bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variants of Booleanness: Congruences of a partial frame versus those of its free frame
Authors: Frith John , Schauerte Anneliese
Published: August 2022

This paper concerns notions of Booleanness in the setting of partial frames, which, in contrast to full frames, do not necessarily have all joins. Examples of these include bounded distributive lattices, σ- and κ-frames. We provide four distinct conditions which all reduce in the case of full frames to each element having a complement. These concepts depend heavily on the free frame over a partial frame, the congruence frame of a partial frame and the relations between them. We also examine the adjoint situation between the congruences of a partial frame and those of its free frame.
On extensions of bilinear maps
Authors: Kubrusly Carlos S.
Published: August 2022

The paper deals with extension of bounded bilinear maps. It gives a necessary and sufficient condition for extending a bounded bilinear map on the Cartesian product of subspaces of Banach spaces. This leads to a full characterization for extension of bounded bilinear maps on the Cartesian product of arbitrary subspaces of Hilbert spaces. Applications concerning projective tensor products are also investigated.
Fuzzy ideal topological vector spaces
Authors: Abbas Fadhil , Alhayo Hassan A.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy ideal topological vector spaces and study the basic properties of fuzzy-I-open and fuzzy-I-closed sets in fuzzy ideal topological vector spaces. Also, we study the properties of fuzzy-I-Hausdorff and fuzzy-I-compact in fuzzy ideal topological vector spaces. Furthermore, we introduce the concepts of fuzzy-I-homogenous space, fuzzy-I-monomorphism space, fuzzy-I-isomorphism space and fuzzy-I-automorphism space. Finally, we introduce the concepts of fuzzy-I-bounded set, fuzzy-I-balanced set, fuzzy-I-symmetric set and study their properties in fuzzy ideal topological vector spaces.
Existence of positive solutions for boundary value problems with p-Laplacian operator
Authors: Torres Francisco J.
Published: August 2022

This paper is concerned with the existence of positive solutions for three point boundary value problems of Riemann-Liouville fractional differential equations with p-Laplacian operator. By means of the properties of the Green’s function and Avery-Peterson fixed point theorem, we establish a condition ensuring the existence of at least three positive solutions for the problem.
Experimental demonstration of weak chirality enhancement by hybrid perovskite nanocrystals using photonic spin Hall effect
Authors: Lai Zheng , Lin Shuai , Shi Youzhi , Li Maoxin , Liu Guangyou , Tian Bingbing , Chen Yu , Zhou Xinxing
Published: August 2022

Chiral perovskites have attracted considerable attention as excellent spin-emitting materials for applications in spintronics, quantum optics, and biological. Especially in drug development of biological, weak chirality molecules are frequently selected to reduce the side effects of toxics, and there is a common defect for accurately detecting the weak chirality with common methods at room temperature. In this study, formamidine lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals (FAPbBr3 NCs) were coated with chiral ligands, whose chirality was too weak to be observed in the visible region at room temperature. Thus, by characterizing the transverse shift of photonic spin Hall effect (SHE), the accurate discrimination of weak chirality in the visible region was achieved successfully. By measuring the shift value and light spot splitting of photonic SHE at the same concentration, NEA-coated FAPbBr3 NCs can effectively enhance the chirality of naphthalene ethylamine (NEA) ligands when under the mutually reinforcement of chiral molecular and inorganic parts. In addition, we furtherly clearly distinguished the tiny chiral distinction of NEA-coated FAPbBr3 NCs with different particle sizes, which revealed that the chirality decreases with the increase of particle size. These findings could provide effective solutions for the detection and application of weak chirality in hybrid perovskite nanocrystals in universal environment.
Picosecond mode switching and Higgs amplitude mode in superconductor-metal hybrid terahertz metasurface
Authors: Duan Siyu , Jiang Yushun , Wu Jingbo , Ji Lu , He Ming , Qiu Hongsong , Fan Kebin , Zhang Caihong , Zhu Guanghao , Jia Xiaoqing , Wang Huabing , Jin Biaobing , Chen Jian , Wu Peiheng
Published: August 2022

The ultrafast modulation of terahertz (THz) waves is essential for numerous applications, such as high-rate wireless communication, nonreciprocal transmission, and linear frequency conversion. However, high-speed THz devices are rare due to the lack of materials that rapidly respond to external stimuli. Here, we demonstrate a dynamic THz metasurface by introducing an ultrathin superconducting microbridge into metallic resonators to form a superconductor-metal hybrid structure. Exploiting the susceptibility of superconducting films to external optical and THz pumps, we realized resonance mode switching within a few picoseconds. The maximum on/off ratio achieved is 11 dB. The observed periodic oscillation of transmission spectra both in the time and frequency domain under intense THz pump pulse excitation reveals the excitation of Higgs amplitude mode, which is used to realize picosecond scale THz modulation. This study opens the door to ultrafast manipulation of THz waves using collective modes of condensates, and highlights an avenue for developing agile THz modulation devices.
Gaining control? bilateral labor agreements and the shared interest of sending and receiving countries to control migrant workers and the illicit migration industry
Authors: Livnat Yuval , Shamir Hila
Published: August 2022

