bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Anti Narkoba dan Bahaya Pernikahan Dini di Desa Semoyang Lombok Tengah
Authors: Raehanah
Published: May 2023

Kasus narkoba dan pernikahan usia dini merupakan dua masalah yang sampai sekarang belum bisa ditangani sampai tuntas, khususnya di wilayah NTB. Hal ini terbukti dengan semakin meningkatnya kasus penyalahgunaan narkoba dari tahun ke tahun. Pada Tahun 2019 sebanyak 7 daerah masuk kategori bahaya, 23 daerah kategori waspada, dan 29 daerah kategori siaga narkoba. Jumlah kasuspun mencapai 557 kasus di tahun yang sama. Tahun 2020, Prevalensi kasus narkoba di Kota Mataram mencapai 1,5 juta setahun, atau jumlah orang yang terpapar narkoba mencapai 6.000 jiwa. Begitupula dengan kasus pernikahan dini, Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan daerah dengan tingkat kasus pernikahan usia dini tertinggi di Indonesia. Data 2019 kasus pernikahan dini meningkat dari dari 332 kasus menjadi 805 kasus. Jumlah remaja pelaku pernikahan usia dini di sepertiga dari total penduduk NTB yang berjumlah 4,8 juta. Sedangkan rata-rata tingkat pendidikan mereka yang melakukan pernikahan dini ini adalah remaja tamatan SMP-SMA sebanyak 800 kasus. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan yaitu tahap persiapan, perencanaan, dan pelaksanaan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat Desa Semoyang tentang bahaya penyalahgunaan narkoba serta bahaya pernikahan dini. Narkoba dan pernikahan dini sama-sama berdampak baik dari segi kesehatan, mental, dan ekonomi masyarakat
Pembelajaran Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Menggunakan Wordwall
Authors: Tiurmaya Agustina  , Fauziah Nur  , Fitriany Fitriany , Rita Napitupulu
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this community service activity is to assist students in learning English by using Wordwall in classroom learning and to produce new English vocabulary for students. Considering that the mastery of English for students today has become something that is highly expected. However, based on existing developments, students often find difficulties in the learning process. One method that can overcome this is the Wordwall Method. This activity is carried out at one of the tutoring places for young learners, namely Tunas Education Centre for elementary school children, which is located at Jalan Sosial NO.1A. district. Tanjung Morawa. Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The target participants are grade IV elementary school students, totaling 15 participants. The method used is the method of theory and practice. The results obtained through this training are innovative learning knowledge using Wordwall which is expected to increase students' knowledge and vocabulary. This training received a good response and with positive results as well. However, the same activities can be carried out simultaneously to get better results
Pilot scheme assessment: Health development program for students at dormitories
Authors: Sirin Hulya , Karasahin Emine Fusun , Tezel Basak , Ozbas Sema , Keskinkilic Bekir , Ozkan Secil
Published: May 2023

Aim: This study, conducted in Turkey, aims to increase the practicability of health counselling and protective services offered to young people in the long term. In the short term, it is aimed to determine health counselling needs of students at dormitories and it might enlighten researchers working in this field.
Methods: A pilot questionnaire, developed in order to determine health needs of students staying at dormitories, was conducted in two dormitories in Ankara. Focus group interviews were done, also. After that, in nine dormitories from nine provinces from all over the Turkey, questionnaire and health screening tests were applied to 5,852 volunteers.
Results: The common topics for both sexes which students would like to receive counselling are nutrition and anxiety about exams.
Conclusion: As a result of the study, service has been planned for the identified needs of the students.
Knowledge about breastfeeding of children 0-6 months among mothers attending hospital services in Kosovo
Authors: Kamberi Haxhi , Jerliu Naim Jerliu , Kamberi Safete , Berisha Idriz
Published: May 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and socio-demographic correlates of breastfeeding of children aged 0-6 months among mothers with young children in post-war Kosovo.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kosovo during the period December 2017 – February 2018 including a representative sample of 201 mothers (aged 29.4±6.0 years) with young children attending hospital services. In addition to socio-demographic data, a structured 13-item questionnaire inquiring about breastfeeding of children aged 0-6 months was administered to all women. A summary score was calculated for all 13 items related to women’s knowledge on breastfeeding (0 denoting incorrect answers to all 13 items, and 13 denoting correct answers to all 13 questions). General linear model was used to assess the association between summary score of the knowledge about breastfeeding and socio-demographic characteristics of the women.  
Results: Mean summary score of the 13 items related to knowledge about breastfeeding was 10.3±1.9; median score was 11 (interquartile range: 9-12). In multivariable-adjusted models, the mean summary score of knowledge about breastfeeding of children 0-6 months was slightly but non-significantly higher among “older” women, those residing in urban areas, highly educated women, those currently employed, and women with a higher income level.
Conclusion: Generally, the level of knowledge about breastfeeding of children aged 0-6 months was satisfactory among mothers with young children included in this survey in Kosovo. Furthermore, there were seemingly no significant socio-demographic differences in the level of knowledge about breastfeeding of young infants among women in this study carried out in Kosovo.
Knowledge and perception about climate change among healthcare professionals and students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Torre Giuseppe La , Baer Lice De Paula , Sestili Cristina , Cocchiara Rosario Andrea , Barbato Domenico , Mannocci Alice , Cimmuto Angela Del
Published: May 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess knowledge on Climate Change (CC) and related consequences among students and professionals of healthcare setting.
Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 364 people was conducted. The survey was performed at Sapienza University (Rome) using questionnaire previously developed and validated by the same research group.
Results: Findings indicate awareness about CC and its effects and correct identification of practices that could help to mitigate its repercussions. The majority of the participants believed that CC had an impact on the health of humans (96.7%), animals (99.5%) and on the environment (99.7%). Results from the multivariate analysis regarding overall knowledge, show an increased odd in professionals (OR=2.08; 95%CI=1.02-4.26), individuals from the North (OR=3.34; 95%CI=1.37-8.15) and from the Center (OR=2.07; 95%CI=1.17-3.66). Regarding factors able to modify Earth's climate, correct answer had higher odds of being chosen by professionals (OR=2.83; 95%CI=1.41–5.70), and from individuals from South/Islands than by the ones from the Center (OR=0.65; 95%CI=0.40-1.06). The main sources of information resulted to be TV and school/university.
Conclusions: These new evidences could guide policymakers on increasing the awareness of the population about this fundamental subject.
Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Leading Policy Change In Public Health
Authors: Czabanowska Kasia
Published: May 2023

