bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability assessment of an isolated hybrid microgrid using Markov modeling and Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: F. Saleem Ahmad , AlMuhaini Mohammad
Published: December 2020

The importance of conducting adequacy assessments of standalone systems with integrated renewable generation sources is growing. In this work, the focus is placed on the reliability assessment of an isolated microgrid operating on renewable energy generated by wind turbines (WTs) and photovoltaic (PV) panels. Batteries for storage were included in the model because of their crucial role in the system’s feasibility. Additional micro-gas turbines (MGTs) served as conventional backup. The sequential Monte Carlo simulation (SMCS) method was used to carry out simulations of the system, which was modeled using Markov matrices. Input data, such as wind speed, solar irradiance, and ambient air temperature, were used to simulate the power outputs of the generators. These historical data were fitted into appropriate distributions to extract corresponding parameters when simulating essential key factors necessary to produce the renewable power generation models. The adequacy model of the MGTs was obtained by employing the two-state reliability model, which was also superimposed with the generation models of WTs, PV panels, and batteries. The IEEE Roy Billinton test system (RBTS) was used for demand modelling. Common reliability indices were computed, and the system availability margins were evaluated.
The influence of understanding of reading graphs and understanding sentence on writing ability
Authors: Priyono Priyono
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to understand how much the effect of chart and sentence understanding to writing ability of private junior high school student in East Jakarta. This research used quantitative descriptive method with multiple correlation test. Based data analysis can conclude that; 1. There is significant effect between chart (X1) and sentence understanding (X2) to writing ability (X3). From regression coefficient significant result shows by score Sig = 0,001 and Fhitung = 8,374 while Ftabel = 2,79 so that the score Sig = <0,05 and Fhitung > Ftabel shows that regression is significant and means that there is a positive effect between independent variable X1(chart understanding) and X2 (sentence undertstanding) to dependent variable Y (writing ability).
The Selection of the Language in Indonesian Learning at SMK Multi Karya Medan
Authors: Simatupang Ruth Remilani , Rohmadi Muhammad , Saddhono Kundharu
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the function the code switching used by speakers at SMK Multi Karya Medan. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects in this study were the teacher and the students. The objects were the utterances of code-switching in Indonesian language learning in SMK Multi Karya Medan. Validity data technique is used triangulation of data source and informant review. Data collection is using listen and speak methods. Data analysis using the intralingual method. The result of the research showed that the function of code-switching at the time of the process of Indonesian language learning are emphasized, reprimanded, reminded, explained, asked and commanded.
Spelling errors in official letters in the Ciracas area East Jakarta
Authors: Mulyani Sri
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to describe spelling errors in the official letter in ciracas area, East Jakarta written since February ---- November 2017 while the method used in this research, that is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques by collecting six letters of service. After research on six official letters from the "Suci" Islamic Foundation, Al-Hidayah educational institutions, Adhiluhur Mahadika Foundation, Madrasah High School Mahadika, Fathurahman Mosque prosperity Council, and PT PLN in Ciracas region, resulted in erroneous spelling of Indonesian ( EBI) in total amounted to 32 findings relating to the writing of abbreviations amounted to 8 findings or 25%, the composite word writing amounted to 5 findings or 15.62%, the use of punctuation marks 9 findings or 28.12%, writing absorption element 2 findings or 6 , 25%, letter writing amounted to 4 finding or 4.12%, and word writing gamounted to 4 finding or 12.5%. From this finding, it was concluded that the bigges spelling use error in the official letter on the use punctuation is 28, 12%.
VOCABULARY MASTERY WITH STORYTELLING METHODS AND CONVENTIONALITY STRATEGIES AND REFERENCES TO STUDENTS IN THE A1 TK RAHMA CIRACAS
Authors: Sulistijani Endang
Published: December 2020

Abstract:. Teaching languages in early childhood (3-5 years of age) requires a fun method. In early childhood it is commonly referred to as The Golden Age. Stories need to be given to children considering the many benefits that can be obtained from a story. Besides giving pleasure and presenting various experiences and insights for children, stories are thought to be able to improve children's language skills. This study aims to describe the process of mastering the vocabulary of children through the method of telling stories with conventionality and reference strategies for A1 grade students at TK Rahma Ciracas. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with observation, interviews, and recording results. With conventional strategies and references, mastery of vocabulary in children is more focused and directed, so mistakes in determining their meaning can be avoided. In addition, the method of telling stories with this strategy is very effective for language teaching in early childhood.
ABSURDITY IN THE NOVEL PERBURUAN BY PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER: EXISTENTIALISM STUDY
Authors: Febriyanti Rina Husnaini , Zuriyati Zuriyati , Saifurrohman Saifurrohman
Published: December 2020

Abstract: The research aims to find absurdity aspects in the main character of the novel Perburuan that was written by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The method used was qualitative descriptive. The approach was existentialism. The research technique was done by collecting data from words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that afterwards were categorized and analysed based on   absurdity aspects. By the data analysed, it was interpreted with existentialism approach. The findings of the research study displayed the absurdity aspects as follows desperation, unbelief, unafraid of anything, cynicism, soul emptiness, pseudo hope, freedom, sentimentalism, and deadness. Keywords: Absurdity; Novel of Perburuan; Existentialism.
Kemampuan Penalaran Adaptif Melalui Model Reciprocal Teaching pada Logika Matematika dan Himpunan
Authors: Oktaviana Dwi , Haryadi Rahman
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the improvement of students’ adaptive reasoning abilities through the reciprocal teaching model. This research is experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study were first semester students of class B IKIP PGRI Pontianak with cluster random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics and inferential to test whether there was an increase in adaptive reasoning skills through the reciprocal teaching model. The results showed that the students obtained the initial test score with an average of 21,23 while the final test score with an average of 71,36. After applying the reciprocal teaching model to the students’ adaptive reasoning ability, they obtained a sig. 0,000 where sig. < 0,05 (?). Thus the reciprocal teaching model can improve students’ adaptive reasoning abilities.
Perencanaan Beton Mutu Tinggi (Kuat Tekan Besar ) dengan bahan Tambahan
Authors: . Almufid
Published: December 2020

