bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proterozoic - basal Cambrian stratigraphy across Nares Strait: correlation between Inglefield Land and Bache Peninsula
Authors: Peel John S. , Dawes Peter R. , Collinson John D. , L. Christie Robert
Published: November 2023

In the Kane Basin region of Nares Strait (78° to 79°N) unmetamorphosed Proterozoic and basal Cambrian platform strata overlie the Precambrian Shield both in Inglefield Land in Greenland, and on Bache Peninsula in Ellesmere Island. The platform succession is composed of two shallow-water elastic sequences separated by an erosional disconformity. The lower formation, of multicoloured sandstone and siltstone with minor shale and stromatolitic dolomite, is assigned to the redefined Rensselaer Bay Formation; the upper, composed of red and overlying white sandstone with dolomitic sandstone and siltstone at the top, is assigned to the Dallas Bugt Formation. Basic sills from the Rensselaer Bay Formation have yielded isotopic ages as old as 1200 m.y., while the trace fossils Rusophycus and Skolithos suggest a basal Cambrian age for the Dallas Bugt Formation.

The platform sequences of Inglefield Land and Bache Peninsula show striking similarity in lithology and thickness and the detail correlation is supported by the evidence from isotopic ages of basic sills and from trace fossils. In both areas the bipartite succession is overlain with apparent conformity by dolomites that pass upwards into limestones containing Early Cambrian macrofauna.

The Rensselaer Bay Formation thickens southwards and passes into the much thicker sedimentary sequence of the Thule Basin, while the Dallas Bugt Formation and the overlying dolomites thicken northwards, indicating that the two formations were laid down in separate sedimentary basins. The close correlation of the platform successions and the corresponding configuration of the depositional slopes on both sides of the Kane Basin clearly indicate that the Proterozoic - Early Cambrian sedimentary pattern has not been radically disturbed by tectonism or by any appreciable transcurrent movement along Nares Strait.
L’autonomie des élèves : variable organisationnelle ou objectif pédagogique ?
Authors: Boulin Audrey , Cyrille Célia , Hachemi Sofia , Monceau Gilles , Oria Nathalie , Pelhate Julie , Pin Clément
Published: November 2023

L’article présente une recherche menée en réponse à la commande d’une municipalité d’Île-de-France ayant obtenu le label du programme national Cités éducatives, destiné à développer les partenariats territoriaux en faveur de la «réussite éducative». Cette recherche, conduite avec une pluralité d’actrices et acteurs concernés, porte plus spécifiquement sur un dispositif d’accompagnement au travail personnel (ATP) de l’élève, qui a pour objectif explicite de soutenir l’autonomie des élèves en impliquant un collège, une association et un service municipal. L’article analyse l’ambivalence des usages et la variété des représentations de la notion d’autonomie par les différentes parties impliquées dans le dispositif. Il montre l’enjeu organisationnel que constitue le consensus entre structures partenaires à propos de la centralité de la notion d’autonomie mais aussi les conceptions et appropriations très contrastées qu’en ont les actrices et acteurs concernant sa dimension pédagogique.
Foucault, Cassien et le paradoxe monastique
Authors: Lazrak Ostiane
Published: November 2023

Le monastère est un lieu crucial dans la recherche de Foucault : il est le point de rencontre entre la généalogie de la gouvernementalité, l’histoire de l’aveu et l’herméneutique du sujet. L’expérience cénobitique constitue un paradoxe pour l’enquête foucaldienne ; Cassien en est la figure centrale. Une relecture de ses écrits permet d’identifier un foyer de tensions entre obéissance, ascèse et mystique. On propose l’hypothèse que l’obéissance n’y est pas seulement un état d’arrachement du vouloir et une domestication de l’ascèse, mais un point d’appui pour une discipline des vertus. La subjectivation ascétique n’y est pas séparable d’un confiant abandon.
La spiritualité comme liberté : à propos du rapport entre expérience et action chez le dernier Foucault
Authors: Colombo Agustín
Published: November 2023

Aux yeux de Foucault, la spiritualité évoque une instance de modification des individus. De ce fait, elle garde une parenté intime avec la manière dont il conçoit les dynamiques de transformation et de constitution de la subjectivité. Mais qu’est-ce que Foucault veut dire lorsqu’il affirme que la spiritualité implique une modification de soi ? Et comment construit-il cette approche de la spiritualité ? Notre hypothèse est que la conception foucaldienne de la spiritualité s’inspire de l’approche de l’expérience élaborée par Georges Bataille tout en la modifiant : pour Foucault, l’expérience n’est pas une instance passive de supplice ou d’extase, mais elle se définit par l’action de l’individu. Cette différence radicale entre la passivité et l’action devient plus claire lorsque nous contrastons la mystique, référence de Bataille pour penser l’expérience, et l’ascèse, activité spirituelle par excellence selon Foucault. Ainsi, nous mettons en évidence le fait que chez le dernier Foucault, la réflexion sur la spiritualité suppose une problématisation de l’action et de l’activité qui constitue une coordonnée clé pour comprendre la manière dont il conçoit la mise en pratique de la liberté.
Correlation between contrast leakage period of procedural rupture and clinical outcomes in endovascular coiling for cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Kim Sung-Tae , Jin Sung-Chul , Jeong Hae Woong , Baek Jin Wook , Jeong Young Gyun
Published: November 2023

