bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bike sharing systems via birth-death process and simulation modelling
Authors: Wallwork Lena , Obinwanne Uchechukwu , Feng Wenying
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we present a simulation study for a bike-sharing network. The model is analyzed with the Birth-Death process as well as a multidimensional Markov queueing system. We evaluate the steady-state probability of running out of docking stations or bikes. The results provide guidelines for the setup of the network with optimized system efficiency.
Constitutional law of the Russian Federation, 2nd edition
Authors: Lukoyanov Denis
Published: March 2024

Constitutional law is the foundation of the domestic legal system. It determines the main parameters and directions of development of Russian law. The workshop on constitutional law is aimed not only at facilitating the formation of basic ideas about the fundamental values of the state and social system of Russia, about the constitutional and legal status of man and citizen, about the system of public authorities in the Russian Federation, but also to allow immersion in the learning environment, independently identify problems of understanding constitutional provisions, determine the features of their application.
The workshop presents the topics of the seminar sessions, gives questions for their study, defines the necessary regulatory framework and basic terms, and most importantly, offers a set of tasks and tasks of varying levels of complexity, the implementation of which has theoretical and practical significance. Each topic is accompanied by questions for discussion, which can become a subject for discussion, for scientific research, and can allow students to form their own reasoned opinion on problematic issues.
The manual is intended both for students and teachers, and for everyone who is interested in constitutional law and strives for a deeper mastery of theoretical material.
Enfoques multidisciplinarios hacia la sostenibilidad
Authors: Reyes Tovar Miriam
Published: March 2024

La obra que el lector tiene en las manos conjuga el esfuerzo de un grupo de investigadores en México y Colombia, un intento por establecer un trabajo que subraye la importancia de promover campos concretos de análisis y respuestas a los problemas que acompañan los espacios desiguales y se tornen en oportunidad de conocimiento. El manuscrito espera ofrecer una mirada multidisciplinaria sobre la sostenibilidad y los procesos de desarrollo sostenible, más allá de los discursos, y facilitar coyunturas específicas para su entendimiento.
Políticas recaudatorias enmascaradas como estímulos para combatir la informalidad
Authors: Obregon-Angulo Maria del Mar , Molina-Garnica Juan Antonio , Gonzalez-Hernandez Daniel
Published: March 2024

Con la entrada en vigor en el año 2022 del Régimen Simplificado de Confianza (RESICO), el gobierno promovió las facilidades y simplificaciones administrativas , dando un panorama ficticio de cumplimiento a los contribuyentes; el objetivo del estudio, demostrar las implicaciones administrativas que conlleva para las personas este nuevo esquema de cumplimiento, para el marco teórico se recabo información documental de legislaciones e informes gubernamentales del régimen previo al RESICO, conocido como Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal (RIF), elaborando un comparativo de carga administrativa entre ambos regímenes, aplicando en un estudio de caso de una empresa dedicada a la preparación de alimentos, los resultados. una mayor carga administrativa distintas de la que se le había informado en el servicio de administración tributaria, dado a que este, solo informo aspectos relevantes relacionados con el Impuesto sobre la renta (ISR). Se concluyó que se enfocaron únicamente en los beneficios de ISR durante la promoción del régimen fiscal, dejando de lado elementos relacionados con el Impuesto al valor agregado (IVA), Contabilidad, facturación, entre otros, generando un panorama de incertidumbre a los emprendedores que decidieron formalizar sus negocios, creyendo en una publicidad que otorgaba información limitada. Se presentan recomendaciones para los emprendimientos y para futuras investigaciones.
Publicly Shared Data: A Gap Analysis of Researcher Actions and Institutional Support throughout the Data Life Cycle
Authors: Petters Jonathan , Taylor Shawna , Hofelich Mohr Alicia , Carlson Jake , Ge Lizhao , Herndon Joel , Kozlowski Wendy , Moore Jennifer , Hudson Vitale Cynthia
Published: March 2024

Publicly Shared Data: A Gap Analysis of Researcher Actions and Institutional Support throughout the Data Life Cycle examines research data management and sharing practices at six research-intensive academic institutions: Cornell University, Duke University, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, Virginia Tech, and Washington University in St. Louis. Sponsored by the US National Science Foundation (grant #2135874) and part of ARL’s Realities of Academic Data Sharing (RADS) Initiative, this report highlights where service gaps may exist between researchers’ needs and the services and support provided by institutions. This report offers guidance for academic institutions aiming to improve coordination of their research data management and sharing services and infrastructure. It is particularly relevant for institutions developing strategies to support researchers effectively and efficiently in response to existing and forthcoming federal mandates on data sharing. This report is also useful in institutional planning for resource allocation of research data management and sharing services towards compliance as well as broader open science objectives.
Pengaruh Status Gizi terhadap Jangka Reproduksi Perempuan pada Tiga Kecamatan di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Nurhayu Winati , Restina Syefia Azmi , Maretta Gres
Published: March 2024

