bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocorrência e caracterização de galhas entomógenas em um fragmento florestal em estágio de sucessão ecológica na Amazônia
Authors: De Carvalho Adenomar Neves , Mota Juliana Santos da
Published: August 2018

Resumo. O estudo objetivou registrar e caracterizar as galhas entomógenas em duas áreas de floresta em sucessão ecológica em Santarém-PA, de setembro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015: Campus Tapajós e Bosque Mekdece. Foram coletadas 405 galhas distribuídas em nove morfotipos, os quais estavam associados a 21 espécies de plantas hospedeiras distribuídas em 11 famílias. As plantas hospedeiras que apresentaram maior riqueza de galhas foram Fabaceae com oito morfotipos, Myrtaceae com quatro, seguida de Anacardiaceae e Meliaceae com três e dois morfotipos respectivamente. As folhas foram o órgão vegetal mais galhado (89%) e as formas globóides as mais frequentes. Os Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) foram os principais cecidógenos e os parasitóides encontrados pertenciam às famílias Eulophidae, Encyrtidae e Trichogramatidae (Hymenoptera).Occurrence and characterization of entomogenous galls in a forest fragment at the stage of ecological succession in the AmazonAbstract. The study aimed to record and characterize the entomogenic galls in two forest areas in ecological succession in Santarém-PA, from September 2014 to February 2015: Campus Tapajós and Mekdece Forest. The total of 405 gallons were collected in nine morphotypes, which were associated with 21 host plant species distributed in 11 families. The host plants that presented the greatest richness of galls were Fabaceae with eight morphotypes, Myrtaceae with four, followed by Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae with three and two morphotypes, respectively. The leaves were the most scattered plant organ (89%) and the most frequent globose forms. The Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the main cecidogens and the parasitoids found belonged to the families Eulophidae, Encyrtidae and Trichogramatidae (Hymenoptera).
Beyond Reporting Early Warning Score Sensitivity: The Temporal Relationship and Clinical Relevance of “True Positive” Alerts that Precede Critical Deterioration
Authors: Winter Meredith C , Kubis Sherri , Bonafide Christopher P
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND

Clinical deterioration is difficult to detect in hospitalized children. The pediatric Rothman Index (pRI) is an early warning score that incorporates vital signs, laboratory studies, and nursing assessments to generate deterioration alerts.

OBJECTIVES

(1) Evaluate the timing of pRI alerts and clinicians recognizing deterioration or escalating care prior to critical deterioration events (CDEs) and (2) determine whether the parameters triggering alerts were clinically related to deterioration.

DESIGN

CDEs are unplanned transfers to the intensive care unit with noninvasive ventilation, tracheal intubation, and/or vasopressor infusion in the 12 hours after transfer. Using one year of data from a large freestanding children's hospital without the pRI, we analyzed CDEs that would have been preceded by pRI alerts. We (1) compared the timing of pRI alerts to time‐stamped notes describing changes in patient status and orders reflecting escalations of care and (2) identified score component(s) that caused alerts to trigger and determined whether these were clinically related to CDE etiology.

RESULTS

Fifty CDEs would have triggered pRI alerts if the pRI had been in use (sensitivity 68%). In 90% of CDEs, the first clinician note reflecting change in patient status and/or the first order reflecting escalation of care preceded the first pRI alert. All of the vital sign and laboratory components of the pRI and 51% of the nursing components were clinically related to the etiology of the CDE.

CONCLUSIONS

Evidence that clinicians were aware of deterioration preceded pRI alerts in most CDEs that generated alerts in the preceding 24 hours.
Electronic Order Volume as a Meaningful Component in Estimating Patient Complexity and Resident Physician Workload
Authors: Van Groningen Nicole , Prasad Priya A. , Najafi Nader , Rajkomar Alvin , Khanna Raman R. , Fang Margaret C.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND

Though patient census has been used to describe resident physician workload, this fails to account for variations in patient complexity. Changes in clinical orders captured through electronic health records may provide a complementary window into workload. We aimed to determine whether electronic order volume correlated with measures of patient complexity and whether higher order volume was associated with quality metrics.

METHODS

In this retrospective study of admissions to the internal medicine teaching service of an academic medical center in a 13‐month period, we tested the relationship between electronic order volume and patient level of care and severity of illness category. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between daily team orders and two discharge‐related quality metrics (receipt of a high‐quality patient after‐visit summary (AVS) and timely discharge summary), adjusted for team census, patient severity of illness, and patient demographics.

RESULTS

Our study included 5,032 inpatient admissions for whom 929,153 orders were entered. Mean daily order volume was significantly higher for patients in the intensive care unit than in step‐down units and general medical wards (40 vs. 24 vs. 19, P < .001). Order volume was also significantly correlated with severity of illness (P < .001). Patients were 12% less likely to receive a timely discharge summary for every 100 additional team orders placed on the day prior to discharge (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82‐0.95).

