bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential factors affecting the type of pathogens responsible for urinary tract infection in neonatal hyper bilirubinemia
Authors: Nazemi Gheshmi Abdolmajid , Saadat Seyed Hossein , Ghasemi Kambiz , Rahmati Mohammadbagher , Gheibollahi Khadijeh , Zare Shahram
Published: August 2024

Background: Unexplained neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may be the newborns’ sole clinical presentation of urinary tract infection (UTI). Objective: We aimed to determine the potential factors affecting the type of pathogens responsible for UTI in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: This cross-sectional study retrospectively evaluated newborns admitted to the neonatal ward of Bandar Abbas Children’s hospital, between 2016 and 2018. Newborns with hyperbilirubinemia and culture-confirmed UTIs were included in the study. The following data were extracted from patients’ medical records: demographics and anthropometrics, type of delivery, newborn’s feeding, clinical manifestations, urine sampling method, and laboratory test results, including total bilirubin and urine culture. Results: Of the 96 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and positive urine culture in this study, 63 (65.6%) were male. Their mean age was 13.60 ± 6.00 days. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common pathogen isolated from the urine cultures (33.3%), followed by Klebsiella (24%). Age, sex, gestational age, birth weight, type of delivery, newborn’s feeding, clinical manifestations, total bilirubin levels, and urine sampling method were not associated with the type of pathogens isolated from urine culture (P>0.05). Conclusions: Most urine cultures from newborns with hyperbilirubinemia were positive for E. coli. None of the potential factors evaluated in this study were correlated with the type of pathogens responsible for UTI in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.
Vitamin D Supplementation Combined With Aerobic Training Increases the Gene Expression of Antioxidants in Kidney Tissue in Healthy Middle-Aged Rats
Authors: Molaie Amin , Gaeini Abbas Ali , Nouri Reza , Hemmatinafar Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Background & : Both exercise and vitamin D can affect oxidative stress indicators. Despite this, their interaction at the level of kidney tissue has been less investigated. Hence, the main objective of the present study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation and aerobic training on oxidative stress markers in the kidney tissue of middle-aged male rats. Materials and Methods: 20 Wistar male rats (14–12 months and 350–400 g ) were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (CON), aerobic training (EXE), vitamin D (VD) and aerobic training + vitamin D (EXE+VD). Exercise consisted of eight weeks of aerobic training (5 day/week). The VD and EXE+VD groups received vitamin D (500 units/kg) on a daily basis. Olive oil was also used as a placebo. 48 hours after the last intervention session, animal tissues were removed. The gene expression Oxidative stress biomarkers (CAT, Mn-SOD, GPx and XO) were measured by real-time PCR. Data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA test at the level of P <0.05. Results: The results showed that the EXE+VD increased the gene expression of Mn-SOD, CAT and GPx (P <0.05) and decreased the expression of XO (P <0.05). Also, VD had no effect on the expression of antioxidant enzymes and XO (P>0.05). EXE increased CAT and Mn-SOD expression compared to the CON (P<0.05) and decreased XO expression. Also, CAT values in EXE were significantly higher than VD (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that the VD+EXE can increase antioxidant defense and reduce the oxidative stress of kidney tissue.
Age-Related Changes in the T Helper 17 and Regulatory T Cell-Related Cytokines During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Naderi Nadereh , Montazerghaem Hossein , Rahimzadeh Mahsa
Published: August 2024

Background: The age-associated dysregulated immune response may partly contribute to the greater mortality and morbidity in elderly patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The aim of the present study was to first investigate the possible relation between age and levels of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-35 in CPB patients. Methods: In general, 90 patients undergoing CPB from February 2018 to March 2019 in Jorjani Heart Center, Bandar Abbas, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. IL-35 and IL-17A were measured before and 12 hours after CPB using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relation of age and the mentioned cytokines was assessed in patients<70 and≥70 years old. Results: IL-17A levels were slightly increased (25.7±8.7 ng/mL versus 20.9±6.3 ng/mL), while IL-35 levels represented a slight decrease (20.6±10 ng/mL versus 23.2±11.9 ng/mL) in CPB patients≥70 years in comparison with those below 70 years (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between IL-17 and age (r=0.4, P=0.002) in patients older than 70 years. Eventually, IL-35 was negatively associated with age (r=-0.2, P=0.03) in≥70 years patients. Conclusion: These data suggested that the age-related elevation of IL-17A levels, as well as a decline in the IL-35 serum concentration, contributing to the imbalanced pro- and anti-inflammatory response, may play a crucial role in the stronger adverse post-CPB outcomes in the elderly.
Association of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Coronary Artery Disease in Non-diabetic Population
Authors: Abbaszadeh Shahin , Hafezpour Yasaman , Nikparvar Marzieh , Bushehri Elham , Abbasi Hossein , Moraghebi Mahta , Farshidi Hossein , Kheirandish Masoumeh
Published: August 2024

