bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dried blood spot versus venous blood sampling for phenylalanine and tyrosine: a large difference?
Authors: Vliet Kimber van , Ginkel Wiggert G. van , Dam Esther van , de Blaauw Pim , Koehorst Martijn , Kingma Hermi A. , Spronsen Francjan J. van , Heiner-Fokkema M. Rebecca
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: To investigate agreement between various dried blood spot (DBS) and venous blood sample measurements of phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations in Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Tyrosinemia type 1 (TT1) patients. STUDY DESIGN: Phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations were studied in 45 PKU/TT1 patients in plasma from venous blood in lithium heparin (LH) and EDTA tubes; venous blood from LH and EDTA tubes on a DBS card; venous blood directly on a DBS card; and capillary blood on a DBS card. Plasma was analyzed with an amino acid analyzer and DBS were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Agreement between different methods was assessed using Passing and Bablok fit and Bland Altman analyses. RESULTS: In general, phenylalanine concentrations in LH plasma were comparable to capillary DBS, whereas tyrosine concentrations were slightly higher in LH plasma (constant bias of 6.4 µmol/L). However, in the low phenylalanine range, most samples had higher phenylalanine concentrations in DBS compared to LH plasma. Remarkably, phenylalanine and tyrosine in EDTA plasma were higher compared to all other samples (slopes ranging from 7-12%). No differences were observed when comparing capillary DBS to other DBS. CONCLUSIONS: Overall agreement between plasma and DBS is good. However, bias is specimen- (LH vs EDTA), and possibly concentration- (low phenylalanine) dependent. Because of the overall good agreement, we recommend the use of a DBS-plasma correction factor for DBS measurement. Each laboratory should determine their own factor dependent on filter card type, extraction and calibration protocols taking the LH plasma values as gold standard.
Transcript, protein, metabolite and cellular studies in skin fibroblasts demonstrate variable pathogenic impacts of NPC1 mutations.
Authors: Musalkova Dita , Majer Filip , Kuchar Ladislav , Luksan Ondrej , Asfaw Befekadu , Vlaskova Hana , Storkanova Gabriela , Reboun Martin , Poupetova Helena , Jahnova Helena , Hulkova Helena , Ledvinova Jana , Dvorakova Lenka , Sikora Jakub , Jirsa Milan , Vanier Marie Therese , Hrebicek Martin
Published: December 2019

Background:F Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) is a rare neurovisceral genetic disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 or the NPC2 gene. NPC1 is a multipass-transmembrane protein essential for egress of cholesterol from late endosomes/lysosomes. To evaluate impacts of NPC1 mutations, we examined fibroblast cultures from 26 NP-C1 patients with clinical phenotypes ranging from infantile to adult neurologic onset forms. The cells were tested with multiple assays including NPC1 mRNA expression levels and allele expression ratios, assessment of NPC1 promoter haplotypes, NPC1 protein levels, cellular cholesterol staining, localization of the mutant NPC1 proteins to lysosomes, and cholesterol/cholesteryl ester ratios. These results were correlated with phenotypes of the individual patients. Results: Overall we identified 5 variant promoter haplotypes. Three of them showed reporter activity decreased down to 70% of the control sequence. None of the haplotypes were consistently associated with more severe clinical presentation of NP-C. Levels of transcripts carrying null NPC1 alleles were profoundly lower than levels of the missense variants. Low levels of the mutant NPC1 protein were identified in most samples. The protein localised to lysosomes in cultures expressing medium to normal NPC1 levels. Fibroblasts from patients with severe infantile phenotypes had higher cholesterol levels and higher cholesterol/cholesteryl ester ratios. On the contrary, cell lines from patients with juvenile and adolescent/adult phenotypes showed values comparable to controls. Conclusion: No single assay fully correlated with the disease severity. However, low residual levels of NPC1 protein and high cholesterol/cholesteryl ester ratios associated with severe disease. The results suggest not only low NPC1 expression due to non-sense mediated decay or low mutant protein stability, but also dysfunction of the stable mutant NPC1 as contributors to the intracellular lipid transport defect.
Epidemiology and etiology of lower limb injuries in Iranian recreational runners
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Hamed , Hijmans Juha , Minoonejad Hooman , Rajabi Reza , Alizadeh Behrooz , Zwerver Johannes
Published: December 2019

