bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and improvements of effective emissivities of nonisothermal blackbody cavities
Authors: He Shufang , Dai Caihong , Wang Yanfei , Liu Jinyuan , Feng Guojin , Wang Jinghui
Published: July 2020

The emissivity of the blackbody is a very important parameter in spectral radiance measurement systems. In the conventional method, the emissivity is calculated based on the isothermal model. However, the actual temperature distribution in the blackbody cavity is always nonisothermal; the emissivity calculated based on the isothermal model may not accurately present the radiation characteristic of the blackbody. In this study, the actual temperature distributions of two blackbodies (one has an extended cone shape, and the other a 65-mm diameter cylindrical shape) are measured, and the emissivities are calculated accordingly based on the nonisothermal model at a certain temperature (873 K). The results show there are different tendencies of temperature distributions in the two blackbodies. When compared with the isothermal model, the emissivities in the 873 K temperature and 2.0–20.0 µm wavelength condition are about 1.75% and 0.18% lower at the nonisothermal model for the extended cone shape and cylindrical blackbodies, respectively. To improve the emissivity, different types of apertures are customized for the two blackbodies. For the extended cone-shaped blackbody, the emissivity in the 873 K temperature and 2.0–20.0 µm wavelength condition increases by 1.12% when using a ring-shaped graphite aperture in the cavity, whereas for the cylindrical-shaped blackbody, the emissivity in the same condition increases by 0.09% when using a high-reflective aperture in front of the cavity opening. Different from previous studies, this study provides new insight in calculating and improving the effective emissivity of blackbodies by using the measured temperature in the cavity based on the nonisothermal model.
Optical configuration of modified Fredkin gate using lithium-niobate-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Awasthi Shashank , Biswas Aditya , Metya Sanjeev Kumar , Majumder Alak
Published: July 2020

The continuous quest for reversible computation that could be extensively used in applications such as digital signal processing, quantum computing, quantum-dot cellular automata, and nanotechnology has recently discovered its optical implementation as light tenders high-speed computing with the slightest information loss. The electro-optic effect of a lithium-niobate-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer is explored to configure a

4

×

4

modified Fredkin gate, capable of furnishing as many as 16 logical combinations, and thus showing potential of curbing the area overhead. The optical design is carried out using the beam propagation method. We have also performed the mathematical modeling and analyzed the results in MATLAB.
Direct estimation of the reduced scattering coefficient from experimentally measured time-resolved reflectance via Monte Carlo based lookup tables
Authors: Helton Michael , Mycek Mary-Ann , Vishwanath Karthik
Published: July 2020

A heuristic method for estimating the reduced scattering coefficient (µs’) of turbid media using time-resolved reflectance is presented. The technique requires measurements of the distributions of times-of-flight (DTOF) of photons arriving at two identical detection channels placed at unique distances relative to a source. Measured temporal shifts in DTOF peak intensities at the two channels were used to estimate µs’ of the medium using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation-based lookup tables. MC simulations were used to compute temporal shifts in modeled reflectance at experimentally employed source-detector separations (SDS) for media spanning a wide range of optical properties to construct look up tables. Experiments in Intralipid (IL) phantoms demonstrated that we could retrieve µs’ with errors ranging between 6-25% of expected (literature) values, using reflectance measured across 650-800 nm and SDS of 5-15 mm. Advantages of the technique include direct processing of measured data without requiring iterative non-linear curve fitting. We also discuss applicability of this approach for media with low scattering coefficients where the commonly employed diffusion theory analysis could be inaccurate, with practical recommendations for use.
Ultra-high-rate nonclassical light source with 50 GHz-repetition-rate mode-locked pump pulses and multiplexed single-photon detectors
Authors: Wakui Kentaro , Tsujimoto Yoshiaki , Fujiwara Mikio , Morohashi Isao , Kishimoto Tadashi , China Fumihiro , Yabuno Masahiro , Miki Shigehito , Terai Hirotaka , Sasaki Masahide , Takeoka Masahiro
Published: July 2020

Heralded single photons (HSPs) and entangled photon pairs (EPPs) via spontaneous parametric down-conversion are essential tools for the development of photonic quantum information technologies. In this paper, we report a novel ultra-high-rate nonclassical light source realized by developing 50 GHz-repetition-rate mode-locked pump pulses and multiplexed superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. The presence of the single-photon state in the heralded photons with our setup was indicated by the second-order intensity correlation below 1/2 at the heralding rate over 20 Mcps. Even at the rate beyond 50 Mcps, the nonclassicality was still observed with the intensity correlation below unity. Moreover, our setup is also applicable to the polarization-EPP experiment, where we obtained the maximum coincidence rate of 1.6 Mcps with the fidelity of 0.881 ± (0.254 × 10−3) to the maximally entangled state. Our versatile source could be a promising tool to explore various large-scale quantum-photonic experiments with low success probability and heavy attenuation.
Limits to surface-enhanced Raman scattering near arbitrary-shape scatterers: erratum
Authors: Michon Jérôme , Benzaouia Mohammed , Yao Wenjie , Miller Owen D. , Johnson Steven G.
Published: July 2020

In this erratum, we correct two minor algebraic errors from our previous published manuscript [Opt. Express 27, 35189 (2019)10.1364/OE.27.035189], which do not affect the main results or conclusions, and make a corresponding small change to one figure.
Nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor double quantum wires coupled to a quantum-sized metal nanoparticle: comment
Authors: Evangelou Sofia , Angelis Constantinos T.
Published: July 2020

