bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Republika Federalna Niemiec wobec państw Partnerstwa Wschodniego w kontekście niemieckiej polityki wschodniej w XXI wieku. Implikacje dla Polski
Authors: Garczewski Krzysztof
Published: October 2020

This article presents the relationships of the Federal Republic of Germany with six countries that joined the Eastern Partnership programme: Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. It also contains an analysis of the German Federal Government’s approach towards the Eastern Partnership project, which was initiated by Poland with the support of Sweden. The author takes account of the implications for Poland of Germany’s policy in this region.
Miejsce i rola Federacji Rosyjskiej w austriackiej „polityce wschodniej”
Authors: Garczewski Krzysztof
Published: October 2020

The article analyses the attitude of the Republic of Austria towards the Russian Federation in the context of the contemporary ‘eastern policy’ pursued by this central European state. It focuses on events following Russia’s annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of war in eastern Ukraine in 2014. In recent years, Vienna has tried to play the role of an intermediary in talks between Moscow and Kiev. Despite the confrontational attitude of Russia in eastern Europe, the Austrian government undertook a number of activities to further deepen relations with Russia, considering mainly economic issues. However, these actions have contributed to the weakening of the European Union’s common foreign and security policy. The article also draws attention to the positions of the main political parties towards Russia, primarily in the context of the elections to the National Council, which took place in October 2017. The author also indicates the controversial activities of members of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ), who formed a government coalition at federal level with politicians from the Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP), which was also important in the context of the relationship between Vienna and Moscow. He shows the most important differences and similarities between the Austrian and German ‘eastern policies’.
„Mit założycielski” polityki zagranicznej Rosji
Authors: Kupiecki Robert
Published: October 2020

The breach of commitments happen in international relations, sometimes followed by national narratives of betrayal, created and used as tools of foreign policy and domestic legitimisation. In this kind of narratives, the context, truth, disinformation, emotions and deliberate intents are of equal value for their content. This is how the modern myth of ‘Western betrayal’ – developed by Moscow after the end of the Cold War on the susceptible grounds of Russian and Soviet political tradition – should be understood. It has been the most persistent component of Russian information warfare against NATO and the key argument explaining its foreign policy actions. They are interpreted abroad as aggression, violation of international law or undermining the principles of international order, while domestically being portrayed as driven by purely defensive logic of the state surrounded by enemies responsible for the refusal to recognise Russia’s legitimate rights. This narrative also serves to consolidate Russian society around the state’s leadership.
Izrael i Jordania – dwadzieścia pięć lat po traktacie pokojowym
Authors: Zielińska Karolina
Published: October 2020

Twenty-five years after the conclusion of the peace treaty, Israel and Jordan are bound by security partnership and limited economic cooperation. People-to-people relations remain problematic. State-to-nation imbalance occurring on both sides of the relationship has undermined the achievements of the cooperation so far, and the uncertainty regarding the American politics in the region intensifies tensions which grow due to the deadlock in the Israeli-Palestinian relations. The role of the United States as a hegemon guaranteeing the state of ‘cold’ peace is decreasing and this, in turn, activates the diplomacy of states comprising the region as well as other world powers. Finding a satisfactory solution to the Palestinian question conditions the implementation of regional cooperation projects, which are a necessary answer to the new trans-border challenges, such as those related to climate change, that influence the internal stability of the states and the state of peace in the region.
Gdy Europa choruje, Rosja nie jest lekarstwem
Authors: Menkiszak Marek
Published: October 2020

In the face of a new serious crisis in Europe caused by the coronavirus pandemic, Russia has taken an ambiguous position. On the one hand, it was spreading fake news and, on the other hand, it was providing Italy with symbolic support. Russia’s immediate goal was to persuade the European Union (EU) to reduce or lift sanctions. The new situation provides a new argument to those participants of the European debate who are in favour of normalisation and even reset of relations with Russia. Among them, the voice of France is particularly clear since its President Emanuel Macron has taken up the initiative to build the ‘architecture of trust and security’ with Russia. These proposals, which are now quite vague, are based on questionable  assumptions and deepen divisions in Europe and the crisis in transatlantic relations. By rising Moscow’s hopes for some form of (geo)political bargain, they in fact encourage Russia to continue its aggressive policy towards its European neighbours. An alternative approach based on several principles is needed in the debate on EU policy towards Russia: developing all five Mogherini’s points; maintaining sanctions against Russia until the reasons for their introduction cease to exist; symmetry of commitments and benefits related to limited cooperation with Russia; inviolability of key interests, security and sovereignty of EU and NATO member and partner states; and balancing the dialogue with the Russian authorities by supporting Russian civil society. Europe can survive without Russia but Russia cannot survive without Europe, which is why European policy needs consistency and strategic patience.
Polska we współczesnej polityce historycznej Białorusi
Authors: Kościński Piotr
Published: October 2020

