bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Asynchronous Rolling on Wear-Resisting Performance of High Manganese Steel
Authors: Qiu Chang Ming , Wang Yan Feng , Yu Jiang
Published: November 2010

In order to study the effect of pre-deforming on the wearability of austenitic high manganese steel, domestic and foreign scholars did many pre-deforming tests. While the study of rolling pre-deformation is almost blank. By taking the cold asynchronous rolling technique, simulated roll test was carried out on austenitic high manganese steel. The microstructure and the performance after rolling showed that a great deal of high density twin crystals merged , the capability of work hardening and impact abrasion resistance enhanced greatly, wear-resisting performance improved with the increase of deformation.
Performance Properties of Polymer Modified Cement Grouts for Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Pavement
Authors: Zhang Shui , Li Guo Zhong , Ning Chao , Yuan Hai Yan
Published: November 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the groutability and interfacial bond strength of polymer modified cement grouts (PMCG) for repair and rehabilitation of concrete pavement with different polymer/cement ratio. The groutability of grouts was studied through the cone-shaped gap test and the grouted minimum gap width was determined. The interfacial bond strength, such as flexural and shear bond strength were measured. The experimental results indicate that the groutability of grouts modified by vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer (EVA) improves obviously and the grouted minimum gap width decreases. The flexural and shear bond strength increase 32.41% and 122.92% when the polymer/cement ratio is 10%, at the ages of 28 days respectively. The microstructure of repair interface was observed and analyzed by using scanning electron microscope, and the modification mechanism of EVA latex was discussed.
Fabrication of Maxillofacial Implant Using CAD CAM System
Authors: Singare Se Kou , Wang Li , Zhong Shou Yan , Xu Guang Hui , Wang Wei Ping , Zhou Jian Jun
Published: November 2010

We present an approach that combines Computer Tomography (CT), reverse engineering (RE) and rapid prototyping (RP) for individual implant production in maxillofacial surgery. 3D acquisition of the patient’s skull is performed, after acquisition of data; an individual computer-based 3D model of the bony defect is generated. These data are transferred into RE software to create the implant using a computer-aided design (CAD) model, which is directed into the RP machine for the production of the physical model. The implant is then directly used in investment casting such as “Quick Cast” pattern to produce the titanium model. In the clinical reports presented here, reconstructions of one patient with mandible bone defects were performed using this method. The custom prostheses perfectly fit the defects during the operations, and surgery time was reduced.
Mass Diffusivities of Radiata Pine in Superheated Steam Drying
Authors: Liu Hua Wu , Wang Zhen Yun , Xu Ping
Published: November 2010

Superheated steam drying is an energy saving and effective drying technology, in which the waste heat is recycled with the loop system and the moisture removal is much faster than that of conventional low temperature drying. The computation methods for the estimation of wood mass diffusivities were evaluated and the first ten terms of the analytic solution of Fick’s Second Law was considered sufficiently accurate, but Crank’s method was rejected, due to its large errors. The experimental data show that higher temperature significantly accelerated the drying rate. In addition, no visible surface or internal checks have been found in the superheated steam dried samples (dry-bulb temperature 160, 180, 200, 220 oC). The highly effective super heated steam drying is definitely an advantage. However, samples were browned when dried above 220 oC, which may be regarded as the critical temperature for quality control.
Manufacturing Basalt/Ramie Fibers Hybrid Reinforced PP Thermoplastic Panel
Authors: Chu Fan Jie , Liu Hua Wu , Chen Zhi Gang , Song Qiu Xia
Published: November 2010

Polypropylene thermoplastic panel reinforced by ramie-basalt fibers was made using thermal molding method. The influences of fiber mixing mass ratio, thermal compression temperature, pressing time, pressure on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic panel were investigated. The results revealed that the optimal quality parameters were fiber mixing ratio 6:2:2 (PP: basalt: ramie), compression temperature 195 , pressing time 12min, maximum pressure 10MPa.
Research on Flaw Detection for 3-D Braided Composite Material Using Ultrasonic Testing Based on Wavelet Packet Transform
Authors: He Xiao Li , Liu Chong
Published: November 2010

A method used to recognize the inner defects of 3-D braided composite materials is discussed. Firstly, the link between UT signals and the defects of 3-D braided composite material is analyzed. Then, the wavelet packet transform is used to process the ultrasonic scanning pulse signals of the defects. The characteristic quantities of signal are extracted into the BP neural network as samples. Through training the BP neural network, the recognize system of micro-cracks and pores is achieved. Finally, according to the results of experiment this classification system based on wavelet packet transform is proved to be feasible.
Material Fatigue Behavior and its Mechanism Based on MMM Technology
Authors: Xing Hai Yan , Wu Da Bo , Xu Min Qiang
Published: November 2010

