bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liver Pathology in Children with Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Single Center Experience
Authors: Daniluk Urszula , Kwiatek-Sredzinska Kamila , Jakimiec Piotr , Daniluk Jaroslaw , Czajkowska Aleksandra , Lebensztejn Dariusz
Published: November 2021

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is frequently associated with liver pathology manifested as transient elevation of liver enzymes or specified liver diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and the type of liver pathology in children with IBD within 2 years’ follow-up after the IBD diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of children with IBD. Liver pathology was defined as elevated activity of liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)) and bilirubin concentration in serum and/or as pathological changes of the organ on imaging tests (abdominal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography) or on liver histology performed when indicated. Results: Liver pathology was detected in 21 from 119 children (18%), including 7 (17%) with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 14 (18%) with ulcerative colitis (UC). Specified diagnosis for liver abnormality was found in 14 of 21 children (67%), including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC, 19%), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, 19%), autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC, 5%), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH, 5%), cholelithiasis (5%), drug-induced liver disease (9%) and viral infection (herpes simplex virus, 5%). Most patients manifested mild IBD or were in clinical remission at the time of liver pathology diagnosis. 14% of patients with liver disease (including only cases with PSC) were diagnosed before IBD, 33% at the same time, and 52% in the later period. Patients with the specified diagnosis of liver pathology were younger, had higher ALT activity and more often demonstrated liver abnormalities on imaging tests. UC patients with idiopathic elevation of liver enzymes had higher pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index scores compared to children with specified liver disease. Conclusions: Liver pathology was observed in a significant percentage of children with IBD in our study. The majority of cases of hepatobiliary abnormalities were detected after diagnosis of IBD; therefore, children with IBD should undergo routine monitoring of liver enzymes.
Risk of Re-Rupture, Vasospasm, or Re-Stroke after Clipping or Coiling of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Long-Term Follow-Up with a Propensity Score-Matched, Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Jiaqiang , Lo Yang-Lan , Li Ming-Chang , Yu Ying-Hui , Wu Szu-Yuan
Published: November 2021

Scarce evidence is available in Asia for estimating the long-term risk and prognostic factors of major complications such as re-rupture, vasospasm, or re-stroke for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) undergoing endovascular coil embolization or surgical clipping. This is the first head-to-head propensity score-matched study in an Asian population to demonstrate that endovascular coil embolization for aneurysmal SAH treatment is riskier than surgical clipping in terms of re-rupture, vasospasm, or re-stroke. In addition, the independent poor prognostic factors of vasospasm or re-stroke were endovascular coil embolization, male sex, older age (≥65 years; the risk of vasospasm increases with age), hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes, previous transient ischemic attack, or stroke in aneurysmal SAH treatment. Background: To estimate the long-term complications and prognostic factors of endovascular coil embolization or surgical clipping for patients with ruptured aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: We selected patients diagnosed with aneurysmal SAH between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2017. Propensity score matching was performed, and Cox proportional hazards model curves were used to analyze the risk of re-rupture, vasospasm, and re-stroke in patients undergoing the different treatments. Findings: Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of re-rupture for endovascular coil embolization compared with surgical clipping was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17–1.57; p < 0.0001). The aHRs of the secondary endpoints of vasospasm and re-stroke (delayed cerebral ischemia) for endovascular coil embolization compared with surgical clipping were 1.14 (1.02–1.27; p = 0.0214) and 2.04 (1.83–2.29; p < 0.0001), respectively. The independent poor prognostic factors for vasospasm and re-stroke were endovascular coil embolization, male sex, older age (≥65 years; risk increases with age), hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and previous transient ischemic attack or stroke. Interpretation: Endovascular coil embolization for aneurysmal SAH carries a higher risk than surgical clipping of both short- and long-term complications including re-rupture, vasospasm, and re-stroke.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Human-Machine Interaction in Brain Tumor Localization
Authors: Esmaeili Morteza , Vettukattil Riyas , Banitalebi Hasan , Krogh Nina R. , Geitung Jonn Terje
Published: November 2021

Primary malignancies in adult brains are globally fatal. Computer vision, especially recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), have created opportunities to automatically characterize and diagnose tumor lesions in the brain. AI approaches have provided scores of unprecedented accuracy in different image analysis tasks, including differentiating tumor-containing brains from healthy brains. AI models, however, perform as a black box, concealing the rational interpretations that are an essential step towards translating AI imaging tools into clinical routine. An explainable AI approach aims to visualize the high-level features of trained models or integrate into the training process. This study aims to evaluate the performance of selected deep-learning algorithms on localizing tumor lesions and distinguishing the lesion from healthy regions in magnetic resonance imaging contrasts. Despite a significant correlation between classification and lesion localization accuracy (R = 0.46, p = 0.005), the known AI algorithms, examined in this study, classify some tumor brains based on other non-relevant features. The results suggest that explainable AI approaches can develop an intuition for model interpretability and may play an important role in the performance evaluation of deep learning models. Developing explainable AI approaches will be an essential tool to improve human–machine interactions and assist in the selection of optimal training methods.
Relationship between Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Brain at Rest and Self-Reported Spontaneous Thoughts: An EEG Microstate Approach
Authors: Tarailis Povilas , Šimkutė Dovilė , Koenig Thomas , Griškova-Bulanova Inga
Published: November 2021

