bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PHENOMENOGRAPHIC STUDY ON EFL TEACHERS’ CONCEPTIONS OF TEACHING WRITING
Authors: Legesse Habtamu Gebrekidan , Zeru Assefa
Published: June 2024

Teachers’ conceptions and approaches to teaching have stronger influence on students’ learning orientations and learning outcomes. This research aimed at examining English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ conceptions of teaching writing by adopting qualitative research design with interpretative ontological and epistemological assertions. To this end, 16 EFL teachers working at Wollo University, Dessie Campus were involved in semi-structured interviews arranged to explore the different ways that EFL teachers understand teaching writing. The interviews transcribed verbatim and analyzed using phenomenographic data analysis scheme. As the results of the study revealed, six qualitatively different conceptions of teaching writing were identified: (1) awareness-raising, (2) equipping, (3) mimicking, (4) co-writing, (5) practicing, and (6) inspiring conceptions of teaching writing. Three dimensions of variation such as conceptions of writing, locus of teaching writing and beliefs in acquisition of writing skills were discovered to show hierarchical relationships among the categories from simplistic (surface) conceptions of teaching to sophisticated (deep) conceptions of teaching writing. Accordingly, inclusiveness and complexity of teaching conceptions increased as we moved from Category 1 to Category 6. Equipping and practicing conceptions were found to be the most frequently reported conceptions of teaching writing, but institutional and contextual factors adversely impacted the feasibility of practicing conceptions of teaching in EFL writing classes. The findings generally revealed EFL teachers’ tendency to surface conceptions of teaching writing. The study have implications to depict teachers’ orientation to create educational environments that foster deep conceptions and approaches to teaching and learning writing skills at Ethiopian universities.
ELLIPSIS IN ERNEST HEMINGWAY’S SHORT STORY HILLS LIKE WHITE ELEPHANTS
Authors: Salih Khelan Mohammed
Published: June 2024

Ellipsis is a unique linguistic technique that plays a significant role in maintaining continuity in text. It is often used to avoid unnecessary repetition and achieve a consistent style, as long as the readers or listeners understand the omissions. Ellipsis typically refers to the deliberate omission of a word, sentence, or clause from a document because the omitted elements have already been mentioned and do not need to be repeated. While all languages have elliptical forms, this research focuses on the frequency of nominal, verbal, and clausal ellipsis in the English language. This article examines the use of ellipsis in Ernest Hemingway's short story Hills Like White Elephants. The aim is to demonstrate the variety and ambiguity of ellipsis in prose through vocabulary analysis. The paper follows Halliday and Hasan's functional theoretical grammar approach. The results reveal that the title of the short story itself is elliptical. The analysis also discovers that Hemingway's short story contains numerous instances of ellipsis across nominal, verbal, and clausal dimensions.
ECOLOGICAL AWARENESS REPRESENTATION IN TOY STORY 4 MOVIE: A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Safitri Nabila Cahya , Kurniawan Muhammad Hafiz
Published: June 2024

The movie portrays aspects of human life, including ecological awareness, which extends beyond preserving natural elements like mountains and rivers to encompass human impact, waste, pollution, vehicles, and global warming. This research aims to examine how Toy Story 4 (2019) conveys ecological awareness through verbal and visual semiotics in selected scenes. The study focuses on a 3-minute and 20-second segment featuring Bonnie, the first character to display ecological awareness. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, 237 data points were analyzed based on theories by Kress Van Leeuwen, Baldry Thibault, and Halliday. These data were categorized into phases and sub-phases. While the film's utterances predominantly feature declarative moods (88%), along with imperative and interrogative moods (6% each), none directly address ecological themes. Instead, ecological awareness is visually represented in Toy Story 4 (2019) through visual grammar, particularly interactive meaning, to effectively illustrate and encourage environmental action for young audiences.
ENGLISH CONSONANTS AND THEIR BENGALI EQUIVALENTS: A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Jakir Jakir
Published: June 2024

The paper aimed to investigate the phonetic and phonological differences between the consonant sounds of English and Bengali. Data were collected from secondary and primary sources. Initially, data on the phonetic and phonological properties of English and Bengali consonant sounds were gathered through content analysis of various books and journal articles. These data were then analyzed using contrastive analysis (CA) with theoretical frameworks from Received Pronunciation (RP) and Standard Bengali Pronunciation (SBP). Additionally, two interviews were conducted with English Language Teaching (ELT) experts in Bangladesh, selected through purposive sampling. The experts provided insights into the pronunciation challenges faced by Bangladeshi EFL learners due to differences between English and Bengali consonant sounds, and suggested measures to address these issues. The analysis revealed significant differences between English and Bengali consonant sounds in terms of place and manner of articulation, which contribute to substantial pronunciation problems for Bangladeshi EFL learners. Based on these findings, the study offers recommendations for teaching and learning English consonant pronunciation to EFL learners in Bangladesh.
EXPLORING Z GENERATION ATTITUDES TOWARD VARIETIES OF ENGLISH(ES)
Authors: Aisy Laela Rohadatul , Wahyudi Ribut
Published: June 2024