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Addressing ableism in inclusive education policies: a policy brief outlining Italy, Poland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom
Authors: Kusters Joni , Millner Mareike Annemarie , Omelyanovskaya Karina , Tangerli Mehmet Mikail , Laszewska Agata , Kessel Robin van
Published: May 2023

Context: Access to education is a fundamental right that should be realised to the degree that every child can develop their talents to the fullest potential. Therefore, children with special education needs and disabilities (SEND) have the right to claim resources and aid to function in schools and should not be excluded from any level of mainstream education. However, the process towards executing this fundamental right is slowed down by existing ableist structures.  
Policy Options: This policy brief analyses inclusive education policies from the perspective of four different European Countries (Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and the United Kingdom). The data was synthesised using four types of ableism that are addressed in this policy brief. The gaps within definitions and argumentation were identified and discussed to provide recommendations concerning education for people with SEND.
Recommendations: The evaluation provided three significant recommendations towards inclusive education systems by addressing ableist structures. Firstly, it is crucial to reduce the linguistic gaps between national educational policies and the underlying national laws. Secondly, it is necessary to include the target group and raise awareness for SEND to reinforce societal and scientific perspectives, and influence policy decision-making. Lastly, it is important to address the discrepancies between the inclusive education policies and the structural capacity. The synergy between these two key factors is crucial for an effective implementation of inclusive education.
Towards harmonisation of public health master education based on WHO-ASPHER Competency Framework for Public Health Workforce in the Euro-pean Region
Authors: Haque Sharmi , Marques Inês Terêncio , Stankutė Ieva , Bikniūtė Inesa , Staišiūnaitė Agnė , Czabanowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

The absence of harmonisation in public health curricula between Schools of Public Health is a possible root cause of the ability to effectively address future public health problems in the European Region. Increased cross-border mobility enables public health higher education institutions to become transnational actors in the direction of competency-based education. Four Public Health Master’s programmes were compared: Management of Public Health in Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), Governance and Leadership in European Public Health in Maastricht University (UM), Public Health in National (Portuguese) School of Public Health (ENSP) and Public Health in The University of Sheffield (SH). The WHO-ASPHER Competency Framework was used to compare the four public health master programmes. Inconsistencies were found among these masters. Content and Context which includes core public health disciplines appears to be the most consistent element. Relations and Interactions focus appeared diminished in the four schools examined. Performance and Achievement varied within the evaluated curricula. (1)
The WHO-ASPHER Competency Framework served as a reference to assess the core programme elements for the partial harmonisation of public health masters in relation to the competency, values covered and inter-professional orientation.
Recommendations:   

Increase competency-based education
Introduce leadership and communication skills in the public health curricula;
Increase the network of Schools of Public Health in the European Region;
Use a competency framework towards partial harmonisation of public health programmes.
The Impact of Big Data Quality Analytics on Knowledge Management in Healthcare Institutions: Lessons Learned from Big Data's Application within The Healthcare Sector
Authors: Ravikumar Rejitha , Kitana Abdelkarim , Taamneh Abdallah , Aburayya Ahmad , Shwedeh Fanar , Salloum Said , Shaalan Khaled
Published: May 2023

