bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health hazards related to Soba sewage treatment plant, Sudan
Authors: Abdelmoneim Rasha Osman Abdelwahab , El Mortada Mahi Eldin Mahdi Ranien Mohamed , Elahmer Rawia Moawia Elamin , Elansary Rogaya Adel Derar , Mohamed Safaa Elsafi Widaa , Abdelgader Said Hashim Ahmed , Ahmed Sakina Salah Abbasher , Abdalrhman Sally Mohamed Alfatih
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the health hazards acquired by the residents nearby Soba sewage treatment plant. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Soba locality, Khartoum, Sudan. An interviewer-administrated questionnaire was assigned to 462 residents of the area living in four geographically distributed squares around the sewage plant. The data was analyzed in SPSS; Cronbach’s alpha reliability scale of measurement was used to check the internal validity of six variables related to the quality of life. A logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the health hazards and the quality of life. Among the 462 residents, difficulty in breathing (37.9%) and nausea (37.2) were the principal health hazards. Moreover, the residents had a satisfactory level of awareness (88.7%) about the health hazards. The utmost impact on the quality of life was psychological (97.2%). It was statistically correlated with the reported factors, which impacted the quality of life in the district as revealed by the Cronbach’s alpha reliability test with absenteeism (P=0.026), disability (P=0.014), socialization (P=0.032) and death (P=0.016). A logistic regression analysis revealed chemical hazards had a statistically significant association (P<0.05) with quality of life of the residents of Soba district. The study strongly entails the fact that sewage treatment plants crave exceptional consideration from the concerned responsible authorities, together with the fact that the evolved health threats should be confronted with immense responsibility as soon as possible.
Soil map units of Minas Gerais State from the perspective of Hydrologic Groups
Authors: Silva Lucas Alves da , Silva Antônio Marciano da , Coelho Gilberto , Pinto Leandro Campos
Published: January 2018

The knowledge of water availability is the basis for water resource planning and management. The Soil Map Units of the State of Minas Gerais were interpreted from the perspective of Hydrologic Groups based on the Curve Number - Soil Conservation Service method, with the addition of pedological elements of the mapped units. The generated products were used in three different physiographic environments of the Minas Gerais State. According to results, most of Minas Gerais falls within Hydrologic Groups A and B, indicating that the soils in these areas present low surface runoff and high water infiltration rates. The characterization and spatialization of the hydrological regime, with emphasis on information about the soils of Minas Gerais, as applied this study, has a level of detail not yet employed in studies of this scope, apart from the initiative to interpret them from the perspective of soil hydrological groups. The mapping of the three water resources planning and management units, composed of distinct environments, from the perspective of hydrological groups, allowed verification of the proposed methodology’s potential, which can be used to support the management and planning of the water resources of Minas Gerais. Interpretive studies of soil maps from a hydrological perspective are essential to improve our understanding of water surpluses in a given region.
Etude de l’excrétion urinaire des stéroïdes anabolisants chez des veaux après traitement séquentiel. Influence du jeûne et de l’abattage
Authors: Willemart Jean-Pierre , Bouffault Jean-Claude , Egron L.
Published: January 2018

Urinary excretion of anabolicsteroids in calves after sequential treatment infuence of fasting and slaughter.

12 Normandy calves, 8 days old, 50 kg live weight were divided in 4 groups :

controls (male), treated 2 times (male) 1 time (male), time (female).

Urine was sampled in calves normally fed

after 12 h, 24 h, 28 h of fasting at slaughter after 32 h of fasting

Urinary excretion of E2 β and α, TBOH β and α, testosterone, progesterone were evaluated by RIA after the end of each period.

The urinary excretion’s variations are reported and discussed.
Le buffle domestique est-il réellement réceptif à la péripneumonie bovine ?
Authors: Provost A.
Published: January 2018

Is the domestic buffaloes really susceptible to contagious bovine pleuropneumonia ?

Domestic buffaloes (river and marsh types) are not experimentally susceptible to contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. They do not seem to play any role in the epidemiology of the disease.
L'enseignement de la botanique et la mort subite au pré
Authors: Guilhon Jean
Published: January 2018

Teaching of botanics and sudden death in the medow

Exposition of case of sudden death in the medow provocated by consumption of toxic plants (Glyceria aquatica, Oenanthe crocata, Mercurialis annua, Taxus baccata), of bovines and horses.
L'ours des Pyrénées. II. Son sauvetage
Authors: Rousseau M.
Published: January 2018

Pyrénean bear. II. Its Saving

After his introduction here (Bulletin 1986, p. 177-8) : the collective book, about brown bear in Pyrénées : disappearance or live together, the author sums up most recents papers about the greatest “carnivorous” so threatened, and its defence.
Etude statistique de la notation NORECOIN en restauration collective sociale
Authors: Catsaras Marc , Leprêtre Alain , Dessaint F.
Published: January 2018

Les 27 notes NORECOIN quadrimestrielles de 3 groupes de restaurants ont été examinées statistiquement en relation avec les pourcentages de plats cuisinés non conformes et de plats autres non satisfaisants. La corrélation existante a permis d’établir un modèle qui explique 99,2 % des variations de la note NORECOIN.

