bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Approach to Identifying Depression in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Using Radial Artery Pulse Wave Analysis
Authors: Yi Lyu , Chen Rui , Yan Hai-Xia , Wu Hai-Mei , Wang Yi-Qin , Xu Jin
Published: December 2024

Background
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major global cardiovascular health threat and the leading cause of death in many countries. The disease has a significant impact in China, where it has become the leading cause of death. More than 200 studies have evaluated depression as a risk factor for cardiac events in patients with established CAD. There is an urgent need to develop objective, simple, and cost-effective techniques for the detection of potential depression in CAD patients using machine learning (ML).
Methods
228 participants were divided into three groups: healthy, CAD, and depressed CAD. The raw data of pulse wave from those participants was collected. The data were de-noised, normalized, and analyzed using several applications. Seven ML classifiers were used to model the processed data, including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), Extra Trees (ET), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting (LightGBM), and Unbiased Boosting with Categorical Features (CatBoost).
Results
The ET classifier demonstrated the best classification performance. After tuning hyperparameters, the results performance evaluation on test set are: 0.8261 accuracy, 0.9187 AUC, 0.8245 recall, 0.8255 precision, 0.825 F1-score, and 0.7398 MCC. The top 10 feature importances of tuned ET model are hf/4, t3/tmax, tf/6/t4, tf/5, t4/tmax, tmax/t, w, As, t4/t1, t3/t1. The top 20 features of SHAP value are: t3/tmax, tf/6/t4, hf/4, t3/t1, t4/tmax, tf/5, w/tmax, w/t1, w, tmax/t, t4/t1, hf/3, t5/tmax, As, hf/5, hf/6, tf/3/tmax, tf/6/t1, tf/4/t1, and h4.
Conclusion
Radial artery pulse wave can be used to identify healthy, CAD and depressed CAD participants by using ET classifier. This method provides a potential pathway to recognize depressed CAD patients by using an objective, simple, and cost-effective technique.
Utilization of Chicken Eggshells as a Source of Calcium to Enhance the Nutritional Value and Quality Characteristics of Crackers
Authors: Salama Mokhtar M. , Ghanem Sameh M. , Kadry Mostafa M. , Wang Shaoyun , Abdelnaby Taher
Published: December 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for healthy snacks, leading to new products containing health-promoting components. Eggshells have emerged as a novel calcium source for human consumption, with potential for use in food products. Hence, this research aimed to examine the effects of substituting wheat flour with different levels (4%, 8%, and 12%) of chicken eggshell powder (CEsP) on the nutritional value, physiochemical properties of produced crackers, and to measure in vivo calcium absorption. The findings of the research indicated that the boiling process of CEsP effectively eliminated any microbial growth on the surface. CEsP supplementation led to an increase in the ash content of the crackers without altering the fat and protein contents, resulting in a notable decrease in the calorie content. Furthermore, the replacement of WF with CEsP led to an elevation in the mineral content, particularly calcium, which increased from 25.01 to 2446.1 mg/100 g with a higher replacement ratio of 12%. Moreover, the physical properties of the crackers showed no significant changes when using a replacement ratio of up to 8% of the produced crackers. Additionally, the in vivo evaluation of calcium absorption revealed that the highest absorption rate (44.07%) was achieved at the 8% replacement level. Based on these findings, the addition of CEsP to crackers improved their nutritional quality and physicochemical properties up to an 8% replacement level. Thus, the study proposes using CEsP as a dietary calcium supplement to develop novel calcium-enriched food products.
Young Infants Expect People to Help Others in Need
Authors: Putrich Rylie , Pattanakul Duangporn , Luo Yuyan
Published: December 2024

Do young infants expect people to help one another? In two experiments (N = 72), the
present study examined 5.5-month-old infants’ helping expectations as they watched two female
agents’ actions. After seeing one agent try but fail to obtain an out-of-reach toy and then exit,
infants expected another agent to help by moving the toy within her reach and found it
unexpected when the agent did not. Importantly, if the first agent did not try to reach for the toy,
signaling no need for it, infants instead found it unexpected when the other agent helped.
Together, these results suggest that infants at this young age already expect people to be helpful
toward others in need. These findings thus shed new light on the early development of moral
cognition.
Temporal Trends in Prevalence of Chronic Liver Disease among Women of Childbearing Age from 1992 to 2021
Authors: Chen Hedan , Wu Hongwei , Zhu Jiansheng , Liu Junyan , Li Ali , Wu Weiti , Lin Ling , Zhou Ni , Chen Yan , Lu Yonghui , Tang Yongzhi , Shao Hui
Published: December 2024

