bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Microbiological and Radiological Tests in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Conditions of the Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Lesnic E. , Todoriko L.D. , Yeremenchuk I.V. , Shevchenko O.S. , Slyvka V.I.
Published: May 2024

The impact of the methods for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is perceived in the fastness in setting up the actions aiming to isolate the source infection and to treat it in due time.
Objective — to establish the role of microbiological and radiological tests in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in actual epidemiological context of tuberculosis associated to the COVID-19 pandemics (2020—2022).
Materials and methods. It was conducted a case-control study which included 172 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, as new case, distributed in two groups, the 1st group — 116 patients diagnosed through the radiological methods and the 2nd group — 56 patients, diagnosed through microbiological methods. Results and discussion. The main peculiarities of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis regardless of methods of investigation were male gender, low social and economic state and high prevalence of the harmful habits with impact on the health state. Patients diagnosed through the microbiological methods were residing more frequently in rural areas, with low accessibility to healthcare services, identified through a long-evolving symptomatology, late detection, expressiveness of the clinical symptomatology and a high rate of poor treatment outcome. Recommendations were established that systematic screening for tuberculosis should be performed in all social-vulnerable groups, fortified by the individualised therapeutic approach.
Conclusions. The case-control study identified that the main peculiarities of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis regardless of methods of investigation were male gender, low social and economic state and high prevalence of harmful habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Patients diagnosed through the microbiological methods were residing more frequently in rural areas, with low accessibility to healthcare services, concluded through a long-lasting symptomatology, late detected forms of tuberculosis, high expressiveness of the clinical symptomatology and severe evolution, followed by a high rate of poor treatment outcomes, including death. Patients diagnosed through the radiological methods were more frequently from urban sectors, from tuberculosis clusters, with comorbidities with high risk for tuberculosis sickness, such as HIV infection, diabetes and mental disorders which constituted included in active screening programs. The lack of positive microbiological assay results was the consequence of the unilateral and limited forms of pulmonary and determined a higher rate of treatment success rate.
Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Tuberculosis in Ukraine (Review)
Authors: Pikas O.B. , Semeniuk M.A.
Published: May 2024

The analysis of professional publications regarding the clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in contemporary conditions was conducted. Literature review indicates that tuberculosis remains a pressing issue in Ukraine, particularly amidst the conditions of military conflict and active hostilities. The characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in children and adolescents from areas of drug-resistant tuberculosis infection have been studied. The onset of MDR-TB in children is often acute, while in adolescents, it tends to be insidious. Children and adolescents are particularly susceptible to the development of MDR-TB. Annually, 1.1 million patients under the age of 15 are diagnosed with tuberculosis, with approximately 700 children dying from tuberculosis daily.The features of detection and course of clinical forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and the profile of drug resistance of the pathogen in different age groups were analysed based on literature data. In 2022, more cases of extrapulmonary and disseminated forms of tuberculosis were registered compared to 2019 — 15.6 % and 8.1 %, respectively. Pulmonary tuberculosis was detected in 34.7 % in 2019 and 38.9 % in 2022.In contemporary conditions, the spread and development of tuberculosis are influenced by HIV infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). HIV infection contributes to a tuberculosis epidemic, affecting the course and outcomes of its treatment. Stigmatisation regarding COVID-19 and fear of quarantine hindered and delayed patients seeking medical care, limiting their mobility and leading to a decrease in most medical services for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of tuberculosis.The situation in Ukraine (prevalence of HIV infection and COVID-19, military actions in the country, population migration, presence of refugees and internally displaced persons) has also contributed to the development and spread of tuberculosis, increasing the incidence and mortality rates from this disease, and progressing its burden. Among refugees, internally displaced persons and the population of territories where these individuals are located, tuberculosis, COVID-19 and HIV infection may concurrently spread.
Pengaruh Penggunaan APE Mobil Suku Kata Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Anak di Taman Kanak-kanak IT Al-Kautsar Kecamatan Lubuk Begalung Padang
Authors: Putri Cahyani Atika , Hartati Sri
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) meningkatkan kemampuan membaca anak (2) dapat menarik perhatian, minat, dan motivasi belajar, membuat siswa aktif, interaktif, meningkatkan pemahaman, serta proses pembelajaran dapat berlangsung secara menyenangkan dan optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah dapat dilihat dari nilai pre-test dan post-test kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen menunjukkan total skor pre-test 172 dengan rata-rata 11,47 dan total skor post-test 243 dengan rata-rata 16,20, diperoleh kenaikan 71 skor pada kelas eksperimen. Sedangkan kelas control menunjukkan total skor pre-test 169 dengan rata-rata 11,27 dan total skor post-test 218 dengan rata-rata 14,53, diperoleh kenaikan 49 skor pada kelas kontrol. Perbedaan selisih kenaikan skor pada kelas eksperimen dapat dijadikian sebagai analisis awal. Skor selisih pre-test dan post-test kelas eksperimen menunjukkan 71 skor dengan rata-rata 4,73, sedangkan pada kelas control menunjukkan selisih pre-test dan post-test 49 skor dengan rata-rata 3,27. Melihat perbandingan skor tersebut maka diperoleh peningkatan yang lebih tinggi pada kelas eksperimen dengan selisih 22 skor lebih tinggi.
Rancang Bangun Game Edukasi Pada Mata Pelajaran Informatika Kelas X SMK N 4 Padang
Authors: Hasnita Sri , Irma Delianti Vera , Hendriyani Yeka , Dwinggo Samala Agariadne
Published: May 2024

