bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Description of software for an automated control system for the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment
Authors: Gorovoy V O , Kondrat’ev V V , Kolosov A D , Kononenko R V , Konyukhov V Yu
Published: November 2020

The software description of the automated system for controlling the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment was carried out as part of a project to create a comprehensive resource-saving technology and organize high-tech production of carbon and silicon dioxide nanostructures to improve the properties of building and structural materials. The description of the software hardware complex consists of a description of its structure, a description of the software parts and their functions, methods and software development tools, the selected operating system, and tools that expand the capabilities of the application operating system. The composition and structure of software support the requirements of technical, informational and mathematical software.
Information system model for implementation and maintenance of stochastic control over a nonlinear object on manifolds
Authors: Kolesnikova S I
Published: November 2020

The paper presents a problem statement for a robust stochastic regulator synthesis based on the principles of control on manifolds, a solution algorithm of a new information system and its structure maintaining the synthesis algorithm for a stochastic discrete object. The object under study is presented as a system of stochastic, difference nonlinear equations. The mathematical tools of the classical method of analytical design of aggregated regulators are used, which were developed earlier for a deterministic nonlinear object with a complete description. The robust stochastic nonlinear regulator ensures the following characteristics of the control system: a) minimum deviation of the output variable; b) minimum dispersion of the target invariant; c) minimum average value of the control quality functional.
Description of the complex of technical means of an automated control system for the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment
Authors: Kondrat’ev V V , Gorovoy V O , Kolosov A D , Kononenko R V , Konyukhov V Yu
Published: November 2020

The description of the complex of technical means of the automated system for controlling the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment was carried out as part of the project to create a comprehensive resource-saving technology and the organization of high-tech production of carbon and silicon dioxide nanostructures to improve the properties of building and structural materials. The description of the complex of technical means was made taking into account the justification for choosing the structure of the complex of technical means, the description of its functioning, the main decisions on the placement of technical means, the rationale for the application and technical requirements for equipment, as well as the justification of methods for protecting technical means. Computer equipment and data transmission equipment were selected. The described set of technical means is necessary and sufficient to achieve the goal of creating an automated control system for the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment, namely, to carry out continuous technological control of the equipment and process parameters of the automated process control system of the thermal vortex enrichment technological process; process safety in the production of MD1; collection of data on technological processes and equipment operation, their processing, display and documentation; optimization of the technological process through the use of advanced visualization tools, modern management algorithms and analysis of accumulated technological information; minimize the impact of human factors on the processes of collecting and processing information about the technological process; automatic prevention of the development of emergency situations.
Control properties of steel by using subminiature eddy current transducers
Authors: Malikov V , Fadeev D , Katasonov A , Dmitriev S , Ishkov A
Published: November 2020

In the course of study, various properties of materials were determined using the developed measuring system. The study was conducted on pipes made of high-strength steel 08G2B, the strength category of which belongs to the K65 group. The type of high-strength steel 08G2B belongs to the category of steel with an ultralow carbon content, which makes it possible to study the properties of this material using the eddy current method. A miniature eddy current probe was used for the study. The probe consisted of a core and three coils. The core material is alloy 81NMA. The main parameter of the measurement system, which provides basic information about the object of control, is the signal given by the measuring coil of the eddy current probe. The study was based on samples with integrity defects such as cracks and holes. Besides, the results of the study simulating corrosion in the metal are described.
Electrical asymmetry level influence on quality attributes of an induction motor
Authors: Lavrenov E O , Temlyakova Z S , Vilberger M E , Toporkov D M , Temlyakov A A
Published: November 2020

The paper is devoted to the evaluation of rotor phase asymmetry level on induction motor operation quality. The problems and characteristic features of an induction motor asymmetric modes modeling, taking into account the saturation of the magnetic circuit are reflected. The modification of the classic mathematical model for currents and torque calculating in conditions of rotor circuit asymmetry is presented, and the results of numerical simulation of this mode are shown. Analysis of the distinctive features of the selected mode compared to the symmetric mode of an induction motor is performed.
Effective energy in the volume of an electromagnetic motor with a given configuration of the magnetic circuit
Authors: Neyman V Yu
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses the problem of generation of maximum energy in the volume of a linear electromagnetic motor with a given configuration of its magnetic circuit. It presents the relation between the energy generated in the motor volume and the linear motor dimensions, maximum induction in the operating air gap, constructive factor and the magnetic field forcing degree during the movement of the core. It is shown that the maximum energy in the motor volume significantly depends on the magnetic field induction and the magnetic field forcing degree. The example of calculation of the maximum energy in the volume of the electromagnetic motor with the moving core is considered for different degrees of the magnetic field forcing.
Industrial robot Ural 1 for the oil and gas industry
Authors: Zainagalina L Z , Mamedov B Kh , Ilyasov A A
Published: November 2020

