bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relict pine forests with Arctostaphylos uva-ursi in the Zhiguli Mountains (the Middle Volga Region)
Authors: Saksonov Sergey Vladimirovich , Bondareva Viktoriya Vladimirovna , Vasjukov Vladimir Mikhailovich , Keller Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: January 2021

The pine mountain forest with bearberry is a rare, relict and endangered phytocoenosis in the Middle Volga (Samara Region; Stavropol District). At present, they are distributed in a limited way and only in the area of the Zhigulevsky State Natural Biosphere Reserve named after I.I. Sprygin. On this territory, geobotanical relevs of plots with bearberry were performed. The ecological-phytocenotic and floristic characteristics of the phytocenosis from the position of Braun-Blanquet are given. Ecotopes are located on slopes of different steepness of the western and north-western exposure. The plant community forms several layers. The species composition is not rich. The dominant species are Pinus cretacea Kalen., Arctostaphyllos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., Carex pediformis C.A. Mey., Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce, Rhaponticoides ruthenica (Lam.) M.V. Agab. et Greuter, Asperula tinctoria L. Rare species: Arctostaphilos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., Astragalus zingeri Korsh., Euphorbia zhiguliensis (Prokh.) Prokh., Gypsophila juzepczukii Ikonn., Helianthemum nummularium Mill., Koeleria sclerophylla P.A. Smirn., Pulsatilla patens Mill., Thymus zheguliensis Klokov et Des.-Shost., that are listed in the Red Book of the Samara Region. In recent years, pine forests with bearberry have suffered greatly from fires and are in the stage of degradation. The uniqueness and relict nature of the bearberry phytocenoses in the Zhiguli Mountains requires their preservation.
The integrated assessment of socio-ecological tension in urbanized territories
Authors: Khasanova Rezeda Firgatovna , Suyundukov Yalil Tukhvatovich , Semenova Irina Nikolaevna , Rafikova Yuliya Samigullovna , Suyundukova Munira Basimovna , Ilbulova Gulnaz Razhapovna
Published: January 2021

The paper examines environmental problems of a city with a developed mining industry. Their influence on social stability, public health and demography, labor activity, migration, etc. was revealed. The methodology for assessing social and ecological tension for the city of Sibay in the Republic of Bashkortostan was tested, based on the approaches developed by I.A. Sosunova for the regions of Russia. The main materials for calculating the socio-ecological tension of the city were data from the analysis of information on the socio-economic and ecological state of the territory, conducting a sociological survey of the population, as well as assessing the ecological and geochemical state of the environment by a set of ecological indicators. All indicators were assessed using five-point scales. The final indicator was the index of social and ecological tension, which was determined by dividing the sum of points for the indicators under consideration by their number. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, it was revealed that the socio-ecological tension of the city of Sibay includes: Gorny (3,7) Yuzhny (3,2) Center (2,7) Gold (2,6) Eastern (2,4) Fishermans House (2,3) Arkaim (1,6). The use of the category of socio-ecological tension in the proposed interpretation makes it possible to identify sociological problems of behavior and society. The results of the study are recommended to be used for a comprehensive analysis of indicators for monitoring urbanized territories of a mining region, which determine its environmental safety and sustainable development, ranking the territory as well as a set of economically justified measures to include them in the programs of strategic development of the region.
The use of Landsat 8 remote sensing data for assessing the temperature conditions of the Larus ridibundus L. habitat
Authors: Shurakov Sergey Arkadyevich , Chashchin Aleksey Nikolaevich
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the possibilities of using Landsat 8 remote sensing data for assessing the temperature conditions of aquatic landscapes when studying the abundance and density of gulls. The study of the ornithological situation was carried out on the territory of the Perm international airport of the Perm Region, where the black-headed gull is an unfavorable factor in the safety of passenger aircraft flights. Within the boundaries of the region, 5 reservoirs were identified. A method for calculating the surface temperature from a multispectral satellite image of the Landsat 8 series is described in detail with the presentation of primary data sources, atmospheric parameters and obtaining raster coverage with a resolution of 30 meters per pixel. The tool used for the calculation is the Land Surface Temperature module of the QGIS software. The paper presents maps of temperature within the area of conducted ornithological surveys and the density of gulls. The densities of birds for individual bodies of water are calculated using the Spatial Analyst module of the ArcGIS program with the kernel density tool. According to the research results, a close correlation was established between the attractiveness of reservoirs for gulls and water temperature. The correlation coefficients were 0,83 and 0,71, respectively, with the abundance and density of gulls.
Colonial empires and USA policy in the South-East Asia after the 1945
Authors: Malkin Stanislav Gennadyevich , Buranok Sergey Olegovich , Nesterov Dmitriy Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2021

