bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baseline vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging characteristics associated with in-stent restenosis for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis
Authors: Tian Bing , Zhu Chengcheng , Tian Xia , Kang Qinqin , Shao Chengwei , Mossa-Basha Mahmud , Lu Jianping , Saloner David A
Published: March 2022

Background

Imaging factors, specifically baseline plaque features on high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) that could be associated with in-stent restenosis (ISR), are still unknown. We aimed to investigate the presenting clinical and plaque features on HR-VWI associated with ISR.

Methods

Sixty-four patients with intracranial stent placement for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis who had pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted HR-VWI on 3.0T prior to stenting were included in this analysis. Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 test, or the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel (CMH) test were used to compare clinical and baseline HR-VWI characteristics of the patients between the ISR and non-ISR groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic analysis were used to test the clinical and imaging factors associated with ISR.

Results

Among the 64 patients, 9 patients (14.06%) developed ISR during the 2-year follow-up period. Plaque burden (median 0.89 vs 0.92, P=0.04), minimum lumen area (0.009 cm2vs 0.006 cm2, P=0.04), plaque eccentricity (55.6% vs 89.1%, P＜0.01), enhancement ratio (1.36 vs 0.84, P＜0.01), and enhancement involvement (type 2 represents ≥50% cross-sectional wall involvement; 100% vs 63.6%, P=0.03) all significantly differed between patients with and without ISR. Multivariable analysis revealed that lower frequency of plaque eccentricity (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.96, P=0.04) and higher enhancement ratio (OR 3.57, 95% CI 1.02 to 12.48, P=0.04) were independently associated with ISR.

Conclusions

Preliminary findings showed that ISR was independently associated with plaque concentricity and higher enhancement ratios on pre-stenting HR-VWI for patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.
New Gedanken experiment on RN-AdS black holes surrounded by quintessence
Authors: Qu Yang , Tao Jun , Wu Jiayi
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we use the new version of Gedanken experiment to investigate the weak cosmic censorship conjecture(WCCC) for RN-AdS black holes surrounded by quintessence. The process of matter fields falling into the black hole can be regarded as a dynamic process. Since the perturbation of matter fields doesn’t affect the spacetime geometry, we propose the stability condition and assume the process of matter fields falling into the black hole satisfies the null energy condition. Based on the stability condition and the null energy condition, the first-order and second-order perturbation inequalities are derived. As a result, we show that the WCCC for RN-AdS black holes surrounded by quintessence cannot be violated under the second-order approximation of matter fields perturbation.
Quasinormal modes in two-photon autocorrelation and the geometric-optics approximation
Authors: Qian Wei-Liang , Lin Kai , Kuang Xiao-Mei , Wang Bin , Yue Rui-Hong
Published: March 2022

In this work, we study the black hole light echoes in terms of the two-photon autocorrelation and explore their connection with the quasinormal modes. It is shown that the above time-domain phenomenon can be analyzed by utilizing the well-known frequency-domain relations between the quasinormal modes and characteristic parameters of null geodesics. We found that the time-domain correlator, obtained by the inverse Fourier transform, naturally acquires the echo feature, which can be attributed to a collective effect of the asymptotic poles through a weighted summation of the squared modulus of the relevant Green’s functions. Specifically, the contour integral leads to a summation taking over both the overtone index and angular momentum. Moreover, the dominant contributions to the light echoes are from those in the eikonal limit, consistent with the existing findings using the geometric-optics arguments. For the Schwarzschild black holes, we demonstrate the results numerically by considering a transient spherical light source. Also, for the Kerr spacetimes, we point out a potential difference between the resulting light echoes using the geometric-optics approach and those obtained by the black hole perturbation theory. Possible astrophysical implications of the present study are addressed.
Quantum fields in teleparallel gravity: renormalization at one-loop
Authors: Casadio Roberto , Kuntz Iberê , Paci Gregorio
Published: March 2022

We consider the quantization of matter fields in a background described by the teleparallel equivalent to general relativity. The presence of local Lorentz and gauge symmetries gives rise to different coupling prescriptions, which we analyse separately. As expected, quantum matter fields produce divergences that cannot be absorbed by terms in the background action of teleparallel equivalent to general relativity. Nonetheless, the formulation of teleparallel gravity allows one to find out the source of the problem. By imposing local Lorentz invariance after quantization, we show that a modified teleparallel gravity, in which the coefficients in the action are replaced by free parameters, can be renormalized at one-loop order without introducing higher-order terms. This precludes the appearance of ghosts in the theory.
HV-Palindromes in Two-Dimensional Words
Authors: Mahalingam Kalpana , Pandoh Palak
Published: March 2022

A two-dimensional (2D) word is a 2D palindrome if it is equal to its reverse and it is an HV-palindrome if all its columns and rows are 1D palindromes. We characterize such words and study some of their combinatorial and structural properties. We also find the number of possible palindromic conjugates of a 2D word. We investigate an upper bound on the number of distinct non-empty HV-palindromic subwords in any finite 2D word, thus, proving the conjecture given by Anisiu et al. We also identify the minimum number of HV-palindromic subwords in an infinite 2D word over a finite alphabet.
Eliminating nonrenormalizability helps prove scaled affine quantization of φ44 is nontrivial
Authors: Fantoni Riccardo , Klauder John R.
Published: March 2022

