bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical, neuroimaging, and behavioural risk factors for neurocognitive impairment in Chinese patients with haemophilia: A multicentre study
Authors: Cheung Yin Ting , Ma Chung Tin , Lam Henry Hon Wai , Ling Siu Cheung , Kwok Kevin , Li Chak Ho , Ha Chung Yin , Yip Sze Fai , Wong Raymond Siu Ming , Chu Winnie Chiu Wing , Li Chi Kong
Published: June 2023

Background

Few studies have evaluated the impact of subclinical microstructural changes and psychosocial factors on cognitive function in patients with haemophilia.

Objectives

To determine the prevalence and characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with haemophilia, and identify associated risk factors.

Methods

We recruited haemophilia A or B patients who were aged ≥10 years old from three public hospitals in Hong Kong. A neurocognitive battery was administered to evaluate their attention, memory, processing speed and cognitive flexibility performances. They also underwent magnetic resonance imaging to identify cerebral microbleeds. Validated self‐reported questionnaires were administered to assess their mental health status and adherence to prophylactic treatment. General linear modelling was used to investigate the association of neurocognitive outcomes with risks factors, adjusting for age and education attainment.

Results

Forty‐two patients were recruited (median age 32.0 years; 78.6% haemophilia A; 80.9% moderate‐to‐severe disease). Six patients (14.3%) had developed cerebral microbleeds. A subgroup of patients demonstrated impairments in cognitive flexibility (30.9%) and motor processing speed (26.2%). Hemarthrosis in the previous year was associated with worse attention (Estimate = 7.62, 95% CI: 1.92–15.33;p = .049) and cognitive flexibility (Estimate = 8.64, 95% CI: 2.52–13.29;p = .043). Depressive (Estimate = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.10–0.55;p = .023) and anxiety (Estimate = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.19–0.41;p = .0069) symptoms were associated with inattentiveness. Among patients receiving prophylactic treatment (71.4%), medication adherence was positively correlated with cognitive flexibility (p = .037).

Conclusion

A substantial proportion of patients with haemophilia demonstrated cognitive impairment, particularly higher‐order thinking skills. Screening for cognitive deficits should be incorporated into routine care. Future studies should evaluate the association of neurocognitive outcomes with occupational/vocational outcomes.
Technology and informatics in Australian health libraries
Authors: Siemensma Gemma , McDonald Daniel
Published: June 2023

Australia is no different to any other country in that information technology (IT) and the speed of its advancement has a huge impact on health care and therefore on health libraries. Australian health librarians are valuable members of health care teams and strive to integrate services and resources across hospitals. This article looks at the role Australian health libraries play in the broader health information landscape and the importance of information governance and health informatics as a tenet of the work undertaken by libraries. Of particular focus in this is the Health Libraries Australia/Telstra Health Digital Health Innovation Award, offered annually, to help focus on particular technological challenges. Three cases studies are explored demonstrating impact on the systematic review process, inter‐library loan system automation and a room booking service. Also discussed are the ongoing professional development opportunities, which help upskill the Australian health library workforce. Australian health libraries also face many challenges with piecemeal IT systems across the nation, resulting in lost opportunities. Also, many Australian health services do not have a qualified librarian on staff, which undermines information governance. However, resiliency shines through with strong professional health library networks working to challenge the status quo in an effort to improve the application of health informatics.
Fibrous ceramic membrane constructed by mullite whiskers for the treatment of oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Fu Jinxiu , Li Zichao , Wang Juan , Fu Qianlong , Wang Xiaoyu , Yan Pingke , Li Yongsheng , Li Shuang
Published: June 2023

Ceramic membranes with high porosity and excellent separation efficiency are necessary for the efficient treatment of large‐scale wastewaters. However, the conventional ceramic membranes are usually prepared by particles‐packing, which inhibits the advances of separation efficiency because of the low porosity and connectivity. Here, a fibrous ceramic membrane with mullite whiskers‐interlocked structure was prepared by gas‐solid reaction. The effects of aluminum fluoride (AlF3) on the formation and growth of mullite whiskers, and then the permeability and selectivity of the ceramic membranes were investigated. With the increase of AlF3 contents, the mullite phase evolved from needle‐like, rod‐like to flake‐like structure, thus the catalyst accelerated the growth of mullite whiskers in the diameter direction. For the ceramic membrane sintered at 1400°C, the porosity increased from 58% to 76% while the average pore sizes increased from 0.65 to 3.93 μm because of the whisker‐constructed structures. For the ceramic membrane sintered at 1450°C, the emulsion flux increased stably from 295 L/(m2·h) to 992 L/(m2·h) with the increase of trans‐membrane pressure, and the oil rejection exceeded 98%. Thus, this study provides a feasible strategy for the preparation of ceramic membranes with high porosity and excellent separation performances.
Insulin reduces the transmission potential of chikungunya virus and activates the toll pathway in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Rai Pallavi , Webb Emily M. , Kang Lin , Weger‐Lucarelli James
Published: June 2023

