bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining Psychometric Variables Related to Use of Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Ge Yanbo , Ranjbari Andisheh , Lewis Elyse O’C. , Barber Eric , MacKenzie Don
Published: October 2019

With the goal of understanding autonomous vehicle (AV) adoption and use behavior, numerous behavioral studies and surveys have included variables intended to capture individuals’ perceptions of and attitudes toward AVs. However, the selection of questions to measure these psychometric variables appears to be ad hoc and, in many cases, arbitrary. In contrast, this study defines psychometric latent variables (LVs) that are related to the adoption and use of AVs and develops a set of questions to reliably measure them. By considering three psychological concepts (norms, perceptions, and attitudes) and nine qualitative utility constructs that influence individuals’ travel behavior, this study defines a comprehensive list of LVs and identifier questions to support their construction. A factor analysis of a nationwide n = 347 sample was used to obtain a minimum set of relevant LVs and questions to measure them. Ultimately, the factor analysis resulted in a final set of nine LVs specified by 44 questions (four or five questions for each LV). The final set of questions may be used by researchers or survey organizations interested in studying future trends of demand and adoption for AVs or other emerging transportation modes. The approach used in this study may also be employed in other contexts to define psychometric variables of interest and the questions needed to reliably measure them.
Superior–Subordinate Aggressive Communication Among Catholic Priests and Sisters in the United States
Authors: Chory Rebecca M. , Horan Sean M. , Raposo Peter J. C.
Published: October 2019

The Roman Catholic Church is one of the world’s largest and oldest organizations, yet communication among its members serving in ecclesiastical occupations (e.g., priests) remains relatively unexplored. The present study addresses this paucity of research by examining the relationship between 145 U.S. priests’ and sisters’ perceptions of their religious superiors’ aggressive communication and perceptions of the superiors’ credibility, as well as their own experiences of job and vocational satisfaction, motivation, and organizational commitment. Results indicated that superior verbal aggressiveness was associated with priests’ and sisters’ job motivation, organizational commitment, and perceptions of superior credibility, whereas superior argumentativeness only predicted perceptions of superior competence. The pattern of findings also suggests that superior aggressive communication functions differently across the ecclesiastical occupations studied, with diocesan priests appearing to be most influenced by their superiors’ aggressive communication and sisters seemingly the least influenced. Implications for management and organizational communication research and the Catholic Church are discussed.
Workers’ education under conditions of precariousness: Re-imagining workers’ education
Authors: Hlatshwayo Mondli
Published: October 2019

The increase in precarious forms of work has been extensively investigated by scholars. However, the implications of precarity for workers’ education have not been adequately explored. There is a great need for an approach to workers’ education that will advance the social and economic interests of precarious workers and other marginalised communities who are becoming a major segment of the workforce. Based on in-depth interviews, this article identifies education regarding wages, women and work, working conditions, labour laws and practical skills like public speaking, reading and writing as core elements of a curriculum for the education of precarious workers. Given that precarious workers tend not to be organised in formal structures, non-governmental organisations and trade unions will have to reach out to them to make sure that they provide alternative structures able to craft educational programmes that can build the confidence of precarious workers so that they can challenge their precariousness.

JEL Codes: I29, J46, J51, J61, J83
Deep Determinants of Corruption? A Subnational Analysis of Resource Curse Dynamics in American States
Authors: Tyburski Michael , Egan Patrick , Schneider Aaron
Published: October 2019

Drawing on comparative resource curse literature and American literature on the determinants of corruption, we argue that the impact of natural resource extraction on corruption outcomes is state-dependent. That is, in environments where corruption is already high, natural resource windfalls allow political actors and economic elites to take advantage of state brokerage, further increasing corruption. However, in previously less-corrupt states, increased natural resource extraction will not induce corruption. We rely on hierarchical linear models to interpret federal corruption convictions data for the fifty American states between 1976 and 2012 and employ generalized method of moments estimators to account for potential endogeneity. The findings are robust to alternative specifications and have implications for the management of new resource extraction opportunities.
The changing feel of place: the temporal modalities of atmospheres in Smithfield Market, London
Authors: Degen Monica , Lewis Camilla
Published: October 2019

Within the context of recent debates around urban atmospheres, this article examines the situatedness and partiality of urban experiences. Drawing on an ethnographic study of the Smithfield Market area, a neighbourhood undergoing a period of rapid urban regeneration as part of the ‘Culture Mile’ in the City of London, we explore how different individuals experience the changing feel of place. By focusing on the felt body, the article analyses the ways in which individuals with different attachments to the neighbourhood respond to the impending urban change and draw on selective temporal modalities of atmospheres in order to make specific claims to place. In particular, we identify three temporal modalities of atmospheres: the selective feel of the past, the contentious present feel and the ambivalent future feel. The article thus argues that studies of urban atmospheres need to pay more attention to the manifold bodily capacities, personal and social histories which mediate and position in diverse ways how places are experienced. More generally, this article makes an intervention into debates on urban atmospheres by analysing empirically how the variable interactions between sensory and temporal qualities produce diverse atmospheric constellations for different individuals.
Why Aren’t Students with Severe Disabilities Being Placed in General Education Classrooms: Examining the Relations Among Classroom Placement, Learner Outcomes, and Other Factors
Authors: Agran Martin , Jackson Lewis , Kurth Jennifer A. , Ryndak Diane , Burnette Kristin , Jameson Matt , Zagona Alison , Fitzpatrick Heather , Wehmeyer Michael
Published: October 2019

