bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Storage of Eggs
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P RUMBALL
Published: November 2023

Eggs are preserved, on the commercial scale, almost universally by means of cold air storage. For the small producer or consumer, such a procedure is generally impracticable and resort has been made to simpler methods. Packing the eggs in sand, bran, ashes, lime, or salt was once used, but these methods bava now been abandoned in favour of storage in solution in which the eggs are immersed and held until required for use. The choice of a suitable solution is determined by certain considerations. The shell of the eggs and its adhering membranes are permeable to water and certain dissolved substances; so care has to be taken lest the preserving solution contains an ingredient likely to pass into the eggs, thereby affecting its flavour or contaminating it in some way. Various substances have been tried and rejected for different reasons, so that, at present, the two solutions most commonly used are a solution of sodium silicate, better known as water gloss, and lime water. An excellent alternative method is known as buttered eggs. Fundamentally, egg preservation still requires a certain degree of cold, and, although for satisfactory results constancy of temperature is unnecessary, it is essential that the eggs should be stored in a cool place where, if possible, the temperature should always be in the range of 33° to 50° F.
Accuracy of Estimates of Yields of Indian Cotton Forecasts with Special Reference to the Madras Cotton Crop
Authors:   Amrican College Madura, J.S PONNIAH
Published: November 2023

Under the standing orders of the Government of India, the Director General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, Calcutta, issues for all India forecasts for cotton at intervals of two months-in August, October, December, February and April. The exact day and hour of the release of the forecast is announced in a Press Note about one week in advance and arrangements have been made for the publication of the Information in Calcutta and Bombay simultaneously and then subsequently throughout the country in the quickest possible time.
The Fluted Scale, Icerya purchasi Mask., as a Pest of Wattle in South India, and its control by the Biological Method
Authors:   Retired Entomologist, Coimbatore 641003, Y RAMCHANDRA RAO , M.C CHERIAN ,   Government Entomologist, Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

Foreword The Fluted Scale, Icerya purchasi Mask., was first reported as a pest on wattle in April, 1928 on the Nilgiris, and during the years 1928-1930 measures were taken to check its spread first by the applica- tion of the Pest Act and later on by the importation (mainly from California and Egypt) of its natural enemy, the Ladybird--Rodolia (Vedalia) cardinalis Muls. A preliminary paper on this subject was prepared and read by one of the authors at the Indian Science Congress at Allahabad in January, 1930, but was not published pending the preparation of a fuller account, which, however, did not unfortunately materialise. After having been under fairly efficient control for over a decade, the scale had again in- creased in numbers by 1941, when it was reported to be causing much damage on the Nilgiris, and what was even more serious, it was detected on wattle at various places on the Upper Palnis also in 1941-42. Conse- quently, laboratories were established at Kodaikanal in July 1942 and at Fernhill in September 1943 to breed the Rodolia Ladybird. In view of the likelihood of the spread of the pest beyond its present limits and the conse- quent threat to the expanding fruit industry of India, it is proposed to present in this paper a short account of the spread of this pest in South India since its first appearance and indicate the present position in regard to its control.
Breeds of Cattle and Their, Staple Fodder Grasses
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K CHERIAN JACOB
Published: November 2023

There are four important breeds of cattle in South India viz., the Amirthamahal and Hallikar in the Mysore State; the Ongole in the Guntur District and the Kangayam in the Coimbatore District. These four breeds are not the outcome of any scientific breeding as it is the case in Western countries, though in maintaining the purity of the breeds, some crude principles might have been observed by the ryots. These four breeds differ from one another in their characteristics-the Amirthamahal and Hallikar are known for their nimble foot on the road; the Ongole for its massive body and slowness in speed combined with immense capacity to haul heavy loads; the Kangayam for its medium size and long life espe- cially when put to heavy agricultural work such as mhoting. In Western countries cattle breeders pay great attention not only to pedigree breeding but also to feeding and upbringing of cattle. Stall feading plays on im- portant role. The advantage in stall feeding is that the best forage can be supplied to the animal in required quantities and the deficiencies made up by suitable concentrates. Unfortunately, in this country, catlle feeding is still a neglected problem.
Organisation of Agricultural Research in India
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, B RAO BAHADUR  VISWANATH
Published: November 2023

I am glad to accept the invitation of the National Institute of Sciences to participate in the symposium on the post-war organisation of research and to contribute my views in respect of agricultural research in India. Agricultural Research has been in progress in India for forty years. During this period an Indian school of Agricultural research with a large body of workers hes gradually grown up. In recent years agricultural research and the organisation for it were under review and readjustment. The Royal Commission on Agriculture reviewed in great detail between the years 1926 to 1928 and Sir John Russell and Norman Wright in the year 1937. In examining sgsiu in reference to post-war requirements, it is necessary to consider first the nature of post-war agriculture and its problems that are likely to arise and then the research organisation to meet the requirements. Kesearch has never been more popular and more in demand than now. There is, therefore, no need to expatiate either on the value of research or o its practical contributions to agricultural development in India. We may assume that as in the past research is one of the agencies that can assist agri- culture and proceed, straight to the consideration, of post-war problems and research.
Soil Erosion and Conservation of Moisture in Un-irrigated Black Soils
Authors:   Soil Physicist Dry Farming Station, Bellary, A SUBBA RAO
Published: November 2023

