bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Chemistry and Thermal Structure Models for the Hot Jupiter WASP-43b and Predictions for JWST
Authors: Venot Olivia , Parmentier Vivien , Blecic Jasmina , Cubillos Patricio E. , Waldmann Ingo P. , Changeat Quentin , Moses Julianne I. , Tremblin Pascal , Crouzet Nicolas , Gao Peter , Powell Diana , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Dobbs-Dixon Ian , Steinrueck Maria E. , Kreidberg Laura , Batalha Natalie , Bean Jacob L. , Stevenson Kevin B. , Casewell Sarah , Carone Ludmila
Published: February 2020

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is expected to revolutionize the field of exoplanets. The broad wavelength coverage and the high sensitivity of its instruments will allow characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres with unprecedented precision. Following the Call for the Cycle 1 Early Release Science Program, the Transiting Exoplanet Community was awarded time to observe several targets, including WASP-43b. The atmosphere of this hot Jupiter has been intensively observed but still harbors some mysteries, especially concerning the day–night temperature gradient, the efficiency of the atmospheric circulation, and the presence of nightside clouds. We will constrain these properties by observing a full orbit of the planet and extracting its spectroscopic phase curve in the 5–12 μm range with JWST/MIRI. To prepare for these observations, we performed extensive modeling work with various codes: radiative transfer, chemical kinetics, cloud microphysics, global circulation models, JWST simulators, and spectral retrieval. Our JWST simulations show that we should achieve a precision of 210 ppm per 0.1 μm spectral bin on average, which will allow us to measure the variations of the spectrum in longitude and measure the nightside emission spectrum for the first time. If the atmosphere of WASP-43b is clear, our observations will permit us to determine if its atmosphere has an equilibrium or disequilibrium chemical composition, eventually providing the first conclusive evidence of chemical quenching in a hot Jupiter atmosphere. If the atmosphere is cloudy, a careful retrieval analysis will allow us to identify the cloud composition.
Assessment of Systematic Uncertainties in the Cosmological Analysis of the SDSS Supernovae Photometric Sample
Authors: Popovic Brodie , Scolnic Dan , Kessler Richard
Published: February 2020

Improvements to the precision of measurements of cosmological parameters with Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are expected to come from large photometrically identified (photometric) supernova (SN) samples. Here we reanalyze the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric SN sample, with roughly 700 high-quality, likely but unconfirmed SNe Ia light curves, to develop new analysis tools aimed at evaluating systematic uncertainties on the dark energy equation-of-state parameter w. Since we require a spectroscopically measured host-galaxy redshift for each SN, we determine the associated selection efficiency of host galaxies in order to simulate bias corrections. We determine that the misassociation rate of host galaxies is 0.6%; ignoring this effect in simulated bias corrections leads to a w-bias of Δw = +0.0007, where w is evaluated from SNe Ia and priors from measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations and the cosmic microwave background. We assess the uncertainty in our modeling of the host-galaxy selection efficiency and find the associated w uncertainty to be −0.0072. Finally, we explore new core-collapse (CC) models in simulated training samples and find that adjusting the CC luminosity distribution to be in agreement with previous Pan-STARRS analyses yields a better match to the SDSS data. The impact of ignoring this adjustment is Δw = −0.0109; the impact of replacing the new CC models with those used by Pan-STARRS is Δw = −0.0028. These systematic uncertainties are subdominant to the statistical constraints from the SDSS sample, but must be considered in future photometric analyses of large SN samples such as those from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST).
The Redshift and Star Formation Mode of AzTEC2: A Pair of Massive Galaxies at z = 4.63
Authors: Jiménez-Andrade E. F. , Zavala J. A. , Magnelli B. , Casey C. M. , Liu D. , Romano-Díaz E. , Schinnerer E. , Harrington K. , Aretxaga I. , Karim A. , Staguhn J. , Burnham A. D. , Montaña A. , Smolčić V. , Yun M. , Bertoldi F. , Hughes D.
Published: February 2020

We combine observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array to assess the redshift and to study the star formation conditions in AzTEC2, one of the brightest submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the COSMOS field (

mJy). Our high-resolution observations confirm that AzTEC2 splits into two components (namely AzTEC2-A and AzTEC2-B) for which we detect [C ii] and 12CO(5 → 4) line emission, implying a redshift of 4.626 ± 0.001 (4.633 ± 0.001) for AzTEC2-A (AzTEC2-B) and ruling out previous associations with a galaxy at

. We use the 12CO(5 → 4) line emission and adopt typical SMG-like gas excitation conditions to estimate the molecular gas mass, which is

for AzTEC2-A, and a factor four lower for AzTEC2-B. With the infrared-derived star formation rate of AzTEC2-A (

yr−1) and AzTEC2-B (

yr−1), they both will consume their current gas reservoir within (30–200) Myr. We find evidence of a rotation-dominated [C ii] disk in AzTEC2-A, with a deprojected rotational velocity of

km s−1, velocity dispersion

km s−1, and dynamical mass of

. We propose that an elevated gas accretion rate from the cosmic web might be the main driver of the intense levels of star formation in AzTEC2-A, which might be further enhanced by gravitational torques induced by its minor companion (AzTEC2-B). These results strengthen the picture whereby the population of single-dish selected SMGs is rather heterogeneous, including a population of pairs of massive, highly active galaxies in a pre-coalescence phase.
The Fifth Candidate for an Intermediate-mass Black Hole in the Galactic Center
Authors: Takekawa Shunya , Oka Tomoharu , Iwata Yuhei , Tsujimoto Shiho , Nomura Mariko
Published: February 2020

