bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coordinate Transformation between Global and Local Datums Based on Artificial Neural Network with K-Fold Cross-Validation: A Case Study, Ghana
Authors: Ziggah Yao Yevenyo , Youjian Hu , Tierra Alfonso Rodrigo , Laari Prosper Basommi
Published: April 2019

The popularity of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methodology has been growing in a wide variety of areas in geodesy and geospatial sciences. Its ability to perform coordinate transformation between different datums has been well documented in literature. In the application of the ANN methods for the coordinate transformation, only the train-test (hold-out cross-validation) approach has usually been used to evaluate their performance. Here, the data set is divided into two disjoint subsets thus, training (model building) and testing (model validation) respectively. However, one major drawback in the hold-out cross-validation procedure is inappropriate data partitioning. Improper split of the data could lead to a high variance and bias in the results generated. Besides, in a sparse dataset situation, the hold-out cross-validation is not suitable. For these reasons, the K-fold cross-validation approach has been recommended. Consequently, this study, for the first time, explored the potential of using K-fold cross-validation method in the performance assessment of radial basis function neural network and Bursa-Wolf model under data-insufficient situation in Ghana geodetic reference network. The statistical analysis of the results revealed that incorrect data partition could lead to a false reportage on the predictive performance of the transformation model. The findings revealed that the RBFNN and Bursa-Wolf model produced a transformation accuracy of 0.229 m and 0.469 m, respectively. It was also realised that a maximum horizontal error of 0.881 m and 2.131 m was given by the RBFNN and Bursa-Wolf. The obtained results per the cadastral surveying and plan production requirement set by the Ghana Survey and Mapping Division are applicable. This study will contribute to the usage of K-fold cross-validation approach in developing countries having the same sparse dataset situation like Ghana as well as in the geodetic sciences where ANN users seldom apply the statistical resampling technique.
Effects of granular shape on shear modulus and damping ratio of gravel
Authors: Cui Kai , Sheng Hang
Published: April 2019

The effects of the consolidation ratio, effective confining pressure, gravel content, and granule breakage on the shear modulus and damping ratio of gravel have been extensively researched in recent years. However, studies on the effect of the granular shape are rare. Thus, under different confining pressures, dynamic triaxial tests were performed on gravel specimens to investigate the effect of granular shape on the shear modulus and damping ratio of gravel specimens by using a multifunctional triaxial testing instrument. The samples consisted of two kinds of gravel with the same grain composition and relative density of 45%. The test results indicate that, when the confining pressure and shear strain amplitude exceed 300 kPa and 7×10-4, respectively, gravel with a round granular shape has a higher shear modulus compared to an angular shape. Conversely, when the shear strain amplitude exceeds 2×10-4, the damping ratio of angular gravel exceeds that of round granules.
Mito y realidad en la saga de videojuegos Assassin’s Creed
Authors: Cuartero Escobes Susana
Published: April 2019

A lo largo de estas páginas vamos a intentar explicar cómo y porqué aparece la iconografía masónica en la saga de videojuegos de Assassin’s Creed. La identificación de esa simbología con la Orden del Temple, a su vez, enfrentada con los Hashshasins, ha contribuido a alimentar el mito de la teoría de la conspiración internacional.
Masonería y sociedades secretas en México, coordinado por José Luis Soberanes Fernández y Carlos Francisco Martínez Moreno
Authors: Torres Alonso Eduardo
Published: April 2019

Masonería y sociedades secretas en México, coordinado por José Luis Soberanes Fernández y Carlos Francisco Martínez Moreno. Ciudad de México: Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2018. 400 páginas. ISBN: 978-607-30-0755-9.
Storia della massoneria in Italia. Dal 1717 al 2018. Tre secoli di un Ordine iniziatic de Aldo A. Mola
Authors: Combes André
Published: April 2019

Aldo A. Mola. Storia della massoneria in Italia. Dal 1717 al 2018. Tre secoli di un Ordine iniziatic. Milán: Ed. Giunti, 2018. 832 páginas. ISBN-10: 8845282465. ISBN-13: 978-8845282461.
Lower latency in LPWAN NETWORKS
Authors: Videnov Krum , Hristov Georgi
Published: April 2019

The report compares LPWAN (low-power, wide-area network) and MEC (Multi-access edge computing) topologies, examines opportunities to achieve lower latency in LPWAN networks by integrating their architecture with the MEC paradigm. LPWAN networks are highly suitable to be combined with a MEC architecture. The radio-access equipment place,e.g., base station, gateway, etc., is a main location to run delay-sensitive applications, processing/storage offloading tasks, or hosting those services that need in real-time information from the RAN (Radio Access Network). For that reason, this places in the network has been identified as ideal for installing the MEC equipment.The four-tier architecture of LPWAN and MEC are kept, so they perfectly match with each other.
SPECTRAL INDICES APPLICATION IN THE DETERMINATION OF CROSSBRED LAMBS SLAUGHTER INDICATORS
Authors: Zlatev Zlatin
Published: April 2019

The report describes the data used for slaughter indicators of crossbred lambs. A method is presented of converting color components to spectral characteristics and their second derivative. Methods of selection of informative wavelengths are used by ABC analysis, using an Euclidean distance between the values of reflection at these lengths. The method used for determining spectral indices is presented. The differences in the Euclidean distances between the spectral indexes have been found to show a regularity similar to that of the water absorption coefficient and the tenderness of meat. The proposed spectral indexes will be used in laboratory conditions for the determination of physico-chemical indicators of crossbreed lambs.
SELECTION INFORMATIVE GEOMETRIC FEATURES FOR SEPARATION OF EGGS IN CLASSES
Authors: Georgieva-Nikolova Mariya
Published: April 2019

