bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variable Angle Locking Compression Plate as Alternative Fixation for Jones Fractures:
Authors: Miller Kaylee A. , Chong Alexander C.M. , Uglem Timothy P.
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Jones fractures pose many challenges for the treatingsurgeon and can cause significant disability for some patients. Theaim of this study was to review the results of using a variable anglelocking compression plate as an alternative fixation method in thetreatment of Jones fractures.Methods.xA retrospective chart review was conducted of patientswho had undergone fixation of Jones fracture with a variable anglelocking compression plate from September 2012 through February2016. Radiographs of the preoperative and six-week postoperativeand postoperative follow-up outcomes, including complication andhardware removal, were collected.Results. Twenty-three cases met the inclusion/exclusion criteria.The overall bony union rate was 96% at six-week postoperative and100% at 20-week postoperative. Mean age was 30 ± 16 years, andmean BMI was 30.7 ± 5.2 kg/m2. Three patients (13%) had plateremoval: two (9%) were due to irritation caused by shoe wearing andone patient (4%) had a skin infection (cellulitis) which was treatedwith intravenous antibiotics. One patient (4%) had developed deepvein thrombosis (DVT) that was resolved with anticoagulant withoutimplant removal. No fixation loss and no associated complicationsdeveloped from implant removal.Conclusions. Based on our limited experience, this study providedevidence that the variable angle locking compression plate may be analternative form of fixation for Jones fractures with a low complicationrate. This procedure seemed to provide a safe, reliable methodthat can achieve an anatomic reduction, stable fixation, rapid healing,and good results in the treatment of Jones fractures.Kans J Med 2019;12(2):28-32.
Peptide Desalting with a Vacuum Manifold v1
Authors: E Hardman Rebecca , A Lewis Jeffrey , Stuecker Tara
Published: August 2019

Desalting of peptides is an essential step for mass spectrometry workflows. We detail the steps for medium-throughput desalting (10-20 samples) with Oasis HLB Cartidges.
Primary Human Fibroblast Cell Culture v1
Authors: Kumar Aparna , Zafar Faria , Schuele Birgitt
Published: August 2019

Growing and maintaining primary human skin fibroblast cell cultures. Additional links for protocols can be found: https://www.coriell.org/0/PDF/Fibroblast_Culture_FAQ.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23852182
Use of Health Improvement Card by Chinese physical therapy students: A pilot study v1
Authors: YM YM YM Jones Alice , Wu XB , Bai YW , Han Jia , Dean Elizabeth
Published: August 2019

This protocol describes the methods for a study aimed to investigate perceptions of Chinese physical therapy students on the use of the Health Improvement Care (HIC) as a clinical tool to assess lifestyle behaviors/attributes and provide lifestyle education advice to others. Title of the study: Use of Health Improvement Card by Chinese physical therapy students: A pilot study. Xubo Wu, Alice YM Jones, Yiwen Bai, Jia Han, Elizabeth Dean.
Stranded Transcript Count Table Generation from Long Reads v7
Authors: A Eccles David
Published: August 2019

This protocol is for comparing different samples at the transcript level, using long reads that are mapped to transcripts. Input(s): demultiplexed and oriented fastq files (see protocol Preparing Reads for Stranded Mapping), transcript reference fasta file, annotation file Output(s): transcript table, sorted by differential coverage, annotated with gene name / description / location
Outcome of triage results between two groups of interns subjected to different model of simulation
Authors: Pereira Jeevan , Dutt Raghavendra Aswini , Jayapalan Eknath
Published: August 2019

Background: In the emergency department, triaging is a very important for mass casualties and should not lead to any errors while doing so. In spite of subjecting interns to triaging theory classes in their final year of MBBS, they are not confident in triaging when need comes. To address this, we designed this study which aims at understanding the efficacy and type of triage based simulation education for medical interns during their 1 year internship programme.

Methods: A cross sectional study with 186 intern students of a Yenepoya Medical College Hospital of Karnataka was selected for the triage simulation. The interns who could attend the entire programme were randomly divided into 2 groups of n=91 each. One group underwent desktop based triage simulation (n1=91) and the other group faced enacted patient based triage simulation training followed by test. Evaluation comprised of tests to 2 groups of interns. The first group were subjected to test following desktop triage simulation and the second group were subjected to test following enacted patient simulation based triaging.

Results: The test result showed that there was significant improvement in the result obtained from the group that underwent high fidelity simulation (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Simulation based training which is closed to reality leads to a significant increase in learning and recalling output compared to the traditional method.
Televisão universitária, visibilidade e consumo: o papel das redes sociais na promoção dos conteúdos
Authors: Lopes Davi Médola Ana Silvia , Frascareli Lelis Mariane
Published: August 2019