Ural industrial robots have been developed for diagnosing oil and gas pipelines and inspecting reservoirs. The developed industrial robot is designed to collect information on remote objects of the oil and gas industry in difficult geographical conditions using sensors for various purposes. Monitoring the condition of pipelines and examining oil reservoirs for the presence of hydrogen sulfide without the direct involvement of a person will improve the safety of these operations and reduce the cost of their implementation. The article describes the design features, technical characteristics and main advantages of the developed industrial robots with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
Consistent location of seismic reflection pulse sources
Authors: Rabinovich E V , Turkin A S , Filipenko N Y , Shefel G S
Published: November 2020

The original algorithm for constructing seismic images using only unambiguous and structurally stable solutions of direct kinematic seismic problems is proposed in the article. The sequence of small linear boundary line sections obtained by the consistent location of several closely located seismic reflection sources is smoothed out to construct the reflecting interfaces of medium depth profile. The consistent location has many advantages compared to well-known seismic imaging technologies.
Design algorithm for a transport power supply device
Authors: Kuznetsov S M , Arshinov S A , Daudov I M
Published: November 2020

The article considers the synthesis of an algorithm for designing traction substations for electric transport, which takes into account such a complex issue as the reconstruction of existing traction substations. In addition, special attention is paid to the issues of deployment of traction substations when increasing power supply or extending existing lines, for example, urban transport.
Simulation the operation of a combined-cycle gas turbine unit with an after burning device in a waste-heat recovery boiler
Authors: Mendeleev D I , Marin G E , Akhmetshin A R
Published: November 2020

One of the directions in the development of energy is the study and implementation of combined cycle plants. It is possible to solve a wide range of design and operation problems using mathematical models. A steam-gas power unit based on a GE 6FA gas-turbine unit was studied in this work. In this case, we considered a modernized thermal circuit with an afterburner. In this paper, we consider the method of parametric identification of a mathematical model of a gas turbine in a steady state. The steady-state is taken equal to 80 MW. The difficulty of creating mathematical models of combined-cycle power units is the organization of the computational process. Schematically, the structure of a mathematical model can be represented as a hierarchical set of software modules. The upper-level modules, based on the input data, organize a computational process that includes the organization of calls in the required sequence to the lower level modules in order to form a system of equations that determine the conditions for the combined operation of a combined cycle gas turbine unit. Dependences of changes in the main energy characteristics of a combined cycle plant are shown. Studies have shown the feasibility of using afterburning devices in the cycle of a combined cycle plant.
Internet technologies in medical projects’ funding
Authors: Ryzhkova M V , Gimrikh K N
Published: November 2020

In modern society, it is difficult to imagine a scope of activity that would not be associated with Internet technologies. They provide opportunities not only to activate the information resources of society, but also to organize information interaction between people, that certainly helps in promotion of scientific projects cost-effectively. However, it is often the case that many projects, ideas and research programs remain at the development stage. Initially it is very important to determine what exactly are the final goal and the main advantage of the project. Only then, after defining the specific tasks it will be possible to identify stakeholders who can bring funding in the project. In the article we analyze different ways of search for funding of medical projects like crowdfunding, investment funds, and government resources. The problems of the use of crowdfunding in fundraising for medical and clinical research are analyzed. We came to two conclusions. Firstly we suggest inviting graduates who specialize in innovation promotion in this process and reveal some benefits for both students and scientists/business. Secondly, we propose the concept of digital services connection, which can make crowdfunding of medical research a safe and effective means of developing domestic medicine.
Analysis of the influence of the installation of a dishwashing machine on household energy sources consumption in urban power supply systems
Authors: Shvedov G V , Voronkov D A , Myasnikova E M , Demidenko A S , Kudelina S A
Published: November 2020

The subject of the research is the interconnection between the installation of a dishwashing machine in a household and the change in consumption of such primary resources as electric energy, cold and hot water. Applicability of this research is defined by the high growth of various electric appliances in the households, and the dishwashing machine has one of the highest tempos of the increase over the last decade. The results of this research allow esteeming the future change in the structure of consumption of energy sources by the households in terms of mass implantation of dishwashing machines in our daily life. Several methods of estimation have been reviewed of how the installation of the dishwashing machine impacts on energy sources consumption in the household. Mathematical descriptions and the rationale for the statistical data analysis methods of household energy sources consumption, which were used are explained. Based on the analysis of statistical data over 5 years before the installation of the dishwashing machine, the consumption of the sources is forecasted for the sixth year upon condition that there is still no dishwasher. At the beginning of the sixth year, the dishwashing machine was installed in the observed household. Forecasted values of household sources consumption for the sixth year have been compared with actual values which were obtained after installation of the dishwasher in the household.
The basic principles of creating an information model in PDM-systems as a means of vessel lifecycle management
Authors: Dushko VR , Nesin D U , Tihonchuk A V
Published: November 2020

