bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Higher crop diversity in less diverse landscapes
Authors: Schiller Josepha , Jänicke Clemens , Reckling Moritz , Ryo Masahiro
Published: October 2023

CONTEXT: Agricultural landscapes need to be diversified for ensuring resilient agricultural production and supporting biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the relationship between agricultural diversity and landscape diversity is largely understudied.
OBJECTIVES: We aim to assess the spatial organisational relationship between agricultural and landscape diversity and their underlying drivers in Brandenburg, Germany.
METHODS: We used the mean number of unique crop types per field per decade (i.e., crop rotational diversity) as a proxy for agricultural diversity and the number of land use and land cover types and the number of habitat types as proxies for landscape diversity. Soil and climate characteristics and geographical positions were used to identify potential drivers of the diversity facets. All spatial information was aggregated at 10x10 km resolution, and statistical associations were tested by employing Pearson’s correlation, machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence methods.
RESULTS: Results revealed a non-linear negative relationship of crop rotational diversity to landscape diversity metrics. We identified that soil quality was positively linked with crop rotational diversity and negatively linked with landscape diversity metrics. The link between mean temperature and crop rotational diversity was negative, while with landscape diversity it was positive.
CONCLUSION: Our study indicates a spatial trade-off between crop and landscape diversity potentially because of the preferred use of soils with higher quality for agricultural production with more diverse cash crops, large fields and less semi-natural habitats. For increasing crop and landscape diversity, the respective strategies and targets should be tailored to the corresponding local and regional conditions.
Induction of precocious females in the protandrous barramundi (Lates calcarifer) with long-acting estradiol implants
Authors: Idan Ad Fine , Sivan Berta Levavi , Aizen Joseph
Published: October 2023

With the growing demand for fish protein, more aquatic species are currently being introduced into aquaculture. The Australian barramundi (Lates calcarifer) is a protandrous sequential hermaphrodite changing its sex from male to female. It takes several years for the barramundi to change from male to female which prevents inter-generation breeding and creates and obstacle for the establishment of a sustainable genetic enhancement program. In sequential hermaphrodites, sexual maturation as one sex or the other derives from the delicate balance between two steroids: 17β-estradiol (E2) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), and as in other vertebrates, ovarian development is correlated to the rising levels of E2 as a response to FSH activity. In this work we aimed to shorten the generation time of the barramundi grown by Israeli aquaculture via injection of E2 ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVAc) implants in three different doses, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/kg BW and a control group with empty implants. An endocrine profile for E2 and 11KT and gonadal biopsies were examined throughout the study. Our results showed significant differences in E2 levels between the treated groups and the control, two months after the last given treatment. Furthermore, oocyte diameter increased accordingly in the treated fish exhibiting over 75% sex change. Finally, treated females were used for spawning induction resulting in successful fertilization both in 2020 and 2021. This protocol producing fertile females and shortening the generation time by two years and can be utilized in commercial production of barramundi for selective breeding programs in Israel.
Tissue culture protocol for the new Citrus hybrid cultivar “Minihyang”
Authors: Jin Seong-Beom , Choi Cheol-Woo , Park Suk-Man , Kim Min Ju , Kim Jae-Hong , Lee Dong-Hoon , Yun Su-Hyun
Published: October 2023

Background
Citrus hybrid “Minihyang” is a novel citrus cultivar created through the hybridization of Citrus kinokuni ex Tanaka “Kishu mikan” and Citrus reticulate “Ootaponkan.” The fruits of the domestic cultivar are small and seedless, with a high sugar content. Therefore, Citrus “Minihyang” has a niche market for ornamental and commercial purposes with a high value. Additionally, it is a valuable genetic resource for superior variety development because of its unique characteristics. However, a tissue culture system for “Minihyang” is not available, thereby constraining the utilization of bioengineering techniques for its cultivation. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a regeneration system for “Minihyang” using cultured cells of unfertilized and undeveloped seeds from mature fruits.
Results
We used an induction-modified Murashige and Tucker medium (70 g·L− 1 lactose, 500 mg·L− 1 malt extract, and 16 g·L− 1 agar added to the basic Murashige and Tucker medium) to generate somatic embryogenic cells under semi-dark conditions at 25 ± 2°C and 4-week intervals. Propagated cells were obtained through subculture at 4-week intervals in a modified Murashige and Skoog (EMS) medium containing 50 g·L− 1 sucrose, 500 mg·L− 1 malt extract, and 8 g·L− 1 agar. Rather than normal cotyledon-stage embryos, abnormal globular embryos were observed after 4 weeks of culture in EMS medium containing 70 g·L− 1 lactose and 16 g·L− 1 agar. By regenerating plants from these abnormal globular embryos, we obtained somatic embryos with developing shoots and roots within 3 weeks of culture in EMS medium containing 0.05 M sorbitol and 0.05 M galactose as carbohydrate sources, 0.5 mg·L− 1 gibberellic acid, and 2 g·L− 1 gelrite. These embryos were transferred to and cultured in EMS medium containing 50 g·L− 1 sucrose, 500 mg·L− 1 malt extract, and 8 g·L− 1 agar to produce normal plants. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis confirmed that “Minihyang” was closely related to “Kishu mikan.”
Conclusions
We successfully developed a tissue culture system for “Minihyang,” enabling its cultivation and utilization for bioengineering most citrus tissues. Thus, “Minihyang” can serve as a genetic resource for developing bioactive cultivars using biotechnological techniques and be used to breed cultivars that can be entirely consumed.
The host response of COVID-19 and identification from other aetiologies of community-acquired pneumonia in children
Authors: Lv Haiyan , Tang Tianbin , Zhou Fang , Fang Yicheng , Shen Bo , Ying Yaping
Published: October 2023

