bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulse Pressure is a Stronger Predictor Than Systolic Blood Pressure for Severe Eye Diseases in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yamamoto Masahiko , Fujihara Kazuya , Ishizawa Masahiro , Osawa Taeko , Kaneko Masanori , Ishiguro Hajime , Matsubayashi Yasuhiro , Seida Hiroyasu , Yamanaka Nauta , Tanaka Shiro , Kodama Satoru , Hasebe Hiruma , Sone Hirohito
Published: April 2019

Background

Evidence of the role of systolic blood pressure (
SBP
) in development of severe diabetic retinopathy is not strong, although the adverse effect of low diastolic blood pressure has been a partial explanation. We assessed the predictive ability of incident severe diabetic retinopathy between pulse pressure (
PP
) which considers both
SBP
and diastolic blood pressure, compared with
SBP
.

Methods and Results

Eligible patients (12 242, 83% men) aged 19 to 72 years from a nationwide claims database were analyzed for a median observational 4.8‐year period. Severe diabetic retinopathy was defined as vision‐threatening treatment‐required diabetic eye diseases. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that hazard ratios (95%
CI
) of treatment‐required diabetic eye diseases for 1 increment of standard deviation and the top tertile compared with the bottom tertile were 1.39 (1.21–1.60) and 1.72 (1.17–2.51), respectively, for
PP
and 1.22 (1.05–1.41) and 1.43 (0.97–2.11), respectively, for
SBP
adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose, lipids, and smoking status. In a model with
SBP
and
PP
simultaneously as covariates, the hazard ratios of only
PP
(hazard ratios [95%
CI
], 1.57 [1.26–1.96]) but not
SBP
(0.85 [0.68–1.07]) were statistically significant. Delong test revealed a significant difference in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve between
PP
and
SBP
(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [95%
CI
], 0.58 [0.54–0.63] versus 0.54 [0.50–0.59];
P
=0.03). The strongest predictor remained as hemoglobin A1c (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [95%
CI
], 0.80 [0.77–0.84]).

Conclusions

After excluding the significant impact of glycemic control,
PP
in comparison with
SBP
is a better predictor of severe diabetic retinopathy, suggesting a role of diastolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness in pathology.
Neurobehavioral Deficits After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice: Sensitivity Analysis and Development of a New Composite Score
Authors: Matsumura Kanako , Kumar T. Peeyush , Guddanti Tejesh , Yan Yuanqing , Blackburn Spiros L. , McBride Devin W.
Published: April 2019

Background

Because of the failure of numerous clinical trials, various recommendations have been made to improve the usefulness of preclinical studies. Specifically, the STAIR (Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable) recommendations highlighted functional outcome as a critical measure. Recent reviews of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (
SAH
) studies have brought to light the numerous neurobehavioral scoring systems that are used in preclinical
SAH
studies. To gain insight into the utility of these scoring systems, as well as to identify a scoring system that best captures the deficits caused by
SAH
in mice, we designed the current study.

Methods and Results

Adult male C57
BL
/6J mice were used. One cohort of mice was randomly allocated to either sham or
SAH
and had functional testing performed on days 1 to 3 post‐
SAH
using the modified Bederson Score, Katz Score, Garcia Neuroscore, and Parra Neuroscore, as well as 21 individual subtests. A new composite neuroscore was developed using the 8 most diagnostically accurate subtests. To validate the use of the developed composite neuroscore, another cohort of mice was randomly assigned to either the sham or
SAH
group and neurobehavior was evaluated on days 1 to 3, 5, and 7 after injury. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of each scoring system, as well as the subtests. Of the 4 published scoring systems, the Parra Neuroscore was diagnostically accurate for
SAH
injury in mice versus the modified Bederson and Katz Scores, but not the Garcia Neuroscore. However, the newly developed composite neuroscore was found to be statistically more diagnostically accurate than even the Parra Neuroscore.

Conclusions

The findings of this study promote use of the newly developed composite neuroscore for experimental
SAH
studies in mice.
Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage
Authors: Serlin Yonatan , Ofer Jonathan , Ben-Arie Gal , Veksler Ronel , Ifergane Gal , Shelef Ilan , Minuk Jeffrey , Horev Anat , Friedman Alon
Published: April 2019

Background and Purpose—

The diagnosis of transient ischemic attack is challenging. Evidence of acute ischemia on MRI diffusion-weighted imaging is highly variable and confirmed in only about one-third of patients. This study investigated the significance of blood-brain barrier dysfunction (BBBD) mapping in patients with transient neurological deficits, as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker required for risk stratification and stroke prevention.

Methods—

We used dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to quantitatively map BBBD in a prospective cohort study of 57 patients diagnosed with transient ischemic attack/minor stroke and 50 healthy controls.

Results—

Brain volume with BBBD was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (
P
=0.002). BBBD localization corresponded with the clinical presentation in 41 patients (72%) and was more extensive in patients with acute infarct on diffusion-weighted imaging (
P
=0.05). Patients who developed new stroke during follow-up had a significantly greater BBBD at the initial presentation (
P
=0.03) with a risk ratio of 5.35 for recurrent stroke.