Objective: Intraprocedural rupture (IPR) is a fatal complication of endovascular coiling for cerebral aneurysms. We hypothesized that contrast leakage period may be related to poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the relationship between clinical outcomes and contrast leakage period.Methods: Data from patients with cerebral aneurysms treated via endovascular coiling between January 2010 and October 2018 were retrospectively assessed. The enrolled patient’s demographic data, the aneurysm related findings, endovascular treatment and IPR related findings, rescue treatment, and clinical outcome were analyzed.Results: In total, 2,859 cerebral aneurysms were treated using endovascular coiling during the study period, with IPR occurring in 18 (0.63 %). IPR occurred during initial frame coiling (n=4), coil packing (n=5), stent deployment (n=7), ballooning (n=1), and microcatheter removal after coiling (n=1). Tear sites included the dome (n=14) and neck (n=4). All IPRs were controlled and treated with coil packing, with or without stenting. Flow arrest of the proximal balloon was not observed. Temporary focal neurological deficits developed in two patients (11.1%). At clinical follow-up, 14 patients were classified as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0, three as mRS 2, and one as mRS 4. The mean contrast leakage period of IPR was 11.2 min (range: 1-31 min). Cerebral aneurysms with IPR were divided into late (n=9, mean time: 17.11 min) and early (n=9, mean time: 5.22 min) control groups based on the criteria of 10 min of contrast leakage period. No significant between-group differences regarding clinical outcomes were observed after IPR (p=1).Conclusions: In our series, all patients with IPR were controlled with further coil packing or stenting without proximal balloon occlusion within 31 min of contrast leakage. There was no difference in clinical outcomes when the long contrast leakage period group and short contrast leakage period group were compared.
Quantitative analysis method of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based on temperature iterative correction of self-absorption effect
Authors: Hou Jia-Jia , Zhang Da-Cheng , Feng Zhong-Qi , Zhu Jiang-Feng ,   School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
Published: November 2023

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an ideal real-time on-line method of detecting minor elements in alloys. However, in the case of laser-produced high-density plasma, the self-absorption is usually an undesired effect because it not only reduces the true line intensity, leading the line intensity to become nonlinear with the increase of emitting species content, but also affects the characterization parameters of the plasma, and finally affects the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Since the plasma electron temperature \begin{document}$(T)$\end{document}, radiation particle number density and absorption path length (Nl ) determine the degree of self-absorption and affect the corrected spectral line intensity, a new self-absorption correction method is proposed based on temperature iteration. The initial T is obtained by using this method through spectral line intensity, and the self-absorption coefficient SA is calculated based on the initial Nl parameter to correct the spectral line intensity. Then a new T is obtained from the new spectral line intensity and the new SA is calculated to further correct the spectral line intensity. Through continuous calculation and correction of these two parameters, self-absorption correction is finally achieved. The experimental results of alloy steel samples show that the linearity of Boltzmann plot is increased from 0.867 without self-absorption correction to 0.974 with self-absorption correction, and the linear correlation coefficient R2 of the single variable calibration curve for Mn element increases from 0.971 to 0.997. The relative error of elemental content measurement is improved from 4.32% without self-absorption correction to 1.23% with self-absorption correction. Compared with the commonly applied self-absorption correction methods, this method has obvious advantages of simpler programming, higher computation efficiency, and its independence of the availability or accuracy of Stark broadening coefficients. Moreover, this method can directly obtain the radiation particle number density and absorption path length, which is beneficial to the diagnosis and quantitative analysis of plasma.
Analysis of acoustic modes induced by backward stimulated Brillouin scattering in acoustic wave-guided single mode optical fibers
Authors: Feng Yun-Long , Hou Shang-Lin , Lei Jing-Li , Wu Gang , Yan Zu-Yong ,   School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
Published: November 2023

In this work, the acoustic Helmholtz equation is derived, and its analytical solution and the characteristic equation of the uniform guide mode in single mode fibers are obtained by the method of separation of variables. The normalized frequency of the acoustic mode is defined. By combining the argument approximation of the Bessel function are analyzed the eigenvalue range of the acoustic mode, the cut-off frequency, far from the cut-off state of the acoustic mode induced by backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, the dispersion and the multi-peak Brillouin gain spectrum. The research results indicate that the longitudinal acoustic fundamental mode L01 cannot be cut-off and is mainly confined in the fiber core, which is coupled with the optical fundamental mode LP01 to form the main peak of the Brillouin gain spectrum. The other higher-order acoustic modes all have low cut-off frequencies and are distributed more in the fiber cladding than mode L01 which couples with the optical fundamental mode LP01 to form the subpeaks of the Brillouin gain spectrum. The transverse normalized phase constant and effective refractive index of the acoustic mode increase with normalized frequency increasing. Only longitudinal acoustic modes L0n contribute to backward Brillouin gain spectrum in single mode fiber. When the GeO2 concentration is less than 4% and core radius is 4.5 μm, the single mode characteristics of the fiber remain unchanged, but the maximum number of acoustic L0n modes is 4. With the increase of GeO2 concentration in the fiber core, the Brillouin gain spectrum is red-shifted and the number of acoustic modes increases, the Brillouin gain peak value of L01 mode gradually increases, and the contributions of higher-order modes decrease. The single-mode fiber with a core’s germanium doped concentration of 3.65% and core radius of 4.3 μm has 4 L0n modes and 16 Lmn (m>0) modes at a wavelength of 1.55 μm, with one main peak and two subpeaks in the Brillouin gain spectrum appearing due to the acousto-optic coupling of the acoustic L01, L03, and L04 modes with the optical LP01 mode. The single-mode fiber with a core’s germanium doped concentration of 15% and core radius of 1.3 μm has 3 L0n modes and 7 Lmn (m>0) modes, with the Brillouin gain spectrum having 3 main peaks due to the acousto-optic coupling of the L01, L02, and L03 modes with the LP01 mode. These conclusions are well consistent with the reported experimental phenomena and provide theoretical references for studying and utilizing the SBS acoustic waveguide in optical fibers.
Significant improvement in survival outcomes of trisomy 18 with neonatal intensive care compared to non-intensive care: a single-center study
Authors: Koshida Shigeki , Takahashi Kentaro
Published: November 2023

