bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Airy phase of shallow-focus submarine earthquakes*
Authors: Press Frank , Ewing Maurice , Tolstoy Ivan
Published: May 2021

An extension of the theoretical work of Lamb and Pekeris shows that a prominent phase (Airy phase) consisting of a group of waves of period 9-11 seconds, traveling across the ocean with a velocity of approximately 0.7 of the speed of sound in water, should be present on the seismograms of shallow-focus submarine earthquakes. This arrival corresponds to normal mode propagation at a stationary value of group velocity through the acoustic system consisting of the ocean and the rigid ocean bottom.

A phase fitting this description has been observed on the Milne-Shaw instruments at Bermuda for a series of Dominican Republic shocks. The Wenner seismographs at Huancayo recorded the Airy phase of a shock southwest of the Galapagos Islands.

The study of the Airy phase of a sufficient number of sea quakes would provide information concerning the nature of the ocean bottom since the latter affects both the periods and velocities of the Airy phase.
Volcanic Tremor*
Authors: Omer Guy C.
Published: May 2021

It is proposed that volcanic tremor originates in the vibration of laminae which are partly freed by the differential tilting of the surface of the earth around a volcanic vent during an eruption. The topographic evidence around Kilauea caldera is examined and a probable range of the free vibrating lengths is determined. The various possible modes of vibration are considered and it is concluded that longitudinal vibration would best explain the observed seismograms.
Seismic refraction measurements in the Atlantic Ocean Basin*
Authors: Ewing Maurice , Worzel J. L. , Hersey J. B. , Press Frank , Hamilton G. R.
Published: May 2021

A reversed seismic refraction measurement was made 120 miles northwest of Bermuda (400 miles east of Cape Hatteras) in 2,800 fathoms of water. A velocity of 24,800 feet per second (7.58 km/sec.) for the second layer was identified with the ultrabasic layer of earthquake seismology. Assuming a velocity of 5,600 feet per second (1.70 km/sec.), clearly indicated by earlier measurements, a thickness of 4,500 feet was obtained for the sedimentary layer. The granitic and intermediate layers were absent.
Velocities of P at short distances*
Authors: Richter C. F.
Published: May 2021

abstract

Recording of P and S at six or more stations to epicentral distances not over 160 km. makes it possible to calculate the velocities, assuming only that they are constant. Origin times, epicenters, and depths are found independently of velocity.

Installation of new temporary stations has supplied appropriate data in southern California. For 6 of 8 well-recorded shocks the calculated velocity of P is near 6.4 km/sec.
Investigation of the T phase
Authors: Leet L. Don , Linehan Daniel , Berger Philip R.
Published: May 2021

In the bulletin of the Harvard Seismograph Station, under date of September 15, 1935, attention was directed to the unusual character of certain records from the vicinity of 17° N, 62° W. One of the novel features was a short-period phase about 23 minutes after P. It has become known as T, for third, with P and S constituting the first and second groups of short-period waves of similar general appearance. The problem was discussed with Weston, and since that time those two stations have been working on it. Linehan published in 1940 the first description outside station bulletins.

From detailed studies of more than 250 earthquakes, with all records from Harvard and Weston and selected ones from Fordham, Ottawa, and Tucson, the following results have been obtained.

The T phase ranges in period from 0.5 to 1.0 sec. It originates under the ocean and is characteristic of oceanic areas. It is generated by earthquakes of which the majority are between about 40 and 100 km. in depth. It clearly is not limited to shallow foci. It has been observed at Harvard and Weston from distances between 1,060 and 7,000 km.; from foci north of the Greater Antilles, near Bermuda, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the North Atlantic, and south of the equator; originating under water ranging down to 3,000 fathoms in depth. It consists primarily of shear waves, with a velocity of between 1.6 and 2.7 km/sec. over oceanic paths and 2.1 km/sec. over land. (The velocity of sound in water of the Atlantic Ocean is from 1.46 to 1.53 km/sec.).

It is suggested that the T phase may be short-period shear waves traveling in ocean-bottom sediments and the top continental layer. An overwhelming preponderance of the evidence contradicts any hypothesis that significant amounts of the energy are water-borne.

A progressively changing angle of approach for waves in different parts of the T phase has been observed at Harvard and Weston.

In 1949, the Columbia University group composed of Ewing, Press, and Tolstoy, under a government contract, printed two reports on this subject, “The T phase of Shallow-Focus Submarine Earthquakes,” and “Proposed Tsunami Warning System.” The former was based largely on 20 Weston records which were included without discussion of the investigation or its results with either Weston or Harvard. They decided that “the T phase is characterized by periods of 0.5 sec. or less, a velocity identical with that of sound in water for the part of its path crossing deep water and by speeds from 12,000 to 18,000 ft/sec. (3.7 to 5.5 km/sec.) across shallow water or land,” and that “propagation through the sound channel accounts for the major part of the observed T phase.”

