bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood Trauma and Current Depression Among Chinese University Students: a Moderated Mediation Model of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and Neuroticism
Authors: Chu Qianqian , Wang Xiang , Yao Rui , Fan Jie , Li Ya , Nie Fei , Wang Lifeng , Tang Qiuping
Published: October 2021

Background: Childhood trauma (CT) is considered as a highly risk factor for depression. Although the pathway of CT to depression, especially the mediating or moderating effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS) or neuroticism, have investigated by several studies, the results were inconsistent and there is a paucity of full models among these interactive factors. This study aims to examine the relationships among CT, adaptive / maladaptive CERS, neuroticism and current depression symptoms in university students.Methods: We recruited 3009 students, aged averagely 18.00 (SD = 0.772) years, from universities in Hunan province in 2019. A moderated mediation model was built to examine the relationships among CT, CERS, neuroticism and current depression using the SPSS PROCESS 3.5 macro. We conducted bootstrapping of regression estimates with 5,000 samples and 95% confidence interval.Results:Results revealed that the significant mediating effects of adaptive CERS (β = 0.0117; 95% CI: 0.0061 to 0.0181) and maladaptive CERS (β = 0.0278; 95% CI: 0.0161 to 0.0401) between CT and depression were observed, accounting for 5.690% and 13.521% of the total effect respectively. Then, moderated mediation analyses results showed that neuroticism simultaneously moderated the direct effect of CT on current depression (β = 0.035; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.009), and the indirect effects of CT on current depression through adaptive CERS (adaptive CERS – current depression: β = -0.034; 95% CI: -0.007 to -0.001) and maladaptive CERS (maladaptive CERS – current depression: β = 0.157; 95% CI: 0.017 to 0.025). However, the moderating effects of neuroticism in the indirect paths from CT to adaptive CERS (β = 0.037; 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.014) and maladaptive CERS (β = -0.001; 95% CI: -0.006 to 0.005) were not significant.Conclusions: This study provides powerful evidences through a large university students sample for the mediating role of adaptive / maladaptive CERS and the moderating role of neuroticism between CT and current depression. This manifests that cognitive emotion regulation may be a vital factor for people who suffered from CT and current depression. Furthermore, the influence of neuroticism in this process cannot be ignored.
Challenges of Providing Health Services to Cardiovascular Patients in Emergencies and Disasters in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Moslehi Shandiz , Shirazi Fahimeh Barghi
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in the world. Due to the rate of emergencies and disasters in the country, This study was conducted to investigate the challenges of providing health services to cardiovascular patients in emergencies and disasters in Iran.Methods: This conventional content analysis study was conducted in 2020. Subjects were selected from among Iranian experts using purposeful and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed by the content analysis.Results:. After analyzing the data, in the Pre-emergency Phase (lack of training on medication and nutrition, and lack of training vulnerable groups, lack of databases of cardiovascular patients, and lack of identification of patients before disasters), The Emergency Response Phase (lack of sleep and rest patterns, lack of health forces, lack of blood pressure control, lack of proper nutrition, increased medication needs, lack of mental health interventions) and the Post-emergency phase (lack of planning, lack of management of patients' mental problems). Conclusion: Developing strategies for planning, training, providing resources, and mental health during the 3 phases of emergencies management cycle for specific groups such as cardiovascular patients together with empowering these patients in the event of disasters is one of the key strategies which can be used after curbed emergences’ and disasters to reduce the rate of mortality.
Genome-scale Transcriptomic Insights Into the Gene-regulatory Network of Seed Abortion in Triploid Siraitia Grosvenorii
Authors: Wei Rongchang , Tu Dongping , Huang Xiyang , Luo Zuliang , Huang Xiaohua , Cui Nan , Xu Juan , Xiong Faqian , Yan Haifeng , Ma Xiaojun
Published: October 2021

BackgroundSiraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey, also known as Luohanguo or monk fruit, is a famous traditional Chinese medicine ingredient with important medicinal value and broad development prospects. Diploid S. grosvenorii has too many seeds. Thus, studying the molecular mechanism of seed abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii, identifying the abortion-related genes, and regulating their expression will be a new direction to obtain seedless S. grosvenorii. Herein, we examined the submicroscopic structure of triploid S. grosvenorii seeds during abortion. ResultsBy measuring the content of endogenous hormones, we found that abscisic acid (ABA) and trans-zeatin (ZR) levels were significantly downregulated at days 15 and 20 after flowering. RNA-seq of triploid seeds at different developmental stages was performed to identify the key genes regulating abortion of triploid S. grosvenorii seeds. Multiple differentially expressed genes between adjacent stages were identified; seven genes were differentially expressed across all stages. Weight gene co-expression network analysis revealed that the enhancement of monoterpene and terpene metabolic processes might lead to seed abortion by reducing substrate flow to ABA and ZR.ConclusionsThese findings provide insights into the gene-regulatory network of seed abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii from different perspectives, thereby facilitating the innovation of the breeding technology of S. grosvenorii.
Inhibitor of Lysyl Oxidase in The Optic Nerve Head Complex Imparts Partial Protection Against Injury in Experimental Glaucoma
Authors: Cordoba Carlos M , Barrera Magally , Perdomo Sandra , Franco Pedro Gabriel , Alvarez Jaidy Acosta , Dueñas Zulma Y , Avila Marcel Y
Published: October 2021