In order to investigate material behavior at the stage of early fatigue damage and critical fatigue fracture, a new nondestructive testing called metal magnetic memory (MMM) technology, has been introduced in this paper. The fatigue experiments are carried out on the PQ1-6 rotary bending fatigue machine. The MMM fatigue characteristics are presented and analyzed. It has been found that Hp(x) is increasing up to the peak value while the fatigue crack is initiating and growing. After that peak, Hp(x) decreases gradually with the fatigue crack deepening and stress releasing. The gradual increasing Hp(x) is the sign of the early fatigue damage and the Hp(x) peak predicts the critical fracture state. The validity of MMM results has been certified by microscopic metallographic examination. Furthermore, the MMM fatigue behavior is deduced theoretically based on the dislocation mechanics and fracture mechanics.
Survey of Materials Testing Using Ultrasonic
Authors: Zhong Fei , Zhang Wei , Jiao Biao Qiang , Zhong Yue Xian
Published: November 2010

In this paper, ultrasonic materials testing researches are reviewed. The latest progress of ultrasonic testing technology is introduced, including water-squirting ultrasonic C-scan testing, laser ultrasound, ultrasonic feature scan imaging, signal processing and pattern recognition technology in the application of ultrasonic testing.
Refraction Indices Measurement of Hexagonal Zeolite Crystal Using Brewster Angle Method
Authors: Li Irene Ling , Fu Ling , Li Hao , Zhai Jian Pang , Ruan Shuang Chen
Published: November 2010

A simple method for measuring the refraction indices of small hexagonal crystals is studied. The method is based on Brewster angle law. The refractive indices are confirmed by measuring the Brewster angle on two different surfaces. As an example, the measured refractive indices for hexagonal zeolite crystals are ne=1.488 and no=1.327, respectively, which are necessary for further investigations on the nonlinear properties of these zeolite crystal, such as second harmonic generation (SHG) effect. This method avoids the damage of the sample, and is simple and quick, which is suitable for the measurements of small birefringent crystals.
Effects of Ce Addition on the Mobility and Hot Tearing Tendency of Al-4.5Cu Alloy
Authors: Xie Shi Kun , Ai Yong Ping , Xia Xiang , Yi Rong Xi , Gao Zhi , Guo Xiu Yan
Published: November 2010

This paper aims to study the effects of rare earth Cerium addition on mobility, solidification shrinkage, casting microstructure and hot tearing tendency of Al-4.5Cu alloy. Results show that by adding appropriate rare earth Cerium into the Al-4.5Cu alloy, the viscosity of liquid metals can be reduced, the mobility of alloy can be increased, and the shrinkage during the solidification of liquid metal can be reduced. Further more, as the tendency of alloy dendrite is inhibited and the microstructure of the casting alloy is improved, the alloy can be purified, its thermal conductivity can be enhanced, and the hot tearing tendency of it can be decreased remarkably. It proves that when rare earth Ceriumaddition in Al-4.5Cu alloy is 4w%, the mobility of Al-4.5Cu alloy will be the maximum, and its volume shrinkage will be the least. Meanwhile, the grains of alloy are refined and round. The alloy also shows the lowest hot tearing tendency.
Recent Development in Multiscale Simulation of Mechanical Properties at Material Interface
Authors: Liao Ning Bo , Zhang Miao , Jiang Rui
Published: November 2010

For nanoscale devices and structures, interface phenomena often dominate their overall thermal behavior. The feature scale of material interfaces usually originate from nanometer length and present a hierarchical nature. Considering to the limitations of the continuum mechanics on the characterization of nano-scale, the multiscale model featuring the interface could be very important in materials design. The purpose of this review is to discuss the applications of multiscale modeling and simulation techniques to study the mechanical properties at materials interface. It is concluded that a multi-scale scheme is needed for this study due to the hierarchical characteristics of interface.
Influences of Temperature on the Performance of Polypropylene Woven Geotextiles
Authors: Qian Cheng , Lv Hai Ning
Published: November 2010

Needle punching geotextile composites are composed of polypropylene woven fabrics and nonwovens, which has lower strength than that of the original woven fabrics because of the damaging effects by needles during the bonding process. In order to compensate for this shortage, a new geotextile composite was developed using adhesive as bonding media, temperature for controlling adhesive bonding effects. So temperature is the most important factor influencing the composites. With the purpose of researching temperature effects on the performance of polypropylene woven fabrics (single layer of the geotextile composite), a series of tests were carried out and then analyzed. The results show that with the increment of temperature, the shrinkage rate of polypropylene woven fabrics increased continuously. On the other hand, the strength firstly rise with the temperature and then decreased when temperature is over 130°C. Conclusions got in the paper are good references for the development of a new kind of water-insoluble adhesive and adhesive bonded nonwoven geotextile composite.
Influence of Melt Temperature on Compressive Plasticity of a Cu-Zr-Al Bulk Metallic Glass
Authors: Xie Sheng Hui , Zeng Xie Rong , Fu Dong Ju , Zhao Lei , Hu Qiang
Published: November 2010

Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) were cast from the melt temperature 1143 to 1373 K. The structure, thermal and mechanical properties of the BMGs were investigated by XRD, DSC, HRTEM, dilatometric measurements, micro-hardness tests and uniaxial compression. The results indicate that the microstructure and mechanical performance of BMGs are closely affected by the casting temperature. Proper casting temperature ensures the BMGs with large relaxed excess free volume (REFV) and nano-crystallites, which favor the plastic deformation in Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 BMGs. Regulating the preparing parameters is an important solution to good plasticity in BMGs.
Research on Running Condition Recognition of Mechanical Equipment and Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Fuzzy Evaluation
Authors: Chai Bao Ming , Gao Wei Jin , Gao Xue Pan
Published: November 2010