In Eastern European countries, history plays an important role for social and political reasons. In Belarus, it is used instrumentally, and recent attempts to demonstrate the negative impact of Poland and Poles on the country’s history may, although not necessarily, be used in current political activities. The government and President Alexander Lukashenko treat the historical picture of the history of their country in relations with Poland as a derivative of the basic assumption: the first Belarusian state was the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR), which they assess positively, just like (with various reservations) the entire Soviet Union. The positive assessment of the USSR and the Belarusian SSR creates an ideological basis for strengthening their power inside the country and building positive assessments of today’s Russia and cooperation with Russia.
W cieniu GUŁagu. Narracja o represjach w Federacji Rosyjskiej w perspektywie współczesnej
Authors: Lachowicz Magdalena
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyse the change in the policy of the Russian authorities regarding the assessment of Stalinist repression and its effectiveness in Russian society. There are two dominant processes: on the one hand, repression is commemorated in public space and, on the other hand, compromising issues from the Stalinist period disappear from public debate and public awareness. The historical debate in Russia has been limited by changes in Russian law. While the percentage of people considering Stalinist repression to have been a historical necessity has increased, the number of those who recognise the state’s responsibility for carrying out mass political repression has decreased. There have been changes in historical policy and in institutions responsible for the narrative of repression. Therefore, the role of non-profit and non-governmental organisations in conducting research and projects popularising the truth about political repression in the former USSR has increased.
Pamięć niezakończonej wojny. Konflikt i kształtowanie wspólnoty etnopolitycznej w Górskim Karabachu
Authors: Krzysztan Bartłomiej
Published: October 2020

The ethno-political conflict and riots in the South Caucasus, followed by the regular Armenian-Azerbaijani war, constitute the most violent episodes during the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In the light of legal and institutional conditions, the conflict remains open as the Bishkek Protocol signed in May 1994 formally constitutes only a ceasefire. As a consequence of its signing, Nagorno-Karabakh’s territory in fact remains an independent state that is not recognised internationally. The permanent state of emergency has a decisive impact on the current relations of Armenia and Azerbaijan, but also on the symbolic and political dynamics of transformations occurring in the ethno-political community in the quasi-state. Using ethnographic material collected during field studies conducted over several years, the article attempts to answer the question of how memorial sites devoted to the conflict shape the ethno-political community of Nagorno-Karabakh. Through the exploratory study of this case, in a broader context, I examine the potential of applying the transdisciplinary paradigm of memory research in the analysis of transformations of ethno-political communities in, de facto, independent, non-recognised or partially internationally recognised quasi-states.
Jednomandatowe okręgi wyborcze a jakość reprezentacji. Przykład zastosowania jakościowej analizy porównawczej
Authors: Lyubashenko Igor , Żerkowska-Balas Marta
Published: October 2020

This article attempts to make an empirical verification of the impact the electoral law on shaping the expectations of voters towards elected representatives. The analysis was conducted using data collected under the project entitled ‘The impact of electoral rules on the quality of local democracy in Poland’, whose fundamental premise was to take advantage of the situation arising after the amendment to the Electoral Code in 2011, as a result of which different electoral regulations were in force in the 2014 local government elections in various similar cities. Therefore, it was possible to verify a number of statements functioning in public space regarding issues, such as the positive impact of single-mandate constituencies on the quality of democracy (in particular, on the quality of democracy at the local level).The purpose of the analysis was to try to find regularities in changes in perceiving the role of councillors that may have occurred as a result of different electoral regulations. To this end, we used the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) methodology, which allows the study of relationships between sets and the interpretation of these relationships in terms of necessity and sufficiency.The results suggest that the introduction of the majority system in a number of cities in the 2014 local government elections did not lead to the formation of a coherent model of political representation at the city council level, which would be qualitatively different from the representation model characteristic for cities with a proportional electoral system.
Narwa-Iwangorod – dwie dusze tego samego miasta
Authors: Szewczenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2020

From 1612 to 1990, the Estonian Narva and the Russian Ivangorod not only belonged to the same countries (at different times they were Sweden, Russia, Estonia and the Soviet Union), but they also were one city. The situation changed after the collapse of the Soviet Union and today, with each passing year, the differences between Narva and Ivangorod are becoming deeper and deeper. In this article, the author makes a short introduction to the history of Narva and Ivangorod and analyses the current political, economic and cultural situation in both cities. Narva is particularly important for Estonia’s political life because it has the largest Russian-speaking population in the country. Therefore, after Russia’s occupation of Crimea and the beginning of the Russian aggression in Donbas, Narva has been perceived as the city that may be most threatened by Russian infl uence in Estonia. On the other hand, the Russian authorities consider the surprising difference in economic and infrastructural development between the two cities to be the inconvenient propaganda of the European model of liberal democracy. The author describes how both countries cope with this situation and how ordinary residents of the Estonian Narva and Russian Ivangorod cope with these great political games.
Podwójna izolacja jako determinanta rozwoju społeczno-ekonomicznego małych państw wyspiarskich Globalnego Południa
Authors: Jasiński Michał
Published: October 2020

The aim of the article is to describe the development problems of Small Island Developing States (SIDS). This group is characterised by a specific vulnerability, resulting from geographical features, such as such as: small size, limited natural resources, isolation and natural disasters. They determine the narrow specialisation and marginal importance of these economies in international trade.The unfavourable geographical location is considered to be the most important obstacle to development in the case of SIDS. For the purposes of these considerations, they are identified with a significant distance from the main centres of socio-economic life (continents) – ‘economic distance’ which the author identifies with the concepts of isolation and solitude. Then two forms of SIDS isolation are adopted: external isolation (from external markets) and internal isolation. In the second case, two forms are additionally distinguished: simple and complex.This classification, in combination with the outlined basic models (development paths) characteristic of SIDS (MIRAB, SITE, PROFIT), has made it possible to answer the two research questions. Firstly, it has been found that in general the type (degree) of isolation signifi cantly determines the current level of the socio-economic development of the analysed small island states. Secondly, countries characterised by the so-called double insulation still remain at a particular disadvantage. In the latter case, however, one should take account of the fact that ‘the world is shrinking’ and insulation is ‘variable with time’. The fact that these countries joined the world market late (for example, the tourist market) may be an advantage for them as shown by the examples of such SIDS as Palau, Maldives or Seychelles, among others.
Borneo – trudna przeszłość, poplątane tożsamości. Indonezyjsko-malajska konfrontacja 1963–1966
Authors: Połosak Andrzej
Published: October 2020

