bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of COVID-19 mortality in Morocco: A retrospective cohort study (Preprint)
Authors: Ezzine Hind , El Amrani Khalid , Addahbi Mounia , Merabet Mouad , Khoudri Ibtissam , Berraho Mohammed Amine , Youbi Mohammed
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Since reporting the first Sars-cov-2 infection cases in China, a national monitoring and response plan was developed and implemented in Morocco. The first COVID-19 case was detected in Morocco on 03/02/2020 and a several response measures were implemented. The scientific advisory committee set up therapeutic protocols for managing COVID-19 cases on 03/21/2020 that were used to treat all patients in public and private hospitals.

OBJECTIVE

To research associated factors with COVID-19 mortality in Morocco before and after the protocols adoption.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study. We used the COVID-19 national epidemiological surveillance database, from March 2 to May 10. We focused only on confirmed cases of COVID-19, defined as any person with RT-PCR positive SARS-CoV-2. Two periods were defined according to the therapeutic protocols implementation in Morocco. The dependent variable was the outcome of COVID-19 patients. A logistic regression, using the Epi-info software (V 7.2), was performed to explain the outcome by the different explanatory variables: gender, age, comorbidities, clinical status at admission. The adjusted Odds Ratio for all variables used in the model were presented with their 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS

From March 02 to May 10, Morocco registered 6072 cases of COVID-19; 14.1% (855) were registered before the therapeutic protocol implementation and 85.9% (5217) after. 56.1% (3409) patients were male, 91.4% (5449) were under the age of 65, only 2.7% (95) were admitted at a critical or severe clinical stage and 6.0% (366) had one or more comorbidities.
The case fatality rate was 3.14% (191). Male gender (ORa=1.61; 95%CI: 1.01-2.58), age >65 years (ORa=4.69; 95%CI: 2.87-7.67), critical or severe status at admission (ORa=19.55; 95%CI: 11.12-34.38) and the presence of comorbidity (ORa=3.33; 95%CI: 2.00-5.53) were associated with death. The death risk after the protocols implementation was lower (ORa=0.22; 95%CI: 0.14-0.35).

CONCLUSIONS

To reduce mortality risk, the therapeutic protocols and early COVID-19 detection should be maintained to avoid severe forms, especially in the elderly and subjects with comorbidity.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
BROWNIES FROM MANGROVE FRUIT FLOUR: THE USE OF VARIATION OF FLOURS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO HIGH FOOD NUTRITION
Authors: Sumartini Sumartini , Harahap Kurnia Sada , Mujiyanti Apri
Published: January 2021

Brownies is a popular high-calorie snack.  In this studied, brownies were processed from several types of flour, namely pedada fruit (Sonneratia caseolaris) flour, api-api (Avicennia officinalis) flour, red bean flour, and modified cassava flour with nutritional value and health benefits compared to the commercial ones (from wheat flour).  The purpose of this studied was to determine the used of a variety of superior flours as raw material for making brownies in terms of nutritional value and leveled of preference.  The experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with test parameters including the leveled of preference, caloric value, fiber, and proximate composition.  The results of the studied were tested for variance using spss version 22 software with a 95% confidence interval.  The results showed that the best results were brownies made from pedada fruit flour because they had higher fiber and lowered calories with test scores for calorie content, crude fiber, air content, fat content, protein content, ash content, carbohydrate content respectively.  401. 87 kcal each; 16.49%; 18.32%; 21.7%; 4.03%; 1.44%; and 54.64%.
OLIGO-GLUCOMANNAN PRODUCTION FROM PORANG (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) GLUCOMANNAN BY ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS USING β-MANNANASE
Authors: Anggela Anggela , Setyaningsih Widiastuti , Wichienchot Santad , Harmayani Eni
Published: January 2021

Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) is an indigenous tuber of Indonesia that rich in glucomannan. An alternative approach to produce porang oligo-glucomannan (POG) as prebiotic from porang glucomannan (PGM) was made by enzymatic hydrolysis using β-mannanase. This study aimed to  produce POG under optimal conditions by controlled enzymatic hydrolysis process. The PGM flour contained 96.12% of indigestible carbohydrates. The optimum condition of enzymatic hydrolysis producing the highest reducing sugar was as follows: temperature 37°C, pH 5.5, a ratio of enzyme to the substrate (E/S) 1:1000, and reaction time 4 h. HPLC analysis confirmed that 99.45% of the resulting POG consisted of oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization (DP) 3. Hence, the PGM utilized in this study has been proven as a potential substrate for POG production. Additionally, the resulting POG was considered as a functional ingredient due to has prebiotic potential.
BIOANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ENTRECTINIB IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY–TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: KE PRAVALLIKA , RANI A PRAMEELA , KUMAR M RATNA
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop and validate the bioanalytical liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) method for the estimation of entrectinib in bulk and pharmaceutical drugs in rat plasma.

Methods: Chromatographic separation of entrectinib with D4-entrectinib as internal standard (IS) was achieved using Waters Alliance high-performance liquid chromatography system, quaternary gradient pump of e2695, using Luna, 250×4.6 mm, 5 μm column and the mobile phase containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile (ACN) within the ratio of 70:30% v/v. The flow was 1.0 ml/min; detection was carried out by absorption at 294 nm using a photodiode array detector at ambient temperature.

