bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examples of good practice in rural tourism of the Russian Federation
Authors: Đurović Mladenka , Borković Milana , Tošić Teodora , Simić Aleksandra
Published: December 2022

Modern trends in the tourism market, especially at a time when the world is affected by an epidemic of global proportions, has conditioned the return to nature, healthy lifestyles, domestic products and the need for psychophysical rest. More and more tourists are opting for shorter trips and stays in rural areas, away from the crowds that are present in popular tourist destinations. The Russian Federation is an area with significant resources for the development of rural tourism. Today, a number of Russian regions, relying on the unique nature, rich cultural and material heritage, traditions of the rural population are successfully implementing projects in the field of rural tourism. Such regions include the Kaluga, Vologda and Yaroslavl regions, the Altai Republic, Buryatia and Khakassia, and many others. According to the latest research, the potential of rural tourism in Russia in the next 10-15 years can be estimated at 50 billion rubles. The aim of this paper is to point out the possibilities of improving and developing rural tourism in the region based on this example of good practice.
Choosing the procedure for repair of damaged arm at an unicate desk lamp
Authors: Karastojković Zoran , Stojiljković Dragan , Polić Suzana
Published: December 2022

Repair of any unicate artefact always requires the challenge and however demands for high level of knowledge & experience in this field, at the same level conservation works. Those demands are regarding not only on visual appearance, it is intended to stain unchainched other properties, even to question of strength, either it is an artistic piece, also the possibility of lowering the corrosion resistance, after the repair works have done. Here in details are analysed possible solutions for repairing of one broken arm when an unicate lamp unintentionaly is damaged. The used bulk material of the lamp is not available for using a kind of welding or soldering procedures, firstly that those methods will markably change the surface properties of the repaired zone. So, the repairing is provided by combining two methods: reinforcing with semi-hard aluminum wire and two component glue.
Binders for pressed products based on phosphogypsum waste
Authors: Dvorkin Leonid , Bordiuzhenko Oleh
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the issues of obtaining pressed building materials based on dihydrate phosphogypsum. Dihydrate phosphogypsum after mechanical activation in a ball mill acquires the ability to harden in pressed specimens. After activation of dihydrate phosphogypsum in a ball mill and its pressing at a pressure of 30 MPa, the strength of specimens increases by 6...8 times compared to non-activated specimens and reaches 25...30 MPa. There is found the influence of various chemical admixtures on binding properties of activated phosphogypsum and there are shown possibilities of water resistance improvement and increasing of other properties characterizing this material. There is studied an effect of aggregates on the building and technical properties of artificial stone made of phosphogypsum and peculiarities of its structure and change under the influence of different factors.
Mechanical characteristics of AL-1050 and Al-6061 alloys deformed using equal channel angular rolling process
Authors: Khaled Mohamed , Elkholy Ahmed , El-Abden Sami
Published: December 2022

One of the effective severe plastic deformations (SPD) techniques is Equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) process which can lead to proper ultra-fine grained (UFG) structures of material, the main objective of this work is to study the improvement in mechanical properties within 1050 and 6061 aluminum alloy sheets. There are more attempts to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of strips material, the influence of process parameters such as number of equal channel angular rolling passes, routes (A&C) and annealing temperature after each passes on deformation behavior of 6061 and 1050 Aluminum alloys were investigated experimentally .Results was indicated that for AL-6061 without annealing process at first pass it was the higher stress than the passes after annealing process and also the grains was fine in the first pass ,For AL-1050 it was indicated that with ambient temperature at six pass the mechanical properties was improved and its recorded the higher stress with more passes at six pass for rout C and also the fine grains of microstructure was obtained in the six pass with compared to the material with annealing process which becomes more ductility with more passes.
Experimental investigations on the workability of sustainable composite by recycling waste plastics and agro-waste
Authors: Soni Ashish , Kumar Das , Yusuf Mohammad , Ridha Syahrir
Published: December 2022

Widespread applications of raw materials in building construction with population generation have steadily increased the demand for fresh raw materials and provoked environmental pollution. Development of sustainable building materials by recycling various solid waste could be a viable approach to reduce the problems arising from generating solid waste besides providing an alternative raw material for building construction. The present study demonstrates the development of polymeric composite materials as floor tile using different waste plastics, includes lowdensity polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene as matrices with incorporation rice husk ash and sand as fillers. The workability of the developed materials was verified through experimental evaluations of physical, mechanical, and tribological properties. The minimum values of water absorption and abrasive wear were found to be 0.0397 % and 0.03267 (cm3 ) for the composites LDPE50PET20S30 and LD50S50, respectively. However, the composites HD50S50 resulted in an optimum mechanical strength with compressive strength and flexural strength of 46.2 and 6.24 (N/mm2 ), respectively. It was observed that the workability of the composites improves with the incorporation of sand particles. The scope of the present study relies on the development of methods and techniques for developing sustainable building materials through recycling of solid waste along with its characterization which provides an easy reference for solid waste processing towards sustainability.
The importance of intercultural communication in modern business
Authors: Bakić-Mirić Nataša , Janković Anita , Erkinovič-Gaipov Davronžon
Published: December 2022

