bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat dalam Penetapan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu: Studi Yayasan Tanah Merdeka dalam Memperjuangkan Hak Masyarakat Katu
Authors: Bustam Mohamad
Published: July 2021

Lembaga swadaya masyarakat ini berupaya memperjuangkan hak komunitas lokal dalam isu kebijakan penetapan kawasan taman nasional. Tujuan penulisan ini mengidentifikasi peran dan strategi Yayasan Tanah Merdeka (YTM) dalam memperjuangkan hak komunitas Orang Katu atas penetapan Kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Sulawesi Tengah. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Studi mengungkapkan YTM memainkan peran strategis dalam menciptakan hegemoni tandingan atas kebijakan penetapan kawasan Taman nasional Lore Lindu di wilayah komunitas Orang Katu. Hal ini dilakukan dengan membentuk kesadaran kolektif, melibatkan komunitas dalam gerakan akar rumput, mengembangkan strategi perjuangan melalui penyusunan dokumen pengelolaan sumber daya alam berbasis pengetahuan lokal serta, penggunaan terminologi masyarakat adat sebagai instrumen perjuangan yang dihubungkan dengan wacana hak global sehingga menjadi kekuatan yang konstitutif dalam arena politik pengelolaan sumber daya alam pada tingkat lokal. 

Kata kunci: Lembaga swadaya masyarakat, gerakan masyarakat adat, kebijakan taman nasional

 

This non-governmental organization seeks to fight for the rights of local communities in the policy issue of setting the national park area. This paper aims to identify the role of Yayasan Tanah Merdeka (YTM) in the struggling rights of the Orang Katu community for the establishment of the Lore Lindu National Park Area. Data is collected using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The study revealed that YTM played a strategic role in creating counter-hegemony over the policy of establishing Lore Lindu National Park in the Katu community area. Conducted by establishing collective awareness, involving communities in grassroots movements, the strategy is developed through the preparation of documents on the management of natural resources based on local knowledge as well as, the use of indigenous terminology that is connected with global rights discourse to become a constitutive force in the political arena of natural resource management at the local level.

Keywords: non-government organization, indigenous movement, national park policy
Who’s Watching the Watchdog?: Are the Names of Corporations Mandated to Disclose under the California Transparency in Supply Chain Act Subject to a Public Records Request?
Authors: Greer Benjamin
Published: July 2021

Trafficking is a highly dynamic and fluid criminal phenomenon. Determined traffickers react remarkably well to consumer demand and under-regulated economic sectors and easily adapt to legislative weaknesses. Corporate globalization of manufacturing and storefronts is contributing to human trafficking; aiding in forced labor in becoming the fastest growing and the third most widespread criminal enterprise in the world. As technology advances, allowing greater and easier access to goods from more remote countries, vulnerable populations become easier targets for traffickers to exploit. Understanding U.S. markets are key destinations for goods, enlightened states are looking to bolster their anti-trafficking criminal codes by requiring businesses to better clarify their efforts to discourage human trafficking/forced labor within their supply chains. The California State Legislature has begun an aggressive approach aimed at fostering greater public awareness of slave labor by requiring certain businesses to clearly articulate their anti-trafficking/anti-forced labor policies. California was the first government – local, state or federal - to codify mandatory policy disclosures. The California Transparency in Supply Chains Act of 2010 requires businesses domiciled in California and earning more that $100 million to conspicuously disclose on their publically accessed webpage, what policies, if any, they have implemented to detect and fight slave labor. The legislature intended to equip the common consumer with the needed information to effectively hold businesses accountable for human rights abuses. In order for the public to properly hold businesses accountable for their labor practices, it is essential the names of business subject to the disclosure be made public. The California Public Records Act should be a tool for concerned consumers and advocates to obtain the statutory list of affected companies.
Institution of public welfare: investments within historic settlements and the life cycle of the urban environment
Authors: Bakhareva Olga V. , Azhimova Liliya I. , Celani Alberto , Bolshakov Nicolai S.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The transformation of the economic space of the regions based on digitalization and the use of intelligent technologies in the housing sector gives rise to aesthetic technical problems. When implementing spontaneous investment projects to improve the energy efficiency of the old housing stock of cities, including historical and cultural monuments, as well as buildings that form historical buildings, technical and aesthetic consequences arise. The aim of the article is to study the implemented investment projects to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings on the adjacent territory of the border of the historical settlement of regional significance in the city of Kazan. Materials and methods. Full-scale inspection, photographic recording of the results of implemented investment projects to improve the energy efficiency of multi-apartment residential buildings of the housing stock on the adjacent territory of the border of the historical settlement of the city of Kazan. Results. As a result, a classification was drawn up of the types of interventions of the operating company, which significantly change the historical facades, change the single architectural and historical appearance of the street ensemble and generate negative externalities. Taking into account the prospects for growth in demand in the market for improving the energy efficiency of buildings of old housing stock, in order to maximize public welfare, it is proposed to consider the mechanism of state intervention to protect the architectural and historical environment of the city as a patronized good on the basis of state policy to create favorable conditions for the introduction of innovations in the housing sector in the form of institute of public guardianship. Conclusions. The institute of public guardianship will allow to preserve the artistic architectural ensembles of the city throughout the life cycle, to fight against parasitic architecture, to obtain an economic effect: to ensure low energy consumption in residential buildings of the old housing stock of cities, an increase in the value of real estate and the profitability of investment projects for the restoration, reconstruction and reconstruction of buildings in the historical part cities.
A Study on the Status and Development Plan of the Korean Medical Public Health Program
Authors: Cha Jong-yeol , Kim Won-ill
Published: July 2021

