bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Logic-Based Techniques for Modeling the Correlation between the Weld Bead Dimension and the Process Parameters in MIG Welding
Authors: Surender Y. , Pratihar Dilip Kumar
Published: October 2013

Fuzzy logic-based techniques have been developed to model input-output relationships of metal inert gas (MIG) welding process. Both conventional and hierarchical fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) of Mamdani type have been developed, and their performances are compared. The conventional FLC suffers from the curse of dimensionality for handling a large number of variables, and a hierarchical FLC was proposed earlier to tackle this problem. However, in that study, both the structure and knowledge base of the FLC were not optimized simultaneously, which has been attempted here. Simultaneous optimization of the structure and knowledge base is a difficult task, and to solve it, a genetic algorithm (GA) will have to deal with the strings having varied lengths. A new scheme has been proposed here to tackle the problem related to crossover of two parents with unequal lengths. It is interesting to observe that the conventional FLC yields the best accuracy in predictions, whereas the hierarchical FLC can be computationally faster than others but at the cost of accuracy. Moreover, there is no improvement of interpretability by introducing a hierarchical fuzzy system. Thus, there exists a trade-off between the accuracy obtained in predictions and computational complexity of various FLCs.
Predicting the Quality of Pasteurized Vegetables Using Kinetic Models: A Review
Authors: Aamir Muhammad , Ovissipour Mahmoudreza , Sablani Shyam S. , Rasco Barbara
Published: September 2013

A resurgence in interest examining thermal pasteurization technologies has been driven by demands for “cleaner” labeling and the need of organic and natural foods markets for suitable preventive measures to impede microbial growth and extend shelf life of minimally processed foods and ready-to-eat foods with a concomitant reduction in the use of chemical preservatives. This review describes the effects of thermal pasteurization on vegetable quality attributes including altering flavor and texture to improve consumer acceptability, stabilizing color, improving digestibility, palatability and retaining bioavailability of important nutrients, and bioactive compounds. Here, we provide kinetic parameters for inactivation of viral and bacterial pathogens and their surrogates and marker enzymes used to monitor process effectiveness in a variety of plant food items. Data on thermal processing protocols leading to higher retention and bioactivity are also presented. Thermal inactivation of foodborne viruses and pathogenic bacteria, specifically at lower pasteurization temperatures or via new technologies such as dielectric heating, can lead to greater retention of “fresh-like” properties.
Is the Dog a Possible Reservoir for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Suriname?
Authors: Kent Alida , Ramkalup Prakash , Mans Dennis , Schallig Henk
Published: October 2013

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an emerging disease in Suriname, with at least 200 cases per year. Little is known about the biology of CL in the country. The most important parasite species isLeishmania Viannia guyanensis, but possible vectors and reservoirs are hardly incriminated. In the present study, it was investigated whether the dog could possibly be a zoonotic reservoir for the disease in Suriname. Forty-seven dogs were examined for overt clinical signs of leishmaniasis, and blood samples were collected on filter paper for serology (direct agglutination test) and molecular biology (by polymerase chain reaction). Three dogs had clinical signs that could be compatible with canine cutaneous leishmaniosis: dermatitis (two) or nasal lesion (one). Two dogs were seropositive with DAT (titre > 1 : 1600), and three animals had a borderline titre (1 : 800). All other animals (n=42) were DAT negative. PCR analysis foundLeishmaniaDNA equivalent to 1 parasite per mL in only one dog at a first round of analysis, but this animal was negative after retesting. The clinical, serological, and molecular data show some preliminary lines of evidence that canine leishmaniosis is present in Suriname, but further studies are needed to incriminate the reservoir, including a possible sylvatic cycle.
PRO: A Novel Approach to Precision and Reliability Optimization Based Dominant Point Detection
Authors: Prasad Dilip K.
Published: September 2013

A novel method that uses both the local and the global nature of fit for dominant point detection is proposed. Most other methods use local fit to detect dominant points. The proposed method uses simple metrics like precision (local nature of fit) and reliability (global nature of fit) as the optimization goals for detecting the dominant points. Depending on the desired level of fitting (very fine or crude), the threshold for precision and reliability can be chosen in a very simple manner. Extensive comparison of various line fitting algorithms based on metrics such as precision, reliability, figure of merit, integral square error, and dimensionality reduction is benchmarked on publicly available and widely used datasets (Caltech 101, Caltech 256, and Pascal (2007, 2008, 2009, 2010) datasets) comprising 102628 images. Such work is especially useful for segmentation, shape representation, activity recognition, and robust edge feature extraction in object detection and recognition problems.
Neural Network Based Finite-Time Stabilization for Discrete-Time Markov Jump Nonlinear Systems with Time Delays
Authors: Chen Fei , Liu Fei , Karimi Hamid Reza
Published: October 2013

