bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menggunakan Komik Sains dalam Mengajarkan Konsep Sistem Pencernaan pada Manusia
Authors: Damopolii Insar
Published: July 2018

Komik sains merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk mengajar konsep sains di dalam kelas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komik sains terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Yapis Manokwari dan SMP Negeri 15 Manokwari. Jenis penelitan adalah kuasi eskperimen menggunakan nonequivalent controp group design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 106 siswa. Kelas eksperimen sebanyak 53 siswa dan kelas kontrol sebanyak 53 siswa. Analsis data menggunakan Mann-Whitney Test pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig 0,000 (p < 0,05) yang menandakan terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan media pembelajan komik lebih tinggi hasil belajarnya dibandingkan dengan siswa yang diajarkan tanpa menggunakan media pembelajaran komik.
Sex differences in adolescent ethanol drinking to behavioral intoxication
Authors: Westbrook Sara Ruth , Kang Minsu , Sherrill Luke K. , O'Hearn Dylan , Krishnamani Tanya , Gulley Joshua Michael
Published: July 2018

Rodent models have been especially useful for investigating adolescent ethanol exposure. However, there is a paucity of studies examining sex differences in behavioral intoxication from adolescent ethanol drinking. Here, we used an ethanol drinking model to investigate if adolescent rats of both sexes readily drink ethanol to measurable behavioral intoxication, indicated by increased impulsive action and motor incoordination. Beginning on postnatal day (P) 28, male and female Long Evans rats were given 30-min access to a solution of sucrose (20%) or sweetened ethanol (20% sucrose + 15% ethanol) every other day until P60 and once after two weeks of forced abstinence (on P75). On alternate (non-drinking) days, rats were reinforced with a food pellet for making a cued nosepoke response. Beginning on P56, rats were tested in this task after drinking sessions to assess ethanol-induced changes in impulsive action, defined as premature responding prior to cue presentation. Motor coordination was assessed before and after drinking sessions using an incline plane test. Adolescent male and female rats readily consumed ethanol to behavioral intoxication, measured as reduced motor coordination. Following forced abstinence, females displayed greater ethanol-induced impulsive action. These studies provide evidence for sex differences in behavioral intoxication following adolescent ethanol drinking.
Relative prediction error and protection from attentional blink in human associative learning
Authors: Glautier Steven
Published: July 2018

The relationship between predictive learning and attentional processing was investigated in twoexperiments. During a learning procedure participants viewed rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP) of stimuli in the context of a choice-reaction-time (CRT) task. Salient stimuli in theRSVP streams were either predictive or non-predictive for the outcome of the CRT task.Following this procedure we measured attentional blink (AB) to the predictive and non-predictive stimuli. In Experiment 1, despite the use of a large sample and checks demonstratingthe validity of the learning procedure and the AB measure, we did not observe reduced AB forpredictive stimuli. In contrast, in Experiment 2, where the predictive stimuli occurred alongsidesalient non-predictive comparison stimuli, we did find less AB for predictive than for non-predictive stimuli. Our results support an attentional model of learning in which relativeprediction error is used to increase learning rates for good predictors and reduce learning ratesfor poor predictors (Mackintosh, 1975) and provide confirmation of the AB learning effectoriginally reported by Livesey, Harris, and Harris (2009).
Climate Change Helplessness and the (De)moralization of Individual Energy Behavior.
Authors: Salomon Erika , Preston Jesse , Tannenbaum Melanie B.
Published: July 2018

Although most people understand the threat of climate change, they do little to modify their own energy conservation behavior. One reason for this gap between belief and behavior may be that individual actions seem un-impactful and therefore are not morally relevant. This research investigates how climate change helplessness—belief that one’s actions cannot affect climate change—can undermine the moralization of climate change and personal energy conservation. In Study 1, climate change efficacy predicted both moralization of energy use and energy conservation intentions beyond individual belief in climate change. In Studies 2 and 3, participants read information about climate change that varied in efficacy message, that is, whether individual actions (e.g., using less water, turning down heat) make a difference in the environment. Participants who read that their behavior made no meaningful impact reported weaker moralization and intentions (Study 2), and reported more energy consumption one week later (Study 3). Moreover, effects on intentions and actions were mediated by changes in moralization. We discuss ways to improve climate change messages to foster environmental efficacy and moralization of personal energy use.
TRANSPARANSI KEUANGAN DALAM PUBLIK
Authors: muzikri alif
Published: July 2018

