bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous screening of overexpressed genes in breast cancer for oncogenic drivers and tumor dependencies
Authors: Mofunanya Adaobi , Cameron Eleanor R. , Braun Christian J. , Celeste Frank , Zhao Xiaoyu , Hemann Michael T. , Scott Kenneth L. , Li Jinyu , Powers Scott
Published: June 2024

There are hundreds of genes typically overexpressed in breast cancer cells and it's often assumed that their overexpression contributes to cancer progression. However, the precise proportion of these overexpressed genes contributing to tumorigenicity remains unclear. To address this gap, we undertook a comprehensive screening of a diverse set of seventy-two genes overexpressed in breast cancer. This systematic screening evaluated their potential for inducing malignant transformation and, concurrently, assessed their impact on breast cancer cell proliferation and viability. Select genes including ALDH3B1, CEACAM5, IL8, PYGO2, and WWTR1, exhibited pronounced activity in promoting tumor formation and establishing gene dependencies critical for tumorigenicity. Subsequent investigations revealed that CEACAM5 overexpression triggered the activation of signaling pathways involving β-catenin, Cdk4, and mTOR. Additionally, it conferred a growth advantage independent of exogenous insulin in defined medium and facilitated spheroid expansion by inducing multiple layers of epithelial cells while preserving a hollow lumen. Furthermore, the silencing of CEACAM5 expression synergized with tamoxifen-induced growth inhibition in breast cancer cells. These findings underscore the potential of screening overexpressed genes for both oncogenic drivers and tumor dependencies to expand the repertoire of therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
Associations between circadian alignment and cognitive functioning in a nationally representative sample of older adults
Authors: Leahy Sophie , Xiao Qian , Yeung Chris Ho Ching , Figueiro Mariana G.
Published: June 2024

Proper alignment of activity-rest and light–dark patterns allows for healthy bodily functions to occur at optimal times of the day. Disruptions to this alignment may cause poor sleep as well as physical, mental, and cognitive problems. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine if poorer circadian alignment was associated with decreased cognitive functioning among older (> 60 years) participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We utilized actigraphy-based rest-activity and dark-light measurements to calculate phasor magnitude (strength of circadian alignment coupling) and phasor angle (phase difference between activity-rest and light–dark cycles). Multiple linear regression models were used to determine associations of phasor magnitude and angle with performance in various cognitive tests, including Digit Symbol Substitution Test score (DSSS), CERAD Savings Percentage (CSP), and Animal Fluency Test (AFT) score. The results showed that a lower phasor magnitude (which indicates decreased strength of alignment coupling between rest-activity and dark–light cycles) was significantly associated with decreased DSSS (indicating slower processing speed and poorer working memory) when controlling for many important sociodemographic factors. However, this association became non-significant when accounting for sleep duration and total physical activity. Phasor angle did not have a significant association with any of the cognitive scores. Overall, we provided evidence indicating that circadian alignment may be a predictor of cognitive performance. Future studies should investigate whether improving circadian alignment may improve cognitive function and prevent cognitive decline.
Anomalous coherent and dissipative coupling in dual photon-magnon hybrid resonators
Authors: Jeon Haechan , Kim Bojong , Kim Junyoung , Bhoi Biswanath , Kim Sang-Koog
Published: June 2024

We explored the distinctive behavior of coherent and dissipative photon-magnon coupling (PMC) in dual hybrid resonators, each incorporating an Inverted Split-Ring Resonator (ISRR) paired with a Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) film, positioned in close proximity but with varying relative split-gap orientations. These orientations led to notable shifts in the dispersion spectra, characterized by level repulsion and attraction, signaling coherent and dissipative coupling, respectively, in single ISRR/YIG hybrids at certain orientations. Through analytical modeling, we determined that the observed shifts in coupling types are primarily due to the effect of photon-photon (ISRR-ISRR) interactions altering the phase difference between the coupled ISRR and magnon modes. Our findings highlight that precise manipulation of the relative split-gap orientations in the ISRR resonators enables controlled coherent and dissipative coupling within planar PMC systems. This capability opens new avenues for applications in quantum information technologies and quantum materials.
Investigation of cytotoxic effect and action mechanism of a synthetic peptide derivative of rabbit cathelicidin against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line
Authors: Bashi Marzieh , Madanchi Hamid , Yousefi Bahman
Published: June 2024

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have sparked significant interest as potential anti-cancer agents, thereby becoming a focal point in pursuing novel cancer-fighting strategies. These peptides possess distinctive properties, underscoring the importance of developing more potent and selectively targeted versions with diverse mechanisms of action against human cancer cells. Such advancements would offer notable advantages compared to existing cancer therapies. This research aimed to examine the toxicity and selectivity of the nrCap18 peptide in both cancer and normal cell lines. Furthermore, the rate of cellular death was assessed using apoptosis and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining at three distinct incubation times. Additionally, the impact of this peptide on the cancer cell cycle and migration was evaluated, and ultimately, the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) genes was investigated. The results obtained from the study demonstrated significant toxicity and selectivity in cancer cells compared to normal cells. Moreover, a strong progressive increase in cell death was observed over time. Furthermore, the peptide exhibited the ability to halt the progression of cancer cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and impede their migration by suppressing the expression of CDK4/6 genes.
A deep learning-based automated diagnosis system for SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Kusumoto Dai , Akiyama Takumi , Hashimoto Masahiro , Iwabuchi Yu , Katsuki Toshiomi , Kimura Mai , Akiba Yohei , Sawada Hiromune , Inohara Taku , Yuasa Shinsuke , Fukuda Keiichi , Jinzaki Masahiro , Ieda Masaki
Published: June 2024