In checking their report against the original Weston records, we find that they have made elementary errors, such as misreading iP from −16 to +18 sec., and incorrectly computing epicentral distance by more than a degree. These and many others so greatly affect the fundamental solution of the problem that their conclusions cannot be accepted. This aspect will be discussed in a separate paper.
Revised travel times in southern California*
Authors: Gutenberg B.
Published: May 2021

Discrepancies of up to 20 per cent between wave velocities calculated from blast records in southern California and those found from earthquakes necessitate a reinterpretation of seismograms of all near-by shocks and a revision of travel-time curves. A combination of findings for S — P intervals as a function of distance in southern California earthquake records with the ratio of mean interval velocities for P and S waves shows (without assumption of origin times) that the mean velocities of the two waves between the source and the surface are about 6.35 and 3.67 km/sec., respectively. This agrees with the results found from blast records. Most revised origin times are between ¾ sec. and 1 1/2 sec. later than those found previously from P¯. The method applied here removes the difference in origin time for longitudinal and transverse waves which was found formerly for earthquakes. Travel-time curves of various phases are revised and reinterpreted. The change in amplitudes with distance of several wave types is discussed.
On the Existence of Uller's Waves*
Authors: Officer Charles B.
Published: May 2021

A re귡mination of a general theory of wave propagation proposed by Uller is carried out. The conclusion is reached that his hypothesis has not been placed on a firm physical foundation and cannot be considered valid in interpreting seismic data.
Hydrodynamic experiments with rigid cylindrical tanks subjected to transient motions*
Authors: Jacobsen Lydik S. , Ayre Robert S.
Published: May 2021

Four tanks, from 6 inches to 4 feet in diameter, have been subjected simultaneously to transient, horizontal “ground motions” of simplified type. The important parameters, in addition to size of tank, were depth of fluid and frequency, duration, and amplitude of ground motion. The envelopes of the gravity-wave profiles have been recorded on a vertical plane of symmetry placed within each tank in a direction parallel to the ground motion. The data include samples of the wave envelopes, photographic studies of the wave formation, maximum wave heights and the locations of these maxima, and the fluid damping coefficients. Equivalent mass and overturning moment due to the fluid have been shown for various degrees of confinement of the upper surface, from complete confinement (owing to use of a rigid cover) to a free surface. The study relates to the effect of earthquakes and other ground motions on oil and water storage tanks. The results can be extrapolated with reasonable certainty to full-scale tanks.
The Ethical Obligation to Vaccinate Children and Its Policy Implications
Authors: Bester Johan C.
Published: May 2021

The vaccination of children has unique ethical implications. This article examines the ethics of childhood vaccination from two different perspectives. First, vaccination is approached as a preventive medical decision involving a child, using the ethical framework of medical decision-making for children. Second, vaccination is considered from a social and societal perspective, drawing on arguments from justice. From both these perspectives it is apparent that an ethical obligation exists to protect children against vaccine-preventable diseases by the appropriate use of vaccination. These ethical considerations have implications for policy, and in the paper a three-tiered approach to vaccination policy is defended: judicious use of mandatory policies, educational interventions, and building of trust.
Child Day-Care Centres as Supervisory Authorities? The Control of the Measles Vaccination in Germany Burdens the Trust Relationship Between Centres, Parents and Children
Authors: Heeg Beate , Strzalka Thomas , Bender Norbert
Published: May 2021

In Germany there have been intense discussions about measles vaccination and, as a consequence, the “Law for the Protection against Measles and for Strengthening Vaccination Prevention (Measles Protection Act)” was passed. The Measles Protection Act has now been in force since 1 March 2020 and has far-reaching consequences for day-care centres for two reasons. First, children and staff in day-care centres must prove that they have been vaccinated against measles before being admitted to the centre. Second, day-care facilities are obliged to notify the local health authority if sufficient proof of measles vaccination is not provided for a child in the day-care facility. This shift in responsibility for the control of the vaccination status poses a great threat to the relationship of trust between parents and educational staff.
Consideraciones para la determinación judicial de la pena: criterios legales y proporcionalidad. Una revisión de literatura
Authors: Lahura Cotera Cynthia
Published: May 2021

En el Perú la pena debe determinarse observando los criterios legales establecidos en el Código Penal; sin embargo, estos criterios resultan muy generales, presentan vacíos y se encuentran dispersos en diversos artículos, por lo que existe cierto desorden en su aplicación, además de generar un amplio margen de discrecionalidad judicial que puede llegar a confundirse con arbitrariedad. En el presente trabajo se analizó el desarrollo académico sobre la determinación judicial de la pena, sus criterios legales y dogmáticos, y su correlato con el principio de proporcionalidad, encontrándose que los autores consideran que la pena debe determinarse como manifestación de la teoría del delito, en relación al injusto y la culpabilidad. Además, debe ser proporcional al daño causado, y, obligatoriamente, debe contar con una adecuada fundamentación. Plantean que la discrecionalidad judicial debe limitarse a fin de eliminar la arbitrariedad, y para ello es necesaria la existencia de criterios legales prestablecidos.
Efectos de la declaración de nulidad del contrato
Authors: Yaranga Cámac Jhony
Published: May 2021

