bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor cell total mRNA expression shapes the molecular and clinical phenotype of cancer
Authors: Cao Shaolong , Wang Jennifer , Ji Shuangxi , Yang Peng , Montierth Matthew , Guo Shuai , Shen John Paul , Zhao Xiao , Chen Jingxiao , Lee Jaewon , Guerrero Paola , Spetsieris Nicholas , Engedal Nikolai , Taavitsainen Sinja , Yu Kaixian , Livingstone Julie , Bhandari Vinayak , Hubert Shawna , Daw Najat , Futreal Andrew , Efstathiou Eleni , Lim Bora , Viale Andrea , Zhang Jianjun , Nykter Matti , Czerniak Bogdan , Msaouel Pavlos , Maitra Anirban , Kopetz Scott , Campbell Peter , Speed Terence , Boutros Paul , Zhu Hongtu , Urbanucci Alfonso , Demeulemeester Jonas , Loo Peter Van , Wang Wenyi
Published: June 2021

Cancers can vary greatly in their transcriptomes. In contrast to alterations in specific genes or pathways, differences in tumor cell total mRNA content have not been comprehensively assessed. Technical and analytical challenges have impeded examination of total mRNA expression at scale across cancers. To address this, we developed a model for quantifying tumor-specific total mRNA expression (TmS) from bulk sequencing data, which performs transcriptomic deconvolution while adjusting for mixed genomes. We used single-cell RNA sequencing data to demonstrate total mRNA expression as a feature of tumor phenotype. We estimated and validated TmS in 5,015 patients across 15 cancer types identifying significant inter-individual variability. At a pan-cancer level, high TmS is associated with increased risk of disease progression and death. Cancer type-specific patterns of genetic alterations, intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity, as well as pan-cancer trends in metabolic dysregulation and hypoxia contribute to TmS. Taken together, our results suggest that measuring cell-type specific total mRNA expression offers a broader perspective of tracking cancer transcriptomes, which has important biological and clinical implications.
Explosion and high-temperature plasma-as a consequence of the exponential equation of motion of gas molecules
Authors: Braginsky Alexander
Published: June 2021

In this paper, an exponential equation of motion for gas molecules is derived for the first time. The paper shows that the Kadic-Edelen forces, written in 1983 by analogy with electrodynamics, are forces that act on the momentum of particles as on a charge. The paper considers the application of the centrally symmetric force of the tensor compensating field in gas in the active state. It is shown that the intensity tensor in the gas is diagonal, so it leads to an increase in the momentum of the gas molecules exponentially in the direction of their movement. Thus, there is an exponential change in the kinetic energy of the gas molecules in the volume where the centrally symmetric intensity tensor acts. The action of a large positive intensity tensor in the gas leads to an explosion and high-temperature plasma.
Applicability of Different Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Equations in Chinese Healthy Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wei Lu , Shen Xue , Zhang Juan , Yong Zhenzhu , Zhang Qun , Zhao Weihong
Published: June 2021

Objective: To estimate kidney function with aging by equations based on serum creatinine (Scr) and investigate the applicability of these equations in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in healthy Chinese population. Patients and methods: A total of 34,416 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study, eGFR was calculated by CKD-EPI, FAS and Xiangya equations. Plotted scatter diagrams were adopted to show the difference between eGFR by above three equations. Agreement analysis between these equations was quantified by the linear weighted κ statistic.Results: eGFRs by CKD-EPI and Xiangya equation had a constant decline with aging. eGFR by FAS equation was approximately 116.5 mL/min/1.73m2 under 40 years, then decreased with a rate of 1.27 mL/min/1.73 m2/year. The difference was relatively small, and substantial agreement was observed between CKD-EPI and FAS equations with Scr levels above 0.9 mg/dL in males (κ =0.798) or 0.7 mg/dL in females (κ =0.745). The agreement between CKD-EPI and FAS equations was moderate to near-perfect in non-elderly (κ 0.617-0.901 for males and 0.536-0.861 for females), whereas was fair to moderate in older adults (κ 0.494-0.513 for males and 0.373-0.526 for females). eGFR by CKD-EPI was slightly higher than which by FAS equation in older population. The agreement between Xiangya and CKD-EPI or FAS equation was all slight (κ＜0.2).Conclusion: FAS equation could be used to evaluate declining rate of eGFR in healthy population. We recommend FAS or CKD-EPI equation in non-elderly adults, and FAS equation in older adults to calculate eGFR. More verification is needed, especially in older adults and population with low Scr level.
Integration Intrapreneurship: Implementing Innovation in a Public Healthcare Organisation
Authors: Moss Perrin , Hartley Nicole , Russell Trevor
Published: June 2021