Background: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease with the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and changes in the optic nerve head (ONH). These changes are exacerbated by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: The effect of scleral and optic nerve softening with beta aminopropionitrile a lysyl oxidase inhibitor (BAPN) and stiffening with genipin, in a model of chronic increase of IOP was evaluated. Changes in optic nerve and retina were evaluated. H&E, Bielschowsky's silver staining and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) staining was performed on optic nerve, retina and scleral structures. Changes in the expression of the Ywhab, Yhwaz (prosurvival genes), C3 complement (complement C3 inflammatory marker), CPG15 (neurite growth and neural survival gene) GFAP (glial activator marker) genes was carried out in the different groups.Results: Protective effect of BAPN was evident by the preservation of the optic nerve structure, and with the conservation of the retinal structures, while deleterious changes were evident in the stiffening of ONH complex, characterized by the increase in the glia, changes in the optic nerve, and disorganization in the retina. BAPN induced a reduction in the expression of Ywhab, Yhwaz (prosurvival genes), C3 and GFAP (inflammatory and glial marker) and CPG15. Conclusions: These findings support the critical involvement of changes in the ONH stiffness in the progression of glaucoma. The control of this variable as a regulatory mechanism in the progression of neural glaucomatous damage must be considered and would be explored as a possible intervention in glaucoma management.
Case Report: Bilateral Pneumothoraces Due To Targeted Tumor Therapy With Regorafenib in a Young Woman With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rachow Tobias , Sandhaus Tim , Ernst Thomas , Schiffl Helmut , Lang Susanne M.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types, frequently metastasizing into the lungs. Treatment options have been vastly improved over the last years. With the increasing use of targeted therapies novel and rare adverse effects can be seen. In this report, we present the case of recurrent spontaneous bilateral pneumothorax due to fulminant tumor necrosis during the administration of regorafenib in a heavily pretreated patient with multiple lung metastases from colorectal cancer.
Case presentation:

A 43-year-old woman presented in our oncology department with chest pain and dyspnea. The patient was diagnosed with colorectal cancer seven years earlier and had received chemoradiation, surgery and multiple chemotherapies, before she was started on regorafenib because of progressive pulmonary metastases. Clinical examination revealed no breath sounds in the right hemithorax. The patient was tachycardic and orthopneic. Computed tomography scans demonstrated cavitation of former nodular bilateral pulmonary metastases. After drainage and resolution of the right-sided pneumothorax the patient returned eleven days later with recurrent dyspnea, chest pain and subcutaneous emphysema. Bilateral pneumothoraces were treated with chest tubes. Due to left-sided tension pneumothorax video-assisted thoracoscopy and bilateral pleurodeses were performed. Persistent air leaks with severe pain and pulmonary infiltrates led to the death of the patient.
Conclusions:

Our case illustrates the effectiveness of regorafenib in a highly pretreated patient. However, in our patient the ensuing cavitation of the multiple nodes led to recurrent pneumothoraces and associated infectious complications. Therefore, special surveillance should be implemented to detect potential transformation of solid pulmonary metastases during treatment with this multi-kinase inhibitor.
Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Identified NOTCH2 and HES1 As Potential Markers of Response to Imatinib in Desmoid Tumor (Aggressive Fibromatosis): A Phase II Trial Study
Authors: Kwon Joonha , Lee Jun Hyeong , Lee Young Han , Lee Jeeyun , Ahn Jin-Hee , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Seung Hyun , Kim Tae Il , Yun Kum-Hee , Park Young Suk , Kim Jeong Eun , Lee Kyu Sang , Choi Jung Kyoon , Kim Hyo Song
Published: October 2021

Background: Desmoid tumor, also known as aggressive fibromatosis, is well-characterized by abnormal Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Various therapeutic options, including imatinib, are available to efficiently treat desmoid tumor. However, molecular mechanism of why imatinib works remains poorly understood. Here, we describe the potential roles of NOTCH2 and HES1 in association with clinical response to imatinib as in genome and transcriptome levels. Methods: We identified all somatic mutations in coding and non-coding regions via whole genome sequencing using desmoid tumor samples. To validate the genetic interaction with expression level in desmoid-tumor condition, we utilized large-scale Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptome datasets from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) project. RNA-sequencing was performed using prospective and retrospective cohort samples to evaluate the expressional relevance with clinical response. Results: Among 20 patients, 4 (20%) had a partial response and 14 (66.7%) had stable disease, 11 of which continued for ≥1 year. With gene-wise functional analyses, we detected significant correlation between recurrent NOTCH2 noncoding mutations and clinical response to imatinib. Based on PCAWG data analyses, NOTCH2 mutations affect its expression levels particularly in the presence of CTNNB1 missense mutations. By analyzing RNA-sequencing with additional desmoid tumor samples, we found that NOTCH2 expression was significantly correlated with HES1 expression. Interestingly, NOTCH2 had no statistical power to discriminate responders and non-responders. Instead, HES1 was differentially expressed with statistical significance between responders and non-responders Conclusions: Imatinib was effective and well tolerated for advanced desmoid tumor treatment. Our results show that HES1, regulated by NOTCH2, as an indicator of sensitivity to imatinib, which provides an important therapeutic consideration for desmoid tumor. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02495519, Registered July 13, 2015- Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02495519
Impact of Conservation Agriculture and Cropping System On Soil Organic Carbon and Its Fractions in Alluvial Soils of Eastern Gangetic Plains
Authors: S Rakesh , Sinha Abhas K , Gathala Mahesh Kumar , Menzies  , Dutta Sudarshan , Dalal Ram C , Mukhopadhyay Prabir , Chowdhury Apurba K , Bhattacharya Prateek M , Poddar Parthendu
Published: October 2021

