bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geoecological Characteristics of the Unnamed Water Body Located in the Near Vicinity of the Recultivated Municipal Solid Waste Landfill of the Kaliningrad Region
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Vasiliskova A. V. , Kondratenko S. V. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Menshenin A. S. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study of one of the artificial reservoirs in Kaliningrad – a pond w / n with coordinates 54°69ʹ90ʺ N, 20°36ʹ46ʺ E. (hereinafter – the pond), located 0,4 km south of the reclaimed municipal solid waste landfill (hereinafter – the MSW landfill) in the settlement named after A. Kosmodemyansky (Kaliningrad) and 0,6 km from the water area of the Vistula Bay, which is a reservoir of the highest category, which is both amateur and industrial fishing. Through the pond, since the formation of the MSW landfill in 1978, there has been a surface runoff of water containing leachate from the waste dump. After landfill reclamation, the pond is studied for the state of its biota, the chemical composition of water and bottom sediments. The objectives of this study include assessing the degree of impact on the aquatic ecosystems of the MSW landfill by studying the relief features of the pond basin, determining and comprehensively analyzing the obtained morphometric indicators that have a significant impact on the appearance and development of the reservoir, its hydrological regime, the distribution of physicochemical parameters in the thickness water and the current ecological state. In 2021, a bathymetric survey was carried out using a Lowrance HDS-16 echo sounder-chartplotter, during which information about the current depth and geographic coordinates of the studied bottom area was jointly recorded in real time. For the first time, maps of the relief of the bottom of the pond in 2D and 3D format were built. Investigated the drainage basin of the pond. During the subsequent analysis of the obtained results, the main morphometric parameters of the pond were determined. According to the results of calculations, the pond can be attributed to shallow ponds of medium size, with a water surface area of 0,035 km2 and an average depth of 1.8 m. The outlines of its coastline are close to a square.
Counting Jetons from Old Buryat Burials of the Olkhon Region
Authors:   Irkutsk Regional Museum of Local Lore after N. N. Muravyov-Amursky, Baiborodina M. A. ,   Irkutsk State University, Novikov A. G. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2023

The history of the accumulation of materials on counting jetons of the 17th–18th centuries obtained from the burials in the Olkhon region (western coast of Lake Baikal from Cape Elokhin to the Buguldeika village, including Olkhon Island) is considered. Based on the study of literary sources, available archival and collection materials stored in the funds of the Irkutsk State University (excavations of V. V. Pavlutskaya in the 1980s), 8 burials from the Old Buryat cemeteries were identified, in which counting jetons were recorded (more than 244). For the first time, counting jetons from the accompanying inventory of the burial ground Todakta IV are introduced into scientific circulation in full. A generalization and analysis of all currently found counting jetons of the Olkhon region are carried out and their general classification is proposed. To determine the images on some counting jetons and establish the names of the masters who made them, A. A. Pushkarev’s research was used. It was possible to identify 129 jetons with varying degrees of completeness. Among them, according to the plots on the front side, the portrait theme (chest profiles of monarchs) occupies a leading place. There is a variety of plots on the reverse side of the jetons: heraldic signs, an ancient warrior, a park with a fountain, a three-masted ship, a tree under the sun. Most of the counting jetons are marked with the seal of the master Johann Christian Reich (109). There are also works of Johann Friedrich Weidinger (7), Albrecht Hoger (4), Johann Jakob Ditzel (4), Johann Adam Vogel (3) and Cornelius Lauffer (1). Taking into account the periods of activity of these masters, it is possible to outline the chronology of the use of certain plots for decorating jetons. In the first half of the 18th century (along with heraldic signs marked in the 17th century) images are often found: a sailing ship and a tree under the sun; in one case, an ancient warrior was recorded (in combination with the image of Louis XV). The themes of coats of arms and ships were encountered in the second half of the 18th century. In the Old Buryat burials of the Olkhon region, counting jetons originating from different workshops are found together. The latest of them were made in the workshop of Johann Christian Reich, which is probably associated with the intensification of the export of jetons to Russia and Siberia in the second half of the 18th century.
Anthropological Variability of the Russian Population in the European Part of Russia According to Dermatoglyphic Data
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS, Shirobokov I. G.
Published: December 2023