Objectives: We conducted research on 100 cases of Korean medical health promotion programs to determine how they work. The objective was to report trends in such programs and, by extension, to suggest a development plan for the Korean medical public health program.Methods: To research 100 Korean medical health promotion programs, we analyzed source data published by the Korea Health Promotion Institute in 2014-2018 using 10 criteria.Results & conclusions: Based on effective trends, the development of a Korean medical public health program requires the following options. First, we should complement the systems with related legislation and deal with Korean medical doctors who mainly participate in public health programs. Second, we should improve the infrastructure of the program with internal support from the Korean medical association and clarifying the legal basis of the national budget. Third, we should seek substantiality of public health programs. Korean medical doctors should actively participate in the program, and related agencies should support the public health care center for the development of Korean medical public health programs in which many people can participate.
Electro-Acupuncture on Aphasia after Stroke: A Systemic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ha Jeong-been , Lee Su-jung , Yang Ji-soo , Lew Jae-hwan
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study investigates the effect of electro-acupuncture on aphasia after stroke.Methods: A search of OASIS, NDSL, PubMed, Cochrane, and CNKI was executed between 4 January 2021 and 4 February 2021, with no limitation on publication year. Extraction and selection from the studies were made by 3 authors. The quality of the studies was evaluated using Cochrane’s risk of bias (RoB) tool.Results: 10 studies met the selection criteria. As the treatment site for electro-acupuncture, GV20 (Baihui) was used the most. In all studies, the region located on the head was used for treatment without distinguishing between acupoints and areas of scalp acupuncture, and the stimulation was organized into 3 conditions: speed, intensity, and time. The outcome indicators used before and after treatment focused on the evaluation of language function and the degree of aphasia. The results showed that using electro-acupuncture with speech rehabilitation therapy for aphasia after stroke was more effective than using speech rehabilitation therapy alone.Conclusions: In this review, electro-acupuncture for aphasia after stroke was found to have a significant effect compared to the previous treatment alone. However, because of limitations, information was not reliable enough. Additional research is needed to produce more objective evidence.
A Study of the Effectiveness of Hwanggeum-tang and Gamchosasim-tang in the Mice Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kim Young-kwang , Moon Young-ho
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study investigates the mechanism of Hwanggeum-tang (HGT) and Gamchosasim-tang (GST) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods: The mice (C57BL/6N) were treated with distilled water and 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to experimentally induce ulcerative colitis. The mice were divided into 7 groups of (6 mice: normal, negative control, positive control (with sulfasalazine), 4 experimental groups (with HGT and GST, respectively). RAW 264.7 cells were used for cell experiments. The experiment was conducted in two ways: in vitro and in vivo.Results: In the experimental group (HGT, GST) of in vitro experiments, NO production decreased, and significant changes in gene expression and protein activation were observed.
The length of the colon recovered in the experimental groups (HGT, GST) of the in vivo experiment was longer than that of the negative control group, and the mucosal barrier was recovered. Sone significant changes in the amount of mRNA expression were partially observed, and significant changes in protein activation also were confirmed.Conclusions: HGT and GST are effective in treating IBD caused by DSS. In the same herbal preparation group, the higher the concentration, the better the experimental effect, and when the same concentration was tested, HGT was more effective than GST. Herbal medicine has a higher antioxidant effect than sulfasalazine, so it is also excellent for cell protection.
A Case Report of Dysphagia of Achalasia Patient Treated with Korean Medicine, Including Bunsimgieum-gami and Electroacupuncture
Authors: Cho Im-hak , Lee Chan , Kang Hee-kyung , Heo Gi-yoon , Kim Min-hwa , Kwon Jung-nam , Park Seong-ha , Yun Young-ju , Lee In , Choi Jun-yong , Han Chang-woo , Hong Jin-woo , Kim So-yeon
Published: July 2021

