bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sacroiliac Joint
Authors: Polly David W.
Published: February 2024

» The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is a common cause of low back pain and should be included in the differential diagnosis.

» Nonoperative treatment of sacroiliac pain is always the first line of therapy; however, when it is unsuccessful and becomes chronic, then recurrent nonoperative treatment becomes expensive.

» Surgical treatment is cost-effective in appropriately selected patients. High-quality clinical trials have demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvement compared with nonsurgical management in appropriately selected patients.

» Spinal fusion to the sacrum increases degeneration of the SIJ and frequency of SIJ pain.
Desde la Bioeconomía de Georgescu-Roegen hasta la Bioeconomía andeamazónica
Authors: Quiroga Canaviri Jorge , Menéndez Gámiz Carlos Ricardo
Published: February 2024

Revisados los aportes científicos a la Bioeconomía de Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, renombrado Economista Ecológico y precursor de la Bioeconomía europea, el objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar dichos aportes vinculados con corrientes epistemológicas de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), que dieron paso a la “Bioeconomía andeamazónica” (BAA). Los objetivos específicos son i) examinar el estado del arte de la bioeconomía, explorando las limitaciones que motivaron la ampliación conceptual de la bioeconomía aplicable al contexto andeamazónico y ii) analizar como las teorías bioeconómicas se integraron efectivamente con principios bioeconómicos, apoyados en tres nuevas variables: biocultura, bioterritorialidad y bioinformación. El material utilizado son libros y artículos de autores clave como Georgescu-Roegen, Dennis y Donella Meadows, Boaventura de Sousa Santos y Alberto Acosta entre otros, complementados por investigadores contemporáneos afines y contrarios a Georgescu-Roegen, incluido uno de los autores de este artículo que impulsó la BAA. Se empleará el método bibliométrico para la pesquisa literaria que permita cumplir con los objetivos específicos y el método deductivo que al ir de lo general a lo particular permitirá inferir conclusiones a partir de las premisas estudiadas en el tránsito bioeconómico desde Georgescu-Roegen hasta la BAA. El resultado y conclusión final del abordaje validará el que la Bioeconomía propuesta por Georgescu-Roegen en los años 70, hoy reaparezca como alternativa viable y ampliada, tanto teórica, como conceptual y metodológicamente, para solucionar problemas complejos como cambio climático, inseguridad alimentaria y enfermedades pandémicas en latitudes como Bolivia, donde fue pertinente incluir categorías culturales, territoriales y de información.
Caso de estudio de economía circular: el desarrollo de un nuevo bioestimulante fisiológico a partir de sub-productos del olivar
Authors: Romero Rodríguez Joaquín , Peñas de la Corte María , Nieto del Río Juan , Fernández Navarro José Ramón , Polo Rabat Lucia
Published: February 2024

El cultivo del olivo (Olea europaea) es un motor socioeconómico en la cuenca mediterránea, con una notable expansión en los últimos años. Sus residuos representan una oportunidad para la transición a la bioeconomía. Los grandes volúmenes de agua empleados poseen una alta carga orgánica, con polifenoles como el hidroxitirosol (HT). Mediante nuevos procesos tecnológicos, ha sido posible su extracción y purificación y, por tanto, su empleo en diferentes industrias, como la agroalimentaria. Las propiedades antioxidantes y complejantes de los polifenoles, con incidencia en el equilibrio hormonal de los cultivos, le confieren un gran potencial de uso como insumos agrícolas. Como resultado se ha formulado e-OLIVE, un bioestimulante que i) apoya la eliminación de especies reactivas oxígeno (ROS) en situaciones de estrés hídrico y ii) actúa sobre el equilibrio hormonal del cultivo. En condiciones naturales, e-OLIVE ha incrementado la producción a través de una menor caída fisiológica y un superior peso de frutos, además de incrementar el rendimiento graso. Estos resultados se han alcanzado mediante una superior traslocación de nutrientes y la expresión de hormonas y reguladores hormonales como AIA, AS y ABA.
Análisis estratégico de la implantación de la bioeconomía circular en Andalucía a través del análisis DAFO
Authors: Sayadi Gmada Samir , Cátedra Cerón Mar , Capote Martín Carmen , Parra López Carlos , García García Guillermo , Argüelles Hernández Milagros , Ortiz Gutiérrez Esther
Published: February 2024

