bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Plight of German Residents of Post-War Poland and Their Identity Issues
Authors: Lemańczyk Magdalena
Published: May 2019

This article discusses hardships faced by Germans and groups regarded as Germans in postwar Poland stemming from practices of central and local authorities such as expulsions, forced labor, national verification and rehabilitation procedures, de-Germanization, first and last names changes, etc. Collective and individual fates of the German population in Poland are highlighted by political, legal, and social processes occurring in Poland as well as by international politics. Most importantly, the article emphasizes the impact of ambiguous and inconsistent policies of the Polish communist state, which resulted in mass German emigration from Poland and paradoxical identity choices leaning increasingly toward Germanness away from Polishness.
Collaboration in the Elementary School: What Do Teachers Think?
Authors: Tichenor Mercedes , Tichenor John
Published: May 2019

Teaching is often seen as an isolated profession in which individual teachers work behind closed doors independentlyfrom other teachers. However, this view of teaching as primarily an individual activity belies the reality of modern,collaborative educational practices that most significantly impact student learning. In this study, we examineelementary teachers’ perspectives on common collaborative practices and discuss what teachers believe are the biggestbenefits of and barriers to teacher collaboration. The results from this investigative survey suggest that althoughteachers do not regularly participate in many collaborative activities, they believe that collaboration is valuable and aneffective use of their time.
Comparing the effects of general and spinal anesthesia on the postoperative pain intensity in patients undergoing emergent or elective cesarean section
Authors: ARSLANTAS Reyhan , UMUROGLU Tumay
Published: May 2019

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effects ofgeneral and spinal anesthesia on postoperative pain intensity andanalgesic agent requirements in patients scheduled for emergent orelective cesarean sections.Patients and Methods: This was a prospective, observationalstudy conducted in patients underwent emergent or electivecesarean delivery under spinal or general anesthesia. Postoperativepain intensity and analgesic agent requirements, postoperativecomplications and patients’ satisfactions were evaluated during thefirst 48 h postoperatively.Results: A total of 212 parturients were enrolled; 104 (53elective, 51 emergent) patients received general and 108 (54elective, 54 emergent) patients received spinal anesthesia.Preoperatively, patients who underwent emergent cesarean sectionunder spinal or general anesthesia had higher Numeric Rating Scale(NRS) scores than the patients who underwent elective cesareandelivery (p<0.001). In the first postoperative 48 h, NRS painscores were similar in patients who underwent emergent or electivecesarean sections under spinal or general anesthesia. Postoperativeanalgesic agent requirements and patients’ satisfactions were notstatistically significant between groups.Conclusion: The effects of general and spinal anesthesia onpostoperative pain were similar in emergent and elective cesareansections. Therefore, postoperative analgesic effect should not be adetermining factor in choosing the anesthesia method in cesareansections.
Prevalence of fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a transient elastography study on the basis of a controlled attenuation parameter
Authors: KANI Haluk Tarik , DELIKTAS İlknur , YILMAZ Yusuf
Published: May 2019

Objective: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic

recurrent inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract

which has an unknown etiology. In this study, we aimed to

investigate the fatty liver disease frequency in IBD patients

using transient elastography (TE) which is a non-invasive and

accurate method for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

Material and Methods: The data were collected from

registered patients retrospectively. On the basis of previous

studies, a cut-off value of 238 dB/m for controlled attenuation

parameter (CAP) was used for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis.

In this study we have also settled CAP value above 238 dB/m

as fatty liver.

Results: A total of 99 patients were enrolled in the study.

Mean age was 45.59 ± 11.72 years and 41 (41.4%) patients were

female. Fifty-eight patients (58.6%) had Crohn’s disease, 39

(39.4%) had ulcerative colitis and 2 (2.0%) had indeterminate

colitis. In 8 (8.1%) patients extra-large probe and in 91 (91.9%)

patients medium probe was used to detect liver steatosis. Fatty

liver disease was detected in 44 (44.4%) patients with IBD.

Conclusion: Despite the nutrition disorders in IBD,

fatty liver disease was seen in 44.4% of patients in our

cohort. However, fatty liver disease may be seen without any

aminotransferase elevation in IBD patients. Therefore, liver

steatosis should always be kept in mind and careful attention

should be paid during follow-up of patients with IBD in our

daily practice.
The Memory of the French Centurions: Asia-Europe Connections in the Tragic Memory of Pierre Schoendoerffer’s Films
Authors: Saldanha Alvarez José Maurício
Published: May 2019

Inspired by Pierre Nora and Maurice Halbwachs, who were French researchers of the mechanism of the memory, and Jean Larteguy, the novelist who gave a voice to the defeated French colonial soldiers, this essay explores the passage of the perilous memories of the veterans of the French Far East Expeditionary Corps, which fought in Indochina between 1945 and 1954, based on the regenerative memory of the war and of Asia and on their memories of themselves. The defeat at Dien Bien Phu resulted in the stigma of a dangerous and traumatic memory. Producers of image and rhetorical discourse, such as the French filmmaker Pierre Schoendoerffer, have undertaken acts of image making through films that transformed the humiliating defeat into a grand and redemptive tragedy. For Schoendoerffer, these acts of filmmaking constituted an unsettling and regenerative experience for both sides, creating a film production of transcultural memories connecting Asia and France.
On some inequalities related to Opial-Type inequality in two variables
Authors: Yang Gou-Sheng , Huang Tien-Shou
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we generalized some inequalities related to Opial-Type inequality in two variables. The analysis used in the proofs is quite elementary.
Sufficient conditions for close-to-convexity of an analytic function in the unit disc
Authors: Padmanabhan K. S. , Rajagopal Rajalakshmi , Selvaraj C.
Published: May 2019