This paper deals with the finite-time stabilization problem for discrete-time Markov jump nonlinear systems with time delays and norm-bounded exogenous disturbance. The nonlinearities in different jump modes are parameterized by neural networks. Subsequently, a linear difference inclusion state space representation for a class of neural networks is established. Based on this, sufficient conditions are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities to guarantee stochastic finite-time boundedness and stochastic finite-time stabilization of the closed-loop system. A numerical example is illustrated to verify the efficiency of the proposed technique.
Air Density Climate of Two Caribbean Tropical Islands and Relevance to Wind Power
Authors: Chadee Xsitaaz Twinkle , Clarke Ricardo Marcus
Published: September 2013

The standard air density of 1.225 kg m−3 is often used in determining the energy output of a wind turbine although the energy output is dependent on a site's air density. By using measurements of temperature, dew-point temperature, and pressure, we calculate the monthly air density of moist tropical climates at two sites in the small-island state of Trinidad and Tobago. In addition, we calculate the energy output of a BOREAS 30 kW small wind turbine using the 10 m level wind speed distribution extrapolated to hub height. The average air densities at Crown Point and Piarco were 1.156 kg m−3 and 1.159 kg m−3, respectively, and monthly air densities at both sites were at most 6% less than standard air density. The difference in energy output of the BOREAS 30 kW calculated using standard air density over that using the local site's air density could provide electrical energy for the continuous monthly operation of 6 light bulbs rated at 50 W at Crown Point and 4 light bulbs at Piarco. Thus, communities interested in implementing wind turbine technologies must use the local air density of the site when sizing a wind turbine system for its needs.
A Study on Fuzzy Ideals of N-Groups
Authors: Davvaz B. , Ratnabala Devi O.
Published: September 2013

Using the idea of the new sort of fuzzy subnear-ring of a near-ring, fuzzy subgroups, and their generalizations defined by various researchers, we try to introduce the notion of (ϵ,ϵ∨q)-fuzzy ideals of N-groups. These fuzzy ideals are characterized by their level ideals, and some other related properties are investigated.
Third-Order Leader-Following Consensus in a Nonlinear Multiagent Network via Impulsive Control
Authors: Li Xiaomei , Ma Zhongjun , Li Chunhai , Cao Jinde
Published: September 2013

Many facts indicate that the impulsive control method is a finer method, which is simple, efficient, and low in cost, for achieving consensus. In this paper, based on graph theory, Lyapunov stability theory, and matrix theory, a novel impulsive control protocol is given to realize the consensus of the multiagent network. Numerical simulations are performed to verify the theoretical results.
Thymic Regulatory T Cell Development: Role of Signalling Pathways and Transcription Factors
Authors: Engel Mark , Sidwell Tom , Vasanthakumar Ajithkumar , Grigoriadis George , Banerjee Ashish
Published: September 2013

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of CD4 T cells that are key mediators of immune tolerance. Most Tregs develop in the thymus. In this review we summarise recent findings on the role of diverse signalling pathways and downstream transcription factors in thymic Treg development.
Architecture Exploration Based on GA-PSO Optimization, ANN Modeling, and Static Scheduling
Authors: Elhossini Ahmed , Areibi Shawki , Dony Robert
Published: September 2013

Embedded systems are widely used today in different digital signal processing (DSP) applications that usually require high computation power and tight constraints. The design space to be explored depends on the application domain and the target platform. A tool that helps explore different architectures is required to design such an efficient system. This paper proposes an architecture exploration framework for DSP applications based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithms (GA) techniques that can handle multiobjective optimization problems with several hybrid forms. A novel approach for performance evaluation of embedded systems is also presented. Several cycle-accurate simulations are performed for commercial embedded processors. These simulation results are used to build an artificial neural network (ANN) model that can predict performance/power of newly generated architectures with an accuracy of 90% compared to cycle-accurate simulations with a very significant time saving. These models are combined with an analytical model and static scheduler to further increase the accuracy of the estimation process. The
functionality of the framework is verified based on benchmarks provided by our industrial partner ON Semiconductor to illustrate the ability of the framework to investigate the design space.
Analytic-Numerical Solution of Random Boundary Value Heat Problems in a Semi-Infinite Bar
Authors: Casabán M.-C. , Cortés J.-C. , García-Mora B. , Jódar L.
Published: October 2013

This paper deals with the analytic-numerical solution of random heat problems for the temperature distribution in a semi-infinite bar with different boundary value conditions. We apply a random Fourier sine and cosine transform mean square approach. Random operational mean square calculus is developed for the introduced transforms. Using previous results about random ordinary differential equations, a closed form solution stochastic process is firstly obtained. Then, expectation and variance are computed. Illustrative numerical examples are included.
A Generalization of the SMW Formula of OperatorA+YGZ*to the{2}-Inverse Case
Authors: Duan Yingtao
Published: October 2013

The classical Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury (for short SMW) formulaA+YGZ*-1=A-1-A-1YG-1+Z*A-1Y-1Z*A-1is generalized to the{2}-inverse case. Some sufficient conditions under which the SMW formula can be represented asA+YGZ*-=A--A-YG-+Z*A-Y-Z*A-are obtained.
Photosynthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles and Utilization to Impart Antibacterial Finishing for Wool and Acrylic Fabrics
Authors: El-Sheikh M. A. , El Gabry L. K. , Ibrahim H. M.
Published: September 2013

