bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Longitudinal Pedestal Layout during Beam Prefabrication on Bridge Floor
Authors: Zhou Shui Xing , Li Ling Ling , Zhou Wei , Yang Chang Long
Published: June 2012

A method of prefabricating beam on bridge floor is sometimes employed in mountain difficult terrain. Four forms of longitudinal pedestal layout and three analysis cases obtained by orthogonal analysis method were drawn up, the mechanical behavior of the tool girder were studied by the finite element software and the role of deck pavement for tool girder was discussed. The results show that when the end of pedestal was situated in mid-span, the tool girder will reach the most disadvantageous status. Moreover, reinforced concrete deck pavement not only can improve the stiffness and integrity of the tool girder, but also can effectively decrease internal forces and deformations of the tool girder.
Analysis on Post-Construction Settlement of Pile Group Foundation and Load Monitoring for Dazhangcun Grand Bridge
Authors: Su Hui Feng , Liu Fu Chun , Wang En Xu
Published: June 2012

Combining with the construction of Dazhangcun Grand Bridge of Datong-Xian passenger dedicated railway line, typical pile foundations’ axial load of steel bars and settlement of foundation was monitored and analyzed. At the same time, some meaningful conclusion which were reference and guiding significance for design and construction of the similar project in collapsed loess district were drawn.
Analysis of the Superstructure of South-to-North Water Diversion Bridge
Authors: Li Ming Hong , Wang Yi Li , Wan Shui
Published: June 2012

Based on the South-to-North Water Diversion Bridge (70m+120m+70m prestressed concrete composite box-girder bridge with corrugated steel webs), structural static analysis of the bridge’s superstructure was taken out by finite element method, which were checked with the existing regulatory requirements. The result indicates that the carrying capacity in the ultimate limit state meet the requirement of the standard, the vertical shear stress of corrugated steel web satisfies the standard limit and the thickness of corrugated steel web satisfies the request, but the safety factor is not high.
Analysis of the Traditional Regional Architecture Energy
Authors: Meng Hui Ling , Li Li
Published: June 2012

The global integration process accelerated the traditional architectural style of the same tendency in China. New building materials, such as concrete, steel and glass are used, the regional architecture that suitable environment and climate characteristics were rebuilt or demolished. The energy saving mechanism and the indoor thermal and humidity environment has undergone tremendous changes, thus to some extent affected the people's way of life and life experience. Regional architecture in Henan is also faced with the same problem. Regional architecture energy saving based on the profound understanding of regional environmental and climate condition, how to make full use of local technical conditions and natural factors and taking energy-saving measures, make its accord with the local history, social and cultural characteristics, the low carbon environmental protection “Regional energy-saving mechanisms” is the right way .
Test Research on Aerodynamic Interference Effect on Aerostatic Coefficients of Main Beam in Parallel Bridge
Authors: Wang Jie , Liu Jian Xin
Published: June 2012

Against the problem of the aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients between parallel continuous rigid frame bridges with high-pier and long-span, the aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of main beam in the parallel long-span continuous rigid frame bridges were investigated in details by means of wind tunnel test. The space between the two main beams and wind attack angles were changed during the wind tunnel test to study the effects on aerodynamic interferences of aerostatic coefficients of main beam. The test got aerostatic coefficients of 10 conditions. The research results have shown that the aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of main beam in parallel bridges can not be ignored. The aerodynamic interference effects on parallel bridge main beam is shown mainly as follows: The drag coefficient of main beam downstream dropped and the drag coefficient of main beam upstream changed but not change significantly. There are also the aerodynamic interference effects of lateral force coefficient and torque coefficient between the main beams upstream and downstream. The effects upstream are smaller and the effects downstream are larger.
Study on Influence of the Truss Bridge’s Nature Frequency by Added Masses
Authors: Jiang Xiang Lin , Zhang Dong Bing , Zen Guo Liang
Published: June 2012

Due to the role of the vehicle, the large-span bridge’s frequency which is according to the bridge monitoring data is actually the vibration frequency of the vehicle-bridge coupled vibration system, but not the bridge’s natural frequency. This paper gets formulation of the added mass and the beam’s natural frequency according to the added mass of the beam’s vibration equation; and the formulation is tested by experiments and numerical simulation of a large-span steel truss bridge model. Result shows that added masses which have the fixed location are linearly proportional to changing values of the bridge’s nature frequency.
Experimental Study of the Influence of Beam-Reduction and Rib-Addition Strengthening Method on Bridge Natural Vibration Properties
Authors: Pu Guang Ning
Published: June 2012

