bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Синтез, антипролиферативная активность и действие на микротрубочки клеток карциномы A549 новых аналогов тубулокластина
Authors: Зефиров Николай Алексеевич , Евтеева Юлия Андреевна , Фаткулин Артемий Ренатович , Шульц Светлана , Кузнецов Сергей Анатольевич , Зефирова Ольга Николаевна
Published: June 2019

Комбретастатиновые миметики противоопухолевого вещества тубулокластина [N-(7-(адамант-2-илокси)-7-оксогептаноил)-N-дезацетилколхицина] получены этерификацией комбретастатина моноэфирами пимелиновой или адипиновой кислот с адамантан-2-олом или (адамантан-1-ил)метанолом. Эти конъюгаты стабильны, цитотоксичны к клеткам карциномы легких человека A549 (EC50  50 – 70 нМ), вызывают деполимеризацию микротрубочек и слабую кластеризацию тубулина. Аналоги тубулокластина c укороченными линкерными цепями получены амидированием моноэфиров адипиновой или янтарной кислот с адамантан-1-олом или (адамантан-1-ил)метанолом N-дезацетилколхицином. Конъюгат N-(6-(адамантил)-6-оксогексаноил)-N-дезацетилколхицин более активен (EC50  4 нМ), чем тубулокластин, и проявляет сильный тубулин-кластеризующий эффект. Все соединения серии вызывают апоптоз клеток A549. Сделан вывод о перспективности тестирования N-(6-(адамантил)-6-оксогексаноил)-N-дезацетилколхицина на экспериментальных моделях карциномы A549 in vivo.
Моделирование стадии десорбции в технологии лиофилизата гексаметиленамида бис-(N-моносукцинил-L-глутамил-L-лизина)
Authors: Блынская Евгения Викторовна , Тишков Сергей Валерьевич , Алексеев Константин Викторович , Минаев Сергей Викторович
Published: June 2019

Моделирование лиофилизации — наиболее удобный метод оптимизации стадии досушивания, поскольку даёт возможность при небольшом количестве экспериментов подобрать оптимальный температурный режим вторичной сушки и рассчитать продолжительность процесса в зависимости от условий процесса. Использовали простую смешанную математическую модель процесса в связи с возможностью экстраполяции данных, а также небольшим необходимым количеством экспериментов. Рассчитывали зависимость скорости сушки от температурных переменных факторов с постоянным общим давлением, а также возможность динамического подъёма температуры от величины остаточной влаги. Определяли наиболее оптимальный режим вторичной сушки, сравнивая между собой режимы сушки по производительности и проверяя воспроизводимость модели, сравнивая теоретические и экспериментальные значения остаточной влажности. Подо-брали наиболее подходящий режим досушивания лиофилизатов гексаметиленамид бис-(N-моносукцинил-L-глутамил-L-лизина) для инъекционного введения.
Schur-Convexity for a Class of Completely Symmetric Function Dual
Authors: Shi Huan-Nan , Du Wei-Shih
Published: June 2019

By using the decision theorem and properties of the Schur-convex function, the Schur-geometric convex function and the Schur-harmonic function, the Schur- convexity, Schur-geometric convexity and Schur-harmonic convexity of a class of complete symmetric functions are studied. As applications, some symmetric function inequalities are established.
What is Computer Science? The two crises of computer science.
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: June 2019

What is Computer Science? The two crises ofcomputer science. A second, habilitation thesis.
An new integral expression for the Bernoulli numbers and explicit formulas
Authors: Jha Sumit Kumar
Published: June 2019

In this brief note, we give, a possibly new, integral expression for the Bernoulli numbers involving the polylogarithm function. We use this to derive two explicit formulas for them in terms of the Stirling numbers of the second kind, and the Eulerian numbers.
“What is computer science? ” The original debates surrounding the birth of computer science and the myths born out of them (1960-1975) : a selected bibliography.
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: June 2019

This publication concludes our series “What is computer science? Ontwo crises.” Having covered, perhaps contributed to its current crisis, weturn at last to the original : the birth of computer science as a constituteddiscipline amidst questioned and defended scientificity in the 1960s and1970s. We give a summary of our previous findings as introduction, anda bibliography with helpers.
Areal parameter estimates from multiple datasets
Authors: Kennett Brian
Published: June 2019

A wide range of methods exist for interpolation between spatially distributed points drawn from a single population. Yet often multiple datasets are available with differing distribution, character and reliability. A simple scheme is introduced to allow the fusion of multiple datasets. Each dataset is assigned an a priori spatial influence zone around each point and a relative weight based on its physical character. The composite result at a specific location is a weighted combination of the spatial terms for all the available data points that make a significant contribution. It is therefore also useful for sparse observations that characterise a limited spatial zone, such as heat flow. The combination of multiple data sets is illustrated with the construction of a unified Moho surface in part of southern Australia from results exploiting a variety of different styles of analysis.
METODE GARIS LATERAL DALAM SCILAB DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM FISIKA PERTANIAN SERTA MATEMATIKA KEUANGAN
Authors: Garnadi Agah D.
Published: June 2019