Following a modest comparison between canonical and affine quantization, which points to positive features in the affine procedures. We prove through Monte Carlo analysis that the covariant Euclidean scalar field theory, [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the power of the interaction term and [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the spatial dimension and 1 adds imaginary time, such that [Formula: see text] can be acceptably quantized using scaled affine quantization and the resulting theory is nontrivial, unlike what happens using canonical quantization.
Towards a gravitational and supergravitational Elko theory
Authors: Nieto J. A. , León E. A.
Published: March 2022

We describe a possible and alternative route to connect gravity with Elko theory. Our approach is based on the possibility to introduce a totally antisymmetric gauge field in the generalized Elko field equation, which is an alternative extension of the Dirac field equation. The corresponding totally antisymmetric field strength ([Formula: see text]-form) is then associated with Grassmann–Plücker coordinates and therefore with a decomposable [Formula: see text]-form. We show that such a totally antisymmetric field strength can be considered as the square root of the Riemann tensor associated to a homogeneous space. Motivated by this result we conjecture that a full connection with Riemann geometry and therefore with general relativity must be possible if such a field strength is not decomposable. We also show how a supergravity version could arise from a generalization of the above ideas.
Effects of VC, M3C precipitates on the mechanical properties of Cr–Mo–Ni–V steels
Authors: Du Yunfei , Li Guodong , Zhang Li , Xin Zhijie , Miao Hongbin , Yuan Meini , Lu Huihu
Published: March 2022

In this study, various austenitizing temperatures were selected to explore their influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr–Mo–Ni–V steels. The dissolution of primary carbides during the quenching process and the precipitation behavior of carbides during the tempering process for the steels were investigated using SEM and EDS analyses. As the austenitizing temperature increases from [Formula: see text]C to [Formula: see text]C, VC can be dissolved into the matrix, and the pinning effect of VC on prior austenite grains is weakened. The dissolved V in the quenched condition has a retarding effect on the carbide precipitation upon tempering. With the austenitizing temperature increasing, both tensile strength and elongation of tempered steels are increased, as well as the impact toughness.
The wear resistance of Al–Si–Re alloys for electrical contact applications
Authors: Cheng Guang , Wang Hao , Wang Yuxin , Sui Hongtao , Yan Pengfei , Yan Biao
Published: March 2022

We prepared aluminum–silicon–rare earth (Al–Si–Re) elements alloys for electrical contact applications. Three Si weight percentages (wt.%) — 10%, 20% and 30% — were used, and rare earth (Re) elements were kept at 0.35 wt.%. The spraying forming process was adopted, and high-pressure hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was conducted to obtain the bulk materials from the as-deposited billets. The electrical conductivity of alloys with 10% and 20% Si reached 40% International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS). The hardness of Al–Si alloys significantly increased with Si content and HIP processing times. The hardness of alloy with 30% Si reached [Formula: see text]90 HV. Meanwhile, HIP reduced weight loss in the wear resistance by reducing the microcracks and materials removal. The current study proposes an approach to manufacture Al–Si alloys with high electrical conductivity and high wear resistance.
Cosmic backgrounds from the radio to the far-infrared: Recent results and perspectives from cosmological and astrophysical surveys
Authors: Burigana Carlo , Battistelli Elia Sefano , Bonavera Laura , Choudhury Tirthankar Roy , Lopez-Caniego Marcos , Skordis Constantinos , Sullivan Raelyn Marguerite , Tanimura Hideki , Tizchang Seddigheh , Tristram Matthieu , Weltman Amanda
Published: March 2022

Cosmological and astrophysical surveys in various wavebands, in particular from the radio to the far-infrared, offer a unique view of the universe’s properties and the formation and evolution of its structures. After a preamble on the so-called tension problem, which occurs when different types of data are used to determine cosmological parameters, we discuss the role of fast radio bursts in cosmology, in particular for the missing baryon problem, and the perspectives from the analysis of the 21 cm redshifted line from neutral hydrogen. We then describe the Planck Legacy Archive, its wealth of scientific information and next developments, and the promising perspectives expected from higher resolution observations, in particular for the analysis of the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect. Three cosmological results of the Planck mission are presented next: the implications of the map of Comptonization fluctuations, the dipole analysis from cross-correlating cosmic microwave background anisotropy and Comptonization fluctuation maps, and the constraints on the primordial tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio. Finally, we discuss some future perspectives and alternative scenarios in cosmology, such as the study of the Lorentz invariance violation with the cosmic microwave background polarization, the introduction of new gravitational degrees of freedom to solve the dark matter problem, and the exploitation of the magnification bias with high-redshift sub-millimeter galaxies to constrain cosmological parameters.
Estimation of Road Roughness Based on Tire Pressure Monitoring
Authors: Zeng Qing , Hu Xiaoyang , Shi Xiaodong , Ren Yiting , Li Yuan , Duan Zhongdong
Published: March 2022

