bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainability in Smart Cities
Authors: Vázquez Dolores Gallardo , Gil María Teresa Nevado
Published: May 2018

Cities play an important role in the development of economies, generating wealth and well-being for citizens, providing better, energy efficient and sustainable services and giving residents their rightful place as the cornerstone of city management. Spain has a quite unique example of a smart city, Vitoria-Gasteiz. This is an emblematic city for Europe, which awarded this municipality the title of European Green Capital 2012. This paper seeks to analyse the best sustainable practices through a case study based on content analysis of this city's website. In the social dimension, the results highlight the promotion of resident participation through municipal services, to ensure public debate and transparency. In the environmental dimension, the city has a sustainable mobility plan that aims to reverse the trend towards an increased use of private vehicles by promoting the use of buses, trams and bicycles. Finally, in the economic dimension, the findings underscore the city's economic rigour, transparency in management and economic recovery.
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Authors: Carvalho Luísa Cagica
Published: May 2018

Regional development is founded on creative and dynamic territories, where several partners collaborate to create ideal conditions to improve life living, business, job creation and regional competitiveness. Smart cities use networks to promote economic and political efficiency and to allow social, cultural and urban development. These regions present high standards respecting some indicators associated with, innovation, creativity, environment, life quality, entrepreneurial activities and support facilities. Entrepreneurial ecosystems are an important dimension for a region or city to become smart. These entrepreneurial ecosystems emerge as a compromise to foster entrepreneurship and economic development in a regional context. This chapter has two folds. Firstly, it aims to the discussion of core concepts, such as, smart city and how to define an entrepreneurial ecosystem. It also aims to its features, to understand if an entrepreneurial ecosystem is born or made and it pretends to show an example of a smart start-up city, which is the case of Lisbon.
Recent Progress in Online Communication Tools for Urban Planning
Authors: Damurski Lukasz
Published: May 2018

This comparative analysis of Polish and German online communication tools for urban planning follows a similar study conducted in 2012. A comprehensive method for analysis of e-participation tools including three complimentary criteria: “transparency”, “spatiality” and “interactivity” is now enhanced with mobile applications for planning. Using the same research sample (the biggest regional capital cities) enables the comparison of the ICT tools in the years 2012-2015. The results show how public planning institutions improve and develop their online communication in urban planning processes in line with the contemporary trends and citizens' expectations. They also point to the emerging standards in e-participation in urban planning, evidently similar in Poland and Germany despite different historical background as well as socio-political and technological contexts.
Integration Between Urban Planning and Natural Hazards For Resilient City
Authors: Tüdeş Şule , Kumlu Kadriye Burcu Yavuz , Ceryan Sener
Published: May 2018

Analyses and syntheses conducted before the urban planning process are significant. Accurate analysis and synthesis enable to determine proper site selection and the proper site selection is the basis of a sustainable urban plan. In this sense, fundamental analysis inputs of the proper site selection could be indicated as the related parameters of the earth sciences. The interpretation of these inputs require the essential analyses and syntheses of initially the geological and geotechnical research with geophysics, tectonic, topography, mineral and natural resources, hydrogeology, geomorphology and engineering geology. Synthesis maps composed of these inputs especially provide guides for natural thresholds consisting of landslide, flood, inundation, earthquake etc. for land use planning and site selection parts in the urban planning processes. In this regard, this chapter of the book contains the relation between the earth sciences parameters with the urban planning and the way these parameters lead the way of urban planning processes.
Planning Transit System for Indian Cities
Authors: Jana Arnab , Bardhan Ronita
Published: May 2018

Indian cities are currently in a phase of transition. Continuous urbanization and seamless connectivity is the paradigm. Proliferating bourgeois class is extending the demand for private automobiles. With limited opportunity to increment land use allocated to transportation and rapid shift towards automobile ownership, importance of transit system is being sensed. City managers believe that public transit could be an alternative in providing solution to ever increasing problem of traffic congestion, parking demand, accidents and fatalities, and global environmental adversities. This chapter examines the critical planning issues that need to be addressed. It highlights the opportunities and challenges these cities are poised towards transit system planning. The experiences from cities worldwide that have adopted transit systems to create compact city forms fostering mixed land use development are exemplified here. A ‘3P' developmental framework of ‘provide', ‘promote' and ‘progress' has been proposed to harness the opportunity.
Infrastructure Development as a Catalyst for Social-Economic Advancement
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: May 2018