Purpose

A conservation agriculture-based sustainable intensification (CASI) practices have been proposed as a potential alternative management strategy for achieving the food, water and energy security while sustaining the soil health and climate resilience. In this study, we evaluate the performance of CASI technologies under two cropping systems on carbon (C) dynamics in the soils of recent and old alluvial nature of West Bengal in Eastern Alluvial Ganga Plains.
Methods

The on-farm field study was undertaken for four years during 2014-15 to 2018-19 with an objective of long-term setup at Coochbehar and Malda districts, West Bengal (subtropical eastern India). The two cropping systems (rice-wheat, RW and rice-maize, RM) and two tillage options (zero tillage, ZT and conventional tillage, CT) were evaluated on multi-location at farmers’ field to see the impact on soil total organic carbon (TOC) and its fractions, stratification, and stocks.
Results

About 20% higher TOC concentration was observed in the old alluvial soils (Inceptisols of Malda district) as compared to recent alluvial soils (Entisols of Coochbehar district). TOC and its fractions significantly (p<0.05) improved under RM cropping system than that under RW. The ZT system enhanced the TOC and its fractions by 16.8 and 9.8 % over CT at 0–5 and 5–10 cm respectively. All the C fractions showed strong positive correlation (r= >0.85; p < 0.01) with TOC except POC.
Conclusions

Our research indicated that ZT system increased the C turnover rate in both soil types which was found more prominent in RM system.
Lead-Zinc Mine Tailings Valorization Through Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer for Building Material: Synthesis, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: BAH ALSENY , Ramos Andrea ORTIZ , Daolun Feng , Jin jie , Bah Alhassane , Li Feihu
Published: October 2021

Using geopolymerization to value mining wastes in order to meet construction demand is a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy. Fly ash geopolymer materials have been developed to address environmental issues such as climate change caused by the emissions of CO2 from coal fly ash plants, mining, and cement industry into the atmosphere. The main objective of this study is to study the feasibility of using mine tailings to produce environmentally friendly building materials (so-called geopolymer products) with excellent mechanical strength through fly-based geopolymer technology. Fly ash (F.A.) and mine tailings (M.T.) were utilized as raw materials and gypsum (G.Y.) as additives. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at (5-10M) and sodium silicate (water glass) constituted the alkaline solution and were added separately to the mixture. The mechanical property and microstructure of the geopolymers were assessed by performing the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractions (XRD), and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR). A 24 MPa was achieved at 10M NaOH with 100% F.A. Besides, low UCS values were obtained with only M.T. as a binder. The SEM imaging analysis confirmed similar results showing that the geopolymer specimens cured with 100% of F.A. at 10M NaOH with a moderate amount of gypsum are denser than those prepared without gypsum at 5M. The findings revealed that F.A., MT, and gypsum, together with the alkali reagents, influenced the geopolymerisation process. These factors responded effectively to the microstructural performance(increasing density), resulting in increased unconfined compressive strength.
In Vitro Conservation and Genetic Stability in Vanilla planifolia Jacks.
Authors: Bautista-Aguilar José R. , Iglesias-Andreu Lourdes G. , Martínez-Castillo Jaime , Ramírez-Mosqueda Marco A. , Ortiz-García Matilde M.
Published: October 2021

Vanilla planifolia Jacks. is a species of great economic importance, since vanillin, a compound highly valued in the food and pharmaceutical industry, is extracted from its pods. This species is in the category of special protection, so it is important to take actions for its conservation and to maintain the genetic stability of the conserved germplasm. An adequate way to achieve this is through the minimal growth in vitro conservation techniques. The present work aimed to establish an in vitro conservation protocol for vanilla germplasm that allows the genetic stability of the conserved material. For the establishment of the minimal growth in vitro conservation protocol: two concentrations of basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (50% and 100%), two incubation temperatures (4 and 22 °C) and two concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) (3 and 5 mg⋅L−1) were evaluated. To evaluate the genetic stability of the germplasms used in this study (cultivated, wild, and V. insignis morphotypes) by analyzing the profiles of molecular markers SSR (simple sequence repeats) and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeats). The MS medium (100%) supplemented with 3 mg⋅L−1 of ABA and incubated at 22 °C, was the best treatment for the in vitro conservation of Vanilla spp. Compared with the control treatment, it allowed us to obtain smaller shoots (1.17 × 0.17 cm), which showed high genetic stability, given by the low percentages of polymorphism detected in morphotypes cultivated and wild (SSR 0%, ISSR 2%) and V. insignis (SSR 0%, ISSR 0%). We conclude the usefulness of the established protocol to conserve the genetic variation of the evaluated Vanilla germplasm.
Comparison of Purification Effect and Nutrient Absorption of Three Grasses on Eutrophic Water
Authors: Xu Fang , Zong Junqin , Chen Jingbo , Li Jianjian , Li Dandan , Liu Jianxiu , Xu Fang
Published: October 2021