Rationale: The resting-state paradigm is frequently applied in electroencephalography (EEG) research; however, it is associated with the inability to control participants’ thoughts. To quantify subjects’ subjective experiences at rest, the Amsterdam Resting-State Questionnaire (ARSQ) was introduced covering ten dimensions of mind wandering. We aimed to estimate associations between subjective experiences and resting-state microstates of EEG. Methods: 5 min resting-state EEG data of 197 subjects was used to evaluate temporal properties of seven microstate classes. Bayesian correlation approach was implemented to assess associations between ARSQ domains assessed after resting and parameters of microstates. Results: Several associations between Comfort, Self and Somatic Awareness domains and temporal properties of neuroelectric microstates were revealed. The positive correlation between Comfort and duration of microstates E showed the strongest evidence (BF10 > 10); remaining correlations showed substantial evidence (10 > BF10 > 3). Conclusion: Our study indicates the relevance of assessments of spontaneous thought occurring during the resting-state for the understanding of the intrinsic brain activity reflected in microstates.
Urban Community Power: Enhancing Urban Forest Diversity and Reversing Ecosystem Disservices in Zomba City, Malawi
Authors: Likongwe Patrick J. , Chimaimba Frank B. , Chiotha Sosten S. , Mandevu Treaser , Kamuyango Lois , Garekae Hesekia
Published: November 2021

Tree species diversity in urban green spaces supports the provision of a wide range of urban ecosystem services, well studied in developed countries and less so in developing countries, where little is discussed concerning the role of urban communities in addressing the eminent threat facing green spaces. A study was, therefore, conducted to assess the impact of community involvement in the management of urban green spaces, which is mostly left in the hands of the central government in most developing countries. Two hills, namely, Sadzi and Chiperoni hills, were selected within Zomba city, where the latter has no community involvement in managing it. Trees with diameters at breast height (DBH) of ≥5 cm were measured and identified to species level from 25 sampled plots (20 × 20 m each). The results found a total of 51 species, 40 genera and 17 families, with the Fabaceae family dominant in both hills. A Shannon index of above 3.0 was recorded from both hills, with a greater tree density for Sadzi hill at 695 trees/ha. Sadzi hill has gained more than a twofold increase in green cover, while Chiperoni has lost 10%. Despite being in the regenerating phase, the community management is contributing to urban green space provision, ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation.
Approach to Neurological Channelopathies and Neurometabolic Disorders in Newborns
Authors: Lee Inn-Chi
Published: November 2021

Ion channel disorders (channelopathies) can affect any organ system in newborns before 2 months of life, including the skeletal muscle and central nervous system. Channelopathies in newborns can manifest as seizure disorders, which is a critical issue as early onset seizures can mimic the presentation of neurometabolic disorders. Seizures in channelopathies can either be focal or generalized, and range in severity from benign to epileptic encephalopathies that may lead to developmental regression and eventually premature death. The presenting symptoms of channelopathies are challenging for clinicians to decipher, such that an extensive diagnostic survey through a precise step-by-step process is vital. Early diagnosis of a newborn’s disease, either as a channelopathy or neurometabolic disorder, is important for the long-term neurodevelopment of the child.
A Graph-Based Optimal On-Ramp Merging of Connected Vehicles on the Highway
Authors: Shi Yanjun , Yuan Zhiheng , Yu Hao , Guo Yijia , Qi Yuhan
Published: November 2021

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are a very promising alternative for reducing fuel consumption and improving traffic efficiency when vehicles merge at on-ramps. In this study, we propose a graph-based method to coordinate CAVs to merge at the highway ramp. First, the optimized vehicles were divided into groups to pass the merging point. Then we built a directed graph model for each group of vehicles, where each path of the graph corresponds to one of all possible merging sequences. The improved shortest path algorithm is proposed to find the optimal merging sequence for minimizing total fuel consumption. The results of the simulation showed that the proposed graph-based method reduced fuel consumption and ensured high traffic efficiency; moreover, the vehicles can form a platoon after passing the merge point.
Optimality Conditions, Qualifications and Approximation Method for a Class of Non-Lipschitz Mathematical Programs with Switching Constraints
Authors: Lv Jinman , Peng Zhenhua , Wan Zhongping
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we consider a class of mathematical programs with switching constraints (MPSCs) where the objective involves a non-Lipschitz term. Due to the non-Lipschitz continuity of the objective function, the existing constraint qualifications for local Lipschitz MPSCs are invalid to ensure that necessary conditions hold at the local minimizer. Therefore, we propose some MPSC-tailored qualifications which are related to the constraints and the non-Lipschitz term to ensure that local minimizers satisfy the necessary optimality conditions. Moreover, we study the weak, Mordukhovich, Bouligand, strongly (W-, M-, B-, S-) stationay, analyze what qualifications making local minimizers satisfy the (M-, B-, S-) stationay, and discuss the relationship between the given MPSC-tailored qualifications. Finally, an approximation method for solving the non-Lipschitz MPSCs is given, and we show that the accumulation point of the sequence generated by the approximation method satisfies S-stationary under the second-order necessary condition and MPSC Mangasarian-Fromovitz (MF) qualification.
Stability of Dependencies of Contingent Subgroups with Merged Groups: Vaccination Case Study
Authors: Macak Tomas
Published: November 2021

