bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors motivating lebanese youth to adopt COVID-19 good practices: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bou-Hamad Imad , Hoteit Reem
Published: June 2023

Background

It is now widely acknowledged that young people can be asymptomatic carriers of the COVID-19 virus. While vaccines are successful, COVID-19 good practices continue to be useful in controlling the virus transmission. This study aimed to investigate the associated risk factors impacting the youths' adoption of COVID-19 good practices in Lebanon.

Methods

Data were collected through an online survey. The analyzed sample included 602 young people.

Results

Our results indicate that around half the youth sample in our study adhere to COVID-19 good practices. COVID-19 good practices are more likely to be adopted by individuals who are more worried about their health and those who live with their partners. Furthermore, media trust was a significant predictor of COVID-19 good practices.

Conclusion

Media can play a larger role in promoting good practices through youth-targeted programs. By identifying community influencers and encouraging peer-to-peer communication, it is possible to engage youth who distrust the media and persuade them to adopt COVID-19 good practices.
The Important but Mysterious Antarctic Krill
Authors: Hill Simeon L. , Thorpe Sally E.
Published: June 2023

Antarctic krill are very important animals. They are well-known as the food of ocean giants such as blue whales, but they also feed many other animals and help to slow climate change by keeping millions of tons of carbon out of the air. Antarctic krill grow no longer than a human thumb, but together they weigh more than any other wild animal species. Although Antarctic krill live only in the cold waters of the Southern Ocean, they can live anywhere from sunlit surface waters to the darkest depths, from near the coast and under sea ice to ice-free waters far from land. In this article, we explore how their huge population and ability to live in diverse conditions make Antarctic krill important for other animals, people, and the world. We also introduce some key mysteries, such as what will happen to these animals as the climate continues to change.
Development of a methodology to compare and evaluate health and sustainability aspects of dietary intake across countries
Authors: Philippi Rosane Beatriz , Matthiessen Lea Ellen , Góralska-Walczak Rita , Kopczyńska Klaudia , Średnicka-Tober Dominika , Kazimierczak Renata , Rossi Laura , Aboussaleh Youssef , Bügel Susanne Gjedsted
Published: June 2023

To solve the rising issue of how to feed our planet in the future, we need to enhance our knowledge of peoples' current eating patterns and analyze those in terms of their health and environmental impacts. Current studies about adherence to existing national and global dietary recommendations often lack the ability to cross-compare the results among countries. Therefore, this study aims to develop a methodology to evaluate adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) and the Planetary Health Diet (PHD) on a national level, which can be replicable in different countries. First, national dietary intake data was collected from surveys published by the respective responsible public institutions from five countries (Italy, Denmark, Germany, Morocco, and Poland). Second, food groups represented in the intake data and the FBDGs were mapped to establish a proposal for a new common grouping (i.e., comprehensive food groups) that enables cross-country comparison. Third, dietary intake was compared to the recommendations according to national FBDG and the PHD. The adherence to the recommended diets was assessed using an adapted version of the German Food Pyramid Index. Our results show that different ways of grouping foods may change adherence levels; when measuring adherence to the FBDGs with the food groups suggested in the FBDGs, average scores (45.5 ± 5.4) were lower than by using comprehensive food groups (46.9 ± 3.7). Higher adherence to the PHD (52.4 ± 6.1) was found also using the comprehensive food groups. Particularly the foods meats, eggs, and legumes in one group (i.e., protein equivalents) appear to influence the outcome of scores using the comprehensive food groups. This study developed a methodology to evaluate national dietary intake against national FBDGs and the PHD. Our study points out the fact that it is difficult to overcome the challenge that countries have different food grouping clusters. Yet, the combination of the methods developed enables cross-country comparisons and has the potential to be applied to different national settings globally.
Case report: Treatment of joint supplement toxicity resulting in acidemia, hyperglycemia, electrolyte derangements, and multiple organ dysfunction
Authors: Bunnell Nicole M. , Weatherton Linda
Published: June 2023

Objective

This case report describes a successful outcome in the treatment of a patient with joint supplement toxicity, which resulted in seizures, severe acidemia, hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, and multiple organ dysfunction. Previous case reports have been published, but this patient presented with different clinical signs and had additional biochemical abnormalities. Treatment modalities varied in this case report, and the patient was discharged sooner than those mentioned in previous reports.

Case summary

A 9-year-old spayed female Maltese mix was presented to a specialty hospital for joint supplement toxicity. Presenting clinical signs were vomiting and seizures. Primary biochemical abnormalities consisted of hypernatremia, hyperglycemia, acidemia, azotemia, and elevated liver enzymes. Treatment involved lowering the sodium quickly given the neurologic signs on presentation. Other treatment modalities consisted of sodium bicarbonate, insulin, and liver protectants. The patient responded quickly and was discharged after 3 days in the hospital.

