bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Parental Understanding of Positive Newborn Screening Results and Carrier Status for Cystic Fibrosis with the use of a Short Educational Video
Authors: Temme R. , Gruber A. , Johnson M. , Read L. , Lu Y. , McNamara J.
Published: September 2014

Many children are identified as unaffected carriers for cystic fibrosis (CF) through newborn screening (NBS) programs. The aim of this study was to improve parental understanding of positive NBS results using an educational video in addition to genetic counseling. One hundred parents of infants identified as CF carriers through NBS were randomly assigned by household to either a genetic counseling only group or a genetic counseling and video group. All participants completed a knowledge‐based questionnaire before, immediately after, and six weeks following genetic counseling. This included questions about resources accessed before and after the appointment. Seventy‐two percent of participants accessed resources on their own prior to genetic counseling; these participants scored significantly higher on the pre‐counseling questionnaire (p = 0.03). Post‐counseling knowledge scores for both groups significantly improved after genetic counseling (p < 0.001). Post‐counseling scores were significantly higher in the video group compared to the non‐video group (p = 0.02). Knowledge was retained six weeks following genetic counseling. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an educational video and reinforces the importance of genetic counseling following positive NBS results for CF.
Reliability of Handgrip Strength Test in Elderly Subjects with Unilateral Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis
Authors: Villafañe Jorge Hugo , Valdes Kristin , Vanti Carla , Pillastrini Paolo , Borboni Alberto
Published: September 2014

Background

The grip strength test is widely used; however, little has been investigated about its reliability when used in elderly with subjects thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to examine the test–retest reliability of the grip strength test in elderly subjects with thumb CMC OA.

Methods

A total of 78 patients with unilateral thumb CMC OA, 84.6 % female (mean±SD age 83±5 years), were recruited. Each patient performed three pain free maximal isometric contractions on each hand in two occasions, 1 week apart. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and 95 % limits of agreement (LOA) were calculated.

Results

Test–retest reliability was excellent for side affected (ICC=0.947; p=0.001) and contralateral (ICC=0.96; p=0.001) thumb CMC OA.

Conclusions

The present results indicate that maximum handgrip strength can be measured reliably, using the Jamar hand dynamometer, in patients with thumb CMC OA, which enables its use in research and in the clinic to determine the effect of interventions on improving grip.
On the sunk-cost effect in economic decision-making: a meta-analytic review
Authors: Roth Stefan , Robbert Thomas , Straus Lennart
Published: September 2014

Although the effect of monetary sunk costs on decision-making is widely discussed, research is still fragmented, and results are sometimes controversial. One reason for this incomplete picture is the missing differentiation between the effect of sunk costs on utilization and progress decisions and its respective moderators. This article presents the results of a meta-analytic review of 98 effect sizes of the sunk-cost effect, with special emphasis on the decision-specific influence of moderators. The results show clear evidence that the sunk-cost effect emerges, though its effect size and the influence of the moderators are contingent on the respective decision type. In particular, we find support for the idea that the sunk-cost effect is attenuated by time in utilization decisions. The results also reveal that older adults are less likely to fall prey to the sunk-cost effect than younger adults.
Paths to Work after Stroke in Australia
Authors: Killey J. , Gustafsson L. , Hoyle M.
Published: September 2014

Background and aims: Previous research has focused primarily on incidence rates and barriers/facilitators influencing return to work, without considering the formal paths accessed by people with stroke. The aim of this study was to identify the paths used by Australian people to return to work following stroke, including changes to work-related habits and routines, and job satisfaction.

Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study recruited people through newsletters and online forums for people with stroke. The quantitative data were summarised descriptively and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre- and post-stroke job satisfaction rates.

Results: Participants (n= 21) were aged 48 years on average, female (67%) and university trained (71%). Ten (48%) participants did not access formal return-to-work services, yet participants commonly reported changes to work-related habits and routines. Participants were significantly less satisfied with their post-stroke job suitability (physically, cognitively and financially), stability and importance (p< .05).

Conclusion: Participants in this small-scale study did not routinely access formal support services to return to work, while experiencing changes to work-related habits and satisfaction. Further research is required to document the return-to-work paths, including the experience from the perspective of the person with stroke.
Breakout Session 1 Summary: Frameworks and Policies Relating to Medical Preparedness and Health Management in Disasters
Authors: Otomo Yasuhiro , Burkle Frederick M.
Published: September 2014

Cross-cutting Principle

Health integration is imperative for disaster risk reduction in HFA2
Breakout Session 4 Summary: Health Infrastructure and Logistics for Disaster Preparedness, Including Resources and Funding
Authors: Pesigan Arturo , Cullison Tom
Published: September 2014

Cross-cutting Principle

Risk of disaster impact=Probability of Hazard OccurringxVulnerability of the Population
Pump phase transfer and its control in hybrid seeded optical parametric amplifiers
Authors: Yuan Peng , Ma Jingui , Wang Yongzhi , Wang Jing , Tang Daolong , Qian Liejia
Published: September 2014

Due to the existence of spatial walk-off and/or group-velocity mismatch effects, pump-to-signal phase transfer becomes inevitable during parametric amplification. We experimentally demonstrate that in hybrid seeded optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) that include two OPA stages seeded by the signal and idler waves, respectively, the phase of the output signal can be restored to its initial value, although there are spatial and temporal phase fluctuations on the pump source. This method significantly relaxes the requirement for high pump beam quality, which is always very stringent in parametric amplification systems. With the introduction of this scheme into birefringent phase-matching OPAs or chirped-pulse OPAs, it should be promising to achieve intense femtosecond laser pulses that are close to the diffraction limit in space and ultra-high contrast in time, simultaneously.
Exploratory meta-analysis on deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Smith Donald F.
Published: September 2014

Objective

Deep brain stimulation is currently an experimental treatment for major depressive disorder. Information is lacking, however, on how sham responding may affect efficacy. This article applies exploratory meta-analysis to address that topic.

