bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the nutritional quality and the fat globule size after six months of lactation of donkey and human milk
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Lazarević Jasmina
Published: June 2023

Donkey milk is acknowledged as a valuable nutritional source in the human diet, well known for its bioactive and functional properties. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to investigate the similarities between donkey and human milk after six months of lactation with respect to the lipid composition, milk fat globule particle size distribution, antioxidant activity, and mineral content. These components are related to the nutritional properties of milk and they are important for the dairy industry as well to human health. The obtained results showed that the most dominant fatty acids in both types of milk were oleic, palmitic, and linoleic followed by lauric, capric, and alpha-linolenic acids. Donkey milk had a desirable fatty acid composition due to its high alpha-linolenic acid content and especially low omega-6/omega-3 ratio. After the fat globule distribution was analysed, it was found that fat globules smaller than 2 μm had the highest percentage in both human and donkey milk. The antioxidant activity of human milk was significantly higher at 42.95% compared to donkey milk at 35.83%. Predominant mineral in both types of milk was Ca, followed by P, Zn, Fe and Cu. Highlighting the similarity between donkey milk and human milk encourages the use of donkey milk as a potential substitute for human milk in the future.
The Influence of Transformational Education Prediction on Softskills of Madrasa Student using Data Mining
Authors: Sari Andin Aprila , Pramesty Annisa Sugi , Malik Asma Zulfiah , Al-Hidayah Dini Nurul Haq , Alviani Laela Shintia , Assyifa Rifka Alia
Published: June 2023

Currently, transformative education is oriented towards students' independence in solving a problem they face. In other words, transformative education has its own influence on the soft skills of students. This research was conducted with the aim of providing predictions regarding the effect of transformative education on the soft skills possessed by students. The subjects in this study were students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Bandung, ranging from grade 10 to grade 12. The research method used was the Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm by taking datasets from an independent survey that had been carried out previously. The Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithms themself are included in supervised learning and can be used to predict with a high degree of accuracy. Supervised learning is one of the existing methods in machine learning by means of labeling the data trained by the machine. Testing the data using the Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm obtains predictions that transformative education affects students' soft skills and produces a very high level of accuracy for the Naïve Bayes algorithm, namely 98% of the 100 existing datasets and accuracy of the K-Nearest Neighbor is 76,67%.
ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH SINGLE-PHASE STATOR WINDING
Authors: Байдак Юрій Вікторович
Published: June 2023

The current standard considers the efficiency of electric motors only in terms of power efficiency and does not pay attention to the so-called economic efficiency - the power factor that affects the loss of electricity in the motor supply network and depends on its energy excellence.This ill-considered approach to establishing the energy efficiency class is a significant shortcoming of the European standard and requires its refinement. The single-phase power supply network in housing and communal services has led to the fact that modern motor compressor units of refrigerators, air conditioners, etc. are equipped with single-phase asynchronous electric motors. An innovative single-phase asynchronous AC motor for motor-compressor units of household appliances is considered in the paper. The stator winding of it is composed of two identical series-connected coils enclosed in half-slots of the stator with a spacious offset of 900.The phase shift of the currents in the coils is provided by a capacitor connected in parallel to one of the coils. The proposed motor is technological in production, has higher specific power and energy efficiency than existing models and meets the IE-3 class energy efficiency. Equivalent electrical circuit and vector diagram of currents for this motor have been developed and shown.  They are intended for its mathematical simulation, calculation of static operating characteristics, analysis of dynamic properties at operation in the electric drive system, and also at the level of design work.
ПАРАМЕТРИЧНА ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЯ МОДЕЛІ ОБ’ЄКТА КЕРУВАННЯ ЗА РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМИ АКТИВНОГО ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТУ
Authors: Левінський М. В. , Левінський В. М.
Published: June 2023

Анотація. Актуальність. Визначення параметрів моделей об’єкта керування за його перехідними характеристиками, отриманими в результаті активного експерименту, широко застосовується в інженерній практиці при налаштуванні параметрів регулятора системи керування. Однак ручна обробка графіків перехідних характеристик має певні недоліки і тому актуальним є застосування спеціалізованих програм на ПК.
Мета. Розглянути на прикладах доцільність ідентифікації параметрів моделей об’єкта керування за результатами обробки перехідних характеристик в пакеті програм System Identification Toolbox середовища Matlab та провести моделювання систем регулювання, параметри регуляторів яких розраховані за результатами цієї ідентифікації.
Метод. В якості методів дослідження обрані ідентифікація та моделювання об’єкта та системи регулювання із застосуванням програм System Identification Toolbox та Simulink.
Результати. Наведені приклади визначення параметрів моделей об’єктів керування з самовирівнюванням і без самовирівнювання із застосуванням програми System Identification Toolbox та підтверджена коректність їх визначення шляхом моделювання цих моделей і систем регулювання на їх основі в програмі Simulink.
Висновки. Наведені приклади підтвердили доцільність використання програми System Identification Toolbox для визначення параметрів моделей об’єкту керування за його перехідними характеристиками, отриманими в активному експерименті по каналу регулювання. Ця програма може бути рекомендована для підготовки спеціалістів з автоматизації виробничих процесів в отриманні навичок з ідентифікації моделей об’єкту керування.
РОЗРАХУНОК КОНІЧНОГО З'ЄДНАННЯ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ МОВИ ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ C#
Authors: Гулієва Н. М. , Батюк Д. Р. , Грибок Н. О. , Гулієва З. Н.
Published: June 2023