English, one of the most dominant languages, has undergone transformations and divergences that have created a variety of variations in different parts of the world. The fact is that English has more than 160 acknowledged variations of accents across the globe. Each variation from standard English to a distinctive local reflects its unique culture and history. This study aims to investigate Generation Z's attitudes towards variations of Englishes of their English as foreign language communication experiences. This research adopted qualitative research benefiting from Saraceni's (2010) Space, Culture, Ideology and Psychology (SCIP) model to understand variety of English(es). Four English literature students were selected as respondents when they were still in their 7th semester and aged 21-22 at an Islamic university (under Ministry of Religious Affairs) in East Java, Indonesia. The results revealed that the dominance of American English is still the benchmark in most participants' preferences. A number of competing and interconnected factors such as habits, motivations, and practices with the influence of family, social, educational, and environmental factors shape their preferences on English(es) varieties. The participants showed positive, contradictory attitudes (positive and negative) to negative attitude towards the varieties of Englishes.
EXPLORING PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT OF THE SEA-GYPSY TRIBE IN THEIR CHILDREN’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Authors: Dunifa La
Published: June 2024

This study examines the involvement of the Sea-Gypsies tribe in their children’s English education and the factors influencing their participation. The research is guided by two questions: "To what extent are the Sea-Gypsies involved in their children’s English education?" and "What motivates or discourages parents from participating in their children’s English education?" Employing a qualitative microethnographic design, the study was conducted in the Samabahari Village, Wakatobi Regency, a rural and underdeveloped area in Indonesia. The study involved 45 participants, including 20 students, 24 parents, and one English teacher. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews, observations, documents, and visual materials. The data analysis process encompassed familiarization with the data, creating initial codes, collating codes, grouping codes into themes, reviewing and revising themes, and narrating the findings. The results indicate that most parents support their children’s English learning. This support is rooted in three main beliefs: (1) English proficiency will facilitate their children’s pursuit of higher education; (2) speaking English will enhance their children’s job prospects; and (3) the ability to communicate with foreigners is advantageous.
The Possibilistic Mean-Variance Model with Uncertain Possibility Distributions
Authors: Göktaş Furkan
Published: June 2024

The possibilistic mean–variance (MV) model is the counterpart of Markowitz’s MV model in the possibility theory. This study aims to examine the possibilistic MV model when the possibility distributions of stock returns are uncertain triangular fuzzy numbers. We define an uncertainty vector and use its ellipsoidal uncertainty set in a minimax optimization problem to model this uncertainty. We also show that this minimax optimization problem reduces to a strictly convex minimization problem. Thus, unlike the possibilistic MV model, we get diversified optimal portfolios uniquely with our approach. After laying down the theoretical points of our approach, we illustrate it with a real-world example in the literature by using a software package for convex optimization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that considers uncertain possibility distributions in the possibilistic MV model.
Analysis of G20 Countries in terms of Scientific Publication Performances
Authors: Dündar Sinan , Gürcan Ömer Faruk , Karadağ İlker
Published: June 2024

The achievement of countries in generating scientific publications is also a reflection of their efforts in the scientific domain. The quantitative volume of these publications is not a criterion alone, but the fact that they are a source of inspiration for other scientists carrying out their studies in other countries is an important indicator in terms of evaluating the quality of publications. Based on this emphasis on scientific publications, this research aimed to assess the performance of nineteen G20 countries upon scientific publication data issued by The SCImago Journal & Country Rank and covering the years 1996-2022. The evaluation criteria do not only consist of the number of scientific documents, but also number of citable documents, number of citations, number of self-citations, number of citations per document and H-index values. Fuzzy Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (Fuzzy SWARA) method is employed to determine the priorities of the criteria with the participation of ten researchers from different scientific disciplines. As an outcome of the application of this method, the order of importance of the criteria is determined as H-index, number of citable documents, number of citations per document, number of citations, number of documents and self-citation. The performance order of nineteen countries is performed by using the CODAS-LN method, which includes a logarithmic normalization version of the COmbinative Distance-based ASsessment (CODAS) method and is a very convenient approach in cases where the data is not normally distributed. The results revealed that the United States has a superior position in terms of scientific publication performance, while the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and France are aligned in the top five order. The consistency of the applied method is also confirmed by two different sensitivity analyses.
The Relationship Between Symmetrical Internal Communication, Employer Branding, Organizational Identification and Turnover Intention
Authors: Yalım Funda , Mızrak Kağan Cenk
Published: June 2024

It is accepted by both employers and academic circles that employees in the modern management approach are effective in the success of the organizations they work for. Employees also play a role in organizations creating competitive advantage. Employer branding practices in an organization at the point of creating a strong employer brand not only offer an attractive value package for qualified employees, but also ensure that qualified employees, who are an important competitive advantage for the organization, continue to work in the organization. Therefore, examining the factors associated with employer branding emerges as an issue that needs to be carefully evaluated for the sustainable success of organizations. The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between employer branding, symmetrical internal communication, organizational identification and turnover intention. 413 people working in Istanbul-based Turkish airline companies constitute the sample of the research. Quantitative research technique was used in the study and descriptive and relational scanning design was preferred. As a result of the research, a significant and positive relationship was found between symmetrical internal communication and employer branding, and it was determined that organizational identification mediated the relationship between employer branding and turnover intention.
RELIEF AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF REGIONAL LANDSCAPE PARKS “PRYTYSIANSKYI” AND “CHERNIVETSKYI”
Authors: Brusak Vitaliy , Kravchuk Yaroslav
Published: July 2024