The results of run-off experiments conducted at Hagari have shown that a large proportion of the rainfall is lost by surface flow. The greatest opportunity for conserving moisture in dry soils, therefore, lies in the redu- ction of losses due to surface run-off. It is naturally impossible to prevent run-off completely. It but a portion of it is saved, a substantial increase in the moisture supply is effected. As mentioned already, in the black soils the main hingari crops, cotton and sorghum have to depend on the moisture that is stored in the soil by their sowing time. Rainfall during their growth period is poor and preca- rious. The effective rainfall for crop growth is that received in the period August to October, normal for August, September and October is 12:3 in. against an annual normal of 20'6 in. (for the last ten years). Conservation methods like bunding, scooping or listing, therefore, help in better utilisation of the rain water. They arrest run-off and allow the water to stand on the field for a longer time, giving greater chance for it to be absorbed by the soil. Ploughing, by throwing the land into better physical condition, helps in better absorption of the rain water by the soil, provided the furrows do not run along the slope. Any implement which cuts a furrow can be used for forming basins, if the furrower can be lifted at intervals. In the case of the basin-lister this is arranged by means of an eccentric cam. The local interculturing implements, dhantulu or blade harrows, can also be used for forming the basins by lifting the harrow at intervals. As moisture is the limiting factor for crop growth in dry areas, a study of its movements under field conditions is essential.
A Short Note on the Cultivation of Elephant Yam (Amorphophallus campanulatus)
Authors:   Agricultural Demonstrator Tindivanam, K MEENAKSHISUNDARAM
Published: November 2023

When propaganda for reduction of area of commercial crops like groundnut and cotton is done, it is desirable that profitable substitute money crops, which are at the same time food crops also should be suggested to the ryots. The substitute crops should be those that can be cultivated by the ordinary ryot without much cultivation expenses and at the same time easily marketable. One such crop is Elephant yam. It is a nutritive root vegetable' which can he stored for a long time. Extension of cultivation of this will add to the vegetable production in the country and at the same time be profitable to the cultivator. This crop requires about 10 months to mature. It is usually planted in Chitrai (April-May) and harvested in Thai (January-February). A profit of more than Rs. 400 per acre can be secured in normal seasons by growing this crop. It is an exhaustive crop and can be grown in rotation once in three years in wet lands or garden lands. A short note on its cultivation is given below.
Some Biological Discoveries of Practical Importance
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, C.H Dr. WADDINGTON
Published: November 2023

There are two main spheres in which biology is of practical importance to society. One is medicine in the widest sense, which it would perhaps be more accurate to call human biology, and the other is food production or agriculture, niso in the widest sense. I do not propose to discuss the first of these fields in any detail, although new discoveries and new applications of old discoveries are always being made. Among recent new discoveries one may perhaps mention the bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic substances which are now being obtained from lower organisms. Penicillin, extracted from a mould related to the ordinary bread mould, is being investigated at Oxford and elsewhere and seems likely to prove one of the most powerful aids in dealing with infected wounds, a matter of the greatest import- ance at the present time. It may, however, be rivalled by gramicidin, a sub- stance prepared by American workers from certain types of bacteria which grow in soil; but perhaps the more optimistic view will prove justified and the two. substances be found to attack rather diferent kinds of germs and thus to supple- ment each other. As an example of a new technique of utilizing old biological knowledge, one may mention the treatment of various diseases, chiefly cancer in some of its forms, by radio-active substances artifically prepared with the aid of new physical apparatus such as the cyclotron. Radio-phosphorus and radio- iodine are differentially absorbed by different tirsues in the body; their radio- activity causes the destruction of the tissues in which they become located and the surgeon can in this way bring about a localized inhibition of particular tissues which are proliferating too rapidly.
Inheritance of Characters in Safflower-Carthamus tinctorius L.
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station Hagari, M VENKOBA RAO
Published: November 2023

The safflower is an oil-seed crop belonging to the natural order Compositae. This was once grown extensively in Bengal, United Provinces, the Punjab, Bombay and the Central Provinces for the extraction of an yellow dye, carthamin, from the florets of this plant, but with the introduction of synthetic dyes, this industry has ceased to exist, and the importance of this crop has very much dwindled. It is now grown merely for the sake of its oil. The seeds when crushed yield a clear straw- coloured oil which is largely used for culinary purposes. In the Madras Presidency this crop is cultivated chiefly in the black soils of the Ceded Districts, the largest area being in the Bellary district. Little known outside the Ceded Districts it does not find a place in the Season and Crop Report of this Province. This crop is sown in October November and is har- vested by February. It is usually sown as a mixture with coriander, sorghum or wheat. As a pure crop it is sown only along the borders of fields where its spiny bracts serve as a protection against cattle trespass. The literature regarding this crop is rather scanty. The earliest refer- ence is in the Commercial Products of India, Watt (1908), where a general account of this crop is given and the existence of two types of plants, the spinose and the spineless, is recognised. Howard et al (1915) published detailed descriptions of 34 types. Subsequently Sabnis and Phatak (1935) have made a classified list of 63 types, based on the flower colours and on the nature and shape of bracts. At the Agricultural Research Station, Hagari, selection work on this crop has been in progress for some time and the mode of inheritance of a few plant characters has also been studied incidentally. The results obtained are recorded in this paper.
The Cultivation of Vegetables in the Northern Circars
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, A SANKARAM
Published: November 2023

