bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Forest Management: A Case Study of DENR-CAR’s Turned-over Logs
Authors: Tauli-Calugan Beberly
Published: February 2025

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources in the Cordillera Administrative Region (DENR-CAR) is committed to enhancing sustainable forest management practices, particularly concerning the utilization of turned-over logs derived from Tree Cutting Permits (TCPs). Recognizing the importance of optimizing resource use and minimizing environmental impact, this study examines current policies and practices surrounding these logs, seeking opportunities for improvement and greater efficiency. While existing guidelines, such as DAO 2003-18 and MMO 162, provide a valuable foundation, this research explores how to strengthen implementation further and ensure equitable utilization. A qualitative case study methodology was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, document analysis, and thematic analysis to gather and interpret data effectively. The approach provided in-depth insights into the systemic challenges hindering effective log management, including unclear regulatory definitions, inefficient data tracking, absence of designated custodians, and weak enforcement mechanisms. The study's findings reveal a critical need for policy enhancements encompassing (1) implementing a prepayment mechanism for TCPs to streamline processes and reduce bureaucratic delays, (2) designating barangay Local Government Units (LGUs) as custodians to ensure localized and traceable management, and leveraging technology for efficient data monitoring and decision-making; and (4) fostering community participation in log utilization projects —such as school infrastructure and community development initiatives—ensures equitable benefits while promoting local stewardship. Strengthened monitoring and enforcement mechanisms and capacity building for relevant agencies are also proposed to mitigate noncompliance and resource misuse. This holistic framework offers actionable insights to improve log governance in CAR, promoting transparency, accountability, and technology-driven processes to achieve sustainable forest management and contribute to broader conservation goals.
Riesgo Del Embarazo En La Adolescencia
Authors: Zambrano Garcés Rosa María , Mariño Gavidia Nayara Elizabeth , Mariño Gavidia Raquel Alexandra , Sánchez Pérez Jerson Iván
Published: February 2025

El embarazo en la adolescencia presenta múltiples factores de riesgo que afectan tanto a las jóvenes madres como a sus bebes. Este estudio examina las complicaciones asociadas, incluyendo problemas de salud física y emocional al igual que los desafíos sociales. Cada año, aproximadamente 16 millones de adolescentes se embarazan especialmente en países en desarrollo donde la falta de acceso a atención prenatal adecuada aumenta los riesgos. Las adolescentes embarazadas enfrentan un mayor riesgo de complicaciones como hipertensión y anemia además de consecuencias emocionales significativas como depresión y ansiedad. La investigación se basa en una revisión exhaustiva de literatura reciente y destaca la necesidad de implementar políticas públicas efectivas que incluyan educación sexual integral y acceso a servicios de salud. Este análisis enfatiza la urgencia de abordar el embarazo adolescente desde una perspectiva integral para mejorar la salud materno-infantil y ofrecer un futuro más prometedor a estas adolescentes.
Bajo peso al nacer como factor de riesgo asociado a policitemia neonatal, en un Hospital Público en Perú. 2016-2023
Authors: Seván Ríos Alejandra Julissa , Vega Manrique Carlos Emilio , Pablo Asencios Mirtha Jhazmin , Landa Gomero Consuelo Aurora , Villarreal Mauricio Víctor Manuel
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Determinar si en el servicio de Neonatología, en un Hospital Público en Perú, el bajo peso al nacer, es un factor de riesgo asociado a policitemia neonatal. Materiales y Métodos: Nuestro estudio, es de casos y controles, transversal, retrospectivo. Fueron 49 neonatos que cumplieron con los criterios de, bajo peso al nacer y policitemia neonatal y 98 neonatos, fueron los controles. Realizamos un muestreo probabilístico y aleatorio simple. La información obtenida, fue procesada con los softwares estadísticos. Epi Info 7.2.5.0 y Microsoft Excel 2020. Resultados: De los 49 casos, 32 (65.3%), fueron de sexo masculino, mientras que 17 fueron del sexo femenino (34.7%). Hallamos que, en el año 2020, a 17 neonatos se les diagnosticó, Policitemia neonatal, representando el año con la mayor incidencia (1%), seguido del año 2023, donde encontramos 9 recién nacidos, con diagnóstico de Policitemia neonatal, siendo la incidencia de 0.5%. Así mismo, en el año 2020 encontramos 71 recién nacidos con diagnostico de bajo peso al nacer, de éstos, 9 (12,7%), presentaron policitemia neonatal, seguido del año 2022 con 110 recién nacidos que presentaron bajo peso al nacer, de los cuales 8 (7.3%) presentaron policitemia neonatal. Usamos la prueba de chi cuadrado para detectar, si existía asociación entre las variables, encontrando un valor de p = 0.000023; un Odds ratio=3.000, con un IC 95%:(1.785-5.042); con lo que demostramos la asociación en nuestro estudio.  Conclusión: En el servicio de Neonatología en un Hospital público en Perú, encontramos asociación entre el bajo peso al nacer y policitemia neonatal.
Calidad del sueño y rendimiento académico en estudiantes
Authors: Chuga Guaman Jonathan Gabriel , Chuga Guaman Noemi Raquel , Irazabal Vizcaino Eslendy Marcela , Chuga Guaman Miriam Katherine
Published: February 2025

