bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pilot Results for ECoLoGiC-Tx: A New Conversation-Level Intervention Improving Language in People With Moderate to Severe Aphasia
Authors: Leaman Marion C. , Edmonds Lisa A.
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

This study reports pilot data for a novel intervention, ECoLoGiC-Tx, delivered to four people with moderate to severe aphasia. ECoLoGiC-Tx addresses language and communication in unstructured, participant-led conversation. The speech-language pathologist (SLP) uses a framework to choose turns that facilitate a social interaction. When communication breakdown occurs, the SLP implements a least-to-most hierarchy to maximize the people with aphasia's (PWA's) independence in self-repair. ECoLoGiC-Tx draws its theoretical underpinnings from conversation analysis and theories of rehabilitation, including principles of complexity, neuroplasticity, and learning.

Method:

Four PWA attended 60-min sessions twice weekly for 10 weeks. Assessment occurred at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6-week maintenance. Outcomes included established discourse measures for conversation and monologue, tests of language and functional communication, and patient-/family-reported outcome measures (P/FROMs). Discourse samples were collected three times per assessment. Interrater reliability and fidelity for assessment and treatment procedures are reported.

Results:

Participants presented with Broca's aphasia (one moderate, one severe) or conduction aphasia (one moderate, one severe). Each demonstrated improvements in discourse, test batteries, and P/FROMs. They all demonstrated reduced aphasia severity measured by the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised at posttreatment or maintenance. Change in conversation and monologue was robust for three participants, but was mixed for one person (P1: moderate Broca's aphasia). P/FROMs indicated improvement at posttreatment and maintenance for all participants. Most treatment gains were maintained at 6-week follow-up.

Conclusions:

This study provides promising results for ECoLoGiC-Tx to improve language function of people with chronic moderate to severe aphasia. Generalization occurred to tests, functional communication, spontaneous conversation, and structured monologue tasks.
Children's Command of Four Inflectional Constructions in Arabic: Differences and Development With Age
Authors: Asadi Ibrahim A. , Asli-Badarneh Abeer , Elhija Duaa Abu , Mansour-Adwan Jasmeen
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

This study examines whether differences in acquisition exist among the inflectional constructions of number, gender, possessive pronouns, and tense. Moreover, the study investigates whether these inflectional patterns develop with age.

Method:

The participants were 1,020 Arabic-speaking kindergartners from K2 and K3. Children were assessed in morphological tasks, which targeted four different morphological inflectional constructions both in real words and pseudowords: gender, number–plural, possessive pronouns, and tense.

Results:

Findings reveal the differences between all inflectional constructions. In other words, children demonstrated higher performance in gender construction, followed by construction of numbers and possessive pronouns, while the lowest performance is shown among tense construction. In addition, the results indicate that all inflectional constructions develop with age, that is, there was higher performance in K3 than in K2 in all inflection constructions.

Conclusions:

This study contributes to our knowledge about early language development by showing that the acquisition of gender and number–plurals is faster and more advanced than the acquisition of possessive pronouns or tense. The implications of these results are discussed, especially the need to develop children's inflectional forms such as possessive pronouns and tense, which may eventually also impact narrative understanding and production.
Frequency diverse array beampattern synthesis method with low sidelobes by integrating mayfly algorithm and convex programming
Authors: Xiao Mengxuan , Shao Xiaolang , Hu Taiyang , Zhang Jinyu , Xiao Zelong
Published: November 2023

The range‐angle coupling characteristics of traditional frequency diverse array (FDA) will deteriorate target localization performance. To address this problem, several decoupling methods for FDA have been developed in the past decade, mainly including deterministic methods and global optimization methods. However, most of these methods are based on frequency offset design and do not fully utilize other design degrees of freedom, such as excitation and element spacing, which limits obtained pattern performance. In this letter, a low‐sidelobe FDA pattern synthesis method is proposed by jointly optimizing frequency offset, array spacing and excitation. The entire optimization process is treated as two sub‐optimization problems, that is, a non‐convex sub‐problem involves frequency offset and array spacing, and a convex sub‐problem involves excitation. By integrating the mayfly algorithm and convex programming techniques, this synthesis problem can be effectively solved. Compared with the current state‐of‐the‐art counterparts, the proposed method takes full advantage of the FDA's design freedom and generates a doted beampattern with lower sidelobes.
Image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and DNA coding
Authors: Li Lizong
Published: November 2023

A novel image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and DNA encoding is proposed in this paper. Unlike the traditional DNA‐based encoding method, a more fine‐grained encryption approach is adopted, which enhances the security of the system. To address the inherent binary arithmetic limitation of traditional DNA computing, the authors develop a novel symmetric and reversible DNA subtraction operation that fully utilizes the encryption advantage of DNA computing. To enhance security, the authors introduce a DNA crossover mechanism based on pixel, which can generate different ciphertexts even for the same pixel values. In the algorithm, the authors propose a diffusion strategy that combines left diffusion, right diffusion, and XOR parameters. This strategy not only ensures the avalanche effect, where even a single pixel change in the plaintext image will cause a drastic change in the ciphertext image, but also greatly enhances the security of the algorithm. Experimental results and performance analysis indicate that the authors’ proposed system has good encryption performance and the ability to resist noise attacks and clipping attacks.
Non‐contact vital signs monitoring in broiler chickens
Authors: Hossain Md. Shafkat , Pramanik Sourav Kumar , Rahman Atikur , Ali Shahin , Islam Shekh Md Mahmudul
Published: November 2023

