bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Data from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

This file contains supplementary data for this study.
FIGURE 3 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

Heat map representation of mutations identified in fresh-frozen recurrent tumor samples and corresponding plasma samples. Mutations were clustered on the basis of clonal structure identified from Pyclone and renamed as in CALDER tool. Red rectangles denote high confidence mutations with variant allele frequency (VAF) > 2%, while blue rectangles indicate mutations with statistical significance but VAF < 2%. A, Patient_02. B, Patient_04. Last three clusters (AA, BB, and CC) were identified in Pyclone analysis but not represented in CALDER. C, Patient_07.
FIGURE 1 from Natural History of Germline BRCA1 Mutated and BRCA Wild-type Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gardi Nilesh , Chaubal Rohan , Parab Pallavi , Pachakar Sunil , Kulkarni Suyash , Shet Tanuja , Joshi Shalaka , Kembhavi Yogesh , Chandrani Pratik , Quist Jelmar , Kowtal Pradnya , Grigoriadis Anita , Sarin Rajiv , Govindarajan Raman , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2024

Mutation rate and mutational signatures over disease course. A, X-axis represents samples, Y-axis represents mutations per MB. The mutation rate in pre-therapy samples is lower than that in post-therapy samples. B, X-axis represents 96 possible classes of mutations. Y-axis represents the fraction of these classes. The sample name is shown in each box.
Clinical Impact and Management of Incidental Renal Findings on Pre-TAVI CT Scan from the Urologist’s Perspective
Authors: Ziewers Stefanie , Fischer Nikita Druva , Börner Jan Hendrik , Kaufmann Lilly , Tamm Alexander , Yang Yang , Jungmann Florian , Dotzauer Robert , Sparwasser Peter , Hoefner Thomas , Tsaur Igor , Haferkamp Axel , Mager Rene
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate prevalence and impact of incidental renal masses (IRMs) accompanying increasing computed tomography (CT) work-up for symptomatic aortic valve stenosis (sAVS) of the elderly with regard to the relevance of urological consultation for overall survival (OS). Methods: A retrospective analysis of pre-transcatheter aortic-valve implantations (TAVIs) CT scans of patients with sAVS (N = 1,253) harboring IRM was performed for 2014–2019. According to the clinical management, groups 1 (urologic consultation) and 2 (findings ignored) were formed and analyzed in terms of OS. Results: The prevalence of IRM was 9% (119/1,253). In 19% (23/119), urological advice was sought (group 1). At baseline, group 1 showed a significantly higher rate of malignancy-specific lesions compared to 2 (p < 0.01). Other clinical parameters (e.g., age, cardiological scores, comorbidities) did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). In group 1, 4 (17%) findings were histologically confirmed, of which 3 (13%) underwent surgery. There was no significant difference in median OS at a median follow-up of 24.7 months between groups 1 and 2 with 35.7 (95% CI, 5.9; 65.4) and 47.4 months (95% CI, 33.0; 61.7), respectively (p = 0.4). In Cox regression analysis, chronic kidney disease but not urologic work-up or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or heart failure emerged as an independent unfavorable predictor of OS (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.37; 4.36, p = 0.003). Conclusion: For the first time, a TAVI population with IRM was analyzed from the urologist’s perspective. Urologic co-evaluation and work-up does not confer a significant benefit in terms of OS in this particular population.
Finding the Right Track: Payoffs to Vocational Education Programs with Workplace Learning
Authors: Moschion Julie , Polidano Cain
Published: February 2024

Workplace learning in vocational education and training (VET) is often claimed to be an important metric to define “high quality” programs, but outcomes beyond initial employment are not well understood. In this study, we estimate outcomes of upper-secondary school VET programs with different levels of workplace learning in Australia—solely classroom-based, classroom-based with a workplace learning component, and training with an employment contract (apprenticeship/traineeships). Outcomes of students in each of these vocational programs are compared with outcomes of student who do not enroll up to seven years later. We use data from 2003, 2006, and 2009 Program for International Student Assessment participants who are tracked through an annual survey, adjusting for differences in student test scores, socioeconomic characteristics, post-secondary aspirations, and school and peer characteristics. Our results suggest short-term labor market benefits that disappear by year 7 out from school. However, among those who go onto further study after school, VET with workplace learning is associated with positive outcomes up to year 7. These include 5 to 10 percentage point higher rates of full-time employment, 7 to 10 percentage point higher reported rates of career job attainment, and 0.14 standard deviation higher job satisfaction. Suggestive evidence indicates that workplace learning may provide job market information and/or employer contacts that help students find good post-secondary pathways in education and training.
MMORF—FSL’s MultiMOdal Registration Framework
Authors: Lange Frederik J. , Arthofer Christoph , Bartsch Andreas , Douaud Gwenaëlle , McCarthy Paul , Smith Stephen M. , Andersson Jesper L. R.
Published: February 2024