Images obtained from single-photon emission computed tomography for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI SPECT) contain noises and artifacts, making cardiovascular disease diagnosis difficult. We developed a deep learning-based diagnosis support system using MPI SPECT images. Single-center datasets of MPI SPECT images (n = 5443) were obtained and labeled as healthy or coronary artery disease based on diagnosis reports. Three axes of four-dimensional datasets, resting, and stress conditions of three-dimensional reconstruction data, were reconstructed, and an AI model was trained to classify them. The trained convolutional neural network showed high performance [area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve: approximately 0.91; area under the recall precision curve: 0.87]. Additionally, using unsupervised learning and the Grad-CAM method, diseased lesions were successfully visualized. The AI-based automated diagnosis system had the highest performance (88%), followed by cardiologists with AI-guided diagnosis (80%) and cardiologists alone (65%). Furthermore, diagnosis time was shorter for AI-guided diagnosis (12 min) than for cardiologists alone (31 min). Our high-quality deep learning-based diagnosis support system may benefit cardiologists by improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing working hours.
Computer vision with artificial intelligence for a fast, low-cost, eco-friendly and accurate prediction of beer styles and brands
Authors: Victor de Sousa Dutra João , Salles Maiara Oliveira , Michel Ricardo Cunha , Vale Daniella Lopez
Published: June 2024

Beer is the most consumed alcoholic beverage worldwide and are highly susceptible to fraudulent processes. This work developed a low-cost computer vision prototype with an artificial neural network for beer prediction of styles and brands.
Quantitative analysis of cement raw materials based on nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Cai Yongqi , Ma Xiaoyu , Ju Dianyuan , Wang Xiaohong
Published: June 2024

The nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (NELIBS) technique has attracted much attention because of its significant spectral enhancement as well as the reduction of spectral noise.
Experimental and numerical investigation of microdialysis probes for ethanol metabolism studies
Authors: Lee Tse-Ang , Peng Jessie , Walia Divjot , Gonzales Rueben , Hutter Tanya
Published: June 2024

Simultaneous measurement of ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetate.
Capturing ammonium nitrate in a synthetic uranium oxide hydrate phase: revealing the role of ammonium ions and anion inclusions
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Ablott Timothy A. , Nicholas Maria K. , Karatchevtseva Inna , Plášil Jakub
Published: June 2024

The role of ammonium ions on the formation of uranium oxide hydrate phases has been investigated, with interlayer hydrogen bonding and the inclusion of nitrate anions being revealed.
Synthesis and pH-responsive properties of bacteria mimicking hydrogel capsules
Authors: Kozlovskaya Veronika , Kharlampieva Eugenia
Published: June 2024

Synthetic imitation of nonspherical microorganisms can enhance therapeutic delivery in the body. Hydrogel microcapsules with bacteria-mimicking shapes were synthesized through a multilayer assembly of polymers on sacrificial microparticle surfaces.
Efficient plasmonic water splitting by heteroepitaxial junction-induced faceting of gold nanoparticles on an anatase titanium(iv) oxide nanoplate array electrode
Authors: Naya Shin-ichi , Morita Yoko , Sugime Hisashi , Soejima Tetsuro , Fujishima Musashi , Tada Hiroaki
Published: June 2024

Faceting of Au NPs is induced by a heteroepitaxial junction on anatase TiO2(001) nanoplate array. Light irradiation of the plasmonic electrode generates current for water oxidation at λ < 900 nm with a maximum efficiency of 0.39% at λ = 600 nm.
Tailoring the d-band center enables La doped ZnIn2S4 to be active for boosting photocatalytic activation of oxygen and degradation of antibiotics in wastewater
Authors: Hu Yiwen , Ma Xiao , Fan Guoli , Yang Lan , Li Feng
Published: June 2024

Tailoring the d-band center makes La doped ZnIn2S4 an efficient photocatalyst for the activation of oxygen and degradation of antibiotics in wastewater.
Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of novel coumarin/thiazole congeners as potential CDK2 inhibitors with molecular dynamics
Authors: Bondock Samir , Alabbad Nada , Hossan Aisha , Abdou Moaz M. , Shati Ali A. , Alfaifi Mohammad Y. , Elbehairi Serag E. I. , Mohamed Nada M.
Published: June 2024

A series of novel coumarin–thiazoles was designed and synthesized as a possible CDK2 inhibitor with anticancer activity with low toxicity.
Carboxylic acid isomer-directed synthesis of CdS nanocluster isomers
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liu Yu , Liu Mingyang , Wang Zhenzhu , Qi Ting , Zhang Mingming , shi Hao , Song Jun
Published: June 2024

