bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broadband Absorption and Photothermal Conversion Properties of Oxygen‐Deficient TiO2 Aqueous Nanofluids
Authors: Chen Lei , Yao Dongxu , Liang Hanqin , Xia Yongfeng , Zeng Yu-Ping
Published: March 2023

Oxygen‐deficient TiO2 with unique electrical and optical properties has attracted enormous attention in the field of solar energy due to its excellent photocatalytic performance. Nevertheless, there are few works associating oxygen‐deficient TiO2 with solar heat production. Herein, oxygen‐deficient TiO2 is obtained by vacuum heat treatment technology. The solar absorption becomes increasingly stronger with the heat treatment temperature. 1200 °C is an appropriate treatment temperature for oxygen‐deficient TiO2 according to X‐ray diffraction analysis and ultraviolet, visible, near‐infrared, at which the light absorption of oxygen‐deficient TiO2 can be five times as original TiO2, viz. 81.4%. Moreover, the solar thermal conversion efficiency for the oxygen‐deficient TiO2 nanofluids is 75.2%. A simple and general method for preparing oxygen‐deficient TiO2 for solar heat production is developed.
The propagation behavior of hydraulic fracture network in a reservoir with cemented natural fractures
Authors: Zhang Haoyu , Chen Junbin , Zhao Zhengyan , Li Ziyan , Nie Xiangrong
Published: March 2023

There are still some problems in the study of hydraulic fracture (HF) network evolution in cemented naturally fractured reservoirs, such as microseismic mapping showing exaggerated stimulated reservoir volume in some cases. In addition, the dominant role of natural fracture (NF) cementation strength, injection rate, in situ stress difference, NF distribution, and fracture initiation sequence of perforations in synthetically influencing fracture network formation needs to be further studied. For this purpose, a three‐dimensional matrix hexahedral element global coupled 0‐thickness cohesive element hydraulic fracturing model was developed. Results show that each interaction between HF and NF causes HF diameter shrinkage, which increases the propagation pressure of HF. When the cementation strength of the NF is low, the HF tends to deviate toward the tip of the NF to form a complex fracture network. Increasing the injection rate and the number of NFs can significantly enhance the complexity of the HF network, but does not change the HF and NF interaction pattern. The in situ stress differences dominate the morphology of the HF network when the cementation strength of NFs is constant. The stress interference of multiple fractures under segmented fracturing may form “S”‐shaped HFs, and the HFs are difficult to maintain a symmetrical morphology in the direction of the well axis. In addition, some NFs in inactivated damaged zones have developed a certain width geometrically due to the induced effect of HF, but they are still isolated by the low permeability matrix and might only generate some microseismic events.
Vegetable‐enriched bread: Pilot and feasibility study of measurement of changes in skin carotenoid concentrations by reflection spectroscopy as a biomarker of vegetable intake
Authors: Amoah Isaac , Cairncross Carolyn , Rush Elaine
Published: March 2023

Globally, bread is a staple food and thus a promising vehicle for the delivery of nutrients from vegetables including carotenoids. The aim of this pilot/feasibility, pre–post experimental study was to measure skin (Veggie Meter™) and plasma carotenoid concentrations 1 week before (week −1), immediately prior to (week 0), and after (week 2) 14 days of daily consumption of 200 g pumpkin‐ and sweetcorn‐enriched bread (VB). At each measurement point, total vegetable and fruit intake and specific carotenoid‐rich foods were assessed by questionnaire. Participants (n = 10, 8 males, 2 females) were aged between 19 and 39 years and weighed 90 ± 20 kg. Vegetable and fruit intake was low and less than one serving/day of foods containing carotenoids. Prior to the intervention, measures of carotenoid‐containing foods and skin or plasma carotenoids were not different when measured a week apart. Consumption of the VB did not result in statistically significant changes in either the skin or plasma carotenoid measurements. Plasma carotenoid concentrations and the carotenoid reflection scores had a large and positive (r = .845, 95% CI 0.697, 0.924) association. The relationship between the number of servings of carotenoid‐rich foods with the plasma carotenoid and carotenoid reflection scores was positive and of moderate strength. In conclusion, carotenoid status was not measurably changed with the consumption of 200 g VB each day for 2 weeks. Subjective carotenoid‐rich food intake was positively associated with objective biomarkers of carotenoids. The Veggie meter™ has the potential to provide portable measurement of circulating carotenoids and be indicative of intake of carotenoid‐rich foods.
Inhibition of oxidative stress and advanced glycation end‐product formation in purified BSA/glucose glycation system by polyphenol extracts of selected nuts from Pakistan
Authors: Atta Asia , Shahid Muhammad , Kanwal Zunaira , Jafri Saghir Ahmad , Riaz Muhammad , Xiao Hang , Abbas Mazhar , Egbuna Chukwuebuka , Simal‐Gandara Jesus
Published: March 2023

