bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening of donors and recipients for infections prior to solid organ transplantation
Authors: Nanayakkara Deepa D. , Schaenman Joanna
Published: September 2019

Purpose of review

This review is a brief overview of current guidelines on screening donors and candidates for bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections prior to solid organ transplantation. The pretransplant period is an important time to evaluate infection exposure risk based on social history as well as to offer vaccinations.

Recent findings

One of the major changes in the past few years has been increased utilization of increased Public Health Service risk, HIV positive, and hepatitis C-positive donors. There has also been increased attention to donor and recipient risks for geographically associated infections, such as endemic fungal infections and flaviviruses.

Screening for donors and candidates prior to organ transplantation can identify and address infection risks. Diagnosing infections in a timely manner can help guide treatment and additional testing. Use of necessary prophylactic treatment in organ recipients can prevent reactivation of latent infections and improve posttransplant outcomes.
Identification of MCM8IP, an interactor of MCM8-9 and RPA1 that promotes homologous recombination and DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage
Authors: Huang Jen-Wei , Taglialatela Angelo , Acharya Ananya , Leuzzi Giuseppe , Nambiar Tarun S. , Cuella-Martin Raquel , Hayward Samuel B. , Brunette Gregory J. , Anand Roopesh , Soni Rajesh K. , Clark Nathan L. , Bernstein Kara A. , Cejka Petr , Ciccia Alberto
Published: September 2019

Homologous recombination (HR) mediates the error-free repair of DNA double-strand breaks to maintain genomic stability. HR is carried out by a complex network of DNA repair factors. Here we identify C17orf53/MCM8IP, an OB-fold containing protein that binds ssDNA, as a novel DNA repair factor involved in HR. MCM8IP-deficient cells exhibit HR defects, especially in long-tract gene conversion, occurring downstream of RAD51 loading, consistent with a role for MCM8IP in HR-dependent DNA synthesis. Moreover, loss of MCM8IP confers cellular sensitivity to crosslinking agents and PARP inhibition. Importantly, we identify a direct interaction with MCM8-9, a putative helicase complex mutated in Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, that is crucial for MCM8IP’s ability to promote resistance to DNA damaging agents. In addition to its association with MCM8-9, MCM8IP also binds directly to RPA1. We show that the interactions of MCM8IP with both MCM8-9 and RPA are required to maintain replication fork progression in response to treatment with crosslinking agents. Collectively, our work identifies MCM8IP as a key regulator of DNA damage-associated DNA synthesis during DNA recombination and replication.
JUUL and Combusted Cigarettes Comparably Impair Endothelial Function
Authors: Rao Poonam , Liu Jiangtao , Springer Matthew L.
Published: September 2019

Objectives

JUUL and earlier generation electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are promoted as being less hazardous than cigarettes. While JUUL Labs, in particular, claims that switching from smoking to vaping has beneficial impacts, the health effects of such products are not well understood. We investigated whether exposure to JUUL and previous generation e-cig aerosol impairs endothelial function comparably to cigarette smoke.

Methods

We exposed rats to aerosol from Virginia Tobacco flavor JUUL, an e-cig tank system using unflavored freebase nicotine e-liquid, Marlboro Red combustible tobacco cigarettes, or clean air for 10 cycles of 2 second inhalation over 5 minutes. Endothelial function (FMD) was measured pre- and post-exposure. Blood was collected 20 mins post-exposure for serum nicotine analysis.

Results

Aerosol/smoke from JUUL, previous generation e-cigs, and cigarettes all impaired FMD. The extent of impairment ranged from 34%-58%, although the differences between groups were insignificant. Nicotine was highest in serum from the JUUL group; for the other e-cig and cigarette groups, nicotine levels were lower and comparable to each other.

Conclusions

Aerosol from JUUL and previous generation e-cigs impairs endothelial function in rats, comparable to impairment by cigarette smoke.
Production of Hybrid Rice seeds using environment sensitive genic male sterile (EGMS) and basmati rice lines in Kenya
Authors: Nthakanio Njiruh Paul , Njau Kariuki Simon
Published: September 2019

Photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile rice (PGMS) lines IR-73827-23-76-15-7 S, IR-75589-31-27-8-33S referred to as P1 and P2, and IR-77271-42-25-4-36S, thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line referred to as T were obtained from International Rice research Institute. These lines, collectively known as environment genic male sterile lines, were sown under greenhouse growth conditions where temperatures were more than 34°C with an objective of inducing complete male gamete sterility in them. Results indicated that high temperature growth conditions induces complete male gamete sterility in both the PGMS and TGMS lines. The impact of this is that, it will be possible to produce pure basmati hybrid rice seed in the tropical regions without contamination with pure breed lines. The male sterile PGMS/TGMS were pollinated with pollen from basmati370 and 217 grown under natural conditions and some hybrid seeds were obtained. This shows that high temperature emasculated the male gametes but not female ones. The conclusion is that it is possible to induce complete male gamete sterility in PGMS and TGMS under greenhouse in tropical growth conditions, and to produce hybrid rice seeds. This makes basmati hybrid rice seed production in Kenya a viable venture.
Non-hierarchical, RhlR-regulated acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing in a cystic fibrosis isolate ofPseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Cruz Renae L. , Asfahl Kyle L. , Van den Bossche Sara , Coenye Tom , Crabbé Aurélie , Dandekar Ajai A.
Published: September 2019

