bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidad de macroinvertebrados acuáticos y calidad del agua de tres zonas agrícolas en la cuenca alta del río San Pedro-Mezquital, México
Authors: Pulgarín-Ríos Ariel
Published: July 2023

La agricultura es la principal actividad económica de las comunidades que integran la parte alta de la cuenca del río San Pedro-Mezquital. Por tal razón, el presente trabajo se enfoca en analizar la calidad del agua que se utiliza para riego agrícola mediante la observación de macroinvertebrados acuáticos, ya que son excelentes indicadores de dicho atributo y una alternativa importante para evaluar cuerpos de agua con vertido de actividades agrícolas. En la primera zona muestreada, en el río Nombre de Dios, se realizaron cuatro muestreos y se encontraron ocho órdenes, 12 familias y una calidad de agua media en su cauce. Para la segunda zona muestreada, en el río Graseros, se llevaron a cabo cuatro muestreos y se hallaron siete órdenes y 18 familias, con una calidad del agua alta en su cauce. En la tercera zona muestreada, en el río La Constancia, se hicieron seis muestreos, para los cuales se reportaron 11 órdenes y 23 familias, con una calidad del agua alta en su cauce. Los datos recabados servirán para generar un registro de las familias de macroinvertebrados y de la calidad del agua que hay en cada una de las zonas agrícolas muestreadas en la parte alta de la cuenca del río San Pedro-Mezquital.
Comercio de carne de monte en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Gómez Herrera Ramiro , García Rico Candelaria , Racero Casarrubia Javier
Published: July 2023

El comercio de carne de monte es una actividad que ha ocasionado la disminución persistente y la extinción local de un gran número de especies, cuya extracción irracional está produciendo cambios en la composición vegetal y agotamiento de la vida silvestre en los bosques. En este trabajo se reportaron las especies de fauna silvestre que son utilizadas para la venta en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena, Colombia. Se realizaron conversaciones no estructuradas con los vendedores ubicados en el mercado urbano, y se registraron las especies usadas para el comercio, los precios locales del kilogramo en pesos colombianos y la regularidad de los productos en los puntos de venta. Doce especies de fauna silvestre son vendidas en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena. Los mayores precios los presentan Sylvilagus floridanus y Dasypus novemcinctus, mientras que Hydrochoerus isthmius y Trachemys callirostris son las especies más comunes en los puestos de venta. Este es el primer reporte sobre el comercio ilegal de carne de animales silvestre en la región centro del departamento del Magdalena. Es importante hacer seguimiento de esta actividad en los demás municipios de esta subregión con el fin de conocer el posible impacto que se pueda estar generando en las poblaciones silvestres.
Diversidad de escarabajos coprófagos en dos periodos de precipitación anual en un fragmento de bosque andino, Santander, Colombia
Authors: Morales Alba Andrés Felipe , Carvajal-Cogollo Juan E. , Morales Irina
Published: July 2023

Las fluctuaciones temporales de la diversidad, tanto taxonómica como funcional, permiten evaluar las dinámicas de los ensambles bióticos a diferentes escalas regionales y locales. Esta última, en particular, cuenta con un menor número de investigaciones que aclaren los patrones de dichos ensambles. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las diversidades taxonómica y funcional de escarabajos coprófagos en dos periodos climáticos en un fragmento de bosque andino (escala local). Se utilizó un diseño de 10 trampas replicadas dentro de este ecosistema, cebadas con excremento humano. Las diversidades taxonómica y funcional se evaluaron mediante métricas de diversidad alfa y beta. Se recolectaron 2.199 individuos, correspondientes a 13 especies y nueve géneros. En el periodo de lluvia se registraron 11 especies y el 72 % de individuos, mientras que en el periodo de sequía se hallaron 10 especies y 28 % de individuos. La diversidad beta fue del 57 % (βsor=0,57), con un porcentaje de anidamiento del 33 % (βsim=0,33) y otro de recambio del 24 % (βnes=0,24). Se reportan siete tipos funcionales, donde el grupo de escarabajos paracópridos, de tamaño y patas medianas, fue el mejor representado. La riqueza funcional fue igual para ambos periodos (Fric=4,24), en tanto que la uniformidad y la dispersión funcional fueron menores en el periodo de lluvia (lluvia: FEve=0,29 y FDis=0,59; sequía: FEve=0,34 y FDis=0,75). Se encontró que la variación temporal en los regímenes de lluvias solo tuvo efectos sobre la abundancia, pero no sobre los demás atributos del ensamble de escarabajos coprófagos a nivel local. La congruencia entre las diversidades taxonómica y funcional muestra una complementariedad para entender mejor los patrones de diversidad y tomar mejores decisiones en términos de conservación
Fenología de diez cultivares de Cannabis sativa L. bajo las condiciones ambientales de Palomino Guajira
Authors: Candelario-Guerrero David A. , Calabria Parodi Luis Eduardo , Pardey-Rodríguez Catherine , Vargas- Sanchez Jhon Jairo
Published: July 2023