The answers to extreme phenomena both in nature and in business sectors are the constructions of the distribution of random variables with extreme values. Another area in which appropriate theoretical research is conducted regarding the influence of suppressor (third) variables in categorical data. When examining dependencies in PivotTables, we often find it necessary to merge data into larger sets (e.g., due to a greater number of theoretical frequencies lower than their critical value). A phenomenon many exist wherein the partial relation is stronger than the zero relation. For example, in such a combination, instability may occur, which indicates contingent subgroups with the merged group. The dependence of dependencies is practically manifested because the data of contingent subgroups indicate inconsistent (inverted) conclusions compared to the associated group. For this reason, this paper aimed to find the critical ratios of partial probabilities in the contingency table of subgroups of the original variables, and to determine the conditions of result consistency and contingency stability, including the proof. For practical use and for the ease of repeating the proposed procedure, the solution is based on a case study that compares the effectiveness of vaccination.
A Comprehensive Fuzzy Decision-Making Method for Minimizing Completion Time in Manufacturing Process in Supply Chains
Authors: Alazemi Fahad Kh. A.O.H. , Ariffin Mohd Khairol Anuar Bin Mohd , Mustapha Faizal Bin , Supeni Eris Elianddy bin
Published: November 2021

In manufacturing firms, there are many factors that can affect product completion time in production lines. However, in a real production environment, such factors are uncertain and increase the adverse effects on product completion time. This research focuses on the role of internal factors in small- and medium-scale supply chains in developing countries, enhancing product completion time during the manufacturing process in fuzzy conditions. In the first step of this research, a list of factors was found clustered into six main groups: technology, human resources, machinery, material, facility design, and social factors. In the next step, fuzzy weights of each group factor were determined by a fuzzy inference system to reflect the uncertainty of the factors in utilizing product completion time. Then, a hybrid fuzzy–TOPSIS-based heuristic is proposed to generate and select the best production alternative. The outcomes showed that the proposed method could generate and select the alternative with a 10.13% lower product completion time. The findings also indicated that using the proposed fuzzy method will cause less minimum variance compared to the crisp mode.
Positive Salt Tolerance Modulation via Vermicompost Regulation of SOS1 Gene Expression and Antioxidant Homeostasis in Viciafaba Plant
Authors: El-Dakak Rehab , El-Aggan Weam , Badr Ghadah , Helaly Amira , Tammam Amel
Published: November 2021

Strategic implementation of vermicompost as safe biofertilizer besides defensing saline soils offer dual function solving problems in developing countries. The current study aims to utilize vermicompost (VC) for amelioration of 200mM NaCl in Vicia faba Aspani cultivar and investigate the molecular role of salt overly sensitive pathway (SOS1). The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with three replicates. Treatments include 0; 2.5; 5; 10; 15% dried VC intermingled with soil mixture (clay: sand; 1:2) and/or 200 mM NaCl. The results show that salinity stress decreased broad bean fresh and dry weight; and K+/Na+. However, malonedialdehyde and H2O2 contents; increased. Application of 10% VC and salinity stress increases Ca2+ (41% and 50%), K+/Na+ (125% and 89%), Mg2+ (25% and 36%), N (8% and 11%), indole acetic acid (70% and 152%) and proteins (9% and 13%) for root and shoot, respectively, in comparison to salt treated pots. Moreover, all examined enzymatic antioxidants and their substrates increased, except glutathione reductase. A parallel decrease in abscisic acid (75% and 29%) and proline (59% and 58%) was also recorded for roots and leaves, respectively. Interestingly, the highly significant increase in gene expression of SOS1 (45-fold) could drive defense machinery of broad bean to counteract 200 mM NaCl.
Avenanthramides: Unique Bioactive Substances of Oat Grain in the Context of Cultivar, Cropping System, Weather Conditions and Other Grain Parameters
Authors: Dvořáček Václav , Jágr Michal , Kotrbová Kozak Anna , Capouchová Ivana , Konvalina Petr , Faměra Oldřich , Hlásná Čepková Petra
Published: November 2021

Our study was focused on the evaluation of the content of a wider spectrum of eight avenanthramides (AVNs) as unique components of oat grain under the effects of four selected factors (cultivar, locality, cropping system, and year). The weather effects on changes in the AVN content and their relationship to other important parameters of oat grain were further evaluated in more detail. A sensitive UHPLC system coupled with a QExactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer was used for AVN quantification. AVNs confirmed a high variability (RDS = 72.7–113.5%), which was dominantly influenced by the locality and year factors. While most AVN types confirmed mutually high correlations (r = 0.7–0.9), their correlations with the other 10 grain parameters were lower (r ≤ 0.48). Their significant correlations (0.27–0.46) with β-D-glucan could be used in perspective in breeding programs for the synergetic increase of both parameters. PCA analysis and Spearman correlations based on individual cultivars confirmed a significant effect of June and July precipitation on the increase of Σ AVNs. However, the results also indicated that higher precipitation can generate favorable conditions for related factors, such as preharvest sprouting evoking a direct increase of AVNs synthesis in oat grain.
Numerical Investigation of the Flow Field and Mass Transfer Characteristics in a Jet Slurry Pump
Authors: Qian Yi’nan , Wang Yuanshun , Fang Zhenlong , Chen Xiuhan , Miedema Sape A.
Published: November 2021