Borneo, the largest of the Sunda Islands, was already divided during the colonial period. Its southern part belonged to the Dutch East Indies. To the north, there were the territories of North Kalimantan, part of the British Federation of Malaya. The President of the Republic of Indonesia, Ahmed Sukarno, supported anti-colonial movements around the world. Moreover, in 1962, Indonesia launched a military operation that attached West Irian, a Dutch overseas territory in the eastern tip of New Guinea. This operation gained international support.When Great Britain revised its Far East policy in the late 1950s, London gave independence to the Federation of Malaya, known as Malaysia since that time. From then on, the country was part of the Commonwealth of Nations. President Sukarno, remembering the success of the 1962 operation, considered newly established Malaysia to be only a new incarnation of English colonial politics. In April 1963, Jakarta began invading northern Borneo to annex these lands to Indonesia. The invasion met with strong resistance from the Commonwealth of Nations. After three years of struggle, the territorial status quo from before the conflict was re-established. The invasion and its high costs shook President Sukarno’s position. As a result, he was overthrown by General Suharto and the previously pursued policy of supporting anti-colonialism ended, although Indonesia remained a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, one of whose spiritual fathers was Ahmed Sukarno.
AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC SECTOR – METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: BOGDANOVA Margarita , PARASHKEVOVA Evelina , STOYANOVA Mariela
Published: October 2020

One of the current approaches to improving business organizations is agile project management. It emerged in the software industry in 2001, but gradually entered other, non-software industries. However, the transfer of the approach to the public sector requires a specific transformation of the agile methodology, insofar as the two sectors are radically different. The public sector is predetermined by regulations, insufficiently oriented towards service users, bureaucratized and hierarchically organized. All this is a barrier to agile project management that aims at providing project team autonomy, frequent and honest feedback to clients and other stakeholders, flexibility of project scope, etc. The aim of the article is to present a conception of a methodology for agile project management in the public sector and to discuss the issues related to its implementation in governmental organizations.
CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF BUDGET DECENTRALIZATION STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors: CHIMSHIT Sergey , GOLOVKOVA Liudmila , GRABOVSKII Ihor , YAKYMOVA Alla
Published: October 2020

The main strategic task of modernizing the system of public administration and territorial structure of power should be the creation of effective local selfgovernment, creating comfortable living conditions for citizens, providing them with high quality and affordable public services. Economically active businesses, a sufficient number of skilled workers, developed industrial and social infrastructure are the basis for successful community development. The society still lacks effective financial mechanisms to motivate local governments to the effectiveness of decisions on socio-economic territorial development. Given this, the article analyses the current financial problems of decentralization in Ukraine, the impact of national economic development and budget policy on the financial capabilities of local governments. Conceptual directions and resources for increasing the financial independence of the regions have been identified. It is established that the main result of the budget decentralization reform should be not so much more efficient allocation and redistribution of community financial resources, as greater interest and capacity of local governments to increase local budget revenues, find reserves, and improve the efficiency of tax administration and fees. Local self-governments must make decisions based on the following cause-andeffect relationship: the availability of sufficient resources in local budgets is a consequence of the level of economic activity in the region.
CREATING THE GROWTH POTENTIAL OF GLOBAL CITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: SARKISIAN Larysa
Published: October 2020

The peculiarities of the development of global cities and their role in the development of the world economy are considered. The trends of economic development of global cities is analysed and the main industries towards which investments are directed are identified. It is noted that innovations play a leading role in increasing competitiveness and establishing a sustainable economic and social system. Particular attention is paid to technologies that determine the sectoral and territorial structure of cities, including artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain and 5G. The digital strategies of global cities are studied, which, despite different structure and priorities, set general principles for the development of the information technology and telecommunications sector and the implementation of its results in economic and social processes (government, infrastructure, technology parks, etc.). It is established that global cities should adhere to the developed strategy of digital transformation in determining the digital priorities. It is substantiated that the development of digital infrastructure is the basis for the creation of growth potential of global cities.
The Economic Conditions of the Arabs of Palestine during the Second World War 1939 - 1945
Authors: Al Rashed Maha
Published: October 2020