Results: The peak of entrectinib was eluted at retention times of 5.225 min. The multiple reaction monitoring was 560.6/475.1 (m/z) for entrectinib and 580.6/496.3 (m/z) for IS entrectinib (D4). The linearity range was 1–20 ng/ml with a regression coefficient of 0.999. % relative standard deviation of peak areas of all measurements always <2.0.

Conclusion: The method was successfully validated and it had been found to be within limits for accuracy, precision, and linearity and it is stable under analytical conditions used.
NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS FOR IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS: A REVIEW
Authors: DUDHAT KIRAN R , V PATEL HARSHA
Published: January 2021

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the model of a substantial and heterogeneous gathering of pneumonic issues, mostly constant and dynamic, normally known as interstitial lung disease. In the course of the most recent couple of decades, IPF has been progressively perceived as a noteworthy neglected therapeutic need in respiratory pharmaceutical and has turned into the focal point of exceptional research action. This is because of the ways that IPF frequency is expanding around the world, with rates (and sadly forecast) that are fundamentally the same as those of numerous types of growth. Clinical research on IPF has been gigantically progressing, coming full circle in the current revelation of two sheltered and compelling medications, now at long last made accessible to patients. Ordinary treatment for lung disease is related to the absence of specificity and access to the typical cells bringing about cytotoxicity, lessened cell take-up, tranquilize obstruction, and quick medication freedom from the body. The rise of nanotechnology has reformed the treatment of lung diseases like IPF. The focal point of nanotechnology is to target abnormal alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) with enhanced bioavailability and diminished poisonous quality. Nanoparticulates have the potential for IPF treatment by increasing particular access to the abnormal AECs because of surface modifiability and littler size. This audit article additionally features the attributes, ongoing advances in the planning of NPs, and helpful results.
BLOODSTREAM INFECTION WITH OLIGELLA UREOLYTICA IN INFANT: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: B APOORVA , KHAN ZARINE , SARWAT TARANA
Published: January 2021

Oligella ureolytica is rarely involved as human pathogen but it is emerging as pathogenic bacteria. It is not commonly recovered from clinical specimens but when recovered, it is mostly from urinary and respiratory tract specimens as commensal organisms, but hardly from blood samples. We present here a case of O. ureolytica related bacteremia in a 1-month-old infant as a pure culture and we review the literature of previously reported cases of Oligella infections.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON ENHANCED TRANSMISSION AND EFFECTS OF SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS-2: AN INDIAN SCENARIO
Authors: PRASHANTH KOTTHAPALLI , K SUMANA , M PATIL SHASHANK , RAMU RAMITH
Published: January 2021

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in Wuhan city of China has taken the entire world to an appalling situation with its detrimental effects on the mankind. Due to the facts on epidemiological and clinical features, it has become evident that the virus comprises several evolutionary factors that enhance its transmissibility and infection. In the absence of specific treatment options, many of the countries have implemented the confinement at varying levels and restrictions to control further infection. In the context, impact of confinement has affected different sectors including economy, social life, environment, health, and education, By virtue of the interrelated mechanism of functioning, these sectors have been ineffective, which, in turn, has affected the normal human lifestyle. This review emphasizes on such social sectors of India, where public life has been facing detrimental effects. It also highlights the facts that are responsible for the enhanced transmission of the virus. The review was initiated with a literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Web of Science, where related keywords were used to collect 259 studies, and 82 of them were finalized based on relevance and information within. It was completed with equal contributions from all the authors in terms of preparing the manuscript.
GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS
Authors: MANDAL GUNJAN KUMAR , BHATT SANJAY
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of several metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and raised triglyceride level in serum, hypertension, and abdominal obesity. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is used as one of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes and diagnostic tool for MetS.

Methods: The present study was conducted at Prasad Institute of Medical Sciences. The study includes 150 patients with MetS as a case and 150 healthy volunteers as a control. MetS was diagnosed according to National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. HbA1c was assayed in various components of MetS.

Results: It was found that HbA1c was significantly higher in MetS patients when compared to control group.

Conclusion: Our study suggests that HbA1c might be used as a diagnostic criterion for MetS. Therefore, proper glycemic control should be maintained by maintaining HbA1c level <6.5% to prevent from diabetes and MetS.
AN OVERVIEW ON TUBULARCULOSIS TREATMENT IN CURRENT SCENARIO
Authors: BUDHORI AMIT , TIWARI ABHISHEK , TIWARI VARSHA , KUMAR MANISH
Published: January 2021

The causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which mainly infects lungs and causes severe, fever, weight loss, chest pain, etc. It is an extremely transmittable disease spreaded throughout the world as per the WHO. It has emerged as new threat and drug resistance strains of Mycobacterium are emerging throws a challenge to human’s health like Covid-19 in current scenario. TB is now come in the form of bone TB, which is very difficult to diagnosis due to very slow-growing characteristics of Mycobacterium. This review highlights the history, drug development, current treatment both allopathic and Ayurvedic, as well as novel drugs available for the treatment of drug resistance Mycobacterium.
A REVIEW ON GLOBAL TRENDS IN HEART FAILURE AND EVOLUTION OF ANGIOTENSIN–NEPRILYSIN INHIBITOR
Authors: UPPARA VEERENDRA , KODIVANDLA SAISEKHAR , ALI SHAIK ASHIK
Published: January 2021