Recently C. Ramesha and others have derived a sufficient condition for functions analytic in the unit disc to be starlike. Subsequently M. Nunokowa and others have improved the earlier results of C. Ramesha and others. In this paper we generalise the results of C. Ramesha and others in a different direction and obtain sufficient conditions for $f(z)$ to be close-to-convex in the unit disc $E$.
Bedrohte Deliberation. Information Warfare und Desinformation als Bedrohung digitaler Öffentlichkeiten
Authors: Schatto-Eckrodt Tim , Boberg Svenja , Wintterlin Florian , Frischlich Lena , Quandt Thorsten
Published: May 2019

Mit der quasi allgegenwärtigen Präsenz des (mobilen) Internets geht zum einen ein großes demokratisches Potential einher: Ganz nach Habermas' Theorie der deliberativen Demokratie können sich Bürger_innen online frei über relevante Themen informieren und in einen Diskurs eintreten, der zu einem gemeinsamen Konsens führt. Auf der dunklen Seite der digitalen Öffentlichkeit werden Fehlinformationen, Propaganda und Hass eine Bühne geboten. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der strategischen Verbreitung von Desinformation in digitalen Öffentlichkeiten, auch Information Warfare genannt. Neben einem Überblick über die aktuelle Forschung stellt dieser Beitrag anhand einer Feldstudie dar, wie eine solche Kampagne aussehen und wie damit erfolgreich umgegangen werden kann.
Was algorithmische Personalisierungsprozesse prägt. Hin zu einer partizipativen Nutzung von algorithmisch personalisierten Medien
Authors: Mahnke Martina Skrubbeltrang
Published: May 2019

Der folgende Artikel knüpft an den in dieser Zeitschrift erschienen Essay „Der Algorithmus, bei dem man mit muss? Ein Perspektivwechsel“ (Mahnke 2015) an. Der Essay plädierte für eine konzeptionell-theoretische Auseinandersetzung mit Algorithmen auf der Grundlage ihrer tatsächlichen praktischen Funktionsweise. Der folgende Artikel führt diese Überlegungen weiter und entwickelt einen theoretisch-konzeptionellen Rahmen, der algorithmische Personalisierung als wechselseitigen Kommunikationsprozess zwischen Algorithmus und Nutzer versteht. Basierend auf der Analyse von Interviews mit Programmierer_innen, Nutzer_innen und Journalist_innen untersucht der Artikel anschließend empirisch, welche Dimensionen diese Algorithmus-Nutzer Kommunikation grundsätzlich prägen. Der Artikel endet mit einigen Bemerkungen, wie eine partizipative Nutzung von algorithmisch personalisierten Medien aussehen kann.
Bei Liebeskummer: Hilfe im Netz? Internet-Selbsthilfeforen als Ressource sozialer Unterstützung
Authors: Hünniger Julia
Published: May 2019

Der Artikel beschreibt die Qualität sozialer Unterstützung in Internetforen, speziell in Liebeskummerforen, auf Basis einer Forenanalyse, einer Online-Befragung und problemzentrierter Interviews. Soziale Unterstützung in Internetforen hat eine andere

Qualität als in klassischen Settings wie in Gesprächen unter Freunden oder in einer Selbsthilfegruppe, was in erster Linie auf strukturelle Besonderheiten computervermittelter Kommunikation zurückführbar ist. Im Forum entwickeln sich neue Kommunikations- und Beziehungsmuster, denn die Kontakte unter Nutzer_innen erreichen zum einen ein hohes Maß an Intensität und sind zum anderen auf eine bestimmte Lebensphase begrenzt, wie beispielsweise nach der Trennung vom Partner.
Når omsorgen udliciteres
Authors: Felding Simone Anna , Schwennesen Nete
Published: May 2019

Vi undersøger i denne artikel den særlige relation, der opstår mellem mennesker med demens, deres pårørende og plejepersonalet, når demensramte flytter på plejehjem – det vi kalder en omsorgstrojka. Når demensramte flytter på plejehjem, er det ikke bare de fysiske rammer, der skiftes ud, der sker også et skift i de nære relationer, hvorigennem mennesket med demens lever sit liv. I denne artikel ser vi nærmere på den ambivalente og ofte konfliktfyldte omsorgstrojka, der opstår mellem demensramte, deres pårørende og plejepersonale og de nye former for forbundethed, der opstår igennem denne relation. Vores analyse tager udgangspunkt i feltarbejde foretaget på en demensafdeling på et dansk plejehjem, vi kalder Frydendal, hvor der gentagelsesvist opstod konflikter mellem plejepersonale og pårørende. Konflikterne handlede ofte om, hvordan der bedst kunne drages omsorg for beboerne. Hvor begge parter ønskede det bedste for beboeren, var der ofte en grundlæggende uenighed, i forhold til hvordan det bedst kunne foranlediges. Ved at belyse hvordan omsorgen praktiseres i samspillet mellem pårørende, demensramte og plejepersonale, viser vi, hvordan genstanden for omsorgen og hvad den er rettet mod, er forskellig blandt hhv. pårørende og plejepersonale. Hvor pårørende trækker på en historisk erindring om mennesket med demens’ person og søger at opretholde en kontinuitet i deres omsorgspraksisser og måden de møder mennesket med demens på, tager plejepersonalet udgangspunkt i en mere situationsbestemt og institutionsforankret omsorgspraksis, som i højere grad er rettet mod kollektivet og et ønske om at bevare roen blandt beboerne på plejehjemmet. Vi argumenterer afslutningsvist for, at der er brug for et større institutionelt fokus på at håndtere de dilemmaer, konflikter og samarbejdsformer, der opstår i denne omsorgstrojka, når mennesker med demens flytter på plejehjem.
De l’alcool et des histoires : perceptions diachroniques et multigénérationnelles entourant la consommation d’alcool et sa régulation chez les Anicinabek
Authors: Inksetter Leila , Bousquet Marie-Pierre
Published: May 2019