Une étude théorique globale de ce problème est maintenant possible.
Le Vétérinaire Principal Emile Decroix (1821-1901). Pionnier de la lutte contre le tabagisme
Authors: Michel Cl.
Published: January 2018

A l’occasion de la séance exceptionnelle de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France consacrée à «l'Homme, l'animal et le tabac», la vie et l’œuvre d'Emile Decroix, Vétérinaire militaire, méritaient d’être rappelées.

Mu par une générosité sans limite alliée à une forte volonté qui lui feront sacrifier sa carrière et sa fortune, Decroix s'est dévoué à plusieurs actions philantropiques dont la lutte contre le tabac fut la principale. Fondateur des deux premières sociétés contre l’abus du tabac en 1868 et en 1877, son action de santé publique est aujourd’hui perpétuée par celle du Comité National Contre le Tabagisme et l’émergence d’une prise de conscience collective sur les méfaits du tabac.
Etude d’un nouveau syndrome du veau charolais nouveau-né : les gastro-entérites paralysantes. I. Etude clinique, premiers résultats épidémiologiques
Authors: Navetat Hervé , Espinasse Jacques , Blanc F. , Poulet B.
Published: January 2018

Un nouveau syndrome diarrhéique associé à des symptômes nerveux généraux et locomoteurs a été identifié en Charolais chez des veaux de moins de deux semaines d’âge. Il présente des analogies avec une maladie congénitale liée à un trouble du métabolisme des aminoacides ramifiés mais le rôle plus probable de colibacilles produisant des cytotoxines neurotoxiques est à confirmer.
Le rétrovirus de l’arthrite encéphalite caprine
Authors: Perrin Gérard
Published: January 2018

Le syndrome de l'arthrite encéphalite caprine (AEC) est une maladie virale des chèvres provoquée par un rétrovirus (sous-famille des lentivirus).

Il est caractérisé chez les jeunes chèvres par une leucoencéphalomyé-lite et chez les adultes par une arthrite chronique, une pneumonie et une mammite. L'agent causal est transmis par le colostrum et le lait, mais d’autres voies semblent importantes (sécrétions respiratoires,...).

Le VAEC est mondialement répandu, mais surtout localisé dans les systèmes laitiers intensifs.

Le diagnostic est fondé sur des tests cliniques, sérologiques et virologiques.

Un vaccin n'est pas disponible. Le contrôle de l'AEC est basé sur la séparation des jeunes et des adultes, l’élevage séparé des chèvres infectées et l'élimination des animaux anticorps AEC positifs après les tests sérologiques.
Les modèles animaux du SIDA
Authors: Tambourin Pierre , Maurin-Blanchet Henri
Published: January 2018

Le syndrome d’immuno-déficience acquise dont l'importance et la gravité chez l’homme sont connus, exige que toutes les voies possibles de la recherche en ce domaine soient explorées.

Il existe ainsi un certain nombre d'espèces animales présentant des manifestations pathologiques s’apparentant à celles observées au cours du SIDA.

Toutefois si, dans ces quelques cas, des rétrovirus sont bien en cause, les mécanismes à l’origine de leurs effets immunodépresseurs ne sont pas aisément superposables à ceux du virus de l’immunodéficience de l'homme (VIH).

De ce fait des rappels sur les rétrovirus, transformants ou non, ont été jugés indispensables à la compréhension de cette vaste famille dont la classification a subi plusieurs remaniements. Le mécanisme de leur pathogénie, au plan cellulaire notamment, est décrit.

Une exploration systématique des différents modèles existants a permis la mise en évidence d'un certain nombre d’espèces animales lesquelles développent naturellement des syndromes analogues à celui de l'homme, tels le chat, les bovins, les petits ruminants, et les primates, surtout les macaques.

En fait, à l'exception des modèles Simiens, il n’y a guère de modèle animal naturel ou expérimental parfait de la maladie humaine, et la définition d’un modèle du SIDA, si elle peut être aisément énoncée, ne trouve pas dans la pratique d'exemple parfaitement satisfaisant.

Des injections expérimentales par le VIH chez les souris, transgéniques notamment, le lapin, les chimpanzés surtout, constituent des voies de recherche non négligeables en vue de la mise au point de vaccins ou de traitements directement applicables à l’homme.
Le rôle du singe de Java (Macaca fascicularis) dans l’épidémiologie de la trypanosomose aux Philippines
Authors: Dennig H.
Published: January 2018

Le sang de 343 singes fût examiné pour la prévalence de l’infection à trypanosomes. Un seul s’avéra positif en milieu de culture. L’identité de Trypanosoma evansi fut exclue, M. fascicularis, cependant se montrait susceptible à cette espèce. Les trypanosomes isolés étaient passagers aux cultures et transmis avec succès à M. fascicularis, Rattus rattus mindanensis, des souris de laboratoires et aux punaises. L’espèce des trypanosomes fut classifiée comme Trypanosoma conorhini (Megatrypanum).