The opportunistic pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosais a leading cause of airway infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.P. aeruginosaemploys several hierarchically arranged and interconnected quorum sensing (QS) regulatory circuits to produce a battery of virulence factors such as elastase, phenazines, and rhamnolipids. The QS transcription factor LasR sits atop this hierarchy, and activates the transcription of dozens of genes, including that encoding the QS regulator RhlR. Paradoxically, inactivatinglasRmutations are frequently observed in isolates from CF patients with chronicP. aeruginosainfections. In contrast, mutations inrhlRare rare. We have recently shown that in CF isolates, the QS circuitry is often “rewired” such that RhlR acts in a LasR-independent manner. To begin understanding how QS activity differs in this “rewired” background, we characterized QS activation and RhlR-regulated gene expression inP. aeruginosaE90, a LasR-null, RhlR-active chronic infection isolate. In this isolate, RhlR activates the expression of 53 genes in response to increasing cell density. The genes regulated by RhlR include several that encode virulence factors. Some, but not all, of these genes are present in the QS regulon described in the well-studied laboratory strain PAO1. We also demonstrate that E90 produces virulence factors at similar concentrations to that of PAO1. Unlike PAO1, cytotoxicity by E90 in a three-dimensional lung epithelium cell model is also RhlR-regulated. These data illuminate a “rewired” LasR-independent RhlR regulon in chronic infection isolates and suggest that RhlR may be a target for therapeutic development in chronic infections.

AUTHOR SUMMARY

Pseudomonas aeruginosais a prominent cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogen that uses quorum sensing (QS) to regulate virulence. In laboratory strains, the key QS regulator is LasR. Some isolates from patients with chronic CF infections appear to use an alternate QS circuitry in which another transcriptional regulator, RhlR, mediates QS. We show that a LasR-null CF clinical isolate engages in QS through RhlR and remains capable of inducing cell death in anin vivo-like lung epithelium cell model. Our findings support the notion that LasR-null clinical isolates can engage in RhlR QS and highlight the centrality of RhlR gene regulation in chronicP. aeruginosainfections.
Survival of self-replicating molecules under transient compartmentalization with natural selection
Authors: Laurent Gabin , Peliti Luca , Lacoste David
Published: September 2019

The problem of the emergence and survival of self-replicating molecules in origin-of-life scenarios is plagued by the error catastrophe, which is usually escaped by considering effects of compartmentalization, as in the stochastic corrector model. By addressing the problem in a simple system composed of a self-replicating molecule (a replicase) and a parasite molecule that needs the replicase for copying itself, we show that transient (rather than permanent) compartmentalization is sufficient to the task. We also exhibit a regime in which the concentrations of the two kinds of molecules undergo sustained oscillations. Our model should be relevant not only for origin-of-life scenarios but also for describing directed evolution experiments, which increasingly rely on transient compartmentalization with pooling and natural selection.
A lipid code-dependent phosphoswitch directs PIN-mediated auxin efflux in Arabidopsis development
Authors: Tan Shutang , Zhang Xixi , Kong Wei , Yang Xiao-Li , Molnár Gergely , Friml Jiří , Xue Hong-Wei
Published: September 2019

Directional intercellular transport of the phytohormone auxin mediated by PIN FORMED (PIN) efflux carriers plays essential roles in both coordinating patterning processes and integrating multiple external cues by rapidly redirecting auxin fluxes. Multilevel regulations of PIN activity under internal and external cues are complicated; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that 3’-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinase1 (PDK1), which is conserved in plants and mammals, functions as a molecular hub integrating the upstream lipid signalling and the downstream substrate activity through phosphorylation. Genetic analysis uncovers that loss-of-function Arabidopsis mutant pdk1.1 pdk1.2 exhibits a plethora of abnormalities in organogenesis and growth, due to the defective PIN-dependent auxin transport. Further cellular and biochemical analyses reveal that PDK1 phosphorylates D6 Protein Kinase to facilitate its activity towards PIN proteins. Our studies establish a lipid-dependent phosphorylation cascade connecting membrane composition-based cellular signalling with plant growth and patterning by regulating morphogenetic auxin fluxes.
Blocking Polylysines on Homemade Microarrays
Authors: Rando Oliver
Published: September 2019

