bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faithfulness in the Translation of the Holy Quran: Revisiting the Skopos Theory
Authors: Abdelaal Noureldin Mohamed
Published: September 2019

Faithfulness and equivalence are two issues that gained the attention of many scholars in the translation field. It has always been presumed that a faithful translation is the one that could achieve equivalence at its maximum level. However, one theory of translation, namely, the Skopos theory, suggests that the aim or Skopos of a translation should be the target of a translator. Adopting such a theory, equivalence does not mean sameness; it rather means achieving the least dissimilarness. In relation to this, a translation of the Holy Quran is supposed to target conveying the primary meaning of the source text (ST) and its function rather than unachievably aiming at rendering its stylistic features. This study aims to highlight the problems faced in the translation of some verses of the Holy Quran and how they can be handled from a different theoretical and practical perspective and in regard to the Skopos theory. To this end, six verses ( ayahs) from the Chapter of the Heights and the Chapter of Cattle were purposively selected and analyzed. Frequent problems and loss in translation were found in the translations of Abdel Haleem, Pickthall, Shakir, and Sarwar. This study, guided by the Skopos theory with some modifications, suggests a new perspective in the translation of the Holy Quran. It also provides a more applicable definition of faithfulness in the translation of the Holy Quran.
Local privacy protection classification based on human-centric computing
Authors: Yin Chunyong , Zhou Biao , Yin Zhichao , Wang Jin
Published: September 2019

Human-centric computing is becoming an important part of data-driven artificial intelligence (AI) and the importance of data mining under Human-centric computing is getting more and more attention. The rapid development of machine learning has gradually increased its ability to mine data. In this paper, privacy protection is combined with machine learning, in which a logistic regression is adopted for local differential privacy protection to achieves classification task utilizing noise addition and feature selection. The design idea is mainly divided into three parts: noise addition, feature selection and logistic regression. In the part of noise addition, the way of adding noise using Laplace mechanism to original data achieves the purpose of disturbing data. The part of feature selection is to highlight the impact of noised data on the classifier. The part of logistic regression is to use logistic regression to implement classification task. The experimental results show that an accuracy of 85.7% can be achieved for the privacy data by choosing appropriate regularization coefficients.
RUNX transcription factors: orchestrators of development
Authors: Mevel Renaud , Draper Julia E. , Lie-a-Ling Michael , Kouskoff Valerie , Lacaud Georges
Published: September 2019

RUNX transcription factors orchestrate many different aspects of biology, including basic cellular and developmental processes, stem cell biology and tumorigenesis. In this Primer, we introduce the molecular hallmarks of the three mammalian RUNX genes, RUNX1, RUNX2 and RUNX3, and discuss the regulation of their activities and their mechanisms of action. We then review their crucial roles in the specification and maintenance of a wide array of tissues during embryonic development and adult homeostasis.
Partially overlapping guidance pathways focus the activity of UNC-40/DCC along the anteroposterior axis of polarizing neuroblasts
Authors: Ebbing Annabel , Middelkoop Teije C. , Betist Marco , Bodewes Eduard , Korswagen Hendrik C.
Published: September 2019

Directional migration of neurons and neuronal precursor cells is a central process in nervous system development. In the nematode C. elegans, the two Q neuroblasts polarize and migrate in opposite directions along the anteroposterior body axis. Several key regulators of Q cell polarization have been identified, including MIG-21, DPY-19/DPY19L1, the netrin receptor UNC-40/DCC, the Fat-like cadherin CDH-4, and CDH-3/Fat, which we describe in this study. How these different transmembrane proteins act together to direct Q neuroblast polarization and migration is still largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that MIG-21 and DPY-19, CDH-3 and CDH-4, and UNC-40 define three distinct pathways that have partially redundant roles in protrusion formation, but also separate functions in regulating protrusion direction. Moreover, we show that the MIG-21 - DPY-19 and Fat-like cadherin pathways control the localization and clustering of UNC-40 at the leading edge of the polarizing Q neuroblast, and that this is independent of the UNC-40 ligands UNC-6/netrin and MADD-4. Our results provide insight into a novel mechanism for ligand-independent localization of UNC-40 that directs the activity of UNC-40 along the anteroposterior axis.
The p75 neurotrophin receptor is required for the survival of neuronal progenitors and normal formation of the basal forebrain, striatum, thalamus and neocortex
Authors: Meier Sonja , Alfonsi Fabienne , Kurniawan Nyoman D. , Milne Michael R. , Kasherman Maria A. , Delogu Alessio , Piper Michael , Coulson Elizabeth J.
Published: September 2019

During development, the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is widely expressed in the nervous system where it regulates neuronal differentiation, migration and axonal outgrowth. p75NTR also mediates the survival and death of newly born neurons, with functional outcomes being dependent on both timing and cellular context. Here we show that knockout of p75NTR from embryonic day 10 (E10) in neural progenitors using a conditional Nestin-Cre; p75NTR floxed mouse causes increased apoptosis of progenitor cells. By E14.5, the number of Tbr2-positive progenitor cells was significantly reduced and the rate of neurogenesis was halved. Furthermore, in adult knockout mice, there were fewer cortical pyramidal neurons, interneurons, cholinergic basal forebrain neurons, and striatal neurons, corresponding to a relative reduction in volume of these structures. Thalamic midline fusion during early postnatal development was also impaired in Nestin-Cre p75NTR floxed mice, indicating a novel role of p75NTR in the formation of this structure. The phenotype of this strain demonstrates that p75NTR regulates multiple aspects of brain development, including cortical progenitor cell survival, and that expression during early neurogenesis is required for appropriate formation of telencephalic structures.
Humanin vitrofertilisation and developmental biology: a mutually influential history
Authors: Johnson Martin
Published: September 2019

