bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise do padrão RDA
Authors: Machado Raquel Bernadete , Pereira Ana Maria
Published: March 2017

O Resource Description and Access (RDA) é a nova diretriz para a catalogação desenvolvida para substituir o Código de Catalogação Anglo-Americano, segunda edição (AACR2), com a finalidade de melhorar a recuperação da informação. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa objetiva analisar como os registros bibliográficos de teses e dissertações das áreas de literatura e cinema serão modificados com os padrões do código RDA. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa aplicada de caráter exploratório e descritivo, e utiliza como método o estudo de caso. Os resultados do estudo apontaram que a descrição bibliográfica apresenta modificações significativas correspondentes ao formato, conteúdo e mídia de um recurso. Com base na análise dos registros e dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o catalogador precisa despender mais atenção, conhecimento e tempo na sua prática, o que sugere a esse profissional a necessidade de educação continuada.
Produção técnico-científica dos bibliotecários do Instituto Federal de São Paulo
Authors: Santos Cintia Almeida da Silva , Pontes Fernanda Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

As bibliotecas e os bibliotecários-documentalistas do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP) têm sido objeto de estudo de pesquisas científicas, porém, ainda não foi realizada nenhuma investigação que levantasse e mapeasse a produção científica desses profissionais. Este estudo objetivou mapear e analisar a produção técnico-científica dos bibliotecários-documentalistas da referida instituição. O percurso metodológico compreendeu a realização de pesquisa teórico-empírica, na qual foi priorizada a abordagem neobibliométrica; nesse sentido, o ferramental da bibliotemetria foi associado à aplicação de questionário aos profissionais da instituição. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria dos profissionais do IFSP: é do gênero feminino; possui qualificação superior à exigida para o desempenho de suas funções; possui alguma publicação técnico-científica; considera importante a elaboração de publicações técnico-científicas, assim como a criação de veículos de comunicação e eventos. Todavia, as autoras sugerem alguns caminhos para o fortalecimento da visibilidade da categoria: incentivo ao aumento das publicações técnico-científicas; incentivo à criação e atualização do currículo lattes; incentivo à realização de publicações em parcerias, visto que alguns profissionais pesquisam temáticas similares; estímulo à participação em eventos e publicações técnico-científicas. As considerações apontam que os bibliotecários-documentalistas do IFSP produzem publicações técnico-científicas, mas poderão produzir mais, visto que tal feito contribui para o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento da categoria, aproxima relações institucionais entre os câmpus, favorece a busca de soluções para os problemas enfrentados pelos profissionais, além de evidenciar seus câmpus e suas bibliotecas no cenário técnico-científico nacional e internacional.
O uso de aplicativos de saúde para dispositivos móveis como fontes de informação e educação em saúde
Authors: Oliveira Ana Rachel Fonseca de , Alencar Maria Simone de Menezes
Published: March 2017

Os aplicativos para dispositivos móveis são novíssimas fontes de informação utilizadas fortemente por indivíduos hiperconectados, a chamada “geração polegar”, que além do uso recreativo recorre a estas tecnologias móveis em um contexto educacional inovando o esquema de ensino-aprendizagem. O artigo propõe que a biblioteca universitária seja utilizada como um espaço de ensino e incentivo ao uso de dispositivos móveis como ferramentas educativas, visto que o uso em massa de tablets e especialmente de smartphones reforçam o conceito de aprendizagem móvel e ampliam suas possíveis funções dentro do espaço físico da biblioteca. Na realidade de uma biblioteca universitária que tem como público-alvo alunos da área de saúde e, principalmente de Medicina, focaremos nos aplicativos de saúde como fontes de informação, comunicação e educação. Dentro deste cenário de inovações tecnológicas que modificam as formas de acesso e uso de informação científica, o bibliotecário deve assumir o papel de mediador e facilitador entre estes avanços tecnológicos e seus usuários em potencial.
The Research on the Measurement of Inefficiency Investment Degree of China's GEM Listed Companies
Authors: Tan Huina
Published: March 2017