New or unique information provided

This case report is different in that the patient was having seizures and was also hyperglycemic, in addition to the expected abnormalities of hypernatremia, acidemia, and multiple organ dysfunction. It also differs from prior reports in that the treatment of hypernatremia was managed as an acute process. This case report describes differing clinical signs, biochemical abnormalities, and treatment modalities that may have led to the discharge from the hospital in a shorter time.
Integrating Self-Attention Mechanisms and ResNet for Grain Storage Ventilation Decision Making: A Study
Authors: Zhu Yuhua , Li Hang , Zhen Tong , Li Zhihui
Published: June 2023

Food security is a widely discussed topic globally. The key to ensuring the safety of food storage is to control temperature and humidity, with ventilation being an effective and fast method for temperature and humidity control. This paper proposes a new approach called “grain condition multimodal” based on the theory of computer multimodality. Under changing external environments, grain conditions can be classified according to different ventilation modes, including cooling ventilation, dehumidification ventilation, anti-condensation ventilation, heat dissipation ventilation, and quality adjustment ventilation. Studying intelligent ventilation decisions helps achieve grain temperature balance, prevent moisture condensation, control grain heating, reduce grain moisture, and create a low-temperature environment to improve grain storage performance. Combining deep learning models with data such as grain stack temperature and humidity can significantly improve the accuracy of ventilation decisions. This paper proposes a neural network model based on residual networks and self-attention mechanisms that performs better than basic models such as LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit), and ResNet (Residual Network). The model’s accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores are 94.38%, 94.92%, 98.94%, and 96.89%, respectively.
Efficient Algebraic Method for Testing the Invertibility of Finite State Machines
Authors: Lotfi Zineb , Khalifi Hamid , Ouardi Faissal
Published: June 2023

The emergence of new embedded system technologies, such as IoT, requires the design of new lightweight cryptosystems to meet different hardware restrictions. In this context, the concept of Finite State Machines (FSMs) can offer a robust solution when using cryptosystems based on finite automata, known as FAPKC (Finite Automaton Public Key Cryptosystems), introduced by Renji Tao. These cryptosystems have been proposed as alternatives to traditional public key cryptosystems, such as RSA. They are based on composing two private keys, which are two FSMs M1 and M2 with the property of invertibility with finite delay to obtain the composed FSM M=M1oM2, which is the public key. The invert process (factorizing) is hard to compute. Unfortunately, these cryptosystems have not really been adopted in real-world applications, and this is mainly due to the lack of profound studies on the FAPKC key space and a random generator program. In this paper, we first introduce an efficient algebraic method based on the notion of a testing table to compute the delay of invertibility of an FSM. Then, we carry out a statistical study on the number of invertible FSMs with finite delay by varying the number of states as well as the number of output symbols. This allows us to estimate the landscape of the space of invertible FSMs, which is considered a first step toward the design of a random generator.
Research on Direct Lift Carrier-Based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Landing Control Based on Performance Index Intelligent Optimization/Dynamic Optimal Allocation
Authors: Zhou Dapeng , Wang Lixin
Published: June 2023

High-precision control problems for carrier-based UAVs are challenging due to the requirements for safety, high-performance operation and uncertain ocean environments. To address such problems, this paper proposes a direct lift landing control method that can ensure the safe operation of UAVs using intelligent optimization of control performance indicators and dynamic optimal allocation methods. The direct lift control (DLC) scheme is adopted to improve the operability of the control by introducing flap channels to achieve the fast correction of vertical disturbances. To improve the landing control performance, an intelligent optimization method for DLC gain is proposed, and a neural network relationship between parameter uncertainty and optimal DLC gain is established. In addition, a recursive least-squares identification method is used to estimate the uncertain parameters in real time, so that the established neural network can be used to generate the optimal DLC commands online, and the generated control commands can be assigned to multiple actuators of the carrier-based UAV through a dynamic optimal assignment algorithm. Finally, the superiority of the method is verified using simulation comparison.
The Retroflex Sound of Languages Spoken in Southeast Tibet: Feature Floating, Feature Recombination and Its Historical Typological Value
Authors: Wang Yunjia , Zhu Ziqiu , Li Daqin
Published: June 2023

In Southeast Tibet, some Tibeto-Burman languages have apparent retroflex feature floating. Some initial research on this phenomenon shows that different sound categories, such as a post consonant r and retroflex vowels (or finals), are not totally independent. This feature is likely the result of the evolution of one sound category toward another, and the evolution mechanism is the feature recombination between r and the basic consonant. This research approach can be applied to studying the whole Sino-Tibetan historical typology, including Chinese and Tibeto-Burman languages.
A Superior Two-Dimensional Phosphorus Flame Retardant: Few-Layer Black Phosphorus
Authors: Zhang Taiming , Xie Huanyu , Xie Shuai , Hu Ajuan , Liu Jie , Kang Jian , Hou Jie , Hao Qing , Liu Hong , Ji Hengxing
Published: June 2023

