bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creating a strategy framework for investor real estate management
Authors: Autio Pauli , Pulkka Lauri , Junnila Seppo
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to introduce a framework that helps to identify strategic themes on which real estate investors form their strategies. A holistic approach to strategic management in real estate management has enjoyed popularity in corporate real estate research, while similar research has been lacking from the investor-based real estate management.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design consists of two main parts: 1) formulating propositions based on existing literature and 2) attempting to validate the propositions through a qualitative interview study with major real estate owners in Finland.

Findings

The main finding is that the current real estate investors reflect the transient nature of competitive advantages and assess their strategies accordingly. The companies consider the traditional profitability and revenue growth aspects of their business but also a more long-term future growth dimension. As an outcome, the investors base their strategies on eight strategic themes which are “Innovation”, “ESG”, “Marketing and sales”, “Financial management”, “Leasing management and tenant satisfaction”, “Competitive environment and portfolio management”, “Outsourcing and strategic partnerships” and “Cost and operation optimization”.

Research limitations/implications

This paper opens opportunities for future research concerning different strategies in real estate investment business and their impacts.

Practical implications

The presented framework provides support for real estate investors to create real estate management strategy or to evaluate their current strategy and to recognize operational actions and decisions that are relevant for their strategy.

Originality/value

This paper provides an extension to corporate real estate (CRE) literature by showing that the CRE theories are adaptable to real estate investment and provide value for their strategic management. This paper also contributes to real estate investment literature by providing a well-founded and empirically contested strategic management framework, the IREM framework, for identifying strategic themes on which real estate investors form their strategies.
Do diverse frontline employees make a difference in customers' self-concept and store attitude? The role of diversity in body size and ethnicity
Authors: Jones Domenique , Lim Heejin
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Addressing stigmatized identity threat cues customers experience, this study aimed to uncover the effects of frontline employees' ethnic and body-size diversity which lead to customer self-objectification and negative store attitude.

Design/methodology/approach

The researchers conducted two studies: Study 1 utilized a one-way ANOVA and a PROCESS mediation model to test the effect of Western beauty-ideal stereotypes on stigmatized identity threat and self-objectification. Study 2 utilized a 2 × 2 experimental design to examine the effects of body-size diversity and ethnic diversity on perceived warmth of sales associates and store attitude.

Findings

Results demonstrate that retail store environments which present Western beauty-ideal stereotypes among sales associates cultivate higher levels of stigmatized identity threat cues with their customers, which leads to self-objectification. Also, our findings demonstrated that a lack of ethnic and body-size diversity (i.e. thin and White) among sales associates decreased the perceived sales associate warmth and in turn lowered store attitude.

Research limitations/implications

Participants of the first study were limited by the White participants. The implications highlight the integral need for retailers to hire sales associates who fall outside the parameters of typical Western beauty standards because today's customers desire inclusive brands who do not discriminate based on ethnicity, body size and other characteristics.

Originality/value

This research utilized social identity theory to uncover the effect of retail sales associate stereotype on customer perception of employees, which has not to our knowledge been previously studied.
Does revealed comparative advantage matter in the gravity of FTAs?
Authors: Ahmed Arsalan , Nazeer Nazia , Zahid GulRukh , Nawaz Faisal
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study attempts to recognize the effects of the Pakistan–China free trade agreements (PCFTA) on promoting trade between the two economies.

Design/methodology/approach

Following the concept of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and free trade agreements, the study first identifies those commodities in which Pakistan and China have a robust RCA and then analyze the effect of PCFTA on the export value of those commodities for the bilateral trade between Pakistan and China. The study used the panel data in which more than the top 150 importers (j) have been selected for each case of Pakistan and China for the period of 2003–2015.

Findings

The study concludes that even with the higher convergence rate, the good RCA does not guarantee a positive effect of the free trade agreement on the commodities.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the existing literature by integrating RCA with the gravity model by adopting a sequential mode for Pakistan–China free trade agreement.
The sustainability of the international AML regime and the role of the FATF. The objectivity of the greylisting process of developing jurisdictions like Pakistan
Authors: Sultan Nasir , Mohamed Norazida , Said Jamaliah , Mohd Azroz
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore the perception of the compliance officers of the Pakistani financial sector towards the placement of Pakistan on the grey list by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this objective, the study adopted a qualitative methodology and conducted semi-structured interviews with different financial institutes and their regulators.

Findings

The study found that role of the FATF is lopsided and politically motivated towards Pakistan. Although Pakistan has loopholes like many other countries, its treatment in the FATF is irregular. Therefore, the decision of the greylisting is not purely based on technical compliance, but political preferences are the determinative aspect.

