bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetically Modified Crops and Gender Relations in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Critical Review
Authors: Schnurr Matthew A. , Addison Lincoln , Bawa Sylvia , Gore Christopher
Published: December 2021

Since their release in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM) crops have been lauded as a tool to redress stagnating yields and food insecurity among poor farmers. The potential for GM crops to alleviate poverty for farmers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) will likely hinge on their ability to enhance women’s overall well-being, yet there is little research that evaluates if (and how) the technology has such transformative potential. This article reviews the existing scholarship on this topic by grouping it into three strands: (1) the impacts of GM crops on labor processes, (2) gender and patterns of adoption, and (3) the consequences of GM crops for intra-household gender relations. Each area is characterized by contradictory findings, reflecting the diversity and complexity of gender relations in different contexts. Our review suggests that further research should build on mixed-method approaches that involve long-term interactions with households in order to generate robust and gender-disaggregated data that yield nuanced, context-specific analysis.
Parsing the Concepts and Practices of Gender, Development Disaster, and Climate Change: Visions of Transformation
Authors: Tickamyer Ann R.
Published: December 2021

Concepts used to understand and analyze two closely related fields—gender and development and gender, disaster, and climate change—overlap in the ways gender is implicated and women are targeted. This article explores the overlapping conceptual language that characterizes these fields to demonstrate how they emerge from feminist scholarship and converge in the project to promote social change for the realization of human rights for women. Terms like equality, mainstreaming, empowerment, resilience, agency, sustainability, and transformation permeate the research and policy literatures produced by both fields. Each field has moved from a sole focus on women to a broader understanding of the relational systems that bind women’s and men’s fortunes in both development and disaster/climate change with an emphasis on the role of power structures and hierarchies from local to global levels. Both fields increasingly adopt an intersectional approach that analyzes the complexities created by multiple social locations and identities. Gender and development explores the inequalities that disadvantage and marginalize women in the Global South across different social and geographic locations. Gender, disaster, and climate change similarly demonstrates the differential risks, vulnerabilities, and opportunities for recovery from disaster and adaptation and management of climate change that gender creates. Both use feminist epistemology and theory that combine reflexivity and advocacy with situated knowledge in analysis. Recognizing that their overlapping conceptual frameworks converge contributes to relevant research and policy analysis promoting social change and human rights. Examples are drawn from primary and secondary research in Indonesia to illustrate.
The future in glioblastoma treatment
Authors: Castro Natasha Kuromoto de , Rossettini Luisa Oliveira Wey , Prandini Mirto Nelso
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive tumor that affects humans. Surgical treatment based on cytoreduction presents serious limitations. Consequently, treatments that use selective measures, in order to define relevant antigens that retard growth and recurrences, acquire a prominent position. The complex tumor microenvironment and the infiltration into adjacent tissues make surgical therapies, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, approaches still unsatisfactory when the increase in survival rate is evaluated. Studies on central nervous system immunovigilance have found the presence of lymphatic vessels and the perivascular system that allows the presentation of antigens to T4 cells bringing with it great relevance of immunotherapy, and the creation of active immune responses, recruiting the immune system itself to fight the tumor locally or systemically. Objectives: Determine the effectiveness of combining immunotherapy with conventional therapies of treatments in order to prolong the survival of patients with GBM. Methodology: Databases of Springer Link, Oxford academic, PubMed, Biblioteca USP. Results: For an active immunotherapy to be well-defined, it is necessary to have a strong and efficient antigen presentation breaking the state of tumor immune tolerance and activating effector lymphocytes. The use of dendritic cells for this presentation may be a good strategy. Finally, the antitumor response requires coordination between various local and systemic components. Conclusion: The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of GBM continues to expand. Despite several problems, due to immunosuppression mediated by the tumor itself, the immunotherapy brings a hope regarding to the possibility of to increase the immunogenicity and, thus, prolonging patient survival.
SARS-CoV-2 and neurology: characteristics of patients with Covid-19 affected by CVA
Authors: Castro Kaline dos Santos Kishishita , Silva Amanda Alves Cardoso da , Gonçalo Ana Clara Mota , Figueiredo Camila Ângelo Vidal de , Machado Lorena Menegussi , Soares Mariana , Torres Mylena Andréa Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Since the beginning of the pandemic in December 2019, COVID-19 caused by the infection of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), in addition to the clinical manifestations already, can develop changes in the rate of blood clotting, where there are already notifications of Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) associated with the virus. Objective: To know the characteristics of patients with COVID-19 affected by CVA, documented in the scientific literature. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out, using the MeSH Brower platform descriptors, namely: Stroke and Coronavirus, with an AND expression. The articles were searched in scientific databases: PubMed, MEDLINE Complete and SCIELO. 217 studies were found, of which 04 publications were included in this research. Results: Parallel studies on patient characteristics: elderly, male and comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and obesity, all risk factors for stroke. However, there were cases of young patients affected by CVA after the diagnosis of COVID-19. With regard to neurological changes, the researched articles state that most patients have symptoms such as deviation of the labial commissure on the right, dysarthria, aphasia, hemiplegia and hemianesthesia on the left. Conclusion: Although this incidence is not known, CVA is emerging as a complication of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this sense, further studies on the subject are necessary, since the elucidation of thrombotic mechanisms in patients with COVID- 19 can generate complications to prevent complications such as Cerebrovascular Accident.
Epidemiological, neurofunctional profile and prevalence of factors associated with the occurrence of physical disabilities due to leprosy in a reference center in Northeast Brazil: a sectional study
Authors: Santos Thais Silva Matos, Lucas Gomes , Paiva João Paulo Silva de , Leal Thiago Cavalcanti , Santana Gibson Barros de Almeida , Fernandes Tânia Rita Moreno de Oliveira , Rocha Carlos Alberto de Oliveira , Silva Leonardo Feitosa da , Moura José Carlos de , Silva Tarcísio Fulgêncio Alves da , Souza Carlos Dornels Freire de
Published: December 2021

