bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of technology of preparation of students and schoolchildren in physics based on advanced independent work by means of multi-level physical-technological educational and methodological complex
Authors: Politsinsky E. V.
Published: March 2020

The development of technical education has an important place in the process of modernization of Russian education. Today, State policy provides the advance development of the system of secondary vocational education and the creation of an effective system of vocational guidance for young people; increasing the prestige of engineering professions; qualification and quality of training, both engineering and technical specialists with secondary education.
Physics is the foundation of modern technology. It is the basis of training not only a modern engineer but also a specialist with secondary education in the field of technology and industrial technologies. However, modern young people tend to have little motivation to study physics and generally to receive technical education. Physics remains one of the school’s most difficult-to-learn teaching subjects. Most modern schoolchildren consider physics complex, incomprehensible, not interesting. Among the reasons is the shortage of hours allocated for the study of physics with sufficiently high requirements expressed, first of all, in the ability to solve various physical problems.
The transition to a two-level system of study at the university and as a result a significant (two or more times) reduction of the academic time for the study of physics, does not allow using the classical approach to training. At the same time, it becomes extremely difficult to keep in the previous academic hours, for example lecture courses on general physics.
The article describes the developed technology of training students and schoolchildren in physics on the basis of leading independent work for implementation, which uses a multilevel physical and technological educational and methodological complex; structure, content, and characteristics of the complex, the experience of its application; results of experimental work are given. The prospect of developing and introducing in pedagogical universities a course on the creation of such textbooks by students within the framework of project activities is justified, which will allow to successfully form a wide range of professional competences of future teachers, contribute to their rapid and successful adaptation in the future professional environment.
Hydrolase-treated royal jelly attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and IgE-antigen-mediated allergic reaction
Authors: Chansuwan Worrapanit , Khamhae Matthawan , Sirinupong Nualpun
Published: March 2020

Background: Royal jelly (RJ) is one of the most effectual and beneficial remedies for human beings and currently utilized in many sectors, ranging from the pharmaceutical and food industries to cosmetic and manufacturing sectors due to RJ possessing many bio-therapeutical activities including anti-tumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, vasodilative and hypotensive activities, as well as growth-stimulating, infection-preventing, anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, some reports showing direct consumption of RJ can lead to severe allergic reaction and has been linked with acute asthma, dermatitis, and life-threatening anaphylaxis. Thus, this research purposes to explore the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of hydrolyzed RJ as a function of enzyme and the extent of hydrolysis.Methods: RJ was enzymatically hydrolyzed with three commercial enzymes (AlcalaseÒ, FlavourzymeÒ and ProtamexÒ). Anti-inflammatory activity of the hydrolysates was measured by their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Anti-allergy was determined from the ability of the hydrolysates to inhibit b-hexsosaminidase (b-HEX) release from RBL-2H3 mast cells. Cytotoxicity was also investigated in both RAW264.7 macrophage cells and RBL-2H3 mast cells.Results: The electrophoretic profiles indicated that AlcalaseÒ and FlavourzymeÒ hydrolysates did not show the presence of proteins causing allergic reaction after 60 mins of hydrolysis while these allergens disappeared from ProtamexÒ hydrolysate at the hydrolysis time of 240 min. It was observed that hydrolyzed RJ showed no toxicity on RAW264.7 and RBL-2H3 cells. With the progression of hydrolysis, IC50 values of NO production inhibition significantly decreased while degree of hydrolysis (DH) was increased in all hydrolyzed samples (p < 0.05). Results of b-HEX release inhibition were found in the same fashion. FlavourzymeÒ hydrolysate at the 240 min time point effectively mitigated the oxidative stress and protected DNA in a dose dependent manner.Conclusions: RJ hydrolysates from FlavourzymeÒ resulted in peptides with anti-inflammatory activity as determined by the inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells and anti-allergic property as measured by the suppression of degranulation of sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. Anti-inflammatory effect may be due to their anti-oxidative capability. Inhibition of b-HEX release may be due to their membrane-stabilizing effects or/and blockade of IgE antibody binding to its receptors.Keywords: anti-inflammation, enzymatic hydrolysate, royal jelly, anti-allergy
Education At Work, Literacy at the Resource Frontier: A Matter of Life and Death
Authors: Wilde Terry
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article looks at an under-researched aspect of rural education: adult literacy educationalong Ontario’s resource frontier in the early twentieth century. Workers in mining, lumberingand railroads were male; many were immigrants who wanted to earn enough either to establishhomes in Ontario or return home with a viable stake. The majority did not read or speakEnglish fluently which, directly and indirectly, led to injuries and accidents. I examine thenascent attempts of educators like Alfred Fitzpatrick to teach elementary reading and writingto these men. Their willingness to participate in the process was, however, limited by factorssuch as exhaustion at the end of a long shift; gender and cultural prejudices; and competingmasculinities. The resource frontier was remote and isolated. The work was hard and dangerous.The inability to read and communicate made it more so. This article sheds light on someof the reasons why illiteracy persisted for so long.RésuméCet article jette un regard sur un aspect peu connu de l’éducation en milieu rural : l’alphabétisationdes adultes aux confins des terres habitées de l’Ontario au début du vingtième siècle.Dans les industries forestière, minière et ferroviaire les ouvriers étaient des hommes; beaucoupd’entre eux étaient des immigrants qui voulaient gagner suffisamment d’argent pour s’établirdans cette province ou retourner dans leurs pays d’origine avec une somme d’argent substantielle.La majorité ne savait ni lire ni parler anglais couramment ce qui, directement ouindirectement, entrainait des accidents et des blessures. Nous traitons des premières tentativesd’éducateurs tels qu’Alfred Fitzpatrick pour enseigner les rudiments de la lecture et de l’écritureà ces hommes. Leur volonté d’apprendre était cependant entravée par des facteurs tels quel’épuisement dû au travail, des préjugés culturels ou de genre et l’influence des modèles demasculinité. Ces régions étaient peu peuplées et isolées. Le travail était difficile et dangereux.L’incapacité de lire et de communiquer empirait la situation. Cet article expose certaines desraisons qui ont favorisé la persistance de l’analphabétisme aussi longtemps.
Picturing Rural Education: School Photographs and Contested Reform in Early Twentieth-Century Rural Nova Scotia
Authors: Spike Sara
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article calls for the critical study of photography in the history of Canadian education,including images that might not at first appear to be politically consequential. It considersthe work of independent, itinerant photographer Frank Adams and argues that in the absenceof other documents produced by local communities, school portrait photographs in earlytwentieth-century rural Nova Scotia may offer an alternative rural perspective on narratives ofProgressive education reform. At a moment when many voices sought to sway public opinionabout what rural education should be, Adams’s school photographs articulated a range ofmeanings assigned to and produced by rural communities that are visibly at odds with the imageryand ideology of Progressive education reform in the period. Produced in the years beforeschool portrait photography became part of the official imagery of educational bureaucracies,Adams’s photographs celebrate a unique sense of place and are evidence of a transitional momentwhen alternative ways of imagining rural education were possible.RésuméCet article propose une étude critique de la photographie dans l’histoire de l’éducation auCanada considérant même des images n’ayant aucune incidence politique à prime abord.L’auteur analyse le travail du photographe indépendant et itinérant Frank Adams en soutenantque faute de documents écrits dans les communautés locales quant à la réforme progressiste del’éducation, les portraitistes scolaires dans le monde rural de la Nouvelle-Écosse au début duvingtième siècle peuvent offrir une solution alternative à l’absence de tels discours. Alors queplusieurs voix essayaient d’influencer l’opinion publique sur ce que devrait être l’éducation enmilieu rural, les photographies prises par Adams illustraient un éventail de principes éducatifsvéhiculés et mis en pratique par les communautés rurales à l’encontre des vues et de l’idéologiede la réforme progressiste de cette période. Produites avant que la photographie scolairesoit intégrée aux images officielles des instances éducationnelles, les photos prises par Adamscommémorent l’importance des identités locales et illustrent une époque transitoire où il étaitencore possible d’imaginer autrement l’éducation en milieu rural.
"Cooperación para el desarrollo en tiempos de crisis"
Authors: Romero Rodríguez, S.I. José Juan
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: ALONSO J. A. y OCAMPO, J. A. (Directores) (2011) Cooperación para el desarrollo en tiempos de crisis. Madrid, Fondo de Cultura Económica, 362 pp.
"Mercados de activos financieros"
Authors: López Martín Mª del Carmen
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: MARTÍN MARÍN, J. L. Y TRUJILLO PONCE, A. (2011) Mercados de activos financieros, Madrid, Ed. Delta Publicaciones, 576 págs.
La Política de la Unión Monetaria Europea (UME) y sus consecuencias para España
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: March 2020

