bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whole-transcriptome splicing profiling of E7.5 mouse primary germ layers reveals frequent alternative promoter usage during mouse early embryogenesis
Authors: Lu Xukun , Zhao Zhen-Ao , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhang Xiaoxin , Zhai Yanhua , Deng Wenbo , Yi Zhaohong , Li Lei
Published: March 2018

Alternative splicing (AS) and alternative promoter (AP) usage expand the repertories of mammalian transcriptome profiles and thus diversify gene functions. However, our knowledge about the extent and functions of AS and AP usage in mouse early embryogenesis remains elusive. Here, by performing whole-transcriptome splicing profiling with high-throughput next generation sequencing, we report that AS extensively occurs in embryonic day (E) 7.5 mouse primary germ layers, and may be involved in multiple developmental processes. In addition, numerous RNA splicing factors are differentially expressed and alternatively spliced across the three germ layers, implying the potential importance of AS machinery in shaping early embryogenesis. Notably, AP usage is remarkably frequent at this stage, accounting for more than one quarter (430/1,648) of the total significantly different AS events. Genes generating the 430 AP events participate in numerous biological processes, and include important regulators essential for mouse early embryogenesis, suggesting that AP usage is widely used and might be relevant to mouse germ layer specification. Our data underline the potential significance of AP usage in mouse gastrulation, providing a rich data source and opening another dimension for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of mammalian early development.
FlyingDrosophilamaintain arbitrary but stable headings relative to the angle of polarized light
Authors: Warren Timothy L. , Weir Peter T. , Dickinson Michael H.
Published: March 2018

Animals must use external cues to maintain a straight course over long distances. In this study, we investigated how the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, selects and maintains a flight heading relative to the axis of linearly polarized light, a visual cue produced by the atmospheric scattering of sunlight. To track flies’ headings over extended periods, we used a flight simulator that coupled the angular velocity of dorsally presented polarized light to the stroke amplitude difference of the animal's wings. In the simulator, most flies actively maintained a stable heading relative to the axis of polarized light for the duration of 15 minute flights. We found that individuals selected arbitrary, unpredictable headings relative to the polarization axis, which demonstrates that Drosophila can perform proportional navigation using a polarized light pattern. When flies flew in two consecutive bouts separated by a 5 minute gap, the two flight headings were correlated, suggesting individuals retain a memory of their chosen heading. We found that adding a polarized light pattern to a light intensity gradient enhanced flies’ orientation ability, suggesting Drosophila use a combination of cues to navigate. For both polarized light and intensity cues, flies’ capacity to maintain a stable heading gradually increased over several minutes from the onset of flight. Our findings are consistent with a model in which each individual initially orients haphazardly but then settles on a heading which is maintained via a self-reinforcing process. This may be a general dispersal strategy for animals with no target destination.
Labor Market Uncertainty and Portfolio Choice Puzzles
Authors: Chang Yongsung , Hong Jay H. , Karabarbounis Marios
Published: March 2018

The standard life-cycle models of household portfolio choice have difficulty generating a realistic age profile of risky share. These models not only imply a high risky share on average but also a steeply decreasing age profile, whereas the risky share is mildly increasing in the data. We introduce age-dependent, labor market uncertainty into an otherwise standard model. A great uncertainty in the labor market—high unemployment risk, frequent job turnovers, and an unknown career path—prevents young workers from taking too much risk in the financial market. As labor market uncertainty is resolved over time, workers start taking more risk in their financial portfolios. (JEL D14, D15, D81, G11, J31, J63)
Recent advances in understanding the biology of marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Bertoni Francesco , Rossi Davide , Zucca Emanuele
Published: March 2018

There are three different marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs): the extranodal MZL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type (MALT lymphoma), the splenic MZL, and the nodal MZL. The three MZLs share common lesions and deregulated pathways but also present specific alterations that can be used for their differential diagnosis. Although trisomies of chromosomes 3 and 18, deletions at 6q23, deregulation of nuclear factor kappa B, and chromatin remodeling genes are frequent events in all of them, the three MZLs differ in the presence of recurrent translocations, mutations affecting the NOTCH pathway, and the transcription factor Kruppel like factor 2 (KLF2)or the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase delta (PTPRD). Since a better understanding of the molecular events underlying each subtype may have practical relevance, this review summarizes the most recent and main advances in our understanding of the genetics and biology of MZLs.
Evaluation of controlled type II diabetics ascending and descending a ramp surface at an imposed speed: A case-control study
Authors: Rosario Martin G. , Orozco Elizabeth , Babilonia Nairoby , Tellez Greisy , Mojica Francheska , Gonzalez-Sola Maryvi , Bayron Flavia
Published: March 2018

Background: Patients with diabetes have been shown to suffer from increased fall risk. Research shows that this risk is higher on irregular surfaces. Existing studies evaluate gait on irregular surfaces, such as stairs, asphalt, grass and stones. This study evaluates gait parameters in individuals with diabetes mellitus type II (DMII) with no history of peripheral neuropathy, while ascending and descending a ramp at an imposed speed, and compares them with healthy controls.

Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteer participants and fifteen participants with DMII and no peripheral neuropathy (females and males) between the ages of 40-65 were recruited for this study. Participants walked three times at 100 bpm while ascending and descending a wooden ramp. Temporospatial and kinematic parameters were analyzed.

