bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agent-Based Modelling applied to 5D model of the HIV infection
Authors: Laroum Toufik , Tighiouart Bornia , Redjimi Mohammed
Published: December 2018

This paper proposes a Multi-Agents Model to simulate the phenomenon of the infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Since the HIV was isolated in 1983 and found to be the cause of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in 1984; many studies have been carried out to understand the complex dynamics between the HIV virus and the immune system. The simplest model was the 3D mathematical model. However, the complexity of this phenomenon and the diversity of cells and actors, which affect its evolution, requires the use of new approaches such as multiagents approach that we have applied in this paper. The results of our simulator on the 5D model are promising because they are consistent with biological knowledge’s on this phenomenon.
The proposed approach is well appropriate to the study of population dynamics in general and could help to understand and predict the dynamics of HIV infection.
The Mystique of Writing: Mysticism and the Poetic Theory of Paul Valéry
Authors: Ayres Miriam
Published: December 2018

In his famous Cahiers, the literary crusader Paul Valéry collected thoughts on literature, culture and himself, wrote in an aphoristic style and in an antago- nistic tone reminiscent of Nietzsche, disavowed philosophers and philosophical writing, mocked French literary tradition and extravagantly praised the poetry of Stéphane Mallarmé and the music of Richard Wagner. Dissatisfied with the course of his own poetry, he renounced it for twenty-one years, a period often referred to by his critical readers as the «Great Silence». He never stopped wri- ting, however, and although his ideas on poetry are far from transparent, he appa- rently never had doubts about what literary art should be. He ultimately became obsessed with what he called the essential musical components of poetry, and he thought of the poem as language reduced to perfection. In Analects he writes: «I have an innate horror of the vague; I cannot like what is not clear to me» (1970, ")2). Because he glorifies the poetic process and points to the rigor of writing, he narrates his own «conversion» to poetry and characterizes the task of the poet in a quasi-missionary tone, as if describing a spiritual calling: My intent was never to be a poet... But I have at times chosen to act as if I was one and as good a one as possible, bringing to bear all the attention and all the powers of combination and analysis at my command, so as to penetrate into a poetic state at its purest, without remaining there: as a proof, as a means, as an exercise, as a sacrifice to certain divinities. (qtd. in Grubbs 84; emphasis added)
Poésie, paroles, sens
Authors: Abi Rached Naoum
Published: December 2018

Traduire les sciences ou les connaissances afférentes aux objets d'utilisation quotidienne comme les appareils ménagers, le téléphone portable ou l'ordinateur, obéit à un impératif économique. Dans ce cas de figure, l'inexactitude que com- mettrait un traducteur serait préjudiciable dans la mesure où elle fausserait les don- nées au point d'entraîner un mauvais fonctionnement de I 'appareil pouvant, dans des cas extrêmes, occasionner une catastrophe. Ici, l'opération traduisante se limite à une question terminologique où la marge de confusion, ou d'erreur de traduction de terme à terme, se trouve excessivement réduite, car, pour un même signifié, à un signifiant (x) dans une langue correspond un signifiant (y) dans une autre langue, quel que soit le degré de son expressivité pourvu qu'il soit unanimement compris, accepté ou consacré par l'usage. L 'observation prouve que la préférence va souvent pour l'utilisation d'un terme expressif et/ou imagé, surtout lorsque la chose signifiée n'a pas d'existence dans la langue d'arrivée. Dans cette dernière perspective, il arrive que même l'idée de traduire un terme soit bannie de l'esprit, en particulier dans le domaine alimentaire, comme pour: pizza, couscous ou paella etc. D'autre part, quel problème cela susciterait-il si le mot poubelle se disait en arabe sallat muhmalât, qumâmiyya ou zibâliyya ou autre... pourvu qu'il y ait acceptation, consensus, appropriation, utilisation de l'un ou de l'autre terme? Cette étude n'a pas la prétention de traiter la question de la traduction dans sa globalité, ni de l'épuiser. Beaucoup plus restrictive, elle vise la traduction poétique du français vers l'arabe et inversement, alliant la théorie à la pratique. Aussi, les problématiques, que cette traduction poétique sous-tend, dépassent- elles l'ordre général développé plus haut, sans se démarquer de lui, car elles se limitent à une branche spéciale de la littérature caractérisée par un écheveau de structures tropiques particulières.
La vitalité linguistique de l'amour
Authors: Osseiran Leila
Published: December 2018

Parler d' «amour» d'un point de vue linguistique suppose une optique diffé- rente quoique complémentaire des approches littéraires. Notre but n'est pas de faire double emploi avec la littérature, ni de faire une fiche historique du terme, mais de montrer la vitalité du concept et la malléabilité du signe tant sur le plan phonologique, morpho-syntaxique que sur le plan sémantique et pragmatique. Nous avons choisi de traiter la vitalité de ce signe pour montrer son extrême richesse à la fois dans une dimension diachronique que sur un plan synchro- nique. Nous définissons vitalité comme étant une caractéristique essentielle de ce qui constitue la vie d'un signe tant positivement que négativement. Nous nous attacherons donc à examiner les différentes facettes de ce signe.
An Epistemology of Play: Provocation, Pleasure, Participation and Performance in Ethnographic Fieldwork and Film-making
Authors: Sjöberg Johannes
Published: December 2018

Drawing on previous and ongoing research on ethnofiction films, this article suggests new perspectives on ethnographic fieldwork and film-making, where play stands at the centre of the epistemology. Projective improvisation in ethnofiction shares common denominators with play and especially role play, in which provocation, pleasure and flow motivate the performance. The article presents co-creative role play as a valid ethnographic method, based on the assumption that mimicry gives access to the implicit information of the play world, making it explicit through a reflexive approach.
PRODUTIVIDADE ENERGÉTICA DA MADEIRA DE Tachigali vulgaris POR CLASSE DIAMÉTRICA EM PLANTIOS EXPERIMENTAIS NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Orellana Bruna Bárbara Maciel , Do Vale Ailton Teixeira , Gonçalez Joaquim , Guedes Marcelino Carneiro , Orellana Jorge Breno Palheta , Lima Clarissa Melo
Published: December 2018