Heart failure (HF) is a major global public health problem irrespective of its causes. It generates an enormous clinical, societal, and economic, health loss burden with an increase in its prevalence reaching an epidemic proportion. The morbidity and mortality associated with heart failure are increasing the health-related burdens worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This review highlights the trends in HF burden, the clinical spectrum of HF, and the importance of neurohormonal pathways and the evolution of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition in HF with updated clinical practice guidelines.
HOSPITAL-BASED CLINICAL STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF TPO ANTIBODIES IN ASSOCIATION TO AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASES IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: SINGH JASJOT , PRABHAKAR PRANAV KUMAR , NEUPANE NURAKANT
Published: January 2021

Objective: Autoimmune thyroid disease is one of the organs specific autoimmune disorders. The onset is much more common in women than in men. Worldwide, 2–4% of women and only 1% of men have affected and the rate increases with age. Thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibodies (Abs) level helps to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease along with levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Free Tri-iodotyrosine (Free T3), and Free Thyroxin(Free T4) and it helps in differentiation between subclinical and overt thyroidism. The core objective of clinical study was to evaluate prevalence of anti-TPO Abs in association to autoimmune thyroid disease in a tertiary care hospital – Punjab.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of random patient (n=200 patients) at a tertiary care hospital, Mohall – Punjab was carried out. All the patients fall in the age group 12–89 years. The parameters, which were used for the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease, were anti-TPO level, Free T3 level, and Free T4 level. The patients were divided in different group on the basis of their age, gender, and their clinical conditions. The level of TPO Abs, TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 was noted for each patient. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for determination of TPO Abs and other thyroid parameters. After a period of 16 weeks, subjects from different groups had great difference in their anti-TPO values in the autoimmune thyroid disease.

Results: TPO Abs positive is one of the most common associated with hypothyroidism which was 36.5%, among them 20.5% suffered from subclinical hypothyroidism, whereas other remaining suffered from clinical hypothyroidism, clinical hyperthyroidism, and other autoimmune disease.

Conclusion: TPO Abs level helps to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease, along with this the level of TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 helps in differentiation between subclinical and overt thyroidism.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE, AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS COVID-19 IN NORTH EASTERN STATES OF INDIA: AN ONLINE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: SRIVASTAVA AMIT , BALA RENU , SHIL RATAN CHANDRA , SHAW PRABIN KUMAR , KARSO LIYI , BHAUMIK HIMADRI , TAMANG SANTOSH KUMAR , BHATTACHARJEE BAIDURJYA , NATH TAPAN , CHAKMA ABHIJIT , SINHA PRASENJIT
Published: January 2021

Objective: The study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, practices, and perception (KAP) toward COVID-19 among the population of eight North Eastern (NE) states of India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study from June 30 to July 13, 2020 was carried out through a self-reported, structured questionnaire that was circulated online to participants of age group of 18 years or above. Convenient sampling was used to recruit respondents for the study.

Results: The study received responses from 8309 participants. Key findings revealed that most respondents had good knowledge of preventive measures and common symptoms of COVID-19. The majority of the respondents showed a good attitude and adopted preventive practices. The mean score of knowledge was 7.137, attitude was 16.132, practice was 9.379, and perception was 13.583. The scores of four KAP categories significantly differed across most of the demographic variables (p<0.001). The majority of people took homoeopathic medicine as prophylaxis for immune booster.

Conclusion: The study highlights that the focus on behavioral change communication in all the NE states could be strengthened, especially in rural areas. Advocacy based on the comprehensive list of symptoms for COVID-19 may also be bolstered. There is scope for strategically promoting knowledge, immunity boosting, and self-care practices suggested in the AYUSH systems of medicine.
RELATION OF MEDICATION ADHERENCE TO THE INCIDENCE OF COMPLICATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: DARMADA PUTU DEWINTA , CATUR WULANDARI DEWI
Published: January 2021

Objective: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus continues to increase worldwide, followed by the incidence of complications, which ends up causing morbidity and mortality in patients. There were many factors related to the incidence of complications in diabetes mellitus. Patient’s adherence to their medication is considered to have an impact on the complications in diabetic patients.

Methods: The study was conducted on 68 patients with a cross-sectional method with consecutive sampling. Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Patients were interviewed using a demographic data questionnaire and medication adherence rating scale – 5 (MARS-5). Other data and diagnosis of complications were collected through medical records. The epidemiological analysis was carried out using the prevalence ratio.

Results: There were 47 (69.1%) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hospitalized due to complications, and 56 (82.4%) patients have poor adherence to treatment. There was a significant relationship between treatment adherence and the incidence of complications in diabetes mellitus patients with p = 0.001 and it was found that there was a risk of 3.14 times in patients who have poor adherence to be hospitalized due to complications.