Анотація. На сьогоднішній день розробка програмного забезпечення є актуальним видом діяльності та застосовується практично у всіх сферах суспільного життя. Програмне забезпечення виконує роль пришвидшення і покращення технологічних процесів на підприємстві, що в свою чергу призводить до виготовлення більшої кількості продукції та підвищення її якості. Неякісне програмне забезпечення або його відсутність призводить до додаткових затрат. Це в свою чергу призводить до подорожчання кінцевого продукту, що негативно впиває на виробництво й, зокрема, на ВВП економіки країни. У науковій роботі розроблене програмне забезпечення в інтегрованому середовищі Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 для розрахунку конічного з’єднання на мові програмування C#. Оскільки конічне з’єднання має складну будову таких технічних параметрів як: герметичність, висока міцність, можливість легкого регулювання допуску та натягу за допомогою зміни осьового розташування деталей, здатність конічної пари до швидкого розбирання та збирання, самоцентрованість, то воно потребує точного і правильного розрахунку. Конічні з’єднання мають хороші технологічні властивості і широко застосовуються в промисловості, але при цьому мають відхилення від номінального конуса (діаметру, довжини, кута). Для нормальної експлуатації необхідно, щоб відхилення дійсних розмірів конуса знаходилися у межах заданих допусків. Допуски та посадки для конічних з’єднань встановлено в ДСТУ 2499-94. Конічні з'єднання характеризуються конічною посадкою та базовою відстанню з'єднання, які потрібно розрахувати, що і розглядається в даній роботі, а саме розробка інтерфейсу для розрахунку конічного з’єднання в інтегрованому середовищі Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 на мові програмування C#. Даний інтерфейс простий та зручний у користуванні та пришвидшує процес розрахунку на відміну від традиційного.
CREATING A “SMART” COMPUTER SCIENCE CLASSROOM AT UNIVERSITY
Authors: Rozputnia B. M. , Shevchenko L. S. , Umanetz V. O.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This work aims to highlight issues related to the creation of "smart" microelectronics-based computer science classes in higher education institutions. The "smart" computer science classroom created is a fully automated educational environment that operates in its three modes: "standard", "automatic", "automatic power saving". "Samrt" cabinet can be controlled by smartphones, PCs and remote controls. Cabinet is equipped with various sensors, indicators and electronic parts based on ArduinoUNO, MEGA and ESP8266-12E WiFi modules. Measurements of built-in "smart" office sensors and indicators are used to display information on the status of the office and classroom microclimate for demonstration presentations and laboratory work. Designed for Iformatics, the Smart Cabinet consists of three modules: "Informational", "Executive" and "Demonstration", controlled by an ATMEL microcontroller. The demonstration module is designed to quickly and easily connect various sensors and components for solderless boards. Arduino open programming platform. Smart sensors in computer science classrooms can monitor the environment inside and outside the classroom (temperature, humidity, pressure, light levels, levels of carbon dioxide and other gases in the air); and remotely control peripherals: TVs, projectors, lamps, electrical outlets, curtains. All three modules are connected to a wireless local area network. "Star" topology with radio communication based on each module. The main components of the system are executive modules that have Internet access, equipment, technology and software tools. An overview of the educational system in technical educational institutions addresses the following issue: сreating "smart" computer science classrooms in higher education institutions.
Design and Implementation of Smart Control Elevator Based on Biometric Recognition System for People with Special Needs
Authors: MASMOUDI Sabeur
Published: June 2023