Placement decisions for students with severe disabilities have often been based less on the students’ unique learning needs but more on beliefs and presumptions about student learning, entrenched school district policies that restrict program delivery options, and other variables unrelated to student needs. In light of the benefits associated with inclusive practices for students with severe disabilities, this article examines the foregoing factors to better understand how they affect placement decisions and to identify barriers to implementing at a national level more inclusive placements. The article also addresses systems change solutions, and several new federally funded initiatives that could contribute to authentic changes in placement practices.
Physical Activity Practice and Healthy Lifestyles Related to Resting Heart Rate in Health Sciences First-Year Students
Authors: Honório Samuel , Batista Marco , Silva Maria-Raquel G.
Published: October 2019

The expression lifestyle describes a frame of expressed behaviors, usually in the form of patterns of consumption, that defines how an individual or social group fits into society. It presents as a focus of interest by researchers in this field, who classically favor the study of alcohol consumption, tobacco, eating habits, and physical activity. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between physical activity and healthy lifestyles, especially in terms of eating habits, tobacco, alcohol consumption, resting habits, and resting heart rate (RHR) in Health Sciences first-year students. A total of 177 students of both genders participated, of whom 31 (17.5%) were male and 146 (82.5%) were female, with a mean age of 20.20 years, from 18 to 30 years. The data collection instrument used was the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS), using SPSS 21.0 for descriptive statistics and the Cronbach α to evaluate the internal consistency of the questionnaires. A level of significance was adopted with a margin of error of 5% for a probability of at least 95% using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov technique and Mann-Whitney test for comparisons between practitioners’ students and genders. The results obtained demonstrate more favorable results in all variables in students practicing physical activity with significant differences in eating habits and RHR. In terms of gender, there were significant differences in all variables except for eating habits. We conclude that students practicing physical activity present more favorable results in terms of lifestyles combined with lower RHR values, considered as positive factors in terms of quality of life.
Restorative Servicescapes in Health Care: Examining the Influence of Hotel-Like Attributes on Patient Well-Being
Authors: Mody Makarand , Suess Courtney , Dogru Tarik
Published: October 2019

This study examines how 527 patients across different health states assessed the influence of hotel-like attributes on their well-being. Using theoretical mechanisms of attention restoration underlying restorative servicescapes, we postulated that hotel-like products and services will enhance patients’ perceived well-being, which, in turn, will favorably affect their behavioral intentions. We also tested an alternative model that included additional direct relationships between hotel-like products and services and behavioral intentions, based on the tenets of cue utilization theory. After conducting a series of nested model comparison procedures, we confirmed that the alternative model provided a theoretically and empirically stronger explanation for the dynamics of hotel-like restorative servicescapes. Although the differences between less healthy and more healthy patients were not statistically significant, the less healthy group demonstrated the same pattern of relationships as in the overall model, indicating that such patients may be more likely to derive greater restorative benefits from hotel-like hospital rooms, which may also make them more likely to pay higher out-of-pocket expenses for such rooms. The study furthers the empirical research agenda on evidence-based design (EBD) and the role of hospitality in health care.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans associated with a hamartochondroma of the lung: Diagnostic discussion of a pulmonary nodule
Authors: Harmouchi Hicham , Marouane Lakranbi , Sani Rabiou , Ibrahim Issoufou , Yassine Ouadnouni , Mohammed Smahi
Published: October 2019

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a malignant tumor of the soft tissue which is characterized by local recurrence with an exceptional metastasize, and for this reason, patients with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans require a long-term follow-up. This clinical case presents a 41-year-old patient, with no pathological history, who has a malignant tumor of the chest wall, with a pulmonary nodule, which appears on the chest computed tomography scan like a well-rounded parenchymal nodule measuring 15 mm in diameter. This case was discussed in the multidisciplinary meeting which concluded that it is a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with metastasis of the lung. In the context of these data, it is thought that the pulmonary nodule is of metastatic origin according to the decision of the multidisciplinary meeting, while the final diagnosis was a hamartochondroma, which is a benign tumor of the lung. The interest of this clinical case is to discuss the possible diagnoses of the pulmonary nodule in the context of malignant wall tumor.
The influence of feedstock characteristics on enzyme production in Trichoderma reesei: a review on productivity, gene regulation and secretion profiles
Authors: Novy Vera , Nielsen Fredrik , Seiboth Bernhard , Nidetzky Bernd
Published: October 2019