It is widely acknowledged that knowledge management is critical to an organization's survival and growth. Every day, higher education institutions that are considered knowledge centers generate massive volumes of data. When this data is analyzed using appropriate computational methods and technology, it can provide knowledge to improve organizational performance and students' academic experience. Healthcare organizations create massive volumes of data as a result of the usage of digital technologies to manage patient information and the organization's operations. When used successfully, this data aids in the creation of information that improves patient health and everyday organizational functioning, as well as the prevention of unfavorable public health scenarios such as the spread of infectious illnesses. This is where big data analytics comes in, providing rational methods for navigating enormous quantities of data to disclose knowledge that assists businesses and analysts in making faster and better decisions. Higher education, like healthcare, creates large amounts of heterogeneous data that hides useful knowledge. As a result, the strategies used by healthcare companies to improve their performance using big data are replicable in the education domain as well. This article examines the use of big data for knowledge management in healthcare using case studies incorporating various analytics and draws parallels to be applied in higher education. As a result, it highlights the possibility of adapting analytics technology and tools from healthcare to higher education with appropriate revisions and adaptations.
Human health in the flood risk management planning under the European Union Floods Directive: Pilot study in the Sava River Basin
Authors: Anniek E. E. de Jong  , Mirza Sarač  , Wilko Verweij  , Jovana Rašeta Bastić  , Gertjan W. Geerling
Published: May 2023

The EU Floods Directive (2007/60/EC) has the purpose to establish a framework for the flood risks assessment and management. It requires the implementation of coordinated measures on a basin-wide level for the reduction of adverse consequences to human health and life. However, mainly direct fatalities are taken into consideration in these plans. To develop more integrated and adaptive risk management and governance it is important to include both direct and indirect consequences. To define effective measures clearer understanding of the relation between floods and impact on human health is needed. We present a first attempt to provide a roadmap for the inclusion of health issues of concern to flood risk management within the Sava River Basin as an example. An overview of the potential flood effects to health issues was made and a roadmap plan was set up to analyse and map these flood risks. We concluded that indirect health effects can contribute significantly to the overall adverse consequences to health, and although relations are complex, a preliminary assessment could be made. Mapping of adverse consequences to health issues in the planning stages should lead to systemic insights and proposed measures in the prevention, protection, and preparedness while considering the characteristics of the river basin or sub-basins. By incorporating a health-risk-analysis in the planning process, health-oriented preparation is not only aimed at improving post-flood relief efforts, but to minimise the actual impacts and decrease post flood recovery time and costs.
The United Nations millennium development and post-2015 sustainable development goals: Towards long-term social change and social stability An Introduction
Authors: Laaser Ulrich , Bjegovic-Mikanovic Vesna
Published: May 2023

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Ethics in research and publication of research articles
Authors: Masic Izet
Published: May 2023

Science aims at promoting knowledge by gathering and discovering the objective truth, the facts that are independent of human interests, their values, ideology and biases. The way in which scientists come to this goal is through the universally accepted and thoroughly regulated processes – the scientific method. There is no clear definition which will answer the question what is unethical in biomedical research. All people recognize some common ethical norms but different individuals interpret, apply, and balance these norms in different ways in light of their own values and life experiences. Generally, it can be said that unethical behaviour in science is any significant mistreatment of intellectual property or participation of other parties, deliberately hampering the research process or distortion of scientific evidence,as well as all the behaviours that affect the integrity of scientific practice. Given theimportance of the primary goal of scientific enterprise, that is search for truth and trustworthy results, ethics in science has increasingly come into focus. There are several reasons why it is important to adhere to ethical norms in research. Norms promote the aims of research, such as knowledge and truth, variety of moral and social values and help to build public support for research. This paper analyzes the major principles of ethical conduct in science and closely related topics on ghost authorship, conflict of interest, co-authorship assignment, redundant/repetitiveand duplicate publications. Furthermore, the paper provides an insight into the fabrication and falsification of data, as the most common forms of scientific fraud.
Human Rights and the Law Enforcement in the Criminal Justice System: A case study of the City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Authors: Villegas Princess Saharah L.
Published: May 2023

Policing and the criminal justice system would only encourage the public's trust once dignity and equality are upheld in protecting and serving the community. This study aims to reveal how police conform to the Human Rights Law, specific freedom from cruel, inhumane, and degrading punishment or treatment to formulate a more Intensified Prevention Plan (IPP) based on the evidence. A qualitative study approach has been adopted, and interviews were conducted among seven (7) participants from the San Jose del Monte Police Station. The results show that the protection of all individuals was based on the guiding principles mandated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution and the Anti-Torture Act of 2009, which were valid methods of proving the existence of general law principles. The public apathy and advertisement of exaggerated information among Police officers implicate a negative impact on the whole organization in the exercise of protecting the rights of all individuals. Recognizing the innovative approach to exercising their sworn duties and responsibilities among the community and giving them a simple value of appreciation for their good deeds are already countless gratitude in every heart of all uniformed personnel of the Philippine National Police.
An Analysis of USSFeed’s Caption on Instagram Based on the Logical Atomism Concept
Authors: Silfa Dzukhriyah  , Setia Rini
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze language using Bertrand Russell's logical atomism concept. In this article, Russell's concept of logical atomism is also discussed. According to Russell, logical atomism maintains that language may be separated into atomic propositions and compound propositions when talking about words and language as a means of conveying information. Research was conducted using both qualitative and library-based techniques. The data utilized was taken from an Instagram post by the USSFeeds account, which disseminates the most recent news for everyone from youngsters to adults with a focus on the international market. The researcher then analyzes it in terms of Russell's atomic propositions of logical atomism. Logical atomism is an ideology that holds that language may be divided into atomic propositions and compound propositions when discussing words and language as a carrier of information. Additionally, by adding the terms "and", “who”, “that” “or”, and etc these atomic assertions may be combined to make compound propositions. USSFeed captions that are analyzed using the concept of logical atomism must be added with conjunctions to clarify the intended reference.

