bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIFA Protein Expression is Associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Chang Hao-Chih , Wei Tong-You Wade , Wu Pei-Yu , Tsai Ming-Daw , Yu Wen-Chung , Chen Chen-Huan , Sung Shih-Hsien
Published: January 2021

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-interacting protein with a forkhead-associated domain (TIFA), a key regulator of inflammation, may be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A total of 48 PAH patients (age 50.1±13.1 years, 22.9% men), 25 hypertensive subjects, and 26 healthy controls were enrolled. TIFA protein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured. Pulmonary arterial hemodynamics were derived from right heart catheterization. PAH patients had the highest expression of TIFA, TNF-α, and IL-1β. TIFA protein expression was significantly associated with IL-1β (r=0.94; P<0.001), TNF-α (r=0.93; P<0.001), mean pulmonary artery pressure (r=0.41; P=0.006), and pulmonary vascular resistance (r=0.41; P=0.007). TIFA protein expression could independently predict the presence of PAH (odds ratio [95% confidence interval per-0.1 standard deviation]: 1.72 [1.37-2.16]; P<0.001) and outperformed echocardiographic estimation. Ex vivo silencing of TIFA protein expression in PBMCs led to the suppression of the cellular expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. IL-1β and TNF-α mediated 80.4% and 56.6% of the causal relationship between TIFA and PAH, respectively, supporting the idea that TIFA protein is involved in the pathogenesis of PAH.
A Blockchain-Based Spatial Data Trading Framework
Authors: hui liu , Tai WeiPeng , Wang Yaofei , Shenling Wang
Published: January 2021

With the increasing utilization of space related data, the demand for spatial big data sharing and trading is growing rapidly, which promotes the emergence of spatial data market. However, in conventional data markets, both data buyers and data sellers have to use a centralized trading platform which might be dishonest. Blockchain is a decentralized distributed data storage technology, which uses the traceability and unforgeability to confirm and record each transaction, can solve the disadvantages of the centralized data market, however, it also introduces the problems of security and privacy. To address this issue, we propose a blockchain-based spatial data trading framework with Trusted Execution Environment to provide a trusted decentralized platform, including data storage, data query, data pricing and security computing. Based on this framework, a spatial data trading demonstration system was implemented and its feasibility and security were verified.
Preoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) after Femoral Neck Fracture in the Elderly, the Incidence, Timing, Location and Related Risk Factors
Authors: Niu Shuai , Li Juan , Zhao Yan , Ding Dianzhu , Jiang Guangwei , Song Zhaohui
Published: January 2021

Objective
to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture
Methods
Retrospective analysis was performed on elderly patients with femoral neck fractures admitted to two institutions from January 2016 to October 2019. Duplex ultrasonography (DUS) was used to detect DVT. Patients' hospitalization medical records were retrieved to collect the data, which were related to demographics, comorbidities, injury and laboratory results on admission. Patients with preoperative DVT were defined as the case group and those without DVT as control group, and compared using the univariate analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent factors associated with DVT.
Results
Totally, 980 patients met the predefined criteria and were included. Sixty-seven patients were diagnosed to have preoperative DVT, with incidence of 6.8% for overall, 1.7% for proximal and 5.1% for distal DVT. The mean time from injury to diagnosis of DVT was 6.0 ± 4.7 days (median, 5.0). Most (76.1%) patients with DVT had thrombi solely in the injured extremity, in contrast with 14.9% (10/67) in the uninjured and 9.0% (6/67) in both injured and uninjured extremity. Multivariate analysis showed chronic renal insufficiency, current smoking status, delay to DUS and PLT > 220*109/L were independent factors for DVT.
Conclusion
Preoperative DVT is not very prevalent following elderly femoral neck fractures, but with a certain proportion in the uninjured extremity, necessitating the more attention. These identified risk factors aid in patient counseling, individualized risk assessment and risk stratification, and should be kept in mind.
Prognostic Value of Lymphovascular Invasion in Stage Ⅱ Colorectal Cancer Patients with an Inadequate Examination of Lymph Nodes.
Authors: Gao Zhenyan , Cao Huihua , Xu Xiang , Wang Qing , Wu Yugang , Lu Qicheng
Published: January 2021