We report the results of high-resolution molecular line observations of the high-velocity compact cloud HCN–0.085–0.094 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The HCN J = 4–3, HCO+
J = 4–3, and CS J = 7–6 line images reveal that HCN–0.085–0.094 consists mainly of three small clumps with extremely broad velocity widths. Each of the three clumps has a 5.5 GHz radio continuum counterpart in its periphery toward Sgr A*. The positional relationship indicates that their surfaces have been ionized by ultraviolet photons from young stars in the central cluster, suggesting the clumps are in close proximity to the Galactic nucleus. One of the three clumps has a ring-like structure with a very steep velocity gradient. This kinematical structure suggests an orbit around a point-like object with a mass of ∼104
M
⊙. The absence of stellar counterparts indicates that the point-like object may be a quiescent black hole. This discovery adds another intermediate-mass black hole candidate in the central region of our Galaxy.
Nine New Repeating Fast Radio Burst Sources from CHIME/FRB
Authors: Fonseca E. , Andersen B. C. , Bhardwaj M. , Chawla P. , Good D. C. , Josephy A. , Kaspi V. M. , Masui K. W. , Mckinven R. , Michilli D. , Pleunis Z. , Shin K. , Tendulkar S. P. , Bandura K. M. , Boyle P. J. , Brar C. , Cassanelli T. , Cubranic D. , Dobbs M. , Dong F. Q. , Gaensler B. M. , Hinshaw G. , Landecker T. L. , Leung C. , Li D. Z. , Lin H.-H. , Mena-Parra J. , Merryfield M. , Naidu A. , Ng C. , Patel C. , Pen U. , Rafiei-Ravandi M. , Rahman M. , Ransom S. M. , Scholz P. , Smith K. M. , Stairs I. H. , Vanderlinde K. , Yadav P. , Zwaniga A. V.
Published: February 2020

We report on the discovery and analysis of bursts from nine new repeating fast radio burst (FRB) sources found using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) telescope. These sources span a dispersion measure (DM) range of 195–1380 pc cm−3. We detect two bursts from three of the new sources, three bursts from four of the new sources, four bursts from one new source, and five bursts from one new source. We determine sky coordinates of all sources with uncertainties of ∼10′. We detect Faraday rotation measures (RMs) for two sources, with values −20(1) and −499.8(7) rad m−2, that are substantially lower than the RM derived from bursts emitted by FRB 121102. We find that the DM distribution of our events, combined with the nine other repeaters discovered by CHIME/FRB, is indistinguishable from that of thus far non-repeating CHIME/FRB events. However, as previously reported, the burst widths appear statistically significantly larger than the thus far non-repeating CHIME/FRB events, further supporting the notion of inherently different emission mechanisms and/or local environments. These results are consistent with previous work, though are now derived from 18 repeating sources discovered by CHIME/FRB during its first year of operation. We identify candidate galaxies that may contain FRB 190303.J1353+48 (DM = 222.4 pc cm−3).
De-noising SDO/HMI Solar Magnetograms by Image Translation Method Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Park Eunsu , Moon Yong-Jae , Lim Daye , Lee Harim
Published: February 2020

In astronomy, long-exposure observations are one of the important ways to improve signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns). In this Letter, we apply a deep-learning model to de-noise solar magnetograms. This model is based on a deep convolutional generative adversarial network with a conditional loss for image-to-image translation from a single magnetogram (input) to a stacked magnetogram (target). For the input magnetogram, we use Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) line-of-sight magnetograms at the center of the solar disk. For the target magnetogram, we make 21-frame-stacked magnetograms, taking into account solar rotation at the same position. We train a model using 7004 pairs of the input and target magnetograms from 2013 January to 2013 October. We then validate the model using 707 pairs from 2013 November and test the model using 736 pairs from 2013 December. Our results from this study are as follows. First, our model successfully de-noises SDO/HMI magnetograms, and the de-noised magnetograms from our model are mostly consistent with the target magnetograms. Second, the average noise level of the de-noised magnetograms is greatly reduced from 8.66 to 3.21 G, and it is consistent with that of the target magnetograms, 3.21 G. Third, the average pixel-to-pixel correlation coefficient value increases from 0.88 (input) to 0.94 (de-noised), which means that the de-noised magnetograms are more consistent with the target ones than the input ones. Our results can be applied to many scientific fields in which the integration of many frames (or long-exposure observations) are used to improve the S/N.
Detecting Interstellar Objects through Stellar Occultations
Authors: Siraj Amir , Loeb Abraham
Published: February 2020

Stellar occultations have been used to search for Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud objects. We propose a search for interstellar objects based on the characteristic durations (∼0.1 s) of their stellar occultation signals and high inclination relative to the ecliptic plane. An all-sky monitoring program of all ∼7 × 106 stars with R ≲ 12.5 using 1-m telescopes with 0.1 s cadences is predicted to discover ∼1 interstellar object per year.
In-situ Switchback Formation in the Expanding Solar Wind
Authors: Squire J. , Chandran B. D. G. , Meyrand R.
Published: February 2020