La declaración de nulidad es una sanción por la cual se priva al acto jurídico de sus efectos normales cuando, en su ejecución, no se han observado las formas prescritas. Por ello, para el acto nulo se requiere de un pronunciamiento judicial que busque evitar sus efectos. El fin principal de la declaración es que un contrato nulo o viciado no produzca efectos y determinado el contexto desaparecer los ya producidos. El alcance que generan los efectos de la declaración de nulidad de un contrato puede también restituir las prestaciones así como hacer inexigible la obligación constituida en vicio.
Analysis of EEG Characteristics of Drivers at the Entrance and Exit of an Undersea Tunnel and Research on Driving Safety
Authors: Pan Fuquan , Yang Yongzheng , Zhang Lixia , Yang Xiaoxia , Yang Jinshun , Liu Meijun
Published: May 2021

To study the influence of illumination and longitudinal slope at the entrance and exit of an undersea tunnel on driver EEG characteristics, a real vehicle experiment was performed with the Jiaozhou Bay Undersea Tunnel. The experimental data of a driver’s real vehicle experiment were collected using an illuminance meter, EEG instrument, video recorder and other experimental equipment. The EEG power spectrum was classified according to frequency, the difference between the EEG power spectrum at the entrance and exit sections and other regions was analyzed, and the influence of the illumination and longitudinal slope of the undersea tunnel on the brain activity of drivers was studied. The region near the entrance and exit of the undersea tunnel was divided equidistantly, the changes in the EEG power of the driver during the process of entering and exiting the undersea tunnel were analyzed, and the changes in brain activity and different brain regions during the process were studied. Based on the EEG power, the model of illumination, longitudinal slope and their coupling effect was established. The traffic safety of the entrance and exit of the undersea tunnel was analyzed, and a high-risk driving region was found. The results show that the power spectrum of the entrance and exit sections of the undersea tunnel is obviously different from those of other sections. At 50 m behind the entrance point and 50 m in front of the exit point of the undersea tunnel, the power of the β wave changes rapidly and is at a high level. The consistency between the variation law of the β wave and the variation law of illumination is high. At the entrance and exit of the undersea tunnel, the active regions of the driver’s brain are concentrated in the frontal lobe and occipital lobe.
Implementation of a Secure Ride-Sharing DApp Using Smart Contracts on Ethereum Blockchain
Authors: Renu Sathya A. , Banik Barnali Gupta
Published: May 2021

The idea of sharing economy gives rise to unique ideas and develops innovative businesses. This article aims to relate the smart city concept by introducing the smart transport system and explores the opportunities of adopting blockchain technology in ride-sharing services. Blockchain technology is a distributed, decentralized public ledger that allows peer-to-peer transactions in a secured way without any third party. This paper proposes a blockchain-based framework from the existing centralized framework for a ride-sharing service and implements the same as a decentralized application (DApp) based on smart contracts on Ethereum Blockchain. Using smart contracts facilitate the users with automated transactions, removes the intermediaries, and enables various activities to be carried out safely and securely. Implementation of smart contracts is done using the Solidity programming language. This DApp uses the min matching algorithm to match riders requesting rideshare to save total travel distance. With the overwhelming growth in the usage of cryptocurrencies, smart contracts usage in applications as proposed in this paper can transform the sharing economy.
How Far Disaster Management Implemented Toward Flood Preparedness: A Lesson Learn from Youth Participation Assessment in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Edi , Suharini Erni , Dafip Muchamad
Published: May 2021

Flood is a common and frequent natural disaster in many countries that causes huge economic losses and casualties every year. Youth participation in flood disaster management (FDM) has not been much explored, especially in the non-prone area but contributing to flooding resilience. Therefore, this study aims to identify youth participation in disaster management to help an improvement in preparedness action. The research was conducted using a qualitative model: case study research, involving 191 young people aged 14-35-years in 16 sub-districts in Semarang City. The data, including youth’s action, knowledge, and participation in FDM, was collected using Google Form, observation, and interview, then statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney’s test and path analysis. The results show the respondents in flood-affected areas are more actively participating in flood disaster management action because of their experience in facing flooding. Also, the planning step is significantly influenced by the FDM implementation. The planning process is the main defining factor in disaster management successfulness and essentially affecting mitigation, rehabilitation, and evaluation steps. The level of youth participation is deemed necessary to be increased to develop a more comprehensive disaster management program according to regional needs. We suggest that FDM should be transformed into disaster awareness which is delivered through education, socialization, training, and/or flood disaster response simulations.
Cryptographic Solution for Security Problem in Cloud Computing Storage During Global Pandemics
Authors: Yadav Anuj Kumar , Ritika  , Garg Madan
Published: May 2021

