bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UJI Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) UMBI BAWANG TIWAI (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) DAN UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT FRAKSI AKTIF
Authors: Lestari Dwi , Kartika Rudi , Marliana Eva
Published: April 2020

Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb come from the Iridaceae family, this species contains secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids and quinones. This research method includes Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) toxicity using Artemia salina Leach larvae to determine the LC50 value. This study used experimental methods pharmacologically using a completely randomized design in the same direction pattern in the selection of test animals, 25 animals used were white mice divided into 5 groups with 5 mice per group, with 4 hours observed to find out toxic symptoms and continued observation every 24 hours to see death. Testing of BSLT results showed that ethanol extract had LC50 toxicity = 66.68 ppm (very toxic category), n-hexane fraction had LC50 toxicity = 47.64 ppm (very toxic category), chloroform fraction had LC50 toxicity = 295.1 ppm ( toxic category), and the water fraction has a toxicity of LC50 = 194.54 ppm (very toxic category). The chloroform fraction is an active fraction. Acute toxicity test LD50 value according to the calculation method of Miller Tainter Probit (187,499 mg/KgBB), the method of calculation of Thompson Weil (182,810 mg/KgBB), how to calculate Indonesian Pharmacopoeia (187,068 mg/KgBB). Based on the three calculations, the LD50 value is in the medium category (50-500 mg/kgBB).
PENENTUAN NILAI SPF EKSTRAK DAN LOSIO TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Widyawati Erni , Ayuningtyas Nurista Dida , Pitarisa Agustina Putri
Published: April 2020

Excessive and prolonged sun exposure can cause erythema and sunburn, premature aging and skin cancer. Kersen leaves contain total flavonoids and phenolics which can be used as active ingredients for making sunscreen lotion. This study was to determine the SPF value, the value of erythema transmission (% Te) and the value of pigmentation Transmission (% Tp) from extracts and lotions of kersen ethanol extract using the Uv-Vis spectrophotometric method. Absorbance increases at wavelengths of 290-400 nm at intervals of 5 nm. The results showed SPF extract values ​​with a composition of 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 2000 ppm combined - 12 were 12.15 (maximum ability); 17,29 (ultra protection); and 22.01 (ultra protection). % Te value 0.54; 0.16 and 0.05 all include the total block category,% value Tp 2.50; 1.30 and 0.49 (total blocks). Whereas for losio with a concentration of 0.5%, 1% and 2% respectively the SPF value produced is 3.61 (minimum protection); 8.18 (maximum protection) and 10.13 (maximum protection). % Te value 4.29 (extra protection); 1.58 (extra protection) and 0.99 (maximum protection). % value Tp 9.30; 4.22 and 2.80 are all included in the total block category.

Keywords :  kersen leaves, sunscreen lotion, SPF, erythema transmission, pigmentation transmission
Conventional and Unconventional Participation in Latin America: A Hierarchical Latent Class Approach
Authors: Alvarez R. Michael , Katz Gabriel , Levin Ines , Nunez Lucas
Published: April 2020

Building on Alvarez et al. (2017), we implement a hierarchical latent class model to analyze political participation from a comparative perspective. Our methodology allows simultaneously: (i) estimating citizens’ propensity to engage in conventional and unconventional modes of participation; (ii) classifying individuals into underlying ``types'' capturing within- and cross-country variations in participation; and (iii) assessing how this classification varies with micro- and macro-level factors. We apply our model to Latin American survey data. We show that our method outperforms alternative approaches used to study participation and derive typologies of political engagement. Substantively, we find that the distribution of participatory types is similar throughout the continent, and that it correlates strongly with respondents’ socio-economic characteristics, ideological preferences and crime victimization.
BOST : BOOST YOUR GINGIVAL HEALTH IN A SINGLE DAY
Authors: Shetty Gaurav , Ghangrekar Kashmira , Mitra Dipika , Shah Rohit , Desai Ankit
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCTION: - BOST or Bone One Session Treatment, is a new treatment in tackling the problems of severe gingival disease. The treatment was pioneered by Dr. William Hoisington in the year 2005 for the non-invasive treatment of periodontal disease.

METHODOLOGY: - BOST is a one session treatment that treats periodontitis at the source of the infection - Periodontium. After any injury, the human body has the capacity of healing and repair. The treatment takes around four to five hours and requires no invasive surgery. It is fast, comfortable and almost certain to be successful.
The technique used in BOST is called the ‘stretch flap’ method.

CONCLUSION:- BOST is a novel technique that creates the right circumstances to allow the body to heal and regenerate itself.

Key Words: Periodontal therapy, BOST, Periodontitis, TIP
CLINICAL APPROACH AND MANAGEMENT OF ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME –Case Report
Authors: Jayachandran Sadaksharam , Jayaram Vidya , Kuduva Ramesh Shilpa Shree
Published: April 2020

Erythema Multiforme (EM) is a rare, autoimmune mucocutaneous disorder characterized by polymorphous oral presentation and target lesions in the skin. It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction, triggered by infections, drugs and rarely idiopathic. EM minor shows ulcerations involving a single mucosal site with typical skin target lesions. EM often reduces the quality of life and increases the morbidity due to difficulty in swallowing, speech and mouth opening. This case report highlights the management approach of EM minor in a 32-year-old male patient and its response to systemic steroids using sequential clinical photographs with 1-month follow up.

