bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
เทคนิคการก่อสร้างเพื่อปรับเปลี่ยนรูปทรงเจดีย์สมัยอยุธยาภายหลังการก่อสร้างแล้วเสร็จ
Authors: เลิศวิมลศักดิ์ สุวิทย์
Published: December 2024

เมืองพระนครศรีอยุธยา อดีตศูนย์กลางราชธานีแห่งกรุงศรีอยุธยา ปัจจุบันปรากฏหลักฐานการสร้างเจดีย์ในพื้นที่จำนวนมาก และมีพัฒนาการด้านรูปแบบที่หลากหลาย จากข้อมูลสถานภาพการศึกษาที่ผ่านมาเกี่ยวกับเจดีย์สมัยอยุธยาพบว่า ส่วนใหญ่มุ่งศึกษาด้านการกำหนดอายุเวลาเพื่อลำดับพัฒนาการรูปแบบเจดีย์ตามกระบวนการศึกษาด้านประวัติศาสตร์ศิลปะ แต่สำหรับเรื่องเทคนิคการก่อสร้างเพื่อปรับเปลี่ยนรูปแบบเจดีย์ อันเป็นกระบวนการศึกษาด้านประวัติศาสตร์สถาปัตยกรรมยังมีอยู่จำกัดมาก ทั้งที่ส่วนหนึ่งแล้วเป็นสาระสำคัญที่เป็นประโยชน์ต่อการวิเคราะห์การกำหนดอายุเวลาและลำดับพัฒนาการเจดีย์ เพื่อเติมเต็มช่องว่างทางวิชาการดังกล่าว บทความนี้จึงมีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อนำเสนอองค์ความรู้ด้านเทคนิคการปรับเปลี่ยนรูปทรงเจดีย์สมัยอยุธยาภายหลังการก่อสร้างแล้วเสร็จด้วยกระบวนการศึกษาทางประวัติศาสตร์สถาปัตยกรรมโดยเฉพาะมิติด้านเทคนิคการก่อสร้าง เพื่อแสดงให้เห็นรูปแบบต่าง ๆ ของการปรับเปลี่ยนรูปทรงเจดีย์จากหลักฐานที่ปรากฏ แต่ละรูปแบบมีเทคนิคการก่อสร้างเช่นใด และมีวัตถุประสงค์ของการปรับเปลี่ยนที่ส่งผลต่อองค์เจดีย์เดิมอย่างไร โดยมีเจดีย์สมัยอยุธยาในพื้นที่เกาะพระนครศรีอยุธยาและบริเวณใกล้เคียงเป็นตัวแบบกรณีศึกษา
ผลการศึกษาพบว่า โดยทั่วไปของการก่อสร้างเจดีย์สมัยอยุธยาในส่วนที่เกี่ยวกับรูปทรงและองค์ประกอบสถาปัตยกรรม เริ่มขึ้นจากการก่ออิฐขึ้นเป็นโกลนรูปทรงอย่างเป็นระเบียบก่อนฉาบปูนผนังและปั้นปูนประดับตกแต่ง ดังนั้นนิยามคำว่า “ภายหลังการก่อสร้างแล้วเสร็จ” ของบทความนี้จึงเริ่มพิจารณาจากการพบหลักฐานงานก่อสร้างที่มีเพิ่มภายหลังการก่อโกลนรูปทรงครั้งแรกสร้าง ซึ่งจากหลักฐานงานก่อสร้างบนองค์เจดีย์ในปัจจุบันร่วมกับเอกสารประวัติศาสตร์สมัยอยุธยาแสดงให้เห็นว่า การปรับเปลี่ยนรูปทรงเจดีย์ภายหลังการก่อสร้างแล้วเสร็จใช้เทคนิคเดียวกันกับกระบวนการก่อสร้างเจดีย์ทั้งในด้านวัสดุและระบบการก่อสร้าง กล่าวคือ ก่ออิฐหรือศิลาแลงด้วยระบบโครงสร้างกำแพงรับน้ำหนัก (Load Bearing Wall) และระบบโครงสร้างแบบสันเหลื่อม (Corbel) ซึ่งเป็นระบบโครงสร้างที่ได้รับความนิยมมากที่สุดตลอดสมัยอยุธยา โดยเจดีย์แต่ละองค์มีการปรับใช้เทคนิคการก่อสร้างที่ต่างกัน ขึ้นอยู่กับวัตถุประสงค์การปรับเปลี่ยนของเจดีย์องค์นั้น ๆ เช่น เพื่อปรับเปลี่ยนรูปแบบทางสถาปัตยกรรมหรือศิลปกรรม เพื่อแก้ปัญหาด้านสัดส่วนรูปทรง หรือเพื่อขยายองค์เจดีย์ให้ใหญ่ขึ้น
จากการสำรวจภาคสนามพบหลักฐานรูปแบบการปรับเปลี่ยนที่ต่างกันอย่างน้อย 4 ลักษณะ ได้แก่ 1) การซ่อมคืนสภาพเฉพาะส่วนที่พังทลาย 2) การก่ออิฐหุ้มชิดติดเจดีย์องค์เดิม 3) การสร้างเจดีย์องค์ใหม่ชนิดมีห้องเรือนธาตุครอบเจดีย์องค์เดิม และ 4) การปรับเปลี่ยนเฉพาะรูปแบบองค์ประกอบสถาปัตยกรรมและงานศิลปกรรมประเภทปูนปั้น ซึ่งจากการปรับเปลี่ยนข้างต้น ทำให้เกิดข้อสังเกตเกี่ยวกับผู้คนสมัยอยุธยาที่มีความเชื่อสัมพันธ์กับวัฒนธรรมพุทธศาสนาว่า การสร้างเจดีย์ถือเป็นการสร้างบุญดังปรากฏความสำคัญในมหาปรินิพพานสูตร และในมหากัสสปเถราปทาน ว่าด้วยผลแห่งการสร้างพุทธเจดีย์ ดังนั้นในทางตรงข้าม การทำลายเจดีย์จึงขัดต่อเจตนาดังกล่าวข้างต้น ซึ่งสอดคล้องกับหลักฐานการปรับเปลี่ยนรูปทรงเจดีย์ภายหลังการก่อสร้างแล้วเสร็จทุกองค์ที่เลือกใช้เฉพาะวิธีที่ส่งผลให้เจดีย์องค์เดิมมีความสมบูรณ์ มีความงาม หรือมีขนาดที่ใหญ่ขึ้นด้วยองค์ ความรู้เชิงช่างและด้วยฐานแห่งความศรัทธา
RETRATOS DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO A PARTIR DA AVALIAÇÃO DE FLUÊNCIA LEITORA: O CASO DE SANTARÉM NOVO - PA
Authors: Colins Fabio , Pompeu Chaves Dayce Kelly
Published: December 2024