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى إلقاء الضوء على الأحوال الاقتصادية في فلسطين، ومدى تأثرها بظروف الحرب العالمية الثانية في الفترة من 1939 إلى 1945. والثابت أنّ فلسطين منذ صدور وعد بلفور عام1917م مرت بتطورات سياسية انعكست على أوجه الحياة فيها، فقد أخذت المقاومة الفلسطينية للانتداب والصهيونيه تتصاعد من احتجاج، إلى تأسيس أحزاب سياسية، ثم تطورت إلى حركات مسلحة. كانت الثورة الفلسطينية الكبرى التي انفجرت عام 1936 أكبر الأحداث المحلية التي حدثت في فلسطين، فهي ثورة شاملة استمرت ثلاث سنوات، ولم تلفظ أنفاسها الأخيرة إلا بعد أن اشتعلت الحرب العالمية في الأول من سبتمبر1939. وقد تركت هذه الثورة بصماتها الواضحة على أوجه الحياة المختلفة؛ لأنّ قطاعات المجتمع بفئاتها كافة شاركت في نشاطها، وعندما توقفت الثورة كانت الأوضاع الداخلية في فلسطين في أسوأ حال لذا التفت عرب فلسطين إلى أنفسهم، وحاولوا النهوض بأحوالهم، والعمل على تحسينها اقتصاديا في ظل ظروف محلية وعالمية صعبة.
The Conspiracy Crime against State Security in both the Jordanian and Emirati Legislations: An Analytic Study
Authors: Al-Nawayseh Abdulellah
Published: October 2020

من المبادئ الأساسية لسياسة التجريم الجزائي، ألا يعاقب المشرع الجزائي إلا على السلوك الخارجي المحسوس الذي يتمثل بأفعال مادية تبرز إلى حيز الوجود، فلا يجوز أن يصل التجريم إلى الأفكار والنوايا مهما بلغت من الخطورة والانحراف، وكيفما كانت عزيمة أصحابها وتصميمهم على تنفيذها، حتى لو اعترف بها الشخص ذاته أو كشف عنها مادام لم يفعل شيئاً في سبيل تنفيذها، لذا فلا عقوبة على مجرد التفكير في الجريمة أو التحضير أو التصميم على ارتكابها. غير أن المشرع الجزائي خرج عن هذا المبدأ فيما يتعلق في الجرائم الواقعة على أمن الدولة، رغبة منه في إبعاد الخطر الذي يهدد شخصية الدولة وكيانها ومؤسساتها حتى لو أن عمل الجناة مازال في إطار التفكير أو التصميم أو التحضير لارتكابها، فعاقب على المؤامرة على أمن الدولة وهي لا تعدو عن كونها اتفاق بين أكثر من شخص على ارتكاب جريمة من جرائم أمن الدولة. وعليه، نعرض في هذا البحث سياسة المشرعين الأردني والإماراتي في تنظيم أحكام جريمة المؤامرة.
Ellipsis and its Impact on the Interpretation of Quranic Texts in Al-Farra’s Book “Ma’ani Al-Quran”
Authors: Jabali Hamdi
Published: October 2020

لَقَدْ بَدَا جَلِيًّا، فِي أَثْنَاءِ نِقَاشِ مَسَائِلِ هَذِهِ الدِّرَاسَةِ، وَأقسام مَبَاحِثِهَا مِمَّا اتَّصَلَ بِالنَّصِّ القُرْآنِيِّ؛ أَنَّ لِعِلَّةِ الاكْتِفَاءِ أَثَرًا وَاضِحًا لَدَى الفَرَّاءِ فِي تَوْجِيهِ النَّصِّ القُرْآنِيِّ، وَتَعْلِيلِهِ. وَقَدْ شَكَّلَ تَآلُفُ مَوَاضِعِ التَّعْلِيلِ بِالاكْتِفَاءِ مِمَّا أَنْبَأَتْ بِهِ هَذِهِ الدِّرَاسَةُ وَحْدَةً دَالَّةً، أَفْصَحَتْ عَنْ مُرَادٍ مَقْصُودٍ، اعتَمَدَهُ الفَرَّاءُ حُجَّةً فِي تَأْوِيلِ نُصُوصٍ قُرْآنِيَّةٍ، أَبْدَى ظَاهِرُهَا مَعَانيَ كَأَنَّهَا خِلَافُ المَعْنَى المُرادِ مِنْهَا.
The Adequacy of Legal Premises within Anti-Terrorism Legislation
Authors: Thniebat Mohammad
Published: October 2020

يعالج البحث في إطار تحليلي قانوني المنطلقات القانونية الأساسية التي تشكل الفلسفة العامة والموجبات الرئيسة لتشريع مكافحة الإرهاب، وتمثل هذه المنطلقات الركائز الجوهرية في مكافحة الإرهاب في إطار دولة القانون وحماية حقوق الإنسان ، والمنطلق الأول هو منطلق الحماية ويشمل حماية الأموال والأشخاص، والمنطلق الثاني وقائي يتعلق بالإجراءات والتدابير التي تفرضها الهيئات الحاكمة بهدف منع الجريمة الإرهابية، والمنطلق الثالث يتمثل بالتتبع والتحري لكل الأشخاص، الذين يشتبه في نزعتهم الإرهابية، بما في ذلك مصادر التمويل المالي لجرائم الإرهاب، والمنطلق الرابع يتمثل بالرد على من اقترف جريمة إرهابية وذلك بإيقاع أشد أنواع العقوبات.
The Behavior of the Major and Sub-sector Indices in Amman Stock Exchange during the Global Financial Crisis
Authors: O.Al-Ali Asaad
Published: October 2020

