bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of 90-Day Restart of Renal Replacement Therapy after Discontinuation of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Stads Susanne , Kant K. Merijn , de Jong Margriet F.C. , de Ruijter Wouter , Cobbaert Christa M. , Betjes Michiel G.H. , Gommers Diederik , Oudemans-van Straaten Heleen M.
Published: July 2019

Background: Restart of renal replacement therapy (RRT) after initial discontinuation of continuous RRT (CRRT) is frequently needed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether renal markers after discontinuation of CRRT can predict restart of RRT within 90 days. Methods: Prospective multicenter observational study in 90 patients, alive, still on the intensive care unit at day 2 after discontinuation of CRRT for expected recovery with urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) available. The endpoint was restart of RRT within 90 days. Baseline and renal characteristics were compared between outcome groups no restart or restart of RRT. Logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis were performed to determine the best predictive and discriminative variables. Results: Restart of RRT was needed in 32/90 (36%) patients. Compared to patients not restarting, patients restarting RRT demonstrated a higher day 2 urinary NGAL, lower day 2 urine output, and higher incremental creatinine ratio (day 2/0). In multivariate analysis, only incremental creatinine ratio (day 2/0) remained independently associated with restart of RRT (OR 5.28, 95% CI 1.45–19.31, p = 0.012). The area under curve for incremental creatinine ratio to discriminate for restart of RRT was 0.76 (95% CI 0.64–0.88). The optimal cutoff was 1.49 (95% CI 1.44–1.62). Conclusion: In this prospective multicenter study, incremental creatinine ratio (day 2/0) was the best predictor for restart of RRT. Patients with an incremental creatinine ratio at day 2 of 1.5 times creatinine at discontinuation are likely to need RRT within 90 days. These patients might benefit from nephrological follow-up.
Estudantes do Prouni na crise do lulismo
Authors: Costa Henrique Bosso da
Published: July 2019

Em 2005, o governo Lula inaugurou o Programa Universidade para Todos (Prouni), uma política de racionalização da gestão pública que serviu para estimular a formação de mão de obra qualificada para uma economia em expansão. No estudo de caso que deu origem a este artigo, desenvolvido em uma grande universidade privada de São Paulo, utilizou-se da abordagem etnográfica, onde bolsistas do Prouni, jovens alunos de cursos de tecnologia foram questionados sobre modos de vida, opiniões e expectativas sobre educação e trabalho, visões de mundo e da política em particular. Em busca de se manterem em condições competitivas no mercado de trabalho com a obtenção do diploma, entre este grupo especialmente incorporado pela reestruturação produtiva e pela alta rotatividade do mercado de trabalho, o diploma aparece como acúmulo de certificados, necessários para a fuga da “condição operária” que marcara a geração de seus pais e para o ingresso na classe média, com repercussões na maneira como se relacionam com a política.
Selective Renal Denervation Guided by Renal Nerve Stimulation in Canine
Authors: Liu Hang , Chen Weijie , Lai Yinchuan , Du Huaan , Wang Zihao , Xu Yanping , Ling Zhiyu , Fan Jinqi , Xiao Peilin , Zhang Bo , Wang Jie , Gyawali Laxman , Zrenner Bernhard , Woo Kamsang , Yin Yuehui
Published: July 2019

Renal nerve stimulation (RNS) can result in substantial blood pressure (BP) elevation, and the change was significantly blunted when repeated stimulation after ablation. However, whether RNS could provide a meaningful renal nerve mapping for identification of optimal ablation targets in renal denervation (RDN) is not fully clear. Here, we compared the antihypertensive effects of selective RDN guided by two different BP responses to RNS and explored the nerve innervations at these sites in Kunming dogs. Our data indicated that ablation at strong-response sites showed a more systolic BP-lowering effect than at weak-response sites (
P
=0.002), as well as lower levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine in kidney and a greater reduction in plasma norepinephrine (
P
=0.004 for tyrosine hydroxylase,
P
=0.002 for both renal and plasma norepinephrine). Strong-response sites showed a greater total area and mean number of renal nerves than weak-response sites (
P
=0.012 for total area and
P
<0.001 for mean number). Systolic BP-elevation response to RNS before RDN and blunted systolic BP-elevation to RNS after RDN were correlated with systolic BP changes at 4 weeks follow-up (
R
=0.649;
P
=0.012 and
R
=0.643;
P
=0.013). Changes of plasma norepinephrine and renal norepinephrine levels at 4 weeks were also correlated with systolic BP changes at 4 weeks (
R
=0.837,
P
<0.001 and
R
=0.927,
P
<0.001). These data suggest that selective RDN at sites with strong BP-elevation response to RNS could lead to a more efficient RDN. RNS is an effective method to identify the nerve-enriched area during RDN procedure and improve the efficacy of RDN.
Progesterone Predisposes Females to Obesity-Associated Leptin-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction via Upregulating Endothelial MR (Mineralocorticoid Receptor) Expression
Authors: Faulkner Jessica L. , Kennard Simone , Huby Anne-Cecile , Antonova Galina , Lu Qing , Jaffe Iris Z. , Patel Vijay S. , Fulton David J.R. , Belin de Chantemèle Eric J.
Published: July 2019

