bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Earwax–cerumen genetics and physiology: Current insights and long-term implications
Authors: Ballachanda Bopanna B. , Poojar Basavaraj
Published: November 2024

Earwax, also known as cerumen, is produced by secretions from the apocrine and sebaceous glands located in the outer third of the cartilaginous part of the ear canal. Ear wax or cerumen is an omnipresent substance found in every individual. It protects from infections and other ailments to the outer and middle ear. The production and extrusion of this substance go unnoticed in most individuals. However, it assumes significance when it accumulates in the ear canal, prompting concern among audiologists, ENT physicians, and dermatologists. In addition, the lack of earwax in children due to practice of aquatic sports can facilitate chronic ear infections. Recently, several researchers have identified the genetic basis of this secretion to other secretions and have unearthed genetic connections to a few human disorders. The chemical makeup of earwax plays a more prominent role apart from being a bodily secretion in the ear canal. So could earwax, or cerumen, potentially serve as a biomarker for various medical conditions? This potential breakthrough, which is the central focus of this study, is not just a question but a discovery that is bound to spark your curiosity and interest. The idea of earwax, an often-overlooked substance, holding such potential provides exciting prospects.
Indicators of late help-seeking tendencies of parents of children with hearing loss in India
Authors: Indira C. P. , Maruthy Sandeep
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

The average age of identification of pediatric hearing loss in India is between 1.5 and 4 years. This delay is attributed to the absence of universal newborn hearing screening programs and reliance only on parent’s help-seeking behavior (HSB) for suspicion and identification of hearing loss. Several factors influence the parents’ hearing help-seeking behavior. This study assessed whether some of the demographic details (which are also potential influencing factors) available to the medical doctor can help predict the help-seeking tendencies of parents.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire was used to collect information related to eleven different demographic factors and the age of identification of hearing loss from 384 parents of children with hearing loss. The cohort was divided into early and late help-seekers based on the age of identification. Chi-square analysis was used to identify the factors associated with the age of identification, and logistic regression was used to identify the factors that can predict age of identification.

Results:

Nine out of eleven factors assessed showed a significant association with the help-seeking tendencies of parents. However, only the status of newborn hearing screening, geographical location, and degree of hearing loss were significant predictors of late help-seeking tendencies.

Conclusion:

Improving help-seeking tendencies by modifying the associated factors can reduce the age of identification of hearing loss by about 2 years. Therefore, healthcare professionals could use the predictive variables to judge the help-seeking tendencies of parents and accordingly offer targeted counseling and follow-up to ensure early identification.
Vocal fatigue in speech-language pathologists: An enquiry using Vocal Fatigue Index-version 2 (VFI-2)
Authors: Mavis Erica , Yeshoda Krishna
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

The present study aimed at exploring the symptoms of vocal fatigue (VF) using the Vocal Fatigue Index-version 2 (VFI-2) in working speech-language pathologists (SLPs) across different setups.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 82 SLPs were categorized based on the setup they were working in as academic institutions (11 males and 11 females), hospitals (13 males and 15 females), and private clinical setups (10 males and 22 females). VFI-2 was administered to all the participants who rated their symptoms of VF as indicated in the VFI-2 protocol. Later, the scores of each factor were compiled separately and subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

Results:

The results revealed that females had scores closer to the cut-offs than males for factors 1 and 2 and were at risk for developing VF-like symptoms compared with males. The setup-wise comparison showed statistical significance in females and further post hoc analysis and the pair-wise comparison showed that female participants in one group that is academic institutions and private clinics were statistically significant. This indicated that female SLPs working in academic setups were at a greater risk for VF than female SLPs in other setups.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that though the SLPs reported symptoms related to VF, it was not significant across all setups. However, there was a significant relationship between hours of voice use and VF. The present study was a preliminary attempt to understand VF in SLPs.
Motivation to enroll in speech and hearing training programs in India: A follow-up study
Authors: Lokheshwar Shanmugasundaram , Lokheshwar Anu , Kumar Suman , Jayaram Mannarukrishnaiah
Published: November 2024

This study follows up on Lokheshwar et al, exploring the motivational factors that drive students to pursue professional training in speech and hearing. Responses were collected from 276 students enrolled in various stages of the Bachelor in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology program via a Google Form. An open-ended questionnaire was used to gather information about students’ awareness of the speech and hearing field, including when and how they learned about it. Students identified factors such as the “unique nature of the field,” “opportunities to help individuals with communication disorders,” and the “broad scope of the field” as key motivations for enrolling in the program. The findings suggest that an open-ended questionnaire may provide a more accurate reflection of students’ motivations compared to a closed set of questions, which can influence responses. The study highlights the need for institutions and administrators to enhance their outreach efforts, particularly via digital and social media.
Comparative Analysis of the Marginal Fit and Internal Adaptation of CAD-CAM-Fabricated Versus Conventionally Fabricated Ceramic Crowns: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mathar Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This systematic review compared the marginal fit and internal adaptation of ceramic crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated using CAD-CAM technology versus conventional methods. A literature search from 2000 to 2024, following PRISMA guidelines, identified relevant studies. Three studies with a total of 60 patients were included, evaluating both marginal fit and internal adaptation of crowns made using CAD-CAM and conventional techniques. Overall, CAD-CAM-fabricated crowns exhibited smaller marginal discrepancies and better internal adaptation, although the differences were not statistically significant. The findings suggest that CAD-CAM technology may improve the fit of ceramic crowns and FDPs, but variations in study outcomes emphasize the impact of factors like material choice and fabrication methods.
Perception of Dental Interns About Intracanal Fracture of Endodontic Instruments in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Aloyouni Abdullah Ahmad A. , Agwan Muhammad Atif Saleem , Almuzaini Saleh Suliman S. , Alqazlan Faris Saleh A. , Alshumaym Abdulaziz Abdulrhman A. , Alfuryah Khalid Abdullah G.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This study assessed the perceptions among dental interns regarding intracanal fracture of endodontic instruments.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional observational study was performed among 206 dental interns working in Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire encompassing 15 close-ended questions was used. The questionnaire consisted of two components: the first component (Section I) gathered demographic details, and the second part (Section II) examined the causes of EFS during root canal treatment. A Pearson’s Chi-square test was applied to determine the association of perceptions of EFS during endodontic procedures between male and female interns.

