bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal dynamics of water spread areas and vegetation health in the lower Vaigai sub-basin: A multi-sensor analysis using Sentinel-1A SAR and Sentinel-2A MSI (2018-2023)
Authors: Harshavardhan P M , Sivamurugan A P , Pazhanivelan S , Ragunath K P , Suganthi A
Published: November 2024

A spatiotemporal analysis of water spread areas in tanks within the lower Vaigai sub-basin was performed using Sentinel-1A SAR imagery from 2018 to 2023. The analysis revealed a mean water spread area of 275.29 ha, with the highest being 628.29 ha in summer 2023 and the lowest at 5.55 ha in summer 2018. This was influenced by a total rainfall of 5777.06 mm, with an average of 879.14 mm annually. NDVI data from Sentinel-2 categorized crop health across 74.5 thousand ha, showing high no vegetation (20-45 %) and sparse vegetation (24-33 %) during the Kharif season. The Rabi season exhibited improved conditions, with moderate vegetation peaking at 40 % in 2020, while summer consistently showed crop stress with minimal good vegetation (up to 5 %). Given the arid conditions and dependence on irrigation tanks, the study underscores the importance of water availability for crop growth in lower Vaigai sub basin. In this investigation, the identification of poor crop performance during the Kharif and summer seasons can guide researchers and administrators to increase efforts on introduce drought-resistant crops, adjust planting schedules or implement supplemental irrigation over this region. Additionally, the insights gained from the present investigation on water spread dynamics in tanks recommend the development of climate-smart agricultural practices, including water-saving irrigation techniques and hydrological modelling, to enhance resilience. The results can further support government interventions, such as improving tank rehabilitation programs, which are crucial for ensuring sustainable crop production and food security in the Lower Vaigai sub-basin.
A Review on the Genus Isachne R. Br. (Poaceae) - Taxonomic evaluation and recent updates for the species from Kerala, India
Authors: V S Anil Kumar  , Dhanya Lekshmi P A
Published: November 2024

The genus Isachne includes grasses which are found particularly in wetlands. Most of the species included in the genus are either endemic or rare, one of the exception being Isachne globosa, which is found in almost all regions from where the other species have been reported. Their rarity and diminutive florets make it difficult for taxonomists to identify, collect, distinguish and microscopically study them. The most available grass I. globosa can be used as a representative species and is well flourished in regions where they grow. Also, it shows intraspecific variations, which again makes taxonomists hard to distinguish the species. Recently I. henryi reported in 1988 has been shown to be a variation of I. globosa. No taxonomic studies or revisions have been carried out in this genus so far. The present study targets review of the genus which also highlights observations of the present researchers. An extensive study of the genus is recommended to unwind the existing taxonomic ambiguities.
Two new synonyms in Indo-Burmese Litsea (Lauraceae)
Authors: Chakrabarty Tapas , Kumar Anand , Ghoshal Partha Pratim
Published: November 2024

Litsea chartacea (Wall. ex Nees) Hook.f. and L. laeta (Wall. ex Nees) Trimen are conspecific and therefore these two species are united herein. Likewise, L. meghalayensis R.Kr. Singh is reduced to a synonym of L. hookeri (Meisn.) D.G. Long.
Wzorzec gatunkowy instrukcji gry planszowej
Authors: Zielińska-Nowak Kamila
Published: November 2024

Artykuł przedstawia wzorzec gatunkowy współczesnej instrukcji gry planszowej, uwzględniając również teksty dawniejsze. Materiał badawczy obejmuje 100 instrukcji wydanych od 1861 do 2021 roku. Wykorzystano metody analizy genologicznej, stylistycznej i kulturowej, podkreślając istotną rolę kontekstu sytuacyjnego z uwagi na charakter użytkowy instrukcji. Rozpatrzono cztery aspekty tekstu: strukturalny, poznawczy, pragmatyczny i stylistyczny, składające się, zdaniem Marii Wojtak, na wzorzec gatunkowy. Wykazano, że istnieje wzorzec gatunkowy instrukcji do gier planszowych, który wyróżnia takie teksty spośród innych o charakterze poradnikowym w odmianie instruktażowej. Dowiedziono, że pomimo wpisanego w grę (i podstawowego dla niej) aspektu ludycznego najważniejszym celem instrukcji jest wyjaśnienie zasad gry. Wszystkie elementy – czy to tekstowe, czy wizualne – podporządkowuje się charakterowi użytkowemu tekstu. Instrukcja służy graczowi do szybkiego zrozumienia mechanizmów gry. Z tego powodu wykorzystuje się środki skracające instrukcje, ilustracje mają zaś przede wszystkim wizualizować tekst. Wyróżnienia i struktura pomagają odnaleźć najistotniejsze informacje, a styl nie utrudnia lektury. Nadawca zazwyczaj pełni rolę nauczyciela, natomiast odbiorca laika, który chce nauczyć się gry. Twórca instrukcji często skraca dystans za pomocą form drugoosobowych i trybu rozkazującego.
Türkiye Tarım-Gıda Değer Zincir Analizi: Sebze ve Meyve Sektörü
Authors: Altun Elif , Öztürk Murat
Published: November 2024