In order to study the influence of beam-reduction and rib-addition strengthening method on the natural vibration properties of hollow slab bridges, based on bridge natural vibration frequency and the vibration mode in the first three orders as main comparison parameters, according to the comparison between the theoretical values as well as experimental values of the natural vibration properties before and after strengthening, the practical effect of this strengthening method is studied. The test data show that the beam-reduction and rib-addition strengthening method results in an obvious enhancement of the natural vibration frequency of simply supported hollow slab bridges, which proves that the strengthening method has remarkable improvement effect on the rigidity of bridges. It can be seen from the comparison of the changes of the vibration mode in the first three orders before and after strengthening that the transverse connection of bridge is strengthened and the integrity is prominently enhanced after strengthening. The study result is that the beam-reduction and rib-addition strengthening method can greatly enhance the structural behavior of hollow slab bridges.
Buffeting Time-Domain Analysis of Long-Span and Slender Suspension Bridge with a Steel Truss Stiffened Girder
Authors: Jiang Xiu Juan , Wu Jun Yan , Liu Jian Xin
Published: June 2012

Consideration of natural wind related features, improved use of the harmonic synthesis, along with a high degree of change Simiu spectrum and Lumley-Panofsky spectrum as the goal of full-bridge stochastic wind field were simulated, generating a bridge structure of discrete points of vertical and horizontal wind pulse of time. Carried on the simulation using large universal finite element ANSYS, and the overall evaluation structure’s geometry misalignment, the host cable bridge tower wind load, the effective wind angle of attack’s influence, has calculated of the beam self-excited forces and obtained the long-span and slender suspension bridge with steel truss stiffened girder buffeting response result.
Research on the Influence Factors to the Working Performance of PBL Shear Connectors
Authors: Zhang Yu Zhi , Li Qiao , Xia Song
Published: June 2012

In order to investigate the influence rules of the factors such as: the area of the hole in the steel plate, the cross section area of the transfixion steel bar, the concrete strength and the thickness of the steel plate on the working performance of the PBL shear connectors, the effectiveness of finite element method was verified by comparing the results of the test and that of the finite element method, then the PBL working performance indexes under each influence factor with different values were calculated. The results showed that the area of the hole in the steel plate and the concrete strength were the main influence factors to the elastic ultimate load, the elastic stiffness and the initial yield load of the PBL, the cross section area of the transfixion steel bar had some influence on the elastic stiffness and the initial yield load, the steel plate thickness had some influence on the elastic stiffness and the elastic ultimate slip of the PBL.
Simulation Analysis of Shrinkage and Creep for Bowstring Arch Bridge Steel Tube Concrete in Different Specification
Authors: Zhang Rong Ling , Wang Liang , Yang Chang An , Yang Bing , Zhu Chang Yue , Hao Qiang Jian
Published: June 2012

The actual bowstring arch CFST is taken as the background,the paper using finite element analysis method, researched the shrinkage and creep of combination of steel and concrete structure. Through the use of different countries regulation of shrinkage and creep of concrete, the effects of the structure deflection separately were studied ,then explain the different influence degree of different norms in the calculation of the creep and shrinkage of concrete; The paper also has also put forward the doubt about accurate calculation concrete filled steel tubular structure shrinkage and creep of concrete, it puts forward new requirements for the research and standards about steel tube concrete shrinkage and creep at last.
The Closure Scheme Optimization Analysis of Multiple Large-Span Prestressed Continuous Beam Bridges
Authors: Hao Jian Ming , Zhou Kai Fa
Published: June 2012

It is critical to choose a reasonable closure scheme for the construction or post- construction state of multiple large-span prestressed continuous beam bridges. The feasible closure schemes were analyzed and evaluated. The optimum closure scheme analysis method was proposed. Take Wei river bridge for instance, by deformation, internal force and stress comparison, and construction roubustness analysis, the optimum closure scheme is set down to ensure the girder close smoothly with reasonable internal force.
Life Cycle Reliability Assessment of Concrete Beam Bridges under Atmospheric Environment
Authors: Wang Xiao Ming , Shi Xue Fei , Ruan Xin
Published: June 2012

The degradation model of reinforced concrete under general atmospheric environment was summarized. The life-cycle reliability assessment method of existing concrete beam bridges was proposed. The probability model of the life cycle resistance and load effect were established. The time-dependent reliability analysis program was compiled. The engineering application shows that the life-cycle reliability assessment method introducing the material degradation model can predict the remaining life of existing bridges scientifically, and ensure safe operation of bridges.
Research of Deformation and Stress of Long-Span Arch Bridge under the Effect of Shrinkage and Creep in the Construction Process
Authors: Wang Jie Jun , Zhu Qing Liang , Peng Xiao Liang
Published: June 2012

Considering the transformation of the system and the increasing of the load in the construction process of long-span arch bridge, combining with the definite engineering example and calculating the construction process of arch bridge by using finite element method,focusing on the analysis of deformation and stress of arch bridge under the effect of shrinkage and creep in the process of construction.
Model Experimental Study on Incremental Launching Construction Method of Large–Span Arch-Girder Combination Bridge
Authors: Li Xiao Bin , Li Ying , Kong Xiang Shao
Published: June 2012

