bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF AMOXICILLIN IN CAPSULES
Authors: IGLIN Tiago Hickman , FACHEL Flávia Nathiely Silveira , GUWZINSKI Amanda Gonçalves , SILVEIRA Airton Monza da , ALBANO Filipe de Medeiros , FUNCK José Aparício Brittes
Published: August 2021

Amoxicillin, substance-related to semisynthetic penicillin, has been widely used to treat infections caused by various microorganisms, however reports of suitable methods for the quantitative determination and indicative of the stability of formulations containing this substance are rare. Due to lack of studies on the forced degradation of the substance and on the need to monitor the quality of this type of formulation was proposed and validated a method for the determination of amoxicillin content in capsules by high-performance liquid chromatography - HPLC for the quality control of amoxicillin capsules, allowing the provision of useful information about the characteristics of this type of formulation and its stability. The method was validated for parameters of linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and robustness
TOOL STEEL WEAR RESISTANCE EVALUATION PRODUCED BY POWDER METALLURGY, HEAT TREATED VACCUM
Authors: PAZ Vinicius de Freitas , TREVISAN Lisiane , REGULY Afonso
Published: August 2021

Determination of wear rate is fundamental to life estimation tools heat treated, used in metal forming processes for the metalworking industry. Thus, the main purpose of this article is to determine the five types of wear rate of tool steel produced by powder metallurgy and one by conventional casting, heat-treated by vacuum hardening process, and triple tempered. To this end, we used the test method "pin and drive", which was used for testing three specimens for two different surface finishes (ground and polished) and 10N test load. The results showed that the wear rate will change for different surface finishes studied. It is suggested for further work can be measured the effect of different loads test tool steels, as well as engineering tested coatings on the surface of these materials.
INTERVIEW WITH MARKUS KAYSER
Authors: DE BONI L. A. BRANDINI DE , GOLDANI E.
Published: August 2021

In the current edition of the Journal, we interviewed Mr. Markus Kayser, a Ph.D. student at MIT. Mr. Kayser was interviewed about his Solar Sinter project, a machine that can melt sand using nothing more than sunlight. We asked him about the possibility of melting different materials other than sand, like basalt, since basalt and sand have high melting points. The basalt rock melts from 984 °C (1803.2 F) to 1260 °C (2300 F) and sand from 1600 °C (2912 F)to 1723 °C (3133,4 F). Mr. Kayser developed what appears to be a simple and affordable machine, which not only melts sand but also utilizes the process of digital additive fabrication to form useful objects.
THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE EXPERIMENTAL MODELS ON MICROSURGERY TECHNIQUE’S TRAINING FOR MEDICINE UNDERGRADUTE STUDENTS
Authors: HERRMANN Fábio , PESENATTO Gustavo Guthmann , GOLDANI Eduardo , SILVA Jefferson Braga
Published: August 2021

In Brazil, there is a great lack of micro-surgeons due to the fact that the training is long, expensive and requires a lot of dedication. With the outbreak of Committee on Animal Research and Ethics, it becomes increasingly restricted the surgical training of academics using small and medium-sized animals. The objective of this work was to report the training of medical academics of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) in microsurgery in the repair of peripheral nerve lesions by means of the tubulization technique. The 12-week training was carried out in a research laboratory of the PUCRS Hospital-School, using a low-cost commercial experimental model (cooled chicken thigh purchased in the local market of the city of Porto Alegre) and consisted in the execution of incision techniques Medial to the femur, dissection of the adjacent structures and exposure of the sciatic nerve, sciatic nerve section and tubulization by suturing the proximal and distal nerve at the ends of the silicone tube. The training provided an evolution in the skill of the trained technicians as well as in the time necessary for its accomplishment demonstrating that commercialized chicken pieces are an excellent model for the microsurgical training.
QUERCETIN STABILITY UNDER MECHANICAL STRESS IN THE PRESENCE OF PLANT-BASED POLYMERS
Authors: ORLOV Denis V. , LOMOVSKIY Igor O. , LOMOVSKIY Oleg I.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we consider mechanical stress resistance of quercetin -3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone in pure substance, in a mixture of crystalline solid quercetin with plant based polymers, and adsorbed on plant based polymers. The plant based polymers were produced by step-by-step chemical removal of components of plant material. The most stable to machine treatment is the quercetin adsorbed on cellulose polymer components, which retain the texture of the original plant tissue. The capability to increase quercetin stability in the process of mechanical treatment changes from hemicellulose via amorphous cellulose to crystalline cellulose. Adsorption on crystalline and amorphous cellulose, which do not retain morphology of plant material, causes reduction in the stability of adsorbed quercetin to a subsequent mechanical treatment. Quercetin that is adsorbed on polyphenolic plant based polymer lignin is the least resistant to mechanical treatment. The understanding of interaction of quercetin and other phenolic compounds with cellulose based matrixes can help to get a new view on technological processes of extraction and mechanical treatment of plant materials.
BOX-BEHNKEN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FOR ELECTROKINETIC REMOVAL OF ALUMINUM FROM DRINKING WATER TREATMENT SLUDGE
Authors: MARDER Fernanda , STÜLP Simone , HILGEMANN Maurício
Published: August 2021