Background
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was a common respiratory tract infection in children, which can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria, mycoplasma (MP), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and recently SARS-CoV-2 are the most widespread. We attempt to distinguish common and pathogen-specific host response characteristics by comparing the CAP of different pathogens.
Methods
We included 200 CAP hospitalized cohort caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, n = 50), mycoplasma (CAP-MP, n = 50), RSV (CAP-RSV, n = 50) and other bacteria (CAP-Bacteria, n = 50), of whom were balanced the potentially confounding factors (such as age and gender) based on Propensity Score Matching algorithm(PSM). We compared hematologic and biochemical indicators for different CAPs, samples were taken within 48 hours of admission.
Results
Main clinical features of COVID-19 were fever, faster heart rate and lower antibiotic use. Notably, markers of immuno-inflammatory, including white blood cell, lymphocyte and procalcitonin (PCT) were not different among the CAP groups. Biomarkers reflecting nutrient metabolism showed total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) levels in the COVID-19 group were lower than those in the CAP-MP group, the creatinine and urea levels of the COVID-19 patients were higher than that of CAP-MP group. The serum sodium and calcium levels in the COVID-19 group were the lowest and significantly lower than that in the CAP-MP group, while serum phosphorus levels were opposite. Moreover, we observed that the creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels in the COVID-19 were higher than those in the CAP-MP groups.
Conclusions
Our study revealed common and unique pathophysiological features of different pathogens-associated CAP, which may facilitate the pathogen-specific precision diagnosis and treatment.
Pantothenic acid alleviates fat deposition and inflammation by preventing JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Cunzhen , Wen Ziwei , Gao Yunfei , Xiao Fang , Yan Jinzhao , Wang Xiaotong
Published: October 2023

Excessive fat deposition leads to obesity and cardiovascular diseases with abnormal metabolism. Pantothenic acid (PA) is a major B vitamin required for energy metabolism. However, the effect of PA on lipid metabolism and obesity has not been explored. We investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of PA on fat accumulation as well as the influence of adipogenic marker genes in both adult male mice and primary adipocytes. Firstly, we demonstrated that PA attenuates weight gain in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD). Besides, PA supplementation substantially improved glucose tolerance and lipid metabolic disorder in obese mice. Furthermore, PA significantly inhibited WAT deposition as well as fat droplets magnification in both chow and HFD group. More importantly, PA obviously suppressed the mRNA levels of CD36,IL-6 and TNF-α to alleviate inflammation and reduced the levels of PPARγ, aP2 and C/EBPαgenes that related to lipid metabolism in ing-WAT and epi-WAT. In vitro, PA supplementation shown a lower lipid droplet aggregation as well as reduced expression levels of adipogentic genes. Finally, we identified that PA inhibits the phosphorylation levels of p38 and JNK in murine primary adipocytes. Collectively, Our data for the first time illustrated that PA attenuates lipid metabolic disorder as well as fat deposition by JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
A Global Review of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease from 2000-2023: Current Status, Challenges and Future Perspectives
Authors: Mahammed Abas , Damtie Destaw , Sema Tirusew , Abdilahi Ziad
Published: October 2023

Haemophilus influenzae is one of the causative agent of invasive bacterial pathogens that affects both children and adults. Haemophilus influenzae is a pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus and it is a common commensal of the upper respiratory tract. It is a human-only pathogen that can cause severe invasive diseases. These bacterial infections can range from mild, such as ear infections, to severe, such as bloodstream infections. The infections typically affect children younger than 5 years old and old age person older than 65 years. They also affect people who are immunocompromised, such as those with certain medical conditions. The highest incidence rates of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease have recently been discovered in various nations, including North America, Canada, and parts of Europe. In order to monitor the evolving nature of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease critically reviewed data is required to capture the true status of invasiveness of the Haemophilus influenza disease. Developing new vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae is a potential solution to protect some vulnerable populations against the invasive disease due to this bacterial species. This review article thoroughly investigates recent and up-to-date biomedical science perspective development, innovation, findings, publications and current areas of scientific interest and gap including pathogenicity, diagnosis, multidrug-resistance, Molecular characterization and genetic evolution, epidemiology and immunological characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae, including specific current issues that are affecting the research and development of vaccines to treat Haemophilus influenzae non-serotype b diseases and providing insight into how these problems may be overcome.
Unveiling the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of food scraps extracts: Comparative study
Authors: Gueddari L. El , Boudkhili M. , Laghrib F. , Er-rahmani S. , Miyah Y. , Kherbeche A.
Published: October 2023

The first aim of this research is to develop natural antioxidants derived from plant byproducts for the use in food preservation. In this regard, the antioxidant activities of eight or so fruit and vegetable extracts were investigated. After chemical extraction, the highest contents of polyphenols (92.930 ± 0.047 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (12.060 ± 0.093 mg QE/g) were obtained with eggplant peel and calyx extract. Cardoon leaf and stem, cabbage leaf, pomegranate peel, fava peel, pea peel, mandarin peel, beetroot leaf, and stem showed total polyphenol content ranging from 34.167 ± 0.178 to 86.400 ± 0.533 mg GAE/g. The antioxidant activity using DPPH test showed that the vegetable extract eggplant has higher activity compared to the other extracts, which is close to the synthetic antioxidant (BHT) with an IC50 of 7.313 ± 0.733 µg/ml. On the other hand, statistically significant relationships between total phenolic and antioxidant activity were also observed.
Zur „Spontaneität des Menschen“
Authors: Barberi Alessandro , Iske Stefan
Published: October 2023

