bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Architecture Differences and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Passive Continental Margin Basins in East Africa
Authors: Geng Ke , Wen Zhixin , Wang Xueling , Wang Zhaoming , He Zhengjun , Song Chengpeng , Ji Tianyu , Li Hengxuan
Published: September 2023

Based on the plate tectonic theory, using seismic, geology, and public literature data, the proto-type basins and lithofacies paleogeography during the main geological periods of the passive continental margin of East Africa are restored, and the architecture characteristics of the basins and the differences in sedimentary fillings are analyzed. Combined with the dissection of discovered oil and gas reservoirs, four types of hydrocarbon accumulation models are established, the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation combinations (plays), and the next exploration directions in this region are explored. The passive continental margin basins in East Africa experienced three proto-type stages: intracontinental aborted rift during the Late Carboniferous-Triassic Karoo period, intracontinental-intercontinental rift during the Jurassic period, and passive continental margin basin since the Cretaceous period. Affected by the difference in sedimentary filling thickness between the rift period and depression period, four types of passive continental margin basins are formed: rifted type, depressed type, faulted depression type, and reformed delta type. The maximum sedimentary thickness of the rifted basins during the rift period is greater than 3500 m, and that during the depression period is less than 4000 m, forming a "single-source structure type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. The exploration of rifted basins should focus on giant structural traps at the top of the rifted sequences. The maximum sedimentary thickness of the depressed basins during the depression period exceeds 4000 m, forming a "single-source fan group type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. The dominant exploration directions of depressed basins are sedimentary sand bodies and structural-lithologic traps during the depression and drift periods. The maximum sedimentary thickness of the faulted depression basins during the rift period is greater than 3500 m, and that during the depression period is greater than 4000 m, forming a "double-source and double-combination type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. The exploration of rifted basins should focus on giant slip-collapse-debris flow sedimentary sand bodies on the upper and middle slopes. In addition to the large sedimentary thickness of the early rift and the central depression, the delta thickness of the reformed delta basins during the late depression period since the Miocene is more than 4000 m, and four structural belts (growth fault, mud diapir, thrust fold, and foredeep gentle slope) were formed from onshore to offshore, forming a "three-source and multi-combination type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. All four structural belts can form giant oil and gas fields.
Outcome at 7 Years of Age of Former Very Preterm Neonates Treated with Repeated Surfactant for Prolonged Respiratory Distress in the Neonatal Period
Authors: Hascoet Jean-Michel , Deforge Hélène , Demoulin Silvia , Picaud Jean-Charles , Zupan Veronique , Ligi Isabelle , Moreau Francois , Labarre Aurelie , Daoud Patrick , Storme Laurent , Bonabel Claude , Hamon Isabelle
Published: September 2023

This study aimed evaluating 7 years’ outcome in 118 very preterm newborn (VPN, gestational age=26±1.4wks) involved in a randomized controlled trial. They presented neonatal respiratory distress (RDS) requiring ventilation for 14±2 days post-natal age (PNA). Repeated instillation of 200mg/kg Poractant alfa (SURF) did not improve early bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but SURF infants needed less re-hospitalization than controls for respiratory problem at 1- and 2-years PNA. There was no growth difference at 7.1±0.3 years for 41 SURF vs. 36 controls (80% eligible children); 7.9% SURF vs. 28.6% controls presented asthma (p=0.021). Children underwent cogni-tive assessment (WISC IV) and pulmonary function testing (PFT) measuring spirometry, lung volumes and airway resistance. Spirometry showed differences (p<0.05) between SURF and con-trols (mean±standard deviation (median z-score)) for FEV1 (L/s) (1.188±0.690(-0.803) vs. 1.080±0.243(-1.446)); FEV1 after betamimetics (1.244±0.183(-0.525) vs. 1.091±0.209(-1.342)); FVC (L) (1.402±0.217 (-0.406) vs. 1.265±0.267(-1.141)), and FVC after betamimetics 1.452±0.237 (-0.241) vs. 1.279±0.264(-1.020)). PFT showed no difference in volumes or airway resistance. Global IQ median [Inter-quartile Range] was 89[82:99] vs. 89[76:98] with 61% children >85 in both groups.
Former VPN presenting severe neonatal RDS treated with repeated Surfactant have improved lung function and less asthma at 7 years PNA. There were no differences in neurodevelopmental outcome
Responsiveness of Candidate Genes on CoPv01CDRK/PhgPv01CDRK Loci in Common Bean Challenged by Anthracnose and Angular Leaf Spot Pathogens
Authors: Lovatto Maike , Gonçalves-Vidigal Maria Celeste , Vaz Bisneta Mariana , Calvi Alexandre Catto , Mazucheli Josmar , Vidigal Filho Pedro Soares , Miranda Eduardo Gomes Rosa , Melotto Maeli
Published: September 2023

