bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SLC30A10 Is a Cell Surface-Localized Manganese Efflux Transporter, and Parkinsonism-Causing Mutations Block Its Intracellular Trafficking and Efflux Activity
Authors: Leyva-Illades Dinorah , Chen Pan , Zogzas Charles E. , Hutchens Steven , Mercado Jonathan M. , Swaim Caleb D. , Morrisett Richard A. , Bowman Aaron B. , Aschner Michael , Mukhopadhyay Somshuvra
Published: October 2014

Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal, but elevated cellular levels are toxic and may lead to the development of an irreversible parkinsonian-like syndrome that has no treatment. Mn-induced parkinsonism generally occurs as a result of exposure to elevated Mn levels in occupational or environmental settings. Additionally, patients with compromised liver function attributable to diseases, such as cirrhosis, fail to excrete Mn and may develop Mn-induced parkinsonism in the absence of exposure to elevated Mn. Recently, a new form of familial parkinsonism was reported to occur as a result of mutations inSLC30A10. The cellular function of SLC30A10 and the mechanisms by which mutations in this protein cause parkinsonism are unclear. Here, using a combination of mechanistic and functional studies in cell culture,Caenorhabditis elegans, and primary midbrain neurons, we show that SLC30A10 is a cell surface-localized Mn efflux transporter that reduces cellular Mn levels and protects against Mn-induced toxicity. Importantly, mutations in SLC30A10 that cause familial parkinsonism blocked the ability of the transporter to traffic to the cell surface and to mediate Mn efflux. Although expression of disease-causing SLC30A10 mutations were not deleterious by themselves, neurons and worms expressing these mutants exhibited enhanced sensitivity to Mn toxicity. Our results provide novel insights into the mechanisms involved in the onset of a familial form of parkinsonism and highlight the possibility of using enhanced Mn efflux as a therapeutic strategy for the potential management of Mn-induced parkinsonism, including that occurring as a result of mutations inSLC30A10.
Temporal Memory Is Shaped by Encoding Stability and Intervening Item Reactivation
Authors: DuBrow Sarah , Davachi Lila
Published: October 2014

Making sense of previous experience requires remembering the order in which events unfolded in time. Prior work has implicated the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe cortex in memory for temporal information associated with individual episodes. However, the processes involved in encoding and retrieving temporal information across extended sequences is relatively poorly understood. Here we used fMRI during the encoding and retrieval of extended sequences to test specific predictions about the type of information used to resolve temporal order and the role of the hippocampus in this process. Participants studied sequences of images of celebrity faces and common objects followed by a recency discrimination test. The main conditions of interest were pairs of items that had been presented with three intervening items, half of which included an intervening category shift. During encoding, hippocampal pattern similarity across intervening items was associated with subsequent successful order memory. To test for evidence of associative retrieval, we trained a classifier to discriminate encoding patterns associated with faces versus objects and applied the classifier on fMRI patterns during recency discrimination. We found evidence that the category content of intervening items was reactivated during recency judgments, and this was related to hippocampal encoding-retrieval similarity. A follow-up behavioral priming experiment revealed additional evidence for intervening item reinstatement during temporal order judgments. Reinstatement did not differ according to whether the items occurred within a single context or across context boundaries. Thus, these data suggest that inter-item associative encoding and retrieval mediated by the hippocampus contribute to temporal order memory.
Goal-Congruent Default Network Activity Facilitates Cognitive Control
Authors: Spreng R. Nathan , DuPre Elizabeth , Selarka Dhawal , Garcia Juliana , Gojkovic Stefan , Mildner Judith , Luh Wen-Ming , Turner Gary R.
Published: October 2014

Substantial neuroimaging evidence suggests that spontaneous engagement of the default network impairs performance on tasks requiring executive control. We investigated whether this impairment depends on the congruence between executive control demands and internal mentation. We hypothesized that activation of the default network might enhance performance on an executive control task if control processes engage long-term memory representations that are supported by the default network. Using fMRI, we scanned 36 healthy young adult humans on a novel two-back task requiring working memory for famous and anonymous faces. In this task, participants (1) matched anonymous faces interleaved with anonymous face, (2) matched anonymous faces interleaved with a famous face, or (3) matched a famous faces interleaved with an anonymous face. As predicted, we observed a facilitation effect when matching famous faces, compared with anonymous faces. We also observed greater activation of the default network during these famous face-matching trials. The results suggest that activation of the default network can contribute to task performance during an externally directed executive control task. Our findings provide evidence that successful activation of the default network in a contextually relevant manner facilitates goal-directed cognition.
Adult Neural Precursor Cells from the Subventricular Zone Contribute Significantly to Oligodendrocyte Regeneration and Remyelination
Authors: Xing Yao Lulu , Röth Philipp T. , Stratton Jo Anne S. , Chuang Bernard H.A. , Danne Jill , Ellis Sarah L. , Ng Sze Woei , Kilpatrick Trevor J. , Merson Tobias D.
Published: October 2014