As emissoras de televisão brasileiras não hegemônicas como as TVs universitárias encontram no contexto midiático atual a possibilidade de novos fluxos de distribuição de conteúdos em relação aos estruturados no sistema analógico. Isto porque a convergência digital, aliada ao surgimento das redes sociais, são recursos potenciais de promoção da visibilidade dos seus programas, pois favorecem a divulgação dos conteúdos disponibilizados aos diversos públicos. Sob o olhar semiótico dos regimes das interações sociais e de visibilidade, o presente trabalho analisa as estratégias adotadas pela TV Unesp nas redes sociais e identifica uma lógica de disseminação de conteúdos subordinada aos propósitos comerciais dessas plataformas.
Aspectos Históricos, Teóricos e Metodológicos da Teoria do Momentum Comportamental
Authors: Luiz André , Costa Carlos Eduardo , Cançado Carlos Renato Xavier
Published: August 2019

A Teoria do Momentum Comportamental (TMC) foi proposta para sistematizar os dados de pesquisas sobre resistência do comportamento à mudança, definindo-a como a tendência de um comportamento continuar ocorrendo quando se altera o ambiente no qual ele está sendo mantido. O presente artigo discorre acerca dos aspectos históricos, teóricos e metodológicos sobre a resistência do comportamento à mudança de acordo com o quadro conceitual da TMC e apresenta algumas das implicações dessa área de pesquisa para a Análise do Comportamento Aplicada. Observa-se que a resistência comportamental é um fenômeno complexo que pode ser afetado por diversas variáveis, tais como a taxa ou a magnitude dos reforços, diferentes exigências sobre a taxa de respostas e pelo atraso dos reforços. Tais resultados promoveram o desenvolvimento e refinamento de protocolos de intervenção, principalmente no trabalho com indivíduos com desenvolvimento atípico. A continuidade da pesquisa nessa área fornecerá maior e melhor conhecimento sobre o comportamento dos organismos, bases para revisões teóricas sobre os determinantes da resistência do comportamento à mudança bem como promoverá o desenvolvimento de intervenções comportamentais mais efetivas.
Cechy pracy a zadowolenie z pracy
Authors: Hauk Mateusz
Published: August 2019

Celem badań własnych była analiza relacji pomiędzy cechami pracy a zadowoleniem z pracy. Punktem wyjścia do analizy powyższego problemu była Koncepcja Właściwości Pracy Hackmana i Oldhama (1980), a także liczne badania weryfikacyjne, wskazujące na potrzebę rozpatrywania cech pracy w trzech grupach, odpowiednio: motywacyjnych, społecznych i kontekstowych. W badaniach wzięło udział 375 osób, w wieku od 19 do 64 lat, reprezentujących zawody zróżnicowane branżowo.

Otrzymane wyniki wskazały, iż najsilniejszy związek z zadowoleniem pracowników mają tzw. cechy społeczne. Jednocześnie procent wariancji zadowolenia z pracy wyjaśniany przez cechy pracy okazał się znikomy, co wskazuje na potrzebę dalszej eksploracji czynników związanych z zadowoleniem z pracy, przy uwzględnieniu bardziej zaawansowanych modeli i większego zestawu zmiennych.
Family values of Vietnamese living in Vietnam and Poland
Authors: Hai Mai Van
Published: August 2019

This article focuses on the results of the study on family values of Vietnamese living in Vietnam and Poland. The participants were 196 Vietnamese (100 people in Vietnam, 96 people in Poland) and 15 people who got married with Poles. The methods used included questionnaire and intensive interview. The study used traditional family values of Vietnamese as the background for data analyses and comparison of two groups. The study results showed that Vietnamese participants continued to confirm basic traditional family values such as filial piety, respect for parents, especially in parents – offspring relations; faithfulness, benevolence and righteousness in husband – wife relations. Besides, some differences were revealed such as participants living in Poland having more freedom than other group in relationships with offspring, and are more flexibility in opinions and behavior about sex issues. These findings confirm that living and working overseas bring some changes to the system of accepted family values.
Carbono almacenado en estrato arbóreo de sistemas ganaderos y naturales del municipio de Albania, Caquetá, Colombia
Authors: Rojas-Vargas Erika Paola , Silva-Agudelo Edgar Daniel , Guillén-Motta Ana Yiceth , Motta-Delgado Pablo Andrés , Herrera-Valencia Wilmer
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar la capacidad de almacenamiento de carbono en el componente arbóreo de cinco usos de suelo tanto en sistemas ganaderos como naturales: a) pasturas tradicionales con árboles dispersos en baja densidad (PT), b) pasturas mejoradas con árboles dispersos en baja densidad (PM), c) sistemas silvopastoriles en alta densidad (SSP), d) bosque (Bo) y e) regeneración natural (RN). Se realizaron tres repeticiones por cada uso del suelo y se registró cada árbol dentro del inventario florístico; para PT, PM y SSP se hicieron parcelas de 1000 m2; para Bo, parcelas de 2000 m2, y para RN, parcelas de 1000 m2 para identificación de fustales, latizales y brinzales. Los datos fueron examinados mediante análisis de varianza y comparados mediante la prueba DGC con un nivel de significación del 95 %. El bosque presentó diferencias significativas con valores de 249,04 Mg ha-1 en biomasa y 124,52 Mg ha-1 en carbono, respecto a los demás usos del suelo; la variable diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) mostró diferencias significativas (p<0,05), donde la RN obtuvo los DAP más bajos y Bo los más altos con 4,93 y 18,52 cm, respectivamente. El número de individuos (árboles ha.1) no fue notablemente diferente entre Bo (525) y RN (930), pero estos dos mostraron diferencias considerables respecto a los tres agroecosistemas de pasturas, con valores de 17, 47 y 207 individuos ha-1 para PM, PT y SSP respectivamente. En conclusión, se observó que la cobertura con mayor capacidad de producción de biomasa y almacenamiento de carbono fue el bosque y la de menor fueron las pasturas mejoradas con especies de Brachiaria sp.; asimismo, la mayor densidad de árboles se presentó en las coberturas de regeneración natural, que tienen un alto potencial para el incremento de la capacidad de captura de carbono.
Hidrolis Kulit Buah Kopi Oleh Kapang Pestalotiopsis sp. VM 9 Serta Pemanfaatan Hidrolisatnya Sebagai Medium Produksi Protein Sel Tunggal Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Khofiya Zunairoh Nidaan , Winarsa Rudju , Muzakhar Kahar
Published: August 2019