The usage of flame retardants in flammable polymers has been an effective way to protect both lives and material goods from accidental fires. Phosphorus flame retardants have the potential to be follow-on flame retardants after halogenated variants, because of their low toxicity, high efficiency and compatibility. Recently, the emerging allotrope of phosphorus, two-dimensional black phosphorus, as a flame retardant has been developed. To further understand its performance in flame-retardant efficiency among phosphorus flame retardants, in this work, we built model materials to compare the flame-retardant performances of few-layer black phosphorus, red phosphorus nanoparticles, and triphenyl phosphate as flame-retardant additives in cellulose and polyacrylonitrile. Aside from the superior flame retardancy in polyacrylonitrile, few-layer black phosphorus in cellulose showed the superior flame-retardant efficiency in self-extinguishing, ~1.8 and ~4.4 times that of red phosphorus nanoparticles and triphenyl phosphate with similar lateral size and mass load (2.5~4.8 wt%), respectively. The char layer in cellulose coated with the few-layer black phosphorus after combustion was more continuous and smoother than that with red phosphorus nanoparticles, triphenyl phosphate and blank, and the amount of residues of cellulose coated with the few-layer black phosphorus in thermogravimetric analysis were 10 wt%, 14 wt% and 14 wt% more than that with red phosphorus nanoparticles, triphenyl phosphate and blank, respectively. In addition, although exothermic reactions, the combustion enthalpy changes in the few-layer black phosphorus (−127.1 kJ mol−1) are one third of that of red phosphorus nanoparticles (−381.3 kJ mol−1). Based on a joint thermodynamic, spectroscopic, and microscopic analysis, the superior flame retardancy of the few-layer black phosphorus was attributed to superior combustion reaction suppression from the two-dimensional structure and thermal nature of the few-layer black phosphorus.
Anti-Aging Constituents from Pinus morrisonicola Leaves
Authors: Liu Ta-Wei , Hsiao Sui-Wen , Lin Chi-Ting , Hsiao George , Lee Ching-Kuo
Published: June 2023

Pinus morrisonicola Hayata is a unique plant species found in Taiwan. Previous studies have identified its anti-hypertensive, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, a bioactivity-guided approach was employed to extract 20 compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract of Pinus morrisonicola Hayata’s pine needles. The anti-aging effects of these compounds were investigated using HT-1080 cells. The structures of the purified compounds were confirmed through NMR and LC-MS analysis, revealing the presence of nine flavonoids, two lignans, one coumarin, one benzofuran, one phenylic acid, and six diterpenoids. Among them, PML18, PML19, and PML20 were identified as novel diterpene. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects against MMP-2 and showed no significant cell toxicity at 25 μM. Although the purified compounds showed lower activity against Pro MMP-2 and Pro MMP-9 compared to the ethyl acetate fraction, we speculate that this is the result of synergistic effects.
Effect of Chalcogenophenes on Chiroptical Activity of Twisted Tetracenes: Computational Analysis, Synthesis and Crystal Structure Thereof
Authors: Kumar Gayathri Jothish , Bogoslavsky Benny , Debnath Sashi , Bedi Anjan
Published: June 2023

The synthesis of multiply substituted acenes is still a relevant research problem, considering their applications and future potential. Here we present an elegant synthetic protocol to afford tetra-peri-substituted naphthalene and tetracene from their tetrahalo derivatives by a Pd(0)-catalyzed C-C cross-coupling method in a single step. The newly synthesized tetracenes were characterized by NMR, HRMS, UV-vis spectrophotometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). In addition, the first systematic computational study of the effect of chalcogenophenyl substitutions on the chiroptical properties of twistacenes was reported here. The gas phase computational studies using density functional theory (DFT) on a series of chalcogenophene-substituted tetracenes revealed that their chiroptical activity could be systematically increased via the atomistic tuning of peripheral substituents.
Facile Synthesis of MXene-Ti3C2/Co Nanosheet Hydrogel Sensor with the Assistance of a Smartphone for On-Site Monitoring of Glucose in Beverages
Authors: Li Ziling , Lei Tiantian , Pei Ting , Chen Keyan , Zhao Zhidong , Wang Manman , He Yu
Published: June 2023