Government identifies scaling-up investment in infrastructure as one of the key enablers to achieve its development objectives - these include achieving high and sustained growth levels to reduce poverty, income inequality and high unemployment. The specific areas where infrastructure development is required include transport (road, rail, maritime and aviation), electricity, water, housing and ICT. This paper explores how infrastructure development acts as a catalyst for social-economic advancement with focus on Namibia. The paper will review the state of infrastructure in Namibia in relation to existing financing and regulatory environment and in particular delves into the understanding of and the need for systems approach to infrastructure development to ensure that the catalyst effect on social-economic development take place. The last part is the conclusion.
A Scenario for the Future Athens Planning
Authors: Marmaras Emmanuel V.
Published: May 2018

The chapter supports the aspect that a planning procedure is developed in Athens (Greece) the last years, aiming to undertake the role of a semi-regional node in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. This node is needed for the integration of the globalization western system. Τhe organization of the Olympic Games of 2004 was the initiative for the construction of the needed infrastructures and main urban works in the city. Legal measures regarding the administrative and labour issues were undertaken during the previous four years in conjunction with the acquisition of the needed urban land in the coastal area of the Athens plain, where a new CBD is under implementation. These developments are the main arguments for supporting the aspect that Athens is now re-organized and upgraded with new urban equipment, which will facilitate the settling of the headquarters of various multinational organizations and other private enterprises in the Eastern Mediterranean region.
Strategies to Implement Edge Computing in a P2P Pervasive Grid
Authors: Steffenel Luiz Angelo , Pinheiro Manuele Kirsch , Peres Lucas Vaz , Pinheiro Damaris Kirsch
Published: May 2018

The exponential dissemination of proximity computing devices (smartphones, tablets, nanocomputers, etc.) raises important questions on how to transmit, store and analyze data in networks integrating those devices. New approaches like edge computing aim at delegating part of the work to devices in the “edge” of the network. In this article, the focus is on the use of pervasive grids to implement edge computing and leverage such challenges, especially the strategies to ensure data proximity and context awareness, two factors that impact the performance of big data analyses in distributed systems. This article discusses the limitations of traditional big data computing platforms and introduces the principles and challenges to implement edge computing over pervasive grids. Finally, using CloudFIT, a distributed computing platform, the authors illustrate the deployment of a real geophysical application on a pervasive network.
Enablement of IoT Based Context-Aware Smart Home With Fog Computing
Authors: Bansal Maggi , Chana Inderveer , Clarke Siobhan
Published: May 2018

The recent advent of Internet of Things (IoT), has given rise to a plethora of smart verticals- smart homes being one of them. Smart Home is a classic example of IoT, wherein smart appliances connected via home gateways constitute a local home network to assist people in activities of daily life. Smart Home involves IoT-based automation (such as smart lighting, heating, surveillance etc.), remote monitoring and control of smart appliances. Besides automation, human-in-the-loop is a unique characteristic of Smart home to offer personalized services. Understanding the human behavior requires context processing. Thus, enablement of Smart home involves two prominent technologies IoT and context-aware computing. Further, local devices lying in the smart home have the implicit location and situational information, hence fog computing can offer real-time smart home services. In this paper, the authors propose ICON (IoT-based CONtext-aware) framework for context-aware IoT applications such as smart home, further ICON leverages fog-based IoT middleware to perform context-aware processing.
Proactive Mobile Fog Computing Using Work Stealing
Authors: SOO SANDER , Chang Chii , Loke Seng W. , Srirama Satish Narayana
Published: May 2018

A common design of the Internet of Things (IoT) system relies on distant Cloud for management and processing, which faces the challenge of latency, especially when the application requires rapid response in the edge network. Therefore, researchers have proposed the Fog computing architecture, which distributes the computational data processing tasks to the edge network nodes located in the vicinity of data sources and end-users to reduce the latency. Although the Fog computing architecture is promising, it still faces a challenge in mobility when the tasks come from ubiquitous mobile applications in which the data sources are moving objects. In order to address the challenge, this article proposes a proactive Fog service provisioning framework, which hastens the task distribution process in Mobile Fog use cases. Further, the proposed framework provides an optimization scheme in task allocation based on runtime context information. A proof-of-concept prototype has been implemented and tested on real devices.
Privacy Enhanced Cloud-Based Recommendation Service for Implicit Discovery of Relevant Support Groups in Healthcare Social Networks
Authors: Elmisery Ahmed M. , Sertovic Mirela
Published: May 2018

Recommending support-groups in healthcare social networks is the problem of detecting for each patient his/her membership to one support-group of relevant patients. The patients in each support-group share some relevant preferences which guarantee that the support-group as a whole satisfies some desired properties of similarity. As a result, forming these support-groups requires the availability of personal data of different patients. This is a crucial requirement for different recommender services. With the increasing trend of service providers to collect a large volume of personal data regarding their end-users, presumably to better serve them. However, a significant part of the data that is typically collected is not essential to the service being offered, or to the completion of the services it was presumably released for. Gathering such unnecessary data can be seen as a privacy threat, and storing it exposes the end-users to further unavoidable risks. In this paper, a privacy enhanced cloud-based recommendation service is proposed for the implicit discovery of appropriate support groups in healthcare social network. A fog based middleware (FMCP) was introduced that runs at patients' sides and allows exchanging of their information to facilities recommending and creating support-groups without disclosing their real preferences to other parties. The membership of patients in various support groups allows receiving highly appropriate and reliable healthcare-related advices. The system utilizes two protocols to attain this goal. Experiments were performed on real dataset.
Social Media in Education
Authors: Rezaei Dena F. , Ritter Nicola L.
Published: May 2018