We present MMORF—FSL’s MultiMOdal Registration Framework—a newly released nonlinear image registration tool designed primarily for application to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of the brain. MMORF is capable of simultaneously optimising both displacement and rotational transformations within a single registration framework by leveraging rich information from multiple scalar and tensor modalities. The regularisation employed in MMORF promotes local rigidity in the deformation, and we have previously demonstrated how this effectively controls both shape and size distortion, leading to more biologically plausible warps. The performance of MMORF is benchmarked against three established nonlinear registration methods—FNIRT, ANTs, and DR-TAMAS—across four domains: FreeSurfer label overlap, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) similarity, task-fMRI cluster mass, and distortion. The evaluation is based on 100 unrelated subjects from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset registered to the Oxford-MultiModal-1 (OMM-1) multimodal template via either the T1w contrast alone or in combination with a DTI/DTI-derived contrast. Results show that MMORF is the most consistently high-performing method across all domains—both in terms of accuracy and levels of distortion. MMORF is available as part of FSL, and its inputs and outputs are fully compatible with existing workflows. We believe that MMORF will be a valuable tool for the neuroimaging community, regardless of the domain of any downstream analysis, providing state-of-the-art registration performance that integrates into the rich and widely adopted suite of analysis tools in FSL.
New species of Microglossum (Leotiales: Leotiomycetes) from Brazil
Authors: FUNEZ LUÍS ADRIANO , ALVES-SILVA GENIVALDO , ARISTÓTELES GÓES-NETO  , DRECHSLER-SANTOS ELISANDRO RICARDO
Published: February 2024

Microglossum is a genus of bright colored earth tongues with hyaline ascospores. Although relatively common in the North Hemisphere, there are very few collections of this genus in South America. In Brazil, one species is recognized: Microglossum rickii, which belongs to the scaly-stipitate group. However, we have now identified three additional species, based on fresh and herbarium specimens of this genus in Brazil that do not match any known species. Therefore, we are describing them as new species: Microglossum azeurum, characterized by bright blue ascomata and found in Southern Brazil, sister to an unnamed Microglossum species from Chile, and M. sourellae and M. popovkinii, both featuring pale yellow ascomata and distributed in Midwestern Brazil, with M. popovkinii extending also to Northeastern Brazil, retrieved as sister to Microglossum macrosporum clade.
Sympatric speciation in Dipcadi saxorum at Kanheri Caves, Borivali, Maharashtra India
Authors: DUTTA SUCHANDRA RANJIT , RODRIGUES HENSAL SALVADOR , HARVEY PRAMODACHANDRA PRAFUL , CHAKRAL KIRAN GANGADHAR , INGLE PRIYANKA , DANGI RAKHEE
Published: February 2024

Dipcadi saxorum was first described from Kanheri caves, Mumbai, India. This species shows active speciation based on niche differentiation and partial temporal isolation. The variant growing in a different microhabitat on the plateau top is a sympatric cryptic population described here as a new variety D. saxorum var. kanheriense. The new variety is characterized by 7–8, larger, unchanneled leaves, persistent till infructescence and 24–40 flowers in dense racemes. The two variants of D. saxorum are discussed based on their morphology and karyotype.
Cymbella golestanica sp. nov. a new diatom species from Agh Su Waterfall, Golestan National Park, Northeastern Iran
Authors: MIRZAHASANLOU JAMILEH PANAHY , QAREBESLOUM TINA , FARASATI MASOUMEH , BAHALKEH ARSALAN
Published: February 2024

A new species of Cymbella is characterized by morphological, ultrastructural and ecological remarks. The species was found in diatom samples collected from Agh Su waterfall located in western part of Golestan National Park. Cymbella golestanica sp. nov is assigned to the C. leptoceros group based on the areola density, the absence of stigmata and lanceolate shape. The most similar taxa are C. diminuta and C. hustedtii, however in our taxon stria is less dense than the C. diminuta types and more loosely distributed, and apices are completely protracted with ventrally broadened valves and axial area. The most diagnosing features with C. hustedtii are also valve apices and length/width ratio. C. golestanica was also compared with C. subleptoceros and C. designata. Ecologically the newly described species was found as epilithic in alkaline water with low conductivity.
Review of amphipods of the family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874 (Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (Far East of Russia). III. Subfamily Pleustoidinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
Authors: LABAY VJACHESLAV S.
Published: February 2024

The taxonomic analysis of subfamily Pleustoidinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994 is performed. A review of subfamily Pleustoidinae from the shelf of Sakhalin Island and adjacent water area based on all literature and own data is provided. The diagnoses of the subfamily Pleustoidinae and the genus Pleustoides Gurjanova, 1972 have been clarified. Based on new material, the new species Pleustoides tridens sp. nov. is described from the shelf of Sakhalin Island. The species P. ochoticus Gurjanova, 1972 is re-described and its status is clarified. A key to the amphipod of the genus Pleustoides is given.
An update on the huntsman spider genus Uaiuara Rheims, 2013 (Araneae, Sparassidae, Sparianthinae)
Authors: RHEIMS CRISTINA A.
Published: February 2024

