truth for Local Surveillance Dataset Tested with Benchmark Background Subtraction Models
Authors: Yasir Maryam A. , Ali Yossra H.
Published: May 2023

Background subtraction is the dominant approach in the domain of moving object detection. Lots of research has been done to design or improve background subtraction models. However, there are a few well-known and state-of-the-art models that can be applied as a benchmark. Generally, these models are applied to different dataset benchmarks. Most of the time, choosing an appropriate dataset is challenging due to the lack of dataset availability and the tedious process of creating ground-truth frames for the sake of quantitative evaluation. Therefore, in this article, we collected local video scenes of a street and river taken by a stationary camera, focusing on dynamic background challenges. We presented a new technique for creating ground-truth frames using modeling, composing, tracking, and rendering each frame. Eventually, we applied three promising algorithms used in this domain: GMM, KNN, and ViBe, to our local dataset. Results obtained by quantitative evaluations revealed the effectiveness of our new technique for generating the ground-truth scenes to be benchmarked with the original scenes using a number of statistical metrics.
Study of the Stimulating and Attractive Factors of Oviposition of Culex pipiens (Diptera; Culicidae) in Different Environments
Authors: Saliha Benhissen , Zakaria Hedjouli , Yagoub Asloum Abdelmadjid , Fatiha Masna , Siham Bounadji , Wafa Habbachi
Published: May 2023

The study of the chemical and physical factors that induce egg-laying is important for understanding mosquitoes' ecology. These substances may also help assess and control mosquito populations. With this in mind, we have highlighted the attractiveness of Culex pipiens gravid females concerning the containers' color and surface, which has enabled us to show that females of this species are always attracted to large containers of yellow. The ethological tests were made with four biopesticides on the attractiveness of C. pipiens females. It has been observed that the highest densities of the eggs are deposited in the container which contains the biopesticides extracts compared to that which includes the spring water with a significant difference between the two environments (p: 1.00). This choice is due to the presence of odorous molecules which attract the mosquito.
Using K-mean Clustering to Classify the Kidney Images
Authors: Hassan Enass Hammadi , Ali Alyaa Hussein , Shehab Russul Mohammad , Alrida Walaa Ahmad Abd , Mahdi Mohammad Salih
Published: May 2023

This study has applied digital image processing on three-dimensional C.T. images to detect and diagnose kidney diseases.  Medical images of different cases of kidney diseases were compared with those of   healthy cases. Four different kidneys disorders, such as stones, tumors (cancer), cysts, and renal fibrosis were considered in additional to healthy tissues. This method helps in differentiating between the healthy and diseased kidney tissues. It can detect tumors in its very early stages, before they grow large enough to be seen by the human eye. The method used for segmentation and texture analysis was the k-means with co-occurrence matrix. The k-means separates the healthy classes and the tumor classes, and the affected parts were isolated from the healthy parts. To isolate the kidney from the other anatomical parts in a CT image, a mask must be generated, which is a binary image (0s or 1s). This mask was also utilized to remove undesired characteristics from the images. Density slicing was utilized to color the image based on its texture density. A slice is considered a band of neighboring gray levels in a gray scale image seen through monocular color. The gray scale band of (0-255) is transformed into a variety of color slices; it is the conversion of a gray scale image to a colored image that efficiently displays symmetric and diverse regions. Density slicing is a property process for segmentation. The unsupervised classification process, the K-Mean clustering, is used the application of K-mean on C.T. images to detect and classify the type of tumor in the kidney. The K-mean clustering separates each class depending on the texture properties and the distance from each class and color. This method of segmentation was used to separate the affected part from the healthy part of the tissue; the K-mean with Co-occurrence matrices gives statistical properties such as energy, homogeneity, contrast, and correlation. These give an indication of the nature of the tissues that are different in density. The standard deviation for the cancer was higher than the stone, so was the mean, the contrast and the correlation. This means that the texture of the cancer was brighter and has a none of grey level more than the stone and this can be seen from the energy value; the texture of the cancer was highly correlated. This method proved to be a good method for the early diagnosis.
Prediction of Daily Maximum Air Temperature for Transitional Seasons by Statistical Methods in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Samarrai Hayder M. , Al-Jiboori Monim H.
Published: May 2023

