bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the secure communication schemes based on the generators of hyperbolic strange attractor and strange nonchaotic attractor
Authors:   Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the RAS, Isaeva Olga , Lubchenko Dmitry ,   Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the RAS
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this work is to analyse qualitative features of the information transmission process via several communication schemes based on the synchronization of transmitter and receiver, both being complex signal generators. For this purpose generators of the hyperbolic chaos and generators with the strange nonchaotic attractor are employed. Evaluation of advantages and disadvantages of such schemes is made comparing themselves with each other as well as with schemes based on the nonhyperbolic chaotic generators. Methods. The power spectra and the distributions of the largest finite-time Lyapunov exponent are used to confirm the complexity of the dynamics of the generators in use and to verify the wide-bandness, robustness and stochasticity of their signals. Confidentiality of the informational signal transmission is achieved using its nonlinear mixing to the dynamics of the transmitter. The special phase mixing is used since the model generators employed for the research demonstrate nontrivial dynamics for the angular variable — oscillations phase shift. The digital image is used as an information for transmission. Visual control during the transmission process allows to carry out the qualitative analysis of the success of the signal coding and its detecting by the receiver. Results. Successful transmission and decoding of information for all schemes under investigation are demonstrated for the case of identical transmitter and receiver. Parameter detuning of these generators leads to difficulties in separation of the informational signal from the chaotic/complex carrier due to loss of the full synchronization. For the nonhyperbolic chaos detuning of the parameter responsible for the amplitude of the signal leads to the bad quality of the detection while frequency detuning makes detection absolutely impossible. Schemes with the hyperbolic chaos and strange nonchaotic dynamics appear to demonstrate much better results. The information detection is much better in this case because of the robustness of the generalized synchronization. Conclusion. Robust chaotic and complex nonchaotic generators appear to have significant advantages for communication systems comparing to the chaotic generators of nonhyperbolic type.
Snake Oil or Super Drug: How Have Regulators and Payers Perceived New Medicines that Target Asymptomatic Conditions?
Authors: Needham Brian Richard
Published: November 2023

Context: Assess how relevant precedent within the European Medicines Agency (EMA) (a key regulator) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (a key health technology assessment (HTA) body) can provide insights into how such novel medicines targeting asymptomatic conditions can be brought to market from both a regulatory and payer perspective.
Methods: All phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials with keywords such as asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic, subclinical, premanifest, or preclinical keywords were downloaded from clinicaltrials.gov. Trials were cleaned to identify those for novel medicines with a primary focus on treating asymptomatic conditions. The EMA and NICE report for such drugs were downloaded online in December 2021 and analyzed to understand how they assessed the evidence.
Results: Two hundred seventy-eight clinical trials were identified. Of those, only 8 had relevant matching reports from the EMA or NICE, 7 received a positive review from the EMA, and 4 received a positive recommendation from the NICE. Those who received positive recommendations showed or were assumed to show statistically significant survival benefits given the short life expectancy of untreated patients.
Conclusions: There is no precedent within the EMA or NICE for approving or funding new medicines for asymptomatic patients where survival benefits cannot be established. Additional research is warranted to understand how regulatory and payer agencies can prepare for future generations of innovative medicines.
Investigating Factors Affecting the Development of Public Sports and WellBeing in Medical Universities
Authors: Baniasadi Moein , Peymanizad Hossein , Esmailzadeh Kandahari Mohammad Reza , Mohammadkhani Javad
Published: November 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the development of public sports and well-being in Iran’s medical universities.
Methods: The present study employed a qualitative design, and the foundation theory was used to construct a conceptual model for the research. The statistical population included professors of sports management, managers and experts working in medical universities and sports organizations, and physical education coaches and teachers in medical universities. Purposeful sampling was performed, and a total of 14 interviews were conducted until saturation was reached. The data were gathered using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by open, axial, and selective coding
Results: The factors affecting the development of public sports and health measures in Iran’s medical universities were categorized into three classes, including causal, contextual, and intervening factors. In relation to causal factors, 13 sub-categories and four main categories were identified. Regarding contextual factors, 45 sub-categories were identified in 7 main categories, and with regard to intervening factors, there were 34 sub-categories under 8 main categories.
Conclusions: The results of this research can be provided as a roadmap to relevant organizations, such as the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and all medical universities and their managers, to formulate effective strategies to expand public sports and improve the desired health outcomes.
Effect of Stress Management Training on the Mental Health of Medical Students and Interns Training Centers During the Pandemic: An Intervention Study
Authors: Abbasi Sobhan , Mohammadi Yahya , Raeisoon Mohammadreza
Published: November 2023