The maturity of women's reproductive organs can be characterized by the onset of the first menstruation, known as menarche, while the concluding phase is referred to as menopause. The time frame spanning from menarche to menopause is known as the reproductive period. One crucial factor influencing the reproductive period is nutritional status. Optimal body fat reserves tend to extend the reproductive period, whereas inadequate reserves can have the opposite effect. Notably, women residing in urban areas often experience a more extended reproductive period compared to their rural counterparts. The aim of this study was to assess the reproductive period of women in three sub-districts in South Lampung and to analyze the potential impact of nutritional status on the individual reproductive period. The study was conducted between January and April 2023 in the sub-districts of Jati Agung, Natar, and Kalianda. Data was gathered from a total of 57 respondents through interviews and physical measurements. Nevertheless, only 18 respondents met the criteria and were further analyzed. Nutritional status was evaluated using the body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (PBF). The findings revealed that the average reproductive period for women in the three South Lampung sub-districts was 37.06 years. The average age for menarche was 14.22 years, while the average age for menopause was 51.28 years. However, the study did not find a significant correlation between nutritional status and the reproductive period of women in the three examined sub-districts of South Lampung.
PENGARUH CAMPURAN BELERANG DAN SEMEN PORTLAND TERHADAP UJI GESER LANGSUNG DAN KUAT TEKAN BEBAS TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Triutami Nova , Gandi Suradji , Hendri Okrobianus
Published: March 2024

Tanah gambut merupakan tipe tanah yang kurang baik sebagai tanah dasar konstruksi, dan memiliki karakteristik yang sangat lunak. Untuk memperbaiki sifat tanah gambut tersebut, maka dilakukan dengan cara stabilisasi tanah. Metode stabilisasi tanah yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan belerang dan semen portland sebagai bahan campurannya. Pengujian dilakukan dengan metode observari lapangan dan eksperimental, yang diawali pada pengambilan sampel tanah (hand boring) dan dilakukan pemeriksaan di Laboratorium yaitu sifat fisik tanah asli, pengujian geser langsung dan kuat tekan bebas. Hasil pengujian sifat fisik tanah diperoleh kadar air (w) 244,74 % , menurut ASTM D 2980 termasuk kategori slightly absorbent, diperoleh berat jenis (Gs) sebesar 1,28. Jumlah kadar serat yang diperoleh 76,74 %, menurut ASTM D 4427 tanah gambut termasuk dalam kategori gambut fibric dengan kadar serat antara > 67 %. Hasil pengujian kuat geser langsung nilai kohesi (c) meningkat sebesar 9 % dari kadar optimum belerang 5 % dan semen portland 10 % pada pemeraman 14 hari, dan sudut geser (Ï†) meningkat sebesar 7 % dari kadar optimum belerang 2,5 % dan semen portland 10 % pada 14 hari pemeraman. Untuk pengujian kuat tekan bebas terjadi peningkatan kuat tekan bebas (qu) sebesar 20,9 % diperoleh dari kadar optimum belerang 5 % dan semen portland 10 % dengan waktu pemeraman 14 hari sedangkan pada kohesi (c) terjadi kenaikan sebesar 10,4 % pada kadar optimum belerang 5 % dan semen portland 10 % pada pemeraman 7 hari.
La Comunidad en el debate antropológico latinoamericano
Authors: Fábregas Puig Andrés
Published: March 2024

Review of:
Communities, Utopias and Futures. Debates for the XXI century, José Eduardo Zárate, Editor, Mexico: El Colegio de Michoacán, 2022.
Reconsidering the Relationship between the State, Donors, and NGOs in Bangladesh (Distinguished Lecture)
Authors: Charles H. Kennedy
Published: March 2024

The growth in size and significance of NGOs and particularly of Grameen Bank and the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) in Bangladesh challenges the idealtypical relationship between the state, donors and NGOs. Such an ideal envisions a clear demarcation of roles in which NGOs compete with other NGOs for resources from the state and/or donors and one in which NGO activities and programmes are regulated or held accountable by their respective funding sources. The emergence of large multitasking NGOs in a relatively small and weak state such as Bangladesh belies this ideal. Grameen and BRAC compete with government ministries for donor funding; statal institutions designed to regulate the activities of such NGOs are functionally ineffective; and international donors face insuperable hurdles in assessing accountability.
Demographic Dividend or Demographic Threat in Pakistan?
Authors: Durr-e- Nayab
Published: March 2024

Population growth and size have remained the focus of debate for centuries but the recent demographic transition in developing countries has made social scientists take note of the changing age structure of the population as well. As a result of declining population growth and consequent changes in age structure, the proportion of working-age population is increasing in most developing countries. An associated decline in the dependent age population offers a window of opportunity, referred to as the ‘demographic dividend’. Pakistan is also going through the demographic transition, and is experiencing a once-in-a-lifetime demographic dividend as the working-age population bulges and the dependency ratio declines. This paper looks into the demographic dividend being offered to Pakistan and its implications for the country, mainly through three mechanisms: labour supply, savings, and human capital. For economic benefits to materialise, there is a need for policies dealing with education, public health, and those that promote labour market flexibility and provide incentives for investment and savings. On the contrary, if appropriate policies are not formulated, the demographic dividend might, in fact, be a cost, leading to unemployment and an unbearable strain on education, health, and old age security.
Effectiveness of the Exchange Rate Channel in Monetary Policy Transmission in Pakistan
Authors: Fayyaz Hussain, Mehak Ejaz
Published: March 2024