Beton adalah element yang digunakan sebagai struktur dalam konstruksi teknik sipil yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk banyak hal. Dalam teknik sipil struktur beton digunakan untuk  bangunan pondasi, kolom, balok, plat/plat cangkang.  Beton dikategorikan mempunyai mutu tinggi jika kuat tekannya 30 Mpa. Pada tahun 1960-1970, kriterianya naik menjadi 40 Mpa. Saat ini beton dikatakan sebagai beton mutu tinggi jika kuat tekannya diatas 50 Mpa dan diatas 80 Mpa adalah beton dengan mutu sangat tinggi (supartono, 1998) pada tahun 1980an beton mutu tinggi banyak digunakan untuk bangunan tingkat, terutama untuk element struktur kolom. Didalam beton , agregat mempunyai peran penting yaitu 60% - 80% , dari volume beton, dari segi ekonomis  harga agregat lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan PC, namun agregat terlalu banyak menyebabkan pasta cemen tidak mampu menyelimuti dan mengisi atau merekatkan seluruh permukiman butiran agregat. Beberapa cara meningkatkan kinerja beton menjadi beton bermutu tinggi dan berkinerja tinggi  adalah  Mengurangi porositas beton dengan cara mengurangi air dalam adukan beton ,Menambahkan aditif mineral seperti silicafume atau abu terbang ,Menambahkan serat (beton berserat), Beton dengan pemadatan mandiri (self compacting concrete) Kata Kunci: Beton, Kuat Tekan, Beton bermutu Tinggi
STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PENGUJIAN KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN DAN KEAKURASIAN DIMENSI PADA PROSES DRY MACHINING BAJA AISI 01
Authors: Putra Riki Candra
Published: December 2020

Akhir-akhir ini proses pemesinan banyak menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan pekerja. Hal ini banyak disebabkan oleh penggunaan cairan pendingin (flood coolant) untuk mendinginkan proses pemotongan pada saat pahat memotong benda kerja.Oleh karena itu para ilmuwan saat ini berusaha untuk mengurangi dampak-dampak yang diakibatkan oleh penggunaan cairan fluida tersebut. Salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah proses Dry Machining.Proses Dry machining adalah proses yang dilakukan pada proses pemotongan logam tanpa menggunakan fluida pendingin/cutting fluid. Proses ini dapat menguntungkan karena dapat mengurangi biaya yang besar pada proses pemesinan. Akan tetapi dry machining dapat menimbulkan temperatur yang sangat tinggi pada benda kerja dan pahat sehingga menimbulkan kekasaran permukaan yang tinggi dan ketidak akurasian dimensi.Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan salah satu jenis proses pemesinan yaitu proses pembubutan, dengan menggunakan benda kerja AISI O1 pada kekerasan yang tinggi dan pahat CBN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat kekasaran permukaan yang terjadi dan keakurasian dimensi yang dicapat pada benda kerja.Hasil yang didapat dari percobaan ini yaitu didapat tingkat kekasaran permukaan yang halus dan tingkat keakurasian dan penyimpangan atau variasi dimensi hingga 0.011 mm. Manfaat yang dapat diambil dari percobaan ini adalah digunakannya dry machining sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam menentukan metode alternatif pemotongan logam yang tepat guna.
IMPLEMENTASI LOGIKA FUZZY DALAM PENENTUAN POLA PENGGUNAAN ENERGI LISTRIK PADA SUATU GEDUNG BERDASARKAN HASIL AUDIT ENERGI
Authors: Ningrum Rahma Rarah
Published: December 2020

Penggunaanenergilistriksemakinharisemakinmeningkat.Sebagianbesardarimasyarakathanyamempedulikankenyamanandalammenggunakanenergilistriktanpamemikirkankedepannya,sehinggapolapenggunaanyangborostidaksedikitterjadi.Pentingbagikitamengetahuipolapenggunaanenergilistriktanpamengabaikankenyamanandalampenggunaanenergilistrik,selainkitadapatmenghematenergi,kitajugadapatmemaksimalkanpenggunaanenergilistrik.Setelahauditenergi,dapatdilakukanperhitunganintensitaskonsumsienergilistrikuntukmenentukanpolapenggunaanenergi.Dalamhalini,polapenggunaandihitungberdasarkanfuzzifikasidenganbatasan-batasanyangtelahditentukan.Penghitunganintensitaskonsumsisertapolapenggunaan  energilistrikdilakukandenganmenggunakan softwareMatlab. KataKunci:energilistrik,auditenergi,fuzzy,matlab.
EVALUASI KUALITAS PELAYANAN PENGUJIAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DENGAN METODE SERVQUAL
Authors: Widodo Tri Widodo
Published: December 2020