Electrokinetic remediation is an emerging technology that can be used to remove contaminants from soils or sludge by application of an electric field. Here, we investigated the effects of potential apllied, electrolysis time and electrolyte content upon electrokinetic removal of aluminum from drinking water treatment sludge using the statistical Box-Behnken Design. The analysis gave a significant model, in which the quadratic part in particular was significant, thus justifying the optimization experiments. Since there was no apparent lack of fit, the model could be considered valid and its results interpreted more thoroughly. The values of the β coefficients, and their significance indicates that the most significant coefficients are the quadratic effects of potential applied and electrolysis time. The response surface showed an optimum predicted yield of 60.5% for a potential applied of 25 V, an electrolysis time of 72 h and 90% electrolyte content.
RESEARCHING OF INFLUENCE OF TUNGSTEN, SILICON AND IMPURITIES OXIDATION ON ELECTROLYTIC DISSOLUTION OF CU-ZN AND FE-NI-CO ANODES
Authors: ALEXANDROVA T. A. , GORLENKOV D. V. , ROMANOVA N. A.
Published: August 2021

The conditions for the recycling of electronic equipment are an urgent task and highly dependent on environmental regulations and requirements. Modern technologies of recycling of electronic waste need to meet the increasing demand for metals and meet the requirements. Extraction of precious and non-ferrous metals from waste microelectronics is more beneficial than obtaining them from their ores. The development of an integrated waste recycling technology of microelectronics requires a thorough and comprehensive approach. Compositions of the concentrates and anodes are presented in the article. The compositions of the anodes were analyzed on X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Lab Center XRF-1800. Measurements were conducted of the potentials of the anodes of different composition and in different electrolytes. The role of the oxidant impurities that affected to progress of electrolytic dissolution was defined. It is concluded that silicon can be used as an impurity, which can be used to regulate and control the process of electrochemical dissolution. The addition of silicon during melting of anodes allows to avoid the process of passivation of the alloy in sulfuric acid electrolyte. Tungsten can be a collector for gold. The oxidation of tungsten is a necessary condition for reducing the loss of gold.
Variation in agronomic characters among traditional rice varieties of Cooch Behar, West Bengal: A Case Study
Authors:   Department of Botany, Gurudas College, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India, De Mitu , Dey Santi Ranjan ,   Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
Published: August 2021

The expertise of agro-morphological variability within a crop and its dispersion across agro-ecological areas may be very useful in managing the crop’s germplasm and developing improved methods. Crop failure is guarded against through genetic variety. However, dwindling genetic wealth erodes the capacity to maintain and enhance agricultural productivity. West Bengal has rich rice genetic wealth. But this genetic wealth is being silently depleted due to the onslaught of the high-yielding varieties (HYVs) and neglect The 10 traditional rice varieties were collected from the Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, India. The present study aimed to characterize the rice genotypes using agronomic characters. The assessment was done following the Standard Evaluation System (SES) for rice developed by the International Rice Research Institute. Even though all the ten local rice varieties were adapted to the Cooch Behar district, a fair amount of diversity was found among the rice genotypes.
Synthesis of Coumarin Based Chemo-Sensors for the Detection of CN¯ Ions
Authors:   Department of Chemistry,  Seth Anandram Jaipuria College, 10, Raja Naba Krishna St, Raja Nabakrishna Street Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Sengupta Satadal , Pal Nilasish ,   Department of Chemistry,  Seth Anandram Jaipuria College, 10, Raja Naba Krishna St, Raja Nabakrishna Street Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Bhattacharyya Anwesha ,   Department of Chemistry,  Seth Anandram Jaipuria College, 10, Raja Naba Krishna St, Raja Nabakrishna Street Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Published: August 2021

In the modern day, chemistry governs the very essence of life on a sub-atomic level from simple toothpaste to life-saving drugs, we depend on the chemicals that constitute the very essence of existence itself. Therefore, the detection and study of these chemicals recognized as an absolute necessity because along with pros comes the cons, i.e., the toxicity & the notorious side effects of the very same chemicals. Thus, certain compounds called ‘Chemo-sensors’ specialise in trapping target chemical entities which could be separated later or create specific fluorescent lights, making them visible to the naked eye. One such type of ‘fluorescent chemo-sensor is the family of chemicals called Coumarins. From the topic, we come across the family of Coumarins that can help detect the Cyanide ions (CN–) following the mechanism involving nucleophilic addition and intermolecular charge transfer (ICT), resulting in high fluorescence.
Diversity of Endophytic fungi in liana, Celastrus paniculatus collected from few sites of Jhargram and Paschim Medinipur districts, West Bengal, India
Authors:   Department of Botany, Bangabasi College, Kolkata-700009, West Bengal, India, Bagchi Biplab , Saradar Binod ,   Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata-700073, W.B., India
Published: August 2021