Este artigo visa analisar a produtividade energética de dois plantios experimentais de Tachigali vulgaris no Amapá, em ecossistemas e idades distintos, a partir da diferença de classes diamétricas. Foram coletadas 21 árvores (por plantio) distribuídas em 7 classes de diâmetro. Coletaram-se amostras de seções transversais do tronco para analisar a umidade máxima e densidade básica em diferentes posições axiais (base, meio e topo). O poder calorífico superior, densidade energética, materiais voláteis, teor de cinzas e biomassa seca foram analisados por classe diamétrica. Os dados foram avaliados por meio de análise de variância, teste de médias e relações lineares. A média da densidade básica nos plantios foi 581 kg/m³ (cerrado) e 562 kg/m³ (terra-firme). Houve efeito significativo na posição axial apenas no plantio de terra-firme. Somente neste ambiente não houve diferença significativa em materiais voláteis e PCS. No cerrado, a produtividade energética foi superior à terra-firme em todas as classes, devido à diferença de idade e ausência de competição. Em ambos os plantios a produtividade energética foi maior no diâmetro de 22 a 25 cm (classe 4), indicando ser esta a classe diamétrica ideal para colheita da madeira quando o objetivo for o manejo para bioenergia.Palavras-chave: florestas energéticas, biomassa, Tachigali vulgaris, madeira. ENERGETIC DENSITY OF Tachigali vulgaris WOOD BY DIAMETRIC CLASS IN TWO EXPERIMENTAL PLANTS IN THE AMAZON ABSTRACT:This paper aims to analyze the energy productivity of two experimental Tachigali vulgaris plantations in Amapá, in distinct ecosystems and ages, from the difference of diametric classes. 21 trees (by planting) were collected in 7 diameter classes. Samples of cross-sections of the trunk were collected to analyze the maximum moisture and basic density in different axial positions (base, middle and top). The higher heating value, energetic density, volatile materials, ash content and dry biomass were analyzed by diameter class. The data were evaluated through analysis of variance, test of means and linear relations. The means basic density of plantations was 581 kg/m³ (cerrado) and 562 kg/m³ (terra firme). There was a significant effect on the axial position only in the terra-firme planting. Only in this environment there was no significant difference in volatile materials and higher heating value. In the cerrado, the energy productivity was superior to the terra-firme in all the classes, due to the difference of age and absence of competition. In both plantations the energy productivity was higher in the diameter of 22 to 25cm (class 4), indicating that this is the ideal diametric class for harvesting the wood when the objective is the management for bioenergy.Keywords: energy forests, biomass, Tachigali vulgaris, wood.
PRODUÇÃO DE FORRAGEM E DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DE ÁRVORES DE PEQUI EM SISTEMA SILVIPASTORIL
Authors: Favare Henrique Guimarães , Tsukamoto Filho Antonio de Arruda , Abreu Joadil Gonçalvez de , Favare Lilian Guimarães de , Costa Reginaldo Brito da , Pasa Maria Corette , Couto Laércio
Published: December 2018

Objetivou-se determinar a distribuição espacial de árvores nativas de pequi e a produção de pasto na estação seca e chuvosa. Na área de estudo realizou-se o inventário e mapeamento de indivíduos de pequi e sua distribuição espacial foi verificada pelo teste k de Ripley sobre a população total e em função de classes de área de copa. Para a análise do rendimento da matéria seca, foram coletadas amostras de forragem sob a copa das árvores e nas áreas de pastagem a pleno sol, separadas em lâmina de folha, bainha + colmo e material senescente, no final das estações chuvosa e seca. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste F e teste t, ambos com significância de 10%. Foram observadas 139 árvores remanescentes de pequi com área de copa média de 148 m2, distribuídas de modo agregado, com tendência aleatoriedade nas classes de menor e maior área de copa. Na condição sombreada houve incremento de forragem independente das estações estudadas. O sombreamento favorece a produção do pasto nos períodos de seca e chuva, com redução do material senescente.Palavras-chave: Caryocar brasiliensis Camb., teste k de Ripley, pasto sombreado, integração. FORAGE PRODUCTION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PEQUI TREES IN THE SILVIPASTORIL SYSTEM ABSTRACT:The objective was to determine the spatial distribution of pequi native trees and pasture production in dry and rainy seasons. In the study area, the inventory and mapping of pequi individuals was performed and their spatial distribution was verified by the Ripley k test on the total population and as a function of crown area classes For the analysis of the dry matter yield, forage samples were collected under the canopy of the trees and in the pasture areas in full sun, separated in leaf blade, sheath + stem and senescent material, at the end of the rainy and dry seasons. Data were submitted to the F test and t test, both with a significance of 10%. A total of 139 remaining pequi trees with a median canopy area of 148 m2, distributed in an aggregate manner, were observed, with a tendency to randomness in the classes of smaller and larger crown area. In the shaded condition there was increment of forage independent of the studied stations. Shading favors pasture production during periods of drought and rain, with reduction of senescent material.Keywords: Caryocar brasiliensis Camb., Ripley's k test, shaded grass, integration.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO E O BEM-ESTAR SOCIAL NA PERCEPÇÃO DA POPULAÇÃO: O CASO DA FLORESTA NACIONAL DE CARAJÁS
Authors: Santana Antônio Cordeiro de , Santana Ádina Lima de , Oliveira Gilmara Maureline T. S. , Santana Ádamo Lima de , Quaresma Javan Lobato
Published: December 2018