Bu Tarım-gıda ürünlerinin fiyatlarındaki dalgalanmalar, gıda enflasyonu ve gıda güvenliği son yıllarda giderek öne çıkan, tüm insanlığı ilgilendiren önemli bir sorundur. Tarım ve gıda tüm ülkeler için pek çok bakımdan stratejik öneme sahiptir. 2019 yılında meydana gelen Covid-19 salgını da gıda tedarik zincirlerinin olası şoklar karşısında kırılgan yönlerini ortaya koymuştur. Tarım-gıda üretimi sürdürülebilirlik, gıda ve iklim krizleri, yetersiz beslenme, açlık ve doğal kaynak arzının azalması ile yakından ilgilidir. Ek olarak sosyal, ekonomik ve çevresel faktörleri içinde barındıran çok yönlü konularla ilişkili araştırmaların gündeminde yer almaktadır. Bu çerçevede öne çıkan yaklaşımlardan biri de sistemi bütüncül olarak analiz etmeye olanak sağlayan tarım-gıda tedarik ve değer zincirleri araştırmalarıdır. Bu çalışma, mevcut tarım-gıda sisteminin durumunu analiz ederek yetersizliklerini ve dönüştürülmesi ihtiyacını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Türkiye için meyve-sebze sektörü, yerel ve ulusal tarım gıda değer zinciri kapsamında karşılaştırmalı analiz edilerek, alternatif olarak kısa/yerel tarım gıda zincirinin çözüm yollarından biri olabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye’de sebze ve meyve sektörünün en önemli sorunlarının girdi maliyetlerindeki artış, uzun zincirdeki depolama ve nakliye maliyetlerinin yüksekliği (özellikle meyve ve sebze), ürün kayıpları ve üreticilerin örgütlenme eksikliği olduğu görülmüştür. Kısa/yerel tarım-gıda değer zinciri üreticilerin gelirinin artmasına yarar sağlayarak tüketiciye yansıyan fiyatın düşmesinde çözüm yollarından biri olarak görülmektedir.
Exploring the effects of culture conditions on Yapsin (YPS) gene expression in Nakaseomyces glabratus
Authors: Bednarek Aneta , Kabut Agnieszka , Rapala-Kozik Maria , Satala Dorota
Published: November 2024

Nakaseomyces glabratus, previously known as Candida glabrata, has the great potential to cause systemic fungal infections despite its similarity to baker’s yeast. Its pathogenicity is attributed to the production of numerous virulence factors, among which the YPS genes (YPS1–YPS11) encoding aspartyl proteases have yet to be sufficiently characterized, and limited studies suggest their involvement in cellular homeostasis. The study’s novelty is an investigation of the role of YPS in N. glabratus’s ability to adapt to different host environments. For this purpose, we isolated RNA from N. glabratus cells grown in both host niche-mimicking culture media, such as artificial saliva (AS) and vagina-simulating media (VS), as well as standard yeast media (RPMI 1640 and YPDA). We then performed quantitative real-time PCR to evaluate YPS gene expression at different growth phases. At the early logarithmic phase, we observed a general increase in the expression levels of YPS genes; however, at the stationary phase, high expression levels were maintained for YPS7 in RPMI 1640 and YPDA media and YPS6 in RPMI 1640 and AS media. In addition, although the VS medium does not promote the proliferation of N. glabratus, the yeast can survive in an acidic environment, and the significantly overexpressed gene is YPS7. These findings underscore the significant modulation of N. glabratus YPS gene expression in response to external environmental conditions. This research provides insights into the molecular basis of N. glabratus pathogenicity and highlights new potential targets for antifungal therapy.
Interactive ethics teaching for students of chemistry
Authors: Hay Alastair W.M.
Published: November 2024

Choosing an approach is a regular occurrence for chemists, be it for a new synthesis, a change in production, or out of financial necessity. Arriving at a decision which is right for the individual means weighing up options, even making ethical decisions. The interactive teaching approaches described here involve student chemists making choices in situations they may encounter. The goal is not to instruct chemistry students on what is right or wrong but to encourage them to debate issues and to reach a conclusion which they consider to be ethical. Two teaching approaches are described which are adaptable for many different scenarios; the scenarios were developed to encourage discussion about dual-use issues, issues in which chemicals can be used for good or ill. In the first exercise chemists are invited to make a drug using a simple chemical process and answer a range of questions. This is followed by role play to determine if the chemist might sell the drug to profit from it. A further exercise, using a jigsaw technique, with greater opportunity for discussion is also described. More actors, with different agendas, are introduced into the discussion and student chemists explore circumstances they may be in, make decisions and justify choices. Group discussions enable educators to discuss ethical dilemmas.
Preparation of strong, tough and highly ion-conductive nanocellulose hydrogels based on freeze–thaw cycles: performance evaluation under different freezing temperatures
Authors: Yu Kejin , Yang Lina , Zhang Siyu , Zhang Ning , Wang Shengnan , Zhang Guangchen , Liu He
Published: November 2024