Biorefineries, designed for the production of lignocellulose-based chemicals and fuels, are receiving increasing attention from the public, governments, and industries. A major obstacle for biorefineries to advance to commercial scale is the high cost of the enzymes required to derive the fermentable sugars from the feedstock used. As summarized in this review, techno-economic studies suggest co-localization and integration of enzyme manufacturing with the cellulosic biorefinery as the most promising alternative to alleviate this problem. Thus, cultivation of Trichoderma reesei, the principal producer of lignocellulolytic enzymes, on the lignocellulosic biomass processed on-site can reduce the cost of enzyme manufacturing. Further, due to a complex gene regulation machinery, the fungus can adjust the gene expression of the lignocellulolytic enzymes towards the characteristics of the feedstock, increasing the hydrolytic efficiency of the produced enzyme cocktail. Despite extensive research over decades, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not fully elucidated. One aspect that has received relatively little attention in literature is the influence the characteristics of a lignocellulosic substrate, i.e., its chemical and physical composition, has on the produced enzyme mixture. Considering that the fungus is dependent on efficient enzymatic degradation of the lignocellulose for continuous supply of carbon and energy, a relationship between feedstock characteristics and secretome composition can be expected. The aim of this review was to systematically collect, appraise, and aggregate data and integrate results from studies analyzing enzyme production by T. reesei on insoluble cellulosic model substrates and lignocellulosic biomass. The results show that there is a direct effect of the substrate’s complexity (rated by structure, composition of the lignin–carbohydrate complex, and recalcitrance in enzymatic saccharification) on enzyme titers and the composition of specific activities in the secretome. It further shows that process-related factors, such as substrate loading and cultivation set-up, are direct targets for increasing enzyme yields. The literature on transcriptome and secretome composition further supports the proposed influence of substrate-related factors on the expression of lignocellulolytic enzymes. This review provides insights into the interrelation between the characteristics of the substrate and the enzyme production by T. reesei, which may help to advance integrated enzyme manufacturing of substrate-specific enzymes cocktails at scale.
Bioconversion of coal to methane by microbial communities from soil and from an opencast mine in the Xilingol grassland of northeast China
Authors: Wang Bobo , Wang Yanfen , Cui Xiaoyong , Zhang Yiming , Yu Zhisheng
Published: October 2019

Background

The Xilingol grassland ecosystem has abundant superficial coal reserves. Opencast coal mining and burning of coal for electricity have caused a series of environmental challenges. Biogenic generation of methane from coal possesses the potential to improve economic and environmental outcomes of clean coal utilization. However, whether the microbes inhabiting the grassland soil have the functional potential to convert coal into biomethane is still unclear.

Results

Microbial communities in an opencast coal mine and in grassland soil covering and surrounding this mine and their biomethane production potential were investigated by Hiseq sequencing and anaerobic cultivation. The microbial communities in covering soil showed high similarity to those in the surrounding soil, according to the pairwise weighted UniFrac distances matrix. The majority of bacterial communities in coal and soil samples belonged to the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. The dominant bacterial genera in grassland soil included Gaiella, Solirubrobacter, Sphingomonas and Streptomyces; whereas, the most abundant genus in coal was Pseudarthrobacter. In soil, hydrogenotrophic Methanobacterium was the dominant methanogen, and this methanogen, along with acetoclastic Methanosarcina and methylotrophic Methanomassiliicoccus, was detected in coal. Network-like Venn diagram showed that an average of 28.7% of microbial communities in the samples belonged to shared genera, indicating that there is considerable microbial overlap between coal and soil samples. Potential degraders and methanogens in the soil efficiently stimulated methane formation from coal samples by the culturing-based approach. The maximum biogenic methane yields from coal degradation by the microbial community cultured from grassland soil reached 22.4 μmol after 28 day.

Conclusion

The potential microbial coal degraders and methanogenic archaea in grassland soil were highly diverse. Significant amounts of biomethane were generated from coal by the addition of grassland soil microbial communities. The unique species present in grassland soil may contribute to efficient methanogenic coal bioconversion. This discovery not only contributes to a better understanding of global microbial biodiversity in coal mine environments, but also makes a contribution to our knowledge of the synthetic microbiology with regard to effective methanogenic microbial consortia for coal degradation.
Engineering the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce limonene from waste cooking oil
Authors: Pang Yaru , Zhao Yakun , Li Shenglong , Zhao Yu , Li Jian , Hu Zhihui , Zhang Cuiying , Xiao Dongguang , Yu Aiqun
Published: October 2019

Background

Limonene is an important biologically active natural product widely used in the food, cosmetic, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. However, the low abundance of limonene in plants renders their isolation from plant sources non-economically viable. Therefore, engineering microbes into microbial factories for producing limonene is fast becoming an attractive alternative approach that can overcome the aforementioned bottleneck to meet the needs of industries and make limonene production more sustainable and environmentally friendly.