The evaluation of road roughness plays a critical role in the life-long maintenance of the highway system. This study proposes a Kalman Filter-based scheme to evaluate the road roughness indirectly from the response of a moving adapted monitoring vehicle. Key feature of the scheme is the use of measurements from dynamic tire pressure of unsprung mass components that directly interact with roads. Combination of ideal gas law and elastic contact model results in a nonlinear relationship between the tire pressure and the contact force, in which the parameters are calibrated by the Extended Kalman Filter. Identification of vehicle’s physical parameters adopts the power spectrum method with a known-size bump test. Subsequently, the road roughness is treated as unknowns in the vehicle’s state-space equation and solved by the Discrete Kalman Filter with unknown inputs. The estimated road roughness profiles are then used to calculate the International Roughness Index and compared with that provided by the standardized laser profilometer, an outer-systematic comparison. On the other hand, available measurements are split into groups that measurements of tire pressure are used to predict the accelerations of the car body and wheels and compared with these accelerations directly measured from accelerometers, an inner-systemic comparison. Field tests are carried out on a 900[Formula: see text]m long standardized road under two scenarios of with and without the bump and four different vehicle running speeds from 20 to 50[Formula: see text]km/h. Consistence of comparison from different perspectives proves the reliability of the proposed scheme. In addition, the results unveil that the scenario with a lower running speed can offer a better estimation of road roughness.
A Hybrid Multiscale Finite Cloud Method and Finite Volume Method in Solving High Gradient Problem
Authors: Oh Miewleng , Yeak Suhoe
Published: March 2022

Meshfree methods are always the alternatives to be considered besides the finite element method in dealing with complex engineering problems. Among these complex problems, there are problems where discontinuities or high gradients may only emerge at a small region of a domain and the remaining parts of the domain are smooth and continuous. In this case, adding nodes to the critical region is essential for the better accuracy of solutions. It would be effective if a meshfree method is applied to the critical region and a mesh-based method is employed to solve the remaining part of the domain since node refinement is easier for a meshfree method whereas a mesh-based method is simple to develop and capable of producing accurate solutions for smooth regions. In this study, the finite cloud method (FCM) is coupled with the finite volume method (FVM) such that node refinement only takes place at the region where the FCM is applied. A handshaking approach is proposed to enforce the continuity near the interface where both methods are applied. Numerical examples and computation methods are presented in this paper and the numerical results are examined.
Zeph & Iris map the internet
Authors: Gouel Matthieu , Vermeulen Kevin , Mouchet Maxime , Rohrer Justin P. , Fourmaux Olivier , Friedman Timur
Published: March 2022

We describe a new system for distributed tracing at the IP level of the routes that packets take through the IPv4 internet. Our Zeph algorithm coordinates route tracing efforts across agents at multiple vantage points, assigning to each agent a number of /24 destination prefixes in proportion to its probing budget and chosen according to a reinforcement learning heuristic that aims to maximize the number of multipath links discovered. Zeph runs on top of Iris, our fault tolerant system for orchestrating internet measurements across distributed agents of heterogeneous probing capacities. Iris is built around third party free open source software and modern containerization technology, thereby presenting a new model for assembling a resilient and maintainable internet measurement architecture. We show that carefully choosing the destinations to probe from which vantage point matters to optimize topology discovery and that a system can learn which assignment will maximize the overall discovery based on previous measurements. After 10 cycles of probing, Zeph is capable of discovering 2.4M nodes and 10M links in a cycle of 6 hours, when deployed on 5 Iris agents. This is at least 2 times more nodes and 5 times more links than other production systems for the same number of prefixes probed.
M-Lab
Authors: Gill Phillipa , Diot Christophe , Ohlsen Lai Yi , Mathis Matt , Soltesz Stephen
Published: March 2022

Measurement Lab (M-Lab) is an open, distributed server platform on which researchers have deployed measurement tools. Its mission is to measure the Internet, save the data and make it universally accessible and useful. This paper serves as an update on the MLab platform 10+ years after its initial introduction to the research community [5]. Here, we detail the current state of the M-Lab distributed platform, highlights existing measurements/data available on the platform, and describes opportunities for further engagement between the networking research community and the platform.
Mobile augmented reality using deep learning for visually impaired people
Authors: Xie Tianshi , Seals Cheryl D.
Published: March 2022