Background

Trisomy 18 syndrome, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a chromosomal trisomy. The syndrome has historically been considered lethal owing to its poor prognosis, and palliative care was primarily indicated for trisomy 18 neonates. Although there have been several reports on the improvement of survival outcomes in infants with trisomy 18 syndrome through neonatal intensive care, few studies have compared the impact of neonatal intensive care on survival outcomes with that of non-intensive care. Therefore, we compared the survival-related outcomes of neonates with trisomy 18 between intensive and non-intensive care.

Methods

Seventeen infants of trisomy 18 admitted to our center between 2007 and 2019 were retrospectively studied. We divided the patients into a non-intensive group (n = 5) and an intensive group (n = 12) and evaluated their perinatal background and survival-related outcomes of the two groups.

Results

The 1- and 3-year survival rates were both 33% in the intensive group, which was significantly higher than that in the non-intensive group (p < 0.001). Half of the infants in the intensive care group were discharged alive, whereas in the non-intensive care group, all died during hospitalization (p = 0.049).

Conclusions

Neonatal intensive care for neonates with 18 trisomy significantly improved not only survival rates but also survival-discharge rates. Our findings would be helpful in providing 18 trisomy neonates with standard neonatal intensive care when discussing medical care with their parents.
Study On Effect Of Marble Powder And Waste Foundry Sand As Fine Aggregates On The Properties Of Metakaolin-Cement Concrete
Authors: Sakthieswaran N.
Published: November 2023

To bring an challenging and acceptable change in construction industry, upcoming graduates have to be much aware of alternate materials to be used in conventional concrete with improved performances and this study can be an encouraging approach to them. Many research studies have investigated the possible use of industrial by-products such as fly ash from thermal power plants, red mud from aluminium manufacturing industry, copper slag from copper smelting industry, GGBS from steel industry, and waste foundry sand from metal casting industries in cement concrete production. Here, it is investigated on the possibility of utilizing two industrial by-products in the production of concrete for achieving sustainable development. Metakaolin is used for replacing a specific percentage of cement, and waste marble powder and waste foundry sand are used to replace different percentages of conventional fine aggregates (sand) for producing a sustainable concrete. It is observed from the results that properties of cement concrete are influenced by the percentage content of metakaolin, waste marble powder and waste foundry sand.
From Momentum to Real Space: Investigating the Hofstadter Butterfly and Landau Levels in Hexagonal Lattices
Authors:   , Berríos Carvajal Sebastián Alejandro
Published: November 2023

This research examines Landau Levels (LLs) in real space within hexagonal lattice systems, utilizing the tight-binding model to elucidate band structures under strong magnetic fields, leading to the Hofstadter Butterfly pattern. The introduction of a real-space periodic tight-binding model provides a comprehensive perspective on the Density of States (DOS) in both periodic and open boundary conditions. A key contribution of this work is the innovative approach to decompose Landau Level wavefunctions into angular momentum eigenstates, revealing the inherent angular momentum attributes of the loop-like zones. While the study offers significant insights into the behavior of LLs in real space, it underscores the vast data spectrum associated with each system and highlights the potential for future research on variations in sample shape, the influence of disorder, impurities, and the integration of artificial intelligence for data interpretation.
Cosmología dependiente de la escala. Revisión de los problemas de la Constante Cosmológica y de la Constante de Hubble
Authors:   , Canales Contreras Felipe Andrés
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo de tesis se busca presentar algunos resultados que permitan guiar a la solución de dos de los grandes problemas de la cosmología moderna: el problema de la Constante Cosmológica y la tensión de la constante de Hubble. El primer problema consiste en que la predicción teórica para el valor de la densidad de energía del vacío es 10^120 veces mayor que la densidad de energía del vacío observada, mientras que el segundo problema se debe a la discrepancia que hay para el valor de la constante de Hubble dada por dos mediciones distintas. Para guiar a las soluciones de los problemas, se plantea una acción de gravedad Einstein-Hilbert, incorporando efectos cuánticos al considerar tal acción, como una acción efectiva con acoples gravitacionales dependientes de la escala de renormalización. Se encuentra que considerar acoples gravitacionales dependientes de la escala puede explicar un factor de 10^66 de diferencia entre la energía de vacío observada y la teórica en el problema de la Constante Cosmológica, mientras que considerar acoples gravitacionales dependientes de la escala tiene el potencial de reducir la tensión de la constante de Hubble.
Heterogeneiety of depression: a scoping review
Authors:   , Vásquez Cembrano Daniel José
Published: November 2023