CONCLUSIONS

Electronic order volume is significantly associated with patient complexity and may provide valuable additional information in measuring resident physician workload.
Price Forecasting of Mango in Varanasi Market of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pardhi Ravishankar , Singh Rakesh , Kumar Paul Ranjit
Published: August 2018

The study had been made to forecast the price of mango using ARIMA model in one of the major markets of Uttar Pradesh as the state ranks first position in production of mango in India. Varanasi market was selected purposively on the basis of second highest arrival market of mango in the state. Using ARIMA methodology on the monthly prices of mango collected from the Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC), Varanasi for the year 1993 to 2015. As the mango fruit having property of alternate bearing, only six month data from March to August was available in the market and accordingly had been used for forecasting analysis using E-views 7 software. The results revealed that the price in selected market was found to be highest during the start of the season using ARIMA (1,0,6) model, confirming the validity of model through Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The MAPE was found to be less than 10 per cent for one step ahead forecast of year 2015. Forecasted price for the month of March was almost double than the price of other months. It indicates the necessity of adopting pre and post harvest management technologies for getting the benefit over increase in prices.
The Effect of Utilizing Rice Husk Ash on Some Properties of Concrete - A Review
Authors: Singh Aulakh Deepinder , Singh Jaspal , Kumar Sarvesh
Published: August 2018

World environmental pollution is having direct and visible influence of construction industry. Relatively, 10 quintal of CO2emitted by the manufacturing of 10 quintal of ordinary portland cement (OPC), which accounts almost seven percent of the global CO2 emissions. Averagely, ten thousand million cubic meter of concrete is produced yearly. Byproducts like rice husk ash (RHA), fly ash, blast-furnace slag, metakaolin and silica fume will be able to utilize as supplementary cementitious material because of their pozzolanic behavior. Rice husk cannot be used as animal’s feed due to the low nutritional value. Neither can it be discarded as landfill nor by burning because it arise a great environment challenge. By converting rice husk into rice husk ash (RHA), it can be used in concrete as a fractional substitution of cement because of high silica quantity in RHA. In this present paper, the result of some authors with the use RHA as a fractional substitution of cement on the properties of concrete like workability, permeability, compressive and tensile strength are reviewed.
Growth and yield of Capsicum Annum Under Irrigation with Different Levels of Domestic Waste Water
Authors: Ahmad Lone Farooq , Afaq Kirmani Nayar
Published: August 2018

Use of wastewater for a variety of purposes is gaining increased popularity as a means of preserving scarce freshwater resources and nutrient recycling particularly in developing countries A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth and yield of Capsicum annum var. Nishat-1 under irrigation with different concentrations of domestic wastewater (grey and black water) in combination with recommended dose of fertilizers(RDF). This field experiment was carried out for two consecutive years Kharief 2012-2013 and involved 6 treatments (T1–T6) with three replications in RCBD. Before being utilized, wastewater was stabilized for 20-25 days in open containers. The highest yield (288.12 q ha-1 ) was recorded in T1 (Recommended dose of fertilizers =RDF) followed by 283.49 q ha-1 in T4 (50% grey water and 50% RDF ), 275.92 q ha-1 in T5 (50% black water 50% RDF) , 270.03 q ha-1 in T2 (100% grey water), 260 q ha-1 in T6 (50% black water and 50% grey water) and least of 251.96 q ha-1 in T3 (100% black water) . The data also reveals that the concentrations of the various physico-chemical parameters (viz., pH, EC, OC, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, Pb) of waste water and pre and post experiment soil samples were within permissible limits. Quality parameters viz total soluble salts, ascorbic acid, chl-a, chl-b, total-chl, carbohydrates and protein content between various treatments exhibited different trends. This study shows that there is an option for recycling of stabilized waste water in agriculture.
The posterior-only surgical approach in the treatment of tuberculosis of the spine
Authors: Ukunda U. N. F. , Lukhele M. M.
Published: August 2018

Aims

The surgical treatment of tuberculosis (TB) of the spine consists of debridement and reconstruction of the anterior column. Loss of correction is the most significant challenge. Our aim was to report the outcome of single-stage posterior surgery using bone allografts in the management of this condition.

Patients and Methods

The study involved 24 patients with thoracolumbar TB who underwent single-stage posterior spinal surgery with a cortical bone allograft for anterior column reconstruction and posterior instrumentation between 2008 and 2015. A unilateral approach was used for 21 patients with active TB, and a bilateral approach with decompression and closing-opening wedge osteotomy was used for three patients with healed TB.

Results

A median of 1.25 vertebrae were removed (interquartile range (IQR) 1 to 1.75) and the median number of levels that were instrumented was five (IQR 3 to 6). The median operating time was 280 minutes (IQR 230 to 315) and the median blood loss was 700 ml (IQR 350 to 900). The median postoperative kyphosis was 8.5° (IQR 0° to 15°) with a mean correction of the kyphosis of 71.6%. Good neurological recovery occurred, with only two patients (8%) requiring assistance to walk at a mean follow-up of 24 months (9 to 50), at which time there was a mean improvement in disability, as assessed by the Oswestry Disability Index, of 83% (90% to 72%).

Conclusion

The posterior-only approach using cortical allografts for anterior column reconstruction achieved good clinical and radiological outcomes. Differentiation should be made between flexible (active) and rigid (healed) TB spine. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1208–13.
The effect of multimorbidity on changes in health-related quality of life following hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zhang L. , Lix L. M. , Ayilara O. , Sawatzky R. , Bohm E. R.
Published: August 2018

Aims

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of multimorbidity on improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Patients and Methods

Using data from a regional joint registry for 14 573 patients, HRQoL was measured prior and one year following surgery using the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey Physical and Mental Component Summary scores (PCS and MCS, respectively). Multimorbidity was defined as the concurrence of two or more self-reported chronic conditions. A linear mixed-effects model was used to test the effects of multimorbidity and the number of chronic conditions on improvements in HRQoL.