Buku cilik (buklik)/buklet ini, tersusun atas 4 bab utama, serta 2 bab tambahan. Bab pertama membahas mengenai landasan matematis dari metode garis lateral, kemudian diikuti 2 bab implementasi secara rinci dalam Fisika Pertanian dan Matematika Keuangan. Sementara 2 bab tambahan berupa bab mengenai rutin utama masalah syarat batas PDB dalam Scilab dan ringkasan perintah Scilab yang penting untuk memahami metode garis lateral di Bab 2 dan 3.Berbagai studi kasus diberikan sebagai latihan. Studi kasus yang diberikan, berasal dari beberapa bidang yangberkaitan dengan aplikasi fisika pertanian dan Matematika Keuangan yang menjadi misi utama institusi. Bahkan beberapa studi kasus dirancang agar dapat digunakan untuk membantu penelitian mahasiswa S1/S2/S3,bahkan untuk penelitian yang sifatnya garda depan ({\it research frontier}).Buklik ini, tidak disiapkan menjadi buku daras ({\it text book}), tetapi dapat digunakan sebagai pelengkap bahan praktikum Komputasi Matematika, maupun untuk bahan belajar.
Relational processing demands and the role of spatial context in the construction of episodic simulations
Authors: Wiebels Kristina , Addis Donna Rose , Moreau David , van Mulukom Valerie , Onderdijk Kelsey Esmé , Roberts Reece Pierre
Published: June 2019

Reports on differences between remembering the past and imagining the future have led to the hypothesis that constructing future events is a more cognitively demanding process. However, factors that influence these increased demands, such as whether the event has been previously constructed and the types of details comprising the event, have remained relatively unexplored. Across two experiments, we examined how these factors influence the process of constructing event representations by having participants repeatedly construct events and measuring how construction times and a range of phenomenological ratings changed across time points. In Experiment 1, we contrasted the construction of past and future events and found that, relative to past events, the constructive demands associated with future events are particularly heightened when these events are imagined for the first time. Across repeated simulations, future events became increasingly similar to past events in terms of construction times and incorporated detail. In Experiment 2, participants imagined future events involving two memory details (person, location) and then reimagined the event either i) exactly the same, ii) with a different person, or iii) in a different location. We predicted that if generating spatial information is particularly important for event construction, a change in location will have the greatest impact on constructive demands. Results showed that spatial context contributed to these heightened constructive demands more so than person details, consistent with theories highlighting the central role of spatial processing in episodic simulation. We discuss the findings from both studies in the light of relational processing demands and consider implications for current theoretical frameworks.
Case Report: Report of Objective Clinical Responses in Patients with Brain Cancer to Pharmaceutical-Grade Synthetic Cannabidiol
Authors: Kenyon Julian
Published: June 2019

Background/Aim: Cannabinoids are widely used in the management of pain, nausea and cachexia in cancer patients. However, there has been no objective clinical evidence of any anticancer activity yet. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Pharmaceutical-Grade Synthetic Cannabidiol on a range of Brain Tumours Patients and Methods: We analysed the data routinely collected as part of our treatment program in 11 Brain Cancer patients over a four- year period. Results: Clinical responses were seen in all of these 11 patients, including a reduction in tumour size, as shown by repeat scans. There were no side effects of any kind observed when using Pharmaceutical-Grade Synthetic Cannabidiol. Pharmaceutical-Grade Synthetic Cannabidiol was supplied by STI Pharmaceuticals. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical-Grade Synthetic Cannabidiol is a candidate for treating glioma patients.
Auto Fluorescent Cells, Including Mesenchymal Stem Cells, are Indeed Amenable to Flow Cytometric Analyses
Authors: Gallon Alex , Root Jacob , Watson Laura
Published: June 2019

Flow cytometric analysis is a valuable technique for identification and characterization of cells. However, flow cytometric analysis of auto fluorescent cells requires careful consideration. In particular, the outcome of fluorescence compensation in the presence of significant autofluorescence poses a challenge to the interpretation of multicolor flow cytometric data. In this paper, we explain the mathematical basis of fluorescence compensation and the effects of autofluorescence, both in theory and applied to mesenchymal stem cells, which are notoriously auto fluorescent. We illustrate how failure to understand the consequences of compensation can easily lead to critical errors in data interpretation, particularly when autofluorescence is involved. In the process, the common pitfalls of flow cytometric analysis of mesenchymal stem cells are presented, as are the simple measures necessary to avoid them. Specifically, the counterintuitive concept of "negative fluorescence values" is explained and exemplified, and the phenomenon of "population broadening" is addressed. Researchers must be acutely aware of the effects of compensation on the positioning of cells. We recommend always displaying data in biexponential or logical transformations and advice to include fluorescence-minus-one controls to establish thresholds of positivity.
The Constantly Highly Expression of Limbal Stromal Cells Compared to the Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Foreskin Fibroblasts
Authors: Srinivas Ampati , Pavan Kumar Kokkula , Chilukala Swathi
Published: June 2019

