bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood levels of stable nitric oxide metabolites in metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shamansurova Zulaykho Muralimzhanovna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To measure stable metabolites of nitric oxide (SMNO), i.e. nitrites and nitrates, and compare the results with other biochemical characteristicsof blood in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM1 and DM2) or metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods. The following parameters were measured in 61 patients with DM, 12 with obesity, 8 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT),and 12 healthy subjects: blood glucose level (fasting and 2 hr postprandially), HbA1c, insulin, C-peptide, SMNO, lipid spectrum, erythrocyte sialidaseactivity (ESA), and insulin resistance index (HOMA). Results. Postprandial glycemia was elevated in DM1, DM2, and IGT patients, HOMA in those with DM2 and IGT, ESA in all DM and MS patients.SMNO level was reduced in all groups especially in patients with DM and diabetic nephropathy. It negatively correlated with total cholesterol, TG,LDL, and ESA. Conclusion. Blood SMNO level as an indicator of endothelial dysfunction is of high diagnostic value starting from the early stages of impaired carbohydratemetabolism.
The role of human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog in therapy of type 2 dianetes mellitus
Authors: Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: November 2013

The first human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog (liraglutide) was registered in Russia in May 2010. This review contains data on the results of randomizedclinical studies of this preparation applied to the treatment of patients with DM2 as monotherapy and in combination with traditional hypoglycemicagents (LEAD 1-6 program). Liraglutide is shown to have advantages when used by patients with an excess body mass and obesity, those atrisk of cardiovascular diseases and prone to develop hypoglycemia. Patients treated with liraglutide (1.8 mg) more frequently achieved the desired efficacyendpoints (НbА1с < 7%, reduced body mass and AP control) of than those using traditional therapy (24 vs 3-14%).
Pre-clinical markers for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lebedeva Nadezhda Olegovna , Vikulova Olga Konstantinovna
Published: November 2013

Due to progressive nature of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and limited effectiveness of therapeutic efforts at clinically overt stages, diagnosisof pre-clinical (and, therefore, potentially reversible) DN is especially important. To date, however, test for microalbuminuriaremains the only technique applicable for early diagnostics of DN. Current review addresses search for potential markers of pre-clinical stage of DN in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and embracesdata from latest experimental and clinical studies in this area.
Attitudes in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2
Authors: Motovilin Oleg Gennad'evich , Lunyakina Olga Vital'evna , Surkova Elena Viktorovna , Shishkova Yulia Andreevna , Mel'nikova Olga Georgievna , Mayorov Alexander Yur'evich
Published: November 2013

Aims. To compare disease attitudes in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) and to evaluate relationship between attitudes and psychological welfare of these groups. Materials and Methods. We examined 140 patients with T1DM and 70 patients with T2DM on insulin therapy (mean age 22.6?3.2 and 60.1?7.8 years; male/female ratio 47/93 and 15/55; duration of diabetes 12.1?5.7 and 11.4?6.5 years, HbA1c 9.3?2.2 и 9.0?1.4%, respectively). Psychological parameters were assessed by following methods: Bekhterev Disease Attitude Typing (DAT), Colour Attitude Test (CAT), SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Health Survey), Spielberger Anxiety Inventory (SAI), CES-D Depression Scale, Dembo-Rubinstein (DR) technique for self-esteem assessment. Results. DAT showed increased sensitive attitude to their disease in patients with T1 and T2DM, being significantly higher in T2DM. According to CAT, T2DM patients perceive DM as a disease, associated with severe manifestations and complications, while T1DM patients tend to incorporate the notion of diabetes with lifestyle. Cluster analysis showed negative disease attitude to be associated independently of diabetes type with decrease in quality of life and emotional deterioration (higher anxiety and depression score, as measured by SF-36, SAI and CES-D). Conclusion. Disease attitude typing and correction is important in management of DM. Emotional acceptance allows improvement in quality of life and promotes psychological welfare. Also, despite the absence of direct relationship between HbA1c and disease attitudes (which, is plausibly non-linear), emotional acceptance may favour glycemic compensation due to increase in compliance.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of autoantibodies for diabetes mellitus. A novel T1D autoimmunity target - zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8)
Authors: Shapoval'yants Olga Sergeevna , Nikonova Tatiana Vasil'evna
Published: November 2013

The progressive loss of beta cells in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a result of chronic autoimmune attack targeted at diverse molecules expressing in thepancreatic beta cells. The appearance of cellular and humoral autoimmunity precedes the clinical manifestation of T1D. There are several autoantigenswhich are supposed to be involved in pathogenesis of TD1. Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8; Slc30A8) was identified as a novel T1D autoimmunitytarget.
A cost-effectiveness analysis of intensive therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (results of Steno-2 study)
Authors: Khalimov Yury Shavkatovich , Rudakova Alla Vsevolodovna
Published: November 2013