Cet article se penche sur différents intervenants, contemporains et passés, pour examiner leur positionnement par rapport à l’alcool consommé par les Anicinabek entre le début du XIXe siècle et aujourd’hui : les commerçants de fourrure, les chamanes, les prêtres catholiques, les membres de la Gendarmerie royale du Canada, les agents des Affaires indiennes et les leaders communautaires anicinabek. Nous explorons d’abord les comportements adoptés par chacun d’eux à l’aide de sources historiques, puis observons la perception contemporaine qu’ont différentes générations d’Anicinabek sur ces mêmes intervenants historiques à partir de sources orales. Ce faisant, nous montrons qu’à la fois chez les Anicinabek et les intervenants eurocanadiens, certaines personnes ont encouragé la consommation d’alcool, alors que d’autres ont plutôt inhibé sa consommation. Nous montrons que les perceptions contemporaines de ces différentes interventions passées peuvent varier en fonction de l’âge de l’informateur et de son vécu.
« Pas juste un soûlon » : le boire et l’agentivité chez les Eeyous de Chisasibi chez les Eeyous de Chisasibi
Authors: Vallée Jacky
Published: May 2019

Il arrive souvent que le comportement et l’identité des Eeyous (Cris) de Chisasibi (Québec) qui consomment de l’alcool et sont ivres en public soient réduits à ceux de victimes : victimes de la colonisation et des tentatives d’assimilation, victimes de violence familiale, victimes de dépendances. Les autres membres de la communauté déconseillent fortement de s’adresser directement aux buveurs*et les chercheurs en anthropologie les ignorent la plupart du temps. Cet article ethnographique s’appuie sur l’observation participante et sur des entrevues semi-formelles effectuées auprès de femmes et d’hommes adultes qui se disent buveurs ou ex-buveurs. Il met en lumière le point de vue de personnes dont la consommation d’alcool actuelle ou passée est considérée comme un « problème » par leur communauté et par les chercheurs en sciences sociales. En adoptant une approche phénoménologique, l’auteur utilise les concepts de « monde vécu » (lifeworld) et d’agentivité pour illustrer le fait que les individus réfléchissant à leurs propres comportements participent activement à la vision du monde de leur communauté. Bien que ces personnes soient qualifiées de « soûlons » ou de « zombies », elles parlent d’elles-mêmes en référant aux divers autres aspects de leurs identités et à leur propre capacité d’agir. Ce faisant, elles s’approprient leurs identités en tant que membres de leur communauté et revendiquent leur capacité d’agir en dépit des sous-entendus voulant qu’elles aient renoncé à ces identités et à cette capacité en buvant de manière excessive.
Souffrance, jugement moral et « société addictogène » : les registres de sens du traitement de la dépendance
Authors: Pedersen Line
Published: May 2019

Cet article explore la teneur de l’évaluation morale dans les modes de traitement du « trouble addictologique » en s’intéressant aux trajectoires des personnes en prise avec des produits psychoactifs inscrites dans une démarche d’arrêt ou de diminution des consommations d’alcool ou des drogues illicites. En suivant ces trajectoires de sortie, j’ai pu questionner leur passage dans deux entités de traitement, les Centres de Soin, d’Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie (CSAPA) et les groupes d’entraide associatifs (Vie Libre, Narcotiques et Alcooliques Anonymes). À partir d’une posture ethnographique, à la fois compréhensive et critique, nous explorons la construction de la « sortie » des addictions au regard des contraintes morales, sociales et institutionnelles. L’article se fonde sur des données de recherche recueillies de 2010 à 2013. Elle combine à la fois l’observation directe des milieux, ainsi que des entretiens biographiques et semi-directifs réalisés avec des intervenants (nb 15) et des personnes dépendantes (nb 41).

L’analyse qualitative de données met en évidence que le travail biographique déployé par les personnes dépendantes permet une mise à distance de l’expérience de l’emprise. Il s’agit de constituer un jugement moral sur ses comportements passés sous l’effet des produits. La catégorie de trajectoire de déprise permet donc de rendre compte des formes subjectives de (se) composer avec ou sans les produits sans renvoyer à l’idéal d’abstinence. C’est seulement au moment de la mise en récit devant les pairs ou les professionnels que l’on peut parler d’une rupture biographique. En ce sens les entités médiatisent les récits des personnes dépendantes, parce qu’elles contribuent à construire un cadre d’énonciation des récits, et donc de distinguer ce qui peut être dit ou pas. Cet article interroge l’aspect contraignant de ce processus, en ce sens que l’obligation de se raconter participe aussi à construire un sujet moral capable de s’autocontrôler.
Carrés, cimetières et musulmans. Les impensés de l’immigration et de la citoyenneté au Québec
Authors: Rachédi Lilyane , Idir Mouloud , Sarenac Javorka
Published: May 2019