Glycation generates advanced glycation end products (AGE) and its intermediates, thus increasing the risk of developing various ailments including diabetes mellitus. Current study was planned to explore the antioxidant and antiglycation potential of selected nuts viz, Juglans regia (Walnut), Prunus dulcis (Almond), Pistacia vera (Pistachio), and Arachis hypogaea (Peanut), locally available and readily consumed in Faisalabad, Pakistan, for their health‐promoting properties. The prepared methanolic extracts of selected nuts were tested for biological activities including the antioxidant and antiglycation potential. The effect of these extracts against oxidation and AGE formation was evaluated by in vitro method using bovine serum albumin (BSA)‐glucose system. Juglans regia, Pistacia vera, and Arachis hypogaea were found rich in phenolics and flavonoids contents with increased reducing potential and least IC50 due to the DPPH free radical scavenging inhibition. Dose‐ and time‐dependent inhibition of glucose‐induced advanced glycation end‐product (AGE) was exhibited by fruit extracts through in vitro bovine serum albumin (BSA)‐glucose system. Juglans regia and Pistacia vera were predominantly effective in the inhibition of early and intermediary glycation products at different incubation conditions. The study indicated that the extracts of selected nuts possess significant antioxidant capacity and are rich in phenolics and flavonoids, making them useful supplements as an important part of a balanced diet.
Patents on environmental technologies and environmental degradation in a Scandinavian Country: Evidence from novel Fourier‐based estimators
Authors: Kirikkaleli Dervis , Ali Kishwar
Published: March 2023

Environmental deterioration is a substantial hazard to sustainable development. To add new dimensions to the discussion. This study aims to consider the impact of patents on environmental technology and environmental degradation in Iceland, along with other indicators, such as economic growth, primary energy consumption (PEC) and trade openness. This effect has not been comprehensively examined in the case of Iceland's economy. To this end, the study adopted novel econometric Fourier‐based estimators. The Fourier‐augmented Dickey–Fuller (F‐ADF) unit root tests, Fourier‐autoregressive distributive lag (F‐ARDL) cointegration test, F‐ARDL for long run estimation, and the Fourier‐Toda and Yamamoto (Fourier TY) causality test to determine the impact of explanatory and control indicators on production‐based CO2 emissions for the period 1995Q1 to 2019Q4. The findings revealed the impact of environmental technology and trade openness is negative and mitigates production‐based CO2 emissions and increases environmental sustainability in Iceland. In contrast, economic growth and PEC were found to have harmful and positive influences on production‐based CO2 emissions and increases environmental deterioration in the region. In addition, the Fourier TY causality test suggests unidirectional causality between these indicators in Iceland and the outcome further confirms that environmental technology and trade openness are vital for decreasing production‐based CO2 emissions in Iceland. Thus, the study findings benefit policymakers in adopting green innovation activities that increase sustainable energy resources and minimize the detrimental effects of a boost in economic activities in Iceland for sustainable development.
Microglia play beneficial roles in multiple experimental seizure models
Authors: Gibbs‐Shelton Synphane , Benderoth Jordan , Gaykema Ronald P. , Straub Justyna , Okojie Kenneth A. , Uweru Joseph O. , Lentferink Dennis H. , Rajbanshi Binita , Cowan Maureen N. , Patel Brij , Campos‐Salazar Anthony Brayan , Perez‐Reyes Edward , Eyo Ukpong B.
Published: March 2023

Seizure disorders are common, affecting both the young and the old. Currently available antiseizure drugs are ineffective in a third of patients and have been developed with a focus on known neurocentric mechanisms, raising the need for investigations into alternative and complementary mechanisms that contribute to seizure generation or its containment. Neuroinflammation, broadly defined as the activation of immune cells and molecules in the central nervous system (CNS), has been proposed to facilitate seizure generation, although the specific cells involved in these processes remain inadequately understood. The role of microglia, the primary inflammation‐competent cells of the brain, is debated since previous studies were conducted using approaches that were less specific to microglia or had inherent confounds. Using a selective approach to target microglia without such side effects, we show a broadly beneficial role for microglia in limiting chemoconvulsive, electrical, and hyperthermic seizures and argue for a further understanding of microglial contributions to contain seizures.
Reconstruction techniques of the orbit after Brown class III maxillectomy: A systematic review
Authors: Dugast Sophie , Longis Julie , Anquetil Marine , Piot Benoit , Corre Pierre , Huon Jean‐François , Bertin Hélios
Published: March 2023

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the surgical techniques used for orbital floor reconstruction after Brown class III maxillectomy for cancer. Three databases were searched from January 1990 to January 2022. Of the 614 studies identified, 20 were retained after eligibility assessment. The surgical techniques were classified into four groups: free bone flaps (A), alloplastic implants (B), bone grafts (C), and soft‐tissue reconstructions (D). Ectropion and diplopia concerned 42.6% and 6.6% of the patients, respectively. Soft tissue reconstruction was more likely to cause ectropion (17/27), followed by the reconstruction techniques of group B (34/79), group C (26/70), and group A (1/7). Postoperative enophthalmos was identified in 18 patients (9.6%), mostly in group D (5/35), followed by groups B (8/68), A (3/33), and C (2/52). Free bone flaps and alloplastic implants represent good reconstructive options in terms of postoperative ocular parameters.
Si‐Tethered Bis‐ and Tris‐Malonates for the Regioselective Preparation of Fullerene Multi‐Adducts
Authors: Schillinger Franck , Hahn Uwe , Guerra Sebastiano , Minh Nguyet Trinh Thi , Sigwalt David , Holler Michel , Nierengarten Iwona , Nierengarten Jean‐François
Published: March 2023