Compelling clinical evidence indicates that obesity and its associated metabolic abnormalities supersede the protective effects of female sex-hormones and predisposes premenopausal women to cardiovascular disease. The underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined; however, recent studies have implicated overactivation of the aldosterone-MR (mineralocorticoid receptor) axis as a cause of sex-specific cardiovascular risk in obese females. Experimental evidence indicates that the MR on endothelial cells contributes to obesity-associated, leptin-induced endothelial dysfunction in female experimental models, however, the vascular-specific mechanisms via which females are predisposed to heightened endothelial MR activation remain unknown. Therefore, we hypothesized that endogenous expression of endothelial MR is higher in females than males, which predisposes them to obesity-associated, leptin-mediated endothelial dysfunction. We found that endothelial MR expression is higher in blood vessels from female mice and humans compared with those of males, and further, that PrR (progesterone receptor) activation in endothelial cells is the driving mechanism for sex-dependent increases in endothelial MR expression in females. In addition, we show that genetic deletion of either the endothelial MR or PrR in female mice prevents leptin-induced endothelial dysfunction, providing direct evidence that interaction between the PrR and MR mediates obesity-associated endothelial impairment in females. Collectively, these novel findings suggest that progesterone drives sex-differences in endothelial MR expression and predisposes female mice to leptin-induced endothelial dysfunction, which indicates that MR antagonists may be a promising sex-specific therapy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in obese premenopausal women.
Elevated Methylation of
FOXP3
(Forkhead Box P3)-TSDR (Regulatory T-Cell–Specific Demethylated Region) Is Associated With Increased Risk for Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Zhu Ling , Jia Lei , Liu Zhongwei , Zhang Yong , Wang Junkui , Yuan Zuyi , Hui Rutai
Published: July 2019

Demethylation of the forkhead box P3 (
FOXP3
) corresponds with stability of
FOXP3
expression and immunosuppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Previous studies have demonstrated that reduction in Tregs is associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between methylation level of
FOXP3-TSDR
(Treg-specific demethylated region) and clinical outcomes of ACS. We first evaluated the prognostic significance of methylation levels of
FOXP3-TSDR
in patients with ACS (n=171). Then, we explored the possible mechanism of methylation levels of
FOXP3-TSDR
on clinical outcomes of ACS in vivo. We analyzed methylation of
FOXP3-TSDR
, percentage of Tregs in total peripheral blood, and atherosclerotic lesions in aortic root in ApoE
−/−
mice (n=48; 6 groups). During the follow-up of 4.5±0.8 years, survival free of major adverse cardiovascular events was the lowest in the highest tertile of
FOXP3-TSDR
methylation (log-rank
P
=0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that
FOXP3-TSDR
methylation was independently and positively related to major adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.21–3.75;
P
=0.009). We observed a duration-dependent increase in the methylation levels of
FOXP3-TSDR
in mice fed with Western diet at a period of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 weeks. Elevated methylation levels of
FOXP3-TSDR
were significantly correlated of severity of atherosclerosis. We further found that
FOXP3-TSDR
methylation was inversely related to the percentages of Treg TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) and IL (interleukin)-10 levels. Our results indicate that elevated methylation levels of
FOXP3-TSDR
are associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes in patients with ACS.
Alpha-Blocker Use and the Risk of Hypotension and Hypotension-Related Clinical Events in Women of Advanced Age
Authors: Hiremath Swapnil , Ruzicka Marcel , Petrcich William , McCallum Megan K. , Hundemer Gregory L. , Tanuseputro Peter , Manuel Douglas , Burns Kevin , Edwards Cedric , Bugeja Ann , Magner Peter , McCormick Brendan , Garg Amit X. , Rhodes Emily , Sood Manish M.
Published: July 2019

Alpha-blockers (ABs) are commonly prescribed as part of a multidrug regimen in the management of hypertension. We set out to assess the risk of hypotension and related adverse events with AB use compared with other blood pressure (BP) lowering drugs using a population-based, retrospective cohort study of women (≥66 years) between 1995 and 2015 in Ontario, Canada. Cox proportional hazards examined the association of AB use and hypotension and related events (syncope, fall, and fracture) compared with other BP lowering drugs matched via a high dimensional propensity score. The primary outcome was a composite of hospitalizations for hypotension and related events (syncope, fractures, and falls) within 1 year. From 734 907 eligible women, 14 106 were dispensed an AB (mean age, 75.7; standard deviation 6.9 years, median follow-up 1 year) and matched to 14 106 dispensed other BP lowering agents. The crude incidence rate of hypotension and related events was 95.7 (95% CI [confidence interval], 90.4–101.1, events 1214 [8.6%]) with AB and 79.8 (95% CI, 74.9–84.7 per 1000 person-years, events 1025 [7.3%]) with other BP lowering medications (incident rate ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10–1.30). The risk was higher for hypotension (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.33–2.20) and syncope (hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.18–1.75) with no difference in falls, fractures, adverse cardiac events, or all-cause mortality. Treatment of hypertension in women with ABs is associated with a higher risk of hypotension and hypotension-related events compared with other BP lowering agents. Our findings suggest that ABs should be used with caution, even as add on therapy for hypertension.
Intracranial Artery Stenosis and Its Association With Conventional Risk Factors in a General Population of Japanese Men
Authors: Shitara Satoshi , Fujiyoshi Akira , Hisamatsu Takashi , Torii Sayuki , Suzuki Sentarou , Ito Takahiro , Arima Hisatomi , Shiino Akihiko , Nozaki Kazuhiko , Miura Katsuyuki , Ueshima Hirotsugu ,   for the SESSA Research group
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose—

Few community-based studies have reported the prevalence of intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) assessed with magnetic resonance angiography. The aim was to determine the prevalence of ICAS using magnetic resonance angiography in a general population of Japanese men and to investigate the associations between ICAS and conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods—

The Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis randomly recruited and examined participants from Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan, in 2006 to 2008 (baseline); 740 men returned for follow-up and underwent 1.5 T brain magnetic resonance angiography in 2012 to 2015. Participants were categorized as having no-ICAS, mild-ICAS (1 to <50%), or severe-ICAS (≥50%) in any of the arteries examined. After excluding the men with a history of stroke, 709 men were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression to assess independent associations of conventional cardiovascular risk factors with reference to the no-ICAS group.