Results

In this proof-of-principle study, the oleaginous yeastYarrowia lipolyticawas successfully engineered to produce bothd-limonene andl-limonene by introducing the heterologousd-limonene synthase fromCitrus limonandl-limonene synthase fromMentha spicata, respectively. However, only 0.124 mg/Ld-limonene and 0.126 mg/Ll-limonene were produced. To improve the limonene production by the engineered yeastY. lipolyticastrain, ten genes involved in the mevalonate-dependent isoprenoid pathway were overexpressed individually to investigate their effects on limonene titer. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) was found to be the key rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway for the improving limonene synthesis inY. lipolytica. Through the overexpression ofHMGRgene, the titers ofd-limonene andl-limonene were increased to 0.256 mg/L and 0.316 mg/L, respectively. Subsequently, the fermentation conditions were optimized to maximize limonene production by the engineeredY. lipolyticastrains from glucose, and the final titers ofd-limonene andl-limonene were improved to 2.369 mg/L and 2.471 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, fed-batch fermentation of the engineered strains Po1g KdHR and Po1g KlHR was used to enhance limonene production in shake flasks and the titers achieved ford-limonene andl-limonene were 11.705 mg/L (0.443 mg/g) and 11.088 mg/L (0.385 mg/g), respectively. Finally, the potential of using waste cooking oil as a carbon source for limonene biosynthesis from the engineeredY. lipolyticastrains was investigated. We showed thatd-limonene andl-limonene were successfully produced at the respective titers of 2.514 mg/L and 2.723 mg/L under the optimal cultivation condition, where 70% of waste cooking oil was added as the carbon source, representing a 20-fold increase in limonene titer compared to that before strain and fermentation optimization.

Conclusions

This study represents the first report on the development of a new and efficient process to convert waste cooking oil intod-limonene andl-limonene by exploiting metabolically engineeredY. lipolyticastrains for fermentation. The results obtained in this study lay the foundation for more future applications ofY. lipolyticain converting waste cooking oil into various industrially valuable products.
Joint inference and alignment of genome structures enables characterization of compartment-independent reorganization across cell types
Authors: Rieber Lila , Mahony Shaun
Published: October 2019

Background

Comparisons of Hi–C data sets between cell types and conditions have revealed differences in topologically associated domains (TADs) and A/B compartmentalization, which are correlated with differences in gene regulation. However, previous comparisons have focused on known forms of 3D organization while potentially neglecting other functionally relevant differences. We aimed to create a method to quantify all locus-specific differences between two Hi–C data sets.

Results

We developed MultiMDS to jointly infer and align 3D chromosomal structures from two Hi–C data sets, thereby enabling a new way to comprehensively quantify relocalization of genomic loci between cell types. We demonstrate this approach by comparing Hi–C data across a variety of cell types. We consistently find relocalization of loci with minimal difference in A/B compartment score. For example, we identify compartment-independent relocalizations between GM12878 and K562 cells that involve loci displaying enhancer-associated histone marks in one cell type and polycomb-associated histone marks in the other.

Conclusions

MultiMDS is the first tool to identify all loci that relocalize between two Hi–C data sets. Our method can identify 3D localization differences that are correlated with cell-type-specific regulatory activities and which cannot be identified using other methods.
Clinical use of renal point-of-care ultrasound after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Authors: Magalhães Luís , Nogué Ramon
Published: October 2019

Background

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is widely used to treat symptomatic nephrolithiasis. Complications of this procedure can occur and point-of-care ultrasound can help to diagnose and manage some of these cases.

Case presentation

A 61-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with intense right lumbar pain 24 h after being submitted to a extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Bedside ultrasound showed a hyperechoic subcapsular lesion along the right kidney. This finding, along with the clinical examination, suggested the diagnosis of subcapsular renal hematoma. The patient was managed conservatively with clinical and ultrasound reassessments.

Conclusions

This case shows the use of bedside ultrasound to diagnose a subcapsular renal hematoma as a complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. However, the sensitivity is low and other image methods can be necessary to make the diagnosis.
Adult T-type lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting as hypercalcemic crisis and aplastic anemia: a case report
Authors: Essouma Mickael , Soh Dorothée M. , Temgoua Mazou N. , Gobina Ronald M. , Nono Aristide T. , Atenguena Etienne Olivier , Maimouna Mahamat , Ashuntantang Gloria E.
Published: October 2019

Background

Hypercalcemia and aplastic anemia are two uncommon presentations of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that potentially worsen the disease prognosis. Although hypercalcemia has been reported in the B-cell subtypes and some T-cell subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it has not been described in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. The same applies to aplastic anemia, which is also not described in T-type lymphomas.

Case presentation

We report a case of a 52-year-old Cameroonian man with acute kidney injury who presented with confusion, abdominal pain, constipation, polyuria, polydipsia, calciphylaxis, enlarged lymph nodes, tachycardia, and a blood pressure of 170/88 mmHg. Laboratory investigations revealed hypercalcemia (total/ionized 199.5/101.75 mg/L), normal serum phosphorus (40.20 mg/L), and a low intact parathyroid hormone (9.70 pg/ml). Complete blood count revealed pancytopenia. Peripheral blood smear confirmed thrombocytopenia but showed neither blasts nor flower cells. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypocellularity with no blasts or fibrosis. Lymph node biopsy was suggestive of T-cell precursor lymphoma. T-lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting with hypercalcemic crisis and aplastic anemia was diagnosed, and the patient received the cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisone protocol of chemotherapy together with filgrastim and whole-blood transfusion for aplastic anemia. The short-term outcome was fatal, however.