Anthracnose (ANT) and angular leaf spot (ALS) are significant diseases in common bean, leading to considerable yield losses under specific environmental conditions. The California Dark Red Kidney (CDRK) bean cultivar is known for its resistance to multiple races of both pathogens. Previous studies have identified the CoPv01CDRK/PhgPv01CDRK resistance loci on chromosome Pv01. Here, we evaluated the expression levels of ten candidate genes near the CoPv01CDRK/PhgPv01CDRK loci and plant defense genes using quantitative real-time PCR in CDRK cultivar inoculated with races 73 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and 63-39 of Pseudocercospora griseola. Gene expression analysis revealed that the Phvul.001G246300 gene exhibited the most elevated levels, showing remarkable 7.8-fold and 8.5-fold increases for ANT and ALS, respectively. The Phvul.001G246300 gene encodes an abscisic acid (ABA) receptor pyrabactin resistance - PYR1-like (PYL) protein, which plays a central role in crosstalk between ABA and jasmonic acid responses. Interestingly, our results also showed that the other defense genes were initially activated. These findings provide critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying plant defense against these diseases and could contribute to the development of more effective disease management strategies in the future.
Impact of Robotic Assisted Gait Therapy on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Subacute Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)—A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Widuch-Spodyniuk Alicja Maria , Tarnacka Beata , Korczyński Bogumił , Wiśniowska Justyna Zofia
Published: September 2023

Background: Mood disorders, especially depression, and emotional difficulties such as anxiety are very common problems among patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). The loss of physical training may deteriorate their mental state, which in turn has a significant impact on the improvement of functioning. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of innovative rehabilitation approaches involving robotic assisted gait therapy (RAGT) on mood and anxiety symptoms in pa-tients with SCI.
Methods: To this single-centre, single-blinded, single-arm, prospective study, 110 participants with subacute SCI were enrolled; patients were divided into experimental (robotic assisted gait therapy -RAGT) and control (conventional gait therapy with dynamic parapodium - DPT) groups. They received five training sessions per week over 7- weeks. The severity of de-pression was assessed by Depression Assessment Questionnaire (KPD) and anxiety symptoms by State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI X-1) on the beginning and end of therapy.
Results: SCI patients experienced significantly lower levels of anxiety and depression-related symptoms after completing the seven-week rehabilitation program (KPD: Z=6.35; p<0.001; r=0.43; STAI X-1: Z=-6.20; p<0.001; r=0.42) in both group of patients. In the RAGT group, post-rehabilitation measurements also indicated an improvement in psychological functioning, i.e., a decrease in depression and anxiety, and an increase in self-regulation. Significant results were noted for each variable (STAI X-1: Z = -4.93; KPD: Z = -5.26; SR: Z = -3.21). In the control group, there was also a decrease in the effect on the depression, anxiety-state and an increase in self-regulation ability (STAI X-1: Z=-4.01; KPD: Z=-3.65; SR: Z=-2.83). Rehabilitation modality did not appear to have a statistically significant relationship with the magnitude of improvement in KPD (including SR) and STAI scores. However, there were some significant differences when comparing the groups by extent and depth of injury and type of paralysis. The study also did not find a significant rela-tionship between improvements in physical aspects and changes in psychological factors.
Conclusion: Subjects in RAGD and DPT groups experienced a decrease in anxiety and depres-sion after a 7-week rehabilitation program. However, the rehabilitation modality (DPT vs. RAGT) did not differentiate patients with SCI in terms of the magnitude of this change. Our results may suggest that individuals with severe neurological condition and complete spinal cord injury (AIS A) may experience more benefit in terms of change in psychological parameters after rehabilitation with RAGT.
Effects of Total Quality Management Practices on Financial, Operational Performance of Hospitals
Authors: Zehir Songul , ZEHİR Cemal
Published: September 2023

The main aim of this study is to examine the effects of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices (leadership of management, decision making, continuous improvement, customer focus, employee involvement, process management and relations with suppliers) on the financial and operational performance of hospitals in service industry. The data of the study were collected by the questionnaire prepared in the light of published studies and the suggestions of medical and administrative staff. Medical and administrative staff were chosen as target participants that reflect perspectives of hospitals. 1069 questionnaires were answered in 6 private and 26 public hospitals in the Marmara region in Turkey. The results claim that “customer focus” affects both operational performance as well as the financial performance of hospitals more than other TQM practices. While “process management” and “customer focus” explain the variance of financial performance significantly. “Process management” does not explain variance of operational performance.
A Network of 17 Microtubule-Related Genes Highlights Functional Deregulations in Breast Cancer
Authors: RODRIGUES-FERREIRA Sylvie , MORIN Morgane , GUICHAOUA Gwenn , MOINDJIE Hadia , HAYKAL Maria M. , COLLIER Olivier , STOVEN Veronique , NAHMIAS Clara
Published: September 2023