This article focuses on approaches based on shipbuilding simulation such as digital shipbuilding, simulation-based design, and virtual shipyard. The approaches to the construction of the lifecycle Electronic Information Model of a Ship (EMIS) for the vessel design and construction are considered. The principle of creating an electronic information model as a basis for a vessel’s lifecycle is considered. The necessary initial technical requirements for the of an electronic information model creation are discussed. In the process of creating an electronic information model of shipbuilding products at all lifecycle stages, a concept of the information model of the product was developed. Analysis of the tools (software) that are currently on the world market was carried out by the authors to implement the above concept of creating the information model. The expert analysis indicates importance of selection of the EIMC structure type before initiation of implementing the lifecycle of a particular ship, provided that PLM systems are used.
Factory subclasses relevant to Industry 4.0 challenges
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O
Published: November 2020

The practical probation results of the different future factories options innovative business strategies created today sufficient conditions to form the industrial companies second echelon (subclasses). Some future factories subclasses families are proposed and based on the business company models differentiation. There are varieties of services, sharing, system and study factories as the smart factory subclasses. There are varieties of open, pilot, creative and framework factories as the digital factory subclasses. There are varieties of cluster, client, route and recycling factories as the virtual factory subclasses. There is a similar scheme for all subclasses types of families. All factories subclasses are additionally grouped in the speciality of their business strategies. In essence, the satisfaction of customized consumer requirements or manufacturer market trading offers provision, which is equally actual for Industry 4.0.
Tools for business processes simulation in rocket and space industry
Authors: Kukartsev A V , Kukartsev V V , Tynchenko V S , Cherepanov A I , Kurashkin S O
Published: November 2020

The article presents a set of tools for improving the system of enterprise business processes using computer-modeling methods. The widespread functional approach to management, based on the old paradigm, in recent decades, has ceased to correspond to the new economic conditions. The rocket and space industry enterprises entered the world market for high-tech products, and therefore the importance of effective methods for modeling business processes in a market economy determines not only the competitiveness of the organization but also often solves the issue of the survival of domestic enterprises in the conditions of fierce global competition.
Development of a modular interface of the computer support system for aircraft design
Authors: Borgest N M , Vlasov S A
Published: November 2020

The article summarizes the experience in the field of education of the designer’s aircraft with the support of modern information systems, programming languages, databases and knowledge. We consider the problem of interface design assistant job designer based on thesaurus of subject area. We present the existing type of the interface work of the designer and its possibilities. Further ways of development of the program, communication and interaction with the thesaurus of the subject area are considered. The conceptual description of the model of ontological support of the intelligent assistant of the robot designer is shown.
Modern virtual laboratory for aggregate and assembly works using VR technologies
Authors: Govorkov A S , Bozheeva T V , Lavrenteva M V
Published: November 2020

Today in the production sector all industries are trying to reduce costs while improving product quality. This is a quite ambitious purpose. However, current advances in technology provide such a necessary step towards making significant improvements in the standardization and general practice of complex processes. Making steps simpler, using different visual cues and a quality assurance system, a virtual reality system can provide greater flexibility in production without any additional risk of making mistakes. Its unique feature is the ability to simplify the diverse complex tasks associated with modern assembly and production processes, reduce risks and bring to life products that are part of the new 21st century.
Simulation-dynamic model of the details manufacturing process in the workshop
Authors: Baryshnikova O V , Kukartsev V A , Tynchenko V S , Kukartsev V V , Mymlikov V N , Dzhioeva N N
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the construction of the simulation-dynamic model of the manufacturing details process in the workshop. As part of the production process, the workshop prepares workpieces, performs processing operations and packaging of details, as well as controls defective workpieces during processing operations. The model is built, taking into account the percentage of defect probabilities during the operation. It also shows the work process of the enterprise workshop for 8 hours. A model management interface was created, which includes an input interface through which data is entered, as well as an output interface that allow seeing the results of the work done. On the grounds of the conducted experiments, conclusions were drawn regarding the available data, a comparison of the experimental results was carried out, as well as illustrating how the model visualizes changes in the manufacturing process of details in the workshop.
Seed pod formation and development in rose breeding
Authors: Fibrianty E , Kurniati R
Published: November 2020