Game edukasi merupakan suatu permainan yang dirancang sebagai bahan belajar yang bukan hanya sekedar untuk menghibur. Melalui game edukasi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman seseorang dalam pembelajaran. Kelebihan utama game edukasi adalah memungkinkan pengguna melihat masalah secara nyata. Contoh game edukasi yang bersifat mendidik adalah game edukasi teka-teki silang. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan agar dapat mengembangkan aplikasi game edukasi sebagai media belajar mata pelajaran informatika dengan menggunakan software adobe animate. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis yaitu Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC). Tahap-tahap yang dilakukan yaitu Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing, dan Distribution. Berikutnya terdapat uji validitas media yang dilakukan oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Hasil uji validitas ahli media yaitu 0,97 dinyatakan “valid” sedangkan penilaian ahli materi diperoleh 0,96 dinyatakan “valid”. Respon penilaian pengguna dari siswa kelas X mendapatkan nilai praktis sebesar 90,87 dan termasuk ke dalam kategori “sangat praktis”. Tersedianya aplikasi pembelajaran berupa game edukasi teka-teki silang pada mata pelajaran informatika yang berfungsi sebagai alternatif sumber pendidikan yang dapat digunakan kapanpun.
PERSONALIDADE E O RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR EM PESSOAS COM DIABETES TIPO 2
Authors: Marques Jaciane Santos , Martínez-Riera José Ramón , Lopes e Silva Júnior Fernando
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus é uma das doenças crônicas mais complexas do ponto de vista psicológico, pois os aspectos psicológicos, incluindo o tipo de personalidade, podem influenciar em um pior prognóstico da doença, comprometendo a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, bem como mudanças nos hábitos de vida. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre personalidade e risco cardiovascular em pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 atendidas na Atenção Primária a Saúde.
Parasitological investigation of soil biotope in the territory of Moscow
Authors: Panova O. A. , Kurnosova O. P. , Krasnorogkina O. V.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the research is to conduct a sanitary and parasitological examination of soil biotopes on the territory of Moscow. In addition to traditional soil studies, we conducted coproscopic analyzes of samples of dog feces collected from the soil surface in Spring.

Materials and methods. 83 combined soil samples were taken in 9 administrative districts of Moscow using the envelope method at a depth of up to 10 cm. From each combined sample, 4 samples were taken and examined using the Romanenko method according to MUK 4.2.2661-10 “Methods of sanitary and parasitological research”. From the same areas where soil was collected, 365 dog fecal samples were collected. Feces were studied using a combined flotation method. Soil and fecal samples were taken in Spring of 2023 during a period of positive temperatures immediately after the snow melted. Microscopy was performed using a Motic BA410T microscope. Identification of the detected objects was carried out on the basis of morphometric data. Species differentiation of Toxocara canis and T. cati eggs was carried out based on differences in the size of the eggs and the structure of the outer shell.