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents the leading cause of disability worldwide. Even though there are evidence-based treatments, their effectiveness still lacks. One potential explanation pertains to the diagnostic heterogeneity MDD carries from its polythetic definition and it is also found in empirical studies. Depression subtypes, endophenotypes and sources of heterogeneity have been identified, but there are no studies that organize this information in a broad manner. Objective: To systematically map the existing evidence on heterogeneity of depression, summarizing its main findings and gaps in theoretical and empirical studies. Design: A scoping review was conducted. Four electronic databases were searched for published papers (Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed) on the subject between the years 2010 and 2023. Results: After eligibility assessment, 226 articles were included in the review. 197 Empirical studies were found, 29 reviews, 1 meta-analysis and 1 theoretical article. 214 Unique MDD subtypes were identified in the literature, then clustered into 14 main categories: Symptom prominent, DSM/ICD, Age-at-onset, Severity, Timecourse, Comorbidity, Life-event, Endophenotype, Personality and interpersonal style, Treatment response, Core-concept MDD, Culture, Gender, Unspecific. A total of 60 unique endophenotypes were identified, with two main categories further subdivided: (1) Physiological structures: Brain-related structures, Genetics, Systems, Neurophysiology, Proteins, Hormones; (2) Metapsychological structures: Reward regulation system, Decision-making, Cognitive processing. 129 Unique sources of heterogeneity were identified and narrowed into 14 categories: Endophenotypes, Age-at-onset, Demographic, Life events, Comorbidities, Severity, Culture, Timecourse, Symptom network, Personality and interpersonal style, Measurement, Theoretical, Therapeutic Alliance, Etiology. Conclusions: Findings are consistent on concluding heterogeneity of depression as an urgent need to be addressed by investigation to create better treatments. Future research should develop bridges between evidence-based subtypes, endophenotypes and sources of heterogeneity, to develop MDD models able to address case-sensitive specificities.
Effects of Vermicompost and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Sesame
Authors: Nahar Kamrun , Haque Md. Azizul , Ali Md. Khan Jahan , Jannat Sharmin Ara
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the BINA substation farm, Ishwardi, Pabna during 2021- 2022 to see the combined effects of vermicompost and inorganic fertilizer (Urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc and boron) on sesame growth and yield. Five treatments combination were used in the experiment. The treatments were T1=Native soil fertility (No fertilizer and manure), T2=100% Chemical Fertilizers (CF), T3= Vermicompost (VC) @ 5 ton/ha, T4=50% CF + 2.5 ton/ha VC, T5=70%CF + 1.5 ton/ha VC. Yield and yield contributing characters of sesame were significantly influenced with the different treatments. The treatment T4 (50% CF + 2.5 tha-1 VC) gave the highest seed yield of sesame. The results indicated that treatment T4 enhanced more crop growth which influenced on greater seed yield of sesame. The lowest seed yield was recorded at T1 treatment. However, considering maximum yields the treatments T4 could be used for more production of sesame with less use of chemical fertilizers.
Analysis of Operation Ability Literacy in Junior Middle School Mathematics Classroom Teaching
Authors: Lu Dan , Yang Zezhong
Published: November 2023

The "Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition)" revised in 2022 clearly points out that the cultivation of mathematical operation ability is of great significance and value to the development of students' core literacy. Starting from the analysis of the connotation and requirements of mathematical operation ability literacy in the new curriculum standard, this paper analyzes the current situation of implementing mathematical operation ability literacy in the current junior middle school mathematics classroom teaching. Therefore, specific suggestions are put forward for the implementation of operation ability literacy: 1. Teachers should pay attention to the introduction in class and students' mastery of algorithms and calculation laws; 2. Teachers should standard their own problem-solving process to play an exemplary role; 3. Teachers should emphasize the principle of operation so as to encourage the students to make simple calculations; 4. In the teaching process, teachers should pay attention to guiding and questioning students, so as to promote the development of students' mathematical reasoning ability. These strategies can provide a reference for junior middle school mathematics teachers to cultivate students' mathematical operation abilities.
Research on the Cognitive Degree of Pre-service Junior High School Mathematics Teachers for Data Concept Literacy in China
Authors: Zhou Kaiyue , Yang Zezhong
Published: November 2023

Educational issues about data concept literacy have recently received widespread attention from all sectors of society in China. There are a lot of studies on the meaning and current situation of data concept literacy and training strategies, but there is little research on the cognition of pre-service teachers on data concept literacy. In this study, 22 master's degree holders in education from two grades at a university were investigated for their data concept literacy cognition using the semi-structured interview method. After encoding the interview results, we used Excel to make statistical data and quantitative data analysis. It is found that in China pre-service junior high school mathematics teachers: 1. were not accurate and reasonable enough in their cognition of the content related to data concept literacy; 2. did not have a wide range of cognition of data concept literacy, and the pre-service teachers' cognition of data concept literacy was mainly focused on the content that was more general and closely related to their own lives; 3. the overall cognition of data concept literacy was shallow and mainly focused on a lower level; 4. The overall cognitive clarity of data concept literacy is low, and fewer points can be recognized clearly. It is thus suggested that: 1. special training and education about core literacy should be strengthened in the training of pre-service teachers so that data concept literacy can be emphasized; 2. pre-service junior high school mathematics teachers should take the initiative to learn the core literacy and improve their knowledge of data concept literacy.
Atomic Structure: Validation of the Electron Phase Transformation Theory
Authors: Garai Jozsef
Published: November 2023