BackgroundLymphovascular invasion (LVI) is defined as the existence of cancer cells in lymphatics or blood vessels. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of LVI in stage Ⅱ colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with inadequate examination of lymph nodes (ELNs) and further combined LVI with the TNM staging system to determine the predictive efficacy for CRC prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) was then evaluated for stage Ⅱ CRC patients with LVI positivity (LVI +).MethodsThe clinicopathologic records of 1420 CRC patients treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between February 2007 and February 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. LVI was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Kaplan-Meier analysis followed by a log-rank test was used to analyze survival rates. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazards model. The Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) was used to evaluate the accuracy of different systems in predicting prognosis.ResultsThe LVI status was significantly associated with pT stage, degree of differentiation, tumor stage, serum CEA and CA19-9 levels, perineural invasion (PNI) and KRAS status. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of stage Ⅱ patients with < 12 ELNs and LVI + was less than stage ⅢA. Multivariate analyses showed that LVI, pT-stage, serum CEA and CA19-9 levels, PNI and KRAS status were significant prognostic factors for stage Ⅱ patients with < 12 ELNs. The 8th TNM staging system combined with LVI showed a higher C-index than the 8th TNM staging system alone (C-index, 0.895 vs. 0.833). Among patients with LVI + the ACT group had a significantly higher 5-year OS and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) than the surgery alone (SA) group (5-year OS, 66.7% vs. 40.9%, P = 0.004; 5-year DFS, 64.1% vs. 36.3%, P = 0.002).ConclusionsLVI is an independent prognostic risk factor for stage Ⅱ CRC patients. Combining LVI with the 8th TNM staging system improved the predictive accuracy for CRC prognosis. ACT in stage Ⅱ CRC patients with LVI + is beneficial for survival.
Serial Measurement of Pancreatic Stone Protein for the Early Detection of Sepsis in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Multicentric Study
Authors: Pugin Jérôme , Daix Thomas , Pagani Jean-Luc , Morri Davide , Giacomucci Angelo , Dequin Pierre-François , Guitton Christophe , Que Yok-Ai , Zani Gianluca , Brealey David , Lepape Alain , Creagh-Brown Ben , Wyncoll Duncan , Silengo Daniela , Irincheeva Irina , Girard Laurie , Rebeaud Fabien , Maerki Iwan , Eggimann Philippe , François Bruno
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe early recognition and management of sepsis improves outcomes. Biomarkers may help in identifying earlier sub-clinical signs of sepsis. We explored the potential of serial measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and pancreatic stone protein (PSP) for the early recognition of sepsis in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsThis was a multicentric international prospective observational clinical study conducted in 14 ICUs in France, Switzerland, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Adult ICU patients at risk of nosocomial sepsis were included. A biomarker-blinded adjudication committee identified sepsis events and the days on which they began. The associations of clinical sepsis diagnoses with the trajectories of PSP, CRP, and PCT in the 3 days preceding these diagnoses of sepsis were tested for markers of early sepsis detection. The performance of the biomarkers in sepsis diagnosis was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsOf the 243 patients included, 53 developed nosocomial sepsis after a median of 6 days (interquartile range, 3–8 days). The association of clinical sepsis diagnosis with an increase in a biomarker value in the 3 days preceding this diagnosis was stronger for PSP (p = 0.003) than for PCT (p = 0.025) and CRP (p = 0.009). The area under the ROC curve at the time of clinical sepsis was similar for all markers (PSP, 0.75; CRP, 0.77; PCT, 0.75).ConclusionsWhile the diagnostic accuracy for sepsis of PSP, CRP and PCT were similar in this cohort, serial PSP measurement demonstrated an increase of this marker the days preceding the onset of signs necessary for a clinical diagnosis the sepsis. This observation justifies further evaluation of the potential clinical benefit of serial PSP measurement in the management of critically ill patients developing nosocomial sepsis.Trial registrationThe study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT03474809), on March 16, 2018.https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03474809?term=NCT03474809&draw=2&rank=1
Evaluation of the Effect of Supervised Antimalarial Treatment on P. Vivax Malaria Recurrences
Authors: Dinelly Kelry Mazurega Oliveira , Vitor-Silva Sheila , Brito-Sousa Jose Diego , Sampaio Vanderson Souza , Silva Milena Gabriela Oliveira , Siqueira André Machado , Peterka Cássio , Rodovalho Sheila , Omena Aretha Gomes , Monteiro Wuelton Marcelo , Lacerda Marcus Vinicius Guimaraes de , Melo Gisely
Published: January 2021

BackgroundRelapses in vivax malaria have posed great challenges to malaria control, accounting for a great proportion of reported cases. Knowing the real effectiveness of 7 day primaquine (PQ) scheme is crucial to understand not only the cost-effectiveness of implementing new anti-hypnozoite drugs but how health education strategies can guarantee better compliance and be reinforced. This study aimed the evaluation of the daily supervised treatment effect with chloroquine and PQ (in consented patients) versus prescription without supervision (non-consented patients), and the outcome was the passive detection of new positive thick blood smears until 180 days, based on the official data records from the National Malaria Control Program. The recurrences seen in the real life were therefore used as a surrogate for true relapses. Patients under supervised treatment had a lower risk of recurrence until day 180 when compared to the unsupervised treatment (17.9% vs 36.1%; p=0.027). The lack of consent in the non-supervised group (which followed standard of care in the real life) enabled proper comparison, as consent itself could lead to better compliance in this group. Future studies should scale such analysis to different settings in the Brazilian Amazon.
Continuous Cultures of Plasmodium Falciparum Established in Tanzania From Patients With Acute Malaria
Authors: Urio Florence Humphrey , Mkombachepa Matilda , Rwegasira Gration , Makene Twilumba , Ngasala Billy , Mselle Teddy , Makani Julie , Luzzatto Lucio
Published: January 2021

