bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MPEP Scorecard: A New Quantitative Approach to Measure Project's Maturity in Medco EP Indonesia
Authors: Kusumo P. T.
Published: December 2021

Oil & gas companies in Indonesia continue to struggle in executing their projects due to highly volatile oil price, lower demand and marginal field developments. Consequently, these companies need to be as prudent as possible in investing their limited resources to the selected projects in their portfolio. In order to face this challenge, MedcoEnergi developed a tool called Medco Project Excellence Process (MPEP) Scorecard to effectively measure the maturity of all of its major projects using a quantitative approach. The application of this tool can greatly help MedcoEnergi in deciding which projects to execute or which projects to hold, and therefore enabled the company to maximize its returns from its oil and gas projects portfolio. The paper presents the design of the MPEP Scorecard and how the tool is applied. The application of the tool is integrated with the gate review which is held when the project wants to proceed to its next stage. The project assurance committee which is a specialized team consist of experts from engineering, subsurface, drilling, commercial, etc., will review the projects deliverables during this gate review and the tool will allow them to assign a “score” based on their assessment and their discussion with the project team. There will be an individual score for each discipline and these scores will be used as inputs to calculate a single (overall) score that can accurately represents the project’s maturity. Currently, MPEP Scorecard has already been applied to the major capital projects in MedcoEnergi and the results have been presented to the senior management. Based on their feedbacks, it is agreed that the tool can give a much clearer picture on the project’s current condition, significantly help them in making the go/no go decision and enables them to create the most optimum investment strategy.
Company Cost Accuracy Benchmark toward Industry Practice and International Guidelines at Project Phases Gate
Authors: Indrawan E.
Published: December 2021

Research in the last decade is confirming that Oil & Gas Company consistently executes the project with an optimist cost estimate and an aggressive schedule. Cost accuracy of an Oil and Gas Company is benchmarked toward Industry Practices of Independent Project Analysis (IPA) research result and International Guideline of Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering (AACE) & Guild of Project Control (GPC). Relationship of cost accuracy versus project definition deliverables, spent in % of Facility Installed Cost and End Usage are graph presented and assessed. Company authorizes the project with minimum project definition deliverables within International Guideline with an average of 30% less cost than Industry Practices. Company cost accuracy is on average 30% wider than Industry Practice and within International Guideline. Company cost accuracy remains strongly supports Company business performance in current oil & gas business environment.
How Trauma May Magnify Risk of Involuntary and False Confessions Among Adolescents
Authors: Cleary Hayley , Guarnera Lucy , Aaron Jeffrey , Crane Megan
Published: December 2021

Empirical research on police interrogation has identified both personal and situational factors that increase criminal suspects’ vulnerability to involuntary, unreliable, or false confessions. Although trauma exposure is a widely documented phenomenon known to affect adolescents’ perceptions, judgments, and behaviors in a wide array of contexts (especially stressful contexts), trauma history remains largely unexamined by interrogation researchers and virtually ignored by the courts when analyzing a confession. This article argues that trauma may operate as an additional personal risk factor for involuntary and false confessions among adolescents by generating both additive and interactive effects beyond youths’ general, developmentally-driven vulnerabilities in police interrogations. First, we briefly review adolescent trauma symptomatology, emphasizing the heterogeneity of adolescents’ responses to trauma. Next, using Leo and Drizin’s (2010) “Three Errors” framework of police-induced false confessions, we systematically apply clinical findings to each of the three police errors—misclassification, coercion, and contamination—to outline the psychological mechanisms through which adolescents with trauma histories may be at increased risk for making involuntary or unreliable statements to police. Finally, we offer considerations for interrogation research, clinical forensic practice, police practices, and courtroom procedures that could deepen our understanding of trauma’s role in the interrogation room, improve the integrity of investigative and adjudicatory processes, and ultimately promote justice for adolescent suspects with trauma exposure.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS BUBU APUNG DENGAN LAMA PERENDAMAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN
Authors: Sitinjak Ladestam , Gaol Risma Mariva Tua Lumban , Banurea Juni Susanti
Published: December 2021

Hasil tangkapan dengan menggunakan bubu dasar masih tergolong rendah dan tidak ramah lingkungan karena dapat merusak terumbu karang. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas bubu apung serta mengetahui waktu dan lama perendaman bubu yang terbaik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode eksperimental yang didesain dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Hasil tangkapan paling banyak pada bubu apung dengan lama perendaman 6 hari yaitu sebanyak 15 ekor, jenis ikan adalah ikan baronang, ikan tanda, dan ikan jarang gigi.