Countries increasingly have been entering bilateral labor agreements (BLAs) as a tool for the regulation and governance of short-term temporary labor migration worldwide. However, these are often confidential legal instruments, and consequently we know relatively little about their actual content and impact, and why countries choose to enter them. This Article complements existing explanations in the literature regarding the reasons why countries enter BLAs and their potential to create and improve migrant workers’ rights. Based on a detailed content analysis of 81 recent BLAs signed largely over the last 20 years, and on a wide literature review and interest analysis, we introduce a “control thesis.” According to the control thesis, the popularity, confidentiality and unenforceability of BLAs can be explained, at least partially, by their ability to promote a key shared interest of sending and receiving countries in controlling and policing the mobility and actions of migrant workers and also, at times, aspects of the illicit migration industry that develops around labor migration. We reach this conclusion, and elaborate on its meaning and the potential it may hold for migrant workers and their advocates, in strategically seeking to use BLAs to improve temporary migrant workers’ rights and protections.
Bilateral labor agreements as migration governance tools: An analysis from a gender lens
Authors: Hennebry Jenna L. , Piper Nicola , KC Hari , Williams Kira
Published: August 2022

This Article discusses BLAs as tools of global labor migration governance, with a specific focus on gender. Drawing on our global database of 582 bilateral labor migration agreements (BLAs), we investigate the extent to which these governing instruments connect and align with relevant international normative frameworks, in particular the extent to which they represent gains, gaps or gaffs in terms of gender equality and the human and labor rights protection of women migrants. In the context of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM), which stresses a gender-responsive approach to migration governance as one of its guiding principles, we ask: Do the BLAs which are increasingly being used as instruments to govern labor migration contribute toward sustainable gender equality, decent work and reduced inequalities for women and gender-diverse migrants?
Mangelverwaltung bei Gasknappheit
Authors: Bardt Hubertus , Schaefer Thilo , Fischer Andreas
Published: August 2022

In view of an impending termination of Russian gas supplies, it is necessary to take a closer look at the existing regulations in the event of a shortage in German gas supply. In this context, the legal framework provides that in the event of an acute shortage, the gas supply of individual consumers will be restricted or even stopped by the competent authority, thereby rendering the effect of the market for the distribution of scarce goods ineffective. This situation must be prevented. In principle, priority is given to private households and social services, so that primarily the industry would have to reduce their consumption of gas. However, given the threat of widespread disruption to German industrial production, saving potentials should be leveraged in all sectors. This is because an extensive supply disruption to German industrial operations would result in extensive and incalculable societal costs due to cascading effects. It is therefore also in the best interests of the population to avert such an undersupply through joint efforts. First of all, the usage of natural gas in power generation should be reduced significantly to enable or increase the filling of storage facilities. Additionally, current studies also point to possible reduction potential in the household sector, for example through moderate adjustments of room temperature. Such measures can help to get through the next winter without endangering Germany too much as an industrial and business location.
Detection Technology of UHF IoT Sensing Terminal Device Based on Cloud Edge Cooperation
Authors: Li Tianhui , Xia Yanwei , Pang Xianhai , Zeng Siming , Gu Chaomin , Dong Chi
Published: August 2022

The local release detection technology of traditional Internet of Things (IoT) sensing terminal equipment cannot realize the integration of the cloud and IoT edge, resulting in obvious local release detection errors and low technical sensitivity. To this end, a local release detection technology comprising ultra-high frequency (UHF) IoT sensor terminal equipment based on cloud edge collaboration is proposed. The transient earth voltage signal coupling module of the perception layer is used to collect data locally published by the device. This paper uses edge computing to reduce information redundancy. The cloud computing application layer adopts the time difference positioning method to realize the partial discharge detection of the UHF IoT sensor terminal equipment. When an abnormality occurs in the terminal equipment, an alarm is triggered. The experimental results show that the average accuracy of this method in detecting partial discharge is as high as 93.89 %. The detection time of this method is short and its detection time of partial discharge phenomenon is as low as 4 ms. The fitting effect of the proposed method is better in detecting amplitude and discharge and the two have a linear relationship. This method also has higher detection sensitivity, can detect the partial discharge of different types of terminal equipment, and its application effect is good.
Book Review
Authors: Andrews Neil
Published: August 2022

Review of Governance and Law: Contemporary Views (Governance Research Program, Victoria University, 2020).
Analysis of the Cultural Homeward Trend in International Trade Laws
Authors: Zeller Bruno
Published: August 2022