A alfabetização das crianças tem sido motivo de preocupação. Diante disso, o governo federal, em regime de colaboração com os estados e municípios, tem investido em políticas de alfabetização. Contudo, os resultados indicaram que muitas crianças que terminam o segundo ano de escolarização não estão alfabetizadas plenamente. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o nível de fluência leitora dos estudantes do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública municipal de Santarém Novo - PA. Em termos metodológicos, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória a partir dos resultados da avaliação de fluência leitora fornecidos pelo Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora e pelo Ministério da Educação. Os dados foram referentes ao perfil de saída das crianças que concluíram os dois primeiros anos de escolarização. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos estudantes do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental são pré-leitores nível 4, ou seja, aqueles que leem somente palavras soltas. Portanto, conclui-se que ao monitorar a fluência leitora, é possível detectar dificuldades como problemas de decodificação, falta de automatização ou baixa consciência fonológica.
Harnessing the Power of Artificial Intelligence in Entrepreneurship: Augmentation, Innovation, and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Sheriefah Musyokha , Sain Steva Silfa
Published: December 2024

Objective: This research examines the transformative potential of AI in fostering entrepreneurial innovation, highlighting its augmentation capabilities, integration strategies, and the ethical concerns that are essential for sustainable development. This study is contextualized against the backdrop of the fast-changing entrepreneurial ecosystems in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), with AI applications redefining the business landscape.Methods: Quantitative metrics related to AI adoption were analyzed alongside qualitative insights from entrepreneurs and business owners. Using a sound theoretical base of innovation and technology adoption frameworks, they applied structural equation modeling to delineate the direct, indirect, and mediated relationships of AI use and entrepreneurial innovationResults: AI's influence on entrepreneurship is complex, shaped through various mediators, including operational efficiency, ethics, and innovative integration strategies. By building businesses around these dimensions, companies are able to both innovate and sustain competitive advantages in an increasingly digital world.Novelty: This research helps in filling the gap between theoretical understanding and the practical applications of AI in entrepreneurship. As the study focuses on the UAE, a territory which prides itself on being a global leader in AI-driven innovation, insights will be unique on leveraging emerging technologies ethically to drive entrepreneurial growth.Research Implications: The research highlights the critical role of intentional AI integration within academic settings and the necessity for ethical standards. It is an important reference for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and academics working to maximize the potential of AI for innovation and sustainable business practices
Female Bicultural Identity in Michelle Cliff's Novel Abeng: A Postcolonial Study
Authors: Alsakkaf Ghazal Mansoor , Mohammed Sameer
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the issue of the female identity crisis that appeared as a result of the intersection of two distinct cultures during the postcolonial era. To accomplish this objective, the renowned novel Abeng, authored by the American-Jamaican writer Michelle Cliff, has been chosen for analysis. The sample undergoes postcolonial analysis with a focus on biculturalism as a postcolonial phenomenon. The study is a descriptive one, which aims to qualitatively follow the behavior of the main protagonist in the novel "Abeng", Clare Savage. It attempts to determine to what extent her character can be considered an example of a woman who loses her identity as a result of the colonial legacy of bicultural identity. According to the analysis, Clare has become a victim of biculturalism. This means that she is constantly searching for her identity without being able to identify with any specific culture. Throughout the texts, Clare is portrayed as being lost, which leads her to embrace two different cultures and go with the flow.

Bu çalışma, postkolonyal dönemde iki farklı kültürün kesişmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan kadın kimliği krizini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşmak amacıyla Amerikalı-Jamaikalı yazar Michelle Cliff'in yazdığı ünlü roman Abeng analiz için seçilmiştir. Örneklem, postkolonyal bir olgu olarak iki kültürlülüğe odaklanan postkolonyal analize tabi tutuluyor. Çalışma, "Abeng" romanının baş kahramanı Clare Savage'ın davranışlarını niteliksel olarak takip etmeyi amaçlayan tanımlayıcı bir çalışmadır. Onun karakterinin, iki kültürlü kimliğin sömürge mirasının bir sonucu olarak kimliğini kaybeden bir kadına ne ölçüde örnek olarak görülebileceğini belirlemeye çalışıyor. Analize göre Clare iki kültürlülüğün kurbanı oldu. Bu onun herhangi bir kültürle özdeşleşemeden sürekli olarak kimliğini aradığı anlamına gelir. Metinler boyunca Clare'in kaybolmuş bir kişi olarak tasvir edilmesi onun iki farklı kültürü kucaklamasına ve akışına bırakmasına neden olur
Conor McPherson’s The Veil: The Haunting Reflection of the Past in Early Twenty-First-Century Ireland
Authors: Şimşek Tuğba
Published: December 2024