Some comments about the recently published Optics
Letters paper by Su et al.
[Opt.
Lett. 45, 379
(2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.377453] are provided.
Dual-slope imaging in highly scattering media with frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Blaney Giles , Sassaroli Angelo , Fantini Sergio
Published: July 2020

We present theoretical and experimental demonstrations of a novel, to the best of our knowledge, diffuse optical imaging method that is based on the concept of dual slopes (DS) in frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy. We consider a special array of sources and detectors that collects intensity (

I

) and phase (

ϕ

) data with multiple DS sets. We have recently shown that

D
S

ϕ

reflectance data features a deeper sensitivity with respect to

D
S

I

reflectance data. Here, for the first time, we describe a DS imaging approach based on the Moore-Penrose inverse of the sensitivity matrix for multiple DS data sets. Using a circular 8–source/9-detector array that generates 16 DS data sets at source-detector distances in the range 20–40 mm, we show that

D
S

I

images are more sensitive to superficial (

<

5

m
m

) perturbations, whereas

D
S

ϕ

images are more sensitive to deeper (

>

10

m
m

) perturbations in highly scattering media.
Hot-carrier generation from plasmons in an antenna-spacer-mirror nanostructure
Authors: Sun Zhiguang , Fang Yurui
Published: July 2020

By introducing Au-nanodisk antennas, we conveniently got hot carriers from decay of surface plasmons (SPs) on planar interface in an Au-antennas/

T
i
O

2

-spacer/Au-mirror (ASM) structure without an additional phase-matching process for SP generation. The presence of hot carriers from SPs is distinguished by opposite photocurrents compared with a similar structure without an Au mirror. Analyzed by extinction spectra and electrodynamics simulations, reflection between an Au nanodisk layer and an Au mirror induces an optical response of cavity mode, which excites SPs on an Au-mirror interface and significantly enhances the light harvesting, thus leading to a relatively high hot-carrier density from SP decay. The peak of incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies at different wavelength also well matches the optical response of the structure.
Blue-shift ultrasensitivity using rhombus-shaped plasmonic crystal on Si3N4 membrane
Authors: Sohrabi Foozieh , Etezadi Dordaneh , Jahani Yasaman , Mohammadi Ershad , Ghadiani Bahareh , Tamizifar Mahdi , Hamidi Seyedeh Mehri
Published: July 2020

Harnessing ultrasensitivity from optical structures to detect tiny changes in the targeted samples is the main goal of scientists in the field of sensor design. In this study, an uncommon rhombus-shape plasmonic structure is proposed for providing blue-shift ultrasensitivity. The physical origin of this optical response relies on multi-faces of gold rhombus and their electromagnetic coupling with their induced images in a high-refractive-index substrate (Si3N4). A characteristic of blue-shift emerges as the Fano resonance in the reflection spectrum. We have experimentally shown that this novel structure has the surface sensitivity to the refractive index difference in the order of 10−5. These characteristics have been applied for non- and conditioned- cell culture medium with refractive differences in this order.This level of sensitivity is interesting for enhanced fingerprinting of minute quantities of targeted molecules and interfacial ion redistribution.
Three-dimensional structures fabricated after laser-induced free radical generation in azoaromatic compounds
Authors: Otuka A. J. G. , Torres B. B. M. , Dipold J. , Balogh D. T. , Tribuzi V. , De Boni L. , Mendonça C. R.
Published: July 2020

Three-dimensional microstructures with selective properties have often been developed for optical and photonic applications. The simplest way to achieve optically active structures is by the functionalization of host matrices using, for instance, organic dyes. Laser fabrication techniques, such as two-photon polymerization, allow manufacturing devices quickly, with high resolution, without shape limitation, among other many advantages. In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures via two-photon polymerization, using azobenzene-based dyes as photoinitiator, the compound responsible for absorbing the light and start the polymerization. When a high photoinitiator concentration is used (for instance 1.00 wt%), a significant amount of dye remains unchanged into the final structures, and its optically induced birefringence could be investigated. Therefore, the azobenzene-based dye acts, at the same time, as the photoinitiator and functionalizer.
Performance characteristics of phase-change integrated silicon nitride photonic devices in the O and C telecommunications bands
Authors: Faneca Joaquin , Garcia-Cuevas Carrillo Santiago , Gemo Emanuele , de Galarreta Carlota Ruiz , Domínguez Bucio Thalía , Gardes Frederic Y. , Bhaskaran Harish , Pernice Wolfram H. P. , Wright C. David , Baldycheva Anna
Published: July 2020

The evaluation and comparison of the optical properties in the O and C bands of silicon nitride rib waveguides with integrated Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change cells is reported. In straight rib waveguides, a high transmission contrast is observed in both bands when the Ge2Sb2Te5 cell is switched between states, being up to 2.5 dB/μm in the C-band and 6.4 dB/μm in the O-band. In the case of silicon nitride ring resonator waveguides, high quality factor resonances (Q ∼ 105) are found in both bands, leading to the provision of an ON-OFF switch characterized by an extinction ratio of 12 and 18 dB in O and C bands respectively. Finally, with the view to provide a comparison of the wavelength-dependent optical switching of the phase-change cell, a 3-dimensional finite-element method simulation is performed and a comparison of the optical-to-thermal energy conversion in both bands given.
Muslim Women in French Cinema: Voices of Maghrebi Migrants in France, Leslie Kealhofer-Kemp (2015)
Authors: Tiku Abhinav
Published: July 2020