Methods

Data on benefits of deep brain electrical stimulation come from a recent review. Stimulated brain regions included subgenual cingulate, capsular interna, nucleus accumbens, and medial forebrain bundle. Expert opinion plus random number software was used to generate hypothetical values for sham responding.

Results

An effect size of 1.71 (95% CI: 1.47–1.96) was obtained for deep brain stimulation versus sham treatment in patients suffering from long-term treatment-resistant depression.

Conclusion

Preliminary findings on deep brain electrical stimulation suggest that the procedure may be 71% more effective than sham treatment. Expressing these findings as patients-needed-to-treat, deep brain electrical stimulation is required by 2.9 patients with long-term treatment-resistant depression in order for one of them to benefit.
Ramadan fasting and newborn's birth weight in pregnant Muslim women in The Netherlands
Authors: Savitri Ary I. , Yadegari Nasim , Bakker Julia , van Ewijk Reyn J. G. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Painter Rebecca C. , Uiterwaal Cuno S. P. M. , Roseboom Tessa J.
Published: September 2014

Many Muslim women worldwide are pregnant during Ramadan and adhere to Ramadan fasting during pregnancy. In the present study, we determined whether maternal adherence to Ramadan fasting during pregnancy has an impact on the birth weight of the newborn, and whether the effects differed according to trimester in which Ramadan fasting took place. A prospective cohort study was conducted in 130 pregnant Muslim women who attended antenatal care in Amsterdam and Zaanstad, The Netherlands. Data on adherence to Ramadan fasting during pregnancy and demographics were self-reported by pregnant women, and the outcome of the newborn was retrieved from medical records after delivery. The results showed that half of all the women adhered to Ramadan fasting. With strict adherence to Ramadan fasting in pregnancy, the birth weight of newborns tended to be lower than that of newborns of non-fasting mothers, although this was not statistically significant ( − 198 g, 95 % CI − 447, 51, P= 0·12). Children of mothers who fasted in the first trimester of pregnancy were lighter at birth than those whose mothers had not fasted ( − 272 g, 95 % CI − 547, 3, P= 0·05). There were no differences in birth weight between children whose mothers had or had not fasted if Ramadan fasting had taken place later in pregnancy. Ramadan fasting during early pregnancy may lead to lower birth weight of newborns. These findings call for further confirmation in larger studies that should also investigate potential implications for perinatal and long-term morbidity and mortality.
Quand les mouvements sociaux changent le politique. Le cas du mouvement étudiant de 2012 au Québec
Authors: Dufour Pascale , Savoie Louis-Philippe
Published: September 2014

À travers l'analyse du conflit étudiant du printemps 2012 au Québec, nous montrons comment les mouvements sociaux peuvent changer, temporairement, le politique. Le politique est entendu ici comme l'ensemble des règles et pratiques individuelles et collectives qui régissent les relations entre les acteurs à propos du gouvernement de la communauté. Plus précisément, nous montrons que le mouvement de contestation a transformé le politique de trois manières. Premièrement, les six mois du conflit étudiant ont créé un nouveau clivage autour duquel la vie politique s'est réorganisée. Deuxièmement, les acteurs partisans et les associations étudiantes ont modifié leurs pratiques et actions quotidiennes, redéfinissant leur mode de relations et leur politique d'alliance. Troisièmement, l'expérience prolongée de la mobilisation a changé le rapport au politique pour les individus mobilisés en bousculant les articulations usuelles entre l'usage de la politique institutionnelle et celui de la politique protestataire.
SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES IN CHILD MORTALITY IN CENTRAL POLAND AT THE END OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Authors: DROZD-LIPIŃSKA ALICJA , KLUGIER EWA , KAMIŃSKA-CZAKŁOSZ MAŁGORZATA
Published: September 2014

