bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KRIZNI MENADŽMENT U LABORATORIJSKOJ DIJAGNOSTICI
Authors: Smajić Emina , Pašić Aleksandra
Published: May 2024

Uvod: Upravljanje medicinskim laboratorijem ima mnogo izazova kako u stručnim tako i u upravljačkim pitanjima. Prilikom kreiranja zdravstvene politike Europske unije velika pažnja se posvećuje sigurnosti pacijenta tokom pružanja zdravstvene zaštite. Svjedoci smo da je pojava pandemije Covid-19 jedna od najtežih kriznih situacija s negativnim utjecajem na život u svim zemljama svijeta. Zdravstvena kriza često zahtijeva uspostavljanje ravnoteže između zdravstvene zaštite i oskudnih resursa, gdje se najvažnije ogleda rukovodstvo menadžmenta. Cilj istraživanja je ukazati na značaj kriznog menadžmenta u medicinskim laboratorijama i prikazati najčešće korištene strategije.
Materijal i metode istraživanja: Autori su napravili strukturiranu analizu relevantnih informacija predstavljenih u radovima naučnih časopisa i konferencija, službenim izvješćima organizacija koje imaju ulogu u upravljanju zdravstvenim krizama. Specifične ključne riječi ili fraze korištene za upite spomenutih izvora uključuju: zdravstveni menadžment, zdravstvena zaštita, zdravstvena kriza, Covid-19.
Rezultati: Voditelji laboratorija moraju posjedovati znanje o međuovisnosti kriza samog zdravstvenog sistema, kriza unutar određene zdravstvene organizacije i krize koja se dešava u društvu (panedmija) gdje se očekuje da zdravstveni sistem odgovori učinkovito sa svim raspoloživim kapacitetima. Pandemija COVID-a bacila je u središte pažnje laboratorijsku medicinu, pokazujući koliko je zapravo laboratorijska dijagnostika značajna u kriznim situacijama. Stoga, načela upravljanja rizikom treba smatrati sastavnim dijelovima laboratorija u osiguravanju kvalitete i sigurnosti. Ključni elementi za učinkovit krizni menadžment koji podrazumijeva visokokvalitetnu zdravstvenu zaštitu i dobro opremljeno medicinsko laboratorijsko osoblje, zahtijeva od voditelja laboratorija da se usredotoče na strateško planiranje, komunikaciju i brzo djelovanje.
Zaključak: Uspješno upravljanje krizama u medicinskim laboratorijama mora uključivati vještine iz različitih područja stručnosti i znanja, čineći složen fenomen za planiranje i provedbu akcija. Dobra organizacija je ključna kako bi se donijele odluke koje će smanjiti uticaj nastale krize u različitim dimenzijama.
Binding Nature of Clarifications from the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
Authors: Rarog A. I.
Published: May 2024

The paper is devoted to the question of whether the clarifications of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation have binding force. According to the author, the obligatory conditions for their binding nature are relevance, consistency and theoretical impeccability. The paper provides examples of clarifications that have lost relevance due to changes in the criminal law, as well as clarifications that do not comply with the letter of the law (for example, on the classification of violent crimes and threats of violence against other persons during rape). The inconsistency of the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is seen in the assessment of the use of defective, fake or toy weapons, on the one hand, in banditry and robbery, and on the other hand, in hooliganism, as well as in the assessment of the helpless state of the victim of murder and rape. The position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the subject of violation of labor protection rules, in the author’s opinion, does not correspond to the position of the legislator on the same issue. The clarification as to the qualification of giving and receiving a bribe in a significant, large or especially large amount as a completed crime according to the intent, if there were several stages planned for the transfer of such, but the crime was interrupted before it was finalized, seems inconsistent with the law and the doctrine of criminal law. Violation of the requirements of relevance, consistency and theoretical impeccability is incompatible with the binding clarifications of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.
Referendum as one of the Forms of Realizing the Right of Peoples to Self-Determination
Authors: Stepanyuk D. Yu.
Published: May 2024

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the approaches of various states and international consultative and advisory bodies to holding referendums on the self-determination of the people. It has been revealed that the right to self-determination can be based not only on ethnicity, but also on other characteristics, including common historical heritage, ethnic unity and language of communication. With regard to self-determination in the form of secession, the importance of establishing the boundaries of secession is noted, historical examples of referendums in various parts of the world and their consequences are examined. There are five historically established features that can be considered as a reflection of the legitimacy of the ongoing referendum on self-determination: connection with historical background, defining the boundaries of the referendum, ensuring fundamental democratic rights, establishing a legal framework and limiting external interference or pressure on referendum participants. These elements together create the conditions for obtaining legitimate results of the referendum and its subsequent meaning from the point of view of law.
Evaluación comparativa de perfiles de disolución del medicamento genérico lamivudina tableta 150 mg comercializado en Perú frente al innovador Epivir
Authors: Castañeda-Alarcón Malena , García-Montoya Encarna , Rodríguez-Calzado Javier , Flores-Rodríguez María , Grande-Ortíz Miguel , Moreno-Exebio Luis
Published: May 2024