In diesem Beitrag wird das Theoriegebäude in Dieter Baackes Kommunikation und Kompetenz (KuK) 50 Jahre nach seinem Erscheinen im Jahr 1973 rekapituliert, um im Sinne einer Handlungsorientierten Medienpädagogik seine Aktualität herauszuarbeiten. In diesem Zusammenhang liegt – neben Baackes Rezeption von Kybernetik und Systemtheorie – eine Theorie kommunikativen Handelns im Hinblick auf kommunikative Kompetenz vor, deren Annahme einer „Spontaneität des Menschen“ auch mit einer Anthropologie des homo educandus als homo communicator korrespondiert. Im Blick auf die „pragmatische Dimension der Zeichenübertragung“ (Baacke) plädieren wir in diesem Kontext aus der Perspektive der Medienpädagogik auch für die Entwicklung einer künftigen Hermeneutik des Digitalen.
Medienpädagogische Professionalisierung von Erwachsenenbildenden
Authors: Fischer Anke
Published: October 2023

Bei diesem Beitrag handelt es sich um eine aktualisierte und gekürzte Version der Masterarbeit der Autorin zum Thema „Medienpädagogische Professionalisierung von Erwachsenenbildenden“. Die Qualifikationsarbeit wurde im Rahmen des Studiengangs Erwachsenenbildung/Weiterbildung verfasst.Die medienpädagogische Professionalisierung hat aufgrund des digitalen Wandels an Bedeutung gewonnen. Erwachsenenbildende benötigen eine ausgeprägte medienpädagogische Kompetenz sowie ein professionelles Selbstverständnis. Nur so können sie die Medienkompetenz von Erwachsenen, die für eine selbstbestimmte Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft notwendig ist, fördern und ihre Angebote mediendidaktisch aufbereiten. In der Praxis zeigt sich, dass die medienpädagogische Professionalisierung den Erwachsenenbildenden in der Regel selbst überlassen wird und diese eine Nebenrolle einnimmt. Im Gegensatz zur Mediendidaktik wird die Medienkompetenzförderung in der Erwachsenenbildung kaum berücksichtigt und die Anzahl von Angeboten zur Medienkompetenzförderung sollte erhöht werden. Für die Förderung sind insbesondere handlungsorientierte Ansätze, wie das medienpädagogische Making, sinnvoll.Im Beitrag werden, neben der Betrachtung theoretischer Grundlagen, die Ergebnisse einer eigenen Studie berichtet. Untersucht wurde die medienpädagogische Professionalisierung von drei Personen, die Making-Angebote für Erwachsene betreuen. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die medienpädagogische Professionalisierung von handlungsleitenden Orientierungen bedingt ist. Es konnten homologe Orientierungen bei den untersuchten Fällen festgestellt werden, die unabhängig voneinander ausgebildet wurden. Zu diesen gehören die Handlungsorientierung, die Orientierung am Menschen, die Orientierung an Offenheit, Kommunikation und Freiheit sowie die Community-Orientierung.
Handlungsfähigkeit durch, trotz und gegenüber (Big) Data und KI
Authors: Reusch Benedikt
Published: October 2023

In der zugrundeliegenden Masterarbeit wurde das Verhältnis von Big Data und Handlungsfähigkeit untersucht und die Ausführungen werden hier mit Blick auf aktuelle sozio-technologische Entwicklungen rund um sogenannte KI-Techniken erweitert. Ziel ist es, aus medienpädagogischer Perspektive die Potentiale, Begrenzungen und Bedingungen von bzw. für Handlungsfähigkeit angesichts der zunehmenden Bedeutung von Big Data und KI-Technik in digitalisierten Lebenswelten zu bestimmen. Neben der analytischen Fragestellung steht noch das normative Ziel, die Wechselwirkungen zwischen dem Konzept der Handlungsfähigkeit des Subjekts und Big Data bzw. KI zu verstehen, um die gesellschaftliche Handlungsfähigkeit der Subjekte erhalten und vertiefen zu können. Zu diesem Zweck wird Big Data multiperspektivisch im Rahmen des Frankfurt-Dreiecks anhand der fachwissenschaftlichen Literatur betrachtet und anschließend werden die Implikationen für Handlungsfähigkeit herausgearbeitet.
Notes on Two Rare Species of Brachyuran Crabs (Families Matutidae and Parthenopidae) From Indonesian Waters with New Distribution Records
Authors: Nisfa Hanim  , Ali Suman  , Duranta Diandria Kembaren  , Dyah Perwitasari  , Yusli Wardiatno  , Achmad Farajallah
Published: October 2023

