bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faraday Rotation Due to Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Cr-Doped (Bi,Sb)2Te3
Authors: Shuvaev Alexey , Pan Lei , Zhang Peng , Wang Kang L. , Pimenov Andrei
Published: February 2021

Quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) represents a quantized version of the classical anomalous Hall effect. In the latter case the magnetization takes over the role of magnetic field and induces nonzero off-diagonal elements in the conductivity matrix. In magnetic topological insulators with the band inversion the QAHE can be reached due to quantized conduction channel at the sample edge if the Fermi energy is tuned into the surface magnetic gap. In the static regime the QAHE is seen as a zero-field step in the Hall resistivity. At optical frequencies this step is transformed into a quantized value of the polarization rotation approaching the fine structure constant α=e2/2ε0hc≈1/137. However, due to material issues the steps reach the predicted values at millikelvin temperatures only. In this work we investigate the Faraday polarization rotation in thin films of Cr-doped topological insulator and in the sub-terahertz frequency range. Well defined polarization rotation steps can be observed in transmittance in Faraday geometry. At temperatures down to T=1.85 K the value of the rotation reached about 20% of the fine structure constant and disappeared completely for T>20 K.
Exhausted Capacity of Bicarbonate Buffer in Renal Failure Diagnosed Using Point of Care Analyzer
Authors: Gołębiowski Tomasz , Kusztal Mariusz , Konieczny Andrzej , Kuriata-Kordek Magdalena , Gawryś Ada , Augustyniak-Bartosik Hanna , Letachowicz Krzysztof , Zielińska Dorota , Wiśniewska Magdalena , Krajewska Magdalena
Published: February 2021

Background: Metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common complication. A bicarbonate concentration in venous blood (V-HCO3−) is a key index for diagnosis and treatment initiation. The aim of our study is to evaluate usability of acid–base balance parameters of in blood taken simultaneously from peripheral artery and the vein. Methods: A total of 49 patients (median age 66 years [interquartile range IQR 45–75]), with CKD stage G4 or G5 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All patients were qualified for arteriovenous fistula creation in pre-dialysis period. The samples were taken during surgery, directly after dissection, and evaluated in a point of care testing analyzer. The arteriovenous difference in bicarbonate levels (Δ-HCO3−) was calculated. According to glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) the group was divided into Group A eGFR ≥ 10 mL/min/1.73 m2) and Group B eGFR < 10 mL/min/1.73 m2). Results: In Group A Δ-HCO3− was significantly higher compared to Group B. No such differences were observed in the case of V-HCO3−. Δ-HCO3− positively correlated with eGFR. The discriminative power of Δ-HCO3− for predicting eGFR < 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.551–0.88; p = 0.01) which provided 67% sensitivity and 75% specificity. The best cut-off was 0.5 mmol/L. Conclusions: The Δ-HCO3− lower than 0.5 mmol/L may be used as predictor of exhaust buffer capacity. The value of this tool should be tested in larger population.
The Effect of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) on Attention and Memory Function in Stroke Rehabilitation Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hara Takatoshi , Shanmugalingam Aturan , McIntyre Amanda , Burhan Amer M.
Published: February 2021

Background: In recent years, the potential of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) for therapeutic effects on cognitive functions has been explored for populations with stroke. There are various NIBS methods depending on the stimulation site and stimulation parameters. However, there is no systematic NIBS review of post-stroke cognitive impairment with a focus on stimulation sites and stimulation parameters. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on effectiveness and safety of NIBS for cognitive impairment after a stroke to obtain new insights. This study was prospectively registered with the PROSPERO database of systematic reviews (CRD42020183298). Methods: All English articles from MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL were searched from inception up to 31 December 2020. Randomized and prospective controlled trials were included for the analysis. Studies with at least five individuals post-stroke, whereby at least five sessions of NIBS were provided and using standardized neuropsychological measurement of cognition, were included. We assessed the methodological quality of selected studies as described in the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scoring system. Results: A total of 10 studies met eligibility criteria. Six studies used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and four studies used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The pooled sample size was 221 and 196 individuals who received rTMS and tDCS respectively. Eight studies combined general rehabilitation, cognitive training, or additional therapy with NIBS. In rTMS studies, target symptoms included global cognition (n = 4), attention (n = 3), memory (n = 4), working memory (WM) (n = 3), and executive function (n = 2). Five studies selected the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DPLFC) as the stimulation target. One rTMS study selected the right DLPFC as the inhibitory stimulation target. Four of six studies showed significant improvement. In tDCS studies, target symptoms included global cognition (n = 2), attention (n = 4), memory (n = 2) and WM (n = 2). Three studies selected the frontal area as the stimulation target. All studies showed significant improvement. In the meta-analysis, rTMS showed a significant effect on attention, memory, WM and global cognition classified by neuropsychological tests. On the other hand, tDCS had no significant effect. Conclusions: In post-stroke patients with deficits in cognitive function, including attention, memory, and WM, NIBS shows promising positive effects. However, this effect is limited, suggesting that further studies are needed with more precision in stimulation sites and stimulation parameters. Future studies using advanced neurophysiological and neuroimaging tools to allow for a network-based approach to treat cognitive symptoms post-stroke with NIBS are warranted.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging of Multiple Myeloma in a Post-Treatment Setting
Authors: Ferrarazzo Giulia , Chiola Silvia , Capitanio Selene , Donegani Maria Isabella , Miceli Alberto , Raffa Stefano , Tagliafico Alberto Stefano , Morbelli Silvia , Bauckneht Matteo
Published: February 2021