The report presents results of selection of informative geometric features of eggs in order to sort them according to the requirements in the normative documents adopted in Bulgaria. The ABC Analysis and Correspondence Analysis methods were used. The results obtained show that for the sorting of eggs in qualitative groups, features based on perimeter, area, large axis, volume, obtained by egg models may be used. Selected informative features confirm and complement those in accessible literature.
Приставка КЪМ МУДЪЛ ЗА СЪЗДАВАНЕ НА НОВ ВИД ВЪПРОСИ
Authors: Пехливанова Таня , Кънчев Камен
Published: April 2019

This article presents a plugin for Moodle that allows the creation of new type of test questions. They are a variety of multiple-choice questions that allow entering the text of questions and answers with different formulations. Thus, with various combinations of the texts of questions and answers, we are allowed to generate a large number of variants of the same question that look like different questions. When a test attempt is started a random formulation of the question and each of its answers is generated. In this way we easily increase the total number of questions in the question bank. The bigger the question bank is, the harder it is for the students to memorize the correct answers. Also it makes much more difficult the usage of unallowed materials during the exam.
Development and Validation of Medical Students’ Professionalism Assessment Scale (MSPAS) In OSCE: Simulated Patients’ rating scale
Authors: Htay Mila Nu Nu , Shrivastava Saurabh , Sahoo Soumendra
Published: April 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. BackgroundTo provide the reliable and immediate feedback on the medical students' professionalism during the OSCE, we developed a modified Medical Students' professionalism assessment scale (MSPAS) which is relevant in the history taking and physical examination OSCE stations.MethodsWe developed two sets of questionnaires, Medical Students' Professionalism Assessment Scale- History taking (MSPAS-H) and Medical Students' Professionalism Assessment Scale- Physical Examination (MSPAS-PE).The Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the internal consistency and exploratory factor analysis was carried out.ResultsThe Content validity index was calculated by using the expert's rating on relevance and all the 12 items in the MSPAS had above 0.85 of CVI. Reverse scoring was required for item No 4 (MSPAS-H) and item No 5 (MSPAS-PE). The Cronbach's alpha was calculated for reliability and found to have 0.87 for MSPAS-H and 0.92 for MSPAS-PE.DiscussionAll the 6 items in the history taking and 6 items in the physical examination were loaded in each scale with the factor loading of 0.5 and above for all the items. This MSPAS is short and simple scale, it can be completed in a short time period if the simulated patients are provided the proper training on this assessment.
IMPLEMENTASI GAMIFICATION SEBAGAI MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MOTIVASI PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Sunarya Po Abas , Rahardja Untung , Aini Qurotul , Khoirunisa Alfiah
Published: April 2019

As we know now, Indonesia has begun to enter the era of revolution 4.0 which in that era had a lot of changes in all fields. Including in the field of education, the changes that occur in the world of education today are so significant with the abandonment of teaching methods that still use conventional methods. Track tasks with books, face-to-face communication, collect hard copy assignments, which of course will cause a lot of losses in a certain period of time, like many long-stored tasks that are hard to find when needed. Learning methods are considered a boring way, where students cannot explore learning searches for the number of files that have been collected. So from now on the application of learning methods is done with the concept of gamification. Gamification learning methods are made to follow the era when students prefer to play games rather than learning, therefore the gamification method can be applied to management of education at a higher level of education. It is hoped that this method can increase students' interest in learning so that it motivates to explore abilities in the learning process.Seperti yang kita ketahui sekarang, Indonesia sudah mulai memasuki era revolusi 4.0 yang di era itu banyak perubahan yang terjadi di semua bidang. Termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan, perubahan yang terjadi di dunia pendidikan saat ini begitu signifikan dengan mulai ditinggalkannya metode pengajaran yang masih menggunakan cara konvensional. Melacak tugas dengan buku, komunikasi tatap muka, mengumpulkan tugas dalam bentuk hardcopy, yang tentu saja akan menyebabkan banyak kerugian dalam jangka waktu tertentu, seperti banyak tugas yang lama tersimpan dan sulit ditemukan ketika dibutuhkan. Metode pembelajaran dianggap sebagai cara yang membosankan, dimana siswa tidak dapat mengeksplorasi dalam pencarian pembelajaran untuk jumlah file yang telah dikumpulkan. Jadi mulai sekarang penerapan metode pembelajaran dilakukan dengan konsep gamification. Metode pembelajaran gamification dibuat untuk mengikuti era ketika siswa lebih memilih untuk bermain game daripada belajar, oleh karena itu metode gamification dapat diterapkan untuk manajemen pendidikan pada tingkat pendidikan yang lebih tinggi. Diharapkan bahwa metode ini dapat meningkatkan minat siswa dalam belajar sehingga memotivasi untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan dalam proses pembelajaran.
PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI ALQURAN
Authors: Hidajah Rochmah
Published: April 2019