Background Knowledge about prevalence and etiology of running-related injuries (RRIs) is important to tailor an effective RRI prevention program. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and etiology of RRIs in Iranian recreational runners.Methods An internet-based self-developed questionnaire was sent to recreational runners recruited through social media. The questionnaire asked about personal and training characteristics, psychological factors (passion, BERQ-2, RAND-36), SQUASH, sleep, foot type and RRIs over the last six months. Data were analyzed descriptively and using logistic regression.Results Self-reported data from 804 questionnaires were analyzed. Twenty-five potential risk factors for RRIs were investigated. The male-to-female proportion was 57.5:42.5. 54% of runners reported at least one RRI. Patellofemoral pain syndrome was the most-reported injury (19.8%), followed by medial tibial stress syndrome (16.9%). Knee was the most-affected location (44.6%), followed by lower leg (19.2%). The variables associated with RRIs were: overweight (odds ratio (OR):1.77), pes planus (OR:1.81), running over 20 km/week (OR:1.62), hard-surface running (OR:1.38), running company (OR:1.74), following a training program (OR:1.50), obsessive passionate attitude (OR:1.05), RAND-36 (OR:0.96), and sleep quality (OR:1.46). Associated factors for all different RRI types were analyzed too.Conclusions Overweight, running over 20 km/week, hard-surface running, having pes planus or cavus, higher obsessive passion, lower RAND-36, and poor sleep quality were the most predictive risk factors for RRIs types. This study highlighted the importance of psychological factors besides abnormal foot arch and some training-related risk factors for RRIs in Iranian runners. These results may be useful for runners and coaches to tailor effective training programs and to design RRI prevention programs that may help clinicians when managing RRIs.
Motor and postural control in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a blinded, prospective, and controlled cross-sectional study
Authors: Niemier Kay , Seidel Wolfram , Kerstin Engel , Emmereich Jan , Wetterling Thomas , Casser Hans-Raimund , Marnitz Ulf , Ulrich Smolenski , Johannes Michaelis , Loudovici-Krug Dana
Published: December 2019

Background Motor and postural control dysfunctions are hypothesized to be important for the development and clinical course of chronic, non-specific low back pain (cLBP).Objective To compare the motor and postural control deficiencies (MPCD) between patients with cLBP and healthy controls.Methods Blinded, cross-sectional control study using clinical tests examining motor and postural control between patients and healthy controls.Results We compared the motor and postural control of 46 cLBP patients and 36 healthy controls. Patients with cLBP had significantly more positive pathological tests for movement control (one-leg stance, hip extension, and breathing pattern). No significant differences were observed between groups for tests examining postural control. Patients with cLBP had significantly more trigger points in muscles relevant to postural control.Conclusions Although we found that, in general, cLBP patients have poorer motor and postural control relative to healthy subjects, not all patients showed poor motor and postural control. Therefore, MPCD might only be relevant for a subgroup of patients with cLBP. Targeted diagnostic and treatment settings as well as preventive interventions for this subgroup should be the aim of further studies.
Association of bone mineral density with reoperation rate following instrumented lumbar spinal fusion: a retrospective cohort and case-control study
Authors: Löffler Maximilian Thomas , Loreck Niklas , Sollmann Nico , Kaesmacher Johannes , Zibold Felix , Shiban Ehab , Rienmüller Anna , Vazan Martin , Meyer Bernhard , Ryang Yu-Mi , Kirschke Jan S.
Published: December 2019

Background Low bone mineral density (BMD) is believed to influence the outcome of instrumented spinal surgery and can lead to reoperation. Purpose of this retrospective cohort and case-control study was to investigate the association of BMD with the risk of reoperation following instrumented lumbar spinal fusion (LSF). Methods For the cohort analysis, 81 patients were included who received LSF with and without polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-augmentation. For the case-control analysis, 18 patients who had reoperation following LSF were matched to 26 patients who did not have reoperation (matching criteria: sex, age ± 5 years, fused levels, and augmentation). Opportunistic BMD screening was performed in perioperative CT scans using asynchronous calibration. Mean BMD was compared between patients with and without reoperation in augmented and non-augmented surgeries. Results In the cohort analysis, prevalence of osteoporosis (BMD < 80 mg/cm³) was 29% in non-augmented and 85% in augmented LSF. Seven of 48 patients with non-augmented (15%) and 4 of 33 patients with augmented LSF (12%) had reoperation. In non-augmented LSF, patients with reoperation had significantly lower BMD than patients without reoperation (p = 0.005). In the case-control analysis, patients with reoperation presented numerically lower BMD of 78.8 ± 33.1 mg/cm³ than patients without reoperation with BMD of 89.4 ± 39.7 mg/cm³ (p = 0.357).Conclusions Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients undergoing LSF is relatively high. Patients with reoperation following LSF showed slightly lower BMD compared to matched patients without reoperation, but the difference was not statistically significant. Opportunistic BMD screening in preoperative CT is feasible and can provide valuable information about osteoporotic bone status.
Improving Obesity Management Training in Family Medicine: Multi-methods evaluation of the 5AsT-MD Pilot Course
Authors: Luig Thea , Wicklum Sonja , Heatherington Melanie , Vu Albert , Cameron Erin , Klein Doug , Sharma Arya M , Campbell-Scherer Denise
Published: December 2019