Bis‐ and tris‐malonates constructed around a silicon atom have been prepared by reaction of malonate derivatives bearing an alcohol function with di‐tert‐butylsilyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) andtert‐butyl(trichloro)silane, respectively. These compounds have been used for the regioselective bis‐ and tris‐functionalization of C60underBingelconditions. By changing the nature of the linker between the central Si atom and the reactive malonate groups, the malonate precursors have been optimized to produce specific bis‐ and tris‐adducts with excellent regioselectivity. A complete understanding of the electronic and stereochemical factors governing the regioselectivity has been obtained by combining computational studies with a complete analysis of the by‐products formed during the reactions of the Si‐tethered tris‐malonates with C60. Finally, desilylation reactions of the resulting fullerene bis‐ and tris‐adducts have been carried out to generate the corresponding acyclic fullerene bis‐ and tris‐adducts bearing alcohol functions.
Burden of COVID‐19 disease in Kurdistan province in west of Iran using disability‐adjusted life years
Authors: Alinia Cyrus , Bolbanabad Amjad M. , Moradi Ghobad , Shokri Azad , Ghaderi Ebrahim , Adabi Jalil , Rezaei Satar , Piroozi Bakhtiar
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, about seven million people were infected with the disease, of which more than 133,000 died. Health policymakers need to know the extent and magnitude of the disease burden to decide on how much to allocate resources for disease control. The results of this investigation could be helpful in this field.

Methods

We used the secondary data released by the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences between February 2020 to October 2021 to estimate the age‐sex standardized disability‐adjusted life years (DALY) by the sum of the years of life lived with disability (YLD) and the years of life lost (YLL). We also applied the local and specific values of the disease utility in the calculations.

Results

The total DALY was estimated at 23316.5 and 1385.5 per 100,000 populations The YLD and YLL constituted 1% and 99% of the total DALY, respectively. The DALY per 100,000 populations was highest in the men and people aged more than 65 years, but the prevalence was the highest in people under the age of 40.

Conclusions

Compared to the findings of the “burden of disease study 2019,” the burden of COVID‐19 in Iran is ranked first and eighth among communicable and noncommunicable diseases, respectively. Although the disease affects all groups, the elderly suffer the most from it. Given the very high YLL of COVID‐19, the best strategy to reduce the burden of COVID‐19 in subsequent waves should be to focus on preventing infection in the elderly population and reducing mortality.
Type A aortic dissection during delivery
Authors: Berberovic Behija Hukeljic , Granov Nermir , Haxhibeqiri‐Karabdic Ilirijana , Hadzimehmedagic Amel , Berberovic Edina
Published: March 2023

Synopsis

This brief communication describes a rare case of type A aortic dissection successfully managed with aortic replacement following cesarean section.
Clinical use and implementation of the diagnostic classification of mental health and developmental disorders of infancy and early childhood
Authors: Williams Marian E. , Rediker Ashley M. , Mulrooney Kathleen
Published: March 2023

The Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood (DC: 0–5) was developed to provide a framework for diagnosis of infants and young children, and a training curriculum supports implementation of the manual in clinical practice. This study surveyed 100 mental health clinicians (93% female and 53% Latinx/Hispanic) who had completed training in the DC: 0–5 classification system and worked with infants/young children and their families primarily in urban, public insurance‐funded, community mental health settings in the United States. The survey explored their use of the diagnostic manual in clinical practice as well as supports and barriers to implementation. Survey results indicated a high level of adoption of the manual in clinical practice, although all five axes and the cultural formulation were used less often than the Axis I Clinical Disorders section. Barriers to implementation included systemic issues such as agency and billing requirements necessitating simultaneous use of other diagnostic manuals, lack of supports and expertise within their agency, and difficulty making time to fully utilize the manual. The findings suggest that policy and systems changes may be needed to enable clinicians to fully integrate the DC: 0–5 into their case conceptualizations.
Adolescent and young adult research across the HIV prevention and care continua: an international programme analysis and targeted review
Authors: Calabrese Samantha , Perkins Matt , Lee Sonia , Allison Susannah , Brown Gina , Jean‐Philippe Patrick , Chakhtoura Nahida , Moye Jack , Kapogiannis Bill G.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to rise in young people among low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC). The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) supports the largest public investment in HIV research globally. Despite advancements in the last decade, adolescents and young adults (AYA) remain underrepresented in research to improve HIV prevention and care. We undertook a programme analysis of NIH grants and conducted a targeted review of linked publications on international AYA research across the HIV prevention and care continuum (HPCC) to inform new initiatives to address the needs of AYA in these settings.

Methods

NIH‐funded grants from 2012 to 2017, pertaining to AYA in LMIC, and evaluating areas of HIV prevention, care and/or treatment were identified. A systematic review of publications limited to funded grants was performed in two waves: 2012–2017 and 2018–2021. The review included a landscape assessment and an evaluation of NIH‐defined clinical trials, respectively. Data on outcomes across the HPCC were abstracted and analysed.