This study presents the case of a 73-year-old Korean male with dysphagia caused by achalasia and aimed to assess the effectiveness of Korean medical treatment. The outpatient was treated with acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and herbal medicine (Bunsimgieum-gami, Gyejigayonggolmolyeo-tang, Bangpungtongsung-san) for about 6 months. We evaluated the patient’s symptoms whenever he visited the clinic. The patient improved significantly after Korean medical treatment. In particular, dysphagia disappeared after herbal medicine treatment.
This case report suggests that Korean medical treatment could be effective in treating achalasia. Further studies are needed.
Treatment of Biliary Dyskinesia and Gallbladder Sludge with Korean Medicine: Case Report
Authors: An Soyeon , Hur Soyoung , Kim Eujin , Hwang Cho-Hyun , Jang Eungyeong , Lee Jang-Hoon , Kim Youngchul
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study aims to determine whether Korean medicine improves epigastric symptoms of biliary dyskinesia without unfavorable side effects.Methods: A 37-year-old woman who had chronic dyspepsia with intermittent back pain had gallstone-like sludge identified on ultrasound scan. We administered Saenggan-tang and used ultrasound examination to observe the changes in symptoms such as dyspepsia, the occurrence of back pain, and gallbladder contraction.Results: After 2 months of taking Saenggan-tang, symptoms such as dyspepsia, abdominal pain, headache, and back pain improved. In addition, biliary motility improvement was evaluated by ultrasonography. Moreover, there was no occurrence of any side effects.Conclusion: This study suggests that Korean medicine might be effective for managing biliary dyskinesia.
Unani Concept of Anaemia in Pregnancy (Hamla me Khoon ki Kami): An Overview
Authors: Zaidi S.M. Arif , Khatoon Khudeja
Published: July 2021

Anaemia is a most common disorder of Indian women especially during the age of reproduction. Anaemia in pregnancy is a condition with effects that may deleterious to mothers and foetus. Indeed, it is a known risk factor for maternal and leads to foetal complications. However, women are much better aware now about their pregnancy related conditions than they were years ago. This is not just a feminist fad but common sense for the woman who knows what is likely to happen and will be better prepared for actions in pregnancy. The WHO considers iron deficiency to the largest International nutritional disorder. According to WHO anaemia in pregnancy is present when the concentration of haemoglobin in the peripheral blood is 11gms/100ml or less. As per American college of obstetrician and gynaecologist 60-100mgs of elemental iron per day prevents iron deficiency in a pregnant woman. In Unani system of medicine number of drugs and diets are available which have preventive and therapeutic role.  Unani physicians paid special attention to child and mother care in general as well as in pregnancy. Natural medicines are economical, easily available and relatively free of side effects. So, the present topic highlights the use of Unani medicines providing iron supplements in the treatment of early and late pregnancy.

Keywords: Anaemia, Pregnancy, Foetal complications, Unani medicine
A Review on Deprescribing in Elderly
Authors: Babu Christy , George Lincy , Krishnakumar K.
Published: July 2021

Deprescribing can be defined as the process of stopping a medication or reducing its dose to reduce adverse effects and improve health outcomes. Elderly people with co morbidities usually have a risk of adverse drug events and these events can only be treated by medicines. Despite the benefits offered by these medicines, older patients are at a high risk of harm caused by these medications. The use of multiple medications for treating the comorbidities may also leads to severe health problems. Deprescribing help to reduce the risk related to inappropriate medicines. Deprescribing is usually a patient centered process which helps to withdraw drugs which are harmful to be prescribed to older patients. Several explicit and implicit tools have been developed internationally to identify these inappropriate medications. Deprescribing of inappropriate medicines would help to reduces drug-related harm and improves the quality of life of older adults.

Keywords: Deprescribing, polypharmacy, older adults
Formulation and Evaluation of Oral dispersible Tablet of Paroxetine Hydrochloride
Authors: Shah Ria , Patel Disha , Kothari Dhruvanshi , Shah Hetvi , Chavda Aishwarya , Patel Manan , Trivedi Riddhi
Published: July 2021

Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) is one such novel approach which helps to increase user acceptance by virtue of rapid disintegration, self-administration without water or chewing. ODTs are solid unit dosage forms like the conventional tablets containing super disintegrants, which help them to disintegrate and/or disperse rapidly in the mouth within few seconds. The orodispersible tablet of Paroxetine hydrochloride was prepared by using direct compression method and the tablet were formulated using various concentration of Kyron T-314 as disintegrating agent, PVP K-30 as binder, F melt Type C as diluent, Sodium Saccharin as sweetening agent, talc as lubricant and Aerosil as glidant respectively. All the batches were prepared according to Factorial design. The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters like hardness, dissolution, friability, weight variation, disintegration time. Batch F5 was found to be the best batch as the disintegration time is minimum (26seconds) and better drug release profile. Orodispersible tablets of Paroxetine Hydrochloride were successfully formulated by which first pass metabolism could be avoided and faster onset of action could be achieved.
Understanding the drug delivery through nails: a comprehensive review
Authors: BHATTACHARJEE BEDANTA , DEY NIKITA , BARMAN DHUNUSMITA , KARMAKAR ARKA , AHMED NASIMA
Published: July 2021