One of the main goals of modern business is the promotion of contacts between cultures, which implies the need to know and understand other cultures. In today's globalized market, intercultural teamwork and collaboration are essential to business success. However, intercultural cooperation is not at all simple because many problems arise from the fact that communication is conditioned by knowledge of different cultures. Through Hofstede's and Tompenaars' models of cultural dimensions, this paper analyses the impact of culture on business intercultural communication as well as cultural differences that, although seemingly universal at first glance, actually differ greatly and thus affect the business. The rules of national culture play one of the crucial roles in creating an appropriate way of doing business. The most important thing for a businessperson is to recognize that the value system they have learned in their own culture is only part of what is called culture in the 21st century. Instead, they should focus on the differences that exist in other cultures that affect interpersonal relationships and international business, because by observing other cultures, one can learn a lot about one's own culture. As the business world becomes globally connected more than ever, being an active listener and a culturally competent interlocutor represent a solid base for effective intercultural communication in modern business.
Mileševa monastery: Analysis, defragmentation, and replication of the frescoes
Authors: Popović Bojan , Milosavljević Dejan , Marić-Stojanović Milica
Published: December 2022

In the course of two successive projects, the first in 2005 and the second in 2020, work on the fragments of frescoes in Mileševa resulted in the integration of five ensembles that could be reconstructed into the basic outline. In addition to this, certain ensembles were integrated that we cannot present in the same way either because we lack the knowledge about the complete appearance or because it is impossible to accurately determine the edge of the scene. As for individual figures, very likely from the first zone, a face from the 13th century was partly integrated and the figure of a monk from the 16th century. Of the inscriptions, two were partly established, the first which probably indicated the name Stefan, from the 16th century, and the other inscription in the circular field beside the Mother of God, containing the phrase 'of God' (Serb. B(o)žia), from the 16th or the 17th century. A right hand was partly integrated from the ensemble of a colossal figure, belonging to which were two fragments of an eye. We believe that this was a bust of Christ that was at the top of the Eastern wall of the narthex. Originating perhaps from the same ensemble is an ensemble of five integrated fragments, as well as two more smaller integrated ensembles, which could represent the lower part of Christ's body, in the scene of the Crucifixion. The red mineral mercury (cinnabarite) was used in addition to the earth pigments in the artist's palette, as well as ultramarine, lapis lazuli. The use of 24-karat gold leaf was confirmed on the fragment of a nimbus. Since pure gold was used only on the nimbuses in the narthex, and not gilded silver, clearly, this fragment was from the narthex, as we had assumed.
The specificity and the availability of the folk lullabies at the preschool educational and upbringing practice
Authors: Ilić Petar , Kovač Anđelka , Pavlović-Belojica Biljana
Published: December 2022

In this work we show the results of the research aimed at establishing the extent to which educators and parents of the preschool-age kids in Central Serbia and Kosovo and Metohija know the Serbian folk lullabies and use them to send kids to bed. The research results point to the exceptional educational effectiveness and meaning of the folk lullabies but also to their underutilization for both the family-wise and system-wise education and upbringing of the preschool-age kids. We found that the teachers and parents of the preschool-age kids do sometimes sing the traditional folk lullabies while sending kids to bed, can sing a few traditional folk lullabies, and are more aware of the contemporary lullabies instead. We learned that the teachers and the parents of the preschool-age kids do not know the traditional folk lullabies sufficiently enough and therefore do not use them accordingly within the practice, which was the initial hypothesis of the research. The teachers and the parents of the preschool-age kids are interested in learning about the traditional folk lullabies by taking part in the seminars, which would contribute to a greater presence of this type of content within educational and upbringing practice. The conclusion states the necessity for envisioned strategy to promote and familiarise the teachers and the parents with the traditional folk lullabies. There is a need for an instructional booklet containing the selected examples of the folk lullabies, for familiarizing the teachers and the parents with its historical and pedagogical value, and for training them to perform these lullabies. That way they would understand the constructive role the lullabies play at the upbringing, educating, and shaping the national identity.
Remembering contested legacies of the past or when the culture of remembrance gives way to the cancel culture
Authors: Božić-Marojević Milica
Published: December 2022