Background
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is among the foremost contributors to global mortality. This investigation attempted to profoundly analyze temporal trends in CLD prevalence among women of childbearing age (WCBA) over a span of 30 years.
Methods
An age-period-cohort (APC) model was constructed to determine the overall annual percentage change (net drift [ND], % per year) and annual percentage change within discrete age brackets (local drift, % per year) in CLD prevalence from 1992 to 2021. The APC model accommodates longitudinal age-specific rates while adjusting for deviations across periods from 1992 to 2021 (age effects), as well as period/cohort relative risks (period/cohort effects).
Results
From 1992 to 2021, the global ND in CLD prevalence among WCBA was 0.057% per year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.029%-0.084%), varying across regions (from − 0.27–0.66%). From the local drift perspective, age groups with increasing prevalence were more prevalent in high SDI region (SDIR), while those with decreasing were more common in low SDIR. Age effects showed a consistent patterns across different SDIRs, with an incremental rise in risk associated with advancing age. Period risks were relatively lower in low SDIR, while other regions demonstrated more adverse period risks. Furthermore, across birth cohorts, improvements in prevalence were observed in all regions.
Conclusion
Over the past 30 years, the global prevalence of CLD among WCBA has demonstrated a predominantly adverse trend. Strategic advancements in prevention, management, and treatment of CLD could mitigate relative risks for successive birth cohorts.
Religion and global cultural diversity
Authors: Bentzen Jeanet , Knudsen Anne Sofie , Sperling Lena , Norenzayan Ara
Published: December 2024

As a cultural species, humans show marked global diversity in preferences, beliefs, and behaviors (cultural traits). Of the many types of cultural traits, which ones generate the most global diversity across countries? We address this question by analyzing data for 640,110 individuals from 117 countries, 2,333 sub-national districts worldwide, and 13 birth cohorts surveyed in the World Values Survey (WVS) and the European Values Study (EVS). We measure cultural diversity using the standard Cultural Fixation Index (CFst). Across multiple sets of comparable cultural traits, we find that religious cultural traits are globally most diverse. In personal values, the emphasis on religion differs 5-10 times more than the emphasis on family, politics, or work effort across countries. Similarly, in qualities important for raising children, religion showed the most cultural divergence. Diversity in religious membership is also significantly higher, compared to memberships in political, environmental or sports organizations. This global divergence had two distinct sources: it was partly the result of differences among particular religious groups, namely Christians, Muslims, Jews, Buddhists, and Hindus; but in large part it was due to individual differences in the strength of religious engagement, irrespective of religious tradition. The results reveal the pervasive role of religion and secularization in the cultural evolution of societies.
Extracellular vesicles derived from lung M2 macrophages enhance group 2 innate lymphoid cells function in allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Pei Weiya , Lv Kun , Zhang Yingying , Yin Guoquan , Li Xueqin , Zhong Min , Zhu Xiaolong
Published: December 2024

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promote the recruitment of eosinophils by secreting large amounts of type 2 cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13), thus triggering the main feature of asthma, pathological inflammation. Recent insights from mouse and human studies indicated a potential relationship between ILC2s and macrophages. However, the mechanism by which lung M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (M2 EVs) regulate ILC2s remains unclear. Here, the size, morphology, and specific markers of M2 EVs were successfully characterized in the lungs. Furthermore, we discovered that M2 EVs strongly promoted type 2 lung immunopathology induced by papain. Mechanistically, M2 EVs were internalized by ILC2s, triggering ILC2 activation and inducing pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-5 and IL-13) production. M2 EVs also indirectly enhanced the function of ILC2s through macrophages and CD4+ T cells. Using RNA sequencing, we found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) 4930474H06Rik participated in mediating these effects of M2 EVs. Inhibition of 4930474H06Rik altered intracellular metabolism of activated ILC2s and enhanced NF-κB pathway signaling. Taken together, we demonstrated that M2 EVs promoted allergic airway inflammation at least partially through 4930474H06Rik, implying that 4930474H06Rik can be considered as a therapeutic target for ILC2s activation in allergic airway inflammation.
Photoluminescence Enhancement in Two-Dimensional Semiconductors via Spacer-Free Metallic Screening
Authors: Shakir Hafiz Muhammad , Suleiman Abdulsalam Aji , Kalkan Kübra Nur , Pehlivanoğlu Doruk , Parsi Amir , Başçı Uğur , Durmuş Mehmet Atıf , Ölçer Ahmet Osman , Korkut Hilal , Sevik Cem , Sarpkaya İbrahim , Kasırga Talip Serkan
Published: December 2024

Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs, namely the excitons, in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) present unique opportunities for optoelectronic and quantum photonic device applications. Due to their two-dimensional confinement, these excitons are highly sensitive to their environment, with electric field lines extending beyond the TMDC monolayer. This sensitivity allows for the engineering of screening effects to modulate exciton radiative recombination and photoluminescence (PL) intensity with the aim of enhancing device efficiency. While previous studies have explored modifying the dielectric environment and introducing metal surfaces separated from TMDCs by a dielectric spacer layer to influence screening effects and PL, the case where a metal layer is in contact with the TMDC monolayer by only a van der Waals gap—has not been demonstrated until now. In this study, we demonstrate that this limit can be achieved by vertically stacking metals with appropriate work functions either above or below a monolayer semiconducting TMDC. Our findings reveal that PL intensity can be increased by up to two orders of magnitude in such metal-semiconductor junctions, attributed to the suppression of exciton-exciton interactions due to the strong screening provided by the metallic layer in a dielectric spacer-free environment. The van der Waals gapped interface minimizes free carrier transfer from the metal to the TMDC. Time-resolved PL measurements further indicate that the observed PL enhancement is due to reduced exciton-exciton annihilation, even at high generation rates, facilitated by the strong screening effect of the metal. These results highlight the potential for engineering optical emission from TMDCs through direct metal interfacing.
Prevalence of Measles in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children: a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rehman Wajeeh ur , rehman Shafiq ur , ibrahim Muhammad , Haris Muhammad , iqbal Javed , Salih Muhammad , Ali Syed Muhammad , Sathian Brijesh
Published: December 2024