PREPRINT: ABSTRACTThis paper aims to examina the problems of state and local finance related to manageman control and accountability. A set of legislasion as a product of a legislative joint executive has been produced to organize ( managemen ) local finances, from planning, organizing, mobilizing and monitoring. there are stiil many shortcomings and mistakes. The root of the commitement of leaders and policy makers to implement the rules of legislation consistently. The economic and political motives in implementing state and local finance managemen are still the main sets of executive and legislative apparatus.ABSTRAKArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji permasalahan keuangan negara dan daerah berkaitan dengan pengendalian manajemen dan akuntabilitas. Seperangkat peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai produk dari eksekutif bersama legislatif telah dihasilkan untuk mengatur (manajemen) keuangan daerah, dari perencanaan, pengorganisasian, menggerakkan dan pengawasan. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dan kesalahan. Akar permasalahan pengelolaan keuangan negara dan daerah terletak pada komitmen pemimpin dan pengambil kebijakan untuk melaksanakan aturan perundang-undangan secara konsisten. Motif-motif ekonomi dan politis dalam melaksanakan pengelolaan suatu angaran dana keuangan negara dan daerah masih menjadi mainset aparatur eksekutif dan legislatif. Ada beberapa penjelasan yang dapat menerangkan mengapa transparansi keuangan lembaga publik sangat penting: Pertama, untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan. Pemerintah yang terbuka menyampaikan informasi keuangan kepada publik lebih dipercaya dibanding pemerintah yang relatif tertutup” Pemerintah yang tertutup dengan informasi keuangan dapat dinilai warga memiliki setumpuk rahasia penyelewengan keuangan
Dimming the “Halo” Around Monogamy: Re-assessing Stigma Surrounding Consensually Non-Monogamous Romantic Relationships as a Function of Personal Relationship Orientation
Authors: Balzarini Rhonda Nicole , Shumlich Erin , Kohut Taylor , Campbell Lorne
Published: July 2018

Previous research suggests that both monogamous and consensually non-monogamous (CNM) participants rate monogamous targets more positively. However, this pattern of stigma towards CNM relationships and the “halo effect” surrounding monogamy is at odds with the view that people typically favor members from their own groups over members of other groups. In the current research, we sought to re-examine the halo effect, using a more direct measure of stigma (i.e., desired social distance), in a methodological context that differentiates between the three most common types of CNM relationships. A convenience sample (N = 641) of individuals who self-identified as monogamous (n = 447), open (n = 80), polyamorous (n = 62), or swinger (n = 52) provided social distance ratings in response to these same relationship orientations in a counterbalanced order. Congruent with prior findings, CNM participants favored monogamous targets over CNM targets as a broad category (replicating the halo effect). However, results indicated this effect dissipated when participants were asked to differentiate between relationships they identify with, and other CNM relationships. Furthermore, supplementary findings suggest that monogamous targets were perceived to be the least promiscuous and were associated with the lowest perceived sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates, while swinger targets were perceived as the most promiscuous and were associated with the highest perceived STI rates. Consequently, our results imply social distance is partly attributable to the perception of STI risk, but not perceptions of promiscuity.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomoea reptans Poir)
Authors: Hariyadi Bambang Wicaksono
Published: July 2018

Kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh cepat dan merupakan salah satu sayuran khas daerah tropis. Tanaman ini merupakan sumber gizi yang relatif mudah pemeliharaannya serta cepat dapat diambil manfaatnya (Triana Kartika Santi, 2007). Menurut Mul Mulyani Sutejo (1995) dan Rukmana (2005), pupuk kandang (pupuk organik) dapat menambah tersedianya bahan makanan (unsur hara makro dan mikro) bagi tanaman. Dengan kata lain, pupuk kandang mempunyai kemampuan mengubah berbagai faktor dalam tanah, sehingga menjadi faktor-faktor yang menjamin kesuburan tanah. Pupuk kandang dianggap sebagai pupuk lengkap karena selain menimbulkan tersedianya unsur hara bagi tanaman, juga mengembangkan kehidupan jasad renik (mikroorganisme) di dalam tanah. Jasad renik sangat penting bagi kesuburan tanah karena sisa-sisa organ tanaman dapat diubah menjadi humus dan senyawa-senyawa tertentu disintesis oleh jasad renik menjadi bahan-bahan yang berguna bagi tanaman. Lebih lanjut Syekhfani (2000) menjelaskan bahwa pupuk organik (pupuk kompos maupun pupuk kandang) memiliki sifat alami dan tidak merusak tanah, menyediakan unsur hara nakro dan mikro juga berfungsi antara lain dapat meningkatkan daya menahan air, aktifitas mikrobiologi tanah, nilai kapasitas tukar kation serta memperbaiki struktur tanah. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana efektifitas pemberian pupuk organik kotoran sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari enam (6) perlakuan dengan tiga (3) ulangan. Adapun perlakuan tersebut antara lain :P0 = Tanpa Pupuk Organik (Kontrol); P1 = Pupuk Organik 10ton/Ha (10gr/tanaman atau 100gr/polybag); P2 = Pupuk Organik 20ton/Ha (20gr/tanaman atau 200gr/polybag); P3 = Pupuk Organik 30ton/Ha (30gr/tanaman atau 300gr/polybag); P4 = Pupuk Organik 40ton/Ha (40gr/tanaman atau 400gr/polybag); P5 = Pupuk Organik 50ton/Ha (50gr/tanaman atau 500gr/polybag).Kesimpulannya, bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah per tanaman dan berat basah tanaman per polybag pada tanaman Kangkung darat akibat pemberian pupuk organik kotoran sapi. Perlakuan pemberian dosis pupuk organik kotoran sapi 50 ton/Ha menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil maksimum, sedangkan untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil yang optimum (tepat guna dan menguntungkan) terhadap tanaman Kangkung Darat, ditunjukkan perlakuan pemberian dosis pupuk kotoran sapi 30 ton/Ha.
The relations of child adiposity with parent-to-child and parent-to-parent hostility
Authors: Lorber Michael F , White-Ajmani Mandi L. , Dixon Denise , Slep Amy M. Smith , Heyman Richard E.
Published: July 2018