The following paper analyzes the characteristics of the US foreign policy decision-making process at the beginning of the Cold War, due to the active appeal of representatives of the political establishment, the military and the countrys expert community to the colonial experience of the European powers in terms of the prospects of applying their experience in ensuring colonial control in Southeast Asia before and after the end of the World War II as part of the US political course in this region. In addition, it is concluded that more attention should be paid to the role and, therefore, to the prosopographic profile of the experts (in the broad sense of the word), who collaborated with the departments responsible for the development of American foreign policy, such as the Department of State and the Pentagon, and formulated many of the conclusions, which, at least rhetorically, formed the basis of Washingtons course in Southeast Asia after 1945. Special attention is paid to interpretations of the role of colonial knowledge in the light of the unfolding Cold War in the third world, proposed by British diplomats and the military to their American colleagues in the logic of the special relations between Great Britain and the United States.
The system of additional education in the field of industrial safety
Authors: Panyshev Andrey Lvovich , Gorina Larisa Nikolaevna
Published: January 2021

The establishment of modern enterprises and modernization of production facilities at existing production facilities create a need for trained employees in various fields of activity. Taking into account the fact that the changes in information technologies and the current digitalization of the economy that permeates everywhere leave their mark on the requirements for personnel, the process of training necessary specialists is noticeably more complicated. Therefore, the issues of training qualified specialists for various industries are constantly in the focus of attention of both representatives of the educational community and employers. Moreover, the relevance of this topic for the latter is also becoming one of the conditions for competitive confrontation in the markets of products or services. It is obvious that a well-trained staff provides exactly a competitive advantage that allows the company to survive, and employers to make profit. A created staff of highly qualified employees makes it possible to ensure the successful operation of the organization on a permanent basis. The recruitment of employees of the enterprise occurs both due to the transfer of employees from other enterprises, and at the expense of graduates of higher educational institutions. In such conditions, in the absence of high-quality training systems for students at most universities, the importance of additional professional education increases.
Nuevas invisibilizaciones estatales de un fenómeno conocido: gobernanza sin un enfoque diferencial en situaciones de emergencia
Authors: Galvis Malagón Andrea , Basto Vergara Viviana
Published: January 2021

This research analyzes the governance and administration of the Colombian district and national government, regarding the migratory and refugee crisis, within the framework of COVID-19. Based on clinical work and regulatory provisions, from the concept of invisibility, as well as the governance of migrations with a differential approach, it was examined the district and national government’s capacity to manage solutions facing COVID-19, towards population in need for international protection. Thus, in the face of late and inefficient responses, the absence of a differential approach that perpetuates the invisibility of the migratory crisis and of refugees in pandemic was evident.
Face to Face
Authors: Bray Zoe
Published: January 2021

I draw on my experience of painting portraits to reflect on the Basque diaspora today. Whilst living in different countries, I have painted Basque individuals that I have met through Basque organizations, through common friends in the Basque Country, or through “non-Basque” people who introduce us presuming that as fellow Basques we have something in common. We are thus brought together through the networks that typically define a diaspora. At the same time, Basque identity in the diaspora, as I have come to understand - and paint - it, is a personal and contextual experience. In this article, I offer further - textual - information about the individuals I originally intended to just portray in paint, as part of the effort to render more richly today’s plural picture of the Basque diaspora.
Do Lung surfactant proteins play a role in severity of bronchiolitis
Authors: Biswal Niranjan , Poorna Rudhan Rachel
Published: January 2021

Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory viral infection in children under 2 years of age. The Surfactant Protein A and D (SP A and SP D) are collagen containing lectin (collectins) help in controlling pulmonary infections, inflammations; and allergies. Thus, these collectins might play a major role in severe bronchiolitis.

Thirty (n=30) severe and thirty (n=30) non-severe clinically diagnosed bronchiolitis infants with age and gender matched were recruited. The serum levels of SP A and SP D was quantified using ELISA.

The SP A levels were significantly reduced in severe cases (0.16ng/L ± 0.0028) compared to non-severe cases (0.17ng/L ± 0.0009) (p <0.0001) and SP D levels were significantly higher in severe cases (0.12ng/ml ± 0.001) compared to non-severe cases (0.10ng/ml ± 0.043) (p <0.05).

Reduced level of SP-A and the elevated level of SP-D was associated with severe pulmonary inflammation and infection in bronchiolitis. Thus variation in levels of SP-A and SP D might play a major role in the pathogenesis of severe bronchiolitis.
On the Convergence of Bochner-Riesz’s Spherical Means of Fourier Double Integrals
Authors: Grigoryan M. G. , Simonyan L. S.
Published: January 2021

In this paper we consider the convergence by measure of Fourier integral spherical means of Riesz at a critical exponent δ = 1/2 after changing the values of the integrable function on the given set of a small measure.
Non-linear Rayleigh-Benard Magnetoconvection in Temperature-sensitive Newtonian Liquids with Variable Heat Source
Authors: Aruna A. S. , Ramachandramurthy V. , Kavitha N.
Published: January 2021

The present paper aims at weak non-linear stability analysis followed by linear analysis of nite-amplitude Rayleigh-Benard magneto convection problem in an electrically conducting Newtonian liquid with heat source/sink. It is shown that the internal Rayleigh number, ther- morheological parameter, and the Chandrasekhar number in uence the onset of convection. The generalized Lorenz model derived for the prob- lem is essentially the classical Lorenz model but with some coecient depending on the variable heat source (sink), viscosity, and the applied magnetic eld. The result of the parameters' in uence on the critical Rayleigh number explains their in uence on the Nusselt number. It is found that an increasing strength of the magnetic eld is to stabilize the system and diminishes heat transport whereas the heat source and variable viscosity in-tandem to work system unstable and enhances heat transfer.
The Effect of Magnetic Field on Compressible Boundary Layer by Homotopy Analysis Method
Authors: Madhusudhan R. , Nargund Achala L. , Sathyanarayana S. B.
Published: January 2021