Measuring the heartbeat and respiration of animals continuously can provide valuable information about their health status. Respiratory‐related diseases are very common in the poultry industry and unfortunately, there is no non‐contact respiratory monitoring system for measuring the breathing rate and heart rate of the broiler chicken. In this letter, the authors explored and tested the feasibility of utilizing a 24‐GHz continuous‐wave (CW) radar module for monitoring the vital signs (breathing rate and heart rate) of broiler chickens. A signal processing approach has been developed to extract vital signs of broiler chicken from Radar‐captured signals. The experiment was carried out on three different normal broiler chickens with the ages of 25–30 days, weight 1.18–1.6 kg where a 24‐GHz radar module was mounted at a distance of 0.2 m above the chest surface of the chicken, and this particular experiment was repeated for 20 times. The authors also used a reference ECG module (Biopac System) for extracting the breathing rate and heart rate of the broiler chicken and compared the accuracy of their proposed system. Experimental results demonstrated that the radar measurement closely matches the Biopac ECG acquisition module measurement and showed an accuracy of 96% for a short‐scale study.
A portrait of the vast polar structure as a young phenomenon: Hints from its member satellites
Authors: Taibi S. , Pawlowski M. S. , Khoperskov S. , Steinmetz M. , Libeskind N. I.
Published: November 2023

Context. It has been observed that several Milky Way (MW) satellite dwarf galaxies are distributed along a coherent planar distribution known as the vast polar structure (VPOS).

Aims. Here we investigate whether MW satellites located on the VPOS have different physical and orbital properties from those not associated with it.

Methods. Using the proper motion measurements of the MW satellites from the Gaia mission and literature values for their observational parameters, we first discriminate between systems that may or may not be associated with the VPOS, and then compare their chemical and dynamical properties.

Results. Comparing the luminosity distributions of the on-plane and off-plane samples, we find an excess of bright satellites observed on the VPOS. Despite this luminosity gap, we do not observe a significant preference for on-plane or off-plane systems to follow different scaling relations. The on-plane systems also show a striking pattern in their radial velocities and orbital phases: almost all co-orbiting satellites are approaching their pericentre, while both counter-orbiting ones are leaving their last pericentre. This is in contrast to the more random distribution of the off-plane sample. The on-plane systems also tend to have the lowest orbital energies for a given value of angular momentum. These results are robust to the assumed MW potential, even in the case of a potential perturbed by the arrival of a massive Large Magellanic Cloud. Considering them a significant property of the VPOS, we explore several scenarios, all related to the late accretion of satellite systems, which interpret the VPOS as a young structure.

Conclusions. From the results obtained, we hypothesise that the VPOS formed as a result of the accretion of a group of dwarf galaxies. More accurate proper motions and dedicated studies in the context of cosmological simulations are needed to confirm this scenario.
Features of the development of strawberry microplants in vitro
Authors: Kononenko Anna , Ivakhnova Oksana , Kondratiev Vitalij , Kiselev Maksim
Published: November 2023

This article presents the results of a study of the effect of different sterilizers and nutrient media of different composition on the characteristics of the growth and development of garden strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) microplants in vitro. To introduce a plant into a cell and tissue culture, two very important conditions must be met - to choose the right sterilizing solution, its concentration and processing time, and to choose the right balanced nutrient medium suitable for a particular culture. The studies were carried out on two varieties of garden strawberries: Favorit and White Swede. Sterilization of plant material was carried out with two sterilizers - 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and 1% silver nitrate solution. Studies have shown that the largest number of sterile explants was obtained by sterilizing the material with silver nitrate. Subsequently, viable meristems were planted on three nutrient media of different composition. According to the data obtained, it can be concluded that the MS nutrient medium with the addition of cytokinin 6-BAP at a concentration of 1 mg/L turned out to be the best in terms of the multiplication factor, the percentage of survival and the height of microplants..
Justification of the parameters of the ripper of the harrowing unit
Authors: Kurbanov E.
Published: November 2023

The following article describes the disadvantages of existing trailed harrowing units while preparing fields before sowing in early spring, such as: inconvenience in cleaning toothed harrows from weeds, attracting additional transport and labor when moving the trailed unit from one field to another, excessive labor costs, time losses, and eliminating these disadvantages by creating highly efficient wide-reach mounted units, as well as substantiating the parameters of working bodies based on theoretical and experimental studies. In addition, the article contains the results of scientific, theoretical and experimental studies on the operation of a highly efficient and easy-to-use wide-reach unit for high-quality soil preparation for planting.
Linear-dynamic model of the problem of optimization of placement and alternation of crops in cropping rotation
Authors: Muhamediyeva D.T. , Rakhmonova M.R. , Sotvoldiyev D.M.
Published: November 2023