Here, we develop an effective strategy for the selective synthesis of CdS nanocluster isomers through the judicious choice of a pair of carboxylic acid isomer additives.
Achieving long-lived photogenerated holes in ZnIn2S4 loaded with CoOx clusters for enhanced photocatalytic pure water splitting
Authors: Zhang Qingsheng , Yuan Shuya , Yin Huabing , Yang Jianjun , Guan Zhongjie
Published: June 2024

Ultra-small CoOx clusters efficiently capture holes and prolong the lifetime of trapped holes, as well as boost surface water oxidation, thus remarkably improving the photocatalytic pure water splitting performance of ZnIn2S4.
Improving the control of the electroforming process in oxide-based memristive devices by X-ray nanopatterning
Authors: Mino Lorenzo , Bonino Valentina , Alessio Andrea , Picollo Federico , Kuncser Andrei , Mercioniu Ionel , Vlaicu Aurel-Mihai , Badica Petre , Brescia Rosaria , Fretto Matteo , Goss Kalle , Dittmann Regina , Truccato Marco
Published: June 2024

We tuned the oxygen content in a Ta/TiO2/Pt memristive device at the nanoscale by a synchrotron X-ray nanobeam. We obtained a conductive filament of oxygen vacancies in the desired position in the material to achieve a controlled resistive switching.
Effect of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Perifascial Areolar Tissue Transplant
Authors: Oshima Junya , Shibuya Yoichiro , Sasaki Kaoru , Sekido Mitsuru
Published: June 2024

Background Perifascial areolar tissue (PAT) transplant is a technique in which a sheet of connective tissue on the fascia is harvested and transplanted to the wound bed. PAT engraftment fails when the exposed area of tendons, bones, or artificial materials is large. On the other hand, combination of tissue transplant and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) improves the survival rate of the transplanted tissue.

Materials and Methods A wound model was created in which the artificial material was exposed on rats' backs. All the rats underwent PAT transplant, but the rats were divided into two groups according to the PAT processing method beforehand. In one group, the PAT was immersed in water for injection before transplant (bFGF[–] group), and in the other group, the PAT was immersed in bFGF product (bFGF[+] group). Specimens were collected 7 days after surgery to assess the histologic thickness of the PAT and the gene expression in the PAT.

Results The thickness of the PAT in the tissue slices was significantly higher in the bFGF(+) group than in the bFGF(–) group. Expressions of CD34 and COL3A1 were significantly higher in the bFGF(+) group than in the bFGF(–) group.

Conclusion The results of this study indicate that adding bFGF to the PAT transplant may promote PAT engraftment and wound healing by increasing angiogenesis and may increase granulation formation, which may result in a stronger covering that prevents the prosthesis from being exposed.
Self-assembling dendrimer nanosystems for specific fluorine magnetic resonance imaging and effective theranostic treatment of tumors
Authors: Lyu Zhenbin , Ralahy Brigino , Perles-Barbacaru Teodora-Adriana , Ding Ling , Jiang Yifan , Lian Baoping , Roussel Tom , Liu Xi , Galanakou Christina , Laurini Erik , Tintaru Aura , Giorgio Suzanne , Pricl Sabrina , Liu Xiaoxuan , Bernard Monique , Iovanna Juan , Viola Angèle , Peng Ling
Published: June 2024

Fluorine magnetic resonance imaging (
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F-MRI) is particularly promising for biomedical applications owing to the absence of fluorine in most biological systems. However, its use has been limited by the lack of safe and water-soluble imaging agents with high fluorine contents and suitable relaxation properties. We report innovative
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F-MRI agents based on supramolecular dendrimers self-assembled by an amphiphilic dendrimer composed of a hydrophobic alkyl chain and a hydrophilic dendron. Specifically, this amphiphilic dendrimer bears multiple negatively charged terminals with high fluorine content, which effectively prevented intra- and intermolecular aggregation of fluorinated entities via electrostatic repulsion. This permitted high fluorine nuclei mobility alongside good water solubility with favorable relaxation properties for use in
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F-MRI. Importantly, the self-assembling
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F-MRI agent was able to encapsulate the near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) agent DiR and the anticancer drug paclitaxel for multimodal
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F-MRI and NIRF imaging of and theranostics for pancreatic cancer, a deadly disease for which there remains no adequate early detection method or efficacious treatment. The
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F-MRI and multimodal
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F-MRI and NIRF imaging studies on human pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice confirmed the capability of both imaging modalities to specifically image the tumors and demonstrated the efficacy of the theranostic agent in cancer treatment, largely outperforming the clinical anticancer drug paclitaxel. Consequently, these dendrimer nanosystems constitute promising
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F-MRI agents for effective cancer management. This study offers a broad avenue to the construction of
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F-MRI agents and theranostics, exploiting self-assembling supramolecular dendrimer chemistry.
Investigating the complementiser that
in the verb complementation of Black South African English
Authors: Partridge Maristi
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the constraints that play a role in Black South African English (BSAfE) as a
second-language (L2) variety of English in terms of the that/Ø-alternation in the verb complementation
patterns of BSAfE. Previous research suggests that cross-linguistic influence (CLI) has a significant effect on this feature
in BSAfE. This chapter aims to determine how CLI relates to other psycholinguistic and sociocognitive constraints. While BSAfE
as an L2 variety demonstrates a lower rate of Ø-complementation than the first-language variety (L1), the findings of this
study suggest that the importance of CLI may have been overstated in the literature, and shared constraints operate in both
varieties in similar ways.
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura)
Authors:   Fera Science, Audsley Neil , Avila Gonzalo ,   Plant & Food Research, Ioratti Claudio ,   Fondazione Edmund Mach, Caron Valerie ,   CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Ferracini Chiara ,   Università di Torino, Bukovinszki Tibor ,   Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Kenis Marc ,   CABI, Milonas Panagiotis ,   Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Herz Annette ,   Julius Kühn-Institut, Trdan Stanislav ,   University of Ljubljana, Fatu Ana-Christina ,   Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Sabbatini-Peverieri Giuseppino ,   Agricultural Research Council South Africa, Lesieur Vincent ,   CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Borowiec Nicolas ,   Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Collatz Jana ,   Agroscope, Tanner Rob ,   European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, McGee Conor ,   Department of Agriculture Food and the Marine Ireland
Published: June 2024

