bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of jurisprudence on the formation of relations between the manager and the limited liability company
Authors: PERÁČEK Tomáš , KAŠŠAJ Michal
Published: April 2023

The procedure and internal functioning of a limited liability company in the conditions of the Slovak Republic seemed to be a long-settled question. However, the opposite is true. We were particularly interested in the question of how a de facto non-existent person can act and thereby have certain rights and obligations. As part of the study, we came across numerous jurisprudence, which completes our understanding of the term executive and also defines the framework of his actions. A very important issue is the definition of the relationship between the limited liability company and the manager. The reason is the fact that it is a business-legal relationship and therefore the protection provided to this relationship is lower compared to civil-law relationships or labor relations. In addition to the examination of a limited liability company and its manager, we focus primarily on a critical analysis of the commercial and labor law relationship between the manager and the limited liability company. To achieve our goal, we use several scientific methods designed for the study of law, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction, description. In conclusion we will critically evaluate the results of our investigation, we will compare the development of Slovak, European and Czech jurisprudence in the context of its influence on the investigated issue. At the same time, we answer the research question whether it is possible to perform the function of an executive on the basis of an employment contract.
Special regime for the recognition of decisions on financial penalties: complex analysis
Authors: JANČÁT Lukáš
Published: April 2023

The 'smoldering effect' of integration has inevitably resulted in widening the scope of matters in which the Member States of the European Union cooperate with each other. One such area is also the area of criminal matters, including the matter of mutual recognition on financial penalties. The aim of the article is systematically describe the specific regime for the recognition and enforcement of decisions on financial penalties under Council Framework Decision 2005/214/JHA. To this end, we analyze historical bases for an adoption of the regime on the territory of the European Communities; the current legal framework of the special regime at European Union level; the purpose and scope of Council Framework Decision 2005/214/JHA; the nature of the special regime; the transposed measure in the Slovak Republic and the nature of the decisions issued under Council Framework Decision 2005/214/JHA in terms of their extraterritorial effects. In particular, we performed textual analyses of relevant laws, legal literature and case-law of CJEU and ECtHR. Based on the synthesis of knowledge, the prospects for evolution of the special regime are assessed in conclusion.
Типология дополнительного элемента в китайском языке: история и современность
Authors: ЕМЕЛЬЧЕНКОВА Елена Николаевна
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена описанию подходов к классификации дополнительного элемента (补语 bǔyǔ) – особого члена предложения, выделяемого в китайской лингвистике. На материале грамматических описаний языка прослеживается эволюция взглядов китайских лингвистов, выявляются причины столь серьезных расхождений в типах дополнительного элемента, наблюдающихся в лингводидактической и теоретической литературе по китайскому языку. Показано, что смешение формальных и семантических критериев при выделении типов приводит к размыванию границ не только в рамках этого члена предложения, но и в соотношении с дополнением и обстоятельством.
Внешняя политика Республики Корея после президентских выборов 2022 г.
Authors: ВОЛОЩАК Валентин Игоревич , БЕЗОТОСОВА Анастасия Руслановна , НИКОНЕНКОВА Нионелла Игоревна
Published: April 2023

В данной статье проведен анализ основных инициатив нового южнокорейского руководства во внешней политике после президентских выборов в Республике Корея в 2022 г. В своей работе авторы опираются на доклад "120 задач государственной политики" Правительства РК, совместное заявление и материалы пресс-конференции по итогам майского саммита США-РК 2022 г., а также материалы СМИ и исследовательскую литературу. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в ближайшей перспективе направления внешней политики РК будут определять фактор углубления технологического, экономического и военного сотрудничества США, а также стремление нового президента Юн Согёля улучшить отношения с Японией.
Analisis Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Pekerja Industri Pembuatan Batu Bata di Korong Tanjung Pisang Nagari Sintuk Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Fitriyani Fitriyani , Gusti Aria , Hermawati Fauziah
Published: April 2023

Berdasarkan hasil survei ILO tahun 2018 menyebutkan bahwa di Indonesia terjadi kecelakaan kerja sebanyak 29 kasus yang mengakibatkan kematian dalam 100.000 pekerja Indonesia dan sebanyak 380.000 (13,7%) pekerja meninggal setiap tahunnya karena kecelakaan kerja. Aktifitas pekerja industri batu bata berisiko untuk menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja seperti tertimpa batu bata hingga kebakaran, dan penyakit akibat kerja seperti low back pain, infeksi saluran pernapasan akut, dermatitis dan penyakit kulit lainnya, dan kerusakan kuku. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain crossectional. Kegiatan dilakukan dari April - Oktober 2021 dengan metode wawancara dan observasi. Analisis menggunakan standar AS/NZS 4360:2004 dan formulir Job Safety Analysis (JSA). Hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 19 tahapan kerja, 4 tahapan kerja kategori risiko ektrim, 10 tahapan kategori risiko tinggi, 3 tahapan kerja kategori risiko sedang, dan 2 tahapan kerja kategori risiko rendah. Kesimpulan, diperlukan alat bantu kerja seperti mesin pengaduk, penggunaan sarung tangan, topi dan sepatu boots dalam bekerja dan pengaturan jam kerja.

Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Kerja, Keselamatan Kerja, JSA, Pekerja batu bata
Bazı ilaçların koyun Paraoksonaz-1 üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması
Authors: YÜKSEL Hatice , ERGÜN Adem , ARSLAN Mikail , ARSLAN Oktay
Published: April 2023

Paraoksonaz-1 (PON1, EC 3.1.8.1) birçok metabolik süreçlerde önemli rollere sahip bir metaloenzimdir. Bu çalışmada Karacabey Merinos koyunundan hidrofobik etkileşim tekniği ile PON1 (mPON1) saflaştırılmıştır. Saf enzim üzerinde enrofloksasin ve furosemid ilaçlarının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan ilaçların, mPON1 enzimini farklı düzeylerde inhibe ettiği bulunmuştur. İlaçların IC50 değerleri ilgili grafiklerden hesaplanarak inhibisyon güçleri saptanmıştır. Bu değerlere göre furosemid (IC50 = 9,87 mM)’in enrofloksasin (IC50 = 42,21 mM)’den daha güçlü inhibitör olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Socio-Political Factors of the Military Conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic
Authors: El'zeni Nedal Khafez Zakariya Khafez
Published: April 2023

The article "Socio-political factors of the military conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic" examines the main factors influencing the conflict in Syria. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data and the results of a survey conducted in Syria. The article shows that the military conflict in Syria is caused by political instability, economic problems and disagreements between various political groups. In addition, ethical and religious differences and the influence of external forces on the situation in the country are also important factors in the conflict. The findings of the study emphasize the need to continue work to resolve the conflict in Syria through political dialogue and peaceful negotiations between the parties, as well as creating conditions for political stability, justice and economic well-being for all segments of the population. The military conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic has many causes and factors that interact with each other and strengthen the situation in the country. Political instability and divisions between different political groups, the presence of economic problems and injustices, ethical and religious differences and the influence of external forces on the situation in the country - all these factors contribute to the aggravation of the conflict. However, despite the complexity of the situation in Syria, there are chances to resolve the conflict through political dialogue and peaceful negotiations between the parties. To do this, it is necessary to eliminate the roots of the conflict, to ensure political stability, justice and economic well-being for all segments of the population. Thus, it is important to continue research on the socio-political factors of the military conflict in Syria and work on creating conditions for a peaceful resolution of the conflict, which will ensure the security and well-being of the inhabitants of this country.
Giant fibroadenoma of the breast treated with reduction mammoplasty and excision of lesion: A case report
Authors: Riaz Tahira , Riaz Saood Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Oncoplastic surgery was developed to allow for large tumor excision, immediate breast reconstruction, and optimal breast shape and symmetry. These techniques, used in past for malignant tumors, are useful for cosmetic issues caused by benign breast disease. Here, we present a case report Wise-pattern reduction mammoplasty for oncoplastic reconstruction of a giant fibroadenoma. A 29-year-old woman with 40 C size breasts presented to the clinic with the left breast enlargement from the past 7 months. Breast surgery team excised the mass with a Wise-pattern reduction technique. Immediately postoperatively, the patient showed excellent symmetry. Follow-up postoperatively showed good wound healing, preserved symmetry, and a viable, sensate nipple. Oncoplastic breast reconstruction in a reduction pattern technique after giant fibroadenoma removal provides an excellent outcome, allowing for improved symmetry.
Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal management of sellar/suprasellar arachnoid cyst: A case report and literature review
Authors: Matmusaev Maruf , Watanabe Tadashi , Iwami Kenichiro , Akhmediev Tokhir
Published: April 2023

Background:

Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are collections of cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) that develop within the arachnoid layer of the meninges. Sellar ACs are comparatively rare. In general, ACs account for approximately 1% of all intracranial mass lesions, and sellar ACs are 3% of all intracranial ACs. An endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach for the treatment of ACs by fenestrating the cyst’s wall and connecting with the subarachnoid space is the most optimal option.

Case Description:

A 74-year-old woman whose sellar AC was diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging a year ago was admitted to our hospital with complaints of bitemporal hemianopia and diminished visual acuity in the past 2 months. Sellar AC was diagnosed based on the clinical history and presentation, as well as neurologic, endocrinologic, and ophthalmologic examinations, including visual acuity and visual field examination, and additional imaging findings. The patient with a sellar/suprasellar AC was treated by an endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach with cyst drainage and perforation of the lamina terminalis. Postoperatively, the visual disturbances improved markedly. No surgery-related complications occurred.

Conclusion:

The endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach remains a minimally invasive and preferred approach for the treatment of sellar/suprasellar ACs. Hermetically reconstructing the sellar floor is an effective method to prevent CSF leakage.
Spinal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: A case report of a rare malignant tumor
Authors: Dehneh Younes , Aldabbas Mohannad , Elfarissi Mohammed Alamine , Khoulali Mohamed , Oulali Noureddine , Moufid Faycel
Published: April 2023

Background:

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is an uncommon malignant variant of chondrosarcoma that mainly affects the bones and cartilaginous tissues, but may rarely involve the spine. Careful preoperative planning for surgical tumor removal and spine reconstruction is mandatory and must be based on oncologic and surgical staging.