We analyse the effect of applied magnetic field on the flow of compressible fluid with an adverse pressure gradient. The governing partial differential equations are solved analytically by Homotopy analysis method (HAM) and numerically by finite difference method. A detailed analysis is carried out for different values of the magnetic parameter, where suction/ injection is imposed at the wall. It is also observed that flow separation is seen in boundary layer region for large injection. HAM is a series solution which consists of a convergence parameter h which is estimated numerically by plotting h curve. Singularities of the solution are identified by Pade approximation.
The website content as positioning strategy of the university in indonesia
Authors: Yusriana Amida , Pratiwi Mutia Rahmi , Mardiana Lisa
Published: January 2021

University of Indonesia is granted as the number one campus based on the Webometrics rank. It cannot be separated from the way University of Indonesia in building a strategic content for its website thus can fulfill the four points score indexes of webometrics such as Presence, Impact, Openness, and Excellence. Never theless the way the website serves the menu and information can build the right point of the scores. At the same time, Dian Nuswantoro University is granted as the 31st rank for the Webometrics index. Hence, by analyzing the website content of University of Indonesia, later it can be a guideline for Dian Nuswantoro University in developing a better content. This research uses the Positioning Strategy Theory. This is a descriptive quantitative research with a content analysis method. The results shows that the University of Indonesia uses the functional concept positioning strategy as its website content strategy.
Thermal Comfort Assessment and Heat-Related Illnesses among Sellers in Periodic Local Markets: A Case Study in Hot and Dry Climate of Iran
Authors: Rahimifard Hoda , Heidari Hamidreza , Mohamadbeigi Abolfazl , Soltanzadeh Ahmad , Mahdinia Mohsen , Jalilian Hamed
Published: January 2021

Background:This study aims to evaluate the thermal conditions of periodic local markets and determine the thermal comfort and sensation of sellers, as well as the prevalence of heat-related diseases in the hot and dry climate of Iran.
Methods:In this study, thermal comfort and sensation of 330 sellers from periodic markets in Qom city, a dry and hot climate in Iran, were evaluated. Measurements were performed for 15 days, from July 16 to August 1. To assess environmental thermal condition, wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index and discomfort index (DI) were determined, and participants' tympanic temperature was determined to consistency assessment with thermal indices. Finally, the effects of environmental, personal, and working conditions on the prevalence of heat-related diseases among sellers were determined.
Results:The environmental indices, including DI and WBGT index, had the most association with heat-related illnesses and tympanic temperature (P<0.05). The sellers perceived the environmental conditions as warm to hot after 1:00 pm. Besides, they expressed an uncomfortable or very uncomfortable situation after 12:00 pm. The findings showed that environmental parameters play a more important role in the prevalence of heat-related diseases and heat strain than individual and occupational factors.
Conclusion:The sellers may be at risk of heat stress in outdoor markets in nearly half of the workday in the summer months. Therefore, it is very important that these people receive the necessary training in the prevention of heat illness in order to take appropriate protective measures in accordance with local conditions.
Endodontic Management of Complicated Vertical Crown-Root Fracture in Deciduous Molars: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Kumari Richa , Kumar Neeraj , Gauba Krishan
Published: January 2021

Dental traumatic injuries most commonly occur in the primary and mixed dentition, but vertical complicated crown-root fractures are rarely seen in children. Clinical and radiographic examination of these injuries helps in accurate diagnosis and management. According to the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines, treatment usually involves extraction followed by placement of a space maintainer. Cases of complicated crown and root fracture in primary posterior teeth are often unnoticed by the clinician, at the time of injury. Two such patients are presented, who reported symptoms a few weeks after their accident. They were managed conservatively by initial stabilization with stainless steel crowns, followed by root canal therapy. This report highlights the need for referral to specialists and emphasizes the importance of conservative management of primary teeth to maintain functional demands.
Molecular Epidemiology and Phylogeny of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) Virus of Ixodid Ticks in Khorasan Razavi Province of Iran
Authors: Maghsood Hossein , Nabian Sedigheh , Shayan Parviz , Jalali Tahmineh , Darbandi Meysam Saboor , Ranjbar Mohammad Mehdi
Published: January 2021

Background: Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal disease caused by Nairovirus classified within the Bunyaviridae family. The virus is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected ticks or direct contact with viremic animals or humans. The current study aimed to detect the virus genome in ticks from Khorasan Razavi Province.
Methods: One hundred hard ticks were collected randomly from 100 sheep in four different areas of the province. Collected ticks were kept alive and identified. All the ticks were analyzed for the presence of CCHF virus genome using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR).
Results: The identified ticks were belonging to Hyalomma marginatum (16% female and 6% male), Rhipicephalus turanicus (52% female and 25% male), and Dermacentor raskemensis (1%). The CCHF virus genome was found in Hyalomma marginatum (5% male from Taibad and Sabzevar region and 1% female from Taibad). Genetic analysis of the virus genome isolated from two regions (Sabzevar and Taibad) showed 100% identity.
Conclusion: This study indicated that CCHF should be regarded as a risk-borne infection in this province. Therefore, special health management is needed to control this disease.
Analysis of General Surgical Consultations Requested From The Emergency Department in the Period of Pandemic and Non-Pandemic
Authors: ULUDAĞ Server Sezgin , GÜLERYÜZ Betül , İPEKCİ Afşın , ZENGİN Abdullah , ÖZÇELİK Mehmet
Published: January 2021

Objective: To investigate the emergency department admissions, the general surgery consultation request, and the necessity of immediate treatment of patients despite the fact that the society did not leave the house unless necessary during the pandemic period.