This article describes the origins and development of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and how it was influenced by, and influenced, basic research in developmental biology. It describes the technical and social challenges that confronted the pioneers in this field of study, and the considerable progress that has been made since those early days. It also considers how IVF has contributed, and continues to contribute, to our understanding of early human development.
Implications of the Sap47 null mutation for synapsin phosphorylation, longevity, climbing, and behavioural plasticity in adult Drosophila
Authors: Blanco-Redondo Beatriz , Nuwal Nidhi , Kneitz Susanne , Nuwal Tulip , Halder Partho , Liu Yiting , Ehmann Nadine , Scholz Nicole , Mayer Annika , Kleber Jörg , Kähne Thilo , Schmitt Dominique , Sadanandappa Madhumala K. , Funk Natalja , Albertova Viera , Helfrich-Förster Charlotte , Ramaswami Mani , Hasan Gaiti , Kittel Robert J. , Langenhan Tobias , Gerber Bertram , Buchner Erich
Published: September 2019

The Sap47 gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a highly abundant 47 kDa synaptic vesicle-associated protein. Sap47 null mutants show defects in synaptic plasticity and larval olfactory associative learning but the molecular function of Sap47 at the synapse is unknown. We demonstrate that Sap47 modulates the phosphorylation of another highly abundant conserved presynaptic protein, synapsin. Site-specific phosphorylation of Drosophila synapsin has repeatedly been shown to be important for behavioural plasticity but information of where in the brain phospho-synapsin isoforms are localized has been lacking. Here we report the distribution of serine-6-phosphorylated synapsin in the adult brain and show that it is highly enriched in rings of synapses in the ellipsoid body, and in large synapses near the lateral triangle. Effects of knock-out of Sap47 or synapsin on olfactory associative learning/memory are compatible with the hypothesis that both proteins operate in the same molecular pathway. We therefore asked if this might also hold for other aspects of their function. We show that knock-out of Sap47 but not synapsin reduces life span, whereas knock-out of Sap47, synapsin or both affects climbing as well as plasticity in circadian rhythms and sleep. Furthermore, electrophysiological assessment of synaptic properties at the larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) reveals increased spontaneous synaptic vesicle fusion and reduced paired pulse facilitation in Sap47 and synapsin single and double mutants. Our results imply that Sap47 and synapsin cooperate non-uniformly in the control of synaptic properties in different behaviourally relevant neuronal networks of the fruitfly.
An Effective Strategy to Obtain Highly Porous Alumina Powders Having Robust and Designable Extra-Large Pores
Authors: Maruoka Hirokazu , Kimura Tatsuo
Published: September 2019

Crystalline alumina is a significant inorganic solid that has been utilized as a high-surface-area catalyst support. However, it has been in fact difficult to obtain alumina having high interior porosity and adequate crystallinity in their powder forms because complete crystallization of pore walls (alumina frameworks) is generally suppressed by the porous structures. Here, we report an aerosol-assisted synthesis of highly porous alumina using asymmetric polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) type diblock copolymers, and summarize it as an effective strategy to achieve quick optimization of the synthetic conditions. Extra-large pores (∼40 nm using PS35000-b-PEO17000 and ∼200 nm using PS58500-b-PEO37000) were architected in the aerosol-assisted particles successfully. The alumina frameworks can be adequately crystallized to its γ-phase through calcination at high temperature (e.g., 1000 °C) with the retention of initial porous structures. In addition, surface propertis of the alumina frameworks were changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic with the crystallization degree, being a significant insight for tuning functions through the porous materials design.
Cerebral schistosomiasis in a patient travelling from São Tomé and Príncipe
Authors: Duarte Armindo Rui , Costa Sónia , Almeida Vânia , Barroso Cândida
Published: September 2019

Aiming to raise awareness for the possibility of schistosomal involvement of the central nervous system in travellers returning from endemic areas and/or immigrants to nonendemic areas, the authors report a case of neuroschistosomiasis in a Portuguese patient coming from the Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe with good clinical outcome following praziquantel therapy. This is the first case of neuroschistosomiasis associated with São Tomé and Príncipe reported in literature and further studies are needed to confirm which species of this parasite are endemic of that region. We conclude that early diagnosis is key to reduce clinical severity and therefore validation of new diagnostic techniques and establishment of consensual treatment guidelines would be important.
Online Resource Allocation with Limited Flexibility
Authors: Asadpour Arash , Wang Xuan , Zhang Jiawei
Published: September 2019

We consider a class of online resource-allocation problems in which there are n types of resources with limited initial inventory and n demand classes. The resources are flexible in that each type of resource can serve more than one demand class. In this paper, we focus on a special class of structures with limited flexibility, the long-chain design, which was proposed by Jordan and Graves [Jordan WC, Graves SC (1995) Principles on the benefits of manufacturing process flexibility. Management Sci. 41(4):577–594.] and has been an important concept in the design of sparse flexible processes. We study the long-chain design in an online stochastic environment in which the requests are drawn repeatedly and independently from a nonstationary probability distribution over the different demand classes. Also, the decision on how to address each request must be made immediately upon its arrival. We show the effectiveness of the long-chain design in mitigating supply–demand mismatch under a simple myopic online allocation policy. In particular, we provide an upper bound on the expected total number of lost sales that is irrespective of how large the market size is.

