bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of EPDM scrap/ natural fiber vulcanization by solvent swelling analysis
Authors: Kantun-Uicab María Cristina , Estrada-Monje Anayansi , Rodríguez-Sánchez Isis
Published: January 2025

In the rubber industry there is an opportunity to reuse unvulcanized rubber scrap
generated during the formulation process, as well as to find alternatives for its use.
For this reason, in this work the characterization of EPDM/natural fiber scrap with
different proportions is studied through rheological and swelling studies according
to the Flory Rehner Equation. The solvents used were distilled water, cyclohexane
and toluene at different exposure times. The results found allow us to conclude that
the fiber content in EPDM rubber does not affect the scorch time, the maximum
vulcanization time. In the case of swelling analysis, the observed changes had a
maximum increase of approximately 3% when the fiber content in the composite
material increased when they were exposed to water and toluene, this was attributed
to the characteristics of the EPDM studied in this work.
Características de la invasión al sistema nervioso central en leucemia linfoblástica aguda. Experiencia de cinco años en dos centros de Ciudad de México
Authors: Ramos Peñafiel Christian Omar , Pérez Sámano Daniela , Olarte Carrillo Irma , Gallardo Rodríguez Adán Germán , Cerón Maldonado Rafael , Martínez Tovar Adolfo
Published: January 2025

Introducción. La invasión o infiltración al sistema nervioso central (SNC) puede presentarse tanto en el diagnóstico como en el seguimiento. Factores como la hiperleucocitosis, fenotipo T, t (1;19) o punciones traumáticas aumentan el riesgo. Los resultados con tratamiento intratecal son variables y requieren la combinación de quimioterapia sistémica o radioterapia. La asociación con infiltración de la médula ósea empeora el pronóstico.
Objetivos. En este estudio se describen las características de los casos con leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) e infiltración del SNC en pacientes atendidos en dos centros de referencia en México.
Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, en pacientes adultos con LLA e infiltración del SNC en el diagnóstico o durante el seguimiento, detectada por citomorfología o por citometría de flujo.
Resultados. Se estudiaron 30 pacientes, 73,3 % fueron hombres, la media de edad fue 29 años (17 a 57 años). El 86,7 % (n=26) correspondieron a pacientes con un riesgo alto de recaída y mayormente con fenotipo B (93,3 %). En el 70,0 % de los casos el diagnóstico se realizó por citomorfología y en el 26,7 %, por citometría de flujo; el síntoma principal fue cefalea (56,7 %) y el 10,0 % cursaron con alguna neuropatía periférica. El tiempo promedio para recaída fue de 417 días, el 66,7 % (n=20) logró una respuesta favorable a quimioterapia intratecal intensiva dos veces por semana. Un 33,3 % (n=10) ameritó la combinación con otras estrategias. La infiltración del SNC en un periodo menor de 400 días se asoció con un peor pronóstico.
Conclusión. La infiltración al SNC es una complicación esperada que requiere una rápida resolución para prevenir la recaída en la médula ósea.
Incidencia de la enfermedad injerto contra huésped aguda en los pacientes con trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos de donante HLA idéntico intrafamiliar en un centro hospitalario
Authors: Guarín Castañeda Angie Paola , Mora Figueroa Gloria Elena , Pedraza Mesa Enrique , Figueroa-Camacho Javier Leonardo , Peña Ardila Oscar Javier , López Mora María José , Pinzón leal Paula Lucía , Lamadrid Sastre Cesar Augusto , López Castañeda Gustavo Adolfo , Villamizar Gómez Francy Licet , Gómez Calcetero Carlos Fernando , Gómez Ortiz Mauricio Efrain , Ardila Robles Sergio Felipe , Esguerra Herman
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Una de las complicaciones del trasplante alogénico de precursores hematopoyéticos es la enfermedad injerto contra huésped aguda (EICHa). El objetivo de este estudio es describir su incidencia y factores de riesgo en una cohorte de pacientes adultos receptores de trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos de donante HLA idéntico intrafamiliar (Alo-TPH DFI, por sus siglas en inglés).
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte descriptiva histórica que incluyó pacientes que recibieron Alo-TPH DFI entre 2015 y 2018 en un centro médico de Bogotá, Colombia.
Resultados: El 59,79 % (n=58) de los pacientes manifestó EICHa. En el análisis de regresión de Cox, univariado y multivariado, el sexo femenino del donante se presentó como un factor pronóstico con diferencias estadísticas significativas (p=0,0400 y p=0,0040, respectivamente). Se evidenciaron como predictores independientes de la EICHa al año del trasplante el acondicionamiento mieloablativo (HR=2,43, p=0,0230), la profilaxis que no incluyera ciclofosfamida (HR=2,48, p=0,0290) y la edad del donante (HR=1,02, p=0,0200). Sobre la supervivencia libre de recaída al año, se halló diferencia entre los pacientes con EICHa y sin EICHa con 90,51 % y 63,94 %, respectivamente (p=0,0014). Así mismo, se encontró que los pacientes con EICHa GI-II tuvieron una supervivencia global (SG) del 85,71 %, mientras que en los pacientes con EICHa GIII-IV fue del 63,64 % (ꭓ2=0,0633).
Conclusiones: La incidencia de EICHa en este trabajo es similar a la encontrada en estudios previos. El desarrollo de EICHa disminuyó el riesgo de recaída e impacto en la supervivencia libre de progresión a un año, pero la mejoría en la SG se limitó a los pacientes con EICHa grados I y II.
‘Use it as a backup rather than your main pillar of learning’: how self-directed learners use Generative AI in Project Based Learning
Authors: Robertson Judy
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this paper is to learn from the strategies used by skilled self-directed learners who successfully integrate GenAI tools into project-based learning, to inform future educational practices for students and educators. The paper reports a thematic analysis of interviews with ten final-year undergraduate computer science students using a coding scheme based on previous self-directed learning (SDL) frameworks. Findings indicate that the students used GenAI tools to gather information, deepen topic understanding, and explore resources. The students had high self-efficacy towards their ability to use GenAI tools but were appropriately critical of the tools’ accuracy. Students used GenAI throughout the planning, monitoring, evaluating and adapting phases of the SDL process. The paper also presents vignettes of four contrasting approaches from students who mastered prompt engineering, learned a new programming language with a GenAI tool in the role of a knowledgeable friend, used a GenAI tool to assist with motivational regulation, and deliberately opted out of GenAI tools for particular tasks which needed a human touch. The students remained autonomous; they were directors of their own learning, choosing when to use GenAI tools for particular learning tasks.Form these findings we developed a framework of reflective questions to guide students in the appropriate use of GenAI tools at each stage of the self-directed learning process. We offer recommendations for educators focus on modelling and supporting learners to incorporate GenAI tools appropriately and responsibly into self-directed learning projects.
Evolution: Systems and Novelty – an Interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Shorkend Daniel
Published: January 2025