Eight regional landscape parks (RLP) are located on the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians, which play an important role in relief and natural complexes protecting within the region. RLP significantly complements the nature protection functions of two nature reserves and 13 national parks in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Six RLPs are located in the mountainous part of the region, and regional landscape parks "Prytisyanskyi" and "Chernivetskyi" are within the premountain uplands, the natural complexes of which are insufficiently protected. Within the boundaries of the Precarpathian Upland there are sections of two national nature parks such as Halytskyi and Hutsulshchyna. There are no nature reserves or national nature parks within the Zakarpattia (Transcarpathian) Plain. Regional landscape parks "Prytisyanskyi" and "Chernivetskyi" due to the cluster structure of the territories significantly improve the state of protection of premountain natural complexes.
In the relief of the southern section of RLP "Prytisyanskyi", the dominant position covers by the low and high floodplains, less often by the first floodplain terrace of the Tysa River. The relief of the northern part of the park is represented by low and high floodplains, fragments of the first floodplain terrace. A complex of different types of meanders is observed in the channel of Latoritsa River. RLP "Prytisyanskyi" fairly fully represents the features of the geological structure and fluvial relief of the Uzhgorod-Beregivska and Vylok-Korolevska alluvial plains of the Zakarpattia (Transcarpathian) Plain with island volcanic hills.
Most of the territory of RLP "Chernivetskyi" on the west and south from Chernivtsi city covers by Chernivtsi Upland with a layered and hilly sculptural relief and Mount Tsetsyna (537 m). The park includes separate sections of low terraces along the Prut River. The northern part of the RLP is represented by the Khotyn Upland with Mount Berda (516 m) as the highest point of the Ukraine’s plain part within the East European Platform. The Khotyn Upland is an asymmetric hilly plateau. Its the highest peaks are formed by structural surfaces with steep slopes. The lower level of relief in the RLP is represented by watersheds with karst forms (karst funnels, polje). RLP "Chernivetskyi" represents the geological and geomorphological structure of the Chernivtsi-Storozhynetsky strand-hilly upland of the Pokut-Bukovinsk-Peredkarpattian stratum-denudation-accumulative Upland, as well as the Khotyn structural Upland of the Prut-Dnister stratum-wave Plain.
Keywords: Regional landscape park; RLP "Prytisyanskyi"; RLP "Chernivetskyi"; Ukrainian Carpathians; relief.
MEMORIAL URBAN NAMES OF UZHGOROD THROUGH THE PRISM OF ECOLINGUISTICS
Authors: Yursa Liudmyla , Neher Oksana
Published: July 2024

At the current stage of the development of Ukrainian proper vocabulary, in particular in the post-Soviet period, the subsystem of modern Ukrainian urban names has undergone deeper and more systematic changes. According to linguists, this situation was caused by a distinct development trend such as de-ideologization. After all, the massive nature of the changes observed in Ukrainian urbanonymy, in particular in the western and central parts of Ukraine, is explained by the democratic procedure of replacing the proper names of streets, squares, parks, squares, microdistricts, etc., which, according to current Ukrainian legislation, is implemented on the basis of a resolution of the local council, and not the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as provided by the procedure for changing the proper names of settlements. However, the democratic nature of the procedure for changing Ukrainian urban names, in our opinion, became the main reason for the insufficient or superficial linguistic examination of both urban neologisms and already traditional onims, which enables the functioning of many proper names of urban objects, the structure of which contradicts the norms of the Ukrainian language. Spelling errors are a characteristic type of violation of the norms of the Ukrainian literary language in the subsystem of Ukrainian urban names of the post-totalitarian era. Most often, when writing modern Ukrainian urban names, the rules of capitalization are violated.
Urbanonymy is a specific onymic subsystem, which reacts extremely actively to social changes and is especially dependent on the political regime, which is connected with the memorial function of the names of inner-city objects. In this connection, the analysis of the concept of historical memory in urbanonymy becomes especially relevant. the negative influence of the environment affects the ecolinguistic state of various levels and even classes of the Ukrainian onymic vocabulary of the post-totalitarian era differently. Ukrainian anthroponymy, in particular people’s proper names and patronymic names, as well as oikonyms, urbanonyms, ergonyms, are adversely affected at the lexical level.
Key words: concept, ecolinguistics, onim.
АНАЛІЗ ПОКАЗНИКА, ПРИЧИН І НАСЛІДКІВ ВИНИКНЕННЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО РОЗРИВУ У ПЛАНУВАННІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Коваль Зоряна
Published: July 2024

УДК 338.24:658.152; JEL Classification: М21
Коваль З.О. АНАЛІЗ ПоКАЗНИКА, ПРИЧИН І НАСЛІДКІВ ВИНИКНЕННЯ Стратегічного Розриву У ПЛАНУВАННІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Мета. Оцінювання показника стратегічного розриву у плануванні діяльності та вибору напряму розвитку вітчизняних підприємств, аналіз причин і наслідків розриву між наявними стратегічними можливостями підприємства та їх очікуваним значенням. Методика дослідження. Методика побудована на використанні методів: логічний аналіз, узагальнення, систематизація, прогнозування, деталізація та групування показників, кореляційно-регресійний метод. Результати. Запропонована методика аналізу стратегічного розриву дасть змогу дослідити вплив факторів внутрішнього середовища, що представляють можливості використання різного роду ресурсів підприємства, та фактори зовнішнього середовища, що завдяки своєму сприятливому або несприятливому впливу або створюють умови для розвитку підприємства, або перешкоджають йому. Дослідження стратегічного розриву на основі запропонованої методики значно розширює можливості аналізу стратегічного розриву, його причин та способів подолання. Наукова новизна. Структуровано та деталізовано показник стратегічного розриву, як і фактори, що його спричиняють. Застосовано багатофакторний кореляційно-регресійний метод для аналізу стратегічного розриву. Практична значущість. Застосування запропонованої методики для потреб аналізу стратегічного розриву підприємства сприятиме більш точній та об’єктивній оцінці його можливостей у довгостроковій перспективі, а також вибору такого варіанта стратегії, у якому подолання цього розриву вимагатиме від підприємства найменше затрат часу і ресурсів.
Hot forming of box-shaped material blanks under isothermal conditions
Authors: Larin Sergey , Bessmertnaya Yulia
Published: July 2024