2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) has an established clinical value in the diagnosis and initial staging of multiple myeloma (MM). In the last ten years, a vast body of literature has shown that this tool can also be of high relevance for monitoring therapy responses, making it the recommended imaging approach in this field. Starting from the strengths and weaknesses of radiological imaging in MM, the present review aims to analyze FDG PET/CT’s current clinical value focusing on therapy response assessment and objective interpretation criteria for therapy monitoring. Given the potential occurrence of patients with MM showing non-FDG-avid bone disease, new opportunities can be provided by non-FDG PET tracers. Accordingly, the potential role of non-FDG PET tracers in this setting has also been discussed.
Challenges and Experiences of Online Evaluation in Courses of Civil Engineering during the Lockdown Learning Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: García-Alberti Marcos , Suárez Fernando , Chiyón Isabel , Mosquera Feijoo Juan Carlos
Published: February 2021

As a consequence of the global health emergency in early 2020, universities had to tackle a sudden shift in their teaching–learning strategies so that the preset competences could be fulfilled. This study presents the learning outcomes of the implemented tasks, student experiences, and feedback, as well as some reflections from the instructors with a holistic perspective of the courses due to the adopted measures and adaptations. Six courses taught at civil engineering degrees of three universities, two from Spain and one from Peru, were analyzed. The teaching and evaluation strategies are described, and some reflections are made by comparing the student’s performance with the previous course. Though the shift to online learning had to be made from day to day, with no time for preparation, the experience has proved that online learning can be beneficial in some aspects and has probably come to stay, although some other aspects are difficult to replace with respect to face-to-face learning, especially students’ engagement and motivation. The significance of this study relies on a description of the challenges that arose due to the global public health and an assessment of the results of the implemented strategies to account for both teaching and evaluation in modules of civil engineering. After the acquired experience, new questions have arisen, e.g., what type of content is (and what is not) adequate or suitable for online exams? What features have come to stay? Has higher education taken a step forward to tomorrow’s education?
Parameters Evaluation in 3D Spare Parts Printing
Authors: Vujović Igor , Šoda Joško , Kuzmanić Ivica , Petković Miro
Published: February 2021

Future trends in maritime technology include the application of additive technology in spare parts management. Nowadays, 3D printing has become an integral technology in many fields. Maritime industry is one of the fields where 3D printing has become a focus of research. To prepare Electro-technical Officers (ETOs) for the future, it is necessary to investigate parameters which help with deciding whether to use additive technology or to order a spare part. This paper aims to research parameters influencing spare parts printing as a job carried out by ETOs aboard ships. Conclusions about the filament density and quality of the printed parts are derived and presented. Suggestions for future work and possible applications are given.
Three-Phase Multilevel Inverter Using Selective Harmonic Elimination with Marine Predator Algorithm
Authors: Riad Nancy , Anis Wagdy , Elkassas Ahmed , Hassan Abd El-Wahab
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the marine predator algorithm (MPA) is proposed for solving transcendental nonlinear equations in a selective harmonic elimination technique using a multilevel inverter (MLI). It proved its suitability and supremacy over the other selective harmonic (SHE) techniques used in recent research as it has good precision, high probability of convergence, and improving quality of output voltage. The optimum values of switching angles from MPA are applied to control a three-phase 11-level MLI using cascaded H-bridge (CHB) topology to control the fundamental component and cancel the low order harmonics for all values of modulation index from 0 to 1. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate the robustness and consistency of the technique through the MATLAB simulation platform. The results obtained from simulation show that the MPA algorithm is more efficient and accurate than other algorithms such as teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO), flower pollination algorithm (FPA), and hybrid particle swarm optimization with gray wolf optimization (PSOGWO). A prototype for a three-phase seven-level cascaded H-bridge inverter (7L-MLI-CHB) experimental setup is carried out. The output of this experimental test validated and supported the results obtained from the simulation analysis. The model of power loss of three-phase 7L-MLI-CHB using the silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is obtained according to the modulation technique. Conduction and switching losses are calculated based on the experimental manufacturer data from the Si-MOSFET using the thermal model of Piecewise Linear Electrical Circuit Simulation (PLECS). Losses and output power are measured at different modulation index values based on the MPA algorithm. Finally, a design of heatsink volume is presented for this design at different temperatures.
A Review on Electrospun PVC Nanofibers: Fabrication, Properties, and Application
Authors: Quoc Pham Le , Uspenskaya Mayya V. , Olekhnovich Roman O. , Olvera Bernal Rigel Antonio
Published: February 2021