The exchange rate is one of the most important channels of monetary policy transmission to the real economy. However, the effectiveness of this channel depends on the extent of exchange rate flexibility, degree of international capital mobility, and inflation expectations. Like other emerging economies, Pakistan is typically characterised by weak fiscal and monetary institutions, currency substitution, liability dollarisation, and vulnerability to sudden stops of capital flows. These features compel emerging economies to follow managed exchange rate regimes by restricting the mobility of capital flow. All these factors weaken the effectiveness of the exchange rate channel of monetary policy transmission. This study estimates the effectiveness of the exchange rate channel in monetary policy transmission in Pakistan and explores the impact of exchange rate regimes on the channel’s strength. The study benefitted from the widely used structural VARs methodology and found that the exchange rate channel is less effective in transmitting monetary policy shocks to the real economy. In recent years, however, greater flexibility in the exchange rate has improved the effectiveness of this channel.
Public-Private Partnerships in Education: Evaluating the Education Management Organisations Programme in Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Gul Muhammad Rind, Dhani Bux Shah
Published: March 2024

The focus of this study was to investigate public-private partnerships (PPPs) in education, in this instance by evaluating the Educational Management Organisations (EMOs) Program in Sindh, Pakistan. The study was guided by the research questions that were intended to evaluate to what extent, how, in what way, and for whom the PPP mode of education through EMOs improves access to education, ensures quality and equity in education, and sustainability in the context of Sindh, Pakistan. We chose the realist evaluation as a methodological approach, applied New Public Management as a theoretical framework to answer the research questions, and adopted a mixed methods research design. The findings indicate that PPPs through EMOs have some advantages in terms of better governance of schools through autonomy and decentralisation. The schools’ accountability, monitoring, and evaluation have somehow improved. However, the broader impact of EMO reform still does not reflect in increasing access, overall quality, and ensuring equity.
PIDE Commentary: On the 23rd IMF Programme for Pakistan
Authors: A PIDE COMMENTARY
Published: March 2024

International Monetary Fund (IMF) issued a staff report on the seventh and eighth reviews of the extended arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) on September 1, 2022. As per the review report, the authorities of Pakistan are allowed to draw USD 1.1 billion, keeping in view the measures taken by authorities to address fiscal and external challenges. The IMF board has also approved the extension of the EFF till June 2023 along with extra Special Drawing Rights (SDR) of 720 million and that brings the total access under the EFF to about USD 6.5 billion. The review report has also identified some priority measures to be considered by the Pakistani authorities, such as the implementation of an approved budget, marketdetermined exchange rate policy, proactive and prudent monetary policy, the expansion of  the social safety net, and structural reforms related to the performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and governance. The set of measures that have been identified contains both short-term and medium-term measures to promote long-term growth. In this regard, the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) has also been working extensively to identify the measures that are necessary to remove the bottlenecks in the economy to improve productivity and increase growth. Therefore, the objective of this document is twofold, i.e., a commentary on the measures suggested by the review report, and what other measures should be part of the programme.
The Poor State of Financial Markets in Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Mehmood, Ahmad Fraz
Published: March 2024

Financial markets (bond and stock markets), in conjunction with financial intermediaries (banks, insurance companies, pension funds) perform the important task of channelling surplus loanable funds from households, businesses, government and foreigners to households, businesses and governments in an efficient manner. This transfer of funds proceeds through a ‘direct’ and an ‘indirect’ channel, depicted in the diagram. A brief description of the structure of the financial market their main function and working is presented in the following table.
A New Measure of Inequality in Asian Economies
Authors: Pasha Hafiz A.
Published: March 2024

The paper describes a new measure of inequality the Pashum ratio, which was first used in the UNDP Human Development Report for 2020 of Pakistan. The latest estimates of the extent of income inequality are derived from 18 Asian economies using the Gini coefficient and the Pashum ratio respectively. The relative position of nine out of the 18 countries varies in the two measures. Also, the greatest inequality among quintiles is observed in virtually all countries between the top and the second quintile. A number of inequality measures have been developed in the literature. The first and the simplest measure is the quintile dispersion ratio which is the ratio of the share of the top quintile and the bottom quintile. This measure focuses only on the extreme of a distribution.
The influence of job category (rank) in the occurrence of infectious diseases among police personnel in south eastern Nigeria from 2012 to 2021
Authors: Charles Nduka Ikemereh  , Barinua Kekii Gbaranor  , Omokorie Kalu Obasi  , Ado-Baba Ahmed  , Ado-Baba Ahmed  , Mariam N onye Onuzulike  , Frances Izuchukwu Eberendu  , Williams Amebeobari Mube  , Olatoye Durosunmi  , Chimezie Stanley Chukwu
Published: March 2024

The occurrence of infectious diseases among police officers is one of the neglected areas in health and scientific research. The aim of this study is to ascertain and assess the influence of job category (rank) in the occurrence of infectious diseases among police personnel in south eastern Nigeria from 2012 to 2021. The study was designed as a retrospective study using data from the central police clinics/hospitals for the period of ten years covering 2012 – 2021. The study population comprised all the recorded infectious disease data in the three police clinics/hospitals of study for police personnel documented from January 2011 to December 2021. Occurrences of infectious diseases were analysed through descriptive techniques such as construction of the frequency distribution and distribution charts. Chi-square test was performed to test for associating variables of interest in the study. The probability value (P) was used to interpret the significance level at 5% and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study found the overall rate of occurrence infectious diseases among police officers as 21.1% in the study area. Significant associating factors of infectious diseases occurrence among police personnel found in the study for job category is (P < 0.0001, χ2=74.91, df = 1). Police officers at junior category were the most affected (24.1%) compared to the officers at senior category (11.9%). the rate of occurrence of infectious diseases is significant among junior category (rank) police personnel in the South Eastern Nigeria.
How digital marketing evolved over time: A bibliometric analysis on Scopus database
Authors: Sangeeta Rajput  , Samrat Ray
Published: March 2024