The spotted wing Drosophila, (Drosophila suzukii) native to East Asia, has become an invasive species in Hawaii, USA, since 1980 and has spread globally, affecting economically important crops, such as berries and cherries. The high reproductive rate and polyphagous nature of this species, facilitated by a unique serrated ovipositor, lead to significant crop damage and economic losses. Control measures, including insecticides and biological controls, have limited effectiveness due to frequent re-infestations. Research in Asia identified 3 promising parasitoid species for classical biological control, i.e. Ganaspis brasiliensis, Leptopilina japonica and Asobara japonica. Among them, G. brasiliensis (particularly genetic group G1) shows the highest host specificity to D. suzukii and has been approved for release in several regions. Other parasitoids, such as Trichopria drosophilae and Pachycrepoideus vindemiae, have limited field effectiveness. Classical biological control using specific parasitoids offers a potential solution to reduce D. suzukii populations and mitigate economic damage.
Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (StÃ¥l)
Authors:   Fera Science, Audsley Neil , Avila Gonzalo ,   Plant & Food Research, Ioratti Claudio ,   Fondazione Edmund Mach, Caron Valerie ,   CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Ferracini Chiara ,   Università di Torino, Bukovinszki Tibor ,   Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Kenis Marc ,   CABI, Milonas Panagiotis ,   Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Herz Annette ,   Julius Kühn-Institut, Trdan Stanislav ,   University of Ljubljana, Fatu Ana-Christina ,   Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Sabbatini-Peverieri Giuseppino ,   Agricultural Research Council South Africa, Lesieur Vincent ,   CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Borowiec Nicolas ,   Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Collatz Jana ,   Agroscope, Tanner Rob ,   European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, McGee Conor ,   Department of Agriculture Food and the Marine Ireland
Published: June 2024

The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, a severe pest of Asian origin, has spread to Europe, North America and South America, causing significant damage to fruits, vegetables and nuts. Chemical control methods are often ineffective due to the high mobility, broad host range and resilience of the pest. Biological control, particularly using egg parasitoids, presents a promising long-term solution. The egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus is considered the most promising candidate for biological control, with adventive populations found in Europe and North America showing varying levels of impact on H. halys populations. Another egg parasitoid, Trissolcus mitsukurii, has also been detected in Europe and shows potential as a biological control agent. While these parasitoids are oligophagous and occasionally target non-H. halys species, their strong preference for H. halys makes them viable for biological control efforts. Ongoing introduction and redistribution efforts aim to enhance their impact on H. halys populations.
Dual-mode neuron design with deterministic and non-deterministic operations using adiabatic superconductor devices
Authors: Yamauchi Tomoharu , Takeuchi Naoki , Yoshikawa Nobuyuki , San Hao , Chen Olivia
Published: June 2024

In this research, we unveil an innovative strategy in neuromorphic computing by developing a neuron model tailored for the energy-efficient Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron (AQFP) logic. This model is particularly aimed at enhancing neural network accelerators. Our design of the AQFP-based neuron operates effectively in both deterministic and non-deterministic modes. In deterministic mode, the design relies on superconducting inductive coupling to activate neurons by comparing the sum of AQFP signal currents against a tunable threshold. For non-deterministic operation, we demonstrate how altering specific circuit parameters can correlate these aggregated currents with the non-deterministic operational range of an AQFP current comparator. We verified its versatility and functionality by fabricating varied circuits and conducting extensive tests, confirming its practical application potential. Our work not only showcases the practical implementation of AQFP in neuromorphic computing but also sets a foundation for future advancements in energy-efficient AI hardware.
Experimental and numerical simulation research on shock wave rock-breaking by high voltage electric pulse
Authors: Liu Weiji , Zhou Xin , Zhu Xiaohua
Published: June 2024