Aim: As global events impact the way organisations operate and innovate in response to regional, workforce and consumer needs, the concept of intrapreneurism is attracting growing interest from policymakers and executives, particularly within the healthcare sector. The aim of this study was to capture the key learnings from the implementation of a telementoring pilot, to understand how intrapreneurship can embed innovation within an established organization to effect more integrated healthcare.Purpose: A qualitative approach was used with a phenomenological lens to explore the key learnings of the Project ECHO® (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) pilot implementation to provide an understanding of what the project team’s strategies and tactics were during the process of embedding a new business innovation. The implementation and piloting of Project ECHO®, a telementoring model, in a large-scale public healthcare organization in Queensland, Australia was investigated as an exemplar of integration intrapreneurship. Findings: Through an inductive approach, this qualitative study found the implementation of the Project ECHO® pilot had specific dimensions and strategies/tactics which were exemplars of intrapreneurism. The organizational context and workforce characteristics described in this study presented new knowledge of how intrapreneurs implemented an innovation to address fragmentation of healthcare service delivery, professional isolation and instances of low-value care. This research contributes to a better understanding of the strategic and tactical approaches to implementing intrapreneurial innovations within a public healthcare organization, with learnings that can be adapted by intrapreneurs in other contexts.
Factors associated with vaccination status among children age 12–23 months in Ethiopia, based on 2016 EDHS: logit based multinomial logistic regression analysis
Authors: Enyew Ermias Bekele , Tareke Abiyu Abadi
Published: June 2021

Background: Childhood immunization is one of the most cost-effective prevention measures for children's mortality and morbidity, saving 2–3 million lives per year. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with vaccination status among children 12–23 months of age in Ethiopia.Method: A secondary data analysis was done based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). A total weighted sample of 1911 children age 12–23 months of age were included in the study. Logit based Multinomial logistic regression analysis was computed to distinguish factors associated with routine vaccination of children aged 12-23 months. P-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance of each independent variables, and adjusted Relative risk ratio (RRR) with 95% confidence interval were used to present the result and STATA 14 was utilized for data management and analysis. Result: Overall the prevalence of full vaccinated children was 35%, while 49% of children were partially vaccinated and 16% were non-vaccinated. In multinomial analysis, having focused ANC (at least four visits) contrasted to no ANC visits at all had 9.7 higher relative risk of being fully vaccinated than not vaccinated [RRR= 9.74, 95% CI=3.52-26.94], and 5 times higher relative risk of being partially vaccinated than not vaccinated [RRR=4.97, 95% CI=2.00-12.33]. Conclusion: The present study found that childhood full vaccination status was low compared with the World Health Organization targets. Frequency of ANC visit and visited by field worker were significantly associated both partially and full vaccination whereas, visited health facility last 12 months and wealth status were significantly associated with childhood full vaccination.
Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy as the First Clinical Presentation of Wilson Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Yong-Zhe , Jian Geng , He Ping , Yu Rui , Tian Mi , Wu Yan , Zhang Bei-Ru
Published: June 2021

Background: Wilson disease (WD) is a rare genetic disorder of copper metabolism. The difference in copper tissue accumulation lead to various clinical manifestations, including some atypical presentations. The complex clinical picture makes it easy to miss and misdiagnose, even delay the best chance for treatment. Case presentation: A 26-year-old male patient who had nephritis-range proteinuria and elevated serum creatinine. The renal pathology indicated Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy and tubular injury which was inconsistent with glomerular lesions. Cirrhosis was also detected by imaging examination. Considering both kidney injury and liver damage, WD was suspected. According to further detected results of abnormal copper metabolism, corneal Kayser-Fleischer rings(K-F rings), and genetic disorder of ATP7B gene, he was finally diagnosed as a case of WD.The patient was given oral penicillamine and zinc sulfate daily and he was also prescribed losartan to control proteinuria on the premise of monitoring renal function and blood pressure. During the 2 years follow-up, the patient’s 24h uric cooper dropped to normal. The sign of tremor hands disappeared. The Urine protein and renal function keep stable. The patient had normal liver function and maintained good quality of daily life. Conclusions: In some cases, IgA nephropathy patients with suspicious and unexplained neurological and liver symptoms cannot be ignored. They may eventually be diagnosed with WD.
Weld deformation of hydraulic support measurements by using FBG sensors
Authors: Du Shangyu , Wang Guofa , Xu Yajun , Ma Ying , Zhang Desheng , Ma Qiang , Yue Xingtong
Published: June 2021

The welding deformation and cracking of hydraulic support structural parts have always been an important issue that impacts product quality and performance in the industry. In order to quantify the deformation of the welding seam of the reverse four-bar linkage hydraulic support under loading conditions, a real-time weld monitoring system based on sensitive Fiber Bragg Grating sensors is designed, which contains a hydraulic pressure measurement unit based on a NI DAQ-USB 6002 and an optical fiber data acquisition unit mainly composed by a SM125-500 demodulator, meanwhile they are synchronized by the timestamp of the host computer. Four typical eccentric load experiments were performed on a top coal caving reverse four-link support in the test bench of Safety Access Analysis and Verification Laboratory for Mine Support Equipment. The results prove that the Fiber Bragg Grating sensor is accurate enough to measure weld deformation of hydraulic support, measurement resolution reaches 0.1 mm and the eccentric load experiment makes the reverse four-bar torsion force, especially when the top beam at a low position, the maximum deformation of the weld reaches 100 mm.
Impact of Climate Change on Rice and Wheat Yield in Punjab State of India: A District-Level Analysis
Authors: Bhardwaj Mandeep , Kumar Pushp , Kumar Siddharth , Kumar Ashish
Published: June 2021