Limbal epithelial stem cells (LESC) have great potential in treating the blindness caused by corneal damage. LESC are maintained in stem cell niche called Palisade of Vogt. Limbal stromal (LS) cells are critical component of LESC niche and help in their self renewal. These cells resemble mesenchymal stromal/stem cells with multilineage differentiation potential. However little is known about their gene expression profile compared to MSC derived from various sources.
Feasibility and Reliability of a Developed and Validated Forensic Recording Form for Firearm Injury
Authors: Sripong Kittisak , Samai Wirachai , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan
Published: June 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a forensic recording form for firearm injuries and test the feasibility and reliability of its application. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The first version was developed using knowledge from the literature search and was checked for validity by 3 forensic physicians using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Feasibility was tested among physicians working at 4 district hospitals. Its reliability was analyzed by 2 forensic physicians using prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted kappa. Results: The validity of a developed recording form for firearm injuries was good, with a CVI of 0.8. All items were rated to be feasible, and the format of the recording was rated from good to excellent. The reliabilities ranged from poor agreement to perfect agreement. After considering the validity, feasibility and reliability tests, a final, forensic recording form was established. Conclusion: A systematically constructed forensic recording form for firearm injuries, for any physicians, with less experience in the field of gunshot cases, was developed. This form will be helpful in assisting physicians in the completion of information for any gunshot cases, which may decrease the consequences from incomplete information.
Robust Optimization of Road Vehicle Suspension Considering the Variation of Tire Vertical Stiffness
Authors: Yang Liunan , Ballo Federico , Previati Giorgio , Gobbi Massimiliano
Published: June 2019

Tire vertical stiffness is influenced by many factors. The inflation pressure, tire dimension, and usage of run-flat tire are considered in this paper. Robust multi-objective optimization technique is used to optimize the suspension performance considering the variation of the tire vertical stiffness. Three objective functions, discomfort, road holding, and working space are used to evaluate the dynamic behavior of the suspension considering a two-degree-of-freedom quarter-car model excited by a random road profile. The Pareto-optimal solutions in terms of suspension spring stiffness and damping coefficient are obtained and compared with the one computed by means of a deterministic approach. Solutions obtained by means of the robust optimization method are proven to be less sensitive to the possible variations of the tire vertical stiffness without influencing significantly the expected performance.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES AND WEAR RATE OF ALUMINUM MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITE (AMNC) OF AA7100/Al2O3
Authors: Hasan Athraa S , Oudah Manal K , Faraj Sahar R , Al-Alkawi Hussain J.M
Published: June 2019

In this study AA7100/6wt% Al2O3 metal matrix composite (AMMS) wassuccessfully manufactured using stir casting route. The influence of 6wt% Al2O3content on microstructure, electrical properties and wearresistance were investigated . The microstructure of composite revealed thathomogeneity of Al2O3 particles in the matrix and also the reinforcement ofgrains compared to matrix grains. The homogeneity and reinforcement can beattributed to enhance the electrical and wear properties and this perhaps coulddue to efficiency of stirring process during the casting. The 6wt% Al2O3content shifted the conductivity and permittivity from reducing in matrix toincreasing in the composite when the frequency increased. The wear resistancewas improved due to addition of  6wt% Al2O3 compared to matrix.
EFFECT OF SiO2 NANOPARTICLES ADDED TO DIESEL FUEL ON THE PERFORMANCE AND POLLUTANT EMISSIONS OF A FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Abdulhaleem Samer M
Published: June 2019

Experimental work has been conducted using silica oxide SiO2 nanoparticle as anadditive to diesel fuel in a compression ignition engine in order to reduce pollutantsemissions and to improve engine performance. A 10 ppm and 20 ppm of SiO2 nanoparticleis added to the diesel fuel. The results showed that the SiO2 nanoparticle blended with dieselfuel improve engine performance such as brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuelconsumption, increase in exhaust gas temperature and reduces carbon monoxide, andunburned hydrocarbon emissions. Also the results showed that the blend of the SiO2nanoparticle to diesel fuel led to increase in the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gases. Thetests are carried out at constant speed of 1500 rpm, under different engine load conditions.
Exploring Alternate Notations for Partial Differentials
Authors: Bartlett Jonathan
Published: June 2019

Previous work has extended the algebraic manipulability of total differentials.  Here, we explore alternate notations for partial differentials which will allow for their algebraic manipulability.
Damned if You Do and Damned if You Don't
Authors: Dilley Steve , Tafacory Nicholas
Published: June 2019

We argue that a number of biology (and evolution) textbooks face a crippling dilemma. On the one hand, significant difficulties arise if textbooks include theological claims in their case for evolution. (Such claims include, for example, ‘God would never design a suboptimal panda’s thumb, but an imperfect structure is just what we’d expect on natural selection.’)  On the other hand, significant difficulties arise if textbooks exclude theological claims in their case for evolution.  So, whether textbooks include or exclude theological claims, they face debilitating problems. We attempt to establish this thesis by examining 32 biology (and evolution) textbooks, including the Big 12—that is, the top four in each of the key undergraduate categories (biology majors, non-majors, and evolution courses). In Section 2 of our article, we analyze three specific types of theology these texts use to justify evolutionary theory. We argue that all face significant difficulties. In Section 3, we step back from concrete cases and, instead, explore broader problems created by having theology in general in biology textbooks. We argue that the presence of theology—of whatever kind—comes at a significant cost, one that some textbook authors are likely unwilling to pay.  In Section 4, we consider the alternative: Why not simply get rid of theology? Why not just ignore it? In reply, we marshal a range of arguments why avoiding God-talk raises troubles of its own. Finally, in Section 5, we bring together the collective arguments in Sections 2-4 to argue that biology textbooks face an intractable dilemma.  We underscore this difficulty by examining a common approach that some textbooks use to solve this predicament. We argue that this approach turns out to be incoherent and self-serving. The poor performance of textbooks on this point highlights just how deep the difficulty is. In the end, the overall dilemma remains.
The Possibility of Spontaneous Generation of Self-Replicating Systems
Authors: Prok Gary
Published: June 2019