The water soluble photoinitiator (PI) 4-(trimethyl ammonium methyl) benzophenone chloride/UV system is used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Green synthesis method involved using PI/UV system, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), silver nitrate, and water. AgNPs obtained had a spherical shape morphology and a size of 1–7 nm. To impart antibacterial properties, wool and acrylic fabrics were treated with AgNPs obtained. The PI/UV system was further utilized to fix AgNPs onto wool and acrylic fabrics by photocrosslinking to impart durable antibacterial properties. The effect of irradiation time on the antibacterial performance before and after repeated washing cycles was studied. S. aureus (as G +ve) and E. coli (as G −ve) were used to estimate the antibacterial performance of the finished fabrics. The antibacterial performance was directly proportional to the irradiation time but inversely proportional to the number of washing cycles. However, after the 15th washing cycle, samples still have bacteriostatic effect; that is, although they show zero inhibition zone, they cannot be attacked by the bacterial growth and do not inhibit the bacterial growth. AgNPs finished wool fabrics showed more antibacterial activity than those of AgNPs finished acrylic fabrics.
Crevicular Fluid and Serum Concentrations of Progranulin and High Sensitivity CRP in Chronic Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Priyanka N. , Kumari Minal , Kalra Nitish , Arjun P. , Naik Savitha B. , Pradeep A. R.
Published: September 2013

Introduction. This study was designed to correlate the serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of progranulin (PGRN) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP) in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Design. PGRN and hs CRP levels were estimated in 3 groups: healthy, chronic periodontitis, and type 2 DM with chronic periodontitis.Results. The mean PGRN and hs CRP concentrations in serum and GCF were the highest for group 3 followed by group 2 and the least in group 1.Conclusion. PGRN and hs CRP may be biomarkers of the inflammatory response in type 2 DM and chronic periodontitis.
Salvage of Failed Local and Regional Flaps with Porcine Urinary Bladder Extracellular Matrix Aided Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Kruper Gregory J. , VandeGriend Zachary P. , Lin Ho-Sheng , Zuliani Giancarlo F.
Published: September 2013

Local and regional flap failure can be a major complication in head and neck surgery, which continue to be prevalent for a number of reasons including poor flap design, improper surgical technique, and poor tissue vascularity. Dealing with these failures can be quite difficult. Surgical debridement, flap revisions, and complex wound regimens are necessitated to reestablish appropriate tissue coverage. Traditional use of wet to dry dressing to enable proper wound granulation and possible closure with additional flaps or skin grafts is a laborious process. Such treatments place great time burdens on the patient, physicians, and nurses. Because the face and neck possess a complex three-dimensional topography, wound dressings are inherently complex to design and change. Many patients also require postoperative treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy to treat aggressive malignancies, and delay in wound healing leads to a delay in adjuvant treatment. Recently, advances in regenerative medicine, specifically xenogeneic extracellular matrix compounds, have been shown to promote tissue growth while limiting scar tissue formation (Badylak 2004). To our knowledge, this paper is the first case series using the porcine extracellular matrix bioscaffold (MatriStem ACell, Columbia, MD, USA) to salvage flaps with extensive wound breakdown on the face and neck.
Hypersensitivity to Etoposide in Case of Metastatic Gestational Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Lazović Biljana , Milenković Vera , Đelić Marina , Mazić Sanja , Jeremic Katarina , Hrgović Zlatko
Published: September 2013

Etoposide is commonly used in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms. Hypersensitivity reactions to etoposide are infrequently reported and include hypotension, hypertension, flushing, diaphoresis, chest discomfort, dyspnea, bronchospasm and loss of consciousness. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman who experienced acute bronchospasm, tachycardia, hypoxia and hypotension. The symptoms resolved within an hour after administration of intravenous fluids, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine and oxygen. Subsequently, the patient was given etoposide phosphate without incident.
Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease in Early Invasive versus Early Conservative Revascularization Strategies in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Population-Based Study from NHIRD of Taiwan
Authors: Chu Chun-Yuan , Su Ho-Ming , Hsu Po-Chao , Lee Wen-Hsien , Lin Tsung-Hsien , Voon Wen-Chol , Lai Wen-Ter , Sheu Sheng-Hsiung
Published: September 2013