Hidrolisis limbah kulit buah kopi oleh enzim ekstraseluler Pestalotiopsis sp. VM 9 telah dilakukan. Hasil hidrolisis menunjukkan bahwa dalam hidrolisat mengandung gula reduksi 392,35μg/ml setelah masa inkubasi hari ke-6. Analisis lanjutan menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisat dapat digunakan sebagai medium pertumbuhan Protein Sel Tunggal (PST) S. cerevisiae dengan tingkat pertumbuhan hingga mencapai kepadatan sel 8,5x10 6 sel/ml selama 72 jam kultivasi. Selama pertumbuhannya S. cerevisiae terbukti mengkonsumsi sumber karbon dari gula reduksi sebanyak 211,91 μg/ml.
Evaluation of Machine Learning Techniques for Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation
Authors: Rashid Niaghi Ali , Hassanijalilian Oveis , Shiri Jalal
Published: August 2019

The ASCE-EWRI reference evapotranspiration (ETo) equation is recommended as a standardized method for reference crop ETo estimation. However, various climate data as input variables to the standardized ETo method are considered limiting factors in most cases and restrict the ETo estimation. This paper assessed the potential of different machine learning (ML) models for ETo estimation using limited meteorological data. The ML models used to estimate daily ETo included Gene Expression Programming (GEP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multiple Linear Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF). Three input combinations of daily maximum and minimum temperature (Tmax and Tmin), wind speed (W) with Tmax and Tmin, and solar radiation (Rs) with Tmax and Tmin were considered using meteorological data during 2003–2016 from six weather stations in the Red River Valley. To understand the performance of the applied models with the various combinations, station, and yearly based tests were assessed with local and spatial approaches. Considering the local and spatial approaches analysis, the LR and RF models illustrated the lowest rate of improvement compared to GEP and SVM. The spatial RF and SVM approaches showed the lowest and highest values of the scatter index as 0.333 and 0.457, respectively. As a result, the radiation-based combination and the RF model showed the best performance with higher accuracy for all stations either locally or spatially, and the spatial SVM and GEP illustrated the lowest performance among models and approaches.
The Facility List Coder: A Tool to Evaluate Community Food Environments
Authors: Arcila-Agudelo Ana Maria , Muñoz-Mora Juan Carlos , Farran-Codina Andreu
Published: August 2019

A community food environment plays an essential role in explaining the healthy life-style patterns of its community members. However, there is a lack of compelling quantitative approaches to evaluate these environments. This study introduces and validates a new tool named the Facility List Coder (FLC), whose purpose is to assess food environments based on data sources and classification algorithms. Using the case of Mataró (Spain), we randomly selected 301 grids areas (100 m2) where we conducted street audits in order to physically identify all the facilities by name, address and type. Then, audit-identified facilities were matched with those automatically-identified and were classified using the FLC in order to determine its quality. Our results suggest that automatically-identified and audit-identified food environments have a high level of agreement. The ICC estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals for the overall sample, yield the result “excellent” (ICC ≥ 0.9) for the level of reliability of the FLC.
KARL: Knowledge Augmented Rule Learning for Informed Biomarker Discovery
Authors: Ogoe Henry A. , Eshaghzadeh Torbati Mahbaneh , Gopalakrishnan Vanathi
Published: August 2019