October 30, 2009, the GEM officially launched, which was an important step to improve China's capital market system. For the listed companies, investment efficiency is one of the three major investment decisions. Due to the short period of study, the research area is less related to the GEM listed companies.Theoretically, in the perfect market described by Modigliani and Miller, investment decisions are totally determined by investment opportunities, regardless of the impact of other factors. But in the real world of imperfections, agent problems and information asymmetry can lead to inefficient investment. From the point of view of the Principal-agent Theory and the Free Cash Flow hypothesis, the principal-agent conflict between the shareholders and the senior managers leads to the fact that the senior managers maximize their own utility and put the free cash flow into the project whose net present value is not greater than zero. In the information asymmetry theory and financing constraints hypothesis, the information asymmetry between the company and the external investors will make it difficult for external investors to make an accurate valuation of the company. To reduce the loss of the risk, they tend to underestimate the value of the company, so the financing cost of company in the capital market have been raised, and when the internal cash is in the shortage, the senior managers do not want to choose external financing with high cost to meet the investment need, to give up investment in project whose the net present value is larger than zero, resulting in underinvestment.At the level of empirical analysis, this paper chose the financial data and market transaction data of the GEM listed companies from 2010 to 2015 to study. Based on the Expected Investment Model of Richardson (2006), this paper used the generalized difference moment method (GMM) to estimate the expected additional investment, with the amount of investment, resulting in overinvestment and underinvestment. The conclusion is that there are overinvestment behavior and underinvestment behavior of the GEM listed companies in the research period.This paper measured the level of inefficient investment of listed companies on the GEM, so that the micro-subject in the multi-level capital market can clearly define the direction of its own need. In addition, we also hope to provide empirical reference for the policy makers in the formulation of relevant policies to create a good market environment for listed companies.
O planejamento escolar como estrutura fundamental para a construção do conhecimento e a promoção da aprendizagem significativa
Authors: Moro Elisiane Da costa , Scopel Janete Maria , Fornaza Roseli , Prass Sandro George Luciano , Bonatto Uiara
Published: March 2017

O presente artigo aborda a construção do conhecimento e a promoção da aprendizagem significativa através do planejamento de ensino como estrutura fundamental para tal aprendizagem. Vivemos inúmeras situações que envolvem o planejamento de nossas ações como educadores, em um contexto escolar não podemos nos distanciar disto. Procuramos planejar nossas aulas, as atividades de lazer, os compromissos profissionais, sociais e diversas outras atividades que desenvolvemos no decorrer de nosso dia a dia. Desta forma, verificamos que todas as ações humanas requerem um planejamento para que sejam bem executadas e possam alcançar um determinado êxito. O planejamento de ensino é para o professor o norteador das ações que são necessárias para que o processo de ensino e aprendizagem seja significativo e para que sejam atingidos os resultados desejados. O planejamento nas escolas requer uma sistematização de ações interdisciplinares e de forma integrada entre os componentes curriculares de cada área do conhecimento, e também entre as áreas de acordo com os PCN e não simplesmente em componentes curriculares isolados. Inúmeras são as dificuldades encontradas pelos professores na estruturação do planejamento proposto, porém não podemos encará-lo como apenas uma atividade burocrática a ser cumprida.
Lévy–Khintchine Representation of Toader–Qi Mean
Authors: Qi Feng , Guo Bai-Ni
Published: March 2017

In the paper, by virtue of a Lévy–Khintchine representation and an alternative integral representation for the weighted geometric mean, the authors establish a Lévy–Khintchine representation and an alternative integral representation for the Toader–Qi mean. Moreover, the authors also collect an probabilistic interpretation and applications in engineering of the Toader–Qi mean.
High-Performance Prediction of Agonists on Human Estrogen Receptor Based on Chemical Structures
Authors: Asako Yuki , Uesawa Yoshihiro
Published: March 2017

Many agonists for the estrogen receptor are known to disrupt endocrine functioning. We have developed a computational model that predicts agonists for the estrogen receptor ligand-binding domain in an assay system. Our model was entered into the Tox21 Data Challenge 2014, a computational toxicology competition organized by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. This competition aims to find high-performance predictive models for various adverse-outcome pathways, including the estrogen receptor. Our predictive model, which is based on the random forest method, delivered the best performance in its competition category. In the current study, the predictive performance of the random forest models was improved by strictly adjusting the hyperparameters to avoid overfitting. The random forest models were optimized from 4,000 descriptors simultaneously applied to 10,000 activity assay results for the estrogen receptor ligand-binding domain, which have been measured and compiled by Tox21. At this time, our model delivers the highest predictive power on estrogen receptor agonists in the world. Furthermore, analysis of the optimized model revealed some important features of the agonists, such as the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecules.
Automatic Object-Oriented, Spectral-Spatial Feature Extraction Driven by Tobler’s First Law of Geography for Very High Resolution Aerial Imagery Classification
Authors: Lv Zhiyong , Zhang Penglin , Atli Benediktsson Jón
Published: March 2017

Aerial image classification has become popular and has attracted extensive research efforts in recent decades. The main challenge lies in its very high spatial resolution but relatively insufficient spectral information. To this end, spatial-spectral feature extraction is a popular strategy for classification. However, parameter determination for that feature extraction is usually time-consuming and depends excessively on experience. In this paper, an automatic spatial feature extraction approach based on image raster and segmental vector data cross-analysis is proposed for the classification of very high spatial resolution (VHSR) aerial imagery. First, multi-resolution segmentation is used to generate strongly homogeneous image objects and extract corresponding vectors. Then, to automatically explore the region of a ground target, two rules, which are derived from Tobler’s First Law of Geography (TFL) and a topological relationship of vector data, are integrated to constrain the extension of a region around a central object. Third, the shape and size of the extended region are described. A final classification map is achieved through a supervised classifier using shape, size, and spectral features. Experiments on three real aerial images of VHSR (0.1 to 0.32 m) are done to evaluate effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach. Comparisons to state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in VHSR image classification.
SMOS-IC: An alternative SMOS soil moisture and vegetation optical depth product
Authors: Fernandez-Moran Roberto , Al-Yaari Amen , Mialon Arnaud , Mahmoodi Ali , Al Bitar Ahmad , De Lannoy Gabrielle , Lopez-Baeza Ernesto , Kerr Yann , Wigneron Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2017

