bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with the Use of Primary Care Centres in Persons with Schizophrenia
Authors: Anguiano MCarmen Castillejos , Pérez Carlos Martín , Aragon Antonio Bordallo , Küstner Berta Moreno
Published: March 2020

Background. Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders have more physical problems than the general population. Primary care professionals play an important role in the care of these patients as they are the main entry point into the healthcare system. We aimed to identify patient, general practitioner, and primary care centre factors associated with the number of visits of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders to general practitioners. Methods. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 primary care centres belonging to the Clinical Management Unit of Mental Health of the Regional Hospital of Málaga, Spain. The eligible population was composed of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders attending these primary care centres in the study area. Our dependent variable was the total number of general practitioner visits made by patients with schizophrenia and related disorders during the 3.5-year observation period. The independent variables were grouped into three: a) patient variables (sociodemographic and clinical), b) general practitioner variables, and c) primary care centre characteristics. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses using the random forest method were performed. Results. A total of 259 patients with schizophrenia and related disorders, 96 general practitioners, and 13 primary care centres were included. The annual mean was 3.9 visits per patient. The results showed that general practitioner age, patient gender, patient marital status, primary care centre to which the patient belonged, taking antipsychotic medication, presenting any cardiovascular risk factor, and frequency of mental health training sessions at the primary care centre were associated with an increased number of visits to general practitioners. Conclusions. The only general practitioner characteristic that was associated with the number of visits was age. There were also patient variables involved in the number of visits. Finally, mental health training for general practitioners was important for these professionals to manage patients with schizophrenia and related disorders.
Long-term clinicopathological prognosis on 609 cases after gastrectomy: A 10-year follow up single-institutional retrospective analysis
Authors: Liu Guoxiao , Cui Hao , Zhang Wang , Cao Bo , Chen Zhida , Cong Ting , Deng Huan , Chen Lin , Wei Bo
Published: March 2020

Objective: This retrospective study focused on relevant factors about gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy after 10 years, which showed great significance of prolonging survival time of gastric cancer patients. Methods: 609 gastric cancer patients after surgery were recruited from January, 2005 to December, 2007. They were perfectly followed and their clinicopathological data were collected. Univariate analysis was performed using Log-rank test in order to compare survival rates between or among groups. The outcomes with statistical significance (P<0.05) were screened out. Cox regression model was employed for survival multivariate analysis. Forward stepwise LR analysis was used to screen the factors influencing survival qualities of relevant patients after surgery. Results: Univariate analysis indicated that prognosis was correlated with age, pT stage, pN stage, pM stage, tumor size, location, type of gastrectomy, degree of differentiation, vascular invasion, nerve invasion, radical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, pTNM stage and BMI (P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that pT stage, pN stage, pM stage, degree of differentiation, vascular invasion, nerve invasion, radical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, pTNM stage were independent prognostic factors of GC patients (P＜0.05). Conclusions: The 10-year survival rates of gastric cancer patients are primarily determined by tumor progression. Appropriate treatment can improve prognosis of patients. Early diagnosis of gastric cancer and prompt implementation of radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy are essential for increasing survival rates. This study provides a promising direction for future basic researches.
Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cao Ailing , Wang Qian , Zhou Xianmei
Published: March 2020

Background Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia is an unusual histopathological pattern of acute lung injury. To improve the understanding of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia, we herein present one case of a patient with acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia proven by percutaneous lung biopsy along with clinical features, chest imaging and pathology. Case presentation A 70-year-old man was admitted to our department and was initially diagnosed to have community-acquired pneumonia. He had no specific symptoms and signs on presentation. Chest computed tomography scan showed a high-density shadow in the right basement of the lower lobe. The patient was preliminarily diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia; however, antibacterial treatment was ineffective. To confirm the diagnosis, we performed twice percutaneous lung biopsy, and pathology was consistent with acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. After he was treated with glucocorticoids, the shadow seen on imaging dissipated during the follow-up period. Conclusion Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia is a rare histopathological diagnosis, which often has a delay in diagnosis. Clinicians need to consider the possibility of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia in the case of invalid antibacterial therapy. Further studies are needed to better classify acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia, and characterise its clinical presentations, course and treatment.
Cloning, expression and monoclonal antibody of porcine interferon-regulated antiviral gene
Authors: Wang Hua , Jiao Yajuan , Kong Ning , Tong Wu , Sun Dage , Dong Sujie , Chen Xiaoyong , Zhai Huanjie , Bai Yuanzhe , Zheng Hao , Yu Hai , Li Liwei , Gao Fei , Yu Lingxue , Jiang Yifeng , Zhou Yanjun , Li Guoxin , Liu Changlong , Tong Guangzhi , Shan Tongling
Published: March 2020