Predicting the maximum temperature is of great importance because it is related to various aspects of life, starting from people’s lives and their comfort, passing through the medical, industrial, agricultural and commercial fields, as well as concerning global warming and what can result from it. Thus, the historical observations of maximum and minimum air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity were analyzed in this work. In Baghdad, the climatic variables were recorded on clear sky days dawn at 0300 GMT for the period between (2005-2020). Using weather station's variables multiple linear regression equation, their correlation coefficients were calculated to predict the daily maximum air temperature for any day during the transitional seasons (autumn, spring). By analyzing the results, a comparison was made between the expected and recorded maximum air temperature to improve the equation. The bias was tracked by analyzing the number of relative frequencies of the occurrence of these errors. (0.2 ) for the autumn season and (0.15 ) for the spring season was added to the multiple linear regression equation as a correction value.
User Oriented Calibration Method for Stonex X300 Terrestrial Laser Scanner
Authors: Abed Fanar M. , Jasim Luma K. , Bori Marwa M.
Published: May 2023

Terrestrial laser scanners (TLSs) are 3D imaging systems that provide the most powerful 3D representation and practical solutions for various applications. Hence this is due to effective range measurements, 3D point cloud reliability, and rapid acquisition performance. Stonex X300 TOF scanner delivered better certainty in far-range than in close-range measurements due to the high noise level inherent within the data delivered from Time of Flight (TOF) scanning sensors. However, if these errors are manipulated properly using a valid calibration model, more accurate products can be obtained even from very close-range measurements. Therefore, to fill this gap, this research presents a user-oriented target-based calibration routine to compute the calibration parameters of Stonex X300 TLS. The proposed routine investigates range and angular measurements to mitigate mechanical misalignment error sources of this device.
Distance and angular index errors were computed, and environmental error sources were considered for optimal modeling estimation. The approach is based to reference measurements in a close-range environment within a 10-meter distance to user-defined ground truth targets. Experiment results show that the errors in the distance are generally increased following the increase in range distance between the laser device and the targets. However, error variations between laser and reference measurements nearly constant relational to the range value. The index error of the Stonex X300 was computed based on mean measurements and found to be equal to 4.6717 mm.
On the other hand, the horizontal angular measurements delivered from the TLS device were found to be more consistent with the reference measurements than with thee vertical angular measurements. However, the vertical angular measurements show more significant variations in particular measures compared to horizontal angular measurements. Following this, the angular error index was computed and found to be equal to 0.07 seconds and 0.13 seconds in horizontal and vertical angular measurements, respectively.
Painterly Rendering by Using K-mean Segmentation
Authors: Foadi Raad Falih Hassan
Published: May 2023

The problem statement discussed in this paper is a new technique for the presentation of painterly rendering that uses a K-mean segmentation to divide the input image into a set of regions (depending on the grayscale of the regions). Segmenting the input image helps users use different brush strokes and easily change the strokes' shape, size, or orientation for different regions. Every region is painted using different brush kinds. The properties of the brush strokes are chosen depending on the region's details. The brush stroke properties, such as size, color, shape, location, and orientation, are extracted from the source image using statistical tools. The number of regions is set up manually and depends on the input image. This method allows the user to apply different painting styles to different regions and create a painterly rendering. MATLAB is used to render the images into paintings.
Antithyroid Peroxidase and Thyroid Hormones in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus
Authors: Fakri Yasameen Ali , Al-Jowari Suha Abdul-Khaliq
Published: May 2023

This study aims to investigate the relationship between thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO) and thyroid function tests (TSH, T3 and T4) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ninety women and men, with ages ranging between 35-65 years and weighing 60-80 kgs, were selected for this study. They were classified into three groups: G1 included 15 healthy control group, G2 had15 patients with T2DM and G3 had 60 patients with T2DM and hypothyroidism. Blood samples were collected from each individual via vein puncture to assess thyroid hormone and TPO-Ab. The results showed highly significant (p < 0.01) increase in TSH level in the diabetic group with hypothyroidism when compared to the other groups. There was no significant difference between diabetic and control groups. T4 and T3 levels showed highly significant (p<0.01) decrease in the diabetic group with hypothyroidism when compared to the diabetic and healthy control groups.  On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the diabetic and healthy control groups. The results showed highly significant (p < 0.01) increase in the TPO-AB level in diabetic group with hypothyroidism when compared with the diabetic and healthy control groups.
Evaluation of Hematological Factors and Micronutrients Among Children Infected with Enterobius vermicularis
Authors: Akram Haneen Esam , Al-Warid Harith Saeed
Published: May 2023