The main goal of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission over land surfaces is the production of global maps of soil moisture (SM) and vegetation optical depth (τ) based on multi-angular brightness temperature (TB) measurements at L-band. The operational SMOS Level 2 and Level 3 soil moisture algorithms account for different surface effects, such as vegetation opacity and soil roughness at 4 km resolution, in order to produce global retrievals of SM and τ. In this study, we present an alternative SMOS product which was developed by INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) and CESBIO (Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère). This SMOS-INRA-CESBIO (SMOS-IC) product provides daily SM and τ at the global scale and differs from the operational SMOS Level 3 (SMOSL3) product in the treatment of retrievals over heterogeneous pixels. Specifically, SMOS-IC is much simpler and does not account for corrections associated to the antenna pattern and the complex SMOS viewing angle geometry. It considers pixels as homogeneous to avoid uncertainties and errors linked to inconsistent auxiliary data sets which are used to characterize the pixel heterogeneity in the SMOS L3 algorithm. SMOS-IC also differs from the current SMOSL3 product (Version 300, V300) in the values of the effective vegetation scattering albedo (ω) and soil roughness parameters. An inter-comparison is presented in this study based on the use of ECMWF (European Center for Medium range Weather Forecasting) SM outputs and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) from MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). A 6 year (2010-2015) inter-comparison of the SMOS products SMOS-IC and SMOSL3 SM (V300) with ECMWF SM yielded higher correlations and lower ubRMSD (unbiased root mean square difference) for SMOS-IC over most of the pixels. In terms of τ, SMOS-IC τ was found to be better correlated to MODIS NDVI in most regions of the globe, with the exception of the Amazonian basin and of the northern mid-latitudes.
“The Service I Rendered Was Just as True”: African American Soldiers and Veterans as Activist Patients
Authors: Adler Jessica L.
Published: March 2017

In this article, I examine how African American soldiers and veterans experienced and shaped federally sponsored health care during and after World War I. Building on studies of the struggles of Black leaders and health care providers to win professional and public health advancement in the 1920s and 1930s, and of advocates to mobilize for health care rights in the mid-20th century, I focus primarily on the experiences and activism of patients in the interwar years. Private and government correspondence, congressional testimony, and reports from Black newspapers reveal that African American soldiers and veterans communicated directly with policymakers and bureaucrats regarding unequal treatment, assuming roles as “policy actors” who viewed health and medical care as “politics by other means.” In the process, they drew attention to the paradoxes inherent in expanding government entitlements in the era of Jim Crow, and helped shape a veterans’ health system that emerged in the 1920s and remained in place for the following century. They also laid the groundwork for the system’s precedent-setting desegregation, referred to by advocates of the time as “a shining example to the rest of the country.”
Sexual Assault Victimization and Mental Health Treatment, Suicide Attempts, and Career Outcomes Among Women in the US Army
Authors: Rosellini Anthony J. , Street Amy E. , Ursano Robert J. , Chiu Wai Tat , Heeringa Steven G. , Monahan John , Naifeh James A. , Petukhova Maria V. , Reis Ben Y. , Sampson Nancy A. , Bliese Paul D. , Stein Murray B. , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Kessler Ronald C.
Published: March 2017

Objectives. To examine associations of administratively recorded sexual assault victimization during military service with subsequent mental health and negative career outcomes among US Army women controlling for nonrandom victimization exposure.

Methods. We used data from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers to apply propensity score methods to match all 4238 female Regular Army soldiers with administratively recorded sexual assault victimization during 2004 to 2009 to 5 controls per case with similar composite victimization risk. We examined associations of this victimization measure with administratively recorded mental health treatment, suicide attempt, and Army career outcomes over the subsequent 12 months by using survival analysis for dichotomous outcomes and conditional generalized linear models for continuous outcomes.

Results. Women with administratively recorded sexual assault had significantly elevated odds ratios (ORs) of subsequent mental health treatment (any, OR = 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.4, 2.6; specialty, OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 2.9, 3.3; inpatient, OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 2.5, 3.1), posttraumatic stress disorder treatment (any, OR = 6.3; 95% CI = 5.7, 6.9; specialty, OR = 7.7; 95% CI = 6.8, 8.6; inpatient, OR = 6.8; 95% CI = 5.4, 8.6), suicide attempt (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 2.5, 3.6), demotion (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.9, 2.3), and attrition (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.1, 1.2).