The elevators have been developed to serve the requested passenger’s floors with efficient vertical transportation. However, it presents permanent difficulties for people with special needs. They can’t manipulate easily those elevators and usually make them feel uncomfortable. Many researches propose an efficient solution for those peoples based on biometric technology. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness and accuracy of the biometric recognition technology in the development of a smart elevator for people with special needs and how to help them to use elevators easily based on multimodal biometric systems? In this paper, we developed a prototype of an efficient three floors smart elevator through programmable electronic devices such as microcontroller and programmable logic controller. The proposed smart elevator allow handicapped peoples to control the elevator easily and comfortably, especially people with speechless, visual, hearing, and physical impairments that have daily challenges with elevator. An average performance rate more than 98% has been stored with an efficient control of the proposed smart elevator. The proposed smart elevator permits to facilitate the daily life of people with special needs making them more independent by using biometric recognition modalities.
Estado e desenvolvimento na década de 90: desafios da reforma institucional
Authors: REZENDE FERNANDO
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Até agora, a reivindicação de profundas reformas institucionais na economia brasileira não levou a grandes mudanças. O consenso sobre questões amplas, como menor interferência e controle do governo, tem se mostrado insuficiente para dar mais impulso a essas reformas ao longo dos anos noventa. Pretende-se resumir algumas questões básicas, que podem ajudar a uma melhor avaliação das possibilidades de resolução dos conflitos de interesse em tempo oportuno. As divergências, em muitos casos, são mais uma questão de tempo e grau do que de substância. Nesse sentido, cabe ressaltar que um acordo prévio sobre alguns princípios básicos, ao lado das proposições do escritor italiano Ítalo Calvino para o próximo milênio, será de grande ajuda.
A América Latina entre duas crises
Authors: PINTO ANÍBAL
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Este trabalho, inicialmente, chama a atenção para o claro contraste entre a intensidade e a evolução da crise dos anos 30 e a que ocorre no início dos anos 80, originando a chamada “década perdida” que, de fato e com exceção de poucas exceções, ainda não foi superado. Várias questões principais são enfatizadas. Por um lado, a incidência da primeira crise foi substancialmente mais grave que a segunda. Por outro lado, as circunstâncias externas foram mais desvantajosas e prolongadas devido à repercussão da crise nas “economias centrais” e à incidência da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Apesar dessas circunstâncias, a maioria dos países latino-americanos poderia iniciar sua recuperação e manter o chamado “desenvolvimento interno” até aproximadamente os anos sessenta. Na última parte, após analisar diferentes fatos que influenciaram a evolução - principalmente o papel desempenhado pelas economias centrais nas duas crises recordadas -, é enfatizada a possibilidade de “vivermos em outra América Latina” e é necessário, acima de tudo, constituir outras aglomerações sociopolíticas inerentes às realidades internas e externas da atualidade.
Interpretação gráfica dos custos de programas de ajustamento
Authors: ABUD JAIRO
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Este trabalho é baseado em um artigo de Bresser-Pereira, no qual ele propõe representar os custos líquidos de um ajuste econômico aplicado a um país. Para esse estudo, ele usou uma ferramenta gráfica. De um modo geral, podemos dizer que existem duas situações: a primeira ocorre quando o governo do país decide aplicar os ajustes e reformas assim que surgirem distorções. O segundo acontece quando o governo, apesar das evidências, atrapalhando as reformas, espera por um consenso da sociedade. Para ilustrar esses dois casos diferentes, o México e a Argentina foram escolhidos. Embora o gráfico tenha tentado mostrar os custos de transição do ajuste, é possível deduzir outras coisas interessantes - base deste trabalho.
El cuidado de niños y adolescentes negros con problemas de salud mental en la interseccionalidad entre género y raza
Authors: Régio Luciane , Barros Sônia , Ballan Caroline , Aguiar Carla , Candido Bruna de Paula , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil sociofamiliar de niños y adolescentes negros con problemas de salud mental y describir desde un enfoque interseccional quién es responsable de su cuidado. Método: estudio exploratorio descriptivo de enfoque cualitativo, llevado a cabo en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial Infantil y Juvenil de la región norte del municipio de São Paulo. La recolección de datos se realizó con 47 familiares de niños y adolescentes negros, con el soporte de un guion con variables predefinidas, sometidas a análisis estadístico. Resultados: se realizaron 49 entrevistas, 95,5% con mujeres, con edad promedio de 39 años, 88,6% madres, 85,7% negras. La renta familiar procede del salario para el 100% de los cuidadores hombres y el 59% de las mujeres. Entre las cuidadoras negras, 25% tienen casa propia y, entre las pardas, 46,2%. Del total de cuidadores, el 10% vive en casas ocupadas, el 20% vive en viviendas cedidas, el 35% tiene casa propia y el 35% alquila. La red de contención social es mayor entre los blancos (16,7%), seguidos por los pardos (3,8%) y está ausente entre los negros (0%). Conclusión: las responsables por el cuidado de niños y e adolescentes negros atendidos en el CAPSij, son, casi en su totalidad mujeres, “madres o abuelas” negras (o mulatas), con acceso desigual a educación, trabajo y vivienda, derechos sociales constitucionales en Brasil.
Abandono de la terapia antirretroviral entre adolescentes y jóvenes con VIH/SIDA durante el COVID-19: un estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Piran Camila Moraes Garollo , Cargnin Alana Vitória Escritori , Shibukawa Bianca Machado Cruz , Oliveira Natan Nascimento de , Silva Marcelo da , Furtado Marcela Demitto
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados al abandono de la terapia antirretroviral entre adolescentes y jóvenes que vivían con VIH/sida durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudio de casos y controles realizado entre 2020 y 2021 en Maringá, Paraná. Los casos fueron: adolescentes y jóvenes (10 a 24 años) diagnosticados con VIH/sida y que abandonaron el tratamiento, mientras que el grupo de controles fue compuesto por personas con características sociodemográficas semejantes, diagnosticadas con VIH/sida, sin historia de abandono del tratamiento. El emparejamiento de casos y controles se hizo por conveniencia, con cuatro controles por cada caso. El instrumento de investigación presentó variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, entre otras y la asociación con el abandono del tratamiento se analizó por regresión logística. Resultados: se incluyeron 27 casos y 109 controles en el estudio (proporción 1/4). La variable asociada con mayor probabilidad de abandono fue la edad próxima a 22,8 años (ORaj:1,47; IC 95%:1,07-2,13; p=0,024). El uso esporádico del preservativo (ORaj:0,22; IC 95%:0,07-0,59; p=0,003) y padecer una infección oportunista (OR:0,31; IC 95%:0,10-0,90; p=0,030) fueron factores protectores. Conclusión: la edad próxima a los 23 años en la última visita se asoció al abandono de la terapia antirretroviral. La presencia de infección oportunista y el uso de preservativos son factores determinantes para la continuidad del tratamiento durante el COVID-19.
Estratégias de enfrentamento à COVID-19 em instituições de longa permanência para idosos
Authors: Novaes Helena Patáro de Oliveira , Oliveira Lélia Mendes Sobrinho de , Gomes Nildete Pereira , Santos Alice de Andrade , Soub Janine , Duarte Meirelayne Borges , Sampaio Rute dos Santos , Oliva Tânia Maria de Menezes
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever as estratégias de enfrentamento à COVID-19 em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos no estado da Bahia. Metodologia Trata-se de uma pesquisa retrospectiva, por meio de uma análise documental do acervo produzido pela Comissão Intersetorial de Monitoramento de Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos no Estado da Bahia, no período de abril/2020 a junho/2021. O tratamento dos dados baseou-se na análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados Emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Articulação em rede Intersetorial e telemonitoramento de instituições de longa permanência para idosos. Conclusão Concluiu-se que o conjunto de ações de articulação em rede intersetorial e telemonitoramento realizadas pela Comissão Intersetorial de Monitoramento de Longa Permanência foram estratégias fundamentais para mitigar o impacto da COVID-19 nas instituições. Destaca-se a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas efetivas de apoio às instituições de longa permanência para idosos, repensando criticamente sobre a tipologia destes equipamentos.