Objective: Investigate (1) the association of child adiposity with parent-to-child and parent-to-parent hostility, (2) the mediation of these associations by dietary behaviours, and (3) moderation by gender. Design: One hundred thirty-five couples with 6- to 14-year-old children completed measures of emotional and physical aggression, overreactive discipline, and child diet. Parent-to-parent hostility was also coded from laboratory observations. Main Outcome Measure: Child adiposity was a combination of body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. Results: Mother-to-child hostility was associated with child adiposity. This association was concentrated in boys and was not significantly explained by child dietary factors. Mother-to-father hostility was not significantly associated with boys’ or girls’ adiposity. Girls’ adiposity was not significantly associated with family hostility. Fathers’ hostility was not linked to child adiposity. Conclusion: This is the first study to take a family-level approach to understanding the relation of hostility to child adiposity by examining relations among adiposity and both mothers’ and fathers’ hostility directed toward one another and toward their children. Our findings highlight the potential role played by mothers’ emotional hostility in boys’ adiposity and suggest that, if this role is further substantiated, mother-son emotional hostility may be a promising target for the prevention of child obesity.
AI Safety and Reproducibility: Establishing Robust Foundations for the Neuropsychology of Human Values
Authors: Sarma Gopal P. , Hay Nick J. , Safron Adam
Published: July 2018

We propose the creation of a systematic effort to identify and replicate key findings in neuroscience and allied fields related to understanding human values. Our aim is to ensure that research underpinning the value alignment problem of artificial intelligence has been sufficiently validated to play a role in the design of AI systems.
Individual Differences in Personality Change Across the Adult Lifespan
Authors: Schwaba Ted , Bleidorn Wiebke
Published: July 2018

Objective: A precise and comprehensive description of personality continuity and change across the lifespan is the bedrock upon which theories of personality development are built. Little research has quantified the degree to which individuals deviate from mean-level developmental trends. In this study, we addressed this gap by examining individual differences in personality trait change across the life span. Method: Data came from a nationally representative sample of 9,636 Dutch participants who provided Big Five self-reports at five assessment waves across 7 years. We divided our sample into fourteen age groups (ages 16-84 at initial measurement) and estimated latent growth curve models to describe individual differences in personality change across the study period for each trait and age group. Results: Across the adult lifespan, individual differences in personality change were small but significant until old age. For openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness, individual differences in change were most pronounced in emerging adulthood and decreased throughout midlife and old age. For emotional stability, individual differences in change were relatively consistent across the lifespan. Conclusions: These results inform theories of lifespan development and provide future directions for research on the causes and conditions of personality change.
Single-Cell C 4 Photosynthesis Versus the Dual-Cell (Kranz) Paradigm
Authors: Edwards Gerald E. , Franceschi Vincent R. , Voznesenskaya Elena V.
Published: July 2018

The efficiency of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in higher plantsfaces significant limitations due to the oxygenase activity of the enzyme Rubisco,particularly under warmer temperatures or water stress. A drop in atmospheric CO2and rise in O2 as early as 300 mya provided selective pressure for the evolution ofmechanisms to concentrate CO2 around Rubisco in order to minimize oxygenase activityand the resultant loss of carbon through photorespiration. It is well establishedthat a carbon-concentrating mechanism occurs in some terrestrial plants through theprocess of C4 photosynthesis. These plants are characterized as having Kranz-typeleaf anatomy, with two structurally and biochemically specialized photosynthetic celltypes, mesophyll and bundle sheath, that function coordinately in carbon assimilation.C4 photosynthesis has evolved independently many times with great diversity in formsof Kranz anatomy, structure of dimorphic chloroplasts, and biochemistry of the C4cycle. The most dramatic variants of C4 terrestrial plants were discovered recently intwo species, Bienertia cycloptera and Borszczowia aralocaspica (family Chenopodiaceae);each has novel compartmentation to accomplish C4 photosynthesis within asingle chlorenchyma cell. This review discusses the amazing diversity in C4 systems,how the essential features of C4 are accomplished in single-cell versus Kranz-type C4plants, and speculates on why single-cell C4 plants evolved.
X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) of pyrite-permineralized fruits and seeds from the London Clay Formation (Ypresian) conserved in silicone oil: a critical evaluation1
Authors: Collinson Margaret E. , Adams Neil F. , Manchester Steven R. , Stull Gregory W. , Herrera Fabiany , Smith Selena Y. , Andrew Mary J. , Kenrick Paul , Sykes Dan
Published: July 2018