Results: We observed minimal changes in temporospatial and kinetic parameters in people with controlled DMII with no evidence of peripheral neuropathy. 

Conclusion: Focusing on individuals with controlled DMII allowed us to determine if only the diagnosis of diabetes without peripheral neuropathy influenced gait parameters. Clinicians and researchers should focus their assessments on neuromuscular activation during this stage of the condition, thus preventing complications, such as abnormal gait, that increases the risk for falls.
Samorządy i europeizacja Polski lokalnej
Authors: Bartkowski Jerzy
Published: March 2018

Local self‑governments and Europeanization of local Poland: sociological, pragmatic and axiological aspects
The article discusses the sources of positive attitudes toward the European integration in local communities and among local elites. The economic reasons (European funds) are important, but the socio‑cultural aspects of the support is very significant. The Polish local communities have many reasons to be afraid of the European integration, because of their backwardness, lack of knowledge, low human capital, and introductory negative influence of the europeization on agriculture and local industry. In spite of all of these, local communities and local elites have been supporting the integration since its beginning. The citizens treated this as common cultural advance. Under the new conditions, the local communities experienced revitalization of the local identity. For the local elites the Europeanization means modernization of local governments and their adaptation to new standards of governance. In effect there is broad support for emerging multilevel government in the European Union, perceived as a subsidiary relation within the EU.
Marazm czy wykorzystana szansa?
Authors: Natanek Mirosław
Published: March 2018

Fatigue or fulfilled opportunity? Local communities facing local self‑government policy in light of Poland’s EU membership and decentralisation

The article below is a response to the question about consequences of two milestones of contemporary Polish history to the local communities. These two events of the latest history are significant: 15 years since the territorial reform and introduction of three‑leveled regional authority and the 10th anniversary of Polish membership in the European Union. Based on the researches and replies to the questions of the respondents we are allowed to address an issue not only of potential successes and benefits connected with the mentioned events but also all failures, which create discomfort in existence of local communities in their homeland. The author presents an attitude of citizens of 6 Polish municipalities to the European Union as well as the most important advantages and disadvantages of Polish participation in the structures of the EU (connotations to the EU, satisfaction from drawdown European funds and the matter of introducing common currency to Polish economics). Data from the surveys will be confronted with the perspective of respondents to low public administration, predominantly in municipalities (an ability to absorb EU funds with all the consequences such as debts, decisions consulting, satisfaction from civil service along with the most common pathologies).
Polski eurosceptycyzm w kontekście dylematów teoretycznych i porównawczych
Authors: Zuba Krzysztof
Published: March 2018

Polish Euroscepticism in the context of theoretical and comparative dilemmas The aim of this article is an analysis of two of the most inflammatory issues in the debate over Euroscepticism – the typology of anti‑European attitudes and the main conditioning factors of these attitudes. The first aspect constitutes a certain substitute for a definitional debate, since despite the abundance of studies related to Euroscepticism, such studies contain only trace definitional concepts. In the Polish perspective, the two issues above have been presented in the context of the specificity of Poland’s political scene in the 1990s and early 2000s. This confirms that Euroscepticism is a phenomenon that exceeds the scope of simple generalizations, and is characterized by specific and unique processes occurring on the scale of particular countries. It should be acknowledged that, in Poland, we are dealing with a relatively clear scheme in which Euroscepticism relates almost exclusively to right‑wing parties. This does not mean, however, that it is not also conditioned by factors related to a particular party’s political strategy. The Polish example, therefore, fails to confirm the opposition between the two main conceptions of Euroscepticism – either as determined by ideology or as determined by political strategy.
Euroscepticism in Hungary and Poland: A Comparative Analysis of Jobbik and the Law and Justice Parties
Authors: Lázár Nóra
Published: March 2018

Euroscepticism is one of the most contested concepts within political science discourse; its definitions, classifications and criteria are widespread. Using Szczerbiak & Taggart, Kopecký & Mudde as well as Chris Flood, this essay intends to describe the attitudes of citizens towards the European Union in Hungary and Poland ten years after accession to the EU. Two dominant parties from Central Eastern Europe, which are classified as Eurosceptic according to scientists and experts, represent dissatisfied and even hostile constituencies towards EU engagement within Hungary and Poland. A comparative analysis of the two parties shows their similarities at the national level, yet reveals important differences in terms of ideology as well as their classification of Euroscepticism.
A POÉTICA DOS RESÍDUOS EM QUARTO DE DESPEJO: POR UMA DIETÉTICA DA ESCASSEZ
Authors: Medeiros Jacob Michelle Cristine , Chaves Viviany Moura
Published: March 2018

O escritor Roland Barthes já dizia que a literatura é um monumento por excelência, pois através dela pode-se discutir qualquer coisa. Em verdade a literatura traz possibilidades de estudos para compreender fenômenos ligados à condição humana. A obra Quarto de despejo de Carolina Maria de Jesus foi utilizada neste estudo como objeto de conhecimento, como corpus de pesquisa. Negra e pobre, Carolina se revela através dos seus diários como uma escritora afro-brasileira que enaltece temáticas de caráter social e proibitivo para a época dos anos 60. Nesse sentido, um dos temas mais marcantes e inarredáveis de sua obra é a mazela da fome. Este estudo objetiva compreender o papel da escrita como via para subjetivação e enfrentamento da situação de precariedade alimentar vivenciada pela poetisa. Por meio dos escritos de Carolina, acredita-se que a escrita funciona como mecanismo para produção de uma poética da dignidade no contexto da fome.
DIÁLOGOS POSSÍVEIS: BRASIL E CABO VERDE NO CONTEXTO DA LUSOFONIA
Authors: Junior Valdemar Valente
Published: March 2018