Everyday life is filled with numerous images of what has passed. All of them, although on different bases, leave a mark in time and thus become legacies of the past. Although we usually understand and accept this inherited corpus without a problem, sometimes we face certain inconveniences. For example, we would rather forget the heritage that remind us of colonialism and slavery, civil conflicts, wars, nuclear catastrophes. This paper searches for answers as to why certain contents from the past survive and others disappear, as well as when and why we decide to change their interpretation. Namely, the development of information technologies and new models of communication, in addition to many advantages, has contributed to the development of a perhaps not new, but certainly more striking culture of thinking. Based on condemnation, denial, harsh criticism without the possibility of adequate defence, the cancel culture is present in almost all spheres of everyday life. "Concern" for the culture of memory thus has reached a new level. Although the ban on specific forms of artistic expression has a long history, today we are witnessing the formation of movements that fight by all means for various types of censorship, and interestingly, they are no longer instructed by governing structures, but come from culture, science, and art. Justifying these actions with pedagogical reasons, correcting injustices, and caring for the culture of remembrance, unpleasant and politically incorrect contents are avoided, exhibitions are cancelled, monuments are occupied, modified, destroyed. The contribution of once famous artists and scientists is being revised and challenged. This raises a number of questions. What ideas inspire such iconoclastic actions? Who are the actors involved in these practices? When diversity became a problem, where did the dialogue go? What are the spatial, social and political implications of these transformations? In the circumstances of such rapid social changes and (re)interpretation, it is increasingly difficult to remain calm and objective even in science. The general chase, and sometimes the mass hysteria, help us to easily slip into revisionism. Instead of focusing on the possibilities that different values of the legacies of the past open to us, it seems that we are moving towards the fact that every heritage, sooner or later, will be disputable.
On the identity and character of Serbian interwar architecture (1918-1941)
Authors: Stefanović Tadija
Published: December 2022

This paper offers a presentation and interpretation of Serbian architecture between 1918 and 1941, whose creative span ranged between artistic-aesthetic and political-ideological utopias. Within this space numerous individual creators acted, authors of epochal achievements, as well as those creative forces that found their affirmation in social collectivism in the interwar architecture. The specific artistic character of this architecture was founded on striking stylistic contrasts, on its social function and on ideological factors, which formed the basis for an authentic cultural and artistic profile of Serbian interwar architecture. The aesthetic approach is based on the value parameters, spiritual constants, and social role of architecture, as its most characteristic features. Although disparate in both content and quality, Serbian interwar architecture reflects a unique and distinctive identity. Its varied characteristics were composed into the complex picture offered by the interwar architecture, as a credible indicator combining the prevailing features of Serbian interwar society, the builder's attitudes as well as tastes of the commissioners. The importance of interwar architecture derived from the process of character interpretation, which constructed the visual identity of interwar architecture through the mechanisms of art and culture.
Greek-Bulgarian dispute through the prism of Russian diplomacy: From the Exarchy to the schism (1870-1872)
Authors: Laković Maja
Published: December 2022

The compromise policy of the Russian government served Ignatiyev as a cover for his obvious favour to the Bulgarian side, with the goal of achieving not only church but also political independence of Bulgaria. During the Greek-Bulgarian religious conflict, the Russian ambassador had a high degree of freedom in his independent actions. The motives of all participants in the dispute corresponded more to a political than to an ecclesiastical struggle. He also considered the Proclamation of the Bulgarian Exarchy a personal triumph, which he interpreted as a victory for the Slavs in Turkey, while it was actually a victory for the Bulgarian side. The proclamation of the Bulgarian Exarchate, and not long after, the schism, permanently changed the relations between Russia and the Patriarchate of Constantinople.
Priest Anđelko Nešić (1870-1941): Narrative sketch for the portrait of a priest in Kosovo Vilayet
Authors: Jovanović Luka
Published: December 2022

The paper deals with the national activites of the Mitrovica priest Anđelko Nešić (1870-1941) during the last decades of the Ottoman Empire rule in Old Serbia. Although in the service of religion, his activity is primarly national, aimed at protecting the Serbian people and serving the interests of the Kingdom of Serbia in the Kosovo Vilayet. The paper covers the chronological period until the beginning of the First Balkan War in 1912.
Fish symbol and maritime motifs on late antique lamps from Central Balkans
Authors: Tešić-Radovanović Danijela
Published: December 2022

Elements of Christian visual culture appeared in various media in monumental and applied art during the late antique period, from painted decoration in the catacombs, through funerary monuments, to utilitarian objects such as jewellery and lamps. The paper analyses the symbolic meaning of fish and maritime motifs in the context of the late antique visual culture of the Mediterranean and their meaning within the Interpretatio Christiana, as well as the appearance of these motifs on late antique lamps. Ten lamps with maritime motifs or in the form of fish or dolphins are known from the territory of the Central Balkans. Elements of decoration are considered in relation to analogies, textual references, and the context of the finds.
Can the liberal concept of personal bankruptcy serve as a guide in regulating this institute in the Republic of Serbia and Republika Srpska?
Authors: Miljković Strahinja , Danilović Damjan
Published: December 2022