La situación de la economía española en los últimos años se ha ido deteriorando; esta circunstancia, unida a las medidas que se han adoptado en los últimos meses ha llevado a un gran desgaste en nuestra sociedad, aumentando las diferencias entre las capas sociales más ricas y las más pobres hasta situarnos como la nación de la eurozona en la que la desigualdad social es más elevada.El propósito de este editorial no es realizar un diagnóstico de la situación, sino más bien aportar información sobre los aspectos claves de la “tormenta” y criterios para su valoración, teniendo en cuenta las políticas y medidas adoptadas desde la UE y la UME y sus consecuencias, centrándonos en nuestro país. A partir de esta información se reﬂexiona sobre las cuestiones clave que ilustran sobre la posible evolución de la situación en España y sobre algunas de las pautas de actuación que pueden orientarnos en el futuro.
"Estado y religión de acuerdo con Estados Unidos de América: Análisis y sistematización del modelo relacional"
Authors: Stenglein Gudrun
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: SÁNCHEZ–BAYÓN, A. (2012) Estado y religión de acuerdo con Estados Unidos de América: Análisis y sistematización del modelo relacional, Saarbrücken, Editorial Académica Española, 314 pp.
La inﬂuencia del humanismo integral de Jacques Maritain en Caritas in veritate
Authors: López–Casquete de Prado Manuel
Published: March 2020

La más reciente actualización de la Doctrina Social de la Iglesia, la encíclica Caritas in veritate, pretende retomar y actualizar las enseñanzas de Pablo VI desde el concepto de desarrollo humano integral. Para una correcta comprensión de la génesis del texto, se hace imprescindible aludir a la ﬁgura del ﬁlósofo francés Jacques Maritain (1882–1973), cuyo Humanismo integral inﬂuyó de modo decisivo en el papado de Pablo VI. Nuestro propósito en este artículo es doble: por una parte, nos planteamos mostrar la intensa inﬂuencia de Maritain en la evolución conceptual de la DSI desde Pablo VI, con especial atención a Caritas in veritate. Por otra, y a la luz interpretativa del humanismo integral de Maritain, trataremos de desentrañar algunas de las claves de comprensión de la encíclica, especialmente en lo relativo a una de sus más genuinas propuestas: el don y la gratuidad como pedagogía de la fraternidad.
"John Maynard Keynes. La biografía definitiva del economista más influyente de nuestro tiempo"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: March 2020

