bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITY: ETHNOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVES ON MARRIAGE PRACTICES IN ETHIOPIA, NAMIBIA, ROMANIA AND SENEGAL
Authors:   University of Oradea, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, Oradea, Romania, TĂTAR Corina Florina , SONKO Seedou Mukthar ,   Assane Seck University Ziguinchor, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Department of Tourism, Ziguinchor, Senegal, SAMBOU Alphonse ,   Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Department of Tourism, Ziguinchor, Senegal, MANUEL Isobel ,   Namibia University of Science and Technology, Department of Hospitality and Tourism, Windhoek, Namibia, WULETAW Workie ,   Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, TĂTAR Marius Ioan ,   University of Oradea, Department of Political Science and Communication Studies, Oradea, Romania
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the traditional marriage practices of four culturally distinct
communities: the Amhara in Ethiopia, Damara/Nama in Namibia, Crișana in Romania, and Diola in Senegal to understand
their cultural significance, evolution, and resilience in the face of globalization and modernization. Employing ethnographic
research methods, including field surveys, structured interviews, and literature reviews, the study highlights the pre-marital,
marital, and post-marital rituals that define the cultural identity of these groups. The findings reveal both unique and shared
elements in engagement ceremonies, dowry practices, wedding attire, and familial roles. While some communities, such as
Crișana and Amhara, exhibit a blend of tradition and modernity, others, like Damara/Nama and Diola, remain more rooted in
traditional norms. The insights gained contribute to broader understandings of cultural diversity, social dynamics, and the
evolution of traditional practices in a globalized world. By documenting and analyzing these marriage practices, the research
contributes to preserving the cultural heritage and can foster cultural appreciation for tourist experiences capitalized in some
countries through the living museums (i.e. Damaraland, Mbunza, etc from Namibia).
ON THE PATH TO TOURISM DIGITALIZATION: THE DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM BY THE EXAMPLE OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Almaty Management University, Graduate School of Business, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SHILIBEKOVA Balzhan , PLOKHIKH Roman ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Department of Recreation Geography and Tourism, Almaty, Kazakhstan; University of International Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Almaty, Kazakhstan, DÁVID Lóránt Dénes ,   John von Neumann University, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Kecskemét, Hungary; Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Institute of Rural Development and Sustainable Economy, Department of Sustainable Tourism, Gödöllő, Hungary; Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Savaria University Centre, Savaria Department of Business Economics, Szombathely, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary
Published: December 2024

Global digitalization dramatically affects tourism actions, varying the principles of its organization, data support and
the traveler himself. The main goal of the study is to analyze the digitalization process of the tourism industry at the current stage
of development and its state in Kazakhstan. The article considers the issues related to the impact of electronic technology on the
growth and progress of digitalization in tourism. An overview of examples for the tourism digital technologies is provided.
Crucial new trends in the industry of tourism associated to digitalization are identified. The conducted research on the
application of several scientific methods and technologies of information processing was based. In particular: bibliometric
analysis in the field of tourism digitalization and digital ecosystems; study of Kazakhstan’ tourist Internet portals; survey of
representatives of Kazakhstan’ travel agencies and modeling based on regression ordinal model. Bibliometric analysis was
used to study the success level implementation of the activities in the field of tourism digitalization. This method was as a
basis for identifying gaps, formed and future trends in the field of digital tourism ecosystem. The data source was the
databases, which includes a wide range of publications on tourism scientific issues. The main analysis of articles was carrie d
out in the special software Voyant Tools. Two additional research methods in this paper are applied: content analysis and
modeling based on regression ordinal model. The current state of the market place in tourism, the level of application of elements
of digital technologies in the sphere of tourism based on Kazakhstan' tourist platphorms is evaluated. With the help of a survey it
was analyzed the degree of penetration of digital technologies currently used by companies in the local tourism market.
EXAMINATION OF THE MODERATOR ROLE OF COUNTRY IMAGE IN THE EFFECT OF EWOM AND EMOTIONAL INVOLVEMENT ON VISIT INTENTION
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Reserarch Center of Marketing, Consumer Behavior and Branding, Baku, Azerbaijan, HUSEYNLI Bahman ,   Division of Labor Market Analysis, Azerbaijan Public Employment Agency, Baku, Azerbaijan,   Western Caspian University, Economic Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan, HUSEYNLI Nigar ,   Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Department of Business Administration, Baku, Azerbaijan; Western Caspian University, Economic Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan; Khazar University, Department of Economics and Management, Baku, Azerbaijan,
Published: December 2024