Results—

The participants’ mean age was 68.0 years. The age-standardized prevalences of mild and severe-ICAS were 20.7% and 4.5%, respectively (with the population of the 2010 Japanese vital statistics as the reference). Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were associated with a higher prevalence of severe-ICAS after simultaneous adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusions—

In a community-based sample of Japanese men, ICAS was estimated to be present in 25.2%, and related to metabolic risk factors, in addition to hypertension and age. These results support the importance of comprehensive management of conventional cardiovascular risk factors for stroke prevention.
CAVE: Making Collective Virtual Narrative: Best Paper Award
Authors: Layng Kris , Perlin Ken , Herscher Sebastian , Brenner Corinne , Meduri Thomas
Published: July 2019

CAVE is a shared narrative six degrees of freedom (6DoF) virtual reality experience. In 3.5 days, 1,927 people attended its premiere at SIGGRAPH 2018. Thirty participants at a time each saw and heard the same narrative from their own individual location in the room, as they would when attending live theater. CAVE set out to disruptively change how audiences collectively experience immersive art and entertainment. Inspired by the social gatherings of theater and cinema, CAVE resonated with viewers in powerful and meaningful ways. Its specific pairing of colocated audiences and physically shared immersive narrative suggests a possible future path for shared cinematic experiences.
A review of the subfamily Centrocneminae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) from Sumatra
Authors: LI HU , YAN KEYU , CONSTANT JEROME , CAI WANZHI
Published: July 2019

Two genera and two species, Neocentrocnemis signoreti (Stål, 1863) and Centrocnemoides sumatrana Miller, 1956, in the subfamily Centrocneminae from Sumatra, are recognized and redescribed. The male genitalia of the two species are described and illustrated for the first time, except for the paramere of N. signoreti.
A new Denisiella Folsom and Mills, 1938 (Collembola: Sminthurididae)from Colombia
Authors: OSPINA MARCELA , PALACIOS-VARGAS JOSÉ G.
Published: July 2019

Denisiella colombiana sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Colombia. Males and females are studied. Two keys for the species of the world are included, one for males and one for females.
A taxonomic revision of Monolepta pallidula species group in Taiwan (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)
Authors: LEE CHI-FENG
Published: July 2019

The species belonging to the Monolepta pallidula species group are revised. Two species are recognized as valid: Monolepta sauteri Chûjô and M. kuroheri Kimoto. Taiwanese populations of Monolepta pallidula (Baly) are a distinct species different from the true M. pallidula. Thus Monolepta gracilipes Chûjô, a junior synonym of M. pallidula from Taiwan, is an available name and should be reinstated. A new species, Monolepta tsoui, is described with delimitation of color variation from its allied species, M. gracilipes. A lectotype is designated for Monolepta gracilipes Chûjô. A key to the species of the species group is provided.
Description of a new Corythucha Stål from Argentina (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae), with a description of its life cycle
Authors: MONTEMAYOR SARA I.
Published: July 2019

A new species of the genus Corythucha, C. bonaerensis n. sp., is described along with its egg and all immature stages. It was found in the province of Buenos Aires (Argentina) feeding on Quercus robur, its host plant. Comments on the life history of C. bonaerensis are provided together with photographs, and illustrations. The main differences with the other South American species, and other Corythucha species that feed on Quercus worldwide, are also discussed.
Type specimens and type localities of Peruvian birds described by Jean Cabanis on the basis of Konstanty Jelski's collections
Authors: MLÍKOVSKÝ JIŘÍ , FRAHNERT SYLKE
Published: July 2019

Jean Cabanis, curator of ornithology at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany, described, in 1873–1874, 34 new species of birds on the basis of specimens collected in Peru by Konstanty Jelski, a Polish naturalist. He borrowed or purchased these specimens from Władysław Taczanowski (1819–1890), curator of zoology at the Imperial Warszawa University in Warszawa, Poland. We located and identified their types in the museums of Berlin (ZMB) and Warszawa (MIZ). Types of 21 species (28 type specimens) were deposited in the ZMB, of which types of 18 species (22 specimens) survive. The MIZ originally housed types of 14 species (19 type specimens), of which the types of only four species (4 specimens) survive. Overall, all types were lost for 12 species of Peruvian birds described by Cabanis on the basis of Jelski’s collections.
Elacatinus lobeli, a new cleaning goby from Belize and Honduras
Authors: RANDALL JOHN E. , COLIN PATRICK L.
Published: July 2019

Elacatinus lobeli is described as a new species of cleaning goby from coral reefs of Belize and Islas de la Bahía, Honduras. Formerly misidentified as E. oceanops Jordan, it differs in smaller size (largest, 31 mm SL vs. 41 mm for E. oceanops), 10–12 (rarely 12) branched caudal rays vs. 12–14 (rarely 12) for E. oceanops, a mode of 16 pectoral rays vs. 17 for E. oceanops, a longer pelvic disk, averaging 17.1% SL, vs. 15.6% for E. oceanops), and in life color: notably a bright blue line within a gray stripe on upper side of body, compared to a broad bright blue stripe on E. oceanops. It has been observed in cleaning symbioses with 39 species of fishes representing 19 families. Larval gnathiid isopods have been found in the gut contents.
The larvae of Chinese Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera), Part I: Arctopsyche shimianensis, Parapsyche sp. A, and Diplectrona obscura
Authors: ZHOU XIN
Published: July 2019