Kata kunci:        bubu apung, hasil tangkapan, lama perendaman, produktivitas
Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol
Authors: Mulyati Mulyati , AB Baharuddin , Tejo Wulan R Sri
Published: December 2021

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.
Daya Gabung Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Persilangan Dialel Menggunakan Metode Griffing II
Authors: Sudharmawan Anak Agung Ketut , Listiana Baiq Erna , Rianti Sofi
Published: December 2021

Diallel crossing is a method that is widely used to determine the ability to combine each individual so that it can identify the potential elders to be used in crossbreeding programs to assemble high yielding varieties. This experiment aims to determine the combining power of dialelic crosses of several varieties of rice using the Griffing II method, carried out in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University in Nyiur Lembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, from February to July 2019. This experiment uses the method experiments carried out in the field. The materials used in this experiment were four parents, namely IPB 3S variety, Situ Patenggang variety, Inpari 32 and G11 strain and the phenotype of the cross between the four parents. The experimental results showed that the effects of general affinity and special affinity for all observed characters (plant height, number of productive tillers, number of non-productive tillers, panicle length, number of filled grain, number of empty grain and weight of 100 grains) were significantly different, except on the effect of general affinity for the number of non-productive tillers showed no significant difference. The results of the combined power analysis of the four elders were positive, so it can be said that the four elders would get good results when crossed with a number of other genotypes.
Analisis Potensi dan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Ikan (SDI) Yang Didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Teluk Awang
Authors: Amir Sadikin , Hilyana Sitti , Waspodo Saptono , Gigentika Soraya , Jefri Edwin
Published: December 2021

The Teluk Awang Fishery Port (PP) is located in Mertak Village, Central Lombok Regency, which has the potential to develop as a center of economic growth with a fishery business base. It has a good geographical location because it is protected from waves coming from the Indian Ocean. Currently the Central Government, West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government and Central Lombok Regency Government are jointly developing Awang Bay as a fishery business center by building a fishing port that can accommodate fishing vessels operating in WPPNRI 573 and 713. This study will look at fish resources ( SDI) in PP Teluk Awang uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method which actively involves all relevant parties. The results of the research show that the SDI that was landed in PP Teluk Awang during 2018-2020 as much as 3,559,483 kg was still dominated by pelagic and demersal fish, such as Cakalang fish (62.67%), Layang (10.77%), Tongkol ( 8.29%), Lemadang (6.34%), Tuna (5.42%), Baby Tuna (3.88%), Marlin (1.48%) and other fish (1.15%). The recorded fleet of ships is 27 units with a size of 8-25 Gross Tonnage (GT). The results of this study are expected to be a recommendation related to policies in managing the potential of SDI landed in PP Teluk Awang with the concept of sustainable fisheries.
Hasil Tanaman Wortel (Daucus carota L.) di Dataran Rendah pada Berbagai Ketebalan Mulsa Jerami Padi
Authors: Ilham Ogy Farenza , Jayaputra Jayaputra , Nikmatullah Aluh , Santoso Bambang Budi
Published: December 2021

Carrot is one of the vegetables that people like because it has many health benefits related to the content of B vitamins, vitamin C, and other substances, thereby increasing the need or demand, but not in line with the increase in the production of this plant. One of the efforts to increase production is through area expansion, and the lowlands are the target of its development. This study aims to determine the growth and yield of carrots grown in the lowlands by applying rice straw mulch. This research was conducted in a rice field area, in Bagek Polak Village, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara with an altitude of 26 m above sea level in July-October 2020. The field experiment with the experimental method was designed according to a Randomized Block Design with one factor, namely the thickness of rice straw mulch. (m0 = no straw mulch; m1 = 1 layer mulch thickness; m2 = 2 layers mulch thickness; m3 = 3 layers mulch thickness; m4 = 4 layers mulch thickness) was repeated four times so that there were 20 experimental units. The results showed that rice straw mulch had a significant effect on the growth and yield of carrots in the lowlands. The use of 4 layers of rice straw mulch was could increase the growth and yield of carrots by 2647.75 gr/m2 or the equivalent of 21,182 tons/ha. layer; expansion; production; vegetables; tubers
Pengaruh Penambahan Jamur Tiram (PLEUROTUS SP.) Terhadap Nilai Komposisi Kimia Dan Organoleptik Bakso Ayam Broiler
Authors: Harmayani Ria , Fajri Nefi Andriana
Published: December 2021

Experimental research aimed to determine the effect of the addition of oyster mushrooms on the chemical composition and organoleptic value of broiler chicken meatballs. The research was corried out for 4 months from July to October 2020. The making of broiler chicken meatballs and organoleptics tests was carried out at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Science UNW Mataram and chemical composition analysis was carried out at the INMT Laboratory of Mataram University. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, namely the addition of oyster mushrooms as much as 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of the weight of chicken meat and each treatment there were 5 replications. The data from the research on the chemical composition of chicken meatballs were analyzed using variant analysis and continued with the LSD test and the organoleptic values were obtained using a hedonic scale from 30 panelists who were somewhat trained as replication, then analyzed using the Friedman Test. The analysis of variance result showed that the addition of oyster mushrooms in broiler’s chicken meatball dough had a very significant effect (P >0.01) on the value of chemical composition, namely moisture, ash, fat, fiber and protein content and had a significant effect (P>0.05) organoleptic values are colour preference, taste and aceeptance of meatballs, but it has no significant effect (P< 0.05) on the preference for aroma and texture of meatballs. The formulation of addition oyster mushrooms to broiler chicken meatballs based on the chemical composition value is the addition of 10% oyster mushrooms containing the highest protein of 8.51±0.014%, when compared to the addition of mushroom addition 0%, 20% and 30% and has met Indonesian National Standard for combination meatball and can be recomended for as nutritional terapy in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the organoleptic value, the formulation of broiler chicken meatballs with the addition of oyster mushrooms as much as 30% can provide higher organoleptic (colour, taste and acceptability) when compared to the addition of 0%, 10% and 20%.
Telaah studi kandungan probiotik pada fermentasi makanan khas di pulau Jawa
Authors: Wardani Novita Kusuma , Susanti R. , Widiatningrum Talitha
Published: December 2021