Restaurants that operate in any country and serve food from another country create an image of those countries in
customers. Based on this, this research was designed considering that Turkish, Italian, and Japanese restaurants operating in
Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, create the image of their own countries among these customers and also affect the customers'
intention to visit to their own countries. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of electronic word of mouth and
emotional involvement on the intention to visit foreign country restaurants and the moderator role of the country images of
these restaurants on this effect. The study was analyzed with data obtained from Azerbaijani consumers who visited
restaurants serving Turkish, Italian, and Japanese cuisine. Within the scope of the study, 12 hypotheses were analyzed with
SPSS and Process v4 statistical analysis programs. As a result of the study, all hypotheses were supported. It was found that
both E-WOM and emotional attachment on the intention to visit a restaurant were higher in Japanese cuisine compared to
other countries. The moderator role of country image in the effect of E-WOM and emotional attachment on the intention to
visit was found to be the highest in Japanese cuisine and the lowest in Turkish cuisine. It can be said that the findings of the
study can be used especially for restaurant operators in decision-making processes.
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON TOURISM IN THE PROVINCES ALONG THE MEKONG RIVER IN THAILAND
Authors:   Khon Kaen University, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Nong Khai, Thailand, NONTHAPOT Sakkarin , WATCHALAANUN Tanawat ,   Independent Researcher, Nong Khai, Thailand
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to consider the impacts of climate change on tourism along the Mekong River in
Thailand. The factors to be considered included temperature and rainfall on the number of Thai and international tourists. Panel
data were used, i.e., cross-sectional data from eight provinces of Thailand located along the Mekong River, from January 2013 to
December 2023. The results revealed that, over the long-term, only higher temperatures affected the number of Thai tourists. In
the short run, average temperatures and rainfall showed the opposite relationship with regard to the number of Thai tourists.
The results identified climate change as a cause of the smaller number of Thai tourists in those provinces, mainly as a resul t
of higher average temperatures. Therefore, higher temperatures could be considered a major obstacle for tourism activities.
Experiencias de documentación y promoción de la lengua nivaĉle (mataguaya)
Authors: Gutiérrez Analía
Published: December 2024

Las experiencias de documentación y estudio de la lengua nivaĉle (mataguaya, Chaco argentino y paraguayo) se remontan a mediados del siglo pasado por medio de la labor de los misioneros oblatos en Paraguay quienes publicaron los primeros esbozos gramaticales y el primer diccionario sobre la lengua. En las últimas décadas, con el auge de la lingüística de la documentación, se encuentran disponibles recursos multimedia y colecciones de registros sonoros anotados en distintos repositorios y plataformas digitales para su consulta y utilización con fines científicos, educativos y de divulgación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es ofrecer un breve panorama sobre estas experiencias de estudio y documentación de la lengua nivaĉle, así como de las distintas iniciativas de promoción lingüística y normalización de la lengua protagonizadas por el pueblo nivaĉle en Paraguay que condujeron a la creación de la Academia de la Lengua del Pueblo Nivaĉle.
Las Encuestas sobre el Habla Regional: entre la homogeneización y la diversidad del español hablado en el Territorio Nacional de La Pampa (1945-1950)
Authors: Caraballo Melina E.
Published: December 2024

Berta Vidal de Battini, encargada de la Comisión de Folklore y Nativismo del Consejo Nacional de Educación, elaboró a mediados del siglo XX un proyecto de encuestas que alcanzó a todas las escuelas del país, y contó con la participación de maestras y maestros que relevaron el habla regional y el folklore. En este trabajo, en el que solo se considerarán los legajos enviados desde el Territorio Nacional de La Pampa, se indagará en la Encuesta sobre el Habla Regional (1945) y en la Segunda Encuesta sobre el Habla Regional (1950), con el objetivo de analizar cómo las y los docentes realizaron las tareas de colecta y registro del español en contacto con otras lenguas. Por último, si bien se advierte el esfuerzo de parte del magisterio por homogeneizar el habla, la diversidad lingüística se mantiene, y ello se observa en la coexistencia entre el español y otras lenguas o variedades habladas en el Territorio.
Individualized approach in the management of women with female sexual dysfunction, external genital endometriosis and hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Semenyuk L. M. , Kozachuk Y. S. , Kryzhanovska O. I.
Published: December 2024

The problem of treatment of endometriosis in women of reproductive age remains an urgent task for obstetricians and gynecologists, as it has a direct impact on women’s ability to conceive. Overcoming the demographic crisis in Ukraine requires doctors to find new methods and techniques in a personalized approach to the treatment of women with endometriosis. The presence of comorbid pathology in endometriosis, in particular hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) and female sexual dysfunction (FSD), necessitates individualization of the management of such patients.
Objective —  to determine the effect of surgical treatment of women with external‑intraoral endometriosis and female sexual dysfunction and hyperhomocysteinemia on the characteristics of their hormonal homeostasis and indicators of FSD.
Materials and methods. The study included 19 patients with external‑intrinsic endometriosis and female sexual dysfunction and hyperhomocysteinemia with homozygous form of MTRF gene polymorphism. Surgical intervention in the form of laparoscopic cystectomy was performed in 12 patients (group I). 7 patients refused to undergo surgery (group II). Surgical intervention was performed 6 months after the start of treatment. The hormonal status and parameters of the FSD were studied according to the results of a questionnaire at the time of treatment, 6 months after the start of conservative therapy, and 3 months after surgery.
Results. At 3 months after surgery, the values of vitamin D, FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, free T, DHEA‑S and 17‑OH were statistically significantly higher in women of group I compared with patients who did not undergo surgery — II (p<0.05), and the levels of homocysteine, TSH, prolactin were lower (p<0.05). In patients of group I, a statistically significant increase in questionnaire scores was noted after surgery compared with patients who did not undergo surgery at a significance level of p<0.001. Against the background of the total duration of treatment (6 months of conservative therapy + 3 months of combined treatment — conservative therapy + surgery) in patients of group I with a homozygous mutation, it was possible to achieve normalization of the FSD in all 12 (100.0%) patients. In patients who did not undergo surgery, no normalization of FSD was observed.
Conclusions. The treatment of women with FSD and external genital endometriosis should be individualized, taking into account the entire clinical problem, including the impact of the disease and the impact of its treatment on the quality of life. Pregravidar preparation of women with LBP and BPH and hypoandrogenism in homozygous carriage of MTRF polymorphism genes should include surgical removal of ovarian endometrioma to improve LBP and hormonal background for pregnancy.
Distance learning in the training of doctors as an innovative organization of the educational process in endocrinology
Authors: Vasyuk V. L. , Nikitiuk L. A. , Yuzvenko V. S. , Mikulets L. V. , Maslianko V. A.
Published: December 2024

