bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Head Lice (Pediculosis capitis) Among Primary School Students in Varzaqan Villages, Northwest of Iran
Authors: Sepehri Maryam , Jafari Zahra
Published: December 2021

Background: Pediculosis capitis or head lice infestation is one of the most critical public health problems, primarily involving primary school children. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Pediculus capitis contamination among primary school students in the villages of Varzaqan city, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, in 2020. Methods: Overall, 400 primary school students aged 7 - 12 were selected through convenience sampling. First, a demographic checklist was filled out for each participant, and then hair examination was carried out individually and privately to detect head lice or eggs/nits. The data analysis was performed using descriptive (frequency and percentage) and analytical methods, including chi-square and t-tests (SPSS, version 16). A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of 400 students, 41 (10.3%) were infested with P. capitis. The prevalence rate significantly differed between boys (6.2%) and girls (14.8%). There was a significant association between pediculosis and mother’s education, father’s job, family income, history of infestation, number of combs per day, and frequency of hair washing per week. Conclusions: According to the prevalence of head lice in primary school children, we need to increase the awareness and train children, parents, and teachers through further cross-sectoral cooperation between education and health centers. Also, the presence of a hygiene teacher at school to improve the health status of students can significantly reduce the prevalence of pediculosis.
Síla stisku ruky u sportovních gymnastek
Authors: Čuta Martin , Vážná Anna
Published: December 2021

Tělesný habitus sportovních gymnastek je dán náročností tohoto sportu. Sportovní gymnastky musí krom dalších charakteristik disponovat i silou v horních končetinách. V rámci naší práce jsme se soustředili na sílu stisku ruky, který je vhodným ukazatelem celkového stavu silových schopností svalstva. Tento ukazatel byl doplněn o měření tělesné výšky, hmotnosti a obvodů předloktí. V rámci výzkumu byly celkem změřeny tyto charakteristiky u 42 sportovních gymnastek, které byly porovnány dle věkového rozdělení s hodnotami 68 studentek. Vyhodnocení proběhlo u 40 gymnastek a 52 studentek. Rozdíl v síle stisku ruky gymnastek a kontrolní skupiny byl nalezen v případě první a druhé věkové kategorie. Rozdíl v tělesné výšce byl nalezen pouze ve třetí věkové kategorii. Bylo též zjištěno, že se tělesnou výškou v nižším věku sportovní gymnastky neodlišují, ale byla u nich pozorována zvýšená svalová síla horních končetin.
Aprendizaje basado en proyecto en la arquitectura a través de herramientas online
Authors: Oregi Xabat , Rodriguez Iñigo , Martín-Garín Alexander
Published: December 2021

The content of this article focuses on an experience of the subject Environmental Conditioning II of the degree in Foundations of Architecture of the UPV/EHU. Due to the COVID crisis, it was necessary to reorganize the subject, to rethink the teaching methodology and to train in the use of the available computer tools. This course chose to avoid the use of a single tool, and instead tried to take advantage of the potential offered by different tools available at the university or freely available: eGela, Blackboard Collaborate, Youtube and Socrative. During the paper it is exposed for what kind of activities each tool was applied, how the evaluation system was carried out using these tools and also provides a critical view on the strengths and weaknesses of teaching using online tools based on the experience of the 2019/20 academic year.

El contenido de este artículo se centra en una experiencia de la asignatura Acondicionamiento Ambiental II del grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura de la UPV/EHU. Debido a la crisis del COVID, obligó a reorganizar la asignatura, a repensar la metodología docente y a formarse en el uso de las herramientas informáticas disponibles. Esta asignatura optó por evitar el uso de una única herramienta, sino que se intentó aprovechar el potencial que ofrecían diferentes herramientas que disponía la universidad o que eran de acceso gratuito: eGela, Blackboard Collaborate, Youtube y Socrative. Durante el documento se expone para qué tipo de actividades se ha aplicado cada herramienta, cómo se ha llevado a cabo el sistema de evaluación mediante estas herramientas y también se aporta una visión crítica sobre las fortalezas y debilidades de la enseñanza mediante herramientas online basada en la experiencia del curso 2019/20.
Desarrollo del Programa de Aprendizaje y Servicio en diversas asignaturas del grado de arquitectura
Authors: Coll Pla Sergio , Costa Jover Agustí
Published: December 2021

The learning and service program allows the approach of university teaching in architecture to society. The methodology offers a formative experience where the student develops their social skills and evaluates the social utility of their work, improving their ability to assume responsibilities. At the Reus School of Architecture, the program has been applied in the subjects of Construction IV, Pathologies and rehabilitation, Architectural heritage. Analysis and interventions and finally, the Final Degree Project. The work method will involve the understanding of the teaching plans of each subject for the inclusion of the Learning and Service projects, the understanding of each of the associations that collaborate each project, the explanation of the development of the learning program and service, and final individual and collective conclusions.