Case Description:

Over 1 month, a 16-year-old female became paraplegic with a T9 sensory level and urinary dysfunction. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intraspinal extradural T7-T9 mass that was isointense in T1W1 and markedly enhanced with gadolinium. The patient underwent gross-total tumor resection followed by an osteoplastic laminectomy with fusion. The histological examination was consistent with a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. She had received radiation and chemotherapy. One year later, she was readmitted for tumor recurrence with multiple metastases involving L1, the lung, and peritoneum. Despite full course of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, she died after 6 months of the second surgery.

Conclusion:

Total resection of mesenchymal chondrosarcomas is the gold standard for treatment and is typically followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy. However, the status of residual tumor, local extension, and or metastases best determine the overall survival which may prove extremely limited.
Hypofractionated radiotherapy of patients with glioblastoma: the first experience in Ukraine and prospects view
Authors: Gryazov Andrey B. , Glavatskyi Oleksandr Y. , Chuvashova Olga Y. , Zemskova Oksana V. , Andriichenko Olena G. , Kruchok Iryna V. , Griazov Andrii A. , Spasichenko Igor P. , Khmelnytskyi Hennadii V. , Shuba Iryna M. , Stuley Volodymyr A.
Published: April 2023

Objective: To assess the survival of patients (pts) with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) in groups with hypofractionated regime radiotherapy, standard fractionationated regime radiotherapy and whole brain irradiation.Materials and methods: A retrospective non-randomized single-center study of 205 pts with GBM grade 4 according to the WHO classification treated in Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute named after Acad. A.P. Romodanov National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine (2014–2020). The mean age of pts 53.8 years (95% CI 52.1 - 55.5); there were 114 men (55.6%) and 91 women (44.4%). According to the regimen radiotherapy (RT), pts were divided into 3 groups: 49 (23.9%) pts (standard RT: 2.0 Gy per fraction in 30 fractions, total dose 60.0 Gy) – group "sRT", 110 (53.7%) pts (hypofractionated RT: 3.5 Gy per fraction in 15 fractions, total dose 52, 5 Gy) - group "hRT", 46 (22.4%) pts – group "WBRT" (whole brain radiation). Differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the three groups were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curve, log-rank test and Pearson Chi-square test.Results: The median OS is 15,0 (95% CI 14,1 – 17,1), 16,5 (95% CI 14,1 – 18,8) and 8,7 (95% CІ 7,5 – 9,5) months for sRT, hRT and WBRT, respectively. There is a significant difference in OS for sRT and hRT compared to WBRT (p=0.00000), without difference in OS between sRT and hRT (p=0.06757). The median PFS in sRT and hRT does not differ significantly: sRT – 9.0 (95% CI 9.0 - 10.0) months; hRT – 9.0 (95% CI 8.0 - 10.0) months. The median OS for WBRT is 5.1 (95% CI 4.0 - 6.0) months. There is a significant difference in PFS for sRT and hRT compared to the WBRT (p=0.00000), without difference in PFS between sRT and hRT (p=0.43374). The risk of death for WBRT compared to sRT is 2.5 times higher (HR 2.5 [95% CI, 1.45 - 4.46)) and 3.5 times higher compared to the hRT group (HR 3.5 [95% CI, 2.09-5.88)). The risk of progression for WBRT is 2.8 times higher (HR 2.78 [95% CI, 1.63-4.74)) compared to sRT, and 3.1 times higher (HR 3.12 [95% CI, 1.91-5.10)) compared to hRT.The broad implementation of hRT into clinical practice is specific to all modern radiation oncology. This trend is currently underway due to the specific positive clinical effects of hRT, which are discussed in detail in our publication.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates comparable survival outcome between sRT and hRT groups. This is an argument in favor of the feasibility of using hRT as a part of multimodal GBM treatment in terms of oncological outcomes. Further studies are needed to identify specific stratification groups of GMB patients with the greatest survival and quality of life benefits due to hRT.
Фонетическая характеристика речи первого президента РС (Я) М. Е. Николаева
Authors: СОРОВА И.Н. , ЗАХАРОВА К.В.
Published: April 2023