Recent near-Sun solar-wind observations from Parker Solar Probe have found a highly dynamic magnetic environment, permeated by abrupt radial-field reversals, or “switchbacks.” We show that many features of the observed turbulence are reproduced by a spectrum of Alfvénic fluctuations advected by a radially expanding flow. Starting from simple superpositions of low-amplitude outward-propagating waves, our expanding-box compressible magnetohydrodynamic simulations naturally develop switchbacks because (i) the normalized amplitude of waves grows due to expansion and (ii) fluctuations evolve toward spherical polarization (i.e., nearly constant field strength). These results suggest that switchbacks form in situ in the expanding solar wind and are not indicative of impulsive processes in the chromosphere or corona.
The Megamaser Cosmology Project. XIII. Combined Hubble Constant Constraints
Authors: Pesce D. W. , Braatz J. A. , Reid M. J. , Riess A. G. , Scolnic D. , Condon J. J. , Gao F. , Henkel C. , Impellizzeri C. M. V. , Kuo C. Y. , Lo K. Y.
Published: February 2020

We present a measurement of the Hubble constant made using geometric distance measurements to megamaser-hosting galaxies. We have applied an improved approach for fitting maser data and obtained better distance estimates for four galaxies previously published by the Megamaser Cosmology Project: UGC 3789, NGC 6264, NGC 6323, and NGC 5765b. Combining these updated distance measurements with those for the maser galaxies CGCG 074-064 and NGC 4258, and assuming a fixed velocity uncertainty of 250 km s−1 associated with peculiar motions, we constrain the Hubble constant to be H
0 = 73.9 ± 3.0 km s−1 Mpc−1 independent of distance ladders and the cosmic microwave background. This best value relies solely on maser-based distance and velocity measurements, and it does not use any peculiar velocity corrections. Different approaches for correcting peculiar velocities do not modify H
0 by more than ±1σ, with the full range of best-fit Hubble constant values spanning 71.8–76.9 km s−1 Mpc−1. We corroborate prior indications that the local value of H
0 exceeds the early-universe value, with a confidence level varying from 95% to 99% for different treatments of the peculiar velocities.
Une enquête ethnographique multi-située du militantisme pour la décroissance en France et au Québec
Authors: Pailloux Anne-Laure
Published: February 2020

Cet article présente une enquête ethnographique multi-située sur le militantisme pour la décroissance en France et au Québec en montrant la manière dont la chercheuse, localisée et positionnée, l’a construite. Le terrain d’enquête, défini comme le réseau d’interconnaissance étudié et non comme un espace borné, est décrit dans sa dimension spatiale à travers la notion de mobilité. Le caractère socialement situé de la démarche ethnographique est explicité par une réflexion sur les effets de l’étiquetage et le rôle des socialisations secondaires pour se maintenir au sein de son terrain d’enquête. Enfin, l’ethnographie multi-située, fondée sur une démarche microscopique, est présentée comme méthode permettant de mener une analyse multiscalaire des organisations et actions militantes.
De l’histoire comparée à la démarche multi-située : sur les traces des cadres sportifs africains
Authors: Nicolas Claire
Published: February 2020

Cet article montre l’intérêt d’associer démarche multi-située et histoire comparée afin de nuancer la narration historique et de faire émerger de nouvelles pistes d’analyse. Suivre des acteurs transnationaux qui ne font pas partie du domaine de la diplomatie étatique nécessite d’explorer des « archives fantômes » afin de nuancer une analyse comparative entre États. Cet article exemplifie l’usage croisé de données multi-situées, localisées en Afrique de l’Ouest, en Europe et aux États-Unis : entretiens biographiques et archives de fonds variés (États, universités et organisations internationales). L’observation de ces connexions et la nature plurielle des données collectées doivent permettre de retracer les flux qui se sont développés entre et en deçà des États. Cette démarche est illustrée au travers d’une étude de cas portant sur les trajectoires de spécialistes des sports ghanéens et ivoiriens pendant les décennies qui suivent les indépendances.
Suivre les morts : ressorts et portée d’une expérience d’enquête multi-située
Authors: Bossé Anne
Published: February 2020

Mobiles, situés en de multiples lieux et connaissant différents états et formes de présence, les morts sont un objet propice pour des approches multi-situées. Cet article revient sur une recherche conduite sur les rapatriements des morts qui, du fait de son objet et de la méthodologie déployée, est pertinente pour questionner les potentiels des approches multi-situées. En quoi cette recherche peut-elle être définie comme multi-située ? En quoi contribue-t-elle à la discussion théorique ou conceptuelle sur l’enquête multi-située ? L’article définit tout d’abord l’objet de la recherche qui repose sur la mise en relation, puis analyse les résultats relatifs à la thématique morts et migrations liés à son caractère multi-situé. Enfin, il montre comment cette enquête amène le chercheur jusqu’aux plateaux de théâtre ; ainsi, le déplacement du regard, recherché dès l’origine de l’enquête, va jusqu’à déplacer la nature de l’enquête et l’écriture elle-même.
In-Game Instructions: The Extent of Their Usefulness in Enhancing the Vocabulary Acquisition of ESL Learners
Authors: Tan Pei Qin , Tan Kim Hua
Published: February 2020