Background: Quality, evidence-based obesity management training for family medicine residents is needed to better support patients. To address this gap, we developed a comprehensive course based on the 5As of Obesity Management™ (ASK, ASSESS, ADVISE, AGREE, ASSIST), a framework and suite of resources to improve residents’ knowledge and confidence in obesity counselling. This study assessed the course’s impact on residents’ attitudes, beliefs, and confidence with obesity counselling.
Methods: The course combines lectures with a bariatric empathy suit experience, standardized and in-clinic patient practice, and narrative reflections. Using a multi-methods design we measured changes in 42 residents’ attitudes, beliefs, and self-confidence and thematically analyzed the narrative reflections to understand residents’ experience with the course content and pedagogy.
Results: Following the course, residents reported improved attitudes towards people living with obesity and improved confidence for obesity counselling. Pre/post improvement in BAOP scores (n=32) were significant (p<.001)., ATOP scores did not change significantly. Residents showed improvement in assessing root causes of weight gain (p<.01), advising patients on treatment options (p<.05), agreeing with patients on health outcomes (p<.05), assisting patients in addressing their barriers (p<.05), counseling patients on weight gain during pregnancy, (p<.05), counseling patients on depression and anxiety (p<.01), counseling patients on iatrogenic causes of weight gain (p<.01), counseling patients who have children with obesity (p<.05), and referring patients to interdisciplinary provider for care (p<.05).
Qualitative analysis of narrative reflections illustrates that experiential learning was crucial in increasing residents’ ability to empathically engage with patients and to critically reflect on implications for their practice.
Conclusion: The 5AsT-MD course has the potential to increase residents’ confidence and competency in obesity prevention and management. Findings reflect the utility of the 5As to improve residents’ confidence and competency in obesity management counselling.
Business Ethics in Providing Financial Statements: The Testing of Fraud Pentagon Theory on the Manufacturing Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Evana Einde , Metalia Mega , Mirfazli Edwin , Georgieva Daniela Ventsislavova , Sastrodiharjo Istianingsih
Published: December 2019

The article studies the causes and consequences of manipulating the financial statements of companies, identifies the most influential drivers of fraudulent reporting actions by employees and business owners. This research aimed to examine the effect of fraud indicators in fraud pentagon theory against the detection of fraudulent financial reporting on manufacturing companies. Independent variables in this research were variable pressure proxy by financial stability, external pressure, and financial target, opportunity proxy by nature of the industry, rationalization proxy by total accrual, capability proxy by the change of directors, and arrogance proxy by ownership by management. The dependent variable was the fraudulent financial reporting proxy by fraud score. The sample of this research used 57 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Effect in 2013-2015. It is found that the result of the determination coefficient test shows an adjusted R2 value of 0.068, it means that the ability of the independent variable in explaining the variants of the dependent variable is still limited, which is 6.8%. The ANOVA test, which shows the possibility of using the regression model to predict the Fraudulent Financial Report, serves as the methodological tool of the study. It is determined that pressure with proxies of financial stability (current), external pressure (Lev), and financial target (ROA), opportunity with the nature of industry (receivable) proxy, and arrogance with managerial ownership (OM) proxy do not affect fraudulent financial reporting. The result of this research showed that rationalization variables proxy by the total accrual ratio and capability proxy by the change of directors had an influence on the fraudulent financial reporting. While the pressure variable proxy by financial stability measured with the current ratio, external pressure measured with leverage ratio, financial target measured with ROA, opportunity variable proxy by nature of industry variable measured with the change in inventory ratio, and arrogance proxy by ownership by management had no influence on financial statement fraud. The results obtained can be useful both for the management of the company and for regulatory authorities in terms of understanding the growth indicators of the financial statement fraud frequency and tools to minimize their impact.
Keywords: fraud, fraud pentagon, fraudulent financial reporting, financial statement fraud, leverage ratio, managerial ownership and manufacturing sector.
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT DESIGN FOR A RAPID DISASTER RELIEF, TOWARDS INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) POTENTIAL
Authors: Dachyar Muhammad , Yadrifil Yadrifil , Fahreza Idrus
Published: December 2019

All victims in a disaster situation need rapid assistance, yet in some cases this goal not accompanied by an ideal recording system on their logistic inventory management. This study aims to achieve inventory management systems for disaster logistics and their delivery in a fast response time and to create a rapid disaster relief distribution process through the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT). In disaster management agencies, the Business Process Reengineering (BPR) approach and IoT implementation are used. The proposed model resulted in a 44.92 percent increase in the time efficiency of logistical relief distribution, which previously took 64.34 hours to 35.44 hours.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WITH DIFFUSE WEIGHTED IMAGING AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY WITH INTRAVENOUS CONTRAST IN STAGING OF DISSEMINATED OVARIAN, STOMACH, COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Chetverikov Sergiy , Zavoloka Svitlana , Onyshchenko Viacheslav , Chetverikov Mykhailo , Chetverikova-Ovchynnyk Valeriia
Published: December 2019

The aim of the research. Development and implementation of new methods for pre-operative staging of advanced ovarian, gastric and colorectal cancer to improve patient selection for cytoreductive surgery and increase its radicality.

Materials and methods. Data from 120 patients with advanced ovarian cancer, 28 with advanced gastric cancer and 119 with advanced colorectal cancer were analyzed. Preoperative detection of the incidence of peritoneal carcinoma and the possibility of surgery in radical or cytoreductive volume performed by CT with intravenous contrast (72 patients with ovarian cancer, 17 patients with gastric cancer, and 69 patients with colorectal cancer), and MR T1 and T2, contrast-enhanced T1, and diffuse-weighted sequences (48 patients with ovarian cancer, 11 patients with gastric cancer, and 50 patients with colorectal cancer). Subsequently, preoperative and intraoperative assessment of the prevalence of the tumour process with peritoneal carcinoma index (PCI) by Sugarbaker was performed.