To determine the identity and diversity of endophytic fungi associated with the liana from five different forest localities of Jhargram and West Medinipur districts of West Bengal. On the basis of differentiation of weather and microclimate, I have to select the regions. Between the two regions, the distance is at least 25-30 km, the microclimate and moisture under the canopy will differ, it affects mainly on the presence of endophytes. Leaf, fruit and stem segments were collected randomly in summer, winter and monsoon in 2018. It is impossible to take all leaves and other organs of a plant because plant parts should be collected sustainably so that minimum damage of stock occurs. Surfaces of all samples were sterilised just before putting on pot5ato dextrose agar (PDA) media for the growth of endophytic fungal mycelia and their isolation. Fungi were isolated and identified based on the morphology of its colony, and mycelial form and morphology, sexual and asexual reproductive structures and their characters, spore-form and nature of attachment, cultural conditions etc. were taken in consideration to identify them. Total 1125 samples were used for endophytic growth. The total of 1558 endophytic fungi were isolated from 797 sample segments of Celastrus paniculatus. The dominant endophytic fungi belong to genera Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Chaetomium sp., Beltrania sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Verticillium sp., Arthrinium sp, Penicillium sp., Podospora sp., Alternarium sp., Acrocylindrium sp. etc. Maximum endophytic isolates were obtained from leaf segments followed by fruit and then stem. In monsoon, colonization frequency shows highest (80.53%) and in summer, it is lowest (61.87%) from the plant samples of all locations. The examples from Chilkigarh shows the highest colonization frequency (90.22%) and from Nayagram, it is the lowest (61.78%). The leaf’s colonization frequency is maximum (84.53%) and the stem is minimum (62.4%). Most of the isolated endophytic fungi were found under the group Deuteromycetes. Endophytic fungi show a wide range of Shannon-Weiner and Simpson’s indices. These indicators point to an equal and throughout distribution of different species. The findings add to our knowledge of the identity and diversity of endophytic fungi, which are expected to have a variety of interactions with their host plants.
Educação e Diversidade Cultural: desafios amazônicos
Authors:   UFAM, Pinheiro Harald Sá Peixoto
Published: August 2021

O E-book “Educação e Diversidade Cultural – Desafios Amazônicos” expressa o desejo de situar as discussões sobre Educação e Cultura para fora dos clichês mais convencionais. Essa tendência mais contemporânea pretende colocar temas da cultura amazônica diante de uma nova relação de tensões interculturais, em confronto com outros modos de subjetividade, novos sujeitos sociais e com outras possíveis racionalidades, em face de um movimento cada vez mais emergente de descolonização e desmoronamento de fronteiras que impedem a visibilidade do Outro. Os processos educacionais se inserem nesse cenário de mudanças e alcançam nos textos aqui trabalhados o esforço de pesquisadores maduros em suas experiências de campo e suas abordagens metodológicas e teóricas.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of some brown seaweeds collected in Nha Trang bay, Khanh Hoa province
Authors: Nguyen Han T.
Published: August 2021

Diabetes has become a global problem in recent years. Inhibition of α-glucosidase is one of the effective approaches to control the postprandial blood glucose and thereby managing diabetes. This study evaluated inhibitory activity of seven brown seaweed extracts (Colpomenia sinuosa, Padina australis, Sargassum aquifolium, Sargassum mcclurei, Sargassum duplicatum, Sargassum polycystum and Sargassum swartzi) against α-glucosidase. The results indicated that all seaweed extracts inhibited enzyme activity with the IC50 values ranging from 154.27 to 426.27 μg/mL. The seaweed Sargassum mcclurei showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The effects of extraction conditions and extraction solvent fractions on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Sargassum mcclurei were investigated. The suitable extraction conditions were found to be the solid to liquid ratio (g/mL) of 1/40, the extraction time of 60 min and the extraction temperature of 60oC. The ethyl acetate extracted fraction showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with other fractions.
Synthesis and transfer of RNAi construct for potential knock-down of gene expression of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) to rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Nguyen Phong V.
Published: August 2021

Effectors play key roles in the parasitism of the plant-parasitic nematode. Silencing the effector-coding genes was applied to study the function and role of nematode effectors. In this study, the Mgra16281 gene (ID: MK322955.1) encoding an effector with the unknown function was cloned from the rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola isolated in Long An province. To knock-down the expression of this gene, an artificial microRNA was synthesized based on the Osa-MIR528 precursor and inserted into an expression vector. This microRNA can be expressed in rice to investigate the function of MGRA16281 of root-knot nematode via host-induced gene silencing approach (HIGS).
HIGHLIGHTING THE SOUND SHIFT IN PUNJABI LANGUAGE: A CORPUS-BASED DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Arslan Muhammad Farukh ,   Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Mahmood Asim ,   MPhil. Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Haroon Hira
Published: August 2021