Core operations with hollow products, having a periodically changing internal profile, consists in the final machining of press forgings. However, at the same time, metal rejects are high, and despite the high quality of the products obtained, their mechanical characteristics do not always meet the requirements of functioning. For the equipment units, when subjected to heavy loads, the parts are usually made of high-strength materials. Due to the complexity of the work on a workpieces made of high-strength alloys, operations are carried out with heating of the deformed zone of the in-process part or with a total heating. The use of slow deformation in the hot state under certain speed conditions is promising. The process of the internal pattern formation for hollow shells made of titanium alloy VT6 is viewed. These products are mainly used as various airframes and are made using special methods of mechanical engineering. Due to the use of high-strength billet materials, there are difficulties with the mechanization of the production methods. The article evaluates force conditions for generation of geometry on the shells based on CAE modeling. The simulation was performed in the deform complex. The focus of the research was on the assessment of deformation forces and stress intensities. The influence of deformation ratio, strain rates, punch geometry on the strength of the process and stress intensity has been revealed. A regression equation to estimate the forces of the process is deduced. Recommendations on the design of fillets forming operations have been obtained. Deformation modes aimed at achieving rational power modes, respectively, loads on the tool, which indirectly affects its durability, as well as the stress condition in the product, have been found.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN BURNOUT PADA GURU SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA (SLB) DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Widyana Rahma , Nurwahyuni Adistya
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara efikasi diri dengan burnout pada guru sekolah luar biasa (SLB) di Yogyakarta. Hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu ada hubungan negatif antara efikasi diri dengan burnout pada guru sekolah luar biasa (SLB) di Yogyakarta. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 108 guru SLB di Yogyakarta dengan rentang usia 25-50 tahun. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Skala General Self Efficacy (GSE) dan Skala Burnout. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan korelasi product moment. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh koefisien korelasi (rxy) = -0,418  (p < 0,050) yang menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini diterima, yaitu ada korelasi negatif antara efikasi diri dengan burnout pada guru SLB. Koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,175 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa kontribusi efikasi diri sebesar 17,5% terhadap burnout. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan ada perbedaan tingkat burnout ditinjau dari usia dan lama mengajar. Subjek usia 38-50 tahun memiliki burnout yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan subjek usia 25-37 tahun). Guru sekolah luar biasa yang telah mengajar atau bekerja lebih dari 15 tahun memiliki burnout yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan guru sekolah luar biasa yang telah mengajar atau bekerja kurang dari 15 tahun. Tidak ada perbedaan tingkat burnout ditinjau dari jenis kelamin.
ONLINE MOTORCYCLE TAXIS BOOST CULINARY BUSINESS ON MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Authors: Daud Maiercherinra , Densis Feralando Rama Kusuma , Beloan Bertha
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the presence of online motorcycle taxis on MSME business such as Dionza stall. The research method used is a qualitative method through a phenomenological approach. The result of this study indicate that the role of online motorcycle taxis is very helpful for Dionza Stall, especially during the covid-19 pandemic. The impact given, apart from increasing income, also helps customers who have limited time to come directly to the stall. It can be evidenced by an increase in income of approximately 30% every day.
Keywords:  Online Motorcycle, Culinary, Small and Medium Business
LIQUIDITY, RETURN ON ASSETS, LEVERAGE AGAINST TAX AGGRESSIVENESS
Authors: Prianka Ratri Nastiti  , Abdul Karim  , Bonita Prabasari
Published: July 2024