Parenchymal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (pOPCs) are considered the principal cell type responsible for oligodendrogenesis and remyelinaton in demyelinating diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that neural precursor cells (NPCs) from the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) can also generate new oligodendrocytes after demyelination. However, the relative contribution of NPCs versus pOPCs to remyelination is unknown. We usedin vivogenetic fate mapping to assess the behavior of each progenitor type within the corpus callosi (CCs) of mice subjected to cuprizone-induced demyelination.Nestin-CreERT2andPdgfra-CreERT2transgenic mice were crossed with fluorescent Cre reporter strains to map the fate of NPCs and pOPCs respectively. In cuprizone-challenged mice, substantial numbers of NPCs migrated into the demyelinated CC and contributed to oligodendrogenesis. This capacity was most prominent in rostral regions adjacent to the SVZ where NPC-derived oligodendrocytes significantly outnumbered those generated from pOPCs. Sixty-two percent of all nodes of Ranvier in this region were flanked by at least one paranode generated from an NPC-derived oligodendrocyte. Remarkably, g-ratios (ratio of the axon diameter to the diameter of the axon plus myelin sheath) of myelinated axons in regions subject to significant NPC-derived remyelination were equivalent to those of unchallenged controls, and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that NPC-derived myelin was significantly thicker than that generated by pOPCs, regardless of axonal caliber. We also demonstrate that a reduced efficiency of remyelination in the caudal CC was associated with long-term impairment in the maturation of oligodendrogenic NPCs but only transient delay in pOPC differentiation. Collectively, our data define a major distinct role for NPCs in remyelination, identifying them as a key target for enhancing myelin repair in demyelinating diseases.
Political Culture and Democratic Consolidation in South Korea
Authors: Heo Uk , Hahm Sung Deuk
Published: October 2014

South Korea experienced democratization in 1987, yet violations of the democratic rule of law are rather common; such actions are far from routine practices of democratic institutions. We argue that South Korea’s political culture is the reason for the tardy maturing of democratic institutions.
“Dalits” in Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Bhatia Mohita
Published: October 2014

This article argues that socio-political responses of Scheduled Castes in Jammu and Kashmir do not neatly fit into the category of “Dalit assertion.” Rather than simply prioritizing their caste concerns, Scheduled Castes manifest a diversified and ambiguous response, especially as they engage with the conflict-centered political discourse of the state.
Todos los jefes: Reflections on the Origins of UC MEXUS
Authors: Lepp Kathryn Vincent
Published: October 2014

This memoir recalls the individuals and initiatives that formed the basis of the University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States (UC MEXUS) from its conception by UC President David Saxon in 1980 through its formal establishment within the University of California system in 1992. Throughout the period, the UC MEXUS project served as a vehicle for evolution and expression of the University’s objective of leading the nation in its binational approach to scientific collaboration, political discourse, Chicano/Latino studies, and broadly relevant topics in the arts and humanities.

Esta memoria recuerda a los individuos y las iniciativas que sentaron las bases del Instituto para México y Estados Unidos de la Universidad de California (UC MEXUS) desde su concepción por el presidente de la UC David Saxon en 1980 hasta su establecimiento formal dentro del sistema de la Universidad de California en 1992. A lo largo de este tiempo, el proyecto UC MEXUS ha servido como vehículo para la evolución y expresión del objetivo universitario de conducir a la nación a la colaboración científica, el discurso político, los estudios chicanos/latinos y temas de gran relevancia en las artes y las humanidades desde un enfoque binacional.
Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos
Authors: Ordóñez Jaime Edmundo Rodríguez
Published: October 2014

The essay evokes the origins and development of Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos (MS/EM) during the thirty years of its existence. It explains the process that led to the agreement in 1982 between the University of California Consortium for Mexico and the United States (UC MEXUS) and the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) to establish the multidisciplinary journal that appeared in 1985. It recalls the difficult process of developing a new journal with standards. It also provides a brief survey of MS/EM’s evolution and the varied nature of articles published in the multidisciplinary journal. Finally, it thanks the many dedicated persons who have contributed to its success.

El ensayo evoca los orígenes y el desarrollo de Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos (MS/EM) durante sus treinta años de existencia. En él, se explica el proceso que llevó al acuerdo en 1982 entre el Consorcio para México y Estados Unidos (UC MEXUS) de la Universidad de California y la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) para establecer la revista multidisciplinaria que apareció en 1985. Además, recuerda el difícil proceso para desarrollar una nueva revista con los estándares requeridos. También proporciona un breve recuento de la evolución de MS/EM y de la naturaleza variada de los artículos publicados en esta revista interdisciplinaria. Finalmente, agradece a las numerosas personas dedicadas que han contribuido a su éxito.
“In the Name of Civilization and with a Bible in Their Hands:” Religion and the 1846–48 Mexican-American War
Authors: Guardino Peter
Published: October 2014

Religion was crucial to how Americans and Mexicans saw their enemies and motivated themselves to contribute to the 1846–1848 war. The very strength of religious attitudes made controlling their effects difficult. Some U.S. troops attacked Mexican Catholicism, inspiring Mexican resistance. Conversely, Mexican authorities sometimes sought to limit religiously inspired resistance. Furthermore, at a key moment some Mexicans felt their religious concerns required them to violently oppose their own government. Mexican negotiators gained protections for Catholics in the territory transferred by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, but anti-Catholic politicians in the U.S. Senate eliminated these protections before ratifying the treaty.