Rapid and effective preparation of hydrogels with excellent properties by cyclic freezing–thawing has remained an enormous challenge as hydrogels prepared using traditional freeze–thaw methods demonstrate poor, unstable and unalterable mechanical properties. In this study, an innovative method was introduced to develop a nanocellulose hydrogel with excellent properties via cyclic freezing–thawing and ionic cross-linking, and various methods were used to characterise the structure and properties of the hydrogel. The results showed that hydrogen and ester bonds existed in the soy hull nanocellulose–sodium alginate–calcium chloride (SHNC/SA/Ca2+) hydrogel and that the internal structure of the hydrogel changed from a lamellar to three-dimensional network structure owing to low temperature, increasing the cross-linking density of SHNC and SA and enhancing the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. Meanwhile, the SHNC/SA/Ca2+-4 hydrogel demonstrated excellent elongation (804 %), viscoelasticity (storage modulus = 89.6 kPa), mechanical strength (tensile strength = 0.59 MPa, compressive strength = 1.52 MPa), ionic conductivity (3.84 S/m), transparency (54 %), anti-ultraviolet properties and fatigue resistance. The simple preparation process, excellent performance and three-dimensional porous network structure of the nanocellulose hydrogel offer broad application prospects in many fields.
Effect of beeswax on the physico-mechanical properties of poly (butylene adipate terephthalate)/poly lactic acid blend films
Authors: Rajoriya Naman , Upadhyay Sattyam , Pradhan Parameswar , Padhi Pratap Chandra , Mohanty Shyama Prasad
Published: November 2024

Conventional plastics derived from petroleum resources have dominated the packaging sector. However, the use of such plastics has resulted in environmental issues. Research on development of biodegradable plastics has gained momentum. In the present work, eco-sustainable poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT)/poly lactic acid (PLA) blend films have been developed with beeswax as an additive. Films have been made by blending biopolymers PBAT with PLA. Beeswax, as an additive has the ability to enhance the water vapour and oxygen barrier properties films. Beeswax content has been varied in the films (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt.%). The prepared films have been characterized for their mechanical (tensile testing), water absorption, morphological and biodegradation behavior. Maximum tensile strength has been observed for film containing 1 wt.% of beeswax. Water absorption of the films has been lowered by addition of beeswax. Based on the obtained results, 1 wt.% of beeswax addition has been found to be suitable for PBAT/PLA blend films.
Royal Dress and the Expression of Power in Babylonia, First Millennium BCE
Authors: Quillien Louise
Published: November 2024

From the Neo-Babylonian period to Hellenistic times, the kings ruling over Babylonia employed many ways to disseminate their ideology to the people living under their rule. This article explores how objects – garments, accessories, and other regalia – were used as a corporeal language to express the nature of the king’s powers. These royal attributes are mentioned in royal inscriptions and in certain rituals, while some of them can be seen in iconographic representations of the Babylonian kings found on stelas or sculpted reliefs. Through these textual and iconographic sources, it is possible to observe what messages royal dress conveyed in terms of the origin of power, the identity of the royal person, and the discourse towards the governed people. Although the clothes of kings are the best documented, there is also information on the clothes of queens. For queens too, apparel expressed their status and power. The messages conveyed by royal dress evolved when the rulers were of local origin (Babylonian) and when they were foreign (Persian and Greek), but royal apparel itself remained an important medium for the expression of royal ideology.
Memória gráfica em tempos líquidos: como preservar o livro digital
Authors: Cristina Martino Sehn Thaís , Luís Farinatti Aymone José
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre a memória humana na cibercultura a partir do que se compreende por “livro digital”. Com base no conceito de Zigmunt Bauman, o estudo enfoca a transição da Modernidade Sólida para a Líquida, possibilitando compreender os preceitos que configuraram a Modernidade Líquida, e nesta, o cenário social no qual se insere o sujeito leitor. Percebe-se em diversos contextos culturais o reflexo deste estatuto das informações computacionais, através de características como efemeridade, fragmentação e desterritorialização. Na cibercultura tais peculiaridades tornam-se muito claras. Através do hipertexto e da hibridização de linguagens o livro ganha novas configurações nas “prateleiras” virtuais.
Análise Gráfica do jornal Lampião da Esquina
Authors: Castro Betina Rezende de , Fonseca Leticia Pedruzzi
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o projeto editorial e gráfico das 41 edições do jornal Lampião da Esquina, o primeiro jornal homossexual do país, surgido na década de 70, com a finalidade de apresentar a história gráfica do movimento gay brasileiro, destacando o período de resistência dos movimentos sociais à ditadura e ascensão da imprensa alternativa. O jornal circulou em todo o país de 1979 a 1981; abordou assuntos como aborto, feminismo, homossexualidade, transexualidade, dando voz a uma minoria marginalizada.
Ilustração crítica e o engajamento social no design gráfico
Authors: Rocha Cláudio Aleixo
Published: November 2024

A proposta do artigo é discorrer teoricamente o conceito de design gráfico socialmente engajado e expor de que maneira a ilustração crítica pode ser pensada e materializada a partir desse conceito. Outro ponto abordado pelo trabalho diz respeito a importância do ensino do design gráfico socialmente engajado e dos princípios da ilustração crítica na formação do designer gráfico brasileira. Tais apontamentos são exemplificados em trabalhos de diferentes ilustradores que divulgam seus projetos visuais no ambiente on-line. Ambos utilizam a ilustração crítica como forma de questionamento e engajamento em diferentes causas sociais. Seus processos criativos têm em comum o uso da reapropriação de imagens que circulam no ambiente social, cultural e mercadológico. Foram escolhidos para este artigo o projeto “Anti-Logo, as ilustrações críticas dos designers Eduardo Salles, Adel Banfeel, Marco Melgrati  e do artista gráfico Pawel Kuczynsk.
Reconhecimento e avaliação de riscos ambientais de segurança do trabalho em edificações públicas do município de Mossoró - RN
Authors: BANDEIRA RAFAELY
Published: November 2024