Lesão por pressão em unidade de terapia intensiva: prevalência e fatores associados em pacientes COVID-19
Authors: Melo Camila Mumbach de , Bueno Ariane de Lourdes Gomes , Rossetto Taís Loticci , Almeida Brenda Girardi de , Moretto Liliane Becker , Diniz Marisa Basegio Carreta
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a ocorrência de lesões por pressão e identificar fatores de risco associados em pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19 internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Método: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa realizado por meio pesquisa documental. Para a amostra selecionou-se 393 prontuários que contemplaram os critérios de inclusão, no período de março de 2020 a março de 2021, de um hospital da região sul brasileira. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise estatística descritiva, utilizou-se o programa estatístico Bioestat 5.0. Resultados: A prevalência de lesões por pressão em pacientes com COVID-19 foi de 42%, os fatores de riscos associados a lesões foram o tempo de internação, terapia ventilatória e a posição prona com significância (p<0,05). Conclusão: Pacientes com COVID-19 estão sujeitos a diversos fatores não modificáveis que são determinantes no surgimento de lesões por pressão. Portanto, infere-se que as medidas de prevenção devem ser rigorosamente aplicadas nessa população.
Planned home births in Joinville: epidemiological profile of women and maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Reinicke Rafaela , Batista Bruna Daniela , Schmalfuss Joice Moreira , Bressan Rosimeire Pereira
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of women who opted for planned home birth in a city in the north of Santa Catarina and to present the main maternal and neonatal outcomes. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional research, with retrospective and documentary data collection carried out in 66 medical records of women who had planned home births from January 2012 to March 2020, in Joinville. The data were organized in tables and analyzed in a descriptive way. Results: The women who opted for planned home birth have a mean age of 31 years, are mostly white, married, with higher education, multiparous, planned pregnancy and performed prenatal care properly. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were positive, with low transfer rates, none being neonatal, and no cases of maternal morbidity. Conclusion: The evidence found proved to be satisfactory for the implementation of a new model of health care for women and children.
Validação clínica da Neonatal Skin Condition Score com recém-nascidos portugueses
Authors: Ferreira Eva Madalena Canha , Pereira Ana Rita da Conceição , Montoito Ana Isabel Morais , Curado Maria Alice dos Santos
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar clinicamente a Neonatal Skin Condition Score - versão portuguesa com recém-nascidos portugueses, verificando se o risco de lesão da pele nessa população é influenciado pela sua condição. Método: Estudo observacional, transversal e metodológico, realizado de 2018 a 2021. Na coleta de dados, utilizaram-se a Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale - versão portuguesa e a Neonatal Skin Condition Score. Desta última, realizou-se a validação de conteúdo e a estimação da sensibilidade dos itens. Utilizou-se a MANOVA para avaliar se o efeito das variáveis independentes (fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos) sobre as dependentes (escoredas duas escalas) era estatisticamente significante. Amostragem não aleatória (n=167). Resultados: Os itens apresentaram boa sensibilidade. A MANOVA revelou que os fatores tiveram efeito significante sobre os escores das duas escalas. Conclusão: A comparação das escalas evidencia validade clínica, demonstrando que melhor condição da pele corresponde a menor risco de lesão, podendo as duas escalas ser aplicadas concomitantemente.
Experiences of siblings of children with chronic diseases revealed by the dramatic therapeutic play
Authors: Souza Marcela Astolphi , Maia Edmara Bazoni Soares , Ribeiro Circéa Amália , Melo Luciana de Lione
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Objective To understand, through dramatic therapeutic play, the experiences of siblings of children with chronic diseases. Method Phenomenological study, in the light of Heideggerian philosophical framework, conducted with 12 siblings of children with chronic diseases, aged between three and 11 years, accompanied in a public teaching hospital in the countryside of the state of São Paulo. The phenomenological interviews were audio-recorded and mediated by sessions of dramatic therapeutic play; later, interpreted from the Heideggerianphilosophical framework and thematic literature. Results The siblings demonstrated that they are affectively touched in the mode of sadness, longing and affection towards the sick child and, by the daily occupations imposed by the disease. Conclusion The dramatic therapeutic play enabled the siblings of children with chronic diseases to expose their experiences permeated by the limitations of the child’s chronic disease. Instituting actions for the inclusion of the sibling during the nursing care of the child with chronic disease is urgent to improve its quality.
Construção e validação de cenários simulados no atendimento de emergência ao paciente com dor torácica
Authors: Barbosa Mayara dos Santos , Ferreira Lívia Maria Lopes , Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira , Almeida Rodrigo Guimarães dos Santos , Carbogim Fábio da Costa , Coelho Angélica da Conceição Oliveira
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar cenários de simulação clínica para o atendimento de emergência ao paciente com dor torácica. Métodos: Estudo metodológico realizado em duas etapas: construção e validação. A construção deu-se por meio do levantamento de evidências da literatura nacional e internacional. A etapa de validação deu-se mediante avaliação dos instrumentos pelos juízes, conforme Índice de Validação de Conteúdo e aplicação do teste-piloto com o público-alvo. Participaram da pesquisa 15 juízes com expertise em simulação, docência e/ou assistência, além de18 estudantes de Enfermagem, no teste piloto. Resultados: Foram construídos dois cenários de simulação clínica e todos os itens avaliados obtiveram valor acima de 0,80 apresentando evidência de validade, sendo considerados instrumentos aptos para aplicação. Conclusão: A pesquisa contribuiu para a elaboração e a validação de instrumentos que podem ser aplicados para o ensino, avaliação e capacitação em simulação clínica no atendimento de emergência ao paciente com dor torácica.
Normalization of deviance in pediatric hospital: perception of health workers
Authors: Carvalho Gabrielle da Silva , Beserra Eveline Pinheiro , Bandeira Erika da Silva , Rodrigues Ana Barbosa , Farias Isaque Lima de , Oliveira Paloma Moreira de , Oliveira Roberta Meneses
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of health workers about the phenomenon of normalization of deviance in a pediatric hospital. Method: Exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative study conducted in a public pediatric hospital in northeastern Brazil in 2021. An in-depth interview was applied to 21 health workers, submitted to Thematic Categorical Content Analysis in the MAXQDA® Software. Results: 128 context units emerged from the content analysis. These data were presented in three analytical categories, which address conceptions about normalization of deviance, examples and contributing factors. The omission of the practice of hand hygiene and the correct use of personal protective equipment,and turning off alarms stand out as the main deviance perceived by health workers. As contributing factors, human factors and organizational factors prevailed. Conclusion: Workers perceive the normalization of deviance as negligence, recklessness, and violations of good practices, with consequences for patient safety.
Contemporary crisis: social regressions, health policies, and democratic challenges
Authors: Magnago Carinne , Martins Cleide Lavieri
Published: June 2023