Originality/value

This study provides a holistic overview of the FATF greylisting mechanism and how Pakistan is treated. This might provide both the FATF and Pakistan to revisit their policies.
Impact of COVID-19 on reading behaviors and preferences: investigating high school students and parents with the 5E instructional model
Authors: Dai Cimei , Chiu Dickson K.W.
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This research explored how COVID-19 affects Shenzhen high school students' reading behavior and preference and their parents' attitudes toward reading during the lockdown.

Design/methodology/approach

This research adopted a qualitative approach to conduct one-on-one semi-structured interviews with parents of a boarding high school in Shenzhen, China. Thirteen parents were recruited through a purposeful sampling method, and NVivo12 software was used to analyze the results with a theme-based approach guided by the 5E instructional model.

Findings

The results revealed the effectiveness and problems of high school students' use of electronic resources and discovered changes in the reading behavior of high school students and their parents' attitudes during COVID-19.

Originality/value

There are few studies specifically on the reading behavior of boarding students from a parental view, especially in Asia. This research can fill the gaps in related research during COVID-19.
Does board diversity reduce the likelihood of financial distress in the presence of a powerful Chinese CEO?
Authors: Ali Shoukat , Rehman Ramiz ur , Aslam Shoaib , Khan Ismail , Murtaza Ghulam
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This paper empirically investigates the impact of board diversity in terms of demographic and cognitive dimensions on financial distress likelihood in an emerging Chinese market to explore whether the Chief Executive Officers' (CEOs) power moderates the relationship between board diversity and the probability of financial distress.

Design/methodology/approach

To test the hypothesized relationships, demographic diversity through gender, age and nationality, and cognitive diversity through education, expertise and tenure, are taken as independent variables to investigate their impact on the probability of financial distress measured by the Altman China Z score. Data is collected for 13,740 firm-year observations from 2009 to 2018. This study employs panel data regression under fixed effect assumptions. Further, to control the possible endogeneity issue, this study uses a two-step System Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) model as a robust check.

Findings

The results reveal that board diversity is positively associated with financial distress Z score, suggesting that diverse boards are helpful in reducing the likelihood of financial distress. Moreover, CEO power positively moderates this relationship. It means that board diversity, in the presence of powerful CEOs, is more effective in reducing financial distress likelihood by controlling the wrong financial decisions taken by top executives to reap personal benefits. Further, the robustness model confirms the relationship between board diversity and the probability of financial distress.

Originality/value

To the best of researchers' knowledge, this is one of the earliest studies to investigate board diversity by constructing demographic and cognitive board diversity indexes as a determinant of financial distress likelihood in China. Further, researchers found no study in the literature using CEO power as a contextual variable on the relationship between board diversity and financial distress.
Simple doable goals: a roadmap for multinationals to help achieve the UN’s sustainable development goals
Authors: Haritas Ishwar , Das Arindam
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to present an approach for business organizations, especially multinational enterprises (MNEs), to pivot their focus from the United Nations sustainable development goals (UN SDGs) to simple doable goals (SDoGs) so that the probability of impactful and sustainable outcomes increases significantly.

Design/methodology/approach

Through multilevel analyses, the paper identifies the current challenges in the firm-level implementation of the SDGs. Consequently, it synthesizes an integrated solution that can help MNEs create sustainable business models, contributing to realizing the SDGs.

Findings

The sporadic and chaotic adoption of SDGs and ambiguous outcomes reported by businesses are due to the following: SDG adoption choices are driven by the materiality effect; the differences between the UN-defined government targets and business-level targets, often chosen by businesses on their own, make an aggregation of performances infeasible; lack of validation of the firm-level reporting leads to “greenwashing”; focusing less on business model transformation and more on reporting hinders the achievement of true sustainability; and lack of coordination and integration in actionizing among stakeholders limits the holistic change that the SDGs are expected to bring to society. Based on the Prêt à faire – Gestalt matrix, the proposed framework shifts the organization’s focus to the fundamental aspects of the purpose, strategy and business sustainability, and demonstrates how the resultant SDoGs effectively contribute to the realization of the SDGs. The matrix in the framework classifies an MNE based on its overall organizational readiness to seize business opportunities and helps pursue a course of action toward true sustainability.

Originality/value

The guidelines from the proposed framework offer different strategic paths for the MNE to achieve parity, temporary advantage, and, finally, sustained competitive advantage. This transformative approach enables businesses to develop their roadmaps for achieving business sustainability and supporting the realization of the SDGs.
How Do We Write the History of Brexit?
Authors: Saunders Robert
Published: April 2023

The vote to leave the European Union in 2016 and the political crisis that followed offer obvious subjects for the political historian. Yet, the study of Brexit raises serious challenges for academic writing, concerning method, the political preferences of the historian and the implication of history as a discipline in the European debate. This article explores some of the dilemmas and opportunities confronting the historian of Brexit, focussing, in particular, on the challenges to be addressed, the utility of conventional political methods and the insights that might be drawn from allied fields. It argues for a greater emphasis on the imaginative resources on which the different campaigns could draw, urging greater attention to conventional wisdoms, languages of class, collective memory and the forging of cultural or exceptionalist identities.
A Demand Systems Approach to Understanding Medium‐Term Post‐Pandemic Consumption Trends
Authors: Vo Long Hai , Martinus Kirsten , Smith Brett
Published: April 2023