Background: Ongoing molecular profiling studies enabled by advances in biomedical technologies are producing vast amounts of ‘omic’ data for early detection, monitoring, and prognosis of diverse diseases. A major common limitation is the scarcity of biological samples, necessitating integrative modeling frameworks that can make optimal use of available data for disease classification tasks. Related data sets are often available from different studies, but may have been generated using different technology platforms. Thus, there is a critical need for flexible modeling methods that can handle data from diverse sources to facilitate the discovery of robust biomarkers that underlie disease regulatory processes. Results: In this paper, we introduce a novel framework called Knowledge Augmented Rule Learning (KARL), which incorporates two sources of knowledge, domain, and data, for pattern discovery from small and high-dimensional datasets, such as transcriptomic data. We propose KARL as a transfer rule learning framework in which knowledge of the domain is transferred to the learning process on data in order to 1) improve the reliability of the discovered patterns, and 2) study the knowledge of the domain when used along with data for modeling. In this work, we generated KARL models on gene expression datasets for five types of cancer, including brain, breast, colon, lung, and prostate. As our knowledge of the domain, we used the Ingenuity Knowledge Base (IKB) to extract genes related to hallmarks of cancer and annotated these prior relationships before learning classifiers from these datasets. Conclusions: Our results show that KARL produces, on average, rule models that are more robust classifiers than the baseline without such background knowledge, for our tasks of cancer prediction using 25 publicly available gene expression datasets. Moreover, KARL helped us learn insights about previously known relationships in these gene expression datasets, along with new relationships not input as known, to enable informed biomarker discovery for cancer prediction tasks. KARL can be applied to modeling similar data from any other domain and classification task. Future work would involve extensions to KARL to handle hierarchical knowledge to derive more general hypotheses to drive biomedicine.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Factors and Inflammatory Status in Adolescents with Obesity Enrolled in a Weight-Loss Program
Authors: Morrissey Christopher , Perez-Martin Antonia , Defoort Catherine , Raverdy Cecile , Masson Delphine , Tardivel Catherine , Gayrard Sandrine , Goncalves Aurelie , Carrere Myriam , Landrier Jean-François , Vinet Agnes , Amiot Marie Josephe
Published: August 2019

Obesity in children is associated with vitamin D (VD) deficiency and cardiometabolic abnormalities. To analyze the effects of VD supplementation in adolescents with obesity enrolled in a weight-loss program. Adolescents with obesity (n=26) and with normal weight (n=23; controls) were matched for age, sex, and puberty stage. The obesity group followed a 3-month weight-loss program that combined a reduced caloric intake with interval training physical activity and during which they received or not VD supplementation (4000 IU/d) (n=13/group; random assignation). The anthropometric parameters (BMI z-score, fat mass); serum levels of 25(OH)D, calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH), cardiometabolic factors (triglycerides, HDL, and LDL cholesterol), fasting glucose and insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index; diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure, and inflammatory status (C-reactive protein, CRP) were measured at baseline and at the end of the 3-month program. At baseline, 25(OH)D concentration was lower and VD insufficiency (25(OH)D levels <50 nmol/L) rate was higher (73% vs 22%) in the obesity than in the normal-weight group. All cardiometabolic factors were altered in the obesity compared with the normal-weight group. After the 3-month weight-loss program, 25(OH)D levels was >50 nmol in all adolescents with obesity, but only in 46% of normal-weight adolescents. Moreover, the weight-loss program improved the cardiometabolic factors, inflammatory status (CRP) and physical performance, but VD supplementation did not have any additional effect. Analysis only of the adolescents with obesity and VD deficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/L) at baseline showed a significant correlation between the change in PTH and CRP (p=0.02) in the supplemented obesity group, while the increase in 25(OH)D only tended to be correlated with CRP decrease. Vitamin D supplementation could reduce VD insufficiency in adolescent with obesity, but does not have any additional effect on cardiometabolic factors when combined with a weight-loss program.
EXPANSION AND INTERNALIZATION OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF BRAZIL: THE SCENARIO OF SERGIPE
Authors: Guedes Josevania Teixeira , Quintas-Mendes Antonio
Published: August 2019

This research aims to map the advances of the Open University of Brazil (UAB) in Sergipe in relation to the expansion and internalization of the graduation courses offered, in order to highlight the impact of the public policy promoted by the federal government that seeks to expand and internalize the courses offering and higher education programs, through e-learning. To do so, we performed quantitative research using basic statistics techniques to describe the percentage, mean and standard deviation. The results indicate that the innumerable obstacles to public policy and the lack of recognition of the profession are obstacles to the valuation of the teacher, issues that directly affect the demand of individuals for graduation courses in the country.
ENSINAR OU SOCIALIZAR: DILEMAS NO PROCESSO DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES PÚBLICO-ALVO DA EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL INSERIDOS NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Luckow Heloiza Iracema , Cordeiro Aliciene Fusca Machado
Published: August 2019

O artigo discute questões concernentes ao acesso, permanência e aprendizagem de conteúdos historicamente constituídos para estudantes marcados por uma história de segregação. Tendo como referencial teórico o materialismo histórico dialético, problematizam-se os sentidos atribuídos por famílias e professores à função da escola no processo de escolarização dos estudantes público-alvo da educação especial inseridos no ensino médio. Para tanto, foram entrevistadas três famílias de estudantes público-alvo da educação especial que frequentam o ensino médio e professores envolvidos em seu processo de escolarização. Os dados, analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo (FRANCO, 2003), indicaram que quando se trata de estudantes com algum histórico de diagnóstico de deficiência ou transtorno a escola torna-se prioritariamente lugar de socialização e integração. Evidenciou-se que a apropriação dos conteúdos acadêmicos tem aparecido em segundo plano, de modo que quanto maior a dificuldade de lidar com o estudante, devido a inúmeros fatores, maior a tendência a limitar a função da escola à socialização.
PROCAMPO: FIELD EDUCATION POLICY
Authors: Santos Marilene , Fetzner Andréa Rosana
Published: August 2019