The nail unit is the largest cutaneous musculo-skeletal appendage. The management of nail disorders is an onerous task owing to the disease manifestations and anatomical structure of the nail plate. The topical treatment of nail infections/disorders has been a centerpiece of nail research in the past few decades as it offers a much safer and focused alternative to conventional oral therapy. However, transungual delivery had its challenges. This necessitated a lookout for novel approaches that enhanced treatment efficacy and reduced treatment time. Moreover, curing the nail condition using topical delivery has been challenging due to the lack of a validated animal model to determine the efficacy of the formulation and to establish a mathematical model that can help in predicting the desirable attributes of the formulation and permeation of various molecules through the nail plate. This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of nail anatomy and its disorders, factors affecting nail delivery, diagnostic procedures, current approaches, and promising approaches to treat nail infections/disorders including nail lacquers and the role of permeation enhancers, in-vitro models. This review also covers current available treatments and treatments under clinical trial.

Keywords: Musculo-skeletal, Nail infection, Transungual, Mathematical model, In-vitro models.
Plausible role of Arq Ajīb in combating COVID-19: A multi-faceted review
Authors: Anwar Noman , Ahmed N. Zaheer , Begum Shehnaz
Published: July 2021

The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a massive change in every aspect of our lives. It has grossly affected the healthcare system, business and world trade, disruption of movement and supply of essential goods and has crippled the global economy. Although few vaccines have been approved for the control of disease, targeted therapy options for this virulent disease still remain limited and elusive. Exhaustive search for potent therapeutic candidate is in progress, for which herbal armory are also being explored. Medicinal plants and their products play a vital role in alleviating various diseases and have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Plant-based drugs with antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulotry activities were hypothetically considered as potential drugs to prevent and mitigate the prevailing situation caused by SARS-CoV-2. Arq Ajīb ‘a Unani formulation’ presents compelling approach in treating numerous diseases. The ingredients of Arq Ajīb and their phytocompounds have been reported for wide-ranging pharmaco-biological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulotry, anti-allergic, antitussive and bronchodilatory activities. Scientific data available on the formulation ingredients and their phytocompounds indicates that the formulation may have a significant role in augmenting the immune status of individual, protecting them from infection and providing symptomatic relief to patients affected with COVID-19. Hence, it may be considered as a potential drug for the development of novel therapeutic candidate for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multi-faceted review highlights the therapeutic significance and pharmacological actions of Arq Ajīb and its ingredients to demonstrate the plausible role of the formulation in combating COVID-19.

Keywords: Arq Ajīb, COVID-19, Pudina, Ajwain, Camphor, Unani formulation
The Meanings of Mental Health Recovery for African and Caribbean Men in the Uk
Authors: Southby Kris , Keating Frank , Joseph Stephen
Published: July 2021

Racial disparities for African and Caribbean men are nowhere as stark as in mental health services and outcomes. Men from these communities who have been in contact with mental health services seemed to be stuck in a stalled cycle of recovery. This paper reports the findings from a study that aimed to explore how African and Caribbean men and their supporters conceptualise mental health recovery at the intersections of masculinity, racialised identities and mental distress. It illuminates the perspectives of service users, family, carers and practitioners on recovery in relation to ethnicity and culture.

Racial disparities for African and Caribbean men are nowhere as stark as in mental health services and outcomes. Men from these communities who have been in contact with mental health services seemed to be stuck in a stalled cycle of recovery. This paper reports the findings from a study that aimed to explore how African and Caribbean men and their supporters conceptualise mental health recovery at the intersections of masculinity, racialised identities and mental distress. It illuminates the perspectives of service users, family, carers and practitioners on recovery in relation to ethnicity and culture.

Seven overarching themes emerged from the data in relation to the meanings of recovery: recovering from social suffering, leading a normal life, (re)gaining control and agency, a sense of hope, (re)gaining identity, reduced medical involvement, and recovery being a healing journey.

The paper concludes that recovery is an ongoing process, not merely a narrow outcome to be achieved for men. The paper advances previous understandings by conceptualising mental health recovery for African and Caribbean men as a journey towards addressing individual and collective “social suffering” that occurs at the intersections of masculinity, “race” and mental distress, and moving to a better social location.
MICHAEL FARADAY E SEU PRIMEIRO CONTATO COM A INDUÇÃO DE CORRENTE ELÉTRICA: UMA VIAGEM HISTÓRICA A 1831
Authors: Peres Renan André , Gomes Luciano Carvalhais
Published: July 2021