Objekdaripenelitian iniadalahbagianpelayanan  PengujiankendaraanbermotordiKabupatenTangerang,bagianinibertugasuntukmemberikanpelayanankepadamasyarakatumum.Jasayangberkualitasbisaterciptabilajasatersebutbisamemuaskanpelanggan,kepuasanpelangganituditandaidenganberkurangnyakeluhanpelanggansehinggamenunjukkan kinerja perusahaan yang tinggi. Penelitianini bertujuan untukmengidentifikasisertamenganalisafaktor-faktorapasajayangmembentukkepuasanpelanggansertamemberikanmasukankepadapihakmanajemenuntukdilakukannyaperbaikan.Penggunaanservicekualitasdiharapkandapatmengetahuiapakahadakesenjanganantarakinerjayangdilakukanselamainidenganapayangdiharapkanolehparakonsumen.Kelimadimensiyangdiukuradalahtangibilty,reliabilty,responsiveness,assurance,danemphaty. 16demanded qualityini ditelitidenganmelakukankuesioner.Penyebarankuesioneryangdilakukanterhadap97respondendenganmenggunakanskalalikert.Perhitunganservqualmenunjukanadanyagapantaraharapandengankinerjaselamaini.Gapskorrata-ratayangdiperolehdari16atributpelayananpengujiankendaraanbermotoradalah-26,639.Indekskepuasanpelangganyangdiperolehsebesar61,82%.Penggunaandiagramkartesiusdigunakanuntukmemetakantiap-tiapatributyangditanyakandalammasing-masingdimensi.Didapatkanhasiladanya6atributyangberadadikuadranAyangharusmenjadiperhatianserius dari pihakmanajemen. KataKunci:ServiceQuality,AnalisaGap,IndeksKepuasanPelanggan,ImportancePerformanceAnalysis,DiagramKartesius.
DESAIN PROTOTY PE PART DENGAN 3D PRINTER MODEL FDM DIMENSION SST 1200ES
Authors: Effendi Yafid
Published: December 2020

Tingginya persaingan antar produk-produk industri menuntut dikembangkannya sistem produksi yang tepat waktu, efisien dan mampu menghasilkan produk yang berkualitas. Ketersediaan suatu produk baru dipasar ternyata merupakan faktor penentu eksistensi produk tersebut. Dengan mempercepat  waktu perealisasian konsep desain menjadi bentuk prototipe sebelum masuk dalam sistem produksi masal merupakan salah satu terobosan untuk memperkuat daya saing produk industri. Pengaplikasian teknologi printer 3D merupakan alasan untuk mereduksi c y cle tim e dalam produksi. Salah satunya pembuatan prototipe menggunakan mesin 3D Printer Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Dimension SST 1200ES. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendesain prototype part dengan 3D Printer FDM Dimension SST 1200ES. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pengoperasian mesin 3D printer FDM Dimension SST 1200ES ini sangatlah mudah karena mesin ini mempunyai software khusus untuk pengoperasiannya yaitu CatalystEX yang digunakan untuk setting prototipe yang akan dibuat sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Keuntungan membuat prototipe dengan menggunakan mesin 3D printer ini adalah hasil prototyping kuat, stabil, presisi, efisien dan biayanya murah.
Evaluation of four-dimensional ultrasound for diagnosis of female pelvic floor dysfunction and prognosis
Authors: Deng Shuhao , Zhu Yicheng , Jiang Quan , Zhang Yuan
Published: December 2020

Objective: To evaluate the value and prognosis of four-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasonography in female pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). Materials and Methods: Ninety postpartum women diagnosed with PFD in this hospital from December, 2016 to February, 2018 were selected for inclusion in this study. These women were divided into vaginal delivery and selective cesarean section groups. In addition, 45 women without PFD were selected as the control group. Four-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound was used to diagnose the difference between the pelvic floor and pelvic diaphragm before and after resting state, tension, and anal contraction. Results: BSD, bladder neck movement length, and urethral posterior horn in the vaginal delivery group were significantly higher than those measured in the cesarean section (p < 0.05). The transverse diameter, anterior and posterior diameter of the diaphragm, and the thickness of the anal muscle were significantly higher in the vaginal delivery group than measurements made in the control group. Within the selective cesarean section group, the transverse diameter, anterior and posterior diameter of the diaphragm, and the thickness of the anal muscle were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients conducting a Valsalva maneuver than in the control group. Conclusion: The use of pelvic floor ultrasonography for patients with pelvic functional disorders has a high diagnostic coincidence rate. It can clearly display the pelvic cavity of the parturient and provide critical insight into the patient’s condition, thus providing a reliable basis for patient treatment.
Giant ventral hernia immediately after vaginal twin delivery
Authors: Kim B. , Hong S.H. , Kim J.H. , Kang M.Y. , Rhee M.R. , Kim J. , Kim K.J. , Lee H.A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Giant ventral hernia immediately after vaginal twin delivery is a rare event and the management is unclear. Case presentation: A 28-year-old primiparous woman had a spontaneous vaginal preterm twin delivery at gestational age 36 weeks and 5 days, followed by a giant ventral hernia with severe pain. She had a single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy two years earlier. She was closely monitored with transfusion and pain control, and improved spontaneously without emergency surgery. Conclusion: Immediately after vaginal twin delivery, a giant ventral hernia was detected in a 28-year-old primiparous woman who had a history of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Fortunately, the hernia resolved spontaneously without the need for emergency surgery.
The effect of three-month topical testosterone gel application on semen quality in men with oligozoospermia and low serum testosterone levels
Authors: Thanaboonyawat I. , Chera-aree P. , Petyim S. , Choavaratana R. , Laokirkkiat P.
Published: December 2020

