bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Senior High School Science Students’ Planning Skills In Selected Topics From The Integrated Science Syllabus
Authors: Naah Anna M. , Peter Mayeem Bilatam , Adjei Augustine , Ossei-Anto Aquinas
Published: November 2018

The study was conducted to assess Senior High School Science Students’ proficiency level in planning practical activities for ‘Test of Practical’ with selected topics from the Integrated Science syllabus. A total of 180 respondents (90 male and 90 females) out of a population of 1029 were sampled from three senior high schools in the Municipal Education, Offinso. Computer generated random numbers were used to randomly select 30 males and 30 females from each school in the municipality. The study employed the performed task instrument. Three tasks on planning were developed with their scoring formats and scoring details. Task A was on ‘distillation’. Task B on ‘density’ and task C on ‘osmosis’. A pilot test was conducted in one of the seniorhigh technical schools in the Atwima Nwabiagya District Educationand the response dichotomously scored, internal reliabilityof the various tasks was assessed using Kuder Richardson 20. The reliability of the various tasks obtained were task A, (0.731); B, (0.945); and C, (0.86). the data obtained for the actual study were statistically analyzed using descriptive, (percentages and means) inferential statistics (Independent t-test and Analysis of variance(ANOVA)). The students exhibitedhigh proficiency on the planningskills. There were many similarities between the performances of female and male students of the various schools. The performance of students of school A were statistically significantly different fromschools B and C on task B. from the major findings of this study, it is recommended that ‘Test of Practical’ questions should be related to  real life situations
Sustainability Via Servicing: From Individual Action To Institutional Action
Authors: Wolfson Adi , Tavor Dorith
Published: November 2018

The servicizing of products constitutes a powerful tool to reduce the environmental footprint of the stages of a product’s physical resources life cycle, ultimately to yield a more sustainable solution. It can be achieved via the co-creation of various clean services (CleanServs) by individuals. But to achieve the goal of sustainable consumption will require increasing the pace of development of organized and mass-use frameworks like, for example, shareconomy and eco-labeling. In this frame, the notion of the product-service system (PSS), which offers access to a solution rather than ownership of the goods or assets needed for that solution, also promotes greater responsibility and higher levels of obligation on the parts of both provider and customer.
High Availability Performance on OpenDayLight SDN Controller Platform (OSCP) Clustering and OpenDayLight with Heartbeat-Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
Authors: Nugraha Andre Rizki Dewo , Negara Ridha Muldina , Sanjoyo Danu Dwi
Published: November 2018

In this day people are asking for a reliable network when technology at its limit. Software-Defined Network (SDN) is an answer to that problem of network development where all the control over the network becomes centralized. However, all services controlled by a centralized controller have a big disadvantage if the controller dies. The High Availability (HA) is the solution. HA controller is divided into master and slave, when master controller is down then slave controller will respond to replace the function of master controller. In this research the system will be made by using two methods namely OpenDayLight SDN Controller Platform (OSCP) clustering and Heartbeat-DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device). OSCP clustering is a feature on OpenDayLight controller that is ready to be used and only need to be configured, with OSCP the main and backup controller clustering will be on connected cluster. Heartbeat-DRBD is an application commonly used to create High Availability systems on a server, but in this study will be used for the controller, Heartbeat will monitoring the main controller and if indicated to be down will move the resources to the backup controller with the DRBD application. From the simulation result shows that OSCP Clustering Failover and Failback average Time is 17 seconds while Heartbeat-DRBD is 23-45 seconds depends on how many switch and host are.While QoS parameters on both method have simillar value.it can be concluded that the High Availability system with OSCP Clustering method is more stable and good rather than Heartbeat-DRBD method to apply in a network.
ELABORATION OF THE NEW METHOD OF CONSERVING VOLATILE AROMATIC SUBSTANCES OF SPICY VEGETABLES AT CREATING HEALTHY CRYO-SUPPLEMENTS
Authors: Pogarskaya Viktoriya , Pavlyuk Raisa , Cherevko Oleksander , Pavliuk Vadym , Radchenko Ludmila , Dudnyk Ekaterina , Kolomiets Tatyana , Radchenko Anna , Pogarskiy Aleksey
Published: November 2018

The aim of the work is to develop the new method of deep processing of spicy vegetables (ginger root, garlic, celery root, horseradish root) that gives a possibility to fully conserve volatile aromatic substances (ethereal oils, ketones, aldehydes, esters) and other biologically active substances (BAS) – phytocomponents of vegetable raw materials. At the same time this method gives a possibility to extract their hidden forms (bound in nanocomplexes with biopolymers, BAS) in the free soluble active form at receiving healthy semi-products (in puree form) and food products in the freely assimilated – nanosize form.