El programa de aprendizaje y servicio permite el acercamiento de la docencia universitaria en arquitectura a la sociedad. La metodología ofrece una experiencia formativa donde el alumno desarrolla sus habilidades sociales mejorando su capacidad de asumir responsabilidades. En la Escuela de Arquitectura de Reus se ha aplicado el programa en las asignaturas de Construcción IV, Patologías y rehabilitación, Patrimonio arquitectónico. Análisis e intervenciones; y finalmente, del Trabajo Final de Grado. El método de trabajo comportara la comprensión de los planes docentes de cada asignatura para la inclusión de los proyectos de Aprendizaje y Servicio, la comprensión de cada una de las asociaciones que colaboran en cada proyecto, la explicación del desarrollo del programa de aprendizaje y servicio, y unas conclusiones individuales y colectivas finales.
Integración de estándares sostenibles en proyectos arquitectónicos
Authors: Oregi Xabat
Published: December 2021

This article presents the experience of the work that has been developed within the subject Energy Optimization of Heritage of the degree in Foundations of Architecture of the UPV/EHU. For the first time, during the 2020/21 academic year, different standards associated with sustainability have been integrated into architectural projects previously developed by students of the Master of Architecture of the UPV/EHU. The objective of this integration is mainly focused on stimulating a debate and assimilating the direct architectural and urbanistic influence that the implementation of different standards that are being demanded in the national and international market implies. At the end of the course it is concluded that the integration of sustainable standards should not be limited to an optional subject, but based on a clear, objective and transversal goal it should be structural in the different areas and subjects of the architecture degree.

Este artículo expone la experiencia del trabajo que se ha desarrollado dentro de la asignatura Optimización energética del patrimonio del grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura de la UPV/EHU. Por primera vez, durante el curso 2020/21, se han integrado diferentes estándares asociados a la sostenibilidad en proyectos arquitectónicos desarrollados previamente por el alumnado del master universitario en arquitectura de la UPV/EHU. El objetivo de esta integración principalmente se centra en estimular un debate y asimilar la influencia arquitectónica y urbanística directa que supone la implementación de diferentes estándares que se están demandando en el mercado nacional e internacional. Tras finalizar el curso, se concluye que la integración de los estándares sostenibles no se debería de limitar a una asignatura optativa, sino que en base a un meta claro, objetivo y transversal debería de ser estructural en las diferentes áreas y asignaturas del grado de arquitectura.
No se trata de ver videos: métodos de aprendizaje de la geometría descriptiva
Authors: Álvarez Atarés Fco. Javier
Published: December 2021

Application of an active methodology in the study of theory in the subject of Geometry as a starting point for improving the theoretical knowledge necessary for its direct application in practical exercise. The problem of theoretical teaching in this subject and its understanding, the context in which this methodology is applied, its approach as well as its development during its application during three academic years are analyzed. The activity is planned as an exercise outside the classroom but has its direct implication from the moment you enter the classroom to work. Based on the Flipped Learning pedagogical model, it seeks for the student to learn at their own pace and appropriate to their needs and prior knowledge. It isn´t about eliminating theory; it works applied to those points that are verified and are more difficult to understand.

Aplicación de una metodología activa en el estudio de la teoría en la asignatura de Geometria como punto de partida de la mejora del conocimiento teorico necesario para su aplicación directa en el ejercicio práctico. Se analiza la problemática de la enseñanza teórica en esta asignatura y su comprensión,  el contexto en el que se aplica esta metodología, su planteamiento asi como el desarrollo de la misma durante su aplicación durante tres cursos académicos. La actividad se plantea como un ejercicio fuera del aula pero que tiene su implicación directa desde el momento en el que se entra en esta a trabajar. Basado en el modelo pedagógico Flipped Learning busca que el alumno aprenda con un ritmo propio y adecuado a sus necesidades y conocimientos previos. No se trata de eliminar la teoría; se trabaja aplicada a aquellos puntos que se comprueba son más difíciles de entender.
¿Autómatas o autónomas? Juegos emocionales para el empoderamiento alineado y no alienado
Authors: Ruiz Plaza Angela
Published: December 2021

The pedagogy of the "contagion" of ecological and humanistic consciousness proposes to motivate to use our biology for decision-making according to ecological balance through neuroscientific tools applied to teaching. In a discipline such as architecture where complexity and rigor are combined with creativity and humanism, the focus on biology and the connection with nature from intuition allow an approach based on regenerative design, where it is incorporated into design. perceptual, sensory and emotional issues. The pedagogical challenge is based on a simulation with random conditions in relation to the human (humanistic approach) and the natural (biological approach), where the student is motivated and empowered to create a proposal from the connection with their own intuition more instinctive, from the phenomenology of perception and through play as a tool for connecting with the unconscious.