Intensive combined therapy including modification of the lifestyle, intake of metformin and/or sulfonylureas, insulin treatment in the absence ofadequate HbAc1 control, hypolipidemic, early antihypertensive and antithrombotic therapy not only decreases the frequency of DM2 complicationsbut also reduces the total cost of the treatment (1.8 times compared with traditional therapy). Reduction in cardiovascular mortality achieved inSTENO-2 was due to intense control of risk factors at early stages of therapy with the use of modified release gliclazide (Diabeton MV). This treatmentis considered to be not only more efficacious than routine therapy but also to significantly reduce the cost of the management of DM2
Epidemiological characteristics of diabetes mellitus and its complications in the Omsk region
Authors: Sayfullina Marina Lukmanovna , Suntsov Yury Ivanovich , Sovalkin Valeriy Ivanovich , Stasenko Vladimir Leonidovich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To evaluate epidemiological situation with respect to diabetes morbidity in the Omsk region during 2002-2008. Materials and methods. This prospective cohort study used official statistical reporting forms № 12. A total of 1398 Acts of medical and social assessment,Statistical cards (form № 25), Minute books of medico-social examination commissions, and Collected information-statistical materials ondisability situation in the Omsk region were available for analysis. Results. A stable trend toward reduction of unfavourable outcomes of diabetes mellitus (DM) (complications, physical disability and mortality) hasbeen documented despite overall enhancement of DM morbidity in the region. Conclusion. The study revealed improved rehabilitation records among disabled diabetics.
Effect of duration of diabetes mellitus on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Guseynova Rena Kyzy , Mirzazadze Valekh Ogly
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study effect of duration of diabetes mellitus on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) andmetabolic syndrome (MS) or without it. Materials and methods. The study included 115 patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome and 45 patients with DM2 without MS (controls).Of 115 MS patients and of 45 control ones, 42 and 17 respectively presented with different forms of DR. Ophthalmological examination was performedby generally accepted methods including visiometry, tonometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, and fluorescent angiography. Results. The study revealed a well-apparent tendency toward an increase of DR occurrence in MS patients with duration of DM2 (10.0%, 53.1%,82.6% during 0-4, 5-9, and 10 or more years respectively). Significant difference between DR incidence was recorded in MS patients having DM2for 0-4 and 5-9 years (p0.05 in controls). Conclusion. Occurrence of DR increases with duration of DM2 with and without MS but fails to correlate with HbA1c levels in either condition.
Prevalence of renal lesions in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation
Authors: Maslova Oksana Vladimirovna , Suntsov Yury Ivanovich , Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna , Kazakov Igor Vladislavovich , Vikulova Olga Konstantinovna , Sukhareva Olga Yur'evna , Martynov Sergey Andreevich , Trubitsyna Natalya Petrovna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study the prevalence of renal lesions in adult patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. A total of 7174 patients with DM1 and DM2 were examined in 20 regions of the Russian Federation for blood HbA1c creatinine,urea, and cholesterol levels, albumin excretion in a single urine sample, AP, and eye fundus condition. Albumin concentration from 20 to 200mg/l was regarded as microalbuminuria (MAU) that above 200 mg/l as proteinuria (PU). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated fromCockroft-Gault formula. Statistica-6 program was used for statistical treatment of the results of the study. They are represented as median, 25th and75th percentile values (Me [25%;75%]). Differences between all parameters is considered significant at p
New strategies of insulin therapy - a way to effective glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Biryukova Elena Valer'evna
Published: November 2013

This paper focuses on the approaches to target glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is emphasized that timely onset of insulintherapy enhances glycemic control and reduces the risk of vascular complications. One way to achieve this goal is to use modern strategies of intensivehypoglycemic therapy with insulins having improved pharmacokinetic and pharmakodynamic properties, e.g. glargine (Lantus) and glulysine (Apidra).Results of international clinical studies confirm effi-ciency of basal and basal-plus insulin strategies allowing to achieve glycemic control in type 2diabetes without heightening the risk of hypoglycemia, development and progression of vascular complications.
Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation: Pro et Contra
Authors: Glazunova Alexandra Mikhailovna , Kvaratskheliya Malkhaz Viktorovich , Shamkhalova Minara Shamkhalovna , Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: November 2013

The review addresses the questions of history, clinical features and outcomes of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in patients with diabetesmellitus type 1. This approach was shown to have positive aspects, such as improvement of glycemic control, rapid normalization and long-termmaintenance of glycated hemoglobin levels, disappearance of hypoglycemic events, and deceleration of coronary artery disease progression resultedin reduced incidence of cardiovascular mortality. Operative risk and post-transplantation complications are also described in details.
Biosimilars: presumption of guilt
Authors: Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna , Vikulova Olga Konstantinovna
Published: November 2013

