bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT INVESTOR PEMULA UNTUK BERINVESTASI DI PASAR MODAL PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Driantama Iqbal , Kartika Kartika , Wardhaningrum Oktaviani Ari
Published: December 2022

Investments in the capital market are starting to be in demand, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is evidenced by the increasing number of investors due to the fact that during the COVID-19 pandemic, people have a desire to make profits in the midst of demands to reduce activities outside the home. This study aims to determine the effect of perceived returns, perceived risk, knowledge, and technological progress on the investment interest of novice investors at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Jember during the covid-19 pandemic. This type of research is quantitative research. The population of this research is the students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Jember who are active in the 2021/2022 academic year. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire is 100 data. The research method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of hypothesis testing using the T test prove that the perceived returns, risk perceptions, knowledge, and technological advances have a significant positive effect on the interest of novice investors to invest in the capital market during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: Investment Interest, Perception of Return, Perception of Risk, Knowledge, Technological Advancement
Determinan Penghindaran Pajak di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Empiris Perusahaan Jasa Keuangan dan Asuransi
Authors: Anah Isti , Hidayatulloh Amir
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence tax avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in financial services and insurance companies. The population of this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research sample is the financial services and insurance sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data used in this study amounted to 61 data. The data analysis of this research used multiple linear regression analysis. This study obtained the results that tax avoidance in financial services and insurance companies is influenced by profitability. However, it is not affected by leverage, firm size, and institutional ownership.Keywords: Tax Avoidance, Profitability, Leverage, Firm Size, Institutional Ownership
PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS E LUDICIDADE: uma conexão com a sala de aula
Authors: Guimarães Rafaela Sousa , Ferreira Lucia Gracia
Published: December 2022

A ludicidade que acreditamos e defendemos contribuir para as práticas pedagógicas, significamente, é aquela que se configura como inteireza, vivenciada de maneira plena pelos sujeitos. Nesta perspectiva, esse estudo teve como objetivo apresentar as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas por professoras dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, discutindo se as mesmas são atravessadas pela ludicidade.  Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, realizada em Amargosa-Bahia, tendo como participantes quatro professoras da rede municipal deste município. Para produção dos dados, optou-se pelas entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas individualmente e exploradas a partir da análise de conteúdo. Assim, ficou evidenciado que a ludicidade sobressai nas práticas pedagógicas como recurso didático, modificando de maneira tímida os modos do fazer docente já que é tomada muito como jogos, brincadeiras e outros artefatos que são utilizados no processo de ensinar-aprender os conteúdos. Desse modo, a ludicidade como plenitude pouco atravessa as práticas das professoras mencionadas.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PENYEBARAN BERITA HOAX COVID-19 MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Jeslin Eka Putri Bella Alberta
Published: December 2022

In the dissemination of news and information, not all of them can be justified or what is usually referred to as a hoax. Hoax is information that is engineered with the aim of covering up real information and filling social media with wrong information to cover up real information, in other words, hoaxes are defined as a way to distort facts by using information that is convincing but cannot be done. One of the hoaxes that is currently always a public concern in Indonesia is hoax news about Covid-19. A lot of information about covid-19 that is disseminated through social media can be accepted by almost all people and this information cannot be justified or is in uncertainty. it can cause panic and psychological pressure or can even lead to misunderstanding between communities and governments. For those who spread hoax news about Covid-19, it is also difficult to overcome. Criminal law enforcement related to the spread of covid-19 hoax news is regulated in Law 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. The perpetrators of spreading hoaxes related to covid19 and others with fines of up to 1 billion. This is what the government needs to pay attention to in an effort to deal with all hoax news that has circulated widely in the community.
PERWUJUDAN NIALAI-NILAI DALAM KELEMBAGAAN NEGARA UNTUK MEMBENTUK PERATURAN
Authors: Noerdin Watoni
Published: December 2022

Formation of the legislation is a requirement in the development of national law which can only be achieved if supported by a good method, which is binding on all institutions authorized to make Regulations. Indonesia is a country that has a legal obligation to carry out the development of a good national law, which is done in a planned, sustainable, and integrated into the national legal system. The concept of the establishment of laws and regulations in Indonesia includes several concepts, namely the concept of the establishment of legislation must be in accordance with State law concept of Pancasila. In addition, the concept of the establishment of legislation that either must prioritize the protection of Human Rights. The concept of the establishment of legislation that both must put forward the principle of equality before the law. The concept of the establishment of legislation that either should be in accordance with the principles of the formation of legislation predetermined by law. Henceforth, the concept of the establishment of law established by legal authority, elected by the people in a democracy.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN TINDAK PIDANA MENGEDARKAN HASIL PENGELOLAAN BENIH LOBSTER KELUAR WILAYAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Dian Fitriyani Erlina B Okta Ainita
Published: December 2022