M. fascicularis est considéré comme un hôte définitif accidentel et comme un réservoir potentiel du Surra.
Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates
Authors: Zhang Lin , Chen Youfan , Zhao Yuanhong , Henze Daven K. , Zhu Liye , Song Yu , Paulot Fabien , Liu Xuejun , Pan Yuepeng , Lin Yi , Huang Binxiang
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Current estimates of agricultural ammonia (NH3) emissions in China differ by more than a factor of 2, hindering our understanding of their environmental consequences. Here we apply both bottom-up statistical and top-down inversion methods to quantify NH3 emissions from agriculture in China for the year 2008. We first assimilate satellite observations of NH3 column concentration from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model to optimize Chinese anthropogenic NH3 emissions at the 1∕2°  ×  2∕3° horizontal resolution for March–October 2008. Optimized emissions show a strong summer peak, with emissions about 50 % higher in summer than spring and fall, which is underestimated in current bottom-up NH3 emission estimates. To reconcile the latter with the top-down results, we revisit the processes of agricultural NH3 emissions and develop an improved bottom-up inventory of Chinese NH3 emissions from fertilizer application and livestock waste at the 1∕2°  ×  2∕3° resolution. Our bottom-up emission inventory includes more detailed information on crop-specific fertilizer application practices and better accounts for meteorological modulation of NH3 emission factors in China. We find that annual anthropogenic NH3 emissions are 11.7 Tg for 2008, with 5.05 Tg from fertilizer application and 5.31 Tg from livestock waste. The two sources together account for 88 % of total anthropogenic NH3 emissions in China. Our bottom-up emission estimates also show a distinct seasonality peaking in summer, consistent with top-down results from the satellite-based inversion. Further evaluations using surface network measurements show that the model driven by our bottom-up emissions reproduces the observed spatial and seasonal variations of NH3 gas concentrations and ammonium (NH4+) wet deposition fluxes over China well, providing additional credibility to the improvements we have made to our agricultural NH3 emission inventory.
Coupling of organic and inorganic aerosol systems and the effect on gas–particle partitioning in the southeastern US
Authors: Pye Havala O. T. , Zuend Andreas , Fry Juliane L. , Isaacman-VanWertz Gabriel , Capps Shannon L. , Appel K. Wyat , Foroutan Hosein , Xu Lu , Ng Nga L. , Goldstein Allen H.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Several models were used to describe the partitioning of ammonia, water, and organic compounds between the gas and particle phases for conditions in the southeastern US during summer 2013. Existing equilibrium models and frameworks were found to be sufficient, although additional improvements in terms of estimating pure-species vapor pressures are needed. Thermodynamic model predictions were consistent, to first order, with a molar ratio of ammonium to sulfate of approximately 1.6 to 1.8 (ratio of ammonium to 2  ×  sulfate, RN∕2S  ≈  0.8 to 0.9) with approximately 70 % of total ammonia and ammonium (NHx) in the particle. Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization Network (SEARCH) gas and aerosol and Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in Ambient air (MARGA) aerosol measurements were consistent with these conditions. CMAQv5.2 regional chemical transport model predictions did not reflect these conditions due to a factor of 3 overestimate of the nonvolatile cations. In addition, gas-phase ammonia was overestimated in the CMAQ model leading to an even lower fraction of total ammonia in the particle. Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) and aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements indicated less ammonium per sulfate than SEARCH and MARGA measurements and were inconsistent with thermodynamic model predictions. Organic compounds were predicted to be present to some extent in the same phase as inorganic constituents, modifying their activity and resulting in a decrease in [H+]air (H+ in µg m−3 air), increase in ammonia partitioning to the gas phase, and increase in pH compared to complete organic vs. inorganic liquid–liquid phase separation. In addition, accounting for nonideal mixing modified the pH such that a fully interactive inorganic–organic system had a pH roughly 0.7 units higher than predicted using traditional methods (pH  =  1.5 vs. 0.7). Particle-phase interactions of organic and inorganic compounds were found to increase partitioning towards the particle phase (vs. gas phase) for highly oxygenated (O : C  ≥  0.6) compounds including several isoprene-derived tracers as well as levoglucosan but decrease particle-phase partitioning for low O : C, monoterpene-derived species.
Field intercomparison of prevailing sonic anemometers
Authors: Mauder Matthias , Zeeman Matthias J.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Three-dimensional sonic anemometers are the core component of eddy covariance
systems, which are widely used for micrometeorological and ecological
research. In order to characterize the measurement uncertainty of these
instruments we present and analyse the results from a field intercomparison
experiment of six commonly used sonic anemometer models from four major
manufacturers. These models include Campbell CSAT3, Gill HS-50 and R3, METEK
uSonic-3 Omni, R. M. Young 81000 and 81000RE. The experiment was conducted
over a meadow at the TERENO/ICOS site DE-Fen in southern Germany over a
period of 16 days in June of 2016 as part of the ScaleX campaign. The
measurement height was 3 m for all sensors, which were separated by 9 m
from each other, each on its own tripod, in order to limit contamination of
the turbulence measurements by adjacent structures as much as possible.
Moreover, the high-frequency data from all instruments were treated with the
same post-processing algorithm. In this study, we compare the results for
various turbulence statistics, which include mean horizontal wind speed,
standard deviations of vertical wind velocity and sonic temperature, friction
velocity, and the buoyancy flux. Quantitative measures of uncertainty, such
as bias and comparability, are derived from these results. We find that
biases are generally very small for all sensors and all computed variables,
except for the sonic temperature measurements of the two Gill sonic
anemometers (HS and R3), confirming a known transducer-temperature dependence
of the sonic temperature measurement. The best overall agreement between the
different instruments was found for the mean wind speed and the buoyancy
flux.
Uncertainties in the heliosheath ion temperatures
Authors: Scherer Klaus , Fahr Hans Jörg , Fichtner Horst , Sylla Adama , Richardson John D. , Lazar Marian
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The Voyager plasma observations show that the physics of the heliosheath is rather complex and that the temperature
derived from observation particularly differs from expectations. To explain this fact, the temperature in the heliosheath should be based on
κ distributions instead of Maxwellians because the former allows for much higher temperature. Here we show an easy way to
calculate the κ temperatures when those estimated from the data are given as Maxwellian temperatures. We use the moments of
the Maxwellian and κ distributions to estimate the κ temperature. Moreover, we show that the pressure (temperature)
given by a truncated κ distribution is similar to that given by a Maxwellian and only starts to increase for higher truncation
velocities. We deduce a simple formula to convert the Maxwellian to κ pressure or temperature. We apply this result to the
Voyager 2 observations in the heliosheath. Keywords. Space plasma physics (kinetic and MHD theory)
Detecting the permafrost carbon feedback: talik formation and increased cold-season respiration as precursors to sink-to-source transitions
Authors: Parazoo Nicholas C. , Koven Charles D. , Lawrence David M. , Romanovsky Vladimir , Miller Charles E.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Thaw and release of permafrost carbon (C) due to climate change is likely to
offset increased vegetation C uptake in northern high-latitude (NHL)
terrestrial ecosystems. Models project that this permafrost C feedback may
act as a slow leak, in which case detection and attribution of the feedback
may be difficult. The formation of talik, a subsurface layer of perennially
thawed soil, can accelerate permafrost degradation and soil respiration,
ultimately shifting the C balance of permafrost-affected ecosystems from
long-term C sinks to long-term C sources. It is imperative to understand and
characterize mechanistic links between talik, permafrost thaw, and
respiration of deep soil C to detect and quantify the permafrost C feedback.
Here, we use the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4.5, a permafrost and
biogeochemistry model, in comparison to long-term deep borehole data along
North American and Siberian transects, to investigate thaw-driven C sources
in NHL (> 55∘ N) from 2000 to 2300. Widespread talik at depth is
projected across most of the NHL permafrost region
(14 million km2) by 2300, 6.2 million km2 of which is
projected to become a long-term C source, emitting 10 Pg C by 2100,
50 Pg C by 2200, and 120 Pg C by 2300, with few signs of
slowing. Roughly half of the projected C source region is in predominantly
warm sub-Arctic permafrost following talik onset. This region emits only
20 Pg C by 2300, but the CLM4.5 estimate may be biased low by not
accounting for deep C in yedoma. Accelerated decomposition of deep soil
C following talik onset shifts the ecosystem C balance away from surface
dominant processes (photosynthesis and litter respiration), but
sink-to-source transition dates are delayed by 20–200 years by high
ecosystem productivity, such that talik peaks early (∼ 2050s, although borehole
data suggest sooner) and C source transition peaks late
(∼ 2150–2200). The remaining C source region in cold northern Arctic
permafrost, which shifts to a net source early (late 21st century), emits
5 times more C (95 Pg C) by 2300, and prior to talik formation due
to the high decomposition rates of shallow, young C in organic-rich soils
coupled with low productivity. Our results provide important clues signaling
imminent talik onset and C source transition, including (1) late cold-season
(January–February) soil warming at depth (∼ 2 m),
(2) increasing cold-season emissions (November–April), and (3) enhanced
respiration of deep, old C in warm permafrost and young, shallow C in organic-rich cold permafrost soils. Our results suggest a mosaic of processes that
govern carbon source-to-sink transitions at high latitudes and emphasize the
urgency of monitoring soil thermal profiles, organic C age and content, cold-season CO2 emissions, and
atmospheric 14CO2 as key indicators
of the permafrost C feedback.
Proceedings, 115th Annual Meeting Medical Library Association, Inc. Austin, TX May 15–20, 2015
Authors: Mitchell Nicole
Published: January 2018