Recensión de la obra de: Skidelsky, R. (2013) John Maynard Keynes. La biografía definitiva del economista más influyente de nuestro tiempo, Barcelona, RBA, 1366 pp.
Stochastic evaluation of orientation parameters for an antenna complex using strapdown inertial system measurements
Authors: Sokolov S. V. , Pogorelov V. A. , Shatalov A. B.
Published: March 2020

When solving the problem of high-precision spatial orientation of antennas of radio engineering complexes placed on high-rise masts of various designs, one of the main tasks is to increase the accuracy of their angular orientation in the conditions of inevitable disturbances of the mast base (due to wind disturbances, operation of various units, etc.) and interference of measurement of antenna orientation parameters by various measuring systems. Currently used methods based on measurements of satellite navigation systems and autonomous measurements of attitude and heading reference system do not provide the required accuracy for solving the problem of antenna orientation, located on a highly dynamic mobile base. This circumstance is due both to the weak noise immunity of algorithms of information processing and the inability of accounting for the dynamic properties of orientation parameters measured also in the presence of noise of high intensity, whose properties also usually are not taken into account. In this regard, the article considers a dynamic algorithm for estimating the stochastic parameters of the antenna orientation of the radio engineering complexes, invariant to the nature of the movement of the mast base and providing stability and the required accuracy of the evaluation under the most general assumptions about the nature of interference of the sensing elements attitude and heading reference system. As the observed state vector – the vector of antenna orientation parameters, the vector of Rodriguez–Hamilton parameters is used, and as the vector of observation of it – the vector of measurements of angular velocity sensors of a strapdown inertial system, which consists of three accelerometers and three angular velocity sensors located orthogonally in the center of mass of the antenna. Based on the nonlinear stochastic equations of dynamics of change of the vector of parameters of the current orientation attitude and heading reference system on the moving base and stochastic models of the measuring signals sensing elements attitude and heading reference system, a non-linear (generalized) Kalman filter, providing the desired solution of the problem of estimation of the parameters of the current orientation of the antenna on the perturbed basis, was built. The results of the numerical experiment allow us to conclude that it can be used to solve the problem of operational orientation of radio engineering complexes antennas placed on masts, using medium-and high-precision attitude and heading reference system without correction for a long time.
STUDY ON TREATMENT OF LAM DONG DIATOMITE FOR FILTER AID MANUFACTURE
Authors: Tran Dang Doan Minh , Mai Phong Thanh
Published: March 2020

Recent years in Vietnam, diatomaceous earth has been attractive to researchers and manufacturers due to its applications, particularly in the field of filter aid manufacture. In this study, diatomite from Dai Lao valley deposit (Bao Loc, Lam Dong province) was seclected for investigation of its possible application in preparation of filter aids. For this purpose, diatomite ore was characterized and treated in different acids in order to improve the material characteristics for filter aid manufacture. Chemical and physical properties of the raw and treated diatomite were determined using different instruments such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results showed that Lam Dong diatomite has low SiO2 (52.9%) and high Fe2O3 content (5.32%). In order to enrich SiO2 and eliminate unnecessary components, different acids (6M H2SO4, 3.5M HCl and 5M HCl) were used. Among acids used, leaching in 6M H2SO4 gave most favorable results. Particularly, after leaching in 6M H2SO4, SiO2 content increased to 90.9% and Fe2O3 content decreased to 0.53%.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Nguyen Hanh Ngoc , Vo Thao Huu
Published: March 2020

Nanoparticles of metal and metallic oxides have become a very active research area in the field of material chemistry. The surface effect is mainly responsible for deviation of the properties of nano-materials from that of the bulk. Nanosize copper oxide was synthesized by hydrolysis of copper salts in basic medium using biodegradable non-ionic polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) as surface active agent The X-ray powder diffraction patterns (XRD) present typical peaks of copper oxides formed. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images determined the shape and the nanosizes of the particles of about 10-30nm. The results exhibited the role of intermediate nanosize copper hydroxide species on the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. The influence of synthesis temperature, reaction time, calcination temperature, etc. was studied.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE AREA OF RAGLAI PEOPLE NOWADAYS
Authors: Truong Mon Van
Published: March 2020

By the method of anthropology, this page present on the environment and economic change of the Raglai people in Khanh Phu commune, Khanh Hoa province. Example, this page analyze on the change of resources of forest, soil, water, specially, the change of cultivate of milpa and cattle -breeding from tradition to morden. The result of this page shows that from after 1975 up to now, economy, culture, and society of the Raglai people have development. However, in developmental process there are some problems which need to review. So the paper will provide the scientific evidences for the functional departments have planned to preserve the ecological environment and to develop the sustainable economy in the region of Raglai people nowadays.
AN APPROACH OF UBIQUITOUS DEVICES USING T-ENGINE IN VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Hung Hoa , Nguyen Huy Quang , Dinh Vu Duc Anh
Published: March 2020