A jet pump is used to transport a variety of working media and is especially suitable for dredged soil transporting. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical study of a jet pump that is used for slurry delivery was carried out. The characteristics of the internal flow field of the mixing chamber with different working parameters were comprehensively analyzed. The results indicate that the pressure of the axial line decreases with increasing flow ratio (ratio of suction flux and inlet flux) while the pressure of the injected slurry shows a downward trend. With the increase in the flow ratio, the pressure ratio (difference between inlet pressure and suction pressure divided by the difference between exit pressure and suction pressure) falls off while the efficiency presents a parabolic distribution. The pressure ratio can be promoted by properly increasing the length of the mixing chamber so that the available efficiency is broadened. When the mixing chamber length is L = 2.5Dn~4.0Dn (Dn is nozzle outlet diameter), the highly efficient area is wide; in particular, when L = 3.5Dn, the jet slurry pump with the highest efficiency of 27.6% has the best performance.
Synthesis of Cost-Optimal Heat Exchanger Networks Using a Novel Stochastic Algorithm and a Modified Stage-Wised Superstructure
Authors: Chen Jiaxing , Yang Qiguo , Cui Guomin , Bao Zhongkai , Zhang Guanhua
Published: November 2021

Facing the current energy structure urgently needs to be transformed, heat exchanger network (HEN) can implement heat recovery and cost reduction by the arrangement for heat exchanges between cold and hot streams. The plenty of integer and continuous variables involved in HEN synthesis cause the results to be easily trapped in local optima. To avoid this situation, the mechanism of accepting imperfect solutions is added in a novel algorithm called Random Walk Algorithm with Compulsive Evolution. However, several potential solutions maybe abandoned by accepting imperfect solutions. To maintain the global searching ability, and at the same time, protecting the potential solutions during the optimization process, the limitations of accepting imperfect solutions are investigated in this work, then a back substitution strategy and elite optimization strategy based on algorithm are proposed. The former is to identify and adjust the inferior individuals in long-term stagnation while the latter is to keep and perform a fine search for the better solutions. Furthermore, a modified stage-wised superstructure is also developed to implement the flexible placement of utilities, which efficiently enlarges the solution domain. The validation of strategies and model is implemented by three cases, the results are lower, with 2219 $/year, 1280 $/year, and 2M $/year than the best published result, revealing the strong abilities of the proposed method in designing more economical HENs.
Soil Moisture Retrieval Using Microwave Remote Sensing Data and a Deep Belief Network in the Naqu Region of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yang Zhihui , Zhao Jun , Liu Jialiang , Wen Yuanyuan , Wang Yanqiang
Published: November 2021

Soil moisture plays an important role in the land surface model. In this paper, a method of using VV polarization Sentinel-1 SAR and Landsat optical data to retrieve soil moisture data was proposed by combining the water cloud model (WCM) and the deep belief network (DBN). Since the simple combination of training data in the neural network cannot effectively improve the accuracy of the soil moisture inversion results, a WCM physical model was used to eliminate the effect of vegetation cover on the ground backscatter, in order to obtain the bare soil backscatter coefficient. This improved the correlation of ground soil backscatter characteristics with soil moisture. A DBN soil moisture inversion model based on the bare soil backscatter coefficients as the foundation training data combined with radar incidence angle and terrain factors obtained good inversion results. Studies in the Naqu area of the Tibetan Plateau showed that vegetation cover had a significant effect on the soil moisture, and the goodness of fit (R2) between the backscatter coefficient and soil moisture before and after the elimination of vegetation cover was 0.38 and 0.50, respectively. The correlation between the backscatter coefficient and the soil moisture was improved after eliminating the vegetation cover. The inversion results of the DBN soil moisture model were further improved through iterative parameters. The model prediction reached its highest level of accuracy when the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) was set to seven layers, the bias and R were 0.007 and 0.88, respectively. Ten-fold cross-validation showed that the DBN soil moisture model performed stably with different data. The prediction was further improved when the bare soil backscatter coefficient was used as the training data. The mean values of the root mean square error (RMSE), the inequality coefficient (TIC), and the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) were 0.023, 0.09, and 11.13, respectively.
The Accelerator Driven Systems, a 21st Century Option for Closing Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Transmuting Minor Actinides
Authors: Abderrahim Hamid Aït , Giot Michel
Published: November 2021