The Medical Library Association (MLA) held its 115th annual meeting in Austin, Texas, May 15–20, 2015, at the Austin Convention Center and Austin Hilton. The meeting theme was ‘‘Librarians without Limits.’’
Research evaluation support services in biomedical libraries
Authors: Gutzman Karen Elizabeth , Bales Michael E. , Belter Christopher W. , Chambers Thane , Chan Liza , Holmes Kristi L. , Lu Ya-Ling , Palmer Lisa A. , Reznik-Zellen Rebecca C. , Sarli Cathy C. , Suiter Amy M. , Wheeler Terrie R.
Published: January 2018

Objective: The paper review provides a review of current practices related to evaluating support services reported by seven biomedical and research libraries.Methods: A group of seven libraries from the United States and Canada described their experiences with establishing evaluation support services at their libraries. A questionnaire was distributed among the libraries to elicit information as to program development, service and staffing models, campus partnerships, training, products such as tools and reports, and resources used for evaluation support services. The libraries also reported interesting projects, lessons learned, and future plans.Results: The seven libraries profiled in this paper report a variety of service models in providing evaluation support services to meet the needs of campus stakeholders. The service models range from research center cores, partnerships with research groups, and library programs with staff dedicated to evaluation support services. A variety of products and services were described such as an automated tool to develop rank-based metrics, consultation on appropriate metrics to use for evaluation, customized publication and citation reports, resource guides, classes and training, and others. Implementing these services has allowed the libraries to expand their roles on campus and to contribute more directly to the research missions of their institutions.Conclusions: Libraries can leverage a variety of evaluation support services as an opportunity to successfully meet an array of challenges confronting the biomedical research community, including robust efforts to report and demonstrate tangible and meaningful outcomes of biomedical research and clinical care. These services represent a transformative direction that can be emulated by other biomedical and research libraries.
Satellite stories: capturing professional experiences of academic health sciences librarians working in delocalized health sciences programs
Authors: Phinney Jackie , Horsman Amanda Rose
Published: January 2018