Keywords: Erythema Multiforme; minor; vesiculobullous; corticosteroids; idiopathic
SUCCESS RATE OF DENTAL IMPLANTS PLACED WITH PIEZOELECTRIC RIDGE SPLITTING - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
Authors: Shah Sanika S. , Jagtap Amit , Shetty Shwetha , Kachi Pooja
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:Dental implants are being widely used in the last few years. Success is high, in the presence of overall good ridge width, but it's difficult in narrow alveolar ridge.Thus, different methods have been employed like bone ridge splitting/expansion. Conventional methods are carried out with chisels, disks or rotary instruments. Piezosurgery has made it far more easier,safer and has reduced the complications. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate success of dental implants placed with piezoelectric ridge splitting. DATA SOURCES:Data was searched through the database, PubMed and Ebscohost published between1st January 2003 till 31st October 2019. Search strategy was developed using keywords related to dental implants placed after piezoelectric ridge splitting. RESULTS:427 articles were identified through electronic database. After duplicate removal,and full text reading,11 articles qualified for qualitative synthesis in this review. LIMITATIONS 1. As all the databases were not accessible, inclusion of the studies is small. 2. Unpublished data was not included in this review. Not all studies provided baseline and end scores hence they were excluded from the calculation of statistical and clinical significance. CONCLUSION:According to this review study, dental implants placed in a ridge split using piezoelectricity have a high success rate of above96.2% and thus can be successfully employed. KEYWORDS :dental implant, piezoelectric, bone splitting, split crest, ridge split, ultrasonic.
A Comprehensive Review of Evolutionary Algorithms for Multiprocessor DAG Scheduling
Authors: da Silva Eduardo C. , Gabriel Paulo H. R.
Published: April 2020

The multiprocessor task scheduling problem has received considerable attention over the last three decades. In this context, a wide range of studies focuses on the design of evolutionary algorithms. These papers deal with many topics, such as task characteristics, environmental heterogeneity, and optimization criteria. To classify the academic production in this research field, we present here a systematic literature review for the directed acyclic graph (DAG) scheduling, that is, when tasks are modeled through a directed acyclic graph. Based on the survey of 56 works, we provide a panorama about the last 30 years of research in this field. From the analyzes of the selected studies, we found a diversity of application domains and mapped their main contributions.
Iron Catalysts in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Dadashi-Silab Sajjad , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof
Published: April 2020

Catalysts are essential for mediating a controlled polymerization in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Copper-based catalysts are widely explored in ATRP and are highly efficient, leading to well-controlled polymerization of a variety of functional monomers. In addition to copper, iron-based complexes offer new opportunities in ATRP catalysis to develop environmentally friendly, less toxic, inexpensive, and abundant catalytic systems. Despite the high efficiency of iron catalysts in controlling polymerization of various monomers including methacrylates and styrene, ATRP of acrylate-based monomers by iron catalysts still remains a challenge. In this paper, we review the fundamentals and recent advances of iron-catalyzed ATRP focusing on development of ligands, catalyst design, and techniques used for iron catalysis in ATRP.
Optimization of the Production Factors of Boards Obtained from Arundo donax L. Fibers without Added Adhesives
Authors: Ramos Diego , Ferrando Francesc , Farriol Xavier , Salvadó Joan
Published: April 2020

The main objective of this work was to further analyze the optimization of the production factors of Arundo donax L. fiberboards obtained without adhesives. The production of boards derived from Arundo donax L. without added adhesives and with high mechanical performance has already been demonstrated. This present study explored a modification in the production process through a final curing thermal treatment (final heat treatment, FHT). Since pressing time is an influential factor in the production cost, it is expected that curing allows a reduction of this time. This study compared the results obtained by three panel-production alternatives: long pressing time (tp) without curing and long and short tp with FHT. Of the two factors analyzed, pressing pressure (Pp) was the most important production factor in both the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR), while curing was the most important factor for the internal bond (IB). The study shows that a FHT facilitates the distribution of lignin and a possible improvement in the quantity and quality of bonds between lignin and cellulosic fibers. As a consequence, it improves the IB, produces boards with more homogeneous physical and mechanical properties and thereby makes them more hydrophobic. The curing thermal treatment allows high performance panels to be obtained in a manner which is more ecological, quicker, and cheaper.
Theoretical and Computational Insight into Solvent and Specific Ion Effects for Polyelectrolytes: The Importance of Local Molecular Interactions
Authors: Smiatek Jens
Published: April 2020

Polyelectrolytes in solution show a broad plethora of interesting effects. In this short review article, we focus on recent theoretical and computational findings regarding specific ion and solvent effects and their impact on the polyelectrolyte behavior. In contrast to standard mean field descriptions, the properties of polyelectrolytes are significantly influenced by crucial interactions with the solvent, co-solvent and ion species. The corresponding experimental and simulation results reveal a significant deviation from theoretical predictions, which also highlights the importance of charge transfer, dispersion and polarization interactions in combination with solvation mechanisms. We discuss recent theoretical and computational findings in addition to novel approaches which help broaden the applicability of simple mean field theories.
Fluorimetric Method for the Determination of Histidine in Random Human Urine Based on Zone Fluidics
Authors: Alevridis Antonios , Tsiasioti Apostolia , Zacharis Constantinos K. , Tzanavaras Paraskevas D.
Published: April 2020