Tindakan mengedarkan benih lobster keluar wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia masuk dalam kategori penyelundupan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah Apakah faktor terjadinya tindak pidana mengedarkan hasil pengelolaan benih lobster ke luar wilayah Republik Indonesia berdasarkan putusan Nomor 731/Pid.B/LH/2019/PN.Tjk, Bagaimana pertanggungjawaban terhadap tindak pidana mengedarkan hasil pengelolaan benih lobster ke luar wilayah Republik Indonesia berdasarkan putusan Nomor 731/Pid.B/LH/2019/PN.Tjk. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah,pendekatan Yuridis Normatif dan pendekatan Empiris. Prosedur pengumpulan data terdiri dari studi kepustakaan (Library Research) dan studi lapangan (Field Research). Sedangkan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode editing, sistematisasi, dan klasifikasi data. Analisis yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian faktor terjadinya tindak pidana mengedarkan hasil pengelolaan benih lobster didasari pada faktor internal pelaku tidak mengetahui larangan mengedarkan benih lobster dan faktor eksternal didasari atas ekonomi. Kemudian pertanggungjawaban terhadap pelaku tindak pidana mengedarkan hasil pengelolaan pelaku divonis berdasarkan Pasal 88 juncto Pasal 16 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 31 tahun 2004 sebagaimana yang telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 45 tahun 2009 tentang Perikanan dengan pidana penjara selama 10 (sepuluh) bulan dan hukuman denda sebesar Rp.25.000.000,- (Dua puluh lima juta rupiah). Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah, Pemerintah harus menyediakan lapangan pekerjaan untuk menggantikan sumber mata pencaharian masyarakat. Kemudian direkomendasikan kepada penegak hukum untuk melakukan upaya prefentif atau pencegahan.
PERTIMBANGAN HUKUM DITERIMANYA PENGAJUAN PRAPERADILAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PROYEK JALAN DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR
Authors: Zainudin Hasan Sonia Citra Lestari,
Published: December 2022

Pretrial as a guarantee for anyone who is negligence or intentional from the attitude of law enforcement, if law enforcers are negligent in carrying out their duties, the suspect has the right to file a pretrial. This study discusses how the process of investigating criminal acts of corruption, how the procedure for filing a pretrial against perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption, how the judge's consideration in imposing pretrial decisions against perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption. This study uses a normative and empirical juridical approach. Collecting data by field studies and literature studies. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative juridical manner, namely the analysis was carried out descriptively. This pretrial institution aims to protect the suspect's human rights as regulated in the Criminal Procedure Code.
PENGEMBALIAN ASET PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA PADA HUKUM NASIONAL INDONESIA
Authors: Cholfia Aldamia Refi Meidiantama
Published: December 2022

Korupsi sebagai kejahatan luar biasa mendorong setiap negara untuk menanganinya dengan tindakan-tindakan yang luar biasa pula. Korupsi mengakibatkan efek domino bagi sistem pembagunan sebuah negara. Untuk menyelamatkan negara dari penurunan kesejahteraan, terdapat kecenderungan global yang ditunjukkan dengan maraknya penerapan sita hasil tindak pidana (asset recovery). Hukum internasional menganggap korupsi sebagai salah satu tindak pidana yang dapat dilakukan secara lintas batas, dan karena itu harus diatur dalam Hukum Internasional. Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) menetapkan instrumen pemberantasan korupsi pada tahun 2003 yaitu United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) sebagai pedoman bagi negara-negara anggota PBB yang memiliki komitmen dalam mencegah dan memberantas tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan lebih lanjut terkait sejauh mana hukum internasional mengatur pengembalia aset dan implementasinya dalam hukum Indonesia. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum internasional mengatur pengembalian aset pada Pasal 51 UNCAC dan hukum Indonesia memuat ketentuan ini dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang PemberantasanTindak Pidana Korupsi. Namun undang-undang saat ini masih menitikberatkan pada pemenjaraan terhadap pelaku daripada pengembalian aset negara yang hilang akibat korupsi, padahal sebenarnya tujuan utama pemberantasan korupsi adalah pengembalian aset yang hilang untuk dikembalikan kepada negara.
DISORGANISASI PENERAPAN PSBB DI DKI JAKARTA SEBAGAI REFLEKSI KOMPLEKSITAS RELASI PEMERINTAH PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA DAN PEMERINTAH PUSAT
Authors: Rafi Aquary Faiz Rafiza Ahmadani
Published: December 2022