As an early twenty-first-century Gothic play, McPherson’s The Veil reflects the socio-economic problems and traumas of Ireland after the collapse of the Celtic Tiger economy. As indicated by the title and the prevalent mirror image within the play, the playwright holds up a mirror to the past and through a correlation between nineteenth-century and early twenty-first-century Ireland, he points out the everlasting impacts of postcolonial traumas in the present. In the play, the economic predicament of the landholders and the tenants functions as a microcosm of contemporary Ireland as the post-Celtic Tiger period brought back the problems of the past such as unemployment, dispossession and emigration. Moreover, during the early twenty-first century, the collapse of the Celtic Tiger economy created a haunted landscape replete with ghost estates while also producing zombie banks cannibalising the Irish society. In this regard, the impoverished and harsh conditions of nineteenth-century Ireland transforming people into zombified figures and the effects of economic decline in the early twenty-first century such as ghost estates and zombie banks are closely intertwined. The zombie figure signifies not only economic hardships but also the enduring legacy of colonialism in the present. At the intersection of the past and the present, McPherson presents an uncanny and zombified portrayal of contemporary Ireland. Accordingly, this article explores the traumatic echoes of Ireland’s revenant past in the aftermath of the dramatic economic crisis.
Penerapan problem based learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan higher order thinking skill (HOTS) mahasiswa melalui lesson study
Authors: Fahrurrozi  , Sri Supiyati  , Zoatul Wardi
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) pada mata kuliah sejarah matematika dengan menerapkan Problem Based Learning (PBL) melalui Lesson Study. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas menggunakan lesson study dengan 3 siklus dimana setiap siklus memiliki tahapan Plan-Do-See. Lesson Study dilakukan oleh Dosen Prodi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPA Universitas Hamzanwadi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 23 mahasiswa semester 3.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, model Problem Based Learning (PBL) melalui Lesson Study dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam melalui kegiatan pemecahan masalah, dimana dalam kegiatan tersebut mahasiswa dilatih menganalisis, mengevaluasi, dan berkomunikasi sehingga hasil belajar bisa meningkat dalam hal ini Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS).
Resolve Conflicts at Work Like a Pro
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: December 2024

This article explores proven techniques and best practices for resolving conflicts in the workplace, drawing on scholarly research and practical industry examples. It examines the dynamics of workplace conflict, highlighting common sources of disagreement, and outlines the five conflict-handling modes identified in the integrative model of conflict management. The research emphasizes the importance of cultivating an organizational culture that supports constructive conflict resolution, including developing emotional intelligence among employees and providing targeted training. It also explores leveraging technology and data-driven insights to enhance conflict resolution capabilities. Through real-world examples, the brief showcases best practices such as encouraging open communication, promoting active listening and empathy, facilitating collaborative problem-solving, and using data-driven insights to address conflicts proactively. By adopting a proactive, emotionally intelligent, and data-driven approach to conflict resolution, organizations can create a more collaborative, innovative, and fulfilling work environment.
Sociocultural and Digital Communication Challenges in AI Adoption for Classroom Communication: Insights from Nigerian Colleges of Education
Authors: Festus Olafare , Bamidele Emmanuel Ogunrinbokun
Published: December 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education offers transformative possibilities, particularly in enhancing classroom communication. However, its adoption remains uneven, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where sociocultural, linguistic, and infrastructural barriers persist. This study investigates the adoption of AI-mediated communication among academic staff at the Federal College of Education (Technical) Akoka, Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative survey data from 200 respondents with qualitative insights to explore the extent of adoption, challenges encountered, and sociocultural influences. Results indicate that while 19.2% of respondents extensively use AI tools, a significant portion faces challenges such as inadequate funding (42.3%), limited technical expertise (15.4%), and infrastructural deficiencies (25%). Moreover, sociolinguistic issues, including the mismatch between AI tools and local languages, hinder effective communication. Resistance to change, rooted in traditional teaching norms, further complicates adoption. The study contributes by highlighting the interplay between sociocultural norms and technological resistance, offering a multidisciplinary perspective on AI integration in education. Recommendations include targeted professional development, infrastructure improvements, and the creation of culturally adaptive AI tools. These findings provide a replicable framework for enhancing AI adoption in similar educational contexts globally. Future research should explore longitudinal impacts of AI integration on teaching outcomes and develop policies addressing ethical considerations in AI usage. This study underscores the critical need for inclusive and localized AI solutions to bridge the technological gap in education.
Ejercicios de fuerza en la autoimagen corporal de los adolescentes: revisión sistemática
Authors: Utreras Martínez Andrés Nicolas , Acosta Rosero Kevin David , Cofre Navarrete Wendy Aracely , Pineda Pinengla Juan Carlos
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Analizar cómo los ejercicios de fuerza impactan en la mejora la autoimagen de los adolescentes. Materiales y métodos: La metodología utilizada, fue congruente con la revisión sistemática basada en el protocolo PRISMA. Se partió de una búsqueda a profundidad en fuentes actualizadas relacionadas con el tema, apoyándonos en buscadores     académicos como: Latindex, Redalyc, Dialnet Scielo y Web of Science y Google Scholar. El proceso de selección de los documentos más relevantes, utilizando criterios de inclusión y exclusión, asociados a la actualidad de la información (fuentes fundamentalmente de los últimos 5 años 2019-2024). En este proceso el análisis bibliográfico, el método analítico sintético, y la triangulación por la fuente garantizaron las fases del estudio. Resultados: Se comprueba que el entrenamiento con ejercicios de fuerza se ubica fundamentalmente en la etapa del desarrollo físico general y específico para mejorar la autoimagen en los adolescentes, registrando despliegues de entrenamiento con una duración de tiempo variable, una intensidad y frecuencia de sesiones de entrenamiento Conclusiones: El ejercicio de fuerza se ubica fundamentalmente en la etapa de preparación especial y puede llegar hasta la etapa precompetitiva para desarrollar la potencia muscular, la fuerza explosiva y sus manifestaciones y la capacidad reactiva.
Los juegos cooperativos para el desarrollo de la psicomotricidad en niños de educación inicial: Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Sánchez Morales Estefani Alexandra , Oñate Carrera Soraya Nicole , Marcillo Cabrera Karen Lizeth , Calapiña Cruz Andrea Paola
Published: December 2024