La pedagogía del “contagio“ de la conciencia ecológica y humanista propone motivar para utilizar nuestra biología para la toma de decisiones acorde al equilibrio ecológico a través de herramientas neurocientíficas aplicadas a la docencia. En una disciplina como la arquitectura donde la complejidad y el rigor se unen a la creatividad y el humanismo, el centramiento en la biología y en la conexión con la naturaleza desde la intuición permiten un planteamiento basado en el diseño regenerativo, donde se incorpora al diseño cuestiones perceptivas, sensoriales y emocionales. El reto pedagógico se basa en un simulacro con condiciones aleatorias en relación a lo humano (enfoque humanista) y a lo natural (enfoque biológico), donde al alumno/a se le motiva y empodera para crear una propuesta desde la conexión con su propia intuición más instintiva, desde la fenomenología de la percepción y a través del juego como herramienta de conexión con el inconsciente.
Habitar 3.0: una estrategia para (re)pensar la arquitectura
Authors: González Ortiz Juan Carlos
Published: December 2021

What are the new game rules that the pandemic leaves us as learning to create healthy habitats with sensitive and participatory spaces? What is the role of architecture in this post-pandemic scenario? What are the challenges to redirect learning in architecture schools? The Architectural and Urban Design Workshop III of the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Arts (FADA) of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE) enters the debate and provides some ideas for discussion through two experiences of gamification as a didactic method posing design challenges of the domestic space in this context. Three conditions mark the beginning of the game: introduce alternative active methods for meaningful learning, encourage critical reflection on architecture in the post-pandemic context, and enhance virtual environments for remote learning that were used in confinement.

¿Cuáles son las nuevas reglas del juego que nos deja como aprendizaje la pandemia para crear hábitats sanos con espacios sensibles y participativos? ¿Cuál es el rol de la arquitectura en este escenario pospandemia? ¿Cuáles son los retos para redirigir el aprendizaje en las escuelas de arquitectura? El Taller de Diseño Arquitectónico y Urbano III de la Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Artes (FADA) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE) entra en el debate y aporta algunas ideas para la discusión a través de dos experiencias de gamificación como método didáctico planteando retos de diseño del espacio doméstico en este contexto. Tres condiciones marcan el inicio de la partida: introducir métodos activos alternativos para un aprendizaje significativo, fomentar una reflexión crítica de la arquitectura en el contexto pospandemia, y potenciar los entornos virtuales para el aprendizaje remoto que se usaron en el confinamiento.
Urbanismo táctico como herramienta docente para transitar hacia una ciudad cuidadora
Authors: Telleria-Andueza Koldo , Otamendi-Irizar Irati
Published: December 2021

Moving towards a caring city requires transforming the starting point in urban design. To introduce this concept in teaching in public space and urban facilities, we work on a case study with a methodology based on Participatory Action Research, developing an action of tactical urbanism. In this action, both students and citizens reflect and generate knowledge so that the future is directed towards a city based on care. Moreover, designing, building and living a transformation of urban space and the relationship that this path offers to all the agents involved, gives rise to possibility of changing the hierarchies of use of public space in our cities. Thus, these reflections and collective creative processes present opportunities for dialogue and negotiation of power in the use of urban space, which must prioritize reproductive uses over current productive ones.

Transitar hacia una ciudad cuidadora requiere transformar el punto de partida en el diseño urbano. Para introducir este concepto en la docencia sobre espacio público y equipamientos urbanos se trabaja, partiendo de una metodología basada en la Investigación Acción Participativa, en un caso de estudio, desarrollando una acción de urbanismo táctico. En esta acción, tanto el estudiantado como la ciudadanía reflexiona y genera conocimiento para que el futuro se encamine hacia una ciudad basada en los cuidados. Además, el diseñar, construir y vivir una trasformación del espacio urbano y la relación que este camino ofrece a todos los agentes implicados, da pie a poder cambiar las jerarquías de uso del espacio público de nuestras ciudades. Así, estas reflexiones y procesos creativos colectivos ofrecen oportunidades para el diálogo y la negociación del poder en el uso del espacio urbano, que debe priorizar los usos reproductivos sobre los productivos actuales.
Acciones
Authors: Gamarra Sampén Agustin , Perleche Amaya José Luis
Published: December 2021

The pedagogical program of the first architecture workshop arises from an interdisciplinary approach focused on the "3c's" of educational innovation: creativity, curiosity and critical thinking. Where the main objective is to develop the initial skills and knowledge of the students through the exchange of theoretical and critical experiences that manage to empower them, generate a more organic assimilation of the contents, and whose autonomous work decants into direct manipulations on the matter. Uniting, digging, folding, tying, moving, shaping, walking, warping, are almost primitive actions used as projection resources that are juxtaposed with references from art, architecture and crafts, both contemporary and cultural acestral. Where mud-stone, cotton-wool, metal-wood, glass-plastic would complete the action-matter binomial, resulting in projects with stimulating abstract design processes and construction systems with real materials in scale models.