A static experiment in greenhouse was conducted to investigate the growth of three grasses in high and medium eutrophic water and the effects of their removal on ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and compared with cattail (Typha angustifolia). The results showed that 1) the removal efficiency of NH4+-N, NO3−-N, TN, TP, and COD treated by the four plants in eutrophic water were significantly higher than that in non-plant water. With the extension of treatment time, the concentrations of NH4+-N, NO3−-N, TN, TP, and COD in the eutrophic water decreased first and then tend to be stable. 2) Cynodon dactylon ‘Tifton 85’ (C. dactylon ‘Tifton 85’), Cortaderia selloana ‘Pumila’ (C. selloana ‘Pumila’) and T. angustifolia absorbed more than 95.7% and 88.6% of TN and TP in eutrophic water, and accumulate more than 89.5% and 82.0% in plants, respectively. However, the ratio of Cortaderia selloana ‘Silver Comet’ (C. selloana ‘Silver Comet’) was significantly lower. 3) The high abilities of these three plants to purify eutrophic water may be directly related to their rapid growth. 4) The comprehensive purification ability of the four plants to eutrophic was significantly different, in the order of C. dactylon ‘Tifton 85’ > C. selloana ‘Pumila’ ≈ T. angustifolia > C. selloana ‘Silver Comet’. These results indicated that C. dactylon ‘Tifton 85’ and C. selloana ‘Pumila’ can be used as alternative plants to T. angustifolia for the purification of eutrophic water. The results of this study can provide new materials and ideas for phytoremediation.
EVALUATION OF RAINFED AGRICULTURE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AS AN APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN NORTHWESTERN COAST (NWC), EGYPT
Authors:   Soil Cons. Dept., Desert Research Center, Mataria - Cairo, Egypt., Mohamed Wassif Omnia
Published: October 2021

Sustainable development can be possible in rainfed agriculture by integrated approach of soil management measures. Soil quality in the form of a quantitative index is used as an indicator of environmental quality and sustainability. Twelve farms selected to achieve the targets of the present investigation (six farms under traditional rainfed agriculture system and six farms under rainfed with supplemental irrigation) at Northwestern Coastal Zone (NWCZ). These farms varied in land use and management practices concerning fertilization practices, tillage system, crop type and cultivated period. This study selected some soil indicators vis-Ã -vis soil physicochemical properties of the selected farms of studied areas at NWCZ. The rating of soil quality index (SQI) and relative of soil quality (RSQI) values in this study were higher towards to rainfed agriculture with supplement irrigation farms than in traditional rainfed farms. In addition, most of the values of soil quality change (âˆ†RSQI) were moderately increase (class II) and most of these farms were under traditional rainfed management. The results of cumulative rating index CRI showed a negative correlation and significant relationship with RSQI (R2=0.82, p<0.05). concerning the impacts of soil quality on productivity, the relationship between relative yield (Ry %) and RSQI was positive significant correlation (R2=0.78, p<0.05). Also, CRI showed negative significant correlation with Ry% (R2=0.81, p<0.05). Moreover, the highly soil quality class I, highly sustainability, low changes in soil quality and highly crop yield observed was in the farms under rainfed with supplemental irrigation system and good fertilization practices (NPK+organic manure). So, this study recommended to expansion rainfed with supplemental irrigation management system and add suitable dose of NPK application with manure along scientific lines to encourage crop yields that can be achieved on a sustainable basis, but it need a long time to reach class I quality and highly sustainable status.
RISK FACTORS AND CAUSES OF INFERTILITY
Authors:   PG Tutor Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, TMU Moradabad., Chand Pooja , Janjanam Renuka ,   Assistant Professor Medical Surgical Nursing TMU Moradabad.
Published: October 2021

Infertility is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy over an average period of one year (in a woman under 35 years of age) or 6 months (in a woman above 35 years of age) despite adequate, regular (3-4 times per week), unprotected sexual intercourse. There are some risk factors that may give chances for infertility like Age, diabetes, eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia, excessive use of alcohol, exposure to environmental toxins, such as lead and pesticides, over exercising etc. Infertility may be caused by a number of different factors, either in the male or female reproductive systems. So therefore it is most important to identify the cause and treat the infertility for becoming fertile to a woman.
Suporte para Diagnóstico de COVID-19 por Meio de Classificação Automática de Imagens de Raio-x e Modelos Explicáveis
Authors: Oliveira Bruno Alberto Soares , Ziviani Hugo Eduardo , Oliveira Juscelino Junior , Viegas Alan Moraes , Calvo Daniel
Published: October 2021