The following research work traces the trends and patterns in the development of digital marketing as a science over a period of time with colloborative, strategic inputs from various authors. A bibliometric analysis has been formulated to understand the evolution of digital marketing between 2000 and 2019 on various key parameters like citations, author contribution, patterns and trends in its developmental stages. Researchers gain futuristic knowledge by analysing such patterns and best practices through such analysis. The analysis is done through various analysis like citation analysis, descriptive statistics, author contribution anlaysis and visualization techniques to better understand and recommend futuristic goals and aspiration as in research objectives. The analysis has wide spread industry applications with understanding of definite patterns in evolutionary matrix wherein digital marketing is concerned through new ideas and innovation. There lies greater scopes for future developments based on this particular research area for understanding the scopes of authors
Mathematical Lens on Administrative Services: A mathematical perspective on the administrative services of certain staffers in certain institution
Authors: YANG LIU
Published: March 2024

The application of mathematics in administrative services is multifaceted, enhancing decision-making, operational efficiency, and strategic planning. Mathematical techniques are crucial in formulating and solving both theoretical and practical problems across various fields, including business and management. This paper explores the complex issues of unfairness or bureaucracy within the administrative services of certain staffers of a certain institution. By employing advanced mathematical concepts, we model and analyze these problems to gain deeper insights into their causes and potential solutions. The paper introduces novel mathematical frameworks to quantify and assess the impact of these issues on the overall functioning of the institution.
Factors affecting the implementation of the fifth patient safety goals in inpatient unit: Literature review
Authors: Karisma Nur Hidayati
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Patient safety is a condition where there is no danger that threatens the patient during the patient care process and the risk of harm is reduced. Infection prevention and control in inpatient units is a challenge because there are so many Adverse Events that occur in them. Objective: To Determine the factors that influence or hinder the implementation of the fifth patient safety goals in inpatient unit. Method: Using the literature review method. Article searches were carried out through the Garuda Portal database and Google Scholar using the keywords patient safety, patient safety goals, inpatient units. In total, 5 research results obtained articles that met the inclusion criteria. Result: Based on the results of a review of 5 articles showing that several factors that influence or hinder the implementation of the fifth patient safety goals inpatient unit are age, knowledge, work environment, and supervision, as well as attitudes and motivation of health workers. Conclusion: Factors that influence the implementation of the fifth patient safety goals in inpatient unit are influenced by 3 important factors: individual factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors.
EFEKTIVITAS KELAS PERSIAPAN MENYUSUI BERBASIS DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMBERIAN ASI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SERIMBU KABUPATEN LANDAK
Authors: Viha Suviha , Sulistiawati Rini , Rachmaida Arlina
Published: March 2024

Pendahuluan : Rendahnya pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat berdampak pada kualitas dan daya hidup pada generasi penerus. Cakupan ASI eksklusif pada bayi 0-6 bulan di Kabupaten Landak 43,4% dan Kecamatan Air Besar termasuk yang ketiga terendah, yaitu 6,3%. ASI dianggap kurang atau tidak cukup pada hari ke 1-7 kelahiran, sehingga keluarga menganjurkan untuk memberikan makanan tambahan berupa susu formula sampai ASI dianggap cukup. Ibu kandung atau ibu mertua memiliki pengaruh penting dalam mendukung keberhasilan ASI karena dianggap sebagai sumber informasi oleh ibu bayi.Tujuan: menganalisis efektivitas kelas persiapan menyusui berbasis dukungan keluarga terhadap pemberian ASI di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Serimbu Kabupaten Landak.Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan posttest design  with control. Yang terdiri dari kelompok intervensi berupa kelas persiapan menyusui berbasis dukungan keluarga dan kelompok kontrol berupa kelas ibu hamil biasa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan ≥34 minggu diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Serimbu. Teknik sampling dengan menggunakan total sampel berjumlah 30 responden, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 15 sampel. Analisis menggunakan uji Chi Kuadrat.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji hipotesis pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α<0,05), menunjukkan bahwa ibu yang mengikuti kelas persiapan menyusui  berbasis dukungan keluarga meningkatkan pemberian ASI eksklusif dibanding ibu yang hanya mengikuti kelas ibu hamil saja dengan nilai p=0,023 lebih kecil dari 0,05 yang artinya kelas persiapan menyusui berbasis dukungan keluarga efektif dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif hari ke 1-7.Kesimpulan: Kelas persiapan menyusui berbasis dukungan keluarga efektif dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif hari ke-1 sampai dengan hari ke-7
PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL PRIMIGRAVIDA TENTANG TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN
Authors: Nurmaliza Nurmaliza
Published: March 2024