This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
UM CURRÍCULO NO CONTEXTO DO PROGRAMA MAIS MÉDICOS, SUAS DEMANDAS E POSSIVEIS EFEITOS CULTURAIS
Authors: Silva Maria Patricia , Paraiso Marlucy Alves
Published: September 2019

O artigo discute a relação dos currículos e a formação de médicos, temática ainda pouco explorada tanto no campo curricular. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre estudos que analisaram práticas médicas no Programa Mais Médicos (PMM). O objetivo identificar mudanças na formação de médicos, desencadeadas pelas demandas do PMM, tomando como base teórica os estudos culturais. No contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde políticas alcançam o currículo formal - e recentemente - a implementação do PMM, tais ações são identificadas como possibilidades, criadas onde acontecem novas práticas da abordagem médica. Os resultados apontam mudanças na prática do PMM, com efeitos culturais na prática da integração ensino-serviço, por um trabalho humanizado e integral.
INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DE ESTUDO: ESTRATÉGIA DE CLASSES MÉDIAS INTELECTUALIZADAS - CAMPO GRANDE/MS
Authors: Souza Solange Bertozi de , Assis Jacira Helena do Valle Pereira
Published: September 2019

Este artigo trata da internacionalização de estudos usada como estratégia educacional de famílias de classes médias intelectualizadas de Campo Grande-MS. O objetivo é compreender se essas famílias buscam uma formação intelectual internacional. A teoria remete a Bourdieu e interlocutores, foi feita revisão bibliográfica, aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes universitários e seus filhos, que fizeram intercâmbio internacional, estudaram em escola bilíngue ou em cursos livres de línguas. Os resultados mostraram que a internacionalização de estudos é considerada uma estratégia educacional e na análise identificou-se que ela traz vantagens a quem pode ter acesso o maior desafio é fazer com que possa ser utilizada por toda a população brasileira, sem que haja distinções. Abstract:This article deals with the internationalization of studies used as an educational strategy for intellectualized middle classes families in Campo Grande-MS. The aim is to understand if these families seek an international intellectual formation. The theory refers to Bourdieu, a bibliographical review was carried out, the application of semi-structured interviews with university professors and their children, who made international exchange, studied in bilingual school or in language-free courses. The results showed that the internationalization of studies is considered an educational strategy and in the analysis it was identified that it brings advantages to those who can have access, the biggest challenge is to make it be used by the entire Brazilian population. Resumen: Este artículo trata de la internacionalización de estudios usada como estrategia educativa de familias de clases medias intelectualizadas de Campo Grande-MS. El objetivo es comprender si esas familias buscan una formación internacional. La teoría remite a Bourdieu, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas con docentes universitarios y sus hijos, que hicieron intercambio internacional, estudiaron en escuela bilingüe o en cursos libres de lenguas. Los resultados mostraron que la internacionalización de estudios es considerada una estrategia educativa y en el análisis se identificó que ella trae ventajas a quien puede tener acceso, el mayor desafío es hacer que pueda ser utilizada por toda la población brasileña.
A CRÍTICA DE NIETZSCHE À EDUCAÇÃO HISTÓRICA
Authors: Cordeiro Robson
Published: September 2019

O texto procura mostrar a crítica feita por Nietzsche à educação histórica no século XIX, destacando de que modo uma formação que promove uma consideração excessiva do passado é prejudicial para a vida. Para fundamentar a sua crítica, Nietzsche elabora uma precisa e articulada conexão entre diversos conceitos, que aparentemente se opõem e se excluem —, como por exemplo, memória e esquecimento, histórico e a-histórico, interior e exterior, conteúdo e forma — mas que em seu pensamento são mantidos em tensão e reunidos como o que configura o acontecer histórico (Geschichte). Esta articulação e conexão ele pensa profundamente ao analisar os três diferentes tipos de história(Historie) e as respectivas utilidades e desvantagens que cada uma proporciona para a vida. Além disso, o texto também procuramostrar a decisiva articulação entre as forças a-históricas e supra-históricas, pensadas por Nietzsche como antídotos contra a doença histórica.
Antioxidant Activity of Natural Compounds Supported on Mesoporous Silica
Authors: Guntero Vanina A. , Ferretti Cristián A. , Mancini Pedro M.E. , Kneeteman María N.
Published: September 2019

The preparation of new composites and their antioxidant properties are reported in this study. Eugenol, vanillin and cinnamaldehyde were supported on silica material, through a microwave assisted process. N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, XRD, SAXS, TEM, FTIR and XPS were used to characterize these materials. The results proved that these compounds were successfully anchored into the channels of mesoporous silica and that the ordered mesoporous structure of inorganic material was well preserved. The antioxidant activities of composites were evaluated by the phosphomolybdene method and results showed that they have a marked antioxidant activity better than free antioxidants.
Monitoring the Photodegradation of PVC Thin Films Containing Schiff Base Using FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Hassan Ali , Ahmed Dina S. , Noaman Riyadh , Yousif Emad
Published: September 2019

