bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Construction of a Special Physical Quality Evaluation System for Outstanding Chinese Male Boxers
Authors: Bu Xiangui
Published: July 2022

To construct a structural model of special physical quality test indexes for Chinese outstanding male boxers and to develop comprehensive evaluation criteria for special physical quality of Chinese outstanding male boxers. Expert questionnaire survey method, principal component analysis, and R‐type factor analysis were applied in this study. Results of this study include, (1) Through factor analysis, the four types of factors that play a major role for male boxers were strength factor, speed factor, endurance factor, and agility factor in order. (2) Through principal component analysis and R‐type factor analysis, the regression equation of the estimated values of the common factors was obtained, and the formula for calculating the comprehensive development level of physical quality of Chinese outstanding male boxers was established through weighting. (3) Through the empirical test, the gap between Level I boxers and boxers at the fitness level was in the endurance and agility dimensions, and Level II boxers were also worse than Level I boxers in the agility dimension, and there was an all‐round special physical quality gap between Level II boxers in strength, speed, endurance, and agility and boxers at the fitness level. Conclusion of this study could be summarized as follows: first, the special physical quality index system of Chinese excellent male boxers is: 1 min power sandbag, 20 s straight punch, 9 min double swing jump rope, 1 min front and back hand exchange sandbag 4 items. Second, the standard scores of 4 special physical quality indexes for Chinese outstanding male boxers were developed. Third, the formula for calculating the comprehensive score of special physical quality development level of Chinese excellent male boxers was developed: T = ∑WiTi = 0.367T1 + 0.307T2 + 0.172T3 + 0.154T4. Fourth, the evaluation criteria for the comprehensive physical quality development level of Chinese excellent male boxers were established (T ≥ 72.01 for excellent; 44.6 ≤ T < 72.01 as good; T < 44.6 as poor).
Industrial Chain Data Sharing and Circulation of Blockchain and Big Data Technology
Authors: Chen Jun , Wu Jiangyao , Qian Zhenghao , Li Lei , Zheng Zaoxian
Published: July 2022

In the era of big data, the value of data is infinite. With the development of the Internet of Things, everything is interconnected, and the sharing and circulation of data are particularly important. This paper was aimed at studying the data sharing system based on blockchain and big data technology. Based on blockchain and big data technology, this paper proposes a data-sharing system based on an HDFS file system. And it strengthens the security of data sharing based on blockchain technology, proposes a security key for industrial data, and greatly upgrades the security of data sharing. Experiments in this paper have proved that the data-sharing system in this paper has strong robustness, and choosing the appropriate

k

and

n

can take into account both the computational overhead and security, such as (3, 5), (5, 10), and (6, 10).
Music Emotion Recognition Based on Bilayer Feature Extraction
Authors: Wang Chen , Zhao Yu
Published: July 2022

Music is a kind of art which is to express the thoughts and emotion and reflect the reality life by organized sounds; every piece of music expresses emotions through lyrics and melodies. Human emotions are rich and colorful, and there are also differences in music. It is unreasonable for a song to correspond to only one emotional feature. According to the results of existing algorithms, some music has obviously wrong category labels. To solve the above problems, we established a two-layer feature extraction model based on a spectrogram from shallow to deep (from primary feature extraction to deep feature extraction), which can not only extract the most basic musical features but also dig out the deep emotional features. And further classify the features with the improved CRNN neural network, and get the final music emotion category. Through a large number of comparative experiments, it is proven that our model is suitable for a music classification task.
Instability Mode and Control Technology of Surrounding Rock in Composite Roof Coal Roadway under Multiple Dynamic Pressure Disturbances
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Nong , Kan Jiaguang , Xu Xingliang , Cui Guangzhen
Published: July 2022

In view of the problems of composite roof coal roadway under multiple dynamic pressure disturbances such as strong stratification, large deformation of the roadway surrounding rock, and poor safety and reliability, this paper analyzed the deformation and instability characteristics of composite roof coal roadway under different influencing factors using numerical simulation and expounded the stress distribution pattern of composite roof coal roadway under multiple dynamic pressure disturbances. The geological conditions of gas control roadway in the 22301 working face of Tunlan coal mine are taken as examples, and this study is carried out based on the analysis of roof instability conditions of composite roof coal roadway. The progressive crack development characteristics in composite roof coal roadway and the instability failure mode of surrounding rock under multiple dynamic pressure disturbances were revealed, and the control mechanism and support scheme were put forward. According to the result, it is difficult to form a stable bearing rock beam due to the occurrence characteristics of the weak interlayer of the composite roof. The deflection of the roadway roof and the extent of the plastic zone are negatively correlated with the distance from the soft rock layer to the roadway but positively correlated with the thickness of the soft rock layer. As the lateral pressure coefficient