Methods: The files of patients who admitted to the emergency department and whose general surgery consultation was requested due to urgent surgical treatment were retrospectively scanned between March-May 2020, which is the Covid 19 pandemic period and March-May 2019, as a time period in which normal social life continues. Age, gender, complaints, comorbid diseases, the necessity of truly emergency surgical treatment as well as the socioeconomic level scale for each individual were recorded and analyzed.

Results: The rate of request for consultation was 2.7% (n = 170) in the pandemic period, and 3.1% (n = 316) in the non-pandemic period. In both periods, no statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of genders according to the treatment(p> 0.05). The complaints of the patients were similar in both periods, and the most common complaints were nausea-abdominal pain-difficulty defecation. Although individuals without comorbidities are predominant in both periods, the proportion of individuals with comorbid diseases was higher during the pandemic period (p = 0.001). Patients who did not require urgent treatment in both periods were in the majority. In patients requiring urgent treatment, the rate of the hospitalized patients was higher during the pandemic period, whereas the rate of the operated patients was higher in the non-pandemic period (p = 0.005). The majority of the patients had a low socioeconomic level and a small portion had a moderate socioeconomic level in both periods (p> 0.05). In addition, patients with a low socioeconomic level and 75 years of age or older who did not require urgent treatment were higher in the pandemic period (p = 0.002).

Conclusion: Although there is a significant decrease in the number of emergency department admissions and the number of general surgical consultations requested during the pandemic period, the fact that more than half of the patients who are consulted do not require emergency surgical treatment still shows the unnecessary use of emergency services.
Wybrane aspekty zarządzania obsługą klienta w erze transformacji cyfrowej gospodarki
Authors: Gwiaździński Emilian
Published: January 2021

W dobie wszechobecnych przemian wywołanych przez megatrendy rynkowe oraz cyfrową transformację, przedsiębiorstwa dostosowują się do nowych realiów rynkowych. Jako najważniejszy element rynku - klient - również uległ transformacji. Zarówno w zakresie konsumpcji, potrzeb oraz możliwości komunikacyjnych. Coraz więcej czasu spędza w internecie, w szczególności w mediach społecznościowych. Mając to na uwadze przedsiębiorstwa powinny uwzględnić to zjawisko zarówno w projektowaniu swojej oferty rynkowej jak i w całym procesie obsługi klienta.
Zastosowanie robotyki w magazynach
Authors: Jardzioch Adam
Published: January 2021

Robotyka i automatyzacja to technologie coraz szerzej wykorzystywane w operacjach realizowanych w łańcuchach dostaw. Obszarem, w którym wdrożenia w tym zakresie obserwuje się najczęściej to zarządzanie magazynem i prace manipulacyjne, jak również transport wewnętrzny. W niniejszym artykule, zdecydowano się na przedstawienie rozwoju robotyki i pokazanie jej roli w nowoczesnych magazynach współczesnych przedsiębiorstw. Artykuł przybliża funkcje robotów w poszczególnych rodzajach magazynów, wskazując również najnowsze dane liczbowe dotyczące wdrożeń tej technologii w skali globalnej. Wyliczone zostają również korzyści z zastosowani robotyki w magazynach i uwarunkowania jej wdrażania.
Análise da eficiência de reator anaeróbio com chicanas
Authors: Pais Silva Rebêlo Marcelle Maria , Gomes  Barboza Márcio
Published: January 2021

Diante do uso incondicional do recurso hídrico para a vida, tomando-se por base os aspectos do aumento do consumo, a diminuição das reservas disponíveis e o crescente aumento da poluição, fica evidente a importância de uma destinação eficiente para os efluentes líquidos domésticos. O sistema de tratamento do presente trabalho operava com efluentes segregados, a água cinza era direcionada para um tanque de equalização e as negras para um reator anaeróbio com chicanas de fluxo vertical com meio suporte, este foi adicionado após 1 ano de partida do sistema. Foram desenvolvidas atividades de monitoramento do sistema durante 5 meses. O reator anaeróbio (em escala real) em estudo possuía chicanas e meio suporte de casca de coco verde, sendo este sistema denominado de Reator Anaeróbio Horizontal com Chicanas (RACH). O reator demonstrou boa remoção de sólidos sedimentáveis, aproximadamente 94%. Quanto à DQO, sua eficiência de remoção ficou próxima a 62%, este resultado é satisfatório para um sistema de tratamento anaeróbio de efluentes com alta concentração de carga orgânica. Logo, o emprego da casca de coco verde como meio suporte e o desempenho do RACH, foi viável e satisfatório.
A fundamental relação entre os âmbitos doméstico e o público na habitação social
Authors: Rangel Nunes Orlando Vinicius , Guinancio Cristiane
Published: January 2021