Results. A statistically significant increase in the informativeness of the preoperative assessment of the incidence of tumour process in peritoneum and the presence of distant metastases using DWI / MRI compared with CT with intravenous contrast was determined. Patients from all groups were categorized according to the completeness index of cytoreduction achieved by preoperative staging and patient selection using DWI / MRI and CT. The use of DWI / MRI allowed to significantly reduce the number of suboptimal and non-optimal cytoreductive interventions.

Conclusions. DWI / MRI has made it possible to significantly improve the preoperative incidence of advanced ovarian, gastric, and colorectal cancer compared to CT, predict the radicality of future surgery, and detect inoperable cases.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEN AND WOMEN IN YOUNG AND MIDDLE AGE WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AT DIFFERENT GALECTIN-3 PLASMA LEVELS ACCORDING TO THE RESULT OF LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors: Ivanov Valeriy , Onyshchuk Tetiana
Published: December 2019

The aim of the research was to describe the clinical charachters of male and female patients with stage II arterial hypertension (AH) of young and middle age with different gradations of galectin-3 plasma levels according to multiple linear stepwise regression analysis.

Materials and methods: 160 patients with AH of different sex (male and female) and age (young (18–44 years), middle (45–60 years)) were examined (clinical, laboratory and instrumental). Multiple linear regression was used to determine the clinical presentation of patients with AH at different levels of the neurohormone (StatSoft's Statistica MultipleRegression v. 10.0 module). which were divided into groups that vi told for the entirely different patient characteristics. multiple linear regression was performed for each indicator separately and the results have been shaped in the form of regression equations.

Results. Patients with young and middle-aged AH have been found to be relatively high (RH) levels of galectin-3 associated with: the presence of a complex of metabolic risk factors – obesity and dyslipidemia; in combination with multiple features of structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system, such as the presence of concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in combination with myocardial relaxation disorders (Е/e' aver>7.2) and signs of hemodynamic overload of the left atrium (LA) (LA volume index (LAVi)>34 ml/m2); the presence of valve dysfunctions in the form of mitral (1–2 degree) and aortic regurgitation (1 stage); the presence of structural remodeling of the carotid arteries (intima-media thickness (IMT)>0.91 mm). Plasma abdominal obesity was the most informative marker of RH galectin-3 in plasma, IMT>0.91 mm and LAVi>34 ml/m2.

Conclusions. The association of plasma galectin-3 levels with various clinical and instrumental indicators indicates a certain effect of the neurohormone on the course of AH in young and middle-aged male and female patients. Of indisputable interest is the determination of the features of the course of AH and the clinical profile of patients at different gradations (relatively low (RL), relatively moderate (RM) and relatively high (RH)) galectin-3 plasma level.
NEURYDYNAMIC FEATURES OF YOUNG PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT DURATION OF VESTIBULAR ILLUSION
Authors: Vadzyuk Stepan , Shmatа Roman
Published: December 2019

The article deals with neurodynamic features in persons with different duration of vestibular illusion of rotation. The review of the literature concludes that the time of arbitrary reactions is ensured by a high level of integrative activity of nerve formations. Also, data on the effect of rotation test on the indicators of vestibulo-sensory reactions of young fighters-all-rounders and on the sensorimotor reactivity and success of flight training are given. The study of sensorimotor reactions revealed that the longest latency periods were in the people with very long vestibular illusion against rotation. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded, that the features of neurodynamic processes in persons with long duration of vestibular illusion of rotation, in the conditions of excitement of the vestibular analyzer, occur to a greater extent by increasing the duration of motor reactions and increasing the time of the reflex response
PROBATION OF THE IMPROVED VACUUM-EVAPORATIVE APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CONCENTRATED FRUIT-BERRY SEMI-PRODUCTS
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Fedak Natalia , Sabadash Sergei , Kazakov Dmytro , Kolodnenko Vitaliy
Published: December 2019

The aim of the research is to probate the improved vacuum-evaporative apparatus with a changed heating system and increased heat exchanging surface, designed for producing high-quality concentrated blended fruit-berry compositions. Such constructive solution allows to realize an even stabilizing temperature effect, achieved at the expanse of eliminating a steam heating tunic by using a mixer of the apparatus itself. This approach provides simplification of exploitation conditions of such apparatuses, increases the heat exchanging surface that results in decreasing the thermal processing duration at concentrating natural raw materials with a possibility to create original blended compositions of the high readiness degree on its base. For providing production of concentrated semi-products, it is offered to blend fruit-berry raw materials in integral compositions of the high readiness degree. Food semi-products, obtained by this way, differ by original organoleptic properties and increased structural-mechanical indices that give a possibility of their wide use in different branches of food industry and restaurant economy.