Cloud computing has emerged as a potential substitute over traditional computing systems during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost all organizations shift their working from conventional ways to the online form of working. Most of the organizations are planning to permanently change some % of their work to online WFH (Work from Home) mode. There are numerous benefits of using cloud services in terms of cost, portability, platform independence, accessibility, elasticity, etc. But security is the biggest barrier when one wants to move towards cloud computing services, especially the cloud storage service. To overcome the problem of security in cloud storage systems, we have presented an approach for data security in cloud storage. The proposed approach uses the cryptographic methods and provides security and monitoring features to the user data stored in cloud storage systems. The proposed approach continuously monitors user’s data for any kind of modification by attackers. Thus, approach not only provides data security but also improves user’s trust on cloud based storage services.
ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE ELECTROACOUSTIC TRANSDUCER UNDER THE CONDITION OF A THIN DOUBLE LAYER IN THE POROUS STRUCTURE OF THE TRANSDUCER BODY
Authors:   Bioproduct ltd,  Moscow, Russia, Dmitriev S. P. , Kurochkin V. E. ,   Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Sharfarets B. P. ,   Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS,  Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2021

In the approximation of a thin double layer, simple dependences of the acoustic fields excited in an electrokinetic electroacoustic transducer on the velocity of the Helmholtz—Smolukhovsky osmotic movement are obtained. From the dependencies it follows that in the absence of losses, when the nonlinearity of the fluid motion equation does not yet affect and there is no turbulent mode of fluid motion in the transducer body, the magnitudes of the amplitudes of the acoustic velocity and pressure linearly depend on the magnitude of the Helmholtz—Smolukhovsky electroosmotic motion velocity.
MODELING OF THE STANDARD MACHINE TO REPRODUCE FIELDS OF MECHANICAL STRESSES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, V.A. Fock Institute in Physics, Russia, Andronov I. V. , Lobashev A. A. ,   D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology VNIIM, St. Petersburg, Russia, Petrov A. Yu. ,   Engineering company TESIS, Department in St. Petersburg,  Russia, Tropkin S. N. ,   Engineering company TESIS, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2021

The paper concerns the problem of practical measurement of mechanical stresses in industrial objects. The signal dependencies of different nondestructive testing devices on the stresses are discussed. Results of numerical modeling of the mechanical stresses that can be reproduced by the suggested standard machine are presented. A number of questions that should be solved to turn nondestructive testing into the measurements of mechanical stresses is discussed.
GRAIN DESCRIPTION BY A RANDOMLY INHOMOGENEOUS OPTICAL MEDIUM MODEL FOR THE INTERLABORATORY MATCHING OF VITREOUSNESS MEASUREMENTS
Authors:   Ekan Ltd,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Antonov R. Yu.
Published: May 2021

Currently, due to the appearance of instrumental objective methods for determining grain vitreousness, it is possible to ensure the uniformity of measurements of this indicator in a number of laboratories. The article proposes a model for describing grain as an inhomogeneous optical medium and an interpretation of the vitreousness index as a characteristic of light scattering. A method for calculating the parameters of mathematical model and estimating the scattering coefficient using an RGB camera is presented. It is shown that the implementation of the grain vitreousness measurements based on the scattering coefficient makes possible to obtain a satisfactory reproducibility in between-lab measurements.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF CHAOTIC SIGNALS FILTERED WITH A BANDPASS FILTER FOR DATA TRANSFER OPERATION IN RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia, Osipov D. L. , Gavrishev A. A.
Published: May 2021

The analysis of the use of chaotic signals filtered through a broadband bandpass filter to ensure stealth and reliability of data transmission operations in radio communication systems is carried out. Time realizations of chaotic signals generated by the well-known Chua and Rikitake generators are obtained. They were filtered using a broadband bandpass filter, and the data obtained was studied using BDS-statistic and crest factor. As a result of the studies, it was found that under certain research conditions, time realizations of Chua generator and Rikitake generator, obtained by broadband filtering, are suitable. Other considered time realizations are not suitable for radio communication systems, since either they have low stealth from the outside observer, or they have an unacceptable crest factor value for radio communication systems. From this we can conclude that filtering chaotic signals using a broadband bandpass filter as a whole is a promising approach to ensure the stealth and reliability of data transmission in radio communication systems. The authors, basing on the conducted research and conclusions from well-known works, consider it appropriate to use broadband filtering to ensure the stealth and reliability of data transmission in radio communication systems when using chaotic signals, along with widely used methods.
Mental Health Interventions for First Nation, Inuit, and Métis Peoples in Canada: A Systematic Review
Authors: Graham Simon , Stelkia Krista , Wieman Cornelia , Adams Evan
Published: May 2021