Политическая лингвистика, изучающая специфику речи политического дискурса, применение речевых и языковых средств в политических процессах, носит направление междисциплинарного характера, которое активно развивается в России на сегодняшнем этапе развития. И на современном этапе функционирования политической лингвистики одной из важных задач является изучение специфики и системности функционирования средств политической речи, формирующей речевой портрет политика. Речевой портрет политика представляет собой определенную систему содержательных и коммуникативных особенностей, формирующих общественное мнение о политике. Одним из которых являются фонетические особенности, в том числе интонационно-ритмические и артикуляционные, в настоящее время изучение роли фонетической характеристики речи при составлении речевого портрета политика является актуальным. Цель работы заключается в исследовании фонетической характеристики речи первого президента Республики Саха (Якутия) М. Е. Николаева. Материалом исследования послужили выступления и обращения на якутском языке М. Е. Николаева в виде видеоматериалов, извлечённых из официального YouTube канала первого президента Республики Саха (Якутия). Для достижения поставленной цели используются описательный, контекстный, статистический методы, также комплекс экспериментально-лингвистических методов: аудитивный анализ экспериментального материала, анализ интонографического материала с лингвистической интерпретацией результатов исследования. Научная новизна работы заключается в том, что экспериментально-лингвистическим методом анализируются фонетические параметры речи политика, такие как пауза, тональность и интенсивность, составляющие его коммуникативный портрет.
JOINT ACTIVITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES AND UNIVERSITIES TO IMPLEMENT NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Чайков М.Ю.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассмотрен успешный опыт научного и бизнес-сотрудничества промышленного предприятия из Екатеринбурга (машиностроительный завод) и Казанского национального исследовательского технического университета им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ. Автор на конкретных примерах показывает, как совместная работа специалистов данных организаций привела к созданию новых научных открытий и технических инноваций.

We look at the best practice of scientific and business cooperation of a machine-building company from Yekaterinburg and Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. Tupolev. We give examples of how the joint efforts of the specialists from the organizations in question contribute to scientific discoveries and technical innovations.
POWER SHELL ELEMENTS: DYNAMIC MATHEMATICAL MODELS (OVERVIEW)
Authors: Чернусь Павел П. , Чернусь Пётр П.
Published: April 2023

В статье приведен обзор силовых оболочковых элементов (СОЭ) и их конструктивных реализаций (пневмомускул, баллонный цилиндр) с точки зрения построения математических моделей ‒ дифференциальных уравнений, описывающих временные зависимости между перемещением и усилием на выходе СОЭ и расходом на его входе. Показано, что использование указанных элементов может быть описано с помощью математического моделирования, что облегчает синтез системы управления.

We present an overview of power shell elements (PSE) and their constructive implementations (pneumatic artificial muscles, balloon cylinder) from the point of view of constructing mathematical models ‒ differential equations describing the time dependences between displacement and force at the output of the PSE and the flow rate at its input. We demonstrate that the use of the elements in question can be described using mathematical modeling, which facilitates the synthesis of the control system.
A hybrid off-lattice kinetic Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics method for amorphous thin film growth
Authors: Ntioudis Stavros , Ewen James Patrick , Dini Daniele , Turner Christoffer Heath
Published: April 2023

The ability to understand and model the growth of amorphous thin films on solid surfaces is essential to a wide range of industrial applications, from the deposition of wear-resistant coatings to the production of solar cells. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) hybrid off-lattice kinetic Monte Carlo-molecular dynamics (kMC/MD) algorithm is developed to study the growth of thin amorphous films on solid substrates over timescales of tens of seconds with atomistic resolution. We use this method to study the growth of polyphosphate films from tricresyl phosphate (TCP) molecules on an iron substrate. Molecular adsorption, desorption, bond breaking/formation processes, and diffusion of iron ions through the film are simulated in the kMC stage and the film is relaxed during the MD stage. The kMC/MD method is approximately ten orders of magnitude faster than equivalent reactive force field (ReaxFF MD) simulations. The simulated film growth rate and topology agree well with experimental results and the chemical structure of the film is consistent with previous molecular dynamics simulations of iron polyphosphates. The newly-developed hybrid kMC/MD methodology can be adopted to yield important insights into thin film growth for several potential applications, which are also discussed.
Ionic Blockades Control the Efficiency of Energy Recovery in Forward Bias Bipolar Membranes
Authors: Toh Wei Lun , Dinh Hieu , Chu An , Sauvé Ethan , Surendranath Yogesh
Published: April 2023

Limited understanding exists about the operation of bipolar membranes (BPMs) in forward bias to convert protonic gradients into electrical work, despite its emerging role in many electrochemical devices. In these device contexts, the BPM is typically exposed to complex electrolyte mixtures, but their impact on polarization remains poorly understood. Herein, we develop a mechanistic model explaining the forward bias polarization behavior of BPMs in mixed electrolytes with different acidities/basicities. This model invokes that weak acids/bases accumulate in the BPM and impose an ionic blockade that inhibits the recombination of stronger acids/bases, resulting in a substantial neutralization overpotential. We demonstrate the utility of our model to fuel cells and redox flow batteries, and introduce two materials design strategies for mitigating this inhibition. Lastly, we apply our findings to enhance the energy efficiency of carbonate management in CO2 electrolyzers. This work highlights how non-equilibrium local environments at membrane-membrane interfaces can define the efficiency of protonic-to-electrical energy conversion.
Hierarchical tubular structures from biodegradable and bioactive PEG-modified PBS-DLS copolymers
Authors: Zarei Moein , Michalkiewicz Beata , El Fray Miroslawa
Published: April 2023

