bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cybernetic Sparks and Philosophical Feedback Loops
Authors: Dixon Steve
Published: December 2021

Gregory Bateson observed that cybernetics is not essentially about "exchanging information across lines of discipline, but in discovering patterns common to many disciplines" (Bateson, 1971, p. 23). This paper adopts his line of thought to join the dots between cybernetics and the philosophy of Existentialism, and then interconnect both with contemporary art. It demonstrates that while terminologies may differ, many of the three fields' primary concerns closely cohere. The world's most ground-breaking artists are found to apply and fuse cybernetic paradigms and Existentialist themes, from Robert Rauschenberg and Marina Abramović to Damien Hirst, Stelarc and Anish Kapoor. The research offers the first detailed comparison between cybernetics and Existentialism, and reveals surprising commonalities. Feedback loops, circular causality and negative entropy are not only central tenets of cybernetics, but also of Existentialism. Autonomy, autopoiesis and interactivity equally unite both fields, and each is visionary and forward looking in seeking radical change and transformations. Both explored artistic endeavours, with Existentialists Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus equally renowned for their powerful novels and plays as their philosophical works, while cybernetic art became a major phenomenon in the 1960s following the landmark exhibition Cybernetic Serendipity: the Computer in the Arts (1968), and influenced artistic practices thereafter.
Digital Meta-Skills Development for Interdisciplinary Competence in Foreign Languages Education
Authors: Makhachashvili Rusudan , Semenist Ivan
Published: December 2021

The development of digital economy in the XXI century, elaboration of the networked society and communities of knowledge, digitization of education due to pandemic measures have led to revisions of the interdisciplinary and cross-sectorial job market demands of Liberal Arts university graduates' skillsets, upon entering the workforce. This, in turn, stipulates reevaluation of the interdisciplinary approaches to comprehensive professional competences in foreign languages acquisition, education, and application. The study is focused on the diagnostics of the development of meta-learning status, interdisciplinary interoperability of digital competence for students of European (English, Spanish, French, Italian, German) and Oriental (Mandarin Chinese, Japanese) Languages major programs through the span of educational activities in the time-frame of COVID-19 quarantine measures of March 2020 to April 2021. The inquiry derives a model of digital meta-skills for interdisciplinary competence in foreign languages education and professional application. The survey study is implemented to evaluate the digital meta-literacy of foreign languages majors through dimensions of interdisciplinarity of educational content, domains of professional application, soft skills, professional linguistic and communication skills, and customized digital skills for Foreign Languages Education.
Statistics Education in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: Tsami Eleni , Kitsou Sophia
Published: December 2021

The present survey explores the changes in the teaching of statistics modules during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the impact of these changes on the students of the Department of Statistics and Insurance Science of the University of Piraeus. A questionnaire was prepared and administered online. The survey involved a total of 88 participants aged between 18 and 23. The main questions that were asked addressed: (i) the online structure of the statistics courses compared with the structure of the lifelong courses; (ii) the psychological adjustment of the participants to the contents and obligations of the regular courses; (iii) internet-based communication within the scope of the statistics modules and its role in developing skills relating to the use of statistical software and programming languages (i.e., SPSS, RATS, and R); and (iv) the degree of active participation in the online courses. Based on the outcomes of the survey, we concluded that the students did not notice any significant difference regarding their interest in the course or the transfer of knowledge between the online modules and the lifelong courses. Moreover, we found that courses using games and computers were more effective in terms of learning objectives, though they were more costly than conventional courses. Finally, we discovered that the students preferred the online courses over the regular ones, probably because they were richer and more versatile in structure.
Opportunities and challenges of contemporary corruption research: An interview with Donatella Della Porta
Authors:   Scuola Normale Superiore Florence, Italy, DELLA PORTA Donatella , CLEMENTE Felippe ,   Institute of Social Sciences (ICS), University of Lisbon, Portugal, DE SOUSA Luís ,   Institute of Social Sciences (ICS), University of Lisbon, Portugal, GHICA Luciana Alexandra ,   Department of Comparative Governance and European Studies, Faculty of Political Science, University of Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2021

