bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adriamycin Alone and in Combination with Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Inoperable Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Kolarić Krsto , Maričić Željko , Roth Anton , Dujmović Ivo
Published: April 2018

Thirty-three patients with inoperable esophageal cancer were treated in a randomized study. There were 24 squamous cell, 2 anaplastic, 4 unclassified, and 3 adenocarcinomas. Eighteen patients were treated with 6 cycles of adriamycin with a 3 week rest period between cycles. Adriamycin was administered in doses of 40 mg/m2 body surface daily for 2 days during each cycle. The other group of 15 patients were treated with both adriamycin and radiation. The tumor was irradiated with speed electrons (4500–5200 rads total dose), and during irradiation, 3 cycles of adriamycin were given. All patients previously had had no treatment. In the group of patients treated with adriamycin, the response rate (> 50 % tumor regression) was 33 % (6/18) with 1 complete and 5 partial remissions. In the combined treatment group, there were 4 complete and 5 partial remissions (9/15) with a response rate of 60 %. In both groups of patients, remissions were obtained in the squamous cell carcinomas, except 1 patient with anaplastic carcinoma in the adriamycin-treated group, and 1 adenocarcinoma in the combined treated group. Remissions lasted 2–12 months (M = 3.2 months) in the adriamycin-treated group and 3–15 months (M = 8.6 months) in the combined treatment group. There were no significant differences in the toxic side effects, except a slightly increased myelodepression in the combined treatment modality. One patient of the combined treatment group showed a potentiation of radiation dermititis. The results obtained show that adriamycin does have an antitumor effect on esophageal (squamous cell) carcinoma, which so far has not been proven. Significantly better results with longer remission duration can be obtained when both adriamycin and radiation are combined.
Direct Interaction with Cellular Targets as the Mechanism for Chromium Carcinogenesis
Authors: Raffetto Giacomo , Parodi Silvio , Parodi Catterina , De Ferrari Marcella , Troiano Rita , Brambilla Giovanni
Published: April 2018

The carcinogenic activity of chromium appears to be due to its direct interaction with cellular targets and not to nonspecific solid-state carcinogenesis. Chromium was evaluated at 2 valences, Cr+3 (as CrCl3 and Cr+6 (as K2Cr2O7), for its toxicity, transforming activity, and ability to induce chromosomal aberrations in tertiary cultures of mouse fetal cells. The ID50 (dose for 50 percent inhibition of cell growth) of Cr+3 was approximately 4 times greater than that of Cr+6 after 96 h of exposure, and about 29 times greater than that of Cr+6 after 1 h of exposure. At equitoxic concentrations, both chromium valences induced the same degree of morphologic changes and alterations of growth behavior, but Cr+6 produced more chromosomal aberrations. Using autoradiography in an established cloned line of mouse cells, unscheduled DNA synthesis was observed in cells previously exposed to Cr+6 but not in cells previously exposed to Cr+3.
Malignant Lymphoplasmacytoid Lymphomas. Clinical and Evolutive Data
Authors: Hoerni B. , Meugé C. , Eghbali H. , De Mascarel A. , Durand M. , Hoerni-Simon G. , Brunet R. , Chauvergne J. , Lagarde C.
Published: April 2018

A series of 31 cases of malignant lymphoplasmacytoid lymphomas (excluding Waldenstrom disease) is analyzed. Two-thirds of the patients initially had localizations elsewhere than in the lymph nodes and presented clinical stage I or II. The median survival is around 4 years and is particularly favorable for stage I and II patients who have received an association of radiotherapy and systematic chemotherapy; the estimated «cure rate » for these patients is around 80 %.
Intracellular Ig Identification on Paraffin-embedded Solitary Plasmacytoid Proliferation: A Routine Method to Define the Biological Nature of Plasma Cells
Authors: Leonardo Eugenio , Palestro Giorgio
Published: April 2018

The difficulty to recognize morphologically the biological nature of the exuberant plasma cell proliferations is known by every pathologist. Therefore, an immunohistochemical method has been applied to routine paraffin-embedded sections of biopsies from 26 patients suspected to bear a solitary plasmacytoma. The method has allowed to distinguish between monoclonal (likely to be neoplastic) and polyclonal cases (likely to be reactive).
Cytokinetic Analysis at Various Ages of an Ascites Tumor after Radiation
Authors: Siracká Eva , Pappová Natasa
Published: April 2018

A cytokinetic analysis has been made of 5-day and of 10-day old murine 6C3HED ascites lymphosarcoma (Gardner) by using a growth curve, percentage of labeled mitoses curves, and continuous labeling curves. The doubling time increased from 36 h in the proliferative phase of growth to 252 h in the stationary phase. The slowing down of the growth rate was due to prolongation of the cell cycle time, with greatest extension in G1 and increased cell loss. The measurement of the kinetic parameters made immediately after irradiation with a whole-body single dose of 3 Gy (300 rad) showed an increase in duration of the cell cycle in the 5-day-old tumor, while in the 10-day-old tumor the cell cycle time was decreased due to reduce length in the G1 phase.
Response to Neoplastic Antigens in Human Oncology: Assessment and Results of Lif (Leucocyte Inhibitory Factor) Test in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Mantovani Giovanni , Maxia Giovanni , Caporelli Sergio , Cossu Francesco , Sestu Mariella
Published: April 2018