Review of: Muslim Women in French Cinema: Voices of Maghrebi Migrants in France, Leslie Kealhofer-Kemp (2015)

Liverpool University Press, 226pp.,

ISBN: 9781781381984 (hbk), $120.00
An Experimental Amour On- and Offscreen
Authors: Frame Lily C.
Published: July 2020

Review of: An Experimental Amour On- and Offscreen: Call Me by Your Name (2017)

Italy/USA/Brazil/France

Director Luca Guadagnino

Runtime 131 minutes
Arquitetura, Política e Saúde
Authors: Silva Ricardo Jerónimo
Published: July 2020

Bissaya Barreto, médico-cirugião muito interventivo, perseverante e multifacetado, estabelecido em Coimbra, procurou, no decurso de quase cinco décadas, conciliar as suas duas actividades principais (medicina e política), com a promoção de um assinalável conjunto de equipamentos hospitalares e assistenciais na Região Centro do país. Não sendo Arquitecto, era dotado de uma forte sensibilidade artística aliada à componente técnica, buscando constantemente informação e fundamentação – estética, teórica e programática – quer em publicações da especialidade, quer em viagens de estudo que realizava a países como Espanha, Alemanha, França e Suíça. Tendo em conta diversos factores, a acção de Bissaya Barreto foi singular e paradigmática, revelando-se o seu pensamento ligado à Arquitectura um excelente fio condutor, na análise de diversos campos de estudo do século XX português. Neste livro, onde a arquitectura é o elemento central, estão também presentes questões fundamentais para compreender a globalidade do objecto em estudo, pelo que são também abordados e discutidos variados aspectos com outra amplitude: a política - desde o republicanismo, à maçonaria, à acção de Deputado, à relação com Salazar e o Estado Novo; o regionalismo e a sua intervenção enquanto Presidente de organismos distritais e provinciais; a medicina social, o higienismo, o panoptismo, o trabalho, a disciplina, a vigilância, o biopoder e o eugenismo; as relações estabelecidas entre médicos, promotores, políticos, arquitectos, engenheiros, construtores; o ensino e a sua preocupação com a formação, desde as Creches à Universidade; a propaganda associada a panfletos, revistas, livros e filmes; a pedagogia e psicologia infantis; as noções de tradição e modernidade, de arte e técnica. Todos estes pontos, entre outros, desenhavam os três lados do triângulo onde Bissaya Barreto assentava o seu projecto de sociedade: Arquitectura, Política e Saúde. Assim, focando-nos nas obras de programa de saúde por si promovidas durante o Estado Novo, regime com o qual mantinha relações privilegiadas através do seu líder, Salazar, propomos uma abordagem crítica e longitudinal sobre a forma como a Arquitectura participou no projecto regional de cariz político-sanitário idealizado e implementado por este médico. Finalmente, perante a extensa rede de edifícios criados, entre 1929 e 1974, e que incluía vários Sanatórios e Preventórios Antituberculosos, uma Leprosaria, Hospitais Psiquiátricos e Colónias Agrícolas...
Umeko Tsuda: a Pioneer in Higher Education for Women in Japan
Authors: Kunieda Mari
Published: July 2020

This article explores the life and achievements of Umeko Tsuda, who played a pioneering role in higher education for women in Japan in the early twentieth century. In 1871, the Japanese government sent five girls to the United States to study. They were expected to become models for Japanese women when they returned. Six-year-old Umeko Tsuda was the youngest among them, and she remained in the United States for eleven years until she had graduated from high school. We trace her steps historically in order to highlight the experiences which drove her to work to raise women’s status in Japan. The first biography of her, by Toshikazu Yoshikawa, was reviewed by Umeko herself, and in the years since other researchers have analysed Umeko’s life from various viewpoints. Umeko’s writings, speeches, and correspondence with her American host family and friends also reveal her thoughts. As an early female returnee, Umeko developed her ideas of what schools for women should be like. With the moral and financial support of close American and Japanese friends, Umeko started her ideal school in 1900 with only ten students. This Tokyo school was the first private institution for higher education for women in Japan. Thus, Umeko’s determination to help Japanese women become more educated and happier was the foundation of Tsuda University, now offering BAs, MAs, and PhDs in a variety of programmes in Tokyo.
Study Abroad and the Transnational Experience of Japanese Women from 1860s–1920s: Four Stages of Female Study Abroad, Sumi Miyakawa and Tano Jōdai
Authors: Sasaki Keiko , Uchiyama Yuri , Nakagomi Sayaka
Published: July 2020

This article aims to analyse the study abroad and transnational experiences of Japanese women between the 1860s and the 1920s. First, this article analyses the tendencies, periods, agents (both government-funded and privately-funded), aims and subjects studied in female study abroad in the four stages during this period from school history materials of individual institutions which supported female study abroad. In its later stages, female study abroad tended to strengthen the function of raising leaders of girls’ and women’s education, while in its early stages it tended to introduce a variety of Western culture and academic knowledge. Second, the article focuses on the forms of government- and privately-funded study abroad for women by tracing the study-abroad experience of two women educators in the early 20th century. Within government-funded study abroad, academic disciplines studied and students’ experiences were controlled by the government and focused on building a national female educational system. However, privately-funded study abroad possessed wider aims. It allowed female students to study various academic disciplines and introduced new international trends for promoting women’s social participation. Most female students who experienced study abroad became pioneers of female education and/or social activities in Japan as a result of their transnational experiences.
Persepsi Hakim Tentang Positivisasi Lembaga Rechtverwerking
Authors: Muhyidin Muhyidin
Published: July 2020