Although social media is prevalent among individual use, instructors and students have not fully embraced social media as tool for the classroom. The focus of the chapter is to identify and identify ways in which social media, as a complementary pedagogical tool to traditional techniques, contributes to create an innovative, collaborative educational environment for students. Different categories and themes, as well as best practices have been identified as the ways of improving students' learning as a result of utilizing social media. Social media helps students in their learning through facilitating active learning, promoting affective learning outcomes, inspiring creativity and innovation, supporting team-based work, and creating a community of learners. Social media enhances professional development and increases performance and grades. Finally, the authors identify best practices for implementing social media in educational setting during the different phases of instructional design process.
Students' Privacy Concerns on the Use of Social Media in Higher Education
Authors: Aymerich-Franch Laura , Fedele Maddalena
Published: May 2018

Social media is principally used by students in the private sphere. However, its implementation for educational purposes in higher education is rapidly expanding. This chapter looks into undergraduate students' perceptions of using social media in the university context. In particular, it examines students' privacy concerns regarding faculty use of social networks to support classroom work and video calling or online chats to meet for work discussion. Two-hundred-forty-four undergraduate students completed a survey and four focus groups were carried out. The results reveal that although students generally accept using social media in the instructional arena, privacy concerns can easily emerge. Educational institutions are encouraged to take these concerns seriously. Using applications specifically created for learning purposes and developing some guidelines for a correct implementation of these resources for the faculty to follow might contribute to alleviate these concerns.
iPhoneography in the Secondary Classroom
Authors: Oliver Kristi
Published: May 2018

In this chapter the author describes a qualitative study aimed to explore how secondary students used smartphone technology to capture and share images via social media. The findings of the study include: digital identity construction, image sharing and social media, the perception of public vs. private, image sharing as critique, and iPhoneography as visual communication. Pedagogical implications of incorporating iPhoneography into existing visual art curricula are explored, and include suggestions for utlilzing iPhoneography to enhance skills in thematic development, as well as an effective tool for formative assessment. Finally, ways to challenge students creatively by using prompts inspired by contemporary photographers are proposed.
An Ongoing Journey to Foster Urban Students' Online “Public Voices”
Authors: Lawrence Nick , O'Brien Joe
Published: May 2018

Digital participatory media offer urban social studies teachers a unique opportunity to foster students' civic skills and public voice while enhancing their understanding of social justice within a democratic society. This article addresses the continuation of a New York City 8th grade U.S. history teacher's journey to use digital tools to foster his students' collaborative and communication skills and to help them learn social justice oriented content. While doing so, he overcame challenges related to technology integration, curricular alignment, selection of appropriate digital tools, and the need to cultivate his students' online academic norms. In doing so, he confronted Livingston's query about whether the use of technology necessitates a “fundamental transformation in learning infrastructure” and the need “to rethink the relations between pedagogy and society, teacher and pupil, and knowledge and participation” (2012, p. 8). He ended this part of his journey with these new challenges: how to enable his students to become navigators of their learning; ways to align the curriculum with his students' thinking; and, managing a dynamic instructional support system guided by his students' learning. His goal is “to forge a bridge between [his students'] media production and civic engagement' (Kahne, Lee, & Feezell, 2012).
Social Media and Foreign Language Teacher Education
Authors: Li Jiahang
Published: May 2018

This chapter will focus on examining how instructors who are preparing foreign language teachers, both pre-service and in-service, integrate social media in their teaching practices to gain more insights on what beliefs these instructors hold and what differences and similarities between their beliefs and actual teaching practices about social media integration in foreign language teacher education. The chapter will first provide a literature review about the general beliefs that instructors held on the integration of social media and foreign language teacher education. Next, promising examples of the integration of social media in foreign language teacher education will be provided. Last but not least, affordances and challenges of the integration of social media and foreign language teacher education will be discussed, followed by implications and future directions.
Using Social Media to Support Presentation Skill Development in Traditional Classroom Environments
Authors: Di Gangi Paul M. , Goh Samuel H. , Lewis Carmen C.
Published: May 2018