BackgroundMalaria morbidity and mortality, almost entirely from Plasmodium falciparum, are still rampant in Africa: therefore, it is important to study the biology of the parasite and the parasite-host cell interactions. In vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum is most useful for this purpose, as well as for investigating drug resistance and possible new therapies. Here we report that the Trager & Jensen continuous culture of P. falciparum can be established in a laboratory in Tanzania with minimal facilities and with modest expenditure.MethodsAn in vitro set-up of continuous culture of P. falciparum was carried out in 2016 to 2020 at Muhimbili university of health and allied sciences, Dar-es salaam. Parasite samples were obtained from patients with acute malaria, frozen parasites and live cultures. Data was collected and analyzed using GraphPad Prism version 8.ResultsWe have successfully achieved exponential growth of existing strains that are used worldwide, as well as of parasites in clinical samples from patients with acute malaria. In the aim to optimize growth we have compared human serum and bovine serum albumin as components of the culture media. In addition, culture synchronization has been achieved using sorbitol.ConclusionThis experimental system is now available to our institution and to researchers aiming at investigating drug sensitivity and mechanisms of protection against Plasmodium falciparum that accrue from various genes expressed in red cells.
Energy Analysis and Verification of a Constant Pressure Elastic Strain Energy Accumulator Based on Exergy Method   
Authors: Du Hongwang , Yang Dongdong , Xiong Wei
Published: January 2021

Aiming at problems of low energy storage efficiency and unstable energy output of existing accumulators, this paper proposes a novel constant pressure elastic strain energy accumulator based on the rubber material hyperelastic effect, which can store and release energy with steady constant pressure. Based on exergy analysis method, constant pressure elastic strain energy accumulator charging/discharging energy storage efficiency is analyzed. Then Mullins effect on the rubber airbag multiple charging/discharging cycles is studied. Finally, a test platform is set up to verify the energy storage efficiency, expansion and contraction pressure stability of the rubber accumulator during charging/discharging cycles. Compared with enthalpy analysis method, experiment results show that energy storage efficiency calculation by the exergy analysis method is more accurate. In more than 200 cycle tests, rubber airbag energy storage efficiency is always higher than 76%, and expansion pressure and contraction pressure errors under steady state are less than 2.92e-3MPa and 1.79e-3MPa, respectively. The results show that the rubber airbag can be used as an effective energy storage component, which is very meaningful for energy recovery in pneumatic or hydraulic systems.
Research on Active Dustproof of Coal Handling System
Authors: Zhou Man Yi
Published: January 2021

Coal handling system of Power plant(CHP) is easy to produce dust, which is the most serious place of coal dust pollution in thermal power plant. With the gradual improvement of national environmental protection requirements, the control of coal dust becomes more and more important. The author believes that we should not wait for the pollution caused by coal dust to be treated, but should take the initiative to attack, and should take the initiative to prevent dust, starting from the source of coal transportation. In the process of designing coal conveying of thermal power plant for many years, the author has carried out on-site investigation on many coal handling systems, summarized experience and obtained relevant data. Through further analysis, the main causes of coal dust are mastered, and the relevant measures of active dust control are put forward from the technical point of view, in order to provide help for the comprehensive control of coal dust in power industry.
Lamotrigine induced DRESS syndrome in a child: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lin Chien-Heng , Lin Sheng-Shing , Hong Syuan-Yu , Chen Chieh-Ho , Chou I-Ching
Published: January 2021

BackgroundLamotrigine is an important anticonvulsant drug. Its use, however, has been limited by the risk of potentially life-threatening dermatological reactions, such as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).Case presentationHere, we report the case of a 7-year-6-month-old girl with a history of epilepsy who developed a skin rash with dyspnoea after 2 weeks of lamotrigine treatment, with DRESS ultimately being diagnosed. After discontinuation of the offending drug and the initiation of systemic glucocorticosteroids, the DRESS symptoms were relieved and the patient was discharged in stable condition.ConclusionAnticonvulsant drugs such as lamotrigine among the factors that induce DRESS in children. When a patient displays skin rash and systemic organ involvement following the initiation of an anticonvulsant drug, DRESS should not be overlooked as a diagnosis, and immunosuppressant drugs should be considered as an option for treating DRESS patients.
Assessment of access and utilization of Adolescent and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health services  in Western Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun Temesgen , Bekuma Tariku Tesfaye , Getachew Motuma , Seme Assefa
Published: January 2021

Background
Despite Ethiopia's enormous effort in youth-friendly service provision, little was investigated about the challenges of accessing sexual and reproductive health services in Western Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess access and utilization of adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health services in this area.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional quantitative method mixed with the qualitative inquiry was conducted among 771 adolescents and youths aged 15 to 24 years from February 1 to 28, 2020. Data were collected through face to face interview using pretested structured questionaries. Data were entered using EPI-INFO version 7.0 and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Descriptive analysis and logistic regressions were performed. The adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used and statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05. The qualitative inquiry was collected through in-depth interviews with service providers, focus group discussions, and observation checklists of service units in the study facilities.
Results
The mean age of participants was 18.99 years (SD ± 2.49). Two hundred seventeen (28.1%) of participants reported that they have ever heard about adolescents and youths' reproductive health services. Only 66 (8.6%) have ever visited health facilities for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Factors associated with the utilization of sexual and reproductive health service were age from 15 to 19 years (AOR = 0.36;95%CI:0.17,0.76), history of having sexual intercourse(AOR = 5.34;95%CI: 2.53,11.23), ever heard about sexual reproductive health service (AOR = 11.33; 95%CI: 5.59, 22.96), and visited a health facility for other health services (AOR = 5.12; 95%CI:1.72,15.24).
Conclusion
Sexual and reproductive health service utilization among adolescents and youths was found to be low. The factors associated with adolescents' and youths' sexual and reproductive health services utilization were age, history of ever having sexual intercourse, ever heard about SRH services, and visit of health facility for other services. Therefore, it is better if the concerned bodies work on improving awareness of adolescents and youths towards SRH services and integrating these services into other routine services.
A New Landmark for Positioning the Anatomical Insertions of Lateral Ankle Ligaments under Arthroscopy: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Zhou Yun-Feng , Song Bin , Zhang Zheng-Zheng , Xu Da-Zheng , Xie Ruo-Qi , Wang Ming-Wei , Li Wei-Ping , Shen Hui-Yong
Published: January 2021