هدفت الدراسة التحقق من أثر الأزمة المالية العالمية عام (2008) على أداء بورصة عمان للأسهم من خلال تحليل المؤشرات الرئيسة الثلاث (المؤشر العام بالأسهم الحرة FF، والمؤشر العام غير الموزون UW، والمؤشر العام الموزون بالسعر (PW، فضلا عن اختبار أثر الأزمة على المؤشرات القطاعية (الفرعية) التي يشتمل عليها كل مؤشر عام، وهي (مؤشر البنوك، مؤشر التأمين، مؤشر الخدمات والمؤشر الصناعي). اختبرت الدراسة الفرضيات من خلال التحقق من وجود فروقات معنوية بمستويات المؤشرات (العامة والقطاعية) قبل وبعد الأزمة المالية العالمية، من خلال تطبيق اختبارين مختلفين، الأول: اختبار(t) للعينات المزدوجة، كاختبار معلمي، والاختبار الآخر: هو اختبار ويلكوكسون لإشارة العينات المزدوجة، كاختبار لا معلمي، من أجل مقارنة النتائج. اشتملت مدة الدراسة على فترتين: الأولى قبلية، تكونت من 116 مشاهدة لأسعار الإغلاق ليوم التداول 19-6-2008 رجوعا، حيث تبين أن هذا التاريخ يؤشر بداية هبوط شديد لجميع المؤشرات، أما الفترة الثانية بعدية فتبدأ من يوم 22-6-2008 وتشمل 116 مشاهدة. تشير النتائج إلى وجود فروقات ذات دلالة معنوية بمعظم المؤشرات سواء المؤشرات العامة أم القطاعية قبل وبعد الأزمة المالية العالمية، وهذا يشير إلى نجاح هذه المؤشرات على التقاط الإشارات السلبية التي أثرت على مستويات الأسعار ما عدا مؤشر قطاع البنوك. وبينت نتائج المؤشر الموزون بالسعر PW عدم تماثلها مع نتائج المؤشرين الآخرين، وربما يحتاج ذلك إلى إعادة نظر بالعينة أو طريقة وزن الأسهم بالمؤشر. وفي الختام أوضحت النتائج أن اختبار الفروقات باستخدام الاختبار المعلمي أو اللامعلمي، يعطيان نفس النتائج. وبالتالي يمكن أن يشكل أحدهما بديلا عن الآخر في بورصة عمان للأسهم.
PELVIURETERIC JUNCTION (P.U.J.) OBSTRUCTION, ITS EVALUATION BY SONOGRAPHY (USG), USING PELVIS / CORTEX RATIO.
Authors: Goel Rahul
Published: October 2020

Objectives- Aim of this study was to document pelvis/cortex ratio, (P/C ratio) in children presenting with antenatally detected hydronephrosis and determine if it could be used as a sonographic marker of PUJ obstruction.
Material and Methods- All children presenting with unilateral hydronephrosis (PUJ) between January 2009-March 2015 were included. Ultrasound was performed by the same radiologist and P/C ratio was determined by dividing maximum anteroposterior pelvic diameter with maximum cortical thickness.
Results- Among a total of 111 children 87 (78%) improved on conservative management ,while 24(22%) required surgery (pyeloplasty). The mean (+-SD) P/C ratio was 2.7+-2.18 in those improved on conservative management , while 13.5+-1.48 in those who required surgery (p<0.01). All (22/22) children with P/C ratio of 12 or above required pyeloplasty, while 2/5 with P/C ratio 8-12 and none (0/84) with P/C ratio less than 8 required pyeloplasty (p<0.01).
Conclusion- P/C ratio could be used as a marker of PUJ obstruction in children with hydronephrosis.
DOPPLER ULTRASOUND, AS VITAL AID TO PREDICT FETAL OUTCOME IN HIGHRISK PREGNANCIES
Authors: Kapadia Lalit D. , patel Brinda , Patel Amrita
Published: October 2020

Introduction:Pulsed Doppler ultrasound allows a clearer understanding of hemodynamic changes and has thus become one of the most effective clinical methods in
highrisk pregnancies for fetomaternal surveillance.Fetuses with abnormal flow velocity waveform exhibit a high rate of perinatal asphyxia and death compared to those with normal flow properties.Doppler velocimetrydetermines not only the frequency of antenatal testing and the optimum delivery time, but also the mode of delivery.
Objective: To evaluate fetal outcome in High Risk Pregnancies with Doppler changes.
Material and methods: Fetal outcome of 100 high risk pregnancies with doppler changes showing abnormality were analysed over a period of 4 months from May 2020 to August 2020. Ultrasound was done followed by Doppler evaluation. Uterine, umbilical and middle cerebral artery flow velocity waveforms (FVW) were analyzed and the resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI) and the systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratios were measured. Fetal outcome was determined by APGAR score after 5minute.
Results:Out of 100 cases, 43 patients underwent vaginal delivery, out of which 25 full term and 18 were preterm deliveries. 57 patients underwent caesarean section out of which 33 were full term and 24 were preterm. Out of 88 live births,22 babies had APGAR <6 at 5 minutes and 34 babies required NICU admission because of fetal distress, low birth weight, low APGAR, respiratory distress syndrome and IUGR.
Conclusion: Doppler can be used as promising adjunct in management of high risk pregnancies. It helps in guiding early intervention and improving fetal outcome.
IS RETROGRADE INTRARENAL SURGERY PREFEREABLE OVER MINI PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL CALCULUS OF LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 2 CM SIZE?
Authors: M Girish H , N Sanman K , Prabhu G G Laxman , Shetty Ranjit
Published: October 2020