In this essay I argue that evolution can be thought of as both a slow progress of development over
time that settles on a definite form (or system) which then repeats itself, as well as, a highly creative, playful and
unpredictable activity. I have argued this approach rather metaphorically, borrowing terms from art,
mathematics and science, in order to apply evolutionary thinking in broad and general terms, and in the process
link the natural and the cultural, the sciences and the humanities. This interdisciplinary framework suggests an
epistemological unity.
French Revolution and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind”: The Strong Voice of Revolutionary Spirit
Authors: Dr. Md. AbulKalam Azad Dr. Md. AbulKalam Azad , Dr. Md. Sazzad Hossain Dr. Md. Sazzad Hossain
Published: January 2025

The slogan of the French Revolution—the freedom of speech, the freedom of choice, and the freedom of movement—the liberty, that is sought throughout the world crossing the frontiers of France and the greater Europe, has become the spiritual strength of the Romantic poets like William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, and Percy Bysshe Shelley. Romanticism, that begins with the publication of Lyrical Balladsin 1798, just one year before the end of the French Revolution in 1799, continues to grow in reaction to the effects of the social transformation caused by the Revolution.In the opinion of Thomas Carlyle, “The French Revolution plays a strong and vital role that influencesthe Romantic writers. As the Revolution begins to play out the absolute monarchy, that had ruled France for centuries after centuries and collapsed in only three years, the spirit of it results in a complete transformation of society” (Carlyle, 1906). In the words of Albert Hancock, "The French Revolution came, bringing with it the promise of a brighter day, the promise of regenerated man and regenerated earth. It was hailed with joy and acclamation by the oppressed, by the ardent lovers of humanity, by the poets, whose task it is to voice the human spirit” (Hancock, 1899).Percy Bysshe Shelley is highly influenced by the Revolution that is reflected in his poems, particularly in “Ode to the West Wind” (1819),originally published in 1820 by Charles Ollier in London as part of the collection Prometheus Unbound: A Lyrical Drama in Four Acts, with Other Poems, where the ‘Wind’ becomes the trope for spreading the word of change through the poetic speculations. The spirit of French Revolution is fully reflected in the poem where Shelley invites the young generation of his own time as well as the following generations to bring a rapid change in the society they live. This paper proposes to investigate how the Revolution influences Romantic poetry, particularly Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” to spread the message of the Revolutionthrough his poetic speculations in the young minds of his readers that fuels new thoughts and ideas into the future researchers.
A Preliminary Description of the Phonology of Ri-Bhoi Amri Karbi
Authors: Teronpi Mirdom
Published: January 2025