Los estudios sobre fenología de Cannabis sativa L. son una herramienta al momento de realizar prácticas de manejo del cultivo como la aplicación de fertilizantes, el manejo de plagas y enfermedades, y para valorar la adaptación del cultivo a las condiciones climáticas. La fenología estudia la ocurrencia de las fases en el ciclo de vida de las plantas, para su determinación es necesario el uso de la escala BBCH que codifica las etapas fenológicas días después del trasplante. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el comportamiento de 10 genotipos de Cannabis sativa L. bajo condiciones de invernadero en etapas vegetativa, floración y cosecha para identificar los genotipos con la mejor adaptación a las condiciones climáticas en el corregimiento de Palomino.  Las variables a evaluar fueron: altura de la planta, número de brotes, número de inflorescencias, índice de cosecha y rendimiento expresado en flor seca. Los datos de altura, brotes e inflorescencia se registraron tres veces por semana durante 10 semanas y en la semana 10 se cuantifico la altura final. El índice de cosecha y rendimiento se estimó al momento de la cosecha. El diseño estadístico fue completamente al azar con 10 tratamientos y 6 repeticiones por tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que, de 58 etapas fenológicas definidas para Cannabis, en un ciclo asexual solo se evalúan 19 etapas. Además, con los datos recolectados de ganancia de altura, brotes e inflorescencias, se puede predecir quienes serán los genotipos más rendidores. El rendimiento de flor seca está influenciado por la longitud de la planta, número de brotes y número de inflorescencias; igualmente, el índice de cosecha mostró ser un indicador al momento de determinar el rendimiento de cada genotipo.  El genotipo mejor adaptado a la zona de estudio fue PS111 por la altura, la cantidad de brotes vegetativos, inflorescencias y el rendimiento.
Aquatic plants in the freshwater artificial lagoons in Ciego de Avila, Cuba
Authors: Hernández Fernández Leslie , Méndez Isidro E. , Vázquez José Gerardo , González de Zayas Roberto , Lorenzo Feijoo José Carlos
Published: July 2023

Se estudiaron siete lagunas artificiales de agua dulce (L1 – L7) en el municipo de Ciego de Ávila (Cuba), los cuales se caracterizaron según criterios genéticos, hidrológicos y morfológicos. Todas son lagunas, de origen antrópico, relativamente recientes. Una de ellas es semipermanente (L.1) y las restantes son permanentes. A partir de la identificación de las plantas presentes en parcelas delineadas, desde los bordes de las lagunas, fue confeccionada una lista florística. Los taxones identificados fueron catalogados según su origen y presencia en Cuba, hábito de crecimiento, utilidad para el hombre, comportamiento ante el impacto antrópico y estado de conservación. Se registraron 49 especies pertenecientes a 44 géneros y 34 familias. En L.3 y L.6 (lagunas ubicadas en las Canteras del Aereopuerto) se identificó el mayor número de especies (27 y 26 respectivamente) y en L.1, el menor (7). Predominaron plantas exóticas y sinantrópicas y abundaron las invasoras, lo cual indica el tránsito por etapas tempranas de la sucesión ecológica. No obstante, se detectó un 31 % de plantas autóctonas y un 2 % de endemismo. Un 4 %se encuentran amenazadas de extinción, clasificadas en Peligro Crítico. El 39 % tiene uso medicinal, el 29 % ornamental, el 12 % son fitorremediadoras y el 4 % aparecen frecuentemente incorporadas a prácticas folclóricas. Las plantas asociadas a estas lagunas artificiales del municipio de Ciego de Ávila presentan condiciones, valores y usos diversos, lo que incrementa los servicios ambientales de estos ecosistemas.
Dia dos mortos no segundo ano de pandemia
Authors: Silva Weverson Bezerra
Published: July 2023

O ensaio fotográfico aborda o tema do dia dos mortos em seu contexto pandêmico ritualístico na cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba, mais precisamente no cemitério Senhor da Boa Sentença, situado no bairro do Varadouro. A finalidade é mostrar a continuação do ensaio fotográfico anterior publicado na revista R@U – revista antropológica da UFSCAR, sobre a experiência etnográfica no significado do processo de visitar os mortos como forma de lembrança e ativismo da memória, atentando aos processos sociais e econômicos em torno desse dia em tempos de distanciamento social, no segundo dia dos mortos no Brasil em 2021 na presença da covid-19 e um cenário do “novo normal”. Nesse segundo ensaio busco trazer as cores das imagens como forma metodológica do primeiro ano cinza e no segundo ano com mais esperança, as cores foram narrativas dos próprios interlocutores, ao destacar que o cemitério estava ganhando vida, mesmo sendo um espaço de morte, ou para os mortos. Trata-se de problematizar os processos da contemporaneidade sobre o visitar no dia dos mortos, com o afrouxamento das medidas de biossegurança e as máscaras aos poucos sendo retirada, porém nesse novo contexto não deixou de ser um acessório junto ao mercado das flores e velas. As fotografias refletem o cemitério como espaço significativo no entendimento de uma organização social, as cores como um sistema de resistência parte fundamental de uma cultura, e ainda como testemunha da história de uma sociedade que vive a experiência coletiva e individual de visitar os seus mortos com restrições e apoio social limitado no processo de interação, porém nesse segundo ano foi perceptível mais agentes sociais no ritual. Dessa forma, a percepção da dinâmica social que envolve o cemitério com suas práticas socioculturais está associada ao contexto histórico vivenciado, e de extrema relevância dos enlutados usa o cemitério como um processo de ritualização, afeto e memória, e as relações construídas entre os indivíduos ajudaram a compreender o espaço do cemitério não apenas como lugar de morte, mas, principalmente, como espaço de vida, atividade social com os “trabalhadores dos mortos”, memória e continuidade simbólica interacional, onde os enlutados resistem no fortalecimento de suas práticas culturais mesmo com todas as formas do cenário de um retorno da solidão de vivenciar esse dia que é celebrado.
Editorial
Authors: Porto Rozeli Maria , Caetano Hellen
Published: July 2023