λ

increases, the plastic zone of the roadway surrounding rock first decreases and then increases. With the increasing influence of dynamic pressure, the coal roadway with composite roof suffers from greater damage under the superposition of high ground stress, lateral abutment pressure, and advance abutment pressure, which is characterized by significant zonal failure of the roof and asymmetric failure of surrounding rock. The control method of high-strength thick

anchorage
+
differential
 
support

can construct the thick layer stable rock beam of the roof and equivalent support of the side, realizing continuous stress transfer and geometrically coordinated deformation. The support scheme was finally applied to the on-site industrial test, and the mine pressure monitoring results showed that the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock was effectively controlled under the new support scheme.
The Prevalence of Neurological Complication after Renal Transplantation
Authors: Zhu Xiaorong , Shen Liangrong , Li Dan , Shi Luoning , Zhang Qing
Published: July 2022

Objective. To evaluate the incidence of neurological complications (NCs) after renal transplantation by meta-analysis. Methods. A broad literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane-Library was performed from inception to December 31, 2021, to collect published studies on the incidence of NCs after kidney transplantation. The R language meta-package was used to organize and analyze the data. Results. 17 articles including 1,1119 participants were considered eligible. There were 3 studies that recorded unclassified NCs (249 participants), 6 that recorded nervous system CMV infection (1489 participants), 3 that recorded headache (243 participants), and 5 that recorded cerebrovascular events (9138 participants). There was significant heterogeneity (all I2 ≥ 75%) in all analyses, and random-effects models were selected. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of unclassified NCs was 0.29 (95% CI (0.16–0.48)), the incidence of nervous system CMV infection was 0.38 (95% CI (0.26–0.52)), the incidence of headache was 0.55 (95% CI (0.44–0.66)), and the incidence of stroke was 0.05 (95% CI (0.02–0.09)). Egger’s test showed that there was no conspicuous publication bias in the included literature in each group. Conclusions. Headache had the highest incidence (55%) in the nervous system after KT, followed by nervous system CMV infection (38%) and stroke (5%). Nevertheless, due to the inconsistencies in the types of NCs included and the follow-up time, our results might only serve as an epidemiological reference for the specific incidence differences.
PCA-Based Incremental Extreme Learning Machine (PCA-IELM) for COVID-19 Patient Diagnosis Using Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Biswas Sougatamoy , Rajput Dharmendra Singh , Patel Harshita , Tiwari Basant
Published: July 2022

Novel coronavirus 2019 has created a pandemic and was first reported in December 2019. It has had very adverse consequences on people's daily life, healthcare, and the world's economy as well. According to the World Health Organization's most recent statistics, COVID-19 has become a worldwide pandemic, and the number of infected persons and fatalities growing at an alarming rate. It is highly required to have an effective system to early detect the COVID-19 patients to curb the further spreading of the virus from the affected person. Therefore, to early identify positive cases in patients and to support radiologists in the automatic diagnosis of COVID-19 from X-ray images, a novel method PCA-IELM is proposed based on principal component analysis (PCA) and incremental extreme learning machine. The suggested method's key addition is that it considers the benefits of PCA and the incremental extreme learning machine. Further, our strategy PCA-IELM reduces the input dimension by extracting the most important information from an image. Consequently, the technique can effectively increase the COVID-19 patient prediction performance. In addition to these, PCA-IELM has a faster training speed than a multi-layer neural network. The proposed approach was tested on a COVID-19 patient’s chest X-ray image dataset. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach PCA-IELM outperforms PCA-SVM and PCA-ELM in terms of accuracy (98.11%), precision (96.11%), recall (97.50%), F1-score (98.50%), etc., and training speed.
[Retracted] Antidiabetic Effect of Tamarindus indica and Momordica charantia and Downregulation of TET‐1 Gene Expression by Saroglitazar in Glucose Feed Adipocytes and Their Involvement in the Type 2 Diabetes‐Associated Inflammation In Vitro
Authors: Saxena Madhukar , Prabhu S. Venkatesa , Mohseen M. , Pal Amit Kumar , Alarifi Saud , Gautam Neelam , Palanivel Hemalatha
Published: July 2022

To date, there is no satisfactory and effective therapy available to cure type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This present work is focused on plant extracts and the effect of saroglitazar and TET genes on oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro adipocytes. Aqueous extracts of Tamarindus indica and Momordica charantia seed have shown potent antidiabetic activity that decreases glucose levels in diabetic adipocytes. After seven and fourteen days, the sugar level in the blood was significantly reduced when plant extracts were supplemented. Lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TGL), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) showed a highly significant change as expected in adipocytes treated with glucose compared with controlled adipocytes (P < 0.001). Gene expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are changed twice, thrice, and quadruplet, respectively. The level of interleukin‐1 (IL1) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) was restored but the interleukin‐6 (IL6) and ten‐eleven‐translocation‐1 (TET1) were completely knocked down by the use of saroglitazar. In comparison with the diabetic group, this supplementation significantly increased glycogen content and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase activity. In the extract supplemented group, glucose‐6‐phosphatase, glucose‐oxidizing enzyme, and glucose‐phosphorylating enzyme activities were significantly reduced. After seven days of extract supplementation, these parameters were not resettled to a controlled level; however, after 14 days of supplementation, all parameters were restored to the control level. In addition to altering gene expression, TET enzymes may contribute to altered adiposity and its metabolic consequences. The purpose of this study is to examine new ideas and approaches for treating obesity, T2DM, and other associated metabolic disorders.
Correlation between the Expression of VEGF and Ki67 and Lymph Node Metastasis in Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wei Dong , Xin Yunchao , Rong Yu , Hao Yanbing
Published: July 2022