The leucocyte inhibition factor (LIF) test, revealing the inhibition of leucocyte migration from capillary tubes, was studied with leucocytes from 47 patients with breast cancer, from 14 patients with benign breast tumors, and from 56 normal subjects. As antigens we used formalin-fixed tumor cells. The LIF assay was positive in 38/47 (80.8 %) breast cancer patients, in 10/14 (71.4 %) benign breast tumor patients, and in 13/56 (23.2 %) normal subjects. The negative LIF assays were higher with leucocytes from patients with metastases than with those from patients with no metastases. We found no correlation between the LIF-test response and the histopathologic pattern of the tumors, type of treatment (almost always surgical), and remission or relapse state of our patients at the time of testing.
Proposal for a New Histopathological Classification of the Carcinomas of the Nasopharynx
Authors: Micheau Christian , Rilke Franco , Pilotti Silvana
Published: April 2018

A new classification scheme for malignant tumors of the nasopharynx is proposed in which the undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal types as a prominent position. This term replaces the previous obsolete term lymphoepithelioma on the basis of its clinicopathologic identity, its separation from squamous cell carcinoma, and its potential origin from anatomical areas other than the nasopharynx.
Viral Particles in Cervical Condylomatous Lesions
Authors: Torre Gabriella Della , Pilotti Silvana , De Palo Giuseppe , Rilke Franco
Published: April 2018

Intranuclear viral particles morphologically identical with papovavirions were observed in large numbers in koilocytotic epithelial cells of 4 of 8 cases of cervical condylomatosis.
A Study on the Etiological Factors of Bilharzial Bladder Cancer in Egypt: 5-Urinary Nitrite in a Rural Population
Authors: El-Aaser Abdelbaset Anwer , El-Merzabani Mahmoud Mohamed , El-Bolkainy Mohamed Nabil , Ibrahim Amal Sami , Zakhary Nadia Iskander , El-Morsi Behiga
Published: April 2018

Urinary nitrite was present in 5.6 % of 2379 individuals from a rural population infested with « Schistosoma haematobium ». A higher frequency was observed in symptomatic patients with active bilharzial cystitis (25 %) and patients with bladder cancer associated with schistosomiasis (66.2 %); conversely, urinary nitrite was absent in normal urban individuals. The frequency of urinary nitrite was higher in females (6.4%) than males (4.6%), and was more frequent in adults than extremes of age. The presence of urinary nitrite was associated with urinary infection and was commonly accompaned by cellular atypia in urine, in the form of dysplasia. Under these circumstances, carcinogenic nitrosamines are liable to be produced in the bladder from urinary nitrite and amines. These observation support the possible role of urinary bacterial infection, commonly associated with bilharzial cystitis, in bladder carcinogenesis.
Damage by Dichlorvos of Human Lymphocyte DNA
Authors: Perocco Paolo , Fini Angela
Published: April 2018

The action of dichlorvos (2.2-dichlorovinyldimethyl phosphate) was studied with a short-term in vitro system which utilizes human lymphocytes. The parameters studied were the action exerted by the pesticide on scheduled (semiconservative) and unscheduled (reparative) DNA synthesis measured as tritiated thymidine uptake. The results obtained show that dichlorvos affects semiconservative DNA synthesis, damages human lymphocyte DNA inducing low reparative synthesis, and interferes with DNA repair processes after damage exerted by ultraviolet rays.
Primary Malignant Neoplasms Associated with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Santoro Armando , Rilke Franco , Franchi Franca , Monfardini Silvio
Published: April 2018

Over the past 2 decades there has been an almost exponential increase in the frequency with which cases of leukemia associated with another primary malignant lesion have been reported. In this study we reported the occurrence of a second primary neoplasm in 82 consecutive cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) admitted to the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan from September 1962 to December 1978. In 16 of these (19.5%), an associated neoplasm was diagnosed subsequently (8 cases) or concurrently (8 cases) to CLL. Head and neck carcinomas and breast cancer had the highest incidence (5 and 3 cases, respectively). The results of this study further support the hypothesis that patients with CLL are prone to develop subsequent cancer. The defective cellular and humoral immunity in CLL may have an etiological role in the development of an additional primary malignancy. Although alkylating agents are known carcinogens in experimental animals and man, our results support the lack of a correlation between treatment with alkylating agents and incidence of second primary neoplasms, as demonstrated by Greene et al. (10).
DNA Content of Normal and Neoplastic Urothelial Cells
Authors: Boon Mathilde E.
Published: April 2018

In search for suitable parameters to detect neoplastic urothelial cells in Acriflavine-Feulgen-SITS stained specimen we compared the cytofluorometric DNA content with the morphology of normal urothelial cells (bladder scrapings) and neoplastic urothelial cells from grade 1, 2, 3 and 4 tumors. An individual normal urothelial cell could not be distinguished from a grade 1 tumor cell, neither morphologically nor fluorometrically. However, the shape of the histograms of DNA measurements of the cell populations of respectively normal bladder scrapings and grade 1 tumors differs. It is postulated that also morphometry of these cell populations may be of some aid to distinguish well-differentiated neoplastic cells from normal urothelial cells. Seventy-one percent of the morphologically malignant cells in the grade 2, 3 and 4 tumor samples could be identified by applying the combined parameters: high DNA content (> 5 C) and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (> 0.5) and all grade 2, 3 and 4 tumor samples contained cells which were objectively classified as malignant. Using the same parameters morphologically malignant cells could be distinguished from normal, polyploid umbrella cells, thus these malignant cells are detectable objectively without using chromatin pattern as parameter.
Masson's Intravascular Vegetant Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Eusebi Vincenzo , Fanti Pier Alessandro , Fedeli Franco , Mancini Antonio Maria
Published: April 2018