Homemade microarrays are printed on polylysine-coated slides. The lysines form a positively charged surface that can bind nonspecifically to the acidic nucleic acids during hybridization, resulting in significant background fluorescence. Thus, a key step in microarray processing is blocking all of the surface lysines not associated with the oligonucleotides in the microarray spots. In this protocol, the ε-amino group of lysine is succinylated by reacting with succinic anhydride. The procedure is straightforward. Microarrays are, if necessary, rehydrated; excess liquid is removed by drying at a moderate temperature; and the succinylation reaction is performed. After the reaction is complete, the slides are washed and dried with ethanol, at which point they are ready for hybridization or they can be stored in a desiccator.
Recovery of DNA from Agarose Gels Using Glass Beads
Authors: Green Michael R. , Sambrook Joseph
Published: September 2019

This DNA recovery protocol uses glass beads and a solution of sodium iodide/sodium sulfite as a chaotropic agent to disrupt the agarose gel.
Engineering a surrogate human heteromeric α/β glycine receptor orthosteric site exploiting the structural homology and stability of acetylcholine-binding protein
Authors: Dawson Alice , Trumper Paul , de Souza Juliana Oliveira , Parker Holly , Jones Mathew J. , Hales Tim G. , Hunter William N.
Published: September 2019

Protein-engineering methods have been exploited to produce a surrogate system for the extracellular neurotransmitter-binding site of a heteromeric human ligand-gated ion channel, the glycine receptor. This approach circumvents two major issues: the inherent experimental difficulties in working with a membrane-bound ion channel and the complication that a heteromeric assembly is necessary to create a key, physiologically relevant binding site. Residues that form the orthosteric site in a highly stable ortholog, acetylcholine-binding protein, were selected for substitution. Recombinant proteins were prepared and characterized in stepwise fashion exploiting a range of biophysical techniques, including X-ray crystallography, married to the use of selected chemical probes. The decision making and development of the surrogate, which is termed a glycine-binding protein, are described, and comparisons are provided with wild-type and homomeric systems that establish features of molecular recognition in the binding site and the confidence that the system is suited for use in early-stage drug discovery targeting a heteromeric α/β glycine receptor.
Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of (E)-N′-benzylidene-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide and the disordered hemi-DMSO solvate of (E)-2-oxo-N′-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide: lattice energy and intermolecular interaction energy calculations for the former
Authors: Gomes Ligia R. , Low John Nicolson , Wardell James L. , Capelini Camiola , Câmara Vitoria R.F. , Silva Edson F. da , Carvalho Samir A.
Published: September 2019

The crystal structures of the disordered hemi-DMSO solvate of (E)-2-oxo-N′-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide, C20H18N2O6·0.5C2H6OS, and (E)-N′-benzylidene-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide, C17H12N2O3 (4: R = C6H5), are discussed. The non-hydrogen atoms in compound [4: R = (3,4,5-MeO)3C6H2)] exhibit a distinct curvature, while those in compound, (4: R = C6H5), are essential coplanar. In (4: R = C6H5), C—H...O and π–π intramolecular interactions combine to form a three-dimensional array. A three-dimensional array is also found for the hemi-DMSO solvate of [4: R = (3,4,5-MeO)3C6H2], in which the molecules of coumarin are linked by C—H...O and C—H...π interactions, and form tubes into which the DMSO molecules are cocooned. Hirshfeld surface analyses of both compounds are reported, as are the lattice energy and intermolecular interaction energy calculations of compound (4: R = C6H5).
The roots of police corruption and anti-corruption reform in South Korea
Authors: Choi Jin-Wook , Bak Jina
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the roots of police corruption, evaluate the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures, and suggest recommendations to prevent and control police corruption in South Korea.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopts a qualitative approach to identify the key causes and to assess the reform agenda of police corruption in South Korea. In doing so, it introduces a brief history and profile of the police force, explores changes in police corruption, identifies the roots of police corruption, assesses the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures and offers policy recommendations to curb corruption in the South Korean police.

Findings

This paper claims that conventional and current anti-corruption measures have not been effective in minimizing police corruption in South Korea. It identifies the scope of police work and duties without proper accountability, a code of silence in police organizations, the low ethical standards of police officers and weak punitive measures against corrupt police officers as the main causes of corruption. Strenuous reform efforts that directly target these causes are needed to reduce corruption in the South Korean police.

Originality/value

This paper will be a useful reference for readers who are interested in why corruption has not been effectively prevented and controlled in the South Korean police.
Crisis translation: considering language needs in multilingual disaster settings
Authors: O’Brien Sharon , Federici Federico Marco
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role that language translation can play in disaster prevention and management and to make the case for increased attention to language translation in crisis communication.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on literature relating to disaster management to suggest that translation is a perennial issue in crisis communication.

Findings

Although communication with multicultural and multilinguistic communities is seen as being in urgent need of attention, the authors find that the role of translation in enabling this is underestimated, if not unrecognized.