This is an edited and revised version of an interview recorded in September 2021, which served as closing remarks for the 3rd edition of the Research Methods School on Corruption and Anti-Corruption Analysis (CORAN), Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon (Portugal), 27-30 September 2021. The event was organized jointly with the Centre for International Cooperation and Development Studies (IDC) of the University of Bucharest, as part of the 7th edition of the International Interdisciplinary Conference of Political Research SCOPE: Science of Politics. The notes and specific references were added to support especially younger researchers who may not be very familiar with the field or with certain past events. Keywords: corruption, political corruption, definitions of corruption, corruption studies, court cases, criminal investigations, scandal, methodology, legal protection of scholars, deregulation, super-rich, impact of COVID-19
En bloc transurethral resection of bladder tumors: A review of current techniques
Authors: Croghan Stefanie M. , Compton Niall , Manecksha Rustom P. , Cullen Ivor M. , Daly Pádraig J.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Growing interest surrounds the concept of en bloc transurethral resection of bladder tumors (ERBT). Theoretical advantages include improved adherence to oncological principles and potential yield of superior pathological specimens. Multiple ERBT methods exist. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding application of differing techniques and technologies to ERBT.
Methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE/EMBASE/Scopus databases was performed, using terms “en bloc,” “ERBT,” “bladder,” and “urinary bladder neoplasm.” Template-based data extraction included technique of ERBT, feasibility, tumor size, activation of obturator nerve reflex, operative complications, detrusor muscle sampling rate, and recurrence data.
Results: Multiple approaches to ERBT have evolved, using a variety of energy sources. The feasibility of electrocautery, laser, combined waterjet/electrocautery, and polypectomy snare techniques have been confirmed in achieving ERBT. ERBT appears safe, with a low complication rate. The use of laser energy sources reduces the risk of activating the obturator nerve reflex during lateral wall resections. Otherwise, no energy source is unequivocally superior in achieving ERBT. The rate of detrusor muscle sampling is high with use of ERBT and appears superior to that achieved with conventional TURBT (cTURBT) in multiple comparative studies. A limited number of largely non-randomized trials assess bladder tumor recurrence; current evidence suggests this is similar between ERBT and cTURBT groups.
Conclusions: En bloc resection of bladder tumors using a variety of technologies is feasible and safe, with a high detrusor muscle sampling rate. Further research is required to determine whether rates of residual disease or recurrence can be reduced with ERBT vs. cTURBT.
Compression or obstruction: Prospective analysis of the function of the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS) based on pre- and postoperative urodynamic data
Authors: Queissert Fabian , Bruecher Benedict , Ruiz Sonia , Virseda-Chamorro Miguel , Schrader Andres J. , Angulo Javier C.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: This analysis, based on pre- and postoperative urodynamic data, is the first to elucidate the influence of the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS, A.M.I. GmbH, Feldkirch, Austria) on the lower urinary tract and disclose possible obstructive properties.
Methods: A prospective study was performed in patients who had stress urinary incontinence and were scheduled for ATOMS implantation after radical prostatectomy. Apart from continence assessment (24-hour pad test, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form [ICIQ-SF]), urodynamic testing was done with International Continence Society (ICS)-standardized pressure-flow analysis before and after ATOMS implantation/adjustment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The analysis included 12 consecutive patients from two centers (mean 69 years) with a mean followup of 246 days. Median urine leakage dropped from 240 (72–1250) to 70 (0–700) g/24 hours postoperatively, with a pad reduction of 4 to 0.9 pads/day. Pressure-flow analysis revealed a significant change only in the bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI). The bladder contractility index, intravesical pressure conditions, and uroflowmetry were not significantly affected. None of the patients showed de novo obstruction postoperatively in the ICS analysis.
Conclusions: The ATOMS significantly increases the BOOI in conjunction with good continence results. However, no case reached pathological level according to the BOOI and thus there is no potential danger to the lower urinary tract or urethral integrity.
Niet-aanvaarding van redelijke wijzigingsvoorstellen
Authors: Bouwens Willem
Published: December 2021

Niet-aanvaarding van redelijke wijzigingsvoorstellen

In deze bijdrage staat de auteur stil bij de betekenis van het Stoof/Mammoet-arrest. Hij bespreekt de daarin gegeven uitwerking van de Taxi Hofman-leer en gaat in op de visie van de Hoge Raad op de verhouding tussen de op goed werknemerschap gebaseerde medewerkingsplicht van de werknemer en art. 7:613 BW. Vervolgens behandelt hij een aspect van de problematiek waarover de Hoge Raad zich in het Stoof/Mammoet-arrest niet, althans niet expliciet heeft uitgelaten, te weten: de gevolgen van een weigering van de werknemer om een redelijk voorstel van de werkgever dat verband houdt met gewijzigde omstandigheden op het werk te aanvaarden, terwijl voor die weigering geen deugdelijke gronden bestaan. In zijn optiek hebben de door de Hoge Raad in het arrest geformuleerde uitgangspunten op dit punt belangrijke consequenties, die in de lagere jurisprudentie na het arrest vaak niet in acht worden genomen.
Het recht op collectieve actie versus de economische vrijheden
Authors: Dorssemont Filip
Published: December 2021

Het recht op collectieve actie versus de economische vrijheden

In deze bijdrage wordt uitgegaan van de deining die de arresten Viking en Laval hebben veroorzaakt in bepaalde vakbondsmiddens. Monti merkte eerder al op dat de EU door beide arresten een van de meest fervente voorstanders van de Europese integratie van zich dreigt te vervreemden. Onderzocht wordt of grondwettelijke, wetgevende of rechterlijke evoluties die kloof hebben verzacht of zouden kunnen verzachten.
El lápiz como arma: la respuesta del humor gráfico al atentado terrorista contra «Charlie Hebdo»
Authors: V. Márquez Israel
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo analiza la respuesta del humor gráfico al atentado terrorista del 7 de enero de 2015 contra las oficinas del semanario satírico francés Charlie Hebdo. En concreto, el artículo realiza un análisis semiótico de una serie de piezas relacionadas con este suceso y recopiladas a través de Internet. Los textos visuales y verbovisuales analizados evidencian la condena del ataque terrorista y la defensa de la libertad de expresión, representada en la mayoría de casos por la imagen del lápiz como herramienta de lucha contra el terrorismo y símbolo de los valores democráticos.
No Stress System Requires Recursive Feet
Authors: Golston Chris
Published: December 2021