Advanced manufacturing techniques for fabrication of tubular structures using biodegradable and biocompatible materials are crucial for the progress of tissue engineering. However, using 3D printing or electrospinning alone to fabricate multilayered tubular scaffolds that mimic the structural features of the tubular tissue (for example coronary artery) is not always sufficient and the selection of suitable biomaterials is still an important criterion. In order to address these challenges, first, we selected new segmented poly(butylene succinate-dilinoleic succinate) (PBS-DLS) copolymers of different segmental composition (70 wt% and 60 wt% of hard segments, respectively) which were modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The effect of the segmental composition of copolymers on their enzymatic degradation, bioactivity, and cytotoxicity was investigated. All polymers showed a decrease in molecular weight (up to 40%) as determined by GPC, and mass loss up to 10% after 20 days of enzymatic degradation as measured by gravimetric analysis. Morphological study revealed the appearance of holes and cracks on the surface of polymers and changes in semi-crystalline spherulitic morphology. The in vitro bioactivity study showed precipitation of biomimetic Ca/P crystals of different stoichiometry depending from the segmental composition of polymers: more crystalline polymers (70 wt% of hard segments) favored tricalcium phosphate-like crystals formation while polymers of lower crystallinity (60 wt% of hard segments) were more favorable for hydroxyapatite precipitation. Further, all copolymers showed excellent cell viability in in vitro tests. Finally, we have successfully fabricated hierarchical tubular structures from new copolymers by combining electrospinning and 3D printing techniques. SEM analysis revealed micro- and nano-topography and excellent interconnectivity between distinct layers. Overall, this research confirm the suitability of these materials for potential medical applications.
Analysis of the Problem of Occupational Orientation of Medical Students in Russian and Foreign Literature
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, Elizarov E. S , Belogai K. N. ,   Kemerovo State University
Published: April 2023

Occupational orientation determines the profession choice, preconditions academic and professional activity, and is of interdisciplinary nature being at the confluence of psychology, pedagogy, and medicine. Conceptualization of this notion is needed for its developing in medical students during their study. Different approaches to understanding the concept of occupational orientation by Russian authors have been analyzed. Its typification, as well as factors and conditions for its developing have been presented. Foreign authors study particular phenomena contributing to students’ actualization in medical academic and professional activities and put greater emphasis to them. Difference in approaches though does not allow for data conceptualization. The issue of occupational orientation of medical students and its structure requires specific examination taking into account international expertize.
Cognitive Component of Psychological Media Competence in Would-Be Specialists in Advertising and Public Relations
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kyshtymova E. S.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of the empirical study of developing psychological media competence in students majoring in advertising field. Creating media content advertising writers face not only pragmatic task but also bear responsibility for their psychological safety, as they should understand peculiarities of media text influence on different population groups. The ability to perform the psychological analysis of media content identifying specific features of its potential impact is a crucial component of psychological media competence. The study involved 160 people. The data show that at the beginning of the experiment all students demonstrated low level of psychological media competence. At the end of the experiment, the indices in the control group were close to the benchmarks set by the experts.
Tumor-Net: convolutional neural network modeling for classifying brain tumors from MRI images
Authors: Bitto Abu Kowshir , Bijoy Md. Hasan Imam , Yesmin Sabina , Mahmud Imran , Mia Md. Jueal , Biplob Khalid Been Badruzzaman
Published: April 2023