The genus Uaiuara Rheims is revisited. A new species is described, based on females from Iquitos, Peru and new distribution records for Uaiuara amazonica (Simon, 1880) and U. quyguaba Rheims, 2013 are provided. In addition, an identification key and updated distribution maps are provided for all species.
Additions to the knowledge of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Norway, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: JAPOSHVILI GEORGE , STAVERLØKK ARNSTEIN
Published: February 2024

Two genera of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are for the first time recorded from Norway: Dusmetia Mercet, 1921 and Prionomastix Mayr, 1876. Six new species records for the country are presented, including two newly described taxa: Aphycus staverlokki Japoshvili sp. n. and Metaphycus sannes Japoshvili sp. n. The total number of known Norwegian species of the family is currently 156.
MicroRNA-153 Restrains Cell Metastasis and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Cervical Carcinoma by Targeting SATB1 and Regulating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Liu Wenfeng , Zhang Meng , Du Xiaojie , Zhang Min , Wang Weiling , Zhang Zhiying
Published: February 2024

As a malignant tumor, cervical cancer (CC) seriously affects women’s life and health. Various microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis of CC. Here, we mainly paid attention to the effect of miR-153 in CC. RT-qPCR or Western blot was employed to quantify miR-153 or SATB1
expression. Molecular mechanism of miR-153/SATB1 was detected by Transwell and dual-luciferase assays. MiR-153 was downregulated in CC. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-153 restrained cell metastasis. Upregulation of SATB1 was detected in CC, and negative connected with miR-153 in CC cells.
Knockdown of SATB1 suppressed cell metastasis in CC. The inhibitory effect of miR-153 was abolished by upregulation of SATB1. Besides that, miR-153 blocked EMT and downregulated p-β-catenin expression in CC cells. MiR-153 restrains cell metastasis and EMT in CC by targeting SATB1
and regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
A Sustained-Release SP-Sr-CaS/NBD Microsphere for Promoting Bone Repair and Inhibiting Inflammation for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis
Authors: Li Xue , Xiao Xiao , Wang Lei , Liang Weichun , Ruan Jun , Ou Jianyi
Published: February 2024

In this study, we prepare sustained-release poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based microspheres (SP), containing strontium (Sr), calcium sulfate (CaS), and NF-κB essential modifier-binding domain (NBD) peptide, namely SP-Sr-CaS/NBD, for the treatment of osteomyelitis.
Our results demonstrate that the SP-Sr-CaS/NBD group exhibited enhanced bone repair speed and infection clearance rate compared to other groups. Moreover, histological staining revealed more comprehensive bone structure restoration in the SP-Sr-CaS/NBD group. Furthermore, we assessed the levels
of bone growth factors and apoptosis factors in primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and found that NBD effectively suppresses inflammation while Sr-CaS promotes bone healing by inhibiting cell apoptosis. Additionally, we conducted in vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluations
of the microspheres, which confirmed their potential as a competitive filling material for osteomyelitis. In conclusion, SP-Sr-CaS/NBD microspheres hold great promise as therapeutic scaffolds for clinical cases involving bone infections by reducing pain and treatment duration. This study provides
a new repair material for the treatment of osteomyelitis and promotes the development of repair material for osteomyelitis.
Antibacterial Effect of Nanostructured Cuprous Gold and Silver Oxide Composite Nanoshell on Keratitis
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Yang , Zhang Mingchang
Published: February 2024

We developed novel inorganic nanomaterials to combat drug-resistant bacterial infections in keratitis. These infections cause rapid severe corneal ulcers. Traditional antibiotics face challenges due to bacterial resistance. We investigated new therapies by designing nanomaterials. In
an animal model of diabetic keratitis, we studied the materials’ antibacterial properties and mechanisms. In vitro, nanomaterials displayed strong antibacterial effects, confirmed by quantitative analysis. In vivo, using thermal imaging, wound closure monitoring, clinical
scores, and histopathology, we demonstrated nanomaterials’ efficacy against infections. Toxicity evaluations, including weight monitoring, hemolysis, biochemical, hematological analyses, and organ histology, revealed no adverse effects on the body or organs. Confocal microscopy showed
effective bacterial eradication using nanomaterials combined with near-infrared laser treatment. Minimal impact on red blood cells was observed at therapeutic concentrations. Nanomaterials, particularly gold-silver-cuprous oxide composite nanoshells, demonstrated potent resistance against
drug-resistant infections. Photothermal treatment using nanomaterials and near-infrared laser showed promise without harming normal tissues, blood, or organs. Our findings offer a potential clinical solution for keratitis treatment.
Current Advances in Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Zhao Kangqi , Hao Ming , Xu Qian , Li Hongxue , Xu Chengye , Meng Ziyu , Kuang Hongyu
Published: February 2024