Background:
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that continues to pose a public health challenge, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, measles outbreaks remain common, exacerbated by gaps in vaccination coverage and other socioeconomic factors.
Objectives:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of measles and its association with vaccination status among children aged 4 months to 15 years presenting at Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Swat.
Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 children diagnosed with measles. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS-27. Children were categorized into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, and associations with demographic and clinical variables were assessed.
Results:
Among the 400 children, the prevalence of measles was 50.2%. The highest prevalence was observed in the 5–10 years age group (56.6%). A significant association was found between vaccination status and measles prevalence, with 43.34% of vaccinated and 67.4% of unvaccinated children affected (p = 0.04). Females had a significantly higher prevalence (58.65%) than males (p = 0.006). Complications occurred in 57.2% of cases, with pneumonia (37.4%) and diarrhea (27.8%) being the most frequent.
Conclusion:
The study highlights the effectiveness of measles vaccination in reducing disease incidence. However, cases among vaccinated children point to issues such as secondary vaccine failure and cold chain management. Enhanced immunization programs, improved healthcare access, and strategies to address vaccine hesitancy are critical to achieving measles elimination in Pakistan.
Mitigating Class Imbalance in Pump-and-Dump Detection: A Comparative Analysis of Imbalance-Aware Algorithms
Authors: Bogutsky Denis , Mironov Mikhail
Published: December 2024

The cryptocurrency market has been subject to various forms of exploitation, with pump-and-dump schemes being a persistent problem that can lead to significant price volatility and financial losses. Prior studies have focused on predicting attack targets using machine learning approaches; however, these methods are often compromised by class imbalance and biases inherent in historical data. To address this limitation, we present a novel framework for manipulation targets prediction.
We employ two-step bias-minimizing data normalization techniques to mitigate the effects of class imbalance and temporal heterogeneity. We also propose several innovative machine learning approaches including imbalance-aware hyperparameters optimization and ranking algorithms.
Our evaluation reveals that the proposed framework outperforms existing methods, achieving an accuracy rate of 5\% and a top-10 accuracy rate of 45\% on a highly imbalanced dataset of historical P\&Ds events(imbalance ratio $\approx$ 270).
For further validation, we construct a portfolio strategy based on predicted target class probabilities to assess the practical application of our constructed models.
Enhanced biological nitrogen fixation in alfalfa through the synergistic interactions between Sinorhizobium meliloti and Priestia aryabhattai
Authors: Liu Rui , Li Chang , Zhang Yunjun , Liu Chunli , Zheng Yanning , Xue Jinai
Published: December 2024

Nitrogen fertilizer is crucial for agricultural output. However, prolonged overuse has resulted in nitrate leaching, and potential soil acidification. Research on microbial fertilizers has become essential to enhance soil conditions and minimize nitrogen fertilizer usage. In alfalfa cultivation, research on efficient compound microbial agents remains limited, therefore, this study concentrates on the investigation of dual microbial combinations. In the screening process, black soil was utilized with alfalfa plants as samples to identify a strain of rhizobacteria, Sinorhizobium meliloti LMGL3-1, exhibiting nitrogen-fixing capabilities, and Priestia aryabhattai (Bacillus aryabhattai) YJHT21, demonstrating phosphorus-solubilizing abilities. The S. meliloti strain demonstrated the ability to symbiotically associate with the alfalfa variety Longmu 806, resulting in the formation of effective nodules containing leghemoglobin, thereby enabling the plants to thrive in the absence of nitrogen fertilizer application. Here, we discovered that the addition of phosphorus-solubilizing P. aryabhattai enhanced plant growth and increased nitrogenase activity of S. meliloti. Moreover, the incorporation of P. aryabhattai resulted in a significant increase in flavonoid production within the root system of alfalfa plants. Consequently, under the influence of the inducer extracted from the root system of quantitatively analyzed plants, the rhizobacteria exhibited enhanced production of metabolites associated with the Nod factor cluster. The current experiment demonstrated that the interaction between the two bacteria significantly enhanced nitrogen fixation, effectively substituting nitrogen fertilizer in alfalfa cultivation with improved efficiency and offered theoretical support for the eco-friendly advancement of microbial compound fertilizers as a substitute for chemical fertilizers.
Association between ribosomal protein gene dysregulation and tumor biodiversity of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lu Zhimin , Xu Sicong , Zhao Guofeng , Niu Ziyi , Hou Guoxin
Published: December 2024