"A Phonological Description of Ri-Bhoi Amri Karbi," examines the phonological characteristics of
a particular variety of the Karbi language spoken in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. Amri Karbi, which is a
variation of Karbi spoken in the plains of Assam, specifically the Kamrup district and Meghalaya, is the primary
focus of this study. The study was conducted in Umrang village, located at Umrang, Rongkru Branch Nongpoh,
Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya. Two interviews were conducted at the village head's residence, each lasting
approximately three to four hours. The interviews took place on March 3rd and 12th, 2023. Three native speakers
of Amri Karbi from Umrang, Ri-Bhoi district, participated in the study and a total of 835 words were collected
from the basic vocabulary list. The data was analysed using the Phonology Assistant software, while Praat
software was utilised for phonetic analysis. The phonological inventory of the language was determined using the
minimal pair test. Analysis of Ri-Bhoi Amri Karbi phonology reveals the presence of segmental and
suprasegmental phonemes. The language consists of 21 consonant phonemes, including eleven stops or plosives
(/p pʰ b t d tʰ k kʰ c ɟ ʔ/), five fricatives (/β ɸ s ʃ h/), three nasals (/m n ŋ/), and two approximants, namely flap (/ɾ/)
and lateral (/l/). In terms of place of articulation, there are six bilabial phonemes (/p pʰ b ɸ β m/), one labiodental
(/v/ - although it occurs as a free variation), seven alveolar phonemes (/t tʰ d s n l ɾ/), one post-alveolar phoneme
(/ʃ/), three palatal phonemes (/c Ɉ j/), three velar phonemes (/k kʰ ŋ/), and two glottal sounds (/ʔ h/). Additionally,
there are seven vowel phonemes in Ri-Bhoi Amri Karbi, namely /i/, /a/, /ɛ/, /e/, /u/, /o/, and /ɔ/. The language
features only one diphthong (/ai/), which occurs exclusively as open syllables, primarily in word-final positions.
When comparing the Hills Karbi (spoken in Karbi Anglong) and the Plains Karbi (Amri Karbi), differences can
be observed in terms of phonology, morphology, and syntactic structure. While several studies have been
conducted on the socio-cultural and linguistic aspects of Amri Karbi as a whole, there is a lack of linguistic
research available on the Ri-Bhoi variety. This study aims to fill that gap and serve as a valuable resource for
future investigations of the language. The Ri-Bhoi Karbi variety shows differences in its sound system as and when
compared with that of the Kamrup Amri Karbi. This variety, therefore, requires a special study. In addition, the
status of the Amri Karbi variety is threatened. The Ri-Bhoi Karbis have also started losing speakers; while some
have chosen to speak in the state language, Khasi, some have learnt the standard Karbi and have intermixed the
two unique dialects. In this way, it is on the verge of language death. Therefore, it is hoped that this study will
more so be of some use in the promoting the language use amongst the speakers.
BIMBINGAN SPIRITUAL PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Mulidah Siti , Asrin Asrin , Sukrillah Ulfah Agus
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang: Perawat kurang berperan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual. pasien kanker payudara memerlukan bimbingan spiritual dalam menghadapi penyakit yang dideritanya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk bimbingan spiritual pada pasien kanker payudara di rumah sakit. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian diskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto tahun 2023. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pasien kanker payudara yang berjumlah 30 responden. Data tingkat spiritual dan bimbingan spiritual diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Data penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Mann Whitney Test. Hasil: Mayoritas usia antara 45-54 tahun yaitu 33,0%, tingkat pendidikan dasar SLTP/sederajat 29,7% dan SD/sederajat 26,4%, kebanyakan ibu bekerja, pendapatan kurang  sebesar 9,9%,  kebanyakan menjalani kemoterapi < 12 bulan. Tingkat spiritualitas paling banyak sedang (57%). Tingkat kecemasan responden mayoritas sedang (50%) dan tinggi 30%. Ada hubungan antara tingkat spiritualiatas dengan tingkat kecemasan pasien kanker payudara di rumah sakit (p = 0.001). Bimbingan spiritual pasien kanker payudara di rumah sakit oleh perawat yang sudah dilakukan sebatas mengingatkan supaya menjalankan sholat dan berdoa/berzikir pada pagi hari. Kesimpulan: Pasien kanker payudara mengalami tingkat spiritual yang rendah dan mengalami kecemasan sehingga diperlukan bimbingan spiritual dalam memberikan pelayanan keperawatan.
Evaluasi Implementasi Konsep Green Planning And Design
Authors: Mugni Panjhi Arieq Naufal , Muhibuddin Andi , Syafri Syafri
Published: January 2025