Results

Among grant applications, 14% were funded and linked to 103 publications for the analytic database, 76 and 27 from the first and second waves, respectively. Fifteen (15%) wave 1 and 27 (26%) wave 2 publications included an NIH‐defined clinical trial. Among these, 36 (86%) did not target a key population (men who have sex with men, drug users and sex workers) and 37 (88%) were exclusively focused on sub‐Saharan Africa. Thirty (71%) publications addressed at least one HPCC milestone. Specific focus was on milestones in HIV prevention, care or both, for 12 (29%), 13 (31%) and five (12%) of publications, respectively. However, few addressed access to and retention in HIV care (4 [14%]) and none included microbicides or treatment as prevention. More focus is needed in crucial early steps of the HIV care continuum and on biomedical HIV prevention interventions.

Discussion and Conclusions

Research gaps remain in this portfolio across the AYA HPCC. To address these, NIH launched an initiative entitled Prevention and Treatment through a Comprehensive Care Continuum for HIV‐affected Adolescents in Resource Constrained Settings (PATC3H) to generate needed scientific innovation for effective public health interventions for AYA affected by HIV in LMIC.
The impact of human papilloma virus on human reproductive health and the effect on male infertility: An updated review
Authors: Das Soumik , Doss C George Priya , Fletcher John , Kannangai Rajesh , Abraham Priya , Ramanathan Gnanasambandan
Published: March 2023

It is believed that human papilloma virus infection (HPV), which is caused by the DNA virus, is the most prominent factor contributing to sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the world, with males having a prevalence rate of 3.5%–45% while that women are 2%–44%. Infertility is a rising problem on a global basis, affecting anywhere from 10% to 30% of couples who have reached reproductive age. This study aims to investigate the existing research on HPV, its connection to male infertility, and how it could be a helpful tool for medical professionals managing HPV in the context of reproductive health care. Infection with HPV has been identified as a risk factor for several spontaneous abortions; however, there is a lack of evidence on how HPV influences individuals undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) in terms of live births. The significance of the immune response to HPV‐infected male reproductive system cells and its effect on embryos, as well as the oxidative stress generated by high‐risk HPV DNA damage and genomic instability, is discussed in this review. Further, the association between male individuals infected with HPV and asthenozoospermia should provide a compelling case for vaccinating young people against HPV.
Mpox in the New York metropolitan area, Summer 2022
Authors: Gnanaprakasam Rachel , Keller Marina , Glassman Rebecca , El‐Khoury Marc Y. , Chen Donald S. , Feola Nicholas , Feldman Jared , Chaturvedi Vishnu
Published: March 2023

Early in the 2022 Mpox (MPX) global outbreak, caseloads in the New York Metropolitan area climbed rapidly before other US urban areas. This case series summarizes the authors' clinical experience detecting and treating MPX, during a quickly evolving outbreak. Clinical outcomes were recorded with a focus on varied clinical presentation and outcomes such as complications and response to experimental tecovirimat therapy. A focal or multifocal rash was the most common presenting symptom in 91% of patients. Almost two‐thirds (62%) of patients had anogenital involvement. Proctitis was one of the most painful presentations with 75% requiring antiviral treatment and three patients needing hospitalization for pain management. Most patients responded promptly to antiviral treatment with tecovirimat. Five out of 10 patients treated with tecovirimat reported symptom resolution within 48–72 h of therapy and another three saw resolution within first 96 h. Two patients had poor response to tecovirimat. This series includes the only reported case of an HIV positive, immunocompetent patient who experienced recurrent anal ulcers due to Mpox and required a second course of tecovirimat. Other unique presentations included urethritis, abscess formation and MPX infection postvaccination. Control of this current Mpox outbreak was possible due to timely diagnosis and the availability of both a licensed vaccine and an investigational drug.
Performance assessment and validation of a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) in support to yellow fever diagnostic and vaccine clinical trials
Authors: Dia Moussa , Bob Ndeye Sakha , Talla Cheikh , Dupressoir Anne , Escadafal Camille , Thiam Mareme Seye , Diallo Amadou , Ndiaye Oumar , Heraud Jean Michel , Faye Oumar , Sall Amadou Alpha , Faye Ousmane , Fall Gamou
Published: March 2023