The present study aims to examine the impact of climate change on wheat and rice yield of the Punjab state of India. Using district-level panel data from 1981 to 2017, the study employs fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and pooed mean group (PMG) approaches. The Pedroni cointegration has established a long-run relationship of climate variables with rice and wheat crops. The results of FMOLS and DOLS show that minimum temperature has a positive effect on both wheat and rice, while maximum temperature is found to be negatively contributing to both the crops. Rainfall has a significant adverse effect on wheat yield. Seasonal rainfall has been detrimental to wheat and rice yield in the study period, indicating that excess rainfall proved counterproductive. Pooled mean group (PMG) model confirms the robustness of the results obtained by FMOLS and DOLS techniques. Moreover, Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test has revealed a unidirectional causality running from minimum temperature, rainfall & maximum temperature to rice and wheat yield. The findings of the study suggest that the government should invest in developing stress-tolerant varieties of wheat and rice, managing crop residuals to curb further environmental effect and sustain natural resources for ensuring food security.
Photodynamic therapy in tuberculous pleural empyema
Authors: Nikonov S. D. , Smolentsev M N. , Krasnov D. V. , Bredikhin D. А. , Belogorodtsev S. N.
Published: June 2021

as a lethal outcome predictor. To enhance treatment efficacy, TPE local sanitation method utilizing antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been developed. This technique is based on the generation of oxygen radicals by the interaction of photosensitizers and light quanta which inactivate Mycobacterium tuberculosis and pyogenic flora. To assess the sanitizing and antimicrobial efficacy of PDT, 96 procedures were performed in 16 patients (in 14 cases, TPE was complicated by bronchopleural fistula, in 10 cases it developed after surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis). After intrapleural instillation of phthalocyanine aluminum 0.5 mg, all walls of the empyema cavity were irradiated by laser radiation with the wavelength of 662 nm and light density of 30-100 J/cm2. The response to PDT of tuberculous pleural empyema was reported in 93.75% of cases (n = 15), with complete response observed in 75% of cases (n = 12).
Oxa-Michael Addition Reactions of 3-hydroxy-2-azetidinones: Synthesis of 1, 3, 4-Trisubstituted-2-Azetidinones
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Mann Maninderjeet Kaur , Bhargava Gaurav
Published: June 2021

The manuscript describes a facile and an efficient methodology for the synthesis of 1, 3, 4 trisubstituted-β-lactams by base mediated oxa-Michael addition reactions of 3-hydroxy-2- azetidinones with acetylenic esters under different reaction conditions. These functionalized 1, 3, 4-trisubstituted-azetidin-2-ones are useful organic synthons for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds having diverse pharmacological applications.
EAD E O ENSINO DE LIBRAS: O CASO DA UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA (UnB)
Authors: Prometi Daniela , Castro Júnior Gláucio
Published: June 2021

Para contribuir para a temática proposta neste artigo, os autores propõem para discussão as considerações sobre o ensino de Língua de Sinais Brasileira (Libras), de acordo com o Decreto nº 5.626, de 22 de dezembro de 2005. A justificativa que motiva as reflexões sobre o tema é a obrigatoriedade nos cursos de licenciatura, inclusive nos cursos a distância, da disciplina Libras. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um breve relato da experiência do ensino de Libras na EaD na Universidade de Brasília (UnB) e enumerar algumas considerações importantes para a consolidação do ensino de Libras nesta modalidade de educação, haja vista que a importância desta modalidade de educação está crescendo no ensino de Libras e tem se tornado uma importante ferramenta para divulgar as contribuições da Educação a Distância no ensino de Libras no Brasil
EDUCAÇÃO ONLINE E AS IMPLICAÇÕES DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: Harasim Linda
Published: June 2021

A compreensão do conceito de Educação Online passa pela discussão dos muitos termos antitéticos que o cercam, os vários termos que são usados como sinônimos em lugar de subcategorias, as pedagogias que são implicadas por esse processo e as epistemologias que os sustentam. Neste artigo, propomo-nos a apresentar um horizonte teórico e uma pedagogia da Aprendizagem Colaborativa Online que permite o desenvolvimento de uma Inteligência Humana Aumentada, em oposição à ameaça representada pelo crescimento da Inteligência Artificial e de seu uso na educação. Para tanto, apresentamos o conceito de Educação Online, seu contexto histórico, teórico, epistemológico, tecnológico e suas perspectivas pedagógicas para afirmar a necessidade de canalizar o poder da educação online para aumentar a atuação humana e a sabedoria coletiva
How Our Technology Use Changed in 2020: Perspectives From Three Youths
Authors: Fadiran Babayosimi , Lee Jessica , Lemminger Jared , Jolliff Anna
Published: June 2021