Several species of brachyuran crabs in Indonesian waters have not been reported since almost 100 years ago. This research reports a brachyuran crab that is rarely found and one new record in Indonesian waters. This study was conducted in the waters of southern Aru Island and the Malacca Strait using trawls during a cruise held by the Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia.. Our findings were Izanami reticulata, a new record (family Matutidae) from southern Aru Island, and Cryptopadia fornicata (family Parthenopidae) from the Malacca Strait. The two locations are close to where the species were found in previous studies: the Arafura Sea, which is adjacent to the Aru Islands, and the Malacca Strait, which is adjacent to Borneo. It is suspected that the presence of these two species in Indonesia is due to their distribution through sea currents during the pelagic larval stage. This article also provides the specific habitat for both species in Indonesia, which was previously unknown. In addition, this article contributes to strengthening Indonesia as a mega-biodiversity country with an initial compilation of a database of Brachyura in its waters.
Morphometrics and Structural Changes of “Terung Asam” Sarawak (Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal) During Growth and Development
Authors: Albert Ting Koon Soon  , Phebe Ding  , Shiamala Devi Ramaiya
Published: October 2023

“Terung asam” Sarawak (Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal) is an underutilised fruit vegetable. Information on the fruit growth is very lacking. Thus, this study was conducted to characterise fruit growth pattern based on physical characters and cellular structures. Data were recorded weekly from fruit set until senescence. All the morphological growth of “terung asam” fruit exhibits a single sigmoid growth pattern that fitted well to logistic model. There are three distinct phases of growth, i.e., S1, S2 and S3. At S1, the size of fruit cells was small without intercellular spaces. As fruit grew to S2, cell size increased with distinct vascular tissues. By S3, fruit has achieved its maximum size with green peel turn to yellow and finally golden yellow at late S3. Cuticle and two types of trichomes formed the outer layer of fruit. The thickness of fruit exocarp increased while density of trichomes decreased as fruit developed.
Klasifikasi Penyakit Jantung Menggunakan Algoritma Analisis Diskriminan Linier
Authors: Rashad Ibnu , Isnanto R Rizal , Widodo Catur Edi
Published: October 2023

The number of documented deaf people continues to increase. To communicate with each other, the deaf use sign language. The problem arises when Muslims with hearing impairment or deafness need to recite the Al-Quran. Muslims recite Al-Quran using their voice, but for the deaf, there are no available means to do the reciting. Thus, learning hijaiyah letters using finger gestures is considered important to develop. In this study, we use the recognition of hijaiyah letters based on pictures as the learning model. The real-time-based recognition then uses the learning model. This study uses 4 CNN pre-trained models, namely MnetV2, VGG16, ResNet50, and Xception. The learning process shows that MnetV2, VGG16, and Xception reach the accuracy limit of 99.85% in 2, 3, and 11 s, respectively. Meanwhile, ResNet50 cannot reach the accuracy limit after processing 100 s. ResNet50 achieves 82.12% accuracy. The testing process shows that MnetV2, VGG16, and ResNet50 achieve 100% precision, recall, f1-score, and accuracy. ResNet50 shows figures 81.55%, 86.04%, 82.04%, and 82.58%. The implementing process of the learning outcomes from MnetV2 shows good performance for recognizing finger shapes in real-time.
Uma análise sobre os refugiados, imigrantes e os atores não governamentais, como mecanismo para a efetivação dos direitos da personalidade no município de Maringá-PR, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Daniela Menengoti Gonçalves , Scipioni Lorenzo Pazini
Published: October 2023

É da natureza humana a busca por uma melhor qualidade de vida para si e seus familiares, podendo ocorrer por processos saudáveis e opcionais de migração, ou então por busca de refúgio, quando a vida dos indivíduos em questão corre risco. O constante aumento de conflitos armados pelo mundo tornou o Brasil um centro de referência para acolhimento de refugiados, principalmente por sua legislação acolhedora. Entretanto, o Estado, em suas diversas esferas, não consegue atender à crescente demanda. Portanto, o objetivo da pesquisa é discorrer acerca da migração no país com enfoque para o município de Maringá-PR, e discutir sobre a atuação do terceiro setor nas últimas décadas para causas sociais e sua influência na consolidação dos direitos personalíssimos dos refugiados. Os métodos de pesquisa utilizados foram o bibliográfico (quanto ao procedimento), exploratório (quanto aos objetivos), e o dedutivo (quanto à abordagem), concluindo que tanto o auxílio direto pelo terceiro setor aos refugiados e imigrantes, como também o intermédio entre o solicitante de refúgio e o governo, são fundamentais para a efetivação de seus direitos.
Our Museum of Colonialism: Indigenous Representations of Museography in the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Londoño Díaz Wilhelm
Published: October 2023

This article is a philosophical exploration of the logic of colonial object collection by Kogui communities in northern Colombia. As revealed in a recent publication, some elders of the Kogui community of the northern slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta preserved what could be an ax and a sword used in the conquest campaigns of the region, which occurred in the first decades of the sixteenth century. The information collected on this practice of artifact conservation was gathered within the framework of a series of conversations with leaders of this Indigenous community in northern Colombia that took place between 2018 and 2019. In these conversations, the logic of conserving these objects in the framework of the Indigenous social movement's political project was specified. In this case study, we first review the analytical tools that allow us to shift our attention from the classical theories of how museums, archeology, and history are defined. Then, we present the Kogui case, which questions the hegemonic narratives of regional history.
uso das tecnologias digitais de vigilância na pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de , Röder Elisângela dos Santos Faustino , Carvalho Flávia da Silva
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo queremos discutir o uso das tecnologias digitais de vigilância durante a pandemia de Covid19. Faz-se uma crítica e investigam-se as possibilidades democráticas. O uso das tecnologias é uma característica das sociedades contemporâneas. Entre os usos, vigilância sobre indivíduos. Questiona-se tanto a abordagem de que as tecnologias – como forças produtivas – são neutras, quanto aquelas que as consideram essencialmente positivas ou perversas. Há destaque para a crítica humanística, que subordina o uso das tecnologias à dignidade humana. Indica-se a democracia deliberativa como modo de compor liberdade e interesses comunitários.
Some Remarks on the Tradition of the “„Viennese School of International Law” in the Context of its Historical Evolution
Authors: Lech Marcin
Published: October 2023