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) sustaining a non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) are considered high risk and an early invasive strategy (EIS) is often recommended. However, the impact of CKD on patients receiving an EIS or an early conservative strategy (ECS) is unclear in real-world practice. Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2005-2008 National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan. The diagnosis of CKD was based on the International Classification of Disease-9 codes recorded by physicians. EIS was defined as coronary angiography with intent to revascularization performed within 72 h of symptom onset. The primary endpoint was time to first major adverse cardiac event (MACE) comprising cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. The secondary endpoints included major bleeding (MB), heart failure (HF) and dialysis during admission (DDA). Results: 834 patients (466 EIS and 368 ECS) were enrolled and age was 64.3 ± 12.6 years. Mean follow-up time was 1,163.96 ± 19.99 days. In the whole population an EIS was associated with a reduction in MACE (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.50-0.95, p = 0.024) but not in the CKD population (HR 1.08; 95% CI 0.66-1.78, p = 0.76). Kaplan-Meier curves showed CKD subjects receiving an EIS had the highest MACE, HF and DDA rate (all p < 0.019) and CKD subjects receiving an ECS had the highest MB rate (p = 0.018). Cox regression analysis showed CKD predicted higher HF and DDA in those receiving an EIS and higher DDA and MB in those receiving an ECS. Conclusion: An EIS reduced MACE in the overall population, and CKD was a poor outcome predictor for both revascularization strategies in NSTE-ACS.
Akreos Adapt AO Intraocular Lens Opacification: A Case Report
Authors: Forlini Matteo , Dell'Aversana Orabona Giancarlo , Bratu Adriana Ionela , Rossini Paolo , Cavallini Gian Maria , Forlini Cesare
Published: September 2013

A 79-year-old hyperglycemic patient was referred to the ‘Santa Maria delle Croci' Hospital, Ravenna, Italy. He presented with visual impairment in the right eye. Four years ago, he had had an uneventful cataract surgery in the right eye. We observed an opacification of the intraocular lens (IOL) causing significant visual disturbance. The IOL was exchanged. Unfortunately, pathologic analysis was not performed. Patient-related factors such as hyperglycemia and hypertension might have been responsible for the opacification. To our knowledge, there is only one previous report of opacification of the Akreos Adapt AO IOL.
Selective Modulation of Coupled Ryanodine Receptors During Microdomain Activation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II in the Dyadic Cleft
Authors: Dries Eef , Bito Virginie , Lenaerts Ilse , Antoons Gudrun , Sipido Karin R. , Macquaide Niall
Published: October 2013

Rationale:

In ventricular myocytes of large mammals with low T-tubule density, a significant number of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are not coupled to the sarcolemma; cardiac remodeling increases noncoupled RyRs.

Objective:

Our aim was to test the hypothesis that coupled and noncoupled RyRs have distinct microdomain-dependent modulation.

Methods and Results:

We studied single myocytes from pig left ventricle. The T-tubule network was analyzed in 3-dimension (3D) to measure distance to membrane of release sites. The rising phase of the Ca
2+
transient was correlated with proximity to the membrane (confocal imaging, whole-cell voltage-clamp, K
5
fluo-4 as Ca
2+
indicator). Ca
2+
sparks after stimulation were thus identified as resulting from coupled or noncoupled RyRs. We used high-frequency stimulation as a known activator of Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent kinase II. Spark frequency increased significantly more in coupled than in noncoupled RyRs. This specific modulation of coupled RyRs was abolished by the Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent kinase II blockers autocamtide-2–related inhibitory peptide and KN-93, but not by KN-92. Colocalization of Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and RyR was not detectably different for coupled and noncoupled sites, but the F-actin disruptor cytochalasin D prevented the specific modulation of coupled RyRs. NADPH oxidase 2 inhibition by diphenyleneiodonium or apocynin, or global reactive oxygen species scavenging, also prevented coupled RyR modulation. During stimulated Ca
2+
transients, frequency-dependent increase of the rate of Ca
2+
rise was seen in coupled RyR regions only and abolished by autocamtide-2–related inhibitory peptide. After myocardial infarction, selective modulation of coupled RyR was lost.

Conclusions:

Coupled RyRs have a distinct modulation by Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and reactive oxygen species, dependent on an intact cytoskeleton and consistent with a local Ca
2+
/reactive oxygen species microdomain, and subject to modification with disease.
l
-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitor Diltiazem Prevents Aneurysm Formation by Blood Pressure–Independent Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Authors: Mieth Anja , Revermann Marc , Babelova Andrea , Weigert Andreas , Schermuly Ralph T. , Brandes Ralf P.
Published: October 2013

Formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms is a progressive inflammatory process that involves infiltration and differentiation of monocytes in the vessel wall, proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells, and eventually the degradation of the internal elastic lamina, which leads to outward vascular remodeling and distension of the vessel. Because calcium channel blockers exert multiple beneficial effects on the vascular system, we investigated the effect of the benzothiazepine-type calcium channel blocker diltiazem on aneurysm formation in a mouse model. Angiotensin II infusion induced massive suprarenal aortic aneurysm formation in male apolipoprotein E
–
deficient mice that was blocked by cotreatment with diltiazem even if the blood pressure was controlled by coinfusion of phenylephrine. Diltiazem prevented the angiotensin II–mediated induction of proinflammatory cytokines after 7 days of angiotensin II treatment in the aortic arch attributable to a reduction in the amount of locally infiltrating macrophages. To identify the underlying mechanism, vascular segments and cultured vascular cells as well as monocytes were studied. Diltiazem failed to reduce the angiotensin II–induced expression of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines in isolated mouse thoracic aortic segments in organ culture. Furthermore, diltiazem did not affect the recruitment of proinflammatory Ly6C
+
monocytes in vivo pointing toward an effect of the compound on gene expression in monocytes/macrophages. Indeed, diltiazem prevented the interleukin-6–induced mRNA expression of interleukin-1β and the monocyte chemoattractant protein CCL12 in peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells independent of the intracellular calcium concentration. Thus, diltiazem limits aortic aneurysm formation in mice by a blood pressure–independent anti-inflammatory effect on monocytic cells.
Lectotypification and a new synonym for Gymnanthes klotzschiana (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Oliveira Luciana Dos Santos Dias de , Melo André Laurênio de , Silva Marcos José da , Sales Margareth Ferreira de
Published: October 2013