With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, humans have been able to conduct large-scale analysis of DNA sequence, chromatin structure, RNA transcripts, proteins, metabolites and other genomes and their products. Traditional high-throughput transcriptome sequencing
techniques based on tissue samples (RNA Seq) are used to centrally sequence thousands of cells, each of which varies in size, protein levels, and mRNA expression transcription. Measuring the average of multiple cells grouped together can mask significant differences in gene expression between
cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a technique for high-throughput sequencing of the genome, transcriptome, and epigenome at the single-cell level. Based on the single cell RNA transcription map, the intraocular cells can be distinguished from other subtypes, and the different subtypes are
found to have significant differences in morphology, physiology and specific expression genes. In recent years, the application of single-cell RNA sequencing technology in the field of ophthalmology has increased, mainly including cell type and cell subtype identification, retinal development
process, and eye disease research. This paper systematically summarized the latest application of single-cell sequencing technology in the field of diabetic retinopathy, and summarized marker genes and potential therapeutic targets. It has guiding significance for the clinical treatment of
diabetic retinopathy.
The Protective Effect of Dihydroartemisinin on Type 2 Diabetic Mice via Regulating Hepatic Glucose Output
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yang Yuan-min , Qu Shui-qing , Deng Shuo-qiu , Li Yu , Zheng Zhong-yuan , Dai Yue , Liu Tuo , Chen Li-na , Li Yu-jie
Published: February 2024

There was an investigation into the hypoglycemic effects and potential mechanisms of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on hepatic glycometabolism of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The db/db mice and ApoE−/− mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were selected as diabetes
models. The levels of FBG, body weight, glucose tolerance, insulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were observed to evaluate the drug’s efficacy. The glycogen content, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), hexokinase (HK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pase)
were detected in the livers. Histopathological studies were conducted on the pancreas and liver. Targeting proteins and signaling pathways of DHA were identified by quantitative proteomic. Western blotting examined the protein expression of forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent-protein
kinase 2 (CAMK2) in the liver. This study demonstrated that DHA reduced FBG, improved insulin sensitivity, ameliorated glucose tolerance in two diabetes models while decreasing the ALT and AST levels in db/db mice. DHA promoted hepatic glucose metabolism and inhibited gluconeogenesis via CAMK2/FOXO1-mediated
HK upregulation and G6pase downregulation. In conclusion, DHA exerts protective effects against T2DM related to maintain the blance of hepatic glucose.
Triptolide-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanogel: Preparation and In-Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Lu Chun-Feng , Dai Ye , Tao Yun , Yin Qiu-Yi , Jiang Yan , Jiang Ting-Wang
Published: February 2024

In order to topically deliver triptolide (TPL), we sought to develop and characterize solid lipid nano-particles based gel (SLNs-gel) before we investigated its inhibitory activity on HaCaT cells. Preparation of TPL-loaded SLNs (TPL-SLNs) was performed with a method involving melt-emulsion
ultra-sonication and solidification at low temperature. The determined characteristics of TPL-SLNs were particle size (PS), encapsulation efficiency (EE), zeta potential (ZP), microscopic mor phology and release of TPL In-Vitro. After TPL-SLNs have been formulated into gel, we used
the Franz diffusion cell method to evaluate the skin permeation and penetration characteristics of TPL-SLNs-gel on rat’s skin. Imaging results showed that particles of TPL-SLNs were homogeneous and well-dispersed. Meanwhile, the PS and ZP of TPL-SLNs were 89.21 ± 9.68 nm and −41.3
± 6.23 mV, respectively, with EE being 89.3%. Also, we observed a significant improvement in pattern of In-Vitro TPL release from TPL-SLNs compared to free TPL. Furthermore, the cumulative penetration of TPL-SLNs-gel was higher (5.28 times) compared to free TPL. Besides, TPL-SLNs-gel
demonstrated substantial higher cytostatic activity on HaCaT cells comparable to both free TPL and TPL-SLNs. Altogether, it is evident that a delivery system like SLNs-gel can potentially increase the transdermal bioavailability of TPL for effective inhibition of proliferous HaCaT cells
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Carrying microRNA-124 Promote Ferroptosis in Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Liu Min , Xu Chuanbing , Dong Huichao , Jia Dongshen , Hao Dongfang , Rong Ruozen , Peng Yao
Published: February 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignancy among men worldwide. Iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit great potential in gene delivery and studies have noted the inhibitory effect of miR-124 on PCa cell growth. Herein, we identified the therapeutic effect
of Fe3O4 NPs carrying miR-124 in PCa and clarified its mechanism of action in inhibiting progression of PCa. After preparation of Fe3O4 NPs carrying miR-124, human PCa cell line PC3 was treated with miR-124-Fe3O4 NPs when ferroptosis
inducer FIN56, ferroptosis inhibitor Liproxstatin-1, Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inhibitor SF1670 or PTEN activator Oroxin B were added for transfection. Afterwards, assays were conducted to evaluate PCa cell biological activities. Additionally, we determined expression of PTEN and
AKT and ferroptosis-related protein GPX4 and SLC7A11 in each group. We confirmed anticancer effects of miR-124-Fe3O4 NPs in PCa, as they suppressed PC3 cell proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis. Compared with miR-124-Fe3O4 + Liproxstatin-1
group, the expressions of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins in miR-124-Fe3O4 group were elevated. The advent of PTEN activator Oroxin B decreased proliferative ability of PCa cells, and SF1670 treatment decreased PTEN level and elevated AKT level. With highest apoptotic rate
of PCa cells in miR-124-Fe3O4 + Oroxin B + FIN56 group, intervention of SF1670 or Liproxstatin-1 changed the cell viability, while Oroxin B caused decreased AKT level and increased level of ferroptosis-related proteins. miR-124-Fe3O4 NPs hinder PCa
progression by promoting ferroptosis and cell apoptosis through regulation of PTEN/Akt pathway.
Effect of Polystyrene Targeting Nanoparticles on Lung Injury in Severe Acute Pancreatitis and NOX2/ROS/NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Liu Changbo , Luo Liya , Suo Shuzhen , Song Yongkang
Published: February 2024