O presente texto tem por objetivo uma abordagem acerca das formas de aproximação entre as literaturas brasileira e cabo-verdiana, tendo em vista o processo de emancipação cultural da antiga colônia portuguesa em África. Diante da necessidade de afirmação dos valores de uma nacionalidade crítica, os escritores cabo-verdianos lançam mão de elementos tomados por empréstimo à literatura brasileira, para efeito da efetivação de um afastamento com relação os postulados da cultura portuguesa. Desse modo, a aproximação com relação ao movimento modernista que tem lugar no Brasil, a partir da obra de escritores como Mário de Andrade, Manuel Bandeira, Ribeiro Couto e Jorge de Lima, entre outros, lhes garante um sentido simbólico de autonomia com relação à metrópole, que os coage a partir de um sistema cultural extremamente opressivo. Diante disso, as manifestações da literatura cabo-verdiana assumem a diretriz de iniciativas que têm origem com a publicação da Revista Claridade (1936), órgão responsável pela tomada de posição que determina um lugar de destaque para o arquipélago, a partir das demais produções literárias africanas no contexto da lusofonia.
LEITURA LITERÁRIA E META-APRENDIZADO: REFLEXÕES E SUBSÍDIOS PARA O ENSINO DE LITERATURA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I
Authors: Machado Rodrigo Corrêa Martins
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado cujo objetivo foi investigar o ensino de Literatura na Educação Básica. No caso presente, a partir da constatação de que poucos são as investigações que se debruçam sobre ensino literário no Ensino Fundamental I, buscamos refletir acerca da importância da formação de leitores desde a infância, bem como da formação de profissionais capacitados para este empreendimento. Desta maneira, analisou-se um questionário aplicado a alunos do quarto período de pedagogia com intuito de investigar o conhecimento prévio dos licenciandos quanto a importância do ensino de literatura. Metodologicamente, este trabalho tem como base principal o conceito de Meta-aprendizado desenvolvido por Norman Jackson (2004). A partir de tal conceito, é possível refletir e  propor um ensino de literatura em que os conhecimentos e desejos dos alunos serão respeitados, contribuindo para que tornem-se sujeitos ativos na construção de seu próprio conhecimento, reconhecendo-os enquanto pessoas distintas que possuem maneiras diferentes de aprender. Ao analisar as respostas ao questionário, foi possível constatar que muitos dos licenciandos possuíam uma visão atrelada à ideia de que a literatura deva ser utilizada como pretexto para o ensino de outros campos do saber, desenvolvimento de habilidades de leitura e escrita, trabalho com gramática, ou gêneros textuais. Entretanto, também encontramos respostas em que a visão de ensino de literatura estaria diretamente vinculada à formação de leitores autônomos, capazes de escolher os seus próprios clássicos e de gerirem a sua própria construção de conhecimento e sentidos.
ENSINAR LITERATURA
Authors: Rodrigues Filho Nelson
Published: March 2018

A perspectiva do ensino de literatura nas presenças de Roland Barthes e Guimarães Rosa. Texto literário e processo pluridiscursivo. Representação, mimese e intertextualidade.
LITERATURA E AFRODESCENDÊNCIA NO BRASIL: CONDIÇÕES E POSSIBILIDADES DE EMERGÊNCIA DE UM NOVO CAMPO DE ESTUDOS
Authors: Zin Rafael Balseiro
Published: March 2018

Os primeiros registros da literatura de autoria negra no Brasil datam do início da segunda metade do século XIX. Contudo, os estudos críticos que tratam dessa importante vertente literária ganharam força no país somente nas últimas três ou quatro décadas. Se, por um lado, a potencialidade criativa dos afro-brasileiros ficou esquecida ou mesmo tenha sido silenciada durante esse período, por outro, ela revela a subjetividade e a sensibilidade artística dessa camada de nossa população, apresentando-se como uma forma potente de reinvenção da vida e de construção de novas realidades. Levando em consideração essa perspectiva, o presente artigo se propõe a analisar, dos pontos de vista estrutural e conjuntural, quais foram as condições e as possibilidades que propiciaram a emergência dos estudos contemporâneos que tratam da relação entre literatura e afrodescendência no Brasil.
ITINERÁRIOS DO ENSINO DAS LITERATURAS AFRICANAS DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Lima Norma
Published: March 2018

Com a finalidade de compreender o atual quadro do ensino das Literaturas Africanas de Língua Portuguesa, foi traçada a sua trajetória a partir das primeiras instituições que o realizaram, no Brasil e em Portugal. Além disso, há o exame da complexa relação que envolve tornar escritos literários em disciplina, na análise das questões  ideológicas que envolvem hegemonia e currículo, com Nilma Lino Gomes e Laura Cavalcante Padilha. O espaço e o não espaço para estas produções também estão dispostos, coadunados com a Lei 10.639/2003
A LITERATURA E AS PRÁTICAS DOCENTES: UM UNIVERSO A SER EXPLORADO
Authors: Pedersen Simone Alves , Tortella Jussara Cristina Barboza
Published: March 2018