The contributions of video games to learning, including vocabulary acquisition, have been acknowledged over the past few decades. In-game instructions may account for the majority of such contributions. This study checks whether such instructions can pique the curiosity of participants and subsequently enhance their vocabulary acquisition. Ten 11 to 12-year-old pupils were recruited for a month-long video game experiment. Three instruments, including vocabulary tests, interview questions and observation checklists, were employed. The qualitative data were analysed to determine the key aspects of in-game instructions and how they enhance the vocabulary acquisition of these pupils. Findings show that not all participants have gained additional vocabulary from in-game instructions. Whilst all participants were interested in playing the video game, only four of them showed curiosity towards the in-game instructions. Therefore, the usefulness of in-game instructions fundamentally depends on the attitudes of players towards the game, the suitability of the language level being used in the game and the players’ demand for such instructions.
Development and Integration of E-learning Services Using REST APIs
Authors: Mowla Saleh , Kolekar Sucheta V
Published: February 2020

E-Learning systems have gained a lot of traction amongst students and academicians due to their flexible nature in terms of location independence, time, effort, cost and other resources. The rapidly changing nature of the education domain makes the design, development, testing, and maintenance of E-Learning systems complex and expensive. In order to adapt to the changing policies of educational institutes as well as improve the performance of students, the paper presents a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) approach to minimize the cost and time associated with the development of E-Learning systems. The paper illustrates the development of independent E-Learning web services and how they can be combined to implement the required policies of respective education institutes. The paper also presents a sample policy implemented using developed web services to achieve the required objectives.
Design of STEM Activities: Experiences and Perceptions of Prospective Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Daher Wajeeh , Awawdeh Shahbari Juhaina
Published: February 2020

STEM education is attracting the attention of researchers in the education of sci-ence, mathematics, technology and engineering, for it encourages school practices that prepare students for real life professions. An important aspect of STEM edu-cation is the design of STEM activities, for this design influences how the activi-ties mediate students’ experiences in the STEM classroom. In the present chapter, we suggest to consider this design in two lenses: The lenses of the activity in-quiry and the lenses of the integration of STEM subjects. We further describe ac-tivities built by secondary school prospective mathematics teachers who were part of a teacher education program for preparing graduate students who finished their first degree in mathematics, engineering or computer science. The prospective teachers designed the STEM activities in the frame of a didactic course called “The didactics of teaching secondary school mathematics”. The research results indicated that the prospective teachers found it difficult to write STEM activities according to the ‘discovery inquiry version’ or the ‘open inquiry version’. More-over, they found it difficult to write activities according to the third or fourth inte-gration types.
Improving Student Capabilities through Research-Based Learning Innovation on E-Learning System
Authors: Ratnawati Nurul , Idris Idris
Published: February 2020

A current higher education curriculum has shifted from a training and professional development model to a capability development model, from work-oriented to a life orientation, from a teaching paradigm to a learning paradigm. The logical consequence of this shift requires innovation not only in the form of instruments and digitization of learning but also in learning innovation in the learning process and student learning experiences. This study aims to design learning innovations using research-based learning models that are integrated through e-learning to improve student capabilities. This study used research and development method with a 4-D model. This study found that there was an increase in the quality of learning in social studies learning courses and an increase in student capabilities through a research-based learning approach implemented through the e-learning system.
Osteopontin and iCD8α Cells Promote Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Homeostasis
Authors: Nazmi Ali , Greer Michael J. , Hoek Kristen L. , Piazuelo M. Blanca , Weitkamp Joern-Hendrik , Olivares-Villagómez Danyvid
Published: February 2020

Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) comprise a diverse population of cells residing in the epithelium at the interface between the intestinal lumen and the sterile environment of the lamina propria. Because of this anatomical location, IEL are considered critical components of intestinal immune responses. Indeed, IEL are involved in many different immunological processes, ranging from pathogen control to tissue stability. However, despite their critical importance in mucosal immune responses, very little is known about the homeostasis of different IEL subpopulations. The phosphoprotein osteopontin is important for critical physiological processes, including cellular immune responses, such as survival of Th17 cells and homeostasis of NK cells among others. Because of its impact in the immune system, we investigated the role of osteopontin in the homeostasis of IEL. In this study, we report that mice deficient in the expression of osteopontin exhibit reduced numbers of the IEL subpopulations TCRγδ+, TCRβ+CD4+, TCRβ+CD4+CD8α+, and TCRβ+CD8αα+ cells in comparison with wild-type mice. For some IEL subpopulations, the decrease in cell numbers could be attributed to apoptosis and reduced cell division. Moreover, we show in vitro that exogenous osteopontin stimulates the survival of murine IEL subpopulations and unfractionated IEL derived from human intestines, an effect mediated by CD44, a known osteopontin receptor. We also show that iCD8α IEL but not TCRγδ+ IEL, TCRβ+ IEL, or intestinal epithelial cells, can promote survival of different IEL populations via osteopontin, indicating an important role for iCD8α cells in the homeostasis of IEL.
The immunosuppressive effects of volatile versus intravenous anesthesia combined with epidural analgesia on kidney cancer: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Efremov Sergey Mihailovich , Kozireva Victoria Sergeevna , Moroz Gleb Borisovich , Abubakirov Marat Nikolaevich , Shkoda Olga Sergeevna , Shilova Anna Nikolaevna , Yarmoshuk Sergey Valeriyevich , Zheravin Alexandr Alexandrovich , Landoni Giovanni , Lomivorotov Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: February 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the use of inhalational anesthesia leads to higher suppression of the cell-mediated immunity compared to total intravenous anesthesia in patients undergoing kidney cancer surgery under combined low thoracic epidural analgesia and general anesthesia. Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to either propofol-based (intravenous anesthetic) or sevoflurane-based (volatile anesthetic) anesthesia group with 10 patients in each group, along with epidural analgesia in both groups. Amounts of natural killer cells, total T lymphocytes, and T lymphocyte subpopulations in the blood samples collected from the patients before surgery, at the end of the surgery and postoperative days 1, 3, and 7, were determined by flow cytometric analysis. The natural killer (NK) cell count served as the primary endpoint of the study, whereas the total T lymphocyte count and cell counts for T lymphocyte subpopulations were used as the secondary endpoint. . Results: Our study showed that there were no significant differences in the amount of NK cells, total T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells, and T-helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and their subpopulations between the propofol- and sevoflurane-based anesthesia groups when the anesthesia was administered in combination with epidural analgesia. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study did not support the hypothesis that the use of inhalational anesthesia leads to higher suppression of the cell-mediated immunity than that of total intravenous anesthesia in patients undergoing kidney cancer surgery under combined low thoracic epidural analgesia and general anesthesia.
Multiple scalp metastases from pulmonary adenocarcinoma seen on fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Doudouh Abderrahim , Oueriagli Salah Nabih , Sahel Omar Ait , Benameur Yassir
Published: February 2020