A one-step cobaltous chloride (CoCl2) molten salt method was employed to prepare multilayer MXene-Ti3C2/Co materials with further ultrasonic treatment to acquire single-layer MXene-Ti3C2/Co nanosheets (NSs). MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs were characterized, and their enzyme-like activities were investigated. Under the catalysis of MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) could be oxidized by H2O2, with the color changing from colorless to blue. The affinity of MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs to H2O2 and TMB was better than that of nanozymes reported in previous studies. The MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs were used for the colorimetric determination of H2O2/glucose, with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.033 mM and 1.7 μM, respectively. MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs embedded in sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel were used to construct a sensor platform. The digital pictures combined with a smartphone-installed app (color recognizer) could be used to analyze RGB values for colorimetric detection of glucose in beverages. This point-of-care testing platform has the advantages of cost-effectiveness and good transferability, with the potential to realize quick, intelligent and on-site detection.
Fracture Propagation Mechanism of Tight Conglomerate Reservoirs in Mahu Sag
Authors: Zhu Yue , Deng Yusen , Qin Jianhua , Zhang Jing , Zou Yushi , Zhang Shicheng , Liu Shikang
Published: June 2023

Conglomerate reservoirs are usually formed in sag slope belts, which have the characteristics of near-source rapid deposition, rapid sedimentary facies change, and distinct reservoir heterogeneity. Therefore, it is difficult to carry out treatments of stimulation because of insufficient understanding of the propagation mechanism of the unique “gravel-bypassing” and “gravel-penetrating” characteristics of fracture morphologies in Mahu conglomerate reservoirs. In order to study the law of hydraulic fracture propagation in conglomerate reservoirs, based on Brazilian splitting test results for conglomerates with different gravel particle sizes and different cementation degrees, true tri-axial fracturing experiments conducted in the laboratory were performed to conduct experimental research on natural conglomerate outcrops and analyze the effects of gravel size, fracturing fluid viscosity, and pumping rate on hydraulic fracture propagation morphology. The results show that: (1) the gravel cementation strength of fracture pressure is higher and the pressure drops preferably after fracturing. The fracture is more inclined to “pass through the gravel” to propagate in large-particle-size gravel. The poor gravel cementation of fracture pressure is relatively low-level and the pressure after fracture drops slightly, and fractures tend to occur at the margin of gravel; (2) using slick water for fracturing tends to initiate and propagate fractures at multiple points on the wellbore, which is conducive to the formation of complex fracture networks and the improvement of volume stimulation effects. Guanidine-gum fracturing has a higher fracture-forming efficiency and higher net pressure; and (3) a low pumping rate will increase the interaction degree between fractures and gravel, and gravels will cause a change in fracture roughness, resulting in small local fracture widths.
A Novel Inner Wall Coating-Insulated Oil Pipeline for Scale and Wax Prevention
Authors: Cao Jing , Ma Wenhai , Huang Weiming , Su Zhanfei , Zhu Yunbo , Wang Jianjun
Published: June 2023

During the production of deep oil and gas, scaling, waxing, hydrate ice plugging and other problems easily occur. To solve these problems, reducing the temperature loss of oil pipelines is a feasible method. In order to protect the outer wall coating from being damaged and losing its thermal insulation performance, this paper proposes a developed technology for a novel inner wall coating-insulated oil pipeline. A new temperature-resistant and heat-insulating material aerogel was optimized and developed, and it has an extremely low thermal conductivity of less than 0.055 W/m·K. The influence of different coating processes on the thermal insulation coefficient was analyzed, and a novel inner wall coating-insulated oil pipeline was developed. A testing and evaluation platform for its thermal insulation effect was built, and a finite element model was established to analyze the temperature field distribution. When the thickness of the inner coating was 0.5 mm, the thermal insulation effect of the new oil pipeline improved by about 29%. This technology could be widely used in the production of deep oil and gas, high salinity oil and water reservoirs, thin oil reservoirs, etc., to alleviate scaling and waxing phenomena.
Efeito neuroprotetor do exercício físico em modelos de depressão em roedores: uma meta-análise
Authors: Nunes Maria Jussara Medeiros , Melo Paloma Katlheen Moura , Nunes Marcília Ingrid Lima Barroso , Silva Jean Carlos Souza , Fernandes Antônio William do Nascimento , Evangelista Anne Itamara Benigna , Fonseca Ivana Alice Teixeira , Araújo Dayane Pessoa de
Published: June 2023