Gymnanthes klotzschiana is one of the most problematic species of its genus, not only from a morphological point of view, but also concerning its nomenclature. From among its syntypes, we propose herein the lectotypification of the name. Additionally, studies of herbarium material of Actinostemon unciformis and G. klotzschiana, including type and historical collections, have shown that they are conspecific. The second name has priority over the first. These considerations are part of an ongoing review of Gymnanthes.
The Apionidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of New Caledonia.
Genera Archellerenius gen. nov. and Hellerenius Wanat
Authors: WANAT MAREK
Published: October 2013

The New Caledonian endemic weevil genus Hellerenius is revised, with three new species described: H. monteithi, H. plumipes, and H. tibialis. A new genus Archellerenius is proposed for Archellerenius giustoi n. sp. Diagnoses, a key and distribution maps are provided for all species. Association of Hellerenius with the plant genus Hedycarya (Monimiaceae) is confirmed.
A new species and new record of Reticulolaelaps Costa (Acari: Laelapidae) from Iran
Authors: NEMATI ALIREZA , JOHARCHI OMID , BABAEIAN ESMAEIL , GWIAZDOWICZ DARIUSZ J.
Published: October 2013

We describe a new species of mite from Iran—Reticulolaelaps hallidayi Joharchi, Nemati & Babaeian sp. nov. (Acari: Laelapidae). The new species was collected in a nest of Tapinoma sp. (Hymnoptera: Formicidae) in Taleghan city, Alborz Province and in soil in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran. Reticulolaelaps faini is reported for the first time from Iran. The genus Reticulolaelaps is redescribed, and Reticulolaelaps lativentris Karg is transferred to Pseudoparasitus Oudemans.
Towards Modeling Social-Cognitive Mechanisms in Robots to Facilitate Human-Robot Teaming
Authors: Wiltshire Travis J. , Barber Daniel , Fiore Stephen M.
Published: October 2013

For effective human-robot teaming, robots must gain the appropriate social-cognitive mechanisms that allow them to function naturally and intuitively in social interactions with humans. However, there is a lack of consensus on social cognition broadly, and how to design such mechanisms for embodied robotic systems. To this end, recommendations are advanced that are drawn from HRI, psychology, robotics, neuroscience and philosophy as well as theories of embodied cognition, dual process theory, ecological psychology, and dynamical systems. These interdisciplinary and multi-theoretic recommendations are meant to serve as integrative and foundational guidelines for the design of robots with effective social-cognitive mechanisms.
Expression of the gamma 2 chain of laminin-332 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis
Authors: Locci Rosella , Nisolle Michelle , Angioni Stefano , Foidart Jean-Michel , Munaut Carine
Published: September 2013

Background

Endometrial cells, which are shed by retrograde menstruation, may aberrantly express molecules involved in invasion and migration, leading to endometriosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the laminin gamma 2 chain (LAMC2) in the tissues of women with and without endometriosis.

Methods

Endometrial biopsy specimens were collected from healthy volunteers and from endometriosis patients. Biopsy specimens from the corresponding endometriotic lesions were also collected. The expression of laminin gamma 2 chain was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results

Endometrial tissue from women with or without endometriosis showed constitutive expression of LAMC2 mRNA throughout the menstrual cycle. A higher mRNA level was observed in ectopic endometrium (Ec) from women with endometriosis compared with eutopic endometrium (Eu) from women with endometriosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed a varied pattern of laminin gamma 2 chain expression, with increased epithelial expression in eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis compared with those without endometriosis.

Conclusions

The altered expression of laminin gamma 2 chain in eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis may provide new opportunities for diagnosis and treatment.
Late-onset Sheehan’s syndrome presenting with rhabdomyolysis and hyponatremia: a case report
Authors: Soresi Maurizio , Brunori Giuseppe , Citarrella Roberto , Banco Aurelia , Zasa Antonino , Di Bella Giovanna , Giannitrapani Lydia
Published: October 2013

Introduction

Hyponatremia associated with rhabdomyolysis is a rare event and a correct diagnostic approach is required to rule out this or other diseases as a primary cause and to avoid other complications resulting from a lack of appropriate treatment.