There is used a method of determining changes of the obtained structure of blended fruit-berry paste with different ratios of components, using the differential function for distribution of pores by radius that provides determination of an influence of each raw material on the obtained dispersion. It is established, that a composition, based on apple, cranberry and blackberry demonstrates a dispersion decrease at introducing cranberry within 25–35 % and its growth at a concentration increase up to 45 % ( = 1.8 nm).

At the apparatus probation there is established the evenness provision of a heat flow from a flexible film resistant electric heater of the radiating type, used for heating. Thus, at the given temperature on the heater surface as 146 °С, a difference of temperature values in control points is within error.

The result of the gustatory examination proved an advantage of the obtained blended fruit-berry concentrated semi-product, characterized by the homogenous structure with a peasant color and original taste qualities.

The offered innovative construction-technological idea allows to produce high-quality concentrated products at using the improved equipment with the even stabilizing temperature effect, decreased metal consumption and increased exploitation indices
Promoting Cultural Site by Improving English Language Ability: An English Specific Purpose for Tourism
Authors: Nurhayati Dwi Astuti Wahyu
Published: December 2019

This research was carried out to improve English ability of young generations of Tapakrejo village in order to promote Punden cultural sites to be tourism destination. It is specialized in practicing communicative speaking skill as the implementation of ESP for tourism. This research included into Classroom Action Research which was conducted in two cycles. The subject of this research was 20 young people of Tapakrejo village, Blitar. The data were collected using observation checklist, interview guide, and test. The result showed that there is a significant improvement of English ability from the first cycle into second cycle. The criteria that have been used to test speaking ability were fluency, pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. The technique used in promoting Punden Cultural site is advertising technique through four steps: (1) drawing the tourism potential, (2) creating banners, posters, and slogans that contain the information about the Punden cultural site, (3) creating directions to reach the Punden cultural site, and (4) creating articles to be uploaded in the internet. Furthermore, the tourism potential of punden cultural site was also describe in this research.
Arthrophytum scopariumExtract Improves Memory Impairment and Affects Acetylcholinesterase Activity In Mice Brain
Authors: Smach Med A. , Hafsa Jawhar , Charfeddine Bassem , Dridi Hedi , Limem Khalifa , Jihene Ben A.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Arthrophytum scoparium (Pomel) Iljin (Amaranthaceae family) has been widely used in traditional Tunisian medicine to treat many disorders such as migraine, headache, and neurological disorders. This study investigates the effect of Arthrophytum scoparium Aqueous Extract (ASAE) on cognitive impairments and oxidative injury induced by galactose (10%) in a mouse model.

Materials and Methods:

The mice were divided randomly into 4 experimental groups, including the control group (saline water 9 ‰), Galactose group, Scop group (300 mg/kg/d), and Scop+Gal group (300 mg/kg/d). Mice received the corresponding solutions by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for 7 days before the Y-maze active tests. Galactose 10% was given to all groups except control and Scop groups, 30 min before the trial. Levels of Acetylcholinesterase Activity (AChE), Ascorbic Acid (AA), Gluthatione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in mice brains were examined.

Results:

Chronic administration of galactose significantly impaired cognitive performance in Y maze, caused marked oxidative damages and a significant increase in the acetylcholinesterase activity as compared to other groups. On the contrary, ASAE (300 mg/kg) treatment suppressed galactoseinduced oxidative damage by ameliorating the increased levels of GSH and AA. Moreover, ASAE treatment reduced brain AChE activities in the galactose-induced model.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that ASAE exerts potent anti-amnesic effects via the modulation of cholinergic and antioxidant activities. The observed pharmacological activities should be further evaluated by detailed experimental studies and validated by clinical trials.
Ameliorative Role of Green Tea and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Complex Against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: Hamza Reham Z. , Al-Salmi Fawziah A. , Laban Hebatullah , El-Shenawy Nahla S.
Published: December 2019

Background and Objective:

This study was designed to estimate the long-term effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles/green tea (ZnONPs/GTE) complex against monosodium glutamate (MSG). The antioxidant/oxidative status, testosterone levels, DNA damage, and histopathological changes of testis were evaluated.

Methods:

The rats were divided into eight groups that were treated as follows: saline, the lower dosage of MSG (6.0 mg/kg), the higher dosage of MSG (17.5 mg/Kg), GTE, ZnONPs, ZnONPs/GTE and the last two groups were treated with the lower dosage of MSG or the higher dosage of MSG with ZnONPs/GTE complex. The data showed minimal toxicity in testicular tissue after the administration of ZnONPs.

Results:

The MSG treatment in the adult male rats reduced testosterone levels and disrupted testicular histology, which revealed dose-dependence of MSG. Also, ZnONPs induced testicular dysfunction through the interference of antioxidant/oxidant balance and suppression of testosterone levels as well as induction of cellular damage of testis. The combination of ZnONPs with GTE complex significantly protects against MSG or ZnONPs toxicity by decreasing the DNA damage, oxidative stress, and enhancement of antioxidant as well as histological structure of testis.