Introdução. Estudos na neurobiologia da depressão mostram uma desregulação de neurotransmissores em regiões cerebrais relacionadas à emoção, recompensa e funções executivas em indivíduos acometidos pela doença. A prática regular de exercício físico mostra-se como um importante aliado contra a depressão. Método. Buscou-se por meio de uma revisão sistemática, material bibliográfico de 2010 a 2021 que descrevesse o efeito neuroprotetor do exercício físico no tratamento da depressão. Utilizamos os descritores: Depressão, Neuroproteção e Exercício Físico nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, Science Direct, Web of Science e SCIELO. Resultados. Foram selecionados 04 artigos. O exercício físico regular promove alterações neurofisiológicas e neuroquímicas capazes de influenciar a doença, destacando-se o BDNF e o IGF-1 como fatores pró neurogênicos e alterações bioquímicas, somadas às alterações no eixo HPP durante o tratamento da depressão. Ressalta-se que o período de treinamento foi determinante para o efeito neuroprotetor. Tais evidências configuram o exercício físico como um excelente aliado no tratamento da depressão, principalmente a leve. Conclusão. Sugere-se pesquisas com duração de 09 semanas do protocolo de treinamento físico. Incentivamos mais pesquisas sobre os efeitos complexos induzidos pela inflamação do exercício. Além disso, podemos inferir que o estudo poderia ter resultados diferentes se o tempo para análise dessa neuroproteção fosse estendido ou se a monitoração de LPS fosse adicionada para controlar níveis de LPS x tempo de exercício x melhora do quadro depressivo.
Evaluasi Risiko Postur Kerja Pegawai Administrasi Menggunakan Metode SNQ dan ROSA di CV. Rempah Sari
Authors: Adelino Muhammad Ilham , Susriyati  , Irwan Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) is damage to the musculoskeletal system that accumulates and causes abnormalities due to repeated trauma, causing complaints of pain in the muscles. Ergonomics has an important role in preventing MSDs. Employee work activities at CV. Rempah Sari is an industrial company engaged in cinnamon bark. Workers feel complaints on the upper neck, lower neck, left shoulder, right shoulder, back, right arm, left arm, waist, hips and on the knee. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze the risk level of the administrative department's work posture using the Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) and Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) methods. The results of this study using the SNQ method show that employees complain about the neck, shoulders, arms, back, waist, hips, buttocks, and need immediate repairs. The results of the ROSA calculation show that employees A, employees B, and employees C employees have a high or dangerous risk, and urgent repairs are needed. The cause of the high risk experienced is caused by the inadequate use of facilities, the need to update work facilities according to ergonomic standards in the world of work, and the holding of good and correct computer office ergonomics training to reduce injuries when using computers.
Presencia de Epuraea (Haptoncus) ocularis Fairmaire, 1849 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) en Chile
Authors: Jackson Douglas , Honour Richard , Lüer Alfredo
Published: June 2023

Se reporta la presencia en Chile de Epuraea (Haptoncus) ocularis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), especie de distribución cosmopolita asociada a frutos y otras partes de plantas en descomposición. Se incluye una breve descripción de la especie, se provee información sobre las localidades de recolección de ejemplares y se entregan antecedentes sobre los diversos sustratos en los que se encontraron adultos.
Entomofauna asociada a tres especies arvenses del género Cleome Linnaeus, 1753 (Brassicales: Cleomaceae) y sus relaciones potenciales con cultivos agrícolas
Authors: Vargas Batis Belyani , Plana Quiala Adriel , Cuadra Tamayo Aleixi , Segura Reyes Osmar , Pacheco Jimenez Zaimara , Gutierrez Vazquez Manuel , Pupo Blanco Yoannia Gretel , Fung Boix Yilan
Published: June 2023

Resumen. Las especies arvenses son eliminadas de los agroecosistemas al ser consideradas reservorios de organismos plaga ignorándose los beneficios que pueden reportar, de ahí la importancia de realizar investigaciones en este sentido. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la entomofauna asociada a tres especies arvenses del género Cleome y sus relaciones potenciales con cultivos agrícolas. Se seleccionaron tres áreas de muestreo para cada especie, realizándose un muestreo único mediante la técnica de conteos comunes por hábitat, evaluándose la composición insectil, el porcentaje de representatividad y la proporción de gremios tróficos. De diversidad se tuvo en cuenta la Riqueza de Especies, Dominancia de Simpson, Diversidad general y como medida de similitud se tuvo en cuenta la formación de grupos homogéneos mediante un análisis multivariado (CLUSTER). Se contabilizó un total de 613 individuos, pertenecientes a seis órdenes, 20 familias, 34 géneros y 35 especies. Coleoptera, Lepidoptera e Hymenoptera fueron los órdenes más representados, en tanto, las plagas y los polinizadores fueron los gremios tróficos de mayor proporción. Los valores de diversidad de la entomofauna, aunque están dentro del rango establecido, revelan una diversidad de baja a moderada donde las especies más dominantes tienen una baja influencia dentro de las muestras y en su mayoría son clasificadas como escasas. Existe similitud entre las diferentes áreas para una misma especie de Cleome, sin embargo, entre las tres especies la similitud es baja. El manejo adecuado del componente entomológico no es un impedimento para la conservación de estas especies en los agroecosistemas.
Individual variability of the brain occipital lobes height and their blood supply
Authors: Trach O.O. , Shyian D.M. , Tereshchenko A.O.
Published: June 2023