Background: Leprosy is an infectious disease that is associated with functional limitation. Objective: Describe the epidemiological, neurofunctional profile and the prevalence of factors associated with the occurrence of physical disabilities due to leprosy in a reference center in Northeast Brazil. Design and setting: Cross-sectional observational study carried out at the reference center Dr. Altino Lemos Santiago, in Juazeiro / Bahia. In 2018, the municipality recorded an annual average of 95 new cases of leprosy. Methods: Study including 50 leprosy patients. Variables analyzed: gender, age, history of leprosy in the family, time to diagnosis, clinical form, operational classification, degree of disability, OMP score, peripheral nerve function, muscle strength and sensitivity. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square test or Fisher’s exact, Poisson regression with robust estimation and PR-prevalence reason) were used. Significance of 5%. Results: it was verified an equal distribution was found between men and women, economically active age, low education, multibacillary forms in men (64.0%) and paucibacillary forms in women (60.0%). 78% of individuals had some degree of disability. 64.0% had a compromised ulnar nerve. Plantar sensitivity was decreased in 66% of patients. The predictors of disability were: age ≥45 years (PR 1.44; p=0.005), no education (PR 1.21; p=0.013) and OMP score ≥6 (PR 1.29; p <0.001). Conclusions: The findings show the importance of monitoring neural functions and the development of measures that allow the early diagnosis, the opportune method and the prevention of disabilities, especially in the male population.
Hyperacute tetraparesis with fasciculations as an initial manifestation of secondary hyperkalemic paralysis: a case report
Authors: Coimbra Tulio Marcos , Terrim Sara , Silva Guilherme Diogo
Published: December 2021

Context: Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is characterized by progressive weakness with signs of impairment of the lower motoneuron. Secondary hyperkalemic paralysis is a cause of AFP that must be quickly recognized to prevent cardiac and neurological deterioration. Case report: We present a 69-years-old man admitted to the emergency department due to hyperacute weakness. The patient walked normally to the hospital’s laboratory, where he sat down to wait for the collection of laboratory exams for the investigation of a thrombocytopenia. He was unable to get up from his chair when he was asked to collect the exams. The neurological examination showed symmetrical tetraparesis. Weakness was proximal grade II and distal grade III in the lower limbs. Upper limb weakness was grade IV. Reflexes were abolished in lower limbs and hypoactive in upper limbs. The sensitivity and cranial pairs were normal. Our patient denied bladder or bowel complaints. He also presented intense fasciculations in the cervical region and in the proximal muscles of the upper limbs. Initial laboratory showed potassium of 9.3 mEq/dL. The correction of hyperkalemia led to a complete reversal of weakness and fasciculations. During hospitalization, the patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Renal impairment led to hyperkalemia. Conclusions: Characterization of the motor examination, sensitivity and of reflexes allow the topographic diagnosis in AFPs. Secondary hyperkalemic paralysis manifests as symmetrical tetraparesis with a proximal predominance with hypoactive and abolished reflexes. Sensory examination is normal. The hyperacute manifestation and the presence of fasciculations reinforce this diagnosis as the cause of AFP.
The relationship between apolipoprotein e4 and bloodbrain barrier dysfunction in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Grah Vitor Matias , Silva Guilherme Sampaio , Rezende Karla Viana , Alves Ayrton Senna do Brasil Amaral , Oliveira Maria Inês Vaz de , Rodrigues Maria Paula Banhara , Amorim Juliana Carollyne
Published: December 2021