Large-scale social restrictions or PSBB have brought up immense multidimensional effects within the Indonesian political landscape. One of the things which could be dissected from this regard would be in the governance system. In this sense, one might take a look at the current management of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Province of Special Capital Region of Jakarta. In this province, the Indonesian central government has often „collided‟ with the province‟s regional government; which ranging from issues such as social assistance, transportation, economic, and also law enforcement. The impact of such „skirmish‟ has taken its toll on all of the city‟s residents; but most importantly hit it the hardest for the city‟s poorest and most vulnerable group. With this in mind, the goal of this paper is to broaden the knowledge within the issue of pandemic management, especially within the Indonesian context. Besides, it also strives to find out several recommendations which should be taken by the government in order to „solve‟ this issue as comprehensively as possible.
A temporal method to resolving conflicts between acts of legislation
Authors: Bernaziuk Ya.
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the essence and content of the temporal approach to resolving conflicts between legislative acts. An analysis of judicial practice in the field of application of the temporal approach to conflict resolution in legislation was conducted and problematic aspects in this field were identified.

The author substantiated that one of the debatable issues in this context is the question of the ratio of legal force of codes and laws, which is due to the fact that both types of normative legal acts are adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, and therefore, on this basis, codes and laws have the same legal force. It has been found that the essence of the temporal approach to overcoming the conflict between acts of the same legal force is to give priority to the provisions of the later adopted act. It is proved that the temporal approach to the resolution of the conflict between acts of the same legal force is based mainly on the provisions of Art. 58 of the Constitution of Ukraine on the irreversibility of the law in time.

It is argued that in the aspect of applying a temporal approach to the resolution of a conflict between acts of the same legal force, it is important to resolve the issue of the legal consequences of the adoption by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine of decisions that recognize unconstitutional norms, in the context of the impact of these decisions on the further regulation of relevant legal relations. It has been proven that the court should apply the normative legal act that entered into force and remains in force at the time of the emergence and termination of the relevant disputed legal relationship during the consideration of the case. It is substantiated that recognition of a regulatory act as having lost its validity or its cancellation does not renew the effect of the acts that were canceled by it or recognized as having lost their validity.

On the basis of the analysis of the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, it was determined that the recognition as unconstitutional of certain provisions of the law, on the basis of which the previous norms became invalid, does not lead to the "automatic" renewal of the validity of this previous norm.
Tax benefits as a factor of threat to Ukraine's tax security in the context of losses of income part of local budgets
Authors: Kolomiiets P.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of tax benefits as factors of threat to the tax security of Ukraine in the context of losses of revenue part of local budgets. The military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has exacerbated the problem, which is due to the existence of an urgent need to develop a modern strategy of state financial and tax policy of Ukraine, which would correspond to the realities of today in ensuring national interests in the field of taxation and contributing to the realization of the goals of balanced financial and economic development, as well as in the field of tax safety in the face of financial decentralization. The war gave impetus to read, consider, interpret, and finally understand the text of the Tax Code of Ukraine in the context of the modern fracture, which occurred in the justice of the Ukrainian community, and therefore it was time to rethink the current tax legislation. Reading this Code, which has more than a 10-year experience of its existence and the 172 edition of its legal norms, it seems that its normative provisions seemed to be stuck in the Soviet mentality of paternalism. Among the main inappropriate features of this marker, especially in line with the Law of Ukraine dated 21.04.2022 No. 2215-IX, are tax benefits, which in the conditions of martial law and post-war restoration become a significant factor that threatens the tax security of Ukraine, After all, they are losses of revenue part of local budgets. In this article, the author substantiates that in the context of martial law and post -war restoration of Ukraine, the tax benefit does not contribute and will not contribute to the balance of budgets and maximizing tax revenues, and the tax benefit, as a factor of loss in the establishment of tax, since the application of tax benefits violates the principles of generality of taxation; equality of all payers before the law; fiscal sufficiency, neutrality of taxation and balance of budget.
Legal regulation registration of human genomic information: international and domestic experience
Authors: Legka O.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the main regulatory and legal documents that regulate the issue of legal regulation of the state registration of human genomic information in Ukraine. It has been established that the functioning of the database of human genomic information in Ukraine is currently regulated by the Instruction on the Organization of the Operation of Forensic Records of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine dated September 10, 2009 No. 390. However, the sources of the formation of records of genetic characteristics defined by this Instruction do not provide an opportunity to effectively use the tool of the database data for the identification of missing persons, etc., since it is possible to ensure the effectiveness of the method of molecular genetic research only in combination with the maintenance of an automated DNA database.