Background IRAV (interferon-regulated antiviral gene) was identified with antiviral activity as a novel interferon-stimulated gene. IRAV is upregulated in response to type I and type II IFNs and a number of virus. However, the antiviral activity of IRAV to virus infection is poorly understood. Methods To obtain the antibody against IRAV, we cloned the full-length IRAV complementary DNA (cDNA) from porcine kidney cells firstly. And then, the porcine IRAV protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), purified and immunized to female BALB/c mice. Finally, we determined the specificity of the MAbs by indirect ELISA, Western blotting and IFA. Results Five strains of hybridoma cells named 2B10, 2G12, 2H1,5A8 and 2C5 secreting anti-IRAV MAbs were obtained. By western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence assay, the MAbs were identified with the specific reaction with the overexpressed porcine IRAV protein in PK15 cells. Conclusions The MAbs against porcine IRAV, identified by western blot and IFA, provid a valuable tool to study the biological function of IRAV in the future.
Isolation nontuberculous mycobacteria and histopathological changes in lymph nodes collected at the abattoir in cattle reactive-positive to tuberculin dermal test
Authors: Jarguín Angélica María Hernández , Martínez-Burnes Julio , Molina-Salinas Gloria M. , Cruz-Hernández Ned I. de la , Palomares-Rangel José L. , Mayagoitia Alfonso López , Barrios-García Hugo B.
Published: March 2020

Background: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex causes a variety of diseases; in bovine, the common pathogen is M. bovis which is considered zoonotic. A separate group of mycobacteria, much less known, is "non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) which are also infectious for animals and humans. The Mexican Official Norm (NOM-ZOO-031-1995) regulates M. bovis in cattle, but not NTM species, even though this last type of microorganisms has a confounding effect for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The objective of the study was to isolate and identify the NTM of bovine lymph nodes condemned in the slaughterhouse, to characterize the histological lesions in these tissues and to correlate bacteriological and postmortem findings with the antemortem skin test of the tuberculin. Results: Mycobacteria were isolated from 54/528 (10.2%) of the lymph nodes; 29/54 (53.7%) of these isolates were identified as M. bovis and 25/54 (46.2%) as NTM; 3 bacteriological cultures were discarded due to contamination with fungi and in one case it was not possible to identify the species. Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous inflammation were observed in 6/21 (28.6%) and 7/21 (33.3%) of the NTM-positive lymph nodes, respectively. Necrosis and mineralization were only found in 6/21(28.6%) of the lymph nodes. The species of NTM associated with granulomatous lymphadenitis were M. scrofulaceum, M. triviale, M. terrae and M. szulgai, while those causing pyogranulomatous lesions were M. szulgai, M. kansasii, M. phlei, and M. scrofulaceum. Conclusions: Considering the increase of mycobacterial infections in humans worldwide, the idetification of NTM that inducing Tuberculosis-like lesions in abattoir inspection is the first step to investigate the livestock-human-wildlife-environment interactions with especially focus on transmission dynamics.
Morphometric and Seismic Hazard Analysis of Achankovil Shear Zone in Part of Kerala and Tamil Nadu States, India
Authors: Erumathadathil Praseeda , Ganapathy Ganapathy Pattukandan
Published: March 2020

Numerous studies have considered Achankovil shear zone as NW-SE trending Precambrian crustal scale structure. Two major faults namely Thenmala and Thenmala south faults are also identified as associated with this shear zone by earlier studies. The present study identified segmented lineaments in these zones. The major drainages in this zone are flowing in a general NW-SE trend. The rock units surrounding these faults are also trending in NW-SE directionThe present study applied both conventional and recent geomorphic parameters to identify anomalies in the terrain. Morphometric results suggest that the area between Thenmala fault and Thenmala South fault especially the central part exhibits anomalies in parameters for example elongation ratio, bifurcation ratio and stream frequency. Recent study identified continuities of NW-SE trending faults as brittle deformation in the southeastern continuity, away from hill ranges and identified as geologically young deformation. The M=6.0 Coimbatore earthquake of 1900 is the largest event reported in the region which occurred in Palghat Cauvery shear zone. The nearest seismic source zone identified is the one located in KKPT shear zone located 70-80 km from the study area which produced a M=5.0 event. There are also several instances of historic and recent earthquakes reported in the study area. Considering the general trend of the seismic source zone reported in the peninsular India the NW-SE trending faults can generate a Magnitude M >5.0. We calculated peek ground acceleration for a magnitude of M=5.5 as the maximum credible earthquake that can generate by these two faults. The peak ground acceleration that Thirunelveli, the nearest city, would experience from Thenmala fault is of the range of 0.287-0.262.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of early death in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Cruz-Ku Gabriel De la , Chambergo-Michilot Diego , Torres-Roman J. Smith , Rebaza Pamela , Pinto Joseph , Araujo Jhajaira , Morante Zaida , Enriquez Daniel , Flores Claudio , Luque Renato , Saavedra Antonella , Lujan Maria , Gomez Henry , Valcarcel Bryan
Published: March 2020