Na conjuntura da sociedade atual, onde o trabalho é uma atividade indispensável para uma sociedade próspera, equitativa e estável, a segurança do trabalho torna-se um aspecto crucial em qualquer ambiente laboral. Em um âmbito nacional, apesar da existência de leis e normas que prescrevem sobre a Segurança e Saúde do Trabalho (SST), existem diversas edificações públicas, as quais tem o objetivo de atender a população, que encontram-se oferecendo riscos ambientais aos trabalhadores intrinsecamente inerente as atividades, bem como a sociedade que a ocupa. Partindo dessa problemática, surge o Projeto de Extensão denominado Reconhecimento e avaliação de riscos ambientais de segurança do trabalho em edificações públicas do município de Mossoró – RN, promovido pela Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), quem tem como objetivo geral garantir um ambiente de trabalho mais seguro e saudável para todos os servidores do município de Mossoró – RN, e, como consequência, gerar impactos positivos na qualidade dos serviços oferecidos à população potiguar. Apesar do projeto ainda estar em andamento, graças ao trabalho da equipe do projeto, já foi possível a coleta de diversos dados sobre dezenove unidades de órgãos públicos do município, auxiliando os engenheiros de segurança do trabalho da prefeitura na criação dos documentos referentes a SST, como o PGR (Programa de Gerenciamento de Riscos), preconizado na NR 01 (2023), plano de emergência e os planos de ações e planos de segurança. Além disso, o projeto é de suma importância para a vida acadêmica dos estudantes de engenharias, possibilitando esses executarem atividades técnicas que contribuirá efetivamente em sua área de formação.
Produção de material didático e experiências de gamificação no ensino superior
Authors: Ferreira Silva Fabiana , Caroline Furtunato Queiroga Maciel Anne , Rosane de Aguiar Siqueira Rillary , Gomes Melquiades de Souza Vitória , Fonseca de Oliveira Raquel , Ferreira Silva Washington
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho faz parte de um projeto institucional de extensão e relata uma experiência de gamificação vivenciada em duas disciplinas do Curso de Bacharelado em Administração em uma instituição pública de ensino superior. Nesse âmbito, o projeto teve como objetivo desenvolver seis jogos didáticos, utilizando recursos físicos e digitais, para as disciplinas Processo Decisório e Teoria Geral da Administração. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, classificada como descritiva, intervencionista e de campo. Os sujeitos desta experiência foram graduandos regularmente matriculados em duas disciplinas do Curso de Bacharelado em Administração, totalizando 65 estudantes, sendo que 41 participaram das atividades desenvolvidas. Os dados foram coletados com base na observação e aplicação de questionários, cujos achados foram tratados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se, para além do aprofundamento dos temas abordados nas disciplinas, que os seis jogos criados proporcionaram o desenvolvimento de competências comportamentais nos participantes, a saber: trabalho em equipe, empatia, resiliência, criatividade, resolução de problemas e inteligência emocional. Por fim, ressalta-se o caráter inclusivo da gamificação na sala de aula em virtude da democratização e adaptabilidade dos jogos didáticos desenvolvidos.
Rtinska mirila
Authors: Vujević Dario , Glavaš Vedrana
Published: November 2024

Rtinska mirila nalaze se na zapadnom dijelu Ražanca, iza Gajetovice. Jedna su od triju mirilišta u Općini Ražanac, a dio su pogrebne prakse povezane s prijenosom pokojnika iz Rtine. Podignuta su na putu prema starom groblju koje se nalazilo kod današnjeg spomenika u Ražancu.
Brodolom kod hridi Malog Školja u uvali Suđurađu na otoku Šipanu
Authors: Radić Rossi Irena , Casaban Jose L.
Published: November 2024

Zaštitno istraživanje brodoloma kod hridi Malog Školja u uvali Suđurađu na Šipanu provedeno je od 1972. do 1974. godine. Više od tri desetljeća poslije potvrđeno je kako je riječ o brodu Santo Hieronimo, potonulom 1576. koji je pripadao dubrovačkom poduzetniku Jerolimu Benediktu Primojeviću. Sustavno istraživanje započelo je 2015. godine, a do 2023. godine zahvatilo je površinu od pramca, duž kobilice, do središnjeg dijela broda.
Novija istraživanja nalazišta Šopot – Crkvina
Authors: Gusar Karla , Ćurković Marin
Published: November 2024

Nalazište Crkvina u selu Šopotu kod Benkovca smješteno je na južnoj padini Grubića glavice. Prva istraživanja provedena su 20-ih godina 20. stoljeća tijekom kojih su nađeni ostatci crkve, crkvenog namještaja s natpisom kneza Branimira i groblje datirani u rani srednji vijek. Revizijska istraživanja i konzervacija crkve uslijedili su 80-ih godina 20. stoljeća, a sustavna istraživanja nastavljena su od 2016. U ovoj kampanji istraživali su se grobovi zapadno od crkve, a riječ je o dvama horizontima grobova, i to starijem, ranosrednjovjekovnom te mlađem iz 13.-14. stoljeća.
STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOCATALYTIC PROCESSES IN THE OXIDATION OF MODEL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN NATURAL WATER SOLUTIONS
Authors: A.V. ZAITSEV , V.P. SHESTERKIN , N.M. SHESTERKINA , D.V. ANDREEVA , K.V. IONKIN
Published: November 2024