The postgraduate education system is actively implementing distance learning technologies on topical issues of internal medicine, in particular endocrine disorders and metabolic diseases. The use of information technologies allows organizing the educational process through lectures, seminars, and discussions. Independent study of tests in the learning mode is provided with further assessment of knowledge through online testing. Collected data are used for a comprehensive assessment of learning outcomes in cycles of thematic improvement. In addition, students are given the opportunity to work on the material on the web portal of the relevant department during classes. Creating a multimedia presentation using the capabilities of modern software and the Internet is important in the training of a doctor. Independent work allows for a more differentiated assimilation of educational material by specialty. Presentation lectures and a list of questions for pre‑certification training are posted on the website of the relevant department. The use of information technologies in the training of doctors at the postgraduate education stage allows achieving a high qualification level of medical personnel. However, every year thousands of young doctors who have the necessary knowledge in the field of modern information technologies enter the practical healthcare of Ukraine. Also among the problems are the problems of implementing modern methods of distance learning, constant contact with the teacher and a mandatory condition for participants — the availability of computer software and access to the Internet. The growth of the volume of medical knowledge and the need to ensure a high level of qualification of medical personnel determine the expediency of using modern information technologies in the educational process. This allows to improve the quality of education and make the process of acquiring knowledge systematic and highly effective.
Polarization biomedical optics methods in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Rohovyi Y. , Bilookyi O. , Ushenko O. , Bilookyi V.
Published: December 2024

Clinical diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) usually occurs at the stage of tumor progression, accompanied by intensive processes of growth, invasion, formation of blood vessels to provide blood supply to the tumor, the structure and quantitative changes of which can be more informatively accurately assessed by polarization biomedical optics.
Objective — to substantiate the possibility of using polarization biomedical optics methods in the diagnosis of PTC based on the principles of integrative and integrated pathophysiology.
Materials and methods. Two groups of patients were studied: the control group — healthy donors (51 patients), the experimental group — patients with PTC (51 patients), who underwent a thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy for diagnostic purposes using the fundamental idea of polarization biomedical optics with two analytical approaches — statistical and topographic (multifractal). Instrumental laser methods were used: polarization, interference, digital holographic. The statistical parameters of polarization azimuth maps, polarization azimuth of phase and multifractal spectra of digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with papillary cancer were quantitatively evaluated with the determination of: Average, Dispersion, Asymmetry and Excess. The significance of differences compared to the control, taken as 100%, was evaluated using the Student’s parametric test (p<0.05).
Results. A significant increase in the asymmetry and excess of the polarization azimuth, a significant inhibition of the average polarization azimuth of phase digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with PTC, a significant increase in the asymmetry and excess s of phase digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy were revealed. A significant increase in dispersion and a probable decrease in the asymmetry and excess of multifractal spectra of polarization azimuth maps of digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with PTC were shown.
Conclusions. Significant inhibition of the average azimuth of polarization of phase digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with papillary cancer and significant decrease in the asymmetry and excess of  multifractal spectra of polarization azimuth maps of digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with papillary cancer are caused by papillary proliferation of transformed thyrocytes, as an amorphous component, in patients with papillary cancer as a result of activation of tumor progression with intensive processes of growth, invasion, and formation of blood vessels to provide blood supply to the tumor.
Ekstrak Akar Purwoceng sebagai neuroprotektan Terhadap Model Stroke pada Tikus: Memori Spasial, Jumlah Sel Piramidal, Ekspresi SOD1 dan SOD2
Authors: Munawaroh Fauziyatul , Efiyanti Christy , Utami Putri , Dewi Trisni , Batubara Irmanida
Published: December 2024