Some chronic systemic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, require the life-long use of biotechnological medical products, of which quality,effectiveness and safety depends the duration and quality of life for patients.Patent protection expiry of many original biological agents has assumed the key role in development of biosimilars (replica versions of originalbiotechnological products) and their broad entrance to the pharmaceutical market. Because of structural complexity of biological products andimpossibility of precise reproduction of patented processing, biosimilars are not ideal duplicates of original substances. Despite numerous evidence oftherapeutic nonequivalence, danger of mechanical substitution of original agents still exists in Russia due to lower price of biosimilars - and lackof legislative acts, regulating registration and circulation of such drugs.In this article we characterize biosimilars in great detail and review major problems of their use, that is: aspects of quality control; disparity withoriginal bio-agents in efficacy and safety; clinical trial requirements, registration procedures and subsequent safety control.
The role of coagulation and inflammation in the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients withdiabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Khasanova Yulia Valer'evna , Nelaeva Alsu Asatovna , Galkina Anna Borisovna , Medvedeva Irina Vasil'evna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To reveal the role of inflammatory markers (homocystein (HC), interleukin-6 (IL-6)), components of hemostatic mechanism ofcoagulation in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and methods. A total of 240 patients with T2DM and DN were examined. Results. Negative correlation between HC level and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r= -0,38) and positive correlation between IL-6and fibrinogen (r=0,55) were observed. Conclusion. Inflammation and changes in mechanism of coagulation have influence on development and progression of DN in patientswith T2DM.
Characteristics of natural history of diabetes mellitus, manifested after Cushing disease treatment
Authors: Peretokina Elena Viktorovna , Bondarenko Irina Ziyatovna , Smirnova Olga Mikhailovna , Terekhin Sergey Anatol'evich
Published: November 2013

We report a case of diabetes mellitus, manifested against the background of hormone replacement therapy after treatment of Cushingdisease.
Metabolism of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers in liver and gastric mucosa of rats with experimental diabetes and varying stress resistance
Authors: Protasova Svetlana Vladimirovna , Butolin Evgeny Germanovich , Oksuzyan Artur Valer'evich
Published: November 2013

Aim. To measure concentration of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers in liver and gastric mucosa of rats with alloxan diabetes and varying stressresistance. Materials and methods. The ?open field? test was used to allocate the animals to 2 groups (stress-sensitive and stress-resistant). Insulin-dependentdiabetes was induced by a single s/c injection of alloxan tetrahydrate (170 mg/kg). Total glycosaminoglycanes and gyaluronidase activity were measuredin gastric mucosa. Results. Concentration of glycosaminoglycanes (sialic acids) in the liver increased in animals of both groups and reached a maximum on day 30. Conclusion. Metabolism of sialoglycoproteins in gastric mucosa was dominated by catabolic processes most intense on day 45 after induction of experimentaldiabetes
Insulin glargine does not increase the risk of malignancy.Synopsis of the article ?Combined randomised controlled trial experience of malignancies in studies using insulin glargine?byHome P.D. & Lagarenne P. (Diabetologia 2009, vol. 52 (12): 2499-2506)
Authors: Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna , Glinkina Irina Vladimirovna
Published: November 2013

Results of 31 controlled randomized studies of insulin glargine given to patients with diabetes mellitus are reviewed to evaluate the frequency of malignantneoplasms. 52 tumours were diagnosed in 45 (0.8%) patients on insulin glargine therapy and 48 tumors in 46 (0.9%) patients using other insulins(mostly NPX insulin). The incidence of breast cancer was equal (0.1%) in both groups (4 and 6 cases respectively). These data indicate thatthe use of insuline glargine does not increase the risk of malignancy, e.g. breast cancer.
Efficacy of combined treatment of distal polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant primaryhypothyroidism
Authors: Dubinina Inessa Ivanovna , Karapysh Tatiana Vladimirovna , Nosova Nina Fedorovna
Published: November 2013

Aim. To study changes of metabolic parameters and neurologic manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant primaryhypothyroidism under effect of combined therapy. Materials and methods. 62 patients with distal neuropathy (DN) including 16 with DM2 and primary hypothyroidism (PHT) (group 1), 32 DM2patients without thyroid pathology (group 2), and 15 patients with PHT without DM (group 3). The patients were matched for age and durationof all above diseases. They were treated by alpha lipoic acid-based drugs: thioctacid, thiogamma, berlithion, octolipen (600 U/d i/v), vitamins B:milgamma, combilipen (2 ml/d i/m) for 12 weeks. All measurements were made at admittance, 21 days and 12 weeks after it. The efficacy of therapywas estimated from changes in HbA1c levels, fasting and postprandial glycemia, lipid metabolism. DN was diagnosed using NSS, TSS, NDS, NDSm,and NIS-LL scales. Results. Combined therapy of patients with DM2 and PHT resulted in a decrease of HbA1c levels within 12 weeks, fasting and postprandialglycemia within 21 and 12 weeks respectively. Compensation of PHT led to a decrease of total cholesterol and triglyceride levels within 12 weeks.Subcompensation of carbohydrate metabolism (postprandial glycemia) improved neurologic symptoms within 21 weeks in all patients (NSS and TSSscales). The same effect was documented within 12 weeks in patients without thyroid pathology (NSS, TSS, NDS, NDSm, and NIS-LL scales). Inthose with PHT beneficial effect was revealed only using the NIS-LL scale. The worst outcome of therapy estimated from NSS, TSS, NDS, NDSm,and NIS-LL scales was documented in patients with DM2+PHT probably due to additional effect of thyroid pathology on the severity of DN. Conclusion. The use of NSS, TSS, NDS, NDSm, and NIS-LL scales makes it possible to reveal changes in the severity of sensorimotor disturbancesin DN patients depending on metabolic parameters modified by pathogenetic therapy.
Diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: achievements, unresolved problems, and prospects for therapy
Authors: Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna , Shamkhalova Minara Shamkhalovna , Yarek-Martynova Ivona Yanovna , Klefortova Inna Igorevna , Sukhareva Olga Yur'evna , Vikulova Olga Konstantinovna , Zaytseva Natalya Vladislavovna , Martynov Sergey Andreevich , Kvaratskheliya Malkhaz Viktorovich , Tarasov Evgeny Vladimirovich , Trubitsyna Natalya Petrovna
Published: November 2013