For attaining this aim, cryogenic “shock” freezing and fine-dyspersated comminution using liquid and gas-like nitrogen with the modern equipment for cryo-processing and fine-dyspersated comminution was used as an innovation.

There was developed the new method of getting healthy supplements and products of spicy vegetables (roots of ginger, celery, horseradish, garlic), cryo-processed using cryogenic liquid of liquid and gas-like nitrogen in the cryogenic fast-freezing apparatus and fine-dyspersately comminuted with the high content of aromatic phytosubstances, especially ethereal oils and other BAS, especially low-molecular phenol compounds, polyphenols, ascorbic acid and prebiotics. The new method of deep processing of spicy vegetables is based on the complex effect of processes of cryo-destruction, mechanodestruction and non-fermentative catalysis on raw materials at fine-dyspersated comminution. It was established, that at cryogenic “shock” freezing there takes place not only complete conservation of vitamins, aromatic substances, but their more complete extraction from the bound hidden form with biopolymers and BAS in the free one (1,7…2,5 times more that extracted from free vegetables). The quality of spicy vegetables 1,7…2,5 exceeds the quality of fresh vegetables and analogues.

The essentially more effect of extracting hidden forms of aromatic substances and other BAS was revealed at low-temperature fine-dyspersated comminution of cryo-processed spicy vegetables. It was demonstrated, that at fine-dyspersated comminution there takes place 1,7…3,2 times more full extraction of hidden forms of low-molecular BAS than in fresh vegetables.

Using new types of fine-dyspersated puree of spicy vegetables, there is developed the line of high-quality products for healthy nutrition with the stable texture and long storage life (juice nanodrinks, sauces-dressings, sauces-deeps, salted fillings for confectionary products, snacks, milk-vegetable products).
INVESTIGATION OF FUNCTIONAL-TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOYA PROTEIN
Authors: Kochubei-Lytvynenko Oksana , Yatsenko Olha , Yushchenko Nataliia , Kuzmyk Ulyana
Published: November 2018

There was offered and grounded the use of functional technological properties of the soya protein isolate in the technology of oil pasts. It will allows to increase the balance of the oil past composition additionally and will favor the decrease of extracting moisture during the storage term.

There was studied the dynamics of a gradient of the limit stress of soya protein: hydrated soya protein, hydrated soya protein with the temperature processing, hydrated soya protein with the preliminary keeping during 24 h, hydrated soya protein with the preliminary keeping during 24 h and temperature processing during 5 min, hydrated soya protein with the preliminary keeping during 24 h and temperature processing during 10 min; hydrated soya protein with the preliminary keeping during 24 h and temperature processing during 15 min.

It was established, that the hydrated isolate of soya protein is a plastic system, has enough strength.

The limit stress parameter at the variable velocity of deformation of model samples determines optimal technological parameters of preparing the soya isolate: hydromodule – 1: 8, temperature processing – (82±2) °С, process duration 10 min with preliminary keeping during 24 hours.

As a result of the studies, there were demonstrated technological parameters of preparing the soya protein isolate for obtaining the oil past by the direct mixing with the oil base.
Using a Transactional Model and Thematic Analysis to Evaluate a Minority Male Student Success Initiative to Improve Participants’ Campus Experience and Retention
Authors: BLİSS Kathryn Todd , MENSAH Richard , BRADLEY Kelly D. , RODGERS Alexis , THOMPSON Falynn
Published: November 2018

While the national discourse about the call for
increased effort to help strengthen retention and graduation rates among
minority college students seems to be losing its vigor, concerned citizens continue
to find other means to sustain the momentum. Similarly, the office for institutional diversity at
a public southeastern university established a minority male
student success initiative
in 2010 to help improve the educational experience of its members. The evaluators’
objectives for this transactional,
formative, and qualitative evaluation
were to understand this initiative from the different vantage points
of its stakeholders, and to determine if they were satisfied thus far with its trajectory. The evaluators found that while some
stakeholders held similar
perspectives, others differed
in their views on the initiative’s goal(s). The majority, however, expressed
satisfaction with the initiative's
direction at the time of the evaluation.
Current Challenges in the Development of Vaccines and Drugs Against Emerging Vector-borne Diseases
Authors: Kim Kwang-sun
Published: November 2018