Originality/value

This paper raises awareness of the need for urgent attention to be given by scholars and practitioners to the role of translation in crisis communication.
Total rewards to enhance employees’ intention to stay: does perception of justice play any role?
Authors: Rai Alka , Ghosh Piyali , Dutta Tanusree
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how total rewards might influence intention to stay among employees of private sector banks in India. A moderated-mediation mechanism is hypothesized, in which a system of total rewards leads to intention to stay via engagement and organizational justice (OJ) moderates the linkage of total rewards with engagement.

Design/methodology/approach

Perception of employees about the constructs considered has been assessed by a survey, using a structured questionnaire. Employees of private banks located in the State of Uttar Pradesh were the population for this study. A total of 17 branches of 7 private banks were covered, and the number of valid responses was 761. Hypotheses testing has been done with SPSS PROCESS command.

Findings

Hypotheses proposing mediation (engagement as mediator between total rewards and intention to stay), moderation (OJ as moderator between total rewards and engagement) and moderated mediation have found support.

Practical implications

Results obtained direct us to infer that in addition to the amount or value of any reward, aspects of OJ, such as equity and fairness in allocation of such reward and transparency in the procedure followed, are likely to influence the effectiveness of total rewards practices in engaging employees and motivating them to stay with their present employer.

Originality/value

This study adds to total rewards literature by highlighting how a total rewards system can lead to engagement, and consequently to employees’ intention to stay. Results establish OJ as an important attribute to any total rewards package to make the latter more valuable and effective.
Effect of impeller diameter on Nusselt number in mechanically agitated vessel
Authors: Sk Ansar Ali , Kumar Pardeep , Kumar Sandeep
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to developed the effect of Nusselt number on impeller diameter in agitated vessel, which is beneficial to find out the heat transfer coefficient in the process industry. A comparison has been done between the experimental and calculated Nusselt numbers with standard deviation found to be 8.03 per cent.

Design/methodology/approach

For studying the effect of impeller diameter on Nusselt Number, the heat transfer measurements were made with three different impellers of diameter. Although the diameter of impeller, Da shows its effect in Reynolds number, an attempt has been made to find the relationship between the impeller diameter and Nusselt number. A correlation between (NNuj/N″Pra1/3 N″Rea2/3) vs Da/DT and (NNuoc/N″Pra1/3 N″Rea2/3) vs Da/Dc in which data of three fluids [1, 2 and 4 per cent carboxy methyl cellulose solution of A type (CMC-A) solutions] have been plotted.

Findings

The heat transfer data for agitated Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids have been successfully correlated by using the viscosity of the fluid evaluated at the impeller tip assuming a cylinder of diameter equal to that of impeller rotating in an infinite fluid. Data of 1, 2 and 4 per cent CMC-A, for three impeller diameters, have been correlated by equations. Using the above concepts of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers, Nusselt Numbers and Da/DT, it is also possible to correlate the available published data for other non-Newtonian fluids obtained with different impeller geometries.

Originality/value

A set up was made for studying the effect of impeller diameter, the heat transfer measurements were made with three impellers of diameter 7.5, 12.7 and 18.35 cm respectively. Although the diameter of impeller, Da shows its effect is Reynolds number, an attempt has been made to find the effect of Da/DT ratio on Nusselt number.
All work and no play? Antecedents of the leisure involvement of Taiwan expatriate managers in Mainland China
Authors: Chao Hung-Chieh , Morrison Alastair M. , Wu Bihu
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to construct and test an antecedent relationship path model for the leisure involvement of Taiwan expatriate managers working in Mainland China. A leisure temporal-spatial involvement (LTSI) was developed.

Design/methodology/approach

Burnout, perceived freedom in leisure and leisure coping strategies were proposed in the conceptual model as antecedents of leisure involvement. A questionnaire survey gathered information on the characteristics of respondents, including demographic/socio-economic details, expatriate profile and leisure activity participation. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used in this research to measure the relationships among the four scale variables (job burnout, perceived freedom in leisure, leisure coping strategies and leisure involvement).

Findings

The expatriate managers experienced high burnout levels, particularly in the form of exhaustion. Their leisure involvement was mainly influenced by perceived freedom in leisure.

Research limitations/implications

This work contributes to the research on leisure and expatriation in several ways. It is one of the first empirical studies to examine prominent leisure concepts (freedom, coping and involvement) within the milieu of expatriation. The findings provide further support to the notion of the “presumed cultural similarity paradox,” in that expatriates of Chinese ethnicity still had significant adjustment difficulties in Mainland China. The research again confirms the challenges of Mainland China as an expatriation destination.

Practical implications

The research results have significant practical value and may assist Taiwan-capital enterprises in improving expatriates’ leisure life management. The section on Managerial and policy implications outlines the implications for the actors involved.