Genetic variation of rose was obtained through conventional breeding. The successful rose breeding depends on the compatibility and incompatibility between parents. The objective of the study was to find some information about compatibility and incompatibility in rose crossing. Some varieties of roses, i.e., Mohana, Sexy Red, Valery, Black Magic, Cold water, Putri, Mega Putih, and Luna, were used as breeding materials. The Average of pod seed formation was about 11.66 until 13 days after crossing. The crossbreeding of Mohana and Luna was obtained for 11.66 days after crossing. It was the shortest time of seed pod formation among other varieties of crossbreeding roses. The total number of crossing was 266, in which 19 crossings were successfully producing seeds and fertile. Seed pod formation was taking time 104 until 131 days after crossing. The failure of seed pod formation in rose might because of crossing incompatibility, in which it appeared on 55 – 106 days after crossing.
Shading tolerance of some rice genotypes under the artificial shade net
Authors: Lestari A P , Hairmansis A , Mulyaningsih E S , Sulistyowati Y
Published: November 2020

Deficit light led to the reduction of photosynthesis and carbohydrate synthesis for upland rice plants in the plantation area. This experiment aimed to screen some germplasm rice shade-tolerant levels, local rice varieties, and high yielding rice and promising lines further generations. The experiment was conducted at Muara Experimental Farm, Bogor starting in April 2017. A total of ± 200 rice lines and comparative varieties, i.e, Jatiluhur, Rindang 1, Rindang 2, IR64, Inpago 5, and Kalimutu, were tested below paranet ± 60% light interception and without shading as control. The augmented design was used as an experiment design with four replications for the check varieties. Result showed that light intensity affected the growth and development of plant rice lines. There were 23 lines detected as tolerant and 11 lines as moderate of 200 tested lines. The plant height in shade and control areas was not different, whereas the number of tillers in gogo shade had a much less amount than in control treatment. The flowering phase at shade caused a decrease in the formation rate of the flowering phase in rice lines. Therefore, the flowering age became longer without shade. Leaf chlorophyll content of lines in the shade treatment was lower than in control.
The potential of using agricultural waste: Corn husk for particleboard raw material
Authors: Prasetiyo K W , Zalukhu L , Astari L , Sudarmanto  , Akbar F , Hermawan D
Published: November 2020

The development of manufactured particleboard using non-wood raw materials has been significant due to the decrease of wood as the main raw material for the particleboard industry. In this study, corn husk, an agricultural waste, was used for experimental manufacturing of particleboard bonded with natural and synthetic adhesives. The influence of adhesive types and concentration on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were investigated. The synthetic adhesive types used were urea-formaldehyde (UF) and phenol-formaldehyde (PF) with 8,10 and 12 wt% adhesive concentration. The natural adhesive used was citric acid with 15, 20, and 25 wt% adhesive concentration. The target density of particleboard was set at 0.80 g/cm3. The boards were manufactured at a pressing temperature of 130°C for UF, 150°C for PF and 200°C for citric acid, pressing time of 10 minutes, and 2.5 MPa for hot-pressing pressure. Generally, this study confirms that types of adhesive and adhesive concentrations influence the properties of particleboard. Results show that particleboard with citric acid adhesive has better physical and mechanical properties than particleboard bonded with UF and PF adhesives.
Tracking optimum temperature for germination and seedling characterization of three millet (Setaria italica) accessions
Authors: Setyowati N , Lestari P , Wawo A H
Published: November 2020

The research was conducted at the Plant Physiology Laboratory of Research Center for Biology LIPI. The study aimed to provide information about the prediction of millet plant distribution based on temperature for germination. The experiment was arranged based on factorial RCBD. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely accession (Polman, Gambirmanis, and Enggano) and germination temperature (10, 20, 30, and 40°C), with three replications. The seeds were germinated in Petri dish. Each millet accession had distinctive characters. The color of the de-husked grain affected the color of flour, influencing the quality of end-products. The grains color of Accession Polman was white, Gambirmanis had grey color, and Enggano seeds were yellowish. The optimum germination temperature for three millet accessions was: Polman seeds obtained optimum temperature at 40°C, Gambirmanis possessed optimum temperature at 20 – 30°C, and Enggano had the optimum temperature at 10°C. Millet seeds produced a high percentage of germination and the best in seedlings grown at optimum temperature. At this temperature, accession Polman had the best sprout performance overall. Millet seed germinated at the higher temperature (40°C) appeared to be seized, with a low growth rate, except for Polman. It is assumed that millet would be adapted well in the lowlands to highland based on its germination temperature requirement. However, this plant grew optimally in the lowlands with a germination temperature of 30 - 40°C. Conservation of millet species could be done through seed storage with low temperature and humidity.
Antibacterial activity of isolated compounds from the stem bark of Calophyllum euryphyllum
Authors: Abbas J , Minarti
Published: November 2020