Background. Lymph node metastasis is the most common and important way of metastasis in NSCLC and is also the most important factor affecting lung cancer stage and prognosis. It is very important to analyze the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ki67 and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library and conducted meta-analyses using the R meta-package. Relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was the main indicator. Results. Totally, 18 studies were considered eligible, with 4521 patients, including 1518 LNM-positive patients and 3033 LNM-negative patients. The incidence of LNM in Ki67-negative patients was lower than that in Ki67-positive patients (RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.98). The incidence of LNM in VEGF-A-negative patients was lower than that in VEGF-A-positive patients (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.83). The incidence of LNM in VEGF-C negative patients was lower than that in VEGF-C positive patients (RR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.88). The incidence of LNM in VEGF-D negative and positive patients were of no significant differences (RR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.61, 1.14). Conclusion. The high expression of Ki67, VEGF-A, and VEGF-C significantly increases the risk of lymph node metastasis in NSCLC, while the VEGF-D expression has no correlation with lymph node metastasis. The expression levels of Ki67, VEGF-A, and VEGF-C show a good potential for lymph node metastasis prediction.
Circadian Clock Genes Act as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Glioma: Clinic Implications for Chronotherapy
Authors: Chai Ruihuan , Liao Min , Ou Ling , Tang Qian , Liang Youfang , Li Nan , Huang Wei , Wang Xiao , Zheng Kai , Wang Shaoxiang
Published: July 2022

Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors and closely related to circadian clock. Due to the high mortality and morbidity of gliomas, exploring novel diagnostic and early prognostic markers is necessary. Circadian clock genes (CCGs) play important roles in regulating the daily oscillation of biological processes and the development of tumor. Therefore, we explored the influences that the oscillations of circadian clock genes (CCGs) on diagnosis and prognosis of gliomas using bioinformatics. In this work, we systematically analyzed the rhythmic expression of CCGs in brain and found that some CCGs had strong rhythmic expression; the expression levels were significantly different between day and night. Four CCGs (ARNTL, NPAS2, CRY2, and DBP) with rhythmic expression were not only identified as differentially expressed genes but also had significant independent prognostic ability in the overall survival of glioma patients and were highly correlated with glioma prognosis in COX analysis. Besides, we found that CCG‐based predictive model demonstrated higher predictive accuracy than that of the traditional grade‐based model; this new prediction model can greatly improve the accuracy of glioma prognosis. Importantly, based on the four CCGs’ circadian oscillations, we revealed that patients sampled at night had higher predictive ability. This may help detect glioma as early as possible, leading to early cancer intervention. In addition, we explored the mechanism of CCGs affecting the prognosis of glioma. CCGs regulated the cell cycle, DNA damage, Wnt, mTOR, and MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, it also affects prognosis through gene coexpression and immune infiltration. Importantly, ARNTL can rhythmically modulated the cellular sensitivity to clinic drugs, temozolomide. The optimal point of temozolomide administration should be when ARNTL expression is highest, that is, the effect is better at night. In summary, our study provided a basis for optimizing clinical dosing regimens and chronotherapy for glioma. The four key CCGs can serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for glioma patients, and ARNTL also has obvious advantages in the direction of glioma chronotherapy.
Nurses’ Pain Assessment Practices for Cognitively Intact and Impaired Older Adults in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Rababa Mohammad , Al-Sabbah Shatha
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Pain is still under-recognized and undertreated among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, such as those being intubated or with dementia, cognitive impairments, or communication deficits due to inability to self-report. This study aimed to describe nurses’ pain assessment practices for cognitively intact and impaired older adult ICU patients. Methods: A descriptive correlational study of a convenience sample of 200 registered nurses was conducted in private, public, and university-affiliated hospitals in Irbid, Jordan. Descriptive statistics, such as mean, standard deviation, and frequency, were used to analyze the study data. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the proportion of nurses who assessed and documented pain every 1–4 h in cognitively intact patients than those with cognitive impairment (n = 67, 63.21% vs. n = 39, 36.79%), p = 0.002, compared to the proportion of nurses who never assessed and document pain in cognitively impaired patients than those without cognitive impairment (n = 38, 76.0% vs. n = 12, 24%), p < 0.001. Discussion/Conclusion: Our study results showed that the majority of participant nurses felt that the use of pain assessment tools for cognitively intact and impaired older adult ICU patients to self-report is somewhat not at all important. This study also reported that nurses perceived themselves as the individuals who accurately rate the pain in cognitively intact patients, followed by the patients themselves.
Predictive Value of Blood Markers in Pediatric Brain Tumors Using Machine Learning
Authors: Khayat Kashani Hamid Reza , Azhari Shirzad , Moradi Ehsan , Samii Fahime , Mirahmadi Mohammad Sana , Towfiqi Ali
Published: July 2022