El programa pedagógico del primer taller de arquitectura se plantea desde la interdisciplinaridad centrada en las “3c” de la innovación educativa: creatividad, curiosidad y pensamiento crítico. Donde el objeto principal es desarrollar las competencias y saberes iniciales de los estudiantes a través del intercambio de experiencias teóricas y críticas que logren empoderarlos, generen una asimilación más orgánica de los contenidos, y cuyo trabajo autónomo decante en manipulaciones directas sobre la materia. Unir, cavar, plegar, amarrar, desplazar, moldear, andar, urdir, son acciones casi primitivas utilizadas como recursos de proyectacción que se yuxtaponen con referencias del arte, la arquitectura y oficios, tanto contemporáneos como de culturales acestrales. Donde barro-piedra, algodón-lana, metal-madera, vidrio-plástico completarían el binomio acción-materia, dando como resultado unos proyectos con estimulantes procesos proyectuales abstractos y sistemas constructivos con materiales reales en modelos a escala.
Dibujar a través de una pantalla: la enseñanza de la arquitectura en un mundo digital
Authors: Alonso Rodríguez Marta , Álvarez Arce Raquel
Published: December 2021

The architect’s profession has been acquiring very varied nuances over the years. Along with traditional education, which is still necessary, the future architects have been asked to develop skills related to the digital world, which are always changing. Through our subject, we intend to provide students with the necessary tools for them to begin to develop in this new environment, making them lose their fear of the new tools. Through a guided teaching of the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology, we provide the students with the necessary skills that will make them able to carry on their own. In this article we will address the teaching system used, establishing the advantages and deficiencies that it entails in order to propose improvements. Also, we will carry out an analysis of the results obtained throughout the course during these years.

La profesión de arquitecto ha ido adquiriendo con el tiempo matices muy variados. Junto con la formación tradicional, que sigue siendo necesaria, se ha comenzado a demandar en los futuros arquitectos de unos  conocimientos, sobre todo referidos al mundo digital, muy cambiantes. A través de nuestra asignatura, pretendemos dotar a los alumnos de los medios necesarios para poder comenzar a desenvolverse en estos medios, haciéndoles perder el miedo a lo nuevo a través de una docencia guiada que les dota de las pautas necesarias para continuar por sí mismos, iniciándoles en la metodología BIM (Building Information Modelling). En este artículo abordaremos el sistema de enseñanza empleado para ello, estableciendo las ventajas y deficiencias que conlleva con el fin de proponer mejoras y realizaremos un análisis de los resultados obtenidos a lo largo de estos años.
Hyper-connected hybrid educational models for distributed learning through prototyping
Authors: Chamorro Martin Eduardo , Chadha Kunaljit
Published: December 2021

The emergence of virtual classrooms has deeply impacted and transformed the educational methodologies and protocols, in particular since the dawn of the COVID19 pandemic. This sudden change from on-campus to virtual learning spaces has also presented a unique opportunity to teach locally and reach globally. The following paper aims to present a pilot educational framework stimulating distributed learning through prototyping using remotely controlled mechanical systems, not only as a transitory state of educational programs moving to online programs due to the current pandemic but as a viable alternative. 

La aparición de las aulas virtuales ha impactado profundamente y ha transformado las metodologías y protocolos educativos, siendo esta transformación acelerada debido a la pandemia de COVID19. Este cambio repentino de espacios de aprendizaje en el campus a virtuales también ha presentado una oportunidad única para enseñar a nivel local y llegar a nivel mundial. El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un marco educativo piloto que estimula el aprendizaje distribuido a través de la creación de prototipos utilizando sistemas mecánicos controlados a distancia, no sólo como un estado transitorio de los programas educativos que se trasladan a los programas en línea debido a la pandemia actual, sino como una alternativa viable.
Los proyectos colaborativos como estrategia docente
Authors: Vodanovic Undurraga Drago , Fonseca Alvarado Maritza Carolina , Noguera Errázuriz Cristobal , Bustamante Bustamante Teresita Paz
Published: December 2021

Service-based learning, project-based and collaborative learning today are integrated into the collaborative-project development experience carried out by the architecture career at the San Sebastian University. Today, the Relation with the Environment institutional policy guidelines are materialized in a series of collaborative-projects developments experiences initiated in the practice studio, which have triggered funds achievements for innovation and the creation of the Territorial Milestone Program Más Parques. This constitutes the frame under which the university and the architecture carrer manage and develop collaborative-projects learning experiences through co-construction and bi-directionality strategies, with the belief of promoting a more complex education and the firm interest in contributing to the life quality improvement and the sustainable development of the Los Lagos Region in Chile.