The food industry is one of the commodities that always grows and develops in line with the increasing needs and demands of the market. The growth in demand for fermented foods in the market is due in part to the increased interest in healthy food and the awareness of consumers' perceptions that fermentation is a naturally beneficial process. The ferementation process is inseparable from the role of probiotic microorganisms, bioactive compounds, and micronutrients produced through microbial action. This literature review study aims to analyze the role of probiotics in the fermentation of typical foods in Java, which have the potential to act as an immune regulatory system. The results of a literature study on various kinds of fermented specialties in Java and the manufacturing process show that the microbes that play a role in food fermentation consist of mold and bacteria. These microbes have the potential as an immune regulatory system.
ANALISA SIFAT LISTRIK DAN KANDUNGAN Fe NANO PARTIKEL PASIR BESI BERBASIS PASIR BESI SUNGAI UNTUK MENGETAHUI KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI
Authors: Saprianti Nuraini , Didik Lalu A. , Zohdi Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai kandungan mineral, karakteristik sifat listrik, konstanta dielektrik pasir besi serta mengetahui kualitas air sungai Pohgading desa Pohgading kecamatan Pringgabaya kabupaten Lombok Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Sintesis nanopartikel pasir besi yang diambil dari jarak 2 meter, 4 meter, 6 meter, 8 meter, dan 10 meter disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Setiap sampel kemudian di AAS untuk mengetahui berapa persen (%)   andungan mineral pasir besi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai kandungan mineral pasir besi sungai Pohgading tersebar merata ditiap jarak pengambilan yakni 0,0172%, 0,0171%, 0,0172%, 0,0172%, 0,0172%. Pengukuran sifat listrik pasir besi sungai Pohgading menggunakan metode empat titik probe untuk menentukan resistivitas pasir besi dan plat sejajar untuk menentukan konstanta dielektrik. Resistivitas pasir besi sungai mengalami peningkatan ditiap-tiap jarak, pada jarak 2 meter sampai  jarak 10 meter diperoleh 1,1 x 103Ωm sampai 1,7 x 103Ωm. Begitupun dengan nilai konstanta dielektrik, dimana pada jarak 2meter sampai 10 meter diperoleh 1,7 x 104F sampai 3,5 x 104F. Untuk kualitas air sungai dapat diketahui melalui analisis PH, suhu, konduktivitas dan TDS air. Sebelum dicampur dengan nanopartikel pasir besi PH air, suhu air, konduktivitas air dan TDS air diperoleh sebesar 5,95, 28,5°C, 640μS/cm, dan 370 ppm. Setelah dicampurkan nilai PH meningkat ditiap-tiap jarak pengambilan, pada jarak 2 meter sampai 10 meter diperoleh sebesar 5,97 sampai 6,00. Sedangkan suhu, konduktivitas dan TDS air sungai semakin rendah.
Solidariedade como resposta ao sofrimento
Authors: Figueiroa Sergio Sánchez
Published: December 2021

O tema «Solidariedade como resposta ao sofrimento» reflete muito bem o que tem sido o acento permanente da Igreja de Santiago durante a última década. Solidariedade em todos os níveis, com, entre e desde os que sofrem, tem sido a forma concreta de tornar presente o Reino no aqui e agora. Solidariedade que é amar libertando o oprimido e o opressor...
Atitude da religiosidade popular diante da dor
Authors: Helguera Adela
Published: December 2021

Na perspectiva de Puebla, a religiosidade popular latino- americana não se reduz a manifestações de piedade — profunda e ameaçada — que caracteriza as multidões marcadas pelo batismo. É a forma cultural que o diálogo de Deus com o homem adquire em nossos povos. É o catolicismo popular (P. 444)...
KESTABILAN MODEL PETRI NET DARI SISTEM PEMBAYARAN TAGIHAN LISTRIK PT. PLN (Persero) RAYON AMBON TIMUR
Authors: Sya'diyah Zumrotus
Published: December 2021

This research develops the previous one of the electricity bill payment system in PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon East Ambon modelled by Petri Net. The previous researcher had built the Petri Net model of this payment system. In this research, we determine whether the system modelled before is stable or not. This stability will be analysed using the Lyapunov stability theory related to the Petri Net. The result shows that the electricity bill payment system modelled by Petri Net before is not stable but can be stabilized. This can be caused there is a transition which is ‘always enable’ in the modelled which is built. This research also performs a stable model of Petri Net that represents the electricity bill payment system with deleting the ‘always enable’ transition
PEWARNAAN TITIK TOTAL SUPER ANTI-AJAIB LOKAL PADA GRAF PETERSEN DIPERUMUM P(n,k) DENGAN k=1,2
Authors: Setyawan Deddy , Afni Anis Nur , Prihandini Rafiantika Megahnia , Albirri Ermita Rizki , Kristiana Arika Indah
Published: December 2021