O estudo avaliou a percepção da população da região de Carajás sobre a influência da exploração dos recursos naturais, envolvendo desmatamento e queimadas, urbanização, alteração no clima e preservação da Floresta Nacional de Carajás sobre a economia e o bem-estar da população local. Aplicou-se a análise multivariada para associar um conjunto amplo de variáveis na definição de indicadores representativos das dimensões ambiental e ecológica. Os resultados indicaram que mais de 80% das pessoas entrevistadas afirmaram ter conhecimento sobre a importância da Flona de Carajás para o desempenho das atividades econômicas e do bem-estar da população do seu entorno. Os indicadores das dimensões ambiental e ecológica foram considerados, por mais de 52% dos entrevistados, como de alta importância para compor o valor econômico total da Flona e contribuir para sua preservação e/ou gestão sustentável. Conclui-se que a população local percebe e qualifica os efeitos das mudanças causadas pela ação antrópica sobre os recursos naturais sobre o desempenho da economia e a qualidade de vida das pessoas.Palavras-chave: economia ambiental, serviços ecossistêmicos, unidade de conservação, Floresta Amazônica. THE IMPORTANCE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL WELFARE IN THE POPULATION’S PERCEPTION: THE CASE OF THE CARAJÁS NATIONAL FOREST ABSTRACT:This study evaluates the perceptions of the population residing in the region of Carajás with respect to the natural resource exploitation, deforestation and forest fires, urbanization, climate change and the preservation of the Carajás National Forest, considering the economy and welfare of local the population. Multivariate analysis was applied to associate a wide group of variables with the representative indicators in environmental and ecological dimensions. Interviews with local people indicate that more than 80% of all interviewed are aware of the importance of the Carajás Flona for the development of economic activities and for the population´s welfare in their surroundings. Indicators of environmental and ecological dimensions were regarded by more than 52% of interviewees as being of great importance to the composition the total economic value of Flona and to contribute to preservation or sustainable management. We conclude that the local population adequately perceived and qualified the effects of the changes caused by the anthropic action on the natural resources with respect to the development of economy and the quality of life of the people.Keywords: environmental economics, ecosystem services, conservation unit, Amazon Forest.
The effects of spinosad insecticide to adults of Apis mellifera, Megachile rotundata and Nomia melanderi (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Mayer D. F. , Kovács G. , Brett B. L. , Bisabri B. L.
Published: December 2018

The toxicity of spinosad to adult female bees tended to be least to the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) (LD50 = 0.078 pg/bee), intermediate to the alkali bee (Nomia melanderi) (0.065 pg/bee), and greatest to the alfalfa leafcutter bee (Megachile rotundata (F.)) (0.058 pg/bee), both in topical drop tests and in tests involving spinosad residues on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) foliage. For the calculated LD50 pg/g, the honey bee (LD50 = 0.612 pg/g) was the most susceptible followed by the alkali bee (0.773 pg/g) and the leafcutter bee (1.908 pg/g). The honey bee oral LD50 was 0.063 pg/bee and the calculated LD50 0.492 pg/g. Adding an adjuvant to spinosad sprays did not change the toxicity of spinosad to bees in residue bioassay studies. Spinosad at as high as 500 ppm in feeders containing a sucrose/honey syrup caused no significant reduction in honey bee visitation or total syrup consumed.
ANNUAL CHANGES IN SPECIFIC COMPOSITION AND QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS OF ZOOPLANKON IN LAKE GOLODNAYA GUBA LOWER REACHES OF PECHORA RIVER
Authors: Imanit E.N. , Novosyolov A.P. , Zavisha A.G. , Levitskiy A.L.
Published: December 2018

The article presents the species composition and the quantitative indicators of zooplanktons of the lakeover a 30-year research period. It was found that the zooplankton's community is represented by taxa typical for North-ern reservoirs, including 65 species belonging to 37 genera, 19 families, 5 groups and 3 classes: Rotifera –17, Cladocera –27 and Copepoda –21. According to the dominant number of species, the summer zooplankton com-munity of the lake is characterized as a cladoceran's community. A characteristic feature the structure of the zoo-plankton’s community is the presence of several dominant species, from 10 to 71,6 % of the total population. The given information can be useful in solving issues related to the biological diversity lake's ecosystems in the region, as well as the development of rational use ways fisheries inland's waters of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
Fission, First Person Thought, and Subject-body Dualism
Authors: Ludwig Kirk
Published: December 2018

In “The Argument for Subject Body Dualism from Transtemporal Identity Defended” (2013), Martine Nida-Rümelin (NR) responded to my (Ludwig 2013) criticism of her (2010) argument for subject- body dualism. The crucial premise of her (2010) argument was that there is a factual difference between the claims that in a fission case the original person is identical with one of the successors. I argued that, on the three most plausible interpretations of ‘factual difference’, the argument fails. NR responds that I missed the intended, fourth interpretation, and that the argument on the third interpretation goes through with an additional assumption. I argue that the fourth interpretation, while insufficient as stated, reveals an assumption that provides an argument independently of considerations involving fission cases: in first person thought about future properties we have a positive conception of the self that rules out having empirical criteria of transtemporal identity. However, I argue that the considerations offered for this thesis fail to establish it, and that we do not, in fact, bring ourselves under any positive conception in first person thought, but rather think about ourselves directly and without conceptual mediation. This explains why it appears open in fission cases that the original person is identical with one of the successors, while what is possible is constrained by the actual nature of the self as referred to in first person thought. I argue also, incidentally, that on the third interpretation, the first premise of the argument is inconsistent with the necessity of identity.
Saving the Ship
Authors: Biro John
Published: December 2018

In defending the startling claim that that there are no artifacts, indeed, no inanimate material objects of the familiar sort, Peter van Inwagen has argued that truths about such putative objects can be paraphrased as truths that do not make essential reference to them and that we should endorse only the ontological commitments of the paraphrase. In this note I argue that the paraphrases van Inwagen recommends cannot meet his condition. Read one way, they lose us some truths. Read another, they entail the existence of the very objects they are supposed to rid us of. However, we need not share van Inwagen's distaste for the latter: to say that they exist is not to say that anything exists in addition to the simples composing them.
ISIS DAN STIGMA ISLAMOFOBIA FRAMING TENTANG KONSTRUKSI PEMBERITAAN ISIS DALAM MEDIA ONLINE
Authors: Yuliarti Astinana , Kasnawi Muhammad Tahir , Cangara Hafied
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK ISIS menjadi salah satu isu yang sering diangkat oleh berbagai media online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Menganalisis bagaimana media online mengkonstruksi dan memframing pemberitaan ISIS dalam membentuk stigma Islamofobia di masyarakat. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis framing model Zhandong dan Gerald Kosicki dengan tipe penelitian analisis kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa teks berita ISIS, baik berupa teks, foto maupun gambar dalam portal online Al Jazeera.com, CNN.com, Kompas.com, dan Republika.co.id. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media online Al Jazeera.com, CNN.com, Kompas.com, dan Republika.co.id telah memberikan porsi terhadap pemberitaan ISIS dalam berkontribusi terhadap terbentuknya stigma Islamofobia (Anti-Muslim) di masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian, CNN.com sebagai sebuah media barat kelihatan jelas memberikan porsi pemberitaan yang besar terkait ISIS. Lewat struktur sintaksis dan Retoris media ini, diperoleh gambaran adanya penekanan pemberitaan antara Muslim versus non-Muslim. AlJazeera, sendiri dalam melakukan framing berita ISIS memakai kacamata normatif. Bagaimana Muslim memperoleh imbas yang besar terhadap berbagai pemberitaan yang mengaitkan Islam dan ISIS, sementara media lokal Kompas.com melakukan framing berita berimbang walau pada kenyataan artikel yang dimuat dalam portal tersebut masih mengandung opini. Sedangkan, Portal Republika.co.id, jelas sekali dalam pemberitaanya menggambarkan anti- Amerika dan dunia barat. Republika mengemas berita dengan mengkonstruksinya sehingga pembaca akan terpengaruh bahwa Barat memiliki kebencian kepada Muslim karena agama mereka.
Farklı İki Mesnevide Hz. Muhammed'in Veysel Karanî Övgüsü
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Nuran
Published: December 2018