The problem of determining the best positioning and rotation of crops within fields of crop rotation has been approached through two different methods, static and dynamic. In the static model, specific schemes are chosen based on the predetermined number and size of rotation fields that can accommodate a particular crop. The model takes into consideration various factors such as crop yields within the same field, cotton production volume, labor costs, production expenses, and conditional net income. The optimization criterion in this model is to minimize production costs and maximize conditional net income, which is the difference between the costs of gross output per hectare and production expenses per hectare. The initial data is computed using long-term farm data, and information is prepared for each crop rotation scheme to enable a comprehensive evaluation of all crop rotation schemes and fields while taking into account major indicators of farm production.
Development of a protein stabilizer from collagen-containing raw materials for the food industry
Authors: Ponomarev Vsevolod , Yunusov Eduard
Published: November 2023

The paper considers the perspective of using low-value products of cattle carcasses processing to increase the usage of protein raw materials in the production of sausage products. Protein hydrolysates from collagen-containing raw materials have been obtained by consecutive enzymatic and peroxide-alkaline treatment. The effect of enzymatic and chemical treatment on the structural elements of collagen fibers has been studied by confocal microscopy. It was revealed that the enzymatic treatment led to a violation of the protein framework integrity. The hydrolysates had a disturbed spatial structure with signs of dehiscence. Protein stabilizer recipe with replacement of low-grade raw materials (veins and tendons) by protein hydrolysate has been proposed. The developed protein stabilizer has high technological properties and can be used for partial replacement of meat raw materials in the manufacture of sausage products.
Evaluation of the resistance of medicago breeding samples to the action of abiotic stressors at the early stages of ontogenesis
Authors: Dumacheva E.V. , Sajfutdinova L.D. , Pechegina Yu.V. , Maksimova P.V. , Usoltseva E.V. , Panchenko E.D.
Published: November 2023

New knowledge was obtained about the relationship between the parameters of photosynthesis, transpiration and dark respiration in alfalfa varieties of various ecological and geographical origin at the early stages of ontogenesis, depending on the intensity of abiotic stressors: salinity conditions (0.3 M NaCl) and various intensity of photosynthetically active radiation (from 0 to 1500 mol*m−2 s−1). Purpose of the work: assessment of the potential resistance of alfalfa varieties and breeding samples to abiotic stressors for breeding for adaptability. To determine the parameters of gas exchange of cotyledon leaves of alfalfa varieties, a portable system for measuring plant gas exchange LI-6800, LI-COR, USA was used. The results of a two-way ANOVA analysis of the influence of the salinity factor and illumination conditions on the resulting signs of gas exchange parameters showed that the proportion of the influence of the genotype of breeding samples on the studied effective signs associated with the operation of the photosynthetic apparatus (the intensity of CO2 assimilation and the intercellular concentration of CO2) ranged from 7.25 to 21.35%; associated with water exchange parameters (transpiration and stomatal conductivity for H2O) varied from 18.80 to 19.84%. Selected breeding samples of alfalfa with high resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus to abiotic stressors.
The influence of irrigation regimes on cotton productivity
Authors: Ismoilova H.D. , Eshdavlatova G.E.
Published: November 2023

In the article, the authors found that improving soil moisture with irrigation has a positive effect on the growth of cotton, but does not always have a positive impact on the number of bolls. According to the results of the research, it was found that the flowing waters of the Karshi steppe are located at a depth of 1.5-2.0 m and 3-4 m. It has been determined experimentally that the irrigated moisture content of cotton soil under light gray soil conditions is 70-75-65% relative to incomplete field moisture content. According to the research carried out in the first experimental area, the presence of seepage water on its surface, and the salinity of the soil showed the optimality of a particular regime.
Optimization of multifunctional powing unit parameters
Authors: Malashikhin Nikolai , Yudina Elena , Papusha Sergey , Kadyrov Michael
Published: November 2023

Technology of soil moldboard plowing with a reversible plow with the simultaneous the main mineral fertilizer application, as well as additional crumbling of plowed layer and leveling the field surface, is substantiated. Using the modeling of operation process of complex plowing unit, its optimal parameters and operating modes are substantiated. Feature of the structural and technological scheme of the proposed unit is the use of reversible high-speed plow PSK with a reinforced frame structure, with a low energy intensity of the plowing process due to the elimination of plow land-sides, with devices for crumbling furrow slice and leveling field surface with simultaneous mineral fertilizer application. Incorporation and application of fertilizers into the soil without a break in time improves operation quality and reduces costs. Block diagram of algorithm for optimizing parameters and modes of proposed multifunctional plowing unit operation is presented and dependence of tractor engine power on its mass is approximated. Mathematical model and algorithm for optimizing the parameters and modes of complex unit operation have been developed, using as an optimization criterion, the minimum value of total energy consumption for the performance of operation process with a working speed limit of up to 15 km/h, plow working width of up to 6 m, plow specific resistance coefficient of up to 80 kN/m2, plowing depth of up to 0.3 m, fertilizer hopper capacity up to 4 m3, furrow length of up to 2 km. The K-701 tractor has been adopted as a power unit. At the minimum value of the optimization criterion, the following parameters have been substantiated: plow width, working speed, fuel consumption, performance, power unit tractive effort, traction power, fertilizer hopper capacity. Dependences of optimization criterion on the unit parameters and modes of its operation have been obtained.
Creating a digital platform with a deep neural network for detecting plant diseases using information technology
Authors: Bogodukhova E.S. , Britvina V.V. , Mukhanova A.A. , Gelmiyarova V.N. , Agostinho A.C.
Published: November 2023