Ketika hukum tidak tertulis, moralitas serta etika dipositivikasi dalam bentuk undang-undang, maka akan terjadi pergeseran makna esensial dari hukum tidak tertulis, moralitas ataupun etika tersebut, sebab dengan dipositivisasi nilai moralitas, etika serta hukum tidak tertulis tersebut tidak lagi mengabdikan dirinya kepada nilai, kesadaran dan kepentingan bersama, tetapi mengabdi kepada mereka yang memiliki “kekuasaan" yang lebih kuat. Demikian misalnya lembaga rechtverwerking positivisasi lembaga ini semula dimaksudkan untuk mengatasi kekurangan sistem negatif dalam sistem pendaftaran tanah, namun kemudian dalam perspektif “Critical Legal Study” serta persepsi hakim yang serba positivistik menjadikan lembaga adat tersebut justru mengebiri hak masyarakat adat atas penguasaan tanah adat mereka
Kritik Filsafat Hukum Positivisme Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Hukum Yang Berkeadilan
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati
Published: July 2020

The flow of philosophy of law of positivism conceives the law as ius which has experienced positive as lege or lex, and law only relates to positive law or law only. The characteristics of this flow are always fundamental to reality (reality, fact) and evidence, not metaphysical and do not explain the essence, natural phenomena are explained based on causal relationships, and are not related to morals. This is criticized by several other schools of law, such as; free law, critical law, critical study of modern law, progressive law, all of which conceive that law is not only written in law, but what is practiced by officials of law enforcement implementing the function of law enforcement. In addition, the implementation of the law is adapted to the needs of society, which can not be separated from the influence of moral teachings and values that live in society, in order to realize the real justice. Aliran filsafat hukum positivisme menkonsepsikan hukum sebagai ius yang telah mengalami positifisasi sebagai lege atau lex, dan hukum hanya bersangkut paut dengan hukum positif atau UU saja. Karakteristik aliran ini selalu mendasar pada kenyataan (realitas, fakta) dan bukti, tidak bersifat metafisik dan tidak menjelaskan esensi, gejala alam diterangkan berbasis hubungan sebab akibat, dan tidak berhubungan dengan moral. Hal inilah yang dikritik oleh beberapa aliran hukum lain, seperti; aliran hukum bebas, hukum kritis, studi kritis hukum modern, hukum progresif, yang semuanya menkonsepsikan bahwa hukum tidak hanya tertulis dalam undang-undang, melainkan apa yang dipraktekkan oleh para pejabat penyelenggara hukum yang melaksanakan fungsi pelaksanaan hukum. Selain itu, pelaksanaan hukum disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, yang tidak lepas dari pengaruh ajaran moral dan nilai-nilai yang hidup di masyarakat, demi mewujudkan keadilan yang sesungguhnya.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Di Desa Cigugur Kuningan Melalui Lembaga Peradilan
Authors: Prasetyo Agung Basuki
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACDispute resolution through judicial institutions on land in the Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Indigenous Community of Cigugur Village, Kuningan Regency has won the Plaintiffs based on inheritance law, while land according to the AKUR customary law cannot be inherited. Such rights in the legislation are referred to as communal rights. This writing is about fulfilling the principle of justice in the court ruling. The judgment of the judge in his decision considers the object of the dispute as inheritance, and does not consider the testimony of witnesses who are not sworn, because the religion column in the KTP is empty. So that the Plaintiff wins. The judge based his legal considerations more on the Positivism paradigm, which is based solely on written rules such as in legislation, by putting aside the values that live in society.Based on the structural, cultural and substantive components identified there is no principle of justice for the AKUR Community. There are philosophical, historical, and socio-cultural reasons for defending disputed objects for the preservation of AKUR Community customs.Keywords: land disputes, indigenous peoples, customary rights. ABSTRAKPenyelesaian sengketa melalui lembaga peradilan terhadap  tanah yang berada di lingkungan Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Desa Cigugur, Kabupaten Kuningan telah memenangkan pihak Penggugat berdasarkan pada hukum waris, sedangkan tanah menurut hukum adat Masyarakat AKUR tidak dapat diwariskan. Hak semacam itu dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan disebut dengan hak ulayat. Penulisan ini mengenai pemenuhan asas keadilan dalam putusan peradilan tersebut. Pertimbangan hakim dalam putusannya menganggap objek sengketa sebagai harta warisan, dan tidak mempertimbangkan keterangan saksi yang tidak disumpah, karena kolom agama di KTP kosong. Sehingga Penggugat menang. Hakim lebih mendasarkan pertimbangan hukumnya pada paradigma Positivisme, yang hanya dilandasi aturan tertulis seperti dalam perundang-undangan, dengan mengesampingkan  nilai-nilai yang hidup dalam masyarakat.Berdasarkan komponen struktural, kultural, dan substantif teridentifikasi tidak terdapat asas keadilan bagi Masyarakat AKUR. Terdapat alasan filosofis, historis, dan sosial budaya dalam mempertahankan objek sengketa guna pelestarian adat istiadat Masyarakat AKUR.Kata Kunci: sengketa tanah, masyarakat adat, hak ulayat.
Indonesia Darurat Narkoba (Peran Hukum dalam Mengatasi Peredaran Gelap Narkoba)
Authors: Suryandari Amalia Rizki , Soerachmat Benny Sasmita
Published: July 2020