The important role that vegetables play in our diet, providing the necessary proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins etc, is too well known. The need for the systematic development of market and kitchen gardening, with a view to overcome the shortage of food at the present moment, is very great. In the Northern Circars not more than 48,000 acres is utilised for vegetables, although the scope for their culture is exceedingly great. The province of Madras claims nearly 3 lakhs of acres under vegetables out of the 28 million acres occupied by different food crops. This is obviously Insufficient to cater to the needs of the population.
Commercial Cane Sugar Value and its Importance
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station Anakapalle 531001, W THIRUMALA RAO , K SRIRAMAN ,   Agricultural Research Station Anakapalle 531001
Published: November 2023

Commercial cane sugar value Sugarcane consists mainly of juice and fibre. Of the constituents of the juice, sucrose forms the major part. The sugar that we daily use, is mainly sucrose. It is not all the sucrose of the sugarcane juice that can be bagged for use. A fraction of it goes to waste. The maximum amount of sugar that can be manufactured from a cane of known analysis is called the "commercial cane sugar value" (C. C. S.), or the "available sugar". This recovery of sugar depends upon (1) the efficiency of the machinery, (2) the skill of the factory superinten- dent, (3) nature of the cane, and (4) the quality of the juice. Of these, the quality of the juice is the most important factor. The sugar is manufactured in the field by the cane and the processes in the factory are only of secondary importance. Taking the quality of the juice alone into considera- tion, it is found that the "available sugar" varies with factors like (1) the fibre content of the cane, (2) the total amount of sucrose present, and (3) the proportion of sucrose to that of the soluble matter in the juice.
Factors affecting the effectiveness of math teachers’ integrated teaching in Vietnam high schools
Authors: Pham Hanh Thi Hong , Pham Quang Duc , Bui Cuong Kien
Published: November 2023

The teachers’ effectiveness in teaching is considered an important factor in determining the quality of high schools. Therefore, it is necessary to study the factors affecting the effectiveness of math teaching, especially the integrated teaching competence of math teachers in high schools. The main objective of this study is to determine the factors affecting the integrated teaching effectiveness of high school math teachers. Simultaneously, it proposes some appropriate solutions to help teachers have the opportunity to develop integrated teaching competence, contributing to improving the teaching efficiency of math to meet the current educational innovation requirements in Vietnam. SPSS software was used to analyze and process data from a survey of 118 math teachers at 31 high schools in Vietnam. The results of six analyzed variables show that there are three variables affecting teachers’ effectiveness of integrated teaching, including teacher’s perception of integrated teaching; policy on salary, bonus, and material remuneration for teachers; and student characteristics. In addition, the study also shows that teachers with a master’s degree have higher integrated teaching effectiveness than teachers with bachelor’s degree. The results also reveal that seniority and gender have almost no influence on the integrated teaching effectiveness of teachers. However, there is a statistically significant difference in the effectiveness of integrated teaching in grade 12 math teachers compared to grade 10 and grade 11. The new findings of this study have implications for high schools, teacher training institutions, pedagogical schools, and policymakers to improve the effectiveness of integrated teaching.
ChatGPT in Language Education: Perceptions of Teachers - A Beneficial Tool or Potential Threat?
Authors: Widianingtyas Nugraheni , Mukti Thomas Wahyu Prabowo , Silalahi Ronald Maraden Parlindungan
Published: November 2023

The burgeoning advancement in artificial intelligence, particularly ChatGPT, has increasingly drawn attention among specialists and practitioners. This study investigates the perceptions of language teachers in Indonesia regarding ChatGPT's potential as a language learning tool and the concerns associated with its deployment. A quantitative approach was adopted, utilizing an online questionnaire comprised of 18 items rated on a four-point Likert scale and three open-ended queries. The sample included 100 educators, spanning English, Indonesian, and Mandarin language teachers and lecturers. Findings indicate that a significant proportion of respondents are familiar with internet-based artificial intelligence and recognize the applicability of ChatGPT in pedagogical contexts. Notably, 87% of language educators endorse initiatives to enhance understanding and integration of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) to bolster instructional efficiency and efficacy. Consequently, a majority concur that ChatGPT can aid language learners in honing vocabulary, grammar, oral and written competencies. Based on these insights, it is imperative for educational stakeholders to strike a judicious equilibrium between the deployment of AI tools and a pedagogical paradigm that emphasizes student engagement and critical cognitive development.
Derivational Morpheme Errors in English: A Study of Libyan Students at Al-Mergib University
Authors: Ibsheeyah Firas Fouzi , Senowarsito Senowarsito , Nur’Aini Siti
Published: November 2023