Cet article présente l’analyse des résultats d’une étude commandée par le ministère de l’Immigration, de la Diversité et de l’Inclusion, portant sur les besoins et les enjeux entourant les demandes de terrains confessionnels pour les personnes de confession ou de culture musulmane au Québec. Il ne présente pas d’hypothèse scientifique en soi. Il propose d’abord de considérer les lieux de sépulture comme marqueurs de temporalité et d’intégration. Ensuite, les résultats démontrent un processus de négociation de la norme religieuse de la part des musulmans, entre autres, pour soutenir le deuil. Enfin, l’étude insiste sur l’urgence de considérer très sérieusement le sentiment d’islamophobie vécu et de traiter de l’enjeu des lieux de sépulture dans une optique de citoyenneté active et d’égalité.
L’expérience du deuil chez les migrants centraméricains en transit au Mexique
Authors: Stoesslé Philippe , Rodriguez-Maroun Ana Victoria
Published: May 2019

Le Mexique est un point de passage obligé pour les migrants centraméricains en situation irrégulière qui tentent d’atteindre les États-Unis. En intégrant des contributions de la psychologie sociale et de la sociologie, notre étude exploratoire se concentre sur un sous-groupe extrêmement vulnérable de cette population. Nous avons mené dix entretiens en profondeur avec des migrants qui ont vécu le deuil d’un être cher du premier cercle familial pendant leur transit au Mexique. Après avoir analysé leurs stratégies d’adaptation au deuil et l’importance des réseaux de soutien social, nous avons observé une association entre le capital social des migrants et leur capacité de résilience. Ce travail fournit des informations qui peuvent servir de base pour de plus amples recherches liées au thème de la mort en contexte de mobilité.
Pratiques funéraires et ressources de migrants en procédure d’asile confrontés à la mort d’un proche
Authors: Konan N’Dri Paul , Girardet Khedidja
Published: May 2019

Du fait de leur inscription dans le processus d’asile et à cause des statuts que leur confèrent les lois nationales dans le domaine, les migrants requérants d’asile ne peuvent que très difficilement quitter la Suisse en cas de décès d’un proche resté au pays. Aussi, dans cet article, nous présentons les résultats d’une étude qualitative exploratoire portant sur les pratiques mises en oeuvre et sur les ressources mobilisées par ces migrants confrontés à un tel événement. Les résultats témoignent d’un deuil mis parfois en suspens qui ne peut se comprendre que par la conjugaison des contraintes structurelles associées à leur statut juridique, d’une part, et par les ressources qu’ils sont à même de mobiliser dans ce temps d’attente qu’est l’asile, d’autre part.
Complicações bucais em crianças e adolescentes hospitalizadas durante o tratamento antineoplasico
Authors: Welter Ana Paula , Cericato Graziela Oro , Paranhos Luiz Renato , Santos Tito Marcel Lima , Rigo Lilian
Published: May 2019

Introdução: Durante o tratamento antineoplásico, células normais também são afetadas, incluindo assim, as células da mucosa oral, o que potencialmente causa complicações orais.

Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a prevalência das principais complicações bucais e índice de higiene oral em crianças e adolescentes submetidas à quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia.

Método: O delineamento é do tipo observacional de prevalência realizado em um Hospital do Sul do Brasil. Foram coletados dados de 21 pacientes de 5 a 12 anos de idade em tratamento, a partir de um questionário auto aplicativo para os responsáveis pelos pacientes e um exame clínico intraoral. Os indicadores utilizados foram o índice CPOD (dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados) para cárie dentária, o índice IHOS (higiene oral simplificada) para Higiene Oral e a presença de mucosite, xerostomia e candidíase.

Resultados: A maior parte da amostra era do sexo masculino (57,1%) média de 8 anos de idade (dp 2,92), diagnosticados com leucemia (47,6%). Todos os participantes receberam quimioterapia como tratamento de escolha e 38,1% receberam radioterapia como parte do tratamento. Os resultados evidenciariam presença de mucosite em 61,9% e xerostomia em 28,6% dos pacientes. Nenhum paciente apresentou candidíase durante o exame clínico. Quanto a cárie dentária, 66,7% tem um CPOD de 4 e 16, considerado alto e 38,1% dos pacientes apresentaram presença de placa bacteriana e cálculo dentário.

Conclusão: As principais complicações bucais evidenciadas durante o tratamento antineoplásico foram mucosite e xerostomia. Foi observado também um alto índice de cárie dentária, consequência de uma inadequada higiene oral.
Relevância diagnóstica dos Gráficos de Recorrência na caracterização de Saúde, Doença ou Morte, em humanos
Authors: Godoy Moacir Fernandes de , Gregório Michele Lima
Published: May 2019

Gráficos de recorrência (GR) têm sido utilizados para avaliar sistemas dinâmicos complexos, sendo o corpo humano um excelente modelo. Foram analisados ​​os elementos quantitativos e qualitativos do GR na diferenciação de Saúde, Doença e Morte. Séries temporais de batimentos cardíacos normais foram coletadas em recém-nascidos saudáveis ​​(Grupo A1), crianças saudáveis ​​(Grupo A2), adultos jovens saudáveis ​​(Grupo A3), adultos saudáveis ​​de meia-idade (Grupo A4), idosos residentes em casas de repouso (Grupo B), indivíduos com doença renal crônica avançada (Grupo C) e indivíduos com morte encefálica declarada ou em estado de morte iminente (Grupo D). O grupo A3 apresentou a melhor homeostase (menor recorrência). Os grupos A1 e D apresentaram os maiores valores de recorrência. Em termos visuais qualitativos, o Grupo A3 apresentou distribuição mais difusa e uniforme, um indicativo de melhor homeostase e o Grupo D foi totalmente linear, a pior condição. Um padrão parabólico foi claramente evidenciado. Em conclusão, foi possível, utilizando a correlação de apenas duas variáveis ​​(SDNN e TT), diferenciar tanto de modo quantitativo como qualitativo os estados de Saúde, Doença e Morte usando GR.
Perfil das Tentativas de Suicídio Atendidas em um Hospital Público de Rio Branco, Acre de 2007 a 2016
Authors: Boas Andreia Cristina Vilas , Monteiro Quiria Ribeiro da Silva , Silva Romeu Paulo Martins , Meneguetti Dionatas Ulises De Oliveira
Published: May 2019