Vectors are living organisms that transmit infectious diseases from an infected animal to humans or another animal. Biological vectors such as mosquitoes, ticks, and sand flies carry pathogens that multiply within their bodies prior to delivery to a new host. The increased prevalence of Vector-Borne Diseases (VBDs) such as Aedes-borne dengue, Chikungunya (CHIKV), Zika (ZIKV), malaria, Tick-Borne Disease (TBD), and scrub typhus has a huge impact on the health of both humans and livestock worldwide. In particular, zoonotic diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks place a considerable burden on public health. Vaccines, drugs, and vector control methods have been developed to prevent and treat VBDs and have prevented millions of deaths. However, development of such strategies is falling behind the rapid emergence of VBDs. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to fighting VBDs must be considered immediately. In this review, I focus on the challenges posed by emerging outbreaks of VBDs and discuss available drugs and vaccines designed to overcome this burden. Research into promising drugs needs to be upgraded and fast-tracked, and novel drugs or vaccines being tested in in vitro and in vivo models need to be moved into human clinical trials. Active preventive tactics, as well as new and upgraded diagnostics, surveillance, treatments, and vaccination strategies, need to be monitored constantly if we are to manage VBDs of medical importance.
Ultrasound Assisted Electrochemical Deposition of Polypyrrole - Carbon Nanotube Composite Film: Preparation, Characterization and Application to the Determination of Droxidopa
Authors: Özdokur Kemal V. , Kuşcu Ceren , Ertaş Fatma N.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Nowadays, polymeric composites modified with carbonaceous nanomaterials
have been popular due to their greater application potentials in many application fields. However,
the structural consistency of the composite prepared by electropolymerization suffers from agglomeration
of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) probably due to their poor dispersion in the coating solution.
Present study describes a new synthesis route for the preparation of polypyrrole/CNT composite film
on a Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) via combining the ultrasonication and electrochemical pulsed
deposition for the first time. The performance of the composite film was tested by monitoring the
electrochemical oxidation of droxidopa which is used as a new psychoactive drug and synthetic amino
acid precursor which acts as a prodrug to the neurotransmitters.

Methods:

The polypyrrole/CNT composite film was deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode via
combining the ultrasonication and electrochemical pulsed deposition. The composite film was characterized
by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR),
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). Then after, the electrochemical
behavior of droxidopa was investigated on the GCE/PPy-CNT electrode.

Results:

SEM images of the surface morphology have revealed a more ordered film formation and
enhanced conductivity of the surface has been confirmed by EIS measurements. The synergetic effect
of this composite film was tested by monitoring the electrochemical oxidation of a new psychoactive
drug; droxidopa at 0.45 V. The influence of solution parameters such as medium pH, pyrrole
concentration and amount of CNT along with the instrumental parameters including applied pulse
number on the peak formation was investigated by aid of cyclic voltammetry. Under the optimal
conditions, by monitoring the oxidation peak in dp mode, two linear ranges have been observed in 4 -
20 μM which is well suited for droxidopa analysis in pharmaceutical preparations. The limit of detection
(S/N=3) was calculated as 1.3 μM.

Conclusion:

Present study offers a fast, easy and sensitive method for the determination of droxidopa
by providing a novel route for the preparation of PPy-CNT composite films for any further
studies.
Retention and Treatment Outcome of Youth with Cannabis Use Disorder Referred By the Legal System
Authors: Kaminer Yifrah , Ohannessian Christine , Burke Rebecca
Published: November 2018

Background: Youth with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) referred to treatment
from the Juvenile Justice System (JJS) account for approximately half of the treatment
admissions nationwide. The objective of this paper is to report a comparison of retention and
outcomes for JJS referrals to those from the general community.

Methods: A total of 172 adolescents, 13-18 years of age, 83% males, 70% JJS referrals,
diagnosed with DSM-IV Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), enrolled in this outpatient,
randomized, continued care study. Following a 7-session weekly motivational enhancement
and cognitive behavioral therapy intervention (MET/CBT-7), only poor responders were
randomized into a 10-week second phase of either an individualized enhanced CBT or an
Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (ACRA) intervention.

Results: JJS referrals’ retention rates were significantly higher than those of non-JJS
referrals (X2(1) = 11.21, p < .01) at the end of Phase I (i.e. week 7). However, there was no
difference in abstinence rates between the groups at the end of phase I or II and any of the
quarterly additional follow-up assessments up to one year from treatment onset.

Conclusions: Additional research examining how to capitalize on improved retention rates
among youth JJS referrals is necessary in order to advance abstinence.
The Case for a Hippocratic Oath for Connected Medical Devices: Viewpoint (Preprint)
Authors: Woods Beau , Coravos Andrea , Corman Joshua David
Published: November 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

Prior to graduating from medical school, soon-to-be physicians take the Hippocratic Oath, a symbolic declaration to provide care in the best interest of patients. As the medical community increasingly deploys connected devices to deliver patient care, a critical question emerges: should the manufacturers and adopters of these connected technologies be governed by the symbolic spirit of the Hippocratic Oath? In 2016, I Am The Cavalry, a grassroots initiative from the cybersecurity research community, published the first Hippocratic Oath for Connected Medical Devices (HOCMD), containing 5 principles. Over the past three years, the HOCMD has gained broad support and influenced regulatory policy. We introduce 5 case studies of the HOCMD in practice, illustrating how the 5 principles can lead to a safer and more effective adoption of connected medical technologies.
Oncofertility decision support resources for women of reproductive age: a systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Speller Brittany , Micic Selena , Daly Corinne , Pi Lebei , Little Tari , Baxter Nancy
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Cancer treatments have the potential to cause infertility among women of reproductive age. Many cancer patients do not receive sufficient oncofertility information or referrals to reproductive specialists prior to beginning cancer treatment. While health care providers cite lack of awareness on the available oncofertility resources, the majority of cancer patients utilize the Internet as a resource to find additional information to supplement discussions with their providers.