Higher rates of anxiety, depression, and attempted suicide are reported among First Nations, Inuit, and Métis people compared with non-Indigenous people in Canada. This systematic review summarises the key components of mental health interventions among Indigenous Peoples in Canada. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science between January 1,1970, and August 30, 2019. Studies needed to be an intervention addressing suicide, depression, or anxiety. There were 14 studies: 8 quantitative, 2 qualitative, and 4 mixed methods. By geographical location, 5 were urban, 5 non-urban, and 4 included multiple areas. Beneficial interventions included ceremony, being on the land, engaging in traditional food gathering, culturally grounded indoor and outdoor activities, and the sharing of Indigenous knowledge by Elders.
Znaczenie praktyki dla badacza kultury cyfrowej
Authors: Paprzycka Anna
Published: May 2021

Celem artykułu jest określenie kształtującego się nowego wizerunku humanisty badającego kulturę cyfrową. W artykule omówione zostało znaczenie praktyki dla prowadzenia badań nad cyfrową kulturą. Postawiono w nim pytania o to, czy chcąc opisywać współczesny świat należy posiadać techniczne kompetencje w sferze kultury cyfrowej i jakie korzyści mogą one przynieść humanistom. Ta problematyka zestawiona została z teorią trzeciej kultury Charlesa Percy’ego Snowa. Zaprezentowano tu również sylwetki badaczy reprezentujących różne strategie łączenia praktyki z teorią, takich jak: Lev Manovich, Alexander R. Galloway, Jan Stasieńko czy Mirosław Filiciak. W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy praktyczne kompetencje w sferze kultury cyfrowej mogą być remedium na postępujący kryzys humanistyki.
Liderazgo educativo en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Vázquez Clavera María Inés
Published: May 2021

El presente documento inicia analizando aspectos operativos del Instituto Universitaria ACJ de Uruguay (IUACJ) durante el primer semestre 2020, etapa en la que fue necesario migrar todas las propuestas formativas a modalidad virtual con la aparición del Covid_19. En particular queda en evidencia el uso heterogéneo que tanto docentes como estudiantes hicieron de la plataforma Moodle. El trabajo luego focaliza en el área de Proyectos Académicos, que es un taller que los estudiantes que están culminando su formación de grado realizan con instituciones de práctica. Al no existir la posibilidad de realizar estas actividades en territorio atendiendo a los protocolos sanitarios, se resolvió trabajar con "casos para la enseñanza" (Wasserman, 1994), tomando como aportes buenos trabajos finales de grado de cohortes anteriores.
Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Resuscitation—Emergency Nurses' Knowledge in Croatia
Authors: Vidmanić Sandro , Kurtović Biljana , Friganovic Adriano
Published: May 2021

Background: Healthcare workers' education is one of the most important factors in quality improvement and efficiency of caring for patients with cardiopulmonary arrest. Nurses with high-quality training are important members of the resuscitation team and have great influence on the quality of the resuscitation process and outcome. Aim: To determine the level of knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of nurses in emergency medicine centers by level of education; and to determine the relationship between knowledge level and additional training and work experience. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive multicenter study was conducted. The participants were nurses from Emergency Departments in three University Hospitals in Croatia. Overall, the sample was comprised of 91 emergency room nurses. Data were collected by a questionnaire specifically prepared for this study. Results: Knowledge of nurses in emergency room was not adequate in general. There was no relationship between the level of knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and nurses' educational level, but there was a statistically significant positive relationship between knowledge level and additional training (p = .028) and work experience (p = .038). Conclusion: The results of this study show the need for re-evaluation of the educational curricula for nurses in emergency medicine, aimed at standardizing formal educational models. Remodeling of nurse education is the key issue in ensuring good quality education and clinical skills for nurses in the field of emergency medicine and safe nursing care.
Patient Satisfaction in Postanesthesia Unit: Matched Study Participant Methodology
Authors: Qoussine Sahar , Lerman Yulia , Benbenishty Julie Sarah
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine patient satisfaction compared to nurse perception of patient satisfaction in Peri-anesthesia unit. Background: In 2014 American Society of Anesthesiology published guidelines stating standards for care for hypervigilance during perioperative patient assessments. Other policy publications focus on equipment and practices in this clinical setting. However, none of these sources provide an account of patient experience. Methods: This is a Prospective, convenience paired matched sampling study using Three multichoice questionnaires were distributed to patients and nurses in this unit. Both nurse and patient questionnaires were distributed simultaneously and paired. Results: 200 patients and total staff 30 nurses, 26 participated in the study-response rate 87%. Patients' perception showed highest level of satisfaction in nurses' listening. The nurses rated patients' satisfaction with communication and environmental conditions highest compared to other categories. The only significant difference between the nurses and patients' perceptions was in specific symptom communication, patients rated this lower satisfaction compared to nurses ranking this domain. Conclusion: In conclusion, similarity was found between nurses' and patients' ratings. This knowledge is relevant in raising awareness that nurses should be more vigilant evaluating and inquiring about peri-operative patients' symptoms.
Estudio comparativo de flujo de fluido a través de una placa de orificio usando las ecuaciones de Stokes y de Navier-Stokes
Authors: Guerra-Mazo Miryam Lucía , García-Buitrago María Vilma , Rodríguez-Acevedo Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