Objective: Health sciences training programs have progressively expanded onto satellite campuses, allowing students the opportunity to learn in communities away from an academic institution’s main campus. This expansion has encouraged a new role for librarians to assume, in that a subset of health sciences librarians identify as “satellite librarians” who are permanently located at a distance from the main campus. Due to the unique nature of this role and lack of existing data on the topic, the authors investigated the experiences and perceptions of this unique group of information professionals.Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to health sciences librarians via two prominent North American email discussion lists. Questions addressed the librarians’ demographics, feelings of social inclusion, technological support, autonomy, professional support, and more.Results: Eighteen surveys were analyzed. While several respondents stated that they had positive working relationships with colleagues, many cited issues with technology, scheduling, and lack of consideration as barriers to feeling socially included at both the parent and local campuses. Social inclusion, policy creation, and collection management issues were subject to their unique situations and their colleagues’ perceptions of their roles as satellite librarians.Conclusions: The results from this survey suggest that the role of the academic health sciences librarian at the satellite campus needs to be clearly communicated and defined. This, in turn, will enhance the experience for the librarian and provide better service to the client.
El papel de la música en la configuración de la esfera pública española durante el siglo XIX. Ideas y pautas de investigación
Authors: Cruz Valenciano Jesús
Published: January 2018

Como en el resto del mundo occidental, en España se fue configurando una nueva esfera pública desde mediados del siglo XVIII. En años recientes la historiografía española ha avanzado de manera notable en el estudio de la historia de esa configuración, desde sus inicios en las academias y las sociedades de amigos dieciochescas, hasta las formas más complejas de lo público en la sociedad actual. No obstante, esta historia adolece de enormes lagunas y áreas incógnitas. Una de esas lagunas es la referida al papel que jugó la música en el proceso de creación de nuevos espacios públicos de sociabilidad, debate y actividad cívica en la época liberal. Este artículo introduce algunas ideas y propone pautas de investigación sobre cómo abordar el estudio de la conformación de un moderno público musical en la España del siglo XIX.
Effectiveness of lateral and secondary canal filling with different endodontic sealers and obturation techniques
Authors: Teixeira Camila Krusser , Da Silva Sabrina Sasso , Waltrick Silvana Beltrami Gonçalves , Morgental Renata Dornelles , Vier-Pelisser Fabiana Vieira , Scarparo Roberta Kochenborger
Published: January 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the new endodontic sealer GuttaFlow 2 with conventional sealers (AH Plus and EndoFill) in filling artificial lateral and secondary root canals, using two obturation techniques (cold lateral condensation and Tagger’s hybrid technique). Methods: Sixty single-rooted human teeth were selected and submitted to root canal preparation. Next, specimens were subjected to a tooth decalcification and clearing method. Artificial lateral and secondary canals were created at 2, 5, 9 and 12 mm from the root apex. The specimens were divided into 6 groups (n=10) according to the endodontic sealer (GuttaFlow 2, AH Plus or EndoFill) and the obturation technique (cold lateral condensation or Tagger’s hybrid technique). Filling of lateral and secondary canals was analyzed by stereomicroscopy. Images were obtained and transferred to the ImageJ software. Mean percentages of filling were calculated, considering total linear measurements of artificial canals and their filled portions. Data were compared by two-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test, at 5% significance level. Results: All materials showed the capacity of penetrating into artificial lateral and secondary canals. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between sealers and obturation techniques. Only GuttaFlow 2 showed significant better flow into lateral canals compared to secondary canals (P
Resistência compressiva da resina composta na face proximal de cavidades classe II em diferentes profundidades: estudo in vitro
Authors: Signor Laryssa , Dullius Angela Isabel , Biacchi Gislaine Rosa
Published: January 2018

Introdução: Apesar do notável aumento de restaurações posteriores com resinas compostas nos últimos anos, ainda existem dificuldades quanto à técnica restauradora em se tratamento de cavidades com envolvimento da face proximal. Considera-se que a intensidade de luz que atinge os incrementos da resina na base é menor do que a intensidade próxima à superfície, podendo comprometer as propriedades mecânicas e o sucesso da restauração. Objetivo: Investigar a resistência compressiva dos incrementos de resina composta de uso direto na base da caixa proximal de restaurações classe II em diferentes profundidades. Material e método: Foram confeccionados 40 espécimes de resina composta (Z100, 3M ESPE) com espessura de 2mm, em dentes preparados nas respectivas profundidades e divididos em quatro grupos: G1 (uso de resina Alpha Plast autopolimerizável, na profundidade de 2mm); G2 (2mm); G3 (4mm) e G4 (6mm). Após, os espécimes foram armazenados em soro fisiológico durante 30 dias e, posteriormente, submetidos ao teste de resistência à compressão em máquina universal de ensaios EMIC DL-2000, com célula de carga de 50 KgF e velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Resultado: A média dos valores de resistência à fratura (MPa), pelo teste ANOVA, foram: 52,86; 48,55; 44,89; 42,67 para G1, G2, G3 e G4 respectivamente. Conclusão: Não houve diferença significativa na resistência à compressão entre incrementos de resina composta inseridas na base da face proximal de preparos do tipo classe II em diferentes profundidades utilizando-se o protocolo adotado.
Eficácia antibacteriana de agentes de limpeza na desinfecção de superfícies de consultórios odontológicos
Authors: Genz Tiago Butzge , Callai Tássia , Schlesener Vânia Rosimeri Frantz , De Oliveira Caio Fernando , Renner Jane Dagmar Pollo
Published: January 2018