El articulo tiene como Objetivo: sistematizar los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos de los juegos cooperativos para el desarrollo de la psicomotricidad en estudiantes de educación inicial. Materiales y métodos: El estudio de revisión sistemática estuvo construido bajo la metodología PRISMA, para la búsqueda sistemática de estudios científicos relacionados con el tema, se utilizó buscadores académicos reconocidos por su veracidad y su confiabilidad tales como: Latindex, SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, así como también buscadores académicos como Google Scholar y repositorios institucionales digitales. El proceso de selección de los documentos más relevantes, se utilizó criterios de inclusión y exclusión, asociados a la actualidad de la información (fuentes principalmente de los últimos 5 años 2020-2024). Fue así como en este proceso el análisis bibliográfico, el método de inducción y deducción, el método analítico sintético, la revisión de documentos y la triangulación de las fuentes seleccionadas nos garantizaron las fases de este estudio. Resultados: Los resultados de los estudios se examinaron de manera crítica, evaluando el propósito, el tipo de estudio y la perspectiva adoptada sobre el tema investigado siendo un total de 25 estudios. Conclusión: Los juegos cooperativos han demostrado ser una herramienta efectiva para mejorar las habilidades psicomotoras en niños de educación inicial.
Palabras clave: Juegos cooperativos, Psicomotricidad, Desarrollo psicomotriz y Educación inicial
La Motivación y su impacto en el Rendimiento Académico en los estudiantes universitarios: Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Vizcaíno Lucero Carlos Alberto , Celin Puetate Marlon Alexander , Imbacuan Pinchao Jefferson Daniel , Flores Dueñas Oswaldo Patricio
Published: December 2024

La motivación se ha reconocido como un factor determinante en el rendimiento académico de los universitarios, especialmente en el contexto de la educación superior. Objetivo: Analizar cómo la motivación impacta en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios. Metodología: Este estudio se basó en una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices de la metodología PRISMA, utilizando un análisis cuali-cuantitativo de datos y metadatos. Se emplearon diversos métodos y técnicas, incluyendo análisis, síntesis, inducción, deducción, revisión de documentos, estadística descriptiva y análisis bibliométrico y bibliográfico. La gestión de textos científicos se dividió en las etapas de identificación, selección, elegibilidad e inclusión. Se utilizaron bases de datos como Google Académico, Redalyc, Scielo, Latindex, Dialnet, Pubmed y repositorios digitales institucionales, empleando palabras clave como "Motivación", "Rendimiento Académico", "Motivación Intrínseca", "Motivación Extrínseca", "Motivación de logro" y "Universidad". Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, priorizando la actualidad de la información (últimos cuatro años, 2020-2023) y la correspondencia temática. Se realizó un análisis exhaustivo de los textos, considerando título, palabras clave, resumen, objetivo, principales hallazgos y conclusiones. Resultados: La mayor producción científica se concentró en el 2022, con un 60% de la muestra total. Además, se identificó una correlación positiva y significativa entre la motivación y el rendimiento académico. Las tres dimensiones de la motivación: la intrínseca, extrínseca y de logro están correlacionadas con el rendimiento académico. Conclusiones: La motivación es crucial para el rendimiento académico y fomentar la motivación intrínseca, extrínseca y de logro puede ser clave para mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
Evaluación de los impactos de la actividad Física regular en la calidad de vida del Adulto Mayor
Authors: Lopez Camalle Brayan Patricio , Robles Condoy Jordy Michael , Vaca Cargua Gabriela Alexandra
Published: December 2024

La actividad física (AF) representa una buena fuente de salud en lo físico como en lo psíquico, donde a edades avanzadas ayuda aumentar la fuerza muscular, el equilibrio, la coordinación etc. La AF constituye en el movimiento del cuerpo intencional, que se lo realiza con los músculos esqueléticos donde se produce el gasto energético (Ceballos, Bermúdez, & Medina, 2012). El objetivo del presente artículo se enfocará en como la actividad física aportara en la vida saludable de los adultos mayores y que actividades físicas pueden realizar Se empleará una búsqueda principalmente en el Google Académico, y en diferentes bases de datos como Dialnet, Scielo así como también en diferentes sitios de bases de datos de artículos y revistas para la recopilación de la información sobre la    actividad física en adultos mayores. Donde la actividad física para los adultos mayores es parte importante para una vida saludable donde tiene gran trascendencia en la sociedad, pues la práctica de alguna actividad física previene algunas enfermedades no trasmisibles, así como también puede ayudar de rehabilitación y de tratamiento.es por ello que se hace un análisis de la situación que conlleva la actividad física en edades avanzadas. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación nos indican que las AF recreativas que se realiza En adultos mayores influyen de forma positiva en la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas
Impacto del ejercicio aeróbico de alta intensidad sobre la composición corporal en personas con obesidad
Authors: Cañaveral Hernández Jairo Alexander , Caiquetan Simbaña Bryan Patricio , Elizalde Benalcázar Kevin Alexander , Flores Cerón Lenin Omar
Published: December 2024