DNA sequence libraries (mitochondrial COI barcode and nuclear 28S D2) are built for Chinese caddisflies, a fauna largely under-studied. These independent DNA sequences are used to associate larvae and adults of Chinese Hydropsychidae. As the first part of the result of this work, Arctopsyche shimianensis Gui and Yang, 2000 and Parapsyche sp. A are associated with their adults across both gene markers. Probable association is also made for Diplectrona obscura Ulmer, 1930. Larval descriptions and illustrations are provided for all three species for the first time.
Phylogenetic studies in the South American tribe Dichroplini (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae): is the Paranaense-Pampeano informal genus group a natural clade?
Authors: DINGHI P. A. , CONFALONIERI V. , CIGLIANO M. M.
Published: July 2019

The Dichroplini genera Scotussa, Leiotettix, Ronderosia, Atrachelacris, Chlorus, Eurotettix and Dichromatos have been grouped into the “Paranaense-Pampeano” informal genus group, based on characters of the male genitalia. However, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses showed weak support values or no support at all for this group. In this study, we used molecular and morphological characters to test the monophyly of this informal genus group. Morphological characters included aspects of the general morphology, and male and female genitalia as well. Whereas the molecular data was based on one mitochondrial gene: cytochrome oxidase I. Independent and combined phylogenetic analyses of the data were performed under both unweighted and implied weighting parsimony. Our results showed that, when only molecular data is considered, the “Paranaense-Pampeano” informal genus group is not recovered. However, the group is monophyletic according to morphological and combined analyses. The “Paranaense-Pampeano” informal genus group is considered to be a natural clade; therefore, we propose the genus group name Scotussae. As a final remark, the molecular data provided in most cases the same evidence of relationships as morphology.
Larva and pupa of Nilio (Linio) lanatus Germar, 1824 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: SIMÕES MARIANNA V. P. , QUINTINO HINGRID Y. S. , MONNÉ MARCELA L.
Published: July 2019

The larva and pupa of Nilio (Linio) lanatus Germar, 1824 are described and illustrated. The larva of Nilio (L.) lanatus differs from the other known larvae of the genus mainly by the body elongate covered with black and white hairs, the head with four stemmata and the mesothorax with one pair of ventral annular spiracles. Biological observations were made in Atlantic Forest, in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Revision of Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Brazil with synonymic notes, identification key to the species and description of three new species
Authors: BORGES ZULEICA M. , COURI MARCIA S.
Published: July 2019

Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera: Syrphidae) species from Brazil are revised, including the examination of most of the types. Thirty six species are confirmed. Twenty seven are synonymized: T. dispar (Fabricius, 1794) [=T. vicinus (Macquart, 1846), T. tridentatus (Rondani, 1868) T. annulifer (Bigot, 1884), T. ruficaudatus (Bigot 1884), & T. triangulatus (Hull, 1942)], T. duplicatus (Wiedemann, 1830) [=T. vatius (Walker, 1852), T. gemini (Hull, 1941), T. arcturus (Hull, 1943), T. bipunctatus (Hull, 1943)], Syrphus basalis Walker, 1837 [=T. portius (Walker, 1852), T. rhea (Hull, 1949), T. harlequinus (Hull, 1951)], T. pictus (Macquart, 1842) [=T. jaguarinus (Bigot, 1884), T. maculatus (Bigot, 1884)], T. pulchellus (Macquart, 1846) [=T. punctatus Sack, 1921], T. virgulatus (Schiner, 1868) [=T. confusus (Schiner, 1868)], T. laenas (Walker, 1852) [=T. barbulus (Walker, 1852), T. nitidiventris (Curran, 1930), T. vitreus (Hull, 1941)], T. norma (Curran, 1930) [=T. mulio (Hull, 1941)], T. productus (Curran, 1930) [=T. triradiatus (Hull, 1942), T. camilla (Hull, 1951), T. cyrillus (Hull, 1951), T. vanessa (Hull, 1951)], T. watsoni (Curran, 1930) [=T. lanei (Hull, 1942)], T. steatogaster (Hull, 1941) [=T. steatornis (Hull, 1943)], T. idalius (Hull, 1951) [=T. eurydice (Hull, 1951)]. Two new combinations are presented: Mesogramma apegiensis Harbach, 1974 (=Toxomerus apegiensis) and Syphus basalis Walker, 1837 (= Toxomerus basalis); six new records for Brazil are included: T. difficilis (Curran, 1930), T. idalius (Hull, 1951), T. productus (Curran, 1930), T. purus (Curran, 1930), T. sylvaticus (Hull, 1943) and T. undecimpunctatus (Enderlein, 1938). Three new species are described: Toxomerus mosaicus, Toxomerus papaveroi and Toxomerus paraduplicatus.
A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: NORRBOM ALLEN L. , KORYTKOWSKI CHESLAVO A.
Published: July 2019