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used polymer, not only in industry, but also in our daily life. PVC is a material that can be applied in many different fields, such as building and construction, health care, and electronics. In recent decades, the success of electrospinning technology to fabricate nanofibers has expanded the applicability of polymers. PVC nanofibers have been successfully manufactured by electrospinning. By changing the initial electrospinning parameters, it is possible to obtain PVC nanofibers with diameters ranging from a few hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. PVC nanofibers have many advantages, such as high porosity, high mechanical strength, large surface area, waterproof, and no toxicity. PVC nanofibers have been found to be very useful in many fields with a wide variety of applications such as air filtration systems, water treatment, oil spill treatment, batteries technology, protective clothing, corrosion resistance, and many others. This paper reviews the fabricating method, properties, applications, and prospects of PVC nanofibers.
Monitoring the Interaction between Thermally Induced Whey Protein and Anthocyanin by Fluorescence Quenching Spectroscopy
Authors: Ren Shuai , Giusti M. Monica
Published: February 2021

The color stability of anthocyanins was shown to improve with addition of whey proteins (WP). The goal of this study was to investigate the binding mechanisms of purple corn, grape and black carrot anthocyanin extracts to native and preheated WP (40–80 °C, 3.6 μM) at a pH of 3 using fluorescence quenching spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectra were collected with an excitation wavelength of 280 nm at 25 °C, 35 °C and 45 °C. The quenching data were analyzed by using the Stern–Volmer equation. The fluorescence intensity of WP decreased (up to 73%) and its λmax increased (by ~5 nm) with increasing anthocyanin concentration (0–100 μM). The quenching data showed that the interaction between anthocyanin extracts and WP was a static quenching process. Thermodynamic analysis showed their binding was mainly through hydrophobic interactions. Their binding affinity was higher for preheated WP than native WP and decreased gradually with increasing preheating temperature. Black carrot anthocyanin extract had the lowest binding affinity with WP, likely due to the larger molecular structure. These results help better understand the protection mechanism of native and preheated WP on anthocyanin color stability, expanding the application of anthocyanins as food colorants that better withstand processing and storage.
Effect of Electric Field Distribution on the Heating Uniformity of a Model Ready-to-Eat Meal in Microwave-Assisted Thermal Sterilization Using the FDTD Method
Authors: Hong Yoon-Ki , Stanley Roger , Tang Juming , Bui Lan , Ghandi Amir
Published: February 2021

Microwave assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) is a novel microwave technology currently used in the commercial production of ready-to-eat meals. It combines surface heating of high-temperature circulation water with internal microwave heating in cavities. The heating pattern inside the food packages in a MATS process depends heavily on the electric field distribution formed by microwaves from the top and bottom windows of the microwave heating cavities. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the electric field on 922 MHz microwave heating of ready-to-eat meals as they moved through the microwave chamber of a pilot-scale MATS system using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. A three-dimensional numerical simulation model was developed as a digital twin of the MATS process of food moving through the microwave chamber. The simulation showed that the electric field intensity of the MATS microwave cavity was greatest on the surface and side edge of the cavity and of the food. There was a strong similarity of the experimental heating pattern with that of the electric field distribution simulated by a computer model. The digital twin modeling approach can be used to design options for improving the heating uniformity and throughput of ready-to-eat meals in MATS industrial systems.
Comparing Gas and Electrical Stunning: Effects on Meat Quality of Pigs When Pre-Stunning Physical Activity Is Minimal
Authors: Terlouw E. M. Claudia , Deiss Véronique , Astruc Thierry
Published: February 2021

A total of thirty pigs were experimentally slaughtered using gas (80% CO2 in air, 90 s; 30% CO2/70% N2O; 90 s) or electrical stunning (1.3 A, 10 s). Stunning may accelerate post-mortem muscle metabolism, due to psychological stress and/or muscle contractions. The specific effects of the stunning method were studied by limiting pre-stunning physical activity and stress: pigs were driven in a trolley from the rearing to the stunning site (6.5 m) and immediately slaughtered. Bleeding efficiency and carcass characteristics were similar and satisfactory for all stunning methods. Early post-mortem pH decline in the Longissimus lumborum was faster following gas compared to electrical stunning. The pH of other muscles was not influenced; color and drip loss showed minor effects. Hence, results are in contrast to current beliefs: compared to electrical stunning, following gas stunning, the stress and muscle contractions during the induction of unconsciousness have a slightly greater impact on Longissimus lumborum muscle metabolism; differences are minor and limited to certain muscles only.
Impact of the Simulated Gastric Digestion Methodology on the In Vitro Intestinal Proteolysis and Lipolysis of Emulsion Gels
Authors: Mella Camila , Quilaqueo Michelle , Zúñiga Rommy N. , Troncoso Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

