bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Reasonable Mode Number of Composite Frame and Reinforced Concrete Core Hybrid Structures in High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Zhang Shu Yun , Bai Guo Liang , Gao Zhi Gang
Published: October 2011

For seismic design of composite frame and reinforced concrete core hybrid structures in high-rise buildings, the response spectrum method is influenced to a large extent by mode combination rules and number of combined modes. The dynamic characteristics of composite frame and concrete core hybrid structures were studied through modal analysis, natural vibration periods and mode shape of hybrid structures had calculated and analyzed, the results show that the natural vibration frequencies are near, the complete quadratic combination of mode combination rule was recommended for avoiding higher order mode shape lose in the response spectrum method. The reasonable number of combined modes for response spectrum method were studied by truncation error analysis, it is proposed that more than 20 modes are combined. The results of the time history analysis und The three dimensional finite element er three earthquake waves were compared with results of response spectrum, indicating that the maximum response of hybrid structures can be obtained under reasonable mode number.
The Effection of Stress Path on the Rock Relaxation Area of Large-Section Tunnel
Authors: Yan Zong Xue , Fang Ying Guang , Wu Bo
Published: October 2011

Construction of large-section tunnel leads to changing of rock stress and comes about complicated stress-path, which causes continuously redistribution of rock stress with changing of stress path, leads expansion and change of plastic zone and brings relaxation-are avariation between left guide hole and right guide hole. The paper firstly introduced the construction situation of four-lane tunnel, and then analyzed its developments of design and construction at present. Relying on Dragon Head Mountain expressway tunnel with eight-lane and two way in Guangzhou, analyzed and discussed stress path, rock relaxation area effect on large-section tunnel by using site measured data from multi-displacement meter and numerical calculation result of rock relaxation area in different excavations. At the same time, verified the rational range of rock relaxation-area of large-section four- lane tunnel, which made the rock load of large-section tunnel to be studied further.
Experimental Study of Liquefaction Resistant Characteristics of Remodeled Clayey Sands
Authors: Wang Yun Long , Li Zhao Yan , Sun Rui , Yuan Xiao Ming
Published: October 2011

Cyclic triaxial tests were carried out for remodeled saturated clayey sands with the clay content varying in a relatively wide range from 0% to 40%. In the tests, saturated uniformity clayey sands were obtained by pre-freezing method, i.e. immersing samples in pure water for 12 hours under vacuum, and then, freezing the sample to -15°C for 6 hours. Experimental results indicate that the lowest liquefaction resistance in mixtures occurs when clay contents is of the order of 15%. The ratio of liquefaction shear stresses of the specimens obtained using pre-freezing method are larger than those obtained with the traditional deposit-in-water method.
Preliminary Analysis of Correlation between Ground Response and Subsoil Softening
Authors: Chen Long Wei , Ling Xian Zhang , Yuan Xiao Ming
Published: October 2011

Ground motion is closely related with subsoil properties. Under dynamic loading, subsoil tends to soften. Using a 1D model to simulate horizontal stratum, the correlation between ground motion and subsoil softening is investigated. Subsoil softening mainly influences ground motion, especially for long period components. Response spectrum intensity relative changing rate is proposed as an index for evaluating the influence of subsoil softening on ground motion. Response spectrum intensity relative changing rate keeps constant when shear wave velocity ratio v’/v0 is greater than 0.2 but increases dramatically with decreasing v’/v0 when v’/v0 is smaller than 0.2. Comparing to subsoil nonlinearity, subsoil liquefaction greatly increases long-period component energy which affects long period structures such as high rising buildings, long span structures
Study on the Complete Equivalent Initial Imperfection of High Formwork Supporting Frame with Pulley-Clip Style
Authors: Yang Wei Jun , Yang Yong Da
Published: October 2011

New full hall scaffolds with pulley-clip style formwork support system is adopted in the concert hall of Changsha. This paper presents the concept of the complete equivalent initial imperfection according to the characteristics of too many influential factors on the high formwork supporting frame，then makes the complete equivalent initial imperfectione equivalent to assumed equivalent horizontal load in order to ensure the safety of the frame. At the same time, it gets a three-dimensional model by the general finite element software ANSYS 10.0. Based on the results of experiment and finite element analysis, it gets the recommended value of assumed equivalent horizontal load. The study on the high formwork supporting frame with pulley-clip style provides some reference for other similar projects.
How to Use Lean Construction to Control the Implicit Quality Costs in Construction Projects
Authors: Shao Bin Lin , Chen Zhuo , Wang Fan
Published: October 2011

It is a difficult problem to control the implicit quality cost in the cost control of construction project. This text discussed the implementing of lean construction, aiming at control the implicit quality costs in construction projects effectively by the way of lean construction.
Solution of Slope of Simple Frame without Force in one Direction by Principle of Conversion Method
Authors: Yu Xiao Jin
Published: October 2011