The influence of the main hydrochemical parameters, ionic and elemental composition of natural waters with different anthropogenic loads on the efficiency of photocatalytic processes is investigated for the oxidation of model organic pollutants: azo dye (methyl orange, MO), phenothiazine dye (methylene blue, MB). Comparative studies of water quality in two small rivers located within the boundaries of Khabarovsk (the Krasnaya River) and beyond (the Polovinka River) from April to October 2023 were carried out using the methods of chemical analysis, mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma and spectrophotometry. It was shown that the highest concentrations (>5 mg/dm3) were observed for ions (HCO-3, Cl-, SO2-4) and elements (Na, Ca) in rivers draining urban areas (large highways, industrial enterprises, residential areas) and suburban territories (agricultural lands, country house areas). The efficiencies of photocatalytic destruction of anionic (MO) and cationic (MB) model pollutants dissolved in distilled water, water from small rivers, distilled water in the presence of Na+, HCO-3 Cl-, SO2-4 ions were compared. The time of photodestruction was assessed for model pollutant transformation degree equal to 90 % at the final stage of photocatalytic experiment. The degree of reduction in the efficiency of photocatalytic processes when conducting experiments in waters from small rivers was assessed with respect to the experiment in distilled water. The time of photodestruction of samples from real water bodies (at the degree of pollutant transformation 90 %) was demonstrated to increase with respect to the experiment in distilled water by a factor of 4.8-7.3 (MB) and 1.9-4.7 (MO) for the samples from the Krasnaya river, 3.7-6.3 (MB) and 1.1-2.2 (MO) for the Polovinka river. Value scattering was due to the seasonality of sampling.
HYDROPHOBISATION OF WATER-DISPERSION PAINT AND VARNISH MATERIAL WITH POLYSILOXANE EMULSION
Authors: M.V. NIKULINA , A.YU. RYAZANOVA , V.V. STROKOVA , P.S. BASKAKOV , A.V. ABZALILOVA , E.N. GUBAREVA
Published: November 2024

The modern market of paint and varnish materials is represented by a wide range of construction products, including those designed to protect facades of buildings and structures from atmospheric impact. Among the variety of varnishes and paints for processing and rendering decorative and protective properties to building materials, as well as from the viewpoint of environmental friendliness, the most popular products are water-dispersion paints based on acrylic dispersions. However, along with the high values of colour fastness, UV resistance and gas permeability, acrylic-based paints are insufficiently elastic and lack resistance to water. In this regard, the paper considers a method for increasing the mechanical and hydrophobic properties of acrylic paint and varnish material by introducing a hydrophobic polyethylhydrosiloxane-based emulsion containing polyethylhydrosiloxane (PEHS) - 35.20, glutaric aldehyde - 0.19, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - 7.75, water - 56.86 wt%, as well as by increasing the surface development (relief), achieved by increasing the volumetric concentration of pigments (VCP). The optimal range of the amounts of a hydrophobic emulsion and a coalescent into the composition of water-dispersion paints based on acrylic dispersion has been determined. To assess the stability of the coating after drying an aqueous dispersion paint modified with the aqueous polyethylhydrosiloxane emulsion, the wetting angle and free energy of the surface were evaluated using two liquids of different polarities, namely distilled water and diiodomethane. The possibility of modifying the aqueous dispersion paint, characterised by VCP of 70-80 %, by the polyethylhydrosiloxane hydrophobic aqueous emulsion in the amount of 5-5.5 %, combined with ethylene glycol (4.5-5.5 %) has been established, which makes it possible to obtain a hydrophobic coating with a wetting angle of up to 100°. By comparing the wetting angle values of the coatings, it has been shown that in the absence of the hydrophobic additive, this parameter is lower by 12.5 % than the parameter of the modified sample.
LIPOPHILIC SUBSTANCES OF THE ROOTS AND RHIZOMES OF LEUZEA SAFFLOWER (RHAPONTICUM CARTHAMOIDES (WILLD.) ILJIN)
Authors: T.P. KUKINA , I.A. ELSHIN , D.N. SHCHERBAKOV , O.I. SALNIKOVA
Published: November 2024