Eleven cases of Masson's hemangioendothelioma are reported. This benign condition must be distinguished histologically from numerous malignant endothelial lesions. Two different papillary structures were observed; one defined as « inflammatory papilla » was constantly associated with a thrombus; the other, defined as «fibrous papilla» was observed in 4 cases where no thrombus could be found. It is postulated that the inflammatory papillae are an exuberant endothelial growth during the normal organisation of a thrombus; fibrous papillae, it is suggested, might be reactive to blood or lymph stasis.
Serum Folate Binding Capacity in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Corrocher Roberto , Pachor Maria Luisa , Bambara Lisa Maria , Stanziai Anna Maria , Biasi Domenico , De Sandre Giorgio
Published: April 2018

Total and unsaturated folate binding capacity (TFBC-UFBC) was measured in 44 normal volunteers and in 77 patients with solid tumors; of them 31 had a lung cancer, 18 a cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (GI), and 28 a breast cancer. With the exception of patients with cancer of the stomach, all the other groups showed a significant increase in TFBC. An increase in UFBC was statistically observed in patients with lung cancer and cancer of the GI tract. No correlation was observed in breast cancer between the presence of hormon receptors on cancer tissue and the value of TFBC. However, a significant increase in TFBC was noted in this group of patients when metastases were present.
Precancerous Significance of Colonic Type Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Pagnini Carla Arslan , Bozzola Loredana
Published: April 2018

Numerous epidemiologic, morphologic and experimental studies have demonstrated the precancerous significance of intestinal metaplasia. We report here the results of a histochemical study of intestinal metaplasia in which 2 types were observed: one with sialomucin-secreting cells typical of the small intestine, and the other with sulphomucin-secreting cells typical of colonic mucosa. The correlation between colonic type intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer is explored, since a significant precancerous value for this type of intestinal metaplasia is suggested.
Therapy of Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia in Children: A Review of 73 Patients
Authors: Amadori Sergio , Petti Maria Concetta , Pacilli Leonardo , Papa Giuseppe , Mandelli Franco
Published: April 2018

Since 1969, 73 children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia have been admitted for evaluation and treatment at the Institute of Hematology of the University of Rome. Various drug regimens, basically including daunomycin and/or cytosine arabinoside, were employed both for induction and maintenance treatment. Overall, the incidence of complete remission was 63 %. The availability of intensive supportive measures starting in 1974 appears to be the most likely explanation for the higher response rate observed since then. Duration of remission and overall survival were disappointingly short owing to the high frequency of bone marrow relapse. Carefully controlled clinical studies will in the future be necessary to explore better methods of preventing leukemic relapse.
DTIC and Actinomycin D with and without C. Parvum Immunotherapy in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Halpern Joshua , Catane Raphael , Biran Shoshan , Fuks Zvi
Published: April 2018

Fifteen patients were treated with a combination of DTIC and actinomycin D between January, 1977 and December, 1979. Patients with a Karnofsky performance status above 80 % were also given intravenous C. parvum immunotherapy. One partial response and one complete response resulted, both in the higher performance status group.
Sipple's Syndrome: Description of One Case
Authors: Dessy Enrico , Zucca Giuseppe , Faa Gavino , Sofia Maria Dolores
Published: April 2018

The case reported involves a young woman with a medullary thyroid carcinoma. Only during autopsy was it possible to show a pheochromocytoma of the left adrenal gland; multiple foci of atypical proliferation were observed, only microscopically, also in the adrenal gland. The authors emphasize the difficulty of a correct diagnosis during life and outline the necessity of an accurate screening of family members of a patient with Sipple's syndrome.
Resistance to Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus (M-MuSV) Tumor Induction is Associated with Natural Antibody Production to «Endogenous» Moloney Leukemia Virus (M-MuLV) in Balb/Mo Mice
Authors: D'Andrea Emma , De Rossi Anita , Chieco-Bianchi Luigi
Published: April 2018

BALB/Mo mice are characterized by early expression of « endogenized » M-MuLV and are resistant to M-MuSV tumor induction. Furthermore, compared to normal BALB/c mice, sera from BALB/Mo mice exhibit a significant reactivity which is specific for M-MuLV when tested in a 125I-labelled Staphylococcus protein A binding assay. The possible significance of this reactivity in conferring tumor resistance is explored.
Plasma and Tissue Distribution of Adriamycin in Patients with Pelvic Cancer
Authors: Piazza Elena , Natale Nicola , Trabattoni Ada , Mariscotti Cesare , Mosca Leonardo , Libretti Arnaldo , Ottolenghi Laura , Morasca Luciano
Published: April 2018

The levels of adriamycin in plasma, ascitic fluid and normal and neoplastic tissues sampled during surgery of 3 patients with advanced pelvic cancer were measured by fluorimetry. The highest content of fluorescent compounds was found in tumoral masses in necrotic or scarcely viable tissue; viable and invasive tumor areas scored fluorescence levels comparable with normal adnexa. Ascitic fluid contained levels of fluorescence comparable to the last observed phase of plasma levels. Adipose and cutaneous tissue scored the lowest concentrations.
Immature Teratoma of the Ovary Stage Ia(i) Treated with Conservative Surgery Alone
Authors: Cannelli Silvestro G. , Senzani Francomaria , Luzzani Sergio , Cannelli Ines , Cefis Francesco
Published: April 2018