The minimal implementation of a self-replicating system in the Lambda calculus is given with a goal of establishing a lower bound for the probabilities of the spontaneous generation of self-replication systems.
Evasão escolar como desafio contemporâneo à Escola de Ensino Médio Luiz Girão, em Maranguape-CE
Authors: Silva Francisco Euguenys Medeiros da , Silva Solonildo Almeida da , Jucá Sandro César Silveira , Monteiro Aldayr de Oliveira , Lemos Pedro Bruno Silva , Rocha Paulo César da Silva
Published: June 2019

O artigo apresenta a problemática da evasão na Escola de Ensino Médio Luiz Girão, situada no município de Maranguape no Estado do Ceará, no Brasil. A nossa investigação reporta-se ao período entre os anos de 2013 e 2017. A evasão escolar engendra discussões com ênfase nas turmas de 1ª série do ensino médio, etapa conclusiva da educação básica, no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada para a análise desse fenômeno deu–se através de um estudo de caso, tomando como referência a pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa aplicada, utilizando a técnica do questionário, realizado com 15 (quinze) discentes evadidos entre os anos de 2013 e 2017, que retornaram à Escola após o quadriênio. Como pergunta central, tem-se: “Quais as reais motivações que levaram a sua evasão na educação básica, especialmente na 1ª série do Ensino Médio?”. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer algumas das causas que contribuíram para o abandono escolar e consequente evasão de um determinado número de alunos da 1ª série do Ensino Médio. Os resultados apontam que as causas da evasão em 40% refletem condicionantes externos ao ambiente escolar, isto é, foram causas relacionadas às questões de emprego, trabalho, renda, saúde. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo de caso constatou que as premissas da evasão são multifatoriais e reverberam para a retenção escolar.
Plano de Agricultura de Baixo Carbono (ABC): uma revisão bibliométrica voltada para o estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Fernandes Thaiany , Inoue Miriam Hiroko , Fernandes Thiago
Published: June 2019

Desde o início das convenções internacionais para tratar dos assuntos climáticos, diversos debates e tentativas de esforços vem sendo feitos para que se amenizem os impactos ambientais no mundo. Dentre os vários planos, no Brasil, foi criado o Plano de Agricultura de Baixo Carbono – Plano ABC, que tem por finalidade reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa na agricultura. Assim, descrever algumas características das produções científicas relacionadas ao Plano e ao Programa ABC, em um contexto voltado para o estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de um levantamento bibliométrico, além de analisar a atividade científica e identificar as tendências das publicações com esta temática. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados do Dimensions e no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, considerando como critérios de inclusão: (i) informações gerais sobre o Plano ABC; (ii) dados sobre aplicação e desenvolvimento do Plano e Programa ABC no Brasil e (iii) dados sobre aplicação e desenvolvimento do Plano e Programa ABC no estado de Mato Grosso, entre os anos de 2014 e 2018, nos idiomas Português e Inglês. Foram excluídos documentos e monografias. Os resultados indicaram que, no ano de 2016, houve um aumento da produtividade agrícola associada à baixa emissão de Gases do Efeito Estufa (GEE), concomitantemente a uma alta nos investimentos no Plano ABC em Mato Grosso, mostrando um crescente aumento da produção científica dessa temática. Por fim, com a revisão, evidencia-se que os incentivos ao Plano ABC foram relevantes, entretanto, este ainda não possui representatividade para a produção agrícola do estado, em virtude da concentração de recursos.
O Painel Semântico como Recurso Didático Inovador no Ensino Superior
Authors: Cheiram Maryeli Corrêa , Carlesso Janaína Pereira Pretto
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo visa apresentar o Painel Semântico como recurso didático inovador no contexto do ensino. O estudo realizado teve como objetivo apresentar o Painel Semântico, técnica metodológica projetual do design, como recurso didático aplicado numa turma de alunos do ensino superior de uma instituição privada de ensino localizada na cidade de Santa Maria, RS. O tipo de pesquisa que foi realizada neste estudo é uma pesquisa-ação de caráter qualitativo. Os resultados do estudo apontaram que a aplicação do Painel Semântico, como recurso didático possibilitou a relação da teoria com a prática, a capacidade de planejar, criar, de desenvolver potencialidades, expor, discutir e refletir ideias em grupo, além de motivação e envolvimento dos alunos para o desenvolvimento da atividade proposta. Conclui-se que a promover a inovação na sala de aula por meio de recursos didáticos práticos através de temas geradores são parte de uma proposta de ensino criativo, que podem chamar a atenção dos educandos para os conteúdos estudados em sala de aula, pois é dado espaço para que os mesmos se desenvolvam, assim podem tornar-se mais críticos e protagonistas do seu processo de ensino aprendizagem em sala de aula.
A Study on the Transformative Public Library Usage of the Second Semester Students of STKIP Muhammadiyah Enrekang
Authors: Sarmita Ita , Ismail Ismail
Published: June 2019