Tax aggressiveness is the actions taken by the company to reduce its tax obligations. A company is said to carry out tax aggressiveness if the company tries to reduce the tax burden aggressively, either using legal methods, namely tax avoidance or illegal methods such as tax evasion. Although not all tax planning actions are carried out illegally, the more loopholes a company uses to avoid taxes, the more aggressive the company  is  considered.  And  this study aims to examine the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable of this study. The independent variables are liquidity, ROA, leverage and the dependent variable is tax aggressiveness. And for the analytical method used is regression analysis, and descriptive analysis. Descriptive statistics are used to describe or describe the variables in the study. Descriptive statistics used are measures of tax aggressiveness of all sample companies. The description of the variables can be seen from the mean and standard deviation. The descriptive statistical test was carried out with the SPSS program. The results of the study found that liquidity has no effect on tax aggressiveness, then Renturn on Assets (ROA) affects tax aggressiveness, then leverage affects tax aggressiveness.
THE INFLUENCE OF ZAKAT UNDERSTANDING, TRANSPARENCY, AND ACCOUNTABILITY ON THE INTEREST OF MUZAKKI IN PAYING ZAKAT IN LAZISMU KEBUMEN REGENCY
Authors: Irnawati Risa , Khotijah Siti Afidatul , Rokhaniyah Siti
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of zakat understanding, transparency, and accountability on muzakki's interest in paying zakat at LazisMu Kebumen Regency. This research includes quantitative research which is used to determine interest in paying zakat. Data was collected in this research by distributing questionnaires to 100 muzakki using a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using a multiple linear regression approach. The results of the analysis show that zakat understanding and accountability have a positive effect on muzakki’s interest in paying zakat in LazisMu Kebumen Regency. Meanwhile, transparency does not have a significant effect on muzakki’s interest in paying zakat in LazisMu Kebumen Regency.
LÍDER NA SEGURANÇA PSICOLÓGICA PARA A QUALIDADE DO CUIDADO EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: dos Santos Neto Martins Fideles , Salomão Amanda Cássia , Piutti Vitor Augusto , Chubaci Eliana Fazuoli , Almeida Dias Thais
Published: June 2024

No ambiente de trabalho do enfermeiro, a qualidade do cuidado é significativamente impactada pela interação entre liderança e segurança psicológica, um conceito que envolve a criação de um espaço onde profissionais se sentem confiantes para compartilhar suas ideias, preocupações e erros, sem o temor de retaliação ou crítica negativa. O fator psicológico, no enfermeiro, tem a interferência da elevada carga horária, demandas físicas e emocionais, necessidade de tomada de decisões que impactam diretamente a equipe e o paciente. Neste contexto, temos a presença do líder, que possui a capacidade de influenciar sua equipe, garantindo uma assistência livre de danos aos pacientes
Using algae and brine shrimp as food chain model for bioaccumulation and biomagnification of lead and cadmium
Authors: Al-jaryan Sara Khalid , Al-Rezzaq Adi Jassim Abd , AL-Amari Moayed J.Y.
Published: June 2024

Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals occur constantly in the aquatic environment. Therefore, this study aimed to simulate the environment in the laboratory conditions and study the amount of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in two types of algae microalgae Dunaliella salina and Tetraselmis suecica. These algae were exposed to metals for a short duration of 21 days. After this period, they used these algae as food for Artemia salina (brine shrimp). The results showed that Pb was bio-accumulated in D. salina, between 12.65 and 1262 ppm, respectively, when exposed to a concentration of 50 and 1500 ppm., while the T. suecica was bio-accumulated Pb at a concentration of 20 and 1363 ppm when exposed to the same concentrations respectively. Also, Cd bio-accumulated in D. salina between 9.99 and 1148 ppm, while bioaccumulated Cd in T. suecica at a concentration of 10.71 and 1110.8 ppm, respectively, while when Artemia feed on algae (D. salina and T. suecica), that accumulated Pb and Cd after 21 days. The high biomagnification of Artemia for Pb (688.56 ppm) and the high bio-magnification of Artemia for Cd (700.99 ppm) when using D. salina as food. There are many environmental studies on the transfer of pollutants, especially heavy metals, in the food chain, but this study is one of the few studies that simulate the aquatic environment under controlled laboratory conditions for the accumulation of heavy metals in the food chain while minimizing the influence of interactions from other influences.
Environmental and economic returns for the development and management of innovations in modern irrigation systems in Egypt
Authors: Elhagarey Mohamed E. , Kashay Catalain
Published: June 2024

The pottery irrigation system is an ancient method to transport water drops slowly during porous pottery pitches, and it is filled manually. It is used in many countries and called with many names such as pitches, olla,  clay, pours and ceramic irrigation systems. The present study aimed to analyze environmental and economic returns for developing and managing innovations in modern irrigation systems during the winter seasons (2020 and 2021) in AlSharqia, Egypt. Garlic was planted in one hectare under two irrigation systems, 1) The drippers were belt-in, the flow was 4 liter per second, with a operating pressure of 1 bar and two drippers in one meter on the hose, dripper known in Egypt as (Gr), used in the experiment as a surface drip (SD) and subsurface drip (SSD) irrigation system, 2) The Innovative Follicular Drippers (IFD) had ultra-low flow (0.1 l/h and 0.2 low-head operating pressure), three IFD in one meter on the hose. The plant row had three hoses located under the soil surface by 20 cm. The soil texture was sandy loam and water salinity was 400 ppm. Soil, water, and yield measurements were conducted using more than applied energy analysis and economic feasibility. The results showed that water savings by using IFD were 45%. The highest yields were 21.6, 15.8, and 11.7 tons/ha for IFD, SD, and SSD, respectively.   The highest water productivity was 8.4, 3.4 and 2.5 kg.m-3 for IFD, SD and SSD, respectively.  Green house gases (GHG) of IFD system were lower than SD and SSD by 67%. Where the novelty and utility of IFD is the collecting of the feature of irrigation net and pottery media in one system, where the IFD irrigation is controlled like common drip irrigation and pottery media did not required to refill by water manuuly follow-stop.
Efficient isolation and long-term storage of genomic Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from the leaves of some tropical trees
Authors: D Thangamani , R Vasudevan , S Lalitha , R Anandalakshmi
Published: June 2024