Background: Alzheimer disease(AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative dysfunction with a cognitive deficit and amyloid-β(Aβ) accumulation. That said, the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has 4 variants, with E4 being linked to decreased cerebral blood flow and fragile blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this way, the BBB has an important role in removing substances that are toxic to the brain such as βA protein. Objective: Demonstrate the relationship of ApoE4 and BBB dysfunction in the pathophysiology of AD. Methods: Bibliographic review using the CAPES journals portal, in the last 5 years. Results: After analyzing the studies, it is inferred that in cases of homozygosity for ApoE4 in relation to ApoE3 there is a 15 fold increased chance of developing AD and 3 fold heterozygosity. It is concluded that the mechanism that probably explain is related to the secretion of ApoE by the pericytes that lining brain vessels in the BBB, whilst the subtype E4 exacerbates cyclophilinA, which promotes the activation of metalloproteinase-9, causing junctions rupture between adjacent endothelial cells, promoting the loss of βA homeostasis. Conclusion: It can be inferred, that ApoE has great importance in the regulation of the integrity of BBB’s integrity, is undeniable that such protein has a significant contribution in the pathophysiology of AD, hereupon, it’s urgent that these studies need to be continued to develop new therapies in individuals who express ApoE4.
Implication of COVID-19 in Guillain-Barre Syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Martins Bruna de Almeida , Carrijo Fernanda Oliveira , Martins Guilherme Brandão , Santos Lívia Barbosa , Carvalho Erla Lino Ferreira de
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, was declared in 2020 as a pandemic by the WHO. Due to the new scientific discoveries, correlations between SARS- CoV-2 and neurological manifestations were established. Among them, the Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a concern, since it culminates in patient debility. The study has the relevance of knowing the impacts and complications of COVID 19 associated with GBS. In this context, the study presents the guiding question: What are the complications of Covid 19 with GBS? Objectives: To review the literature, highlighting the relationship between COVID- 19 and neurological complications, mainly GBS. Methodology: The study is a literature review, using the PubMed database. The descriptors “Guillain Barre” and “Covid 19” and “Complications” from the last year were used and 56 articles (free, of the type Books and documents; Clinical trial; Controlled and randomized testing; and Analysis) were selected. Results: The studies have shown the existence of an association between GBS and SARS-CoV-2. GBS associated with Covid-19 resulted in manifestations such as facial weakness, limb paresthesia, pain and weakness in the extremities with areflexia. The onset time of neurological symptoms was 6.5 to 11 days after respiratory or systemic characteristics. The liquor is normocellular, hyperproteinorchy, absence of anti-ganglioside antibodies and no SARS-CoV2 was detected in the sample, showing that there is no direct root infection or viral replication. Conclusion: It is concluded that there are neurological complications associated with COVID- 19, emphasizing the GBS, which highlights the need for measures of initial interventions.
Neurosciences and aging: determinants of healthy aging
Authors: Lóss Juliana da Conceição Sampaio , Souza Cristina de Fátima de Oliveira Brum Augusto de , Istoe Rosalee Santos Crespo
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Neuroscience is an area of knowledge that has been an important ally in the study, prevention and understanding of brain mechanisms and their influence on neurodegenerative diseases. In this tuning fork, the neuroscience of aging is concerned with studying important aspects in the life of the elderly, so that it becomes valuable to study the determinants of healthy aging. The present study aims to understand the aspects that involve healthy aging and how neuroscience can beneficially influence the aging process. Method: This research is a bibliographic review, of a qualitative nature, where the analysis of articles and authors was sought in the Scielo, Pubmed, Redalic databases. The study is justified because population aging is a reality where there is a forecast that, in 2025, Brazil will be the sixth country in the world in population of people over 60 years of age. Results: Through this study it was possible to understand that the determinants of health in aging are related to important factors such as the presence of diabetes, high blood pressure, the practice of regular physical activities, mental illness, healthy lifestyle, social interaction, leisure, and volunteer work. Conclusion: Neuroscience demonstrates relevant advances, as it considers the brain’s ability to restructure, recover damaged parts, develop and create new connections in aging. Knowing these factors can mean a long-term and quality- of-life future for the elderly with the prevention of diseases present in this phase of life.
Neurocryptococcosis in immunocompetent patient: Case report.
Authors: Miranda Natalia Figueiredo , Correa Beatriz Medeiros , Barreira Raphael Palomo , Torres Thomas Zurga Markus , Miyahira Clara Kimie , Cutolo Natasha Soares , Marques Thiago da Cruz , Rossette Vanessa Moraes , Nogueira Eduardo de Almeida Guimarães
Published: December 2021

Context: Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal infection, which can affect the central nervous system, caused by fungi of the Cryptococcus complex, having as main representatives the species C. neoformans and C. gatti; despite the similarities, these species compose distinct pathologies from the clinical and epidemiological point of view. Objective: To highlight possible diagnosis of cryptococcosis with inferior airway coinfection and CNS in order to elucidate early diagnosis and better clinical outcome. Case Report: A 43-year-old man, healthy, sought emergency care for flu-like symptoms associated with headache. Chest X-ray was performed with findings compatible with pneumonia associated with a single pulmonary nodule on the right base. He evolved with fever, neck stiffness, tonic-clonic seizure and lowering of consciousness level. Magnetic Resonance imaging of the skull was performed with numerous parenchymatic lesions of cystic aspect, perilesional edema and gadolinium ring enhancement. Lumbar puncture with xanthochromic liquor, high opening pressure associated with pleocytosis and cryptococcus gatti growth in culture. The patient progresses with intracranial hypertension associated with cryptococcal meningitis refractory to serial cerequaric punctures with excessive liquoric emptying. Performed external ventricle bypass associated with pharmacological therapy with venous antifungals, without clinical improvement progressing with bacterial meningitis; neurologic intervention was performed with contralateral PVD, without success, with evolution to death. Result: Dramatic evolution even with antibiotic optimization and neurosurgical procedures. Conclusion: There are few case reports about the severity and lethality of c. gattii infections in immunocompetent patients.
Effect of Parental Socioeconomic Indicators on Oral Health Related Quality of Life of their Children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Saffan Abdulrahman Al , Alageel Norah , Aldaijy Reem , Alofisan Abeer , Alswaity Yasmeen , Alamri Zahrah
Published: December 2021