Para el año 2030, el 20% de la población mundial serán adultos mayores, la mitad de los cuales serán obesos, lo que se convertirá en un grave problema de salud pública. Objetivo: de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto del ejercicio aeróbico de alta intensidad sobre la composición corporal en personas con obesidad o sobrepeso. Metodología: se realizaron búsquedas en los repositorios de Scopus y Science utilizando la declaración PRISMA en septiembre de 2023. Se realizaron publicadas en los últimos 5 años, incluidas las personas con sobrepeso u obesidad. Resultado: se dio a conocer un total de 25 artículos finales cumplieron todos los criterios de inclusión. Las investigaciones muestran que el ejercicio aeróbico de alta intensidad   como intervención única durante 8 a 12 semanas tiene un efecto positivo en las personas con sobrepeso u obesidad al reducir la grasa corporal, aumentar la masa muscular, mejorar la condición física y mejorar la calidad de vida. Conclusión: el ejercicio aeróbico de alta intensidad puede ser altamente efectivo para mejorar la composición corporal en personas con obesidad, ya que promueve una mayor quema de grasa y mejora la masa muscular. Además, este tipo de ejercicio contribuye a la reducción de la grasa visceral y a la mejora del metabolismo. Sin embargo, su implementación debe ser gradual y personalizada para evitar el riesgo de lesiones y garantizar la adherencia a largo plazo
Efectos de un sistema de indicadores físicos y técnicos para la selección de talentos en el Karate Do
Authors: Caicedo Caicedo Hugo David
Published: December 2024

La implementación de un sistema de indicadores físicos y técnicos para la selección de talentos en el Karate Do es fundamental para el desarrollo de este deporte. El estudio se centró en determinar la influencia de un sistema de indicadores físicos y técnicos para la selección de talentos deportivos en el Karate Do. La investigación asumió un enfoque mixto, con alcance experimental. La sistematización teórica permitió la delimitación de siete (7) indicadores físicos con una orientación general (IFOG), cuatro (4) indicadores físicos con una orientación especial (IFOE) y ocho (8) indicadores técnicos (ETEC), los que se evalúan mediante índice de esfuerzo máximo y escala Likert. En la fase diagnóstica y experimental, intervinieron 19 karatecas seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por criterios con edades entre 12 y 18 años, talentos deportivos de tres (3) clubes de Karate Do de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Se emplea la prueba, la medición y la estadística descriptiva e inferencial para comprobar el estado de los indicadores técnicos (8), (Escala Likert), y de dos (2) indicadores físicos (Fuerza de brazo y Fuerza de pierna, ubicándose preponderantemente en la escala“Poco Adecuado“ y “Muy Inadecuado”. Como resultado de la intervención (9 semanas), desarrollada mediante un sistema de planificación de cargas diluidas, se mejoran los resultados de los indicadores seleccionados del pre-test al post-test. Los resultados del Test de rangos de Wilcoxon, arrojó que p=0.000 (Hi), lo que indica que El sistema de indicadores físicos y técnicos mejora el desempeño de los talentos seleccionado para el Karate Do
První mezinárodní farmaceutická výstava ve Vídni 1883 a rakousko-uherská farmacie
Authors: Svatoš Ladislav
Published: December 2024

The First International Pharmaceutical Exhibition, held in Vienna 1883, and Austro-Hungarian pharmacy

The paper deals with the opportunity for Austro-Hungarian pharmacists to exhibit their discipline in the international dimension (though mainly German-speaking countries in the Central Europe – Germany and Austria) not only for the professional public but also to present in an organized way the state of pharmacy in Austria-Hungary. Attention is paid to pharmaceutical societies, important personalities, and companies.
České překlady Albrantova (Albrechtova) koňského lékařství
Authors: Černá Alena
Published: December 2024

Czech Translations of Albrant’s (Albrecht’s) Horse Medicine

We have several manuscripts and old prints coming down to us from the 15th–18th centuries concerning treatment of horse ailments. The Czech editions have their origins in a German treatise on horse medicine authored by the horse dealer and equerry Albrant (often named Albrecht in Czech texts). As the years went by, the text were transformed and enlarged. This article is supported by research into eight Czech editions of Albrant’s medicine. Drawing upon the 19th-century scholarly literature and ample quotes on horse medicine, it describes specific horse diseases and their treatment.
Valerian Magni (1586–1661) o vakuu
Authors: Nejeschleba Tomáš
Published: December 2024

Valeriano Magni (1586–1661) on the Void

In July 1647 Valeriano Magni published in Warsaw a description of his experiment proving the existence of vacuum. His treatise called “Demonstratio ocularis, loci sine locato, corporis successive moti in vacuo, luminis nulli corpori inhaerentis” provoked a huge polemic, not only with the opponents of the void but also concerning the authorship of the experiment. The article deals with the circumstances of Magni’s experiment and the polemics with both scholars attacking Magni from the point of Aristotelianism and French scientists who admitted the existence of the void but accused Magni of plagiarism, for experiments with vacuums had been performed by Torricelli and Pascal first. The attention is paid to the philosophical background of Magni’s experiments.
Turning “Province” to a “Centre”? Ambitions to Establish an Institutionalized Network of Slavic Scientists at the Turn of the 19th Century
Authors: Štrbáňová Soňa
Published: December 2024

Turning “Province” to a “Centre”? Ambitions to Establish an Institutionalized Network of Slavic Scientists at the Turn of the 19th Century