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that has re‐emerged globally over the last two decades and has the potential to become endemic in the United States due to the presence of competent mosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. CHIK disease is characterised by fever, rash, and joint pain, and causes chronic debilitating joint pain and swelling in >50% of infected individuals. Given the disease severity caused by CHIKV and the global presence of vectors to facilitate its spread, strategies to reduce viral transmission are desperately needed; however, the human biological factors driving CHIKV transmission are poorly understood. Towards that end, we have previously shown that mosquitoes fed on alphavirus‐infected obese mice have reduced infection and transmission rates compared to those fed on infected lean mice despite similar viremia in lean and obese mice. One of the many host factors that increase in obese hosts is insulin, which was previously shown to impact the infection of mosquitoes by several flaviviruses. However, insulin's impact on alphavirus infection of live mosquitoes is unknown and whether insulin influences mosquito‐borne virus transmission has not been tested. To test this, we exposed A. aegypti mosquitoes to bloodmeals with CHIKV in the presence or absence of physiologically relevant levels of insulin and found that insulin significantly lowered both infection and transmission rates. RNA sequencing analysis on mosquito midguts isolated at 1‐day‐post‐infectious‐bloodmeal (dpbm) showed enrichment in genes in the Toll immune pathway in the presence of insulin, which was validated by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). We then sought to determine if the Toll pathway plays a role in CHIKV infection of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes; therefore, we knocked down Myd88, a critical immune adaptor molecule for the Toll pathway, in live mosquitoes, and found increased CHIKV infection compared to the mock knockdown control group. Overall, these data demonstrate that insulin reduces CHIKV transmission by Ae. aegypti and activates the Toll pathway in mosquitoes, suggesting that conditions resulting in higher serum insulin concentrations may reduce alphavirus transmission. Finally, these studies suggest that strategies to activate insulin or Toll signalling in mosquitoes may be an effective control strategy against medically relevant alphaviruses.
Effect of La substitution on energy storage properties of (Bi0.2Na0.2Ca0.2Ba0.2Sr0.2)TiO3 lead‐free high‐entropy ceramics
Authors: Zhang Xue , Zhang Fan , Niu Yiwen , Zhang Zhiqiang , Bai Yu , Wang Zhanjie
Published: June 2023

In this study, a novel lead‐free high‐entropy ceramic (HEC) system, (Bi0.2Na0.2Ca0.2Ba0.2Sr0.2)(1–3x/2)LaxTiO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) (abbreviated as BNCBST‐xLa), was designed to enhance energy storage performance through La substitution and prepared via a hydrothermal method. Results indicate that La doping at A site in BNCBST induces lattice distortion and further improves dielectric relaxation. Moreover, grain growth is inhibited by the La content, which results in an increase in the insulation resistance and thus significant enhancement in the electric breakdown strength (Eb). Accordingly, the system with x = 0.03 exhibits an excellent recoverable energy density (Wrec) of 2.43 J/cm3 and a high energy storage efficiency (η) of 85.5% under a great Eb of 245 kV/cm, together with wide temperature stability (Wrec and η vary within ± 8.3% and ± 1.1% at 30–150°C). The findings of this study suggest that the obtained La‐modified BNBCST HECs are promising for energy storage applications.
Laser ablative patterning of B4C and MoAlB ceramics for hydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Ruiz Samuel , Yoo Yongchul , Wadle Luke , Chen Xin , Li Nan , Lu Yongfeng , Wohl Christopher J. , Wiesner Valerie , Cui Bai
Published: June 2023

Through a novel laser ablative patterning (LAP) process, the present work reported the increase in wetting contact angle of two ceramic materials, boron carbide (B4C) and molybdenum aluminum boride (MoAlB). The LAP technique employed picosecond laser pulses to form a crosshatch pattern with micropillars on ceramic surfaces. The wetting behavior of both ceramic surfaces was successfully transitioned from hydrophilic (θ < 90°) to hydrophobic (θ > 90°), which was related to Wenzel and Cassie–Baxter mechanisms. Parameters such as laser fluence and number of laser scans were varied to study their effects on ceramic surface characteristics. Lunar dust adhesion experiments were performed on these hydrophobic ceramic surfaces, which showed that the adhesion of lunar soil simulant dust particles was significantly reduced in the patterned B4C and MoAlB surfaces.
Strategy for improving the capacity and rate performance of LiNixCoyMn1−x−y electrode using Ti3C2Tx MXene additives
Authors: Ahn Yunhee , Kim Seulgi , Yuk Seoyeon , Hong Seokjae , Kim Hyungsub , Lee Dongju
Published: June 2023

With the expanding range of applications for lithium‐ion batteries, a great deal of research is being conducted to improve their capacity, stability, and charge/discharge rates. This study was performed to investigate the effects of MXene, which has a large surface area and metallic conductivity, as a conductive additive to the cathode, on electrochemical performance. The two‐dimensional material MXene constructs a conductive network with zero‐dimensional carbon black in plane‐to‐point mode to improve conductivity and contact area with active materials, thereby facilitating fast charge transfer. The conductive network reduces the internal resistance and polarization of the cathode and aids the diffusion of electrons. The electrode containing an appropriate amount of MXene showed improved rate performance, high discharge capacity (123.9 mAh g−1 at 4 C), and excellent cycle stability at a high scan rate (125.8 mAh g−1 at 2 C after 150 cycles) compared to pristine electrodes. Based on these results, Ti3C2Tx MXene is a promising conductive additive in the battery field.
Aprocitentan: A new development of resistant hypertension
Authors: Yao Yao , Fan Bin , Yang Bin , Jia Zixuan , Li Bao
Published: June 2023