In the present study, the determination of histidine (HIS) by an on-line flow method based on the concept of zone fluidics is reported. HIS reacts fast with o-phthalaldehyde at a mildly basic medium (pH 7.5) and in the absence of additional nucleophilic compounds to yield a highly fluorescent derivative (λex/λem = 360/440 nm). The flow procedure was optimized and validated, paying special attention to its selectivity and sensitivity. The LOD was 31 nmol·L−1, while the within-day and day-to-day precisions were better than 1.0% and 5.0%, respectively (n = 6). Random urine samples from adult volunteers (n = 7) were successfully analyzed without matrix effect (<1%). Endogenous HIS content ranged between 116 and 1527 μmol·L−1 with percentage recoveries in the range of 87.6%–95.4%.
Phenacylation of 6-Methyl-Beta-Nitropyridin-2-Ones and Further Heterocyclization of Products
Authors: Babaev Eugene V. , Rybakov Victor B.
Published: April 2020

Reaction between the derivatives of 6-methyl-beta-nitropyridin-2-one and phenacyl bromides was studied, and the yields observed were extremely low. The pyridones were converted via chloropyridines to methoxyderivatives, which were N-phenacylated. N-Phenacyl derivatives of 4,6-dimethyl-5-nitropyridin-2-one under the action of base gave 5-hydroxy-8-nitroindolizine and under acidic conditions gave 5-methyl-6-nitrooxazole[3,2-a]pyridinium salt, which underwent recycization with MeONa to 5-methoxy-8-nitroindolizine.
Determination of d-Cycloserine Impurities in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Comparison of the International Pharmacopoeia HPLC–UV Method and the DOSY NMR Method
Authors: Makuc Damjan , Švab Živa , Naumoska Katerina , Plavec Janez , Časar Zdenko
Published: April 2020

d-cycloserine is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is currently being used as a secondary choice in the treatment of tuberculosis. In recent years, it has become more popular, due to its effect on the nervous system. In this current study, we provide evidence that The International Pharmacopoeia HPLC–UV method for d-cycloserine impurity profiling is not repeatable due to the variable response of cycloserine dimer, one of d-cycloserine impurities. Therefore, we introduced the DOSY (diffusion ordered spectroscopy) NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) technique to determine the levels of d-cycloserine impurities in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The DOSY NMR technique allowed separation of d-cycloserine, its degradation products, and key process impurities in concentrations below pharmacopoeial specification limits. The proposed DOSY NMR method allowed accurate identification and quantification of the cycloserine dimer, which was not possible through the use of the pharmacopoeial HPLC method. The current method has the potential for practical use in analytical laboratories of the pharmaceutical industry.
Aerogels from Cellulose Phosphates of Low Degree of Substitution: A TBAF·H2O/DMSO Based Approach
Authors: Schimper Christian B. , Pachschwoell Paul S. , Hettegger Hubert , Neouze Marie-Alexandra , Nedelec Jean-Marie , Wendland Martin , Rosenau Thomas , Liebner Falk
Published: April 2020

Biopolymer aerogels of appropriate open-porous morphology, nanotopology, surface chemistry, and mechanical properties can be promising cell scaffolding materials. Here, we report a facile approach towards the preparation of cellulose phosphate aerogels from two types of cellulosic source materials. Since high degrees of phosphorylation would afford water-soluble products inappropriate for cell scaffolding, products of low DSP (ca. 0.2) were prepared by a heterogeneous approach. Aiming at both i) full preservation of chemical integrity of cellulose during dissolution and ii) utilization of specific phase separation mechanisms upon coagulation of cellulose, TBAF·H2O/DMSO was employed as a non-derivatizing solvent. Sequential dissolution of cellulose phosphates, casting, coagulation, solvent exchange, and scCO2 drying afforded lightweight, nano-porous aerogels. Compared to their non-derivatized counterparts, cellulose phosphate aerogels are less sensitive towards shrinking during solvent exchange. This is presumably due to electrostatic repulsion and translates into faster scCO2 drying. The low DSP values have no negative impact on pore size distribution, specific surface (SBET ≤ 310 m2 g−1), porosity (Π 95.5–97 vol.%), or stiffness (Eρ ≤ 211 MPa cm3 g−1). Considering the sterilization capabilities of scCO2, existing templating opportunities to afford dual-porous scaffolds and the good hemocompatibility of phosphorylated cellulose, TBAF·H2O/DMSO can be regarded a promising solvent system for the manufacture of cell scaffolding materials.
Human Serum Albumin Labelled with Sterically-Hindered Nitroxides as Potential MRI Contrast Agents
Authors: Dobrynin Sergey , Kutseikin Sergei , Morozov Denis , Krumkacheva Olesya , Spitsyna Anna , Gatilov Yurii , Silnikov Vladimir , Angelovski Goran , Bowman Michael K. , Kirilyuk Igor , Chubarov Alexey
Published: April 2020

Four albumin-nitroxide conjugates were prepared and tested as metal-free organic radical contrast agents (ORCAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Each human serum albumin (HSA) carrier bears multiple nitroxides conjugated via homocysteine thiolactones. These molecular conjugates retain important physical and biological properties of their HSA component, and the resistance of their nitroxide groups to bioreduction was retained or enhanced. The relaxivities are similar for these four conjugates and are much greater than those of their individual components: the HSA or the small nitroxide molecules. This new family of conjugates has excellent prospects for optimization as ORCAs.
Bioassay-Guided Isolation, Metabolic Profiling, and Docking Studies of Hyaluronidase Inhibitors from Ravenala madagascariensis
Authors: M. Mohamed Esraa , H. Hetta Mona , Rateb Mostafa E. , A. Selim Mohamed , M. AboulMagd Asmaa , A. Badria Farid , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan , Alhadrami Hani A. , M. Hassan Hossam
Published: April 2020