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As manifestações de masculinidades: do ato infracional ao sistema socioeducativo
Authors: Ramalho Procopio Murilo , Teixeira de Faria Viana João Pedro , Franco Torres Júnior José Kleider
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apontar as falhas no tratamento dado aos adolescentes em conflito com a lei, principalmente relacionadas à reprodução dos padrões hegemônicos de gênero. A partir de pesquisa básica e revisão de conteúdo acerca da temática, buscou-se compreender o tratamento dado a crianças e adolescentes ao longo da história no Brasil, além da interpretação dos dados dos relatórios do Sistema Nacional de Atendimento Socioeducativo acerca da atual realidade brasileira. Nesse sentido e, diante do contexto de privação de liberdade, as regras hegemônicas de gênero estão presentes desde a convivência e crescimento psicofísico das crianças e adolescentes até ao tratamento oferecido aos socioeducandos, o que é reflexo, também, da forma com que o patriarcalismo e os rastros do colonialismo e da escravidão se estenderam até as instituições que se estabeleceram após o período de redemocratização no Brasil.
Convenção RAMSAR e Pantanal mato-grossense: aspectos da política de proteção jurídica ambiental
Authors: Leocadio Dias Cunha Cintya , Braga Albuquerque Felipe , Piovan Martinazzo Waleska Malvina
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho trata de uma análise acerca dos aspectos jurídicos ambientais da Convenção de Ramsar no Pantanal Mato-grossense. Com suporte nessa problemática, isto é, em que medida a proteção conferida pela Convenção às áreas úmidas (Sítios Ramsar) tem contribuído normativamente para a proteção do bioma, lança-se como objetivo inicialmente identificar a Convenção de Ramsar como marco normativo de proteção das áreas úmidas e sua incorporação pelo Brasil, e, em momento posterior, reconhecer os aspectos jurídicos afetos ao Pantanal Mato-grossense como um meio ambiente natural e cultural e, em seguida, verificar quais são as implicações jurídicas decorrentes do status de Sítio Ramsar conferido a algumas áreas do Pantanal Mato-grossense. A relevância do trabalho em questão resta evidenciada na análise do tema que está previsto em um Tratado, do qual o Brasil é signatário, que reconhece quatro Sítios Ramsar no bioma. Ao final, são apresentadas as conclusões sobre a problemática proposta. O presente trabalho utiliza-se da pesquisa bibliográfica, analisando o posicionamento dos estudiosos sobre o assunto, assim como observando o entendimento jurisprudencial.
Planejamento urbano e vulnerabilidade social em tempos pandêmicos no município de Cascavel/PR
Authors: Schallenberger Schaurich Amanda Caroline , de Bona Celito
Published: July 2023

O planejamento urbano é importante para diversos aspectos das cidades, como mobilidade e saneamento básico, devendo ser viável e inteligente, para facilitar a vida da população, visando que esta atinja seus objetivos em múltiplos aspectos. Contudo, há grupos que são mais afetados pelo planejamento urbano, especialmente quando este é inviável e apresenta dificuldades à população. Assim, surge o problema apresentado, qual seja, de que forma o planejamento urbano tem influência na vida de pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade social, em especial cotejando-o no recente momento pandêmico e considerando-se o planejamento do município de Cascavel, Paraná. Conclui-se que o planejamento urbano possui influência na vida das pessoas, em especial aos grupos mais vulneráveis e no momento pandêmico. Verifica-se, também, que o planejamento urbano de Cascavel dá atenção parcial aos grupos vulneráveis durante o período pandêmico. Os métodos utilizados foram o analítico-descritivo e o hermenêutico, e a pesquisa foi realizada com base em revisão bibliográfica.
Bacharéis udenistas e a preparação jurídica do golpe contra Vargas
Authors: Paiva Carvalho Claudia
Published: July 2023

O artigo investiga as relações entre direito e golpismo no contexto da crise final do segundo governo Vargas, em agosto de 1954, com foco na atuação dos bacharéis udenistas. O suicídio de Vargas abortou o plano em curso para sua deposição e evitou uma ruptura da ordem constitucional. É relevante, no entanto, compreender como o golpe contra Vargas foi preparado juridicamente por meio de argumentos e teses que mobilizaram o campo do direito. Assim, o trabalho pretende dialogar com os estudos sobre a UDN e o udenismo e avançar no entendimento sobre as tendências golpistas no partido, especialmente entre seus bacharéis. Além de pesquisa bibliográfica, utiliza-se do método de análise documental, selecionando, como principais fontes primárias, os debates parlamentares e as publicações na imprensa. Ao final, busca refletir sobre como a arquitetura jurídica do golpe contra Vargas antecipa as formas e as estratégias de utilização de institutos e códigos do direito em prol de desvios da legalidade, que seriam bem-sucedidas em 1964.
Pharmaceutical Design of a Formulation of Enrofloxacin-Alginate and its Strategic
Dosage to Achieve Mutant Prevention PK/PD Ratios in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Gutiérrez Lilia , Monroy-Barreto Minerva , García-Guzmán Perla , Sumano Héctor
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

The comparative pharmacokinetics (PK) and PK/pharmacodynamics (PD) ratios of a
new pharmaceutical design of enrofloxacin-alginate in dried beads (EADBs) and the reference enrofloxacin
10% solution was determined in broiler chickens. Also, the same parameters were determined after administering
enrofloxacin with a double dosing scheme (through drinking water and as an in-feed medication of
EADBs). 500 Arbor-Acres broiler chickens were randomly divided into five groups (n=100), adjusting in all
cases, a dose of 10 mg/kg based on water and feed intake as follows: group EADBsad-lib receiving enrofloxacin
through EADBs added to their feed as dressing; group EADBsbolus forcing the beads into the proventriculus using
a semi-rigid gavage; group Enroad-lib dosed through their drinking water; group Enrobolus also administered
into the proventriculus by gavage; group Enrow&f administering 5 mg/kg as EADBs in their feed, plus 5 mg/kg
of enrofloxacin through their drinking water.