The Anastrepha robusta species group is revised to include the following 29 species: A. amaryllis Tigrero (Ecuador), A. amazonensis, n. sp. (Brazil: Amazonas), A. bella, n. sp. (Panamá), A. binodosa Stone (Brazil: Amazonas, Pará), A. concava Greene (Costa Rica to Ecuador and Brazil: Amazonia), A. cordata Aldrich (México to Venezuela), A. cryptostrepha Hendel (Peru, Surinam), A. cryptostrephoides, n. sp. (Perú), A. disticrux, n. sp. (Jamaica), A. fenestrata Lutz & Lima (Brazil: Amazonas, Pará), A. fenestrella, n. sp. (Costa Rica, Panamá), A. furcata Lima (Panamá, French Guiana, Brazil: Amazonas, Pará, Bahia, Espírito Santo), A. fuscata, n. sp. (Perú), A. isolata, n. sp. (Ecuador, Brazil: Amazonas), A. jamaicensis, n. sp. (Jamaica), A. lambda Hendel (Perú), A. miza, n. sp. (Venezuela), A. nigra, n. sp. (Panamá), A. nigrifascia Stone (Bahamas, USA: Florida), A. nigrivittata, n. sp. (Guyana), A. partita, n. sp. (“Amazon”), A. phaeoptera Lima (Brazil: Bahia, Rio Grande do Sul), A. pittieri Caraballo (Panamá, Venezuela), A. pseudorobusta, n. sp. (Perú, Trinidad, Venezuela), A. rafaeli, n. sp. (Brazil: Roraima, Venezuela), A. robusta Greene (México to Panamá), A. rojasi, n. sp. (Costa Rica, Panamá), A. simulans Zucchi (Brazil: Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro), and A. speciosa Stone (Panamá). Moutabea longifolia is recorded as a host plant of A. rojasi, the first host record for Anastrepha species from the plant family Polygalaceae. The larvae feed on the seeds within the fruit. A key to the species and descriptions and illustrations for each species are provided, and their possible relationships are discussed.
Fifteen new species of Liphanthus Reed (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) with two submarginal cells
Authors: SHARIFI NEGAR MIR , GRAHAM LIAM , PACKER LAURENCE
Published: July 2019

Hitherto, the panurgine genus Liphanthus Reed 1894 has been thought to have only a single species with two, as opposed to three, submarginal cells. Here we describe an additional fifteen species with two submarginal cells. These new species are: L. jenamro Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. sapos Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. domeykoi Packer, L. discolor Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. centralis Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. molavi Mir Sharifi & Packer (all of the above are from Chile), L. abotorabi Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. cochabambensis Mir Sharifi & Packer (both from Bolivia), L. fritzi Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. amblayensis Mir Sharifi & Packer (both from Argentina), L. ancashensis Mir Sharifi & Packer (from Peru), L. tregualemensis Packer (from Chile), L. yrigoyeni Packer, L. sparsipunctus Packer (both from Argentina) and L. aliavenus Packer (from Chile). Only L. tregualemensis readily fits within any of the previously described subgenera—Liphanthus (Leptophanthus) Ruz and Toro 1983. Liphanthus aliavenus is known from two specimens, one with three and one with two submarginal cells whereas L. molavi has one individual with two submarginal cells on one forewing and three on the other while all other specimens have two submarginal cells on each forewing. We verified that none of these new species are merely two submarginal celled variants of species with three submarginal cells (such intraspecific variation arises also in some other bees) by i) comparing each of the new species with all keys, figures and descriptions of all Liphanthus species, ii) comparisons with holotypes and/or paratypes of most of the described species and iii) surveys of the specimens of undescribed species with three submarginal cells in our collection. None of the new species seem closely related to L. (Neoliphanthis) bicellularis Ruz and Toro 1983, the only previously described Liphanthus species with two submarginal cells. It is the second submarginal crossvein that is lost in all species except L. aliavenus in which the first submarginal cross vein is lost. DNA barcode data are presented for some of the species. Some interesting morphological features associated with the penis valves are described and discussed. The genus is recorded from Bolivia for the first time.
Long-term intermittent low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation effectively controls seizures in two drug-free adolescent patients
Authors: Li Hongzhan , Wang Chunyan , Zhang Shaotian , Zhang Chengliang , Lu Rulan , Yun Wenwei , Zhou Xianju
Published: July 2019

Recently, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been widely used for treating neurological and psychiatric diseases. Low-frequency rTMS is used to effectively control the occurrence of seizures, including medication-refractory epilepsy and cortical dysplasia or neocortical epilepsy. However, there have been no reports on the effects of long-term rTMS on epilepsy. We observed the clinical effects of long-term rTMS in two drug-free adolescent epileptic patients with a preference for non-drug therapy. The two drug-free adolescent patients, who underwent intermittent low-frequency rTMS treatment for 36 weeks, obtained effective control of seizures (including episode and severity). However, a systematic study is required to confirm our observations.
Electromechanical composite brake control for two in-wheel motors drive electric vehicle with single motor failure
Authors: Zhang Lipeng , Pang Zhaowen , Wang Sheng , Zhang Silong , Yuan Xinmao
Published: July 2019

To solve the security control problem of two in-wheel motors front-drive electric vehicles with single motor failure, an electromechanical composite brake control method based on the normal working motor and the electromechanical brake systems is proposed. First, the electromechanical brake system model is established and the brake characteristics is verified by bench test. Then, based on the electric vehicle model and the in-wheel motors model that has been verified by a vehicle test, the instability mechanism of the vehicle with single motor failure is analyzed. Next, taking the yaw rate and the side-slip angle as the state variables, an in-loop controller based on model predictive control theory is designed; taking the yaw angle as the state variable, an outer-loop controller based on fuzzy proportional integral derivative control theory is designed. Finally, the expected stability control is achieved by the distribution of four-wheel brake torque. According to the research, compared with the simple drive motor torque following and motor regenerative brake control, the electromechanical composite brake control can enable the vehicle to offset the effects of instability torque more quickly, so that the vehicle can follow the expected motion trajectory basically and improve the vehicle stability.
Who can wear flip-flops to work? Ethnographic vignettes on aesthetic labour in precarity
Authors: van den Berg Marguerite , Arts Josien
Published: July 2019