A review of a series of 245 ovarian teratomas disclosed 6 cases (2.4 %) of immature teratoma. The tumors were FIGO stage IA(i) and histologic grade 1 (3 cases) or 2 (3 cases). With the exception of 2 specimens, all tumors were larger than 9 cm in the greatest diameter. All patients underwent conservative surgery alone and are alive without evidence of disease from 2.2 to 10.6 years (average, 7.9 years). Our data support the view that conservative surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with stage IA(i), grade 1, immature teratoma, as well as for those with stage IA(i), grade 2 tumors, 9 cm or less in the greatest diameter.
Lack of Carcinogenicity of DDT in Hamsters
Authors: Cabral José R.P. , Hall Rachel K. , Rossi Lorenzo , Bronczyk Susan A. , Shubik Philippe
Published: April 2018

Syrian golden hamsters were fed for their lifespan a diet containing 0, 125, 250 and 500 parts per million (ppm) of DDT. The incidence of tumour bearing animals was 13 % among control females and ranged between 11-20 % in treated females. In control males 8 % had tumours. The incidence of tumour bearing animals among treated males ranged between 17-28 %. The incidence of adrenal cortex tumours showed a dose-related increase among the DDT-treated males. A liver-cell tumour and 2 liver hemangioendotheliomas were observed in 3 males treated with 250 ppm DDT. No liver-cell tumours were observed in the controls. No significant difference in tumour incidence was observed in treated versus control Syrian golden hamsters.
A Study on the Etiological Factors of Bilharzial Bladder Cancer in Egypt. 6. The Possible Role of Urinary Bacteria
Authors: El-Aaser Abdelbaset Anwer , El-Merzabani Mahmoud Mohamed , Higgy Nadia Ahmed , El-Habet Abdel E.
Published: April 2018

A correlation was obtained between a positive nitrite test in urine and the severity of urinary bacterial infection. Bacteria isolated from the urine of bilharzial or bladder cancer patients were found to be rich in nitrate reductase activity. « Escherichia coli » was the most common microorganism isolated from these specimens. Urine and several urinary constituents activate bacterial nitrate reductase. β-Glucuronidase activity in the urine of patients with chronic « Schistosoma haematobium » infection and bladder cancer was measured and shown to be significantly greater than that of urine of normal control subjects. Urinary bacterial infection was shown to be the source of the increased urinary level of enzyme activity at pH 7.0.
C1q Solid-Phase Enzymatic Microassay for Detection of Circulating Immune Complexes: Its Application in Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Manzo Ciro , Longo Claudio , Bianchin Armando
Published: April 2018

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were detected and quantitated in human breast cancer to monitor the efficiency of mastectomy. For this aim a microimmunoenzymatic test was set up, applying a solid-phase C1q. Features of this assay can be summarized as follows: ability to estimate as low as 10 ng of aggregated human IgG (ΔIgG), good reproducibility and simplicity of execution, and small serum sample required. A group of women with breast cancer at different stages (TNM classification) was tested for CIC, and 31.75 % were positive. Almost all patients submitted to surgery showed a reduction of this parameter thereafter. A parallel study was carried out in another group of women with benign breast disease, and a significant incidence of CIC was found.
Circulating Immune Complexes in Human Malignant Melanoma
Authors: D'Amelio Raffaele , Cooke Brian , Hobbs John R.
Published: April 2018

The sera from 34 patients with malignant melanoma at various clinical stages of the disease were examined for the presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) by the C1q solid-phase assay. Their urine and serum samples had been previously examined for the presence of an urinary melanoma-specific protein (MSP) and the corresponding serum antibody. Low levels of CIC (only in the third stage of the disease) and no positive correlation with the presence of MSP were found. The discordance between our and other author's data stresses again the fact that the different laboratory methods for CIC evaluation reveal in a different way the various CIC populations occurring in several diseases.
Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reaction to Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Cancer Patients
Authors: Orefice Sergio , Fossati Giuseppe , Pietrojusti Enrico , Bonfanti Giuliano
Published: April 2018

The delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was tested in 84 patients with different diseases including large bowel adenocarcinoma and breast carcinoma, with or without metastasis, liver cirrhosis and inflammatory or degenerative diseases. Positive skin test to CEA was observed in a small proportion (11 %) of the patients tested. No difference in positive skin test reactions was observed in the 6 different groups of patients. Similar delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were found to various amount of CEA ranging from 0.5 to 25 μg. No correlation was seen between the results of skin test and blood CEA levels.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in the Follow-Up of Disease-Free Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Veronesi Andrea , Talamini Renato , Longhi Serenella , Crivellari Diana , Galligioni Enzo , Tirelli Umberto , Trovò Mauro G. , Magri M. Donatella , Frustaci Sergio , Figoli Franco , Zagonel Vittorina , Tumolo Salvatore , Grigoletto Eligio
Published: April 2018