El aprendizaje basado en servicio, en proyectos y el aprendizaje colaborativo se integran en la experiencia de desarrollo de proyectos colaborativos llevado adelante por la carrera de arquitectura de la Universidad San Sebastian. Los lineamientos de la política institucional de vinculación con el medio actualmente se ven materializados en una serie de experiencias de desarrollo de proyectos colaborativos iniciados en el taller de práctica y que han desencadenado la consecución de fondos para la innovación y la creación del Programa Territorial Hito Más Parques. Este constituye el paraguas bajo el cual la universidad y la carrera de arquitectura gestionan y desarrollan experiencias de aprendizaje a través de proyectos mediante estrategias de co-construcción y bi-direccionalidad, con la convicción de propiciar una formación más compleja y el firme interés de aportar al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida y desarrollo sustentable de la Región de Los Lagos en Chile.
Punto de encuentro interdisciplinar: el Museo Universitario de la Universidad de Navarra
Authors: Tabera Roldán Andrés , Velasco Pérez Álvaro , Alonso Pedrero Fernando
Published: December 2021

The Museum of the University of Navarra (MUN) is a centre dedicated to the dissemination of contemporary art through exhibitions, events, programmes, multidisciplinary research and education. Furthermore, as a university museum, its three primary foundations are creation, research and the dissemination of contemporary art and culture. Currently, the MUN has, among its challenges, the need of enabling the university students to get to know its collection. The project presented in this paper was born with an interdisciplinary spirit shared by the MUN and the Design degree of the School of Architecture —the latter recently awarded first prize in the ‘Interdisciplinary Education Models’ category of the ‘New Bauhaus Prizes’. It proposes strengthening the relationship between the MUN and the students revealing a hybrid pedagogy by means of two projects —distinct though complementary— carried out by Second year students during Term 2 of the 2020-21 academic year. 

El Museo de la Universidad de Navarra (MUN) es un centro dedicado a la difusión del arte contemporáneo a través de exposiciones, eventos, programas, investigación multidisciplinar y enseñanza. Además, como museo universitario, sus tres pilares fundamentales son la creación, la investigación y la diseminación del arte y la cultura contemporánea. Actualmente, el MUN tiene entre uno de sus retos el de dar a conocer su legado a los estudiantes universitarios. El proyecto aquí planteado nace del espíritu interdisciplinar compartido entre el MUN y el Grado en Diseño de la Escuela de Arquitectura -recientemente reconocido este último con el primer premio en la categoría “Interdisciplinary Education Models” en “New European Bauhaus Prizes”. Se propone profundizar (y mejorar) la relación entre el MUN y los estudiantes del campus desvelando una experiencia docente híbrida a través de dos proyectos diferentes pero complementarios, realizados en el segundo semestre del curso 20-21 por estudiantes de 2º curso.
Analytic Theology and its Method
Authors: Ahsan Abbas ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: December 2021

I shall present an analysis of analytic theology as primarily characterised by Michael Rea (2011). I shall establish that if analytic theology is essentially characterised with the ambitions outlined by Rea, then it corresponds to a theological realist view. Such a theological realist view would subsequently result in an onto-theology. To demonstrate this, I shall examine how an onto-theological approach to a God of the Abrahamic Faiths (namely, a transcendent God) would prove to be (theologically) incompatible and even hostile. In essence, my argument shall demonstrate that providing analytic theology is essentially characterised with the ambitions Rea alludes to, it is discordant with a transcendent God of the Abrahamic Faiths.
The Giant and the Underdog
Authors: Danilović Aleksandar ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: December 2021

The story of David and Goliath is one of the most famous biblical stories. It had an impact on many branches of contemporary art. It is also an inevitable part of religious education and general education in all schools. Knowing the fact that the Church Fathers have an essential part in the lives of many Christians today (in the Orthodox Church, they were role models from the very beginning), it is interesting to see how did they, these original theologians, read and interpret the story of David and Goliath. Was it for them, in the time when the Bible was the most sacred book for all, important as it is for us today? Did people during the sports events of that time talk on the markets about the underdog who struck the giant? Additionally, if one looks at the ancient Greek and Hebrew text, one will find out that the Hebrew version, which was used as the source for most modern translations, is 40% longer than the Greek one. Could the works of the Fathers help us to determine which version of the story is the Holy Scripture for Christians today?
Impact of genetic polymorphisms at the promoter area of IL-10 gene on tacrolimus level in Jordanian renal transplantation recipients
Authors: Khaleel Bara'ah , Yousef Al-Motassem , Al-Zoubi Mazhar , Al-Ulemat Muhammad , Masadeh Ahmad , Abuhaliema Ali , Al-Batayneh Khalid , Al-Trad Bahaa
Published: December 2021