The Technology and Adolescent Mental Wellness program (TAM) is a research program with the primary goals of promoting research on the topic of adolescent technology use and mental wellness, creatively disseminating that research, and fostering community among stakeholders. Our foundational question is this: How can technology support adolescent mental wellness? Youth are key stakeholders in pursuit of this foundational question. In this commentary, we invited 3 members of TAM’s youth advisory board to respond to the following question: “How did your technology use change in 2020?” Jessica, Jared, and Babayosimi describe their technology use during COVID-19 as dynamic, and neither uniformly positive nor negative. Further, these 3 youths differ in their perceptions of the same technologies—social media and online school, for example—as well as their perceived ability to self-regulate use of those technologies. We invite you to weigh these perspectives just as we do at TAM—not as empirical findings in themselves, but as examples of youth ideas for future empirical investigation.
Применение изотопной масс-спектрометрии для выявления фактов фальсификации и определения места происхождения продуктов пчеловодства
Authors: Талибова А.Г. , Файнберг В.С. , Ганин М.Г. , Федосеенко О.В. , Мозговая С.С. , Овчинников С.В.
Published: June 2021

Приведены результаты исследования изотопного состава различных сортов меда согласно Протоколу анализа АОАС 998.12, который широко применяется в ЕС, США, Канаде, Австралии и других странах в течение многих лет. Обсуждается основанная на оценке изотопных отношений ряда легких элементов методика выявления фальсифицированной продукции пчеловодства и подтверждения региона их происхождения. Для измерений рекомендуется применение ВЭЖХ–IRMS – изотопного масс-спектрометра Elementar (Англия). Показаны преимущества предложенного метода по сравнению с другими способами оценки качества и подлинности происхождения меда.
Перспективы использования нитрида кремния, модифицированного изотопом азот-15 высокого обогащения, при изготовлении оболочек ТВЭЛов
Authors: Семенов А.А. , Лизунов А.В. , Глебов А.В. , Макаров Ф.В. , Карпюк Л.А.
Published: June 2021

Рассмотрены свой­ства керамик на основе нитрида кремния и композитов на основе нитрида и карбида кремния. Отмечена важность создания новых материалов для оболочек тепловыделяющих элементов (ТВЭЛ) вместо циркониевых сплавов, которые могут вступать в реакцию с парами воды, создавая взрыво­опасные смеси на основе водорода. Приведен опыт АО «ВНИИНМ» по созданию новых материалов на основе карбида кремния для изготовления оболочек ТВЭЛов и показана возможность использования для этой цели смешанных композитов на основе карбида и нитрида кремния, модифицированного обогащенным изотопом азот-15. Рассмотрены перспективы создания крупномасштабного производства азота-15 для атомной энергетики как компонента смешанного нитридного уран-плутониевого топлива и возможность его использования при изготовлении оболочек ТВЭЛов из SiC / Si3N4 композита.
Определение соединений хлора в нефтепродуктах
Authors: Астахов А.В.
Published: June 2021

Обсуждаются важные для нефтяной отрасли вопросы определения содержания хлорорганических соединений (ХОС), присутствие которых затрудняет транспортировку и переработку углеводородного сырья. Приведена классификация ХОС по влиянию на оборудование и описаны способы устранения их отрицательного воздействия. Рассмотрены методы количественного определения ХОС в нефти, особый акцент сделан на хроматографии. Перечислены и обоснованы требования, которые предъявляются к хроматографическому оборудованию для анализа нефтепродуктов. Затронуты вопросы пробоподготовки и автоматизации анализа. Приведены примеры оборудования для проведения количественного анализа различных ХОС.
Проблемы классификации химических элементов в биомедицинских исследованиях
Authors: Кравчик М.В. , Новиков И.А.
Published: June 2021

Продолжается внедрение новых методов химического анализа в фундаментальные медико-­биологические исследования. Возникают дополнительные данные о содержании малых элементов в тканях, роль которых в химических реакциях организма может рассматриваться по аналогии с поведением уже изученных. Существующее многообразие классификаций химических элементов не в полной степени отражает их группировку по сходной роли в метаболизме, основанной на химическом родстве. В статье рассмотрены актуальные классификации химических элементов биологических систем и предложена новая систематизация, адаптированная для решения задач фундаментальной медицины.
Programa Agenda para el Desarrollo Municipal en Michoacán. Una mirada desde las instituciones de educación superior a diez años de su implementación
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), Larrazábal De la Via Alejandra Patricia , Fernandez Ramos Maria Lizeth ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Morelia (ITVM), Ramos Velázquez Anitzel ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Téllez Valencia Carlos Alberto ,   Centro de Estudios de Geografía Humana, El Colegio de Michoacán A.C, Mejía Guadarrama Leticia‌ ‌Isabel‌ , Carmona Jiménez María Estela ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), Cuevas García Gabriela ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), Páez Bistrain Rosaura ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), García Pérez Negrón Alejandra ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Morelia (ITVM)
Published: June 2021

Este libro es una obra colectiva que recoge las visiones y experiencias —de dedicación voluntaria— de algunas de las instituciones de educación superior (IES) que participaron en el programa Agenda para el Desarrollo Municipal durante sus primeros 10 años de implementación en el estado de Michoacán
Eduardo J. Couture y la literatura. La Parábola de los cuatro príncipes: la tolerancia y otros valores
Authors: Barnech Cuervo María Cecilia
Published: June 2021