El sueño es un proceso fisiológico complejo y esencial para el bienestar del ser humano que influye en la salud física, mental y social. Entre sus funciones destacan la reposición de energía, regulación hormonal y mejora de la función inmunológica. En el ámbito universitario, las exigencias académicas afectan la calidad del sueño, y podrían influir negativamente en el rendimiento académico del estudiante. Objetivo: en este contexto este estudio pretende analizar la asociación que existe entre la calidad del sueño y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios del área de salud. Método: estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional de corte transversal que incluyó 89 estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud en Quito- Ecuador. Para identificar las variables de estudio se aplicó el cuestionario Pittsburgh (PSQI) para valorar la calidad del sueño. Resultados: el 94 % de los participantes presentaron alteraciones en la calidad del sueño, con un puntaje promedio en el PSQI de 10. Las principales causas de interrupción del sueño fueron el estrés e interrupciones fisiológicas nocturnas. El promedio académico global fue de 88 puntos, mediante el coeficiente de Spearman se determinó una relación positiva débil pero no estadísticamente significativa entre la calidad del sueño y el rendimiento académico con un r 0.24 y p=0.8. Conclusión: estos resultados resaltan la prevalencia de alteraciones en la calidad del sueño en estudiantes universitarios. Se sugiere fomentar hábitos de sueño saludables y buscar estrategias para lograr el equilibrio entre las demandas académicas y el bienestar integral del estudiante.
FRANSUZ EKZISTENSIALIZMINING VUJUDGA KELISHIDAGI IJTIMOIY-FALSAFIY MUHIT
Authors: Djurayev G‘olib
Published: February 2025

The article examines some aspects of the historical, social and philosophical environment in which French existentialism, one of the forms of modern philosophical thought, emerged and took its place in world philosophy. The article analyzes the ideas of European intellectuals on existential philosophy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, during the formation of French existentialism.
Actividades propestivas en Brasil: pasado, presente y futuros posibles
Authors:   Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo, dos Santos Dalci Maria
Published: February 2025

En Brasil, los estudios, investigaciones y actividades dirigidas a la comprensión de las fuerzas que impulsan el futuro son muy recientes. Las primeras iniciativas conocidas, son de la década de setenta. En este artículo se presenta la evolución y desarrollo de la actividad prospectiva (foresight), estudios del futuro y predicciones el contexto brasileño, que hoy, incluye en esta actividad tres vectores: la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. Se buscan las tendencias de esos tres vectores para ampliar el alcance de este tipo de estudio con el fin de incorporar elementos sociales, culturales y estratégicos. Así como en otros países, también en Brasil, «anticipar el futuro» se está convirtiendo en un elemento esencial para garantizar la competitividad de las empresas y del país.
Travesía hacia 2020: escenarios predictivos para Andalucía
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla, Bericat Alastuey Eduardo , Echavarren Fernández José M. ,   Universidad Pablo Olavide
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del estudio Delphi realizado en 2007 sobre la situación de Andalucía en el horizonte de 2020 atendiendo a once bloques temáticos. Estos once bloques temáticos, divididos en un ámbito social y otro de corte económico-tecnológico, incluyen las siguientes áreas de atención: cohesión social, educación, mujer, política y democracia, políticas sociales, urbanismo, cultura y estructura económica, flujos económicos, mercado de trabajo, sostenibilidad, y tecnología y desarrollo. El estudio Delphi, de dos oleadas y en el que participan medio centenar de expertos, proporciona la información base para crear una jerarquía de relevancia de tendencias, así como para identificar áreas de especial riesgo y factores clave en el desarrollo social y económico de Andalucía para el horizonte de 2020.
Cultura, industria cultural e innovación en la Comunidad Autónoma de Euskadi: una especialización pendiente
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Zallo Ramón
Published: February 2025

La digitalización con globalización significa tanto un cambio tecnocultural como social de impredecibles consecuencias. En ese marco tienen un importante protagonismo las industrias culturales y, en otra medida, las industrias creativas, cuyo estatuto se debe precisar. Aquí se concibe la cultura como el otro lado, el subjetivo, del espejo en el que se mira la innovación tecnológica, material, inmaterial o sistémica. En ese marco conceptual se diagnostican el déficit cultural vasco histórico y actual. Ese déficit se aprecia en el gasto doméstico cultural y, en parte, en el tipo de gasto público que, de todas formas, ejerce de factor compensatorio. En un país que sabe que ha de volcarse en la innovación y que cuenta con una cultura específica y minoritaria en su entorno, la era digital ofrece la ocasión para corregir ese rumbo, de tal modo que se innove la cultura y se desarrolle simultáneamente un sector cultural como una especialización con importantes recursos creativos, culturales y educativos. La capitalidad cultural europea para Donostia es una oportunidad para esa apuesta a medio plazo en cultura y comunicación en los tres territorios.
Measuring Progress of Italian Regions: a Classical Approach
Authors:   Università di Roma, Corsi Marcella , Guarini Giulio ,   Università di Roma
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the paper is to apply a definition of ‘progress’ of the Italian regions based on the relationship between economic development and civil development, according to the lesson of Classical authors. Firstly, we analyze the interaction between economic development and civil development, in a circular cumulative causation, and the relationship of different nature between these two elements. Secondly, we propose a synthetic index of progress, which on the one hand takes account of the different components of development (social, civil, economic and ecological) and on the other hand is based on the concept of ‘social sustainability’ of progress, defined as balanced improvement of all its dimensions.
Construyendo una política de la memoria: Clasificación de bienes históricos de Nextlalpan
Authors: Arenas Sánchez Mario Alberto
Published: February 2025