 

Keywords: Logical atomism, Bertrand Russell, USSFeed.
Praktiken und Rationalitäten Transnationaler Überwachung
Authors: Kniep Ronja
Published: May 2023

Dieser Beitrag schlägt eine feld- und praxistheoretische Perspektive für die Nachrichtendienstforschung in den Internationalen Beziehungen (IB) vor. Diese Perspektive erfordert eine kritische Reflexivität, ein Denken in Relationen sowie eine enge Verbindung von Theorie und Empirie, und schafft damit ein wichtiges Gegengewicht zu den praxisnahen und positivistischen Intelligence Studies. Diese Perspektive wird anhand einer Analyse der Strukturen, Praktiken und Rationalitäten des Feldes Signals Intelligence veranschaulicht. Die Praktiken der Behörden sind durch soziotechnische und transnationale Rationalitäten gekennzeichnet – trotz, gleichzeitig und unter Umständen entgegen nationalstaatlicher Orientierungen. Die durch transnational vernetzte Nachrichtendienste entstandenen Sinnwelten und Räume gemeinsamer Praxis tendieren dazu, sich von politischer Steuerung und demokratischer Kontrolle auf nationaler Ebene zu entkoppeln. Der Artikel unterlegt diese These empirisch durch eine Skizze der Struktur des Feldes sowie eine Analyse der deutsch-amerikanischen Nachrichtendienstkooperation Operation Eikonal.
Transnationale Geheimdienstbeziehungen
Authors: Chalati Noura
Published: May 2023

Der vorliegende Artikel greift die wachsende Kritik an der bisherigen Geheimdienstforschung und auch an weiten Teilen der Internationalen Beziehungen (IB) auf, welche Geheimdienste bisher weitestgehend ignoriert hat. Zu diesem Zweck schlage ich eine konzeptionelle Neuorientierung in der Forschung zu Geheimdiensten und geheimdienstlichen Beziehungen vor. Ich werbe für einen soziologisch inspirierten Ansatz und dafür, transnationale Nachrichtendienstbeziehungen als persönliche Beziehungen in und zwischen sozialen Feldern im Bourdieu‘schen Sinn zu untersuchen. Ich diskutiere die Stärken und Herausforderungen eines solchen feldtheoretischen Ansatzes für die Analyse von alltäglichen Praktiken, Konflikten und Interaktionen von Geheimdienstler*innen. Zunächst stelle ich dafür das theoretische Verständnis von national verorteten Geheimdienstfeldern mit transnationalen Praktiken vor. Anschließend diskutiere ich, wie Nachrichtendienstbeziehungen als transnationale Feldbeziehungen verstanden werden können und hebe die Bedeutung geteilter Geheimhaltung und transnationaler Lernprozesse hervor. Empirische Beispiele entstammen der Archivarbeit im Stasi-Unterlagen-Archiv zu den Beziehungen des Ministeriums für Staatssicherheit und der syrischen Geheimdienste.
Critical Dataset and Machine Learning Art.
Authors: Grønneberg Hanna L. , Alacovska Ana
Published: May 2023

The paper proposes that artistic practices engaging with datasets on which machine learning (ML) systems are trained can provide caring or curative resistance to digital toxicity and furnish models for imagining more equitable digital futures. The paper provides a critique of harmful practices of data mining and data extraction in ML system development by focusing on artworks that engage pharmacologically, that is critically and restoratively, with these technologies. The three works analyzed are ImageNet Roulette (2019) by Kate Crawford and Trevor Paglen, This Person does Exist (2020) by Mathias Schäfer, and Feminist Dataset (2017-ongoing) by Caroline Sinders. These works, we ague, use defamiliarization as a critical practice when engaging with datasets and ML, providing vital counter-narratives and curative strategies, yet in some cases also deepening and exacerbating the very same technological toxicity they set out to remedy.
Körperliches und sinnhaftes Bezeugen
Authors: Freyburger Philipp
Published: May 2023

How can Nazi camp experiences be communicated and analysed? For Primo Levi, who was imprisoned in Auschwitz, ›a new language‹ had to be invented as the experiences were too indescribable and unimaginable. Does this pessimism also apply to videotaped oral history interviews? This linguistic study understands these interviews as an interactive genre in which the eyewitnesses reconstruct and represent their experiences in an embodied dimension. With this multimodal grammar of testimony, the study positions itself vis-à-vis the increasingly raised question of whether and to what extent the body should be considered in linguistic fields of work.
Slovenian Settlements in the USA since 1870s till Present
Authors: Klemenčič Matjaž , Mrđenović Milan
Published: May 2023