Calophyllum euryphyllum Lauterb (Clusiacea family) has the potential as material for medical industries. To continue our drug discovery of the Indonesian plant, we chose C. euryphyllum species for antibacterial sources. Semi polar extract from C. euryphyllum was prepared and purified by column chromatographic methods and then identified by spectroscopic methods (LC-MS-MS, IR, UV, and 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR). The pure isolated compound was subjected to antibacterial activities by using E. coli. S.aureus, and B. subtilis. Semi polar fraction of C. euryphyllum showed the antibacterial activity against E. coli. S.aureus and B.subtilis with MIC about 2.05%, 2.82%, 1.54% for E. coli. S.aureus and B.subtilis, respectively. One compound was isolated from the semi-polar fraction of the stem bark C. euryphyllum. It was identified as a triterpene (with molecular weight 438), a colorless crystal with a melting point was 133-134 °C, and the molecular formula was C30H46O2.
The effects of FeCl3 concentration on hydrothermal pretreatment of oil palm fronds to enhance reducing sugar production
Authors: Nurwahdah  , Rodiansono  , Kamari A , Abdullah R , Sunardi
Published: November 2020

The effects of FeCl3 concentration on hydrothermal pretreatment of oil palm fronds (OPF) to enhance reducing sugar production have been systematically investigated for the first time. The hydrothermal pretreatment was carried out in autoclave reactor with Teflon at 190 °C for 30 min with various FeCl3 concentrations of 0.075; 0.150; and 0.225 M. The residue from hydrothermal pretreatment (then noted as a substrate) was hydrolyzed by the enzyme (Cellulase Onozuka RS) in water bath shaker at 50 °C for 48 h. The amount of reducing sugar was analyzed by DNS (dinitrosalicylic acid) method using UV-visible spectroscopy. The reduced mass of substrate, change of color, alteration of pH of filtrate, and functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated the decomposition of OPF structures. The highest reducing sugar (3.800 g/L) of the substrate was obtained when the concentration of 0.225 M was used, which was higher than the pretreatment without FeCl3 added (2.673 g/L). Overall, our study concludes that the hydrothermal pretreatment assisted by FeCl3 can catalyze the decomposition of OPF structures to give the enzymes accessibility and enhance the reducing sugar production.
Essential improvement of non-timber forest products in Myanmar
Authors: Thantsin K , San K A A , Aye Y Y
Published: November 2020

Non-timber forest products were studied by interviewing the informants during the survey trip to the Tanintharyi Nature Reserve located in Dawei Township and Yephyu Township, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar. The land area of the reserve forest is 1700 km2. Bioprospecting of non-timber forest products focusing on rural area development and systematic utilization of natural resources for sustainable development are popular nowadays. The extraction of economically important natural resources, leaving the forest structurally and functionally intact, has derived as an advanced strategy. The present study is the information of non-timber forest resources of Tanintharyi Nature Reserve located in the southern part of Myanmar, conducted from December 2017 to August 2018 by interviewing the informants of botanical folk knowledge. Totally 55 families, 113 genera, and 143 species were recorded as herbal medicines used locally by Dawei and Myeik (ancient Bamar) ethnic groups. This result will be helpful for the systematic search of biochemical and genetic information to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and cosmetics.
A preliminary study on the population and habitat of saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) in Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Saragih G S , Kayat  , Hidayatullah M , Hadi D S
Published: November 2020

The information on the population size and habitat condition of the Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) in East Nusa Tenggara is unavailable. The present paper discusses preliminary data on population and habitat characteristics of the Saltwater crocodile in three conservation areas in Timor island, namely Teluk Kupang Marine Nature Tourism Park, Menipo Nature Tourism Park, and Maubesi Mangrove Forest Nature Reserve. Spotlight surveys and vegetation analyses were carried out in each location. The crocodile encounter rate was calculated as individuals detected per km surveyed. The encounter rates in Teluk Kupang, Menipo, and Maubesi were 0.3 crocodiles/km, 0.4 crocodiles/km, and 0.6 crocodiles/km, respectively. Hatchlings, juveniles, and adult saltwater crocodiles were found in Maubesi, and only hatchlings were found in Menipo. Hatchlings were found in paddy fields, and adults were found in mangroves, estuaries, and rivers. Mangrove densities in Teluk Kupang, Menipo, and Maubesi were 127 trees/ha, 124 trees/ha, and 186 trees/ha, respectively. These are the first systematic surveys in the areas studied, and additional work is needed to characterize the population and habitat of the saltwater crocodile in East Nusa Tenggara.
Morphological characterization of local durian of Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Yursak Z , Amanda U D , Widiyastuti D , Susilawati P N
Published: November 2020