Negara Indonesia melalui UU No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika, secara tegas melarang peredaran gelap Narkoba. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai respon terhadap tingginya jumlah penyalah guna narkoba di Indonesia. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi peredaran gelap narkoba harus diupayakan secara bersama-sama antara institusi negara dengan seluruh masyarakat Indonesia, artinya harus ada kesadaran setiap masyarakat untuk memerangi peredaran gelap narkoba.
Grondkaart; Problematika Hukum dan Penyelesaiannya (Analisis Kasus antara PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) dengan PT Pura Barutama Kudus Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Silvianna Ana
Published: July 2020

Permasalahan kepemilikan tanah pada  Grondkaart  masih sering terjadi, seperti sengketa kepemilikan tanah  antara PT KAI dengan pihak lain, bisa perorangan dan juga badan hukum.  Permasalahan tersebut dikaji  dengan  metode  penelitian  yuridis normatif, akan mengungkap secara Hukum Pertanahan Nasional tentang kedudukan  Grondkaart  dalam kepemilikan tanah disandingkan dengan sertipikat hak atas tanah.  Penelusuran  data dengan  studi dokumen,  mendapat fakta  bahwa grondkaartyang dikeluarkan kantor pendaftaran tanah pada saat diberikan untuk perkeretaapian milik negara SS, bukan alat bukti kepemilikamn tanah.  Tanah  Grondkaart  merupakan ”beheer” DKA sekarang PT KAI. Berdasarkan PMA No.9 Tahun 1965 tanah-tanah yang dikuasai oleh Instansi Pemerintah dengan hak penguasaan (beheer)  sejak tanggal 24 September 1960 dikonversi menjadi Hak Pakai dan Hak Pengelolaan sesuai peruntukannya dalam jangka waktu selama dipergunakan.  Semua  tanah yang belum bersertifikat adalah tanah negara dalam penguasaan (beheer) PT KAI .Tanah-tanah PT KAI yang dikuasai dengan alat bukti  grondkaart  tanah adalah termasuk golongan tanah hak, meskipun belum bersertipikat.
Konflik Kekuatan Hukum (Daya Mengikat) antara Akta Perdamaian dengan Putusan Mahkamah Agung
Authors: Priyono Ery Agus , Hariyono Slamet , Sunarto Andi , Benuf Kornelius
Published: July 2020

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Praktik Ratifikasi Perjanjian Internasional Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 13/PUU-XVI/2018
Authors: Indrawati Nanda
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 13/PUU-XVI/2018 perihal pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 24 tahun 2000 tentang Perjanjian Internasional terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945. Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam putusan tersebut hanya menerima satu permohonan pembatalan yaitu terhadap Pasal 10 UU Perjanjian Internasional. Putusan ini telah menimbulkan perkembangan yang baru terkait praktik proses ratifikasi perjanjian internasional di Indonesia. Namun di sisi lain, masih terdapat beberapa permasalahan terkait perluasan kriteria perjanjian internasional yang memerlukan persetujuan dari Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sampai saat ini belum ada peraturan yang memberikan penafsiran terkait batasan kriteria perjanjian internasional yang proses pengesahannya memerlukan persetujuan dari Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Hal ini justru ini berpotensi akan menimbulkan permasalahan di kemudian hari karena adanya ketidakpastian hukum.
Implementasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015 terhadap Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia
Authors: Widanarti Herni
Published: July 2020

Perjanjian kawin adalah suatu perjanjian yang dibuat atas permintaan dari sepasang calon suami istri, dimana mereka berdua telah setuju dan sepakat untuk membuat pemisahan harta mereka masing-masing. Menurut KUH Perdata dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan, pada prinsipnya perjanjian kawin tidak dapat dilakukan setelah perkawinan berlangsung, namun pada tanggal 27 Oktober 2016 keluarlah “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015” yang pada intinya perjanjian kawin dapat dilakukan setelah perkawinan dilangsungkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertimbangan Hakim dalam “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015” serta menganalisa implementasi putusan tersebut terhadap hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris yang menggunakan penelitian lapangan dan pendekatan Undang-Undang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahirnya “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015” yang membawa perspektif baru tentang kesepakatan perkawinan di mana perjanjian kawin dapat dilakukan selama dalam ikatan perkawinan berlangsung atau setelah perkawinan sesuai dengan kesepakatan kedua belah pihak dengan tidak merugikan  pihak ketiga.
A simple transfer-matrix model for metasurface multilayer systems
Authors: Berkhout Annemarie , Koenderink A. Femius
Published: July 2020

In this work we present a simple transfer-matrix based modeling tool for arbitrarily layered stacks of resonant plasmonic metasurfaces interspersed with dielectric and metallic multilayers. We present the application of this model by analyzing three seminal problems in nanophotonics. These are the scenario of perfect absorption in plasmonic Salisbury screens, strong coupling of microcavity resonances with the resonance of plasmon nano-antenna metasurfaces, and the hybridization of cavities, excitons and metasurface resonances.
Compact disordered magnetic resonators designed by simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Xie Yaxin , Liu Menghao , Feng Tianhua , Xu Yi
Published: July 2020