Background: Medical students, as a part of the first line of combating COVID-19, have been exposed to harm caused by mental disorders. Objectives: This study investigated how stress management training affects the mental health of medical students and interns during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: sixteen training and internship students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences from 2020-2021 were included in this intervention study. The intervention group completed the stress management training course in 6 sessions. Mental health dimensions were collected with the SCL90 questionnaire before and after intervention in both groups. SPSS 22 software and Mann-Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test were utilized for data analysis.
Results: The basic data showed no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean scores of physical complaint, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal relations, depression, anxiety, aggression, fear, paranoid and psychotic dimensions in the intervention group significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In controls, the obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, and aggression dimensions significantly decreased (P < 0.05). However, in controls, there was no significant difference in the mean score of other dimensions before and after intervention (P > 0.05). Before the intervention, the frequency distribution of various levels of sensitivity to interpersonal relationships in the two studied groups was the same (P > 0.05); after the intervention, these levels were significantly different between groups (P < 0.05). After intervention, the control group had a higher frequency distribution of individuals with degrees of depression (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The mental health of medical internship students during a crisis can be improved by stress management training, which reduces anxiety and depression. Therefore, stress management courses are recommended in stressful situations.
Effectiveness of Motivational Psychotherapy on Depression in Adolescents
Authors: Kazemi Ali , Sahebdel Hosein , Ebrahimpour Majid
Published: November 2023

Background: The present study investigated the effects of motivational psychotherapy on depression in adolescents.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The research population consisted of all female students of the second grade of high schools in Birjand city in the academic year of 2022 - 2023. Thirty participants were randomly selected and allocated to the experimental and control groups. The intervention was performed on the experimental group for 12 weeks, while no intervention was performed on the control group during this period. One week after the sessions, the posttest was performed on both groups. Beck Depression Inventory (1961) was used to collect data and covariance analysis to analyze them.
Results: The mean age was 17.23 in the experimental group. The analysis of variance showed that motivational psychotherapy had a significant effect on reducing depression in teenagers.
Conclusions: These results emphasize the importance and effectiveness of motivational psychotherapy and can open a new way for psychotherapists to conceptualize and treat psychological disorders.
Exploring Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) Challenges in Providing Pre-Hospital Care During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sadeghi Mahdi , Sohrabizadeh Sanaz
Published: November 2023

Background: Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) face many challenges and problems as the front line of dealing with epidemics including COVID-19. Therefore, the present study was aimed at exploring the challenges of EMTs in providing pre-hospital care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This qualitative research was conventional content analysis conducted between November and December 2021. The participants were 15 emergency medical technicians working in the emergency center 115 in Shahroud selected by purposeful sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews at the location of the participants. Then, the codes, subcategories and categories were extracted by inductive process.
Results: Challenges among EMTs in providing pre-hospital care during the COVID-19 pandemic were categorized under four themes including (1) work factors (high work pressure, non-cooperation of patients, difficulty working with protective equipment) (2) unprepared organization (lack of coordination between medical centers, (3) threatened health (psychological disorders, physical problems) and (4) restless social (challenges with family members, social isolation).
Conclusion: Health care managers, authorities and policy makers should use effective strategies to prevent and reduce the challenges of EMS workers in order to minimize their negative effects on EMTs and improve the quality of services provided.
The COVID-19 Infection in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study
Authors: Naghashzadeh Farah , Ahmadi Zargham Hossein , Mohamadifar Arezoo , Naji Seyed Alireza , Keshmiri Mohammad Sadegh , Aghdasi Sina , Hajimoradi Maryam , Riahi Mahsa , Jahangirifard Alireza , Saliminejad Leila , Shafaghi Shadi , Sharif-Kashani Babak , Noorali Sima
Published: November 2023