A wide panel of microtubule-associated proteins and kinases is involved in coordinated regula-tion of the microtubule cytoskeleton and may thus represent valuable molecular markers contrib-uting to major cellular pathways deregulated in cancer. We previously identified a panel of 17 microtubule-related (MT-Rel) genes that are differentially expressed in breast tumors showing resistance to taxane-based chemotherapy. In the present study, we evaluated the expression, prognostic value and functional impact of these genes in breast cancer. We show that 14 MT-Rel genes (KIF4A, ASPM, KIF20A, KIF14, TPX2, KIF18B, KIFC1, AURKB, KIF2C, GTSE1, KIF15, KIF11, RACGAP1, STMN1) are up-regulated in breast tumors compared with adjacent normal tissue. Six of them (KIF4A, ASPM, KIF20A, KIF14, TPX2, KIF18B) are overexpressed by more than 10-fold in tumor samples and four of them (KIF11, AURKB, TPX2 and KIFC1) are essential for cell survival. Overexpression of all 14 genes, and underexpression of 3 other MT-Rel genes (MAST4, MAPT and MTUS1) are associated with poor breast cancer patient survival. A Systems Biology approach highlighted three major functional networks connecting the 17 MT-Rel genes and partners, which are centered on spindle assembly, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Together our studies identified mitotic Aurora kinases and their substrates as major targets for therapeutic approaches against breast cancer.
Moderate Elevation of Homocysteine Induces Endothelial Dysfunction through Adaptive UPR Activation and Metabolic Rewiring
Authors: Chatterjee Barun , Fatima Fabeha , Seth Surabhi , Sinha Roy Soumya
Published: September 2023

Elevation of the intermediate amino acid metabolite Homocysteine (Hcy) causes Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a metabolic disorder frequently associated with mutations in the methionine-cysteine metabolic cycle as well as with nutritional deficiency and aging. Previous literature suggest that HHcy is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Severe HHcy is well established to correlate with vascular pathologies primarily via endothelial cell death. Though moderate HHcy is more prevalent and associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular abnormalities in later part of life, its precise role in endothelial physiology is largely unknown. In this study, we report that moderate elevation of Hcy causes endothelial dysfunction through impairment of their migration and proliferation. We established that unlike severe elevation of Hcy, moderate HHcy is not associated with suppressed endothelial VEGF/VEGFR signaling and oxidative stress induction. We further showed that moderate HHcy induces a sub-lethal ER stress that causes defective endothelial migration through abnormal actin cytoskeletal remodeling. We also found that sub-lethal increase of Hcy causes endothelial proliferation defect by suppressing mitochondrial respiration and concomitantly increases glycolysis to compensate the consequential ATP loss and maintain overall energy homeostasis. Finally, analyzing an available microarray dataset, we confirmed that these hallmarks of moderate HHcy are conserved in adult endothelial cells as well. Thus, we identified adaptive UPR and metabolic rewiring as two key mechanistic signatures in moderate HHcy-associated endothelial dysfunction. As HHcy is clinically associated with enhanced vascular inflammation and hypercoagulability, identifying these mechanistic pathways may serve as future targets to regulate endothelial function and health.
On the Capacity of Optical Networks
Authors: Pires João J. O.
Published: September 2023

Optical networks, characterized by their use of optical fibers as a transmission medium, constitute the fundamental infrastructure employed by network operators today to deliver services to users. As total network capacity is one of the key factors influencing optical network performance, it is important to comprehend its limitations and have the capability to estimate its value. In this context, we revisit the concepts of capacity from various aspects, encompassing channel capacity, link capacity, and network capacity, thus providing an integrated view of the problem. Furthermore, we review the fundamental concepts underpinning optical networks, along with the basic physical phenomena present in optical fiber transmission. Additionally, we also provide capacity estimations using mainly formulations found in the literature and compare our estimations with select published experimental results.
Single-Stage Debridement and Reconstruction with Trabecular Metal Cage for Active Infectious Spondylodiscitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kuo Mingchi , Lai Dar-Ming , Tsuang Fon-Yih
Published: September 2023

Early debridement and stabilization for pyogenic spondylodiscitis allow early mobilization of the patient and prevent subsequent spinal deformity. Tantalum (Ta) trabecular metal (TM) components have several potential advantages over conventional implant materials, such as its uniformity and structural continuity, strength, low stiffness, high porosity, high coefficient of friction and tantalum trabecular metal enhances the host defense mechanism by increasing leukocyte chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and the bacterial killing rate. A single-stage surgery with a tantalum trabecular metal cage combining two different approaches is sufficient to maintain vertebral stability. This retrospective cohort study included 57 patients, 31 (54%) patients were treated with single-stage debridement and reconstruction with trabecular metal cages, and 26 (45.6%) patients received spine surgery without trabecular metal cages received surgery between January 2018 and March 2021 in our tertiary academic teaching hospital. The CRP values dropped borderline significantly in the TM cage group compared with the non-TM cage group postoperatively. In patients with spondylodiscitis, it is advisable to perform single-stage debridement and reconstruction with a trabecular metal cage, which allows abscess drainage and rapid mobilization, prevents deformity.
Obtaining New Candidate Peptides for Biological Anticancer Drugs from Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Human and Bovine Hemoglobin
Authors: Outman Ahlam , Bouhrim Mohamed , Hountondji Codjo , Noman Omar M. , Alqahtani ALI S. , Gressier Bernard , Nedjar Naïma , Eto Bruno
Published: September 2023