Lamivudine is one of the most prescribed drugs in the world, and is used to treat human immunodeficiency and hepatitis B. This study aimed to evaluate the quality attributes and compare the dissolution profiles of two batches (A and B) of generic lamivudine 150 mg tablets with the innovator drug Epivir 150 mg tablets. We conducted an analytical, experimental, cross-sectional study, and used a spectrophotometric method at a wavelength of maximum absorption (λ) corresponding to 270 nm, to measure the percentage of dissolved drug. The study evaluated identification, content, dissolution and mass uniformity. Apparatus 2 USP (Paddle) 75 rpm, 900 mL of dissolution medium (37 ± 0.5 °C) was used in three dissolution media: pH 1.2; 4.5 and 6.8. Samples of 5 mL were obtained at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min. Both batches of generic lamivudine (A and B)  were found to have the same dissolution kinetic profile as the innovator drug. Both formulations met the criteria of very fast dissolving (85% dissolved in 15 min), and fast dissolving (85% dissolved in 30 min) drugs. Therefore, it was not necessary to calculate the similarity factor. We concluded that generic drugs A and B are in vitro equivalents to the innovator drug Epivir.
Aplikasi Emulsi (O/W) Berbagai Konsentrasi Minyak Kelapa Sawit sebagai Edible Coating pada Buah Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Mutia Reiza , Rifqah Rahil Ade , Antika Via Afriani
Published: May 2024

Palm oil in the form of oil in water (o/w) emulsion could be used as edible coating to extend the shelf life of agricultural commodities. The objectives of this research were to study the effect of edible coating in the form of oil in water emulsion (o/w) from various palm oil concentrations on tomato’s quality and to find the best concentration. This research used Block Randomized Design with a treatment of palm oil concentration, including: P1 (control), P2 (1%), P3 (5%), P4 (25%) and P5 (30%). Observed parameters were weight loss (%), hardness value (mm/10 seconds), total dissolved solid value (°Brix) and damage intensity (%). Edible coating from palm oil emulsion could maintain the quality of tomato up to a concentration of 25%. The P3 emulsion was the best treatment because it resulted low percentage of weight loss (22.03%); highest value of hardness (2.42 mm/10 sec); highest value of total dissolved solids (3.33°Brix), and lowest percentage of damage intensity (1.83%) during 24 days storage time. Overall, the application of edible coating in the form of palm oil emulsion (o/w) was able to maintain the quality of tomatoes six days longer than without it.
Postpartum breast complications and breast-feeding practices in a baby-friendly hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Ara Rifat , Previn Shahana , Yeasmin Dilruba , Haque Farhana , Akhter Tohmina , Afroz Rumana , Akhter Sayeba
Published: May 2024

Background: Breastfeeding is essential for health of both infants and mothers, but it often encounters challenges such as postpartum breast complications. These issues can adversely affect maternal health and significantly hinder success of breastfeeding practices. Aim of study was to assess postpartum breast complications and breast-feeding practices.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2006 to July 2006. Two hundred patients in the postnatal ward who delivered their babies at DMCH were randomly selected.
Result: Among 200 postnatal women, 33.5% experienced breast problems. Women with breast problems were designated as group A and women without breast problems were designated as group B. Most women in groups A and B were aged between 21-30 years with average 24.8 years for both groups. Antenatal check-ups were similar across groups, with breastfeeding advice given to 55.2% in group A and 64.7% in group B pre-lacteal feeds were given to 19.4% of group A and 21.8% of group B neonates, while colostrum was fed to the majority. Most neonates were breastfed within 2 hours. Good breastfeeding position and attachment were observed in most cases. Exclusive breastfeeding was more common in group B (73.7%) than in group A (58.2%). Breast problems in group A included engorgement, lactation insufficiency, and nipple issues.
Conclusions: The study reveals that postpartum breast complications, notably breast engorgement and lactation insufficiency, significantly affects the breastfeeding effectiveness of new mothers.
A study to evaluate the knowledge of women about the prevention of carcinoma cervix by vaccination
Authors: Sultana Meher , Shammi Tahmina Khan , Akhter Sabina , Nancy Farhana Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Background: Cervical cancer, characterized by malignant growth in the cervix uteri, often manifests with vaginal bleeding and can progress silently until reaching an advanced stage. It ranks as the most common cancer among women in numerous developing nations. The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of the women about the prevention of carcinoma cervix by vaccination.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka medical college and hospital, Bangladesh from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021. In this study, 100 women attending the mentioned department, were interviewed with a view in mind to find out their knowledge level regarding the vaccination of cervical cancers. Data were analyzed by using MS office tools.
Results: The study revealed a direct correlation between education level and awareness of HPV, underscoring a significant lack of knowledge about cervical cancer vaccination. It emphasizes the urgent need to educate individuals about the vaccine's role in preventing cervical cancer. Education campaigns utilizing local media could effectively disseminate information.
Conclusions: The unavailability and cost of the vaccine pose barriers to its accessibility. Integrating the vaccine program into existing expanded program on immunization (EPI) initiatives could be transformative for community health.
Randomized control trial to find the safety and efficacy of the Kiwi OmniCup system in comparison with the conventional vacuum delivery
Authors: Mishra Kalpana , Sarkar Ruma , Aditya Vani , Bhadkaria Shivani
Published: May 2024