Presenta los resultados de la comparación entre las ecuaciones de Stokes y de Navier-Stokes para la simulación del flujo de agua líquida, a condiciones atmosféricas, a través de una placa orificio concéntrica. A partir de los datos experimentales que fueron tomados en el banco de fluidos, se evaluaron las simulaciones de ambas ecuaciones, usando el software libre Freefem++cs, que se basa en el método de los elementos finitos, las variables evaluadas son velocidad y presión en un intervalo de tiempo. Al analizar los resultados obtenidos con las simulaciones y comparar con los datos experimentales se encontró que las ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes representan mejor el sistema que la ecuación de Stokes.
Steppe Eagle in the East Kazakhstan Region
Authors:   Public Fund “Center for New Environmentally Safe Tehnologies”, Pulikova Genriyetta I. , Kaptyonkina Alyona G. ,   E.A. Buketov University of Karaganda, Tugarev Sergey Yu. ,   E.A. Buketov University of Karaganda
Published: May 2021

Fieldwork aimed at studying the population structure and demographic indices of the breeding groups of Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) in the southwestern part of the East Kazakhstan region was conducted from June 24 to July 20, 2020. In total, we recorded 79 adult Steppe Eagles. Within 4 sampled plots, 44 breeding territories of Steppe Eagles were visited, including 11 successful nests with a total of 11 nestlings found. The occupation of breeding territories was 95.45%, and the share of active nests from the number of occupied territories was 69.05%. The share of successful nests makes 25% and of unsuccessful – 31.82% from the total number of breeding territories. All broods found have only 1 nestling, making on average (n=29) 0.38±0.49 nestlings per active nest. In all sampled plots we observe a high proportion of nests with failed breeding (48.28% of active nests). The distribution density of Steppe Eagle breeding territories was 1.16–2.81/100 km2, on average 1.88/100 km2. The density of successful nests was 0.38–0.53/100 km2, on average 0.47/100 km2. The overall Steppe Eagle population inhabited suitable breeding habitats of the East Kazakhstan region was estimated in the range from 1110 to 2368 breeding pairs, on average 1617 pairs.
The Diet of the Osprey Breeding in “Chyrvony Bor” Nature Sanctuary, Belarus
Authors:   NGO APB-Birdlife-Belarus, Kitel Denis A. , Pljuta Mikhail V. ,   The Scientific and Practical Center for the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for biological resources, Kazakova Anastasia V. ,   Belarus State University
Published: May 2021

The article contains data on the diet of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) breeding at northern Belarus recorded by an online camera in 2018. In particular, 231 individuals of not less than 10 species of fish were analyzed. The average length of the prey fish lays between 20 and 30 cm. From 1 to 7 fishes have been brought to the nest daily.
Distance learning under conditions of pandemic (example of V.P. Astafiev Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University)
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University n.a. V.P. Astafiev, Lobanova N.I. , Logunova L.V.
Published: May 2021

Presented is the study of problems arising in the field of mass higher education (level: bachelor's degree) as a result of the transfer of education to a distance format. This task is implemented based on the study of monitoring the activity of teachers and students of the KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev in the electronic university environment (Moodle), as well as analysis of educational practices used by teachers in the process of distance learning, and analysis of student behavior patterns in a new situation of total e-learning for them. The study examines two groups of problems, namely: problems associated with the activities of teachers in the electronic university environment, and problems associated with the activity of students in the digital educational space. As a result of the analysis, a number of issues are identified that need to be addressed, namely: the need to develop e-didactics that reveals the possibilities of distance learning, the design of appropriate teaching methods and assessment systems and the transformation of educational programs, taking into account the formation of “soft skills” necessary for the productive work of students in electronic educational space.
Factors of international student migration from Tajikistan to Russia. Case of Northern (Arctic) Federal University
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University n.a. M.V. Lomonosov, Golomidova P.S.
Published: May 2021

Analyzed is the problem of growing importance of international educational migration, associated not only with the increase in the number of international students, but also with the growing political, economic and cultural influence of educational migration as process. One of the most perspective countries in the sphere of Russian higher education export is the Republic of Tajikistan. The aim of the article is to present the results of study of the factors, that have influenced on student migration from Tajikistan to Russia. The author conducts a survey based on an analysis of key statistical data from the Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, as well as a questionnaire survey, semi-formalized interviews with NArFU students from Tajikistan, as well as participant observation in the framework of professional activities. Within the study information channels about higher education opportunities were analyzed, alternative educational destinations were identified, and an analysis of the factors of student migration to Russia and Russian university (NArFU) was carried out. According to the results of the study, it is found that different factors form student migration in general: the initial interest to study abroad, approved by the family in case of positive experience of relatives, studying abroad, while key factors for studying in Russia include possibility of getting quality education with scholarship support. The decision-making process of choosing the university is influenced by the demand for an educational program, career prospects, university ranking, however, the combination of the factors can vary significantly. The authors consider the importance of the ethno-cultural specifics of the region in analyzing the flows of student migration, as well as during the university activities of developing the export of higher educational programs to Tajikistan.
Recolonization of states of Africa as a strategy for overcoming of economic problems of China
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Obukhov A.A. , Verkhoturov A.V.
Published: May 2021