PROCAMPO: FIELD EDUCATION POLICY             Abstract: The article integrates researches that focus on the analysis of the Field Education policy as an alternative to improve the quality of education and contribute to the development of rural areas, it also discusses the Field Education as public policy and its implementation through specific programs. The empirical material analyzed is the Programme of Support to Field Higher Education Degree ‘Procampo/Pronacampo’. The analysis focuses in reflecting on the history and definition of concepts in the discussion of Field Education by social movements forefront State bodies represented by the Ministry of Education. In addition, it also discusses Procampo as a significant action of implementation and expansion of Field Education as part of teacher training. The conclusions highlight advances in this implementation; it considers Procampo as an innovation in teacher training, however, to ensure the public policy challenges ahead and a long way by conflicts and clashes of intermingled divergent interests.Key words: Field Education - Public Policy - Procampo
Pengaruh Dwelling Time pada Penerimaan Pajak Impor di Indonesia
Authors: Hilal Adam Syaiful , Lisna Vera
Published: August 2019

High dwelling time in Indonesia has been in the spotlight of President since his visit to the Port of Tanjung Priok in 2014. This could bring impact on international trade, one of which is indicated by import tax revenue. The value of import in Indonesia which continues to fall has brought impact to lower country revenue from import tax. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of dwelling time on import tax revenue in Indonesia. The results from recursive equation system of Error Correction Model (ECM) by using data during January 2014 to November 2016 show that lower dwelling time will increase import tax revenue in Indonesia. ------------------------------------ Lamanya dwelling time menjadi sorotan Presiden RI sejak kunjungannya ke Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok tahun 2014 silam. Hal ini dapat berdampak pada perdagangan internasional, salah satunya diukur dari penerimaan pajak impor. Nilai impor Indonesia yang terus turun berdampak pada rendahnya penerimaan negara dari pajak impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh dwelling time pada penerimaan pajak impor di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil estimasi sistem persamaan rekursif Error Correction Model (ECM) dengan data periode Januari 2014–November 2016 diketahui bahwa dwelling time yang lebih rendah akan meningkatkan penerimaan pajak impor di Indonesia.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Web Desain Wix Materi Bangun Ruang Matematika SD Kelas V
Authors: Suanah Suanah
Published: August 2019

Education has a major influence on the formation of character and human personality, so that the quality of human resources is determined by the level of education pursued by students. Elementary School Mathematics Lesson V in the perception of most students is still considered difficult because it is abstract with calculation formulas and must use logic to analyze it. The purpose of the study was to develop Wix web-based learning media design material for elementary class V Mathematics space. Research design was development research carried out based on 6 stages of the process namely concept, design, material collection, manufacture, testing and publication. The subject of the study consisted of media experts, material experts and sample classes consisting of 29 fifth grade students at SD 1 Babakan Elementary School in Parungkuda District. Data collection techniques were carried out through the media expert test questionnaire and material expert test and user response questionnaire conducted by students. The results of the development of instructional media are based on the assessment of media experts and material experts, namely the need for improvement for the scope of the material presented is more complete and more interactive to facilitate material search. The criteria for the assessment of product trial instruments carried out by students get an average score of facilitation aspects of 2.753, the attractiveness aspect is 2.697 and the benefit aspects of the product are 2.583 so that based on the assessment indicators the product is in good criteria.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek untuk Keterampilan Komunikasi Ilmiah Mahasiswa
Authors: Wulandari Fitria Eka , Rohmah Jamilatur , Astutik Yuli
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is the development of project-based learning tools in teaching students scientific communication skills. The development of these learning devices includes syllabus, learning implementation plans (RPP), student activity sheets (MFIs), evaluation instruments for student communication skills, where these devices are developed using project-based learning models. Learning tools that have been created and that will be used in the learning process have valid and reliable judgments. The stages of developing this learning device are: (1) student scientific communication is carried out in the literature; (2) curriculum, teaching materials, indicators of scientific communication skills, learning characteristics used, characteristics and abilities of students; (3) conduct the preparation of learning evaluations; (4) carry out construct validation; (5) analyze the results of construct and content validation; (6) hold a trial certificate; (7) analysis of trial results. The analysis of the results of the validation of project-based learning tools in training valid and reliable student scientific communication skills.
Desain Lingkungan Belajar yang Menyenangkan Berbasis Flipped Classroom di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rindaningsih Ida , Hastuti Wiwik Dwi , Findawati Yulian
Published: August 2019