Background The prediction of survival using the neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) in metastatic breast cancer is still under debate. We aimed to determine the mortality prognostic value of the NLR in female patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Methods. We reviewed 118 medical records of patients diagnosed and treated in a tertiary-care center over a 14-year period. The cut-off value for the NLR (<2.5 and ≥2.5) was determined with receiver operating characteristic curves (area under the curve: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.615, 0.851). Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the Log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify the risk of mortality at two years. We further performed sensitivity analyses with different cut-off values and subgroup analysis in patients that only received chemotherapy. Results. The median follow-up was 24 months. Patients with an NLR ≥2.5 had a worse overall survival compared to patients with a NLR <2.5 (6% vs. 28%, p<0.001) at two years. This outcome remained consistent when we stratified for patients that received chemotherapy (8% vs. 36%, p=0.001). Multivariate analysis identified the NLR (≥2.5 vs. <2.5) at diagnosis as a prognostic risk factor for mortality in the entire population (HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.32-3.39) and in patients that received chemotherapy (HR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.46 – 4.92). Conclusions. The NLR is an accessible biomarker that predicts early mortality in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Physicians can use these results to predict survival in these patients.
A novel prediction model for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease based on serological biomarkers
Authors: Gao Jun , Xie Chunyan , Yu Xin , Xiao Yingbin , Peng Xiaogang , Ying Xiangbao , Li Daojing , Zhou Fan
Published: March 2020

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of digestive cancers, is a common complication of chronic liver disease (CLD). Currently, HCC is often diagnosed by radiological examination. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in a vital mammalian DNA epigenetic modification that is found in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and carries tumor-specific epigenetic information. It may also serve as a potential cancer biomarker for HCC diagnosis. Our study aimed to establish a statistical diagnostic model for diagnosing the risk of HCC in individual patients with CLD according objective tests, especially serological tumor markers. Methods:Based on the 5hmC-seal technique, the genome-wide-5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and gene body 5hmC content in cfDNA samples from 96 patients were analyzed. Patients were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; 64 patients had HCC and 32 patients had CLD. Peripheral blood samples were prospectively collected, followed by blood preparation and cfDNA extraction. Independent risk factors associated with HCC were identified by logistic regression, and a diagnostic model was developed and evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, and correct diagnostic results. Results:The ﬁnal model revealed sex, age, 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and afetoprotein (AFP) as diagnostic indicators in a “discovery” data set. A novel statistical model was formed using the formula: Z = -18.160 + 0.081*age + 1.867*sex + 1.066*(logAFP) + 1.964*(log5hmC), which had an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.973. With 0.7636 as the cutoff point, the model had an estimated sensitivity of 0.891 and a specificity of 0.969. The novel model provides a reliable and stable capacity to predict HCC in patients with CLD. Conclusions: The study findings provide an objective blood serum marker-based model that could enhance the diagnostic efficiency of HCC and form a basis for the early detection of surgically resectable liver cancers in high-risk individuals.
Factors associated with Hepatitis B screening and completion of vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala's informal settlements, Uganda
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Isunju John Bosco , Mutyoba Joan Nankya , Tetui Moses , Mugambe Richard K. , Nalugya Aisha , Wagaba Brenda , Oputan Patience , Bukenya Justine Nnakate , Buregyeya Esther , Kibira Simon P.S.
Published: March 2020

Background Young psychoactive substance users exhibit high-risk behaviours which can increase their risk to Hepatitis B infection. However, there is limited information on screening, and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal settlements. Therefore, this study determined the factors associated with Hepatitis B screening, and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala’s informal settlements, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Respondent driven sampling was used to enroll 768 respondents from 12 informal settlements. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Stata version 14. A “modified” Poisson regression analysis was done to determine the factors associated with Hepatitis B screening while logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule. Results Out of the 768 respondents, only 13.3% had ever screened for Hepatitis B and 2.7% had completed the Hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Being a female (aPR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.11-2.33), earning a monthly income >USD 136 (aPR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11-2.86); completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule (aPR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.26-2.70); lack of awareness about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aPR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27-0.68); and the belief that the Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aPR 3.67, 95% CI: 2.34-5.73) were associated with “ever screening” for Hepatitis B. Knowledge about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aOR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.35); “ever screening” for hepatitis B (aOR 9.68, 95% CI: 2.17-43.16) and the belief that the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aOR 11.8, 95% CI: 1.13-110.14) were associated with completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule. Conclusion Our findings indicate a low prevalence of Hepatitis B screening and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal urban settings. It is evident that lack of awareness about Hepatitis B is associated with the low screening and vaccination rates. We recommend mass sensitisation of young psychoactive substance users in urban informal settlements on Hepatitis B.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF PERSONNEL WORK AS AN ELEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE BUSINESS PROCESS
Authors: Pavlenko O. , Maksymenko I. , Lapin Ie. , Kasianenko V.
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, the search for the effective tools in a sphere of personnel management are still on, and these issues is crucial especially for the Ukrainian enterprises. The article is aimed to analyze the effectiveness of staff as an element of the business-processes system of an enterprise. Among all the approaches the authors put their attention to evolutional and revolutional approaches to reengineering of the business-processes, and the key role of the personnel in these processes. Particular attention was given to the identification of personnel management essence in terms of business-process management, the pathways of optimizations of the business-processes, .and the main problems of HR-management that can be identified under the audit process. The case methodology was used to reveal the best practices in the improvement of HR-management system.
Keywords: personnel, business process, analysis, enterprise, management.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND TRENDS OF THE WORLD AND UKRAINE OIL MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
Authors: Hubarieva I. , Rudyka V.
Published: March 2020