Introdução: Estima-se que 1 milhão de mortes por suicídio ocorram anualmente no mundo, e estudos sugerem que há 10 a 40 tentativas para cada consumação de suicídio, revelando seu alto impacto (pessoal, social e econômico) e sendo considerado pela OMS como um grave problema de saúde pública.

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil das tentativas de suicídio registradas no banco de dados de um hospital público de Rio Branco/AC, no período de 2007 a 2016.

Método: Este é um estudo retrospectivo-descritivo, com secundária. A amostra foi composta por 569 casos de tentativas de suicídio de pessoas residentes na cidade de Rio Branco. A análise foi realizada por meio de frequências simples, absolutas e relativas das variáveis, estratificadas por ano de tratamento, sexo, faixa etária, métodos utilizados e região de residência.

Resultados: Houve uma diferença significativa em relação ao gênero após uma mudança no sistema em 2014, e a frequência no gênero feminino foi maior. A intoxicação foi o método mais comumente usados, principalmente por mulheres. O grupo de maior risco foi de 10 a 29 anos, totalizando mais de 70% dos casos, revelando uma maior prevalência de tentativas de suicídio em adolescentes e adultos jovens.

Conclusão: O presente estudo aponta que as tentativas de suicídio no município de Rio Branco/AC são mais frequentes em adolescentes e jovens adultos, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária dos 10 a 29 anos, sendo a intoxicação medicamentosa o método mais utilizado, principalmente entre as mulheres.
Prevalence of Asthma symptoms and risk factors in adolescents
Authors: Assis Elisangela Vilar de , Santana Milana D. R. , Feitosa Ankilma Do N. A. , Sousa Milena N. Alves de , Isidório Ubiraídys De A. , Valenti Vitor E. , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, which is increasing its prevalence among teenagers recently. The trigger-related factors are numerous, including environmental factors, genetic, food among others.

Objective: Investigate the prevalence of asthma symptoms and possible risk factors in adolescents.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study conducted in 104 adolescents aged between 13 to 14 years old of both sexes from four educational institutions: three private and one public. Participants answered two questionnaires: one on risk factors for allergic diseases (EISL) and the other on asthma symptoms (ISAAC asthma module).

Results: 104 adolescents answered the questionnaire: 54.8% girls and 45.2% boys. Male subjects had the most active asthma (64%) than female (20%) (p = 0.01) and also had more physician-diagnosed asthma (34.4%) than girls (6.1%) (p = 0.04), more wheezing after exercise (34.4%; 12.1%) (p = 0.03). Regarding the association between the symptoms and the risk factors we observed a statistically significant relationship between the presence of wheezing and hospitalization for public schools girls (p = 0.05).

Conclusion: There is a higher prevalence of asthma symptoms in males than in females unlike other studies was observed.
Snakebites in the Municipality of Tarauacá, Acre, Western Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Saboia Clarine De Oliveira , Bernarde Paulo Sérgio
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Snakebites are a public health problem and are considered a common clinical emergency in several tropical countries, especially in rural and forested regions where these animals are more frequent. It is estimated that approximately 28,800 cases of snakebites per year occur in Brazil, with an average of 119 deaths, in which the north region has the highest rate of incidence. However, the accuracy of these data ends up being brought into question, since there are undoubtedly many cases of under-reporting and even cases that are not reported at all, due to logistical and geographical reasons or due to a lack of preparation as to the precise identification of the problem.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the reported cases of snakebites victims in the municipality of Tarauacá (Acre), comparing the morbidity coefficient with other Amazonian regions, and to observe possible factors associated with the appearance of complications in these cases.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study through the analysis of the clinical-epidemiological information found on the notification sheets of the Information System of Notification Diseases of victims of snakebites that occurred during the period between 2012 and 2016 in Tarauacá.

Results: We recorded 96 snakebite cases during the study period, with the majority (95.8%) classified as botropic, followed by laquetics (3.2%) and one by a non-venomous snake (1%). No deaths were recorded. Snakebites were more frequent in rural areas (87.5%), most being an occupational accident, and affected mainly adult male individuals in their lower limbs. Most cases occurred during the rainy season and had a positive correlation with rainfall.