This study was aimed at knowing the extent to which the use of the transformative public library of the second semester students of STKIP Muhammadiyah Enrekang. The subjects of the study were the second semester students of STKIP Muhammadiyah Enrekang in primary school teacher education department. The data was collected through interview. The result shows that the students use the transformative public library in three purposes. The first is as a media to do the assignment from the campus. The second is to read interesting books. The third is to participate in a book fair. Yet, there are some students who never use the facilities given by the public library since they never go there.
Retailing in Electronic Commerce: Travel and Tourism Services Online
Authors: Mustakim Mustakim
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the emergence of new tourism services and products, coupled with a rapid increase in tourism demand, have driven the wide-scale adoption of ITs in general, and in particular, the Internet as an electronic intermediary. In other words, the Internet serves as a new communication and distribution channel for e-travelers and suppliers of travel services and products. This new channel also enables tourism businesses to improve their competitiveness and performance. The aim of this paper is to highlight how retailing in e-commerce (travel tourism service online) according to the experts is, special services, such as wireless services, direct marketing, alliances and consortia, benefits and limitation of travel online service, the impact of EC on the travel industry, corporate travel and intelligent agents in travel services.
Improving the students’ writing proficiency through collaborative writing Method
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Ramadhan Ramadhan
Published: June 2019

Purposes: The objective of the research was intended to know the improvement of the students’ proficiency in writing through collaborative writing method at second year students’ of SMA Muhammadiyah Kalosi, Enrekang regency. Methodology: The method of this research is classroom action research consisted of two cycles. The population of this research is all students grade eight at Senior high school; they were 350 students and as a sample of this research consist of ten percent from the population. There were two kinds of data on this research namely qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data showed that students’ interest in writing descriptive because they can write collaboratively, knowledge sharing and critical thinking in teaching and learning process. Quantitative data showed us the improvement from the first up to the last test, the improvement occurred continuously. Findings: The finding of the research was students’ improvement in cycle I of content was17.25% became 19.37%. The students’ improvement of organization was 19.71% in cycle 1 and it became 20.42% in cycle 2. The students’ improvement of vocabulary was 13.54% in cycle 1 and it became 14.09% in cycle 2. The students’ improvement of language use was 14.71% in cycle 1 and it became 16.63% in cycle 2, and the students’ improvement of mechanics was 3.42% in cycle 1 and it became 3.72% in cycle 2. Implication: It describes us that there was an improvement on students’ proficiency by implementing collaborative writing method.
History in the Light of Spirituality
Authors: Ilnytskyi Mykola
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with the historic novels written by Ukrainian writer Roman Ivanychuk in 1960s – 1980s. The emphasis is given to the peculiarities that distinguish his works among the similar novels on the Ukrainian history written at the same period. The researcher sees the main difference in the fact that R.Ivanychuk focused not so much on the heroic acts of his characters as on their characteristics of representatives of the epoch. He paid the most attention to the spiritual awakening of the nation being under pressure of the forced assimilation and in danger of extinction. These features of the historic novels by this writer were already noticeable in his first novel “Malvy” (“Mallows”, 1968). The work focused on the problem of “janissaries”, especially relevant at that time. It was interpreted as the loss of historical memory and national identity on the one hand, and the inevitable end of the empire that exploits enslaved neighbors on the other. The aesthetic symbolism is realized in the image of a luxuriant plane tree which is drained by mistletoe, with the fatal end of a tree. The symbolism of this image is related to the idea of the Arabic philosopher of the 16th cent. Ibn Khaldun who stated that decline of an empire is caused by the loss of its vital sources.

          The novels “Cherlene vyno” (“Red Wine”, 1977) and “The Manuscript from Ruska Street” (1979) contain the aesthetic models that sound in tune with the scholarly ideas of contemporary historians (O. Apanovych, Y. Isaievych, M. Braichesvkyi). In particular it was the interest to the development of the education system and research studies, emergence of Brotherhood schools and book printing. Historic novels by R.Ivanychuk emphasize the conflict between the Artist and the system of ruling power (“Shramy na Skali”/“Scars on Rock”, 1982), where one can see allusions to the movement of the Sixtiers. The writer raised the problem of the moral choice between strict loyalty to the principles and the compromise. Then he explored the limits of justifying the compromise.
Novel “Do Oxen Low When Their Manger Is Full?” History of Creation
Authors: Ushkalov Leonid
Published: June 2019

The essay traces the collaboration of brothers Panas and Ivan Rudchenkos (in history of the Ukrainian literature they are known under the pseudonyms Panas Myrnyi and Ivan Bilyk) in writing the novel “Do Oxen Low When Their Manger Is Full?” The researcher showed how Ivan Bilyk’s views on literature and his social deterministic outlook influenced the conception and structure of the work. The essay also analyzes the instructions and suggestions of the elder brother, Panas Myrnyi, on the stylistics and composition of the work, his contribution to creating and editing the text. An additional attention is paid to the later critical comments on the novel.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Pressure Ulcers in a Tunisian University Hospital
Authors: Ghali Héla , Chouket Rami , Cheikh Asma Ben , Khéfacha Salwa , Dhidah Lamine , Rejeb Mohamed Ben , Said Latiri Houyem
Published: June 2019