Kemajuan teknologi abad 21 menuntut pendidik untuk segera beradaptasi dengan kemajuan teknologi digital. Dibutuhkan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan percepatan kemajuan teknologi dan menghubungkan pembelajaran didalam dan diluar kelas. Flipped Classroom melibatkan pergeseran energi dari instruktur menuju keaktifan siswa dengan  memanfaatkan teknologi untuk meningkatkan lingkungan belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang desain lingkungan belajar berbasis Flipped classroom. Desain ini memberikan gambaran alur pembelajaran yang sistematis berdasarkan pada  kajian flipped classroom dan lingkungan belajar yang telah dibangun oleh peneliti sebelumnya. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dan telah melalui proses perancangan dan validasi para ahli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain lingkungan belajar berbasis flipped classroom terbukti layak, valid, dan praktis untuk diterapkan di sekolah.
Spatio-temporal transcriptome construction of early mouse embryo with Geo-seq and Auto-seq
Authors: Guizhong Cui , Chen Jun , Chen Shirui , Qian Yun , Peng Guangdun , Jing Naihe
Published: August 2019

The regionalization of cell fates heralding the formation of the basic body plan is conserved in vertebrate embryos, the mechanisms of which is instrumental for understanding embryonic programming and stem cell-based translational study. However, a comprehensive genome-wide molecular annotation of the mechanism that determines the lineage specification and cell fate decision has not been clarified. Here, we combined laser microdissection-based spatial transcriptome analysis (Geo-seq) and automated platform-based low-input RNA sequencing (Auto-seq), and generated a series of spatial transcriptome dataset that encompass mouse embryos from pre-gastrulation (E5.5) to late gastrulation (E7.5) on all germ layers in the embryo proper.
MiR-190a Potentially Ameliorates Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Tiam1
Authors: Liu Qiang , Hou Aisheng , Zhang Yongyi , Guo Ying , Li Jingjing , Yao Yinghao , Niu Kaimeng , Li Hao , Ma Yunlong , Cao Jiangbei
Published: August 2019

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) affects a large number of post-surgery patients, especially for the elderly. However, the etiology of this neurocognitive disorder is largely unknown. Even if several studies have reported a small number of miRNAs as the essential modulatory factors in POCD, these findings are still rather limited. In this study, we used two miRNA microarray datasets to perform differential expression analyses of miRNAs in the hippocampus of POCD model mice. We found that nine miRNAs showed significant associations with POCD in both datasets. Among these miRNAs, mmu-miR-190a-3p was the most significant one. By performing weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we found 25 co-expression modules, of which mmu-miR-190a-3p was significantly anti-correlated with the red module. Moreover, in this red module, 314 genes were significantly enriched in four pathways such as axon guidance and calcium signaling pathway, which are well-documented to be associated with psychiatric disorders and brain development. Also, 169 of the 314 genes were highly correlated with mmu-miR-190a-3p, and four genes (Sphkap, Arhgef25, Tiam1, and Ntrk3) had putative binding sites at 3'-UTR of mmu-miR-190a-3p. Based on protein-protein network analysis, we detected that Tiam1 was a central gene regulated by the mmu-miR-190a-3p. Taken together, we conclude that mmu-miR-190a-3p is involved in the etiology of POCD and may serve as a novel predictive indicator for POCD.
TReatIng Urinary symptoms in Men in Primary Healthcare using non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions (TRIUMPH) compared with usual care: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Frost Jessica , Lane J Athene , Cotterill Nikki , Fader Mandy , Hackshaw-McGeagh Lucy , Hashim Hashim , Macaulay Margaret , MacNeill Stephanie J , Noble Sian , Rees Jonathan , Ridd Matthew J , Robles Luke , Taylor Gordon , Taylor Jodi , Drake Marcus , Worthington Jo
Published: August 2019

Background

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) can relate to urinary storage or voiding. In men, the prevalence and severity of LUTS increases with age, with a significant impact on quality of life. The majority of men presenting with LUTS are managed by their General Practitioner (GP) in the first instance, with conservative therapies recommended as initial treatment. However, the provision of conservative therapies in primary care is variable and can be time and resource limited. GPs require practical resources to enhance patient engagement with such interventions. TRIUMPH aims to determine whether a standardised and manualised care intervention delivered in primary care achieves superior symptomatic outcome for LUTS versus usual care.

Methods

TRIUMPH is a 2-arm cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) being conducted in 30 National Health Service (NHS) General Practices in England. The TRIUMPH intervention comprises a standardised LUTS advice booklet developed for the trial with patient and health care professional (HCP) consultation. The booklet is delivered to patients by nurses/healthcare assistants following assessment of their urinary symptoms. Patients are directed to relevant sections of the booklet, providing the manualised element of the intervention. To encourage adherence, HCPs provide follow-up contacts over 12 weeks. Practices are randomised 1:1 to either deliver the TRIUMPH intervention or a usual care pathway. The patient-reported International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) at 12 months post-consent is the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include cost-effectiveness, patient reported outcomes on LUTS, quality of life, and patient and HCP acceptability and experience of the intervention. Primary analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis.