Apply fuzzy evaluation method to research on running state recognition of mechanical equipment and fault diagnosis, define concept of classification weight of index, give out calculation method. On the basis of analysis of fault datasheet that records expert knowledge, build mathematical model of recognition and evaluation on running condition of mechanical equipment based on uncertainty measurement. Calculation examples show the effectiveness of this method and the reliability of calculation results.
Effects of Ramie Fiber Treatment on Thermo-Oxidative Properties of High-Density Polyethylene/Ramie Fiber Composites
Authors: Lei Wen , Ren Chao
Published: November 2010

On the investigations on the flexural properties,color stability and melting properties,the effects of treating ramie fiber with silane coupling agent on the anti-thermo-oxidative aging properties of high density polyethylene(HDPE)/ ramie fiber composites were studied.The results show that,treating the fiber with 3% coupling agent can improve the flexural strength and modulus of the composites before the aging test by 15.9% and 21.7% respectively,and also it can improve the flexural properties of the composites after the aging test;the modified composites will be more color stable,less color difference,and less disminish of the color during the aging test;the peak melting temperatures of the modified composites when aged for 0,500,1000,1500 and 3000h will be increased by 0.6，0.2， 0.5,2.3 and 3.8 oC from those of the unmodified composites;the flexural properties,color stability and melting properties of HDPE / ramie fiber composites during thermo-oxidative aging tests all indicate that treating ramie fiber with coupling agent can improve the anti-thermo-oxidative properties of the composites.
Design and Simulation of the Hydraulic System for the Rock Hob Test-Bed
Authors: Sun Jian , Zhao De Hong , Sun Hong , Wu Yu Hou , Zhou Peng , Zhang Ke , Zhao Kai Jun
Published: November 2010

Rock tunnel boring machine is one of the main machineries and equipments for underground engineering ,and the failure of tool systems is the main failure form of this machinery. Rock hob test-bed is the only testing equipment for tool failure and wear. In this paper, the hydraulic-driven system of the rock hob test bench is designed and simulated, and the effect of load and flow rate of hydraulic oil in this hydraulic system on characteristics of this test-bad is analyzed. The results show that the horizontal movement speed of test bench is directly proportional to the flow rate, but the effect of the load on this speed can be ignored; the delay of the movement of the test bench are proportional to the load. These results are very helpful to the structure optimization of tool system and the improvement of working efficiency.
Predicting Model in the Smelting Magnesium by Silicon-Thermo-Reduction Based on Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Ji Liang Bo , Li Yong Zhi
Published: November 2010

This paper described the application of neural networks in predicting the rate of producing magnesium by silicon-thermo-reduction. Fir st of all, a mathematical model between the process parameters and the the rate of producing magnesium was set up with neural network. When the model was satisfied, it could be used for predicting the rate of producing magnesium. Through doing a great number of productive tests in the winca(hebi) magnesium company with limited liability according to the satisfied model, the rate of the producing magnesium is increasing obviously. So it is a kind of effective means for increasing producing magnesium by silicon-thermo-reduction.
Effect of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of Cast Mg-7.3Al Alloy
Authors: Jia Su Qiu , Liu Guo Jun , Chen Qi Shuang
Published: November 2010

Mg-7.3Al magnesium alloys were investigated in the paper. The paper presents microstructural characterization of Mg-7.3Al alloy after casting and heat treatment. The casting temperature was 740°C and heat treatment was performed at 420 °C for 24 h with aging at 180 °C for 8h,16h,24h. The microstructure of the casting alloy consists of α-Mg phase matrix with a primary β phase (Mg17Al12) at grain boundaries. After solution treatment β phases were soluted in α-Mg phase matrix . Aging treatment caused β phases precipitation. The corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy was determined in 3.5 % NaCl by immersion tests and polarization curves. The results shows that the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy after solution treat is the best than that of the others heat treatment in polarization curve tests and the samples with aging for 16h and 24h presents higher corrosion resistance than those with solution and aging for 8h in immersion tests. Solution treatment plays a main role for corrosion resistance of Mg-7.3Al magnesium alloy in short term corrosion, but more continuous β phases in Mg-7.3Al alloy after ageing act as a barrier and play a main role in long term corrosion.
Asymptotic Crack-Tip Fields for Mixed Stationary Crack under Plane Stress Conditions in Pressure Sensitive and Elastic-Plastic Materials
Authors: Lu Chen Hua , Xing Su Fang , Wang Wen Jia , Sang Jian Bing , Liu Bo
Published: November 2010