The article is based on some remarks on the tradition of the so-called Viennese School of International Law analysed by its main historical stages of evolution from its beginnings until today. The Viennese School is presently one of the world’s oldest professional schools in international law. It was and is represented by highly reputable scholars with outstanding achievements. Their determination for teaching, research, including an excellent publication record and its international reputation has a special focus on has  a multidisciplinary nature. These are the main parameters of this School. The sources of research are fields related to the legal sciences, especially of the history of teaching and research of international law in Vienna, international relations, sociology and, above all, philosophy. Thus, the School has been valued throughout the world by many scholars of other different schools. The community combining contemporary and modern lawyers, followers and supporters of   the Viennese School of International Law, has never had the same interests or common beliefs. However, they share a common method of theoretical thinking and common methodological approaches in the field of  international law. Therefore, today the main task of dealing with the objective of the Viennese School of International Law is primarily to strive to understand international law as a separate kind of normative order in a multidisciplinary context.
Comprehensive Goals, Role and Duties of a Dental Chairside Assistant
Authors: Khandelwal Deepak , Kalra Namita
Published: October 2023

The role of a dental assistant is to help the dentist in carrying out dental
treatment efficiently. The name suggests that he is an assistant, but his importance
cannot be neglected as he plays a pivotal role in the smooth functioning of a dental
clinic. So a well-trained dental assistant is critical for well-organized and hassle-free
working of the dentist. Thus, the training of an assistant is important and discussed in
the chapter.
Role of Dental Chairside Assistant in Minor Surgery
Authors: Bhagol Amrish
Published: October 2023

In order to become a good chairside assistant, it is important to understand
the basic fundamentals of oral surgery. The dental chairside assistant helps to save
time, improve communications and handle emergencies. He/she is crucial in care and
sterilization of instruments. This chapter provides a framework for learning the basic
skills of assisting in minor oral surgery procedures.
Role of Dental Chairside Assistant in Orthodontics
Authors: Sharma Rekha
Published: October 2023

The role of chairside assistant is especially important in the speciality of
orthodontics as many of the important orthodontic steps, like bonding and banding,
require precision and are to be managed within the limited time period . A well-trained
orthodontic chairside assistant is a great boon to an orthodontist in achieving that high
level of precision and quality results . Therefore, it is essential that the assistant is well
versed with the armamentarium and procedures, many of which are unique to the
speciality of orthodontics. The chapter will be helpful to an orthodontic chairside
assistant
In silico study of Impatiens balsamina L. for the screening of bioactive compounds as novel matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibitor against photoaging
Authors: Fujiyanti Sindi , Nurcholis Mochamad
Published: October 2023

Photoaging is skin aging caused by exposure to UV rays, which increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). The photoaging process is related to the degradation of collagen types I and III in the extracellular matrix by MMP-1, which causes wrinkles on the skin. MMP-1 inhibitors from natural products have the potency as anti-photoaging. This study aims to screen the potency of bioactive compounds from Impatiens balsamina L. as MMP-1 inhibitors through in silico studies. The best test ligands were selected based on bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and molecular docking tests against the target protein MMP-1 (PDB ID: 1HFC) compared to that of control ligands (PLH and doxycycline). Peonidin, kaempferol, and pelargonidin were selected as the best test ligands because they accomplish the characteristics of bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Based on molecular docking results, those test ligands have better binding affinity than that of control ligands, as indicated by rerank scores of -108.807 kcal/mol, -99.9796 kcal/mol, and -98.9128 kcal/mol, respectively. Those test ligands also formed the same interactions with control ligands at residues Ala182, Asn180, Glu219, and Leu181. The results suggest peonidin, kaempferol, and pelargonidin were candidates for anti-photoaging agents through MMP-1 inhibition.
The effect of utilizing palm oil brown sugar and red chili extract (Capsicum annuum L.) in the production of sweet and spicy palm kernel meal sauce
Authors: Sinaga Hotnida , Nurminah Mimi , Abira Rajagukguk Olivia
Published: October 2023

Palm kernel meal is a by-product of palm oil processing that is abundant and has not been optimally utilized. This study aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating palm oil brown sugar and red chilies in the production of palm kernel meal (PKM) sauce for improving desirable physical, chemical, and organoleptic qualities. This research began with palm kernel meal fermentation to optimize the quality of palm kernel meal. Then, koji and moromi were fermented and followed by the cooking of palm kernel meal sauce. This study employed a completely randomized factorial design, with two factors: palm oil brown sugar concentration (60%, 75%, and 95%) and red chili concentration (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). The results showed that the interaction between palm oil brown sugar concentrations and red chili extract concentrations had a significant different effect (P<0.01) on ºHue, a*, b*, total soluble solids (TSS), protein, vitamin C, sensory attributes (i.e., aroma, taste, viscosity). While non-significant (P>0.05) effects were found on the value of L color, pH, reducing sugars, color, and general acceptance of palm kernel meal sauce.
The technical and financial feasibility analysis of art paper production from betel nut husk fibre and paper waste
Authors: Ihwah Azimmatul , Atsari Dewi Ika , Yulis Setyawan Hendrix , Puteri Yuscandra Erina Permata
Published: October 2023