Results and discussion. The city's soil is contaminated with pathogens of parasitic diseases in 9.3% of samples. Toxocara eggs were found (5.7%), of which T. canis in 3.9% of samples, and T. cati in 1.8% of samples. Eggs of Capillaria sp. detected in 1.5%, eggs of Trichuris sp. at 0.9%. Eggs of Hymenolepis sp. and coccidia were detected in 0.6% of samples. In dog feces, pathogens of parasitic diseases were detected in 3.3% of samples. Toxocara sp. eggs were found in 1.4% of samples, isospores in 0.8%, sarcocystis in 0.8%, Toxascaris leonina eggs in 0.3%. Toxocara sp. eggs are the leaders in the frequency of detection in the soil; these are mainly viable eggs with larvae. This is consistent with the data that T. canis eggs are most often recorded in anonymized dog feces. Eggs of Trichuris sp. and Capillaria sp. found in soil with formed viable larvae. The findings show the potential of urban soils as a parasite transmission factor for humans and susceptible animals, and dogs play a leading role in the contamination of urban soils with Toxocara sp. eggs.
The use of Flumethrin-, Moxidectin- and Pyriproxyfen-based drug in spray formulation against Ixodid and Acariform ticks in dogs and cats
Authors: Devyatyarova S. B.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the research is to study the efficacy of Flumethrin-, Moxidectin- and Pyriproxyfen-based spray against Ixodid and Acariform ticks in dogs and cats.Materials and methods. The therapeutic efficacy of a multicomponent spray against Ixodid and Acariform ticks was evaluated in dogs and cats in the Podolsk Experimental Production Base of the VNIIP – FSC VIEV on 140 animals naturally infected with Ixodid and Acariform ticks. The animals were divided into an experimental group and a control group of 10 animals each. The experimental dogs and cats were given the study drug while the control animals were not given the drug. Clinical examinations at ixodidosis in dogs and cats were performed at 24 and 48 hours, and at 3 and 5 days after the start of the experiment. In Acariformes parasitism, a control examination and microscopy of deep skin scrapings taken at the healthy and affected skin interface were made using a scalpel at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after the start of the experiment, in treatment of sarcoptic mange, notoedric mange and demodicosis as well as scrapings from the auricle (distal part of the acoustic canal) in otodectic mange.Results and discussion. It was found that Flumethrin-, Moxidectin- and Pyriproxyfen-based spray had high therapeutic efficacy when used once, externally, against ixodid tick, and in the auricle twice with a 7-day interval against otodectic mange and externally 2–4 times with a 7-day interval against notoedric mange, sarcoptic mange and demodicosis in various disease forms in dogs and cats.
INTEGRATION OF GREEN OPEN SPACES IN TOURISM ACCOMMODATION GLAMPING RICHLAND BATURITI BALI
Authors: Kerdiati Ni Luh Kadek Resi
Published: May 2024

Glamping tourism is currently experiencing rapid growth. This is because this type of tourism offers a unique natural tourism experience with modern and comfortable facilities. This research focuses on green open spaces at Richland Glamping Baturiti Bali. Richland Glamping Baturiti is a glamping accommodation that provides green open space in an area with beautiful natural beauty. This allows the development of optimal green open spaces harmoniously with the surrounding environment. Hopefully, this research can contribute to realizing glamping tourism, which provides a unique and exciting tourist experience, preserves nature and supports sustainable development. This research uses qualitative methods with the object of the Richland glamping case study in Bali, which has green open spaces. Primary data was collected through observation and documentation, while secondary data was obtained from the library. All information and data are analyzed using relevant theories and then explained descriptively. Glamping offers luxury accommodations in nature with a commitment to cleanliness and personal service. The green open space is designed with ecological principles to improve the quality of life, groundwater, and ecosystem balance. Through these environmental design principles, an analysis was carried out on the case objects of green open space at Glamping Richland Bali. The Richland Glamping Baturiti Bali case study shows how this principle can be applied by choosing the right plants and location, creating a harmonious and environmentally friendly experience for visitors.
GKChP and the regions of the Far East in the public discourse of the 2000s
Authors: Kovalenko Svetlana , Piskunov Sergey
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the events of the August 1991 coup in the public discourse of the 2000s. After the “dashing 90s”, a surge of public interest in this event occurred in 2021, thirty years after a group of managers attempted to change the course of history. The press actively participated in the discussion of the events. Moreover, journalists often made incorrect conclusions based on a biased assessment rather than on a real analysis. Based on press materials, the author examines the events of those years in the Far East and their impact on the development of the situation in the Russian Federation, focusing in detail on the position of the electorate and the authorities.
Traditional food practices in everyday life of the people of Karakalpakstan in 1960—1970
Authors: Seydametova Gulnara , Kurbanova Zemfira , Akimniyazova Gulnaz
Published: May 2024

One of the state’s priority goals at all times was the supply of the population with food. In the 1960s-1970s, the food issue in Karakalpakstan, despite the efforts made by the state, remained insufficiently resolved. The adherence to the traditional food behavior was closely related to the economic activities of the population, the natural and geographical conditions of its settlement and ethnocultural traditions. In this regard, a peculiar specificity, combining plant and animal products in the traditional food of the Karakalpaks, has been preserved for a long time.
Digitalization of coal industry enterprises in Russia: problem statement.
Authors: Solovenko Igor , Rozhkov Anatoly , Lizunkov Vladislav , Malushko Elena
Published: May 2024

The article shows the growth peculiarity of scientific interest in the digitalization of coal industry enterprises in Russia. The most important aspects include the weakness of the interdisciplinary approach, the lack of research not only in the world science, but also in the Russian science, the predominance of economic and technical research, thematic differences between the Soviet and post-Soviet times, the correlation with the emergence of breakthrough technologies and government intervention. It is concluded that it is necessary to expand the interdisciplinary approach and popularize the study of high technologies in historical science.
Rulers and Islam in the Golden Horde: based on materials from Timurid sources of the first half of the 15th century
Authors: Tulibayeva Zhuldyz , Tulibayev Temur
Published: May 2024