OBJECTIVE

To identify and characterize existing oncofertility decision support resources for women of reproductive age with a diagnosis of any cancer.

METHODS

Five databases and the grey literature were searched from 1994 to 2018. The developer and content information for identified resources was extracted. Each resource underwent a quality assessment.

RESULTS

Thirty-one open access resources including four decision aids and 27 health educational materials were identified. The most common fertility preservation options listed in the resources included embryo (100%), egg (100%), and ovarian tissue (97%) freezing. Notably, approximately one-third (35%) contained references and five (16%) had a reading level of grade 8 or below. Resources were of varying quality; two decision aids from Australia and the Netherlands, two booklets from Australia and the United Kingdom, and three websites from Canada and the United States rated as the highest quality.

CONCLUSIONS

This comprehensive review characterizes numerous resources available to support patients and providers with oncofertility information, counseling, and decision-making. More focus is required to improve the awareness and the access of existing resources among patients and providers. Providers can address patient information needs by leveraging or adapting existing resources to support clinical discussions and their specific patient population.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Effectiveness of Social Media Approaches to Recruiting Young Adult Cigarillo Smokers: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cavallo David , Lim Rock , Ishler Karen , Pagano Maria , Perovsek Rachel , Albert Elizabeth , Koopman Gonzalez Sarah , Trapl Erika , Flocke Susan
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of social media use among youth and young adults suggests it is an appropriate platform for study recruitment from this population. Previous studies have examined the use of social media for recruitment, but few have compared platforms, and none, to our knowledge, have attempted to recruit cigarillo users.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of different social media platforms and advertisement images for recruiting cigarillo users aged 14-28 years to complete a cigarillo use survey.

METHODS

We obtained objective data for advertisement impressions for a 39-week social media recruitment campaign. Advertisements were targeted to users based on their age, geography, and interests. Effectiveness was defined as the percentage of approved surveys per advertising impression. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the effectiveness of different advertisement images and platforms.

RESULTS

Valid survey completers (n=1089) were predominately older (25-28 years old, n=839, 77%). Of the 1089 survey completers, 568 (52%) identified as male, 335 (31%) as African American, and 196 (18%) as Hispanic. Advertisements delivered via Facebook/Instagram were more effective than Twitter; 311/1,027,738 (0.03%) vs 661/2,998,715 (0.02%); χ21=21.45, N=4,026,453); P<.001. Across platforms, ads featuring exclusively an image of cigarillos were more effective (397/682,994, 0.06%) than ads with images of individuals smoking (254/1,308,675, 0.02%), individuals not smoking (239/1,393,134, .02%), and groups not smoking (82/641,650, 0.01%); χ23133.73, N=4,026,453; P<.001.

CONCLUSIONS

The campaign was effective in recruiting a diverse sample representative of relevant racial/ethnic categories. Advertisements on Facebook were more effective than Twitter. Advertisements that featured an image of a cigarillo were consistently the most effective and should be considered by others recruiting cigarillo users via social media.
Detecting the Interdisciplinary Nature and Topic Hotspots of Robotics in Surgery: Social Network Analysis and Bibliometric Study (Preprint)
Authors: Shen Lining , Wang Shimin , Dai Wei , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

With the widespread application of a robot to surgery, growing literature related to robotics in surgery (RS) documents widespread concerns from scientific researchers worldwide. Although such application is helpful to considerably improve the accuracy of surgery, we still lack the understanding of the multidiscipline-crossing status and topic distribution related to RS.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to detect the interdisciplinary nature and topic hotspots on RS by analyzing the current publication outputs related to RS.

METHODS

The authors collected publications related to RS in the last 21 years, indexed by the Web of Science Core Collection. Various bibliometric methods and tools were used, including literature distribution analysis at the country and institution level and interdisciplinary collaboration analysis in the different periods of time. Co-word analysis was performed based on the keywords with high frequency. The temporal visualization bar presented the evolution of topics over time.