Contexto: Existe una falta de propuestas de investigación que recuperen los sitios y monumentos históricos a nivel local en México y América Latina como política de la memoria, que no estén asociadas directamente con un pasado violento y/o dictatorial. Objetivo: Clasificar la información obtenida de sitios y monumentos históricos del Municipio de Nextlalpan, contribuyendo a la formulación de una política de la memoria local en este territorio, desde el lugar de comunidad. Método: Investigación cualitativa con enfoque interdisciplinario que utilizó la metodología basada en el inventario de monumentos históricos en su contexto e historia, donde se aplicaron distintas técnicas de investigación (categorización, trabajo de campo, investigación documental, etc.) Resultados: Se identificaron 208 sitios y monumentos históricos, que pueden ser catalogados para la formulación de una política de la memoria que facilite la preservación y consulta de la memoria presente en el territorio municipal. Conclusión: Se requiere formular una propuesta teórico-metodológica que parta de la clasificación de los sitios y monumentos históricos para la conformación de una política de la memoria que preserve el patrimonio histórico y cultural de Nextlalpan.
Enfoques pedagógicos para el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional y motricidad fina en educación infantil
Authors: Delgado Zambrano Clara Yaquelin
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre el desarrollo de la motricidad fina mediante técnicas grafoplásticas y la inteligencia emocional en estudiantes de primer grado de la Unidad Educativa “Sara Belén Guerrero Vargas”. La metodología empleada fue de tipo cualitativo, con un diseño de investigación-acción, donde se utilizaron observación y entrevistas como instrumentos principales para recopilar datos. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes con mayor desarrollo de habilidades motoras finas, como el rasgado, el corte y el trazo, también presentaban mayores niveles de adaptabilidad, autocontrol y disposición emocional en el aula. Esto indica que el desarrollo de la motricidad fina no solo favorece la precisión física, sino que también fortalece la inteligencia emocional, facilitando una mejor integración académica y social. Se concluye que es necesario incorporar estrategias didácticas que integren tanto el desarrollo motriz como el emocional desde los primeros años escolares para promover una educación integral y preparadora para etapas posteriores.
Plan de capacitación para aumentar la visibilidad científica en las redes sociales y académicas
Authors: Mawyin Cevallos Francisco Antonio , Castro Bermúdez Idelisa Esther , Guerrero Aray Gabriela Rossana
Published: February 2025

Contexto: la visibilidad de la investigación científica es un factor clave para el posicionamiento de autores e instituciones. Objetivo: diseñar un plan de capacitación para aumentar la visibilidad científica en las redes sociales y académicas de la comunidad escolar de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí. Método: la investigación se enmarcó en un enfoque aplicado. Se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo orientado en proponer una solución a la manifestación de la problemática. El diseño fue no experimental. Los métodos utilizados fueron el analítico – sintético, el sistémico – estructural y el análisis documental clásico orientado a la literatura científica publicada y a la presencia en las redes sociales y académicas del dominio @utm. Resultados: se diseñó un plan de capacitación para aumentar la visibilidad científica en las redes sociales y académicas de la comunidad escolar de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí. Asimismo, se particularizó en las 12 revistas científicas que posee esta institución y que, dada la función que realizan, merecen un tratamiento especial. Conclusiones: la visibilidad de los hallazgos científicos es crucial para fomentar la colaboración y el reconocimiento de los investigadores. Las instituciones deben adoptar estrategias efectivas de comunicación y divulgación para que el conocimiento no permanezca solo en el ámbito académico. La implementación de un plan de capacitación que fortalezca las competencias en estas herramientas mediante talleres y seminarios podría resultar en una mejora significativa en la difusión y el intercambio de conocimientos en la Universidad Técnica de Manabí.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E AS COMPETÊNCIAS DO SABER DOCENTE
Authors: Santos Fredson Torres dos , Santos Joab Torres dos , Rios Malena Almeida Soares , Bartilotti Odimar Lima de Oliveira Carvalho , Monteiro Pedrito , Rodrigues Francisco José
Published: February 2025