Aim: There is scientific evidence that there is correlation between socioeconomic status and oral health integrity, more specifically children affected by dental caries have a reduced quality of life This research will thus shed light on the factors proving this correlation between the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of their young children and parental socioeconomic status that is backed up by their occupation, income, and educational level. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that collected the oral health information for children from their parents in different areas of Riyadh City. The study comprised parents from different areas in Riyadh City who were enrolled through simple random sampling technique. Sample Size of 350 was estimated using online Raosoft® sample size calculator based on acceptable margin error of 5%, confidence level of 95%. Results: overall ECOHIS score showed significant differences across the educational levels of mother (F=4.668, P = 0.003) and father (F=2.821, P = 0.039). However, child impact score (F=0.717, P = 0.581), family impact score (F=0.930, P = 0.447) and overall ECOHIS scores (F=0.900, P = 0.465) did not differ significantly across the various employment categories of mothers Conclusion: Parental socioeconomic conditions have a direct influence on OHRQoL of their children measured on ECOHIS. These factors should be attentively addressed when planning oral health promotion interventions for the Saudi Arabian population. Based on our study, these strategies should take into account socially and financially disadvantaged groups along with oral health behaviors and clinical variables. Keywords: oral health, socioeconomic status, caries
Effects of Garcinia Cambogia on the Weights of Normal Albino Mice
Authors: Afshan Gul , Mirani Ponum , Aslam Imtiaz , Ibrahim Sobia
Published: December 2021

Aim: Effects of available weight reducing drugs on the weights of a normal albino mice. Methodology: In this study, total 39 adult albino mice were used and were divided in three groups containing 13 animals in each. Group I served as control and was given 1 ml of distilled water once a day for 8 weeks. Group II and Group III served as experimental group and mice in these groups were given 0.5 mg of Slim Smart and Ultra Slim Plus drugs dissolved in 1 ml of distilled water respectively once a day for 8 weeks. To support these results weights of kidneys were also measured and relative tissue width index was calculated and compared with control group. Results: The weight of the animals increased in the experimental groups as compared to the control group. The overall difference for final weight among three groups was highly significant with p-value <0.01. When final weight compared group wise, the experimental groups had significantly higher weight as compared to control with p-values <0.01and 0.028 Conclusion: Both Ultra Slim Plus and Slim Smart drugs cause weight to increase in the individuals who are not obese and have BMI in normal range Keywords: Weight loss, Garcinia Cambodia, kidney, Albino mice
Counter effects of Vitamin E against Outcomes of Alcohol Toxicity in Pancreatic Acini: Histomorphometric Study
Authors: Ullah Wazir Noman , Khan Jehanzeb , Huma Zilli , Khan Farooq , Ara Nighat , Humayun Ambereen
Published: December 2021

Aim: To evaluate the effects of alcohol on the microscopic morphology of the exocrine pancreas and blood serum amylase and to explored that if vitamin E has a protective role against alcohol-induced damage in the pancreas of rabbits. Study design: Analytical experimental study Place and duration of study: Departments of Anatomy, Pathology and Pharmacology in Peshawar Medical College Pakistan from 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2019. Methodology: Eighteen healthy adult male domestic rabbits weighing 1-1.5 kg were chosen (oryctolaguscuniculus). The control group A received proper food and normal saline as drinking water, experimental group B received proper diet and 30 percent ethanol solution (30ml/kg/day) orally daily with normal saline, and experimental group C received proper diet, 30 percent ethanol solution (30ml/kg/day), vitamin E (50mg/kg/day) orally daily with normal saline. Each rabbit's blood was taken for serum amylase. Morphology of acinar cells included: 1) number of cells, (10 acini/field, 2) size of acini, 3) size of acinar cells, and 4) size of acinar nuclei. Results: Normal value of serum amylase in rabbits was found. The difference in serum amylase levels between the control and experimental groups for both E4 and E8 animals was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the number of pancreatic acinar cells, size of pancreatic acini, the pancreatic acinar cell size, and pancreatic acinar cells nuclear size in the control and experimental groups for both E4 and E8 animals. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption had no influence on the histomorphology of the rabbits' pancreatic acini in a short period (4-8 weeks). No significant variation was noted in the pancreatic acinar cells count & size, pancreatic acinar cells nuclear count and size, and pancreatic acini size. Therefore, protective role of vitamin E was not usefully identified. Keywords: Alcohol, Pancreas, Histomorphology, Vitamin E, Serum amylase
Prognostic Factors after Acute Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Akbar Ali , Hussain Arain Safdar , Ali Narejo Mumtaz , Saqib Ansari Najmus
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute subdural hematoma is a lesion caused by traumatic brain injury. Computed topography, hematoma thickness and midline shift analysis are important factors in evaluating its prognosis. Aim: To evaluate the factors involved in prognosis of acute subdural hematoma. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Neurosurgery, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st October 2020 to 30the June 2021. Methodology: One hundred patients from both genders and between age 18-55 years were enrolled. Clinical examination and radiological complete examination was done in each patient. Zumkeller Index (ZI) was calculated and Glasgow scoring was performed. Results: The mean age were 44.1±15.8 years with 87% males having major reasoning of head injury as a motor cycle accident. Traumatic brain injury was recorded as >3mm ZI in 10 cases. The mean midline shift was 12.4±6.06 mm with a significant difference between three categories. Conclusion: Midline shift and hematoma thickness are useful predictors of prognosis related to acute subdural hematoma. Keywords: Prognostic factor, Acute subdural hematoma, Computed tomography (CT)
Peritonsillar Abscess Treatment under Local Anaesthesia: Incision and Drainage versus Needle Aspiration
Authors: Rashid Nagra Sajid , Dastgir Khan Ghulam , Aftab Ahmed Salman , Rashid Saleha , Malik Anam , Rashid Saad
Published: December 2021