Article 7 of the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (‘CISG’) mandates that the convention must be interpreted uniformly without recurse to domestic principles. This article demonstrates that the homeward trend – the tendency to project domestic laws onto the international provisions of a Convention is breach of article 7(1). However, art 7(2) alerts the reader that some matters are not expressly settled but must be settled by recourse to general principles within the CISG and again no recourse to domestic laws can be sought even if the terms track domestic laws. This article argues that a distinction must be draws if vague terms vague terms such as reasonable time must be interpreted. These terms are not governed by laws but are subject to factual events such as customs or universal understanding.
Criterios de evaluación referidos, percibidos y utilizados por el profesorado de matemáticas de la educación primaria
Authors: Marques-Oliveira Maria-João , Montanero Manuel
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. El principal propósito de este trabajo es comparar los criterios de evaluación que el profesorado de la educación primaria considera más relevantes en el área de matemáticas, con la percepción que tiene su propio estudiantado, así como con la observación de los criterios que realmente utiliza en la práctica. Metodología. Para ello, entrevistamos a 30 maestros y maestras y 120 estudiantes. Además, el profesorado participó en una actividad de evaluación ciega, basada en el método de descubrimiento de criterios, que consistía en calificar una prueba con varias tareas matemáticas, que había sido previamente resuelta por un alumno o alumna, haciendo preguntas a la entrevistadora, pero sin poder ver el documento. Resultados. A partir de las trascripciones de las respuestas registradas durante las entrevistas, se realizó un análisis de contenido, para categorizar y comparar los criterios de evaluación referidos (por el personal docente), percibidos (por el alumnado) y los realmente utilizados (en la evaluación ciega). Discusión y conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que, en general, el profesorado considera el cálculo mental, la comprensión y, sobre todo, el razonamiento matemático como los criterios más importantes. Sin embargo, la mayoría de su alumnado no tiene la misma percepción. Además, un tercio aproximadamente de los maestros y las maestras no manifiestan una conciencia suficientemente precisa de los criterios que realmente aplican en las pruebas de evaluación. Finalmente, se discuten algunas implicaciones para la mejora de las prácticas de evaluación de esta área curricular.
Hacia una evaluación en contexto indígena: El caso de una escuela mapuce en Chile
Authors: Del Pino-Sepúlveda Miguel , Cubillos Froilán , Pinto Diego
Published: August 2022

Introducción. Este estudio presenta el caso de una escuela mapuce, que a partir de la construcción y reciente validación de programas de estudio propios ante el Ministerio de Educación de Chile, busca el desarrollo de una evaluación educativa coherente a sus planes de estudio. Los objetivos fueron: 1. Identificar la finalidad de la evaluación en contexto indígena a partir de las voces de sus protagonistas, y 2. Describir los elementos conceptuales que la evaluación en contexto indígena mapuce debiera poseer para su desarrollo. Metodología. Fue participativa con el enfoque dialógico-kishu kimkelay ta che, junto a profesorado mapuce, estudiantes de pregrado, niños y niñas de la escuela, académicos y académicas. Se utilizaron los procedimientos de conversación dialógica y diálogo colectivo. Se validó la información recabada mediante un análisis de carácter comunicativo del conocimiento construido. Resultados. Se destaca el concepto de kvmecegeam (personas buenas) como finalidad de la evaluación en cuanto a una valoración formativa del aprendizaje, y los componentes territoriales y socio-culturales como elementos que permiten dirigir y reconducir el proceso evaluativo con base en características socio-históricas y geográficas pertinentes. Discusión. Se promueve una evaluación pertinente al contexto indígena, a diferencia de la impronta de estandarización del aprendizaje y evaluación en Chile, donde se desconoce el origen cultural de cada persona. En este sentido, se ofrecen lineamientos u orientaciones generales para comenzar a desarrollar un campo del conocimiento que todavía está poco explorado y no mucho se ha avanzado.
Validación de aplicación del modelo TPACK, asociado a las habilidades conciencia fonológica y conocimiento de letras para educadoras de parvularios
Authors: Fernández-Chávez Carolina , Domínguez-Ramírez Paola , Salcedo-Lagos Pedro
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Este estudio tuvo como propósito validar un instrumento que permita conocer la percepción que tienen las educadoras de párvulos sobre sus conocimientos disciplinares, pedagógicos y tecnológicos cuando incorporan las TIC en la enseñanza de habilidades que subyacen al aprendizaje de la lectura y escritura: conciencia fonológica y conocimiento de letras. Metodología. Este estudio se enmarca en un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental de tipo transversal. Se utilizó como instrumento, una encuesta tipo Likert, compuesta de 54 ítems que recopilan información de siete dimensiones que consideran el modelo TPACK. En esta investigación participaron 30 educadoras de párvulos que se desempeñan en el nivel Transición, de escuelas municipales de la comuna de Penco, provincia de Concepción, Chile. Para la validación del instrumento se utilizó la técnica de juicio experto, según el método de Lawshe (1975) y las modificaciones realizadas por Tristán-López (2008) y para su fiabilidad se consideró el coeficiente de consistencia interna alfa de Cronbach. Resultados. Los principales resultados indican que la escala presenta una alta fiabilidad y correlaciones significativas positivas, lo que indica que es una herramienta válida para ser utilizada como instrumento de tipo diagnóstico que permitirá identificar debilidades y fortalezas de las educadoras de parvularios en cuanto a sus conocimientos frente al uso de las TIC para fines educativos en el lenguaje escrito.
Intermittent Tiotropium Bromide for Episodic Wheezing: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Kotaniemi-Syrjänen Anne , Klemola Timo , Koponen Petri , Jauhola Outi , Aito Henrikka , Malmström Kristiina , Malmberg L. Pekka , Rahiala Eero , Sarna Seppo , Pelkonen Anna S. , Mäkelä Mika J.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Options to treat and prevent episodic wheezing in children are scarce. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of intermittent tiotropium bromide treatment in early childhood episodic wheezing.