Background: Several landmarks are used to ascertain the insertions of lateral ankle ligaments, however, few could be discerned under arthroscopy. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and reliability of labeling the anterior process of fibular cartilage surface (FCAP) under arthroscopy, and to compare the distances from the new or conventional landmark to the ligament insertion.Methods: Twenty paired ankles from ten Chinese cadavers were included. A senior and a junior surgeon randomly performed the arthroscopic FCAP marking procedures for the paired ankles of a single cadaver using a Kirchner wire. The distance and direction from the anatomical FCAP' to the marked FCAP were recorded after open dissection. Reliability analysis were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and independent sample t test. Moreover, the distance from the upper landmarks (anterior fibular tubercle or FCAP) to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) insertion center (distance “a” or “c”), and from the ATFL to calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) footprint center was measured at the anterolateral side (distance “b”) and lateral groove (distance “d”), respectively.Results: The FCAP was located 1.23±0.29 (range, 0.77–1.67) mm) and 1.52±0.41 (range, 0.92–2.03) mm from the anatomical FCAP' in the senior and junior surgeons’ operations, respectively, which showed no significant difference between the two groups (t=-1.773, P=0.093). And the calculated ICC was 0.767 (P=0.003). The average distance “a” was 19.03±1.47 (range, 16.29–21.3) mm, significantly longer than distance “c”, 15.98±0.97 (range, 14.48–18.02) mm (t=-7.72, P<0.001). However, the distance “b” (7.43±0.54 mm; range, 6.47–8.47) and distance “d” (7.78±0.67 mm; range, 6.42–9.03) showed no statistical difference (t=1.8, P=0.08).Conclusions: The FCAP may be a useful landmark that can be utilized to ascertain anatomical insertions of lateral ankle ligaments under arthroscopy. The measured distances from the landmark to the ligament footprint center could provide spatial information that assist in endoscopic anatomical repair or reconstruction.
Treatment Outcomes of Anterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation using An Acromioclavicular Joint Hook Plate Versus a Locking Plate: A Retrospective Study.
Authors: Qu Yanzhen , Xie Xudong , Zhou Wu , Xia Tian , Cao Faqi , Mi Bobin , Ye Zhewei , Liu Guohui
Published: January 2021

Background: We aimed to compare the efficacy and functional outcomes of using an acromioclavicular joint hook plate (AJHP) versus a locking plate (LP) in the treatment of anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation.Methods: Seventeen patients with anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation were retrospectively analyzed from May 2014 to September 2019. Six patients were surgically treated with an AJHP, and 11 were surgically treated with an LP. Five male and one female patients comprised the AJHP group, and nine male and two female patients comprised the LP group. The mean age of all patients was 49.5 years.Results: Reduction and fixation were performed with AJHP or LP in all 17 patients. All patients were followed up for a mean duration of 14.4 months. There were no reported complications, wound infections, or instances of plate or screw breakage. The mean operative blood loss, operative time, and length of incision in the AJHP group were significantly better than those in the LP group. Shoulder girdle movement of the AJHP group was significantly better than that of the LP group.Conclusions: This study revealed that AJHP facilitated glenohumeral joint motion, reduced the risk of rupture of mediastinal structures, required a shorter incision, and had less blood loss and a shorter duration of operation compared with LP. However, some deficiencies require further improvement.Trial registration:
Combined Effect of Daily Physical Activity and Social Relationships on Sleep Disorder Among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Data From The Kasama Study
Authors: Seol Jaehoon , Lee Jaehee , Nagata Koki , Fujii Yuya , Joho Kaya , Tateoka Korin , Inoue Taiki , Liu Jue , Okura Tomohiro
Published: January 2021