Background: Ventouse delivery, also known as vacuum extraction, is a medical procedure employed during childbirth to assist in the safe delivery of a baby when conditions necessitate a quicker or controlled delivery to safeguard the health and well-being of both the baby and the mother.
Methods: The research was conducted in the labour room of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Baba Raghav das Medical College in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh during September 2019 to August 2020 involve all pregnant women undergoing the process of normal delivery. Thorough maternal histories, physical examinations, and diagnostic tests were conducted and documented. Group A undergoing conventional vacuum extraction and group B utilizing the Kiwi OmniCup. The outcomes of the procedures were meticulously recorded.
Results: Instrumental deliveries in both the Ventouse and Kiwi OmniCup groups were primarily conducted due to fetal distress, with 16 cases (40%) and 23 cases (57.5%), respectively. Other medical conditions also contributed to instrumental deliveries, accounting for 16 cases (40%) in the Ventouse group and 9 cases (22.5%) in the Kiwi OmniCup group. Maternal exhaustion led to instrumental deliveries in 8 cases (20%) in both groups.
Conclusions: Instrumental deliveries, primarily ventouse and Kiwi OmniCup, were mainly performed due to fetal distress, with ventouse often requiring longer cup application and resulting in more significant blood loss, while Kiwi OmniCup led to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions primarily due to respiratory distress; however, both methods showed comparable APGAR scores and low rates of severe neonatal complications.
Assessment of clinical epidemiology, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer: a retrospective analysis from a tertiary cancer centre in North India
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Gupta Manish , Thakur Vandana , Fotedar Vikas , Vats Sidharth
Published: May 2024

Background: Ovarian cancer stands as the daunting third most prevalent cancer among females. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical epidemiology, treatment patterns (including end-of-life care), and survival outcomes among patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer.
Methods: This retrospective analysis encompassed all patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer and enrolled at the tertiary cancer center, IGMC Shimla in Himachal Pradesh. The study included patients registered between January 2014 and December 2018, spanning all age groups.
Results: During the aforementioned period, ovarian cancer accounted for 18.7% of gynaecological cancers among females out of which epithelial ovarian cancer accounted for 14.8% of the cases. The median age of patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) was 54.5 years. Most patients hailed from Shimla, followed by Mandi and Kullu districts, among the twelve districts in the state of Himachal Pradesh. The majority of patients were diagnosed at advanced stages FIGO III and IV, comprising a total of 77.1%. Chief complaints included abdominal pain, followed by abdominal distention, heaviness, or bloating. The median duration of follow-up was 27 months (with a standard deviation of ±9.175). The median overall survival (OS) for stage I, II, III, and IV was 92.59 months, 87 months, 82.17 months, and 52.5 months, respectively, and these differences were statistically significant.
Conclusions: Ovarian cancer patients are often diagnosed in advanced stages III and IV, primarily due to late diagnosis and the presence of vague symptoms. Achieving optimal cytoreduction significantly improves overall survival. Therefore, it's crucial to raise awareness among general physicians in rural healthcare settings and the public about the symptoms of ovarian cancer to facilitate early detection. Additionally, there's a notable deficiency in end-of-life discussions and palliative care management, which should be accessible to every patient.
Analytical study on maternal and fetal outcome of pre-eclampsia with severe features at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chandrashekhara Sushmitha S. , Devaraj Revathi , Maliyuru Basavaraju Asha
Published: May 2024

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a multi-system, pregnancy specific disorder that is characterized by the development of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks. Pre-eclampsia is the majority of referrals to tertiary care centre. It is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Methods: A retrospective analytical study done over a period of six months from January 1st 2023 to June 30th 2023. Pregnant women admitted with PE with severe features to Cheluvamba hospital, MMCRI, Mysore during the study were considered and analysed using the proforma. Data was entered into Microsoft excel data sheet and was analyzed. Categorical data was represented in the form of Frequencies and proportions
Results: Incidence of PE with severe features in our hospital was 3.4%. Majority (69%) were between 23-27 years of age and 52.7% were primigravida. Maternal complications were noted in 37.5% attributed to renal dysfunction, postpartum haemorrhage, DIC, placental abruption, HELLP, pulmonary oedema and postpartum eclampsia.
Conclusions: Maternal and perinatal complications are more in patients with severe pre-eclampsia. The incidence of severe pre-eclampsia can be reduced by early referral, better antenatal care, early recognition and treatment of pre-eclampsia
A rare case report on cervical pregnancy
Authors: Jariwala Sherebanu Z. , Jain Mahima
Published: May 2024