Owing to lack of geometric method for calculating frames without forces in one direction, the conversion method is used to resolve the slope of the frames in which no joint has lateral displacement as no force in this direction. It puts forward the twins equations of the displacement and the analysis steps of the solution of the frame. The concrete process of calculation belongs to primary computation of algebraic equation. It gets analytic solution. The calculation sequence of an example of a frame is advanced.
Pseudo Excitation Method Based on Multiple Degree of Freedom Modal Equation
Authors: Guo Wei , Yu Zhi Wu
Published: October 2011

In recent years, on the one hand destructive earthquakes frequently occur, and vibration control devices such as dampers and isolation become increasingly application in actual large-scale structures, on the other hand modern structures with complex styles and diversified materials possess significant non-proportional damping characteristics, and traditional methods based on Rayleigh damping assumption no longer meet seismic calculation requirement. According to this situation, firstly multiple degree of freedom modal equation and pseudo excitation method are both utilized to establish a new efficient calculation method system which is suitable for stochastic analysis of non-proportionally damped structure, and the new method can achieve adjustive calculation efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, advantages and features of established method are analyzed, and guidance suggestions for appropriate method use are also proposed. Finally, numerical study is carried out to verify conclusions proposed by theoretical derivation, and efficiency and accuracy of established method system used in stochastic response calculation of non-proportionally damped structure is confirmed.
Research on Analysis and Control of Seepage Failure in Foundation Pit
Authors: Shen Yue Guo , Li Xiao Qi , Du Nei Juan , Shi Zhong Feng
Published: October 2011

Analyzing mechanism and conditions that cause seepage failure during deep foundation pit dewatering, some measures of controlling seepage failure are put forward in design and construction of foundation pit. Good results have gotten with these measures in a foundation pit. This paper provides references for foundation pit dewatering and relative study.
Fuzzy Probability Method-Based Risk Assessment of International Engineering Project
Authors: Liu Zhang Jun , Kong Ya
Published: October 2011

In the present paper, the fuzzy probability method is applied to assess the risk of international engineering project. Firstly, According to the risk from the whole cycle of international engineering project, The influential factors of the project bidding risk assessment are analyzed. The risk of international engineering project is divided into four parts, such as national risk, industrial risk, involved parties risk and project’s risk, and an assessment index system of international project risk is constructed. Secondly, based on the fuzzy probability method, a new model of the risk assessment for international engineering project is developed. In order to assess index weighted value scientifically, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is introduced into the fuzzy weighted values. Finally, the validity and rationality of the risk evaluation for international engineering project is verified through the risk instance of a project.
Analysis on the Space Remodeling of the Old Public Buildings Courtyard
Authors: Lei Yin Bin , Lu Feng Hua
Published: October 2011

Many neoteric public buildings in old urban communities are material carriers of the history of the due city; hence, when these building are preserved and renovated, they can always act as symbols of the city memory. It is necessary to remodel the space of these old public buildings, and to make sure that they continue to play important roles in the the development of the area. In this essay, through probing into the features and analysing the economic, cultural and historical values of these public constructions, the author put forward different remodeling methods and techniques. It is of practical and cultural significance.
Fabrication and Microstructure of B4C Matrix Composites by Hot-Pressing Sinter
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhang Wei Ke , Gao Li Zhen , Zhang Yu Jun
Published: October 2011

The sintering behavior of B4C can be significantly affected by the additions of Si. The B4C based ceramics are prepared via hot pressing. The mixtures that contained initially 15wt% Si sintered at 1830°C for 0.5h, 98.7% relative density reched. The composition and microstructure of the composites are characterized by means of XRD and SEM. Some reactions occurred during the sintering of the two powders. The products are B4C, SiB6, SiC and B sub>12.97 Si.03 C2 when B4C+15wt%Si eutectic composite sintered at 1830°C for 0.5h. The Flexural Strength and Fracture Toughness of composites reached 447.2MP and 4.62 MPa•m sup>1/2 highly be improved respectively.
Study on Programming Methods in Urban Renewal Planning
Authors: Su Ping
Published: October 2011

Urban renewal is not only the physical form update, but also its internal economic and social factors update. Under the market economic system, sustainable economic regeneration is a viable way to renew the historic area. So the planning should use more effective methods based on market conditions in practices such as the programming methods. Programming is aimed at the understanding of the value in historic city, determine the appropriate development orientation, coordinate the multiple subjects of interest, transfer the function to increase the economic value, in order to promote the protection and renew of the physical environment in a sustainable circle. According to the requirements of project practice, design programming can divide in five phases in working, including: site evaluation, project objective, development mode, benefits estimate and implementation strategy.
Study on Environmental Protection Energy Type Bamboo-Steel Composite Wall
Authors: Xu Jie , Xie Qi Tie , Li Yu Shun
Published: October 2011