Results

Almost two-thirds of patients had multimorbidity, which adversely effected improvements in HRQoL. For THA, mean improvements in HRQoL scores were reduced by 2.21 points in OHS, 1.62 in PCS, and 4.14 in MCS; for TKA, the mean improvements were reduced by 1.71 points in OKS, 1.92 in PCS, and 3.55 in MCS (all p < 0.0001). An increase in the number of chronic conditions was associated with increasing reductions in HRQoL improvements.

Conclusion

Multimorbidity adversely effects improvements in HRQoL following THA and TKA. Our findings are relevant to healthcare providers focused on the management of patients with chronic conditions and for administrators reporting and monitoring the outcomes of THA and TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1168–74.
Fractures of the transverse processes of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae in patients with pelvic ring injuries
Authors: Winkelmann M. , Lopez Izquierdo M. , Clausen J-D. , Liodakis E. , Mommsen P. , Blossey R. , Krettek C. , Zeckey C.
Published: August 2018

Aims

This study aimed to analyze the correlation between transverse process (TP) fractures of the fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) lumbar vertebrae and biomechanical and haemodynamic stability in patients with a pelvic ring injury, since previous data are inconsistent.

Patients and Methods

The study is a retrospective matched-pair analysis of patients with a pelvic fracture according to the modified Tile AO Müller and the Young and Burgess classification who presented to a level 1 trauma centre between January 2005 and December 2014.

Results

A total of 728 patients with pelvic ring injuries were included, of whom 183 (25.1%) had a biomechanically unstable pelvic fracture. Of these patients, 84 (45.9%) had a fracture of a TP of L4 and/or L5. A total of 73 patients (13.4%) with a stable pelvic ring injury (p < 0.001) had a fracture of a TP. Patients with a fracture of a TP of L4 and/or L5 had a 5.5-fold risk (odds ratio (OR)) of having a biomechanically unstable pelvic injury. TP fractures (OR 1.6, p = 0.2) could not be confirmed as an independent predictor of haemodynamic instability.

Conclusion

This is the first study that has demonstrated a positive correlation between a TP fracture of L4 and/or L5 and a biomechanically unstable pelvic ring injury. The presence of transverse process fractures of L4 and/or L5 indicates increased severity of pelvic injury and therefore can help in the planning of emergency treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1214–19.
The ‘clicky hip’
Authors: Humphry S. , Thompson D. , Price N. , Williams P. R.
Published: August 2018

Aims

The significance of the ‘clicky hip’ in neonatal and infant examination remains controversial with recent conflicting papers reigniting the debate. We aimed to quantify rates of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in babies referred with ‘clicky hips’ to our dedicated DDH clinic.

Patients and Methods

A three-year prospective cohort study was undertaken between 2014 and 2016 assessing the diagnosis and treatment outcomes of all children referred specifically with ‘clicky hips’ as the primary reason for referral to our dedicated DDH clinic. Depending on their age, they were all imaged with either ultrasound scan or radiographs.

Results

There were 69 ‘clicky hip’ referrals over the three-year period. This represented 26.9% of the total 257 referrals received in that time. The mean age at presentation was 13.6 weeks (1 to 84). A total of 19 children (28%) referred as ‘clicky hips’ were noted to have hip abnormalities on ultrasound scan, including 15 with Graf Type II hips (7 bilateral), one Graf Type III hip, and three Graf Type IV hips. Of these, ten children were treated with a Pavlik harness, with two requiring subsequent closed reduction in theatre; one child was treated primarily with a closed reduction and adductor tenotomy. In total, 11 (15.9%) of the 69 ‘clicky hip’ referrals required intervention with either harness or surgery.

Conclusion

Our study provides further evidence that the ‘clicky hip’ referral can represent an underlying diagnosis of DDH and should, in our opinion, always lead to further clinical and radiological assessment. In the absence of universal ultrasound screening, we would encourage individual units to carefully assess their own outcomes and protocols for ‘clicky hip’ referrals and tailor ongoing service provision to local populations and local referral practices. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1249–52.
GRADIENTES PLUVIOMÉTRICOS DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO: UMA ANÁLISE DO LITORAL AO SEMIÁRIDO
Authors: Silva Marcelo José da , Queiroz Maria Gabriela de , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Araújo Júnior George Do Nascimento , Silva Thieres George Freire da
Published: August 2018