Methods:

The PK parameters and the key PK/PD ratios were determined (Cmax/MIC and AUC0-24/MIC). Only
group Enrow&f could achieve the PK/PD ratios regarded as mutant-prevention.

Results:

This trial is the first one in which an in-feed medication of enrofloxacin, combined with water dosing,
can result in PK/PD parameters superior to those obtained after administering the drug through drinking water
at a dose of 10 mg/kg.

Conclusion:

Contrary to expectations, groups Enroad-lib and Enrobolus failed to achieve the desired PK/PD ratios
when the breakpoint was established at 0.5 μg/mL but did so when MIC was set at 0.1 μg/mL. In contrast,
EADBsbolus and Enrow&f achieved an adequate AUC0-24/MIC ratio for both MIC levels.
Progression in the Relationship between Exosome Production and
Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yang Yi , Luo Jinxi , Kang Yunan , Wu Wenqian , Lu Yajie , Fu Jie , Zhang Xiaoyun , Cheng Min , Cui Xiaodong
Published: July 2023

Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, causing a major
burden on patients as well as families and society. Exosomes generally refer to various lipid bilayer
microvesicles originating from different cells that deliver various bioactive molecules to the
recipient cells, exerting biological effects in cellular communication and thereby changing the
internal environment of the body. The mechanisms of correlation between exosomes and the disease
process of atherosclerosis have been recently clarified. Exosomes are rich in nucleic acid
molecules and proteins. For example, the exosome miRNAs reportedly play important roles in the
progression of atherosclerotic diseases. In this review, we focus on the composition of exosomes,
the mechanism of their biogenesis and release, and the commonly used methods for exosome extraction.
By summarizing the latest research progress on exosomes and atherosclerosis, we can
explore the advances in the roles of exosomes in atherosclerosis to provide new ideas and targets
for atherosclerosis prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
LncRNA FTH1P3: A New Biomarker for Cancer-Related Therapeutic Development
Authors: Darvish Maryam
Published: July 2023

Cancer is a persistent and urgent health problem that affects the entire world. Not long ago, regulatory biomolecules referred to as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) might have value for their innate abundance and stability. These single-stranded RNAs potentially interfere with several physiological and biochemical cellular processes involved in many human pathological situations, particularly cancer diseases. Ferritin heavy chain1 pseudogene 3 (FTH1P3), a lncRNA that is ubiquitously transcribed and belongs to the ferritin heavy chain (FHC) family, represents a novel class of lncRNAs primarily found in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Further research has shown that FTH1P3 is involved in other malignancies such as uveal melanoma, glioma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical cancer. Accordingly, FTH1P3 significantly enhances cancer symptoms, including cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance, and inhibition of apoptosis through many specific mechanisms. Notably, the clinical data significantly demonstrated the association of FTH1P3 overexpression with poor prognosis and poor overall survival within the examined samples. Here, we summarize all the research published to date (13 articles) on FTH1P3, focusing on the biological function underlying the regulatory mechanism and its possible clinical relevance.
Ultrasound-mediated PLGA-PEI Nanobubbles Carrying STAT6 SiRNA
Enhances NSCLC Treatment via Repolarizing Tumor-associated
Macrophages from M2 to M1 Phenotypes
Authors: Shu Hong , Lv Wenhao , Ren Zhi-jian , LI Hui , Dong Tiantian , Zhang Yao , Nie Fang
Published: July 2023

Background:

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial for non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) development.

Objective:

In this study, polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-polyethylenimine (PEI) nanobubbles
(NBs) carrying STAT6 siRNA were prepared and combined with ultrasound-mediated nanobubbles
destruction (UMND) to silence the STAT6 gene, ultimately repolarizing TAMs from the M2 to the M1
phenotype, treating NSCLC in vitro.

Methods:

PLGA-PEI NBs-siRNA were prepared and characterised, and their respective ultrasound
imaging, biological stabilities and cytotoxicities were detected. Transfection efficiency was evaluated
by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Repolarization of THP-1-derived M2-like macrophages
was determined by qPCR and flow cytometry. NSCLC cells (A549) were co-cultured with transfected
M2-like macrophages or their associated conditioned medium (CM). Western blotting was used to
detect STAT6 gene silencing in M2-like macrophages and markers of epithelial and mesenchymal in
A549 cells. The proliferation of A549 cells was detected using CCK-8 and cell colony formation assays.
Transwell assays were used to detect the migration and invasion of A549 cells.

Results:

PLGA-PEI NBs-siRNA had an average size of 223.13 ± 0.92 nm and a zeta potential of about
-5.59 ± 0.97 mV. PLGA-PEI NBs showed excellent ultrasonic imaging capability in addition to biological
stability to protect siRNA from degradation. UMND enhanced PLGA-PEI NBs-STAT6 siRNA
transfection in M2-like macrophages, which made M2-like macrophages repolarize to M1-like macrophages
and prevented proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)
in A549 cells.