The texts, presented here: Modes of Constitution of Brazilian Teaching: Traditionalism, Technical Competence and Good Practices, by Renata Porcher Scherer and The formation of teachers and theories of teaching knowledge: contexts, doubts and challenges, by Wanderson Ferreira Alves, bring at the heart of their questions, respectively, clarify which practices of Brazilian teaching, in pedagogical literature, can be observed in the mid-twentieth century and analyze studies on the knowledge of teachers as well as their training in Brazil. The central idea of the first text is to map evidence regarding the research conceptions on teaching in basic education that predominate in Brazil. This time, three trends are mapped: the articulations between teaching and traditionalism, in the 1960s; the debates around technical competence and political commitment, in the 1980s and the centrality of teachers' practice, in the 1990s. The central core of the second text, however, is to understand, in a more elucidated way, how the authors involved in the formation of teachers have understood this new way of engaging, contemplating and persecuting the teacher's work. Such writings have three dimensions: epistemological, political and professional. The first guides several authors in the field of studies on teaching knowledge, especially in discussions about reflective-practice. The second concerns its ramifications and political significance. The third is expressed in its possible consequences for the teaching profession. It concludes by pointing out the need to pay attention to three issues in the debates on the knowledge and training of teachers in Brazil: the risks of, contradictorily, obtaining an even more alienated teacher; the problem of the quality of debate in the educational field; and, finally, the importance of improving the relationship between the national theoretical tradition and international literature.
Hubungan Intensitas Pencahayaan, Umur, Masa Kerja, Dan Lama Kerja Terhadap Keluhan Kelelahan Mata Pada Pekerja Bagian Menjahit (Sewing) Garmen Cv. Jodion Unggul Perkasa Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Sekar Arum Amanda
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Kelelahan mata adalah masalah besar bagi semua orang, terutama bermasalah bagi karyawan dan pemilik bisnis. Baik pekerja formal maupun informal sering mengalami masalah kelelahan mata. Bisnis di sektor informal termasuk di antara yang memiliki bahaya kesehatan yang sangat tinggi karena baik pemerintah maupun pemiliknya tidak memperhatikan kesehatan dan keselamatan karyawan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan data sampel ini adalah simple random sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel dari populasi yang homogen, dilakukan secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata yang ada dalam populasi itu sebanyak 61 responden. Pengukuran menggunakan lux meter untuk mengukur intensitas pencahayaan dan kuesioner untuk mengetahui umur, lama kerja, masa kerja, dan keluhan kelelahan mata. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan antara intensitas pencahayaan dengan keluhan kelelahan mata, nilai p value 0,009 (p-value <0,05). Ada hubungan antara umur dengan keluhan kelelahan mata, nilai p-value 0,011 (p-value <0,05). Ada hubungan antara masa kerja dengan keluhan kelelahan mata, nilai p-value 0,007 (p-value <0,05). Ada hubungan antara lama kerja dengan keluhan kelelahan mata, nilai p-value 0,014 (p-value <0,05). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara intensitas pencahayaan, umur, masa kerja, dan lama kerja dengan keluhan kelelahan mata pada pekerja bagian menjahit (sewing) Garmen CV. Jodion Unggul Perkasa Kabupaten Sleman.
Hubungan Perilaku Gizi dan Sikap dengan Kejadian Kekurangan Energi Kronik pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wara Utara Kota Palopo
Authors: Trisnawati Astie , Mokodompit Eliyanti Agus
Published: February 2025

Kebutuhan nutrisi selama kehamilan sangat penting bagi kesehatan ibu dan janin. Kekurangan gizi pada ibu hamil dapat menyebabkan Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK), yang meningkatkan risiko komplikasi kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara perilaku gizi dan sikap ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wara Utara, Kota Palopo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku gizi dan sikap ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK di wilayah tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan studi potong lintang (cross-sectional). Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 307 ibu hamil yang terdaftar di Puskesmas Wara Utara pada periode Agustus-September 2024. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 76 orang yang dipilih dengan metode total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku gizi ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK (p=0,015) dan hubungan antara sikap gizi ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK (p=0,004). Diperlukan peningkatan kunjungan antenatal care untuk mengurangi angka KEK pada ibu hamil. Selain itu, penting untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang gizi secara berkesinambungan, salah satunya melalui pencarian informasi kesehatan setiap kali berkunjung ke tenaga kesehatan.
EDUKASI TENTANG DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA
Authors: Halimatul Hidayah Qori , Nurmala Nurmala , Laksana Ryan Putra
Published: February 2025

Teknologi telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat modern, membawa dampak positif maupun negatif terhadap kesehatan mental. Seminar ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran teknologi dan dampak media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental, serta bagaimana seminar dan pengecekan kesehatan dapat menjadi solusi untuk generasi z. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif, seminar ini melibatkan 100 peserta yang mengikuti seminar edukasi tentang dampak teknologi khususnya penggunaan media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental. Data diperoleh melalui pendekatan sosial pra dan pasca kegiatan, serta wawancara mendalam. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seminar meningkatkan kesadaran peserta tentang pola penggunaan media sosial yang sehat dan pentingnya deteksi dini gangguan kesehatan mental. Pengecekan kesehatan mental secara berkala juga terbukti efektif dalam mengidentifikasi risiko dan memberikan intervensi dini. Seminar ini menyimpulkan bahwa komunikasi yang efektif melalui seminar dan pengecekan kesehatan dapat memitigasi dampak negatif media sosial, mendukung kesehatan mental, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup kalangan muda yang tidak bisa lepas dari penggunaan sosial media dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Mandiri dengan ArtificiaI Intelligence dalam Era Digitalisasi Pendidikan di SMKN 9 Medan
Authors: Usman Ari , Fitri Annisah lubis Yessi , Lestari Yuyun Dwi , Sarudin Sarudin , Budiman Arief
Published: February 2025