The relevance of the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On State Registration of Human Genomic Information" is substantiated, which defines the legal principles of processing and state registration of human genomic information in Ukraine. Its main purpose and specifics of application are clarified, and the problems in terms of legal uncertainty regarding its compliance with international standards of human rights compliance are identified. The issues related to the technical protection of the Electronic Register of Information on Human Genetic Traits, which is a functional subsystem of the unified information system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, are outlined, and suggestions for improving this area are provided. Attention is focused on the relevance of international cooperation regarding the exchange of genomic information with other countries and international organizations.

The role of the International Committee of the Red Cross was clarified, the statistics of identification of missing persons by this organization were analyzed. Attention was drawn to the role of the International Commission on Missing Persons, which has considerable experience in this field. Analyzed: positive international experience of registering human genomic information of Great Britain, USA, Thailand, Brazil; The Prüm Treaty on providing Member States of the European Union with automatic access to genetic databases, fingerprints and information on crimes related to drug trafficking.

It was concluded that the realities of the times necessitate the introduction and use of advanced technologies that have existed in the field of human genomic identification for more than three decades - DNA molecular genetic research and a data bank of human genetic features, which will contribute to the prompt solution of socially significant tasks.
Concept and system administrative and legal protection child rights in Ukraine
Authors: Moroz O. , Kostovska K.
Published: December 2022

The article examines the system of administrative and legal protection of children's rights in Ukraine and its constituent elements. The structure of the mechanism of the system of administrative and legal protection of children's rights in Ukraine and its role in ensuring the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the child are characterized. As a result of the study, an approach to understanding the content and essence of the system of administrative and legal protection of the child's rights and its categorical apparatus was formed. Ensuring human rights and freedoms is one of the most urgent problems for legal science and state activity. An important place among its components is the protection of children's rights, the specifics of which are determined both by the characteristics of the age, physical and mental state of children, and by the sphere of activity of state authorities regarding the protection, protection and guarantee of their rights and freedoms. Turning to the administrative and legal protection of the rights of the child, it is worth noting that during its implementation, state authorities are necessarily involved and their managerial influence is applied to ensure the legal status of the child in society and the state. That is, how state authorities ensure the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the child, as well as contribute to their development. It is emphasized that the administrative and legal protection of human rights, in particular of the child, corresponds to the main content of state administration, i.e. the regulation of social relations in certain spheres of public life through the use of measures of administrative influence. Means of administrative-legal protection of the rights of the child are the key structural-instrumental legal links that ensure the administrative-legal status of the child and its protection in case of violation. They are characterized by imperativeness, publicity, systematicity and the prospect of legal consequences as a result of application, which is extremely important for the administrative and legal protection of children's rights in Ukraine. The protection of the rights of the child is carried out by combining the efforts of a number of legal categories of normative and institutional content, namely, a set of legal norms and specific mechanisms that, within the framework of these norms, ensure the protection of the rights of the child.
Peculiarities of justice in criminal proceedings regarding corruption crimes
Authors: Garmatyuk V.
Published: December 2022

Автором проаналізовано особливості правосуддя у кримінальних провадженнях щодо корупційних злочинів.

У статті сформульовано такі завдання правосуддя у кримінальних провадженнях щодо корупційних злочинів:

Правильний та своєчасний розгляд кримінального провадження щодо корупційних злочинів та вирішення його по суті.

Охорона прав та законних інтересів учасників кримінального провадження щодо корупційних злочинів.

Укріплення верховенства права та законності.

Захист особи, суспільства та держави від корупційних злочинів.

Запобігання та боротьба з корупційними злочинами.

Що ж до завдання правосуддя у кримінальних провадженнях щодо корупційних злочинів то, воно є поєднанням положень ст. 2 КПК України та ст. 3 Закону України «Про Вищий антикорупційний суд».