Este artículo examina el contexto legislativo de la bioeconomía circular a distintos niveles - europeo, nacional y regional - destacando el favorable entorno normativo que ha promovido a Andalucía a avanzar en un modelo económico fundamentado en la bioeconomía circular. Además, se presenta el proyecto europeo ROBIN, que se erige como plataforma innovadora para la evolución de los modelos de gobernanza en este ámbito, propiciando la actualización y mejora de la Estrategia Andaluza de Bioeconomía Circular. Asimismo, se subraya el importante potencial que la amplia gama de recursos biomásicos de Andalucía ofrece, situando a la región a la vanguardia de la bioeconomía circular. También, se lleva a cabo un análisis DAFO para identificar las debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades de la región, contribuyendo así al avance del modelo actual de bioeconomía circular. Finalmente, se identifican los desafíos futuros que implica el desarrollo de la bioeconomía circular en Andalucía, y cómo el proyecto ROBIN puede resultar clave para avanzar hacia una mayor gobernanza y un modelo económicamente sostenible.
Career Management of Employees: A Theoretical Overview
Authors:   Senior Research Fellow, Department of Personnel Management, Loyola College of Social Sciences, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695017, India., R Nithya , S Anitha ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Personnel Management, Loyola College of Social Sciences, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695017, India.
Published: February 2024

Career management is one of the functions of Human Resources department in the organizations. It is in fact a joined responsibility of the organization as well as the individual. Career management helps individuals to achieve success in their careers. There are basically two approaches in career management. Career management from the organizational point of view is called organizational career management. The career management from the individual point of view is called individual career management or career self- management. In order to survive in this dynamic and highly competitive environment, it is important to have an effective and apt policy to mold its employees career constantly. Individuals now a days prefer organizations that provide better opportunities to realize their career progression plans. Well defined career management practices helps in attracting and retaining competent and skillful employees in the organization for a longer period of time.
Numerical Study on Characteristics of Stick-Slip Instability of Coal-Rock Parting-Coal Structure under Lateral Unloading
Authors: Zhang Heng , Liu Guang-Jian , Ji Xian-Jun , Cao Wen-Hao , Zhu Ya-Wei , Bacha Sher
Published: February 2024

Unloading excavation can increase the possibility of rock burst, especially for coal seam with rock parting. In order to explore the evolution process of rock burst under lateral unloading, the combination of in situ measures and numerical experiments is used to study. The following four points were addressed: (1) the coal seam with rock parting easily causes the stick-slip and instability along the interface, and the process of stick-slip and instability has hysteresis characteristics; (2) the greater the degree of unloading or the smaller the interface friction angle of the Coal-Rock Parting-Coal Structure (CRCS), the more likely it is for stick-slip and instability to occur; (3) the abnormal increase of shear stress and slip dissipation energy can be used as the precursory information of the stick-slip and instability of CRCS; (4) the damage intensity of rock burst induced by stick-slip and instability of CRCS can be reduced by reducing the unloading speed or increasing the roughness of interface. The research results can be used for early warning and controlling of dynamic disaster induced by stick-slip instability in coal seam with rock parking.
Implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam Membentuk Karakter Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Rulynda Tiara , Ardhyantama Vit , Khalawi Hasan
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik sekolah dasar, (2) faktor pendukung implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila, (3) faktor penghambat implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil menunjukan bahwa: (1) Implementasi Profil Implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik SD Negeri 2 Baleharjo dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh mulai dari kegiatan pembelajaran, pembiasaan, ekstrakurikuler, dan kokurikuler yang menjadikan siswa memiliki karakter sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila.  (2) Faktor pendukung implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila yaitu sarana dan prasarana yang baik, terdapat tenaga pengajar yang mengikuti program guru penggerak dan kondisi lingkungan belajar yang nyaman dan kondusif. (3)  faktor penghambat implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila yaitu keterbatasan guru dalam menyusun RPP, keterbatasan guru dalam menggunakan media IT serta sumber belajar yang bervariasi, dan menurunya minat belajar siswa.
Penerapan Model POE Berbantuan Media Realia untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa
Authors: Safitri Islamiati , Sulistri Emi , Prihatiningtyas Nindy Citroresmi
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk:1) untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa setelah diterapkan model POE berbantuan media realia pada materi gaya; 2) untuk mengetahui keterlaksanaan penerapan model pembelajaran POE berbantuan media realia pada materi gaya. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain One Grup Pre Test Post Test. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN 09 Semelagi. Sampel penelitian diambil secara purposive sampling. Analisis tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif rumusan pertama menggunakan persamaan N-gain ternormalisasi dan untuk rumusan kedua menggunakan perhitungan persentase keterlaksanaan model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) dari hasil perhitungan rata-rata N-gain kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa sebesar 0,6 yang berada pada kategori sedang, artinya model pembelajaran POE berbantuan media realia dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran POE berbantuan media realia pada materi gaya; 2) perhitungan rata-rata keterlaksanaan sebesar 88% dengan kriteria sangat baik, artinya model pembelajaran POE berbantuan media realia terlaksana dengan sangat baik pada materi gaya di kelas IV  SDN 09 Semelagi.
Tienda de accesorios para mascotas con diseños étnicos G Pet´s en Lima moderna
Authors:   , Mantilla Llerena Leonel , Quispe Villar Angie Giselle , Lopez Moron Leyla Esperanza , Gomez Huaraca Janeth Rocio , Donayre Chavez Wilfredo Raul
Published: February 2024