Memiliki perubahan sikap dan perilaku ke arah yang baik, bersikap kreatif, dan bertanggungjawab adalah tujuan pedidikan. Guru berperan untuk keberhasilan sebuah pendidikan. Al Qur`an sebagai  bagian dari materi Pendidikan Agama Islam, seharusnya siswa bersemangat dalam belajar, karena Al Qur`an sebagai pedoman hidup umat Islam. Tetapi melaui penelitian awal hasil yang di capai belum sesuai yang diharapkan. Siswa banyak diam, proses pembelajaran  masih di dominasi oleh guru, aktivitas berbicara kurang,  siswa tidak berani mengemukakan pendapat maupun bertanya. Guru yang profesional harus mampu mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Banyak model pembelajaran yang dapat dipilih untuk meningkatkan aktifitas, kreativitas maupun tanggungjawab siswa.  Alternatif metode pembelajaran yang membuat siswa aktif adalah pembelajaran kooperatif  Jigsaw. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat 44,4%. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan 32,5% pada siklus I menjadi 76,9% pada siklus II dan 90,5 % pada siklus III. Data hasil belajar aspek kognitif siswa juga menunjukkan hasil yang meningkat. Hasil ini didasarkan pada rata-rata nilai 78,2 pada siklus I menjadi 84,74 pada siklus II dan 86,25 pada siklus III. Aktivitas belajar siswa menjadi meningkat setelah adanya penerapan model pembelajaran Jigsaw. Hal ini terbukti dengan sebanyak 83,5% siswa yang menyatakan ya, 6,75 % siswa yang menyatakan tidak, 9,75% siswa menjawab ragu. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian adalah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif Jigsaw sangat efektif,  dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa pada  materi Al Qur`an.
The US policy toward the Islamic Republic of Iran during the Reagan administration
Authors: Pavlyuk Olesya
Published: April 2019

The foreign policy approaches and methods of establishing bilateral relations between Washington and Tehran and the actual implementation of the US “containment” policy towards Iran are analyzed in the article. The author argues that the Middle Eastern vector of US foreign policy was formed according to the three security challenges in the region and Iranian involvement in them: the Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988, the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 and the kidnapping of American hostages in Beirut 1982. Background and progress of Iran-Iraq war were the result of striking contradictions between regional and world leaders in the Middle East. In fact, since the early 1980s. this military confrontation substantially affect the US relationship with IRI. In this context, the key point was the blatant US support of the Iraq and its government. Reagan administration continued the foreign policy of J. Carter and considered the Soviet Union as the greatest threat to the Gulf region, including through military intervention in Afghanistan and its close ties with radical countries like Libya and Syria. In the Middle East, the White House has focused its efforts on negotiations on a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1978. Before the revolution in 1979, Iran was crucial to US interests in the Middle East. First, as a frontline state with an extended 2000-km border with the Soviet Union, as well as a springboard for American intelligence. In addition, Iran was one of the few Muslim countries to recognize Israel, and exported oil to it. However, the after the Islamic revolution, Iran became the periphery to US priorities in the region.
Reseña de libro: La conciencia mediática frente a la deshumanización
Authors: Arquero Isabel
Published: April 2019

Reseña de libro: La conciencia mediática frente a la deshumanización.  Juan Ignacio HERNÁIZ BLÁZQUEZ, La conciencia deshumanizada. Editorial Club Universitario, San Vicente (Alicante), 2011.
Patrón de actividad diaria y de temperaturas ambientales y microambientales en una población de la lagartija endémica colombiana Anolis huilae (Squamata, Dactyloidae)
Authors: Bejarano-Bonilla David Alfonso , Bernal-Bautista Manuel Hernando
Published: April 2019

La determinación del patrón de actividad de una especie, especialmente si es endémica o está amenazada, es valiosa para un programa de conservación efectivo. En este estudio se reporta el patrón de actividad diaria de una población de Anolis huilae y su relación con las temperaturas ambientales y microambientales. El trabajo se llevó a cabo con una población del municipio de Ibagué, Colombia, durante el 2017 y en su curso se registraron el número de animales activos cada hora desde las 6:00 hasta las 18:00 horas, así como las temperaturas ambientales y microambientales. Se encontró que la actividad de A. huilae era mayor en las horas del mediodía, entre las 12:00 y las 14:00 horas, cuando las temperaturas ambientales y microambientales son las más altas del día. Este resultado concuerda con el comportamiento de otras especies de Anolis, pero contradice otros estudios en lagartos en los cuales se reporta una menor actividad en las horas del mediodía. La diferencia entre los resultados mencionados podría atribuirse al hábitat de estas especies, ya que A. huilae vive principalmente en lugares boscosos protegidos de la radiación directa del sol, en tanto que las otras especies habitan principalmente áreas abiertas. Por lo tanto, es posible que la relación entre la cobertura del hábitat y la exposición a la radiación solar influya en el patrón de actividad diaria de los lagartos. © 2019. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
El Niño-Oscilación del Sur, fase Modoki, y sus efectos en la variabilidad espacio-temporal de la precipitación en Colombia
Authors: Navarro-Monterroza Estefanía , Arias Paola A. , Vieira Sara C.
Published: April 2019

Se analizó la posible influencia del fenómeno de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) en la variabilidad espaciotemporal de la precipitación en Colombia a partir de registros de estaciones in situ durante el período 1970-2015 y de datos provenientes de registros satelitales disponibles a partir de 1998. Mediante los índices de temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) asociados al fenómeno ENOS, se evaluaron las anomalías en la precipitación por trimestre para cada tipo de evento, así como las correlaciones mensuales simultáneas y rezagadas entre cada índice y las anomalías en la precipitación. Con base en la información satelital se concluyó que en gran parte del país hubo una mayor precipitación durante los eventos de La Niña Modoki que durante La Niña Canónica en el trimestre de diciembre, enero y febrero, en tanto que la precipitación disminuyó más en la fase canónica de El Niño que en la fase Modoki. La significación estadística de las correlaciones rezagadas evidenció la influencia de la TSM del Pacífico este en las  anomalías en la precipitación en Colombia con un rezago de 0 hasta 6 meses. Los resultados de este trabajo aportaron una mayor claridad sobre las variaciones de la distribución de la precipitación y la disponibilidad de agua en Colombia durante las diversas fases del fenómeno de ENOS, lo cual contribuye a la búsqueda de un manejo más eficiente del recurso hídrico. © 2019. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Aspectos ecológicos de la comunidad fitoperifítica en el río Anchique, cuenca andina colombiana
Authors: Huertas-Farías Kelly , Tatiana-Parra Yessica , Reinoso Gladys
Published: April 2019