Background: This cross-sectional study investigated whether the daily physical activity of older adults, combined with social relationships, is associated with the risk of sleep disorder. Further, it determined whether a high level of one variable with a low level of the other leads to a significantly lower risk of sleep disorder than low levels of both. Methods: The sample comprised 988 community-dwelling older Japanese adults (mean age: 73.1 ± 5.5 years). The level of daily physical activity and range of social relationships were assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly and the Lubben Social Network Scale, respectively. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep disorder. To test linear trends and the combined effect of the two variables, both variable values were divided into tertiles. To test the combined effects, medians were calculated for the respective scores, based on which the participants were categorized into the following groups: (1) inactive with a narrow range of social relationships (n = 307), (2) inactive with a wide range of social relationships (n = 183), (3) active with a narrow range of social relationships (n = 205), and (4) active with a wide range of social relationships (n = 293). After adjusting for potential confounders, a logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: Participants who were more physically active (odds ratio [OR]: 0.694, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.484–0.997) and those with a wide range of social relationships (OR: 0.690, 95% CI: 0.481–0.988) showed a lower prevalence of sleep disorder than those in the first tertile; these effects were independent of each other. The combined effect analysis revealed that the active group with a wide range of social relationships showed a significantly lower prevalence of sleep disorder (OR: 0.585, 95% CI: 0.404–0.847) than the inactive group with a narrow range of social relationships.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that being physically active with a wide range of social relationships is favorably associated with sleep quality. However, a high level of one variable with a low level of the other is inefficient in improving sleep quality among older adults.
Revista completa
Authors: Hamut'ay Revista
Published: January 2021

Revista completa
COVID–19 Transformaciones a nivel globalizado en educación
Authors: Alvites Huamaní Cleofé Genoveva
Published: January 2021

Como cada año las instituciones educativas de educación básica y universitaria a nivel nacional iniciaban su año académico en el mes de marzo del 2020, sin presagiar que destino se avizoraba y lo insólito que iba a suceder en menos de 15 de iniciado este mes, pues la magnitud del impacto del COVID-19 ha mermado en los sistemas educativos a nivel mundial, se han cerrado escuelas, ya no va más los espacios físicos, toda la infraestructura y equipamiento que se tenía han pasadoa un segundo plano, porque se pasó de un sistema de educación presencial a una educación virtual, a distancia o remota García-García, (2020), teniendo la omnipotencia las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), la aula de clase está en el ciberespacio, en la nube.
Impactos generados en época de pandemia
Authors: Alvites Huamaní Cleofé Genoveva
Published: January 2021

Cuando a nivel mundial todos estaban con la expectativa de iniciar un nuevo año con buenos augurios de éxitos y prosperidad, debido a los nuevos descubrimientos que la ciencia había hecho en diversos ámbitos y las tecnologías rompieron fronteras y tiempo de todo tipo a nivel globalizado y la economía se estabilizaba y mejoraba a nivel mundial, y sin presagiar lo que nos deparaba el 2020, el 31 de diciembre del 2019 se notifica un conglomerado de casos de neumonía en la ciudad de Wuhan, China, (Leiva-Cepas, Romero-Rodríguez & Barroso, 2020) y lo que en un comienzo era algo imperceptible, el 12 de marzo del 2020 se confirma la aparición de este nuevo tipo de virus, llamado “COVID-19”, desde ese momento todo cambio, ya que comenzó la propagación a nivel mundial con una rapidez exponencial (OMS, 2020), para lo cual ningún país estuvo preparado ni las potencias, más aun cuando la propagación llego al punto de ser considerada una pandemia, se empezaron a establecer medidas más restrictivas y entre las más conocidas es el inicio de la cuarentena y luego el confinamiento y el aislamiento social, lo que genero muchos cambios en la vida social y cultural.
Desarrollo de un Sistema Basado en Conocimiento Mediante Modelado de proceso Evolutivo y Programación lógica para el Aprendizaje de la Taxonomía de los Animales Invertebrados
Authors: Palomino Hawasly Miguel Ángel , Díaz Gómez Andrés Farid , Rodríguez Moreno Juan David
Published: January 2021

En el presente trabajo se muestra el desarrollo de un sistema basado en conocimiento cuya finalidad es apoyar los procesos de aprendizaje asociados a la taxonomía de los animales invertebrados. Se adoptó la metodología de desarrollo de prototipos evolutivos para tal fin, utilizando el lenguaje prolog como mecanismo funcional de la programación lógica, paradigma computacional en la que está basado este sistema. Se muestran las etapas llevadas a cabo durante el proceso de desarrollo, logrando obtener un prototipo funcional el cual permite la realización de consultas básicas y especializadas que el usuario puede hacer como refuerzo a la actividad de aprendizaje relacionada con la taxonomía de animales invertebrados.
Análisis Comparativo de Protocolos de Comunicación para Redes definidas por Software
Authors: Mocha Guacho Geovanny , Celleri Pacheco Jennifer
Published: January 2021

Las redes definidas por software (en adelante SDN) son una innovación, que tiene como principal objetivo romper el paradigma de las redes tradicionales y presentar redes administrables o programables que se basan en el desacoplamiento de los planos de control y datos. Es destacable el territorio que van ocupando las SDN, sin embargo, no existen trabajos en los que se evidencien análisis comparativos de los protocolos hacia el sur (southbound) entre los planos antes mencionados. Al ser una tecnología que ha empezado a tener acogida, es necesario realizar estudios que permitan conocer y guiar a una fácil selección de los protocolos southbound a la hora de su implementación con la finalidad de mejorar el rendimiento. El propósito del presente estudio es analizar los protocolos de comunicación southbound, para lo cual se han seleccionado a OVSDB y OpenFlow. Se usó el método experimental para medir el rendimiento de la red mediante el análisis de la tasa de transferencia de paquetes dentro de la red. Para sustentar el método experimental, se empleó un ambiente de emulación Mininet sobre la que se implementó una SDN en una topología Lineal y Simple. Se obtuvo resultados que permitieron validar la hipótesis del estudio, comprobando que el protocolo de comunicación southbound pueden inferir en el rendimiento de la red. Como resultado del análisis se logró evidenciar que OpenFlow presenta mejores resultados de rendimiento en el envío de paquetes que OVSDB.
Perceptivas que posibilitan Los Cursos Virtuales en Moodle en Programas de Pregrado de la Universidad de Pamplona
Authors: Quintero Pérez Rolando , González Maldonado Olga Lorena , Bracho Pérez Kleeder José
Published: January 2021