RESULTS

A total of 7732 bibliographic records related to RS were identified. The United States plays a leading role in the publication output related to RS, followed by Italy and Germany. It should be noted that the Yonsei University in South Korea published the highest number of RS-related publications. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary collaboration is uneven; the number of disciplines involved in each paper dropped from the initial 1.60 to the current 1.31. Surgery; Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Medical Imaging; and Neurosciences and Neurology are the 4 core disciplines in the field of RS, all of which have extensive cooperation with other disciplines. The distribution of topic hotspots is in imbalanced status, which can be categorized into 7 clusters. Moreover, 3 areas about the evolution of topic were identified, namely (1) the exploration of techniques that make RS implemented, (2) rapid development of robotic systems and related applications in surgery, and (3) application of a robot to excision of tissues or organs targeted at various specific diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provided important insights into the interdisciplinary nature related to RS, which indicates that the researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds should strengthen cooperation to publish a high-quality output. The research topic hotspots related to RS are relatively scattered, which has begun to turn to the application of RS targeted at specific diseases. Our study is helpful to provide a potential guide to the direction of the field of RS for future research in the field of RS.
Understanding the Use of Smartphone Apps for Health Information Among Pregnant Chinese Women: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Na , Deng Zequn , Wen Li Ming , Ding Yan , He Gengsheng
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Hospital-based health promotion resources to assist pregnant women in adopting a healthy lifestyle and optimizing gestational weight gain are important, but with limited effects. Increasingly, women are using mobile apps to access health information during the antenatal period.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of the study were to investigate app-usage by Chinese women during pregnancy and to gain a better understanding of their views and attitudes toward apps containing health information.

METHODS

A mixed methods study design was applied. Study participants were recruited from 2 maternity hospitals in Shanghai, China, between March and July 2018. A self-administered Web-based survey was conducted with 535 pregnant Chinese women on their sources of health information and reasons for using apps during pregnancy. A total of 4 semistructured focus groups were also conducted with the pregnant women (n=28).

RESULTS

The use of pregnancy-related apps and the internet was common among the respondents. Almost half of the women had used pregnancy-related apps. Specifically, the use of apps for health information declined as pregnancy progressed from 70% (35/50) in the first trimester to 41.3% (143/346) in the third trimester. The main reason for using an app was to monitor fetal development (436/535, 81.5%), followed by learning about nutrition and recording diet in pregnancy (140/535, 26.2%). The women found that the apps were useful and convenient and can support lifestyle modifications during pregnancy. However, some apps also contained misinformation or incorrect information that could cause anxiety as reported by the participants. Many women expressed the need for developing an app containing evidence-based, well-informed, and tailored health information to support them during pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS

The study suggests that apps were widely used by many Chinese women during pregnancy to monitor fetal development, to obtain diet and physical activity information, and to track their body changes. The women highly appreciated the evidence-based information, expert opinions, and tailored advice available on apps. Smartphone apps have the potential to deliver health information for pregnant women.
Health Care and Cybersecurity: Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature (Preprint)
Authors: Jalali Mohammad S , Razak Sabina , Gordon William , Perakslis Eric , Madnick Stuart
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Over the past decade, clinical care has become globally dependent on information technology. The cybersecurity of health care information systems is now an essential component of safe, reliable, and effective health care delivery.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to provide an overview of the literature at the intersection of cybersecurity and health care delivery.

METHODS

A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science for English-language peer-reviewed articles. We carried out chronological analysis, domain clustering analysis, and text analysis of the included articles to generate a high-level concept map composed of specific words and the connections between them.

RESULTS

Our final sample included 472 English-language journal articles. Our review results revealed that majority of the articles were focused on technology: Technology–focused articles made up more than half of all the clusters, whereas managerial articles accounted for only 32% of all clusters. This finding suggests that nontechnological variables (human–based and organizational aspects, strategy, and management) may be understudied. In addition, Software Development Security, Business Continuity, and Disaster Recovery Planning each accounted for 3% of the studied articles. Our results also showed that publications on Physical Security account for only 1% of the literature, and research in this area is lacking. Cyber vulnerabilities are not all digital; many physical threats contribute to breaches and potentially affect the physical safety of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results revealed an overall increase in research on cybersecurity and identified major gaps and opportunities for future work.
Reducing Retail Merchandising of Discretionary Food and Beverages in Remote Indigenous Community Stores: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Brimblecombe Julie , Ferguson Megan , McMahon Emma , Peeters Anna , Miles Edward , Wycherley Thomas , Minaker Leia M , De Silva Khia , Greenacre Luke , Mah Catherine
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Discretionary food and beverages (products high in saturated fat, added sugars, and salt) are detrimental to a healthy diet. Nevertheless, they provide 42% of total energy and account for 53% of food and beverage expenditure for remote living Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, contributing to the excessive burden of chronic diseases experienced by this population group.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to test an intervention to reduce sales of discretionary products, in collaboration with the Arnhem Land Progress Aboriginal Corporation (ALPA), which operates 25 stores in very remote Australia, by reducing their merchandising and substituting with core products in remote Australian communities.