Bir
kısmı hadislere, önemli bir kısmı ise Attar’ın Tezkiretü’l-Evliya adlı
eserindeki rivayetlere dayanan sonrasında da edebî metinlere dönüşen Veysel
Karanî menkıbesi, dinî-tasavvufî edebiyatın
mühim örnekleri arasında yer alır. Söz konusu menkıbe anonim ve anonim olmayan
metinler halinde günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Bu yazıda biri Dâstân-ı Hazret-i
Veyse’l-Karanî adlı anonimleşmiş mesnevi, diğeri ise 16. yüzyılda Sabâyî’nin
yazdığı Üveysnâme adlı mesnevi olmak üzere menkıbenin örneklerinden iki
temsili metin ele alınmıştır. Bu metinlerde, Veysel Karanî’nin Hz. Muhammed’i olağanüstü bir dille anlattığı
görülecektir. Ancak aynı metinlerde Hz. Muhammed’in de Veysel Karanî’yi aynı ölçüde yüceltişinin
bilindiği ve bu yüceltişin şimdiye kadar dikkatleri çektiği söylenemez. Hâlbuki
dinî-tasavvufî çevrelerde menkıbenin yayılmasında sözü edilen yüceltmenin belirleyici
rol üstlendiği anlaşılmaktadır.

 Bu
makalede seçilmiş olan iki eserden tespit edilmiş örnek beyitlerle Hz. Peygamber ile Veysel Karanî arasındaki söz konusu konumlandırma üzerinde durulmuş
ve sonuçta menkıbe dilinin tarih dili değil sanat dili oluşuna dikkat çekilmiştir.
TÜRK CUMHURİYETLERİNDE ANA DİLİNE İLİŞKİN DİL TUTUMU ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: VARGELEN Hatice , AÇIK Fatma
Published: December 2018

Araştırmada,
Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nde ana dile ilişkin tutumları belirlemeye yönelik ölçek
geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 2016-2017 öğretim yılında TÖMER’lerde
öğrenim gören, Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nden 189 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Yapılan analizler sonucu öğrenci sayısı 174’e indirilmiştir. Ölçek geliştirilmesinde
alanyazın taraması, madde havuzu oluşturma, uzman görüşüne başvurma ve
pilot uygulama süreçleri izlenmiştir.  Açımlayıcı
faktör analizi sonucunda 20 maddeden oluşan ölçek yapısı elde edilmiştir.
Ölçeğin açıkladığı toplam varyans % 64.15’tir. Bu ölçek Türk Cumhuriyetleri’ndeki
üniversite öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır.  Uygulamanın yapıldığı 174 Özbek
öğrenci üzerinden doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış, ölçek modelinin iyi uyum sağladığı
görülmüştür. Böylece, “Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nde Ana Diline İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği”
nin amacına hizmet eden, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu ortaya
koyulmuştur.
KOZAN MUTASARRIF-I ESBAKI MUSA KAZIM’IN KİTAPLARI-I
Authors: GÖÇERİ Nebahat
Published: December 2018

Bu makalenin konusu Musa Kazım,
benzerliğinden dolayı başkaları ile karıştırılmaktadır. Erzurumlu Şeyhülislam
Musa Kazım ile karıştırılmaktadır. Kaynaklarda biyografisi hakkında çok az
bilgi vardır. Musa Kazım Galatasaray Lisesi Fransızca Bölümü’nden mezun
olmuştur. Kastamonu ve Ankara liselerinde öğretmenlik yapmıştır. Kozan’da
mutasarrıf olarak çalışmıştır. Biz Musa Kazım'ın kitap ve makalelerini tespit
ettik. Musa Kazım'ın altı basılı kitabı vardır. Bazı kitapları çeşitli
nedenlerle basılmamış. Basılı makaleleri ise Tarih-i Osmani Encümeni Mecmuası
(TOEM) yayınlanmıştır. Musa Kazım’ın ana ilgi alanı tarih felsefesidir. Ancak
psikoloji ve pedagoji konularıyla da bir zaruret sonucu ilgilenmiştir.
Compact Totally Real Minimal Submanifolds in a Bochner-Kaehler Manifold
Authors: KÜÇÜKARSLAN YÜZBAŞI Zühal , BEKTAŞ Mehmet , YILDIRIM YILMAZ Münevver
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we establish the following results: Let $M$ be an $% m-$dimensional compact totally real minimal submanifold immersed in a locally symmetric Bochner-Kaehler manifold $\tilde{M}$ with Ricci curvature bounded from below. Then either $M$ is a totally geodesic or \begin{equation*} \inf r\leq \frac{1}{2}\left( \frac{1}{2}m\left( m-1\right) \tilde{k}-\frac{1% }{3}\left( m+1\right) \tilde{c}\right), \end{equation*}% where $r$ is the scalar curvature of $M.$
Holditch-Type Theorem for Non-Linear Points in Generalized Complex Plane $\mathbb{C}_{p}$
Authors: ERİŞİR Tülay , GÜNGÖR Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2018