Objective: The effects of daily topical application of testosterone gel on semen characteristics in infertile men with oligozoospermia and hypogonadism were assessed. Methods: Sixteen infertile men were included in this prospective study. A daily morning application of 25 mg transdermal testosterone (T) gel was used for 3 months. Semen parameters, serum follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E) and T levels, and seminal plasma E and T levels were measured before treatment and once monthly for three months during the therapy. Results: The baseline median sperm concentration was 5.5 × 106/mL. Median sperm concentrations at the first, second and third months were 9 × 106, 8 × 10 6, and 4 × 106/mL, respectively. The sperm concentrations at the first and second months after starting therapy significantly (p < 0.001) increased compared with the baseline. However, sperm volume, pH, motility, viability and morphology were similar to baseline. Serum T significantly (p < 0.001) increased, while serum FSH significantly (p < 0.001) decreased from baseline. Seminal T and T/E ratios were raised significantly (p = 0.008 and p = 0.004, respectively) after gel application, whereas the seminal E level was not affected. Conclusions: Daily 25 mg T gel applications for oligospermic infertile men with hypogonadism increased the sperm concentration at the first and second months and raised the serum T level to the normal adult male range. Nevertheless, the sperm concentration had a decreasing trend after the third month.
Case report of successful live birth in an infertile couple with male idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism/azoospermia and atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus
Authors: Okuno K. , Kitaya K. , Kim N. , Yamaguchi K. , Matsubayashi H. , Ishikawa T.
Published: December 2020

The authors report a unique case of a successful live birth in an infertile couple both with male factor (idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, IHH/azoospermia) and female factor [atypical polypoid adenomyoma (APA) of the uterus]. According to the history of ejaculation disorder and low values of serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone concentration, an infertile man was diagnosed with IHH. Gonadotropin therapy failed to produce ejaculated spermatozoa, but microdissection testicular sperm extraction was successful for retrieval and cryopreservation of motile testicular spermatozoa. Meanwhile, in the course of infertility workup for his female partner, fluid hysteroscopy detected multiple endometrial polypoid lesions in her uterine cavity. Hysteroscopic resection and histopathologic examinations revealed that the lesions were APA. Repeated hysteroscopic and histopathologic examinations did not find any evidence of the recurrence. She underwent controlled ovarian stimulation, oocyte pickup, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection using thawed testicular spermatozoa. She had a pregnancy in the first frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycle and gave birth to a healthy baby.
Wandering spleen in a postpartum female: a case report
Authors: Han S. , Choi S. , Nah S. , Kim G.W.
Published: December 2020

Wandering spleen is a rare disease resulting from weakness or absence of the ligaments that hold the spleen in its normal position. The hormonal changes and physiologic splenomegaly that occur during pregnancy can induce ligamentous laxity of the spleen. Generally, wandering spleen is easily diagnosed because it is found in an abnormal position upon abdominal computed tomography (CT). However, wandering spleen in the left upper quadrant may be more challenging to diagnose. The treatment for wandering spleen is surgery with the goal of saving the spleen. Presented here is a case of a 34-year-old postpartum female who visited the emergency department of our hospital with severe epigastric pain. Abdominal CT revealed a whirl sign of the spleen located in the left upper quadrant without splenic infarction. She was discharged with the diagnosis of non-specific abdominal pain because her symptoms improved despite her abnormal CT findings. However, she returned to the hospital with abdominal pain after 1 week. Abdominal CT was performed and revealed splenic infarction. If diagnosis is delayed, the spleen cannot be spared due to the development of splenic infarction. Therefore, if the abdominal CT of postpartum women suggests wandering spleen (i.e., whirl sign), a surgical consultation is essential.
Elective embryo or fetal reduction for caesarean scar pregnancy combined with intrauterine pregnancy
Authors: Huang J.R. , Li X. , Peng Q.Z. , Zhang J.J. , Lin X.X. , Xie L.Q. , Wu X.H. , Zhang W.S.
Published: December 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report and discuss the use of elective embryo reduction to treat a cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) combined with intrauterine pregnancy after assisted reproduction, and its clinical outcomes. Material and Methods: Clinical data from six patients who were diagnosed with CSP combined with intrauterine pregnancy were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Four patients underwent elective embryo or fetal reduction following local injection of potassium chloride (reduction group), while the other two patients chose to continue their multiple pregnancies (observation group). Results: All patients were pregnant with multiple chorionic and amniotic fetuses after assisted reproduction. Mild placenta accreta was observed in one patient in the reduction group. In this group, hemorrhage volume during delivery was from 400 to 900 mL, and the average birth weight was 2,776 g. Placenta accreta spectrum occurred in both patients in the observation group, and they gave birth prematurely between 32 and 34 weeks. Conclusion: CSP combined with intrauterine pregnancy was treated using elective embryo or fetal reduction, which may improve maternal and fetal safety. Content: Outcomes of cesarean scar pregnancy with intrauterine pregnancy with or without elective embryo reduction.
Measuring Perceived Control: Exploratory Factor Analysis of a Perceived Control Scale Among United States Job Seekers
Authors: Boyle James
Published: December 2020

Participants were provided by Qualtrics, a commercial panel aggregator, located in the United States. Numerical data was collected from job seekers with an 8-item Likert scale developed by the German Institute for Economic Research to measure general perceived control over life. Selected items were reverse coded and summed so that higher scores reflected higher perceived control.
Data is stored privately by the researcher.
The Swiss Corona Stress Study: second pandemic wave, November 2020
Authors: de Quervain Dominique , Aerni Amanda , Amini Ehssan , Bentz Dorothée , Coynel David , Freytag Virginie , Gerhards Christiane , Papassotiropoulos Andreas , Schicktanz Nathalie , Schlitt Thomas , Zimmer Anja , Zuber Priska
Published: December 2020