Так, згідно ст. 2 КПК України завданнями кримінального провадження є захист особи, суспільства та держави від кримінальних правопорушень, охорона прав, свобод та законних інтересів учасників кримінального провадження, а також забезпечення швидкого, повного та неупередженого розслідування і судового розгляду з тим, щоб кожний, хто вчинив кримінальне правопорушення, був притягнутий до відповідальності в міру своєї вини, жоден невинуватий не був обвинувачений або засуджений, жодна особа не була піддана необґрунтованому процесуальному примусу і щоб до кожного учасника кримінального провадження була застосована належна правова процедура.

Суди в основному забезпечують правильне застосування законів, справедливий розгляд судових справ і скарг громадян. Разом з тим у їх діяльності є чимало недоліків і упущень, що негативно позначаються на ефективності правосуддя. Не завжди повно і всебічно встановлюються обставини злочину, допускаються помилки при дослідженні та оцінці доказів, застосуванні норм кримінального та кримінально-процесуального законодавства, призначенні покарання. Мають місце факти необґрунтованого засудження громадян. Саме на упередження процесуальних помилок має бути спрямоване завдання правосуддя у кримінальних провадженнях щодо корупційних злочинів.
Analysis of some types of punishment in the context of changes to the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Matyushenko O.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of changes to the Penal Code of Ukraine, which are connected with some types of punishment.

It was stated that from 24.02.2022 to 24.07.2022, 31 sanctions of the current criminal law were amended as a result of the adoption of 12 laws of Ukraine, which were concerned with the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The most significant changes have been made to the sanctions, which provide punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or engage in certain activities, confiscation of property, deprivation of liberty, and life imprisonment.

The article states that punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or engage in certain activities as the main punishment is provided in 2 sanctions, which is 6.45% of the total number of sanctions, which are supplemented with the provisions of the current Penal Code from 02.24.2022 to 07.01.2022 year, in the amount of 10 to 15 years; as an additional punishment, this type of punishment is prescribed in 12 sanctions, which is 38.7%, of which in 6 cases, the amount of this type of punishment is set from 10 to 15 years.

It was defined that confiscation of property is prescribed as a mandatory additional punishment in 5 cases (16.13%), as an optional additional punishment in 10 cases (32.26%).

It has been discovered that the Penal Code of Ukraine has introduced absolutely defined sanctions, which prescribe the punishment in the form of imprisonment for a term of 15 years. It is pointed out the correctness of the actions of the legislator about the inadmissibility of constructing the sanction as having no alternative, which is manifested in the introduction of an alternative type of punishment in the form of life imprisonment in the specified cases.

A conclusion was made regarding the need to take into account the expressed proposals when improving the provisions of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine, namely: finalize the norms regarding the application of punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities and bring the provisions of some criminal sanctions into compliance with the requirements of part 2 of Article 59 of the Criminal Code regarding the appointment of confiscation of property as an additional type of punishment.
Examination in criminal proceedings: main problems and ways of their solution
Authors: Hryha M.
Published: December 2022

The article, based on the analysis of current criminal procedural legislation, scientific sources, as well as the practice of conducting investigations in criminal proceedings, singles out the main problematic aspects of this investigative action and suggests ways of their possible solution. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the legal regulation of education within the limits of Art. 241 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in certain provisions needs improvement due to insufficiently clear and unambiguous wording of some positions, which causes certain complications in their implementation in practice. Attention was drawn to the narrowed formulation of the purpose of study in Part 1 of Art. 241 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which may lead to the recognition of the evidence obtained as a result of this investigative action as inadmissible, because in addition to the goal of finding traces fixed in the norm, investigators in practice carry out their fixation and extraction. The prosecutor's exclusive authority to make a decision on conducting an investigation is recognized as a drawback, since this procedural mechanism from the point of view of practical implementation causes a significant loss of time, and in practice, an investigation often requires an urgent and urgent implementation. The problematic aspects of investigation related to conduct of this investigative action with the use of coercion against person under investigation, the implementation mechanism of which in some parts does not ensure compliance with procedural guarantees of individual rights, have been studied. In part of study of the proposal of some scientists regarding the possibility of establishing during the examination the presence of a person in a state of alcohol intoxication, it was determined that the establishment of the state of a person's body (in particular, intoxication, narcotic excitement, etc.) requires the use of special knowledge and should be decided by conducting a forensic examination examination, and not during examination. Emphasis is placed on the problems of the procedural design of the examination conducted by other subjects (expert, doctor), in cases when investigator cannot be present during the investigation. Based on the proposals made by scientists, ways of solving the above-mentioned problems are summarized.
Legal investigation of crime trace tracks: facilitating effective detection and prevention of crimes
Authors: Kopcha V. , Fridmanskyi R. , Kopcha N.
Published: December 2022

This article is devoted to the coverage of legal research of traces at the crime scene, which contribute to the effective detection and prevention of crimes, and determine the development and functioning of trasology.