Pengembangan kawasan perkotaan di Indonesia berkembang sangat cepat, dan dinamis sehingga aktivitas dan pengembangannya akan menimbulkan berbagai macam problematika dan dampak permasalahan lingkungan seperti ketidakseimbangan antara pertumbuhan kawasan perkotaan dan peningkatan kualitas lingkungan. Kondisi inilah yang menjadikan Kota menjadi tidak nyaman untuk dihuni. Kabupaten Maros pun telah menjadi kabupaten yang berkembang sangat pesat mengikuti perkembangan kota Metropolitan Makassar sebagai kota Induk, memaksa Kabupaten Maros yang menjadi bagian dari kawasan perkotaan Mamminasta (Makassar, Maros, Sungguminasa, dan Takalar), menjadi berkembang dengan cepat. Terkhusus pada kawasan perkotaan baru di Kecamatan Moncongloe yang menjadi kawasan kota Satelit. Namun adapula ancaman yang terjadi di Kecamatan Moncongloe yaitu sering terjadinya Banjir, pembakaran sampah oleh masyarakat serta pengelolaan drainase yang kurang baik maka diperlukan suatu konsep pencegahan dan penanganan untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut yaitu konsep kota hijau atau biasa disebut “Green city”. Adapun konsep pendekatan ini masih belum maksimal diterapkan di Kecamatan Moncongloe, maka output dari penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi seberapa besarkah penerapan yang telah dilakukan di lokasi penelitian serta merumuskan strategi untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari setiap indikator kota hijau.
The development of urban areas in Indonesia is developing very fast, and is dynamic, so that its activities and development will cause various kinds of problems and impacts of environmental problems, such as imbalances between the growth of urban areas and the improvement of environmental quality. This condition makes the city uncomfortable to live in. Maros Regency has also become a district that is developing very rapidly following the development of the Metropolitan city of Makassar as the main city, forcing Maros Regency which is part of the Mamminasta urban area (Makassar, Maros, Sungguminasa, and Takalar) to develop rapidly. Especially in the new urban area in Moncongloe District which is a satellite city area. However, there are also threats that occur in Moncongloe District, namely frequent flooding, burning of garbage by the community and poor drainage management, so a concept of prevention and handling is needed to overcome these problems, namely the concept of a green city or commonly called "Green city". The concept of this approach is still not maximally applied in Moncongloe District, so the output of this study is to evaluate how much implementation has been done in the research location and formulate strategies to improve the performance of each indicator of a green city.
Transformaciones y retos de la profesión contable en la era de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Diana Soledad Morel Marín  , Mirtha Insfrán Cibils  , Chap Kau Kwan Chung
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha emergido como una fuerza transformadora en diversos campos profesionales y la contabilidad no es una excepción. Estos avances están cambiando el paradigma tradicional del contador, llevando a una reconfiguración de su rol en las organizaciones. El objetivo es evaluar las implicaciones de la implementación de la IA en la transformación y los retos de la profesión contable. Se basó en un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y descriptivo. Se encuestó a 38 participantes mediante un cuestionario compuesto por 12 preguntas con respuestas dicotómicas por juicio vía online en los meses de marzo/2023 a mayo/2024. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: profesionales del área de contabilidad/auditoría, con conocimientos en la integración de tecnologías avanzadas, prácticas contables mediante la IA y participación voluntaria. Los aspectos éticos como el consentimiento informado, privacidad y confidencialidad de los datos fueron tomados en cuenta. Los resultados más relevantes fueron: 78.9% considera que la IA tiene un impacto significativo en las actividades relacionadas con la carrera del contador; 81.6% no cree que la profesión de contador desaparecerá en el mediano y largo plazo; 47.4% de los encuestados está familiarizado con la IA; 81.6% utiliza herramientas de IA en su profesión; y 65.8% no cree que las actividades del contador en materia impositiva disminuirán en el mediano plazo. Se concluye que la implementación de la IA en la contabilidad tiene el potencial de transformar significativamente la profesión, mejorando la eficiencia y precisión de las tareas contables y de auditoría, y que la formación continua y la actualización de habilidades serán claves para que los profesionales contables puedan aprovechar plenamente las oportunidades que ofrece la IA.
Comparison of Selective Nerve Root Pulsed Radiofrequency Vs Paramedian Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection for the Treatment of Painful Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors: Yildiz Gokhan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Although there are studies evaluating ultrasound-guided selective nerve root pulsed radiofrequency (ULSD-SNRPRF) and fluoroscopy-guided paramedian cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (FL-CIESI) for the treatment of chronic cervical radicular pain, no study has compared the efficacy of these 2 methods.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of these 2 methods, their superiority to each other, and the incidence of adverse events.

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized controlled trial

SETTING: Outpatient department of a single-center pain clinic.

METHODS: Sixty patients who did not respond to conservative treatments for lower cervical radicular pain were randomly divided into 2 groups. One group underwent ULSD-SNRPRF (Group U), and the other underwent paramedian FL-CIESI (Group F). Patients were evaluated pretreatment, and 3 and 6 months posttreatment. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) was used to assess clinical improvement, The Neck Disability Index (NDI) to assess improvement in functional disability, and the Self-Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Pain Score (S-LANSS) to assess the treatment’s effect on neuropathic pain. Clinically significant pain relief was defined as a 50% or more pain reduction in the NRS-11. The posttreatment reduction in medication consumption was assessed using the Medication Quantification Scale Version III (MQS III). We also evaluated whether there was a difference in treatment-related characteristics, such as procedure time and adverse events.

RESULTS: The procedure time was significantly longer in Group U. Blood aspiration was observed in 2 patients in Group U and vascular spread in one patient in Group F, with no significant difference. At 3 and 6 months posttreatment, NRS-11 and NDI scores showed a significant decrease compared to the pretreatment scores in both groups; there was no difference between the groups. Both treatments effectively improved neuropathic pain, with no significant difference between the S-LANSS scores. There was no difference in the reduction of medication consumption between the groups.

LIMITATIONS: There was no sham or control group, and the follow-up period was limited to 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS: Pain relief, functional improvement, and safety were similar between groups. ULSD-SNRPRF and paramedian FL-CIESI are 2 different effective techniques for chronic cervical radicular pain. The choice of method should depend on various factors, such as patient preference, operator experience, and availability of resources. An advantage of ULSD over fluoroscopy is that patients and physicians are not exposed to radiation.