Stroke due to cerebral ischemia is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Animal models of cerebral ischemia that is often used is Global Cerebral Ischemia (GCI). In GCI, the hippocampus is the most susceptible to neuronal cell death. Complications that occur after ischemia are due to increased oxidative stress. Some compounds in purwoceng are reported to have antioxidant activity which oxidative stress have not been studied in the GCI model stroke. This study aims to examine the effect of purwoceng extract on a stroke model (GCI) as a neuroprotective agent in the prevention of stroke complications that have not been previously studied. 25 rats with a stroke model were given purwoceng root extract with 3 doses (20, 30, and 40mg/kg BW) orally for three days. The mice were then tested for memory with the Morriz Water Maze (MWM) test; then histopathological analysis of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus and the expression of SOD1 and SOD2 genes was analyzed using RT-PCR. The MWM test showed that the memory results at the dose of 20mg/kg BW were better than that of the GCI group (p=0.0384), and the PCR of SOD2 showed improvement at the dose of 20mg/kg BW (p=0.0171). No significant difference in histopathological analysis and SOD1 mRNA expression across group. The administration of purwoceng root extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg BW had the effect of improving memory and SOD2 expression in GCI model rats
Soft Power in Public Diplomacy: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Film “Ayla”
Authors: Tuğ Kızıltoprak Ayşe Amine
Published: December 2024

In international relations, public diplomacy adopts different methods of engagement and communication beyond traditional or classical diplomatic approaches. It aims to establish successful communication with target countries and their public, deliver intended messages, correct misconceptions, and foster economic, political, and cultural partnerships. Soft power, an essential component of public diplomacy, serves this purpose by enabling countries to achieve success in their relationships with other nations and their peoples. Cinema, as one of the soft power tools countries possess, is effectively used to establish positive communication with desired countries and achieve intended goals. This study aims to uncover how the film “Ayla” is used as a soft power tool within the context of public diplomacy and identify the prominent codes highlighted in the film. Additionally, the study seeks to determine how discourses, characters, settings, and plot structures related to soft power are constructed in the film. The research employs Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis method and examines the 2017 Turkish film “Ayla” The findings indicate that the film contains elements that contribute to public diplomacy between Türkiye and South Korea and is thus utilized as a tool of soft power. The film emphasizes the shared bonds between the two countries through its script, actors, and dialogues.
Tüketicilerin Üretken Yapay Zekâ Uygulamaları ile Oluşturulan Reklamlara Yönelik Algı ve Davranışları Üzerine Bir Saha Araştırması
Authors: Çeber Burak , Çeliker Sena
Published: December 2024

Son dönemde yapay zekâ teknolojileri, özellikle üretken yapay zekâ uygulamaları, reklamcılık alanını önemli ölçüde etkileyerek markalar ve reklamverenler için yeni fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Üretken yapay zekâ uygulamalarının reklam süreçlerine dahil olması ve reklam içeriklerinin yapay zekâ aracılığıyla oluşturulması bir yandan markalara; hız, verimlilik, kişiselleştirme ve yaratıcılık konularında katkı sağlarken diğer taraftan da tüketicilerin reklama olan algı ve davranışları üzerinde bir etkiye sahip olmaktadır. Bu gelişmeler doğrultusunda, tüketicilerin üretken yapay zekâ uygulamalarıyla üretilen reklamlara yönelik algı ve davranışlarının incelenmesi önemli bir araştırma alanı hâline gelmektedir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, tüketicilerin yapay zekâ uygulamaları ile oluşturulan reklamlara yönelik algı ve davranışlarını ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, üretken yapay zekâ uygulaması tarafından oluşturulan reklam görseli ve bu reklam içeriğine uygun olarak hazırlanan anket formu, elverişli örneklem yöntemi ile belirlenen 310 kişiye, çevrim içi ortamda uygulanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında algılanan nitelik ve algılanan değer olmak üzere iki faktör ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bununla birlikte araştırmada davranışa yönelik olan davranışsal niyet faktörü bulunmaktadır. Araştırmada, üretken yapay zekâ uygulamasıyla oluşturulan reklamların algılanan niteliklerinin tüketiciler tarafından olumlu değerlendirildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Algılanan değere bakıldığında ise yapay zekâ tarafından oluşturulan reklamlar ile algılanan değerin yüksek düzeyde bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu ve tüketicilerde, yapay zekâ ile oluşturulan reklamların, toplum üzerinde potansiyel olumsuz etkilerinin olabileceğine yönelik bir algının olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, yapay zekâ tarafından oluşturulmuş reklamlar ile davranışsal niyetin yüksek düzeyde bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu ve tüketicilerin yapay zekâ ile oluşturulan reklamlara yönelik davranışsal niyetlerinin güçlü olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Dijital Ebeveynlik: Sharenting Bağlamında Ünlü Futbolcuların Dramaturjik Paylaşımları
Authors: Duman Özlem Deniz
Published: December 2024