The current consensus on the atomic structure was formulated about a hundred years ago. In the enlightenment of the newly developed instrumentations and theories the electronic structure of the atoms is reconsidered. It has been concluded that in order to comply with experiments the electron must go through phase transformation from point to surface charge when captured by the nucleus. The surface charge electron shell model of the atoms is consistent with all the known features of the atoms and offers a physical explanation for Schrodinger`s wave equation.
Evaluation of Storage Techniques to Improve the Seed Longevity of Horsegram
Authors: Menaka C. , Prasath S. , Yuvaraja A. , Nilavarasi R. , Anandi M.
Published: November 2023

Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) is a robust, drought-resistant crop that is valued for its high protein content and is a significant food source in many parts of the world. Horsegram seeds must be stored properly to preserve their freshness, nutritional value, and viability for future planting. In this article an investigation was carried out to evaluate the suitable seed treatment and packaging materials for maintaining the shelf life of horsegram seeds during storage. The laboratory experiment was carried out at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India. The graded seeds of horsegram were treated with different botanicals (Neem seed kernel powder @ 5g/kg & Pungam leaf powder @ 5g/kg), herbal oil (Neem oil @ 5ml/kg) and chemical (Malathion @ 5g/kg) and packed in cloth and super grain bags which was kept under ambient condition. The physical, physiological and biochemical parameters were assessed from the stored seed samples. Horsegram seeds dusted with malathion at 5 g/kg and then packed in a super grain bag have better germination (94%), root length (18.33 cm), shoot length (9.10 cm), DMP (0.165 g seedlings-10), vigour index I and II (2551 and 16.2), and also biochemical parameters like the lowest electrical conductivity (0.121 dSm-1), highest enzyme activity like dehydrogenase (0.521) and catalase (0.213 units g-1) and protein level (19.21%) was also high in malathion (5 g/kg) treated seeds packed in a super grain bag after storage for 8 months.
Importance of Bio-Priming on Improving Seed Quality in Chilli (Capsicum Annuum L.)
Authors: Ryavalad Shivayogi , Surwenshi Ashok , Rathod Arvind Kumar , Muske Deepa N.  , Srinivas N.  , Rajkumar M.
Published: November 2023

India grows a lot of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.), and one of its most valuable commodities is its seed. However, the quality of the seeds is lost if they are stored for the months between harvest and the subsequent sowing. The seeds of Rudra and Byadgi Dabbi varieties were subjected to bio-priming with the Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus and Trichoderma viride on qualitative parameters with seven treatments. The experiment was carried out using CRBD. The culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus and Trichoderma viride at 2.5g /l and 5.0g/l concentration were used as pre-sowing bio-priming treatments. From the results it was found that the Bio-priming influenced significantly on the capability of the chilli seedlings with the improved germination percentage of  98.69% (2.5 g P. fluorescens, T1), shoot length 6.53cm (5 g P. fluorescens, T2), root length 7.18cm (5 g T. viride, T6), seedling length 13.43 cm (5 g P. fluorescens, T2) and seedling vigour index 1216.44 (5 g P. fluorescens, T2) in Byadgi Dabbi cultivar and where as in Rudra cultivar recorded  germination percentage of 99.75% (T2), shoot length 4.13cm (5 g T. viride, T6), root length 7.38cm (5 g T. viride, T6), seedling length 11.56 cm (5 g T. viride,T6) and seedling vigour index 1140.12 (5 g T. viride, T6) when compared with control. Therefore, bio-priming with Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus and Trichoderma viride are effective in enhancing the quality parameters of seed in chilli.
Efficacy of Targeted Insecticides against Major Insect Pests of Phalsa (Grewia asiatica Linn.)
Authors: Raina Shallu , Sharma Devinder , Singh Monika
Published: November 2023

A two-year field experiment were conducted in a phalsa orchard situated at the Regional Horticulture Research Station (RHRS), Raya, District-Samba to study the efficacy of selected insecticides against major insect pests of phalsa. During the experiment, seven treatments were taken which were replicated thrice in the randomized block design. The insecticides were sprayed at the peak or ETL level of the insect problem population, insect population was noted one day before the spraying and three and ten days after the spraying. Five randomly chosen plants were subjected to pre- and post-treatment of herbicides, and insect counts was taken. Further, ten days after a second spray, 100 randomly selected fruits from each plant were examined to figure out the amount of fruits that were injured overall. Fruit damage (%) was then computed. The yield was calculated by employing the net plot area method, and the yield and cost of plant protection were utilized to calculate the monetary benefits and incremental cost-benefit ratios of the treatments. The application of imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L was found to be the most effective method for suppressing aphids, with Fipronil 5 SC @ 1.0 ml/L, Chlorpyriphos 20 EC, and control following suit. Additionally, plots treated with imidacloprid had the highest cost-benefit ratio, followed by treatments with Fipronil and dichlorvos Therefore, in Jammu's subtropical climate, applying imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L is the most efficient way to control insect pests and increase phalsa yield.
Cost-Effectiveness of Annual Prostate MRI and Potential MRI-Guided Biopsy After Prostate-Specific Antigen Test Results
Authors: Yun Hyunkyung , Kim Jin , Gandhe Aishwarya , Nelson Brianna , Hu Jim C. , Gulani Vikas , Margolis Daniel , Schackman Bruce R. , Jalali Ali
Published: November 2023

Importance

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and potential MRI-guided biopsy enable enhanced identification of clinically significant prostate cancer. Despite proven efficacy, MRI and potential MRI-guided biopsy remain costly, and there is limited evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of this approach in general and for different prostate-specific antigen (PSA) strata.