Background: Infectious diseases are major complications after solid organ transplantation. Heart transplant patients have a high mortality rate after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have shown efficacy in generating specific immune response. This study aims to describe the COVID-19 infection before and after vaccination in heart transplant recipients.
Methods: This was a single-center cohort study including 95 heart transplant recipients with laboratory radiological confirmed COVID-19.
Results: COVID-19 infection was present before vaccination in 33 (35.78%) patients. The most frequent COVID-19 clinical presentations before vaccination were cough in 21 (63.63%) and myalgia in 19 (57.57%) patients; 12 (36.36%) were hospitalized; 17 (51.51%) cases had oxygen depletion and required supplemental oxygen; none of them needed invasive ventilation. Of the entire 33 COVID-19 patients, two patients (6.06%) re-experienced the disease about two months after complete vaccination and both of them were recovered. 63 heart transplant patients had not experienced COVID-19 before vaccination, of which 59 patients received vaccination. After two months, 23 vaccinated patients were infected with COVID-19 again, and 2 of the 3 patients who were not vaccinated were also infected. Five patients passed away in the whole study.
Conclusion: Heart transplant patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at greater risk of severe infection and death compared with immunocompetent individuals. Thus, COVID-19 vaccination for all HT recipients is of paramount importance.
Estimating the Adverse Reaction Among Iranian Blood Donors: The First National Report
Authors: Soodejani Moslem Taheri , Tabatabaei Seyyed Mohammad , Haghdoost Aliakbar , Amiri Masoud , Baneshi Mohammad Reza , Sedaghat Abbas , Zolala Farzaneh
Published: November 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of reactions caused by blood donations in Iran as well as exploring three potential scenarios of the worst, moderate, and the best situations for adverse reactions among Iranian blood donations by specifying the under-reporting rate.
Methods: There are two different designs; first, the ecological study  was coducted to estimate the blood donation adverse effects by using the data registered in the donor vigilance part of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO). Second, the cross-sectional study was conducted  to estimate under-reporting in the data. For the cross-sectional study, 2408 donors were selected randomly in three cities.
Results: In general, based on the estimations of this study, adverse reactions to blood donation in Iran is 2%(CI 95%, 1.4-2.6%). Local and systemic reactions estimated are 1.7%(CI 95%, 1.2-2.2) and 0.3%(0.1-0.5), respectively. Based on the national report, in general, adverse reactions to blood donation in Iran is 0.5(CI 95% 0.4-0.6). Local and systemic reactions estimated are 0.38%(CI 95% 0.28-0.48) and 0.03%(0.0.02-0.04), respectively.
Conclusion: Adverse reactions may vary from region to region in Iran, but in total, there is a lot of under-reporting in the incidence of adverse reactions to blood donation in Iran, most of which are related to local reactions.
Evaluation of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 in Mucinous and Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Pourhosseini Fatemeh , Mohammadi Mohammad Mehdi , Taghipour Shokouh
Published: November 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 in ovary tissue of ovarian cancer patients.
Methods:In the case control study, 122 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients with ovarian cancer and control groups were collected. Immunohistochemistry technique was used for detecting the expression of TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR 9 in ovary tissues.
Results: The mean Immunoreactivity Score (IS) of TLR3 in the case and the control groups was 0.6±0.99 and 0.16±0.1, respectively. The mean IS of TLR7 in the case and the control groups was 1.03±1.05 and 0.66±1.07, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the case and control groups in terms of IS of TLR3 (p=0.001) and TLR7 (p=0.013). However, no significant difference was observed between the case and control groups regarding IS of TLR 4, 8 and 9 (p>0.05).
Conclusion: High IS of TLR3 and TLR7 in these patients may confirm the likelihood of association of viral infection with ovarian cancer. Also, considering that TLR3 is one of the receptors that have viral and bacterial ligands, there is a possibility that a bacterial infection is also involved in the development of ovarian cancer. In addition, the expression of TLR4, TLR8 and TLR9 was not different in ovarian tissue of the case and control groups. It is proposed to conduct this study with RT-PCR technique on the paraffin block sample and compare the results with the above results in future studies.
Comparison of Standard and Lateral Methods of Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion in the Management of Pediatrics Airway
Authors: Karami Tohid , Ghorbanzadeh Mahdiyeh , Sane Shahryar
Published: November 2023

Background: The Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) has traditionally become an alternative device for airway management. This clinical trial compared two standard and lateral techniques in inserting laryngeal masks in pediatric airway management.
Methods: This single-blind clinical trial study was conducted on pediatrics aged 2-6 years who were candidates for elective inguinal herniorrhaphy with ASA I and II under general anesthesia. The pediatrics were randomly assigned to either the standard or lateral methods according to the random number table. The time required to insert LMA and airway pressure as well as the number of attempts to insert in both groups were measured. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25; the significance level was less than 0.05.
Results: Chest movement and mean airway pressure had no significant difference in both groups (p>0.05). The mean LMA insertion time in the lateral and standard methods was 22.94±7.89 and 65±15.27 seconds, respectively (p=0.001). There was no case of mucosal damage in the lateral method, but ten children had mucosal damage in the standard technique (p=0.001). In the lateral method, LMA was inserted for the first time in 32 pediatrics (94.1%) and two pediatrics (5.9%) in the second time but in the standard group, LMA was inserted in the second time in 11 pediatrics (32.4%) (p=0.006).
Conclusion: The lateral method for inserting LMA is practically easy, requires less effort, and has the least complications. Another advantage of the lateral method compared to the standard technique is that inserting a finger into the pharyngeal cavity is unnecessary.
Effects of the Blended Workshop Learning and Web-Based Learning Sequence on the Learning Level: A New Experiment
Authors: Paknia Babak , Rafiei Mohammad , Khorsandi Mahboobeh , Ramezani Ghobad
Published: November 2023

Background: Background: The blended electronic learning system, raised as a new approach in educational planning with great enthusiasm, seeks novel ways to properly combine the media; however, the sequence of in-person and distance educational methods is an issue neglected so far. This study aims to compare the effect of the sequence of blended workshop learning and web-based learning on the learning level of biostatistics in students who were members of the Student Research Committee at Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with an alternative treatment design. The statistical population consisted of the students who were members of the Student Research Committee of the university, including 38 medical students and 15 health students, who were selected through census sampling due to their limited number. The data were selected with 2 questionnaires: demographic characteristics and biostatistics multiple-choice questions to assess learning of statistical concepts in three levels of literacy, reasoning, and thinking. The validity and reliability of the translated statistics questions were assessed through content validity and bisection, respectively. The data were analyzed in SPSS-16 through independent and paired t-tests and analysis of variance.
Results: The results showed a statistical difference between the groups in both faculties in statistical literacy and reasoning in blended learning (p>0.05). However, regarding statistical thinking, the difference was significant in the health faculty (p=0.044) and insignificant in the medical school (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Given the statistical difference observed in the health group, we suggest holding in-person courses at first and online courses then.
Complications and Hospital Outcome of Methanol Toxicity in Patients Admitted in Sina Hospital, Tabriz
Authors: Shakiba Avin , Nahandi Maryam Zaare , Ostadi Ali , Mohammadi Ali Banagozar
Published: November 2023