The incremental launching construction method of super large-span arch-girder combination bridges is a new way in construction for late-model bridges. This article introduced the similarity model of a large-span arch-girder combination bridge based on similarity theory, in order to study the dangerous conditions during the construction of the real bridge. This article discussed the structure responses under one，two，three times dead-load additional weight and the wind load separately. The experiment result demonstrates that the experiment method could simulate the dangerous conditions during the real construction and check the stress effectively which can provide technical support for the construction of similar bridges.
Research on Simply-Supported Continuous Bridge’s Internal Force Optimized by Unequal Altitude Bearings
Authors: Gao Shang , Wang Lei
Published: June 2012

There is a big difference between force of the fulcrum positions when simply-supported continuous bridge(SSCB) is under load.This paper introduces a method of making SSCB’s fulcrum internal force under load more uniform through applying forced displacement produced by using enequal altitude bearings.Using the force method in structural mechanics infers the forced displacement formula, which provide a theoretical basis for improving SSCB’s structure stress.
Three Dimensional Numerical Analyses of Bridge Piled-Raft Foundation under Riverbed Erosion
Authors: Liu Wen Tsung , Li Yi Yi
Published: June 2012

From the 921 earthquake to the major typhoons, including the Morakot typhoon, they damaged original landscape of rivers in Taiwan. In recent years, it alleged that abutment bridge exposed to the most serious security problems. Because of bridge piers in addition to the face of long-term river erosion, the flood on the pier will produce localized erosion near the bridge. The pier will be due to inadequate bearing capacity, resulting in subsidence, displacement, bridge version accompanied by tilting and even caving. The river erosion of soil around the piers deposits and production of contraction will often reduce the bearing capacity. Therefore, how to accurately estimate the scour depth, calculate piers to withstand water impact and analyses its stability for preventing injuries in the first place is the current pressing issues. In this study, three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) analysis program Plaxis 3D foundation is used. Polaris second bridge is selected for analysis. Based on local scouring of the model and various numerical variable conditions, the parameter of bridge pier is studied.
Disease Analysis and Solutions of the Prestressed Concrete Bridge Cracks
Authors: Zhang Da , Yao Hong Bo
Published: June 2012

Prestressed concrete bridge, once completed, will inevitably generate a lot of cracks.These cracks seriously impact on the use of the bridge function. Cited a variety of cracks in prestressed concrete bridges, and from the cracks of prestressed concrete structures and components, described the causes of the prestressed concrete bridge cracks ,thus proposed a crack-effective preventive measures and treatment measures.
Energy Saving Benefit Analysis of Green Construction Using Energy-Efficient Lighting Equipment
Authors: Sung Po Hsun , Lin Jyh Dong , Shiu Ruei Hung , Chen Chung Yuan , Lin Chen Yu , Lin Ming Da
Published: June 2012

It's an important topic that how to improve the illumination but decreasing or no increasing the electricity loads. The energy-efficient lighting equipment in the study was T5 lighting fixture combining with High-efficiency Reflector and Low-loss Diffuser Plate. The High-Efficiency Reflector could reflex the luminous energy above 97%. The illuminance could be improved largely through using the High-Efficiency Reflector without additional power. The High-Efficient Equipment illuminated the environment with low glare by the lights through the plate. Saving electricity was 47.5% and the measured illumination was increased more than 2 times in case one. The saving electricity was 30% and the measured illumination was increased about 1.5~2 times in case two. The specific benefits using energy-efficient lighting equipment were saving energy and enhance illumination. Cost of the investment achieved balance about 9.5~13.3 months. The additional value was a lighting environment with uniformity and low-glare. The energy-efficient lighting equipment could be an option of green construction.
Comparative Study on Seismic Performance of Prestressed Concrete Box-Girder Bridges with Corrugated Steel Webs
Authors: Jiang Rui Juan , Gai Wei Ming , He Xue Feng , Chen Yi Yan
Published: June 2012

Prestressed concrete (PC) box-girders with corrugated steel webs are one of the promising steel concrete composite structures applied to highway bridges. Although the basic structural characteristics including bending, shearing and torsion, etc., have been paid much attention, few researches on the seismic performance of this type of bridges are found, especially when the span of this type of bridges becomes larger and larger. In this paper, the seismic performance of one long-span PC box-girder bridge with corrugated steel webs is studied and compared with a conventional box-girder bridge with concrete webs, based on response spectrum analysis using ANSYS. The results show that, the vertical and transverse displacements of the box-girder with corrugated steel webs are slightly less than those of the box-girder with concrete webs, but the longitudinal displacement reverses, under the same earthquake excitation. The bending moments of representative sections of the box-girder bridge with corrugated steel webs are only about 70% ~ 90% of those of the corresponding conventional PC girder bridge. The results indicate that the box-girder bridge will have better seismic performance if the corrugated steel webs are adopted instead of the concrete webs, but it could also fulfill the tasks such as displacement control which resulted from stiffness reduction.
Spatial Analysis of Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration Response between Curved Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge and Motor Vehicle
Authors: Shi Ying , Fang Shan Ting , Tian Qing Yong , Chen Wei
Published: June 2012