Abstract In the context of globalization, mentioning contemporary democracy, science, social-economic, sanitary, and environmental crises is recurrent. In Brazil, these crises have worsened due to historical-cultural structures that carry deep unresolved problems and due to governments that have worn down the national institutions that were reconstructed with hard work during its re-democratization process. In this editorial, we reflect on the national crisis context experienced in Brazil in the last years, situating social regressions resulting from neoliberal and conservative policies carried out by the last two heads of the federal government and placing some challenges to be faced by the country beginning by a movement to retrieve democracy.
Biological activity of cinnamaldehyde, citronellal, geraniol and anacardic acid on Haemonchus contortus isolates susceptible and resistant to synthetic anthelmintics
Authors: Frota Gracielle Araújo , Santos Valderlândia Oliveira dos , Rodrigues Janaelia Ferreira Vasconcelos , Oliveira Breno Reinaldo , Albuquerque Laísa Bastos , Vasconcelos Fernando Raul Correia de , Silva Adelino Carneiro , Teixeira Marcel , Brito Edy Souza de , Santos Jéssica Maria Leite dos , Vieira Luiz da Silva , Monteiro Jomar Patricio
Published: June 2023

Abstract Parasitism by gastrointestinal nematodes is a challenge for small ruminant farming worldwide. It causes productive and economic losses, especially due to parasite resistance to conventional anthelmintics. Natural compounds with antiparasitic activity are a potential alternative for controlling these parasites especially when considering the widespread occurrence of anthelmintic resistance. Our objective was to evaluate the activity of anacardic acid, geraniol, cinnamaldehyde and citronellal on Haemonchus contortus isolates with different levels of anthelmintic resistance profiles. These compounds were tested using egg hatch assays (EHAs), larval development tests (LDTs) as well as LDTs on mini-fecal cultures, on the Haemonchus contortus isolates Kokstad (KOK-resistant to all anthelmintics), Inbred-Strain-Edinburgh (ISE-susceptible to all anthelmintics) and Echevarria (ECH-susceptible to all anthelmintics). Effective concentrations to inhibit 50% (EC50) and 95% (EC95) of egg hatching and larval development were calculated. Results for EHA and LDT for all tested compounds, considering EC50 and EC95 values, showed low variation among the studied isolates with most RF values below 2x. All studied compounds showed efficacy against egg hatching and larval development of H. contortus isolates regardless of anthelmintic resistance profiles. The compounds with the smallest EC50 and EC95 values were cinnamaldehyde and anacardic acid making them promising candidates for future in vivo studies.
Reproduction of the invasive largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802) in a Neotropical reservoir with suggestions to management and control
Authors: Freitas Matheus Oliveira , Ribeiro Vanessa Maria , Abilhoa Vinícius , Vitule Jean Ricardo Simões
Published: June 2023