Pyrite-permineralized fruits and seeds from the London Clay Formation (Ypresian, England) in the NHMUK are stored in silicone oil to retard decay processes. X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has revealed internal morphology for multiple holotypes (including severely cracked and encrusted specimens) scanned in the protective fluid. Silicone oil alone has a similar X-ray attenuation to parts of the specimens, causing minor uncertainty for digitally rendered surfaces, but key systematic characters are readily visualised. Further work is needed to optimise visualization of fine-scale cellular detail. Labelling and segmentation to visualise important structures is achievable with these micro-CT datasets. However, manual labelling of individual slices is required and defining boundaries between features can be difficult due to differential pyritization and silicone oil permeation. Digital sections through specimens can be made in any orientation and digital locule casts can be produced for studies in virtual taphonomy. These achievements have been accomplished with minimal risk to specimens, which remained in silicone oil and were studied within the museum. The datasets provide a potentially permanent record of at-risk specimens, can be made widely available to researchers unable to visit the collections and to other interested parties, and they enable monitoring for future conservation.
Маркетинг 3.0 в туристичному бізнесі
Authors: Туник Олександр Миколайович
Published: July 2018

Концепцію маркетингу 3.0 було вперше описано Філіпом Котлером спільно з іншими науковцями в книзі «Маркетинг 3.0. Від продуктів до споживачів і далі – до людської душі», в ній маркетинг розглядається як ера цінностей. На думку дослідників, підприємства мають розглядати людей не просто як споживачів, а як повноцінних людських істот, наділених думками, емоціями, душею. Зі свого боку взаємодія із споживачами спрямована на формування цінностей глобалізованого світу. В цьому контексті підприємства потребують формування місії, бачення (візії) і цінностей, які присвячені задоволенню важливих потреб людини в суспільній, економічній та екологічній сферах.
Integrative biological simulation praxis: Considerations from physics, philosophy, and data/model curation practices
Authors: Sarma Gopal P. , Faundez Victor
Published: July 2018

Integrative biological simulations have a varied and controversial history in the biological sciences. From computational models of organelles, cells, and simple organisms, to physiological models of tissues, organ systems, and ecosystems, a diverse array of biological systems have been the target of large-scale computational modeling efforts. Nonetheless, these research agendas have yet to prove decisively their value among the broader community of theoretical and experimental biologists. In this commentary, we examine a range of philosophical and practical issues relevant to understanding the potential of integrative simulations. We discuss the role of theory and modeling in different areas of physics and suggest that certain sub-disciplines of physics provide useful cultural analogies for imagining the future role of simulations in biological research. We examine philosophical issues related to modeling which consistently arise in discussions about integrative simulations and suggest a pragmatic viewpoint that balances a belief in philosophy with the recognition of the relative infancy of our state of philosophical understanding. Finally, we discuss community workflow and publication practices to allow research to be readily discoverable and amenable to incorporation into simulations. We argue that there are aligned incentives in widespread adoption of practices which will both advance the needs of integrative simulation efforts as well as other contemporary trends in the biological sciences, ranging from open science and data sharing to improving reproducibility.
New insights on real-world human face recognition
Authors: Devue Christel , Wride Annabelle , Grimshaw Gina M.
Published: July 2018

Humans are supposedly expert in face recognition. Because of limitations in existing research paradigms, little is known about how faces become familiar in the real world, or the mechanisms that distinguish good from poor recognisers. Here, we capitalised on several unique features of the television series Game of Thrones to develop a highly challenging test of face recognition that is ecologically grounded and yet controls for important factors that affect familiarity. We show that familiarisation with faces and reliable person identification require much more exposure than previously suggested. Recognition is impaired by the mere passage of time and simple changes in appearance, even for faces we have seen frequently. Good recognisers are distinguished not by the number of faces they recognise, but by their ability to reject novel faces as unfamiliar. Importantly, individuals with superior recognition abilities also forget faces and are not immune to identification errors.
Further evidence that psychopathology networks have limited replicability and utility: Response to Borsboom et al. (2017) and Steinley et al. (2017)
Authors: Forbes Miriam K. , Wright Aidan G.C. , Markon Kristian Eric , Krueger Robert
Published: July 2018