Analysis of the genetic diversity of tropical trees can contribute to forming active approaches for their conservation and future use. High-quality Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is required for many molecular applications used in the analysis of genetic diversity. The present study standardized efficient DNA isolation and long-term storage protocol using the 268 leaf samples from 8 tropical tree species such as Cullenia exarillata (Malvaceae), Dalbergia latifolia, Dalbergia sissoides, Kingiodendron pinnatum (Fabaceae), Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae), Mesua ferrea (Calophyllaceae), Myristica malabarica (Myristicaceae) and Tectona grandis (Lamiaceae). The high DNA quality resulted in the present method as Mean A260/280 = 1.90 ± 0.05.  The amount of extracted DNA ranged from 23.4 ng/µL (in the mature leaf of Myristica malabarica) to 1922.7 ng/µL (in the young leaf of Dalbergia sissoides), while the yield ranged from 4.7 to 384.5 µg per 100 mg leaf sample. The extracted DNA samples of 8 species stored with 70% ethanol in the pellet form showed less DNA degradation and a maximium storage life of up to one year than those stored with TE buffer and sterile water. The integrity of one year of DNA stored in 70% ethanol was suitable for PCR amplification with RAPD and ISSR markers. The present method also facilitated efficient molecular characterization and validation of tropical tree species.
A study on the evaluation of heavy metals accumulation in electrokinetically treated sewage sludge by Spinacia oleracea
Authors: Parida Tamanna , Agnihotri Ram Sailesh , Kolli Suresh Kumar , Chakraborty Anindita , Srinivas Namuduri
Published: June 2024

The sewage sludge (SS) profile combines potentially toxic metals and organic matter that help nourish the soil in many ways. Still, toxicity raises concerns about the contamination of the food chain and pollution of the soil, water, and air. Treatment of raw SS by physical and chemical methods is a challenging task with a big budget and does not support the sustainable approach. On the other hand, phytoremediation coupled with electrokinetic treatment treats the raw sludge by extracting the maximum amount of heavy metals (HMS) and enhancing its quality by improving the physicochemical parameters. The core study of this paper is to determine the accumulation of heavy metals from EKT SS by Spinacia oleracea. Two setups were prepared by amending the SS with garden soil; one (untreated) was directly subjected to phytoremediation, whereas EKT influenced the other for 11 days and allowed the plant to grow (treated). Results have shown that the extraction of Pb and Zn was high in both sets without compromising the plant's metabolism. EKT encourages the organic carbon, pH, and conductivity of the SS and promotes the growth of the plant in comparison to the untreated setup. EKT made all elements highly available, helping plants to absorb some high elements efficiently, and some elements, such as As and Cr, reported the lowest extraction. Pb is known for its high toxicity, but Spinach could absorb more than the range by increasing its stress tolerance index.
Elucidation of nature of gene action and estimation of combining ability effects for fruit yield and its component traits and resistance to fruit and shoot borer in brinjal (Solanum melongena (L.))
Authors: Anvesh S. , Delvadiya I. R. , Farooq Filza , Abhilash P. V.
Published: June 2024

Combining ability assessment helps select parents and hybrids with high performance, which can lead to increased yield and effective crop improvement. The present study aimed to evaluate 24 diverse crosses for ten different quantitative traits using line x tester mating in the kharif season. The experiment involved the assessment of crosses, which included 4 females, 6 males, and 1 commercial cultivar (Nishant). The evaluation employed a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Major discrepancies were observed in the genotypes of both parents and hybrids for all traits, indicating a significant amount of variation in fruit yield and other characteristics that contribute to yield. JBR-20-05 was found the best general combiner for days to 50% flowering, fruit length and plant height. JBR-20-04 was found to be the best general combiner for average fruit weight, fruit girth and total fruit yield per plant. The genotype identified in the JBR-20-07 study, resistant to fruit and shoot borer infestation, held significant potential for use in breeding and selection programs to enhance the resistance of brinjal varieties. Estimation of Specific combining ability effect revealed that among the hybrids, the hybrids JBR-20-04 x JBR-20-05 recorded highly significant specific combining ability (SCA) effects for total fruit yield per plant. The cross JBR-20-03 x JBR-20-05 showed high desirable significance to SCA for fruit and shoot borer infestation. Variance due to general combining ability was less than the variance due to SCA, and the ratio of GCA to SCA variance was less than unity. When choosing hybrids to enhance yield in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) through breeding, it is crucial to prioritize specific traits that directly contribute to increased production.
Probiotic bacteria as a healthy alternative for fish and biological control agents in aquaculture
Authors: Das Pankaj , Borah Puspakhi , Bordoloi Ramashankar , Pegu Amrit , Dutta Rupam , Baruah Chittaranjan
Published: June 2024

Aquaculture is a rapidly expanding sector that contributes significantly to the global food supply, with Asia accounting for 90% of production and India being the second largest aquaculture fish producer. Probiotics are used in aquaculture techniques because of the need for aquatic organism development, higher disease resistance, and feed efficiency.  Several potential probiotics have been shown to produce antimicrobial substances that inhibit the growth of harmful microbes and preserve intestinal microecological equilibrium by allowing them to stick to stomach surfaces, thus impairing pathogenic growth. Aquaculture has benefited various industries, pharmaceuticals, and global food security in recent decades. Nevertheless, the stress conditions that aquatic creatures experience in aquaculture cause fish to become less resilient to illness and weaken their immune systems. Therefore, impacts local people's socioeconomic conditions and economic progress in many nations. Several approaches, including conventional practices, artificial chemicals, and antibiotics, have been used to control disease in the aquaculture sector. Hence, alternative techniques are far more important to keep the microbial ecosystem in aquaculture systems healthy. This review pre- sents the current understanding of probiotic use in aquaculture as a healthy alternative for fish and biological control agents in aquaculture and to find out its future direction for research.
A review on value-added goodies from different major and minor fruits from the perspective of India
Authors: Singh Sukhwant , Salaria Mani , Talekar Nilesh , Suresh Anjana
Published: June 2024