Unemployment, weak consumer power, inability to regularly service credit obligations (problem loans), and inability to settle other financial obligations may be the factors that lead a natural person (consumer) to insolvency. The institute of personal bankruptcy is an institute which provides an opportunity for a natural person (consumer) to be relieved from debts without falling into insolvency, at the cost of having his/her property subject to enforcement. The liberal model of personal bankruptcy is one of the modalities of personal bankruptcy that should be taken into consideration during future regulation. The liberal model of personal bankruptcy is characterized by an open approach, which ultimately leads to a complete discharge of debt. Debt relief is an essential feature of this model, which is based on the idea of providing a chance for a new financial start (fresh start), which puts the interest of the debtor-consumer in the foreground, and the risk is transferred to the creditor. The legal systems of the Republic of Serbia and Republika Srpska do not recognize the institute of personal bankruptcy. Establishing the normative framework of the institute of personal bankruptcy may be a challenge for the legislations of Serbia and Republika Srpska, especially because it is insufficiently considered in domestic legal theory and fairly unknown in judicial and legal practice. For the stated reasons, the authors will point out to the advantages and disadvantages of the liberal model of personal bankruptcy, focusing on why this model should be taken into consideration during the potential legal regulation of the institute of personal bankruptcy. In this way, the authors attempt to initiate a legal discussion about the necessity of the legal regulation of the institute of personal bankruptcy in the Republic of Serbia and Republika Srpska.
Challenges of higher education as a public service during the COVID-19 pandemic: Students' perspective
Authors: Bakota Boris , Dujmović-Bocka Jelena , Romić Danijela
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the authors present the key challenges encountered by the higher education as a public service during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper aims to examine the opinions of full-time and part-time students on the organization of the educational process during the pandemic. The key hypothesis set in this paper is that the observed higher education institution ensured an efficient educational process and maintained appropriate teacher-student relations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents in the survey were full-time and part-time students of the professional undergraduate administrative study programme at the Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, and the Administrative Department of the College of Applied Sciences Lavoslav Ružička in Vukovar. The survey results were expected to either prove or disprove the basic hypothesis. The research results were analyzed by applying the descriptive statistics method. The scientific contribution to administrative science is evident in the theoretical background for conducting the empirical research at the Faculty of Law in Osijek and the College of Applied Sciences in Vukovar, the analysis of major challenges encountered by teachers and students, the final conclusions and proposals for improving the organization of the educational process in future extraordinary circumstances.
Future things as an object of real rights
Authors: Živkovska Rodna , Pržeska Tina
Published: December 2022

The paper aims to answer the question whether the concept of " future things" is compatible with property relations by addressing the issues such as: future things as an object of real rights, future things as real securities, transfer of real rights on future things, and future things as an object of enforcement proceedings. The analysis provided in this paper shows the COVID-19 crisis has brought many repercussions, not only to the public health systems in Europe but also to the European economy that has sustained losses during the pandemic. In such dire conditions, certain Macedonian financial institutions (such as banks) have offered financial support to the government and have lobbied for some benefits in return. Unfortunately, the benefits that banks have lobbied for threaten the stability and consistency of the civil law system. The situation raises concern among scholars who have urged for the preservation of the civil law institutes so that the short-term legal solutions implemented in haste for the benefit of some entities (banks) will not cause irreparable long-term damage to the overall civil law system. The authors analyze the provisions of several Macedonian legislative acts that implement the concept of future things in some areas of property law, such as: the exercise of real rights on future things, future things as real securities, transfer of right on future things, and forced sale in enforcement proceedings. The main objective of the analysis is to demonstrate that regulating " future things" as an object of real rights is not sustainable due to the nature of these rights.
The application of the European Union fiscal rules in the COVID-19 pandemic crisis
Authors: Golubović Srđan
Published: December 2022