Results:

The study findings showed that out of 206 dental interns, 107 (51.9%) were males and 99 (48.1%) were females. The perceptions regarding intracanal instrument fracture revealed that hand files (71 (34.5%)) were less likely to break than rotary files (132 (64.1%)). Around 152 (73.8%) respondents said that stainless steel was the most frequently broken alloy. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between gender and the belief that operator expertise plays a role in preventing instrument fracture.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that dental interns were aware of factors contributing to file separation during endodontic treatment. They believed fractures were more common in the apical third of posterior teeth, preferred Nickel Titanium for instruments, and thought hand files were less prone to fracture than rotary files.
To Estimate the Prevalence of Peyronie’s Disease and to Study the Effectiveness of Intralesional Verapamil in Resolution of Plaque of Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Pokhariya Brij Mohan Singh , Bhandari Paras
Published: November 2024

Background:

Peyronie’s disease is a connective tissue disorder, characterized by the formation of a fibrotic lesion or plaque in the tunica albuginea, which leads to penile deformity. The true prevalence of Peyronie’s disease is unknown. An evaluation of existing epidemiological data on Peyronie’s disease revealed a prevalence rate of 3.2%. Verapamil effectiveness is predicted on its ability to affect fibroblast function at multiple levels, including cell proliferation, extracellular matrix protein synthesis and secretion, and collagen breakdown. Calcium antagonists may thus have the potential to reduce, halt, or even reverse plaque formation and disease progression.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted on patients who attended the Surgery Outpatient Department of R. M. L Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, with the diagnosis of Peyronie’s disease in 2 years (2020–2022) with a sample size of 50 patients.

Results:

Intralesional verapamil injection therapy resulted in the reduction of pain in 88% of cases, reduction of plaque size in 75%–80% of cases, reduction of penile curvature in 70%–75% of cases, and improvement in erectile dysfunction in 50%–55% of cases.

Conclusions:

In our study , it was found that intralesional varapamil therapy causes significant reduction in pain during erection, penile curvature, plaque size and improvement in erectile dysfunction in Peyronie’s disease.
Topical Diltiazem versus Topical Sucralfate and Lignocaine in the Treatment of Chronic Fissure in Ano: A Prospective Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Sundaresan Vinoth , Sadayappan Vinothkumar , Rajendiran R Kannan , Aroul T Tirou
Published: November 2024

Background:

Chronic anal fissure is the most prevalent anorectal disorder, characterized by linear or oval ulcers in the anal canal’s squamous epithelium. Although lateral sphincterotomy stands as the gold standard for treatment, chemical sphincterotomy with calcium channel blockers, nitrates, and botulinum toxins is favored in the initial stages to avoid surgical side effects.

Aim and Objectives:

The goal is to assess the efficacy of topical diltiazem in treating chronic fissure in ano, particularly its impact on pain, bleeding, discharge, recurrence rates, and healing compared to the lignocaine–sucralfate combination.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, from October 2014 to April 2016, involving 100 cases. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group A received topical 2% diltiazem and Group B was treated with 2% lignocaine and 7% sucralfate. Both groups followed a regimen including a high-fiber diet, sitz baths, and laxatives, with follow-ups at 2, 4, 6 weeks, and 6 months to evaluate treatment outcomes.

Results:

Significant improvements were noted in Group A, with pain reduction from a mean of 6.48 to 0.48 by the 6th week. Both groups saw enhanced healing rates and reductions in symptoms, with Group A exhibiting a lower recurrence rate, indicating the superior efficacy of 2% diltiazem.