Social implications

This work has social implications since the Taiwan expatriate managers are not effectively adjusting to their work–life environments in Guangzhou. Greater social contact between locals and these managers is recommended in the future.

Originality/value

A new scale for leisure involvement (LTSI), expressed in temporal and spatial dimensions, is developed to fit the particular situations faced by expatriates. This is also one of only a few empirical research studies to consider leisure involvement within an expatriation framework.
E-book adoption behaviors through an online sharing platform
Authors: Wang Xi , Wang Wuyu , Chai Yibo , Wang Yang , Zhang Ning
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to construct a multi-relational network for an online sharing platform in the age of the sharing economy, to identify the factors impacting users’ product adoption behavior and to predict consumers’ purchases of user-generated products on the platform.

Design/methodology/approach

The study conducted multi-relational network analyses of five different sub-networks in identifying influential factors for e-book adoption. Meanwhile, the study adopted machine learning methods with different classification algorithms and feature sets to predict users’ purchasing behaviors.

Findings

The authors found that an individual’s adoption of a product was correlated with his or her purchasing habits and collaboration with others on the online sharing platform. Through the inclusion of network features, the authors were able to build a predictive model that forecasted consumers’ purchases of user-generated e-books with reasonable accuracy.

Research limitations/implications

The interdisciplinary approach used in the study can serve as a good reference for identifying factors impacting the product adoption behavior of users in the online sharing platform, through employing different sociological and computational methods.

Practical implications

The outcome of the study has provided important managerial implications, especially for the design of social commerce platform in the age of the sharing economy.

Social implications

The authors verified the social influence impacting consumers’ product adoption behavior and shed light on the value of collaboration in the age of the sharing economy.

Originality/value

The study was the first to identify user-generated e-book adoption on an online sharing platform from a multi-relational network perspective. The idea and the approach supplied a new method of behavioral analysis in the context of a sharing economy.
Indicators to prevent university drop-out and delayed graduation: an Italian case
Authors: Bussu Anna , Detotto Claudio , Serra Laura
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Research on the association between individual characteristics of undergraduate students, drop-out and delayed graduation is still evolving. Therefore, further evidence is required. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper reports on an empirical study examining the relationship between students’ individual characteristics and delayed graduation. The analysis is based on a sample of 1,167 students who have registered on and have completed a full-time undergraduate programme in Italy. Using a Probit model, the findings document the individual, background and environmental indicators that play a role in explaining delayed graduation.

Findings

The study observes that students who commute to university perform better than those residing on campus. Other factors increasing the probability of completing the undergraduate programme on time include individual characteristics (e.g. gender and age), student background (family income, education), institutional environment (teaching and research quality) and student satisfaction. Finally, some policy implications are discussed.

Social implications

A direct policy implication of these findings is that supporting academic staff in order to enhance their performance in both research and teaching has a positive effect on the performance of the students.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the debate on the impact of institutional quality on students’ performance, aiming to address the question of balance between teaching and research orientation.
The role of readers’ literary preferences in predicting success in fiction search
Authors: Vakkari Pertti , Mikkonen Anna
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study what extent readers’ socio-demographic characteristics, literary preferences and search behavior predict success in fiction search in library catalogs.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 80 readers searched for interesting novels in four differing search tasks. Their search actions were recorded with a Morae Recorder. Pre- and post-questionnaires elicited information about their background, literary preferences and search experience. Readers’ literary preferences were grouped into four orientations by a factor analysis. Linear regression analysis was applied for predicting search success as measured by books’ interest scores.

Findings

Most literary orientations contributed to search success, but in differing search tasks. The role of result examination was greater compared to querying in contributing search success almost in each task. The proportion of variance explained in books’ interest scores varied between 5 (open-ended browsing) and 50 percent (analogy search).

Research limitations/implications

The distribution of participants was biased toward females, and the results are aggregated within search session, both reducing the variation of the phenomenon observed.

Originality/value

This study is one of the first to explore how readers’ literary preferences and searching are associated with finding interesting novels, i.e. search success, in library catalogs. The results expand and support the findings in Mikkonen and Vakkari (2017) concerning associations between reader characteristics and fiction search success.
The quantified-self archive: documenting lives through self-tracking data
Authors: Trace Ciaran B. , Zhang Yan
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to examine the ways in which self-tracking data have meaning and value in and after the life of the creator, including how such data could become part of the larger historical record, curated in an institutional archive. In doing so, the article expands upon existing shared interests among researchers working in the areas of self-tracking, human–computer interaction and archival science.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 18 people who had self-tracked for six months or more were recruited for the study. Participants completed a survey which gathered demographic data and characteristicsvis-à-vistheir self-tracking behavior. In-person semi-structured interviews were then conducted to ascertain the beliefs of the participants regarding the long-term use and value of personal quantified-self data.