This article is devoted to the detection of plant diseases using a platform with a deep neural network using information technologies. The goal of the work is to create a publicly available platform for detecting plant diseases, which is based on a model of a deep neural network trained in 45 classes of 15 crops (apple, corn, blueberry, rice, cherry, grapes, peach, orange, bell pepper, potatoes, raspberries, soybeans, strawberries, tomato and tea). The use of digital image processing is proposed to detect diseases. The study of many plant species has shown that this method has a high potential for determining the yield and quality of plants and is superior to traditional methods. Based on the finished Plant Disease Expert image data set taken from Kaggle, an EfficientNetB3 model was created that showed impressive results in the average accuracy of determining plant diseases - 98.1%. The article is supplied with graphic materials and tables, as well as a detailed description of each stage of the study.
The chemical composition of the three-part beggarticks (Bidens tripartita L.)
Authors: Rodin Mikhail , Potapova Daria , Bokov Dmitrii , Kovaleva Tatiana , Samylina Irina
Published: November 2023

In the present article, we have studied the main groups of biologically active substances of the bur-marigold (Bidens tripartita L.) herb using the UPLC method with photodiode array and MS/MS detection. Eighteen compounds have been identified, including the glycosides of luteolin, okaniin, and sulfuretin, polyacetylenes, and hydroxycinnamic acids. The quantitative content of flavonoids (0.7-1.2%) and polysaccharides (4.1-7.5%) was computed by spectrophotometry and gravimetry.
Modeling of heat exchange processes in a condenser of a pyrolysis bioenergy plant
Authors: Uzakov Gulom , Mamatkulova Sayyora , Ergashev Shaxriyor , Qodirov Farruh , Turayev Aziz
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of mathematical modeling of heat exchange processes in the condenser of a pyrolysis plant, in order to identify the optimal parameters for cooling the biomass pyrolysis steam. A mathematical model of the thermal balance of the condenser of a pyrolysis plant has been developed for the calculation, selection and thermal analysis of the working cycle of the condenser, which allows to obtain the values of the optimal parameters of the temperature regime. The technological scheme of a pyrolysis bioenergy plant with a recuperative heat exchanger, which simultaneously provides hot water, gaseous and liquid biofuels to the consumer, is presented. The analysis of the obtained results shows that the water temperature at the outlet of the condenser of the pyrolysis plant is on average in the range of 60-70°C and suitable for heat supply systems of an autonomous consumer.
Mathematical modeling the heat balance of a solar pond device
Authors: Uzakov Gulom , Elmurodov Nuriddin , Toshboev Abdimalik , Sultonov Samandar
Published: November 2023

This article describes the method of accumulation and use of solar energy in the development of heat energy necessary for industrial processes and building heat supply in the southern climate of Uzbekistan. The thermal and technical calculation of the experimental solar pond built in the city of Karshi (size is 0.7m and 1.5m, height is 1.5m) is presented in the research paper. The energy storage efficiency of the solar pond layers was calculated analytically at 25% salt concentration of pond water, in values of 700 W/m2, 800 W/m2, 900 W/m2 and 1000 W/m2 of solar radiation, in values of 20 оС, 25 оС, 30 оС, 35 оС of ambient temperature in the non-stationary mode of solar pond device. Mathematical model of the time variation of layer temperatures was developed (on the basis of boundary conditions) during the propagation and absorption of solar radiation along the depth of the solar pond.
Mathematical modeling of the drying chamber of the combined solar dryer-cooler unit
Authors: Ruzikulov Gulom , Ibragimov Umidjon , Ruzikulov Azim , Sherkulov Bakhrom , Khidirov Mirabbos
Published: November 2023

This research paper presents the mathematical model and numerical results of the heat and mass exchange processes in the drying chamber (DCh) of the combined solar air collector SAC indirect solar dryer (SD) designed for drying 30 kg of fresh apple slices in one drying cycle. This dryer allows you to reduce the moisture content of apple slices from 62% to 17%. Also, physical processes in the DCh are modeled on the basis of balance equations when various parameters affecting the product drying process change. The solution of these equations makes it possible to determine the temperature change in different elements of the SD, and then the drying kinetics of apple slices. It is possible to theoretically and experimentally determine the change in temperature and humidity of the product during drying of other types of products in the proposed SD.
Influence of climate data quality on predictive accuracy of production and consumption of energy resources by a city
Authors: Guzhov S.V. , Torop D.V. , Bashlykov M.S.
Published: November 2023

The article provides a list of hazardous climatic phenomena and examples of some of their effects on the constituent structural elements of the power plant. In the framework of this article, the impact of the duration of hot weather on the operation of nuclear power plants is considered. An analysis was made and the stations most susceptible to global climate change in terms of increasing summer temperatures were identified. For the two most representative stations, modeling based on artificial neural networks was performed and conclusions were drawn about an increase in the number and duration of hot days per year. The best forecast result for St. Petersburg NPP is 54.59%, for Kursk NPP - 22.18%. The structure and method of formation of the predictive function are analyzed. Methods are proposed to improve the accuracy of the forecast by varying the discretization value of the initial data, as well as by changing the activation function of the artificial neural network.
Energy Management of PV-based Parking Lots Considering Utility Satisfaction
Authors: Elsayed Youmna , Hamouda Mohamed R. , Mohamed Maher , El-Shimy Mohamed
Published: November 2023

The urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has prompted the exploration of cleaner energy options such as renewable energy resources (RES) and electric vehicles (EVs). With the increasing use of RES and EVs, there are new opportunities and challenges for the stakeholders involved, and traditional centralized power system management methods are insufficient to handle the complexity. The energy management of photovoltaic (PV)-based parking lots is one of the challenges tackled in recent research. The main obstacle in applying previous research is the elimination of the utility objectives from the energy management models. This paper proposes an energy management framework that enables the integration of PV-based parking lots in a smart grid environment, considering the satisfaction of the utilities as a key player. The proposed framework is modeled using an optimization software package (GAMS), and the results are compared with two different cases to ensure its feasibility and effectiveness. The proposed model succeeded in taking the utilities satisfaction into account by managing the charging and discharging of the EVs.
PtCoNi Alloy Towards Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Wu Jiayun , Cong Yuanyuan
Published: November 2023

A ternary alloy catalyst, CoNi-Pt/C-600, was prepared using a simple polyol method and thermal annealing treatment, and its oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in acidic medium was studied.X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the catalyst particles. These techniques provided information on the structure and morphology of the catalyst. Electrochemical testing was conducted to evaluate the ORR activity and stability of the catalyst. CoNi-Pt/C-600 was compared with JM Pt/C. The results showed that the mass activity (MA) of CoNi-Pt/C-600 was 1.87 times higher than that of JM Pt/C (CoNi-Pt/C-600: 174.02 mA/mgPt, JM Pt/C: 93.22 mA/mgPt). The specific activity (SA) of CoNi-Pt/C-600 was 3.60 times higher than that of JM Pt/C (CoNi-Pt/C-600: 0.6537 mA/m2Pt, JM Pt/C: 0.1814 mA/m2Pt). This indicates that CoNi-Pt/C-600 exhibits better ORR activity. Furthermore, durability testing demonstrated the superior electrocatalytic performance of CoNi-Pt/C-600. In conclusion, this study successfully prepared a ternary alloy catalyst, CoNi-Pt/C-600, with excellent ORR activity and stability. This research provides valuable reference for the development of efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Effects of vegetation restoration on ecosystem carbon storage and distribution pattern in semi-arid mining area
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Xin , Li Qiang , Ye Xiaodong
Published: November 2023

In order to explore the effect of artificial planting to promote vegetation restoration on ecosystem carbon storage in coal mining subsidence area, the distribution pattern of ecosystem carbon storage in mining area during vegetation restoration was studied by space-time substitution method.The results showed that : (1) The biomass of vegetation layer increased gradually with vegetation restoration, and the biomass distribution ratio of each component was shrub layer (92.1%) > litter layer (5.5%) > herb layer (2.4%). The biomass of shrub and herb layer was mainly distributed in the aboveground part, the former accounted for 73.2 %, and the latter accounted for 83.4 %. (2) The carbon content of the vegetation layer was shrub (45.5%) > herb (43.6%) > litter (38.7%). The total carbon storage was in the early initial of vegetation restoration (1657.1 kg hm-2) < mid-term vegetation restoration (4830.6 kg hm-2) < mature stage of vegetation restoration (8446.4 kg hm-2), and shrub was still the main storage part of carbon storage in this layer. In summary, vegetation restoration can significantly increase the carbon storage of the ecosystem, the proportion of carbon storage in the vegetation layer gradually increases.
Design and Selection of Pipelines for Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Plants
Authors: Luo Ning , Xiao Bin , Liu Wei , Duan Yanglong , Niu Dongsheng
Published: November 2023

The principle of Compressed-air energy storage is that the compressed air energy storage system uses compressed air as the energy storage carrier, which is a physical Energy storage that uses mechanical equipment to realize energy storage, transfer and utilization across time and space. At present, Compressed-air energy storage is the second largest technology that is considered suitable for GW level large-scale electric energy storage after pumped storage. Compressed air energy storage has outstanding advantages such as large scale, low cost, long service life, and short construction period. As a key link connecting compressors, expanders, and gas storage devices, the compressed air main pipeline has characteristics such as high operating pressure, low internal fluid temperature, large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor pipelines, and frequent start and stop. The design, calculation, and installation of the compressed air main pipeline will affect the economy and reliability of the entire system, and even bring serious destructive accidents. This article comprehensively introduces the selection method and process of compressed air energy storage pipeline design, and further verifies the feasibility and accuracy of the design method through case studies of specific projects. It provides convenience and calculation methods for the large-scale development of compressed air energy storage projects in the future[1].
Simulation and optimization of drying and salt formation process for radioactive high-salt waste liquid of medical isotope test reactor
Authors: Fan Chunxin , Luo Feng , Yang Huiqing , Fan Jiheng , Li Maomao
Published: November 2023