Background
Tumor cells are characterized by a higher production of ribosomes, which are necessary for maintaining enhanced cell growth and subsequent cell division. An increase in ribosome production is associated with aberrant ribosome biogenesis homeostasis; these elements represent specific hallmarks of cancer cells. However, its association with the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironment remains poorly understood.
Methods
Using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), we constructed an RPLscore to estimate the dysregulation of ribosomal protein large (RPL) genes. The expression of RPL genes and their association with clinical outcomes and the tumor microenvironment (TME) were systematically investigated using bulk-seq and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq).
Results
We observed that HCC with high expression levels of RPL was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001). We developed an RPL score to evaluate the RPL gene and verified its independent prognostic value for both OS and relapse-free survival (P = 0.0074 and P < 0.001, respectively). TME analysis indicated that RPL gene dysregulation was closely associated with T cell exhaustion, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration, and vascular dysplasia may be promoted by arginine deficiency (P = 7.6 × 10–10). The scRNA-seq data concerning HCC suggested that the RPL score was positively and significantly associated with the tumor biodiversity score (ITH score).
Conclusion
The present study highlights the prognostic value of the RPL score and its potential role in mediating immune evasion of HCC, which may provide an impetus for the development of new targets for the treatment of HCC.
Assessing Biodegradation and Flame retardation in Bio- Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites for Advanced Material Applications
Authors: Ghanem Asmaa Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Background: The demand for sustainable materials has driven interest in biodegradable polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic materials. These composites combine biodegradability with enhanced mechanical performance, using fibers like jute and hemp to strengthen polymer matrices while reducing environmental impact. Challenges such as water absorption and limited durability are mitigated through surface treatments and compatibilizers. Biopolymers like polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) naturally degrade under various conditions, making them suitable for biomedical and industrial applications. This study explores the potential of bio-fiber composites to balance environmental sustainability with high-performance requirements. My study aims to determine their suitability for sustainable engineering and industrial applications, in keeping with the global demand for ecologically responsible material advances.
Results: This experimental laboratory-based study with analytical and comparative elements, conducted at Alexandria University's Department of Materials Science. Results show enhanced tensile strength (up to 201 kg/cm²) and flame retardancy (Limiting Oxygen Index of 31) with increased bio-fiber content, achieving improved thermal stability and reduced toxic gas emissions. Thermal analyses highlight significant char formation that protects the composite at high temperatures, while water absorption tests confirm improved hydrophobicity due to fiber treatment. Biodegradability tests reveal progressive weight loss over 14 days, validating eco-friendliness. The findings demonstrate the composite's suitability for biomedical and industrial applications, balancing environmental sustainability with performance demands.
Conclusions: The study assesses biodegradation and water resistance of bio-fiber reinforced polymer composites, revealing their potential for advanced applications, including fire and antibacterial testing, enhancing tensile strength and thermal stability.
Unsupervised multi-scale clustering of single-cell transcriptomes to identify hierarchical structures of cell subtypes
Authors: Song Won-Min , Ming Chen , Forst Christian V. , Zhang Bin
Published: December 2024

Cell clustering is an essential step in uncovering cellular architectures in single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. However, the existing cell clustering approaches are not well designed to dissect complex structures of cellular landscapes at a finer resolution. Here, we develop a multi-scale clustering (MSC) approach to construct sparse cell-cell correlation network for identifying de novo cell types and subtypes at multiscale resolution in an unsupervised manner. Based upon simulated, silver and gold standard data as well as real scRNA-seq data in diseases, MSC showed much improved performance in comparison to established benchmark methods, and identified biologically meaningful cell hierarchy to facilitate the discovery of novel disease associated cell subtypes and mechanisms.
Stress-Tolerant Bacillus Strains for Enhancing Tomato Growth and Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum under Saline Conditions: Functional and Genomic Characterization
Authors: Valencia-Marin María F. , Chávez-Avila Salvador , Sepúlveda Edgardo , Delgado-Ramírez Carmen S. , Meza-Contreras Jenny J. , Orozco-Mosqueda Ma del Carmen , Santos-Villalobos Sergio , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , Hernández-Martinez Rufina , Santoyo Gustavo
Published: December 2024

Soil salinity is a major limiting factor for agricultural crops, which increases their susceptibility to pathogenic attacks. This is particularly relevant for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a salt-sensitive crop. Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, is a significant threat to tomato production in both greenhouse and field environments. This study evaluated the salinity tolerance, biocontrol, and plant growth-promoting properties of Bacillus velezensis AF12 and Bacillus halotolerans AF23, isolated from soil affected by underground fires and selected for their resistance to saline conditions (up to 1000 mM NaCl). In vitro assays confirmed that both strains produced siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and proteases, and exhibited phosphate solubilization under saline stress (100–200 mM NaCl). AF23 exhibited synergistic interactions with AF12, and inoculation with either strain individually or in combination significantly improved the growth of the Bonny Best tomato cultivar under 200 mM saline stress, leading to increased shoot and root weight, enhanced chlorophyll content, and higher total biomass. The biocontrol potential of AF12 and AF23 was evaluated in tomato plants infected with F. oxysporum. Both strains, individually or combined, increased shoot and root weight, chlorophyll content, and total biomass under non-saline conditions, promoting growth and reducing infection rates under saline stress (100 mM NaCl). Genomic analysis revealed that both strains harbored genes related to salt stress tolerance, biocontrol, and plant growth promotion. In conclusion, Bacillus AF23 and AF12 demonstrated strong potential as bioinoculants for enhancing tomato growth and providing protection against F. oxysporum in saline-affected soils.
Unveiling Face Recognition Challenges and Awareness in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Insights from the Italian Famous Face Test (IT-FFT)
Authors: Ventura Martina , Manippa Valerio , Caffò Alessandro Oronzo , Cicinelli Giovanni , Nobile Emanuela , Keller Roberto , Rivolta Davide
Published: December 2024