Conclusions: The morbidity coefficient registered in Tarauacá in 2016 (72.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) was higher than that recorded in the cities of Cruzeiro do Sul and Rio Branco and in the states of Acre and Amazonas. Although most patients receive antivenom within the first six hours, many victims do not receive appropriate hospital care until more than 24 hours after the envenoming, which is a factor associated with the appearance of complications.
HUBUNGAN WAKTU PENGGUNAAN SERAGAM KLINIK DENGAN PENINGKATAN JUMLAH MIKROORGANISME
Authors: Handiyani Hanny , Megapurwara Yasephin
Published: May 2019

AbstrakPengelolaan seragam klinik perlu mendapatkan perhatian, mengingat pengelolaan seragam klinik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan penyebaran infeksi nosokomial (IN). Pencegahan infeksi nosokomial dapat dilakukan melalui pengaturan penggunaan seragam klinik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi sejauh mana hubungan waktu penggunaan seragam klinik dengan peningkatan jumlah mikroorganisme. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama tiga hari berturut-turut terhadap tiga sampel seragam dengan membandingkan jumlah koloni pada seragam sebelum penggunaan, penggunaan hari pertama, dan setelah penggunaan hari kedua. Berdasarkan analisis data menggunakan rumus ANOVA didapatkan data terjadi peningkatan yang bermakna terhadap jumlah koloni pada penggunaan seragam pada hari kedua dibandingkan dengan jumlah koloni sebelum penggunaan seragam (p value 0,012). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya peningkatan kesadaran mahasiswa dalam mengelola seragam kliniknya sebagai upaya mengontrol terjadinya infeksi nosokomial (IN) dengan cara mengganti seragam klinik setiap hari. AbstractThe clinical uniform management needs more attention since its’ inappropriate clinical management may increase the insident of nosocomial infection. The prevention of nosocomial infection can be done by an appropriate clinical uniform management. This study aimed to measure the correlations between the lenghts of use the uniform and the increase in the number of microorganism. This study used the decriptive correlation design. This study was done three days in rows to three uniform samples by comparing the number of microorganism before it was used, after the first day of its usage and after the second day of its usage. Based on the ANOVA analysis, the study found that there is a significant increase in the number of microorganism of the second days of its usage compared with before its usage (p value 0,012). This study recommends that the students’ awareness should be increase on clinical uniform management as a way to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection by changing the uniform everyday.
PEMANFAATAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENAGA KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri
Published: May 2019

AbstrakTujuan penelitian fenomenologi ini adalah mengidentifikasi persepsi perawat dan keluarga pasien HIV/AIDS tentang pengetahuan yang diperlukan perawat dan keluarga yang merawat untuk merawat pasien HIV/AIDS di rumah sakit dan di rumah. Sejumlah 5 perawat & 5 keluarga pasien berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan 6 hal yang harus diketahui perawat. Persepsi perawat tentang pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang harus dimiliki perawat saat merawat pasien HIV/AIDS adalah: (1) pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang konseling, (2) ARV & efek sampingnya, (3) Universal Precaution, (4) symptom management, (5) dukungan mental, dan (6) penanganan jika terpapar HIV. Sedangkan dari keluarga ada 4 hal yang harus diketahui oleh keluarga saat mereka merawat pasien di rumah, yaitu: (1) pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS & cara penularannya, (2) pengetahuan tentang tanda & gejala HIV/AIDS, (3) pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang pencegahan penularan (Universal Precaution) dan (4) symptom management. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah perlu ada penelitian lanjut pada jumlah responden yang lebih luas. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan efektifitas asuhan keperawatan pada pasien HIV/AIDS dan juga kualitas hidup pasien saat mereka di rumah. AbstractThe purpose of this phenomenology study was to identify the nurse’s and relative’s perception on knowledge and skill needed by the nurses & relatives in caring patient in the hospital and in their house. Ten respondents (5 nurses and 5 relatives of the patients) participated the study. The findings identified knowledge & skill needed by nurses are: (1) knowledge & skill on counseling, (2) Anti Retro Viral therapy & its side effect, (3) universal precaution, (4) symptom management, (5) mental support, and (6) treatment standard on occupational exposure to HIV. The findings from the relative’s are: (1) knowledge on HIV/AIDS and how it spreads (2) knowledge on signs & symptoms of HIV/AIDS, (3) knowledge & skill on universal precaution and (4) symptom management. Some recommendations of the study were proposed that this study should be continued to have some other respondents. The result of these studies could be beneficial to improve the nursing care to the HIV/AIDS patient and their quality of life during AIDS stage, and it could be beneficial to the improvement the effectively of the nursing care of patient with HIV/AIDS.
Uji Coba Model Pendeteksian Terhadap Penganiayaan Usia Lanjut di Keluarga
Authors: Rekawati Etty , Widyatuti Widyatuti , Fitriyani Poppy
Published: May 2019