Apresentaremos, neste artigo, uma discussão e análise histórica de um episódio que teve grandes impactos e significativas contribuições ao avanço científico e tecnológico: o sucesso de Michael Faraday no desenvolvimento da Indução de Corrente Elétrica, ocorrido na primeira metade do século XIX. Assim, trazemos algumas reflexões provenientes de nossa pesquisa de mestrado que teve como intuito responder aos seguintes questionamentos: Como ocorreu o primeiro contato de Michael Faraday com o processo da Indução de Corrente Elétrica? Quais foram os experimentos que possibilitaram o cientista britânico a desenvolver tal processo com êxito? Com essa investigação, foi possível compreendermos e levantarmos de maneira mais fiel aos fatos alguns dos experimentos, observações e reflexões que marcaram o primeiro contato de Faraday com o fenômeno da indução, sucedido em 1831.  Em suma, constatamos que tal episódio foi constituído, inicialmente, por experimentos que possibilitaram o cientista britânico a induzir corrente elétrica a partir da própria eletricidade voltaica, e então, apenas num segundo momento, por meio do magnetismo comum.
INTERAÇÕES ENTRE OS MORCEGOS E AS PLANTAS: PROPOSTA DE UMA HISTÓRIA EM QUADRINHOS PARA FINS DE DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Silva Lynick Jones , Souza Neto Luiz Gonzaga de , Silva Luiz Augustinho Menezes  da
Published: July 2021

Na área de ensino, o produto educacional em forma de histórias em quadrinhos (HQs) pode ser um interessante recurso a ser trabalhado nas salas de aula, visto que pode apresentar, de maneira lúdica, os conteúdos do Ensino de Ciências/Biologia. Este artigo expõe um caminho para produzir um recurso didático em forma de história em quadrinhos educativa. A HQ é direcionada ao Ensino de Zoologia, evidenciando os aspectos do rigor da escrita científica e da ludicidade, com o intuito de destacar características positivas dos morcegos relacionadas às interações com as plantas com base na divulgação científica. Para isso, adaptamos o seguinte percurso exequível a ser realizado para criar o quadrinho: 1- base teórica; 2- apresentação estrutural e de organização; 3- produção das ilustrações; 4- produção textual do recurso didático; 5- relação estabelecida entre as ilustrações e os textos; e 6- discussão comparativa. Durante o processo de criação do produto, demonstramos, de forma teórico-metodológica, os passos executados entre o enlace da problemática dos morcegos (grupo estigmatizado) e os aspectos ecológicos da interação entre as plantas (alimentação, polinização, dispersão de sementes e abrigos) que podem ser apresentados na Educação Básica. Por intermédio disso, esperamos contribuir com a discussão sobre um possível caminho para produzir uma pequena revista em quadrinhos direcionada ao Ensino de Zoologia ou Ensino de Ciências voltadas para a Educação Básica, com o objetivo de direcionar seu uso para salas de aula e dirigir um novo olhar para o conteúdo pretendido pelo quadrinista. Porém, essa produção deve partir da transposição de uma base teórica para um meio de divulgação científico de forma lúdica e atrativa, capaz de produzir uma narrativa cujo conteúdo científico possa ser inserido como uma forma popular de comunicação.
REVISÃO SOBRE CIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL E INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE: CONTAMINANTES EMERGENTES NA ÁGUA
Authors: Miyabara Marcela Hirose , Schimidt Fernando , Dos Santos Alex Mota
Published: July 2021

No início do século XX o conhecimento estava fundamentado no pensamento cartesiano dofrancês René Descartes, no entanto a complexidade dos processos naturais exigiu umareorientação do conhecimento, que permitisse compreender essas interdependências nasciências ambientais, através do pensamento sistêmico. Essa mudança de paradigma naspesquisas científicas ainda está em processo, sendo um desafio definir, ampliar e legitimarnovos campos de saberes, uma vez que a crise ambiental permite novas vias para mudançasde conhecimentos. Este trabalho é uma revisão bibliográfica que apresenta o conceito, umaanálise e as divergências entre o pensamento cartesiano e o pensamento sistêmico. O focodo trabalho é sobre a problemática da interdisciplinaridade aplicada às Ciências Ambientais,reconhecendo a concepção de meio ambiente como sistemas complexos e a partir disso háuma discussão sobre a implicação e relevância do pensamento sistêmico sobre os estudosdos contaminantes emergentes na água, que incorporam o âmbito social, ambiental,econômico, político e institucional.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE INFOGRÁFICOS SOBRE HISTÓRIA DA CIÊNCIA E SEUS EFEITOS DE SENTIDO NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Palcha Leandro Siqueira
Published: July 2021

Nos dias atuais, observa-se a necessidade pela busca de metodologias ativas que fomentem a leitura, a pesquisa e o aprofundamento de informações sobre a ciência. Há de se pensar nisso como uma questão bastante desafiadora e que exige esforços nos espaços de formação de professores para se trabalhar com meios e formas de mediação da natureza do conhecimento científico. O objetivo aqui é analisar os efeitos de sentidos nos dizeres de licenciandos acerca da experiência de construir infográficos sobre a história da ciência para o ensino de ciências. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico e metodológico a Análise de Discurso Francesa. Os resultados expressam efeitos complementares, auxiliares e constitutivos que representam diferentes sentidos de expressar a história da ciência no ensino. Defende-se que o infográfico contribuiu para manifestar estes sentidos, particularmente quando se enseja sincretizar a abordagem histórica da ciência e seu ensino, a fim de romper com um ensino tipicamente transmissivo.
USO DE OFICINA EDUCACIONAL PARA O ENSINO DA TEMÁTICA DE AGROTÓXICOS E PRODUTOS ORGÂNICOS EM ESCOLAS DE COCAL, PIAUÍ
Authors: Sousa Paulo Sérgio De Araujo , Rodrigues Marciele Gomes , Sousa Jaíne Mendes de , Rodrigues Janine De Albuquerque Cunha , Oliveira Matheus Ladislau Gomes de , Oliveira Rayane Erika Galeno , Ferreira Letícia De Andrade , Aguiar Carlos Francisco Santos , Vieira Thalita Brenda Dos Santos , Rodrigues Márcia Gomes , Resende Joelma De Araújo Silva
Published: July 2021

