bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Guillain–Barré Syndrome Defies Expectations: A Case of Atypical Features
Authors: Khan Ulma , Pandit Sanjay , Chawla Kishore , Golani Mahak , Dharra Gaurav , Aggarwal Rupal
Published: June 2024

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is one of the most common causes of acute flaccid paralysis. In typical GBS, there are no central nervous system (CNS) features. GBS with prominent CNS involvement can be seen in uncommon variants of GBS (such as Miller Fisher Syndrome and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis [BBE]) or rarely, when it coexists with other conditions such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). We report a case of a 35-year-old male who presented with fever followed by ascending lower motor neuron type paraparesis suggestive of GBS which progressed rapidly to involve the respiratory muscles necessitating invasive mechanical ventilation. The patient had many atypical features, namely, persistent fever, early bladder and bowel involvement, facial twitching, ophthalmoplegia with ptosis, and a comatose state. Based on these clinical features and the investigations done, a diagnosis of GBS with BBE with a possibility of ADEM was made. The patient was managed intensively, but there was no improvement in the neurological manifestations and the patient succumbed to the illness due to ventilator-associated complications.
Comparison of Working Memory Performance using Auditory N-back Task in Adults who do and do not Stutter
Authors: Kuriakose Theaja , Spoorthi H. S. , Apoorva K. S. , Kulkarni Vaishnavi V.
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Working memory is considered to be essential for higher-level cognition and phonological encoding. The N-back task is a popular test for evaluating working memory capacity. Phonological working memory which is involved in temporary storage and manipulation of information plays an important role in speech fluency. Previous investigations have revealed a reduced phonological working memory in English-speaking adults with stuttering (AWS). No studies to date have explored the role of phonological memory in Kannada-speaking AWS. The present study aimed to compare the working memory performance in auditory two back tasks between AWS and adults with no stuttering (AWNS).

Methods:

Participants included were 15 AWS (14 males and 1 female) and 16 AWNS (8 males and 8 females). The present study comprised of two tasks, namely auditory 2 back task for meaningful words (task 1) and auditory 2 back for nonwords (task 2). The participants performed two back tasks for the meaningful words and nonwords and were instructed to say “yes” whenever the same stimulus was heard 2 stimulus back and “no” for the different stimulus. Every accurate response received a score of 1, while an incorrect or no response received a score of 0.

Results:

The results revealed that AWS performed significantly poorer than AWNS in both tasks 1 and 2, which indicate that AWS has impaired working memory skills.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study indicated poorer performance of stutterers in auditory n-back test of phonological working memory. This shows that individuals with stuttering having an inadequate phonological working memory when compared to that of their counterparts. This could be due to their inaccurate phonological representations or attentional deficits.
Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation of Wi-Fi Router on Thyroid Gland and the Possible Protective Role of Combined Vitamin C and Zinc Administration in Adult Male Albino Rats
Authors: Ibrahim Nancy Nagy Abd El-Hady , Estfanous Remon S. , Abo-Alala Aml M. , Elkattan Amal K. , Amer Rabab Mohamed
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is widely used nowadays in various fields due to rapid expansion of technology and affects different organs such as endocrine glands. Antioxidants protect the cells and act as a free radical scavenger.

Aim of Work:

The aim of the study was to clarify the effect of EMR emitted from Wi-Fi router on the thyroid gland of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of combined Vitamin C and zinc.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups: Group I (control group), Group II (received combined Vitamin C and Zinc in one tablet called IMMUNO-MASH), and Group III (experimental groups). Group III was divided into two subgroups (A and B) according to the duration of exposure: 6 h and 24 h/day. Each of these groups was divided into two equal subgroups. One was exposed only to EMR while the other was exposed to EMR and received combined Vitamin C and zinc. All rats were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The thyroid gland was prepared for general histological, anti-calcitonin immunostaining, and ultrastructural study. Furthermore, measurement of total serum T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) hormone levels and quantitative analysis of immunoreactive C-cells were done. Then, statistical analysis was done on the number of immunoreactive C-cells, data of the body weight, and the hormonal levels.

Results:

A highly significant increase in the body weight in subgroups exposed to EMR for 24 h/day was observed. Furthermore, they showed a highly significant decline in T3 and T4 levels together with a highly significant increase in TSH level. With increasing period of exposure, there was a variable degree of deterioration in the form of congestion and dilatation of blood vessels, cellular infiltration, follicular disintegration, vacuolar degeneration, and desquamated follicular cells in the colloid. The C-cells showed a significant increase in the mean number compared with the control group. Ultrastructural analysis of follicular cells revealed colloid droplets, deteriorations in rough endoplasmic reticulum, degenerating nuclei, and swollen mitochondria according to the dose of exposure. There was apparent improvement with the use of combined Vitamin C and zinc.