Background: The brain tumor is the most common solid tumor in children. Blood markers in most malignancies are altered due to the effect of inflammatory mediators on the bone marrow. Objective: This study aimed to predict the malignancy of pediatric brain tumors using blood markers. Methods: The pediatric brain tumors were divided into benign and malignant groups. Blood markers, including RBC, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were extracted. Differences in blood markers between two groups were assessed using statistical analysis. The accuracy of machine learning to determine pediatric brain tumors’ malignancy was evaluated using blood markers and demographic information. Results: Among 113 patients, 55 patients were in the benign tumor group, and 58 patients were in the malignant tumor group. In the statistical study of blood markers in two groups, LMR was significantly different and positively correlated with malignancy. Other blood markers were not significantly different between two groups. This study showed that support-vector machines using blood markers, age, and sex can differentiate benign and malignant pediatric brain tumors with 71.6% accuracy. Conclusions: Despite the statistically significant differences in blood markers in different grades of brain tumors in adults, their differences in pediatric brain tumors, except LMR, were not significant. Machine learning using blood markers can differentiate between benign and malignant pediatric brain tumors with 71.6% accuracy.
Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969 (Crustacea: Caridea: Palaemonidae) associated with the sea urchin Astropyga magnifica Clark, 1934 (Echinoidea: Diadematidae) in the Alcatraz Archipelago, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Tavares Marcos Domingos Siqueira , Mendonça Júnior Joel Braga de
Published: July 2022

The caridean shrimp Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969, is reported from the Alcatraz Archipelago (24°S, off the coast of southeastern Brazil) in association with the sea urchin Astropyga magnifica Clark, 1934. This finding significantly increases the known range of this species from 20°S to 24°S. An overview of the species in Tuleariocaris with their respective associated host sea urchins is provided.
Caracterização da geologia e da geomorfologia do Parque Natural Municipal do Monte Mochuara, Cariacica, ES
Authors: Costa Flávia Compassi da , Marques Rodson de Abreu , Fernandes Victor Mateus Tavares , Silva Amanda Abreu da , Macêdo Iago Mateus Lopes de
Published: July 2022

O Parque Natural Municipal do Monte Mochuara, em Cariacica, região da Grande Vitória, Espírito Santo, constitui uma importante unidade de conservação, abrigando fragmentos preservados da mata atlântica. A região, contudo, carece de estudos específicos que auxiliem na preservação do meio abiótico, contribuição esta objetivada pelo presente trabalho. A área tem seu contexto geológico inserido no Orógeno Araçuaí, porção setentrional da Província Mantiqueira, edificado nos eventos colisionais reunidos no Ciclo Brasiliano durante o Neoproterozoico. A cartografia geológica da região salienta três unidades litológicas: Sillimanita-Cordierita-Granada-Biotita Gnaisse, Biotita Granito e Cobertura Sedimentar. Diques pegmatíticos e de diabásio são frequentes. A geomorfologia do parque é caracterizada pela ocorrência de patamares escalonados, moldados em níveis topográficos crescentes, resultante das variações entre conjuntos litológicos e estruturas resultantes de diversas interações tectônicas e elementos da dinâmica externa. Dados estruturais indicam dois trends principais de lineamentos: um dominante, de direção N10-30W, condicionando as principais cristas e vales; e outro, menos frequente, de direção N30-50E, condicionando a geomorfologia da porção sudeste do parque. A atual configuração da paisagem do Mochuara é resultado da interação entre agentes intempéricos, tipos litológicos e diversas estruturas geológicas. Os dados de geologia e geomorfologia gerados por este trabalho atuam como subsídios para o plano de manejo do parque e para a definição de pontos de interesse turístico e didático-pedagógico na região do Mochuara.
Spatiotemporal analysis of gullies and environmental controlling factors in the municipality of Alegre (state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil)
Authors: Hartwig Marcos Eduardo , Alves João Pedro Inacio
Published: July 2022

Water erosion of soil slopes causes several environmental, economic, and social losses worldwide every year, particularly, when it reaches more advanced stages, leading to the formation of gullies. The municipality of Alegre, in the state of Espírito Santo (southeastern Brazil), has numerous gullies, which stand out in the landscape by their impressive proportions and environmental impacts. Nevertheless, very few studies have been published on the subject and most focus on specific erosion features. Therefore, this study aimed at mapping out the gullies to create an inventory and at qualitatively evaluatingthe environmental factors controlling gully development from 2009 to 2019. Terrain elevation, slope angle, aspect, surface curvature, lithology, soil types, rainfall erosivity, and land cover were considered gully causative factors. Google Earth Pro imagery and classical Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were used to locate the gullies and to process/evaluate the environmental factors. The number of gullies in the study area remained approximately constant over the past ten years. Results revealed that the gullies may have started at different periods and are still active and evolving. Finally, the spatial distribution of the gullies is not random, but controlled by geomorphological, geological, and land cover factors.
THE POLLUTER PAYS PRINCIPLE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN UNION EMISSIONS TRADING SYSTEM
Authors: YILMAZ UĞUR Candan
Published: July 2022