The article assesses the state and defines the main tendencies of the development of the world and Ukrainian oil markets. Analysis of trends in the development of the world and domestic oil markets was carried out on the basis of data describing both stocks and production, and consumption of oil, as well as production from it and consumption of petroleum products, taking into account foreign economic relations of the country. The regional structure of world production, consumption, export and import of oil is estimated. The assessment of the state and trends of the world and Ukrainian oil markets is the basis for choosing the priority directions of ensuring Ukraine's energy security.
Key words: oil, oil market, fuel and energy resources, regional structure, development
NEW APPROACHES TO BANKING BUSINESS MODELS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: D’yakonova I. , Pakhnenko O. , Shevchenko L.
Published: March 2020

The factors of the post-crisis development of the world banking system, the strengthening of the role of information technology in all industries, the increasing role of innovative Fintech intermediaries in the banking market encourage the management of banks to revise traditional business models and to form new approaches to managing the modern bank. In the article the authors aimed to investigate the impact of digitization on the choice of banking business model and the development of algorithm for estimating a bank’s business model.
Traditionally banks choose one of five business models: lending, high leverage, investment, fee, margin. Most operating banks opt for traditional models because the business environment requires it. However, maintaining the bank’s competitiveness, enhancing its efficiency and resilience to financial imbalances is possible by building an
innovative business model that takes into account the modern diffusion of information technology and the functioning of FinTech companies as an alternative to traditional banking business. Although nobody knows yet what will replace the current business model, there are currently three approaches to assimilating FinTech in banking: the Financial Control Center, Banking-as-a-Service, the Niche Bank. The choice of the banking business model and its transformation should be accompanied by an assessment of the bank’s business model.
Thus, an important component of banking management in an unstable environment is the analysis of the business model of the bank and its transformation in order to minimize the impact of possible negative effects of financial crises on the performance of the bank. The proposed algorithm for estimating a bank’s business model includes 6 stages: preliminary assessment of the main components of the bank’s business model; assessment of the business environment of the bank; stress testing of the viability of the bank’s business model; evaluation of the bank’s strategy; identification of key vulnerabilities to which the bank’s business model is prone or likely to be vulnerable; and justification of the results and formation of effective conclusions.
Keywords: banks, banking business model, banking management, digital economy, business model innovation.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EVALUATION MODELS EFFECTIVENESS OF INVESTMENTS IN INNOVATION PROJECTS (PART 1)
Authors: Zaitsev O.
Published: March 2020

The article describes the main models and methodological tools for evaluating the effectiveness of investment and innovation measures and mechanisms that have been developed and applied in the economic environment since the mid-twentieth century. The article discusses two directions in the assessment of investments: the direction of market evaluation of the introduction of innovation / investment and the direction of the assessment of the effectiveness of capital investment (investment) in the development of new technology (innovation), which was used in the conditions of non-market (planned) economic system. The article has characteristics about the advantages and disadvantages of both areas. The direction of further development of investment efficiency assessment models is outlined.
Keywords: net present value, discounting, economic efficiency of capital investments, reduced costs, indicator of the speed of specific increment in value.
HIGHER EDUCATION AS A FACTOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY
Authors: Tsyhaniuk D. , Tsyrulyk S.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the basic indicators of higher education and explores the impact of higher education on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. Using econometric modeling, the influence of higher education on the Ukrainian economy at the macro level is analyzed. It was revealed that among the analyzed factors characterizing higher education at the macro level, the greatest positive impact on the dynamics of Ukraine’s GDP is exerted by state investments in higher education. In addition, during the study, an analysis of the impact of higher education on the economy of Ukraine at the micro level was carried out. According to the results of this analysis, a low level of socio-economic returns from higher education for the population is established in comparison with the EU countries.
Key words: higher education, management of higher education, human capital, labor market, economic development, social and economic inequality.
FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY AS A COMPONENT UKRAINE'S NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Zaharkina L. , Zaitsev O.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the use of financial leverages to ensure environmental security as a component of Ukraine's national security. Scientific approaches to the concept and constituents of environmental security, peculiarities of its legislative regulation are analyzed. The dynamics of budget revenues using environmental taxation mechanisms have been investigated. The conclusions of its effectiveness are made. Structural analysis of the Consolidated Budget expenditures on environmental protection was also conducted. It is concluded that there is an imbalance in budgetary policy in the field of environmental security. And it is an indicator for decreasing the state's environmental security in the future.
Operational control over the financial stability of banking
Authors: Kuznetsova Angela , Samorodov Borys , Azarenkova Galyna , Oryekhova Kateryna , Babenko Maksym
Published: March 2020