Since the Eleventh Five Year Plan has been implemented, Government has tried hard to reduce energy consumption, promote energy-saving of buildings, and develop new wall materials and energy-saving technologies. From the point of view of green material and innovative structure, the author has designed a set of energy saving bamboo-steel composite walls, produced a total of 6 groups of specimens, which were filled by glass wool or foam insulation.
The Inspiration of Qujiang New District Landscape Design to the Ecological Construction of Cosmopolitan Xi’an City
Authors: Zhang Guo Xin , Wei Yan
Published: October 2011

This paper explores the basic ideas of the ecological construction of the international city of Xi'an. There are mainly three fundamental parts which includes the culture concept of the bottom triple line, the three elements of landscape design and the five priorities of the ecological construction. This essay is discussed by reviewing the Tang Fu Rong landscape area’s historical changes of the ecological environment and summarizing the results of the Qujiang landscape.
The Optimistic Research of Spatial Form of Zhaohua Ancient City in China
Authors: Yao Ping , Yuan Li
Published: October 2011

The Zhaohua is an ancient city on the Chinese Sichuan Road with more than 2000 years glorious history, and still preserve completely city gates and city walls, and the streets and lanes until now. The environment landscape space of inside and outside of the city construct were in perfect order, which were comply with “Nature and humanity” layout idea, The spatial design of whole this city has the feature of the Contrary Space Sequence combination in growth of Chinese historic ancient city. However, the Zhaohua ancient city faced with the modern spatial pattern which grows in the historical evaluation, especially with continuous exploitation of the ancient city combines with tourism economy, a problem that the space demand between residents and tourists must be arise. In the foundation of the effective protection of traditional space culture, we put forward and research to carry on space form optimization and adjustment to border space and street space, in order to meet the modern urbanization development needs, meanwhile, it has extremely important research significance to the ancient cities’ protection and the reasonable tourism development.
Experimental Study on the Seismic Behavior of HSW Model with High Shear-Span Ratio
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Qiong Mei , Xu Shu Fang
Published: October 2011

Based on the flexural-shear and press-flexural-shear test of four scale HSW model building with High Shear-Span Ratio, The seismic behavior of the slit and integral HSW are discussed, then the failure characteristics and capacity of HSW under Vertical load and seams are analyzed. The result of experimental study proves that the ductility and the property of energy dissipation of HSW are well; Vertical load could increase the capacity and deformation, decrease the energy dissipation of HSW. And the seams of wall could improve the ductility and the property of energy dissipation of HSW , lower the capacity.
Research on and Inheriting the Cultural Identity of the Rural Settlement in Northern Part of Shaanxi Province
Authors: Yang Hao Zhong , Yi Han , Wang Shao Rui
Published: October 2011

This paper, taking the example of the rural settlement in north Shaanxi province, explores the effective approaches to preserving the traditional architecture and its culture and concentrates on study and protection of the cultural characteristics of the built environment. The paper serves to emphasize the investigation into the cultural identity of the physical and mental environment closely related to everyday life in a built environment, specialty and uncertainty of the cultural traits in a particular area and analyses of the interrelated social factors. The paper is established in the field research into a typical village in a particular area and comparative analysis of the general character and individuality of the cultural identity, resulting in a highly targeted concrete protection strategy. There are various factors that could have effects on the cultural identity of the physical and mental environment closely related to everyday life in a built environment, among which social factors are fairly dominant. The rural settlements embody the traditional cultural contexts in quite a few different aspects. Thus, it is of actual significance to formulate a corresponding inheriting strategy based on seeking for their influencing factors and embodiments.
Preliminary Study of Residential Architecture Regional Style
Authors: Hao Li Jun , Xiao Zhe Tao
Published: October 2011

The environment creates the person. The different architecture style reflects the different environment. It has important significance to advocate the regional architecture style in globalization today. Residential architecture itself not only undertakes function of residence, but also takes on mental function of spreading and inheriting culture, and fulfills social responsibility of saving energy. As the vast and extensive architectural type, that residential architecture adopts regional style it is positive to respond the sustainable theme now.
A Force Method Model for Static Analysis of Transmission Line System Subjected to in-Plane and Out-of-Plane Loadings
Authors: Ma Xing , Mills Julie E. , Brown Graham , Yan Zhu Ge
Published: October 2011

In this paper, transmission line systems are modeled as multi-span cable structures. A force method model is proposed for analysing the static response of the multi-span cables with small sags. The accepted cable model reduces to two groups of differential equations (the equilibrium equations in y, z directions) and an integral equation (the compatibility equation). Substituting the differential equation solutions into the compatibility condition, the governing equation is obtained in terms of the tension component in chord direction. This equation has been named the force method equation (FME). In this way the infinite-degree-of-freedom dynamic system is effectively simplified to a system with only one unknown. Finally, one example is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed force method.
Study on Traditional Residence Features of Jiaozuo Beizhu Village
Authors: Ma Ming , Zhang Hui Hui
Published: October 2011