Medical isotope test reactor is the first reactor in the world. In order to implement the principle of minimizing radioactive waste, the radioactive waste liquid adopts advanced drying and salt formation technology. According to the current dry salt formation technology a number of problems arise due to the complexity of the feedstock waste stream. In this study, a thermodynamic electrolyte simulation model was developed and its predictive accuracy was verified for complex electrolyte systems. Then, sensitivity analysis and discussion of the operating parameters such as temperature, pH and salt adjustment of the dry salting technology are presented. The new approach of the thermodynamic electrolyte simulation model has been used to improve and optimise the safety aspects of the technology and the associated process configuration. It provides a certain general idea and follow-up theoretical guidance for drying salt formation technology.
Multi-objective shape optimization of developable Bézier-like surfaces using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm
Authors: Lu Jing , Su XiaoBo , Zhong Jingyu , Hu Gang
Published: November 2023

The shape optimization design of the developable surface is an important research topic in CAD/CAM, and it is widely used in engineering manufacturing. In this paper, NSGA-II (the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm) is used to study the multi-objective shape optimization problem of generalized cubic developable Bézier-like surfaces (GCDBLS, for short) to promote the application of GCDBLS in industrial software and engineering design. Firstly, the shape optimization of developable surfaces is transformed into the shape optimization of dyadic curves based on the point-to-plane duality theory. Secondly, a multi-objective shape parameter optimization model is developed based on three surface optimality criteria (the shortest arc length, the smallest energy, and the smallest curvature change rate of the dual curve). Finally, the results of shape parameter optimization of GCDBLS obtained by NSGA-II are compared with MSSA and MOGOA to verify the feasibility and superiority of NSGA-II in solving multi-objective shape optimization problems for developable surfaces and the flexibility of GCDBLS in the construction of developable surfaces.
Effects of Resveratrol Co-Administration on Celecoxib Disposition and Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Helal Nagwa I. , El-Khodary Noha M. , Omran Gamal A. , El-Masry Soha M.
Published: November 2023

The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol (RSV), a natural herbal remedy used as an adjacent anti-inflammatory supplement on, the pharmacokinetics of celecoxib in healthy male volunteers. Twelve healthy human participants were involved in two-period open-labeled trial. Celecoxib (200 mg) was given as a single oral dose under fasting conditions as a control phase. Afterward, RSV (500 mg) commenced as a single oral dose for ten days as a treatment phase. Blood samples were collected during the control and treatment phases and analyzed using the validated High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. RSV pre-exposure significantly increased the area under the curve (AUC0–24), peak plasma concentration (Cmax), absorption rate constant (ka), and prolongated half-life (t1/2), along with a decrease in elimination rate constant (ke). Meanwhile, the volume of distribution (Vd/F) and apparent total body clearance (CL/F) were significantly decreased for celecoxib. There was no significant change in the time it takes for celecoxib to reach the maximum concentration (tmax) was observed. The obtained results suggested the presence of a beneficial pharmacokinetic interaction between RSV and celecoxib. Consequently, combining resveratrol as an herbal remedy and celecoxib as an anti-inflammatory drug may synergistically reduce inflammation and osteoarthritis with minimal side effects.
Evaluation der psychischen Belastung geburtshilflicher Patientinnen
während des Besuchsverbots der Kliniken im Rahmen der
SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie: Eine prospektive, multizentrische, kontrollierte
Studie
Authors: Geißler Carmen , Knoerlein Julian , Bohlmann Michael K. , Brandt Andreas , Guluzade Durdana , Gerber Monika , Watermann Dirk , Weiz Olga , König Gudrun , Markfeld Filiz , Klar Maximilian , Juhasz-Böss Ingolf , Kunze Mirjam
Published: November 2023

Einleitung Zu den Risikofaktoren für eine postpartale Depression
zählen fehlende soziale Unterstützung und empfundene soziale
Isolation. Wir möchten ermitteln, ob die Isolation der
stationären Patientinnen auf den Wöchnerinnenstationen im Rahmen
der Corona-Pandemie zu einer erhöhten psychischen Belastung
führt.

Methoden und Durchführung Es handelt sich um eine multizentrische,
kontrollierte Studie geburtshilflicher Patientinnen ab der 35+0
Schwangerschaftswoche, die im Rahmen eines stationären Aufenthaltes
geboren haben. Eingeschlossen wurden Patientinnen während des
Besuchsverbots (Studiengruppe) sowie im Anschluss an das Besuchsverbot
(Kontrollgruppe). Es erfolgte die Erhebung psychischer Belastung durch den
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) während des
stationären Aufenthaltes und sechs bis acht Wochen postpartal.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt konnten 194 Frauen eingeschlossen werden, 107 in die
Studien-, 87 in die Kontrollgruppe. Im Gesamtergebnis des ersten EPDS zeigt sich
ein höherer Score in der Studiengruppe im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe
(7,0 vs. 4,9 Punkte).Primipara zeigen einen höheren Score im ersten EPDS
im Vergleich zu Multipara (7,28 vs. 4,82 Punkte).Frauen, die per Sectio caesarea
entbinden, weisen unabhängig von der Isolation einen höheren
Wert im ersten EPDS auf als Frauen, die vaginal entbinden (8,42 vs. 5,11
Punkte). Vergleicht man nur die Frauen, die vaginal entbinden, zeigt sich
weiterhin ein erhöhter EPDS-Score in der Studiengruppe (5,97 vs. 4,07
Punkte).