Objective: To compare intraoperative and post-operative outcomes between mini-percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (miniPCNL) and Retrograde intrarenoscopy (RIRS) groups.
Materials and methods: A total of 66 patients were alternatively allocated to undergo miniPCNL (33patients, group A) and RIRS (33patients, group B) groups. All patients were evaluated by history, laboratory investigations, X-ray Kidney ureter bladder (KUB), Ultrasonography and computerized tomography (CT) scan to determine stone number, location and size. Operative time, stone free rate, duration of hospital stay and complications were compared between both groups.
Results: Demographic parameters were comparable between two groups. Stone free rate was similar in both groups. Mean duration of procedure was less for miniPCNL when compared to RIRS with P < 0.0001. Duration of post-operative stay for miniPCNL was longer when compared to RIRS with P < 0.0001. Complications like intra operative bleeding, post-operative fever and blood transfusion were similar in both groups. The RIRS group patients experienced reasonably less pain postoperatively as per Visual analogue scale (VAS) score when compared to miniPCNL group with P < 0.0001.
Conclusion: Though RIRS and miniPCNL have good and comparable stone free rate with low complication rates, favourable pain score and less hospital stay makes RIRS a preferred option over miniPCNL.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SINGLE INCISION LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY AND CONVENTIONAL LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Ambore Vinaya , Darbastwar Sandeep , Dhimole Nikhil , Singh Gurpreet , H Chidananda
Published: October 2020

Background
Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery, is an alternative to conventional multi-port laparoscopic surgeries with the aim to reduce complications associated with multiple incisions and increase cosmesis. In this study we aim to compare the single incision approach vs the conventional approach for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Materials
We conducted a prospective cohort study at a tertiary care set up, comparing 30 patients each undergoing conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy and single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Data recorded included demographics, intra-operative and post-operative course, duration of hospital stay, hospital cost and expenditure.

Results
We found out that single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with longer operative time (65 mins vs 55 mins), a longer hospital stay (5 days vs 2.5 days) and higher hospital expenditure. Intraoperative complications like bleeding and inadvertent gall bladder perforation were more in the single incision group (10% vs 3.3%), and on follow up, 2 patients from the single incision group had surgical site infection and port site herniation compared to none from the conventional laparoscopy group. The patients reported better cosmetic outcome in the single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy group.

Conclusion
Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy is better than conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy with regards to final cosmesis and quality of life parameters, however, it comes with higher economic burden, longer operative times and untoward intra-operative and post-operative events.
PATIENTS WITH COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA
Authors: Garbadu Nirmal
Published: October 2020

Combined Hyperlipidaemia or Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a frequent genetic disorder viz., an autosomal codominant disorder, characterized by elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and early onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease1. The expression of the genetic potential for these lipid disorders is a complex process which only occurs when genetically inherited predisposing factors interact with other metabolic factors that exacerbate hyperlipidaemia2. Adipose tissue secretes several adipocytokines (i.e. adiponectin, leptin, and others) that regulate appetite, immunity, inflammation, and glucose/lipid metabolism3. Basically, hepatocytes and steroid hormone-producing cells have LDL receptors. Normally, these cell surface receptor for LDL removes cholesterol-carrying LDL from the plasma by a process of receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, mutations in the LDL receptor gene results in FH4. FH is caused by mutations in genes that regulate LDL catabolism, mainly the LDL receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and gain of function of proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9). However, the phenotype may be encountered in individuals not carrying the latter monogenic defects, in approximately 20% of these effects of polygenes predominate, and in many individuals, no molecular defects are encountered at all. These so-called FH phenocopy individuals have an elevated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD; ASCVD) risk in comparison with normolipidemic individuals but this risk is lower than in those with monogenic disease 1.
ETIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF CASES OF CHRONIC LEG ULCERS ADMITTED IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF TELANGANA
Authors: Rehman mohd Abdul
Published: October 2020

Clinical study of Chronic leg ulcer (CLU) was carried out at local Telangana tertiary hospital revealed certain important data. Incidence of CLU were more common in above 51yrs(45%), in males (72%) and in diabetics (34%). Followed by venous (26%), traumatic (16%), arterial (9%), malignant (5%), trophic (3%) and other ulcers (7%). Among 26 patients with varicose veins, 23 underwent surgery in form of Trendelenburg's operation, ligation and sub-fascial ligation. 2 patients with DVT underwent skin grafting. The mean time for healing was 16.4 days.
Among 34 diabetics, 30 were managed with regular dressings, antibiotics, slough excision and or debridement along with anti-diabetics. Four patients underwent amputation and 12 underwent skin grafting which healed in average of 11days. However, mean healing time was 21.5 days. With availability of lab investigations, wide range of antibiotics and with ever improving dressing material, there is certainly a great improvement in treatment of CLUs.
Correlation between Thyroid Hormones and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone with Lipid Profile Parameters in Euthyroid Patients
Authors: Adhikari Indra Prasad , Neupane Deepak
Published: October 2020

