bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Potassium and Iron Levels on Growth and Yield of Kharif Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata L.)
Authors: Swathi Padachala , Singh Shikha , Meshram M.R. , Sanjay K.J. , Girisha Kimudu , Dileep Dudekula
Published: April 2021

Background: Rice bean (Vigna umbellata L.) has recently been notified as a promising pulse crop. It is grown for green manure, green fodder and pulses. Potassium plays a major role in increasing the legume yield and yield components, besides provides tolerance to stress such as high-low temperature and drought. Similarly, iron is important for chlorophyll synthesis and is a key component of the nitrogenase enzyme, which is important for nitrogen fixation. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2020 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P). India. Study the ‘‘Effect of potassium and iron levels on growth and yield of kharif Rice bean (Vigna umbellata L.)”. The present experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD). Result: The results revealed that the application of 20 kg K2O/ha + 15 kg Fe/ha recorded maximum plant height (111.17 cm), branches per plant (23.40), nodules per plant at 60 DAS (35.67), plant dry weight (41.33 g/plant), pods per plant (26.20), seeds per pod (7.93), seed yield (1.67 t/ha), stover yield (3.95 t/ha), harvest index (29.69%), net return (Rs 81,155.6/ha) and B: C ratio (2.43). It can be concluded that 20 kg K2O /ha + 15 kg Fe/ha was found more productive as well as economic for Rice bean.
Key Considerations: Operational Considerations for Building Community Resilience for COVID-19 Response and Recovery
Authors: Schmidt-Sane Megan , Niederberger Eva , Hrynick Tabitha
Published: April 2021

As the unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to robustly support vulnerable communities and bolster ‘community resilience.’ A community resilience approach means to work in partnership with communities and strengthen their capacities to mitigate the impact of the pandemic, including its social and economic fallout. However, this is not resilience which returns the status quo. This moment demands transformative change in which inequalities are tackled and socioeconomic conditions are improved. While a community resilience approach is relatively new to epidemic preparedness and response, it frames epidemic shocks more holistically and from the perspective of a whole system. While epidemic response often focuses on mitigating vulnerabilities, there is an opportunity to use a resilience framework to build existing capacities to manage health, social, psychosocial, and economic impacts of an epidemic. This makes a resilience approach more localised, adaptable, and sustainable in the long-term, which are key tenets of an epidemic response informed by social science. This brief presents considerations for how health and humanitarian practitioners can support communities to respond to and recover from COVID-19 using a community resilience approach. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).
Economia compartilhada e novas formas transnacionais de consumo na era dos unicórnios
Authors: Giovanini Adilson
Published: April 2021

A Economia Compartilhada (EC) representa uma nova forma de consumo cuja disseminação é explicada pela crescente ubiquidade das plataformas digitais e aplicativos. Esse artigo possui três objetivos: 1) construir um indicador capaz de mensurar o ingresso dos países na EC; 2) caracterizar o ingresso dos países nesse novo modelo de consumo; e, 3) identificar os fatores que influenciam na sua propagação. A análise descritiva dos dados e seis regressões por mínimos quadrados ordinários são utilizados para identificar os fatores que explicam a expansão da EC, mensurada através da construção de um Índice de EC, com base em 14,9 bilhões de dados de tráfego nos sites e aplicativos especializados em compartilhamento para 175 países. As estatísticas descritivas mostram que a EC está se difundindo principalmente entre os países que apresentam renda mais elevada. Já as regressões estimadas indicam que o acesso à internet, os direitos de propriedade e a presença de um ambiente excessivamente regulamentado são os principais fatores que contribuem para o acesso a esse novo padrão de consumo.
Carcinicultura paraense
Authors: Afonso Antônio Gabriel Araújo , Barros Kaio Diego das Neves , Barros Francisco Alex Lima , Cordeiro Carlos Alberto Martins , Veras Galileu Crovatto , Brabo Marcos Ferreira
Published: April 2021

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a implantação de unidade de processamento de camarão como alternativa para agregação de valor. De janeiro a agosto de 2018, foram realizadas visitas técnicas à propriedades produtoras de camarão cinza Litopenaeus vannamei em Curuçá – PA e unidade de beneficiamento de pescado em Castanhal – PA, além de entrevistas com proprietários e técnicos responsáveis para definir a localização, o produto, o layout do empreendimento e a capacidade produtiva. Curuçá – PA foi o município selecionado para sediar a unidade processadora. A área total do estabelecimento foi projetada em 66,02 m2. Definiu-se o produto como camarão inteiro pré-cozido e salgado (peso acima de 10g) e produção diária de 150kg. O Custo de implantação foi estimado em R$150.300,00, o Custo Operacional Total em R$798.966,40 e o Custo Operacional Total por kg em R$40,97. A Taxa Interna de Retorno foi de 122,0% e o Período de Retorno do Capital de 1,9 anos. A unidade de beneficiamento de camarão em Curuçá – PA mostrou-se rentável para a escala de produtos artesanais comestíveis.
Desenvolvimento de uma pirâmide alimentar adaptada à população vegetariana brasileira
Authors: Pereira Joice Queiroz , Santos Bárbara Chaves , Lima Daniel Carvalho de
Published: April 2021