Instagram, Facebook ve TikTok gibi sosyal ağ sitelerinde rutin paylaşımların artması ebeveynliğin çağdaş kültürde görünür ve tanınır olmasına neden olmuştur. Bunun sonucu olarak da "Sharenting" olarak adlandırılan davranış “Birinin çocuklarına ait haberleri, görselleri vb. paylaşmak için sosyal medyayı alışkanlık haline getirmesi” küresel ölçekte yayılmıştır. Araştırmada, ünlü futbolcu ebeveynlerin sharenting kapsamında, yeni medya aracılığıyla oluşturdukları içeriklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Sharenting’e yönelik tutumun boyutunun tespiti, spesifik ebeveyn kesimin yeni medyada yaşamı sürdürme konusundaki amaçlarını anlamamıza yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında, Instagram’da 2022-2023 yılları arasında en fazla takipçi sayısına sahip Türk ve yabancı uyruklu 10 ünlü futbolcunun hesaplarında paylaşmış oldukları 19.450 gönderi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, Instagram’da paylaşılan içerikler kategorilere ayrılmış ve nitel yöntemsel yaklaşım benimsenmiş olup veriler betimsel analiz tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesini ise kimlik ve benlik kavramını inceleyen Goffman’ın dramaturjik teorisi ve sosyal medyada idealleştirilen kimlik sunumu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda, ünlü futbolcu ebeveynlerin sharenting kapsamlı paylaşımlarının ticari bir meta taşıdığı, ideal kimlik sunumunda sharenting’in bir temsil aracı olarak kullanıldığı, kişisel yaşama ait paylaşımlarla yeni bir ebeveyn kimliği inşa edildiği ve mahremiyet sınırının da aşıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Deprem Sonrası Yeniden Yapılanma Sürecinde Türkiye’deki Yasal Düzenlemeler ve Uygulama Olanakları: 30.10.2020 İzmir Depremi Örneği
Authors: Görgülü Berna , Türel Ali
Published: December 2024

İzmir Depremi sonrasında yeniden yapılanma faaliyetleri iki farklı Yasa kapsamında sürdürülmüştür. Araştırmanın kapsamını oluşturan İzmir İli Bayraklı İlçesi’nde hasarlı konutlar için yeniden yapılanma faaliyetlerinin incelenmesi ve bu süreçte kentsel dönüşüm aracının kullanımının uygunluğunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, afetzedelerin deneyimleri ve süreç hakkında bilgi toplamak amacıyla anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Yeniden yapılanma sürecinde 7269 sayılı Yasa kapsamında olan deprem esnasında kısmen veya tamamen yıkılan, acil yıkılacak veya ağır hasarlı yapılar için yerinde inşa edilen afet konutlarının (Grup 1) deprem tehlikesi ön planda tutularak emsal değerlerinin düşürüldüğü, uygun ödeme koşullarının olduğu, hatta yerinde dönüşüm sağlanamayan ağır hasarlı yapıların hak sahiplerinin (Grup 2) afet öncesinde mülkiyet hakkı tek iken afet sonrasında ikinci mülkiyet hakkı edinmelerine imkan tanındığı, devlet eliyle hızlı ve güvenli bir süreç yaşanmış olduğu sonucuna ulaşılırken, orta hasarlı yapılar için ise aynı Yasa kapsamında onarım-güçlendirme yapılması yerine yapıların yıkılıp kentsel dönüşümle yeniden inşası kararı alınarak 6306 sayılı Yasa kapsamında kentsel dönüşümün finansmanını rahatlatmak amacıyla emsal değerlerinin artırıldığı, devletin kısıtlı desteği nedeniyle ödeme koşullarının zorlayıcı olduğu ve değişkenlik gösterdiği, yapıların yıkımından teslim aşamasına kadar geçen süreci hak sahiplerinin takip ettiği ve üstlendiği, müteahhit-hak sahibi sarmalında ilerlemekte zorluklar yaşandığı, bu nedenlerle hukukun eşitlik ilkesiyle bağdaşmadığı belirlenmiştir.
A Jornada de Travestis e Mulheres Transgênero em Constituir-se e Entrar no Mercado Formal de Trabalho
Authors: Fernandes de Mesquita Rafael , Regina Ney Matos Fátima , Martins de Meneses Rafael , Kirley Santiago Monteiro Adriana
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como a constituição discursiva das identidades transgênero femininas influencia na sua entrada no mercado de trabalho. A pesquisa qualitativa crítica foi desenvolvida a partir de entrevistas com travestis e mulheres transgênero (autoidentificadas) que trabalham ou já trabalharam em serviços de telemarketing, localizadas a partir de uma informante-chave e da técnica de bola de neve. Os dados foram analisados a partir das relações entre texto, prática discursiva e prática social, tomando por base definições da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD). Como resultados do trabalho, foi possível perceber que a atividade laboral no telemarketing possibilita que a voz se desprenda do corpo, que se apaga e, assim, também são apagadas – momentâneo e circunstancialmente – as práticas sociais discriminatórias. Nesta direção, a proposta emancipatória de reivindicar a voz fora desses espaços auxiliaria na eliminação da condição de latência da discriminação. A análise também permitiu a reflexão de como a constituição das identidades transgênero – na crítica do que hierarquiza seus corpos e vidas como inferiores – também tem transformado o social. A dialética desta relação aponta a fluidez das identidades transgênero e os aspectos que as inferiorizavam têm sido reinterpretados.
Unique models of embodied cognition and eco-social niches are proposed to validate multi-scale dimensional model hypothesis of social attunement and mis attunement with a focus on autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Kumar Amit
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes a multitude of deterministic hypotheses for input into the multi-scale dimensional model of social attunement and mis attunement for interpersonal psychiatry with a particular focus on autism. This paper uses basic concepts of physics motivated by the idea that the biology of the brain is impacted by the physics of the moving and interacting physical objects as well as competitive economics to outline multiple hypotheses for the development of hidden states and eco-social niche. The theory paper starts with defining cognitive granularity and leverages it to build five embodied cognition hypotheses that outline three distinct dyads with varying sensorimotor skills of action control and action perception – Resource Proxy, Doer, and Result Detection. Each of these dyads interact with the environment in physically distinct but beneficial ways leading to iterative honing of the dyads discriminating individual skills – dialects of internalization and externalization. These individual dyads further form the basis of social attunement and mis attunement - dialects of individual and the collective, which are outlined through three additional hypotheses to propose a muti-dimensional model of social attunement and two more hypotheses proposed as a model of social mis attunement. The social attunement hypothesis leverages the economic supply/demand curve and Nash equilibrium as eco-social niches to model the social attunement of the underlying dyads (Doer and Result Detection). Social mis attunement hypotheses state that the collapse of the above eco-social equilibrium or the lack of the dyad’s sensorimotor skills to partake in the equilibrium leads to the psychiatric issues related to autism or psychosis. The above-mentioned hypotheses are proposed to be inputs to the artificial intelligence and machine learning multi-scale dimensional model.
Towards an information-theoretic social neuroscience
Authors: Chidichimo Edoardo , Dumas Guillaume , Mediano Pedro A. , Luppi Andrea , Leong Victoria , Canales-Johnson Andres , Bethlehem Richard A.I.
Published: December 2024