The 21st century is the era of Ubiquitous Computing where computing devices are present everywhere in our lives. To satisfy the development of this tendency, many hardware platforms have been proposed for developing Ubiquitous devices. Among them, T-Engine, an open standardized development platform for embedded systems, is one of the most popular platforrms. It is nowadays compatible with embedded equipments for a wide range of fields. In Vietnam, T-Engine has just been introduced for 4 years. However, most of the ubiquitous applications using T-Engine are developed restrictively based on the standard hardware of T-Engine. One issue that arises is the necessity of a solution to expand T-Engine hardware and use it to control automatic systems to satisfy different types of Ubiquitous devices. This research is to propose an approach to use T-Engine in the Ubiquitous Devices that require the attachment of the additional hardware as well as the complicated control mechanism with real time constraints. In this research, we proposed an expanding solution T-Engine through the extension bus. Besides that, we consider the timing problems in bus transaction and problems in real-time programming. A simple robot demonstration has also been designed and implemented to prove the feasibility of our model. This approach will open up a new tendency of developing complicated Ubiquitous devices using T-Engine in Vietnam.
METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING ASYNCHRONOUS CIRCUITS ON FPGA
Authors: Dinh Vu Duc Anh
Published: March 2020

FPGA device is a dominant implementation medium for digital circuits. Unfortunately, they do not support asynchronous circuits because of the lack of asynchronous circuit elements such as Muller gates, etc. In this paper, new efficient approaches are proposed to prototype asynchronous circuits on Look-Up Table-based (LUT) FPGA rapidly. The developed techniques are based on building of elements which play an important role in asynchronous circuits. The hazard-free elements are predefined in libraries in HDL and EDIF format. Timing and/or area constraints for place&route tool are automatically generated to map the asynchronous elements on suitable FPGA’s logic blocks. Several FPGA devices such as Altera, Xilinx and Actel could be used as target for the implementation.
Laparaskopik Nefrektomide Ağrı Kontrolünde Transvers Abdominis Plane (TAP) Blok Etkinliğinin Retrospektif Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: ALTIN Suat , YEREBAKAN AKESEN Selcan , YAVAŞCAOĞLU Belgin
Published: March 2020

Laparoskopik cerrahilerde, postoperatif ağrı yönetiminde uygulanan multimodal yaklaşımda rejyonal tekniklerin önemli bir yeri vardır. Bu çalışmada, laparoskopik nefrektomilerde Transvers Abdominis Plane (TAP) bloğun postoperatif ağrı yönetiminde etkinliğini retrospektif olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Laparoskopik nefrektomi cerrahisi geçirmiş, postoperatif analjezi için hasta kontrollü analjezi (HKA) ile iv morfin verilen 50 olgunun anestezi kayıtları incelendi. Operasyon odasında anestezi indüksiyonu öncesi TAP blok uygulanan (Grup TAP, n=25) ve uygulanmayan (Grup Kontrol, n=25) hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı. İntraoperatif desfluran MAK (minimum alveolar konsantrasyon) değerlerinin ve fentanil tüketiminin Grup TAP’de anlamlı olarak düşük olduğu bulundu (p<0,001). Postoperatif ağrı skorlarının (VAS 0-10) (0. dk, 30. dk, 2.sa, 4.sa, 8.sa ve 12. sa) ve postoperatif HKA yöntemi ile morfin tüketiminin Grup TAP’de anlamlı olarak düşük olduğu saptandı (p<0,001). HKA ile ilk morfin kullanma zamanının Grup kontrol’de daha kısa olduğu bulundu. (p<0,001). Bulantı-kusma ve hipertansiyon gibi opioidlerle ilişkili yan etkilere kontrol grubunda, TAP grubuna göre daha sık rastlandığı saptandı (p<0,001). Grup TAP’de hasta memnuniyetinin daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0,001). Sonuç olarak, laparoskopik nefrektomi cerrahisi geçirecek olgularda preoperatif dönemde genel anesteziye ilave TAP bloğun uygulanması, intraoperatif anestezik ve analjezik tüketimini azaltarak daha kaliteli bir postoperatif ağrı yönetimi sağlamaktadır.
Finances of the Nation: Survey of Provincial and Territorial Budgets, 2019-20
Authors: Lin David
Published: March 2020

For almost 60 years, the Canadian Tax Foundation published an annual monograph, Finances of the Nation, and its predecessor, The National Finances. In a change of format, the 2014 Canadian Tax Journal introduced a new "Finances of the Nation" feature, which presents annual surveys of provincial and territorial budgets and topical articles on taxation and public expenditures in Canada. This article surveys the 2019-20 provincial and territorial budgets.
Planification fiscale personnelle: Défense de diligence raisonnable relativement — la responsabilité des versements obligatoires impayés
Authors: Gray Wayne D.
Published: March 2020

Un administrateur peut se voir imposer plusieurs responsabilités potentiellement onéreuses par d'autres dispositions que celles de la loi en vertu de laquelle la société au conseil de laquelle il ou elle siège est constituée ou prorogée. La responsabilité personnelle d'un administrateur est en particulier souvent établie par les lois qui exigent que la société paie les retenues — la source sur la paie des employés (impÙt sur le revenu, cotisations au Régime de pensions du Canada, et cotisations d'assurance-emploi), les retenues — la source dues par les non-résidents du Canada et les versements nets de la taxe sur les produits et services et de la taxe de vente harmonisée. Ces régimes législatifs partagent tous certaines caractéristiques, notamment une défense de diligence raisonnable prévue par la loi.