The variability of frequencies of different types of palm and finger patterns in the Russian population has repeatedly become the subject of research by both anthropologists and criminologists. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the geographical variability of dermatoglyphic features in the Russian population of the European part of Russia, taking into account all published and available archival data. In total, materials of 36 dermatoglyphic series from more than 5 thousand people were analyzed. The research program included a set of 6 “key traits” (Dl10, Ic, t, Hy, DMT, Th/I), the effectiveness of which for differentiating the Eurasian population was convincingly shown in the papers of G. L. Heet, as well as additional features reflecting the patterning of the skin ridges on fingers and palms. It was found that the variability of dermatoglyphic traits in groups of Russians of the southern and especially northern regions is noticeably higher than in the central region. The magnitudes of some features (frequencies of some types of finger and palm patterns) correlate with the geographical location of the groups. The general picture of dermatoglyphic variability of the Russian population in the European part of Russia cannot be characterized as homogeneous, although it does not have a clear structure. The high variability of features in groups of the Russian North can only partly be due to genetic drift in conditions of lower population density and is explained by the inclusion of a substratum and heterogeneous population, speakers of various Finno-Ugric languages. Involvement in the analysis of 40 craniological series of the 17th – early 20th centuries allowed us to group all anthropological material into 15 territorial samples and to compare the data of two independent systems of anthropological traits. Integration of the data using the method of principal components revealed a consistent variation of the two systems of traits. The vector “southwest–northeast” corresponds to the direction of maximum anthropological differentiation of the groups. Despite the turbulent historical events of the 20th century, two world wars, active migration processes, the main direction of anthropological variability of the Russian population has not changed dramatically.
Saitin Gods in Buryat Shamanism: Semantics of Images and Functions
Authors:   East Siberian State Institute of Culture, Dashieva N. B.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the semantics and functions of the deities known in the Buryat shaman pantheon of the Baikal region as “Saitani Burhad” (Saitin gods). The chronological framework of the study covers the period from the last quarter of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century. The research is based on historical, ethnographic, ethnolinguistic, folkloristic, mythological and archaeological materials. Structural-functional and cultural-semantic analyses used to identify the semantics of the image of each Saitin deity in the pantheon showed their conditionality by the process of personification, which correlates with one of the structural components of the white shamanism of the Buryats, defined by its origin as female shamanism. They include shamanic trance, silver as a sacred metal in the sphere of white shamanism, the process of invoking gods and ancestral spirits with the help of chants, the ritual attire of the shaman, as well as the rite of sacrifice and its attributes. The study of the image and functions of the mythological ancestors of the Buryats of the Hori tribe, represented in the pantheon of the Saitin gods with the functions of intermediary spirits between earthly people and the White heavenly gods of the “Western Tengri”, reveals their commonality with the worldview, cosmogonic myths and cosmological representations of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Southern Siberia, Central Asia and the Yakuts. The origins of this community go back to the culture of the Iranian-speaking peoples of the Eurasian steppes of the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age, who revered the creator God, whose name is formed from the root aar/aya. The analysis of the ethnogonic myth of the Khori-Buryats as the plot of the cosmogonic myth correlated with the seasonal rituals of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples showed that historically the bearers of these beliefs were a social community with the totemic cult of the Scythian Deer-Sun and Swan-Sun Bird. Taking into account the correlation of images and events in the Khori myth with petroglyphs in the Sagan-Zaba Bay and Aya Bay on the northern shore of Lake Baikal, the origin of the Saitin gods among the population of the Baikal region can be correlated with the tile graves on Olkhon Island and the northern coast of Lake Baikal.
Social media and migrants’ perceptions: Portugal as a potential host country for Brazilian workers
Authors: Nunes Flávio
Published: December 2023

Social media use is increasingly affecting the various stages preceding the decision to emigrate, including the selection of final destination. Future migrants meaningfully use ICT to connect with those workers who are already living abroad, as a result more accurate perceptions of host societies are emerging through peers’ experiences. This study evaluates the specific role played by YouTube in the way Brazilians are creating their mental images of Portugal. A sample of 135 YouTube videos were analyzed, in which Brazilian emigrants share their testimonies of adaptation to the Portuguese reality. The conclusions point out to a mismatch between the low skills’ jobs, locally available in the Portuguese labor market, and the higher qualification profile of many Brazilian workers who moved to Portugal. If expectations must be reduced in terms of economic prosperity, there is a consensus regarding a higher quality of life, in a broader sense, experienced by Brazilian migrants after their decision to live and work in Portugal.

Based on the specific results of this study it possible to highlight some consensus among the testimonies analyzed which, for that reason, assume a non-negligible importance in the perceptions about Portugal that are being structured by potential Brazilian migrants, also due to the high number of views and shares these videos receive. These points of consensus deserve reflection by those who study migrations and define policy guidelines on migratory processes, especially in a country whose government has assumed the importance of immigration as a way to mitigate the effects of the alarming demographic ageing of the Portuguese society. Among these points of consensus are the warnings about the initial difficulties of integration into the labor market and the need to accept job offers that do not match the qualification profiles and professional skills developed in Brazil. There is also a warning about the need to reduce expectations regarding an eventual ambition of a substantial improvement of the financial conditions of these migrants. Although such difficulties do not condition an evident progress in terms of comfort and quality of life, which ends up providing a general satisfaction among Brazilians who decided to choose Portugal as their emigration destination.
Features of recreation land use and settlement of suburban areas of large cities
Authors: Oliinyk Valentyna
Published: December 2023

The article highlights theoretical and practical issues of agricultural land use in Ukraine and examines foreign experience. An in-depth scientific analysis of international and domestic literature has been carried out. On this basis the main patterns and trends of land use development, the main factors and consequences of suburbanization, the basics of developing the Concept of state regional policy, the world experience of land lease and the stages of land relations reform in Ukraine have been identified. The main factors influencing suburbanization and the use of suburban territories are considered. The necessity of delimiting suburban areas and developing a project of inter-farm land use, which should take into account the peculiarities of geographical location and socio-economic consequences, environmental factor, is noted.