Conclusion:

Wi-Fi radiation has a very serious effect on thyroid gland morphology and activity. Moreover, experimentally induced hypothyroidism by radiation resulted in increased C-cell number. Combined Vitamin C and zinc could have a protective role against this tissue damage.
Effect of integrated Ayurvedic approach for management of ankylosing spondylitis: A case report
Authors: Shetty Suketha Kumari , Veer Vidya R , Gaurav Kumar , Sharma Oshin
Published: June 2024

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a seronegative spondyloarthropathy that mainly affects the spine and further involves various sacroiliac joints and articular structures. Human leukocyte antigen-B27 and tumor necrosis factor are said to be contributing factors. In this context, the etiology of the disease might be unknown or unclear. To date, conventional medicine has not provided a satisfactory treatment for this condition, but integrated Ayurveda regimens, such as oral medications, Panchakarma therapies, Yoga, and diet, could be beneficial for these manifestations and aimed at enhancing an individual’s quality of life. Ayurveda regimen, such as oral medications, Panchakarma therapies, Yoga, and diet, could benefit in this symptomatic presentation. A 27-year-old female presented with complaints of progressive neck pain and sacroiliac pain along with stiffness of the spine and hip for 6 years, associated with restricted movement of the spine. The condition was diagnosed as AS and treated for 6 months with Ayurveda treatment, Yoga, and diet. This therapeutic protocol was directed toward alleviating symptoms, reducing severe disability, and improving quality of life. The patient’s condition was assessed for symptoms of Asthimajjagata Vata, Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Scale score, and AS Disease Activity Score showed substantial improvement. After a 1-year follow-up in September 2022, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels were within the normal range, and no subjective or objective symptoms were observed. This case study shows that cases of AS can be successfully managed with Ayurveda treatment.
Ayurvedic management of Dhumadarshi (central serous chorioretinopathy): A case report
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Tripathi Ankur , Bavalatti Narayana , Rajagopala Manjusha
Published: June 2024

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina at the posterior pole with or without focal pigment epithelial detachment and altered retinal pigment epithelium. In most cases, treatment helps restore the vision, but no treatment could maximize the final visual gain. In Ayurveda, visual-related conditions are included in the Drishtigata Roga (diseases causing visual disturbance). CSCR based on clinical presentation can be categorized under Dhumadarshi. A 42-year-old female came to the outpatient department of Shalakya tantra with the complaint of dimness in vision in the left eye (OS: oculus sinister) for 2 days, along with a black spot in the center of her vision while walking. On examination, unaided distant visual acuity was 6/36 in the left eye (OS) and 6/9 in the right eye (OD: oculus dexter). On optical coherence tomography examination, it was diagnosed as a case of CSCR. Interventions included in this study were on an outpatient basis with the potential action of Shothahara (anti-inflammatory), Vatanulomana (pacification of obstructed Vata), Medhya (intellect enhancer), and Drishtiprasadana (enhancing eyesight). At the end of the consultation, the vision was restated to normal, and the accumulation of subretinal fluid was completely resolved. In conclusion, Ayurvedic intervention can aid in accelerating visual restoration and reducing accumulation of subretinal fluid.
In-vivo Screening for the Antiasthmatic Potential of Salicin through the Murine Models of Asthma and Airway Remodeling
Authors: Raval Keval Y. , Dobariya Ruchi H. , Tirgar Pravin R.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

To determine the antiasthmatic potential of salicin in experimental animals.

Materials and Methods:

The study was undertaken in two phases: clonidine-induced catalepsy (Phase I) and ovalbumin (OVA) induced lung inflammation (Phase II). In Phase I, 36 Swiss Albino mice were pretreated with clonidine (1 mg/kg) subcutaneously for induction of catalepsy. Different doses of salicin (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) and pheniramine maleate (10 mg/kg) were administered through the oral route, and the cataleptic score was calculated. In Phase II, 36 Albino Wistar rats were sensitized and challenged with 1 mg OVA absorbed on 20 mg aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) intraperitoneally on days 0, 7, and 14 followed by the treatment with salicin doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg). Blood parameters, including total cells (TC), eosinophils (EOS), neutrophils (NEU), and macrophages (MAC), were recorded. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-13 (IL-13) were collected from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Levels of OVA-specific IgE were estimated from spleens, Peyer’s patches, and mesenteric lymph nodes of rats.

Results:

Animals treated with salicin showed a significant reduction (P-value <0.05) in cataleptic scores. Significant reduction (P-value <0.05) in levels of TC, NEU, EOS, and MAC was observed in animals treated with salicin. Levels of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, and IL13 also reduced significantly (P-value <0.05) in salicin-treated animals. The concentration of OVA-specific IgE reduced significantly (P-value <0.05) in salicin-treated animals.