The qualitative composition of lipophilic secondary metabolites in the medicinal plant leuzea safflower (Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin) has been studied by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The roots and rhizomes of this plant species were used as the raw material. Hexane and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) were used as extractants. Two extraction schemes were used (exhaustive and sequential), which allowed us to obtain more detailed information on the composition of components of the raw material. The obtained lipophilic extracts were separated into acid and neutral components by treating with NaOH and KOH solutions. The acid components were transformed into methyl ethers by treatment with diazomethane. The neutral components of the unsaponifiable residue were analysed without derivatisation. The fractions enriched with hydrocarbons, ketones, sterols, aliphatic and triterpene alcohols were obtained by chromatographic separation through a column with silica gel. A series of low-polar compounds were identified that have not been detected previously in this kind of raw material. By comparing the mass spectra obtained in the work with the available databases, the following compounds were identified: aliphatic acids with chain length 10-30 carbon atoms (including unsaturated and dicarboxylic), the compounds of cinnamic series, as well as benzoic, salicylic, sterculic, 9,10-octadecadienic and phenylpropanoic acids. More than 90 triterpene and aliphatic compounds of the unsaponifiable residue and 33 components of free and bound acids were identified. In addition to n-alkanes, the hydrocarbon fraction contains also squalene, as well as saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with shorter chains. Aliphatic and terpene aldehydes and ketones were detected. Highly active triterpene alcohols and ketones are represented mainly by ursane and oleanane derivatives. The major sterol component (β-sitosterol) is accompanied by cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, stigmast-7-en-3-β-ol and stigmastan-3-β-ol.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AS INDICATORS OF SOIL POLLUTION IN THE ZONE AFFECTED BY THE TRANSPORT COMMUNICATIONS OF THE GORLOVO ANTHRACITE DEPOSIT
Authors: D.A. SOKOLOV , S.A. KUIDINA , T.A. PCHELNIKOVA , N.A. SOKOLOVA , S.V. MOROZOV
Published: November 2024

The areas adjacent to open coal mining facilities are affected by different kinds of anthropogenic impact, including dust pollution. To reveal the extent of technogenic impact, the parameters characterising the content and composition of 19 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in chernozem soils adjacent to the haul road of the Gorlovo anthracite deposit (the Novosibirsk Region) were assessed. It is shown that the maximum total concentration of PAHs (>1000 ng/g) is reached at the distance of 100 m from the source, while the levels higher than the background are detected at a distance of 1000 m. The effect of dominating wind direction and the presence of tree belt were determined to affect the total PAH content in soil but leave their group composition unchanged at a distance of 2000 m from the road. At the same time, the individual composition of PAHs in soils changes with an increase in the distance from the pollution source. The concentration of benz(α)pyrene and total PAH content, calculated for benz(α)pyrene toxic equivalents, were determined in the soils of territories adjacent to the road and compared with the current standards in force in the Russian Federation (sanitary rules and regulations). Statistical processing of the results, performed by the principal component analysis, shows that the input of black carbon in the form of anthracite coal dust into soil is most adequately represented by polyarene ratio PHE/(PHE + CHR), where PHE is phenanthrene, and CHR is chrysene. However, the threshold of technogenic load (<0.8), that was previously established for objects in which anthracite is the main source of PAHs, requires confirmation for black soils.
ЭТНИЧЕСКАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ ЖИТЕЛЕЙ НОВОСИБИРСКА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ИНТЕГРАЦИОННЫХ И ДЕЗИНТЕГРАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В ГОРОДСКОМ СООБЩЕСТВЕ
Authors: О.А. ПЕРСИДСКАЯ
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена этнической идентичности как социально-философскому феномену. Показано, что в современных условиях содержание этнической идентичности эвристично рассматривать с позиции влияния на него широкого ряда социокультурных факторов. На примере г. Новосибирска прослежено, какое воздействие на коллективное и субъективное измерения этнической идентичности оказывают пространство и морфология полиэтнического города, миграционные процессы, состояние и перспективы межэтнических отношений, механизмы реализации национальной политики на федеральном и муниципальном уровнях. На основе анализа ряда социологических исследований сделан вывод, что этническая идентичность горожан имеет тенденцию к ослаблению выраженности ее значимости. При этом отмечено, что содержание понятия этнической идентичности на субъективном уровне зачастую редуцируется к констатации факта этнической принадлежности с потерей наполнения, связанного с событийным этническим опытом и его переживанием.