Malnutrition, anemia, and micronutrient deficits may be associated with Enterobius vermicularis infection. Hence, the subject has recently received a lot of attention. The goal of this study was to analyse the nutritional, hematological and micronutrient status of children infected with E. vermicularis. This research was carried out in Baghdad from October 2021 to the end of March 2022. The study comprised 100 children of both sexes, ranging in age from 3-16 years. All individuals nutritional status was assessed using the weight-for-age Z score and the height-for-age Z score. As well as cellophane tape samples and blood samples were collected from all individuals. The cellophane tape samples were examined under microscope for E. vermicularis detection. Whereas blood samples were processed to assess many factors which were: haemoglobin, ferritin, total binding capacity (TIBC), serum iron, serum zinc and serum magnesium. Results revealed significant correlations between E. vermicularis infection occurrence and each of age and gender, even though most infections were noticed among females and among those who were between 3-9 years. The results also showed that the nutritional status, based on weight for age Z score, was significantly (P˂0.05) related to E. vermicularis occurence. Moreover haemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, serum zinc and serum magnesium were noted to have significantly (P˂0.05) decreased among those who were E. vermicularis positive compared with E. vermicularis negative group. While total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) increased significantly among E. vermicularis positive children. The current investigation revealed that E. vermicularis infection had significant implications on several haematological elements, as well as stunting nutritional shortages. As a result, a lower prevalence of intestinal parasite infection (particularly enterobiasis) among children would almost certainly benefit their growth, development and educational outcomes.
Effect of Fusaric Acid (FA) Bio-stress on Certain Morphological Parameters for Potato (Solanum tuberosum. L) Cultivars in Vitro
Authors: Altinawi E. A. , Albiski F. , Faddoul J.
Published: May 2023

The experiment was carried out with the aim of studying the effect of biological stress on some morphological parameters of ten varieties of potatoes grown in vitro. Biological stress was applied by adding different concentrations of fusaric acid (0, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mM), to the growth medium MS, and some growth parameters were measured, such as plant height (cm), number of leaves (leaf/plant¹), leaf area (mm²), number of roots (root.plant¹) and length it (cm), wet and dry weight of the plant (g). The results showed that the studied varieties were different in the response to biological stress according to the studied parameters. The addition of fusaric acid led to reduce all growth parameters compared with the control. The cluster analysis showed that based on the sum of the relative values ​​of the studied growth parameters, the studied varieties were distributed in three different groups: The first group includes three tolerant varieties to biological stress, and these are Toronto, Barcelona, and Suria). The second group includes four Moderate varieties of bio-stress, and these are Fabulla, Nectare, Spunta, and Ardappel. The third group included the following sensitive varieties, 7-four-7, Farida, and Joly. The results indicate that the in vitro screening technology can be used as a fast and efficient method to investigate the genetic variation of biological stress tolerance in potatoes.
Genetic Polymorphism of TLR5 and TLP6 in Iraqi Patients with Heart Failure Disease
Authors: Abed Reema Mohammed , Abdulmalek Hadeel Waleed , Yaaqoob Laith Ahmad , Altaee Maha Fakhry , Kamona Zaid K.
Published: May 2023

In spite of the high rate of morbidity and mortality heart failure (HF) is common, and none of the medications are now entirely available for HF treatment. In addition to many environmental influences and clinical diseases, genetic factors may also contribute to the progression and development of HF.  In the current study, samples of blood were collected from 150 heart failure patients and 130 healthy controls. We evaluated the association of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of Toll-like receptors (TLR6 and TLR5) with (HF) susceptibility in the Iraqi population. In this work, (SNP) called Toll-like receptor 5 (rs5744168, rs2072493) and Toll-like receptor 6 (rs1039559, rs5743810) were employed. (PCR-RFLP) for snps (rs5744168, rs2072493, and re5743810), and sequencing for snps were used to assess the allele and genotype frequencies in both the patient and control groups (rs1039559). In patients with heart failure and healthy controls, a significant difference was discovered in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of snps. From our results, we suggest that these snps act as a potential predisposing factor for HF development.
مستجدات قانون تنظيم الوكالة التجارية العراقي رقم (79) لسنة 2017 (دراسة قانونية تحليلية)
Authors: Najeeb Ibrahim Najeeba , Mohammed Asaad Halmat
Published: May 2023