The analysis of statistical data on the use of land areas of Ukraine is carried out. Tasks have been identified, the implementation of which will contribute to the development of socio-economic conditions of settlements in the suburban area. It is indicated the need to conduct land use taking into account environmental requirements, compliance with the rules of environmental protection, land resources. The use of land resources of different countries is investigated. The analysis of the efficiency of land use and methods of farming in developed countries is carried out. Aspects of agricultural production support are considered: The regulatory mechanism in different countries is characterized by a variety of financial and economic instruments that change in accordance with the political and economic situation. The state policy of Ukraine regarding land use and the main provisions of agribusiness support are investigated. The necessity of developing methodological provisions for the implementation of land ownership rights is noted. It is pointed out the importance of ensuring the equivalence of exchange at all stages of the movement of the created value from the field to the final consumer.
Mikhail Dragomanov on Consequences of Violating the Principle of Separation of Church and State
Authors: Bataeva Ekatetina
Published: December 2023

The article considers the problems of relations between the Church and the state in the classical sociological theory of M. Drahomanov and modern sociology. In the Western sociology of religion, considerable attention is paid to distinguishing the contexts of state and Сhurch practices, which can be compatible or incompatible with democracy. Compatible with democracy is a form of interaction between Church and state that ensures the protection of religious freedom and religious self-expression of all religious organizations and excludes discrimination based on religion. The negative consequences of the violation of the «principle of separation of Church from the State» described in the works of M. Drahomanov are analyzed. The socio-cultural effects of state intervention in the affairs of the Church at the level of society are investigated: violation of the principle of freedom of conscience, religious repression, forced unification of religions, and migration of believers as a result of repression by the state. It is emphasized that the violation of the principle of freedom of conscience contributes to the formation of an imposed and inauthentic identity of the individual, the growth of religious conformity, and the strengthening of «categorical inequality» in society. The social consequences of religious discrimination are analyzed: the growth of mass tension and frustration in society, the conflict between different Church communities, and the weakening of the effect of cohesion. The negative consequences of the violation of the «principle of separation of Church from the state» for the state Church are demonstrated: weakening of influence in society, rejection of the intellectuals, and latent atheism of the population. It is emphasized that to neutralize these negative effects, it is necessary to observe the constitutional principle of separation of the Church from the state. It was concluded that the separation of Church from state should contribute to the establishment of interreligious tolerance and understanding in society.
Polyamory: definition, forms, motives for engaging
Authors: Zubariev Oleksandr
Published: December 2023

The article examines the issue of polyamory in sociological and psychological discourse. It is emphasized that the phenomenon of polyamory is one of the consequences of the transformation of marital and family relations in the 20th century. It is noted that the relevance of the article is related to the revitalization of the discussion of polyamory both at the level of everyday discourse and among foreign scientists; discussions around polyamory as an alternative to monogamy in translated publications on sexological education for teenagers. Polyamory is considered by the author as one of the forms of consensual non-monogamy, that is, such relationships and sexual practices when people have more than one sexual/romantic partner with the mutual informed consent of all participants. The differences of such forms of consensual non-monogamy as polyamory and open relationships, "swing", "relationship anarchy" are discussed. It is noted that, in addition to the informed consent of all participants, polyamory is characterized by a characteristic focus on building long-term romantic relationships. The author considers the forms of polyamory according to K. Labriola: the primary/secondary model and multiple primary partners model. The study of the motives for engaging in polyamory by Slovak authors Hnatkovičová D., Bianchi G. is analyzed in detail. Motives for engaging in polyamory are discussed, such as meeting needs that were not met in monogamous relationships, personal growth and maintaining autonomy, identity development, expression of political values, exploration of LGBTIQ+ identities, desire for sexual diversity, need to belong to a community, and psychodynamic reasons. A conclusion is made about the need for further research on this issue, taking into account the liberalization of sexual morality and the further probable spread of polyamory practices in Western Europe and the USA.
Literary activity of Hryhorii Kvitka and women’s education
Authors: Borzenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2023