The generalized complex number system and generalized complex plane were studied by Yaglom [22], [23] and Harkin [7]. Moreover, Holditch-type theorem for linear points in $\mathbb{C}_{p}$ were given by Eri\c{s}ir et al. [6]. The aim of this paper is to find the answers of the questions ''How is the polar moments of inertia calculated for trajectories drawn by non-linear points in $\mathbb{C}_{p}$?'', ''How is Holditch-type theorem expressed for these points in $\mathbb{C}_{p}$?'' and finally ''Is this paper a new generalization of [6]?''.
An Arbitrary Order Differential Equations on Times Scale
Authors: HARİKRİSHNANA S. , İBRAHİM Rabha , KANAGARAJAN K.
Published: December 2018

Here existence and stability results of $\psi$-Hilfer fractional differential equations on time scales is obtained. Here sufficient condition for existence and uniqueness of solution by using Schauder's fixed point theorem (FPT) and Banach FPT is produced. In addition, generalized Ulam stability of the proposed problem is also discussed. problem.
Protecting Vietnam’s territorial waters - studying from the perspective of management and exploitation (from 1975 to now)
Authors: Pham Tram Ngoc
Published: December 2018

Sea and islands of Vietnam are considered a gateway for exchange and development of socio-economic to the countries in the region and the world. Nowadays, the strong development of science and technology has helped people with great resources and documents on Vietnamese sea and islands. It has been their values and strategic location that have made the countries, subjectively and objectively, want to have immediate ownership of this sea area, especially Hoang Sa and Truong Sa islands group. Today, this East Ocean of Vietnam is the place that causes controversial disputes by countries like the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Taiwan, China and Vietnam. Therefore, this region is a hot political spot for all disputing parties. In this complex context, to protect owner right, the Vietnamese party and State have taken actions, both flexible and strong, to declare Vietnamese's right over the East Sea areas. Vietnamese State also has implemented some important policies in managementto and exploitation of Vietnamese sea and islands.
The relationship between government, market and enterprises in Vietnam
Authors: Ha Dao Thi Thieu
Published: December 2018

This article analyses the reality relationship among government, market and enterprises in Vietnam in the period of 1996-2012. We find out that: (i) the effectiveness of government indicators such as ease of doing business index, the economic freedom index, the government effectiveness indicators (belong to the governance indicators) improved considerably overtime but have not reached the average level of the world; (ii) the relationship between government and enterprises has not been clear-cut. As a result, though many reforms have been conducted, state owned enterprises still take up a high percentage in many industries and enjoy multiple preferential polices while operate inefficiently. This articles also points out the reasons of the situation and gives some recommendations for solving those problems.
Yeni Bir Disk Yüzlü Figürin ve Anadolu’da Tanrıça Tapınımı Kapsamında İncelenmesi
Authors: ERDAN Emre
Published: December 2018

Disk yüzlü figürinler, İç Batı Anadolu’nun “İznik/Bitinya”, “Yukarı Sakarya”, “Demircihöyük”, “Kütahya”, “Afyon” ve “Kusura” gibi Erken Tunç Çağı II kültür bölgeleri ile ilişkili, sınırlı bir dağılım gösteren önemli arkeolojik eserler arasında yer almaktadır. Başlıca karakteristik özelliği disk biçiminde oluşturulmuş yüzleri ile tanınan figürinlerin kısıtlı bir bölgede, az sayıda örnekle temsil ediliyor olması önemlidir. Disk yüzlü figürinlerin, takip eden binyıllar içerisinde tanrıça ikonografisinde görülen polos ile betimlenmiş öncül örnekler olmaları da onları önemli kılan nitelikleri arasındadır. Disk yüzlü figürinler çoğunlukla oturur bir kadını betimlerler. Kısıtlı sayıda bazı örneklerde ise figürinlerin ayakta olduğu görülür. Çalışmamız içerisinde incelediğimiz disk yüzlü figürin Dr. Kemal Uğurbil’in özel koleksiyonunda yer almaktadır. Benzerleri arasında nadir görülen bazı özellikler sergileyen figürin, Erken Tunç Çağı II içlerine tarihlendiği düşünülmektedir.
Smart Aagricultural Eenvironment Monitoring System using IOT
Authors: Keerthana B , Mercy Milcah Y , Kalpana V
Published: December 2018

Agriculture is the chief support of an economy and the pivotal sector for ensuring food security. The agriculture sector recorded satisfactory growth due to improved technology, irrigation, inputs and pricing policies.But now due to migration of farmers from rural to urban there is hindrance in agriculture. To overcome this problem we go for smart agricultural environment monitoring techniques using IOT. The Internet of things (IOT) is remodeling the agriculture enabling the farmers with the wide range of techniques such as precision and sustainable agriculture to face challenges in the field. IOT interconnects human to thing, thing to thing and human to human. IOT enables the objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network model. The paper comprises of sensors that sense the field parameters such as phlevel,temperature, humidity,moisture and fertility in the farm. The sensed values are validated and later sent to the WI-FI module and from WI-FI module the validated data are sent to the farmer’s mobile or laptop using cloud. The farmers are also notified by SMS if the field needs a care. An algorithm is developed with threshold values of temperature, humidity, moisture and fertility that are programmed into a node MCU to control water quantity. Now the farmer can automate the motor from anywhere in the world.
Comparative Study of Different Project Size Estimation Technique for the Development of Software
Authors: Shrivastava Ajay Kumar
Published: December 2018

In SDLC (Software development life cycle model) there are various phase we use to develop the software in that the one is planning phase in this phase we use some estimation technique for estimate the Size, Cost, Effort etc for the software. The main objective of software engineering discipline is to develop the software in systematic and discipline manner as per user requirement. And also, the software should deliver in time and in budget. To acquiring this feature is called planning of the software i.e. how much it takes time and cost to complete and effort required form development is depend on nature of the software. The objective of this paper is to find out advantages and shortcoming of different Size estimation technique. In this paper we compared all traditional approach for size estimation technique.
高炮人工防雹作业技术的运用
Authors: 董 皓文
Published: December 2018

本文围绕高炮人工防雹作业技术进行讨论,对该项技术的基本原理以及相关设备加以了解,并对其具体应用加以探讨和描述,希望能够有效提升该项技术的应用水平,确保防雹作业的效果。
农业气象灾害成因及其风险探究
Authors: 李 东萍 , 李 国龙 , 邱 世善
Published: December 2018