Conclusion:

UMND enhanced PLGA-PEI NBs-STAT6 siRNA to repolarize TAMs from the M2 to the
M1 phenotype, thus treating NSCLC. These findings provide a promising therapeutic approach for enhancing
NSCLC immunotherapy.
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in
Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Rheumatic Valve Disease
Authors: da Silva Rose Mary Ferreira Lisboa , Borges Lucas Espindula
Published: July 2023

The lifetime risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) is 1 in 3 adults, resulting in a prevalence
of 2-4%. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a frequent aetiology of valvular heart disease in lowand
middle-income countries. Between 21% and 80% of patients with mitral valve disease, especially
with stenosis, may have AF. Both these conditions, AF and RHD, present a state of persistent inflammation.
In turn, inflammation is a frequent cause of anisocytosis, which can be evidenced through the parameter
RDW (red bold cell distribution width). Factors associated with increased RDW are also known
as risk factors associated with a higher incidence of AF. RDW may have an independent role in the
pathogenesis of AF and the increased propensity of both thromboembolic and bleeding events. Another
marker involved in the incidence of AF is the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. This is also a marker of oxidative
stress and inflammation and is associated with a higher rate of AF recurrence. This review will
evaluate these biomarkers and their association with cardiovascular events in patients with AF and
RHD. The hypotheses and current debates about the relationship of biomarkers with the severity of
chronic valve dysfunction, with acute rheumatic carditis in the paediatric population, and with the presence
of thrombus in the left atrium will be discussed.
Characteristics and Applications of Peptide Nucleic Acid in the Treatment
of Infectious Diseases and the Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic
Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness
Authors: Javanmard Zahra , Pourhajibagher Maryam , Bahador Abbas
Published: July 2023

Antibiotic resistance is a growing global problem, so there is an urgent need for new antimicrobial
agents and strategies. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers could be designed and utilized as
gene-specific oligonucleotides to target any infectious agents. Selectivity and high-affinity binding are
the main properties of PNA. However, in therapeutic applications, intracellular delivery of peptide
nucleic acids is still a challenge. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), which could be a useful adjunct to
mechanical and antibiotics in removing pathogenic agents, low-power lasers are used in appropriate
wavelength for killing the microorganisms that have been treated with a photosensitizer drug. Antimicrobial
photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in combination with lipid-charged nanoparticles of PNA is a
promising alternative therapy proposed to control infectious diseases. This review summarizes progress
in the uptake of peptide nucleic acids at intracellular targets. In addition, we focus on recent nanoparticle-
based strategies to efficiently deliver conventional and chemically modified peptide nucleic
acids. The likely impact of using two treatment methods simultaneously, i.e., PNP and PDT, has already
been discussed.
Text Mining - A Comparative Review of Twitter Sentiments Analysis
Authors: Patil Sushma , Subil Dewang , Nasar Noureen , Kokatnoor Sujatha Arun , Krishnan Balachandran , Kumar Sandeep
Published: July 2023

Background:

Text mining derives information and patterns from textual data. Online social media platforms, which have recently acquired great interest, generate vast text data about human behaviors based on their interactions. This data is generally ambiguous and unstructured. The data includes typing errors and errors in grammar that cause lexical, syntactic, and semantic uncertainties. This results in incorrect pattern detection and analysis. Researchers are employing various text mining techniques that can aid in Topic Modeling, the detection of Trending Topics, the identification of Hate Speeches, and the growth of communities in online social media networks.

Objective:

This review paper compares the performance of ten machine learning classification techniques on a Twitter data set for analyzing users' sentiments on posts related to airline usage.

Methods:

Review and comparative analysis of Gaussian Naive Bayes, Random Forest, Multinomial Naive Bayes, Multinomial Naive Bayes with Bagging, Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Optimized AdaBoost, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Optimized SVM, Logistic Regression, and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) for sentiment analysis.

Results:

The results of the experimental study showed that the Optimized SVM performed better than the other classifiers, with a training accuracy of 99.73% and testing accuracy of 89.74% compared to other models.

Conclusion:

Optimized SVM uses the RBF kernel function and nonlinear hyperplanes to split the dataset into classes, correctly classifying the dataset into distinct polarity. This, together with Feature Engineering utilizing Forward Trigrams and Weighted TF-IDF, has improved Optimized SVM classifier performance regarding train and test accuracy. Therefore, the train and test accuracy of Optimized SVM are 99.73% and 89.74% respectively. When compared to Random Forest, a marginal of 0.09% and 1.73% performance enhancement is observed in terms of train and test accuracy and 1.29% (train accuracy) and 3.63% (test accuracy) of improved performance when compared with LSTM. Likewise, Optimized SVM, gave more than 10% of enhanced performance in terms of train accuracy when compared with Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, Multinomial Naïve Bayes with Bagging, Logistic Regression and a similar enhancement is observed with AdaBoost and Optimized AdaBoost which are ensemble models during the experimental process. Optimized SVM also has outperformed all the classification models in terms of AUC-ROC train and test scores.
An Assessment on Health And COVID-19 Indicators of OECD Countries
Authors: FİLİZ Mustafa
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to reveal the cluster distribution and success ranking of OECD countries in the impact of health indicators on COVID-19 indicators.
Material-Method: The universe of the research is 38 OECD countries, and the sample consists of 30 countries that have access to the variables used. Data were obtained from the official websites of OECD and World Bank. In the study, five variables that are considered to represent a country's health indicators and four variables related to COVID-19 were used. Cluster analysis and TOPSIS method were used in the analysis of the data.
Results: It has been seen that the most successful cluster in terms of COVID-19 indicators is the cluster in which Australia and New Zealand are located. In terms of COVID-19 indicators, the most unsuccessful cluster was Israel and the Czech Republic. According to the TOPSIS analysis findings, it was determined that the most successful country in the average of health and COVID-19 indicators was Italy and the most unsuccessful country was Spain.
Conclusion: As a result, when countries are clustered according to COVID-19 indicators and health indicators, it has been seen that countries with strong health supply power do not mean that the COVID-19 indicators will be good. On the other hand, it does not mean that COVID-19 indicators will be bad in countries with low health supply power.
THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON THE INDICATORS OF GLUTATHIONE-DEPENDENT ENZYMES OF ORAL FLUID IN TEENAGERS AND YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Lisetska I. S. , Rozhko M. M.
Published: July 2023

Резюме. Центральну позицію у забезпеченні антиоксидантного захисту організму людини посідає потужна глютатіонова антипероксидантна система, що приймає участь в трьох лініях захисту з чотирьох. Вона представлена відновленим глутатіоном і ферментами його метаболізму: глутатіонпероксидазою, глутатіонтрансферазою і глутатіонредуктазою.

Мета дослідження – вивчити вплив паління на показники глутатіон-залежних ферментів ротової рідини в осіб підліткового та юнацького віку.

Матеріали та методи. Проведено вивчення показників глутатіон-залежних ферментів ротової рідини у 114 осіб підліткового та юнацького віку від 15 до 24 років, яких розділено на групи: у І групу включили 26 осіб, що палять традиційні сигарети; у ІІ групу – 22 особи, що палять електронні сигарети (Вейпи); у ІІІ групу – 23 особи, що палять пристрої для нагрівання тютюну (IQOSи); у ІV групу – 43 особи, що не палять.

Результати дослідження та обговорення. Глутатіон-залежні ферменти ротової рідини характеризувалися активацією глутатіонпероксидази та значною недостатністю функції глутатіонтрансферази та глутатіонредуктази. Так, активність глутатіонпероксидази ротової рідини в осіб І групи підвищувалася в 2,8 рази, у осіб ІІ групи - в 2 рази та в ІІІ групі - 1,5 рази порівняно з особами IV групи, (р<0,05). Функціонування ферменту глутатіонтрансферази характеризується значним зниженням його активності: в обстежених І групи – активність знижувалася в 6,7 рази, в обстежених ІІ групи - в 2,6 рази, в обстежених ІІІ групи - 1,8 рази порівняно з особами IV групи, (р<0,05). Результати активності ферменту глутатіонредуктази свідчить про його зменшення: в осіб І групи відбувається зниження активності ферменту в 2,9 рази, в осіб ІІ та ІІІ груп - в 1,6 рази порівняно із з особами IV групи, (р<0,05).

Висновки. Отримані результати вказують на дисбаланс та недостатність функціонування складових глутатіонової системи, встановлено зміни показників глутатіон-залежних ферментів ротової рідини у осіб підліткового та юнацького віку під впливом паління, що характеризується зниженням активності ферментів глутатіонтрансферази та глутатіонредуктази, а також активацією ферменту глутатіонпероксидази.
The impact of social media platforms on communication within Saudi families: A quantitative analysis based on the theory of uses and gratifications
Authors: Trimeche Maher , Zidi Mongi , Al-Shalaki Turki , Alnair Alnair Mohammed Ali , Ashwal Elyas Saeed Saad , Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed Hassan , Megahed Ashraf Abd El-Hakim Mohamed
Published: July 2023

This study aims to investigate the influence of social media platforms (SMPs) on communication patterns within Saudi families. The research adopts an analytical description methodology employing a questionnaire tool administered to a sample of 384 male and female students from the University of Hail in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The statistical treatment utilized the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-V26) and included methods such as frequencies, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and the chi-square test. Distinguished from prior studies, especially those employing quantitative indicators, this research embraces the theory of uses and gratifications to map communication between family members using SMPs. This approach allows for the determination of the prevalence of selective mutism within the family, considering the patriarchal family structure. The findings indicate that students generally communicate more with their mothers than with their fathers via SMPs. Additionally, male students exhibit higher levels of communication with their parents compared to female students, who tend to communicate more with their mothers than with their fathers. Moreover, the study reveals that the number of hours dedicated to using SMPs and family selective mutism did not display significant differences. Likewise, there were no significant variations between the age of SMP usage onset and family mutism. The study recommends conducting comparative analyses based on a similar approach to unveil communication dynamics in families with varying sociological, cultural, and geographical characteristics. Such research would enable the diagnosis of SMPs' impact on different family structures.
CONCERN OVER PROPERTY VALUE: WILL THE SITTING OF PETROCHEMICAL HUB INFLUENCING HOUSING PRICE?
Authors: Cheng Chin-Tiong , Chin Hon-Choong
Published: July 2023