Social media has become widely adopted in both society and business. However, the academy has been slow to leverage social media as a learning tool. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, this study explores student perceptions about the use of social media in face-to-face classroom environments. Second, this study examines how social media, as a learning tool, supports presentation skill development. Using a proprietary social media application, we conducted a sequential mixed method study using students enrolled in undergraduate introductory information systems courses that included a student presentation project. One hundred seventy-seven students responded to a survey based on a facilitator and inhibitor model of social media use and an open-ended questionnaire to understand how social media impacts presentation skill development. The implications of the results from this study are discussed along with directions for future research.
Social Media and the Rhetorical Situation
Authors: Fredlund Katherine
Published: May 2018

Recognizing that students develop rhetorical skills on social media, this chapter presents a number of writing assignments that ask students to engage with social media and complete a variety of tasks online. These tasks range from taking and posting a photograph, to revising social media posts for honesty, to creating memes. Each assignment then requires students to reflect on these experiences in formal written assignments. This reflective component encourages students to consider writing conventions, processes, and genres in order to develop “high road” and meta-cognitive transfer skills. These assignments have three primary goals: (1) they help students engage with course content, (2) they build student confidence, and (3) they ask students to practice transfer.
An Economic Analysis of the Evolution of the Tourism Sector in Bahrain
Authors: Khayati Anis
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the evolution and the effects of tourism on the main economic indicators in Bahrain. Results show that, overall, the tourism sector is growing even though with some periods of disruption. However, the sector seems to be operating beneath its potential as can be seen from its concentration on interregional arrivals. Results show that tourism receipts are still much below the level of some countries in the region. However, the contribution of tourism receipts to GDP remains clearly above international average levels, while its contribution to exports is slightly above the average. In addition, the industry relies primarily on expatriate labor for employment. Results also indicate that the levels of investment and government spending remain relatively low in comparison to some countries in the Gulf. Given the great potential of the country, better results could be attainable if the country shows firm commitment to develop this sector.
Promoting Rural Heritage Tourism
Authors: Maji Pranab
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to explore three research questions concerned with marketing strategies, marketing tools, and integrated promotional strategies in general and in respect to this particular destination. The chapter attempts to extract the strategy formulation aspects in marketing practices for development of rural tourism destination at Bishnupur. The analysis is in particular and on overall marketing practices in general. The study hypothesizes that lack of proper marketing initiatives cause problems for tourism industry to claim parallel existence with the mainstream entrepreneurs. The study believes that there is a great scope of rural heritage tourism especially in Bishnupur because every village has rich treasure of unique art, culture, folklore, heritage, lifestyle, and so on. Marketing plays a vital role to develop the rural tourism and encourage the tourists to visit the rural destination and involve the rural people to enhance their socio-economic condition as well.
Policy Perspective of Tourism Sector
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: May 2018

True, studies and research on tourism policy had a slow start, but today, most aspects of tourism policy are covered well in the literature, and notably, there has been a marked quickening in the pace of study over the past decade. There is proper documentation of the influences on policy, as are the roles of the different stakeholders in the policy process. This contrasts with the understanding of the work of the policymakers that are still incomplete or underdeveloped, as is the nature and influence of the different forms of policy output. The purpose of this chapter, based on one of the models of tourism policy making, is to examine the policy aspects for tourism development and examine the key issues therein. Adopting desk research approach and in-depth review of the literature, this chapter explores the issues regarding policy making and provides a policy perspective to this growing and dynamic sector.
From Social Learning to Norm Validation
Authors: Plumb Donovan
Published: May 2018

This chapter asserts that the emergent ontology of critical realism especially as mobilized by sociologist Dave Elder-Vass in his discussion of norm circles provides a powerful theoretical basis for supporting the emancipatory aspirations of critical adult education. According to Michael Welton, because of its capacity to support social learning, critical adult education has a pivotal role to play in human emancipation. Drawing on Jürgen Habermas's critical theory of communicative action, Michael Welton argues that critical adult education's deepest contemporary purpose is to foster social learning that can enable people to resist the destructive colonization of lifeworld contexts. This chapter argues that, while Habermas provides important insight into the normative foundations of critical adult education, his theory of communicative action cannot alone illuminate the ways human learning shapes and is shaped by lifeworld contexts. Elder-Vass's exploration of norm-circles helps identify weaknesses in the concept of “social learning” and identify how, in addition to supporting individual learning, emancipatory adult educators can also support the distinctive emergent power of norm-circles to form and enforce epistemic, discursive, ethical, and practical norms.
Mezirow and the Theory of Transformative Learning
Authors: Fleming Ted
Published: May 2018