El estudio se realizó con el propósito de evaluar las características perceptivas que posibilitan los cursos de formación Ciudadana y Cultura de la Paz y Educación Ambiental en el marco de las asignaturas virtuales (Moodle) en los programas de pregrado de la Universidad de Pamplona, Sede Villa del Rosario, Norte de Santander, Colombia, desde la perspectiva de la teoría de la Gestalt. La metodología se basó en la filosofía post positivista bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con método descriptivo y de corte transversal. Los informantes claves estuvieron representados por siete (7) estudiantes seleccionados aleatoriamente, matriculados para el periodo 2020-1. Se aplicó una encuesta con preguntas abiertas que buscaban recabar la mayor cantidad de información necesaria que sirviera de insumo para la validación de la estructura gestáltica de los diferentes cursos virtuales de la Universidad de Pamplona. La información recolectada se trabajó mediante las fases de la investigación en tres grandes momentos: observación, recolección de información y análisis e interpretación. El estudio permitió concluir que la aplicación de una fundamentación teórica como la de Gestalt, mejoraría significativamente la percepción del estudiante en los cursos virtuales, permitiendo contar con estándares audiovisuales idóneos y superar la carencia de habilidades en la ejecución de procesos académicos fundamentados en TIC, que dificultan el adecuado funcionamiento dentro de la ejecución de las actividades en asignaturas de tipo virtual.
Lenguajes y Entornos de Programación para Fortalecer El Desarrollo de Competencias Concernientes al Pensamiento Computacional
Authors: Sarmiento Bolívar Maira Isbeth
Published: January 2021

El artículo presenta la descripción de una serie de lenguajes y entornos de programación que han sido utilizados en actividades de aula con el fin de promover el pensamiento computacional. Para encontrar estas herramientas de software se hizo una búsqueda sistemática en la que se recopiló información relacionada con iniciativas alrededor de Iberoamérica que tuvieran como meta el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional a través de lenguajes y entornos de programación, de estas experiencias se tomaron las herramientas con mayor aceptación y uso, las cuales caracterizan y señalan aspectos como, la particularidad del entorno utilizado, características de uso, tipo de acceso (libre y gratuito), requisitos del sistema, lugares donde es posible conseguir material de apoyo para docentes y estudiantes, sitio oficial. El objetivo del estudio es brindar información a docentes interesados sobre herramientas de software, lenguajes y entornos de programación que puedan ser utilizados en propuestas para trabajar en aula con el fin de desarrollar las habilidades concernientes al pensamiento computacional, la información compartida permite dar a conocer características generales sobre catorce herramientas de software, que por sus particularidades resultan útiles para aprendices, novatos en el tema de programación, por la manera en que se puede escribir el código a través de bloques de arrastrar y soltar o mediante una sintaxis sencillas; de igual manera resultan asequibles a todos los interesados en adquirir estas herramientas, pues en su mayoría son libres y gratuitas.
Models for forecasting water demand using time series analysis: a case study in Southern Brazil
Authors: Ristow Danielle C. M. , Henning Elisa , Kalbusch Andreza , Petersen Cesar E.
Published: January 2021

Technology has been increasingly applied in search for excellence in water resource management. Tools such as demand-forecasting models provide information for utility companies to make operational, tactical and strategic decisions. Also, the performance of water distribution systems can be improved by anticipating consumption values. This work aimed to develop models to conduct monthly urban water demand forecasts by analyzing time series, and adjusting and testing forecast models by consumption category, which can be applied to any location. Open language R was used, with automatic procedures for selection, adjustment, model quality assessment and forecasts. The case study was conducted in the city of Joinville, with water consumption forecasts for the first semester of 2018. The results showed that the seasonal ARIMA method proved to be more adequate to predict water consumption in four out of five categories, with mean absolute percentage errors varying from 1.19 to 15.74%. In addition, a web application to conduct water consumption forecasts was developed.
Residential water demand modelling and hydraulic reliability in design of building water supply systems: a review
Authors: Mangalekar R. D. , Gumaste K. S.
Published: January 2021