Analyses of historical or modern populations indicate a strong relationship between mortality level and standard of living, measured, among other factors, by degree of urbanization. The aim of this study was to assess mortality rates in children of up to 5 years of age in two populations living under different conditions in central modern Poland at the end of the 19th century: the rural parish of Kowal, under Russian partition, and Toruń, an industrial and urbanized centre under Prussian partition. Data on births and deaths were taken from birth certificate registries and from the Prussian statistics yearbooks for 1876–1894. Death rates of children aged 0–5 years were calculated, and also for annual age ranges. The urban population had lower birth rates (37.19‰), natural increase rates (8.0‰), population dynamics rates (1.26‰), which provide information about the relation between two components of a natural increase, i.e. births and deaths, and an over-mortality of boys in relation to girls. In the rural population these values were all higher: 53.67‰, 18.11‰ and 1.59‰ respectively. No impact was found of social stratification on child mortality in the wide age group of 0–5 years. However, for subsequent one-year age groups significant relationships between mortality level and size and industrialization level of the population centres were noted. The living conditions of infants in Toruń, although being in a better position as an area annexed by Prussia, were markedly worse than those of rural Kowal Parish. In the urban centre infant mortality was slightly over 269 for 1000 live born, and in Kowal Parish it was 163 for 1000 live born. The high infant mortality was balanced in Toruń by the higher mortality levels of children aged 2–5 years compared with Kowal Parish. Natural selection in the city had the greatest impact on infants, who did not have the protective influence of breast-feeding because women had to return to work shortly after giving birth. The lower infant mortality of mothers in the countryside due to longer breast-feeding led to larger family sizes. In 1871–1890 in the villages the number of children per women was about 7.42, whereas in Toruń it ranged from 4.4 to 5.2. The probability of death among children who survived the first year of life was higher in the countryside than the town. In the rural parish, perhaps because of cultural factors such as breast-feeding or working practices making full-time baby-sitting possible, children who did not reach the age of 1 year were not subjected to such intensive natural selection. Overall, differences in child mortality in the two centres in 19th central Poland resulted from ecological and cultural conditions, rather than from social and economical reasons (living under different partitions).
SURVIVAL OF CENTENARIANS IN JAPAN
Authors: MUROTANI KENTA , ZHOU BIN , KANEDA HIDEAKI , NAKATANI EIJI , KOJIMA SHINSUKE , NAGAI YOJI , FUKUSHIMA MASANORI
Published: September 2014

The objective of the study was to explore the survival trends of centenarians in Japan. A cohort of centenarians born between 1881 and 1900 was analysed based on national census data, and the average life expectancy at 100 years of age, risk of death and maximum age were estimated. An analysis of covariance and a Cox regression analysis were performed to explore the factors associated with life expectancy and risk of death. The death rates in centenarians tended to decrease with birth year, and the average life expectancy from the age of 100 slightly increased at a rate of 0.013 years (95% CI: 0.007–0.019) by birth year in men and 0.026 in women. Women had a longer life expectancy than men, with a difference of 0.174 years (95% CI: 0.071–0.277) at birth year 1881 and increasing by 0.013 years per year thereafter. The risk of death in both sexes decreased significantly by birth year over the course of the period analysed, and the risk of death in men was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.14–1.19) times that of women. In women, death rates at every age significantly decreased with birth year over the course of the period analysed until age 104. However, this trend did not hold true for ages 105 and older. The average life expectancy of centenarians at the age of 100 in Japan increased by birth year in the 1881–1900 birth cohort. In addition, Japanese centenarians had the lowest death rates among several countries.
PLAUSIBILITY ORDERINGS IN DYNAMIC GAMES
Authors: Perea Andrés
Published: September 2014

In this paper we explore game-theoretic reasoning in dynamic games within the framework of belief revision theory. More precisely, we focus on the forward induction concept of ‘common strong belief in rationality’ (Battigalli and Siniscalchi (2002) and the backward induction concept of ‘common belief in future rationality’ (Baltag et al. 2009; Perea 2014). For both concepts we investigate whether the entire collection of selected belief revision policies for a player can be characterized by a unique plausibility ordering. We find that this is indeed possible for ‘common strong belief in rationality’, whereas this may be impossible in some games for ‘common belief in future rationality’.
SPECIFICATION TESTING WHEN THE NULL IS NONPARAMETRIC OR SEMIPARAMETRIC
Authors: Rodríguez-Póo Juan M. , Sperlich Stefan , Vieu Philippe
Published: September 2014

This paper discusses the problem of testing misspecifications in semiparametric regression models for a large family of econometric models under rather general conditions. We focus on two main issues that typically arise in econometrics. First, many econometric models are estimated through maximum likelihood or pseudo-ML methods like, for example, limited dependent variable or gravity models. Second, often one might not want to fully specify the null hypothesis. Instead, one would rather impose some structure like separability or monotonicity. In order to address these points we introduce an adaptive omnibus test. Special emphasis is given to practical issues like adaptive bandwidth choice, general but simple requirements on the estimates, and finite sample performance, including the resampling approximations.
Locata Network Design and Reliability Analysis for Harbour Positioning
Authors: Yang Ling , Li Yong , Jiang Wei , Rizos Chris
Published: September 2014

To meet the accuracy, integrity, continuity and availability required for many navigation applications the Locata technology can provide an alternative to satellite-based navigation in difficult Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal environments, especially for applications in port areas and in constricted waterways. Unlike GNSS constellations, a LocataNet – a local constellation of LocataLites – can be designed specifically for different environments to avoid signal blockages, interference or poor geometry. By using Locata technology, the optimal performance within particular areas can always be guaranteed. This paper demonstrates the influence of LocataNet configuration on the reliability and integrity of the Locata positioning system. The performance of the Locata system is investigated using the Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) concept. Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm performance is validated through the computation of the Dilution of Precision (DOP), the Horizontal Protection Level (HPL) and the correlation coefficient between two failure modes that can indicate the quality of fault identification. The experimental analysis shows that a good configuration of LocataLites will enhance the accuracy and reliability of the navigation system.
Navigation Performance of the Libration Point Satellite Navigation System in Cislunar Space
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Bo
Published: September 2014