A precipitação pluvial é uma das variáveis mais importantes para a atividade agrícola, com variabilidade espaço-temporal em função da localização geográfica e de fenômenos atmosféricos. Assim, objetivou-se identificar a influência de fatores geográficos e de fenômenos atmosféricos que contribuem para a variabilidade espaço-temporal da precipitação pluviométrica do litoral ao semiárido do estado de Pernambuco. Foram usados normais climatológicas de precipitação pluviométrica de 11 municípios do estado de Pernambuco, provenientes do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Os valores mensais e anuais foram relacionados aos dados geográficos, por meio de análise de regressão, e as suas tendências foram associadas a fenômenos atmosféricos regionais. Verificou-se que houve relação significativa da altitude, quando não se considerou os dados do município de Recife, e da longitude, sendo desprezados dados de Triunfo, com a precipitação pluviométrica anual e a maioria dos dados mensais (p < 0,10). Essas tendências estão associadas às penetrações de sistemas frontais e ao posicionamento da Zona de Convergência Intertropical no nordeste brasileiro. Conclui-se que os gradientes pluviométricos do litoral ao semiárido de Pernambuco são explicados pela variação do relevo.
AVALIAÇÃO ERGONÔMICA DAS OPERAÇÕES FLORESTAIS DE ROÇADA E DESGALHAMENTO SEMIMECANIZADO
Authors: Soranso Denise Ransolin , Minette Luciano José , Schettino Stanley , Mineti Davi , De Souza Amaury Paulo
Published: August 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os riscos ergonômicos a que os trabalhadores estavam expostos durante o desenvolvimento das atividades florestais de roçada e desgalhamento semimecanizado. Foi avaliada, para cada uma das atividades desenvolvidas, a exposição ao ruído e vibração, a carga de trabalho físico e a biomecânica. Os resultados demonstraram que as atividades florestais avaliadas oferecem diferentes riscos ergonômicos aos trabalhadores. Os níveis de ruído e vibração das roçadeiras e motopodas avaliadas proporcionaram valores acima do limite de tolerância recomendado pela norma brasileira. Na avaliação da carga de trabalho físico, em ambas as atividades avaliadas, a carga cardiovascular foi acima do valor recomendado. Na análise biomecânica, foi verificado que o dorso, coxofemoral, tornozelo e cotovelo são articulações que exibiram alto risco de lesões.
CONDUTIVIDADE ELÉTRICA DO SOLO EM FUNÇÃO DA DOSE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA EM ÁREAS DE FERTIRRIGAÇÃO
Authors: Menezes Lorena Noia , Matos Antonio Teixeira de
Published: August 2018

A fertirrigação de culturas agrícolas é uma boa opção para o controle na degradação ambiental, além de proporcionar melhoria nas características do solo e na produtividade das culturas. Entretanto, se a dosagem aplicada for inadequada, pode trazer efeitos nocivos tanto à cultura quanto ao solo e/ou águas subterrâneas. A relação entre a condutividade elétrica do solo (CEs) e a dose de água residuária, expressa como dose de sólidos dissolvidos totais (SDT), se mostra bastante adequada, tendo em vista que a CEs é uma variável de medida simples, baixo custo e que pode ser feita in loco, oferecendo informações úteis e precisas acerca das condições químicas do solo de áreas fertirrigadas. Sendo assim, neste estudo, buscou-se definir, utilizando-se dados secundários, modelos matemáticos que relacionem quantitativamente essas duas variáveis em solos de diferentes texturas. A textura do solo não foi fator de significativa influência na relação entre a CEs e a dose aplicada de SDT, via água residuária, e uma equação linear de coeficiente angular médio de 0,32 pode ser utilizada como multiplicador da dose de SDT, para essa estimativa. No caso de áreas submetidas à irrigação após a aplicação da água residuária no solo, o fator multiplicador médio deve ser de 0,04. A estimativa da CEs como função da dose de SDT pode ser auxílio importante na tomada de decisão, em condições de campo, a respeito da aplicação de águas residuárias no solo.
Polyaniline as Novel Polymer Materials for Dry Electrode- Based Electrocardiography (ECG)
Authors: Prima Jeffry Omega , Pamungkas Bayu , - Nugraha , - Suprijanto
Published: August 2018

Electrocardiography (ECG) has been instrumental for early detection of cardiovascular anomalies. In this research, we successfully prototyped and evaluated the performance of a novel dry electrode as ECG sensor. Copper was selected as dry electrode material due to its good balance between conductivity and affordability. Polyaniline was used as a conductive coating to facilitate the conversion of ionic currents from the human body into electrical currents in electronic circuits. The coating was carried out via electrodeposition technique. Optimal electrodeposition time of 20 min using acetic acid as a dopant was established. This yields in the dry electrode with comparable performance to the certified wet electrode currently available in the market, shown by PQRST signal correlation between dry electrodes (this study) and the wet electrode (benchmark) which is close to zero. The dry electrode prototyped in this study is characterized to have a conductivity of 7 x 10 -4 S/mm, a resistance of 10 Ω, capacitive reactance of 140 Ω, and excellent signal stability showing a value of 256.5 μV consistently for 2 hours.
Analysis of Non Linear Frequency Modulation (NLFM) Waveforms for Pulse Compression Radar
Authors: Widyantara Muhamad Ridwan , - Sugihartono , Suratman Fiky Y. , Widodo Slamet , Daud Pamungkas
Published: August 2018