Blind and visually impaired people cannot accurately judge the changes in their surroundings due to eyesight limitations, which increases the risk of accidents indoors and outdoors. We propose mobile ARML based on Mobile-Net Single-shot Detection (MobileNet-SSD), Augmented Reality (AR), and a Voice Interaction system for object detection and distance calculation. ARML aimed to (i) aid visually impaired people to avoid obstacles in daily life and (ii) quickly query the user-specified items utilizing computer vision; (iii) Integrates Lidar for both AR/VR experiences reducing additional equipment and improving detection accuracy of distance between users and obstacles. This system safely improves their ability to identify obstacles in their environment and improves the quality of life for visually impaired people. Experimental results indicate distance accuracy of 96% within the five-meter range, outpacing other research (Chen et al., 2019) and FPS more than forty-four frames per second, surpassing similar projects (Srinivasan et al., 2020).
Current Developments and Challenges of mRNA Vaccines
Authors: Chen Jinjin , Chen Jianzhu , Xu Qiaobing
Published: March 2022

mRNA vaccines have brought about a great revolution in the vaccine fields owing to their simplicity and adaptability in antigen design, potential to induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and demonstrated high efficacy, and rapid and low-cost production by using the same manufacturing platform for different mRNA vaccines. Multiple mRNA vaccines have been investigated for both infectious diseases and cancers, showing significant superiority to other types of vaccines. Although great success of mRNA vaccines has been achieved in the control of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, there are still multiple challenges for the future development of mRNA vaccines. In this review, the most recent developments of mRNA vaccines against both infectious diseases and cancers are summarized for an overview of this field. Moreover, the challenges are also discussed on the basis of these developments.
Mathematical Analysis of Cyclic and Sampled Current Voltammetries for the Description of Nucleation and Growth Processes of Metallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Santiago Carboney Armando , Crespo-Yapur D. Alfonso , Videa Marcelo
Published: March 2022

The electrodeposition of metallic nanoparticles was studied using numerical methods under progressive and instantaneous nucleation regimes to calculate cyclic and sampled current voltammetries. The cyclic voltammograms (CV) for both types of nucleation were calculated using diffusion and kinetics limited growth conditions. The sampled current voltammograms (SCV) were built from numerically generated chronoamperometric curves. Comparison of the SCV and CV curves shows that the current response corresponding to the progressive nucleation was similar under both growth regimes, although the nuclei density was considerably different. Under instantaneous nucleation, the CV and SCV showed similar current responses only under kinetic control due to similar cluster growth, and the diffusion-controlled growth showed a similar cluster growth, but a different current response. The comparison made in this work provides a guideline to understand experimental electrodeposition results and makes a good argument for using SCV to complement the CV curves.
Effect of the pH on the Corrosion Behaviour for a Ni59.5 Nb40.5 Binary Metallic Glass
Authors: Espinoza Vazquez Araceli , Soriano Carranza Andres , Figueroa Vargas Ignacio A. , Rodriguez Francisco
Published: March 2022

Ni-Nb binary metallic glass was synthesized by the melt spinning technique with a tangential wheel rotation speed during cooling of 6 m/s obtaining a glassy matrix which was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical properties were determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that this metallic glass is very resistant to corrosion, being better when exposed to corrosive media with pH = 0 and 7 in chloride ions presence. However, at pH = 14 the passive film is not homogeneous, and the corrosion rate increases with respect to the other systems.
Electrochemical Characterization of Titanium Alloy Anodized
Authors: Jáquez-Muñoz Jesús , Gaona Tiburcio Citlalli , Cabral Miramontes José Ángel , Estupiñán López Francisco , Lara-Banda Maria , Almeraya Calderon Facundo
Published: March 2022

The titanium has excellent electrochemical properties due to the formation of TiO2 on the surface. The capacity of generating a protective layer will depend on the titanium alloy used. Titanium alloys (Ti CP2, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Ti-6Al-4V, and Ti Beta-C) were anodized in H2SO4 and H3PO4 at 1M concentration employing a current density of 0.025A/cm2. Electrochemical characterization was made by potentiodynamic polarization (ASTM G61). Alloys anodized on H3PO4 presented an electrochemical behavior related to a more homogenous layer. Alloys with more beta stabilizers showed higher corrosion resistance than the anodized alpha and near alpha alloys.
Simulations of Galvanostatic Electrodeposition of Metallic Nanoparticles Under Diffusion Control
Authors: Garcia Roberto , Crespo-Yapur D. Alfonso , Videa Marcelo
Published: March 2022

Understanding nucleation and growth processes are fundamental in achieving morphological control during electrocrystallization. In this work, galvanostatic electrocrystallization from a monovalent metallic cation is simulated following Isaev & Grishenkova's model. The nucleation model was solved using a Runge-Kutta (RK) numerical method to simulate the overpotential during the electrodeposition of multiple nuclei following an overpotential-dependent probability distribution function. Based on this model, the effect of applied current pulse intensity on the particle size distribution is studied. The relation of current attributed to different processes occurring at the surface of the electrode and the overpotential response is also studied. Lastly, the effect of electrolyte-new phase surface tension on the size distribution of formed particles is also studied. Numerical simulations were done using different current pulse intensities, from 0.5×10-4 Acm-2 to 10-5 Acm-2 and different values of surface tension of 1×10-5, 1.3×10-5 and 1.6×10-5 Jcm-2.
Microhardness, Resistivity and Tribological Properties of Coatings Based on Hf/Hfn Bilayers Deposited By Sputtering
Authors: González Jorge Bertin , Hernández Torres Julian , Flores-Ramírez Nelly , Orozco Cruz Ricardo , Hernandez Jorge , Beltrán Vela Jehud , García González Leandro
Published: March 2022