Hyaluronidase enzyme (HAase) has a role in the dissolution or disintegration of hyaluronic acid (HA) and in maintaining the heathy state of skin. Bioassay-guided fractionation of Ravenala madagascariensis (Sonn.) organ extracts (leaf, flower, stem, and root) testing for hyaluronidase inhibition was performed followed by metabolic profiling using LC–HRMS. Additionally, a hyaluronidase docking study was achieved using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE). Results showed that the crude hydroalcoholic (70% EtOH) extract of the leaves as well as its n-butanol (n-BuOH) partition showed higher HAase activity with 64.3% inhibition. Metabolic analysis of R. madagascariensis resulted in the identification of 19 phenolic compounds ranging from different chemical classes (flavone glycosides, flavonol glycosides, and flavanol aglycones). Bioassay-guided purification of the leaf n-BuOH partition led to the isolation of seven compounds that were identified as narcissin, rutin, epiafzelechin, epicatechin, isorhamnetin 7-O-glucoside, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin-7-O-rutinoside. The docking study showed that narcissin, rutin, and quercetin 3-O-glucoside all interact with HAase through hydrogen bonding with the Asp111, Gln271, and/or Glu113 residues. Our results highlight Ravenala madagascariensis and its flavonoids as promising hyaluronidase inhibitors in natural cosmetology preparations for skin care.
Synergistic Neuroprotective Effect of Endogenously-Produced Hydroxytyrosol and Synaptic Vesicle Proteins on Pheochromocytoma Cell Line against Salsolinol
Authors: Manzoor Robina , Rasool Aamir , Ahmed Maqbool , Kaleem Ullah , Duru Lucienne Nneoma , Ma Hong , Deng Yulin
Published: April 2020

Oxidative stress triggers a lethal cascade, leading to Parkinson’s disease by causing degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. In this study, eight antioxidants were screened for their neuroprotective effect on PC12 cells (pheochromocytoma cell line) under oxidative stress induced by salsolinol (OSibS). Hydroxytyrosol was found to be the strongest neuroprotective agent; it improved viability of PC12 cells by up to 81.69% under OSibS. Afterward, two synaptic vesicle proteins, synapsin-1 and septin-5, were screened for their neuroprotective role; the overexpression of synapsin-1 and the downregulation of septin-5 separately improved the viability of PC12 cells by up to 71.17% and 67.00%, respectively, compared to PC12 cells only treated with salsolinol (PoTwS) under OSibS. Subsequently, the PC12+syn++sep− cell line was constructed and pretreated with 100 µM hydroxytyrosol, which improved its cell viability by up to 99.03% and led to 14.71- and 6.37-fold reductions in the levels of MDA and H2O2, respectively, and 6.8-, 12.97-, 10.57-, and 7.57-fold increases in the activity of catalase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, respectively, compared to PoTwS under OSibS. Finally, alcohol dehydrogenase-6 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was expressed in PC12+syn++sep− cells to convert 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (an endogenous neurotoxin) into hydroxytyrosol. The PC12+syn++sep−+ADH6+ cell line also led to 22.38- and 12.33-fold decreases in the production of MDA and H2O2, respectively, and 7.15-, 13.93-, 12.08-, and 8.11-fold improvements in the activity of catalase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, respectively, compared to PoTwS under OSibS. Herein, we report the endogenous production of a powerful antioxidant, hydroxytyrosol, from 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, and evaluate its synergistic neuroprotective effect, along with synapsin-1 and septin-5, on PC12 cells under OSibS.
Effects of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and Solvent on the Phenolic Profile, Bacterial Growth, and Anti-Inflammatory/Antioxidant Activities of Mediterranean Olive and Fig Leaves Extracts
Authors: Alcántara Cristina , Žugčić Tihana , Abdelkebir Radhia , García-Pérez Jose V. , Jambrak Anet Režek , Lorenzo José M. , Collado María Carmen , Granato Daniel , Barba Francisco J.
Published: April 2020

Mediterranean plants, such as fig and olive leaves, are well-known to exert beneficial effects in humans because of the presence of a wide range of bioactive compounds. However, scarce information regarding the impact of extraction methods, such as ultrasound and types of solvents, on their profile of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds is provided. In addition, no information is available on the effects of extraction methods and solvents on the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria or promoting probiotic growth. In this scenario, this study was aimed to study the effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and solvent on the phenolic profile (Triple TOF-LC-MS/MS), antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds of olive and fig leaves. Results showed that UAE extracted more carotenoids compared to conventional extraction, while the conventional extraction impacted on higher flavonoids (olive leaves) and total phenolics (fig leaves). The antioxidant capacity of aqueous extract of fig leaves was three times higher than the extract obtained with ethanol for conventional extraction and four times higher for UAE. In general terms, hydroethanolic extracts presented the highest bacterial growth inhibition, and showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity. In conclusion, these side streams can be used as sources of bioactive compounds for further development of high-added-value products.
Lamalbid, Chlorogenic Acid, and Verbascoside as Tools for Standardization of Lamium album Flowers—Development and Validation of HPLC–DAD Method
Authors: Czerwińska Monika E. , Kalinowska Eleonora , Popowski Dominik , Bazylko Agnieszka
Published: April 2020