In the last two decades of the 19th century, the Czech scientific community made serious effort to strengthen its position not only within the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, but also outside its territory. An instrument of this endeavour was bringing together Slavic scientists with a vision of establishment a Slavic scientific community around a new centre – Prague. The programme of Slavic scientific cooperation, which was taking shape especially during the Prague conventions of the Czech naturalists and physicians in Prague 1880 to 1914, and the analogous Polish conventions (1869–1911), included establishing of pan-Slavic scientific journals, creating common Slavic scientific nomenclature, publishing terminological dictionaries and Slavic bibliographies, organizing regular pan-Slavic scientific congresses, exchange of Slavic students, and so on. In these efforts the Czech scientists (especially the physicians supported by economically and politically influential strata of the Czech population) played the role of a hegemon motivated by both scientific and political goals. The extensive programme of Slavic scientific integration never materialized as it did not correspond to political and social reality and the existing international tensions, but we may discuss it as a historical attempt of integrating the periphery and creating a new centre, in this case of “Slavic science”. The endeavor to launch an institutionalized cooperation of the Slavic scientists can also be discussed in terms of building a Slavic identity through formation of a Slavic scientific community, as well as a special case of nationalization of scientific knowledge as treated recently in the volume edited by M. Ash and J. Surman (see Note 1).
Recepce Darwinovy evoluční teorie v díle Johna Lubbocka (1834–1913) a Williama Crookese (1832–1919)
Authors: Pecháček Pavel
Published: December 2024

Reception of Darwin’s evolutionary theory in the work of John Lubbock (1834–1913) and William Crookes (1832–1919)

The purpose of this study is to show and describe the influence Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution had on general scientific worldview in the United Kingdom, using two scientists as example. The first is Darwin’s friend, a politician, banker, natural scientist and polymath, Sir John Lubbock (1834–1913), whose work is pervaded with the spirit of natural selection. Lubbock was probably the first to apply the principles of natural selection to humans. The second part of this study is dedicated to William Crookes, a physicist and chemist (1832–1919), who applied the theory natural selection to the origin and evolution of chemical elements.
Českojazyčná vydání knih Johna Lubbocka z přelomu 19. a 20. století a jeho korespondence s českými překladateli
Authors: Pecháček Pavel
Published: December 2024

Edition of John Lubbock’s books in Czech language at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and his correspondence with Czech translators

Sir John Lubbock was one of the most significant figures of the Victorian era. He became popular via his books, which were published in many editions and translated into various languages. Two of them were translated into Czech: Pleasures of Life and The Beauties of Nature and the Wonders of the World We Live In. The article at hand deals with the circumstances surrounding the process of translating both books and with the correspondence between John Lubbock and his Czech translators.
Nymburk lan. Several notes on the units of modern period
Authors: Pavlec Michal
Published: December 2024

Nymburk lan. Several notes on the units of modern period

In this paper, we study the differences between Prague and Bohemia cubit and differences between lan of Wenceslaus Hájek of Libočany and lan of the Nymburk Revenue Registry of 1542. An edition from Nymburk Revenue Registry of 1542 and Bohemian Chronicle by Wenceslaus Hájek of Libočany is appended.
COMPARISON OF ESTIMATED PROTEIN EXCRETION RATE WITH PROTEIN CREATININE RATIO IN RELATION TO 24 HOUR URINARY PROTEIN IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Shah Noman , Hussain Munir , Iqbal Bilal , Shafi Mohsin , Dawood Mirza M , Hussain Saman
Published: December 2024

Background
Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio (PCR) is used as an alternative to 24-hour urinary protein excretion. PCR has only one drawback that it cannot assess the nephrotic range proteinuria accurately. Estimated protein excretion rate can be an alternative to PCR in cases where PCR fails to detect high grade proteinuria.
Methods
It was an analytical cross sectional study.  Seventy five healthy subjects from both genders who were potential donors of renal transplant were selected by non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Urine samples for spot PCR were taken after patients were done with their 24-hours urine collection. Estimated Protein Excretion Rate (ePER) was calculated by using PCR and estimated Creatinine Excretion Rate (eCER) equation. Twenty four hour urinary protein, PCR and ePER were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs).  Spearman correlation was applied to assess the correlation among 24-hour urinary protein loss, PCR and ePER.
Results
Mean age of the subjects was 33.75 ± 13.75 years. On categorization of subjects for proteinuria, according to PCR, out of 75, 70 subjects were sub-nephrotic and 5 were nephrotic while according to 24-hour protein excretion, only 30 subjects were sub-nephrotic, 1 nephrotic and 44 were normal. On spearman correlation, PCR, ePER (males) and ePER (females) showed significant correlation (<.001) with 24 hour urinary protein.
Conclusion
The study could not prove that ePER is superior to PCR in relation to twenty four hour urinary protein. Both ePER and PCR can equally predict the proteinuria in relation to twenty four hour urinary protein loss.
THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY SUCCESS RATE AND TIME TO THROMBOLYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Ahmad Farooq , Ullah Ikram , Farhad Awais , Ahmad Waqas , Afridi Aimal khan , Rauf Muhammad Abdur
Published: December 2024