1970s, the realization that an uncontrolled development process in which consumption was prioritized and the natural link between the environment and economic development were ignored led to the search for an environment- and climate-sensitive development plan in the EU. The principle of polluter pays, which started with the process of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and later included in the basic legislation of the EU, started to be implemented in the fight against climate change. In this study, the polluter pays principle, which is implemented within the scope of EU climate change policies, is discussed. The polluter pays principle; It will be discussed within the scope of the EU's fight against climate change and its role in the internalization of negative externalities caused by carbon (CO2) emissions will be discussed.
New genera and species of Rohrthripidae (Thysanoptera: Tubulifera) from Burmese Cretaceous amber
Authors: ULITZKA MANFRED R.
Published: July 2022

The Rohrthripidae is a family of fossil tubuliferan thrips known exclusively from the Cretaceous. Despite typical tubuliferan features, these thrips show terebrantian character states, particularly on the wings and antennae, which have been interpreted as plesiomorphic. At present, the family includes only a single genus, with seven species. In the present study, 11 new species and four new genera of these ancestral thrips are described from Burmese Cenomanian amber: Adstrictubothrips mirapterus gen. et sp. n., Gemineurothrips microcephalus gen. et sp. n., Gemineurothrips peculiaris gen. et sp. n., Paralleloalathrips bivenatus gen. et sp. n., Rohrthrips brachyvenis sp. n., Rohrthrips multihamuli sp. n., Rohrthrips pandemicus sp. n., Rohrthrips rhamphorhynchus sp. n., Rohrthrips setiger sp. n., Sesquithrips markpankowskii gen. et sp. n. and Sesquithrips rostratus gen. et sp. n. Furthermore, Alavathrips moralesi, a species from Spanish Cretaceous amber, is placed into the Rohrthripidae and its sex is reinterpreted as male. The present study, moreover, provides a tighter definition of the Rohrthripidae and a more detailed description of important character states. Finally, it is outlined why it makes taxonomic sense to distinguish Rohrthripidae from the modern Tubulifera, the Phlaeothripidae.
The Impact of 9/11 on Money Laundering
Authors: Haq Izhar , El Shahat Islam , Abatemarco Michael , Bates Christopher
Published: July 2022

This article examines money laundering and terrorist financing from both a conceptual framework as well as the regulations that attempt to combat its use. A historical perspective of money laundering provides context on its origins, evolution, and anti-money laundering efforts. After a review of the money laundering process, anti-money laundering efforts in the United States are examined through the end of the twentieth century as well as the rise of international terrorism. The impact of September 11, 2001 on anti-money laundering efforts is then examined along with identifying links between human and drug trafficking with terrorist financing. The article concludes with emerging technologies that may have a significant impact on both money laundering and anti-money laundering efforts as they apply to the threat of terrorism.
Pattern of Regional Disparities in the Level of Household Deprivation among the Scheduled Tribes of Eastern India: A District-level Analysis
Authors: Deb Pamela , Mukherjee Rameswar
Published: July 2022

This study attempted to show regional disparities in the level of deprivation among the Scheduled Tribe population in eastern Indian states (Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal). This work is based on house listing and housing table of Census of India, 2011 and Socio-Economic Cast Census data. The Wroclaw Taxonomic method was employed for measuring the deprivation index. The results show that, out of 110 districts, 55 districts are in a middle-deprived stage and 13 districts are in a highly deprived stage. Among the states, the level of deprivation is very high in Odisha, followed by West Bengal. The situation is quite better in Jharkhand. The study also shows that the districts with little better condition are either situated in agricultural plain, mining centres, power plants or tourism centres. The study also reveals that the areas with the better conditions are either in agricultural plains, mining centres, power plants or tourism centres. As a result, the research recommends enhancing previously existing tribal development programmes as well as regional general development programmes in order to reduce concerns such as tribal, rural and regional deprivation.
Gathering Rich Data on Preservice Science Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge Through Their Lesson Plans
Authors: Kaya Zehra , Nafiz Kaya Osman
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to, first, examine the potential of lesson plans (LPs) of preservice science teachers (PSTs, N = 631) as a source for gathering rich data on their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and, second, qualitatively describe PSTs’ reasons for the level of data richness in their LPs on PCK. PSTs’ handwritten LPs were analyzed through an analytic rubric, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 79 randomly selected PSTs. Results revealed a range of the level of data richness of the PSTs’ LPs on PCK and five descriptive categories about the PSTs’ reasons for the richness of LP data on PCK. The study implies that researchers should consider the inclusion of the LP as a valid tool in their triangulation design; however, they should weigh the factors that influence the collection of rich data in their PCK studies to triangulate findings better to portray a holistic picture of PCK.
Trends in the Use of Face Coverings in Publicly Accessible Spaces During the COVID-19 Pandemic, King County, Washington, November 2020–May 2021
Authors: Tolentino Lorenzo , Guthrie Brandon , Baker Marissa G. , Beck Nicola K. , Chan Nadine , Duchin Jeffrey S. , Gomez Anthony , Simckes Maayan , Wasserman Cathy , Cohen Martin A. , Wasserheit Judith N.
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