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assays (2536) were performed in 380 disease-free breast cancer patients after radical mastectomy. In the 334 evaluable patients with 3 or more determinations, the overall relapse rate after a median follow-up of 29 months was 11 %. Of 203 patients with normal CEA values, 19 (9.3 %) relapsed. In the 50 patients with the highest CEA value greater than 20 ng/ml, the relapse rate was 26 %; in the 12 patients with gradually increasing CEA elevations it was 50 %. However, CEA was unable to predict recurrence in N- patients. Premastectomy N+ was significantly associated with greater than 20 ng/ml or gradually increasing CEA values, suggesting the lack of an independent prognostic value of CEA in our patient population.
Combined Modes of Imaging for Liver Hemangioma in Cancer Patients
Authors: Damasceni Bruno , Ceglia Errico , Garbagnati Francesco , Livraghi Tito , Masciadri Nerina , Milella Marco , Roncoroni Ippolita , Spagnoli Ivo
Published: April 2018

Twenty-nine consecutive patients with single or multiple liver hemangioma were assessed with more than one mode of imaging. Static scanning with 99Tcm was done in 21, ultrasonography in 28, CT in 29 and angiography in 27. Fine-needle percutaneous biopsy was unwisely performed in 7 cases with a single but singular complication, severe peritoneal lymphorrhea. Four laparotomies and 2 laparoscopics completed the investigations. Fourteen patients had a history of primary cancer, and 3 of these had a secondary coexisting with the angioma. CT was characteristic; ultrasonography was sensitive and perhaps specific enough for small angiomas. The 2 combined plus angio-CT greatly reduce the need for hepatic angiography.
Reduction of Lethal Toxicity of Doxorubicin by Amrinone
Authors: Bossa Rosaria , Galatulas Iraklis , Savi Giuseppina , Supino Rosanna , Zunino Franco
Published: April 2018

Administration of attirinone, a new inotropic agent, markedly reduced acute lethal toxicity in normal female Swiss and male BALB/c mice given lethal doses of doxorubicin. Because attirinone abolished the negative inotropic effect of doxorubicin in isolated guinea pig atria, it was suggested that partial protection from acute toxicity of the antitumor antibiotic is directly related to protection of cardiac function.
Treatment by Splenic Irradiation in 22 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients
Authors: De Rossi Giulio , Biagini Carissimo , Lopez Manuela , Tombolini Vincenzo , Mandelli Franco
Published: April 2018

Twenty-two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, score 2 according to Rai et al. (10), who received only a course of splenic irradiation are reviewed. Splenic doses ranged from 420 to 1080 rad. Response to splenic irradiation was rated by evaluating peripheral lymphocytosis, hepatosplenomegaly, adenomegaly and disease-related symptoms. Following splenic irradiation, 8 patients showed a significant reduction in splenomegaly; 7 patients showed a significant reduction in peripheral lymphocytosis (< 10,000/mm3), which has lasted from 15–42 months without any other treatment. In 14 patients, response to splenic irradiation was partial, and it has successively been necessary to treat 12 patients with chemotherapy. Methods of splenic irradiation, survival, clinical and hematologic behavior are discussed in detail.
Cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II), VP 16-213, and Prednisone (Dvp Regimen) in the Treatment of Pretreated Advanced Malignant Lymphomas
Authors: Fosser Vinicio P. , Salvagno Luigi , Segati Romana , Pappagallo Giovanni L. , Ferrazzi Eros , Sileni Vanna Chiarion , Fiorentino Mario V.
Published: April 2018

Eighteen evaluable patients with advanced malignant lymphoma were treated with a combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (50 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1), VP 16-213 (100 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1, 3, 5), and prednisone (50 mg/m2 per os on days 1–5), recycling every 2 weeks. All patients were previously pretreated. There were 3 complete remissions (patients with Hodgkin's disease), and 4 partial remission (2 patients with Hodgkin's and 2 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), for a median duration of 8 weeks. In addition, 2 minor responses (patients with Hodgkin's disease) were observed. Vomiting and myelosuppression were the most prominent toxic effects. In most heavily pretreated patients, myelosuppression was moderate to severe: in these patients and in patients with bone marrow involvement, a schedule interval of 3 weeks should be more appropriate. Nephrotoxicity was minimal. This combination chemotherapy showed some activity in the management of advanced malignant lymphomas; further studies in this area are justified.
Randomized Trial of Chemoimmunotherapy in Advanced Non-Oat-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Rosso Riccardo , Nobile Maria Teresa , Brema Fulvio , Porcile Gianfranco , Cinquegrana Angela , De Palma Mario , Rubagotti Alessandra
Published: April 2018

Thirty patients without any prior chemotherapy and histologically proved non-oat-cell advanced lung cancer entered a randomized trial comparing a combination chemotherapeutic regimen (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, BCNU) and the same combination plus intradermic BCG. Twenty-nine patients were evaluable for survival. Mean survival was 11 and 3.5 months for chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.025). A tumor enhancement can be postulated. Skin tests before treatment (PPD, Candida, Varidase) seem to be prognostic for survival.
Two Lines of Walker Carcinoma 256: Their Peculiarities and Different Interactions with the Host
Authors: Guaitani Amalia , Torre Paola Delia , Morasca Luciano , Pintus Cristina , Bartošek Ivan
Published: April 2018

Two sublines of Walker 256 carcinoma have been characterized for their ability to metastasize and to induce cachexia. The invasive, metastasizing line A induced terminal anorexia in rats with a mean survival time of 27 ± 1.5 days. The non-invasive line B induced early anorexia and cachexia with a mean survival time of only 15 + 1 days. At death, the line B tumor was still smaller than the line A one, and no metastases were detectable. These two sublines are discussed as a composite model for studying anorexia and cachexia together with invasion and metastasis.
A Transplantable Epithelial Atrio-Caval Tumour in NZR/Gd Rats
Authors: Goodall C.M. , Boyle B.L. , Noronha R.F.X.
Published: April 2018