The aim of this work was to study the impact of the methodology of in vitro gastric digestion (i.e., in terms of motility exerted and presence of gastric emptying) and gel structure on the degree of intestinal proteolysis and lipolysis of emulsion gels stabilized by whey protein isolate. Emulsions were prepared at pH 4.0 and 7.0 using two homogenization pressures (500 and 1000 bar) and then the emulsions were gelled by heat treatment. These gels were characterized in terms of texture analysis, and then were subjected to one of the following gastric digestion methods: in vitro mechanical gastric system (IMGS) or in vitro gastric digestion in a stirred beaker (SBg). After gastric digestion, the samples were subjected to in vitro intestinal digestion in a stirred beaker (SBi). Hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness were significantly higher in gels at pH 7.0. The degree of proteolysis was higher in samples digested by IMGS–SBi (7–21%) than SBg–SBi (3–5%), regardless of the gel’s pH. For SBg–SBi, the degree of proteolysis was not affected by pH, but when operating the IMGS, higher hydrolysis values were obtained for gels at pH 7.0 (15–21%) than pH 4.0 (7–13%). Additionally, the percentage of free fatty acids (%FFA) released was reduced by 47.9% in samples digested in the IMGS–SBi. For the methodology SBg–SBi, the %FFA was not affected by the pH, but in the IMGS, higher values were obtained for gels at pH 4.0 (28–30%) than pH 7.0 (15–19%). Our findings demonstrate the importance of choosing representative methods to simulate food digestion in the human gastrointestinal tract and their subsequent impact on nutrient bioaccessibility.
Analytical Fragility Curves of Pile Foundations with Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI)
Authors: Forcellini Davide
Published: February 2021

Pile foundations is a well-studied technique with many applications and its benefits on structures have been widely studied in the literature. In particular, the mutual effects of pile flexibility and soil deformability may significantly modify the seismic behaviour of superstructures. In order to consider the uncertainties that are connected with these issues, the paper applies the probabilistic-based approach of fragility curves by proposing three limit states based on ductility factor. Non-linear dynamic analyses were performed with OpenSees PL to assess the potentialities of three pile configurations founded on three cohesionless soil with different deformability.
Barriers to Medical Tourism Development in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Authors: Bulatovic Iva , Iankova Katia
Published: February 2021

Medical tourism is a thriving industry. Many destinations now seek to attract more medical tourists. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is no exception. As one of the most important pillars of the UAE’s economy, tourism is considered a high priority. However, medical tourism in the UAE is still developing. This paper addresses the main challenges for medical tourism in the UAE and proposes methods to enhance its development. This research utilized qualitative analysis. Twelve professionals in medical tourism were interviewed to provide data. The data were then analyzed using NVivo 12 software. Our results indicate that the key barriers to medical tourism development in the UAE are high costs of medical tourism services, lack of marketing activities, lack of collaboration between medical and tourism service providers, and so forth. Although initiatives from the UAE government are very encouraging, more efficient medical care supply networks, tourism suppliers and intermediaries should be established to ensure its growth. This research could influence national tourism policies in the UAE as well as regional alliances in all Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy and Blood Serotonin Concentrations
Authors: Kimura Takeshi , Araki Takashi , Komuku Yuki , Iwami Hisashi , Gomi Fumi
Published: February 2021

Background: To investigate blood serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) concentrations and their relationships with selected characteristics in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods: This was a prospective study including 93 patients with active CSC. Blood concentrations of 5-HT, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol were measured in patients with CSC. Selected patient characteristics, including disease history (acute or chronic), medication use, smoking history, mood status, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), findings on fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and anatomical changes were evaluated during follow-up. Results: Eleven of the 93 patients had low 5-HT concentrations (<57 ng/mL) (12%, eight men and three women; mean age 55 years); we identified no significant relationship with acute/chronic disease status. The patients with low 5-HT were significantly more likely to have five or more fluorescein leakage sites (p = 0.0275), recurrence of subretinal fluids (p < 0.0001), and failure to achieve significant improvement in BCVA during follow-up (p = 0.862) than patients with 5-HT within the normal range. Conclusions: Blood serotonin concentrations may influence the pathophysiology and prognosis of CSC.
Differentiation of Basidiobolus spp. Isolates: RFLP of a Diagnostic PCR Amplicon Matches Sequence-Based Classification and Growth Temperature Preferences
Authors: Claussen Maike , Schmidt Stefan
Published: February 2021

The genus Basidiobolus, known since 1886, is primarily associated with reptiles and amphibians. Although globally distributed, rare infections caused by members of this genus mainly occur in tropical and subtropical regions. Morphological and physiological characteristics were used in the past for the description of species. However, some of these characteristics vary depending on culture conditions. Therefore, most species names are regarded as synonyms of B. ranarum as the only pathogenic species. Yet, not all environmental isolates are necessarily pathogenic. This study aimed to analyze if environmental Basidiobolus isolates can be distinguished reliably based on morpho-physiological and molecular characteristics. Eleven isolates originally obtained from feces of south African reptiles and one type strain, Basidiobolus microsporus DSM 3120, were examined morpho-physiologically. Sequence analysis of the 18S and partial 28S rRNA gene and restriction analysis of a diagnostic amplicon (restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP) were performed for all 12 strains. Based on the results obtained, morphological features and the 18S rRNA sequence proved insufficient for the reliable differentiation of isolates. However, isolates were distinguishable by growth temperature profiles, which matched isolate clusters established by partial 28S rRNA gene sequence and restriction analysis of a Basidiobolus specific diagnostic PCR amplicon. Our results indicate that RFLP analysis can be used as a fast screening method to identify Basidiobolus isolates with similar physiological characteristics.
Prognosis-Based Early Intervention Strategies to Resolve Exacerbation and Progressive Lung Function Decline in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Vij Neeraj
Published: February 2021