A recursive foot is one in which a foot is embedded inside another foot of the same type: e.g., iambic (iaσ(iaσσ́)) or trochaic (tr(trσ́σ)σ). Recent work has used such feet to model stress systems with full or partial ternary rhythm, in which stress falls on every third syllable or mora. I show here that no stress system requires recursive feet, that phonological processes in such languages likely don’t either, and that the notion of recursive foot is theoretically suspect.
In Favour of Layered Feet
Authors: Martínez-Paricio Violeta , Kager René
Published: December 2021

In this response we argue that the factorial typology predicted in Martínez-Paricio & Kager (2015), which representationally relies on the existence of internally layered ternary feet, is complete and accurate. We demonstrate it does not suffer from the problematic cases of overgeneration pointed out by Golston (this issue). Additionally, we corroborate the idea that the internally layered ternary foot is a metrical representation that is typologically warranted for stress phenomena as well as for segmental and tonal metrically conditioned distributions. We suggest that Golston’s claim that “no stress system requires internally layered ternary feet” appears to be too strong and is not empirically substantiated.
Can BMI be a predictor of perioperative complications in Head and Neck cancer surgery?
Authors: Joshi Kamal , Joshi Poonam , Shetty Teertha , Nair Sudhir , Chaturvedi Pankaj
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The effect of BMI on development of perioperative complications in head and neck cancer surgeries is not welldefined.

  Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the development of surgical complications during the perioperative period in head and neck carcinoma (HNC) patients.

 Materials and methods: This study was conducted from 2019 to 2020. Electronic medical records of 210 patients undergoing major (clean-contaminated) surgeries were analysed. Chi-square test or Fisher exact test for determining association in categorical data and independent T-test or Mann-Whitney U test for comparison between the presence of complications and relation with continuous clinical parameters were used.

 Results: The majority of patients were within normal-weight range (68.57%). Only 12.85% of patients had BMI under 18.5 kg/m2 and 18.57% of patients had BMI equal to or more than 25 kg/m2. Coexisting comorbidities were present in 48.7% of patients with BMI of more than 25 kg/m2. Major and minor complications were present in 10.5% and 16.7% of all patients, respectively. Surgical site infections were present in 18.1% of patients. There was no statistical difference in the rate of complications (major, minor and SSI) in underweight, normal weight and overweight categories. The complications were significantly associated with the extent of surgery (P = 0.00413) and blood loss of more than 775 mL (P-value 0.005).

  Conclusions: In conclusion, the rate of surgical complications in head and neck onco-surgeries is not related to BMI of the patients. The perioperative management of these patients might require some modification due to co-existing comorbidities, but the overall impact on the development of complications could not be proven in this study.
Quality of life in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to gallstone disease – evaluation of long-term postoperative results
Authors: Gach Tomasz , Bogacki Paweł , Markowska Beata , Bonior Joanna , Paplaczyk Małgorzata , Szura Mirosław
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Currently, the standard treatment of gallstone disease is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Considering its availability, reduction of postoperative pain and shortened stay in the hospital, a constant upward trend in the number of such procedures is observed. However, about one third of patients undergoing such treatment report pain and dyspeptic disorders following the surgery. The assessment of the quality of life of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, based on standardized questionnaires, should be one of the elements allowing for the assessment of the impact of the applied treatment on patients' lives.

 Aim: The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the impact of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on the quality of life of patients operated in one center.

 Materials and methods: The study has been carried out retrospectively with the use of a GIQLI questionnaire completed online by the patients 6 months after undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The study included patients over 18 years of age who have not experienced any complications within the perioperative period and did not require open surgery. The study group has been divided into two subgroups depending on the presence of symptoms of acute gallstone disease in the pre-operative period.

 Results: The study group consisted of 205 patients (53 men, 152 women, aged 19 to 87, with an average of 54.3). The subgroup with an asymptomatic gallstone disease (dyspeptic disorders, without biliary colic) consisted of 47 patients (18 men, 29 women, aged 19–87). Symptomatic gallstone disease occurred in 158 people (35 men, 123 women aged 22 to 81). There have been certain statistically significant differences in the post-operative health condition between the group of patients with symptoms of gallstone disease and the asymptomatic patients. 94.3% of symptomatic patients concluded that their condition has improved and 5.7% that it remained unchanged. Among asymptomatic patients, only 53.2% of patients stated that they felt better post-surgery, 44.7% reported no changes (p < 0.001). There have been no significant differences in the overall QIQLI scores between these subgroups, although symptomatic patients assessed their social functioning better (8.9 ±1.5 vs 8.11 ±2.08, p = 0.004). There have been certain differences between men and women in the assessment of the quality of life in the context of the presence of key symptoms (M: 28.87 ±4.23, F: 26.77 ±5.0, p = 0.007).