Muito tem sido discutido sobre a importância da leitura, o baixo rendimento apresentado por estudantes brasileiros, e a literatura infantojuvenil (LIJ) como possibilidade de mudança dessa realidade. A Teoria Social Cognitiva (TSC), explica as dimensões psicológicas da aprendizagem, com base na tríade: homem, ambiente e comportamento. Esse artigo aborda uma pesquisa-ação com um grupo de 12 professoras e 4 coordenadoras. Apresentaram-se estratégias de autorregulação da leitura que foram aplicadas em sala de aula pelas participantes. Após um ano, 3 professoras foram entrevistadas novamente. Resultados indicaram que houve mudanças nas práticas docentes das participantes, e um novo olhar em relação a seleção de obras literárias, que resultaram em maior compreensão leitora dos alunos, engajamento nas aulas e protagonismo em sua aprendizagem.
Patient-reported mobility function and engagement in young adults with cerebral palsy: A cross-sectional sample
Authors: Lennon N. , Church C. , Miller F.
Published: March 2018

Purpose

To describe self-reported life satisfaction and motor function of young adults with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods

A total of 57 young adults with spastic CP classified as levels I (seven), II (25), III (16), IV (nine) by the Gross Motor Function Classification System, followed from childhood by our CP clinic, returned at a mean age of 27 years two months (SD 3 years 4 months). Self-reported life satisfaction and mobility status were measured by the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), Functional Mobility Scale (FMS) and a project questionnaire. Surgical history and childhood mobility were confirmed from medical records.

Results

The Functional Mobility Scale demonstrated limited but stable mobility function from childhood to adulthood. The PROMIS and PODCI revealed limited motor function compared with a non-disabled normative reference (p < 0.05). Descriptive results showed high dependence on transportation, housing and income; although PROMIS subscales revealed satisfaction with social activities. Self-recall of childhood mobility function using the FMS correlated highly (r = 0.8; p < 0.0001) with historical records.

Conclusion

Although functional mobility is limited and community independence is not fully achieved in young adults with CP, these participants maintained childhood levels of mobility function into young adulthood, were satisfied with social roles and had minimal reports of pain.

Level of Evidence Level III
A rare oesophageal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour treated by endoscopy
Authors: Fang ZY , Huang HX , Lu C , Zhou XX , Ji F , Yu CH , Li YM
Published: March 2018

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is a mesenchymal neoplasm that mostly involves the lung and rarely involves the oesophagus. Surgery has been most commonly used for the treatment of oesophageal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours but there are no definite guidelines for their diagnosis and treatment. We describe the case of a 60-year-old woman presenting with dysphagia and poor appetite who was diagnosed with a submucosal oesophageal tumour by contrast enhanced computed tomography and ultrasonography endoscopy. She was treated successfully by endoscopic submucosal dissection with no complications. The final diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.
Updating the Gender Recognition Act: trans oppression, moral panics and implications for social work
Authors: Miles Laura
Published: March 2018

A government review of transgender rights and subsequent proposals to amend legislation has generated debates about transgender people’s rights and women’s rights that raise fundamental questions about transphobia and sex, gender, and gender identity. These have implications for social workers and service users.
The Coimbra Jesuit Aristotelian Course
Authors: Carvalho Mário Santiago de
Published: March 2018

Entre 1592 e 1606, quatro professores jesuítas do Colégio de Coimbra publicaram um curso de Filosofia Aristotélica, conhecido pelo título Commentarii Collegii Conimbricensis Societatis Jesu. Dado o seu valor intrínseco, ele acabou por conhecer uma influência global: do Atlântico aos Urales, ao Extremo Oriente e à América Latina. Também alguns eminentes filósofos (e. g., Descartes ou Peirce) foram leitores da obra de Coimbra, mas, decorrente das inúmeras edições que o comentário de Coimbra conheceu no estrangeiro, a sua avassaladora presença nas bibliotecas universitárias europeias determinou o estudo da Filosofia por parte de milhares de estudantes. Escrita numa linguagem acessível, a presente monografia visa dar uma perspetiva atualizada, sistemática e rigorosa dos principais temas abordados no comentário conimbricense — lógica, física, psicologia, ética e metafísica —, pela primeira vez apresentada como «uma exposição da ciência filosófica sob forma sistemática, dedutiva e disputacional».
Investigation of future expectations of high school students according to some variables
Lise öğrencilerinin gelecek beklentilerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi
Authors: Tuncer Murat , Bahadır Ferdi
Published: March 2018