The dramatic increase in the number of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic renal disease (CRD) in the recent years emphasizes the closeassociation between the two conditions and the leading role of DM in the development of renal pathology. Diabetology and nephrology are highly costlybranches of public health, and the burden of substitution renal therapy in DM patients continues to grow. The necessity of a renoprotection programat the early stages of DM for the prevention or delay of terminal renal insufficiency becomes increasingly clear. Such program should be based on theconceptual model of the evolvement of diabetic nephropathy as a consequence of combined action of metabolic and hemodynamic factors modulatedby genetic ones.
Hyperprolactinemia and pregnancy: the basic achievements and unresolved problems
Authors: Dzeranova L K , Bykanova N S , Pigarova E A
Published: November 2013

From the sociopolitical and economic points of view the child-bearing is very actual problem for Russia. Demographers believe that our population can decrease twice in 25-30 years, because of medical factors partly.Every fifth family in Russia is infertility now. Female infertility is caused by hyperprolactinemia in 25-40 % of all cases. Rate of hyperprolactinemia at the infertile men reaches 30 %. However hyperprolactinemia is the cause of infertility which can be successfully cured now.
Prevention of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES
Authors: Troshina E A , Sekinaeva A V , Abdulhabirova F M
Published: November 2013

The aim of study was to research the state of iodine prophylactic in pregnant women in Russian Federation and offer the optimal levels of daily iodine intake during pregnancy and lactation.414 pregnant and breast-feeding women and 256 newborns from 3 various regions of Russian Federation were observed in this survey. Women have been divided into 2 groups: 1st group taking of 200 μg of KI per day, 2nd group 300 KI μg per day during pregnancy and lactation.The following surveys were performed: TSH; fT4; AT'TPO; urinary iodine concentration (UIC); indicators of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit, iron, ferritin; ultrasound examination of a thyroid.Initially, the median of UIC in all regions is below threshold level 150 μg/l. In Nizhny Novgorod it is 140,8 μg/l; Smolensk -62,7 μg/l and Moscow Region 127,5 μg/l that confirms iodine insufficient in pregnant women.Optimal iodine nutrition during pregnancy and lactation is reached by the only regular iodine prophylactic, and the requirement of iodine should be at least 250 μg/day.With presence of the iron deficiency anemia which was revealed in 22,3% of pregnant women, efficiency of iodine prophylactic is decreasing and optimum preventive doses of iodine for the this category of pregnant women is at least300 μg/day.
This Logo Moves Me: Dynamic Imagery from Static Images
Authors: Cian Luca , Krishna Aradhna , Elder Ryan S.
Published: November 2013

The authors propose that static visuals can evoke a perception of movement (i.e., dynamic imagery) and thereby affect consumer engagement and attitudes. Focusing on brand logos as the static visual element, the authors measure the perceived movement evoked by the logo and demonstrate that the evoked dynamic imagery affects the level of consumer engagement with the brand logo. They measure consumer engagement through both self-report measures and eye-tracking technology and find that engagement affects consumer attitudes toward the brand. The authors also show that the perceived movement–engagement–attitude effect is moderated by the congruence between perceived movement and brand characteristics. These findings suggest that dynamic imagery is an important aspect of logo design, and if used carefully, it can enhance brand attitudes.
Charged spaces
Authors: Klein John R. , Peter John W.
Published: November 2013

Let C be a model category with an initial object

⌀

${\varnothing }$

and functorial factorizations. Let

S
:
C
→
C

${S : C \rightarrow C}$

be the suspension functor.
An object X of C is said to be charged if it comes equipped
with a map

S
⌀
→
X

${S \varnothing \rightarrow X}$

.
If Y is any object of C, then S
Y has a preferred charge, given by
applying suspension to the map

⌀
→
Y

${\varnothing \rightarrow Y}$

. This motivates the question of whether
a given charged object is a suspension up to a weak equivalence in a way that preserves charge structures.
We study this question in the context
of spaces over a given space, where we give a complete obstruction in a certain metastable range. As an application we show how this can be used to study when an embedding
into a smooth manifold of the form N×I compresses to an embedding into N.
Solving a System of Linear and Nonlinear Fractional Partial Differential Equations Using Homotopy Perturbation Method
Authors: Matinfar M. , Saeidy M. , Eslami M.
Published: November 2013