Background: Tacrolimus is a widely used immunosuppressant that prevents solid organ transplant rejection. The pharmacokinetics of Tacrolimus show considerable varia - bility. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), in the host's immune response after transplantation, contributes to the variable CYP3Adependent drug disposition of Tacrolimus. In the current study, we aim to evaluate the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of IL-10 on Tacrolimus dose requirements and the Dose Adjusted Concentration (DAC) of Tacrolimus among kidney transplantation recipients. Methods: Blood levels of Tacrolimus were measured using Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) for six months post-transplantation. Genotyping analysis was utilized using specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing methods for 98 Jordanian kidney transplant recipients. Results: Genotyping frequencies of IL-10 (-592) were (CC/CA/AA: 38, 46.7, 15.2%); IL-10 (-819) were (CC/CT/TT: 40.4, 44.1, 15.1%); and IL-10 (-1082) were (AA/AG/GG: 42.6, 44.7, 12.8%). The impact of IL-10 (-1082) on Tacrolimus DAC was gender dependent. Men carrying at least one A allele had significantly lower DAC than men carrying GG genotyping only in the first month post-transplantation 88.2±32.1 vs. 117.5±22.5 ng/mL per mg/kg/day, p=0.04 . Conclusions: Our current study showed that the interaction between gender and IL-10 -1082 affects Tacrolimus DAC in Jordanian kidney transplant recipients during the first month post-transplantation.
Electrical properties of mung beans (Vigna Radiata L.)
Authors: Novák Ján , Ardonová Veronika , Hlaváčová Zuzana
Published: December 2021

This paper contains the results of measuring the electrical properties of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) set. The conductivity and relative permittivity are the main parameters of dielectric material electrical properties. The electrical properties of mung beans samples had not been sufficiently measured, and the aim of this work was to perform the measurements of these properties. Measurements were performed under variable moisture content and the frequency of electric field from 0.1 kHz till 200 kHz for conductivity and in the range from 1 MHz to 16 MHz for relative permittivity, using RLC meter and Q meter, respectively. It was concluded that relative permittivity and conductivity increased with the increase of moisture content; resistivity, impedance, loss tangent, and relative permittivity decreased as the frequency of the electric field increased.
Parametric and semi-parametric bootstrap-based confidence intervals for robust linear mixed models
Authors: Mason Fabio , Cantoni Eva , Ghisletta Paolo
Published: December 2021

The linear mixed model (LMM) is a popular statistical model for the analysis of longitudinal data. However, the robust estimation of and inferential conclusions for the LMM in the presence of outliers (i.e., observations with very low probability of occurrence under Normality) is not part of mainstream longitudinal data analysis. In this work, we compared the coverage rates of confidence intervals (CIs) based on two bootstrap methods, applied to three robust estimation methods. We carried out a simulation experiment to compare CIs under three different conditions: data 1) without contamination, 2) contaminated by within-, or 3) between-participant outliers. Results showed that the semi-parametric bootstrap associated to the composite tau-estimator leads to valid inferential decisions with both uncontaminated and contaminated data. This being the most comprehensive study of CIs applied to robust estimators of the LMM, we provide fully commented R code for all methods applied to a popular example.
Ethics and emerging technologies – facial recognition
Authors: Chochia Archil , Nässi Teele
Published: December 2021

Emerging technologies and digitalization have an increasing impact on our everyday lives. New technology solutions offer a variety of opportunities to our society, yet the ethical implications of this process have long been discussed by scholars in order to fully understand what the potential ethical risks are. One of such technologies is facial recognition. This article intends to contribute to the above indicated scholarly discussion by analyzing recent developments in the field, focusing on facial recognition.
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine-mediated active demethylation is required for mammalian neuronal differentiation and function
Authors: Stoyanova Elitsa , Riad Michael , Rao Anjana , Heintz Nathaniel
Published: December 2021

Although high levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) accumulate in mammalian neurons, our knowledge of its roles in terminal differentiation or as an intermediate in active DNA demethylation is incomplete. We report high-resolution mapping of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, chromatin accessibility, and histone marks in developing postmitotic Purkinje cells (PCs) in Mus musculus. Our data reveal new relationships between PC transcriptional and epigenetic programs, and identify a class of genes that lose both 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5hmC during terminal differentiation. Deletion of the 5hmC writers Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3 from postmitotic PCs prevents loss of 5mC and 5hmC in regulatory domains and gene bodies, and hinders transcriptional and epigenetic developmental transitions. Our data demonstrate that Tet-mediated active DNA demethylation occurs in vivo, and that acquisition of the precise molecular properties of adult PCs require continued oxidation of 5mC to 5hmC during the final phases of differentiation.
Talemål, identitet og tilhørighet
Authors: Bugge Edit
Published: December 2021