The local antimagic total vertex labeling of graph G is a labeling that every vertices and edges label by natural number from 1 to  such that every two adjacent vertices has different weights, where is The sum of a vertex label and the labels of all edges that incident to the vertex. If the labeling start the smallest label from the vertex  then the edge  so that kind of coloring is called the local super antimagic total vertex labeling. That local super antimagic total vertex labeling induces vertex coloring of graph G where for vertex v, the weight  w(v) is the color of  v. The minimum number of colors that obtained by coloring that induces by local super antimagic total vertex labeling of G called the chromatic number of local super antimagic total vertex coloring of G, denoted by χlsat(G). In this paper, we consider the chromatic number of local super antimagic total vertex coloring of Generalized Petersen Graph P(n,k) for k=1, 2.
Tilaa toiminnalle ja tilan toimijuus
Authors: Eskelinen Teppo , Ryynänen Sanna
Published: December 2021

Artikkelissa paneudutaan aiheeseen, jonka merkitys on periaatteessa tunnistettu mutta jota on empiirisesti tutkittu vasta vähän: oman tilan merkitykseen kansalaistoimijoille ja kansalaistoiminnan muotoutumiselle. Aihetta havainnollistetaan kahden tapausesimerkin kautta, jotka ovat seurantalot sekä  maailmankauppayhdistysten (kehitysmaakauppayhdistysten) myymälät. Seurantalot ovat aatteellisten ryhmittymien kokoontumistiloikseen rakentamia taloja, joita on kutsuttu suomalaisen kansalaistoiminnan ja kansalaisyhteiskunnan peruskiviksi. Maailmankauppaliike puolestaan piti vuosikymmenten ajan yllä reilun kaupan erikoismyymälöitä ympäri Suomea. Molemmat ovat esimerkkejä kansalaistoiminnasta, jossa oman tilan merkitys on keskeinen. Artikkelissa kahta keskenään erilaista teemahaastatteluaineistoa tarkastellaan esimerkkeinä tilan merkityksen eri ulottuvuuksista kansalaistoiminnassa. Kysymme, mitä oma tila merkitsee kansalaistoimijoille ja miten se vaikuttaa kansalaistoimintaan. Analyysin aiheena on siis se, miten tila sopivin ehdoin tuottaa toimintaa sen lisäksi, että se mahdollistaa sitä. Artikkelissa pohditaan myös tilan ja toiminnan eriytymistä kahdesta näkökulmasta: tilaa ilman toimintaa (seurantalojen nykytilanne monin paikoin) ja toimintaa ilman tilaa (maailmankaupat). Tilan merkitykseen liittyvät pohdinnat kudotaan keskusteluihin kansalais- ja yhteistoiminnan pedagogisista merkityksistä sekä laajempiin yhteiskunnallisen toiminnan ja osallistumisen kysymyksiin. Analyysin perusteella esitämme, että oma tila voi tuottaa yhteisöllisyyttä, joka sekä mahdollistaa kansalaistoimintaa että on sitä laajempi asia. Varsinaiseen toimintaan liittymätön yhteisöllinen tilankäyttö ylläpitää toimintaa ja saattaa tuottaa uusia toiminnan muotoja, samoin kuin vahvistaa yhteisöllisyyttä paikallisesti (seurantalot) tai oman viiteryhmän kesken (maailmankaupat).
Tuetun keikkatyön malli osallisuutta ja toimijuutta tukemassa
Authors: Pietilä Niina
Published: December 2021

Tässä käytäntökuvauksessa kuvataan Puuttuva pala -hankkeessa kehitettyä Tuetun keikkatyön mallia. Mallin tavoitteena on luoda tuetun työllistymisen ja avoimien työmarkkinoiden välille sijoittuva työllistymisen mahdollisuus. Osatyökykyisen,työkeikalle haluavan on mahdollista saada tukea prosessin alusta alkaen kokonaistilanteensa ja esimerkiksi  vahvuuksiensa, toiveidensa ja pelkojensa pohtimiseen sekä sopivan työkeikan etsimiseen. Tarvittaessa tuki jatkuu myös työkeikan aikana ja sen jälkeen. Onnistuneen keikkatyökokemuksen myötä kokemus omasta osaamisesta, mahdollisuuksista ja johonkin kuulumisesta lisääntyy. Mallissa toimijuuden tukemisen lähtökohtana ovat yksilön tarpeet ja toiveet ilman pakottavaa toimijuutta. Samalla tavoitellaan sosiaalista kasvua ja hyvinvointia.
Ajatuksia ekoindividuaation kasvatusfilosofiasta
Authors: Pulkki Jani Matti
Published: December 2021