METHODS

This 48-week, randomized, open-label, controlled, parallel-group trial was conducted at 4 hospitals in Finland. Children aged 6 to 35 months with 2 to 4 physician-confirmed episodes of wheeze and/or shortness of breath were considered eligible. Study participants were randomly allocated to receive 1 of 3 treatments: once-daily tiotropium bromide 5 µg for 7 to 14 days during respiratory tract infections and as-needed albuterol sulfate 0.2 mg (n = 27), twice-daily fluticasone propionate 125 µg for 7 to 14 days during respiratory tract infections and as-needed albuterol sulfate 0.2 mg (n = 25), or as-needed albuterol sulfate 0.2 mg alone (n = 28). The primary outcome was efficacy, assessed as intention-to-treat by comparing the proportion of episode-free days (the days lacking symptoms or treatments) between the treatment groups.

RESULTS

The proportion of episode-free days was higher in those receiving intermittent tiotropium bromide (median 97% [interquartile range, 93% to 99%]) than in those receiving intermittent fluticasone propionate (87% [78% to 93%], P = .002), or with as-needed albuterol sulfate alone (88% [79% to 95%], P = .003). Adjustment with allergic sensitization, the baseline number of physician-confirmed episodes of wheeze and/or shortness of breath, or short-course glucocorticoid treatment in the 2 weeks before the enrollment, did not affect the result. Intervention-related adverse events were not seen.

CONCLUSIONS

Intermittent tiotropium bromide treatment may be an effective alternative to current therapies for episodic wheezing. Before implementation of use, further research on safety and efficacy is indicated.
Nutritious elderly diet: Pigmented rice-porridge from shear-heat milling process
Authors: Nitikornwarakul Chawakwan , Wangpradid Rodjanawan , Sirimuangmoon Chirat , Lekjing Somwang , Nishioka Akihiro , Koda Tomonori
Published: August 2022

The objective of this study was to develop nutritious elderly diet formulations. Each formulation contained three components, pigmented rice flours from shear-heat milling, freeze-dried protein bouillon cube, and sesame oil. The final products were tested with 100 panelists and monitored for quality changes (physical, chemical, microbial, and sensory properties) for 6 months. The three developed formulations provided a suitable ratio of the main nutrients and adequate energy. The products were highly accepted (95%) and easy to swallow (score 4.2/5), indicating a high potential for launching in the elderly market. The products can retain their quality and achieve microbiology safety during storage.
Estimation of Atmospheric NO\(_2\) Volume Mixing Ratio in Hanoi Using Multi-axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy Technique
Authors: Trung Dinh Van , Bui Van Hai , Nguyen Thi Thanh Bao , Vu Thi Kim Oanh , Nguyen Xuan Tu , Phung Viet Tiep , Pham Hong Minh
Published: August 2022

Monitoring the concentration and distribution of nitrogen dioxide NO2 in urban environment is of great interest because of the importance of this gaseous pollutant in affecting air quality. In this paper we present the development of a multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy instrument capable of sensitively detecting NO2. The passive instrument collects the sun light scattered by the air molecules and aerosols in the atmosphere and measures the spectrum using a highly sensitive portable spectrometer. The viewing direction of the instrument is controlled through a motor and can be changed continuously. Data analysis of the measured spectra allows us to simultaneously determine the differential scant column density of NO2 and oxygen dimer O4. From the accurately known concentration of O4, the effective optical path length of scattered sun light near the horizontal direction could be derived, which in turn provides an estimate the concentration of NO2. The measured data show that the concentration of NO2 in Hanoi is in the range ~1.5 ppb. We also present the detection of formaldehyde HCHO and possible detection of glyoxal CHOCHO. Our sensitive instrument opens up the possibility to monitor the concentration of other molecular species of interest in urban environment of Hanoi.
Una reflexión en torno a la educación inclusiva en el aula
Authors: Cruz- Picón Pablo Emilio , Hernández -Correa Lady Jazmmin
Published: August 2022