Appropriate face covering use at public venues can help mitigate the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the absence of widespread vaccination and provide protection when viral variants become more infectious. The objective of this study was to evaluate compliance with a statewide face mask mandate by examining trends in face covering use in publicly accessible spaces in King County, Washington.

Methods:

From November 27, 2020, through May 11, 2021, we conducted a repeated cross-sectional observational study of face covering use across publicly accessible venues (eg, grocery and convenience stores, airport, transit center, post office). Trained observers recorded perceived sex, estimated age group, and face covering use. We calculated estimates of overall face covering use and prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs.

Results:

We observed 9865 people in 53 unique venues during 229 observation intervals during 6 observation periods. Correct face covering use was 87.2% overall and lowest at semi-outdoor venues such as transit hubs (78.1%) and the pick-up curb of Seattle–Tacoma International Airport (69.0%). Correct face covering use was lowest among men (PR = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.27-1.58) and among people aged 2-11 years (PR = 2.74; 95% CI, 2.37-3.17) and 12-17 years (PR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.07-1.72). Compliance declined among adults aged ≥60 years and among younger age groups before vaccine eligibility.

Conclusions:

Overall compliance with the statewide face mask mandate in King County was high. Layered mitigation strategies, including but not limited to the use of face coverings, and methods to assess adherence to them are crucial to preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
Using Automation, Prioritization, and Collaboration to Manage a COVID-19 Case Surge in Maricopa County, Arizona, 2020
Authors: Scott Sarah E. , Mrukowicz Christina , Collins Jennifer , Jehn Megan , Charifson Mia , Hobbs Katherine C. , Zabel Karen , Chronister Sara , Howard Brandon J. , White Jessica R.
Published: July 2022

During summer 2020, the Maricopa County Department of Public Health (MCDPH) responded to a surge in COVID-19 cases. We used internet-based platforms to automate case notifications, prioritized investigation of cases more likely to have onward transmission or severe COVID-19 based on available preinvestigation information, and partnered with Arizona State University (ASU) to scale investigation capacity. We assessed the speed of automated case notifications and accuracy of our investigation prioritization criteria. Timeliness of case notification—the median time between receipt of a case report at MCDPH and first case contact—improved from 11 days to <1 day after implementation of automated case notification. We calculated the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the investigation prioritization system by applying our high-risk prioritization criteria separately to data available pre- and postinvestigation to determine whether a case met these criteria preinvestigation, postinvestigation, or both. We calculated the sensitivity as the percentage of cases classified postinvestigation as high risk that had also been classified as high risk preinvestigation. We calculated PPV as the percentage of all cases deemed high risk preinvestigation that remained so postinvestigation. During June 30 to July 31, 2020, a total of 55 056 COVID-19 cases with an associated telephone number (94% of 58 570 total cases) were reported. Preinvestigation, 8799 (16%) cases met high-risk criteria. Postinvestigation, 17 037 (31%) cases met high-risk criteria. Sensitivity was 52% and PPV was 98%. Automating case notifications, prioritizing investigations, and collaborating with ASU improved the timeliness of case contact, focused public health resources toward high-priority cases, and increased investigation capacity. Establishing partnerships between health departments and academia might be a helpful strategy for future surge capacity planning.
Implementation of a Nationwide Knowledge-Based COVID-19 Contact Tracing Training Program, 2020
Authors: Ruebush Elizabeth , Dennison Amanda , Lane J.T. , Harper-Hardy Paris , Poulin Amelia , Prather Bill , Wright Shauntā , Harvey David , Fraser Michael R.
Published: July 2022