The article examines the process of Islamization in the Golden Horde based on materials from Timurid historiography of the first half of the 15 th century. The historical writings of Mu’in al-Din Natanzi, Mirza Ulugbek, Fasikh Ahmad al-Khawafi, and Kamal al-Din Abd al-Razzak Samarkandi and others allow us to research the role of the rulers of Ulus Jochi in the spread of Islam in the Eurasian steppes. Timurid sources note that Berke khan, Uzbek khan, Janibek khan, and Urus khan made the greatest contribution to strengthening the positions of the Muslim faith in a nomadic community.
Organization of salt business in Astrakhan province at the turn of the 19th—20th centuries (on the example of the Basinsk salt lakes)
Authors: Khairlapova Marina , Yudina Taisiya
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the issues of development by private industrialists of the southern salt lakes of the Astrakhan province - Basinsk. The authors studied the process of salt extraction on the Baku salt lakes from the delivery of the state property of the Astrakhan province to industrialists from the auction sites, lakes to the transportation of salt on the pier. The peculiarities of the relationship of salt producers with the management of state property are revealed, the reasons for non-fulfillment of obligations by salt producers are established, the results of the active activity of Astrakhan salt producers on the development of salt production at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries are presented. The article is based on archival materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Children expect people to accurately represent the minds of their close social partners
Authors: Woo Brandon Matthew , Yu Emma , Thomas Ashley J
Published: May 2024

Do children reason that people in close relationships accurately represent each other’s minds? In two experiments (total N = 123), we found that 7- to 9-year-old children from the US (i) reason that people who are close will accurately represent each other’s goals and desires and (ii) infer that people are socially close when they accurately predict each other’s emotional states. These findings suggest that children reason flexibly about mental state attributions within close relationships.
Is a seat at the table enough to safeguard mental health? A scoping review of the mental health and wellbeing impacts of youth participation and engagement
Authors: Donohoe-Bales Amarina , Teesson Lily , Smout Scarlett , Harding Sarah , Partridge Stephanie , Simmons Magenta , Mandoh Mariam , Barrett Emma , Guo Kailin , Meas Danica , Mautner Dominik , Yan Fulin , Al-Hadaya Imeelya , Teesson Maree , Bower Marlee
Published: May 2024

Background - Amidst a rapid growth in youth participation initiatives globally, such as government-initiated advisory groups, local representative councils, and youth-led activism groups, it is important to understand how being involved in youth participation roles can affect youth mental health and wellbeing. This scoping review comprehensively synthesises existing literature on the mental health and wellbeing outcomes associated with a broad range of youth participation activities, identifies key components of participation that lead to enhanced or diminished outcomes, and establishes knowledge gaps.Methods - Peer-reviewed and grey literature databases were searched to identify resources published between 1995-2023. Eligibility criteria included resources reporting qualitative and/or quantitative data on the mental health and/or wellbeing outcomes associated with participation activities among youth 15 to 24 years. Articles were double screened by two independent reviewers, with conflicts resolved by a third. Data on participation type and components, study methodology, population characteristics, and mental health and wellbeing outcomes were extracted, and results summarised narratively according to rigorous scoping review methodologies. Results - Database searches identified 57 peer-reviewed articles and 15 grey literature resources. Altogether, 72 resources were included in the review, comprising a total of 69,297 young people. Participating in civic engagement, volunteering, leadership and governance, and youth advisory councils generally led to positive mental health and wellbeing for young people, such as increased empowerment and reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms, while activism, political engagement, and involvement in research settings conferred mixed outcomes. Key components of participation that impacted mental health and wellbeing included clear and effective communication, observing program impact, supportive environments, and opportunities for skill building. Conclusion - This scoping review, co-produced with young people with lived experience of varied engagement initiatives, synthesises evidence to inform the design and implementation of safe, inclusive and mentally healthy youth participation. The review highlights key knowledge gaps with respect to underrepresented subpopulations, geographic regions and study methodologies.
Time and memory costs jointly determine a speed-accuracy trade-off and set-size effects
Authors: Liu Shuze , Lai Lucy , Gershman Samuel J. , Bari Bilal A
Published: May 2024