The dwellings of Beizhu in Jiaozuo station is the ancient dwellings of Ming and Qing dynasties. In this paper, the authors research the space form, architectural form, building materials and construction technology after survey. Summarize the characteristics of Jiaozuo Beizhu village traditional houses.
Research on Indoor Thermal Environment of the Folk Houses in the Winter in the Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter Climatic Zone
Authors: Yan Hai Yan , Yang Liu , An Yun Gang , Xia Fang , Meng Dan
Published: October 2011

Based on the field study on Huangjiagou village which is the typical settlement in the southern of Shanxi province, China, the general profile of buildings, the indoor thermal environments of the village were investigated by measuring and questionnaires simultaneously. The results revealed that: the indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort of housing were poor; the reasons of the poor indoor thermal environment were analyzed. At last, the measures of improving the indoor thermal environment were raised. It provided the theory and data basement of improving the indoor thermal environment and bringing about sustainable development of Bourg houses in hot summer and cold winter region.
Discussion of the Development Trend of Urban Residences in the 21st Century
Authors: Guo Xiao Hua , Zhang Lei
Published: October 2011

This paper discusses the development trend of urban residences in the future from residential energy conservation, sustainable development, ecologicalization, intelligentalization, and the way to fit for the demands of aging society, in order to offer a reference for seeking the construction pattern of comfortable, healthy and environmental protection residences and the development of such residences, and to make the residential construction in our country better satisfy the consistently increased residential requirements of people.
Experimental Stress Analysis of Cast In Situ Concret Roof-Slab under Indirect Load of Variable Temperature
Authors: Ding Sheng Guo , Ding Ting , Li Qi Wen , Wang Ze Ming
Published: October 2011

An electrical experiment on the full-scale model is conducted. Distribution of temperature stress and strain for the cast-in-site concrete roof slab during typical time of extreme weather in the winter and the summer are obtained. Cracking mechanism of cast-in-situ concrete roof is revealed preliminary. Contrasting of the experimental data between the green roof and bare plate roof plate ,it is expounded that planting roof can reduce temperature difference and average variable temperature for the roof slab significantly.
Experimental Study on Circular Hybrid SCCC Columns under Axial Compressive Load
Authors: Li Zhu Yan , Liu Yong Jun , Wang Dong
Published: October 2011

The tests are order to investigate the axial compressive performance of the new circular hybrid Steel-Concrete- CFRP-Concrete column (simply called SCCC column).SCCC column is composed of steel tube, annular concrete, CFRP tube and core concrete. Axial ultimate bearing capacity test was performed on 3 SCCC columns, from which we gains the law of affecting SCCC columns, the load-strain curve and load-displacement curve of SCCC columns, and compare the test results of the test specimen with different annular concrete thicknesses, from which we finds that after the relationship curve of test specimen with small annular concrete thickness reaches yield load, the bearing capacity starts to decline, and then continues to rise till the ultimate load is reached and the test specimen is damaged. The result shows that the smaller the annular concrete thickness is, the greater the axial ultimate bearing capacity of SCCC column is, and also indicates that CFRP tube plays a role of binding and constraining to the core concrete in later period of loading the test specimens.
Urban Road Cross Section Eco-Design Based on Storage-Infiltration of Rainwater and Snowfall
Authors: Zhang Hu Zhu , Li Hui Min
Published: October 2011

In order to deal with the problem of flood disaster, water balance system damage and eco-environment deterioration for cities with development of urbanization in rain and snow area, an urban road cross section eco-design program with storage-infiltration utilization of rainwater and snowfall was proposed with the purpose of groundwater eco-replenishment, water conservation and snowfall stack, also ecological cross section form that can be used in practical engineering and enhancement of infiltration capability for sunken green space of urban road were put forward, and some effective anti-infiltration measures for subgrade and pavement were proposed to prevent the adverse action on urban road from the water in the sunken green space. The eco-design program increases storage-infiltration of rainwater and snowfall with holding the function of traffic organization, drainage and road landscape that belongs to the traditional urban road cross section, and it changed a single drainage system into a compositive storage-infiltration-drainage system. The eco-design program provided a basis and reference for urban road cross section eco-design in rain and snow area.
Research and Design of Intelligent Building Energy Management System
Authors: Wu Yun Fa , Li Fang
Published: October 2011

In the field of intelligent building, managing energy consumption effectively in various types of construction equipment, improving energy efficiency, has been seen as an important and difficult subject. This thesis through establish building energy management system; realize building energy management by unified management of construction equipment.
Features of Application of Modern Wooden Structure into Reconstruction in Wenchuan-Earthquake Region
Authors: Cao Yong
Published: October 2011