Background: Pressure ulcers are a major problem both in our context than in studies conducted around the world. In Tunisia, few studies have focused on estimating their extent.
Aim: To estimate the incidence of pressure ulcers in some at-risk departments of the Hospital of Sahloul and to identify the associated risk factors.
Methods: We carried out a longitudinal study in the departments of Anesthesia-Resuscitation, Internal Medicine, and Aesthetic and Restorative Surgery at the Hospital of Sahloul during 3 months from October the 1st until December 31st, 2015.
Results: Overall, 150 patients were eligible. Their mean age was 46.1 ± 20.2 years. The sex ratio was 1.94. In our study, 29 patients had pressure ulcers, which represented a patient incidence of 19.3% (95% CI: [13-25.3]). In addition, 56 episodes of pressure ulcers were observed in these patients, resulting in a pressure ulcer incidence of 37% (95% CI: [29.3-44.7]) and incidence density of 2.3 episodes per 1000 days of
hospitalization. The most frequent locations were the heels followed by the buttocks. In multivariate analysis, polytrauma (p=0.048) and disorders of higher functions (p<10-3) were found as independent risk factors for pressure ulcer occurrence. Regarding the evaluation of different pressure screening scores, Braden had the best sensitivity-specificity pair.
Conclusion: Our results highlight the extent of the problem of pressure ulcers in our hospital. The fight against the occurrence of this complication requires a good management of traumatized and patients with a disorder of the higher functions based on the recommendations concerning the rehabilitation and the nutrition.
Intraarticular corticosteroid injections in the management of osteoarthritis knee
Authors: Hussain Shahid , Qayoom Asif , Ahmad Manzoor
Published: June 2019

Objective:- The aim of the study was to assess therapeutic efficacy, adverse events and patient satisfaction of intraarticular (IA) corticosteroid injections for knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods:- Thirty-two (96) patients with OA of the knee participated in the present study. The inclusion criteria included (1) Resting visual analog scale pain >50 mm (2) Radiographic evidence for osteoarthritis (as per Kellgren-Lawrence scale) plus;  age ≥50yrs, morning stiffness ≤ 30 min and crepitus on motion. Baseline Western Ontario and MacMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analogue score (VAS) were documented. Patients received intra-articular injections of triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg in the affected knee. The patients were reviewed at 1 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks post-injection with final analysis at 3 months. Use of over the counter analgesia in the form of acetaminophen was allowed for concomitant analgesia.

 Results:- Ninety-six patients (male =45, female=51) with   mean age of  50±5 years (range 45-55); duration of symptoms 5.7 ± 0.5 years and mean body mass index (BMI) 29.4kg/m2 were available at final follow-up. The VAS scores at baseline were:- at rest=71 and after 30 meter walk=80 and improved to 35 and 40, respectively. Improvement in pain and disability based on the WOMAC scores were significant. The overall efficacy “Knee Society Score” was judged as excellent in 56.25%, satisfactory in 21.87%, fair in 18.75%, and poor in 3.12%. The beneficial effects stayed till 4-6 weeks.

Conclusion:- Intra-articular steroid injections for knee OA is safe and effective. The symptomatic relief is prompt, particularly in presence of inflammation (Effusion/synovitis). Proper patient selection and aseptic precautions yield satisfactory results. The need for concomitant analgesia is reduced.
Pure Primary Extragonadal Yolk Sac Tumor involving stomach in a Young Child: A Case Report
Authors: Guru Faisal R , Zaffar Saquib , Noor Huma , Gull Salma , Bhat Gull Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Germ Cell Tumors (GCTs)  constitute approximately only 3% of all malignancies in children younger than 15 years of age. Primary extragonadal GCTs constitute only 1-5% of all GCTs and a retroperitoneal site is seen only in 4% of all extragonadal GCTs. Yolk sac tumor is the predominant variant in newborns and younger children. GCTs of stomach are very very rare.We report for the first time, the presentation of a primary yolk sac tumor arising from the stomach of a small child.
Comparison of Percutaneous versus Open Surgical techniques for placement of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters
Authors: Wani Imtiyaz Ahmad , Sheikh Rayees Yousuf , Wani Muzafar Masood , Hamid Arif , Bhat Gh Mohammad , Bhat Nucksheeba Aziz
Published: June 2019

Background: Nephrologists have used percutaneous placements of peritoneal dialysis catheters (PDCs) with or without fluoroscopic guidance. PDCs are also placed using mini-laparotomy and laparoscopic techniques by surgeons. Percutaneous PDC placement by nephrologists is a simple, non-invasive technique with minimum intraoperative morbidity. We compared operative and immediate complications of PDCs using percutaneous versus open surgical mode of insertion.

Methods: Data of all patients entering into CAPD programme in our center between July 2011 to July 2015 was collected. A total of 377 PDCs had been inserted over 48 months in 358 patients. Of 377 catheters inserted, 224 had been inserted by percutaneous method and 153 by surgical technique.