Scalp metastasis from a primary visceral malignancy is an uncommon clinical entity. Here, we report a case of scalp metastases from lung cancer seen on fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography-computed tomography.
Graph Theory
Authors: Geelen Jim , Král' Daniel , Scott Alexander
Published: February 2020

Graph theory is a rapidly developing area of mathematics. Recent years have seen the development of deep theories, and the increasing importance of methods from other parts of mathematics. The workshop on Graph Theory brought together together a broad range of researchers to discuss some of the major new developments. There were three central themes, each of which has seen striking recent progress: the structure of graphs with forbidden subgraphs; graph minor theory; and applications of the entropy compression method. The workshop featured major talks on current work in these areas, as well as presentations of recent breakthroughs and connections to other areas. There was a particularly exciting selection of longer talks, including presentations on the structure of graphs with forbidden induced subgraphs, embedding simply connected 2-complexes in 3-space, and an announcement of the solution of the well-known Oberwolfach Problem.
Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Ernst Oliver , Nobile Fabio , Schillings Claudia , Sullivan Tim
Published: February 2020

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is concerned with including and characterising uncertainties in mathematical models. Major steps comprise proper description of system uncertainties, analysis and efficient quantification of uncertainties in predictions and design problems, and statistical inference on uncertain parameters starting from available measurements. Research in UQ addresses fundamental mathematical and statistical challenges, but has also wide applicability in areas such as engineering, environmental, physical and biological applications. This workshop focussed on mathematical challenges at the interface of applied mathematics, probability and statistics, numerical analysis, scientific computing and application domains. The workshop served to bring together experts from those disciplines in order to enhance their interaction, to exchange ideas and to develop new, powerful methods for UQ.
أثر عقد الزواج على ملكية الزوجين في الشريعة الإسلامية مقارناً بنظام الاشتراك المالي الأوروبي
Authors: أ.د. إلهام عبد الله باجنيد أ.د. إلهام عبد الله باجنيد
Published: February 2020

يتناول البحث طريقة الشريعة الإسلامية الحكيمة والمتوازنة في تنظيم الشؤون المالية في حياة الأسرة بين الزوجين، ومقارنتها بنظام الاشتراك المالي الأوروبي ( الفرنسي ) في هذا الشأن حتى يتضح جلياً الفارق الكبير بين تنظيم اللطيف الخبير بعباده {أَلاَ يَعْلَمُ مَنْ خَلَقَ وَهُوَ اللَّطِيفُ الْخَبِير}[الملك:14] وبين التنظيم البشري القاصر، الذي للأسف أخذت به بعض الدول الإسلامية رغم وضوح قصوره وتعارضه مع الشريعة الإسلامية في مناحي عدة، بل إن بعض الدول الإسلامية قررته كنظامٍ إلزامي لتسوية الأمور المالية بين الزوجين عند الموت أو الانفصال بالطلاق . وعليه فقد تضمن البحث ستة مباحث تناقش هذه القضية بمنهجيةٍ علمية تندرج تحت هذه المباحث مجموعة من المطالب كالآتي: المبحث الأول: الذمة المالية للزوجين، وتحته مطلبان: المطلب الأول: تعريف الذمة في اللغة والاصطلاح والمطلب الثاني: حق المرأة في التملك والتصرف في مالها . المبحث الثاني: مسؤولية الالتزامات المالية في عقد الزوجية . المبحث الثالث: أثر عمل المرأة على نفقتها المقررة شرعاً، وعلى إلزامها بالمشاركة في الإنفاق، وتحته ثلاثة مطالب: المطلب الأول: نفقة المرأة التي ارتبطت بعمل قبل عقد الزواج، ورضي بذلك الزوج، المطلب الثاني: عمل المرأة المتزوجة بدون إذن الزوج، المطلب الثالث: عمل المرأة إن كان من فروض الكفايات . المبحث الرابع: النظام الأوروبي في تنظيم المتعلقات المالية بين الزوجين عن طريق الاشتراك المالي بينهما، وتحته أربعة مطالب: المطلب الأول: مفهوم الاشتراك المالي بين الزوجين في النظام الأوروبي، المطلب الثاني: نطاق الاشتراك المالي بين الزوجين وحدوده، المطلب الثالث: عناصر الملكية المشتركة بين الزوجين في النظام المالي الأوروبي، المطلب الرابع: سلطة الزوجين على الأموال المملوكة ملكية مشتركة بينهما. المبحث الخامس: آراء العلماء في نظام الاشتراك المالي بين الزوجين . المبحث السادس: الآثار المترتبة على نظام الاشتراك المالي بين الزوجين، وتحته خمسة مطالب: المطلب الأول:أثره على العلاقة الزوجية، المطلب الثاني: أثره على تصرفات أحد الزوجين في المال المشترك، المطلب الثالث: أثره على العلاقة الزوجية في حال تعدد الزوجات، المطلب الرابع: أثره على التوارث بين الزوجين، المطلب الخامس: أثره على الرغبة في الزواج .
Сведение верхней оценки сложности задачи целочисленной факторизации к сложности задачи Диффи-Хеллмана
Authors: Cherepnev Mikhail Alekseevich
Published: February 2020