As the blood pressure threshold for commencing antihypertensive treatment diminishes, the cohort suffering from resistant hypertension (RH) correspondingly expands. Notwithstanding the availability of known antihypertensive medications, there exists a conspicuous lacuna in therapeutic options specifically intended for the management of RH. Currently, aprocitentan is the sole endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) under development for addressing this pressing clinical challenge. Aprocitentan (ACT‐132577), deriving its active form as a metabolite of macitentan, demonstrates oral potency as a dual endothelin (ET) receptor antagonist. This compound effectively obstructs the binding of endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) to both ETA and ETB receptors, exhibiting an inhibitory potency ratio of 1:16. Clinical investigation of aprocitentan has advanced to phase 3 trials, yielding promising preliminary outcomes.
Pericardial fat and cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Al‐Makhamreh Hanna K. , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Al‐Harasis Layla M. , Albustanji Farah H. , Al‐Sayegh Thuraya N. , Al‐Harasis Sarah M.
Published: June 2023

Objective

Previous studies investigated the effect of pericardial fat on cardiovascular diseases. However, until now there was no systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated this association, thus we conducted this article to assess the relationship between pericardial fat and cardiovascular diseases.

Methods

We searched PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Google Scholar and Clinicaltrials.gov to select observational studies reported the relationship between pericardial fat and cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD), ventricular dysfunction, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), coronary artery calcifications (CAC), arrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation, and cardiovascular events prediction scores. Meta XL 5.3 was used for data analysis.

Results

A total of 83 articles that included 73,934 patients were included in our analysis. The results showed that pericardial fat was significantly associated with CAD (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.28–1.50), ventricular dysfunction (OR = 1.53 per 1 mm3; 95% CI: 1.17–2.01), HF (OR = 1.32 per 1 mm3; 95% CI: 1.23–1.41), AF (OR = 1.16 per 1 mm3; 95% CI: 1.09–1.24), MACE (OR = 1.39 per 1 mm3; 95% CI: 1.22–1.57), and CAC (OR = 1.15 per 1 mm3; 95% CI: 1.05–1.27). On the other hand, there was no enough data about the relationship between pericardial fat with arrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation or cardiovascular risk scores.

Conclusion

The analysis demonstrated that the relationship between pericardial fat volume and cardiovascular diseases was significant. Since pericardial fat is a good predictor of obesity, it suggests investigating its relationship and adds on effect to previously established risk factor to evaluate the possibility of incorporating it with cardiovascular risk scores.
“Enamel layering” using double‐layered enamel‐shade resin composites: The strategy to simulate the optical characteristics of human enamel
Authors: Harnirattisai Choltacha , Kuphasuk Watcharaporn , Ruengrungsom Chirayu , Naorungroj Supawadee , Sattabanasuk Vanthana
Published: June 2023

Objective

To evaluate the optical match between enamel and resin composites fabricated using mono‐layered and double‐layered techniques.

Materials and Methods

Enamel slabs were prepared from human upper incisors and canines. Mono‐layered composite replicas were prepared from seven Filtek Z350XT and Estelite Sigma shades using silicone molds prepared from the respective enamel surfaces. Translucent and enamel shades (A2 or A3) of the two materials were produced from incisor molds for double‐layered replicas, and the groups with the best results underwent accelerated aging. Spectrophotometric evaluation was performed using CIE color system. The differences in translucency (ΔTP) and color (ΔE00) between the enamel and paired composite replicas were calculated and analyzed using parametric statistics (α = 0.05).

Results

For the mono‐layered composites, white enamel and translucent shades of Filtek yielded the lowest ΔTP for canines (4.6) and incisors (8.9), respectively. The ΔE00 of mono‐layered replicas ranged from 5.1 to 11.8. Double‐layered Filtek replicas displayed a better 1‐day optical match with the lowest ΔTP (3.4–4.0) and ΔE00 (4.2–4.6), irrespective of each layer's thickness.

Conclusions

For canines, the lowest ΔTP of Filtek white enamel was close to the acceptable threshold (4.43). For incisors, the thicker translucent double‐layered Filtek composites demonstrated the greatest optical match before and after aging.