Enzymatic hydrolysis of bovine and human hemoglobin yields a diversity of bioactive peptides, some of which are recognized for their antimicrobial properties. Certain small antimicrobial and anticancer peptides target protein synthesis inhibition. This study aims to produce bioactive peptides through enzymatic hemoglobin hydrolysis and evaluate their effects on cell growth inhibition, potentially serving as candidates for biological anticancer drugs. Rapid screening of candidate anticancer peptides derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of bovine and human hemoglobin was conducted using the Lepidium sativum radicle growth technique. The results demonstrate that: 1) the degree of hydrolysis (DH) significantly influences the production of bioactive peptides. DH levels of 3-10% yield considerably stronger radicle growth inhibition compared to DH 0 (native hemoglobin form), exhibiting three to four times greater intensity. 2) Certain peptide fractions from bovine hemoglobin exhibit higher activity than those from human hemoglobin. 3) The structural characteristics of peptides play a crucial role in the observed biological effects. 4) The α137-141 peptide is the most active among the fractions obtained from bovine (IC50 = 29 ± 1 µg/mL) and human hemoglobin (IC50 = 48 ± 2 µg/mL), standing out 10 to 15 times more potent than other hemoglobin fractions. In conclusion, these findings affirm the bioactivity of peptide fractions obtained from bovine and human hemoglobin. The study highlights how enzymatic hydrolysis of bovine and human hemoglobin can yield peptides that inhibit protein synthesis. Ultimately, these results suggest the feasibility of obtaining candidate peptides for biological anticancer drugs from both human and bovine hemoglobin sources. These scientific advances show new hope in the fight against cancer which affects a large number of people around the world.
Analysis of Peak Ground Acceleration and Seismogenic Fault Characteristics of the Mw7.8 Earthquake in Turkey
Authors: Duan Yushi , Bo Jingshan , Peng Da , Li Qi , Wan Wei , Qi Wenhao
Published: September 2023

A Mw7.8 earthquake struck Turkey on February 6, 2023, causing severe casualties and economic losses. This paper investigates the characteristics of strong ground motion and seismogenic fault of the earthquake. We collected and processed the strong ground motion records of 379 stations using Matlab, SeismoSignal and Surfer software, and obtained the peak ground acceleration (PGA) contour map. We analyzed the near-fault effect, the fault locking segment effect and the trampoline effect of the earthquake based on the spatial distribution of PGA, the fault geometry and slip distribution. We found that the earthquake generated a very strong ground motion concentration effect in the near-fault area, with the maximum PGA exceeding 2000cm/s2. However, the presence of fault locking segments influenced the spatial distribution of ground motion, resulting in four significant PGA high-value concentration areas at a local dislocation, a turning point and the end of the East Anatolian Fault. We also revealed for the first time the typical manifestation of the trampoline effect in this earthquake, which was characterized by a large vertical acceleration with the positive direction significantly larger than the negative direction. This paper provides an important reference for understanding the seismogenic mechanism, damage mode, characteristics and strong earthquake law of Turkey earthquake.
Coffee Pulp Gasification for Syngas Obtention and Methane Production Simulation Using Ni Catalysts Supported on Al2O3 and ZrO2 in a Packed Bed Reactor
Authors: Aristizábal-Alzate Carlos Esteban , Dongil Ana Belén , Romero-Sáez Manuel
Published: September 2023

The methanation of CO2 is of great interest in power-to-gas systems and contributes to the mitigation of climate change through carbon dioxide capture and the subsequent production of high value-added products. This study investigated CO2 methanation with three Ni catalysts supported on Al2O3 and ZrO2, which were simulated using a mathematical model of a packed bed reactor designed based on their chemical kinetics reported in the literature. The simulated reactive system was fed with syngas obtained from residual coffee pulp, obtained after solvent phytochemical extraction process, under several gasification conditions. The results reflect a high incidence of catalyst support, preparation method, and syngas composition on CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity. For all the syngas compositions, Ni/ZrO2 catalysts show the best values for CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity for Ni/Al2O3 catalyst.
Links between Serotonin Levels and Stress: Cortisol, Candida A./Mycetes, Omega 3/6 Ratio and Dysbiosis (Skatole/Indoxyl Sulfate) Role in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Depression
Authors: Orlandoni Daniele , Di Fede Giuseppe , Mantovani Mauro , Nava Consuelo Rubina , Tomasi Marco , Fusi Paola
Published: September 2023

Intestinal microbiota attracts daily attention of a growing number of study which have attempted to link gut dysbiosIs with a variety of disease states: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflamed bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), leaky gut syndrome (LGS), food intolerance, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer, etc..
In our study we analyzed how intestinal dysbiosis may be related to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and depression through the exchange of information through the gut-brain axis (GBA).
We studied 33 subjects, 13 males and 20 females, who reported CFS or/and depression: we investigated their salivary cortisol levels, blood serotonin, omega 3/6 ratio, intestinal dysbiosis (calculated on the urinary levels of indoxyl sulfate and skatole), and we looked for the presence of Candida a. or mycetes in the stool; the data accumulated with this research show a correlation between the presence of Candida a./miceti, indoxyl sulfate urine values beyond the physiological and low serotonin levels. In addition, data analysis showed that the EPA/DHA values also show pro-inflammatory levels in case of dysbiosis and low serotonina levels.
The relationship, however, with cortisol levels requires further research although this study showed a statistically significant positive correlation between these values, measured at specific times, and serotonin levels.