The number of maternal deaths collected from family health program records at the Ministry of Health increases every year. In 2021 there were 7,389 deaths in Indonesia. This number shows an increase compared to 2020 of 4,627. Pregnancy danger signs are signs that indicate dangers that may occur during pregnancy or the antenatal period, which if not reported or detected could lead to maternal death. Pregnant women need good knowledge about danger signs in pregnancy. If pregnant women know about the danger signs in pregnancy, mothers can plan their pregnancy well and immediately go to a health worker if it is a high-risk pregnancy. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between primigravida pregnant women's knowledge about the danger signs of pregnancy in the working area of the Pratama Afiyah Pekanbaru clinic in 2023. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional research design. The population of this study was 85 people with a sample of 70 respondents. Sampling used a non-probability sampling technique using a purposive sampling method. Data processing was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test. From the research results, a P - value < α was obtained, namely (0.000 < α 0.5). So Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a relationship between knowledge and the attitude of primigravida pregnant women regarding the danger signs of pregnancy in the Pratama Afiyah Pekanbaru Clinic working area in 2023. It is hoped that the research site in the Pratama Afiyah Pekanbaru Clinic Working Area will be able to increase education and socialization about the signs. danger in pregnancy
Perbedaan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Tentang Emesis Gravidarum Di Puskesmas Siantan Tengah Kota Pontianak
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Safitri Yuliana , Dianna Dianna
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Kehamilan menjadi pengalaman baru bagi seorang perempuan, adanya perubahan fisiologis menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan baik fisik maupun psikis. Ketidaknyamanan emesis gravidarum adalah gejala mual muntah yang umumnya terjadi pada trimester pertama, sering terjadi pada 60-80%  primigravida dan 40–60% multigravida, untuk itu perlunya pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang emesis gravidarum. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi menggunakan media booklet di Puskesmas Siantan Tengah Kota Pontianak. Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian yang digunakan Pre-Eksperimental Design dengan pendekatan One Group Pretest-Posttest, lokasi penelitian di ruang tunggu Puskesmas Siantan Tengah, sampel yang digunakan 30 responden, menggunakan teknik sampel total sampling, data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi booklet. Hasil: Ada perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi booklet emesis gravidarum di Puskesmas Siantan Tengah Kota Pontianak (p = 0,000).
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DAN PERILAKU PERSONAL HYGINE DALAM MENCEGAH KEPUTIHAN PADA SANTRI
Authors: Afifah Siti , Herawati Meirita
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang : Dampak keputihan khususnya pada remaja menyebabkan rasa tidak nyaman dan keputihan patologis yang berlangsung terus menerus akan menyebabkan infertilitas dan Infeksi menular Seksual. Meningkatnya beban pikiran memicu peningkatan hormon adrenalin. Meningkatnya sekresi hormon adrenalin menyebabkan penyempitan pembuluh darah dan mengurangi elastisitas pembuluh darah. Kondisi ini menyebabkan aliran hormon esterogen ke organ – organ tertentu termasuk vagina terhambat sehingga asam laktat yang dihasilkan berkurang. Berkurangnya asam laktat menyebabkan keasaman vagina berkurang sehingga bakteri, jamur dan parasit penyebab keputihan mudah berkembang. Kegiatan pembelajaran di pondok pesantren lebih padat daripada sekolah formal biasa kegiatan tersebut dapat membuat santri mengalami kecemasan  Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecemasan dan perilaku personal hygine dalam mencegah keputihan pada santri kelas 3 PDF Ulya putri Pondok Pesantren Darul Muhaqiqin. Metode :Penelitian ini menggunakan analitik deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional yang melibatkan seluruh remaja putri  sebanyak 31 orang, teknik pengambilan sampel Total Sampling. Insrumen penelitian adalah kuesioner. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan Fisher's Exact Test.  Hasil : terdapat hubungan  tingkat kecemasan dengan perilaku personal hygiene dalam mencegah keputihan pada santri kelas 3 PDF Ulya Putri Pondok Pesantren Darul Muhaqiqin dengan Pvalue 0,002(< 0,05).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan tingkat kecemasan dengan perilaku personal hygiene dalam  mencegah keputihan pada santri.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Ceremai Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Metode Difusi
Authors: Rizqial Farchan Ananda , Suwandi Edy , Slamet Slamet
Published: March 2024

Buah ceremai biasanya diolah sebagai manisan atau penyedap masakan karena rasanya yang asam. Buah ceremai belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Biasanya buah ceremai yang sudah matang hanya dibiarkan jatuh ke tanah atau dijadikan manisan karena rasanya yang asam. Buah ceremai diantaranya mengandung flavonoid, tanin dan saponin yang diduga memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak etanol buah ceremai terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureu dengan metode difusi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimenta semu dengan teknik pengambilan purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah buah ceremai di kawasan JL, Negara Anjungan-Mandor KM 71 RT/RW 06/003 Desa Dema, Kec anjongan Kab. mempawah. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah buah ceremai yang tidakÂ  busuk, ceremai hijau kekuningan. Konsentrasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80% dengan Â replikasi sebanyak 6 kali. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik regresi linier sederhana pengujian diperoleh nilai p value = 0,000 <a 0,05 sehingga dinyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara konsentrasi ekstrak etanol buah ceremai terhadap diameter daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus metode difusi.
UJI AKTIVITAS TROMBOLITIK EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG TEMULAWAK SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Hardini Khaulani Refsi , Nurhayati Etiek , Wahdaniah Wahdaniah
Published: March 2024