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by a mutation(s) in the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR), where progressive decline in lung function due to recurring exacerbations is a major cause of mortality. The initiation of chronic obstructive lung disease in CF involves inflammation and exacerbations, leading to mucus obstruction and lung function decline. Even though clinical management of CF lung disease has prolonged survival, exacerbation and age-related lung function decline remain a challenge for controlling the progressive lung disease. The key to the resolution of progressive lung disease is prognosis-based early therapeutic intervention; thus, the development of novel diagnostics and prognostic biomarkers for predicting exacerbation and lung function decline will allow optimal management of the lung disease. Hence, the development of real-time lung function diagnostics such as forced oscillation technique (FOT), impulse oscillometry system (IOS), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and novel prognosis-based intervention strategies for controlling the progression of chronic obstructive lung disease will fulfill a significant unmet need for CF patients. Early detection of CF lung inflammation and exacerbations with the timely resolution will not only prolong survival and reduce mortality but also improve quality of life while reducing significant health care costs due to recurring hospitalizations.
Air Passenger Travel and International Surveillance Data Predict Spatiotemporal Variation in Measles Importations to the United States
Authors: Poterek Marya L. , Kraemer Moritz U. G. , Watts Alexander , Khan Kamran , Perkins T. Alex
Published: February 2021

Measles incidence in the United States has grown dramatically, as vaccination rates are declining and transmission internationally is on the rise. Because imported cases are necessary drivers of outbreaks in non-endemic settings, predicting measles outbreaks in the US depends on predicting imported cases. To assess the predictability of imported measles cases, we performed a regression of imported measles cases in the US against an inflow variable that combines air travel data with international measles surveillance data. To understand the contribution of each data type to these predictions, we repeated the regression analysis with alternative versions of the inflow variable that replaced each data type with averaged values and with versions of the inflow variable that used modeled inputs. We assessed the performance of these regression models using correlation, coverage probability, and area under the curve statistics, including with resampling and cross-validation. Our regression model had good predictive ability with respect to the presence or absence of imported cases in a given state in a given year (area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.78) and the magnitude of imported cases (Pearson correlation = 0.84). By comparing alternative versions of the inflow variable averaging over different inputs, we found that both air travel data and international surveillance data contribute to the model’s ability to predict numbers of imported cases and individually contribute to its ability to predict the presence or absence of imported cases. Predicted sources of imported measles cases varied considerably across years and US states, depending on which countries had high measles activity in a given year. Our results emphasize the importance of the relationship between global connectedness and the spread of measles. This study provides a framework for predicting and understanding imported case dynamics that could inform future studies and outbreak prevention efforts.
First Candida auris Outbreak during a COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary-Care Center in Lebanon
Authors: Allaw Fatima , Kara Zahreddine Nada , Ibrahim Ahmad , Tannous Joseph , Taleb Hussein , Bizri Abdul Rahman , Dbaibo Ghassan , Kanj Souha S.
Published: February 2021

Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen considered as a global health threat. Recently there has been growing concern regarding drug resistance, difficulty in identification, as well as problems with eradication. Although outbreaks have been reported throughout the globe including from several Arab countries, there were no previous reports from Lebanon. We herein report the first cases of C. auris infection from the American University of Beirut Medical Center, a tertiary care center in Lebanon describing the clinical features of the affected patients in addition to the infection control investigation and applied interventions to control the outbreak. Fourteen patients with C. auris infection/colonization identified using MALDI-TOF and VITEK 2- Compact system were reported over a period of 13 weeks. Patients were admitted to four separate critical care units. All of them came through the emergency room and had comorbid conditions. Half of the patients were infected with COVID-19 prior to isolation of the C. auris. C. auris was isolated from blood (two isolates), urine (three isolates), respiratory tract (10 isolates) and skin (one isolate). All the patients had received broad spectrum antibiotics prior to isolation of C. auris. Six patients received antifungal treatment, while the remaining eight patients were considered colonized. Environmental cultures were taken from all four units and failed to isolate the organism from any cultured surfaces. A series of interventions were initiated by the Infection Prevention and Control team to contain the outbreak. Rapid detection and reporting of cases are essential to prevent further hospital transmission. A national standardized infection control registry needs to be established to identify widespread colonization.
The LOHAS (Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability) Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Choi Sooyeon , Feinberg Richard A.
Published: February 2021

LOHAS (Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability) describes an emerging lifestyle that is defined by attention to health, well-being, and environmental sustainability. Discussions of the LOHAS lifestyle have moved faster than any of the research to support it. Originally developed in South Korea, it has been picked up in the U.S. and other cultures worldwide. However, researchers have proceeded as if one scale fits all. The implications of LOHAS can only proceed if there is a reliable and valid measure for LOHAS and empirical evidence that the scale is effective for diverse groups. The current research focuses on the development of a psychometrically reliable and valid scale to measure the multi-dimensional nature of LOHAS. By following generally accepted scale development procedures, a LOHAS scale is created and tested for its reliability, dimensionality, construct, and nomological validity. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications are outlined.
Revisiting the Elusive Hepatitis C Vaccine
Authors: Todryk Stephen M. , Bassendine Margaret F. , Bridge Simon H.
Published: February 2021