Cet article examine l'état du droit en vertu de la norme objective de diligence qui a été adoptée initialement dans le contexte fiscal par la Cour d'appel fédérale dans l'affaire Buckingham. Il s'attarde en particulier aux principes qui guident la jurisprudence sur la défense de diligence raisonnable, les circonstances de fait qui ont abouti ou échoué pour les appelants, et la manière dont la défense s'exerce différemment selon qu'un administrateur est un administrateur interne ou un administrateur externe.
Personal Tax Planning: Due Diligence Defence to Liability for Unpaid Statutory Remittances
Authors: Gray Wayne D.
Published: March 2020

Several potentially onerous liabilities may be imposed on directors outside the provisions of the statute under which their corporation is incorporated or continued. In particular, some of the most common sources of personal liability for directors arise under statutes requiring the corporation to pay employee payroll source deductions (income tax, Canada Pension Plan contributions, and employment insurance premiums), withholding taxes owing by non-residents of Canada, and net goods and services tax and harmonized sales tax remittances. These statutory regimes all have certain features in common, including a statutory due diligence defence.

This article examines the state of the law under the objective standard of care first adopted in the tax context by the Federal Court of Appeal in Buckingham. In particular, it examines the principles that guide jurisprudence on the due diligence defence, the factual circumstances that have met with success or failure for appellants, and how the defences apply differently depending on whether a director is an inside or outside director.
Tim Edgar: The Accidental Comparatist
Authors: Brooks Kim
Published: March 2020

This paper focuses on the contributions of Tim Edgar as a major comparative law scholar. It reviews the major debates and theoretical directions in comparative law scholarship and offers a case study of Edgar's contributions in the light of the major debates in comparative law. Edgar's development as a comparatist is traced through three defined phases. His identification of the policy problem to be resolved is highlighted as a major feature of his contribution.
Moving to a More "Certain" Test for Tax Residence in Australia: Lessons for Canada?
Authors: Dirkis Michael
Published: March 2020

Canada and Australia have superficially similar tests for determining the tax residence of individuals. Both have a common-law residence (or resides) test, "continuing attachment" rules (a statutory test in Australia), a 183-day type of test, and provisions focused on government officials. A key difference between the countries in this regard, despite broadly similar residence tests, is that litigation in Canada is rare whereas Australia, over the last decade, has seen at least 43 administrative tribunal, Federal Court, and High Court decisions with respect to tax residence.

In response to the high levels of litigation resulting from concentrated Australian Taxation Office compliance programs, the Board of Taxation commenced a self-initiated review of the income tax residence rules for individuals in May 2016. The report subsequently submitted to government noted that the current rules were no longer appropriate and needed to be updated and simplified. Although the Australian government has not endorsed the board's recommendations, the board was directed to undertake further consultation in order to ensure that the proposed residence rules are appropriately designed and targeted, with a particular focus on integrity (that is, anti-avoidance) issues. A final report, sent to the government in April/May 2019, proposed a number of bright-line tests.

These proposed tests are based in part on the approach adopted in the NZ and 2013 UK residence rules. In this paper, the author considers the similarities and shortcomings of the Canadian and Australian rules on individual tax residence according to the criteria of equity, simplicity, and efficiency (integrity), and then reviews the Board of Taxation's recommendations with an eye to whether the proposed Australian changes could provide guidance for any future Canadian reform, should the political circumstances so dictate in the future.
Automation and Workers: Re-Imagining the Income Tax for the Digital Age
Authors: Li Jinyan , Choi Arjin , Smith Cameron
Published: March 2020

In the age of automation, more and more workers lose jobs or become gig workers, and the share of labour income in national income is expected to decline further. These developments threaten the sustainability of Canada's 102-year-old income tax as a major source of government revenue and a key instrument for redistributing social income. The authors make the case for re-imagining the income tax to suit the digital age. They propose that all workers should be taxed the same, regardless of the private-law arrangements or technical means used to carry out the work. They call for a reconceptualization of the source of income as human capital, capital, or business. They suggest ways of amending the Income Tax Act to ensure that income from work is not embedded in capital or disguised as active business income that warrants tax subsidies. To ensure the implementation of such re-imagined tax, the authors suggest broadening the scope of withholding tax by taking advantage of technological advances.
Socialist Content in National Form: A Guiding Principle of the "Communist Project" in Romanian Architecture
Authors: Mihai-Coman Horia
Published: March 2020

The article follows the theme of "socialist content in national form" in Romanian architecture during a period stretching from approximately 1944 to 1989 – a time interval that is usually associated with the specific political agenda that dominated society in a decisive and profound way throughout the era, which is usually indicated as "communism". This time interval can also be indicated by using other keywords and concepts, such as "socialism", "state socialism", "totalitarianism" or others, sometimes in association with the keyword "communism". For reasons that will be presented in the introduction, the title of the article will prefer the use of the term "the communist project" for indicating the chronological focus of the article; the word "project" also holds a conceptual meaning – therefore being considered appropriate in the context of a mostly conceptual discussion that the article focusses on – as it tries to examine one of the most powerful and influential key concepts of the era: "socialist content in national form".
Three-dimensional Modeling of an Old Masonry Bridge and Assessing Its Current Capacity
Authors: Sotoudeh Saeed , Jahangiri Meysam , Ranjbarnia Masoud , Zakeri Jabbar-Ali
Published: March 2020