Closing the nuclear fuel cycle and transmuting Minor Actinides (MAs) can be considered as an application of the duty of care principle which says that, “before the final disposal of any waste, any possible chemical and/or physical treatment has to be applied in order to reduce the waste’s toxicity, provided the treatment does not convey unacceptable risks or unacceptable costs”. Forty years of complex research and development has shown that Accelerator Driven Systems could provide a solution to the challenge posed by spent nuclear fuels, by enabling the ability to considerably decrease their radiotoxicity lifetime burden and volume. In particular, a multilateral strategy of treatment of the MAs could be a commendable solution for both the countries phasing out the exploitation of nuclear energy and for those pursuing and developing this exploitation. The pre-industrial assessment of the technical and financial feasibility for industrialization is the next step. This applies to the four R&D and Demonstration building blocks: advanced separation, MAs’ loaded fuel fabrication, dedicated transmuters demonstration (MYRRHA) and provision for MAs’ fuel loaded processing. A global vision of the process leading to a sustainable option is proposed.
Infraestructura cultural juvenil en la producción de la ciudad mercancía.
Authors: Privitera Sixto Maria Rosa
Published: November 2021

Desde el año 2009, el Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (GCBA) viene incorporando equipamiento de distintas dimensiones para el desarrollo de la práctica de skateboarding y produciendo espectáculos que combinan “deporte y cultura urbana”, con el objetivo final de posicionar a la ciudad como capital de los deportes extremos, a nivel nacional y regional, entre los jóvenes. Buscando trascender una visión meramente simbólica de la cultura, aquí abordaremos las relaciones entre culturas “juveniles” y “urbanas”, el mercado y las políticas culturales que el GCBA declara proponer. Para ello, articulo una metodología de tipo cualitativa, en base al análisis de fuentes primarias producidas en el marco de mi investigación doctoral, y de fuentes producidas por agencias del GCBA y agencias periodísticas, en triangulación con bibliografía académica especializada.
Покращення моделей розпізнавання облич за допомогою згорткових нейронних мереж, навчання подібності та методів оптимізації
Authors: Літвінчук Андрій Миколайович , Барановська Леся Валеріївна
Published: November 2021

Розпізнавання облич — це одна з основних задач комп’ютерного зору. Вона має безліч прикладних застосувань, що призвело до величезної кількості досліджень у цій сфері. І хоча дослідження відбувались з початку розвитку комп’ютерного зору, адекватних результатів змогли досягнути лише за допомогою згорткових нейронних мереж. У даній роботі проведено порівняльний аналіз методів розпізнавання облич до згорткових нейронних мереж. Розглянуто набір архітектур нейронних мереж, методів навчання подібності та оптимізації. Проведено ряд експериментів, виконано порівняльний аналіз розглянутих методів покращення згорткових нейронних мереж, в результаті отримано універсальний алгоритм для навчання моделі розпізнавання облич. Для порівняння різних підходів розпізнавання облич ми обрали набір даних VGGFace2. Він складається з 3,31 млн зображень 9131 людини. Його створили за допомогою зображень з пошукової системи Google. Спочатку застосовувалися попередньо навчені нейронні мережі для виділення певної кількості найбільш можливих фотографій людини. Після цього зображення перевірялись розмітниками для фінальної ідентифікації. Для валідаційної вибірки відклали 50 зображень 500 людей, загалом 25000 зображень. Практично всі експерименти проводилися ітеративно. Тобто, обравши найкращий підхід у попередньому етапі (наприклад, найкращий оптимізатор), ми використовували вже його і далі перевіряли, наприклад, архітектуру мережі. Як і очікувалось, нейронні мережі з більшою кількістю параметрів та складнішою архітектурою показували кращі результати у наведеній в роботі задачі. Серед розглянутих нами моделей найкращою виявилась Se-ResNet50. Навчання подібності — це метод, за допомогою якого можливо досягнути хорошої точності. Без цього методу задачу вирішити було б неможливо. Для оптимізації нейронних мереж ми розглядали і адаптивні, і прості оптимізатори. Як показано у роботі, для даної задачі найкращим виявився стохастичний градієнтний спуск з моментом, а адаптивні методи показали поганий результат. Загалом, використовуючи різні підходи, ми змогли отримати точність 92 % на досить складному наборі даних, що на 25,5 % краще за базовий експеримент. подальший розвиток даного дослідження можливий завдяки покращенню архітектури нейронної мережі, збору більшої кількості даних та застосуванню кращих методів регуляризації.
Гарантированный результат в игровых задачах группового сближения управляемых объектов
Authors: Чикрий Аркадий Алексеевич , Раппопорт Иосиф Симович
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрена проблема гарантированного результата в игровых задачах группового сближения управляемых объектов. Предложен метод решения таких задач, связанный с построением некоторых скалярных функций, качественно характеризующих ход сближения группы управляемых объектов и эффективность принятых решений. Такие функции называются решающими. метод решающих функций позволяет эффективно использовать современную технику многозначных отражений и их селекторов в обоснованиях игровых конструкций и получении на их основе содержательных результатов. В любых формах метода решающих функций главным является накопительный принцип, который используется в текущем суммировании решающих функций для оценки качества игры группового сближения вплоть до достижения некоторого порогового значения. В отличие от основной схемы этого метода рассматривается случай, когда классическое условие Понтрягина не имеет места. В данной ситуации заместо несуществующих селекторов Понтрягина рассматриваются некие функции сдвига и с их помощью вводятся особые многозначные отражения. Они порождают верхние и нижние разрешающие функции, с помощью которых формулируются достаточные условия завершения игры группового сближения за некоторое гарантированное время. Наводится сравнение гарантированных времен для разных схем группового сближения управляемых объектов.
Orientasi Kewirausahaan dan Inovasi Produk pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran UMKM di Kota Tangerang
Authors: Humairoh Humairoh , Suharyadi Suharyadi , Taufik Edi Rahmat
Published: November 2021