Mezirow's theory of transformative learning has always relied on the work of Jürgen Habermas in order to give it a sound theoretical base. This chapter outlines Mezirow's theory of transformative learning attending to its reliance on critical theory which contributes important concepts such as domains of learning, emancipatory learning, critical reflection, and the discourse of communicative action. This chapter explores how the work of Habermas and elements of his critical theory not utilized by Mezirow enhance the rigor of Mezirow's work. An argument is made that allows us to interpret transformative learning theory as a critical theory. As a new generation of Frankfurt School scholars create the next iteration of critical theory, the implications of Axel Honneth's recognition theory are identified for the theory and practice of transformative learning. The communicative turn of Habermas and the recognition and emancipatory turns of Honneth contribute significantly to the evolution of transformation theory.
Transformative Learning
Authors: Moss Leah , Brown Andy
Published: May 2018

Transformative learning is not the goal or learning objective of a recognition of acquired competencies (RAC) process. The authors of this chapter suggest transformative learning is a possible by-product of this process which is an exercise in critical self-reflection and demonstration of competencies. Although unintentional, the RAC process is somewhat aligned with Mezirow's phases of transformative learning. A challenge is that it is empirically difficult to measure the phases or the outcome of transformative learning. However, by examining the narratives of female immigrant learners in a RAC process, this chapter explores the potential of transformative learning as a by-product of their respective experiences in the recognition of their prior learning.
The Development of the Entrepreneurial Mindset, Critical Thinking Skills, and Critical Reflective Practices Through Experiential Learning Activities in Graduate Business School
Authors: Norris Sharon E.
Published: May 2018

The value and relevance of graduate business education is enhanced when students are prepared for ongoing changes in the competitive global marketplace. Some of the most sought-after characteristics among business professionals include the entrepreneurial mindset and entrepreneurial orientation in addition to critical thinking and reflective skills. Individuals with an entrepreneurial mindset use self-leadership strategies. They are creative and possess improvisational abilities. People with an entrepreneurial orientation are innovative and proactive, and they are not risk-averse. Critical thinking skills along with the capacity for critical reflection allows individuals to make effective decisions, consider the consequences of their attitudes and actions, as well as make changes to reset trajectories of effective performance. Experiential learning activities embedded throughout the business curriculum will afford graduate business students the opportunity to develop these skills and competencies and thus equip them for service in organizations in the future.
Generation Z Perceptions of Quality Certification
Authors: Kamenidou Irene (Eirini) C. , Mamalis Spyridon A. , Dimitriadis Efstathios
Published: May 2018

This article explores Generation Z consumers' perceptions of quality certification. Specifically, it studies what 270 Generation Z university students perceive when they observe that fruit has a quality certification label, assessing nine statements on a Likert scale. The study was conducted through an online questionnaire with participants from Greece (n=87), Romania (n=86), and the Czech Republic (n=97). Analysis revealed that as concerns Generation Z consumers' perceptions of quality certification of fruits, the three higher overall (for all countries) mean scores were obtained for fruits having better taste (MS=4.22), being of superior quality (MS=4.20) and free of pesticides (MS=3.84). The Greek university students are the ones that have the least trust in the quality labeling and certifications. The results of the ANOVA analysis and post-hoc tests also indicated that there are significant differences among the three countries' Generation Z-ers. Implications for fruit marketing based on results are discussed.
Analysis of Employability Skill Gap in Information Technology Professionals
Authors: Misra Rajnish Kumar , Khurana Khushbu
Published: May 2018

This article delves into exploring and listing the skills required to get employment and for enhancing the employability of information technology professionals in India. The present article focuses on the perception of employers and students (engineering graduates) in order to identify the need and importance of employability skills in Indian IT companies. A checklist had been prepared after reviewing the relevant literature on employability skills. The result highlights that the respondents differ in perception on various skills. These skills are learnability, reasoning, reliability, adaptability, flexibility, loyalty, resourceful, proactive, gratitude, interpersonal skills, creative thinking, persuasiveness, networking, job-seeking, business fundamental, and willingness to work. While on some skills there seems to be no significant difference. However, the skills where there are differences in perception need immediate attention so that remedial measures are initiated. The implications of this article will be helpful in guiding both industry and academia in incorporating and enhancing the employability skills among professionals.
Synchronous Teaching Techniques From the Perspective and Observation of Virtual High School Teachers
Authors: O'Brien Amy , Fuller Richard
Published: May 2018

This article describes how there are specific tools and techniques used by teachers in synchronous-live-virtual classroom environments. Those items were investigated in this article. Data was collected from semi-structured, one-on-one interviews conducted with a purposeful sample of twelve identified “highly-qualified” teachers at a cyber charter school in Pennsylvania that administered mandatory online synchronous class sessions. Additional data was collected through observations of each participant in their recorded archived “synchronous live” class sessions. The results of the study detailed the use of tools and techniques in regard to engagement, assessment and classroom management.
Buyagain Grocery Recommender Algorithm for Online Shopping of Grocery and Gourmet Foods
Authors: Moses Sharon J. , Babu L.D. Dhinesh
Published: May 2018