Abnormal brain tissue or cell growth is known as a brain tumor. One of the body's most intricate organs is the brain, where billions of cells work together. As a head tumor grows, the brain suffers damage due to its increasingly dense core. Magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, is a type of medical imaging that enables radiologists to view the inside of body structures without the need for surgery. The image-based medical diagnosis expert system is crucial for a brain tumor patient. In this study, we combined two Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based image datasets from Figshare and Kaggle to identify brain tumor MRI using a variety of convolutional neural network designs. To achieve competitive performance, we employ several data preprocessing techniques, such as resizing and enhancing contrast. The image augmentation techniques (E.g., rotated, width shifted, height shifted, shear shifted, and horizontally flipped) are used to increase data size, and five pre-trained models employed, including VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet-50, Xception, and Inception-V3. The model with the highest accuracy, ResNet-50, performs at 96.76 percent. The model with the highest precision overall is Inception V3, with a precision score of 98.83 percent. ResNet-50 performs at 96.96% for F1-Score. The prominent accuracy of the implemented model, i.e., ResNet-50, compared with several earlier studies to validate the consequence of this introspection. The outcome of this study can be used in the medical diagnosis of brain tumors with an MRI-based expert system.
Niğde ilinde üçüncü basamak bir hastaneden izole edilen bakterilerin tür dağılımı ve antibiyotik duyarlılıkları: üç yıllık değerlendirme
Authors: BOZOK Taylan , ÖZTÜRK Ali
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Artan bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar ve antimikrobiyal direnç (AMD) halk sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bu sorunun yönetiminde sürveyans çalışmaları büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli örneklerden izole edilen bakterilerin tür dağılımı ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Mart 2018- Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında … Hastanesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı’na gönderilen klinik örneklerinden izole edilen bakterilerin tanımlama ve antibiyotik duyarlılık test (ADT) sonuçları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bakteriyolojik tanımlama ve ADT’ler için Vitek 2 otomatik cihazı kullanıldı. İzolatların antibiyotik duyarlılıkları EUCAST standartlarına göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Belirtilen tarih aralığında farklı klinik örneklerden toplam 6392 bakteriyel patojen izole edildi ve 6039 (%94.5) bakteri izolatına ADT yapıldı. Üreme tespit edilen örnek türleri arasında en sık idrar örneği (n=2982; %47.1) olmak üzere sırasıyla kan (n=1492; %23.6), trakeal aspirat (n=871; %13.8), yara (n=476; %7.5), balgam (n=154; %2.4) ve diğer klinik örnekler bunu takip etti. En sık tespit edilen bakteri türünün Esherichia coli (%28.4) olduğu görüldü. Genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (ESBL) pozitifliği E. coli için %22.6 ve Klebsiella spp. için %14.8 olarak bulundu. Staphylococcus aureus türleri içinde metisiline dirençli S. aureus (MRSA) oranı %45.6 olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Enfeksiyon hastalıkları ile mücadelede bölgesel bakteriyel etken ve antimikrobiyal direnç profilinin iyi bilinmesi ve sürveyans sistemlerinin doğru işletilmesi gerekmektedir. E. coli ve Klebsiella spp. türlerindeki artışa karşı önlem olarak ampirik tedavilerin yeniden gözden geçirilmesi yararlı olacaktır. Yüksek MRSA ve ESBL oranları bölgemizi tehdit edici bir unsur olmaya devam etmektedir.
Astımlı bireylerin hastalık algısı ve astım yönetim düzeyleri
Authors: YILDIZ Deniz , TÜLÜCE Derya
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma, astımlı bireylerin hastalık algısı ve astım yönetim düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma, Aralık 2020-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin göğüs hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran 211 astımlı birey ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında; hasta tanıtım formu, hastalık algısı ölçeği ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan astım yönetimi checklisti kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 20.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın yapılabilmesi için ilgili Üniversitesinin Etik Kurulu’ndan etik onay, ilgili hastanenin yönetiminden gerekli yazılı izin ve araştırmaya dahil olan hastalardan yazılı ve sözlü bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 45.15+14.56 ve astım tanı yılı ortalaması 7.73+7.56 olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların ifadelerine göre astım kontrol düzeyleri düşük bulunmuştur. Yaş ile hastalık algısı ölçeği alt boyutlarında sonuçlar, duygusal temsiller ve risk faktörleri arasında pozitif korelasyon, kişisel kontrol ve tedavi kontrolü alt boyutu arasında negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Hastaların yaşı ile astıma bağlı günlük aktivitede kısıtlılık yaşama arasında negatif yönde, kurtarıcı ilaç kullanımı arasında pozitif yönde fark bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan hastaların hastalık algıları toplam ve alt boyut puan ortalamaları yüksek ve astım yönetim düzeyleri düşük bulunmuştur. Astım hastalarının astım yönetim düzeylerini artırmak için hastaların takip ve tedavi süreçlerinde hastalık algılarının değerlendirilmesi ve sosyokültürel özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak anemnez alınması önerilmektedir.
Diyabetik ayak ülseri riskinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan teknolojiler
Authors: GÜNBAŞ Merve , BÜYÜKKAYA BESEN Dilek , DERVİŞOĞLU Merve
Published: April 2023