Yellow fever (YF) virus is a mosquito‐borne virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family that circulates in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa and South America. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, YF remains a threat to travelers, residents of endemic areas, and unvaccinated populations. YF vaccination and natural infection both induce the production of neutralizing antibodies. Serological diagnostic methods detecting YF virus‐specific antibodies demonstrate high levels of cross‐reactivities with other flaviviruses. To date, the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is the most specific serological test for the differentiation of flavivirus infections and is considered the reference method for detecting YF neutralizing antibodies and assessing the protective immune response following vaccination. In this study, we developed and validated a YF PRNT. We optimized different parameters including cell concentration and virus‐serum neutralization time period and then assessed the intra‐ and inter‐assay precisions, dilutability, specificity, and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) using international standard YF serum, sera from vaccinees and human specimens collected through YF surveillance. The YF PRNT has shown good robustness and 100% of intra‐assay precision, 95.6% of inter‐assay precision, 100% of specificity, 100% of LLOQ, and 95.3% of dilutability. The test is, therefore, suitable for use in the YF diagnostic as well as evaluation of the YF vaccine neutralizing antibody response and risk assessment studies.
Financial literacy in individuals trained in economics, management, finance, and accounting
Authors: Tavares Fernando , Santos Eulália , Tavares Vasco
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyse and compare the perception and the knowledge of financial literacy of the Portuguese with training in Economics, Management, Finance, and/or Accounting. It is used a quantitative methodology based on a questionnaire that studies the perception of financial literacy and assesses financial literacy knowledge. The sample is formed by 395 Portuguese individuals with training in Economics, Management, Finance, and/or Accounting. The obtained results show that the scale of financial literacy perception presents a structure with three factors: 1–2 year financial goals and planning, long‐term saving, and taste for numerical calculations. The results also show that the Portuguese individuals present greater levels of financial literacy perception compared to their actual knowledge of financial literacy. The originality of this study shows that the utilized instrument was adequate to measure the financial literacy perception of the Portuguese individuals with training in the areas of Economics, Management, Finance, and Accounting. The difference between the perception and the actual knowledge of financial literacy among people trained in these areas should encourage a revision of the curriculums of these degrees, to shorten that gap.
Severe lichenoid eruption due to concomitant medications following nivolumab administration
Authors: Kakuta Risa , Tanese Keiji , Hirata Kenro , Emoto Katsura , Takeuchi Sakiko , Shiiya Chihiro , Amagai Masayuki , Kubo Akiharu
Published: March 2023

Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been administered for several cancers and have shown great efficacy. However, they are associated with various immune‐related adverse events. Here, we report a case with severe lichenoid eruption following nivolumab administration that improved after the withdrawal of concomitant medications and the patient could continue nivolumab therapy. While nivolumab has been reported to cause severe skin reactions, the current case suggests that severe cutaneous manifestations after nivolumab administration could also be caused by the acquisition of immunogenicity of concomitant medications, including the one that was safely administered before nivolumab treatment and discontinuation of them may enable the patient to continue nivolumab therapy.
Self‐Referenced Subcycle Metrology of Quantum Fields
Authors: Gündoğdu Sinan , Virally Stéphane , Scaglia Marco , Seletskiy Denis V. , Moskalenko Andrey S.
Published: March 2023

A new time‐domain method for subcycle metrology of quantum electric fields using a combination of a third order nonlinear optical process and homodyne detection with a local oscillator (LO) field is proposed and analyzed. The new method enables isolation of intrinsically weak quantum noise contribution by subtraction of the shot noise of the LO on a pulse‐by‐pulse basis. Together with the centro‐symmetric character of the nonlinearity, this method unlocks novel opportunities toward terahertz and mid‐infrared quantum field metrologies.
LITTLE INNOVATIONS THAT MAKE A BIG IMPACT
Authors: Murray Jill , Barone Pricci Erica , Decker Stephanie
Published: March 2023

The authors, including Murray, the President of Lackawanna College in Scranton, Pennsylvania; write about innovation initiatives at the school, and their relevance to other organizations. They focus on what they call “Little Innovations,” described in their words as innovation born from necessity as an organization considers how to solve a central, pressing problem. They delineate five steps to little innovations, which in their words are: (1) Wild Questions: Why Can’t We? (2) Practical Questions: How Can We? (3) Build a Team of Great Thinkers (4) Successful Failures (5) Follow Through. Step one has sub‐questions, such as “What if we re‐imagine the basic assumptions of our business?” In step two, “Think about how to break a big idea into its component parts and try it, taking care to create a timeline and assessment plan to figure out if the initiative is worth continuing or taking to a larger scale.” In step three, “Without a culture of trust and a genuine belief in each other’s brain power, free‐flowing conversations can’t happen.” In step four, “Share your failures and how they helped you pivot to the winning idea.” And in step five, “An idea itself isn’t an innovation until a leader or team can make it come to life and create tangible outcomes.”
Microfoundations of innovation: A dynamic CEO capabilities perspective
Authors: Heubeck Tim , Meckl Reinhard
Published: March 2023

Although sustainable competitive advantages in today's hypercompetitive economy call for strong management skills, the literature lacks a holistic understanding of the specific capabilities chief executive officers (CEOs) utilize to drive innovation. This article derives the dynamic CEO capabilities (DCCs) concept to examine whether CEOs' individual‐level DCCs facilitate firm‐level innovation and proposes that CEO power moderates this relationship. Results from a longitudinal sample of S&P 900 manufacturing firms confirm that strong DCCs drive innovation. Further, powerful CEOs can exert a more significant influence on firms' innovativeness through their DCCs, yet this effect is contingent on the type of CEO power.
Forward uncertainty quantification in random differential equation systems with delta‐impulsive terms: Theoretical study and applications
Authors: Bevia Vicente J. , Cortés Juan C. , Villanueva Rafael J.
Published: March 2023