A permanently transplantable tumour line, ACT-1, has been established from one of the unusual epithelial atrio-caval tumours characteristic of NZR/Gd rats. Data are given on the adaptation of the tumour to serial transplantation, its growth rate, and histologic structure.
Methylprednisolone as an Antiemetic in Patients on Cis-Platinum Chemotherapy. Results of a Controlled Randomized Study
Authors: Kolarić Krsto , Roth Anton
Published: April 2018

In cytostatic drug treatment, nausea and vomiting are very frequent, unpleasent and undesirable side effects that cause considerable discomfort to the patient. However, many established antiemetics (Torecan, haloperidol, Valium, Largactil etc.) have not shown significant antiemetic activity in the patients to whom cytostatics were applied. In our controlled randomized clinical trial, the antiemetic activity of methylprednisolone was investigated and compared with placebo (10 ml saline) and Torecan. All the compounds were injected before cis-platinum administration, knowing that this agent induces vomiting in almost 100% of patients. Ninety patients entered the study and have been evaluated. The results of the trial have shown that methylprednisolone in the single dose of 250 mg applied i.v. 2 h before injection of a cytostatic agent experienced pronounced antiemetic activity in 48% of the patients (15/31), as compared to Torecan 21% (6/29) and placebo 13% (4/30). This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). No side effects were recorded after methylprednisolone application. The results of the study showed that methylprednisolone possesses a pronounced antiemetic activity in almost half of the patients treated with cis-platinum.
Confirmed Activity of Fam Polychemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Fraschini Paolo , Beretta Gianni , Arnoldi Ermenegildo , Tedeschi Lucilla , Labianca Roberto , Luporini Gino
Published: April 2018

During a 3-year period at our hospital, 54 consecutively observed patients with parametric, locally advanced, metastatic gastric carcinoma were treated with fluorouracil + adriaiiiycin + mitomycin C. Of 47 evaluable patients, 44.6% had an objective response (complete + partial response) and 29.7% had stabilized disease. The median duration of response was 7.5 months. The median survival was 8.9 months for all patients. In particular, the survival of responders (>12 months) and of patients with stabilized disease (8.6 months) was significantly longer than that of patients with progressive disease (4.5 months). Toxicity was limited and reversible, which allowed treatment also of patients in poor general condition (PS 3–4 of the Zubrod scale).
Macrophage Characteristics of a Cell Line Isolated in Vitro from a Moloney Lymphoma
Authors: Devani Gian Luigi , Fioretti Armanda , Isetta Anna Maria , Trizio Domenico
Published: April 2018

A new cell line, LM-A, established in vitro from a murine Moloney lymphoma, is described. The line shows the cytologic, adherence, and phagocytic properties of normal macrophages. It forms specific rosettes with antibody-coated erythrocytes. The cells mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity as assayed by release of radioactivity from 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes. The cytolytic reaction proved to be functionally distinct from the phagocytic process as demanstrated by enhanced cytolysis in the presence of iodo-acetamide, an inhibitor of phagocytosis. The line has Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related antigens as detected by membrane immunofluorescence. The LM-A line is useful for the study of macrophage functions and also provides an interesting tool for investigating the antigenic and immunogenic properties induced by MLV in a cell as relevant as the macrophage in the immune response.
Hormone Treatment and Sex Steroid Receptors in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Report of a Multicentric Prospective Study
Authors: Pizzocaro Giorgio , Di Fronzo Giovanni , Cappelletti Vera , Piva Luigi , Salvioni Roberto , Ronchi Enrico , Giongo Alberto , Dormia Enrico , Zanollo Alberto , Giannoni Roberto , Maffeis Vincenzo , Lasio Edoardo
Published: April 2018

Twenty-eight patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma entered a multicentric prospective study to evaluate the response to high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and testosterone in MPA failures in relation to sex steroid receptors. No objective remission was seen in the 24 evaluable patients, and only disease stabilizations of short duration were achieved in one-third of treated patients. Stabilizations achieved with second line testosterone were all seen in patients unresponsive to MPA. Receptor studies demonstrated that estrogen, progesterone, or androgen receptors were found in low concentrations and in only 6 of 23 tumors (26%) and 13 normal tissue samples (56%). Surprisingly, no disease stabilization was achieved in patients positive for receptors. It can be concluded that the occasional objective responses to hormone therapy reported in the literature may have been due to some cytotoxic effect of hormone therapy rather than to a true hormonal mechanism.
Impairment of Antipyrine Metabolism in Urinary Tract Cancer
Authors: Ludovici Maura , Dolara Piero , Costantini Alfiero , Barbagli Guido , Calzolai Anna , Stomaci Niceta
Published: April 2018

The metabolism of antipyrine was studied in 13 patients with cancer and bladder papillomas and in 11 control subjects, matched for interfering factors like smoking, diet, age and sex. The mean antipyrine half-life was significantly longer in patients with urinary tract cancer (14.7 ± 1.32 h SE) than in control subjects (11 ± 0.55 h SE) (P < 0.025); other clinical parameters did not vary.
Results of Combined Treatment of Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Pawlicki Marek , Skolyszewski Jan , Brandys Anna
Published: April 2018