农业是我国社会经济发展的基础,确保农业健康稳定发展对于国家而言具有十分深远的战略影响和作用。近年来,随着全球气候变暖和生态环境等多方面因素的影响,我国恶劣农业气象灾害愈加频繁,不仅给受灾区域造成了十分严重的经济损失,同时也为我国粮食安全问题带来严重危害。本文就我国主要农业气象灾害成因及其风险进行全面探讨和研究,希望对我国粮食健康安全生产起到一定的参考和帮助。
短时临近天气预报在农业气象服务中的应用
Authors: 王 楠 , 钟 莉 , 张 美玲 , 尤 敏 , 许 济玮
Published: December 2018

短时临近天气预报的实际作用就是提前预估区域内的天气变化情况,以便采取有针对性的应对策略。而随着社会的发展,传统的气象服务内容已无法充分满足农业生产的实际需求,为了给农业种植户提供及时且准确的天气讯息,降低灾害对农业经济的影响,应当将短时临近天气预报高效合理的应用到农业气象中,推动农业生产的快速的发展。
浅析天气预报在农业防灾减灾中的应用
Authors: 苏 华 , 孙 奇 , 付 阳 , 谭 修敏 , 张 春渤
Published: December 2018

天气预报主要是指根据大气变化规律,结合当前与近期天气形势,预测某地未来一段时间内天气情况。目前各种极端的气象灾害呈现显著上升的趋势,尤其是洪涝、干旱、低温、冰雹等恶劣的自然灾害更多,因此为了做好农业防灾减灾工作,本文阐述了天气预报的主要类别及其特征以及气象灾害对农业生产的主要影响,对天气预报在农业防灾减灾中的应用及其措施进行了探讨分析。
SISTEM INFORMASI PKK BERBASIS WEBSITE DENGAN FITUR MOBILE DI KELURAHAN PENATIH KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Angga Diputra I Putu Wahyu , Raditya Putra I Gusti Lanang Agung , Satwika I Putu
Published: December 2018

Pengelolaan PKK merupakan salah satu tugas dari pemerintah desa atau kelurahan. Dalam proses administrasi PKK di Kelurahan Penatih terdapat beberapa masalah yang menjadi kerap menjadi kendala. Sering ditemukan kesalahan dalam penulisan, perhitungan rekapitulasi yang tidak valid, dan proses pelaporan yang cukup rumit dan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Maka dari itu penulis melakukan perancangan sistem informasi PKK dan pemetaan rumah tangga yang diharapkan dapat mengakomodir kegiatan administratif PKK di Kelurahan Penatih sehingga memberikan kemudahan dan mengurangi kesalahan-kesalahan yang kerap dialami. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, serta menggunakan metode prototyping model. Proses perancangan menggunakan bahasa pemodelan UML, menggunakan basis data MySQL serta menggunakan Framework Laravel dan Framework React Native. Penelitian ini berhasil merancang dan membangun sistem informasi PKK berupa aplikasi website sebagai sistem utama dan aplikasi mobile sebagai media dalam menginput data, serta pemetaan rumah tangga berupa tampilan SIG (Sistem Informasi Geografis) yang dapat menampilkan lokasi rumah tangga anggota dasawisma dan rumah tangga miskin. Sistem informasi PKK ini dapat membantu kader-kader PKK dalam melakukan kegiatan administratif lebih mudah dan dengan waktu yang singkat.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN KEWIRAUSAHAAN PEDESAAN BERBASIS WEB MULTIMEDIA
Authors: Puspita Desi , Aminah Siti
Published: December 2018

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kewirausahaan Pedesaan berbasis web multimedia yang menyediakan layanan publik untuk  belajar berwirausaha. Dimana warga desa yang kebanyakan  awam  dalam  penggunaan  IT  (Teknologi  Informasi)  serta  kemampuan  terbatas dalam  memahami  istilah-istilah  IT  dan  keilmuan  lainnya  yang  terkesan  rumit  untuk dimengerti padahal minat masyarakat perdesaan untuk belajar kewirausahaan cukup besar, dan juga masyarakat selama ini untuk mendapatkan informasi kewirausahaan belum optimal karena kemudahan dan kelengkapan dalam  penggunaan  teknologi  informasi  khususnya  dalam  pembelajaran wirausaha masih sangat kurang. Metode  pengembangan  sistem  yang  digunakan  yakni  Rapid  Aplication Development (RAD) dengan tahapan antara lain : requirements planning, RAD design workshop, dan implementation. Manfaat dari sistem ini dapat memberikan manfaat kemandirian desa karena kemampuan wirausaha  desa semakin meningkat dan desa memiliki kemampuan daya saing. Hasil dari penelitian adalah berupa Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kewirausahaan Pedesaan berbasis web multimedia. Kata Kunci:  Pedesaan, Website, Kewirausahaan, Multimedia.  AbstractThe purpose of this study is to establish a multimedia web-based Rural Entrepreneurship Management Information System that provides public services for learning entrepreneurship. Where villagers are mostly lay people in the use of IT (Information Technology) as well as limited ability to understand other IT and scientific terms that seem complicated to understand even though the interest of rural people to study entrepreneurship is quite large, and also the community to get entrepreneurial information yet optimal because the ease and completeness in the use of information technology, especially in entrepreneurial learning is still very lacking. The system development method used is Rapid Application Development (RAD) with stages including: requirements planning, RAD design workshop, and implementation. The benefits of this system can provide the benefits of village independence because the capacity of village entrepreneurs is increasing and the village has competitiveness. The results of the study are in the form of a multimedia web-based Rural Entrepreneurship Management Information System. Keywords: Rural, Website, Entrepreneurship, Multimedia
Rewet in wet pressing of paper
Authors: McDonald J. David , Kerekes Richard
Published: December 2018

Wet pressing in papermaking removes water by pressure applied over time, but some of the expelled water may return to the web in an action called “rewet.” This water, and the other remaining water, must be removed by drying. To understand the underlying factors of rewet, we have developed a mathematical model of it comprised of a time-dependent term that accounts for water flow from the felt to paper and a time-independent term that accounts for splitting of interfacial water between the felt and paper. Our model is consistent with measurements from the literature and can be used to understand how paper properties, press operation, and felt design can minimize rewet.
Dielectric spectroscopic studies of biological material evolution and application to paper, TAPPI JOURNAL September 2018
Authors: Kombolias Mary , Obrzut Jan , Montgomery Karl , Postek Michael , Poster Dianne , Obeng Yaw
Published: December 2018