Conclusions

Severe hypercalcemia and aplastic anemia are potential paraneoplastic syndromes of adult T-type lymphoblastic lymphoma, with fatal short-term outcome.
Biomechanical comparison of bi- and tricortical k-wire fixation in tension band wiring osteosynthesis
Authors: Nowotny J. , Bischoff F. , Ahlfeld T. , Goronzy J. , Tille E. , Nimtschke U. , Biewener A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Patients with a simple transversal fracture of the olecranon are often treated with a tension band wiring (TBW), because it is known as a biomechanically appropriate and cost-effective procedure. Nevertheless, the technique is in detail more challenging than thought, resulting in a considerable high rate of implant-related complications like k-wire loosening and soft tissue irritation. In the literature, a distinction is generally only made between transcortical (bi-) and intramedullary (mono-) fixation of the wires. There is the additional possibility to fix the proximal bent end of k-wire in the cortex of the bone and thus create a tricortical fixation. The present study investigates the effectiveness of bi- and tricortical k-wire fixation in a biomechanical approach.

Methods

TBW of the olecranon was performed at 10 cadaver ulnas from six donors in a usual manner and divided into two groups: In group 1, the k-wire was inserted by bicortical fixation (BC), and in group 2, a tricortical fixation (TC) was chosen. Failure behavior and maximum pullout strength were assessed and evaluated by using a Zwick machine. The statistical evaluation was descriptive and with a pairedttest for the evaluation of significances between the two techniques.

Results

The average age of the used donors was 81.5 ± 11.5 (62–92) years. Three donors were female, and three were male. Ten k-wires were examined in BC group and 10 in the TC group. The mean bone density of the used proximal ulnas was on average 579 ± 186 (336–899) HU. The maximum pullout strength was 263 ± 106 (125–429) N in the BC group and increased significantly in the TC group to 325 ± 102 (144–466)N[p = .005].

Conclusion

This study confirms for the first time biomechanical superiority of tricortical k-wire fixation in the olecranon when using a TBW and may justify the clinical use of this method.
Identifying vertical partnership among automotive component companies: empirical evidence from automotive industry in Jabodetabek, Indonesia
Authors: Syah Donny Oktavian
Published: October 2019

The goal of this research is to examine the relation between technology transfer, technical exchange, government role, and supplier performance of automotive industry in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. There are 99 companies in this study, consisting of 6 assembler companies, 59 tier-1 companies, and 34 tier-2 companies. The research was conducted by visiting sites and filling questionnaires based on Likert scale to the person in charge at middle-up management level who understand or is responsible for measuring product quality (purposive sampling). The result of the questionnaires was processed and analysed by partial least square path modelling (PLS-PM), using Smart PLS 3.2.7 software. The result showed that there was a significant impact of government role to technology transfer (p value 0.000), technology transfer to supplier performance improvement (p value 0.056), and technical exchange to supplier performance improvement (p value 0.074). However, there was no significant impact of government role to supplier performance improvement (p value 0.179).
The effects of antenatal corticosteroid exposure on the rate of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns
Authors: Çöl Madendağ İlknur , Eraslan Sahin Mefkure
Published: October 2019

Objective: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a short-lasting benign condition that affects approximately 60% of infants born at term infants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) exposure on the rate of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Health Sciences University Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Turkey from June 2017 to June 2018. A total of 6254 pregnant participants aged between 18 and 35 years with a singleton pregnancy were included in the study. The study group included 354 women with low-risk pregnancies (no perinatal risk except threatened preterm labor) who received ACS treatment and were hospitalized because of the threat of preterm labor before the 34th gestational week but delivered after 37 weeks of gestation. The control group was composed of 5900 women with low-risk pregnancies who did not receive ACS treatment throughout their pregnancy and delivered after 37 weeks of gestation.
Results: Maternal age, mean body mass index, gestational week at delivery, nulliparity, previous cesarean history, sex of the baby, fetal weight, labor induction, vaginal delivery, and five minutes. Apgar score were similar in both groups. The neonatal hyperbilirubinemia rate was 20/354 (5.6%) in the ACS treatment group and 564/5900 (9.6%) in the control group.
Conclusions: The neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was significantly decreased in term-born babies exposed to ACS before 34 weeks.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1218
How to cite this:Madendag IC, Sahin ME. The effects of antenatal corticosteroid exposure on the rate of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1582-1586. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1218
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Mental health problems and psychological burnout in Medical Health Practitioners: A study of associations and triadic comorbidity
Authors: Ashraf Farzana , Ahmad Hassaan , Shakeel Muneeba , Aftab Sana , Masood Afsheen
Published: October 2019

Background and Objective: Mental health problems not only affect the common person but also medical health practitioners (MHPs) dealing with health care issues of patients. The current study aimed to explore the triadic (three dimensional) comorbidity of mental health problems and its association with three forms of psychological burnout (person, client and work related).