Punjabi language is most widely spoken language of Pakistan (Abbas, Chohan, Ahmed, & Kaleem, 2016). Punjabi is under developed language because of which, upcoming generations are shifting to other technically and digitally developed languages such as Urdu and English. In result of which, the sound shift is being observed in Punjabi language. Sounds which used to be present in the past in Punjabi language are found missing now. This leads to a problematic situation that this sound shift may result in language extinction and sound loss. This study is about the sound change and it has been studied in Punjabi language. On the basis of observation of speech in surrounding, researcher made a hypothesis that those speakers of Punjabi language who acquired Punjabi as L1 are able to produce few distinctive sounds that are not produced by the speakers who acquired Urdu as a mother tongue. For this purpose, a corpus of 2 million words was collected and the words including the sounds |n|ن and |l| ل were particularly shortlisted from the corpus. The speakers from both origins were asked to pronounce these words, the hypothesis was proved and, in result, variations in the pronunciation of sounds were observed. Sociolinguists and Phonologists need to heed on this issue to save Punjabi language from extinction.
A STUDY ON THE CONCEPT OF THIRD PLACE IN DONALD TRUMP'S SPEECH AT RIYADH SUMMIT ON MAY 2017
Authors:   MA in Linguistics and Translation, The Islamic University, Gaza Palestine, Hijazi Eman
Published: August 2021

The current study investigates the concept of third place in the 47 American President Donald Trump’s speech at the Islamic summit held in Riyadh in May 2017. The researcher intends to examine if his speech includes some features of third-place or not. To achieve the study's aims, the researcher investigates the following topics related to Trump's speech in Riyadh if Donald Trump succeeded in using and applying the third place and its approaches to persuade them for pure and seamless reconciliation. The result shows some third-place features, such as the full awareness of the historical roots of tensions between the West and Muslim countries. The use of the first-person pronouns (Agency) refers to Trump’s declaration on several occasions that Islam is the religion of terrorism, and extremism needed to be faced. Moreover, Trump used techniques to approach the Muslim world throughout the third pace, such as logic and avoidance techniques and intertextuality.
THE PARAMETRIC VARIATIONS OF ENGLISH AND KANURI NOUN PHRASES: A MINIMALIST APPROACH
Authors:   PhD in English Linguistics, Department of Languages and Linguistics, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria, Gazali Baba Kura Alkali
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the parametric variations of English and Kanuri noun phrases (NPs) within the theoretical framework of Principles and Parameters (P&P), and the study adopts Chomsky’s (1995) Minimalist Approach (MA). In conducting the research, the researcher uses his native intuition to collect the data for this study. The secondary sources of data involve the use of three competent native speakers to validate the data. The outcome of the study reveals that there are differences and similarities between the two languages which are genetically different –Kanuri Nilo is a Saharan language while English is an Endo European language. The differences are: Kanuri is a head final language while English is head initial language. On the complement phrases, the two languages share dissimilarities –quantifiers and adjectives occur post head in Kanuri while the quantifiers and adjectives occur pre-head in English. Finally, the two languages share similarities in terms of noun plural formation morphologically suffixed to post head nouns and definiteness and agreement features [-Def] [+PL Num].
ILLITERACY EFFECTS ON LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE MOROCCAN RURAL WORLD: CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies (FSTT), Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tangier-Morocco, Housseine Bachiri
Published: August 2021

This paper fundamentally aspires to make context-based recommendations to the increasingly rising number of Moroccan female cooperatives in rural areas, particularly in the region of Fes-Meknes. Similarly, it endeavors to problematize illiteracy and its effects on local and regional development among rural women in the aforementioned region. It must be noted that solidarity cooperatives unquestionably help mitigate both feminine poverty and unemployment, and simultaneously incrementally establish an ongoing entrepreneurial platform for rural women. Such a platform can directly grant the potentiality of helping these women make quantum leaps in development, as well as become socio-culturally emancipated from the stereotypes and clichés that have kept them invisible for decades in the so-called domestic sphere. The data gathered by means of focus groups’ sessions in different Fes-Meknes areas and villages, Ifrane, Azrou, Imouzzer, Sefrou and Ain Louh, was of paramount importance in making recommendations that are realistically inspired and meticulously drawn from research informants whose participation in local and regional development, albeit challenges, has drawn a significant amount of attention from state actors, such as the Office of Development and Cooperation (ODCO) and associations of civil society, such as the Moroccan Center for Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship (MCISE). One can confidently state that human development can solely be born out of solidarity, collaboration and encouragement in order to ultimately defy social ills and create seamless cohesion and prosperity.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING: ITS EFFECTS ON STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING EXPOSITORY ESSAYS
Authors:   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Jumariati Ms , Amelia Rizky ,   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Elyani Eka Puteri ,   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Mahendra Tofan ,   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Published: August 2021

Having the ability to think critically is prominent to aid students in dealing with academic life, filtering any information, and solving problems. This study investigates the effects of Problem-Based Learning on students’ ability in writing expository essays. It employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design by utilizing intact classes of advanced writing. The study utilized a writing test and a scoring rubric as the instruments to collect the data. The experimental group was taught by using PBL with group works whereas the control group was taught by using individual guided problem-solving. The findings on the t-test conveyed that the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, there is a significant difference in the mean score of the students in the experimental group and those in the control group. Moreover, the analysis of each component of writing revealed that the implementation of PBL gives a significant effect on the components of content and organization. Hence, small group discussion for problem-solving tasks is recommended to develop students’ critical thinking skills, social skills, and writing skills particularly in writing expository essays of problem-solution.
DISCOVERING AND APPLYING MINDFULNESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: A BOOK-REVIEW
Authors:   Bulacan State University, Philippines, Nanquil Luisito M. , Leon Crisanta T. De ,   Head of Faculty Development Program, Bulacan State University, Philippines
Published: August 2021