The article uses and develops the ideas of the famous literary historian M. Zerov, which relate to Ukrainian sentimentalism. His experience in the scientific interpretation of G. Kvitka's work made it possible to determine ways of optimally engaging the possibilities of literary life to reveal the influence of such social factors as charity, women's education and upbringing, on the writer's creative practice. The relevance of the outlined approach is due to the need to overcome simplification in the understanding of our classical cultural heritage, the need to clarify knowledge about Ukrainian sentimentalism by expanding the scope of researched facts and their objective study. On the basis of the analysis of biographical and cultural-aesthetic material, the motives that guided the Ukrainian sentimentalist were identified and described, as well as his worldview and aesthetic priorities were clarified. Biographical facts were analyzed separately, testifying to G. Kvitka's special interest in the organization of the women's institute in Kharkiv and his awareness of the need for literary texts that would meet the aesthetic demands of the institute's female students. Some attention is paid to clarifying the dependence of the writer on the notions of sentimentalism concerning the criteria of "truthfulness" of an artistic work. It is pointed out the groundlessness of involving Kvitka's prose in realism, as some Soviet researchers and their followers once tried to do. The hypothesis is proposed, according to which H. Kvitka's sentimental prose appeared precisely as an organic continuation and development of his charitable and educational work, the kinship of these types of activities is separately substantiated, and their common ideological basis is emphasized. The role of H. Kvitka in the formation of the Ukrainian female readership was noted, features of his works that contributed to this are highlighted. As a perspective for further studies, it is proposed to find out exactly how the literary and spiritual heritage of sentimentalism is presented in the modern cultural life of Ukrainians.
Semantics and functions of the symbol in the prose of realism and modernism
Authors: Gazheva Inna
Published: December 2023

The article attempts to combine the structural and comparative historical methods of symbol research. This is its scientific novelty, since modern symbolology is dominated by studies of a structural and semiotic nature and there is a clear lack of works that address the issue of the symbol's dependence on specific cultural and historical epochs. The author clarifies the concepts of the denoting and denoted symbol in the context of the ideas of linguistic conceptology and narratology, and also explores the problem of the conditionality of the meaning of the symbol and the means of its embodiment in the text by the artistic method and the type of narrative corresponding to it. The article proves that in realist prose the symbolic image is multifunctional. Firstly, it appears as an element of a landscape or interior description. Secondly, it performs a conceptual function, correlating its deep meaning with the main idea of the work. Thirdly, it plays a role in the development of the plot, in particular, it anticipates a significant and often unexpected turn within it. Fourthly, if it functions in the character's speech, it becomes one of the means of characterization, since the ability to perceive, comprehend and experience the symbolic meaning of an image is always evidence of the beginning of the character's spiritual insight. As for the symbolist, in particular ornamental, prose with its characteristic weakening of the plot, the symbol here has a completely different meaning.

Firstly, it performs the function of a leitmotif - a figurative characteristic of the character, which is constantly repeated, because it expresses their essence. At the formal level, the function of symbols-leitmotifs is to organize the coherence and integrity of a literary text, which in realistic prose is ensured by the cause-and-effect relationships between the events that organize the plot. The author emphasises that these differences are due to the peculiarities of the worldview on which the respective artistic methods are based.
Serhii Pylypenko is a "student of the revolution". The Ukrainian writer's years of study at St. Volodymyr University
Authors: Bilas Yulia
Published: December 2023

Purpose: based on sources of personal origin, archival documents and historiographical achievements, to investigate the student years of study at the University of St. Volodymyr of the Ukrainian writer and public figure Serhii Volodymyrovych Pylypenko.

The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematicity, which made it possible to consider the processes of development of Ukrainian higher education at the beginning of the 20th century. Relying on the deductive method and establishing cause-and-effect relationships, it was possible to analyze the impact of the scientific and educational process on the development of the personality of Serhiy Pylypenko as a representative of the Ukrainian national elite in the 1920s –1930s.

Scientific novelty. For the first time in historiography. comprehensively analyzed the student years of one of the key figures of the Ukrainian cultural life of the first third of the 20th century. – Serhiy Pylypenko, as a stage in the formation of his personality and creative genius. The influence of higher education in the revolutionary years on the formation of the constellation of the Ukrainian national elite was traced through a specific anthropometric measurement.

The relevance stems from the task of comprehensively defining the role and place of the representatives of the "Shooted Revival" in the development of Ukrainian cultural life in the first third of the last century during complex revolutionary and state-building processes. The formation and development of the personal and creative potential of the Ukrainian national elite dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. and requires a careful study of the synthesis of educational influence and revolutionary events on the construction of the creative layer, which later became the driving force of the Ukrainian National Renaissance.