Proficiency in a language entail mastering components such as lexical nuances and grammatical rules. However, morphology often gets overlooked in university programs, underscoring the need for students to heighten their morphological awareness to refine their English writing. This research delves into the errors in using derivational morphemes by third- and fourth-year English major students from Libya. The objective is to identify, categorize, and understand the root causes of these errors. The study, involving ten participants from Al-Mergib University, used a qualitative research approach with essay writing as the primary data collection tool. The analysis uncovers various errors in derivational morpheme usage. Specifically, the study recorded 36 omission errors, 16 order errors, 6 incorrect formations, and 3 other errors. A striking observation was that errors predominantly centered on suffixes over prefixes. The most frequent mistakes arose in the transformation of adjectives to adverbs and verbs to nouns, encompassing omissions, additions, misordering, and misformations. For educators, this study underscores the importance of understanding student challenges with derivational morphemes, especially related to verbs and nouns. It advocates for a pedagogical approach that includes group discussions analyzing relevant texts. By highlighting these errors, the study offers valuable insights into areas where Libyan students require focused attention in English morphology.
Managing Classroom Activities for Autistic Students in Improving English Vocabularies by Using Total Physical Response
Authors: Gaffar Muhammad Andriana , Ruswandi Riki , Wahyuni Wulandari Sri
Published: November 2023

English is one of the subjects studied in special education schools, and until now, are still many problems faced in the process of teaching this foreign language. Teachers' understanding of classroom management and appropriate learning strategies is a solution to overcome the problems that occur in learning English for children with autism. The application of the Total Physical Response (TPR) method is one of the effective methods used to learn English. The purpose of this study is to explore more information about classroom management activities and the application of the Total Physical Response (TPR) method at Satria Galdin Junior High School. The research approach used by the author is a qualitative method with a descriptive research design. Sources of data collection using interviews and observations. To analyze the data, the author uses descriptive techniques to present data based on the results of observations and interviews. The participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The participants of this study were students in the 2022/2023 school year, especially class VII of Satria Galdin Junior High School, as many as 20 people.  The results of this study can conclude that good classroom management supported by the application of the Total Physical Response (TPR) method in teaching English vocabulary is proven to be effective for student's mastery of English vocabulary and helps students maximize and explore their abilities. The effectiveness is seen in autistic students at Satria Galdin Junior High School.
Unveiling the Key Demands: Exploring Tourism Student Needs at a Vocational School
Authors: Am St Asriati , Todingan Mety , Hamid Radiah , Saiful Saiful
Published: November 2023

Tourism plays a pivotal role by substantially boosting foreign exchange, highlighting its immense significance for the region. This study is aimed at exploring the target needs concerning the communicative competencies of tenth-grade tourism students at vocational institutions in Makassar. To delineate these needs, open-ended questionnaires focusing on three specific target need dimensions were directed toward the teaching faculty. The subsequent data were meticulously processed through reduction, display, and conclusion phases. The distilled findings shed light on three cardinal facets of students' target needs: 1. Necessities: A realm encompassing pivotal skills such as speaking, listening, writing, and reading in tandem with the indispensable teaching materials. 2. Lacks: This underscores the discernible voids in students' grammar and lexical repertoire. 3. Wants: A domain where students manifest an ardent aspiration to master oral communication skills. These revelations underscore the intertwined complexities of target needs in the pedagogy of the English language. Additionally, this investigative endeavor empowers educators in Makassar's vocational institutions with a compass to navigate the intricate landscape of tourism students' requisites. Such profound insights germinate the seeds for sculpting potent English language curricula, harmoniously resonating with the students' ambitions while adeptly bridging their skill deficits. In summation, this research not only augments the caliber of tourism pedagogy but also unfurls a roadmap for educators, equipping them with the acumen to meticulously tailor their instructional strategies, ensuring a holistic address of students' target needs.
Amplifying Proficiency: Unearthing the Impact of Extensive Listening on Student Listening Skills
Authors: Rukmana Rani Aryanti , Setyarini Sri , Purnawarman Pupung , Sianipar Isra F
Published: November 2023