The results of the third survey of the Swiss Corona Stress Study refer to the period from November 11-19, 2020, during which 11,612 people from all over Switzerland participated. Stress levels have increased significantly compared to the first survey during lockdown in April 2020. While the proportion of people reporting maximum stress levels was around 11% during the April lockdown, it rose to 20% in the second pandemic wave in November. The increase in stress was accompanied by an increase in depressive symptoms. The main drivers of psychological stress and depressive symptoms included burden due to a Covid-19-related change in work, school, or education, Covid-19-related financial losses, and fears about the future. These stressors have increased significantly, compared to the time of the April lockdown. Further factors were the fear that someone in the closest circle would become seriously ill or die from COVID-19, as well as the burden of social restrictions and burden from an increase in conflicts at home. While the proportion of respondents with moderately severe or severe (PHQ-9 ≥15) depressive symptoms was 3% before the pandemic, 9% during the April lockdown, and 12% during May, it increased to 18% in November. The risk for moderately severe or severe depressive symptoms was associated with age (with younger people showing the highest risk) and was increased in people experiencing financial losses due to the pandemic. In addition, people from the French-speaking part of Switzerland, which was most affected by the pandemic during the second wave, were at higher risk than people from the rest of Switzerland.
Problem Investasi Dana Haji
Authors: Sofanudin Aji
Published: December 2020

Problem klasik haji, yakni satu sisi tingginya animo masyarakat sementara di sisi lain ada keterbatasan kuota haji, hingga menyebabkan meningkatkan jumlah waiting list (daftar antrian jamaah haji). Setiap orang yang hendak menunaikan ibadah haji harus membayar sebagian Biaya Perjalanan Ibadah Haji (BPIH) sebesar Rp 25.000.000,- (dua puluh lima juta rupiah). Meskipun sudah membayar dua puluh lima juta rupiah, tidak otomatis jamaah haji bisa langsung berangkat akibat adanya waiting list yang panjang. Akibat fenomena ini, terkumpul dana mengendap yang cukup banyak. Selama 5 tahun terakhir jumlah dana haji meningkat hampir dua kali lipatnya. Data Kementerian Agama menyebutkan bahwa jumlah dana haji tahun 2012 sebesar 53,9 triliun, tahun 2013 sebesar 64, 5 triliun, tahun 2014 sebesar 68,5 triliun, tahun 2015 sebesar 81,6 triliun, dan tahun 2016 sebesar 90,6 triliun. Tahun 2017, dipredikisi dana haji sebesar Rp 100 triliun.
Perspectives of elderly trial participants with hypertension on modes of delivery of individual summary reports: Study within a trial protocol
Authors: De Nardi Angélica Trevisan , Santos Lucas Porto , Oliveira Nórton Luís , Pfeifer Lucinéia Orsolin , Botton Cíntia Ehlers , Umpierre Daniel
Published: December 2020

This Study Within a Trial (SWAT) is hosted by the multicenter, randomized study “Hypertension Approaches in the Elderly: a Lifestyle study” by using public and patient involvement. We aim to explore two different face-to-face formats (individual or group contexts) for delivering individual results to older participants (age ≥ 60 years old), assessing the understanding, satisfaction, and short-term psychological well-being generated by different delivery formats.
Do parent factors predict early weight gain in family therapy for anorexia nervosa? Revisiting variables in a community treatment sample
Authors: Hamadi Layla , Hurlock Tayla , Line Hannah , Holliday Joanna
Published: December 2020

Objective: It is unclear why some children and adolescents respond well to family therapy for anorexia nervosa (AN) and others do not. Previous exploratory studies have suggested that parent variables may be important in early treatment change. This study aimed to investigate if parental self-efficacy, distress tolerance and family accommodation were associated with weight gain in a community sample. As there is variability in how parental self-efficacy is measured in eating disorder research, the study also sought to answer whether the two primary questionnaires used were correlated.Method: Fifty-five patients with a diagnosis of AN and 89 parents were recruited from a community treatment service. Parents completed self-efficacy, distress tolerance and family accommodation questionnaires at assessment. Patient clinical data was collected routinely during treatment. Results: No parent variables predicted early weight change. Moreover, scores from the two commonly used measures of self-efficacy in parents did not appear to be correlated. Parents could tolerate significantly more distress in themselves than in their children.Conclusions: There remains no well-established, modifiable predictors of outcome in treatment for AN. It may be beneficial to reach a consensus on the best measure for parental self-efficacy for use in AN research.
The increasing influence of siblings in social mobility. A long-term historical view (Barcelona area, 16th-19th centuries)
Authors: Pujadas-Mora Joana-Maria , Brea-Martinez Gabriel
Published: December 2020

Parental influence over children’s status attainment has historically been argued to be key. However, the cross-sibling influence has been scarcely studied for historical periods and for steam family societies, being the most long-lasting relationship across individuals’ lives once childhood was surpassed. We investigate how intra-generational family relationships determine the social destiny of siblings taking a long-term perspective (16th and the 19th centuries) for Barcelona and its hinterland, using the unique data compiled in the Barcelona Historical Marriage Database. This region was one of the most dynamic economic area in Southern Europe. We found the emergence of the figure of first-married siblings as determinants in the status attainment of other brothers and sisters and a decline in parental influence from the 18th century onwards for all social groups, denying a sibling competing model. This influence worked differently over time depending on sex. First-born sisters with exogamous marriages had a higher influence than first-married brothers on the social mobility of the rest of siblings along the 16th and 17th century. Conversely, from the 18th century onwards, first-married brothers had a higher ascendancy than first-married sisters. Sibship size and the siblings’ marriage order did not contribute to explain these effects. These results can be interpreted in light of an increase in life expectancy of adult population and a change in the occupational structure due to an early industrialization and in affectivity in the18th century.
Pädagogik der Echtzeit? Skizze einer kritisch-reflexiven Bildung zur Autonomie mit und nach Covid-19
Authors: Frieters-Reermann Norbert
Published: December 2020