Esta investigación tiene por objetivo considerar la relevancia pedagógica del establecimiento de la política de educación inclusiva en el aula, y cómo ésta requiere fortalecerse para el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa de los educandos con barreras en el aprendizaje y la participación. La metodología seguida por el estudio fue de enfoque cualitativo empleando el tipo exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional. La técnica aplicada se asentó en la reseña analítica de registro documental de modo que, por este medio, se realizó el análisis directo de diversos documentos consultados en línea, los cuales permitieron sustentar el estado del arte en función de las variables metodológicas. Entre los resultados, se evidencia la responsabilidad social e institucional para identificar las barreras de participación, y así contribuir a la construcción significativa del aprendizaje en los niños, niñas y jóvenes con necesidades especiales. Se concluye, la necesidad de motivar al docente en las prácticas pedagógicas que vinculen la experiencia y la vivencia educativa con la comprensión de la inclusión como un pilar trascendente del proceso educativo actua
Niñas gestoras de desarrollo: una experiencia de economía no hegemónica en Ciudad Bolívar
Authors: Jiménez Pinzón Andrea Mireya , Torres Fischersworring Yesui Nicolás Samir , Bonilla Salcedo Luz Dary , Celis Cáceres Leidy Tatiana , Duque Otero Valentina
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo, describe un proceso investigativo que adelanta el Semillero de investigación NEST de la Universidad de La Salle, integrado por estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado, por medio de la sistematización de experiencias, el cual se pregunta ¿cómo se ha dado el proceso de formación en emprendimiento desde la Escuela de Política de la Fundación Niñas de Luz entre el 2019 y el 2021? De esta manera, la sistematización como método se enfoca en la experiencia de la Fundación Niñas de Luz, que lidera programas de educación no formal orientados a la mentoría individual y grupal de niñas entre los 4 y 17 años que residen en la periferia de la localidad de Ciudad Bolívar en Bogotá- Colombia, bajo condición de fragilidad social. Dicha experiencia, es recuperada a través de las voces de las niñas de la Fundación y las y los mentores que acompañan el proceso formativo, mediante técnicas de entrevista semiestructurada y grupo focal. En este contexto, se presentan los hallazgos preliminares de la fase uno del proceso investigativo, orientados al sentido de la práctica pedagógica en la Escuela Creacción, la pedagogía del emprendimiento con enfoque de género, y la reconstrucción histórica de los emprendimientos.
Gastronomía y Turismo
Authors: Garmendia Mora Juan Carlos , Riaño Martínez Lenyd Angélica
Published: August 2022

Presenta una reflexión sobre el contenido del número y sobre las posibilidades de desarrollo que exhibe la gastronomía en América latina.
Puntos Críticos Para El Desarrollo Del El Boom Gastronómico De Bucaramanga Y Su Aporte Al Turismo De La Ciudad
Authors: Díaz Soto Carlos Manuel , Peñaranda García Sergio
Published: August 2022

De acuerdo con la Asociación Colombiana de la Industria Gastronómica (Acodres), la ciudad de Bucaramanga ha evolucionado en su oferta gastronómica desde el año 2003. Las cadenas internacionales, las condiciones de movilidad urbana y el aumento de los consumidores con una demanda más exigente, entre otros, han propiciado un incremento significativo en la oferta gastronómica de la ciudad, la cual, ha ganado reconocimiento a nivel regional y nacional. Con el objetivo de corroborar cuales han sido los puntos críticos para el desarrollo de este fenómeno y su aporte al turismo de la ciudad, se desarrolló una investigación de enfoque cualitativo para la cual se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 8 de los principales actores de esta industria en la ciudad. Realizando el análisis de resultados, se determinaron 4 puntos críticos: Aumento de la población joven al ser una ciudad universitaria, aumento del poder adquisitivo de la ciudad, mayor importancia o relevancia de comer en restaurantes e interés por comida de ámbito internacional. Finalmente, este repunte gastronómico, generó un nuevo elemento de interés turístico en la ciudad y permite catalogar a la gastronomía como uno de los elementos a mostrar y promocionar en términos turísticos de Bucaramanga.
Preliminares
Authors: Ramos-Barrera María Gabriela , Quintero-Peña José Wilmar , Méndez-Pinzón Manuel
Published: August 2022

El nuevo escenario de la economía está modificando los determinantes de la competitividad, por ejemplo, existen cambios tecnológicos que transforman la forma de intercambiar y se han incrementado las medidas proteccionistas en los mercados de mayor envergadura a nivel mundial. Por ello, es necesario discernir sobre los retos de la región en una nueva época caracterizada, no solo por la globalización, sino por una rapidez en el comercio que avanza con mayor ritmo que las regulaciones de los acuerdos comerciales.Este libro busca socializar los principales retos en materia de infraestructura, tecnología e innovación,finanzas, recursos naturales, competitividad turismo y comercio,tanto en Latinoamérica como en el caso puntual de Colombia.
Introducción
Authors: Ramos-Barrera María Gabriela , Quintero-Peña José Wilmar , Méndez-Pinzón Manuel
Published: August 2022

El nuevo escenario de la economía está modificando los determinantes de la competitividad. Por ejemplo, existen cambios tecnológicos que transforman la manera de intercambiar, y se han incrementado las medidas proteccionistas en los mercados de mayor envergadura a nivel mundial. Por ello, es necesario discernir sobre los retos de la región en una nueva época, caracterizada no solo por la globalización, sino por una rapidez en el comercio que avanza con mayor ritmo que las regulaciones de los acuerdos comerciales.
Infraestructura de transporte en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Bello-Rodriguez Sandra Patricia , Torres-Torres Elman Román
Published: August 2022

Los primeros estudios sobre comercio internacional se deben a Thomas Mun, director de la Compañía Inglesa de las Indias Orientales para 1664, quien en su trabajo El tesoro de Inglaterra creado por el comercio exterior aseguraba que el comercio era la única manera de aumentar la riqueza del país. Como doctrina relacionada con el comercio internacional, los mercantilistas –con su idea de lograr una balanza comercial favorable y atesoramiento de metales preciosos- proporcionan los primeros diseños elaborados del fenómeno de los intercambios internacionales.
Chloris Sw. e Stapfochloa H. Scholz (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) no Estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Santos Carlos Alberto Garcia , Sousa Valdeci Fontes de
Published: August 2022