Rapid technological developments, AI offers innovative solutions to support the teaching and learning process, allowing students to learn independently and adaptively according to their individual needs. Community service activities utilizing artificial intelligence to improve independent learning have proven their effectiveness in improving the quality of education. Through an interactive approach, participants are invited to understand the basic concepts of AI and its applications in the context of education, such as creating teaching materials, quizzes, and learning evaluations. This activity not only aims to increase knowledge about AI, but also to develop students' skills in using the technology wisely. With this activity, students can be more independent in their learning process and are ready to face challenges in the era of digitalization of education. This activity also provides recommendations for improving infrastructure and ongoing training for students and educators so that the use of AI can be more optimal in the future. The results of this activity show that students at SMKN 9 Medan have known and utilized AI in their learning activities with a high level of satisfaction.
Development of Child's Islamic Religious Aspects Through The Method of Training Education
Authors: Putri Desi Ramandani , Fiqiyah Maskanatul
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify the application of habituation methods at SDIT Umar Bin Khathab Juwana in strengthening student religiosity. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection methods through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles & Huberman analysis technique, including data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that habituation methods, such as congregational prayer, dhikr, daily prayer, and memorization of the Qur'an, contribute to increasing student religiosity. Implementing this method requires synergy between teachers and parents to create a continuity of learning at school and home and overcome the main obstacle, which is maintaining the consistency of students' focus during habituation activities. In conclusion, the habituation method at SDIT Umar Bin Khathab Juwana supports the thoughts of Abdullah Nashih Ulwan, who emphasizes spiritual value-based education as the basis for moral formation.
How could Achilles’ Fame have been Lost?
Authors: Finkelberg Margalit
Published: February 2025

Although there can be little doubt that the Homeric epics originated in heroic lays whose main objective was to praise the military exploits of Greek chieftains. They are far removed from songs of military prowess which properly belong to a much earlier stage in epic tradition. To treat them on the same plane would do little justice to either form of heroic poetry. This is not to say, of course, that military exploits were of no interest to the poet. Yet heroic deeds, tragic fates and praiseworthy or repre­hensible acts were regarded by him as preserved in song not in their own right but by virtue of their being part of events that determined the course of history. Without fulfilling this condition, they would have been lost to posterity.
Dionysius of Halicarnassus on a Democratic Change in the Centuriate Assembly
Authors: Yakobson Alexander
Published: February 2025

Dionysius of Halicarnassus speaks, in 4.21.3 of a change in the character of the centuriate assembly which made it “more democratic’ by relaxing the strict ancient order of calling the centuries to vote. He does not say when the change took place.  Various interpretations of this passage have been offered. The paper argues that the change in question was the third-century reform of the centuriate assembly, and that Dionysius’ testimony should be taken to mean that in the reformed assembly the descending order of calling the property-classes to vote was no longer observed in the lower strata – below the second class. I suggest that this change, which enhanced the voting power of the lower strata of the assembly, was a political compensation for an earlier change in the Roman method of levy which had imposed on the lower strata a heavier burden of military service.
Note on the Phonetic and Graphic Representation of Greek Vowels and of the Spiritus Asper in the Aramaic Transcription of Greek Loanwords
Authors: Wasserstein Abraham
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the transliteration of Greek into Semitic languages, and in particular the Semitic letter he. While Greek initial and especially internal aspiration is most often lost, the letter he, both initial and internal, frequently does not represent Greek aspiration but rather the Greek letter epsilon.
Shield of Achilles, or Homer’s View of Representation in Art
Authors: Finkelberg Margalit
Published: February 2025

Homer’s descriptions  of representational  artifacts of­ten  allow for effects  which  could  hardly  be  achieved  by  means  of regular  crafts­manship.  Thus, it is impossible to interpret the Shield of Achilles as a specimen of craftsman’s work: the images on the shield move and utter sounds. At the same time, there is no reason to suggest, as is sometimes done, that Homer drew no distinction between art and reality or that he treated images of art in terms of magic. The only way to account for the peculiar behaviour of these images is to admit that Homer entertained a view of representation in art accoding to which images of art were seen as artificial and real at the same time. The concept of the “living artifact” thus emerging fits in well with the primitive view of representation in art attested all over the world, including early Greece — the moving statues of Daedalus come to mind in this connection.  Whatever its source, it afforded the images of art a special status with respect to reality.
rector rei publicae of Cicero’s De Republics
Authors: Powell J.G.F.
Published: February 2025

The phrase rector rei publicae in Cicero’s fragmentary De Republica has given rise to extensive debate. It is often held that the rector rei publicae is, inevitably, one man. The present article seeks to demonstrate that this is a mistaken interpretation. It offers arguments to show that the rector is no more than the Latin for ‘statesman’, an expert in the art of government. Before Cicero’s work, Latin did not have this precise item of terminology, and I suggest that the Greek term politikos (as in Plato’s Politicus) is in the back of Cicero’s mind. Further, the constitution as such is less important than the existence of a plurality of well-trained citizens who are prepared to put aside any private gain for the good of the state.
Orthography of the Relative Pronoun -שה in the Second Temple and Mishnaic Periods
Authors: Fassberg Steven E.
Published: February 2025

It is generally assumed that the letter he may be used in Hebrew words during the Second Temple and Tannaitic periods to mark a medial vowel ε. In this article it is argued that the conditioned use of medial he, which is found primarily after the relative pronoun -ש is related to the realization of the relative pronoun: š + ε + CC. It would appear that scribes associated the gemination following a proclitic particle  (e.g., the definite article) with the written he that preceded it.
Homer, a Poet of an Individual Style
Authors: Finkelberg Margalit
Published: February 2025