Background: There has been multiple methanol poisoning outbreaks in Iran throughout the years, thus understanding patient’s socioeconomic status, the type of alcohol they consumed or the reason behind their alcohol consumption will help us to establish ways to prevent these incidences from happening. The aim of this investigation is to assess the prognosis and complications of methanol intoxication.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on patients in Tabriz Sina Hospital during 5 months. The data of the investigated patients was entered into SPSS26. Chi-Square and Logistic Regression tests were used in this analysis.
Results: From the 184 patients, 77.72% (143) recovered completely, 14.67% (27) recovered with permanent complications, and 7.61% (14) died. The most significant predictors of mortality were an increase in levels of Basal excess and creatinine and decrease in respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure on admission and occurrence of arrhythmia. Visual symptoms on admission had protective effects against morbidity and mortality.
Conclusion: According to this study, poor outcome was associated with respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, levels of Basal excess and creatinine, and occurrence of arrhythmia, thus the clinician should evaluate the severity of methanol intoxication based on the history, lab results, vital signs and clinical symptoms in order to minimize morbidity and mortality.
Prevalence and Correlation of Concha Bullosa and Nasal Septal Deviation with Maxillary Sinus Mucosal Thickening Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Vasegh Zahra , Moshfeghi Mahkameh , Jalali Niloofar , Amiri Maede Jafarian
Published: November 2023

Background: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlation of Concha Bullosa (CB) and Nasal Septal Deviation (NSD) with maxillary sinus Mucosal Thickening (MT) using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on CBCT scans of 228 females and 157 males (mean age of 44.82±15.10 years) retrieved from the archives of the Radiology Department of Shahid Beheshti Dental School. The images were evaluated by one oral and maxillofacial radiologist for presence/absence of NSD, CB, and maxillary sinus MT, and their correlations. Statistical analyses were performed by independent t-test, Chi-square test, and binomial test (alpha=0.05).
Results: The prevalence of CB, NSD, and MT was 61.6, 80, and 70.6%, respectively. NSD (p=0.131) and CB (p=0.211) had no significant correlation with MT. However, CB and NSD were significantly correlated (p=0.006). NSD had a significant correlation with contralateral presence of CB as well (p=0.000). The prevalence of CB was significantly higher in females (p<0.05), while the prevalence of NSD and MT was significantly higher in males (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The present study revealed no significant correlation between CB and NSD with maxillary sinus MT. Thus, in absence of clinical symptoms, patients with CB or NSD should not be necessarily referred for treatment of sinus abnormalities. However, considering the significant correlation of CB and NSD, in case of presence of one entity, the other one should be suspected.
Effects of Incorporation of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Mechanical Properties of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement
Authors: Panahandeh Narges , Hasani Elham , Safa Saeed , Hashemi Mojtaba , Torabzadeh Hassan
Published: November 2023

Background: Due to the poor mechanical properties of Glass Ionomer Cement (GICs), their use is limited to low stress-bearing areas. This study aimed to assess the effect of the addition of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on the flexural strength and surface hardness of GIC.
Methods: In this in vitro study, 3, 5, and 10 wt.% TiO2 nanoparticles were added to Fuji II conventional GIC powder. The purity and composition of the as-synthesized titania were investigated by using XRD and FT-IR tools. The homogeneity of powder particles within the used matrix was evaluated under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Results: The SEM micrographs confirmed the homogenous mixing of TiO2 nanoparticles with GIC powder.
Conclusion: Nevertheless, the flexural strength of experimental groups was not significantly different from that of the control group (p=0.384). However, the surface hardness of experimental groups was decreased in comparison with that of the control group (p<0.001).
Validity and Reliability of the Persian Adolescent Leisure Interest Profile in Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Ahadi-Zenab Arezu , Raji Parvin , Ansari Noureddin Nakhostin , Mahmodian Mahmoud , Henry Alexis D.
Published: November 2023

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the psy-chometric properties of a Persian version of the Adolescent Leisure Interest Profile (ALIP) in Persian-speaking adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP).
Methods: Thirty adolescents with CP participated. The test-retest reliability, construct validity of the ALIP with the Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE), and discriminative validity were examined.
Results: There were no floor and ceiling effects. Test-retest reliability of the Persian version of the ALIP for the total scores ranged from 0.69-0.94. Cronbach alpha for internal consistency of the Persian ALIP was obtained 0.98. Evidence for construct validity was found with significant correlations between the ALIP and the CAPE domains (r=-0.45-0.69). The standard error of measurement and the smallest detectable change values were 0.08-8.22 and 0.22-22.87, respectively.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the Adolescent Leisure Interest Profile is a useful tool for measuring leisure activities in Persian-speaking adolescents with CP.
Study of Lip Print Patterns Distribution and Their Stability in Time Pass
Authors: Moshfeghi Mahkameh , Iranparvar Parastoo , Mortazavi Hamed , Nasrabadi Navid
Published: November 2023