Tässä artikkelissa muotoilen ekoindividuaation ajatusta. Sosialisaation tavoin individuaatio, eli ihmisen ainutlaatuiseksi yksilöksi ja persoonaksi kehittyminen, kuuluu kasvatuksen perustehtäviin. Individuaation ongelmana on individualistinen, kilpailuun, omistamiseen ja hallintaan suuntautunut välineellinen orientaatio. Ihminen ymmärretään ihmiskeskeisesti sekä ihmisen ja luonnon irrallisuuden oletuksen valossa. Muusta luonnosta erillinen ja sen yläpuolella oleva ihminen on ottanut oikeudekseen luonnon pidäkkeettömän käytön ilman velvoituksen tunteita muita eliöitä kohtaan. Yksilöksi kehittyminen, individuaatio, tapahtuu ekologisesti ongelmallisissa puitteissa ja ongelmallisten subjektikäsitysten kehyksessä. Jotta ekokriiseihin voidaan löytää ratkaisuja, onkin kasvatusta ajateltava ekoindividuaatioprosessina, jonka kautta ihminen nivoutuu yksilöllisenä oliona ekosysteemien toiminnalliseksi ja elämää ylläpitäväksi osaksi. Tarkastelen ekoindividuaatiota monilajisissa yhteyksissä systeemisen psykologian, ekopsykologian, ekofenomenologian ja syväekologian valossa. Kahden erillisen eliön ja ympäristön oletuksen sijaan ekoindividuaatio lähtee yhden eliö–ympäristö-systeemin lähtökohdasta. Käsitys oikeudesta kaikkiin luonnon resursseihin (oikeutuksentunto) voi laantua, kun näemme ihmisyksilön olevan lähtökohtaisesti osa ympäristöjä ja keskinäisriippuvaisessa suhteessa näihin. Ekologisen minuuden ajatuksen ja asubjektiivisen kokemuksen avulla tarkastelen sitä, miten ihmisestä voisi kehittyä maapallon elonyhteisön yhteistyökykyinen jäsen eikä tätä vastaan taisteleva individualistinen yksilö.
Comparison of Physical Activity Levels of Individuals Using Orthosis Without Pain and Kinesiophobia with Healthy Controls and within Themselves
Authors: VOLKAN-YAZICI Melek , VAROL Fatmagül
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Using orthosis due to orthopedic problems are common in adults. Positive effects of orthoses are correcting existing deformities, preventing progression and immobilizing a weak/injured segment. However, the effect of orthosis on level of physical activity in pain-free individuals has not been investigated. This controlled trial investigated the level of physical activity of individuals without pain and kinesiophobia who use orthoses and compared the results with healthy individuals. Material and Methods: 244 participants (94 using orthoses, 150 healthy individuals) who were 18-65 years old participated in this study. Individuals who were painless according to the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and without kinesiophobia according to the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale were included in the study. Physical activity was measured with The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: The IPAQ scores showed that healthy individuals had a statistically higher level of physical activity compared to those who used orthotic devices for any part of their body (p<0.001). When the orthosis subgroups were analyzed, there was no statistically significant difference in physical activity amongst the subgroups (p=0.906, p=0.819, p=0.537). Discussion: This study shows that in addition to the clinical benefits provided by orthoses, they can lead to complications such as significant decrease in physical activity in individuals. Raising awareness that physical activity may decrease in patients using orthoses, and therefore increasing physical activity levels, should become an important part of rehabilitation.
Komparasi Agribisnis Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) Media Tanam Limbah Sabut Kelapa dan Serbuk Gergaji
Authors: Heryadi D Yadi , Sundari Ristina Siti , Agustini Rini , Hidayat Andang
Published: December 2021

The agribusiness of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) is getting interested due to an increase in demand. It has almost complete nutrients, high protein content that can substitute animal protein for vegetarians. The growth medium for oyster mushrooms commonly uses sawdust. The cocopeat waste medium is an innovation. The research descriptively compares production cost, yield, revenue, income, and feasibility throughout both mediums. Findings that the total cost of sawdust medium was higher 750,000IDR than cocopeat waste. In terms of income, sawdust medium earned 140.72%, while cocopeat waste earned 133.29%. The feasibility of sawdust waste was 2.41 while cocopeat waste was 2.33 as well. Otherwise, the cocopeat waste medium was higher 99.21IDR than sawdust waste in cost/kg yield. Net income using cocopeat waste medium was 2,739,694.50IDR, and cocopeat waste was 2,511,769.50IDR on average. Both cocopeat waste and sawdust waste medium are very feasible to be an agribusiness. The consideration is that the availability surrounds the production site, and cocopeat waste is cheaper than sawdust waste. Agribisnis jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) semakin diminati oleh karena permintaan terus meningkat. Kandungan gizinya lengkap dengan protein yang tinggi. Bahkan bagi vegetarian menjadi pengganti protein hewani. Media pertumbuhan jamur tiram biasanya menggunakan limbah serbuk gergaji. Media limbah serbuk sabut kelapa merupakan inovasi baru. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui biaya-biaya hingga kelayakan usaha agribisnis jamur tiram menggunakan media limbah serbuk sabut kelapa dan yang biasa yaitu limbah serbuk gergaji Ternyata, Biaya total setahun menggunakan media limbah serbuk sabut kelapa lebih hemat Rp750.000 dibandingkan dengan media limbah serbuk gergaji. Biaya per kilogramnya sedikit lebih mahal Rp99.21 tetapi hasil panen lebih rendah dari limbah serbuk gergaji. Jamur tiram media limbah serbuk sabut kelapa memberikan keuntungan 133.29% dan media limbah serbuk gergaji 140.72%. Jamur tiram media limbah serbuk gergaji memberikan keuntungan bersih/bulan rata-rata Rp2,739,694.50, sedangkan media limbah serbuk sabut kelapa rata-rata Rp2,511,769.50.Kedua media untuk jamur tiram sangat layak diusahakan dengan R/C ratio 2.33 dan 2.41. Pengusaha bisa mempertimbangkan media limbah serbuk sabut kelapa atau limbah serbuk gergaji tergantung ketersediaan di sekitar lokasi dengan informasi harga limbah sabut kelapa lebih murah daripada limbah serbuk gergaji.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja UMKM Kuliner di Kabupaten Jember Melalui Learning organization Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Gofur Muhammad Abdul , Sundari Sri , Kustiari Tanti
Published: December 2021