Clinical Significance

Upper incisors and canines have distinct enamel optical properties. Enamel layering using specific double‐layered resin composites could achieve a better optical match with upper incisor enamel.
How sociocultural contexts may shape the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on couples' relationships
Authors: Pietromonaco Paula R. , Overall Nickola C.
Published: June 2023

The COVID‐19 pandemic continues to affect couples worldwide who vary in sociocultural values, norms, and expectations, but most work examining connections between pandemic‐related stress and couples' relationships has been conducted in the US or similar Western cultures. Guided by the vulnerability‐stress‐adaptation (VSA) model (Karney & Bradbury, 1995), we present a revised theoretical framework for evaluating how sociocultural contexts may moderate the ways in which pandemic‐related stress risks poor couple functioning or promotes couples' resilience. We briefly describe the theoretical model and associated relationship research in the pandemic context and then evaluate how two illustrative sociocultural contexts (country/culture and race/ethnicity) might impact pandemic‐related external (disease risks and stress exposure) and internal (psychological distress and felt belonging) stress and adaptive relationship functioning. Our review reveals that much remains to be learned about how couples embedded in different sociocultural contexts have adapted over the course of the global pandemic and highlights key areas for future research.
Relationship between gluten availability and celiac disease prevalence: A geo‐epidemiologic systematic review
Authors: Jansson‐Knodell Claire L , Celdir Melis G , Hujoel Isabel A , Lyu Ruishen , Gardinier David , Weekley Kendra , Prokop Larry J , Rubio‐Tapia Alberto
Published: June 2023

Celiac disease is a global disease requiring genetic susceptibility and gluten exposure to trigger immune‐mediated enteropathy. The effect of the degree of gluten‐containing grain availability on celiac disease prevalence is unknown. Our objective was to compare country‐based gluten availability to celiac prevalence using a systematic literature review. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus until May 2021. We included population‐based serum screening with confirmatory testing (second serological study or small intestine biopsy) and excluded specific, high‐risk, or referral populations. We determined country‐specific gluten availability using the United Nations food balance for wheat, barley, and rye. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) frequencies were obtained from allelefrequencies.net. The primary outcome was association between gluten‐containing grain availability and celiac disease prevalence. Generalized linear mixed models method with Poisson's link was used for analysis. We identified 5641 articles and included 120 studies on 427 146 subjects from 41 countries. Celiac disease prevalence was 0–3.1%, median 0.75% (interquartile range 0.35, 1.22). Median wheat supply was 246 g/capita/day (interquartile range 214.8, 360.7). The risk ratio (RR) for wheat availability on celiac disease was 1.002 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0001, 1.004, P = 0.036). A protective association was seen with barley, RR 0.973 (95% CI: 0.956, 0.99, P = 0.003), and rye, RR 0.989 (95% CI: 0.982, 0.997, P = 0.006). The RR for gross domestic product on celiac disease prevalence was 1.009 (95% CI: 1.005, 1.014, P < 0.001). The RR for HLA‐DQ2 was 0.982 (95% CI: 0.979, 0.986, P < 0.001), and that for HLA‐DQ8 was 0.957 (95% CI: 0.950, 0.964, P < 0.001). In this geo‐epidemiologic study, gluten‐containing grain availability showed mixed associations with celiac disease prevalence.
Cerebrospinal fluid, brain, and spinal cord levels of L‐aspartate signal excitatory neurotransmission abnormalities in multiple sclerosis patients and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model
Authors: Errico Francesco , Gilio Luana , Mancini Andrea , Nuzzo Tommaso , Bassi Mario Stampanoni , Bellingacci Laura , Buttari Fabio , Dolcetti Ettore , Bruno Antonio , Galifi Giovanni , Furlan Roberto , Finardi Annamaria , Di Maio Anna , Di Filippo Massimiliano , Centonze Diego , Usiello Alessandro
Published: June 2023

The neuroinflammatory process characterizing multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with changes in excitatory synaptic transmission and altered central concentrations of the primary excitatory amino acid, L‐glutamate (L‐Glu). Recent findings report that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of L‐Glu positively correlate with pro‐inflammatory cytokines in MS patients. However, to date, there is no evidence about the relationship between the other primary excitatory amino acid, L‐aspartate (L‐Asp), its derivative D‐enantiomer, D‐aspartate, and the levels of pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in the CSF of MS. In the present study, we measured by HPLC the levels of these amino acids in the cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and spinal cord of mice affected by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Interestingly, in support of glutamatergic neurotransmission abnormalities in neuroinflammatory conditions, we showed reduced L‐Asp levels in the cortex and spinal cord of EAE mice and increased D‐aspartate/total aspartate ratio within the cerebellum and spinal cord of these animals. Additionally, we found significantly decreased CSF levels of L‐Asp in both relapsing–remitting (n = 157) MS (RR‐MS) and secondary progressive/primary progressive (n = 22) (SP/PP‐MS) patients, compared to control subjects with other neurological diseases (n = 40). Importantly, in RR‐MS patients, L‐Asp levels were correlated with the CSF concentrations of the inflammatory biomarkers G‐CSF, IL‐1ra, MIP‐1β, and Eotaxin, indicating that the central content of this excitatory amino acid, as previously reported for L‐Glu, reflects a neuroinflammatory environment in MS. In keeping with this, we revealed that CSF L‐Asp levels were positively correlated with those of L‐Glu, highlighting the convergent variation of these two excitatory amino acids under inflammatory synaptopathy occurring in MS.

image
Is there a relationship between internalized misogyny and premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in young women? A descriptive‐relational study
Authors: Erenoğlu Rabiye , Sözbir Şengül Yaman , Erenel Ayten Şentürk
Published: June 2023

Aim

This study utilized a descriptive and relational design to determine the relationship between young women's experiences of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea with internalized misogyny.