A central aspect of post-Fordist labour, many claim, is that the personal and the professional are increasingly intertwined. Especially in precarious urban sectors such as the interactive services, the aesthetic presentation of self is part of the product or service offered. Indeed, the separation between consumption and production, between private and work is no longer so strict for many, especially, in terms of aesthetics. Steering clear from sweeping statements about post-Fordism, however, this article offers an empirical examination based on ethnographic vignettes of one particular object that, perhaps surprisingly, appears in self-presentations for labour: the Adidas flip-flop. The Adidas flip-flop became salient in two studies in the Netherlands, in particular, one on the implementation of the Participation Act, which organizes welfare since 2015 and stipulates that it is forbidden for welfare recipients to ‘obstruct employment by dress or personal hygiene’. Case managers in Dutch welfare offices, it turned out, often cited the Adidas flip-flop as the ultimate example of an object that would obstruct employment and by consequence is cause for a welfare penalty. At the same time, the Adidas flip-flop is the preferred footwear of tech entrepreneurs like Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook, a surprising fashion item on runways and the highly valued item of Mario, a respondent in one of the ethnographic vignettes. Across several locations, therefore, we ask what aesthetic and moral interpretations of the Adidas flip-flop are offered, by whom and in what context. This allows for (1) an innovative view of aesthetics for labour, (2) an assessment of what that tells us about post-Fordist labour markets and (3) an understanding of how post-Fordist aesthetic norms can be especially opaque though important for those in precarious positions.
Does the NPS® reflect consumer sentiment? A qualitative examination of the NPS using a sentiment analysis approach
Authors: Lewis Clifford , Mehmet Michael
Published: July 2019

The Net Promoter Score (NPS®) is extensively used as a key performance indicator in practice. Although the scale was initially considered to be a predictor of growth, the literature has disproved this assertion. Despite this, it is argued here that the NPS could be used as a measure of brand health if it provided an effective representation of consumer sentiment toward the brand. This research took a respondent perspective to examine if the NPS effectively captured the consumer’s sentiment. Using a questionnaire design, participants were asked to provide a response on an NPS scale, followed by which they were asked to explain why they gave that score. Therein, a sentiment analysis approach was applied and the open-ended responses were coded based on the type and strength of the attitude. The results indicate that at an overall level, the NPS captures the sentiment participants feel toward a brand. However, caution should be used when classifying participants into detractors, passives, and promoters.
Prognostic impact of malnutrition assessed using geriatric nutritional risk index in patients aged ⩾80 years with heart failure
Authors: Nakamura Tomohiro , Matsumoto Mitsunari , Haraguchi Yumiko , Ishida Takeshi , Momomura Shin-ichi
Published: July 2019

Aims:

Malnutrition in elderly patients is one of the important issues in an aging society. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of malnutrition assessed using the geriatric nutritional risk index in very elderly patients hospitalized owing to heart failure.

Methods:

We enrolled 213 consecutive patients aged ⩾80 years who were hospitalized with heart failure. The mean age was 87.2 ± 4.9 years, and 43.7% of them were male. The nutritional status on admission was evaluated using the geriatric nutritional risk index, which was calculated as follows: 14.89 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 41.7 × body mass index/22. The patients were divided into two groups, a low geriatric nutritional risk index group (<92) with malnutrition risk and a high geriatric nutritional risk index group (⩾92) without malnutrition risk.

Results:

The mean geriatric nutritional risk index of all patients was 90.7 ± 10.6, and 108 patients (50.7%) had low geriatric nutritional risk index. During the 540-day follow-up, the all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the low geriatric nutritional risk index group than in the high geriatric nutritional risk index group (35.7% vs. 12.9%, p < 0.001). The Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis revealed that low geriatric nutritional risk index was an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–4.49; p = 0.02).

Conclusions:

Low geriatric nutritional risk index on admission was common and was associated with poor prognosis in patients aged ⩾80 years who were hospitalized owing to heart failure.
Genome-wide identification of binding sites and gene targets of Alx1, a pivotal regulator of echinoderm skeletogenesis
Authors: Khor Jian Ming , Guerrero-Santoro Jennifer , Ettensohn Charles A.
Published: July 2019

Alx1 is a conserved regulator of skeletogenesis across echinoderms and evolutionary changes in Alx1 sequence and expression have played a pivotal role in modifying programs of skeletogenesis within the phylum. Alx1 regulates a large suite of effector genes that control the morphogenetic behaviors and biomineral-forming activities of skeletogenic cells. To better understand the gene regulatory control of skeletogenesis by Alx1, we used genome-wide ChIP-seq to identify Alx1 binding sites and direct gene targets. Our analysis revealed that many terminal differentiation genes receive direct transcriptional inputs from Alx1. In addition, we found that intermediate transcription factors previously shown to be downstream of Alx1 all receive direct inputs from Alx1. Thus, Alx1 appears to regulate effector genes by indirect, as well as direct, mechanisms. We tested 23 high-confidence ChIP-seq peaks using GFP reporters and identified 18 active CRMs; this represents a high success rate for CRM discovery. Detailed analysis of a representative CRM confirmed that a conserved, palindromic Alx1 binding site was essential for expression. Our work significantly advances our understanding of the gene regulatory circuitry that controls skeletogenesis in sea urchins and provides a framework for evolutionary studies.
Synergistic repression of thyroid hyperplasia by cyclin C and Pten
Authors: Jezek Jan , Wang Kun , Yan Ruilan , Di Cristofano Antonio , Cooper Katrina F. , Strich Randy
Published: July 2019