Durian (Duriozibethinus) is an exotic fruit with relatively advanced varietal improvement prospects. Indonesia is one of the countries with high durian diversity, one of which is located in Banten Province. This study aims to determine the diversity and relationships of several local durians in Pandeglang and Lebak Regencies of Banten Province based on the morphological characters of leaves, flowers, and fruit. The durian samples were obtained by purposive sampling and interview methods. The morphological characterization was carried out according to the guidelines of the “Bioversity International” including the description of stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. After the characterization, scoring, standardization, and similarity index (IS) were calculated between samples. Cluster analysis was carried out using Cluster Observation with Ntsys 2.0 software. The analysis was conducted on 50 characters in 20 local durian accessions. The results showed that the clustering analysis was divided into three clusters with a similarity coefficient of 0.64. Group I consisted of SangkanWangi 2. Group II consisted of Hauk, Ketan Jaya, Grinsing, Sikucing, Kadu Katung, Jangkung, Sibening, Siradio, Siceer, Sipedang, Sikempong, Sicayut, and Sijabrig. Meanwhile, Group III consisted of Siemas, Baranjang, Kaduhejo, Kadukuning, Sangkan Wangi 1, and Sibening.
Polymer nanocomposite prepared using copper oxide nanoparticles derived from Sterculia foetida leaf extract with biological applications
Authors: Subashini K , Prakash S , Sujatha V
Published: November 2020

The new hydrogel network was prepared by using glutaric acid, ethylene glycol and acrylic acid (GEA) through condensation polymerization without cross linker and it was fabricated by incorporation of green synthesized CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs). The CuO NPs were synthesized by green route using Sterculia foetida leaf aqueous extract. Green synthesized CuO NPs were incorporated with GEA hydrogel resultant the GEA-CuO nanocomposite. The formation of green synthesized CuO NPs and GEA-CuO nanocomposite was confirmed by UV-Visible and FT-IR spectrum. The structure of GEA hydrogel was determined by 1H and 13C NMR technique. Morphology of synthesized GEA hydrogel and GEA-CuO nanocomposite was observed as bulged layer and uneven plates with cavities in SEM analysis, moreover the size of the material was evaluated by TEM analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis has revealed the GEA-CuO nanocomposite owing significantly higher thermal stability than raw GEA hydrogel. However, biological effect of synthesized GEA hydrogel and GEA-CuO nanocomposite was scrutinized by antibacterial activity against selected bacterial organisms and anticancer activity against lung cancer cell line A549.
Investigation into electrochemical performance of NiO/graphene composite nanofibers synthesized by a simple method as anode materials for high-performance lithium ion batteries
Authors: Yuan Baige , Li Jun , Xia Manman , Zhang Ying , Lei Ruyan , Zhao Peng , Li Xiao
Published: November 2020

The NiO/graphene (NiO/G) composite nanofibers were successfully synthesized by simple electrospinning followed by heat treatment. They as anode materials for lithium ion batteries demonstrated the more outstanding electrochemical performance when compared with the NiO + Ni composite nanofibers as the reference. NiO/G exhibited a higher discharging/charging capacity (about 712 mAh·g−1 at the third cycle) with a coulombic efficiency of nearly 100% than NiO + Ni (547 mAh·g−1). NiO/G also demonstrated the excellent cycling stability due to its higher discharging capacity of 571 mAh·g−1 and retention rate of 78% than NiO + Ni (184 mAh·g−1 and 33%) when subject to 50 cycles at 100 mA·g−1. Moreover, its rate performance was also greatly improved when compared with NiO + Ni owing to its higher discharging capacity (305 mAh·g−1, 556 mAh·g−1) and retention rate (44%, 80%) at the current density increased from 100 mA·g−1 to 2000 mA·g−1, and then recovered to 100 mA·g−1. The outstanding electrochemical performance of the NiO/G electrode is closely related to its lower ohmic resistance (2.1 Ω)/charge transfer resistance (86.5 Ω), and stronger diffusion capability of Li+ resulting from the high specific surface area, excellent conductivity and a certain charge storage capacity of graphene.
Type-II band alignment in single crystalline TiO2 nanowires under twisting
Authors: Liu Zhao , Zhang Dong-Bo
Published: November 2020

Electronic structures with the type-II band alignment usually exist only in heterostructures. Using the generalized Bloch theorem, we reveal that an effective type-II band alignment can be induced in the single crystalline TiO2 nanowires (NWs) by an axial twisting deformation. With this, we further reveal distinct responses of the the valence band (VB) states and the conduction band (CB) states in the radial dimension of the nanowire. Specifically, in the twisted NW, the VB states migrate from the NW core toward the NW shell while the CB states migrate from the NW shell toward the NW core. Our results pave a new way to realize the type-II band alignment in single crystalline NWs, which is critical for actual applications such as NW-based photovoltaic effect and photocatalytic effect. Further, the significant variation of the quantum states also illustrates the possibility to tune the electronic properties of TiO2 NWs by strain engineering.
The impact of process parameters on surface roughness and bushing in friction drilling
Authors: N Narayana Moorthy , Kanish T C
Published: November 2020