Discussion

It is unclear whether conservative therapies for male LUTS are effectively delivered in primary care using current approaches. This can lead to men being inappropriately referred to secondary care or experiencing persistent symptoms. Primary care therefore holds the key to effective treatment for these men. The TRIUMPH intervention, through its standardised and manualised approach, has been developed to support GP practices in delivering effective conservative care. This pragmatic cluster RCT will provide robust evidence in a primary care setting to inform future guidelines.
Shortening Antibiotic Duration in the Treatment of Acute Cholangitis. Rationale and Study Protocol for an Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Iwata Kentaro , Doi Asako , Oba Yuichiro , Matsuo Hiroo , Ebisawa Kei , Nagata Manabu , Nishimura Sho , Yoshimura Kenichi , Masuda Atsuhiro , Shiomi Hideyuki , Kodama Yuzo
Published: August 2019

Background: Antimicrobial therapy with appropriate biliary drainage is considered the standard of care of acute cholangitis, but the optimal duration of antimicrobial therapy remains unknown. Seven to 10 days of antimicrobial therapy is common for the treatment of acute cholangitis, but recent retrospective cohort study suggested shorter duration might be effective enough. Shorter duration of antimicrobial therapy can be beneficial in decreasing the length of hospital stay, improving patients’ quality of life, decreasing adverse effects, and even contributing to decrease in the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance. Methods/design: We will conduct a multi-center, open-label, randomized, non-inferiority trial to compare short course therapy (SCT) with conventional long course therapy (LCT) in treating patients with acute cholangitis. SCT consists of 5-day intravenous antimicrobial therapy if the patients had clinical improvement, while at least 7 days of intravenous antibiotics will be provided to LCT group. The primary outcome is clinical cure at 30 days after their onset. Patients will be randomly assigned with open label fashion. A total sample size of 150 was estimated to provide a power of 80% with a one-sided alpha level of 2.5% and a non-inferiority margin of 10%. Discussion: This trial is expected to reveal whether SCT is non-inferior to conventional LCT or not, and may provide evidence that one can able to shorten the treatment duration for acute cholangitis for the benefit of the patients.
CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri
Authors: Jeong Kwanho , Muñoz-Bodnar Alejandra , Rojas Nathalia Arias , Poulin Lucie , Rodriguez-R Luis Miguel , Gagnevin Lionel , Vernière Christian , Pruvost Olivier , Koebnik Ralf
Published: August 2019

Background
Xanthomonads are an important clade of Gram-negative bacteria infecting a plethora of economically important host plants, including citrus. Knowledge about the pathogen’s diversity and population structure are prerequisite for epidemiological surveillance and efficient disease management. Rapidly evolving genetic loci, such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are of special interest to develop new molecular typing tools.

Results
We analyzed CRISPR loci of 56 Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains of world-wide origin, a regulated pathogen causing Asiatic citrus canker in several regions of the world. With one exception, 23 unique sequences built up the repertoire of spacers, suggesting that this set of strains originated from a common ancestor that already harbored these 23 spacers. One isolate originating from Pakistan contained a string of 14 additional, probably more recently acquired spacers indicating that this genetic lineage has or had until recently the capacity to acquire new spacers. Comparison of CRISPR arrays with previously obtained molecular typing data, such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), variable-number of tandem-repeats (VNTR) and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), demonstrated that these methods reveal similar evolutionary trajectories. Notably, genome analyses allowed to generate a model for CRISPR array evolution in X. citri pv. citri, which provides a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen.

Conclusions
CRISPR-based typing will further improve the accuracy of the genetic identification of X. citri pv. citri outbreak strains in molecular epidemiology analyses, especially when used concomitantly with another genotyping method.
Simulating Soybean Yield Potential under Optimum Management
Authors: Purcell Larry C. , Van Roekel Ryan J.
Published: August 2019

Core Ideas

Soybean yield and crop growth was measured in high‐yield contest fields.

Radiation use efficiency and nitrogen uptake were greater than recorded values.

Yield was grossly under‐predicted using default growth parameters.

Yield predictions were greatly improved using measured growth parameters.

Crop models have played important roles in identifying potential constraints for crop growth and yield. A relatively simple soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] model consisting of a daily C, N, and water budget was used to simulate yields for optimum production environments at Fayetteville, AR, and at a farmer's contest field in Missouri for 2012 to 2013. Data were collected on radiation use efficiency (RUE), N accumulation rate, specific leaf nitrogen (SLN), and the dry matter accumulation coefficient (DMAC) as a measure of whole‐crop seed growth rate. In Fayetteville, measured yields ranged from 4977 to 7144 kg ha−1, and simulated yields averaged 34.0% below the measured yields using the default model parameters. Using measured parameters in a modified model, predicted yields were 2.8% above observed. Default parameter simulations for the contest fields were 39.0% below measured yield and were 18.7% below measured yield when using measured parameters. Sensitivity analyses indicated that lower DMAC values increased yields due to slower seedfill rates, allowing additional N accumulation and a slower translocation of N to the growing seeds. Simulating an increased SLN and RUE increased predicted yields in 2012 and 2013 when N accumulation rates were great enough to supply the required N for new biomass. Alternatively, increasing N accumulation rates increased yield up to a plateau when all N requirements were met. These results illustrate the importance and interconnectivity of the crop growth processes relating to C and N metabolism and that current bounds for crop growth characteristics should be reconsidered.
Estimating Herd‐Scale Methane Emissions from Cattle in a Feedlot Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and the Carbon Dioxide Tracer Method
Authors: Prajapati Prajaya , Santos Eduardo A.
Published: August 2019