In this study, it is aimed to investigate the future expectations of high school students according to some variables. In this study, high school students who were studying in a district of Erzincan province were selected as the sample and the adult expectancy scale was used as data collection tool. As a result of the evaluation of the findings by comparing the dependent variable with various independent variables, a significant difference in opinion was found in the "religion and society" and "health and life" sub-dimensions according to sex.From the perspective of the high school where education is conducted, only the "religious and community" sub-dimension has a significant difference in opinion. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was observed that the highest correlation is between the "Work and Education" subscale in terms of Adolescent Future Expectancy scale. However, there was no significant correlation between general of the scale and the achievement averages of the students. Future expectations are both psychological and influential variable. It is thought that this psychological characteristic can be taken into consideration in labor planning.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmada lise öğrencilerinin gelecek beklentilerinin bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Erzincan iline bağlı bir ilçede öğrenim görmekte olan lise öğrencilerinin örneklem olarak seçildiği bu çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak ergen gelecek beklentileri ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bağımlı değişkenin çeşitli bağımsız değişkenler açısından karşılaştırılarak bulguların değerlendirilmesi sonucunda cinsiyete göre “din ve toplum” ve “sağlık ve yaşam” alt boyutlarında anlamlı düzeyde görüş farkı belirlenmiştir. Öğrenim görülen lise açısından ise ölçeğin yalnızca “din ve toplum” alt boyutunda anlamlı düzeyde görüş farkı belirlenmiştir. korelasyon analizi sonucunda Ergen Gelecek Beklentileri ölçeği açısından en yüksek korelasyonun “İş ve Eğitim” alt boyutu arasında olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bunun yanında ölçeğin geneli ile öğrencilerin başarı ortalamaları arasında anlamlı düzeyde bir korelasyon saptanamamıştır. Gelecek beklentilerin hem etkileyen hem de etkilenen psikolojik bir değişkendir. İşgücü planlamalarında bu psikolojik özelliğini dikkate alınabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Pertumbuhan Kelinci (Lepus spp.) Setelah Pemasangan Implan Stainless Steel AISI 316L
Authors: Wicaksono Wisnu Adi , Tana Silvana , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun
Published: March 2018

A lot of accidents can cause fractures/cracks, especially in the thigh bone. Bone fractures/cracks can be overcome through implants installation (implantation) particularly on the part of the femur. A test take the implant integration process about 4-6 week. Research on animals is performed the rabbit (Lepus spp.) implantation of stainless steel AISI 316L. The implantationof stainless steel AISI 316L implant was on the right femur between thigh bone and sceletal muscle, that was observed for 1,5 months. Parameters observed in this research were body weight gain, feed consumption, conversion of feed, and drinking consumption. Test used is t two test samples independent two sides with take samples 5 control and 5 treatment stainless steel AISI 316L. The results show the stainless steel AISI 316L implantsignificant differences body weight gain, feed consumption, and drinking consumption,but no significant different feed conversion. The conclusion is an implant stainless steel AISI 316L influence body weight gain rabbits after implantation for 1.5 months. Keywords: Rabbit, stainless steel AISI 316L, growth, body weight
Eksplorasi Mikroba Penghasil Enzim-enzim Hidrolitik Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Rahmiati Rahmiati , Pujianto Sri , Kusdiyantini Endang
Published: March 2018

Lore Lindu National Park (TNLL) is an area that  flora, fauna and microbes, the diversity of microbes producing hydrolytic enzyme. explore the hydrolytic enzyme producing microbes in Indonesia. This study was aimed to obtain bacterial isolates were able to produce hydrolytic enzyme and characteristics. Isolation in the microbiology laboratory. Isolation  by a spread plate. Isolates in the selection hydrolytic enzyme producing selective media. Measurement of the activity of the enzyme with hydrolytic index. The results  were thirteen isolates clearing zone test , 2 protease enzyme bacterial isolates, 1 lipase enzyme bacterial isolates, 6 amylase enzyme bacterial isolates, while 4  cellulase enzyme bacterial isolates. Examination of Amylase enzyme activity was done using DNS method. L10T3 showed that the bacterial isolate optimum activity at pH 7 and at a temperature of 300C with an activity of 0.040 U / mL and 0.029 U / mL. Key word: Lore Lindu National Park, hydrolytic enzyme. isolation of bacteria
Rasio Otot-Tulang Pectoralis Berbagai Jenis Itik Lokal di Jawa Tengah
Authors: Savitri Ajeng Fatria , Wachidah Yuniwarti Enny Yusuf , Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: March 2018

Local ducks farm businesses potentially developed as the meat producer, which was expected to fit and complete the nutrition for society. The provision of excellent meat quality was one of the main goals that integrated with the development of animal husbandary. The quality and quantity of meat on the carcass could be seen as one of the indicators of ducks productivity. The study about the influence of various types of ducks to pectoralis meat bone ratio as the component of commercial carcass had to be done to find out about the quality and genetics potentials of every ducks type in order to improve the quality of food. This study aimed to analyze the influence of various types of ducks in Central Java, such as Pengging duck, Tegal duck, and Magelang duck to the carcass quality evaluated from the value of pectoralis meat bone ratio. The ducks used in the study were 6 months. The types of ducks were used as comparison. Samples were taken from the three types of local ducks and the repetition was done six times for each type of ducks. The measured variables were live weight, pectoralis weight, pectoralis percentage, meat bone percentage, and meat bone ratio. The data were analyzed using ANOVA. Real different datas were analyzed by further testing Least Significant Difference Test (LSDT) at the level of 95%. The results showed that various types of local ducks did not significantly affect the value of the pectoralis meat bone ratio, therefore it could be concluded that various local ducks did not affect on pectoralis meat bone ratio. Keywords: Local ducks in Central Java, carcass, pectoralis meat bone ratio.
Masa Inkubasi Gejala Penyakit Hawar Daun Tanaman Kentang yang Diinduksi Ketahanannya oleh Jamur Antagonis Trichoderma viride
Authors: Purwantisari Susiana , Priyatmojo Achmadi , Sancayaningsih Retno Peni , Kasiamdari Rina Sri
Published: March 2018