Conclusions—

This is the first description of the extent and localization of BBBD in patients with transient ischemic attack/minor stroke. We propose BBBD mapping as a valuable tool for detection of subtle brain ischemia and a promising predictive biomarker required for risk stratification and stroke prevention.
Yugoslavia as World History: The Political Economy of Self-Managed Art
Authors: Bago Ivana
Published: April 2019

Branislav Jakovljević's study on performance and self-management in Yugoslavia and Armin Medosch's research on New Tendencies and post-Fordism share a number of analytical frameworks that the review argues partake in a broader shift towards political economy as a key framework for art historical inquiry. This shift elicits what could once again be called a world-historical perspective: both of these books anchor their narratives in post-war Yugoslavia but only in order to show that the telling of the story of Yugoslav art requires the telling of the story of the world, a story that is not simply an instance of global or transnational (art) history. Instead, these accounts affirm a certain political teleology; they (re)turn to Yugoslavia to recall something that is lost, a ruptural, future-bound history that never saw its future, and whose interrupted course they historicize, offering a recourse to historical understanding as a step towards a new strategy of resistance.
Typification of the names Rhopalocnemis phalloides and Phaeocordylis areolata (Balanophoraceae)
Authors: CARDOSO LEANDRO JORGE TELLES , WIERINGA JAN JOHANNES , BRAGA JOÃO MARCELO ALVARENGA
Published: April 2019

We present nomenclatural notes and designate lectotypes for Rhopalocnemis phalloides and its synonym Phaeocordylis areolata.
Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae) in the Central Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil: checklist, endemism, and nomenclatural changes
Authors: COSTA FABIANE NEPOMUCENO , ANDRINO CAROLINE OLIVEIRA , SANO PAULO TAKEO , TROVÓ MARCELO , ECHTERNACHT LÍVIA
Published: April 2019

The Espinhaço Range in Brazil is one of the richest regions in the world in plant species. It is also the main center of diversity and endemism of many taxa, including Paepalanthus. This genus is the second largest in Eriocaulaceae, and the third largest genus of the Brazilian flora. This work aims to survey the Paepalanthus richness in the Central Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais. A checklist of 116 Paepalanthus species and two varieties is presented here, with data and comments about richness, endemism, and conservation, together with a new synonym for Paepalanthus bonsai and a new combination for Actinocephalus, both endemic species. Among the 116 recorded species, 56 occur inside at least one Protected Area, 54 are endemic to the Central Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, of which 17 are micro-endemic. Ten species known only from the type specimen or poorly known were rediscovered, while 15 species remain known only from the type. The novelties presented here result from extensive and intensive field efforts, but there are areas of difficult access that remain poorly explored. Further investigation in these areas might lead to the discovery of unknown and rare species.
Notes on the distribution of Acrolejeunea sandvicensis (Gottsche) Steph., a liverwort species disjunctive between East Asia and Hawaii
Authors: SUN LI-WEI , GRADSTEIN S. ROBBERT , DAI ZUN , MA WEN-ZHANG , SHI RUI-PING , WEI QIAN-QIAN , GAO XUE-DI , WANG JIAN
Published: April 2019

Based on the examination of herbarium material, the extant distribution of Acrolejeunea sandvicensis is shown to be disjunctive between subtropical East Asia and Hawaii. All tropical records of the species with one exception (southern India: Palani Hills) are erroneous. Close similarity to the fossil A. ucrainica may indicate that the species was widespread in the Holarctic during the Tertiary. The Asia-Hawaii disjunct plant relationships, especially liverworts, are briefly discussed. Verification of published records is essential for the assessment of the geographical ranges of species and is a key step towards the prediction of the species occurrences.
Taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of Carlos Pau’s names in Hieracium (Asteraceae)
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO , MATEO GONZALO , GAVIOLI LAURA , IBÁÑEZ NEUS
Published: April 2019

During a study on the taxonomy of Hieracium for the Flora iberica project, several names turned out to be not yet typified. In the present paper, 63 names of Hieracium are treated. In order to fix their applications, nomenclatural types for 28 Pau’s names in the genus Hieracium are designated (27 lectotypes, 1 neotype and 1 epitype). All the type material available is listed with full label data, and some nomenclatural and taxonomic comments are provided.
Stachytarpheta atkinsiae, a new species of Verbenaceae endemic to the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: HARLEY RAYMOND M. , ANTAR GUILHERME MEDEIROS , GIULIETTI ANA MARIA
Published: April 2019

Stachytarpheta atkinsiae, belonging to the Radlkoferiana group from the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state Brazil, is here described. It is a red-flowered species, and unusual in being a large, much-branched shrub, with densely lanate indumentum. The species shows similarities with S. froesii and S. radlkoferiana, but differs from both vegetative and floral characters.We provide a full description of the species, together with illustrations, a conservation status assessment, and a distribution map.
Lectotypification of Areca dicksonii Roxburgh (Arecaceae)
Authors: MANE ROHIT N. , LEKHAK MANOJ M. , YADAV SHRIRANG R.
Published: April 2019