Policies, the mappings from states to actions, require memory. The amount of memory is dictated by the mutual information between states and actions, or the policy complexity. High-complexity policies preserve state information and generally lead to greater reward compared to low-complexity policies, which require less memory by discarding state information and exploiting environmental regularities. Under this theory, high-complexity policies incur a time cost: they take longer to decode than low-complexity policies. This naturally gives rise to a speed-accuracy trade-off, in which acting quickly necessitates inaccuracy (via low-complexity policies) and acting accurately necessitates acting slowly (via high-complexity policies). Furthermore, the relationship between policy complexity and decoding speed accounts for set-size effects: response times grow as a function of the number of possible states because larger state sets encourage higher policy complexity. Across three experiments, we tested these predictions by manipulating inter-trial intervals, environmental regularities, and state set sizes. In all cases, we found that humans are sensitive to both time and memory costs when modulating policy complexity. Altogether, our theory suggests that policy complexity constraints may underlie some speed-accuracy trade-offs and set-size effects.
Input device matters for measures of behaviour in online experiments
Authors: Warburton Matthew , Campagnoli Carlo , Mon-Williams Mark , Mushtaq Faisal , Morehead J. Ryan
Published: May 2024

Studies of perception, cognition, and action increasingly rely on measures derived from the movements of a cursor to investigate how psychological processes unfold over time. This method is one of the most sensitive measures available for remote experiments conducted online, but experimenters have little control over the input device used by participants, typically a mouse or trackpad. These two devices require biomechanically distinct movements to operate, so measures extracted from cursor tracking data may differ between input devices. We investigated this in two online experiments requiring participants to execute goal-directed movements. We identify several measures that are critically influenced by the choice of input device using a kinematic decomposition of the recorded cursor trajectories. This applied to both temporal and spatial variables, for example trackpad users showed greater reaction times but lower variability in movement directions when compared to mouse users. We believe there is a substantial risk that behavioural disparities caused by the input device used could be misidentified as differences in psychological processes. We urge researchers to collect data on input devices in online experiments and carefully consider and account for the effect they may have on their experimental data.
A Review of Using Participant Metadata and AI Simulations to Validate Fake Data in Social Science Research
Authors: Lam Chi Hung
Published: May 2024

Ensuring data integrity is crucial in social science research, particularly in psychology, where the validity of findings heavily relies on the authenticity of collected data. This review introduces a novel concept for detecting fake data by leveraging participant metadata and AI simulations. By having participants simulate their responses to questionnaires and comparing these with AI-generated responses, researchers can use statistical tests to identify inconsistencies indicative of fraudulent data. This method promises to enhance the robustness and credibility of social science research. This review outlines the theoretical foundation, potential applications, and challenges associated with this innovative approach.
Mapping and Analysing Suicide Locations of Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Khatri Dinesh , Ghimire Dashrath , Niraula Poshan
Published: May 2024

This research utilizes geospatial and statistical analysis to examine spatial patterns in suicide occurrences within the Lalitpur district of Nepal. The dataset comprises suicide locations collected from the Lalitpur Police Range (LPR) over a period of six fiscal years spanning from 2074/75 to 2078/79 (2017 AD to 2023 AD). Textual data undergo preprocessing and geocoding processes to derive locations for spatial analysis. The methodology employs Local Moran's I to identify spatial patterns and Getis Ord Gi* to identify hotspots and coldspots of suicide incidents. Due to location approximations, spatial analyses are conducted at aggregated levels, including administrative units (wards level) and 1km x 1km grids. The study reports the identified hotspots and coldspots based on these analyses.
Legal Protection of Customers Using Fintech Services from an Indonesian Positive Legal Perspective
Authors: Mahendra I Nyoman Yudi , Kurniawan  , Atsar Abdul
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine customer protection in fintech agreements from the perspective of Positive Law, focusing on the company's responsibilities towards customers who use fintech services. Utilizing normative legal research methods, the study identifies forms of legal protection available to customers engaging in fintech financing. There are two types of legal protection: preventive and repressive. Preventive legal protection includes measures for users of fintech services, particularly online lending and borrowing. Before any disputes arise, online loan service providers can take preventive actions. These efforts involve adhering to fundamental principles of legal protection for service users, as outlined in Article 29 of POJK Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 regarding Online Money Lending and Borrowing Services. These principles encompass transparency, fair treatment, reliability, data security, effective and efficient dispute resolution, and affordability. Repressive legal protection, on the other hand, addresses disputes that have already occurred, including administrative and criminal sanctions in cases of negligence by the fintech institution. Disputes in online lending and borrowing services can occur between users themselves or between users and service providers. Additionally, the legal position of Fintech Risk and Investment Management companies in Indonesia involves facilitating easier and more practical financial planning and monitoring. The responsibility of business actors is a legal obligation arising from agreements or contracts. Specific regulations are still required to enhance protection for customers of Fintech Risk Management and Investment services in Indonesia.
Morphological Variation in the Shape of Tongue: A Potential Geographical Marker
Authors: Soin Somya , Patel Dhwani , Sneha Susmit
Published: May 2024