At the time when students and teachers are experiencing all the negative thoughts and emotions caused by transitions and changes which have come to their lives spontaneously, the power of mindful thinking plays an imperative role. One of the steps in promoting and maintaining social, and emotional well-being of people is to be connected. But a number of people do not know when and how to spark mindfulness and well-being to others. They think there are so many thoughts that linger on their minds and overload of those issues make them feel weary. As teachers handle several issues in the classroom and virtual world, their personal well-being which includes social, emotional, and mental being is pressed also. It is the intention of the reviewer to examine this widely circulated material that aims to inform or orient readers particularly professionals like teachers among others on how they can practice mindfulness to sustain and protect emotional and social well-being.
INTERNAL RESONANCE FOR POWER TRANSFORMER INTERACTED WITH CABLE TRANSIENTS
Authors: Nassar Alyaa A. , Taalab Abdel-Maksoud I. , Izzularab Mohamed A. , Elkalashy Nagy I.
Published: August 2021

Power transformers may be subjected to switching surges or fault events that may be responsible for internal transformer resonance. This paper deals with two scenarios of cable-transformer resonance. The first resonance case is due to single-phase earth

fault, the second resonance is due to capacitor energization. These two situations lead to excessive transient overvoltages in the secondary side of the power transformer. The effect of various factors on these transient overvoltages is studied. The study is

performed on three-phase 155 MVA power transformer. Fast Fourier transform is used for analysis and defining resonance frequencies. Also, phase-plane diagram and discrete wavelet transform are used for internal resonance feature extraction. The

results confirm overvoltage occurrence on the low voltage side of power transformer behind cable due to cable-transformer resonance.
OPTIMIZATION AND SIZING OF AN ISLAND MICROGRID BASED ON PHOTOVOLTAIC/FUEL CELL (PV/FC) IN KSA
Authors: Samy M. M. , Alkhuzaii K. A.
Published: August 2021

The major goal of this research manuscript is to conduct economical and feasibility studies of an island photovoltaic/fuel cell (PV/FC) hybrid system. It has been designed to feed electricity to a remote area positioned in albaha zone in Kingdom of

Saudi Arabia. To achieve this mission, all system devices are modelled and simulated via optimization mechanisms. An objective function is formulated relied on the total

annual cost (TAC). An optimization mechanism, the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) has been applied to obtain the optimum number of the photovoltaic (PV) panels, the electrolyzers; the H2 storage tanks the fuel cells (FCs) and the number of batteries for the proposed system with the least total net present value (TNPV) of the hybrid system. The loss of power supply probability (LPSP) has been utilized to improve the performance of the proposed system. The premier estimation fluctuation effect of the FC, the electrolyzer and the H2 storage tanks on the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) has been applied in the sensitivity test.
HEAVY-LIGHT MESONS IN THE SYMMETRIES OF EXTENDED NONRELATIVISTIC QUARK MODEL
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid
Published: August 2021

In present work, the modified Schrödinger equation (MSE) is analytically solved. The Heavy-Light Mesons (HLM) under modified nonrelativistic quark-antiquark potential, are extended to the symmetries of noncommutative quantum mechanics

(NCQM), using the generalized Bopp’s shift method. The energy a spectrum of HLM has been investigated in the framework of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD) extended nonrelativistic quark model. The new energy eigenvalues and the

corresponding Hamiltonian operator are calculated in the 3-dimensional noncommutative real space phase (NC: 3D-RSP) symmetries. The masses of the scalar, vector, pseudoscalar, and pseudovector for (B, Bs , D and Ds) mesons have

been calculated in (NC: 3D-RSP). Moreover, using the perturbation approach, we found that the perturbative solutions of discrete spectrum can be expressed by the parabolic cylinder functions function, Gamma function, the discreet atomic quantum numbers (j, l, s, m) of the ǪǬ state and (the spin independent and

spin dependent) parameters (a, b, g, h), in addition to noncommutativity parameters. Furthermore, we have shown that the total complete degeneracy of new energy levels of HLM was changed to become equals to the new value 3n2 instead to the old values n2 in ordinary quantum mechanics. Our obtained results are in good agreement with the already existing literature in NCQM.
OCR FOR ENGLISH CHARACTERS BASED ON POLAR HISTOGRAM FEATURE EXTRACTION AND EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE
Authors: Alshehri Saleh Ali
Published: August 2021