Cervical pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy and it represents <1% of all ectopic pregnancies. Tubal ectopic, Interstital, caesarean scar pregnancy, cornual, ovarian, Intramural are other types of ectopic pregnancy. Timely diagnosis and Treatment are key to management any type of ectopic pregnancy. Cervical ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of blastocyst in the intracervical canal. Cervical pregnancy are high risk cases as they may present with an unexpected life-threatening hemorrhage secondary to the erosion of cervical blood vessels, which may require hysterectomy to save the patient. Here is case of 22yr old primi patient with 6 weeks and 2 days of cervical ectopic pregnancy planned for dilatation and evacuation followed by medical management span; Improved ultrasound resolution and earlier detection of these pregnancies have led to the development of more conservative treatments that attempt to limit morbidity and preserve fertility.
Management of challenges with large cervical masses
Authors: Chugh Mansi , Goel Bharti , Sehgal Alka , Aggarwal Phiza
Published: May 2024

Cervical adenomyomas are extremely rare benign tumors and are often overlooked as a differential diagnosis of large cervical masses. Herein, we report a case of a 23-year-old nulliparous woman with polypoid adenomyoma arising from the endocervix. The mass was filling up the vagina and stretching the anterior fornix up into the lower abdomen, hence the origin of the mass could not be identified on clinical examination or imaging. Therefore, management of this mass was challenging. Excision of this mass was done using an abdominoperineal approach. Histologically, the polypoid lesion was composed of endocervical epithelium with interlacing fascicles and bundles of tumor cells intermixed with endocervical glands. Clinicians should be aware of such lesions so that they can decide upon the appropriate course of management.
Incidental discovery of a copper-migrated intrauterine device in the rectum during abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Diakhate Abdoulaye , Wade Mouhamadou , Niass Ami , Ndiaye Mame Diarra , Moreira Philippe
Published: May 2024

The objective of the study is to report a case of IUDs migrating into the rectum that were accidentally discovered during an abdominal hysterectomy. This was a 47-year-old G9P8 patient with eight live vaginal births and one abortion dating back 7 years. As management, she would have received intrauterine suctioning followed by IUD insertion. The diagnosis of IUD migration was made during an abdominal hysterectomy for high grade cervical dysplasia CIN2. The migrating IUD perforated the right end of the posterior aspect of the uterine isthmus and the anterior aspect of the upper rectum. It was removed using forceps with its "T" that was lodged in the uterine wall and its body and thread in the rectum. The rectal breach was sutured with vicryl and total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy could be performed without any other particularities. Migration of a copper IUD into the rectum is exceptional. However, it should be considered in a patient with digestive disorders in the days following the insertion of an IUD. The absence of the son should be a warning, and imaging and especially the digestive endoscopy allow the diagnosis to be made and at the same time its extraction to be carried out as soon as possible.
Post-menopausal Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour: a report of two cases
Authors: Jacob Ancy T. , K. Jumanath A. , I. Praseeda , Thomas Merin , Mathew Tilka
Published: May 2024

Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) represent less than 0.2 percent of all ovarian cancers and are an uncommon type of sex cord–stromal malignancy. Since these tumors are discovered in young women at an early stage, the management challenge is in striking the correct balance between a treatment that is effective enough to stop recurrences but yet permits fertility preservation. We present 2 case report of patients, one presented with hirsuitism and on evaluation found to have elevated levels of serum total testosterone and suspicion of SLCTs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pelvis. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) was done with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) and histopathology report came as ovarian Leydig cell tumour. Second case with postmenopausal bleeding and on evaluation MRI report showed right ovarian solid tumour-fibroma/fibrothecoma. Tumour markers were normal. TLH was done with BSO, histopathology report came as ovarian SLCT.
Incidence and predictors of intraoperative hypertension during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Elsheikh Mohamed , Abdelkhalik Sameh , Eid Ahmed , Barakat Hosam
Published: May 2024