The impactful discovery and subsequent characterisation of hepatitis C virus (HCV), an RNA virus of the flavivirus family, led to the awarding of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Harvey J [...]
COMPORTAMIENTO IN VITRO DE CALLOS DE Dendranthema sp. (ASTERA-CEAE) EN MEDIO BASAL MS MODIFICADO
Authors: López F Rodolfo , Urriago V Anayibe , Orozco R Diana E. , Manjarrés Ch Jorge L.
Published: February 2021

En la presente investigación se evaluó el desarrollo morfológico in vitro, de callos obtenidos a partir de segmentos nodales de plantas juveniles de Dendranthema sp., los cuales se dispusieron en medio basal MS modificado en sus macrosales y microsales, para determinar el medio basal MS modificado más adecuado para su crecimiento; se aplicaron seis tratamientos donde variaron las concentraciones de macrosales y microsales, a la mitad o al doble de ellas, en diferentes proporciones; los envases se sirvieron con 20 mL de medio de cultivo el cual estuvo suplementado con 1.0 mg/L de AIA y 3% de sacarosa; como agente gelificante se utilizó el producto comercial Culturegel a razón de 2.8 g/L de medio preparado. Los mejores resultados se alcanzaron con el tratamiento Mitad-Mitad de relación macrosales-microsales, mientras que el tratamiento Mitad-Doble mostró los menores índices de crecimiento morfológico de los callos.
PROCESOS EDUCATIVOS MEDIADOS POR PLATAFORMAS VIRTUALES EN LA METODOLOGÍA PRESENCIAL USANDO bLEARNING
Authors: Carmona Suarez Edgar Javier , Gallego Berrio Lina María
Published: February 2021

Este proyecto pretende determinar el impacto de los procesos educativos mediados por plataformas educa-tivas virtuales en algunos cursos de la metodología presencial, usando bLearning o aprendizaje mixto. Para este fin, se toma como base, analizar el estado de la educación virtual de la Universidad del Quindío.Inicialmente se hizo una caracterización de los estudiantes de la universidad, lo que permitió conocer su dis-posición hacia el eLearning, mediante el uso de la Plataforma educativa Moodle. Luego se realizó un estudio sobre la experticia de los profesores en el uso de las herramientas informáticas y las mediaciones tecnológicas como apoyo a la docencia; para ello se tomó una muestra aleatoria de 144 profesores de la cual se extrajo un grupo de experimentación con 18 profesores que orientaban 22 cursos de la universidad a los cuales asistie-ron 600 estudiantes. Esta información junto con los datos recolectados de las preferencias y la visión de los estudiantes proporcionó un panorama de la forma como se han desarrollado los procesos de virtualización en la Universidad. Finalmente, como producto de esta investigación se implementaron 22 cursos en Moodle, lo que permitió conocer las necesidades de formación y desarrollo de competencias en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje de los profesores y estudiantes. De igual manera se mostró que es posible fortalecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y de comunicación mediante la utilización del bLearning.
LA CONFIANZA , LOS VALORES Y EL CAPITAL SOCIAL EN JOVENES … Hacia una compresión de la trascendencia humana
Authors: Aguirre Aricapa Nhora Lucía
Published: February 2021

Los jóvenes se agrupan y se reúnen con base en objetivos concretos, cuando se trata de expresar solidaridad y presencia ante la vulneración de los derechos de los demás. Es allí donde se evidencia el capital social y sus posibilidades para contribuir a apuntalar proyectos y ayudar a la sociedad en su búsqueda de mayor equidad y justicia social. De ahí que Fukuyama en su libro, la gran ruptura(1999), plantea que “los valores éticos le abren paso al capital social”; ya que a partir de relaciones más profundas, éstas asociaciones generan ganancia no solo para una persona, sino para un grupo o una comunidad
Dynamic Response of Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Following Treatment of Acute Rejection in Kidney Allografts
Authors: Wolf-Doty Theresa K. , Mannon Roslyn B. , Poggio Emilio D. , Hinojosa Randall J. , Hiller David , Bromberg Jonathan S. , Brennan Daniel C.
Published: February 2021

Key Points

Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) changes dynamically after treatment for rejection.

dd-cfDNA allows for frequent assessments after episodes of rejection.

Persistently elevated dd-cfDNA levels could indicate incomplete recovery of rejection episodes.

Background

The quantification of rejection treatment efficacy has been insufficient using traditional markers due, in part, to the lagging response of serum creatinine and histologic alterations on biopsy specimens. Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is a molecular marker of injury that may assess allograft injury after rejection.

Methods

Retrospective review of the DART study identified 70 patients who had a clinically indicated biopsy, simultaneous dd-cfDNA measurement, and at least one follow-up dd-cfDNA within 3 months post-treatment. Thirty-five patients had no biopsy–proven rejection and no rejection treatment (NR), 16 patients had no biopsy–proven rejection but did receive rejection treatment (CR), 9 patients had diagnosis of ABMR/mixed rejection on biopsy and received rejection treatment (ABMR), and 10 patients had diagnosis of TCMR and received rejection treatment (TCMR). The CR, ABMR, and TCMR groups combined to form a rejection (R) group.