Conclusion:

Salicin ameliorates catalepsy and lung inflammation in asthmatic conditions.
Assessing the knowledge and attitude regarding bruxism among the dental interns of various dental colleges of Gujarat: An electronic cross-sectional survey
Authors: Gaur Malhar , Dave Bhavna , Bargale Seema , Inderchand Bhavana , Deshpande Anshula , Poonacha K. S.
Published: June 2024

Background:

The most commonly observed habit in growing children is grinding or clenching of teeth termed bruxism which occurs during daytime or sleep. Typical indications range from dental damage, pulpal sensitivity, movement of teeth, pain from fragmented restorations, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, masseter hyperactivity, and temporal migraines.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding bruxism among the interns in government and private dental colleges of Gujarat through a questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:

A structured 15-set questionnaire was fabricated for assessment. Questions about the knowledge of causes, characteristics, and management of bruxism and the attitude toward treatment modalities were assessed for the interns. This questionnaire was distributed among various government and private dental college interns obtained through personal contact.

Results:

Almost 50% of participants knew the characteristic symptoms associated with bruxism. Almost two-thirds of the population identified the most appropriate treatment modalities for dental management of bruxism. There was a slight variance in the attitude toward approaching characteristics of patients with bruxism.

Conclusion:

The study was able to assess the knowledge and attitude toward bruxism among the interns completing their internship from dental streams of the colleges and also able to identify the areas to be addressed for improving the standards of bruxism education among the interns at their crucial juncture of moving out to the community and society as health-care providers. However, more widespread education tools are required to educate the dental interns.
Can esthetically pleasing aligners change the root morphologies? – A narrative review
Authors: Garg Shivika , Reddy Munish C. , Raghav Pradeep , Shukla Monika , Chowdhary Bhavika Kour , Joy Akhil Anton
Published: June 2024

Background:

The occurrence of root resorption (RR) is an unavoidable result of orthodontic treatment. Finding a straightforward approach to its prevention remains a challenge. It is a tragic occurrence when radiographically detected, even though it is rarely severe. The application of force starts a sequence of biological mechanisms. Although we are well aware of how and when it is provoked, we are unable to foresee what will happen in the end. In the past few years, clear aligner therapy has become very popular. Although not much data has been established describing RR after this treatment.

Aim:

The following review determines the effect of aligner therapy on the resorption of roots leading to the shortening of root length.

Methods:

Research publications were searched on search engines such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar using terms such as “RR,” “risk factors of RR” and “effects of clear aligner therapy on RR.” These publications were then collected.

Results:

For this review, 30 articles were collected and further used to formulate this review.

Conclusion:

(1) Most affected teeth were the maxillary central and lateral incisors post aligner therapy. (2) Multiple factors that influenced RR were gender, malocclusion, the severity of crowding, type of tooth movement, and close approximation of root toward the cortical plate (3) Clear aligner therapy is comparable to LightForce fixed orthodontics appliances but surpasses heavy-force orthodontic appliances in the terms of the risk associated with developing RR.
COVID-19 and its possible association with oral lichen planus: An institutional experience
Authors: Gupta Juhi , Jain Vipul , Shekhawat Kuldeep Singh , Mariam Sarah
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disease that may affect the skin or any other mucosal surface. Although the etiology is largely unknown, role of stress in initiation or aggravation of the disease is a well-known fact. Apart from respiratory distress, COVID-19 has also been found to be associated with triggering autoimmune reactions such as oral lichen planus (OLP). Apart from its direct ill effect on health, the confusing nature, and the unknown course of COVID-19, the psychological stress of the lockdown and quarantine tremendously increased the stress levels. All this could be a trigger for the onset or exacerbation of existing OLP lesions.

Objective:

The primary outcome is to understand the likely association between OLP and COVID-19. The secondary outcome is to understand the role of COVID-19 in the pathogenesis of OLP if it is present.

Materials and Methods:

It was a unicentric cross-sectional study conducted on 57 patients suffering from OLP who had reported to the dental outpatient department of our tertiary health care center from September 2021 to April 2022. The clinical sign and symptoms associated with the OLP was recorded. A detailed history of COVID-19 exposure, vaccination status, and history of hospitalization were recorded.

Results:

The mean age of study participants was found to be 36.8 years the male:female ratio was found to be 1:2. Out of 57 patients, 45 patients had given a positive history of COVID-19 exposure.

Conclusion:

Apart from the immune dysregulation, the tremendous increase in stress levels due to COVID-19 has impacted everyone’s life very badly. The sudden increase in cases of OLP in post-COVID patients may be attributable to a combination of factors such as low Vitamin D levels COVID-19 and other comorbidities.
Oral pyogenic granuloma with calcification
Authors: Gautam Akancha Singh , Mandal Sneh , Divya V. C.
Published: June 2024

Rationale:

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a commonly observed reactive soft-tissue lesion, often arising due to prolonged mild irritation or hormonal fluctuations in the oral cavity. Clinically, PG presents as a lesion with a smooth or lobulated appearance, which can be either sessile or pedunculated, and typically exhibits an hemorrhagic tendency. Very few cases of calcification in a PG have been reported in the past as these rarely exhibit ossification when viewed under a microscope.

Patient Concerns:

The following report is a case of a PG, that presented as a growth with occasional pain in the right upper back region of a 54 year old female. The patient reported no other concerns.