Maintaining proper financial stability of each banking institution is one of the main tasks facing the banking system of Ukraine. This enables operational control over the financial strength of banking activities.The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations on the operational control of financial stability of banking and to test them using banking institutions in Ukraine as an example.To execute operational control over the financial stability of banking, economic standards of banking regulation are grouped under the “at least” or “not exceeding” principle. To determine their change over time, Shewhart control charts are proposed.The recommendations were tested through the example of the Ukrainian banking institutions (with state, foreign and private capital). It was found out that in 2017–2019, the following three economic standards of banking regulations were not met: regulatory capital adequacy, high credit risk, and average investments; besides, there were two standards at the limit of control value: the ratio of regulatory capital to total assets and the maximum amount of credit risk per counterparty.To improve the financial status of banking institutions, it is recommended to take organizational and financial measures to change the average value of the relevant economic standards for banking regulation to a level that ensures financial stability.
Dry Emulsions based on Alpha Cyclodextrin and Vegetable Oils for Buccal Delivery of Lipophilic Drugs
Authors: Abruzzo Angela , Saladini Bruno , Dalena Francesco , Nicoletta Fiore P. , Luppi Barbara , Bigucci Federica , Cerchiara Teresa
Published: March 2020

Background:

Buccal delivery of drugs can be used as an alternative administration route to
conventional oral route avoiding the liver first-pass effect and improving patient compliance.

Objective:

The goal of this work was to develop dry emulsions for buccal delivery of ketoprofen, used
as a lipophilic model drug. The influence of two vegetable oils, olive oil or wheat germ oil, in the presence
of α-cyclodextrin and different drying techniques on the dry emulsion properties was evaluated.

Methods:

Emulsions were prepared by adding olive oil or wheat germ oil to an aqueous solution of
α-cyclodextrin and subsequently dried through an oven, freeze-dryer or spray-dryer. Dry emulsions
were characterized in terms of yield, encapsulation efficiency, morphology and drug solid-state.
In vitro drug release and permeation studies were carried out to evaluate dry emulsion ability to release
the drug and to allow its permeation through the esophageal porcine epithelium.

Results:

The formation of stable and milky emulsion was assured by cyclodextrin ability to interact
with oil components obtaining an inclusion complex with amphiphilic property able to act as a surfaceactive
agent. The drying process influenced the yield and the encapsulation efficiency, while no significant
differences were observed between olive oil and wheat germ oil. Freeze-dried emulsions, selected
as the best formulations, resulted in fast release of drug thereby ensuring its permeation across the epithelium.

Conclusion:

Dry emulsions prepared with a simple and easy method, using natural ingredients and
avoiding synthetic surfactants and organic solvents, could be used for buccal delivery of lipophilic
drugs.
Impact of Industrial Dyes on the Environment and Bacterial Peroxidase Isolated from Bacillus sp. BTS-P5 as a Possible Solution
Authors: Chauhan Vivek , kanwar Shamsher S.
Published: March 2020

Background:

Synthetic dyes find usage in multiple industries such as paper, textile, food,
plastic and pharmaceutical. On their release in industrial effluent and subsequently into the environment,
the majority of them affect aquatic and surrounding non-aquatic life because of toxic properties.
Therefore, their proper discharge and economical treatment is a matter of great concern. In this context,
many enzymes have been reported to efficiently perform dye degradation. Peroxidase is one such enzyme,
which causes dye degradation either by precipitation of chemical structure of aromatic dyes or
by opening up their aromatic ring structure. The current paper focuses on the major impacts of industrial
dyes on the surrounding environment and on exploring the use of bacterial peroxidases as alternative
dye degradation compounds.