A lectotype is designated for Areca dicksonii, the basionym of Pinanga dicksonii, which is the currently accepted name.
Review of the genus Bampura Tschorsnig (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of a new species from Iran
Authors: GILASIAN EBRAHIM , ZIEGLER JOACHIM , PARCHAMI-ARAGHI MEHRDAD
Published: April 2019

The new species Bampura breviaristata Gilasian & Ziegler sp. nov. is described from Karkheh National Park, Khuzestan, Iran. A first full description of the male of Bampura angustigena Tschorsnig and an identification key to both known species of Bampura Tschorsnig are provided. The male terminalia of the examined species of the genera Amnonia Kugler, Atylomyia Brauer, Bampura Tschorsnig and Paratryphera Brauer & Bergenstamm are illustrated and compared. A new taxonomic placement for the genus Bampura, as a member of the tribe Ethillini in the subfamily Exoristinae, is proposed and discussed. The tube-like basiphallus is found to be a new synapomorphic character state for the Paratryphera Brauer & Bergenstamm group of genera.
Uanauna gen. nov., a new genus of fireflies endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic forest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), with key to brazilian genera of Lucidotina
Authors: CAMPELLO-GONÇALVES LUCAS , SOUTO PAULA M. , MERMUDES JOSÉ R.M. , SILVEIRA LUIZ F.L.
Published: April 2019

Here, we propose Uanauna gen. nov. (Lampyridae: Photinini), a new monotypic genus of fireflies endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Uanauna angaporan sp. nov. occurs in Submontane and Montane forest habitats at the Serra do Mar mountain range, in the Southern Fluminense region (Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil). The new species was recorded both on the mainland, at the municipality of Itaguaí and Rio de Janeiro, and at the continental island of Ilha Grande, in Angra dos Reis, at the Rio de Janeiro State. An occurrence map and illustrations of diagnostic features are given for the new taxa, as well as a key to Lucidotina genera in Brazil.
Functional iron deficiency markers are absent during pregnancy despite evidence of low iron stores
Authors: Demmers Martijn WHJ , Niens Marijke , van der Haar Gerrie , van der Zaag-Loonen Hester J , Hoffmann Johannes JML , Adriaansen Henk J
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Functional iron deficiency parameters predict iron-restricted erythropoiesis more precisely than ferritin. Ferritin and erythropoiesis can be affected by inflammation and hormonal alterations. We hypothesize that the association between low ferritin concentrations and iron-restricted erythropoiesis is not comparable between pregnant and non-pregnant women.

Materials and methods

Pregnant women ( n = 926) were included at week 12 of gestation. Ferritin concentrations, %hypochromic erythrocytes (%HYPO), %microcytic erythrocytes (%MICRO), reticulocyte haemoglobin content (MCHr), mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) were analysed. Data were compared with non-pregnant women ( n = 1302).

Results

Functional iron deficiency parameters (%HYPO, %MICRO, MCHr) were present in, respectively, 3.9%, 14.3% and 2.3% off all pregnant women. Univariate analysis of low ferritin (<20 μg/L) showed significant differences between non-pregnant versus pregnant women; %HYPO (10.92% vs. 0.92%), increased %MICRO (4.33% vs. 1.00%) and decreased MCHr (24.9 pg vs. 29.5 pg), respectively. In the logistic regression analysis, MCHr, %MICRO and MCV were independently associated with low ferritin concentrations in pregnant women, while %HYPO and %MICRO were independently associated variables in non-pregnant women with low ferritin concentrations.

Discussion

Functional iron deficiency is significantly less frequent in pregnant women compared with iron-deficient non-pregnant women. During pregnancy, iron metabolism might be differentially regulated for optimal fetal growth and development despite low maternal iron stores.
The simultaneous quantification of candidate serum biomarker peptides for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Yanagida Mitsuaki , Hamamura Kensuke , Takamori Kenji , Araki Yoshihiko
Published: April 2019

Background

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are defined as syndromes characterized by high blood pressure that develop after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has not been fully elucidated, and the most effective treatment is the termination of pregnancy. Therefore, methods for an early predictive diagnosis should be developed to rescue both the mother and the child.

Methods

Previously, we explored the serum peptides whose concentration varied specifically between patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and normal pregnant women using peptidomics analysis and identified seven candidate marker peptides. To quantify the marker peptides more reliably, we attempted to quantify these peptides simultaneously by multiple reaction monitoring using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MRM/MS). Non-labelled and stable isotope-labelled forms of the seven peptides were synthesized as standards, and the multiple reaction monitoring transitions for their quantification were determined.

Results

As the retention of the peptides by the reversed-phase column was dependent on their hydrophobicity, two solvent compositions were required for the retention of all peptides. Under these conditions, we detected the peptides by LC-MRM/MS using a column-switching method. Further, we succeeded in quantifying the peptides in the serum of pregnant women using stable isotope dilution.