تتمتع الوكالات التجارية بأهمية كبيرة نتيجة دورها الكبير في عملية الانماء الاقتصادي وزيادة فرص العمل في المجتمع، ونظراً للتغيير الحاصل في النظام الاقتصادي من نظام اشتراكي شمولي الى نظام سوق الحر، جاء قانون تنظيم الوكالة التجارية العراقي رقم (79) لسنة 2017 بأحكام ونصوص جديدة لتنظيم الوكالات.

يهدف البحث الى دراسة أهم المستجدات والمشاكل التي أثارتها نصوص قانون تنظيم الوكالات التجارية العراقي الجديد، من حيث أنواع الوكالات التجارية وأحكامها والمنع الوارد بخصوص السلع والبضائع، وكيفية منح الإجازة والغاءها والعقوبات الجزائية والمالية، وذلك من خلال اتباع منهج تحليلي لاحكام قانون تنظيم الوكالة التجارية العراقي الجديد، حيث بيّن البحث الجوانب الإيجابية التي أضافتها أحكام القانون الجديد، والثغرات التي لا تزال قائمة في القانون.

انتهى البحث الى ضرورة قيام الجهات المعنية ومنها برلمان إقليم كوردستان- العراق بإصدار قانون جديد للوكالة التجارية لكي ينسجم مع واقع الوكالات التجارية في الإقليم، إضافة الى العمل مع مسجل الوكالات التجارية (الشركات) في بغداد لتذليل العقبات امام الوكالات العاملة في إقليم كوردستان.
التزامات الكيانات غير المعترف بها بموجب الاتفاقيات الدولية لحقوق الإنسان
Authors: Amin Mohammed Nawzad , Mohammed Rasheed Jotyar
Published: May 2023

تبرز بين الفينة والاخرى كيانات بحكم الأمر الواقع، تمارس على مجموعة من السكان وضمن حيز جغرافي معين معظم مظاهر السيادة الداخلية التي تمارسها الدولة العضو في المجتمع الدولي إلا انه لا يُنظر اليها بوصفها "اعضاءاً" في المجتمع الدولي يحق لها ما يحق لبقية اعضاء هذا المجتمع والبعض من هذه الكيانات يستمر في الوجود بوصفها هذا لفترة لا توصف بالقصيرة. 
        وبما أن القانون الدولي لحقوق الانسان, يهدف الى توفير الضمانات الاساسية للافراد تجاه تعسف سلطات "الدول" التي يخضعون لولايتها.  ففي حالة الكيانات غير المعترف بها تبقى الدولة الام هي الطرف الرسمي في اتفاقيات هذا القانون على الرغم من عدم ممارستها لاية سيطرة فعلية على الأقليم الذي يحكم نفسه بنفسه بحكم الامر الواقع, الامر الذي يبرز عدم جدوى استمرار فرض إلتزامات حقوق الإنسان على الدولة الام بموجب إتفاقيات حقوق الانسان فيما يخص الافراد الخاضعين لسلطة الكيان القائم بحكم الامر الواقع, بذلك تكتسب مسألة التزام الكيان الناشئ بحكم الامر الواقع بقواعد القانون الدولي لحقوق الانسان اهمية كبيرة بوصفه الجهة الوحيدة في ظل الظروف السائدة، التي بمقدورها توفير ضمانات حقوق الانسان للاشخاص الخاضعين لولايتها وبخلاف ذلك، يكتسي وضع حقوق الانسان في الكيان غير المعترف به غموض وخشية من عدم وجود جهة تتحمل التزامات حقوق الانسان ويمكن مساءلتها في حالة حدوث انتهاكات لحقوق الانسان وهو ما يضعف بلا شك من قيمة المعايير والضمانات الدولية لحقوق الانسان.
المسؤولية الدولية للكيانات غير المعترف بها عن إنتهاكات حقوق الإنسان
Authors: Amin Mohammed Nawzad , Mohammed Rasheed Jotyar
Published: May 2023