  Conclusion: The patients with a symptomatic gallstone disease report they feel better after laparoscopic cholecystectomy as compared to the group of asymptomatic patients. The overall QOL score measured by the GIQLI form does not depend on the presence of symptoms in the preoperative period. Men benefited more from surgery as regards key symptoms.
Braking of the tractor-semi-trailer set in a rectilinear motion
Authors: Radzajewski Paweł , Guzek Marek
Published: December 2021

Because of the increasing share of cargo movement using road transport, the issue of safety hazards related to the movement of trucks and road sets remains an essential element of the overall road safety system. Braking is the primary defensive maneuver in accident situations. The main purpose of this work is to present a simulation method for assessing potential hazards occurring during the braking of an articulated vehicle (tractor-semitrailer combination). A relatively simple, quasistatic mathematical model of road vehicle set braking was presented. Several qualitative and quantitative criteria for safety evaluation were proposed, and a series of exemplary calculations illustrated with time characteristics of the quantities describing the road vehicle set movement. These calculations show that the proposed method may be helpful for the assessment of braking safety depending on the selected factors relating to the operational condition (the way the trailer is loaded, failure of the brake system, road surface condition).
Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction and Classification of Medical Images
Authors: S. Akinbo Racheal , A. Daramola Oladunni
Published: December 2021

The employment of machine learning algorithms in disease classification has evolved as a precision medicine for scientific innovation. The geometric growth in various machine learning systems has paved the way for more research in the medical imaging process. This research aims to promote the development of machine learning algorithms for the classification of medical images. Automated classification of medical images is a fascinating application of machine learning and they have the possibility of higher predictability and accuracy. The technological advancement in the processing of medical imaging will help to reduce the complexities of diseases and some existing constraints will be greatly minimized. This research exposes the main ensemble learning techniques as it covers the theoretical background of machine learning, applications, comparison of machine learning and deep learning, ensemble learning with reviews of state-of the art literature, framework, and analysis. The work extends to medical image types, applications, benefits, and operations. We proposed the application of the ensemble machine learning approach in the classification of medical images for better performance and accuracy. The integration of advanced technology in clinical imaging will help in the prompt classification, prediction, early detection, and a better interpretation of medical images, this will, in turn, improves the quality of life and expands the clinical bearing for machine learning applications.
Structural Health Monitoring of Existing Reinforced Cement Concrete Buildings and Bridge Using Nondestructive Evaluation with Repair Methodology
Authors: Kumar Aman , Singh Rattan Jasvir , Raj Kapoor Nishant , Kumar Ajay , Kumar Rahul
Published: December 2021

Sustainable development means the utilization of resources at a rate less than the rate at which they are renewing. In India infrastructure industry is growing rapidly due to globalization and raising awareness. In the present study, challenges faced by countries like India are to sustain the existing expectations with limited resources available. Reinforced Concrete (RC) structure may suffer several types of defects that may jeopardize their service life. This chapter deals with condition assessment and repair of RCC (G+3) building situated at Northern part of the country. There are various techniques available for repair and rehabilitation of reinforced concrete structures. From a maintenance point of view, it is essential to take up the strength assessment of an existing structure. So, to find out the reason behind the deterioration of the concrete structures some of the NDT and partially destructive technique are used. The NDT tests conducted during this study are Rebound Hammer, Ultra-sonic Pulse Velocity, Concrete resistivity Meter, Ferro-scanning and Carbonation, etc. This chapter helps to explains, how identified the different parameters of distress building like strength, density, level of corrosion and amount of reinforcement. On basis of these results, apply a repair methodology to revert back the strength parameters of the buildings.
Treatise on Sustainable Infrastructure Construction: Green Composites, Cross Laminated/Mass Timber, Wood Truss Connectors, Nondestructive Technologies, Health Assessment and Monitoring: Utility Poles and Geofoam
Authors: Hussein Rafaat
Published: December 2021

The understanding of the engineering performance of green laminated composites is necessary to the design of load bearing components in building and infrastructure construction, and packaging applications. These components are made of outer thin laminae called skins or faces and a thick inner layer called core. The use of bonding is unavoidable in the assembling of these composite products. Like all materials, the bonding materials have finite mechanical properties, e.g. stiffness, but when used in the literature, they are assumed perfectly rigid. That is an unrealistic assumption. Our analytical solutions change this assumption by using the real properties of bonding. In general, the analytical formulations are based on the equilibrium equations of forces, the compatibility of interlaminar stresses and deformation, and the geometrical conditions of the panels. Once solutions are obtained, the next step is to evaluate them. The numerical evaluations proved that perfect rigid bonding in laminated composites greatly underestimates the true performance. At low values of adhesive stiffness, the serviceability is multiple orders of magnitude of that at high values. The logical question is thus: what constitutes perfect bonding? The answer to this question lies in the core-to-adhesive stiffness. The lower the ration is the higher the error in using the rigid-bond theories. It is worth noting that green-composites in this chapter refer to components made of traditional materials such as wood, in addition to newly developed bio-based and bio-degradable and bio-based composites, made of renewable resources. In addition, bonding and adhesive are used interchangeably.
Applications of Silk in Biomedical and Healthcare Textiles
Authors: Omollo Oduor Edison , Wanjiru Ciera Lucy , Kamalha Edwin
Published: December 2021