El fitoperifiton contribuye significativamente a la dinámica de los ecosistemas, ya que oxigena el agua, aporta materia orgánica y proporciona abrigo y alimento a los organismos acuáticos. En ese contexto, el presente estudio se orientó a determinar su dinámica en el río Anchique, cuenca andina colombiana de gran relevancia. Los muestreos se hicieron en cuatro puntos localizados a lo largo del río en temporadas meteorológicas contrastantes mediante la metodología de raspados de superficie en dos sustratos naturales (roca y tronco). Se registró una densidad relativa de 5.070 organismos/cm2 distribuidos en cinco divisiones, nueve clases y 59 géneros, siendo la división Bacillariophyta la más abundante. La estación E1 presentó los valores más altos de diversidad efectiva (q:0, q:1 y q:2), mientras que la E4 registró los valores más bajos. El sustrato de roca presentó las mayores densidades relativas. Se encontró una relación inversa entre el caudal y la densidad relativa de los organismos, con altas densidades relativas en los meses de pocas precipitaciones y menores en los meses de intensas precipitaciones. Se concluyó que las temporadas meteorológicas y el grado de intervención antrópica son algunos de los factores relevantes en la composición y estructura de la comunidad fitoperifítica en la cuenca del río Anchique. © 2019. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Orbital dynamics in realistic galaxy models: NGC 3726, NGC 3877 and NGC 4010
Authors: Dubeibe Fredy L. , Martínez-Sicachá Sandra M. , González Guillermo A.
Published: April 2019

En el presente trabajo, utilizando una generalización del potencial de Miyamoto-Nagai, se ajustan las curvas de rotación observadas de tres galaxias espirales a las velocidades circulares analiticas. Los datos observacionales se tomaron de un conjunto de imágenes de línea de 21 centímetros (o línea HI) obtenidos con el Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT), para tres galaxias particulares en el grupo de la Ursa Major: NGC 3726, NGC 3877 y NGC 4010. Seguidamente, se analiza la dinámica del sistema en términos del método de secciones de Poincaré, encontrando que para valores grandes del momento angular de la partícula de prueba o valores bajos su energía total, la din´amica es principalmente regular, mientras que en los casos opuestos, la dinámica es principalmente ca´otica. Nuestro modelo abre la posibilidad de encontrar órbitas caóticas acotadas para estrellas presentes en esas galaxias partículares. © 2019. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Fis. Nat.
Aislamientos endofíticos de Colletotrichum spp. a partir de hojas y ramas de mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivar Azúcar en el municipio de Ciénaga, Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Quintero Mercado Andrés , Dangon-Bernier Fabio , Páez-Redondo Alberto
Published: April 2019

La antracnosis es la enfermedad más limitante en cultivos de mango en el departamento del Magdalena, Colombia, pues causa pérdidas de 40 a 50 % de la cosecha. A nivel mundial, se registran pérdidas en campo hasta de 51 % y en poscosecha, de 20 a 30 %. El agente causal, Colletotrichum spp., es un hemibiótrofo que inicialmente no produce síntomas en su hospedante, pero después se torna necrotrófico. El endofitismo es un estilo de vida del hongo cuyo papel en la patogenia es aún incierto. En este contexto, se propuso la caracterización de aislamientos endofíticos de Colletotrichum spp. a partir de hojas y ramas de mango cultivar Azúcar de un cultivo ubicado en Ciénaga. Se determinó la prevalencia de los aislamientos en hojas y ramas de tres estratos del árbol mediante tres protocolos de extracción: 1) en cámara de cloro, 2) con hipoclorito de sodio al 4 %, y 3) con hipoclorito de sodio al 2 %. Se describió la morfometría (colonia, conidios y apresorios), se hizo la prueba de patogenia en los frutos y la identificación molecular del aislamiento más virulento. Se obtuvieron nueve cepas endofíticas, ocho de hojas y una de ramas. La mejor extracción (18,2 %) se logró con el hipoclorito de sodio al 2 %; la prevalencia fue mayor en el estrato superior (10 % de las muestras) y en las hojas (8,9 % de las muestras). Las cepas endofíticas indujeron lesiones de 0,65 a 19,7 mm de diámetro y la más virulenta (HP3A-4) se identificó molecularmente como C. tropicale, siendo este el primer registro en Colombia del hongo como endófito patogénico en el mango. Se concluyó que es posible encontrar Colletotrichum como endófito en hojas y ramas de mango y que puede causar infección al inocularse en los frutos, evidenciando así una gran probabilidad de que actúe como un inóculo oculto para el desarrollo de la antracnosis en el mango. © 2019. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
The Role of Safety Climate on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Productivity
Authors: Asivandzadeh Ehsan , Ghahremani Farrokh , Alizadeh Esmail , Abdolalipour Amin
Published: April 2019