High-voltage electric pulse(HVEP) drilling technology has the advantages of high rock-breaking efficiency, green and non-polluting. Aiming at the importance of HVEP drilling technology in generating plasma channels, plasma shock waves, and rock-breaking pits, this paper carries out multi-physics field numerical simulations and indoor electric pulse breakdown experiments. This paper first constructs a two-dimensional numerical model of rock electric breakdown. The simulation of HVEP rock breaking, plasma channel and plasma shock wave is realized from the five-field coupling and combined with the wave control equations. The effects of different electrode shapes on the plasma channel, breakdown channel and shock wave are analyzed. Then, this paper designed an indoor HVEP rock-breaking experiment to investigate the influence of different electrode shapes on rock breakdown and plasma shock waves. The simulation and experimental results show that the indoor electric pulse breakdown experiment results are consistent with the simulation results; The plasma channels are formed by the ‘electrical damage’ through each other, and the secondary plasma channel is often generated inside the rock. The generation of the secondary plasma channel means that the rock fragmentation depth and the fragmentation area will be increased; The larger the contact area of the electrode bit with the rock, the larger the radius (volume) of the plasma channel and the smaller the amplitude of the plasma shock wave; The quadrangular electrode bits have the best rock-breaking effect and are recommended; The conical electrode bit has the most excellent dispersion in the statistical analysis of the electric pulse rock-breaking effect, and the stability of the rock-breaking effect is poor, so it is recommended to use it together with the composite drill bit; The cylindrical electrode bit has the best aggregation degree of electric pulse rock-breaking and the most stable rock-breaking effect.
Facile design of a low-cost laser CUT-OFF filter with PMMA polymer nanocomposite doped with Mg0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4: structural, optical, and dielectric properties
Authors: Alzahrani Asmaa S , Abulyazied Dalia E , Abomostafa H M
Published: June 2024

This study employed the sol gel auto-combustion approach to synthesize Mg0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles. Additionally, the casting method was used to fabricate Mg0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/PMMA nanocomposite polymer films. The structural properties were analyzed by the utilization of x-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The UV-visible spectrophotometer examination was used to evaluate the optical properties of the produced nanocomposite films, such as absorbance, transmittance, indirect energy band gap, Urbach energy, excitation coefficient, and refractive index. Two indirect optical energy gaps are calculated, whereas they decreased from 4.56 eV to 4.33 eV, and from 4.04 eV to 3.01 eV, while the Urbach energy increased from 0.304 eV to 0.524 eV as the nanofillers increased from 0 to 4 wt%. An investigation was conducted to examine the impact of nanoparticle doping on the dielectric constant, electric modulus, and ac conductivity. The Mg0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/PMMA nanocomposite films demonstrate higher permittivity and ac conductivity and a lower dissipation factor and electric modulus compared to pure PMMA. The dielectric permittivity (ε′) increased from 2.76 to 3.43 at a constant frequency 100 Hz up to 2 wt.% of Mg0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 then decreased to 2.41 while the dissipation factor tan(δ) decreased from 0.1 to 0.046 at the same frequency. The nanocomposite films are well-suited for utilization in CUT-OFF selective laser filters, solar cells, energy storage devices, and other applications in related industries.
Probing quantum discord and coherence dynamics in the discrete-time quantum walk under generalized amplitude damping noise channel
Authors: Ishak Nur Izzati , Muniandy S V
Published: June 2024

We investigate the behaviour of one-dimensional dissipative Hadamard discrete-time quantum walk (DTQW) in the generalized amplitude damping channel. By manipulating the noise intensity, we uncover intriguing dynamics in the coherence of the coin state such as rebounding and freezing phenomena. The entanglement between the quantum walker’ states diminishes at lower dissipation rates despite the pronounced coherence. The non-classical characters of the dissipative DTQW becomes evident through the manifestation of quantum discord. Our study shows that even under maximum dissipation stemming from both zero and finite-temperature environment, the quantum walker retains rudimentary non-classical behaviours. It is shown that fine-tuning the parameter governing the coin rotation angle optimizes the quantum discord of the walker. These results are useful for optimizing quantum walks in the presence of noisy channels.
Tailoring the physical characteristics of ScTaPd2Sn2 and ScTaPt2Sn2 double half-Heusler compound for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Mekki H , Baaziz H , Charifi Z , Ghellab T , Mili I
Published: June 2024

Due to its potential uses in thermoelectrics, spintronics, and other sectors, double half-Heusler compounds have recently attracted much attention. This study presents the first-ever report on the structural, electronic, optical, elastic, and thermoelectric characteristics of the double half Heusler (DHH) compounds ScTaPd2Sn2 and ScTaPt2Sn2, employing density functional theory (DFT). Using the EV-GGA approximation, the estimated band structures exhibit a semiconductor behavior with an indirect bandgap of 0.549 eV and 0.851 eV, respectively. In addition, we examined optical characteristics. Our material structural stability and stiffness were confirmed using elastic characteristics. Boltzmann’s semiclassical theory attempts to explain a simulation concept in the BoltzTrap software. According to the thermoelectric investigation, these DHH are a p-type material, a candidate for thermoelectric application, specifically when doped.
Gravitational wave signals from early matter domination: interpolating between fast and slow transitions
Authors: Pearce Matthew , Pearce Lauren , White Graham , Balázs Csaba
Published: June 2024