Conclusion:

Topical 2% diltiazem is more effective in treating chronic anal fissure than the combination of 2% lidocaine gel and 7% sucralfate, offering better pain management, healing rates, and lower recurrence, making it a preferred treatment option.
Revisiting the Existing Grading Systems of Glenohumeral Joint Arthropathy and Proposing a Modified Classification
Authors: Mishra Abhishek Kumar , Kushwaha Sudhir , Charmode Sundip Hemant , Chauhan Vishwa
Published: November 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the glenohumeral joint may affect up to 20% of the elderly population. The glenohumeral joint OA is classified in several ways based on different criteria. The notable ones include the Samilson and Prieto classification, Modified Samilson and Prieto classification by Allain, Modified Samilson and Prieto classification by Gerber, Guyette classification, and Kellgren and Lawrence classification. Through this letter, the authors wish to bring it to esteemed editors that a more comprehensive radiological classification is needed to study and categorize the patient and to predict the severity of glenohumeral arthritis. We suggest that X-ray views in anatomical position as well as 45° external rotation and 45° internal rotation will be best suited to plain radiographic classification, which is needed to classify glenohumeral arthritis.
Estimation of Mid-trimester Transvaginal Cervical Length and Its Implications as Predictor of Preterm Birth: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Lall Pratistha , Gupta Sanjaya Kumar , Biswas Jayanta Kumar
Published: November 2024

Objective:

The length of the cervix in mid-pregnancy relates to the chance of preterm delivery; and preterm labor and birth cause a major burden to society in view of high perinatal morbidities and mortality with long-term implications. With this background, we aim to measure the implications of cervical length (CL) in mid-trimester for predicting preterm birth.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted to compare the CL measurement at 18–22 weeks of gestation, to correlate the measurements with gestational age at delivery, and to compare the predictive value of the same for preterm delivery over 18 months on 100 cases.

Results:

The mean CL was 38.4 ± 9.1 (22.6–54.4) mm. No significant association of transvaginal CL was found with age. Most patients experienced term vaginal birth with significant association of CL was found with pregnancy outcome. Among preterm deliveries, the CL was shorter, but no significant association of CL was found with the type of delivery. Moreover, optimum cutoff CL (35.55 mm) had very high predictive values with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 62.8%, and diagnostic accuracy of 65.0%.

Conclusion:

Our study has added more evidence that shorter CL at 18–22 weeks of gestation was a direct predictor of spontaneous preterm birth and risky outcomes of pregnancy.
Impact of Role Models on Medical Students
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2024

Role modeling plays an important role in the theoretical and practical background of medical education. The vital function of role modeling includes humanism and professionalism in medical education. The use of teaching faculties as role models for professional aspects of medical students is a need of the hour. The transformation of medical students to medical professionals is an important core competency needed for becoming expert clinicians in the current century. Role modeling is a key method for transmitting this professional skill among medical students. The professionalism of medical students is best learned through role models. The National Medical Commission in India is developing medical curriculum which ensures the students for development of professional competency and understanding values in medical education. The most important qualities in role models are a positive attitude toward junior colleagues, compassion for patients, and integrity. Students assess their clinical teachers not only on their clinical or practical skills but also on their soft skills. Role models facilitate the learning of the medical students and assist in the development of professional identity. However, social organization and cultural values influence the choice of role models. Excellence in role modeling entails the demonstration of excellent patient care, teaching skills, and personal values/characteristics. The aim of this review is to discuss on the student perception of professionalism with role models in medical school.
Cardiac Profile in Patients with Snake Envenomation and Its Complications: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Authors: Mandal Amit , Iyyadurai Ramya
Published: November 2024

Background:

Snakebites continue to be a major public health concern throughout the world, and more in tropical countries. Cardiac implications are poorly understood due to the low frequency of cardiotoxicity combined with a lack of robust information.

Aims:

We aim to study the cardiac profile, complications in snake bite patients requiring admission in a medical unit.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted carried out from 01/05/2016 to 01/05/2021. The data was extracted from the inpatient medical records and it was analyzed. All adult patients requiring admission in a Medicine unit with a diagnosis of snake envenomation were included. Descriptive statistics were obtained for all variables in the study and appropriate statistical tests were employed to ascertain the significance.

Result:

The cohort consists of 80 patients with 45(56.3%) males and aged 40.06 ± 15.24 years (mean, SD). The majority of the Snake species identification was not available 38(47.5%). Viper bite was the commonest bite 32 (40%). The commonest clinical presentation was hemotoxic 33 (31.3%) followed by neurotoxic 16(20%). Electrocardiogram abnormalities were seen in 23 (28.7%) patients and commonest abnormality noted was sinus tachycardia 34(42.5%) of cases. 69 (86%) patients had cellulitis and 16(20%) had acute kidney injury (AKI). Twenty-four (30%) required intensive care monitoring, 22 (27.5%) required mechanical ventilation and 7 (8.8%) patients required hemodialysis. The mean ± SD duration of hospital stay was of 5.56 ± 3.76 days. The median direct cost was Rs 19714.5 and cost on medicine was Rs 10798. The mortality in this cohort was 4(5%).