KEY WORDS: Pulsed radiofrequency treatment, epidural injections, steroids, radiculopathy, neck pain, fluoroscopy, ligamentum flavum, ultrasonography
Comparison of Radiation Doses of Contralateral Oblique and Lateral View for Fluoroscopy-Guided Lumbar Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection
Authors: Olgun Yucel
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Despite newly developing technologies and techniques, the use of fluoroscopic guidance in spinal interventional treatments remains popular. Therefore, it is essential to set reference standards and techniques for reducing radiation exposure in fluoroscopy-guided procedures.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was is to compare the radiation doses and procedure time of the contralateral oblique (CLO) view to lateral view imaging during fluoroscopy-guided spinal procedures.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study.

SETTING: Pain management unit of a tertiary care center.

METHODS: An evaluation of patients who received epidural steroid injections between May 2021 and May 2023 in a university hospital interventional pain management center was performed. This observational study was conducted with 248 patients aged 18 and older who underwent lumbar interlaminar epidural injections (ILESI) confirmed by CLO or lateral oblique imaging. The primary outcomes were the comparison of radiation dose and procedure time between the 2 groups. The secondary outcome was the comparison of complication rates.

RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, diagnosis, body mass index, procedure level, Numeric Rating Scale, and procedure time. Although the radiation dose was lower in the CLO group, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. However, there was a significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of complications (P < 0.001).

LIMITATIONS: The study was designed in a single center and performing all the procedures with the same fluoroscopy device makes it difficult to generalize our results.

CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no difference in terms of radiation dose and duration of procedure between lumbar ILESI conducting using the CLO or lateral view fluoroscopy imaging, there was a significant difference in terms of complications. Therefore, conducting lumbar ILESI using a CLO view minimizes the complication rate.

KEY WORDS: Epidural injection, interlaminar injection, radiation dose, fluoroscopy, contralateral oblique
Factors Associated With Same Day Discharge Post-Spinal Cord Stimulator Placement
Authors: Beletsky Alexander
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord stimulator (SCS) surgeries, whether performed using the open or percutaneous approach, are becoming increasingly common for a range of neuropathic pain conditions, including post-laminectomy syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the factors linked to same-day discharge patterns following SCS.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with same-day discharge after SCS placement. The primary outcome was same-day discharge.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, cohort study using a nationwide database.

METHODS: Inclusion criteria included patients who underwent percutaneous or open SCS from January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2021. Exclusion criteria included patients with missing data (n = 178) and those with SCS implants for unlisted indications (n = 1,817). A multivariable analysis was conducted on the outcome data and co-variates associated with same-day discharge after SCS.

RESULTS: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 18,058 patients remained in the final data set, including 7,339 patients who underwent percutaneous SCS and 10,719 patients who underwent open SCS procedures. After analysis, factors associated with increased rates of same-day discharge after SCS included men (odds ratio [OR] 1.16; 95% CI, 1.09 –1.24; P < 0.001), patients on Medicaid (OR 1.64; 95% CI, 0.1.34 – 2.01; P < 0.001), and hospitals in the US Midwest (OR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.45 – 1.90; P < 0.001) and hospitals in the US West (OR 1.32; 95% CI, 1.20 – 1.46; P < 0.001). Factors associated with decreased rates of same-day discharge after SCS included the open approach (OR 0.21; 95% CI, 0.19 – 0.23; P < 0.001), Hispanic ethnicity (OR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.54 – 0.69; P < 0.001) and increased age (OR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98 – 0.99; P < 0.001).

LIMITATIONS: Since our study is retrospective, the data are subject to various biases, including variable confounding, human error in data entry, and generalizability of the results.

CONCLUSION: These results can be used to help determine hospital bed needs post-SCS surgery. Future research should focus on identifying the specific reasons certain demographic and geographic factors might influence same-day discharge rates. Our study provides important insights into the factors associated with same-day discharge rates post open and percutaneous SCS implant and highlights the need for patient-centered, evidence-based approaches to health care delivery.

KEY WORDS: Spinal cord stimulator, pain medicine, failed back surgery syndrome, neuromodulation, neuropathic pain
Endothelial activation and dysfunction caused by influenza A virus (Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae)
Authors: Marchenko Vladimir A. , Zhilinskaya Irina N.
Published: January 2025

Annual epidemics of influenza result in 3–5 million cases of severe illness and more than 600 000 deaths. Severe forms of influenza are usually characterized by vascular endothelial cells damage. Thus, influenza A viruses, including subtypes A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), as well as highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, can infect the vascular endothelium, leading to activation and subsequent dysfunction of these cells. In turn, endothelial dysfunction resulting in systemic morphofunctional changes of endothelial cells, which leads to impaired vascular tone, thrombosis and other complications, and is also a risk factor and profoundly implicated in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. Thus, endothelial dysfunction is an important aspect of the pathogenesis of severe influenza, which must be considered in the pathogenetic therapy of this infectious disease.
The aim of the review is to analyze the causes and specify mechanisms of development of endothelial activation and dysfunction caused by influenza A virus.
Communication and Library Marketing. Literature Review, academic and professional courses in Italy
Authors: Miccichè Pier Francesco
Published: January 2025