Conclusion:

We could recommend using ZnONPs/GTE complex to reduce the toxicity of ZnONPs and MSG on the testis at the cellular and oxidative stress levels.
Old and New Approaches to Target the Hsp90 Chaperone
Authors: Sanchez Jackee , Carter Trever R. , Cohen Mark S. , Blagg Brian S.J.
Published: December 2019

The 90-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that ensures cellular proteostasis by maintaining the folding, stabilization, activation, and degradation of over 400 client proteins. Hsp90 is not only critical for routine protein maintenance in healthy cells, but also during states of cellular stress, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Due to its ability to affect phosphorylation of numerous client proteins, inhibition of Hsp90 has been an attractive anticancer approach since the early 1990’s, when researchers identified a druggable target on the amino terminus of Hsp90 for a variety of cancers. Since then, 17 Hsp90 inhibitors that target the chaperone’s Nterminal domain, have entered clinical trials. None, however, have been approved thus far by the FDA as a cancer monotherapy. In these trials, a major limitation observed with Hsp90 inhibition at the N-terminal domain was dose-limiting toxicities and relatively poor pharmacokinetic profiles. Despite this, preclinical and clinical research continues to show that Hsp90 inhibitors effectively target cancer cell death and decrease tumor progression supporting the rationale for the development of novel Hsp90 inhibitors. Here, we present an in-depth overview of the Hsp90 inhibitors used in clinical trials. Finally, we present current shifts in the field related to targeting the carboxy-terminal domain of Hsp90 as well as to the development of isoform-selective inhibitors as a means to bypass the pitfalls of current Hsp90 inhibitors and improve clinical trial outcomes.
Recent Advances on the Machine Learning Methods in Identifying Phage Virion Proteins
Authors: Yang Yingjuan , Fan Chunlong , Zhao Qi
Published: December 2019

In the field of bioinformatics, the prediction of phage virion proteins helps us understand the interaction between phage and its host cells and promotes the development of new antibacterial drugs. However, traditional experimental methods to identify phage virion proteins are expensive and inefficient, more researchers are working to develop new computational methods. In this review, we summarized the machine learning methods for predicting phage virion proteins during recent years, and briefly described their advantages and limitations. Finally, some research directions related to phage virion proteins are listed.
Pengaruh aplikasi color detector for blind on based android (coda) terhadap pengenalan warna bagi penyandang tunanetra di yogyakarta
Authors: Maslahah Sayidatul , Suharmini Tin
Published: December 2019

Abstrak: Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh Color Detector For Blind Based on Android (CODA) terhadap pengenalan warna bagi penyandang tunanetra kelas VIII di MTS LB A Yaketunis Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimen. Desain penelitian One Group Pre Test- Post Test Design. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistic deskriptif dan uji nonparametrik. Kemudian dianalisis dengan statistic deskriptif dan dilanjutkan uji nonparametrik tes Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang sangat signifikan aplikasi CODA terhadap pengenalan warna bagi penyandang tunanetra kelas VIII di MTs LB A Yaketunis Yogyakarta. Perolehan skor pre-test menunjukkan rata-rata skor sebesar 27,2 dengan presentase 45,3%. Skor post-test rata-rata sebesar 44,4 dengan prosentase 73,96% sehingga rata-rata skor perubahan kelima subjek sebesar 17,2 dengan presentase 28,66%. Hasil uji statistic nonparametric tes Wilcoxon memperoleh T hitung ≤ T table dengan harga T hitung 0 dan harga T table 0 dengan taraf signifikansi yang digunakan α =0,01 maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak.Kata kunci: Color Detector for Blind Based on Android (CODA) pengenalan Warna, Penyandang Tunanetra.Abstract: This study aimed to examine the influence of Color Detector For Blind Based on Android (CODA) towards blind people at 8th grade in MTS LB A Yaketunis Yogyakarta to identify colors. This research used quantitative approach. The method used is quasi experiment with One Group Pre Test- Post Test Design for its experiment design. The data of this research was analyzed by statistic descriptive analysis and non parametic experiment. Data result from statistic descriptive analysis displayed in a form of table and chart continued Wilcoxon test non parametic experiment. The result shows that Color Detector for Blind Based on Android (CODA) application has significant influence towards blind people at 8th grade in MTS LB A Yaketunis Yogyakarta to identify colors. The result of the pre-test score shows that the five participants on average get a score of 27.2 with a percentage of 45.3%. The post-test score of the five participants on average get a score of 44.4 with a percentage of 73.96%. Thus, the average score changing is 17.2 with a percentage of 28.66%. Wilcoxon test non parametic experiment shows T arithmetic ≤ T table with value T arithmetic 0 and price T table 0 with significance level used α = 0,01 then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected.Keywords: Color Detector for Blind Based on Android (CODA) colors identify, blind people.
Autonomous learning materials of structure and written expression for TOEFL preparation
Authors: Thu Aung Si
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to develop appropriate autonomous learning materials of structure and written expression of TOEFL preparation for autonomous learners for the Centre for Language and Development of Yogyakarta State University based on the learning needs and target needs of the autonomous learners. The research was an educational research and development (R&D) adapting ADDIE model (Branch, 2009). Two instruments (questionnaire and test) for needs analysis and two instruments for validation were used. The data from the needs analysis and the material validation were analyzed quantitatively through descriptive statistics. The research findings revealed that the autonomous learning materials were appropriate in terms of input, learning activities, layout, design and organization. The learners’ role is to learn the materials individually and teacher's role is to be a guide and cooperator. All of the learning activities include reading of explanations of forms and functions, doing practices for forms and functions, multiple choice, and doing reflection. Every unit has the following organizing unit title, instructions for learners, grammatical form and functions, activities of forms, functions, and TOEFL tests items, online activities for further learning, learning essentials, reflection, self-test (TOEFL) and answer keys.
Gender and politeness on Instagram
Authors: Sholikhatin Arini Dwi , Indah Rohmani Nur
Published: December 2019