The 8-magnitude earthquake stuck the Wenchuan region of Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008. It resulted in heavy collapses and damage of buildings, then caused a great deal of injuries and loses in life and wealth. In the post-disaster reconstruction, several new structure systems with good seismic-resistant performance, especially modern timber structure, were adopted and promoted by local government. Its features of light weight, rapid construction, high strength and energy saving, can be shown in a serial of experiment reconstruction such as school building, nursing home for elderly, rural housing and so on. The application of modern timber architecture in Wenchuan region shows some new trends in China: Sharp increase in amount and scale, complete variety of modern wooden structure in use, covering urban architecture and rural buildings, cost control in construction and low-cost wooden housing, training in local builders and improvement of local wood industry, lastly, and flourishing subsequent study on wooden architecture and structure. It can be taken as the important milestone in development of modern timber architecture in China.
Comparative Study of the Flux of Filamentous Bulking MBR and Non-Bulking MBR
Authors: Chen Zhi Li , Wang Wen Biao , Hou Li An , Liu Hong Xia , Ren Zhen Jie
Published: October 2011

Under the same operating mode, the flux of non-bulking MBR（1#） descends much faster than the flux of filamentous bulking MBR（3#）, mainly because the particles adhered to membrane 1# become smaller much more quickly，provided that spherical particles tend to be rushed off into the mixed liquid more easily than filamentous particles. The falling of particles diameter is caused by the decline of flux, which can be interpreted with the formulation for critical diameter and flux as well as Critical Flux Theory.
A Study on R&D Process for an Eco Friendly Inorganic Paint
Authors: Shim Hyun Sook , Lee Yung Yu , Cho Daem Yeong , Choi Gyung Hyun
Published: October 2011

In this research report, we present an eco friendly inorganic paint that is an environment-friendly paint composition based on natural minerals which has ability for pollutant absorption, control/protection of humidity, killing or immobilizing bacteria and fungi, developed by effectively utilizing possessed technologies. To do this end, we adopt a technology management tool in conjunction with the open innovation concept between raw material production, new material development and final construction companies. Throughout the process, we found the new paint has the required characteristics as well as functionalities along with global standards.
Sustainability Assessment Indicators and Methodology for Intelligent Buildings
Authors: Yu Jun Qi , Dang Bo , Clements-Croome Derek , Xu Shuo
Published: October 2011

The sustainable intelligent building is a building that has the best combination of environmental, social, economic and technical values. And its sustainability assessment is related with system engineering methods and multi-criteria decision-making. Therefore firstly, the wireless monitoring system of sustainable parameters for intelligent buildings is achieved; secondly, the indicators and key issues based on the “whole life circle” for sustainability of intelligent buildings are researched; thirdly, the sustainable assessment model identified on the structure entropy and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is proposed.
The Application of a New Digital Method for Fire Protection Design in the Large Commercial Building Field
Authors: Bai Lei , Yan Zeng Feng , Zhang Shu Ping
Published: October 2011

Partial current rules of the National Standard of Fire Code are disjointed from the current development of large commercial building; as a result, part of the design cannot be carried out according to the specifications. The new digital fire control design method can solve this difficulty. This paper is to take a large commercial building as an engineering example, introducing the new design concept of “independent fire protection unit” and “quasi-safety area” to adjust the program; then, on the basis of fire safety engineering principles, it uses the computer-assisted method to predict and assess the dangers of fire and the safety of evacuation, and thus demonstrating the feasibility of this method.
Back Analyzing Rock Parameters Based on Difference Evolution Arithmetic and Finite Element Method
Authors: Song Zhan Ping , Guo Zhen Chao , Ren Song Bo
Published: October 2011

Aiming at the complexity and uncertainty of rock and soil body, the paper the paper introducing a new global intelligent optimization arithmetic – Difference Evolution (DE) and combined with stress return mapping nonlinear elastic-plastic Finite Element Method(FEM), realizing rapid elastic plastic parameters identification of surrounding rock. The analytical theory and method are introduced in detail, analyzes the tunnel of Dalian Metro by the proposed method, and gets satisfied results.
Analysis for Seismic Response of Compacted Soil-Cement Pile Composite Foundations
Authors: Cui Hong Huan , Zhang Li Qun , Wang Hai Long
Published: October 2011

Compacted soil-cement pile possess the excellences both flexible pile and rigid pile. The composite foundation of compacted soil-cement pile are getting more and more applicable to construction． However, the research on their response under dynamic load, especially under earthquake load，is quite limited．Now the seismic response analysis in time domain is performed with finite element method(ABAQUS).Some parameters influencing the anti-seismic behavior of half-rigid pile composite foundation are studied． Based on these research , some conclusions which may be of some value for anti-seismic design of this type of composite foundations are drawn．
Sulfoaluminate Cement: An Alternative to Portland Cement
Authors: Liu Yan Jun , Xu Yong Mo , Geng Chun Lei
Published: October 2011