This paper sets out to sketch a review of the literature, training courses and scientific and professional debate on library marketing and promotion, with a particular focus on the Italian case. Starting from Norman O. Gene's detailed account (1982) of the emergence of library marketing in international literature, the first section describes its origin and development in Italy, tracing the timeline of the main articles and monographs on the topic. In the second section, focus shifts to conferences and seminars, which often resulted in editorial outputs. The third paragraph addresses the librarians' training in communication and library marketing in Italy, both in the form of university classes and workshops for professionals, finding them insufficient for the today’s scenario. Finally, blogs, newsletters and podcasts on library marketing in Italy and abroad as well as international awards for library marketers are discussed. In all cases, the Italian scenario is considered through comparison with the international one. The topic is clearly intertwined with the marketing’s evolution as a discipline not exclusively devoted to profit, and its transition from analogical methods of promotion to the contemporary digital ones provided by ICT and social media. The study highlights the need for further research and commitment on digital marketing for cultural institutions in Italy.
CLEF 2.0. Solutions for Native Linked Data Cataloguing of Italian Digital Cultural Heritage
Authors: Giacomini Sebastiano , Daquino Marilena , Tomasi Francesca , Fintoni Laurent Antoine
Published: January 2025

The Semantic Web had a significant impact on the GLAM domain, where the need to connect knowledge has grown so important that it has sparked numerous crowdsourcing initiatives and collaborative native Linked Open Data cataloguing projects. One of the key challenges in facing these collaborative activities is the heterogeneity of content and levels of expertise among users. While existing solutions can meet several important requirements, developing new features is often affected by the practical use of such platforms in real-world work settings. This article explores novel demands and presents the solution proposed by CLEF 2.0, the native Linked Open Data cataloguing software adopted in various case studies concerning the description of Italian Digital Cultural Heritage.
ClaG: A classification system for plays and games in toy libraries and libraries
Authors: Bianchini Carlo , Munini Paolo
Published: January 2025

The paper presents ClaG, a novel classification system for plays and games created for the Archivio Italiano del Gioco (AIG) [Italian Games Archive], Udine, Italy. The primary goal of the classification system is to serve as a practical tool for highlighting the characteristics of a game that are useful for the selection, research, identification, and delivery of a game, or a set of games, to a player or group of players using a game library or a library with a game collection. This objective guided all the decisions in its construction. The identification of the main relevant concepts was based on a twofold approach: a top-down strategy, by the identification of general concepts from specialized literature on play and game, and a bottom-up strategy, involving the recursive application and modification of these concepts to classify a set of 200 games (mainly table and board games). The paper elucidates the five fundamental concepts that underpin the construction of this classification: space, materials, setting, game outcome, and genre and provides a comprehensive overview of the classification system. To evaluate the classification system's effectiveness, it was presented twice to a panel of experts who appreciated it and offered suggestions for improvement. The results indicate that the resulting classes are very small, each containing only a few items. Finally, the paper discusses prospects for the future development and use of the classification system.
Optimalisasi Pengembangan Pariwisata Desa Melalui Kegiatan Njelajah Mbantul Milang Kori 2024 di Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Hari Rachmadi  , Afif Fuadi , Eko Haryanto
Published: January 2025

Optimization of Rural Tourism Development Through the Njelajah Mbantul Milang Kori 2024 Activities in Bantul Regency
The Njelajah Mbantul Milang Kori 2024 activity is a community service effort aimed at introducing and promoting the tourism potential of Bantul Regency, particularly in the Rintisan Kalurahan Budaya (RKB) and Desa Wisata. This activity was carried out through a series of visits to various tourist destinations, involving multiple stakeholders, and focusing on enhancing synergy between local government, tourism practitioners, and the local community. The results of the activity show an increase in awareness and interest of tourists in Bantul's tourism potential, as well as strengthening cooperation among stakeholders in developing local tourism. This activity is expected to serve as a model for similar initiatives in other regions with untapped tourism potential.
Pelatihan Inovasi Olahan Singkong Getuk Mawar di Kampung Wisata Keceh Asmoro Mangunharjo Tembalang Kota Semarang
Authors: Pranatha Prima Setia Judha , Rahayu Emik , Asshofi Izza Ulumuddin Ahmad , Dima Cindy Citya
Published: January 2025