Global trends are shifting towards environmental friendly materials and manufacturing methods. Therefore, natural fiber applications are gaining traction globally. Silk, a natural protein fiber is one of the textile fibers that have recently received more attention due to the new frontiers brought about by technological advancement that has expanded the use of silk fiber beyond the conventional textile industry. The simple and versatile nature of silk fibroin process-ability has made silk appealing in wide range of applications. Silk is biocompatible, biodegradable, easy to functionalize and has excellent mechanical properties, in addition to optical transparency. This review chapter explores the use of silk in biomedical applications and healthcare textiles. Future trends in silk applications are also highlighted.
Chemical, Mineralogical, and Rheological Characterization of Regional Clays for Potential Use in Cosmetics and Pharmaceutical Products
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Cochiran , de Jesus Santos Adriana
Published: December 2021

Four clay samples from different deposits in the state of Sergipe, Brazil, were fractionated by dispersion and centrifugation for comparative tests with a standard commercial clay used for cosmetic and pharmaceutical purposes. For this, they were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, measurements of cation exchange capacity, oil absorption and viscosity, in addition to particle sizes and plasticity indexes. The objective was to determine the physical and chemical properties of raw clays and the consequent granulometric fractions to evaluate their potential use in products with high added value. After fractionation, the samples showed significant amounts of smectite and kaolinite, which combined with the size, particle distribution, chemical composition, and high adsorption capacity, especially in the PDL and PV samples, make them potentially interesting for applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, they can also be used in spas and esthetic centers for therapeutic purposes based on their softness and cation exchange capacity.
Establishing New Curriculum of Pathology and its Challenges at a New Medical College
Authors: Sandeepa Supriya , Mahadev Kanna Sandhyarani , Nagabhushan Bhargavi K , Shetty Archana , Minal Jessica , PV Nikhil , Muralidhar Aparna , Gaffoor Nidha , Edupuganti Himasree , Krishna Supriya
Published: December 2021

Background: A competency-based curriculum is the key highlight of medical transformation in India, which provides an outcome-based framework requiring the integration of knowledge, skills, and values, unlike an old curriculum that did not provide a cohesive and comprehensive outlook. Objectives: We aimed to discuss and evaluate in detail the process and setup of a new competency-based medical curriculum in the Department of Pathology and enlist the assets and challenges while doing the same. Methods: The new curriculum was set up as per the guidelines provided by the National Medical Council, along with assistance from state university guidelines, articles from the internet and discussions with other universities all over the country. Conclusions: As compared to the previous curriculum, the new curriculum introduces many positive changes and requires a revolutionary change in the outlook of institutions, faculty, and students. Prior preparedness, flexibility to adopt new changes, consistency and long-term commitment through the transition process from facilitators will go a long way in producing an excellent Indian medical graduate.
Presence, Prestige and Patronage: Circus Proprietors and Country Pastors in Australia, 1847–1942
Authors: St Leon Mark Valentine ,   Academic Publishing
Published: December 2021

Christianity and circus entered the Australian landscape within a few decades of each other. Christianity arrived with the First Fleet in 1788. Five years later, Australia’s first church was opened. In 1832, the first display of the circus arts was given by a ropewalker on the stage of Sydney’s Theatre Royal. Fifteen years later, Australia’s first circus was opened in Launceston. Nevertheless, Australia’s historians have tended to overlook both the nation’s religious history and its annals of popular entertainment. In their new antipodean setting, what did Christianity and circus offer each other? To what extent did each accommodate the other in terms of thought and behaviour? In raising these questions, this article suggests the need to remove the margins between the mainstreams of Australian religious and social histories. For the argument of this article: 1) the term “religion” will refer to Christianity, specifically its Roman Catholic and principal Protestant manifestations introduced in Australia, Anglican, Presbyterian and Methodist; and 2) the term “circus” will refer to the form of popular entertainment, a major branch of the performing arts and a sub-branch of theatre, as devised by Astley in London from 1768, and first displayed in the Australia in 1847.
Protecting Patient Goals in Palliative Care and Hospice
Authors: Hilliard Marie T. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: December 2021

Palliative care and hospice, while distinct programs, are quite often given to the same individuals. The complexities of achieving goal-oriented care often lead to utilitarian ethics in health care, particularly as societal respect for human life and dignity weakens. This article examines these complexities with a particular emphasis on ensuring personalized care from physicians who know the goals of the patient.
Exploring and Developing a Comprehensive Teaching Model for Graduate Ethics Education Across Disciplines
Authors: St. Clair Norman , Poole Deborah ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2021

Our research addressed an increase of unethical practices in professional settings identified in the literature, and this increase coincides with a shift in U.S. culture from principle-based ethics to one trending toward moral relativism. We discovered many programs lack comprehensiveness to deal with the complexities of culture in graduate education. The purpose of this instrumental case study was to explore and develop a conceptual framework for a comprehensive teaching model targeting graduate-level educators, administrators, and educational boards across disciplines. Data were collected over 13 years from a doctoral professional ethics course at a private, faith-based university in South Texas. Using a Design Based Research process following Reeves’ (2006) guidelines, we developed a multi-disciplinary graduate theoretical teaching model for ethics: Comprehensive Professional Ethics Teaching Model (CPET model), grounded in our data analysis and findings. Recommendations include implementing and testing the efficacy of the CPET model in subsequent studies.
Protective association exhibited by a single nucleotide polymorphism of the IFIH1 gene in patients with psoriasis: A case-control study
Authors: Erazo Luna Evelyn Vanesa , Echavarría Sierra Claudia Janeth , Cornejo-Sánchez Diana M. , Sanclemente Gloria , Pineda Trujillo Nicolás Guillermo
Published: December 2021