Metal complexes of Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Sn(II) containing Schiff base derivative (L) as a ligand (ML2) utilized as additives to avoid PVC films photodegradation during UV irradiation (λmax= 313 at a light intensity = 7.75 × 10-7 einstein dm-3 sec-1). Irradiation of PVC films with UV light due to changes in infrared spectra.
PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJOEIRO E A RELAÇÃO COM A CONDUTIVIDADE HIDRÁULICA SATURADA
Authors: Hara Anderson Takashi , Gonçalves Antônio Carlos Andrade , Maller André , Oliveira Jhonatan Monteiro de , Rezende Roberto
Published: September 2019

A condutividade hidráulica saturada é uma variável que está relacionada com diversas variáveis físico-hídricas do solo e, por sua vez, pode se apresentar como variável indicadora da qualidade física do desenvolvimento do feijoeiro. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a estrutura espacial da condutividade hidráulica saturada e a sua relação com a densidade do solo, a produção de grãos de feijão e seus componentes de produção. O experimento foi realizado em uma área de 134 m2, no campus experimental do departamento de agronomia da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, em Maringá-PR. Foi realizado o cultivo do feijoeiro, avaliando-se no final a produção e os seus componentes, em sequência, foram realizadas medidas de condutividade hidráulica saturada e da densidade do solo nas 181 posições de amostragem. Todas as variáveis analisadas, com exceção do número de vagens, apresentaram estrutura de dependência espacial. A densidade do solo e a produção de grãos são correlacionadas espacialmente com a condutividade hidráulica saturada.
Whose turn is it? Where Gypsy’s finale came from, and where it went
Authors: Magee Jeffrey
Published: September 2019

Previously untapped primary sources and recent interviews with key members of Gypsy’s creative team allow for a more nuanced understanding of the creation and long-lasting impact of the show’s finale, ‘Rose’s Turn’. In 2010, when Stephen Sondheim described the number’s creation as ‘the high point of my theatrical life’, he signalled an unusually central role for the credited lyricist, but sources also point to a complex and intensive collaboration among many creators across a year leading up to the show’s opening. Moreover, manuscript sources and video-recorded performances show how book writer Arthur Laurents continued to adjust the number’s staging and surrounding dialogue in subsequent productions that he directed. Meanwhile, grasping Sondheim’s role helps to throw into relief how he himself applied the lessons of ‘Rose’s Turn’ to the denouements of his later shows where major characters discover self-knowledge, rather than romantic confirmation, in the finale. From this perspective, ‘Rose’s Turn’ may be construed as offering a paradigm shift that resonated on Broadway for at least five decades.
‘Give me time’: Sondheim, a clever maid and ‘The Miller’s Son’
Authors: Kowalke Kim H.
Published: September 2019

Sondheim claimed that ‘The Miller’s Son’ ‘sums up’ A Little Night Music. It occupies the 11 o’clock slot, yet it seems to have no plot function. It is sung by a secondary character, the flirtatious maid Petra, less to herself than directly to the audience. Normally such an ‘I am/I want’ song would introduce a character, but it is Petra’s valedictory and her only solo number. It contains one of just two vocal passages in the show set in duple metre and the only number begging to be ‘belted’. To save the song from being cut in Boston, Sondheim insisted that the role be recast. Yet he has said little about the number. Although Sondheim made the maid the mistress of his show by empowering her to voice its theme, might not its poetic complexity, rhetorical cleverness and spiralling trajectory recommend it as one of his brilliant but ‘wrong’ songs?
A conversation with John Doyle about the musicals of Stephen Sondheim
Authors: Wolf Stacy , Doyle John
Published: September 2019

On 13 March 2017, in the Matthews Acting Studio at 185 Nassau St at Princeton University, John Doyle, who teaches at Princeton, did a public interview with professor of theatre Stacy Wolf about his work on Sondheim’s musicals. This is an edited transcript of that conversation.1 In the interview, Doyle talks about how he developed the technique of actor–musicianship and the directing process for several of Sondheim’s musicals. Doyle was among the first directors to reinvent Sondheim’s musicals.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: September 2019
Authors: Ho Edith Y.
Published: September 2019

Article Title: Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Practical Path to Transitioning from Pediatric to Adult Care
Continuing Medical Education Questions: September 2019
Authors: Shafi Mehnaz A.
Published: September 2019

Article Title: Endoscopic Bariatric Therapy: A Guide to the Intragastric Balloon
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis Masquerading as Small Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Al-Taee Ahmad , Ahmed Zarir , Dhedhi Adam , Giacaman Mike
Published: September 2019

Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is an uncommon, but increasingly recognized, cause of intestinal ischemia. Presenting signs and symptoms are nonspecific, and diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. We present the case of a 33-year-old woman who was transferred to our hospital for the management of a jejunal bezoar resulting in small bowel obstruction. She was found to have MVT that was complicated by intestinal infarction and perforation. This case emphasizes the need to consider MVT in the differential diagnosis of small bowel obstruction, as earlier diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve outcomes.
La reestatización de un servicio esencial en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires. El caso de la empresa agua y saneamientos argentinos S.A. (AYSA) (2006–2018)
Authors: Rocca Mariela V.
Published: September 2019