Methods:

A bacterial peroxidase was extracted from Bacillus sp. BTS-P5, a strain isolated from a soil
sample. Various process parameters were optimized for optimal degradation of ten major industrially
important dyes [Bismark Brown R (BBR), Bromophenol Blue (BB), Rhodamine B (RB), Bismark
Brown Y (BBY), Direct Violet 21 (DV), Basic Fuchsin (BF), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBBG), Congo
Red (CR), Direct Black 154 (DB) and Methylene Blue (MB)] by bacterial peroxidase.

Results:

Basic Fuchsin showed maximum degradation of about 95% by bacterial peroxidase while the
Bromophenol Blue was least degraded (29%). Out of the ten dyes, eight dyes showed degradation over
50%.

Conclusion:

The findings of this research showed that bacterial peroxidase was efficient in dye degradation
and hence it has potential as a potent bio-degrader of industrial dyes effluent and wastewater
management.
Lumbar Intervertebral Motion in Healthy Male Participants: Protocol for a Motion Analysis During Flexion and Extension Cinematographic Recordings
Authors: Caelers Inge J M H , Boselie Toon F M , Rijkers Kim , Van Hemert Wouter L W , De Bie Rob A , Van Santbrink Henk
Published: March 2020

Background

Physiological motion of the lumbar spine is a subject of interest for musculoskeletal health care professionals, as abnormal motion is believed to be related to lumbar conditions and complaints. Many researchers have described ranges of motion for the lumbar spine, but only a few have mentioned specific motion patterns of each individual segment during flexion and extension. These motion patterns mostly comprise the sequence of segmental initiation in sagittal rotation. However, an adequate definition of physiological motion of the lumbar spine is still lacking. The reason for this is the reporting of different ranges of motion and sequences of segmental initiation in previous studies. Furthermore, due to insufficient fields of view, none of these papers have reported on maximum flexion and extension motion patterns of L1 to S1. In the lower cervical spine, a consistent pattern of segmental contributions was recently described. In order to understand physiological motion of the lumbar spine, it is necessary to systematically study motion patterns, including the sequence of segmental contribution, of vertebrae L1 to S1 in healthy individuals during maximum flexion and extension.

Objective

This study aims to define the lumbar spines’ physiological motion pattern of vertebrae L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and S1 by determining the sequence of segmental contribution and the sequence of segmental initiation of motion in sagittal rotation of each vertebra during maximum flexion and extension. The secondary endpoint will be exploring the possibility of analyzing the intervertebral horizontal and vertical translation of each vertebra during maximum flexion and extension.

Methods

Cinematographic recordings will be performed on 11 healthy male participants, aged 18-25 years, without a history of spine problems. Cinematographic flexion and extension recordings will be made at two time points with a minimum 2-week interval in between.

Results

The study has been approved by the local institutional medical ethical committee (Medical Research Ethics Committee of Zuyderland and Zuyd University of Applied Sciences) on September 24, 2018. Inclusion of participants will be completed in 2020.

Conclusions

If successful, these physiological motion patterns can be compared with motion patterns of patients with lumbar conditions before or after surgery. Ultimately, researchers may be able to determine differences in biomechanics that can potentially be linked to physical complaints like low back pain.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03737227; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03737227

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/14741
Monophthongisation and Vowel Lengthening in Educated Ibibio English
Authors: Essien Dr. Nkereke M.
Published: March 2020

The major preoccupation of this paper is to study monophthongisation and vowel lengthening in Educated Ibibio English with a view to explaining the lengthening of vowels in final open stressed syllables. Educated Ibibio English (here after EIE) is an ethnic variety of Nigerian English spoken by literate home-grown Ibibio people in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Monophthongisation is a phonological process whereby one of two vowel elements of a diphthong, usually the second (offset) element, is deleted, leaving the stranded stressed (onset) to be lengthened, if found in final open, stressed syllable. Related works on EIE segments indicate that some Standard British English (SBE) closing diphthongs /?u/ and /ei/ tend to monophthongise to /e/ and /o/, respectively. The study employs the Moraic Theory of Hyman and Hayes which main argument is that the syllable contains neither onset or a rhyme. Rather, every syllable contains one or more Mora. Also, a Speech Filling System (SFS/WASP) Computerized Speech Laboratory was used to interpret Fo curve structure and acoustic duration in order to corroborate findings from perceptual analysis. The study establishes the fact that the monophthongised diphthongs were lengthened becuaseof the need to preserve the weight of the deleted /u/ and /i/ in SBE /ei/ and /??/ diphthongs and also to reflect components of the failing fundamental frequency (Fo) contour of English fnal open syllable.
Mamá y Guatemala
Authors: Solórzano Foppa Silvia , Lamas Marta
Published: March 2020

Mamá y Guatemala
Cronología del movimiento feminista italiano. Italia; hechos y fechas
Authors: Chiavola Birnbaum Lucía , Cano Gabriela
Published: March 2020