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah tersusunnya model pendeteksian terhadap penganiayaan usia lanjut di keluarga. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah riset operasional, yang pelaksanaannya pada tahap I desain yang digunakan adalah eksploratif, pada tahap II menggunakan desain konfirmatif dan tahap III pengambilan data untuk mengidentifikasi masalah penganiayaan usia lanjut di keluarga. Sampel yang digunakan 11 petugas kesehatan dan 44 usia lanjut yang tinggal di keluarga yang dipilih secara acak di Kecamatan X di wilayah Jakarta Timur. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil: instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini didapatkan nilai kevalidan sebesar 0,6900 – 0,7378 yang merupakan nilai lebih dari nilai r tabel (r = 0,288), ini menyatakan bahwa hubungan antar pertanyaan dengan nilai keseluruhan instrument cukup baik, dengan realibilitas (menggunakan α-cronbah) sebesar 0,7275. Masalah penganiayaan yang ditemukan adalah sebesar 18,18% usia lanjut di keluarga mengalami penganiayaan fisik, 97,73% penganiayaan emosi, 13,64% penganiayaan seksual, 31,82% penganiayaan ekonomi/finansial, 61,36% pengabaian dan 29,55% mengalami penelantaran. Usia lanjut yang sering mengalami penganiayaan yaitu yang berumur 60 – 75 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, bersuku bangsa Jawa, Agama Islam, tingkat pendidikan SD dan sudah berstatus janda/duda. Model ini dapat digunakan pendeteksian terhadap penganiayaan usia lanjut secara dini sehingga bagi usia lanjut yang sudah terdeteksi dianiaya oleh keluarga dapat dilakukan penanganan secepatnya. AbstractThe purpose of the study was to arrange detection model of elderly abuse in family. This study used operational research that first stage use eksploratif, second stage use confirmative design, and third stage was data collection to identify elderly abuse in family. Sample that was taken are 11 health staff and 44 elderlies who live in family and randomly chosen. The area of this study was in X district, East Jakarta. The result of this study indicated that validity value is 0,6900-0,7378 (r table = 0,288) with reability (use -cronbah) is 0,7275. This study showed that 18,18% of elderly have physical abuse, 97,73% have emotional abuse, 13,64% have sexual abuse, 31,82% have economic/ financial abuse, 61,36% neglect and 29,55% abandon. The elderly that tend to be abused ranges about 60-75 years old, women, Javanese, Islamic, level of education background is primary school, widow/widower. This study can be used to detect elderly abuse as early as possible to improve elderly welfare in community.
Peran Perawat Dalam Menurunkan IMR dan MMR Melalui Desa Siaga
Authors: Setyowati Setyowati
Published: May 2019

AbstrakAngka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia yang masih tinggi serta Indonesia yang berada di lingkungan yang berbahaya alamnya membuat masyarakat harus selalu sadar dan siaga untuk mempersiapkan diri dalam segala hal. Oleh sebab itu pemerintah melakukan mobilisasi massa dan pemberdayaan masyarakat serta mendorong setiap desa mengembangkan “desa siaga “ sebelum akhir 2008. Perawat yang merupakan ujung tombak pelayanan kesehatan yang bekerja selama 24 jam, merupakan tenaga yang seharusnya diperhitungkan untuk kesuksesan program ini. Maka perawat dengan mengacu dari prinsip –prinsip praktik keperawatan komunitas yaitu: kemanfaatan, prinsip otonomi, keadilan harus dapat menerapkan perannya sebagai pemberi pelayanan, pendidik, pengelola, konselor, advokat/pembela pasien, dan sebagai peneliti. AbstractThe Indonesian infant mortality rates and maternal mortality rates that still high, and also the position of Indonesia islands in a very danger area, makes the community have to be aware in every aspect and ready to for catastrophe that every time can happen. For that reason the Indonesian government starts to mobilize the community and empower them by encouraging to develop”desa siaga’ or “prepared villages” in every village before 2008. Nurses as the grass rotes in the health service that work 24 hours can utilize for successful of this program. Nurses with their principles of community intervention: benefit, autonomy, and equality have to apply their roles as care provider, educator, manager, counselor, advocate, and researcher.
Balutan Parcel Alternatif Penatalaksanaan Fistula Gastrointestinal pada Luka Dehiscence: Studi Kasus
Authors: Dahlia Debie
Published: May 2019

AbstrakFistula merupakan saluran abnormal antara lumen organ berongga dengan organ berongga lainnya atau dengan kulit. Fistula gastrointestinal terjadi sebagai akibat dari komplikasi pascapembedahan abdomen dan manifestasi sekunder dari proses patologi intraabdomen. Fokus penatalaksanaannya pada upaya mempertahankan keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit, mengistirahatkan intestin dan mendukung nutrisi, pengobatan medis, melindungi kulit sekitar luka, dan menampung cairan fistula. Strategi menampung cairan fistula merupakan komponen utama pada penatalaksanaan fistula non pembedahan. Studi kasus ini menggambarkan upaya\untuk menampung cairan fistula, memberikan kenyamanan, memfasilitasi penyembuhan luka, dan melindungi kulit sekitar luka seorang laki-laki berusia 66 tahun dengan luka dehiscence dan fistula di dalam luka. AbstractA fistula is an abnormal passage between the lumen of a hollow viscous organ and another hollow organ or the skin. Gastrointestinal fistula present as devastating complication following postoperative abdominal surgery and as secondary manifestation due to primary intra-abdominal pathologic processes. Management challenges focus on maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, providing bowel rest and nutrition support, initiating medication treatment, ensuring skin protection, and containing the fistula effluent. Containing the fistula effluent is a key component of non-surgical fistula management. Following extensive abdominal surgery, the wound of a 66 years old man dehisced and a gastrointestinal fistula formed inside the wound. This case study describes efforts to contain fistula drainage, while providing comfort, facilitating wound healing, and protecting the periwound skin.
Beberapa Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Penggunaan NAPZA pada Remaja di Balai Pemulihan Sosial Bandung
Authors: Tambunan Roselina , Sahar Junaiti , Hastono Sutanto Priyo
Published: May 2019