Non Linear Frequency Modulation (NLFM) method can suppress the peak sidelobe level without additional windowing function. NLFM doesn’t require any weighting function because it has inbuilt one. NLFM has a variable frequency deviation function due to the relation between frequency and time of the signal which is not linear so that it is possible to suppress of peak sidelobe level. This paper studies the characteristic of various NLFM waveform, such as NLFM Tri Stage Piece Wise (TSPW), NLFM S, and NLFM Taylor. The study of Pulse Compression of NLFM waveform consists of three aspects. First, analysis of pulse compression performance. Second, analysis of background noise. Last, analysis of Doppler effects. The simulation is done using Matlab software. The lowest  value Peak Sidelobe Level (PSL)of NLFM TSPW is about -20 dB while NLFM S and NLFM Taylor are about -32 dB and -39 dB. Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Doppler Effect influenced the value of PSL for each NLFM waveform. NLFM Taylor has the best NLFM waveform when the Doppler Effect and AWGN cause the value of PSL become high. Comparison between NLFM Taylor and Linear Frequency Modulation(LFM) is done in radar surveillance applications to analyze the detectability performance where the condition of Radar Cross Section (RCS) for each target has different significant value. The three targets are commercial airplanes, helicopter and fighter. For detectability performance, NLFM Taylor can detect more clearly than LFM conventional.
IMPACT OF SHADOW BANKING ACTIVITIES AS NON BANK INTERMEDIATION TOWARD REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS IN FUNCTION CONTROL OF FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR IN INDONESIA
Authors: Abubakar Lastuti , Sukmadilaga C. , Handayani Tri
Published: August 2018

Based on the Global Shadow Banking Monitory Report 2015 issued by the Financial Stability Board, global shadow banking activities manage 80% of global GDP and 90% of the global financial system assets. Hence, this study aimed to examine the regulation and supervision of shadow banking activities in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical with descriptive analytical research specifications. Based on the research results as follows : regulation of shadow banking in Indonesia's financial services sector covers all financial institutions outside the banking sector or Non-Bank Financial Institutions that the regulations are scattered in various rules. Indonesia has developed an integrated surveillance system for the entire financial services sector, include NBFIs. Development of shadow banking regulation will be based on the strengthening of reporting, monitoring, supervision and regulation. Keywords : regulatory developments, shadow banking, and supervision
THE DIRECTION OF SPACE REGULATION IN GLOBAL DYNAMICS
Authors: Pramono Agus
Published: August 2018

Space regulation initially acts as the orientation for activities in space which primarily concerns with research and development. As space exploration progresses, the regulation took a more practical direction which covers not only civil but also commercial activities. In line with this, development in commercial space activities took place such as telemetrics, remote sensor, space transportation, space industry, space tourism, space insurance, etc. To ensure that the commercialization of space activities is performed in a peaceful and safe manner as well as in ways that benefit all people, regulations in the form of anticipative laws are needed. These measures cover legal issues. Space commercialization is closely related to many aspects of life such as politics, social, economy, and security and defense which have been experiencing rapid development in that the presence of regulation for modern space law regime becomes an absolute necessity.
LEGAL STUDY ON THE FOUNDATION OF THE FLAT OWNERS AND RESIDENTS ASSOCIATION(PPPSRS)
Authors: Suharto R. , Kristian Yudhi Hendra
Published: August 2018

Practically, many developers did not facilitate the foundation of the flat owners and residents association (PPPSRS) as what has been regulated in Law No.20/2011 on Flats. Many owners or residents of flats do not really care on the responsibility of creating PPPRS based on article 74 number 1. The researcher wanted to know the lawful effects to the developer after the absence of PPPSRS and the lawful follow up should be done in the end.
PROTECTION AND REHABILITATION FOR WOMEN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ACCORDING TO INDONESIAN LAW (STUDY ON CENTRAL JAVA GOVERNMENT'S HANDLING THROUGH KPK2BGA)
Authors: Purwanti Ani
Published: August 2018

Based on the report of Indonesia’s National Commission of Women Rights, the data of violence against women in 2017 are distributed as 10205 cases of domestic violence (75%), 3092 cases in community level (22%), and 305 cases in nation sphere (3%). Domestic violence is the most occurred violence with 4281 cases of physical abuse (42%), followed by 3495 cases of sexual abuse (34%), 1451 cases of psychological abuse (14%), and 978 cases of economic abuse (10%). There are 3092 cases of violence in community level, where sexual abuse is placed in the first rank with 2.290 cases (74%), followed by physical abuse with 490 cases (16%), psychological abuse with 83 cases (3%), violence to migrant labor with 90 cases (3%), and trafficking with 139 cases (4%). The data in Central Java since 2014 until April 2017 noted 5881 victims of violence, consisting of 4724 female and male victims. The data showed that there are 5163 male and 425 female offenders in the violence cases.The fulfillment of the rights for women to get the protection and rehabilitation, especially to get quality, comprehensive, and continuous rehabilitation is urgently required. The regulation to protect and rehabilitate women as the victims of violence exists, although the implementation is not enough.This research used socio-legal approach; an approach overviews the legal and social aspect in observing and finding solution related to the problems in this research.Legal protection to women as the victims of violence exists in the Law and Regulation in Indonesia (Law of Domestic Violence, Law of Trafficking, Law of Victim and Witnesses Protection), while the rehabilitation to violence against women includes medical services, legal aid services, legal enforcement services, legal re-socialization, shelter service, home security services, and counselling services.
Ten film byl(a) pohádka
Authors: Hrdlička Milan
Published: August 2018