Sub wavelength all-dielectric structures processing simultaneously electric and magnetic resonances provide a new horizon for tailoring magnetic light–matter interaction that is often overlooked in optical spectrum. In general, the magnetic field enhancement can be boosted by utilizing the magnetic resonances of dielectric resonators where structural disorder effect is considered as a parasitic negative effect for the targeted response. Here, in contrast, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate that compact disordered dielectric resonators with substantial enhancement of free-space magnetic field can be automatically designed by the combination of simulated annealing algorithm and numerical solution of Maxwell’s equations, providing an alternative for tailoring magnetic light–matter interaction. The functionality and reliability of the proposed concept are further verified by microwave experiment. Our results might facilitate the application of compact disordered magnetic resonators in enhancing magnetic dipole transition of quantum emitter, magnetic resonance imaging, wireless power transfer and beyond.
Advanced encryption method realized by secret shared phase encoding scheme using a multi-wavelength metasurface
Authors: Li Zhenfei , Premaratne Malin , Zhu Weiren
Published: July 2020

Multi-channel information encryption technology has been implemented by optical metasurfaces owing to their superior ability to control the phase, amplitude, wavelength and polarization of incident light. However, current metasurface-based multi-channel encryption technologies suffer from information leakage in non-full channel decoding processes. To better increase the security of the encrypted information, we develop a secret shared phase encoding scheme by combining a visual secret sharing scheme with a metasurface-based phase-encoding technique. Our method achieves its high-concealment through mapping the target image into a set of unrecognizable phase-only keys that are subsequently encoded by a multi-wavelength metasurface. In the decryption process, the secret information can be reconstructed only by decoding and stacking all the wavelength channels of the metasurface. At the same time, chaotic images can be extracted from the other channels without revealing any original information. The simulated results and the theoretical analysis show the strong robustness and high security of our encryption setup, which is sure to find applications in emerging optical encryption schemes.
A Comparative Study of Shear Strength Equations for Unsaturated Granitic Residual Soil
Authors: Saffari Pooya , Nie Wen , Asadi Afshin , Fu Shao-Jun , Jian Wen-bin , Wang Guang-Jin , Deng Yu-Chen
Published: July 2020

Malaysia is extensively covered by residual soils, which are mostly in an unsaturated zone. Determining the unsaturated shear strength of residual soils using the empirical models is beneficial because of the limitations of experimental methods. Several shear strength models have already been developed, and the accuracy of some of these models has been examined. However, these examinations were developed based only on the particular soils initially studied and may not be applicable to Malaysian residual soils. This study aims to provide a comparative investigation of the accuracy of some of the published shear strength models for unsaturated soils in predicting the shear strength of a Malaysian granitic residual soil. The published shear strength results of the soils were used in this paper to provide comparisons between the predicted and measured shear strength values for a limited suction range. Nine various equations were evaluated. For each equation, a relationship between the predicted and measured shear strength data was generated. The linear regression line with zero intercept was drawn, and the slope of the linear regression line (SL) and coefficient of determination (R2) were calculated. This study showed that all shear strength models provide relatively acceptable comparisons between measured and predicted shear strengths by a maximum of 10 % difference based on the calculated slopes of the regression lines. However, among them, three equations provided more accurate predictions in comparison with the others.
Sediment Transport over a Pervious Pavement under Surface Runoff: Mesoscopic Experiment and Modeling
Authors: Zhang Jiong , Dupont Pascal , Hellou Mustapha
Published: July 2020

Pervious pavements provide good drainage and noise reduction capability. However, once the pore is clogged, the drainage capacity will be greatly reduced. A simplified mesoscopic model is presented in order to uncover the phenomenon of sediment transport and ingress into the pores of a permeable pavement with surface flow. In this study, the influences of slope, water inflow, sediment particle size, and infiltration on the sediment transport and clogging of pervious pavement are systematically studied. The test results show that with the increase of slope, sediment size, and inflow rate, the clogging risk generally decreases, while with the increase of seepage, the clogging risk increases. For larger slope, sediment size, and inflow rate, a larger sediment transport rate can be observed on porous pavement. Furthermore, the dynamic characteristics of sediment transport are also studied by a three-dimensional coupling model of computational fluid dynamics—a discrete element method. The results show that the fluid–solid coupling numerical model used in this study can be used as an effective simulation method for studying sediment transport inside and outside the pervious pavement.
La influencia de la musicoterapia en la mejora de la precisión y de la velocidad lectora en niños y niñas de edades comprendidas entre 6 y 9 años escolarizados con dificultades de aprendizaje
Authors: Moutte Sophie
Published: July 2020