In the United States, the public health response to control COVID-19 required rapid expansion of the contact tracing workforce from approximately 2200 personnel prepandemic to more than 100 000 during the pandemic. We describe the development and implementation of a free nationwide training course for COVID-19 contact tracers that launched April 28, 2020, and summarize participant characteristics and evaluation findings through December 31, 2020. Uptake of the online asynchronous training was substantial: 90 643 registrants completed the course during the first 8 months. In an analysis of a subset of course participants (n = 13 697), 7724 (56.4%) reported having no prepandemic public health experience and 7178 (52.4%) reported currently serving as case investigators, contact tracers, or both. Most participants who completed a course evaluation reported satisfaction with course utility (94.8%; 59 497 of 62 753) and improved understanding of contact tracing practice (93.0%; 66 107 of 71 048). These findings suggest that the course successfully reached the intended audience of new public health practitioners. Lessons learned from this implementation indicate that an introductory course level is appropriate for a national knowledge-based training that aims to complement jurisdiction-specific training. In addition, offering a range of implementation options can promote course uptake among public health agency staff. This course supported the emerging needs of the public health practice community by training a workforce to fill an important gap during the COVID-19 pandemic and could serve as a feasible model for enhancing workforce knowledge for future and ongoing public health threats.
Investigation of the influence of high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt content used in three-dimensional weft-knitted fabrics on the mechanical risks
Authors: Krauledaitė Julija , Ancutienė Kristina , Krauledas Sigitas , Urbelis Virginijus , Sacevičienė Virginija
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the resistance of three-dimensional (3D) weft-knitted fabrics to mechanical risks in order to determine the impact of the percentage content of raw materials in the knits on mechanical loads. For this purpose, 3D weft-knitted fabrics, consisting of a front side, binding, and back side layers, were designed and produced on an E20 circular weft-knitting machine using organic multifilament yarns (high molecular weight polyethylene, HMWPE) and inorganic multifilament (basalt, BS) yarns for the front and back side layers and conventional polyamide yarns for the binding layer. The cut, puncture, abrasion, and tear resistance tests were performed to assess the resistance of 3D weft-knitted fabrics to mechanical risks. According to the testing results, basalt in the structure of 3D weft-knitted fabrics significantly increases the cut resistance, even in cases of a small basalt content in the knit. The puncture, abrasion, and tear resistance testing results showed that the highest HMWPE percentage content in the knitted structure provided the highest resistance to these risks, while increasing the basalt content in the knit did not improve the resistance testing results. Based on the testing results and the assessment of the protection levels provided by the knitted fabrics, the conclusion can be made that the use of HMWPE multifilament yarns and basalt multifilament yarns in the structure of 3D weft-knitted fabrics contributes to the achievement of the highest levels of performance. All the designed 3D weft-knitted fabrics provide complex protection against different mechanical risks (cut, puncture, abrasion, tear). The tests performed may be useful for further development of knitted fabrics designed to provide protection against mechanical risks.
Christianity and Social Order as a model of collaborative leadership in the public arena
Authors: Spencer Stephen
Published: July 2022

Placing Christianity and Social Order within a wider movement that began with the Malvern Conference in 1941 and continued with a series of mass meetings after it was published, and noting the way its content drew together and promoted various strands of Christian social reflection, this article highlights the ecumenical and collaborative nature of the leadership it provided.
Paradoxical Effects of Teleworking on Workers’ Well-Being in the COVID-19 Context: A Comparison Between Different Public Administrations and the Private Sector
Authors: Boulet Maude , Parent-Lamarche Annick
Published: July 2022

This study examines workers’ well-being during the first lockdown by comparing teleworkers to on-site workers across the private sector and public administrations. Using a sample of workers ( N = 471) collected online, we noted a positive association between telework and well-being. When sector is introduced, this relationship disappears, and public service workers display a higher level of well-being compared with health and social service workers. The impact of teleworking differs across sectors, highlighting the relevance of the contingent approach of human resource management (HRM). Nonetheless, our results indicated that teleworkers who prefer the segmentation of work–life boundaries display a lower level of well-being than those who prefer the integration of these boundaries. For HRM practitioners of all sectors, this finding is essential to remember after the pandemic because organizations should avoid imposing teleworking universally. Flexibility will be required to be inclusive and to preserve the well-being of all employees.
Toward a Deeper Understanding of Prolific Lying: Building a Profile of Situation-Level and Individual-Level Characteristics
Authors: Markowitz David M.
Published: July 2022

Prior work suggests those who lie prolifically tend to be younger and self-identify as male compared to those who engage in everyday lying, but little research has developed an understanding of prolific lying beyond demographics. Study 1 ( N = 775) replicated the prior demographic effects and assessed prolific lying through situation-level (e.g., opportunistic cheating) and individual-level characteristics (e.g., dispositional traits, general communication patterns) for white and big lies. For these two lie types, prolific lying associated with more opportunistic cheating, the use of fewer adjectives, and being high on psychopathy compared to everyday lying. Study 2 ( N = 1,022) replicated these results and observed a deception consensus effect reported in other studies: the more that people deceived, the more they believed that others deceived as well. This piece develops a deeper theoretical understanding of prolific lying for white and big lies, combining evidence of situational, dispositional, and communication characteristics.
Prognostic significance of cystic nodal metastasis in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Pupić-Bakrač Jure , Rašić Mario
Published: July 2022

This is a brief communication stressing some critical points associated with cystic nodal metastasis (CNM) in human papillomavirus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and its implication on treatment protocols and outcomes.
What We (Do Not) Know About Punishment Across Organizational Boundaries
Authors: Frey Erin , Adams Gabrielle S. , Pfeffer Jeffrey , Belmi Peter
Published: July 2022