The building water supply system is a fundamental unit in water supply systems as it is directly associated with end users. However, the studies available on its efficient design are limited. Water demand estimation continues to be an important issue in water supply systems' design because of its multifaceted nature. Hunter's curve, or Fixture Unit method, is widely used for estimating the load on plumbing. Regardless of its popularity, it has a few drawbacks and is arbitrarily modified in some plumbing codes. Fixture-use probability, a basic entity in the Fixture Unit and some other methods, is a difficult parameter to estimate. Commonly, high-resolution field data is used for stochastic modelling of residential water demand which may not be always available. The paper reviews important residential water demand models in view of their applicability in building water supply system design. The irregular nature of water demand in buildings is due to uncertainty in water-use behaviour of users at fixture level. Use of soft-computing techniques can provide an advantage over the other methods in modelling such behaviour. The paper also discusses reliability of building water supply systems and applicability of some common indices for estimating reliability of building water supply systems.
Engelli Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Sorunları ve Kaygılarının Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Yarımdağ Emine , Erciyes Jade Cemre
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, engelli çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri doğrultusunda çocuklarıyla ilişkilerinde rol ve sorumlulukları, yaşanılan sorunların ve kaygıların ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmada özellikle toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında inceleme yapılmasından dolayı aynı aile içerisinde olan 10 anne ve 10 baba olmak üzere 20 ebeveyn ile görüşülmüştür. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik yöntem ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri literatür taraması ve alan bilgisi doğrultusunda araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan görüşme soruları aracılığıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmış ve nitel yöntem ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ebeveynlerin çocuklarına dair yaşanan sorunlar ve kaygılara dair görüşlerinin anne ve babalarda çok fazla değişiklik göstermediği ancak anlık sorun alanları doğrultusunda yaşanan kaygıların anneleri daha fazla etkilediği, engelli çocuklarının sorumluluklarına dair kadınların daha fazla rol aldığı, yaşanan sorunların anlık çözümlerinde babaların daha olumlu şeyler düşünebildikleri ancak bu sorunların genellenmesi ya da geleceğe dönük olmasında onların da çözüm getirme konusunda anneler kadar zorluk yaşadıkları görülmüştür. Annelerin sosyal destek aldıklarına dair daha olumlu görüşleri olduğu, babaların sosyal destek göremedikleri ya da çevrelerindeki bireylerin meşgul olmalarından kaynaklı destek alamadıkları sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin yaşadıkları sorunlarda ise annelerin çocuklar ile daha fazla ilgilenmesinden kaynaklı kendi iyilik halleri ile ilgili problemler yaşadıkları, çocuklarına dair yapılan ayrımcı ve olumsuz tavırları babalara oranla daha fazla içselleştirdikleri ve bu sorunlarla baş edebilmek adına psiko-sosyal destek ihtiyacı duydukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Psiko-sosyal desteğin ediniminde ise babaların daha isteksiz olduğu, annelerin ise bu destek sistemini almayı istedikleri görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, sunulmakta olan sınırlı psiko-sosyal destek hizmetleri arttırılarak, sosyal hizmetin savunucu, ara bulucu, vaka yöneticisi ve danışman rollerinin de yerine getirilmesiyle, engelli çocukların da ailelerinin de iyilik halinin sağlanması gerekmektedir.
The Influence of Media Coverage and Governmental Policies on Google Queries Related to COVID-19 Cutaneous Symptoms: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Huynh Dagher Solene , Lamé Guillaume , Hubiche Thomas , Ezzedine Khaled , Duong Tu Anh
Published: January 2021

Background

During COVID-19, studies have reported the appearance of internet searches for disease symptoms before their validation by the World Health Organization. This suggested that monitoring of these searches with tools including Google Trends may help monitor the pandemic itself. In Europe and North America, dermatologists reported an unexpected outbreak of cutaneous acral lesions (eg, chilblain-like lesions) in April 2020. However, external factors such as public communications may also hinder the use of Google Trends as an infodemiology tool.

Objective

The study aimed to assess the impact of media announcements and lockdown enforcement on internet searches related to cutaneous acral lesions during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020.

Methods

Two searches on Google Trends, including daily relative search volumes for (1) “toe” or “chilblains” and (2) “coronavirus,” were performed from January 1 to May 16, 2020, with the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany as the countries of choice. The ratio of interest over time in “chilblains” and “coronavirus” was plotted. To assess the impact of lockdown enforcement and media coverage on these internet searches, we performed an interrupted time-series analysis for each country.

Results

The ratio of interest over time in “chilblains” to “coronavirus” showed a constant upward trend. In France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, lockdown enforcement was associated with a significant slope change for “chilblain” searches with a variation coefficient of 1.06 (SE 0.42) (P=0.01), 1.04 (SE 0.28) (P<.01), and 1.21 (SE 0.44) (P=0.01), respectively. After media announcements, these ratios significantly increased in France, Spain, Italy, and the United States with variation coefficients of 18.95 (SE 5.77) (P=.001), 31.31 (SE 6.31) (P<.001), 14.57 (SE 6.33) (P=.02), and 11.24 (SE 4.93) (P=.02), respectively, followed by a significant downward trend in France (–1.82 [SE 0.45]), Spain (–1.10 [SE 0.38]), and Italy (–0.93 [SE 0.33]) (P<.001, P=0.004, and P<.001, respectively). The adjusted R2 values were 0.311, 0.351, 0.325, and 0.305 for France, Spain, Italy, and the United States, respectively, suggesting an average correlation between time and the search volume; however, this correlation was weak for Germany and the United Kingdom.