Background: The authors noticed during their practice that most of patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) owing to acute cholecystitis are associated with increased intraoperative blood pressure especially during manipulation on the gallbladder which may increase the risk of bleeding. A retrospective analysis was carried out to estimate the risk and the potential risk factors of intraoperative hypertension.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of the data of patients who underwent LC for acute cholecystitis in our university hospitals from June 2022 to December 2023. The patients’ documents and records were revised with exclusion of patients with incomplete data. The data of age, gender, ASA class, BMI, co-morbidities, preoperative CRP, preoperative TLC, preoperative temperature, and preoperative bilirubin were collected and reported. The data of duration of surgery, time for devascularization of the gallbladder, and the changes in the blood pressure were also recorded.
Results: Seventy-three patients underwent LC for acute cholecystitis during the study period, 44 (60.27%) of them developed intraoperative hypertension with statistically significant difference between the patients who did not develop intraoperative hypertension in BMI (p=0.0003), preoperative CRP (p=0.008), preoperative TLC (p=0.001), duration of surgery (p=0.034), and time to devascularization of the gallbladder (p=0.027). The regression analysis revealed an increased risk of intraoperative hypertension with decreased age (p=0.0191), increased BMI (p=0.034), and increased preoperative TLC (p=0.038).
Conclusions: The risk of intraoperative hypertension during LC for acute cholecystitis increased with decreased age, increased BMI, and increased preoperative TLC.
A case series on laparoscopic management of choledochal cyst in adults at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Bagree Rajendra , Kumar Ritesh , Srinivas Vinay , Gupta Ayush , Kumar Naveen , Kumar Nitish
Published: May 2024

Choledochal cysts represent a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the cystic dilation of the biliary tract. Although a vast majority of the cases present in early childhood, sometimes these cases can present in adulthood as well. The preferred treatment involves laparoscopic complete excision of the choledochal cyst with subsequent reconstruction of the biliary tract. While laparoscopic hepaticoduodenostomy is a documented procedure in the literature, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy has gained widespread acceptance. This study details a series of fifteen cases illustrating our experiences with these procedures. Between August 2022 and February 2024, a total of eighteen patients, including fifteen females and three males, were diagnosed with choledochal cysts. Fifteen of the patients underwent laparoscopic cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Evaluation parameters included age, sex, clinical symptoms, Todani classification, operative time, complications, and hospital stay. Assessment utilized clinical history, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Out of the total eighteen cases, fifteen patients were operated, two patient developed right-sided pleural effusion which was managed with chest physiotherapy and incentive spirometry. Anastomotic leak was observed in the case of two patients which was managed conservatively. Of these patients, three developed fevers, which were managed using intravenous antipyretic drugs. In a further 3 months follow-up, no new complications were observed in any of the cases. Laparoscopic management of choledochal cysts is increasingly favoured, providing patients with the benefits of minimally invasive surgery. However, such procedures must be performed by highly experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
Breast granular cell tumour: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li Yan Ying , Tsoi Yee Kei , Marabi Monalyn
Published: May 2024

Granular cell tumour of the breast, being a rare disease entity poses diagnostic challenges as it often mimics carcinoma. The mainstay of treatment for GCT is wide local excision and prognosis is good with negative margin. We hereby report a case of breast granular cell tumour presenting as a palpable breast lump with positive margin involvement after wide local excision, managed by margin re-excision. We also review existing literature on the clinical presentation, histopathological and radiological description and the of the disease.
Intrahepatic lithiasis managed with hepatectomy and anterograde cholangioscopy through the right posterior sectorial duct
Authors: Matos Victória L. , Ferreira Luís , Alexandrino Henrique , Tralhão Guilherme
Published: May 2024

Intrahepatic lithiasis, endemic in East Asia, is increasing in Western countries and without proper treatment, may cause cholangitis, liver abscesses, biliary cirrhosis, and cholangiocarcinoma. Management may require endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical approach to the bile duct. Anterograde approach through the stump of the biliary duct during hepatectomy has been reported only rarely. We present a case managed through an anterograde approach, which is a valid alternative that preserves the integrity of the main biliary tree. A 76-year-old woman presented with recurrent severe cholangitis episodes and intrahepatic lithiasis in the right posterior sectorial bile duct, with a dominant stone in the junction with the left duct. Due to a variation in the biliary tree anatomy, the retrograde access was difficult and after undergoing several unsuccessful attempts at endoscopic clearance, she was offered surgical therapy. Right posterior sectionectomy and common bile duct anterograde exploration through the stump were performed, for stones clearance. The anterograde approach allowed complete hepaticolitothomy, preserving the main biliary tree and preventing anastomotic stricture or leakage. This technique should be considered in sectorial limited intrahepatic lithiasis with steep angle of drainage, unapproachable by retrograde access.
A rare case of surgical obstructive jaundice due to spontaneous gastro-gastric intussusception
Authors: Bhalerao Aishwarya S. , Kumar Supreet , Shah Suryalok P. , Pandey Alok K. , Tandon Vivek , Govil Deepak
Published: May 2024