Background: Prediabetes is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The current study aimed to investigate the association between impaired fasting glucose (IFG), CAD, and coronary artery stenosis severity. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 35-70 year-old non-diabetic individuals. Patients who had coronary artery stenosis≥50% at least in one coronary artery and those with stenosis<50% on angiography were considered as case and control groups, respectively. Patients were selected from Shahid Mohammadi Educational Medical Center in Bandar Abbas in 2018-2019. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, family history of CAD, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine, and lipid profiles were compared between the two groups. Results: There were 52 subjects in each case and control group. The mean age of participants (N=104) was 54.83±9.36, and 71.2% of them were male. The mean of FPG (P<0.0001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P=0.02), triglyceride (P=0.007), and the HbA1c (P=0.011) were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group. Moreover, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly lower in the CAD group compared to the control group (P=0.006). Furthermore, binary logistic regression demonstrated that the chance of IFG was (OR: 12.49), HbA1c (OR: 12.28), and LDL (OR: 1.05) in people with CAD. Conclusion: IFG and elevated HbA1c levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD in the Iranian adult population.
Conservative Management of Ectopic Pregnancy Following Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Rashidi Farzaneh , Shahsavari Saeideh , Moridi Azam , Dashti Sareh , Roozbeh Nasibeh
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Ectopic pregnancy is the most common cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. The use of progesterone-containing contraceptives is a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. This study reports a rare case of ectopic pregnancy following a depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injection that was managed conservatively. Case Presentation: A 36-year-old woman (gravida 2) was referred to the Gynecology Clinic of the Persian Gulf Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran with a history of amenorrhea, vague pelvic pain, and no past medical history, except for DMPA injection, three months before the symptoms. Ectopic pregnancy was determined based on ultrasonography and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG) evaluation. The patient was managed conservatively with serial ultrasonography and BHCG titration due to normal laboratory tests, stable clinical status, and a decline in BHCG titration. Conclusion: Amenorrhea and pelvic pain in all women of childbearing age should be considered an alarming sign of ectopic pregnancy. In case of stable hemodynamic status, the patient can be conservatively managed with serial trans-vaginal ultrasonography and evaluation of serum BHCG till the resolution of symptoms.
Comparing Clinical Parameters and Outcomes of ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients With and Without COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Sadeghi Roxana , Omidi Fatemeh , Raoufi Masoomeh , Hassanpour Rezvan
Published: August 2024

Objectives: During the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases increased. In this context, diagnosing ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in COVID-19 cases has become complex and challenging. Objectives: This study explored the characteristics and compared clinical outcomes between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients with STEMI. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on adult patients admitted with the diagnosis of STEMI in the first 6 months of the pandemic. Patients were evaluated for COVID-19 diagnosis and divided into two groups: COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative. Then, they were monitored during hospitalization and 6 months after discharge. Results: Of 131 patients admitted with STEMI, 22.13% had COVID-19 infection. Most patients were men, and the COVID-19-positive patients were older than non-infected patients (63.97±12.54 vs 58.19±10.97 years; P=0.039). The COVID-19-infected patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes (P=0.003) and heart failure (P=0.008). They had higher levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P=0.003) and neutrophil count (P=0.018), whereas lymphocyte count declined considerably in these patients (P=0.012). In addition, hospital length of stay was higher in the infected patients (6.64±4.30 vs 4.93±3.59 days; P=0.023). During the study period, the overall mortality rate in our setting was 8.82% and 17.24% in COVID-19-negative and -positive patients, respectively. However, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.195). Discussion: Although the current study employed a small sample, the findings suggest notable differences between the STEMI patients with and without COVID-19 infection regarding some parameters, especially underlying comorbidities. However, the difference in mortality was not significant.
Determining the Prevalence of Primary Lung Malignancies by Histopathological Types and Gender: A Five-year Study
Authors: Roosta Yousef , Valizadeh Mohammad Amin , Abbasi Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The high incidence of lung cancer and its poor prognosis have led to significant health problems in recent decades. This research aimed to study the prevalence of histopathological types of primary lung malignancies, focusing on treatment plans and their effective causes. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study employed a census method over 5 years (2016-2021). A total of 567 diagnosed cases of primary malignant tumors of the lung were extracted from the department’s records. Then, their slides were reviewed according to WHO 2004 histological classification of lung tumors and entered into the checklist. Results: In this study, there were 567 lung malignancies, of which 434(77.1%) affected male patients and 130(22.9%) female patients, with a mean age of 66.1±12.3 years. The most common tumors among men and women were adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (25.6% and 9.3%, respectively). Among the clinical symptoms, shortness of breath was the most common (24.7%). Cough with shortness of breath (24.2%), hemoptysis (10.9%), and weight loss (6.5%) were other clinically common manifestations. Chemotherapy had the highest treatment frequency (63.3%). Moreover, 432 patients (79.2%) had a history of smoking, 143(25.2%) reported a history of drug use, and 30.7% died of the cancer, resulting in a survival rate of 69.3%. Discussion: The results of the present study showed that the most common tumors were adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and their prevalence was higher in men than women during the study period. Furthermore, lung cancer treatment is usually not associated with the desired results, and the prognosis of lung cancer is still poor.
Investigating Effects of Rice Bran on Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Physical Performance: A Narrative Mini-review
Authors: Rahmannezhad Nazanin , Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali , Rahmati Saleh , Peeri Maghsoud , Fatolahi Hoseyn
Published: August 2024