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Temulawak dikenal oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai tanaman obat berkhasiat.Temulawak ampuh mengatasi penyakit kuning,diare,maag,menurunkan lemak darah,mencegah pengumpalan darah,dan sebagai antioksidan.ekstrak rimpang temulawak mengandung senyawa berupa flavonoid,akoid,tanin.triterpenoid,saponin,dan glikosida.flavonoid berperan atas trombolitik dengan cara meningkatkan kandungan activator plasminogen jaringan dan mengurangi plasminogen activator inhibitor.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang di bandingkan dengan nattokinase terhadap presentase bekuan lisis.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental semu yakni secara ini vitro menggunakan metode yang dikembangkan oleh prased et al.(2017) dan dimodifikasi oleh kawsar et al., (2011). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan sampel ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang dibuat melalui metode maserasi pelarut etanol pada konsentrasi 0,1, 0,2, dan 0,3 % yang dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 9 kali.aktivitas trombolitik ditentukan dengan menghitung presentase bekuan lisis dari sampel darah.Â  Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Hasil uji univariat aktivitas trombolitik paling tinggi adalah pada konsentrasi 0,3% yaitu sebesar 42.19%. kemudian dari hasil uji statistik regresi linear menunjukan nilai signifiknasi p value =0.000 < aÂ  0,05 yang artinya H diterima sehingga dinyatakan ada aktivitas trombolitik ekstrak etanol rimpang temulak secara invitro.Aktivitas ttrombolitak ekstrak etanol rimpang temulawak yang diperoleh sebesar 95,9%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa rimpang temulawak memiliki potensi sebagai agen trombolitik.Â
Perbedaan Pemberian Tablet Fe Dan Pisang Nangka Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Secara In-Vivo
Authors: Herfani Kurnia , Wahdaniah Wahdaniah , Sari Emilda
Published: March 2024

Anemia adalah kondisi dimana berkurangnya sel darah merah dalam sirkulasi darah atau massa hemoglobin sehingga tidak mampu mememnuhi fungsinya sebagai pembawa oksigen keseluruhan jaringan. Anemia biasanya disebabkan karena kekurangan unsur zat besi atau yang iasanya disebut dengan anemia defesiensi besi merupakan jenis anemia terbanayk didunia. Pisang memilikikandungan zat besi sekitar 5mg meskipun lebih rendah kandungannya zat besinya dibandinkan dengan kedelai tapi pisang banyak mengandung asam folat atau vitamin B6 yang larut dalam air, yang diperlukan untuk membuat asam nukleat dan hemoglobin dalam sel darah merah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pisang nangka terhadap kadar hemoglobin tikus. Jenis penelitian true eksperimen One-Group Pretest-Posttest Desiggn. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah tikus putih betinna galur witar. Besar sampelnya adalah 27 tikus 3 kelompok perlakuan. Pengecekan kadar hemoglobin dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan.Tikus yang diintervesi dengan pemberian pisang mengalami kenaikan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin sebesar 17,7 gr/dl menjadi 18,4 gr/dl. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pemberian tablet Fe dan pisang terhadap kadr hemoglobin tikus.
Gambaran Angka Kuman Air Cucian Tangan Antara Pedagang Kaki Lima Dengan Warung Makan Di Desa Sungai Raya
Authors: Sugito Sugito , Phani Chika Padila , Syari Jajar
Published: March 2024

Air merupakan kebutuhan pokok bagi kehidupan manusia, dimana kebutuhan air dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sangat penting baik di lingkungan rumah tangga maupun industri Pencemaran air bisa terjadi dari virus, bakteri patogen, parasit dan zat kimia, zat kimia dapat terjadi pada sumber air atau pun terjadi pada saat pengaliran air olahan dari pusat pengolahan ke konsumen Beberapa penyakit menular yang diakibatkan oleh pencemaran air adalah Hepatitis A, Poliomyelins, Cholera, Typus, Dysentri Amoeba, Ascariasis, Trachoma.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah angka kuman yang terkandung dalam air pencuci tangan dari pedagang kaki lima dan warung makan.Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Casual comparative dengan teknik pengambilan sampel sampling jenuh. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah air pencuci tangan pedagang kaki lima sebanyak 9 sampel dan sampel air pencuci tangan warung makan sebanyak 18 sampel yang terdapat di Desa Sungai Raya. Sampel penelitian ini adalah air pencuci tangan dari pedagang kaki lima dan warung makan yang terdapat di wilayah Desa Sungai Raya. Angka kuman diperiksa dengan menggunakan media Nutrien Agar.Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan angka kuman air pencuci tangan pada pedagang kaki lima didapatkan nilai minimum 13746 dengan nilai maksimum 905706 dan nilai rata-rata diperoleh 148730,11.
Analisis Kadar Vitamin C Infused Water Lemon (Citrus lemon) Dan Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) Terhadap Lama Perendaman
Authors: Sari Emilda , Napitupulu Angel Ruth , Indrawati Ratih
Published: March 2024