Eduardo J. Couture es considerado como uno de las grandes juristas del S XX y, especialmente, reconocido por sus aportes en el área del derecho procesal. Sin embargo, tal vez no lo sea, en la misma medida, por su obra literaria. En el presente se abordan sus concepciones sobre la justicia, la libertad, el orden y la tolerancia en la Parábola de los cuatro príncipes, desde una mirada más estética, pero, no por ello, menos profunda. Este estudio permite también advertir sobre la relevancia de las posibles relaciones entre Derecho y literatura.
Derecho Penal y salud pública. Las respuestas ante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Uruguay
Authors: Pisciottano Juan Pablo
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo analiza las soluciones dadas por el Derecho Penal ante emergencias de salud pública y, en particular, a las propuestas ocasionadas por la pandemia de COVID-19. Para ello, en primer lugar, se presenta un repaso histórico por situaciones de emergencia sanitaria que desembocaron en normas penales de castigo a la transmisión de enfermedades. Luego, y ya en el marco de la actual pandemia, se analiza la propuesta de modificación del delito de violación a las disposiciones sanitarias (artículo 224 del Código Penal). Entre las conclusiones se destaca que la propuesta legislativa intenta recurrir a normas penales para solucionar un problema extra penal y que la criminalización de estas conductas no contribuye a la protección de la salud pública.
Exploring the Effects of Automated Pronunciation Evaluation on L2 Students in Thailand
Authors: Moxon Simon
Published: June 2021

A significant barrier to effective communication in a second language is the awareness and accurate reproduction of phonetic sounds absent in the mother tongue. This study investigated whether the automated evaluation of phonetic accuracy using speech recognition technology could improve the pronunciation skills of 105 (88 female, 17 male) Thai undergraduate students studying English in Thailand. A pre-test, post-test design was employed using treatment and control sample groups, reversed over two six-week periods. Treatment group students were given access to an online platform on which they could record and submit their speech for automated evaluation and feedback via SpeechAce, a speech recognition interface designed to evaluate pronunciation and fluency. Independent samples t-test analysis of the results showed statistically significant improvement in pronunciation accuracy of students in the treatment group when compared to those in the control group (t (89) = 2.086, p = .040, 95% CI [.083, 3.423]), (t (89) = -4.692, p < .001, 95% CI [-5.157, -2.089]). Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a weak to moderate, but statistically significant correlation between frequency of practise and pronunciation test score (r =.508, p < .001), (r = .384, p = .021). The study has limitations as the sample group was predominantly female, and time constraints limited students’ use of the software. Future studies should investigate possible gender differences and experiment with different forms of visual feedback.
Accuracy and Diagnostic Performance of Doppler Echocardiography to Estimate Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Heart Failure
Authors: Bjorkman Alva , Lund Lars H. , Faxen Ulrika , Lindqvist Per , Venkateshvaran Ashwin
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND. Multiple Doppler Echocardiography (DE) algorithms have been
proposed to estimate mean pulmonary artery pressure
(PAP) and assess pulmonary hypertension (PH)
likelihood. We assessed the accuracy of 4 different DE approaches to
estimate PAP in patients with heart failure (HF)
undergoing near-simultaneous right heart catheterization (RHC), and
compared their diagnostic performance to identify PH with
recommendation-advised tricuspid regurgitation peak velocity
(TRV). METHODS. PAP was
retrospectively assessed in 112 HF patients employing 4 previously
validated DE algorithms. Association and agreement with invasive
PAP were assessed. Diagnostic performance of DE methods
vs. TRV=2.8m/sec to identify invasive
PAP ≥ 25mmHg were compared. RESULTS. All DE algorithms
demonstrated reasonable association (r = 0.41 to 0.65;
p<0.001) and good agreement with invasive
PAP, with relatively lower mean bias and higher
precision observed in algorithms that included TRV or
velocity time integral. All methods demonstrated strong ability
(AUC=0.70-0.80; p<0.001) to identify PH but did not outperform
TRV (AUC=0.84; p<0.001). Echocardiographic
estimates of right atrial pressure were considered in 3 of 4 DE
algorithms and falsely elevated in as many as 30% of patients.
CONCLUSIONS. Echocardiographic estimates of PAP
demonstrate reasonable accuracy to represent invasive
PAP and strong ability to identify PH in HF. However,
even the best performing algorithm did not outperform
recommendation-advised TRV. The additional value of
echocardiographic estimates of right atrial pressure may need to be
re-evaluated.
A review on the emerging use of targeted therapy by Nanoparticles and Nano medicine
Authors: AIN NOOR , -Ul-Ain Noor , Ahsan Haiqa
Published: June 2021