In this work, coatings based on hafnium/hafnium nitride (Hf/HfN) bilayers were synthesized by the magnetron sputtering technique, producing coatings with 4, 8 and 16 Hf/HfN bilayers on AISI 316L steel and silicon (100). The surface morphology was studied, which shows a high uniformity of grain cluster groupings. Their microhardness was evaluated where the hardness of the 316L steel was improved by more than 3 orders of magnitude, with a value of 6.71 GPa for 8 Hf/HfN bilayers, this same condition reached a high value of electrical resistivity of 6.55x1014 µΩ-cm, a reduction in the coefficient of friction by about 25% with respect to 316L and presented a total delamination of the coating at 19.77 N, which could allow these coatings to be canted for corrosion protection of 316L steel.
Wear Resistance of WC-Co Bimodal Coatings Manufactured By HVOF With Different Types of Flames as an Alternative to Hexavalent Chromium for Landing Gears
Authors: Sn miguel Castro Juan Carlos , Lara-Banda Maria , Estupiñán Lopez Facundo Humberto , Tiburcio Citlali Gaona , Almeraya Calderon Facundo , Cabral Miramontes José Ángel
Published: March 2022

WC-based coatings are used more frequently for the great properties it provides, one of the most used processes to apply this type of coatings is the thermal spray, which provides a surface finish of great quality, nanostructured powders offer good physical properties and that Muscovites. Bimodal coatings of nanostructured and microstructure powder of WC-Co were made by HVOF thermal spray with modification of the flame type on stainless steel plates AISI 304. The coatings are characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, hardness analysis, volume losses and the coefficient of friction is evaluated. The results show that a type of oxidizing flame has the best properties in terms of wear resistance and reduction of the coefficient of friction.
Development of an Application in Python Language to Simulate Cyclic Voltammograms with Multiple Reaction Mechanisms.
Authors: Rodríguez-Valenzuela Francisco Javier , González-Meza Omar Alejandro , González Gutiérrez Ana Gabriela , Bárcena-Soto Maximiliano , Larios-Durán Roxana , Casillas Norberto
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the method of lines for predicting current responses as a function of potential for systems with single or multiple electron transfers, coupled with homogeneous chemical reactions and its implementation in an open-source code written in the freeware programming language Python is presented. The application of this method allows simulating cyclic voltammograms for any proposed mechanism and to obtain concentration profiles for each of the species participating in the reactions. Some of benefits for applying this strategy includes: a) the method does not require dimensionless variables, b) it is possible to carry out a direct simulation of current responses and concentration profiles for all participating species c) Its use is not limited by second party author copyright license and d) the method is easy to implement as an application.
Melissa officinalis L. Supplementation Provides Cardioprotection in a Rat Model of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis
Authors: Draginic Nevena D. , Jakovljevic Vladimir L. , Jeremic Jovana N. , Srejovic Ivan M. , Andjic Marijana M. , Rankovic Marina R. , Sretenovic Jasmina Z. , Zivkovic Vladimir I. , Ljujic Biljana T. , Mitrovic Slobodanka L. , Bolevich Stefani S. , Bolevich Sergey B. , Milosavljevic Isidora M.
Published: March 2022

Due to existing evidence regarding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Melissa officinalis extracts (MOEs), this study was aimed at investigating the potential of ethanolic MOE to prevent the development of myocarditis and its ability to ameliorate the severity of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) by investigating MOE effects on in vivo cardiac function, structure, morphology, and oxidative stress parameters. A total of 50 7-week-old male Dark Agouti rats were enrolled in the study and randomly allocated into the following groups: CTRL, nontreated healthy rats; EAM, nontreated rats with EAM; MOE50, MOE100, and MOE200, rats with EAM treated with either 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg of MOE for 3 weeks per os. Myocarditis was induced by immunization of the rats with porcine myocardial myosin (0.5 mg) emulsion on day 0. Cardiac function and dimensions of the left ventricle (LV) were assessed via echocardiography. Additionally, the blood pressure and heart rate were measured. On day 21, rats were sacrificed and the hearts were isolated for further histopathological analyses (H/E and Picrosirius red staining). The blood samples were collected to determine oxidative stress parameters. The EAM group characteristically showed greater LV wall thickness and lower ejection fraction (

50.33
±
7.94

% vs.