Malaysia is a major exporter for petrochemical products. In line with this, the petrochemical industry is experiencing continuous growth and expansion. This study intends to examine the effect of the establishment of petrochemical hub on nearby housing price. Using residential transaction data of year 2016-2022 nearby Gebeng Industrial Area, we analyse the effect of the sitting of petrochemical hub via hedonic models. Our result indicates that the sitting of petrochemical hub will influence the housing price in which those located nearby will experience higher appreciation in property prices. This study is essential in clearing the doubt that housing price will be negatively influenced by petrochemical hub. Our findings further indicate that there is a need to educate local residents on the impact of the industry cluster on their house, in mitigating local opposition due to concern over declination of housing price due to the sitting of petrochemical hub.
ADDRESSING THE ASSESSMENT BIAS IN THE MALAYSIAN LOCAL PROPERTY TAX ASSESSMENT
Authors: Bin-Bustamin Ezwan , Alias Anuar , Ahmad Rubi
Published: July 2023

An assessment bias happens when an assessed property signifies intolerable proportionate between the assessed and market values; reflecting its uniformity within the valuation list and possessing inequity across the group of properties defined by the value. To correct the assessment bias, local government usually revaluates its valuation list. While most other developed countries perform the revaluation whenever the assessment’s performance is intolerable, the Malaysian existing law urges the revaluation to be as a quinquennial event. Globally, local assessors use the standard ratio studies promulgated by the International Association of Assessing Officers (IAAO) to measure and evaluate the severity of the assessment bias. Adopting the IAAO standard, this research had performed the ratio studies in Hang Tuah Jaya Municipality for the fiscal year of 2017. The research had revealed a significant assessment bias between the lower-value and higher-value properties and other significant property feature that associated with the assessment bias.
THE IMPACT OF URBAN RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT ON INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY MARKET VALUE: A GIS APPLICATION
Authors: Daud Siti Zaleha , Sipan Ibrahim , Mohd Ali Hishamuddin , Abd Hamid Nor Fatimah
Published: July 2023

The impact of Urban Riverfront Development (URD) affords an increasing of value for adjacent industrial properties within riverfront area. However, the impacts in terms of percentage of increment value, radius of impact coverage, distribution of industrial properties that effected by URD are difficult to be evaluated without using an appropriate tool. Hence, this study evaluates the impact of URD on industrial property market value aided by Geographic Information System (GIS). Therefore, Melaka River, Malaysia has been chosen as a case study to evaluate the impact of URD towards industrial property market value for adjacent properties within riverfront area. The result shows there is 14.13% of increment of market value for adjacent 1.5-storey factories located within 300-meter radius from URD. The result discovered that there is positive effect on increment market value for the industrial properties within URD area.
The Use of Transgenic Resistant Plums in Transgrafting Fails to Confer Plum Pox Virus Resistance in Prunus
Authors: RAVELONANDRO Michel , BRIARD Pascal
Published: July 2023

In order to sustain productivity, growers are implementing fruit trees to provide plum pox virus (PPV) resistant varieties. Unfortunately, classical breeding approaches have failed to develop resistant varieties. RNA interference (RNAi) silencing, as an alternate strategy, has been shown to be an efficient approach to combat PPV disease (sharka). PPV resistance based on RNAi has been demonstrated in natural conditions for over 10 years. Experiments using graft inoculation in high-containment greenhouses show that silencing protects against PPV over multiple dormancy cycles. While the virus spreads throughout the vascular tissues of susceptible hosts, PPV movement is undetectable in resistant clones. However, in this work, when PPV-susceptible cultivars were grafted onto transgenic resistant plum rootstocks, the small interfering RNA (siRNA) stopped the systemic spread of PPV into the transgenic resistant shoots but did not appear to prevent the infection of susceptible scions. Thus, we do not have convincing evidence of siRNA transfer nor the provision of resistance to the susceptible scion. Notably, Macrolophus insects that were experimentally fed on plums could suck RNAi from the leaves of resistant clones. While the attempt to control PPV disease through transgrafting as a new breeding technology (NBT) cannot be confirmed, these studies provide insight into key regulatory interactions associated with RNAi accumulation and its environmentally safe use in perennial plants.
Facilitators, Barriers, and Potential Impacts of Implementation of e-Pharmacy in India and its Potential Impact on Cost, Quality, and Access to Medicines: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Apte Aditi , Bright Heber Rew , Kadam Sandeep , Sundarsanam Thambu David , Chandy Sujith J
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

e-Pharmacy can potentially solve problems related to the quality of services and products, cost, and access to medicines in low- and middle-income countries. This review aims to understand the facilitators and barriers to the implementation of e-pharmacy in India.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aimed (1) to understand the facilitators and barriers to the use of e-pharmacy in India and (2) to estimate the potential for e-pharmacy in India for improving access to medication, improving the quality of services and medicines, and decreasing costs of medications.

METHODS

All published and gray literature from July 1, 2011, to June 30, 2021, relating to e-pharmacy, was searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google using a systematic search strategy.