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are productive economic enterprises owned by individuals and entities as regulated in Law No. 20 of 2008. Culinary SMEs are sub-sectors of the creative economy that have great potential. The problems that exist in culinary SMEs are very many, especially HR problems that can affect performance. It is necessary to have human resources who have a leadership spirit who can later implement learning organizations to improve the performance of culinary SMEs. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of leadership and learning organization on the performance of culinary SMEs in Jember Regency, either directly or indirectly. The research employed quantitative descriptive. The research location was in Jember Regency. The number of research samples was 98 respondents. The data analysis method used path analysis. The results of the leadership analysis influence in developing a learning organization. Leadership has a role in developing the performance of culinary SMEs both directly and indirectly. Learning organization influenced the development of the performance of culinary SMEs. All of the research hypotheses were accepted. Usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) adalah kegiatan yang berisi tentang ekonomi produktif. Adapun pemiliknya adalah satu orang maupun organisasi yang tertuang dalam Undang – Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2008. UMKM kuliner merupakan subsektor ekonomi kreatif yang mempunyai potensi besar. Permasalahan yang ada pada UMKM kuliner sangat banyak terutama permasalahan SDM yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja, sehingga diperlukan SDM yang mempunyai jiwa kepemimpinan yang nantinya dapat menerapkan learning organization untuk peningkatan kinerja UMKM kuliner. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan dan learning organization pada kinerja UMKM kuliner di Kabupaten Jember baik langsung maupun tidak langsung Jenis penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Jember. Jumlah sampel penelitian 98 responden. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil analisis kepemimpinan mempunyai pengaruh dalam mengembangkan learning organization. Kepemimpinan mempunyai peran dalam mengembangkan kinerja UMKM kuliner baik secara langsung maupun tidal langsung. Learning organization mempunyai pengaruh dalam mengembangkan kinerja UMKM kuliner. Hipotesis penelitian ini diterima semua.
Antioxidant Activity of Non-Volatile Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Extract
Authors: Permadi Nandang , Julaeha Euis , Rosandi Yudi , Nurzaman Mohamad
Published: December 2021

The paper reports the antioxidant activity of a non-volatile fraction of lime processing byproducts from the lime syrup home industry. The activity was measured by spectrophotometry to obtain the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) using the 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The sample was extracted by the maceration method with n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, and ethyl-ethanol. The IC50 values of 681 ppm, 458 ppm, and 2,775 ppm were n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, and ethyl-ethanol. The experiments concluded that the ethyl-acetate extract provides the best inhibition value to scavenge free-radicals DPPH. The HPLC and mass spectroscopy were measured to find out the content and group of active compounds. The significant compounds consisted of naringin, poncirin, or neoponcirin, which are known as antioxidant substances. The result shows the potential application of the lime by-products, its volatile fraction, and the nonvolatile fraction, which is the production residue of lime peel. This work can be applied as an alternative to zero-waste lime production, which may benefit the industry and the environment.
THE SENATE IN THE CROWN LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM OF RUSSIA AND THE FORMATION OF ITS CHANCELLERY STAFF
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, Redin Dmitry A. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

The article presents the reconstruction of the original composition of the Chancellery of the Governing Senate (autumn 1711). The main source of the study was the previously unpublished “List of the Chancellery of the Governing Senate to the Clerks...”, created no later than November 27, 1711. As a working document, the “List” contains not only a nominal list of clerks-candidates for various positions in the office, but their former places of service, the size of the former salary, professional characteristics, representations of the authors of the document on the internal organization of the Chancellery and the definition of the places of service of the subdeacons. The analysis of information extracted from this source and “convoy” documents of the Senate Chancellery clarifies a number of debatable issues related to the definition of the structure of the office and its staff, sources of staffing, assessment of the clerks’ qualifications and managerial specialization; it reveals the logic of the distribution of employees by the Chancellery structural divisions. It is shown that the Chancellery’s institutions-“donors” were not only the old central administrative bodies — prikazy, but also the new ones created in the course of reforms, including those of local government (the office of the St. Petersburg province and the Town Hall (Ratusha)). Based on the study of the structure and staff, it is concluded that the Senate of the first years of its existence was focused more on control over local administrations, playing the role of not just the highest, but the central level of government, which was at that time in the stage of deep transformation.
THE PROBLEM OF ANNUAL PAYMENTS TO THE CRIMEAN KHANATE DURING THE RUSSIAN-TURKISH NEGOTIATIONS IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 18TH CENTURY
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Institute of History of the RAS, Bazarova Tatiana A.
Published: December 2021