Alternatif untuk mendorong orang minum air putih lebih banyak salah satunya adalah Infused water. Infused water atau spa water adalah air putih dengan irisan buah atau sayuran segar di dalamnya. Proses tersebut membuat sari-sari dari buah yang direndam dalam air putih akan keluar dan air putih tersebut akan memberikan manfaat yang lebih, Salah satunya adalah kandungan vitamin C dari buah yang akan larut dalam air. Pembuatan infused water tidak memiliki standar baku, sehingga dalam proses perendaman memiliki bermacam-macam variasi waktu. Semakin lama waktu perendaman memungkinkan vitamin C lebih banyak mengalami leaching ke dalam larutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama perendaman terhadap kadar vitamin C infused water lemon (Citrus limon) dan kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Pertanian Politeknik Negeri Pontianak pada tanggal 20 Mei 2019. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah infused water lemon dan kiwi dengan perendaman selama 4 jam, 6 jam, 8 jam, dan 10 jam. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan banyaknya pengulangan pada tiap kelompok perlakuan adalah 6, dengan total sampel 24. Metode pemeriksaan yang digunakan adalah metode spektrofotometri. Hasil pemeriksaan kadar Vitamin C Infused Water lemon dan kiwi pada lama perendaman 4 jam, 6 jam, 8 jam, 10 jam diperoleh kadar vitamin C rata-rata sebesar 11,91 ppm, 13,53 ppm, 15,90 ppm, 18,00 ppm. Hasil pemeriksaan dianalisa dengan uji regresi linier didapatkan hasil nilai signifikansi p = 0,000< 0,05 maka Ha diterima, artinya ada pengaruh lama perendaman terhadap kadar vitamin C infused water lemon (Citrus limon) dan kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa).Â
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Simpur Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Mencit Metode In Vivo
Authors: Suwandi Edy , Muarofah Siti Najatun , Slamet Slamet
Published: March 2024

Salah satu tanaman yang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah adalah simpur. Bagian daun dari simpur biasa digunakan sebagai obat herbal untuk antidiabetes. Kandungan senyawa saponin, flavonoid, dan tanin pada tanaman ini dikenal memiliki aktivitas antidiabetes Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun simpur dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit metode in vivo Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi experiment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mencit (Mus musculus) jantan galur Swiss Webster. Sampe ang digunakan adalah 27 ekor mencit jantan yang dipilih sesuai dengan kriteria kemudian dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perlakuan. Dimana kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari kelompok, dosis 4,2 mg/20grBB, dosis 8,4 mg/20grBB dan dosis 16,8 mg/20grBB yang masing-masing dilakukan 9 kali pengulangan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Purposive Sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode glukosa oral. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik uji Regresi Linear Sederhana untuk dosis 4,2 mg/20grBB, dosis 8,4 mg/20grBB dan dosis 16,8 mg/20grBB didapatkan p value 0,000 <a 0,05 maka H, ditolak dan Hi diterima, yang berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara ekstrak etanol daun simpur dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit metode in vivo.
Efek Ekstrak Metanol Daun Pucuk Merah Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah
Authors: Syari Jajar Pramata
Published: March 2024

Blood glucose level is the amount of glucose in the blood. High blood glucose levels can be lowered with traditional plants such as red shoots. The leaves of the red shoots are commonly used as herbal medicine as antibacterial, antioxidant and antidiabetic. The content of flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols found in red shoots is known to have antidiabetic activity. The purpose of this study was to explain the effect of giving red shoots leaf extract on blood glucose levels. The method used is the enzymatic method with a glucometer. This research methodology is a Quasi Experimental Design. The population and samples in this study were male (Mus musculus) mice, 2-3 months old and weighing 20-30 grams with 3 treatments, namely 200 mg/kgBW, 400 mg/kgBW, 600 mg/kgBW. The results of the Simple Linear Regression test for a dose of 200 mg/kgBW, a dose of 400 mg/kgBW and a dose of 600 mg/kgBW obtained p value = 0.000 < 0.05 then Ha is accepted, which means that there is a significant effect between red shoot leaf extract on levels of blood glucose.
PENGARUH DAYA HAMBAT PERASAN BAWANG PUTIH TUNGGAL (Allium Sativum L) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Salmonella typhi
Authors: Sofyanita Eko Naning
Published: March 2024

Typhoid fever is a disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacterial infection. This disease is one of the global infections throughout where the level of typhoid resistance to chloramphenicol in Indonesia itself is increasing, and it has even been reported that resistance increases 16% to 81% in 1 year in one location. Single garlic contains an active compound, namely allicin, which is used as an antibacterial which can inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, single garlic is expected to be used as an alternative in overcoming the problem of resistance to bacteria Salmonella typhi that causes typoid. This study used the disc diffusion method on MHA agar media to test the inhibition of single garlic juice against Salmonella typhi bacteria. This type of experimental research with descriptive criteria, with 4 repetitions. Results by measuring the diameter of the power area of the test sample in the concentration group of 50%, 75% and 100%. The results of this study the average diameter of the inhibitory power at a concentration of 100% is 25 mm, at a concentration of 75% is 21 mm, and at a concentration of 50 % i.e. 17 mm. The results of statistical tests with simple linear regression showed that p (0.000) <Î± 0.05 means that Ha is accepted, so it can be stated that there is an effect of various concentrations of single garlic (Allium Sativum L) on the inhibition zone of Salmonella typhi bacteria.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN SPRAY HAND SANITIZER PERASAN KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Slamet Slamet , Budi Sungkawa Hendra , Dea Sari Khafifah
Published: March 2024