A população vegetariana está cada vez mais presente na sociedade. Apesar das dietas vegetarianas possivelmente reduzirem o risco de diversas doenças, as mesmas quando não são devidamente planejadas podem levar a carências nutricionais, principalmente de proteínas, ferro, cálcio e vitamina B12. Diante dessas evidências, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma pirâmide alimentar que possa servir como guia alimentar e instrumento de educação nutricional para vegetarianos. Para o desenvolvimento da pirâmide, os alimentos foram divididos em grupos alimentares e porções e foram distribuídos em três dietas (1600, 2200 e 2800 kcal/dia). A dieta calculada apresentou uma distribuição percentual de macronutrientes adequada às recomendações, o ferro e os micronutrientes restantes, com exceção do cálcio e das vitaminas D e B12. A pirâmide alimentar vegetariana foi então dividida em quatro níveis compostos por oito grupos alimentares, indicando as porções mínimas e máximas a serem consumidas por dia. O presente estudo sugere que a pirâmide alimentar para vegetarianos, confeccionada por seus autores, pode ser útil como guia alimentar para a população vegetariana, por apresentar informações relevantes sobre os alimentos e porções nutricionalmente adequadas para essa população.
As agendas civis para a Amazônia
Authors: Sales Camila Maria Risso
Published: April 2021

Vista como cenário da salvação ambiental do planeta, a Amazônia tem desper­tado o interesse internacional. Por sua vez, no Brasil, depois do fim dos governos mili­tares, com advento da Nova Ordem Mundial e o avanço das políticas neoliberais, sur­gem diferentes agendas estratégicas civis para a Amazônia no século XXI. Enquanto isso, as preocupações militares com a região centraram-se principalmente no risco de sua internacionalização. Neste quadro, este trabalho busca analisar as agendas estratégicas civis para a Amazônia, apresentando assim um quadro das convergências e divergências entre estas. Em termos metodológicos, numa primeira etapa, a pesquisa consistiu na análise de documentos das principais agendas, denominadas: Agenda 21, agenda local e agenda nacionalista critica. Efetuou-se também a leitura da bibliografia disponível sobre a Agenda 21 e de alguns trabalhos teóricos sobre a questão do desenvolvimento susten­tável, escritos de representantes da agenda nacionalista crítica e das elites locais. Como resultado, foi possível inferir que existem divergências quanto às propostas para a região amazônica, que vão desde políticas ambientais de cunho mundial para a região até pro­postas da elite regional visando o pleno desenvolvimento econômico, passando por uma agenda nacionalista de esquerda, que procura partir do local para o global.
Arturo Escobar. After Nature
Authors: Basch Gábor
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta um esboço de uma ecologia política antropo­lógica que reconhece por completo o caráter construído da natureza, sugerindo os passos para fazer a junção do cultural e do biológico em bases construtivistas. De florestas tropicais a laboratórios de biotecnolo­gia avançada, os recursos para a invenção de naturezas e culturas estão desigualmente distribuídos.
Jovens rurais e agricultura familiar
Authors: Pereira José Carlos Alves
Published: April 2021

O debate contemporâneo sobre agricultura familiar no Brasil revela que muitos agricultores reelaboram e criam estratégias de produção e reprodução social alternativas ao modelo produtivista. Uma estratégia é a pluriatividade. Ademais, emergem problemáticas como a dos jovens rurais com poucas perspectivas de permanecer habitando e trabalhando no campo em contextos sociais adversos à agricultura familiar. A partir dessa conjuntura, investiga-se as possibilidades dessa agricultura na perspectiva de jovens rurais em contextos de pluriatividade e modernidade.
Cultura Cabocla
Authors: Martins Pedro , Welter Tânia
Published: April 2021

Neste texto, trataremos de apresentar resultados parciais de pesquisa levada a cabo na área rural de Santa Catarina enfocando o segmento da população camponesa identificada como “caboclos” – que será observada a partir do contexto rural mas considerando o processo migratório campo-cidade-campo que caracteriza a dinâmica populacional deste segmento nos tempos atuais. Trata-se de abordar esta parcela da população a partir das diversas categorias identitárias buscando identificar os critérios de atribuição destas categorias, sua operacionalidade política (para a população alvo), científica (para os pesquisadores) e a dinâmica cultural subjacente aos diversos processos históricos a ele associados.  Ao tratar do conceito de cultura cabocla, optamos por uma visão não essencialista que negue a abordagem de cultura como totalidade – distinta, homogênea, estável e atemporal (Wolf, 2003:12), e  buscamos enfocar a dinâmica cultural em suas facetas, especialmente as manifestações religiosas, numa perspectiva relacional, com destaque para as interações e interconexões sociais (Hall, 2003).
Apontamentos sobre a “inversão” em Marx
Authors: Silva Jair Batista da
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar qual o sentido dado por Marx à noção de inversão. Como é sabido, Marx afirmou que inverteu a dialética hegeliana para extrair dela o nódulo racional. Assim sendo, pretende-se verificar se o sentido desta noção é o mesmo ou se ela sofre transformações em momentos diferentes da sua obra. Para isso, pesquisamos obras referentes a momentos distintos de sua trajetória intelectual com a pretensão de evidenciar a polissemia que a inversão adquire quando se comparam textos de períodos diversos. Por isso, nos baseamos na hipótese segundo a qual Marx introduz conteúdo diferente à noção quer se tome os textos do início de produção intelectual (Os Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos), quer se investigue a sua obra mais importante (O Capital).
Matrizes discursivas em fontes fotográficas
Authors: Arruda Lucybeth Camargo de
Published: April 2021