La religión constituyó un factor crucial en la manera de concebir al enemigo y de animarse a participar en la guerra de 1846–1848 entre estadounidenses y mexicanos. La misma fuerza de las actitudes religiosas dificultaba el control de sus efectos. Algunas tropas estadounidenses atacaban el catolicismo mexicano e inspiraban así la resistencia. A su vez, las autoridades mexicanas a veces buscaban limitar la resistencia inspirada por la religión. Además, en un momento clave, algunos mexicanos sintieron que sus preocupaciones religiosas les exigían oponerse violentamente a su propio gobierno. Los negociadores mexicanos obtuvieron protección para los católicos en el territorio transferido mediante el Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo, pero los políticos anticatólicos del Senado de Estados Unidos suprimieron esta protección antes de ratificar el tratado.
La masculinidad marginada en la vanguardia postrevolucionaria: el caso de El Café de Nadie de Arqueles Vela
Authors: Espinosa Ángela Cecilia
Published: October 2014

Este artículo analiza los temas de género y sexualidad en textos clave del estridentismo mexicano: Actual No. 1 (1922) de Manuel Maples Arce, El movimiento estridentista (1926) de Germán List Arzubide y El Café de Nadie (1924) de Arqueles Vela. La crítica reciente ha tachado a los estridentistas de machistas y homofóbicos. Sin embargo, a mi parecer El Café de Nadie representa un caso excepcional, ya que subvierte el discurso dominante del hombre mexicano como viril y fuerte. Al resaltar la figura femenina de lapelona (una “flapper”), Vela más bien expone la crisis de la masculinidad engendrada por la Revolución.

This article analyzes gender and sexuality in key texts from the Stridentist movement: Actual no. 1 (1921) by Manuel Maples Arce, El movimiento estridentista (1926) by Germán List Arzubide, and El Café de Nadie (1924) by Arqueles Vela. Recent scholarship has criticized the stridentists for their homophobic, machista attitudes. Nevertheless, I argue that El Café de Nadie subverts the dominant discourse of the virile Mexican man. By highlighting the figure of lapelona (the Mexican equivalent of a “flapper”), Vela exposes the crisis in masculinity engendered by the Revolution.
From the Screen to the Wall: Siqueiros and Eisenstein in Mexico
Authors: Herrera Juan Carlos Arias
Published: October 2014

The relation between Russian filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein and “The Three Greats” of Mexican muralism has been widely discussed. The opposite connection, the influence of Eisenstein’s ideas and techniques on Mexican artists, however, has been less analyzed. This text examines the relation between Eisenstein’s aesthetic theories and David Alfaro Siqueiros’ poetics of mural painting. Through the analysis of the work The March of Humanity, I propose that Eisenstein and Siqueiros established a productive dialogue focused on the concept of dialectics that, according to them, was the key to producing a new link between art and the masses.

La relación entre el cineasta ruso Sergei Eisenstein y los llamados “Tres Grandes” del muralismo mexicano ha sido ampliamente discutida. La conexión contraria, sin embargo, esto es, la influencia de las ideas y técnicas de Eisenstein sobre los artistas mexicanos, ha sido menos analizada. Este texto examina la relación entre las teorías estéticas de Eisenstein y la poética de la pintura mural de David Alfaro Siqueiros. A través del análisis de la obra La Marcha de la Humanidad, me interesa mostrar que Eisenstein y Siqueiros establecieron un diálogo productivo centrado en el concepto de dialéctica, el cual, de acuerdo con los dos autores, era la clave para la producción de un nuevo vínculo entre el arte y las masas.
Youth Sexting as Child Pornography? Developmental Science Supports Less Harsh Sanctions for Juvenile Sexters
Authors: Thomas April Gile , Cauffman Elizabeth
Published: October 2014

It is critical that the legal and psychological issues surrounding youth sexting, a term derived from the joining of “sex” and “texting,” be considered. Based on current interpretations of the law, minors who engage in sexting can be charged with a felony offense and in some cases be required to register as a sex offender. Yet, when adults share sexually explicit photos of themselves, such behavior is protected under the First Amendment (provided the subject and the recipient of the image are consenting adults). The purpose of the present review is to examine the differential treatment of sexting by minors in the legal system and the controversy surrounding child pornography legislation. A brief history of child pornography legislation is provided, followed by a review of the existing literature on the prevalence and patterns of juvenile sexting. Available case law is summarized, with an emphasis on the consequences of sexting specifically for juveniles. The authors then address the developmental factors relevant to understanding youth sexting behavior. These considerations lead to a discussion of whether it is appropriate to consider adolescents culpable for such behavior and, if so, to what degree and under what circumstances. It is argued that sexting behavior be considered separate from child pornography, and as such, the authors propose that specific legislation be designed to address the unique situations in which sexting behavior occurs. Furthermore, based on developmental science, the authors conclude that juveniles should be considered less culpable for sexting behavior than adults, and recommend that the punishment for minors be more developmentally appropriate.
Induction of autophagy supports the bioenergetic demands of quiescent muscle stem cell activation
Authors: Tang Ann H , Rando Thomas A
Published: October 2014