An epoch of matter domination in the early universe can enhance the primordial stochastic gravitational wave signal, potentially making it detectable to upcoming gravitational wave experiments. However, the resulting gravitational wave signal is quite sensitive to the end of the early matter-dominated epoch. If matter domination ends gradually, a cancellation results in an extremely suppressed signal, while in the limit of an instantaneous transition, there is a resonant-like enhancement. The end of the matter dominated epoch cannot be instantaneous, however, and previous analyses have used a Gaussian smoothing technique to account for this, and consider only a limited regime around the fast transition limit. In this work, we present a study of the enhanced gravitational wave signal from early matter domination without making either approximation and show how the signal smoothly evolves from the strongly suppressed to strongly enhanced regimes.
Hubble tension in a nonminimally coupled curvature-matter gravity model
Authors: Barroso Varela Miguel , Bertolami Orfeu
Published: June 2024

The presently open problem of the Hubble tension is shown to be removed in the context of a modified theory of gravity with a non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter. By evolving the cosmological parameters that match the cosmic microwave background data until their values from direct late-time measurements, we obtain an agreement between different experimental methods without disrupting their individual validity. These modified gravity models are shown to provide adequate fits for other observational data from recent astrophysical surveys and to reproduce the late-time accelerated expansion of the Universe without the inclusion of a cosmological constant. This compatibility with observations presents further evidence of the versatility of these models in mimicking diverse cosmological phenomena in a unified manner.
Intan Technologies integrated circuits can produce analog-to-digital conversion artifacts that affect neural signal acquisition
Authors: Barth Katrina , Schmitz Cecilia , Jochum Thomas , Viventi Jonathan
Published: June 2024

Objective. Intan Technologies’ integrated circuits (ICs) are valuable tools for neurophysiological data acquisition, providing signal amplification, filtering, and digitization from many channels (up to 64 channels/chip) at high sampling rates (up to 30 kSPS) within a compact package (⩽9× 7 mm). However, we found that the analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in the Intan RHD2000 series ICs can produce artifacts in recorded signals. Here, we examine the effects of these ADC artifacts on neural signal quality and describe a method to detect them in recorded data. Approach. We identified two types of ADC artifacts produced by Intan ICs: 1) jumps, resulting from missing output codes, and 2) flatlines, resulting from overrepresented output codes. We identified ADC artifacts in neural recordings acquired with Intan RHD2000 ICs and tested the repeated performance of 17 ICs in vitro. With the on-chip digital-signal-processing disabled, we detected the ADC artifacts in each test recording by examining the distribution of unfiltered ADC output codes. Main Results. We found larger ADC artifacts in recordings using the Intan RHX data acquisition software versions 3.0–3.2, which did not run the necessary ADC calibration command when the inputs to the Intan recording controller were rescanned. This has been corrected in the Intan RHX software version 3.3. We found that the ADC calibration routine significantly reduced, but did not fully eliminate, the occurrence and size of ADC artifacts as compared with recordings acquired when the calibration routine was not run (p < 0.0001). When the ADC calibration routine was run, we found that the artifacts produced by each ADC were consistent over time, enabling us to sort ICs by performance. Significance. Our findings call attention to the importance of evaluating signal quality when acquiring electrophysiological data using Intan Technologies ICs and offer a method for detecting ADC artifacts in recorded data.
Spectral statistics of driven Bose-Hubbard models
Authors: Mateos Jesús , Sols Fernando , Creffield Charles
Published: June 2024

We study the spectral statistics of a one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model subjected to kinetic driving; a form of Floquet engineering where the kinetic energy is periodically driven in time with a zero time-average. As the amplitude of the driving is increased, the ground state of the resulting flat-band system passes from the Mott insulator regime to an exotic superfluid. We show that this transition is accompanied by a change in the system’s spectral statistics from Poisson to GOE-type. Remarkably, and unlike in the conventional Bose–Hubbard model which we use as a benchmark, the details of the GOE statistics are sensitive to the parity of both the particle number and the lattice sites. We show how this effect arises from a hidden symmetry of the Hamiltonian produced by this form of Floquet driving.
Introduction of BaMO3 artificial pins into high mixing entropy FF-MOD REBCO thin films
Authors: Masuda H , Matsuda J , Ishii R , Miura O
Published: June 2024