Schlussfolgerung Im Rahmen der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie sind Gebärende
und Wöchnerinnen, hierunter vor allem Primipara, erhöhtem
psychischen Stress in den Kliniken ausgesetzt. Die Entbindung per Sectio
caesarea führt zu erhöhter psychischer Belastung
unabhängig vom Besuchsverbot der Kliniken.
Diuretic, Natriuretic, And Ca2+-Sparing Effect Of
The Alkaloid Boldine In Rats
Authors: Steimbach Viviane Miranda Bispo , da Silva Ritade Cássia Vilhena , Mariano Luísa Nathália Bolda , Zanovello Mariana , Macarini Anelise Felício , da Silva Luisa Mota , de Souza Priscila
Published: November 2023

Background Previous studies indicate the renal vasodilating effects of
boldine, an alkaloid found in Peumus boldus. However, its potential to
induce diuresis still needs to be studied.

Methods Wistar rats were used and the urine volume was noted for
8 h and further studied.

Results The acute treatment at 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg of
boldine showed a diuretic, natriuretic, and Ca2+-sparing
effect in rats without changing the urinary elimination of
K+and Cl-. When boldine was given in combination
with hydrochlorothiazide, there was an increase in urinary volume compared to
the vehicle group. However, this was not different from the treatments in its
isolated form. Urine Ca2+values ​​remained
low but were not enhanced by this association. The excretion of
Na+and Cl- was significantly increased
compared to the group that received only vehicle or boldine. On the other hand,
although the association of amiloride plus boldine did not result in a diuretic
effect, the increase in Na+and the reduction in
K+excretion were significantly potentiated. Furthermore,
in the presence of the non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine,
boldine showed reduced capacity to increase urinary volume, maintaining the
natriuretic and Ca2+-sparing effect, besides a very evident
K+-sparing action. Similar results were obtained in the
presence of the non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin.
Furthermore, boldine showed an ex vivo antiurolithiasis activity, reducing
calcium oxalate’s precipitation and crystallization.

Conclusions This study reveals the diuretic, natriuretic,
Ca2+-sparing, and antiurolithiatic effects of boldine, an
action possibly related to muscarinic receptor activation and prostanoid
generation.
Linked-color imaging versus high definition white-light endoscopy for evaluation of post-polypectomy scars of nonpedunculated lesions: LCI-Scar study
Authors: Ortiz Oswaldo , Daca-Alvarez Maria , Rivero-Sánchez Liseth , Saez De Gordoa Karmele , Moreira Rebeca , Cuatrecasas Miriam , Balaguer Francesc , Pellisé Maria
Published: November 2023

Background Detection and treatment of recurrence after piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection of nonpedunculated colorectal polyps are crucial for avoidance of post-colonoscopy cancer. Linked-color imaging (LCI) has demonstrated improved polyp detection but has never been assessed for evaluation of post-polypectomy scars. Our aim was to compare sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between LCI and white-light endoscopy (WLE) for detection of post-polypectomy recurrence.

Methods Patients undergoing surveillance colonoscopy after resection of lesions ≥15 mm were included in this prospective, single-center, randomized, crossover study. Each post-polypectomy scar underwent two examinations, one with LCI and the other with WLE, performed by two blinded endoscopists. Blue-light imaging (BLI) was then applied. A diagnosis of recurrence with a level of confidence was made for each modality and histopathology was the gold standard.

Results 129 patients with 173 scars were included. Baseline patient, lesion, and procedural characteristics were similar in both arms. Recurrence was detected in 56/173 (32.4%), with 27/56 (48.2%) adenomas and 29/56 (51.8%) serrated lesions. LCI had greater sensitivity (96.4% [95%CI 87.8%–99.5%]) versus WLE (89.3% [95%CI 78.1%–95.9%]) and greater NPV (98.1% [95%CI 93.4%–99.8%] versus 94.6% [95%CI 88.7%–98.0%]). Paired concordance between modalities was 96.0%. In discordant cases, LCI identified four true-positive cases not detected by WLE and reclassified one false-positive of WLE. WLE reclassified two false positives of LCI without any increase in recurrence detection.

Conclusions LCI was highly accurate and had greater ability than WLE to rule out recurrence on post-polypectomy scars after resection of large polyps.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation versus surgical resection of insulinomas
Authors: Jürgensen Christian , Eckart Marius , Haberbosch Linus , Tacke Frank , Sandforth Arvid , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Overkamp Dietrich , Daniels Martin , Mogl Martina , Goretzki Peter , Strasburger Christian , Mai Knut , Spranger Joachim , Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg Reiner
Published: November 2023

Purpose Insulinoma is a rare tumor of the pancreas that can lead to hypoglycemia. To date, the standard therapy is surgical resection. After the first case report of successful endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS) ethanol injection 16 years ago, the need for establishing an alternative treatment method remains unchanged given the high morbidity rates of surgery and its unsuitability in some patients.