Cronología del movimiento feminista italiano. Italia; hechos y fechas
Visibles
Authors: Rossanda Rossana , Cardaci Dora
Published: March 2020

Visibles
Son muchos los lugares donde las mujeres hacen política
Authors: Bolognesi Marida , Ontañón Katia
Published: March 2020

Son muchos los lugares donde las mujeres hacen política
De las mujeres, la fuerza de las mujeres: una carta itinerante para el feminismo comunista de los ochenta
Authors: Gargallo Francesca
Published: March 2020

De las mujeres, la fuerza de las mujeres: una carta itinerante para el feminismo comunista de los ochenta
El separatismo de los significados
Authors: Banotti Elvira , Cardaci Dora
Published: March 2020

El separatismo de los significados
El lesbianismo en Italia
Authors: Fioccheto Rossana , Kaufer Gina
Published: March 2020

El lesbianismo en Italia
Equívocos y desacuerdos importantes
Authors: Boccia María Luisa , Ontañón Katia
Published: March 2020

Equívocos y desacuerdos importantes
Entrevista con Jacques Derrida
Authors: De Peretti Cristina
Published: March 2020

Entrevista con Jacques Derrida
Fuerza de trabajo femenina urbana en México
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Martha Judith
Published: March 2020

Fuerza de trabajo femenina urbana en México
Un intelectual en política
Authors: De Barbieri Teresita
Published: March 2020

Un intelectual en política
Los Derechos Humanos, las garantías y el rol del Defensor del Pueblo de la República Dominicana
Authors: Martínez Guante Zoila
Published: March 2020

La reforma de la Constitución Dominicana en el año 2010 ha resultado en  un impulso significativo al sistema de defensa y protección de los derechos humanos, fundamentales, medioambientales y colectivos y difusos ya que con la constitucionalización y la inclusión en el ordenamiento jurídico dominicano de instrumentos internacionales de Derechos Humanos  aprobados y ratificados por los poderes públicos, se ha potencializado las prerrogativas de las personas y los mecanismos para hacerlos operativos; en adición a esto, el establecimiento de los principios de interpretación y reglamentación de los derechos en el artículo 74, numeral 4 que establece el principio de favorabilidad describiendo que: “Los poderes públicos interpretan y aplican las normas relativas a los derechos fundamentales y sus garantías, en el sentido más favorable a la persona titular de los mismos y, en caso de conflicto entre derechos fundamentales, procurarán armonizar los bienes e intereses protegidos por esta Constitución”.
La calidad como garantía del Derecho Humano a la educación superior
Authors: Medina Romero José Guadalupe
Published: March 2020

En el presente artículo académico, se abordará el término derechos humanos desde una perspectiva conceptual y no propiamente histórica, esto es, diversos autores al referirse a los derechos humanos lo hacen describiendo los documentos históricos que contemplaron o contemplan su protección, sin embargo, tal como veremos, la existencia de los derechos humanos es una cuestión distinta a la de su reconocimiento, protección y defensa a través del tiempo.
Implementasi STAD-PjBL Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Produk Mahasiswa Calon Guru Biologi
Authors: Hindun Iin , Husamah Husamah
Published: March 2020

Kreativitas produk, khususnya dalam pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran, perlu dimiliki calon guru biologi, dan hal tersebut masih rendah di Prodi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peningkatan kreativitas produk pada mahasiswa melalui penerapan STAD-PjBL. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini melibatkan 35 orang mahasiswa yang menempuh mata kuliah Perencanaan Pembelajaran Biologi. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar penilaian keterampilan produk yang diisi oleh 3 orang observer selama 3 siklus berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rerata kreativitas produk sebanyak 18 point (Pra Siklus: 63; Siklus I: 71; Siklus II: 76; Siklus III: 81). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan implementasi STAD-PjBL mampu meningkatkan kreativitas produk pada mahasiswa calon guru, meskipun masih pada level “baik”.
Distribusi dan Karakteristik Tempat Perkembangbiakan Aedes aegypti serta Perilaku Masyarakat di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue di Salatiga
Authors: Setiyaningsih Riyani , Pujiyanti Aryani , Hidajat M Choirul , Lasmiati Lasmiati
Published: March 2020