We have synthesized middle-entropy type REBCO (ME-REBCO) and high-entropy type REBCO (HE-REBCO) superconducting thin films with BaCeO3 artificial pins by fluorine-free metal organic deposition (FF-MOD) method and evaluated their crystallinity and superconducting properties. The c-axis orientation of crystals was confirmed by XRD analysis for all thin films. The superconducting transition temperatures in all films were over 90 K. STEM observation revealed that the crystal lattice of HE-REBCO was slightly distorted compared to a normal GdBCO film. This distortion is expected to be a “backlash” in the crystal and contribute to an increase in the allowable amounts of artificial pins. The critical current densities and flux pinning force densities at 77.3 K were enhanced by Ce doping, indicating that BaCeO3 artificial pins were introduced into the FF-MOD ME-REBCO and HE-REBCO films.
Effect of eddy currents on metal fine particles in high gradient magnetic separation using a superconducting magnet
Authors: Chen H , Miura O
Published: June 2024

Dry high gradient magnetic separation is one of the key technologies expected in removing magnetic metal fine particles as contaminations in the production process of various powders. However, the effect of eddy currents on such metal fine particles in dry high gradient magnetic separation has not been adequately explored in previous research. In order to understand this phenomenon more comprehensively, we conducted particle trajectory simulations using a finite element analysis with numerical methods and actual magnetic separation experiments to investigate the influence of eddy currents on magnetic separation efficiency. The results show that for both paramagnetic and diamagnetic metal particles, eddy currents can favourably influence the capture efficiency. Furthermore, these effects depend on the particle size, electrical conductivity, and the rate of change in the magnetic field. Therefore, by taking eddy currents into account, magnetic separation systems can be better optimized and their performance further improved.
Sea surface temperature budget in Indonesian seas: the role of vertical turbulent flux and its east–west variations
Authors: Amri F , Eladawy A , Nakamura T
Published: June 2024

The vertical turbulent flux, which comprises heat flux and vertical mixing, is one of key processes governing seawater temperature changes in the vertical direction. In this study, the influence of vertical turbulent flux on sea surface temperature (represented by a layer between the free-surface and approximately 20 m depth) in Indonesian seas was diagnosed from an eddy-permitting ocean modeling experiment result. The heat flux, as the sum of the net heat flux at the surface and penetrative shortwave radiation at the base of the surface layer, induced a net cooling tendency in both eastern and western Indonesia (represented by the Java Sea and Banda Sea, respectively). The cooling tendency due to the heat flux was opposed by the warming tendency induced by vertical mixing at the base of the surface layer, preventing excessive heat loss in the surface layer. An exception occurred during the Boreal Autumn in the Banda Sea, when the heat flux and vertical mixing resulted in warming and cooling tendencies, respectively. It was further found that the effect of vertical mixing on the surface layer heat budget was sensitive to the selection of the base layer depth, highlighting the mixing-related dynamic variation within the water column. In summary, this study provides additional insights into the near-surface dynamics that govern sea surface temperature seasonality in Indonesian Seas.
Variability of Indonesian Throughflow Transport in the Indonesian Seas during Triple-Dip La Niña
Authors: Fekranie N. A. , Setiawan A. , Putri M. R.
Published: June 2024

The Indonesian seas serve as an important conduit for the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), a critical system of warm water and freshwater transport connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) significantly impacts the regional variability in the Pacific and exerts a profound influence on water mass transport from the Pacific to the Indian Oceans. This study focuses on the influence of triple-dip La Niña events during two distinct periods (1998 – 2001 and 2020 – 2023) on the variability of ITF transport in key areas of the Indonesian seas, including the Makassar, Lombok, and Ombai Straits, Flores and Banda Seas, and Timor Passage. Using forecast and reanalysis data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), transport calculations are conducted across cross-sectional profiles representing the study areas. The results reveal that the volume transport is significantly higher at depths ranging from ∼50 – 300 m. It also shows seasonal fluctuations in volume transport across all regions, with lower transport during winter (DJF) and higher transport during summer (JJA) and transition period (SON) in the Makassar and Lombok Straits. In the Flores and Banda Seas, Ombai Strait, and Timor Passage, the surface volume transport follows seasonal patterns, while at deeper depths (∼50 – 300 m and 300 – 800 m) exhibits distinct fluctuations compared to the surface. Triple-dip La Niña events lead to an overall increase in volume transport during both periods, with the 2019 – 2023 period showing larger values (∼19 Sv) compared to the 1997 – 2001 period (∼14 Sv). The strengthened ocean current during triple-dip La Niña events results in more significant variations in total transport, leading to larger differences between minimum and maximum transport during these periods. The volume transport in Makassar Strait is further analyzed using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) that identifies three dominant modes (86.4%), revealing the influence of semi-annual, interannual, and decadal factors on the observed variability.
Actinobacteria diversity associated with sponge Amorphinopsis exacavans from Rancabuaya Beach, Garut, Indonesia
Authors: Srikandace Y , Hapsari Y , Andriani D
Published: June 2024