Relationship between polyethylene targeting nanoparticles and key components of the NOX2/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway has not yet been fully clarified, and their regulatory role in lung injury in severe acute pancreatitis has not yet been confirmed. In this study, severe
acute pancreatitis lung injury cells were exposed to polyethylene targeting nanoparticles and MTT method was used to detect cell proliferation. Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected using flow cytometry and the expression of NOX2/ROS/NF-κB pathway was detected. The compound
polyethylene targeting nanoparticles inhibited proliferation of lung-damaged cells in severe acute pancreatitis dose-dependently (5, 10 and 20 μmol/L), induced G2/M phase arrest, and increased cell apoptosis. In addition, it reduced the expression of NOX2, ROS, and NF-κB,
indicating that NOX2/ROS/NF-κB pathway may be inhibited. Polystyrene targeting nanoparticles reduced the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, JAK, STAT, and IL-10. As a targeted drug delivery system, nano-drug-carrying systems help to dissolve drugs that are difficult to dissolve
in the drug solution and intervene in the corresponding tissues and cells in a targeted manner. The results of this study showed that polymer-targeted nano-drug systems could regulate the growth of lung-damaged cells in severe acute pancreatitis. Polyethylene targeting nanoparticles may be
effective in inhibiting inflammation in lung-damaged cells in severe acute pancreatitis via regulation of NOX2/ROS/NF-κB pathway.
MiR-497 Prevents Septic Kidney Injury and Improves Immune Function Through Inhibition of Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) Pathway
Authors: Jiang Shuang , Liang Qun
Published: February 2024

Abnormal expression of miR-497 is related to the progression of septic renal injury. This study aimed to identify the protective effect of miR-497 on septic renal injury and immune function. We established a rat model of septic renal injury with sham-operated group and treated rats
with culture solution of miR-497, gentianella acuta (positive control group), miR-497 plus JAK/STAT pathway agonist, and distilled water (model group). After treatment, urine output and renal histopathological changes were detected. Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR determined the levels of serum
Scr, BUN, KIM-1, NGAL, IgG, IgA, and IgM, and evaluated the CD4+T, CD8+T, NK cell activity. Western blot assessed the activity of JAK/STAT signaling pathway. The model group and pathway agonist group had the highest 24-hour urine output, serum Scr, BUN, KIM-1, and NGAL
levels, followed by miR-497 group and positive control group, and sham-operated group. The CD4+T, and NK cell activity was reduced with a drop in IgG, IgA, IgM levels in rats with septic renal injury, but treatment with miR-497 or gentianella acuta restored the cell activity and
Ig levels and addition of JAK/STAT pathway agonist would further decrease the immune cell activity. There was no difference between the model group and pathway agonist group, miR-497 group and positive control group (p < 0.05). Following miR-497 group, and sham-operated group, the
expression of miR-497 in model group, pathway agonist group, and positive control group was lowest (p < 0.05). As the expression of JAK and STAT did not vary among five groups (p > 0.05), we found highest expression of p-JAK and p-STAT levels in model group, positive control
group, and pathway agonist group, and lowest expression in sham-operated group. miR-497 inhibits the activity of JAK/STAT signaling, up-regulates the activity of CD4+T, NK cells and levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, while inhibiting CD8+T cells activity to improve immune function.
In conclusion, miR-497 attenuates septic kidney injury through inhibiting KIM-1 and NGAL expression, indicating that miR-497 and JAK/STAT pathways may be potential therapeutic targets for treating septic kidney injury.
The comparative benefits of text and page modification on the reading rates between sighted and moderate to severe visually impaired eyes
Authors: Abraham Carl Halladay , Sakyi-Badu Godfred , Boadi-Kusi Samuel Bert , Darko-Takyi Charles , Ocansey Stephen , Abu Emmanuel Kwasi , Fynn Hope Paa Kwesi , Dadzie Albert Kofi , Aboagye MacCarthy Asantewaa , Osei Frimpong Kingsford , Nyarkoa Opoku Emmanuella
Published: February 2024