Accurate face recognition is crucial for navigating social interactions. While neurotypical individuals generally show no issues with face processing, persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder (PwASD) often exhibit impairments in this area. This study explores the extent of these face recognition deficits in autistic adults, focusing on their ability to identify famous faces, along with the awareness (metacognition) of their face recognition skills. Using the Italian Famous Face Test (IT-FFT) and the Prosopagnosia Index-20 (PI-20), to compare face recognition performance and self-awareness of face recognition abilities between 50 neurotypical individuals (NTs) and 49 PwASD. Our results showed that PwASD had significantly lower face identification scores and greater difficulties recognizing famous faces than NT participants. Additionally, PwASD reported more face recognition challenges on the PI-20, highlighting their awareness of these deficits. These findings suggest that face recognition impairments in PwASD extend to famous faces and underscore the importance of further research to explore targeted interventions aimed at improving different aspects of face recognition processes in ASD.
Editorial: Digitale Studienassistenzsysteme als Studien- und Lernbegleiter
Authors: Lübcke Maren , Schrumpf Johannes , Schurz Katharina , Seyfeli-Özhizalan Funda , Thelen Tobias , Wannemacher Klaus , Weber Felix
Published: December 2024

Die digitale Transformation bietet erhebliche Potenziale, Studierende künftig besser zu fördern. Digitalen Studienassistenzsystemen (DSA) kommt dabei eine wesentliche Rolle zu: Sie unterstützen Studierende individuell bei der Studienorganisation, Lernprozessbegleitung sowie der Verfolgung persönlicher Bildungsziele. Dieses Themenheft der Zeitschrift für Hochschulentwicklung beleuchtet den aktuellen Stand der Forschung sowie praktische Anwendungen von DSA. Fünf Beiträge stellen innovative Ansätze vor, von KI-gestütztem Feedback über Chatbots bis hin zu Unterstützungsfunktionen von Lernplattformen und Dashboards. Ziel ist es, die Potenziale dieser Technologien zu analysieren und neue Impulse für die Forschung und Entwicklung zu geben.
Lernen im Beziehungsdreieck von Lehrkraft, Studierenden und KI: Explorative Studien
Authors: Go Stefanie
Published: December 2024

Die Digitalisierung der Hochschulbildung und insbesondere der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) bergen Potenzial für die Weiterentwicklung des Verhältnisses zwischen Lehrenden und Studierenden. Mit Blick auf das KI-gestützte Selbststudium stellt sich jedoch die Frage, welche Rolle dabei den Lehrenden zukommen kann und sollte. Dieser Beitrag zeigt am Fallbeispiel des intelligenten Hochschul-Assistenz-Systems „HAnS“, wie sich KI aus Perspektive der Lehrenden auf die Rollenverteilung im Selbststudium auswirken kann. Dazu werden die Ergebnisse zweier explorativer Studien vorgestellt und die darin identifizierten Potenziale und Herausforderungen für selbstreguliertes Lernen und studentische Partizipation diskutiert.
Die Fristennormen der AMM-VO: Eine Rückkehr zum Altbekannten oder ein versteckter Neuaufbruch?
Authors: Cvetković Saša
Published: December 2024

Am 14. Mai 2024 erliess der Rat der Europäischen Union die Asyl- und Migrationsmanagement-Verordnung (AMM-VO) als Nachfolgerin der Dublin-III-Verordnung. Die Regelung bestimmt die Asylverfahrenszuständigkeit und enthält mehrere neu gefasste Fristennormen. Diese Änderungen scheinen die Anwendung bisheriger Rechtsprechung des EuGH zur Geltendmachung von Fristabläufen zu verhindern. Der Autor legt dar, inwiefern - anders als bisher - die Fristennormen nicht mehr dogmatisch gleich einzuordnen sind. Stattdessen bedarf es deren Neueinteilung danach, ob ihre Verletzung ein Recht Einzelner nach Unionsrecht begründet, sie sonstige einklagbare Rechtsnormen darstellen oder es sich um organisatorisch-zwischenstaatliche Regelungen handelt. Ausschlaggebend für die Unterscheidung ist die zuständigkeitsverlagernde Rechtsfolge der Norm. Nach bisherigem Stand der bilateralen Verträge gelten diese Überlegungen auch für die Schweiz.
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Le 14 mai 2024, le Conseil de l'Union européenne a adopté le règlement (UE) 2024/1351, remplaçant l'ancien règlement Dublin III et redéfinissant les règles relatives à la responsabilité dans les procédures d'asile. Parmi les changements notables, ce nouveau règlement modifie les règles concernant les délais, restreignant ainsi l'application de la jurisprudence de la CJUE, qui autorisait auparavant à invoquer leur dépassement. L'auteur de la présente contribution souligne la nécessité d'adopter une approche différenciée face aux délais prévus par ce texte. Il convient de distinguer les délais dont le dépassement confère un droit individuel, ceux qui constituent des normes juridiques pouvant être invoquées devant les juridictions, et ceux qui relèvent uniquement de considérations organisationnelles ou interétatiques. Le critère déterminant pour établir cette distinction repose sur la question de savoir si le dépassement du délai entraîne un transfert de responsabilité. En l'état actuel des accords bilatéraux, ces réflexions valent également pour la Suisse.
Exploring the Benefits and Challenges of Using Laptop Computers in Higher Education Classrooms: A Formative Analysis
Authors: Kay Robin H. , Lauricella Sharon
Published: December 2024