METHODS

We will use a community-level randomized controlled pragmatic trial design. Stores randomized to the intervention group will be supported by ALPA to reduce merchandising of 4 food categories (sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages, sweet biscuits, and confectionery) that together provide 64% of energy from discretionary foods and 87% of total free sugars in very remote community stores. The remaining stores (50% of total) will serve as controls and conduct business as usual. Electronic store sales data will be collected at baseline, 12-weeks intervention, and 24-weeks postintervention to objectively assess the primary outcome of percent change in purchases of free sugars (g/megajoule) and secondary business- and diet-related outcomes. Critical to ensuring translation to improved store policies and healthier diets in remote Indigenous Australia, we will conduct (1) an in-depth implementation evaluation to assess fidelity, (2) a customer intercept survey to investigate the relationship between customer characteristics and discretionary food purchasing, and (3) a qualitative study to identify policy supports for scale-up of health-enabling policy action in stores.

RESULTS

As of August 2018, 20 stores consented to participate and were randomized to receive the intervention or continue usual business. The 12-week strategy ended in December 2018. The 24-week postintervention follow-up will occur in May 2019. Trial results are expected for 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

Novel pragmatic research approaches are needed to inform policy for healthy retail food environments. This research will greatly advance our understanding of how the retail food environment can be used to improve population-level diet in the remote Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander context and retail settings globally.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001588280; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375933 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/76dbQEmwN)

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/12646
Navigating Through Electronic Health Records: Survey Study on Medical Students’ Perspectives in General and With Regard to a Specific Training (Preprint)
Authors: Herrmann-Werner Anne , Holderried Martin , Loda Teresa , Malek Nisar , Zipfel Stephan , Holderried Friederike
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

An electronic health record (EHR) is the state-of-the-art method for ensuring all data concerning a given patient are up to date for use by multidisciplinary hospital teams. Therefore, medical students need to be trained to use health information technologies within this environment from the early stages of their education.

OBJECTIVE

As little is known about the effects of specific training within the medical curriculum, this study aimed to develop a course module and evaluate it to offer best practice teaching for today’s students. Moreover, we looked at the acceptance of new technologies such as EHRs.

METHODS

Fifth-year medical students (N=104) at the University of Tübingen took part in a standardized two-day training procedure about the advantages and risks of EHR use. After the training, students performed their own EHR entries on hypothetical patient cases in a safe practice environment. In addition, questionnaires—standardized and with open-ended questions—were administered to assess students’ experiences with a new teaching module, a newly developed EHR simulator, the acceptance of the health technology, and their attitudes toward it before and after training.

RESULTS

After the teaching, students rated the benefit of EHR training for medical knowledge significantly higher than before the session (mean 3.74, SD 1.05). However, they also had doubts about the long-term benefit of EHRs for multidisciplinary coworking after training (mean 1.96, SD 0.65). The special training with simulation software was rated as helpful for preparing students (88/102, 86.2%), but they still did not feel safe in all aspects of EHR.

CONCLUSIONS

A specific simulated training on using EHRs helped students improve their knowledge and become more aware of the risks and challenges of such a system. Overall, students welcomed the new training module and supported the integration of EHR teaching into the medical curriculum. Further studies are needed to optimize training modules and make use of long-term feedback opportunities a simulated system offers.
Computer-Aided Detection for Breast Cancer Screening in Clinical Settings: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Masud Rafia , Al-Rei Mona , Lokker Cynthia
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

With the growth of machine learning applications, the practice of medicine is evolving. Computer-aided detection (CAD) is a software technology that has become widespread in radiology practices, particularly in breast cancer screening for improving detection rates at earlier stages. Many studies have investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CAD, but its implementation in clinical settings has been largely overlooked.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this scoping review was to summarize recent literature on the adoption and implementation of CAD during breast cancer screening by radiologists and to describe barriers and facilitators for CAD use.

METHODS

The MEDLINE database was searched for English, peer-reviewed articles that described CAD implementation, including barriers or facilitators, in breast cancer screening and were published between January 2010 and March 2018. Articles describing the diagnostic accuracy of CAD for breast cancer detection were excluded. The search returned 526 citations, which were reviewed in duplicate through abstract and full-text screening. Reference lists and cited references in the included studies were reviewed.