Background: Peritonsillar abscess is usually complication of acute tonsillitis which itself is prevalent in society. As a general surgical principle, abscess any were, has to be drained so same applies for quinsy but methodology for this drainage is not being agreed. Aim: To find best modality for drainage of this abscess and see its incidence in which age group and sex. Study design: Prospective study Place and duration of the study: Department of ENT, Rai Medical College, Sargodha from 1st Feb. 2017 to 31st Jan. 2019. Methodology: One hundred and thirty five patients above 15 years of age and those in need of hospital admission due to severity of symptoms were included. Paediatric, immunocompromised, requiring general anesthesia and acute tonsillitis patients were excluded. Results: There were 65.2% males and 34.8% females. Commonly affected age group was 21-40 years. Needle aspiration was found more effective for management of peritonsillar abscess. Conclusion: No consensus for single modality and both needle aspiration and incision/drainage is advocated and needle aspiration proved fruitful in management. Keywords: Quinsy, Peritonsillar abscess, needle aspiration
Evaluation of repeated micropulse cyclophotocoagulation in patients with refractory glaucoma
Authors: Ioshin I. E. , Tolchinskaya A. I. , Maksimov I. V. , Rakova A. V. , Potapova O. M. , Illarionova A. L. , Romanova I. A. , Smirnova E. V.
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of repeated micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) in patients with previously operated refractory glaucoma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. We examined 89 patients aged 74.2±7.3 years with moderate (16), advanced (58) and terminal (15) stages of uncompensated primary openangle glaucoma (POAG) before and within 12 months after the first MP-TSCPC (SUPRA 810, “Quantel Medical”, France) using standard laser parameters — 100 J. Indications for repeated MP-TSCPC were determined for 23 patients in 3 (1 patient), 6 (14 patients), 9 (8 patients) months after the first procedure. Repeated MP-TSCPC was carried out with higher impact energy — 125 J.

RESULTS. After the first procedure, the hypotensive effect was achieved in 66 (74.2%) patients with refractory glaucoma lasting up to 12 months of follow-up. Repeated MP-TSCPC in 23 patients reduced the IOP by 31.2% in moderate, 31.8% in advanced, and 22.9% in terminal stages (p<0.05) by 6 months of follow-up. As a result, during 12 months of observation, MP-TSCPC (single and double) led to stabilization of the IOP in 83.1% of cases.