There are number of innovations have been made in the field of medicine to give the ill patient the best of the treatment. As such the use of nanoparticles has also become an increasing demand because of their remarkable actions on the edge of targeted drug therapy. There are number of disorders that must be treated by the way as a specific treatment for the diseases like cancer in which the main purpose of the formation of these particles is to protect the healthy cells from the harmful effects of the drugs. And this could be only possible by making the drugs as specific in their action so these can only target the cells of interest as the abnormal one. Nano medicines are small particles which when given to the patient cause san improvement in the abnormality by better absorption and better distribution to the cells like abnormal one. So it is need of hour to make such drugs which have remarkable effects on the diseased part of body.
Epigenome-Wide Association Study Reveals Methylation Loci Associated With Offspring Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Exposure and Maternal Methylome
Authors: Canouil Mickaël , Khamis Amna , Keikkala Elina , Hummel Sandra , Lobbens Stephane , Bonnefond Amélie , Delahaye Fabien , Tzala Evangelia , Mustaniemi Sanna , Vääräsmäki Marja , Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta , Sebert Sylvain , Kajantie Eero , Froguel Philippe , Andrew Toby
Published: June 2021

Objective: Gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with a future offspring risk for the
development of obesity and insulin resistance in Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an
increased risk of obesity and insulin resistance in offspring later in life, which
might be explained by epigenetic changes in response to maternal hyperglycaemic
exposure.

Research Design and Methods: We explored the association of GDM
exposure on maternal blood and newborn cord-blood methylation of 536 mother-offspring
pairs from the prospective FinnGeDi cohort, using Illumina’s methylationEPIC BeadChip
850K arrays. We assessed two hypotheses First, we tested for shared maternal
and offspring epigenetic effects due to GDM exposure. Second, we tested whether
GDM exposure and maternal methylation has an epigenetic effect on the offspring.

Results: We did not find any epigenetic marks
(differentially methylated CpG probes) with shared and consistent effects
between mothers and offspring. After including maternal methylation in the
model, we identified a single significant (FDR = 1.38 x 10-2) CpG at
the cg22790973 probe (TFCP2)
associated with GDM. We identified seven additional FDR-significant interactions
of maternal methylation and GDM status, with the strongest association at the same
cg22790973 probe (TFCP2), plus cg03456133, cg24440941 (H3C6), cg20002843 (LOC127841), cg19107264, cg11493553 located in the UBE3C gene and cg17065901 in FAM13A, both  susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes and
BMI and cg23355087, within the DLGAP2
gene, known to be involved in insulin resistance during pregnancy.

Conclusion: Our study reveals the potential complexity
of the epigenetic transmission between GDM mothers and their offspring, likely determined
by not only GDM exposure, but also other factors indicated by maternal epigenetic
status, such as maternal metabolic history.
Ismertetés: Pozitív mentális egészségműveltség: a norvég ifjúság körében kifejlesztett és validált mérőeszköz
Authors: Maczali Katalin
Published: June 2021

A kutatás célja egy olyan mérőeszköz kifejlesztése volt, amely méri a fiatal felnőttek tudását a pozitív mentális egészségfejlesztési tényezőket érintően. Az „Alapvető pszichológiai szükségletek elméletét” (APSZE) használták a jó mentális egészség szempontjából fontos dimenziók méréséhez.
Könyvismertetés: A kutató-elit egyetem névadójának tiszteletére megjelent kötet: „A Semmelweis Egyetem Baráti Körének első negyedszázada az egyetemért”
Authors: Schmidt Péter
Published: June 2021

A Szerző egy a világ 10 legjelentősebb orvosai között számon tartott orvos-tudós, Semmelweis Ignác tiszteletére megjelentetett könyv ismertetését végzi. A 2015. év kulcsfontosságú a magyar orvostársadalom számára: Semmelweis Ignác halálának 150. évfordulóján, 2015-ben Chicago-ban, a világhírességek Pantheonjában életnagyságú szobrának felállítására került sor, és a világ “Semmelweis Év”-nek nyilvánította 2015-öt.
Ismertetés: A fiatalok kockázati viselkedésének és mentális egészségének szűrése: a YouthCHAT program
Authors: Maczali Katalin
Published: June 2021

A YouthCHAT egy fiatalokra specializált, önkitöltős, holisztikus, kockázati magatartást és mentális egészséget elektronikus formában szűrő és intervenciót tervező program, amelyet Új-Zélandon fejlesztettek ki. A cikk célja, hogy megvitassa ennek...
Beszámoló az egészségfejlesztő testmozgással foglalkozó nemzeti kapcsolattartók november 13–14-i, zágrábi üléséről
Authors: Veress Réka
Published: June 2021

Az Európai Unió Tanácsának az egészségfejlesztő testmozgás ágazatközi előmozdításáról 2013/C 354/01 szóló ajánlása (2013. november 26.) alapján, 2014 októberében megalakult az egészségfejlesztő testmozgással (Health-Enhancing Physical Activity, HEPA) foglalkozó kapcsolattartók...
On inflation in the Russian economy
Authors: Bolonin A. I.
Published: June 2021