Based on the parabolic yield criterion reflected by pressure sensitive and the SD effect, the material constitutive equation is given by orthogonal flow rule. In the plane stress condition, a basic solution in elastic-plastic crack tip field is given. The different structures of solutions with different plastic mixity are analyzed. Different parameters in crack-tip stress field and the singularity in the strain field are discussed. These results provide a theoretical reference for engineering applications.
Complexation of Cinnamon Essential Oil by β-Cyclodextrin and its Release Characteristics at High Temperature
Authors: Li Xi Hong , Yun Juan , Xing Ya Ge , Xiao Yao , Tang Yao
Published: November 2010

The high instability is one of the most important problems for cinnamon oil. The complexation of cinnamon oil by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its controlled release characteristics were investigated in this paper. The composition of microencapsulated cinnamon oil was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The size distribution and surface morphology of the resultant microcapsules were also characterized using Beckman Coulter particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. And the size distribution is narrow and the mean diameter is 20.78 μm. Results demonstrated the rates of cinnamon oil released from microencapsulation were accelerated with the increase of RH.
Dynamic Plastic Response of the Mg-Gd-Y Alloy over a Wide Range of Temperatures
Authors: Hou Qing Yu , Wang Jing Tao
Published: November 2010

In this paper, a new phenomenological and empirically based constitutive model was proposed to change the temperature term in the original Johnson-Cook constitutive model. The new model can be used to describe or predict the stress-strain relation of the metals deformed over a wide range of temperatures even though the current temperatures are lower than the reference temperature. Based on the impact compression data obtained by split Hopkins pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus about one hot-extrudedMg-10Gd-2Y-0.5Zr alloy, the material constants in the new model can be experimentally determined using isothermal and adiabatic stress-strain curves at different strain rates and temperatures. Good agreement is obtained between the predicted and the experimental flowcurves for the hot-extrudedMg-10Gd-2Y-0.5Zr alloy at both quasi-static and dynamic loadings under a wide range of temperatures ever though the current temperatures are lower than the reference temperature.
New Method for Measuring the Viscosity of the Molten Amorphous Alloy
Authors: Cao Li Jun , Wang Jing Song , Sun Wei , Wang Jing Hua , Sun Hao Yan
Published: November 2010

A new method, covering slag technology combining rotating cylinder method, has been proposed in this paper for measuring the viscosity of the molten amorphous alloy, and the viscosity of molten Zr50Cu50 alloy was measured. Furthermore, the changes of viscous activation energy Ev were analyzed. The measurement results showed: the viscosity of molten Zr50Cu50 alloy increases with decreasing temperature in the range of 1373 to 1208K and there is an overall exponential relationship. Two discontinuous points on the curve of lnη ~1/T have been found. After analyzing the changes of viscous activation energy Ev , the microstructure of molten alloy could be changed. The viscosity of molten Zr50Cu50 alloy is three orders of magnitude higher than that of some other alloys which is closely related with the excellent GFA of Zr50Cu50 alloy.
Study on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Rolled C-Mn-Si-Al TRIP Steel
Authors: Tang Zheng You , Ding Hua
Published: November 2010

The effect of the partial substitution of Si by Al on the microstructures and the mechanical properties of cold rolled C-Mn-Si TRIP steel was investigated. The results show that the partial substitution of Si by Al could refine the microstructures, increase the volume fraction of ferrite and retained austenite. In addition, the excellent mechanical properties of the Al partial substituted TRIP steel could be obtained, the tensile strength, total elongation and strength-ductility of C-Mn-Si-Al TRIP steel are 739MPa, 38% and 28082MPa%, respectively.
Influence of Si on the Electrochemical Performance of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti Sacrificial Anode Alloy
Authors: Wen Jiu Ba , He Jun Guang , Lu Xian Wen
Published: November 2010

The effects of Si content on the electrochemical performance of Al-5Zn-0.03In-1Mg- 0.05Ti (wt.%) alloy were studied by the electrochemical measurements and metallographic method. The optimal microstructures and electrochemical performance were obtained when the Si content in Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti alloy was 0.1 wt.%. This anode alloy shows a current efficiency of 94.3% with even corrosion. However, in the case of Si content over 0.1 wt.%, the electrochemical performance of aluminum sacrificial anode shows only a nil improvement, and the corrosion morphology becomes uneven. The results reveal that the appropriate amount of Si is effective on reducing the harmful effect of iron impurities, improving the non-uniform corrosion and the electrochemistry performance of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti alloy.
Study on Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Cu-Ni-Si Alloy
Authors: Zhang Yi , Tian Bao Hong , Liu Ping , Jia Shu Guo , Fan Li , Liu Yong
Published: November 2010

The flow stress behavior of Cu-2.0Ni-0.5Si alloy during hot compression deformation was studied by isothermal compression test at Gleeble-1500D thermal-mechanical simulator.Dynamic recrystallization and dynamic recovery during high temperature deformation have been investigated by means of compression tests in the temperature and strain rate ranges of 873 to 1073 K and 0.01 to 5s-1 under maxium strain of 60%. The results show the flow stress was controlled by both strain rate and deforming temperature,the flow stress decreases with the increase of deforming temperature,while increases with the increase of strain rate.The hot deformation equation is e& = e28.47[sinh(0.013s )]5.52 exp(-245.4´103 / RT ) .
Artificial Neural Network for Predicting the Flow Behaviors of Hot Compressed 2124-T851 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Lin Yong Cheng , Chen Xiao Min , Xia Yu Chi
Published: November 2010