The paper examines the application of the European Union fiscal rules in the conditions of disturbances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Faced with a severe economic crisis, the European Union (EU) institutions for the first time activated a "general escape clause", which allows for temporary deviation from the budgetary requirements set by the Stability and Growth Pact in March 2020. The clause was introduced as part of the 2011 fiscal rules reform (six-pack) and it allows member states to temporarily derogate from fiscal constraints due to severe economic disruptions. By activating the clause, the member states have been left with sufficient room for maneuver to take expansive fiscal policy measures, which mitigate the consequences of the crisis but also negatively affect the budget balance. Although conceived as a temporary deviation of fiscal indicators from the set values, in practice there was an extensive application of the general clause, which de facto led to the suspension of EU fiscal rules. This was also influenced by the decision of the European Commission and the Council of the EU to withdraw from initiating proceedings against member states with excessive budget deficits, due to the seriousness of the crisis and uncertainty regarding the recovery. The experience with the application of fiscal rules during the Coronavirus pandemic crisis imposes the need to redefine the institutional framework of fiscal governance in the EU, which will ensure a stronger link between numerical constraints and fiscal policy objectives but also provide enough space and resources for intervention during severe economic downturn.
The legal regime of electronic media in the legal order of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Prica Miloš
Published: December 2022

Different legal regimes of public information in the Republic of Serbia and the differences between the existing media have not been sufficiently analyzed in legal literature. From the positive law perspective, media differ by the legal regime of their structural organisation, activities and control, as well as by public information activities they perform. The media are subjects of a territorial community which have a duty to communicate their program content in an objective, impartial and truthful manner. Consequently, all media (both commercial and non-commercial ones) primarily serve general and public interests. The only difference is the content of public interest in individual media. In the order of a legal state (Rechtsstaat), the greatest impact is attributed to electronic media, especially television stations with state-wide (national) coverage as media aimed at accomplishing special goals in the field of public information. TV stations with national coverage primarily aim to accomplish general interests. They are bound by the special content of the public interest and, thus, they have a significantly wider scope of duties than other televisions. Unfortunately, the current circumstances in the field of public information in the Republic of Serbia prove otherwise.
Climate change, emergency situations and the response of Serbia, Montenegro, and Croatia
Authors: Todić Dragoljub
Published: December 2022

The aim of the paper is to examine the relationship between climate change and emergency situations in the legal systems of three states: Serbia, Montenegro, and Croatia. The first part of the paper presents the attitudes of Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia towards climate change and emergency situations. The author analyzes the laws regulating the field of climate change (from the standpoint of potential relevance for emergency situations) and the laws regulating the field of emergency situations (from the standpoint of potential relevance for climate change). The second part of the paper points to the membership of Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia in relevant international agreements in the field of environment. The author discusses the position that the relationship between the climate change and emergency situations is not regulated in a comprehensive manner, and that this issue has been partially and inconsistently recognized in international law regulations. In that regard, there is room for a significant clarification on their correlations. The character of the links between climate change and emergency situations should be viewed in light of the development of international law and the specific features of the legal systems of the three countries, including their status within the EU integration process.
Study of welding of butt and fillet welds using the FSW method
Authors: Šibalić Nikola , Bajić Darko , Mumović Marko
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the unconventional FSW method has been increasingly used in industrial production, primarily for welding aluminium alloys or sheets of large length and thickness. Due to its specifics in relation to conventional methods, which primarily refer to rotating tools that have high productivity, i.e. service life, these methods allow us to obtain welded joints up to 1000 m in length with one tool. This procedure can also be used to obtain construction profiles such as "L" profile. In this paper, welding of a sheet of aluminium alloy 6082-T6 with a thickness of 7.8 mm is conducted with a butt and fillet welds, so that it is possible to perform a comparative analysis of welded joints. During the process, the components of the forces on the butt joint were measured in three normal directions (Fz, Fx, and Fy). FSW is an environmentally clean technology when compared to conventional processes because during the process the material does not melt, there are no harmful fumes, harmful radiation, light flash, no atmosphere of shielding gases or additional material, which characterizes all conventional processes. For the needs of this research, special auxiliary accessories were constructed and manufactured, as well as special shapes of conical tools.
Welding tehnology for steel P460NL2
Authors: Poser Maja , Runchev Dobre , Zdraveski Filip
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the development of welding technology for P460NL2 steel with a thickness of 30 mm. The technology was developed for the purpose of producing housings in which the device PIG-Pipeline Inspection/Intervention Gauge intended for testing and maintenance of pipelines is installed. In this particular case, the housings were intended for cleaning pipelines for the transport of acid-aggressive gases. The material was selected in accordance with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 and ASME BPVC IKS standards. The welding technology is made for butt joint, root pass with GMAW, and other layers filled with SAW. Preheating and heat treatment after welding were performed to restore the structure. Standard tests are conducted such as: metallography, hardness test, tensile test and toughness, and the results are presented and commented in this paper. In conclusion, the welding technology gives satisfactory results, but, in terms of meeting the specifics of the NACE MR0103 and MR0175 standards, it shows increased hardness in the transition zone, in the HAZ.
Evaluation of Posterior Tibial Slope for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear and Meniscal Tear: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Muthu Sathya Sabina , Shrikrishna U , Ravichandran Kayalvizhi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The Posterior Tibial Slope (PTS) is an angle formed by the tibial plateau and supports the biomechanics of the knee joint. This slope is found to be a factor in differentiating ACL tear injuries. Earlier studies have shown the association of PTS with Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears but have not evaluated the PTS values for different gradings. Aim: To evaluate the PTS on X-ray and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), for patients with different grades of ACL tears, and patients identified with meniscal tears. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2020 to March 2021 at the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, KS Hegde hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. A total of 30 patients were studied, in which 20 patients with ACL tears underwent both X-ray and MRI, while the 10 patients with meniscal tears were only subjected to MRI. The PTS was evaluated for different grades of ACL tears on X-ray and MRI by an experienced Radiologist. The number of patients with grade I, grade II, and grade III ACL tears were 7, 6 and 7, respectively. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the mean PTS for the identified grade of the ACL tear. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test was used to analyse the difference between grades of the ACL tear. Results: The mean age of the study population was 32.50±16.363 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 4:1. Both right, as well as the left knee, were included in the study, and the left-to-right knee ratio was 3:2. There was a significant difference in PTS between Grades of ACL tears (p-value-0.001). The PTS was observed to increase as the severity of the ACL injury increased.The mean PTS value obtained on x-ray for grade I, grade II, and grade III ACL tears were 10.85±0.54, 14.18±0.62, and 16.46±1.56, respectively. While the mean PTS value obtained on MRI for grade I, grade II,and grade III ACL tears were 10.85±0.53, 14.19±0.60, and 16.47±1.55, respectively. There was no significant difference in the PTS measured for ACL tears between the X-ray and MRI (p-value>0.05). Further, the results did not show any difference of significance in the PTS measured on MRI between ACL tears and meniscal tears (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: The PTS can be used as an aid in the identification of the severity of the ACL injury. The PTS could also be used as a tool to recognise the presence of ACL tears on X-ray and this could be an important prognostic factor towards the functional outcome.
Fish Lipids Functionality in Health and Disease
Authors: Lokuruka Michael N. I.
Published: December 2022