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are among the most common occupational disorders in many jobs. WMSDs are known as an influential factor in work productivity. Also, an important factor that may influence the occupational health of individuals is the safety climate. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between WMSDs, work productivity and safety climate. Methods: This quantitative, theoretical and descriptive study was performed on 344 employees. The samples were randomly selected. Data were gathered by means of the Body Map, Safety Climate, and Work Productivity questionnaires. This study was conducted on different types of jobs from three types of industries. STATISTICA software was used for all data analyses (SPSS Version 23) with a significant level of P <0.01. Results: One-way analysis of variance was used to examine the significant differences between industries and jobs, which indicated that there is a statistically significant difference. Correlations between the WMSDs, work productivity, and safety climate was tested using the parametric Pearson correlation coefficient that showed a significant negative correlation between WMSDs with work productivity and safety climate. Positive correlations were found between safety climate and work productivity. Conclusion: In general, safety climate and work productivity are important for the health and safety of employees, and this study showed that it might be also important for employees in construction industries.
Occupational Exposure to Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiation in Welders
Authors: Hokmabadi Rajabali , Taeebi Hasan , Fallah Hossein
Published: April 2019

Background: Human beings are always exposed to natural and artificial sources of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Welding is one of the jobs whose professionals may expose ultraviolet and infrared radiation and suffer from the resulting complications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation in welders. Methods: This study was conducted on 70 welders in Bojnord city. The UV meter and the IR meter (Hanger) were used to conduct measurements. The measurements were conducted at 10, 50 and 100-cm distances from the welding site, and at two heights, the wrists and eyes. Eye symptoms caused by radiation were collected and recorded by checklist and observation. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. Results: The average age of the workers was 37(10) years, the average work experience was 18(11) years, and the average radiation exposure duration was 3.5(2) hours. The average ultraviolet radiation measured was 4.13(4.88) W/m2 and the average infrared radiation was 17.13(12.54) W/m2 at the welding stations. In 84% ​​of the stations, the measured ultraviolet radiation and in 100% of them, the measured infrared radiation was standard. There were 58 (83%) welders with at least one eye problem. There was a significant relationship between the amount of radiation, and the type of welding, exposure duration, and work history, but no significant relationship between the amount of radiation and height and distance of measurement. Conclusion: In order to prevent eye symptoms in welders, it is recommended to reduce the duration of exposure of the welders or welders should do welding during the day intermittently and use suitable personal protective equipment, especially a suitable welding mask, during welding.
CYBERBULLYING, HAPPINESS, AND STYLE OF HUMOR AMONG PERPETRATORS: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP?
Authors: Qodir Abdul , Diponegoro Ahmad Muhammad , Safaria Triantoro
Published: April 2019

Purpose: Cyberbullying is becoming a universal concern among parent, teacher, and school. Undesirable consequences have impacted for many teenagers in the world. The current study explores the cyberbullying phenomenon among Indonesian teenagers especially to examine the style of humor and happiness as predictors of cyberbullying perpetrators.

Methodology: 156 respondents from a private senior high school at Palangka Raya city was involved in this study. Regression analysis was utilized to test the hypotheses.

Results: The result showed that only happiness, self-defeating humor, and aggressive humor were related positively to the reports of cyberbullying conduct.

Implications: To lower cyberbullying among adolescents, both the family and the school must collaborate synergistically. Recommendations of the study are explained further in the article.
PROPHETIC FORENSIC INTERVIEW: CRITICAL HERMENEUTICAL STUDY ON THE MOTIVES OF PERPETRATORS OF TERRORISM
Authors: Waljinah Sri
Published: April 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to reveal the motives of the perpetrators based on critical hermeneutics. In Indonesia, the perpetrators of terrorism perceived that their acts as a form of jihad to fight the non-believers. Jihad as the legitimacy of religion becomes a means to pursue the blessings of Allah (swt) in the world and the hereafter.

Methodology: Prophetic paradigm is generally used in accordance to the reality of religious beliefs based on the ontology of realism that life goes according to the laws of nature and the will of God. Furthermore, non-doctrinal sociological juridical approach was employed with qualitative method. Secondary data was obtained from the study of documents and books, scientific journals and internet related to terrorism. A prophetic forensic interview was used as the tool to analyze the data with interpretative phenomenology and interpretative understanding methods.

Results: The results of the ontological study uncovered the phenomenon of religious values (jihad) that is expressed not from religion as its entity, but rather from the actions of the believers (terrorism).

Implications: Thus, based on the epistemological realm, religious legitimacy was found out as the motive of terrorism as a justification of the act against the law. Based on the axiological realm, the prophetic law was violated, since the religious teachings become the legitimacy of violence, manifested in the acts of terrorism.
PENYELENGGARAN RUMAH SAKIT BERDASARKAN PRINSIP SYARIAH: STUDI PADA RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM BANJARMASIN
Authors: Yusuf Mahmud
Published: April 2019

Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia mengeluarkan fatwa No:107/DSN-MUI/X/2016 tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Rumah Sakit Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah sebagai acuan untuk Rumah Sakit syariah. Sebelum dikeluarkanya fatwa tersebut, sudah banyak Rumah Sakit yang menerapkan nilai-nilai syariah, utamanya dalam aspek pelayanan, salah satunya adalah Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarmasin. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui sejauh manakah penyelenggaraan pelayanan islami pada Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarmasin dan apakah aspek pelayanan tersebut sudah sesuai dengan fatwa DSN-MUI tersebut.
DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTS OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PLANTING MATERIAL OF LETTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA L.) ON VIRUS-FREE BASIS USING METHODS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Romanova O. B. , Soldatenko A. V. , Chichvarina O. A. , Akhramenko V. A. , Pavlova O. V. , Romanov V. S.
Published: April 2019