This study is to identify the positive politeness of responses from male and female in responding to Bill Gates' caption on Instagram. It used a descriptive qualitative approach to explain the kind of positive politeness strategy applied. The data were in the form of positive utterances written by males and females in column comments in Bill Gates Instagram account analysed using Brown and Levinson’s theory of politeness. The data were collected on February, 2019, involving positive comments on Instagram. The results showed not all of the fifteen strategies of positive politeness appear. The strategy of noticing or attending to one’s interests and needs ranked the highest for the category of the most often appearing strategy used by males and females. The male’s comments tend to employ the strategy of joking about putting the hearer at ease and strategy of offering, promising.  Whereas, the dominant positive politeness strategy used by females are noticing, attending to the hearer’s interests, wants, needs, or goods.
Avaliação do rendimento na divulgação governamental:a experiência da Funai
Authors: Beltrão Luiz
Published: December 2019

Texto publicado na RSP, vol. 106, nº 2, de maio/ago. de 1971
O Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social e a nova agenda desenvolvimentista no Brasil
Authors: Santos Priscilla Ribeiro dos
Published: December 2019

No Brasil, inaugura-se um período de recuperação das capacidades de investimento do Estado e de ampliação de espaços institucionais para a participação social com a eleição do Presidente Lula em 2003. O Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (CDES) foi criado com o objetivo de debater as políticas desenvolvimentistas em diálogo com a sociedade civil. Por meio da análise documental, este artigo visa analisar em que medida o CDES contribuiu para a retomada da agenda desenvolvimentista nos últimos anos.Palavras-chave: sociedade civil, democracia, desenvolvimento socioeconômico, plano de desenvolvimento, políticas públicas
Rotatividade nos cargos de confiança da administração federal brasileira (1999-2013)
Authors: Lopez Felix , Bugarin Maurício , Bugarin Karina
Published: December 2019

Este texto apresenta e analisa dados sobre a ocupação e rotatividade dos cargos DAS da administração federal brasileira, de 1999 a 2013, em particular as diferenças observadas entre governos, entre áreas de políticas públicas e entre níveis hierárquicos. Para tanto, analisamos as informações de uma base original construída a partir de informações do sistema integrado de administração de recursos humanos da administração federal (Siape). Mostramos que: a) a rotatividade tem momentos de pico, que são os primeiros anos de governo dos presidentes, ao que se sucede uma tendência ao decréscimo nas taxas; b) os cargos mais altos na hierarquia sofrem maior rotatividade, o que contraria a noção préconcebida segundo a qual os cargos de menor hierarquia, por serem mais sujeitos à troca política e distribuição personalista, teriam rotatividade mais intensa; c) se observa maior rotatividade entre os ocupantes de cargos de DAS que não pertencem à carreira do serviço público. Por fim, mostramos haver; d) tendência de rotatividade menor em ministérios responsáveis pela política econômica do governo, se comparados aos ministérios responsáveis pelas políticas sociais. Palavras-chave: administração federal, burocracia, cargo em comissão, rotatividade
Pemikiran al-Irtifaqat Shah Waliullah Al-Dahlawi dalam membangun peradaban ekonomi umat Islam.
Authors: Azmi Muhammad Ulul , Syamsuri Syamsuri
Published: December 2019

One contribution in the concept of socio-economic or commonly referred to as al-Irtifaqat is Shah Waliullah al Dahlawi, a Delhi scholar born in the 18th century. According to him there are at least four concepts in the development of civil society, namely; (1) Beginning with the lives of primitive communities that are only oriented to meeting basic needs. (2) Humans rise to the level and start thinking about how to get a decent life. (3) The level of city life, and (4) the final stage is how humans reach the peak of civilization. Using qualitative methods and analyzed descriptively through a historical-normative-philosophical approach this article tries to describe Shah Waliullah al-Dahlawi's contribution in building the modern world civilization today, which in broadly outlines his ideas more on giving ideas about the concept of economic cooperation, taxation and responsibility state answer in the economy and so on.
Pengetahuan tentang Sukuk Tidak Mempengaruhi Masyarakat untuk Berinvestasi Sukuk
Authors: Bakhtiar Fayakhun
Published: December 2019