Methods: This correlational study was conducted at three hospitals of Islamabad/ Rawalpindi (Holy Family Hospital=57, District Headquarter Hospital=60, and Benazir Bhutto Hospital=40) from June 2018 to September 2018. The sample comprised of 157 medical health practitioners (medical doctors) serving in general ward (n=64), emergency (n=60) and OPD (n=33) sections. The participants were administered self-report measures of DASS-21 and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory.

Results: Triadic comorbidity of depression, anxiety and stress ranged from 9% to 26% for excessive severe and normal levels respectively. Comorbidity of work related and personal related burnout at severe level was found 8%. Further, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were strongly associated with psychological burnout at .0001 significance level.

Conclusion: MHPs demonstrated excessive severe comorbidity of depression, anxiety and stress simultaneously. Along with this triadic comorbidity, the presence of severe psychological burnout is alarming and affecting overall efficiency and mental health of doctors which need to be identified, screened out and managed timely and managed properly.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.444

How to cite this:Ashraf F, Ahmad H, Shakeel M, Aftab S, Masood A. Mental health problems and psychological burnout in Medical Health Practitioners: A study of associations and triadic comorbidity. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1558-1564. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.444

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Undiagnosed Hemoglobinopathies: A potential threat to the premarital screening program
Authors: Hamali Hassan Abdu , Saboor Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed hemoglobinopathies among individuals visiting the premarital screening Centre.

Methods: This study was conducted at Premarital Screening Centre, King Fahad Central Hospital and Research Centre, Jazan, between January 2018 and October 2018. A total of 3,970 (male n =1,859 and female n = 2,111) individuals were included in the study. Data of complete blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis and sickling tests of all individuals recruited in the study were obtained and statistically analyzed.

Results: One thousand three hundred and twelve individuals had abnormal complete blood counts or hemoglobin electrophoresis results, that include sickle cell trait (13.5%), sickle cell disease (0.7%), β thalassemia with sickle cell trait (2.46%), β thalassemia trait (1.51%), β thalassemia major (0.075%), suspected α thalassemia or other hemoglobinopathies (4.43%), hemoglobin H (0.3%), hemoglobin E (0.075%), undiagnosed cases (0.91%) and iron deficient (7.23%).

Conclusion: A high percentage of individuals are suspected for α thalassemia or other hemoglobinopathies that needs to be diagnosed. Further investigations shall be included in the premarital screening program to diagnose these inconclusive cases. Coexistence iron deficiency with thalassemia shall also be ruled out during premarital screening program.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.976

How to cite this:Hamali HA, Saboor M. Undiagnosed Hemoglobinopathies: A potential threat to the premarital screening program. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1611-1615.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.976

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Το νευροψυχολογικό προφίλ και η ενίσχυση της αναγνωστικής κατανόησης των μαθητών με δυσλεξία μέσω γνωστικών και μεταγνωστικών στρατηγικών: Αποτελεσματικές σχολικές παρεμβάσεις στην ηλικία των 11 έως και 12 ετών
Authors: Μουτσινάς Γεώργιος , Ντζιαβίδα Αθηνά , Μαχιά Αναστασία
Published: October 2019

H παρούσα εργασία στοχεύει στην επικαιροποιημένη περιγραφή του γνωστικού και μεταγνωστικού προτύπου της πρόσληψης γραπτού λόγου των μαθητών με δυσλεξία ηλικίας 11-12 χρόνων, καθώς και των αποτελεσματικών σχολικών παρεμβατικών προγραμμάτων για την υποστήριξη της αναγνωστικής τους κατανόησης διαμέσου της εκμάθησης σχετικών γνωστικών και μεταγνωστικών στρατηγικών. Έπειτα από μια συστηματική βιβλιογραφική αναζήτηση, ανασκοπούνται συνολικά 21 αγγλόγλωσσες έρευνες δημοσιευμένες στο διάστημα 2010-2017, 9 στο πρώτο μέρος της εργασίας (νευροψυχολογικό προφίλ των παιδιών) και 12 στο δεύτερο (αποτελεσματικές σχολικές παρεμβάσεις). Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα των μελετών, το γλωσσικό πρότυπο των μαθητών με δυσλεξία αυτής της ηλικιακής ομάδας διέπεται, μεταξύ άλλων, από ελλείμματα στη μνήμη, τις εκτελεστικές λειτουργίες, την αναγνωστική ευχέρεια και σε ένα εύρος γνωστικών και μεταγνωστικών στρατηγικών επεξεργασίας και πρόσληψης κειμένου, οδηγώντας στην περιορισμένη αναγνωστική κατανόηση των παιδιών και τη χαμηλή συνολική σχολική τους επίδοση. Σε ανταπόκριση στις παραπάνω δυσκολίες των μαθητών, έχουν υλοποιηθεί εκπαιδευτικές παρεμβάσεις διαφοροποιημένης και εξατομικευμένης διδασκαλίας, αλληλοδιδασκαλίας συνομηλίκων και τεχνολογικά υποστηριζόμενα προγράμματα. Στις προσεγγίσεις διεξήχθη ρητή ή άμεση διδασκαλία ή/ και μοντελοποίηση, κατά πλειοψηφία στην ολομέλεια των τάξεων φοίτησης των εκπαιδευομένων. Σε όλες τις παρεμβάσεις, διαπιστώθηκε κυμαινόμενη βελτίωση της πρόσληψης γραπτού λόγου των αποδεκτών τους. Ταυτόχρονα, βρέθηκαν η αύξηση της αναγνωστικής τους ευχέρειας και η προώθηση ενός συνόλου κοινωνικο-συναισθηματικών τους δεξιοτήτων, σε συνάρτηση με συγκεκριμένα ενδοατομικά τους χαρακτηριστικά. Κατόπιν αυτών, οι ανασκοπηθείσες μελέτες προσεγγίζονται κριτικά, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τους περιορισμούς τους, αλλά και τον πολυπαραγοντικό και πολυεπίπεδο χαρακτήρα των εξεταζόμενων ικανοτήτων των συμμετεχόντων τους. Καταληκτικά, διατυπώνεται ένα σύνολο προτάσεων μελλοντικής έρευνας, αποβλέποντας στην προσαρμοσμένη, σφαιρική, μακροπρόθεσμη και ενταξιακή υποστήριξη των ατόμων.
Η γλωσσική ανάπτυξη δίγλωσσων παιδιών και η σχέση της με την οικογενειακή γλωσσική πολιτική: Έρευνα σε αλβανικές οικογένειες στην περιοχή της Φλώρινας
Authors: Μαλιγκούδη Χριστίνα , Κωτοπούλου Ειρήνη
Published: October 2019