Recent research has documented the immediate negative impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on household and business consumption, but there is still limited investigation into the medium‐term effects in specific consumption categories. This paper addresses this gap using a vector autoregression analysis of a system of aggregated consumer final demand across Australia. We highlight the importance of studying a demand system, as opposed to investigating independent consumption categories, due to the interactive evolution of consumption during the pandemic. Modelling the paths of various consumption categories in response to shocks from one another, we find that, despite the large and abrupt shocks to consumption during the first two quarters of 2020, most categories reverted to pre‐COVID levels when restrictions were lifted. Importantly, transportation had the largest and most persistent decline. Overall, shocks to sectors other than food, alcohol and education were outside the counterfactual forecast confidence intervals estimated based on pre‐COVID information.
Conservation beyond boundaries: using animal movement networks in protected area assessment
Authors: Nightingale J. , Gill J. A. , Þórisson B. , Potts P. M. , Gunnarsson T. G. , Alves J. A.
Published: April 2023

Protected areas (PAs) are a core component of conservation policy and practice. However, many species for which they are designated are highly mobile, and may move among sites within and beyond PA boundaries. Environmental impacts on sites beyond those boundaries could thus impact the PA's protected populations, with the risk of adversely affecting its conservation objectives. Conservationists therefore urgently need tools to assess impacts on PAs and their populations of developments beyond their boundaries. We present a framework for using network analysis of observations of marked individuals to assess the protection footprint of PAs in the wider landscape and the impact footprint of developments within or neighboring PAs. We illustrate the use of this framework by assessing the impact of a current airport development proposal on a partially protected wetland, the Tagus estuary in Portugal, specifically by evaluating the extent of noise disturbance on the PA's population of Black‐tailed Godwits, a protected migratory wader species. By analyzing individual movements between sites and across seasons, we find disturbance impacts on up to 68.3% of individual Black‐tailed Godwits overall, greatly exceeding the estimates of 0.46–5.5% in the airport's Environmental Impact Assessments which derived from count data. We then compared the pre‐development network with simulated networks that represented two levels of site avoidance by removing sites predicted to receive noise in excess of two thresholds, 55 or 65 dB(A). Avoidance by Godwits of the potentially‐impacted sites is predicted to have a larger effect on network structure than removing the same number of sites at random, suggesting that an airport in the proposed location would operate as a barrier to connectivity in this wetland. We also highlight the role that network analyses of locations of marked individuals can play in assessing environmental impacts on protected sites and populations.
Bird and insect pollinators differ in specialization and potential pollination services along disturbance and resource gradients
Authors: Neu Alexander , Cooksley Huw , Esler Karen J. , Pauw Anton , Roets Francois , Schurr Frank M. , Schleuning Matthias
Published: April 2023

Combined studies of the communities and interaction networks of bird and insect pollinators are rare, especially along environmental gradients. Here, we determined how disturbance by fire and variation in sugar resources shape pollinator communities and interactions between plants and their pollinating insects and birds. We recorded insect and bird visits to 21 Protea species across 21 study sites and for 2 years in Fynbos ecosystems in the Western Cape, South Africa. We recorded morphological traits of all pollinator species (41 insect and nine bird species). For each site, we obtained estimates of the time since the last fire (range: 2–25 calendar years) and the Protea nectar sugar amount per hectare (range: 74–62 000 g/ha). We tested how post‐fire age and sugar amount influence the total interaction frequency, species richness and functional diversity of pollinator communities, as well as pollinator specialization (the effective number of plant partners) and potential pollination services (pollination service index) of insects and birds. We found little variation in the total interaction frequency, species richness and functional diversity of insect and bird pollinator communities, but insect species richness increased with post‐fire age. Pollinator specialization and potential pollination services of insects and birds varied differently along the environmental gradients. Bird pollinators visited fewer Protea species at sites with high sugar amount, while there was no such trend for insects. Potential pollination services of insect pollinators to Protea species decreased with increasing post‐fire age and resource amounts, whereas potential pollination services of birds remained constant along the environmental gradients. Despite little changes in pollinator communities, our analyses reveal that insect and bird pollinators differ in their specialization on Protea species and show distinct responses to disturbance and resource gradients. Our comparative study of bird and insect pollinators demonstrates that birds may be able to provide more stable pollination services than insects.
Postoperative pain perception and associated risk factors in children after continuous rotation versus reciprocating kinematics: A randomised prospective clinical trial
Authors: Elheeny Ahmad Abdel Hamid , Sermani Dania Ibrahem , Abdelmotelb Mahmoud Ahmed
Published: April 2023