Preparations from the flowers or herb of the white dead nettle (Lamium album L.) are recommended for the treatment of upper respiratory tract disorders or as a topical medication for mild inflammation of the throat, mouth, and skin. Taking into consideration the significance of L. album in traditional medicines across Europe, as well as the lack of studies describing the quantities of their most abundant constituents, we aimed to design a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection (HPLC–DAD) method for potential standardization procedures of extracts from flowers of L. album. The HPLC–DAD method was developed and validated for quantification of iridoids (lamalbid), phenolic acids/depsides (chlorogenic acid), phenylpropanoids (verbascoside), and flavonoids (rutin; quercetin malonylhexoside; tiliroside) in aqueous and ethanolic-aqueous extracts of Lamii albi flos. The method was specific, accurate, and precise. Lamalbid was the most abundant compound both in aqueous (39.09 ± 1.02 m/g dry weight) and ethanolic-aqueous (26.66 ± 0.64 m/g dry weight) extracts. The quantities of selected compounds, except for chlorogenic acid and tiliroside, were higher in the aqueous extract than in the ethanolic-aqueous one. In conclusion, the method developed allowed for quantitation of compounds from different classes. In particular, chlorogenic acid and verbascoside have been proposed as reference compounds for routine quantitative control of Lamii albi flos.
2-Methyloxolane as a Bio-Based Solvent for Green Extraction of Aromas from Hops (Humulus lupulus L.)
Authors: Rapinel Vincent , Chemat Aziadé , Santerre Cyrille , Belay Justine , Hanaei Farnaz , Vallet Nadine , Jacques Laurence , Fabiano-Tixier Anne-Sylvie
Published: April 2020

The potential of using the bio-based solvent 2-methyloxolane, also known as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran or 2-MeTHF, as an alternative to petroleum solvents such as hexane, was investigated for the extraction of volatile compounds from hop cones (Humulus lupulus L.). Lab scale extractions were coupled with in silico prediction of solutes solubility to assess the technical potential of this bio-based solvent. The predictive approach was performed using the simulation software COSMO-RS (conductor like screening model for real solvants) and showed that the 2-methyloxolane is as good as or better than hexane to solubilize the majority of aromas from hop cones. The experimental results indicated that the highest aroma yield was obtained with 2-methyloxolane with 20.2% while n-hexane was only able to extract 17.9%. The characterization of aromas extracted by the two solvents showed a similar composition, where lupulone was the main component followed by humulone. No selectivity of the solvents was observed for any of the major analytes. Finally, a sensory analysis was performed on the extracts, showing that both concretes using 2-methyloxolane and hexane have similar olfactory profiles. The results indicate that 2-methyloxolane could be a promising bio-based extraction solvent for hexane substitution.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Sesquiterpenoids from Aerial Parts of Anvillea garcinii
Authors: Perveen Shagufta , Alqahtani Jawaher , Orfali Raha , Aati Hanan Y. , Al-Taweel Areej M. , Ibrahim Taghreed A. , Khan Afsar , Yusufoglu Hasan S. , Abdel-Kader Maged S. , Taglialatela-Scafati Orazio
Published: April 2020

Two new sesquiterpenoids belonging to the guaiane, 4α,9α,10α-trihydroxyguaia-11(13)en-12,6α-olide (1), and germacrane, 9β-hydroxyparthenolide-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), classes have been isolated from the leaves of the Saudi medicinal plant Anvillea garcinii along with seven known compounds (3–9). The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS). The antimicrobial properties of 1–9 were screened against seven different pathogenic microbes, and compounds 1–3 showed a potent antifungal activity.
Enhancing the Membranolytic Activity of Chenopodium quinoa Saponins by Fast Microwave Hydrolysis
Authors: Colson Emmanuel , Savarino Philippe , J.S. Claereboudt Emily , Cabrera-Barjas Gustavo , Deleu Magali , Lins Laurence , Eeckhaut Igor , Flammang Patrick , Gerbaux Pascal
Published: April 2020

Saponins are plant secondary metabolites. There are associated with defensive roles due to their cytotoxicity and are active against microorganisms. Saponins are frequently targeted to develop efficient drugs. Plant biomass containing saponins deserves sustained interest to develop high-added value applications. A key issue when considering the use of saponins for human healthcare is their toxicity that must be modulated before envisaging any biomedical application. This can only go through understanding the saponin-membrane interactions. Quinoa is abundantly consumed worldwide, but the quinoa husk is discarded due to its astringent taste associated with its saponin content. Here, we focus on the saponins of the quinoa husk extract (QE). We qualitatively and quantitively characterized the QE saponins using mass spectrometry. They are bidesmosidic molecules, with two oligosaccharidic chains appended on the aglycone with two different linkages; a glycosidic bond and an ester function. The latter can be hydrolyzed to prepare monodesmosidic molecules. The microwave-assisted hydrolysis reaction was optimized to produce monodesmosidic saponins. The membranolytic activity of the saponins was assayed based on their hemolytic activity that was shown to be drastically increased upon hydrolysis. In silico investigations confirmed that the monodesmosidic saponins interact preferentially with a model phospholipid bilayer, explaining the measured increased hemolytic activity.
Analysis of Student Academic Performance Using Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Sinche Soraya , Hidalgo Pablo , Fernandes José , Raposo Duarte , Silva Jorge , Rodrigues André , Armando Ngombo , Boavida Fernando
Published: April 2020

Is it possible to analyze student academic performance using Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems (HiLCPS) and offering personalized learning methodologies? Taking advantage of the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile phone sensors, this article presents a system that can be used to adapt pedagogical methodologies and to improve academic performance. Thus, in this domain, the present work shows a system capable of analyzing student behavior and the correlation with their academic performance. Our system is composed of an IoT application named ISABELA and a set of open-source technologies provided by the FIWARE Project. The analysis of student performance was done through the collection of data, during 30 days, from a group of Ecuadorian university students at “Escuela Politécnica Nacional” in Quito, Ecuador. Data gathering was carried out during the first period of classes using the students’ smartphones. In this analysis, we found a significant correlation between the students’ lifestyle and their academic performance according to certain parameters, such as the time spent on the university campus, the students’ sociability, and physical activity, etc.
Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Food
Authors: Medana Claudio
Published: April 2020