Based on the candidate architectures of the libration point satellite navigation system proposed in our previous work, a navigation performance study is conducted in this paper to verify the cislunar navigation ability of the proposed system. Using scalar satellite-to-satellite range measurement between the user and libration point navigation satellites, a virtual lunar exploration mission scenario is developed to verify the navigation performance of the candidate Earth-Moon L1,2,4,5 four-satellite constellations. The simulation results indicate that the libration point satellite navigation system is available for cislunar navigation and the navigation accuracy of a few tens of metres can be achieved for both the trans-lunar cruise and lunar orbit phase. Besides that, it is also found that the navigation accuracy of the libration point satellite navigation system is sensitive to the orbit of the L1 satellite. Once the L1 navigation satellite is located in the Halo orbit or vertical Lyapunov orbit, the proposed system can present a better navigation performance in cislunar space.
ANTS AND NONOPTIMAL SELF-ORGANIZATION: LESSONS FOR MACROECONOMICS
Authors: Kirman Alan
Published: September 2014

This paper suggests that we need an alternative approach to economic modeling in general, and macroeconomic modeling in particular, if we are to capture salient characteristics of recent economic developments. Rather than focusing on models built on the basis of isolated, rational, optimizing agents, we should recognize that much simpler individuals following basic rules can collectively generate complex behavior. We have lessons to learn from studying the behavior of social insects for example. Noisy systems of interactive agents can generate aggregate phenomena such as sudden changes in the state of an economy or market, with no external shock. I give two examples of simple models of financial markets to illustrate this but would argue more generally that such models are indispensible if we are to understand aggregate economic phenomena.
III. The English Revolution and Locke's ‘Two Treatises of Government’
Authors: Laslett Peter
Published: September 2014

John Locke received the following letter from the Hague on 31 January 1689, whilst he was waiting in Rotterdam for a ship to take him home, now that his exile in Holland could come to an end after the Revolution:

I have been very ill this fortnight. The beginning was what is called the disease of one's country, impatience to be there, but it ended yesterday with violence, as all great things do but kings. Ours went out like a farthing candle, and has given us by this Convention an occasion not only of mending the Government but of melting it down and making all new, which makes me wish you were there to give them a right scheme of government, having been infected by that great man Lord Shaftesbury.
Testing Theories of American Politics: Elites, Interest Groups, and Average Citizens
Authors: Gilens Martin , Page Benjamin I.
Published: September 2014

Each of four theoretical traditions in the study of American politics—which can be characterized as theories of Majoritarian Electoral Democracy, Economic-Elite Domination, and two types of interest-group pluralism, Majoritarian Pluralism and Biased Pluralism—offers different predictions about which sets of actors have how much influence over public policy: average citizens; economic elites; and organized interest groups, mass-based or business-oriented.

A great deal of empirical research speaks to the policy influence of one or another set of actors, but until recently it has not been possible to test these contrasting theoretical predictions against each other within a single statistical model. We report on an effort to do so, using a unique data set that includes measures of the key variables for 1,779 policy issues.

Multivariate analysis indicates that economic elites and organized groups representing business interests have substantial independent impacts on U.S. government policy, while average citizens and mass-based interest groups have little or no independent influence. The results provide substantial support for theories of Economic-Elite Domination and for theories of Biased Pluralism, but not for theories of Majoritarian Electoral Democracy or Majoritarian Pluralism.
“Ideas about Interests”: Explaining the Changing Partisan Politics of Education
Authors: Wolbrecht Christina , Hartney Michael T.
Published: September 2014

In recent years, the American political parties have shifted their positions on elementary and secondary education policy, both relative to each other and to their own past positions. Established explanations for party issue position-taking privilege the influence of groups in the parties' coalitions; yet in this case, both parties have taken positions opposed by important components of their bases. We develop a general framework for understanding party issue position adoption and change that highlights the role of issue definition—the considerations, values, and goals associated with a policy debate at any one time. This framework helps us to explain the participation and preferences of groups regarding an issue; the perceived ideological fit and strategic benefits of issue positions for parties; and how parties negotiate and manage issue conflict within their coalition. We apply that framework to the case of education policy, showing how education issue definition has changed over time—from a focus on resources and equality to an emphasis on values and excellence—and how those changes have been consequential for each party's changing, and converging, positions on education policy. We conclude by discussing the potential application of our model of party issue positioning to other issues in American politics.
After the “Master Theory”: Downs, Schattschneider, and the Rebirth of Policy-Focused Analysis
Authors: Hacker Jacob S. , Pierson Paul
Published: September 2014

Drawing on the pioneering work of Anthony Downs, political scientists have tended to characterize American politics as a game among undifferentiated competitors, played out largely through elections, with outcomes reflecting how formal rules translate election results into legislative votes. In this perspective, voters, campaigns, elections, and the ideological distribution of legislators merit extensive scrutiny. Other features of the political environment—most notably, the policies these legislators help create and the interest groups that struggle over these policies—are deemed largely peripheral. However, contemporary politics often looks very different than the world described by Downs. Instead, it more closely resembles the world depicted by E. E. Schattschneider—a world in which policy and groups loom large, the influence of voters is highly conditional, and the key struggle is not over gaining office but over reshaping governance. Over the last twenty years, a growing body of scholarship has emerged that advances this corrective vision—an approach we call “policy-focused political science.” In this framework, politics is centrally about the exercise of government authority for particular substantive purposes. Such exercises of authority create the “terrain” for political struggle, profoundly shaping both individual and group political behavior. More important, because policies can be so consequential, they also serve as the “prize” for many of the most enduring political players, especially organized interest groups. The payoffs of a policy-focused perspective include a more accurate portrayal of the institutional environment of modern politics, an appreciation for the fundamental importance of organized groups, a better understanding of the dynamics of policy change, and a more accurate mapping of interests, strategies, and influence. These benefits are illustrated through brief examinations of two of the biggest changes in American politics over the last generation: asymmetric partisan polarization and the growing concentration of income at the top.
The Woodgrain of the Chessboard: A Response to Roy Germano
Authors: Farrell Henry
Published: September 2014