Conclusions. Sexual assault victimization is associated with considerable suffering and likely decreased force readiness.
Multiattribute Decision Making Method Based on Intuitionistic Linguistic Aggregation Operator
Authors: Chen Jing , Wang Zhongxing
Published: March 2017

In this paper, some new operational laws for intuitionistic linguistic numbers are defined via Archimedean t-norm and s-norm. The prominent feature of these operations is that these operations are closed. Some main properties of these operations, like commutativity, associativity and distribution law, are investigated. Based on these operational laws, intuitionistic linguistic weighted arithmetic averaging operator is given to aggregate intuitionistic linguistic information. Furthermore, in order to reduce uncertain information of intuitionistic linguistic number, hesitancy degree is divided into degrees of membership and non-membership in proportions, and new expected function and score function are built and used to rank intuitionistic linguistic numbers. Finally, an approach is proposed to solve multiattribute decision making problems in which attribute weights are real numbers and attribute values are intuitionistic linguistic numbers, and a real example is provided to show the effectiveness and applicability of the new method.
STORY OF CINDERELLA AND TAJIK-PERSIAN NARRATIVE OF YUSUF AND ZULAIKHA: RE-INTERPRETING THE “DEEP STRUCTURES” WITH REFERENCE TO CURRENT SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Authors: Serenkov Yu. S. , Radzhabova Yu. M.
Published: March 2017

“Rags to riches” as an invariant “deep” structure of many stories about restored dignity and status has been in universal literary use since the eminent version of “Cinderella” in the Grimm brothers’ collection of fairy-tales. So has the “deep” structure of an individual’s moral evolution towards god, as made explicit by many narratives taking after the Quran story of Yusuf. After morphological dissection of Cinderella and Jami’s Yusuf and Zulaikha stories (performed with V. Propp’s original scheme in view) we discovered certain similarities between the respective underlying structures despite the stories’ apparent difference. Taking into consideration a number of later adoptions of Cinderella and Yusuf / Zulaikha plots, the authors put forward a hypothesis about culture-and-society determined reciprocal rapprochement and transformation of interpretation dominants in more recent narratives of the respective traditions. At that, “spiritual growth towards god” stories acquire certain features of the society-bound “rag to riches” progression and, vice versa, “rags to riches” narratives become increasingly suggestive of god’s favour as the highest value. If duly supported by scientific evidence, the hypothesis could assist in further study of causes and outcomes of an on-going “orientalization” of western culture and westernization of that of the Orient.
MAIN PRINCIPLES OF SEMANTIC ANALYSIS IN LINGUOCRIMINALISTIC TEXT EXAMINATION
Authors: Sternin I. A.
Published: March 2017

Now it is possible to speak about a number of basic principles of the description of semantics of language units during expert research of the disputable text which should underlie any expert linguistic research. The major of them, relevant for expert estimation of semantics of a word in disputable text, are the following: 1. The account of polysemy of words and expressions. 2. The account of context of the use of a disputable word or expression. 3. The account of situation of the use of a disputable word or expression. 4. The account of real language consciousness of the ordinary native speaker. The article features the substantiation of each of these principles and presents examples of realization of each of the principles in the practical analysis of the text.
PROPOSITIONALITY AND FACTIVITY EXPRESSED BY CONJUNCTIONS DA, ŠTO AND ČE IN SERBIAN AND BULGARIAN FROM THE SUBJUNCTIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Janić A. A.
Published: March 2017

The subject of this paper is the semantic and syntactic nature of Serbian complementizers da and što, as well as Bulgarian da and če, and the relation among all of them in the light of (non-)specificity for factivity and propositionality. They have been analyzed in various syntactic contexts and have also been related to the possible world semantics, as well as to the subjunctive semantics. Stemming from the relation propositional-factive, it is concluded that da-complements in Bulgarian can just be connected to a strong subjunctivity. On the other hand, with dacomplements in Serbian both the strong and the weak subjunctive are expressed. Considering all of the above, it is clear that the usage of da is broader in Serbian than in Bulgarian, and that da marks the subjunctive context in both languages. After comparing these four complementizers, we can conclude that the Bulgarian da is stronger than the Serbian da, and that the Serbian što is stronger than the Bulgarian če. In other words, the Serbian da (it can be propositional or factive) and Bulgarian če (propositional or factive) are non-specified complementizers, contrary to the Bulgarian da (propositional) and Serbian što (mainly factive, compared to sentences with da), which are specified.
THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE BATTLE OF NORTHAMPTON ON JULY 10, 1460 AND THE SIEGE OF LONDON TOWER
Authors: Prazdnikov A. G.
Published: March 2017