Pineapple peel has flavonoid compounds that are disinfectant and very effective in inhibiting the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This is because flavonoids are polar so it is easier to penetrate the peptidoglycan layer. Pineapple peel has a high inhibitory power against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This study aims to determine the effect of pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L. Merr) hand sanitizer spray preparation in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria in vitro. The design of this research is experimental research. The method used was disc diffusion. The population in this study is pineapple peel juice. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Based on the results of the study of 6 concentrations of pineapple peel juice hand sanitizer, the lowest inhibition zone was 6 mm at a concentration of 50% and the highest at a concentration of 100%, namely a 10 mm inhibition zone. From the results of the organoleptical test examination of the pineapple peel juice hand sanitizer spray preparation, which is liquid, light yellow in color, slightly cloudy and has a distinctive smell of perfume. pH is 6 at 50% 60% 70% 80% concentration and 5 at 90% 100%. The irritation test obtained negative results so that the product is safe for use on the skin. Homogeneity test is not homogeneous. Based on the results of the examination, the results of the organoleptical test, pH test, and irritation test meet the requirements but the homogeneity test does not meet the requirements in the aesthetics of spray hand sanitizer products.
Kann man Psychologie weitergeben?
Authors: Herzog Walter
Published: March 2024

Will die Psychologie ihre Erkenntnisse an psychologische Laien weitergeben, muss sie ihr Verhältnis zur Alltagspsychologie klären. Sowohl in ihrem Menschenbild als auch in ihrer Wissensform und ihrem Erklärungstyp unterscheiden sich Alltagspsychologie und wissenschaftliche Psychologie wesentlich voneinander. Für die Weitergabe psychologischer Erkenntnisse ergibt sich dadurch ein Rezeptionshindernis, das aber deshalb kaum auffällt, weil die Psychologie ihr Menschenbild im Dunkeln lässt.
Picture of the Human in Psychoanalysis
Authors: Dhar Anup
Published: March 2024

If Freud engendered the Copernican turn in the Cartesian picture of the person, Lacan offered the Keplerian turn. The paper works through the works of Freud-Lacan and Deleuze/Guattari to arrive at three meanings of the unconscious: (i) repressive, (ii) non-repressive and (iii) productive of surplus. It displaces the Cartesian ›I think, therefore I am‹ with the ›It thinks‹ – i.e. the unconscious thinks; therefore ›I think, where I am not‹ and ›I am, where I think not.‹ It shows how the person in psychoanalysis moves from self-reflection to self-transformation, i.e. from a close look at the ›mirror of being‹ to a ›canvas of a new becoming‹; where the mirror becomes a canvas for redrawing the ›graph of affect‹ and rewriting the palaeolithic script on the person’s Mystic Writing Pad. Building on insights gleaned from a medieval spiritual ›cultivation of self‹: Sahajiya, the paper sees psychoanalysis as also a larger praxis of living-loving, and not a mere means to medicalized individual cure.
Moralische Gentrifizierung
Authors: Jann Olaf , Selk Veith
Published: March 2024

Die Öffentlichkeit liberaler Regime ist einem signifikanten Wandel unterworfen, der sich anhand der Zunahme moralistischer Diskursmuster sowie einer Veränderung der öffentlichen Emotionsnormen zeigt. Der Beitrag schlägt zur Beschreibung dieses Wandels das Konzept der moralischen Gentrifizierung vor. Gezeigt wird, dass gesellschaftliche Transformationsdynamiken zur Entstehung konfrontativer Emotionen führen, deren Ausdruck im Rahmen des herrschenden Emotionsregimes als illegitim markiert und durch Strategien der Moralisierung und Emotionsdisziplinierung eingehegt wird. Diese Perspektive wird anschließend anhand des Umgangs mit Hass konkretisiert, wobei sich Hass als ein Gegenstand symbolischer Grenzziehung erweist. Der Beitrag endet mit Anregungen für die weitere Forschung.
PENERAPAN TEORI BELAJAR BEHAVIORISME DALAM PEMBELAJARAN (STUDI PADA ANAK)
Authors: Abidin A. Mustika
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the application of behaviorism learning theory in learning (studies in children) through the literature review method. In behaviorism learning theory has a basic concept that learning is an interaction between stimulus (stimulus) and response (response). This theory prioritizes measurement, because measurement is an important thing to see whether or not there is a change in behavior in children. The application of this theory requires teachers to identify learning objectives, conduct learning analysis, identify early characteristics and abilities of children, determine indicators of learning success, develop teaching materials, develop learning strategies to be used, observe stimuli that might be given to children such as exercises or assignments, observing and analyzing student responses, providing reinforcement, both positive and negative reinforcement, and finally revising learning activitiesArtikel ini membahas mengenai penerapan teori belajar behaviorisme dalam pembelajaran (studi pada anak) melalui metode tinjauan literatur. Dalam teori belajar behaviorisme memiliki konsep dasar bahwa belajar merupakan interaksi antara rangsangan (stimulus) dan tanggapan (respon). Teori ini mengutamakan pengukuran, sebab pengukuran merupakan suatu hal penting untuk melihat terjadi tidaknya perubahan tingkah laku pada anak. Penerapan teori ini menuntut guru agar mengindentifikasi tujuan pembelajaran, melakukan analisis pembelajaran, mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan kemampuan awal anak, menentukan indikator keberhasilan belajar, mengembangkan bahan ajar, mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran yang akan digunakan, mengamati stimulus yang mungkin bisa diberikan kepada anak seperti latihan atau tugas, mengamati dan menganalisis respon pembelajar, memberikan penguatan (reinforcement) baik penguatan positif maupun negatif, dan terakhir merevisi kegiatan pembelajaran.