A necessidade de condições adequadas de vida para a população, particularmente para os que vivem em áreas de vulnerabilidade social, é tema recorrente na literatura das ciências sociais aplicadas. Fatores como deficiência nas infraestruturas e nos serviços, exclusão do mercado imobiliário formal, segregação socioespacial e condições precárias de salubridade caracterizam esses territórios. A insegurança e hostilidade existentes tem resultado no afastamento da população dos espaços públicos e as residências se fecham para o exterior. Nesse contexto, o artigo tem como objetivo apontar a necessidade da relação entre os âmbitos doméstico e público como aspecto fundamental para a realização da vida dessas famílias. Para isso utiliza-se o método da pesquisa-ação, referenciando-se no percurso histórico da Habitação Social no Brasil e em conceitos e reflexões consolidadas, para aplicação em estudo de caso no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Os resultados alcançados evidenciaram a contribuição do resgate das conexões interior-exterior das moradias para a qualificação das condições de vida da população em situação de vulnerabilidade social.
Le Corbusier y Buenos Aires: geografía, historia y un diálogo con el "proyeto oficial"
Authors: Rigotti Ana Maria
Published: January 2021

Las propuestas de Le Corbusier para Buenos Aires, iniciadas con los esquisses realizados durante su viaje de 1929 a Sudamérica, se desarrollan entre 1937 y 1938 como Plan Director para Buenos Aires con la colaboración de los arquitectos argentinos Jorge Ferrari Hardoy y Juan Kurchan. Se porpone una lectura que hace énfasis en el paralelismo y el diálogo con el Proyecto Orgánico de la Comisión de Estética Edilicia, publicado en 1925, que le aportan recursos y los lineamientos de un programa. Entre los primeros se destaca el plano de José Bermúdez de 1713 que para Le Corbusier funcionará como un diagrama que rastrea en los orígenes una respuesta orgánica a las condicionantes de la posición y las características geográficas de la Ciudad y promueve su metamorfosis sobre las misma huellas pero para 4 millones de habitantes. El programa del Intendente Carlos Noel, al convocar a la mencionada comisión en 1922, funciona como una suerte de bitácora que, sobre principios en parte similares, permite confrontar soluciones arquitectónicas constrastantes porque, como concluimos, las grandes arquitecturas que permitirían una densidad de 3200 habitantes por hectárea, son el plan para hacer de Buenos Aires una pequeña Gran Ciudad.
Santa Luzia resiste
Authors: Souza de Andrade Liza Maria , Fanny Lenoir Juliette Anna , De Freitas Portugal Sofia , Rezende Fialho Átila
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar os processos participativos, a elaboração e a sistematização de padrões espaciais baseados em Alexander et al. (1977) e Andrade (2014), considerando as dimensões da sustentabilidade para construção do Plano de Bairro de Santa Luzia e do Projeto Habitacional das Mulheres Poderosas desenvolvidos pelo Grupo de Pesquisa e Extensão Periférico como alternativa Ã  proposta da Companhia de Desenvolvimento Habitacional ”“ CODHAB. Santa Luzia é uma ocupação urbana de 20 mil habitantes na Cidade Estrutural sem infraestrutura básica, na região onde havia o antigo Lixão que contribuiu para o progressivo aumento da população de catadores na faixa de tamponamento de 300 metros da Área de Relevante Interesse Ecológico, criada posteriormente Ã  ocupação urbana, nas bordas do Parque Nacional de Brasília. Para resolver os conflitos socioambientais a CODHAB desenvolveu um projeto habitacional que prevê 4 lajes sobrepostas ao longo de 3,2 quilômetros para receber cerca de 2400 unidades habitacionais. No entanto, a população não se sente contemplada, principalmente considerando as remoções de moradias de alvenaria, caracterizadas pela autoconstrução e padrões urbanos orgânicos emergentes. Os resultados do Plano de Bairro e do Projeto Habitacional elaborados em conjunto com a população reforçam a riqueza do desenho dos padrões espaciais e de acontecimentos existentes, e propõem soluções mais sustentáveis com hierarquia viária, infraestrutura ecológica e parque linear para fixação da população.
El sitio arqueológico de La Chincúa y la ofrenda del Plan de la Mesita, Chiapas
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Navarrete Carlos
Published: January 2021

The archaeological group La Chincúa-Plan de la Mesita is part of a complex of sites grouped around Cerro Bernal, a hill that dominates the narrowest intermountain section of the coastal route from Chiapas toward Guatemala across the Soconusco. La Chincúa’s settlement begins during the Late Preclassic, incorporates Teotihuacan influence during the Classic, and continues on as a religious and habitation center during the Postclassic. It is during this last period that La Chincúa’s neighboring site, Plan de la Mesita, becomes an elite burial ground; the textile manufacturing objects offering here analyzed comes from this context.
Análisis de áreas de actividad en el Grupo Guzmán de El Palmar, Campeche, México.
Authors:   Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico, Ceballos Pesina Xanti Sirani , Ortiz Butrón Agustín ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Barba Pingarrón Luis ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Vázquez Villegas Araceli ,   Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico, Tsukamoto Kenichiro ,   University of California, Riverside
Published: January 2021