Transcurridos más de diez años de la creación de Aguas y Saneamientos Argentinos S.A. (AySA), este trabajo analiza la reestatización del servicio de agua potable y saneamiento del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, a partir de estudiar el desempeño empresario desde 2006. ¿Qué características adoptó la gestión estatal del servicio? ¿Cómo se compatibilizó el concepto de eficiencia empresarial con el deber de garantizar el acceso a un servicio esencial? Una primera aproximación parece mostrar que la gestión estatal privilegió el mantenimiento y expansión de los servicios por sobre los resultados económicos de la compañía. Considerando el cambio político producido en diciembre de 2015, se abordan también las continuidades y rupturas con el período anterior. El análisis desarrollado se nutre de la integración de datos e información provenientes de documentos, legislación y estadísticas oficiales, informes y balances empresarios, artículos periodísticos y entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes clave. Mediante este trabajo se procura aportar evidencia empírica sobre cómo funciona la participación estatal empresaria en un servicio esencial.
Locations of Lagrangian points and periodic orbits around triangular points in the photo gravitational elliptic restricted three-body problem with oblateness
Authors: Johnson Ancy , Krishan Sharma Ram
Published: September 2019

Locations of the Lagrangian points are computed and periodic orbits are studied around the triangular points in the photogravitational elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) by considering the more massive primary as the source of radiation and smaller primary as an oblate spheroid. A new mean motion taken from Sharma et al. [13] is used to study the effect of radiation pressure and oblateness of the primaries. The critical mass parameter Â that bifurcates periodic orbits from non-periodic orbits tends to reduce with radiation pressure and oblateness. The transition curves defining stable region of orbits are drawn for different values of radiation pressure and oblateness using the analytical method of Bennet [14]. Tadpole orbits with long- and short- periodic oscillations are obtained for Sun-Jupiter and Sun-Saturn systems.Â Â
Efficient Digital System Management using IEEE 1451.0 Enabled Control Architecture
Authors: Kamala J. , Umamaheswari B. , Jaibalaganesh T.
Published: September 2019

The IEEE and National Institute of Standards and Technology have formulated an open universal standard called IEEE 1451 for ‘Smart Transducer Interface’ with digital systems. The objectives of this paper is to propose IEEE 21450 enabled control architectures for efficient management of power system with embedded system parameters as electronic documentation. The control architecture accommodates appropriate number of transducer interface module along with transducer electronic data sheet, which enables active calibration, adaptive tuning and failure proof operation of system management.
Ergonomic Assessment of Multi Calibre Individual Weapon System in Virtual Reality Platform
Authors: Chatterjee Tirthankar , Bhattacharyya Debojyoti , Majumdar Deepti , Pal Madhusudan
Published: September 2019

The primary objective of the study was to assess the compatibility of multi calibre individual weapon system (MCIWS) with the shorter, medium and larger individual users of Indian Army. Three dynamic digital human models (DHM) 5thp, 50thp, 95thp army pooled (AP) population were considered to accommodate wide range (more than 90 per cent) of the army population for ergonomic analysis of the weapon system with the help of digital human modelling software Jack. Solid model of MCIWS which was in Parasolid file format X_T (*.x_t) was imported into NX5 (solid model design software) and subsequently converted to JT (*.jt) format. This solid model was later translated into Jack 5.0.1 environment. Standing, squatting and crawling with the weapon were adopted for the study. Angular deviations of important joints, posture prediction using OWAS, and comfort discomfort assessment using Dreyfus 3D method were carried out in the study. The result of the study revealed that the operation in squatting and crawling conditions may increase postural load on neck, shoulder and upper arm. The pistol grip size, shape and contour are acceptable for the taller population. Removal of corrugated gripping surface, reduction of grip diameter and space adjustment for gloves use will be effective for optimal use. The position and size of fore grip seemed suitable for the taller users. Sight system could be accessed by all three user populations. It is advised to avoid holding the weapon for long duration with hands to prevent overuse injury or undue fatigue.
A importância das revisões sistemáticas para a prática clínica em Endodontia
Authors: Decurcio Daniel de Almeida
Published: September 2019

"A prática clínica baseada em evidências científicas nunca foi tão citada quanto nos dias de hoje. Frequentemente, assistimos colegas assumirem essa postura em congressos, cursos, aulas ou mesmo nas mídias sociais, perigosamente utilizadas como plataforma de ensino/aprendizagem e estabelecimento de condutas, muitas vezes definidas pela quantidade de seguidores e likes angariados. Mas esse entendimento vai além do discurso conveniente, sob o pretexto de valorizar intencionalmente algo ou de respaldar conceitos práticos frágeis. Será que realmente sabemos o que significa pautar as atividades clínicas em evidências científicas?" [...]
Impacto de um novo software de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico nas tomadas de decisões clínicas em Endodontia
Authors: Bueno Mike R. , Estrela Carlos
Published: September 2019