Conclusion:

Snake bite causes significant morbidity. Viper bite was the commonest bite in our study. The mortality in this cohort was 4(5%). Cardiac toxicity is a clearly defined toxicity following snake bite envenomation however it has no effect on mortality.
Retinal dysfunction finding after uneventful cataract surgery with extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens
Authors: Marques Frederico França , Bufarah Guilherme , Marques Daniela Meira Villano , Moscovici Bernardo Kaplan , Gama Daniel Diniz Da , Watanabe Sung Eun Song , Junior Octaviano Magalhaes
Published: November 2024

This article describes a patient whose underlying retinal condition, with dysfunction demonstrated by full-field and multifocal electroretinograms, was diagnosed after uneventful phacoemulsification with extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens implantation.
Darkening vistas: Central retinal artery occlusion post-Arnold Chiari 1 surgery in prone position
Authors: Shrinkhal  , Keelara Arun Gowda , Suman Arvind Kumar , Singh Suyash , Mishra Brijesh Kumar , Banerjee Nilakshi , Kumar Akshay
Published: November 2024

Post-operative vision loss (POVL) following spine surgery in the prone position is rare but has been documented. Various pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed as potential causes, with associated risk factors identified. This article documents an interesting case of a patient who presented with Chiari 1 malformation and developed central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) postoperatively. We present the case of a 27-year-old male who underwent foramen magnum decompression with C1–C2 fusion for Chiari I malformation, and experienced sudden vision loss in his left eye postoperatively, attributed to CRAO. Despite stable vital signs and minimal blood loss during surgery, the patient developed CRAO after awakening from anesthesia. Prompt treatment was initiated, resulting in partial recovery of vision. However, challenges in treating CRAO persisted, highlighting the importance of meticulous patient positioning during prone surgeries to prevent such complications. Early detection and intervention are crucial for the potential reversibility of visual loss.
Doughnut-shaped amniotic membrane transplantation in pediatric simple limbal epithelial transplantation after ocular chemical injury
Authors: Ortiz-Morales Gustavo , Moll-Auais Reinaldo A. , Hernandez-Camarena Julio C. , Paez-Garza J. Homar , Rodriguez-Garcia Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Children of any age are at high risk for ocular chemical injuries and the development of limbal stem cell deficiency with severe visual consequences. Surgical options for ocular surface reconstruction at the pediatric age tend to have lower success rates than their adult counterparts. Herein, we report the results of a novel modification of the simple limbal stem cell epithelial transplantation using a doughnut-shaped amniotic membrane graft to avoid further visual axis obstruction during re-epithelization. Since younger children are a highly susceptible population suffering from chemical burns, with nearly half of them being at preschool (first months of life to 5 years) ages, such a technique may be more appropriate to reduce the time of visual obstruction and obtain faster visual rehabilitation.
Local SGD for near-quadratic problems:
Improving convergence under unconstrained noise conditions
Authors: Sadchikov Andrey , Chezhegov Savelii , Beznosikov Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Gasnikov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: November 2024

Distributed optimization plays an important role in modern large-scale
machine learning and data processing systems by optimizing the utilization
of computational resources. One of the classical and popular approaches
is Local Stochastic Gradient Descent (Local SGD), characterized by multiple
local updates before averaging, which is particularly useful in distributed
environments to reduce communication bottlenecks and improve scalability.
A typical feature of this method is the dependence on the frequency of
communications. But in the case of a quadratic target function
with homogeneous data distribution over all devices, the influence
of the frequency of communications vanishes. As a natural consequence,
subsequent studies include the assumption of a Lipschitz Hessian,
as this indicates the similarity of the optimized function to a quadratic
one to a certain extent. However, in order to extend the completeness of
Local SGD theory and unlock its potential, in this paper we abandon
the Lipschitz Hessian assumption by introducing a new concept of
approximate quadraticity. This assumption gives a new perspective
on problems that have near quadratic properties. In addition,
existing theoretical analyses of Local SGD often assume a bounded variance.
We, in turn, consider the unbounded noise condition, which allows us
to broaden the class of problems under study.
Bibliography: 36 titles.
Ли-алгебраический подход к гамильтониану Гельмана с использованием метода возмущений
Authors: Rahmati Hamideh
Published: November 2024

Показано, что алгебраический подход в сочетании с методом возмущений можно применить для изучения собственных значений гамильтониана Гельмана. Важнейшим ключевым элементом анализа является вектор Рунге-Ленца, который вводится в задачах с радиальной симметрией. Эта симметрия влечет, что подходящей алгеброй Ли для этих гамильтонианов должна быть алгебра $so(4)$, являющаяся суммой двух алгебр Ли $so(3)$. Кроме того, из радиальной симметрии вытекает требование симметрии вектора углового момента $\vec{L}$, вектора Рунге-Ленца $\vec{M}$ и, следовательно, их векторного произведения $\vec{W}=\vec{L}\times\vec{M}$. Гамильтониан Гельмана представляет собой сумму кулоновского гамильтониана и потенциала Юкавы, который рассматривается как возмущение. С точки зрения алгебры Ли возмущение изменяет все три оператора $\vec{L}$, $\vec{M}$ и $\vec{W}$, добавляя к ним скорость прецессии $\Omega$. С топологической точки зрения появление этой прецессии существенным образом влияет на спектр и соответствующую алгебру Ли для потенциала Гельмана. С использованием алгебраических свойств вектора Рунге-Ленца и метода Колмогорова получен спектр энергий гамильтониана Гельмана.
Многокомпонентная обобщенная неизоспектральная суперинтегрируемая иерархия Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэлла-Сигура
Authors: Li Jinxiu , Wang Haifeng
Published: November 2024