Masonry bridges are among the main structures built along the road and railway routes. These structures are generally old and have historical value. Considering the increased axial load and passing speed from these bridges, an in-depth study of these structures and their potential is of paramount importance. In the present study, an old masonry arch bridge located in 475 km of Western Iranian railway is investigated. For the detailed modeling of this structure, a three-dimensional finite element method (3DFEM) was implemented to take into account the details of the bridge and the train passing over it. The developed model was calibrated and validated using the dynamic field test results. The obtained results showed that the increase in the axial load and train speed over the bridge must be done carefully because exceeding the travel speed of 90 km/h and increasing the axial load from 20 to 30 ton makes serious problems in the bridge and interrupts its performance. Furthermore, it was found that the adequacy factor of the bridge under the standard load of LM71 is over 2.
Analysis of In-Vehicle Warning System for Rail-Road Level Crossings: Case Study in the City of Thessaloniki, Greece
Authors: Skoufas Anastasios , Basbas Socrates , Salanova Grau Josep Maria , Aifadopoulou Georgia
Published: March 2020

The present research has investigated the impact of a Cooperative – Intelligent Transport Systems service for increasing Rail – Road Level Crossing safety, in terms of driving dynamic of the taxi drivers who used the service at the city of Thessaloniki, Greece. The Cooperative – Intelligent Transport Systems service informed drivers when approaching a Rail – Road Level Crossing, through 6 different paths, at the western area of the city of Thessaloniki. The results were yielded after comparing two datasets concerning the use of the Cooperative – Intelligent Transport Systems service by 168 taxi drivers for 28 days and without the use of the Cooperative – Intelligent Transport Systems service by 15 taxi drivers for 25 days. Even if conclusions are contrasting for the different types of the Rail – Road Level Crossing transits, the findings highlight a relation between speed reduction with types of transits whose first road segment is rectilinear, during Cooperative – Intelligent Transport Systems service use, while minor differentiations are noticed for Rail – Road Level Crossing transits with sharp turns and stop signs.
Method for Calculating the Static Characteristics of Radial Hydrostatic Compensator of Machine Tool Bearings Deformation
Authors: Kodnyanko Vladimir A.
Published: March 2020

The design, mathematical model and methods of calculating static characteristics of the radial hydrostatic compensator of machine tool bearings deformation are considered. The research has shown that the design is able to provide a stable value of negative compliance in the range of small and moderate load values. It has been identified that the type of characteristics largely depends on the adjustment factor of the input choke hydraulic resistance, for which there is an optimal value in terms of the load characteristics stability. The example of calculating the compensator′s parameters is given, and it is shown that the compensator is capable to provide the functions for the machine with real characteristics.
房屋建筑外墙保温工程施工技术探究
Authors: 马 腾
Published: March 2020

在最近的几年时间里，我国在建筑节能研究方面投入了更多的人力物力，从而使得节能标准逐渐的提高。大量的新型节能技术和节能建筑物料被研发出来，并被人们大范围的运用到了建筑行业之中，取得了非常显著的成效。就住宅建筑来说，节能建筑外层防护结构的热能浪费情况较为严重，墙体在外防护结构中是最为重要的部分，所以，这也充分的说明了，建筑墙体节能技术是建筑节能技术中较为关键的一项技术，要想有效地提升建筑节能效果，就需要从外界保温技术以及节能物料两个方面入手。鉴于此，我们要切实的对各种施工技术进行合理的运用，促进外墙结构保温施工质量的不断提升，从根本上避免室内外传热，提升节能的效果。
煤矿综采机械的故障成因与维护保养
Authors: 王 瑞明
Published: March 2020

在科学技术快速发展的推动下，使得大量的新型机械设备被研发出来，并被人们运用到了各个领域之中，取得了非常显著的成效。煤矿综采机械式当下煤矿企业矿井生产中最为基本的机械设备，并且具备良好的综合性能，生产效率较高，因为煤矿井下生产环境十分恶劣，煤矿综采机械设备在生产过程中极易受到外界各种因素的影响而出现故障，再加上井下空间具有一定的局限性，所以煤矿综采机械设备的维修也会存在诸多的困难，这样不仅会对煤矿综采机械运行效率的提升产生一定的限制，并且会损害到煤矿企业经济利益。所以，煤矿企业务必要围绕导致煤矿综采机械故障的根源展开全面分析研究，结合实际情况指定切实可行的养护方案，保证煤矿综采机械能够持续稳定的运转，为煤矿生产工作顺利开展创造良好基础。
大跨度钢结构网架顶棚高空散装施工
Authors: 宋 鸿利
Published: March 2020

大跨度钢结构网架顶棚的施工需要严谨的设计方案为基础，同时在施工中严格控制施工技术参数和现场施工作业的规范性，这样才能保障施工质量。文章结合笔者工作经验，分析了散装钢结构屋盖网架施工的方法，并指出了大跨度钢结构网架顶棚高空散装施工技术的难点所在，主要包括网架结构较高、网架结构跨度大、网架节点较多、施工场地限制因素多等方面，最后指出了大跨度钢结构网架顶棚高空散装施工的关键技术。
关于优化大跨度连续梁支架体系的探讨研究
Authors: 贾 连刚
Published: March 2020

高速铁路大跨度连续梁 0#块高度较高，重量较大，大多采用支架现浇的形式。文章结合新建福厦铁路东孚特大桥（70+125+70）m 连续梁的实际情况，针对大跨度连续梁 0#块支架体系既有常规方案进行合理优化，把墩外临时固结钢管混凝土支墩与支架钢管柱巧妙结合，通过 Midas 程序整体建立模型，对优化后的支架体系进行检算，同时简述实际施工情况。实践证明优化后的支架体系具有节省材料、提高功效等优点，对今后大跨度连续梁支架体系施工具有一定指导意义。
Retrospective evaluation of 106 Behçet’s disease patients in Giresun province
Authors: AKŞAN Burak , KULAKLI Sevgi , OĞUZ Işıl Deniz
Published: March 2020