200 hemispheres of the brain of people who died from diseases not related to brain pathology were studied. The morphometric method was used and statistical analysis was performed. It was found that men and women with dolichocranial type of skull have an asymmetry in the height of the hemispheres of the brain. In men, the height of the left hemisphere of the brain is greater than in women, but the height of the right hemisphere of the brain in men is less. The height of the left hemisphere of the brain in men with mesocranial type is greater than the right, in women the height of the right hemisphere of the brain prevails. In people with brachycranial type of skull, the height of the left hemisphere of the brain prevails in men, in women the height of the right and left hemispheres of the brain are the same. According to the dolichocranial type of skull, the height of the left occipital lobe predominates in men, and the height of the right occipital lobe predominates in women. The height of the left occipital lobe in men with mesocranial type of skull is greater than the right. In women with mesocranial type of skull, the height of the left occipital lobe predominates. In people with brachycranial type of skull, the height of the right occipital lobe of the brain prevails in both men and women. The height of the cerebral hemispheres in men and women with brachycranial type of skull is greater than in those with mesocranial and dolichocranial. The height of the occipital lobes of the brain in men and women with dolichocranial type of skull is slightly higher than in those with mesocranial and brachycranial. Sources of blood supply to the formations of the medial surface of the occipital lobe of the brain - the branches of the posterior cerebral artery, which are divided according to their areas of blood supply to the parieto-occipital, calcarine spur and cuneus.

Keywords: endbrain, occipital lobe, individual anatomical variability.
Research on Effects of Herd Behavior and Customer Commitment on Customer Behavioral Intention and Post-purchase Disorder: A Case Study of Multilevel Marketing
Authors: Chou Cheng-Te
Published: June 2023

In daily life, many decisions are influenced by the opinions of others. This behavior is mainly due to the norms under social pressure, fearing that there would be bad consequences if we do not abide by them. In previous studies, herd behavior driven by peer groups has been discussed in terms of consumer behavior, but few scholars have considered that consumers’ purchase behavior that is driven by “unfamiliar groups” research object. Thus, focusing on consumers’ purchase decisions which are influenced by unfamiliar groups in social gatherings, the relationship between herd behavior and customer commitment was explored with the factors and effects of post-purchase disorders. A questionnaire survey was carried out with 199 valid returns. The research results showed that herd behavior positively affected customer commitment and customer behavior intention in participating in multi-level marketing activities, and customer commitment also positively affected customer behavior intention. However, customer behavior intention showed no correlation with cognitive dissonance. From the perspective of customers, it is necessary to avoid participating in gatherings similar to multi-level marketing which damages customers’ rights and interests.
Analysis of individual provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of copyright protection
Authors: Luk'yanova Galina , Korsikova Natalia
Published: June 2023

The existence of mankind is unthinkable without progressive ideas in the field of medicine,

education, industrial production, etc. The rhythm of modern life, characterized by a variety of technological solutions, changes in social and political conditions, inevitably entails the complication of social relations.

At the same time, the current legislation should develop adequately to the trends of these relations. The need for discoveries also requires a different understanding of an inventor’s personality, the results of his creative activity, as well as the development of a mechanism for copyright protection.

The ongoing researches confirm that today only a small number of copyright holders managed to really protect their copyright subjective rights. The need to find ways to solve the emerging problems determines the relevance of the study.

The purpose of the study: analysis of the provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of copyright protection in a rapidly changing reality, as well as problematic issues that arise in the implementation of these provisions.

The forms of participation in the civil circulation of objects of copyright in modern reality are becoming more and more significant, which is due to the complexity of judicial proof and the dynamism of legal relations in the field under study.

The need to improve legislation is due to the importance of consistently updating legal regulatory mechanisms in the context of expanding economic sanctions. In the current conditions of restrictions, government bodies are developing measures aimed at stimulating the processes of import substitution. This circumstance actualizes the demand for domestic developments, inventions, innovative solutions that are important for the development of the country’s economy.

In the process of research, the following methods were used: comparative legal, formal logic, analogy, interpretation of law, technical legal.

Based on the results of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the creation of opportunities for the progressive development of the intellectual sphere (conditions for the implementation of creative ideas and their integration into the economy) begins with the formation of a legal framework, taking into account the balance of interests of the parties.
Special aspects of legal regulation of electronic document management in labor relations
Authors: Samsonova Ekaterina
Published: June 2023

In the conditions of digital transformation of labor relations, the transition to electronic document management is being actively and purposefully implemented. This change in interaction of subjects of labor law directly or indirectly affects the interests of almost all Russian citizens. All of the above predetermines the importance of research on the legal regulation of such document management and requires deep comprehension of its implementation processes in terms of labor law.

Research objective: to highlight the characteristics of legal regulation of electronic personnel document management and its implementation in labor relations by analysis of current law.

Research methods: general scientific and cognition methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, comparison) and specific scientific methods (technical method, comparative legal method).