Objective

To examine the cost-effectiveness of integrating annual MRI and potential MRI-guided biopsy as part of clinical decision-making for men after being screened for prostate cancer compared with standard biopsy.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Using a decision analytic Markov cohort model, an economic evaluation was conducted projecting outcomes over 10 years for a hypothetical cohort of 65-year-old men in the US with 4 different PSA strata (<2.5 ng/mL, 2.5-4.0 ng/mL, 4.1-10.0 ng/mL, >10 ng/mL) identified by screening through Monte Carlo microsimulation with 10 000 trials. Model inputs for probabilities, costs in 2020 US dollars, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were from the literature and expert consultation. The model was specifically designed to reflect the US health care system, adopting a federal payer perspective (ie, Medicare).

Exposures

Magnetic resonance imaging with potential MRI-guided biopsy and standard biopsy.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) using a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 per QALY was estimated. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results

For the 3 PSA strata of 2.5 ng/mL or greater, the MRI and potential MRI-guided biopsy strategy was cost-effective compared with standard biopsy (PSA 2.5-4.0 ng/mL: base-case ICER, $21 131/QALY; PSA 4.1-10.0 ng/mL: base-case ICER, $12 336/QALY; PSA >10.0 ng/mL: base-case ICER, $6000/QALY). Results varied depending on the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and potential MRI-guided biopsy. Results of probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that the MRI and potential MRI-guided biopsy strategy was cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 per QALY in a range between 76% and 81% of simulations for each of the 3 PSA strata of 2.5 ng/mL or more.

Conclusions and Relevance

This economic evaluation of a hypothetical cohort suggests that an annual MRI and potential MRI-guided biopsy was a cost-effective option from a US federal payer perspective compared with standard biopsy for newly eligible male Medicare beneficiaries with a serum PSA level of 2.5 ng/mL or more.
Surgeon Sex and Health Care Costs for Patients Undergoing Common Surgical Procedures
Authors: Wallis Christopher J. D. , Jerath Angela , Aminoltejari Khatereh , Kaneshwaran Kirusanthy , Salles Arghavan , Buntin Melinda Beeuwkes , Coburn Natalie G. , Wright Frances C. , Gotlib Conn Lesley , Heybati Kiyan , Luckenbaugh Amy N. , Ranganathan Sanjana , Riveros Carlos , McCartney Colin , Armstrong Kathleen A. , Bass Barbara L. , Detsky Allan S. , Satkunasivam Raj
Published: November 2023

Importance

Prior research has shown differences in postoperative outcomes for patients treated by female and male surgeons. It is important to understand, from a health system and payer perspective, whether surgical health care costs differ according to the surgeon’s sex.

Objective

To examine the association between surgeon sex and health care costs among patients undergoing surgery.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This population-based, retrospective cohort study included adult patients undergoing 1 of 25 common elective or emergent surgical procedures between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2019, in Ontario, Canada. Analysis was performed from October 2022 to March 2023.

Exposure

Surgeon sex.

Main Outcome and Measure

The primary outcome was total health care costs assessed 1 year following surgery. Secondarily, total health care costs at 30 and 90 days, as well as specific cost categories, were assessed. Generalized estimating equations were used with procedure-level clustering to compare costs between patients undergoing equivalent surgeries performed by female and male surgeons, with further adjustment for patient-, surgeon-, anesthesiologist-, hospital-, and procedure-level covariates.

Results

Among 1 165 711 included patients, 151 054 were treated by a female surgeon and 1 014 657 were treated by a male surgeon. Analyzed at the procedure-specific level and accounting for patient-, surgeon-, anesthesiologist-, and hospital-level covariates, 1-year total health care costs were higher for patients treated by male surgeons ($24 882; 95% CI, $20 780-$29 794) than female surgeons ($18 517; 95% CI, $16 080-$21 324) (adjusted absolute difference, $6365; 95% CI, $3491-9238; adjusted relative risk, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.14). Similar patterns were observed at 30 days (adjusted absolute difference, $3115; 95% CI, $1682-$4548) and 90 days (adjusted absolute difference, $4228; 95% CI, $2255-$6202).