Background: Thyroid function regulates wide ranges metabolic parameters, the most striking action being an increase in energy expenditure. Thyroid function significantly affects lipoprotein metabolism, thus influencing overall CVD risk factors. Hyperthyroidism occurs due to hyper secretion of thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition where there is hypo secretion of thyroid hormones. This is usually due to thyroid failure but can also be due to disease of the pituitary or hypothalamus.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Index Medical College Hospital and Research Centre from July 2018 to January 2020. Total 114 patients were enrolled of group age between 21 to 80 yrs . Lipid profile and thyroid profile were estimated and their values were compared.
Result : TSH significantly negative correlated with fT3 (-0.277, p<0.05) fT4 (r=-0.290, p<0.05) and statistically positive correlation with TC (r=0.277, p<0.05) and LDL-C (r=0.278, p<0.05. fT3 was positively correlated with LDL-C (-0.373, p<0.01)
Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction especially hypothyroidism was more prevalent among women.. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with the altered lipid metabolisms responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Therapeutic measures to control thyroid disorders could be beneficial for the better regulation of dyslipidemia and its complications.
Pengajaran Persiapan Ujian Nasional Mata Pelajaran Matematika di SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda
Authors: Susilo Ganjar , Aisyah Nur
Published: October 2020

Community Service conducted at SMP 37 is teaching national math preparation tests for class IX. The method of community service in Samarinda 37 State Junior High School is by teaching using the junior high school national exam practice module. Activities carried out through the stage of providing material operations of fractions, value comparisons and reversals of values, ranks and roots, calculation of loan and savings interest rates, arithmetic sequences and sequences and geometry, linear and quadratic equations, sets, linear functions, line equations, line gradients, flat circumference and shape area, congruent and congruent triangles, circle angle, circle circumference, circle elements, prism and pyramid elements, volume and surface area of ​​prism and pyramid, statistics, sample space, and opportunity. After all the material has been submitted, it is continued with the prediction of the national mathematics exams in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 with the development of the developed training modules. From the results of community service in Samarinda 37 Public Middle School, the level of student satisfaction found using modules was 41.52% very satisfied, 57.40% satisfied, 1.07% quite satisfied, and 0.00% dissatisfied. On the other hand, students also find it easier to understand learning if the teacher uses modules as teaching material in class
Improving the effectiveness of secondary prevention caries in women during pregnancy
Authors: Solovyeva Zh. V. , Zaporozhskaya-Abramova E. S. , Adamchik A. A. , Kosyreva T. F. , Shkirya T. V.
Published: October 2020

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of long-acting remineralizing medical means in the complex prevention of caries in pregnant women.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. A total of 87 people were examined, aged 24 to 37 years, with different levels of oral hygiene 84 patients confirmed their consent to the treatment and prophylactic measures, after which three working groups were formed depending on the long-acting remineralizing agents used “Clinpro-XTVarnish” manufactured by 3MESPE, “Schmelz-versiegelungsliquid” manufactured by HUMANCHEME, “InnoDent Repair” manufactured by InnoDent LLP respectively) and 1 control group. The assessment of the dental status of pregnant women was carried out using indices: CFE, Fedorov-Volodkina oral hygiene index (HI), gingivitis index GI (Loe H., Silness J.).

Results. According to the data of a clinical study, it was determined that a high quality oral cavity sanitation with concomitant use of long-acting therapeutic and prophylactic agents increases the effectiveness of preventive measures in pregnant women.

Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the achievement of a long-term preventive result, which makes it possible to recommend the investigated fluorine-containing agents for remineralization of hard dental tissues in order to control the state of the oral cavity of women during pregnancy.
Gerontostomatology: from science to clinical medicine (survey)
Authors: Iordanishvili A. K.
Published: October 2020

Aim of the study was, based on the analysis of dissertation research prepared in scientific laboratories and departments of the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, to present the contribution of the staff of this Institute to the development of modern gerontostomatology. Dissertation research carried out within the walls of the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology in the field of gerontostomatology touched on the pathology of hard tissues and pulp of teeth, rehabilitation in case of tooth loss, periodontal diseases, oral mucosa, injuries and inflammatory diseases of the jaws and peri-maxillary soft tissues, as well as pathology temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles in elderly and senile people.
Rehabilitation of the alveolar bone after tooth extraction. Analysis of methods
Authors: Bakaev Yu. A. , Voronov I. A. , Generalova Yu. A. , Negorelova Ya. A. , Balashova M. E. , Karnaeva A. S. , Slonova V. M.
Published: October 2020

Resorption of the alveolar bone after tooth extraction is an irreversible process due to biological bone remodeling. It will greatly complicate the further treatment of patients for dental implantation, since for the latter a prerequisite is a sufficient volume of bone tissue. It leads to a protracted treatment process: the volume and timing of interventions increases. The literature review has shown possible methods of preservation of the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction and the results of their application.
RESEARCH RESULTS OF THE DEVICE FOR DRYING AGRICULTURAL CROPS
Authors: Кухарев О.Н. , Сёмов И.Н. , Тимергазин Н.К. , Оськин В.С.
Published: October 2020

Хозяйства и операторы розничной сети не всегда могут сохранить полученный урожай в связи с необходимостью постройки овощехранилищ и сложности с соблюдением технологии хранения.
В этих условиях выходом из сложившегося положения является сушка овощей. Применение сушки позволяет сохранить все вкусовые качества и почти все витамины. В этих условиях в ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский ГАУ» разработан опытный образец устройства для сушки сельскохозяйственных культур, позволяющего проводить сушку в кипящем слое. Однако, необходимо провести исследования для совершенствования процесса сушки овощей пневмомеханической сушилкой с обоснованием её конструктивных и технологических параметров. В работе использовались экспериментальные методы: моделирование, наблюдение, эксперимент. Экспериментальные исследования проводились в лабораторных условиях на основе общепринятых методик в соответствии с действующими отраслевыми стандартами, а также разработанных частных методик исследований. Обработка результатов исследований проводилась на ПЭВМ с использованием стандартных компьютерных программ Microsoft Excel, Statistica, КОМПАС-3D. В результате была получена модель процесса сушки и определены оптимальные параметры предлагаемого устройства.