O ensino de Ciência apresenta caráter interdisciplinar e por esse motivo se torna suscetível a situações do cotidiano e problemas socioculturais, possibilitando a sua contextualização. Porém, o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de disciplinas como a de Ciências vem passando por dificuldades, seja pelo desinteresse dos educandos, assim como pela forma que o assunto é abordado. Destarte, o presente artigo buscou abordar uma metodologia de ensino alternativa para a disciplina de Ciências envolvendo as temáticas agrotóxicos e produtos orgânicos, visando o debate e discussão a respeito do tema articulado. As atividades metodológicas foram desenvolvidas nas escolas de ensino fundamental Unidade Escolar Chico Monção e Unidade Escolar José Basson e ocorreram em duas turmas de 9º ano. Assim, inicialmente foi aplicado um pré-teste e ao final das propostas metodológicas, aplicou-se um pós-teste, ambos contendo 8 questões abertas e fechadas. Realizou-se também a abordagem de aulas introdutórias, bem como a leitura de textos por parte dos estudantes. Ademais, foi proposta uma oficina de produção de cartazes, e por fim, ocorreu a socialização dos cartazes produzidos pelos alunos. Com as atividades metodológicas desenvolvidas durante a intervenção, foi possível trabalhar temáticas presentes no cotidiano dos educandos de forma mais atrativa, ocasionando ainda a participação e o seu interesse perante temas que abordam significativas problematizações. Diante disso, conclui-se que o ensino conciliado a abordagens metodológicas alternativas é uma forma de auxiliar na compreensão de assuntos presentes em várias áreas do conhecimento, contribuindo no processo de ensino-aprendizado dos educandos.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMAS (ABP): RELATO DE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Lopes de Freitas Lima Mayara , Aparecida dos Santos Cordeiro Priscila , Gadelha da Costa David , Teixeira da Silva Judimar , Barbosa da Silva Viviane , Kelly Pereira Alves de Souza Bruna , Veríssimo de Souza Renato , Mendes da Silva Ivoneide
Published: July 2021

A Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP), uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem focada nos pressupostos teóricos das metodologias ativas, é uma abordagem que se contrapõe a modelos de ensino tradicional e coloca os alunos no centro do processo como agentes empenhados em resolver problemas reais. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência com a metodologia de aprendizagem baseada em problemas na disciplina Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação no Ensino de Ciências de um programa de pós-graduação de uma Universidade Pública Federal. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, por meio do qual apresentamos uma oficina pautada no ensino híbrido. Para isso, optamos pelo modelo de rotação por estações, no qual os estudantes percorreram quatro estações de trabalho fixas na sala de aula, compostas de atividades distintas - uma delas realizada por meio de um recurso tecnológico em um contexto online como proposta de solução para o problema em ABP apresentado na Disciplina. A vivência com a metodologia ABP possibilitou-nos, sobretudo, refletir acerca de nossa prática docente. Os integrantes da oficina perceberam o quanto essa metodologia auxilia o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, promovendo momentos mais participativos para os discentes e auxiliando à sua formação a partir de sua própria construção do conhecimento.
O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS PARA UMA FORMAÇÃO CIDADÃ PLENA
Authors: De Almeida Lidiane Aparecida
Published: July 2021

Nos últimos anos temos visto aumentar significativamente o número de manchetes que nos provocam preocupações sobre o papel do Ensino de Ciências no Brasil.
The Effects of Asthma on the Stress Oxidative, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction Characteristics in Children with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Shabestari ali Arjmand , imanparast fatemeh , mohaghegh pegah , kiyanrad habibeh
Published: July 2021