The social history of the Wars of the Roses is still relevant, as the extent of its social influence remains a matter of debate. Determination of the personal composition of participants of the most important events of the conflict will help in solving this problem. A prosopography method provides the good opportunity to determine the involvement of representatives of different social strata. The study subject is a group of 49 people who took part in the battle of Northampton and the siege of London Tower in 1460, on the side of both Lancaster and York. The greatest part of them was lords, which is connected with the nature of the sources: chronicles is usually mentioned only the names of the commanders. At the same time, the main peculiarity of the battle was the presence of a large number of Church prelates. The reason for this was the support of the Yorkists by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Bourchier, and the papal legate Francesco Coppini. There are only nine names of the knights who participated in the battle and the siege in the chronicles, although the representatives of the gentry were middle and lower officers. The research has shown that family and personal connections played a decisive role in the choice of the parties to the conflict. The majority of the participants, their brothers and sons, as a rule, remained faithful to one particular dynasty, which does not allow one to estimate the age of the Wars of the Roses as the time of breaking the traditional system of relations.
DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPLEX GENOTYPING METHODOF POLYMORPHIC MARKERS FOR GENES INVOLVED IN HUMAN ADAPTATION TO COLD CLIMATE
Authors: Stepanov Vadim , Stepanov Vadim , Vagajceva Ksenia , Vagajceva Ksenia , Bocharova Anna , Bocharova Anna , Khar’kov Vladimir , Khar’kov Vladimir
Published: March 2017

Dispersal of the human population out of the place of origin in East Africa over the globe proceeded rapidly (on the evolutionary scale) and was associated with change of climatic zones and associated changes in habitat parameters - temperature, humidity, insolation, and infectious load. The aim of the study is to develop a method for genotyping of genetic markers associated with adaptation to climate according to the literature data and functional analysis of genes; and identification of signals of adaptation to cold climate in two indigenous Siberian populations. In the course of study, genes and genetic markers were selected, which show reliable signals of natural selection in populations living in cold arctic and subarctic climates in previously published papers and which are involved in biological processes having a cold adaptation potential. A panel of 28 single nucleotide markers (SNP) was selected, and a method of their multiplex genotyping was developed based on multiplex PCR and separating DNA fragments by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Allele frequencies of 28 SNPs in two indigenous Siberian populations (Yakuts and Kets) were determined. A low level of intrapopulation diversity in these populations and significant genetic differences between them were found. Loci under natural selection conditions were detected by analyzing the distribution of the observed Fst values in comparison with the expected distribution, obtained in the simulation calculations based on the hierarchical island model of population structure. The possible role of selection (p<0.1) in differentiation of populations between allele frequencies was determined for 2 markers - rs133036 in MKL1 gene and rs2305508 in CPT1A gene, which are candidate in terms of climate change adaptation.
Telomeraza jako potencjalny cel terapii nowotworów głowy i szyi
Authors: Dylawerska Agata , Barczak Wojciech , Suchorska Wiktoria Maria
Published: March 2017

Telomeraza to duży, złożony kompleks enzymatyczny, który odpowiada za proces syntezy telomerów budujących zakończenia eukariotycznych chromosomów. Podwyższona ekspresja genu kodującego katalityczną podjednostkę tego enzymu – hTERT – jest obserwowana w około 88% przypadków nowotworów rejonu głowy i szyi. Komórki rakowe zyskują wówczas wysoki potencjał replikacyjny, a także zdolność do unikania apoptozy. Zahamowanie aktywności telomerazy w terapii przeciwnowotworowej stało się priorytetem badań naukowych już kilkanaście lat temu. Istnieją różne metody wykorzystujące obniżenie ekspresji telomerazy, od terapii genowej do wykorzystania przeciwutleniaczy. Pomimo wielu danych zebranych w ostatnich latach pojawia się coraz więcej pytań w odniesieniu do roli telomerazy w powstawaniu raka. Należy przeprowadzić więcej szczegółowych badań w celu zrozumienia udziału tego enzymu w procesie rozwoju nowotworu w obrębie narządów głowy i szyi. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zebranie dotychczasowej wiedzy na temat zastosowania telomerazy w terapii onkologicznej.
Natural vs. anthropogenic effects in the composition of dissolved inorganic carbon in a boreal river with a seasonal base flow component
Authors: Niinikoski Paula I. A. , Karhu Juha A.
Published: March 2017

Studying the carbon balance in surface waters gives information on the annual cycles of photosynthesis and respiration. It also provides insight on the water body's capability to serve as a source or sink for atmospheric CO2, which may be essential in evaluating the effects of climate change. The target of this study was the Vantaanjoki River known to have a significant base flow component, located in a densely populated area in southern Finland. The aims of this study were firstly to study if human induced changes are evident in the inorganic carbon quality of the river, and secondly to determine whether the river releases carbon to the atmosphere. These aims were achieved by studying the isotopic composition and contents of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in relation to river discharge. It was evident from the results that the human activities only have mild local and temporal effects on the quality of the DIC in the river. The most important contributors to the changes in the carbon balance are the annual changes in the proportion of the base flow and surface flow components and the escape of CO2 to the atmosphere.
Ecology and population studies of land slug, laevicaulis alte in shahada region
Authors: Bhavare M.K , Magare S.R
Published: March 2017