The exit of a stem cell out of quiescence into an activated state is characterized by major metabolic changes associated with increased biosynthesis of proteins and macromolecules. The regulation of this transition is poorly understood. Using muscle stem cells, or satellite cells (SCs), we found that autophagy, which catabolizes intracellular contents to maintain proteostasis and to produce energy during nutrient deprivation, was induced during SC activation. Inhibition of autophagy suppressed the increase in ATP levels and delayed SC activation, both of which could be partially rescued by exogenous pyruvate as an energy source, suggesting that autophagy may provide nutrients necessary to meet bioenergetic demands during this critical transition from quiescence to activation. We found that SIRT1, a known nutrient sensor, regulates autophagic flux in SC progeny. A deficiency of SIRT1 led to a delay in SC activation that could also be partially rescued by exogenous pyruvate. These studies suggest that autophagy, regulated by SIRT1, may play an important role during SC activation to meet the high bioenergetic demands of the activation process.
Long-term, treatment-free survival in select patients with distant metastatic papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Kwong Norra , Marqusee Ellen , Gordon Michael S , Larsen P Reed , Garber Jeffrey R , Kim Matthew I , Alexander Erik K
Published: October 2014

Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) generally has a favorable prognosis. However, patients with distant metastatic disease experience progression of disease with a higher mortality. A subset of patients not previously described may challenge the conventional dogma regarding the progressive nature of all metastatic WDTC. Through analysis of our database, we identified patients with distant metastatic WDTC and persistent, minimally progressive disease. In all patients, persistent metastatic disease was confirmed via tissue biopsy, abnormal PET scan, and/or biochemical elevations in thyroglobulin or antibody levels. Progression of disease was monitored clinically and with repeat imaging. We describe five patients with WDTC and pulmonary metastases, aged 8–43 years at diagnosis. All patients underwent initial surgery and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation, with some receiving multiple treatments. Persistent pulmonary metastatic disease was confirmed over decades (mean 22 years, range 8–42 years) with minimal progression despite no further treatment beyond thyroid hormone suppression. Persistent disease was biopsy-proven in all patients at a mean of 9.6 years from last RAI treatment. All patients had elevated thyroglobulin or anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels, while three demonstrated metabolically active disease with positive FDG uptake on PET scan, and one patient with persistent radioactive iodine avid pulmonary metastasis 36 years after her last RAI treatment. This case series demonstrates that some patients with distant metastases, even if metabolically active and radioactive iodine resistant, remain stable for decades without further treatment. Clinical awareness of such patients and continual reassessment of disease risk following initial therapy are crucial as aggressive treatment may not be necessary.
Phaeochromocytoma presenting with polyuria: an uncommon presentation of a rare tumour
Authors: Atapattu N , Imalke K A C P , Madarasinghe M , Lamahewage A , de Silva K S H
Published: October 2014

Children rarely present with phaeochromocytoma. Their presentation differs from that of adults. The classic triad of sweating, headache and palpitation may not always present in children with phaeochromocytoma. In this study, we present a 6-year-old girl who came to us with polyuria and polydipsia for evaluation of suspected diabetes insipidus. She gave a clear history of increased sweating in the recent past. On clinical examination, she was noted to have high blood pressure. Subsequent investigations revealed a phaeochromocytoma. Her polyuria and hypertension resolved immediately after the surgery. We did not have the facilities to arrange for genetic tests; however, the patient and the family members are under follow-up for other associated conditions.

Learning points

Polyuria and polydipsia are rare symptoms of phaeochromocytoma.

Complete physical examination prevented unnecessary investigations for polyuria and led to a correct diagnosis.

Classic features are not always necessary for diagnostic evaluation of rare diseases.
Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Effect of Different Antibiotics Mixed with CuO, MgO and ZnO Nanoparticles in Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli cultures
Authors: Alenó Raúl , Collazo Anthony López , Medina Eulalia , Figueroa Lourdes Díaz , Ramírez José I. , Ferrer Torres Edmy J.
Published: October 2014

Due to the rapid advance of the emergence of resistant microorganisms to different antibiotics, there is a need to create new antimicrobial agents. It is possible that Nanotechnology has a great impact in this area since the nanoparticles can improve the antimicrobial effect of the antibiotics. In this study we used three different metal oxides nanoparticles, the MgO, ZnO and CuO. These nanoparticles were selected because their interactions leading to cell death and their optical properties. The aim of this study is to develop new methods that are more effective against resistance bacteria, developing antibacterial agents using different nanoparticles against Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC BAA-1026). This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effects of a combination of nanoparticles together with different concentrations of three antibiotics, Gentamicin, Cephalexin and Co-Trimoxazole. The results showed that some nanoparticles are effective to inhibit growth in these microorganisms by increasing the effectiveness of the antibiotic. Therefore, the present study indicates that the combination of the nanoparticles with antibiotics may be applicable as a new antimicrobial agent.
Synthesis of ZnxMg1-xO Nanocrystals and the Assessment of their Antimicrobial Activity against Escherichia Coli
Authors: Cedeño-Mattei Yarilyn , Concepción-Abreu Rosa , Perales-Pérez Oscar
Published: October 2014