Sponges are complex marine organisms known for their symbiotic relationships with various bacterial communities, which play structural and functional roles within the sponge holobiont. Actinobacteria have received much attention because of their potential pharmaceutical applications. This study examines Amorphinopsis excavans profile, distinguishing between endosymbionts and ectosymbionts. The microbial grouping was characterized using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) anchored to the 16S rRNA marker. The results showed that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated both the endosymbiont and ectosymbiont communities at the phylum level. The actinobacterial diversity index at the genus level in both communities was 2.77 and 3.11, indicating moderate to high diversity without a dominant genus. For the genus level, the evenness scores of 0.81 and 0.89 indicated a high population type within the bacterial community. Relative abundance revealed the three most prevalent genera in the endosymbiont community were Rothia, Thermoplyspora, and Thermomonospora. In contrast, Kocuria, Mycobacterium, and Bifidobacterium were the three most common genera of ectosymbionts. Leuconostoc citreum was the first species known to be associated with a sponge. This study is a developing metagenomic assessment of actinobacterial diversity in A. excavans, providing novel insights into the sponge’s complex microbial ecosystem.
Ichthyoplankton Biodiversity in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area-573 in 2015
Authors: Taufik M , Restiangsih Y H , Ma’mun A , Hidayat T , Wagiyo K , Panggabean A S , Nurulludin  , Prihatiningsih
Published: June 2024

Studying ichthyoplankton is crucial for understanding the impact of fish larvae mortality on the recruitment of adult fish and fishing resources. Fish larvae samples were collected in the southern waters of Java using the Baruna Jaya IV research vessel in September - October 2015. Fish larvae were collected using bongo-net and oceanographic data were collected using Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) are Temperature and salinity and chlorophyll-a using Aqua MODIS satellite L3 at 36 stations. The results showed the range of fish larvae abundance was 0 - 2,074 ind/1000 m3 with an average of 174 ind/1000 m3. The fish eggs were found with an abundance of 0 - 1,601 eggs/1000 m3. and an average of 213 eggs/1000 m3. The composition of fish larvae recorded 22 families, there were 5 dominant families namely Scombridae (28.60%), Bregmacerotidae (22.96%), Carangidae (7.93%), Blennidae (7.52%), and Gobiidae (7.52%). The diversity of fish larvae was most prevalent at station 28 (SST 26.7 0C; SSS 34.4 PSU; and CHL-a 0.43 mg/m3) and station 36 (SST 27.4 0C; SSS 34.4 PSU) each found 9 families. The abundance of fish larvae was mostly found at stasion 11 had SST 23.50 0C; SSS 34.56 PSU; and CHL-a 0.33 mg/m3 with the dominance of the family Bregmacerotidae. Scombridae was mostly found at stasion 22 with sea surface temperature (SST) 26.52 0C; sea surface salinity (SSS) 34.28 PSU; and sea surface chlorophyll-a (CHL-a) 0.41 mg/m3 which is in the southern waters of Lombok.
Analysis of natural occurring radionuclide activity concentration of fish in west coast waters of Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Nur Rashidi Rosli Muhammad , Abd Azis Nurashikin , Jafar Sidik Madihah
Published: June 2024

Fish is an important source of protein in human diets, but concerns arise due to natural radionuclide contamination in food and water sources. The study aimed to assess the concentration radionuclides activities (232Th, 238U, and 40K) in three commercial fish species from west coast waters of Sabah, Malaysia. Additionally, the annual effective dose and cancer risk for adults consuming these fish were evaluated. The concentration analysis was conducted using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) technique. The average concentration levels of radionuclide activity detected, and the annual effective dose was estimated to be much lower than UNSCEAR recommendations. The collective effective dose was estimated at 1.88 μSv y−1 for 232Th, 1.11 μSv y−1 for 238U, and 15.12 μSv y−1 for 40K. The cancer risk for adults from the annual effective dose was also found to be much lower than UNSCEAR and ICRP recommendations. Based on the study’s findings, consuming fish from west coast waters of Sabah is deemed safe. However, it is recommended to establish a long-term monitoring system for radionuclide bioaccumulation in fish to gather valuable information for assessing the potential health risks associated with radionuclides in Malaysia, particularly in the Sabah.
Characterization of Underwater Landslides in Krui Waters, Lampung-Indonesia using Shallow Seismic and Sonar Data
Authors: Ardhyastuti S , Irfan M , Haryadi Y , Santoso E.W , Isnaniawardhani V , Putra P S , Iskandarsyah T Y W M , Tohari A
Published: June 2024

Krui Waters, Lampung, Indonesia, is an area that has the potential for a tsunami disaster. Local tsunamis can be caused by underwater landslides owing to ground movement and gravitational forces. Imaging underwater conditions using sonar and shallow seismic systems is an interesting research topic for geological disaster researchers. Underwater landslides are very important for disaster mitigation, especially for tsunami prediction. This research aims to identify the characteristics of underwater landslides around Krui Waters, Lampung, Indonesia, using imaging analysis methods from sonar data and a sub-bottom profiler (SBP). The underwater landslide phenomenon in this area is still not known in detail, and therefore requires further research. All data were obtained from the results of hydrographic, geological, and geophysical surveys of RV Baruna Jaya IV in 2020. The sonar data shows surface characteristics such as the presence of Furrows (Gravel Waves), Cobble (Boulder), as well as Canyons and landslides or mass movements rocks. SBP data show the characteristics of the seabed in the form of a canyon with a slope greater than 160. Finally, the morphological characteristics and features obtained could possibly be a potential source of local tsunamis owing to the high slope.