Для неизоспектрального случая введена ассоциированная спектральная задача с возмущением. Получены обобщенная неизоспектральная супериерархия Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэлла-Сигура и связанная обобщенная неизоспектральная супериерархия Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэлла-Сигура, ассоциированные с обобщенными супералгебрами Ли $sl(2,1)$ и $sl(4,1)$. На основе многокомпонентной супералгебры Ли $sl(2N,1)$ нового типа получена многокомпонентная обобщенная неизоспектральная супериерархия Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэлла-Сигура. С использованием тождества суперследа получены супербигамильтоновы структуры указанных суперинтегрируемых иерархий.
О существовании непродолжаемого решения задачи Коши одной $(3+1)$-мерной тепло-электрической модели
Authors: Artemeva Margarita Vitalievna , Korpusov Maxim Olegovich
Published: November 2024

Рассматривается тепло-электрическая $(3+1)$-мерная модель нагрева полупроводника в электрическом поле. Для соответствующей задачи Коши доказано существование непродолжаемого во времени классического решения и получена глобальная во времени априорная оценка.
Динамика осциллятора Клейна-Гордона в пространстве-времени Сома-Райчаудхури в присутствии космической струны
Authors: Bouzenada Abdelmalek , Boumali Abdelmalek , Vitoria R L. L. , Furtado C
Published: November 2024

Исследуется динамика осциллятора Клейна-Гордона в пространстве-времени Сома-Райчаудхури c космической струной. Получены и обсуждаются точные решения для свободного уравнения Клейна-Гордона и осциллятора Клейна-Гордона. Эти решения показывают, как космическая струна и геометрия пространства-времени влияют на бозонные частицы. Для иллюстрации полученных результатов приведены некоторые графики и таблицы.
Порождающие квантовые динамические отображения
Authors: Gumerov Renat Nelsonovich , Khazhin Ruslan Linarovich
Published: November 2024

Рассматриваются однопараметрические семейства порождающих квантовых каналов. Такие семейства называются порождающими квантовыми динамическими отображениями или порождающими квантовыми процессами. Под порождающими каналами составных квантовых систем понимаются каналы, по которым однозначно определяются каналы составляющих подсистем, называемые порожденными каналами. Изучаются свойства биективных квантовых каналов, а также свойства квантовых процессов, состоящих из таких каналов, с использованием критерия о порождающем и порожденном линейных отображениях. По порождающему квантовому динамическому отображению строится естественным образом порожденное динамическое отображение. Показано, что свойства непрерывности и вполне положительной делимости порождающих квантовых динамических отображений являются наследственными для порожденных динамических отображений. В качестве приложения полученных результатов построены непрерывные вполне положительные эволюции. Для порождающих квантовых динамических отображений, принимающих значения в множестве каналов, демпфирующих фазы, получен критерий вполне положительной делимости.
Преобразования Дарбу для дискретных версий иерархии КП и строгой иерархии КП
Authors: Helminck Gerard F , Poberezhny Vladimir Andreevich , Polenkova Svetlana Vladimirovna
Published: November 2024

Введено понятие преобразований Дарбу для дискретной иерархии КП и ее строгой версии, а также представлен явный вид этих преобразований для ранее построенных авторами решений дискретного уравнения КП и дискретного строгого уравнения КП.
Уравнение с низшим отрицательным номером времени в иерархии Дэви-Стюартсона
Authors: Pogrebkov Andrei Konstantinovich
Published: November 2024

Ранее автор представил интегрируемую систему с отрицательным номером временно́й переменной для иерархии Дэви-Стюартсона. Здесь развивается этот подход для построения интегрируемого уравнения с более низким номером временно́й переменной. Кроме того, показано, что редуцированная по этому времени система представляет собой новое интегрируемое уравнение в размерности $1 + 1$.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Bilgi Kaynakları Olarak Halkevi Dergileri
Authors: Karataş Esmeray
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin erken döneminin toplumsal ve kültürel hayatında önemli bir yer tutan Halkevlerinin yayınladığı dergileri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. 1932-1951 yılları arasında faaliyet gösteren Halkevleri, Atatürk ilke ve devrimlerini yaymak, halkı eğitmek ve kültürel değerleri korumak amacıyla birçok dergi yayımlamıştır. Bu dergiler, dönemin en etkili kitle iletişim araçlarından biri olarak halkın eğitimine, kültürel farkındalığın artırılmasına ve ulusal kimliğin korunmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Çalışma, bu dergilerin içeriklerinden ziyade erişim sorunlarına yoğunlaşmaktadır. Dergiler, genellikle dağınık bir şekilde kütüphanelerde yer almakta, bazılarına ise hiç erişim mümkün olmamaktadır. Araştırma, Halkevi dergilerinin hangi yıllarda, hangi isimlerle, hangi Halkevi tarafından ve toplamda kaç sayı olarak yayımlandığını kapsamlı bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Ayrıca, günümüzde bu önemli kaynaklara çevrimiçi ve tam metin erişimin sağlanmasındaki problemleri ve bu sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerini ortaya koymaktadır. Halkevi dergilerinin, erken Cumhuriyet dönemi tarihindeki önemini vurgulayan bu çalışma, aynı zamanda bu değerli belgelerin daha erişilebilir hale getirilmesi için bir yol haritası sunmaktadır.
Earthworm Extract (Pheretima javanica K) Against Typhus Disease: Literature Review
Authors: Lestari Mugi , Ibrahim Riza A
Published: November 2024