Conclusion: Treatment adherence affects the incidence of complications in patients with T2DM.
Evaluación del bloque de tierra mediante un Estudio De Viabilidad Constructiva (EVC)
Authors: Romero-Girón Ana , Canivell Jacinto , Rodríguez-García María Reyes , González-Serrano Ana
Published: January 2021

Although earth block construction (EB) is supported by numerous scientific works, there is a lack of confidence in its constructive viability, aggravated by the lack of specific technical training. In view of this uncertainty, which is widespread in Spain, it is necessary to provide well-founded technical responses. This article, considering these aspects, presents the design and validation of a tool to assess the constructive viability of EB. For this purpose, 29 case studies are chosen in Spain, which establish the constructive use determinations and indicators to assess a degree of technical suitability. This parameter, as a result of the proposed tool, acts as a support for decision-making, the improvement of the design and, the efficiency of the solutions that use EB. It concludes by validating the tool, demonstrating its reliability and adaptability to any situation. Finally, the case analysis shows how the quality of the product combined with adverse external conditions, even with correct construction designs, defines a common situation where the degree of suitability of the solution is reduced. Therefore, it is also necessary to demand products with guarantees and prescriptions that ensure and offer sufficient technical safety.
Protein and Peptide Based Drug Delivery- A Review
Authors: P.V.Kamala Kumari  , M.Yamini  , Y.Srinivasa Rao  , S. Satya Lakshmi
Published: January 2021

Biologics include vaccines, recombinant proteins, genes, synthetic tissues and viruses, which have emerged from molecular and cellular biology, with respect to unmet clinical needs and expanding indications. Hence it is important at this stage to outline the essential events that have led to the current level of interest in protein and peptide drug delivery systems. Polymers consisting of amino acids that are covalently linked by peptide bonds are known as Proteins and inturn peptides are small proteins composed of few dozen amino acids. Due to large molecular sizes of the proteins ranging from thousands to several millions atomic masses sizes; absorption through the epithelial barriers in the gastrointestinal tract is low.  Moreover, proteins are rapidly degraded by digestive enzymes.   As the bioavailability by oral route is poor they can be administered by other routes mainly by parenteral (IV, SC, IM) injections.  The biological activity of proteins is strongly dependent on their molecular structure i.e 10 structure; the amino acid sequence, which ultimately dictates the non-covalent interactions and the 20i.e alpha helices and beta helices; the periodic spatial arrangement of the polypeptide chain backbone and 30;  the 3-dimensional conformation of the whole molecule, including the positions of all amino acid side chains.   Some proteins may consist of multiple peptide chains grouped together by non-covalent intermolecular interactions. The arrangement of these subunits relative to each other constitutes the 40structure. An alteration at any level of molecular structure leads to a change or loss of biological activity. The present review focuses on the development of various routes of drug administration, formulation as well as stability aspects of protein and peptide drug delivery system.
N-Nitro-L-Arginine-Methyl ester Exerts Neuroprotection byInhibiting Inflammation in Cerebral Injury Induced by Transient Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats
Authors: Hiba A Awooda
Published: January 2021

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is a pivotal cause of deaths due to cerebrovascular accidents. Further research efforts are needed to reveal the mechanism underlying its aggravation or alleviation. We previously reported the antioxidant effect of N-Nitro-L-Arginine- Methyl Ester (L-NAME), a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, on rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The aim of this work was to explore further neuroprotective anti-inflammatory effects of L-NAME. This study involved 30 adult male Wistar rats divided into three groups with ten rats in each: sham-operated (control), I/R group of rats subjected to 30 minutes of left common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion followed by 24-hour of reperfusion and test group infused with L-NAME intraperitoneally 15 minutes before the same I/R period. Neurological assessments were evaluated, Western blotting used to estimate Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B), ELISA used to detect Tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), and Nitric oxide metabolites were measured colorimetrically, as well as H&E staining to assess brain damage. Compared with the I/R group, the neurological score, infarction area, and the inflammatory biomarkers NF-?B, TNF-α, and NO were significantly decreased in L-NAME treated rats (P =0.001). As a conclusion from the current study, L-NAME showed potential neuroprotection through it is an anti-inflammatory effect on a rat’s model of transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.
Evaluación de la incorporación de Mucuna pruriens y Crotalaria spectabilis, sobre el aporte y absorción de nutrientes en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Zuñiga Orozco Andres
Published: January 2021

Se utilizaron dos fuentes vegetales como abono verde, Mucuna pruriens y Crotalaria spectabilis, en tres diferentes dosis: 100, 150 y 250 gr/m2. Se logró determinar la dosis de 100 gr/m2 con M.pruriens como la mejor en rendimiento, incluso mejor que el testigo comercial y otros tratamientos, además con una calidad de grano aceptable, también contribuyendo con una mejor CICE, una menor acidificación del suelo e incorporación de materia orgánica. Otros efectos y factores involucrados bajo las condiciones de este ensayo son discutidos.
I & S: Estudos ‒ 30 anos de publicação ininterrupta
Authors: Freire Gustavo Henrique de Araujo , Freire Isa Maria
Published: January 2021