To compare the postoperative pain of continuous rotation and reciprocating movements after pulpectomy of non‐vital primary molars and determine associated risk factors. 146 children aged 4–8 years with one primary molar indicated for pulpectomy were randomly assigned to two equal groups: those instrumented with continuous rotation motion (Hyflex EDM Coltene/Whaledent) and reciprocating motion (Reciproc R25 (VDW)). A 4‐point pain scale was used to assess postoperative pain frequencies, which were compared at different intervals using the Chi‐square test. Postoperative pain risk factors were determined using logistic regression analysis. There was no statistically significant difference between the follow‐ups. Gender, pulp status, and radiographic radiolucency increased the risk of postoperative pain incidence. Postoperative pain likelihood in children with chronic apical periodontitis was 8.72 times that of children with necrotic pulps. Postoperative pain after instrumentation with both kinematics was comparable. Postoperative pain incidence is increased by preoperative pulp condition, radiographic radiolucency, and gender.
Controlling nutritional status score in predicting International Society of Urological Pathology score upgrading and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Arslan Burak , Ekinci Suat , Avci Mustafa Asım , Ozalevli Mehmet , Bulut Berk , Kecebas Arif Burak , Kinik Abdullah Harun , Kardas Sina , Gonultas Serkan , Ozdemir Enver
Published: April 2023

Aim

The aim of our study was to assess the predictive value of controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score for the prognosis of prostate cancer.

Methods

A total of 257 patients’ characteristics, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) values, biopsy, and pathological specimen features were all recorded. The CONUT score was calculated for each patient from three blood parameters: total lymphocyte count (TLC), serum albumin, and cholesterol concentrations. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between the total CONUT score and the variables including age, body mass index, prostate volume, PSA, biopsy and pathological specimen features, and PSA‐recurrence free survival (PSA‐RFS) time. The Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test were used for PSA‐RFS analysis. Regression analyses were performed to assess the association between clinicopathological factors, the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) upgrading, and biochemical recurrence (BCR).

Results

Statistically significant differences were determined in pathologic ISUP grade, and total tumor volume between low and high CONUT score groups. Additionally, the high CONUT score group had a significantly higher BCR rate and lower PSA‐RFS when compared with the low CONUT score group. A strong positive correlation between total CONUT score and pathologic ISUP grade and a moderate negative correlation between total CONUT score and PSA‐RFS was determined. In multivariate analysis, a total CONUT score ≥2 had a statistically significant association with ISUP upgrading (odds ratio [OR] = 3.05) and BCR (3.52).

Conclusion

Preoperative CONUT score is an independent predictive factor for ISUP score upgrading and BCR in patients who undergo radical prostatectomy.
A Her‐Storical Biography and Finding Family History Through the Archives
Authors: Travis Kath Apma Penangke
Published: April 2023

Two hundred years of constant and deliberate disruption, dislocation and mistreatment of First Peoples has not just been experienced individually but collectively between generations and across communities. The legacy of discriminatory treatment continues for many First Peoples in archives where their stories are still locked in police files, exemption files, child welfare reports and in some instances privately owned records, meaning they are not always able to locate their story or own their identity. People whose family members were impacted by government policies (such as exemption) need to undertake extensive archival research in order to know their family history. This paper describes how the author combined auto‐ethnographic description of her personal experience of archival research with documentary evidence to create a personal and historical narrative. This narrative has been captured in a “her‐storical biography”, a cultural artefact meant for family. This paper argues that the First Nations re‐authoring of colonial narratives described here might work as a model for people looking for family her‐stories of exemption in the written archive.
Redefining radiocarpal fracture‐dislocations with injury specific management and a clinical classification system: a retrospective review
Authors: Bamal Rahul , Bindra Randy
Published: April 2023

Background

Unlike articular shear fractures of the distal radius, radiocarpal fracture‐dislocations defined as complete dislocation of the lunate from its articular facet of the radius are relatively uncommon. The management principles of these fractures have not been defined and there is no consensus on approach to management of these injuries. The aim of this study is to review our series of radiocarpal fracture‐dislocations and propose a radiographic classification to guide surgical management.

Methods

This study is reported based on STROBE guidelines. A total of 12 patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation. All the fracture‐dislocations were dorsal and satisfactory objective outcomes achieved were comparable to literature. Injury morphology‐specific management approach was used based on the size of dorsal lip fragment and the volar teardrop fragment attached to the short radiolunate ligament assessed by preoperative CT scans.

Results

All patients with known outcome (n = 10) went on to resume their prior occupation and hobbies that included high‐demand activities and manual labour at mean follow‐up of 27 weeks. Average wrist flexion was 43° and wrist extension was 41° while radial and ulnar deviation were 14° and 18° respectively. Average forearm pronation was 76° and supination was 64° at final follow‐up.