The present work focuses on the synthesis and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of ZnxMg1-xO solid solutions. ZnxMg1-xO solid solutions were synthesized through the thermal decomposition of ZnMg-precursor synthesized in aqueous and ethanol solutions via a two-steps process. The antimicrobial activity of ZnxMg1-xO solid solution against E. coli was evaluated using the spread plate method in presence of ZnxMg1-xO powder of different contents of Zn species, ‘x’. The powder concentrations evaluated were 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm. Zn0.10Mg0.90O powders exhibited a bacterial growth inhibition between 38% and 100% when the powder concentration increased from 500 up to 1500 ppm, respectively. A decreasing trend was observed for x = 0.30 and above; the corresponding bacterial growth inhibition was 12%, 6%, and 5% when the particles concentration was, respectively, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm. X-Ray diffraction analyses suggested the incorporation of Zn ions into the MgO lattice for ‘x’ values below 0.10, enhancing the antimicrobial activity; the formation of two isolated oxide phases observed at larger ‘x’ values (e.g. x = 0.30 and x = 0.50 Zn), could explain the detected inhibition of the corresponding antimicrobial activity.
Ink-Jet Printed Cu/CuxO/Ag ReRAM Memory Devices Fabricated on Flexible Substrate
Authors: Zou Simin , Hamilton Michael C.
Published: October 2014

Recently, flexible electronics is attracting growing attention due to its various properties such as lightness and flexibility, which cannot be replaced by rigid electronics. In this study, we investigate flexible ink-jet printed Cu/CuxO/Ag capacitor-like structure that exhibits bipolar resistive switching behavior under direct current voltage sweeps. A vaccum-free and low temperature process is used to fabricate this ReRAM memory device, which allows straightforward fabrication and a structure for characterization of the possible use of CuxO as an insulating layer in these devices. Our device displays a resistive switching ratio greater than 30 between the high resistance and low resistance state at room temperature. The devices exhibit metallic behavior in the low resistance state and a semiconductor behavior is found in the initial and high resistance states as observed in temperature dependent resistance measurements. The resistive switching mechanism of the fabricated structures is explained by the formation and rupture of conductive filament paths.
In situ coupling of atomic force microscopy and sub-micrometer focused X-ray techniques
Authors: Cornelius Thomas W. , Ren Zhe , Mastropietro Francesca , Langlais Simon , Davydok Anton , Richard Marie-Ingrid , Dupraz Maxime , Verdier Marc , Beutier Guillaume , Boesecke Peter , Thomas Olivier
Published: October 2014

A scanning force microscope for in situ nanofocused X-ray studies (SFINX) has been developed which can be installed on diffractometers at synchrotron beamlines allowing for the combination with various techniques such as coherent X-ray diffraction and fluorescence. The capabilities of this device are demonstrated on Cu nanowires and on Au islands grown on sapphire (0001). The sample topography, crystallinity, and elemental distribution of the same area are investigated by recording simultaneously an AFM image, a scanning X-ray diffraction map, and a fluorescence map. Additionally, the mechanical response of Au islands is studied by in situ indentation tests employing the AFM-tip and recording 2D X-ray diffraction patterns during mechanical loading.
Personalidade: estudo comparativo entre dois instrumentos de avaliação
Authors: Nakano Tatiana de Cássia
Published: October 2014

Com o objetivo de verificar convergências entre dois modelos de avaliação da personalidade, a Escala Fatorial de Socialização e o Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade foram aplicados em 71 participantes (43 femininos/28 masculinos) com idades entre 18 e 31 anos (M = 21,11 anos, DP = 4,28), escolaridade correspondente ao Ensino Médio (n = 28) e Ensino Superior (n = 43). Os resultados demonstraram que o fator 1 da Escala Fatorial de Socialização, Amabilidade, correlacionou-se significativamente e de forma positiva com oito necessidades avaliadas pelo Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade (Assistência, Intracepção, Afago, Deferência, Afiliação, Ordem, Persistência e Mudança). Os demais fatores (Pró-Sociabilidade e Confiança) não se relacionaram significativamente com nenhuma das necessidades avaliadas pelo Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade. Diferenças significativas devido ao sexo foram encontradas em relação às necessidades de intracepção, deferência e autonomia no Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade e amabilidade na Escala Fatorial de Socialização, e nenhuma diferença foi encontrada em relação à idade. Estudos que avaliem os demais fatores do Modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade são recomendados, assim como maior amplitude etária da amostra.
Relação entre bullying e sintomas depressivos em estudantes do ensino fundamental
Authors: Forlim Bruna Garcia , Stelko-Pereira Ana Carina , Williams Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
Published: October 2014