Corria o ano de 1991 quando uma nova revista, com periodicidade anual, foi apresentada à comunidade de Ciência da Informação brasileira, como parte do processo de reestruturação curricular do Mestrado em Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB). Em 1999 sua periodicidade passou a semestral, condição que perdurou até 2007, quando passou a trimestral, passando a quadrimestral em 2019 com publicação em fluxo.
O ensino da Análise de Assunto: em busca de uma metodologia
Authors: Lima Gercina Ângela de
Published: January 2021

A indexação é um dos processos mais importantes em SRI para garantir a recuperação da informação e o acesso a ela, mas nem sempre o indexador possui uma formação especializada na área de tratamento de conteúdos de documentos, tanto do ponto de vista técnico quanto do ponto de vista teórico. Sendo assim, é um processo que deve ser ensinado e aprendido pelos bibliotecários em todos os seus aspectos, por ser uma formação especializada, no âmbito do curso de biblioteconomia. Este artigo teve como objetivo lançar um olhar sobre a literatura existente com o intuito de conhecer o que de fato tem sido pesquisado sobre o ensino da Análise de assunto, para melhorar a subjetividade desse processo e contribuir para o ensino e a aprendizagem dessa disciplina, no âmbito dos cursos de graduação em Biblioteconomia. Esta pesquisa envolveu procedimentos de natureza teórica, empírica, descritiva e aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa em relação à análise da literatura especializada da área, com resultados parciais de reflexões realizadas no âmbito do projeto de pesquisa PQ-CNPq. Constatou-se que existem muitas lacunas a serem resolvidas em relação ao ensino da Análise de assunto pelo seu caráter subjetivo, e que, por conseguinte, requer do aluno raciocínios lógicos e cognitivos, além de conhecimento da linguística e da tipologia documental. Ficou evidente a necessidade de se ter um curso bem estruturado, composto de temáticas que possibilitem o aprendizado e o desenvolvimento de habilidades necessárias para a realização da atividade de análise de assunto, tendo um equilíbrio entre a teoria e a prática.
Palavras-chave: Ensino da Análise de Assunto. Ensino da Indexação. Metodologias. Análise de Assunto. Indexação.
O planejamento na Curadoria Digital
Authors: Siebra Sandra de Albuquerque
Published: January 2021

Reflete sobre o planejamento no contexto da curadoria digital. Esta é uma pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa, que faz uso da pesquisa bibliográficae documental. Como resultados, foram definidas seis dimensões que devem ser exploradas no planejamento e os elementos dentro delas,independente do tipo de objeto digital a ser curado, foram elas: infraestrutura, recursos financeiros, recursos humanos, ações relacionadascom preservação digital, questões legais e éticas e questões relacionadas ao acesso e uso dos objetos digitais. Foram indicados documentosque devem ser produzidos durante o planejamento para orientar as equipes do projeto, como o Plano de Preservação Digital e, também, foiressaltada a importância da participação da comunidade alvo do projeto de curadoria nesta etapa. Por fim, foi verificado que as descriçõessobre planejamento, na maioria dos modelos de curadoria digital é ainda sucinta, técnica e superficial e podem não dar apoio suficientepara a realização do planejamento da curadoria por parte das instituições/organizações. Conclui-se que é necessário que os profissionaisda informação estejam aptos a elaborar materiais para suprir essa lacuna e para orientar a implementação de projetos de curadoria digital.

Palavras-Chave: Planejamento para Curadoria Digital. Modelos de ciclos de vida. Curadoria Digital. Etapa de Planejamento. PreservaçãoDigital.
Analysis of Flavanoids in Flour and Biscuit based on Chayote
Authors: Sakung Jamaludin M. , Rahmawati Sitti , Nursafitri Nursafitri , Muhtar Husniah
Published: January 2021

Chayote-based flour and biscuits are the development of healthy food products that contain flavonoid compounds that can be used to protect and reduce skin damage to UV rays. This study aimed to determine the flavonoid content in chayote-based flour and biscuits using the AlCl3 method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 520 and 700 nm. The results obtained the flavonoid levels in chayote-based flour and biscuits of 0.325±0.011 mg/L and 0.117±0.023 mg/L or equivalent to 0.812±0.028 mg/100 gram and 0.291±0.058 mg/100 gram. This study concluded that chayote-based flour and biscuits contained flavonoids can be used as a source of antioxidants and a source of beneficial nutrition.
Prenylated Flavonoid from the Methanol Fraction of Breadfruit Root (Artocarpus communis)
Authors: Damiyanti Kristina , Widiyantoro Ari , Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah
Published: January 2021

Breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) is a tropical fruit plant that belongs to the genus Artocarpus of the Moraceae family. Prenylated flavonoid compounds were isolated from the methanol fraction of breadfruit root wood using maceration, partitioning, and chromatography methods, while characterization was carried out through phytochemical tests and 1H-NMR spectrum data analysis. The K1D2 (P1) compound obtained was a yellow solid with a mass of 5 mg. The phytochemical test of the K1D2 (P1) compound gave positive results for the flavonoid group. The 1H-NMR spectrum data (CDCl3, 500 MHz) of compound K1D2 (P1) showed a typical chemical shift at δH 13.42 (1H, s, 5-OH) for the hydroxy groups associated with carbonyl; 7.68 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz, H-6 ′); 6.71 (1H, dd, J = 16.0; 7.1 Hz, H-10); 6.56 (1H, d, J = 16.0 Hz, H-9); 6.54 (1H, dd, J = 8.5; 1.8 Hz, H-5 ′); 6.46 (1H, s, H-3); 6.42 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-3 ′); 6.26 (1H, d, J = 9.3 Hz, H-14); 5.42 (1H, d, J = 9.3 Hz, H-15); 3.94 (3H, s, 2′-OCH3); 2.47 (1H, m, H-11); 1.97 (3H, s, H-17); 1.69 (3H, s, H-18), and 1.10 (6H, d, J = 6.7 Hz, H-12 and H-13). Based on the results of phytochemical tests and analysis of 1H-NMR spectrum data compared with literature data, it showed that the isolated K1D2 (P1) compound is 4 ′, 5-dihydroxy-6,7- (2,2-dimethylpirano) -2'-methoxy- 8γ, γ-dimethylallylflavone (1).
Human Herpes virus 7 infections in children. Clinical and laboratory aspects
Authors: Fatkullina G. R. , Anokhin V. A. , Musina A. R.
Published: January 2021

Objective: to study the activity of HSV 1,2, EBV, CMV, HHV6, HHV7 in children of different age groups, to determine the frequency of various symptoms and syndromes in the examined children depending on hhv7 monoinfection and combined herpetic infection in the age aspect.

Materials and methods: 56 children aged 2 to 18 years were examined at the state MEDICAL research Institute named after Prof. A. F. Agafonov in Kazan, at the BIOMED medical and diagnostic center in Kazan and at the LUCH children’s clinic in Naberezhnye Chelny (boys accounted for 62.5% of cases, girls-37.5%). Verification of the diagnosis and evaluation of the dynamics of etiological markers of the infectious process in all observed children was performed by PCR. Blood and saliva were examined to detect markers of human herpes virus type 7 (in qualitative PCR), and blood, oropharyngeal flushing, and urine were examined in semiquantitative PCR to determine other viruses from the herpes family (HHV6, CMV, EBV). In enzyme immunoassay is determined At the same time, we studied options for combining laboratory markers of herpesvirus activity and changes in the main laboratory parameters used in routine practice. We studied the dynamics of the observed parameters against the background of complex antiviral therapy for the next 3 months after the initial examination. The frequency of occurrence of various symptoms and syndromes was determined depending on the activity of various representatives of the herpes family, their combination, and the age of the subjects.

Results of the study: HHV7-monoinfection is more typical for the age group of 7-14 years. The significance of mixed HHV6+HHV7 infection decreased with age. The combination of activity of 4 herpesviruses was more often registered in the age categories 2-7 years and 14-18 years. More often, patients had tonsillitis, generalized cervical lymphadenopathy, periodic temperature rise to subfebrile or febrile numbers, pharyngitis, recurrent ARI, rhinitis, which allows us to consider them as the main manifestations of HHV7 infection.

Conclusion: HHV7 infection is significant in the modern pathology of the child. The presence of such syndromes as recurrent tonsillitis, cervical lymphadenopathy or isolated enlargement of submandibular lymph nodes, periodic fever, pharyngitis, recurrent ARI in combination with hepato - and/ or splenomegaly, fatigue, and headache is often associated with HHV7. HHV7-viremia is relatively rare, despite obvious clinical and laboratory signs of inflammation indicating the presence of a viral disease, which, apparently, and is the cause of underdiagnosis and lack of proper attention to this infection.
Forms of pseudotuberculosis progression in children and the impact of lipid peroxidation activation and antioxidant system imbalance on their development
Authors: Pomogaeva A. P. , Nosareva O. L. , Stepovaya E. A. , Zhavoronok T. V. , Shakhristova E. V. , Krasnova E. I. , Vasyunin A. V.
Published: January 2021

The objective is to compare clinical symptoms, lipid peroxidation indicators, the state of the antioxidant system and assess their impact on the severity and progression of pseudotuberculosis in children.

Materials and methods. We examined 125 children with pseudotuberculosis divided into 4 groups according to the severity and nature of the disease progression and 45 healthy children. The material for the study was red blood cells and blood plasma of patients received in the dynamics – the acute period (during hospitalization); 3-4 weeks later – the phase of early convalescence with a non-smooth progression and moderate and heavy severity; the recovery period with a smooth progression and mild and moderate severity; 5-6 weeks later – the recovery period with a non-smooth progression and moderate and heavy severity. The spectrophotometric method was used to study lipid peroxidation (the concentration of diene conjugates, TBA-reactive substances) in the blood plasma and components of the antioxidant support system (the content of reduced glutathione; the activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) in red blood cells.