For the economy is very important to have the amount of money in circulation, sufficient to serve the movement of goods and services without generating inflation, indicating an excess of money, so matching the growth rate of monetary and commodity weight control is an important task of the monetary system in all countries. During the time of the gold standard and bimetallism regulation of the economy as a whole was not considered as an important macroeconomic problem. But the economic crisis of 1929 - 1933 forced to reconsider these views and problems of regulation of financial and credit sphere began to be perceived as a function of a stable level of production and employment. The article describes the monetary factors of inflation in the economy and describes the causes, which can lead to programming of monetary growth in the Russian Federation. As the first group of factors impact on the volume of money in circulation in the national economy, the author defined low value added products produced in the country, based on the external market, and the absence, so the room for maneuver of financial resources to stabilize budget revenues with a deterioration in global market conditions. The weakening of the national currency provides large ruble revenues from exports, which reduces the growth of the budget deficit. But the decline of import revenues, which can compensate for the devaluation of the national currency, leads to higher prices in the domestic market due to the prevalence it offers imported goods. The second group of factors linked to the credit activity of banks, which consists in increasing primary issue in lending importers and secondary, which occurs during the formation of foreign exchange reserves by the Bank of Russia. Result of credit activity of banks is to increase money supply growth and the discrepancy between the higher growth of money in circulation and lower growth rates actually created in the production of value added, which leads to the weakening purchasing power of money and rising prices. Each reason has a direct impact on money supply growth and inflation initiates.
The Evolution of the Russian Approach to Multilateral Relations in the Post-Soviet Area
Authors: Kovalchuk A.
Published: June 2021

The article is an attempt to comprehend the changes in the Russian approach to the post-Soviet space. The analysis, based on the official government documents and speeches of Russian officials, reveals the stages of foreign policy in accordance with the current situation unfolding in the international arena. The Russian policy towards the nearest international environment shows changes in tactics, semantics and its focus on certain spheres of cooperation for the realization of its own interests. At the same time, the goal of foreign policy and the importance of "post-soviet space" remained the same. Although the postsoviet space in not a geographical region, Russian foreign policy refers to it as a whole. Russian leaders looked at the CIS as for it to become the "new confederation", with time, it turned out to be a platform to share common interests. The CIS has become a Forum for the elaboration of improvised automatisms and solutions among the interested countries. The CIS is not only a direction of foreign policy, but also the key element of success in Russia's policy towards international major powers. Over time, Russian foreign policy became more influenced by the external environment than the internal political and economic situation. The post-Soviet space in Russian foreign policy has evolved from the space of problems and threats into the arena of potential cooperation and integration processes.
Vestimentary eponyms in contemporary Spanish language
Authors: Slivchikova Y. V.
Published: June 2021

In a consequence of the perpetual changes in the world of fashion, which can be explained by the introduction of new tendencies, materials and designers, the vocabulary that describes clothing enlarges by the internal means of the language and with the help of lexical borrowing. The article considers the characteristic usage of terms-eponyms for clothing description in Spanish language. Eponyms complicate the learning of languages and translation being a result of the worldview reflection of a determinate group of people in a determined period of time. As the study sets out to find out and explain the connotative meanings of vestimentary eponyms and suggest an approach for synonyms choice from their family for the discourse purposes, the toponyms are not taken into consideration, and the study concentrates on the anthroponyms, proper nouns which identify people, because they can adjust special connotative meanings to the terms within cultural linguistics context. The author shows the examples of etymology of originally Spanish and borrowed terms. Their comparison allows to make out the principles for the classification, authenticity and internationality amongst them. This classification divides all the vestimentary terms-eponyms into two main groups (neutral and with connotative meaning). Then it is possible to systematize and explain the meaning of the second group. According to the study international borrowed terms-eponyms look to neutrality, but among other synonyms acquire the meaning of elitism. Not international vestimentary terms-eponyms have a special connotative meaning, which is known amongst native speakers, that is why while teaching or translating more attention should be paid to them.
Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.A. Kremenyuk and his contribution to the theory of the International Relations
Authors: Zvolinsky V. I.
Published: June 2021

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Social and religious aspects in "The sociological Russian-English dictionary" by S.A. Kravchenko
Authors: Kargina I. G.
Published: June 2021

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Prospects for the North America’ shale hydrocarbons development
Authors: Polyakova T. V.
Published: June 2021

An entire generation of American politicians were concerned about the growing U.S. dependence on imported oil and natural gas. However, in the last few years the situation has changed dramatically: there was started the development of not only the resources of shale gas, but shale oil. As a result in political and economic circles they began to talk about it as the most significant breakthrough in the energy resources development since the oil boom in Texas in the late 1920s. How large are these resources? What problems have to be overcome if the available potential will be realized? How will this problems affect the U.S. energy policy? Concerns about the adequacy of regulation, in particular the environmental issues associated with the non-conventional hydrocarbons production, have led to the internal public debate on the impact of unconventional oil and gas resources mining boom. One thing is clear: significant amounts of additional oil and gas supplies in the U.S. will have far-reaching political consequences for the world. The article presents the different points of view on the prospects for oil and gas production in North America, as well as on the political issues related to it.
De-offshorization as a Factor of Development of the National Economy
Authors: Panova G. S. , Turuev I. B. , Yarygina I. Z.
Published: June 2021