As conquistas incorporadas à Endodontia em decorrência das novas tecnologias de informação permitiram avanços que impactaram no êxito clínico e no prognóstico. Essas novas aquisições influenciaram o mundo contemporâneo, que presencia uma profunda mudança proporcionada pela velocidade e qualidade das informações, economia de investimento e tempo, assim beneficiando a área da saúde. Uma revolução do pensamento e modo de viver contemporâneo que se experimenta nos dias atuais é a biotecnologia. O impacto da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico na Endodontia foi capaz de superar várias limitações das radiografias periapicais, como a eliminação das sobreposições, a extraordinária possibilidade de navegação pela imagem, a qualidade das imagens em alta resolução e contraste, entre outras. Esse estudo objetiva apresentar algumas características de um novo software de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico chamado de e-Vol DX, capaz de impactar nas tomadas de decisões clínicas em Endodontia. O software de TCFC e-Vol DX se constitui em um recurso imprescindível na obtenção de imagens de alta qualidade. Vários filtros, com diferentes propriedades, foram desenvolvidos e incorporados, como o filtro BAR, que permite a redução de artefatos de contraste do branco, entre outros. Essa ferramenta é efetiva em tomadas de decisões clínicas para a execução do protocolo terapêutico de casos endodônticos complexos.
Estudo da anatomia de pré-molares inferiores por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico
Authors: Endo Marcos Sergio , Mazuquini Amanda Carolina , Capitanio Marcelo , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni , Martins Ana Beatriz Tozzo , Pavan Nair Narumi Orita
Published: September 2019

Introdução: os pré-molares inferiores representam um desafio no tratamento endodôntico, devido às suas variações anatômicas. Assim, emprega-se a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) para o estudo detalhado da anatomia dentária. Objetivo: avaliar, por meio da TCFC, a anatomia dentária de pré-molares inferiores. Métodos: a amostra incluiu imagens de TCFC, nos cortes coronal, sagital e axial, de 200 pré-molares inferiores. O número de raízes, canais e a configuração, de acordo com Vertucci, foram analisados. As variáveis foram associadas e comparadas, a um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: a configuração do tipo I predominou em ambos os sexos, masculino e feminino, e nos primeiros e segundos pré-molares. Contudo, o teste exato de Fisher apontou que não foi possível confirmar uma associação entre os sexos e a conformação dos canais de acordo com a classificação de Vertucci. Por meio do teste Mann-Whitney, houve evidências amostrais de que o número de raízes (p = 0,04) e de canais (p = 0,01) difere entre os sexos. Em 62% dos primeiros pré-molares e 92% dos segundos pré-molares, foi observada a presença de uma raiz e um canal. O teste de Friedman indicou que o número de raízes e canais também diferiu entre os tipos de dentes (p = 0,02). Conclusões: a TCFC possibilitou a análise, de maneira eficaz e não invasiva, da morfologia dentária, verificando-se que o tipo I foi o mais frequente em ambos os sexos e nos primeiros e segundos pré-molares. Foi possível verificar que o número de raízes e canais difere significativamente tanto entre os sexos quanto entre os tipos de dentes.
Análise dos sintomas de distúrbios osteomusculares em endodontistas, relacionados à técnica de instrumentação dos canais radiculares
Authors: Martins Beatriz de Souza da Silva Zamboni , Cimardi Ana Cláudia Baladelli Silva , Fernandes Renata , Victorino Fausto Rodrigo
Published: September 2019

Introdução: a prática da Endodontia exige do profissional longas sessões clínicas e movimentos repetitivos na execução de manobras que exigem esforço excessivo e, muitas vezes, manutenção de postura inadequada, fatores que contribuem de forma significativa para o surgimento de sintomas dolorosos relacionados a distúrbios osteomusculares referentes ao trabalho (DORTs). Métodos: o presente estudo consistiu na aplicação de um instrumento de coleta de dados — que constou de dois questionários compostos por questões abertas, fechadas e mistas — em vinte e cinco profissionais da Odontologia com especialidade de Endodontia do município de Maringá/ PR. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente com o auxílio do software Statistica 8.0 e realizado o teste Exato de Fisher. Resultados: as regiões relatadas com presença de dor foram: região lombar, pescoço, braços e ombros. Os profissionais que usavam somente instrumentação rotatória não relataram dor nos braços, cotovelos, punho / dedo / mão e quadril; porém, todos apresentaram dor na região lombar e no pescoço. Entre os que utilizam somente instrumentação manual, todos afirmaram sentir dor nos locais apresentados, principalmente na região dorsal e lombar. Conclusão: o presente estudo sugere que os endodontistas estão expostos a fatores de risco em adquirir algum tipo de LER/DORT, estando diretamente associado à atividade profissional e, também, à técnica de instrumentação utilizada, sendo que as regiões mais acometidas estão relacionadas com a rotação do corpo durante o procedimento e de posturas inadequadas.
Uso do guia endodôntico para resolução de canais calcificados: relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Erick Ely Gomes de , Pinheiro Thiago Pastor , Miyahara Ligia Akiko Ninokata , Maneschy Antônio Guilherme Faria , Pontes Helder Antônio Rebelo , Khayat Alessandra Iamanouth
Published: September 2019