84.81
±
7.74

%) and fractional shortening compared to CTRL (

p
<
0.05

). MOE significantly improved echocardiographic parameters (EF in MOE200

81.44
±
5.51

%) and also reduced inflammatory infiltrate (by 88.46%;

p
<
0.001

) and collagen content (by 76.39%;

p
<
0.001

) in the heart tissues, especially in the MOE200 group compared to the EAM group. In addition, MOEs induced a significant decrease of prooxidants production (O2-, H2O2, and TBARS) and improved antioxidant defense system via increase in GSH, SOD, and CAT compared to EAM, with medium and high dose being more effective than low dose (

p
<
0.05

). The present study suggests that ethanolic MOEs, especially in a 200 mg/kg dose, improve cardiac function and myocardial architecture, possibly via oxidative stress mitigation, thus preventing heart remodeling, development of dilated cardiomyopathy, and subsequent heart failure connected with EAM. MOEs might be considered as a potentially helpful adjuvant therapy in patients with autoimmune myocarditis.
An Advertising Recommendation Algorithm Based on Deep Learning Fusion Model
Authors: Li Chunhui
Published: March 2022

With the rapid evolution of the Internet and smart mobile devices, personalized advertising is becoming increasingly acceptive on we-media platforms. Traditional advertising push cannot meet users’ demand for personalized advertising, leading to users’ resistance to advertising. Aiming to realize personalized advertising recommendation, an advertising recommendation algorithm based on deep learning fusion model is proposed. The bipartite graph model is applied to network representation learning method to decompose user and advertising content into two networks. The embedded representations of two types of nodes are obtained by training GraphSAGE model on their respective networks. The relation matrix of two kinds of nodes is obtained by using the crossproduct operation. Finally, feature information is extracted by convolutional neural network to achieve personalized advertising recommendation. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which also achieves good results in accuracy and convergence speed.
A Novel Nomogram and Risk Classification System Predicting the Cancer-Specific Survival of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients after Partial Cystectomy
Authors: Zhan Xiangpeng , Chen Tao , Jiang Ming , Deng Wen , Liu Xiaoqiang , Chen Luyao , Fu Bin
Published: March 2022

Purpose. To establish a prognostic model that estimates cancer-specific survival (CSS) probability for muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients undergoing partial cystectomy. Patients and Methods. 866 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2004–2015) were enrolled in our study. These patients were randomly divided into the development cohort (n = 608) and validation cohort (n = 258) at a ratio of 7 : 3. A Cox regression was performed to select the predictors associated with CSS. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the survival outcome between different risk groups. The calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the concordance index (C-index) were utilized to evaluate the performance of the model. Results. The nomogram incorporated age, histology, T stage, N stage, M stage, regional nodes examined, and tumour size. The C-index of the model was 0.733 (0.696–0.77) in the development cohort, while this value was 0.707 (0.705–0.709) in the validation cohort. The AUC of the nomogram was 0.802 for 1-year, 0.769 for 3-year, and 0.799 for 5-year, respectively, in the development cohort, and was 0.731 for 1-year, 0.748 for 3-year, and 0.752 for 5-year, respectively, in the validation cohort. The calibration curves for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year CSS showed great concordance. Significant differences were observed between high, medium, and low risk groups (

P
<
0.001

). Conclusions. We have constructed a highly discriminative and precise nomogram and a corresponding risk classification system to predict the cancer-specific survival for muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients undergoing partial cystectomy. The model can assist in the decision on choice of treatment, patient counselling, and follow-up scheduling.
Glaucoma Detection Using Image Processing and Supervised Learning for Classification
Authors: Joshi Shubham , Partibane B. , Hatamleh Wesam Atef , Tarazi Hussam , Yadav Chandra Shekhar , Krah Daniel
Published: March 2022

A difficult challenge in the realm of biomedical engineering is the detection of physiological changes occurring inside the human body, which is a difficult undertaking. At the moment, these irregularities are graded manually, which is very difficult, time-consuming, and tiresome due to the many complexities associated with the methods involved in their identification. In order to identify illnesses at an early stage, the use of computer-assisted diagnostics has acquired increased attention as a result of the requirement of a disease detection system. The major goal of this proposed work is to build a computer-aided design (CAD) system to help in the early identification of glaucoma as well as the screening and treatment of the disease. The fundus camera is the most affordable image analysis modality available, and it meets the financial needs of the general public. The extraction of structural characteristics from the segmented optic disc and the segmented optic cup may be used to characterize glaucoma and determine its severity. For this study, the primary goal is to estimate the potential of the image analysis model for the early identification and diagnosis of glaucoma, as well as for the evaluation of ocular disorders. The suggested CAD system would aid the ophthalmologist in the diagnosis of ocular illnesses by providing a second opinion as a judgment made by human specialists in a controlled environment. An ensemble-based deep learning model for the identification and diagnosis of glaucoma is in its early stages now. This method’s initial module is an ensemble-based deep learning model for glaucoma diagnosis, which is the first of its kind ever developed. It was decided to use three pretrained convolutional neural networks for the categorization of glaucoma. These networks included the residual network (ResNet), the visual geometry group network (VGGNet), and the GoogLeNet. It was necessary to use five different data sets in order to determine how well the proposed algorithm performed. These data sets included the DRISHTI-GS, the Optic Nerve Segmentation Database (DRIONS-DB), and the High-Resolution Fundus (HRF). Accuracy of 91.11% for the PSGIMSR data set and the sensitivity of 85.55% and specificity of 95.20% for the suggested ensemble architecture on the PSGIMSR data set were achieved. Similarly, accuracy rates of 95.63%, 98.67%, 95.64%, and 88.96% were achieved using the DRIONS-DB, HRF, DRISHTI-GS, and combined data sets, respectively.
Cytotoxic Activity and Lymphocyte Subtypes in Mice Selected for Maximal and Minimal Inflammatory Response after Transplantation of B16F10 and S91 Melanoma Cells
Authors: Castoldi Lindsey , Romagnoli Graziela Gorete , de Assis Golim Marjorie , Ribeiro Orlando Garcia , Martinez Ibañez Olga Célia , Maria Durvanei Augusto , Pinto Domeneghini Andréa Vanessa , Gameiro Maria Carolina , Martins Priscila Raquel , Mischan Martha Maria , Kaneno Ramon
Published: March 2022