Optical character recognition is the process of converting characters from image format to text format. The process includes four main stages namely: pre-processing, feature extraction, character recognition, and post-processing. The success is mainly based on the feature extraction method and the character recognition algorithm. When optical character recognition systems are developed for mobile devices, two main constraints must be addressed. They are the system’s size and speed. In this research, both were considered. A small feature dataset was created using polar histogram of x and y projections of the character image. In addition, a simple character recognition algorithm based on Euclidean distance was adapted. An accuracy of over 99.9% was achieved in near microsecond scale recognizing execution time on the development system.
THERMO-ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF GAS TURBINES POWER PLANTS WITH COOLED AIR INTAKE
Authors: Jassim Rahim K. , Zaki Galal M. , Alhazmy Majed M.
Published: August 2021

Gas turbine (GT) power plants operating in arid climates suffer a decrease in output power during the hot summer months because of insufficient cooling. Cooling the air intake to the compressor has been widely used to mitigate this shortcoming. An energy analysis of a GT Brayton cycle coupled to a refrigeration cycle shows a promise for increasing the output power with a little decrease in thermal efficiency. A thermo-economics algorithm is developed and applied to an open cycle, Hitachi MS700 GT plant at the industrial city of Yanbu by the Red Sea in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Result shows that the enhancement in output power depends on the degree of chilling the air intake to the compressor (a 12 - 22 K decrease is achieved). For this case study, maximum power gain ratio (PGR) is 15.46%, at a decrease in thermal efficiency of 12.25%. The cost of adding the air cooling system is also investigated and a cost function is derived that incorporates time-dependent meteorological data, operation characteristics of the GT and the air intake cooling system and other relevant parameters such as interest rate, lifetime, and operation and maintenance costs. The profit of adding the air cooling system is calculated for different electricity tariff.
A SIMPLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MOSAPRIDE BY DIAZOTIZATION METHOD
Authors: Pasha Chand , Narayana B.
Published: August 2021

A facile spectrophotometric method for the determination of mosapride is described. This method is based on the reaction of mosapride with nitrite in acid medium to form diazonium ion, which is coupled with acetylacetone or ethyl acetoacetate in basic medium to form azo dyes, which shows absorption maxima at 402

or 422 nm. The method obeys Beer’s law in the concentration range of 0.4-13.5 μgml-1 of mosapride with acetylacetone and 0.5-17.0 μgml-1 of mosapride with ethyl acetoacetate. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity of mosapride-acetylacetone

and mosapride-ethyl acetoacetate azo dyes are 1.026x104 lmol-1cm-1, 4.484 x 10-3 μgcm-2 and 1.097x104 lmol-1cm-1, 4.193x10-3 μgcm-2 respectively. The dye formed is stable for 8 hrs. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters are

evaluated. No interference observed from common excipients. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of mosapride in pharmaceutical samples.
Comparison of three interventional approaches to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units (ICUs): A clinical trial study
Authors: Zarinfar Nader , Ghaznavi-Rad Ehsanollah , Mahmoodiyeh Behnam , Reyhani Azita
Published: August 2021

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infectious pulmonary disease that develops after 48 hours of ventilation. To date, several methods have been proposed to reduce VAP occurrence, such as the VAP prevention bundle, which involves raising the head of the bed, reducing sedation, avoiding deep vein thrombosis, and preventing peptic ulcer in the gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of personnel in hand washing, case airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring in the prevention of VAP.

Methods: In the current clinical trial, 129 patients hospitalized and intubated at Vali-e-Asr Hospital ICU in Arak, Iran, were included in the study and randomized to one of the three VAP prevention methods: group A, VAP prevention bundle measures; group B, group A measures plus washing of patients’ mouth with 0.12% chlorhexidine and suction of secretion every six hours; and finally group C, group B measures plus 72-hour suction package. Demographic information, VAP diagnosis, and outcome of each patient were recorded in the special checklist.

Results: The age of the patients ranged from 18 years to 93 years with a mean of 54.6 ± 21.8 years. There was no significant difference in age, sex, Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) between the three groups. However, there is a significant relationship between chest X-ray (CXR) index and pneumonia in the three groups (p < 0.05). The prevalence of pneumonia is generally seen to be higher in patients who were local, diffuse, or patchy than those who had no infiltration (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study showed that the application of VAP prevention bundle measures, mouthwash with chlorhexidine, personnel hand washing, airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring is an efficient approach to the prevention of VAP in ICUs.
Zararlı Alg Patlaması ve Marmara Denizindeki Müsilaj Problemi İlişkisi
Authors: EREN Zeynep
Published: August 2021

Harmful phytoplankton species become dominant by increasing with the change of trophic conditions in aquatic environments that are under the pressure of many environmental problems such as pollution, overfishing, invasive species, and climate change. The overgrowth of these harmful phytoplankton species is often referred to as harmful algae growth or algal bloom, and as a result; a high amount of extracellular polymeric organic matter is secreted from the large number of living cells newly formed. These extracellular organic substances called mucilage; it is mostly produced by diatoms and dinoflagellates. This article provides basic information for describing the phytoplankton and the understanding of eutrophication and the mucilage problem caused by phytoplankton.
Zhongqiu Festival in Hwie Ing Kiong temple, Madiun
Authors: Maunardani Anitia Octantiar , Hartati C. Dewi
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This paper discusses about one of Chinese festival, namely Moon Cake Festival. This festival is celebrated by Chinese people in Madiun, East Java in Hwie Ing Kiong temple. At Hwie Ing Kiong temple the Zhong Qiu festival is still held as a form of maintaining Chinese culture, and inherit to their future generation. Through the ritual id dedicated to Mazupo, the sea guardian deity as a main deity in this temple and also to the moon deity, Chinese people in Madiun maintain the existence of this festival. The ritual is held in night after that people enjoy the moon cake outside the temple. The festival still exist up to now because it is well acculturated with local culture.
LANDSCAPES OF CITY AND LANSIA THAT SUFFER (THE CASE OF FATHER'S SPION GLASS, HUANG YONGMEI WORK)
Authors: Gunawan Hin Goan
Published: August 2021