to assess the distribution of lip print patterns and their stability during the time.
Methods: Lip prints were obtained from 133 dental students and the distribution of patterns was evaluated, using the Five-stage Suzuki and Tsuchuhashi’s classification. Six months later, lip prints were obtained again from 40 out of 133 students who were chosen accidentally to assess the stability. The individual lip formula was determined by Paired T-test and ANOVA at p<0.05.
Results: Type I was the most common pattern in the lips. Lip formulas were found to be unique for each individual. No significant difference existed in the distribution of lip print patterns between males and females, or between the upper and lower lips. In terms of stability, 73.8% of lip print patterns remained unchanged during a 6-month period.
Conclusion: Lip print patterns are unique to each individual and have medium stability over time. Therefore, cheiloscopy may be considered a useful identification tool in forensic dentistry. However, the lip print pattern cannot indicate the sex of people.
Nutrition Bio Shield (NBS) Supplement for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Mostafavi Seyed-Ali , Khalkhali Aref
Published: November 2023

Background: Micronutrient interventions for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity (ADHD) could be helpful. We used a naturally processed whole wheat grains supplement containing higher doses of micronutrients named Nutrition Bio Shield (NBS). We aimed to determine its effects on ADHD symptoms in adults.
Methods: Fifty-two medication-free adults with ADHD were randomly assigned to receive 5 g of NBS supplement or placebo daily for eight weeks.
Results: Twenty-three participants in the NBS group and 24 participants in the placebo group completed the study. After 8 weeks, compared with the placebo, the ADHD scores significantly decreased (mean difference 95%CI): -4.9 (-8.6 to -1.1); p=0.01; Cohen’s d=0.74), and quality of life significantly improved (mean difference 95%CI): 5.6 (0.12 to 11.3); p=0.04; Cohen’s d=0.59) in the NBS group. The observed side effects were minimal and did not differ statistically between groups.
Conclusion: Quality of life increased during consumption of the NBS supplement, compared to the placebo. However, despite the statistically significant findings, these changes in ADHD symptoms were small and the clinical significance may be low (about 5%).
Comments on “Prediction of Quality of Life Using Dermatology Life Quality Index in Iranian Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1”
Authors: Shahraki Hadi Raeisi
Published: November 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Concentration and Emission of Methane and Hydrogen Sulfide in Lake Baskunchak, Ulan-Blag Beam Creek and Degassing Groundwater Sources in Spring
Authors: Gar’kusha D.N. , Fedorov Yu.A. , Trubnik R.G. , Talpa B.V. , Kovalev E.A.
Published: November 2023

For the first time, the distribution of methane in the brine and bottom sediments of Lake Baskunchak, as well as its tributary, the Ulan-Blag stream, in the beam of which the discharge of ascending degassing groundwater sources takes place, was studied. In addition to CH4, concentrations of total hydrogen sulfide (ΣH2S), Eh and pH values, humidity and density were determined in various horizons (up to 35 cm) of stream sediments. Concentrations of CH4, major ions and pH values were determined in the brine of the lake and stream; experimental measurements of CH4 emission by the chamber method were carried out on one of the debit fields where degassing sources are discharged. Brine mineralization in Lake Baskunchak is 312 g/dm3, which is 2.1 times more than in the Ulan-Blag stream; the water class in the stream and lake is chloride, the sodium group, type II and III, respectively. The fluxes of CH4 into the atmosphere from the surface of the studied degassing source vary in the range of 1.97–2.07 mg/(m2 h). In the brine of degassing sources, a high concentration of CH4 (up to 215 μl/dm3) is recorded, which is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than in the brine of the lake. Low concentrations of CH4 in the brine of the lake are due to its insignificant flow from bottom sediments into the water due to the presence of a salt crust that prevents gas emission, as well as due to its small concentrations in the upper layers of sediments (0.01 μg/g). Low concentrations of CH4, despite the reducing conditions, are also characteristic of the sediments of the mouth of the Ulan-Blag creek (0.04–0.32 μg/g), which, at high concentrations of ΣH2S in them (0.06–1.32 mg/g), is probably caused by the suppression of methanogenesis in the sediments by sulfate reduction. In general, the distribution of CH4 and ΣH2S along the vertical of deposits is quite synchronous (r = 0.64) and correlates with the distribution of Eh values.
The Point as a Symbol of the Absolute and the Projection of Divine Attributes in the Concept of Nicholas of Cusa
Authors: Perekrestova Anastasia V.
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the interpretation of the concept of “point” in the philosophical and reli-gious system of Nicholas of Cusa, for whom this category was a mode of divine reality. The point is represented as a mathematical symbol filled with metaphysical meaning and associated with the idea of God. The author shows the primacy of mathematics in the concept of the philosopher, its fundamental role in the knowledge of the Absolute, which is proved by a huge number of examples in his writings that reveal certain theological postulates through the explication of metamorphoses of geometric figures. In the teaching of Cusa, the straight line, circle, triangle and other objects coincide in infinity, compressed into a point, and this demonstrates that any antinomies are overcome in God. The point denotes the beginning and the end, unity and plurality at the same time, and this shows their equivalence to each other, revealing the paradox and ambivalence of their nature, which turns out to be relevant to divine attributes. The creator, qualified as a maximum, is the same as the minimum, associated with infinity folded into a point. The point is positioned as an internal principle of the universe, and this makes it a derivative of the original divine unity of opposites, which are united in the transcendent and incomprehensible God as the source of existence.
Czego nauki prawne mogą się nauczyć od ekonomii? Sprawa pomocy publicznej po pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Kociubiński Jakub
Published: November 2023