Στη σύγχρονη ελληνική κοινωνία είναι συχνό το φαινόμενο των πολύγλωσσων οικογενειών εξαιτίας παραγόντων όπως μετακίνησης, μετανάστευσης, προσφυγιάς κ.λπ. Οι διεπιδράσεις σε πολύγλωσσες οικογένειες βρίσκονται στο σταυροδρόμι μεταξύ γλωσσικής πολιτικής και δίγλωσσης ανάπτυξης των παιδιών (Van Mensel, 2018) και για αυτό στη σύγχρονη βιβλιογραφία η οικογενειακή γλωσσική πολιτική (family language policy) έχει συνδεθεί στενά με το ερευνητικό πεδίο της κατάκτησης δεύτερης γλώσσας (second language acquisition), καθώς υπάρχει ανάγκη για αναθεώρηση της φύσης της γλωσσικής εκμάθησης μέσα σε έναν πολύγλωσσο κόσμο (Higgins, 2018). Το παρόν άρθρο διερευνά τις στάσεις και πρακτικές έξι οικογενειών (γονέων και παιδιών) που ζουν στη Φλώρινα και έχουν αλβανική καταγωγή, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις γλωσσικές πρακτικές, επιλογές και ιδεολογίες τους που φαίνεται ότι επηρεάζουν τη γλωσσική ανάπτυξη των παιδιών τους.
The University: An Architectural Type?
Authors: Baudez Basile
Published: October 2019

The University: An Architectural Type?
The University of Padua in the Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment: The New Academic Building and the Definition of Urban Space
Authors: Zaggia Stefano
Published: October 2019

The University of Padua in the Renaissance and the Age ofEnlightenment: The New Academic Building and the Definition of Urban Space
Architecture for Teaching, Learning and Research: Academic Architecture at German Universities in the European Context from the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment
Authors: Vogel Gerd-Helge
Published: October 2019

Architecture for Teaching, Learning and Research: Academic Architectureat German Universities in the European Context from the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment
Leipzig University at the Time of Johann Wilhelm Krause and Its Modernisation during the 19th Century
Authors: Fülberth Andreas
Published: October 2019

Leipzig University at the Time of Johann Wilhelm Krause and Its Modernisation during the 19th Century
Empirical Analysis and Design of Social Projects Communication Landscape
Authors: Курганов Максим , Kurganov Maksim , Пономарева Татьяна , Ponomareva Tatyana
Published: October 2019

The article contains the results of an empirical study devoted to the development of a universal management tool in the field of interaction with such social projects stakeholders as investors and project managers. The management tool is presented in the form of a reference model of the communication landscape with methodological recommendations for its use. The empirical basis of the study was 5356 social projects in Russia and the Perm Territory, a series of in-depth interviews with social project organizers, survey data from more than 150 respondents involved in the process of attracting investments in social projects. It is important to emphasize that the practical application of the universal management tool allows us to solve the problems in attracting investors to social projects comprehensively, taking into account the industrial, regional, typological and other features of the participants in the investment process, while forming effective attributes of the investment brand, including: an individual approach to the development of an investment proposal, "Personal stories", reflecting the social values of the project, reputational and other investors’ benefits. Moreover, the model of the communication landscape can form the basis for the creation of a digital platform, aimed at accumulating the existing variety of social projects of a specific territory and solving strategic problems in stakeholder management within the social projects industry.
Testovací článek 1
Authors: Příjmení Jméno
Published: October 2019

Tady je abstract testovacího článku
Domestic dogs: the behavioural implications of social living. Part 1
Authors: Hargrave Claire Patricia
Published: October 2019