Food chemical analysis is recognized as a unique tool for the characterization of nutritional value, quality and safety of foods and feeds [...]
Folding of Tubular Waterbomb
Authors: Ma Jiayao , Feng Huijuan , Chen Yan , Hou Degao , You Zhong
Published: April 2020

Origami has recently emerged as a promising building block of mechanical metamaterials because it offers a purely geometric design approach independent of scale and constituent material. The folding mechanics of origami-inspired metamaterials, i.e., whether the deformation involves only rotation of crease lines (rigid origami) or both crease rotation and facet distortion (nonrigid origami), is critical for fine-tuning their mechanical properties yet very difficult to determine for origami patterns with complex behaviors. Here, we characterize the folding of tubular waterbomb using a combined kinematic and structural analysis. We for the first time uncover that a waterbomb tube can undergo a mixed mode involving both rigid origami motion and nonrigid structural deformation, and the transition between them can lead to a substantial change in the stiffness. Furthermore, we derive theoretically the range of geometric parameters for the transition to occur, which paves the road to program the mechanical properties of the waterbomb pattern. We expect that such analysis and design approach will be applicable to more general origami patterns to create innovative programmable metamaterials, serving for a wide range of applications including aerospace systems, soft robotics, morphing structures, and medical devices.
An assessment of violent imagery in advertisements on city buses in Manhattan, New York City
Authors: Basch Corey H. , Mohlman Jan , Basch Charles E.
Published: April 2020

Background: Violence or violent imagery, defined as any image that conveys an imminent physical or existential threat to person(s), property, or society, with or without weaponry, is often featured in advertising. However, the effects of exposure (sporadic or chronic) to such imagery are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and types of violence portrayed in advertising on public buses in New York City (NYC). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from April to July 2019, researchers catalogued and coded the print advertising images present on the passenger entry side of all Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) bus lines in Manhattan to determine whether images of violence or violent acts were present. Unlike images of alcohol and tobacco products (banned from MTA property in 2017 and 1992, respectively), there are no similar restrictions on violence or violent imagery. Results: A total of 23 out of 136 (17%) observed advertisements included images of violence and/or actual or imminent violent acts. One hundred percent of images involving violence were embedded in advertisements for mass media/entertainment purposes often featuring well known and favorably regarded actors and entertainment personalities or companies. Conclusion: People of all ages and backgrounds are passively exposed to bus advertisements in a variety of settings. This study contributes to the literature regarding the extent to which the public is passively exposed to violent advertising. Additional study is required to further understand the link between violent imagery and attitudes toward/tolerance of violence.
DATA MINING ON INFORMATION SYSTEM USING FUZZY ROUGH SET THEORY
Authors: Hiền Phùng Thị Thu
Published: April 2020

Ngày nay với sự phát triển mạnh mẽ các ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin và Internet vào nhiều lĩnh vực, đã tạo ra nhiều cơ sở dữ liệu khổng lồ. Số lượng các bản ghi cũng như kích thước từng bản ghi được thu thập rất nhanh và lớn gây khó khăn trong việc lưu trữ và xử lý thông tin. Để khai thác hiệu quả nguồn thông tin từ các cơ sở dữ liệu lớn ngày càng trở thành vấn đề cấp thiết và đóng vai trò chủ đạo trong việc giải quyết các bài toán thực tế. Bên cạnh các phương pháp khai thác thông tin truyền thống, các nhà nghiên cứu đã phát triển các phương pháp rút gọn thuộc tính nhằm giảm kích cỡ của không gian dữ liệu, loại bỏ những thuộc tính không liên quan. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi giới thiệu một số phương pháp rút gọn thuộc tính theo tiếp cận tập thô mờ, nghĩa là lý thuyết tập thô kết hợp với lý thuyết tập mờ. Đồng thời, tác giả xây dựng công cụ độ đo và bảng ngẫu nhiên tổng quát hóa để tìm tập xấp xỉ trong hệ thông tin đa trị.
NEW RESULTS ON FINITE-TIME STABILITY FOR NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL ORDER LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS WITH TIME VARYING DELAY AND INTERCONNECTIONS
Authors: Anh Phạm Ngọc , Thanh Nguyễn Trường , Tùng Hoàng Ngọc
Published: April 2020

Bài báo này khảo sát tính ổn định hữu hạn của một lớp hệ quy mô lớn cấp phân số có trễ biến thiên và nhiễu phi tuyến. Sử dụng bất đẳng thức Gronwall tổng quát, một điều kiện đủ cho ổn định hữu hạn của các hệ này được thiết lập thông qua hàm Mittag-Leffler. Kết quả thu được sau đó được áp dụng cho hệ bất định và hệ không ôtonom có trễ biến thiên và nhiễu phi tuyến.
L2 DECAY OF WEAK SOLUTIONS FOR THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN GENERAL DOMAINS
Authors: Dương Vũ Thị Thùy , Khải Đào Quang
Published: April 2020