Introducción La psoriasis es una dermatosis inflamatoria crónica, con presentación clínica variable y cuya etiología involucra un componente genético importante. Alrededor del mundo se han descrito múltiples variaciones genéticas asociadas a la enfermedad. Sin embargo, en población colombiana se desconocen estas variantes. En este estudio se evalúa el polimorfismo de nucleótido único rs10930046 (His460Arg) en el gen IFIH1 y su asociación con el desarrollo de psoriasis en población colombiana. Además, se caracteriza a los individuos demográfica y clínicamente. Métodos Se realizó un estudio observacional de casos y controles, no pareado, que incluyó 51 individuos con psoriasis y 151 controles poblacionales, todos de ancestría paisa (proveniente de la región de Antioquia) auto reportada. A todos los individuos se les realizó genotipificación del polimorfismo de nucleótido único rs10930046 (His460Arg) en el gen IFIH1 y se les determinó la asociación con la enfermedad. Se caracterizaron demográficamente ambos grupos y los casos clínicamente. Resultados Se encontró que los casos presentaron una menor frecuencia del polimorfismo de nucleótido único rs10930046 (His460Arg) en el gen IFIH1 en relación a los controles, 5 versus 22,67% respectivamente, con un análisis de asociación alélico. No hubo diferencias significativas en edad ni en sexo. La psoriasis vulgar fue la variante de presentación más común (78%). Alrededor de la mitad de los casos presentaron psoriasis ungular (56%), en menor frecuencia artritis psoriásica (19,6%) y el 45% de los casos tuvo alguna comorbilidad. Conclusiones Los resultados obtenidos confirman que los portadores del polimorfismo de nucleótido único rs10930046 (His460Arg) en el gen IFIH1, presentan un riesgo disminuido de desarrollar psoriasis.
Clinical and epidemiological characterization in the follow-up of newborns with COVID-19: a descriptive study
Authors: Dávila-Aliaga Carmen , Torres-Marcos Elsa , Paucar-Zegarra Rafael , Hinojosa-Pérez Rosmary , Espinoza-Vivas Ylia , Mendoza-Ibáñez Elina , Marín Diego , Espínola-Sánchez Marcos , De la Cruz-Dávila Jonathan , Arango-Ochante Pedro
Published: December 2021

Introduction COVID-19 disease affects newborns, but its middle and long-term effects are still unclear. Objective To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and follow-up of newborns infected with SARS-CoV-2. Methods An observational and descriptive study. We included newborns with SARS-CoV-2 positive RT-PCR born from SARS-CoV-2 seropositive mothers. Delivery and newborn care were provided at the 'Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal' from Peru between June 1 and September 30, 2020. Perinatal information was collected from medical records. Remote follow-up and face-to-face evaluations gathered epidemiological and clinical information, in addition to serological and RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results During the study period, 4733 neonates were born at the institution. We found that 1488 (31.4%) were born from seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 mothers. Finally, we included the 34 (2.3%) newborns with positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Regarding the included newborns, 29.4% were delivered by cesarean section, 26.5% had low birth weight, 11.8% were preterm, 26.5% were hospitalized, and one died. Twenty-eight had a remote follow-up, and 18 also had a face-to-face follow-up. A total of 64.3% were exclusively breastfed, 28.6% were mixed breastfed, and 7.1% used a substitute formula. The face-to-face evaluation was performed between one and four months of chronological age. We found that 100% had negative control RT-PCR test for COVID-19, 38.9% had a negative serological test (IgM, IgG), and 61.1% positive IgG. Conclusions Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection is rare, and most infected infants are asymptomatic. Vaginal delivery, breastfeeding, and joint isolation did not related with complications during hospital care. Infants under remote and in-person follow-up showed favorable clinical evolution during the study period.
Understanding of anglicisms in fourth grade primary school pupils in relation to sociodemographic variables
Authors: Miljković Miljan , Perišić Snežana
Published: December 2021

The adoption of words of foreign, English, origin can be characterized as a common social phenomenon. As it is necessary to understand unknown words and expressions in order to experience literary values, preparing a teacher for interpreting a text implies anticipating the projection of students in the field of vocabulary, semantics and phraseology. Anglicisms can often be understood as unreasonably used words that can slow down the process of experiencing and receiving literary and artistic texts. Precisely because of that, the main research goal is reflected in the examination of the understanding of words borrowed from the English language in the teaching of literature in the fourth grade. The research was conducted on a sample of 80 fourth grade students from elementary schools in Kosovska Mitrovica and Zvečan. The data obtained in the research indicate that students have a poor understanding of borrowed words and that their understanding depends on the school that the student attends and the material status of the family. Students whose families are of better material status have higher scores on the English language comprehension test. The obtained data partially confirm the research hypotheses.
Padre Paulo Ricardo: trajetória política digital recente do agente ultracatólico do cristofascismo brasileiro
Authors: Py Fábio
Published: December 2021