Results. It was determined that moderate and heavy pseudotuberculosis forms prevail in hospitalized children, the disease progression in 35.2% of them was non-smooth; lipid peroxidation products accumulate in the blood plasma and the concentration of reduced glutathione decreases in red blood cells during the acute period of pseudotuberculosis in all children relative to the parameters in the control group. In the period of early convalescence an imbalance in the functioning of antioxidant enzymes of red blood cells, as well as the accumulation of TBA-reactive substances and a decrease in the content of reduced glutathione were observed in patients with moderate and heavy pseudotuberculosis.

Conclusion. The impact of the imbalance of pro-/antioxidants on the formation of predominantly moderate and heavy pseudotuberculosis in children is shown. Prognostic criteria for the development of a non-smooth progression of pseudotuberculosis are a high level of lipid peroxidation products in the blood plasma, no normalization in values of glutathione system components and the activity of erythrocyte catalase during early convalescence.
Diarrhea associated with Clostridium difficile in the oncology clinic
Authors: Klyuchnikova I. A. , Popov D. A. , Petukhova I. N. , Grigorievskaya Z. V. , Bagirova N. S. , Tereshchenko I. V. , Dmitrieva N. V.
Published: January 2021

Purpose of the study. To conduct typing of toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile, obtained from oncological patients who are in hospital.

Material and Methods. The study included 130 patients with Clostridium difficile – associated diarrhea. First, the presence of toxins A+B+ in the feces was determined by enzyme immunoassay on an automatic miniVidas analyzer from BioMieux SA (France). For screening using real-time PCR, 26 toxigenic Clostridium difficile were selected. For the study used the system GeneXpert company «Cepheid» (Sweden).

Results. Of the 1287 patients with diarrhea who were treated in an oncologic hospital, 130 (10,1%) tested positive for toxin A+B+ Clostridium difficile. For the study using real-time PCR, 26 samples were taken. The average age of patients is 57 years. 10 (38,5%) toxigenic strains were identified as hypervirulent ribotype. 7/10 strains were isolated for 3 consecutive month. The average age of patients with hypervirulent strains was 45 years. Patients participating in the study, in most cases were from the surgical departments – 61,5%, from the therapeutic – 34,7%.

Conclusion. The study showed that the prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection in our clinic is lower than in other countries. Although hypervirulent strains accounted for 1/3 of all typed Clostridium difficile, special attention should be paid to them. Delayed diagnosis, delay in the onset of specific therapy in cancer patients can lead to a deterioration in the quality of life and in some cases be fatal. PCR diagnostics can determine the hypervirulent ribotype and carry out epidemiological measures aimed at preventing local outbreaks in the hospital.
Ultrasonic characteristics of immune bodies in children with infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Perepelitsa S. A. , Perminova L. A. , Stepanyan I. A. , Zakhar E. V.
Published: January 2021

Diagnostic morphometric criteria for splenomegaly in children with infectious mononucleosis are established using ultrasound. The study included 29 children with infectious mononucleosis. The average age is 11.7 ± 3.5 years. A morphometric measurement of the length, width and thickness of the spleen, elastometry (EM), and lymph nodes were evaluated. The spleen mass was determined by method of O.V. Vozgoment, coefficients: the ratio of spleen mass to body mass (KMS, Km), body length (KI), body surface area (Ks). The average CCM value was 6,47 ± 2,8, the absolute value of the indicator varied from 1,9 to 14,2. According to the CCM, patients are divided into 3 groups: group A – 6 (20,7%), group B – 11 (38%), group C – 12 (41,3%). The average mass of the spleen was 332,5 ± 119.6 g, the CMS – from 7,7 to 14,2, the average value of the indicator – 8,6 ± 1,9. In group B the mass of the spleen, compared with group C is 1,2 times less. In group C the spleen mass is statistically significantly greater compared with groups A and B. In group C, spleen rigidity was increased in 42,9% of cases. The average EM value is 15,8 ± 4,8 kPa. A negative correlation between the average strength between EM and age (r = – 0,65, p = 0,01) was revealed. A direct relationship was found between the mass of the spleen and the CMS, and lymphadenopathy of various localization, often periportal lymph nodes.
Insight on the reduction of copper content in slags produced from the Ausmelt Converting Process
Authors: Yuan H.-B. , Cai B. , Song X.-C. , Tang D.-Z. , Yang B.
Published: January 2021

The reduction of copper content in converting slag using process control is significant to copper smelter. In this study, the slags produced from the Ausmelt Converting Process for copper matte was analyzed using X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. Thermodynamic calculation and effects of various conditions including the lance submerging depth in molten bath, the molten bath temperature, the addition of copper matte, and airflow rate were carried out to lower the content in the slag. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the decrease of copper content was achieved by reducing Fe3O4, CuFe2O4, and Cu2O in the slag, decreasing the magnetism of slag and lowering the viscosity of slag, which was feasible at the operating temperature of the molten bath. Experiments showed that the optimal combination of operating conditions were found to be the addition of copper matte between 5,000 ? 7,000 kg/h, a lance airflow rate of 13,000-14,000 Nm3/h, and a lance submergence depth into the molten bath of 700-900 mm, in which the copper content in the slag was effectively reduced from 22.74 wt. % to 7.70 wt. %. This study provides a theoretical support and technical guidance for promoting the utilization of slags from the Ausmelt Converting Process.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use in Clinical Trials for On-Market Diabetes Drugs
Authors: Fox Bradley Q. , Benjamin Peninah F. , Aqeel Ammara , Fitts Emily , Flynn Spencer , Levine Brian , Maslak Elizaveta , Milner Rebecca L. , Ose Benjamin , Poeschla Michael , Ray Meghna , Serino Maeve , Shah Sahaj S. , Close Kelly L.
Published: January 2021