Human behavior in form of less awareness about the environment will cause the increase of mosquito breeding places and lead to increase the dengue vector’s population rising. This research’s purpose was to describe distribution and characteristics of the dengue vector’s breeding place and people behavior in dengue endemic areas in Salatiga. The data collection was done by monitoring larvae and pupa on water container and interviewing community about related behavior. Results showed that larvae tend to be found in water storage containers, household appliances and open unused goods which was located inside the house. Based on the analysis, there is no significant difference between the indoor and outdoor container, the container is closed or open, and sprinkled with temephos or not. Significant differences were found in different types of containers, containers with fish and drained in the last one week. People in DHF endemic area tend to conduct 3M (Menguras/drain and Menutup/close the lid of Water Reservoirs and Mengubur/bury unused container that have potential as breeding places) and do not use fish nor larvacide for dengue vector control. Based on the result of the research, it is necessary to evaluate the community behavior in closing container and also evaluate the resistance of DHF vector mosquito to temephos.
Good Corpotare Governance dan Manajemen Laba di Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Putra Rosyid Nur Anggara
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh mekanisme Good Corporate Governance dengan variabel ukuran dewan komisaris, proporsi komisaris independen, ukuran dewan direksi, ukuran komite audit, ukuran dewan pengawas syariah, dan kompetensi dewan pengawas syariah terhadap manajemen laba pada bank syariah di Indonesia periode 2014-2018. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh 12 bank syariah sebagai sampel penelitian. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan fixed effect model dengan software eviews 10. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ukuran dewan komisaris dan ukuran dewan pengawas syariah berpengaruh positif terhadap perilaku manajemen laba. ukuran komite audit berpengaruh negatif terhadap manajemen laba, sedangkan proporsi komisaris independen, ukuran dewan direksi, dan kompetensi dewan pengawas syariah tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku manajemen laba pada bank syariah di Indonesia.
This study aims to examine the effect of Good Corporate Governance mechanism with variable size of the board of commissioners, the proportion of independent commissioners, the size of the board of directors, the size of the audit committee, the size of the sharia supervisory board, and the competence of the sharia supervisory board on earnings management in Islamic banks in the 2014-2018 period. The sample is determined by purposive sampling technique so that 12 Islamic banks are obtained as a research sample. Data were analyzed using panel data regression with fixed-effect models with software e-views 10. The results of the analysis showed that the size of the board of commissioners and the size of the sharia supervisory board had a positive effect on earnings management behavior. Audit committee size has a negative effect on earnings management, while the proportion of independent commissioners, the size of the board of directors, and the competence of sharia supervisory boards do not affect earnings management behavior in Islamic banks in Indonesia.
Keywords: SIslamic Banks, Earnings Management, Board of Commisioner, Board of Audit, Board of Directors, competence of Syariah Compliance Boards
JEL Classification: G21 M41, M12, M48
Nenad Vekarić (1955. – 2018.)
Authors: Skenderović Robert
Published: March 2020

In memoriam Nenad Vekarić (1955. – 2018.)
Experimental study of the effects of a vertical channel on the natural convection of a horizontal cylinder
Authors: Ansari Alireza , Nili-Ahmadabadi Mahdi , Tavakoli Mohammad , Minaeian Ali
Published: March 2020

In this study, the natural convective flow and heat transfer from a hot horizontal cylinder surrounded by two vertical plates with a negligible thickness was experimentally investigated. These plates act as a channel so that the natural convective flow of the hot cylinder passes through this channel. The flow field was visualized using particle image velocimetry technique to investigate the effect of changing, the width of the channel, and the height of the water free surface on the flow behavior. In each case, by changing the mentioned geometric parameters, flow velocity at the top of the cylinder, temperature of the cylinder surface, volume flow rate of the channel, the structure and location of vortices, and flow pat-tern inside the channel were studied. The results show that the flow is appropriately formed around the cylinder and inside the channel when both the free sur-face height above the channel and the channel width are twice the cylinder diameter. Also, the cylinder Nusselt number is increased for the channel with a width ratio of 2, relative to the case without channel around the cylinder.
The 1-D analysis of cool down simulation of vehicle HVAC system
Authors: Sevilgen Gokhan , Bayram Halil , Kilic Muhsin
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a detailed combined 1-D model of HVAC systems of a vehicle were developed by using the LMS imagine LAB AMESIM software package. The numerical simulations were considered for soaking and cool down analysis under different environmental conditions. The thermal performance of different refrigerants as R-134a and R-1234yf were evaluated in terms of thermal performance and energy consumption. According to the soaking simulation results, the cabin air temperature values ranged from 49?C to 57?C in general. The maximum increase in cabin air temperature value was about 22?C obtained for 1000 W/m2 solar load. The total time until reaching the steady-state conditions for a target temperature value (23.5?C) was different for all simulations. The total time was calculated as 910 seconds for 1000 W/m2 solar load by using R-134a refrigerant loop. The results also showed that although the thermal performance of R-134a was slightly better, R-1234yf can be used due to its environmental properties with acceptable performance. The calculated COP values during cooldown analysis were ranged from 1.71 to 4.52 in general. The minimum value was obtained for the cases which had a maximum solar load and higher cabin interior temperature values. The calculated temperature data for soaking and cool down analysis were in good agreement with the reference data presented in this study. These numerical results are very important for reducing the thermal load of the vehicle cabin considering energy consumption of the HVAC system for different thermal conditions.