In conventional language education, listening often receives less attention compared to the teaching of grammar and other language skills. Nevertheless, it is crucial to acknowledge that knowledge acquisition and assimilation primarily occur through listening. This study explores the enhancement of students' listening competency through extensive listening practices, utilizing the participatory action research method, specifically the Collaborative Classroom Action Research approach. The research was conducted at Junior High School in Medan, Indonesia and involved 31 Grade VIII students. The study incorporated pre-test and post-test listening assessments, and observation across three cycles: pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II. The results clearly demonstrate the positive impact of extensive listening on students' listening skills. Overall, there was a substantial improvement, with scores increasing from 49.35% in the pre-test to an impressive 85.16% in cycle II. Notably, individual progress also showed substantial growth, rising from 6.45% in the pre-test to a remarkable 77.4% in cycle II. These findings underscore the undeniable effectiveness of extensive listening in language education. They offer valuable insights for English teachers and provide robust support for the adoption of extensive listening as a potent means to nurture and elevate students' listening skills, which are a fundamental aspect of language acquisition.
Utilizing M-Reader for Extensive Reading: Implications for Seminarian Identity at Mataloko Seminary
Authors: Lobi Yohanes Capistrano Satrini , Mukti Thomas Wahyu Prabowo
Published: November 2023

Introduced in 2021, M-Reader is a digital application designed to promote Extensive Reading. Mataloko Seminary, recognizing its potential, has employed M-Reader to enhance both student literacy and identity formation. With this context in mind, this research sought to answer two pivotal questions: (1) How has Mataloko Seminary integrated Extensive Reading into its curriculum? and (2) To what extent does Extensive Reading via M-Reader influence the identity of seminarians on their journey to priesthood? Employing a narrative inquiry methodology, the study meticulously examined the application of M-Reader in extensive reading practices and its consequent impact on seminarian identity. Data was meticulously collated through semi-structured interviews with three students from grades 10 and 12, all hailing from Mataloko. This data, systematically categorized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, revealed that M-Reader-supported extensive reading at Mataloko Seminary adheres to ten established principles of extensive reading. Furthermore, the program emerged as a pivotal tool in molding the seminarians' identity across four critical dimensions: human, intellectual, pastoral, and spiritual. These findings underscore the potential benefits for other educational institutions targeting comprehensive identity development: the incorporation of digital extensive reading tools like M-Reader can be a game-changer.
Maximizing German to English Translation Proficiency: A Bottom-Up Approach Study
Authors: Mannahali Misnah , Halim Abd.
Published: November 2023

In the realm of language education, the adoption of effective teaching methodologies holds paramount importance. This study addresses the discernible gap in the literature concerning the impact of a bottom-up approach on German-to-English translation. By scrutinizing the discrepancy between theories and practices, this research aims to shed light on the transformative potential of this innovative pedagogical approach. Conducted within the German Language Education Study Program at the Faculty of Language and Literature, Makassar State University, this qualitative descriptive research encompasses students enrolled in the Einfuehrung in der Uebersetzungwissenschaft (Introduction to Translation) course during the odd semester of 2020/2021. The study's focal points include assessing students' mastery of translation theory as a foundational element for achieving overarching learning objectives, examining the strategies employed by instructors in implementing the bottom-up approach, developing tailored materials designed to inspire and engage students for optimal learning outcomes, and evaluating students' proficiency in translating German texts into English following the application of the bottom-up approach. Through comprehensive assessments utilizing testing as a primary data collection method, the results unequivocally demonstrate the affirmative impact of the bottom-up approach on the translation proficiency of students in transmuting German texts into English. This study reaffirms the pivotal role of innovative pedagogical approaches in enhancing language learning outcomes and underscores the significance of incorporating the bottom-up approach into German-to-English translation courses.
PRODUCTION OF FOWLPOX VACCINE VIRUS IN CHICK EMBRYO DERMAL TISSUE CULTUE
Authors: Sadik Mohammed Ghanima
Published: November 2023

Chick embryo dermis (CED) cell cultures were prepared from skinpeeled off from 12 day old specific pathogen free (SPF) embryo. The cultures were grown in 199 medium containing 5 % calf serum and 10% trypose phosphate broth (TPB). For primary cultures, suspensions containing 8 x 105 cells per ml were seeded in Roux bottles, culture tubes and 2 oz plastic bottles. Cell culture passaged 3-5 times without muh difficulty. Canadian vaccine strain of lowlpox virus was propagated satisfactorily in CED subcultures. Cytopathic effect (CPE) was characterized by rounding of cells, ballooning of a few infected cells and frmation of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. The virus titers were in the order of 107.6 TCD 50 per 0.1 ml. 

Three experimental batches of cell culture adopted virus were prepared to be tested for immunization of susceptible birds. These batches were titrated in CED cultures, embryonated SPF eggs and susceptible chickens. The titers were higher on CED cultures. Four weeks old chickens vaccinated with approximately 105 TCD 50 developed good takes and remained apparantly healthy 

during the period of observations. Protection was demonstrated against challenge with virulent fowlpox virus. Advantages of production of fowlpox vaccine in CED cultures instead of embryonated eggs were outlined briefly.
ARTERIOLOSCLEROSIS IN BOVINE HEPATIC TISSUE INFESTED CHRONICALLY BY FASCIOLIASIS
Authors: A. ABDUL RAHMAN RAJEHA
Published: November 2023

This investigation aimed at studying the arteriolar lesions in the hepatic infestation with fascioiiasis. Specimens from slaughterhouse were collected, and studied by histopathology. Sclerotic lesion was revealed in the arteriolar walls of chronic type infestation, while mild arteriolitid was only found in the acute migratory phase.
Sex and Type Effect on Weight Carcass Recipes in Meat Broiler
Authors: Rawdan Jaafar Maysoon
Published: November 2023

Thirty males and (30) females from each of two commerical broiler strains (Lohmman and Euribred) were weighted abd slaughtrered at 56 days of age. Over all mean live body was (1967 g) for males and (1692 g) for females mean abdominal fat repersented (2.48%) of the total fat for males and (3.32%) for females. The mean total fat of the body was (13.8%) for the males and (15.5%) for the females. 