This contribution aims at studying a general class of random differential equations with Dirac‐delta impulse terms at a finite number of time instants. Our approach directly addresses calculating the so‐called first probability density function, from which all the relevant statistical information about the solution, a stochastic process, can be extracted. We combine the Liouville partial differential equation and the random variable transformation method to conduct our study. Finally, all our theoretical findings are illustrated on two stochastic models, widely used in mathematical modeling, for which numerical simulations are carried out.
Identification of pyroptosis‐related clusters for prediction of overall survival and characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Du Wei , Xia Xueming , Yu Jiayun , Shao Bin
Published: March 2023

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) accounts for one‐third of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC). Although improvements have been made in treatments, the prognosis of patients with LSCC is unsatisfactory. Pyroptosis creates an environment that inhibits tumor growth in various cancers, but pyroptosis regulation in the tumor immune microenvironment in LSCC remains little known. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were used to collect clinical traits and gene expression data of LSCC patients. We present a systematic overview of the immune microenvironment of LSCC based on genetics and transcriptional profiles of pyroptosis‐related genes (PRGs) and divide 220 LSCC into three distinct PRGclusters. Based on the three survival‐related PRGs identified in Lasso‐penalized Cox regression, samples from the training and validation cohorts were divided into two discrete geneClusters. We construct a prognostic model based on Risk score, quantify pyroptosis level and link it with patient outcome. Furthermore, we verified the expression level of one prognostic gene Basic Leucine Zipper ATF‐Like Transcription Factor at the tissue level in the validation experiment. These findings reveal the crucial role of pyroptosis and can assist in predicting patient prognosis, guiding optimal treatment choices, and developing new immunotherapies for LSCC.
An ultra‐wideband high gain antenna with embedded sleeves and hexagonal cavity
Authors: Zhang Honglin , Ye Jianhao , Liao Shaowei , Hu Bin‐Jie
Published: March 2023

Radar detection and imaging systems need ultra‐wideband, high‐gain antennas to improve depth resolution and detection range. This paper proposes an ultra‐wideband high gain differential patch antenna having a peak gain of 12.9 dBi and an average gain of 11.3 dBi in the bandwidth from 7.2 and 26 GHz. Two sleeves are added around the feeding probes to attain ultra‐wideband impedance matching that is explained with an equivalent circuit. A hexagonal cavity with two M‐shaped cutouts improves the gain in the broadside direction by redistributing the current and reshaping the antenna's radiation patterns at different frequencies. The antenna's measured S‐parameter validates the design and confirms it has an ultra‐wide bandwidth. The ultra‐wide bandwidth along with the high gain values make the antenna a promising candidate for high‐resolution radar systems.
Lipid‐Laden Macrophage Index as a Diagnostic Tool for Pediatric Aspiration: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lawlor Claire M. , Choi Sukgi S.
Published: March 2023

Objective

Lipid‐laden macrophage index (LLMI) has been proposed as a marker for aspiration on bronchoalveolar lavage. It has also been studied as a marker for gastroesophageal reflux and other pulmonary diseases. This review aims to determine the clinical correlation between LLMI and pediatric aspiration.

Data Sources

PubMed (MeSH search), Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) portals through December 17th, 2020.

Review Methods

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis criteria were followed, and a quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Methodological Index for Non‐Randomized Studies. Search criteria included all occurrences in the title or abstract of the terms “pulmonary aspiration” and “alveolar macrophages.”

Results

Five studies describing 720 patients met inclusion, 3 retrospective case‐control studies, and 2 prospective observational studies. Four studies suggested a link between elevated LLMI and aspiration, and 1 found no association. Control groups varied and included healthy nonaspirators to nonaspirators with other pulmonary diseases. Diagnosis of aspiration was not standardized across the studies. Three papers proposed cutoff values for LLMI, all different.

Conclusion

The existing literature indicates that LLMI is not a sensitive or specific marker for aspiration. Further study is needed to define the utility of LLMI in pediatric aspiration.
Novel Gas‐Solid Reaction Grown Small‐Size Co‐MOFs on Electrospun Porous Carbon Nanofibers for High Capacity Lithium Storage
Authors: Wu Wenbo , Yang Zunxian , Shen Zihong , Ye Yuliang , Ye Bingqing , Zhou Yuanqing , Huang Qiaocan , Ye Songwei , Cheng Zhiming , Hong Hongyi , Meng Zongyi , Zeng Zhiwei , Lan Qianting , Wang Jiaxiang , Chen Ye , Zhang Hui , Guo Tailiang , Ye Yun , Weng Zhenzhen , Chen Yongyi
Published: March 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered potential electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in the future because of their structural diversity and high controllability. However, due to poor electrical conductivity and few exposed active sites caused by structural stacking, MOFs material is difficult to use as electrode material directly. Therefore, herein, a new preparation method is proposed. Specifically, vapors containing organic ligands reacted with porous carbon fibers loaded with metal ions under high temperature and pressure to prepare porous carbon nanofibers loaded with nanoscale Co‐MOF particles (Co‐MOF/Pcnf). Compared with the solvothermal method, the gas‐solid reaction method can limit the growth of MOFs to a certain extent. Nanoscale MOFs particles have a larger specific surface area, exposing more active sites. The introduction of porous carbon fibers enhances electrical conductivity. These properties have a positive effect on improving the performance and stability of the corresponding batteries. When used as an anode of LIBs, the Co‐MOF/Pcnf composite exhibits a specific capacity of 1036.9 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at 0.5 A g−1 and an excellent long‐term cycling capability (820.33 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 300 cycles). This novel preparation method can provide ideas for future research on electrode materials for MOFs.
Pathogenesis, clinical features, and phenotypes of pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease: A consensus statement from the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute's Innovative Drug Development Initiative ‐ Group 3 Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Piccari Lucilla , Allwood Brian , Antoniou Katerina , Chung Jonathan H. , Hassoun Paul M. , Nikkho Sylvia M. , Saggar Rajan , Shlobin Oksana A. , Vitulo Patrizio , Nathan Steven D. , Wort Stephen John
Published: March 2023