AIRmax and AIRmin mice strains were selected according to the intensity of their acute inflammatory responsiveness. Previous studies have shown that AIR mice differ in their resistance to chemically induced skin tumors and in the development of melanoma metastases, in addition to differences in neutrophil and NK cells activity. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate whether the difference of susceptibility to murine melanoma is associated with NK cytotoxic activity against Yac.1 cells and lymphocyte subsets. Mice were subcutaneously inoculated with B16F10 or S91 melanoma cells. After 7, 14, or 30 days, the animals were euthanized to analyze the number of lymphocyte subsets, cytotoxic activity, and number of cytokine-producing spleen cells. AIRmax mice presented a higher number of CD4+/CD25+ cells than that of AIRmin mice following inoculation of B16F10 cells, whereas inoculation of S91 cells reduced CD4+/CD25+ and increased TCD8+ cell subsets in the AIRmax mice. AIRmax mice had a higher number of interleukin (IL)-10- and IL-12-producing cells and a lower number of interferon-γ–producing cells than those of AIRmin mice at 30 days. The cytotoxic activity of nonadherent spleen cells was similar in both the AIR strains. These results suggest that melanoma cells can induce different responses in AIR mice, possibly owing to alterations in regulatory mechanisms, such as the action of CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cells and IL-10, in AIRmax mice.
PIWI-Interacting RNA Pathway Genes: Potential Biomarkers for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Heng Baoli , Xie Xuexia , Zeng Wenjuan , Li Haomin , Shi Liping , Ye Wencai , Wu Fanyu
Published: March 2022

Background. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in the urinary system, yet effective diagnostic and prognostic markers are lacking. Recently, several of piRNA pathway genes have been reported to be associated with cancer diagnosis and prognosis, but their role in ccRCC is still unclear. Methods. We analysed the expression of 27 piRNA pathway genes in 539 kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and 72 nontumor tissue samples (data from TCGA), and 12 mRNAs were significantly different. The aim was to sift the piRNA pathway genes that are correlated with ccRCC patient survival and to construct a piRNA pathway gene risk prognostic model using Kaplan-Meier survival curve and ROC curve, respectively. Results. 5 piRNA pathway genes (TDRD7, GPAT2, PLD6, SUV39H1, and DOM3Z) were picked out and used to construct the piRNA pathway gene risk model. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that compared with that of the low-risk group of ccRCC patients, the OS of the high-risk group of ccRCC patients was significantly reduced. The predictive performance of the prognostic risk model was measured using a ROC curve, which individually showed AUC values for 1 year of 0.707, for 3 years of 0.713, and for 5 years of 0.701. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TDRD7 were overexpressed in the ccRCC datasets (data from our cohort, TCGA, GEO, and CPTAC) and ccRCC cell lines, and the expression levels correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics in ccRCC. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) showed that the mRNA expression level of TDRD7 was positively related to tumor immune infiltrating cells (TICs) in ccRCC. Mechanistically, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to uncover the mechanism of TDRD7 in ccRCC. In summary, the piRNA pathway genes,especially TDRD7, may be potential cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of ccRCC.
Male Gender Is Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis but Not with Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Huang Rui , Yu Ping , Ren Haoyu , Su Xinliang
Published: March 2022

Background. The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is higher in females than in males, but it remains unclear whether gender is associated with the aggressiveness of this disease. We aimed to clarify the influence of gender on the risk of developing lymph node metastasis (LNM) and on the prognosis of PTC patients. Study Design. Retrospective cohort study. Setting. Academic tertiary care center. Methods. Clinical data of PTC patients who were admitted to the Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, between January 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The differences in clinical features and outcomes between female and male patients were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of gender on LNM. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results. A total of consecutive 2536 patients were enrolled in this study. Males accounted for 25.2% (639 cases) of all patients. Central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) rates were 52.5% (1346/2536) and 22.0% (558/2536), respectively. Male presented with higher LNM rates than female patients (65.7% vs. 51.2%;

P
<
0.001

). Male gender was independently associated with LNM (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.59–2.35;

P
<
0.001

). After full adjustment, male gender still remained significantly associated with CLNM in all subgroups; however, subgroup analyses indicated no significant relationship between gender and LLNM. In addition, after a median follow-up period of 30 months, no significant difference was found in RFS between female and male patients (