There were no significant difference between males in mean total fat of both strains at the 5% level but there were significant differences between females. 

It was concluded that significant differences were evedente between males and females in the carcass and abdominal fat retio but not between strains.
Development of lightweight building blocks using expanded polystyrene
Authors: Moudud Ahmmed  , Zainul Abedin  , Subrata Paul  , Golam Kibria Bhuiyan  , Hafijur Rahaman  , Mohammad Afzal Hossain  , Monirul Islam  , Arafat Ullah khan
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to develop lightweight building blocks using Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) with varying percentages, assess their properties, including density, water absorption, porosity, and compressive strength, and evaluate the unit cost of the blocks. The heat-passing rate of the blocks was also investigated. EPS blocks were produced at the Concrete and Materials Testing Laboratory in the Farm Structure and Environmental Engineering Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Local sand and ordinary Portland cement were utilized, with the EPS bead sizes ranging from 2.36mm to 6.35mm. Five different percentages of EPS beads (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were selected for each block, and the cement-to-sand ratio was 1:4. A total of 75 EPS blocks were fabricated and cured in water for 28 days. The results showed that the density was highest for 0% EPS blocks (2139.75 kg/m3) and lowest for 20% EPS blocks (1699.08 kg/m3). Water absorption was most insufficient for 0% EPS blocks (4.39%) and highest for 20% EPS blocks (9.07%). The porosity was highest for 20% EPS blocks (14.37%) and lowest for 0% EPS blocks (6.74%). The heat passing rate was minimal for 0% EPS blocks and highest for 20% EPS blocks. Compressive strength was highest for 0% EPS blocks (13.37 MPa), moderate for 10% EPS blocks (10.87 MPa), and lowest for 20% EPS blocks (8.94 MPa). The unit cost of 100 blocks was highest for 0% EPS blocks (15.18 USD) and lowest for 20% EPS blocks (13.28 USD). Overall, the EPS blocks are recommended for construction due to their durability and compressive strength.
Effect of temperature, relative humidity and drip irrigation on productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Pedro Félix-Valencia  , Isidoro Padilla-Valenzuela  , José Eliseo Ortiz-Enríquez  , María Monserrat Torres-Cruz  , Guillermo Fuentes-Dávila
Published: November 2023

In southern Sonora, Mexico, the temperature has maintained a tendency to increase 0.2°C every spring season, which poses a risk for bean production, since high temperatures might occur during the critical periods of flowering and grain-filling that define the final grain yield. The objective was to determine the impact of temperature and relative humidity on bean grain yield and quality in two commercial fields (B-2110 and B-2228) sown in two dates (March 9 and 25, and 3 and 27, respectively) with cultivar Pinto Saltillo, in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora under drip irrigation. The fruiting period was evaluated in relation to temperature, relative humidity and drip irrigation sheets. Meteorological data were obtained from digital sensors installed within the crop, in addition to the meteorological stations closest to each field. The analysis of variance was highly significant for number of pods with grain, number of grains per pod, specific grain weight, and grain yield ha-1. Bean grain yield varied from 1,204 to 3,271 kg ha-1; the highest yield was obtained in field B-2110 on the first date, where a total water sheet of 50.4 cm was applied with a 12.1 day interval between 8 irrigations; while the lowest yield was obtained in B-2228 on the second date where a total water sheet of 59.60 cm was applied with a 5.6 day interval between 14 irrigations. The number of continuous hours and days with temperature greater than 33°C and relative humidity greater than 90% during the fruitful stage of the crop, were related to the greatest number of pods without grain and the lowest grain weight, with a significant reduction in the quality for consumption. The consumption quality of the grain was mainly affected in the late sowing dates, where losses of 32.6 to 48.7% were obtained in fields B-2110 and B-2228, respectively.
Emphysematous cystitis about a case
Authors: Zackaria Ba  , M. amine Malki  , A. Geralde  , M. Amri  , H. Harb  , I. Charifi  , MJ EL Fassi  , MH Farih
Published: November 2023

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare urinary tract infection characterized by gas in the bladder wall and lumen. It is more common in diabetic unbalanced patients, who are immunocompromised or have an obstruction under the bladder. The most common germs responsible for this pathology are facultative aerobic-anaerobes (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia). Most cases can be treated with a combination of antibiotics, bladder drainage and glycemic control, Early medical intervention can contribute to achieving a favorable prognosis without the need for surgical intervention.
Design and implementation of vehicle location tracking system for University Bus Developing Android Application
Authors: Raihan Ahmed Joy  , Md. Amanullah Sarker  , Md. Nazmul Hasan Sarker
Published: November 2023