Introdução: a ciência endodôntica tem como objetivo a manutenção do elemento dentário em função no sistema estomatognático, por meio de procedimentos de sanificação, modelagem e obturação dos condutos radiculares. Porém, o sucesso do tratamento pode estar comprometido devido à presença de obliterações parciais ou totais da cavidade pulpar, que dificultam ou, até mesmo, impedem o procedimento. Recentemente, os avanços tecnológicos possibilitaram a transposição dessas barreiras com a confecção de um guia que permite o acesso retilíneo e direciona ao forame apical do canal obliterado. Métodos: o presente estudo descreve o uso do guia endodôntico em um paciente do sexo masculino, de 54 anos de idade, diagnosticado com necrose pulpar no elemento #14, com obliteração do conduto palatino. Resultados: o sucesso do tratamento pôde ser observado após seis meses de controle radiográfico e ausência de sintomatologia. Conclusões: o tratamento endodôntico de canais calcificados por meio da Endodontia guiada demonstrou ser uma abordagem clinicamente viável para localizar canais radiculares obliterados e prevenir acidentes e complicações nos dentes que não podem ser acessados de forma previsível por meio da terapia endodôntica tradicional.
Apicificação em dente desvitalizado com rizogênese incompleta, associando hidróxido de cálcio e agregado trióxido mineral: relato de caso
Authors: Tonelli Stéphanie Quadros , Pereira Rodrigo Dantas , Brito-Júnior Manoel , Silveira Frank Ferreira
Published: September 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever o manejo de um caso clínico de dente com rizogênese incompleta e necrose pulpar, em um paciente do sexo masculino, 13 anos de idade, com histórico de traumatismo dentário nos incisivos centrais superiores. Após diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico, com confirmação de necrose pulpar, os dentes foram submetidos ao procedimento de apicogênese com hidróxido de cálcio e posterior apicificação com agregado trióxido mineral (MTA)e obturação dos canais radiculares com guta-percha. Após acompanhamento de 20 meses, observou-se supressão da sintomatologia dolorosa, ausência de comprometimento periodontal e, radiograficamente, redução da lesão periapical. Aos 60 meses, foi observada manutenção da saúde periodontal e completa cicatrização da lesão periapical.
On the asymptotic covariance of the multivariate empirical copula process
Authors: Genest Christian , Mesfioui Mhamed , Nešlehová Johanna G.
Published: September 2019

Genest and Segers (2010) gave conditions under which the empirical copula process associated with a random sample from a bivariate continuous distribution has a smaller asymptotic covariance than the standard empirical process based on a random sample from the underlying copula. An extension of this result to the multivariate case is provided.
Shoulder Flexion Torque Is Augmented by a Volitional Abdominal Isometric Contraction
Authors: Cacolice Paul A. , Carcia Christopher R. , Scibek Jason S.
Published: September 2019

Cacolice, PA, Carcia, CR, and Scibek, JS. Shoulder flexion torque is augmented by a volitional abdominal isometric contraction. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 920–923, 2021—A stable core provides a solid base to facilitate effective extremity function. It is unclear whether an individual is able to produce a greater amount of upper extremity torque while performing a volitional core contraction when compared with the independent contraction that occurs subconsciously. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether peak shoulder flexion torque values were different with and without a concurrent volitional core isometric contraction. Thirty healthy, recreationally active college-aged students participated. Surface electromyography from the rectus abdominis (RA) was captured using a telemetry system interfaced with a software acquisition system and personal computer. In a counterbalanced alternating order, subjects completed 3 trials of maximal isometric shoulder flexion at 90° with and without a volitional abdominal contraction. Percent activation of the RA was greater when subjects volitionally contracted their core (15.8 ± 12.7%) compared with the subconscious contracted condition (6.3 ± 4.8%) (p ≤ 0.001). Isometric shoulder flexion peak torque was greater when the core was actively contracted (44.6 ± 18.9 N × m) compared with when the core was recruited subconsciously (30.7 ± 15.7 N × m) (p ≤ 0.001). These findings suggest the clinician should encourage the individual to activate their core musculature when performing upper extremity strength activities.
Squat and Bench Press Force-Velocity Profiling in Male and Female Adolescent Rugby Players
Authors: Alonso-Aubin Diego A. , Chulvi-Medrano Iván , Cortell-Tormo Juan M. , Picón-Martínez Moisés , Rial Rebullido Tamara , Faigenbaum Avery D.
Published: September 2019

Alonso-Aubin, DA, Chulvi-Medrano, I, Cortell-Tormo, JM, Picón-Martínez, M, Rial-Rebullido, T, and Faigenbaum, AD. Squat and bench press force-velocity profiling in male and female adolescent rugby players. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S44–S50, 2021—Power development is critical for enhancing rugby performance because there is a close relationship between power and sport-specific skills. The aim of this study was to examine the force-velocity profiling generated by adolescent rugby players in the squat and bench press exercises and to compare sex-related differences. Subjects were 46 men (age: 14.48 ± 1.31 years; body height: 1.65 ± 0.09 m; and body mass: 58.07 ± 13.01 kg) and 41 women (age: 14.93 ± 2.76 years; body height: 1.63 ± 0.12 m; and body mass: 59.23 ± 12.66 kg) who were recruited from a national amateur rugby league team. Maximal strength, power, and velocity were assessed on the squat and bench press exercises using a Smith Machine and a linear power transducer with intensities ranging from 40 to 80% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) on the squat and 50–80% 1RM on the bench press. 1 repetition maximum squat and bench press performance were 104.26 ± 30.83 and 46.97 ± 13.59 kg, respectively, for men and 115.17 ± 41.42 and 45.85 ± 16.71 kg, respectively, for women. The maximum squat power results for men and women were 521.91 ± 298.75 and 591.26 ± 352.69 W, respectively, and the maximum bench press power results for men and women were 190.26 ± 150.54 and 326.16 ± 195.57 W, respectively. Significant sex-related differences (p < 0.001) were found on the squat exercise for maximum (40%), mean (40–50%), and time to maximum velocities (40–80%) as well as time to maximum power (80%). On the bench press exercise, significant sex-related differences (p < 0.001) were found for power and time to maximum velocity (40%-60%-70%-80%). These results may aid in the design of strength and conditioning programs for adolescent rugby players by targeting training prescriptions toward enhancing strength or velocity.
Training Prescription Guided by Heart Rate Variability Vs. Block Periodization in Well-Trained Cyclists
Authors: Javaloyes Alejandro , Sarabia Jose M. , Lamberts Robert P. , Plews Daniel , Moya-Ramon Manuel
Published: September 2019