The cyclin C–Cdk8 kinase has been identified as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene depending on the cell type. The genomic locus encoding cyclin C (Ccnc) is often deleted in aggressive anaplastic thyroid tumors. To test for a potential tumor suppressor role for cyclin C, Ccnc alone, or Ccnc in combination with a previously described thyroid tumor suppressor Pten, was deleted late in thyroid development. Although mice harboring individual Pten or Ccnc deletions exhibited modest thyroid hyperplasia, the double mutant demonstrated dramatic thyroid expansion resulting in animal death by 22 weeks. Further analysis revealed that Ccncthyr−/− tissues exhibited a reduction in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) phosphorylation at Ser727. Further analysis uncovered a post-transcriptional requirement of both Pten and cyclin C in maintaining the levels of the p21 and p53 tumor suppressors (also known as CDKN1A and TP53, respectively) in thyroid tissue. In conclusion, these data reveal the first tumor suppressor role for cyclin C in a solid tumor model. In addition, this study uncovers new synergistic activities of Pten and cyclin C to promote quiescence through maintenance of p21 and p53.
Trans-endocytosis elicited by nectins transfers cytoplasmic cargo, including infectious material, between cells
Authors: Generous Alex R. , Harrison Oliver J. , Troyanovsky Regina B. , Mateo Mathieu , Navaratnarajah Chanakha K. , Donohue Ryan C. , Pfaller Christian K. , Alekhina Olga , Sergeeva Alina P. , Indra Indrajyoti , Thornburg Theresa , Kochetkova Irina , Billadeau Daniel D. , Taylor Matthew P. , Troyanovsky Sergey M. , Honig Barry , Shapiro Lawrence , Cattaneo Roberto
Published: July 2019

Here, we show that cells expressing the adherens junction protein nectin-1 capture nectin-4-containing membranes from the surface of adjacent cells in a trans-endocytosis process. We find that internalized nectin-1–nectin-4 complexes follow the endocytic pathway. The nectin-1 cytoplasmic tail controls transfer: its deletion prevents trans-endocytosis, while its exchange with the nectin-4 tail reverses transfer direction. Nectin-1-expressing cells acquire dye-labeled cytoplasmic proteins synchronously with nectin-4, a process most active during cell adhesion. Some cytoplasmic cargo remains functional after transfer, as demonstrated with encapsidated genomes of measles virus (MeV). This virus uses nectin-4, but not nectin-1, as a receptor. Epithelial cells expressing nectin-4, but not those expressing another MeV receptor in its place, can transfer infection to nectin-1-expressing primary neurons. Thus, this newly discovered process can move cytoplasmic cargo, including infectious material, from epithelial cells to neurons. We name the process nectin-elicited cytoplasm transfer (NECT). NECT-related trans-endocytosis processes may be exploited by pathogens to extend tropism.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Isotropic Site-Site Dispersion Potential Determined from Localized Frequency-Dependent Density Susceptibility
Authors: Yokogawa Daisuke
Published: July 2019

Accurate dispersion energy calculations with a low computational cost are necessary in molecular mechanics to evaluate the stabilization of large neutral molecules, as observed in self-assembly systems. However, it is difficult to achieve accurate calculations with a low computational cost. To overcome this difficulty, in this paper, we extend upon our previous approach in two important ways: by introducing a spherical transition density and applying a new fitting approach. With this approach, we can reproduce the Hartree-Fock dispersion energy $E_{\text{disp}}^{(20)}$ in the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) with a low computational cost. Moreover, using the coupled perturbed Hartree-Fock method, the potential presented in this study can improve the error arising from the MP2-like sum-over-states dispersion formula used in $E_{\text{disp}}^{(20)}$.
Recent advances in aortic valve replacement
Authors: Spadaccio Cristiano , Alkhamees Khalid , Al-Attar Nawwar
Published: July 2019

Aortic valve replacement has stood the test of time but is no longer an operation that is exclusively approached through a median sternotomy using only sutured prostheses. Currently, surgical aortic valve replacement can be performed through a number of minimally invasive approaches employing conventional mechanical or bioprostheses as well as sutureless valves. In either case, the direct surgical access allows inspection of the valve, complete excision of the diseased leaflets, and debridement of the annulus in a controlled and thorough manner under visual control. It can be employed to treat aortic valve pathologies of all natures and aetiologies. When compared with transcatheter valves in patients with a high or intermediate preoperative predictive risk, conventional surgery has not been shown to be inferior to transcatheter valve implants. As our understanding of sutureless valves and their applicability to minimally invasive surgery advances, the invasiveness and trauma of surgery can be reduced and outcomes can improve. This warrants further comparative trials comparing sutureless and transcatheter valves.
Los efectos sonoros en las series radiofónicas: el caso de la serie policíaca Taxi Key
Authors: Arias García Elisa
Published: July 2019

Los efectos sonoros en las series radiofónicas cumplen una función esencial en la recreación de los escenarios y acciones, contribuyen a otorgar verosimilitud a las escenas representadas y favorecen la generación de imágenes mentales en el oyente, tanto desde una perspectiva denotativa como connotativa. En el presente artículo se plantea el análisis de un caso concreto, el correspondiente a la serie policíaca Taxi Key. Entre los objetivos del estudio se encuentran: identificar y describir las principales funciones que desempeñan los efectos sonoros en los guiones de la serie, así como su vinculación con el género policíaco y la ambientación de misterio; establecer si existe evolución en cuanto al número de efectos empleados en función de las diversas etapas del seriado; determinar cuálesson los efectos de sonido más frecuentes en los capítulos analizados. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que en la serie Taxi Key prevalece la función descriptivo-ambiental, aunque estén presentes la narrativa y la expresiva. La primera etapa de la serie es la que registra una mayor diversidad de efectos sonoros.
La voz de Dios: características en el cine de Hollywood
Authors: Medina Ávila Virginia , Ponce Capdeville Berenice
Published: July 2019