Intussusception in adult patients is far less common than in paediatric population. In adults, the small bowel is the most common site of intussusception and stomach or a surgical stoma as the site of intussusception is unusual. Epidemiological data specifically related to gastrogastric intussusception is extremely rare. When an adult develops intussusception, they typically present with nonspecific symptoms like vomiting, pain abdomen and abdominal distention. Abdominal mass and features of intestinal obstruction which are the common modes of presentation in paediatric patients are infrequently encountered in adult patients. Foregut intussusception is usually caused by either gastric polyps passing through the pylorus into the duodenum or intussusception of the gastric remnant through a surgically fashioned gastro-jejunal anastomosis. There have never before been any reports of a true gastro-gastric intussusception, according to a search of the MEDLINE database. We present a case of a 38-year-old gentleman who presented with gastro-gastric intussusception due to a large polypoidal mass arising from the greater curvature of stomach which had prolapsed into the duodenum hence acting as a lead point with resultant gastric outlet obstruction and extrinsic compression on the retro duodenal portion of the common bile duct, leading to surgical obstructive jaundice which subsided after surgical resection without the need for any hepato-pancreatic intervention like biliary stenting. The rarity of gastro-gastric intussusception with the offending intussusceptum causing obstructive jaundice makes this case one of its kind and worthy of publication.
Unusual presentation of abdominal wall abscess: retained gallstones after laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy
Authors: Tirpude Bhupesh , Bhanarkar Hemant , Deshpande Gayatri Amit , Kodape Girish , Jain Yash , Gajbhiye Raj N. , Jadhao Ashutosh , Kursunge Vipin
Published: May 2024

This case depicts an uncommon origin of an abdominal wall abscess. A 66-years old woman presented with a flank abscess on the right side, following a previous laproscopic subtotal cholecystectomy. Upon incision, the abscess revealed retained gall stones within the abdominal wall muscles. The patient underwent laproscopic dissection of the fistula tract and retrieval of the retained stones. With proper expertise, this could be achieved laproscopically, and potential difficulties should be anticipated pre-operatively. This also underscores the role of indocyanine green-guided biliary surgeries in preventing fatal complications.
A case of accidental transtracheal gastric passage of feeding tube in esophageal atresia with distal tracheo esophageal fistula: a rare occurrence
Authors: Winford Manna Elizabeth , Hombalkar Narendra N. , Hombalkar Priya
Published: May 2024

Esophageal atresia is a congenital anomaly which is usually diagnosed by the inability to pass a feeding tube into the stomach, associated with respiratory distress and excessive frothing from the mouth. Here we report a case of a 1 day old 2.5 kg female child who presented with respiratory distress and excessive salivation, with passage of infant feeding tube into the stomach initially, and not subsequently, in a case of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. EA can almost be ruled out if the feeding tube can be passed into the stomach. In EA with distal tracheo-esophageal fistula there can be a rare possibility of feeding tube entering the stomach, which is only possible through the trachea and the distal fistula. Here we report this rare occurrence, which led to a delay in diagnosis. Similar clinical situations can be avoided by routinely using a stiff rubber catheter instead of a soft feeding tube for the diagnosis of EA and TEF.
Cecal volvulus, a rare cause of intestinal obstruction with incidental jejunal diverticula: an unusual case report
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajni , Singh Gurbir , Rayoo Shavi , Singh Tanisha
Published: May 2024

Cecal volvulus refers to the abnormal twisting of the cecum around its mesenteric axis. Although it is an infrequent cause of large bowel obstruction, it poses a potential threat to life, requiring prompt surgical assessment and intervention to avert severe complications like bowel gangrene, cecal perforation and widespread peritonitis. Diagnosing cecal volvulus can be challenging, as its presentation closely resembles that of other causes of intestinal obstruction. Three proposed management options for cecal volvulus include cecopexy/cecoplasty, cecostomy, and resection of the cecum. Jejunal diverticula are rare unusual entity that can be congenital or acquired. Acquired jejunal diverticula are usually pulsion diverticula. Small bowel diverticula are often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on imaging or laparotomy. The gold standard for diagnosing diverticula is contrast enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT). Uncomplicated jejunal diverticula can be left untreated. Diverticulitis can be managed conservatively with antibiotics and surgical intervention is required only in case of complicated jejunal diverticulosis.
World-system analysis: the relevance of the methodological apparatus in an era of digital transformation
Authors: Linnik Alexandr
Published: May 2024