Art paper made of betel nut husk fibre and paper waste is one example of an innovative product. Therefore, an analysis of the technical and financial feasibility of this innovation needed to be conducted. This research aimed to determine the technical and financial feasibility of the production business of art paper from betel nut husk fibre and paper waste. The technical aspect will focus on the technology utilized, primary raw material and additional raw material, production capacity, and any workforce involved in the business. Meanwhile, the financial aspect will emphasize the calculation of the Main Production Cost (MPC), Break Even Point (BEP), Business Efficiency (R/C Ratio), Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The calculation result of the feasibility analysis shows that Production Cost (HPP) is IDR 12,786.00, BEPunit is 9,271 paper sheet, BEP (IDR) is IDR 148,326,906.00, R/C Ratio is 1.56, PP will be for 2.2 years, NPV is IDR 2,078,713,958.00, and IRR is 68.36%. Based on this result, this business on betel nut husk fibre and paper-based waste art paper is considered worth running.
Kombinasi Ampas Jamu dan Asam Jawa Terhadap Mikrobiologi dan Kualitas Nutrisi Pakan Itik Pedaging
Authors: Anastasia Rica Silvi , Sjofjan Osfar , Hamiyanti Adelina Ari
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kandungan nutrisi dan mikrobiologi perbandingan antara ampas jamu dan acidifier asam jawa. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ampas jamu dan acidifier asam jawa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisa laboratorium dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Isolat bakteri yang digunakan yaitu Bakteri Asam Laktat, E. coli, dan Salmonella sp. Penelitian ini terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari: P1: isolat bakteri + ampas jamu, P2: isolat bakteri + asam jawa, P3: isolat bakteri + campuran ampas jamu dan asam jawa 1:1, P4: isolat bakteri + campuran ampas jamu dan asam jawa 1:2, P5: isolat bakteri + campuran ampas jamu dan asam jawa 2:1. Variabel yang diamati yaitu daya hambat bakteri dan kandungan nutrisi antara ampas jamu dan acidifier asam jawa. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisa Anova dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan apabila terdapat perbedaan yang nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap daya hambat bakteri. Perlakuan P5 menunjukkan zona daya hambat bakteri tertinggi terhadap pertumbuhan Salmonella yaitu sekitar 7,6 mm dan 8,3 mm terhadap bakteri E. coli.
Insights into variations of seasonal and daily soil temperatures under the effect of biocrusts in central-western Argentina
Authors: Navas Romero Ana Laura , Herrera Moratta Mario , Martínez-Carretero Eduardo , Vento Barbara , Fernández-Belmonte María C.
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims: Biocrusts play an essential role on the earth’s surface and have a direct influence on soil parameters. Their effects on soil temperature are considered one of the most important because they affect ecological and hydrological processes, as well as the diversity of natural ecosystems. Although there are several studies concerning biocrust effects on the soil surface, investigations about the effect of the biocrust on soil temperature are still scarce. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of biocrusts on soil temperature conditions in drylands of central-western Argentina. Methods: Temperature values were recorded in the Monte phytogeographic region in the central-western part of Argentina, in three sites, during the dry and wet seasons in 2017-2018. We collected samples from a total of 30 randomly selected plots. We recorded daily temperatures values in two paired plots with crusted and uncrusted zones using a calibrated data logger Ibutton. The sampling took 18 days in total, three days on each site.Key results: Our results indicate that biocrusts produce a change in micro-soil temperatures. Areas in which biocrusts are present show a temperature reduction both in the wet and dry seasons. This effect is observed in the three studied sites. Temperature reduction varies according to the time of the day, study site and season. The morning, noon, and afternoon recorded the highest mean temperatures.Conclusions: The presence of biocrusts reduces soil temperatures in drylands of central-western Argentina. Large differences in mean temperature values between crusted and uncrusted zones were observed. The thermal reduction was more notorious in the hyper-arid site. How they affect their surrounding environment can be related to multiple factors, such as the composition of the microphytic community, the local climate and environmental conditions.
Penerapan aljabar linear pada transformasi Wavelet Diskrit dalam program aplikasi keamanan citra digital
Authors: Rahmawati Miftah Sigit , Soekarta Rendra
Published: October 2023

Perkembangan teknologi informasi pada saat ini mengubah cara masyarakat dalam berkomunikasi atau bertukar data dan informasi satu sama lain. Pertukaran data dan informasi saat ini tidak hanya berupa teks, melainkan juga dapat berupa gambar, audio, dan video dan dapat disimpan secara digital.  Data dan informasi  yang dimiliki termasuk salah satu barang berharga yang perlu dijaga dan diamankan. Pada umumnya untuk melakukan pengkodean suatu citra, harus mengubah citra tersebut dari suatu domain ke domain yang lain, proses ini disebut transformasi. Metode yang banyak digunakan dalam transformasi ini antara lain Transformasi Cosinus Diskrit, Transformasi Fourier, dan transformasi Wavelet. Dari Ketiga jenis transformasi tersebut, transformasi Wavelet memberikan hasil yang paling baik, hal ini dikarenakan Wavelet memberikan informasi tentang kombinasi skala dan frekuensi serta membutuhkan memori yang kecil. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan basis Haar dengan sifat orthogonal dan orthogonal, serta ruang Hilbert dengan hasil kali dalam pada transformasi wavelet diskrit dalam program aplikasi keamanan citra digital.
Aplikasi penghitungan waris dan Kitab Faraidh berbasis android menggunakan metode Tashih Al - Masail
Authors: Sumantri Eka , Sholihati Ira Diana , Nathasia Novi Dian
Published: October 2023