Late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans, is probably the single most important disease of potatoes worldwide. Infected plants were quickly killed and were difficult for replanting, causing significant losses for the growers. Various control methods were examined including the use of biocontrol agents of Trichoderma spp.  The biocontrol potential of Trichoderma viride against potato late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, were studied  under greenhouse conditions. The research objective was to determine the ability of biocontrol agents Trichoderma viride to delay late blight disease incidence on potato plants in the field. The in vivo experiment was carried out at potato land area located at BALITSA in Cikole Sub District, Lembang District and Bandung Regency. Completely Randomized Design was used with six treatment and five replicates. The treatment tested consist of control (without pathogen fungal and antagonists fungus application too), control (with pathogen fungal application and without antagonist fungal application), chemical fungicide application, antagonist fungal application 2 weeks before planting, application 1 week after planting and both application 2 weeks before and 1 week after planting. Result of the research showed that application of antagonists fungal could delay disease intensity until 14 days. These antagonist could be used as biological agents initials to control leaf blight disease. Key words: Biological control, Potato late blight, Phytophthora infestans, Trichoderma viride
Optimasi Produksi Inulinase oleh Khamir Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015 pada Tepung Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Willd.) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi K2HPO4 dan Waktu Inkubasi
Authors: Amedia Inggrit , Wijanarka Wijanarka , Purwantisari Susiana
Published: March 2018

Sugar national supply more and more decreases and can not meet the market needs. The research has been done to find alternative natural sweeteners including inulin from dahlia tubers (D. variabilis Willd). Dahlia tuber can produce 95% of yield of fructose syrup in an enzimatic reaction by inulinase (E.C.3.2.1.7). Inulinase is inductive enzyme that can be produce by P. manshurica. The production of fructose needs to be optimized to get optimum product. The optimization can be done by modifying the nutrient content in the medium such as K2HPO4 and variation of incubation time. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of K2HPO4 and optimum incubation time for P. manshurica. This research was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Mathematics Undip. The examined variable is the growth of yeast cell, inulinase activity, invertase, and the I/S ratio. This research was conducted experimentally using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) factorial pattern with 2 factors, the first factor was the concentration of K2HPO4 (P), with concentration  level (g/L) of 0.5 (P1), 1.0 (P2), and 1.5 (P3). The second factor was incubation time (W) with 12 hours (W12), 18 hours (W18), and 24 hours (W24). Every treatment was repeated three times. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA. If there was a treatment effect, it will be continued with Duncan test on 5% significance level. The result of analysis show that the highest cell growth and the maximum production of inulinase enzyme was in P3W24 occurs in P3W24 (K2HPO4 1.5 g/L and 24 hours incubation time) treatment at 0.428 IU, but efficient in P1W12 treatment as much as 0.365 IU. Keywords: Dahlia variabilis Willd., Inulinase, K2HPO4, Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015, incubation time
Bobot, Indeks Kuning Telur (IKT), Dan Haugh Unit (Hu) Telur Ayam Ras Setelah Perlakuan Dengan Pembungkusan Pasta Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb).
Authors: Putri Dyah Ayu Maharani , Djaelani Muhammad Anwar , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun
Published: March 2018

Eggs are farm products that provide the greatest contribution to the achievement of community nutritional adequacy. The aims of the research was to an analyzed the quality of eggs in treatment without and with a temulawak rhizome pasta stored at 6,12, and 24 days. This research used  35 eggs consists of 7 treatment and 5 replication, namely PtT0 : as control, a group of eggs without packing temulawak rhizome pasta and without storage, PtT6 : a group of eggs without packing temulawak rhizome pasta after 6 days storage, PdT6 : a group of eggs with packing temulawak rhizome pasta after 6 days storage, PtT12 : a group of eggs without packing temulawak rhizome pasta after 12 days storage, PdT12 : a group of eggs with packing temulawak rhizome pasta after 12 days storage, PtT24 : a group of eggs without packing temulawak rhizome pasta after 24 days storage, and PdT24 : a group of eggs with packing temulawak rhizome pasta after 24 days storage. This research was analyzed used a completely randomized design (CRD). Variables measured were egg weight, yolk indeks, and Haugh Unit (HU). Data obtained from this study were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) if there is a real difference then continued further test using Duncan test at the level 95 %. The result  egg weight reducted and yolk index shows was significantly different in PtT6, PtT12, PtT24, and PdT24 and Haugh Unit (HU) shows was significantly different in PtT6, PtT12, PtT24. Conclusion of this research is gived temulawak rhizome pasta are able to maintain the quality of eggs were observed on days 6, 12, and 24. Key Word : Chicken egg,  Temulawak rhizome, Egg quality
Struktur Komunitas Capung di Kawasan Wisata Curug Lawe Benowo Ungaran Barat
Authors: Herlambang Alamsyah Elang Nusa , Hadi Mochamad , Tarwotjo Udi
Published: March 2018