Context: Regular physical activity reduces oxidative stress by increasing the capacity of antioxidant defense, reducing pro-inflammatory mediators, and increasing anti-inflammatory mediators in healthy and obese conditions with chronic diseases. The role of physical activities in oxidative stress, and inflammation is dual and depends on the mood, intensity, and duration of the activity. Evidence acquisition: One session of long-term and intense exercises can produce free radicals more than the capacity of antioxidant defense and cause oxidative stress. Medicinal plants also have anti-obesity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties due to their phytochemical compounds. Results: Rice bran contains nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as phytosterols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and gamma oryzanol. These compounds have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects. The examination of studies with human and animal subjects show that rice bran, gamma oryzanol, and anthocyanins improve endurance and resistance performance. Evidence shows that rice bran improves endurance performance by reducing lactate accumulation, and increasing muscle glycogen content, increasing free fatty acids turnover, and increasing muscle oxidative capacity and antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion: Anthocyanins improve physical performance by affecting blood flow, metabolic pathways, and muscle fatigue. Accordingly, rice bran can improve physical performance as an ergogenic factor and promote health development by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. However, there is a need for more studies regarding the effect of rice bran on physical performance and health.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Spirocyclopropane-Oxindole Derivatives on Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans
Authors: Rafati Pouria , Jafarzade Jalal , Hoseinnejad Akbar , Khalilpour Asieh , Taghizadeh Armaki Mojtaba , Kermani Firoozeh
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Given the spread of azole resistance in Candida albicans (C. albicans), searching for new potent compounds, such as spirocyclopropane-oxindole derivatives is important. This study evaluates the antifungal susceptibility of spirocyclopropane-oxindole derivatives on clinical isolates of C. albicans. Methods: Antifungal susceptibility of 50 clinical isolates of C. albicans to spirocyclopropane-oxindole derivatives (4a, 4b, and 4c), nystatin, and fluconazole were evaluated according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (M27-S4) guidelines. The medicinal dilution range of the compounds, fluconazole, and nystatin was 0.256 to 128, 0.128 to 64, and 0.032 to 16 μg/mL, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was defined as the concentration that caused at least 50% growth inhibition compared to the positive control. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software, version 20. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: There was a significant difference between the MIC values of spirocyclopropane-oxindole derivatives (4a, 4b, and 4c), nystatin, and fluconazole against C. albicans. The comparison of the MICs of the spirocyclopropane-oxindole derivatives (4a, 4b, and 4c) against C. albicans showed that derivative 4a had a lower MIC50 (8 μg/mL), MIC90 (16 μg/mL), and Geometric (G) Mean (10.126) than derivatives 4b (MIC50=64, MIC90=128, G Mean=76.638), and 4c (MIC50=64, MIC90=128, G Mean=60.547). Discussion: Antifungal effects of spirocyclopropane-oxindole derivatives (4a, 4b, and 4c) on C. albicans isolates were significantly less than nystatin and fluconazole. Therefore, with structural changes, the antifungal effects of these compounds will increase.
The Relationship Between the Bilirubin Levels and Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Stable Coronary Disease
Authors: Khalili Naser , Seyed Mohammdazad Mir Hossein , Amiri Sara
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Bilirubin has been considered an antioxidant that protects patients against atherosclerosis. Therefore, the present study examines the relationship between serum bilirubin levels with CAD. Methods: In this cross-sectional, analytical study, the patients with suspected CAD were electively scheduled for angiography. Their blood samples were measured for total, direct, and indirect bilirubin levels. Following angiography, comparisons were made between the two groups of CAD and non-CAD subjects. Results: Of 140 studied patients, 73(52.1%) were male and 67(47.9%) were female. The mean age of subjects was 55.32±10.71 years which was statistically significantly significant (P˂0.001). The mean total, direct, and indirect bilirubin levels between the groups were 0.74±0.57 (P=0.79), 0.22±0.07 (P=0.77), and 0.48±0.45 (P=0.77) mg/dL, respectively, which were not significant. The mean total (0.77±0.57 vs 0.71±0.57) and indirect bilirubin levels (0.53±0.53 vs 0.44±0.35) were higher in men than women and mean direct bilirubin was similar between men and women (0.23±0.07 vs 0.22±0.07). There was a statistically significant relationship between male and female groups in total and indirect bilirubin (P=0.05). Discussion: No significant relationship was found between bilirubin levels and CAD either in terms of protective or aggravating role.
Effect of COVID-19 lockdowns on maxillofacial fractures in New Zealand: a retrospective study
Authors: Allen-Brough Chelsea A , Jayakar Rahul , Sim Dalice , MacKinnon Craig A , Tan Swee T
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The New Zealand Accidents Compensation Corporation received 28,901 new claims for maxillofacial fractures between January 2018 and December 2021, at an annual cost of NZ$70–80 million. We have previously reported interpersonal violence as the most common cause of maxillofacial fractures disproportionately affecting young Māori males. This study provides an update on the incidence and cause of maxillofacial fractures with a specific review of the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns. Methods: Patients referred to the Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial and Burns Unit from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2021 were identified from our maxillofacial fracture database. Age, ethnicity, gender, cause of injury, risk factors, and fracture pattern and management were analysed. Results: Out of 1281 patients identified, 75.2 per cent were male, most commonly (38.7%) aged 16–30 years. Interpersonal violence, falls and sports accounted for 37.6 per cent, 24.9 per cent, and 24.0 per cent of all maxillofacial fractures, respectively. Māori (22.0%) and New Zealand Europeans (55.7%) were the two largest groups, most commonly affected by interpersonal violence and falls, respectively. There was a relative increase in referral rates for females and for those older than 60 years (1.78 per 10 person-days versus 0.014 per 10 person-days and 4.2 per 10 person-days versus 1.8 per 10 person-days, respectively) and a decrease in the rates of interpersonal violence and sports related referrals (1.2 per 10 person-days versus 3.4 per 10 person-days and 0.41 per 10 person-days versus 2.19 per 10 person-days, respectively) during COVID-19 lockdowns, compared with outside lockdown. Conclusions: Interpersonal violence remains the main cause of maxillofacial fractures. There is a need for a national prevention strategy to reduce this. During COVID-19 lockdowns, there was a relative increase in the referral rates of females aged 60 years and over. Both sports and interpersonal violence showed significantly reduced referral rates during lockdowns, while falls, road traffic accidents and other were referred at a similar rate as out of lockdown.
Actual problems of modeling greenhouse gas emissions from municipal solid waste landfills (Review)
Authors: Ovodkov M. V. , Davlekaev N. A. , Azarov V. N.
Published: August 2024