Background Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder which is an important cause of morbidity in Turkey.Objective We aimed to investigate the demographical and clinical features of patients with BD followed up in our department in Faculty of Medicine in Giresun University Training and Research Hospital.Methods The hospital records of patients with BD who attended the dermatology department between 2006-2019 were retrospectively evaluated. One hundred and six patients who met the diagnostic criteria of International Study Group for BD were included in the study. The clinical and demographic characteristics, including the age of onset, disease duration, mucocutaneous findings and systemic involvements were recorded.Results Of the 106 patients in the study, 64 (60.4%) were female, 42 (39.6%) were male, and the female-to-male ratio was 1.52:1. The median age at the onset of the disease was 38 years, and the median disease duration was 9 years (range 1-40 years). The most common finding was recurrent oral ulcers (100%) followed by genital ulcers (86.6%), ocular involvement (52.8%), erythema nodosum (49.1%), articular involvement (45.3%), papulopustular lesions (34%), positive pathergy test (21.7%), vascular involvement (14.2%), gastrointestinal involvement (9.4%), neurologic (2.8%) and genitourinary involvement (2.8%). Papulopustular lesions were seen statistically significantly more frequent in men (P=0.047).Conclusion In our study, we presented the demographical and clinical features of patients with BD in a single center in Giresun. Major findings were mucocutaneous ones and most common extracutaneous involvements were eyes and joints.
O diagnóstico psicopatológico fenomenológico da perspectiva dialético-essencialista
Authors: Messas Guilherme , Fukuda Lívia
Published: March 2020

Resumo: A partir da concepção de psicopatologia como ciência humana básica autônoma, propomos nesse artigo um método qualitativo para exploração aprofundada das vivências psicológicas transtornadas. Nossa proposta metodológica ajusta-se à realização de uma ciência psicopatologia fenomenológica dialético-essencialista, cujos conceitos fundamentais são essência, proporção dialética e estrutura. Essa perspectiva centraliza o interesse científico psicopatológico nas tensões existenciais entre o individual e o geral e entre o movimento e a estabilidade. O processo de diagnóstico psicopatológico fenomenológico, calcado na interpessoalidade, será detalhado aqui em cinco etapas. São elas: relato do sujeito e descrição psicopatológica; ressonância afetiva; terceiridade dual; intuição eidética e redução fenomenológica; e compreensão transcendental da estrutura. Acredita-se que, com o uso dessa metodologia, possamos colaborar para o aprofundamento do ato diagnóstico, assim como fornecer subsídios mais consistentes para a compreensão da prática terapêutica e a produção da agenda de pesquisa científica.Palavras-chave: Psicopatologia; Fenomenologia; Metodologia; Dialética; Essência. The phenomenological psychopathological diagnosis from the dialetic-essencialist perspectiveAbstract: From the conception of psychopathology as an autonomous basic human science, we propose in this article a qualitative method for the deep exploration of disturbed psychological experiences. Our methodological proposal adjusts to the realization of a dialectic-essentialist phenomenological psychopathology, whose fundamental concepts are essence, dialectical proportion and structure. This perspective centralizes the psychopathological scientific interest in the existential tensions between the individual and the general and between the movement and the stability. The process of phenomenological psychopathological diagnosis, based on interpersonality, will be detailed here in five stages. They are: subjective report and psychopathological description; affective resonance; dual thirdness; eidetic intuition and phenomenological reduction; and transcendental understanding of structure. It is believed that with the use of this methodology, we can collaborate to deepen the diagnostic act, as well as provide more consistent subsidies for the understanding of therapeutic practice and the production of the scientific research agenda.Keywords: Psychopathology; Phenomenology; Methodology; Dialectics; Essence.
التفسير المنسوب إلى سفيان الثوري: مصادره وموضوعاته وآثار العصر الاجتماعية والسياسية على محتواه
Authors: ALEZZİ Ahmed Ali Hussein , TAŞ Sakin
Published: March 2020

سفيان الثوري (تـ 161/778) أحد فقهاء ومحدثي القرن الثاني الهجري، نسبت المصادرُ إليه تفسيراً باسمه (تفسير سفيان الثوري)، والذي يعتبر من أوائل التفاسير بالرواية وصولاً إلينا، لقد ركزت الدراساتُ السابقةُ حول تفسير الثوري عن الكيفية، والمنهج الذي سار عليه الثوري في تفسيره، وكانت بعيدة عن البحث حول الأسباب التي تقف وراء هذا المنهج. فتساءلنا في مقالتنا عن الأسباب التي تقف وراء المنهج الذي اتبعه الثوري في تفسيره، سواء فيما يخص مصادره أو منهجيته، هذا من جهة، ومن جهة أخرى سعينا في هذه المقالة للتعرف على الموضوعات الأساسية التي تناولتها المرويات التفسيرية، ومعرفة أسباب تركيز تلك الروايات على موضوعات معينة دون غيرها. مستعرضين أيضاً العوامل السياسية والعلمية التي انعكست في تفسير الثوري؛ نظراً لتأثره بالواقع الذي عاش فيه. وعليه فإن هذا الجهد يهدف إلى تقديم إضافة متواضعة، تعين المهتمين في علم التفسير على فهم تفسير الثوري بشكل جيد.
Isotonic Saline Nebulization and Lung Function in Children With Mild Respiratory Ailments
Authors: Barski P. , Surdacki M. , Saj A. , Wróblewska A. , Ornat M. , Pawelak A. , Pompa D. , Jurgiel J. , Ermisch V. , Hirnle A. , Pirogowicz I , Stanisławska I. , Łyp M. , Pokorski M.
Published: March 2020