Aims its connections with
We investigated the relationship between stress (evaluated through the measurement of salivary cortisol levels) and gastrointestinal efficiency measured as a function of intestinal fermentative and putrefactive dysbiosis, evaluating the levels of urinary indoxyl sulfate in the first case (a possible correlation with the presence of Candida spp or Mycetes in the subjects feces was investigated), urinary skatole levels in the second one, in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (SFC) and depression. In these patients we also have studied omega 3/6 ratio, and finally we have analized the impact that the alteration of these parameters can have on the serotonin levels.
This research attemps to highlight the contact points, in some cases not so obvious, among these topics, contact points that, although they give us interesting indications, show the need to be further deepened by analyzing a larger amount of data.
Advancing Fractional Riesz Derivatives through Dunkl Operator
Authors: Bouzeffour Fethi
Published: September 2023

This work aims to introduce a novel concept: the Riesz-Dunkl fractional derivatives, within the context of Dunkl type operators. A particularly noteworthy revelation is that when a specific parameter $\kappa$ equals zero, the Riesz-Dunkl fractional derivative smoothly reduces to both the well-known Riesz fractional derivative and the fractional second-order derivative. Furthermore, we introduce a new concept: the fractional Sobolev space. This space is defined and characterized using the versatile framework of the Dunkl transform.
Exposure to Forest Air Monoterpenes and Pulmonary Function Tests in Adolescents With Asthma: A Cohort Study
Authors: Donelli Davide , Antonelli Michele , Baraldi Rita , Corli Anna , Finelli Franco , Gardini Federica , Margheritini Giovanni , Meneguzzo Francesco , Neri Luisa , Lazzeroni Davide , Ardissino Diego , Piacentini Giorgio , Zabini Federica , Cogo Annalisa
Published: September 2023

Increasing evidence supports the direct healing effects of forests, partly attributed to the exposure to plant-emitted monoterpenes available in the forest atmosphere. The potential benefits on respiratory functions from inhaling monoterpenes have gained attention, especially due to the global rise in respiratory diseases. This study involved 42 asthmatic adolescents attending a summer rehabilitation camp at an Altitude Pediatric Asthma Center within a densely forested area in the Eastern Italian Alps. Volatile organic compound measurements indicated a pristine atmosphere, enabling modeling of continuous hourly monoterpenes concentration. Monoterpene concentration exposure and total inhaled dose were assessed over a 14-day stay, during which spirometry, lung oscillometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide were measured. Statistically significant correlations were observed between modifications in lung function parameters among asthmatic adolescents and monoterpenes exposure. These findings suggest a potential localized airway effect specific to monoterpenes. This pilot cohort study might pave the way for further investigations into the therapeutic effects of forest monoterpenes on lung function tests, asthma, and the broader healing potential of forest environments.
Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations
Authors: Musa Purnawarman , Sugeru Herik , Wibowo Eri Prasetyo
Published: September 2023

The integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into agricultural areas has had a significant impact and has provided new, more complex, efficient, and structured solutions for enhancing crop production. This research reviews the role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in monitoring the macro-nutrient content of plants. The review study focuses on identifying the types of sensors used to measure macro-nutrients, determining sensor placement within agricultural areas, implementing wireless technology for sensor communication, and selecting device transmission intervals and ratings. The study of NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) monitoring using sensor technology in precision agriculture is of high significance in efforts to improve agricultural productivity and efficiency. In addition to fostering technological innovations and precision farming solutions, in future this research aims to increase agricultural yields, particularly by enabling the cultivation of certain crops in locations different from their original ones.
Structure of the Drosophila melanogaster Flight Muscle Myosin Filament at 4.7 Å Resolution Reveals New Details of Non-myosin Proteins
Authors: Abbasi Yeganeh Fatemeh , Rastegarpouyani Hosna , Li Jiawei , Taylor Kenneth A.
Published: September 2023

Striated muscle thick filaments are composed of myosin II and several non- myosin proteins which define the filament length and modify its function. Myosin II has a globular N-terminal motor domain comprising its catalytic and actin-binding activities and a long α-helical, coiled-coil tail that forms the dense filament backbone. Myosin alone polymerizes into filaments of irregular length, but striated muscle thick filaments have defined lengths that with the thin filament define the sarcomere structure. The motor domain structure and function are well understood but the myosin filament backbone is not. Here we report a structure of the flight muscle thick filaments from Drosophila melanogaster at 4.7 Å resolution which eliminates previous ambiguities in the non-myosin densities. The full proximal S2 region is resolved as are the connecting densities between the Ig domains of stretchin-klp. The proteins, flightin and myofilin are resolved in sufficient detail to build an atomic model based on an AlphaFold prediction. Our results suggest how flightin and myofilin cooperate to define the structure of the thick filament and explains a key myosin mutation that affects flightin incorporation. Drosophila is a genetic model organism for which our results can define strategies for functional testing.
Shell and Core Model of Subjective Well-Being: Extending the Reach of Happiness Beyond the Field of Positive Psychology
Authors: Farhadi Ashkan
Published: September 2023