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a frequent complication of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Although PH has mostly been described in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, it can manifest in association with many other forms of ILD. Associated pathogenetic mechanisms are complex and incompletely understood but there is evidence of disruption of molecular and genetic pathways, with panvascular histopathologic changes, multiple pathophysiologic sequelae, and profound clinical ramifications. While there are some recognized clinical phenotypes such as combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema and some possible phenotypes such as connective tissue disease associated with ILD and PH, the identification of further phenotypes of PH in ILD has thus far proven elusive. This statement reviews the current evidence on the pathogenesis, recognized patterns, and useful diagnostic tools to detect phenotypes of PH in ILD. Distinct phenotypes warrant recognition if they are characterized through either a distinct presentation, clinical course, or treatment response. Furthermore, we propose a set of recommendations for future studies that might enable the recognition of new phenotypes.
Quantum‐Based Magnetic Field Sensors for Biosensing
Authors: Bao Bo , Hua Yu , Wang Ridong , Li Dachao
Published: March 2023

The accurate detection of very weak biomagnetic signals with a sensitivity of fT levels and mapping nanoscale magnetic field variations are two of the most significant challenges for biosensing. Compared to the limited sensitivity and spatial resolution of traditional magnetic field sensors, quantum‐based magnetic field sensors are emerging as a promising solution. In this review, the latest developments of three representative quantum‐based magnetic field sensors, including superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers, spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) atomic magnetometers, and nitrogen‐vacancy centers in diamond, are summarized. Both virtues and limitations of these sensors are analyzed systematically, and typical applications in magnetocardiography, magnetoencephalography, detection of neuronal action potentials, magnetic imaging of living cells, biomedical diagnosis, etc., are presented. Furthermore, SQUIDs combined with microfluidics for magnetic immunoassay diagnostics, the chip‐scale SERF atomic magnetometers fabricated by microelectromechanical systems that offer wearable flexibility, and nanodiamonds functionalized with magnetic nanoparticles to improve the sensitivity of nanothermometers are discussed.
Cough remedy leading to chronic cough: An unusual airway foreign body‐Clove
Authors: Varunn M. D. , Jayakumar R. , Tarke Chandrakant , Juvva Kishan Srikanth , Senthil D.
Published: March 2023

The spectrum of presentation of airway foreign body can vary from having mild symptoms to sudden death. Smaller foreign body in distal airways, especially if the patient is unaware of aspiration can result in chronic symptoms mimicking asthma. Clove, has been used traditionally for its medicinal values and commonly used as a cough remedy. In this case series, we report four cases of this unusual airway foreign body which were essentially consumed with an intention to prevent cough, but unfortunately became the reason for their cough.
Robust H∞ control for switched stochastic nonlinear systems under sampled‐data
Authors: Zhao Hongpeng , Wang Jing , Huang Dan
Published: March 2023

In this article, we consider an output feedback control problem of switched stochastic nonlinear systems under sampled‐data, where the switching converts to asynchronous switching if the switching occurs within the sampling interval. We first construct the output feedback sampled‐data controller by the back‐stepping method. And the limiting conditions of the sampling period are obtained based on the average dwell time method. We show that the closed‐loop system is globally mean‐square asymptotically stable and has a weighted ‐gain. Moreover, our theoretical results are applied to two numerical examples to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Expressing Enhanced Inhibitory Effects toward Arachidonic Acid Induced Platelet Activation: Design, Synthesis, DFT Calculations and in vitro Evaluation of Imatinib Analogues
Authors: Kosma Anna , Pantazi Despoina , Voulgari Pinelopi , Ntemou Nikoleta , Brentas Alexios , Alivertis Dimitrios , Siskos Michael G. , Tselepis Alexandros D. , Skobridis Konstantinos
Published: March 2023