O combate contra a pandemia causada pela COVID-19 é atualmente um dos maiores desafios enfrentados pela humanidade. Um fator chave que tende a desacelerar a disseminação do vírus é o diagnóstico rápido e o isolamento dos pacientes infectados. Pesquisadores em todo mundo vêm buscando formas alternativas ao exame PCR-RT para o diagnóstico da doença, e o aprendizado profundo aplicado às radiografias de tórax de pacientes suspeitos tem mostrado resultados favoráveis. A falta de dados de qualidade e o elevado número de modelos enviesados tornam as soluções propostas um problema. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho apresenta um sistema de diagnóstico automático de COVID-19 por meio de imagens de raio-x, com o objetivo de auxiliar a tomada de decisão do médico. Foi feito um amplo estudo para a seleção de conjuntos de imagens de qualidade de forma que a solução não ficasse enviesada. Para a aplicação, primeiro os pulmões são segmentados pelo método U-Net para que, em seguida, a imagem seja classificada por um conjunto de modelos treinados para uma classificação binária. Por fim, os resultados são explicados de forma a auxiliar o médico em sua tomada de decisão. Os resultados obtidos com uma taxa de assertividade em 92% mostram que a solução proposta é promissora. Estes resultados indicam que a capacidade do modelo em avaliar os pacientes infectados por COVID-19 pode ser usada no gerenciamento de recursos referentes ao atendimento em hospitais e postos de saúde, bem como auxiliar gestores públicos na tomada de decisões relativas à restrição de atividades para promover o isolamento social.
Nova Proposta de Representação de Genoma Viral Aplicada na Classificação do SARS- CoV-2 com Aprendizagem Profunda
Authors: Souza Luíza , Barbosa Raquel , Fernandes Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Em dezembro de 2019 o primeiro caso de COVID-19 foi descrito em Wuhan, na China, e em abril de 2021, já haviam 136 milhões de casos confirmados. Devido a rápida propagação do vírus, esforços vêm sendo realizados pela comunidade científica para o desenvolvimento de técnicas de classificação viral do SARS-CoV-2. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido, utilizando o Chaos Game Representation (CGR) em conjunto de técnicas de Processamento de Sinais Genômicos, uma nova proposta de representação dos dados genéticos de amostras de seis vírus da família Coronaviridae, à qual pertence o vírus SARS-CoV-2, e em seguida, o mapeamento realizado foi empregado a uma arquitetura de aprendizagem profunda para a classificação das amostras virais, obtendo acurácia de 94% e 91% para os tamanhos 64 e 128 da redimensão das sequências, obtendo 100% de sensibilidade para os vetores com tamanho 64.
A scenario-based coupled SWAT-MODFLOW decision support system for advanced water resource management
Authors: Izady A. , Joodavi A. , Ansarian M. , Shafiei M. , Majidi M. , Davary K. , Ziaei A. N. , Ansari H. , Nikoo M. R. , Al-Maktoumi A. , Chen M. , Abdalla O.
Published: October 2021

Models provide invaluable visions to decision-makers for basin-scale management of water resources. However, decision-makers have difficulties in directly using these complex models. Water managers are primarily interested in user-friendly features allowing an integration of their judgments into the decision-making process, rather than applying detailed theories and methodologies. This knowledge gap between technical simulation models and policy-makers highlights the urgent need for developing an integrated water resource management decision support system (IWRM-DSS). This paper describes the main aspects of a new IWRM-DSS in which Microsoft Visual Studio under the C# language was employed to integrate the Microsoft SQL server as a database and ArcGIS Engine DLLs for pre/postdata processing for the SWAT and MODFLOW models. Two particular ‘module’ and ‘presentation’ shells are specifically designed for decision-makers to create four different scenarios, namely, ‘climatic’, ‘recharge’, ‘discharge’, and ‘coupled’ and to analyze the results. Decision-makers, without any detailed modeling knowledge and computer skills, can access the data and run models to test different management scenarios in an attractive graphical user interface. The IWRM-DSS, which was applied for the Neishaboor watershed, Iran, reveals that mean annual potential evapotranspiration increased to 8.2%, while runoff and recharge rates are reduced to 35 and 63%, which led to a decline of 13.5 m in mean groundwater level for the 13-year projected period.
Environmental flow assessment in the context of climate change: a case study in Southern Quebec (Canada)
Authors: Berthot Laureline , St-Hilaire André , Caissie Daniel , El-Jabi Nassir , Kirby Judith , Ouellet-Proulx Sébastien
Published: October 2021

Through a case study in Southern Quebec (Canada), the assessment of environmental flows in light of the effects of climate change is investigated. Currently, the 7Q2 flow metric (7-day average flow with a 2-year return period) is used for water abstraction management. Several flow metrics were calculated using flow time series simulated by a deterministic hydrological model (HYDROTEL) and climate change scenarios as inputs. Results were compared within homogeneous low flow regions defined using ascendant hierarchical clustering, for the 1990, 2020 and 2050 horizons and annual, summer and winter periods. The impact of each flow metric on the potential availability of physical habitat was analyzed using the wetted perimeter as a proxy. Results indicated that: (1) the increasing non-stationarity of simulated flow data sets over time will complicate the use of frequency analysis to calculate the 7Q2 flow metric; (2) summer low flow values are expected to be lower than winter low flows; and (3) flow-duration curve metrics like the LQ50 (median discharge value of the month with the lowest flow) may become relevant environmental flow metrics by 2050. Results question current water abstraction management tools and permit us to anticipate future local and regional issues during low flow periods.
Water poverty assessment based on the random forest algorithm: application to Gansu, Northwest China
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Ke , Lo Kevin , Wen Ruiyang , Huang Xingxing , Dang Qianwen
Published: October 2021

This study proposes a random forest algorithm to evaluate water poverty. It shows how the machine learning technique can be used to classify the degree of water poverty into five levels: very severe, severe, moderate, mild, and very mild. The strengths of the proposed random forest method include a high classification accuracy, good operational efficiency, and the ability to handle high-dimensional datasets. The success of the proposed method is empirically illustrated through a case study in Gansu, Northwest China. The analysis shows that from 2000 to 2017, the severity of water poverty in the study area declined. In 2000, most municipalities were classified as level 1 (very severe) or level 2 (severe). In 2017, level 1 water poverty disappeared, with most municipalities classified in as level 3 (moderate) and level 4 (mild). Spatially, there is a significant difference between the water poverty levels of the western, central, and eastern parts of Gansu, and the eastern part is affected by serious water poverty problems.
Preparation and application of embedded and immobilized Achromobacter sp. agent for effective removal of ammonia nitrogen from water
Authors: Xiao Yao , Huang Yongbing , Wu Weishan , Li Yao , Li Zhipeng , Li Yanzheng , Tang Dongmei
Published: October 2021