Objective: To determine the thrombolytic therapy success rate and time to thrombolysis in patients with ST-elevation Myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Material and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the cardiology department of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. All patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction 18 years and above presenting within twelve hours of symptom onset were enrolled. ECGs done before and 90 minutes after the administration of thrombolytic therapy were analyzed for ST-segment resolution (STR). The time of chest pain onset, the time to seek medical advice, and the start of thrombolytic therapy were recorded in addition to other information. Thrombolytic therapy was labeled Successful if there was STR of 50% and above with relief of chest pain. All the data was analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The total study population was 168 with a mean age of 57.67 ±11.99 years while the mean BMI was 26.3± 4.5. The mean time to thrombolytic therapy was 5.96±4.1 hours.  Door-to-needle time in minutes was 33.8± 9.77. There were 66% (n=107) males while 34% (n=55) patients were females.  Overall Thrombolytic success rate was 69.1% (n=112). Those thrombolysed within 6 hours of symptoms onset showed a higher success rate than those receiving Streptokinase late (p = 0.004). The age of the patient, gender, and cardiovascular risk factors did not affect thrombolytic success.
Conclusion. Thrombolytic therapy is an effective option for STEMI patients with a high success rate if administered earlier.
FREQUENCY OF UNDIAGNOSED HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE
Authors: Khattak Imran Qadir , Khan Hashmat Ullah , Khan Asif , Irfan Muhammad , Umer M , Khan Mubashir Qadar
Published: December 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and hypertension among stroke patients at Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar.Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, from May 2022 to November 2022. Each patient underwent a thorough physical examination, including two separate blood pressure readings taken 30 minutes apart using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Additionally, blood sugar levels were checked upon admission and subsequently measured for fasting blood sugar on consecutive days until discharge. Additionally, a detailed physical examination was conducted for all patients, and blood pressure was measured using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer on two separate occasions with a 30-minute interval. Information on undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and hypertension was recorded based on the operational definition and documented on a specially designed form.
Results: In this study a total of 126 patients were included or enrolled. Mean age of patients was 58.04+/-6.15 years. Most patients (77.8%) had an ischemic stroke, while 28.6% had hemorrhagic stroke. Mean blood pressure of patients was 180/90+/-15 mmHg and mean blood sugar was 210+/-12 mg/dl. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was found to be 28.6%, and undiagnosed hypertension was 19% among the stroke patients. Conclusion: Stroke patients exhibited a notable prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and diabetes Hence stroke patients should be screened for hypertension, a family history of diabetes mellitus, and for obesity
FREQUENCY OF IMMEDIATE COMPLICATIONS OF MENINGITIS IN PEDIATRIC POPULATION OF DISTRICT PESHAWAR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Naz Irum , Sherazi Farida , Mujtaba Muhammad , Afridi Rifayat Ullah , Ambareen Aneela , Iqbal Sahar
Published: December 2024

Objective: To find the frequency of immediate complications of meningitis in the pediatric population
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital in the district of Peshawar from 1st September 2022 to 31st August 2023. The sampling technique was a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The sample size was 197 which was calculated by using the EPI calculator. Patients with a diagnosis of meningitis as well as those who agreed to participate in our study were included. A suspected case of meningitis and those Parents who did not provide consent for their children were excluded from our research. A structured questionnaire was used which was filled out by the authors themselves after reviewing all those reports and examinations. For statistical analysis, we use SPSS v.20 was used.
Results: The total number of patients was 197. The mean age, weight, and occipital frontal circumference of our patient were 2.84±2.33 years, 13.06±7.65 kilograms, and 47.51±5.54 centimeters. Male were 107(54.3%) while female were 90(45.7%). 58.88% of the 197 cases of meningitis that were confirmed had an immediate complication which Hydrocephalus has been recorded as one of the most prevalent complications, accounting for 19.8%.
Conclusion: In our study Notably, the highest incidence of complications was observed among patients diagnosed with tuberculosis meningitis, as 90% of TBM developed complications. Among the complications assessed in our study, overall hydrocephalus emerged as the most frequently reported one.
FREQUENCY OF THE LIP PRINTS TYPE AMONG PASHTUN MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS OF JINNAH MEDICAL COLLEGE
Authors: Haq Anwar Ul , Ullah Ihsan , Haq Rizwan Ul , Bangash Nayella Nijat , Siddiqui Naheed , Ullah Faqir
Published: December 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency of lip print patterns of pashtun male and female students of Jinnah Medical College.
Background: Lip prints are valuable in forensic odontology for personal identification, particularly when other evidence is unavailable. These unique, lifelong patterns vary by population and gender. This study focused on Pashtun male and female students in Peshawar to examine the frequency and distribution of lip print patterns, providing population-specific forensic data.
Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed lip prints of 500 Pashtun students (294 males, 206 females) at Jinnah Medical College, Peshawar, aged 22-28, using convenience sampling. Participants meeting the inclusion criteria (Pashtun ethnicity, current enrollment, and consent) had their lip prints collected with frosted lipstick on bond paper. Prints were classified using Tsuchihashi & Suzuki's method. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, with chi-square tests for gender associations. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.
Results: Type II lip prints were the most common (22.4%), with a higher frequency in males (59.8%) compared to females (40.1%), but the p-value (0.66) indicated no significant gender difference. Other types (I, I', III, IV, and V) showed varying frequencies, but none revealed statistically significant differences between genders.
Conclusion: No significant gender differences were found in the distribution of lip print types among Pashtun students. Type II lip prints were the most prevalent, slightly more common in males. These findings suggest lip print patterns are not influenced by gender in this population.
El vínculo afectivo docente-estudiante en inicial II” niños de 4 a 5 años
Authors: Alvarado Montoya María , Fajardo Barcia Naomi , Jiménez Cevallos Ysell , Montoya Cruz Erika , Mendieta Toledo Lenin Byron
Published: December 2024