O presente trabalho compreende o levantamento taxonômico das espécies de Chloris e Stapfochloa no Estado da Paraíba, ampliando o conhecimento da flora agrostológica local. Foram realizadas consultas em bases virtuais, visitas a herbários físicos e excursões para coletas e observações em campo. Na área de estudo foi confirmada a ocorrência de cinco espécies de Chloris e uma espécie de Stapfochloa. Chave de identificação, descrições dos táxons, dados sobre distribuição geográfica e importância econômica, ecologia e imagens das espécies são fornecidas.
Centrifuge model and numerical studies of strip footing on reinforced transparent soils
Authors: Guo X. , Chen J. , Xue J. , Zhang Z.
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the results of centrifuge model tests to investigate the deformation behaviour of unreinforced and reinforced transparent soil foundations under strip loading. A digital image analysis technique was employed to obtain the soil displacement field and strain distribution of reinforcements. Two-dimensional (2D) numerical models were developed and verified using the test results. The soil was modelled as a linearly-elastic perfectly-plastic material with Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. The reinforcement was characterised using a linearly-elastic model considering rupture behaviour. Moreover, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the load–settlement response of foundations, distribution of reinforcement tension and failure sequence of reinforcements. The experimental and numerical studies show that the results obtained from the numerical simulations are in good agreement with the results of the centrifuge model tests. The 2D finite difference model developed using the user-defined functions coded into the FLAC programme can better simulate the progressive failure of the reinforcement layers in the tests. The failure sequence of reinforcement layers is not affected by the modulus and internal friction angle of soil and the reinforcement length, but is closely related to the combined effect of spacing and number of reinforcement layers and the combined effect of reinforcement stiffness and strength.
Investigation of the blast-resistance performance of geotextile-reinforced soil
Authors: Tseng S.-C. , Yang K.-H. , Tsai Y.-K. , Teng F.-C.
Published: August 2022

An explosion on the ground surface can cause considerable damage to underground structures. In this study, a series of experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to examine the performance and reinforcing mechanism of reinforced soil subjected to blast loads. An excavated pit backfilled with sand only (unreinforced soil) and sand reinforced with three layers of geotextiles (reinforced soil) were used as test models in a field explosion test. In the field explosion test, blast pressures in air and soil, ground deformation, and mobilized reinforcement tensile strain were measured. The test results obtained for the reinforced and unreinforced soil were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of using soil reinforcement as a protective barrier against blast loads. The test results indicated that peak blast pressure in the reinforced soil was only 10–28% of those in the unreinforced soil. Two reinforcing mechanisms were identified in this study: the tensioned membrane effect and lateral restraint effect. Moreover, a series of numerical analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of reinforcement parameters on the blast pressure. This study provides useful insights into the application and design of soil reinforcement as an alternative antiexplosion measure to protect underground structures against surface explosions.
КЫРГЫЗ УЛУТТУК ОЮНДАРЫ – КЫРГЫЗ ТИЛИН ОКУТУУНУН КАРАЖАТЫ КАТАРЫ
Authors:   Kyrgyz National University, Asanbekova Nurzat Asanbekovna
Published: August 2022

Among the Turkic-speaking peoples, the Kyrgyz people, as one of the ancient peoples, are very rich in national games. Children, adults, young men, and a girl can play these games, both together and alone. All national games of the Kyrgyz people have a didactic meaning and pursue certain goals. These goals are varied and multifaceted. For example, children's songs develop children's speech; cognitive riddles develop memory, etc. The game that is alchikami is aimed at familiarization with the rules, their execution and, preservation. Games involving horses teach the skill to get to know the horse better, tame, and grow.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ АКТИВИЗАЦИИ УЧЕБНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ СРЕДСТВАМИ КОНТЕКСТНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University I. Arabaev, Zhakypova Zarina Zhakypovna , Esenalieva Gulzat Ashimovna ,   Ala-Too International University
Published: August 2022

In the article reflects the main problems of the activation of students ' learning activities and shows one of the most important means of its implementation – the technology of contextual learning. One of the means of activating students ' learning activities is practice- oriented learning, which is stimulated by contextual educational technologies. Contextual learning focuses on the fact that the competencies formed in the learning process are aimed at solving the problems of the future professional activity of a college graduate. Contextual learning itself gives a fairly powerful impetus to the activation of students ' learning activities, but its further progress in the educational process depends on a number of pedagogical conditions and practical implementations. The pedagogical conditions of the indicated activation are revealed and a message is given for designing a model for the activation of students ' learning activities by means of contextual learning.
ИРАН-ТАЖИК ТИЛДЕРИНИН МААНИСИ ӨЗГӨРҮЛҮП ӨЗДӨШТҮРҮЛГӨН СӨЗДӨР
Authors:   Osh State University, Tolubaeva Gulnara Mamyrovna
Published: August 2022