Тhe paper considers diplomatic struggle around fixing in the Russian-Turkish agreements the refusal of annual payments to the Crimean Khan. This problem was one of the key issues in Russia’s relations with the Ottoman Empire and the Crimean Khanate during the Petrine era. The participation of Crimean diplomacy in the discussion of the problem at the Russian-Turkish peace talks remains poorly studied in Russian historiography. The Treaty of Constantinople (1700) secured the abolition of annual payments to the Crimean Khanate. However, the failure of the Prut campaign and non-fulfilment of Russian-Turkish peace agreements obligations by the tsar led to the renewal of the demand for annual payments. In 1711 and 1712, during negotiations with Russian ambassadors, the Ottomans did not insist on including to the peace treaty a clause on payments to the Crimean Khan and were content with oral promises. A difficult diplomatic struggle on the “Crimean dacha” unfolded at the peace talks in 1713, when Kaplan I Giray joined the active discussion of the problem. The clause on Crimean payments (without declaring direct obligations) was included in the text of the Adrianople (1713) and Constantinople (1720) treaties. By supporting the “khan’s claims” at the Russian-Turkish peace talks, the Sublime Porte demonstrated the readiness to protect the interests of its vassal. Peter I regarded the return of the clause about the “Crimean dacha” as a blow to Russia’s international prestige.
THE DIET SYSTEM OF THE POPULATION OF THE FOREST AND STEPPE ZONE OF EASTERN EUROPE IN THE 4TH–3RD MILLENNIA BC AND DIETARY RESOURCES: INTERPRETATION OF STABLE ISOTOPE DATA
Authors:   State Historical Museum, Shishlina Natalia I. ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the RAS, Sevastyanov Vyacheslav S. ,   Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of the RAS, Kuznetsova Olga V. ,   Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of the RAS
Published: December 2021

Reconstruction of food components by traditional archaeological methods has been successfully complemented by stable isotope analysis. Traditional archaeological materials and data of archaeozoological analysis suggest that the Meshchera population diet had many food components associated with hunting and fishing. Steppe inhabitants consumed meat and milk of domesticated animals, hunted the kulan and saiga; the analysis of vessel residue and interdental teeth space revealed importance of the plant component. Determination of the nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios in the diet system components of the Volosovo and Shagara populations inhabiting the forest belt and the Yamnaya population living in the steppe areas of Eastern Europe in 4000–3000 BC provided an opportunity to discuss the relationship between isotopic values of other diet components and specific isotopic composition of ancient humans. Our study has demonstrated that the Volosovo population actively exploited forest resources and consumed mushrooms, probably, nuts and fish in smaller quantities as evidenced by a lack of the reservoir effect in the human bones. The Shagara group was supposed to include more fish in its diet in addition to meat which led to apparent age of the humans. Elevated values of δ13С and δ15N in the Yamnaya population bone tissue were, probably, also caused by consumption of food products with an elevated δ15N value, most likely, mushrooms and nuts as well as water components. Differences in the isotopic composition of human bones can help clarify the areas of the exploited natural resources.
“NEW” REGIONAL PARADIGM AND THE DISCOURSE OF COLONIZATION
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Вranch of the RAS, Zubkov Konstantin I.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the conceptual novelties in the regional history studies, which in the 1980s led to the formation of a “new” regional paradigm in historical researches, and later, in the 1990–2000s, — the concept of “settler colonialism” as one of its applications to the study of colonization processes. A regional “turn” in historiography associated with the use of descriptions of regional situations as a model for analyzing larger levels of historical reality (including region-oriented institutionalism in economic history), as well as with changes in the thematic focus of regional history studies (environmentalism, structures of everyday life, ethnic history, history of mentality), formed — mostly on the materials of the colonized regions of the U.S. West — the paradigm of “new” regional history. In line with the criticism of the shortcomings inherent in F. J. Turner’s “frontier” concept, the “new” regionalism offers as a research paradigm a deeper and multidimensional view of the natural basis of the region and its typical everyday life structures, identifying the unique specifics of each region, structural analysis of the region’s societal composition, emphasizing the multicultural and multi-actor nature of the colonization process, the multiplicity of development strategies and the “nodal” character of social interactions. In turn, these methodological ideas formed the basis of the “settler colonialism” concept focused on the structural analysis of “societies” arising in the process of colonization, and their characteristic array of complicated socio-institutional and interethnic interactions. This allows us to characterize the “new” regionalism and its application to the analysis of the colonization phenomenon as an important stage in a more in-depth and multifaceted study of colonization problems.
Analysis of the physcial properties of particleboard from a mixture of cocoa pod peel powder and styrofoam
Authors: Jumiati Ety , Ritonga Endang Sagita , Daulay Abdul Halim
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of optimal physical properties and microstructure on particleboard samples. The percentage variations of cocoa pod peel powder mixture, styrofoam with epoxy resin adhesive were sample A (69:0:30), sample B (68:2:30), sample C (67:3:30), and sample D (66:4:30). 6:30). The materials were compressed were a hot press and a conditioning time of 14 days. sThe most optimum particleboard sample was found in sample B with values of density, moisture content, and thickness expansion, respectively 0,80 g/cm2, 7,74%, and 9,32%, and met the standards of SNI 03-2105- 2006. The surface shape of the particle board morphology in sample B shows the composition of the material with the adhesive binding optimally so that there are very few empty spaces or cavities.
 