Results

In the R group, median dd-cfDNA values at baseline and 1 month were 0.62% and 0.35% (n=21 pairs, p=0.34), and at baseline and 2-3 months were 0.77% and 0.21% (n=23 pairs, p=0.002). In TCMR, median dd-cfDNA values at baseline and 1 month were 1.13% and 0.37% (n=5 pairs, p=0.63), and at baseline and 2-3 months were 0.25% and 0.12% (n=9 pairs, p=0.004). In ABMR, median dd-cfDNA values at baseline and 1 month were 1.61% and 1.2 % (n=6 pairs, p>0.99), and at baseline and 2-3 months were 3.85% and 1.32% (n=6 pairs, p=0.09). In CR, median dd-cfDNA values at baseline and 1 month were 0.31% and 0.29% (n=10 pairs, p=0.38), and at baseline and 2-3 months were 0.38% and 0.17% (n=8 pairs, p=0.31). Lastly, in NR, median dd-cfDNA values at baseline and 1 month were 0.23% and 0.18% (n=21 pairs, p=0.10), and at baseline and 2-3 months were 0.33% and 0.17% (n=26 pairs, p=0.003). Changes in serum creatinine across 1 month and 2-3 months following rejection were similar.

Conclusions

dd-cfDNA may be a useful dynamic biomarker to assess the health of the kidney allograft following rejection treatment.
Pengukuran Kinerja dengan Perspektif Keuangan dan Pelanggan (SK. Divisi HCM Grup Perusahaan Maritim Surabaya)
Authors: Dewi Murni Sari , Norromadani Yuniati R.A. , Akseptori Ristanti
Published: February 2021

Suatu perusahaan harus memiliki daya saing tinggi untuk bisa bertahan di suatu industri, kunci untuk menambah nilai daya saing perusahaan dengan melalui peningkatan kemampuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh karyawan. Permasalahan di perusahaan ini yaitu belum memiliki penilaian kinerja karyawan khususnya pada divisi HCM, kurang terstrukturnya administrasi, dan kurang terintegrasinya sistem presensi karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang pengukuran kinerja divisi HCM pada Grup Perusahaan Maritim di Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Human Resources Scorecard dengan melibatkan dua perspektif yaitu perspektif keuangan dan perspektif pelanggan, pengukuran pembobotan setiap perspektif menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process, pengukuran target dan realisasi kinerja perusahaan menggunakan Traffic Light System, serta rekomendasi perbaikan menggunakan usulan inisiatif strategis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan mengacu pada dua perspektif HRSC, terdapat lima ukuran kinerja yang dapat diterapkan perusahaan sebagai standar penilaian kinerja karyawan pada divisi HCM. Secara keseluruhan skor perspektif keuangan adalah 66,93 dan skor perspektif pelanggan adalah 11,98. Perspektif keuangan berkategori warna hijau, artinya kinerja telah mencapai target dan perspektif pelanggan berkategori warna kuning, artinya kinerja belum mencapai target. Perusahaan dapat menerapkan rekomendasi perbaikan berupa kebijakan dan inisiatif strategis untuk memperbaiki target kinerja yang belum tercapai.
Peran Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia "Sistem Rekrutmen, Seleksi, Kompetensi dan Pelatihan" Terhadap Keunggulan Kompetitif: Literature Review
Authors: Halisa Novia Nour
Published: February 2021

Globalisasi menimbulkan persaingan yang ketat di berbagai bidang. Agar dapat memenangkan persaingan, perusahaan mulai berlomba–lomba dan dituntut dalam mendapatkan sumber daya manusia yang berkompeten untuk dapat mendukung kemajuan usaha mereka serta dapat bersaing dengan perusahaan lain. Penelitian ini menganalisa pengaruh sistem rekrutmen, seleksi, kompetensi, dan training terhadap kinerja karyawan di perusahaan, mengingat pentingnya peran sumber daya manusia dalam keunggulan kompetitif perusahaan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah mengetahui sejauh mana perkembangan penelitian yang berhubungan dengan topik tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan eksploratif dengan mengulas isi atau mengidentifikasi beberapa artikel baik dari jurnal-jurnal nasional maupun internasional.  Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa baik secara simultan maupun parsial membuktikan bahwa sistem rekrutmen, seleksi, pelatihan, dan kompetensi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keunggulan kompetitif perusahaan. Sehingga  manajemen sumber daya manusia berperan penting dalam terwujudnya karyawan yang berkualitas dan mempunyai kinerja optimal.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Seleksi Rekrutmen Karyawan Dan Guru Berbasis Website Pada Sekolah Citra Bangsa Tangerang
Authors: Purwantih Haella , Fuji Zaenab , Amelia Windy , Dwi Rosmawati , Bilqis Hilshie Maulida
Published: February 2021