In our target article, we tested the replicability of four popular psychopathology network estimation methods that aim to reveal causal relationships among symptoms of mental illness. We started with the focal data set from the two foundational psychopathology network papers (i.e., the National Comorbidity Survey–Replication) and identified the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing as a close methodological match for comparison. We compared the psychopathology networks estimated in each dataset—as well as in ten sets of random split-halves within each dataset—with the goal of quantifying the replicability of the network parameters as they are interpreted in the extant psychopathology network literature. We concluded that current psychopathology network methods have limited replicability both within and between samples, and thus have limited utility. Here we respond to the two commentaries on our target article, concluding that Steinley, Hoffman, Brusco and Sher’s (2017) findings—along with other recent developments in the literature—provide further conclusive evidence that psychopathology networks have poor replicability and utility.
Development of User-Friendly Software to Design Dairy Heat Exchanger and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Mandal Dipankar
Published: July 2018

The paper proposes a calculation algorithm and development of a software in Visual Basic(Visual Studio 2012 Express Desktop) used in heat transfer studies when different heat exchangers are involved (e.g. Helical Type Triple Tube Heat Exchanger , Plate Type Heat Exchanger).It includes the easy calculation of heat transfer co-efficient and followed by the design and simulation of heat exchanger design parameter by inputting general known parameters of a heat exchanger into the developed software-DAIRY-HE. A parametric study is conducted using the software interface to determine the length of tubes or dimensions of heat exchanger.
Inductive reasoning about causally transmitted properties
Authors: Shafto Patrick , Kemp Charles , Bonawitz Elizabeth , Coley John , Tenenbaum Joshua
Published: July 2018

Different intuitive theories constrain and guide inferences in different contexts. Formalizing simple intuitive theories as probabilistic processes operating over structured representations, we present a new computational model of category-based induction about causally transmitted properties. A first experiment demonstrates undergraduates’ context-sensitive use of taxonomic and food web knowledge to guide reasoning about causal transmission and shows good qualitative agreement between model predictions and human inferences. A second experiment demonstrates strong quantitative and qualitative fits to inferences about a more complex artificial food web. A third experiment investigates human reasoning about complex novel food webs where species have known taxonomic relations. Results demonstrate a double-dissociation between the predictions of our causal model and a related taxonomic model (Kemp & Tenenbaum, 2003): the causal model predicts human inferences about diseases but not genes, while the taxonomic model predicts human inferences about genes but not diseases. We contrast our framework with previous models of category-based induction and previous formal instantiations of intuitive theories, and outline challenges in developing a complete model of context-sensitive reasoning.
Like trainer, like bot? Inheritance of bias in algorithmic content moderation
Authors: Binns Reuben , Veale Michael , Van Kleek Max , Shadbolt Nigel
Published: July 2018

The internet has become a central medium through which 'networked publics' express their opinions and engage in debate. Offensive comments and personal attacks can inhibit participation in these spaces. Automated content moderation aims to overcome this problem using machine learning classifiers trained on large corpora of texts manually annotated for offence. While such systems could help encourage more civil debate, they must navigate inherently normatively contestable boundaries, and are subject to the idiosyncratic norms of the human raters who provide the training data. An important objective for platforms implementing such measures might be to ensure that they are not unduly biased towards or against particular norms of offence. This paper provides some exploratory methods by which the normative biases of algorithmic content moderation systems can be measured, by way of a case study using an existing dataset of comments labelled for offence. We train classifiers on comments labelled by different demographic subsets (men and women) to understand how differences in conceptions of offence between these groups might affect the performance of the resulting models on various test sets. We conclude by discussing some of the ethical choices facing the implementers of algorithmic moderation systems, given various desired levels of diversity of viewpoints amongst discussion participants.
Safety and Security specifications in an AR Context-Aware Systems: A model based on Bigraphical Reactive System(BRS)
Authors: Khoshmanesh Seyedehzahra
Published: July 2018

In context-awareness, the system behaves appropriately in different contexts. While context can be user-role, process-task, location, time and device, awareness based on location and user activity have been studied deeply in this field. Usage of context awareness in AR application is obvious since the system can sense or detects the contexts and help users by augmenting the reality of preciseness. In this study, we focus to model a context-aware specification for an AR application. We selected Bigraphical reactive system to formalize them since it has a very powerful natural system, which can help us effectively reason and validate the behavior of context-aware systems. Since nonfunctional properties such as security are rarely investigated, and they are most demanding, we limit our investigation to only specifications related to safety and security. We will formalize the context awareness of an AR smart car and investigate whether the bigraphical reactive system can help us to better visualize, analyze and trace the safety/security requirements. We conclude that the BRS can formalize much possible safety/security scenario in an augmented reality application. However, the AR application switches to different situations a lot and make the model be complicated and difficult to trace.
Questions of Adaptation: Bessie Head's A Question of Power and Ingrid's Sinclair's Riches
Authors: Mboti Nyasha
Published: July 2018