The work is devoted to the issue of ethnic identity and the factors of its reproduction in the urban multiethnic community. The author shows that in order to understand the content of ethnic identity in modern conditions, it is important to turn to personal ethnic experience, considered through the prism of a wide range of socio-cultural factors. The article refers to the history of the formation of the urban multiethnic community of Novosibirsk and shows the significant role of migration processes as a factor of transformation of the socio-cultural space of the city. Based on the results of sociological research, the author concludes that, although interethnic relations are mostly perceived by citizens as calm and benevolent, there are some points on the city map that cause some background interethnic tension in the collective consciousness. The study has revealed the culturally oriented trend underlying the mechanisms of managing processes related to ethnicity. It is shown that, coupled with the tendency of reducing the influence of the family and close circle on the reproduction of ethnicity in the urban community, there may be a superficial understanding of ethnic cultures. Based on the analysis of a number of sociological studies, the author concludes that the ethnic identity of citizens is of high importance for representatives of the urban community, but at the same time it shows a tendency to reduce its expression and significance. It is stressed that the content of ethnic identity at the subjective level can be reduced to a statement of the fact of ethnicity. This means that it loses the content associated with the eventful ethnic experience. It is concluded that such situation with ethnic identity may complicate the implementation of the provisions of the Strategy of the State National Policy related to the need to support ethnic and cultural diversity and preserve the uniqueness of the peoples of the country.
Procesos erosivos en andisoles cultivados con cebolla (Allium cepa L.): Contribución del sedimento adherido al bulbo a la pérdida del suelo y sus nutrimentos
Authors: Marín Araya Silvia , Villatoro-Sánchez Mario , Camacho-Umaña Manuel E.
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La pérdida de suelo es un proceso natural y complejo, el cual se puede potenciar por condiciones climáticas y labores agrícolas como la mecanización. Una forma de suelo (muy poco conocida) se debe al sedimento adherido al producto al momento de la cosecha, el cual se pierde permanentemente de los sembradíos. La cuantificación de este sedimento es un factor adicional a la pérdida de suelo por erosión y los nutrientes que pueden perderse de una parcela. Objetivo. Cuantificar la pérdida de suelo por cosecha del cultivo en dos ciclos de cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) bajo tres implementos de labranza mecanizada. Materiales y métodos. Se establecieron parcelas (240 m2 cada una) en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, las cuales se sembraron con cebolla. Al momento de la cosecha del cultivo, se recolectó el sedimento adherido a la superficie de los bulbos y se estimaron los valores de pérdida de suelo para las parcelas evaluadas. Se realizaron análisis químicos de fertilidad, utilizando las metodologías KCl-Olsen y C/N total a los sedimentos obtenidos para calcular las pérdidas de nutrimentos y materia orgánica por labores de cosecha. Resultados y discusión. Se cuantificaron cantidades de sedimento entre 594,71 ± 471,93 y 1083,94 ± 78,45 kg ha-1 ciclo-1 que se pierde de los sembradíos de cebolla de forma irreversible. En adición, se pueden perder hasta 3,04 ± 0,27 kg de N, 0,15 ± 0,02 kg de P, y 1,16 ± 0,12 kg de K por hectárea por ciclo de cultivo. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos son pioneros en el estudio de erosión y pérdida de suelo por cosecha del cultivo en Costa Rica, y pueden servir de referencia para futuros estudios de manejo y conservación de suelos.
Modeling and simulation of a water distribution network using watergems
Authors: Awad Raghad , Wittmanová Réka , Stanko Štefan , Barloková Danka , Hrudka Jaroslav
Published: November 2024

The main purpose of this paper is to design and model a sustainable water distribution network for the new housing development in Bernolákovo. WaterGEMS software and Microsoft Excel are used for the analysis and design of the water distribution network. The survey of the village was developed with the help of a global positioning system to ensure the layout and the satellite image of the study area. Steady-state analysis has been carried out for the calculation of hydraulic parameters. The analysis performed by the software is essential for identifying potential problems and performing quick diagnostics so that expensive errors can be avoided. The study results indicate that the proposed distribution network will provide high-quality drinking water in the required quantity.
Soldiers on modern military missions – how to reconcile ethics with the “need to kill”
Authors: Drzewiecki Andrzej
Published: November 2024

Major Grzegorz Kaliciak, a participant in the Iraqi mission, noted: “One movement of the hand that put an ends to someone’s life is at the same time the beginning of another battle – against oneself”. Henryk Sienkiewicz with a passion of a man of letters observed that the “war matches people with death”. This is not about admiration for those who fight, but about the fundamental question of whether and to what extent military service prepares a soldier for killing. This question arises from On Killing by Dave Grossman. Whoever has worn a soldier’s uniform and not been confronted with the necessity to kill can repeat after General Janusz Bronowicz that the book in question makes one realize “how exceptionally gently fate has dealt with me and soldiers of my age, sparing us everything that involves slaughter in combat”. Colonel Marian Porwit mentioned the need to “study the soldier in action”; it is a necessity especially in the context of the increasing talk about the “new great soldier”, one to be dehumanized by “improving”.
Functioning of the medical component in the Polish Military Contingent in Lebanon in 1992–2005
Authors: Gertner-Hryniewiecka Julia
Published: November 2024

Purpose of the article is to discuss service of the Polish Medical Company in the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). It describes the subject of preparation and training prior to the mission, service and tasks of the PolMedCoy, as well as contacts with other national contingents and local population. At the beginning of 1992 Secretary General of the United Nations Butrus Butrus Ghali has invited Poles to take over the UN Hospital after Norwegians and Swedes who were retreating to their countries. Polish Medical Company (PolMedCoy) in Lebanon under col.doc. Jerzy Banach started their service on 27th of April 1992, providing medical and dental care for all of the UNIFIL troops, counting from 5 to 7 thousand people, depending on the era of the mission. They were also trying, to the best of their abilities, to provide care to local population, deprived of medical services due to the armed conflict in the region. PolMedCoy ended it’s mandate in 2005, but other parts of the Polish contingent, engineering, logistics and renovation companies, continued service until 2009. Service of the PolMedCoy in Lebanon is important for a couple of reasons. Firs, it blazed a trail for companies to come. Social aspects of it’s participation in the missions cannot be overlooked. By providing medical care to other contingents and local people, Polish personnel of the UN hospital was on the frontline of contact with these groups, they were representing our nation and building it’s good name. Participation in the mission also created a great learning opportunity for Polish personnel to get accustomed with modern equipment and practice new procedures, such as the MEDEVAC service, a fairly new technique for Poles at the time. Issues mentioned above indicate, that PolMedCoy played an important role in the participation of Polish contingent in UNIFIL, as well as in broader history of Polish peacekeeping effort and prove the topic to be worthy of further exploration.
Species of the thecate dinoflagellate genus Heterocapsa (Dinophyceae; Heterocapsaceae) from the tropical Mexican Pacific, with special reference to two new records in the area and the ultrastructure of Heterocapsa borneoensis
Authors: Arana-García Jovanny , Hernández-Becerril David Uriel , Escarcega-Bata Alexis , Ruíz-García Uriel , Zamudio-Resendiz María Eugenia
Published: November 2024