The Tangerang City convection MSMEs experienced a shock from a decline in demand due to economic instability caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Tangerang City MSMEs need a survival strategy to be able to maintain their business in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the MSMEs of Tangerang City are still experiencing obstacles in their entrepreneurial orientation and product innovation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and product innovation on the marketing performance of MSMEs in Tangerang City. The sample is 100 respondents. The research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to the MSMEs business actors in Tangerang City. The data analysis technique used regression analysis with the help of SPSS software version 22. This study resulted in both partial and simultaneous entrepreneurial orientation and product innovation having a positive and significant effect on marketing performance. This study found that to improve marketing performance, business owners are responsible for finding solutions to obstacles that occur, proactively see opportunities by innovating to create new products to meet the needs of existing customers and new consumers, seek innovation ideas by listening to consumer desires and making products. that has distinctive characteristics, to continue to innovate and improve the quality of the products produced, and to increase business targets and expand product marketing so as to increase profits. The implication of this research is that MSMEs have to use online technology, namely social media and e-commerce market places in order to reach wider consumers, innovate in design and style so as to increase business profits.
Presentación
Authors: Comité Editorial Anuario de Arqueología
Published: November 2021

El volumen 12 del Anuario de Arqueología presenta algunas particularidades especiales. Además de los artículos libres recibidos regularmente por la revista, este número incorpora un Dossier temático donde se resalta el potencial informativo que posee la aplicación de distintos métodos arqueométricos en la investigación sobre cerámica. Los trabajos que forman parte de este Dossier fueron expuestos en el simposio titulado “Aproximaciones arqueométricas para el estudio de la cerámica arqueológica”, coordinado por Flavia Ottalagano y Verónica Schuster y que contó con la relatoría de Verónica J. Acevedo. El mismo tuvo lugar en el marco del XX Congreso Nacional de Arqueología Argentina, realizado en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, entre los días 15 al 19 de julio del 2019. Este Dossier está conformado por los trabajos de Acevedo et al., Bellelli et al., Pérez, Colobig et al., Schuster et al. y Soto. Por otra parte, este volumen incluye también la conferencia brindada por Daniel Loponte cuya temática versa sobre la relevancia que tienen los análisis isotópicos para el estudio de la dieta, particularmente en el área Nordeste de Argentina. Esta conferencia formó parte de las V Jornadas Rosarinas de Arqueología, evento que se desarrolló entre los días 6 al 8 de junio del 2018. Finalmente, este número incorpora, por primera vez en la trayectoria de la revista, una sección especial dedicada a la publicación de Resúmenes de Tesinas, de defensa reciente. Dichos resúmenes corresponden a Tesinas de Licenciatura en Antropología (orientación arqueológica), pertenecientes a la Escuela de Antropología, Facultad de Humanidades y Artes, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Invitamos a todos a leer su contenido, sin antes agradecer a aquellos colegas que, ya sea como autores o evaluadores, hicieron posible la concreción de este valioso número para el Anuario de Arqueología.
Una crítica marxista relacional del posthumanismo en arqueología
Authors: McGuire Randall H.
Published: November 2021

De las cenizas del post-modernismo ha surgido un posthumanismo que ha declarado que el marxismo en arqueología está muerto. Los partidarios de la teoría posthumanista de la Arqueología Simétrica seleccionan a su conveniencia algunas ideas marxistas para luego refutarlas y descartarlas, sin considerar la profundidad y los matices que las diferentes teorías marxistas poseen. Caracterizan de manera incorrecta a la dialéctica relacional como una forma de pensamiento de opuestos, pero ignoran el dualismo fundamental que subyace a su propia postura teórica. Igualan a humanos y cosas argumentando que ambos comparten una ontología común. El marxismo relacional resuelve la naturaleza dualista de esa postura y demuestra que las cosas, los animales y la gente pueden estudiarse relacionalmente pero reconociendo al mismo tiempo las diferencias ontológicas que existen entre ellos. El marxismo vive.
Hallazgos de un naufragio en el puerto de Buenos Aires
Authors: Valentini Mónica Patricia
Published: November 2021