According to Milman Parry, if a traditional poet abandons formulae to make up expressions of his own, he should be identified as ‘a poet of an individual style’. Since Parry regarded the emergence of such a style in traditional poetry as a symptom of decline, he did not consider Homer to belong to this category. Yet, the formulaic analysis of  Od.  8.77-78 and Od.  1.347-48 shows that,  by Parry’s own criteria, both passages should belong to ‘a poet of an individual style’. Moreover, the characteristic features found in the two passages under discussion can hardly be seen as unique in Homer. Thus, if we are indeed dealing here with the features of an individual style, such a style must have played a considerable role in Homeric diction.
Slave Witnesses in Antiphon 5.48
Authors: Tulin Alexander
Published: February 2025

Antiphon 5.48 suggests that slaves were competent to serve as witnesses in Athenian homicide cases, an interpretation which sits poorly with our general understanding of Athenian legal procedure. Attempts to emend or reinterpret the clause are unpersuasive; and recent attempts to support the traditional reading are equally unpersuasive. The traditional interpretation is, in fact, correct, but it is simply established by an exact parallel in Plato's Laws (937A).
Philopoemen Immodicus and Superbus and Sparta
Authors: Golan David
Published: February 2025

Philopoemen Immodicus and Superbus and Sparta
Domitian’s Assassination: The Jewish Aspect
Authors: Applebaum Shimon
Published: February 2025

Domitian’s Assassination: The Jewish Aspect
Greek Play on Words in the Mishna?
Authors: Meridor Raanana
Published: February 2025

The author suggests that there is a play on the Greek word schole, meaning both “leisure” and “study,” in the saying attributed to Hillel in Mishna Avoth 2:4.
Political Candidate in the Fifth Satire of Persius, lines 176-179: A Slave to Ambition or to Foreign Religion?
Authors: Benovitz Moshe
Published: February 2025

The fifth satire of Persius Flaccus treats moral enslavement to various overpowering forces: greed (lines 132-142), luxury (142-156), love (161-175), and superstitious religion (179-188). Most scholars believe that lines 176-179 refer to moral enslavement to an additional force: ambition. This paper argues that these lines actually favor ambition, and are rather the introduction to the next section, for which they set the stage: Even the admirably ambitious politician, who has an appropriately cynical attitude towards Roman religion, proves to be an awestruck worshipper of the Jewish God in the privacy of his own home.
Language and Identity: The Twin Histories of Arabic and Aramaic (and: Why did Aramaic Succeed where Greek Failed?)
Authors: Hoyland Robert
Published: February 2025

This article looks at the long intertwined relationship between Aramaic and Arabic across nearly 3000 years. In particular, it points out that Arabic was written down centuries before the rise of Islam, much earlier than is usually supposed, and that Aramaic continued to be employed for literary purposes later and more widely than is usually supposed. Some thought is given as to why Aramaic fared better than Greek, which ceased to be a major written language of the Islamic Empire already by the ninth century.
With or Without You: Some Late Hellenistic Narratives of Contemporary History
Authors: Santangelo Federico
Published: February 2025

This paper charts some trends in local historiography during the late Hellenistic period, draws attention to the role that public epigraphy plays in that connection, and shows how competing narratives on recent and contemporary history are articulated through a variety of media and settings. Through the exploration of several case studies from Asia Minor, it brings out the liveliness and complexity of the political and historical debates that unfold as Rome reasserts her hegemony over the Greek East.
Marianus of Eleutheropolis
Authors: Geiger Joseph
Published: February 2025

The Suda tells us (M 194), all that is known about this person Marianus, a consul, praefect and patrician under Anastasius  emigrated from Rome to Eleutheropolis in Palaestina Prima together with his father Marsus, an advocate at the court of the Praefect of the City of Rome. He paraphrased into iambics the hexameter poems of all the important Hellenistic poets. The Suda does not indicate at which stage of his life his emigration from Rome to Eleutheropolis occurred.  It will be only right and proper to look at Marianus’ possible Roman, viz. Latin, background. As is well known, also in Latin poetry there was a movement away from the hexameter, and towards the iambic metre. A short discussion of two or three authors may be relevant to our present quest. The first among these is Avienus, who according to Servius turned Virgil and Livy into iambics. Another is Alfius Avitus. He seems to have found a follower, a poet whose only extant fragment of five iambic dimeters comes from a poem called Lupercalia (or similarly). His name is Marianus. Obviously in the present context this information cannot be left unexplored. Of course a sheer coincidence of the names. is not impossible; but even in that case it would have been wrong to ignore the Roman background of a poet from Rome.
Studie über den Diathesenunterschied bei homerischen Verben
Authors: Neuberger-Donath Ruth
Published: February 2025

Eine Studie über den Diathesenunterschied bei homerischen Verben
Hellenistic Warfare in Jonathan’s Campaign near Azotos
Authors: Bar-Kochva Bezalel
Published: February 2025

Hellenistic Warfare in Jonathan’s Campaign near Azotos
Tiberius and the Lex Papia Poppaea
Authors: Geiger Joseph
Published: February 2025