According to the coordination equation of displacement between two system, spatial finite element model of curved continuous rigid frame bridge built by grillage method and whole vehicle model of 7 DOF, spatial numerical resolution of vehicle-bridge coupling was achieved. Then response curves of vehicle-bridge coupled vibration under different eccentric loads were obtained and dynamic coefficients of each web were solved. Compared with beam model, the results indicate that dynamic coefficients curves of each web under eccentric loads can be well simulated by grillage method and their differences also be reflected. So this method is universal and can be referenced by coupled vibration analysis of other complicated bridges.
Bridge Structural Safety Assessment Technology Based on Statistic Analysis
Authors: Liu Si Meng , Liu Fang Ping , Liu Lu
Published: June 2012

This paper aims to analyze the statistic rules of the live load effect and the degradation effect and propose some ideas on the bridge structural safety assessment on the condition that both effects closely relate to bridges’ structural performance. Besides, the technology of bridge structural safety assessment based on statistic analysis is also supported by a EWMA controlling Figure with double control limits suitable for bridge structures. After the application in the Ma Sang Xi Yangtze River Bridge project, the technology is proved as reliable, visualized, and perspective in application.
Situ Tests of Bearing Character on Large Diameter Deep Socketed Pile in Qingdao Gulf Bridge
Authors: He Chun Lin , Gong Cheng Zhong
Published: June 2012

With the development of long-span bridge engineering and increase of load on construction, the piles which socketed in rock more than 5 diameters have been used in some bridge engineering. Based on the technique of Anchored piles method, the static load tests of large diameter and deep socketed piles had been carried out in Qingdao Gulf Bridge. The bearing characteristics of large diameter pile were analyzed, including the load displacement curves of test pile; the axial force; the relationship between side friction and displacement and the sharing ratio of side resistance and end resistance. Finally, the test results were compared with specifications, The results showed that the bearing characteristic of deep socketed piles was as same as the friction piles in this area; from the results of test the side friction of pile could be estimated lower in strongly weathering breccia area while the friction in strong- weakly weathered breccia was relatively close to the value of exploration reports. At the bottom of the pile, because the relatively displacement of pile-rock was small, the pile side resistance is relatively small. It could be seen that the estimate of bearing capacity was less than the test result, and the pile foundation was safety enough.
Research on Surface Cracks Identification of Continuous Steel Box Girder Bridge by Wavelet Analysis of the Strain Mode
Authors: Guan De Qing , Ying Hong Wei , Zhong Xiao Lin
Published: June 2012

The paper chose a three-span continuous steel box girder bridge with horizontal semicircular surface cracks as research object, and the cracks are non-through and unsymmetrical. Solving strain modal parameters of beams with cracks by means of the three-dimensional finite element theory, and applying continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to analyze the strain mode by Haar wavelet, then the position of the cracks could be identified by the maximum of wavelet coefficients. The validity of the method has been proved by numerical calculation and analysis. Some useful conclusions for continuous steel girders bridge have been drawn and it has been useful in surface flaw identification and diagnosis in structures.
Research on Design and Construction of Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge in Canyon Area
Authors: Peng Jing Rong , Jiang Tian Hua , Peng Yi , Jin Qing Ping
Published: June 2012

One high piers and long-span bridge in mountainous area is designed as three-span which is 106+200+106 meters. The superstructure is pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid frame, and the sub-structure is hollow thin wall piers among which the highest is 167 meters. Under the background of this bridge, this paper mainly introduces the designing and construction methods of high piers and long-span continuous rigid frame bridge in canyon area, with the expectation to be served as reference to design the similar bridges in the future.
Field Test of a Multigirder Concrete Bridge of 25m Span
Authors: Yang Jian Rong , Zheng Zuo Xiong , Yang Xiao Dong , Bai Hong Da
Published: June 2012

A load test on a multigirder concrete bridge of 25m Span having a noncomposite deck slab is described. The bridge was designed to have eight simple supported spans, each consisting of a cross section with six RC T beam. Through analyzing the static and dynamic character of bridge structures, calculating efficiency ratio of load test, pickign up the results of observation points, it was determined that the girders were acting non-compositely with the concrete deck and that significant restraint was being developed at the bearing supports. Results of analyses conducted using the numerical model were compared to the measured response and found to be quite similar. By comparing the various load ratings, and by considering the nature of the unintended composite action and support restraint, decisions regarding the determination of a safe bridge rating are discussed.
Study on Mathematical Model of Freight Transportation Logistic Control
Authors: Zuo Li
Published: June 2012

Freight transportation activities in the present circumstances are closely related to a larger context of logistics decision-making, but logistic requirement is not relevant to all types of goods. Most existing freight transport demand models used for mode and route selection still focus only on the direct factors. This paper discusses the taxonomy of logistic and transport models, and the factors can be incorporated into freight transport demand models in order to improve the forecasting capability of the model.
Inventory-Transportation Integrated Optimization Problem in Many-to-One Distribution System
Authors: Liu Li Hui , Pei Ying Mei , Sun Jing
Published: June 2012