Diyabetik ayak ülserleri diyabetin en ciddi komplikasyonlarından biridir. Diyabetik ayak ülseri gelişen kişilerin yaklaşık yarısında ilk bir yıl içinde tekrar ülser geliştiği bildirilmiştir. Diyabetik ayak ülserlerini önlemek, erken fark etmek ve iyileşme sürecini hızlandırmak için çeşitli sağlık teknolojileri geliştirilmiştir. Bu derlemede geliştirilmiş teknolojik sistemlerin diyabetik ayak ülserleri üzerine etkisi anlatılmıştır. Monofilamantlar ile yapılan nöropati testleri ile erken dönemde duyu kaybı tespit edilebilmektedir. Geliştirilen Lazer Doppler Flowmetre sistemiyle erken dönemde periferik arter hastalığı belirlenebilmektedir. Ayak sıcaklığında meydana gelen artışları algılayan sensör aracılığıyla meydana gelebilecek enfeksiyonlar erken dönemde fark edilebilmektedir. Plantar tabanlıklar ayaktaki ani basınç değişimlerini algılayarak eşleştirilen akıllı cihazlara uyarı gönderimi sağlamaktadır. Tele-sağlık uygulamalarıyla uzaktan glukoz takibi, ayak bakımı eğitimi, ayak kontrollerinin yapılması sağlamakta ve hastalar yakın takip edilmektedir. Tele-sağlık uygulamaları hastalar açısından uygun maliyetli ve konforlu bir yöntem olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu geliştirilen teknolojiler sağlık bakım profesyonellerinin bakım ve tedavi sürecine büyük destek sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca geliştirilen bu sistemler ile hastaların erken tanı alması sağlanarak prognozun kötüleşmesinin önüne geçilmiş olacaktır.
Kronik Hepatit C enfeksiyonu olan hastaların Hepatit C virüs genotip ve viral yüklerinin değerlendirilmesi: Beş yıllık tek merkezli retrospektif çalışma
Authors: ŞİMŞEK BOZOK Tuğçe , ÇELİK Ali Kutta
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Hepatit C virüsü nedenli kronik hepatitlerin prognozunda ve tedavisinde HCV genotipleri farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada; Mersin Şehir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü’nde, kronik HCV enfeksiyonu tanısı ile takip edilen hastaların HCV genotip ve HCV-RNA değerlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Şubat 2017- Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında Mersin Şehir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü’nde kronik HCV enfeksiyonu tanısı ile takip edilen erişkin 202 hastanın yaş, cinsiyet, HCV-RNA ve genotip verileri hasta dosyaları ve hastane bilgi sistemi aracılığıyla retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. HCV-RNA değerleri Bosphore Ultra HCV Quantification Detection Kiti ile HCV genotipleri Bosphore HCV Genotyping Kit v3 ile tespit edildi. Bulgular: Beş yıllık dönemde kronik HCV enfeksiyonu tanısı ile takip edilen erişkin 202 hastanın 60’ı (%29.7) kadın, 142’si (%70.3) erkekti. Yaş ortalaması 44.6±18.3 yıldı. Hastaların 65’inde (%32.1) genotip 1b, 53’ünde (%26.2) genotip 1a, 41’inde (%20.3) genotip 3, 24’ünde (%11.9) genotip 4, 11’inde (%5.4) genotip 2, 2’sinde (%1) genotip 5, 2’sinde (%1) genotip 3-4, 2’sinde (%1) genotip 1b-4, 1’inde (%0.5) genotip 2-3, 1’inde (%0.5) genotip 3-4 birlikteliği tespit edildi. 25 (%12.4) yabancı uyruklu hastada genotip 4 anlamlı derecede daha fazla tespit edildi (p<0.001). Ortanca HCV-RNA değeri 167.650 IU/ml (aralık: 105-19.526.197 IU/ml)’ydi. Genotipler arasında HCV-RNA düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Kadınlarda genotip 1b anlamlı olarak daha fazla saptandı (p<0.05). Genotip 1’i olan hastaların yaş ortalaması diğer genotiplere göre daha yüksekti (48.5 yıl/39.4 yıl, p=0.003). Sonuç: Bölgemizde yabancı uyruklu hasta popülasyonunun son yıllarda artması nedeniyle, bölgemizde daha az görülen genotipler ve mikst tip HCV enfeksiyonlarında artış olması dikkat çekmektedir. HCV genotiplerinin belirlenmesinin, kronik HCV enfeksiyonlarının seyrinde ve tedavisinde yol göstermesi ayrıca bölgedeki HCV epidemiyolojisindeki değişiklikleri göstermesi açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Fonksiyonel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisinde rutin histopatolojik inceleme gerekli midir?
Authors: GÜR Harun , VAYISOĞLU Yusuf , ÖZCAN Cengiz , İSMİ Onur , BAL Kemal Koray , BOZDOĞAN ARPACI Rabia , ÜNAL Murat , GÖRÜR Kemal
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amacımız fonksiyonel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisi yapılırken elde edilen doku örneklerinin rutin histopatolojik incelemelerinin gereksinimi tartışmaktır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma için 2019 ve 2022 yılları arasında Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kulak Burun Boğaz Anabilim Dalı’nda fonksiyonel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisi uygulanan 248 hastanın dosya verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Histopatolojik inceleme sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde 183 (%90.6) hastada benign, 10 (%4.9) hastada malignite potansiyeli olan ve 9 (%4.5) hastada malign hastalıklar tespit edildi. Sonuç: Bilateral paranazal sinüslerde polipleri olan ve alerji ilişkili hastalıkları olan hastalarda rutin histopatolojik inceleme gerekli olmayabilir.
Directions for improving the effectiveness of international technical assistance in Ukraine
Authors: Bezzubko B. , Bezzubko Yu.
Published: April 2023

International technical assistance (ITA) is gaining more and more importance in the international economy. International technical assistance becomes an integral element of the international economic system, a significant factor influencing its development. The article identifies factors affecting the effectiveness of international technical assistance. The external factors of influence include: adequacy of the volume and urgency of providing assistance; increasing transparency and awareness of assistance programs; conducting joint analytical work by donors; increasing the amount of assistance provided through programmatic approaches (planning, budgeting, implementation) that exist in Ukraine. Internal factors of influence include: the presence of a strategy of international technical assistance as part of the national development strategy; modernization of the state management system of ITA; improvement of the legal framework; active involvement of civil society in the planning, implementation, monitoring and control of ITA; improvement of the system of monitoring, control and evaluation of the results of implementation of ITA. It was established that the main conditions for increasing the effectiveness of ITA are: the introduction of new tools for assessing the impact of international technical assistance on the socio-economic processes taking place in the country; changes in the methodology and methods of implementation of projects and programs of ITA in accordance with the needs and limitations of the recipient; development of the potential of assistance recipients; transparency and accountability in management; interdepartmental and public-private cooperation and partnership. Increasing the effectiveness of ITA will be facilitated by: the transition to joint financing of solving urgent problems by both donors and recipients; increasing the level of responsibility of recipients for the use of received resources of ITA; constant communication between donors and assistance recipients; availability of highly qualified specialists; constant cooperation with state authorities in the country.
Trends in the spread of excessive economic inequality in the modern world and prospects for overcoming it
Authors: Kim T. , Ilin H.
Published: April 2023