Friction drilling is considered a non-traditional hole making method in which the workpiece is penetrated by a conical rotating instrument and a bush is formed without producing chips in a single cycle. In the present work, using a CNC milling machine, the friction drilling process was carried out on Be-Cu C17200 plate material. The process parameters such as spindle speed and feed rate were performed over three levels of workpiece material thickness. Surface roughness, bush length, and the thrust force of the drilled holes were analysed following drilling. For optimal surface roughness and bush formation, it is noted that spindle speed and feed rate play a significant role in friction drilling. Higher feed rate and thrust force have a direct effect on greater roughness of the surface and increased bush length. Better bushing and surface roughness are given by an increase in spindle speed.
Science Fictionality and Post-65 Asian American Literature
Authors: Fan Christopher T
Published: November 2020

Since 1965, Asian American authors have been key mediators of science fictionality, defined as a postwar fantasy that associates endless, industrial-led economic expansion with racialized groups of upwardly mobile professionals. This status is a consequence of the occupational concentration of Asian immigrants into professional-managerial careers, especially in scientific and technical fields: a phenomenon that can be traced back to the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act. Reading Maxine Hong Kingston’s Woman Warrior (1976) along with the debut works of recent Chinese American women writers, including Ling Ma’s Severance (2018), this article describes a dialectic of science fictionality and post-65 Asian American literature in which the latter develops autopoetic tendencies that register occupational concentration in genre, theme, characterization, and trope. This reorientation of post-65 Asian American literary history to the material conditions of science fictionality, rather than ethnic self-expression, has implications not only for understanding that history but also for generalized periodizations of contemporary US literature like the “genre turn,” which risk eliding the specificity of minority literary histories.
Repair of Lower Eyelid Cicatricial Entropion With Midface Lift, Spacer Graft, and Drill-Hole Canthoplasty
Authors: Alghoul Mohammed S , Bricker Jonathan T
Published: November 2020

Postoperative cicatricial lower lid retraction is a challenging surgical problem that often disfigures the shape of the eye and has functional consequences. Depending on the severity, more than one surgical procedure may be needed to achieve the desired lower lid shape and position given the recurrent nature of scarring. Concepts of scar release, establishing lower lid vertical height, soft tissue replacement, and midcheek support are discussed in this video.
Prediction of bio-sequence modifications and the associations with diseases
Authors: Ao Chunyan , Yu Liang , Zou Quan
Published: November 2020

Modifications of protein, RNA and DNA play an important role in many biological processes and are related to some diseases. Therefore, accurate identification and comprehensive understanding of protein, RNA and DNA modification sites can promote research on disease treatment and prevention. With the development of sequencing technology, the number of known sequences has continued to increase. In the past decade, many computational tools that can be used to predict protein, RNA and DNA modification sites have been developed. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the modification site predictors for three different biological sequences and the association with diseases. The relevant web server is accessible at http://lab.malab.cn/∼acy/PTM_data/ some sample data on protein, RNA and DNA modification can be downloaded from that website.
Deep feature extraction of single-cell transcriptomes by generative adversarial network
Authors: Bahrami Mojtaba , Maitra Malosree , Nagy Corina , Turecki Gustavo , Rabiee Hamid R , Li Yue
Published: November 2020

Motivation

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers the opportunity to dissect heterogeneous cellular compositions and interrogate the cell-type-specific gene expression patterns across diverse conditions. However, batch effects such as laboratory conditions and individual-variability hinder their usage in cross-condition designs.

Results

Here, we present a single-cell Generative Adversarial Network (scGAN) to simultaneously acquire patterns from raw data while minimizing the confounding effect driven by technical artifacts or other factors inherent to the data. Specifically, scGAN models the data likelihood of the raw scRNA-seq counts by projecting each cell onto a latent embedding. Meanwhile, scGAN attempts to minimize the correlation between the latent embeddings and the batch labels across all cells. We demonstrate scGAN on three public scRNA-seq datasets and show that our method confers superior performance over the state-of-the-art methods in forming clusters of known cell types and identifying known psychiatric genes that are associated with major depressive disorder.