RESULTS

A total of nine articles met the inclusion criteria. The included articles showed that there is a tradeoff between the facilitators and barriers for CAD use. Facilitators for CAD use were improved breast cancer detection rates, increased profitability of breast imaging, and time saved by replacing double reading. Identified barriers were less favorable perceptions of CAD compared to double reading by radiologists, an increase in recall rates of patients for further testing, increased costs, and unclear effect on patient outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a gap in the literature between CAD’s well-established diagnostic accuracy and its implementation and use by radiologists. Generally, the perceptions of radiologists have not been considered and details of implementation approaches for adoption of CAD have not been reported. The cost-effectiveness of CAD has not been well established for breast cancer screening in various populations. Further research is needed on how to best facilitate CAD in radiology practices in order to optimize patient outcomes, and the views of radiologists need to be better considered when advancing CAD use.
EasyDetectDisease: An Android App for Early Symptom Detection and Prevention of Childhood Infectious Diseases (Preprint)
Authors: Ponum Mahvish , Hasan Osman , Khan Saadia
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Infectious diseases often lead to death among children under 5 years in many underdeveloped and developing countries. One of the main reasons behind this is an unawareness of disease symptoms among mothers and child caregivers. To overcome this, we propose the EasyDetectDisease mobile health app to educate mothers about the early symptoms of pediatric diseases and to provide them with practical advice for preventing the spread of such diseases in children under 5 years. The EasyDetectDisease app includes detailed knowledge of infectious diseases, including the corresponding symptoms, causes, incubation period, preventive measures, nutritional guidelines such as breastfeeding, video tutorials of child patients, and video guidelines by pediatric health experts to promote child health. It also provides information on the diagnosis of the infectious diseases based on symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usability (eg, ease of use, easy detection of disease, functionality, and navigation of interfaces) of the EasyDetectDisease app among mothers of children under 5 years of age.

METHODS

Two health sessions, held in Pakistan, were used to evaluate the usability of EasyDetectDisease by 30 mothers of children under 5 years. The app was evaluated based on various quantitative and qualitative measures.

RESULTS

The participating mothers confirmed that they were able to diagnose diseases accurately and that after following the instructions provided, their children recovered rapidly without any nutritional deficiency. All participating mothers showed an interest in using the EasyDetectDisease app if made available by governmental public health agencies, and they suggested its inclusion in all mobile phones as a built-in health app in the future.

CONCLUSIONS

EasyDetectDisease was modified into a user-friendly app based on feedback collected during the usability sessions. All participants found it acceptable and easy to use, especially illiterate mothers. The EasyDetectDisease app proved to be a useful tool for child health care at home and for the treatment of infectious diseases and is expected to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.
Remote monitoring and early detection of sub-clinical atrial fibrillation in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients: incidence, risk factors and prognostic significance (Preprint)
Authors: Surget Elodie , Kouakam Claude , Sandro Ninni , Finat Loic , Klein Cédric , Marquié Christelle , Potelle Charlotte , Brigadeau François , Klug Didier , Lacroix Dominique , Guédon-Moreau Laurence
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Atrial high rate episodes (AHREs) detected by cardiac electronic implantable devices are common. They are significantly associated with mortality and morbidity due to systemic embolism and ischemic stroke. Much earlier detection of AHREs might allow the timely introduction of therapies to protect the patient.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of AHREs in patients with implantable defibrillator in the era of remote monitoring (RM), and to analyze the choice of anticoagulant treatment strategies and its potential complications.

METHODS

1226 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator remotely followed-up were prospectively included from January 2009 to December 2016 at Lille University Hospital. The first phase of the study focuses primarily on the incidence and risk factors of AHREs and the second analysis was confined to patients presenting at least one AHRE. Survey analysis was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups with the Logrank test.

RESULTS

Among the 1226 patients, 63 presented at least one AHRE detected by RM which corresponds to an incidence of 5.14%. In ¾ of cases, the AHRE was completely asymptomatic. In the remaining quarter, the most common symptom was dyspnea. The main precipitating factor was infection. AHRE risk factors were thyroid dysfunction (p = 0.0047) and left atrial enlargement (p = 0.0317). None of these factors were associated with atrial fibrillation duration. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2.64 ± 1.38. Oral anticoagulation therapy was introduced in 47 patients (88.7%). The incidence of thromboembolic events was 1.6% and that of anticoagulation-related hemorrhagic complications was 8.5% (n = 4) with ¾ major.