V případě predikátu, který tvoří sponové sloveso být a jméno v nominativu, dochází k situacím, kdy je v komunikaci možná dvojí shoda predikátového slovesa v minulém čase, a to buď se jménem v roli subjektu (Ten film byl pohádka), nebo se jménem, kteří tvoří verbonominální predikát (Ten film byla pohádka). Z důvodu snadnějšího odlišení gramatické role obou jmen se zejména v odborném textu a v publicistice ponechá jméno v subjektu v nominativu a „přísudkové jméno“ figuruje v instrumentálu.
Gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome with normal in vitro IgG production
Authors: Langlois Alexandra , Torabi Bahar , Dembele Marieme , Desjardins Marylin , Alizadehfar Reza , Ben-Shohan Moshe , De Bie Isabelle , Santanna Ana , McCusker Christine , Mazer Bruce
Published: August 2018

Background: Gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome (GIDID) is a severe neonatal disorder usually fatal within the first months of life. We report a case presenting with intestinal atresia, combined immunodeficiency, and a novel association with hypothyroidism and cardiac malformations. The immune phenotype was remarkable for agammaglobulinemia, lymphopenia, and mildly decreased lymphocyte proliferation. We present here the unique phenotype as well as studies to determine if the agammaglobulinemia was due to an intrinsic B lymphocyte defect.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the patient and a healthy control were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation and stimulated with anti-CD40, IL-4 and IL-21 for 7 days. Total IgG production was measured by ELISA in the supernatant of the stimulated sample on day 7. Cells were stained for CD19, CD27, IgM, CD11b, CD11c, and CD14.

Results: At day 7, supernatant from the patient stimulated cells contained levels of total IgG comparable to the control (755 ng/mL vs. 658 ng/mL, respectively). B cell maturation appeared impaired, as morphologically the patient sample demonstrated fewer B cell clones and cells with dendritic projections.

Conclusions: Despite this typical severe clinical picture of GIDID with agammaglobulinemia, IgG production was detected under optimal stimulation for induction of plasma cells. This suggests that there may not be an inherent defect in class switching and antibody production in B cells in this disorder. It is possible that the in vivo physical or cytokine milieu may be defective for optimal B cell function. Further studies assessing the function of the immune cells as well as possible gastrointestinal loss of immunoglobulins are needed in this disease.

Statement of novelty: Despite much improvement in understanding the effects of TTC7A mutations in GIDID, the root cause of hypogammaglobulinemia in these patients is still unclear. The work portrayed in this study furthers the current knowledge. It suggests that when appropriately stimulated in vitro, this patient’s B cells were capable of adequate immunoglobulin production. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this patient is the first with this genetic defect to be reported with hypothyroidism and cardiac malformations.
Community-Based Ecotourism Management: The Case of a Cooperative in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: Ramos-García Jorge , Ibarra-Michel Juan Pedro , Velarde-Valdez Mónica
Published: August 2018

Nature-based ecotourism has been a growing trend, especially in rural areas where balance with the environment is desirable and it turns into a driver for economic and social development. An ecotourism cooperative operating in the “El Verde Camacho” Sanctuary, is an example of collaborative work between the government experts and the community. The cooperative was created with the support of the National Commission of Natural Protected Areas (CONANP, in Spanish Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas), developed and funded by this government office, it involved the advice of experts in ecology as well as cooperative’s management and residents of “El Recreo” community. This study aims to describe the involvement process and community management as well as the benefits derived from ecotourism according to the reviewed literature; a case study with a qualitative approach was defined in the Sanctuary in this regard. Semi-structured interviews were used to discover community members’ perception of management involvement and benefits of ecotourism. The findings show positive opinions of community residents.
European Union Litigation
Authors: Kas Betül , Esposito Fabrizio
Published: August 2018

This article provides an overview of cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) concerning contract law. The present issue covers the period between mid-January 2018 and mid-July 2018.
When Yes Means No: GOP Congressional Strategy and the Reauthorization of the VRA in 2006
Authors: Jones M. Adrienne
Published: August 2018

This article investigates the relationship between Congressional GOP roll call votes on the Voting Rights Act reauthorization (VRARA) in 2006 and the GOP response to Shelby v. Holder in 2013. Why did the GOP support the VRARA in 2006 and the Shelby decision in 2013 that effectively nullified the VRA? The analysis presented here will demonstrate that the ideological position of the GOP – opposition to the VRA – was the same in both situations. Because Congress was a politically dangerous place for the GOP to oppose the VRA in 2006, it widened the scope of the conflict and helped facilitate the evisceration of Section 5 by the Supreme Court, instead of attempting to achieve that goal in Congress.
Strengthening Trust in Israeli Financial Market: The Case of the Demutualisation of the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange
Authors: Anidjar Leon Yehuda
Published: August 2018

The Israeli stock market is in turmoil. In recent years, the Israel Securities Authority has initiated significant legislative changes intended to tighten the regulation applying to public companies in Israel. These legislative changes drew their inspiration from Anglo-American law. However, it became apparent that these changes significantly impeded the operations of public companies in Israel, leading to the deletion of such companies from trading and their registration in countries with more lenient regulation. The fall in the scope of trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange led to mutual recriminations between the chairperson of the Israel Securities Authority and the chairperson of the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange concerning the reasons for the current situation. The steep decline in the scope of trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange exposed a crisis of trust in Israeli financial markets. I shall argue that to encourage trust in Israeli financial market, we should adopt a general reform regarding the implementation of internal corporate governance mechanisms in the working process of the Israel Securities Authority and Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. In this framework, I will discuss the implication of several insights derived from the Organizational Management theory on special processes which could enhance cooperation between financial authorities and self-regulatory organizations in Israel. I believe that adopting those processes in Israel may contribute significantly to improving trust in the local financial markets.
Differences in the viscoelastic properties between earlywood and latewood in the growth rings of Chinese fir as analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in the temperature range between −120°C and 120°C
Authors: Li Anxin , Jiang Jiali , Lu Jianxiong
Published: August 2018