Introduction- The human tongue is of great significance to forensic odontologists. It aids in identification. Studies about variations in the morphological shape of the tongue are extremely rare among pediatric populations. This study aimed to observe the morphological variations in the shape of the tongue among pediatric population of the age group of 10-13 years in Gujarat, India. It also aimed to determine the gender predilection for each type of the shape of the tongue. Research Methods- A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 children (n=400) of the age group of 10-13 years in a dental camp in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Visual examination and evaluation of the shape of the tongue was done individually for all the children followed by digital documentation and statistical analysis in Microsoft Excel 2019.   Results- Out of 400 subjects, 200 (50%) were males and 200 (50%) were females. Seven shapes of the tongue were observed that included- acute triangular, obtuse triangular, elliptical, round, rectangular, square and bifid tongue. Gender distribution was observed among all shapes of the tongue. The acute triangular tongue was predominantly found in 114 individuals (28.5%) of the entire study population that showed a female predilection. The non-syndromic bifid tongue was also observed in 48 individuals (12%) of the entire population with a male predilection. Conclusion- Gender distribution in the shapes of the tongue varies in different geographical locations. More such research studies need to be carried out among the pediatric populations of different regions of the world.
Pregnant Black Bodies in Peril: A Multi-Method Analysis of Obstetric Outcomes and Gestational Experiences
Authors:   , Williams Courtney
Published: May 2024

My multi-method three-paper dissertation provides a better understanding of the relationship between maternal racial identity, obstetric outcomes, and gestational experiences. Using birth certificate data from the 2016 U.S. National Vital Statistics System and binary logistic regression models, in the first paper I explore heterogeneity in severe maternal morbidity (SMM) by maternal race, maternal education, and maternal age. To complement the first paper, in the second paper I allow 35 Black and White women/birthing people to describe pregnancy, birth, and early motherhood in their own words. I situate the Covid-19 pandemic as a unique cultural backdrop in this qualitative paper to explore how racial self-knowledge shaped patient-provider interactions. Because I exclude women who had a pregnancy loss from the qualitative paper, for the third paper I focus on the relationship between frequency of pregnancy loss and self-rated health. I use linear regression and panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1997-2019) to investigate how pregnancy loss frequency impacts health, how the effect of pregnancy loss on health varies between Black and White women, and whether social context explains the difference in the pregnancy loss-health relationship for Black and White women. Collectively, the three papers in my dissertation make several notable contributions. Both methodologically and theoretically innovative, my dissertation is unique for the ways I: 1) Use a reproductive life course perspective to study pregnancy and birth; 2) Expose new forms of reproductive oppression in pregnant peoples’ experiences of risk, racial bias, and pregnancy loss; and 3) Center social policy initiatives that address persistent reproductive inequities. Motivated by a reproductive justice framework, my dissertation is a response to the health inequities plaguing Black mothers and a call to action to social scientists and medical experts who must address the harmful implications of racism.
The Influence of Stage of Ripeness on Consumer Perceptions Regarding Selected Aspects of Non-Astringent Asian Persimmons (Diospyros Kaki Thunb)
Authors:   , Mirabello Robert
Published: May 2024