Построен вероятностный полиномиальный алгоритм, решающий задачу целочисленной факторизации с помощью оракула, решающего задачу Диффи-Хеллмана.
О действии оператора импликативного замыкания на множестве частичных функций многозначной логики
Authors: Marchenkov Sergey Seraphimovich
Published: February 2020

На множестве $P_k^*$ частичных функций $k$-значной логики рассматривается оператор импликативного замыкания - расширение оператора параметрического замыкания с помощью связки импликации. Доказано, что при любом $k\geqslant 2$ число импликативно замкнутых классов в $P_k^*$ конечно. При любом $k\geqslant 2$ в $P_k^*$ определены две серии импликативно замкнутых классов и установлено, что эти две серии исчерпывают все импликативно предполные классы. Найдены все 8 атомов решетки импликативно замкнутых классов в $P_3^*$.
О дистанционно регулярных графах с $c_2=2$
Authors: Makhnev Aleksandr Alekseevich , Nirova Marina Sefovna
Published: February 2020

Пусть $\Gamma$ - дистанционно регулярный граф диаметра 3 с $c_2=2$ (любые две вершины, расстояние между которыми равно 2, имеют ровно 2 общих соседей). Тогда окрестность $\Delta$ вершины $w$ в $\Gamma$ является частичным пространством прямых. Ввиду результата Броувера-Ноймайера либо $\Delta$ является объединением изолированных $(\lambda+1)$-клик, либо степень вершин $k\ge \lambda(\lambda+3)/2$, причем в случае равенства имеем $k=5, \lambda=2$ и $\Gamma$ является графом икосаэдра. А.А. Махнев, М.П. Голубятников и Го Вэнь-бинь изучали дистанционно регулярные графы $\Gamma$ диаметра 3, для которых граф $\bar \Gamma_3$ является псевдогеометрическим графом сети. Ими была найдена новая бесконечная серия $\{2u^2-2m^2+4m-3,2u^2-2m^2,u^2-m^2+4m-2;1,2,u^2-m^2\}$ допустимых массивов пересечений для таких графов с $c_2=2$. В работе доказано несуществование некоторых дистанционно регулярных графов из этой серии. Доказано также, что дистанционно регулярный граф с массивом пересечений $\{22,16,5;1,2,20\}$ не существует.
Os ribeirinhos no Arquipélago de Marajó e a luta pela permanência no território tradicionalmente habitado
Authors: Costa Eliane Miranda , Caetano Vivianne Da Silva Nunes
Published: February 2020

O arquipélago de Marajó desde a colonização tem sido palco de intensas e sucessivas disputas entre diferentes grupos pela ocupação e usufruto da terra e riquezas naturais. Neste estudo, evidencia-se a luta dos ribeirinhos, um grupo social do rio Mapuá, município de Breves, Marajó, Pará, pelo acesso, uso e permanência no território tradicionalmente habitado. Em conflito com os empresários da madeira, os ribeirinhos, ameaçados de serem expulsos, requereram junto ao governo federal a criação de uma Reserva Extrativista, a Resex/Mapuá, como condição para permanecerem em seu território. Seguindo os pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa, procuramos conhecer aspectos desse conflito, assim como discutir sobre a Resex e o uso do território na interface com a política territorial do Estado. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise documental. Tendo por referência o campo socioantropológico em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, analisamos os dados empíricos, os quais nos levam a evidenciar que a Resex-Mapuá, para os ribeirinhos, constitui-se em uma tática política de afirmação e reafirmação do direito de permanecer no território que tradicionalmente habitam e costuram seus modos de vida.
Influence of floaters and positional status on players’ tactical, physical, and physiological responses in soccer small-sided games
Authors: Praça Gibson , Barbosa Gustavo Fernandes , Murta Cristiano , Glória Teles Bredt Sarah Da , Barreira Daniel , Chagas Mauro Heleno , Greco Pablo Juan
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Small-sided games (SS G) with floaters are frequently adopted during the training process of soccer players. However, no study has previously investigated how the rules imposed to these additional players impact the physical, tactical, and physiological responses of the regular players. This study aimed to analyse the influence of the number of floaters on
players’ tactical behaviour, physical demands, and physiological responses in soccer SS Gs and to compare these variables between players with different positional statuses.