The chemical residue analysis is a powerful method to identify specific activities took place on the plaster floor of a building which was gradually abandoned without leaving artifacts. We analyzed four structures of the Guzmán Group, a plazuela group of the El Palmar archaeological site, which was a residential compound of non-royal elites who held the title of lakam. The results together with other material evidence suggest that lakamob were engaged in a wide variety of activities that include food storage, consumption and serving, as well as feasting, meeting, and ritual.
Maíz y balché. Una revisión de la iconografía de los murales de Tulum
Authors:   Independent researcher, Yucatán, México, Pérez de Heredia Eduardo , Bíró Péter ,   Independent researcher, Hungary, Boucher Sylviane ,   Instituto Nacional de Antrolopología e Historia, Centro Yucatán
Published: January 2021

In this paper we present a review about the murals located in the Temples of the Descending God (Temple 5) and the Frescos (Temple 16) at the pre-Columbian city of Tulum, Quintana Roo. We first study some of the characters dressed as gods, as Chahk, K’awil, Quetzalcóatl, and Xólotl. Secondly, we analyze the ritual paraphernalia, mostly composed of ceramic objects in the form of effigy urns, incense burners, idols, containers with offerings of corn in different preparations, and large jars used to contain liquids, presenting correspondences with the archaeological record. Afterwards, we analyze the intertwined serpents, as well as the vegetal elements that we identify with the flower and fruits of balché tree. Finally, these data are integrated in order to interpret the meaning of the Tulum murals in relation to the practice of bending over the maize stalks in the autumn, and also to the first fruits harvest, which coincides with the flowering of the balché tree and the beginning of the harvest of tajonal honey in Yucatán.
Artes gráficas mayas precolombinas: consideraciones semióticas sobre el continuo escritura-imagen
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas,, Becquey Cédric
Published: January 2021

The writing-image association is one of the fundamental characteristics of art in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. This combination was particularly developed and used by the Maya for almost 20 centuries. Far from constituting only an artistic process, the joint use of these two modes of visual communication allowed the transcription of a very complex symbolic thought and was one of the main tools of the propaganda of the (political) power of the Maya elites. In this article, the main principles that govern the pre-Hispanic Maya scriptural and iconological systems will be exposed, especially insisting on the continuum comprised by text and image in their artistic expressions. Here will be particularly examined and discussed the swinging and mixing games between iconic or non-iconic figurativeness and symbolism in the construction of the signs used to generate meanings with which they entertain relationships of different kinds, often metaphorical, based on cultural conventions, rich of teachings for our understanding of the ancient Maya.
Retórica y organización del discurso en El ritual de los Bacabes
Authors:   Caholic University of Milan, Italy, Craveri Michela
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to study the rhetorical structure of the Ritual of the Bacabs, a colonial document of great importance in the context of Yucatec Maya literature. After a philological analysis, I will focus especially on the study of textual rhetoric and the marks of orality of this ritual document. I will also study the textual symbolism and networks of paronomasias, used to link diseases, body parts, animals and medicinal plants in the same healing action. The analysis of its rhetorical organization and the textual mechanisms of meaning production allows us to understand the functions of ritual language and the presence of a codified system of discourse. The basis of my theoretical approach is the convergence between rhetoric and semiotic study of discourse.
Administración y gasto de las cajas de comunidad en la Audiencia de Guatemala: el corregimiento de Quetzaltenango, 1790-1820
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos, Guatemala, Chiquín Selvin
Published: January 2021

This article deals with the institutional and economic development of the cajas de comunidad in the pueblos de indios (Indian towns) in Quetzaltenango, in the Audiencia of Guatemala, at the end of colonial era. It begins with an analysis of the main reforms that affected the community treasuries between the mid eighteenth century and the crisis of the monarchy. The sources of income and the outlays of the Indian towns are later discussed. The relevance of the study is its analysis of economic demands imposed by individuals from outside the Quetzaltenango jurisdiction, and the urgent needs of the monarchy, and, finally, the general view that it provides of the community funds in Quetzaltenango during three decades. Thus, the article underlines the importance of these funds in colonial Indian towns, the capitalization of the Spanish economy and the support provided to the monarchy by the Indian population in the early nineteenth century.
Cambios en el sistema de residencia, los grupos domésticos y la familia en Lacanjá Chansayab desde la teoría de control cultural
Authors:   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, México, Ochoa Fonseca Fredy Alfonso , Bello Baltazar Eduardo ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, México, Estrada Lugo Erin ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, México, Zamora Lomelí Carla ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, México, Suárez Gutiérrez Gloria Mariel ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, México
Published: January 2021