P
=
0.15

). Conclusions. This observational cohort study revealed that male gender was significantly associated with CLNM; whereas, LLNM was not different between female and male PTC patients in southwestern China. Moreover, currently, there is insufficient evidence to justify that male gender is an independent prognostic factor for recurrence.
Application of the Delphi Method in the Construction of an Evaluating and Grading Scale for Evidence of Disease Prevention and Treatment in Ancient Books of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zhang Lei , Guo Xinfeng , Yang Shuo , Liu Sihong , Li Hongtao , Chen Guangkun , Gao Hongjie , Zhang Huamin , Tong Lin
Published: March 2022

Objective. This study aimed to develop a scale for evaluating and grading the evidence of prevention and treatment in ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in view of providing a reference for TCM clinicians, supporting the compilation or revision of evidence-based practice guidelines for TCM, improving the level of evidence-based research on ancient TCM books, and supplementing the development of evidence-based ancient TCM books. Methods. The Delphi method was used for consultation among 40 experts in relevant fields. Excel 2016 and SPSS 21.0 were used to analyze the positive coefficient, authority coefficient, degree of concentration, degree of coordination, and degree of expert consensus. Results. In the first round of the questionnaire, a total of 17 evaluation indexes were formulated in three aspects: 5 were deleted, 1 was modified according to the expert opinions, and no additional index was added. In addition, quantitative standards, weight assignment, and grading standards were developed according to the findings of the expert consultation. The positive coefficients of experts in the first and second rounds of questionnaires were 87.5% and 82.9%, respectively. The authority coefficient was 0.835 (>0.7). The coefficient of variation of the first and second rounds were 0.14∼0.29 and 0.09∼0.27, respectively. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of the first and second rounds were 0.135 (

p
<
0.05

) and 0.081 (

p
<
0.05

), respectively. Conclusion. The evaluation indexes and quantitative reference values of the developed scale conform to the characteristics of prevention and treatment evidence in ancient TCM books. It can provide a useful exploration tool for the evaluation and grading of evidences in TCM ancient books.
Research on the Construction of College Students’ Mental Health Security System
Authors: Gao Hui
Published: March 2022

With the development of modern society, people are increasingly pursuing quality of life and paying more attention to mental health education. Mental health education in colleges and universities should also conform to the development of the times, constantly reform the education mode, and help college students establish a healthy psychological environment, so as to better promote the growth of college students. From the perspective of positive psychology, a new idea of mental health education for college students has gradually emerged, that is, from the traditional negative intervention on college students’ psychological problems to positive mental health education. Strengthening the mental health education of college students is an important measure to fully implement the Party’s educational policy and implement quality education under the new situation, an important way and means to promote the all-round development of college students, and an important part of moral education in colleges and universities. College students’ mental health education should be guided by the theory of positive psychology, start with family, society, school, and other aspects to build a brand-new mental health education guarantee system, and finally achieve the purpose of improving college students’ psychological quality.
GNSS Single-Frequency, Single-Epoch Attitude Determination Method with Orthogonal Constraints
Authors: Jia Xizi , Cheng Gui , Ji Yuanfa , Sun Xiyan , Wu Jianhui
Published: March 2022

Attitude determination is one of the most considerable applications in high-precision GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning and navigation. For rigid-body applications, the baseline is approximately fixed on the same plane and its relative position does not change over time. This provides an important constraint that can be exploited to directly aid the attitude determination process. This study provides an attitude determination algorithm with orthogonal constraints for single frequency and single epoch by fully integrating the baseline orthogonal constraints into the observation equations. Carrier phase and pseudo-range measurement from more than two antennas are used to construct the double-difference observation equations. Given the inclusion analysis of the two search spaces, the LAMBDA algorithm is used to transform the non-ellipsoid space search into the ellipsoid space search. The attitude matrix is solved directly by the Lagrange multiplier method and the optimal solution is selected by search space verification. The analysis focuses on single-frequency, single-epoch, rigid-body attitude accuracy and calculation amount. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively improve the success rate and reliability of single-frequency and single-epoch attitude resolution.
Application of Convolutional Neural Network in Emotion Recognition of Ideological and Political Teachers in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Gao Bo
Published: March 2022

With the update of Internet technology and the development of we-media, ideological and political education in colleges and universities has been greatly impacted. Higher requirements are put forward for ideological and political teachers in colleges and universities, whose emotions seriously affect the quality and effect of teaching. Aiming at the problems of poor network generalization ability and large computation amount caused by many network parameters in the existing emotion recognition methods, a face emotion recognition method based on convolutional neural network is proposed. The network structure of nested Maxout multilayer perceptron layer is constructed by optimizing the convolutional neural model. Maxout can enhance the feature extraction capability of the convolutional layer of convolutional neural network. Meanwhile, Maxout performs linear combination of target features to select the most effective feature information. Then, the pretraining model is used for emotion recognition training. The strong perception ability of the model for facial features is retained by changing the important parameters. Simulation results demonstrate that this method has a higher recognition rate of face emotion and can effectively achieve accurate face emotion classification.