Conclusions. Sources of personal origin, "Personal file of a student of the University of St. Volodymyr Serhiy Pylypenko" and other documents covered in as much detail as possible the peculiarities of student life and the educational process in one of the most powerful educational institutions of the Kyiv region at the beginning of the 20th century. The analysis made it possible to single out both the general features of the years of "revolutionary studentship" in the 1910s, which played their role in the formation of the Ukrainian national elite as a whole, and to determine their influence on the formation of the personality of the "ploughman" of Ukrainian literature Serhiy Pylypenko.
Demokrasi Dan Otonomi Desa Dalam Proses Pemilihan Kepala Desa Pasca Reformasi
Authors: Ummah Siti Muslikhatul , Setiyawan Wahyu Beny Mukti , Suparwi Suparwi , Fatimah Siti
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of democracy and village autonomy in the process of village head elections. The election of a village head is one form of genuine and pure village autonomy and democracy. However, with the emergence of modern states, the independence and ability of rural communities to manage their affairs have diminished. This is closely related to the decentralization that occurs in unitary states such as Indonesia. In a unitary state, one of the central matters is legal affairs. Legal matters include regulating the election of village heads, as stipulated in Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 112 of 2014 concerning the Election of Village Heads. This research uses a normative juridical method. The research results explain that village head elections, based on rules from the central government cascaded down to the village level, become procedural in the implementation of village head elections. In fact, these rules lead to the phenomenon of husband and wife pairs running as village head candidates in the same village to avoid having a single candidate, thereby enabling the village head election to take place. Furthermore, violations of rules regarding village head elections are common, such as instances of money politics and the lack of neutrality among village officials, but there is no legal follow-up related to these violations.

 

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan demokrasi dan otonomi desa dalam proses pemilihan kepala desa. Pemilihan kepala desa merupakan salah satu bentuk dari otonomi dan demokrasi desa yang asli dan murni. Namun dengan munculnya negara modern, kemandirian dan kemampuan masyarakat desa untuk mengatur urusan desanya mulai berkurang. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dengan adanya desentralisasi yang terjadi di negara kesatuan seperti Indonesia. Dalam negara kesatuan salah satu urusan yang menjadi urusan pusat adalah soal hukum. Urusan hukum tersebut tidak lepas dari urusan untuk mengatur pemilihan kepala desa sebagaimana terdapat pada Permendagri No 112 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemilihan Kepala Desa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pemilihan kepala desa yang berdasarkan aturan-aturan dari pemerintah pusat yang diturunkan hingga tingkat desa menjadi prosedural dalam pelaksaan pemilihan kepala desa. Bahkan aturan tersebut menimbulkan adanya fenomena pasangan suami istri yang maju sebagai calon kepala desa di desa yang sama untuk menghindari calon tunggal sehingga pemilihan kepala desa dapat dilaksanakan. Selain itu ternyata aturan mengenai pemilihan kepala desa juga banyak terjadi pelanggaran namun tidak ada tindak lanjut hukum terkait pelanggaran tersebut. Pelanggaran tersebut antara lain adalah adanya money politics dan ketidaknetralan perangkat desa.  

 

 

 

 
Legal Consequences of Making a Deed of Marriage Agreement by a Notary Who Has Not Been Registered
Authors: Manullang Lasmaria , Sudiro Amad
Published: December 2023

This research aims to discover the legal consequences of making a marriage agreement deed by a notary who has yet to be registered at the Office of Religious Affairs. This research method is normative legal research examining the legal consequences of making a marriage agreement deed by a notary who has yet registered at the Office of Religious Affairs. The research method used includes research on legal principles, systematic law analysis, and legal synchronization study. This research is focused on case studies of the East Jakarta Religious Court Decision Number 4855/Pdt.G/2019/Pa. It is related to doing a marriage agreement deed by a notary without registration at the Office of Religious Affairs. The results of this study analyze the legal implications of non-recording, both from the perspective of the validity of the marriage agreement certificate and its legal impact on the parties concerned. The novelty of this research is that administrative inaccuracies in making a marriage agreement can affect its legal validity and related rights. This research also seeks to provide recommendations for increasing awareness and compliance with applicable legal procedures to avoid potential conflicts and disputes in the future related to the marriage agreement deed. 
Analisis Regulasi Pada Tanaman Transgenik dalam Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman Bagi Pemulia Tanaman
Authors: Batrisyia Briana , Haryanto Imam
Published: December 2023