Training on Cassava Rose Getuk Processing Innovation in Keceh Asmoro Tourism Village, Mangunharjo, Tembalang, Semarang City. Several villages in the Semarang area have the potential to be developed into attractive tourist destinations, both for local and foreign tourists, natural tourist attractions such as the Ungaran mountains and the beaches around Semarang are also special attractions. One of the tourist villages in Semarang City that is currently being developed is the Keceh Asmoro Mangunharjo Tembalang Tourism Village pilot. This village is a unique tourist destination because it has tourism potential in one location, both natural, environmental and local potential. The Keceh Asmoro Tourism Village destination has a lot of good potential that can be developed, apart from nature, as well as local cassava food production. Training on processed cassava getuk rose innovation in the Keceh Asmoro Mangunharjo Tourism Village was carried out to increase the added value of local products and support tourism development in the region. Wisata Keceh Asmoro Village in the Mangunharjo sub-district also has local produce, namely cassava food. With this training, it is hoped that the community will be able to utilize local ingredients which are widely available in that place and local actors there can learn innovative ways of making cassava getuk in other forms so that they can increase the creativity and expertise of UMKM in making food, especially cassava getuk rose.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Sino-Nasal Tumour Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study of 60 Cases
Authors: Haque Muhammad Mahmudul , Shahrear Md. Khaled , Ikbal Ashik
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Sino-nasal tumors are a rare yet clinically significant group of neoplasms that affect the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Although these tumors represent a small percentage of head and neck cancers, they often present with complex symptoms and can be challenging to diagnose early. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of sino-nasal tumor patients. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the ENT and Head-Neck Surgery department, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, from June 2014 to November 2014. A total of 60 patients presenting with sinonasal tumors were selected as study subjects by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was done by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. A descriptive method was adopted. Result: In this study of 60 sino-nasal tumor patients, the age groups 21-30 and 51-60 years had the highest representation (20% each), with the majority being male (76.67%) and primarily woodworkers (40%). Socioeconomically, 75% of patients were classified as "poor." Smoking was the most prevalent habit, affecting 50% of patients. Clinically, nasal obstruction was the most common symptom (93.33%), followed by loss of smell (70%) and epistaxis and headache (50% each). The majority of tumors were benign (93.33%), with only 6.67% being malignant. Among malignancy cases, nasal obstruction was a universal symptom, with facial pain, headache, and hyposmia observed in 75% of these patients. Conclusion: This study concludes that sino-nasal tumors predominantly affect middle-aged men, often with significant occupational exposure to carcinogenic materials like wood dust and industrial chemicals. Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors further compound the risk, highlighting the importance of comprehensive preventive measures and early detection strategies, particularly in high-risk occupations. Awareness of prevalent symptoms such as nasal obstruction, ...
Matsayin Sarki a Idon Bahaushe: Tsokaci Daga Wasu Waƙoƙin Baka (The Status of Sovereigns in the Eyes of the Hausas: Insights from Selected Oral Songs)
Authors: Kurawa Halima Mansur , Sani Abu-Ubaida
Published: January 2025

“In ka ji Tambura sai Sarki,” meaning “Drums of war are only beaten for sovereigns,” encapsulates the unique position of sovereigns in Hausa culture. Sovereigns are distinguished by specific roles, behaviors, and attributes that set them apart from the “talaka” (ordinary folk), who cannot claim these qualities. As captured in the words of a praise singer, “Don ba a yin gasa da Sarki” (“No one can compete with the sovereign”), Hausa oral traditions consistently exalt sovereigns while reserving negative traits exclusively for their adversaries. This study examines Hausa oral songs to explore these cultural perceptions of sovereigns, employing Gusau’s (2015) Waƙar Baka Bahaushiya (WBB) as a framework. Primary data were collected through transcription and analysis of oral songs from memory cards, CDs, and both published and unpublished sources. Additionally, insights were gathered through consultations with courtiers and discussions with common folk in Hausa towns and cities to understand popular views on sovereignty. The findings reveal that Hausas attribute extraordinary qualities and powers to their sovereigns, perceiving them as reflective of the community’s own identity and status. This reverence explains the cultural norm of avoiding negative characterizations of sovereigns, highlighting their central role in Hausa sociopolitical and cultural life.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PERMENDIKBUD NUMBER 22 OF 2017 CONCERNING INTERNAL SUPERVISION UNITS IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE
Authors: Marpaung Linjte , Ulfayanti Rima
Published: January 2025

The problem in this paper is how to implement Permendikbud Number 22 of 2017 Concerning The Internal Supervisory Unit at the Lampung Provincial Language Office and what are the obstacles faced in implementing this regulation. Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 22 of 2017 concerning Internal Supervisory Units has been implemented, but has not been maximized. This is because the SPI has not been involved in mentoring and reviewing the RKAKL and Financial Reports.
THE REMIX PHENOMENON AND THE NEED TO REFORM INDONESIAN COPYRIGHT LAW
Authors: Wahyu Ramadhan Harsa
Published: January 2025

The problem in this research is The rapid development of computer technology in the 20th century has encouraged the emergence of the remix phenomenon in society. Remix can be done through the use of computer technology for works/creations that are rearranged, combined and remixed to produce new works. Remix seems to be a new phenomenon, even though historically this practice is actually not a new thing and the extent to which copyright law reform is needed. Can this Copyright Act synergize with the legal structure and culture of Indonesian society in order to create a legal system that can produce justice, benefit, and legal certainty? How copyright enforcement on computer software can create effective legal protection
IMPLEMENTATION ANALYSIS GOVERNMENT REGULATION IN LIEU OF LAW NUMBER 2 OF 2020 CONCERNING THE ELECTION OF GOVERNOR, MAYOR AND REGENT IN THE CENTRAL PANDEMI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019
Authors: Satria Indah , Sunarya Pratama Reno
Published: January 2025