Diagnosis:

A provisional diagnosis of PG was given following thorough clinical and radiographic investigations. This was confirmed by a histopathological examination following an excisional biopsy.

Intervention:

The patient was treated with surgical excision as a part of the excisional biopsy of the lesion. Follow-up for the patient was done after 6 months, and there were no signs or indications of recurrence.

Outcomes:

The histopathological examination revealed regions of calcification, which are uncommon in PG, in addition to the characteristic hallmarks of proliferating endothelial cells, blood vessels, and inflammatory cells.
Comparative study of the efficacy of combined metformin–clomiphene citrate versus combined metformin–letrozole in induction of ovulation in overweight women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Ghoneim Basma M , El-Gharib Mohamed N , El-Badry Amr MT , Abd El-Raoof Farahat Manal
Published: June 2024

Background

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the common cause of infertility. Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the first-line treatment in ovulation induction. Metformin biguanide has been used in insulin resistance in PCOS women. Adding metformin to CC in the CC-resistant PCOS was highly effective in achieving ovulation in 68.6–77.7% of patients. Letrozole, aromatase inhibitor, its use in patients with CC-resistant PCOS achieved ovulation 54.6–84.4% of the time.

Aim

We aimed to compare the efficacy of combined metformin–CC to combined metformin–letrozole in ovulation induction in overweight infertile PCOS women.

Patients and methods

A prospective randomized study was conducted at Obstetrics & Gynecology Department in Tanta University Hospitals. In total, 40 infertile overweight cases with PCO were included. Cases were randomly allocated in two groups.

Results

The mean age was 26.40 ± 5.20 years for CC group and 26.50 ± 5.10 years for letrozole group. BMI was 27.50 ± 1.43 for CC group and 27.45 ± 1.36 for letrozole group. The duration of infertility was 2.90 ± 1.40 years for CC group and 2.88 ± 1.21 for letrozole group. There was insignificant difference in both groups as regards the follicles more than 18 mm and endometrial thickness. But, as regards progesterone level, there was a statistically significant increase in letrozole group than CC group (P<0.005). Concerning pregnancy rate, there was insignificant difference between two groups.

Conclusion

The present investigation demonstrated that both CC and letrozole are similarly viable in treatment of infertility in PCOS patients, when joined with metformin treatment.
Evaluation of the efficacy and outcome of endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for treatment of pituitary apoplexy
Authors: Aly Hamad Omar M H , Ganna Ahmed A , Torky Samy M , El Gamal Ehab E
Published: June 2024

Background

Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a very serious clinical syndrome with serious long-term effects. It can be managed either conservatively or surgically depending on the presentation and co-morbidities of each case.

Aim

Is to evaluate the outcome of the endoscopic trans-sphenoidal approach in the treatment of patients with PA and to evaluate its safety and efficacy.

Patients and methods

This is a combined retrospective and prospective study on 14 patients with PA who underwent endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery. The analysis included demographics, risk factors, symptoms, neuro-endocrinal deficits, neuroimaging, complications, and outcomes.

Results

14 patients (mean age was 47.21) were included. Preoperative symptoms included headache (100%), ocular mobility (78.6%), and visual deficits (92.9%). Radiological findings showed that (21.4%) were necrotic only, while (78.6%) were both necrotic and hemorrhagic. 100% of patients had resolved headache. (23.1%), (61.5%), and (15.4%) of patients had recovered, partially improved, and no change in visual acuity respectively. (72.7%) had recovered extraocular palsies, (18.2%) were partially improved, and (9.1%) had no change in extraocular palsies. (23.1%), (46.2%), and (30.8%) had recovered, partially improved, and no change in hormonal functions, respectively. (76.9%) needed long-term replacement therapy. (7.1%) had partial tumor resection, (57.1%) had subtotal resection, (35.7%) had gross total resection, and (100%) had tumor regression and no recurrence.

Conclusion

Endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery is a safe and effective treatment for PA with excellent neurological outcome, good visual outcome, low rates of complications, and recurrence. However, it has Poor hormonal outcomes.
Histological study on the effect of açai berry extract in the treatment of fundic mucosal injury in adult male albino rat
Authors: Khallaf Yassmin AMH , Saeid Mona TSA , Laag Essam MI , Abouraia Azza AM
Published: June 2024

Background

Gastric injury is a worldwide medical problem. It is caused by many factors. Açai berry is a fruit with many potential medical properties that gained much international interest.

Aim

To evaluate the possible role of açai berry extract in the treatment of fundic mucosal injury in adult male albino rats.

Materials and methods

This work was done on 40 adult male albino rats that were divided into; group I (control) (10 rats), group II (10 rats) which were given açai berry extract orally at a dose of 300 mg/kg once per day for 14 days, group III (10 rats) which were given a single dose of diclofenac orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg for induction of gastric injury, and group IV (10 rats) that were given single oral dose of diclofenac then received açai berry extract for 14 days. Specimens from the fundus were processed and stained by hematoxylin and eosin.