To clarify the viscoelasticity of earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) within different growth rings of Chinese fir, the following data were determined: absolute dry density, percentage of tracheid cell wall, microfibril angle (MFA), modulus of elasticity (MOE), storage modulus (E′) and loss modulus (E″) within the 3rd and 6th growth rings (in heartwood, hW) and the 14th and 18th growth rings (in sapwood, sW). The E′ and E″ data were obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) between −120°C and 120°C, at a heating rate of 1°C min−1 at the frequencies of 1, 2, 5 and 10 Hz under a dynamic load amplitude of 10 μm. All measured data were different between EW and LW. In the same growth ring, LW had a greater MOE and larger E′ than those of EW due to the higher density of LW. The MOE and E′ increased for both EW and LW with increasing tree age. The variation of MFA in different growth rings of EW influenced the MOE and E′. Both density and the MFA affected the MOE and E′ in LW. The profiles of E″ plots vs. DMA temperature reveal two maxima around −12°C (β mechanical relaxation process, βMRP) and 12°C (αMRP). The LW-MRP maxima are higher than those of EW, but in both cases increased with tree age. No frequency dependence was seen for the αMRP, whereas the loss peak temperature (LPT) of the βMRP increased with increasing frequency of DMA. Almost no difference in αLPT was observed between the four EW growth rings, and their βLPTs were similar. The LW-αLPT was almost the same in the four growth rings, but the hW-βLPT was higher than that of sW. In addition, the apparent activation energy (ΔH) of the hW-βMRP was greater than that of sW in both EW and LW, and the EW data>LW data in individual growth rings. These differences can be explained tentatively that hW and EW contain more extractives than sW and LW, and the deposited of extractives limit the motion of molecular segments within the cell walls.
Statistical Analysis of FSO Links Employing Multiple Transmitter/Receiver Strategy over Double-Generalized and Gamma–Gamma Fading Channel Using Different Modulation Techniques
Authors: Miglani Rajan , Malhotra Jagjit Singh
Published: August 2018

Free space optical (FSO) communication links have recently received lot of attention as high bandwidth and cost-effective access technique. However, the transmission medium, i. e. atmosphere, itself is a major spoilsport factor as atmospheric turbulence may lead to fading. The legacy of spatial diversity techniques which have already proven their worth as effective mechanism to counter channel fading in radio links has also been extended to FSO links in this paper. A mathematical model to evaluate error rate performance of FSO links over strong turbulent conditions using gamma–gamma and double-generalized gamma channel model for different modulation techniques has also been included. It was observed that higher modulation techniques such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and differential phase shift keying (DPSK) allow superior error performance as compared to on–off keying (OOK) links, and this performance further enhances with incorporation of spatial diversity techniques. However, across different diversity options, explained in this paper, BPSK–MISO links were the best choice for turbulent conditions.
A Radio over Fiber (RoF) Based Single Sideband Modulated Passive Optical Network (PON) Using Mach Zender Modulator Based on Different Electrical Phase Shifts
Authors: Sheikh Hilal Ahmad , Sharma Anurag
Published: August 2018

This research work provides an insight on a radio over fiber (RoF) based passive optical network (RoF-PON) utilizing two diverse electrical phase shifts with optical single sideband modulation (OSSB) by exploiting Mach Zender modulator. The influence of chromatic dispersion (CD) in PONs employing single mode fiber (SMF) is a noteworthy issue and should be limited. The two techniques of OSSB modulation, in view of the two distinct angles of the hybrid coupler are employed for the design and implementation of RoF-PON. The RF signal is partitioned into two ways equally before applying it to the dual drive Mach Zender modulator input, utilizing an electrical hybrid coupler that imparts two discrete phase shifts of 90° and 120° to generate two OSSB signals individually. By utilizing traditional OSSB technique having 90° phase shift, either of the first-order sideband (lower or upper first order) suppression occurs yet second-order harmonics are still existent in the system. As opposed to this, the OSSB technique using 120° phase shift causes the suppression of either lower first order and higher second order sideband or vice versa. When contrasted to the PON based on traditional technique (90° phase shift technique), the suppression of second order sideband in PON using 120° technique lessens the system CD. Hence the PON based on 120° phase shift technique has enhanced functionality in terms of system BER, received power and power losses as compared to that with traditional OSSB technique.
Taxonomic and genetic diversity of rodents from the Arsi Mountains (Ethiopia)
Authors: Kostin Danila S. , Kasso Mohammed , Komarova Valeria A. , Martynov Alexey A. , Gromov Anton R. , Alexandrov Dmitry Y. , Bekele Afework , Zewdie Chemere , Bryja Josef , Lavrenchenko Leonid A.
Published: August 2018