Social neuroscience sets out to uncover the neural mechanisms and dynamics of human sociality. Interpersonal coordination on various levels—neural, behavioural, physiological, affective, linguistic— are hallmarks of successful social communication and cooperation. However, describing these complex, interdependent dynamics has been limited by current methodological approaches, owing to a restrictive repertoire of tools and the absence of a unified, standardised methodological framework. Here, we identify information theory, the mathematical theory of communication, as a particularly well-suited conceptual framework to address this shortfall, given its appropriate sensitivity to complex dynamics, including potential nonlinearity and higher-order interactions, and its data-driven approach. Indeed, with its firm grounding in computational, cognitive, and systems neuroscience, the introduction of information-theoretic quantities and methods into social neuroscience is perhaps overdue. This Perspective presents the case for a unified information-theoretic framework to describe and model the complex dynamics of social systems whilst generating new, open research questions.
Factors affecting the adoption of livestock insurance among dairy farmers in Dang district, Nepal
Authors: Timsina Tirth Kumar , Tiwari Ujjal
Published: December 2024

The dairy sector plays an important role in food and nutrition security of rural households. Dairy business is exposed to high risks.  The insurance scheme provides to avert the unanticipated economic loss of dairy farms. This study was conducted to analyze the various factors affecting livestock insurance adoption among dairy farmers in Dang district, Nepal. Required information was obtained through farm household surveys, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs). The effect of twelve predictor variables on the adoption of livestock insurance was assessed using logit regression model. This study was conducted in three local levels of Dang district in September 2020. Ninety dairy animal insurers were surveyed as a household through a stratified random sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed for the household interview, six key informant surveys, and three focus group discussions. The collected data were analyzed through logit regression model using Stata software. The regression results revealed that the probability of insurance adoption significantly increases with technical support (p=0.001), loan taken (p=0.049), breed type (p=0.0001), experience in livestock (p=0.001) and membership in the organization (p=0.011). The education status of farmers, own grazing land, access to media were found influencing factor for adoption of the livestock insurance.
Diversity study and development of bee floral calendar for Kavrepalanchowk district, Nepal
Authors: Neupane Bishnu Prasad , Chiluwal Kashinath , Shrestha Jiban
Published: December 2024

A purposive survey was carried out at Mandandeupur, Jyamdi, and Novobudda of Kavrepalanchowk  for two consecutive years (January 2022-December 2023) to identify diversity of bee floral resources and to establish the floral calendar of honey bees in the district. A total of 153 plant species of 50 families were identified as floral resources in the district. Recorded flora was categorized into five groups; trees, shrubs, herbs and climbers. The highest category of bee flora grouped into tree (72 flora) followed by herbs (41), shrubs (30) and climbers (10 flora), respectively. The highest (104 plants) and the lowest (11 plants) number of flowering plants were observed during April and December, respectively. A sufficient number of flowering plants was noticed in March (93 plants), May (68 plants) and February (53 plants) of the spring season as well as during September (49 plants), October (44 plants) and November (41 plants) of the autumn season. From the total available flowering plants in the Kavrepalanchowk district, 90.84% of plants were sources of both nectar and pollen, while only 5.88% as pollen and the remaining 3.26% as sources of nectar only. To ensure sustainability, it is crucial to maintain the existing bee flora and so the floral calendar is important for effective honey production.
Clinical Study of Hearing Outcome After Type-I Tympanoplasty Using Temporalis Fascia as Graft
Authors: Kandel Damodar , Pokharel Apar , Bhandari Ramesh , Aryal Bivek , Bhandari Chhanya , Sharma Bibek
Published: December 2024