Because of decreased prices, increased convenience, and wireless access, an increasing number of college and university students are using laptop computers in their classrooms. This recent trend has forced instructors to address the educational consequences of using these mobile devices. The purpose of the current study was to analyze and assess beneficial and challenging laptop behaviours in higher education classrooms. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 177 undergraduate university students (89 males, 88 females). Key benefits observed include note-taking activities, in-class laptop-based academic tasks, collaboration, increased focus, improved organization and efficiency, and addressing special needs. Key challenges noted include other student’s distracting laptop behaviours, instant messaging, surfing the web, playing games, watching movies, and decreased focus. Nearly three-quarters of the students claimed that laptops were useful in supporting their academic experience. Twice as many benefits were reported compared to challenges. It is speculated that the integration of meaningful laptop activities is a critical determinant of benefits and challenges experienced in higher education classrooms.
La felicidad como configuración del cuerpo humano en Julien Offray de La Mettrie
Authors: Cajicá Zambrano Cristiam Fernando , Peñuela Pinzón Jennifer Johanna , Dionicio Lozano Milton Fernando
Published: December 2024

Este artículo rastrea el concepto de “felicidad” en la obra Anti-Séneca o Discurso sobre la felicidad de Julien Offray de La Mettrie (2010). Antes de explorar el término “felicidad”, es indispensable responder la pregunta: ¿qué entiende La Mettrie por “ser humano”? Para ello, en la primera sección se analiza la idea de “cuerpo humano”, entendido como máquina orgánica. En la segunda sección discutimos los daños físicos o enfermedades que pueden afectar la máquina o cuerpo humano. En la tercera parte exploramos la concepción de “felicidad” entendida como placer carnal, voluptuosidad y felicidad orgánica o arterial. En la cuarta sección examinamos los diferentes caminos para alcanzar la vida feliz. Concluimos que la felicidad, para La Mettrie, es el resultado de la organización o composición del cuerpo humano; por lo tanto, el individuo, al actuar según su naturaleza, debe quedar exento de recriminación o juicios éticos.
Is Szabolcsi’s Logic a Fuzzy Logic?
Authors: Castro-Manzano J.-Martín
Published: December 2024

In this paper we ask ourselves whether Szabolcsi’s numerical term logic is a fuzzy logic. Our answer is in the affirmative. In order to justify such a claim, we first expound some preliminaries that help us understand why the inclusion of fuzzy quantifiers is a sufficient condition for fuzziness. Then we present Szabolcsi’s logic, which includes said quantifiers.
El abandono de la concepción ontológica de la verdad y la redefinición de la noción de “imagen” en el Sofista de Platón
Authors: Tabakian Diego
Published: December 2024

En los diálogos medios, Platón introduce la noción de “participación” para explicar la dependencia ontológico-causal de las cosas sensibles respecto de las Formas y emplea la metáfora de la imitación para ejemplificar la diferencia ontológica entre dichas entidades: las entidades sensibles, en cuanto imitaciones o imágenes, constituyen una combinación de ser y no ser, mientras que las Formas-modelos constituyen el ser pleno. En el Sofista, la metáfora de la imagen es problematizada junto con la reconceptualización de la participación y de la estructura del ámbito eidético. Este artículo muestra que el célebre parricidio de Parménides no conduce únicamente a una concepción alternativa del no ser (lo Diferente), sino también al abandono de la concepción ontológica de la verdad y a la reformulación de la noción de imagen.
Effect of Fermented Milk Base on Quality Indicators of Ice-Cream and Fermented Whipped Dairy Desserts
Authors: Tvorogova Antonina , Gurskiy Igor , Kazakova Natalya
Published: December 2024

Fermented ice-cream and dairy desserts are a healthy alternative to traditional sweets. However, the fermented milk base may affect the quality of high-fat ice-cream and frozen or defrosted whipped fermented desserts. In this study, adding 30% yogurt to the traditional ice cream with 12% fat led to a marginal decrease in the dispersion of air phase and ice crystals. In addition, the permissible anisidine value was reached twice as fast as in the control sample. The experimental fermented desserts demonstrated an increase in such consistency indices as dynamic viscosity (50 times), hardness (1.7 times), apparent module (2 times), and stickiness (11.5 times). The defrosted fermented desserts showed a better air-phase dispersion after 6 h of storage. The average diameter of air bubbles in the fermented milk desserts was 1.5 times as small as in milk after 24 h. The fermented milk base proved commercially feasible for ice-cream and ice-cream desserts. However, producers have to consider its effect on the consistency, dispersion, and fat oxidation. Further research will feature the effect of fat mass fraction, acidity, and overrun on the fat-phase oxidation in ice-cream and whipped desserts.
POPULAÇÃO LGBT NOS SERVIÇOS ODONTOLÓGICOS: NÍVEL DE INFORMAÇÃO E CAPACITAÇÃO DOS CIRURGIÕES-DENTISTAS DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE NATAL/RN
Authors: Caetano Clara Rafaela de Lima , Rodrigues Maisa Paulino , Amancio Amanda Medeiros , Almeida Lidia Noemy de , Barra Brigida Albuquerque , Maito Sofia de Oliveira , Ferreira Maria Angela Fernandes
Published: December 2024