The matrilocal system of residence of the Lacandons of Lacanjá Chansayab, Chiapas, has been described by several authors as a fundamental cultural element that is still conserved. This system is associated to the social reproduction of the ethnic group and the sustainability of the Lacandon jungle. This form of organization transcends the residence group and combines the domestic group and the family. Through ethnography, this research shows how this form of organization, called vejo’ovex, has changed towards ambilocality. The article aims to discuss the causes and implications of such change which is framed in the theory of cultural control, focused on the material elements associated with territory and home. Three triggers of change are identified, the sedentary and subsequent land titling in the 70s, the immigration of Lacandons from other areas, and the conformation of family businesses dedicated to ecotourism. Among the conclusions found, the elements: territory, vejo’ovex and work, transit between appropriated culture to alienated culture, linked with transformations in the concepts of inheritance, property, residence, and family.
Conocimiento y aprovechamiento tradicional de vertebrados silvestres en la comunidad maya de Zavala, municipio de Sotuta, Yucatán, México
Authors:   Ekuneil Península de Yucatán, México, Nahuat Cervera Pedro E. , Estrada Riaño Indira Angélica ,   Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Peraza Romero Flor ,   Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Uitzil Collí Michael Oswaldo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Basora Dorantes Rommel Adán ,   Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México, Buenfil Morales Soemy de los Ángeles
Published: January 2021

The relationship between Mexican ethnic groups and wildlife is known by its use for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Particularly, in the Maya culture ornamental and ceremonial uses have been attributed to the fauna. Similarly, different beliefs, stories and legends have been developed around it. The studies conducted to document these relationships in the state of Yucatan are scarce; therefore this work was raised to determine the uses and beliefs of the wildlife in the Maya town of Zavala. 174 semi-structured interviews were conducted among men and women of different ages. The significant species were then divided into seven categories of use: food, medicine, pets, ornamental, ceremonial, mythical, and ominous. 54 species related with the worldview of the residents were identified, and divided into three classes, 20 orders, 38 families, and 54 genera. The birds were the most represented with 30 species, followed by Mammalia class with 19, and Reptilia with 5. Mammals were the group with the highest general use index. With this work, it was concluded that the inhabitants of Zavala preserve in their daily activities the ancestral uses and knowledge of the wildlife. Likewise, the information collected contributes to the knowledge of ethnozoology in Yucatán.
La antonimia léxica en los epigramas funerarios áticos del siglo IV a. C.
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Arteaga Conde Evelia
Published: January 2021

In this text, various kinds of lexical antonymy in some funerary epigrams from the 4th century B.C. will be analyzed with the intent of showing that this kind of opposition was an essential resource for developing their own style. The analysis of these lexical antonymies will be divided in two fields (without implying these two to be the only ones to present them): when what the deceased did and left in this life is highlighted; and when there is emphasis in some subject of the afterlife. This analysis will show that such oppositions depict ways of conceiving existence and behaving in it.
Claves y documentos para un Virgilio posmoderno: los años ochenta del siglo XX en España
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, García Jurado Francisco
Published: January 2021

In the eighties of 20th century, Vergil was interpreted from a precise and particular approach inspired by Nietzsche. This new vision could be categorized, basically, as the idea of death (Broch), the sickness of poetry (García Calvo), the commemoration (remembrance) of the bimillennium of his death (Colinas), his poetic rereading from a new aesthetics (Borges and Bernhard), the boom of verse translation (Fontán Barreiro) and, finally, the remarkable pictorial rereading of his Eneida (Carlos Franco). Therefore, this essay tries to give an account of a specific decade in Vergil´s historical reception.
Tiques et hémoparasitoses du bétail au Sénégal. V. La zone Nord-guinéenne
Authors: Gueye A. , Mbengue M. , Diouf A. , Sonko M.L.
Published: January 2021

Les auteurs rapportent les résultats d'une étude sur les tiques et les hémoparasitoses des bovins, des ovins et des caprins de la zone nord-guinéenne. Un détiquage systématique de 40 bovins, 40 moutons et 40 chèvres est effectué pendant 15 mois dans le but de déterminer la dynamique des populations et de préciser les sites préférentiels de fixation des différentes espèces suivantes récoltées sur ces animaux : Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus geigyi, Hyalomma truncatum, H. marginatum rufipes, Rhipicephalus sulcatus, Rh. senegalensis, Rh. lunulatus. Des études sont menées simultanément sur les hémoparasitoses par réalisation de frottis de sang et de splénectomies. Chez les bovins, sont mis en évidence : Anaplasma marginale, Ehrlichia bovis, Trypanosoma vivax, Theileria mutans, Theileria velifera. Les infections décelées chez les petits ruminants sont occasionnées par Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia ovina, Trypanosoma congolense, Theileria ovis. Les valeurs de l'hématocrite d'animaux apparemment sains sont étudiées, de même que les variations saisonnières de ce paramètre hématologique.
Présence de cétones dans le sérum de dromadaires (Camelus dromedarius) infectés par Trypanosoma evansi au Soudan
Authors: Hussein K.S.M. , Gasmir G.S.
Published: January 2021