Conclusion

We describe four injury patterns of radiocarpal fracture‐dislocations based on preoperative CT scans that guide fixation. We believe that early recognition of radiocarpal fracture‐dislocations and appropriate management can yield satisfactory outcomes.
No impact of parental singing during the neonatal period on cognition in preterm‐born children at 2–3 years
Authors: Kostilainen Kaisamari , Hugoson Pernilla , Haavisto Anu , Partanen Eino , Mikkola Kaija , Huotilainen Minna , Pakarinen Satu , Furmark Catarina , Ådén Ulrika , Fellman Vineta
Published: April 2023

Aim

Studies examining the long‐term effects of neonatal music interventions on the cognition of children born preterm are scarce. We investigated whether a parental singing intervention before term age improves cognitive and language skills in preterm‐born children.

Methods

In this longitudinal, two‐country Singing Kangaroo, randomised controlled trial, 74 preterm infants were allocated to a singing intervention or control group. A certified music therapist supported parents of 48 infants in the intervention group to sing or hum during daily skin‐to‐skin care (Kangaroo care) from neonatal care until term age. Parents of 26 infants in the control group conducted standard Kangaroo care. At 2–3 years of corrected age, the cognitive and language skills were assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition.

Results

There were no significant differences in cognitive and language skills between the intervention and control groups at the follow‐up. No associations between the amount of singing and the cognitive and language scores were found.

Conclusion

Parental singing intervention during the neonatal period, previously shown to have some beneficial short‐term effects on auditory cortical response in preterm infants at term age, showed no significant long‐term effects on cognition or language at 2–3 years of corrected age.
Whole genome sequencing reveals two genetically distinct MRSA outbreaks among people who inject drugs and homeless people in Copenhagen
Authors: Bartels Mette Damkjær , Holm Mona Katrine Alberthe , Worning Peder , Stavad Bodil , Schneider Uffe Vest , Meiniche Heidi , Thiesen Henrik , Westh Henrik
Published: April 2023

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has greatly improved the detection of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission between people. We describe the transmission of two unique MRSA clones among homeless people in Copenhagen using WGS and core genome MLST (cgMLST). In 2014, an accumulation of MRSA bacteremia cases among homeless people admitted to our hospital was recognized, all having the rare MRSA spa t5147/ST88. The European Typology of Homelessness and Housing Exclusion (ETHOS) categories revealed that people who inject drugs (PWID) frequently visiting the milieu but living in private accommodation accounted for most cases. Hoping to terminate the transmission, 161 homeless people were MRSA screened in 2015, but no additional cases were found. From 2009 to 2018, 60 patients with genomically related t5147/ST88 isolates were found, of these 70% were confirmed to come from the homeless setting and 17% had bacteremia. From 2017 to 2020, cgMLST revealed a smaller MRSA outbreak including 13 PWID with a completely different clone, t1476/ST8, of which 15% had bacteremia. Our study confirms that WGS and cgMLST is excellent to reveal MRSA outbreaks. The ETHOS categorization can be useful to find the primary source of spread in the homeless community.
What is hidden in the luggage? First assessments of illegal seashells gathering inSardinia (Italy)
Authors: Coppa Stefania , Camedda Andrea , Massaro Giorgio , Vencato Sara , Murru Franco , Pinna Maria Tiziana , Urrai Davide , Casula Antonio , Riccitelli Maurizio , de Lucia Giuseppe Andrea
Published: April 2023

Natural souvenirs collection has been identified as a driving force in biodiversity and habitat degradation of tropical marine ecosystems. This work considers this phenomenon in the Mediterranean region taking Sardinia (Italy), one of the most renowned tourism destinations, as a case study. The biological material seized at Cagliari‐Elmas Airport (years 2019–2020: 138 kg) was analyzed: 199 taxa were identified, gastropods (112 species, 7866 pieces) and bivalves (63 species, 34,218 pieces) resulted the most represented classes. Twenty‐two protected species were found in the tourists' luggage includingPatella ferrugineaandPinna nobilis, the invertebrates most threatened with extinction in the Mediterranean Sea. This study demonstrates that the illegal collection of natural mementos is common in Sardinia, thus its relevance is not limited to tropical regions. Regulation, enforcement and compliance shortcomings emerged, highlighting the importance of strengthening stakeholders' collaboration for a deeper insight on this phenomenon and implementing effective conservation strategies.
Simultaneous heart‐kidney transplant in patients with borderline estimated glomerular filtration rate without dialysis dependency
Authors: Chen Qiudong , Malas Jad , Gianaris Kevin , Esmailian Gabriel , Emerson Dominic , Megna Dominick , Catarino Pedro , Czer Lawrence , Bowdish Michael E. , Chikwe Joanna , Patel Jignesh , Kobashigawa Jon , Esmailian Fardad
Published: April 2023

Background

Appropriate patient selection for simultaneous heart‐kidney transplantation (sHK) in patients with moderate renal dysfunction remains challenging.