Results

Group III showed exfoliation of surface epithelial cells and gastric glands, infiltration of lamina propria with inflammatory cells, and congestion of the blood vessels. Cytoplasmic vacuolations were detected in different cells. Group IV revealed improved changes that were detected in group III.

Conclusion

Açai berry extract is effective in the treatment of gastric injury.
Assessment of left ventricular function in asthmatic children using speckle tracking and tissue doppler echocardiography
Authors: Ali Somia , Badreldeen Al Shimaa , Razik Ahmed Abdel , El Razaky Osama , Elmeazawy Rehab
Published: June 2024

Background

Acute bronchial asthma affects many organs including the cardiovascular system. Recurrent hypoxia and the production of inflammatory mediators lead to chronic inflammation, pulmonary vasoconstriction, and pulmonary hypertension, which can affect cardiac function.

Aim

This study aimed to assess left ventricular function in children with acute bronchial asthma using two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional (3D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), and tissue doppler imaging (TDI).

Patients and methods

Fourty-five children with moderate persistent asthma aged 5–16 years and 15 matched controls were enrolled in this study. In addition to pulmonary function testing with spirometry, all participants underwent cardiac evaluation using conventional echocardiography, TDI, and 2D and 3D STE.

Results

The asthmatic children had significantly lower left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions (P = 0.017, P < 0.001, respectively) but significantly higher myocardial performance index (MPI) (P < 0.001) than that of the control group by TDI. By using 3D STE, 3D longitudinal strain, 3D circumferential strain, 3D area strain, and 3D radial strain were significantly lower in asthmatic children than the healthy control.

Conclusion

Children with asthma are more likely to have left ventricular dysfunction of different severities, which can be identified early using TDI and 3D STE.
Multidetector computed tomography in detection of pulmonary complications in patients with hematological neoplastic disorders
Authors: Ghoneem Mayada AA , Youssef Mohammed A , Badawy Manal E , Elbedewy Tamer A
Published: June 2024

Background

Hematologic malignancy patients are liable to have pulmonary complications along the course of the disease due to the disease itself or its treatment.

Aim

Our study aimed to evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography in detecting pulmonary complications in hematologic neoplasm patients.

Patients and methods

In all, 30 patients with hematological neoplastic disorders in this prospective study underwent radiological imaging for assessment of pulmonary complications at the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging, at Tanta University Hospitals and Tanta Cancer Center from 2019 to 2022. In all, 16 patients were males and 14 were females. Their age range was from 17 to 70 years with a mean age of 46.57 ± 13.56 years.

Results

Computed tomography showed an overall diagnostic accuracy of 100% in the diagnosis of amalgamated lymph nodes, pulmonary edema, and coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia; otherwise, the least diagnostic accuracy was in the diagnosis of inflammatory conditions which was 90%. Thus, computed tomography showed very good results in almost all pulmonary complications except for inflammatory conditions.

Conclusion

Multidetector computed tomography is a very good modality in the early diagnosis of pulmonary complications in hematologic neoplasm patients.
Assessment of Acute Oak Decline in Latvia
Authors: Celma Laura , Zaļkalns Oskars , Šmits Agnis , Legzdiņa Līva , Silbauma Lauma , Ozols Jānis , Kļaviņa Dārta , Bokuma Gunita , Ruņģis Dainis
Published: June 2024

Acute Oak Decline (AOD) is a complex disease affecting oaks (Quercus spp.). Typical symptoms include a dark, sticky  exudate from bark cracks. Larval galleries of the beetle Agrilus biguttatus under the bark of affected trees are often reported. AOD is characterized by oak decline, after which a large proportion of the oaks die, but some survive. In Latvia, oaks with AOD symptoms were first observed in 2017, and the presence of Gibbsiella quercinecans and Brenneria goodwinii in the bark exudate was confirmed. A country-wide survey was initiated to assess the prevalence of oaks with AOD symptoms. In addition, experimental plots were established to monitor the progression of AOD in infected sites. A total of 1,329 forest stands were surveyed; 111 exudate samples were collected and 36 samples were positive for one of both B. goodwinii and G. quercinecans. Larval galleries or other signs of the beetle Agrllus biguttatus were not found in association with AOD symptoms. Four trial plots were established and routinely monitored over a four-year period for AOD symptoms, presence of G. quercinecans and B. goodwinii, and an assessment of fungal species was done. In the trial plots, AOD symptoms peaked in 2019. Presence of the bacteria was not detected in all exudate samples collected regularly over summer from the trial plots. The presence of the bacteria was confirmed only in a few soil samples collected along a transect in one trial plot. One or both bacteria were identified in a few soil and wood samples collected from asymptomatic oak stands. Assessment of fungal species in both symptomatic and healthy trees did not identify significant differences in species composition, soil pH, fine root vitality, and mycorrhization. Environmental factor analysis indicated that precipitation in the previous autumn is related to a higher detection possibility of G. quercinecans and B. goodwinii in exudate samples collected in the following year. Continued monitoring for AOD symptoms, focussing on mature oak trees is required to identify future potential AOD outbreaks in Latvia.
Keywords: Quercus robur; AOD; monitoring; qPCR; phytopathology; environmental factors
Transformation of the European security system in the light of Sweden and Finland’s accession to NATO
Authors:   PhD in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, National Pedagogical Drahomanov University, Ukraine, Meleshchenko Tatyana
Published: June 2024