This paper presents approximate analytical solutions for systems of fractional differential equations using the homotopy perturbation method. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. The application of homotopy perturbation method, developed for differential equations of integer order, is extended to derive approximate analytical solutions of systems of fractional differential equations. The solutions of our model equations are calculated in the form of convergent series through easily computable components. Using symbolic computation, some examples are solved as illustrations. The numerical results show that the approach is accurate and easy to implement, when applied to systems of fractional differential equations. The method introduces a promising tool for solving many linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations.
Yvain among Friars
Authors: Bandlien Bjørn
Published: November 2013

This article focuses on the cultural context of a late medieval manuscript of Herr Ivan, the Old Swedish translation of Chrétien de Troyes’ Yvain. This manuscript (Stockholm, Riksarkivet, E 8822 fol.) is unique in several respects. First, its language shows that it was adapted for a Norwegian, rather than Swedish, audience. Second, it is the only manuscript of Herr Ivan that contains almost exclusively devotional poems. Third, according to a note in the manuscript, it was compiled by Friar Johannes of Nidaros, a Franciscan living in Trondheim in the third quarter of the fifteenth century. Thus, while the most recent studies of the Swedish work indicate that the translator skilfully adapted Chrétien’s romance for a Swedish court audience in the early fourteenth century, E 8822 suggests that Norwegian Franciscans found Herr Ivan proper in a devotional context as well. To understand Friar Johannes’s purpose in compiling the manuscript, the uses of romances and poetry by medieval Franciscans are discussed. Saint Francis of Assisi himself used Arthurian imagery in his preaching, and especially in Italy and England the medieval Franciscans have been connected to the development of the religious lyric in the vernacular and the increase in the use of popular narratives in preaching. Still, very few Franciscan manuscripts of Arthurian romances survive in medieval Europe. Many friars perceived these romances as challenging. In the case of Friar Johannes, it is argued here that the potential in the hero’s encounter with the hermit was used to show the laity how important it was to turn to the Franciscans for spiritual guidance. From being a romance meant for the knightly élite, E 8822 was later reoriented to address a wider audience, especially the wealthy farmers in the parishes, perhaps in order to attract gifts from the pious. In return for donations the Franciscans offered donors a part of the good deeds of the friars. The article suggests that Herr Ivan was performed at local gatherings, such as weddings or guild feasts. On such occasions, the friars could use both Herr Ivan as well as the devotional poems in the manuscript to generate emotional responses in the audience, although this audience was much wider and different to the one in the mind of the Swedish translator in the early fourteenth century.
Degrees of Veracity in the Morte Darthur: Elements of Malory’s Chronicle Style*This article began as a contribution to the round table in honour of Edward Donald Kennedy on the topic ‘Chronicles and Romance’, which took place at the XXIIIrd Triennial Congress of the International Arthurian Society in Bristol (2011), and remains dedicated to Professor Kennedy both for his scholarship and great generosity.
Authors: Crofts Thomas H.
Published: November 2013

Within his masterful use of the chronicle style, which imparts at least a provisional truth value to the subject, Sir Thomas Malory’s prose implies varying and shifting levels of veracity. The Morte Darthur’s famous incipit ‘Hit befell’ – a characteristic feature of the chronicle style – may suggest the matter’s historical veracity on the one hand, even if, on the other, it may signal an unhistorical tale imitating an historical one. Again, Malory consistently backs up the authority, or veracity, of a statement with reference to ‘the French book’. Elsewhere he purports to relate only ‘auctorysed’ events. However, when he is narrating King Arthur’s death, Malory must distinguish the truth value of his account from that of ‘men in many parts of England’ who say that Arthur will return from Avalon and ‘he shall wynne the Holy Crosse’. Malory’s own historiography requires that he reject such hearsay. This, however, is a most cherished piece of hearsay; as I argue, Malory’s prose reflects the care with which he must proceed to its rejection. By what standard, in a text founded overwhelmingly on romance traditions, does Malory sort out the ‘real’ story of Arthur’s death and burial from the ‘false’ one? More generally, at what point before Arthur’s death did we enter a self-consciously historical or unhistorical representation of history? What consistency can we impute any particular level of truth in the Morte? The rhetorical conventions Malory uses are those of a chronicler, but, as I shall argue, the romance-nature of his material keeps him, and his reader, alert to just such questions.
An Insertion Rate Model for Pile Installation in Sand by Jetting
Authors: Gabr M. A. , Borden Roy H. , Denton R. L. , Smith Alex W.
Published: November 2013

The use of jetting is an approach to aid the installation of piles, especially in areas that have hard but relatively shallow subsurface soil layers. Jetting piles for a portion of their installation depth minimize their exposure to excessive driving stress and provide energy savings and noise reduction. However, the literature offers little information regarding the appropriate selection of jetting parameters, such as flow rate and jet velocity, which are needed to produce the desired installation times as a function of soil strength. This paper presents a model for estimating pile jetting parameters based on the results from laboratory and field testing. The model is based on an idealization of the applied shear stress that is produced by the jet as well as the soil resistance to pile insertion. The model is applied to 19 field installations where the jetted depths of the piles range from 10–34 ft. The field data yield ratios of 6–20 for the jet flow rate (Qw) to the rate of the pile volume insertion in terms of time (Qp), with the lower ratios associated with higher jet velocities. The proposed model yields an estimated Qw/Qp that is within +/− 20 % of the measured values.
Experimental Accuracy of the Initial Specific Volume
Authors: Rocchi I. , Coop M. R.
Published: November 2013