In many-one distribution system, the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) was applied to solve the Inventory-transportation Integrated Optimization problem (ITIO problem). The ITIO problem in many-one distribution system is difficult. When the product variety, the supplier quantity or the vehicle capacity increases, the calculated quantity will increase exponentially, and it is very difficult to get an exact solution. However, the GRASP can answer this problem. Further, by analyzing the computer experiments, it is proved that the GRASP can find the better solution to the ITIO problem in less time, and the quality of the solution will be improved with the size of the problem expanding.
The Quantitative Model of Curb Parking Impacts on Traffic Flow Delay
Authors: Chang Yu Lin , Zhang Shuang
Published: June 2012

This paper presents a quantitative analysis model of curb parking impacts on traffic flow delay. Whether a road is appropriate setting curb parking is quantitatively analyzed. Based on the variation of traffic delay on a road with curb parking lots, the impacts of curb parking facilities on traffic flow are analyzed. The traffic delay caused by curb parking activities that under both low and high volume conditions are researched. A model respectively using discrete, continuous values of delay as evaluation indicator is built. The validity of the model is tested through application examples.
Single-Line Traffic Lights Wireless Signal Control Device
Authors: Yu Sen Bin , Hu Yong Ju , He Xin Sheng , Yang Si Wei , Chen Xi Wen
Published: June 2012

In the light of tunnel construction, traffic accidents, sudden geological disasters cause of single-line road conditions, designing a single-line road traffic lights wireless signal control device to solve the traffic congestion and the problem of low efficiency of traffic. The device uses wireless transceiver module to sent the signal what was got from the photoelectric sensor to the single-chip microcomputer, single chip microcomputer (SCM) processes switch signals, the last step is to control the traffic light state through the driver circuit. This paper expounds the wireless signal control device trickle structure, working principle, and technical index of the various components, and it puts forward the operation under a feasible solution.
Random P-Set and System State Recognition
Authors: Guo Zhi Lin
Published: June 2012

Based on the concept of set and according to the randomness of element migration, the paper firstly proposed the concept of the random of set, providing the system state function of the random set , the deviate metrics and the recognition criteria of the system state. And it exemplified the random set in the system state report identification applicationtemplate.
Design of Multimedia Assets Management System Based on RFID
Authors: Wang Ming Hui , Zheng Zhou , Pan Jun Hua , Liu Jie Fang
Published: June 2012

In the multimedia device management system, because can be applied to reading information from the tags and also to communicating with the database server through the GPRS network, the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is superior to the currently widespread automatic identification (Auto-ID) technology of the barcode, so which can provide further benefits. On the basis of applying the RFID technology to the management of multimedia devices, we design a RFID-based multimedia devices management system.
Visualization Method of Bucket Terminal Yard Working Data
Authors: Lu Hou Jun , Zhen Hui Qiang , Chang Dao Fang
Published: June 2012

The 3D visualization technology is a kind of means and methods to achieve the human-computer interaction. Instead of the discrete objects in container terminal yard, the cargo in bulk terminal yard is always being a form with particle. This paper gives a method which integrates modeling manually and real-time reconstruction automatically to achieve 3D visualization of bulk terminal yard. Since to meet the requirement of real-time rendering and also decision data computing fast, this paper designs the data structure to describe the digital stockpile formed with a hierarchy relationship between surfaces, sections and space points, and also considers the closest distance as the main condition for searching and updating an old section, to visualize the working process in bucket terminal yard.
The Improvement of Monocular Distance Measurement in Security Warning System
Authors: Wei Fu Lu
Published: June 2012

The security warning system need to be real-time and far detection distance. In this article, we use the method of the camera calibration in surface which is based on the method of direct Linear Transformation, and which is simple calculation and can meet the needs of the long distance detection. And on the basis of the existing methord of monocular distance measure, we improved the method which can range in safety warning only using the monocular vision to calculate the distance between the vehicle and the pedestrian who is in front of the car.
Multiple Lattices Model of Traffic Flow with Relative Current
Authors: Peng Guang Han
Published: June 2012

A new lattice model of traffic flow is proposed by considering the information of front multiple sites with relative current. The linear stability condition is obtained by using the linear stability theory. Numerical simulation shows that the proposed model is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
Evaluation Method of Vehicle Sound Quality
Authors: Tan Ze Fei , Tan Gang Ping
Published: June 2012

The study of sound quality which is a newly developed research area has become a hot topic and become to attract increasing attention from academia and industries. The description of sound quality, the technique of subjective and objective evaluation, and the way of improving sound quality inside vehicle are outlined. Based on an extensive discussion over the sound quality issues, the progress in sound quality methodologies and evaluation method are reviewed, and the prospects of the future development are introduced and discussed.
Roll Forging Technology and 3D Finite Element Simulation of Automobile Front Axle
Authors: Li Ru Xiong , Jiao Song Hua
Published: June 2012