Background: The thecate dinoflagellate genus Heterocapsa encompasses marine planktonic species, which have been poorly studied in the Mexican Pacific coasts.
Question: Is it possible to extend the knowledge of the genus Heterocapsa in the Mexican Pacific by means of different study techniques?
Study sites: Acapulco Bay, Guerrero, Mexico During November 2021 and March 2024.
Methods: Establishment of cultures, morphological analysis by light microscopy and molecular identification using the region D1-D2 (LSU rDNA)
 Results: Five strains belonging to species of the genus Heterocapsa were established. The strains were identified as H. borneoensis, H. iwatakii and Heterocapsa sp., respectively. Each strain was morphologically characterized by light microscopy, highlighting characters such as the overall shape of the cell, proportion of the episome and hyposome, shape and position of the nucleus and number and position of the pyrenoids. Additionally, the morphology of the body scales and the ultrastructure of H. borneoensis were studied. Molecular identification of two species was confirmed by analysing the D1-D2 region (LSU rDNA). The phylogeny showed that sequences obtained in this study clustered with previous sequences of H. borneoensis and H. iwatakii.
Conclusion: This study confirmed the first record of H. borneoensis and H. iwatakii from the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Effect of non-axisymmetric inertial waves on the steady fluid circulation in a rotating cylinder
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Shiryaeva Mariya A. , Subbotin Stanislav V. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University
Published: November 2024

Non-axisymmetric inertial waves in a rotating cylindrical cavity are studied experimentally. To maintain the wave motion, the cavity rotation rate is periodically changed according to the harmonic law (libration). Three different regimes have been found: non-resonant traveling wave, inertial mode resonance, and resonant traveling wave. In the first case, the pulsating flow represents a set of individual wave beams emitted from the cavity corners. The reflection of beams from the cavity sidewall induces steady circulation in the dynamic boundary layer, where the direction of the circulation is determined by the direction of wave front propagation. The second regime resembles standing waves in the axial section of the cavity. The fluid oscillations within the cavity also produce a steady flow with a structure specified by the axial wavenumber of the mode. Finally, the third regime is characterized by alternate excitation of two axisymmetric modes or one non-axisymmetric mode with an axisymmetric mode. In this case, the propagation of the wave front in the form of a traveling wave is a result of the interaction of two modes with different wave numbers. At the same time, the steady flow structure becomes more complex: the waves converging (diverging) to each other induce a system of concordantly rotating steady vortices near the sidewall.
“Capital accumulation regime” as a category of the theory of systemic-cyclical capital accumulation in the world economy
Authors:   T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Osokina Natalya V. , Zhernov Evgeniy E. ,   T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University
Published: November 2024

The article undertakes a theoretical and methodological substantiation of the category of “capital accumulation regime” (CAR) in Giovanni Arrighi’s conception. The definition of CAR is given. The composition of the attributes of the accumulation regime is identified and the content of a number of them is characterized in the context of the emerging Asian CAR with a more detailed disclosure of their features in China. It is hown that, having originated in the group of economies of East Asia, the new CAR is currently developing in China. The article examines the trends in the development of modern digital capitalism and their coverage in the scientific press. The situations of interpretation of the stages of the historical development of capitalism and the essence of its modern stage, which require correction, are considered. It is proved that modern “technocapitalism” continues to be capitalism, and optimism about the prospects for the future may still be exaggerated.
The Russian labor market during the pandemic: Adapting to changes
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Materova Elena S. , Ponomarev Sergey V. ,   Kaluga Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Koryakina Tatyana V. ,   Lipetsk Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Abalakin Alexander A. ,   Moscow Financial and Industrial University “Synergy”
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to substantiate effective tools for adapting the labor market to changes caused by the pandemic. The aim of the work is to study the impact of the factors of instability caused by the pandemic on the Russian labor market, as well as to reveal the features of its adaptation to the changes taking place. The authors selected the period 2019–2023 for the study, which makes it possible to assess the evolution of the Russian labor market during the period of changes caused by the pandemic. The study was carried out using the method of system analysis, statistical methods for studying economic processes, the descriptive analysis of the causes and consequences of the identified patterns, the graphical method, comparative analysis, the logical method and the systematic approach. The authors identified destructive trends in the Russian labor market as a result of the impact of factors caused by the pandemic. The article reveals the structural changes in the labor market, manifested in the form of a staff flow between different types and spheres of economic activities. It is proved that, during the pandemic, new mechanisms for maintaining employment (remote employment, outsourcing) were developed. It was found that, during the pandemic, the activity of the population in online labor markets increased, which partially compensated for market failures during the crisis. Self-employment as a form of labor activities of professional income tax payers was studied, and trends in its development during the pandemic were established. The authors substantiate the priorities of the state policy aimed at increasing the adaptive abilities of the labor market.