Because Russia is one of the world’'s largest emitters of greenhouse gases. The tasks of mitigating the effects of climate change, which are based on ongoing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, are becoming increasingly urgent. Waste, including municipal solid waste (MSW), has long become a problem that poses a threat to the environmental safety of the Russian Federation. Analysis of statistical data shows that the volume of MSW waste is growing from year to year and largely depends on the scale of cities and population. Cities account for more than 70 % of greenhouse gas emissions, and they are the main contributor to the climate crisis. MSW landfills are the third largest anthropogenic source of atmospheric methane. Therefore, it is important to study the formation of methane in the conditions of landfill and its dependence on various factors. This article is devoted to a review and comparative analysis of the functional capabilities of the most well-known calculation methods used to model greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal facilities. A comparative analysis of such techniques made it possible to determine their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the possibility of mutual substitution of parameters. The parameters of the methods are interchangeable and can be specified for each specific MSW landfill. The accuracy of the calculated prediction depends on the completeness of accounting for all factors affecting the process (climatic conditions, morphological composition of waste, type of landfill, the presence of fires, etc.). As a result of the study, it was found that in order to develop a scientifically sound methodology for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal facilities, additional comprehensive studies are necessary. In particular, supplementing the list of wastes considered in the IPCC methodology with other types of waste in accordance with the Federal Waste Classification Catalog, determining the required parameters for these types of waste, as well as clarifying the parameters of the model for the possibility of using it in calculating emissions from a specific waste disposal facility.
Research on Education Status and Education Plans for Children and Adolescents who are Victims of Sexual Exploitation
Authors:   Catholic Institute of Bioethics, Park Kyoung Jin , Kim Kyung Yee
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current status of education provided to children and adolescents affected by sexual exploitation (hereinafter referred to as victims) and to suggest necessary educational measures for them. Since the law related to the prevention of prostitution and the protection of victims was enacted, support institutions based on the law have been in operation. However, most of them are livelihood, counseling, and medical care to solve problems, and education for victims is the responsibility of some institutions. In addition, although there are official figures for academic and self-support, research on the current status and practice of education that can compare them is insufficient. To this end, a domestic web-based academic database and related literature and research reports were reviewed. Based on this, through an interview survey of practitioners working in the institution, the necessary educational plans for sexual exploitation children and adolescents are presented by examining difficulties and limitations in the field. Accordingly, the following educational plan is proposed. First, specialized educational directions and contents for children and adolescents affected by sexual exploitation are required. In addition, diagnostic tools that can identify their problems should be developed. Second, education for them should be based on relationship-based personality education. It is of paramount importance to experience respect, love, and consideration within personal encounters. Third, it is important to arrange experts according to the characteristics of the problem and to support institutional practitioners. Accordingly, it is also proposed to specialized educational institutions and expert training courses for children and adolescents affected by sexual exploitation.
A gamifikáció szociális és csoportdinamikai összefüggései
Authors: Jaskóné Gácsi Mária
Published: August 2024