Nutrition and health are gaining significant focus as people seek convenient, nutrient-rich food options. Food processing must be efficient, cost-effective, and durable to meet these demands. Transforming fruits into diverse products using affordable technology can boost the economy for farmers and the nation. Fruit-based goods with high potassium and low salt offer substantial dietary benefits, making them valuable to health-conscious consumers.The present study aimed to study  different value-added products from fruits and to increase their shelf life. Perishable fruit has losses during postharvest changes. Different strategies are required to avoid such losses. One method is to transform fruits into value-added goods. The transition of a raw resource or commodity into a processed product by combining raw materials, labour, time, and technology to produce a higher financial return is known as value addition in fruit processing.  It focuses on ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture. Value-added fruit products can contribute to food security by achieving sustainable goals of good health and well-being.  The study concluded that value-added fruit products play a vital role in the food industry, benefiting both producers and consumers. They reduce food waste, provide economic opportunities for farmers, and offer consumers convenient, nutritious, and flavourful options. The value-added fruit product market will likely further,contributing to the agricultural sector’s sustainability and worldwide consumer well being. This review details the value-added products in fruits.
Biogas production from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) harvested from River Wouri, Douala, Cameroon
Authors: Wirngo Hermann Yuven , Bamgboye Adeleke Isaac , Ngwabie Ngwa Martin
Published: June 2024

Over the past three decades, growing global interest has been in replacing fossil fuels with clean energy from renewable resources. As a result, biogas generation from biodegradable organic waste has become increasingly popular, and water hyacinth is a menace wherever it exists. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) from River Wouri as a biogas substrate. Equal volumes (700 mL) of water hyacinth and poultry-based inoculum were prepared, each with a duplicate. The 8 substrates were placed in 1-liter plastic and incubated in a water bath at 37± 2 °C for 106 days. The substrates were subsampled before and after incubation to analyse the dry matter, moisture, volatile solids, ash contents, and pH. The volume of biogas produced from each digester was collected in plastic bags and measured every three days; hence, the methane produced was calculated. Results indicated an increase in the moisture contents of the substrates, while pH levels remained unchanged after incubation. The rate of destruction of volatile solids increased with the level of added inoculum. Biogas production started almost immediately for all the samples and largely followed a dome shape over the incubation period. Cumulative methane produced were 10.23, 11.84, 5.88, and 0.71 LCH4/kgVS, respectively, for 100% water hyacinth, 90% water hyacinth, 80% water hyacinth and 0% water hyacinth. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the weed in biogas production, which could be an important method to manage River Wouri while generating renewable energy.
إستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في الاعلان : دراسة حالة لحملة شركة كوكا كولا المدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
Authors: مرتضى صلال المكصوصي م.م.
Published: July 2024

في عصر التطورات التكنولوجية السريعة، وخاصة في مجال الذكاء الاصطناعي، يتناول هذا البحث دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحويل المشهد الإعلاني من خلال دراسة حالة محددة تتعلق بحملة كوكا كولا. ويكشف البحث كيف أدى استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي إلى تعزيز الإبداع والفعالية والتخصيص في الحملات الإعلانية، مع التركيز على التحسينات الملحوظة في أداء الحملات مقارنة بتلك التي تم تصميمها تقليديا. ويعرض أيضًا كيف يمكن لتكامل الذكاء الاصطناعي مع استراتيجيات الإعلان أن يوفر فرصًا جديدة للشركات للتفاعل مع جماهيرها بطرق مبتكرة وشخصية. يتم تناول الجوانب المختلفة لاستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي، بما في ذلك إنشاء محتوى نصي ومرئي، وتحليل البيانات الضخمة لاستهداف الجماهير بشكل أكثر دقة. ومن خلال تحليل حملة Coca-Cola المدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي، يوضح البحث كيف أدت هذه الأدوات إلى تحسين الأداء والمشاركة مع المستهلكين. وتقدم الدراسة أيضًا نظرة نقدية على التحديات الأخلاقية والقانونية المرتبطة باستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي، مثل قضايا الخصوصية وانتهاكات حقوق النشر. ويخلص البحث إلى أن الذكاء الاصطناعي يمكن أن يلعب دورًا محوريًا في صناعة الإعلان، مما يوفر إمكانيات غير مسبوقة للابتكار والتخصيص. ومع ذلك، فإنه يشدد على ضرورة تطوير إطار أخلاقي وقانوني متين للتعامل مع التحديات المرتبطة بهذه التقنيات. وفي الختام، يقدم البحث توصيات للممارسين والباحثين لاستغلال فوائد الذكاء الاصطناعي مع الحفاظ على التزام قوي بالمساءلة والشفافية.
الفلسفة والسلطة قراءة فلسفية لمفهوم السلطة عند افلاطون وفوكو
Authors: عبدالله عبدالهادي  المرهج أ. م. د.
Published: July 2024