Abstract Aim The largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides was introduced in more than 50 countries for the purpose of sport fishing. In Brazil, records date from 1922, and nowadays many populations are known to occur in the southern region. Here we investigated the reproductive biology of this species in a small reservoir in southern Brazil, to understand the role of the reproductive strategy in the invasion process and assist in its management. We conclude with suggestions for the management in local scale, as this species can bring relevant problems to the public supply through trophic cascade and other negative effects. Methods Samples were performed with different methods, between May 2011 and April 2012. All fishes were measured, and the reproductive season was determined through the relative frequency of reproductive stages and the gonadosomatic index. Sex ratio was calculated monthly and for each total length (TL) class and compared with the estimates presented in the literature. Total length at maturity (L50, length at which 50% of the individuals were mature) was estimated for females, males and the entire study population. Results A total of 565 individuals of M. salmoides were analyzed. Overall sex-ratio did not differ significantly. The monthly distribution of the gonadosomatic index for females and males showed higher values between August (late winter) and November 2011 (austral spring). ��-Binomial modelling of sex-ratio data of native (n=1) and introduced populations (n=7) showed a lower proportion of females in its native range. All individuals > 21.5 cm TL were mature (L95), and L50 was calculated at 18.7 cm TL. After the reproductive period, an increase in the abundance of young individuals (≤ 7.0 cm TL) was registered, corresponding to 50% of all individuals collected. The relative frequency of mature individuals and the variation in the gonadosomatic index indicate a prolonged spawning period during the austral spring, coinciding with the increase in temperature. Conclusions Results suggested that some changes in life history traits, such as the early sexual maturation and the long reproductive period, coupled with a remarkable adaptability, may have facilitated the establishment of M. salmoides populations in this reservoir. The illegal and intentional stocking by anglers plays a central role in the introduction and dispersal of M. salmoides in Brazil. We encourage studies on the sanitary quality of this fish for human consumption, so that massive campaigns of education the population to encourage capture and consumption are implemented by the competent authorities as a control measure in local scale, combined with targeted samplings with artificial baits during the reproductive period, identification, and removal of nests and fingerlings using electric fishing or trap nets during the recruitment period.
THE ROLE OF COOLANT THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN CASE OF COOLING PERFORMED BY UPWARD SPRAY
Authors: Ravikumar Kollati Prudhvi , Sahoo Abanti , Mohapatra Soumya Sanjeeb
Published: June 2023

Attaining high heat flux around 900°C temperature has been challenging for current generation researchers. Although the literature has identified several quenching methods, including upward-facing spray, downward-facing spray, and both-sides spray, upward-facing spray cooling is the most efficient. The coolant's thermophysical properties may improve upward-facing spray cooling. Thus, upward-facing spray cooling was used in this study to augment the heat transfer with better fluid properties. This study uses ethanol-added water as a coolant and heat transfer analysis to boost heat removal. The statistical analysis software (Designexpert@7.0) models an upward-facing spray and finds that for maximum heat removal the Weber and Reynolds numbers must be 700 and 2220, respectively. Fluid properties are viscosity 8660 × 10-7 mPa s, density 997.7 kg/m3, and surface tension 54 mN/m. Theoretical studies and dropwise experiments were used to determine the upward-facing spray augmentation mechanism. The comparative analysis shows that ethanol is less corrosive than the additives reported in the literature. After experimentation, the total dissolved solid concentration in used water exceeds the permissible limit.
Nanoindentation and nano-scratch testing on cement paste
Authors: Barbhuiya Salim , Das Bibhuti Bhusan
Published: June 2023