Reading with a magnifier is relatively slow for persons with moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI). This study sought to investigate the effect of the page and text modifications such as page length reduction and introduction of guidelines in between sentences known to significantly improve the reading rate of persons with normal vision on the reading rate of persons with MSVI who use an optical aid for reading. A quasi-experimental study design was used to determine text and page modifications on the reading rate of sighted persons and moderate to severe visually impaired eyes. Modifications made to the reading materials included reducing the length of sentences on the pages, introducing guidelines in between the sentences, and a combination of both reducing the page length and introducing guidelines between the sentences. The reading rate of participants was calculated based on the time taken to complete the various reading tasks. The tasks were grouped into spot and fluent reading tasks. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). There were 19 visually impaired participants representing 34% of the total population recruited for the study. For spot reading, MSVI group achieved a 10-point significant improvement in their reading rate when alternating-colored guidelines were combined with reduced page length. The modifications did not significantly improve the fluent reading rate of the MSVI group. For both spot and fluent reading, introducing guidelines and reducing sentence length potentially provide a way to improve the reading rate of the visually impaired people who use an optical aid for reading. The practical implications of these results should be investigated in people with MSVI who use different optical aids for reading.
Life-Stage and Contextual Factors of Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults With Limited Income
Authors: Kimpel Christine C. , Lauderdale Jana , Schlundt David G. , Dietrich Mary S. , Ratcliff Amy C. , Maxwell Cathy A.
Published: February 2024

Patient perspectives are essential to understand healthcare disparities such as low rates of advance care planning (ACP) among adults with limited income. We completed twenty semi-structured interviews using purposive and snowball sampling. Initial and final themes emerged from inductive inclusion of recurring codes and deductive application of the cumulative disadvantage theory. Four themes emerged: (1) structural, (2) life-stage, (3) social stressors and resources, and (4) individual stress responses and ACP readiness. ACP resources among participants included positive structural and social support and previous familial death experiences that were mitigated by stress avoidance and competing priorities. Structural resources and healthcare stressors should be addressed with policy and research to improve continuous healthcare participation and support early, comprehensive ACP.
Are they like us or are we like them? Applying the principle of contrast modeling to social identity
Authors: Buala Hannah , Croft Alyssa
Published: February 2024

Are conservatives as competent as liberals? Are liberals as competent as conservatives? Logically, one might assume agreement with one implies agreement with the other. However, we found that people rely on contrast modeling when making these types of similarity judgements. Specifically, people use their own social identity as a metric for weighing evaluative statements asymmetrically based on how they are framed (i.e., which group comes first). Thus, conservatives agree more strongly with the first framing of the statement, while liberals agree more strongly with the second, despite similar semantic meanings underlying both statements. Four studies ( N = 1,405) examined the cognitive processes leading to this similarity judgement. Further, we show that identity centrality moderates reliance on contrast modeling. Our findings suggest that cognitive mechanisms underlying social group comparisons are analogous to the mechanisms used to compare nonsocial categories.
Improvement in the strength of concrete reinforced with agriculture fibers: Assessment on mechanical properties and microstructure analysis
Authors: Ahmad Jawad , Mohammed Jebur Yasir , Tayyab Naqash Muhammad , Sheraz Muhammad , Hakamy Ahmed , Farouk Deifalla Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Concrete is weak in tension, causing brittle failure without warning. Fiber is one of the simplest techniques to increase tensile strain. Several kinds of fibers (synthetic) are available such as steel fiber, glass fiber, and carbon fiber. However, these fibers are expensive and cannot be easily accessible. Researchers use agricultural fiber in concrete instead of synthetic fibers to offset this deficiency. Although, several studies have shown that agricultural fiber may be utilized to increase concrete tensile strength. However, a details review is required which combines all relevant information and the reader can evaluate the benefits of agricultural fiber. Therefore, this review focus on a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the impact of agricultural fiber on concrete slump flow, mechanical quality, and durability. Furthermore, scanning electronic microscopy, enhancement methods, and agricultural fiber-reinforced concrete (AFRC) applications are also reviewed. Five different types of agricultural fiber including coconut, jute, banana, rice straw, and hemp fibers were selected. According to the findings, agricultural fiber increased concrete’s mechanical and durability qualities while comparably decreasing the slump. The optimum dose is essential as the higher dose adversely affects mechanical performance. The typical optimum amount varies from 1% to 2% by weight/volume of the binder. Among various types of agricultural fiber, coconut fiber is super performance. Less research is carried out on hemp, straw ash, and banana fibers than on coconut and jute fibers.
Efficacy and safety of raltitrexed-eluting CalliSpheres® bead transarterial chemoembolization in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-arm, prospective study
Authors: Sun Zhanguo , Jiao Dechao , Fang Yi , Liu Yiming , Xu Kaihao , Zhang Chengzhi , Huang Yuanhao , Han Xinwei
Published: February 2024

Background:

The most common loadable chemotherapeutic drugs in drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) include doxorubicin, epirubicin, etc. CalliSpheres® beads have exhibited efficient loadability and eluting characteristics for raltitrexed as well as in vitro and animal experiments. However, the efficacy and safety of raltitrexed-loaded DEB-TACE in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear.