A partir da História Política do Tempo Presente e da História Digital, o artigo destaca a atuação do Padre Paulo Ricardo, na construção de pautas político-religiosas que ajudaram na mobilização do projeto de extrema direita de Jair Bolsonaro até o poder. Ao considerar a noção de cristofascismo como uma “teologia do poder autoritário”, o texto destaca os materiais utilizados pelo perfil de Bolsonaro nas redes sociais que foram replicados do perfil do padre; para isso, se vale da noção de “trajetória” de Giovanni Levi para traçar os últimos anos da atividade de Paulo Ricardo. Nesse sentido, a produção digital das redes sociais do padre alimenta o que se qualifica como cristofascismo de Bolsonaro, com temas da guerra dos deuses promovida pelo Estado cujos efeitos são o desprezo à ciência e contrariedade à pluralidade democrática. Palavras-chave: Padre Paulo Ricardo; história política; história digital; cristofascismo.
La guerra civil española en el cine como fuente historiográfica: la Andalucía del filme La Trinchera Infinita (2019) y la reconstrucción digital de un fascismo invisible
Authors: Blanco Pérez Manuel , Balleta Edoardo
Published: December 2021

Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la cultura digital ha supuesto un revulsivo en el oficio de historiador, que ha encontrado otros cauces para la divulgación de su trabajo. Ello es especialmente visible en el cine de la nueva era Netflix, con una nueva mirada que, desde la microhistoria, busca acercarse a las grandes epopeyas de los acontecimientos, centrándose en quienes los padecen. Analizaremos el premiado filme vasco-andaluz La Trinchera Infinita (2019), centrado en la Guerra Civil española (1931-1939), para reflexionar sobre la construcción de un guion de ficción basado íntegramente en unas historias reales, recogidas en un libro periodístico de 1977. El filme representa el fascismo invisible, en una narración donde la ausencia y la sombra son un personaje más. Y donde gracias a la tecnología digital, se ha conseguido articular un relato que trasciende el hecho de la contienda, hablando, en general, de los miedos de la mente, de la soledad, del riesgo de la autoexclusión de quien mira el mundo a través de un agujero.
Palabras clave: historia; cine; guerra civil española; literatura; periodismo de guerra.
Avaliação da estrutura florística em uma área de manejo florestal comunitário-empresarial localizada no município de Mojuí dos Campos/PA.
Authors: Rodrigues Caio Felipe Almeida , Ruschel Ademir Roberto , Mendes Fernanda da Silva , Carneiro Francimary da Silva , Santos Jéssica Costa dos , Sousa Madson Alan Rocha de
Published: December 2021

Foram discutidos aspectos da composição florística, estrutura florestal horizontal, distribuição diamétrica, representatividade amostral, similaridade e diversidade de um povoamento de floresta ombrófila densa, situado em uma comunidade localizada às margens da BR 163, município de Mojuí dos Campos-PA. Tal procedimento foi realizado através do inventário florestal amostral de 18 parcelas permanentes, cada uma com dimensão correspondente a um hectare, distribuídas em seis lotes. Foram levantados 9.120 indivíduos arbóreos, distribuídos em 308 espécies, 177 gêneros e 59 famílias botânicas. A densidade média para o povoamento foi na ordem de 482,5 árvores/ha e área basal média de 22,3 m²/ha. A similaridade entre os lotes foi na média de 0,7631, o que significou uma alta semelhança florística na área. A diversidade de Shannon encontrada foi na média de 4,77 e a equitabilidade de Pielou foi de 0,84. Concluindo que a área de manejo comunitário apresenta um grande número de indivíduos arbóreos, com predominância de um pequeno grupo de espécies, a comunidade apresentou grande número de espécies com baixa densidade.
Qualidade da água em regiões de Estâncias Hidrominerais/MG
Authors: Amâncio Diego Vipa , Coelho Gilberto , Silva Renato Antônio da , Oliveira Jonas Faria Dionisio de , Alvarenga Lívia Alves
Published: December 2021

Os recursos hídricos superficiais são os maiores usos do ser humano nos dias atuais. Seus usos múltiplos são de extrema importância, pois auxilia nas atividades diversas, produção de alimento, geração de energia, abastecimento público e lazer. Regiões de estâncias hidrominerais tem sofrido diversos impactos causados pela intensa exploração, como principal a perda das suas características. Partindo do pressuposto, objetivou-se nesse trabalho avaliar o índice de qualidade da água, juntamente do Teste de agrupamento Scott Knott. Os pontos foram divididos em nascentes (N1 – Robertinho; N2 – Toninho; N3 – Leonildo; N4 – Tijuco Preto) e cursos d’água (C1 – Robertinho; C2 – Leonildo). O período de monitoramento se deu do dia 11 de junho de 2017 ao dia 27 de novembro de 2018, totalizando 13 campanhas. Já o IQA teve resultados como Bom e Médio nos pontos amostrais. Diante dos resultados encontrados, o teste de Scott & Knott associou os principais parâmetros que afetaram significativamente a qualidade da água, como os Coliformes Termotolerantes, Fosfato, Nitrato, Oxigênio Dissolvido e Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio, sendo os mesmos associados as poluições difusas, presença de gado e também defensivos agrícolas no entorno dos pontos amostrais.
Impactos da população atingida pela estiagem no município de Taperoá, Paraíba
Authors: Pereira Júlia Soares , Moraes Neto João Miguel de , Silva Viviane Farias , Brito Kalyne Sonale Arruda , Martins Wanessa Alves
Published: December 2021