Riches (2001) is a short film directed by Zimbabwean filmmaker Ingrid Sinclair. The film is about a fiercely independent coloured woman, Molly McBride. She is a single-mother who is exiled from South Africa on an exit permit, with her young son Peter, at the height of apartheid in the mid-1980s. Hoping to find peace and a sense of ‘home’ in neighbouring Zimbabwe, Molly settles and finds a job as a primary school teacher in the country side. Before long, however, Molly feels exiled in her new home. Struggling to fit in with the other teachers and with the larger community due to her liberated, ‘city woman’ ways,Molly survives by incessant writing in her journal, and by heavy drinking and smoking. She fights the onset of poverty and mental breakdown by befriending an ostracised old womanfrom the village. Sinclair’s film draws on Bessie Head’s life and work, and significantparallels can be observed between the film and Head’s autobiographical novel A Question ofPower (1974). This article examines Ingrid Sinclair’s short film as an adaptation. It arguesthat Riches not only draws on Bessie Head’s work, but also creatively re-imagines it.
Degrees of Difference: Gender Segregation of U.S. Doctorates by Field and Program Prestige
Authors: Weeden Kim A , Thèbaud Sarah , Gelbgiser Dafna
Published: July 2018

Women earn nearly half of doctoral degrees in research fields, yet doctoral education in the United States remains deeply segregated by gender. We argue that in addition to the oft-noted segregation of men and women by field of study, men and women may also be segregated across programs that differ in their prestige. Using data on all doctorates awarded in the United States from 2003 to 2014, field-specific program rankings, and field-level measures of math and verbal skills, we show that (1) "net" field segregation is very high and strongly associated with field-level math skills; (2) "net" prestige segregation is weaker than field segregation but still a nontrivial form of segregation in doctoral education; (3) women are underrepresented among graduates of the highest-prestige programs, and to a lesser extent, the lowest-prestige programs; and (4) the strength and pattern of prestige segregation varies substantially across fields, but little of this variation is associated with field skills.
Automated clinical computational biology: an interpretable machine learning framework to predict disease severity and stratify patients from clinical data
Authors: banerjee soumya
Published: July 2018

We outline an automated computational and machine learning framework that predicts disease severity andstratifies patients. We apply our framework to available clinical data. Our algorithm automatically generatesinsights and predicts disease severity with minimal operator intervention. The computational frameworkpresented here can be used to stratify patients, predict disease severity and propose novel biomarkers fordisease. Insights from machine learning algorithms coupled with clinical data may help guide therapy,personalize treatment and help clinicians understand the change in disease over time. Computationaltechniques like these can be used in translational medicine in close collaboration with clinicians and healthcareproviders. Our models are also interpretable, allowing clinicians with minimal machine learning experience toengage in model building. This work is a step towards automated machine learning in the clinic.
Маркетингова діяльність туристичної компанії «Аккорд-Тур»
Authors: Туник Олександр Миколайович
Published: July 2018

Туризм, вельми перспективна сфера економічної діяльності в усьому світі, останнім часом активно набирає обертів і в Україні. Про це свідчить, зокрема, швидке зростання чисельності туристичних агенцій. В туристичній галузі сформувалися власні, специфічні інструменти й прийоми маркетингової діяльності; розглянемо їх застосування на прикладі однієї з відомих у місті Львові туристичних компаній – ТОВ «Аккорд-тур».
STRATEGI DAN MEDIA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Batubara Hamdan Husein
Published: July 2018

Indonesia: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri strategi dan media pendidikan karakter menurut AlQuran dan ilmu pendidikan Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka, yakni mengumpulkan data atau informasi dari berbagai sumber. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode tafsir tematik, yaitu dengan menelusuri dan menafsirkan ayat-ayat Alquran dan pemikiran pendidikan Islam yang sesuai.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakter tidak jujur menyebabkan kekufuran, kemunafikan, menyulitkan rezeki, mengundang permusuhan, tindakan tidak bermoral, hukuman dan kutukan Allah dan Manusia. Penyebab kebohongan adalah kelemahan iman, dorongan nafsu, sifat arogan dan takut kemiskinan. Strategi untuk mencegah kebohongan adalah: 1) memperkuat iman, 2) memberikan pemahaman yang baik kepada anak tentang kebohongan, 3) memberi contoh, 4) hubungan yang terbuka, dan 5) tidak memberikan hukuman yang berlebihan. Media pendidikan karakter adalah: 1) kotak kejujuran, 2) buku kontak prestasi, dan 3) kantin kejujuran.English:This article aims to explore strategies and media of characters education based on the Quran and Islamic education. The method is a research library which collected data or information from sources.Data analysis techniques used thematic interpretationmethods, by searching and interpreting verses of the Quran and Islamic education ideas. The results of this study indicate that the characters dishonest causes kufr, hypocrisy, complicate sustenance, invites hostility, immoral act and the punishment and curse of Allah Swt and Human. The cause lies is the weakness of faith, encouragement lust, arrogant nature and fear of poverty. The Strategies to prevent lie are: 1) strengthening the faith, 2) providing a good understanding to the child about the lies, 3) set the example, 4) a relationship that is open, and 5) no excessive punishment. Media of character education are: 1) an honesty box, 2) a book of achievements contact, and 3) an honesty canteen.
Who is South African?
Authors: Mboti Nyasha
Published: July 2018