This literature review examines the potential use of earthworm extract (Pheretima javanica K) as an alternative treatment for typhus disease. The study analyzes multiple research findings regarding the antibacterial properties of earthworm extracts against Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhus. Through a comprehensive review of studies from Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, this research evaluates the effectiveness of different earthworm species and extraction methods. The findings indicate that Pheretima javanica shows promising antimicrobial properties, particularly when extracted with ethanol, while other species such as Lumbricus rubellus demonstrate limited effectiveness. Pheretima javanica shows promise, other species like Lumbricus rubellus demonstrate limited or no significant antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi. The success of treatment appears to be heavily dependent on factors such as extraction technique, concentration, and testing methodology. Animal studies, particularly those using white rats, have shown encouraging results with specific dosages, but human trials remain necessary to establish clinical efficacy and safety. The varying results across different studies emphasize the need for standardized extraction methods and testing protocols to ensure consistent outcomes.
The Effect of Physical Activity at Home on Reducing Stress and Anxiety Levels in Remote Workers
Authors: Irman P Dede , Surya P Dhika
Published: November 2024

In the era of remote work, workers often experience mental challenges due to social isolation and difficulty separating work time from personal time, which can increase the risk of stress and anxiety. Physical activity is believed to have a positive effect on mental health, but most studies have focused on activities outside the home, such as exercising at the gym or group activities. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the effect of frequency and duration of physical activity at home on stress and anxiety in remote workers. A total of 180 remote workers from various professions participated in this survey, where data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), as well as a physical activity questionnaire. The analysis was carried out using Pearson correlation tests and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the frequency and duration of physical activity at home had a significant negative relationship with stress and anxiety scores, where a one-day increase in physical activity frequency was associated with a decrease in stress and anxiety scores. The coefficient of determination (R²) showed that the frequency and duration of activity together explained about 20% of the variation in stress and anxiety scores. These findings suggest that physical activity at home may be an effective strategy for managing stress and anxiety in remote workers, and provide practical implications for companies looking to support their employees’ mental health in a remote work context.
Kristen Progresif Sebagai Inflitrasi Gerakan Zaman Baru ke dalam Gereja Kontemporer
Authors: Laurentia Donna Maria  , Setyobekti Andreas Budi
Published: November 2024

Kemunculan aliran Kristen Progresif di Indonesia yang digagas oleh Tiktoker Brian Siawarta melalui berbagai unggahan videonya baik di media sosial Tiktok maupun Instagram miliknya, sempat menimbulkan kericuhan di kalangan gereja. Hal ini terutama dikarenakan pengajarannya yang menyatakan bahwa ada keselamatan di luar Tuhan Yesus, yang salah satunya adalah melalui perbuatan baik atau mengasihi sesama. Peneliti terdahulu, Royke Lantupa Kumowal, mengkaji aliran ini sebagai bentuk gnostisisme universalis karena mereka memposisikan diri seolah memiliki pengetahuan atau pewahyuan rahasia yang tidak diterima oleh umat Kristiani lainnya. Penulis lainnya, Kevin Nobel, menyoroti nuansa teologi liberal dalam aliran ini yang ditarik jauh ke belakang, yaitu sejak masa revolusi seksual di tahun 1960-an. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur untuk membandingkan komponen utama Gerakan Zaman Baru (GZB) dengan ajaran Kristen Progresif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kemiripan signifikan antara keduanya dalam aspek panteisme, reinkarnasi, relativisme, dan esoterisme. Kesimpulannya, aliran Kristen Progresif dapat dilihat sebagai bentuk infiltrasi GZB ke dalam gereja dengan menggunakan terminologi Kristen yang berupaya menyamai identitas dan bahasa umat Kristiani agar “sekiranya mungkin, menyesatkan orang-orang pilihan juga” (Mat.24:24).
Book Review: The Cambridge Companion to Biblical Wisdom Literature (Part 1)
Authors: Mapule Ashar , Ardin Sitompul
Published: November 2024

The book titled The Cambridge Companion to Biblical Wisdom Literature, written by Katharine J. Dell, Suzanna R. Millar, and Arthur Jan Keefer, and published by Cambridge University Press, aims to provide valuable information about the writing of Old Testament books with the hope of assisting anyone studying these books. This book focuses on texts that fall within the genre of literature and poetry, specifically the books of Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. It presents the historical and cultural background of ancient Egypt and the Near East during that time and its relation to the writing of literary and poetic books such as Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes, as well as the theological values contained within them. Overall, this book is highly recommended for theological studies related to books within the genre of literature and poetry.
Hamba Tuhan dan Tuan: Pemikiran Teologis Menurut Kesetaraan Status Dalam Justifikasi Allah
Authors: Desima Djumetan
Published: November 2024