The Arsi Mountains (Southeastern Ethiopian mountain block) are a unique region comprising a range of habitats, including natural montane forest, extensive ericaceous scrub and small, restricted patches of Afroalpine ecosystem. During 3 years of sampling small mammals, 13 rodent species were recorded, including the extremely rare Mus imberbis and Dendromus nikolausi. Genetic analysis was used to shed light on the taxonomic diversity of rodents in the Arsi Mountains and their evolutionary associations with populations from other Ethiopian montane massifs (including the neighbouring Bale Mountains). All species recorded are endemic to the Ethiopian highlands. The results of this study provide the first genetically confirmed data on the occurrence of such endemic species as Lophuromys melanonyx, L. chrysopus and a yet undescribed Dendromus species in the Arsi Mountains. The genetic affinities of some Arsi rodents with their conspecifics in the neighbouring Bale Mountains were also explored. The results suggest the Arsi Mountains as one of the most important hotspots of unique Ethiopian mammal diversity.
Turtles, Locks, and Bathrooms: Understanding Mental Models of Privacy Through Illustration
Authors: Oates Maggie , Ahmadullah Yama , Marsh Abigail , Swoopes Chelse , Zhang Shikun , Balebako Rebecca , Cranor Lorrie Faith
Published: August 2018

Are the many formal definitions and frameworks of privacy consistent with a layperson’s understanding of privacy? We explored this question and identified mental models and metaphors of privacy, conceptual tools that can be used to improve privacy tools, communication, and design for everyday users. Our investigation focused on a qualitative analysis of 366 drawings of privacy from laypeople, privacy experts, children, and adults. Illustrators all responded to the prompt “What does privacy mean to you?” We coded each image for content, identifying themes from established privacy frameworks and defining the visual and conceptual metaphors illustrators used to model privacy. We found that many non-expert drawings illustrated a strong divide between public and private physical spaces, while experts were more likely to draw nuanced data privacy spaces. Young children’s drawings focused on bedrooms, bathrooms, or cheating on schoolwork, and seldom addressed data privacy. The metaphors, themes, and symbols identified by these findings can be used for improving privacy communication, education, and design by inspiring and informing visual and conceptual strategies for reaching laypeople.
NoMoAds: Effective and Efficient Cross-App Mobile Ad-Blocking
Authors: Shuba Anastasia , Markopoulou Athina , Shafiq Zubair
Published: August 2018

Although advertising is a popular strategy for mobile app monetization, it is often desirable to block ads in order to improve usability, performance, privacy, and security. In this paper, we propose NoMoAds to block ads served by any app on a mobile device. NoMoAds leverages the network interface as a universal vantage point: it can intercept, inspect, and block outgoing packets from all apps on a mobile device. NoMoAds extracts features from packet headers and/or payload to train machine learning classifiers for detecting ad requests. To evaluate NoMoAds, we collect and label a new dataset using both EasyList and manually created rules. We show that NoMoAds is effective: it achieves an F-score of up to 97.8% and performs well when deployed in the wild. Furthermore, NoMoAds is able to detect mobile ads that are missed by EasyList (more than one-third of ads in our dataset). We also show that NoMoAds is efficient: it performs ad classification on a per-packet basis in real-time. To the best of our knowledge, NoMoAds is the first mobile ad-blocker to effectively and efficiently block ads served across all apps using a machine learning approach.
Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of three Ornithogalum L. species
Authors: Renda Gülin , Özel Arzu , Akyüz Turumtay Emine , Barut Burak , Korkmaz Büşra , Çol Ayvaz Melek , Demir Adem
Published: August 2018

Background

Aboveground parts and bulbs of Ornithogalum species are consumed as food and used in traditional medicine in worldwide.

Objective

It is aimed to report the antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds content of Ornithogalum sigmoideum, Ornithogalum orthophyllum and Ornithogalum oligophyllum for the first time.

Materials and methods

Antioxidant activity of the crude methanol extracts of the aerial parts and the bulbs of the species were determined with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, superoxide radical scavenging, ferrous ion-chelating effect, phosphomolybdenum-reducing antioxidant power and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay. The ethylacetate, diethylether and water subextracts from leaf and flower were analyzed to quantify selected phenolic compounds by HPLC-UV.

Results

Among the six extracts, the methanol extract of the aerial parts of O. orthophyllum contained the highest amount of phenolic compounds (GAE, 11.0 mg/g extract). The aerial parts of O. orthophyllum showed higher DPPH and SOD activities than the other extracts with the SC50 values of 0.39±0.05 mg/mL and 0.44±0.08 mg/mL, respectively. Protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid and p-coumaric acid were the most abundant compounds at all the subextracts.

Conclusion

The antioxidant activity is found to be in accordance with the levels of phenolic content in the extracts.
Tetrachloromethane as halogen bond donor toward metal-bound halides
Authors: Zelenkov Lev E. , Ivanov Daniil M. , Avdontceva Margarita S. , Novikov Alexander S. , Bokach Nadezhda A.
Published: August 2018

Two annulated triazapentadiene systems, viz. 1,3,5,7,9-pentaazanona-1,3,6,8-tetraenate chloride complexes of PtII, form CCl4 solvates, containing the Cl3C–Cl···Cl–Pt halogen bonds. These halogen bonds are firstly reported type of Cl3C–Cl···Cl–M contacts. In the X-ray structures of two solvates different non-covalent interactions were detected and studied by DFT calculations and topological analysis of the electron density distribution within the framework of QTAIM method at the M06/DZP-DKH level of theory. Estimated energies of these supramolecular contacts vary from 0.6 to 2.4 kcal/mol.