Many advanced soil models rely on the current state relative to normal and critical state lines to describe soil behavior. The position of these lines, therefore, requires an accurate estimation of the specific volume or void ratio. A series of one-dimensional compression tests was performed both on a coarse and a fine grained soil to investigate the experimental accuracy of the initial specific volume. This was obtained comparing independent calculations of the initial specific volume that were based on redundant measurements of height and weight of the specimen, both at the beginning and at the end of the test. The redundancy in the measurements was a key factor to obtain independent calculations. It was found that the excess water, such as may be stored in the filter papers, was the main cause of inaccuracy, when gross errors did not occur. Two novel confining rings having a closed-base were designed to reduce this effect. Although this was possible for the coarse grained soils tested, the fine grained soils retained more water due to the higher suction at the end of the test and water adsorption could not be avoided. The assumption of saturation is shown to be far from accurate, meaning that both the bulk unit weight and the water content should be measured independently to obtain a reliable measurement of the specific volume. The specific volume of the intact soil was found to be less accurate than when reconstituted. The experimental scatter was compared with the theoretical accuracy obtained from the error propagation theory. Good agreement was found between the theoretical and experimental accuracy.
Circulating IGF system and treatment outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Huang Yu-Fang , Cheng Wen-Fang , Wu Yu-Peng , Cheng Ya-Min , Hsu Keng-Fu , Chou Cheng-Yang
Published: November 2013

Aggressive epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) frequently progress and become fatal, even when cytoreduction surgery plus platinum-based chemotherapy are performed. Thus, the early detection of high-risk subgroups is important in order to provide opportunities for better treatment outcomes, using alternative therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to explore the expression of circulating IGF system components and their relationship with treatment outcome in EOC. We included 228 patients with a median follow-up time of 44 months at two tertiary centers. There were 68 cancer deaths and 108 cases of cancer progression in the cohort. Preoperative serum levels of total IGF1, IGF2, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), and IGFBP3 were analyzed using an ELISA and were then converted into an IGF1:IGFBP3 molar ratio. The risks of mortality and progression were estimated using Cox regression models in univariate and multivariate analyses. Our results showed that high IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBP3 levels were significantly associated with an early cancer stage, non-serous histology, and optimal cytoreduction. High IGFBP2 levels were associated with an advanced stage and serous histology. Overall and progression-free survival durations were significantly better among patients with high IGF1 (P=0.003 andP=0.001), IGF2 (P=0.003 andP=0.02), or IGFBP3 levels (P=0.02 andP=0.008). In multivariate analysis, serum IGFBP2 levels were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio=1.84, 95% CI: 1.07–3.18,P=0.03), indicating that IGFBP2 could be used as an early predictor of EOC-related mortality. The combination of elevated IGFBP2 and reduced IGF1 levels at diagnosis could further facilitate the identification of a patient subgroup with the worst prognosis.
The changing position of balneo- and hydrotherapy in medicine
Authors: Gömör Béla
Published: November 2013

Therapy with water has been known for thousands of years. Hot water bath was always pleasant for people. During the 19th century it was applied for the treatment of several diseases and modern medicine should not miss it. Today balneotherapy may help gymnastic procedures and it is commonly used in combination with other types of physiotherapy, too. Orv. Hetil., 154(48), 1900–1904.
The importance of physiotherapeutic exercises in the treatment of different disorders
Authors: Fehérné Kiss Anna
Published: November 2013

Therapeutic exercises are the broadest and most challenging parts of physiotherapy which have developed significantly during the last few decades. Their implication is necessary for the treatment of impairments and activities affecting especially the musculoskeletal system. In addition, therapeutic exercises, including both traditional and new methods, may influence the functions of other systems. Specialization in physiotherapy can provide special interventions at different clinical fields performed by physiotherapists. Physiotherapists are independent professionals performing patient assessment, evaluation and measurements; they set the functional diagnosis, apply the necessary interventions, and re-evaluate the patients. Consulting with the doctor they can provide high level service for the clients. Orv. Hetil., 154(48), 1912–1916.
Pigmented eccrine poroma: report of an atypical case with the use of dermoscopy
Authors: Almeida Fabiana Carvalho de , Cavalcanti Silvana Maria de Morais , Medeiros Angela Cristina Rapela , Teixeira Marcia Almeida Galvao
Published: November 2013

Poromas are uncommon benign neoplasms originating from the terminal ductal portion of the sweat glands, mainly characterized by skin-colored or pink pa pules or nodules, usually on the extremities. Due to their rarity, the pigmented form clinical hypothesis is hardly ever suggested and psychopathology is fundamental. We report a case of pigmented eccrine poroma in the right palmer area, a location considered atypical. We stress the importance of dermoscopy as a method for diagnosis of poromas, especially in the differential diagnosis with other pigmented nodular-popular lesions.
Understanding the type 1 reactional state for early diagnosis and treatment: a way to avoid disability in leprosy
Authors: Nery Jose Augusto da Costa , Bernardes Filho Fred , Quintanilha Juliana , Machado Alice Miranda , Oliveira Soraya de Souza Chantre , Sales Anna Maria
Published: November 2013