A novel wastewater-quality-improver, Sodium Alginate Embedded Microbe-treated Zeolite (SAEMZ), was proposed. The strains used are screened from black-odorous water and have high-efficiency NH4+-N degradation performance. The Gram-positive bacteria, belonging to Achromobacter sp., was determined through the screening and identification for this strain, whose removal rate of NH4+-N can reach 88.06%, to decrease the NH4+-N concentration from 61.83 mg/L to 7.80 mg/L, and its optimal growth conditions are pH 7–8, rotation speed 150–210 r/min, temperature 25–35 °C. The SAEMZ's removal effect on NH4+-N was considered in this research from aspects of reusability, storage stability, and the effects of dosage, coexisting ions, and wastewater's concentration. The increase of the SAEMZ's dosage effectively improved the NH4+-N removal rate; Ca2+ in the solution promoted the NH4+-N removal rate, while Mg2+ and Mn2+ inhibited it. Also, the NH4+-N removal rate improved slightly with Fe2+ concentration's increase and then decreased significantly; with the increase of the wastewater dilution factor, the NH4+-N removal rate showed an upward trend and with the increase of the SAEMZ's reuse times, it decreased. Therefore, recycle times should be controlled to less than 3 times in practical application; the SAEMZ still maintains its physiological stability, high mechanical strength, and good storage stability after being stored at 4 °C for 120 days.
From the Editor - V21 I2
Authors: Jacques Paul H.
Published: October 2021

A letter from the editor.
A Conceptual Model of Ambiguity Attitudes for Entrepreneurship Experiments
Authors: Csonka-Peeren Jacqueline , Cozzarin Brian P.
Published: October 2021

Ambiguity is central to entrepreneurship phenomena. This paper addresses how ambiguity affects decision making in general, and in entrepreneurship specifically. The work described in this paper relies on robust empirical findings from behavioral economics to construct a conceptual model of factors that influence ambiguity attitudes. The conceptual model includes a novel structure called the ambiguity profile, used to describe an ambiguous situation as perceived by the decision maker. We discuss the applications of this theory for experimental work to understand bias in financial decision making in general, and entrepreneurial financial decision making in particular. Similar or synonymous terminology from various literature is compared to encourage interdisciplinary readership and communication.
Learning Outcomes of Immersive Technologies in Health Care Student Education: Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Ryan Grace V , Callaghan Shauna , Rafferty Anthony , Higgins Mary F , Mangina Eleni , McAuliffe Fionnuala
Published: October 2021

Background

There is a lack of evidence in the literature regarding the learning outcomes of immersive technologies as educational tools for teaching university-level health care students.

Objective

The aim of this review is to assess the learning outcomes of immersive technologies compared with traditional learning modalities with regard to knowledge and the participants’ learning experience in medical, midwifery, and nursing preclinical university education.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Randomized controlled trials comparing traditional learning methods with virtual, augmented, or mixed reality for the education of medicine, nursing, or midwifery students were evaluated. The identified studies were screened by 2 authors independently. Disagreements were discussed with a third reviewer. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI). The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) in April 2020.

Results

Of 15,627 studies, 29 (0.19%) randomized controlled trials (N=2722 students) were included and evaluated using the MERSQI tool. Knowledge gain was found to be equal when immersive technologies were compared with traditional learning modalities; however, the learning experience increased with immersive technologies. The mean MERSQI score was 12.64 (SD 1.6), the median was 12.50, and the mode was 13.50. Immersive technology was predominantly used to teach clinical skills (15/29, 52%), and virtual reality (22/29, 76%) was the most commonly used form of immersive technology. Knowledge was the primary outcome in 97% (28/29) of studies. Approximately 66% (19/29) of studies used validated instruments and scales to assess secondary learning outcomes, including satisfaction, self-efficacy, engagement, and perceptions of the learning experience. Of the 29 studies, 19 (66%) included medical students (1706/2722, 62.67%), 8 (28%) included nursing students (727/2722, 26.71%), and 2 (7%) included both medical and nursing students (289/2722, 10.62%). There were no studies involving midwifery students. The studies were based on the following disciplines: anatomy, basic clinical skills and history-taking skills, neurology, respiratory medicine, acute medicine, dermatology, communication skills, internal medicine, and emergency medicine.

Conclusions

Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality play an important role in the education of preclinical medical and nursing university students. When compared with traditional educational modalities, the learning gain is equal with immersive technologies. Learning outcomes such as student satisfaction, self-efficacy, and engagement all increase with the use of immersive technology, suggesting that it is an optimal tool for education.
Intervention for a Digital, Cognitive, Multi-Domain Alzheimer Risk Velocity Study: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gray Michelle , Madero Erica N , Gills Joshua L , Paulson Sally , Jones Megan D , Campitelli Anthony , Myers Jennifer , Bott Nicholas T , Glenn Jordan M
Published: October 2021

Background

In the United States, more than 6 million adults live with Alzheimer disease (AD) that affects 1 out of every 3 older adults. Although there is no cure for AD currently, lifestyle-based interventions aimed at slowing the rate of cognitive decline or delaying the onset of AD have shown promising results. However, most studies primarily focus on older adults (>55 years) and use in-person interventions.