Examined is significant development trend of the modern world geopolitical system of its substantial transformation, caused to a large extent by strengthening of China and Russia. The authors believe that based on the principles of political neorealism, we can talk about the “third wave” of colonization of Africa that is being formed at present, and based on fundamentally different approaches compared to previous world experience. The basis of this strategy, applied by the PRC, is the desire to maintain the role of the “world manufactory” due to the low cost of labor, while increasing the standard of living of its people by implementing various social and infrastructure projects.
Historical and legal concept of development of food security: experience of the NEP
Authors:   South-West State University, Khrushchev E.G. , Levchenko A.I.
Published: May 2021

Examined is the current legal issues of what is today called food security. The process of formation of this institution in the 1920s is considered through the prism of regulatory material. Such a retrospective analysis helps to prevent the dynamics of problems in modern state development. The purpose of the study is to identify the methodological, material and legal foundations for the emergence of food security during the New Economic Policy (NEP). Objectives to study the course of state and legal development during the NEP period are to analyze legal sources and archival materials of the Soviet policy in the 1920s in the field of food security. In the process of working on the study, a number of special methods were used, in particular, historical-legal, formal-legal, comparative-legal. The implementation of research tasks was achieved on the basis of a historical and legal analysis of the main sources and archival materials of the state and legal development of the NEP period, which enshrined the legal aspects of food security. An abstract review of the legal framework of the normative sources of the NEP allows to assert, that already in the 1920s, the issue of food security was formed. In addition, attempts were actively made to resolve it in corresponding legislative base formed. The experience of the NEP showed that the state agricultural food policy requires a very clear and clear legislative structure. These contradictions are more or less obvious in modern state of legal policy. This must be taken into account when making decisions. It is important to understand that the tasks of agricultural food policy do not have simple and complex solutions.
Formação em dança
Authors: Silveira Juliana Carvalho Franco da
Published: May 2021

O artigo aborda contribuições da educação somática para a revisão de práticas de ensino da dança e as implicações éticas desse processo. A educação somática é vista como tecnologia de si e como fonte de saber capaz de alterar relações de poder no âmbito da dança. Desse modo, tem contribuído para a educação em dança como prática da liberdade, ao promover autoconhecimento e consciência crítica.
Educação teatral como produção de subjetividade
Authors: Magela André Luiz Lopes
Published: May 2021

Artigo que visa caracterizar situações em que aulas de teatro possam fomentar uma produção de subjetividade potente, singular, junto a seus alunos. Como exemplo, será analisado um exercício realizado em uma aula de teatro dentro de um processo de pesquisa, propondo que elementos ali ocorridos se deram de modo análogo (homônomo) aos de processos de subjetivação. As referências são conceitos de Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari e Michel Foucault.
The Impact of Mobility Patterns on the Spread of the COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Auliya Syafira Fitri , Wulandari Nurcahyani
Published: May 2021

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading rapidly across the world and infected millions of people, many of whom died. As part of the response plans, many countries have been attempting to restrict people’s mobility by launching social distancing protocol, including in Indonesia. It is then necessary to identify the campaign’s impact and analyze the influence of mobility patterns on the pandemic’s transmission rate.Objective: Using mobility data from Google and Apple, this research discovers that COVID-19 daily new cases in Indonesia are mostly related to the mobility trends in the previous eight days.Methods: We generate ten-day predictions of COVID-19 daily new cases and Indonesians’ mobility by using Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm to provide insight for future implementation of social distancing policies.Results: We found that all eight-mobility categories result in the highest accumulation correlation values between COVID-19 daily new cases and the mobility eight days before. We forecast of the pandemic daily new cases in Indonesia, DKI Jakarta and worldwide (with error on MAPE 6.2% - 9.4%) as well as the mobility trends in Indonesia and DKI Jakarta (with error on MAPE 6.4 - 287.3%).Conclusion: We discover that the driver behind the rapid transmission in Indonesia is the number of visits to retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, and parks. In contrast, the mobility to the workplaces negatively correlates with the pandemic spread rate.
Assessment center im Hotel-Management
Authors: Zucha Rudolf O.
Published: May 2021