Cement industry is blamed for contributing heavily to climate change, environmental deterioration and excessive energy consumption, to find alternative cements, which are environmentally friendly and low energy consumption, is scientist’s effort over last several decades and for next decades to come. Sulfoaluminate cement, invented by Chinese scientists in 1970s, is a very promising cement material as alternative to Portland cement because of its high early strength development, excellent durability, remarkable performance in aggressive exposure conditions, low energy consumption as well as low atmospheric releases. However, its expertise was not fully exercised in the past decades because it is relatively new cement material and people are short of experiences in using it. As people are facing severe challenges from environmental deterioration and energy crisis, sulfoaluminate cement sheds bright light on energy saving and greenhouse gas mitigation for the countries like China, producing massive cement each year for its superstructure and infrastructure construction. So, now is the time to turn to sulfoaluminate cement for help. This paper presents the development and application of sulfoaluminate cement in China, the properties and performances of sulfoaluminate cement, and difficulties and challenges facing us in using sulfoaluminate cement as well. Hopefully, more efforts will be exerted on its extensive application to engineering practices in foreseeable future.
Behavior of Grout Sleeve Connections under Eccentric Cyclic Load
Authors: Han Rui Long , Shi Wei Xing , Wei Dan
Published: October 2011

The grout sleeve connection offers important complement to traditional steel tube connections and is increasingly applied in structures. To acquire the connection’s behavior under eccentric cyclic load, study and tests were conducted at Tongji University on two specific types of grout sleeve connections which were identical except for some construction measures. The load-strain curve, load-deformation curve, elastic limit bearing capacity and stress-strain distribution of each specimen are obtained as results. Those results indicate that this kind of connection has good bearing capacity and stiffness, and those behaviors can be efficiently improved through optimizing its construction measures.
Nonlinear Constitutive Model for Clay on K0 Consolidation Conditions
Authors: Cheng Tao
Published: October 2011

The nonlinear constitutive relations of clay are investigated with different initial stress conditions. Two series of triaxial compression tests are performed, respectively after consolidation and isotropic consolidation. On the basis of the framework of ~ model, a uniform nonlinear constitutive model is proposed by fitting of the test data. With the average slope of the unloading-reloading curve selected as the unloading modulus, the unloading function is constructed as the loading-unloading criterion. Moreover, a comparison of the experimental stress-strain curves with the predicted results by the constitutive model is made. It is shown that the model prediction is reasonable, which can reflect the stress-strain behavior of the soil under the consolidation and isotropic consolidation conditions.
The Finite Element Analysis of the Deep Foundation Pit Excavation and the Model Test
Authors: Yan Chi , Qin Ri Song , Sun Hong Yue
Published: October 2011

The fracture theory of soil was a new developing problem in recent year. In this paper, the basic principle of fracture mechanics and the strength theory of soil were combined, and the soil-cracking strength theory was adopted to build a constitutive relation for cracked soils. In order to use such theory and to analyze how the cracked soils effect on retaining structure, we developed an elastoplastic finite element program. Finally, the calculation results from this program were compared with the surveying measured in model testing.
Study on the Impact Response of Concrete Filled FRP-Steel Tube Structures
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Ying Hua , Zhu Chun Yang , Wei Li
Published: October 2011

This paper studies the impact performance of concrete filled FRP-steel tube which is a composed structure made by filling concrete into steel tube and wrapping outside with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheet. Numerical simulations have been conducted to study the dynamic response of fixed-pined supported beams of concrete filled FRP-steel tubes. The finite element models of concrete filled FRP-steel tubes are established to analyse its lateral impact dynamic characteristics under different loading situations, with respective kinds of FRP and thicknesses of steel tubes. The impact force and displacement histories were recorded. Comparing to the traditional concrete filled steel tube structure, the concrete filled FRP-steel tube indicates a promising structure with more advantages in the mechanical and constructional performance. Especially with its higher loading-carrying capacity and better toughness, it is more adaptable for the structures subjected to accidental impact load. Analytical solution is compared with experimental result to show the correctness and the effectiveness of present study.
Ultra Durable Concrete for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Sabet Divsholi Bahador , Lim Tze Yang Darren , Teng Susanto
Published: October 2011