Objectives:

To assess the efficacy and safety of raltitrexed-loaded DEB-TACE in patients with intermediate-stage HCC.

Design:

The study was conducted as a single-arm prospective study.

Methods:

This study was a prospective, single-arm trial conducted between June 2019 and June 2022. CalliSpheres® beads loaded with raltitrexed were used in the DEB-TACE procedure. The follow-up lasted for at least 1 year or until death. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were time to progression (TTP), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs).

Results:

The 6-month ORR and disease control rates were 90.1% and 93.8%, respectively. The median OS was 33.0 months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 95.1%, 82.1%, and 43.6%, respectively. Child–Pugh class and bilobar disease occurrence were identified as independent OS predictors. The median TTP and PFS were 22.7 and 19.8 months, respectively. Eleven (11.5%) patients experienced at least one grade 3 AE, and serious AEs were reported in five participants (5.2%). No patient experienced grade 4 or 5 AEs.

Conclusion:

Raltitrexed-loaded DEB-TACE is feasible, safe, and effective in patients with intermediate-stage HCC.

Trial registration:

This trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn under the identifier: 1900024097 on 25 June 2019.
123VCF: an intuitive and efficient tool for filtering VCF files
Authors: Eidi Milad , Abdolalizadeh Samaneh , Moeini Soheila , Garshasbi Masoud , Zahiri Javad
Published: February 2024

Background

The advent of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in medical genetics, enabling the identification of disease-associated variants. However, the vast quantum of data produced by NGS necessitates a robust and dependable mechanism for filtering irrelevant variants. Annotation-based variant filtering, a pivotal step in this process, demands a profound understanding of the case-specific conditions and the relevant annotation instruments. To tackle this complex task, we sought to design an accessible, efficient and more importantly easy to understand variant filtering tool.

Results

Our efforts culminated in the creation of 123VCF, a tool capable of processing both compressed and uncompressed Variant Calling Format (VCF) files. Built on a Java framework, the tool employs a disk-streaming real-time filtering algorithm, allowing it to manage sizable variant files on conventional desktop computers. 123VCF filters input variants in accordance with a predefined filter sequence applied to the input variants. Users are provided the flexibility to define various filtering parameters, such as quality, coverage depth, and variant frequency within the populations. Additionally, 123VCF accommodates user-defined filters tailored to specific case requirements, affording users enhanced control over the filtering process. We evaluated the performance of 123VCF by analyzing different types of variant files and comparing its runtimes to the most similar algorithms like BCFtools filter and GATK VariantFiltration. The results indicated that 123VCF performs relatively well. The tool's intuitive interface and potential for reproducibility make it a valuable asset for both researchers and clinicians.

Conclusion

The 123VCF filtering tool provides an effective, dependable approach for filtering variants in both research and clinical settings. As an open-source tool available at https://project123vcf.sourceforge.io, it is accessible to the global scientific and clinical community, paving the way for the discovery of disease-causing variants and facilitating the advancement of personalized medicine.
Characteristics and outcome of patients with left atrial appendage closure in China: a single-center experience
Authors: Zhang Jingrui , Li Changyi , Zhou Lu , Sang Caihua , Li Songnan , Ma Changsheng
Published: February 2024

Background

Clinical characteristics and long-term data on the safety and efficacy of LAAC in preventing cerebrovascular accident and thromboembolism among Chinese patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) remain limited.

Methods

Data of consecutive NVAF patients who underwent LAAC at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021, were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the composite endpoint of stroke/transient ischemic attack, systemic embolism, and death from cardiovascular causes. The primary safety endpoint is the severe bleeding defined by the LAAC Munich consensus.

Results

Of the 222 patients enrolled, the mean age was 66.90 ± 9.62 years, with a majority being male (77.03%). Many patients are non-paroxysmal AF (71.19%) with a median duration of AF of 4.00 years. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.78 ± 1.49, and the mean HAS-BLED score was 1.68 ± 0.86. Thromboembolic events (76.58%) were the most common indication for LAAC. The device, technical, and procedural success rates were 98.65%, 98.65%, and 93.69%, respectively. The anticoagulation continuation rate was 56.36%, 31.25%, and 22.60% at 3-, 6- and 12 months post-procedure, respectively. Throughout a mean 2.81 years of follow-up, the incidence of the primary efficacy endpoint was 4.27 per 100 patient-years, predominantly attributable to stroke/TIA (3.12 per 100 PYs). Five patients experienced major bleeding during the follow-up period. Post-procedure imaging revealed minimal complications, with only one substantial peri-device leak. Device-related thrombus occurred in 2.33% of patients, resolving with anticoagulation.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that LAAC is a safe and effective alternative option for Chinese patients with AF, with a high success rate, few complications as well as fewer long-term adverse outcome events.
Serum zinc concentration in patients with myocardial infarction: a retrospective study
Authors: Tanita Atsushi , Namiuchi Shigeto , Onodera Kenta , Sunamura Shinichiro , Ogata Tsuyoshi , Noda Kazuki , Takii Toru
Published: February 2024

Background

Zinc regulates the oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling cascade and affects the development and deterioration of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the prognosis of developing heart failure in patients with myocardial infarction.