This research aims to study how transgenic plant protection has developed for plant breeders in Indonesia. Then, it is hoped that this research can be used as a reference to find out the development of transgenic plant protection for plant breeders in Indonesia in response to the development of existing transgenic plants and to come up with solutions to similar problems. Transgenic plants are products that are formed from intelligent human thinking and require a lot of time and money in the research process. There is a need for protection for initial breeders whose seeds are taken by inventors to be used as material for their inventions. This research uses normative research methods with a comparative approach. The results of this research lead to the conclusion that considering current developments, there needs to be modification and improvement in the effective protection of innovation in the field of transgenic plants, especially for plant breeders in Indonesia. This protection should be balanced between the rights of plant breeders and the interests of the wider community, including food availability, genetic diversity, and the environment.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari bagaimana perlindungan tanaman transgenik telah berkembang untuk pemulia tanaman di Indonesia. Kemudian penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan acuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan perlindungan tanaman transgenik bagi pemulia tanaman di Indonesia dalam menyikapi perkembangan tanaman transgenik yang ada dan memunculkan solusi-solusi untuk dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan yang serupa.Tanaman transgenik adalah produk yang terbentuk dari pemikiran cerdas manusia dan membutuhkan banyak waktu dan uang dalam proses penelitiannya dan perlu adanya perlindungan bagi pemulia awal yang benihnya diambil oleh inventor untuk digunakan sebagai bahan invensinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach). Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa melihat perkembangan zaman yang ada, perlu adanya modifikasi dan peningkatan dalam perlindungan yang efektif terhadap inovasi dalam bidang tanaman transgenik khususnya bagi pemulia tanaman di Indonesia yang seimbang antara hak-hak bagi pemulia tanaman dan kepentingan masyarakat luas, termasuk diantaranya ketersediaan pangan, keanekaragaman genetik, dan lingkungan.                                    

 
 
Penyelesaian Kerugian Investor Dari Praktik Insider Trading di Pasar Modal di Indonesia
Authors: Rivelino Reyhan , Abubakar Lastuti , Sudaryat Sudaryat
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine trading crimes insider are crimes that occur a lot in the Capital Market and are very difficult to prove in the process of handling and solving them so that in this case investors always get the biggest loss point. Law Number 8 of 1995 concerning Capital Markets as amended by Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Strengthening and Development of the Financial Sector explains the limitations and legal protection of investors related to Insider Trading practices, but this is considered insufficient to be able to protect investors optimally. This research is written using qualitative juridical writing techniques, namely describing data with theories to answer questions accompanied by legal interpretations so that conclusions can be drawn. The purpose of this study is to discuss how OJK as a supervisory institution in the capital market to handle and resolve Insider Trading practices and how repressive steps are taken after Insider Trading crimes occur so that the protection that investors should get will be realized.

 

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kejahatan perdagangan orang dalam (insider trading) merupakan kejahatan yang banyak terjadi di Pasar Modal dan sangat sulit dibuktikan dalam proses penanganannya dan penyelesaiannya sehingga dalam hal ini investor lah yang selalu mendapatkan titik kerugian terbesar. UU Nomor 8 Tahun 1995 tentang Pasar Modal sebagaimana diubah dengan UU Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Penguatan dan Pengembangan Sektor Keuangan menjelaskan terkait batasan-batasan dan perlindungan hukum investor terkait praktik insider trading, namun hal ini dirasa belum cukup untuk dapat melindungi investor secara optimal. Penelitian ini ditulis dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis kualitatif yaitu mendeskripsikan data dengan teori-teori untuk menjawab pertanyaan disertai dengan penafsiran hukum sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian terhadap penyelesaian dan tindakan yang dilakukan OJK dalam insider trading merupakan hal yang penting untuk dilakukan OJK dan terkait dengan tindakannya dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pemeriksaan penyidikan pembuktian hingga penjatuhan sanksi, terkait dengan bentuk perlindungannya bisa dilakukan dengan langkah represif berupa penjatuhan sanksi setelah terjadinya suatu kejahatan dan pelanggaran di pasar modal.

 

 

 

 

 
Sexual health preparedness among medical students
Authors: Merhavy Z.I. , Varkey T.C. , Kotyk T. , Zeitler C.
Published: December 2023

It has been found that many medical students and early career physicians express feelings of being unprepared and undereducated on topics relating to patient sexual health. Based on previous reports on the topic, the quality and quantity of sexual health education in medical school has been minimally improved over the last several years. Aim of the work is to identify possible deficiencies in sexual health preparation within current medical education curriculum among United States allopathic, osteopathic, and Caribbean medical programs. Medical students (n=100) from three different medical program types, including United States allopathic (n=31), United States osteopathic (n=23), and Caribbean allopathic program (n=46), and years of study (1-4), were recruited informally and participated in a 15-question survey regarding their perceptions and experience of sexual health education, training, and preparation at their respective medical school. After obtaining informed consent, students completed this survey through a private form and the data was compared to students of different years, different programs, and different intended specialties. With a sample size of 100 students from three different medical school programs, it was clear that most schools provide some level of sexual health education to students, however, in most cases, the education received was overall perceived as less than adequate by the students. Additionally, it was seen that almost every student indicated a need for their respective institution to provide additional training in both basic sciences as well as in their clinical education to feel more confident in their ability to discuss sexual health priorities with their patients. Current practices in medical education continue to fail to meet student expectations. To create more competent and confident physicians to adequately assist patients in their sexual health needs, more positive curriculum changes need to be made in order to establish a new, higher standard for quality of sexual health care. Small changes at the pre-clinical and clinical level can improve overall student preparedness and confidence when discussing sexual health with patients.
Використання афінних перетворень для корекції зображень з подальшим використанням у системах розпізнавання
Authors: Марчук Дмитро Костянтинович
Published: December 2023