Measurements of methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants could provide invaluable data to reduce uncertainties in the global CH4 budget and to evaluate mitigation strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate a new CO2 tracer (CO2T) approach that combined CH4 and CO2 atmospheric concentrations with eddy covariance (EC) CO2 flux measurements to estimate CH4 emissions from cattle in a feedlot. A closed‐path EC system was used to measure CH4 and CO2 fluxes from a feedlot in Kansas. The EC flux measurements were scaled from landscape to animal scale using footprint analyses. Emissions of CH4 from the cattle were also estimated using the CO2T approach and measured CO2 and CH4 concentration, and scaled EC CO2 fluxes. The CH4 and CO2 concentration ratios showed a distinct diel trend with greater values during the daytime. Average monthly CH4 emission estimates using the CO2T approach ranged from 72 to 127 g animal−1 d−1, which was consistent with the values reported in other studies that had similar animal characteristics. The CO2T method CH4 emission estimates showed good agreement with scaled CH4 EC fluxes (slope = 0.9 and R2 = 0.8) for cold and dry months. However, the agreement between the two techniques was significantly reduced (slope = 1.5 and R2 = 0.6) during wet and warm months. On average, the CO2T method CH4 emission estimates were 3% greater than the EC CH4 emissions. Overall, our results suggest that the CO2T method can be used to estimate enteric feedlot CH4 emissions.

Core Ideas

The CO2 tracer method (CO2T) was used to estimate enteric CH4 emissions in a feedlot.

The CO2T method estimates were in good agreement with eddy covariance (EC) measurements.

The agreement between CO2T and EC method was reduced during the wet and warm months.
Phosphorus Pool Composition in Soils and Sediments of Transitional Ecotones under the Influence of Agriculture
Authors: Neidhardt Harald , Achten Florian , Kern Simon , Schwientek Marc , Oelmann Yvonne
Published: August 2019

Transitional ecotones such as vegetated buffer strips, stream banks, and streambeds retain phosphorus (P) in the immediate surroundings of farmland. Yet the fate of P in these ecotones remains unclear. Our objectives were to (i) test the difference in the P pool composition of soil and sediment between sites surrounded by agriculture and forestry and (ii) test whether specific P pools differ among transitional ecotones. Phosphorus pools (by a modified Hedley fractionation scheme) and the degree of P saturation (DPS) were determined in 33 soil and sediment samples from eight farmland and three forest sites. At farmland sites, total P in soil and sediment was more than twofold higher as compared to forestry sites. The proportion of labile inorganic P (Pi) and the DPS were significantly larger in transitional ecotones close to farmland. We further used normalized values for comparing the respective ecotones at the sites. The deviation of each transitional ecotone relative to the respective site average revealed that the normalized total P concentration and proportions of labile and moderately labile Pi were significantly smaller in bed sediment adjacent to farmland as compared to respective stream bank and buffer strip soil, whereas the stable Ca‐Pi proportion was larger. The results reflected a decreased Pi sorption capacity in combination with Pi desorption and transfer of Pi into secondary Ca‐Pi minerals in bed sediment. In summary, the influence of agriculture increases labile P pools in soil and sediment, which are then subject to a succession of dynamic processes resulting in a partial loss of Pi to the aqueous phase as well as fixation of Pi in the Ca‐Pi pool.

Core Ideas

Agriculture has a pronounced impact on P status and pools in transitional ecotones.

Labile Pi and degree of P saturation significantly increased in buffer strips, stream banks, and beds.

We found more Ca‐Pi but less labile P in streambeds than in stream banks and buffer strips.

There is presumable transfer of labile P into the Ca‐Pi pool but also in the dissolved phase.

Further knowledge of P pool changes is needed to manage legacy P in catchments.
Lignin Contribution to Aliphatic Constituents of Humic Acids through Fungal Degradation
Authors: Khatami Seyyedhadi , Deng Ying , Tien Ming , Hatcher Patrick G.
Published: August 2019

To investigate how fungi transform lignin in soil during humification, a naturally brown‐rotted wood was subjected to additional fungal degradation by the white‐rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry showed that fungal degradation, an integral part of the soil humification process, transformed lignin‐derived aromatic molecules and simultaneously created many new aliphatic molecules. The majority of these new aliphatic molecules were chemically different from aliphatic molecules already existent in the lignin precursor extract and in the P. chrysosporium biomass. Our results strongly suggest that humification by white‐rot fungi in soil transforms lignin to humic substances with a predominant aliphatic character. This challenges the concept that only aromatic structures are expected from humification of lignin by fungi. This finding also reverses current views that aliphatic constituents of soil humic materials are not principally derived from lignin.

Core Ideas

ESI‐FTICR‐MS analysis opens a new window for examining the fate of lignin in nature.

Fungi play an important role in humification of plant material in soil.

Formation of aliphatic molecules from lignin via fungal degradation is observed.