With the rapid consumption of natural resources, there is a growing concern about sustainable development. More than 6 billion tons of concrete are produced annually for various construction purposes with limited life expectancy. In addition, increasing cost of construction and demolition of concrete structures in densely populated areas is a great concern for the future. One of the best solutions to tackle these challenges is to increase the life expectancy of the structures. Residential structures and important civil structures are typically designed for a life span of 50 and 100 years respectively. However, the life expectancy of structures can be increased to several hundred years with careful planning and proper design. Cost of the concrete materials is not a considerable amount compared to the total cost for construction of reinforced concrete structures. Doubling the concrete materials cost may only increase the total construction cost by few percent but it can increase the life expectancy of structures significantly. In this work, a comparison between ultra durable concrete mixes with normal high strength concrete in terms of cost, mechanical and durability aspects is presented. Ultra durable concrete has superior qualities which makes it a favourable construction material for future structures.
Experiment Research on Mechanical Behavior for Latticed Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Tower with Three Limbs
Authors: Li Bin , Han Zhong Zhou , Gao Chun Yan
Published: October 2011

Based on the 1.5MW cone cylinder wind turbine tower widely used at present, latticed concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) tower with three limbs was designed. The stress mechanism and failure process, hysteretic properties, bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity were studied by quasi-static test on the tower model. The results indicate that the hysteretic loops of the latticed CFST tower with three limbs present asymmetrical plump “spindle” and there is no obvious "pinch" phenomenon, which shows good seismic performance and energy dissipation capacity; and that owing to the latticed CFST tower with three limbs is asymmetric along the centroidal axis perpendicular to loading direction, plastic hinge finally appeared in the tower column foot which beared the largest force, the bottom web members were buckled and occur unstable failure. From the analysis it can be seen that the latticed CFST tower structure with three limbs has value of further research and promotion.
Study on Mechanisms of a Mini-Instrument for Sound Source Localization
Authors: Wang Qing Sheng , Jiang Xin , Liu Xiao Hang
Published: October 2011

Sound source localization is always of great value in many engineering applications. In this paper, a new instrument is designed to accomplish the purpose of localizing the sound source by a relatively compact structure. This bionics structure is designed to mimic the localization function of the ears of the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea, and it consists of three elastic diaphragms, three bars which connected to the diaphragms, and the other mechanical components. The analysis of this structure’s dynamic behavior shows that the incident angles of the sound have special relationship to the responses of this instrument, and the incident angles can be estimated by detecting the vibrations of the three elastic diaphragms. Compared with traditional microphone arrays, this instrument has the advantage of compaction and higher integrated level.
Schwedler Single-Layer Ellipsoid Reticulated Shell Static Stability Analysis of Influencing Factors
Authors: Wang Ru , Xie Li Nan , Chang Hu
Published: October 2011

Proceeding eigenvalue buckling analysis and geometric nonlinear analysis on schwedler single-layer ellipsoid reticulated shell with analysis software ANSYS, obtain structural buckling mode and ultimate bearing capacity at different short span and different rise-span ratio. Then analyze its impact on static stability of ellipsoid reticulated shell considering load asymmetric distribution and initial defect, conclude stability regular of schwedler single-layer ellipsoid reticulated shell. These study results can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for further studying on static stability of schwedler single-layer ellipsoid reticulated shell and engineering practice.
Seismic Response Analysis of Long-Span Bridge under Uniform and Traveling-Wave Excitations
Authors: Xu Kai Yan , Wei De Min , Liu Can
Published: October 2011

Earthquake is a kind of natural disaster which is difficult to predict and the damage degree is very great, occurrence of the strong motion often leads to the tremendous life and property loss. Bridge is an important part of the lifeline engineering, it is very necessary to conduct the comprehensive and systemic investigation on the bridge aseismic. In this paper, a 670.56m span cable-stayed bridge was chosen as object of study, the FEM model of it was established, and the dynamic characteristic and nonlinear seismic responses under uniform and traveling-wave excitations were systematic studied. The results show that: 1) the mode of connection between the pier, tower and the beam is crucial to the dynamic response of bridge which should be simulated correctly. 2) Its former 10 rank frequency are located very close which shows that more mode shape should be taken into account when dealing with the dynamic analysis. 3) The traveling-wave excitation has appreciable impact on such kind of cable-stayed bridge, especially on the more flexible component, which should be paid much attention to while design.
Cellular Automata Modeling of Fire Spread Based on Post-Earthquake Fire Risk Assessment of Urban Area
Authors: Meng Xiao Jing , Zhao Jiang Ping
Published: October 2011

Post-earthquake fire is disaster which causes great harm to human. In this paper, post-earthquake fire risk assessment of urban area was analyzed, and a fire spreading probability model of urban area based on cellular automata was developed. The fire spreading process has been reproduced successfully by our model. The reproduction of fire process not only improves people’s cognition, but also provides the guide for city planning
Stochastic Aerostatic StabilityAnalysis of Self-Anchored Cable-Stayed Suspension Bridges
Authors: Ye Yi , Zhang Zhe , Zhao Jia
Published: October 2011