In this modern era, studying Engineering is far more popular and prestigious than any other option. The demand for engineering students is increasing day by day and students are very eager to study engineering more than ever. To maintain the demand, Engineering institutes are enlarging their capacity as well as increasing their departments. Using this engineering knowledge, for a complete picture of vehicle locations, a vehicle tracking system combines the use of independent vehicle location in individual vehicles with software that gathers this fleet data. Other kinds of automatic car location technologies can also be utilized in modern vehicle tracking systems, which often use GPS or GLONASS technology to locate the vehicle. For cost optimization, only the Android application in mobile through a continuous internet connection can also be used. Only using the Google Map API (Application Program Interface), can be beneficial to third-world countries like Bangladesh. Additionally, using the Internet or particular software, you can display car information on electronic maps. Vehicle tracking systems are being used by urban transit authorities more frequently, especially in big cities. The efficiency of the production and the overall system of an organization can be increased by using the location tracking system. It may also reduce the unusual wastage of delivery time of workers.
The G-20 and Global Rise of Indian State
Authors: Ajay Kumar  , Shweta Kumar
Published: November 2023

The G-20 (Group of Twenty) is the first global forum that can be considered a great step for global economic cooperation in the 21st century. It is associated with the current transformation of the world order as well as the requirement to find global solutions to this century’s problems which are progressively acquiring global dimensions. With this background, the emergence of the G-20 has been perceived as an affirmation of the increasingly multi-polar order and a sign of the end of the West’s domination of the world economy and politics. On the other hand, it has been viewed as a response to the increasing interdependence created by globalization in which north-south distance is to some extent mitigated. The result is that a country like India is becoming a leading actor in the world along with an emerging system. India is holding the G-20 Presidency for one year from December 2022 to 30 November 2023. It is also about to host the world community on 9-10 September 2023 on the occasion of the eighteenth G-20 Summit. This Presidency is an important opportunity for India to demonstrate its leadership and strive to strengthen multilateral cooperation at a time when the world is grappling with the debt crisis, looming recession, the slow spanning of the Sustainable Development Goals agenda, and great power competition, accelerating and facing challenges such as the conflict in Europe. This article traces the evolution of G-20 in light of India’s forthcoming Presidency and projects G-20 as a global governance grouping that successfully seeks to bridge the North-South divide.
Penetrating trauma to the male external genitalia: Case report and clinical management
Authors: Jaafar BENJAAFAR MARRAKCHI  , Mohammed BAKHRI  , Mustapha AHSAINI  , Soufiane MELLAS  , Jalal Eddine EL AMMARI  , Mohammed Fadl TAZI  , Mohammed Jamal EL FASSI  , Moulay Hassan FARIH
Published: November 2023

Penetrating trauma to the male genital organs, especially involving a foreign body, is an unusual but critical clinical scenario with potential consequences for sexual health, urinary function, and the patient's quality of life. When such injuries occur in the context of a road traffic accident, the complexity of their management is further heightened. This case report presents a unique case of a 26-year-old motorcyclist who suffered open trauma from a 5 cm metallic foreign body projecting at the base of the penis following a car collision. The clinical evaluation, diagnostic challenges, surgical approach, and successful outcome are discussed. Management of penetrating pelvic trauma requires a multidisciplinary approach, careful planning, and postoperative vigilance to minimize complications and promote healing. This case contributes valuable insights to the medical community, emphasizing the significance of imaging, precise surgical planning, and interdisciplinary collaboration for optimal patient care in such rare and severe injuries.
Thermal risk analysis for winter-spring maize (Zea mays L.) in the Yaqui Valley Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Pedro Félix-Valencia  , María Monserrat Torres-Cruz  , Guillermo Fuentes-Dávila
Published: November 2023

The state of Sonora in Mexico contributed with 2.8 % of the maize national production (788,885.77 t) in 2021; however, its production has been affected by low temperatures. The objective was to analyze the effect of minimum (MINTT < 3 °C) and maximum temperature threshold levels (MAXTT > 33 °C) on maize production. Five commercial fields sown with hybrid Hipotótamo and five with DK-4050 were selected in the Yaqui Valley. Temperature data were obtained from the automated weather station network in the state from December 2021 to June 2022. The minimum temperatures recorded between March 8 and 10, 2022, covered about 35 % of the total area sown with maize in southern Sonora. Foliar damage as shown by necrosis between the 5th and 10th leaf oscillated from 3 to 12 %, and it was associated with a temperature range of 1.05 and 4.30 ºC. Frost severity was not significant, so the crop recovered by the production of new leaves. From April, different periods of days with different continuous hours with MAXTT were recorded by weather stations; the highest number of periods occurred in fields B-419 and B-1101 with six. The highest number of hours with MAXTT was recorded in B-1922 with 374, followed by B-419 with 288. Hipopótamo showed the highest grain yield in field B-1101 (16.62 t ha-1). Damage by MAXTT to maize production during 2021-2022 winter-spring season, caused a reduction of 1.53 t ha-1 in relation to the regional average in the previous season.
Prevalence of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in Mali
Authors: Modibo Diakité  , Brahima Sacko  , Amadou Sery  , Sekouba Bengaly
Published: November 2023