Conclusions and Relevance

This analysis found lower 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year health care costs for patients treated by female surgeons compared with those treated by male surgeons. These data further underscore the importance of creating inclusive policies and environments supportive of women surgeons to improve recruitment and retention of a more diverse and representative workforce.
Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity and Extraordinary Thermoelectric Performance in Highly Disordered CuIn7Se11 Layered Compound
Authors: Yang Zhen , Zi Peng , Liu Keke , Luo Hao , Bai Hui , Chen Shuo , Wu Jinsong , Su Xianli , Uher Ctirad , Zhang Qingjie , Tang Xinfeng
Published: November 2023

Since the lattice thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials is a relatively independent parameter, exploring semiconductor materials with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity is an important direction in the field of thermoelectric research. Herein, a high figure of merit ZT of 1.23 at 873 K and an exceptionally low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.18 W m−1 K−1 are realized in the n‐type CuIn7Se11 compound for the first time. The weak In─Se chemical bonds induce strong coupling between acoustic phonon and optical phonon with low frequency, leading to low sound velocity. The highly disordered configuration of Cu, In, and vacancies at In2, In3, and M sites, in conjunction with atomic‐scale slips and flips intensify phonon scattering. All these result in an intrinsically low thermal conductivity of the CuIn7Se11 compound. DFT calculation reveals that the density of states at the bottom of the conduction band is mainly contributed by the coupling between 4p orbitals of Se atoms and 5s orbitals of In atoms, featuring with a small effective mass. This small effective mass of charge carrier renders the CuIn7Se11 compound high carrier mobility of 435 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 300 K. Consequently, the CuIn7Se11 compound possesses an extraordinary thermoelectric performance
Photopolymerization Inks for 3D Printing of Elastic, Strong, and Biodegradable Oral Delivery Devices
Authors: Yuts Yulia , Bohley Marilena , Krivitsky Adva , Bao Yinyin , Luo Zhi , Leroux Jean‐Christophe
Published: November 2023

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing via vat photopolymerization is transforming the manufacturing paradigms of biomedical devices, offering tremendous advantages for the production of customized advanced drug delivery systems. However, the existing commercial inks often lack the ability to simultaneously provide elasticity, strength, and biodegradability. Herein, photopolymerizable inks based on poly(β‐aminoester) diacrylates and N‐vinyl pyrrolidone are used to address these limitations. These biodegradable polymers enable the digital light processing 3D printing of elastomers with adjustable elongation at break (103–762%), stress at failure (0.2–8.3 MPa), and hydrolysis rates ranging from 25 min to 80 days. The authors are able to synthesize a soft polymer that possess properties akin to natural latex, which can enhance its elastic modulus when subjected to high strains. It can withstand 762% stretch with a maximum strength of 8.3 MPa. In addition, this polymer demonstrates cytocompatibility and unique biodegradation properties under simulated gastrointestinal conditions (within hours at pH 6.8). By utilizing this elastomer, a prototype of an expandable oral drug delivery device that has the ability to degrade within the average transit time in the jejunum is manufactured. This study paves the way to leverage vat photopolymerization 3D printing in the creation of complex prototypes of biomedical devices where strength, elasticity and biodegradability are essential.
Large‐Area 2D Perovskite Oxides/Organic Heterojunction Enables Highly‐Sensitive Self‐Powered Photodetector for Ultraviolet Light Communication
Authors: Yan Tingting , Liu Xinya , Zhang Xinyu , Hong Enliu , Wu Limin , Fang Xiaosheng
Published: November 2023

Ultraviolet (UV)‐sensitive semiconductors play a key role in converting UV light into electric signals in a UV photodetector. Two‐dimensional (2D) oxide perovskite, as a kind of green and stable semiconductor materials, exhibits excellent UV detection capabilities. However, the non‐dense nanosheet thin film induces alternative shunts in vertical‐structured devices results in high ohmic leakage currents. Large number of oxygen vacancies in 2D oxide perovskite leads to the adsorption / desorption process of oxygen molecules that slows down the device's response speed. Therefore, an inorganic–organic heterojunction that effectively fills up the pinholes in nanosheet films, effectively suppressing the dark current of the device by 100 000 times are designed. Meanwhile, the construction of inorganic–organic heterojunctions can accelerate the charge carriers’ transporting process, resulting in a fast rise / decay response time of 0.7 ms / 8.5 ms. Moreover, the inorganic–organic heterojunction endows the device with excellent self‐powered performance, presenting a high responsivity of 60 mA W−1. This photodetector demonstrates application potential in a UV communication system with a detection angle of 30 degrees and a close‐range communication of 1.2 m.
Edelstein Effect Induced Superconducting Diode Effect in Inversion Symmetry Breaking MoTe2 Josephson Junctions
Authors: Chen Pingbo , Wang Gongqi , Ye Bicong , Wang Jinhua , Zhou Liang , Tang Zhenzhong , Wang Le , Wang Jiannong , Zhang Wenqing , Mei Jiawei , Chen Weiqiang , He Hongtao
Published: November 2023