Case presentation

A 64-year-old Caucasian woman presented to our facility with worsening fatigue, slurred speech, nausea and vomiting, and high serum levels of creatine kinase and myoglobin together with hyponatremia. Normal arterial blood gas analysis results, normal serum potassium levels, increased urine sodium levels, urine specific gravity of >1003N/m3 and low urine volume suggested an endocrine etiology. Her low cortisol and thyroid hormone serum levels suggested a pituitary disorder. A magnetic resonance imaging study showed atrophy of her pituitary gland. A more detailed study of our patient’s obstetric history revealed a post-partum hemorrhage 30 years earlier. She was diagnosed as having late-onset Sheehan’s syndrome and treated with hormone replacement therapy, which normalized her clinical picture.

Conclusions

This case report shows that, in hyponatremia-associated rhabdomyolysis, an endocrinological origin should always be considered. This should include Sheehan’s syndrome as it can occur with late onset.
Case series and literature review of multiple nodular sarcoidosis
Authors: Shahzad Hira , Ur-Rehman Sameer , Fatima Kulsoom , Sharif Nadia , Zubairi Ali Bin Sarwar
Published: October 2013

Background

Nodular lung disease is a rare presentation of sarcoidosis. Radiologically it can present as multiple pulmonary masses or solitary lung nodule.

Case presentation

We report three cases of nodular sarcoidosis in young females of Asian origin who had initially presented with dry cough and worsening dyspnea non-responsive to initially administered antibiotics. Pulmonary nodules were discovered upon radiographic imaging in all three cases which raised concern for the possibility of neoplastic processes. Subsequent biopsies revealed granulomatous inflammation indicative of sarcoidosis. All cases responded very well to systemic corticosteroids.

Conclusion

Sarcoidosis may present as nodular infiltrates which alerts the treating physician to other neoplastic and infectious diseases of the lungs. Appropriate workup may reveal the true nature of this disease and hence, simplify treatment.
Progressive alveolar echinococcosis after discontinuation of anthelmintic therapy
Authors: Meilinger Michael , Stoeckl Christina , Pollheimer Marion , Kern Peter , Reisinger Emil C , Seeber Katharina , Krause Robert , Flick Holger , Hoenigl Martin
Published: October 2013

We report a case of a female patient with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) who presented with progressive pulmonary and hepatic lesions and had a fatal outcome. AE affecting the liver, the lungs and the brain had been diagnosed 20 years ago and treated successfully with albendazole and stereotactic gamma knife therapy. Due to severe hair loss albendazole was stopped 14 years before presentation. Lesions had remained stable in imaging studies for at least 11 years, but then had started to progress. Lifelong anthelmintic maintenance therapy and regular follow-up may therefore be crucial in order to prevent such a dramatic clinical course.
Near Infrared Calibration Models for Pretreated Corn Stover Slurry Solids, Isolated and in situ
Authors: Sluiter Amie , Wolfrum Ed
Published: September 2013

Biomass pretreatment processes often yield slurry, a two-phase material consisting of an aqueous phase with solubilised components and a solid phase with insoluble constituents. Chemical characterisation of this material using conventional wet chemical analysis requires that the two phases be analysed separately. We have previously demonstrated near infrared (NIR) models that successfully predict the chemical composition of the solid phase after separation, washing and drying. In this work, we present the current version of this calibration model, as well as a model that uses spectra of the whole slurry samples (without separation) to predict the solids composition in situ. Removing the slurry solid/liquid separation step saves large amounts of time and effort during analysis. The model using washed and dried solids provided predicted vs measured correlation coefficient ( R2) values of 0.97, 0.99 and 0.98 and root mean square error of calibration ( RMSEC) values of 1.5, 0.8 and 0.8 dry weight percent for glucan, xylan and lignin, respectively. These RMSEC values are similar to established wet chemical analysis uncertainties. Validation samples also showed similar uncertainties and an average r2 value of 0.98 for the major constituents. The whole slurry model provided R2 values of 0.93, 0.93 and 0.95 and RMSEC values of 2.3,1.7 and 1.0 dry weight percent for glucan, xylan and lignin, respectively. The RMSEC values are larger than established wet chemical analysis uncertainties. Validation samples showed uncertainties and r2 values that were not statistically significantly different ( p = 0.05) from calibration model values for glucan, xylan, and lignin. The slurry model was not equivalent to the washed and dried pretreated solids model, with relative increases in RMSEC values of 20%–50% for major constituents. However, the model was highly successful for the intended purpose, which was to predict the composition of samples without the significant added effort of separating, washing and drying solids prior to scanning.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING
Authors: KADIROVICH RIZAYEV NURBEK
Published: October 2013

Intellectual Property (IP) is a set of exclusive rights to both personal and material nature on the intellectual and creative activity. Using the income method value of intellectual property is defined as its ability to bring a buyer or investor to profit in the future and is equal to the current value of net income, which can be obtained from the use of IP for the estimated economically sound life. Analysis and discussion is presented herein.
The True Cause of Business Cycle
Authors: Chiung Ting Chao­
Published: October 2013

