Compaction Method's Influence on Mechanical and Physical Properties Porous Concrete
Authors: Budi Gatot Setya , Sutandar Erwin , Prasetijo Joewono 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the compaction method used can affect the compressive strength and the number of apertures in porous concrete. In this case, researchers are obligated to examine the influence of compaction methods on the mechanical and physical properties of porous concrete.
 
Theoretical reference: The compressive strength of porous concrete is between 2.8 MPa and 28 MPa, and the volume of cavity fill is between 15% and 35%, as per the ACI 522R-10 Report on Pervious Concrete.. Determining the intended void content in relation to the anticipated compressive strength is therefore necessary. The void content decreases as the compressive strength increases. In accordance with the explanation, the size of coarse aggregate and compaction determine the quantity of vacant space and compressive strength of porous concrete. Use of the concrete compaction technique is one of the phases in the concrete casting process. After the concrete has been cast, this procedure affects its structural integrity and the quantity of vacant space it contains. In this investigation, the compaction procedure involved the perforation of the third and final layers, as well as the application of vibration using a vibrating instrument. The graph that illustrates the impact of void content and paste content is used to classify the compaction techniques used in accordance with the ACI 522R-10 Report on Pervious Concrete Report. In order to achieve effective compaction, vibration is employed, while light compaction entails compacting concrete with three perforated layers and one final layer that is pierced. The optimal size of coarse aggregate and compaction are crucial factors to consider when producing porous concrete mixtures in order to achieve the desirable composition, which is frequently used in construction. This will increase the compressive strength and porosity of porous concrete.
 
Method and material: The material used in the production of concrete, which included cement, was 0.5/0.5 cm coarse aggregate, PDAM water with a pH of 6-7, and the weight-to-composite ratio was 0.26. Cylindrical specimens measuring 15 x 30 cm were secured from pipelines to ascertain their permeability. Approximately 24 MPa compressive strength was the objective of the mix design, which comprised the research population. Additional components of the mix formulation were an impurity level of 15% and a cement-water ratio (w/c) of 0.26. The concrete was produced with a compacted variation by lightly compacting the final stratum (B2), lightly compacting the three layers (B1), and well compacting the process of pouring and subsequently situating a new board that is compacted by vibration (B3) of the concrete. The initial phase of the research involved the development of a method for the analysis of porous concrete mix materials, which was used to determine the characteristics of the materials used in the creation of mix designs, such as water, coarse aggregate, and cement. Following the materials' analysis, the void content is determined, the porous concrete mix design is designed, the porous concrete mix is manufactured, the porous concrete is treated, and the porous concrete is tested for volume weight, compressive strength, porosity, and permeability.
 
Results and Conclusion: In accordance with ACI 522R-10, a porous concrete mix design is developed by employing a diverse array of compaction methods after the data from these materials is acquired. We will evaluate the compressive strength, porosity, volume weight, and void content of the porous concrete that emerges. As per the analysis, the compaction method that entails the perforation of three layers (B1) yields the highest vacuum content, compressive strength of 21.043 MPa, volume weight of 1,890.674 kg/m3, permeability of 0.597 cm/s, and porosity of 16.232%.
 
Implications of research:  The method of piercing three times is recommended for the making of porous concrete.
 
Originality/value: Based on research conducted at the Faculty of Engineering, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, the objective is to ascertain the physical and mechanical properties of porous concrete using the compaction method. The objective is to facilitate the production of porous concrete in accordance with the specifications outlined in ACI 522R-10.