Online shopping of grocery and gourmet products differ from other shopping activities due to its routine nature of buy-consume-buy. The existing recommendation algorithms of ecommerce websites are suitable only to render recommendation for products of one time purchase. So, in order to identify and recommend the products that users are likely to buy again and again, a novel recommender algorithm is proposed based on linguistic decision analysis model. The proposed buyagain recommender algorithm finds the semantic value of the user comments and computes the semantic value along with the user rating to render recommendation to the user. The efficiency of the buyagain recommender algorithm is evaluated using the grocery and gourmet dataset of amazon ecommerce websites. The end result proves that the algorithm accurately recommends the product that the user likes to purchase once again.
LocPSORank-Prediction of Ranking of Web Services Using Location-Based Clustering and PSO Algorithm
Authors: Mareeswari V. , Sathiyamoorthy E.
Published: May 2018

Online communities will provide the trustworthiness of their services and also, recommendation systems to improve the commercial value in this competitive business world. Prediction is the greatest method to get people interested whatever offered. Traditional QoS based prediction approach, predicts the QoS value of web service when the incompletion QoS records. This proposed approach introduced cluster based PSO algorithm, which provides better scalability, simplicity, and efficiency. It uses the density-based clusters based on web service users' location and ranks the web services based on PSO algorithm. Here, top-K users are selecting based on web service preferences and weights are giving for experienced neighbors. To achieve the high-quality outcome of the ranking sequence by the control of fitness function and verified by AP correlation coefficient method. The experimental results discussed how this proposed approach provided better prediction accuracy and compared with other existing approaches.
Modified Chicken Claw (Cakar Ayam Modifikasi) System - A New Concept in Green Pavement Technology over Soft and Swampy Ground
Authors: Suhendro Bambang
Published: May 2018

Some parts of Indonesia region, especially near the coast, have soft subgrade and a part of them is swampy with relatively deep soft soil layer. To utilize and develop such areas absolutely need an adequate road network, while the existing road on such areas needs high maintenance cost. Conventional solutions with embankment made of better soil properties through preloading process, or with the technology of slab on pile system, is expensive and not environmentally friendly. This paper discusses the basic principles, methods of analysis and design, implementations, and practical applications of the Modified Chicken Claw (Cakar Ayam Modifikasi) system, which in addition to technically meets the requirements, is also relatively much cheaper, easier and faster to construct, and more environmentally friendly. This is a totally new concept of pavement system originally developed in Indonesia, which has been widely applied as road construction over soft and swampy grounds with satisfactory long-term performance. The system consists of a relatively thin (10~15 cm) reinforced concrete slab, pipes (chicken claws) inserted into the soft ground at about 2.5 m distances as slab stiffener, and underlying soft soil layer. Compared to previous similar versions, the Modified Chicken Claw system has many advantages including (a) a much more accurate method of analysis and design so as to obtain optimal design, (b) much smaller dimension and chicken claw weight, (c) vertical concrete fin as underlying soil barrier for more pavement stability and durability, (d) the present of thin asphalt layer to significantly reduce the effect of cyclic thermal loading and act as wearing course, (e) combination with a light fill material to minimize the consolidation settlement, and (f) a much shorter construction time with a relatively cheaper cost, since heavy equipment are not necessary.
Cost Estimation Model for I-Girder Bridge Superstructure Using Multiple Linear Regression and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Winalytra Inas , Nugroho Arief Setiawan Budi , Triwiyono Andreas
Published: May 2018

One of the owner’s common problem before executing construction projects is the complexity in estimating the project cost in an early stage. Inaccurate cost estimation will force the owner to make further arrangement to the project budget. This study aims to develop an initial cost estimation model for superstructures of Precast I-girder Bridge. Cost estimation model was developed based on thirteen data of detail engineering design of I-girder bridge in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Factors influencing the cost of the superstructures of the I-girder bridge were identified. Bridge span and width, the size of the sidewalk, and railing’s type are considered as variables affecting the cost of superstructures. These variables are then arranged into two different analysis Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), in order to obtain the best estimation model. The results of the analysis showed that bridge span and width were the significant factors influencing cost. The correlation value of bridge span is 89.0%, bridge width is 74.2%, the size of the sidewalk is 66.1%, and railing’s type is 46.1% as identified factors that affect the cost of the superstructure. A comparative model of two approaches shows that the ANN has better accuracy than that of MLR, although the difference was not significant.
Groundwater Engineering Computation Methods Based on Forchheimer’s Equation
Authors: Sunjoto S.
Published: May 2018