Regional Autonomy contains an element of supervision (toetzicht), then autonomy is not merely the administration of government to achieve efficiency and effectiveness of government. Autonomy is determined on a territorial basis or on a function basis. The essence of autonomy is independence and freedom to regulate and manage the community itself, which is the function of the government as a household affair in the bonds of a unitary state, autonomy always requires the independence and freedom of an independent government unit. The election of regional heads is carried out in a package together with the deputy regional heads. The regional head and deputy regional head in question include the governor and deputy governor for the province; Regents and deputy regents for districts, mayors and deputy mayors for cities. The reality of Indonesian democracy has undergone many changes and transitions after the reformation. It is not an easy thing for the Indonesian people to go through the democratic transition and then show progress. Major and fundamental steps have been taken to make democracy the direction of the country's goals, namely by making amendments.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI CITARUM, SOLUSI PRAKTIS MENUJU KELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Belgradoputra R. Jossi Sutari , Verlianara Irma , Banjarnahor T.
Published: January 2025

In 358 - 382 AD, a Maharesi or Pastor from Salankayana, India named Jayashingawarman built a small hamlet on the banks of a river around which many Tarum (Indigofera) trees grow, which is a type of blue-producing plants. Gradually the hamlet developed into a large kingdom, namely the Tarumanegara Kingdom. The river is the Citarum river. The Citarum River is the longest river in West Java which flows approximately 297 kilometers, sourced from the Mount Wayang springs (south of Bandung City), then flows north through the Bandung Basin and empties into the Java Sea, Karawang district. Citarum is one of the most important watersheds in West Java Province, which makes a major contribution to the lives of the surrounding communities, both for clean water needs, water supply for agricultural, industrial, and other purposes. The surrounding population uses fishery resources in this river, either traditionally by fishing or fishing. However, in the last 30 years, environmental deforestation, pollution of household waste, factory waste to sedimentation and erosion have become problems that have undermined water quality and flow coverage.Environmental preservation is very necessary for all of us, so that our future generations can still enjoy sustainable living resources.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF STATE RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Hidayah Nilam , Satya Putra Pamungkas
Published: January 2025

Everyone has the right to live in a good and healthy environment, this is stated in the Constitution Article 28H Paragraph (1). As a country that is carrying out a sustainable development process, Indonesia emphasizes that the earth, water and the wealth in it are controlled by the state to support welfare. public. Exploitation of natural resources continues, one of which is taking coal in South Kalimantan. A decree regarding coal production in the area has been issued, but negative reactions have been given by the community around the mining area and the Indonesian Forum for the Environment. This research describes mining by raising the study of coal mining permits in South Kalimantan. The research method uses qualitative methods, namely procedures that present descriptive data from social observations in people's lives. Referring to the title, this research uses a case study. Research conducted in an incentive at an institution and certain symptoms (Arikunto, 2002: 14). The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the application of the principle of state responsibility from the cancellation of the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic regarding mining permits in the South Kalimantan region.
A LITERATURE REVIEW OF COERCIVE ISOMORPHISM ON CORPORATE LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Romdoni Muhamad
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes the effect of coercive isomorphism (legal system) in Indonesia. It is necessary to improve a kind of reform in a directed and integrated manner, both related to codification and specific legal fields, to support the development in various aspects of society. If we refer to the Law Outside the Criminal Code, there are several crucial issues, such as accountability for criminals as subjects of criminal Law. This research is a literature study as a review of corporate criminal liability by using the method juridical empirical. From a series of studies and in-depth studies conducted, the authors found several systems of corporate criminal liability, such as doctrinal Strict Liability, the doctrine of Vicarious Liability, and the doctrine of direct corporate criminal responsibility, to the teachings of the Corporate Culture Model. For example, in applying the Vicarious doctrine, liability to corporations is contained in Article 116 paragraph (2) UUPPLH. Some of the results of the studies in this study led to an evaluation and essential recommendations related to aspects of corporate criminal liability in the legal system in Indonesia.
LAND RIGHTS DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESS THROUGH MEDIATION AT PADANGSIDIMPUAN CITY LAND OFFICE
Authors: Busyro Marwan , Saifuddin Bandaharo
Published: January 2025

This research aims to find out how the process of resolving land rights disputes through mediation is and what the obstacles to the process of resolving land rights disputes through mediation at the Land Office of Padangsidimpuan. This research uses an empirical juridical research method; that not only focuses on the positivity of legal aspects butis also concerned with its application or practice in the real field, in this case, the approach is used to qualitatively analyze the resolution of land rights disputes through mediation at the Land Office of Padangsidimpuan. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it was concluded that the procedures for resolving disputes carried out by the Land Office include stages (1) pre-mediation, and (2) mediation. In resolving land rights disputes at the Padangsidimpuan Land Office, there are several obstacles, namely (1) there are obstacles from the disputing parties, such as the absence of the parties to fulfill the invitation to mediate (2) there is no good faith from each party. (3) differences in ability and education between the parties (4) rules that are considered to slow down the dispute resolution  process (5) complainants often do not know the requirements and procedures for dispute resolution at the Land Office of Padangsidimpuan.