En la actualidad existen numerosos estudios cuyos resultados han demostrado la eficacia de las intervenciones musicales para fomentar las habilidades del lenguaje oral y de la lectoescritura. Música y lenguaje requieren habilidades similares, tales como la discriminación auditiva o el sentido del ritmo. En esta observación participante el objetivo fue el de analizar el impacto de las sesiones de musicoterapia sobre la mejora de la precisión y de la velocidad lectora en niños y niñas escolarizados con dificultades de aprendizaje de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y los 9 años. Los participantes del estudio eran dos niñas de 8 y 9 an?os de un grupo de tres alumnas y dos niños y una niña de 6 años de un grupo de cinco usuarios. Cada grupo recibió una sesión semanal de 45 minutos durante tres meses. Para poder medir la evolución de los participantes se evaluó el nivel de precisión y la velocidad lectora de cada uno de ellos mediante una prueba realizada antes y después del periodo de intervención con musicoterapia. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron una mejora considerable de los participantes en su precisión y en su velocidad lectora. Pero hay que tener en cuenta que sus progresos son también debidos a todo el trabajo realizado por el alumnado durante ese periodo, fuera de las sesiones de musicoterapia. Se puede concluir, por lo tanto, que la musicoterapia puede contribuir a la mejora de la precisión y de la velocidad lectora dentro de un contexto escolar.
Análisis del desarrollo de la alianza terapéutica en Musicoterapia a través del discurso musical
Authors: Majul Villarreal Jalil , Fernández Company José Fernando
Published: July 2020

Los objetivos de esta investigación se centran en averiguar si surge la alianza terapéutica entre paciente y terapeuta durante un tratamiento de musicoterapia determinado y en proponer una metodología apropiada para el análisis de intervenciones de este tipo. El objetivo de la intervención terapéutica es el de reducir la frecuencia de conductas obsesivas y mejorar la atención. Se han grabado las sesiones y se han codificado las conductas que configuran la alianza terapéutica para obtener datos y analizarlos. El resultado de los estadísticos descriptivos sugiere que es posible crear una relación terapéutica con el tratamiento de musicoterapia propuesto. En conclusión, se demuestra la posibilidad de surgimiento de la alianza terapéutica en musicoterapia, a pesar de prescindir del lenguaje verbal y se abre una línea de investigación.
Perfil del estudiante y desempeño en actividades virtuales de retroalimentación entre pares en torno a capítulos de tesis de posgrado
Authors: Difabio de Anglat Hilda , Alvarez Guadalupe
Published: July 2020

Estudios centrados en las prácticas de enseñanza de la escritura en el posgrado sugieren que las propuestas basadas en el intercambio con pares y expertos (profesores y supervisores), ya sea en instancias de formación presencial como virtual, hacen posible abordar y profundizar las diferentes dimensiones (experienciales, epistemológicas y textuales) que están involucradas en la elaboración de la tesis. Con el objeto de ahondar en estos hallazgos, el presente artículo analiza las intervenciones que estudiantes con diferentes perfiles escriturales comparten en grupos de trabajo conformados por dos integrantes y un docente respecto de capítulos avanzados de las tesis de posgrado del par. La experiencia se implementa en un seminario virtual que se desarrolló durante 2017, con 90 horas de duración, en la Moodle institucional de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. La aproximación a los perfiles se obtiene mediante varios instrumentos de diagnóstico. Se propone que los estudiantes y también el docente experto analicen los capítulos en función de tres fases, cada una de una semana de duración: la primera centrada en el modelo de la situación comunicativa y el modelo del evento; la segunda, en el modelo textual con foco en el reconocimiento de movimientos y pasos; la tercera, en el modelo textual con foco en las estrategias lingüísticas. Desde un sistema categorial exhaustivo que se aplica a un corpus de 584 comentarios, los resultados permiten reconocer similitudes y diferencias en las retroalimentaciones de los estudiantes de perfil semejante y de perfil disímil.
Representaciones sociales de docentes de una universidad tradicional chilena acerca de la escritura académica y de su enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: Sánchez Gibbons María Verónica
Published: July 2020

En el contexto del desafío que representa para los estudiantes incorporarse a las prácticas de escritura académica y al rol que el profesorado tiene en dicho proceso, el presente estudio de naturaleza exploratoria indaga en las representaciones sociales de docentes de diversas disciplinas de una universidad chilena acerca de la escritura académica y de su enseñanza-aprendizaje, con el fin de obtener información clave para el diseño de intervenciones efectivas que propicien el desarrollo de esta habilidad por parte de los y las estudiantes. Para este objetivo se realizaron varios grupos de discusión, que fueron analizados a partir de un análisis cualitativo de contenido. Entre los resultados más destacados se encuentra el acuerdo entre los docentes sobre la relevancia de que los estudiantes desarrollen habilidades de escritura académica y la necesidad de que exista una instancia, fuera del contexto de las cátedras que ellos tienen a cargo, de trabajo de esta herramienta. Por otra parte, en cuanto a las estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los profesores, se revela la falta de precisión de los docentes con respecto a qué es escribir académicamente y la consideración de aspectos como la motivación y la práctica para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de esta habilidad.
Grado de alfabetización académica y prácticas escritoras en el marco de un programa formativo
Authors: Romero González Alba Naroa , Álvarez Álvarez Manuela de las Nieves
Published: July 2020