The article considers the methodological apparatus of world-system analysis, its place in today's socio-political knowledge, assesses its potential to reliably analyze socio-political changes occurring in the digital age. In the analysis, the greatest emphasis is placed on the studies in the field of social sciences that use the world-system methodology (I. Wallerstein, S. Amin, O. Komolov and others). The position of the world-system analysis is considered in the context of the principles of postnonclassical science, the toolkit of the world-system theory is analyzed in relation to the study of socio-political reality, and a forecast is made regarding the prospects of this approach in the information age. The study concludes that the methodological apparatus of the world-system approach will presumably be relevant until the end of the epoch of capitalism as a historical social system. However, the world-system theory needs to revise and update its methodological apparatus due to the ongoing digital transformations that change the entire socio-political space. Without revision of the methodological apparatus, world-system analysis has chances of obsolescence due to the rapidly changing reality under the influence of information and communication technologies.
Stages of Civil Society Development in the Context of the Transformation of the Political Regime in the Republic of Belarus from 1994 to 2023
Authors: Ushakova Anna
Published: May 2024

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Republic of Belarus had its own unique experience in the development of civil society. During different stages of the transformation of the political regime, the government used various methods of interacting with civil society, from confrontation to cooperation. In order to assess the level of its development and future prospects in connection with the 2020 protests, it's important to explore the construction of civil society throughout the history of independent Belarus. After studying and generalising multiple sources, attempts have been made to identify the stages of the transformation of political regime in the Republic of Belarus, as well as to analyse the development of civil society during the period 1994-2023.
The impact of environmental transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (case study: Municipality of 22nd district of Tehran)
Authors: Karimi Mojtaba , Tabesh Mohammad Hosein , Taghipour Mohamamd
Published: May 2024

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of environmental transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior through the mediating role of perceived meaningful work in Tehran District 22 Municipality. The study population in this study is the employees of the municipal district of District 22 of Tehran. The number is about 400 people, and the sample size was obtained according to Cochran’s 196 formula. The research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of implementation method. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data, which proved with 95% confidence that the variables had an abnormal distribution. Therefore, due to the abnormality of the data distribution, Pls software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that environmental transformational leadership has an effect on organizational citizenship behaviors.
Organizational cognitive neuroscience: A step ahead in understanding counterproductive workplace behavior
Authors: Zuberi Marium Arslan , Mahmood Amir , Mahmood Qureshi Nasir
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses the dawn of cognitive neuroscience in management and organizational research. The study does that in two tiers: first, it reviews the interdisciplinary field of organizational cognitive neuroscience, and second, it analyzes the role organizational cognitive neuroscience (OCN) could play in reducing counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWB). Theoretically, the literature has established the benefits of a neuro-scientific approach to understanding various organizational behaviors, but no research has been done on using organizational neuroscience techniques to study counterproductive work behaviors. This paper, however, has taken the first step towards this research avenue. The study will shed light on this interdisciplinary field of organizational cognitive neuroscience (OCN) and the benefits that organizations can reap from it with respect to understanding employee behavior. A research agenda for future studies is provided to scholars who are interested in advancing the investigation of cognition in counterproductive work behaviors, also by using neuroscience techniques. The study concludes by providing evidence drawn from the literature in favor of adopting an OCN approach in organizations.
Step-by-Step: Learning Japanese Writing on Android for Beginners
Authors: Bantun Suharsono , Nirsal Nirsal , Marpaung T.J. , Tarigan E.D. , Hasibuan C.D. , Sari Jayanti Yusmah
Published: May 2024

This research focuses on developing an Android-based mobile application to facilitate the process of learning to write in Japanese for beginners. This application is designed to effectively teach the two main Japanese writing systems, namely Hiragana and Katakana, through an interactive and easy-to-follow method. By utilizing digital image processing technology, handwriting pattern recognition is carried out in real time by applying the Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Euclidean distance methods. The app provides instant feedback allowing users to correct their mistakes in real-time. This research describes the application development process, the methodology used, and evaluation of application performance based on user testing. The research results show that this application is effective in improving Japanese writing skills for beginners, as well as offering a flexible and accessible way to learn Japanese. This study provides valuable insights into language learning applications that can be adapted to various learners needs and offers recommendations for the future development of similar applications.
Factors of Adoption of Electronic Commerce in SMEs in Mexico
Authors: Haces Gerardo , Medina José-Melchor , Roque Ramon-Ventura , Macias Julio-Cesar , Aguirre Hector-Gabino
Published: May 2024