Kitab Filemon menggambarkan ada seorang budak yang bernama Onesimus, melarikan diri dari tuannya yaitu Filemon (orang kaya). Kemungkinan Onesimus membawa lari uang atau barang-barang berharga (18-19) atau dengan narasi lain Onesimus meninggalkan rumah tuannya dengan tidak terhormat atau tindakan yang seharusnya juga tidak di tolerir oleh Filemon yang adalah hamba Allah, yang tidak kompromi dengan dosa setelah mengalami pertobatan. Secara tidak langsung rasul Paulus ia meminta kepada Filemon untuk tidak menuntut ganti rugi dalam bentuk apapun dengan menunjukan dirinya sebagai penanggungjawab atas apa yang telah di alami oleh Onesimus. Apakah Rasul Paulus berpihak kepada kejahatan ataukah karena rasul Paulus telah menangkap Onesimus dalam Injil Kristus? sebab pada waktu itu pelarian seorang budak adalah kejahatan dan merupakan sorotan utama. Bahkan ada tentara-tentara yang tentukan khusus untuk mengejar para pelarian. Budak yang tidak mendapatkan tempat persembunyian atau perlindungan, maka biasanya lari ke kota besar dan bersembunyi diantara kerumunan masyarakat di kota. Hal ini merupakan ancaman bagi para budak untuk tidak hidup semaunya terhadap tuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jawaban tentang keadaan atau nasib budak yang telah bersalah terhadap tuannya dan status baru bagi para budak setelah didapati dalam kesalahan yang fatal, isi kitabnya memuatkan pesan yang padat dan berkualitas. Dalam penelitian ini penulis memakai metode (pustaka) atau library search. Rasul Paulus melembutkan permohonan kepada Filemon, sebab sebagai sesama hamba Allah harus mengasihi semua orang yang berdosa dan melepaskan pengampunan dengan bersama dalam rumah dan menjadi bagian dari keluarga Allah yang saling percaya.  Hamba Allah diberikan otoritas Allah untuk membagi injil Kristus.
Implementation of Project-Based Learning Using Recycled Materials to Improve Learning Outcomes and Teamwork Attitudes in Christian Religious Education for Grade 5 at Immanuel Christian Elementary School Semarang
Authors: Joan Silva Setyowati  , Karnawati  , Tjie Fu Sien
Published: November 2024

This study examines the learning process of Christian Religious Education for Grade 5 at Immanuel Christian Elementary School in Semarang, which faces challenges such as students scoring below the school’s Minimum Competency Criteria (KKM) of 75, inadequate learning facilities, low student collaboration skills, the dominance of lecture methods, and the absence of teaching modules and visual aids. The research utilized a qualitative descriptive method with a classroom action research approach developed by Kemmis and McTaggart (1998), conducted during the 2023-2024 academic year. The study consisted of two cycles. In the Pre-Cycle phase, 8 out of 18 students scored below the KKM. In Cycle 1, the students’ average scores improved, with three students still below the KKM, and significant improvements were observed in lesson preparation. Cycle 2 showed further progress, with pre-test results reaching 70% and post-test results achieving 90%. Students' teamwork attitudes improved from 62.2% in Cycle 1 to 83.3% in Cycle 2, with enhancements in aspects such as cooperation, communication, adaptability, and responsibility. The Project-Based Learning (PjBL) approach received positive feedback from students, teachers, and parents. The use of recycled materials made the content more engaging and memorable for students. It can be concluded that PjBL is effective in improving learning outcomes and teamwork attitudes in Christian Religious Education. Recommendations include improving learning facilities, such as access to the internet, libraries, and laboratories; encouraging innovative teaching strategies; and conducting further research on the application of PjBL in other subjects or schools with different characteristics, as well as exploring the role of technology in supporting PjBL.
Book Review: The Good Shepherd: A Thousand – Year Journey from Psalm 23 to the New Testament
Authors: Sinaga Andri Vincent
Published: November 2024

This book review examines Kenneth E. Bailey's “The Good Shepherd: A Thousand-Year Journey from Psalm 23 to the New Testament.” Bailey, a leading Biblical scholar with nearly five decades of experience in the Middle East, traces the development of the “Good Shepherd” theme from Psalm 23 to the New Testament. With a strong intertextual approach, Bailey shows the continuity of this theme through the writings of the prophets to the gospels and epistles of the New Testament. The book is divided into nine chapters, each focusing on a specific part of the Bible. Beginning with an in-depth analysis of Psalm 23, Bailey explores the dual role of the shepherd in ancient Middle Eastern culture. He then develops this theme through the prophets, portraying God as the shepherd who restores His people. In an analysis of the Gospels, Bailey shows how Jesus identifies Himself as the Good Shepherd, contrasting Him with failed leaders. The book concludes with a discussion of the Letter of 1 Peter, which emphasizes the importance of humble leadership in the church. Bailey uses a variety of methodological approaches, including in-depth literary and rhetorical analysis, Middle Eastern social and cultural contextualization, and intertextual approaches. The book's main strength lies in its use of in-depth Middle Eastern cultural context and strong rhetorical analysis, helping readers understand the development and relevance of the metaphor of the “Good Shepherd”.
Balıkesir Edremit Bölgesinde Şebekeden Bağımsız Hibrit Sistemle Bir Binanın Elektrik İhtiyacının Karşılanması
Authors: Yüksel Fikret , Adıgüzel Eren
Published: November 2024