Results: the study of special aspects of legal regulation of electronic document management in labor relations made it possible to identify its defining characteristics and propose changes to the current legislation taking into account these characteristics.
Classification of the types of criminal acts constituting non-fulfillment of the responsibilities for the upbringing of a minor
Authors: Vlasenkova Elvira
Published: June 2023

Introduction: at the present stage of the development of criminal law science in the works of the scientists and in law enforcement sources, there are facts of mixing the concepts of «types», «forms» and «methods» in relation to the events of crimes and in the process of describing the corresponding criminal acts. This practice often leads to confusion of related categories and substitution of concepts, significantly complicating the procedure for the qualification of crimes and making it difficult to establish the actual degree and nature of their public danger. The crimes provided for in Article 156 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are no exception. In this connection, it is necessary to formulate and substantiate scientifically based conclusions allowing to resolve the described problem situation.

Research methods: carrying out the author’s large-scale generalisation of materials of investigative and judicial practice in cases of non-fulfillment of duties for the upbringing of minors connected with abuse; analysis of the provisions of the current legislation, comparison of the empirical data obtained.

Results: the forms of committing crimes provided by article 156 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are indicated; the author’s classification of the types of acts within each of the forms is presented; the statement that the specific type of committed acts is the main criterion of public danger of the crimes under consideration is substantiated.
The possibility of taking into account the perpetrator’s repentance of a committed crime as a circumstance mitigating the punishment
Authors: Shimanovich Elizaveta
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Through the study of 500 convictions handed down by various courts of first instance from 2016 to 2020, the author found that the mitigating circumstance “repentance for the deed”, applied by the courts on the basis of Part 2 of Art. 61 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is taken into account more often than those indicated in the list of Part 1 of Art. 61 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the article analyzes the history of occurrence of the considered mitigating circumstance in the regulatory legal acts of the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods, raises the question of the possibility of its inclusion in the list of Part 1 of Art. 61 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as of the establishment of criteria for the application of this mitigating circumstance.

Research methods: The article is based on general scientific (analysis, synthesis and formal-logical) and special (formal-legal, historical, statistical, questionnaire method) research methods.

Research results: The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the mitigating circumstance «repentance for the deed» should be taken into account by the courts in cases where the perpetrator confirmed his repentance by positive post-criminal behavior, and only when he had not previously committed similar crimes (had not been convicted or released due to non-rehabilitating circumstances from criminal liability). In this case, there is no need to include this mitigating circumstance in the list of Part 1 of Art. 61 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Cadet’s involvement in the profession during training as the main reserve for increasing the effectiveness of modern police
Authors: Bantyukov Igor , Trabo Valeriy
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that professionally oriented training as a factor in the adaptation of cadets of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to their future professional activities as a specialist in the departments of internal affairs bodies is the most essential basis for professional reliability of a future specialist and significantly affects the effectiveness of his performance.

One of the important aspects of specialists training is the early involvement of cadets in the profession.

This circumstance determined the purpose of the present work – to study the dynamics of cadets’ involvement in professional activities, motivation for training. In accordance with the intended goal, the following objectives have been set – identifying problems in the organization of training, enhancing cadets’ cognitive activity, and individualizing training process.

Methods. The study applied the following methods: theoretical (modeling, analysis and synthesis); empirical (observation, comparison, testing); mathematical (statistical).

Results. The ultimate goal of all pedagogical approaches is not cadets’ involvement in itself, but the effectiveness of training and the application of the results of mastering new knowledge in real professional activities. The organization of this process requires a modern educator to be able to use various operating systems, electronic libraries and programs, as well as interactive network communication technologies in his activities.
Michel Foucault’s concept of “biopolitics” in the context of the events of the COVID-19 pandemic: theoretical and legal aspects
Authors: Volokitina Lidiya
Published: June 2023

Introduction. In the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic events, Michel Foucault’s concept of “biopolitics” has received renewed attention. Its main idea is the desire to control not only and not so much the social, but also the biological side of human life – by a legitimate authority.

The aim of the article is to try to update the Foucault concept from the perspective of the general theory and philosophy of law. The article raises the question of how the actions of power institutions in the context of implementation of “biopolitics” correlate to the theoretical and legal concept of “the limits of legal regulation”.

Methods. In addition to general scientific methods of cognition (comparison, analogy, analysis, synthesis, abstraction; collectively – general logical methods), this study applies the following special methods of legal sciences: dogmatic method (formal-legal), interpretation and problem-theoretical reconstruction.

Results. The article concludes that in the process of implementation of ”biopolitical” strategies the theoretical and legal construction of “the limits of legal regulation” undergoes significant changes. From this perspective, the actions of governing bodies do not exceed the permissible limits of legal regulation. Michel Foucault’s concept of ‘biopolitics’ allows analysing legal phenomena without distancing from the facts of social reality.
The role of digital technologies in the organisation of training sessions for future teachers
Authors: Kuznetsova Luidmila , Lazareva Irina
Published: June 2023

The article analyses the practice of giving training sessions of future teachers on the basis of digital technologies, the importance and effectiveness of which have increased significantly in the period of digitalisation of society. The main purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of training students in higher education programmes for teaching activities on the basis of the potential of their self-independent work. The authors justify the need to use digital technologies in the educational process, contributing to a deeper immersion of post-graduates in the features of teaching activities using the creative potential of students, an independent active search. The article analyses various types of digital technologies, including students’ self-independent work with interactive learning material, written assignments aimed at developing practical skills.