E-commerce has transformed the entire process of product sales between sellers and buyers, which has been of economic benefit for both parties. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the main decisive factors of this adoption, integrating aspects of Rogers' Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) model, and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Through a quantitative method, data was collected and analyzed from 434 SMEs using a questionnaire. Findings highlight that the perceived ease and usefulness of e-commerce, influenced by perceived advantage and observability, are critical determinants in the decision to adopt these technologies. Additionally, it was found that management support and employees' knowledge of Information Technologies (IT) play a relevant role in this adoption. This study adds to the existing literature on technological adoption in SMEs, showing important insights for the northeastern region of Mexico and suggesting avenues for future research. The results are relevant for business decision-makers and public policy formulators, offering guidance on how to enhance e-commerce adoption in the SME context.
The Relation of Artificial Intelligence Technology Application with Administrative Performance: A Case Study of Staff in Directorates of Education in the Hebron Governorate in Palestine
Authors: Iwadi Ibrahim , Ali Dhakir , Jabari Mohammed , Sukic Enes
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to elucidate the concept of artificial intelligence, identify obstacles to its implementation, and explore the relationship between the application of artificial intelligence technology and the administrative performance of employees in the directorate of education in Hebron, Palestine. Additionally, the study aims to propose effective strategies for overcoming these identified obstacles. The research adopts an explanatory sequential design methodology. To construct the questionnaire questions, unstructured interviews were conducted, while structured interviews were employed to interpret the results. The questionnaire was administered to 120 male and female employees. The study's findings revealed that the application of artificial intelligence technology among employees and the level of administrative performance both fall within the average range. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between the application of artificial intelligence technology in its various dimensions and administrative performance. This suggests that increased utilization of artificial intelligence technology correlates with enhanced administrative performance among employees and vice versa. In light of these results, the researchers recommend a focus on enhancing infrastructure efficiency and providing adequate proper resources to facilitate the integration of artificial intelligence technology applications.
Smart Agriculture System of Flood Monitoring and Mitigation Using Live Data for Flood-Prone Area
Authors: Boonying Sangtong , Natho Parinya , Somsuphaprungyos Suwit , Boonmee Salinun
Published: May 2024

This research proposes a solution to improve the system for monitoring relevant environmental parameters using sensors for flood mitigation. Sensors are used to collect data regarding farm flood situation. The collected data are trained for a classification model to activate the solar-powered water pump to mitigate flood incidents in a flood-prone area. The system helps farmers to monitor real-time environmental parameters relevant to farming operations and flood including soil moisture level, water level, and water flow speed in a nearby canal that provides water to the farm. To reduce flood damage, the system assists to drain the excessive water to prevent prolonged submerging of the crop. The devices are designed to use the electricity from solar power, so the system is practically used outdoor where an electricity cord is difficult to setup. Experimental results show that the sensing data from the deployed sensors are accurate. The generated prediction models give the high performance with average of 1.0, 0.97, and 0.93 F-1 score for no-flooding, mild-flooding, and severe flooding respectively.
Equity in Bytes: An In-Depth Analysis of Gender Disparities in the ICT Sector Across Albania and Western Balkans Countries - Insights, Challenges, and Strategies for Promoting Inclusion and Empowerment
Authors: Leka Elva , Lamani Luis , Hoxha Enkeleda
Published: May 2024

Gender inequality is a prevalent problem encountered by industrialized and developing nations around the globe. It is imperative for governments, organizations, and individuals to actively promote equality between genders and provide women with the necessary resources and opportunities to actualize their capabilities to address and rectify gender disparities fully. Many individuals accept that innovation is a male-ruled field, which deters women from chasing after professions in the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) area. This article addresses the student gender imbalance in choosing ICT courses in Albania and the wider Western Balkans region. The issue at hand is the low presence of women in this rapidly expanding sector, impeding economic capacity and societal advancement. The objective of this study is to identify and understand the factors that are influencing this disparity between genders. The study is focused on analysing the number of registered students in bachelor's and master's courses in computer science in different public and private universities. We use a mixed-methods methodology by analysing university registration information from the past five academic years (2018-2023) and a structured survey of 10 questions. The data is gathered from academic institutions in Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, offering a thorough picture of gender representation in computer science. The paper provides valuable perspectives on the obstacles encountered by women, examines the cultural and sociological elements that contribute to gender disparity, and suggests methods to promote inclusion and empower women in the ICT sector.
University Information System’s Impact on Academic Performance: A Comprehensive Logistic Regression Analysis with Principal Component Analysis and Performance Metrics
Authors: Selim Aybeyan , Ali Ilker , Ristevski Blagoj
Published: May 2024

This paper comprehensively analyzes data mining techniques and performance metrics applied to a logistic regression model. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized to diminish the complexity of high-dimensional data, enabling clearer visualization and examination of intricate relationships among variables. The logistic regression model demonstrated commendable performance on both test and train sets, as evidenced by high values of accuracy, precision, recall, ROC AUC, and F1 Score were observed. The provided confusion matrices offered detailed insights into the model's accuracy in classifying positive and negative instances. Concerning our hypotheses, we found no significant relationship between gender and academic performance, supported by a highly significant p-value of 0.0 and a weak positive correlation coefficient of 0.0847. However, we noticed a strong positive correlation of 0.99 between gender and exam characteristics, although it has not reached statistical significance for a p-value of 0.281. Our research contributes valuable insights into data analysis, model evaluation, and the interplay between variables. The findings can inform decision-making in real-world applications and warrant further investigation of identified relationships to enhance practical implications. Future studies should consider exploring additional factors, such as the subject of study, semester, and study year, to further understand their impact on student performance.