Aim: This literature review discusses the roles of fish lipids in health and disease.

Duration and Location: It was done between July 2021 and September 2022 by the author at the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Karatina University, Kenya.

Results: Adipocyte overabundance can result in cholesterol plaque deposition in arterial walls, which is a risk factor for diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cholesterol is required for many cellular processes and its availability in oligodendrocytes may be the limiting factor in brain maturation, myelination and neurotransmission. The ω-3 and 6 fatty acids regulate cholesterol metabolism, blood clotting and control inflammation. They are important for brain activity, structure and function, form nerve cell membranes, and insulate neurons. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), decosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and decosapentaenoic acid (DPA) are associated with reduced risk of CVD, cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death by reducing small, dense, low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles, which are more atherogenic and hence can shift some sdLDL to larger more buoyant LDL particles that are likely to reduce the risk of CVD. EPA is anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, reduces platelet aggregation, increases vasodilation and lowers plasma triglycerides. DHA is necessary for cognitive development and visual function, while DPA reduces platelet aggregation, improves lipid metabolism, reduces endothelial cell migration and improves resolution of chronic inflammation.

Conclusion: Regular intake of EPA and DHA is important for nursing or pregnant women, as a child needs DHA to form the brain and other parts of the nervous system up to about 2 years of age. While regular intake of the ω-3 FA seems beneficial for brain health and alleviation of major mental-depression, further research is needed to better understand their roles in brain health and in related dystrophies. Also, the roles of DPA vis-a-vis those of EPA and DHA require further investigation.
Cultural Knowledge of On-farm Tree Plantation in Rural Communities of Gurez Himalaya
Authors: Islam M. A. , Atta Ummar , Wani A. A. , Gatoo A. A. , Shah Murtaza , Sofi Khurshid A. , Bhat Bilal A.
Published: December 2022