Abstract. City is a symbol of modernity. The revival of the Urban Fiction genre in contemporary Chinese literature is driven by writers of the 1970s. It portrays not only urban landscapes with the beauty in their works, but also exposes the souls that suffer in urban spaces. As a symbol of a modern, advanced and civilized life portrayed in Huang Yongmei's short story "Rearview Mirror", it has a dark side. Various changes that move to bring progress do not necessarily change the fate and fortune of urban people who live in it. Instead of being able to enjoy a comfortable and orderly urban space, an elderly former truck driver in the text seems to be moving back in time. Huang Yongmei, literary winner of the 7th Lu Xun literary award (2018), builds allegories about denial of the progress or modernity of today's China. The Rearview Mirror property serves as a kind of reminder of how many parts of past lives have been left behind as we go fast in the flow of change. The magnitude of the progress and the change can only be measured by constantly looking back to its rickety and worn-out past. The suffer of the city people in old age is symbolized with the scene of going backwards, as a healing therapy for the abnormal spine due to sitting behind the wheel for too long. When the city people rush over each day, this old man goes backwards. The complexity of big city problems make the elderly desperate. Widower in old age, deceived by false loyalty, habit of going back to the past have turned into a swimming backstroke. Huang Yongmei has arrived to the point of firmness by keeping the urban’s subject away from the sparkling city life that just makes the little people suffer. The Father's Rearview Mirror text asserts that the urban subject who suffers in his last days leave his hometown, for good.
‘He Shall Be Called a Nazarene’: The Non-Citation of Matthew 2:23
Authors: August Jared M.
Published: August 2021

Numerous scholars have sought to identify the OT quotation to which Matthew 2:23 alludes. However, when the grammatical details of each of Matthew’s fourteen formula-citations are considered, it is apparent that Matthew did not intend to allude to any specific OT passage in 2:23. On the contrary, Matthew simply sought to develop the general OT expectation that the Messiah would come from humble origins, a reality consistent with Jesus’ upbringing in Nazareth. This thesis is demonstrated through an analysis and comparison of the fourteen formula-citations in Matthew’s Gospel. It is concluded that the formula-citations can be divided into two groups: (1) those which cite an OT passage (1:22; 2:15, 17; 4:14; 8:17; 12:17; 13:14, 35; 21:4; 27:9) and (2) those which develop an OT theme or expectation (2:23; 5:17; 26:54, 56).
Ethics and Imitatio Christi in 1 John: A Jewish Perspective
Authors: Leung Mavis M.
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on one of the ethical features of 1 John, namely ‘the imitation of Christ’. It argues that this ethical feature is related to the believers’ identity and vocation as the people of God. Just as in the OT Israel is obliged to reflect God’s nature in everyday life, the believers must take on Jesus’ character as their character and follow in his footsteps to surrender one’s own life for the benefits of others. The result of this paper indicates that the weight of the Jewish ethical thoughts in the formation of Johannine ethics is more important than often acknowledged.
Hebrews 12:18-24: Apocalyptic Typology or Platonic Dualism?
Authors: Cockerill Gareth Lee
Published: August 2021

Those who have approached Hebrews either from the point of view of apocalyptic eschatology or from the perspective of neoplatonism have often misinterpreted the two ‘mountains’ in Hebrews 12:18-24. The first understand these ‘mountains’ as representing the Old and New Covenants; the second, the earthly and heavenly worlds. This paper argues that the two ‘mountains’ represent two present possibilities. The first is the present state and future destiny of the disobedient who are excluded from fellowship with God; the second, the present state and future destiny of the faithful who enter into that fellowship. This interpretation is substantiated by a careful examination of the text and confirmed by the way this interpretation fits with Hebrews’ rhetorical strategy and use of the Old Testament. Crucial to the argument is the total lack of continuity between the two mountains that would be essential to substantiate either of the traditional interpretations.
‘Tantum in Domino’: Tertullian’s Interpretation of 1 Corinthians 7 in His Ad Uxorem
Authors: Ford Coleman
Published: August 2021