AbstrakPerilaku penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja meningkat tajam tiap tahunnya dan menimbulkan berbagai dampak kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan desain cross sectional ini adalah mengetahui hubungan faktor individu dan lingkungan dengan perilaku penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja di Balai Pemulihan Sosial Bandung. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dari 72 responden yang sedang mengikuti program rehabilitasi Therapeutic Community. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor individu dengan sub variabel keingintahuan, keinginan diterima kelompok, mengikuti kecenderungan, mencari kenikmatan serta faktor lingkungan dengan sub variabel keluarga tidak harmonis dan kontrol sosial berhubungan dengan perilaku penggunaan NAPZA dengan nilai p < 0,25. Sub variabel determinan dengan perilaku NAPZA adalah keingintahuan, mencari kenikmatan, dan keluarga tidak harmonis nilai r = 0,548 yang berarti memiliki hubungan yang kuat dan koefisien determinasi (r²) sebesar 0,301 menjelaskan variasi variabel perilaku penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja sebesar 30,1% sehingga dapat dikatakan ketiga variabel memiliki hasil yang cukup baik untuk menjelaskan variasi perilaku penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja. Sub variabel paling besar hubungannya dalam menentukan perilaku penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja adalah variabel keluarga tidak harmonis dengan nilai B 1,272. Keluarga dan remaja menjadi fokus intervensi dalam pencegahan perilaku penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja melalui pemberdayaan keluarga, promosi kesehatan, dan pencegahan masalah kesehatan. AbstractDrug abuse case in adolescent is significantly increased every year. This study was aimed to find the relationship between individual and environmental factor with the drug abuse in adolescent at a Social Rehabilitation Center in Bandung. This correlative-descriptive research was conducted on a cross sectional design involving 72 responders who were joining the Therapeutic Community program. The data was collected through a questionnaire. This study indicated that the individual factors with the sub variables curiosity, group acceptance, following trend, getting pleasure and the environmental factors including non-harmonic family and social control were related to the use behavior of NAPZA with the p value < 0,25. The determinant sub variable of drug abuse which were curiosity, getting pleasure, and non-harmonic family showed strong relationship with the r-value 0,548 (r2 = 0,301). Non-harmonic family had the highest B value (1,272) which also showed the closest relationship with the drug abuse behavior in adolescent. Family and adolescent are the focus of intervention to prevent the drug abuse behavior in adolescent by a preventive and health promotive actions.
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif
Authors: Afiyanti Yati
Published: May 2019

AbstrakPenilaian kualitas suatu temuan penelitian, baik kuantitatif maupun kualitatif memerlukan pembahasan tentang keabsahan data/validitas (trustworthiness) dan reliabilitasnya. Secara tradisional, penilaian validitas dan reliabilitas dalam penelitian kuantitatif telah memiliki standar baku yang mengacu pada pengujian isi dan kegunaan alat ukur yang dipakai untuk memperoleh data temuannya. Namun, pada penelitian kualitatif, kedua aspek penilaian ini masih menjadi isu yang dipertanyakan, terutama ketika mempertanyakan keilmiahan temuan-temuan metode tersebut. Sesuai pengalaman penulis, aspek validitas dan reliabilitas dapat menjelaskan berbagai teknik operasional yang mendukung rigoritas (ketepatan) data yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian kualitatif, yaitu kredibilitas, dependabilitas, konfirmabilitas, dan transferabilitas. AbstractThe quality evaluation in research findings, both of quantitative and qualitative, needs a demonstrated trustworthiness and rigorist. Traditionally, validity and reliability evaluating in quantitative research focus on standardized data collection instruments. However, the validity and reliability in qualitative research, is still a questionable issue, especially when asking about scientific findings of the work. Moreover, both of the validity and reliability describe operational techniques supporting the rigor of the work: credibility, dependability, conformability, and transferability.
Peningkatan Kepuasan Kerja Perawat Melalui Kebijakan dan Motivasi
Authors: Purwaningsih Endang , Yetti Krisna , Ayubi Dian
Published: May 2019

AbstrakKebijakan, supervisi dan motivasi adalah sebagian dari faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional untuk mengetahui hubungan kebijakan, supervisi, dan motivasi dengan kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana di salah satu rumah sakit di Jawa Timur. Penentuan sampel yaitu total populasi sejumlah 146 perawat. Berdasarkan hasil uji univariat didapatkan sebagian besar perawat mempunyai persepsi tidak baik tentang kebijakan, supervisi, dan mempunyai persepsi baik tentang motivasi, dan puas dalam pekerjaannya. Hasil regresi logistik didapatkan motivasi merupakan variabel yang paling berhubungan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat (OR 11,688; p= 0,000). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perawat yang mendapat motivasi akan puas 12 kali dibandingkan perawat yang tidak mendapatkan motivasi oleh manajer keperawatan, sedangkan kebijakan merupakan variabel kedua yang berhungan dengan kepuasan kerja (OR 2,436;p=0,017). Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa motivasi dan kebijakan merupakan variabel yang dapat menjelaskan kepuasan kerja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disarankan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan secara periodik dan ada sosialisasi apabila ada kebijakan baru. AbstractRegulation, supervision system, and motivation are several factors which affected nurse’s satisfaction. This study used cross sectional design to identify the relationship between regulation, supervision system, and motivation with the work satisfaction of the associate nurse at one of the hospitals in East Java. The sample taken was the total population of was 146 nurses. Based on univariate analysis, it was known that most of the nurses had positive perception toward the regulation, supervision system, and motivation; more over they were also satisfied with their work. The regression logistic result showed that motivation was the most related variable with the work satisfaction of the nurses (OR 11.688; p= 0.000). This condition showed that the nurse who got motivation to work would gain 12 times of satisfaction level compared with the nurse who was not motivated by the nurse manager. Meanwhile, regulation was the second highlyrelated variable with the work satisfaction (OR 2.436; p= 0.017). The researcher concluded that motivation and regulation were the variables which could explain the work satisfaction. Based on this research, it was recommended to conduct the evaluation toward the current regulation periodically and socialize for the new regulation.