Objective

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a 2-year digital lifestyle intervention on AD risk among at-risk middle-aged and older adults (45-75 years) compared with a health education control.

Methods

The lifestyle intervention consists of a digitally delivered, personalized health coaching program that directly targets the modifiable risk factors for AD. The primary outcome measure is AD risk as determined by the Australian National University-Alzheimer Disease Risk Index; secondary outcome measures are functional fitness, blood biomarkers (inflammation, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides), and cognitive function (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and Neurotrack Cognitive Battery). Screening commenced in January 2021 and was completed in June 2021.

Results

Baseline characteristics indicate no difference between the intervention and control groups for AD risk (mean −1.68, SD 7.31; P=.90).

Conclusions

The intervention in the Digital, Cognitive, Multi-domain Alzheimer Risk Velocity is uniquely designed to reduce the risk of AD through a web-based health coaching experience that addresses the modifiable lifestyle-based risk factors.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04559789; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04559789

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/31841
«Tu sei acqua». Dialogo e dissolvenza tra Roni Horn e Anne Carson
Authors: Anedda Angioy Antonella
Published: October 2021

Il titolo dell’intervento è una variazione sul titolo You are the Weather dell’artista Roni Horn, realizzato in Islanda: il viso di una giovane donna veniva fotografato durante diverse condizioni meteorologiche mentre si bagnava nelle sorgenti dell’isola. La ricerca di Horn sull’identità, sul suo comporsi e decomporsi, sulla meteorologia delle nostre emozioni trova un’interlocutrice nella scrittrice e poeta di origini canadesi Anne Carson.

Keywords: acqua, identità, conoscenza, dissoluzione, Anne Carson, Roni Horn.
Nota preliminar
Authors: López Guil Itzíar , González Vicente Juan Antonio
Published: October 2021

Se presenta aquí, de forma somera, el contenido de las dos secciones que conforman este número 68 de Versants: el apartado monográfico conmemora el 80 aniversario de la muerte de Miguel Hernández y se dedica al estudio de las dimensiones metapoética y autorreferencial presentes en su obra. La sección de tema libre está integrada por un artículo del veterano Jon Kortázar sobre Harri eta Herri de Gabriel Aresti y otro de un grupo de investigadores noveles de la Universidad de Zúrich acerca de la autorreflexión en tres cuentos de Medardo Fraile.

Keywords: Miguel Hernández, autorreferencialidad, metapoesía, Harri eta Herri, Gabriel Aresti, Medardo Fraile.
UJI EFEK ANTELMINTIK INFUS BUNGA WIDURI (Calotropis gigantea) (L.) Dryand TERHADAP CACING HATI (Fasciola) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Pratama Iman Surya , Toyyibah Zurriatun , Tresnani Galuh
Published: October 2021

Fasciolosis merupakan  penyakit parasit yang dapat  menyerang sapi dan manusia disebabkan oleh Fasciola sp. Bunga widuri (Calotropis gigantea) merupakan tumbuhan obat yang telah diketahui secara tradisional dapat  mengobati kecacingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan  menentukan efektivitas infus bunga widuri  terhadap Fasciola sp. secara in vitro dan  berdasarkan gambaran histologi tegumen. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental, dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai September  2017 di Laboratorium Biologi FMIPA, Universitas Mataram. Pengujian secara in vitro terdiri dari enam kelompok: albendazol, kontrol negatif, infus bunga widuri konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 30%  dengan parameter indeks pergerakan relatif dan ketahanan hidup. Preparat dibuat menggunakan metode parafin dan pewarnaan hematoksilin eosin. Data hasil perhitungan  in vitro dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney U Test. Analisis  histologi pada bagian tegumen dilakukan secara deskriptif. Secara in vitro  tidak ada pengaruh nyata (p<0,05) peningkatan konsentrasi terhadap penurunan waktu kematian cacing. Preparat histologi menunjukkan peningkatan konsentrasi infus seiring peningkatan kerusakan pada tegumen. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini konsentrasi efektif infus bunga widuri adalah 5%. Kerusakan tegumen terbesar terjadi pada konsentrasi tertinggi.
Penyebaran Penyakit Brucellosis di Wilayah Koasistensi Administrasi Dinas dan Kesmavet
Authors: Primatika Roza Azizah , Sumiarto Bambang , Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Widiasih Dyah Ayu , Drastini Yatri , Yudhabuntara Doddy , Susetya Heru
Published: October 2021

Brucellosis is a Brucella bacterial infectious disease that is spread from animals to humans, generally through consumption of milk, especially unpasteurized milk, or other dairy products. Veterinary public health has an important role in preventing transmission of disease to humans through both animals and foodstuffs of animal origin or other animal origin ingredients. Brucellosis is one of the problems often faced by the Animal Husbandry Department, especially at the Animal Health Unit. Handling and controlling about Brucellosis is very vital to maintain animal health and reduce the level of economic losses of farmers due to Brucellosis experienced by livestock owned. This study aims to determine the spread of Brucellosis disease by mapping in the Administrative and Service Coordination areas, to know the handling and control actions carried out by the Animal Husbandry Service throughout the implementation of the Administrative Coordination Office and Veterinary Public Health. The results of the mapping of the spread of Brucellosis in the District of Veterinary Public Health and Public Service Administration Coordination can be divided into 3 groups with the number of cases <10, 10 - 66, and> 66. The number of cases between the range of 10 - 66 there are 3 regions, while the number of cases> 66 there are 2 regions.            Keywords : Brucellosis; Mapping; Handling and Control; Descriptive Statistics
Analisis Epidemiologi Kasus Hipofungsi Ovarium pada Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Salman Aldi , Prihatno Surya Agus , Sumiarto Bambang
Published: October 2021