This study, carried out between June 2019 and September 2020 in the localities of Kadiolo, Dioïla and Diéma, aimed to determine the prevalence of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina. It involved blood analysis of 648 cattle samples (327 females and 321 males) and tick collection for Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis parasites and their vectors. During the dry season, 72 cattle tested positive for Babesia bovis out of a total of 324 examined, giving a prevalence rate of 22.22%. On the other hand, during the rainy season, 128 cattle were positive for Babesia bovis out of a total of 324 examined, for a prevalence rate of 39.50%. The study revealed that the vectors of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis are more abundant during the rainy season than in the dry season.
Pengujian Tingkat Kesegaran Ikan Bandeng di Pasaran Kabupaten Gresik Berdasarkan Limit Cemaran Mikrobiologi SNI (SNI 2729:2021)
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul , Ningrum Sugiyati , Putri Silvy Novita Antrisna
Published: November 2023

Ikan bandeng termasuk ikan yang banyak diminati dan memiliki harga yang relatif murah serta mengandung zat gizi lengkap. Berdasarkan kandungan gizinya, ikan bandeng termasuk dalam perishable food (pangan yang mudah rusak) karena aktivitas mikroorganisme apabila dilakukan penanganan yang tidak tepat. Berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (2021), ikan dikatakan segar apabila terbebas dari cemaran mikroorganisme patogen seperti E. coli dan Salmonella. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pengujian mikrobiologis untuk memastikan adanya cemaran mikroorganisme diantaranya Salmonella dan Escherichia coli serta dilakukan pengujian Total Plate Count (TPC). Hasil pengujian mikrobiologi ikan bandeng di pasaran Kabupaten Gresik menunjukkan hasil yang negatif terhadap uji bakteri Salmonella, dan uji bakteri E coli menunjukkan hasil <3MPN/g, serta uji TPC memperoleh hasil dibawah ambang batas SNI sebanyak 8,0 x 10-1. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel ikan bandeng yang telah diuji secara mikrobiologi tergolong kedalam ikan bandeng segar.
Upaya Penanaman Karakter Santri Melalui Kegiatan Pesantren Weekend
Authors: Saifuddin Khamim , Riski Ajinur
Published: November 2023

Manbaul Khoir merupakan pesantren yang diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi pencegahan terhadap penurunan sikap remaja. Hilangnya kesadaran remaja untuk mengaji, dimulai pada usia 12 tahun ke atas. Program pesantren akhir pekan (weekend) adalah salah satu kegiatan unggulan di pondok pesantren manbaul khoir. Layanan ini menggunakan metode Asset Based Coomunitu Development (ABCD). Pendekatan ini menitikberatkan pada kepemilikan aset atau potensi yang dimiliki masyarakat untuk dikembangkan lebih luas dan dapat memberdayakan masyarakat. Alur pelaksanaan pelayanannya adalah pengembangan anak tentang potensi dirinya dalam upaya perubahan sikap hidup anak, menyusun konsep makro kurikulum pesantren berdasarkan konsep pendidikan karakter, mengorganisir dan mengajak anak mengidentifikasi kebutuhannya, menentukan prioritas dan mencari solusi, memberikan pemahaman tentang pentingnya kurikulum pendidikan karakter dalam upaya menghasilkan generasi intelektual yang bermoral, menerapkan konsepsi kurikulum pesantren akhir pekan, mengembangkan konsep kurikulum sesuai kebutuhan zaman. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini ditemukan bahwa penerapan program sangat diperlukan namun demikian perlu ada upaya yang lebih serius dalam menutupi kekurangan yang ditemukan.

 

Manbaul Khoir is an Islamic boarding school which is expected to be a preventive solution to the decline in adolescent attitudes. Loss of awareness among teenagers about reciting the Koran, starting at the age of 12 years and above. The weekend Islamic boarding school program is one of the superior activities at the Manbaul Khoir Islamic boarding school. This service uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) method. This approach focuses on ownership of assets or potential that the community has to be developed more widely and can empower the community. The flow of service implementation is developing children about their potential in an effort to change children's attitudes towards life, developing macro concepts for the Islamic boarding school curriculum based on the concept of character education, organizing and inviting children to identify their needs, determine priorities and find solutions, providing an understanding of the importance of the character education curriculum in an effort to produce the next generation. moral intellectuals, implementing the weekend Islamic boarding school curriculum concept, developing curriculum concepts according to the needs of the times. The conclusion of this article is that implementing the program is very necessary, however, more serious efforts need to be made to cover the deficiencies found.