Background Chronic suppurative otitis media is a longstanding infection of the middle ear cleft characterized by persistent or recurrent aural discharge, deafness and perforation of tympanic membrane. Type I tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure that corrects tympanic membrane perforation.MethodsProspective study conducted on sixty-two patients of Chronic otitis media, mucosal type who underwent type I tympanoplasty in College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Chitwan during a period of one year. Pure tone audiometry of the patients was done before the surgery and one month and three months following surgery and the hearing improvement was assessed in each case. P values were calculated by applying t test.ResultsIn this study, graft uptake was highest (95%) in posterior perforations, 75% in anterior perforations and lowest (63.64%) in combined perforations. The mean hearing improvement one month following surgery was 7.16 dB and three months following surgery, it was 7.78 dB.Conclusions Chronic otitis media is a treatable cause of hearing loss. Type I tympanoplasty is a safe and effective method to remove the disease of the middle ear and reconstruct the tympanic membrane perforation.
Caregiving burden and depression among caregivers of people living with HIV/AIDS attending anti-retroviral therapy unit of Kaski
Authors: Gurung Bishnu , Poudel Anju , Sharma Rasna , Baral Samjhana
Published: December 2024

Introduction: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among caregivers of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV/AIDS) attending anti-retroviral therapy (ART) unit of Kaski. The study aimed to assess the caregiving burden and depression and their relationship among caregivers of PLHIV/AIDS.
Methods: Purposive sampling technique was adopted and total 238 caregivers were interviewed. Standard tool Zarit Burden Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory was used to assess burden and depression among caregivers of HIV/AIDS. For data analysis, data were entered in EPI 3.1 version and then exported to SPSS version 16.0. Descriptive statistics frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated and for inferential analysis, Man-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test was used.
Results: The study revealed about one third of the caregivers experienced caregiving burden and few have depression. There is statistically significant difference in burden of caregivers with regard to gender, occupation, family income, relation with patient and HIV status. Similarly, caregiver burden was found to be high if the PLHIV/AIDS was male and age ≤38 years old. The study showed significant difference in caregiver’s depression with caregiver’s burden and moderate positive correlation between caregiver’s burden and depression.
Conclusions: The study concluded burden and depression among caregivers of PLHIV/AIDS is alarming. Burden was found to be high in caregivers who are female, unemployed, having sufficient family income, family members and those who have HIV positive status. Regular Screening program among caregivers for depression should be conducted in anti-retroviral therapy unit on periodic time interval.
Clinical and biochemical profile of polycystic ovarian syndrome patients attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dhakal Sarita , Yadav Naval Kishor , Poudel Sheshkanta , Kumari Rana Til , Shah Binita
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility in females, affecting between 6 to 22% of women worldwide. This study aimed to study clinical and biochemical profile in patients with PCOS.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The patients who visited to Gynecology and Obstetrics department, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Chitwan with complaints of unable to conceive, irregular cycle and abnormal bleeding and diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome were included in this study. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23.0. Data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical tolls.
Results: Among the total 100 participants, 29%, had increased luteinizing hormones (LH), 2% had increased follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) level. The ratio of LH/ FSH is >2 in 73% of the participants. Majority (65.0%) of them were in the age group 21 to 30 years. The mean±SD of age was 23.41±4.62 years. Among the participants 56% were pre-obese. The prevalence of hypothyroidism among the participants was 18.0% and serum prolactin level was increased in 17%. There were no statistically significance between age, marital status, thyroid status, serum prolactin, with LH, and FSH. However, body mass index (BMI) was statistically significant with FSH negatively (p=-0.229).
Conclusions: In this study, most of the participants were pre-obese, and affects the age group between 21 to 30 years. BMI was statistically significant with FSH. However, other parameters were statistically insignificant with LH and FSH levels.
Survey on restoration on endodontically treated anterior teeth in Eastern region of Nepal: A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Mehta Pawan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The preservation of natural tooth structure is the goal of endodontic and restorative dentistry. The optimal method for restoring teeth after root canal therapy is, however, still under debate for a very long time. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect the frequency of preferred methods of restoring endodontically treated teeth under different conditions.
Methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed among general practitioners of the Eastern region of Nepal to find out the frequency of the best suitable material and method regarding restoration of endodontically treated teeth. The questionnaires were sent by electronic mail and out of 180 individuals, 92 responded. The respondents were asked to choose their favourite technique for restoring those teeth. One-way frequency tables were generated to summarize the responses. Two-way cross-tabulation tables were computed to show the relationship between the variables.
Results: The majority of the respondents 42(45.70%), preferred to restore the tooth only with a tooth-color restorative material under condition A (>50% of tooth structure remaining). Under condition B (50% of tooth structure remaining), the majority of respondents 48(52.20%), preferred to use tooth-coloured crown and prefabricated post and tooth-coloured restoration 21(22.80%). Whereas, in condition C (<50% of tooth structure remaining), most of the respondents 39(42.40%), preferred to use prefabricated post and tooth-coloured crown and prefabricated post and restorative material core/crown 37(40.20%).
Conclusions: It is recommended to preserve as much healthy tooth structure as possible and to use restorative materials with mechanical properties that are similar to those of the dental structure to increase the longevity of the tooth restoration complex.
Efficacy of Insecticides against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in Maize Field in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Ghana Shyam , Bhandari Priyanka , Sah Lalit
Published: December 2024