Considerável atenção da ciência vem sendo dada ao impacto negativo do bullying, contudo poucos estudos investigaram especificamente as consequências do bullying de acordo com os tipos de envolvimento (alvo, autor, alvo/autor). O presente estudo examinou a relação entre tipos de bullying e sintomas depressivos. Responderam a um questionário brasileiro sobre violência escolar (Escala de Violência Escolar - Versão Estudantes) 348 estudantes - 53,4% do sexo feminino - do 6º ao 9º ano, em média com 13,3 anos (DP = 1,3). Segundo regressão logística não linear, os alunos alvos e autores de bullying apresentaram 5 vezes mais chance de ter sintomas depressivos do que os outros estudantes. Sexo, idade, ter sido reprovado, ser exclusivamente vítima não foram variáveis significativas para predizer depressão quando consideradas conjuntamente. Esses resultados são similares a pesquisas internacionais que apontaram o fato de alvos/autores (simultaneamente) de bullying terem mais problemas emocionais do que alvos e autores. Enfatizam, também, a necessidade de pesquisas futuras considerarem a especificidade dos estudantes que são alvos/autores.
Desempenho operatório de crianças com queixas de desatenção e hiperatividade em jogos eletrônicos baseados em provas Piagetianas
Authors: Rossetti Claudia Broetto , Souza Maria Thereza Costa Coelho de , Röhrig Fabíola , Guimarães Queila Cássia Corrêa , Pylro Simone Chabudee , Bahiense Taisa Rodrigues Smarssaro
Published: October 2014

Realizou-se uma avaliação operatória em contexto virtual de 16 crianças entre sete e 10 anos com queixas de desatenção e hiperatividade por meio dos jogos eletrônicos "Zona Trash 3" e "Protocolos", construídos a partir de provas Piagetianas clássicas. Solicitou-se às pedagogas de uma escola pública que indicassem crianças com indícios de dificuldades de atenção e/ou hiperatividade. Os professores das crianças indicadas responderam à Escala de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, e foram incluídas como participantes da pesquisa apenas as crianças que obtiveram os maiores escores na referida escala. Quase a totalidade dos participantes conseguiu chegar ao final dos dois jogos. Observou-se maior dificuldade no jogo "Protocolos", que avalia a lógica combinatória e que, em geral, exige maior paciência e concentração dos participantes. Dessa maneira, os jogos de regras eletrônicos "Protocolos" e "Zona Trash 3" apresentam-se como bons instrumentos para a avaliação das noções operatórias de lógica combinatória e raciocínio espacial em crianças que apresentam indícios de transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade.
O sentido da maternidade e da infertilidade: um discurso singular
Authors: Lins Patrícia Gomes Accioly , Patti Elci Antonia de Macedo Ribeiro , Peron Antonio Cézar , Barbieri Valéria
Published: October 2014

A infertilidade é definida como ausência da concepção após 12 meses de atividade sexual sem uso de contraceptivos. Sua prevalência na população varia entre os diferentes países: entre um mínimo de 5% e um máximo de 30% de todos os casais. As técnicas empregadas para o tratamento da infertilidade são conhecidas como "reprodução assistida". A realização do presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar, nas mulheres entrevistadas, os aspectos inconscientes do desejo singular pela maternidade e a dificuldade do feminino em lidar com a impossibilidade de gerar um filho. A amostra foi composta por 200 mulheres que estavam sendo submetidas a tratamentos de reprodução humana assistida. Foram realizadas quatro entrevistas com cada participante, e os aspectos inconscientes foram analisados a partir de cada um dos discursos, que foram analisados e interpretados numa visão biopsicossocial, com ênfase, entretanto, no pensamento psicanalítico. A análise dos discursos foi realizada através da confrontação dos dados e supostos teóricos; a pesquisa segue, dessa maneira, uma metodologia quali-quantitativa.
A prática grupal e o discurso sobre a ética em documentos oficiais
Authors: Rasera Emerson Fernando , Oliveira Flavia Miranda , Jesus Mario José Bertini Silva de
Published: October 2014

Os profissionais envolvidos na prática grupal enfrentam desafios éticos característicos do contexto grupal. Buscando contribuir para a reflexão sobre o discurso ético nas práticas grupais, esse artigo tem por objetivo compreender de que forma as normatizações éticas de organizações voltadas à prática grupal descrevem e propõem a ética em grupo. Metodologicamente, realizamos uma análise crítica dos principais temas presentes nos documentos da American Group Psychotherapy Association, International Association for Group Psychotherapy and Group Processes e Association of Specialists in Group Work. A análise identificou: a) princípios de bioética principialista em todos os documentos; b) diferentes descrições de grupo, coordenador e participante; e c) ênfase ética no terapeuta como profissional, mais do que na prática grupal. A análise realizada sugere que os documentos buscam contribuir com a institucionalização da profissão e respondem a uma demanda social por responsabilização pela prática profissional.
Representação social da psicologia e do psicólogo na sala de espera de uma clínica-escola
Authors: Arend Mariane Iuva , Motta Roberta Fin
Published: October 2014