Roy Germano argues for an “analytic filmmaking,” which would use film as a means to elucidate social scientific laws and generalizations. Yet film, even when it seeks simply to document the truth, is a form of narrative. To strip these ambiguities away in the name of a crude empiricism would rob these narratives of just that kind of information that makes them most valuable—the subtleties and nuances that they can capture and that simple transcripts cannot. Better models for understanding film can be found either in the direct acknowledgment and exploration of these ambiguities, or, alternatively, in the “analytic narratives” approach. Unlike Germano’s analytic film making, which prizes the abstract over the particular, analytic narratives gather their energy from the continuing tension between the particular and the abstraction.
Dissociation and Acquired Capability as Facilitators of Suicide Ideation Among Soldiers
Authors: Shelef Lea , Levi-Belz Yossi , Fruchter Eyal
Published: September 2014

Background: The phenomenon of suicide and suicidal behaviors during military service is universal, with a recent dramatic rise in some armies. Aims: The aim of this study was to shed light on the role of dissociation and habituation as facilitators of suicidal behavior, beyond other well-established risk factors of stress, such as depression and hopelessness. Method: The study group included 167 soldiers, aged 18–21 years divided into three research groups: soldiers who made suicide attempts, soldiers who were psychologically treated, and a control group of soldiers having no history of mental health treatment. All subjects completed a suicide ideation scale and instruments measuring stress, mental pain, bodily dissociation, and habituation. Results: Suicide attempters had higher levels of subjective stress as well as depression and hopelessness compared with the psychologically treated and control groups. Using regression analysis, suicide facilitators of dissociation and habituation explained a significant proportion of the suicidal ideation variance, above and beyond the contribution of stress, depression, and hopelessness. A combined effect of stress and facilitating factors amplifies the level of suicidal ideation among soldiers. Conclusion: Identifying psychological facilitators of suicide-like dissociation and habituation may contribute to understanding suicidal behavior in soldiers and assist in developing effective suicide-prevention initiatives in the military setting.
Role for MMP-9 in stress-induced downregulation of nectin-3 in hippocampal CA1 and associated behavioural alterations
Authors: van der Kooij Michael A. , Fantin Martina , Rejmak Emilia , Grosse Jocelyn , Zanoletti Olivia , Fournier Celine , Ganguly Krishnendu , Kalita Katarzyna , Kaczmarek Leszek , Sandi Carmen
Published: September 2014

Chronic stress is a risk factor for the development of psychopathologies characterized by cognitive dysfunction and deregulated social behaviours. Emerging evidence suggests a role for cell adhesion molecules, including nectin-3, in the mechanisms that underlie the behavioural effects of stress. We tested the hypothesis that proteolytic processing of nectins by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), an enzyme family that degrades numerous substrates, including cell adhesion molecules, is involved in hippocampal effects induced by chronic restraint stress. A reduction in nectin-3 in the perisynaptic CA1, but not in the CA3, compartment is observed following chronic stress and is implicated in the effects of stress in social exploration, social recognition and a CA1-dependent cognitive task. Increased MMP-9-related gelatinase activity, involving N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, is specifically found in the CA1 and involved in nectin-3 cleavage and chronic stress-induced social and cognitive alterations. Thus, MMP-9 proteolytic processing emerges as an important mediator of stress effects in brain function and behaviour.
A Macroscopic Reaction: Direct Covalent Bond Formation between Materials Using a Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction
Authors: Sekine Tomoko , Kakuta Takahiro , Nakamura Takashi , Kobayashi Yuichiro , Takashima Yoshinori , Harada Akira
Published: September 2014

Cross-coupling reactions are important to form C–C covalent bonds using metal catalysts. Although many different cross-coupling reactions have been developed and applied to synthesize complex molecules or polymers (macromolecules), if cross-coupling reactions are realized in the macroscopic real world, the scope of materials should be dramatically broadened. Here, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions are realized between macroscopic objects. When acrylamide gel modified with an iodophenyl group (I-gel) reacts with a gel possessing a phenylboronic group (PB-gel) using a palladium catalyst, the gels bond to form a single object. This concept can also be adapted for bonding between soft and hard materials. I-gel or PB-gel selectively bonds to the glass substrates whose surfaces are modified with an electrophile or nucleophile, respectively.
Development of a decision-support tool for identifying the most suitable approach to achieve nitrate source determination
Authors: Fenech C. , Nolan K. , Rock L. , Morrissey A.
Published: September 2014