Conclusion

Our new peptidomics method has great value for peptides, particularly those that have no specific antibody as a detection tool. Using this system, the serum peptides in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy can be validated as diagnostic markers of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Further, this method can potentially be applied to the general quantification of other serum peptides.
Factors Associated With Successful Completion of a Community-Based, Postarrest Juvenile Diversion Program and Subsequent Rearrest
Authors: NeMoyer Amanda , Gale-Bentz Elizabeth , Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Pema Harvey Lisa
Published: April 2019

Although diversion programs can allow arrested youth to avoid formal justice system processing, unsuccessful program completion can result in adjudication. Thus, it is important to determine whether youth successfully complete programs and identify factors linked to success. We examined records from 933 postarrest diversion program participants. Youth received a wide range of conditions during participation and the vast majority successfully completed the program, became eligible for record expungement, and avoided rearrest within 3 years. Analyses revealed significant relationships between program completion and factors related to referral charge and imposed conditions; gender and program outcome were also linked to recidivism. Results both support the use of diversion programs to limit formal juvenile justice processing and encourage further evaluation of such programs.
Reimagining digital health education: Reflections on the possibilities of the storyboarding method
Authors: Lupton Deborah , Leahy Deana
Published: April 2019

Objectives:

To use the design method of storyboarding to challenge pre-service health education teachers to work together to think creatively and differently about digital health, to introduce pre-service teachers to the method as a pedagogical technique for use in their own classrooms, to experiment with our methods as a design sociology research project and to analyse the materials generated by the participants.

Design:

Storyboarding, a design research method for engagement and research that invites participants to generate a narrative using images and words, was used.

Setting:

We conducted a 3-hour workshop using storyboarding as part of an Australian university programme for pre-service health education teachers.

Method:

Following an introduction to the sociology of digital health and the possibilities of design methods, the pre-service teachers were formed into groups. Each group was provided with guidelines for imagining a new digital health device. They worked in their groups to generate a narrative in a storyboard format that described how this device would be used as part of everyday life. The groups then presented their storyboard to the class. The storyboards provided the research materials for analysing the sociotechnical imaginaries concerning digital health they presented.

Results:

We found that the storyboarding method worked well as an engaging and creative exercise for the participants and to generate insights for us as researchers on the ways in which they conceptualised and imagined the role of digital health technologies. However, despite attempts to educate the pre-service teachers in critical thinking in the lead-up to the workshop that emphasised the sociocultural and political contexts of health behaviours, their storyboards largely presented visions of digital health technologies that relied on individualistic behaviour change.

Conclusion:

After reflecting on the process, our conclusions provide some ideas for the way forward in using storyboarding as a transformative pedagogical and research tool.
‘Keeping politicians at arm’s length’: how managers in a collaborative organization deal with the administration–politics interface
Authors: Brorström Sara , Norbäck Maria
Published: April 2019

This study examines the relationship between politicians and managers in a Swedish city. The context is a collaborative organization responsible for drafting and implementing the vision and strategies for a city organization, and for future development of the downtown river area. The article examines the efforts of city managers to manage the relationship with city politicians. We illustrate how the managers strive to manage an appropriate ‘arm’s-length’ relationship with the politicians by navigating in and out of the ‘purple zone’ of the politics–management interface, and how the context of collaborative organizations seems to increase the amount of time public managers spend in this zone.

Points for practitioners

This article illustrates the relation between managers and politicians in a city organization. We use the concept of the ‘purple zone’ to show how managers’ and politicians’ work is blurred in a collaborative organization, and how this context seems to increase the amount of time public managers spend in this zone. This implies that managers often take on a responsibility for solving complex issues.
Administrative openness and diversity in Swiss municipalities: how does local autonomy influence transparency practices?
Authors: Keuffer Nicolas , Mabillard Vincent
Published: April 2019

The increasing demand for transparency has recently fostered greater openness within public administrations. Considered as an essential tool of good governance, transparency helps reinforce the perceived legitimacy of authorities. At the same time, local autonomy has been increasingly embraced in recent decades and recommended by many international institutions. This article combines these two concepts and seeks to highlight the causal relationship that binds them. Given its diversity, Switzerland offers fertile ground for assessing the influence of local autonomy on information-dissemination practices through a comparative perspective. To do so, this article has adopted a mixed approach, based on the creation of a transparency index for two Swiss cantons and on interviews conducted with elected officials from 16 municipalities. The results show, on the one hand, that transparency practices diverge sharply between Swiss municipalities and, on the other hand, that autonomy does have an influence on the degree of transparency at the local level. They encourage further reflection on local government practices and methods to measure what they mean for relations between authorities and citizens.