In 2012 flame-grilled chicken company, Nando’s, released a 52-second advert showing people of various races and ethnicities vaporising into thin air, one after the other, leaving a lone San Bushman in a "xai" who declares: ‘I’m not going anywhere. You f*#@ng found us here.’ Broadcasters SABC, DStv and etv initially banned the advert, citing fears of a xenophobic backlash. In 1996, former South African president, Thabo Mbeki, who was deputy president at the time, delivered what has become known as the ‘I am an African’ speech at the adoption of the South Africa Constitution Bill. In the speech Mbeki appears to codify ‘Africanness’ into a consciousness not just of history, but a shared history. The conceptual reach of his speech seems to imply that everyone who may share South Africa’s history is somehow South African and African. This article argues that the Mbeki speech and the Nando’s advert, taken together, draw attention to the simultaneous richness and poverty of citizenship in South Africa, and the potential benefits and contradictions of claiming citizenship in the sense preferred by these texts. The context is supplied by a sampling of 22 randomly selected online comments centering on the censored advert.
Validation of Methods for Computational Catalyst Design: Geometries, Structures, and Energies of Neutral and Charged Silver Clusters
Authors: Duanmu Kaining , Truhlar Donald G.
Published: July 2018

We report a systematic study of small silver clusters, neutral, cationic, and anionic, with 1 to 7 atoms. We studied all possible isomers of clusters with 5−7 atoms. We tested 42 exchange−correlation functionals, and we assess these functionals for their accuracy in three respects: geometries (quantitative prediction of internuclear distances), structures (the nature of the lowest-energy structure, for example, whether it is planar or nonplanar), and energies. We find that the ingredients of exchange−correlation functionals are indicators of their success in predicting geometries and structures: local exchange−correlation functionals are generally better than hybrid functionals for geometries; functionals depending on kinetic energy density are the best for predicting the lowest-energy isomer correctly, especially for predicting two-dimensional to threedimenstional transitions correctly. The accuracy for energies is less sensitive to the ingredient list. Our findings could be useful for guiding the selection of methods for computational catalyst design.
Toloong ... Airku Kuning!
Authors: Cahyana Gede H
Published: July 2018

Dua mineral ini dibahas khusus karena paling sering menimbulkan masalah di rumah tangga dan PDAM. Besi dan mangan dalam air secara alami selalu bersama-sama, menimbulkan masalah yang sama dan metode pengolahannya juga sama. Keduanya juga menghasilkan bau dan rasa yang khas pada air minum. Lebih banyak bermasalah dari sisi estetikanya saja, belum ditemukan masalah kesehatan kalau berlebih kadarnya. WHO mengizinkan kadar maksimum besi 0,3 mg/l dan Mn = 0,1 mg/l. Angka ini lantas diadopsi oleh pemerintah kita dan ditampilkan dalam keputusan Menteri Kesehatan di atas dengan judul Syarat-Syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air Minum.
The Developmental Trajectories of Calling: Predictors and Outcomes
Authors: Vianello Michelangelo , Galliani Elisa Maria , Dalla Rosa Anna , Anselmi Pasquale
Published: July 2018

There are many open questions on the development of calling, and longitudinal empirical evidence is limited. We know that a calling is associated with many beneficial outcomes, but we do not know how it changes through time and what predicts these changes. Previous studies showed that calling is relatively stable at the sample level. We show that, at the individual level, calling shows huge variations through time. We identified nine developmental trajectories that are typical across facets of calling, and found evidence that the development of a calling is fostered by the extent to which individuals have lived it out. We also observed that the more a calling has grown over two years, the more it is lived out during the third year. These results provide support for a developmental model of calling according to which having a calling and living it out reciprocally influence each other. The practical and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
China's Rural Migrant Workers, the State, and Labor Politics
Authors: Chan Jenny , Selden Mark
Published: July 2018

The proletarianization of rural migrants is distinctive to contemporary China's development model, in which the state has fostered the growth of a “semi-proletariat” numbering more than 200 million to fuel labor-intensive industries and urbanization. Drawing on fieldwork in Guangdong and Sichuan provinces between 2010 and 2014, supplemented with scholarly studies and government surveys, the authors analyze the precarity and the individual and collective struggles of a new generation of rural migrant workers. They present an analysis of high and growing levels of labor conflict at a time when the previous domination of state enterprises has given way to the predominance of migrant workers as the core of an expanding industrial labor force. In particular, the authors assess the significance of the growing number of legal and extra-legal actions taken by workers within a framework that highlights the deep contradictions among labor, capital, and the Chinese state. They also discuss the impact of demographic changes and geographic shifts of population and production on the growth of working-class power in the workplace and the marketplace.
Hotels and Restaurant Tax Revenues Management
Authors: Tinri M. Darwis Nur
Published: July 2018