Este presente proyecto TIENDA DE ACCESORIOS PARA MASCOTAS CON DISEÑOS ÉTNICOS G PET´S EN LIMA MODERNA, presenta los hallazgos clave de un estudio de investigación sobre los collares con GPS y diseño étnico para mascotas. El objetivo de este proyecto es analizar la viabilidad, implementación y rentabilidad de nuestra empresa de dispositivos para la ubicación y rastreo de las mascotas. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante el análisis de mercado interno y externo de la Empresa G Pet’s y a través de encuestas a propietarios de mascotas de la ciudad de lima moderna de nivel socioeconómico. Los resultados revelaron los siguientes puntos clave: Necesidad y demanda: Existe una creciente necesidad y demanda de collares con GPS para mascotas, impulsada por la preocupación de los dueños por la seguridad y el bienestar de ellos, esto es debido a la creciente tendencia que considera a las mascotas como miembros de la familia. Beneficios y funcionalidades: Los collares con GPS ofrecen una serie de beneficios, como la capacidad de rastrear la ubicación de las mascotas en tiempo real, historial de rastreo y recibir alertas en caso de que la mascota se salga de las áreas designadas en el hogar. Aceptación del mercado: La investigación mostró una alta aceptación y satisfacción por parte de los propietarios de mascotas que utilizan collares con GPS. Los encuestados destacaron la tranquilidad y la sensación de seguridad que experimentan al poder localizar a sus mascotas en todo momento. Factores limitantes: Sin embargo, se identificaron algunos desafíos, como el precio inicial, así como la necesidad de cargar semanalmente los dispositivos. Estos factores pueden limitar la compra masiva de los collares con GPS…
Determinación de la presencia de huevos de Toxocara spp. en suelo y césped de los parques no cercados del distrito de Chorrillos en el año 2021
Authors:   , Bastas Espinoza Maria del Rosario
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la presencia de huevos de Toxocara spp. en los parques no cercados del distrito de Chorrillos en Lima, Perú, se muestrearon 90 parques no cercados, pertenecientes a 38 diferentes urbanizaciones. Las muestras fueron recolectadas usando el Método de la doble W, y fueron procesadas con el Método de flotación de Willis, considerándose positiva aquella muestra que presente al menos un huevo de Toxocara spp. Los parques fueron categorizados según su estado de conservación, parques conservados (césped en toda su área) y mal conservados (césped menos del 50% del área). Teniendo como resultado, la presencia del 26.7 + 17.7% de parques positivos a Toxocara spp., en parques conservados fue del 31.6% (18/57), mientras que en parques no conservados fue del 18.2% (6/33). Asimismo, no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p=0.166) entre la presencia de parásitos y el estado del parque (conservado y no conservado).
Marketing relacional y fidelización de clientes en una empresa importadora y comercializadora de suministros para publicidad (Lima-Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Sanchez Tello Raquel Diane , Leon Chirinos Melissa Ibeth
Published: February 2024