Нині нейронні мережі набувають все більшої популярності і все частіше використовуються в різних галузях життя. Їх застосовують для аналізу даних, кластеризації, класифікації, виявлення об’єктів або схованих закономірностей. Все частіше зустрічаються варіанти застосування нейронних мереж у завданнях бізнес-прогнозування. Системи комп’ютерного зору не є винятком. Важливою складовою цих процесів є попередня обробка зображень. Відомо, що зображення, отримані з відеокамер, можуть виявляти перспективні спотворення, що походять від неідеальних кутів розташування камери. Зазвичай техніка афінного перетворення використовується для корекції геометричних спотворень або деформацій, таких як масштабування, переміщення, зсув, обертання. В роботі були проведені дослідження особливостей афінних перетворень і їх застосування з нейронними мережами. Розглянуто методи розпізнавання геометричних параметрів під час трансформації та переміщення зображень. Увагу приділено елементарним перетворенням, які враховують перенесення, масштабування, зсув, обертання. Розроблено математичну модель перетворення зображень для систем комп’ютерного зору. На базі запропонованого методу побудовано алгоритм перспективних перетворень зображень, отриманих з відеокамер, які знаходяться на автостоянках або парковках міста, що значно полегшує в подальшому виявлення, сегментацію і класифікацію об’єктів. Для покращення роботи класичної Mask R-CNN було проведено дослідження, в якому було додано блок з афінними перетвореннями до згорткової нейронної мережі. Афінні трансформації застосовано для корекції перспективного сходження ліній у кадрі, паралельних у реальності.
Аналітичний огляд програмно-алгоритмічних методів обробки вимірювальної інформації про геометричні параметри об’єктів на зображеннях
Authors: Подчашинський Юрій Олександрович , Чепюк Ларіна Олексіївна , Чепюк Віталій Володимирович , Єфремов Юрій Миколайович , Лугових Оксана Олександрівна
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто програмно-алгоритмічні методи та обчислювальні аспекти виконання операцій перетворення координат точок на площині. Зокрема це процедури: знаходження нових прямокутних координат вектора при повороті його (або системи координат) на деякий кут у площині зображення; перетворення координат вектора з прямокутної системи координат у полярну та навпаки. При цьому координати вектора відповідають координатам деякої точки об’єкта на зображенні. Ця точка може бути елементом контуру об’єкта або його центром мас. Перетворення координат цих точок дозволяють описати поступальний рух центра мас та обертальний рух об’єкта навколо центра мас. Відповідно розглянуті перетворення координат використовуються під час визначення геометричних параметрів цих об’єктів, аналітичного опису параметрів руху об’єктів на основі афінних перетворень, розробки нових методів перетворення, кодування та стиснення зображень на основі інтелектуальних технологій (фрактали, штучні нейронні мережі). Виконання операцій перетворення координат вимагає багатократного виконання операцій множення та обчислення значень трансцендентних функцій (прямі та обернені тригонометричні функції, квадратні корені). Розглянуто та проаналізовано методи обчислення цих функцій: табличні методи; апроксимаційні методи; таблично-алгоритмічні методи; ітераційні методи. Основну увагу приділено таблично-алгоритмічним методам обчислення полярних координат, визначення відстані та лінійних розмірів об’єктів, їх кутового положення на основі функцій квадратного кореня та арктангенса. Також розглянуто ітераційний метод «цифра за цифрою» (метод Cordic) для обчислення афінних перетворень та переходу між прямокутною та полярною системами координат.
Експериментальне дослідження точності безпошукових методів спектрального кореляційно-інтерферометричного радіопеленгування
Authors: Ципоренко Віталій Валентинович , Ципоренко Валентин Григорович , Чухов Владислав Вікторович
Published: December 2023