Methods

A total of 487 individuals were accessed. Data were collected through the “Personal Information Form” prepared by the researchers, the “Functional and Emotional Measure of Dysmenorrhea” the “Premenstrual Syndrome Scale,” and the “Internalized Misogyny Scale.”

Results

The internalized misogyny scale mean score had significant effects on the functional and emotional measure of dysmenorrhea mean score (p < 0.05). The internalized misogyny scale mean score was found to have a statistically significant effect on the premenstrual syndrome scale (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study found that young women's internalized misogyny was highly correlated with PMS and dysmenorrhea, and increased internalized misogyny also increased the severity of PMS and dysmenorrhea in young women.
Somatosensory tinnitus and temporomandibular disorders: A common association
Authors: Didier H. A. , Cappellari A. M. , Sessa F. , Giannì A. B. , Didier A. H. , Pavesi M. M. , Caria M. P. , Curone M. , Tullo V. , Di Berardino F. , Iacona E. , Lilli G. , Barozzi S. , Aldè M. , De Bortoli G. , Zanetti D. , Arnone F. , Bussone G.
Published: June 2023

Background

Although the association between tinnitus and temporo‐mandibular disorders (TMD) has been frequently reported, their rate of association in the literature shows a great variability.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of TMD in patients with somatosensory tinnitus and, vice versa, the occurrence of somatosensory tinnitus in patients with TMD.

Methods

The study included patients with somatosensory tinnitus (audiological group) and patients with TMD (stomatological group), evaluated at the audiologic and stomatologic clinics of the Policlinic Hospital of Milan, Italy. Common causes of tinnitus, such as hearing and neurological disorders, were excluded. A cervicogenic somatic tinnitus was also ruled out. Different TMD symptoms, including joint noise and joint pain, were considered. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistical methods, and the Pearson's Chi‐squared test was performed to study the prevalence of the different symptoms by clinical groups.

Results

Audiological group included 47 patients with somatosensory tinnitus. Overall, TMD was diagnosed in 46 patients (97.8%), including TMJ noise in 37 (78.7%), clenching in 41 (87.2%) and pain in 7 (14.8%) patients. Stomatological group included 50 patients with TMD, including joint noise in 32 (64.0%), clenching in 28 (56.0%) and TMJ pain in 42 (84.0%) patients. A somatosensory tinnitus was diagnosed in 12 (24.0%) patients.

Conclusion

Our study showed a high prevalence of TMD in patients with tinnitus, as well as a not uncommon occurrence of tinnitus in patients presenting with TMD. The distribution of TMD symptoms, such as joint noise, and joint pain was different between the two groups.
Publication performance and trends in bruxism research: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Al‐Moraissi Essam Ahmed , Ho Yuh‐Shan , Christidis Nikolaos
Published: June 2023

Background

Bruxism is an umbrella term that encompass a multidimensional spectrum of masticatory muscle activities.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to do a bibliometric analysis including citation performance in the research topic of bruxism, by using an innovative method including details of article title, author keyword, KeyWords Plus and abstracts.

Methods

The data were retrieved 2022‐12‐19 from the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection, and the online version of the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI‐EXPANDED) for studies published 1992 to 2021. To evaluate research trends, the distribution of keywords in the article title and author‐selected keywords were used.

Results

The search yielded 3233 documents in SCI‐EXPANDED, of which 2598 were of the document‐type ‘articles’ published in 676 journals. The analysis of the articles revealed that “bruxism/sleep bruxism,” “electromyography,” “temporomandibular disorders” and “masticatory muscles” are the most used keywords by the authors. Further, the most frequently cited study was published 9 years ago and handles the present definition of bruxism.

Conclusion

The most productive authors and those with the highest performance have some common features; they have several national and international collaborations; and they have published articles about the definition, aetiology/pathophysiology and prevalence of bruxism, all senior researchers in the field of TMD. Hopefully, based on this study, researchers and clinicians will have information to be stimulated to outline future research projects on bruxism‐related aspects, and to initiate new international or multinational collaborations.
Hypophosphataemia definitions, incidence and associated outcomes in paediatric intensive care: A retrospective cohort study in post‐cardiac surgical patients <2 years of age
Authors: Little Bridget S , Pinto Shalom R , Buckley David , Han Dug Y , Cormack Barbara E
Published: June 2023

Aim

Hypophosphataemia has been linked to higher morbidity and mortality in intensive care but there is inconsistency in the definition of hypophosphataemia for infants and children. We aimed to determine the incidence of hypophosphataemia in a group of at‐risk children in paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and associations with patient characteristics and clinical outcomes using three different hypophosphataemia thresholds.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of 205 post‐cardiac surgical patients <2 years of age admitted to Starship Child Health PICU, Auckland, New Zealand. Patient demographics and routine daily biochemistry for 14 days after PICU admission were collected. Rates of sepsis, mortality and length of mechanical ventilation were compared between groups with different serum phosphate concentrations.