El propósito de esta comunicación es analizar cómo se representa la voz de Dios en el cine y toma como punto de referencia películas de Hollywood. El interés es contribuir al estudio de la voz, más allá de los círculos de los especialistas foniatras y lingüistas, como objeto significante, personaje-voz (Chion, 2004, p. 29) en la narrativa cinematográfica; así como proponer una metodología de análisis para pensar la voz en el cine, desde una perspectiva cualitativa. El modelo elegido para analizar el lenguaje sonoro, y en particular describir la voz y los diferentes signos sonoros que poseen significado narrativo en el filme, parte del enfoque narratológico posclásico propuesto por David Herman (1999) y se asienta en la audionarratología, su más reciente disciplina. De esta manera, el análisis realizado en el lenguaje sonoro utilizado para representar la voz de Dios en doce películasdel cine hollywoodense bajo variables cualitativas permite concluir que, a pesar de haber detectado ciertos matices diferenciados, existen convenciones mantenidas a través de los años cuando de la representación de la voz de Dios en el cine de Hollywood se trata.
El arco de la investigación científica actual de los mundos sonoros en comunicación: del silencio al grito
Authors: Guarinos Virginia
Published: July 2019

El estudio de la investigación actual en radio, y sonido en general, presenta un déficit de trabajos publicados. En este artículo se rastrean los últimos avances investigadores y los focos de atención en esta materia en aportaciones científicas y tesis doctorales publicadas y defendidas desde 2015 hasta la actualidad. Se observa un aumento constante, desde el punto de vista cuantitativo, además de la incorporación de nuevos temas de interés relacionados con las nuevas tecnologías y los nuevos modelos de consumo y negocio, sobre una muestra de investigaciones españolas o en español en revistas de América Latina, referentes académicos por su posición en índices de calidad científica en el ámbito de la comunicación.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin E-Öğrenmeye Hazır Bulunuşluklarının İncelenmesi: Bartın Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: YILMAZ Ramazan , SEZER Barış , YURDUGÜL Halil
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı Bartın Üniversitesi’nde
bir ve son sınıflarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin e-öğrenmeye hazır bulunuşluk
düzeylerini ve bunun üzerinde etkili olan faktörleri belirlemektir. Araştırmada
tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları birinci ve son
sınıftaki 5021 öğrencidir. Veri toplama aracı olarak demografik bilgiler formu
ve altı faktör ve 33 maddeden oluşan e-öğrenmeye hazır bulunuşluk ölçeği
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ölçek geneli için öğrencilerin hazır
bulunuşluk düzeylerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu, alt boyutlar açısından
bakıldığında bilgisayar öz-yeterliği ve e-öğrenmeye yönelik motivasyon alt
boyutlarında orta, kendi kendine öğrenme, çevrimiçi iletişim öz-yeterliği, internet
öz-yeterliği ve öğrenen kontrolü alt boyutlarında yüksek düzeyde olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca erkek öğrencilerin e-öğrenme hazır bulunuşluklarının kadın
öğrencilere göre, son sınıf öğrencilerinin birinci sınıftaki öğrencilere göre,
kişisel bilgisayar sahip olan öğrencilerin olmayanlara göre, internet
bağlantısı olan akıllı telefona sahip olan öğrencilerin olmayanlara göre daha
yüksek düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın diğer bir bulgusuna göre
öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri fakülteye/yüksekokula göre e-öğrenmeye hazır
bulunuşluk puan ortalamaları arasında farklılıkların olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda çeşitli önerilerde
bulunulmuştur.
Bibliyografik Künye Karekodu Oluşturma Etkinliğine Yönelik Öğrenci, Öğretmen ve Okul Kütüphanecisi Görüşleri
Authors: MENZİ ÇETİN Nihal , AKKOYUNLU Buket
Published: July 2019

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri bilgiye erişme,
bilgiyi paylaşma, iletme, bilgi ile iletişim kurma, yazma ve sunum yapma gibi
işlemleri yerine getiren çeşitli araçlar sunmaktadır. Karekodlar mobil
araçlarda kullanılan ve bilgiye erişimi hızlandıran araçlardan biridir. İlgi
çekici ve kullanımı kolay bir araç olarak karekodlardan eğitim ortamında
faydalanılmakta ve olumlu sonuçlar elde edilmektedir. Çeşitli araçları
kullanarak bilgi becerilerini kazandırmayı amaçlayan ‘bilimsel iletişim öğretim
programı’ ortaokul altıncı sınıf öğrencilerine yönelik geliştirilmiş ve
uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada bilimsel iletişim öğretim programında yer alan
etkinliklerden biri olan bibliyografik künye karekodu oluşturma etkinliğine
katılan öğrencilerin, öğretmenlerin ve okul kütüphanecisinin etkinliğe yönelik görüşleri
incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda söz konusu etkinliğin öğrencilerin bilgi
kaynaklarına ve kütüphaneye yönelik bakış açılarını olumlu etkilediği ve öğrencilerin
kütüphane ortamında karekodlardan yararlanabilecekleri faydalı bir etkinlik
olduğu ifade edilmiştir.