Findings

The findings reveal the value that people place on self-tracking data, their thoughts on proper modes for accessing their archive once it moves from the private to the public space, and how to provide fidelity within the system such that their experiences are represented while also enabling meaning making on the part of subsequent users of the archive.

Originality/value

Today’s quantified-self data are generally embedded in systems that create a pipeline from the individual source to that of the corporate warehouse, bent on absorbing and extracting insight from a totality of big data. This article posits that new opportunities for knowing and for design can be revealed when a public interest rationale is appended to rich personalized collections of small data.
Resource orchestration in a context of organizational decline
Authors: Teixeira José Eduardo , Serra Fernando , Pinto Rosiele , Salles Luana
Published: September 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the role of resource orchestration in turnaround attempts following the organizational decline in the context of an emerging economy.

Design/methodology/approach

Multicase study of three Brazilian textile firms, following their trajectory from 1997 to 2009. We did a “historical reconstruction using the methodology” proposed by Mintzberg and McHugh (1985) to guide our data collection and analysis procedures. The methodology is geared towards the study of the evolution of organizations over a past period, wherein the researcher reconstructs the events after they have occurred, having developed them from documentary analysis and oral history.

Findings

The results indicate that resource orchestration is a critical capability for ensuring the coordinated implementation of operational and strategic actions in a turnaround. Moreover, in a context involving severe environmental jolts, the conservation of organizational slack appears to influence the effectiveness of resource orchestration and explains the different outcomes the firms in this study achieved in their turnaround attempts.

Research limitations/implications

This paper may be useful to practitioners involved in turnarounds, helping them evaluate the consequences of decisions involving the acquisition, reconfiguration, bundling and divestment of firm resources.

Practical implications

Besides contributing to the advancement of theory-informed research on decline and turnaround, this paper may be useful to practitioners involved in turnarounds, when they consider the consequences of decisions involving firm resources.

Originality/value

This paper helps advance theory-informed research on decline and turnaround in developing economies, helping address a gap in the extant literature, primarily focused on firms in developed countries.
Cultural humility in libraries
Authors: Hurley David A. , Kostelecky Sarah R. , Townsend Lori
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the idea of cultural humility, distinguish it from cultural competence and explore how it fits within librarianship.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use an interdisciplinary exploration of the concept of humility to understand what cultural humility means and how it differs from cultural competence and other approaches to intercultural communication in libraries.

Findings

Despite some reservations with the term itself, the authors find that a practice of cultural humility is more appropriate to front-line interactions in library contexts than cultural competence models.

Practical implications

Libraries looking to address issues in intercultural communication and services to multicultural populations will find an approach that may be better suited to their contexts than prevailing models of cultural competency.

Social implications

Librarians need to commit to redressing the power imbalances and other structural issues that interfere with library service, for the benefit of the patrons, the library and librarians themselves.

Originality/value

While cultural humility is increasingly being used in librarianship, there has not been a systematic exploration of the concept and how it applies to library contexts.
Impact of knowledge management on organizational performance
Authors: Payal Ruchi , Ahmed Salma , Debnath Roma Mitra
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamic relationships among the essential knowledge management (KM) constructs, i.e. strategy, enablers and processes, and to establish their links to organizational performance using a holistic integrated model.

Design/methodology/approach

The structural equation modeling approach was used in the research study. The primary data were collected from IT managers in Indian software firms.

Findings

The study successfully tested an integrated KM model in an Indian scenario. The study found that the KM strategy, enablers and processes had a significant positive relationship with the organizational performance. An appropriately designed KM strategy significantly influenced the KM enablers and KM process. KM enablers nurtured in an organization positively impacted the KM process. Furthermore, the KM process partially mediated the relationship between the KM strategy and organizational performance, and partially mediated the relationship between KM enablers and organizational performance.

Originality/value

This study is one of the few to empirically establish how the essential KM constructs of strategy, enablers and processes together impact organizational performance.
Impact of time from diagnosis to treatment on erectile function outcomes after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Schifano N. , Capogrosso P. , Pozzi E. , Ventimiglia E. , Cazzaniga W. , Matloob R. , Gandaglia G. , Dehò F. , Briganti A. , Montorsi F. , Salonia A.
Published: September 2019

Background

Concerns exist about the effect of delaying treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) regarding both oncological and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Objective

To assess the impact of time from diagnosis to RP on post‐operative erectile function (EF) outcomes.

Materials and methods

We analyzed data for 827 patients treated with RP at a single center from 2002 to 2017. The International Index of Erectile Function‐EF (IIEF‐EF) was compiled by every patient (EF recovery equal to IIEF‐EF ≥ 22). Time from diagnosis to treatment was defined as the interval between biopsy and RP. Cox regression analysis was used to test the impact of time to surgery on the probability of EF recovery. Kaplan–Meier analysis compared the cumulative incidence of EF recovery according to time from diagnosis to surgery. The impact of time to RP on EF was tested also in a sub‐cohort of patients eligible for active surveillance (AS).