Sistem Seleksi Rekrutmen Karyawan dan Guru pada Sekolah Citra Bangsa Tangerang masih bersifat semi manual yaitu pelamar datang langsung ke Sekolah Citra Bangsa Tangerang atau mengirim surat lamaran melalui pos sehingga terjadi penumpukan berkas-berkas data pelamar serta rentan terhadap rusak dan hilangnya data. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem aplikasi berbasis website. Aplikasi ini  menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Kemudian metode perancangan menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML) diantaranya: Use Case diagram, Activity diagram, Sequence diagram, Class diagram. Sedangkan bahasa pemrogramannya adalah PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) dan Javascript. Untuk database menggunakan Mysql. Selanjutnya metode pengujian/testing menggunakan Black Box Testing. Diharapkan dengan aplikasi berbasis website ini dapat membantu memudahkan pekerjaan admin dan menghasilkan data yang akurat sehingga dapat  menunjang aktifitas Sekolah. Selain itu juga memudahkan masyarakat yang berminat melamar pekerjaan di Sekolah Citra Bangsa Tangerang.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Administrasi Rawat Jalan Pada Klinik Insan Permata Berbasis Web
Authors: Hazimah Miftah , Rizki Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Klinik adalah salah satu sarana pelayanan kesehatan yang banyak dicari dan dibutuhkan dalam menunjang peningkatan kesehatan. Dengan ini maka Klinik harus meningkatkan kualitas pelayanannya, termasuk kualitas pelayanan kesehatan yaitu pada administrasi rawat jalan. Pada Klinik Insan Permata sistem administrasi rawat jalan belum menggunakan sistem komputerisasi seluruhnya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini maka diupayakan dengan menggunakan komputerisasi pada pelayanan pasien di klinik. . Pembuatan sistem ini memerlukan observasi pada klinik untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan untuk membentuk sebuah sistem informasi. Data tersebut berupa atribut yang diperlukan dalam penyimpanan di database. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode pengumpulan data, analisis sistem, perancangan sistem, dan metode pengujian sistem. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode PIECES yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memecahkan permasalahan yang terjadi. Penulis menggunakan metode perancangan berorientasi objek menggunakan Visual Paradigm for UML untuk menggambarkan prosedur sistem yang berjalan maupun usulan prosedur, database yang digunakan adalah MySQL. Rancangan sistem menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, bootstrap front-end framework, sublime sebagai editor text. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini berupa sebuah sistem informasi administrasi rawat jalan berbasis web sehingga membuat data yang diolah lebih cepat dan pasien yang datang dapat ditangani dengan cepat.
Evaluasi Penerapan SIMDA Keuangan Pada Dinas Kepemudaan Olahraga Dan Pariwisata Kota Magelang
Authors: Muthoharoh Siti , Nugraheni Agustina Prativi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan sistem informasi manajemen daerah (SIMDA) keuangan pada Dinas Kepemudaan Olahraga dan Pariwisata kota magelang. Kemudian penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah strategis yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah dalam penerapan sistem informasi manajemen daerah (SIMDA) dengan mengambil studi kasus pada Dinas Kepemudaan Olahraga Dan Pariwisata Kota Magelang. Kegiatan pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan wawancara, menggunakan instrumen pendukung dalam bentuk e-formulir wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk kualitas sistem yang dihasilkan SIMDA secara keseluruhan sudah baik. Hasil yang diperoleh dari evaluasi penerapan SIMDA Keuangan pada Dinas Kepemudaan Olahraga dan Pariwisata Kota Magelang adalah dalam bentuk nilai persentase menggunakan perhitungan arikunto dengan hasil sebesar 68,52%. Lima kriteria kegunaan digunakan sebagai standar untuk menganalisis sejauh mana aplikasi SIMDA telah diterapkan, sehingga dapat diketahui apa kelemahan sistem dan dengan demikian dapat dilakukan perbaikan pada sistem. Keterbatasan penelitian yang peneliti dapatkan setelah melakukan penelitian ini adalah: Penelitian hanya memberikan informasi dan hasil yang sangat umum aja tentang evaluasi penerapan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Daerah (SIMDA) Keuangan oleh Dinas Kepemudaan Olahraga dan Pariisata Kota Magelang. Dan keterbatasan dalam waktu dan kemampuan peneliti, sehingga hasil penelitian terbatas pada kemampuan deskripsi.
Development of cost-effective and accurate allele-specific PCR for determination of M2/ANXA5 haplotype in recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Ang Kai-Cheen , Rozhdestvensky Timofey S. , Markoff Arseni , Bogdanova Nadja , Ch'ng Ewe Seng , Tang Thean-Hock
Published: February 2021

Repeated Pregnancy Loss (RPL) affects approximately 1 out of 20 pregnant women globally; it is traumatic for parents seeking parenthood with ensuing anxieties for the next pregnancy. M2/ANXA5 haplotype is a hereditary predisposition gene for thrombophilia-associated RPL; the association between M2/ANXA5 haplotype and RPL is further ascertained in a recent meta-analysis. Precision treatments have been proposed for RPL women with M2/ANXA5 haplotype. Therefore, screening for M2/ANXA5 haplotype is highly recommended as a panel of laboratory investigations for idiopathic RPL. To date, direct sequencing of PCR products is the most common method for the determination of M2/ANXA5 haplotype; this method is however tedious, expensive and time- consuming. Hereby, we demonstrate a simple and robust allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) that detects two inherent SNPs in a single tube, which could serve as a routine genotyping tool for M2/ANXA5 haplotype. This test is rapid, only taking maximum 4 working hours to complete the analysis. Validation of the assay by 105 clinical DNA samples yields 100% concordance rate with the DNA sequencing results.