According to the characters, technological condition and requirements of automotive front axle forging, the advantage of the roll forging and integral die forging complex process for automobile front axle were explained, including the determination of roll- forging parts chart, selection of billet dimension, decision of roll- forging steps, special roller- shaped design of typical section, and the front sliding parameter is calculated, its effect to length of forging parts gets analyzed. In this paper, taking NHR front axle as an instance, both the process of exact roll- forging billet and die design are studied, as the result, roll- forging die、 performing roll- forging die and final roll-forging die are design respectively. The process for roll forging was simulated by the three dimensional finite element analyses under isothermal condition, and metal flow procedure and force time curve were obtained. The connection among metal flow law and die cavity design and forming load were also analyzed. To verify the reliability of the simulation, the results for profile was compared with the tested forging part, showing that metal flow law of both are coincident and FE simulation of roll forging is accurate. Practice testify that FE simulation of roll forging for front axle can reduce the time of process design and procedure debugging and be helpful to response the market demand.
SWOT Analysis of Operation Strategies of the World’s Top 20 Carriers
Authors: Chou Chien Chang , Yih Jeng Ming , Wong Chun Pong , Chang Hui Tzu , Chen Mei Hua , Chang Hsing Wen , Lai Hung Yeh , Lin Chi Yung
Published: June 2012

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the operation strategies of the world’s top 20 shipping companies by using SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) analysis method. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions are given to shipping companies, port managers, and departments of governmental maritime transportation as references.
Study on Wing Layout Design of Aircraft
Authors: Chen Xiao Jie
Published: June 2012

This paper describes how the wing surfaces are defined by aerodynamic, stability/control, layout and structural requirements. The size of the wing (area) will usually be dictated by aircraft performance requirements(e.g. field length) but the shape of the planform and other geometry may be influenced by wing layout factors. In the early design stages choices need to be made on the position of the wing relative to the fuselage (e.g. high, mid or low position) and then on the overall envelope. This will include selection of aspect ratio, taper ratio, sweepback angle, thickness ratio and section profile, and dihedral. Each of these decisions is explained. A brief introduction on flap design of the aerodynamic (lift and drag) characteristics of flaps are also described, which is added to explain the wing layout of aircraft.
Effects of Meteorological Factors on PM10 Pollution in Yantai Urban Areas
Authors: Song Jian Guo , Chang Ming , Wang Xin Zhi , Liu Wei
Published: June 2012

This paper makes analysis and statistics about the frequency distribution of average temperature, pressure, humidity and wind conditions between moderate pollution days of PM10(API>200) and conventional days from 2008 to 2010 in Yantai. The result shows that the frequency of PM10 pollution which occurred in winter is close to the sum of the other seasons. PM10 pollution days appears easily under such conditions: the average temperature below 10°C, average air pressure is higher than 101.0kPa, relative humidity is less than 70%, or average weed speed of 3-7m/s with the north-south wind.
An Analysis of the Ecological Effectiveness in City Sustainable Development from the View of Scientific Ecological Scale
Authors: Li Lan , Chen Xiao Jian
Published: June 2012

From the ecological point of view, the ecological thinking is necessary in building a harmonious society and urban planning. For the ecological behavior shows the low effectiveness in city planning. Planners should re-recognize their work ethic and establish a new scientific ecological scale view. And it’s suggested that some new layers are established according to the nature of the ecological connotation. They are the ecological compensation and rehabilitation, the use of ecological flows and scientific scale, community and urban competitiveness, and so on, which can fulfill ecological behavior and essential requirement of urban sustainable development.
Effect of Deicing Salts on Urban Soils and the Health of Roadside Pines (Pinus tabulaeformis) in Northeast China
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Fa Yun , Sun Ting Ting , Wang Jin Long
Published: June 2012

Accumulation of high concentrations of Na and Cl ions in soils is one factor that hampers plant establishment along roadsides in regions where deicing salts are used to improve winter driving conditions. However, there is little information on the accumulation of deicing salts in roadside soil as well as on the phytotoxic impact of deicing salts on pines in Northeast China. The accumulation of salt in soil and injuries on pine needles (Pinus tabulaeformis) were investigated in the urban areas of Shenyang city in 2011. The results showed that the use of deicing salts on roads leads to the high accumulation of sodium (352–513 mg•kg-1) and chloride (577–2,353 mg•kg-1) in urban roadside soil. High pH and EC values suggested that the alkaline status and high soluble salts in the soil. High accumulation of deicing salts in roadside soil has been shown to have a phytotoxic effect on pines (Pinus tabulaeformis). Concentrations of Na and Cl in leaves were higher in the roadside plants than the plants appearing healthy in control site. The accumulation of Na and Cl in the needles were present up to an average of 274 mg•kg-1 (24–672 mg•kg-1) and 3,681 mg•kg-1 (786–9,919 mg•kg-1), respectively. It is evident that the deicing salts spray has a significant effect on the accumulation of sodium and chloride in urban roadside soils and needles of Pinus tabulaeformis, as well as the occurrence of visible injuries.
Cold Chain Management Based on the Viewpoint of a Low- Carbon Economy
Authors: Deng Chao Qun , Cheng Guo Ping
Published: June 2012