Materials and Methods Here, we provide retrospective data from 33 insulinoma patients that were treated at our center between 2010 and 2021. Of these, 9 patients were treated with EUS-guided ethanol injection and 24 underwent pancreatic surgery.

Results The ethanol group was older (ethanol: mean ± SE 67.8±11.2 years vs. surgery: 52.3±15.7, p=0.014) with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (3.0 (1.0;4.0) vs. 1.0 (0.0;2.0), p=0.008). The lowest glucose values were similar between groups before (ethanol: 2.09±0.17 mmol/l vs. surgery: 1.81±0.08, p=0.158) and after (4.95±0.74 vs. 5.41±0.28, p=0.581) the respective treatments. Complications occurred more frequently in the surgery group (11 % vs. 54 %, p=0.026). One patient after prior partial pancreatectomy died postoperatively. The hospitalization time was significantly shorter in the ethanol group (4.78±0.78 days vs. 19.88±4.07, p<0.001).

Conclusion EUS-guided ethanol injection can be similarly effective for the treatment of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia compared with pancreatic surgery but seems to be associated with less severe complications. This implies the need for prospective randomized trials in insulinoma patients with a low risk for malignancy.
Intraductal radiofrequency ablation plus biliary stent versus stent alone for malignant biliary obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: de Oliveira Veras Matheus , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , McCarty Thomas R. , de Oliveira Guilherme Henrique Peixoto , Gomes Rômulo Sérgio Araújo , Landim Davi Lucena , Nunes Felipe Giacobo , Franzini Tomazo Antônio Prince , Lera dos Santos Marcos Eduardo , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux
Published: November 2023

Background and study aims Recurrent biliary stent occlusion and tumor ingrowth remain a major concern among patients with malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) with significant impact on patient morbidity and survival. Intraductal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a promising treatment that seeks to extend stent patency. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of RFA on overall survival (OS) and stent patency among patients with unresectable MBO.

Methods A comprehensive search of electronic databases was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing RFA plus biliary stent (RFA+S) versus biliary stent alone (S-alone). Outcomes assessed included overall survival, stent patency, and adverse events (AEs) with mean difference (MD) calculated from pooled proportions. Subgroup analyses were performed for hilar strictures and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Results Six RCTs (n=481 patients) were included and demonstrated
improved survival among patients who received RFA+S (MD 85.70 days , 95% confidence interval
[CI] 34.29–137.10; I2=98%; P =0.001). The pooled MD for
total stent patency was 22.25 days (95% CI –17.38–61.87; I2=97%; P=0.27). There was no difference in AEs between RFA+S vs S-alone (P >0.05). On subgroup analyses, RFA+S was associated with improved
stent patency (MD 79.25 days; 95% CI 50.77–107.73; I2=59%; P <0.00001) and OS (MD 83.14 (95% CI 29.52–136.77; I2=97%; P <0.01] for CCA. For hilar strictures, stent patency was improved
among patients with RFA+S [MD 83.71 days (95% CI 24.85–142.56; I2=84%; P <0.01].

Conclusions RFA+S improved OS in the treatment of MBO when compared with S-alone. Moreover, the RFA therapy prolonged stent patency in hilar strictures and CCA, with similar rates of AEs.
Endoscopic, “Scarless” Composite Flap Face and Neck Lift
Authors: Mani Marc
Published: November 2023

Deep-plane or composite flap facelift techniques allow deep structural rejuvenation of the face by release of retaining ligaments in the subsuperficial musculoaponeurotic system (sub-SMAS) plane with elevation and fixation of the SMAS/platysma/skin flap as a single, “en bloc” unit. This means that in the cases with mild to moderate skin laxity, the preauricular incision serves the purpose of access only. The author therefore developed an endoscopic-assisted, en bloc composite flap face and neck lift without a preauricular incision. The technique uses the prezygomatic and premasseteric (facial) and subplatysmal (neck) spaces as ideal optical cavities for endoscopic dissection and ligament release. Verticalization of fixation vectors and modified concho-mastoid traction sutures are used to minimize preauricular skin redundancy. The surgical procedure is described in detail. Clinical experience in 41 consecutive cases and comparison to other techniques with respect to relevant anatomy are also presented. This endoscopic en bloc composite flap facelift technique consistently and safely produced results comparable to conventional, “open” composite flap facelifts done by the same surgeon on similar candidates during a prior period.
A Practical Guide to Sigma-1 Receptor Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A New Clinical Molecular Imaging Method to Identify Peripheral Pain Generators in Patients with Chronic Pain
Authors: Shen Bin , Yoon Daehyun , Castillo Jessa , Biswal Sandip
Published: November 2023

Accurately identifying the peripheral pain generator in patients with chronic pain remains a major challenge for modern medicine. Millions of patients around the world suffer endlessly from difficult-to-manage debilitating pain because of very limited diagnostic tests and a paucity of pain therapies. To help these patients, we have developed a novel clinical molecular imaging approach, and, in its early stages, it has been shown to accurately identify the exact site of pain generation using an imaging biomarker for the sigma-1 receptor and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging. We hope the description of the work in this article can help others begin their own pain imaging programs at their respective institutions.