CONCLUSIONS

AHRE is a common disease. Risk factors are thyroid dysfunction and left atrial enlargement. Its thromboembolism risk seems to be low. The introduction of anticoagulation therapy is based on the evaluation of clinical risk scores for systemic embolism and its indication must be regularly assessed because hemorrhagic complications are common.
Model Pengembangan Paradigma Masyarakat bagi Kepemilikan Rumah yang Terpisah dari Tanah
Authors: Roestamy Martin , Rahmawati Rita
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe main issue causing difficulties for low income people to get decent housing is the paradigm they have that owning a house means owning the land.  This Study used quantitative and qualitative approach. Results showed that the community paradigm of separated ownership of house and land was low.  this study resulted in a formulation of development model of community paradigm of house ownership separated from land ownership.  Based on this model, it was concluded that community paradigm of house ownership separated from land ownership could be developed if there were interesting compensations to eliminate people hesitance about having an apartment.  IntisariPersoalan utama yang menyebabkan masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah di Indonesia sulit memperoleh rumah adalah adanya paradigma masyarakat tentang kepemilikan rumah yang bermakna kepemilikan tanah. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paradigma masyarakat tentang kepemilikan rumah yang terpisah dari tanah  masih rendah. Masyarakat lebih menyukai tinggal di rumah yang menyatu dengan tanah dibandingkan dengan tinggal di rumah susun. Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan rumusan model pengembangan paradigma masyarakat bagi kepemilikan rumah yang terpisah dari tanah. Berdasarkan model tersebut, paradigm masyarakat dapat dikembangkan jika terdapat konpensasi menarik dari kepemilikan rumah susun.
Konvergensi Civil Law dan Common Law di Indonesia dalam Penemuan dan Pembentukan Hukum
Authors: Ramadhan Choky
Published: November 2018

AbstractCommon law countries, known as a jurisdiction where the judge makes law. However, this conception adopted by Civil Law countries including Indonesia. In Indonesia, the judge in court or Constitutional Court occasionally interpret and create a law to fill in the gap between law and society or amend the law to respond citizens’ interest. This practice has longstanding tradition and srong root since Roman Empire and also in Indonesia. It becomes one of the influential factors of the convergence of Common law judiciary system that could invent the law in Indonesia.IntisariNegara penganut sistem hukum Common Law dikenal sebagai yurisdiksi dimana hakim sebagai pihak pembuat hukum (judge made law). Konsep tersebut sudah diadopsi negara bersistem hukum EropaKontinental seperti Indonesia. Hakim pengadilan maupun hakim konstitusi tidak jarang membuat penemuan hukum untuk mengisi ketiadaan hukum atau memperbarui hukum agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan zaman. Praktik penemuan dan pembentukan hukum oleh hakim di pengadilan ini ternyata memiliki akar sejarah serta tradisi yang cukup kuat sejak zaman romawi dan termasuk juga di Indonesia. Hal tersebut menjadi salah satu faktor penting terjadinya konvergensi sistem peradilan Common Law yang menemukan dan membentuk hukum di Indonesia.
Research on Comprehensive Development Strategy of Railway Station Space under the Background of Urbanization
Authors: Jin Cong-yi , Shen Zhong-wei
Published: November 2018

With the development of urbanization and the arrival of the high-speed rail era in China, railway stations as urban transportation centers, the spatial structure and functional organization of stations have also undergone major changes, and their spatial integration trends and complex forms are becoming increasingly prominent.on this basis, promote the comprehensive development of the station space and the rational construction of its functional system, and conduct research on relevant strategies to rationally utilize the station resources to meet the various needs of urban development, traffic construction and public activities, and help guide stations. The city integrates and contributes to the sustainable development of the city.
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF REAL AND NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS FOR DEFINING THE ULTIMATE BEARING CAPACITY OF LIGHT GAUGE STEEL STUDS “ATLANT”
Authors: Kashevarova Galina G. , Kosykh Pavel A.
Published: November 2018

The article in question describes the results of comparison of numerical and real experiments, presented in the report of the Canadian laboratory “Bodycote” [1]. The paper depicts the test fixture, on witch six samples (two typical sizes) of light gauge steel stud “ATLANT” were tested. As a result, dependencies between bearing capacity and characteristic displacements were received. In order to repeat the experiment, the series of computer models were created with the software ANSYS. The computer models have complex nature: geometrical / physical nonlinearity was used. For accounting steel material nonlinearity, we used a multilinear model with isotropic hardening (MISO). The proper diagram was used for each typical size in accordance with the experiments on the tensile-testing machine. For the purpose of supporting condition and load modeling which are identical to the full-scale experiment, a couple of contact elements were used. The utilization of contact elements allowed us to consider friction between the sample and the supporting structures. One of the disadvantages of the full-scale experiment is the absence of measurements of the initial geometrical imperfections. For their consideration the use of probabilistic approach is suggested. This approach entails calculation of several models with different spread of initial imperfections. The initial geometrical imperfections with stochastic nature were included in the computing model. Parameters of distribution were based on the measurements of eighty-eight C-shaped members [8]. In the result of comparison, fine precision in terms of the ultimate bearing capacity and deformation pattern were established. According to expectation, the results of the full-scale experiments were found inside the fictitious “corridor”, created in accordance with the results of computer modeling.