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the accession of Sweden and Finland to the North Atlantic Al- liance, which has changed the European security system. The purpose of this study was to analyse the consequences of Finland and Sweden’s accession to the North Atlantic Alliance for the European Union’s security system. The study used the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, and the abstract logical method. The study found that the reasons for the analysed countries’ accession to the Alliance were geopolitical, historical, and military-strategic. The key reasons for Sweden and Finland’s accession to the North Atlantic Alliance include Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, their proximity and shared borders with Russia, a strategy of neutrality that was losing its effectiveness, and the merger of the countries’ military-industrial complexes. This accession radically changed the security system of Europe. It was found that the ac- cession of Finland and Sweden to the North Atlantic Alliance had both positive and negative consequences for the overall security system of European countries. On the one hand, the accession of these countries to the North Atlantic Alliance and the integration of their military forces into the Alliance helped to improve military capabilities, especially in the Baltic region, where the Allies did not have sufficient military power. On the other hand, the accession of new countries to the Alliance has also had negative consequences, such as complicating the defence decision-making process and increasing the confrontation between the Alliance countries in northern Europe and Russia. The findings of this study are of practical importance, as they present a holistic picture of changes in the European security system and can be used in practice by the legislative bodies of Ukraine in developing and implementing the country’s foreign policy
A nova ciência canábica: controvérsias político-científicas e a canabização do humano
Authors: Luiz Alves Mourão Victor
Published: June 2024

O livro A Nova Ciência Canábica, de Victor Mourão, é o resultado de um conjunto de reflexões que o autor vem realizando nos últimos anos em que acompanha e analisa o debate científico e político sobre a planta. Ao tomar as controvérsias como ponto de entrada fundamental nesse debate, a análise logra mapear os processos cognitivos, relacionais, simbólicos e políticos que envolvem a planta em diferentes espaços, seja no âmbito legislativo, seja no âmbito de posicionamentos públicos de associações interessadas nesse debate.
Estudo do Planejamento da Localização de Ecopontos para a Coleta Seletiva com o Auxílio de Sistema de Informação Geográfica e P-Medianas na Cidade de Montes Claros-MG
Authors: Caetano Júnia Maria Gonçalves , Guerra André Leite , Santos Neto Narciso Ferreira dos , Santos Davi Souza , Mendes João Batista , Andrade Amanda Evellyn da Silva , Pinheiro Walber Franklin Rodrigues
Published: June 2024

Com a instituição da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos se tornou obrigatória a implantação de programas eficientes de coleta seletiva ou a melhoria dos já existentes. Para que esses programas se tornem eficientes, é essencial ajustar o projeto a realidade local e gerar regularidade no funcionamento da logística implantada, no qual, o uso de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) auxilia na tomada de decisões logística. Neste trabalho objetiva-se apontar possíveis localizações para instalação de Ecopontos de coleta seletiva na cidade de Montes Claros - MG utilizando o SIG TransCAD. Para realização do trabalho foi utilizado um arquivo em shapefile no TransCAD, com os pontos de coleta georreferenciados. Para localizar os Ecopontos necessários por região, foi aplicado o modelo de P-medianas, com cálculo prévio da quantidade dos pontos de coleta usando a metodologia de Peixoto et al. (2006). O modelo proposto mostra 4 cenários gráficos distintos para implantação dos Ecopontos por região, conforme a evolução nos números de materiais recicláveis coletados. Além da localização dos Ecopontos também foi realizada a roteirização dos veículos coletores para dois dos cenários.
O Contexto Dos Estudos Do Clima Urbano Por Meio Do Campo Termo-Higrométrico Em Rondon Do Pará
Authors: Dos Santos Mascarenhas Abraão Levi , Miranda Matheus Martins , Vidal Maria Rita
Published: June 2024

O desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto são cruciais nos estudos de clima urbano, pois a qualidade das áreas urbanas tem se mostrado inadequada para as populações por não levar em consideração as características geoambientais das cidades.  Objetiva-se analisar as variações das temperaturas de superfície do solo da cidade de Rondon do Pará, por meio dos estudos de clima urbano, observando os campos térmicos e higrométricos. Para tanto, foram utilizados sensores termais e multiespectrais do satélite Landsat 5, 7 e 8, com escala temporal de 1980 a 2020. Os levantamentos das imagens de satélite foram extraídos do site earthexplore/Nasa, com processamento destas no software Qgis, com a ajuda do plugin SCP. Os principais produtos gerados foram os mapas de temperatura da superfície, SAVI, NDWI e perfil termográfico. Os resultados apontam para médias de 26,6 graus em 1980 e média relativa de 27,8 em 2020, indicando um aumento de temperatura de ±1,2 °C superior. Todos os esforços de mapeamento resultaram em percepções de que a alteração do uso do solo pelos processos urbanos influencia diretamente no campo térmico e higrométrico local (ilhas de calor), que representam pontos de altas temperaturas no mapa termal.
Evaluation of Undergraduate Internship Interprofessional Experiences Using the Jefferson Teamwork Observation Guide (JTOG )
Authors: Choice Erin , Thomas Shelene
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and describe the healthy behaviors of teamwork at internship sites of undergraduate health and exercise science students. Data from the Jefferson Teamwork Observation Guide (JTOG) tool, in conjunction with five open-ended debrief questions were used as an innovative means of assessment to evaluate the quality of interprofessional experiences at various internship sites, as reviewed by the internship coordinator. Methods: Students observed an interprofessional team at their internship site and completed the JTOG, for the observed team. The JTOG is a two-part assessment (Likert Scale questions; qualitative questions) of identifiable characteristics of well-functioning teams drawn from the literature about teamwork, team-based care, and client-centered care. Mean Likert scores (SD) were calculated for each of the 14 Likert Scale responses and themes from the five open-ended questions were identified. Results: Students responded that their internship interprofessional teams engaged in friendly interactions and understood the roles and responsibilities of other team members, as well as valued the opinions of others and by demonstrating respect, confidence, and trust in one another. In contrast, areas of improvement were noted in the ability to openly disagree with other team members, as well as the frequency in which team members sought out opportunities to work with others. Comments captured from the JTOG open-ended debrief questions indicate the following six themes from their observations: 1) observable behaviors of effective teamwork (trust, collaboration, unity, common goal; termed shared leadership), 2) modeling collaborative care, 3) practicing client-focused care, 4) communication, 5) understanding roles, and 6) displaying importance of creating a professional environment. Conclusions: The JTOG proved to be a valuable tool: 1) to assess internship site teams within the healthcare field in order to justify the continued partnership between the university and the internship site; 2) to demonstrate that accreditation competencies are met by student learning experiences; and 3) as part of intentional interprofessional education curriculum at the foundational education level within the learning continuum.
PROCEDURE FOR EXTRACTION AND BLEACHING OF CELLULOSE FROM SPENT COFFEE GROUNDS AND COFFEE SILVERSKINS
Authors:   SC L&G Consulting SRL, Dej, Romania, Crăciun Grigore , Duțuc Gheorghe ,   SC L&G Consulting SRL, Dej, Romania, Botar Bogdan ,   nstitute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: June 2024

Considering the pollution but also the economic losses due to the non-recycling of waste from coffee production, we thought of a method of reusing spent coffee grounds and coffee silverskin. The present research refers to the extraction and bleaching of spent coffee grounds (SCG) and coffee silverskin (CS)through an ecological process, in 2 steps, under mild conditions. In this way, cellulose is separated, a valuable product, which can later be reused in various other applications, such as: the production of paper, cardboard and derivatives. Bleached cellulose from SCGs functionalized with polyoxometalates have special properties : antibacterial, biosorbents for separation of heavy metal ions from acid mine drainage and as biosensors for rapidly detection of chemical or biological toxins.
ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY, PLANTABLE PACKAGING
Authors:   Óbuda University, Sándor Rejtő Faculty of Light Industry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Media Technology and Light Industry, Budapest, Hungary, Prokai Piroska , Deák Gabriella ,   Óbuda University, Sándor Rejtő Faculty of Light Industry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Media Technology and Light Industry, Budapest, Hungary
Published: June 2024

Today’s consumer society is accumulating more and more packaging waste. In addition to the selective collection of the waste generated, the transport, storage and cleaning of the emptied packaging material requires the expenditure of many energy and material resources. Our goal was to create a packaging where the material includes flower seeds to be planted, so that when the flower pot is unpacked, its packaging is not waste but the carrier of a new life
SIMULATION MODELING OF MEDIUM WAVE DESIGN, CORRUGATED CARDBOARD
Authors:   Faculty of technical studies, University of Travnik, Travnik, Bosnia i Herzegovina, Obućina Aldin , Garić Marija ,   Faculty of technical studies, University of Travnik, Travnik, Bosnia i Herzegovina, Makaš Emil ,   Faculty of technical studies, University of Travnik, Travnik, Bosnia i Herzegovina, Gazibarić Zoran ,   Faculty of technology, University of Banjoj Luci, Banja Luka, Bosnia i Herzegovina
Published: June 2024