CONCLUSION. Single and repeated micropulse TSCPC with laser energies of 100 J and 125 J is an effective and safe method of treating patients with refractory glaucoma. A single MP-TSCPC with laser energy of 100 J was effective in 66 (74.2%) patients by 12 months of observation, and single followed by repeated (laser energy of 125 J) — in 74 (83.1%) patients. It is possible to revise the basic parameters of the MP-TSCPC procedure from 100 to 125 J to achieve a longer and at the same time safe hypotensive effect in patients with refractory glaucoma.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Mizah Davranışları ile Örgütsel Muhalefet İlişkisi
Authors: GÜRLER Mustafa , YİRCİ Ramazan
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırma öğretmen görüşlerine göre okul yöneticilerinin mizah davranışları ile örgütsel muhalefet ilişkisini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan betimsel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 2019-2020 eğitim – öğretim yılında Gaziantep İli Nizip İlçesinde görev yapan 374 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada beşli Likert tipi ölçekler olan “Mizah Davranışları Ölçeği” ve “Örgütsel Muhalefet Ölçeği” veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Okul yöneticilerinin mizah davranışları ile örgütsel muhalefete ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri okul türü, cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, hizmet süresi, müdürle çalışma süresi, okuldaki yönetici ve öğretmen sayıları değişkenlerine göre incelenmiştir. Mizah davranışları ölçek puanlarında, cinsiyet, yaş ve yönetici sayısı açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Örgütsel muhalefet ölçek puanlarında ise, okul türü, hizmet süresi, okul müdürüyle çalışma süresi, okuldaki yönetici ve öğretmen sayısı değişkenlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Araştırmada öğretmen algılarına göre okul yöneticilerinin mizah davranışları ile örgütsel muhalefet arasında pozitif yönde düşük bir ilişkiye rastlanmıştır. Bu durum okullarda iletişim kanallarının açık olduğu, öğretmenlerce muhalif düşüncelerin okul yönetimine rahatlıkla dile getirilebildiğinin bir göstergesi olarak görülebilir. Ayrıca okullarda eğitim kademesi ile yönetici sayısı arttıkça örgütsel muhalefet davranışlarının azaldığı görülmüştür.
Questioning the Role of Moral AI as an Adviser within the Framework of Trustworthiness Ethics
Authors:   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Serafimova Silviya
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this article is to demonstrate why despite the growing interest in justifying AI’s trustworthiness, one can argue for AI’s reliability. By analyzing why trustworthiness ethics in Nickel’s sense provides some wellgrounded hints for rethinking the rational, affective and normative accounts of trust in respect to AI, I examine some concerns about the trustworthiness of Savulescu and Maslen’s model of moral AI as an adviser. Specifically, I tackle one of its exemplifications regarding Klincewicz’s hypothetical scenario of John which is refracted through the lens of the HLEG’s fifth requirement of trustworthy artificial intelligence (TAI), namely, that of Diversity, non-discrimination and fairness.
Characterising collaboration: Reflecting on a partnership between academic support staff and lecturers to help university students learn how to write for the discipline of chemistry
Authors:   Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa, Mfundo Makhanya Fezokuhle , Qwabe Lindelani ,   Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa, Bryant Katie ,   Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa
Published: December 2021

Academic staff often lament their students’ abilities to write for academic purposes. To address these writing challenges, faculty members can seek support from their university writing centres. Despite the expertise that can be found in areas of writing pedagogy in this location, these partnerships can often be asymmetrical with the academic staff members’ ways of knowing overpowering those belonging to members of the writing centre. Perhaps these issues of inequity and disregard between disciplines are one reason at least half the collaborations that form in universities context fizzle rather than flourish. This article reports on findings from a reflective investigation done by three members of a collaboration that is currently flourishing in its efforts to help first and final year chemistry students learn how to write for academic and research purposes in their discipline at one university of technology in South Africa. Using in-depth interviews, we, two members of the chemistry department and the coordinator of the university writing centre, reflected on our experiences beginning, implementing, and moving the partnership forward. From this reflective process, we have realised that the team members possess particular characteristics (i.e. ways of thinking and being) that have perhaps enabled this enterprise to successful work towards its goal.
Redesigning a sustainable English capstone course through a virtual student-faculty partnership
Authors: Keeling Kellie , Phalen Zoë , Rifenburg Michael J.
Published: December 2021

This collaborative essay between undergraduate students and a faculty member illustrates the importance of partnerships between students and faculty when redesigning courses. We ground this partnering in Students as Partner (SaP) praxis. SaP reinvigorates the faculty and student relationship as one in which both students and faculty serve as active agents in curriculum development, redesign, and assessment. In this essay, we introduce our partnership, locally ground our partnership, and highlight how we redesigned a sustainable English Department capstone course to include a cumulative, integrative assignment. Our partnership was not designed to lead to a quantifiable direct output (i.e., a publication or even a redesigned class); instead, our goal was to build community, to support each other, to learn, to write for ourselves and each other. We conclude by offering brief qualitative data on the effectiveness of our redesign efforts and how our approach may work as a model for redesigning courses in different contexts/institutions.
Dancing with power in ‘We are the university: Students co-creating change’
Authors: Peseta Tai , Donoghue Alex , Hifazat Sameer , Suresh Shivani , Beathe Ashley , Derbas Jasmine , Mees Brooke , Suresh Samuel , Sugita Clementine , Mallawa Arachchi Thilakshi , Nguyen Evelyn , Johnson Lexie , Clark Sophia , Ramegowda Rohith , Alford Jen , Manthos Maria , Jose Chinnu , Caughey Emma , Reed Vicky-Rae , Ashcroft-Smith Max
Published: December 2021