Results: Wound hematoma developed in 3.5% of percutaneously placed catheters vs 2.6% of catheters placed by surgical technique, p-0.061. Haemorrhagic effluent was seen in 4.46% of percutaneously placed catheters vs 3.92% of surgically placed catheters, p-0.068. Bowel injury occurred in 1.33% of percutaneously placed catheters vs 0.65% of surgically placed catheters, p-0159. Dialysate leak occurred in 2.6% of catheters placed percutaneously vs 6.5% of catheters placed by surgical technique, p-0.068. Percutaneous PDC allowed a significantly shorter hospital stay, smaller wound size and less break-in period

Conclusions: Percutaneously placed CAPD catheters by nephrologists ensues significantly less hospital stay, small sized incision, lesser break-in period and less post-surgical morbidity as compared with surgically placed catheters. Percutaneous PDC placement is minimally invasive, safe, less time consuming and dependable peritoneal access technique.
Role of NIB in connecting science to patients by assuring safe and quality anti diabetic products
Authors: Bindra Gurminder , Kamal Charu Mehra , Kumari Meena , Mendiratta Sanjay , Sharma Preety , Singh Surinder
Published: June 2019

In India burden of diabetes is increasing and expected to cross the 100 million mark by 2030. Therefore, the development of national policies for the prevention, treatment, and care of diabetes in line with the sustainable development of health care systems is the need of the hour. National Institute of Biologicals (NIB) responsibly assures and reviews the quality of Biological products to the end users by weeding out “Not-of-Standard-Quality” Biological Medicines from reaching Indian market,   thereby safeguarding the Public Health by testing at our state-of-art-laboratory. NIB receives samples from various sources such as State Port offices, Central Drug Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), Stakeholders of biotherapeutic manufacturers, legal & global tender samples. They are tested by pharmacopoeial methods or manufacturer’s method for Key Quality Attributes (KQA). The heterogeneity of products involves human recombinant biotherapeutic Insulin, Insulin Analogues, and Peptides of nearly 20 different types eg. Biphasic Insulin, Glargine, Aspart, Exenatide, Liraglutide, etc. which have their global presence for the antidiabetic patient care. Testing for quality attributes such as Identification, Potency, Purity, Stability, Related Impurity and Safety parameters along with the physiochemical test is carried out to ensure the safety, quality, and effectiveness of the product.  In addition, reference standards are also being developed at NIB which serves as the measurement standards and complements the written standards in India pharmacopeia. All the testing is carried out strictly adhering to the timelines so that the quality product is delivered to meet the ever-growing public health challenge

NIB maintains quality systems of ISO 17025 standards for continuous improvement, function as Central Drugs Laboratory(CDL). It focuses on a continuous supply of lifesaving biotherapeutics to ensure the success of the Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) programme for Diabetes.
Bisphosphonates in clinical practice
Authors: Rather Bilal Ahmad , Bhat Sajad A
Published: June 2019

Bisphosphonates are analogues of pyrophosphate where P-C-P forms the core of molecule in place of P-O-P.They suppress resorption of bone while itself getting absorbed to hydroxyapetite of bone. These  are classified into three generations according to modifications in side chain. Bisphosphonates are widely used for osteoporosis, hypercalcemia of malignancy, Paget's disease of bone etc.
A Fundação da cidade de Belém inventada pelos pinceis artísticos
Authors: Chaves Igor Gonçalves
Published: June 2019

Este texto aborda a história da Amazônia artisticamente construída por Theodoro José da Silva Braga e exposta ao público no ano de 1908 como a “Fundação da Cidade de Belém”. A criação dessa obra iconográfica se dá no período da intendência de Antônio José de Lemos e pouco mais de uma década após o início da República no Brasil. Trata-se de um contexto profícuo para a produção das artes visuais na cidade de Belém, sendo que o pintor Theodoro Braga se destaca no mundo das artes e da intelectualidade belenense no início do século XX.
Para além do bestializado:
Authors: Braga Flávia Bruna Ribeiro da Silva
Published: June 2019

O povo, na visão dos liberais exaltados e dos republicanos, configurava a parcela da população livre, trabalhadora, excluída do processo político do governo. Assim a República foi tida como o regime de governo que abarcava perfeitamente as aspirações e desejos desse povo, que viria a ser seu soberano. Entretanto, a história brasileira comumente analisa o período de propaganda republicana e, posteriormente, a Proclamação, como distantes do povo, este apático e indiferente aos destinos do país. Neste artigo analisaremos a construção historiográfica acerca desta suposta indiferença e como outras linhas de interpretação podem nos dar visões completamente diversas acerca do povo perante a República.
“A questão social é um caso de polícia”:
Authors: Rosemberg André
Published: June 2019

Este artigo divide-se em duas partes: na primeira, analisa o processo de formação da polícia paulista na Primeira República, tendo como mote o aforismo pretensamente atribuído a Washington Luiz: “a questão social é um caso de polícia”. Pretende-se a partir desse clichê identificar uma chave interpretativa para se compreender aspectos semelhantes da função social da polícia naquele período com o tempo atual. Na segunda parte, o texto especula sobre a complexidade dos mandatos policiais, a partir de instrumentos teórico-metodológicos da Sociologia, numa tentativa de problematizar o móvel da ação policial.
Calamidade pública em uma cidade submersa:
Authors: Mateus Elias Theodor
Published: June 2019