Background: Pulmonary vascular endothelial activation, inflammation, and
stress oxidative have been implicated in adverse clinical outcomes of
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Chronic lung problems such as asthma
may affect the consequences of pneumonia.The present study aimed to
assess the effects of asthma on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and
endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in children pneumonia. Methods: This
cross-sectional study was performed at Amir Kabir Hospital affiliated to
Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Participants were 25
children with severe CAP and asthma (group I), 25 children with severe
CAP (group II), and 25 healthy children (group III) with 2 to 6 years of
age. Fasting blood samples were taken to the assay of serum
malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF-α), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
(sVCAM-1), and Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Results: We
observed a significant reduction in TAC in groups I and II compared with
group III. This reduction was significantly higher in group I than in
group II. Also, we observed a significant increase in MDA and TNF-α in
groups I and II compared with group III. The increase in MDA was
significantly higher in group I than in group II. VCAM-1 and PAI-1 as
endothelial dysfunction biomarkers increased significantly in group I
compared with groups II and III. Also, VCAM-1 and PAI-1 increased
significantly in group II compared with groups III. Conclusions: Asthma
can exacerbate the consequences of pneumonia in children by increasing
oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
De novo developed microsatellite markers in gill parasites of the genus Dactylogyrus (Monogenea): revealing the phylogeographic pattern of population structure in the generalist parasite Dactylogyrus vistulae
Authors: Benovics Michal , Gettová Lenka , Simková Andrea
Published: July 2021

Approaches using microsatellite markers are considered the gold standard
for modern population-genetic studies. However, though they have found
application in research into various platyhelminth taxa, they remained
substantially underutilized in the study of monogeneans. In the present
study, a newly-developed set of 24 microsatellite markers was used to
investigate the genetic diversity of the generalist monogenean species
D. vistulae. The analyzed parasite specimens were collected from 13
cyprinoid species from 11 sites in the Apennine and Balkan peninsulas. A
total of 159 specimens were genotyped at each of the loci and the number
of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 16, with a mean number of 6.958
alleles per locus. Exceptionally high genetic diversity was observed
among D. vistulae individuals in the southern Balkans, suggesting that
this region might represent the center of diversification of the genus
in Europe, from where Dactylogyrus parasites expanded into the north.
The initial clustering analysis divided all investigated specimens into
three major clusters; however, the results of the subsequent analyses
revealed the existence of various subpopulations, suggesting that the
population structure of D. vistulae is associated with the
diversification of their cyprinoid hosts. In addition, partition of the
parasite population was observed in regions of the sympatric occurrence
of two host species, indicating that these hosts may represent a barrier
to gene flow, even for generalist parasite species.
Pooled molecular occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in poultry: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chaidez-Ibarra Miguel Angel , Velazquez Diana Zuleika , Enriquez-Verdugo Idalia , Campo Nohemi Castro del , Rodriguez-Gaxiola Miguel Angel , Montero-Pardo Arnulfo , Diaz Daniel , Gaxiola Soila Maribel
Published: July 2021

Worldwide, Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae
(MS) are the main agents responsible for chronic respiratory disease in
poultry. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis
to estimate their occurrence. We searched electronic databases to find
peer-reviewed publications reporting the molecular detection of MG and
MS in poultry and used meta-analysis to estimate their pooled occurrence
(combined flock and individual), aggregating results at the regional and
national levels. We performed a subgroup meta-analysis for
subpopulations (broilers, layers, breeders, and diverse poultry
including turkeys, ducks, and ostriches) and used meta-regression with
categorical modifiers. We retrieved 2,294 publications from six
electronic databases and included 85 publications from 33 countries that
reported 62 studies with 22,162 samples for MG and 48 studies with
26,413 samples for MS. The pooled occurrence was 38.4% (95% CI:
23.5-54.5) for MS and 27.0% (20.4-34.2) for MG. Among regions, Europe
and Central Asia had the lowest occurrence for both pathogens, while MG
and MS were highly prevalent in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa,
respectively. MG occurrence was higher in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, and
Sudan, whereas China, Egypt, and Ethiopia reported a higher occurrence
of MS. MS and MG were more prevalent in the breeders and layers (62.6%
and 31.2%, respectively) than in diverse poultry. The year of
publication, the sample size, and the level of ambient air pollution
(measured indirectly by PM2.5) were associated with the occurrence of
both mycoplasmas. Our study revealed a high and heterogeneous occurrence
of MG and MS and justifies the need for an early detection and improved
control measures to reduce the spread of these pathogens.
On the P-formulation and the Split-Fraction-Formulation for the Generalized Pooling Problem
Authors: Cheng Xin , Li Xiang
Published: July 2021

The generalized pooling problem (GPP) is a NP-hard problem for which the
solution time for securing a global optimal solution heavily depends on
the strength of the problem formulation. The existing GPP formulations
use either quality variables (P-formulation and the variants) or
split-fraction variables (SF-formulation and the variants) to model the
material balance at the pools. This paper is the first attempt to
develop theoretical results for comparing the strength of P-formulation
and SF-formulation. It is found that, an enhanced version of
P-formulation, called P-formulation, is at least as
strong as SF-formulation under mild conditions. Furthermore,
P-formulation becomes identical to P-formulation when
the pooling network comprises only mixers and splitters. With additional
conditions that are often satisfied at the root node, P-formulation is
proved to be as least as strong as SF-formulation. The theoretical
results are verified by the computational study of 23 problem instances.
Right from the Start: Exploring the Effects of Early Team Events on Subsequent Project Team Development and Performance
Authors: Ericksen Jeff , Dyer Lee
Published: July 2021