Artikkelen løfter fram to eksempel fra norsk lovgivning og rettspraksis, der vurderinger av talemål og muntlig språkkompetanse nå danner juridisk grunnlag for innvandreres rett til asyl, opphold og statsborgerskapi Norge: Språkanalyse ved søknad om beskyttelse, som brukes for å vurdere hvor asylsøkere til Norge kommer fra, og språkkrav for permanent opphold og statsborgerskap, der innvandrere som bor fast i Norge, må dokumentere muntlig språkkompetanse på et bestemt nivå for å oppnå ei rekke juridiske og demokratiske rettigheter. Artikkelen gir en oversikt over den språkvitenskapelige kritikken som er kommet mot disse to eksempla, og viser hvordan de er blitt kritisert for å gjenspeile beslutningstakeres og forvaltningsapparats utdaterte forestillinger om forhold mellom språk og steds- og nasjonstilhørighet.
Boundary crossing and learning identities – digital storytelling in primary schools
Authors: Bjørgen Anne Mette
Published: December 2021

This article contributes to academic discussions on how digital storytelling in an educational setting may have potential to build and develop learning identities, agency and digital competences. With a socio-cultural framework on learning and identity as a point of departure, the article sets out to study these issues approached as boundary crossing between the intersecting contexts of leisure time and school. The analysis draws on three examples of digital storytelling among 5th - 7th graders in three Norwegian primary school classes. My findings suggest that digital storytelling might represent a boundary crossing enabling pupils to adopt new roles as producers of creative content, as mentors or guides, to explore new technology and software in a context different from that of outside school and to learn and develop competences related to production processes and multimodal resources. I argue that digital storytelling has a potential to contribute to learning, learning identity and agency, provided it is based on a more fully developed pedagogical strategy of carefully linking school and leisure time.
Smart Morning in an African Village: Diversifying Technologies within a Tanzanian Context
Authors: Vesisenaho Mikko , Sutinen Erkki
Published: December 2021

Information technology (IT) can make a difference in a developing country only if it is designed in close collaboration with its users. The experiences from an ethnocomputing-based IT education initiative at Tumaini University, located in the rural area of Southern Tanzania, indicates promising opportunities for engaging children and students as creative co-designers and users for diversifying, novel information technologies. The local context with its needs was taken into account when using robotics (I-Blocks) and culture-based learning materials and implementing students’ village outreach projects in local schools and hospitals. The CATI model suggests the steps Contextualize, Apply, Transfer, and Import for sustainable, inductive IT design. Together with the concept of ethnocomputing, the CATI model proved useful for building and starting a new needs-based, contextualized IT undergraduate program at Tumaini University in Tanzania in 2007.
ICT - an ally and an alien The role of ICT in Swedish popular adult education organisations
Authors: Jedeskog Gunilla , Landström Inger
Published: December 2021

This article is focused on Swedish folk high schools and study associations as organisational settings (and not explicitly at teaching efforts and educational activities). It concerns results from a research project about introducing and implementing information and communication technology (ICT) in these value based organisations. Our research has mainly been conducted through interviews with people engaged on different organisational levels. In this article empirical results are analysed in relation to actor-network theory (ANT). Human and non-human actors are linked together in a web of relationships referred to as an actor-network. Interaction among actors, contradictory roles of ICT and relations to essential values in these organisations are discussed.
Life Long Education: A Conceptual Debate
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Javed
Published: December 2021

This paper deals with the nature of a concept of lifelong education. Lifelong education can be provided through informal, formal and non-formal education processes. Hence, lifelong education can be defined as a process of both deliberate and unintentional opportunities influencing learning throughout one’s life span. Dimensions of lifelong education have also been detailed along with its goals. Pre-requisites of lifelong education, concept of integration, flexibility and diversity and lifelong education as a master concept are also given due consideration.
Survival of the -net-est?
Authors: Dale Kristin
Published: December 2021

More feedback to students is demanded to improve educational quality. In large courses individual feedback is often very time-demanding for the teacher. If teacher hours are only marginally increased to cover increased student feedback, teachers should look for electronic tools for assistance with student feedback that will reduce teacher work hours, at least in the long run. This paper reports my experiences with electronic multiple – choice tests in mid-term feed-back to students in large courses in undergraduate studies. It reports a lot of the decisions that the teacher has to make when creating a multiple-choice test for a course such as the choice between a paper or electronic test, number and type of questions, number of answer options, scores for right and wrong answers and manual or electronic scoring. The paper also addresses the communication with students before and after the test, the need for administrative support and finally discusses the costs and benefits with respect to teacher hours. These experiences may be useful to teachers who consider using electronic test-tools.
Dealing with pupils digital everyday life
Authors: Dons. Carl F.
Published: December 2021