Results

Out of 205 children, 6 (3%), 50 (24%) and 159 (78%) had hypophosphataemia at thresholds of <0.7, <1.0 and <1.4 mmol/L, respectively. There were no differences in gestational age at birth, sex, ethnicity or mortality in those with and without hypophosphataemia at any threshold. Children with a serum phosphate <1.4 mmol/L had more mean (SD) total hours of mechanical ventilation (85.2 (79.6) vs. 54.9 (36.2) h, P = 0.02) and those with mean serum phosphate <1.0 mmol/L had more mean hours of mechanical ventilation (119.4 (102.8) vs. 65.2 (54.8) h, P < 0.0001), episodes of sepsis (14% vs. 5%, P = 0.03) and longer length of stay (6.4 (4.8–20.7) vs. 4.9 (3.9–6.8) days, P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Hypophosphataemia is common in this PICU cohort and serum phosphate <1.0 mmol/L is associated with increased morbidity and length of stay.
Regulation of RIP1‐Mediated necroptosis via necrostatin‐1 in periodontitis
Authors: Tan Liangyu , Chan Weicheng , Zhang Jing , Wang Jiajia , Wang Zizheng , Liu Jie , Li Jiaxin , Liu Xinran , Wang Min , Hao Liang , Yue Yuan
Published: June 2023

Objective

To explore the mechanism of receptor‐interacting protein 1 (RIP1)‐mediated necroptosis during periodontitis progression.

Background

RIP3 and mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein (MLKL) have been detected to be upregulated in periodontitis models. Because RIP1 is involved in necroptosis, it might also play a role in the progression of periodontitis.

Methods

An experimental periodontitis model in BALB/c mice was established by inducing oral bacterial infection. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were used to detect RIP1 expression in the periodontal ligament. Porphyromonas gingivalis was used to stimulate L929 and MC3T3‐E1. RIP1 was inhibited using small‐interfering RNA. Western blotting, reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses were used to detect the effect of necroptosis inhibition on the expression of damage‐associated molecular patterns and inflammatory cytokines. Necrostatin‐1 (Nec‐1) was intraperitoneally injected to inhibit RIP1 expression in mice. Necroptosis activation and inflammatory cytokine expression in periodontal tissue were verified. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining was applied to observe osteoclasts in the bone tissues of different groups.

Results

RIP1‐mediated necroptosis was activated in mice with periodontitis. P. gingivalis induced RIP1‐mediated necroptosis in L929 and MC3T3‐E1 cells. After RIP1 inhibition, the expression levels of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and inflammatory cytokines were downregulated. After inhibiting RIP1 with Nec‐1 in vivo, necroptosis was also inhibited, the expression levels of HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines were downregulated, and osteoclast counts in the periodontal tissue decreased.

Conclusion

RIP1‐mediated necroptosis plays a role in the pathological process of periodontitis in mice. Nec‐1 inhibited necroptosis, alleviated inflammation in periodontal tissue, and reduced bone resorption in periodontitis.
The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis: From mechanisms to therapeutic strategy
Authors: Jiang Wentao , Wang Yujing , Cao Zelin , Chen Yifan , Si Chenli , Sun Xiaoyu , Huang Shengbin
Published: June 2023

Periodontitis is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tooth‐supporting tissue and has become the leading cause of adult tooth loss. The most central pathological features of periodontitis are tissue damage and inflammatory reaction. As the energy metabolism center of eukaryotic cells, mitochondrion plays a notable role in various processes, such as cell function and inflammatory response. When the intracellular homeostasis of mitochondrion is disrupted, it can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and inability to generate adequate energy to maintain basic cellular biochemical reactions. Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the initiation and development of periodontitis. The excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, imbalance of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial DNA damage can all affect the development and progression of periodontitis. Thus, targeted mitochondrial therapy is potentially promising in periodontitis treatment. In this review, we summarize the above mitochondrial mechanism in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and discuss some potential approaches that can exert therapeutic effects on periodontitis by modulating mitochondrial activity. The understanding and summary of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis might provide new research directions for pathological intervention or treatment of periodontitis.
Early 21st century penal reform: A comparative analysis of four states' responses to the problems of mass incarceration
Authors: Schoenfeld Heather , Campbell Michael C.
Published: June 2023

This manuscript uses data drawn from case studies of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Michigan from 2000 to 2006 in order to examine how different states responded to mounting problems caused by mass incarceration. Lawmakers and penal administrators inherited correctional systems that had at least doubled in size over the previous decade and faced budgetary problems, overcrowded conditions, and federal litigation. When economic pressures and the 2001 recession destabilized state budgets, state officials responded differently to these crises. While legislators remained committed to the carceral ethos that had driven prison expansion, some governors and penal administrators charged with managing state corrections systems began to consider new responses that moved away from prison expansion. As we show, executives and penal administrators in some states successfully implemented reforms by making changes to back‐end correctional processes. Their successes highlight the importance of autonomy from external pressures that allowed some administrators to respond to mounting problems in ways that reduced their state's reliance on imprisonment. These administrators deployed their correctional expertise to pursue policies that minimized political backlash. States lacking the necessary institutional structures and sufficient external pressures largely sustained the penal status quo.
Fieldwork with the Dead and Other Considerations: An Interview with Ashanté M. Reese
Authors: Aboii Sheyda M. , Reese Ashanté M.
Published: June 2023