Background: There is a significant role for mind in health and disease. Subjective well-being (SWB) is an important indicator of a person’s psychological status beyond the traditional anxiety and depression. Shell and core (S&C) model of SWB is new modular framework has placeholders for various forms of positive feeling that can be adopted as an assessment tool in clinical settings.Method: 416 subjects recruited using social media platforms to complete an anonymous online survey probing into their demographic information, financial status, several well-being attributes, and personality traits. The obtained information was analyzed and the factors that most closely correlated with the sense of overall SWB were included in the model.Results: Overall, 73% of the subjects indicated that they are happy and the overall sense of SWB did not depend on gender or household income. Only those psychological traits with significant correlation with SWB were used to construct the proposed S&C model. The model comprises three main components—the shell of happiness that represents experiential happiness, i.e., positive feelings as a result of one’s experiences with their environment. The core of happiness represents inner happiness. The interface layer, between the shell and core of happiness consists of a set of coping and defense mechanisms that protects the core of happiness denoted as a happiness suit of armor (HSOA).Conclusion: The S&C model is a comprehensive model of SWB that is used as a framework to capture various aspects of happiness under a unifying umbrella. It can thus be used as an assessment tools at both personal and population level. It could also be adopted to identify the personality traits and coping mechanisms that are important for the overall sense of well-being, which could then be targeted as a part of psychological interventions aimed at individuals with different medical conditions.
The Effects of Transfusion on a Neurovascular Unit in an Experiment Using Its Cellular Model
Authors: Ivkin Artem A. , Grigoriev Evgeny , Morgun Andrey V. , Balakhnin Dmitry G.
Published: September 2023

Purpose of the study: to reveal how the transfusion and the refraining from it affects the neuro-vascular unit in the congenital heart defects correction with cardiopulmonary bypass. Materials and methods: in vitro research, we formed a model of a neurovascular unit, which contains neu-rons, astrocytes and endothelial cells. This cellular model was cultivated in hypoxia conditions with the oxygen saturation levels of 1, 2, 3, 4%. In addition, this unit was cultivated with the pa-tient's serum adding in two different groups - with minimal and maximal levels of system in-flammatory response that we estimated by IL-6 level. Results: We found that during incubation in hypoxic conditions, the level of transendothelial resistance changed in groups with oxygen levels of 1% and 2% only after 4 hours. When we cultivated neurovascular unit cells with patients' sera, we found a minimal level of transendothelial resistance at 4 hours that increased after 24 hours. Permeability analysis showed that its level significantly decreased in the 1% and 2% oxygen group at 60- and 90-minutes relative to the control group. Conclusion: the system inflammatory response has more expressed but less long effect on the neurovascular unit model than hypoxia.
Postharvest Quality Evaluation of Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) Using Different Alternatives: From Minimal Processing to Coating Application
Authors: AGUDELO-SÁNCHEZ SARA , MOSQUERA-PALACIOS YADIELA , DAVID-ÚSUGA DAIRON , CARTAGENA-MONTOYA SUSANA , DUARTE-CORREA YUDY
Published: September 2023

The cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is an exotic tropical fruit of great national and international importance due to its nutritional, and organoleptic properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate different postharvest treatments: Coating, Vacuum Impregnation, and Immersion, on the conservation of some quality characteristics of cape gooseberry fruit. Moreover, different conditions of the selected treatment were studied. The weight loss was assessed with gravimetric analysis for fresh and treated fruits. Firmness was determined by instrumental texture. The sensory analysis was conducted using a multidimensional profile approach. Of the treatments evaluated, the lowest weight loss was recorded with the use of coating and immersion. However, the immersion process resulted in the product with the highest overall quality according to the sensory analysis and presented the most appropriate texture according to the firmness values. Finally, in the evaluation of immersion, a significant influence of the CaCl2 immersion time (p<0.05) on the firmness values of the product was found, resulting in longer times leading to less firm products. Considering 10% as a commercial standard limit for weight loss, the fruit treated under immersion and coating processes can be stored for at least 12 days. The immersion process is highlighted because it improved the sensory characteristics with respect to the control (without treatment). Thus, it process gives added value to the fruit and is presented as a promising alternative for the postharvest treatment of cape gooseberries.
Strategies for Improving the Sustainability of Fare-Free Policy for the Elderly through Preferences by Travel Modes
Authors: Yun Jaewoong
Published: September 2023

Considering the aging society and budget constraints, a strategy for reforming public transportation welfare policies is essential for sustainability. Among the various transportation welfare policies, fare discount policies are provided to specific age groups, and most countries offer benefits to several public transportation. South Korea provides a fare-free policy limited to subways, and the need for policy modification is emerging due to sustainability problems caused by an aging society. Hence, the scope of the policy should be expanded to all travel modes, but the discount rate should be reduced, or the target group should be reduced in consideration of the budget. This study proposes a travel mode to focus on by city through the preference of the elderly. The latent class model is employed to classfy stated preference data collected from the survey. The estimation results show a significant preference heterogeneity depending on the level of subway supply by region, and a policy focused on subways would be more reasonable in cities with sufficient subway infrastructure. Hence, regarding sustainability, it may be more appropriate to focus on specific means than to provide the same discount policy for all public transport.
Bacillus Strains with Catalase Enzyme Improve the Physiology and Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Saeed Syeda Wadia Zainab , Naseer Iqra , Zahir Zahir Ahmad , Thomas Thomas H. , Shahid Shumila , Iqbal Zafar , Ahmad Maqshoof
Published: September 2023