Results

Overall, low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk PCa was found in 306 (37%), 422 (51%), and 99 (12%) patients. Of them, 148 (17.9%) would have been eligible for AS. A total of 152 (18%) and 22 (2.7%) patients were treated after 6 and 12 months from diagnosis. The overall probability of EF recovery was 32% (95% CI: 29–36) at 24 months. Cox regression analysis showed that time from biopsy to surgery was not associated with a different chance of EF recovery (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.97–1.05; p = 0.7). At Kaplan–Meier analysis, the cumulative incidence of EF recovery did not differ between patients treated within 6 months, from 6 to 12 months and after 12 months from diagnosis. Similar findings were obtained for patients eligible for AS.

Discussion

Patients may be reassured regarding their chance of post‐operative EF recovery in the case of a delayed surgical treatment.

Conclusions

Delaying surgery after PCa diagnosis does not affect post‐operative EF recovery outcomes regardless of oncological risk.
Retracted: Common bile duct stones with situs inversus totalis
Authors: Feng Qingbo , Liu Jun , Yao Jie
Published: September 2019

Retraction: Feng Q, Liu J, Yao J. Common bile duct stones with situs inversus totalis. ANZ J Surg. https://doi.org/10.1111/ans.15387. The above article from the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, published online on 3 September 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been withdrawn by agreement between the journal's editor‐in‐chief, Julian A. Smith, and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This action has been agreed due to an error at the publishers which caused a duplicate of the article to be published. The correct version of the article is: Feng Q, Yao J. Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic: common bile duct stones with situs inversus totalis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.14833.
Top 100 most frequently cited papers in liver cancer: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Jin Bao , Wu Xiang‐An , Du Shun‐Da
Published: September 2019

Background

Bibliometric analysis has become popular in recent years, and increasingly more articles focusing on a particular disease are being published. The present study was performed to analyse the 100 most frequently cited papers in liver cancer (LC).

Methods

We searched the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database on 14 July 2018 to identify all potential manuscripts for this study. The search terms were ‘liver cancer’ and its synonyms. Manuscripts were listed in descending order by the total citations (TCs), and the 100 most frequently cited papers were identified and analysed by topic, journal, author, year and institution.

Results

We retrieved 235 687 papers from the Web of Science database. The TC of the 100 most frequently cited papers in LC ranged from 612 to 5358. The 100 papers were published in 31 journals and came from nine countries. The University of Barcelona published the highest number of papers and had the most TC. Ten authors published more than one paper. Treatment of LC was the most widely studied topic. A significant correlation was found between the journal's 2017 impact factor and the TC (P = 0.003).

Conclusion

We assessed the landmark papers in the field of LC. These 100 most frequently cited papers reflect major advances and several hot topics in LC during the recent decades. Our study is of great value for young investigators, provides insights into the trends of LC and can guide directions for future academic research.
What is the topset of a shelf‐margin prism?
Authors: Steel Ronald J. , Olariu Cornel , Zhang Jinyu , Chen Si
Published: September 2019

The siliciclastic topset of a continental margin, or a shelf‐margin prism in subsiding nonplate‐margin deepwater basins, is the flat‐lying upper part of the margin succession; it is coeval basinwards with deepwater slope clinoforms. Topsets develop by the aggradation of repeated, cross‐shelf, shoreline regressions and transgressions, thereby hosting the shelf portion of stacked, fourth‐order stratigraphic sequences. Sediment spreading downdip and along strike during the cross‐shelf transit of the sediment delivery system, as well as process regime changes of deltas and shorefaces (regressive) and of estuaries, barrier–lagoon systems and shelf ridges (transgressive) are highly variable over short distances, so that correlation within a single stratigraphic sequence is far more difficult than correlation of the cross‐shelf maximum flooding surface boundaries. Thickness of individual regressive–transgressive, fourth‐order sequences is given by shelf accommodation, typically <10 m in embayment or on the inner shelf and up to 200 m on outer shelf. Tectonic subsidence and compaction will enhance this thickness only if rates are very high compared to shelf‐transit time. In very high subsidence rate settings, the transgressive tracts are well preserved and often thickly developed. Topset sequences in an Icehouse climate setting tend to have a high proportion and greater landward development of marine vs nonmarine deposits, compared to Greenhouse sequences, because of the importance of eustatic rise of sea level in the former. Previous numerical experiments show that even for very wide shelves and irrespective of Icehouse or Greenhouse conditions, deltas rarely take more than 10 s of ky to reach their shelf edge, suggesting that it is fourth‐order (or higher) sequences that are the fundamental ones in sequence stratigraphy.
Unified triaxiality at the crack tip subjected to plane strain condition under mixed‐mode (I + II) fracture
Authors: Kacker Ruchin , Bhadauria Shailendra Singh
Published: September 2019