Hipofungsi ovarium menjadi kasus gangguan reproduksi yang memiliki angka kejadian paling tinggi di Jawa Tengah, dengan kerugian peternak karena panjangnya Calving Interval dan biaya pengobatan yang tinggi. Kualitas pakan seringkali dianggap menjadi menjadi penyebab hipofungsi ovarium, tetapi juga terdapat faktor lain yang mengakibatkan munculnya penyakit. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko hipofungsi ovarium pada sapi potong, serta model untuk memprediksi penyakit hipofungsi ovarium di Kabupaten Jepara.  Sapi betina produktif sebanyak 304 ekor sampel dari 176 peternak dipilih secara formal random sampling pada 14 desa di 7 kecamatan dengan tahapan ganda. Dilakukan anamnesis pada peternak dan pemeriksaan sapi  secara per rektal untuk mengetahui status reproduksi, serta kuesioner untuk tingkat peternakan dan individu ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi hipofungsi ovarium 8,88% dan faktor risiko yang mempunyai hubungan adalah frekuensi pakan tambahan/PKTB (OR=12,77) dan pakan utama/PKUT (OR=9,59). Variabel yang menurunkan hipofungsi ovarium adalah jenis ternak/JNT (OR=0,37), kepemilikan ternak satu/PUNYA1 (OR=0,34), umur ternak/UMT (OR=0,32), status laktasi/STLAK (OR=0,07) dan umur sapih/SAPH (OR=0,027). Model persamaan pada tingkat ternak adalah Ln P/1-P = 5,709 - 3,198xSAPH - 1,825xSTLAK - 0,992xJNTR. Model persamaan pada tingkat peternakan adalah Ln P/1-P = 1,213 + 1,813xPKUT + 1,736xPKTB - 1,331xPUNYA1
POTENSI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ALGA HIJAU Halimeda makroloba Decaisne DARI PERAIRAN DESA HUTUMURI KOTA AMBON
Authors: Sampulawa Sriyati , Nirmala Wa
Published: October 2021

Perkembangan penggunaan obat-obatan tradisional  untuk membantu meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat sudah cukup meluas, salah satu tumbuhan yang sering digunakan dalam bidang kesehatan yaitu alga hijau, penggunaan alga hijau karena memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri, namun isolasi senyawa aktif dari alga hijau yang efektif  dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri masih jarang dilakukan, salah satunya Halimeda makroloba Decaisne sehingga perlu dilakukuan isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa yang aktif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak alga hijau Halimeda makroloba Decaisne dari perairan Desa Hutumuri Kota Ambon dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu proses pengambilan sampel, proses ekstraksi, proses uji fitokimia uji daya hambat bakteri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian uji fitokimia menunjukan bahwa ekstrak alga hijau Halimeda makroloba Decaisne kandungan senyawa Alkoloid, Flavonoid, Terpenoid, Fenolik, dan saponin yang berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Kemampuan ekstrak alga hijau Halimeda makroloba Decaisne dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% dan 80%, dan Kemampuan ekstrak dalam menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 60% dan 80%.
Effectiveness Comparison Between Young Leaf Extracts Acacia nilotica with Desmanthus virgatus Against Vermicidal Potency of Haemonchus contortus In-vitro
Authors: Wirawan I Gusti Komang Oka , Aoetpah Aholiab , Jacob Jois Moriani
Published: October 2021

Acacia nillotica and Desmanthus virgatus are two entopharmacologycal plants that thrives throughout the season in East Nusa Tenggara Province, other Provinces in Indonesia or tropical countries. Extraction of young leaves of Acacia nillotica (EDMAN) and Desmanthus virgatus (EDMDV) contains tannin compound. By pharmacodynamic viewpoint, this extraction has potency as an anthelmintic. Objective: to compare the in-vitro effectivity of young leaves extraction of the two plants as a vermicidal power to combat Haemonchus contortus. Materials: young leaves of Acacia nillotica and Desmanthus virgatus and Haemonchus contortus. Method: The study was grouped into four treatments: EDMAN, EDMDV, Positive control (Albendazole 0,055%) and negative control (aquades).  The concentration of the young leaves extracts are 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% out of 0.01 g/mL of extraction. Each treatment was applied to 6 female Haemonchus contortus with four replicates allowing immersion time for 1, 3, 5 or 7 hours. Variable measured and tested was mortality of the H. contortus. The vermicidal effectively was descriptively analysed. The results showed that mortality percentage (vermicidal) treatment of 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% EDMAN for 7-hour immersion was 16.7%, 45.8%, 12.5%, respectively. That values for EDMDV for similar concentrations and immersion time was 50%, 33.3%, 12.5%, respectively. Conclusion: EDMDV has a more effective vermicidal power between the two etnopharmacological treatments at 2.5% concentration.