This study examines if high- and low-performing project teams differ with respect to how they are mobilized and launched and the effects of their mobilization and launch activities and outputs on subsequent team progress and performance. Comparisons of three high- and three low-performing teams drawn from five major corporations showed that the high performers mobilized relatively quickly, used comprehensive rather than limited mobilization strategies, and conducted participatory rather than programmed launch meetings. This combination of activities produced a constellation of salutary outputs: more time for the teams to do their work, team members with essential task-related competencies and sufficient time to contribute to their projects, and complete rather than partial performance strategies. In turn, the three salutary outputs formed a constellation of key inner resources that propelled the high-performing teams on a virtuous path of reinforcing activities and outputs that, despite difficulties, ultimately led to success, whereas the absence of one or more of these resources led the low-performing teams down a vacuous path of accumulating confusion and inactivity from which they never recovered.
Perceived Control as an Antidote to the Negative Effects of Layoffs on Survivors' Organizational Commitment and Job Performance
Authors: Brockner Joel , Spreitzer Gretchen , Mishra Aneil , Hochwarter Wayne , Pepper Lewis , Weinberg Janice
Published: July 2021

Two field studies tested the hypothesis that high perceived control may serve as an antidote to the negative effects of layoffs on the employees who are not laid off (survivors). In Study 1, some participants witnessed the layoffs of fellow employees, but others did not. In Study 2, all participants survived a layoff, but they varied in the extent to which they experienced the post-layoff environment as threatening to their well-being. Conceptually analogous results emerged across the two studies. Study 1 showed that the negative impact of layoffs on survivors' organizational commitment was reduced when perceived control was relatively high. Study 2 showed that the tendency for survivors' job performance to be adversely affected by high threat to their well-being was reduced when perceived control was relatively high. In other words, perceived control was more strongly related to employees' organizational commitment in the presence than in the absence of layoffs and to survivors' job performance when they experienced the post-layoff environment as more threatening. These findings account for additional variance in the reactions of layoff survivors and identify when perceived control will be more versus less strongly related to employees' work attitudes and behaviors. Practical implications for the management of organizational downsizings are discussed.
Transfer accuracy of four different lingual retainer transfer methods using digital orthodontic models:
Authors: Korkmaz Yasemin Nur , Arslan Semiha
Published: July 2021

Objectives

To compare the transfer accuracy of four different lingual retainer (LR) transfer methods using three-dimensional digital models.

Materials and Methods

Four groups of 17 patients each were created: finger transfer (FT), silicone key transfer (SKT), acrylic resin transfer (ART), and indirect bonding (IDB). At the end of orthodontic treatment, the mandibular dental casts of patients were scanned with the LR wire. Then, intraoral scanning of the mandibular arches was performed after bonding the retainer wires. Linear and angular measurements were made using software on superimposed digital models.

Results

Horizontal and vertical errors among the teeth were not significantly different among the FT, SKT, and ART groups. However, in the IDB group, linear transfer errors showed significant differences among the different teeth. The tip and rotation errors in the FT group were not significantly different among the teeth. The angular errors were lower in canines than in the incisors. In all measured parameters, the SKT group showed the lowest errors, whereas the FT group had the highest transfer errors in all parameters except vertical.

Conclusions

Among the transfer methods tested, SKT was determined to have the highest clinical accuracy.
Dinamika Lembaga Pendidikan Dasar Dalam Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Mubarok Ramdanil
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to look at the basic concepts of basic education during a pandemic, understand the courageous concept of learning during a pandemic, and see whenever you are in a primary school in managing learning during a pandemic. The result is that basic education institutions are the institutions from which a child's formal education begins. This bold model of learning allows educators and students to learn without having to meet. The dynamics of basic education institutions in the management of bold learning, namely by compiling bold learning plans, conducting mapping in learning, implementing bold learning according to plans to achieve goals, and conducting indicator evaluations, evaluations, environmental evaluations. Conduct evaluations such as process indicators, activities, maintenance, and solutions. Evaluating the teaching staff, evaluating students, and evaluating the facilities.
EFEKTIVITAS PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN DI KABUPATEN SAROLANGUN
Authors: Laila Najmi
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan temuan penelitian yang berupa efektivitas penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kabupaten Sarolangun, peneliti menggambarkan faktor penyebab terjadinya bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan, kemudian untuk mengetahui efektivitas penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kabupaten Sarolangun. Hal ini dilakukan berdasarkan pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi dari intansi-instansi terkait penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Selanjutnya Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui proses berlangsungnya dalam efektivitas penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Metode penelitian yang peneliti gunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang akan mengggunakan metode deskriptif kemudian teknik penelitian pemilihan informan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara serta studi dokumentasi. Dapat diketahui hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwasanya efektivitas penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kabupaten Sarolangun masih dianggap belum efektif dikarenakan lokasi kebakaran hutan dan lahan sulit ditempuh