Dragonflies have an important role for the stability of the ecosystem that is as predator and prey at the same time. The availability of food resources and optimal environmental conditions affect the species richness of dragonflies in the habitats. Reasearch on dragonfly comunity structure aims to find out the differences of community structure in each habitat type in the region of Curug Lawe Benowo. The research was conductet in 4 different stations which focus on species of dragonfly, amount of an individual species, habitats, environmental conditions, and the corellation between the variables. The method used is point count. The results showed that there are 19 dragonfly species which came from 7 different Family. The total number of individuals encountered from 4 stations is 205. The common species that can be found in all of the stations is Euphaea variegata. The level of diversity are medium, the level of evenness is fairly even. Similarity of species in any habitat types indicate that the habitats has a three kind of similarity levels that is fairly equal, less equal and not equal. Data analysis shows that there is a corellations between environmental conditions, and dragonfly species, affecting abundance and distributions of a dragonfly in the habitats, and can be used to describe dragonflies community structure in the region. Key words: Community structure, dragonfly, Curug Lawe-Benowo
Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda Tanah di Lahan Penambangan Galian C Rowosari, Kecamatan Tembalang, Semarang
Authors: Larasati Wiatri , Rahadian Rully , Hadi Mochamad
Published: March 2018

Rowosari miningsite isthe ‘C’ type of excavation area in Semarang. Mining activities may affect environmental disturbance, including on soil fauna. This research aims to determine the community structure of soil microarthropods in Rowosari mining area. The research was conducted in August-September 2015. Soil samples were taken on diagonal plot of 5x5 m2 with a five-point sampling on two stations, namely Post Mining Area (PoMA) and Pre Mining Area (PeMA). The analysis used in the research are relative abundance index, Shannon-Weiner diversity index, evenness index, and Sorensen similarity index. The results shows that there are 360-660 individuals/m2 from 10 ordo and 24 taxa found in Rowosari Excavation Site. The highest relative abundance index is Carabidae (22,22) in PoMA station and Prostigmata (21,21) in PeMA station. The diversity both station belongs to medium category (2,43-2,45). The highest evenness index is 0,95. The similarity taxa of soil microarthropods in two stations are categorized as medium. Community structure of soil microathropods in Post Mining Area and Pre Mining Areawere no significant differences. Keywords: Community structure, Soil microarthropods, Miningexcavation C.
Isolasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Kitinase Isolat Bakteri Dari Kawasan Geotermal Dieng
Authors: Nafisah Hidayatun , Pujiyanto Sri , Raharjo Budi
Published: March 2018

Chitinase (EC.3.2.2.14) is an enzyme which can degradatechitin became N-acetilglucosamin. Chitinase has many benefits made the demand of it increases. High demands spur its availability in large quantities, cheap, fast production, resistant to any physical factor and chemical environment. Rapid and resistant enzyme production to environment factor can be obtained using chitinolitic bacteria of Geothermal Dieng. The utilization of chitin as bacterial growth substrate from waste of shell crab can be done considering high prices of commercial chitin on the market. The purpose of the research is to get the isolate of termoleranchitinolitic of watery mud in Geothermal Dieng and to know the character of the chosen isolate producing highest chinitase activity type of chitin source treatment and pH of media production. The research is done by growing the chitinolitic in the room temperature for 14 days. The experimental design used in this study is a complete randomized design of factorial pattern (two factors). The first factor is the type of chitin source that includes commercial chitin and chitin crab kits. The second factor is the pH of liquid chitin media for the production of enzymes, ie pH 6, 7 and 8.Chitinase activity is tested by measuring the result of sugar reduction. Obtained data is analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Result of isolation and selection is obtained one potential isolate, KSR 121. The isolate produce 1,4 cm of chitinolitic index after 96 hour incubation. Result of statistical test show both citin source type, pH of media production treatment and interaction were not significantly different (P˃0,05). KSR 121 isolate experience the highest growth of crab chitin treatment pH 8 (K2P3) with 6 hour incubation, whereas highest kinitase activity happen on crab chitin treatment pH 7 (K2P2) with 24 incubation, in amount of 0,125 (U/mL). Key words: N-acetil glucosamin, chtinase activity, chitinase, chitin, chitinolitic bacteria, isolation
Struktur Komunitas Odonata di Kawasan Wana Wisata Curug Semirang Kecamatan Ungaran Barat, Semarang
Authors: Irawan Frendi , Hadi Mochamad , Tarwotjo Udi
Published: March 2018

Dragonflies role as a predator in an ecosystem and become a healthy aquatic bio-indicators related to the life cycle. The diversity of habitat, food and predators affect community structure dragonfly. This study aims to determine the composition and community structure dragonfly morning and afternoon as well as the relationship with the physical environmental factors on four habitat in Semirang waterfall. Research using transect Point Count method. Statistically, the biodiversity of odonata in each habitat is significantly different. The results shows there are 15 species from 10 Family in morning observations and 12 species of 6 Family in afternoon observations, with a total of 17 species of 10 family of odonata. Biodiversity in each station is low to moderately with high evenness. The highest abundance found in river habitat without the canopy during the afternoon that Vestalis luctuosa (61.29%), while the lowest abundance found in the the canopied river habitat when afternoon that is Drepanosticta spatulifera (1.33%). Common species at area of Semirang waterfall are Euphaea variegata, Orthetrum sabina and Vestalis luctuosa. Endemic species at area of Semirang waterfall are Heliocypha fenestrata, Drepanosticta spatulifera and D. sundana. Key words : Community structure, Odonata, Semirang waterfall
Does the effect of enjoyment outweigh that of anxiety in foreign language performance?
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc , Alfawzan Mateb
Published: March 2018