Introdução e objetivos: a desinfecção é um processo que visa à eliminação de microrganismos de objetos inanimados e superfícies. O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar e identificar os microrganismos antes e depois da desinfecção com quatro diferentes agentes em clínicas odontológicas de uma universidade no período de março a abril de 2016. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo transversal e de intervenção, onde foram analisadas 80 superfícies das mesas de apoio e refletor de luz das clínicas antes e depois da utilização dos desinfetantes álcool 70%, peróxido de hidrogênio, hipoclorito de sódio 5% e Incidin®. A coleta de material foi realizada com o uso de swab estéril, que foi rolado sobre 1 cm2 da superfície a ser analisada e incubado em 5 ml de caldo BHI (Brain Heart Infusion). As bactérias que cresceram após a inoculação do caldo BHI em meios sólidos foram identificadas por metodologia microbiológica convencional. Resultados: os agentes de maior eficácia foram o Incidin® e o hipoclorito de sódio 5% com 100% de eficácia. Os testes com peróxido de hidrogênio e o álcool 70% apresentaram 90 e 50% de eficácia, respectivamente. Das 80 placas semeadas, os microrganismos encontrados antes do uso dos desinfetantes foram Staphylococcus Coagulase Negativa (80%) Staphylococcus aureus (30%) e Corynebacterium sp. (20%). Em 24 amostras foi encontrado mais de um microrganismo. Conclusão: hipoclorito de sódio 5% e Incidin® apresentaram 100% de eficiência na desinfecção dos manipuladores dos refletores de luz e das bancadas dos consultórios odontológicos.
La evaluación tradicional vs. evaluación alternativa en la FAREM-Carazo
Authors: Valverde Xiomara
Published: January 2018

En los siguientes apartados se abordará la temática relacionada con la evaluación educativa, la evaluación tradicional y alternativa, su carácter innovador, democrática y la perspectiva cultural de la misma. La Evaluación Educativa se  ha venido aplicando de  forma tradicional mayormente, aunque también  existe el enfoque de la evaluación alternativa que, como su nombre lo indica, ha  revolucionado el enfoque tradicionalista de la misma. Esta se ha convertido en  innovadora, a esto se le suma su carácter de democrática para poder cambiar su  perspectiva Cultural.En primer instancia, la evaluación educativa ha sido definida por diferentes autores usando diferentes elementos que vienen a enriquecer cada día ese concepto haciéndolo más completo e integrador. Por tanto, esta se ha aplicado en el medio escolar de una forma tradicional, esto significa que se hace a través de exámenes y pruebas escritas con el fin de obtener un número que satisfaga tanto a padres como maestros al asignar una cantidad para medir el conocimiento de sus hijos y alumnos.
Conceptual Teaching Based on Scientific Storyline Method and Conceptual Change Texts: Latitude-Parallel Concepts
Authors: Uzunoz Abdulkadir
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the conceptual mistakes frequently encountered in teaching geography such as latitude-parallel concepts, and to prepare conceptual change text based on the Scientific Storyline Method, in order to resolve the identified misconceptions. In this study, the special case method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, is used and it was conducted with a holistic one-state pattern. As a result of the two-stage diagnostic test applied to fifty (50) ninth-grade students attending a high school in Nevşehir, some preliminary information about the misconceptions about the latitude-parallel concepts have been determined. Students were asked questions about latitude-parallel concepts. The responses obtained from the questions were evaluated with four criteria; understanding, limited understanding, not understanding and misunderstanding. In the study, introductory scientific storyline, which is one of the scientific storyline techniques, has been included in the logical stage of conceptual change text. The concepts are hidden in the narrative, and aimed at the students' analysis and exploration. In the study, it was determined that the students had confused the concepts of latitude-parallel and described them as circular shapes. Conceptual change text has been prepared for eliminating these misconceptions in students.
Impeachment, perversão e misoginia
Authors: Amaral Muriel Emídio Pessoa , Arias Neto José Miguel
Published: January 2018

A proposta desse artigo é de discutir as montagens e fetiches perversos acerca da presidente Dilma Rousseff, tendo como parâmetro manifestações misóginas nos sites e revistas Veja e Isto É. A partir da concepção sobre discurso elaborada por Michel Foucault, o artigo pretende esclarecer como esse dispositivo estava a par de noções perversas, da mesma forma que ações midiatizadas também integram no espaço social como ações perversas por esses discursos.
BELTRAMIM, Fabiana. Sujeitos iluminados: a reconstituição das experiências vividas no estúdio de Christiano Jr. São Paulo: Alameda, 2013.
Authors: Santiago Bruna Oliveira
Published: January 2018

Resenha do livro "Sujeitos iluminados", de Fabiana Beltramim.
The Relationship between Adolescent Development and Marriage in Cirendeu Village, District East Ciputat, South Tangerang, Banten Province of Indonesia
Authors: Hejazziey Djawahir
Published: January 2018