Giả sử u là một nghiệm yếu của hệ phương trình Navier-Stokes không dừng trong một miền tổng quát trong R3. Trước hết, chúng tôi chứng minh rằng tốc độ hội tụ theo thời gian của nghiệm yếu u với chuẩn L2 giống tốc độ hội tụ theo thời gian của nghiệm trong hệ Stokes thuần nhất với cùng giá trị ban đầu và số mũ hội tụ nhỏ hơn 34. Thứ hai, chúng tôi chỉ ra rằng với một số điều kiện của giá trị ban đầu thì u trùng với nghiệm của hệ Stokes thuần nhất khi thời gian dần tới vô cùng. Phần chứng minh các kết quả trong bài báo dựa trên lý thuyết về tính duy nhất và tốc độ hội tụ theo thời gian của nghiệm mạnh cho hệ phương trình Navier-Stokes trong miền tổng quát khi giá trị ban đầu đủ nhỏ.
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT OF BTEX COMPOUNDS AMONG SAFEGUARDS IN UNDERGROUND PARKING GARAGES IN HIGH BUILDINGS IN HANOI
Authors: Hà Võ Thị Lệ , Hương Nguyễn Thu , Hằng Nguyễn Thị Thu , Hiền Nguyễn Thị Thu , Dũng Nghiêm Trung , Yoneda Minoru
Published: April 2020

Hệ thống đỗ xe nhiều tầng có khả năng phát sinh các chất có nồng độ cao BTEX ( Benzene (B), Toluene (T), Ethyl benzene (E) và Xylene (X)), là những chất gây ảnh hưởng xấu đến sức khỏe con người. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là xác định nồng độ BTEX, nguồn phát sinh và đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe đối những người bảo vệ làm việc tại các bãi đỗ xe hầm tại một số tòa nhà cao tầng Hà Nội. 27 mẫu khí được lấy chủ động và phân tích bằng GC/FID. Mô hình đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe được sử dụng dựa trên liều lượng hấp thụ hàng ngày (CDI) và hệ số ung thư (SF). Benenze, Toluene, Xylene đã được phát hiện tại các hệ thống đỗ xe tầng hầm được khảo sát, loại trừ Ethyl Benenze. Nồng độ trung bình được phát hiện là 16,99 µg/m3, 200,36 µg/m3 and 625,22 µg/m3 đối với B, T và X, tương ứng. Phát thải từ xăng dầu và khí thải động cơ là hai nguồn chính đóng góp vào phát sinh BTEX. Rủi ro không ung thư đối với Toluene và Xylene là thấp do HQ <1. Rủi ro ung thư đối với Benzene là trung bình do hệ số ung thư trọn đời vượt qua giá trị ngưỡng của EPA (10-6).
CONSTRUCT INTEGRAL INEQUALITY FROM ALGEBRAIC INEQUALITY
Authors: Tuấn Lê Anh
Published: April 2020

Bất đẳng thức tích phân là một phần trong nội dung bất đẳng thức. Đây là một nội dung khó. Nó thu hút được nhiều nhà toán học quan tâm, nghiên cứu và phát triển. Bất đẳng thức tích phân được sử dụng nhiều trong các bài toán tối ưu, giải tích, phương trình vi phân, phương trình tích phân… Trong bài báo này, bằng việc sử dụng tính chất bảo tồn thứ tự của giới hạn, chúng tôi mô tả việc xây dựng một số bất đẳng thức tích phân từ một số bất đẳng thức đại số đã biết.
ENHANCING MANAGEMENT MEASURES ON STUDENTS' SELF- STUDY ACTIVITIES AT THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES
Authors: Khương Phí Đình , Dương Lâm Thùy
Published: April 2020

Nghiên cứu đã xác định được thực trạng của hoạt động tự học của sinh viên về các phương diện: nhận thức, kỹ năng, các điều kiện phục vụ cho tự học, phương pháp giảng dạy, công tác quản lý. Xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hoạt động tự học bao gồm cả yếu tố khách quan và yếu tố chủ quan. Tìm ra mối quan hệ giữa hoạt động tự học và yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hoạt động tự học, đề  xuất các biện pháp quản lý hoạt động tự học.Tác giả đã sử dụng phương pháp mô tả, phân tích để tìm ra được sự liên quan đến nhận thức giữa các nhóm đối tượng, đồng thời tìm ra những yếu tố có ảnh hưởng đến hoạt động tự học của sinh viên. Nghiên cứu sẽ cung cấp cho các nhà lãnh đạo một ý tưởng rõ ràng về hiệu quả và thành công của các hiệu trưởng trong công việc quản lý hoạt động tự học của sinh viên trong trường đại học.
ATUAÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM FRENTE À SEXUALIDADE DO IDOSO NO CONTEXTO FAMILIAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: dos Santos Araujo Amauri , Nunes da Silva Izadora , dos Santos Silva Glaucia , Maria do Nascimento Vanessa
Published: April 2020

O envelhecimento é um processo que afeta todos os indivíduos, assim os idosos, tornam-se cada vez mais dependentes dos familiares, e o cuidado da enfermagem ao idoso. OBJETIVO: identificar a atuação do enfermeiro frente à sexualidade do idoso no contexto familiar. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo de Revisão Integrativa da literatura que tem como caráter quantitativo e descritivo, realizado através da base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde no recorte temporal de 2013 a 2018. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: as seleções dos artigos ocorreram a partir do refinamento realizado com os critérios de inclusão e da leitura dos títulos, dos resumos, das disponibilidades na íntegra e gratuita e da leitura completa dos estudos. É de suma importância a qualificação, especialização do profissional enfermeiro na área de geriatria e na gerontologia para o acompanhamento aos pacientes idosos e familiares, pois, a enfermagem que irá treinar, educar, supervisionar, auxiliar quanto ao processo do cuidado no envelhecimento, ajudando tais com medidas e respondendo questionamentos sobre o corpo, desejos sexuais, compreensão das adaptações, que tornam necessárias para as resposta sobre a sexualidade e também no âmbito familiar. CONCLUSÃO: o enfermeiro tem o papel indispensável nesse processo, pois está ligado diretamente aos pacientes idosos, com isso, podendo-se promover os esclarecimentos sobre essa temática, além da quebra de crenças e tabus estabelecidas pela sociedade.