A gamifikált közeg működése és metodikája a pszichológia eredményeire támaszkodva használja a játéktervezés eszközeit. A kölcsönhatás a gamifikációs jellemzőkkel pozitívan hat a társadalmi, érzelmi és kognitív elkötelezettségre, fokozza a lojalitást, valamint a célok elérése érdekében adoptálni lehet a bevonáson alapuló funkciókat, például a társadalmi részvétel fokozására irányulókat. A társadalmi kihívásokra kezelési módokat nyújt a játékosítás. Repertoárjai között olyan módszereket találhatunk, melyekkel a társadalmi kihívásokat is megfelelően orvosolhatjuk. Találhatunk játékosított koncepciót a szegénység és társadalmi kirekesztés mérséklésére, az energiatakarékosságra, a helyi turizmus élénkítésére, a közösségi közlekedés népszerűsítésére, vagy a természet- és környezetvédelmi problémákra. E tanulmány a társadalmi kihívások kezelésére példák és logikai kapcsolatok, valamint a hozzájuk alkalmazott gamifikációs eszközök konkrét megnevezésének lejegyzésére is vállalkozik.
Applications for Creating Teaching Material for Flipped Classroom Education
Authors: Pšenáková Ildikó , Daňo Pavol , Glončák Damian , Valo Ľuboš
Published: August 2024

Using the flipped classroom method is not new in pedagogical practice. Its usage increased mostly during the coronavirus pandemic, when pupils and students were forced to learn online at home without the physical presence of teachers. Video recordings with teaching materials suitable for education are an indispensable aid in this method. These materials are mostly created by the teachers themselves. The paper deals with software environments suitable for creating video recordings. Comparison of their characteristics will help creators choose the one that best suits teachers’ needs.
La ciudadanía comunicacional a 40 años de democracia
Authors: Ottaviano Cynthia
Published: August 2024

El presente ensayo profundiza en el derecho humano a la comunicación como conceptualización jurídica, política y social. Reconoce los derechos de las audiencias como eje central disruptivo de la comunicación, para superar miradas tecnodeterministas y mercantilistas que consideran a las personas como meros consumidores y usuarios. Se enmarca en los 40 años de recuperación democrática y en los 10 años de la plena constitucionalidad de la Ley de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual. Da cuenta de la génesis de la figura de las Defensorías de las Audiencias y los desafíos de cara al siglo XXI, tanto del entorno digital como de la inteligencia artificial. Reflexiona acerca de las fake news, la infodemia y los discursos de odio, exclusiones históricas de grupos vulnerados, falta de operatividad del derecho de rectificación y respuesta, publicidad oficial y sostenibilidad de los medios comunitarios, populares, universitarios, escolares y de pueblos originarios.
EARTH AND PLANETARY INSIGHTS FOR HUMAN SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Tulbure Ildiko
Published: August 2024

Among different human activities having the goal to increase humanity’s quality of life as industrial, agricultural, commercial, transport, touristic ones, also activities connected to Earth and Planetary Insights must be mentioned. In this regard Earth and Planetary Insights especially by exploration, analysis and assessment encompass several scientific fields being an inter-, multi- and transdisciplinary task. The multitude of available approaches and existing applications of mentioned insights are covering almost all human activity fields ranging from main branches of Earth & Planetary Sciences such as for instance Surveying, Geology, in all its aspects, naming here hydrogeology, geotechnics, geophysics etc., Ecology and Environmental Sciences by considering relevant environmental elements such as air, water, soil, oceans, forests, as well as potential environmental impacts because of human activities such as environmental pollution and climate change, coming to Green, Nano- and Space Technologies, as well as to the use of renewable energy resources, all of them being interconnected by modern Management Tools. Space activities must be mentioned in the context of designing new technologies for researching our planet and Outer Space with its many celestial bodies, what means activities for planetary exploration. On the other side using space activities for getting human sustainability also means setting up regional and global emergency programs to support disaster response operations through the provision of satellite data being oriented to reduce disaster risks. With the vision of getting Earth and Planetary Insights for improving humanity quality of life, holistic thinking is per-se required, and in this context connected chances and challenges will be debated with the goal of assuring human sustainability. Developments on global level have emphasized that it depends on our mutual work and cooperation to prevent the increasing processes of current resources consumption from compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Aprendendo química no período remoto
Authors: Yamaguchi Klenicy Kazumy de Lima , Rodrigues Cristiana Nunes
Published: August 2024

RESUMO 
Existem muitas aplicações dos conceitos químicos no cotidiano. No entanto, nem sempre os discentes conseguem fazer essa associação. O objetivo deste projeto de extensão é apresentar a aplicação de química utilizando ferramentas tecnológicas didáticas como forma de contribuição para a popularização dos conhecimentos científicos. Como metodologia, foram elaborados vídeos de curta duração, folders e publicações apresentando os conceitos químicos aplicados ao cotidiano. Os materiais elaborados foram publicitados nas redes sociais que foram criadas para o projeto e que tiveram interação com os estudantes do ensino básico e superior, além de professores e da comunidade. O projeto contribuiu para a aprendizagem de conceitos químicos de forma simples e aplicada, promovendo, assim, aquisição de conhecimento para a comunidade, com associação da teoria com a prática e motivação para formação de cidadãos críticos e reflexivos.
Optimizing Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Eluent Composition for Compound Content Separation the Ethanolic Extract of Sponge and Ascidia
Authors: Lintang Rosita , Losung Fitje , Menajang Febry I. S. , Sumilat Deiske Adeliene
Published: August 2024