The aim in this study is to describe the adolescent development and marriage, this time quite contrary to marriage is based on the religion of Islam. This study uses a analisis quantitative, approach deskripitif and inferential analysis. The normality test analysis, correlation, regression analysis and uses Test-T. Sample is adolescents (residents) in the village Cireundeu, District East Ciputat, South Tangerang, Banten province. The total sample is 150 people. The results showed that there is a relationship between adolescent development and marriage. It is seen from a wedding going on in teenagers is not only formed from adolescent development, but also of other factors. It can be concluded that the marriage occurred among adolescents is one of the developments of promiscuity with their peers. This promiscuity occurs because of lack of understanding and knowledge of adolescents to promiscuity and a lack of understanding of the value of religion. Religious educations in adolescents to be conducted if want to changes in behavior and personality.
Glyphosate Stimulates the Accumulation of N-Compounds, Grain Yield and Seed Vigor in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean
Authors: Silva Marcio S. , Oliveira Gustavo R. F. , Lazarini Edson , Sá Marco E. , Souza Lucas A. , Justino Gilberto C. , Martins Aline R. , Camargos Liliane S.
Published: January 2018

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean is widely used in agriculture, however, plants exposed to herbicide show physiological changes. This study investigated the effect of treatments with glyphosate on the metabolism of N compounds, crop yield and physiological quality of seeds in GR soybean. The plants were grown in field experiment, located in the city of Selvíria, MS, Brazil. Glyphosate was applied postemergence at V4 crop stage in a dose-response, including four rates (0; 360; 720 and 1440 g e. a. ha-1) with four replicates. Crop yield, physiological and biochemical features were determined. The results revealed previously unreported stimulant effects of glyphosate on GR soybean plants. Glyphosate changed the ureide shape in leaves, but did not change the concentration of total ureides, indicating maintenance of biological nitrogen fixation in plants exposed to herbicide. Amino acids concentration increased in plants submitted to higher doses. GR soybean showed higher crop yield and seed vigor with increased glyphosate doses. The results of this study indicate that glyphosate does not cause stress to the plant; however, it modulates a distinct response in plant development due to the protective gene inserted. This study can serve as a matrix for additional studies in order to seek clarification of responses of resistant/tolerant plants to glyphosate.
Micropropagation’s Complete Protocol of Red Araçá (Psidium cattleianum, Myrtaceae) from Germinated Seeds in vitro
Authors: Freire Cassio G. , Gardin João P. P. , Baratto Cesar M. , Vieira Renato L. , Werner Simone S.
Published: January 2018

Red Araçá’s (Psidium cattleianum) micropropagation processes have shown enormous potential both in terms of research and as a sustainable native resource to be used in the areas of food production, ecology, and pharmacology. Currently, however, despite that potential, research efforts involving this myrtaceae, native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, have been scarce. With that in mind, this study set out to establish micropropagation techniques that would allow the development of a feasible protocol to be used with Red Araçá, achieving its mircropropagation from in vitro germinated seeds. Different types of explants were tested for in vitro establishment. For the multiplication of nodal segments, different concentrations of BAP and IAA combinations were tested in an MS medium. Using the same medium, different concentrations of ampicillin were applied in order to determine its influence on the decontamination of the apical segments. The BAP and IAA combinations were also used to test their effects on the in vitro explants’ development and rooting. During pre-acclimatization, survival of in vitro rooted plants was tested in a nebulizer chamber, using a commercial substrate and that same substrate mixed with washed sand (1:1). In essence, it was indeed possible to develop a complete protocol for the micropropagation of the Red Araçá from seedlings obtained by in vitro germination. The in vitro introduction of the Red Araçá was rather efficient, independently of the type of explants used. As the BAP and IAA concentrations increased, so did the in vitro seedlings’ development (7 leaves explant-1) and rooting (67%). Additionally, the in vitro rooted plants exhibited a high rate of survival (80%) in the pre-acclimatization phase, independently of the substrate used.
In virto Propagation Response of Rosmarinus officinalis L. to Biotic and Abiotic Elicitors on Phenolic Content and Photosynthetic Pigments
Authors: Darwesh Hadeer Yahia , Alayafi Aisha Abdullah
Published: January 2018

Micropropagation protocol was modified to evaluate the best procedure to induce multiple shoots from Rosmarinus officinalis L. sterilized seedlings obtained from seeds which vitality is always very low. Aseptic shoots (1-1.5 cm) were cultured on full strength Murashige and Skoog medium modified with several growth regulators (abiotic elicitors): Benzyladenine (BA), Kinetin (Kin) and coconut water (biotic elicitors). Data was indicated that BA at the concentration of 3 mg/L encouraged shoot multiplication. The highest number of leaves and plant length also was obtained with medium modified with 3 mg/L BA and coconut milk at 5 ml/L. All treatments were significantly different from the control. Total phenolics content, anthocyanins, chlorophylls were extracted and spectrophotometrically determined as secondary products. Data was concluded the highest content of phenolic 10.45 (mg/g) and chlorophyll b 0.67 (mg/g) when BA was 3.0 mg/L. Whereas chlorophyll a reached to 0.64 mg/g in presence of 5.0 mg/L BA and 5.0 ml/L coconut milk. Anthocyanin scored high level when BA was 3.0 mg/L combined with 5.0 ml/L coconut milk.
Impacts of Agricultural Cooperatives on Farmers’ Revenues in Cambodia: A Case Study of Tram Kak District, Takeo Province
Authors: Hun Sereynithia , Ito Shoichi , Isoda Hiroshi , Amekawa Yuichiro
Published: January 2018