Availabilityand implementation

The scGAN code and the information for the public scRNA-seq datasets are available at https://github.com/li-lab-mcgill/singlecell-deepfeature.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The New Contract Law in the Chinese Civil Code
Authors: Ling Bing
Published: November 2020

China’s new Civil Code, adopted in May 2020, includes a Book on contract law that brought about major developments in this important area of law. A full translation of the Book is presented, with an introductory essay reviewing some of the most significant issues that have emerged in the decade-long drafting of the new law. Various unresolved controversies foreshadow further debates and reform of the law in the future.
Genome-Wide Epigenetic Signatures of Adaptive Developmental Plasticity in the Andes
Authors: Childebayeva Ainash , Goodrich Jaclyn M , Leon-Velarde Fabiola , Rivera-Chira Maria , Kiyamu Melisa , Brutsaert Tom D , Dolinoy Dana C , Bigham Abigail W
Published: November 2020

High-altitude adaptation is a classic example of natural selection operating on the human genome. Physiological and genetic adaptations have been documented in populations with a history of living at high altitude. However, the role of epigenetic gene regulation, including DNA methylation, in high-altitude adaptation is not well understood. We performed an epigenome-wide DNA methylation association study based on whole blood from 113 Peruvian Quechua with differential lifetime exposures to high altitude (>2,500) and recruited based on a migrant study design. We identified two significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and 62 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with high-altitude developmental and lifelong exposure statuses. DMPs and DMRs were found in genes associated with hypoxia-inducible factor pathway, red blood cell production, blood pressure, and others. DMPs and DMRs associated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide also were identified. We found a significant association between EPAS1 methylation and EPAS1 SNP genotypes, suggesting that local genetic variation influences patterns of methylation. Our findings demonstrate that DNA methylation is associated with early developmental and lifelong high-altitude exposures among Peruvian Quechua as well as altitude-adaptive phenotypes. Together these findings suggest that epigenetic mechanisms might be involved in adaptive developmental plasticity to high altitude. Moreover, we show that local genetic variation is associated with DNA methylation levels, suggesting that methylation associated SNPs could be a potential avenue for research on genetic adaptation to hypoxia in Andeans.
Sacrum imperium: Lombard Influence and the ‘Sacralization of the State’ in the Mid-twelfth Century Holy Roman Empire (1125–1167)
Authors: Sulovsky Vedran
Published: November 2020

Sacrum imperium (literally: holy empire) is a Latin phrase that entered the chancery of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa (1152–1190) in 1157. Sacrum imperium developed into the name of the Empire only much later, but scholars interpreted it as a programmatic phrase that Frederick and his chancellor, Rainald of Dassel, introduced as a part of their plan to ‘resacralize the state’ after its supposed desacralization by Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085) and the Empire’s defeat in the Investiture Controversy (1076–1122). In this article I show that sacrum imperium was introduced not by Frederick and Rainald but by a group of Italian courtiers who had developed a new political vocabulary based on that of Justinian’s Corpus iuris civilis and the contemporary Byzantine court language. I also demonstrate on the basis of Italian, Byzantine and papal sources that a desacralization of the state in 1122 never happened.
Connecting beamforming and kernel-based noise source inversion
Authors: Bowden Daniel C , Sager Korbinian , Fichtner Andreas , Chmiel Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

Beamforming and backprojection methods offer a data-driven approach to image noise sources, but provide no opportunity to account for prior information or iterate through an inversion framework. In contrast, recent methods have been developed to locate ambient noise sources based on cross-correlations between stations and the construction of finite-frequency kernels, allowing for inversions over multiple iterations. These kernel-based approaches show great promise, both in mathematical rigour and in results, but are less physically intuitive and interpretable. Here we show that these apparently two different classes of methods, beamforming and kernel-based inversion, are achieving exactly the same result in certain circumstances. This paper begins with a description of a relatively simple beamforming or backprojection algorithm, and walks through a series of modifications or enhancements. By including a rigorously defined physical model for the distribution of noise sources and therefore synthetic correlation functions, we come to a framework resembling the kernel-based iterative approaches. Given the equivalence of these approaches, both communities can benefit from bridging the gap. For example, inversion frameworks can benefit from the numerous image enhancement tools developed by the beamforming community. Additionally, full-waveform inversion schemes that require a window selection for the comparisons of misfits can more effectively target particular sources through a windowing in a beamform slowness domain, or might directly use beamform heatmaps for the calculation of misfits. We discuss a number of such possibilities for the enhancement of both classes of methods, testing with synthetic models where possible.
A Boundary Estimate for Singular Sub-Critical Parabolic Equations
Authors: Gianazza Ugo , Liao Naian
Published: November 2020

We prove an estimate on the modulus of continuity at a boundary point of a cylindrical domain for local weak solutions to singular parabolic equations of $p$-Laplacian type, with $p$ in the sub-critical range $\big(1,\frac{2N}{N+1}\big]$. The estimate is given in terms of a Wiener-type integral, defined by a proper elliptic $p$-capacity.