Methods

Overall, 32 U-13 (n = 16) and U-14 (n = 16) players participated in this study, performing four 4-minute 3 vs. 3 SS Gs in both 1-floater and 2-floater formats. The frequency of core tactical principles, time-motion variables, and heart rate were used to describe the game multifactorial phenomenon.

Results

Results showed an increased number of tactical actions of delays, defensive coverage, and width and length without ball actions in the 2-floater SS G without differences in physical demands or physiological response. Midfielders presented higher frequencies of penetration and offensive coverage, and lower frequencies of actions of width and length
without the ball. There were also higher physical and physiological responses in midfielders.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the 2-floater 3 vs. 3 format may be an important pedagogical strategy to promote a higher ball circulation pattern during SS Gs. Midfielders are the most demanded players tactically, physically, and physiologically in 3 vs. 3 SS Gs with floaters.
Absolute and relative peak power during pneumatic squat exercise using different percentages of loads in elite soccer players
Authors: Maior Alex Souto
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The study compared muscle peak power during pneumatic squat exercise with different percentages of load, corresponding to 80%, 100%, and 120% of body mass (BM), in male professional soccer players.

Methods

The study involved 40 male elite soccer players (25.2 ± 3.6 years; 179.6 ± 6.1 cm; 78.3 ± 5.2 kg; body fat 12.3 ± 3.3%) from a club of the Brazilian first division soccer league participating in national competitions organized by the Brazilian Soccer Confederation. Peak power was assessed by using a pneumatic squat machine (squat power test). The athletes applied different training loads during the squat power test (3 trials with 80% of BM followed by a 5-minute rest to perform attempts with 100% and 120%, respectively).

Results

The two-way ANOVA yielded main effects for group (F3,26 = 3.08, p < 0.04) and for timing of measurement F2,52 = 526.1, p < 0.0001), indicating a significant difference in the absolute peak power of goalkeepers when compared with defenders and midfielders at the loads corresponding to 80%, 100%, and 120% of BM. Intra-group comparison demonstrated a significant increase (p < 0.0001) in the absolute and relative peak power with loads corresponding to 120% of BM when compared with 80% and 100% of BM in all groups (defenders, goalkeepers, midfielders, and forwards).

Conclusions

The results confirm that loads corresponding to 120% of BM during pneumatic squat exercise contribute to greater absolute and relative peak power.
A multi-parameter evaluation of Paralympic swimmers in the training cycle before 2016 Paralympic Games
Authors: Rosa João Paulo Pereira , Silva Andressa , Rodrigues Dayane Ferreira , Menslin Rui , Araújo Leonardo Tomasello , Alves Eduardo Da Silva , Vital Roberto , Mello Marco Tulio De
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Paralympic athletes need physical, technical, and psychological training. The study aim was to monitor and compare multi-parameter variables during Paralympic swimmers’ training cycle before Rio 2016 Paralympic Games.

Methods

Internal training load, motivation levels, mood states, stress, and recovery were measured at 3 testing times (T1,T2, T3) in 11 Paralympic swimmers. Friedman and Wilcoxon post-hoc tests served to verify differences (p 0.05).

Results

No significant differences occurred in motivation and mood states; however, the athletes’ mood states followed the ‘iceberg mood profile’. In sources and symptoms of stress, a difference existed in the number of ‘worse than normal’ responses (p = 0.03) in T1>T3 (p = 0.05) and T2>T3 (p = 0.05). Considering the training load, there was a difference in total internal training load (p = 0.02), with T1 showing greater values than T3 (p = 0.02) and T2>T3 (p = 0.02). The questionnaire to measure the recovery-stress status presented significant differences in conflicts/pressure subscales (p = 0.01) in T1>T2 (p = 0.03) and T1>T3 (p < 0.01), and in fatigue (p < 0.01) in T1>T2 (p = 0.05) and T1>T3 (p = 0.01).

Conclusions

Internal training load decreased from T1 to T3; lowest stress symptoms were observed in T3 with the lowest internal load, and scales of conflicts/pressure and fatigue were highest in T1. Monitoring multi-parameter data in the training cycle may explain the psychobiological aspects of Paralympic swimmers and provide important information for coaches and athletes to meet the specific demands of impaired athletes.
Effect of interferential current therapy versus cryotherapy on knee pain in osteoporotic postmenopausal women: a single-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abdo Shiymaa M. , Nashed Azza B. , Hasanin Marwa E. , Yassin Reda E.S.
Published: February 2020

Introduction

Postmenopausal knee pain, due to lack of oestrogen, is an important medical and socioeconomic problem that affects the quality of life. The most important symptom is pain during walking. The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of interferential current therapy vs. cryotherapy on knee pain in postmenopausal women.

Methods

Overall, 30 postmenopausal women with knee pain, aged 50–60 years, were assigned randomly into 2 equal groups. Group A received interferential current therapy for 4 weeks, while group B received cryotherapy for 4 weeks. General knee pain severity, knee pain severity during walking, and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed before and after treatment through visual analogue scale, walking pain scale, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively.