Superconducting diode effect (SDE) with nonreciprocal supercurrent transport has attracted intense attention recently, not only for its intriguing physics, but also for its great application potential in superconducting circuits. It is revealed in this work that planar Josephson junctions (JJs) based on type‐II Weyl semimetal (WSM) MoTe2 can exhibit a prominent SDE due to the emergence of asymmetric Josephson effect (AJE) in perpendicular magnetic fields. The AJE manifests itself in a very large asymmetry in the critical supercurrents with respect to the current direction. The sign of this asymmetry can also be effectively modulated by the external magnetic field. Considering the special noncentrosymmetric crystal symmetry of MoTe2, this AJE is understood in terms of the Edelstein effect, which induces a nontrivial phase shift in the current phase relation of the junctions. Besides these, it is further demonstrated that the rectification of supercurrent in such MoTe2 JJs with the rectification efficiency up to 50.4%, unveiling the great application potential of WSMs in superconducting electronics.
Atomically Thin Decoration Layers for Robust Orientation Control of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Chang Yu‐Ming , Yang Ni , Min Jiacheng , Zheng Fangyuan , Huang Chun‐Wei , Chen Jui‐Yuan , Zhang Yuxiang , Yang Pengfei , Li Chenyang , Liu Hao‐Yu , Ye Beilin , Xu Jian‐Bin , Chen Han‐Yi , Luo Zhengtang , Wu Wen‐Wei , Shih Kaimin , Huang Jing‐Kai , Li Lain‐Jong , Wan Yi
Published: November 2023

2D semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are emerging as promising candidates in the pursuit of advancing semiconductor technology. One major challenge for integrating 2D TMD materials into practical applications is developing an epitaxial technique with robust reproducibility for single‐oriented growth and thus single‐crystal growth. Here, the growth of single‐orientated MoS2 on c‐plane sapphire with atomically thin Fe2O3 decoration layers under various growth conditions is demonstrated. The statistical data highlight robust reproducibility, achieving a single orientation ratio of up to 99%. Density functional theory calculations suggest that MoS2 favors a 0° alignment () on the Fe2O3 (0001) surface. This preference ensures single‐oriented growth, even on mirror‐reflected exposed surfaces which typically lead to antiparallel domains. Subsequent optical and electrical analyses confirm the uniformity and undoped nature of MoS2 on Fe2O3‐decorated sapphire, showing its quality is comparable to MoS2 grown on bared sapphires. The results underscore the potential of Fe2O3‐decorated sapphire as an effective substrate for the consistent and high‐quality epitaxial growth of 2D TMDs, illuminating the pathway to epitaxial control of 2D TMD orientation through strategic modulation of crystalline atomic surfaces.
Octahedral Tilt Enables Efficient and Stable Fully Vapor‐Deposited Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Cells
Authors: Xu Yue‐Yu , Jiang Yang , Du Hong‐Qiang , Gao Xiang , Qiang Zi‐Yue , Wang Cai‐Xia , Tao Zhi‐Wei , Yang Long‐Hui , Zhi Rui , Liang Gui‐Jie , Cai Hao‐Yu , Rothmann Mathias Uller , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Li Wei
Published: November 2023

Thermal evaporation can significantly facilitate scalable, uniform, and conformal perovskite film, particularly well‐suited for the preparation of perovskite/silicon (Si) tandem solar cells . However, the perovskite material easily induces a phase transition from a photoactive phase to a photoinactive phase, limiting the development of the stability and efficiency of tandem cells. Introducing lead chloride (PbCl2) into wide‐bandgap perovskite materials is beneficial for the fabrication of efficient and stable light‐absorbing materials, but the microscopic mechanism of the effect of PbCl2 on perovskite is still unclear. The study here reports evidences that the addition of PbCl2 to improve perovskite film stability and optoelectronic performance is due to the minor octahedral tilting of the perovskite structure are reported. It also demonstrates that this strategy accelerates interfacial charge transfer and carrier diffusion in the perovskite bulk and heterojunction interfaces. Therefore, the wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared by adding PbCl2 exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.80%. The PSCs retain 97% of their performance following 200 h of operation at the maximum power point under full 1‐sun illumination. Finally, monolithic perovskite/Si tandem cells with record PCEs of 27.43% and an open‐circuit voltage of 1.817 V are fabricated.
The Power of Three: Nanomaterials for Natural Killer (NK) Cell Immunoengineering Maximize Their Potency if They Exploit Multireceptor Stimulation
Authors: Dodd Helena , Guerra Nadia , Dunlop Iain E.
Published: November 2023

Many emerging cancer treatments are immunotherapies that modulate Natural Killer‐ (NK) or T cell activation, posing a challenge to develop immunoengineering nanomaterials that improve on the performance of molecular reagents. In physiological activation, multiple immunoreceptors signal in consort; however, current biomaterials do not replicate this. Here, NK cells are created for the first time, activating bionanomaterials that stimulate >2 immunoreceptors. Nanoclusters of monoclonal antibodies (mAb), templated by nanoscale graphene oxide sheets (NGO) (≈75 nm size), are exploited. To inform nanoreagent design, a model system of planar substrates with anchored mAb is first investigated. Combining mAb that stimulates three NK cell activating receptors (αNKP46 + αNKG2D + αDNAM‐1), activated NK cells act more potently than any single receptor or pair. Applying this insight, an NGO‐mAb nanocluster combining three distinct mAb: NGO‐mAb(αNKP46 + αNKG2D + αDNAM‐1) is created. This construct is potent and outperforms single‐receptor‐simulating nanoclusters, activating nearly twice as many NK cells as NGO‐mAb(αNKP46) at a similar mAb dose or delivering similar activation at 10× lower dosage. Further, NGO‐mAb are more potent than planar substrates for both single‐ and triple‐mAb stimulation. These results imply a new concept for immunoengineering biomaterials: both nanoclustering and multi‐receptor stimulation should be incorporated for maximum effect.