Despite the growing momentum behind a movement to augment adoption
of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in clinical practice and investigation,
to the best of our knowledge, there are no published data on the historical and
recent use of CGM in clinical trials of pharmacologic agents used in the
treatment of diabetes. We analyzed 2,032 clinical trials of 40 diabetes
therapies currently on the market with a study start date between 1 January
2000 and 31 December 2019. According to ClinicalTrials.gov listings, 119 (5.9%)
of these trials used CGM. CGM usage in clinical trials has increased over time,
rising from <5% before 2005 to 12.5% in 2019. However, it is still low given
its inclusion in the American Diabetes’s Association’s latest guidelines and known
limitations of A1C for assessing ongoing diabetes care.
Impaired Activated/Memory Regulatory T Cell Clonal Expansion Instigates Diabetes in NOD Mice
Authors: Mhanna Vanessa , Fourcade Gwladys , Barennes Pierre , Quiniou Valentin , Pham Hang P. , Ritvo Paul-Gydeon , Brimaud Faustine , Gouritin Bruno , Churlaud Guillaume , Six Adrien , Mariotti-Ferrandiz Encarnita , Klatzmann David
Published: January 2021

Regulatory T cell (Treg) insufficiency licenses the destruction of insulin-producing
pancreatic b cells by auto-reactive effector T cells
(Teffs), causing spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in non‑obese diabetic
(NOD) mice. We investigated the contribution to
diabetes of the TCR repertoires of naive regulatory T cells (nTregs),
activated/memory Tregs (amTregs), and CD4+ Teffs from prediabetic NOD mice and normal C57BL/6
(B6) mice. NOD mice amTreg and Teff repertoire diversity was unexpectedly
higher than that of B6 mice. This was due to the presence of highly expanded
clonotypes in B6 amTregs and Teffs that were largely lost in their NOD
counterparts. IL-2 administration to NOD mice restored such amTreg clonotype
expansions and prevented diabetes development. In contrast, IL-2 administration
only led to few or no clonotype expansions in nTregs and Teffs, respectively.
Noteworthily, IL-2 expanded amTreg
and nTreg clonotypes were markedly enriched in islet-antigen
specific TCRs. Altogether, our results highlight the link between a reduced clonotype
expansion within the activated Treg repertoire and the development of an
autoimmune disease. They also indicate that the repertoire of amTregs is
amenable to rejuvenation by IL-2.
Russian Experience of Transport Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Shelukhin D. A. , Karpov A. V. , Ketskalo M. V. , Gubarev K. K.
Published: January 2021

Relevance.The present time can be called a period of accumulation of experience of national health systems in different countries of the world in the application of transport extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) technology at the pre- and inter-hospital stages of evacuation of patients to specialized ECMO-therapy centers. The role of such centers is to provide timely advice and, if necessary, perform inter-hospital evacuation.

Material and methods.The study summarized and analyzed with the help of the national register “RosECMO” the own experience of 13 hospitals in the Russian Federation, who performed 68 inter-hospital evacuations under ECMO conditions by different modes of transport in patients of different age groups with symptoms of circulatory and respiratory failure. The following parameters were evaluated: characteristics of transport ECMO, clinical manifestations of potentially negative effects of transport, hospital survival, as well as the effect of experience (less and more than 10 cases of transport ECMO) of the presented clinics on the difference in the results obtained.

Results.Connecting patients to the ECMO device reduces the likelihood of death on the SOFA and APACHE IV scales by 1.2 times (p <0.0001) and 1.4 times (p<0.0001), respectively. Despite the absence of deaths during inter-hospital transportation of patients under ECMO conditions, 14.93% of patients died within 3 days from the moment of their execution, without a significant difference in clinics with different practical experience. The overall hospital survival rate of ECMO transport scenarios in all 13 clinics of the Russian Federation was comparable to the data of the international register 48.52% versus 48.81%, at the same time it was significantly lower (1.3 times) in the group of clinics with less clinical experience 40% versus 52.08% (p<0.0001).

Conclusion.The results of the first stage of the study we obtained indicate the prospects of using the method of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at the stage of inter-hospital evacuation, due to the effective stabilization of the patient’s condition and a significant reduction in the risks of the likelihood of death. Clinics with less clinical experience showed significantly worse results of hospital survival of patients who underwent inter-hospital transportation under conditions of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation compared to clinics with more clinical experience, which can be a significant argument in adopting a model for the development of specialized regional centers for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The experience accumulated over the past six years and the analysis of new data from the register of transport cases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation of the national healthcare system will make it possible to formulate the correct trajectory for the development of the method of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and its application, including at the stage of pre- and inter-hospital evacuations of patients.