Keywords: cocoa pod husk powder, styrofoam, particle board, epoxy resin.
The effect of nitrogen source and quantity on disease expression of Neonectria ditissima in apple
Authors: Vorster Lizelle , Butler Ruth C. , Turner Lauren , Patrick Emma , Campbell Rebecca E. , Orchard Suzanne , Walter Monika
Published: December 2021

The effects of nitrogen on the interaction between apple trees and European canker caused by Neonectria ditissima are not well understood. Previous field and laboratory studies have shown that nitrogen affects N. ditissima disease development, germination and germ-tube growth in vitro but the type of nitrogen source has not been examined in vivo. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of root-applied nitrogen from different sources on the development of European canker on inoculated potted trees. One-year-old ‘Royal Gala’ trees were planted in a low-nitrogen growth substrate and treated with a range of concentrations of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) or other nitrogen sources (Ca(NO3)2, KNO3, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, urea, YaraMila™) at equivalent molar rates of nitrogen as the highest CAN treatment. Treatments were applied during the growing season (Nov to May). The control treatment received no applied nitrogen. Bud and leaf scar wounds were inoculated at leaf fall with N. ditissima conidia. Tree growth and health, disease progression and leaf nitrogen content were monitored. The rate of nitrogen application affected tree diameter and leaf nitrogen content while the nitrogen source mainly affected tree survival, powdery mildew incidence, leaf weights, leaf nitrogen and European canker symptom expression. Trees treated with (NH4)2SO4 had the lowest survival rates and highest leaf nitrogen content. Disease expression was highest with NH4NO3 and lowest with KNO3 applications. The control plants (which received no additional nitrogen), showed the least amount of both growth and disease expression. Applications of CAN, even at the lowest rate (20 g), increased disease susceptibility. Increasing rates of CAN applications did not significantly increase disease incidence. Nitrogen concentration is an important factor in the disease development of European canker of apple. Field evaluation is recommended to further validate these results.
FÍSTULA PANCREATOPLEURAL POR PSEUDOCISTO PANCREÁTICO: RELATO DE UM CASO DE EVOLUÇÃO INCOMUM
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Camilo Teixeira Gabriela , Campanelli Costas Maurício , Emanuel Fuhro Felipe , Alves Casteletti Aline , Lopes de Lima Gabriel , Furini Ferreira Barros Esaú , Waisberg Jaques , Porto de Oliveira Pontes Edgard , Marini Menini André
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O pseudocisto pancreático pode ocorrer, em geral, por complicações da pancreatite aguda. Geralmente se desenvolve entre quatro a seis semanas após o início da pancreatite e ocorre entre 16 a 50% dos casos de pancreatite aguda e 20-40% na crônica. Em aproximadamente apenas 0,4% dos casos de pancreatite pode ocorrer comunicação com a cavidade pleural, formando uma fístula pancreatopleural, complicação rara e pouco descrita na literatura. O diagnóstico muitas vezes é difícil por conta de sua apresentação clínica atípica. Em relação ao tratamento, não existe um consenso definido. Em geral, pode-se realizar tratamento clínico. Aproximadamente 40% dos casos respondem à terapia clínica. Em casos refratários, ou com rotura de pseudocistos, opta-se pela conduta cirúrgica. Relato do caso: Nesse estudo, será relatado um caso raro de fístula pancreatopleural por um pseudocisto traumático, com tratamento cirúrgico efetivo. Conclusão: O relato em questão ilustra um caso incomum na literatura, com relevância na prática cirúrgica.
PERITONITE FECAL POR APENDICITE DE COTO
Authors:   Hospital Universitário do Oeste do Paraná, Sopchaki Fagundes Juliana , Teixeira Marques Caroline , Racki Abu-Ali Jamillah , Vinícius de Lima Bertuol Jackson , André Adame Thiago , Cezar Faria Araujo Allan ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A apendicite de coto é uma das raras complicações tardias após a apendicectomia, e que pode resultar em apendicite gangrenosa, flegmão, fístula cutânea, perfuração (principal complicação), abscesso intraabdominal e sepse, se não identificada e adequadamente tratada. Caracteriza-se pela inflamação do tecido residual do apêndice pós apendicectomia, com clínica e exames de imagem semelhantes aos da apendicite. O diagnóstico é muitas vezes retardado devido ao baixo índice de suspeita, sendo importante a sua inclusão no diagnóstico diferencial da dor abdominal em quadrante inferior direito pós-apendicectomia. Relato do caso: Relatamos um caso de paciente que apresentou apendicite de coto apendicular 14 anos após apendicectomia, evoluindo para peritonite fecal, com necessidade de peritoniostomia e múltiplas abordagens cirúrgicas. Conclusão: Ainda pouco conhecida e pouco lembrada pelos médicos, a apendicite de coto como hipótese diagnóstica em pacientes com apendicectomia prévia e que apresentam suspeita de abdome agudo e sintoma de dor em FID não deve ser prontamente excluída, uma vez que, apesar de rara, pode levar a complicações graves.