The compressive deformation experiments of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy were carried out over a wide range of temperature and strain rate. An artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed for the analysis and simulation of the correlation between the flow behaviors of hot compressed 2124-T851 aluminum alloy and working conditions. The input parameters of the model consist of strain rate, forming temperature and deformation degree whereas flow stress is the output. A three layer feed-forward network with 15 neurons in a single hidden layer and back propagation (BP) learning algorithm has been employed. Good performance of the ANN model is achieved. The predicted results are consistent with what is expected from fundamental theory of hot compression deformation, which indicates that the excellent capability of the developed ANN model to predict the flow stress level, the strain hardening and flow softening stages is well evidenced.
Numerical Solution and Parameter Analysis of Structure with Different Modulus
Authors: Yao Wen Juan , Hu Bao Lin , Fang Ting Chen
Published: November 2010

Materials with different modulus in tension and compression have a wide application in engineering practice, especially the composite materials developed in recent years, which have properties of different tension-compression modulus. To exploring the general features of mechanical properties of structures with different modulus, the dimensionless equation of finite element was deduced for structure with different modulus, and corresponding finite element program was developed .the stresses of the cantilever beam by program of the theory with different modulus. The impacts on member stresses resulted from the change of structure size, external load and the ratio of different modulus are compared and analyzed. Finally, we have drawn a conclusion that the property of different modulus of the material is very important to its stress, and have given out suggestions on the optimization of state of structural stress.
Microstructure and Texture Evolution during Recrystallization of Interstitial Free Steel
Authors: Mao Wei , Yu Hao , Sun Wei Hua
Published: November 2010

The evolution of microstructure and texture due to recrystallization was investigated in cold rolled interstitial free (IF) steel. Samples taken from the cold band of a 0.07%Ti bearing IF steel with total cold rolling reduction of 75% were investigated by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron back-scattered diffraction etc. The aim of this study was to obtain a real picture of the formation of the recrystallization texture of IF steel, which would contribute to proper texture control for improving deep drawability. The mechanism responsible for the evolution of texture is discussed experimentally from four aspects. First of all, the microstructure of partially annealed cold rolled specimen is obtained. The recrystallized grain form earlier in more darkly etched regions from the micrographs, which belong to the ND//<111> fiber components. In addition, the fractions of the {111}<110> and {111}<112> components increase slowly during the early stage of recrystallization, because the γ-fiber recrystallized texture is growing, while at the same time the γ-fiber deformed texture is being consumed. Moreover, The texture formation has been discussed taking into consideration of the stored energy and the misorientation between the orientation of the recrystallized grain and that of the surrounding deformed matrix. The work indicates that the recrystallized grains, which migrate into the deformed grains, are mainly with the high misorientation angles. The large percentage of the recrystallized grains, whose misorientation angles with deformed grains exceed 15°, are corresponding to the {111} transformation texture. Nucleation first starts at colonies that have the highest stored energy of deformation, which has the same orientation as the deformed grains. By analysis, the formation of recrystallization texture was well explained by oriented nucleation mechanism rather than by selective growth mechanism.
A Systematized FMEA Practice for Magnet Relays
Authors: Cheng Ching Ming , Wu Wen Fang , Hsu Yao
Published: November 2010

The Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (DFMEA) are generally applied to risk management of New Product Development (NPD) through standardization of potential failure modes and effect-ranking of rating criterion with failure modes. Typical 1 to 10 of effect-ranking are widely weighed the priority of classification, that framing effects and status quo senses might cause decision trap happening thus. The FMEA follows considerable indexes which are including Severity, Occurrence and Detection, and need be associated with difference between every two failures individually. However, we suspect that a more systematic construction of the analysis by which failure modes belong is necessary in order to make intellectual progress in this area. Two ways of such differentiation and construction are improvable effect-ranking and systematized indexes; here we resolve for attributes of failures with classification, maturity and experiance of indexes according to an existing rule. In Severity model, the larger differentiation is achieved by separating indexes to the classification of the Law & Regulation, Function and Cosmetic. Occurrence model has its characteristic a reliable ranking indexwhich assists decisionmakers to manage their venture. This is the model most closely associate with product maturity by grouping indexes to the new, extend and series product. Detection model offers a special perspective on cost; here the connections concerned with phase occasion of the review, verification and validation. Such differentiations will be proposed and mapped with the Life Cycle Profile (LCP) to systematize FMEA. Meanwhile, a more reasonable Risk Priority Number (RPN) with the new weighting rule will be worked out for effect-ranking and management system will be integrated systematiclly
Direct Deoxidation of ZrOCl2 Powder to Zirconium With Non-Sintering
Authors: Zou Xiang Yu , Xie Hong Wei , Zhai Yu Chun , Lang Xiao Chuan
Published: November 2010