A clause of the lex Papia Poppaea extended from the six months laid down by the lex Iulia de maritandis ordinibus to eighteen the time within which divorcees were to remarry.  The paper investigates the possible reasons for this change in the law. It attributes the change in large measure to the influence of Tiberius, who was, at the time, at the height of his power and influence as the designated successor of Augustus. Tiberius was moved by the experience of his forced divorce from Vipsania, who, the paper suggests, was forced to remarry soon after the divorce while pregnant with Tiberius’ son (who would die in infancy). The passage of the lex Papia Poppaea, which now eliminated the possibility that pregnant divorcees might be forced to remarry, seems to have taken into account Tiberius’ susceptibilities and could have been taken by him as a tacit gesture by Augustus in acknowledge­ment of the justice of his views. The dedication of an altar to the Princeps on his and Livia’s wedding anniversary marked Tiberius’ final reconciliation and the redressing of whatever wrong might have been done in his view.
Studies in Greek and Latin Loan-Words in Rabbinic Literature
Authors: Sperber Daniel
Published: February 2025

Studies in Greek and Latin Loan-Words in Rabbinic Literature
Retractatio
Authors: Glucker John
Published: February 2025

Retractatio
Studies on Cato’s Ad filium
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexander
Published: February 2025

The article seeks to give a detailed analysis of fragments of Cato the Elder which were edited by Heinrich Jordan under the title Libri ad Marcum filium. Particular attention is given to reference formulae which introduce quotations from Cato. I argue that the fragments of Libri, which are explicitly labeled “ad filium” in our sources, and which are devoted to issues of medicine, go back to a private letter addressed to Cato’s elder son M. Porcius Cato Licinianus. In all probability, this letter belongs to a hypothetical series of letters written in 168 BC when Licinianus did his military service in Macedonia (Epistulae, fr. 3; 4 Jordan). It included a notorious attack on Greek medicine and Greek culture (Libri ad filium, fr. 1). I argue that, Cato hinted at an anti-Italic passage from pseudo-Platonic Epistle 7, 353e when he expressed his anti-Hellenic sentiments.  Pliny the Elder used quotations from Cato’s letter about medicine in his Dubius sermo, and beyond doubt Pliny  was the source for  Diomedes and Priscian (ad filium, fr. 3; 4). It can be assumed that Plutarch drew on the Dubius sermo when he quoted fr. 11 and 12 not related to medicine and attributed by Jordan to a hypothetical work De agri cultura (ad filium).  Another fragment assigned to the same De agri cultura is likely to belong to Valerius Cato (ad filium, fr. 8).
Ptolemy of Ascalon, Historian of Herod
Authors: Geiger Joseph
Published: February 2025

A single reference is all we have from a work by a certain Ptolemy who wrote about Herod. Hitherto, no cutting arguments have been brought forward by those who advocate the probability of his identification with the grammarian Ptolemy of Ascalon, or those who view it skeptically. The following considerations speak for the identification with Ptolemy of Ascalon: the name, Herod’s well known associations with Ascalon the time, viz. it is preferable to seek a writer contemporary with the king or writing, at the latest, shortly after his death, and, of course, the wish not to multiply data. However, the only existing piece of evidence, In De adfinium vocabulorum differentia (no. 243), ascribed to one Ammonius, is neither straightforward nor easy to appreciate. The article examines it and sums up: Herennius Philo, the source of “Ammonius”, in all probability believed that the Ptolemy whom he quoted about King Herod was Ptolemy of Ascalon. Since he was an historian of the Jews and generally a very learned man with a special interest in the provenance of famous people, one should forward some serious arguments to deny his attribution.
Plutarch’s Life of Crassus and the Roman Lives
Authors: Chulp James T.
Published: February 2025

Plutarch's Crassus appears to be a very weak Life, especially when considered alongside the other Lives of the Late Republic.  This paper examines the relationship between Crassus and the other five Lives with which C. B. R. Pelling argues it was very probably composed -- Caesar, Pompey, Cato Minor, Brutus, and Antony.  Crassus appears to have been an afterthought by Plutarch, but it does contribute in a significant way to the scope of the later Roman Lives.
Lords of the Levant: The Borderlands of Syria and Phoenicia in the First Century
Authors: Shaw Brent D.
Published: February 2025

The highland ecologies of the Mediterranean borderlands between Cilicia to the north and Judaea to the south were particularly adapted to harboring fragmented types of political power. In the long period of the transition in types of Roman imperial power in the eastern Mediterranean, from a nascent republican imperium to an empire of direct rule, this region was peculiarly problematic, being the home of various kinds of resistant micro-regional powers—minor kings, tyrants, dynasts, tetrarchs, phylarchs, and other lesser types of strongmen who were often labelled lēstai or ‘bandits’ in a Hellenistic typology of power. The following essay attempts to understand the place of this ecology and these peculiarities of power in the context of a fragmenting Seleukid state on the one side and an encroaching Roman state, itself in the throes of a fundamental transformation, on the other.
Athenaeus’ Sixth Book on Greek and Roman Slavery
Authors: Occhipinti Egidia
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a literary study of Book 6, chapters 84-109, of Athenaeus’ Deipnosophists which offers new insight into Athenaeus’ view of Greek and Roman slavery and his way of working with sources.
The main evidence for this section of the book (84-109) is given by Theopompus and Posidonius, though it is not possible to discern and determine exactly which parts belong to these authors within the narrative. Athenaeus uses his sources mainly to support his view of ancient slavery, which mirrors the Roman elites’ ideology. In reference to the issue of obtaining and managing slaves, Greeks are depicted as harsher than Romans. The reference to the Mithridatic wars is the thread connecting and explaining the punishment of the Chians for having purchased slaves, and Roman moral degeneration. The decadence of Roman customs is dated from the Mithridatic wars onwards.
Imperial Letters in Latin: Pliny and Trajan, Egnatius Taurinus and Hadrian
Authors: Millar Fergus
Published: February 2025