People’s perceptions on cultural knowledge of on-farm tree plantation have become fundamental elements of sustainable forest resource management. The study examined the people’s knowledge on cultural practices of on-farm tree plantation and their socioeconomic determinants in rural communities of Gurez Himalaya. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select 337 households from 18 sample villages for field survey. Data were collected through personal interviews administering structured interview schedule and non-participant observations. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Results indicated that majority of the people were belonged to low socioeconomic status class as reflected by their household characteristics. Among the ten selected major cultural practices about on-farm tree plantation the ‘spot weeding’ (WMS, 2.87; priority percentage, 12.83%) was ranked 1st while ‘thinning’ (WMS= 1.31; priority percentage, 5.85%) was ranked 10th. Majority of the respondents (54.88%) had medium knowledge on cultural practices for on-farm tree plantation followed by high (23.78%) and low (21.34%) classes. Adoption of tree plantation, problem faced in tree cultivation, experience in tree cultivation, training exposure on tree cultivation and level of education had significant contribution on people’s knowledge on cultural practices about on-farm tree plantation. The findings suggested that the trainings on cultural practices about on-farm tree plantation is the crucial intervention for livelihood diversification, socioeconomic development and forest conservation; hence, need-based trainings must be planned and imparted to the individuals for improving the tree resource production, harvesting and marketing.
Promotion of Fish Production and Doubling Farmer’s Income among Scheduled Caste Fish Farmers in Assam, India
Authors: Das Kulen Chandra , Haldar R. S. , Sarma Debajit
Published: December 2022

Aquaculture plays an important role in supporting livelihoods worldwide and also forms an important source of diet for over one billion people. The inland fisheries are of particular importance to the rural poor accounting for about fifteen per cent of total global employment. Besides employment, it caters to the nutritional need of the rural poor. Being an agrarian economy, fish farming is one of the important livelihood activities in Assam. Though “Kaibartta” is the main fishing community in Assam the profession has been taken over by the immigrant Muslim people in various districts of the state. Nevertheless, Scheduled Caste people living in rural areas have their own ponds at the back of their houses and they culture fish for domestic consumption. It is observed that rural farmers lack exposure to scientific fish farming and this may be considered one of the obstacles to low production and productivity. Thus, looking into the huge potentiality of the sector and its associated problems, a small intervention in the form of capacity building of the fish farmers’ belonging to the Scheduled Caste and distribution of various fishery inputs was undertaken. Twenty percent of three villages belonging to Schedule Caste in the Nagaon district were selected randomly for the interventions to be administered. The paper analyses the process of implementation along with the outcome of the project on the sample households. The result shows that the intervention has augmented the knowledge base and skill of the SC farmers and thereby enhances household income and nutritional security in a sustainable manner.
Economic Analysis of Marketing and Storage of Onion Cultivation in Yamunanagar, Haryana
Authors: Usha . , Shivam . , Nimbrayan Parveen Kumar , Luhach V. P.
Published: December 2022

The current research was carried out in the Yamunanagar district of the state of Haryana due to the greater area of onions being grown there. In the study multi stage purposive sampling was used. The current research concluded that the cost of production per quintal in the studied region was ₹594.62. The major cost incurred on items included rental value of land (₹17365.20), fertilizers (₹3948.41), plant protection (₹1479.28) and seed cost (₹8753.73), respectively. The average yield of onion was 126.53 quintals per acre. The average variable cost was ₹45401. The gross return per acre was ₹165754.30 and net return was recorded ₹90515.90 per acre. While channel-I was observed that to have the greatest disposal of onion produce, channel-III was determined to be the most effective of the different marketing channels. It was shown that onion producers might increase their profits up to six months of storage before they began to lose money. After 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months in storage, the farmer earned ₹125.89, ₹176.52, and ₹210.53 per quintal, respectively.
Optimization of α-Amylase Production by Enterobacter cloacae Strain D1 Isolated from Cassava Effluent-impacted Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Ezebuiro V. , Obichi E. A. , Minimah S. O. , Ezebuiro N. C. , Akinido E.
Published: December 2022

Background: Production of amylase by Enterobacter cloacae D1 was optimized in this study using central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM).

Methodology: Effects of five numeric factors (pH, temperature, inoculum concentration, peptone and yeast extract) on the production of amylase were examined. Amylase production was first screened using plate technique and amylase assay thereafter carried out using the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) method. The CCD-RSM experimental set-up involved 30 runs with 5 levels of independent variables.

Results: The amylase-producing bacterium Enterobacter cloacae strain D1 was identified based on the phylogenetic tree analysis of its sequence. The sequence has been submitted to GenBank under the accession number: MZ477010. The isolate had 98% similarity to the GenBank match Enterobacter cloacae strain ATCC 13182. Optimum conditions that yielded maximum amylase (34.43 U/mL) were pH 5; temperature 40 ℃; inoculum concentration 3%; peptone 1.2% and yeast extract 0.5%.