Виконано експериментальну оцінку похибки пеленгування для безпошукових методів спектрального кореляційно-інтерферометричного радіопеленгування. Результати експериментальних досліджень на лабораторному макеті узгоджуються з результатами теоретичних досліджень і підтверджують працездатність та ефективність розроблених методів радіопеленгування. Експериментальна похибка оцінки пеленгу лежить у межах (0,25–0,8) градусів для двоелементної антенної решітки і становить 0,1 градуса для методу пеленгування з 16-елементною антенною решіткою. Вона дещо більша за методичні похибки оцінки пеленга, що з урахуванням похибки аналого-цифрового перетворювача (АЦП) узгоджується з теорією. В цілому точність досліджених методів практично однакова порівняно з класичними за значно більшої швидкодії розроблених безпошукових методів кореляційно-інтерферометричного пеленгування. Точність визначення затримки і відповідно радіопеленгування визначається відношенням сигнал / шум, враховуючи завади в лініях зв’язку, шуми аналого-цифрового перетворення, та дискретністю визначення затримки. Враховуючи невелику розрядність лабораторного АЦП, що дорівнює 8 біт, а також цифрового пристрою спектрального аналізу і оброблення спектрів, що дорівнює 32 біти, здебільшого на загальний рівень шумів макету впливають завади в лініях зв’язку та шуми квантування АЦП. Швидкодія радіопеленгування визначається необхідною кількістю циклів вимірювання часу затримки сигналу. При цьому досліджені безпошукові методи кореляційно-інтерферометричного радіопеленгування мають один цикл визначення взаємної кореляційної функції, а відомі компенсаційні методи кореляційно-інтерферометричного пеленгування – тисячі циклів такої оцінки, що в цілому зумовлює виграш за швидкодією досліджених методів більше ніж на порядок.
Оцінка пластичності пористого матеріалу при прямому осесиметричному видавлюванні циліндричної заготовки
Authors: Сивак Роман Іванович , Шелудченко Богдан Анатолійович , Плужніков Олег Борисович , Яновський Валерій Анатолійович
Published: December 2023

У статті зазначено результати досліджень пластичності спеченого пористого матеріалу з мідного порошку ПМС-1 при прямому видавлюванні. При цьому для описання залежності пластичності від схеми напруженого стану використано поверхню граничних деформацій, яка описує залежність накопиченого до моменту руйнування ступеня деформації матеріалу основи від двох показників напруженого стану. В роботі отримана поверхня граничних деформацій для спеченого пористого матеріалу на основі мідного порошку ПМС-1. Запропоновано критерій оцінки ймовірності руйнування пористих тіл при великих пластичних деформаціях, в якому історія навантаження задається просторовими траєкторіями в координатах: накопичена деформація матеріалу основи, показник жорсткості напруженого стану матеріалу основи, параметр Надаі – Лоде, а залежність пластичності від схеми напруженого стану описується поверхнею граничних деформацій. Для визначення траєкторій навантаження довільних точок пластичної області в вибраному просторі показників напруженого стану необхідно мати інформацію про напружений стан та закон його зміни в будь-якій точці заготовки, що деформується. Для визначення поля напружень використано експериментально-розрахунковий метод, в якому компоненти тензора швидкостей деформацій визначали методом візіопластичності. Запропонований у цій роботі метод оцінки пластичності пористих тіл дозволив значно підвищити точність розрахунків значень використаного ресурсу пластичності та встановити вплив основних параметрів процесу прямого видавлювання на закономірності накопичення пошкоджень та ефективність ущільнення пористого матеріалу.
Визначення впливу поздовжнього порізу на напружений стан гумотросової стрічки
Authors: Бельмас І.В. , Білоус О.І. , Танцура Г.І. , Чернишов О.В. , Яновський В.А.
Published: December 2023

Потужні конвеєри обладнані гумотросовими стрічками. Вони використовуються в різних виробництвах. Стрічки в процесі експлуатації руйнуються. Однією з форм руйнування є поздовжній поріз стрічки. Мета статті полягає в побудові аналітичного алгоритму визначення та дослідження напружено-деформованого стану гумотросової стрічки з поздовжнім, обмеженої довжини порізом, з комплексним урахуванням конструкції стрічки, механічних властивостей її складових (тросів та гумових прошарків), довільного поздовжнього порушення її цілісності та довільного характеру взаємодії стрічки з барабаном. Алгоритм складено на основі формулювання та розв’язання моделі взаємодії тросів стрічки. Враховано довільним чином розташоване, довільної довжини часткове її поздовжнє розрізання. Враховано довільний характер взаємодії стрічки з барабаном конвеєра. Встановлено що поріз стрічки впливає на її напружено-деформований стан і на ділянці з ушкодженням і за її межами, зокрема, він зменшує зони локалізації збурень в смугах проти розміру зони збурення в стрічці. Більше зменшується зона збурення в смузі з меншою кількістю тросів. Сумарні навантаження тросів в смугах залишаються незмінними по їх довжині. Практична значущість розробленого алгоритму полягає в тому що використання визначених за його допомогою показників напружено-деформованого стану стрічки з відомим пошкодженням дозволяє приймати обґрунтовані технічні рішення стосовно умов безпечного, тимчасового використання конвеєра, включно з імпульсним завантаженням матеріалу, яке в подальшому доцільно дослідити.
Багатомірна шкала сприйняття соціальної підтримки: метод. посіб. (укр. версія)
Authors: Мельник Ю. Б. , Стаднік А. В.
Published: December 2023

Методичний посібник “Багатомірна шкала сприйняття соціальної підтримки” розкриває основні положення україномовної версії опитувальника. Наведено літературу з першоджерелами, зразками аналогічних досліджень та посилання на сайт з розробленими Google Forms. Посібник може використовуватись психологами та соціальними працівниками для вивчення психічного стану осіб.