Dari tahun ke tahun, sering terjadi masalah tentang pembagian harta warisan yang berakibat perselisihan diantara ahli waris, bahkan bisa berakibat kematian dari salah satu pihak ahli waris tersebut. Dari sekian banyak kasus yang ada, pada umumnya terjadi karena akibat pengetahuan masyarakat yang kurang luas tentang ilmu pembagian warisan , atau sering disebut dengan ilmu faraidh. Dengan dilatarbelakangi permasalahan tersebut penulis berinisiatif untuk membuat aplikasi yang dapat mengurangi masalah tersebut dan mengikuti perkembangan zaman yang terus berkembang pesat, yaitu dengan membuat aplikasi perhitungan waris dan kitab faraidh pada perangkat bergerak (mobile device) berbasis android dengan menggunakan metode Tashih Al-Masail . Aplikasi dapat berjalan di sistem Android 2.2 sampai 5.0 yang dapat digunakan untuk menghitung pembagian waris dalam Islam. Dalam menentukan ahli waris, pengguna tidak perlu menulis atau menghafalkan bagian waris, sistem sudah menyediakan ahli waris dan bagiannya di dalam aplikasi ini, sehingga dapat membantu dalam melakukan penghitungan harta waris secara otomatis.
Peningkatan hasil belajar matematika kerucut melalui sistem kelas IX-D SMP Patra Dharma 2 Balikpapan
Authors: Sejati Wahyuni Awal
Published: October 2023

Guru memegang peran penting untuk dapat mendesain proses pembelajaran bermakna dan menarik sehingga proses pembelajaran matematika lebih menyenangkan, memotivasi, meningkatkan minat belajar, dan siswa lebih mudah memahami konsep-konsep matematika. Pada era revolusi industri 4,0 guru dapat memperkaya wawasan untuk menggunakan dan memanfaatkan media (elektronik) dalam proses pembelajaran, dan mampu berpikir lintas disiplin ilmu pengetahuan. STEM adalah pendekatan interdisipliner menuntut siswa mampu menganalisa dan berpikir kreatif dalam mengolah data dan menyelesaikan suatu masalah di kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan guru mata pelajaran sebagai peneliti bersama teman sejawat sebagai observer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan kreativitas siswa kelas IX-D SMP Patra Dharma 2 Balikpapan. Data hasil belajar diperoleh melalui lembar observasi sikap kreativitas dan lembar kerja kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Peningkatan hasil belajar diperoleh melalui tes hasil belajar, lembar pekerjaan dan lembar penilaian diri sedangkan peningkatan sikap kreativitas diamati melalui lembar pengamatan. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX-D semester I tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Tindakan yang dilakukan menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis STEM materi kerucut. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data berupa; lembar observasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis STEM, angket respon siswa, tes tertulis, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ratarata hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari siklus I (63,03) dengan ketuntasan 45,16% ke siklus II (77,42) dengan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 82,32%. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa sikap kreativitas siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I (50,27%) ke siklus II (61,31%). Pembelajaran matematika berbasis STEM dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika dan kreativitas siswa.
Peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi pecahan menggunakan kertas lipat
Authors: Putri Heninda Ashma Nur Hanifah , Azizah Naila Hayu
Published: October 2023

Perkembangan IPTEK pada era globalisasi sangat pesat, tetapi menurut Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) bahwa di Indonesia belum dapat mengikuti perkembangan IPTEK dikarenakan pemahaman terhadap suatu ilmu yang masih kurang maksimal. Salah satunya adalah matematika. Ilmu matematika bersifat abstrak, oleh karena itu diperlukan bantuan untuk mengkontruksi ilmu matematika tersebut. Siswa kelas IV SDN Sayidan mengalami kesulitan dalam mempelajari materi pecahan. Hal itu dikarenakan berdasarkan fakta dalam pembelajaran hanya terjadi komunikasi satu arah dari guru saja, selain itu berdasarkan pengamatan terdapat 75% siswa yang belum mencapai Ketuntasan Belajar Minimal (KBM). Sehingga diperlukan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk mengatasi suatu permasalahan atau memperbaiki suatu pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Dengan menggunakan alat peraga matematika siswa dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi pecahan. Alat peraga matematika yang digunakan adalah kertas lipat karena mudah didapatkan dan mudah digunakan. Alat peraga kertas lipat akan memberikan gambaran kepada siswa dan mampu memberikan kreativitas bagi siswa. Hasil penelitian ini dilihat dari nilai siswa sesudah menggunakan alat peraga tersebut. Sebanyak 6 orang siswa dari 8 siswa kelas IV SDN Sayidan mampu menguasai materi pecahan dengan bantuan alat peraga kertas lipat, dengan persentase sesuai standar sekolah yaitu siswa mencapai ≤ ??% nilai siswa mencapai Ketuntasan Belajar Minimal (KBM).
Analisis jalur kritis terhadap tata operasi darat di Bandar Udara A
Authors: Septiana Septiana
Published: October 2023