Durante la excavación de rescate del pecio de Zencity en Puerto Madero, ciudad de Buenos Aires, se extrajeron una gran cantidad de materiales. De ellos no todos formaban parte de la carga que venía en el buque o pertenecían al buque mismo. En el transcurso del estudio pudimos constatar que los procesos posdeposicionales y la situación de ser zona de fondeo el lugar del hallazgo hizo que pensáramos en diferentes contextos. El estudio de cada uno de los materiales nos posibilitó interpretar esos contextos y vislumbrar ciertas hipótesis de trabajo. El naufragio no se nos presentaba como una “capsula de tiempo” en su totalidad.
Delta de hemoglobina materna entre el primer y tercer trimestre como factor de riesgo para bajo peso al nacer: Un estudio de cohorte
Authors: Silva-Rengifo Christian , Salazar-Cruzado Orlanmdfo R. , Velásquez-Sotomayor Mariana , Barboza Joshuan J.
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: El presente estudio se centró en determinar si la diferencia de hemoglobina del tercer y el primer trimestre de gestación mayor de – 1 (Delta de hemoglobina disminuido) es un factor de riesgo para el bajo peso al nacer en recién nacidos a término en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo. Material y métodos: Estudio de cohorte histórica. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva donde se incluyeron 218 neonatos, de acuerdo con los criterios de selección, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos: pacientes con delta de hemoglobina materna disminuida y no disminuida: aplicando el riesgo relativo y el test estadístico de chi-cuadrado. Resultados: La frecuencia de neonatos con bajo peso al nacer en mujeres embarazadas con delta de hemoglobina disminuida fue de 32/109 = 29 %; la frecuencia de bajo peso al nacer en las mujeres embarazadas con delta de hemoglobina no disminuida fue de 18/109 = 17 %. La delta de hemoglobina materna disminuida es un factor de riesgo para el bajo peso al nacer con un riesgo relativo de 1.78 [IC: 95 % (1.45 – 3.56) p < 0.05]. Conclusiones: La delta de hemoglobina materna disminuida es un factor de riesgo para el bajo peso al nacer en recién nacidos a término en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo.
Indicadores de calidad de colangiopancreatografía retrógada endoscópica en un hospital nivel III asociados al desarrollo de pancreatitis aguda post-cpre
Authors: Pérez Acuña-Medina Katherine Alexandra , Díaz-Vélez Cristian
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre los indicadores de calidad de colangiopancreatografía retrógada endoscópica (CPRE) y desarrollo de pancreatitis aguda post-CPRE en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque durante el período 2016–junio 2017. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal analítico, retrospectivo. Población censal 539 y muestra 358. Se evaluaron historias clínicas usando un checklist de indicadores de calidad de “The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE)”. Se usó media y desviación estándar para la edad y frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes para las demás variables. Se evaluó el porcentaje de cumplimiento de cada indicador. Se encontró la asociación entre indicadores de calidad y el desarrollo de pancreatitis usando razones de prevalencia (IC95%) y X2(p<0,05). Resultados: La edad promedio es 52,24+20,168, el 66,5% son mujeres. 98,3% de las CPREs tiene indicación apropiada; 0,3% no tiene consentimiento informado completo; 15,38% tuvo administración de antibiótico adecuada; 92,2% fueron realizadas por un endoscopista capacitado; en 96,9% se logró la canulación profunda, ninguno tuvo medición del tiempo de fluoroscopio, 65,1% logró extracción de cálculos <1cm, 95,5% logró la colocación de stent; ninguna tuvo reporte completo y en el 98,5% los efectos adversos fueron documentados. La tasa de pancreatitis fue 7%, de perforación 0,6% y de hemorragia 2,5%. Solo el 3,9% tuvo control en >14 días. Conclusiones: No existe asociación entre los indicadores de calidad de CPRE y el desarrollo de pancreatitis. No se cumplen todos los criterios de calidad. La pancreatitis post-CPRE tiene más posibilidad de presentarse en mujeres, pero menos en mayores de 65 años.
SWCNTs Interaction with Dopamine and Serotonin Anticancer Through QM/MM Methods: A Drug Delivery Approaches
Authors: Saghayi Marouf Nastaran , Monajjemi Majid , Zare Karim , Shamel Ali
Published: November 2021

Objetive: Dopamine and Serotonin are the two important biological transmitters that have hormonal activities and responsible for happiness and felling well. The aim of this article was to study theoretically the structure features of Dopamine and Serotonin in the complex of single-walled carbon nanotube as a neurotransmitter. Material and Methods: The structure of Dopamine and Serotonin binding with SWCNT with four different diameters (7.0,7.5,7.7,10.0 nm) was studied by using molecular mechanic (MM) and quantum mechanic (QM). The remarkable energies including potential energy, total energy and kinetic energy in time of simulation 10 ns steps in two temperatures (298, 310 kelvin degree) were investigated by Monte Carlo method with opls force filed. NMR shielding tensor data by B3LYP level of theory with 6-31 G(d) as a basis set and semi empirical method have been also fulfilled. Results: Theoretical computations were performed to study NMR chemical shift data including magnetic shielding tensor (σ, ppm), shielding asymmetry (η), magnetic shielding anisotropy (σaniso), magnetic shielding isotropy (σiso) , skew of a tensor (Κ) and chemical shift anisotropy (Δσ) and span (Ω) at various rotation angles around a specific rotation, physical and chemical properties of atomic nuclei. Semi empirical calculations such as total energy, binding energy, isolated atomic energy, electronic energy, core–core interaction and heat of formation in AM1 were revealed. Conclusion: It is figured out in Monte Carlo method our two specific drug and its nanotube with small diameter are the most stable one than the others. The larger diameter leads the combination stability into lower value.
Histiocitosis de células de langerhans: Serie de casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Cardeña-Mamani Rakel , Arauco-Nava Pedro , Villena-Pairazaman Fermín Felipe , Mejía-Pelaez Guillermo , Flores-Alvarez Willys
Published: November 2021