Ethnic settlements represent cities or parts of them where one of the ethnic organizations are or were present, i.e., ethnic parish, national homes, or at least one fraternal organization. This is a result of the long historic processes which took place after a certain group immigrated. It normally took more than 10 years before a settlement is established and they lasted until another group prevailed or the members of community assimilated. Nevertheless, the traces of the remnants of these communities can be found also more than a century after these settlements were established. There were 800 cities, towns, and villages where Slovene settlements were established. The first was Ebeneser in Georgia. It was erased in the civil war. St. Stephen was established 150 years ago and there are still people who know their ancestry. We recently discovered that a Slovene flag was flown at the cemetery. The second largest Slovenian city worldwide after World War 1 was Cleveland, OH and the city with the largest percentage of Slovenian population in the USA is Ely, MN where more than half of the population has Slovene ancestors. Slovenian Americans were successful also in professional life and in politics.
Perspective Chapter: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry – The Advance in Chemical Analysis
Authors: da Silva Bezerra Kelly
Published: May 2023

How these techniques coupled, high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS), revolutionized the field of chemical analysis. For a long time, the field of instrumental chemical analysis was limited, as we could not reliably quantify low-concentration substances in complex matrices. This is certainly one of the main advantages of coupling these techniques. In this perspective chapter, the advantages and limitations of the LC-MS system will be presented, sample preparation for this type of analysis and examples of applications that have had analytical success. It will also be mentioned the analytical advance in relation to miniaturization for lab-in-syringe, lab-on-valve, lab-on-a-chip, organ-on-a-chip, among others.
MultiRes Attention Deep Learning Approach for Abdominal Fat Compartment Segmentation and Quantification
Authors: K.N. Prakash Bhanu , Channarayapatna Srinivasa Arvind , Yun Yeow Ling , Xiang Chen Wen , Jing Ping Yeo Audrey , Shiong Lim Wee , Heng Tan Cher
Published: May 2023

Global increase in obesity has led to alarming rise in co-morbidities leading to deteriorated quality of life. Obesity phenotyping benefits profiling and management of the condition but warrants accurate quantification of fat compartments. Manual quantification MR scans are time consuming and laborious. Hence, many studies rely on semi/automatic methods for quantification of abdominal fat compartments. We propose a MultiRes-Attention U-Net with hybrid loss function for segmentation of different abdominal fata compartments namely (i) Superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (SSAT), (ii) Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (DSAT), and (iii) Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using abdominal MR scans. MultiRes block, ResAtt-Path, and attention gates can handle shape, scale, and heterogeneity in the data. Dataset involved MR scans from 190 community-dwelling older adults (mainly Chinese, 69.5% females) with mean age—67.85 ± 7.90 years), BMI 23.75 ± 3.65 kg/m2. Twenty-six datasets were manually segmented to generate the ground truth. Data augmentations were performed using MR data acquisition variations. Training and validation were performed on 105 datasets, while testing was conducted on 25 datasets. Median Dice scores were 0.97 for SSAT & DSAT and 0.96 for VAT, and mean Hausdorff distance was <5 mm for all the three fat compartments. Further, MultiRes-Attention U-Net was tested on a new 190 datasets (unseen during training; upper & lower abdomen scans with different resolution), which yielded accurate results. MultiRes-Attention U-Net significantly improved the performance over MultiResUNet, showed excellent generalization and holds promise for body-profiling in large cohort studies.
Trends Shaping the Future of Agrifood
Authors: Stanton John , Caiazza Rosa
Published: May 2023

In agriculture innovation is the main driver of productivity growth. Innovative technologies and methods have to help increase firms’ productivity in a sustainable way. Technology diffusion is important as developing new technologies for sustainable production processes. Current innovations can lead to define the composition of foods with impoverishment or enrichment of nutritional and sensory characteristics. New technologies play a central role in adapting agricultural practices to environmental change. New agricultural practices help to preserve environmental integrity. Competition for an alternative use of natural resources is increasing and agricultural practices and technologies will have to adapt to climate change and more extreme weather-related conditions. This multifunctional approach needs to be directed towards increasing knowledge about the relationship between microstructure, process, product characteristics and technological innovation to protect the quality and origin of products. Innovations are not enough if they are not accompanied by a regulatory environment conducive to business development. Think first of all about the issues of security, rationalization of controls and the embargo of bureaucracy. But also, to the sustainability of food production and the need for common rules on supply conditions in crucial international commodity markets for the development of certain products.
Vascular System: Role of Selenium in Vascular Diseases
Authors: Fatih Doğan Muhammed
Published: May 2023

The trace element selenium is crucial for cellular defense against oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions. Balanced selenium levels are important for the vascular system, whereas dysregulation can damage vascular reactivity. Reports have also supported the strong relationship between oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, which are induced by either the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or the lack of antioxidant defense proteins. The damage of vascular smooth muscle and endothelium layer are frequently linked to vascular disorders such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerosis. Vascular diseases can result in life-threatening serious cardiovascular complications, such as blood clots, heart attack, and stroke. Selenium levels are crucial for preventing vascular damage; however, either low or extremely high amounts of selenium intake may contribute to the pathophysiology of vascular disorders. Selenoproteins are proteins such as glutathione peroxidase containing selenium in the form of the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine. Selenoproteins have the capacity to protect vascular smooth muscle and endothelium by lowering harmful ROS, which allows them to regulate normal vascular functions including vasoreactivity. The current chapter’s goal was to carry out a thorough evaluation of the literature on the connection between selenium and vascular disorders.
Plant Secondary Metabolites and Abiotic Stress Tolerance: Overview and Implications
Authors: Rahman Attiqa , M. Albadrani Ghadeer , Ahmad Waraich Ejaz , Hussain Awan Tahir , Yavaş İlkay , Hussain Saddam
Published: May 2023