For many, the term ‘domestic dog’ implies that the dog should experience no problems in coexisting with humans in domestic, family homes. This article is the first of a two-part series that takes a brief look at the likely domestication process for the dog and the development of the dog's innate capacity for social flexibility with other dogs and humans. A second article will consider how well the dog's social capacity fits it for coping with social encounters with both dogs and humans in a complex human environment.
Small Animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn
Published: October 2019

Precursor-targeted immune-mediated anaemia, also known as steroid responsive anaemia, is a non-regenerative anaemia that involves destruction of erythroid precursors by the immune-system. Treatment requires long-term immunosuppressive therapy, often over many months.
RCVS, diversity and inclusion
Authors: Connell Niall
Published: October 2019

Diversity and inclusion within the veterinary profession are important, and the RCVS has set up a working group to look at how these can be improved.
Consumption on the Orient Express: Commodification and gamification of urban mobility in Tokyo Metro campaigns
Authors: Qiao Mina
Published: October 2019

The commodification and gamification of urban mobility is a trending urban phenomenon in Japan. Since its privatization in 2004, Tokyo Metro, one of Tokyo’s major public transportation providers, has conducted various business campaigns to package mobility as a desirable commodity. This article looks into that ways in which Tokyo Metro’s campaigns reinforce urban spectacles and reduce urban experiences into consumptions. The advances in technologies and the emergence of social media also facilitate consumer behaviours in the campaigns. Such campaigns transform the interrelations between railway mobility and mass consumption from ‘moving for consuming’ to ‘moving is consuming’. In the near future, the commodification, gamification and diversification of railway mobility will become the norm in urban Japan as human activities become increasingly dependent upon mass public transportation. This is an inexorable outcome of the mixture of financial needs, a highly mature consumer culture, dependence on railway systems, aggregating commodification of urban spaces and the incessant quest for novel types of consumption.
When the world asserts itself with all its might
Authors: Andreescu Florentina C.
Published: October 2019

Remembrance's cinematic events generate an urge for the two characters to throw themselves into the world anew. Alfred feels an impulse to embrace fully his agency and the wondrous vivacity of his sensorial world, while Aurora yearns to discover the mysterious nature of her own being through Alfred's senses.
ESTIMASI HERITABILITAS DAN RESPONS SELEKSI IKAN NILA HITAM (Oreochromis niloticus) DI TAMBAK
Authors: Robisalmi Adam
Published: October 2019

Genetic improvement in the establishment of a rapid growth strain of Nile tilapia might be achieved through selective breeding program This research was aimed to estimate heritability and response selection of nile tilapia in brackishwater pond. Breeding  activity was carried out in fresh water in hapa 2x1x1 m. Males and females were breeding in pairs with a ratio of 1: 1. The number of established families was 19 families of 50 broodstock pairs. Harvesting of larvae was done on day 14. Larvae were collected and then kept in net 2 x 2 x1 m  with stocking density 125 fish/m2 for 60 days. The next stage was sexing  by grouping the male and female populations in each family. Grow out was carried out in net cage (3 x 5 x1.5 m ) that were placed in brackiswater pond at salinity 25–30 g/L with density 10 fish/m2.  Selection of broodstock in the male and female populations was done on weight of 250–300 g. Cut off selection was determined on weight from 316 to 382g (male) and 221–315 g (female). The results of this study showed that the estimation value for heritability of male and female were 0.42 ± 0.22 and 0.42 ± 0.23 and the estimation value for response selection were 10.66% (male) and 10.92% (female).
ANCAMAN JENIS IKAN ASING LOUHAN TERHADAP IKAN ENDEMIK DI DANAU MATANO, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Nasution Syahroma Husni , Haryani Gadis Sri , Dina Rahmi , Samir Octavianto
Published: October 2019

Lake Matano is one of the ancient lakes in Sulawesi where some endemic fish species of Telmatherina, Mugilogobius, Oryziasand Glossogobius matanensis lived. The presence of alien species can be on threat for the loss of biodiversity in fresh waters, including endemic fish in Lake Matano. The research aim to review the threat of louhan fish as alien species to endemic fish in Lake Matano. The study was conducted in Lake Matano at five stations in April and August 2015 namely Lawa, Nuha, Petea, Pantai Impian, and Pantai Kupu-kupu. Sam-ples were collected using experimental gillnet with mesh size of ¾; 1; 1¼; 1⅟2; 2; 2,5; and 3 inches. Fouteen species were found consist of 10 endemic species and red list.These were three of genus Glossogobius, seven species of Telmatherina, and four alien species of the carp (Cyprinus carpio), louhan, gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus), and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The most common species of endemic fish is T. antoniae. Louhan is the result of a hybrid species Amphilopus citrinellus x Cichlasoma trimaculatum. The abundance of louhan is 64 in April and 40 fishes in August, respectively at a time caught. The percentage ratio of louhan to endemic fish was of 8.6% and 18.3%. This indicated that the louhan fish tend to be invasive and certainly threatened endemic fish survival in this lake. The maturity of gonads of louhan is in the level of I - IV that enables the fish to reproduce quickly.