This study aims to find the relationship between the knowledge of society about islamic bonds (sukuk) with the interest of public investment to islamic bonds (sukuk). The research method used is descriptive correlation with cross sectional time approach done in Sleman regency. Sampling technique in this study using non probability sampling with consecutive sampling method. The number of samples is 90 respondents with data collection using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using chi-square. The result of research shows that there is no relationship between the knowledge of islamic bonds (sukuk) and the public interest to invest in islamic bonds (sukuk). Knowledge only has an effect of 14.3%.
Perbandingan Prokrastinasi Administrasi Guru dengan Menggunakan Teknik Critical Incident di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta
Authors: Mayasari Mayasari
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengkaji dan menganalisis prokrastinasi administrasi guru di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta, (2) Mengkaji dan menganalisis teknik critical incident yang digunakan di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta, (3) Menjelaskan dan medeskripsikan perbedaan prokrastinasi administrasi guru di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogkyakarta dan (4) Menganalisis perbedaan tingkat prokrastinasi administrasi guru dengan menggunakan teknik critical incident di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta. Jenis Penelitian yang ada dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian komparatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 50 guru dari SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta menggunakan Simple random sampling. Teknik analisa data yang penulis gunakan adalah analisis diskriptif, Uji T independent sampel dan statistik diskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan  angket, wawancara, angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil temuan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prokrastinasi akademik guru yang terjadi di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta ialah terjadi penundaan penyusunan RPP. Teknik critical incident yang digunakan di kedua sekolah tersebut cukup efektif mengurangi prokrastinasi administrasi dengan menggabungkan model esai dan model checklist. Tidak adanya perbedaan prokrastinasi administrasi guru di kedua sekolah dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,248, dan perbandingan tingkat prokrastinasi administrasi guru dengan menggunakan teknik critical incident di SMP Muhammadyah 1 dan SMP Muhammadiyah 2 menghasilkan tingkat prokrastinasi administrasi yang rendah.

Keyword: Prokrastinasi Administrasi, Guru, Teknik Critical Incident.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif STAD Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Dukuh 1 Sleman
Authors: Pranowo Eko , Ardiyaningrum Martalia
Published: December 2019

Learning mathematics in 4th grade of SD N Dukuh 1 Sleman still uses a coventional learning model and has not provided opportunities for students to develop problem solving skills. In addition, the achievement of minimum criteria in integer number operation is still not optimal. This study aims to 1) describe the application of STAD cooperative learning to integer concepts; and 2) describe the improvement of problem solving skills in 4th grade students of SD N Dukuh 1 Sleman, academic year of 2014/2015. The method used in this study is a classroom action research method by adopting the Kemmis Mc Taggart model. The subjects of this study were 17 students in 4th grade of SD N Dukuh 1 Sleman. The results of the research obtained showed that STAD cooperative learning in mathematics can improve the problem solving skills of 4th grade students of SD N Dukuh 1 Sleman. In cycle I, the percentage of students who had test scores on problem solving skills was more than 70 at 6%, while in cycle II the percentage obtained was 100%. Based on the percentage above, the problem solving skills of 4th grade students in SD N Dukuh 1 Sleman has increased. The average value test of the cycle I is 53.24 and the cycle II is 87.35. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that STAD cooperative learning can improve the problem solving skills of 4th grade students of SD N Dukuh 1 Sleman.
Keywords: learning model, cooperative, STAD, problem solving skills.
Acceptability and Use of Interactive Voice Response Mobile Phone Surveys for Noncommunicable Disease Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance in Rural Uganda: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ssemugabo Charles , Rutebemberwa Elizeus , Kajungu Dan , Pariyo George W , Hyder Adnan A , Gibson Dustin G
Published: December 2019

Background

There is need for more timely data to inform interventions that address the growing noncommunicable disease (NCD) epidemic. With a global increase in mobile phone ownership, mobile phone surveys can bridge this gap.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the acceptability and use of interactive voice response (IVR) surveys for surveillance of NCD behavioral risk factors in rural Uganda.

Methods

This qualitative study employed user group testing (UGT) with community members. The study was conducted at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (IM-HDSS) in Eastern Uganda. We conducted four UGTs which consisted of different categories of HDSS members: females living in urban areas, males living in urban areas, females living in rural areas, and males living in rural areas. Participants were individually sent an IVR survey, then were brought in for a group discussion using a semistructured guide. Data were analyzed thematically using directed content analysis.

Results

Participants perceived that IVR surveys may be useful in promoting confidentiality, saving costs, and raising awareness on NCD behavioral risk factors. Due to the clarity and delivery of questions in the local language, the IVR survey was perceived as easy to use. Community members suggested scheduling surveys on specific days and sending reminders as ways to improve their use for surveillance. Social issues such as domestic violence and perceptions toward unknown calls, technological factors including poor network connections and inability to use phones, and personal issues such as lack of access to phones and use of multiple networks were identified as barriers to the acceptability and use of mobile phone surveys. However, incentives were reported to motivate people to complete the survey.

Conclusions

Community members reflected on contextual and sociological implications of using mobile phones for surveillance of NCD behavioral risk factors. The opportunities and challenges that affect acceptability and use of IVR surveys should be considered in designing and implementing surveillance programs for NCD risk factors.