El vínculo afectivo docente-estudiante en el nivel Inicial II, dirigido a niños de 4 a 5 años, constituye un factor esencial en el desarrollo integral de los pequeños. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la importancia de este vínculo en la formación emocional y social de los niños, considerando que una relación afectiva positiva con el docente favorece la adaptación escolar, el desarrollo de la autoestima y el aprendizaje. La metodología empleada es de tipo cualitativo, con un diseño descriptivo y exploratorio. Se utilizaron entrevistas a docentes, observaciones directas en el aula y encuestas a padres de familia como técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de datos. Los resultados evidencian que un vínculo afectivo sólido contribuye significativamente al bienestar emocional de los niños, mejorando su participación en clase, su comportamiento y su capacidad para afrontar desafíos. Asimismo, se identificó que los docentes que promueven la empatía, la confianza y la comunicación abierta favorecen un ambiente de aprendizaje más seguro y estimulante. Las conclusiones señalan que el vínculo afectivo docente-estudiante es crucial para el éxito académico y personal de los niños en esta etapa, recomendándose fortalecer la formación docente en aspectos emocionales para potenciar este tipo de relaciones.
Case Studies on disproportionate Impact of Cyberattacks in the Healthcare Sector
Authors: Aditya Rai
Published: December 2024

Healthcare organizations store valuable data on patient’s protected health information, such as past, present, or future physical or mental health or condition and provision of health care to patients, financial information such as credit card and bank account information, personal identifying information, such as social security number and date of birth, and proprietary research in medical science, treatment, and technologies.  This information is of  significant monetary value and can be used by cyber thieves and hackers to blackmail patients, particularly rich and influential ones.  Hence, cyberinfrastructure used by these organizations is constantly under attack by cyber thieves and hackers.  For example, healthcare organizations were subjected to an average of 1,463 cyberattacks per week globally in 2022. This paper uniquely investigates the outsized impact of cyberattacks within the healthcare sector through numerous case studies by exploring their effects across industries. These attacks, targeting computer systems or networks, result in significant financial losses and compromise highly sensitive personal information. Within healthcare, they pose a grave threat to patient privacy, enabling unauthorized access to Protected Health Information (PHI) and other confidential data. With the rising frequency of cyberattacks in healthcare, immediate action is imperative. A comprehensive understanding of the issue and critical evaluation of existing policies are both pivotal in formulating effective and equitable strategies for counteraction.
Attitudes of Young Dentists Toward Rubber Dam Use in Clinical Practice
Authors: Radaina Niaz  , Tanzeela  , Fazeela  , Anfaal Binte Waheed  , Sayyada Mehtab Urooj  , Muhammad Anas  , Muhammad Farrukh
Published: December 2024

Objective: To assess the attitudes, practices, and barriers regarding rubber dam usage among young dentists in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 78 dentists who graduated within the last five years. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data on demographic details, knowledge, attitudes, and barriers toward rubber dam use. The questionnaire included 16 open- and closed-ended questions, covering frequency of use, reasons for non-use, preferred materials, patient compliance, and clinical outcomes. Ethical approval was obtained, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed to evaluate associations. Logistic regression identified predictors of rubber dam use. Results: Among participants, 59.5% used rubber dams, with only 15.4% reporting frequent use. The primary barrier was unavailability of kits (48%, P < 0.05). Better isolation was the primary benefit (93.3%, P < 0.01), while patient compliance was high in 59% of cases (P < 0.05). Latex sheets were preferred by 82.2%, with latex allergy reported as infrequent (89.7%, P < 0.01). Logistic regression indicated positive patient response as a significant predictor (odds ratio = 13.32, P = 0.03). Conclusion: Despite its benefits, rubber dam usage among young dentists is limited. Addressing barriers like kit availability and enhancing training can improve adoption and patient outcomes.
AVANÇOS NA NANOESTRUTURAÇÃO E APLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS NA TERAPIA DE REPOSIÇÃO DE TESTOSTERONA BIOIDÊNTICA
Authors: Carneiro de Oliveira Ítalo , Freitas Santos Francisnei , Pinto Gomes Nelson , de Araúdo Sampaio Francisco Leonardo , Borges Nunes Costa Ártemis Sandra , Poderoso Ferreira Ellen , Soares Cunha Marcos Henrique , Favero Elias Mariana , Santos Neto Dirceu , Costa Bertoldo Hugo
Published: December 2024

A reposição hormonal é uma prática clínica usada para restaurar os níveis de hormônios s em pacientes com deficiências endógenas, sendo fundamental em condições relacionadas ao envelhecimento e disfunções glandulares. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia dos hormônios bioidênticos na reposição da testosterona, comparando sua ingestão e efeitos colaterais com os da testosterona sintética. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com base em artigos científicos publicados entre 2013 e 2023, extraídos de bases de dados como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. A pesquisa selecionou 12 artigos Os resultados indicam que a testosterona bioidêntica apresenta melhor absorção e menor risco de efeitos adversos, como ganho de peso e problemas cardiovasculares, em comparação à testosterona sintética. A testosterona bioidêntica, associada à tecnologia de nanoestruturação e veículos transdérmicos, demonstrou uma melhoria significativa na biodisponibilidade, com uma taxa de absorção até 30% maior do que a testosterona sintética em algumas formulações. Além disso, o uso de nanoestruturação favoreceu a liberação controlada do hormônio, o que contribuiu para uma melhor eficácia terapêutica. Contudo, os desafios como a variação nos métodos de administração e a necessidade de personalização no tratamento para cada paciente ainda são aspectos que exigem atenção. Limitações nos estudos revisados, como tamanhos de amostra reduzidos e falta de consistência nos protocolos clínicos, também foram observados e devem ser considerados e considerados. Concluindo, a testosterona bioidêntica associada à nanoestruturação se apresenta como uma alternativa eficaz e segura para a reposição hormonal, trazendo benefícios ao bem-estar do paciente, com uma menor incidência de efeitos adversos em comparação à testosterona sintética. No entanto, mais estudos com amostras maiores e métodos mais padronizados são necessários para confirmar esses achados.