An optimization study of the KLT eluent composition was carried out on the ethanolic extracts of 3 ascidian samples (Ascd-2, Ascd-3, Ascd-4) and 2 sponge samples (Spons-2 and Spons-3). The Ascidia and Sponge marine invertebrate samples were collected from Malalayang, Manado City's coastal waters, and were not identified. This research is a preliminary test to determine the best eluent composition to separate the compounds in the ascidian and sponge sample extracts. Extracted samples with ethanol solvent using the maceration method for 3 x 24 hours at room temperature followed by evaporation at 400C to obtain a thick ethanol extract. The composition of the eluent used is as follows: Hexane: Ethyl Acetate = 3: 7, Hexane: Ethyl Acetate = 2: 3, Hexane: Ethyl Acetate = 1: 9, Methanol: Ethyl Acetate = 1:1, and 100% Methanol. KLT analysis of the extracts from the ascidia and sponge samples showed that most of the variations in eluent composition used could not separate the compound components in the extracts, except the 100% methanol composition which could separate the compounds in the spongs 3 samples.
Keywords : Eluent ; Marine Invertebrate; Optimation ; TLC
Abstrak
Telah dilakukan studi optimasi komposisi eluen KLT terhadap ekstrak etanol dari 3 sampel Ascidia (Ascd-2,Ascd-3,Ascd-4) dan 2 sampel Spons (Spons-2 dan Spons-3). Sampel avertebrata laut Ascidia dan Spons berasal dari perairan pantai Malalayang, Kota Manado dan belum diidentifikasi jenisnya. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu uji pendahuluan yang bertujuan menentukan komposisi eluen terbaik untuk memisahkan senyawa yang terkandung dalam ekstrak sampel ascidian dan spons. Ekstraksi sampel dengan pelarut etanol menggunakan metode maserasi selama 3 x 24 jam pada suhu ruang dan kemudian dievaporasi pada suhu 400C untuk mendapatkan ekstrak etanol kental. Adapun komposisi eluen yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut: Heksana : Etil Asetat= 3 : 7, Heksana : Etil Asetat = 2 : 3, Heksana : Etil Asetat = 1 : 9, Metanol : Etil Asetat = 1 : 1, dan Metanol 100%. Analisis KLT terhadap ekstrak sampel ascidia dan spons memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar variasi komposisi eluen yang digunakan tenyata tidak dapat memisahkan komponen senyawa dalam ekstrak, kecuali komposisi 100% methanol yang dapat memisahkan senyawa pada sampel Spons-3.
Kata Kunci : Avertebrata Laut; Eluen; KLT: Optimasi
Organic Carbon Dynamics In Mangrove Sediments Of North Minahasa, Indonesia
Authors: Mandagi Stephanus
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to investigate the carbon content in mangrove sediments within the North Minahasa District Marine Conservation Area and to understand the factors affecting organic carbon dynamics. It is revealed that the carbon content is significantly varied. Carbon content ranged from 13.874 to 132.65 Mg C ha-1 across different sampling locations, with an overall stored carbon content estimated at approximately 645.19 Mg C ha-1. Soil density and depth were identified as key factors influencing carbon storage, with thicker soil density associated with higher carbon reserves. These findings highlight the importance of understanding local sediment characteristics for effective blue carbon ecosystem management and conservation strategies.
Keywords: carbon, sediment, mangrove, North Minahasa
Establishing Effective Dust Exposure Limits in Nepal: A Global Imperative for Worker Safety and Health
Authors: Mishra A. K. , Baniya Arjun
Published: August 2024

To highlight the importance of implementing stringent dust exposure limits in Nepal and to propose a framework for aligning with international best practices. A comparative analysis of existing PELs for respirable crystalline silica and other dust types across several countries, including the United States, Australia, India, China, and Singapore, was conducted. The analysis focused on enforcement mechanisms, health outcomes, and regulatory frameworks. The findings reveal significant variations in PELs, with developed countries like the United States and Australia adopting stricter limits (0.050 mg/ m³) compared to India (0.150 mg/m³) and China (0.700 mg/m³). Nepal’s proposed PEL of 0.050 mg/m³ aligns with international standards but requires robust enforcement mechanisms and comprehensive monitoring strategies. Establishing effective dust exposure limits is a moral and regulatory imperative for Nepal to protect worker health. By adopting stringent PELs and enhancing regulatory frameworks, Nepal can significantly reduce the burden of dust-related diseases and promote a healthier workforce. Collaboration with international organizations and learning from the experiences of other countries will be crucial for successful implementation.
Capacity Reduction for Urban Road Due to Curbside Bus Stop: A Case Study of Srijana Chowk, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Suraj , Tiwari Hemant , Joshi Madhav
Published: August 2024