A new project is proposed for a corpus of imperial letters in Latin from Augustus to the tetrarchy, with an outline of the proposed research.
Konstitution für das Heer von Syria Palaestina aus der Mitte der antoninischen Herrschaftszeit mit einem Auxiliarpräfekten Cn. Domitius Corbulo
Authors: Eck Werner , Pangerl Andreas
Published: February 2025

A fragmentary military diploma mentions an auxiliary prefect Cn. Domitius Corbulo as commander of the ala Gallorum et Thracum, which was stationed in Syria Palaestina. The constitution was issued under Antoninus Pius between 151 and before September 154. The prefect bears the same name as a highly famous senator of the Neronian period. It can be assumed that the prefect's father, who was also called Cn. Domitius, deliberately gave his son the cognomen Corbulo to commemorate Corbulo, who had defended Rome's eastern frontier under Nero. The diploma was given to a soldier called Dacus; his father bears the typical Dacian name Decebalus.
Camels, Soldiers, and Pilgrims in Sixth Century Nessana
Authors: Whately Conor
Published: February 2025

In this article, Conor Whately takes a closer look at two papyri from Nessana, P. Ness. 3.35 and 37, which detail aspects of the presence of camels in the village.  These papyri have been used to argue for the presence of camel-riders among the resident soldiers.  Previous scholarship had identified two species of camel at Nessana, the dromedary and the Bactrian on the basis of the Greek words used in P. Ness. 3.35, δρομεδάριος, and κάμηλος.  Whately argues that the first term means camel-rider, dromedarius, while the second means camel.  The presence of documents like this papyrus (P. Ness. 3.35) reveals the close workings of soldiers and civilians at the frontier site, with one of the principal duties being to provide pilgrims to the Holy Land with sufficient security.
Recovering Josephus: Mason’s History of the Jewish War and the Siege of Masada
Authors: Davies Gwyn , Magness Jodi
Published: February 2025

In a recent book, Steve Mason presents an overview of the First Jewish Revolt against Rome. Mason argues that Josephus’ testimony is unreliable and incomplete, and therefore cannot form a basis for reconstructing events which unfolded in Judea and Rome two thousand years ago.  Instead, according to Mason, any one of a number of scenarios not presented by Josephus could equally likely have occurred.  One episode that Mason discusses at length is Josephus’ account of the siege and fall of Masada.  In this paper, we test Mason’s post-modern literary approach to Josephus through one case study: the siege of Masada, focusing in particular on the assault ramp.  We believe that an empirical analysis of the archaeological remains supports Josephus’ testimony and allows considerable confidence in its essential accuracy over alternative scenarios as proposed by Mason.
Mountains in the Apologue: Figures of Isolation in Society, Space, and Time
Authors: Williams Hamish
Published: February 2025

While recent studies in the Homeric poems have explored the connotative value of topographic features (e.g. the sea, caves, etc.) and material objects (e.g. the bow, the olive tree, etc.) in the narratives, the significance of mountains has not been addressed. This study illustrates the pervasiveness of these spatial units in the Apologue, Books 9 to 12, of Homer’s Odyssey and then goes on to explore the associations of isolation — from topographic, social, and temporal perspectives — which these units garner through their contexts and deployment.
Cicero’s Economy of Praise
Authors: Kaster Robert A.
Published: February 2025

This paper argues that the rhetorical uses of praise are at least as culturally interesting as the use of invective, which has received much more scholarly attention. After brief comments on “Cicero's conceit” — the title of Walter Allen‟s classic article on the subject, which held (correctly, I believe) that Cicero's self-regard did not exceed the generous bounds allowed by his contemporaries — the paper uses Cicero's defense of Publius Sestius (Pro Sestio, March 56 BCE) to demonstrate the variety and tactical precision with which Cicero used both praise of himself and — perhaps more interestingly — praise of others to advance his and his client‟s interests. The paper concludes by suggesting some of the ways in which further study of the “economy of praise” — the ways in which praise circulated as a form of currency among members of the Roman elite — could further illuminate late Republican culture and society.
Inscribed Gold Lamellae from Roman Palestine: Old Questions, New Evidence
Authors: Erez-Yodfat Noga
Published: February 2025

The paper discusses a group of gold lamellae, originating from graves in Roman Palestine, which bear the ancient Greek formula ζάξζεη NN· νὐδεὶο ἀζάλαηνο (Take courage, NN! No one is immortal) or its variations. It also contains a publication of two new lamellae, and several lamellae that have not been associated with this group in the past are added to the list. The new evidence is considered in the context of the ongoing debate on cultural and ritual connotations of the Palestinian lamellae.