A decision-support tool using IDEF0 modelling methodology was developed to differentiate point and diffuse sources of nitrate contamination. Using this tool, the environmental hazards and processes resulting from nitrate contamination can be better understood and appropriate actions for limiting the impacts of such can be taken.
A 2D azine-linked covalent organic framework for gas storage applications
Authors: Li Zhongping , Feng Xiao , Zou Yongcun , Zhang Yuwei , Xia Hong , Liu Xiaoming , Mu Ying
Published: September 2014

A highly crystalline and porous azine-linked covalent organic framework exhibits excellent CO2 uptake (17.7 wt%, 273 K and 1 bar) and high selectivity towards CO2 over N2 and CH4.
Catalytic enantioselective bromoamination of allylic alcohols
Authors: Qi Juan , Fan Guo-Tao , Chen Jie , Sun Ming-Hui , Dong Yu-Ting , Zhou Ling
Published: September 2014

The first enantioselective bromoamination of allylic alcohols has been developed using a newly designed quinine-thiourea catalyst.
Studies towards the synthesis of halomon: asymmetric hexafunctionalisation of myrcene
Authors: Braddock D. Christopher , Gao Alison X. , White Andrew J. P. , Whyte Mariko
Published: September 2014

A four-step sequence provides an enantiomerically pure hexafunctionalised myrcene as an advanced intermediate in the targeted synthesis of halomon.
A novel silicide and germanosilicide by NiCo alloy for Si and SiGe source/drain contact with improved thermal stability
Authors: Cheng Chi-Hsuan , Hsin Cheng-Lun
Published: September 2014

NiCo (10 at.% of Co) alloy was employed in the formation of metal silicide and germanosilicide as the contact layer which can be used as future complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor source/drain contact.
Density functional theory study of the magnetic shielding mechanism for11B in pentaborate minerals: ulexite and probertite
Authors: Zhou Bing , Michaelis Vladimir K. , Yao Yefeng , Sherriff Barbara L. , Kroeker Scott , Pan Yuanming
Published: September 2014

DFT calculations show that11B magnetic shielding in borates is determined mainly by its p orbitals and the nearest-neighbor O.
Role of the conformational flexibility of evodiamine in its binding to protein hosts: a comparative spectroscopic and molecular modeling evaluation with rutaecarpine
Authors: Domonkos Celesztina , Fitos Ilona , Visy Júlia , Zsila Ferenc
Published: September 2014

The inherent structural flexibility of evodiamine allows it to adopt different conformations depending on the nature of the environment.
Molecular hydration of propofol dimers in supersonic expansions: formation of active centre-like structures
Authors: León Iker , Millán Judith , Cocinero Emilio J. , Lesarri Alberto , Fernández José A.
Published: September 2014

Solvation of propofol dimers is characterized by the formation of hydrogen bond networks attached to an active site-like centre.
Graphene-mediated surface enhanced Raman scattering in silica mesoporous nanocomposite films
Authors: Carboni Davide , Lasio Barbara , Alzari Valeria , Mariani Alberto , Loche Danilo , Casula Maria F. , Malfatti Luca , Innocenzi Plinio
Published: September 2014

Highly performing mesoporous nanocomposite films with embedded exfoliated graphene and gold nanoparticles display a significant enhancement of G-SERS properties.
High thermal sensitivity and the selectable upconversion color of Ln, Yb:Y6O5F8 nanotubes
Authors: Zaldo Carlos , Cascales Concepción
Published: September 2014

The high thermal sensitivity of Er, Yb:Y6O5F8 and the selectable upconversion color light achieved with Pr, Er, Yb:Y6O5F8 indicate the suitability of easily prepared crystalline oxyfluoride microstructures in thermal sensing and for display and lighting technologies.
Jack of all trades: versatile catechol crosslinking mechanisms
Authors: Yang Juan , Cohen Stuart Martien A. , Kamperman Marleen
Published: September 2014

This review discusses the versatile and complex chemistry of catechols, detailing the various mechanisms and affecting parameters under different reaction conditions.
Carbon nanohorn-based electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Lodermeyer Fabian , Costa Rubén D. , Casillas Rubén , Kohler Florian T. U. , Wasserscheid Peter , Prato Maurizio , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: September 2014

For the first time, carbon nanohorns were implemented into solid-state and quasi-solid-state electrolytes for highly efficient DSSCs yielding efficiencies of up to 7.84% at room temperature.
Highly selective transfer hydrogenation of functionalised nitroarenes using cobalt-based nanocatalysts
Authors: Jagadeesh Rajenahally V. , Banerjee Debasis , Arockiam Percia Beatrice , Junge Henrik , Junge Kathrin , Pohl Marga-Martina , Radnik Jörg , Brückner Angelika , Beller Matthias
Published: September 2014

The functionalized anilines have been synthesized by the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes using cobalt oxide-based nanocatalysts.
Iodine-catalyzed regioselective sulfenylation of imidazoheterocycles in PEG400
Authors: Hiebel Marie-Aude , Berteina-Raboin Sabine
Published: September 2014

Formation of various 3-arylthioimidazoheterocycles using benign reagents and solvents with harmless by-products.
Nitrogen-doped CeOxnanoparticles modified graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Chen Jie , Shen Shaohua , Wu Po , Guo Liejin
Published: September 2014