Direct electro-deoxidation of zirconium oxychloride powder without sintering in molten CaCl2 and NaCl mixture salt was studied. Molten CaCl2 and NaCl mixture salt as electrolyte, a little graphite crucible filled with zirconium oxychloride powder as novel cathode and a graphite rod as anode, deoxidation experiments were performed at 700 and 3.2V for 8h and 15h, respectively. Results show that using new material of zirconium oxychloride and the method of direct electro-deoxidation without sintering can be applied to the preparation of fine zirconium metal particles, which have a great advantage in cheap cost, short technical process, and energy saving.
Anelastic Behavior of Nanocrystalline Fe-Cr Alloy Obtained by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Zhou Zheng Cun , Du J. , Yang H.
Published: November 2010

Anelastic behavior of nanocrystalline Fe-17 wt.%Cr alloy obtained by mechanical alloying was investigated using a multifunctional internal friction apparatus. Internal friction (Q-1) and relative dynamic modulus (f2) have been measured as a function of temperature by free-decay method from room temperature to 400oC for the ball-milled Fe-17 wt.%Cr alloy The specimens with different milling time were examined by XRD to determine the solid solubility of Fe and Cr atoms and detect the lattice strain of the compacted specimen before and after annealing. TEM observation was employed to obtain further information about the morphology and microstructure, especially crystalline size, of the milled Fe and Cr mixture powders. It has been suggested that the anelastic behavior of ball-milled nanocrystalline Fe-17 wt.%Cr alloy origins from the viscoelastic sliding at the interfaces resulting from the thermally-activating process. The damping increasing of the specimen with smaller grain sizes is larger than that of the specimen with larger grain sizes with increasing temperature since the former contains more interfaces. The increase in the relative dynamic modulus is attributed to the structural reordering with the lowering of lattice micro-strain that is produced during milling when temperature is over 300oC.
Effect of Amino Acids on the Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Mg-Li Alloy Anodic Oxide Film
Authors: Chang Li Min , Wang Peng , Liu Wei
Published: November 2010

In this paper, Mg-Li alloy anodic oxide films were prepared with different amino acid as additive. The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the main compositions of the anodic oxide films are MgO, Mg(OH)2 and LiOH. The anodic oxide films with amino acid as additive have uniformer surface and higher corrosion resistance than that without additive, but with the increase of the carbon chain of amino acid, the effect is reduced gradually.
Influence of Acid-Treated Carbon Nano-Tubes on the Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Nano-Tubes Polyurethane Composites
Authors: Gu Ji You , Zhang Lan , Jiang Xian Kai
Published: November 2010

The investigations including the acid treatment to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWNTs) and the synthesis of MWNTs/polyurethane composites via in situ polymerization were done. X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were utilized for evaluating the effects of acid-treated MWNTs on the properties and microstructure of the composites. The results indicated that carboxyl groups could be successfully introduced onto the surface of MWNTs by acid treatment. The dynamic storage modulus and glass transition temperature of composites increased with the existence of MWNTs. The improvement of polyurethane by acid-treated MWNTs performed better compared to raw MWNTs.
Microstructure and Properties of Magnesium Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Processing
Authors: Guo Xiao Qin , Guo Yong Chun , Zhao Xin
Published: November 2010

Mg-6Zn-0.6Zr magnesium alloy (ZK60) was extruded by equal channel angular processing (ECAP) equipment via 2, 4, 6 passes at 400°C. The corresponding microstructure and hardness were examined. The change of the crystal plane in this processing was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show that, ECAP favors recrystallization and refines grains with the increase of pass times. The grains are significantly refined to 10um after 6 passes and the hardness is improved to 79.8HV after 4 passes.
Effect of Simulation Conditions on Grain Selection during Solidification of Single Crystal Casting
Authors: Liu Chun Tao , Li Xiang Mei , Wang Bo , Ren Zhong Ming , Zhang Jie Yu
Published: November 2010

A macro-scale ProCAST and a meso-scale Cellular Automaton Finite Element model (CAFE) are used to simulate the grain selection during solidification with different simulation conditions. To improve the efficiency of the spiral grain selector, the effects of spiral geometries, boundary conditions and nucleation parameters on the grain selection are investigated. Simulation results reveal that the spiral geometries affect the height where the single crystal occurs in the spiral selector when volume nucleation is neglected. The average orientation deviation and grain number is relatively insensitive to volume nucleation and thermal boundary conditions around grain selector, and the thermal boundary conditions in the top of grain selector being of lesser importance.
The Strucuture Transformation of Silicon Anode Material Induced by Lithium Ion Insertion
Authors: Wen Zhong Sheng , Cheng Mei Kang , Sun Jun Cai
Published: November 2010

Silicon is the most attractive for the largest theoretical insertion capacity of all known host materials except lithium metal. In this paper, the course of lithium insertion into Si material, especially of the first cycle, has been discussed. Anode phase structure, impedance and character, morphology is presented and discussed in this paper. Changes on different crystal lattices revealed the possibility that the structure collapsed firstly began on lattice (220). Distinct crack on the surface of silicon particles has been observed when the anode was discharged to 0.02V.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties of Thiophene-Containing Chloro Re(I) Complex
Authors: Wang Jie Xiu , Zhao Feng
Published: November 2010