What law can learn from behavioural economics? The case of state aid following COVID-19. This chapter provides an overview of the newest European Union’s State aid acquis regarding interpretative trends revealed during the wave of COVID-19 relief measures and on this basis seeks to identify areas where law can learn from economics, in-line with the so-called More Economic Approach which is often proclaimed but rarely attained in state aid evaluations. The paper begins with a brief outline of the EU State aid instruments used to remedy economic disturbances. Then the analysis moves to the examination of identified problem areas – a risk of moral hazard resulting from extending subsidies beyond the absolute necessity and an issue of imposing conditions on the aid beneficiaries to ensure their adaptation to new, post-crisis market conditions. At the conclusion, the challenges associated with integrating economics into legal texts are analysed and recommendations are formulated.
Rotas epistemológicas para pluri-versar a universidade
Authors: Carreiro Gabriela da Nóbrega , Palhano Tânia Rodrigues
Published: November 2023

Este ensaio tem como objetivo propor reflexões a partir de rotas epistemológicas não hegemônicas para compreendermos as relações coloniais que ainda se fazem presentes nos espaços de formação, nos centros universitários brasileiros, desdobradas nos seus currículos e epistemes. Tratamos de situar o debate em torno das colonialidades que intercruzam os moldes acadêmicos de formação, produção e legitimação de conhecimento, endossando a crítica ao modelo epistêmico hegemônico, universalista, cristão, euro-androcentrado e monodiscursivo que impõe, silencia e exclui outras narrativas, outras epistemes.  Compreendendo que as Instituições de Ensino Superior no Brasil (IES) tem como função social formar sujeitos para a vida em sociedade e trabalho, através da produção e difusão de conhecimentos, enfatizamos a importância do alargamento das concepções epistemológicas que fundam esses centros do saber. Desse modo atentamos para a potencialidade do projeto descolonizador e pluriversal como premissa para a necessária justiça social e reparação com aquelas/es que empreendem diariamente, por séculos, a luta e resistência pela memória e narrativas de seus povos. Perpassando por conceitos como espistemicídeo, injustiça epistêmica, violência epistêmica e opressão epistêmica buscamos criar rotas outras, baseadas na Pedagogia Engajada e na Pedagogia Decolonial, para potencializarmos outras concepções de educação, de formação, de currículo.
Pedagogia Ubuntuísta
Authors: Sousa Soraia Lima Ribeiro de , Machado Raimunda Nonata da Silva
Published: November 2023

A população negra brasileira há muito vem elaborando saberes no cotidiano de suas vivências a fim de superar o racismo, que é elemento estrutural na sociedade, nas relações sociais, no trabalho, na educação e, de modo mais específico, na formação inicial docente, quando este racismo se manifesta institucionalmente. Este artigo é um recorte reflexivo da pesquisa de dissertação intitulada “África em nós: saberes ubuntu na formação inicial docente no curso de Pedagogia UFMA/Codó”, que analisou lugares de apropriação de saberes ubuntu na formação inicial docente, no curso de Pedagogia UFMA/Codó, entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Esta faz uso da pesquisa participante de cunho qualitativo com perspectivas epistêmicas e teóricas decoloniais (Dussel, 2020) e afrocentradas (Asante, 2009). Na análise documental e do cotidiano (Passos, 2022) constata-se possibilidades de constituição de uma pedagogia ubuntuísta alimentada pela afrodocência (Sousa, 2022), que se apresenta como um conjunto de saberes e práticas, ligados aos princípios afrocêntricos, presentes no cotidiano da formação inicial docente, que ocorre no curso de Pedagogia UFMA/ Codó, revelando que (re)existem epistemologias de pedagogias antirracistas em territórios nutridos de afrocentricidade.
Educação das relações étnico-raciais no ensino de Ciências Biológicas
Authors: Arruda Maria Auxiliadora de Almeida , Arruda Reinaldo Gomes de , Santos Maria Eduarda de Almeida
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito do grupo de pesquisa Estudos Críticos da Branquitude e reflete sobre o processo didático desenvolvido em um curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, perfazendo um diálogo com a aplicabilidade da Lei 10.639/2003 e as Diretrizes Curriculares para Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais e o Ensino de História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira, com vistas ao ensino de Ciências Biológicas antirracista. A metodologia de abordagem qualitativa contemplou uma prática dialógica, com as seguintes etapas: 1) estudo teórico individual de textos; 2) discussão coletiva subsidiada pelos estudos teóricos, e 3) reflexão crítica. Participaram desse estudo, os acadêmicos do quinto semestre de 2022 durante 16 aulas do componente curricular Metodologia do Ensino de Ciências, distribuídas em quatro períodos noturnos. O estudo teórico privilegiou a produção do grupo de investigação acadêmico-político da decolonialidade, por seu potencial na reflexão crítica da educação das relações étnico-raciais. Percebeu-se a potencialidade do processo didático realizado na reflexão crítica, na construção de diálogos recíprocos, qualificados e comprometidos com a educação de relações étnico-raciais democráticas e com a construção de uma pedagogia decolonial da branquitude que problematiza a ideia de raça fixada na crença de que “ser branco” determina um modelo estético, moral, intelectual e cultural universal de humanidade, além de pensar estratégias para combater o racismo no ensino dos conteúdos das Ciências Biológicas e contribuir na formação de professores antirracistas.
Professoras universitárias negras e outras educações
Authors: Lazaro Rafael dos Santos , Miranda Cladia
Published: November 2023