Nebulization with saline solution, although commonly used to alleviate respiratory symptoms, particularly in children, is often questioned concerning its effectiveness. In this study, we investigated the effects of isotonic saline nebulization on lung function in 40 children (mean age of 14±1 years) suffering from different types of airway disorders. Measurements were carried out directly before and up to 15 min after nebulization, for six days in a row, always on the same day time in the morning. The children were divided into two study groups according to the baseline ratio of forced expired volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), below and above 80 %. We found significant improvements after saline nebulization in FEV1, mid-expiratory flow at 50 % and 75 % of FVC (MEF50 and MEF75), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the group with the baseline FEV1/FVC less than 80 %. In contradistinction, children with an index greater than 80 % displayed no appreciable changes in the lung function variables when compared with the baseline level before saline nebulization. We conclude that isotonic saline nebulization might mitigate the functional signs of threatening pulmonary obstruction and as such may be clinically useful in pediatric patients with mild respiratory problems.
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia as an Index of Cardiac Vagal Control in Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: Bona Olexova L. , Sekaninova N. , Jurko A. , Visnovcova Z. , Grendar M. , Jurko T. , Tonhajzerova I.
Published: March 2020

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), i.e. heart rate (HR) variations during inspiration and expiration, is considered as a noninvasive index of cardiac vagal control. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) could be associated with increased cardiovascular risk; however, the studies are rare particularly at adolescent age. Therefore, we aimed to study cardiac vagal control indexed by RSA in adolescent patients suffering from MVP using short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. We examined 12 adolescents (girls) with MVP (age 15.9±0.5 years) and 12 age and gender matched controls. Resting ECG was continuously recorded during 5 minutes. Evaluated HRV indices were RR interval (ms), rMSSD (ms), pNN50 (%), log HF (ms2), peak HF (Hz) and respiratory rate (breaths/min). RR interval was significantly shortened in MVP group compared to controls (p=0.004). HRV parameters-rMSSD, pNN50 and log HF were significantly lower in MVP compared to controls (p=0.017, p=0.014, p= 0.015 respectively). Our study revealed reduced RSA magnitude indicating impaired cardiac vagal control in MVP already at adolescent age that could be crucial for early diagnosis of cardiovascular risk in MVP.
To make or to serve-industrial specialization drivers of foreign subsidiaries in service and manufacturing sectors across agglomerations in a transition economy
Authors: Mironko Arkadiusz
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the dynamics of the location patterns of the foreign direct investment(FDI)subsidiaries in manufacturing and service sectors across regions in a developing economy before and after the accession of the European Union in 2004. The data at the NUTS level 2 on regions in Poland is analyzed employing the revealed location advantage (RLA) index for industrial specialization (RLAis) of the regions. The study tests the concentration patterns of industrial sectors along with the industrial specialization level of regions’ participating foreign enterprises across all regions of Poland. The findings allow answering for the presented hypothesis testing the level of industrial specialization across regions and its impact on narrowing industrial specialization, wages and the level of R&D investment. The results determine that the location of foreign firms in service-related industries is concentrating mostly in the largest agglomerations with the presence of large markets and universities. While, also, several regions seem to be able to narrow their manufacturing specializations, they generally locate at, or near, the legacy centers of those industrial sectors. This provides answers for, and confirms the raised hypothesis and generally follows the existing theoretical path of the developed economies. The study, also, shows that Polish regions attracting a higher number of foreign service-related investments also seem to increase their industrial specialization in select manufacturing sectors that can increasingly attract R&D investment.
The Impact of Persistent Climate Crisis on the mobility of Rural Bangladeshi Communities: How Far Would They be Able to Move and Sustain?
Authors: Afzal Muhammad Hassan Bin
Published: March 2020

This study finds that the ongoing climate change causes huge displacement for the rural and underserved communities in Bangladesh and that results in a huge increase in both urbanization and migration nationally. The issue of ability to move and adjust in urban communities for the Bangladeshi displaced rural communities become a huge national crisis and severely affects the overall socio-economic development of Bangladesh. Finally, this paper finds strong historical evidence that the triple mobility crisis impacts the overall socio-economic development of Bangladesh negatively between 2007-2017 and continues to affect the development goals. This study recommends evidence-based recommendations to minimize the impacts of the triple mobility crisis and support and assist the affected population more effectively and purposefully.
Efek Diskritisasi pada Modifikasi Hypocycloid Menjadi CSCPP (Curve Stitching Connected Pseudo Polygon)
Authors: Parhusip Hanna Arini
Published: March 2020

Tulisan ini membahas tentang pembuatan Curve Stitching berdasarkan efek diskritisasi kurva Hypocycloid yang dimodifikasi. Kurva yang dihasilkan dinamakan Connected Pseudo Polygon (CPP) karena berupa segibanyak yang berbentuk berdasarkan urutan cara menggambar serta diskritisasi titik yang digunakan. Yang dimaksud Curve Stitching disini adalah pembuatan ornamen dengan papan dan benang. Desain ini digunakan sebagai media bermain dalam kegiatan pelajaran atau kuliah matematika. Selain dengan benang, CPP juga dibentuk dengan kawat dan sedotan agar Desain yang sama dapat dibentuk dengan beberapa material yang cocok untuk penyusunan CPP. CPP ini digunakan sebagai media untuk mengilustrasikan inovasi matematika atau ornamen matematika.