Cause and impulse are different. Cause creates an economic mechanism in which  impulses propagate effect. If we remove cause, impulses propagate nothing. In credit economy, I derive an economic mechanism from economic agents’  budget constraint  interactively  in  which   effects arising from  impulses are co­movement. This economic mechanism does not  exist in non­credit economy while all impulses are active. Thus, loan is the true cause of business cycle. Business cycle is inherent in credit economy. If we remove loan from the world we live in, we eliminate business cycle completely and permanently.
The Study Drug Pathomorphism And Immunohistochemical Parameters Of Tumor In Endoarterial Of Regional Long-Term Chemotherapy In Treatment Of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Navruzova V , Yuldasheva N
Published: October 2013

Background: To improve the results of radiotherapy for cervical cancer used local and systemic radio-modification drugs.Materials and methods: 1984 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (2b - 3a stage), which at one stage of complex treatment by a course indo-arterial of regional long-term poly-chemotherapy (EARDPHT) mode: methotrexate - 50 mg/m2, the first 12 hours, fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2, over the next 12 hours and cisplatin - 100 mg/m2, for 48 hours, 2 stage - surgical treatment in the volume expanding hysterectomy 3 type (modification of Wertheim - Meigs).Results: The results of treatment of locally cervical cancer using VADRPHT, depending on the unilateral and bilateral tumor invasion in parametrial tissue showed that under unilateral lesion of parametrium results of treatment were higher than for the bilateral involvement of parametrium. Medical pathomorphosis in tumors of different severity was observed in 86.9% of patients, metastasis to regional lymph nodes were detected in 36% of operated patients, and also studied the degree of therapeutic pathomorphosis in lymph nodes. There was revealed that the complete regression of tumors, 5 - year survival rate is 98%, whereas in tumor regression of more than 50% of the original volume – 78.5%, with stabilization of tumor - no more than 58.4%.Conclusion:  The study of molecular-biological parameters of the tumor cells show the effectiveness of conducted neo-advent indo-arterial chemotherapy and play an important role in further treatment and prediction of disease.
Prevalence Of Sun Protection, Skin Self-Examination And Skin Cancer Screening Behaviours And Practices Among Medical Students in Tirana, Albania With Family History For Skin Cancer
Authors: Bilushi Yllka , Luci Rozeta , Kuneshka Loreta , Maliqari Numila
Published: October 2013

Introduction Cutaneous malignant melanoma prevalence, incidence and mortality rates are increasing in white populations worldwide more rapidly than any other cancer site (American Cancer Society, 2006). Despite the potential importance of regular skin self­examination and promotion of self­protection practices, little is known about the prevalence of these practices in medical students in Albanian population.Methods This is a descriptive, quantitative cross­sectional study. In this study were included a sample of 150 individuals chosen among the students of Faculty of Medicine based on their family history for skin cancer. This study was started on October the 3rd and finished on November the 12th. Subjects had to fill in a structured, self­administered questionnaire. All participants lived within Republic of Albania but at the time of the study were students in University of Tirana, Faculty of Medicine.Results In this study that we conducted we included 150 individuals supposed to have a risk for skin cancer based on their family history. 200 individuals were approached for participation. Of these, 150 individuals returned questionnaire data, yielding a response rate of 75% among eligible, successfully contacted participants. The mean age of the sample was20.05 years (Std. Dev. = 0.925), with males (22%) and females (78%) represented unequally, because the gender configuration of the faculty itself has gender disparities with more than 80% females and only 20% male students. The majority of the sample was born in city or town (85.3%), 14.7% was born in a village. In terms of income level, 79.3% of participants had a medium income family background, 15.3% high income and 5.3% had a low income level family background. Conclusion It is important for those individuals with family history for skin cancer (which inherently indicates risk for skin cancer) to develop self­examination and SSE behaviours and practices in order to have a protection and at least an early detection (if onset) of the different forms of Melanoma. The results of this study provide some guide as to the key areas or 'hot spots' on which to focus attention when designing supportive care interventions for melanoma survivors and those at high risk of skin cancer.
Political Idea And Investments Safety
Authors: Matutis Vaidotas
Published: October 2013

In this paper we discussing about the potential threats to the investments safety evaluation system, creating the model of the system analysis methods when a new political concept is raised in the country. Traditionally, as we already know that politic and economic are inextricably linked. We can easily assure in it using the historical overview of the political and economic interactions. So the question: how the investment safeties are depending from political environment when a new political concept is raised in the country? Become actual and important. The method assumptions suggested and discussed in this paper are made according to the summaries of public surveys and research results of sociologists, political scientists and psychologists of different countries. These summaries are made analyzing the survey and research results systematically and separately from the variety of their initial objectives. We construct the dimensional frame of references combining the time axes, government forms scale, ideology scale and call they Politological system of axis. It help to us show that if a new political concept is raised in the country, it will be supported and developed by the majority of society members only if its political-ideological essence is possible to show in the chosen politological frame of reference and the point are possible to mark in the area of the most typical structures of the statistical division of the society individuals’ approaches at the set point of time and the deviance of this concept is not forecast in the nearest future. The methods we are discussing provide the specialists with the opportunity to evaluate the possibilities of inside threats to the investments safety still in the political concept raising process and its political-ideological core. To summarize this discussion, we can make once more conclusion as following: the main threat to the investments safety after the new political concept raising is the prejudice of the social characters’ majority. Such graphic and many-sided reflection of the analyzed and summarized politological researches shows the perspective forecasts and assumptions of the formulated political and economical analytics.
The Inhibitory Role Of Natural Conditions In The Use Of Space And Regulation Of Rural Territories In The Region Of Gjirokastra In The Southern Of Albania
Authors: Sinani Albina
Published: October 2013