الكيانات غير المعترف بها تمارس السيطرة على أقاليمها وسكانها من خلال مؤسساتها وهياكلها التنظيمية الشبيهة بالهياكل التنظيمية للدول, وإنه من المحتمل حصول إنتهاكات لحقوق الإنسان في أقاليمها وضمن ولايتها القضائية شأنها في ذلك شأن الدول, ولذا السؤال يثار بشأن مدى إمكانية تحميل هذه الكيانات المسؤولية الدولية عن الأفعال أو الإغفالات التي تعد إنتهاكاً لحقوق الإنسان والتي تُنسب الى الأجهزة التابعة لها.
         وبما أنه من الممكن فرض إلتزامات معينة على الكيانات غير المعترف بها خاصة بموجب القانون الدولي العرفي لحقوق الإنسان, حيث تطور القانون الدولي لحقوق الإنسان وبات يعتبر وعلى نحو متزايد ان الجهات الفاعلة من غير الدول يمكن ان تكون ملزمة في ظروف معينة بالقانون الدولي لحقوق الإنسان، خاصة عندما تمارس درجة معينة من السيطرة على إقليم ما وسكانه, وبالتالي يمكن تحميل هذه الكيانات المسؤولية الدولية فيما يتعلق بإنتهاك تلك الإلتزامات. وبما أنه من المسلم به إن هذه الكيانات تتحمل الحد الادنى من إلتزامات حقوق الإنسان, لذا من الاهمية البحث في إمكانية تحميلها المسؤولية الدولية في حالة إنتهاكها لهذه الإلتزامات وذلك من خلال الرجوع الى القواعد العامة لنشوء المسؤولية الدولية والإحتجاج بها, وبيان مدى إنطباقها على هذه الكيانات غير المعترف بها.
Analisis Isi Instagram Polri pada Persiapan Arus Mudik Lebaran 2023
Authors: Susilo Daniel
Published: May 2023

Polri dengan arus mudik adalah satu kesatuan. Hal ini dikarenakan Polri merupakan baris depan dalam bertugas mengamankan arus mudik sepanjang libur lebaran di Indonesia. Ketika arus mudik sudah muncul, rawan kecelakaan dan macet merupakan konsep yang sudah melekat dan merupakan fenomena yang akrab dengan pemudik. Kendati wacana kendaraan listrik dan pengurangan macet masih diupayakan, Polri membuat keputusan dan program baru untuk menekan korban jiwa dari arus mudik serta kemacetan yang mengganggu jalan. Dengan analisis konten Krippendorf, analisis pada akun Instagram @divisihumaspolri menunjukkan inisiasi Polri memberikan Propaganda Putih untuk masyarakat terkait peraturan arus mudik. Propaganda Putih tersebut diberikan agar sosialisasi yang diberikan oleh Polri lebih mudah untuk dicerna.
Propaganda Online dalam Konflik Keberagaman di Kawasan Wisata Budaya dan Keagamaan
Authors: Suardana I Ketut Putu
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang propaganda media online dalam konflik keberagaman di kawasan wisata budaya dan keagamaan. Penelitian ini menjawab rumusan masalah yang berkaitan dengan penyebab, bentuk dan dampak propaganda media online dalam konflik keberagaman di kawasan wisata budaya dan keagamaan yang berlokasi di Dusun Ranget. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan Teori Kritis Habermas, Teori Resepsi Stuart Hall, Teori Perubahan Sikap Carl Hovland dan Teori Penguatan Joseph Kalapp. Metode penelitian secara kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data diperoleh menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan beberapa temuan berikut: Pertama, propaganda tidak hanya dilakukan oleh warga Dusun Ranget melainkan warga daerah lain. Hal ini disebabkan keberadaan Pura Ranget yang berada di kawasan wisata budaya dan keagamaan dianggap melanggar peraturan bersama Meteri Agama dan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 8 dan 9 tahun 2006 tanpa memperhatikan Pasal 28 Ayat 3 peraturan tersebut. Selain itu, propaganda juga disebabkan oleh keinginan melestarikan tradisi sasak yakni kemaliq, legalitas tanah tempat ibadah Pura Ranget yang berada di kawasan hutan dan jauh dari permukiman penduduk, upaya cari panggung berbagai oknum organisasi masyarakat, kemudahan akses media sosial di tengah kurangnya literasi media. Kedua, bentuk propaganada dengan cara membingkai (framing) pesan tertulis maupun foto dengan narasi tertulis melalui Facebook dan WhatsApp. Foto tersebut bernuansa provokatif, misalnya foto saat sholat dan dzikir di dalam area Pura Ranget. Selain itu propaganda dilakukan melalui media berbasis web seperti Blogspot yang dibingkai dalam bentuk cerita pendek (cerpen) dan pemberitaan lainnya. Ketiga, propaganda di media online berdampak pada kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan, hukum, ekonomi, religiusitas, dan berdampak pada komunikasi masyarakat.
Konstruksi Makna Kencan bagi Perempuan Pengguna Situs Pencarian Jodoh Bumble di Kota Cilegon
Authors: Hartani Hellya Sri , Malik Abdul , Putri Liza Diniarizky
Published: May 2023