These researched to discuss about accountability of management administrative of hotel and restaurant taxes revenue in Makassar City. The problem of research were how the revenue of hotel and restaurant taxes, how the accountability of administrative on local revenue offices and how the management of hotel and restaurant taxes revenue. These researched aims to description of revenue of hotel and restaurant taxes, analyzed the accountability of administrative on local revenue offices and to explain the management of hotel and restaurant taxes revenue. The result of researched to founded that the revenue of hotel and restaurant taxes in annual the realization to be increased , but the realization it still less contribution for local income . These meaning that still there subject/object of hotel and restaurant taxes which not payment, not registration and to be passive taxes in local revenue offices. The attempt of improved the administration of hotel and restaurant taxes with applied accountability of administration through MITRA function and 5C approaches to implementation of administration activity which trust and accountable in management of hotel and restaurant taxes in local revenue offices. The management of hotel and restaurant taxes revenue have applied suitable with management function with “Mix Accountability of Administration Model" as the solution in administration of hotel and restaurant taxes which have trust and accountable to increased the realization of tax revenue and contribution toward regional income of Makassar City
Collective Emotions
Authors: Goldenberg Amit , Garcia David , Halperin Eran , Gross James
Published: July 2018

When analyzing situations in which multiple people are experiencing emotions together – whether the emotions are positive or negative, and whether the situations are online or offline – we are intuitively drawn to the emotions of each individual in the situation. However, this type of analysis often seems incomplete. In many of the cases in which people experience emotions together, there appear to be emergent macro-level affective processes that cannot be readily captured at the individual level. This paper examines these macro-level affective phenomena, termed collective emotions. We open with a general review of research on collective psychological processes. We then define collective emotions and discuss their key features. Next, we focus our attention on the emergent properties of collective emotions and map them using three dimensions: quality, magnitude, and time course. Finally, we discuss pressing open questions and future directions.
EFEKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONA ANTARA GURU DAN SISWA DALAM PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR DI SMK NEGERI 7 AMBON
Authors: Muskita Marleen
Published: July 2018

Efektivitas komunikasi interpersona antara guru dan siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar di SMK Negeri 7 ambon merupakan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas komunikasi interpersona guru dan siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar di SMK Negeri 7 Ambon. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus. Dari hasil penelitian ini dilihat bahwa siswa kadang tidak mengerti materi yang diberikan oleh guru dan kesulitan dalam membuat tugas karena cara penyampaian materi oleh guru dianggap kurang jelas oleh siswa. Dan kedekatan secara pribadi antara siswa dan guru, sehingga juga mempengaruhi proses belajar mengajar di kelas.
Rule Based Reasoning Method for Safety Room by Means of Temperature Sensor and Motion Detector
Authors: mufadhol mufadhol
Published: July 2018

Theft and infiltration as well as robbery are an incident that should be anticipated. The security of the room is a main priority to prevent such occurrences. This paper will be explain how to the rule based reasoning method is part of the expert system that can be used in a security room systems by monitoring the temperature change in the room as well as detecting movement in the room by using the temperature sensor and motion detector. The output indicators is the buzzer sounds that will be activated when there is an increase in the temperature and/or there is a movement in the room.
Notification as a mean to increase user activity in newborn online communities.
Authors: Fuks Ezra , Brima David S.
Published: July 2018

There is a considerable challenge in getting online communities of the ground; founders of such platforms employ many strategies to manage this issue and go over the tipping point; this study examines the influence of notifications on user activity in general, and in context of admin activity. An online platform for co-creation of playlists called Echo was studied; Both classical statistic and network analysis was employed in order to establish the relationship between these variables and the structure of the network. A weak to moderate relationship was found, while the main carriers of activity were admin users, as key carriers of user engagement in the early days of Echo.
Citizenship and Educational Attainment amongst the Second Generation: An Analysis of Children of Immigrants in Finland
Authors: Kilpi-Jakonen Elina
Published: July 2018

Citizenship acquisition is often viewed as an indicator of immigrant integration as well as an event that spurs integration further. Relatively little is know about the relationship between citizenship and integration for children of immigrants. This article examines the relationship between citizenship and educational attainment at approximately age 16 in Finland using register data. Results suggest that children of immigrants who are Finnish citizens have better educational outcomes than non-citizens, measured with three indicators of educational attainment. However, the Finnish citizens come from families with higher levels of educational and economic resources than non-citizens and this explains much of the relationship between citizenship and education. After controlling for intervening variables, second generation students with Finnish citizenship are found to be more likely to choose general rather than vocational upper secondary education compared to their peers who have another citizenship. It is argued that this reflects a difference in educational attitudes between the two groups.
Pertanian Terpadu Sari Ayu Damayanti
Authors: Panggabean Agnesia
Published: July 2018

Sistem pertanian terpadu merupakan satu sistem yang menggunakan ulang dan mendaur ulang menggunakan tanaman dan hewan sebagai mitra, menciptakan suatu ekosistem yang meniru cara alam bekerja.