Methods

From the United Network for Organ Sharing database (2003–2020), we identified 5678 adults with an estimated pre‐transplant glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 30 and 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 and no pre‐transplant dialysis. Patients undergoing sHK (n = 293) were compared with those undergoing heart transplantation alone (n = 5385) using 1:3 propensity score matching.

Results

The sHK utilization rate increased from 1.8% in 2003 to 12.2% in 2020 (p < .001). After matching, 1 and 5‐year survival was 87.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.3–91.0) and 80.0% (95% CI 74.2–84.6) after sHK, and 87.3% (95% CI 85.2–89.1) and 71.8% (95% CI 68.4–74.9) after heart transplant alone (p = .04). In the subgroup analysis, sHK was associated with a 5‐year survival benefit only in patients with 30 < eGFR ≤ 35 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = .05) but not in those with 35 < eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = .45). Patients who underwent heart transplants alone also had a higher incidence of becoming chronic dialysis‐dependent after transplant within 5‐year follow‐up (10.2%, 95% CI 8.0–12.6 vs. 3.8%, 95% CI 1.7–7.1, p = .004). The 5‐year incidence of subsequent kidney waitlisting and transplants after heart transplants alone was 5.6% and 1.9%, respectively.

Conclusion

Among propensity‐matched patients without pre‐transplant dialysis, compared to heart transplants alone, sHK had improved 5‐year survival in those with 30 < eGFR ≤ 35 but not in those with 35 < eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2. One‐year survival was similar irrespective of eGFR. Receiving a kidney after a heart transplant alone is rare under the current allocation system.
Invisible hurdles: Gender and institutional differences in the evaluation of economics papers
Authors: Ersoy Fulya Y. , Pate Jennifer
Published: April 2023

How might the visibility of an author's name and/or institutional affiliation allow bias to enter the evaluation of economics papers? We ask highly qualified journal editors to review abstracts of solo‐authored papers which differ along the dimensions of gender and institution of the author. We exogenously vary whether editors observe the name and/or institution of the author. We identify positive name visibility effects for female economists and positive institution visibility effects for economists at the top institutions. Our results suggest that male economists at top institutions benefit the most from non‐blind evaluations, followed by female economists (regardless of their institution).
Developing the genotype‐to‐phenotype relationship in evolutionary theory: A primer of developmental features
Authors: Snell‐Rood Emilie C. , Ehlman Sean M.
Published: April 2023

For decades, there have been repeated calls for more integration across evolutionary and developmental biology. However, critiques in the literature and recent funding initiatives suggest this integration remains incomplete. We suggest one way forward is to consider how we elaborate the most basic concept of development, the relationship between genotype and phenotype, in traditional models of evolutionary processes. For some questions, when more complex features of development are accounted for, predictions of evolutionary processes shift. We present a primer on concepts of development to clarify confusion in the literature and fuel new questions and approaches. The basic features of development involve expanding a base model of genotype‐to‐phenotype to include the genome, space, and time. A layer of complexity is added by incorporating developmental systems, including signal‐response systems and networks of interactions. The developmental emergence of function, which captures developmental feedbacks and phenotypic performance, offers further model elaborations that explicitly link fitness with developmental systems. Finally, developmental features such as plasticity and developmental niche construction conceptualize the link between a developing phenotype and the external environment, allowing for a fuller inclusion of ecology in evolutionary models. Incorporating aspects of developmental complexity into evolutionary models also accommodates a more pluralistic focus on the causal importance of developmental systems, individual organisms, or agents in generating evolutionary patterns. Thus, by laying out existing concepts of development, and considering how they are used across different fields, we can gain clarity in existing debates around the extended evolutionary synthesis and pursue new directions in evolutionary developmental biology. Finally, we consider how nesting developmental features in traditional models of evolution can highlight areas of evolutionary biology that need more theoretical attention.
Biodiversity mitigates trade‐offs among species functional traits underpinning multiple ecosystem services
Authors: Waldén Emelie , Queiroz Cibele , Plue Jan , Lindborg Regina
Published: April 2023

Biodiversity loss and its effects on humanity is of major global concern. While a growing body of literature confirms positive relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecological functions, the links between biodiversity, ecological functions and multiple ecosystem services is yet unclear. Studies of biodiversity–functionality relationships are mainly based on computer simulations or controlled field experiments using only few species. Here, we use a trait‐based approach to integrate plant functions into an ecosystem service assessment to address impacts of restoration on species‐rich grasslands over time. We found trade‐offs among functions and services when analysing contributions from individual species. At the community level, these trade‐offs disappeared for almost all services with time since restoration as an effect of increased species diversity and more evenly distributed species. Restoration to enhance biodiversity also in species‐rich communities is therefore essential to secure higher functional redundancy towards disturbances and sustainable provision of multiple ecosystem services over time.
The business of biodiversity – What is needed for biodiversity markets to work
Authors: Lindenmayer David , Scheele Ben C. , Young Michelle , Vardon Michael
Published: April 2023