Der Beitrag lädt dazu ein, die Covid-19-Pandemie als ein epochaltypisches Schlüsselproblem im Sinne von Klafki zu verstehen und als eine Chance zu begreifen, Bildungsprozesse weltweit verstärkt als Echtzeit-Pädagogik zu gestalten, um zeitlich, sachlich und beziehungsbezogen angemessen pädagogisch reagieren zu können.
Herausforderungen und Chancen: Friedenspädagogik in Zeiten von Covid-19
Authors: Jäger Uli , Kruck Anne
Published: December 2020

Covid-19 und die individuellen, gesellschaftlichen und politischen Maßnahmen zum Umgang mit der Pandemie stellen die Friedenspädagogik vor neue strukturelle („Bildungskrise“), thematische („Friedensbedrohungen“) und methodische („Digitalisierung“) Herausforderungen. Vor dem Hintergrund ihrer langjährigen Erfahrungen muss es der Friedenspädagogik gelingen, die Attraktivität des Friedens für (junge) Menschen neu sichtbar zu machen und damit einen Beitrag zur notwendigen (Konflikt-)Transformation zu leisten.
Norbert Frieters-Reermann im Interview mit Maureen Porter: Ein Interview über die Auswirkungen von Covid-19 auf das Bildungssystem in den USA
Authors: Frieters-Reermann Norbert , Porter Maureen
Published: December 2020

Dieser Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit der Kritik linker Theoretiker (v. a. Giorgio Agamben, Byung-Chul Han) an den politischen Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der Pandemie auseinander, die in der Pandemie nur noch das Wirken einer dystopischen Biopolitik erkennen können. Ich zeige auf, wie in diesen Formen der Kritik ein Jargon der Eigentlichkeit („Ausnahmezustand“) zum Tragen kommt, der die eigene Theoriesprache bestätigt, ohne sich von empirischen Eigenheiten der Pandemie erschüttern zu lassen. Gegen diese „unkritische“ Kritik plädiere ich für mehr Nachdenklichkeit.
Impact of climate change on rice production: an empirical study in Kaski and Nawalparasi, Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Padma , Dhakal Dinesh , Gauchan Devendra , Panta Harikrishna , Mainali Ram P
Published: December 2020

This study explores the relationship between climate variables to rice production in Kaski and Nawalparasi district of Nepal. The study was conducted in the year 2016. This study captured the time series data ranging from 1995 to 2014 on rice production, temperature and rainfall of two different districts and analyzed through panel data regression. Regarding primary data collection, a total of 120 sampled households were surveyed by using simple random sampling to understand the perception of farmers to change in climatic parameters using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire and Focus Group Discussions. The secondary information was collected from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Department of Hydrology and Meteorology and Centre Bureau of Statistics. The regression model revealed that seasonal rainfall had a linear relation on rice production (p<0.05). Respondents from both districts perceived that temperature, rainfall and hailstone had increased or varied than before. The major problems faced by the farmers of the study area due to climate change were prioritized as drought, flood hailstone, extreme hot and extreme cold. This necessitates the promotion and use of climate-smart technologies for better rice adaptation to climate change.
Growth and yield performance of different open pollinated tomato genotypes in Terai region of Nepal
Authors: Gotame Tek Prasad , Shrestha Surendra Lal , Poudel Sujata , Shrestha Jiban
Published: December 2020