In order to study the influence of complex structure parameters uncertainty on its aerostatic stability, the method of response surface was adopted and random variables that have significant impact on the dependent variables was selected to fit response surface. Based on the above mentioned method, stochastic analysis of aerostatic stability of a self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge was analyzed. The result shows that randomness of material and geometrical size have obvious influence to aerostatic instability critical wind of the self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridges and randomness of the cross area and density of girder are most sensitive to it. The research can provide references for the self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge structure analysis and give the corresponding idea for the random parameter uncertainty analysis of complex structures.
Study on Safety of the Fastener Tubular Steel Scaffolding
Authors: Hu Chang Ming , Song Fang Fang , Fan Xiao Zhou
Published: October 2011

Based on analysis of five different conditions’ full scale model tests of the fastener tubular steel scaffolding, the paper introduces that notional lateral loads can imitate the effect which generalized imperfections of the falsework(initial imperfections, node semi-rigid and so on) give the bracket’s stability capacity. According to the finite element software ANSYS, the falseworks’ stability capacities of different conditions have been imitated and analysed, Analysis results compare with test results. The final result indicates that it is reasonable that notional lateral loads in certain scope can imitate generalized initial imperfection. Research results can be used for on-site t technical personnels’ design and safety control.
Behaviors of Long-Term Exposure Concrete to Sulfate Solution
Authors: Zhao Shun Bo , Molyneaux Thomas C.K. , Law David W. , Li Yong , Pan Li Yun
Published: October 2011

As a part of the collaborative studies between China, Australia and the UK, examing sulfate attack on concrete, this paper reports the experimental results obtained from the Chinese laboratory. Specimens were immersed in sodium and magnesium sulfate solutions with concentrations of 500mg/L, 5000mg/L and 50000mg/L. Investigations were conducted over approximately a one year period. Susceptibility to sulfate attack was assessed in terms of changes in the mass and length of specimens, the compressive strength of the concrete, as well as the diffusion depth of sulfate-ions into the concrete at fixed intervals. Several differences were observed between these results and those reported in studies from the UK laboratory.
Analyses of Performance-Based of Reinforced Concrete Beam
Authors: Wan Hai Tao , Yuan Hua
Published: October 2011

The software ABAQUS is used to perform the finite element simulation of a group of reinforced concrete beam tests. The load-displacement skeleton curves of the beams are obtained after the completion of the simulation. Test results and simulation results are compared, results showed that the finite element simulation can be more accurately simulate the test situation. Then, the software ABAQUS is also used to simulate different types of reinforced concrete frame beams, and access to load-displacement skeleton curves and moment – rotation curves of the beams. Reference to the advanced performance-based design method, the curve classified according to different factors. The performance parameters of beams are obtained from the curves. Performance parameters can provide quantitative reference index for performance evaluation of beam.
Sustainable Design on Urban Landscape
Authors: Yu Fei Fei , Yang Yun An , Li Hui , Xiang Fei
Published: October 2011

Puting forward the idea of sustainable development into the urban landscape design, it can reduce the huge pressure the urban environment suffers from, get ecological, social, economic multiple benefits. Exploring design principles and methods of sustainable landscape from land use, landscape materials, engineering technology, ecological system, maintenance and management of landscape and other aspects, then providing the reference for the healthy development of cities and urban landscape.
Operational Mathematic Model of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Module
Authors: Liu Rui , Luo Hao
Published: October 2011

Point out the significance of establishing the operational mathematic model of reverse osmosis membrane module, deduce integral operational mathematic model of membrane module according to DOW parameter equation. Advance the iteration solution of nonlinear factors in multi-equation. The research of this model provide basic to achieve the operational mathematic model of membrane system.
Study on the Control Measure of Road Traffic Noise in the Urban Mast Plan
Authors: Xu Han , Liu Sheng Jun , Hu Jia Yong
Published: October 2011

With the rapid development of social economy, the noise pollution of road traffic increasingly serious. In 2010 the roads with quality road traffic noise account for 68%. This paper will study the measure to reduce the traffic noise from the urban master plan. Moreover the measures and recommendations will be proposed directly and indirectly, which includes road material, road supplementary facilities, residence number, city layout and others.
Experiment Research on Apparent Source Width (ASW)
Authors: Xiong Yan , Sun Yan , Sheng Sheng Wo
Published: October 2011

It is well-know that spatial impression is one of the important characteristics in concert halls. It is popular belief that early sound contribute to apparent source width (ASW) and late sound contribute to listener envelopment (LEV). The major concern of our study originated from the question of whether or not ASW was created only by early lateral sound energy alone. In this paper, a group of psychological experiments are performed with simulated sound fields. In the experiment, listening tests were carried out in order to exam the effect of early lateral sound energy fraction(LFE) and early to late sound energy ratio (C80) on perceived ASW. The results confirmed that C80 affects ASW.