Results

Statistical analysis revealed a significant reduction in knee pain severity generally as well as during walking and a significant increase of femoral neck BMD after treatment in both groups (p = 0.0001). When comparing both groups post-treatment, there was a highly significant reduction in knee pain severity generally as well as during walking (p = 0.0001) in favour of group A, while a statistically non-significant difference was observed in the increase in femoral neck BMD between the groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Interferential current therapy is more effective than cryotherapy in reducing the severity of knee pain, both generally and during walking, in osteoporotic postmenopausal women.
Attitudes regarding euthanasia among Wroclaw university students surveyed in 2011–2012
Authors: Choińska Anna Maria , Sadowska Ludwika , Bartosik Bożena , Gieysztor Ewa , Polczyk Artur , Filipowski Henryk , Demczyszak Iwona , Mess Eleonora
Published: February 2020

Introduction

The research was conducted to measure the views held by students towards euthanasia.

Methods

The opinions were recorded by using a survey with 12 statements and 5-grade Likert scale responses. The research involved 376 students: 168 students of physiotherapy and 103 students of nursing and midwifery from the Wroclaw Medical University, and 105 pedagogy students from the University of Lower Silesia.

Results

Most respondents considered euthanasia (65%) as an act of killing. The majority of students (around 90% from both universities) believed that the subject of death should not be removed from everyday life and that human death differed from that of an animal. Moreover, 63% considered death sacred and related it with hope for eternal life, although women were more willing to take part in hospice work than men.

Conclusions

In Poland, medical and education studies help develop attitudes of life protection from start to finish. The students of nursing and midwifery and of physiotherapy presented greater respect for life than students of education.
Mid-Holocene Antarctic sea-ice increase driven by marine ice sheet retreat
Authors: Ashley Kate E. , Bendle James A. , McKay Robert , Etourneau Johan , Jimenez-Espejo Francis J. , Condron Alan , Albot Anna , Crosta Xavier , Riesselman Christina , Seki Osamu , Massé Guillaume , Golledge Nicholas R. , Gasson Edward , Lowry Daniel P. , Barrand Nicholas E. , Johnson Katelyn , Bertler Nancy , Escutia Carlota , Dunbar Robert
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Over recent decades Antarctic sea-ice extent has increased, alongside widespread ice shelf thinning and freshening of waters along the Antarctic margin. In contrast, Earth system models generally simulate a decrease in sea ice. Circulation of water masses beneath large cavity ice shelves is not included in current models and may be a driver of this phenomena. We examine a Holocene sediment core off East Antarctica that records the Neoglacial transition, the last major baseline shift of Antarctic sea-ice, and part of a late-Holocene global cooling trend. We provide a multi-proxy record of Holocene glacial meltwater input, sediment transport and sea-ice variability which includes. Our record, supported by high-resolution ocean modelling, shows that a rapid Antarctic sea-ice increase occurred against a backdrop of increasing glacial meltwater input and gradual climate warming. We suggest that mid-Holocene ice shelf cavity expansion led to supercooling of surface waters and sea-ice growth which slowed basal ice shelf melting. Incorporating this feedback mechanism into global climate models will be important for future projections of Antarctic changes.
Event selection and two-stage approach for calibrating models of green urban drainage systems
Authors: Broekhuizen Ico , Leonhardt Günther , Marsalek Jiri , Viklander Maria
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The calibration of urban drainage models is typically performed based on a limited number of observed rainfall–runoff events, which may be selected from a larger dataset in different ways. In this study, 14 single- and two-stage strategies for selecting the calibration events were tested in calibration of a high- and low-resolution Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) of a predominantly green urban area. The two-stage strategies used events with runoff only from impervious areas to calibrate the associated parameters, prior to using larger events to calibrate the parameters relating to green areas. Even though all 14 strategies resulted in successful model calibration (Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency; NSE >0.5), the difference between the best and worst strategies reached 0.2 in the NSE, and the calibrated parameter values notably varied. The various calibration strategies satisfactorily predicted 7 to 13 out of 19 validation events. The two-stage strategies reproduced more validation events poorly (NSE <0) than the single-stage strategies, but they also reproduced more events well (NSE >0.5) and performed better than the single-stage strategies in terms of total runoff volume and peak flow rates, particularly when using a low spatial model resolution. The results show that various strategies for selecting calibration events may lead in some cases to different results in the validation phase and that calibrating impervious and green-area parameters in two separate steps in two-stage strategies may increase the effectiveness of model calibration and validation by reducing the computational demand in the calibration phase and improving model performance in the validation phase.
Negotiating 'Evil': Google, Project Maven and the Corporate Form
Authors: Crofts Penny , Van Rijswijk Honni
Published: February 2020

‘Don’t be evil’ was part of Google’s corporate code of conduct since 2000; however, it was quietly removed in April or May 2018 and subsequently replaced with ‘do the right thing’. Questions were raised both internally and externally to the organisation regarding the substantive meaning of this imperative. Some have highlighted the company’s original intentions in creating the code of conduct, while others have used the motto as a basis for critiquing the company—such as for its advertising practices, failure to pay corporate tax or the manipulation of Google-owned content. The imperative’s removal occurred at a time when thousands of Google employees, including senior engineers, signed a letter protesting the company’s involvement in Project Maven, a Pentagon program that uses artificial intelligence to interpret video imagery, which could in turn be used to improve the targeting capability of drone strikes. Employees asserted their refusal to be involved in the business of war and expressed their wariness of the United States government’s use of technology. This article will examine the legal construct and concept of the corporation, and whether it is possible for corporations to not be evil in the twenty-first century.