"Asian Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is an important fruit crop in Asia and in recent decades has experienced expanding production around the world. Non-astringent cultivars are highly desirable in world markets. In the United States the Asian Persimmon is lesser known and consumed although it can be successfully grown in California and the Southeastern United States.This novel study examined the physical/chemical properties of the non-astringent Asian Persimmon ‘Jiro’ grown in Southern Louisiana at three distinct stages of ripeness described as Green (mid-September harvest), Light Orange (mid-October harvest) and Dark Orange (mid-November harvest). Data collected included color, weight, size, soluble solids, titratable acidity, firmness, total sugars, total acids, and aromatic qualities. A unique feature of this study was to correlate the results of the physical/chemical data with consumer’s perceptions of the fruit. A consumer/sensory study was developed to determine American consumers’ general perceptions and interest in non-astringent Asian Persimmon. Participants were asked to observe and sample the fruit at each state of ripeness and rate the fruit on visual qualities, aroma, sweetness, firmness and overall taste, acceptability and whether they would purchase the fruit if commercially available. The Green stage of ripeness was viewed negatively and considered “too firm” and “not sweet enough” by most participants although once the fruit was tasted there was a significant acceptability of the fruit. Participants demonstrated high acceptability and willingness to purchase non-astringent Asian Persimmon in the Light Orange and Dark Orange stages of ripeness. Total sugars increased with low levels of acid in each ripening stage that correlated with participants preference to sweeter fruit. As sweetness improved and the fruit softened, participants overall perceptions improved. Participants demonstrated preference to the Dark Orange stage of ripeness. Contrary to other studies, low concentrations of aromatic compounds were recognized at all ripeness stages and were not a factor in participants preference to the fruit. Discriminant analysis identified “overall liking” as the most critical variable influencing consumer interest in purchasing the fruit. These findings point to marketing strategies and promotion of non-astringent Asian Persimmon that includes sampling and taste testing to improve consumer interest."
Characterising Rainwash Nutrient Fluxes and Soil Nutrients under Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) and Lowland Rainforest: implications for Ecosystem Management
Authors: Ndakara Ofudjaye Emmanuel , Atuma Ifeanyi Morrison
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to ascertain the relationship between rainwash nutrient fluxes and soil nutrient properties under Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) and lowland rainforest for the purpose of sustainable ecosystem management. Both experimental and quasi experimental research designs were adopted. Samples from rainwash (for 12 months) and soil (from 0–15 cm and 15–30cm) were taken from 12 A. occidentale stands and 12 rainforests within 12 stratified quarters. Laboratory analyses of samples involved standard procedures, while data generated where statistically analysed. Results revealed that from A. occidentale and rainforest, fluxes of nutrients varied between throughfall (Tf) and stemflow (Sf), and between rainy season and dry season. The monthly nutrient fluxes by rainwash is such that Tf > Sf for both A. occidentale and native rainforest. The highest fluxes of nutrients by Tf occurred during dry months, with corresponding Sf fluxes were observed during rainy months. At 0.05 alpha levels, nutrient fluxes between Tf and Sf differed significantly; as well as between soil nutrient contents under A. occidentale and rainforest. Rainwash nutrients correlated positively and significantly with soil nutrients. Over time, A. occidentale add nutrients to soil through rainwash, therefore its cultivation is recommended for agro-forestry and sustainable ecosystem management.
ANOMALIA OU PODRIDÃO DE VAGENS E GRÃOS EM SOJA? EIS A QUESTÃO
Authors: Santos Carlos Guilherme Theodoro dos , Verçosa Ana Gabriela Araújo , Araújo Douglas Sobral de , Fachinello Maria Cecilia , Bonaldo Solange Maria
Published: May 2024

A cultura da soja está entre as principais atividades econômicas brasileiras. Com aumento de área cultivada principalmente em sistemas de sucessão soja-milho, ocorreu aumento no número de doenças e da severidade destas. Nas últimas safras produtores agrícolas da região médio-norte de Mato Grosso relatam novos casos de áreas acometidas pelo que foi denominado pelos produtores de anomalia da soja, por consequência da má formação de sementes, abertura de vagens, germinação de sementes e alta incidência de grãos avariados acarretando perdas significativas. Desde a safra 2019/2020 empresas e pesquisadores procuram entender e diagnosticar a anomalia. Este estudo, buscou abordagens que pudessem agregar em contribuições favoráveis ao problema com o objetivo de investigar possíveis causas e encontrar mais respostas sobre o fato. Utilizando de ferramentas de buscas, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico sobre a anomalia e os fatores associados a essa enfermidade. Foi concluído que muitos são os fatores que contribuem para a severidade da anomalia, desde ambientais a genéticos. Pouco se sabe e nada pode se afirmar sobre a causa de tal problema, investiga-se que sejam agentes etiológicos descritos e não descritos na literatura, sendo assim pesquisas de campo e o Postulado de Koch precisam ser realizados para comprovarem-se as teorias.
Palavras-chave: abertura de vagens; apodrecimento; Mato Grosso; patógenos.
 