Much of the student-staff partnership literature calls for increased collaboration and power sharing among staff and students. Less common are accounts by student partners themselves that take up the challenge of what partnership and power feel like as universities embrace their neoliberal trajectory - and - purport to do so on behalf of students themselves. Especially acute is the conundrum of how partnership initiatives can, and do, reproduce the very power dynamics they set out to transform. We are a group of students and staff working in curriculum partnership together at Western Sydney University. The context of our work together is the 21C project, a university-wide strategy to transform curriculum, teaching, and learning, drawing on ‘partnership pedagogy’. In this paper, we engage in a process of reflexive inquiry to interrogate a new elective unit that many of us are involved in as advocates, co-creators, as students and staff learning together, and as evaluators, called We are the university: Students co-creating change (WATU). To highlight partnership’s intricate power plays, we offer a fictionalised account to reflect our multi-voiced experiences of being involved in WATU. We have come to understand power’s simultaneity in partnership as forms of power over, as permission-giving, as sharing (or partnership), and as the power to act (agency). The account is our story of partnership’s inevitable contradictions - a collaboration that teaches us about the challenges of working together while being cautious of partnership’s transformatory claims.
PELATIHAN SISWA (i) DALAM PENGENALAN KONSEP LAMBANG BILANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MONTESSORI TEMA GO GREEN PADA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DI ALAM ISLAMIC RAINBOW SCHOOL LUWU TIMUR
Authors: Crestiani Juwita , Indah Opik Dwi , Hermini Hermini
Published: December 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian ini di adakan pada bulan awal bulan November 2020. Kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat bagi anak usia dini karena mereka dapat mengasah kemampuan memahami makna konsep bilangan dengan indikator mencocokkan angka dengan media real object yaitu buah melalui kegiatan mencocokkan jumlah buah dengan lambang bilangan. Sehingga dapat melatih anak berhitung dengan menyebutkan angka satu, dua tiga dan seterusnya sekaligus mengenal lambang bilangan atau angkanya. Selain itu, semakin mengasah potensi dari aspek kognitif, bahasa dan social. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini khususnya pada pendidikan anak usia dini di Alam Islamic Rainbow School di Wonorejo Timur Kab. Luwu Timur berupa pengenalan dan pengajaran lambang bilangan  dengan mencocokkan dengan jumlah buahnya. konsep lambang bilanganKegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan selama 1 Minggu, dimana dalam pelaksanaannya terbagi dalam beberapa tahap yaitu: (1) tahap perencanaan (plan), (2) tahap pelaksanaan (do) dan (3) tahap evaluasi (see). Hasil dari kegiatan ini, siswa yang ikut dalam kegiatan ini merasa sangat senang dan antusias. Ini terlihat dari sikap yang mereka nampakkan dengan mengikuti kegiatan ini dari awal hingga akhir yaitu pada saat guru bertanya, siswa yang tahu jawabannya sangat antusias menjawab dan berulang kali mengangkat tangannya saat sesi pertanyaan secara massal atau menyeluruh. Salah satu media yang digunakan adalah real object yang ramah lingkungan dengan tema go green berupa buah-buahan. Hasil akhirnya adalah, seluruh anak usia dini dapat menepis rasa malu, ragu-ragu mereka dengan berani menjawab pertanyaan dalam bentuk ujaran maupun ungkapan-ungkapan. Setelah kegiatan ini berakhir, diharapkan agar mereka dapat mengaplikasikan ilmu pengetahuan yang mereka dapatkan di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
PELATIHAN GURU PEMBIMBING OLIMPIADE MATEMATIKA SEKOLAH DASAR VIA DARING
Authors: Qadry Ikhbariaty Kautsar , Nursakiah Nursakiah , Kristiawati Kristiawati
Published: December 2021

Hasil analisis situasi menunjukkan bahwa guru SD di Kecamatan Walenrang Timur, Kabupaten Luwu butuh kemampuan menganalisis dan memecahkan soal olimpiade matematika SD agar mereka bisa membimbing dan mengarahkan siswa yang akan mengikuti olimpiade. Kegiatan ini bertujuan membekali guru kemampuan menganalisis dan memecahkan soal olimpiade matematika SD via daring. Masalah mitra diselesaikan dengan metode pelatihan. Prosedur kerja metode tersebut, yaitu: pemberian angket sebelum pelatihan, tes awal untuk semua peserta pelatihan, penyajian materi penyelesaian soal olimpiade matematika SD via daring, tes akhir untuk semua peserta pelatihan, pemberian angket setelah pelatihan. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 23 peserta dari 11 sekolah dasar berbeda se-Kecamatan Walinrang Timur, Kabupaten Luwu. Hasil angket menunjukkan bahwa kemantapan kemampuan menganalisis dan mengerjakan soal olimpiade matematika peserta mengalami peningkatan dari 50% sebelum pelatihan menjadi 69,6% setelah pelatihan. Melalui angket, peserta mengakui mendapat banyak pengetahuan dan pengalaman dalam berinteraksi dengan soal olimpiade matematika. Selain itu, kegiatan ini, menurut mereka, adalah ajang silaturahim antara pemateri dan peserta, terutama dalam membangun dan mengembangkan profesionalitas mereka sebagai pendidik matematika.
PENTINGNYA PENDIDIKAN SEKS BAGI ANAK SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMAHAMAN DAN MENGHINDARI PENCEGAHAN KEKERASAN MAUPUN KEJAHATAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Wajdi Farid , Arif Asmani
Published: December 2021

Maraknya perilaku kekerasan, penyimpangan dan kejahatan seksual dikehidupan masyarakat perlunya peran orang tua, pendidik dan masyarakat sekitar melalui Pendidikan seksual dengan cara pemahaman dan pencegahan yang baik dan benar kepada anak-anak sebagai bekal kehidupan selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman, solusi dan pelatihan mengenai pentingnya Pendidikan sesksual bagi anak generasi penerus bangsa guna memahami Pendidikan seksual yang sehat dan upaya mencegah penyimpangan dan kekerasan seksual.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pustaka, pengambilan sumber data melalui informasi dan kajian ilmiah berupa media cetak dan elektronik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendidikan seksual bagi anak, baik sejak usia mereka masih dini maupun remaja sangat penting dan diperlukan. Karena dengan adanya pemberian pemahaman seksualitas mereka akan lebih memahami dan berhati-hati, sebagai upaya mencegah dan menghindari pelecehan, kekerasan dan perilaku menyimpang seksual.
PENINGKATAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT SADAR WISATA DAN PEDULI LINGKUNGAN DI DESA DOLOK NAULI KECAMATAN ADIAN KOTING KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA
Authors: Firmando Harisan Boni
Published: December 2021