Tomato is one of the major vegetable crops inNepal. The productivity of tomato in Nepal is very low due to lack of high yielding, disease and pests resistant varieties.The objective of the experiement was to evaluate the  performance of open pollinated tomato genotypes. Ten open pollinated tomato genotypes were evaluated at on-station research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara in the winter seasons of 2015 and 2017, and seven tomato genotypes were evaluated at farmers’ fields of Bara and Parsa districts, Nepal in the winter seasons of 2017 and 2018.The experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results of the on-station experiments showed that HRDTOM084 produced the highest yield (29.1 t/ha in 2015 and 28.5 t/ha in 2017)  and showed consistant performance over the two seasons. It was the superior genotype in terms of yield and yield attributing traits. Tomato genotypes HRDTOM011, HRD109, HRDTOM080 and HRDTOM086 were found vigorous with a score value 5  in 1 to 5 rating scale. The results of the farmers’ field experiment showed that the tomato genotypes HRDTOM084 and HRDTOM085 were found more productive and high yielding compared to other genotypes. The highest yield was produced in HRDTOM084 with a mean of two season yield 49.85 t/ha followed by HRDTOM085 with a mean of two season yield 47.42 t/ha).These genotypes showed moderate resistance to late blight and septoria leaf spot with a score value of 2.3 in 1-5 rating scale. Therefore, HRDTOM084 and HRDTOM085 were the most productive and gave higher yield compared to others.  Hence, these two tomato genotypes can be used by tomato growers under field conditions in Terai region of Nepal.
Cerpen ‘Ahdu asy-Syaithān Karya Taufiq Al-Hakim Analisis Semiotika Naratif A.J. Greimas
Authors: Qozwaeni Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis cerpen ‘Ahdu as-Syaithan karya Taufiq al-Hakim dengan menggunakan metodologi semiotika naratif A.J. Greimas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif berdasarkan pendekatan objektif, guna menyingkap struktur  narasi dalam cerpen, baik itu struktur lahir maupun batin, melalui segmen-segmen cerita dan aktan-aktan yang ada di dalamnya. Adapun sinopsis cerpen tersebut dapat dipahami melalui hasil analisis penelitian ini sdebagaimana berikut; penelitian ini mengungkapkan struktur cerpen yang dibagi dalam tiga segmen, segmen pertama mengandung tema ‘kontrak Faustus dengan Syaithan’, kemudian segmen yang kedua mengandung tema ‘Aku menjalin kontrak dengan Syaithan’ lalu segmen yang ketiga dengan tema ‘penyesalan tokoh Aku’. Berikutnya peneliti mengungkapkan aktan utama berdasarkan aktan-aktan yang ditemukan dari tiga segmen tersebut, yaitu: sender utama dalam cerita, pembawa nilai teks adalah; ‘Kecenderungan psikis tokoh terhadap hasaratnya’, kemudian receiver utama adalah tokoh ‘Aku’ pembawa ideologi teks yang mengejar object yaitu ‘kesadaran nilai berharga dari kehidupan’, lalu proses menuju itu dihalangi oleh opposant yaitu ‘Syaithan dan hasrat diri’ pelaku atau subject yaitu tokoh ‘aku’ sedangkan helper yang membantu menuju kesadaran tersebut adalah ‘waktu’. berdasarkan analisis tersebut, peneliti menemukan struktur lahir dan batin yang dinarasikan oleh pengarang dalam teks; Struktur lahirnya menarasikan tokoh ‘Aku’ yang sedang mengalami kencenderungan psikis yang kuat terhadap hasratnya yaitu kecintaan terhadap ilmu pengetahuan, hal itu pada akhirnya membawa dia pada kesadaran nilai yang lebih berharga dalam kehidupan, selain menuruti hasratnya tersebut, bersama dengan Syaithan yang telah membantunya meraih apa yang diinginkan sekaligus menjadi penghalang menuju kesadaran tersebut, dengan menghasutnya sehingga tenggelam dalam hasrat diri sang tokoh utama. Adapun di akhir narasi, ‘waktu’ datang sebagai helper yang kemudian menyadarkannya. Sedangkan struktur batin cerita sesuai dengan konsep Greimas Semiotic Square, yakni berputar pada; optimis : pesimis :: tidak optimis :: tidak pesimis, dengan kalimat yang lebih sederhana, kompleksitas karakter yang digambarkan oleh tokoh-tokoh dalam cerita dinarasikan kembali berdasarkan  konsep semiotic square atau oposisi segi empat milik Greimas. Dengan demikian narasi struktur dalam teks dapat dipahami lebih mudah dan gamblang.
DAMPAK PUSARAN ARUS GLOBALSASI TERHADAP BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Fajri Akmal
Published: December 2020

Globalisasi yang terjadi memberikan dampak yang besar dalam kehidupan manusia. Hal ini juga tidak lepas dari perkembangan teknologi dan informasi dari negara-negara Eropa dan Amerika yang memberikan pengaruh besar bagi negara Timur Tengah. Dampak dari globalisasi di antaranya dengan kemajuan teknologi dan komunikasi antar sosial masyarkat juga mempengaruhi terhadap budaya Arab itu sendiri, dan salah satu dari budaya Arab  adalah bahasa Arab. Bahasa Arab yang merupakan indentitas dari bangsa Arab dan juga merupakan bahasa penting dalam Agama Islam. Mengalami dampak dari globalisasi yang menjadikan bahasa Arab mulai tersingkirkan dan tergerus oleh zaman.  Dampak dari globalisasi serta faktor-faktornya menjadi fokus penting dalam pembahasan yang akan dibahas dalam makalah ini. Masalah-masalah yang dihadapi oleh bahasa Arab di era yang penuh dengan kemajuan teknologi dan zaman Globalisasi ini, dimana bahasa Inggris yang menjadi bahasa internasional juga akan dibahas dalam makalah ini. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitaif dengan cara analisi diskriptif, dan kajian pustaka terhadap bahan-bahan dari jurnal ilmiah dan buku-buku yang membahasa serta mengkupas tentang globalisasi dan dampak terhadap bahasa Arab tersebut.
Implementasi Metode Sam’iyah Syafahiyah Pada Siswa Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Penguasaan Mufradat
Authors: Panigoro M Rifian , Saputera Abdur Rahman Adi
Published: December 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini berawal dari keadaan rendahnya kemampuan penguasaan Mufradat siswa kelas X MA Alkhairaat Kota Gorontalo pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Arab. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penguasaan Mufradat. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode penelitian tindakan kelas, yaitu bentuk pembelajaran yang bersifat reflektif untuk memperbaiki kondisi pembelajaran dan meningkatkan kemantapan rasional dari tindakan melaksanakan tugas dengan proses pengkajian berdaur, antara lain merencanakan, melaksanakan tindakan, mengamati, dan merefleksi tentang permasalahan rendahnya kemampuan penguasaan Mufradat siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Arab. Untuk itu direncanakan tindakan kelas dalam upaya meningkatkan penguasaan Mufradat siswa dengan penerapan metode Sam’iyah Syafahiyah. Tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam penerapan metode Sam’iyah Syafahiyah di kelas X dilakukan dengan dua cara pengamatan, yaitu 1) Pengamatan langsung yang dilakukan peneliti terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran dengan penerapan metode sam’iyah syafahiyah. 2) Pengamatan partisipasi yang dilakukan oleh guru sejawat untuk mengamati kegiatan pembelajaran 2 x 35 menit selama dua termin waktu ke sesuai tahapan-tahapan proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan penerapan metode sam’iyah syafahiyah dinyatakan berhasil dan dapat meningkatkan penguasaan Mufradat siswa kelas Pada Siswa Kelas X MA Alkhairaat Kota Gorontalo.Kata Kunci : Implementasi, Sam’iyah Syafahiyah, Mufradat
PUISI AL-KU>LI>RA KARYA NĀZIK AL-MALĀ’IKAH (Studi Analisis Semiotika Michael Riffaterre)
Authors: Rochim Noor Naila
Published: December 2020