A field experiments were conducted to determine the comparative efficacy of different chemical insecticides against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), in maize under natural field conditions during winter seasons of 2020 and 2021. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications and seven treatments, namely: chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 0.4 ml/liter of water; azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 5 ml/liter of water; spinosad 45% SC @ 0.3 ml/liter of water; spinetoram 11.7% SC @ 0.4 ml/liter of water; novaluron 10% EC @ 2 ml/liter of water; emamectin benzoate 5% SG @ 0.4 g/liter of water; and an untreated control at National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Chitwan, Nepal. The efficacy study revealed that all the treatments significantly reduced plant damage and increased grain yield compared to the untreated control (p < 0.05). Spinosad proved to be the most effective, with a minimum infestation rate of  9.3% followed by chlorantraniliprole (12.4%) and spinetoram (16.5%), compared to the untreated control (79.6%). Spinosad treated plot also yielded the highest grain 4885 kg/ha, followed by spinetoram (4647 kg/ha), chlorantraniliprole (4470 kg/ha) and emamectin benzoate (4335 kg/ha) as compared to the untreated control (1758 kg/ha) in the combined analysis. Although azadirachtin 1500 ppm was the least effective among the treatments, it was still significantly superior to the untreated control. Furthermore, plant height, ear height, cob length, cob diameter, thousand grain weight and grain yield of maize were negatively correlated with foliar damage done by fall armyworm.
Genetic Parameters, Correlation and Stability Analysis of Aromatic Rice Landraces of Nepal
Authors: Tiwari Dev Nidhi , Pandey Madhav Prasad , Bhusal Tej N , Manandhar Hira Kaji
Published: December 2024

Rice is the major food crop directly related to the livelihood of majority of rural people in Nepal. Aromatic rice is one of the fundamental groups that has great significance from the nutritional and market point of view all over the world. The main objective of this study was to emphasize on the determination of major genetic parameters, genotypic and phenotypic correlations, stability analysis for yield and major quantitative traits of aromatic rice landraces. Altogether 30 aromatic rice landraces were considered in this study and that were evaluated in three locations namely Hardinath, Tarahara and Khajura with three replications. Two years of multilocation data on nine morphological traits were collected and evaluated. The genetic parameters like genetic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance were estimated using the statistical methods. The highest GCV and PCV was exhibited by grain yield (23.67 and 25.7) whereas lowest GCV and PCV was found in panicle length (4.9 and 5.6) respectively. Heritability of various traits was measured from 0.76 to 0.98 where the lowest heritability was observed in panicle length and the highest was observed in both heading and maturity days. The genetic advance as percentage of means value ranging from 8.8 to 45 representing panicle length and grain yield respectively. The genetic correlation of the measured traits showed highly significant positive correlation of heading days with maturity (r=1.0004**) and straw yield (r=0.787**) as well as correlation of maturity days with straw yield (r=0.79**). In case of phenotypic correlation, highly significant positive correlation of heading days with maturity (r=0.99**) and straw yield (r=0.7611**) was obtained however there is negative but significant correlation with tillers per meter square (r=-0.296*), filled grain weight (r=-0.305*), 1000 grain weight (r=0.3115*) and grain yield (r=-0.4*). According to the stability analysis, Gouriya and Karia Kamod (bi=1.1) were found more stable. Based on the value of coefficient of determination (R2), most of accessions; Lalka Basmati, Sugandhit Dha-1, Suhpat, Gouriya, Bayerni Masino, Kalo Nunia, Balamsari Dhan, Tilki, Tulsiful and Sunaulo Sugandha were obtained stable in all the three locations in both years. Based on the Superiority Measure (Pi), Samba Masuli Sub-1 and Sugandhit Dhan-1 showed lower Pi values of 132556.16 to 377994.35 hence identified as most stable varieties. This study identified the genetic parameters that provides the useful information for breeding of rice varieties, correlation among the major traits and stability of some aromatic landraces Gouriya and Karia Kamod obtained in all the environments. Thus, findings of this study are highly helpful for future studies to identify desirable traits and genotypes in the further varietal development works in coming days.