Agricultural cooperatives in Cambodia have been promoted with the aim of increasing agricultural production and farmers’ revenues. The objectives of this study are to identify factors influencing farmers’ decision on membership in agricultural cooperatives, and to assess the impact of being a member in those cooperatives on farmers’ revenues from paddy, livestock and farm. Cross-sectional data from interviews of 242 households in Tram Kak District, Takeo Province were used. The probit model and propensity score matching were employed to achieve the objectives. The results show that farmers who sold their paddy and had been contacted by extension workers from the government agency and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are more likely to join the cooperatives while male-headed household farmers and farmers who have high off-farm income are less likely to become members of the cooperatives. Moreover, the results of propensity score matching reveal that agricultural cooperatives have no impact on paddy yields and paddy revenue due to the fact that agricultural cooperatives do not provide sufficient training to their members, and members did not actively attend those trainings provided. Also, the cooperatives have failed to provide members better prices for their paddy. There are positive impacts on their livestock and farm revenues through increasing livestock and other crop production when agricultural cooperatives provide livestock and other crop training to their members. However, there is no impact on non-members if they join the cooperatives as they have higher off-farm income, less paddy land size and fewer laborers that are not favorable to taking on other farming activities.
Effect of Pot Volume on the Growth of Sweetpotato Cultivated in the New Hydroponic System
Authors: Sakamoto Masaru , Suzuki Takahiro
Published: January 2018

Hydroponics is an effective means for promoting plant growth as it facilitates water and nutrient uptake by plant roots. For increasing the production of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas), we developed the new hydroponic cultivation system in which tuberous roots were grown in solid media in the pots whereas fibrous roots were grown in the nutrient solution. Using this method, the effect of pot volume (1.6, 3.0, and 4.5 L) on the growth of sweetpotato was investigated. When plants were grown in small-sized pots (1.6 L), the fresh weight of the top and that of tuberous roots were decreased compared with plants grown in 3.0 L and 4.5 L pots. No clear difference was observed between the top and the tuberous roots in terms of the dry weight ratio, regardless of the pot size. The number of tuberous roots per plant and the maximum tuberous root weight were not influenced by the pot size either. However, the number of tuberous roots weighing more than 100 g was decreased in plants grown in small pots. Some of the tuberous roots grown in this hydroponic system contained a non-hypertrophic parts with severely lignified metaxylems. These results suggest that the environment surrounding the tuberous root influenced by the pot volume may be important for root enlargement in this hydroponic system.
Neurociência do Consumidor e Neuromarketing: Potencial de Adoção Teórica com a Aplicação dos Métodos e Técnicas em Neurociência
Authors: Shigaki Helena Belintani , Gonçalves Carlos Alberto , Santos Carolina Pantuza Vilar dos
Published: January 2018

O presente ensaio terico tem por objetivos apresentar uma discusso sobre os conceitos, opinies de vrios autores sobre os temas Neurocincia do Consumidor e Neuromarketing, mtodos e tcnicas adotados frente aos estmulos produzidos pela oferta de produtos e servios. As aplicaes dos mtodos e a adoo de sistemas de medio no invasivos com preciso cientfica atraem a ateno para explorar esse potencial na anlise do comportamento do consumidor, oferecendo novos achados neste campo do conhecimento. Os avanos desses estudos devido aos novos equipamentos, software, desenho de experimentos, teorias j apresentadas e as contribuies interdisciplinares no campo requerem a ateno especial dos pesquisadores. Assim, o trabalho apresenta teorias sobre Neurocincia do Consumidor e Neuromarketig, bem como uma anlise de mtodos adotados, suas possveis aplicaes e contribuies para o campo do Marketing. Ainda, apresenta argumentos favorveis (apoio a tomada de deciso do consumidor; custo versus benefcios referente aos mtodos de respostas fisiolgicas; possibilidade de novas descobertas de pesquisa e; interdisciplinaridade) e desfavorveis (viso minimalista das pesquisas de comportamento do consumidor a estmulos e resposta; tica; custo elevado dos equipamentos de mensurao de respostas fisiolgicas; falta de habilidade dos pesquisadores em relao aos equipamentos e; impreciso dos equipamentos) nova metodologia de pesquisa.
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas por Jovens: Implicações para o Marketing Social
Authors: Bastos Adriana De Fatima Valente , Costa Francisco José da , Vasconcelos Madiã Marcela
Published: January 2018

Este estudo analisa os fatores de influncia sobre a predisposio ao consumo de lcool nos jovens, com a finalidade de subsidiar as aes de marketing social orientadas reduo/ moderao desse consumo. A partir de uma reviso terica, um modelo de hipteses foi desenvolvido, para avaliar as influncias e interaes dos construtos na predisposio de consumo de bebidas alcolicas. Na sequncia, foram aplicados procedimentos quantitativos para anlises dos dados, sendo aplicados 322 questionrios com jovens. Para anlise, foram usadas tcnicas de anlise descritiva, avaliao de consistncia psicomtrica e modelagem de equaes estruturais. Os resultados apontaram para a sociabilidade, influncia de familiares e amigos e satisfao pessoal como condicionantes para a predisposio ao consumo. Por fim, o estudo prope implicaes tericas e prticas para o marketing social.