Encouraged by the excellent antiplatelet properties of novel imatinib and nilotinib analogues in our previous study and based on a fact that slight structural changes, such as the incorporation of different substituents at the final phenyl ring of imatinib and nilotinib, have a strong impact on their antiplatelet potency, two pairs of constitutional isomers of the imatinib analogues 1, 2 and 3, 4, have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antiplatelet characteristics. The structure geometry of the imatinib analogues 1–4 and NBO (Natural Bond Orbital) charges of the lower energy conformation each of the analogues were explored by DFT. Molecular docking studies were also performed. All compounds were less efficient in inhibiting platelet aggregation induced by ADP or TRAP‐6 in comparison with arachidonic acid (AA). Similar results were obtained for the membrane expression of P‐selectin. The most active compound was also tested to inhibit c‐Src kinase. The present study demonstrates that appropriate modifications of the imatinib structure, may confer on this molecule potent antiplatelet characteristics.
Synthesis of Six New Transition Metal Complexes: Structural Characterization and in vitro α‐Glucosidase Inhibitions Studies
Authors: Azeem Shakil Muhammad , Ullah Saeed , Raza Shah Syed , Al‐Harrasi Rashid , Khan Ajmal , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Anwar Muhammad U. , Powell Annie K.
Published: March 2023

Three one‐pot reactions leading to six new transition metal complexes are presented. The one‐pot reactions involved transformations of 2‐(N’‐dicyanomethylene‐hydrazino)‐benzoic acid (DHB) into three new ligands (Lig‐I)2−, (Lig‐II)2−, and (Lig‐III)2−. The complex [Ni2(Lig‐I)2] ⋅ 3H2O (1) was prepared in a one‐pot synthesis in which ligand, (Lig‐I)2− was formed by the amination of DHB resulting from the nucleophilic attack of an amino group of ethylenediamine (en). The complex [Cu(Lig‐II)(en)(H2O)] (2) was prepared in a one‐pot synthesis in which ligand, (Lig‐II)2− was formed by the nucleophilic attack of an amino group of en resulting in an imidazole ring formation. The dinunclear complexes [Zn2(Lig‐III)2(CH3OH)2] (3) and [Cu2(Lig‐III)2(CH3OH)2] (4), a linear trinuclear complex [Ni3(Lig‐III)(en)2(CH3OH)] (5), and a mononuclear complex [Mn(Lig‐III)(CH3OH)4] (6) were synthesized using a preparation involving conversion of one of the nitriles on DHB into an imino‐ester. The resulting complexes were characterized using a variety of analytical techniques including infra‐red and UV‐vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The complexes displayed α‐glucosidase enzyme inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 1.57–207 μM.
Magnetic Polyeugenol Nanoparticles as a New Sorbent for Solid‐Phase Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Water and Food Samples
Authors: Rezaei Mahdie , Mehdinia Ali , Shemirani Farzaneh
Published: March 2023

In this study, the magnetized polyeugenol was applied as an efficient adsorbent for pre‐concentration of five target polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), acenaphthene, fullerene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, in the aqueous samples. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermo‐gravimetric and zeta‐potential analyses, and vibration sample magnetometry were utilized for characterization of the prepared nanocomposite. Key parameters in the extraction efficiency of PAHs including pH, salt content, adsorbent amount, extraction time and volume of desorption solvent were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, a linear response was observed in the concentration range of 1–75 μg L−1 (R2=0.9980–0.9994). The reasonable relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 3.46 to 5.74 (n=3) were also obtained. The enrichment coefficients were calculated to be 17 as the minimum and 20 as the maximum. The obtained limits of detection and limit of quantitation were respectively in range of 0.09–0.19 μg L−1 and 0.32–0.56 μg L−1. Finally, the adsorbent was used to measure the PAHs content of real samples including tap water, river water and brewed tea. The recoveries were between 80.0 %–100.4 % (for tap water) and 91.1 %–100.5 % (for river water) and 83.4 %–102.1 % (for tea sample).
Construction of A Novel 2D/1D/‐2D RP/BP‐Bi2WO6 Composite with In Situ Junction and Z‐scheme System for Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 and H2O2 Production
Authors: Zeng Yating , Fu Hanping , Liu Liran , Feng Li , Zhang Tianxiang , Liang Qingshuang , Xiao Xiufeng
Published: March 2023

Exploring multifunctional photocatalysts with rational design and construction of unique transport channels is of great significance for the value‐added chemicals production and environmental remediation. In this work, a novel 2D/1D/‐2D RP/BP‐MBWO dual heterostructure photocatalyst has been successfully synthesized by loading the in‐situ grown 2D/1D RP/BP heterostructure on the 2D Bi2WO6 nanosheets. through simple ultrasonic agitation.Benefiting from this favourable interfacial and structural characteristics, the fabricated BP/RP‐MBWO photocatalyst shows a sharply improved photocatalytic H2 and H2O2 evolution performance. Excitingly, the optimal of H2O2 production rate of the BP/RP‐Bi2WO6 composites is as high as 622.5 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation, which is approximately 15 times as that of pure MBWO. The hydrogen production performance of the complexes was significantly improved compared to the pure MBWO samples. When the BP/RP loading was 20 %, the prepared nanocomposites showed the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency with the hydrogen production rate of about 0.77 μmol ⋅ g−1 ⋅ h−1. This work is expected to offer a new inspiration for the rational design and construction of effcient photocatalyst systems toward solar energy capture and conversion.