O conjunto das práticas instauradas nos postos indígenas, agências criadas pelo Serviço de Proteção ao Índio (SPI), visava, a médio e longo prazo, o abandono de alguns hábitos e a adoção de outros. Ao menos, era esta a convicção do órgão, de que os corpos dos índios, através de ações contínuas e sistemáticas, se tornariam gradualmente mais harmônicos, submissos e obedientes, em sua concepção civilizadora. Em vários trechos da documentação do SPI, os funcionários discutem o resultado da pacificação dos índios e de todo o processo de transformação do índio em "civilizado", por meio de um conjunto de ações disciplinadoras, que é empregado na prática diária dos postos indígenas e, mais do que isso, como orientação a ser seguida em diversas situações. Para a compreensão desse processo, é preciso considerar que a partir de 1910 - quando o Serviço de Proteção ao Índio é criado -, o Estado brasileiro passa a adotar junto aos índios do Brasil, uma política de integração dos povos indígenas ao projeto de construção nacional. Partindo de uma concepção evolucionista, o projeto era parte de um programa que visava consolidar o país enquanto Estado-Nação. Essa integração, nos moldes de uma construção identitária homogeneizadora, está impressa nas imagens, aqui em análise, do arquivo do Serviço de Proteção aos Índios.
Ciberarte e pós-humano
Authors: Franco Edgar
Published: April 2021

No limiar do século XXI, o neologismo “ciberarte” surge para batizar as formas de arte envolvidas com as novas tecnologias, tentando agregá-las a partir de uma característica comum a todas as suas poéticas: a interatividade. Outro termo popular na atualidade entre filósofos, cientistas sociais e artistas é o “pós-humano”, neologismo que tem como um dos seus significados possíveis a expansão e diluição do corpo e da consciência humana, através do acoplamento crescente com as novas tecnologias (robótica, telemática, nanoengenharia, biogenética). A proposta de muitos artistas parece criar conexões intrínsecas entre ciberarte e pós-humano, e este artigo trata dessas imbricações no contexto da arte contemporânea.
Access and partnership: How schools in England responded to changes in career guidance services in the first two decades of the 21st century
Authors: Andrews David
Published: April 2021

Over the past 20 years career guidance services for young people in England have undergone two major changes: from privatised careers companies to Connexions, followed by the dismantling of the national service. This article examines how schools responded to these changes. It argues that, while schools have been given more responsibility for making sure pupils have access to career guidance, the range of provision has become wider, in terms of type of provider, level of support and quality. The article concludes with an analysis of the impact on the partnership between schools and providers of career guidance services, and poses questions about the lack of support for young people not in school.
What has digital technology done for us and how can we evolve as a sector to make best use of what it has to offer?
Authors: Moore Nicki
Published: April 2021

The need for career development practitioners to develop digital skills is a subject which has been revisited many times. This article draws on research undertaken in the UK in 2019 to establish the barriers and enablers in the use of technology to delivery career guidance and the training needs of the career development workforce to make the most of what digital technology has to offer. The research found that career development practitioners were using digital technology and applications both in their practice with clients and in the way they manage their business. This has prepared them to respond to the challenges in delivering career development services that the COVID-19 pandemic presented.
Career development and coaching: Straddling two worlds and bringing them together
Authors: Frigerio Gill , Rix Stephanie
Published: April 2021

This article distinguishes between the areas of professional practice of ‘coaching’ and ‘career guidance’, reviewing recent change and noting the emergence of ‘career coaching’ as a crossover activity. We argue for further integration of coaching and careers work under this label and note some of the benefits for coaches who are working on career development issues to share a theoretical understanding of career development. We flag some attendant risks of not integrating further and note that a learning focus is a potential shared understanding that could be used as a basis for this ongoing integration.
Supporting career development in organisations: Drivers, practices and challenges
Authors: Hirsh Wendy
Published: April 2021

This article describes the evolution of career development in UK employing organisations over the period 2000-2020. It looks at the characteristics of career development in organisations; the business drivers for supporting the career development of employees; some of the ideas that have influenced how employers think about career development; and key career development practices. The article also explores the challenges that constrain effective career development for employees. In addition to published material, the article includes some case examples of current practice, drawing on semi-structured interviews with NICEC Fellows, specialists in organisational careers work and HR professionals.
Incorporation of Croatian hotel trade in the standard system of monitoring business results in the world hotel industry
Authors: Avelini Holjevac Ivanka , Peršić Milena
Published: April 2021