This article examines the adaptation of Iranian-Tajik words to the Kyrgyz language. Historical lexicology studies on a scientific and theoretical basis the history of a language, the history of the ethnos speaking this language, its relationship with native, distant native languages and relations with other languages of a heterogeneous system. The Fund, the vocabulary of each language is a means of becoming a people as a nation, directly related to its history, reflecting its cultural and spiritual value, which are passed down from generation to generation, replenished and updated. In connection with the stages of formation of the vocabulary of an individual language and a common language, there is a need for research – an objective understanding of the situation in which a given language undergoes changes with each period of time, and not a generalization of its specific features on an individual basis. the Iranian-Tajik words that entered the Kyrgyz language gave way to the Kyrgyz language and changed their original meaning at its expense. We are talking about the fact that different phenomena occur in different ways in different situations.
Tullir la nación
Authors: AYRAM Carlos
Published: August 2022

A récibir
"Estrella distante", la novela gráfica
Authors: PAVEZ Montserrat
Published: August 2022

La intención de este breve estudio es indagar en la relectura de la novela Estrella distante (1996) de Roberto Bolaño, propuesta por Javier Fernández y Fanny Marín en su novela gráfica homónima. Esta versión en formato de historieta es una adaptación del texto original de Bolaño, con guion de Fernández e ilustración de Marín, publicada en 2018 y editada en Barcelona por Random Comics. Mi propuesta consiste en analizar esta novela gráfica como una relectura del texto original, considerando sus particularidades y las nuevas posibilidades que plantea. Para ello se revisarán algunos aspectos que resultaron relevantes de acuerdo a mi propia lectura de este nuevo texto.
On one property of the movement on the outskirts of the Solar System
Authors: BAZYEY O. , BAZYEY N.
Published: August 2022

A numerical simulation of the equipotential surfaces of the gravitational field in the immediate vicinity of the Solar System has been performed taking into account gravitational perturbations from the Galactic tide and 355 stars closest to the Sun. It is demonstrated that at certain values of the gravitational potential energy, the Sun shares the equipotential surface with Toliman (Alpha Centauri B), Sirius and Procyon. The use of a method of numerical integration of the equations of motion of 150 test bodies has shown instability of circular orbits with a radius of 60,000 au about the Sun.
Towards the density of matter
Authors: GERASYMOV O.I. , KUDASHKINA L.S.
Published: August 2022

We discuss some visible analogies of mapping of the density of matter field which has been observed in Universe and in particular in micro-mechanical granular materials. In both of the mentioned global classes of physical systems the same known initial problem exists: the local density field is insufficiently defined. Several structural characters which are in common in those, quite differently scaled systems (like specific clusterisation), are outlined.

The observed external similarity of clustering, characterized by the formation of specific filamentous clusters, both in granular matter and in the distribution of matter in the Universe allows the model level to use the granular phase parameterization scenario (compaction parameter instead of density) in the study of distribution of matter in the Universe.
Probable connection between the drag of the International Space Station and various indexes that determine the state of space weather in 23–24 solar activity cycles
Authors: KOMENDANT V.H.
Published: August 2022

The analysis of the ISS’s drag data during the period from 2005 to 2019 was carried out. In the analysis the B-star drag term was applied. This coefficient reflects the influence of changes in the state of the atmosphere on the movement of artificial objects in the Earth’s orbit. The time periods of the ISS movement when significant adjustments they were not made to the station’s orbit and the reception of planned missions were selected. The analysis of changes in the ISS’s drag was carried out. Data of solar and geomagnetic activity, including episodes of strong drag and periods of regular changes were used.
SAMOSA-Tag -combining in-situ adenine methyltransferase footprinting with transposase-mediated single-molecule sequencing v1
Authors: Nanda Scott
Published: August 2022

Here we describe a protocol for SAMOSA-Tag: Tagmentation-assisted Single-molecule Adenine Methylated Oligonucleosome Sequencing Assay - a transposase-mediated strategy that combines our method SMRT-Tag (https://www.protocols.io/view/FB06B8000CA311ED84710A58A9FEAC02) for producing low-input PacBio sequencing libraries with in situ footprinting to enable multimodal profiling of single chromatin fibers. SAMOSA-Tag facilitates the joint analysis of genetic and epigenetic variations (i.e. somatic variation, nucleosome repeat length, CTCF occupancy, CpG methylation). In brief, nuclei are methylated in situ using the non-specific EcoGII m6dAase, tagmented using hairpin-loaded Tn5-adaptors, gap-repaired following DNA purification, and then sequenced on the PacBio Sequel II platform. All steps from live cells to sequencing-ready libraries can be performed in one to two days. We have demonstrated the utility of SAMOSA-Tag by profiling chromatin accessibility, CpG methylation, and CTCF occupancy on low cell numbers in mammalian cell lines.
SMRT-Tag -Sensitive multimodal profiling of native DNA by transposase-mediated single-molecule sequencing v1
Authors: Nanda Scott
Published: August 2022