Dentro del contexto de la existencia de los negocios, la relación de las empresas y los clientes juegan un papel importante para su mantenimiento en los mercados. Es por ello, se consideró al objetivo general: determinar la relación entre marketing relacional y fidelización de clientes en una empresa importadora y comercializadora de suministros para publicidad (Lima-Perú), 2022. Asimismo, 100 clientes conformaron la cantidad de participantes, estos fueron seleccionados por medio de un muestreo no probabilístico por juicio. En relación con la metodología esta se condujo por el enfoque cuantitativo y diseño correlacional descriptivo. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario bajo el formato de la escala de Likert, cuyos datos fueron sometidos al análisis psicométrico, dando resultados positivos en la validez y confiabilidad a través del estadístico Alfa de Cronbach. Luego del procesamiento de datos, en la contrastación de hipótesis se concluyó que, existe una relación directa y significativa con un coeficiente de correlación (r=0,588) entre marketing relacional y fidelización de clientes en una empresa importadora y comercializadora de suministros para publicidad (Lima-Perú), 2022.
Fractal and Multifractal Characteristics on Pore Structure of Coal-Based Sedimentary Rocks Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Zhang Na , Guo Shuhui , Wang Shuaidong , Tong Yizhuo , Li Zheng , Wu Jiaqi
Published: February 2024

Unconventional reservoirs have nanoscale pores, complex pore structures, and heterogeneity that directly affect reservoir storage performance and fluid transport capacity. In this study, shale, mudstone, and sandstone, three typical coal sedimentary rocks from the Daqiang coal mine in the Tifa Basin, were selected for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation, with the aim to investigate the pore structure and multifractal characteristics of the coal sedimentary reservoirs and to qualitatively analyze the effects of the physical property parameters and the mineralogical compositions on the multifractal parameters. The distribution data of the NMR T2 spectra were analyzed. The results showed that (1) SEM analysis concluded that the pore system of the three different lithological samples (mudstone, shale, and sandstone) was dominated by mineral matrix pores (i.e., intergranular and intragranular pores) and in the sandstone samples, there were only a few biological pores found. (2) The distribution of the NMR T2 spectrum peaks indicates that the sandstone and shale T2 spectra are bimodal, dominated by micropores, and contain a small number of transitional pores; most of the T2 spectra of mudstone are single peaks in distribution, mainly dominated by micropores. (3) Multifractal parameters are positively correlated with porosity and significantly negatively correlated with permeability; multifractal parameters are significantly positively correlated with the content of clay minerals and kaolinite, which suggests that the increase in clay minerals and kaolinite content enhances the heterogeneity of the pore space. The negative correlation with the content of quartz suggests that the enrichment of quartz reduces the irregularity of the pore space.
Professionally phubbed: a mixed-method experiment measuring the effects of phone snubbing behaviour during a job interview
Authors: Ochs Carli , Jaunin Astride , Kosnowski Nathalie , Sauer Juergen
Published: February 2024

Phubbing (i.e. ignoring someone while using a phone) may occur at work, having an impact on the phubbee, the phubber and the organization at large. We used a mixed method experiment to examine the impact of phubbing on different work-related variables such as objective performance, extra-role behaviour, subjective states, and first impression judgements during job interviews. Ninety-three participants took part in a simulated job interview based on the Trier Social Stress Test. In the experimental group, participants were repeatedly phubbed during both the interview and a subsequent performance test. At the end of the experiment, phubbed participants were asked to describe their experience and thematic analysis was used to evaluate their responses. Overall, results of the quantitative analysis revealed that first impressions, judgements and subjective states were negatively affected by phubbing. Regarding performance, a within-session analysis revealed that participants performed faster on a performance test (mental arithmetic task) when they were not phubbed compared to when they were phubbed. No effect of phubbing was found on extra-role behaviour. A qualitative analysis of responses revealed considerable differences between interviewees in their use of coping strategies (e.g., rationalization of phubbing). These findings suggest the need to address phubbing at the workplace.
Effects of exercise training on cardiac output in subjects with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) – a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schoch Raphael , Gasser Benedikt , Beck Philippe , Appenzeller-Herzog Christian , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno
Published: February 2024