Joining in virtual conversation, Ashanté M. Reese and Sheyda M. Aboii explore their engagements with Black feminist praxis and theory in their ethnographic fieldwork and emergent projects. Marking the start of the inaugural Black Feminist Health Science Studies (BFHSS) Collaboratory in May 2021, this edited interview between a professor and graduate student addresses perspectives on what it might mean to work alongside others and attend to methods of Black life and Black livingness. Together, Reese and Aboii consider refusal as a careful balance between documentation and redaction in their work. They also discuss fieldwork with the dead through altar making, practiced memorialization, and strategic remembrance. Their exchange concludes with a return to Black feminist guides for storytelling, witnessing, and living. Among other thematics, this exchange highlights the creative potential of generous collaboration in BFHSS and the attendant vulnerabilities that create the “something that feels shared” vital to medical anthropological inquiry.
Host genotype and microbiome associations in co‐occurring clonal and non‐clonal kelp, Ecklonia radiata
Authors: Vadillo Gonzalez Sebastian , Vranken Sofie , Coleman Melinda A. , Wernberg Thomas , Steinberg Peter D. , Marzinelli Ezequiel M.
Published: June 2023

A fundamental question in holobiont biology is the extent to which microbiomes are determined by host characteristics regulated by their genotype. Studies on the interactions of host genotype and microbiomes are emerging but disentangling the role that host genotype has in shaping microbiomes remains challenging in natural settings. Host genotypes tend to be segregated in space and affected by different environments. Here we overcome this challenge by studying an unusual situation where host asexual (5 clonal lineages) and sexual genotypes (15 non‐clonal lineages) of the same species co‐occur under the same environment. This allowed us to partition the influence of morphological traits and genotype in shaping host‐associated bacterial communities. Lamina‐associated bacteria of co‐occurring kelp sexual non‐clonal (Ecklonia radiata) and asexual clonal (E. brevipes) morphs were compared to test whether host genotype influences microbiomes beyond morphology. Similarity of bacterial composition and predicted functions were evaluated among individuals within a single clonal genotype or among non‐clonal genotypes of each morph. Higher similarity in bacterial composition and inferred functions were found among identical clones of E. brevipes compared to other clonal genotypes or unique non‐clonal E. radiata genotypes. Additionally, bacterial diversity and composition differed significantly between the two morphs and were related with one morphological trait in E. brevipes (haptera). Thus, factors regulated by the host genotype (e.g. secondary metabolite production) likely drive differences in microbial communities between morphs. The strong association of genotype and microbiome found here highlights the importance of genetic relatedness of hosts in determining variability in their bacterial symbionts.
Technological machines and artificial intelligence in nursing practice
Authors: Vasquez BrianA. , Moreno‐Lacalle Rainier , Soriano Gil P. , Juntasoopeepun Phanida , Locsin Rozzano C. , Evangelista Lorraine S.
Published: June 2023

This article is a theoretical discourse about technological machines and artificial intelligence, highlighting their effective interactive outcomes in nursing. One significant influence is technological efficiency which positively affects nursing care time, enabling nurses to focus more on their patients as the core of nursing. The article examines the impact of technology and artificial intelligence on nursing practice in this era of rapid technological advancements and technological dependence. Strategic opportunities in nursing are advanced, exemplified by robotics technology and artificial intelligence. A survey of recent literature focused on what is known about the influence of technology, healthcare robotics, and artificial intelligence on nursing in the contexts of industrialization, societal milieu, and human living environments. Efficient, precision‐driven machines with artificial intelligence support a technology‐centered society in which hospitals and healthcare systems become increasingly technology‐dependent, impacting healthcare quality and patient care satisfaction. As a result, higher levels of knowledge, intelligence, and recognition of technologies and artificial intelligence are required for nurses to render quality nursing care. Designers of health facilities should be particularly aware of nursing's increasing dependence on technological advancements in their practice.
Participant diversity in Psychophysiology
Authors: Kissel Heather A. , Friedman Bruce H.
Published: June 2023