The land slug, Laevicaulis alteis very commonly found in and around shahada tehsils. These are hermaphrodite and reproduce by cross fertilization. The annual reproductive cycle passes through three phases. The pre-reproductive phase is the preparatory phase in which accumulation of various nutritive molecules occurs.The preparatory phase occurs before onset of monsoon. The monsoon is the breeding phase in which availability of water and moisture in the environment influences the breeding activities.They lay about 22-26 eggs in a chain of mucus like jelly found in   humus or under any substratum and decaying leaves in and around moist area. Slugs in Dongargaon (Site-A) and Manarad (Site-B) habitat were observed in Shahada city area.The population correlation studies between alkaline nature (pH) of soil and number of slugs in Site-A is r²=0.13 and in Site-B isr²= 0.61.The rainfall in the season is the prime factor that might causes fluctuations in the breeding activities. The population and breeding behaviour of Laevicaulis alteis studiedin shahada area. In present work the correlation of ecological changes and breeding cycle of a land slug Laevicaulis alteis studied during June 2015 to March 2016.
Effect of Uric Acid Lowering on Renin-Angiotensin-System Activation and Ambulatory BP: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: McMullan Ciaran J. , Borgi Lea , Fisher Naomi , Curhan Gary , Forman John
Published: March 2017

Background and objectives

Higher serum uric acid levels, even within the reference range, are strongly associated with increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and risk of incident hypertension. However, the effect of lowering serum uric acid on RAS activity in humans is unknown, although the data that lowering serum uric acid can reduce BP are conflicting.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial conducted from 2011 to 2015, we randomly assigned 149 overweight or obese adults with serum uric acid ≥5.0 mg/dl to uric acid lowering with either probenecid or allopurinol, or to placebo. The primary endpoints were kidney-specific and systemic RAS activity. Secondary endpoints included mean 24-hour systolic BP, mean awake and asleep BP, and nocturnal dipping.

Results

Allopurinol and probenecid markedly lowered serum uric acid after 4 and 8 weeks compared with placebo (mean serum uric acid in allopurinol, probenecid, and placebo at 8 weeks was 2.9, 3.5, and 5.6 mg/dl, respectively). The change in kidney-specific RAS activity, measured as change in the median (interquartile range) renal plasma flow response to captopril (in ml/min per 1.73 m2) from baseline to 8 weeks, was −4 (−25 to 32) in the probenecid group (P=0.83), −4 (−16 to 9) in the allopurinol group (P=0.32), and 1 (−21 to 17) in the placebo group (P=0.96), with no significant treatment effect (P=0.77). Similarly, plasma renin activity and plasma angiotensin II levels did not significantly change with treatment. The change in mean (±SD) 24-hour systolic BPs from baseline to 8 weeks was −1.6±10.1 with probenecid (P=0.43), −0.4±6.1 with allopurinol (P=0.76), and 0.5±6.0 with placebo (P=0.65); there was no significant treatment effect (P=0.58). Adverse events occurred in 9%, 12%, and 2% of those given probenecid, allopurinol, or placebo, respectively.

Conclusions

In contrast to animal experiments and observational studies, this randomized, placebo-controlled trial found that uric acid lowering had no effect on kidney-specific or systemic RAS activity after 8 weeks or on mean systolic BP. These data do not support the hypothesis that higher levels of uric acid are a reversible risk factor for increased BP.
An Open Access Approach to Scientific Information Management at the Agricultural Research Corporation
Authors: Bertin Patrícia Rocha Bello , Leite Fernando César Lima , Vacari Isaque , Simão Victor Paulo Marques , Visoli Marcos Cezar
Published: March 2017

Abstract: This article presents the experience of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) – a large state-owned company that plays an important global role in research, development, and innovation for tropical agriculture – in the planning and implementation of Open Access to scientific information in the context of a developing country. The aim of this initiative is to provide the necessary mechanisms to capture, store, organize, preserve, retrieve, and widely disseminate the scientific information produced by Embrapa and by agricultural research communities. This report concludes with a discussion of the obstacles encountered and the organizational features, cultural considerations, and political matters that facilitate open access implementation at Embrapa.
OJS as a Tool for Information Technology Integration and Cultural Change: A Case Study in Colombia
Authors: López López Wilson , Silva Luis Manuel
Published: March 2017

This article describes the implementation of an OJS-based editorial process for a leading Colombian Psychology Journal, Universitas Psychologica, and its integration with a custom-made front-end.  It also describes the attempt of making a cultural change in the submission, reviewing and editing processes, within the open access tradition.
A Survey of Scholarly Journals Using Open Journal Systems
Authors: Edgar Brian D , Willinsky John
Published: March 2017