Balıkesir’in Edremit İlçesi, Pınarbaşı (39˚38.5'N, 26˚56.7'E) lokasyonunda yer alan 10 haneli 40 kişilik bir binanın, şebekeden bağımsız (off-grid) şekilde elektrik ihtiyacının karşılanması amacıyla farklı hibrit enerji sistemleri araştırılmıştır. Hibrit sistemlerin teknik ve ekonomik analizleri HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables) programı yardımıyla simüle edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Hibrit sistemlerin 10 haneli binanın yaklaşık enerji tüketimi olan, günlük 80 kW elektrik enerji değerini karşılayacak şekilde olması planlanmıştır. Farklı hibrit sistemlerinin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda en uygun sistemin PV/G10/1kWh/Li-ion olacağı değerlendirilmiştir. Seçilen sistemin emisyon değerleri incelenerek, çevreye olan zararları diğerlerine göre daha düşük çıkmıştır. Sistemin ekonomikliği, enerji verimliliği ve çevre-insan sağlığı açısından diğer sistemlere göre üstünlüğü değerlendirilmiştir.
Assessment of Particulates and Heavy Metals Concentration Distribution in Ambient Air around Al-Dora Refinery in Baghdad City, Iraq
Authors: Saleem Afyaa , Abdullah Enaam
Published: November 2024

Baghdad's air pollution levels have increased due to the rapid growth of oil refinery operations and other industrial processes, such as fuel burning, car exhaust, and electric power generators. Air pollution is believed to be one of the leading causes of severe health problems and chronic diseases. In this study, we aim to determine the concentrations and levels of heavy metals (Copper, Chromium, Lead, and Nickel) and total suspended particles (TSP) in the air of Al-Dora oil refinery area. The results of the study indicated that the average amount of TSP in the air exceeded both international and Iraqi permissible limits. (TSP) was the highest in location A7 (Dijlah University Street) and location A8(Al-Yossifia-Dora Highway) due to its nearness to the refinery. Results indicated that the air in the studied area has high levels of heavy metals that exceeded the global (WHO Cr=0.04; Cd=0.05; Pb-0.5µg/m3) and national (Iraqi Standards Pb=3 µg/m3) permissible limits. The wind direction in Al-Dora oil refinery areas is W/NW and led to an increase in pollutants towards A4(Mohammed Al-Qassim Highway), A7 (Dijlah University Street), and A8(Al-Yossifia-Dora Highway) regions compared to other locations. Furthermore, the measured values of TSP and air quality index AQI were high, ranging from “hazardous” to “very unhealthy”, exceeding indexed normal ranges which indicate that the air is unhealthy for human habitation.
Effect of Pore Water Pressure Ratio on Stability of Wind Turbine Shallow Foundations on Saturated Sandy Soil Due to Soil Liquefaction: A Case Study in Coastal Area of Soc Trang Province, Vietnam
Authors: Phong Nguyen , Thinh Phi
Published: November 2024

Wind turbines are structures whose operation is always affected by dynamic loads. Currently, shallow foundations are common for onshore wind turbines. In the case of saturated sandy soils, dynamic stresses caused by wind turbines can cause the sand to liquefy or reduce its shear strength due to increased excess pore water pressure (ΔU). The pore water pressure ratio (Ru = ΔU/σ’) is now often used to evaluate the effect of ΔU on foundation stability. This paper presents a method for determining Ru and establishing equations to determine the shear strength of saturated sand from Ru. From there, it is possible to estimate the bearing capacity of the foundation on saturated sand (q’ult), taking into account the effect of the pore water pressure ratio. Using the concept of influence factor of liquefaction (Finf), this paper proposes a procedure to evaluate the effect of pore water pressure ratio on the stability factor of shallow foundations on saturated sandy soil. Applying the above method to the coastal area of Soc Trang province, Vietnam shows that the values of q’ult and Ru are inverse exponential relationships while Finf and Ru are exponential relationships. In particular, q’ult and Finf have a very close correlation with Ru and can be expressed as the following expression: Finf=0.9907e3.56Ru; q’ult = 44450e-3.56Ru.
Data Driven Approach for Predicting Pore Pressure of Oil and Gas Wells, Case Study of Iraq Southern Oilfields
Authors: Abdul-Majeed Ghassan , Allawi Raed , Hameed Ahmed
Published: November 2024

Precise forecasting of pore pressures is crucial for efficiently planning and drilling oil and gas wells. It reduces expenses and saves time while preventing drilling complications. Since direct measurement of pore pressure in wellbores is costly and time-intensive, the ability to estimate it using empirical or machine learning models is beneficial. The present study aims to predict pore pressure using artificial neural network. The building and testing of artificial neural network are based on the data from five oil fields and several formations. The artificial neural network model is built using a measured dataset consisting of 77 data points of Pore pressure obtained from the modular formation dynamics tester. The input variables are vertical depth, bulk density, and acoustic compressional wave velocity, with the activation function of tangent sigmoid. The average percent error, absolute average percent error, mean square error, root mean square error, and correlation coefficient (R2) were applied for evaluation. The results revealed that the best artificial neural network structure was (3-8-1), with average percent error, absolute average percent error, mean square error, root mean square error, and correlation coefficient R2 of -0.52, 1.01, 3994, 63.2, and 0.995, respectively. A C++ computer program is provided with a calculation sample to simplify the implementation of the proposed artificial neural network. The dependency degree of pore pressure on each input parameter is investigated, revealing the highest impact of depth on pore pressure prediction. Furthermore, to check the validity of the artificial neural network against the different datasets, the artificial neural network performance was compared with 84 new data points and showed an advantage over the existing models. The very good performance of artificial neural network for different types of oil reservoirs and formations reveals an insignificant effect of lithology on the prediction of pore pressure.