Catalase can decompose hydrogen peroxide in plants under controlled and stressed condi-tions. In a stressed environment, the increase in hydrogen peroxide production makes catalase activity a major defense system for plant growth. The current study was conducted to evaluate the catalase activity of pre-isolated and identified bacterial strains Bacillus aryabhattai (AN30), Bacillus megaterium (AN24), Bacillus megaterium (AN31) and Bacillus megaterium (AN35) and their potential for rice seedlings growth promotion. These strains were characterized for quantita-tive catalase, urease, siderophores, and exopolysaccharides production using LB media. Sub-sequently, the effectiveness of these strains was checked by quantifying the catalase activity in the rhizosphere of rice seedlings. Furthermore, the catalase activity was quantified in the roots and shoots of rice seedlings. Plant growth parameters were also studied in a growth room trial. The strain AN24 showed the maximum catalase activity (1.36 mol cm-1), urease ac-tivity (1.35 mol cm 1), exopolysaccharides (4.20 µg mL-1), and siderophores (2.32%) production in LB media. All tested strains showed significantly higher catalase activity in soil compared to control. Among sole application, strain AN24 showed better results; however, consortium application of strains AN24+AN30+AN35+AN31 showed the maximum increase in catalase ac-tivity in the rhizosphere of rice seedlings. Moreover, consortium application of AN24+AN30+AN31+AN35 resulted in the highest increase in catalase activity, dry biomass of shoots and roots, shoot and root length of rice seedlings. The results showed that a consortium of these Bacillus strains with catalase activity has greater potential to enhance an antioxidant defense system and growth promotion of rice seedlings. However, further experimentation under natural conditions is required before using these strains as potential bioinoculants for improving the rice growth and yield.
Pengaruh Fly Ash sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Semen terhadap Berat Isi dan Kuat Tekan Segmen Kolom Praktis Modular Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Utami Liona Harmoni , Habsya Chundakus , Agustin Rima Sri
Published: September 2023

Limbah fly ash terus meningkat sebanding dengan meningkatnya produksi semen dan kebutuhan manusia dalam penggunaan listrik. Fly ash tergolong dalam limbah B3 berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Penggunaan limbah fly ash pada beton dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan beton, sehingga menjadi salah satu solusi mengurangi dampak negatif limbah fly ash. Fly ash akan digunakan sebagai pengganti sebagian semen dengan 4 variasi sempel segmen kolom praktis (SKPM) berukuran 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm dengan lubang tengah berukuran 80 mm x 80 mm x 150 mm sebanyak 32 buah untuk pengujian berat isi dan kuat tekan SKPM. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji: (1) Pengaruh fly ash sebagai pengganti sebagian semen terhadap berat isi Segmen Kolom Praktis Modular (SKPM). (2) Pengaruh fly ash sebagai pengganti sebagian semen terhadap semen kuat tekan SKPM. (3) Hubungan berat isi dan kuat tekan SKPM. (4) Pengaruh fly ash sebagai pengganti sebagian semen terhadap kriteria beton ramah lingkungan. Penelitian metode kuantitatif eksperimental dilakukan di laboratorium. SKPM menggunakan perbandingan semen dan pasir sebesar 1:7 dengan nilai faktor air binder (fab) 0,48. Pengujian berat isi mengacu SNI 1973:2008 dan pengujian kuat tekan mengacu pada SNI 03-0349-1989. Perawatan beton dilakukan selama 28 hari dari waktu pembuatan sampai waktu pengujian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Adanya pengaruh fly ash sebagai pengganti sebagian semen terhadap semen mengakibatkan kenaikan berat isi SKPM dengan nilai maksimal sebesar 2013,261 kg/m³ pada variasi fly ash 30%. (2) Adanya pengaruh fly ash sebagai pengganti sebagian semen mengakibatkan terjadi kenaikan kuat tekan SKPM dengan nilai maksimal sebesar 73,561 kgf/cm² pada variasi fly ash 20%. (3) Berat isi SKPM memenuhi standar SNI 1973:2008 dan kuat tekan SKPM memenuhi standar 03-0349-1989 mutu I dengan nilai maksimal variasi 20% fly ash. (4) Adanya pengaruh fly ash sebagai pengganti sebagian semen memiliki ciri-ciri kriteria beton ramah lingkungan sesuai dengan kategori penilaian Material Resource and Cycle pada perangkat penilaian Greenship Rating Tools versi 1.0 dengan recycle limbah dan membuat material SKPM prapabrikasi.
Studi Desain Ergonomi Dapur Ditinjau dari Efektivitas Kerja
Authors: Rachmawati Eka , Sulistyani Titik , Mufidah Lina
Published: September 2023