Two tricarbonyl rhenium complexes with the formula of [Re(CO)3(L)Cl], where L=1,10-phenanthroline (Phen-Re) and 2-(3-thienyl)-imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline (TIPh-Re), were successfully synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR and UV–Vis with the aim to analyze the effect of the thiophene(TI) moiety on the photophysical properties of TIPh-Re. It was found that the introduction of an π-electron density moiety into diimine ligands leads to a dramatic red shift of the absorption of the corresponding Re(I) complex. At the same time, the results verify that the triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer dπ(Re)→π*(N-N) emission (3MLCT) of Phen-Re and TIPh-Re centered at ca. 566 nm and ca.569 nm, respectively.
Difference of Corrosion Characteristics of the Welding Zone between Laser and TIG Welding
Authors: Moon Kyung Man , Kim Yun Hae , Lee Myung Hoon
Published: November 2010

Two kinds of welding methods were performed on 22APU stainless steel: laser welding and TIG welding. In this case, the differences of the corrosion characteristics of the welded zones between the two welding methods mentioned above were investigated with electrochemical methods such as the measurement of corrosion potential, polarization curves, cyclic voltammogram, etc. The Vickers hardness of all welded zones (WM:Weld Metal, HAZ:Heat-Affected Zone, BM:Base Metal) was relatively higher for the laser welding than for the TIG welding. Furthermore, the laser welding method’s corrosion current densities in all welding zones were also observed to have a lower value compared to TIG welding. In particular, the corrosion current density of BM, regardless of the welding method, was the lowest value among all other welding zones. Intergranular corrosion was not observed at the corroded surface of all laser-welded welding zones; however, it was observed at the TIG-welded WM and HAZ welding zones, which suggests that chromium depletion due to the formation of chromium carbide occurs on the WM and HAZ which are in the range of sensitization temperatures, therefore the zones can easily be corroded with a more active anode. Consequently, we can see that corrosion resistance of all welding zones of 22APU stainless steel may be improved by the use of laser welding. Keywords: Laser welding, TIG welding, Corrosion potential, Weld metal, Heat affected zone, Polarization curves, Chromium depletion1.Introduction In recent years, use of austenitic stainless steel, which has a high corrosion resistance, has been increasing due to the development of industries, such as atomic energy, aerospace, petro chemical, etc. When stainless steel was welded for numerous kinds of structures, intergranular corrosion would often be observed at the area surrounding the welding zone due to chromium depletion; in addition, there are numerous papers which have investigated both general corrosion and intergranular corrosion[1-6]. However, there are few experimental results on the effect of corrosion control at the welding zones when laser or TIG welding are used for the purpose of constructing heat exchangers with 22 APU stainless steel. Although laser welding is more expensive than TIG welding, laser welding is often used instead of TIG welding for the production of heat exchangers. Consequently, it has been suggested that, from a long-term point of view, laser welding is more economic than TIG welding. In this study, when TIG and laser welding are performed on the stainless steel, the differences of the corrosion characteristics in the welding zone was investigated with electrochemical methods. The experimental results are therefore expected to provide useful reference data for the appreciation of mechanical and corrosion characteristics in the welding zones.
Effect of Applied Potentials on Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of X80 Pipeline Steel in Simulated Soil Solution
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Yu Hong Ying , Zhang Li Xin , Wang Ying , Meng Xu , Sun Dong Bai
Published: November 2010

The stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of X80 pipeline steel was investigated in a simulated soil solution using slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests. The different potentials were applied in the tests. The fracture surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X80 steel was susceptible to SCC in simulated solution. The SCC susceptibility had no apparent change with the anodic potentials applied. The fracture mechanism was anodic dissolution. However, the SCC susceptibility increased with the decrease of the cathodic potentials obviously. The cracking was induced by the Hydrogen diffusing into the metal.
The Characteristic of Ceramic Coatings Prepared on Magnesium Alloy AZ91D by Micro-Arc Oxidization in Silicate Electrolyte
Authors: Shi Xi Chang , Xiao Xiang , Chen Bai Zhen , Shang Wei
Published: November 2010

A novel process of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) on AZ91D magnesium alloy is investigated in a Na2SiO3-NaOH-montmorillonite-EDTA-acacia gum electrolyte solution. The morphologies, elements distribution, phase components of the coatings are characterized by SEM, EDS and XRD. And CHI600 electrochemistry corrosion workstation is employed to investigate the property of corrosion resistance of the coatings. Furthermore, the anti-corrosion behavior is analyzed immersed in 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution. The results reveal that the ceramic coatings have the relatively dense and uniform in thickness and the silicon element tends to present primarily in the outer region of the coatings. The XRD results indicate that the oxide films are mainly composed of Mg2SiO4 and MgAl2O4 phases. The immersion results show that the corrosion resistances of the ceramic coatings on AZ91D magnesium surface are better than the magnesium substrate.
Effect of Bi Content on Electrochemical Properties of Al-Bi-Sn-In-Ga Alloys
Authors: Liu Xin , Kong Xiao Dong
Published: November 2010