Die Internationalisierung und Globalisierung der Wirtschaft, insbesondere des Finanzkapitals, aber ebenso des Hotelkapitals nimmt - wie an anderer Stelle bereits behandelt worden ist - ständig zu. Die Persönlichkeit des globalen Managers (multikulturel und multilingual) wird somit auch im Hotelmanagement von strategischer Bedeutung sein. Das Assessment Center Verfahren bei der Auswahl und Förderung von Hotelmanagern wird in Zukunft notwendig werden um ein drohendes "managerial gap" zwischen Finanzkapital und Humankapital zu überwinden. Die kritischen Einwänge gegen die Globalisierung (Martin & Schumann, 1996; Huntington, 1996) und gegen die Mythologisierung der AC-Verfahren (Neuberger 1989, Kompa 1992) sind vor allem gesellschaftskritischer Natur und sollen ernst genommen werden, ändern aber nichts an der Tatsache, daß unter den gegebenen gesellschaftlichen und ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen die marktorientierten und in Konkurrenz stehenden Organisationen (Unternehmungen) ihr strategisches Handeln optimieren müssen.
The impact of political conflicts in former Yugoslavia (1990-1995) on tourism of the Croatian coast
Authors: Jordan Peter
Published: May 2021

The hostile actions that started in some parts o f Croatia already in 1990, the short war in Slovenia and the following wars in Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina affected tourism on the Croatian coast severely. Although foreign tourism was already stagnating in the late 1980s it has actually been struck by the war events after summer 1990. The number of over-night stays from abroad declined from 38.2 millions in 1989 to 3.0 millions in 1991, i.e. to 7.8% o f the figure in 1989. The northern section of the coast was affected by the decline to almost the same extent as the South. The development since 1991, however, is divergent: While the Dalmatian coast had four years of practically no tourism, the Kvarner and especially Istria enjoyed a quicker recovery. The paper analyses regional differences in the decline of tourism caused by the wars, the different lines of decline by countries of origin, the reasons for the early recovery in the North as well as the impact of the decline on the economy of the region.
WTO’s activities in the field of tourism statistics
Authors: Paci Enzo
Published: May 2021

The activities of WTO are focused on promoting a creative approach by National Tourism Administrations, Statistical Offices and local authorities to encourage countries to collect more reliable and more complete tourism statistics in line with WTO definitions, so as to improve their international comparability. WTO also emphasizes the need to speed up the production and publication of these statistics at country level in order to provide the means of identifying tourism trends by month and fine-tuning promotion and marketing policies. Computerization and the successful effort to develop standard definitions and classifications for tourism have given renewed force to WTO’s work in statistics. WTO has expanded activities with Member States to implement the WTO Recommendations on Tourism Statistics, adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission in 1993, through manuals, seminars and an ambitious statistical development programme to assess the economic importance of tourism. The programme includes the holding of a World Conference on the measurement of the economic impact of tourism in Nice (France) towards the end of May/beginning of June 1999. The objective of the Conference is to develop a core of indicators for the assessment of the net economic impact of tourism at both national and international level, thereby enhancing the credibility of the tourism industry.
Die Tourismusstatistik im Alpenraum unter besonderer Berücksichtigung Südtirols und deren Auswirkung auf das Destinationsmanagement (
Authors: Aberer Alfred , Pechlaner Harald
Published: May 2021

Dieser Beitrag betrachtet Südtirols Tourismus im Vergleich zu anderen Destinationen, desen Vorteile und negative Auswirkungen. Dabei ist die statistische Datengewinnung und- Verarbeitung als Ausgangspunkt für ein Informationssystem, verstanden. Die Tourismusorganisation ist die wichtigste Voraussetzung für Destinationsmanagement, und dabei für den Destinationsmanagement des Alpenraums. Deswegen wird in diesem Beitrag die strategiegerechte Gestaltung eines Destinationsmanagements und -marketings unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Globalisierung im Tourismus, der Analyse unterstellt.
Impact of oak wood modalities on the (non)-volatile composition and sensory attributes of red wines
Authors: González-Centeno María Reyes , Teissedre Pierre-Louis , Chira Kleopatra
Published: May 2021

During fermentation or ageing of wines, oak wood is commonly used in form of barrels, casks or derived oak products (chips, winewoods, tankstaves, among others). It is well known that aroma, structure, astringency, bitterness, aromatic persistence and colour may change as a result of wine‒wood contact. A full-scale experimentation was performed under different oak ageing conditions in order to evaluate colour, phenolic, aromatic and sensory differences among final red wines (9‒months ageing). Oenological parameters and wine colour were not impacted by ageing modality. At the end of ageing, no differences were found in total phenolic and tannin contents. Regardless of the ageing modality, total content and profile of fruity volatiles were globally maintained with regard to control (≥ 86 %). In contrast, the higher the surface of wine‒wood contact per unit of wine volume, the greater the extraction of woody aromas. Thus, barrels led to wines with the highest level of woody aromas (515‒864 µg/L), followed by cask modalities (430‒470 µg/L). From a sensory point of view, descriptors highlighting the woody character of wine (vanilla, spicy) were enhanced in all oak‒aged wines when compared to control. However, our results indicate that a masking effect of fruity aroma by oak wood did not occur, since all modalities were perceived as fruity as the control. Thus, each oak ageing modality may lead to wines with a different woody character, without no impact on fruity perception, allowing wineries to achieve the targeted aromatic profile, good structure and just the right balance between fruity and woody aromas.