Carbon nanotubes are an attractive reinforcement material for several composites. This is due to their inherently high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity. This study focused on the nanomechanical characteristics of cement paste with and without short multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The objective behind studying the nanomechanical properties of cement paste is to better understand the fundamental behaviour of cement at the nanoscale level. Cement paste is a complex material that consists of various phases, including cement hydrates, unhydrated cement particles and porosity. By studying the mechanical properties of cement paste at the nanoscale, researchers can gain insights into the mechanisms that govern the behaviour of this material. Following earlier tests, the amount of MWCNTs was kept constant (0.30% by weight of cement). The nanomechanical parameters explored included the localised Young's modulus and hardness. According to the test results, short MWCNTs increased the proportion of high-density calcium silicate hydrate in the cement paste. The nanomechanical properties (localised Young's modulus and hardness) of cement paste with short MWCNTs were found to be greater than those of cement paste without MWCNTs. According to nano-scratching experiments, the cement matrix with short MWCNTs was substantially more durable than the matrix without them.
Study of a monopile with pre-tensioned tethers for offshore wind turbines at deeper waters
Authors: Ishtiyak Mohd , Sarkar Arunjyoti , Fazeres-Ferradosa Tiago , Rosa-Santos Paulo , Taveira-Pinto Francisco , Figueiredo Rui , Romão Xavier
Published: June 2023

Currently, monopiles are the industry's first choice to support offshore wind turbines (OWTs) due to the complexities associated with fabrication, transportation and installation of various foundation solutions. These are, however, considered suitable for water depths up to ∼30–35 m, beyond which they become massive and complex to handle. Increasing the application range of monopiles without making them too large by adopting some suitable means may significantly impact the rapid growth of OWTs at intermediate water depths (∼50 m), where existing solutions such as jackets or concrete gravity foundations involve large capital expenditure. In this work, a novel approach of utilising pre-tensioned tethers along with a 6.0 m wide monopile was explored for 50 m water depth. Under an extreme load case, the stress ratio was found to be reduced from 1.17 to 0.44 when pre-tensioned tethers are used. Similarly, it was found that by adjusting parameters associated with the proposed concept, fatigue damage can be brought down from a very high value to 0.63 or less. The results thus show that the proposed approach can open new avenues to bring competitiveness to the cost of offshore wind energy at intermediate water depths.
Assessing the Efficacy of Group Work Using a Group Work Assessment Framework
Authors: Utha Karma
Published: June 2023

Group work as a learning activity in education is to enhance students’ content knowledge and develop social skills. The minimal individual and group accountability has often led to only a few students working towards achieving the group goals. Research has suggested taking care of the task design and assessment to achieve the efficacy of group work. Towards this, a Group Work Assessment Framework (GAF) is proposed. The GAF consists of a detailed roadmap of planning, implementation, and assessment taking into account the task design and assessment with specific guidelines for teachers and students. A participatory design to develop and implement the GAF was applied. Six tutors as designers and 11 tutors as implementors were involved. A total of 221 students and 8 tutors participated in the survey and interviews. The findings indicate that GAF enhanced individual and group accountability. The assessment of the group work was found to be fair as each student was marked based on his/her contribution and collaboration using evidence like meeting minutes, meeting attendance, recording, and student consultation. The study findings may provide an empirical base for policy directives to implement GAF in higher education to enhance students’ learning and develop social skills. A study may be carried out after a few cycles of implementation for any revision in the GAF.
Understanding the Relationship between Grade X Students’ Metacognitive Skills and Mathematics Performance: A Correlational Study.
Authors: Dorji Nima , Subba Purna Bdr
Published: June 2023

Although it has always been a required core subject in Bhutanese schools, underachievement in mathematics regularly shows that the requirement has very little impact on students. This study aims to examine the relationship between mathematics performance and metacognitive skills in grade X students. This study used 347 grade X students (M = 162, F = 185) from one of the schools in Sarpang Dzongkhag and a correlational survey design. The level of students' metacognitive skills was evaluated using the modified Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI), whilst their mathematics performance was evaluated using the Mathematics Performance Test (MPT). Students in grade X were found to have high level of metacognitive skills (M= 3.54, SD=.42). While the correlational analysis showed a weak but significant positive correlation (r =.133, p ≤ .05) between students' metacognitive skills and mathematics performance. The outcome also showed that students' metacognitive skills are a statistically significant predictor of their mathematics performance. The findings of the study indicated that metacognition be taken into account to aid students' learning of mathematics.
Quantitative sensory testing in a large cohort of neuropathy patients
Authors: Lizarraga Alexis , Bhai Salman , Wolfe Gil , Herbelin Laura , Nations Sharon , McCreary Morgan , Saperstein David , Barohn Richard
Published: June 2023

Background:

Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a subjective but reliable and quantifiable method to detect patient thresholds to different sensory stimuli. QST is used to measure small- and large-fiber nerve function and can be used in conjunction with other diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy (PN). The utility of QST to distinguish among different types of PN, however, has not been explored. The objective of the study was to evaluate if different patterns of QST abnormalities could distinguish between PN types.

Methods:

This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated the frequency of QST abnormalities to vibratory, cold and heat detection thresholds in a large population of PN cases evaluated at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center peripheral neuropathy clinic between 1995-2000. PN was categorized by etiology.