Points for practitioners

In this article, the development of a transparency index provides an insight into the very diverse online information-dissemination practices of Swiss municipalities. It reveals that municipal autonomy has a positive impact on the degree of transparency at the local level. The interviews conducted also show that proximity to citizens makes it possible to circumvent the lack of resources available to smaller municipalities through more direct information channels. These results encourage proactive communication by elected municipal officials.
Coefficients of thermal expansion of unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites using unit-cell model
Authors: Upadhyay PC , Dwivedi JP , Singh VP
Published: April 2019

Coefficients of thermal expansion of some uniaxially fiber-reinforced composites have been evaluated using three-phase unit-cell model. Results have been compared with the values predicted by two other models based on composite cylinders assembly (CCA), and also with some earlier reported experimental values. An extension of the two-phase unit-cell model has also been presented for the evaluation of thermal expansion coefficients of three-phase composites. The formulation has been used to evaluate the overall coefficients of thermal expansion of AS-graphite/epoxy system with a low modulus coating on the fibers. The results have been compared with the results obtained from the Sutcu's recursive concentric cylinders model for composites containing coated fibers. From the comparison of results of the unit-cell models (both, two-phase and three-phase) with the results obtained from some other models available in the literature, it is concluded that the overall thermal properties of fiber-reinforced composites evaluated by the unit-cell model can be used as effectively as by any other model.
Effects of Co content in TiO2–Co composite prepared by alloying–recomposition–oxidation–sintering process on its mechanical properties and microstructure
Authors: Yim Seungkyun , Park Ilsong , Park Jeshin
Published: April 2019

TiO2–Co composite powders with various Co contents were prepared by the alloying-recomposition-oxidation-sintering process. For comparison, conventionally mixed TiO2–Co composites with the same compositions were sintered at 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, and 1400℃. Structural characterizations were performed using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. All of the sintered samples were more densified. A melted matrix was observed at a temperature higher than 1300℃. The flexural strength and the fracture toughness of the TCA sample were higher than those of the conventionally mixed TiO2–Co sample at the same sintering temperature, while the Vickers hardness exhibited the opposite relationship. The flexural strength and the fracture toughness of the TCA sample increased until a Co content of 14 vol%, followed by decrease at 18 vol%, while those of the conventionally mixed TiO2–Co sample increased in the entire Co content range. The highest flexural strength and fracture toughness were observed for T14CA sintered at 1400℃ (161.3 MPa and 6.39 MPa m−1/2, respectively). Consequently, the desirable Co content in the TiO2–Co composite prepared by the alloying–recomposition–oxidation–sintering process was 14 vol%.
Properties and fungal biodegradation of the different cellulose derivatives structure included into castor oil-based polyurethane composites
Authors: Oprea Stefan , Gradinariu Petronela , Oprea Veronica
Published: April 2019

The requirement to protect the environment involves the synthesis of new polymers, blends, and composites with a high content of biodegradable components. This work studies the synthesis and biodegradation of castor oil-based polyurethanes filled with different cellulose derivatives (hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose). The polyurethane composites present a slight decrease in tensile strength and thermal stability with the increase in cellulose derivatives content. Scanning electron microscopy results showed a good dispersion of the cellulose derivatives within the polyurethane matrix. The degradation of polyurethane–cellulose derivatives by the soft rot fungus Chaetomium globosum was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and behavior of mechanical properties. The results showed that the inclusion of cellulose derivatives results in an increase in the rate of degradation. The obtained polyurethane–cellulose derivative composites have preserved their processability and mechanical resistance and exhibited enhanced biodegradability becoming useful eco-friendly polymeric materials.
Social Change and Intergenerational Value Differences in a Bedouin Community in Israel
Authors: Abu Aleon Turky , Weinstock Michael , Manago Adriana M. , Greenfield Patricia M.
Published: April 2019

The current study tests the application of Greenfield’s theory of social change and human development to an Arab Bedouin community transitioning from a nomadic to a sedentary way of life. We predicted that sociodemographic change across three generations away from a rural subsistence way of life (a Gemeinschaft ecology) toward an urban, educated, and technological way of life in a commercial economy (a Gesellschaft ecology) would correspond to generational differences in individualistic values related to gender, focusing on equality and chosen roles. We also examined the hypothesis that the pattern of intergenerational differences would suggest a more rapid pace of value change for women than for men. We presented 20 adolescent girls, their mothers, and their grandmothers, and 20 adolescent boys, their fathers, and their grandfathers with a series of vignettes to measure their values. Results showed increasing Gesellschaft-adapted values across generations of both women and men; however, the pattern of generational differences suggested that the most dramatic change for women was in the parent generation, whereas the most dramatic change for men was in the adolescent generation. This pattern suggested a more rapid pace of value change for women than for men. Mediation analyses showed that education, TV watching, and Internet use explained differences in values across the generations. Qualitative examples illustrate how beliefs about ideal gender behaviors and male–female relations shift across generations in correspondence with sociodemographic changes.
Periodontal Tissue Engineering with a Multiphasic Construct and Cell Sheets
Authors: Vaquette C. , Saifzadeh S. , Farag A. , Hutmacher D.W. , Ivanovski S.
Published: April 2019