Javaloyes, A, Sarabia, JM, Lamberts, RP, Plews, D, and Moya-Ramon, M. Training prescription guided by heart rate variability vs. block periodization in well-trained cyclists. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1511–1518, 2020—Predefined training programs are common place when prescribing training. Within predefined training, block periodization (BP) has emerged as a popular methodology because of its benefits. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been proposed as an effective tool for prescribing training. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of HRV-guided training against BP in road cycling. Twenty well-trained cyclists participated in this study. After a preliminary baseline period to establish their resting HRV, cyclists were divided into 2 groups: an HRV-guided group and a BP group, and they completed 8 training weeks. Cyclists completed 3 evaluations weeks, before and after each period. During the evaluation weeks, cyclists performed: (a) a graded exercise test to assess V̇o
2max, peak power output (PPO), and ventilatory thresholds with their corresponding power output (VT1, VT2, WVT1, and WVT2, respectively) and (b) a 40-minute simulated time-trial (40 TT). The HRV-guided group improved V̇o
2max (p = 0.03), PPO (p = 0.01), WVT2 (p = 0.02), WVT1 (p = 0.01), and 40 TT (p = 0.04). The BP group improved WVT2 (p = 0.02). Between-group fitness and performance were similar after the study. The HRV-guided training could lead to a better timing in training prescription than BP in road cycling.
Pedal to the Metal: Velocity and Power in High-Level Golfers
Authors: Parker James , Lundgren Lina E.
Published: September 2019

Parker, J, and Lundgren, LE. Pedal to the metal: Velocity and power in high-level golfers. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3425–3431, 2021—In most rotational power assessments, discrete variables are used for subsequent examination; however, movements are continuous, and data can be collected in time series. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the velocity- and power-time series characteristics of a standing rotation test and identify relationships with golf performance. Thirty-one golfers performed a golf-specific rotation test (GSRT) with 3 different resistances (6, 10, and 14 kg) in a robotic engine system. Time series of velocity and power was calculated from the raw data, and each repetition was then normalized to 0–100%. Principal component analyses (PCAs) were performed on velocity and power waveforms. The PCA used an eigenvalue analysis of the data covariance matrix. The relationship between clubhead speed (CHS) and all principal components (PC) was examined using linear regression. Ten velocity parameters and 6 power parameters explained 80% of the variance in the data. For velocity, the first 2 PCs identified both magnitude and phase shift features while PCs 3–5 identified difference features. For power, the first 2 PCs identified both magnitude and phase shift features, the third PC identified a phase shift feature, and the fourth PC identified a difference feature. The highest relationship with CHS was shown for GSRT with 14 kg in PC2 for power (R
2 = 0.48, p < 0.001). The PCA of the GSRT power test could distinguish intraindividual differences, external loads, and sex-based differences. Athletes should focus on accelerating smoothly through the movement, particularly with heavier loads, and not pulling aggressively at the beginning of the rotational movement to achieve maximum power.
DrosophilaTau Negatively Regulates Translation and Olfactory Long-Term Memory, But Facilitates Footshock Habituation and Cytoskeletal Homeostasis
Authors: Papanikolopoulou Katerina , Roussou Ilianna G. , Gouzi Jean Y. , Samiotaki Martina , Panayotou George , Turin Luca , Skoulakis Efthimios M.C.
Published: September 2019

Although the involvement of pathological tau in neurodegenerative dementias is indisputable, its physiological roles have remained elusive in part because its abrogation has been reported without overt phenotypes in mice andDrosophila. This was addressed using the recently describedDrosophila tauKOand Mi{MIC} mutants and focused on molecular and behavioral analyses. Initially, we show thatDrosophilatau (dTau) loss precipitates dynamic cytoskeletal changes in the adultDrosophilaCNS and translation upregulation. Significantly, we demonstrate for the first time distinct roles for dTau in adult mushroom body (MB)-dependent neuroplasticity as its downregulation within α′β′neurons impairs habituation. In accord with its negative regulation of translation, dTau loss specifically enhances protein synthesis-dependent long-term memory (PSD-LTM), but not anesthesia-resistant memory. In contrast, elevation of the protein in the MBs yielded premature habituation and depressed PSD-LTM. Therefore, tau loss inDrosophiladynamically alters brain cytoskeletal dynamics and profoundly affects neuronal proteostasis and plasticity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe demonstrate that despite modest sequence divergence, theDrosophilatau (dTau) is a true vertebrate tau ortholog as it interacts with the neuronal microtubule and actin cytoskeleton. Novel physiological roles for dTau in regulation of translation, long-term memory, and footshock habituation are also revealed. These emerging insights on tau physiological functions are invaluable for understanding the molecular pathways and processes perturbed in tauopathies.