The article presents the results of research on the production in vitro of regenerated plants from the seeds of cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Emerald, Bouquet, Chameleon (FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center), susceptible of aspermia tomato (Tomato aspermy cucumovirus) – AsTV. Seeds of strongly susceptible to AsTV varieties of salad Chameleon and Bouquet were subjected to thermotherapy at different temperatures (37°C, 38°C, 40°C) for a different time interval (1, 3, 5, 7, 10 days) in dry form and when moistened. Marked varietal specificity during germination of seeds after thermotherapy. Thus, the greatest number of seedlings in the emerald variety was obtained after 5 days of thermotherapy (10.0±0), while the Bouquet variety had the best results after 3 days of thermotherapy (9.3±1.2) with moisture. After thermotherapy of dry seeds by 40°C plant material of cultivar Emerald was planted on solid and liquid culture media. The conditions of step sterilization of lettuce seeds for introduction into the culture in vitro were chosen: washing in 96% ethanol, then in 50% aqueous solution of "Whiteness" with the addition of Twin-20, after in sterile distilled water. The nutrient medium for germination of lettuce seeds was used: Gamborg B5 (2% sucrose, 7.0 g/l agar), and the liquid nutrient medium was of that composition. The obtained seedlings were cutted and transferred to medium MS (2% sucrose, 0.1 mg/l ha and 1 mg/l BAP, 3.0 g/l phytogel). The formed shoots for rooting were transferred to the MS medium (2% sucrose, 3.0 g/l phytogel). In the future, lettuce plants will be adapted in vivo and tested for the presence of tomato aspermia virus in the planting material.
METHODS OF DAIKON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION IN THE CRIMEA
Authors: Nemtinov V. I.
Published: April 2019

At the first stage of breeding, the new source material was created to obtain a variety of daikon resistant to abiotic factors with high productivity and commercial qualities, better taste, and biochemical properties. Eighteen samples from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, China, Korea, and Japan were in the nursery of the original forms. The following breeding types were used in the hybrid nursery: 1) crossing of several morphologically close samples originating from geographically remote areas; 2) paired crosses of morphologically and biologically different samples. Breeding was carried out on an accelerated scheme: before harvesting, samples were evaluated for resistance to bolting, shape and color of the roots, taste qualities, and affection with diseases; in February, the roots were planted in temporary greenhouses in pairs for hybridization; seeds were threshed in mid-July; the hybrid seeds were sown on the roots in early August; the roots were harvested and evaluated 60-65 days after the moment of sprouting. Then, the 1.5-year cycle was repeated until the constant lines were obtained. Yield fluctuations were determined by taking into account the sum of effective temperatures and precipitation for the period “sprouting – harvest” [4]. Slight variability in the yield at high agronomic stability was observed for the varieties Sokol, Gulliver, and hybrid No. 41. The standard (variety Klyk slona) differed from other varieties by high variability in the yield and insufficiently high agronomic stability (66%). We found that there was the fluctuation of the yield of modern varieties: Klyk slona by 22 t/ha, Gulliver by 9 t/ha, Sokol by 14 t/ha, and hybrid No. 41 by 15 t/ha. It was estimated that for every 1 degree Celsius rise in the amounts of effective temperatures the yield of the aforementioned varieties decreased: 9.7; 38; 7.4 and 66 kg/ha, respectively. And, vice versa, if the amount of precipitation increased by 1 mm, the yield of Klyk slona would increase by 17 kg/ha, Gulliver - by 10 kg/ha, Sokol - by 11 kg/ha, and hybrid No. 41 – by 6 kg/ha. The technology and method for initial seed production of daikon have been developed with the preserved economic and biological characteristics. The daikon variety Sokol was created and included in the State Register.
STAGES OF THE SELECTION BY CREATING A VARIETY OF WATERMELON "MALAKHIT"
Authors: Malueva S. V. , Varivoda E. A. , Bocherova I. N.
Published: April 2019

The main direction of breeding in melon farming is the creation of varieties with high potential for productivity. The research was conducted at the Bykovskaya experimental station in the Volgograd region. The aim of the research was to create a new competitive watermelon variety malachite, which has a complex of useful and economic characteristics, resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The characteristic of the initial forms used for hybridization is given. The data of evaluation of the hybrid combination in all stages of the breeding process. According to the results of the 3-year competitive variety testing, the excess of the yield of watermelon malachite over the Sinchevsky standard averaged 1.5 t/ha. The dry matter content for all years of research was at the level of the standard and ranged from 11.4 to 12.4%. The final result of breeding work is the creation of mediumgrade watermelon malachite, which is in the state variety testing.
MEDICINAL SUCCULENT PLANTS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE NIKITA BOTANICAL GARDEN
Authors: Chichkanova E. S. , Bagrikova N. A. , Goncharova O. I. , Naumenko T. S.
Published: April 2019

Succulent plants are of a special interest for Russian botanical gardens’ collections, many of them are meant to be used not only in phytodesign but in pharmacy while drug manufacturing. The analysis of a species composition of the Nikitsky botanical gardens’ collection of officinal succulents is among high-priority tasks as it will highlight that advanced species for research and growth and development special aspects’ study in the introduction conditions, bioactive substances’ content in them and replenish the collection with new taxons, that are notable not only decorative characteristics but for officinal properties. The officinal succulents Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f., Aloe arborescens Mill., Sansivieria trifasciata Prain, Opuntia ficusindica  (L.) Mill., Pereskia aculeata Mill., Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britton & Rose, Crassula ovata (Mill.) Druce, Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym. Hamet & H. Perrier, with the complex of bioactive substances and a wide range of a human exposure, are exposed in the collection of the Nikitsky botanical gardens. They deserve a general pharmaceutical application while drug and cosmetic products’ manufacturing. The collection of the succulents in the Nikitsky botanical gardens was started to form in the years of 1812-1824. The total area of a new greenhouse, that was opened in 1996, is 960 square meters. The main part of the succulent collection of 985 taxons, including 87 subspecies, 38 subvarieties, 70 forms, 13 cultivars, is contained in it. Many plants are presented in the open field exposition with the total area of 1,240 square meters.
Eclecticism of Marketing: Strength or Weakness?
Authors: Oraedu Chukwunonso , Nnabuko Justin ,   Procurement Department, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.,   Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.,   Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
Published: April 2019