Eighty-seven women with previously untreated locally advanced, inoperable breast cancer were treated by induction chemotherapy combined with subsequent local and systemic treatment. Inflammatory breast cancer was diagnosed in 72 (87.7%) of these patients. In the remaining 15 patients, cancer of the breast in stage T3-4 N2b-3 according to the UICC classification was diagnosed. After remission induction, the patients were irradiated or operated upon. Maintenance chemotherapy was given after local treatment. The 3-year survival rate (61.5%) in the group of patients treated by surgery was significantly higher than the patients treated by irradiation (32.4%) or chemotherapy alone (12.5%). On this basis, a new program of treatment of locally advanced, inoperable breast cancer has been proposed.
Father-Son Testicular Cancer, Case Report
Authors: Musella Roberto , Giaccone Giuseppe , D'Ambrosio Enrico , Calciati Alessandro
Published: April 2018

A case of familial testicular malignancy in a father and his son is reported. This represents the seventh described case of father-son testicular cancer. The father had seminoma and the son had teratocarcinoma. Both patients’ peripheral blood lymphocytes were tested for 52 HLA specificities: the father's antigens were HLA A3, B13, B14, Cw6, Cw8 and the son's were HLA A2, A3, B14, Cw8. (Common haplotype: A3, B14, Cw8). The association between HLA antigens and testicular cancer is discussed.
Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy of Intravascular Bronchioloalveolar Tumor of the Lung
Authors: Pilotti Silvana , Rilke Franco , Lombardi Luciano , Pastorino Ugo
Published: April 2018

We report on an intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor (IVBAT) detected in the lungs of a 45-year-old female. The results of the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations stress the already suggested endothelial origin of the tumor. The clinical and histopathologic differential diagnoses between IVBAT and other rare tumors of the lung are discussed. Similarities of IVBAT with other more or less recently described endothelial tumors of the liver, skin and soft tissues are pointed out.
Tube Leukocyte Adherence-Inhibition Response to Related and Unrelated Tumor Antigens in Mammary Tumor-Bearing Mice
Authors: Chattopadhyay Utpala , Guha Surajit
Published: April 2018

Tube leukocyte adherence-inhibition response to syngeneic mammary tumor antigens and alloantigens from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and fibrosarcoma was studied in spontaneous mammary tumor-bearing C3H/Jax mice. The mice with limited tumor burden responded significantly to the mammary tumor antigen and the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma antigen. The reactivity disappeared with increased tumor load. Oscillatory responses in leukocyte adherence inhibition to the reactive antigens was observed with increasing tumor weight. There was no response to the alloantigen of fibrosarcoma.
Effectiveness of Laser Photoradiation Therapy following Hematoporphyrin Derivative Administration in the Experimental MS-2 Tumor Model
Authors: Zunino Franco , Marchesini Renato , Melloni Elsa , Savi Giuseppina , Pezzoni Gabriella , Locati Lucia , Fava Giannino
Published: April 2018

The effectiveness of laser photoradiation therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative sensitization was tested in the MS-2 sarcoma. This solid tumor, transplanted into the pad of the hind leg of BALB/c mice, was found to be a sensitive experimental model for a quantitative evaluation of response to phototherapy and for determination of critical parameters in laser phototherapy treatment. Under our experimental conditions, optimal therapeutic effects appeared to be critically dependent on drug dose, number of treatments, light intensity, and irradiation of the peripheral border of the tumor.
Non-Platinum-Containing Combination Chemotherapy for Stage III-IV Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma
Authors: Veronesi Andrea , Magri M. Donatella , Tirelli Umberto , Galligioni Enzo , Frustaci Sergio , Crivellari Diana , Tumolo Salvatore , Grigoletto Eligio
Published: April 2018

From May 1980 to November 1981, 51 consecutive patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous carcinoma were treated with 2 successive outpatient chemotherapeutic regimens including adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, bleomycin, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil with or without mitomycin-C. A 34% objective response rate was obtained with acceptable toxicity and good patient compliance. The presence of mitomycin-C did not influence response rate. Median survival was 9 months.
Limitations of CEA Monitoring as a Guide to Second-Look Surgery in Colorectal Cancer Follow-Up
Authors: Fucini Claudio , Tommasi Maria Silvia , Cardona Gaetano , Malatantis Giorgio , Panichi Sergio , Bettini Ugo
Published: April 2018

Forty-two patients with localized colorectal cancer (Dukes’ A, B, C stages) were treated with potentially curative surgery and controlled with a follow-up program, which included CEA monitoring, for a period ranging from 12 to 48 months (median 33 months). During this period, we observed recurrent neoplastic disease in 14 patients. A retrospective analysis of the results showed that: 1. patients with a preoperative CEA value > 20 ng/ml have a significantly higher risk of recurrence than the patients with CEA < 20 ng/ml; 2. sensitivity of the CEA test was good for metastatic recurrent disease, fairly good for residual neoplastic disease, but insufficient for local recurrence; 3. test-specificity was poor, as demonstrated by the negative results of four exploratory laparotomies performed exclusively on the basis of increased CEA levels. Since the principal aim of a second-look operation is the cure of local recurrence, this type of surgery cannot be proposed only on the basis of increased CEA levels.
Cytotoxicity of Subpopulations of Splenic Cells from Normal and Fibrosarcoma - Bearing Mice towards Syngeneic Tumour Cells
Authors: Aroskar Vimal Suhas , Godbole Chintamani Shankar , Chaubal Kamlakar Anant
Published: April 2018