Plant secondary metabolites (PSM) are one of the major sources of industrially important products such as food additives due to their distinctive tastes, smells, and flavors. Unlike primary metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, these secondary chemicals are not involved in plant growth, development, and reproduction but play a significant role in ecosystem functioning. These secondary biochemicals also play a key role in plant communication and defense, particularly under different environmental stresses. Plants may exhibit a defense response to combat these abiotic environmental stressors by generating a variety of PSMs to minimize cell and tissue damage. Secondary metabolites are very diverse (almost more than 200,000) in nature, majorly classified into terpenoids, phenolic compounds, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, separated based on biosynthetic pathways (shikimate pathway, mevalonic pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway). This chapter summarizes the stimulating effects of different abiotic stressors (heavy metals, cold and high temperature, light, salinity, and drought) on secondary metabolite production. A major focus is given on the synthesis of secondary metabolite and accumulation in plants under stressful conditions, and their role in the regulation of plant defense.
Thyroid Cancer: From Genes to Treatment – Recent Developments
Authors: Kostoglou-Athanassiou Ifigenia
Published: May 2023

Thyroid cancer carries a good prognosis in most cases and is treated by thyroidectomy, radioiodine administration thereafter, thyroxine treatment. Although, most cases of thyroid cancer are curable, if thyroid cancer loses the ability to concentrate iodine and thus becomes refractory to radioiodine, and if thyroid cancer becomes a progressive disease, the need for targeted treatment becomes necessary. Research in the area of the biology of thyroid cancer and in particular the discovery of somatic genetic mutations involved in the pathophysiology of thyroid cancer as well as research in the treatment of other cancer types with tyrosine kinase inhibitors have led to the application of tyrosine kinase and angiogenetic factor inhibitors in the treatment of thyroid cancer. The application of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in other tumor types led to the discovery that they target the thyroid. Thus, tyrosine kinase inhibitors entered the field of radioactive iodine refractory and advanced thyroid cancer treatment. Multi-kinase and angiogenetic factor inhibitors have provided a novel method that targets thyroid tumors and have revolutionized the treatment of radioiodine refractory and advanced thyroid cancer.
Reflexiones sobre el compliance
Authors: Béjar Rivera Gloria Samantha , Zúñiga Espinoza Nicolás Guadalupe , Béjar Rivera Luis José , Hernández Ayón Francisco Javier
Published: May 2023

Las organizaciones siempre han estado expuestas a la criminalidad económica, es decir, a la corrupción, entre otros delitos. Surge entonces el compliance, o cumplimiento, que se encuentra principalmente enfocado hacia un compliance penal, dejando de lado el resto de los riesgos de incumplimientos a los que la organización se encuentra vulnerable. A través de un análisis cualitativo consistente en una revisión de fuentes documentales, se presenta el enfoque predominante en el estudio del compliance, observando que, es necesario que se replantee el alcance del mismo, considerando a las organizaciones independientemente de su representatividad jurídica o no, y que se analice desde una visión integral del mismo. El presente documento es una reflexión sobre el compliance, identificando la necesidad de que el mismo sea aplicado de manera holística y considerando a las organizaciones en general, independientemente de su representatividad jurídica. Se deja abierta la posibilidad de estudiarlo a mayor profundidad
Didáctica de las matemáticas, software libre y desarrollo de recursos mediante Learnr y Shiny.
Authors: Castejón Mochón José Francisco , Ríos Carrillo José , Sánchez Jiménez Encarnación , Maurandi López Antonio
Published: May 2023

Se desarrollaron páginas web interactivas para la enseñanza de la estadística, empleando las herramientas Shiny y Learnr (lenguaje de programación R) y publicándolas para su ejecución libre por parte de cualquier persona interesada. Se seleccionaron contenidos a partir de los currículos oficiales y de la revisión bibliográfica de innovaciones previas de otros autores. Se llevó a cabo una investigación-acción en el aula virtual y un cuestionario mediante una encuesta, con la participación de 27 alumnos y 59 alumnas de la asignatura de “Matemáticas y su didáctica I” de 2º curso del Grado en Educación Primaria (formación para ejercer como Maestros). Se comprobó la utilidad de estos recursos webs empleándolos para la docencia práctica virtual de la asignatura durante el confinamiento provocado por el COVID-19. Las valoraciones recogidas en la encuesta mostraban que las actividades virtuales desarrolladas mejoraron las actitudes y las competencias del alumnado.
Impacto del aprendizaje en línea en los alumnos de Administración de la Unidad Académica de Ahuacatlán.
Authors: Michel Rendón Juan Carlos , Castañeda González Astrid Guadalupe , De La Rosa Martínez Omar , Caro Romero Adriana Dayanira
Published: May 2023