De norte a sul, o país sofreu com as fortes chuvas de março de 1974. Em alguns casos, acarretaram em trágicas inundações. De todas as regiões atingidas, o sul de Santa Catarina sofreu o maior impacto. À medida que a região ganhava centralidade nas preocupações do Executivo Federal, protagonizava também nas páginas dos periódicos de grande circulação. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como a grande imprensa (em especial a Folha de S. Paulo e o Jornal do Brasil) tratou dos desastres naquele momento, compondo uma narrativa que representava o cenário destruído e o drama dos desabrigados. A análise das fontes sugere, assim, que a grande imprensa desempenhou um papel decisivo na elaboração de discursos acerca da catástrofe.
Detenções sem motivo:
Authors: Lazarim Anita de Souza
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo propõe uma análise das centenas de casos de pessoas que foram encarceradas sem o preenchimento do motivo de prisão nos registros de entrada na Casa de Detenção da Corte do Rio de Janeiro durante a segunda metade do século XIX. Trata-se de uma ocorrência irregular, um descumprimento de princípios legais e do próprio regulamento da instituição. Os relatórios das autoridades e os jornais permitem diferentes olhares sobre a questão. Os registros prisionais são uma fonte documental que reúne muitas informações sobre a população marginalizada e pobre da cidade, permitindo o estudo do perfil desses sujeitos detidos. Essa pesquisa também busca analisar aspectos mais amplos das dinâmicas e práticas da Casa de Detenção da Corte e sua relação com o espaço da cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
As jornadas revolucionárias de 1848:
Authors: Lima Sérgio Cruz de Castro
Published: June 2019

Alexis de Tocqueville e Karl Marx foram dois dos principais analistas da Revolução de 1848 na França. O primeiro, verificou no retraimento da participação política e na consequente centralização do poder, um dos aspectos primordiais que culminaram no processo revolucionário; o segundo, por sua vez, preocupou-se em analisar a participação proletária na Revolução e das demais classes sociais, trazendo à tona um pensamento inerente ao âmbito político. Este artigo objetiva analisar a Revolução de 1848 na França pela ótica dos dois pensadores.
O semanário Marcha, Carlos Quijano e a configuração de um circuito cultural de resistência no Uruguai (anos 1960-70)
Authors: Villaça Mariana
Published: June 2019

O semanário uruguaio Marcha, principal publicação da editora de mesmo nome, dirigida por Carlos Quijano, exerceu papel fundamental na consolidação de um circuito de resistência cultural naquele país, no contexto de acirramento do autoritarismo que marcou o governo de Pacheco Areco e culminou na instauração de um regime civil-militar em 1973. Partimos da hipótese de que Marcha exerceu papel de agente e formulador de uma política cultural responsável pela sedimentação desse circuito e de uma hegemonia cultural de esquerda. No presente trabalho, focamos a importância da trajetória de Carlos Quijano para a compreensão histórica do perfil de Marcha e da política cultural empreendida por esse organismo. Também destacamos, a fim de mapear a natureza dessa política cultural, alguns eventos e ações apoiados por Marcha que contribuíram, por um lado, para consolidar seu papel de pólo de resistência política e, por outro, reforçar vínculos culturais com países vizinhos, em uma perspectiva de afirmação do latino-americanismo, o qual, a partir de então, se torna um vetor influente na ressignificação da identidade uruguaia experimentada nos anos 1970.
Invasão viking na atual historiografia brasileira
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Vilar
Published: June 2019

x
“BOMBA EXPLODE NA CABEÇA ESTRAÇALHA LADRÃO / FRITOU LOGO O NEURÔNIO QUE APAZIGUA A RAZÃO”:
Authors: Miguel Lievin de Souza Britez Pontes
Published: June 2019

Este texto tem como objeto de estudo o filme Branco sai, preto fica, produção brasileira dirigida por Adirley Queirós e lançada nos cinemas em 2015. Consiste em uma análise de temporalidades, de conceitos e da estética cinematográfica presentes na obra com o objetivo de observar de que forma esses elementos definem as relações espaço-temporais e socioespaciais que constroem a narrativa de ficção-científica contemporânea do filme e que também se constituem como os eixos centrais de Branco sai, preto fica.
ENTRE O DEMÔNIO E A DIVINA PROVIDÊNCIA:
Authors: Santana Juan Pablo Isoton de
Published: June 2019

Esta nota de pesquisa apresenta a análise de uma crônica histórica produzida por um missionário jesuíta das missões religiosas de Chiquitos. Partindo da hipótese de que os elementos sobrenaturais (demônio e a Divina Providência) são relevantes na estruturação das relações sociais nas reduções jesuíticas estudadas, e tendo como base o estudo de bibliografia especializada sobre a temática da agência sobrenatural na América, buscamos compreender de que modo o Padre Juan Patrício Fernandez (Chiquitos, fim do XVII e início do XVIII) concebe a influência dos agentes sobrenaturais no processo de cristianização dos nativos das colônias espanholas em território americano e na sua respectiva ordenação social.
HERANÇA AUTORITÁRIA E A “ESTADANIA”:
Authors: Costaguta Gabriel Duarte , Bruno Daniel Machado
Published: June 2019

Pensar o Brasil contemporâneo sob a dimensão da agenda de problemas políticos concernentes à sociedade brasileira – em torno de dilemas estruturantes da sua história como a busca da modernização econômica, o diagnóstico da desigualdade social e do autoritarismo político – requer um exercício de compreensão histórica de questões e temas que se presentificam na história contemporânea. A esse respeito, analisar a temática da cidadania em torno do desenho institucional do Estado brasileiro – diante da conjuntura histórica da Primeira República e do primeiro período de Vargas no poder (1930-45) – em sua relação com a sociedade civil, e propor uma breve reflexão acerca da possibilidade de formulação de um projeto político progressista para o país constitui o núcleo substantivo do artigo proposto.