The nonadherent splenic cells from normal and tumour-bearing (mouse fibrosarcoma-MFS) Swiss mice were divided into 6 subpopulations on Percoll step density gradient and characterised. For the determination of their cytotoxicity towards syngeneic MFS cells and their electrophoretic mobility (EPM), the splenic cell populations were pooled to form 2 broad groups: a lower-density group (density of saline to just < 1.069 g/ml) and a higher-density group (1.069 to just < 1.087 gm/ml). In general, the splenic cells from mice bearing 10- to 11-day-old MFS tumours differed in certain characteristics from those of normal mice in that they showed an increase in the following: proliferation, heterogeneity, with appearance of large cells (>70 μ2); cells with a lower density (< 1.069 g/ml); cells with a lower (< 0.85 μ/sec/Volt/cm) anodi cEPM. The cytotoxicity studies revealed that: a) the lower-density splenic cells of both normal and tumour-bearing mice were more cytotoxic than the higher-density splenic cells; b) the lower- and higher-density splenic cells of tumour-bearing mice were more cytotoxic than the corresponding cells of normal mice. These findings indicate that the splenic cells of mice with a lower EPM and a lower density are the main contributors of cell-mediated cytolysis of a subpopulation of MFS cells.
Specific Lif Production in Laryngeal Cancer Patients: Evidence of Suppressor Activity Exerted by Adherent Cells
Authors: Cortesina Giorgio , Bussi Mario , Morra Bruno , Beatrice Fabio , Cavallo Giovanni Patrick , Di Fortunato Valerio , Poggio Ester , Rendine Sabina , Sartoris Alberto , Landolfo Santo
Published: April 2018

The specific tumor-induced LIF production in 30 laryngeal cancer patients has been investigated before and after the removal of adherent cells to evaluate the existence of a suppressor activity. LIF production, after challenging lymphocytes with 3 M KCl autologous tumor extracts, was significant in 16 patients and showed a further significant increase after removal of adherent cells. A conversion to significance when the adherent cells were removed was shown in 6 patients, with no previous significant LIF production. These data suggest the existence of a suppressor activity exerted by adherent cells on LIF production in laryngeal cancer patients.
Biological Appraisal of Liver Status in Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Canal Pierre , Bugat Roland , Fernet Pierre , Cassigneul Jean , Sonia Georges
Published: April 2018

A prospective study of the ability of laboratory tests to detect or to exclude hepatic metastases was performed. Seventy-four patients who underwent liver biopsies were divided into 3 groups: 1) 33 patients with secondary liver involvement from adenocarcinoma; 2) 21 subjects suffering from a non-malignant hepatic disease, and 3) 20 cancerous patients free of overt hepatic metastases. They were investigated with 7 laboratory tests. No single test had a positive predictive value higher than 75%. This percentage was increased to 84% by combining the results of both CEA and rapidly migrating liver alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme ALP 1. More important was the fact that when those parameters were both normal, the negative predictive value was 93%, thus tending to exclude a liver metastatic involvement with an acceptable confidence limit.
Therapeutic Activity of 4-Demethoxydauno-Rubicin (Idarubicin) in Adult Acute Leukemia
Authors: Lambertenghi-Deliliers Giorgio , Pogliani Enrico , Maiolo Anna T. , Pacciarini Maria A. , Polli Elio E.
Published: April 2018

Twenty-six patients affected by acute leukemia were treated with 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin), a new anthracycline compound which in experimental leukemias showed an anti-tumoral activity superior to daunorubicin (DNR) and doxorubicin (DX), with a higher ratio of active to cardiotoxic doses. A group of 16 patients in relapse received idarubicin at a dosage of 5–6 mg/m2/day for 3 consecutive days; a second group of 6 relapsing and 4 previously untreated cases was treated with a sequential combination of idarubicin and arabinosyl cytosine. In all patients, a significant fall of bone marrow and peripheral blast cells was obtained. These preliminary results suggest that idarubicin has a therapeutic activity against human acute leukemias usually responsive to DNR or DX. The duration of myelosuppression varied from 7 to 50 days, leading in some cases to a high risk of infections. As regards other toxic effects (gastrointestinal, hepatic and acute cardiac toxicity, alopecia), idarubicin appears to be, in our experience, a well-tolerated drug; however, it is too early to comment on delayed cardiac effects.
Lung Cancer Care in General Hospitals
Authors: Liberati Alessandro , Confalonieri Carlo , Andreani Amato , Colombo Fabio , Franceschi Silvia , La Veccbia Carlo , Talamini Renato , Tognoni Gianni
Published: April 2018

Diagnostic procedure, therapeutic care and degree of follow-up delivered to 1692 lung cancer patients over 2 years (1978–79) in 31 Italian hospitals were reviewed. The data show marked deficiencies in the various indicators analysed: staging by standard methods was recorded only in 13% of patients; reliable histocytologic classification in 54% of patients. A group of commonly accepted protocols was adopted as first-line therapy only in 49% of treated cases; 19% of patients were regularly followed according to standard programs, whereas 49% had been dropped without any information in the charts. Better performance, although not satisfactory, was found in hospitals with oncologic facilities and wards compared to centers without « ad hoc » organizations. The discussion focussed on the limits of organizational measures and efforts to determine widespread improvement in care for a disease such as lung cancer for which real therapeutic gains are still hard to achieve.