El aprendizaje en línea, es un modelo educativo novedoso que ha dejado mucho que desear en el aprovechamiento del estudiantado de la unidad académica de Ahuacatlán (UAAH). La presente investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño no experimental y de tipo descriptiva, cuyo objetivo es analizar el nivel de aprendizaje en el aprovechamiento académico de los alumnos de la UAAH, que han experimentado con el uso de las plataformas digitales en su proceso de formación en línea. La pregunta de investigación se responde a través de un cuestionario escala de Likert con 11 ítems, aplicado a 90 estudiantes de administración. Las respuestas muestran que los alumnos están más cómodos con clases presenciales que virtuales, que no aumenta su índice de reprobación y que la capacitación de los docentes no fue la correcta. Se puede concluir que el conocimiento significativo en los estudiantes se genera más de manera presencial.
Reprobación escolar: la percepción del estudiante universitario
Authors: Torres Zapata Angel Esteban , Brito-Cruz Teresa del Jesús , Pérez-Jaimes Alejandra Karina , Lara Gamboa Carmen Cecilia
Published: May 2023

El objetivo fue identificar las causas de la reprobación escolar, desde la perspectiva del estudiante universitario. La metodología presentó un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo-descriptivo, con muestreo no probabilístico donde participaron 121 de 186 estudiantes de la licenciatura en nutrición que aceptaron participar. Se determinó un índice de reprobación de 23.36%, siendo las competencias genéricas las unidades de aprendizajes con mayor índice de reprobación. Desde la percepción del estudiante, las dos principales causas, están relacionadas al estudiante mismo 49.5% y al docente 26.6%. En conclusión, la detección de áreas de oportunidad y análisis, deben ser atendidas mediante el establecimiento de estrategias que ayuden a disminuir los índices de reprobación y fracaso escolar.
Diagnóstico organizacional en las microempresas de giro comercial en el municipio de Acaponeta, Nayarit; México
Authors: Montaño Guzmán Malaquias , Suástegui Barrera Concepción , Sánchez Rodríguez Josué Salvador , Pardo Hernández José Luis , Montaño Guzmán Flor Patricia
Published: May 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar mediante un diagnóstico organizacional la situación de las microempresas de giro comercial del municipio de Acaponeta, Nayarit; México. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva porque no hay manipulación de variables estas se observan y se describen tal como se presentan en su ambiente natural, para dicho estudio se utilizó un cuestionario llamado Pyme-Jica el cual permite identificar el área de oportunidad para realizar planes de mejora, se aplicó a una muestra de 294 responsables y propietarios de microempresas comerciales. En general las áreas que presentan mayores debilidades son finanzas (6.3) y recursos humanos (6.5), esto indica que estas actividades se realizan de manera informal y no se llevan a la práctica frecuentemente. Se concluyó que las diferentes áreas de las microempresas presentan una calificación promedio de 6.9 significa que casi siempre se usa, pero no en su totalidad.
Evaluación del riesgo por asentamientos en zanjones de la Ciudad de Tepic
Authors: Beas Medina María Gabriela
Published: May 2023

En Tepic existen personas que están expuestas a riesgo por estar asentadas en zonas de zanjones de la ciudad. Esta investigación es tipo observacional, retrospectiva, transversal y analítica, con el objetivo de evaluar el riesgo de los habitantes de zanjones que han sido modificados, rellenados, construidos y utilizados para actividades urbanas. Se utilizaron las metodologías del Sistema Nacional de Protección Civil (SINAPROC) y la de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para el medio ambiente (UNEP). Como resultado tenemos: 41 colonias ubicadas en 5 zonas de riesgo por zanjones, con 24 colonias expuestas a un riesgo alto y 17 colonias con riesgo medio. Con esta información las autoridades competentes podrán tomar las decisiones adecuadas para prever o mitigar los daños
Análisis teórico de los impuestos ambientales en economías emergentes: China, Colombia y México
Authors: Zayas Márquez Carolina , Ávila López Luis Alfredo , Solís Quinteros María Marcela , Galván León Jorge Alfonso , Galván León Óscar
Published: May 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación realiza análisis documental de los esfuerzos realizados por tres países emergentes, China, Colombia y México; en torno al tema de impuestos ambientales o también denominados impuestos verdes. El objetivo principal es comparar los avances que presentan referido al número de impuestos y profundidad e impacto de los mismos. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo se implementó el método de análisis documental, basado en la revisión de literatura. Se trata de una investigación de tipo cualitativa, cuya información se provee de fuentes oficiales de los países analizados. Dentro de los resultados preliminares se tiene que, México es el país que mayor avance presenta en los impuestos verdes, en segundo término China y posteriormente Colombia.
Morfometría como apoyo al estudio ante inundaciones en una cuenca del occidente de México.
Authors: López Huerta Cristian Agustín , Marceleño-Flores Susana María Lorena , Nájera-González Oyolsi , Bojórquez-Serrano José Irán
Published: May 2023