Background: Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) commonly experience exercise intolerance, resulting in reduced cardiorespiratory fitness. This is characterised by a decreased maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak), which is determined by the product of cardiac output (CO) and arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vDO2). While exercise training has been shown to improve V̇O2peak in HFpEF patients, the effects on CO remain unclear. The aim of this study is to systematically review and analyse the current evidence on the effects of supervised exercise training on CO in patients with HFpEF.
Methods: We will systematically search for literature describing the effects of supervised exercise training on CO in patients with HFpEF. All eligible studies published before 30 June 2023 in the following electronic databases will be included: Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), SportDiscus (EBSCOhost), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library). Effect sizes will be extracted for CO before and after a supervised exercise training intervention at rest and maximal exercise. Mass of heterogeneity (I2) will be calculated and either fixed effect models or random effect models will be used for meta-analysis. To detect a potential publication bias, funnel plot analyses will be performed.
Discussion: While several studies have reported a positive effect of supervised exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness, attempts to assess the underlying determinants of V̇O2peak, CO, and a-vDO2 are much scarcer, especially in patients with HFpEF.
From a physiological perspective, measuring CO before and after supervised exercise training seems to be a reasonable way to accurately operationalise a potential improvement in cardiac function.
PROSPERO registration number
CRD42022361485.
Constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark matter from OSIRIS-REx target asteroid Bennu
Authors: Tsai Yu-Dai , Farnocchia Davide , Micheli Marco , Vagnozzi Sunny , Visinelli Luca
Published: February 2024

Using the OSIRIS-REx mission and ground-based tracking data for the asteroid Bennu, we derive new constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark matter. The bounds we obtain are strongest for mediator masses $m \sim 10^{-18} - 10^{-17}\,{\rm eV}$, where we currently achieve the tightest bounds. Our limits can be translated to a wide class of models leading to Yukawa-type fifth forces, and we demonstrate how they apply to $U(1)_B$ dark photons and baryon-coupled scalars. Our results demonstrate the potential of asteroid tracking in probing well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model and ultralight dark matter satisfying the fuzzy dark matter constraints.
A RsrC-RsrA-RsrB transcriptional circuit positively regulates polysaccharide-degrading enzyme biosynthesis and development in Penicillium oxalicum
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Ning Yuan-Ni , Liang Xue , Shen Xin , Tian Di , Li Wen-Tong , Luo Xue-Mei , Feng Jia-Xun
Published: February 2024

Filamentous fungi produce polysaccharide-degrading enzymes governing tolerance to changing environments, and this is controlled by a poorly understood transcriptional circuit. Here, genome-wide screening and genetic analyses reveal a novel regulatory circuit comprising RsrC-RsrA-RsrB that positively regulates the production of raw starch-degrading enzymes (RSDEs) in Penicillium oxalicum. Transcription factor (TF) RsrA is essential for biosynthesis of RSDEs. Two novel TFs, RsrB and RsrC, containing Zn2Cys6 and C2H2 zinc finger domains, respectively, act downstream and upstream of RsrA. RsrA activates transcription of rsrB, and three nucleotides (G-286, G-287 and G-292) are required for RsrA binding to rsrB. Polypeptide RsrB165-271 binds the conserved DNA sequence 5’-KBKWYSNRKNDVVBS-3’ in the promoters of genes encoding major amylases. RsrC specifically binds rsrA promoter via bases -850 to -825, but not the promoters of amylase genes. This regulatory circuit influences mycelial growth and conidia production. The findings expand the complex regulatory network of fungal RSDE biosynthesis and development.
Total cholesterol and bilirubin levels are associated with neurologic outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Authors: Lee Sang Hwan , Cho Yongil , Oh Jaehoon , Kang Hyunggoo , Lim Tae Ho , Ko Byuk Sung , Yoo Kyung Hun , Lee Juncheol
Published: February 2024