Marketing has evolved and emerged as a distinctive field of professional endeavor. Although there has been a considerable growth in its thoughts and theories, it still suffers from a lack of theoretical maturity. Scholars argue that as a young discipline there is still room for future exploration between its theory and practice. In an effort to expand the works of previous theorists and historians, this paper sets out to deepen the epistemology of marketing genealogy. Specifically, the paper offers clearer insights on the multidisciplinary nature of marketing, assesses whether this approach strengthens or weakens the influence of marketing as a field of knowledge, and finally explores the affiliate disciplines that dominate in marketing research studies at the moment. Using a broad review of the literature in the form of a historical survey, we traced cross-disciplinary exchanges of principles, concepts, and theories. The paper argues that the body of knowledge known as marketing evolved and emerged from different but interrelated fields. And it is this eclecticism approach that strengthens the foundation of marketing as a social, behavioral, and managerial field. This paper, therefore, offers strong educational values to inform teaching, enrich, acquaint, and/or update marketing students, theorists, and historians, and serve as a springboard for future debate.
Aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de diagnóstico del ViLeF y VIF: una revisión actualizada
Authors: Canto-Valdés María Casandra , Bolio-González Manuel Emilio , Ramírez-Álvarez Hugo , Cen-Cen Carlos Josué
Published: April 2019

Los virus de la leucemia felina (ViLeF) e inmunodeficiencia felina (VIF) están clasificados dentro de la familia Retroviridae y son patógenos que afectan a los gatos domésticos. Estos retrovirus felinos tienen alta capacidad de mutación y recombinación, lo cual favorece una amplia población de subtipos virales con capacidades patogénicas diferentes. Tienen gran relevancia en la salud felina, no solo por la severidad de las manifestaciones clínicas en los pacientes, sino también por la complejidad diagnóstica que pueden representar. El rango de prevalencias es amplio entre distintos estudios y zonas geográficas, probablemente por influencia de los factores de riesgo, las condiciones clínicas de los gatos y las pruebas diagnósticas utilizadas. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la patogenia del ViLeF son variables, dependiendo del subtipo viral y del inmunocompromiso del hospedero, ya que pueden existir linfomas, leucemias, aplasia eritrocitaria, mielosupresión e inmunodeficiencia. Por otro lado, el VIF tiene un marcado tropismo hacia los linfocitos TCD4+, lo cual desencadena una inmunodeficiencia característica, pero también se ha descrito un frecuente neurotropismo. Para ambos virus, el diagnóstico de rutina es de tipo serológico, sin embargo, en algunas situaciones no es posible identificar correctamente a los gatos infectados. En estudios recientes se ha incluido el diagnóstico de estos virus por medio de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), lo que abre una posibilidad a la disminución de errores diagnósticos para el ViLeF, pero aún se discute su efectividad para la detección del VIF. El objetivo del presente artículo es proporcionar información actualizada y precisa sobre los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de diagnóstico del ViLeF y VIF en gatos domésticos
KHAWARIJ: ARTI, ASAL-USUL, FIRQAH-FIRQAH, DAN PENDAPATNYA
Authors: Shaliadi Ikrom
Published: April 2019

Setelah Khalifah Ali ibn Thalib menerima usulan tahkim (arbitrasi) dari Mu‟awiyah dalam perang Shiffin, sejumlah pasukan Ali keluar dari barisan karena tidak setuju dengan keputusan Ali yang berkompromi dengan pemberontak. Kelompok yang keluar inilah yang selanjutnya disebut khawarij. Dari persoalan politik meluas ke masalah aqidah, karena kelompok khawarij memper-masalahkan aqidah pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam peristiwa tahkim. Dalam perkembangannya, aliran khawarij terpecah ke dalam sejumlah firqah yang memiliki pendapat beragam. Yang menyatukan identitas mereka, adalah sikapnya yang sangat keras terhadap kelompok-kelompok muslim yang tidak sepaham dengan keyakinan mereka, dan mereka sangat mudah menuduh kelompok islam lainnya sebagai kafir.
ISLAM DI MADURA
Authors: Amrullah Afif
Published: April 2019

Islam pertama kali datang ke wilayah Madura melalui perdagangan, terutama melalui wilayah Madura bagian timur (Su-menep). Perkembangan Islam secara massif tampak sejak peran ak-tif dari Walisongo. Keberhasilan penyebaran Islam di Madura tidak terlepas dari strategi dakwah yang diterapkan oleh mubaligh yang bersifat santun dan akomodatif terhadap budaya lokal yang ada. Dukungan dari para penguasa juga menjadi salah satu faktor pen-dukung suksesnya penyebaran Islam di wilayah Madura. Bahkan, orang Madura sering diidentikkan dengan keIslaman.
SEJARAH ISLAM NUSANTARA
Authors: Syafrizal Achmad
Published: April 2019