The new model of stress triaxiality, subjected to plane strain condition under mixed‐mode (I + II) loading, at the yield loci of the crack tip, has been formulated using unified strength theory. It evaluates critical values of triaxiality for various convex and non‐convex failure criteria, unlike the existing model. It shows the effects of Poisson's ratio and intermediate principal stress for materials whose strength in tension and compression is either equal or unequal. Further, on this basis, the crack initiation angles are predicted for various crack inclinations and compared with those obtained from other fracture criteria. The plastic zone shapes supplement the results. Critical yield stress factor, a significant parameter at the crack tip got lowered as the difference among the three principal stresses reduced to a minimum. The crack initiation angles obtained from the model showed good agreement with those obtained from G‐, S‐, and T‐criterion.
Folic acid, but not folate, regulates different stages of neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus of adult female rats
Authors: Qiu Wansu , Gobinath Aarthi R. , Wen Yanhua , Austin Jehannine , Galea Liisa A. M.
Published: September 2019

Folate is an important regulator of hippocampal neurogenesis, and folic acid is needed prenatally to reduce the risk of neural tube defects. Both high levels of folic acid and low levels of folate can be harmful to health because low levels of folate have been linked to several diseases while high folic acid supplements can mask a vitamin B12 deficiency. Depressed patients exhibit folate deficiencies, lower levels of hippocampal neurogenesis, elevated levels of homocysteine and elevated levels of the stress hormone, cortisol, which may be inter‐related. In the present study, we were interested in whether different doses of natural folate or synthetic folic acid diets can influence neurogenesis in the hippocampus, levels of plasma homocysteine and serum corticosterone in adult female rats. Adult female Sprague‐Dawley rats underwent dietary interventions for 29 days. Animals were randomly assigned to six different dietary groups: folate deficient + succinylsulphathiazole (SST), low 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate (5‐MTHF), low 5‐MTHF + (SST), high 5‐MTHF + SST, low folic acid and high folic acid. SST was added to a subset of the 5‐MTHF diets to eliminate folic acid production in the gut. Before and after dietary treatment, blood samples were collected for corticosterone and homocysteine analysis, and brain tissue was collected for neurogenesis analysis. High folic acid and low 5‐MTHF without SST increased the number of immature neurones (doublecortin‐expressing cells) within the ventral hippocampus compared to folate deficient controls. Low 5‐MTHF without SST significantly increased the number of immature neurones compared to low and high 5‐MTHF + SST, indicating that SST interfered with elevations in neurogenesis. Low folic acid and high 5‐MTHF + SST reduced plasma homocysteine levels compared to controls, although there was no significant effect of diet on serum corticosterone levels. In addition, low folic acid and high 5‐MTHF + SST reduced the number of mature new neurones in the ventral hippocampus (bromodeoxyuridine/NeuN‐positive cells) compared to folate deficient controls. Overall, folic acid dose‐dependently influenced neurogenesis with low levels decreasing but high levels increasing neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus, suggesting that this region, which is important for regulating stress, is particularly sensitive to folic acid in diets. Furthermore, the addition of SST negated the effects of 5‐MTHF to increase neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus.
Dietary mulberry leaf powder affects growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in finishing pigs
Authors: Liu Yingying , Li Yinghui , Peng Yinglin , He Jianhua , Xiao Dingfu , Chen Chen , Li Fengna , Huang Ruilin , Yin Yulong
Published: September 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mulberry leaves as an alternative source of protein on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 180 Xiangcun Black pigs were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with six pens of six pigs per pen. The pigs were provided with a basal diet or a diet contained 3%, 6%, 9% or 12% of mulberry leaf powder during a 50‐day experiment period. The results showed that dietary mulberry leaf powder had no negative effect on growth performance in Xiangcun Black pigs, except in the 12% mulberry group, where final body weight and average daily gain decreased (p < .05) and feed to gain ratio of the pigs increased (p < .05). Dietary mulberry inclusion decreased (quadratic, p < .05) the back fat thickness, fibre mean cross‐sectional area (CSA) in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle and mRNA expression levels of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIb in LD and biceps femoris (BF) muscles, while increased (linear or quadratic, p < .05) the plasma concentration of albumin, levels of crude protein (CP), inosine monophosphate (IMP) and several amino acids in muscle tissues. When compared with the other groups, the 9% mulberry diet increased (p < .05) loin‐eye area and contents of CP and IMP in muscles, while decreased (p < .05) plasma activity of cholinesterase and concentrations of uric acid and urea. The 6% mulberry diet had the lowest fibre mean CSA and shear force and increased total fibre number of the LD muscle, when compared with the other groups. These results suggest that including mulberry in the diet at <12% is an effective feed crop to improve meat quality and the chemical composition of muscle without negatively affecting growth performance.