The paper aims at pointing out the necessity of incorporating Croatian hotel industry in the standard system of monitoring business results in the world hotel trade since it is a precondition of acknowledging and accepting our tourism and hotel industry as a part of the world tourist supply. The following are the needs and advantages of being incorporated in the world hotel industry's system of monitoring business results: • enables comparison of a specific country's hotel industry results with the world industry average, with European industry and hotel industry of specific countries as well as the assessment of the position on the tourist market, • increases the competitiveness of the country's hotel industry as it results in the higher level of services, customers satisfaction and quality of tourism as a whole, • creates and enhances the partnership of the participants in the world tourist market as it enables the exchange of the most important information on hotel operation in specific countries and participation in the international flow of capital, • creates the basis for efficient hotel management as a prerequisite of the hotels successful business and its increased profitability.
Strategic marketing for small and middle sized hotel firms in Croatia
Authors: Borković Vesna
Published: April 2021

The paper analyses the efficiency of the former marketing policy of the tourist suppliers and the tourist policy by applying the elements of marketing mix (product/service, sale, promotion and rates). The paper also indicates that there is the need for qualitative transformation of nearly every more important segment of the tourist supply and the need for the development of the adequate developmental strategy as well as entering the market on all the levels from an economic subject to the country as a whole. Such an approach based on the standard model of strategic planning is described in the second part of the paper. With regard to privatisation and restructuring of the supply special attention has been paid to the small and medium-size hotels for they are expected to be the prevailing ones in the hotel industry in most destinations in Croatia.
How do students view online learning: an empirical study of online learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Xu Tian-Zi
Published: April 2021

During the Covid-19 prevention and control period, the online learning became the main learning pathway for students. Meanwhile, it brings some new questions worthy to considering, such as, how was the online learning for students? How were the effects? And how did students perceive it? In order to answer those questions and gain deep understanding for online learning, the research conducted an investigation among a number of high schools in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, with an anonymous questionnaire being distributed to the students. As the main group involved in online learning, it is critical in exploring the answers and promoting developments of online learning to investigate students’ views and attitudes towards the effectiveness, instruction, communication, advantages and disadvantages of online learning. The results indicate that even students could rapidly adapt to the new learning style, there are still several notable limitations, such as the lack of supervision, collective atmosphere of study, and humanity communication.
Struktura nedopuštene kohabitacije: analiza decizionističkoga modela politike u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Barbarić Dražen
Published: April 2021

Rad se bavi analizom decizionističke paradigme političkoga u Bosni i Hercegovini. U prvome dijelu rada postavlja se kratka teorijska osnova decizionizma na kojoj analiza počiva. Drugi dio je posvećen pojašnjavanju dvaju ključnih uzroka decizionističke matrice u BiH. Riječ je o trosegmentalnom suverenitetu kao temelju državnosti i njemu pridruženim konsocijacijskim elementima koji su ugrađeni u politički sustav. U trećem se dijelu analiziraju četiri oblika manifestacije decizionističkoga modela. Pojašnjava se fenomen legitimacije izvaninstitucionalnoga odlučivanja te zanemarivanja uloge zakonodavnih tijela koje se u decizionističkoj matrici smatraju "pričaonicama" bez stvarne moći. Nadalje, objašnjava se povratna reakcija nacionalnih zajednica koje putem izbora ili drugim oblicima artikulacije javnoga mnijenja djeluju kao retroaktivni odobravatelji vlastitih etnopolitika. Zatim se analizira fenomen konvivijalnosti nacionalnih političkih elita koje se međusobno održavaju na životu i upotpunjuju na simboličkoj i djelatnoj razini. Iako u obliku političkih neprijatelja, jedne su drugima neophodne za održavanje u političkoj sferi. Naposljetku, pojašnjava se uloga međunarodne zajednice, ponajprije kroz instituciju visokoga predstavnika koji legitimira decizionistički model, a nerijetko i sam u njemu aktivno sudjeluje.
Applications of Generating Functions to Stochastic Processes and to the Complexity of the Knapsack Problem
Authors: Jormakka Jorma , Ghosh Sourangshu
Published: April 2021

The paper describes a method of solving some stochastic processes using generating functions. A general theorem of generating functions of a particular type is derived. A generating function of this type is applied to a stochastic process yielding polynomial time algorithms for certain partitions. The method is generalized to a stochastic process describing a rather general linear transform. Finally, the main idea of the method is used in deriving a theoretical polynomial time algorithm to the knapsack problem.
Nation Aging and Development Dilemma
Authors: Viphindrartin Sebastiana , Zainuri -
Published: April 2021