Cent échantillons sanguins et deux échantillons d'urine prélevés chez des dromadaires (Camelus dromedarius) ont été analysés au Laboratoire de Recherche vétérinaire de l'Etat Oriental de Kassala, au Soudan, pour rechercher la présence de cétones. Les cinquante sérums provenant d'animaux infectés par des trypanosomes ont donné des résultats positifs. Sur les cinquante autres provenant de dromadaires non infectés, 45 présentaient des résultats négatifs. Les cinq échantillons restant positifs, l'étaient également au test du chlorure de mercure.
Etude expérimentale de l'intoxication des caprins par Pergularia tomentosa L
Authors: Abiola F.A. , Alogninouwa T. , El Bahri L. , Ali M. , Kaboret M. , Fayomi Benjamin
Published: January 2021

L'intoxication des ruminants par Pergularia tomentosa L. est souvent observée au Niger. Cette plante utilisée par les éleveurs pour le tannage végétal des peaux a été expérimentée chez des caprins. Les symptômes et les lésions obtenus d'une part et les résultats d'analyses chimiques d'autre part, suggèrent que P. tomentosa L. contient des tanins. En outre, la présence de principes ayant des effets sur le coeur est probable.
Traitement des tiges de maïs à l'urée et utilisation pour la production laitière en région productrice de café et de banane en Tanzanie
Authors: Chenost M. , Royer V. , Centrès J.M. , Gaillard F. , Davis J.
Published: January 2021

Les auteurs ont testé de 1988 à 1990 le traitement à l'ammoniac par hydrolyse de l'urée soit à l'échelle individuelle en fosse, soit à l'échelle de la coopérative en tas, des tiges du maïs cultivé sur le plateau Masaï en Tanzanie, ces dernières constituant une ressource indispensable en saison sèche dans le système fourrager des petits producteurs laitiers installés sur les pentes montagneuses de ces régions. Les modalités de traitements en fosse et en tas sont décrites en détail. Les résultats obtenus montrent une amélioration appréciable de la production laitière mais cependant inférieure à celle qu'on aurait pu attendre. L'intérêt du traitement à grande échelle reste à approfondir et à conforter sur les plans socio-économique et zootechnique. Il réside surtout, pour le moment, dans la simplification des opérations de collecte et de transport des tiges de maïs depuis leur lieu de production dans la plaine jusquà leur lieu d'utilisation en montagne.
Un gène de réduction de la longueur des cornes de la chèvre au Nord Cameroun et au Tchad
Authors: Lauvergne J.J. , Souvenir Zafindrajaona P. , Minvielle F. , Bourzat Daniel , Zeuh Voumparet
Published: January 2021

Les histogrammes des longueurs des cornes de deux populations de chèvres femelles adultes (39 au Nord Cameroun et 51 au Tchad) présentant un aspect plurimodal ont été soumis à une analyse qui a permis d’isoler 3 sous-populations de moyenne respectivement m1 = 16,00 ± 0,80 cm, m2 = 10,70 ± 1,70 cm et m3 = 4,60 ± 0,80 cm pour le Nord Cameroun, et m1 = 21,60 ± 2,60 cm, m2 = 14,80 ± 1,80 cm et m3 = 6,00 ± 0,00 cm pour le Tchad. Les deux populations semblent porter le même mutant de réduction de la longueur des cornes, provisoirement considéré comme autosomal à dominance intermédiaire et à pénétrance totale ou sub-totale. L’effet moyen de substitution de l’allèle muté par l’allèle sauvage est de 5,80 ± 0,45 cm au Nord Cameroun et de 7,18 ± 0,70 cm au Tchad, avec un rapport de réduction de 0,73, très proche de celui qui affecte la hauteur au garrot quand on passe du Tchad au Nord Cameroun (0,75). Le gène muté a été appelé HRr (reduced) au locus HR (Horn Reduction), l’allèle sauvage wild ayant pour symbole HR+. La fréquence q du gène muté a été estimée par le maximum de vraisemblance, en même temps que le coefficient de sélection s de l’hétérozygote, dans l’hypothèse où les coefficients qui affectent les homozygotes sont nuls. Par itération on obtient q =0,44 et s = 2,40. La supériorité des hétérozygotes sur les 2 homozygotes est donc très forte et on est en présence d’une situation d’équilibre stable où q prend une valeur proche de la valeur 0,50 attendue si les deux coefficients de sélection des homozygotes sont égaux.
Updated "state-society contract" as a way to rationalization of national projects in Russia
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Grabelnykh T.I. , Sablina N.A. , Parkhomenko A.N.
Published: January 2021

Researched are systemic aspects of the process of implementing national projects in Russia. Attention is focused on effectiveness of solving key problems of development of the public administration system in the context of the relationship between the state and society under modern conditions. The institution of public control in Russia is characterized through prerequisites of formation, organizational and legal status and main functions. The work defines the place and role of the institution of public opinion in the system of public administration and public control, substantiates its regulatory mechanisms, factors and agents of influence. In the aspect of systemic relationship between public administration and public control, the specificity of implementation of national projects in the transforming Russian society is revealed. A sociological vision of the “reset” of conceptual foundations of interrelationships between the public administration system and the institution of public control both at the stage of “entering” the space of national projects and in the process of their implementation is presented. It has been proved, that at the present stage the main integrating factor is consolidation of society through an updated "state-society contract". The analysis of historical and modern practices of public participation made it possible to draw a conclusion about the increase in the function of “co-management” of public control bodies in the interaction of state and public structures.