The authors point to the research and organization of the volume. Their main functions are manifested in the accumulation of achievements of trasological research in theory and practice, the optimal development of trasology and dactyloscopy, which contribute to the effective detection and prevention of crimes. These are the most important starting points that underlie its construction and development.

The commission of many crimes is accompanied by certain changes in the environment. Such changes are called traces of a crime. The trace is a reflection of criminal acts, individual elements of a criminal act. In the forensic sense, the value of traces is due to the existing relationship between the crime and its reflection (traces).

In modern criminology, the concept of trace should be considered in several aspects. In a broad sense, it should be the result of any material change in the primary situation as a result of the crime: the appearance or disappearance of certain objects, violation of the original position, location, condition of various objects (eg, lost property at the scene, fragments broken window glass). At the present stage of development of criminology as traces are considered: sound traces, odor traces, traces-microparticles, traces-substances, traces of the genetic code of man.

Traditionally, trasology studies traces only in a narrow sense, namely, materially fixed reflections of the external structure of one object on another (traces-reflections). Traces-reflections arise as a result of interaction of two objects and have rather wide distribution: these are traces of human hands, feet, footwear, teeth, vehicles, tools and tools, etc. Traces-reflection is the main subject of study in trasology.
The role of social entrepreneurship in the formation of the social state
Authors: Mikhailina T. , Hotsulyak Yu. , Gel A.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the scientific article is to analyze the essence of social entrepreneurship and its role in building a social state.

The results of the study refute the thesis that any state is socially in its essence. Although social policy can be implemented by different methods, and the existence of different models of the social state is a recognized fact, however, different methods and ways may form the essence of the state, which generally corresponds to its social direction.

The conducted research allows to state the multidimensional role of social entrepreneurship: 1) as a tool for increasing entrepreneurial activity; 2) as an institution of civil society and a means of self-organization of individuals to solve pressing social problems; 3) as a basis for building a social state.Attention is focused on the fact that the institution of social entrepreneurship can be recognized as intersectoral and located on the border of economic, social and legal systems. As an institution of the economic system, social entrepreneurship is a type of entrepreneurship as such, contributes to increasing economic potential and implementing entrepreneurial initiative. As an institution of the social system, social entrepreneurship is aimed at self-organizing individuals to jointly solve the problems of a particular community, since on the ground the problems and needs of the community are much more obvious. At the same time, in the legal system, social entrepreneurship can be considered: 1) in the aspect of civil society, as one of themany means for building a social state governed by the rule of Law; 2) as a component of the subject of legal regulation in economic law.

It is noted that now the legislation of Ukraine does not provide a legal definition of Social Entrepreneurship, its features are not highlighted and the procedure for carrying out such activities is not regulated. Regulation of social entrepreneurship is carried out within the framework of general regulation of entrepreneurial activity, which does not contribute to its effectiveness, since its purpose and the procedure for using income differ significantly.

It is concluded that in order to activate social entrepreneurship in wartime and during the country’s recovery from military aggression, the state needs to minimize the use of coercive mechanisms in the economic sphere, expanding the use of legal incentives as much as possible.
Guarantees of implementation and protection of the administrative and legal status of a private natural person in the public sphere
Authors: Kostyukevich S.
Published: December 2022

It is indicated that in the theory of law there are still quite relevant discussions regarding the definition of the criteria for the relationship and delimitation of such categories as “mechanism of legal regulation” and “mechanism of implementation and protection of the legal status of a citizen”. According to separate unified approaches to the criteria for distinguishing such categories, it is emphasized that, in general, the mechanism of legal regulation should be considered as a basic element of the mechanism of implementation and protection of the legal status of a citizen. The mechanism of legal regulation establishes the general principles of the implementation and protection of human rights and freedoms in a sphere independent of social legal relations, defining the fundamental principles of human and citizen participation, establishing a system of law enforcement and human rights protection means and methods of implementation and protection of the legal status of a private person.