Aplikasi kencan online kian populer di Indonesia terlebih sejak pandemi COVID-19. Aplikasi kencan semakin banyak digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk bersosial dan mencari pasangan. Aplikasi Bumble berbeda dengan aplikasi kencan lainnya, Bumble memberi kesempatan bagi wanita untuk proaktif membuka percakapan atau berkenalan. Fenomena kencan yang dilakukan oleh perempuan untuk mendapatkan jodohnya, membuat pergeseran makna pada kencan tradisional atau kencan pada zaman dahulu. Pemaknaan kencan yang dahulu perkenalan dilakukan terlebih dahulu oleh kaum laki-laki, namun saat ini perempuan tidak malu atau gengsi untuk memulai perkenalan terlebih dahulu. Hal ini menarik perhatian peneliti untuk mengetahui bagaimana konstruksi makna kencan di situs pencarian jodoh Bumble pada perempuan. Penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori computer mediated communication (CMC) dan teori konsruksi sosial Berger dan Luckmann. Dengan metodologi penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan pendekatan fenomenologi Alfred Schutz. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kontruktivis. Hasil penilitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan pengguna aplikasi Bumble di Kota Cilegon tidak gengsi untuk mengajak kencan pada laki-laki yang ia temui di aplikasi Bumble dan kencan yang dilakukan hanya sebuah hiburan.
Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Household Activities in Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Zumrotin Amelia , Setyowati Rr Diah Nugraheni , Nurmaningsih Dyah Ratri
Published: May 2023

The energy sector from household activities is one of the contributors to carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions. The increase in population is a factor that can increase greenhouse gas emissions. This study aims to determine the value of greenhouse gas emissions and to map greenhouse gas emission zones. This research is a quantitative descriptive. The sampling method is simple random sampling and emission zone mapping using ArcMap 10.6. The data in this study were obtained by using questionnaires and direct interviews with respondents. The emission sources analyzed in this study come from the consumption and type of motor vehicle fuel, the consumption and type of cooking fuel, and the consumption of electrical energy. The highest value of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from household activities in Bojonegoro Regency is Balen District with an emission value of 139,048 tons/year. Meanwhile, the lowest greenhouse gas emission is Sekar District with an emission value of 22.725 tons/year. The total emission from household activities in Bojonegoro Regency is 2048,355 tons/year. Emission zone mapping is mapped into 10 zones. Balen sub-district is a sub-district that has the highest CO2 emission value with an emission value of 139,048 tons/year. Sekar, Kasiman, and Kedewan sub-districts are classified as sub-districts that have low CO2 emission values with emission values of 22,725 tons/year, 32,041 tons/year, and 28,498 tons/year.
Solar Panel Energy With Smart Irrigation System
Authors: Rashmita Rashmita , Pathare Rushil , Gupta Vansaj , Nair Sreyas
Published: May 2023

In today’s climatic conditions such as unprecedented amounts of rain and frequent heat waves, cultivating has become a tedious task. Predicting nature’s next move is not easy but what we can do is minimize its effect on the yield. There are so many regions that receive excessive rainfall, suffer frequent flash floods and scorching heat. To adapt to these conditions, sensor networks can be deployed in the fields and the available resources should be used as efficiently as possible. In order to fulfill this requirement, power storage capable of storing energy efficiently from solar panels and an irrigation controller which monitors the land, be it for farm, gardening or horticulture with little to none intervention in certain aspects. The existing products in the market have proprietary parts, features and they don’t endorse cross-compatibility with other products. Keeping the design open source and easy to work promotes recycling and reparability something essential in the current time of global silicon shortage.