Here we describe a protocol for SMRT-Tag: Single-Molecule Real-Time sequencing by Tagmentation - a transposase-mediated strategy for producing low-input, multiplexable, PCR-free PacBio sequencing libraries. SMRT-Tag requires only 1-5% as much input material as existing protocols (15,000–50,000 human cell equivalents) and enables highly-sensitive and simultaneous detection of single nucleotide variants, small insertions / deletions, and CpG methylation comparable to the current state-of-the-art. In brief, high-quality genomic DNA are tagmented using hairpin-loaded Tn5-adaptors, gap-repaired, exo-digested, and then sequenced on the PacBio Sequel II platform. All steps from purified gDNA to sequencing-ready libraries can be performed in one day. We have demonstrated the utility of SMRT-Tag on input as low as 80ng in HG002 - HG004.
Laser Plasmachemistry
Authors:   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Red'kin S.V. ,   ussian Technological University — MIREA
Published: August 2022

Most of the currently existing laser methods for separating plates into crystals have been analyzed. A method for eliminating overheating of the substrate, its melt, modification and release of material to the surface is proposed — local laser plasma-chemical etching on the example of polycrystalline diamond and monocrystalline sapphire. Operating pressure range 6•10-4...1•10-1 Torr.
Spectral Characteristics of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers
Authors:   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Khabibullin R.A. , Pushkarev S.S. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Galiev R.R. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Shchavruk N.V. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Dyuzhikov I.N. ,   Radio-engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation, Pavlovskiy V.V. ,   Radio-engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation, Volkov O.Yu. ,   Radio-engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Terahertz quantum cascade lasers (THz QCLs) are prospective radiation sources for high-resolution gas spectroscopy. A wide range of operating frequencies (from 1.2 to 5.4 THz), a narrow generation line (up to 10 kHz), the ability to operate on several radiative transitions (two-color lasers, generation of frequency combs) and other unique characteristics of THz QCLs make it possible to create a new generation of gas spectrometers for biomedical and environmental applications. The article discusses the possibilities of controlling the spectral characteristics of THz QCLs by changing the operating temperature and parameters of the injection current pulses: amplitude, duration, and repetition rate. For the first time, the study of energy transfer between longitudinal Fabry — Perot modes in THz QCLs with a change in the duty cycle of injection current pulses has been carried out.
AÇÕES E REAÇÕES DE UMA EMPRESA FAMILIAR FRENTE A ASPECTOS CONTINGENCIAIS DA CRISE ECONÔMICA E SANITÁRIA DO BRASIL
Authors: Kopp Leite Felipe , Capuano da Cruz Ana Paula , Castro D'Ávila Lívia , Anita Walter Silvana
Published: August 2022

Este estudo buscou compreender como uma empresa familiar agiu e reagiu para desenvolver sua capacidade de adaptação frente ao cenário contingencial de crise econômica e sanitária. Trata-se de uma investigação ancorada na teoria da contingência, operacionalizada por meio de um estudo de caso retrospectivo que empregou análise de conteúdo para tratamento dos dados levantados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e documentos. A recessão econômica e a pandemia – variáveis contingenciais ambientais externas – desencadearam um novo cenário com oportunidades de mercado, assim como um cenário restritivo e de distanciamento social. Devido a essas contingências, a empresa precisou rever seu modelo de gestão e promover readequações estruturais e estratégicas. Foram realizadas alterações de localização da sede e inaugurações de unidades as quais afetaram a estrutura. Em relação à estratégia, foi necessário rever a lógica das ideias iniciais da empresa. As ações e reações relacionadas às variáveis contingenciais tiveram que ser realizadas rapidamente visando oportunizar aspectos que o ambiente oferecia, como também se adaptar a novas situações. Conclui-se que relacionar os diferentes fatores contingenciais com aspectos da capacidade adaptativa possibilitou entender como os tais fatores influenciam as ações e reações dos gestores organizacionais visando a adaptação ao seu ambiente.
MULHERES NOS CARGOS DE GESTÃO DO SETOR ATACADISTA DE UBERLÂNDIA – MG: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A PERSPECTIVA DO GLASS CEILING
Authors: Xavier Santos Stefannye , Soueneta Nascimento Nganga Camilla
Published: August 2022

Ainda que as mulheres tenham conquistado seu espaço nas empresas e no mercado de trabalho, este mercado ainda não é um espaço favorável a estas, que enfrentam barreiras rumo à ascensão e também várias dificuldades associadas ao gênero. Visualizando estes desafios existentes na trajetória profissional das mulheres, este trabalho busca analisar, sob a perspectiva do Glass Ceiling, os fatores que atuam como facilitadores ou dificultadores na trajetória das mulheres em cargos de gestão no setor atacadista da Cidade de Uberlândia-MG. Para atingir o objetivo delineado, foi desenvolvida pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, mediante a condução de um estudo de caso em uma empresa do ramo atacadista situada em Uberlândia-MG. Os resultados das análises realizadas indicam a existência do Glass Ceiling na empresa objeto de estudo, tendo em vista a segmentação vertical por gênero identificada na análise dos cargos. Há também barreiras que dificultam a chegada das mulheres nos altos cargos como, por exemplo, resistências por parte da liderança da empresa; ausência de ações do setor de Recursos Humanos que promovam a diversidade; e um ciclo de sucessões e ascensões em setores dominados por homens. Por outro lado, o estudo indica que o setor de Recursos Humanos entende que uma sensibilização precisa acontecer juntamente à promoção de oportunidades às mulheres.