Palavras chave: Enfermagem. Família. Idoso. Sexualidade.
The examination of the aspiration system of the casting yard, bunker overpass, receiving device with transshipment units of the blast furnace «Rossiyanka»
Authors: D.A. SHushlyakov , A.V. Kubyshkin , D.A. Soldatov
Published: April 2020

Problems in existing suction systems of casting yard, bunker rack, receiving device with transshipment units of blast furnace number 7 «Rossiyanka» of Novolipetsk Iron and Steel Works are considered. It is noted that the design capacity of the blast furnace was 9 450 tons of cast iron per day, and the blast furnace produces about 13 000 tons of cast iron per day now. The aspiration system was not designed for such a load. The increased dustiness and gas content at the workplaces leads to a number of problems: health of the plant's employees, decrease in product quality, product losses, decrease in labor productivity. It is noted that the dustiness of the air in some points of the workplace of the casting yard exceeds the maximum allowable concentration by 1.2...6 times (which is 7.2...36 mg/m3). The issues of reconstruction of existing suction systems, repair or replacement of installed equipment, improvement of local suction systems are considered. The whole range of activities carried out in the foundry yard and other processing facilities will reduce the dust concentration in the working area to the level of maximum allowable concentrations. Ways to reduce the amount of suspended solids emissions into the atmosphere to the level of 5 mg/m3 on the proposed additional gas cleaning systems are proposed. The proposed reconstructive measures will reduce the total quantity of solid emissions to the atmosphere of Lipetsk by an amount of about 1 794 kg/hour or 11 481 600 kg/year.
EFEKTIVITAS INISIASI MENYUSU DI EFEKTIVITAS INISIASI MENYUSU DINI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SUHU TUBUH PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI KLINIK SEHATI MEDAN
Authors: Sari Indah Dewi
Published: April 2020

Bayi baru lahir 30 menit pertama dapat mengalami penurunan suhu tubuh 3-40C. Pada ruangan dengan suhu 20-250C suhu tubuh bayi turun sekitar 0,30C per menit. Kemampuan bayi yang belum sempurna dalam memproduksi panas sangat rentan untuk mengalami hipotermi. Inisiasi menyusu dini berpengaruh pada suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir, karena kehilangan panas pada bayi empat kali lebih besar dari pada orang dewasa. Inisiasi menyusu dini juga dapat menyelamatkan 22 persen dari bayi yang meninggal sebelum usia satu bulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas inisiasi menyusu dini terhadap perubahan suhu tubuh pada bayi baru lahir di klinik Sehati Medan

Desain penelitian ini menggunakan quasi ekperimen dengan pendekatan prestest dan posttest. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan cara accidental sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi, dan dianalisis menunakan uji wilcoxon secara komputerisasi dengan tingkat kemaknaan P-Sign < 0,05.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir 90%  bayi baru lahir sebelum dilakukan inisiasi menyusu dini mengalami penurunan suhu tubuh dan sesudah dilakukan inisiasi menyusu dini hanya 10% yang mengalami suhu tubuh rendah. Dari hasil pengujian statistik diperoleh hasil dengan Z = -4,243 dan p value = 0,000.

Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah ada efektifitas  pengaruh inisiasi menyusu dini terhadap perubahan suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir di klinik Sehati Medan 2019. Diharapkan pada bidan yang melakukan pertolongan persalinan agar memberikan tindakan inisiasi menyusu dini kepada setiap bayi baru lahir untuk mencegah terjadinya hipotermi.

 

Kata Kunci : Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, Perubahan Suhu Tubuh, Bayi Baru Lahir
Intelligent Water Drop Algorithm based Relevant Image Fetching using Histogram and Annotation Features
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Science & Engg., Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal, India, Jain* Saket , Gupta Dr. Rajendra ,   Dept. of Computer Science & Engg, Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal, India
Published: April 2020

Social media network increase trend of image collection at various platforms. Hence getting an relevant image as per query image or text is depend on retrieval algorithms. Number of researcher has proposed algorithms for fetching relevant images, but relevancy of those still need improvement. Hence proposed paper has utilized the Intelligent water Drop algorithm for initial clustering of images as per feature values. Clustering or relevancy of an image depends on visual feature histogram and annotation similarity. Here property of moving a water drop from one node to another in a water drop graph has increase the clustering accuracy of the work. Experiment was done on real dataset having five different group of image set with annotation. Result shows that proposed work has increase the retrieval relevancy accuracy as well as reduce the fetching of the images. This reduction of time was obtained by using the clustering structure of image dataset.
Utilizing Blockchain Technology in Social Media Bot Identification
Authors: Reddy Shreya , Ewen Lisa , Patel Pankti , Patel Prerak , Kundal Ankit , Mohammed Sabah
Published: April 2020

As bots become more prevalent and smarter in the modern age of the internet, it becomes ever more important that they be identified and removed. Recent research has dictated that machine learning methods are accurate and the gold standard of bot identification on social media. Unfortunately, machine learning models do not come without their negative aspects such as lengthy training times, difficult feature selection, and overwhelming pre-processing tasks. To overcome these difficulties, we are proposing a blockchain framework for bot identification. At the current time, it is unknown how this method will perform, but it serves to prove the existence of an overwhelming gap of research under this area.