Methods. A special emphasis in the article is made on the use of simulators for acquiring skills in conducting various types of classes. In analysing the existing practice of conducting training sessions with postgraduates, theoretical (analysis of pedagogical literature, comparative analysis) and empirical (conversations, observations, evaluation and self-assessment of post-graduates and teachers) methods were used.

Conclusion. The conclusion states that in the context of digitalisation of society, quality training of future teachers will require revision of available technologies, types of training sessions organisation based on active involvement of post-graduates in the process of organisation and conducting training sessions with the use of digital technologies.
Temporal features and personnel risks of police officers during the period of adaptation to official activities
Authors: Dukhnovsky Sergey
Published: June 2023

The temporal features of police officers, on the one hand, are one of the means of successfully passing through the adaptation period and, on the other hand, can actualise their personnel risks. The purpose of the research is to identify differences in attitude to time and its functional significance for police officers in daily life and in official activities, as well as to show that differences in attitude to and functional significance of time are conditions that activate personnel risks.

Research methods. The respondents were 107 police officers with 3 to 6 months of professional work experience after graduation.

Psychodiagnostic methods included the questionnaire «Scale of subjective attitude to time», the questionnaire «Personality temporality».

Results. It was proved that employees have different attitudes to time and its functional significance in everyday life and during the period of adaptation to official activity. It was found that the dominant type of attitude to time in employees’ daily life is temporal plasticity, where time has a stimulating function for a subject, whereas in the period of adaptation the leading type of attitude to service time is temporal dependence, where time, on the one hand, mobilises, and, on the other, – suppresses activity of a subject to achieve the desired and / or necessary goals. The author reveals that temporal conflicts - the contradictions between the dominant attitude to time in its functional meaning in everyday life and official activity - can appear in professional activity; the successful adaptation to service will also depend on resolving these contradictions. An increase in temporal conflict and time dependency can lead to personnel risks.
On the correlation of legality and enforceability as legal categories: the problem of theoretical and methodological differentiation
Authors: Kaplunov Andrey , Balahonsky Vitaly
Published: June 2023

In everyday forms of legal consciousness or popularised interpretations of law in the field of law enforcement there is often a tendency to identify the categories of «legality» and «enforceability». This practice can be produced both by extra-scientific forms of determination, consisting in the effort to form in the legal culture of the population the image of the unity of law and right and trivial substitution of concepts that creates a serious methodological problem of scientific understanding of the phenomenon of law itself. The authors therefore set the objective of this research - to analyse the mentioned categories. The article outlines the author’s position in understanding the correlation between the categories of «legality» and «enforceability», which is fundamentally important for the methodology of legal science, and theoretically analyses the practical forms of representation of this correlation on the example of firearms use by police officers.

The theoretical basis of the research are the studies of national and foreign academics.

Methodology. In the process of working with the material the systematic method, as well as methods of comparative legal, historical and legal analysis and formal logic were used.

Results. The authors find out that the definition of the correlation between the concepts of «legality» and «enforceability» is reasonable to conduct on the methodological basis of differentiation of the concepts of «right» and «law», which makes it possible to consider enforceability as a broader concept that includes elements of situational discretion. The justification for this conclusion is that the concept «enforceability» means the compliance of certain social phenomena to law, which can be understood not only as the norms of law, but also the system of natural rights of social subjects, determined by socio-cultural and moral norms of social life.
Issues of proving some corruption offenses committed by officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Authors: Dudina Nadezhda
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to a critical analysis of the concepts of «corruption», «corruption offense» through the prism of the current legislation of the Russian Federation and other countries, as well as the views of scientists in this field. The lack of legal regulation of the concept of «corruption offense» can give rise to legal uncertainty and errors in proving guilt of an illegal act committed by an officer of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Research methods. Empirical methods of comparison, description, observation, interpretation; methods of formal logic; analysis and generalisation of scientific and regulatory materials, analysis of judicial practice.

Results Including Key conclusions. The necessity of introducing the legislative concept of «corruption offense» with the definition of its types and severity is argued. The conclusion is substantiated that the procedures for verifying the completeness and reliability of information on income, property and property obligations submitted by an internal affairs officer, as well as the procedure for establishing control over expenses, are special types of jurisdictional disciplinary proceedings with their inherent stages, but the absence of regulated procedural actions, aimed at proving a «corruption offence».