Curbside bus stops have a significant impact on traffic characteristics, including speed and roadway capacity. Srijana Chowk, the urban area within Pokhara metropolitan city, was selected for the study. The objective of the study is to evaluate the reduction in roadway capacity at the curbside bus stop at Srijana Chowk. The primary data was collected using videographic techniques. The analysis indicated that Srijana Chowk’s curbside bus stop caused an average stream speed reduction of 6.23%. The capacity at the Srijana Chowk bus stop was 2532 PCU/hr and 2718 PCU/hr at the curbside and on the opposite side of the bus stop, respectively. Similarly, the capacity reduction was analyzed to be 16.62% and 6.84% by the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual and Greenshield’s model, respectively
Prevalence of Intestinal Helminthes among School-Aged Children in Ife Central Local Government, Nigeria: Implications for Targeted Interventions
Authors: Akande Anthony Olalekan , Akande Joan Ifeoluwa , Akano Oyedayo Phillips
Published: August 2024

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are a major health concern for children in developing countries. This study assesses the prevalence and intensity of STHs among pupils in private nursery and primary schools in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: The study was conducted in Ife Central LGA, Osun State, Nigeria, involving preschool and school-aged children from two private schools. A total of 55 samples, from 22 male and 33 female pupils, were analyzed for intestinal parasite ova to determine the prevalence of helminth infections among the children. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institute of Public Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Consent was secured from parents or guardians. Samples were processed using the modified Kato-Katz technique and examined microscopically for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) eggs. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Among the 55 fecal samples collected, the overall prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections was 78.2%. Ascaris lumbricoides were the most prevalent helminth (76.4%), followed by Trichuris trichiuria (14.5%) and hookworms (5.5%). Females had a higher infection rate (81.8%) than males (68.2%). The prevalence of STH infections was highest among pupils aged ≥10 years (81.8%) and lowest among those aged 2-3 years (66.7%). Conclusion: This study highlights a significant burden of STH infections, particularly A. lumbricoides, among schoolchildren in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The high prevalence necessitates targeted deworming and improved sanitation interventions to reduce the burden of these infections among children in this region.
Cesarean Delivery in Case of Retroplacental Hematoma in a Reference Health Center in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Hamady Sissoko , Mamadou Kampo , S Kodio , M Diakité S. , S Diarra , Daouda Camara , Mamadou Keïta , Hamidou Albachar , Badian Dembélé , Seydou Sanogo , Souleymane Traoré , Mohamed, Traoré , Nana Bah , Ibrahim Fall
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Retroplacental hematoma is a significant cause of maternal death in developing countries. The objective of this study was to study the retroplacental hematoma at the reference health center (CSRef) of commune V of the district of Bamako. Patients and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the gynaecological and obstetrics department of the CSRéf of commune V in the district of Bamako. It involved 117 cases of retroplacental hematoma. Data entry and analysis were carried out on the Epi info software version 6.2. Results: Our study found that the frequency of retroplacental hematoma was 1.44%. The preferred age was 20 to 34 years (76.3%). Large multiparous women were the most affected (38.1%) and 6.2% of patients had a history of HRP. Caesarean section was the most commonly used route of delivery (82.9%) and the fetal prognosis was very poor (64% of fresh stillbirths). Postoperative complications were dominated by anaemia (81.4%). Conclusion: Retroplacental hematoma is a worrying pathology because of its maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Efusão pleural linfocítica maligna em felino: relato de caso
Authors: Parra Pamela Custodio , Alves Marcele Zanetti , Varzim Fernanda  L. S. B. , Beraldo Mariana Ramos Andrade
Published: August 2024

A efusão pleural definida pelo acúmulo anormal de líquido em cavidade torácica é uma alteração comum na clínica de felinos que, na maioria dos casos, representa uma situação emergencial devido ao comprometimento respiratório, cujos principais sinais clínicos são: posição ortopneica, dispneia e mucosas cianóticas. Diversas afecções podem ser responsáveis por essa alteração como, por exemplo, a peritonite infecciosa felina, neoplasias mediastinais, e insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Devido a este fato, a análise laboratorial do líquido drenado contribui com informações importantes para o direcionamento do diagnóstico. A análise laboratorial da efusão pleural é composta pela avaliação física, química e citológica, gerando as classificações: transudato puro, modificado ou exsudato. O líquido também pode ser classificado como: exsudato séptico, efusão quilosa, hemorrágica, bilioso e neoplásica. O presente trabalho descreve os achados citológicos de uma efusão pleural com acentuada celularidade, composta por linfócitos, apresentando diversos critérios de malignidade, considerada como uma efusão linfocítica maligna, que foi colhida por procedimento de toracocentese, em um felino doméstico, sem raça definida, de oito anos de idade.
ANÁLISE TEMPORAL DE CASOS DE AVC E INFARTO NO BRASIL: TENDÊNCIAS E FATORES ASSOCIADOS ( 2018-2023)
Authors: Reis Lima Andressa Bianca , Carvalho Clara Vitória Cavalcante , Pontes Roberta Ferreira , Spido Maria Victoria , Castro Carla Cilene Nascimento , De Melo Wellington Rodrigo Gomes , Cantanhede Ana Luísa Duarte , Cantanhede João Arthur Duarte , Costa Rita de Cássia Gomes , Véras Saul Felipe Oliveira , De Almeida Iasmin Dutra , Muzzy Leonardo Alves , Da Silva Júlia Martins , Da Silva Renata Barreto , Leite Fabrícia Vieira , Queiroz Ana Beatriz de Oliveira , Mota Samantha Maria Barbosa , da Rocha Carina Pereira
Published: August 2024