Farmers or gardeners often don’t know the amount of water and the intervals of irrigation for many exotic and domestic species of plants, they then end up growing crops such as wheat and rice which need flooding of the field, the cultivation of these species can be promoted and be made easy with the project. Telemetry and connected technologies are part of every system these days. The project monitors various parameters and depending on the conditions, will carry out necessary action such as irrigation in only amounts required by the field. This is possible through PWM control of motors coupled with valves.
Performance Evaluation of the Structure of the Klaten DPRD Building When Affected by a 7.0 Magnitude Earthquake
Authors: Hasibuan Samsul A Rahman Sidik , Karisma Dwifi Aprillia , Zhafira Talitha
Published: May 2023

Evaluation of structural performance in Indonesia has been carried out for several high-rise buildings as part of the owner's demands for safety guarantees to determine the level of security that the building has. A simple but accurate nonlinear analysis is needed to determine the structure's performance under earthquake loads. The capacity spectrum method (pushover analysis) documented in ATC 40 is a form of equivalent linearization based on two basic assumptions: secant period and equivalent damping. The performance point estimates where the capacity of the structure can withstand a given (demand) load; In terms of performance, the level of damage to the structure category based on lateral displacement can be seen. It is simulated that an earthquake will shake the Klaten DPRD building with a magnitude of 7.0 and 20 km from the epicenter. The amount of PGA(g) will be calculated based on the equation of Cornell et al. Building structure modeling was carried out with the help of ETABS v9.7.4.
Real-Time Image-Based Relative Pose Estimation and Filtering for Spacecraft Applications
Authors: Kaki Siddarth , Deutsch Jacob , Black Kevin , Cura-Portillo Asher , Jones Brandon A. , Akella Maruthi R.
Published: May 2023

The problem of estimating relative pose for uncooperative space objects has garnered great interest, especially within applications such as on-orbit assembly and satellite servicing. This paper presents a full end-to-end open-source pose estimation and filtering pipeline using monocular camera images for space systems applications. The algorithm pipeline consists of three main components: 1) a set of neural networks to perform keypoint regression; 2) a pose estimation component, implementing both nonlinear least-squares and perspective-[Formula: see text]-point solvers; and 3) a full-pose tracking component, implementing a multiplicative extended Kalman filter. While this software pipeline is designed to be a general-purpose solution, its development was motivated and driven by the size, weight, power, and cost requirements of the NASA Seeker CubeSat program. A combination of real and simulated results is presented to evaluate the neural network components, and simulated time-series results are presented to evaluate the performance of the full pipeline on flightlike hardware in real time.
Combining protective clothes with human body models for finite element ballistic impact simulations
Authors: Boljen Matthias , Jenerowicz Marcin , Bauer Steffen , Straßburger Elmar
Published: May 2023

The ballistic deformation of an ultra-high-molecular-weight (UHMW) polyethylene (PE) composite has been subjected numerically to a multi-layered soft ballistic fabric package modelled upon the body contours of the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) human body models M50-P and F05-P. The results of the clothing-body-interaction have been investigated and compared to the behavior of anthropomorphic surrogate models made from ballistic clay. For building the fabric model in donned shape, a single ply of woven fabric material has been converted upon the anthropomorphic body contour by subjecting it to a quasi-deep drawing process. After the fabric deformation, the shaped layer was duplicated 20 times and shifted outwards to build the fabric model, representing a multi-layered soft ballistic fabric package. The results of the ballistic impact simulation show that the response of the human body models (HBMs) is much more compliant than the behavior of the surrogate models. The deformation of the female HBM in terms of penetration depth and diameter of the affected impact region is slightly more severe than the deformation of the male counterpart with respect to identical impact conditions.
New testing device for air permeability
Authors: Sabantina Lilia , Ehrmann Andrea
Published: May 2023

Air permeability is used to characterize textile fabrics with respect to their usability as a garment or filter, airbag or parachute. It depends on the fabric’s porosity, air voids in the fabric, yarn specifications, thickness and other parameters, making it hard to calculate it reliably from other parameters. At the same time, measuring air permeability requires relatively expensive and complex equipment that cannot simply be built by everybody. Here, we suggest a simple device, which can be built from inexpensive components and correlates air permeability to a time measurement. We show that these values are highly correlated with the results gained by the frequently used standard EN ISO 9237.