Dapur adalah ruang yang sangat bermanfaat dan sangat penting. Tata letak dapur yang tidak terencana dengan baik mempengaruhi efisiensi dan produktivitas kerja. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui desain dapur ergonomic yang dapat membawa manfaat keselamatan dan kesehatan bagi pekerja, terutama bagi yang berlebihan waktu di tempat kerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini akan secara jelas menggambarkan desain ergonomic dapur yang dipilih guna menunjang efektivitas dalam bekerja. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 sampel dari 5 hotel di Yogyakarta dengan kriteria hotel bintang 3 & 4. Hasil penelitian bahwa dari 30 responden, 26 menjawab setuju bahwa ergonomi dengan bentuk L dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas kerja seperti mengurangi kelelahan, mencegah kecelakaan. Namun, beberapa responden memiliki persepsi yang lain bahwa ergonomi di dapur dapat mengurangi stres bagi pekerja. Secara umum, sebagian besar responden setuju bahwa ergonomi dapur seharusnya dilaksanakan di tempat kerja. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini Komponen dapur harus diorientasikan secara fungsional sehingga dapat menyediakan kebutuhan tersebut aksesibilitas maksimum, efisiensi ruang penyimpanan yang semuanya menambah makna ergonomis di dapur. Ergonomi tidak hanya menghemat waktu tetapi juga mengurangi usaha dengan menghilangkan yang tidak perlu tindakan yang perlu diambil untuk menyelesaikan pekerjaan
Effect of gamma irradiation on total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of java plum seeds
Authors: Rohadi Rohadi , Iswoyo Iswoyo , Larasati Dewi , Putra Sugili
Published: September 2023

The synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) has been widely added to lipids and food products as a preservative due to inhibiting lipid oxidation. However, concerns have arisen about the potential health impacts of this synthetic antioxidant on consumers. Therefore, there is a need for an alternative substitute for BHA that is safe for human health. The methanolic extract of Java Plum seeds (MEJS) contains a diverse group of phenolic compounds and has the potential to serve as a natural antioxidant. The antioxidant must remain stable during food processing, such as irradiation. This research aimed to determine the effect of γ-irradiation on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of MEJS. When γ-irradiation was applied to MEJS at doses up to 12.5 kGy, there was a slight decrease in total phenolic and tannin content but a significant increase in total flavonoid content. This increase in total flavonoids led to a rise in both free radical scavenging and reducing power activities
SARS-CoV-2 Cases Reported on International Arriving and Domestic Flights: United States, January 2020–December 2021
Authors: Preston Leigh Ellyn , Rey Araceli , Dumas Simone , Rodriguez Andrea , Gertz Alida M. , Delea Kristin C. , Alvarado-Ramy Francisco , Christensen Deborah L. , Brown Clive , Chen Tai-Ho
Published: September 2023

Objectives. To describe trends in the number of air travelers categorized as infectious with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; the virus that causes COVID-19) in the context of total US COVID-19 vaccinations administered, and overall case counts of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States.

Methods. We searched the Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS) database for travelers with inbound international or domestic air travel, a positive SARS-CoV-2 lab result, and a surveillance categorization of SARS-CoV-2 infection reported during January 2020 to December 2021. Travelers were categorized as infectious during travel if they had arrival dates from 2 days before to 10 days after symptom onset or a positive viral test.

Results. We identified 80 715 persons meeting our inclusion criteria; 67 445 persons (83.6%) had at least 1 symptom reported. Of 67 445 symptomatic passengers, 43 884 (65.1%) reported an initial symptom onset date after their flight arrival date. The number of infectious travelers mirrored the overall number of US SARS-CoV-2 cases.

Conclusions. Most travelers in the study were asymptomatic during travel, and therefore unknowingly traveled while infectious. During periods of high community transmission, it is important for travelers to stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccinations and consider wearing a high-quality mask to decrease the risk of transmission. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(8):904–908. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307325 )
State-Level History of Overdose Deaths Involving Stimulants in the United States, 1999‒2020
Authors: Kline David , Bunting Amanda M. , Hepler Staci A. , Rivera-Aguirre Ariadne , Krawczyk Noa , Cerda Magdalena
Published: September 2023

Objectives. To examine the state-level history of US overdose deaths involving stimulants with and without opioids from 1999 to 2020.

Methods. We used death certificate data from the National Center for Health Statistics to categorize deaths into 4 groups of interest: cocaine with and without opioids, and psychostimulants with and without opioids. We used a Bayesian multiple change point model to describe the timing and magnitude of changes in overdose death rates involving stimulants for each state and year.

Results. There was little change in the death rates of cocaine without opioids. Death rates involving cocaine and opioids sharply increased around 2015, particularly in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic. We also observed steady increases in deaths involving psychostimulants without opioids just before 2010, particularly in states in the West and South. Deaths involving psychostimulants with opioids increased around 2015 with largest increases concentrated in Appalachian states.

Conclusions. There is significant geographic heterogeneity in the co-involvement of stimulants in the US overdose crisis. Results can inform public health efforts to inform state-level overdose efforts such as naloxone distribution. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(9):991–999. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307337 )