Farms and retailers are not always able to preserve the harvest due to the need to build vegetable stores and the difficulty in observing storage technology.
Under these conditions, the way out of this situation is the drying of vegetables. The use of drying allows saving all the taste and almost all the vitamins. Under these conditions, Penza State Agrarian University has developed a prototype device for drying crops, allowing for fluidized-bed drying. However, it is necessary to conduct research to improve the drying process of vegetables with a pneumatic-mechanical dryer with justification for its design and technological parameters. The experimental methods were used in the work: modeling, observation, experiment. Experimental studies were carried out in laboratory conditions on the basis of generally accepted methods in accordance with current industry standards, as well as developed private research methods. Processing of the research results was carried out on a PC using standard computer programs Microsoft Excel, Statistica, KOMPAS-3D. As a result, a model of the drying process was obtained and the optimal parameters of the proposed device were determined.
LABORATORY AND FIELD RESEARCH OF A CROP LIFTER OF A COMBING HEADER
Authors: Кухмазов К.З. , Мелоян Б.М. , Малышев А.В. , Губский С.Е.
Published: October 2020

Материалы статьи посвящены актуальной проблеме – снижению потерь зерна при уборке полеглых хлебов методом очеса. В ней приведены описание конструкции и принцип работы разработанного копирующего стеблеподъемника очёсывающей жатки, а так же методика проведения и результаты лабораторно-полевых исследований по обоснованию его рациональных конструктивно-режимных параметров. Лабораторно-полевые исследования проводились на полях ООО «Русское поле» Пензенской области в соответствии с ГОСТ 28301 – 2007 «Комбайны зерноуборочные. Методы испытаний» на уборке озимой пшеницы. Площадь участка составляла 12 га, урожайность 47 ц/га, полеглость доходила до 64 %, отношение массы зерна к массе соломы 1: 1,3. Уборочный агрегат – зерноуборочный комбайн «Акрос – 595» с очесывающей жаткой ЖО – 7 «ОЗОН», оснащенной копирующим стеблеподъемниками. Потери за очесывающей жаткой определяли методом наложения рамки. Как показывают результаты лабораторно-полевых исследований, минимальные потери зерна (не более 2,5 %) при уборке полеглых хлебов обеспечивается при длине полозка стеблеподъемника L = 470-540 мм, давление газового упора P = 50-60 H и рабочей скорости агрегата Up = 1,2-2,0 м/с.

The article is devoted to an urgent problem - reducing grain losses during harvesting of lodged grains by the combing method. It provides a description of the design and the principle of operation of the developed copying crop lifter of the combing header, as well as the methodology and the results of laboratory and field studies to substantiate its rational structural and operational parameters. Laboratory and field studies were carried out on the fields of the OOO Russkoye Polye (LLC) of the Penza Region in accordance with GOST 28301-2007 “Combine harvesters. Test Methods” in the harvesting of winter wheat. The area of the plot was 12 hectares, the yield was 47 kg/ha, the lodging reached 64 %, the ratio of grain mass to straw mass was 1:1.3. The harvesting unit was the Akros - 595 combine harvester with the ZhO - 7 “OZON” combing header equipped with copying crop lifters. Losses after the combing header were determined by the method of the frame superposition. As the results of laboratory and field studies show, the minimum grain losses (no more than 2.5 %) when harvesting lodged grains is ensured when the length of the crop lifter L = 470-540 mm, the gas stop pressure P = 50-.60 N and the unit operating speed Up = 1,2-2,0 м/с.
PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT IN CROP ROTATION LINKS ON LEACHED BLACK SOIL
Authors: Богомазов С.В. , Лянденбурская А.В. , Левин А.А. , Ткачук О.А. , Ефремова Е.В.
Published: October 2020

Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания озимой пшеницы в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья, позволяющих оптимизировать условия роста и развития. Исследованиями установлено, что вид пара не оказывал существенного влияния на плотность почвы. После сидерального пара запасы продуктивной влаги метрового слоя перед посевом снижались, в среднем, на 6,4 мм. Размещение озимой пшеницы после сидерального пара приводило к несущественному уменьшению площади листьев на 0,14 тыс. м2/га, по сравнению с черным паром. Наибольший вклад в формирование продуктивности озимой пшеницы оказало удобрение Гумостим, которое способствовало увеличению площади листовой поверхности на 5,1 тыс. м2/га, урожайности на 0,46 т/га по отношению к контролю.

The aim of the research was to improve the elements of winter wheat cultivation technology in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, which allow to optimize the conditions for growth and development. The studies found that the type of fallow did not significantly affect the density of the soil. After green-manured fallow, the reserves of productive moisture in the meter layer decreased before sowing, on average, by 6.4 mm. Winter wheat placing after green manure fallow led to an insignificant decrease in leaf area by 0.14 thousand m2/ha, compared to black fallow. The greatest contribution to the formation of the productivity of winter wheat was made by the fertilizer Gumostim, which contributed to an increase in the leaf area by 5.1 thousand m2/ha, in yield - by 0.46 t/ha in relation to the control.