The development of a low-carbon economy and environment protection has become common concerns from all over the world. At present, factors of the circulation industry covered the conventional facilities, distribution, cold chain development, the capital, management concept expect negative effects on the development of low carbon. This paper focuses on the research of green cold-chain management on the basis of the low-carbon economy, so as to provide some enlightenment of developing scientific and systematic cold chain green management.
A CFD Methodology for Solid and Liquid Flow Fields of Sedimentation Tanks
Authors: Liu Y. L. , Zheng Y. , Zhang P. , Wei W.L.
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the CFD approach is used to study the solid–liquid two-phase turbulent flow and sludge concentration distribution in a secondary sedimentation tank. By the simulation, the velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate and solid distribution in a secondary sedimentation tank are obtained, which shows the simulation model is an effective method to investigate the flow patterns and their influence on the process inside the sedimentation vessel.
Effect of L-cysteine on Continuous Fermentative Hydrogen Production
Authors: Qu Yuan Yuan , Guo Wan Qian , Ding Jie , Ren Nan Qi
Published: June 2012

Two continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) were used to investigate the effect of L-cysteine on continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production system. L-cysteine was added into one of the reactors at 0.1 g/L continuously, the other reactor was without L-cysteine addition. Liquid end products, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH, biomass and hydrogen production rate (HPR) were examined during the operation. The lag time of ethanol generation in the L-cysteine added reactor was shortened to 21 days compared to 25 days in the blank. The HPR increased from 2.73 L/d in the reactor without L-cysteine addition to 2.82 L/d in the added one. The volatile suspended solids (VSS) in the reactor with L-cyateine was 10.1 g/L by the end of the operation compared to 9.2 g/L in the other. Addition of L-cysteine into the hydrogen production system accelerates the formation of ethanol-type fermentation and enhances the hydrogen production by creating an optimal low ORP environment, and by increasing the biomass growth simultaneously.
Investigation of the Submerged Depth of Aeration Impellers in an Oxidation Ditch by Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liu Y. L. , Lv B. , Wei W.L.
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the flow structure of the oxidation ditch was studied using numerical simulation method and different submerged depth of aeration impellers. The computed velocity fields were analyzed, which shows that under the same conditions, and by using the optimal submerged depth the average velocity of the flow in oxidation ditch is increased and the velocity near-bottom has increased significantly. The results of comparisons show that the velocity distribution is more uniform along the depth direction, and that the flow velocity distribution structure can prevent sludge from settling in the oxidation ditch processing system at the submergence ratio called the optimal submergence ratio, which helps to improve the efficiency of oxidation ditch sewage treatment system.
Progress on Vacuum Insulation Panels in Building Application
Authors: Wu Wang Ping , Chen Zhou , Li Cheng Dong , Xu Teng Zhou , Qiu Jin Lian , Chen Zhao Feng , Zhou Yan Qing , Zhou Jie Ming , Cheng Xue Yu
Published: June 2012

The insulation material VIP in building offers a new material for highly insulated constructions with just a fraction of the required insulation thickness compared to conventional thermal insulation materials. A VIP is basically composed of the core material, the barrier film and getters. Core materials of VIP are glass fiber, fumed silica, fiber-powder composite core. The barrier film covered by glass fiber textile is the protection of the envelope against surface damage and fire attack. We introduce the VIP elements, the system of VIPs in building application and external thermal insulation system with VIP.
Removal of the Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Nonylphenol from Water by Activated Carbon
Authors: Wang Xiao Dong , Xiao Yu Feng
Published: June 2012

Nonylphenol(NP) have endocrine disrupting effects and exist generally in drinking water source. Physical properties including surface area, average pore-diameter, and micro-pore volume and chemical structure of the activated carbon was characterized by N2 adsorption experiment and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Pore volume could be the most important for adsorption. The high O content of carbon surface lead a negative effect to absorption capacity and low pH value, low temperature lead a positive effect to adsorption. The effect of humus in water to the removal was also studied and EDCs-humus bi-component adsorption model was established, it was found that there is strong competition between EDCs and humus. Due to the competition adsorption capacity of NP greatly decreased especially when the concentration of NP is very low. The adsorption kinetics test results indicated that the adsorption of NP followed the first-order kinetics and the smaller diameter GAC could increase adsorption velocity.
DGGE Analysis Bacterial Community Structure of Advanced Sludge Reduction Process
Authors: Mu De Wei
Published: June 2012

Bacterial community structure of advanced HA-A/A-MCO sludge reduction process is analyzed by DGGE fingerprinting technology. Research results indicates that microbial flora showed the distinction of highly diversity in anaerobic tank, anoxic tank and MCO tank of the HA-A/A-MCO process, and each tank has its own diversified and stable dominant microorganisms, as so the co-activation of such preponderant bacterial community promotes the system to exert favourable and consistent function of phosphorous and nitrogen removal and sludge reduction.
The Experimental Study of a New Sedimentation Tank
Authors: Tao Hong Fei , Qiu Xiu Yun , Hao Yong Zhi
Published: June 2012