Tertullian of Carthage (c. AD 155–240) is most remembered for his adherence to the Montanist sect and subsequent moral rigidity. While various opinions exist as to the Montanist influence upon his writings, signs of such adherence are evident from an early period. This is true of his treatise Ad uxorem, written in the early third century. His views of marriage, specifically in light of the Pauline injunctive from 1 Corinthians 7:39, provide readers with an early, and relatively unexplored, perspective on Christian marriage. This essay examines this early treatise from Tertullian, and his interpretation of Paul, in order to better understand the complexities of Tertullian’s early view of marriage. Addressing the work of Elizabeth Clark on this topic, this essay presents the tantum in Domino (‘only in the Lord’) phrase as pivotal for understanding Tertullian’s view of marriage (and subsequent remarriage) as a created good.
The Pactum Salutis: A Scriptural Concept or Scholastic Mythology?
Authors: Williamson Paul R.
Published: August 2021

One of the three foundational covenants Reformed/Covenant theology is built upon is the Pactum Salutis or covenant of redemption. This refers to an intratrinitarian covenantal agreement, purportedly made before the creation of the world, to secure the salvation of God’s elect. The theological rationale and exegetical support for such a pre-temporal covenant is set out and examined, and it is argued that there are serious exegetical problems with the alleged biblical foundations for such a theological construct.
Justification by Faith 1517–2017: What Has Changed?
Authors: Lane Anthony N. S.
Published: August 2021

Justification was a key issue at the Reformation, and Protestants and Catholics have polarised over it. There was a brief moment of agreement at the Regensburg Colloquy in 1541, but this was swept away by the Council of Trent, whose Decree on Justification (1547) took care to demarcate itself from Protestantism. Hans Küng initiated a new approach, seeking points of agreement rather than difference. That approach eventually gave birth to the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification (1999). This does not pretend that no differences remain but claims that they are acceptable. It is fruitful to consider the differing concerns of each side. The focus of this paper is what may or may not have changed in Protestant–Catholic relations on justification, not the changing picture of modern biblical studies. In particular, I will not be looking at the New Perspectives (plural) on Paul nor at John Barclay’s recent magnum (if not maximum) opus.
Negotiating Hostility Through Beneficial Deeds
Authors: du Toit Sean
Published: August 2021

In this article we have surveyed the concept of ἀγαθοποιέω. It has been argued that this refers to various kinds of beneficial deeds, either for a community or individuals. At times the purpose of these good works is to neutralise hostility and convert an enemy into a friend. This strategy of benefiting an enemy is seen in both Graeco-Roman, Jewish, and early Christian writings. This provides an important context within which to understand and interpret 1 Peter. Contrary to Travis Williams’ proposal, good works are not to be understood as exclusively Jewish and Christian practices that were used to subvert hegemonic power structures within the Graeco-Roman world. Rather, in keeping with the educational concerns of early Christianity, what we see in 1 Peter is an effort to communicate clearly to a Gentile audience using familiar topoi. The purpose of benefitting others, including outsiders, is to provide an opportunity to allay pagan concerns that these Christians were a dangerous community. Peter’s strategy is that by demonstrating that Christians were people who benefit others, the hope is that this will both alleviate ignorance and provide an opportunity for ethical witness.
The Role of Semitic Catchwords in Interpreting the Epistle of James
Authors: Eng Daniel K.
Published: August 2021

This article examines the arrangement of the Epistle of James in light of Semitic documents that display catchword association. James shows evidence of being a compilation, with adjacent sections frequently connected by a common cognate. After identifying patterns of catchword association in the Hebrew Bible, LXX, and Qumran, the article identifies instances of catchword association in the Epistle of James. Finally, some conclusions are drawn for James, including recommendations about the study of its genre, provenance, structure, and interpretation.
Luther, Heidegger, and the Hiddenness of God
Authors: Norman Mark
Published: August 2021

This paper seeks to trace how certain Lutheran themes, particularly the tendency towards fideism evidenced in the Lutheran ‘Deus absconditus’ (‘hidden God’), were later adopted by Heidegger, and then misappropriated by certain ‘post-theological’ thinkers of the continental tradition in the late twentieth century. In what follows, the early Luther and his theology of the Cross will be firstly placed into its late medieval nominalist context, after which Heidegger’s employment of the Lutheran ‘hidden God’ in his formulation of the question of ‘being’ will be discussed. Finally, I will propose that the appreciation of Luther’s legacy and his relevance for philosophy lies not in popular ‘Heideggerian’ revisionist readings of the reformer but, alternatively, through integrating the Deus absconditus theme into the rest of his theological thought, including his historical context.
Three Lost Miniatures in Codex Sinopensis (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, supplément grec 1286; Gregory-Aland O/023)
Authors: Hixson Elijah
Published: August 2021

Codex Sinopensis (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, supplément grec 1286; Gregory-Aland O/023) is one of the earliest examples of an illuminated gospel book. This article examines instances of transferred paint in the codex along with textual and paratextual features to identify three lost miniatures that once adorned the pages of Codex Sinopensis. Thus, our knowledge of one of the earliest cycles of miniatures in a gospel book can be extended with the addition of the three identifiable but now-lost miniatures: The Miracle of the Coin from the Mouth of the Fish (Matthew 17:24–18:4), the Parable of the Labourers in the Vineyard (Matthew 19:25–20:9), and Christ’s Entrance into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:5-12).