Methods

Patients with myocardial infarction (n = 243) were divided using the median value of zinc concentration on admission into low (< 66 µg/dL at admission, n = 111) and high zinc group (≥ 66 µg/dL at admission, n = 132). During follow-up (mean ± SD: 734 ± 597 days; median 691 days), admission due to heart failure was observed in 12 patients: 10 and 2 cases in the low and high zinc groups, respectively.

Results

The risk of admission due to heart failure was significantly higher in the low zinc than in the high zinc group (P = 0.0043). Relative to the high zinc group, the hazard ratio for admission due to heart failure was 15.7 (95% confidence interval 1.11–221, P = 0.042) via adjusted Cox proportional hazards analysis. Even after propensity score matching, the risk of admission due to heart failure was significantly higher in the low zinc than in the high zinc group (P = 0.048).

Conclusion

Low serum zinc concentration may be a risk factor for admission due to heart failure after myocardial infarction.
Effectiveness of a thrombin-gelatin flowable for treating severe liver bleeding: an experimental study
Authors: Sánchez-del-Valle Francisco J , Sánchez-Seco María-Isabel , Jiménez Adrián González , Acosta Florentina , Fernández-Domínguez Pedro , Pérez-Alegre Juan-José
Published: February 2024

Background

Current scientific evidence has pointed out the relevance of hemostatic products for improving clinical outcomes in liver trauma, including increased survival rates and reductions in bleeding-related complications. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of the gelatin-thrombin flowable (Flowable) versus the standard technique of Packing in a new experimental liver injury model.

Methods

Twenty-four swine were prospectively randomized to receive either Flowable or standard packing technique. We used a novel severe liver injury model, in which the middle and left suprahepatic veins were selectively injured, causing an exsanguinating hemorrhage. The main outcome measure was the percentage of lost blood volume.

Results

The median total percentage of total blood volume per animal lost, from injury to minute 120, was significantly lower in the Flowable group (15.2%; interquartile range: 10.7–46.7%) than in the Packing group (64.9%; Interquartile range: 53.4–73.0%) (Hodges-Lehmann median difference: 41.1%; 95% CI: 18.9–58.0%, p = 0.0034). The 24-hour survival rate was significantly higher in the Flowable group (87.0%) than in the Packing group (0.0%) (Hazard ratio (HR) 0.08; 95% confidence interval 0.102 to 0.27; p < 0.0001). Mean-arterial pressure was significantly lower at minute 60 and 120 in the Flowable group than in the packing group (p = 0.0258 and p = 0.0272, respectively). At minute 120, hematocrit was higher in the Flowable than in the packing group (Hodges-Lehmann median difference: 5.5%; 95%CI: 1.0 to11.0, p = 0.0267). Finally, the overall-surgical-procedure was significantly shorter with Flowable than with Packing (Hodges-Lehmann median difference: 39.5 s, 95% CI: 25.0 to 54.0 s, p = 0.0004).

Conclusions

The use of the Flowable was more effective in achieving hemostasis, reducing blood loss, and improving survival rates than standard packing in a severe porcine-liver bleeding model.
The effectiveness of a combined exercise and psychological treatment programme on measures of nervous system sensitisation in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Deegan Orla , Fullen Brona M , Segurado Ricardo , Doody Catherine
Published: February 2024

Background

Quantitative sensory testing (QST) offers information regarding underlying mechanisms contributing to chronic pain (CP) in adults with musculoskeletal disorders. This review examined the use of QST measures in adults with CP following participation in a combined exercise and psychological intervention.

Methods

The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were searched from inception to November 2022. All study designs which evaluated the effects of a combined exercise and psychological treatment on measures of nervous system sensitivity in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain were included.

Results

A total of 13 studies met the selection criteria, 10 of which were included in a meta-analysis. Local pressure pain thresholds were the most frequently used measure (n = 12 studies). Meta-analysis revealed statistically significantly improvements in favour of the combined exercise and psychological intervention group, compared to a control group, for local pressure pain threshold measures [SMD = 0.44, 95% CI 0.08–0.81, I2 = 84%], pain intensity scores [SMD=-0.89, 95% CI -1.66- -0.13, I2 = 94%] and the Central Sensitisation Inventory [SMD=-0.69, 95% CI -1.37- -0.02, I2 = 87%]. There were no significant differences found between groups for remote pressure pain thresholds, temporal summation or conditioned pain modulation.

Conclusions

The results suggest that a combined exercise and psychological intervention may lead to greater improvements in local pressure pain threshold, pain intensity and Central Sensitisation Inventory scores when compared to a control intervention in adults with CP, however these findings must be interpreted with caution as a large degree of heterogeneity was present in these results (I2: 84–94%). Further large, longitudinal studies are required using standardised QST measurement procedures and patient reported outcome measures to explore changes in nervous system sensitisation.

Trial registration

This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO, ID Number CRD42022380464.