We are attempting to find the effect of nation aging to development in the countries-Japan, China, Brunei, Iran, Cambodia, and Russia. This research employed a quantitative descriptive method and adopted Boston Consulting Group Matrix as the mapping model based on the ratio of shares in the number of the sample countries which is measured by the total percentage. We found that countries with a high growth rate of GDP per population tend to undergo a declining productivity. Demographic factors greatly influence GDP and worth consideration incoming up with sustainable development planning. This paper has contribution to the government to re-derive the policy regarding to nation aging perspective.
Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Rumah Tangga dan Masalah Stunting Balita di Indonesia
Authors: Umar - , Haryanto Tri
Published: April 2021

Stunting has become a global issue. Indonesia is the fifth country with the highest prevalence of stunted children. This study aims to analyze the effect of household socio-economic conditions on stunting in Indonesia. The study is using cross section data. Data resources are obtained from The Health Research and Health Development Agency by the 2010 Ministry of Health Data Center. Study’s metode is using the logistic regression analyze. The result shows household socio-economic, food consumption expenditure, mother’s education level, mother status, family size, breas milk, immunization, childbirth assistant, sanitation and enviromental health have affected the possibility of a simultaneous and partial stunting. The result of the study can be a reference to the government in preventing childhood stunting.
The Effect of Foreign Debt on The Exchange Rate and Its Impact on Monetary Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuningsih Diah , Ningsih Uun Primangesti
Published: April 2021

The objectives of this study are to analyze the effect of foreign debt on the exchange rate that seen from the foreign debt and the exchange rate, and add the variable of inflationary monetary policy and the interest rate of BI Rate to test its impact on monetary policy in Indonesia. The approach in this study is quantitative approach. Data that used are Time Series data from Asian Development Bank and Indonesian World Bank in 1986-2013. Variables that used are exchange rate, foreign debt, inflation and the interest rate of BI Rate. Method that used in this study is Vector Auto Regression (VAR) analysis. The stages that used in this study testing are stationary test, optimal lag test, Granger causality test, impulse response test, and variance decomposite test in Eviews 6 program. The results of Granger causality test of all variables in this study are unlikely to have a relationship and there are only two variables that give an effect.Based on the results of Granger causality, it shows that there is bidirectional between foreign debt variable that has an effect on the exchange rate in Indonesia and the exchange rate has an effect on the foreign debt in Indonesia. While the foreign debt has an effect on the interest rate of BI Rate. For the results of impulse response test show that the exchange rate variable gives the biggest respond to the shock of foreign debt variable, compared to inflation and the interest rate of BI Rate variables. The results of Variance decomposite show that the contribution which given by foreign debt variable on the exchange rate is relatively bigger compared to the contribution that given by inflation and the interest rate of BI Rate variables.
O USO DA TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTADORIZADA PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO HUMANA EM ODONTOLOGIA LEGAL – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Aguilar Campos Silva Marcella , Freitas Fernandes Aline de , Ilídio Vespasiano Silva Amaro , Villalobos Maria Isabel de Oliveira e Britto
Published: April 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A identificação humana pela odontologia legal é considerada um método primário de identificação assim como o exame de DNA e a papiloscopia. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) pode ser usada no processo de identificação humana e quando associada a outros métodos gera resultados que facilitam a identificação. OBJETIVO: Este trabalho visa verificar a importância da TC no processo de identificação humana e realizar um levantamento dos casos em que o exame tomográfico no crânio foi utilizado para esse fim. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico dos últimos 21 anos nas bases científicas e foram adotados alguns critérios de inclusão: ser um relato de caso, ter sido publicado entre os anos de 1998 a 2019 e ter sido utilizado um exame de TC de crânio para a identificação. Os critérios de exclusão foram: uso de outros exames imaginológicos, trabalhos que não são relatos de caso e aqueles que não consideravam os arcos dentais e/ou crânio. Foram encontrados 6 artigos dentro dos critérios, sendo a maioria relativa a casos europeus e de corpos esqueletizados. CONCLUSÃO: Através da análise destes trabalhos, foi possível confirmar a importância das tomografias computadorizadas de crânio, que podem subsidiar a identificação de corpos, especialmente onde há impossibilidade de datiloscopia, especialmente por permitir uma análise multiplanar de estruturas anatômicas específicas, sem sobreposição.
ANÁLISE DOS CUSTOS DA ADOÇÃO DAS NOVAS MEDIDAS DE BIOSSEGURANÇA NOS INSTITUTOS OFICIAIS DE PERÍCIAS MÉDICO E ODONTOLEGAIS BRASILEIROS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DO COVID-19
Authors: Falcão Tainá Nascimento , Oliveira da Silva Rênnis , Michel-Crosato Edgard , Wanderley Cavalcanti Yuri , Santiago Bianca Marques
Published: April 2021