A type 1 reaction or reversal reaction is expressed clinically by inflammatory exacerbation of the skin lesions and nerve trunks, consequently leading to sensory and motor alterations. It occurs in non-polar forms of leprosy, although it can occur in a small percentage of sub-polar LL treated patients. Disabilities, deformities and morbidity, still present in leprosy, are mainly caused by these acute episodes. The recognition of reactional states is imperative for an early approach and efficient management, to avoid the emergence of disabilities that stigmatize the disease. This review aims to describe the clinical aspects, immunopathogenesis, epidemiology, histopathological features and therapeutics of type 1 reactions.
Case report of cutaneous histiocytic sarcoma: diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas
Authors: Trevisan Flavia , Xavier Celia Antonia , Pinto Clovis Antonio Lopes , Cattete Fernanda Gomes , Stock Fabiola Schauffler , Martins Marcella Ledo
Published: November 2013

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare hematologic malignant neoplasia originating from histiocytic or dendritic cell clones. The lesions may be in nodal or extranodal sites, most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract. A small number of cases presents as unique cutaneous lesions. The definitive diagnosis is made by positivity for the immunohistochemical markers CD163, CD68, CD4 and lysozyme. The treatment is controversial, often with combined systemic chemotherapy. This is a case of cutaneous histiocytic sarcoma in an 82-year-old patient presenting two nodular lesions in the breast and right arm which were treated with simple excision and multidisciplinary follow-up, avoiding aggressive management and exhaustive investigations. Although most studies report aggressive evolution, the patient had good and stable clinical status during the twelve-month follow-up period.
Atopic Dermatitis, food allergy and dietary interventions. A tale of controversy
Authors: Guibas George V. , Makris Michael , Chliva Catherine , Gregoriou Stamatios , Rigopoulos Dimitris
Published: November 2013

Atopic Dermatitis has long been a controversial entity in regard its relationship to food allergy. Indeed, inter-discipline disparity in the way dermatologists and allergologists perceive the food allergy/atopic dermatitis interplay, hampers the design of concise therapeutic strategies and conveys conflicting messages to the patients. Within this conceptual frame, food exclusion regimes are rendered a contentious option. On the basis of this acknowledgment, we opted to put the emphasis on the discrepant perceptions surrounding such therapeutic regimes and to share our view pertaining to their appropriate implementation.
Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp successfully treated with oral prednisone and topical tacrolimus
Authors: Zahdi Mariana Ribas , Seidel Gabriela Bestani , Soares Vanessa Cristina , Freitas Camila Fernanda Novak Pinheiro de , Mulinari-Brenner Fabiane Andrade
Published: November 2013

Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp is a rare inflammatory disorder of the scalp, affecting elderly patients after local trauma and leading to scarring or cicatricial alopecia. Case Report: An elderly female patient complained of painful pustules on the parietal region bilaterally with progressive enlargement and ulceration. A biopsy suggested erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp and the patient was treated with prednisone 40 mg/day and 0.1% topical tacrolimus. After 10 weeks complete closure of the eroded areas was observed and a stable scarring alopecia developed.
Case for diagnosis
Authors: Cabral Rita , Coutinho Ines , Reis Jose Pedro
Published: November 2013

Human scabies is an intensely pruritic skin infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Crusted scabies (previously known as Norwegian scabies) is a rare form, very contagious and transmitted by direct contact with the skin. Despite being readily treatable, a delayed diagnosis often leads to widespread infestation of contacts, and therefore difficult to restrain. This case concerns a patient where dermoscopy (with scabetic burrows and a visible hand-glider structure), together with direct microscopic examination, allowed a prompt diagnosis, thereby reinforcing the increasing importance of this technique in daily practice.
Qualidade sensorial de néctares de maracujás BRS Ouro Vermelho produzidos em diferentes sistemas de cultivo
Authors: Rodrigues Juliana da Silva Quintiliano , Pineli Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira , Rodrigues Nithyama Gouveia , Lima Herbert Cavalcante de , Costa Ana Maria , Silva Carlos Henrique Osorio , Junqueira Nilton Tadeu Vilela , Chiarello Marileusa D
Published: November 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil sensorial e a aceitabilidade de néctares de maracujás obtidos de plantas submetidas a diferentes sistemas de produção, orgânico e convencional, com ou sem sombreamento pelo consórcio com mandioca. As amostras foram avaliadas por Análise Descritiva Quantitativa e por teste de aceitação com escala hedônica. Os dados do perfil descritivo e de aceitação foram analisados por Mapa de Preferência Externo, Análise de Variância e teste de comparação de médias de Fisher. Observou-se que os frutos que não foram submetidos ao sombreamento apresentaram néctares com perfil sensorial bastante semelhante e maior aceitação. Néctares de maracujá convencional não sombreado e orgânico não sombreado apresentaram correlação com os atributos aroma verde, homogeneidade e gosto ácido. As maiores diferenças na aceitação foram observadas entre as amostras convencional sombreada e orgânico não sombreada, com diferenças significativas nos atributos de cor, sabor e qualidade global. O Mapa de Preferência Externo apontou que a amostra de néctar convencional sombreado, com menor aceitação, foi correlacionada com os atributos fibrosidade e viscosidade.
Controle químico da Cercosporiose, Mancha-Branca e dos Grãos Ardidos em milho
Authors: Brito André Humberto , Von Pinho Renzo Garcia , Pereira José Luiz de Andrade Rezende , Balestre Marcio
Published: November 2013