It has been proven that the system of guarantees for the implementation and protection of the administrative-legal status of a private natural person in the public sphere has a four-level structure, to which the level of regulatory regulation, institutional definition of the system, procedural order and the level of law enforcement are possible. At the administrative-legal level of the administrative-legal mechanism, ensuring the rights, freedoms and interests of private individuals is actually carried out with the help of a certain set of legal norms that provide guarantees for the exercise of subjective public rights in power-management relations. At the institutional level of administrative-legal regulation of the exercise and protection of subjective public rights, a private person is a certain set of state authorities and local self-government bodies (i.e., public administration bodies) that are obliged to perform the tasks of ensuring and promoting the realization of the administrative-legal status of a person and a citizen of Ukraine. The third level of the system of guarantees for the implementation and protection of the subjective public rights of a private person is the administrative-procedural (management) level, which includes a certain set of administrative procedures that allow the realization of the rights, freedoms and interests of non-authoritative subjects of administrative law.The law-enforcement level of the normative-legal mechanism for the protection of subjective public rights, freedoms and interests of individuals and legal entities includes a set of administrative and administrative-judicial procedures that allow to guarantee the realization of the rights, freedoms and interests of non-authoritative subjects of administrative law at the appropriate level of efficiency.
Peculiarities of employment of employees with family responsibilities
Authors: Stadnichenko S.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the provision of equality in employment, which cannot be ignored, is the prevention of discrimination on the basis of such a criterion as family responsibilities, which in today’s conditions can act as an independent reason, moreover, it applies to employees of any gender, and not only women The domestic legislation was studied, which does not provide a definition of the term «employees with family responsibilities». However, according to the norms of international acts, men and women who have family responsibilities towards their dependent children are considered to be such when such responsibilities limit their ability to train, access, participate or advance in economic activities. It was quite significant that the national legislation provided for ensuring that research groups of persons who perform or want to perform paid work, the conditions under which they could exercise their right to work, cases of discrimination would be prevented and professional duties would be harmoniously combined with family duties. The author, in the context of scientific research, proposed to reveal the category of «persons with family responsibilities» as «an association of persons related to each other by rights and obligations arising from marriage, kinship, kinship, adoption and another form of relationship (family)»

On the basis of the works of domestic scientists, the question of the availability of benefits and guarantees that apply only to women, which is related to their physiological characteristics and the period of active motherhood, and all other guarantees that can be extended not only to women, has been investigated at the level of labor legislation. and workers with family responsibilities.
Constitutional and legal forms of political activity of citizens implemented with the help of information and communication technology: concepts, tasks and functions
Authors: Afonina O.V.
Published: December 2022

The world community’s shift from an industrial society to an information one has significantly affected all types of citizens’ political activity. More and more such forms are carried out by information and communication technologies and get constitutional and legislative foundations due to their importance for developing e-democracy and ensuring the political rights and freedoms of citizens. It is an important part of constitutional mechanisms for implementation of political rights as a part of e-democracy. The aforementioned issues are relevant not only from a theoretical point of view, but also in the praxeological aspect. To come to a common understanding of how information and communication technologies can positively support democratic processes such as improving government through engaging citizens in decision-making, this essay concerns the topic of concept and functions of constitutional and legal forms of political activity of citizens, which are implemented with ICT.