Conclusion: This study has demonstrated efficient amylase production from Enterobacter cloacae strain D1 isolated from cassava effluent-impacted soil from Rumuosi, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. In addition, optimization of the critical factors of amylase production resulted in 3.4 fold increase in amylase activity. The enhancement of amylase production by the RSM techniques shows that amylase from this strain can be scaled-up for industrial application.
The Use of Bread Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in Increasing Growth, Disease Resistance, and as Immunostimulating for Various Kinds of Fish: A Review
Authors: Pratiwy Fittrie Meyllianawaty , Kharima Zhafira Putri
Published: December 2022

Apart from providing benefits to bread, Saccharomyces cerevisiae can provide benefits to fish by providing it as a probiotic, and immunostimulant can be used as a feed substitute. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can provide benefits to increase growth and disease resistance in cultivated fish, both consumption fish and ornamental fish. Therefore, this journal review will look at which treatments are suitable for utilizing baker's yeast which will later be given to fish. The materials used to review this journal are related reference sources. The method used in this journal review is a systematic, explicit and reproducible method for evaluating and identifying the results of a study that has been produced by previous researchers and then draws a conclusion from the best treatment. From the review results, the best dosage is to use 5 g/kg of baker's yeast.
Modelling Mother-To-Child HIV Transmission Rate in Nigeria Using a Lindley-Lomax Distribution
Authors: Agbor Blessing Uke , Abbas Umar Farouk , Hamma Sabo , Makmun Felix Kromtit , Jah Pam Douglas , Mark Tisloh Israel
Published: December 2022

In this research a new extension of the Lomax distribution known as Lindley-Lomax distribution has been proposed by adding a shape parameter to the Lomax distribution using the Lindley-G family of distributions. The proposed article considered and extensively studied some properties of the new distribution such as moments, moment generating function, the characteristics function, survival function, hazard function and the distribution of order statistics. A graphical study of the proposed distribution and the other related functions was also done in the article. Estimation of the parameters of the proposed distribution was also done using the method of maximum likelihood estimation. The performance of the Lindley-Lomax distribution has also been tested by an application to the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission.
Diagnostic Utility of Bedside Lung Ultrasonography in Neonates with Respiratory Distress
Authors: Gupta Ravi
Published: December 2022

Background: Lung Ultrasound (LUS) has recently become an important method for diagnostic examination and monitoring of lung disease. Many lung diseases, such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTNB), pneumonia were diagnosed by chest X-ray, but can now easily be diagnosed with LUS. LUS has many advantages over X-ray including accuracy, reliability, low cost, radiation free, simple investigation, do multiple times, results are obtained immediately.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate role of LUS in neonates with respiratory distress (RD) within 4 hours of life and to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive value of LUS for RDS and TTNB, using an external reader blinded to the clinical condition.

Design and Methods: Neonates born at a gestation from 28 weeks to 40 weeks born in the hospital and developing RD on first 4 hours of life were enrolled. The diagnosis based on clinico-radiological features as ascertained by the treating neonatologist was considered gold standard. Just before LUS, the RD was objectively scored using Modified Silverman Andersen score. X-ray and LUS were performed bed side within 4 hours of life. Images were captured and stored and interpreted by the Radiologist who was blinded to the neonate’s clinical condition. LUS were interpreted according to observational index included pleural A lines, B lines, Air bronchogram and Lung consolidation. Based on LUS findings, differentiation between RDS, TTNB, MAS and Pneumonia were made.

Results: 100 neonates were studied. 22 infants had a final diagnosis of RDS and 64 of TTNB. LUS showed a Sn of 100% and Sp of 89.7%, with a PPV of 73.3% and a NPV of 100 % for RDS, and a Sn of 82.8% and Sp of 100% with a PPV of 100% and a NPV of 76.6% for TTNB.

Conclusion: LUS is a reliable method to diagnose RDS and TTNB in newborns with RD with high sn and sp.
Evaluation of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) Cultivars for Growth, Flowering and Fruiting Behavior under Farmer’s Field Condition (Baadi) in Chhattisgarh Plain Region
Authors: Verma Gowardhan Kumar , Panigrahi H. K. , Sangeeta . , Lodhi Yugalkishor
Published: December 2022

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is one of the most important soft fruits belongs to the family Rosaceae. A research trial was conducted in farmer’s field condition (Baadi) at village-Bharregaon, (dist.-Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh) and the research farm of College of Horticulture and Research Station, Rajnandgaon (C.G.) during the winter spring season of the year 2017-18 to evaluate different strawberry cultivars for growth, flowering and fruiting behavior under farmer’s field condition (Baadi) in the plain region of Chhattisgarh. The experiment was conducted with two best performing strawberry cultivars namely Nabila and Camarosa replicated four times using student’s t-test. The results of the research trial revealed that the strawberry cv. Nabila recorded maximum vegetative growth i.e., plant height, number of leaves, plant spread, number of runners per plant and length of runners, while the minimum were recorded under the cultivar Camarosa. Earliest flowering, fruit setting and fruit ripening was exhibited under the cultivar Nabila, whereas the cultivar Camarosa had too late in flowering, fruit setting and ripening of the fruits under farmer’s field condition (Baadi).