This study reports on scaffold-based periodontal tissue engineering in a large preclinical animal model. A biphasic scaffold consisting of bone and periodontal ligament compartments manufactured by melt and solution electrospinning, respectively, was used for the delivery of in vitro matured cell sheets from 3 sources: gingival cells (GCs), bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (Bm-MSCs), and periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). The construct featured a 3-dimensional fibrous bone compartment with macroscopic pore size, while the periodontal compartment consisted of a flexible porous membrane for cell sheet delivery. The regenerative performance of the constructs was radiographically and histologically assessed in surgically created periodontal defects in sheep following 5 and 10 wk of healing. Histologic observation demonstrated that the constructs maintained their shape and volume throughout the entirety of the in vivo study and were well integrated with the surrounding tissue. There was also excellent tissue integration between the bone and periodontal ligament compartments as well as the tooth root interface, enabling the attachment of periodontal ligament fibers into newly formed cementum and bone. Bone coverage along the root surface increased between weeks 5 and 10 in the Bm-MSC and PDLC groups. At week 10, the micro–computed tomography results showed that the PDLC group had greater bone fill as compared with the empty scaffold, while the GC group had less bone than the 3 other groups (control, Bm-MSC, and PDLC). Periodontal regeneration, as measured by histologically verified new bone and cementum formation with obliquely inserted periodontal ligament fibers, increased between 5 and 10 wk for the empty, Bm-MSC, and PDLC groups, while the GC group was inferior to the Bm-MSC and PDLC groups at 10 wk. This study demonstrates that periodontal regeneration can be achieved via the utilization of a multiphasic construct, with Bm-MSCs and PDLCs obtaining superior results as compared with GC-derived cell sheets.
Wisdom as the Mediator in the Relationships Between Meaning in Life and Attitude Toward Death
Authors: Brudek Paweł , Sekowski Marcin
Published: April 2019

The goal of the presented research was to investigate if wisdom plays a mediating role in the relationships between meaning in life and the attitude toward death in the period of middle and late adulthood. A study was carried out that included 567 persons aged 40 to 75 years. Three measures were used: Personal Meaning Profile, Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, and Death Attitude Profile-Revised. The conducted analyses allowed the authors to confirm the mediating role of wisdom in the relationships between meaning in life and fear of death as well as death avoidance in persons during the period of middle and late adulthood.
Branding influence on consumer behaviour regarding olive oil
Authors: Baziana Sotiria , Tzimitra-Kalogianni Eirini
Published: April 2019

Olive oil is a traditional agricultural product for Greece and holds a remarkable place in the food industry, as well as a great importance for the economic and social life of the country. However, although Greece produces olive oil of high quality, the small market share of branded products hampers the competitiveness of the olive oil sector. Therefore, branding in the olive oil market is emerging as a key factor in boosting the competitiveness of the industry. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the impact of branding on the behaviour of Greek consumers towards olive oil products. The survey involved 488 consumers in Thessaloniki city. According to the research results, based on correlation test and t-test, it has been established that the preference for an olive oil brand is associated with increased brand awareness and higher levels of loyalty. Finally, it was found that higher consumption of olive oil is associated with a higher degree of brand recognition and stronger perceptions of its superiority to competitors. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the enhancement of the competitiveness of the sector, both domestically and internationally, can contribute the adoption of integrated branding strategies aimed at diversifying Greek products from competition, promoting their qualities and attracting long-term loyal customers.
Application of foam dyeing technology on ultra-fine polyamide filament fabrics with acid dye
Authors: Wang Qing , Zhou Weitao , Du Shan , Xiao Pei , Zhao Ya'nan , Yang Xiaoming , Zhang Ming , Chang Yanli , Cui Shizhong
Published: April 2019

In this approach, the foam dyeing of polyamide filament fabrics with acid dye has been studied as a clean dyeing technology. The foam dyeing process parameters, including the blow ratio (BR), steaming temperature, time and humidity, were evaluated by color strength and color fastness. The results show that dodecanol and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) mixed stabilizer could improve the foam stability and reduce the harm to human health. The optimum batch formula of dodecanol and CMC was 4:6. The K/ S value reached 3.58 at 11 BR, 100℃ steaming temperature, 20 min and 6.59% fabric moisture content. Compared with the exhaust dyeing process, foam dyeing can achieve the same level of color fastness with a higher K/ S value. These results suggest that foam dyeing is a simple and effective method for polyamide filament fabrics with acid dye, which can reduce the consumption of water, chemicals and energy, and accelerate production.
Correlation functions between online and offline detected yarn
Authors: Xu Duo , Xu Weilin , Ni Junlong , Yang Shengming , Zhang Xinling , Deng Bo , Liu Keshuai
Published: April 2019