Introdução: A COVID-19 é uma doença de etiologia viral associada à infecção causada pelo novo coronavírus. Devido ao seu padrão de transmissão, foram estabelecidas novas medidas de biossegurança. O uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) é fundamental para controle da disseminação da doença, inclusive durante a realização de exames periciais nos Institutos Oficiais de Perícias (IOP). Objetivo: Analisar os custos das medidas de biossegurança adotadas a partir da pandemia do COVID-19 nos IOP do Brasil. Material e Método: O estudo consiste em uma avaliação econômica parcial do tipo microcusteio. A coleta foi realizada para estimar os custos diretos incorridos da adoção de novas normas de biossegurança, considerando uma equipe de necropsia de um IOP. Adotou-se a perspectiva do gestor do IOP e seguiram-se as práticas recomendadas pela REBRATS. A estimativa dos custos foi calculada por turno. Foi considerado um cenário mais otimista (-20% dos custos) e mais pessimista (+20% dos custos). Resultados: O valor total por turno variou de R$106,93 a R$160,39 segundo análise de sensibilidade. Será necessário investir, em média, R$100.000,00 anuais para cada IOP. Considerando a despesa do funcionário, na ausência de fornecimento de EPI pela gestão, o valor médio por turno foi de R$57,62. Conclusão: Os custos para adoção das novas medidas de biossegurança nos IOP durante a pandemia do COVID-19 são onerosos. Anualmente, o investimento representa um montante significativo, porém indispensável para garantir a segurança da equipe e o adequado fornecimento do serviço.
Step-by-step analytical synthesis of the mathematical model of automotive unmanned aircraft
Authors: Lobaty A. A. , Bumai A. Y. , Prohorovith S. S.
Published: April 2021

The problem of the stage-by-stage synthesis of the mathematical model of the autopilot of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is considered. At the first stage, an analytical synthesis of the control acceleration applied to the center of mass of the UAV is performed to form a specified trajectory of its flight. On the basis of the results received at the first stage, at the subsequent stages, the problem of synthesizing a mathematical model of the UAV autopilot is solved with the specified requirements for ensuring the stability and dynamic accuracy of UAV control. Under actual assumptions about the corresponding nature of changes in the trajectory parameters and variables that characterize the motion of the UAV in space, the use of a linear mathematical model of the evolution of the state vector of the UAV and its control system is substantiated. When synthesizing a mathematical model of the UAV autopilot, the method of modal control of the system was used for a specified mathematical model of the object. For a specified model of motion and aerodynamic characteristics of the UAV, the law of deviation of the control steering surface is analytically received, which depends on the parameters of the translational and rotational movement of the UAV. Computer simulation of the analytically received results of control synthesis for the specified characteristics of UAVs and specific using conditions was carried out, which clearly showed the efficiency and prospects of using this approach for the synthesis of control systems for UAVs of various purposes and design.
Corona Children Studies "Co-Ki": First Results of a Germany-Wide Registry on Mouth and Nose Covering (Mask) in Children
Authors: Schwarz Silke , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Krafft Hanno , Maurer Tobias , Martin David
Published: April 2021

Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: In the context of the www.co-ki.de multi-study-complex an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry.Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average reported wearing time of masks was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registered indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children.
sp− Closedness and sp − Convergent Sequences in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Metric Space
Authors: khan vakeel A. , AHMAD MOBEEN , khan Izhar Ali
Published: April 2021

The aim of present article is to introduce the concepts of sp– convergent sequence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces and analyze relations of convergence, sp– convergence, s∞– convergence and st– convergence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. Further, we examine sp– convergence, s∞– convergence and st– convergence using the subsequence of convergent sequence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. Stationary intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces are defined and investigated. We Finally define sp– closed sets, s∞– closed sets and st– closed sets in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces and investigate relations of them.
On the Lacunary Statistical Convergence of Triple Sequences in Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Gürdal Mehmet , Savaş Ekrem
Published: April 2021

In this research paper, we analyze the lacunary statistical convergence and lacunary statistical Cauchy concepts of triple sequence in fuzzy metric space. We also introduce the concept of triple lacunary statistical completeness and prove some basic properties.
Detecting Replica Node in Distributed Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: L Sujihelen , Senthilsingh C
Published: April 2021

Security is an important problem in wireless sensor networks. There are more attacks in WSN. Node replication attack is an important attack in wireless sensor networks which can be easily captured by adversaries. In this attack, the node will behave as an original node and collect all the information which is transferred in the network and passes to the attacker node. Some existing schemes are proposed for predicting the replica nodes. In existing method, the detection rate is less, communication cost is high. To increase the detection accuracy and to increase the communication cost, a History of Neighbor Node (HNN) method is proposed. The proposed HNN approach detects the replicated node locally and globally. The HNN method detection accuracy is high in any speed limit. Another approach also proposed for static mobile sensor networks, FEC approach, the replicated node is detected based upon the speed, direction and location. In random time the base station verifies the node with the observed speed and direction. The verification is conducted by the SPRT technique. The SPRT technique tests the node which should be rejected (clone node) or accepted (genuine node). Once the clone node is found quickly, then it is removed from the network. The proposed system has high detection accuracy and less communication cost and less energy efficiency when compared with the existing system.
Alteration in Biochemical Constituents and Nutrients Partitioning of Asparagus Racemosus in Response to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration
Authors: Sharma Rupali , Singh Hukum
Published: April 2021