There has been considerable discussion in Australia about market‐based initiatives with the potential to bring effective incentives and greater investment for farmers and other land managers to promote biodiversity conservation. These initiatives include biodiversity trading markets (also termed the nature repair market), stewardship schemes, certification programmes, sustainability frameworks, and natural capital accounting. We welcome these discussions and believe these initiatives would be true advances if they bring much greater investment in conservation and stronger protection and recovery of biodiversity. However, we also have major concerns about the integrity and scientific credibility of some of these initiatives. In this article, we discuss why it is critical that such initiatives both carefully define biodiversity and determine what elements of biodiversity are to be targeted in conservation efforts. We also discuss the fundamental importance of appropriate and agreed biodiversity metrics, as well as the critical need for rigorous, well designed and independent biodiversity monitoring. To ensure that initiatives like biodiversity trading markets, stewardship schemes, certification programmes, sustainability frameworks and natural capital accounting are rigorous, non‐corruptible and actually deliver what they are intended to do, they will need to be underpinned by appropriate programme designs. This includes robust and transparent governance structures, high‐quality monitoring and timely reporting of key metrics.
Toward Gender Justice
Authors: Nadar Sarojini , Ueti Paulo , Jodamus Johnathan
Published: April 2023

This article reflects on our experiences of facilitating the Bible studies for the Just Community of Women and Men pre‐assembly gathering to the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches in August–September 2022. Working with the text of Acts 8:26‐40, commonly known as the baptism of an Ethiopian eunuch, the article reflects critically on our own facilitation as well as participant feedback from the workshop. It begins with a description of how the Bible studies were planned and developed, based on an adaptation of the contextual Bible study method. Thereafter, it reflects on how participants brought three aspects of the eunuch's identity – gender, race, and religion – to bear on the multiple and intersecting challenges faith communities experience in their various local contexts. The participants’ insights and the facilitation of the Bible study revealed the ongoing importance of embodied and lived experiences in the process of biblical interpretation. This article contributes to the ongoing reflections on the pedagogical and transformative underpinnings of contextual Bible study as a method of faith engagement in diverse ecumenical contexts.
Witnessing Together to Christ's Compassionate Love
Authors: Abuom Agnes
Published: April 2023

This is the text of the address on 31 August 2022 of the moderator of the central committee of the World Council of Churches (WCC) to the WCC's 11th Assembly, which took place in Karlsruhe, Germany, from 31 August to 8 September 2022.
Greeting of Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew to the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches
Authors: I Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew
Published: April 2023

This is the text of the greetings of His All‐Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew to the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches, meeting in Karlsruhe, Germany, from 31 August to 8 September 2022.
Message of Pope Francis to the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches
Authors: Francis Pope
Published: April 2023

This is the text of the message of greetings of His Holiness Pope Francis to the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches, meeting in Karlsruhe, Germany, from 21 August to 8 September 2022.
Youth Testimony at the Opening Prayer of the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches
Authors: Jacob Ann
Published: April 2023

This is the text of the youth testimony at the opening prayer of the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches on 31 August 2022.
Crystal structure of FadA2 thiolase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prediction of its substrate specificity and membrane‐anchoring properties
Authors: Singh Rashika , Kundu Prasun , Mishra Vipin Kumar , Singh Bina Kumari , Bhattacharyya Sudipta , Das Amit Kumar
Published: April 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of human death caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb can enter into a long‐lasting persistence where it can utilize fatty acids as the carbon source. Hence, fatty acid metabolism pathway enzymes are considered promising and pertinent mycobacterial drug targets. FadA2 (thiolase) is one of the enzymes involved in Mtb's fatty acid metabolism pathway. FadA2 deletion construct (ΔL136‐S150) was designed to produce soluble protein. The crystal structure of FadA2 (ΔL136‐S150) at 2.9 Å resolution was solved and analysed for membrane‐anchoring region. The four catalytic residues of FadA2 are Cys99, His341, His390 and Cys427, and they belong to four loops with characteristic sequence motifs, i.e., CxT, HEAF, GHP and CxA. FadA2 is the only thiolase of Mtb which belongs to the CHH category containing the HEAF motif. Analysing the substrate‐binding channel, it has been suggested that FadA2 is involved in the β‐oxidation pathway, i.e., the degradative pathway, as the long‐chain fatty acid can be accommodated in the channel. The catalysed reaction is favoured by the presence of two oxyanion holes, i.e., OAH1 and OAH2. OAH1 formation is unique in FadA2, formed by the NE2 of His390 present in the GHP motif and NE2 of His341 present in the HEAF motif, whereas OAH2 formation is similar to CNH category thiolase. Sequence and structural comparison with the human trifunctional enzyme (HsTFE‐β) suggests the membrane‐anchoring region in FadA2. Molecular dynamics simulations of FadA2 with a membrane containing POPE lipid were conducted to understand the role of a long insertion sequence of FadA2 in membrane anchoring.
Phytoplankton life strategies, phenological shifts and climate change in the North Atlantic Ocean from 1850 to 2100
Authors: Kléparski Loïck , Beaugrand Grégory , Edwards Martin , Ostle Clare
Published: April 2023