Nas regiões semiáridas, a vulnerabilidade das populações às variações climáticas constitui um grave problema. Os agricultores familiares são ainda mais vulneráveis, pois além de serem dependentes de recursos naturais, sofrem impactos na produção agrícola causados pela deficiência hídrica, de tal forma que não conseguem lidar com esses eventos, podendo ser uma situação que enfraquece a sua base de recursos e também a sustentabilidade do sistema. O município de Taperoá - PB (7º 12’ 23” Sul - 36º 49’ 25” Oeste), Estado da Paraíba (Brasil), está localizado na microrregião do Cariri Ocidental. Limita-se ao Norte, com Areia de Baraúna, Salgadinho e Assunção, Leste, com Santo André e São José dos Cordeiros, Sul, com São José dos Cordeiros e Livramento, Oeste, com Cacimbas e Passagem. Possui uma área de 644,155 Km² e população estimada em 15 193 pessoas. Nos seus aspectos climáticos, a região está caracterizada por chuvas concentradas em um único período (3 a 5 meses), variando as médias anuais de 400 a 800, sendo nos últimos 10 anos as piores médias registradas por ano. O índice de vulnerabilidade à seca encontrado foi de 67,4%, sendo considerada muito alta evidenciando o estado permanente de debilidade socioeconômica. Indica ainda, a inexistência de políticas e infraestrutura para a convivência com o semiárido. O alto valor de vulnerabilidade à seca encontrado expressa os níveis críticos de exposição e fragilidade a desastres ambientais em que vive a população.
Effects of explant position and orientation, medium ph and nitrogen sources on micropropagation of blackberry
Authors: Aguiar Thábata Cristina Faxina de , Negri Ana Paola , Boff Pedro , Costa Murilo Dalla , Boff Mari Inês Carissimi , RombolÃ  Adamo Domenico
Published: December 2021

Composition of the medium and the explant origin are factors that interfere on success of micropropagation of Rubus species. For blackberry cultivar LochNess it was not investigated yet how the position and orientation of explant, pH levels and nitrogen source interfere on micropropagation. In this work, focused on the establishment of in vitro culture, variables were studied on R. fruticosus cv Loch Ness, such as the choice of the explants depending on their original position on the mother plant, pH level and nitrogen sources of the culture medium. For the first time in vitro on Rubus, the downward orientation (capogatto) of shoot tips explants was compared with the normal upward orientation. The highest weight and length values were recorded for the shoots proliferated from basal and nodal explants. For the initiation medium, the best multiplication rate were obtained in pH adjusted to 4.5. Shoot length was influenced by the nitrogen source; when associated with an increased light intensity, the complete substitution of ammonium by nitrate allowed results comparable with those obtained with the control medium containing both sources. The use of aminoacids did not improve the results. Apex orientation did not affect anatomical parameters or rooting rates of wild Rubus, but more efforts should be devoted on in vitro capogatto technique considering that advantages like reduction of plant growth regulators, cultivation on the same medium culture for more time and easily rooting can be established.
Principal component analysis for heavy metals in hydrographic sub-basins of the rivers Capivari and Mortes/MG
Authors: Amâncio Diego Vipa , Coelho Gilberto , Marques Rosângela Francisca de Paula Vitor , Campos Laíla Luana , Silva Renato Antônio da
Published: December 2021

Population growth and industrialization are correlated with the contamination of water resources by the release of untreated effluents into water sources. The objective of this work was to characterize heavy metals in sub-basins of the rivers Capivari and Mortes and the variability using principal component analysis (PCA). Three points were sampled at GD1 (P - I at Ingai â€“ Minduri River, P - II at Capivari River and P - III at Ingai â€“ Luminarias River) and three points at GD2 (P - IV at Mortes River, P - V at Peixe River and P - VI at Ribeirao dos Tabuoes). The monitoring period was from April 2015 to February 2016. Analysis of Aluminum, Bromine, Copper, Hexavalent Chromium, Iron, Manganese, Nickel and Zinc were evaluated. We compared the results with the Maximum Allowed Value in agreement with class 2, according to DN COPAM CERH 01/08. We also observed variables above the allowed value due to the discharge of domestic and industrial effluents, interference from precipitation and the contact between livestock and water sources. The principal components analysis (PCA) revealed that on average, the principal component 1 corresponds to 62.2% of the total variability of the data considering GD 1, and, in GD 2, PC 1 is responsible for a higher average percentage of the total variability of the data, corresponding to 73.4%, hence being more representative.