Las cuencas poseen características idóneas para realizar planificaciones ambientales del territorio. La técnica más importante para el análisis cuantitativo de estas características es la morfometría ya que brinda respuesta al régimen hidrológico y refleja las propiedades topográficas, geológicas y edafológicas de las cuencas. En este trabajo se determinó la morfometría de una cuenca para cuantificar el grado de vulnerabilidad a inundación mediante parámetros fisiográficos, geomorfológicos y mediante la red hidrográfica. Los resultados indican que es una cuenca de tamaño intermedia a pequeña, por su forma ligeramente ensanchada tiene una baja probabilidad de presentar precipitaciones intensas y simultáneas, sumando a esto, la cuenca presenta un Kc con valor de 1.76 lo cual indica que la cuenca es incapaz de concentrar grandes volúmenes de agua; esta presenta un drenaje con un nivel moderado lo que significa que es una cuenca con una respuesta media a un evento por precipitación.
ANTHRAX AND THE RISKS OF THE DISEASE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Chukayeva T. S.
Published: May 2023

this article presents the epizootic and epidemiological situation of anthrax in the Republic of Kazakhstan and abroad over the past three years (2020-2022). The possible risks of penetration and spread of this disease from outside the country are shown.
SELECTION OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE GENOTYPES OF SUGAR SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR L) FOR FURTHER USE IN PHYTOREMEDIATION OF SOILS FROM HEAVY METALS
Authors: Sagimbayeva A. M.
Published: May 2023

at the moment, soil pollution is the main environmental problem, which leads to a great need for the restoration of contaminated soils using the most appropriate and effective cleaning methods. Conventional remediation and bioremediation of contaminated sites usually involves the physical removal of pollutants or biological exposure with the help of microorganisms. Basic physical recovery strategies are expensive, non-specific, and often render the soil unsuitable for further use by disrupting the microenvironment. Due to these concerns, there has been increased interest in environmentally friendly and sustainable approaches, such as phytostabilization, phytoremediation and phytofiltration for cleaning contaminated sites. In this article, special attention is paid to the selection of highly productive genotypes of sugar sorghum for further use in phytoremediation of soils from heavy metals. Removal of heavy metals from the environment with the help of plants in the modern world is a very effective and highly profitable method. In this regard, the identification and study of promising plants is the basis of successful biotechnology. From this point of view, sorghum crops are attractive. They have properties such as resistance to extreme drought, heat and salt resistance
APPROVAL OF THE TEST-SYSTEM FOR THE INDICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS BY THE METHOD OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN THE “REAL TIME” MODE
Authors: Feoktistova N. , Suldina E. , Mastilenko A. , Lomakin A.
Published: May 2023

the article presents the results of studies on approbation of a test system for the indication and identification of microscopic fungi Aspergillus flavus by the polymerase chain reaction method with real-time detection. Using software Multiple Sequence Alignment Viewer 1.22.1 and UGENA 44.0. The test system for A. flavus includes specific primers: forward primer (f) 5’-3’ GGGCCCGCAGCAAGAATAC, reverse primer (r) 3’-5’ ACGAGTTGTCACCTTCCCGAGA; fluorescent dye: HEX, probe - CGGTTCGCTTTGGTCATCGT, quencher BHQ2. Reaction protocol: preliminary denaturation - 95 0C - 5 minutes (1 cycle); denaturation - 95 0C - 5 sec, annealing - 60 0C - 15 sec (50 cycles). Probe: AGCATAGGCTGATGCTCGTAGGC, fluorescent dye - ROX, quencher - BHQ-2. The sensitivity of the test system is 1000 cells. The optimal concentration of primers was set equal to 9 pM of each primer per reaction. The optimal probe concentration is 0.4 pM. The results obtained indicate that the use of dichotomous keys does not allow the most accurate differentiation of phytopathogenic fungi A. flavus. A new approach to the identification of isolates confirmed the belonging of 15 isolated strains to the species A. flavus out of 20 isolated from corn samples with signs that manifest themselves as root rot and wilting, and initially typed as Aspergillus based on the study of cultural and morphological properties. The study was carried out according to the thematic plan-task of the Ministry of agriculture of the Russian Federation, the registration number of the INIS RTD 122030200367-8.
MONITORING OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Bopi A. K. , Omarova Z. D. , Rystayeva R. A. , Tulendibayev A. B. , Argimbayeva T. U. , Alіbekova D. A. , Aubakir N. A. , Ermekbay T. T. , Serikbay A. A. , Orynbayev M. B. , Abeuov Kh. B.
Published: May 2023

This article presents data from monitoring studies on avian influenza in the northern regions of Kazakhstan. Collection of samples from domestic and wild birds was carried out in the northern regions of the Kazakhstan. Detection and typing of the influenza virus was carried out by PCR and sequencing. The biological activity of the isolated viruses was determined on 9-10 day old developing chicken embryos. As a result of the research, it was found that the cause of illness and death of birds in the farms of the Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions in 2021 is an avian influenza. Influenza A/H5N8 virus was found in samples from poultry delivered from farms in Akmola (53.8%) and North Kazakhstan (16.7%) regions, as well as in a sample from a wild goose that lived on Lake Koybagar in Kostanay region. Influenza viruses isolated from wild and domestic birds are classified as subtype A/H5N8 to Clade 2.3.4.4b along the Eurasian line II (Eurasian HPAIV H5N8 Lineage II). The spread of avian influenza in the population of wild and domestic birds in the northern regions of Kazakhstan requires the veterinary services to take measures for developing effective control measures based on molecular epidemiology data.