A survey of 998 scholarly journals that use Open Journal Systems (OJS), an open source journal software platform, captures the characteristics of an emerging class of scholar-publisher open access journals. The journals in the sample follow traditional norms for peer-reviewing, acceptance rates, and disciplinary focus, but as a group are distinguished by the number that offer open access to their content, growth rates in new titles, participation rates from developing countries, and extremely low operating budgets. The survey also documents the limited degree to which open source software can alter a field of communication, for OJS appears to have created a third path, dedicated to maximizing access to research and scholarship, as an alternative to traditional scholarly society and commercial publishing routes.
The Google Books Settlement: A Private Contract in the Absence of Adequate Copyright Law
Authors: Newman Jenna
Published: March 2017

Internet search giant Google Inc. began digitizing library collections in 2004, confident that scanning and indexing books to display excerpts based on users’ search queries were fair uses under U.S. copyright law. Authors and publishers disagreed, and in 2005 representatives filed class action copyright infringement complaints. Rather than litigate, the parties negotiated a settlement that would not only allow Google’s original uses but license Google to use, and sell online, millions of books published before January 5, 2009. This report uses the experience of Canadian scholarly publisher the University of British Columbia Press to illuminate the November 13, 2009, proposed amended settlement agreement’s technical details, and it examines the settlement’s economic and cultural costs and benefits and its implications for digital publishing, public access, and copyright law in a rapidly developing digital market. Whatever this settlement’s outcome, its proposal underlines the need for meaningful, legislative copyright reform capable of encompassing present technological realities.
Drilling for Papers in INKE
Authors: Ruecker Stan
Published: March 2017

In this article, we discuss the first year research plan for the INKE interface design team, which focuses on a prototype for chaining. Interpretable as a subclass of Unsworth’s scholarly primitive of “discovering”, “chaining” is the process of beginning with an exemplary article, then finding the articles that it cites, the articles they cite, and so on until the reader begins to get a feel for the terrain. The chaining strategy is of particular utility for scholars working in new areas, either through doing background work for interdisciplinary interests or else by pursuing a subtopic in a domain that generates a paper storm of publications every year. In our prototype project, we plan to produce a system that accepts a seed article, tunnels through a number of levels of citation, and generates a summary report listing the most frequent authors and articles. One of the innovative features of this prototype is its use of the experimental “oil and water” interface effect, which uses text animation to provide the user with a sense of the underlying process.
Selected Information Management Resources for Implementing New Knowledge Environments: An Annotated Bibliography
Authors: Garnett Alex , Siemens Ray , Leitch Cara , Melone Julie
Published: March 2017

This annotated bibliography reviews scholarly work in the area of building and analyzing digital document collections with the aim of establishing a baseline of knowledge for work in the field of digital humanities. The bibliography is organized around three main topics: data stores, text corpora, and analytical facilitators. Each of these is then further divided into sub-topics to provide a broad snapshot of modern information management techniques for building and analyzing digital documents collections.
Tradition and Transparency: Why Book Design Still Matters in the Digital Age
Authors: Bath Jon
Published: March 2017

Designing for the Internet can be a wonderfully enlivening experience for the graphic designer. But it can be an equally frustrating experience for typographers, as their control over typeface, word spacing, justification, and the other myriad details that define a well-crafted printed page is reduced to the most rudimentary choices. This article will examine this apparent disjuncture by first briefly outlining the historical separation between the trades of graphic designer and typographer and then discussing some of the advantages of having the designers of electronic interfaces become familiar with book typography traditions and of having electronic reading interfaces support basic typographic practices.
New Theories and Methods for Screen-Centred Interfaces: A Pilot Study
Authors: Howell Sonia
Published: March 2017

Driven by the debate between “specialist” and “generalist” methods of analysis in the study of world literature, we embarked upon a case study consisting of a textual analysis of the dialogical relationship between patient and therapist in “factional” Irish and English novels. By appropriately encoding text passages and using suitable visualization techniques, we aspired to provide a methodology that could be utilized at both national and international levels of study. This paper will argue that both the findings generated by the software developed, and those discovered through the development process, serve to visibly enhance both traditional textual scholarship and work in the field of Digital Humanities.
Sound, Ink, Bytes: Geographical Information through the Centuries
Authors: Eide Øyvind
Published: March 2017

This article is based on research carried out as part of the author’s PhD studies at the Department of Digital Humanities, King’s College, London, and is concerned with the processes of creating and changing texts through different mediums. This article takes the Schnitler protocols, a study commissioned by the Danish government on Norwegian-Swedish/Finish border relations, as an example through which to examine the relationship between different documents, oral, written, print, and digital, and the stylistic and content changes that were likely introduced through each of the transformations from one medium to another.
The Text and the Line of Action: Re-conceiving Watching the Script
Authors: Roberts-Smith Jennifer
Published: March 2017

This article discusses the creation of various prototypes of Watching the Script, a reading tool designed to enhance users’ interactions with theatrical texts by providing three key tools: a panel with an overview of the entire document; a reading view that shows the text in readable scale; and a stage view that shows text as speeches and associates them with coloured dots representing characters. The latter feature liberates speeches from their typographical sequence and associates them with mobile character dots, thus focusing the user’s attention of smaller units of text and the relationship between the text and the speaker.
Wikisource and the Scholarly Book
Authors: Vandendorpe Christian
Published: March 2017