Electronic yarn clearer online detected data can be used to justify whether the evenness performance of yarn meets the standard for further processing. The reliability of offline detection is limited by the sample numbers. Based on the analysis of 100 sets of yarn performances (both online and offline) and assuming that external factors are fixed, linear fitting was performed to obtain the correlation functions between online and offline data of yarn performance. Finally, the correlation functions between the online detected data, coefficient of variation value and hairiness H value and offline detected data were established. The correlations between these parameters are significant. In particular, the function-deduced confidence and prediction intervals are very useful to forecast abnormal conditions during real yarn production. The production efficiency could be significantly improved under the guiding of these correlation functions.
Prejudicial and Welcoming Attitudes toward Syrian Refugees: The Roles of Cultural Humility and Moral Foundations
Authors: Captari Laura E. , Shannonhouse Laura , Hook Joshua N. , Aten Jamie D. , Davis Edward B. , Davis Don E. , Van Tongeren Daryl , Ranter Hook Jenn
Published: April 2019

Debates about immigration policy have sparked increasingly negative attitudes toward refugees, particularly those of Muslim identification. Research to date has found that post-immigration prejudice and discrimination, often reinforced at a systemic level, pose an additional psychological burden to refugees. The present study explored associations between cultural humility, moral foundations, political orientation, religious commitment, and xenophobia toward Syrian refugees. Data were collected from adults ( N = 996) in the United States during the 2016 presidential election cycle. Cultural humility was positively correlated with openness to immigration and moral foundations of care and fairness, and inversely related to prejudicial attitudes, perceived real and symbolic threat, and moral foundations of loyalty, authority, and purity. Over and above political identification and religiosity, cultural humility was found to be uniquely associated with more positive attitudes toward Syrian refugees. Additionally, the relationship between the moral foundations of care and fairness and positive attitudes toward refugees was mediated by cultural humility. Findings are discussed in light of the biblical mandate within Christianity to welcome foreigners and advocate for the vulnerable, while balancing compassion with wisdom. In addition to approaching psychological care with refugees through the lens of cultural humility, psychologists have a unique opportunity to advocate for this population through systems-level intervention. We discuss ways to cultivate the moral foundations of care and fairness at church and community levels, which may facilitate greater cultural humility.
Coblation Cryptolysis to Treat Tonsil Stones: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Chang Christopher Y. , Thrasher Richard
Published: April 2019

We introduce a novel and potentially effective approach in the treatment of tonsil stones using Coblation technology. A retrospective pilot case series was performed demonstrating the effectiveness of a technique that we call Coblation tonsil cryptolysis. This technique is unique in that it can be performed in adult patients without sedation using only local anesthesia, much like laser tonsil cryptolysis. As with laser cryptolysis, pain is significant for only a few days and most adults can resume normal diet and activity within 1 week. In contrast, tonsillectomy entails significant morbidity for several weeks. However, Coblation avoids the significant disadvantages of laser use, including the potential for airway fire, retinal damage from reflected scatter, dealing with plume from vaporized tissues, oral/facial burns, and the high cost of purchasing and maintaining laser equipment. After a single session of Coblation tonsil cryptolysis, a significant decrease and even elimination of tonsil stones can potentially be achieved.
Ectopic Intranasal Tooth: An Unusual Cause of Epistaxis in a Child
Authors: Verma Roshan K. , Bakshi Jaimanti , Panda Naresh K.
Published: April 2019

Nasal bleeding is a common disorder in children that is frequently caused by irritation in the Kiesselbach plexus (also known as Little's area). Other common underlying causes include local inflammatory diseases of the nose, infections, vascular malformations, and trauma. We report here a rare case of an ectopic tooth in the nasal cavity as the cause of recurrent epistaxis in a 3.5-year-old child. The clinical presentation, investigations, and management are discussed.
Comparison of Transient and Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions during the Luteal and Follicular Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Gurbuzler Levent , Yelken Kursat , Aladag Ibrahim , Eyibilen Ahmet , Koc Sema
Published: April 2019

We conducted a study to examine cochlear activity in women with a naturally occurring menstrual cycle by measuring transient otoacoustic emissions (TOAEs) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Our study population was made up of 11 women aged 20 to 40 years (mean: 35.6) who were not taking a contraceptive medication or hormone therapy. Measurements of TOAEs and DPOAEs were made during both the follicular phase and the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. We found no statistically significant difference in any of the TOAE amplitude values between the two phases. Although a sharp decrease at the 0.75 kHz frequency was seen in DPOAEs during both phases, none of the amplitude values in the tested frequencies were significantly different between the two phases. The absence of TOAE and DPOAE amplitude changes suggests that it is unnecessary to take into account the phase of the menstrual cycle when interpreting the results of otoacoustic emissions testing.
Prediction of Stapes Footplate Thickness Based on the Level of Hearing Loss in Otosclerosis
Authors: Samimi-Ardestani Hadi , Khorsandi-Ashtiani Mohammadtaghi , Ghoujeghi Elmira , Rajati Mohsen , Rabbani-Anari Mahtab , Ghoujeghi Aman
Published: April 2019