Introdução: As pessoas Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transexuais (LGBT) não vêm vivenciando amplo acesso à saúde, enfrentando entraves para a efetiva garantia de um atendimento humanizado e integral que atenda às suas necessidades. Objetivo: Diante disso, este estudo visa verificar se os cirurgiões-dentistas que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Natal/RN/Brasil se declaram aptos para assistir usuários LGBT. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento seccional, realizado no município de Natal. A coleta de dados foi realizada por conveniência por meio de questionário online, preenchido via Plataforma do Google Forms®. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de corte seccional e abordagem quantitativa com dados primários captados por meio de questionário online desenvolvido no período de agosto de 2023. A divulgação do questionário foi realizada nos grupos de WhatsApp compostos por Cirurgiões-Dentistas da Atenção Básica. Os dados coletados foram organizados em banco de dados do Microsoft Excel® e analisados através desse programa, por meio de estatística descritiva, com números absolutos, percentuais, média e desvio-padrão. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 24 Cirurgiões-Dentistas, com idade média de 40,5 anos (DP=14,5 anos), com tempo médio de atuação profissional de 16,3 anos (DP=14,19 anos). Em relação à religião, 50% são católicos; quanto à orientação sexual, 75% são héteros. Em relação às políticas públicas de saúde LGBT 66,7% não conhecem a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral LGBT. Quanto à Política Municipal de Saúde Integral LGBT, 79,2% desconhecem, 91,7% se sentem preparados para atender usuários LGBT e 66,7% afirmaram que precisam de capacitação. Conclusões: Os Cirurgiões-Dentistas se sentem capazes de atender os pacientes LGBT, porém os achados dessa pesquisa mostram que o nível de informação relacionada a saúde LGBT é baixo.
Palavras-Chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Cirurgiões-Dentistas; Serviços de Saúde para Pessoas Transgênero; Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero.
ANÁLISE CIENTOMÉTRICA E DE CONTEÚDO SOBRE A TELEODONTOLOGIA
Authors: Cunha Miguel Caixeta Ribeiro e , Freitas Beatriz Cristina , Queluz Dagmar de Paula
Published: December 2024