Wikisource, a project of the Wikimedia foundation, is a growing online library aiming to provide well-edited texts thanks to an army of volunteers. In this paper, I try to assess the strengths of this project as well as its shortcomings and I make some suggestions that, if adopted, would make Wikisource the ultimate platform for reading and editing scholarly books.
Digital Archiving Printing Blocks and Establishing Woodblock Bibliography
Authors: Kaneko Takaaki
Published: March 2017

A great number of printed books were published in Japan after the establishment of commercial publishing in the Edo period (1603–1867). Even though it is well-known that most of the books were printed by means of woodblocks, these printing blocks have not been studied in detail because they are difficult to access and physically handle. However, digitization of the printing blocks revolutionizes research and also facilitates information sharing. This article will present a new method of digitizing printing blocks and archiving them in an online image database. The article will also draw attention to what kind of information we can retrieve from the blocks, especially circumstances of publishing that conventional bibliographies based on the printed books cannot reveal.
Electronic Environments for Reading: An Annotated Bibliography of Pertinent Hardware and Software (2011)
Authors: Koolen Corina , Siemens Ray , Garnett Alex
Published: March 2017

In the development of new research environments, hardware has often been neglected. E-readers have (reasonably) successfully been developed for leisurely reading, but reading with the goal of writing demands a different approach. This bibliography has been written to inform the INKE research group on physical aspects of digital scholarly reading. It consists of two parts: a hardware section, including a description of commercial e-readers as well as an overview of academically developed digital reading devices and a software section, also including commercially available packages next to academically developed reading environments which allow for flexible manipulation of text and other modalities; as well as reflections on digital scholarly reading. Combined, the two sections inform an integrated approach in the development of new research environments.
Firing on all cylinders: Progress and Transition in INKE’s Year 2
Authors: Siemens Lynne
Published: March 2017

Use of project teams is increasing; however little is known about collaboration as it actually occurs over project’s life. This paper explores nature of collaboration within Implementing New Knowledge Environments (INKE) after two years of funded research.  The second year is characterized by forward research progress, positive relationships, and transitions and challenges related to human resources, team restructuring and partner institutional policies.  INKE is drawing upon structures and processes, including in-person meetings, multiple communication channels and evolving governance documents to support the collaboration.  The paper concludes with recommendations for similar long term, large-scale project team.
Organized Access to the Ibero-American Quality Journals: The PPL Experience
Authors: Cetto Ana Maria , Alonso-Gamboa José Octavio , Córdoba González Saray , Giménez-Toledo Elea , Chávez Sánchez Guillermo
Published: March 2017

Abstract: Latindex has created a portal of portals (PPL) aimed at providing free and open organized access to the literature published in Ibero-American scholarly journals. A report on the initial experience with the PPL is presented, with a critical overview of the main features and shortcomings found in the harvesting process. Our findings raise the need for additional information sources in Ibero-America and for the portals to adopt and adhere to technical and editorial standards. Further, the coverage of journals by different systems providing quality indicators is analyzed, based on case studies of journals produced in two countries with different degrees of development. This analysis highlights the relevant role that PPL can play in support of Ibero-American journals and as a tool in evaluation processes.Résumé : Latindex a créé un portail de portails (PPL) destiné à fournir un accès organisé libre et ouvert à la littérature publiée dans les journaux scientifiques ibéro-américains. On présente un rapport sur l'expérience initiale, avec une revue critique des caractéristiques principales et des problèmes rencontrés durant la récolte. On montre la nécessité de sources d'information additionnelles dans la région et que les portails adoptent et suivent des normes techniques et éditoriales. De plus, sur la base d'études de cas dans deux pays de degrés de développement différents, on analyse le traitement de journaux par des systèmes fournissant des indices de qualité. Cette analyse met en évidence le rôle que le PPL peut jouer en plus comme appui des journaux ibéro-américains et comme outil de processus d'évaluation.
A Field Note Describing the Development and Dissemination of Clear Language Research Summaries for University-Based Knowledge Mobilization
Authors: Phipps David , Jensen Krista , Johnny Michael , Myers Gary
Published: March 2017

This field note places research summaries in the context of the knowledge mobilization literature and then describes the development, evaluation and dissemination of clear language research summaries as tools for research outreach, research communication and knowledge mobilization. The ResearchSnapshot clear language research summary format was developed with input from a Steering Committee comprised of academic and non-academic members. The research summary format was tested in roundtables of diverse research stakeholders and received positive feedback. The research summaries were then made accessible online and disseminated using a social media strategy. The use of twitter to enhance dissemination of the research summaries increased web traffic to the research summary database by 270%. This field note concludes with clear recommendations for individuals and organizations interested in developing their own clear language research summaries.