The main aim of this article is to answer the following research question: How can we prepare student teachers to deal with pupils who have a wide range of day-to-day experiences of the digital world? This question arises out of the understanding that today's student-teacher training is inadequately equipped to realize the potential for learning found in the way that digital technology is now an integral part of the social and cultural practices of children and young people. Based on theory and practice from research and development activities in primary and lower secondary school, the article points out some perspectives connected to the technology culture of children and young people that may have importance for the professional training of student teachers. The article concludes by summarizing some findings from a research project in general teacher education, where it is argued that student teachers can be qualified to cope with the way children and young people use technology by teaching them to adopt solutions based on personal publishing. In many ways the article deals with classical issues in the education field; how the relations between cognition, learning, technology and fellow-citizenship raise practical issues connected to teaching and learning (Dewey, 1915; 1938; 1958).
Researchers Compared Hospital Early Warning Scores for Clinical Deterioration—Here’s What They Learned
Authors: Perlis Roy , Abbasi Jennifer
Published: January 2025

This Medical News article is an interview with Dana P. Edelson, MD, MS, an expert in cardiac resuscitation at the University of Chicago and cofounder and chief medical officer of AgileMD, the company that makes the AI-driven early warning score software eCART.
Advanced Child Tax Credit Monthly Payments and Substance Use Among US Parents
Authors: Donahoe J. Travis , Brown-Podgorski Brittany L. , Gaire Sabin , Krans Elizabeth E. , Jarlenski Marian
Published: January 2025

Importance

2021 Advance child tax credit (ACTC) monthly payments were associated with reduced US child poverty rates; however, policymakers have expressed concerns that permanent adoption would increase parental substance use.

Objective

To assess whether 2021 ACTC monthly payments were temporally associated with changes in substance use among parents compared with adults without children.

Design, Setting, and Participants

The primary sample included adults aged 18 to 64 years who responded to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health in 2021. Difference-in-differences models were used to test whether substance use changed for parents compared with adults without children after ACTC monthly payments went into effect. Additional National Survey on Drug Use and Health data from 2018 to 2020 were used to assess pretrends in substance use for parents and adults without children. Analyses were survey weighted and conducted from September 2023 to November 2024. The treatment group was defined as adults with dependent children in the home who would have been eligible for the tax credit from July to December 2021. Adults without children, who would not have been eligible for the tax credit, comprised the comparison group.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcomes included binary measures of any self-reported use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and illicit substances (eg, cocaine, opioids, or other stimulants or sedatives) during the previous 30 days; counts of the number of days of use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and illicit substances during the previous 30 days among people who used these substances; and counts of the number of cigarettes and alcoholic beverages consumed during the previous 30 days among people who used these substances.

Results

Of 41 853 adults, 17 308 were parents and 24 545 were adults without children. ACTC monthly payment implementation was associated with a −4.3–percentage point (95% CI, −6.6 to −2.0) decline in the probability of using tobacco during the previous 30 days for parents compared with adults without children. Among parents who smoked, payments were associated with a −46.8–percentage point (95% CI, −93.1 to −0.5) decline in the number of cigarettes smoked during the previous 30 days. Estimated changes in the probability, frequency, and quantity of other substance use (alcohol, cannabis, and illicit substances) for parents were null and not significant.

Conclusions

The study results suggest that 2021 ACTC monthly payments were not associated with increased parental substance use.
Expedited Approval of Urgently Needed Drugs in China
Authors: Wei Yuxuan , Zhang Yichen , Li Huangqianyu , Shi Luwen , Guan Xiaodong
Published: January 2025

This cross-sectional study evaluates the approval status and timeline and therapeutic value of urgently needed overseas drugs in China.
Digital Health Technology Research Funded by the National Institutes of Health
Authors: Cure Pablo , Radman Thomas , Doyle Jamie Mihoko , Atienza Audie A. , Fessel Joshua P. , Hartshorn Christopher M.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Digital health in biomedical research and its expanding list of potential clinical applications are rapidly evolving. A combination of new digital health technologies (DHTs), novel uses of existing DHTs through artificial intelligence– and machine learning–based algorithms, and improved integration and analysis of data from multiple sources has enabled broader use and delivery of these tools for research and health care purposes. The aim of this study was to assess the growth and overall trajectory of DHT funding through a National Institutes of Health (NIH)–wide grant portfolio analysis.

Observations

This study used 21 preselected DHT search terms to identify the funding allocations in DHT research across a 9-year period between fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2023. A subset of grants were manually curated to confirm the search terms’ accuracy and ascertain the stage of development, focus, and types of tools or approaches. To understand the translation of DHTs from biomedical research to clinical application, common measures, such as digital health publications and clinical trials were included. The DHT portfolio represented 2.8% (US $7 628 967 500) of the overall NIH grants funded from 2015 to 2023. DHT research funding increased during this period from $348 725 600 to $1 533 281 000. DHT research publications and clinical trials using the same search terms increased from 3714 to 14 786 and from 89 to 240, respectively. More DHT research funding was used for research and development purposes (59.3%) than for clinical or regulatory purposes (41.0%) based on manual, second-level data curation.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study found that investments in DHT research at the NIH has increased over the past 9 years and that this increase has been steady since 2015, including during and even after the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased use of DHTs is expected to continue as these technologies become a more integral part of the biomedical research ecosystem.