O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) e o Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) são duas das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade no mundo. Ambos resultam de problemas na circulação sanguínea, com o AVC afetando o cérebro e o IAM impactando o coração. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de fazer uma análise temporal acerca do panorama clínico e epidemiológico das internações por Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio e Acidente Vascular Encefálico no Brasil .Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo,com base em dados obtidos através do Sistema de Morbidade Hospitalar (SIH), no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). O total de casos confirmados de internação por IAM ou AVC, no Brasil, entre 2018 e 2023, foi de  1.995.486 . O sudeste do país foi a região que apresentou maiores números de casos (n=898.358).A faixa etária com maior frequência de casos de IAM e AVC foi a de 60 a 69 anos,  correspondendo a um percentual de 27,80% (n=554.819) dos casos. Os indivíduos, em sua maioria, apresentavam a cor/ raça parda correspondendo a 38,83% (n=774.936) dos casos, seguido dos indivíduos autodeclarados brancos com percentual de 36,94% (n=737.310).  A amostra , em sua maioria,foi composta por indivíduos do sexo masculino 57,23% (n=1.142.050). A maioria dos pacientes deu entrada no hospital em caráter de urgência correspondendo a um total de 93,95%. A média de internação dos pacientes foi de 7,1 dias. Houveram 244.742 óbitos durante o período analisado, dos quais 28% eram pacientes entre 70 a 79 anos de idade. No estudo, ficou evidente o padrão de crescimento do número de casos e um aumento da incidência em pessoas mais jovens, embora não haja muitos estudos na área que possam explicar esse fenômeno.
Unveiling the Hidden Power of Water Services Development Plans
Authors: Jalisa Luvuyo
Published: August 2024

South African Water Services Authorities (WSAs) have been grappling with the challenge of providing sustainable water and sanitation services which is a product of the sector’s inadequate planning and practices systems. Consequently, many communities which are the end-users endure inadequate access to sustainable water and sanitation services. Thus, establishing effective planning mechanisms becomes crucial to ensure the provision of adequate and sustainable water and sanitation services, and this is the central problem of analysis and prescription for this paper. Notably, the paper recommends an already existing systems approach to local governance that takes advantage of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to drive the modernisation of water and sanitation planning processes which are the Municipal Strategic Self-Assessment (MuSSA) and the Water Services Development Plan (WSDP). Through an emic perspective, systematic search of literature, and document analysis, this paper examines the 2022 MuSSA reports of Western Cape and Gauteng, to identify the challenges faced by the provinces. The findings reveal deficiencies in the Western Cape's investment in asset renewal, infrastructure management, reduction of non-revenue water, and adherence to national standards. Similarly, Gauteng requires comprehensive reforms to address financial instability, asset management, and regulatory compliance. The paper also examines the progress of WSDP development in the 2022-2027 cycle, specifically focusing on the 2022-2023 financial cycle to assess WSAs' compliance. Results indicate that, of 25 WSAs in the Western Cape, only 10 have initiated WSDP development, while 15 lag behind. In Gauteng, only 2 of 9 WSAs have begun the process. Notably, both provinces are behind schedule, having been expected to initiate WSDP development in 2022. The findings of this paper, give an invaluable snippet of the water services planning mechanisms at the local government to ensure proper monitoring and adequate intervention at a local level whilst ensuring the streamlining of resource allocation and recommends that the national government reflects on its shortcomings of ensuring legislative compliance by local government.
Effects of Digital Technologies on Africa’s Electoral Democracy
Authors: Maseko Maxwell
Published: August 2024

This paper uses a South African case study to closely examine how the recent explosion of digital technologies has impacted electoral democracy in Africa. It seeks to answer a key research question about the risks and benefits of using technology in elections on the continent. Although South Africa has not adopted e-voting, the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) piloted the use of thousands of new voter management devices in the 2021 local government election. At the time, the IEC also said it had delivered its ‘most technologically advanced election’ yet. Despite embracing some of the technological changes, the IEC argues that it is not yet cost-effective to introduce new voting technology in South Africa. There is strong evidence from other African countries too suggesting that the constitutionality and feasibility of electronic voting devices is questionable. The integrity of elections can also be doubtful if the process is not inclusive of the population. Aside from a thorough literature review, this paper analysed a combination of official IEC statements and reports on technology and e-voting in South Africa, including public pronouncements on the use of digital technologies on the African continent. Insights from this work will benefit election officials, policymakers, scholars, and others interested in the advancement of research in this growing field of study.