Introducción: La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans es reportada en aproximadamente tres de cada millón de niños. Es de origen desconocido, considerado como neoplasia clonal, con mutación de BRAF, RAS, en la diferenciación de la serie mieloide; según su presentación, tanto pronóstico como sobrevida son variables. Reporte de casos: Se presentan tres casos de pacientes de 10, 11 y 9 años, diagnosticados a temprana edad, y se les realizo seguimiento, con Diagnostico de Histiocitosis de células de Langerhans. Dos de ellos cursaron con tumoraciones craneanas, y el restante con lesiones en fémur y húmero, que evolucionaron de enfermedad unifocal unisistémica a multifocal, multisistémica. Conclusión: La Histiocitosis de Langerhans debe considerarse en los diagnósticos diferenciales en la edad infantil de tumores craneales de rápido progreso y tumores óseos, por su alta frecuencia de compromiso óseo, el seguimiento es realizado por oncología, y el manejo en la clasificación del compromiso multisistémico.
Procedimiento de creación de un instrumento virtual para la supervisión administrativa de los ensayos clínicos realizados en el Seguro Social del Perú
Authors: Herrera-Añazco Percy , Soto-Ordoñez Suly , Estrada-Martínez Maggie
Published: November 2021

Carta al Editor (sin resumen)
Registro de trabajos de investigación sobre tuberculosis y COVID-19 en PRISA o REPEC
Authors: Roque-Henriquez Joel Christian , Fuentes-Delgado Duilio , Angulo-Bazán Yolanda
Published: November 2021

Carta al editor ( Sin resumen )
El confinamiento por COVID-19 podría aumentar el riesgo de síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores
Authors: Del Val-Gómez Abraham
Published: November 2021

Carta al editor ( Sin resumen )
Criterial approach to substantiation of the best available techniques for engineering protection against hazardous techno-natural processes
Authors: Куранов Н.П. , Тимофеева Е.А.
Published: November 2021

Прогнозирование мероприятий и строительства сооружений по инженерной защите от опасных процессов имеет целый ряд специфических особенностей, которые следует иметь в виду при разработке методологии обоснования наилучших доступных технологий. Математический аппарат, позволяющий обосновать выбор технологии инженерной защиты от опасных техноприродных процессов, которую можно отнести к наилучшим доступным технологиям, находится в стадии разработки. Представлен один из подходов, который позволяет на основе количественных оценок обосновывать выбор варианта инженерной защиты от опасных техноприродных процессов. За основу такого подхода принят экспертно-аналитический метод оценки риска от опасных природно-техногенных процессов, который в последние годы получил широкое развитие. Предложен математический аппарат, позволяющий обоснованно подходить к выбору наилучшей доступной технологии инженерной защиты от опасных техноприродных процессов с учетом возможностей собственника, его положения в текущей ситуации и перспектив развития.

Prediction of measures and construction of facilities for engineering protection from hazardous processes has a number of specific features that should be borne in mind while developing a method for substantiating the best available techniques. The mathematical tools that provide for substantiating the choice of a technology for engineering protection from hazardous techno-natural processes, that can be assigned to the best available techniques, are under development. One of the approaches is presented that allows, on the basis of quantitative assessments, to substantiate the choice of an option of engineering protection against hazardous techno-natural processes. This approach is based on the expert-analytical method for assessing the risk from hazardous natural-technogenic processes that has been widely used in recent years. Mathematical tools have been proposed that provide for reasonably approaching the choice of the best available technique for engineering protection against hazardous techno-natural processes, taking into account the capabilities of the owner, his position in the current situation and development prospects.
Assessment of safety and risk of flooding of urban industrial territories: expert-analytical method
Authors: Куранов Н.П. , Тимофеева Е.А.
Published: November 2021

Изложены основные положения экспертно-аналитического метода оценки риска опасных процессов, который лег в основу разработки ряда методических рекомендаций и государственных стандартов. На базе этого метода предложена методика оценки безопасности и риска одного из опасных природно-техногенных процессов – подтопление градопромышленных территорий. Указаны основные факторы вредного воздействия этого процесса на объекты, находящиеся на таких территориях. Показано, как риски и ущербы от подтопления градопромышленных территорий могут оцениваться на основе общего методологического подхода к оценке рисков от опасных техноприродных процессов. В результате получены критерии безопасности и риска от подтопления и разработан механизм оценки риска от подтопления. Выявлены особенности выполнения оценок риска от подтопления градопромышленных территорий на федеральном, региональном и локальном уровнях.

The main provisions of the expert-analytical method for assessing the risk of hazardous processes are stated; the method formed the basis for the development of a number of methodological recommendations and state standards. On the basis of this method, a technique is proposed for assessing the safety and risk of one of the dangerous natural-technogenic processes – flooding of urban industrial territories. The main factors of the harmful impact of this process on the structures located in such territories are indicated. It is shown how risks and damages from flooding of urban industrial territories can be estimated on the basis of the general methodological approach to assessing risks from hazardous techno-natural processes. As a result, criteria for safety and risk of flooding were obtained and a mechanism for assessing the risk of flooding was developed. The features of the assessment of the risk from flooding of urban industrial territories at the federal, regional and local levels are revealed.