Objek material tulisan ini adalah puisi Al-Ku>li>ra karya Nāzik Al-Malā’ikah, penyair perempuan terkenal di daerah Iraq dan objek formalnya adalah semiotika Riffaterre. Dalam teorinya, Riffaterre menjelaskan beberapa tahap dalam menentukan pemaknaan dalam puisi, yaitu pembacaan heuistik (pembacaan yang berdasarkan pada arti secara struktur gramatikal), pembacaan hermeneutik (proses pembacaan yang berdasarkan konvensi sastra), matriks, model dan hipogram. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pada pembacaan heuristik, puisi  Al-Ku>li>ra masih terdapat makna yang tersirat. Dalam pembacaan hermeneutik, menghasilkan model (kalimat kiasan inti dari puisi) yang berbunyi Ya> syabah}a al-haid}atu ma> abqait “Wahai hantu yang tak menyisakan apa-apa” dan La> syaia siwa> ah}za>nu al-maut “Tak ada sesuatupun kecuali kematian yang menyedihkan”. Model tersebut dapat menghasilkan matrik puisi yaitu tentang hakikat kematian secara pandangan filsasat. Hipogram yang mendasari puisi ini adalah hakikat kematian yang datangnya pasti kepada semua penghuni bumi.
تطوير الكتاب التعليمي للمدارس الابتدائية على أساس كتاب دروس اللغة العربية للشيخ إمام زركشي والشيخ إمام شباني
Authors: Muna Lia Aulial
Published: December 2020

AbstrakPembelajaran bahasa Arab meningkat dari hari ke hari di era sekarang dengan kebutuhan dalam pemahaman agama Islam, terutama Al-Quran. Materi pembelajaran adalah komponen inti dari sebagian besar program bahasa dan sumber terpenting pembelajaran jarak jauh. Buku teks pembelajaran ini berkaitan dengan materi pendidikan khusus di sekolah. Ini adalah sarana yang dengannya memberikan pengetahuan kepada siswa. Media ini tidak selalu ada tetapi hampir tidak ada atau disiapkan atau mungkin tidak sesuai dengan tujuan yang ditetapkan untuk tingkat pelajar bahasa Arab, terutama di tingkat dasar, karena mereka adalah pemula tetapi juga anak-anak.Kata kunci: Penyusunan, Buku Teks Pembelajaran, Sekolah Dasarملخصتزداد مهمّة تعلّم اللغة العربية يوما بعد يوم في عصرنا الحاضر، بوجود الاحتياجات في تفقه دين الإسلام خاصة القرآن الكريم لهذا العصر. تعد المواد التعليمية عنصرا رئيسيا في غالبية البرامج اللغوية وأهم المصادر في التعلم عن بعد. والكتاب التعليمي تعنيه بالمواد التعليمية الخاصة في المدرسة. وهو الوسيلة التي تقدم بوسيلتها المعرفة للتلاميذ. وهذه الوسيلة لايتاوفر وجودها دائما بل تكاد تكون معدومة أحيانا أم مهيئة بل قد لا تناسب بالأهداف المرسومة لمستوي دارس اللغة العربية خاصة في المرحلة الابتدائية، لأنهم من المبتدئين بل من الأطفال كذلك.الكلمات الرئيسة: الكتاب التعليمي، المدرسة الابتدائية، اللغة العربية
Comparison of Telecommunication Markets in Europe Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Authors: Kossecki Pavel
Published: December 2020

Common problem in valuation of telecommunication companies is finding comparable data and markets for valuation. The aim of this work was to identify comparable markets for the telecommunication market in Europe. A method for comparison of the markets based on the Multivariate Statistical Analysis was presented. The study covers twenty-two European countries. Using taxonomic measures, these countries were divided into five groups, taking into account the following variables: average monthly service cost of the fixed Internet, average cost of the mobile usage, and average cost of the fixed telephony usage. Within individual groups, the costs of telecommunications services are less diverse than in the entire population; their members can be considered comparable markets. The same method can be used for comparing markets in cases of enterprise valuations in the telecommunication sector, and also in analysis of their level of development.
Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithms for Neural Network Weight Distribution
Authors: Sahni Srishti , Aggarwal Vaibhav , Khanna Ashish , Gupta Deepak , Bhattacharyya Siddhartha
Published: December 2020

Parkinson’s Disease is a degenerative neurological disorder with unknown origins, making it impossible to be cured or even diagnosed. The following article presents a Three-Layered Perceptron Neural Network model that is trained using a variety of evolutionary as well as quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms for the classification of Parkinson's Disease. Optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization, Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm and Bat Algorithm are studied along with their quantum-inspired counter-parts in order to identify the best suited algorithm for Neural Network Weight Distribution. The results show that the quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms perform better under the given circumstances, with qABC offering the highest accuracy of about 92.3%. The presented model can be used not only for disease diagnosis but is also likely to find its applications in various other fields as well.