Interest in the effect of positive and negative emotions in foreign language acquisition has soared recently because of the positive psychology movement (Dewaele & MacIntyre, 2014, 2016; MacIntyre, Gregersen & Mercer, 2016). No work so far has been carried out on the differential effect of positive and negative emotions on foreign language performance. The current study investigates the effect of foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) on foreign language performance in a group of 189 foreign language pupils in two London secondary schools and a group of 152 Saudi English as a foreign language learners and users of English in Saudi Arabia. Correlation analyses showed that the positive effect of FLE on performance was stronger than the negative effect of FLCA. In other words, FLE seems to matter slightly more than FLCA in foreign language (FL) performance. Qualitative material collected from the Saudi participants shed light on the causes of FLCA and FLE and how these shaped participants’ decisions to pursue or abandon the study of the FL.
Love and enjoyment in context: Four case studies of adolescent EFL learners
Authors: Pavelescu Liana Maria , Petrić Bojana
Published: March 2018

This study explores the foreign language learning emotions of four EFL adolescent students in Romania and the ways in which their emotions emerge in their sociocultural context. Multiple qualitative methods were employed over a school semester, including a written task, semi-structured interviews with the learners and their teachers, lesson observations and English-related events outside the classroom. It was found that, while all four participants reported experiencing positive emotions in language learning, a distinction was identified in the intensity and stability of their emotions. Two participants expressed a strong and stable emotion of love towards English, while the other two participants experienced enjoyment in their English language learning without an intense emotional attachment to English. Unlike enjoyment, love was found to be the driving force in the learning process, creating effective coping mechanisms when there was a lack of enjoyment in certain classroom situations and motivating learners to invest greater effort into language learning in and out of the classroom. The findings thus revealed that, unlike enjoyment, love broadened cognition and maintained engagement in learning. The study emphasizes the role of strong, enduring positive emotions in teenage students’ language learning process.
Enjoyment and anxiety in second language communication: An idiodynamic approach
Authors: Boudreau Carmen , MacIntyre Peter D. , Dewaele Jean-Marc
Published: March 2018

Emotions are a fleeting experience, sometimes lasting only moments before dissipating. Prior research in SLA has either ignored emotions, underestimated their relevance, or has studied them as a relatively stable individual difference variable. In contrast, the present study takes an idiodynamic approach to examine the rapidly changing relationship between enjoyment and anxiety in second language communication, on a moment-to-moment timescale. University students who speak French as a second language were recruited to complete oral tasks in their second language. Participants then rated their per-second fluctuations in each emotion while watching a video recording of their tasks. Immediately after this, they were interviewed about their attributions for fluctuations in their ratings. We found that the relationship between enjoyment and anxiety is highly dynamic, resulting in varying patterns of correlation ranging from negative to positive. Triangulation of ratings of anxiety and enjoyment with interview data produces a richer understanding of the role of emotions in second language communication.
Introduction to Diophantine Approximation. Part II
Authors: Watase Yasushige
Published: March 2018

In the article we present in the Mizar system [1], [2] the formalized proofs for Hurwitz’ theorem [4, 1891] and Minkowski’s theorem [5]. Both theorems are well explained as a basic result of the theory of Diophantine approximations appeared in [3], [6]. A formal proof of Dirichlet’s theorem, namely an inequation |θ−y/x| ≤ 1/x2 has infinitely many integer solutions (x, y) where θ is an irrational number, was given in [8]. A finer approximation is given by Hurwitz’ theorem: |θ− y/x|≤ 1/√5x2. Minkowski’s theorem concerns an inequation of a product of non-homogeneous binary linear forms such that |a1x + b1y + c1| · |a2x + b2y + c2| ≤ ∆/4 where ∆ = |a1b2 − a2b1| ≠ 0, has at least one integer solution.
The Matiyasevich Theorem. Preliminaries
Authors: Pak Karol
Published: March 2018

In this article, we prove selected properties of Pell’s equation that are essential to finally prove the Diophantine property of two equations. These equations are explored in the proof of Matiyasevich’s negative solution of Hilbert’s tenth problem.
A Dual-Mode Microwave Applicator for Liver Tumor Thermotherapy
Authors: Reimann Carolin , Schüßler Martin , Jakoby Rolf , Bazrafshan Babak , Hübner Frank , Vogl Thomas
Published: March 2018

The concept of a novel dual-mode microwave applicator for diagnosis and thermal ablation treatment of tumorous tissue is presented in this paper. This approach is realized by integrating a planar resonator array to, firstly, detect abnormalities by a relative dielectric analysis, and secondly, perform a highly localized thermal ablation. A further essential advantage is addressed by designing the applicator to be MRI compatible to provide a multimodal imaging procedure. Investigations for an appropriate frequency range lead to the use of much higher operating frequencies between 5 GHz and 10 GHz, providing a significantly lower power consumption for microwave ablation of only 20 W compared to commercial available applicators.