Seiring perkembangan zaman serta kemajuan teknologi dan industri, masyarakat membutuhkan hal yang instan dan cepat. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak masyarakat lebih memilih pesawat terbang dibandingkan moda transportasi lain yang memakan waktu lebih lama. Namun akan menjadi masalah jika keberangkatan pesawat tersebut ditunda. Ditundanya keberangkatan suatu pesawat salah satunya dapat disebabkan oleh tata operasi darat yang kurang optimal. Tata operasi darat adalah proses penanganan penumpang, bagasi, kargo, dan pos di bandara oleh petugas maskapai penerbangan yang dimulai dari proses embarkasi hingga proses debarkasi. Tata operasi darat dapat dipandang sebagai suatu proyek yaitu serangkaian aktivitas yang dilaksanakan untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu. Dalam keberjalanan suatu proyek, perlu diketahui waktu pengerjaan proyek, sehingga proyek tersebut dapat dijalankan secara optimal. Analisis jalur kritis merupakan salah satu metode untuk menentukan waktu pengerjaan proyek serta aktivitas mana yang masuk ke dalam kategori kritis. Kategori kritis adalah kategori aktivitas yang jika aktivitas tersebut terlambat maka dapat mengakibatkan keseluruhan proyek menjadi terlambat. Pada makalah ini akan digunakan metode critical path analysis untuk menentukan jalur kritis tata operasi darat serta waktu paling lama yang dibutuhkan agar proyek tata operasi darat selesai. Setelah dilakukan penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa pengangkutan bagasi / kargo / pos merupakan aktivitas yang paling sering masuk ke dalam kategori kritis. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar tata operasi darat industri penerbangan di Indonesia menajdi lebih optimal.
MENGENAL BUDAYA BANGSA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Chrissanti Maria Isabella
Published: October 2023

Bangsa Indonesia merupakan bangsa besar dan kaya akan nilai-nilai luhur budaya bangsa yang telah diwariskan oleh para leluhur sejak abad-abad sebelumnya. Kekayaan budaya yang luhur tersebut akan tetap menjadi milik bangsa Indonesia apabila keberlangsungannya senantiasa terjaga dari generasi ke generasi. Gelombang tren dari bangsa-bangsa lain melalui musik, film, gaya berpakaian, hingga kuliner yang muncul belakangan ini menjadikan generasi muda Indonesia lebih familiar dengan budaya bangsa asing dibanding dengan budaya lokal. Hal tersebut berpotensi menjadikan budaya bangsa ini lebih asing dibanding budaya asing di tanah air sendiri. Melalui kajian teori, tulisan ini bertujuan membahas upaya pengenalan nilai-nilai budaya bangsa Indonesia melalui kegiatan pembelajaran, khusunya pembelajaran matematika. Simpulan dari tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika berbasis budaya dengan memanfaatkan konsep etnomatematika dapat dijadikan salah satu opsi dalam upaya mengenalkan budaya bangsa Indonesia kepada siswa.
Penyederhanaan Rational Distance Problem dengan Pendekatan Geometri Analitik
Authors: Prasetia Yasin
Published: October 2023

Salah satu masalah yang belum terpecahkan dalam teori bilangan dan geometri adalah rational distance problem. Masalah ini pertama kali dipublikasikan oleh Richard K. Guy dalam bukunya yang berjudul Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, yaitu dalam bidang yang sama dengan suatu persegi satuan, apakah terdapat suatu titik yang berjarak rasional terhadap keempat titik sudut persegi tersebut. Paper ini tidak bertujuan membuktikan atau menyanggah keberadaan titik ini, namun paper ini bertujuan mengkaji dan menemukan kasus spesifik mengenai masalah ini. Dalam paper ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan geometri analitik, prinsip paritas, dan kongruensi modulo. Kontruksi dibangun pada bidang kartesius dengan mengasumsikan terdapat suatu titik P(a,b) di dalam atau di luar persegi satuan dengan koordinat (0,0), (0,1), (1,0), dan (1,1). Dengan kondisi tersebut, haruslah a dan b rasional. Dengan menggunakan rumus jarak, prinsip paritas, serta kongruensi modulo 4 dan modulo 8, ditemukan bahwa sebagian besar kasus yang mungkin dalam kontruksi ini berakhir dengan kontradiksi. Hasilnya ditemukan satu kasus spesifik tentang keberadaan titik ini yang tidak kontradiksi dengan beberapa fakta yang diperoleh atau dikonstruksikan sebelumnya. Kasus spesifik yang diperoleh adalah persegi satuan dan titik tersebut dapat dikenai suatu transformasi sedemikian sehingga jarak antara titik tersebut terhadap keempat titik sudut persegi satuan yang telah ditransformasi merupakan bilangan ganjil, serta panjang sisi dari persegi setelah ditransformasi merupakan bilangan genap kelipatan 4. Untuk mengkaji kasus spesifik ini lebih lanjut, diperlukan konsep lain seperti konsep Primitive Pythagorean Triple yang dapat dibangun dari dua bilangan asli yang relatif prima beserta sifat-sifatnya dan beberapa kasus khusus yang dapat ditimbulkan akibat hasil yang diperoleh sebelumnya.