Current product composition and quality test methods for the paper and pulp industry are mainly based on manual ex-situ wet-bench chemistry techniques. For example, the standard method for determining the furnish of paper, TAPPI T 401 “Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard,” relies on the experience and visual acuity of a specially trained analyst to determine the individual plant species present and to quantify the amount of each constituent fiber type in a sheet of paper. Thus, there is a need for a fast, nondestructive analytical technique that leverages intrinsic attributes of the analytes. In this paper, we demonstrate an application of dielectric spectroscopy (DS) as a potential metrology to differentite between nonwood pulp and wood pulp fibers. This in-situ, noncontact and nondestructive assessment method has inherent forensic capabilities and is also amiable to quality assurance techniques such as gauge capability studies and real-time statistical process control (SPC).
Editorial
Authors: Responsáveis Editores
Published: December 2018

A Revista Interritórios constitui um periódico de produções científicas, acadêmicas e culturais. Organizada por edições temáticas, a revista recebe produções originais de autores nacionais e estrangeiros, no formato de artigo; estudo teórico/ensaio; relato de pesquisa; relato de experiência profissional e resenha, que não esteja em processo de análise por outros periódicos. No número atual, a revista é composta por artigos da Costa Rica e do Brasil, tendo como tema Relações Étnico-Raciais: um diálogo entre Brasil e América Latina.
Traços da pedagogia de Paulo Freire na sala de aula da graduação
Authors: Braga Maria Margarete Sampaio de Carvalho
Published: December 2018

O texto se constitui no relato de uma experiência profissional desenvolvida no contexto da disciplina A Pedagogia de Paulo Freire, do Curso de Pedagogia do Centro de Educação da Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Objetiva analisar de que modo o pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire pode se constituir como aporte teórico da prática pedagógica docente-discente na sala de aula da graduação. Os/as estudantes que cursaram a disciplina e mestrandos/as que dela participaram na condição de estagiários de docência foram tomados/as como sujeitos da história e do conhecimento. A análise de ações e relações empreendidas entre a educadora e os estudantes anuncia traços do pensamento de Paulo Freire.
CARTA DO RECIFE
Authors: RECIFE CARTA DO
Published: December 2018

Professores/as, estudantes, pesquisadores/as e gestores em educação e instituições educacionais presentes ao V Seminário Paulo Freire, em Recife, reafirmam a relevante contribuição de Paulo Freire para a construção de um projeto social e de educação, no horizonte da justiça social
O Fórum dos Coordenadores do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência no contexto de luta pela valorização dos professores da educação básica
Authors: ASSIS Alessandra , SILVA Jaqueline Barbosa da
Published: December 2018

Este artigo intenciona socializar a trajetória do Fórum dos Coordenadores do PIBID (FORPIBID), enfatizando o percurso histórico do Programa no âmbito nacional. O diálogo paritário entre docentes e discentes, da Educação Básica e do Ensino Superior, evidencia o processo aprendente e ensinante que tem impulsionado a relação entre o FORPIBID, os órgãos financiadores e a rede interinstitucional de instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras, consolidando a luta pela permanência e aperfeiçoamento do programa, bem como sua organicidade em relação a outros programas voltados para a valorização da formação de professores para a Educação Básica, a exemplo do PARFOR, LIFE, PRODOCÊNCIA, NOVOS TALENTOS, PNAIC. FORPIBID. PIBID Diversidade. Educação Básica. Ensino Superior. ABSTRACTThis article intends to socialize the trajectory of the Fórum dos Coordenadores do PIBID (PIBID Coordinators Forum - FORPIBID), emphasizing the historical way of the program in the national scope. The dialogue between peers of the teachers and students, from the basic education and the higher education, evidences the learning and teaching process that has boosted the relation between the FORPIBID, the financiers agencies and the inter institutional net of the Brazilians high education institutions, consolidating the fight for the permanence and the improvement of the program, as well as its organization concerning the other programs direct toward the appreciation of the teachers education to the basic education, as it has been seen in PARFOR, LIFE, PRODOCÊNCIA, NOVOS TALENTOS, PNAIC. FORPIBID. PIBID Diversidade. Basic Education. Higher Education.The Forum of the Institutional Program of the Initiation to Teaching Scholarship in the context of the struggle for the valuation of primary education teachers
The research concern about the conceptual framework of crisis in the strategic view has become to mean opportunity to change not threat only. The research explains the multi stages of crisis & its characteristics t: تأطير مفاهيمي على وفق المنظور الإسلامي
Authors: محمد ايثار عبد الهادي
Published: December 2018

يهتم البحث بألاطار ألمفاهيمي للأزمة متجاوزا" وجهة النظر التقليدية التي تصفها  كحدث يدمر أو يؤثر في المنظمة ككل ، إلى وجهة النظر الإستراتيجية ، بكونها لحظة حاسمة ونقطة تحول نحو الأفضل أو الأسوأ ، متناولا" خصائص الأزمة التي تختلف فيها عن النكبة والكارثة، إضافة إلى مراحلها المتعددة ذات المستويات المختلفة من الألم التي تنتج في تأثيرات متباينة في المنظمة وأدارتها مما يستوجب إجراءات متنوعة. وقد تجاوز البحث الحالي التصنيفات التقليدية للأزمة ذات الأساس الواحد مستندا" إلى التصنيفات الحديثة التي اعتمدت أكثر من معيار. ولأن الأزمة الرئيسة ينتج عنها عدة أزمات مرافقة ينبغي إدارتها جميعاً في وقت واحد ، فقد تطرق البحث إلى أهمها وهي الأزمة الإعلامية التي تتعلق بالاتصالات خلال الأزمة وترتبط بالجانب ألمعلوماتي ، والأزمة السيكولوجية التي ترتبط بالجانب الإنساني ويمكن التعامل معها من خلال أدارة الضحية. كما توجه البحث الحالي صوب تطوير إستراتيجية لإدارة الأزمات على وفق المنظور الإسلامي واستنادا" إلى أنموذج  Augustine, 1995)).
تأثير الشفافية التنظيمية (OT) في الحد من الفساد الإداري والمالي- دراسة استطلاعية تحليلية لاراء عينة من القيادات الادارية العليا في المنظمات العراقية
Authors: كاظم عامر عبد اللطيف , دواي جاسم مشتت
Published: December 2018

تعد الشفافية التنظيمية احدى الوسائل الناجعة في السعي الى الاصلاح والعمل على منع الفساد وتقليل أثاره السلبية الإدارية، والاقتصادية، والاجتماعية، والسياسية.