Darcy was known as a very generous engineer. He is undoubtedly the father of the science of fluid flow in soils for his experiment on the flow of water through a sand column which was published in his book ‘Lesfontainespubliques de lavillede Dijonin 1856, named after him as Darcy’s law. For the practical computation, this equation was developed by Dupuit & Thiem, and then it called Dupuit-Thiem equation. This equation was redeveloped by many researchers in many variations with different parameters especially for radial flow in pumping and recharging systems. Their basic pumping system equations for a confined and unconfined aquifer as well as for full penetration well with a fully perforated casing. In the practical implementation, this condition rarely occurs especially for thick aquifer; therefore many researchers developed a correction for those formulas from full penetration to be partial penetration wells. Partial penetration well is a well which its depth or tip of its casing does not reach an impermeable stratum beneath the aquifer. Despite the correction, those formulas still have difficulty in computing the design of pumping system due to its need for hydraulic gradient data which can only be defined by two real time data of piezometric head before and after pumping related to the horizontal distance of both points. So in this paper will be presented some inventions of computation methods for instance: recharge systems, the drawdown of pumping, pumping on the aquifer, water losses on the lake, permeability test, pumping test analysis and partial penetration well equation.
Universitas Gadjah Mada Drinking Water Supply System (UGM-DWSS) Potential on Supporting Green Campus Program in Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Fahrianto Adhi  S. , Supraba Intan , Triatmadja Radianta , Kamulyan Budi
Published: May 2018

Green Campus is a campus environment that is designed to increase energy efficiency, preserve resource and improve the quality of the environment. One of the important elements to support the green campus program is the existence of drinking water supply system.Universitas Gadjah Mada Drinking Water Supply System (UGM-DWSS) is a drinking water or potable water supply service to supply drinking water for the campus. This research aims at analyzing UGM-DWSS potential and its performance to support Green Campus. This research was based on primary data collection in UGM campus. Data collection techniques consist of observation of UGM-DWSS facilities, interview with UGM-DWSS water managers and users, and questionnaires distribution to UGM academic community. The daily water production of UGM-DWSS was 10 l/s drinking water. Every day the water discharge distributed from UGM-DWSS to 49 water fountains and 12 water dispensers was1.71 l/s, while the estimated daily water consumption rate was0.07l/s. It is assumed that those who did not consume water from UGM-DWSS facilities bought plastic drinking water bottle. Every day, it is estimated that the number of generated plastic drinking water bottle waste was 19,168 bottles with capacity 600 ml/bottle. Indeed, by comparing to the total water production capacity being produced daily, the idle capacity was 99.3 %.The tendency of negative response from the majority of UGM inhabitants for using UGM –DWSS was due to hesitation about water quality, continuity of water supply, and ease of access to the nearby water fountains and water dispensers. Improvement of UGM-DWSS facilities that are supported by massive socialization programs including innovation to utilize produced drinking water is recommended to optimize the role of UGM-DWSS to create Green Campus.
Die Bergengel – ’n diggeweefde tapisserie
Authors: Greyling Franci
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.
Decolourization of Direct Blue 2 by peroxidases obtained from an industrial soybean waste
Authors: Miranda-Mandujano E , Moeller-Chávez G , Villegas-Rosas O , Buitrón Germán , Garzón-Zúñiga MA
Published: May 2018

In this work the decolourization of Direct Blue 2 dye (DB2) using an industrial soybean waste as a source of peroxidases was studied. Temperature, pH, amount of H2O2 and concentration of dye were evaluated to determine the maximum catalytic activity of the enzyme during the dye degradation process. It was observed that a temperature of 40°C, a pH of 5 and a concentration of 40 mg/L for the dye in aqueous phase, play a significant role in the overall enzyme-mediated reaction. The maximum decolourization efficiency achieved under optimal conditions was 70% ± 4%. HPLC studies were carried out to confirm dye degradation and analyse the intermediate metabolites. The oxidation products quantified during the reaction were benzidine and 4 aminobiphenyl. Also, an increase in toxicity, determined by Vibrio fisheri, was observed after the enzymatic oxidation of the dye. Results suggest that the oxidation of DB2 with peroxidases can be recommended as a pretreatment step before a conventional treatment process.
Influence of temperature on the performance of anaerobic treatment systems of municipal wastewater
Authors: Dos Santos Silvânia Lucas , Chaves Sílvia Raphaele Morais , Van Haandel Adrianus
Published: May 2018