Nitrogen-doped CeOxnanoparticles modified g-C3N4was successfully preparedviaa one-pot method, which showed significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for hydrogen generation under visible light compared to the pure g-C3N4photocatalyst.
Ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogen generation from glycerol and selective synthesis of lactic acid
Authors: Li Yang , Nielsen Martin , Li Bin , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Junge Henrik , Beller Matthias
Published: September 2014

Methods for hydrogen generation from glycerol and selective synthesis of lactic acid (67%) as well as other polyols are presented.
The pumping lid: investigating multi-material 3D printing for equipment-free, programmable generation of positive and negative pressures for microfluidic applications
Authors: Begolo Stefano , Zhukov Dmitriy V. , Selck David A. , Li Liang , Ismagilov Rustem F.
Published: September 2014

The pumping-lid method enables equipment-free, controlled generation of pressures using disposable parts that can be integrated with existing microfluidic devices.
A step forward in the sigma enigma: a role for chirality in the sigma1 receptor–ligand interaction?
Authors: Rossi Daniela , Marra Annamaria , Rui Marta , Laurini Erik , Fermeglia Maurizio , Pricl Sabrina , Schepmann Dirk , Wuensch Bernhard , Peviani Marco , Curti Daniela , Collina Simona
Published: September 2014

To investigate the role of chirality in the ligand–σ1 receptor interaction, a series of enantiomeric arylalkylaminoalcohols and arylpyrrolidinols was evaluated by means of both in silico and in vitro studies.
Supramolecular electron donor–acceptor complexes formed by perylene diimide derivative and conjugated phenazines
Authors: Gao Yunyan , Li Huizhen , Yin Shiwei , Liu Guixia , Cao Lu , Li Yi , Wang Xuesong , Ou Zhize , Wang Xin
Published: September 2014

The nanostructure and binding mode of the perylene diimide–phenazine complex can be modulated by the phenazine derivative substituents.
AC conductivity parameters of graphene derived from THz etalon transmittance
Authors: Zhang Weidong , H. Q. Pham Phi , Brown Elliott R. , J. Burke Peter
Published: September 2014

This paper presents a nondestructive etalon transmittance technique that can be used to derive lower THz – between 100 and 1600 GHz – complex conductivity of two-dimensional materials such as graphene.
From basic physics to mechanisms of toxicity: the “liquid drop” approach applied to develop predictive classification models for toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Sizochenko Natalia , Rasulev Bakhtiyor , Gajewicz Agnieszka , Kuz'min Victor , Puzyn Tomasz , Leszczynski Jerzy
Published: September 2014

HaCaTandE.colicells toxicity of MeOx nanoparticles were investigated. The new “liquid drop” model and SiRMS method were able to assess the factors responsible for toxicity.
Significant field enhancements in an individual silver nanoparticle near a substrate covered with a thin gain film
Authors: Xian Jinhong , Chen Linchun , Niu Hanben , Qu Jule , Song Jun
Published: September 2014

In this paper, we propose a method to significantly enhance the local-field of a gap plasmonic system by placing a metallic nanoparticle in close proximity to a substrate covered with a thin film using a gain material (∼100 nm thickness).
A surface functionalized nanoporous titania integrated microfluidic biochip
Authors: Ali Md. Azahar , Srivastava Saurabh , Mondal Kunal , Chavhan Pandurang M. , Agrawal Ved V. , John Renu , Sharma Ashutosh , Malhotra Bansi D.
Published: September 2014

We present a novel and efficient nanoporous microfluidic biochip consisting of a functionalized chitosan/anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles electrode integrated in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannel assembly for detection of total cholesterol.
Relative stability of benziporphyrin and naphthiporphyrin tautomers and the emergence of macrocyclic diatropicity
Authors: AbuSalim Deyaa I. , Lash Timothy D.
Published: September 2014

The conformations and relative stabilities of a series of benziporphyrin and naphthiporphyrin tautomers were calculated and the diatropic properties of each of these species were assessed. The results were in good agreement with experimental observations and allow favorable delocalization pathways to be identified.
Highly sensitive and rapid visual detection of ricin using unmodified gold nanoparticle probes
Authors: Hu Jingting , Dai Haichao , Sun Yujing , Ni Pengjuan , Wang Yilin , Jiang Shu , Li Zhuang
Published: September 2014

A sensitive aptamer-based colorimetric biosensor for the detection of ricin using unmodified gold nanoparticles as probe was developed.
Crystal plane effects of nano-CeO2 on its antioxidant activity
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhou Kebin , Zhai Yanwu , Qin Fei , Pan Lulu , Yao Xin
Published: September 2014

Due to the conflicting reports on the antioxidant activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles, much work has been done to explore the factors influencing the antioxidant activity of nano-CeO2.
Highly crystalline urchin-like structures made of ultra-thin zinc oxide nanowires
Authors: Gokarna Anisha , Parize Romain , Kadiri Hind , Nomenyo Komla , Patriarche Gilles , Miska Patrice , Lerondel Gilles
Published: September 2014

Synthesis of ultra-thin, well-aligned, monocrystalline, highly luminescent ZnO nanowires on polystyrene beads as templates.
Nafion®/SiO2/m-BOT composite membranes for improved direct methanol fuel cell performance
Authors: Wang Yituo , Han Guimei , Tian Zhe , Wang Meng , Li Jianling , Wang Xindong
Published: September 2014