In rural area the impact of natural conditions on the use of space, production activities and ways of life is permanent and more sensitive than in urban space. The degree of impact depends on the particulars of building land, relief, climate, hydrographs, land, flora, fauna and level of development of society, which says the size and way of human intervention in the environment. As part of the Mediterranean space, Gjirokastra, with mountainous relief and climate caprices, is very exposed to the influence of natural factors.
New Evidence For The Environmental Kuznets Curve For Sulphur Dioxide Emissions: A Case Study Of The Czech Republic
Authors: Hercegová Katarína , Strielkowski Wadim
Published: October 2013

In this paper we test the model explaining the inter-dependence between the pollutants and the economic development in the Czech Republic. We calculate the relationship known as the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) by estimating the relationship between the environmental pollution expressed by CO2 and SO2 emissions per capita and the GDP per capita for the Czech Republic for the period from 1990 to 2009. Our findings reveal that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the Czech Republic holds in the case of estimating the inter-dependence between GDP per capita and sulphur dioxide.
The New Legal Regime on Minority Shareholder Protection in Albania
Authors: Rustemaj Jonida
Published: October 2013

This article aims at introducing the main changes brought by the new Albanian Company Law on minority shareholders’ protection. Due to the harmonization of our legislation with the acqui, new pieces of laws were introduced in commercial law. In 2008 the new law “On entrepreneurs and commercial companies” was enacted. The latter introduced new practices and concepts, some of them not familiar to the Albanian legal system. I was motivated to write a paper on minority shareholders protection in order to emphasize the new regime and instruments of protection granted by the new laws. A matter which concerns investors and especially foreign ones is the protection of minority shareholders. This paper discusses the instruments of protection of minority shareholders bringing the novelties of the newly introduced laws because of the unclear regime under the repealed law using the analytical and comparative method. Few rights which were known by the former Albanian company law were usually compromised, but under the law in force, minorities are much more protected.Does the new law strengthen the position of such category of shareholders? What are the rights of minority shareholders conferred by the law? These and other questions will be addressed herein.
Changes In The Main Production Characters Of Silkworm Hybrids During The Spring And Summer Fattening Of Silkworm Caterpillars In Hot Climate Of Uzbekistan
Authors: Umarov Shavkat
Published: October 2013

In the less favorable hydrothermal and fattening conditions of a summer silkworm nursery, the average indicators of cocoons and silk weight were observed as decreasing by 22.0 and 25.0% respectively, in comparison with the favorable conditions of the Spring season. The hybrids (a 'hybrid' pertaining to biology, is an animal or organism that is the result of the crossing-breeding of two different species or varieties) have been revealed, which are more suitable to the specific conditions of summer silkworm fattening. We have started tests focused on increasing the silk productivity of the silkworm by repeated fattening using nitrogen antiseptic sources.
Trends And Characteristics Of Innovation World And Russian Economy
Authors: Prigulnyy Andrey
Published: October 2013

Innovative development of Russia is explored in the article as a complex process that reflects the latest trends in the production, stockpiling and use of modern knowledge, priorities of scientific and technological development, changes in the structure and dynamics of the financing, development and implementation of innovative technologies in the public research centers, universities and private sector companies economy, formation of research and innovation policies aimed at making the research and preparation for the future of innovation sphere. The problem is to organize support the positive dynamics of the innovation process. The solution is possible based on the integration efforts of the Russian society to create a system of technological and socio-economic forecasting, select sources of funding long-term priorities of fundamental and applied science, education for constructive solutions to the problems facing Russia. In line with the above priorities, the author examined the key factors that characterize tendenuiyu accelerate the innovative development of the Russian economy: the global growth of knowledge-intensive production of gross domestic product, the priorities of the state scientific and technical policy of the most economically developed countries, strategies for high-tech business leaders.
The audio affect image: Five hermeneutic modalities of sound design
Authors: Filimowicz Michael
Published: October 2013

This article explores the hermeneutic dimension of sound design by conceptualizing five affective modalities that could be understood as interpretive pre-dispositions employed when creating sound–image relationships.
Una exploración al estudio de la violencia: el caso mexicano
Authors: Isnardo de la Cruz Pedro , Carreón Guillén Javier
Published: October 2013

El documento explora, desde la perspectiva sociológica, politológica y psicológica, el estado del arte en el estudio de la violencia, y aborda la estrategia gubernamental de México en su versión asociada al narcotráfico.