Though organizational scholars have studied punishment for decades, recent examples of punishment in organizations cannot be fully explained by the scholarly literature. This may be because much of our prior understanding of punishment has been based on studies in highly bounded organizations, but with the shift to remote work arrangements and contract or freelance work, modern organizations are becoming increasingly boundaryless. Does punishment in bounded organizations look different than punishment in boundaryless organizations? To answer this question, we review and categorize the literature on punishment in organizations according to the boundedness of the organization it examined. We find that though there are similarities in punishment in bounded and boundaryless organizations, punishment in boundaryless organizations involves different actors, punishing different situations, for different reasons, using different methods. However, many questions about punishment in boundaryless organizations remain, including about the pervasiveness, motivations, and impacts that punishment has in boundaryless organizations.
Is digitalisation of public health and social welfare services reinforcing social exclusion? The case of Russian-speaking older migrants in Finland
Authors: Buchert Ulla , Kemppainen Laura , Olakivi Antero , Wrede Sirpa , Kouvonen Anne
Published: July 2022

Governments are rapidly digitalising public services to increase cost-effectiveness of the public sector. This study examines older migrants’ use of digital public health and social welfare services from the perspective of social exclusion. The study uses a mixed methods approach, drawing on representative survey data of Russian-speaking migrants in Finland and qualitative interviews with third-sector representatives who assist Russian-speaking migrants with digital service use.

Our quantitative results show that a sizeable proportion of Russian-speaking older adults are excluded from digital services. In particular, those with lower socio-economic status, poor local language skills and without Finnish education are at higher risk of exclusion. Our qualitative results describe the multiple ways the exclusion from digital services intersects with other disadvantages in the everyday lives of Russian-speaking older adults. We argue that digitalisation of these services may foster social exclusion and endanger the realisation of these people's social rights.
Prevalence of left iliac vein compression in an asymptomatic population and patients with left iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis: A multicenter cross-sectional study in southern China
Authors: Zhu Qiaohua , Yang Lun , Zhu Huiyan , Kong Wei , Feng Ruizhi , Luo Jun , Chen Minming , Wu Dehua , Yu Qirong , Zhang Ruyan , Luo Meihua
Published: July 2022

Objective

Population-based epidemiological data on left common iliac vein (LCIV) compression is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of LCIV compression in an asymptomatic population and patients with left iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (IF-DVT).

Materials and Methods

Nonprobability sampling method was used in this multicenter cross-sectional study. The minimum diameter of LCIV and right common iliac vein minimum were measured. The percentage of LCIV compression (LCIV-CP) was calculated. Compression severity (CS) was classified as mild (CP ≤ 50%), moderate (50% < CP ≤ 70%), and severe (CP > 70%).

Results

In all, 896 subjects constituted the asymptomatic population and 93 patients constituted the IF-DVT population. In the asymptomatic population, LCIV-CP ranged from 1.1% to 89.9% (mean 44.0%), and people with mild, moderate, and severe CS accounted for 62.3%, 28.2%, and 9.5%, respectively. In the IF-DVT population, the mean LCIV-CP was 71.1% (range 42.2%–95.2%), and patients with severe CS accounted for 75.3%. Gender and age differences in LCIV-CP and CS distribution were observed in the asymptomatic population. Females, the young- and middle-aged group had higher LCIV-CPs. In the population with moderate-severe CS, the middle-aged group accounted for a larger proportion. Middle-aged females comprised the highest percentage of patients with moderate or severe CS. Sex and age affected the LCIV-CP and CS distribution. No gender and age differences were observed in the IF-DVT population.

Conclusions

LCIV compression is common in population. Middle-aged females are the predominant population with moderate-severe compression. Overlapping of LCIV-CP in the asymptomatic and IF-DVT population is significant and other risk factors should be integrated into the consideration when assessing the risk of IF-DVT secondary to LCIV compression.
What do we know about small and medium enterprises’ survival in a post-global economic crisis context?
Authors: Steinerowska-Streb Izabella , Glod Grzegorz , Steiner Artur
Published: July 2022

Considering the impacts of the most recent global economic crisis in 2008/2009, this paper explores how firm size, type of business activity and approach to internationalisation influence SMEs’ survival. Based on the literature in the field, we developed three hypotheses regarding determinants of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) survival. We tested these hypotheses in a 7-year quantitative study and a survey of 344 SMEs in Poland – the seventh largest market in the European Union. Our findings reveal that, in the context of crisis, internationalisation acts as a stimulus for SMEs and influences their long-term sustainability, with businesses operating in foreign markets being more likely to survive after a global crisis. However, neither business size nor the type of business activity appears to have an impact on SMEs’ survival in a post-global economic crisis environment. Our paper extends knowledge about factors influencing a firm’s post-crisis survival and proposes a new framework for understanding characteristics of SMEs and their propensity to survive in a post-crisis context. In our conclusions, we discuss implications for SME entrepreneurs showing that, in order to enhance chances of survival, even small and medium enterprises should consider expanding business activities beyond their national markets.