Firstly, the constitutional and legal forms of political activity of citizens implemented through ICT are an appropriate element of the functioning of e-democracy and are an expression of advisory democracy.  In essence, such forms are an external expression of democracy, but given the peculiarities that they are associated with the collection, processing, storage, distribution, display and use of certain data through certain software.  Such information is created in the process of communication between public authorities or local governments with citizens, and therefore the effective functioning of various ICT, which serve as a platform for political activity of citizens requires compliance with criteria such as inclusiveness, transparency, discussion through effective channels, guaranteeing citizens public affairs and cost-effectiveness of state or local budgets.  Secondly, the main functions performed by the various instruments of e-democracy in the exercise of citizens' political rights are monitoring, setting the agenda and facilitating decision-making.  Proper performance of these functions is possible under the conditions of preventing the use of "hate speech", providing feedback on the opinions offered by citizens and understanding and anticipation of risks as the results obtained.
Peculiarities of legal regulation of employment of young specialists
Authors: Stadnichenko S.V.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the main theoretical approaches to the study of the phenomenon of employment in general and a separate category of workers - youth. The legal framework for regulating employment relations has been studied. The positive characteristics of current legal norms, mostly created on the basis of international legal standards, primarily those adopted by the ILO, are revealed. The allocation of a separate chapter XIII "Youth work" in the Labor Code of Labor and Employment once again demonstrates that minors, young specialists and other categories covered by this age limit are defined as those that require special, favorable conditions for labor activity, in particular at the stage of its initiation - employment. The article analyzes the concepts of "young specialist" and "young worker", reveals their interpretation in such normative and legal acts as the Labor Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Employment of the Population", the Law of Ukraine "On Basic Principles of Youth Policy". Emphasis is placed on the inconsistency of fundamental concepts, on conflicts of legislation. From this study, the author concludes that the concepts of "young specialist", "young worker" and "able-to-work youth", although close in meaning, are not identical. In the special literature, another related category is also used and disclosed - a young worker, a proposal is made to establish the term at the legislative level as "a graduate of vocational and technical educational institutions (regardless of the form of ownership), who has been assigned the qualification of a skilled worker, the need for which has been declared by enterprises , institutions, organizations, regardless of the form of ownership, or an individual, and who are employed on the basis of referral to work."

The article notes the important role of employment centers in the process of youth employment. With their participation, young people can receive free information and consulting services in professional direction to simplify the choice of the future field of activity, profession, place of work. In addition, among social services, employment centers provide the opportunity for the unemployed to undergo professional training and retraining, if the need arises.
Ensuring gender balance in family relations: national and European experience
Authors: Dynіuk A.A. , Samilyk L.O.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of gender equality in family legal relations taking into account the European experience. The theoretical essence and place of gender issues in the family policy of Ukraine has been established.

The gender legislation, which forms the basis of legal regulation of family relations in Ukraine, is analyzed: the main norms of the Constitution of Ukraine in the field of gender equality; norms of the Family Code of Ukraine and other national normative legal acts that ensure the equality of men and women in the institution of the family; international documents that were ratified by Ukraine in this area.

The problem of discrimination against men according to social stereotypes and the problem of violence in the family are considered.

It is noted that the war on the territory of Ukraine has an extremely negative effect on family legal relations, as it causes such negative consequences as the absence of a father or mother in the family, a broken psyche of children, an increase in cases of deviant behavior, changeable family relations, the spread of single-parent families, etc.

European experience in solving the main problems of gender policy was studied and parallels with Ukrainian legislation were drawn.

 The directions of European family policy are considered, such as: children's well-being, gender equality, combination of family life and employment. The research conducted by MORI as part of the Here and Now task in Great Britain is analyzed; Sweden's experience in regulating the equal participation of men and women in household chores and parental responsibilities; The Gender Equality Index, which represents the current state of European gender roles and their formation, through indicators relating to the dimensions of Knowledge, Work, Money, Time, Power and Health.

It is proposed to develop a national concept of family development and gender equality, based on the analysis of modern national processes and world experience.
Subjective signs of administrative offenses in the sphere of information circulation
Authors: Khomyshyn I.
Published: December 2022

The article, based on a comprehensive systematic analysis of current legislation and theoretical and legal studies of practicing lawyers and scientists, examines subjective signs of administrative offenses in the field of information circulation, and provides a scientific assessment of the legislation regulating the organization and functioning of subjects of administrative responsibility in the field under investigation. Administrative responsibility is the most comprehensive and meaningful part of the means of information protection. The specificity of offenses in the field of information circulation determines the characteristic features of subjective signs. In terms of structure and content, its components are functional, substantive, procedural and punitive elements. The named elements provide an opportunity to investigate various features of subjects of administrative responsibility - from the standpoint of the object, territory, scope of authority, relation of information to a certain category. The legal status of subjects of administrative responsibility in the field of information circulation, the characteristics of its elements are considered. It is noted that the subject of administrative responsibility is the central link of the legislation on administrative responsibility. The features of an official as a subject of administrative responsibility in the field of information circulation are disclosed. From the point of view of the modern theory of administrative law, the possibility of establishing the responsibility of legal entities in the field of information circulation, the peculiarities of the implementation of administrative responsibility in relation to certain categories of subjects, the impact of sanctions for violations of legislation in the field of information circulation on the effectiveness of countering violations of legislation in the field of study are considered. Characterization of subjective signs of administrative responsibility in the field of information circulation, analysis of elements forming a system of signs determines the perspective of the development of administrative responsibility in the field of information circulation and its definition.