Umat Islam di Indonesia merupakan yang terbesar di dunia. Islam masuk ke negeri ini dengan jalan damai sesuai dengan misi Islam sebagai agama rahmatan li al-‘ālamīn. Ada lima teori masuknya Islam ke Nusantara, terutama jika dilihat dari aspek tempat asal pembawanya, yaitu teori Arab, teori Cina, teori Persi, teori India, dan teori Turki. Adapun strategi penyebaran Islam di Nusantara dilakukan melalui jalur perdagangan, dakwah, perka-winan, pendidikan, dan islamisasi kultural. Tokoh yang merupakan sentra penyebaran Islam di Nusantara ialah para ulama dan raja/sultan. Di tanah Jawa, ulama penyebar Islam tergabung dalam wadah Wali Songo.
menejemen mutu madrasah ibtidaiyah berbasis kearifan lokal
Authors: Hadi Saiful
Published: April 2019

Abstrak: Problem utama kelembagan pendidikan Islam khususnya Madrasah Ibtidaiyah swasta di Kecamatan Proppo Pamekasan adalah standar pengelolaan masih belum memiliki renstra/RPS/RPM, dan budaya sekolah. Program pengabdian pendampingan manajemen mutu madrasah diarahkan pada penyelesaian problem kepemilikan dokumen rencana kegiatan madrasah sampai pada rencana strategis.Mengelola madrasah dengan pendekatan manajemen mutu adalah mengembangkan sekolah kearah keunggulan dengan memperhatikan perubahan seperti sarana dan prasarana, manajemen persekolahan, visi misi sekolah, dan profesionalisme guru. Model pendampingan ini difokuskan pada delapan standar pendidikan nasional
STUDI ANALISIS KOMPARATIF METODE MUTAKALLIMÎN DAN AHNÂF DALAM MENYELESAIKAN PERTENTANGAN DALIL HUKUM
Authors: Jalil Abd
Published: April 2019

Study of methodology istinbâth of Islamic law, good flow of madhhab Ushul Fiqh and expert of Islamic law termed with ta'ârud al-adillah, ta'âdul al-adillah and taqâbul al-adillah. In addressing ta'ârud al-adillah, the flow of Mutakallimîn and Ahnâf takes unequal steps and methods; First, the stages and methods pursued by Mutakallimîn's flow in resolving the first prefix, al-jam'û wa al-taufîq; Second, al-tarjîh; Third, al-naskh and the last with tasâqut al-dalîlain. While the Ahnâf flow, stages and methods of settling the contradictory propositions use steps; First, al-naskh; Second, al-tarjîh; Third al-jam'u wa al-taufîq and fourth, tasâqut al-dalîlain. Secondly, the similarity of the Mutakallimîn and Ahnâf flows when encountering the arguments of the theorem, both of which use the same method, which is different at the stage of step or stage they are used. Stages and methods adopted by the first Mutakallimin flow of al-jam'u wa al-taufîq, while the first stage and method of Ahnâf flow of the naskh. The flow of Mutakallimîn takes precedence over al-jam'u wa al-taufîq rather than doing tarjîh, while the Ahnâf tarjîh school takes precedence rather than compromise the proposition or al-jam'u wa al-taufîq.
تجديد هدف الصوفية الإفرادية و الغيبية إلى الإجتماعية والتجريبة في مخطوطة حقيقة المعرفة (دراسة فيلولوجية و تحليلية)
Authors: Sadudin Isan
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai-nilai tasawuf dalam naskah Haqiqatul Ma’rifah dengan kode naskah MAA.021 yang berada di Perpustakaan Masjid Agung Keraton Surakarta. Penelitian ini adalah kajian filologi dan analisis isi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data berbasis studi pustaka. Kemudian penulis menggunakan metode deskripsi analisis dan pendekatan istiqra’i atau buttom up approach untuk menganalisa data penelitian. Penulis menggunakan Kitab Risalah Qusyairiyah karya Imam al-Qusyairi sebagai bahan perbandingan antara konsep tasawuf yang ada di dalam naskah MAA.021. Adapun hasil penelitian ini, penulis menemukan bahwa syariat sebagai cermin dan manifestasi dari amalan spirit keimanan. Kemudian setiap penempuh jalan tasawuf hendaknya mengamalkan pengalaman spiritual ketika bertemu dengan Allah (nilai-nilai individual-transedental) ke dalam kehidupan nyata (nilai-nilai sosio-empirik). Pengamalan ini sebagai bentuk dari metode penyebaran ajaran Islam dengan penuh kedamaian dan kasih sayang sehingga konsep “Islam rahmatan lil a’lamin” dapat dirasakan segenap makhluk.
DAKWAH KULTURAL BATHORO KATONG DI PONOROGO
Authors: Rofiq Ahmad Choirul
Published: April 2019

Islam merupakan agama yang luhur bagi seluruh umat manusia demi mendapatkan kebahagiaan di dunia maupun di akhirat. Oleh karena itu, setiap Muslim diharuskan berdakwah agar menganut agama Islam. Berkat kegiatan dakwahi, akhirnya agama Islam menjadi agama yang dipeluk oleh mayoritas masyarakat Ponorogo, Jawa Timur. Di antara tokoh utama yang dapat menyebarkan agama Islam di Ponorogo adalah Bathoro Katong, pendiri Kota Ponorogo. Keberhasilannya dalam melakukan Islamisasi di Ponorogo dipengaruhi oleh metode persuasifnya ketika berdakwah di Ponorogo. Dia mendirikan masjid sebagai sarana pengajaran Islam, menikahi Niken Gandini, dan juga memodifikasi kesenian reog Ponorogo dalam rangka Islamisasi Ponorogo. Dengan demikian, Bathoro Katong terbukti telah sukses menerapkan prinsip dakwah Islam sebagaimana dituntunkan oleh al-Qur’an dan teladan Nabi Muhammad SAW.