Anomaly or pod and grain rot in soybean? That is the Question
 
ABSTRACT: Soybean cultivation is among the main economic activities in Brazil. With the increase in cultivated area, mainly in soybean-corn succession systems, there was an increase in the number of diseases and their severity. In recent harvests, farmers of the Mid-Northern region of Mato Grosso have reported new cases of areas affected by what was called by producers of soybean anomaly, because of poor grain formation, pod opening, seed germination and high incidences of damaged seeds causing significant losses. Since the 2019/2020 soybean season, companies and researchers have sought to understand and diagnose the anomaly. This study sought approaches that could add favorable contributions to the problem to investigate possible causes and find more answers about the facts. A bibliographic survey was conducted using search tools on the anomaly and the factors associated with this disease. It was concluded that many factors contribute to the severity of the anomaly, from environmental to genetic. Little is known, and nothing can be said about the cause of such a problem; it is investigated that they are etiological agents described and not described in the literature. Therefore, field research and Koch's Postulate must be carried out to prove the theories.
Keywords: pod opening; decay; Mato Grosso; pathogens.
STUDY OF ARTISTIC FOLK EDUCATION AS A CONDITION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TEACHING
Authors: Shvets Vladyslava
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of inconsistencies in the implementation of art education in the State Standard of General Secondary Education of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the task was set to demonstrate the importance of public art education as the basis for the education of young people. The study was conducted using the methods of theoretical, empirical research and general methods of scientific research.The article analyzes the forms of non-formal art education introduced by cultural and artistic figures in 2004. Restoring the experience of ethnic festivals and preserving the traditions of artistic families becomes the basis for the implementation of the state standard of general secondary education. The comparative analysis demonstrates the importance of combining different approaches in the formation of public education in the country, preserving the spiritual, moral and ideological positions of young people. The experience of leading artistic families in popularizing art education in the region is analyzed. The influence of prominent artists on the formation of interest in Ukrainian culture among international partners is studied. An example of the assimilation of individual experience of artists to the challenges of life is given.The conclusions summarize the importance of combining art and public education for the formation of key competencies, harmonious personal development, and the reproduction of the sacred meaning of art education. It has been shown that the art education sector has a number of gaps in its implementation and future development. The task of the teacher is to develop the spiritual and psychological spheres of the individual; actualization of historical, cultural, artistic or ethnographic influence; formation of skills to look for hidden meaning in the language of art: understanding the non-verbal dialogue with the author, learning to decipher the composition code and learning to understand the principle of the universe, the laws of the world continuum through art; creating parallels during lessons, trying to fill the entire educational space with art (musical minutes during breaks, musical accompaniment during intellectual tasks, the use of stimulating visual content in the space of the educational institution, visiting the workshops of artists and sculptors, holding master classes in museums), which enhances informal education.It is assumed that the creation of an artistic educational product should have a gender aspect in the popularization of influence, the economic background that always surrounds the student and determines his or her artistic and aesthetic preferences. A successful combination of didactic tools of influence and the achievements of Ukrainian folk art can become a source for implementing a comprehensive process of psychotherapy for young people in the context of war and postwar.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ENGLISH LESSONS FOR PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: Boyko Yakiv
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of using digital technologies, describes their positive aspects and presents some modern pedagogical tools in the process of learning English for professional purposes.The author explores the potential of using widespread software such as editorial and publishing applications such as blogging platforms: WordPress and Blogger, podcasting services such as Podomatic; platforms that serve as repositories and sharing environments for videos, slides and images, such as Flickr, YouTube, Vimeo and Slideshare; tools for collaborative accumulation of information and publications such as wikis; learning management systems such as Moodle; social networking tools such as Twitter and Facebook or the alternative for educational use Edmodo.Online games, wikis and blogs are explored, where games have always been used in language classes, but recently the concept of gamification has been applied to justify its introduction into the educational process. The role of the Internet as an authentic environment where English teachers conduct the educational process, enhance their professional development, and search for new materials and ideas for their classes is clarified.The global Internet helps students to implement autonomous learning and search for material for personal growth according to their own needs.A blended learning approach combines classroom learning with online learning, as well as synchronous (e.g. Skype, video conferencing rooms) and asynchronous (discussion groups, blogs, learning management systems, etc.) communication tools, which helps to increase learning efficiency.Modern information and communication technologies ensure active, creative learning of new material by students and allow them to present material at a new and higher level.
DEVELOPMENT OF LISTENING COMPREHENSION SKILLS OF FOREIGN COMMUNICATORS (LEVELS B1) USING AUTHENTIC VIDEO MATERIAL FROM YOUTUBE FOR VYSHYVANKA DAY
Authors: Kerdivar Natalia , Turdarova Nadia
Published: May 2024

Listening comprehension is both a goal and a means in the educational activities of foreign language learners, as it builds listening skills and enhances the effectiveness of acquiring communicative competence. It also stimulates their receptive abilities. Consequently, the creation of didactic materials and audio-video content, along with exploring new methods and techniques for their use, remains a critical area in linguodidactics. These materials should be of high quality to facilitate the professional development of future professionals and assist in adapting adapting to new life circumstances. This article presents a model for organizing listening comprehension training for students in preparatory departments using authentic audio and video material available on YouTube. The selection and usage of this material are thoroughly justified. Methodological recommendations regarding the implementation of exercises that enhance the ability to understand foreign language texts are also developed and detailed.The described system of working with audio material aligns with the functional and communicative methods of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language and facilitates reflection and the updating of the students’ background knowledge of Ukrainian culture and language skills. It is important to note that foreign students are allowed to commence their educational activities at various times according to the Admission Procedure for Foreign Citizens, necessitating a holistic approach to the learning process and adaptation for groups that have already developed basic language and speech skills. Mastering listening comprehension is notably challenging in learning a foreign language, requiring deliberate, consistent effort and the meticulous selection of materials. Effective results in Ukrainian language acquisition can only be achieved through regular listening practice in the classroom. This article employs methods such as analyzing scientific literature, justifying the choice of educational materials, generalizing and systematization.