La alfabetización académica de los estudiantes de grado es una cuestión que preocupa a los docentes universitarios e investigadores del ámbito nacional e internacional. En el contexto español todavía hay pocos estudios empíricos acerca de la naturaleza de las dificultades que experimentan los estudiantes y de cómo estas se transforman durante la trayectoria de los estudiantes en todo un programa formativo. Ahí se sitúa este estudio que tiene por objetivo conocer el grado de alfabetización académica de los estudiantes del grado en Lenguas Modernas y las prácticas escritoras que realizan. Para ello participan, por una parte, 96 estudiantes de los cuatro cursos con una reseña académica producida ad hoc, cuyo análisis se centra en la selección y organización de la información, la configuración de la voz del autor y los aspectos formales; y, por otra parte, participan 28 docentes del mismo grado con una entrevista que se centra en conocer las prácticas escritoras que solicitan a los estudiantes. Entre los resultados más destacados se constata que las prácticas escritoras que los estudiantes realizan en este programa formativo son, en general, poco exigentes cognitiva, retórica y discursivamente y, consecuentemente, no conducen a los estudiantes al desarrollo eficaz de la práctica escritora solicitada a efectos de este estudio.
¿Cómo aprender a leer en una sociedad inclusiva? Contextos internacional y nacional
Authors: Rosales López Carlos
Published: July 2020

En estos momentos y a nivel universal, son muchas las personas que no pueden acceder al aprendizaje de la lectura o que si lo hacen deben aprender a leer en una lengua diferente a la propia. Este trabajo tiene por objeto analizar las características que deberían presentar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la lectura en una sociedad inclusiva. Se plantean seis interrogantes al respecto y se perfilan posibles respuestas. Para responder a la primera pregunta se utilizan referencias internacionales. En las siguientes se hace referencia a investigaciones y datos centrados de forma predominante en nuestro país. Para su realización se ha hecho uso de importantes documentos de organizaciones internacionales como la ONU y la UNESCO. También, de documentos legales y administrativos. Desde una dimensión empírica se ha utilizado la observación naturalista y el relato autobiográfico, así como la entrevista semiestructurada e instrumentos para el análisis de libros de lectura. Estas técnicas e instrumentos se han utilizado por maestros en formación del Grado de Educación Primaria durante varios cursos, especialmente el 2017-2018 en periodos de prácticum y clases interactivas. En los resultados se subraya la necesidad de extender el aprendizaje en lengua materna, de fomentar un aprendizaje plural en cuanto a soportes y contextos, de intensificar y diversificar las actividades de promoción y animación a la lectura, de adaptar las características de los libros y fomentar hábitos lectores, de cuidar las actividades de lectura en las aulas.
Sociolingüística y etnohistoria de la Orinoquia colombiana, siglos XVII-XIX
Authors: Marín Silva Pedro
Published: July 2020

Este texto explora aspectos del proceso de incorporación de etnias llaneras y de sus territorios al orden político y sociocultural de la sociedad neogranadina durante los siglos xvii a xix. Destacamos desde los primeros contactos la información proveniente de archivos y fuentes secundarias sobre ubicación de grupos, naciones, tribus y parcialidades. Estos grupos de descendencia local mantuvieron conexiones con otros pueblos de tierras bajas y con pueblos andinos desde antes de la Conquista. Dichos contactos estuvieron motivados por razones económicas y culturales, según se desprende de la revisión de documentos, que arrojan luces para la construcción de un panorama lingüístico actualizado y para la precisión de líneas de dispersión de familias lingüísticas en el nororiente suramericano. Las formas de intercambios comerciales y de alianzas entre grupos de filiaciones lingüísticas diferentes (particularmente arawak y carib) facilitan la comprensión de esa región multilingüe y multiétnica, que se extiende desde el río Orinoco hasta los Andes.
Classifying Written Corrective Feedback for Research and Educational Purposes: A Typology Proposal
Authors: Cárcamo Benjamín
Published: July 2020

Although several investigations have been carried out in recent years on written corrective feedback (WCF), there is a lack of agreement about its definition and the effect on students’ writings of different types of feedback. This may be due to the lack of systematicity regarding the characterization of WCF used in those studies. This article seeks to review the concept of WCF in studies in the field and to systematize the various aspects considered in a typology, which includes specification, focus, scope, source, mode of delivery, and notes. The resulting typology should help improve the effectiveness in the comparison of WCF studies and serve as a reference for teachers interested in expanding their practices.
Re-Signifying Teacher Epistemologies Through Lesson Planning: A Study on Language Student Teachers
Authors: Ubaque-Casallas Diego F. , Aguirre-Garzón Edgar
Published: July 2020

This paper reports the findings of a narrative study on language student teachers’ epistemological re-configurations through lesson planning in a private university in Bogota, Colombia. The study aimed at exploring the possible forms of professional yet personal–local knowledge two language student teachers encounter and produce when they plan language lessons. We employed the life story interviewing to gather information on the subjective essence of the participant’s experiences in their teacher practicum. Findings suggest that through lesson planning, language student teachers manage to re-signify certain methodological yet hegemonic constructions of teaching and learning. Furthermore, their knowledge of themselves as teachers in relation to their practicum is shaped by circumstances they face in the process of planning and teaching lessons.
Leadership, Risk Taking, and Social Gender Roles Among Colombian Female Undergraduate Language Learners
Authors: Peñaloza Anna Carolina
Published: July 2020

This case study sought to understand how 17 undergraduate students in the humanities and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics majors positioned themselves in terms of gender in relation to their leadership and risk-taking skills. For this study, I used students’ artifacts, semistructured interviews, and focus group discussions, which tied into the objectives of the Academic Writing for Professional Development course that the participants signed up for at a public university in Colombia. To analyze the data, I used aspects of the grounded theory method. The results revealed that the division of labor and social gender roles supersede the students’ initial positions. Because of this, women’s leadership and risk-taking abilities are invisible, an assertion which continues to perpetuate social gender roles, gender stereotypes, and the patriarchy.