Introdução: As evidências do uso da teleodontologia são válidas na prestação de cuidados bucais e auxiliam na tomada de decisões dos formuladores de políticas e dos profissionais de odontologia. Objetivo: Investigar os serviços de teleodontologia oferecidos por cirurgiões-dentistas e descrever suas experiências através da análise cientométrica e de conteúdo. Metodologia: Foi realizada em 2023 uma pesquisa cientométrica na base de dados Web of Science (WoS), seguida por análise de conteúdo das principais áreas onde a teleodontologia está sendo utilizada. A questão norteadora da pesquisa foi: Como a teleodontologia tem sido utilizada por cirurgiões-dentistas? Para análise cientométrica foram utilizadas técnicas relacionais e de conteúdo e o software VOSviewer para construção das redes bibliométricas. Resultados: O período de maior publicação sobre o tema correspondeu aos anos 2021-2023, sendo que a maioria dos artigos foi publicada no ano de 2022 (n=112; 23,15%). Os principais países identificados foram EUA (n=86; 24,64%), Austrália (n=46; 13,18%), Brasil (n=32; 9,16%). O uso da teleodontologia foi aumentado pela pandemia da COVID-19, sendo utilizada em ações preventivas e educativas de promoção da saúde bucal, na prescrição de medicamentos, no acompanhamento de tratamentos já iniciados, na odontopediatria e odontogeriatria, entre vários outros. Destacam-se também limitações e desafios no uso da teleodontologia quanto ao acesso à tecnologia e à internet, à não familiarização com as ferramentas tecnológicas, à proteção de dados do paciente e a resistências profissionais. Conclusões: A teleodontologia tem sido utilizada e pesquisada em diversos países; sua prática tem auxiliado os cirurgiões-dentistas através da teleassistência, do telemonitoramento, e da tele-educação.
Palavras-Chave: Odontologia; Saúde Oral; Teleodontologia; Telessaúde; Bibliometria.
USO DO CANABIDIOL NO TRATAMENTO DE EPILEPSIA REFRATÁRIA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Valdevino Maria Eduarda Souza , Brito Ana Júlia dos Santos , Costa Christianny Louyse de Freitas , Cunha Laylla Lorena Araújo , Alves Maria Eduarda Medeiros , Xavier Uyara da Silva , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A epilepsia refratária se caracteriza pela carência de resposta clínica adequada após aplicação de duas ou mais terapia medicamentosas aceitas e toleráveis. Diante disso, está estabelecido na literatura, as opções de abordagem cirúrgica ou estimulação do nervo vago. Todavia, o uso do canabidiol tem emergido como uma possibilidade para esses quadros, diante do seu potencial anticonvulsivante e neuroprotetor.. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia e segurança do canabidiol no tratamento de epilepsias refratárias, frente ao contexto de terapias convencionais. Metodologia: seguiu-se o Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses e registrou-se na Open Science Framework Buscou-se em: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Embase, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health e Scientific Electronic Library Online, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde epilepsia, cannabis e "tratamento farmacológico", e correspondentes na língua inglesa. Analisou-se criteriosamente os estudos e suas qualidades metodológicas foram avaliadas pela Newcastle Ottawa Scale.. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes mostraram redução de convulsões e melhorias clínicas. Destacou-se variabilidade na resposta ao CBD, podendo ser atribuído a diferenças individuais no metabolismo do medicamento ou na etiologia da epilepsia. A segurança da intervenção foi confirmada na maior parte dos estudos, com efeitos colaterais comparáveis ou inferiores aos de outras medicações antiepilépticas. A qualidade metodológica revelou heterogeneidade, limitados pela falta de grupos controle ou randomização adequada.. Conclusões: Trata-se de uma opção terapêutica promissora, oferecendo redução de convulsões e perfil de segurança aceitável. São necessários mais estudos clínicos rigorosos e bem desenhados para consolidar esses achados e otimizar protocolos de tratamento.
PROBLEMAS PSICOLÓGICOS E SOCIAIS NO PUERPÉRIO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Silva Pollianna Marys de Souza e , Cerqueira Evany Caroline de Souza , Possobon Mariana da Silva , Cabral Ana Beatriz Bernardo
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O puerpério constitui um momento de fragilidade na saúde da mulher, quando associados com a menor assistência nos cuidados pós parto do que na gestação, contribuem para um período com morbimortalidade materna significativa exigindo dessa forma a necessidade de atendimentos no cuidado pós-parto para atender às preocupações da paciente. Objetivo: Informar aos profissionais da saúde, mulheres e seus familiares sobre as mudanças que ocorrem nesse período e de discutir como o Estado lida com essa situação. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo revisão sistemática de literatura. A busca foi realizada a partir dos descritores e o operador booleano “AND”: “Transtornos Puerperais” AND “Fatores Sociais” AND “Ajuste Emocional” e seus correspondentes em inglês nas bases de dados nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Pubmed. Resultados e discussão: O estudo contou com 19 artigos, sendo 100% encontrados na base de dados BVS. Dentre as causas mencionadas nos estudos estão aquelas com etiologia relacionada a idade da mãe onde observa-se a diminuição da prevalência conforme o aumento da idade da mãe. Ademais, a falta de apoio, multiparidade, história pregressa de distúrbios psicológicos, desemprego, menor nível de escolaridade também constituem fatores de risco para desenvolvimento da depressão pós-parto. Considerações finais: O estudo atual permitiu identificar os sintomas iniciais bem como o perfil de risco de depressão e ansiedade no puerpério.
O acervo escolar do Parque Infantil Violeta Dória Lins: culturas infantis em perspectiva
Authors: Ferreira Flávia Martinelli , Medeiros Daniele Cristina Carqueijeiro de , Wiggers Ingrid Dittrich
Published: December 2024

O Parque Infantil Violeta Dória Lins foi inaugurado em Campinas, em 1940, como elemento da política implantada pela Secretaria de Cultura do estado de São Paulo. Ao longo de sua trajetória, a instituição reuniu documentos, fotografias e outros itens da cultura material. Em 2017, esses documentos foram organizados em um arquivo, que pretendia conservar e manter os materiais históricos encontrados. O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar o processo de organização do acervo, bem como apontar linhas de pesquisa a partir do material armazenado. A organização permitiu que novas fontes de pesquisa – em sua maioria, fotografias – fossem instituídas. Com a análise preliminar, foi possível estabelecer um objeto de investigação a partir das culturas infantis construídas no parque.
Entre olhares e frestas:
Authors: Mendes Sarah de Lima
Published: December 2024

Objetivamos analisar as práticas escolares produzidas no Jardim de Infância Modelo de Natal, nos anos de 1953 à 1965. Nos alicerçamos em autores que estudam a Infância, tais como: Sarmento (2007) e Kuhlmann (1998). Fazemos uso do conceito de Representação em Chartier (2002), e de Cultura Escolar em Julia (2001), a fim de configurar as representações de um modelo educa educativo promovidos pela instituição. Partimos, metodologicamente, da analise fotográfica, com base em Kossoy (2012) e Dubois (2009). Pela ótica da fotografia foi possível compreender as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas no Jardim de Infância Modelo de Natal e reconstruir a memória dos sujeitos que compõem tal espaço social.
Victor Civita
Authors: Freitas Bianca  Nascimento de , Silva Manuelle Araújo da
Published: December 2024

Esta investigação, do tipo exploratória, ancora-se em abordagem qualitativa e classifica-se como bibliográfica e documental. Tem-se como problema de pesquisa: quais as relações entre a trajetória do empresário Victor Civita e projetos educacionais de teor formal e informal? Seja através do âmbito escolar ou da política, por intermédio da Editora Abril e seus empreendimentos, cumpre investigar elementos de trajetória desse sujeito histórico. Serão analisados prefácios de enciclopédias assinadas pelo mesmo, trechos de um documentário sobre Civita, bem como estudos sobre a criação da revista Nova Escola e da Fundação Victor Civita. Busca-se problematizar a atuação de Civita na educação brasileira, de 1950 a 1970.