يعد افلاطون اول الفلاسفة الذين كتبوا في السياسة فلا نجد محاورة من محاوراته تخلو من هذا الجانب، والمتمثلة بمحاورات(الجمهورية، السياسي، القوانين) وفيها حاول توضيح الفعل السياسي وطبيعته وكيفيه استغلاله في خدمة المجتمع، وهذه المحاورات مخصصة اساسا للوصول الى غايه سياسية الا وهي بناء دولة فاضلة او مثالية. وقد اشار الى ذلك في محاورته ( الجمهورية) إلى فكرة الحاكم الفيلسوف، حيث يجب أن يكون الحاكم مثقفًا وذو معرفة واسعة، وملمًا بالفلسفة ليقود المجتمع بحكمة. فقد اهتم بموضوع السلطة في سياق فلسفته السياسية، والوضع الاجتماعي الذي يعيشه المواطن الاغريقي في ظل الانظمة الاستبدادية، و بالنتيجة يجب أن تكون السلطة في أيدي الحكماء والعقلاء.
   اما ميشيل فوكو فقد قدم نظرة مختلفة عن السلطة. يرى فوكو أن السلطة ليست مجرد ملكية أو تبعية، بل هي استراتيجية تتداخل فيها العوامل الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والمعرفية، وفي كتابه (المراقبة والمعاقبة) ، أكد أن السلطة تمارس أكثر مما تتملك، وأنها تعود إلى تدابير وحيل وتقنيات. يستخدم فوكو منهج الأركيولوجيا لفهم السلطة، ويبحث عن التقاطعات والانشقاقات في الخطابات والممارسات، وبالتالي فان مفهوم السلطة يتجاوز الجوانب السياسية ويتداخل مع الاقتصاد والمعرفة والاجتماع.
"الاحتجاز القسري للأميركيين اليابانيين في الولايات المتحدة الأميركية 1942-1945 (الاسباب والدوافع والتطبيقات)"
Authors: جواد رضا رزوقي حسن السبع ا.م.د.
Published: July 2024

ادى الهجوم الياباني على ميناء بيرل هاربر، الى قيام الادارة الأميركية، بعد اعلانها الحرب على اليابان ودخلوها الحرب العالمية الثانية، بمحاولة تحييد الاميركيين من اصول يابانية والمقيمين اليابانيين والذين يتواجدون بصورة كبيرة في ولاية كاليفورنيا في الغرب الامريكي، وكان الخيار الامني هو المرجح اذ اصدر الرئيس الامريكي امرا تنفيذيا ينص على الاحتجاز القسري للأميركيين اليابانيين والمقيمين من ذات العرق، في معسكرات خاصة وفي ولايات محددة تجنبا لتأثيرهم على الامن الداخلي للولايات المتحدة. كانت المشاعر المناهضة لليابانيين في الولايات المتحدة الأميركية والدعاية المضادة التي استخدما بعض الاميركيين الذين تضرروا من المنافسة التي خلقها وجود العمالة اليابانية الرخيصة دورا في تحشيد راي عام مناهض لوجودهم في الغرب الاميركي. ولم  يكن الامر التنفيذي رقم 9066 الصادر في شباط 1942 قد حدد تفاصيل محددة للتعامل مع تلك القضية، الا ان المسؤولين التنفيذيين تعاملوا براديكالية عالية في تطبيقه، اذ تم احتجاز اكثر من 120 الف بين موطن امريكي من اصول يابانية ومقيمين، مما جعل تلك القضية واحدة من الارث غير الإنساني في ادارة الرئيس فرانكلين روزفلت. وقد حاولت العديد من الادارات الأميركية المتعاقبة التعامل مع قضية الاحتجاز القسري وبيان عدم قانونية قراراتها، مما دفع بعضها الى تعويض المتضررين نفسياً ومادياً بعد مرور أكثر من اربعة عقود.
ازدواجية اللغة الشعرية بين الفصحى والعاميّة - دراسة وصفية في تشكلات الخطاب الشعري ، ديوان الأحرف المشبهة بالمطر لـــ "حازم التميمي" اختيارًا
Authors: محمَّــــد حســن عبَّـــاس الزيـــدي أ.م. د
Published: July 2024

الملخّص:
يطــرح هــذا البحــث قــضية الازدواجيــة اللغويــة فــي نتاج الشاعر حازم التميمي، بوصفها واحــدة مــن أهــم قــضايا علــم اللغــة الاجتماعي المطروحة في الساحة النقدية، وأكثرها مساساً بحياة الإنسان بجانبيها العملي والعلمـي.
 وينقـسم البحث الذي يتخذ من المنهج الوصفي التحليلي سبيلاً لإثبات ظاهرة الازدواج اللغوي إلى محورين رئيـسين : شمل المحور الأول تفصيلاً لسيرة الشاعر ونتاجه الأدبي، ثم عرّج على ثقافته الشعرية، فيما اهتم المحور الثاني بدراسة توظيف اللهجات العاميّة في نصوصه الشعرية، والكشف عن ازدواجية اللغة الشعرية بين الفصيح والعامة عبر توظيف الشاعر لعدد غير قليل من المفردات الشعبية الشائعة في قصائده الشعرية ضمن ديوان" الأحرف المشبّهة بالمطر"، لينتهي البحث بخاتمة تضمنت أبرز ما توصل إليها الباحث.