The article shows that the concept of "de-offshorization" is interpreted in the economic literature. On the one hand, de-offshorization is seen as a fight against offshore or tightening control over operations in offshore areas, and on the other as facilitating business environment and as a factor of development of the national economy. However, these approaches are not contrary to the understanding of the de-offshorization as a State policy aimed at improving the tax, legislative, enforcement and information sphere of activity of economic entities to reduce capital flight and repatriation. The analysis of the objectives and characteristics of the formation of offshore zones in the world and it is concluded that in general the offshore zone, favorable tax to optimize international economic cooperation, including trade and entrepreneurship. The article stresses that Russia currently has two approaches, the adherents of which have opposing views on combat offshore. Some consider that the need to impose a ban on business that manages the Russian business from foreign jurisdictions and prints there. Others are convinced that first of all it is necessary to improve the conditions for business in Russia, and then to demand the return of money. The authors offer a comprehensive solution to the problem of de-offshorization of the economy, which, in their view, should include not only economic, but also political, institutional, legal, fiscal and administrative components. In General, to ensure a stable, clear, transparent and objective rules of business in all sectors, to make the illegal withdrawal of capital/assets in offshore areas has a reputation and uneconomical. To this end, to take practical measures aimed at improving the transparency of the offshore business. In particular, the promising directions of the de-offshorization the Russian economy with international experience are defined: development and improvement of the financial, fiscal, institutional and legal and administrative spheres in order to attract foreign investment in the Russian Federation; minimization of offshore operations of business entities with State participation; optimization of the Bank of Russia activities as megaregulator of financial markets in Russia; expansion of Bank activities with Russian participation abroad to ensure the economic needs of business entities.
The Election System of the Swiss Confederation: Counting of Votes and Establishment of Election Results
Authors: Tarnavskaya M. A.
Published: June 2021

In the following article the author covers the process of counting the votes and the disclosure rules of establishment the election results in the Swiss Confederation. Switzerland along with other EU member states pays special attention to the determination of the election results. According to Art. 149 para. 2 Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation the elections to the National Council, which is one of two chambers of the Federal Assembly, are held according to proportional representation system. The Hagenbach-Bischoff system is used for allocating seats in National Council of the Swiss Con federation. However the above mentioned system for determining the quota of votes per each mandate creates ambiguous opinions among Swiss scientists and legal experts, which frequently comes up in discussions whether to modify it or not. In this article, the author also gives a brief description of the main political parties in Switzerland and statistics of seats allocation in 49 legislature of National Council following the elections of October 23, 2011. As a result, the author provides the full information on the process of votes counting and establishment of election results in the Swiss Confederation. The material presented in this article is particularly interesting and relevant in terms of improving the electoral legislation in the Russian Federation. The information presented by the author will be useful to all parties interested in electoral law.
70th ANNIVERSARY OF MGIMO-UNIVERSITY CULTURE AND VALUES: WEST-RUSSIA-EAST (XIX SHISHKIN SESSION)
Authors: Article Editorial
Published: June 2021

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“Soft power” of Russia in Eurasia
Authors: Shestopal A. V.
Published: June 2021

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West - Russia - East: national, geographic and historic values
Authors: Litvac N. V.
Published: June 2021

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Higher Education in Arab Countries: from Past to Present
Authors: Uspenskaya N. A.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the problems of higher education in the Arab countries from the time of caliphate in the 7th century to present time. The Arab caliphate had a number of scientific centres based on the principles of ancient Greek science and culture. The author stresses the role of interpreters and translators in the development of science, preservation and development of the ancient school of knowledge. Many of ancient scientific books appeared in Europe only in Arabic translation. That means that science and education in the Arab countries was mostly based on ancient science. One of great problems of education in the Arab countries is the recession of its quality and backwardness as compared to European education. The reason is lack of finances and unstable situation in the region. The author illustrates the article with the situation in educational institutions of Egypt. Egypt has one of the oldest and most individual systems of education in the Arab countries. The article shows secular universities as well as one of the most influential religion universities, Al-Azhar. Today, religion education in oriental countries is gaining more and more importance. Religion penetrates all spheres of society. The financial streams in the Arab countries are controlled by Muslim circles.
Russian Language in the Central Asia Region
Authors: Borishpolets K. P.
Published: June 2021

He article is devoted to the role of the Russian language in Central Asia and its development perspectives in the context of the Eurasian integration processes. Russian language has a long historical tradition in Central Asia and hasn't lost its importance even at the background of two waves of "derussification" that took place after 1991. Notwithstanding the decrease of the status, it keeps substantial public significance. During last two decades only in Turkmenistan we are witnessing the decrease in spreading of the Russian language among title population of the Central Asia region. Its positions as an active communication channel is secured not only by the social tradition, but also by the competitiveness of the Russian language education, advantages of the bilingual business, requirements of the labor migrants, HR interests and by some other pragmatic thoughts, which role within the context of Eurasian economic integration will increase. Despite the difficulties, it is too early to speak about the decrease of the Russian language in the Central Asia region. It is more likely that the institutes itself that maintain it and promoting it are at the low ebb. New scales and forms of practical work that is interested not only for Russia, but also Central Asia countries are required. Pressure on the resources of the Russian language increases the possibility of ethnic conflicts and strengthens the positions of political radicalism in Central Asia region.