RESULTS

In total, 1464 titles and abstracts were screened, of which 47 full-texts were included in the review. e-Pharmacy can potentially improve access to medications for remote areas, and old and debilitated individuals. e-Pharmacies can enable lean supply chain management, lower cost, and allow easy tracking of dispensed medicines. There is potential for integration of e-pharmacy services into the national program of Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana. However, the country is not adequately regulated to prevent the growth of illicit e-pharmacies. Lack of global accreditation and internet coverage, digital literacy, and transnational access are other challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

E-pharmacy has the potential to improve universal health coverage in India by improving access to medicines and lowering the overall cost of health care. However, future growth will need specific regulations and accreditation mechanisms.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Forum; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6R9YQ
Kultum Pemuda Tersesat: Mengonter Radikalisme di Indonesia Lewat Pelibatan Pemuda Kekinian
Authors: Bhagaskara Esa Sang
Published: July 2023

Indonesia’s socio-religious context hindered by youth radicalism issue, which later formulated as the use of illegitimate actions as a mean to express their restlessness. Contra-Radicalism then existed as a preventive discourse with Positive Youth Engagement as one of its’ concrete actions. This research elaborates Kultum Pemuda Tersesat (KPT), an alternative religious youth engagement with popular comedy formats as an approach. By using qualitative content analysis method, this research had three key findings which are [1] KPT based its’ engagement with “Islam Cinta” which has a liberal-progressive tendency to counter radicalism discourse with its’ Islamic-conservative tendency. [2] KPT adjusted itself with the trend by utilizing social media to create an emancipate engagement spaces for youth. [3] KPT offered comedy as an alternative approach in religious engagement for youth. Though potential, KPT’s effectiveness for countering radicalism in Indonesia require a further study.
Wuthering Heights and the Sprout of Feminism
Authors: Yujia Wang
Published: July 2023

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ΤΡΟΠΟΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΧΑΡΑΚΤΗΡΑ ΤΟΥ ΠΡΩΤΑΓΟΝΙΣΤΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΚΑΓΚΕΛΟΠΟΡΤΑ ΤΟΥ ΑΝΤΡΕΑ ΦΡΑΓΚΙΑ
Authors: Kostic Pahnoglu Tamara
Published: July 2023

Ο σκοπός αυτής της εργασίας είναι η έρευνα του τρόπου κατασκευής του χαρακτήρα του πρωταγωνιστή Άγγελου στο δεύτερο μυθιστόρημα του Αντρέα Φραγκιά Η Καγκελόπορτα. Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο που χρησιμοποιήσαμε είναι η μέθοδος χαρακτηρισμού που περιγράφει η Schlomit Rimmon-Kenan. Κατά τη θεωρία της η διαδικασία του χαρακτηρισμού είναι διαδικασία συγκέντρωσης διαφόρων δεικτών χαρακτήρα κατανεμημένων σε όλη την έκταση του κειμένου. Οι βασικοί τύποι κειμενικών δεικτών του χαρακτήρα είναι δύο: άμεσος προσδιορισμός και έμμεση παρουσίαση, στην οποία υπάρχουν διάφορες κατηγορίες. Η εργασία παρουσιάζει τους συγκεκριμένους δείκτες που χρησιμοποίησε ο αφηγητής και αναλύει τα κίνητρα των ηρώων.
PHILOSOPHY IN LITERARY FORMS
Authors: Radovanović Biljana
Published: July 2023

This paper looks into the literary forms of expressing philosophemes. Starting from the difference between scientific and literary forms of presenting philosophical ideas, we focus on discussing various literary forms that are present in philosophy. Philosophical works of poetry, prose, and drama are differentiated and considered, beginning with antiquity up to contemporary philosophy. Within this topic, we analyse the fundamental thematic orientation of representatives of the Enlightenment and existentialist philosophy, as well as the relationship between form and content in their works. The objective of this paper is to emphasize and expound on the thesis about the close correlation between literary forms and certain philosophical content, especially the correlation between literature and the philosophy of existentialism. The conclusion reached in the end is that literary works can be interpreted philosophically, but above all, that philosophical texts can be shaped in a literary fashion. Furthermore, it transpires that, in one historical period, philosophy adopts some literary forms, and in another period, it borrows certain forms from literature.Key words: philosophy, literature, novel, essay, dialogue, poem.
She is an Expert in this Research Field: The Signal of Recent Publications' Relevance
Authors:   University of Haifa, Zeevi Gil , Mokryn Osnat ,   University of Haifa
Published: July 2023

Assessing the expertise of researchers has garnered increased interest recently. This heightened focus arises from the growing emphasis on interdisciplinary science and the subsequent need to form expert teams. When forming these teams, the coordinators need to assess expertise in fields that are often very different from theirs. The conventional reliance on signals of success, prestige, and academic impact can unintentionally perpetuate biases within the assessment process. This traditional approach favors senior researchers and those affiliated with prestigious institutions, potentially overlooking talented individuals from underrepresented backgrounds or institutions. This paper addresses the challenge of determining expertise by proposing a methodology that leverages the relevance of a researcher's recent publication track to the proposed research as a "sensemaking" signal. We introduce a novel {\em $\alpha-$relevance} metric between the trained embedding over the titles and abstracts of a researcher's recent publications and the embedding of a call and show that high values of {\em $\alpha-$relevance} indicate expertise in the field of the call. By evaluating the {\em $\alpha-$relevance} threshold, we establish a robust framework for the assessment process. For the evaluation process, we use (1) NIH grant-winning records and researchers' publications obtained from Scopus and (2) grant submissions dataset from a research university and the corresponding researchers' publications. Additionally, we investigate the optimal time window required to capture the researcher's expertise based on their publication timeline. Considering the temporal relationship between grant winnings and publications, we identify the most informative time window reflecting the researcher's relevant contributions. The data-driven methodology transcends traditional signals of success, promoting a fair evaluation process of the researcher's relevance to the proposed research. By leveraging objective indicators, we aim to facilitate the formation of expert teams across disciplines while mitigating biases in assessing expertise.