Significant phenological shifts induced by climate change are projected within the phytoplankton community. However, projections from current Earth System Models (ESMs) understandably rely on simplified community responses that do not consider evolutionary strategies manifested as various phenotypes and trait groups. Here, we use a species‐based modelling approach, combined with large‐scale plankton observations, to investigate past, contemporary and future phenological shifts in diatoms (grouped by their morphological traits) and dinoflagellates in three key areas of the North Atlantic Ocean (North Sea, North‐East Atlantic and Labrador Sea) from 1850 to 2100. Our study reveals that the three phytoplanktonic groups exhibit coherent and different shifts in phenology and abundance throughout the North Atlantic Ocean. The seasonal duration of large flattened (i.e. oblate) diatoms is predicted to shrink and their abundance to decline, whereas the phenology of slow‐sinking elongated (i.e. prolate) diatoms and of dinoflagellates is expected to expand and their abundance to rise, which may alter carbon export in this important sink region. The increase in prolates and dinoflagellates, two groups currently not considered in ESMs, may alleviate the negative influence of global climate change on oblates, which are responsible of massive peaks of biomass and carbon export in spring. We suggest that including prolates and dinoflagellates in models may improve our understanding of the influence of global climate change on the biological carbon cycle in the oceans.
Extramammary Paget disease of the buccal mucosa in an elderly patient
Authors: Xue Fei , Chen Xinming , Zhang Jiali , Yang Shaodong
Published: April 2023

Objective

To report a rare case of oral extramammary Paget disease in an elderly patient.

Background

Extramammary Paget disease is a rare cutaneous malignancy, and oral mucosa involvement is extremely rare.

Material and method

The patient was a 72‐year‐old man with a whitish plaque and areas of erosion on the right buccal mucosa.

Results

An incisional biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis was extramammary Paget disease.

Conclusion

Both clinicians and pathologists should be aware of this disease to avoid misdiagnoses with other oral benign or malignant lesions.
Building, negotiating and sustaining transnational social networks: Narratives of international students’ migration decisions in Canada
Authors: Robinson Oral , Somerville Kara , Walsworth Scott
Published: April 2023

International student migration (ISM) is one of the fastest growing categories of migrants in Canada. Drawing on the narratives of 30 international students at a Canadian university, this paper investigates international students’ decisions to study overseas and the roles of social networks in shaping mobility. We find that international students negotiate information while embedded in multiple social networks consisting of family, friends, ethnocultural and religious communities, and professional relations in origin and settlement countries. These social networks exceed typical knowledge and connection functions; they act as informal migration agents, providing transnational care and guidance, and ‘do’ family in ways that shape mobility decisions and settlement. The information provided through these networks, however, can be inaccurate or incomplete, requiring the strategic mobilization of new networks to support migration. We conclude that international student mobility relies on building transnational networks to support knowledge transfer, provide care and offer tangible supports. Furthermore, we argue that these fluctuating local and transnational social networks should be more fully recognized in the theorizing of ISM and in strategies implemented for supporting international students.
A review of homemade cosmetics based on a study of 150 blogs and their authors
Authors: Céline Couteau , Nidia Alvarez Rueda , Bérénice Breton , Laurence Coiffard
Published: April 2023

Do‐it‐yourself methods have been used in many fields (cooking, home improvement, decoration, gardening, etc.) for a long time, but their application to the cosmetics sector is relatively recent and seems to be linked to a number of health scandals. The objective of this work is to analyse homemade cosmetics based on a study of blogs and their authors. We made a study of 150 blogs advocating homemade cosmetics. With only one exception, the blog authors were women, mostly in their thirties, with no specific qualifications or knowledge in the fields of cosmetic formulation or chemistry. The most highly qualified of them (with at least a Master's degree) had studied marketing and management. So, the situation is an illustration of the Dunning‐Kruger effect, with authors believing themselves to be qualified in a field wholly outside their own. This leads to scientific falsehoods about, for example, preservatives like parabens and phenoxyethanol. On the contrary, the relevance of the ecological motivation frequently mentioned in these blogs is undeniable.