O debate produzido na América Latina e no Caribe dentro da chave da decolonialidade foi profícuo por oferecer novas bases conceituais onde se localizam os nossos interesses de pesquisa e de intercâmbio. Os itens elencados em nossa reflexão revelam interpretações mais ao Sul, e, no artigo aqui sugerido, nosso intuito é pensar com professoras universitárias negras sobre itinerâncias de resistência no acontecimento universitário. Em linhas mais gerais, partimos de um corpus epistemológico clandestinizado para analisar narrativas produzidas por profissionais da sala de aula atuantes no curso de Letras da UFRRJ e que, a nosso ver, assumem uma práxis educativa alinhada com o pensamento educacional crítico latino-americano. A partir das análises apresentadas nesta pesquisa, alcançamos e desenvolvemos os conceitos de Resistência Pedagógica Decolonial e Práticas Pedagógicas subversivas.
pedagogia da caboclagem em Patativa do Assaré
Authors: Oliveira Vanderly Vitoriano de
Published: November 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir o conceito de caboclagem como proposta de articulação pedagógica, rizomática e decolonial dos processos de subjetivações coletivas que constituíram culturalmente a estigmatização do caboclo. Em contexto de supremacia branca ocidental, entende-se, portanto, que a formação inicial do caboclo se deu no objetivo de atender às demandas dos parâmetros de exploração colonial/econômica no Norte do Brasil, embora, no transcorrer dos tempos, adquira parcialmente diferentes configurações em outras regiões do país, especialmente nos sertões brasileiros. Assim, destaca-se neste trabalho a desconstrução imagética do caboclo sob o viés de operações políticas – caboclagens – do etnopoeta Patativa do Assaré, cujo discurso preferencial, autobiográfico, o evidencia como “caboclo cabra da peste” revestido pela luta antiimperialista de poderes e saberes dos “esfarrapados do mundo”. A pesquisa segue uma linha hibrida que abrange, especialmente, a relação entre etnometodologia e a cartografia; nessa perspectiva, se estabelece um diálogo bibliográfico com os substratos teóricos de Homi Bhabha, Achille Mbembe, Édouard Glissant, Félix Guattari, Frantz Fanon, Pierre Bourdieu, Aníbal Quijano, Michel Foucault, além de outros em interlocução com a etnopoética de Patativa do Assaré. Espera-se, pois, que este estudo contribua no sentido de ampliar a discussão acerca dos processos de diferenciações operados pelos movimentos pedagógicos que se efetivam como atividades culturais, sobretudo carregado pelo teor de experiências artístico-literárias das poéticas de aquisição do poder, que fazem girar a luta decolonial e antiimperialista de combate ao racismo epistêmico, e de outros modos de racismos desenvolvidos pela colonialidade do poder do saber e do ser.
A implementação da Lei 10.639/2003 nas escolas públicas brasileiras
Authors: Porto Liana Barcelos , Silva José Rodolfo Lopes da , Sousa Nilcelio Sacramento de
Published: November 2023

Este artigo discute a partir de uma revisão sistemática as perspectivas teóricas e conceituais para a promoção de uma educação antirracista, com ênfase na Lei 10.639/2003 e suas perspectivas nas escolas públicas brasileiras. Foram abordados os conceitos de racismo estrutural, branquitude e educação antirracista, bem como os desafios e possibilidades da implementação da lei. As citações de autores/as como Alberto Guerreiro Ramos, Kabengele Munanga, Nilma Gomes e outros/as proporcionaram embasamento teórico ao texto. A pesquisa demonstrou a necessidade de ações afirmativas para garantir a inclusão e sucesso escolar dos/as alunos/as negros/as, bem como a formação de professores/as para a promoção de uma educação antirracista. A Lei 10.639/2003 é vista como um dispositivo a serviço da promoção da diversidade e igualdade racial no ambiente escolar, mas ainda existem desafios a serem enfrentados para a sua efetivação.
The diet of the human groups buried in a late- and post-Medieval rural parish cemetery in Libkovice (Czech Republic)
Authors: Karykowska Aleksandra , Konczewski Paweł , Kwiatkowska Barbara , Witan Joanna , Lisowska-Gaczorek Aleksandra , Szostek Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