Results:

A total of 559 QST studies were performed in this study. The average age of patients (n=557) was 60 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The most common diagnosis was cryptogenic sensory polyneuropathy (CSPN, n=294), followed by Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (n=84)). Meta-regression of vibration and cold indicate that the expected proportion of abnormal responses is less for the vibration test (p = 0.0002), relative to the cold test. However, no differences were observed between diagnoses.

Conclusions:

Though abnormal QST thresholds were seen in most patients with PN, patterns of QST abnormalities do not distinguish between different types of PN. The routine clinical utility of QST is likely limited.
Management of the power equipment reliability and technical condition for the operation of electrical grids
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Levin Vladimir M. , Tanfilieva Daria V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The paper considers methods of analysis and synthesis of models for assessing the indicators of operational reliability and technical condition of equipment of electrical grids and power supply systems used in the tasks of managing maintenance and repair processes. The proposed optimization procedures and decision-making algorithms are proposed to prevent undesirable after-effects of consumer power supply interruptions in case of failure of electrical equipment and to reduce risks of their accidents. The work, as a deeply generalizing work studied extensively and being of theoretical and practical significance, will be of great use to a wide range of scientists, graduate students, undergraduates and electrical engineers working in the field of operation of electrical grid equipment of electric power facilities.
NON-MEDICAL USE OF METHYLPHENIDATE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TÜRKİYE: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: YAKUT İPEKOĞLU Hilal , KOLCU Giray
Published: June 2023

Objective

he misuse of methylphenidate is an important issue

in the relevant literature. The abuse of these drugs

for success, especially by high school and university

students, is quite common at the international level.

Young people consider these drugs as a savior in

order to be successful in the exams and to sustain

with their social life. It is possible that medical

education is very hard and stressful for students in

the world. The students feel too much pressure to

succeed. So, this situation directs students towards

alternatives that will reduce the pressure, stay awake

and focus more. This study aims to understand the

process and usage habits that direct medical students

to methylphenidate.

Material and Method

The study was designed as a qualitative research

method with an anthropological perspective. Medical

students' experiences, thoughts, and observations

on the illicit use of methylphenidate were collected

by researcher, using the in-depth interviews. The

study started with face-to-face interviews at the

end of 2019. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the

negotiations were completed in February 2022, after

a long break. The opinions of 17 volunteer students

who participated in the study were evaluated with a

descriptive approach.

Results

According to our research findings, medical

students are positive about the non-medical use of

methylphenidate to save the day, despite its side

effects. The use of the drug increases especially

during exam periods. It is seen that drugs are as

an easy alternative for students. The medicines are

mostly provided from other friends who still use them.

In addition, the drug is also used for weight loss. It is

a fact that its effects are exaggerated and advertised

among non-prescription users. The results of our

research are similar with international ones.

Conclusion

There are very few studies on the illicit use of

psychomotor stimulants in our country. The findings

prove that medical students need healthy and

sustainable alternatives to cope with the stress and

pressure on them. It is thought that this study will be

a basis for determining the long-term negative effects

of misuse of the drugs and taking precautions. The

research is a preliminary assessment to explore the

current situation. It is clear that there is a need for

more information, quantitative and qualitative data in

the field.
A protocol of density measurement of cholinergic innervation in 3D Images of the pig colon with Imaris 9.7 for neuroscientist v1
Authors: Li Tao
Published: June 2023

This protocol describes a step-by-step computational workflow for the density measurement of cholinergic innervation in three-dimensional (3D) images of the pig colonic enteric nervous system (ENS) with Imaris 9.7 for neuroscientist. This workflow will also work on all other gastrointestinal segments from different species. The quantitative analysis of cholinergic innervation in the ENS of gastrointestinal tract is challenging because the nerve fibers are distributed within a 3D space rather than lining on the same plane in each enteric plexus. The traditional way of counting nerve fibers manually via grid-based stereology and histomorphometry is both time consuming and labor intensive (Hunter et al. 2020). We sought to develop a reliable and computerized method to quantify the density of cholinergic innervation in 3D images of the pig colonic ENS generated from z-stack confocal images with whole mount preparation of pig colonic enteric plexuses. Central and peripheral cholinergic innervation was labeled by double-immunolabeling with a novel mouse anti-human peripheral type of choline acetyltransferase (hpChAT) antibody combined with a rabbit anti-the common type of ChAT (cChAT) antibody, a reliable marker of cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system (Bellier et al., 2019). Imaris 9.7 Surfaces Rendering Technology (https://imaris.oxinst.com/products/imaris-for-neuroscientists) was adapted the to automatically create surfaces on cChAT immunoreactive (ir) nerve fibers, hpChAT-ir fibers + somata, and ganglia containing neurons and fibers. The volumes of surface-masked structures were automatically measured using the software Imaris 9.7. The densities were calculated and expressed as percentages of their volumes in ganglion volumes (v/v, %). This approach allows us to directly, objectively and automatically measure the densities of neurons and fibers with less biases due to observer/examiner judgment. It is also faster than counting manually and allows us to quantitate a larger number of samples, increasing statistical accuracy.