Conclusions

To date, the association between chilblain-like lesions and COVID-19 remains controversial; however, our results indicate that Google queries of “chilblain” were highly influenced by media coverage and government policies, indicating that caution should be exercised when using Google Trends as a monitoring tool for emerging diseases.
Pengaruh Jenis Persalinan Bedah Sesar terhadap Kejadian Diare dan ISPA pada Bayi
Authors: Askar Nia Fararid , Wirakusumah Firman Fuad , L.T Maringan Diapari , Susiarno Hadi , Rusmil Kusnandi , Agustian Dwi
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang: Persalinan bedah sesar mempunyai risiko kegagalan pemberian ASI pada bayi karena durasi Inisiasi Menyusu Dini yang lebih singkat dan mobilisasi dini yang lebih lama daripada persalinan normal sehingga dapat mengakibatkan bayi rentan terhadap diare dan ISPA.Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh jenis persalinan bedah sesar dibandingkan dengan persalinan normal terhadap kejadian diare dan ISPA berdasarkan faktor: lama pemberian ASI Eksklusif, Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, mobilisasi dini, dan status imunisasi.Metode: Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus-kontrol. Sebanyak 220 responden (110 responden pada kejadian diare dan 110 responden pada kejadian ISPA) didapat berdasarkan rumus studi analitik komparatif tidak berpasangan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi logistik.Hasil: Uji regresi logistik pada ibu dengan persalinan bedah sesar terhadap kejadian diare pada bayi nilai OR= 0,178 (0,065-0,486), Ibu dengan persalinan bedah sesar terhadap kejadian ISPA pada bayi mempunyai nilai OR= 2,773 (1,058-7,269).Kesimpulan:  Persalinan bedah sesar dapat melindungi terhadap kejadian diare dan persalinan bedah sesar berisiko terhadap kejadian ISPA. Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dapat mencegah bayi dan balita dari kejadian diare dan ISPA.
Pilihan Jenis Pelayanan Bidan pada Masyarakat Urban, Sub-Urban dan Rural
Authors: Nirmala Sefita Aryuti , Mandiri Ariyati
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang: Data WHO menunjukkan angka kematian ibu di dunia dari tahun 2000 hingga 2017 mengalami penurunan sebesar 38%. Angka kematian ibu di dunia, 94% berada pada negara miskin dan berbagai faktor pendukung lainnya. Hal tersebut tidak jauh berbeda dengan kondisi di Indonesia. Keberadaan bidan di Indonesia sangat membantu akses pelayanan kesehatan. Layanan kebidanan dapat diakses mulai dari fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer hingga tingkat tersier dan menyebar di berbagai wilayah. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi masyarakat dalam memilih jasa layanan bidan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran jenis pelayanan bidan yang dipilih oleh masyarakat di daerah urban, sub-urban dan rural.Metode: Metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan menggunakan data primer dengan responden berjumlah 300 orang. Lokasi penelitian daerah urban di Kecamatan Buahbatu, Kota Bandung, daerah sub-urban di Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang dan Kecamatan Rancaekek, Kabupaten Bandung. Daerah rural di Kecamatan Pamulihan, Kabupaten Sumedang.Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan masyarakat sub-urban terbanyak menggunakan jasa bidan yaitu 97%. Jenis layanan paling banyak pada pemeriksaan kehamilan 96% dan diikuti 79% pertolongan persalinan pada masyarakat sama yaitu daerah sub-urban.Kesimpulan: Masyarakat sub-urban paling banyak menggunakan jasa layanan bidan dengan pilihan jenis layanan pemeriksaan kehamilan dan persalinan.
RETINAL CHANGES IN PREGNANCY INDUCED-HYPERTENSION
Authors: ZADE MANDAR , VEERAMANI V. PANIMALAR A. , N. DIVYA , BHASKARAN BINDU
Published: January 2021

Objective: The aim is to determine the prevalence of retinal changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) and its association with age, parity, proteinuria, blood pressureand severity of PIH.

Methods: This is a tertiary hospital based Cross-Sectional study including all patients, clinically diagnosed with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension. General demographic details along with age, gravida, gestation period, proteinuria, blood pressure and severity of PIH were noted. Ophthalmic examination was performed and detailed fundus examination was done.

Results: A total of 52 patients were included in this study. Their mean age was 24.9 y; 32 out of 52 patients were primigravida (61%) and 20 patients were multi gravida (39%). Out of 52 patients 34 (65.38%) had Gestational Hypertension, 16 (30.76%) had preeclampsia, and 2 (3.8%) had eclampsia. 3 (5.76%) out of 29 patients with BP<160/100 mmHg and 10 (19.23%) out of 23 patients with BP>160/100 mmHg had developed Hypertensive Retinopathy. Hypertensive Retinopathy was seen in 13 (25%). Proteinuria was seen in 10 (19.23%) patients ranging between+to+++on the dipstick.

Conclusion: Statistically significant correlation between retinal changes and proteinuria, blood pressure and severity of Disease.The most important requisite in a case of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension is Fundoscopic examination of retina. The retinal vessels during PIH form a gateway to visualize changes in the body and placental vessels, and may play a key role in early detection and treatment of PIH for protection of the mother as well as the fetus.