وفي ضوء ذلك يستهدف البحث اهمية اجراء دراسة استطلاعية تحليلية للوقوف على تاثير الشفافية التنظيمية في الحد من الفساد الاداري والمالي في بيئة المنظمات العراقية. وتم اختبار ذلك من خلال ثلاث فرضيات كانت الاولى لعلاقة الارتباط، والثانية للتأثير، والثالثة للفروق، واستخدمت عدد من الوسائل الإحصائية أهمها معامل الارتباط (Spearman)، ومعامل التحديد()،  واختبار (Mann-Whitney).

وتم التوصل الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات اهمها علاقة الارتباط والتاثير بين الشفافية التنظيمية، والحد من الفساد الاداري والمالي فضلاً عن وجود فروق معنوية بين المنظمات الإنتاجية والمنظمات الخدمية.وبناءً على ذلك قدمت ايضاً مجموعة من التوصيات.
تطبيقات إدارة الأعمال في صناعة كرة القدم "مع دراسة حالة لناديي (Real Madrid) و (Barcelona) الأسبانيين"
Authors: حمزد سعد علي , عباس نزار حبيب
Published: December 2018

يشار إلى أن لعبة كرة القدم مرت بعدة مراحل تطورية منذ البدء بممارستها، إذ اقترنت في بداياتها الأولى مع الطقوس الدينية والاحتفالات السنوية، ثمّ أصبحت رياضة للهواة، وبعدها رياضة للمحترفين. وأمّا في الوقت الحاضر، فقد أصبحت الرياضة ذات أهداف تجارية، تتطلب من الضروري بمكان تبنّي المدخل النظامي عند تحليل نموذج الأعمال المتعلق بلعبة كرة القدم خصوصا، إذ يمكن تبرير التطبيق للمنهجية هذه بسبب إمكانية عد الألعاب الرياضية بكونها جزءاً من قطاعات الأعمال المربحة. وتستدعي المنافع التي يمكن الحصول عليها من خلال إيجاد نظام أعمال ملائم للعبة كرة القدم، والبحث عن الأساليب اللازمة لتبسيط نموذج الأعمال الخاص بتلك اللعبة، ودعم المقدرة الاقتصادية لجميع المشاركين فيها. ويمكن الإشارة إلى إغفال الدراسات السابقة لتناول موضوع العمليات التشغيلية لمنظمات الأعمال الرياضية، وكذلك إنّ المدخل النظامي المتعلق بتلك العمليات يعد محدود عادةً عند قيامه بتوضيح العناصر الهيكلية للنظام والتحليل السطحي لأهميته. ولذلك جاء هذا البحث لغرض دراسة وتقصي هيكل نظام الأعمال للعبة كرة القدم من خلال استعمال منظور نظام الأعمال. ولقد جرى تطبيق أسلوب دراسة الحالة لغرض توضيح نظام الأعمال الخاص بلعبة كرة القدم، وذلك من خلال تحليل الإستراتيجيات المالية والرياضية لناديي Real Madrid)  & (Barcelona الإسبانيين للمدة (2000-2006)، وأيضاً من خلال توضيح الأساليب المختلفة التي تستعملها المنظمات الرياضية لتحقيق النجاح وكيفية قياسه، وتمثّلت أهم متحصلات البحث بتقديم هيكل شامل لنظام الأعمال للعبة كرة القدم يمكن تطبيقه في إنجاز تحليل مفاهيمي أفضل لذلك النظام.
أهمية الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر في تنمية الصناعة النفطية العراقية للمدة (2003-2010)
Authors: مسلم حمدية شاكر
Published: December 2018

لقد ادت الصناعة النفطية دوراً رئيساً في تحديد مسار وطبيعة التنمية سواءً في الأقطار العربية المنتجة او المستوردة للنفط. وادت مدفوعاته دورا اساسا في صياغة برامج  وخطط التنمية على المستوى المحلي والإقليمي والعالمي، فضلاً عن التوقعات المستقبلية لاستهلاكه.

   والعراق باعتباره بلدا منتجا للنفط وأقتصاده ريعي, يعتمد على النفط في بناء قاعدته الاقتصادية اجمالاً بما فيها بناه التحتية، وله إحتياطيات نفطية مثبتة هي الأكبر, جعلت من ميزانية الحكومية تعتمد وبشكل كبير على العائدات النفطية ، وتكمن اهميته الاستراتيجبة في تمويل اغلب اوجه الانفاق، اذ يعد المصدر الاول للموارد المالية من العملات الاجنبية. بذلك فانه يواجه تحديا في تردي الاوضاع الادارية والفنية بفعل سنوات الحرب والعقوبات الاقتصادية للبلد ،والتي ادت الى تدهوره مماجعله يتحمل تحديات جديدة هي حقول نفطية متدهوره تحتاج اموال طائله لتطويرها وزيادة كفاءة انتاجها،الأمر الذي يتطلب التركيز على تشجيع الاستثمارات الأجنبية من خلال العقود والتراخيص النفطية لتوظيفها داخل الحدود الوطنية، ولكن العقود الشائعة الآن  في الاستثمار النفطي هي عقود الامتياز التي تضمن حقوقا ًحصرية في الاستكشاف والانتاج للشركة المتعاقدة،وهو مما لايناسب العراق،وعقود العمليات المشتركة والتي تضمن مشاركة الدولة مع الشركة المتعاقدة فيما يتعلق بالاستكشاف والانتاج ايضا، وأخيرا ً عقود الخدمة التي تمتلك الدولة بموجبها أيضا جميع حقوق الاستكشاف والانتاج، ولو ان معظم عقود الخدمة مرتبطة حاليا ً بدور ثانوي في خدمات الآبار وليس لأغراض الاستثمار والتطوير الستراتيجي في ميدان الاستكشاف والاستخراج النفطي الذي يحتاجه العراق حاليا