Libkovice is a village in the northwestern Czech Republic that was demolished at the end of the last century due to the expansion of a nearby mine. The former church cemetery has been a subject to bioarchaeological excavation and research, where some 850 burials from the 13th to the 19th Century have been discovered so far. With the application of stable isotope analysis, it has also been possible to uncover the dietary patterns of this exemplary rural Central European community, which was the aim of this study.
The materials analysed here consist of samples from long bones of 56 burials and 18 animal bones discovered in Libkovice during the 2019/21 excavations. It has been employed stable carbon (δ13C) isotope analysis to determine the average contributions of foods derived from the C3 plants.
Statistically significant differences were found between the analyzed fauna and human samples for nitrogen (F=47.4 p<0.05) and carbon (F=19.18 p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the analyzed animal and human samples between the specify centuries. When considering the ages of various human individuals, the results indicated statistically significant differences in nitrogen isotopes (F= 7.71 p<0.05) between children from the infants I group and older children together with adults from the Middle Ages, as well as between children from the infants I group and adults (F= 3.3, p<0.05) from the modern times. The proportion of food from C3 plants that made up the diets of the studied population was on average 89%, and the potential proportion of freshwater fish in the diet could be higher than 80%.
The similarity between the chronologically diverse groups may indicate similar strategies for food acquisition. The results obtained for the population of Libkovice are very similar to the diets of the populations living in Central Europe broadly during the two periods.
Urojeniowy typ schizofazji. Na przykładzie analizy tekstów schizofatycznych
Authors: Woźniak Tomasz
Published: November 2023

Schizofazję zwykle kojarzy się z niespójnością wypowiedzi w jej wymiarach semantycznym i formalno‑gramatycznym. Artykuł podnosi kwestię niespójności pragmatycznej tekstu i zawiera propozycje włączenia do spektrum schizofazji także wypowiedzi odnoszących się do urojeń. Zawarte w artykule przykłady analiz wypowiedzi osób cierpiących na schizofrenię, dokonane za pomocą skal do oceny schizofazji (TLC, KSOS) potwierdzają tę tezę.
«Y cuando vio la foto de la nena, se le cayeron las medias». Humanitarización de las movilidades por salud y visado por tratamiento médico
Authors: Basualdo Lourdes
Published: November 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar ciertas manifestaciones que adquiere el humanitarismo en el control y la regulación de las movilidades por salud en el contexto argentino. A nivel empírico, indaga uno de los usos políticos del visado por salud, desde la figura de «pacientes bajo tratamientos médicos» contenida en la normativa migratoria, a partir de la experiencia de movilidad transcontinental de una niña proveniente del África subsahariana que ingresó a la Argentina hacia mediados de la década de 2010 bajo esta categoría migratoria. Mediante una metodología cualitativa que combina observaciones participantes y entrevistas desarrolladas entre 2016 y 2019, el artículo muestra el trabajo de humanitarización a través del cual personas o grupos con mayores restricciones a la movilidad, surgidas a partir de la reconfiguración del «régimen sudamericano de migración y fronteras», llegan a ser producidos como merecedores de tratamiento humanitario, así como las tensiones y los conflictos experimentados durante el ejercicio del control humanitario de la movilidad. Se sostiene que, en el proceso de movilidad por salud en estudio, el control humanitario se configura a partir de la articulación entre imposición y acceso a medidas de visados, producción de «llamantes» y determinados usos políticos de la imaginería humanitaria.
Sobre la pretendida especialidad de la Ley N.° 20.027 respecto a la Ley N.° 20.720 sobre insolvencia y reemprendimiento en Chile. Reflexiones acerca de las condiciones que debe cumplir una norma para ser considerada especial
Authors: Campos Micin Sebastián , Ezurmendia Álvarez Jesús
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo examina críticamente la línea jurisprudencial desarrollada en el último tiempo por la Sala Civil de la Corte Suprema chilena en torno a la exclusión del crédito con garantía estatal para el financiamiento de estudios de educación superior del procedimiento concursal de liquidación. Luego de identificar las condiciones de aplicación del criterio de especialidad y los principios que informan a los procedimientos concursales, se explica por qué, contrariamente a lo que sostiene la Sala, los mecanismos contemplados en el título V de la Ley N.° 20.027 no son realmente especiales de cara al procedimiento concursal de liquidación regulado en la Ley N.° 20.720. En general, se sostiene que no toda regulación asociada a hipótesis generales o especiales de insolvencia forma parte del derecho concursal. En la medida que la regulación no se refiera a un procedimiento colectivo, con órganos que tiendan a aumentar la tasa de recuperación de los acreedores y/o salvaguardar el sistema de crédito y el orden público económico, la regulación no forma parte del derecho concursal. En este entendido, se concluye que los mecanismos contemplados por la Ley N.° 20.027 no forman parte del derecho concursal, pues todos ellos no son más que medios de tutela individual, aun cuando estén asociados a una hipótesis de insolvencia.