Human-induced CO2 emissions since the preindustrial era have accumulated CO2 in the atmosphere which has influenced the plant structure and function including bio-chemical constituents of the plant system. The Himalayan vegetation has been predicted to be more vulnerable and sensitive to climate change. However, it is still not well documented that how atmospheric CO2 concentration will change the biochemical constituents considering nutrients status of Himalayan endangered plants in future climate change. Hence, we examined the impacts of elevated CO2 concentrations (ambient- ~ 400, 600, and 800 µmol CO2 mol− 1) on biochemical constituents (chlorophyll, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, protein, and total sugars and carbon partitioning) and nutrients response (potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium) in leaf, stem and root tissue of Asparagus racemosus Willd. (an endangered medicinal plant species of Himalayas). The results showed that the elevated CO2 concentration significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced the chlorophyll, protein, total sugars, and carbon accumulation conversely diminished ascorbic acid in leaf tissues. The nutrients accumulation especially potassium and magnesium were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved while phosphorus accumulation suppressed under elevated CO2 concentration. Moreover, elevated CO2 notably altered protein, sugars, carbon, and nutrients partitioning in plant tissues viz. leaf, stem, and root of A. racemosus. The fate of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations beyond 800 µmol CO2 mol− 1 will require much more study. Further studies are needed to understand the impacts of elevated CO2 concentration as well as a combination with other associated climatic variables on biochemical response particularly bioactive ingredients/health-promoting substances and nutrient profiling of this and other endangered medicinal plant species for improving livelihood support of the society.
Modeling and Combined Application of MOEA/D and TOPSIS to Optimize WEDM Performances of A286 Superalloy
Authors: Saha Subhankar , Maity Saikat Ranjan , Dey Sudip , Dutta Saykat
Published: April 2021

Superalloys are categorized as difficult to process materials with a broad spectrum of applications in industries. Process modeling and optimization of Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) performances on Nickel and Titanium based superalloys are widely investigated. However, such investigations on Iron-based Superalloy are still lacking and hence probed in the present article. Thus, the first part of the paper targets modelling the correlation between the performance parameters and the control parameters with two popular techniques: response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) for WEDM of a typical Iron-based superalloy, i.e., A286 Superalloy. A comparison is carried out between the model estimates and the experimental values to check ANN and RSM's prediction accuracy. The estimates by the ANN model are exact and consistent with the experimental results. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test is performed to perceive the degree of statistical significance of parameters. Moreover, in the second part, a novel two-stage procedure, i.e., a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) in collaboration with a decision-making method, i.e., a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is implemented to search the optimal condition for process performances. The optimal parametric combination recommended by the proposed optimization approach is Ton = 130 µs, Toff = 52 µs, Ipeak= 12A, Wf = 5 m/min and SV = 30 volt. The proposed optimization technique can also be exploited in other manufacturing processes.
Assessment of eutrophication and nitrogen and phosphorus carrying capacity before and after removing pen culture (2013–2018) in Lake Changhu, China
Authors: Li Xuemei , Zhu Tingbing , He Yongfeng , Wu Xingbing , Zhu Yongjiu , Yang Deguo
Published: April 2021

In this study, the eutrophication levels and nitrogen and phosphorus carrying capacities of Lake Changhu in Jingzhou city, Hubei province, China, were measured using the trophic level index (TLI) and Dillon model. The measurements were taken before (2013 and 2015) and after (2017 and 2018) the removal of pen aquaculture from the lake. The lake was divided into three districts: Lake Haizihu, Mahongtai Channel and Lake Dahu. The results showed total nitrogen (TN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll a (Chl-a), and total suspended solid (TSS) values were significantly higher in 2017 than in the other years. The Lake Haizihu district was predicted to be more seriously polluted than the other districts. In the sediment, the organic matter, STN (TN in sediment) and STP (TP in sediment) contents increased from 2013 to 2018. The mean TLI values ranged from 62.99 to 78.93 in the studied years, and the eutrophication level was highest in 2017. According to the Dillon model, when the target water quality was level III (GB 3838 − 2002, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, 2002), the remaining TN and TP loading capacities were − 1470.72 t/a and − 182.74 t/a, respectively, in 2015, and 320.03 t/a and − 111.14 t/a, respectively, in 2018. The study provide valuable information about the actual water conditions of Lake Changhu, which will help to inform decision-making for the management of water environments.
Gate-Controlled Electron Quantum Interference Logic Devices
Authors: Weinbub Josef , Ballicchia Mauro , Nedjalkov Mihail
Published: April 2021

Inspired by using the wave nature of electrons for electron quantum optics, we propose a new type of electron quantum interference logic device (eQILD), where an electron wave is coherently injected into a two-dimensional wave guide and controlled via two gates. Interference effects lead to different current levels in output channels and are utilized for classical logic gates. eQILDs can be reconfigured and support parallelism and multi-valued logic. The operating principle as well as realizations of a logic NAND and NOR gate is shown by means of dynamic quantum Wigner and classical simulations considering coherent/ballistic transport. Contrary to other advanced information processing approaches no magnetic or photonic mechanisms are required. The eQILD is inherently compatible with conventional integrated circuits and thus provides an attractive alternative towards advanced low-power information processing devices with the performance only limited by the single-electron source frequency, i.e., in the GHz regime.
Anti-Neuropathic Pain Activity of A Cationic Palladium (II) Dithiocarbamate By Suppressing The Inflammatory Mediators in Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain Model
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Ullah Rahim , Khan Adnan , Shal Bushra , Khan Ashraf Ullah , Khan Shahan Zeb , Rehman Zia-ur- , Khan Salman
Published: April 2021