Corrugated cardboard finds extensive use in the packaging industry due to its performance characteristics. It is a lightweight material with excellent mechanical properties, easy recyclability, and environmental friendliness, making it the preferred choice. While numerous studies have investigated the effects of external factors on corrugated cardboard and its mechanical properties using simulation modeling, there is a lack of research focusing on simulating and predicting the construction of corrugated cardboard itself. The shape and size of the corrugated medium significantly impact the performance of corrugated cardboard. However, strict standards for the parameters of the medium's size and shape to achieve optimal elasticity and strength are lacking. Therefore, this study aims to explore the modification of the design of one component of corrugated cardboard to enhance its performance
ADAPTIVE MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL APPLICATIONS IN PAPER PRODUCTION
Authors:   Erga d.o.o., Vrpolje, Croatia, Bratek Domagoj , Cikoja Mihael ,   Erga d.o.o., Vrpolje, Croatia
Published: June 2024

The paper describes adaptive model predictive control applications in paper industry. Paper production as complex system that consists of many mechanical, chemical, thermal and electrical subsystems is a perfect candidate for applying adaptive model predictive control. Main reason for that is successive nature of the process and its high speed. Due to those two facts, procedure of stopping and restarting of the machine is usually a critical process. At the beginning, paper describes paper production, model predictive control (MPC) and adaptive model predictive control as its improvement. Furthermore, paper describes application of adaptive MPC in automatic grade change (AGC) in paper production. Differences between standard AGC and advanced AGC are mentioned. Some results obtained during testing in Paper Mill Belisce are presented. In the addition article describes how mathematical model from adaptive MPC can be applied to soft or virtual sensors. Two examples are mentioned, virtual basis weight and moisture sensor and mechanical properties sensor. Possible applications of these sensor are presented, like improvement of paper properties after sheetbreak or increasing of paper quality etc. At the end, paper deals with application of adaptive MPC in paper machine wet end optimization. Possible improvements in chemical dosages, sheet break reductions have been presented.
ADVANCED NEURAL NETWORK APPLICATIONS FOR MODELING RUNNABILITY COMPONENTS IN PAPER MACHINES
Authors:   Abo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Process and Systems Engineering, Turku, Finland, Milosavljevic Nenad ,   Sunnea Oy, Consulting & Engineering, Air Systems, Drying & Runnability of Paper, Board and Tissue Machines, Jyskä, Finland, Milosavljevic Nea ,   Sunnea Oy, Consulting & Engineering, Air Systems, Drying & Runnability of Paper, Board and Tissue Machines, Jyskä, Finland
Published: June 2024

Good runnability of paper and board machines is often limited by issues such as web flutter, wrinkles, quality defects, web breaks, and problems with tail threading. When runnability problems are addressed by using unnecessarily high draws, it leads to an increase in web breaks, thereby reducing the machine's efficiency and productivity. One of the most crucial areas where numerous issues arise is the point where the paper transitions from the top hot cylinder to the bottom cylinder, known as the opening nip position. To design effective runnability solutions that counteract the negative forces affecting the paper web as it transitions to the drying section, advanced technologies are needed. Mathematical modeling in the paper industry heavily relies on physical models that include many empirical correlations and assumptions. However, even well-developed mathematical models struggle to accurately describe systems with high degrees of nonlinearity. This study attempted to simulate the opening nip underpressure using Advanced Neural Network application. The findings indicated a strong alignment between the simulated and experimental data, implying that Advanced Neural Networks could serve as a valuable tool for both designing and diagnosing the performance of existing runnabilty components in paper machines.
AUTOMATIZATON OF INPUT CONTROL OF WASTE PAPER IN SMURFIT KAPPA BEOGRAD COMPANY
Authors:   Smurfit Kappa Beograd d.o.o, Beograd, Srbija, Juričić Tomislav
Published: June 2024

The paper presents the introduction into operation of a new system for automatic input control of waste paper that is brought into the paper factory as a secondary raw material. The principle of operation is presented and the effects of the introduction of the new system are analyzed.
Readiness of Industrial Fisheries Wastewater Treatment at the Nusantara Fishing Port in Sibolga
Authors:   Marine Fisheries Technology Study Program, IPB Postgraduate School, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Siregar Arismayani , Mustaruddin Mustaruddin ,   Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Muninggar Retno ,   Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Darmawan Darmawan ,   Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

The Nusantara Sibolga fishing port has a fish processing industry, which generates waste, including liquid waste, from its activities. The handling of wastewater from the industry involves treating the wastewater to meet quality standards before it is discharged into the open environment. In this study, the wastewater is channeled to the sea through an integrated wastewater treatment plant, as it originates from three different fishery industries. This is stipulated in the Minister of Environment Regulation Number 05 of 2014. The purpose of this study is to identify the facilities of the wastewater treatment installation and the final quality of its process. Data were obtained through direct surveys and interviews with stakeholders, and then samples for water quality were tested in a laboratory. The wastewater treatment installation equipment has the highest value from the readiness analysis results of the Sibolga fishing port wastewater treatment installation. The analysis showed that the highest score, 13 out of a total of 16, came from the collection tank of PT.ASL. The highest scores for treatment units were the sedimentation pond and the main collection tank, both scoring 11. This evaluation is also related to the quality results of the wastewater at the outlet. The evaluation of the readiness analysis results involves improving each device of the wastewater treatment installation for optimal results.