The Society for Psychophysiological Research and accompanying journal, Psychophysiology, have increasingly incorporated diversity and inclusion into their posted values, conference programming, and science. Much of this focus on equity, diversity, and inclusion work has occurred since 2010. The current review content analyzed the articles published in Psychophysiology from 2010 through 2020 to determine if SPR and Psychophysiology's commitment to diversity and inclusion has resulted in changes to reporting and analysis of participant demographics. Demographic reporting practices were compared to APA reporting standards and the use of demographic variables assessed according to the guidance proffered in the introduction to Psychophysiology's 2016 Special Issue on Diversity and Representation. Results of the content analysis indicated near perfect reporting of biological sex and frequent reporting of average age. Age range and educational attainment were reported in over half of studies, while race or ethnicity were reported in only 17%. Socioeconomic status, income, gender identity, and sexual orientation were almost never reported. In over 60% of studies at least one major demographic variable was reported, but was not used in preliminary, main, or supplementary analyses as a covariate, moderator, or otherwise. SPR and Psychophysiology should continue advocating for increased reporting of major demographic variables and ethical analysis of demographic modulation of various psychophysiological mechanisms. We provide a preliminary template of reporting standards and call for the inclusion of more open science practices by psychophysiologists.
Identification of a new HLA‐DPB1 allele, HLA‐DPB1*1485:01, in an Italian bone marrow donor
Authors: Biagini Chiara , Fornaciari Silvia , Lamanna Roberta , De Gregorio Veronica , Curcio Michele
Published: June 2023

The novel HLA class II allele HLA‐DPB1*1485:01 is described.
Sustainability, Collective Self‐Regulation, and Human–Nature Interdependence
Authors: Kashima Yoshihisa , Sewell David K. , Li Yang
Published: June 2023

Like any organism, humanity constructs its niche and adapts to the rest of nature by modifying available materials around them. In the era that some have dubbed the “Anthropocene,” human niche construction has gone so far as to threaten the planetary climate system. The central question of sustainability is how humanity can collectively self‐regulate niche construction, that is, humanity's relationship with the rest of nature. In this article, we argue that to resolve the collective self‐regulation problem for sustainability, sufficiently accurate and relevant aspects of causal knowledge about the functioning of complex social–ecological systems need to be cognized, communicated, and collectively shared. More specifically, causal knowledge about human–nature interdependence—how humans interact with each other and the rest of nature—is critical for coordinating cognitive agents’ thoughts, feelings, and actions for the greater good without falling into the trap of free riding. Here, we will develop a theoretical framework to consider the role of causal knowledge about human–nature interdependence in collective self‐regulation for sustainability, review the relevant empirical research primarily focusing on climate change, and take stock of what is currently known and what we need to investigate in the future.
Restoration of function following traumatic superior eyelid avulsion in a horse treated with advancement flap blepharoplasty (H‐plasty) and subdermal hyaluronic acid filler
Authors: Lamkin Irini , Pugliese Brenna , Nystrom John , Fubini Susan L. , Knickelbein Kelly E.
Published: June 2023

Objective

To describe the successful restoration of superior eyelid function in a horse following traumatic avulsion using an advancement flap blepharoplasty and subdermal hyaluronic acid filler.

Animal Studied

A 21‐year‐old American Paint Horse stallion who was attacked by a fellow stallion resulting in numerous traumatic injuries including avulsion of approximately 75% of the left superior eyelid.

Procedures

With standing sedation and locoregional anesthesia, the superior eyelid wound was debrided and an advancement flap blepharoplasty (H‐plasty) and temporary tarsorrhaphy were performed. Routine healing of the surgical site occurred over the subsequent weeks, though lagophthalmos persisted. At 2 and 4 weeks post‐operatively, 2.4% cross‐linked hyaluronic acid was injected subdermally into the superior eyelid to attempt to improve corneal coverage. At 8 weeks post‐operatively, a complete blink was restored and the cosmetic outcome was good.

Conclusions

Injection of subdermal hyaluronic acid filler following eyelid injuries or blepharoplastic procedures that result in lagophthalmos can improve corneal coverage by the eyelids and allow for maintenance of a comfortable and visual eye.
Birefringence analysis of collagen supraorganization in cat corneas with tropical keratopathy
Authors: Tinasi Ana L. S. N. , Silveira Camila P. B. , Honsho Cristiane S. , Laus José L. , Aldrovani Marcela
Published: June 2023

Objective

To evaluate the birefringent properties of the cornea and examine the supraorganizational aspects of collagen fibers in cats with tropical keratopathy.

Procedure

In this study, 10‐micrometer‐thick sections of corneal tissue from cats with tropical keratopathy were examined, both in the opaque and transparent areas of the anterior stroma. Control samples were obtained from healthy cat corneas. Polarized light microscopy was employed to evaluate the birefringent properties using two distinct methods. The first method involved measuring the optical retardation associated with corneal birefringence, while the second method assessed the alignment/waviness of the birefringent collagen fibers. Differences were significant when p < .05.

Results

Tropical keratopathy resulted in a significant rise (p < .05) in optical retardation in both opaque and transparent regions of the cat cornea. In the anterior stroma, both the opaque zones and transparent tissue exhibited a higher degree of collagen fiber packing than the control corneas. However, no significant differences (p > .05) in alignment were observed between the transparent tissue of the diseased cornea and the healthy corneas.

Conclusion

Supraorganizational changes in collagen fiber packing are not restricted to lesion zones in cat corneas affected by tropical keratopathy. Such alterations also occur in the corneal tissue of the anterior stroma adjoining the lesions. Therefore, it is plausible that the transparent tissue of the anterior stroma in corneas affected by the disease may have functional abnormalities, despite its macroscopic healthy appearance. Additional investigations are required to clarify the implications of these potential defects and their conceivable contribution to tropical keratopathy.