Pariwisata menjadi sektor yang masuk dalam program prioritas nasional pemerintah, karena diyakini mampu mendongkrak pertumbuhan perekonomian nasional. Potensi alam dan potensi rohani di Desa Dolok Nauli, Tapanuli Utara merupakan destinasi wisata yang dapat mensejahterakan masyarakat. Suksesnya sektor pariwisata didukung oleh manusia, tempat dan waktu. Ditemukan fakta banyak masyarakat yang belum mempunyai kesadaran akan potensi wisata dan peduli lingkungan. Pengabdian ini berupaya memberdayakan masyarakat dengan memberikan berbagai informasi tentang kepariwisataan melalui penyuluhan, sehingga membuka paradigma masyarakat untuk mengembangkan potensi desa yang berbasis kearifan lokal dan melakukan upaya persuasif berupa kegiatan gotong royong seperti membersihkan lingkungan, membuat pot bunga dan menanam bunga. Hasil pengabdian ini dapat dilihat dari kawasan desa yang asri, meningkatkannya partisipasi masyarakat sadar wisata dan meningatkanya kepedulian masyarakat terhadap lingkungan.
Estresse e seus efeitos na qualidade da carne de peixe: revisão
Authors: ALBERGARIA F. C. , OLIVEIRA D. C. F. , MURATA P. M. M. , CLEMENTINO J. G. , VENÂNCIO A. H. , GOMES M. E. S. , RAMOS A. L. S.
Published: December 2021

Na aquicultura, os procedimentos de manejo dos peixes são muitas vezes traumáticos, podendo causar graves reações fisiológicas e bioquímicas. Com o aumento da produção aquícola, percebe-se a necessidade de conhecer a influência do manejo sobre a qualidade da carne. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão bibliográfica foi avaliar como o estresse pode afetar a qualidade da carne em peixes. Através da análise de trabalhos disponíveis, pode-se perceber que o estresse afeta a qualidade da carne do pescado, já que a natação vigorosa leva ao uso intenso do músculo branco. Animais estressados antes do abate entram em rigor mortis mais rapidamente, diminuindo o pH da carne, sua vida útil e qualidade. Além disso, o manuseio e processamento do peixe durante o rigor mortis causam menor rendimento do filé e perda da qualidade da carne. O estresse agudo antes do abate pode desencadear carnes com textura menos firme, ao passo de que estresse de longa duração acarreta em aumento da firmeza da carne. Além disso, o estresse pode provocar aumento na incidência de gaping e diminuição da capacidade de retenção de água. A cor da carne varia muito entre espécies de peixes, podendo ou não estar associada ao estresse ante mortem.
Comportamentul de reproducere al ranidelor verzi: analiză sintetică
Authors:   Tiraspol State University, Republic of Moldova, Cozari Tudor , Gherasim Elena ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2021

Amphibians, represents a special study object for researchers because this are the first vertebrate animals that have conquered the dry land. Internationally, this study being analyzed from the most diverse points of view: morphological, physiological, systematic, phylogenetic, ecological, and so on, but nationally the research is incomplete. For this purpose, the authors carried out a complex study and deciphered the most complicated aspects of reproductive behavior of these vertebrate animals. The reproduction behavior of green frogs is one that evolved during their evolution and is one of the important components of the process of adaptation of amphibian populations to the conditions of the temperate environment of the Earth.
Influiența preparatului E-SELEN asupra statusului antioxidant la vaci în perioada de tranziție și lactație timpurie
Authors:   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova, Vlasiuc Ion , Cociu Valeriu ,   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova, Balanescu Savelie ,   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova, Popovici Mihail ,   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova, Buza Victoria ,   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research was to determine and monitor the influence of E-Selen supliment on the antioxidant status of Flecvieh cows during the transition and early lactation period as well as all changes during this period. Determined parameters were GSH-Px; TAC; ROM; MAS. Most significant changes was observed in TAC and GSH-Px. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the plasma during transition period in the experimental group is characterized by an increase in its value, compared to antepartum, and in the control group by a decrease; and maintaining higher values compared to the control group in the postpartum period. Results obtained in the dynamics of (GSH-Px) in plasma, characterized by maintaining a higher level in the experimental group compared to the control group, beginning with 20 days antepartum and ending 30 days p/p. Balance of antioxidant status during the transition and onset of lactation is of major importance for the state of metabolic health in highly productive milk cows. Administration of the E-Selen supplement to cows, 30 days before parturition, had an influence on antioxidant status indices, expressed by maintaining their positive dynamics compared to control group.