The study is devoted to the problem of excessive economic inequality, which leads to lagging behind developing countries, especially the countries with lower middle and low income, to an increase in the population at the level of extreme poverty, depriving them of the opportunity to receive education, decent work, and income to ensure the quality of life. Based on the Madison Project's database of historical statistics, the authors show that since the 1820s, economic disparity between developed and developing countries has steadily increased. And since the 1960s, this inequality in the level of economic development, measured by the average GDP per capita according to the PPP, began to grow rapidly. The authors put forward assumptions about the negative impact on this trend of international economic and financial institutions, which, through cooperation with developing countries, implement liberal principles in the domestic and foreign policies of these countries. Economic liberalization was carried out by all developed countries to overcome the public financial crisis caused by excessive public spending on economic growth and social protection in the 1970s. Later, international organizations began to transfer this experience to countries with economies in transition and developing countries in the form of stabilization programs, development programs, etc. But the consequence of liberal reforms in these countries was the destruction of their economic systems, institutions, values, culture, and even the memory of the historical path which makes them weaker and more dependent. Analyzing changes in such indicators as the average GDP per capita according to the PPP of the countries of the world, the incomes of various categories of the population, the trade balance index, the index of the economic complexity of the country's exports, the authors prove that the economic inequality between the countries of the Western Branch and Western Europe (according to Maddison's classification) and all other countries at these only increases. Therefore, the implementation of the unified liberal recommendations of international organizations to improve economic mechanisms and state and social institutions in most countries of the world has devastating consequences: loss of competitiveness, technological backwardness, negative trade balance, public debt, inflation, unemployment, and the growth of excessive economic inequality. To overcome it, the countries of the world should apply certain balanced instruments of protectionist policy.
Clinical trials market: state and prospects, IT segment
Authors: Bitkova T. , Kalnitsky R.
Published: April 2023

The article provides an overview of the development of the global and Ukrainian clinical trials market and indicates that the field of clinical research is very promising and its development correlates with the development of technologies in the world, which in turn are developing quickly and successfully. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that global pharmaceuticals, applying the best clinical research methods, are able to find effective solutions in very short periods of time. The market is stable, because it refers to the protection of human health. According to forecasts, the clinical trials market will grow along with the growth of investments in it. Ukraine has a good medical base with a large infrastructure and a fairly developed IT sector, which makes it promising to open contract research organizations (CROs) in the country, in particular, those specialized in statistical analysis of research and clinical programming. A large number of CROs, including those in Ukraine, cooperate with large sponsors-corporations, which are mostly foreign ones. This helps develop the domestic economic market and provides a high level of income for employees, because the industry is highly specialized and high-tech. The authors offer a basic model of IT project dynamics, which reflects the process of its implementation and allows displaying the dynamics of various indicators (given the total number of project tasks). The object of simulation is a newly established IT firm (startup), and a typical project faced by a statistical CRO is considered. The model can be used for planning short-term or long-term activities of the firm in the field of clinical research. Since the market and the field of clinical research as a whole is developing and growing, starting one’s own CRO with statistical specialization can be considered as a promising business in Ukraine.
The use of tools of business communication culture during business negotiations
Authors: Lisenyi E. , Samoilova V.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to topical issues of business communication culture and highlighting its main components as effective tools for business negotiations. To date, the ability to negotiate and communicate without conflict is important for any employee, the purpose of the article is to analyze the main components, forms, styles of communication, based on this, certain recommendations and prevention of threats that may arise during the conversation are created. The importance of the study lies in the fact that the ability to communicate with people correctly is one of the most important factors for achieving success in business and indicates the intellectual potential of the individual. It is very important for a competent specialist to contribute to the formation of a positive social and psychological climate when conducting dialogues or negotiations. After all, only a calm, balanced, with a high level of culture of business communication leader will be able to gain respect and get along with other interlocutors. Business communication covers many factors, in particular: motivation, organization, planning, decision-making and several elements: transmission, perception, understanding. It is believed that 85% of success in any job depends on the ability to communicate with people, and the remaining percentage is experience in the field of activity. Manners, education, behavior, ability to stay in public - these are the details that people around us pay attention to in the first place, especially business partners. That is why, this paper considers all the factors that will help to understand the culture of business communication, learn how to conduct a conversation delicately, all types, features, styles and technologies of communication are considered. The article considers the requirements of language communication in a business environment and how a person behaves in relation to his opponent in his verbal and non-verbal communication, as a result of which it was found out which postures, gestures and facial expressions indicate the disinterest of the partner in the negotiations. Since conflict is one of the forms of communication, the article describes the possible causes of such situations. One of the main features of business speech is regulation or subordination to rules, these restrictions are perceived as generally accepted norms of social behavior and in order to avoid conflict, it is necessary to follow some recommendations.