Bentonite (BOT) has excellent hygroscopicity and large specific surface, so it is chosen as a dopant of Nafion® membranes in this paper.
Tuning of polyarylene ether nitrile emission profile by using red-emitting gold nanoclusters via fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Authors: Wang P. , Yuan L. T. , Huang X. , Chen W. J. , Jia K. , Liu X. B.
Published: September 2014

The fluorescent emission of polyarylene ether nitrile can be modulated with gold nanoclusters via FRET.
Mechanical pretreatments of lignocellulosic biomass: towards facile and environmentally sound technologies for biofuels production
Authors: Barakat Abdellatif , Mayer-Laigle Claire , Solhy Abderrahim , Arancon Rick A. D. , de Vries Hugo , Luque Rafael
Published: September 2014

The transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels represents an interesting and sustainable alternative to fossil fuel for the near future.
In situ synthesis of phosphate binding mesocellular siliceous foams impregnated with iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Tong Chee Ling , Eroglu Ela , Raston Colin L.
Published: September 2014

Large cavities embedded with iron oxide nanoparticles within mesocellular siliceous foams (MCFs) uptake phosphate ions from water effluent.
A homochiral luminescent compound with four-fold symmetry as a potential chemosensor for nitroanilines
Authors: Kumar Navnita , Khullar Sadhika , Mandal Sanjay K.
Published: September 2014

Crystal structure of the first homochiral luminescent compound of a dansylated amino acid (tyrosine) of Cu(ii), [Cu2(HTyr-N-Dan)4(H2O)2]·2H2O (1) (H2Tyr-N-Dan = N-dansyltyrosine), and selective sensing of nitroanilines by both the ligand and 1 are reported.
Ultra-flyweight hydrophobic poly(m-phenylenediamine) aerogel with micro-spherical shell structures as a high-performance selective adsorbent for oil contamination
Authors: Song Xun , Yang Siwei , He Lin , Yan Shuai , Liao Fang
Published: September 2014

Ultra-flyweight hydrophobic poly(mphenylenediamine) aerogel which can be used as high-performance selective adsorbent for oil contamination was fabricated via a simple two step approach from a poly(m-phenylenediamine) micro-spherical shell.
Inhibiting the shuttle effect in lithium–sulfur batteries using a layer-by-layer assembled ion-permselective separator
Authors: Gu Minsu , Lee Jukyoung , Kim Yongil , Kim Joon Soo , Jang Bo Yun , Lee Kyu Tae , Kim Byeong-Su
Published: September 2014

A novel strategy for introducing ion-permselective properties in a conventional polyethylene (PE) separator to inhibit the shuttle effect of polysulfides in high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries is reported.
Hyper-conjugated lithium carboxylate based on a perylene unit for high-rate organic lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Fédèle Lionel , Sauvage Frédéric , Bécuwe Matthieu
Published: September 2014

A high-rate cycling lithium carboxylate-based organic anode material using perylene core as a platform for stabilization is described.
One-step, seedless wet-chemical synthesis of gold@palladium nanoflowers supported on reduced graphene oxide with enhanced electrocatalytic properties
Authors: Li Shan-Shan , Wang Ai-Jun , Hu Yuan-Yuan , Fang Ke-Ming , Chen Jian-Rong , Feng Jiu-Ju
Published: September 2014

A simple, seedless wet-chemical route was designed for synthesis of well-dispersed Au@Pd nanoflowers on rGO. The as-prepared nanocomposites exhibited enhanced catalytic activity and better stability for ORR and EG oxidation in alkaline media.
A low dimensional composite of hexagonal lithium manganese borate (LiMnBO3), a cathode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Afyon Semih , Kundu Dipan , Darbandi Azad J. , Hahn Horst , Krumeich Frank , Nesper Reinhard
Published: September 2014

The nano h-LiMnBO3 composite delivers a high first discharge capacity of 140 mA h g−1 at C/15 rate within a reduced potential window.
Room temperature ferromagnetism in SnO2 nanoparticles: an experimental and density functional study
Authors: Chetri Pawan , Choudhury Biswajit , Choudhury Amarjyoti
Published: September 2014

Experimental and theoretical studies confirm that ferromagnetism in SnO2 appears owing to Sn4+ vacancies.
Extremely flexible, printable Ag conductive features on PET and paper substrates via continuous millisecond photonic sintering in a large area
Authors: Jo Yejin , Oh Sang-Jin , Lee Sun Sook , Seo Yeong-Hui , Ryu Beyong-Hwan , Moon Jooho , Choi Youngmin , Jeong Sunho
Published: September 2014

Highly flexible, rollable, printable Ag conductive features are generated on PET and paper substrates through instant continuous photonic sintering for olate-terminated Ag nanoparticles.
trans-Bis(alkylphosphine) platinum(ii)-alkynyl complexes showing broadband visible light absorption and long-lived triplet excited states
Authors: Jia Huiru , Küçüköz Betül , Xing Yongheng , Majumdar Poulomi , Zhang Caishun , Karatay Ahmet , Yaglioglu Gul , Elmali Ayhan , Zhao Jianzhang , Hayvali Mustafa
Published: September 2014

Broadband visible light-harvesting bis(alkylphosphine) platinum(ii)-alkynyl complexes based on resonance energy transfer were prepared and used for TTA upconversion.