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de fungicida, no controle da Cercosporiose e da Mancha-Branca do milho, e suas consequências na produtividade de grãos e na incidência de grãos ardidos, além de estabelecer a relação existente entre a produtividade de grãos e a severidade dessas doenças. Dois experimentos distintos (com Azoxystrobina + Cyproconazole e tratamento controle) foram conduzidos em três locais, no ano agrícola de 2007/2008. Utilizaram-se 12 híbridos comerciais de milho, que foram avaliados em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Foram realizadas cinco avaliações da severidade das doenças Cercosporiose e Mancha-Branca, por meio de escala de notas, variando de 1 (altamente resistente) a 9 (altamente susceptível). Estimou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD). A aplicação de fungicida é eficiente no controle de doenças foliares e na redução da incidência de grãos ardidos, além de proporcionar 12% de aumento na produtividade de grãos, em relação à do tratamento controle. As doenças foliares Cercosporiose e Mancha-Branca reduzem a produtividade de grãos de milho e essa redução é maior quando as doenças ocorrem mais precocemente. A Cercosporiose provoca maior redução na produtividade de grãos, quando comparada com a Mancha-Branca.
Relação entre os caracteres determinantes das eficiências no uso de nitrogênio e fósforo em milho
Authors: Pereira Felipe Bermudez , DoVale Júlio César , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Fritsche-Neto Roberto
Published: November 2013

O melhoramento genético das eficiências no uso de N (EUN) e P (EUP) é um dos meios para se obterem produtividades de grãos satisfatórias, com menores custos e de modo sustentável. Todavia, pouco se sabe a respeito da relação entre os caracteres determinantes dessas eficiências, o que tem dificultado o uso da seleção precoce e indireta. Portanto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, identificar a relação entre os caracteres determinantes das eficiências no uso de nitrogênio e fósforo, em milho. Para isso, avaliaram-se 14 linhagens e 39 híbridos simples, em dois experimentos, em baixa e alta disponibilidade de N e P, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com duas repetições, em esquema fatorial simples. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em telado. Foram utilizados tubos cilíndricos de PVC, com 4 dm³ de capacidade, preenchidos com dois tipos de substrato, de acordo com o experimento. As soluções nutritivas foram fornecidas a partir do sétimo dia após o transplantio, aplicando-se 250 ml tubo-1, a cada dois dias. As plantas foram colhidas em estádio de seis folhas completamente expandidas (V6) e os caracteres avaliados foram: massa da parte aérea seca (MPS), área de raiz específica (ARE), comprimento de raízes laterais (CRLat) e axiais (CRAxi) e os dois componentes da EUN e EUP, as eficiências de utilização (EUt) e a de absorção (EAb). Foram realizadas análises de variância e de trilha dos dados coletados. Os caracteres de raiz não apresentaram efeitos significativos sobre as EUN e EUP. A MPS é o principal determinante das EUN e EUP, independentemente da disponibilidade nutricional.
Armazenamento de sementes de Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E.Fr. em diferentes embalagens e ambientes
Authors: Masetto Tathiana Elisa , Gordin Carla Regina Baptista , Quadros Josué de Brito , Rezende Rodrigo Kelson Silva , Scalon Silvana de Paula Quintão
Published: November 2013

O interesse pelo crambe (Crambeabyssinica) surgiu em virtude da sua superioridade, em relação à soja e às demais oleaginosas, na produção de óleos vegetais, e por adaptar-se com facilidade ao plantio direto. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o armazenamento de sementes de crambe, em diferentes embalagens e ambientes. Foram testadas as embalagens de saco de polietileno e embalagens de plástico rígido com fechamento hermético, nas seguintes condições: ambiente (25 ± 2 ºC e 60% de UR) e câmara fria e seca (15 ± 2 ºC e 45 % de UR), durante 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias (período de maio a novembro de 2010), sendo avaliados, mensalmente, o teor de água, a germinação, na primeira contagem, o índice de velocidade de germinação e o tempo médio de germinação das sementes. O experimento foi conduzido em DIC, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes para cada tratamento. Inicialmente, as sementes apresentaram germinação média de 60% e teor de água de 7,0%. As embalagens e ambientes empregados permitiram alterações no teor de água que desencadearam o início da deterioração das sementes, evidenciado pela redução de germinação na primeira contagem, índice de velocidade e aumento do tempo médio de germinação das sementes. Entretanto, a germinação não foi influenciada pelos tratamentos e períodos de armazenamento. De maneira geral, as sementes de crambe podem ser acondicionadas em embalagem impermeável durante 180 dias de armazenamento, em condição de15 ± 2 ºC e 45% de UR.