Este artigo aborda questões referentes à representação social da Psicologia e do psicólogo, especificamente, em relação aos usuários que se encontravam na sala de espera da clínica-escola do Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados como instrumento questionários que objetivam o conhecimento de opiniões, crenças, sentimentos, interesses e expectativas. Os questionários foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que há dificuldades em se estabelecerem diferenças entre a Psicologia e o psicólogo, descrevendo ambos como tendo uma função assistencialista, que ajuda e entende os problemas de ordem psicológica. Além disso, foi demonstrado o reconhecimento do trabalho realizado pelos estagiários de Psicologia, o que o evidencia como uma verdadeira prática de ensino-aprendizagem.
Feeding practices, healthcare and kinship during the first year of life
Authors: Bustamante Vania , McCallum Cecilia
Published: October 2014

This paper reports a study of how babies are fed during their first year of life as practiced by families living in a low-income neighborhood of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil and served by the state's Family Health Program. Two families were followed up over a year using the Bick method for the observation of mother-infant relationships. The results showed that although the families appreciated the recommendations of health professionals regarding the need to practice exclusive breastfeeding until the child reached six months, in practice during their first few weeks of life the babies were started on complementary food in addition to breast milk. The mothers made decisions regarding feeding the babies taking into consideration the following: The opinions of a selection of relatives; food availability; ideas about what is suitable for the developing baby; and finally, their observations of the child's responses. The results show that food is part of the mutually imbricated processes of the social construction of the person and the constitution of kinship ties. The conclusion reflects on the implications of these findings for health practices.
Package leaflets of the most consumed medicines in Portugal: safety and regulatory compliance issues. A descriptive study
Authors: Pires Carla , Vigário Marina , Cavaco Afonso
Published: October 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Package leaflets are necessary for safe use of medicines. The aims of the present study were: 1) to assess the compliance between the content of the package leaflets and the specifications of the pharmaceutical regulations; and 2) to identify potential safety issues for patients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Qualitative descriptive study, involving all the package leaflets of branded medicines from the three most consumed therapeutic groups in Portugal, analyzed in the Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon. METHODS: A checklist validated through an expert consensus process was used to gather the data. The content of each package leaflet in the sample was classified as compliant or non-compliant with compulsory regulatory issues (i.e. stated dosage and descriptions of adverse reactions) and optional regulatory issues (i.e. adverse reaction frequency, symptoms and procedures in cases of overdose). RESULTS: A total of 651 package leaflets were identified. Overall, the package leaflets were found to be compliant with the compulsory regulatory issues. However, the optional regulatory issues were only addressed in around half of the sample of package leaflets, which made it possible to identify some situations of potentially compromised drug safety. CONCLUSION: Ideally, the methodologies for package leaflet approval should be reviewed and optimized as a way of ensuring the inclusion of the minimum essential information for safe use of medicines.
Identification of care needs of patients with and without the use of a classification instrument
Authors: Perroca Marcia Galan , Jericó Marli de Carvalho , Paschoal Josi Vaz de Lima
Published: October 2014

Objective: To analyze the agreement and disagreement between the assessments by applying or not a patient classification instrument, and to investigate the association between the agreement and personal and professional characteristics of the evaluators. Method: This is a descriptive exploratory study. 105 patients were hospitalized in a teaching hospital in the state of Sao Paulo, using the kappa statistic (weighted) and the Bootstrap method. Results: The agreement between the assessments were: kw 0.87 (instrument x internal evaluator), kw 0.78 (instrument x external evaluator) and kw 0.76 (between evaluators) and the influence of some personal and professional characteristics. The assessments conducted through the use of an instrument contemplated a greater number of areas of care in relation to when the instrument was not applied. Conclusion: The use of this instrument is recommended in order to more effectively identify care needs of patients.
Measuring trauma severity using the 1998 and 2005 revisions of the Abbreviated Injury Scale
Authors: Lopes Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira , Whitaker Iveth Yamaguchi
Published: October 2014

Objetivo: Comparar a gravidade das lesões e do trauma mensurada pelas versões da Abbreviated Injury Scale 1998 e 2005 e verificar a mortalidade nos escores Injury Severity Score e New Injury Severity Score nas duas versões.Método: Estudo transversal e retrospectivo analisou lesões de pacientes de trauma, de três hospitais universitários do município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cada lesão foi codificada com Abbreviated Injury Scale 1998 e 2005. Os testes estatísticos aplicados foram Wilcoxon, McNemar-Bowker, Kappa e teste Z.Resultados: A comparação das duas versões resultou em discordância significante de escores em algumas regiões corpóreas. Com a versão 2005 os níveis de gravidade da lesão e do trauma foram significantemente reduzidos e a mortalidade foi mais elevada em escores mais baixos. Conclusão: Houve redução da gravidade da lesão e do trauma e alteração no percentual de mortalidade com o uso da Abbreviated Injury Scale 2005.
Governmental surveillance system of healthcare-associated infection in Brazil
Authors: Junior Cassimiro Nogueira , Padoveze Maria Clara , Lacerda Rúbia Aparecida
Published: October 2014