Five Al-Bi-Sn-In-Ga alloys with different Bi content were designed and prepared. Their electrochemical properties in 3% sodium chloride solution, the distribution of alloying elements and surface morphologies were studied by means of loss of weight method, polarization curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and energy spectrum analysis. The results indicate that, a good deal Bi and other alloying elements form new phases which exist in grain boundaries in the form of dot or granule, and Bi rich regions are prone to become the inductive points of pitting corrosion. Moreover, there is a certain linear relation between Bi content and the self corrosion rate.
Measuring Residual Stress of 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spherical Indentation
Authors: Jin Hong Ping , Yang Wen Yu , Yan Lin
Published: November 2010

In this study, we have used the FE method to investigate the effect of in-plane residual stress and strain-hardening exponent on the indenter load, indentation work and residual depth. Based on the reverse analysis, the 304 stainless steel’s residual stress and strain-hardening exponent can be measured fromone simple indentation test by using spherical indenter. The comparison between residual stress or strain-hardening predicted from reverse analysis and the input residual stress or strain-hardening used in numerical indentation experiments shows good agreement.
Environmental and Economic Assessment of Pre-Training Electrolytic Aluminum Production - A Case Study of China
Authors: Hong Jing Min , Ismail Zainab Z. , Hong Jing Lan
Published: November 2010

A life cycle assessment was carried out to estimate the environmental and economic impact s of pre-training electrolytic aluminum systems. The technology significantly contributed to non-carcinogens, respiratory inorganics, terrestrial ecotoxicity, global warming and non-renewable energy potential impacts. The technology played only a small role in the adverse impact of carcinogens, aquatic ecotoxicity, and mineral extraction categories, while the influence of the technologies on the way other elements affect the environment was ignorable. Specifically, the emissions from the aluminum oxides production and electricity consumption stages involved played an important role, while potential impact generated from transport, infrastructure, waste treatment, cryolite production, and aluminum fluoride production was quite small. Energy generation based on natural gas is an effective way to minimize overall environment impact. This research indicates that there are high potentials for improving environmental performance of the electrolytic aluminum production in China.
Effect of α-Al2O3 Nano-Additives on Properties of Anodic Oxide Films on AZ91D Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Ma Xiao Chun , Li Tao , Ni Yu Ping
Published: November 2010

The effect of α-Al2O3 nano-additives on anodic oxide film-forming and film performance was studied. The morphology and phase compositions of the anodic oxide films were analyzed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the anodic films with nano-Al2O3 was investigated by immersion test and potentiodynamic polarization technique. The results show that anodic oxide films mainly consists of Mg, Al12Mg17, γ-Al2O3, a little of Si and α-Al2O3. The corrosion resistance property of magnesium alloy can be improved with the addition of α-Al2O3 nano-additives.
Synthesis of CuO Nanocrystals in a Water-Isopropanol System
Authors: Zhu Jun Wu , Cheng Tian Jian , Sun Dong Ping , Han Qiao Feng , Wang Xin
Published: November 2010

A facile method capable of preparing CuO nanocrystals has been developed in a water-isopropanol system. The different shapes of CuO nanocrystals can be obtained simply by adjusting the amount of adding water in the reaction system. Rod-like CuO nanocrystals with diameters of 5 nm and lengths of 20 nm, and spherical CuO nanoparticles with sizes of 5-8 nm can be formed. Furthermore, the obtained CuO product has a high surface area of 128 m2/g, which is very important for its applications especially in catalysts.
Preparation and Ferroelectric Properties of (Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Han Li Ren , Fu Wei Guo , Deng Xiang Yun , Guan Xiao Fen , Tan Zhong Wen , Lu Cheng , Yang Ren Bo , Zhang Yan Jie
Published: November 2010

(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BCT) powders and ceramics have been prepared by sol-gel technique. Structural evolution of the BCT dry gels are investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetry. It is found that BCT crystallites can be formed before 800 . Well-sintered samples are synthesized at 1260 for 2h. The crystal structure of the BCT powders is studied by XRD and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics are characterized by TF analyzer 2000. The Curie temperature Tc of the BCT ceramics is at about 125 . The maximum dielectric constant (εr) reaches about 4851 at 125 and hysteresis loops are measured with the temperature range from 25 to 150 .
Controlled Grafting of S-Naproxen Imprinted Layer on PVDF Microporous Membrane by ATRP
Authors: Bing Nai Ci , Tian Zhen , Zhu Lu Ping , Jin Hai Ying , Wang Ling Ling , Wang Li Jun
Published: November 2010

Controlled grafting of S-naproxen-imprinting polymer layer on the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microporous was carried out by the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Polymerization time was used as the independent variable to manipulate the amount of grafted imprinting polymer on the membrane surface. SEM, SPM and UV spectrum were used to study the structural morphology and selectivity of membranes and probe the incorporation of imprinted polymer layer on the surface of PVDF membranes . Results indicate that the integration of ATRP and molecularly imprinted polymeriaztion realize preparation of molecular selective membranes and it is possible to tune selectivity and morphology in rational way by changing polymerziton times.