During surgical treatment of a patient with otosclerosis, the probability of success depends in large part on the extent of the surgeon's experience. Therefore, predicting the preoperative severity of disease may help determine the choice of surgeon based on how experienced the surgeon should be. We conducted a study to evaluate the relationship between hearing thresholds and footplate thickness in otosclerosis patients who underwent stapes surgery. We used a qualitative method for measuring footplate thickness that was based on the simplicity or difficulty of opening the footplate. Our study population was divided into two groups; group 1 was made up of 66 patients whose footplates were easily opened with low pressure or with repeated motions by hand, and group 2 was made up of 14 patients whose footplate was either opened by drilling or not opened because it had been obliterated. We found that the patients in group 2, who had more severe disease, had significantly higher air-and bone-conduction thresholds than did the patients in group 1. According to our findings, otosclerotic patients with high air- and bone-conduction thresholds generally have more severe disease and thus require a more experienced surgeon.
Complications of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Left Otogenic Brain Abscess and a right Mastoid Fistula
Authors: Chew Yok Kuan , Cheong Jack Pein , Khir Abdullah , Brito-Mutunayagam Sushil , Prepageran Narayanan
Published: April 2019

Otogenic brain abscess and postauricular fistula are complications of chronic suppurative otitis media. We describe a rare case of bilateral chronic suppurative otitis media that caused a left temporal lobe abscess and a right mastoid fistula.
Rosai-Dorfman Disease with Isolated Laryngeal Involvement
Authors: Illing Elisa A. , Halum Stacey L.
Published: April 2019

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare histiocyte disorder that is typically characterized by massive cervical lymphadenopathy. Isolated extranodal involvement is uncommon, and isolated laryngeal involvement is extremely rare. We report an unusual case of Rosai-Dorfman disease with isolated laryngeal involvement that led to recurrent dysphonia and airway obstruction. We discuss the challenges we faced in reaching a correct pathologic diagnosis and in deciding on an appropriate treatment regimen. Based on our experience, we believe that Rosai-Dorfman disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis inpatients who present with a recurrent inflammatory (histiocytic) mass lesion of the larynx.
Lipohyperplasia of the Parathyroid Glands
Authors: Carter John M. , Landry April , Hinni Michael
Published: April 2019

Parathyroid lipohyperplasia is an extremely rare cause of hyperparathyroidism. According to a MEDLINE search, there have been only 9 previously reported cases of parathyroid lipohyperplasia in the English-language literature. We report a new case of parathyroid lipohyperplasia, with a brief discussion of this rare disease process.
A Case of Chronic Subdural Hematoma following Lumbar Drainage for the Management of Iatrogenic Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: Pitfalls and Lessons
Authors: Tan Vincent Eng-Soon , Liew Donald
Published: April 2019

Chronic subdural hematoma as a complication of lumbar drain placement for the management of iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak has not been previously documented in the literature. We describe such a case in a 69-year-old man who presented with right nasal obstruction secondary to an inverted papilloma involving the paranasal sinuses. The patient underwent endoscopic sinus surgery, which included a medial maxillectomy. Surgery was complicated by a small CSF leak, which was repaired intraoperatively. Five days later, the patient experienced CSF rhinorrhea, and a lumbar drain was inserted. He developed overdrainage symptoms but was well when he was discharged. However, 22 days later he returned with right hemiparesis. Computed tomography of the brain showed a left frontoparietal subdural hematoma with a mass effect. The neurosurgical team performed an emergency drainage procedure, and the patient experienced a complete neurologic recovery. We discuss the pitfalls of lumbar drainage, the possible pathophysiology of overdrainage, and the lessons learned from this case.
Glial Choristoma of the Middle Ear
Authors: Shemanski Karen A. , Voth Spencer E. , Patitucci Lana B. , Ma Yuxiang , Popnikolov Nikolay , Katsetos Christos D. , Sataloff Robert T.
Published: April 2019

Glial choristomas are isolated masses of mature brain tissue that are found outside the spinal cord or cranial cavity. These masses are rare, especially in the middle ear. We describe the case of an 81-year-old man who presented with left-sided chronic otitis media, mastoiditis, hearingloss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. He was found to have a glial choristoma of the middle ear on the left. Otologic surgeons should be aware of the possibility of finding such a mass in the middle ear and be familiar with the differences in treatment between glial choristomas and the more common encephaloceles.
Lung Herniation: An Unusual Cause of Dysphagia
Authors: Mason Karen , Riordan Richard D.
Published: April 2019

Lung herniation is a rare condition that can be classified on the basis of location and etiology. We report an unusual case of right apical lung herniation presenting with dysphagia. Computed tomography of the neck demonstrated an air-containing structure in the root of the right side of the neck, related to but separate from the anteromedial aspect of the right lung apex. The diagnosis of an apical lung hernia was confirmed using high-resolution CT reconstructions. This case highlights that, although uncommon, apical lung hernias should always be considered when investigating abnormalities of swallowing. Identification of an apical lung hernia on plain chest radiographs avoids further unnecessary investigations and surgical intervention. Knowledge of their presentation may avoid complications that could arise from neck interventions such as subclavian central catheter insertion.