Through the research of close type separation device sedimentation tank (CTSDST) in static water test, it can be seen that change of effluent turbidity with time includes the two stages that turbidity diminishes quickly stage and turbidity decreases slowly stage in the static water precipitation. Meanwhile the results show that the sediment concentration of muddy water has little effect on the change of effluent turbidity with time and the effect of water purification is better than the sedimentation tank of no separation device. Moreover the CTSDST has many features such as energy saving, stable discharging water, small footprint, easy operation and maintenance, etc.
The Study of Operation and Dynamic on the Modified A2 / O Process
Authors: Wang Lin , Ma Xiao Ning
Published: June 2012

Based on recent experimental data in the Guangrao Wastewater Treatment Plant, the performance and dynamics of modified A2 / O process was summarized. The results shows that: the average removal rate of COD is 73.7%, and COD is mainly removed in pre-anoxic pool; the average removal rate of TN is 64.2%, and TN is mainly removed in pre-anoxic and aerobic pool; the average removal rate of TP is 79.48%, and phosphorus release happens in the pre-anoxic pool and phosphorus uptake happens in anoxic and aerobic pools. Based on the material balance and the results, the dynamic equation of degradation for pollutants in each stage is established, and the predicted and actual values are compared, the results show that the dynamic equations are fit for the Guangrao Wastewater Treatment Plant.
Photocatalytic Decolorization Performance of ZnO/SiO2
Authors: Lu Yan , Zhong Jun Bo , Li Jian Zhang , Hu Wei
Published: June 2012

In this paprer, ZnO was loaded on SiO2 by sol-gel method. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS). The paper reveals that the photocatalytic activity of ZnO towards the decomposition of methyl orange can be greatly improved by loading ZnO on the surface of SiO2. 80% SiO2 possesses the best photocatalytic activity among the experimented compositions.
Analysis of Energy Consumption and Energy-Efficient Renovation for the Rural Existing House in Shihezi of Xinjiang
Authors: Su Xiao Lei , Jiang Shu Guang
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the current situation of the house and the features of the climate in Shihezi were introduced. Based on the analysis of energy consumption, a real existing project in rural existing house of Shihezi was taken as an example to carry out the analysis of energy consumption with the software of DeST-h. Furthermore, the economic evaluation was given out. The results indicated that the satisfactory economic benefits of energy-saving retrofit could be achieved with the appropriate energy-saving reform plan.
Study on Anaerobic Simultaneous Denitrification and Methanogenesis Combined with Shortcut Nitrification Process Treating Piggery Wastewater
Authors: Liu Ru , Song Ying Hao , Wang Huan Sheng
Published: June 2012

An expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) was combined with an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process (A2/O) to treat piggery wastewater, in which the EGSB was used as a simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification reactor and the A2/O as an shortcut nitrification reactor. The results showed that: 1) The COD of effluent in anaerobic reactor increased in earlier stage and decreased in later stage with increasing reflux ratios each time, and reached to about 550 mg/L finally. The COD removal efficiencies of the whole process were about 150 mg/L, and almost not affected by different reflux ratios. 2) Simultaneous denitrification and methanogenesis realized successfully after the aerobic effluent recirculated to the anaerobic reactor. The highest nitrite loading reached 1.48 kg/m3.d with constant increase of reflux ratio, while nitrite removal efficiencies were always 100%. 3) Short-cut nitrification was perfored steadily in the whole combined system. When reflux ratios were 50%, 100%, 200%, 300%, respectively, ammonia nitrogen removal efficiencies were all 100%, and total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 52.3%, 53.1%, 68.7%,85.1%, respectively. 4) The first reaction was denitrification when nitrite was recycled to anaerobic reactor, so methane contents were very little in earlier stage with increasing reflux ratios every time, but increased gradually after a period of operation.
A Hybrid System Based on Heat Sink Form with Solar Energy and Ground Source Heat Pump
Authors: Ma Shu Ling , Ding Yan , Shi Xin Li , Zhu Neng
Published: June 2012

According to the features of energy utilization in campus buildings, a hybrid system based on heat sink form with solar energy and ground source heat pump is introduced in this paper. By theoretical calculation and experimental validation for heat transfer effect of the heat sink and economic analysis of fuel cost, it was confirmed that the system could efficiently match solar energy with ground heat. Renewable energy storage was realized and operation cost was saved.
Indoor and Outdoor Air Contaminants Coupling Relationship and Measures of Improving Indoor Air Quality
Authors: Geng Shi Bin , Xiao Ming Xing
Published: June 2012

This article use several different physical models to describe coupling relationship between indoor and outdoor air contaminants ,analysis the principle of the air filter air purification, discuss all the filters’ roles in improving IAQ.