Objective: This study aimed to describe the structure of governmental surveillance systems for Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) in the Brazilian Southeastern and Southern States. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory study, with data collection by means of two-phases: characterization of the healthcare structure and of the HAI surveillance system. Results: The governmental teams for prevention and control of HAI in each State ranged from one to six members, having at least one nurse. All States implemented their own surveillance system. The information systems were classified into chain (n=2), circle (n=4) or wheel (n=1). Conclusion: Were identified differences in the structure and information flow from governmental surveillance systems, possibly limiting a nationwide standardization. The present study points to the need for establishing minimum requirements in public policies, in order to guide the development of HAI surveillance systems.
Procedures’ costs related to outpatient chemotherapy treatment of women suffering from breast cancer
Authors: Nobrega Caroline Rife , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: October 2014

To identify the direct cost of procedures related to an outpatient chemotherapy treatment for women with breast cancer. Method: This is a quantitative research, using the case study methodology, performed in an outpatient chemotherapy of a private hospital. The total cost was calculated by multiplying the time spent by professionals involved in therapeutic procedures, the unit cost of direct labor, adding to the cost of materials, drugs and solutions. For performing the calculations, we used the Brazilian currency (R$). Results: The average total cost per chemotherapy session corresponded to R$ 1,783.01 (100%), being R$ 1,671.66 (93,75%) spent with drugs, R$ 74,98 (4.21%) with materials, R$ 28.49 (1.60%) with labor and R$ 7.88 (0.44%) with solutions. Conclusion: The results may support discussions and decision making for the management of costs related to chemotherapy aimed at reducing expenses and eliminating waste without harm to the care provided.
Problematizing the multidisciplinary residency in oncology: a practical teaching protocol from the perspective of nurse residents
Authors: Melo Myllena Cândida de , Queluci Gisella de Carvalho , Gouvêa Mônica Villela
Published: October 2014

Objective: To investigate practical teaching of nurse residents in a multidisciplinary residency in oncology. Method: A qualitative descriptive study grounded in the problematization methodology and its steps, represented by the Maguerez Arch. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Potentiating and limiting elements of the residency guided the design of a practical teaching protocol from the perspective of residents, structured in three stages: Welcoming and ambience; Nursing care for problem situations; and, Evaluation process. Conclusion: Systematization of practical teaching promoted the autonomy of individuals and the approximation of teaching to reality, making residency less strenuous, stressful and distressing.
Causes for the underreporting of adverse drug events by health professionals: a systematic review
Authors: Varallo Fabiana Rossi , Guimarães Synara de Oliveira Paim , Abjaude Samir Antonio Rodrigues , Mastroianni Patricia de Carvalho
Published: October 2014

Objective: Identifying the main causes for underreporting of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) by health professionals. Method: A systematic review carried out in the following databases: LILACS, PAHO, SciELO, EMBASE and PubMed in the period between 1992 and 2012. Descriptors were used in the search for articles, and the identified causes of underreporting were analyzed according to the classification of Inman. Results: In total, were identified 149 articles, among which 29 were selected. Most studies were carried out in hospitals (24/29) for physicians (22/29), and pharmacists (10/29). The main causes related to underreporting were ignorance (24/29), insecurity (24/29) and indifference (23/29). Conclusion: The data show the eighth sin in underreporting, which is the lack of training in pharmacovigilance. Therefore, continuing education can increase adherence of professionals to the service and improve knowledge and communication of risks due to drug use.
A bibliometria na exploração de bases de dados: a importância da Lingüística
Authors: Mugnaini Rogério
Published: October 2014

A utilização das bases de dados para levantamento do estado da arte, procedimento necessário a qualquer pesquisador, exige dos mesmos a definição de estratégias para a recuperação eficaz da informação. A Bibliometria pode ser uma ferramenta útil neste processo, permitindo a filtragem de grandes quantidades de informação. Por se tratar de uma análise estatística de dados, a qualidade destes dados é de vital importância e o procedimento de indexação para representação da informação se torna essencial. Pretende-se aclarar a importância da Estatística, Lingüística e Indexação para a Ciência da Informação, focalizando alguns aspectos de suas relações e destacando a necessidade da utilização conjunta dessas disciplinas.
Revendo o debate quantidade-qualidade: tendências da pesquisa na Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
Authors: Oliveira Ely Francina Tannuri de
Published: October 2014

Este artigo apresenta algumas controvérsias sobre métodos qualitativos e quantitativos na ciência em geral e, mais especialmente, na Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Analisa a problemática dos dois métodos de modo a conhecer as bases do debate existente, e verifica quais têm sido as tendências da pesquisa na Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação quanto à escolha dos dois métodos.
Recuperação de informações em bases de dados: usos de tesauro
Authors: Souto Leonardo Fernandes
Published: October 2014

Uma das maiores dificuldades enfrentadas na obtenção de informações relevantes é quanto à filtragem de informações. Nesse sentido é bom destacar que o profissional da informação pode ser considerado como o primeiro filtro do sistema. O uso de instrumentos de linguagem documentária se faz necessário e contribui de forma substancial para o sucesso do serviço oferecido. Esse trabalho defende a necessidade de um profissional da informação, na contribuição ao gerenciamento de sistemas de recuperação da informação, e tem como foco, o uso de tesauros em bases de dados, analisando-os sobre dois aspectos: como uma ferramenta de trabalho do indexador e como um poderoso recurso facilitador para a busca de informações.