Anaerobic sewage treatment systems, especially upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, have found wide application over the past decades, particularly in regions with a warm climate. A low sewage temperature is generally considered as a factor contributing to poor performance, characterized by an increase of the COD fractions in the effluent and the generated sludge, and decreasing the fraction that is transformed into methane. An experimental investigation was carried out at pilot scale to establish the values of the three COD fractions for different values of temperature and the applied organic load. The sludge age of the anaerobic treatment, together with temperature, was identified as the main operational variable that affects the efficiency of anaerobic treatment. An empirical expression was derived for the values of the three factions as a function of these two variables. From the results of the experimental investigation it was apparent that there is no point in applying a sludge age of more than 100 d, when the reactor is near its best performance. An expression was derived to establish the hydraulic retention time for maximum digestion efficiency as a function of temperature, concentration and composition of organic material and sludge mass. It was established that the main limit to the sludge hold-up in UASB reactors treating sewage is not the sludge settleability, but rather the break-up of flocs leading to loss of small, poorly-settling particles.
Partition distribution of selected organochlorine pesticides in water, sediment pore water and surface sediment from uMngeni River, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Gakuba E , Moodley B , Ndungu P , Birungi G
Published: May 2018

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were analysed in surface water, pore water and surface sediment samples collected from the uMngeni River, which is one of the largest rivers in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to extract the analytes from water and pore water samples and soxhlet extraction was used to extract sediment samples with subsequent florisil clean-up and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Twelve selected OCPs were analysed and their total concentrations were found to range from 8.04–21.06 ng/mL, 36.06–188.43 ng/mL and 148.17–554.73 ng/g in unfiltered surface water, unfiltered pore water and surface sediment (dry weight (dw)), respectively. The results indicated that the concentrations of these selected pesticides were far higher in sediment (72%) than in pore water (25%) and water (3%). The most polluted sites were Northern Wastewater Treatment influent (NWTI) for water (Σ12 OCP = 19.41 ± 1.43 ng/mL) and Northern Wastewater Treatment effluent (NWTE) for pore water (Σ12 OCP = 166.23 ± 7.16 ng/mL) and sediment (Σ12 OCP = 495.21 ± 32.38 ng/g). The most abundant individual OCPs and their average concentrations in general in the river were p,p′-DDE in unfiltered water (1.62 ±0.22 ng/mL) and unfiltered sediment pore water (17.09 ±7.96 ng/mL), and endrin in surface sediment (55.57 ± 19.01 ng/g, dw).
De las revueltas de ‘pan y paz’ a la política de organización y comunicación: las mujeres en la revolución rusa
Authors: De Miguel Álvarez Ana , Palomo Cermeño Eva
Published: May 2018

Una Revolución necesita una buena comunicación. Lenin así lo pensaba y puso en marcha varias revistas. También las mujeres bolcheviques tuvieron su propio medio de comunicación: Rabotnitsa. Este artículo analiza diferentes aspectos de la política de comunicación sobre el tópico “las mujeres y la revolución rusa”. Más allá de ofrecer una lista de “mujeres célebres” o describir su papel en los hechos pre y post revolucionarios, se exponen claves analíticas para indagar en el proceso de comunicación del sentido de la Revolución para las mujeres y de las mujeres para la Revolución. Qué mensajes se trató de hacer llegar a dentro y fuera del país, en el nivel de atracción interna y externa, hacia la comunidad internacional. Por último, se reflexiona sobre la gestión de la comunicación que se ha hecho del tema en la reciente celebración del centenario de la revolución.
Arte, comunicación y política en la revolución rusa de 1917
Authors: Izquierdo Expósito Violeta
Published: May 2018

La consideración de la obra de arte como un vehículo de comunicación o un sistema de signos ha posibilitado importantes contribuciones teóricas al estudio de la historia social artística. El uso del arte al servicio de las ideologías y la política tiene una larga tradición histórica y alcanzó relevantes manifestaciones en el siglo XX. Nos planteamos en este artículo explorar las relaciones entre el arte y la política en Rusia durante la revolución de 1917, investigando en qué medida el arte de vanguardia y las ideas marxistas desempeñaron un papel determinante en el cambio cultural de esa sociedad y como parte de estas ideas se propagaron por Europa occidental a lo largo del siglo XX.
El impacto de revolución rusa en el campo cordobés: una aproximación desde la prensa y las Actas Capitulares de los ayuntamientos
Authors: Núñez de Prado Clavell Sara , Ramírez Ruiz Raúl
Published: May 2018

El artículo muestra cuál fue el impacto de la Revolución rusa en el mundo rural español. Se utilizan dos fuentes históricas distintas. De un lado se rastrea el impacto que en la prensa tuvo la caída del zar y la implantación del régimen bolchevique, con lo que se calibra cuál es la imagen y la influencia que la revolución tuvo en España. De otro, se acude a las Actas Capitulares de los ayuntamientos cordobeses, con lo que se comprueba como la crisis social, agravada por la guerra, derribó al imperio ruso y golpeó a la monarquía española y sus instituciones, que incapaces de hacer frente a la situación, entraran irremisiblemente en crisis, aunque aún pudieron superar el “Trienio Bolchevique”.