Neuropathic pain is an obstinate chronic pain state which extremely worsens the quality of life of the suffered population. It is still intended as an intractable disease as existing therapies are not excellent in terms of efficacy and tolerability. Therefore, to search for novel drugs are crucial to acquire satisfactory treatments. The present study investigated the possible antiallodynic, antihyperalgesic and neuroprotective activities of (1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino) butane) palladium (II)chloride monohydrate-(1) in Paclitaxel (PTX)-induced neuropathic pain model (Fig.10). Initially, 1 (5 and 10 mg/kg, b.w) was investigated for antinociceptive activities at behavioral level by performing mechanical and cold allodynia as well as thermal and tail immersion hyperalgesia. RT-PCR was performed to determine the suppressing effect of 1 on mRNA expression level of iNOS, COX-2 and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). In addition, antioxidant protein and enzymes (GSH, GST, Catalase), NO, MDA level and muscle activity were also determined. The results demonstrate that once daily dosing of 1 significantly repressed the behavioral pain responses dose dependently. Moreover, the mRNA gene expression of iNOS, COX-2 and inflammatory cytokines were reduced noticeably by 1. Furthermore, the treatment enhanced the level of antioxidant enzymes and lowered the level of MDA and NO production with no effect on motor activities of rats. These findings suggest the potential of 1 to attenuate neuropathic pain, neuroinflammation and neuroprotective effect. Thereupon, 1 might be a dynamic candidate for the therapeutic management of chronic neuropathic pain.
The Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Jute/PLA Composites with Modified Nano Sio2 by Coupling Agent
Authors: Song Xueyang , Fang Cuicui , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Yan , Wang Ping
Published: April 2021

Although fibers-reinforced PLA composites show strong application prospects, their low mechanical properties limit their applications to some extent. In this paper, nano-SiO2 particles as well as modified nano SiO2 by coupling agents which can efficiently improve the strength and toughness of composite materials are introduced into the PLA matrix. The bending, stretching and thermal properties of designed jute/PLA nonwoven composites were studied. The study shows that the nano-SiO2 particles are beneficial for the interface performance between the PLA matrix and jute leading to improvement in the mechanical property and thermal stability. Moreover, thermomechanical properties indicate that the addition of SiO2 can improve the jute/PLA interfacial adhesion and increase the glass transition temperature of the material. Finally, toughening mechanism of nano-SiO2 particles in the jute/PLA composite was analyzed.
Effect of ZnO nanoparticles in treatment of broilers with Eimeria tenella. experimentally infected.
Authors: Anah Sadiya Aziz , Hmood Khadeeja Abees , Anah Saad Aziz
Published: April 2021

Coccidiosis is one of the common poultry diseases in Iraq and the world, which causes great economic losses. Therefore, this study aimed to use a new treatment represented by nanoparticles of zinc oxide and compare it with the drug (Amprolium). The Oocysts of Eimeria tenella were isolated from the feces of the briolers received at the Veterinary hospital in Diwaniyah Province and initially diagnosed by compound light microscopy,Then it was confirmed molecularly by PCR technique using the internal transcribed space ITS1 gene with a molecular weight of 409bp. The experiment was carried out on 120 birds of broilers, as the animals were divided into 6 groups with 20 birds per group. The first group(G1) was left as a negative control(uninfected), the second group(G2) was inoculated with 50,000 mature Oocysts and left as a positive control group,the third group(G3) was incubated with 50,000 Oocysts + Amprolium (anticoccidial), the fourth, fifth and sixth groups(G4,G5,G6) were also dosed with 50,000 Oocysts followed by an oral dose of nanoparticles of zinc oxide at a concentration of 20,40,60 mg/kg for each of fourth, fifth and sixth groups respectively. The current results showed that the briolers in G2 suffered from severe disease symptoms and high mortality occurred in the first week of infection, amounting to %10 compared to the anticoccidial (Amprolium group and the groups treated with nanoconcentrations 20,40,60 mg/kg respectively.G6 which was dosed with a concentration of 60 mg /kg, showed a significant decrease in the number of Oocysts excreted compared with the positive control group and the anticoccidial group, in addition to the appearance of mild symptoms and a mortality rate of %0.8,While there was a decrease in the number of Oocysts excreted during the second week in the anticoccidial group and the treated groups with the three nanoconcentrations with a decrease in the mortality rates of birds .The number of Oocysts excreted in the litter significantly decreased in the treated group with a concentration of 60 mg/kg compared to all other groups, and all birds of this group recovered during the second week of infection.