Background
Assessing the neurologic outcomes of patients who experience out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is challenging. Neurologic outcomes were evaluated using initial nutrition related biochemical markers.
Methods
We used data from a multicentre retrospective observational study, the Korean Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Consortium (KoCARC) registry. Among the 666 patients, 217 had good neurologic outcomes, while 449 had poor neurologic outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses were employed.
Result
In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, total cholesterol ≥ 158.5 mg/dL, total bilirubin ≥ 0.265 mg/dL, Sodium < 142.1 mEq/L, AST < 200.5 U/L and were identified as significant biomarkers for good neurologic outcomes. In the CART analysis, total cholesterol ≥ 158.5 mg/dL and total bilirubin ≥ 0.365 mg/dL were found to be significant indicators. In additional analysis, when the total bilirubin level ranged from 0.6 to 0.7 mg/dL, the highest rate of a good neurologic outcome was observed at 44.6%, whereas levels below or above this range gradually indicated a lower rate of a good neurologic outcome.
Conclusion
We propose that total cholesterol and total bilirubin levels could serve as valuable indicators for predicting neurologic outcomes in patients with OHCA.
Morphologic and morphometric characterization of local goats raised in low input system under sub-tropical climate of India
Authors: Kumar Priya Ranjan , Choubey Mahipal , Kumar Anshuman
Published: February 2024

Lack of knowledge on genetic and phenotypic diversity of goats and its adaptation in local environment impede the implementation of strategies for breeding and management. Hence, the present study was undertaken to characterize the local goats of Vindhyan region of India based on their morphology and morphometry. The study conducted in 308 males and 590 females indicates that the goats of studied population is small in size with black or brown coat colouration, grey skin and horns, black eyelids and hooves, black or brown muzzle and characteristics flat, curved and spiral or straight horns oriented either upward-backward-outward (93.24%) or upward-backward (6.76%). Forehead was straight to slightly convex, ears were flat, leafy and pendulous and tail was bunchy and curved upward. Beard was present on 36.14% of goat. Milk production was very low whereas dressing percentage was recorded as 47.6 ± 0.31%. The major breeding season was found to be May-July whereas litter size was recorded as 1.37. The morphological appearance and morphometric measurement of body length, height at wither, chest-girth, length of ear, horn and tail and body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9, 12 months as well as adult body weight (6 teeth) indicated that the studied goat population is phenotypically distinct from the other goats of the adjoining area and are important genetic resource of India.
Basolateral amygdala Rims1 mediates adolescent social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice
Authors: Liu Ji-Hong , Lin Lian-Hong , Li Wei-Min , Wu Qian-Yun , Li Shuang-Yan , Ma Xu-Xuan , Xu Yuan , Deng Si-Fu , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2024

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common and debilitating mental illness that severely affects the quality of life of patients and their families. Due to the diversity, intensity and complexity of its symptoms, this disorder is poorly understood, diagnosed and treated. Genetic and chemical exposure factors are widely accepted to cause schizophrenia until now. However, little is known about whether and how single environmental factor itself can lead to schizophrenia. In this study, by using Mendelian randomization analysis (MR), we found that social isolation was an etiologic factor in the development of schizophrenia. Furthermore, we interestingly found that five-week social isolation immediately after weaning induced schizophrenia-like behaviors, which met the principle of the etiologic validity, face validity and predictive validity in establishing a mouse model of schizophrenia. Meanwhile, summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis (SMR) indicated that Rab-3 interacting molecule-1 (Rims1) was a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia. Adolescent social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors was accompanied by decreased level of Rims1 in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). And knockdown of Rims1 facilitated social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors. Finally, disturbed excitatory synaptic neurotransmission was critically involved in social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors. Our findings thus establish a new animal model in studying the mechanisms of schizophrenia and offer a potential method for analyzing the interactive effects of individual genetic and environmental factors in the onset and development of schizophrenia.
The Nematode Signaling Molecule ascr#18 Induces Prehaustorial Defenses in Wheat Against a Leaf Rust Fungus
Authors: Akshita Kamboj , Thielmann Jennifer , Delfan Saba , Manohar Murli , Schroeder Frank C. , Klessig Dan F. , Kogel Karl-Heinz
Published: February 2024

Leaf rust, caused by the pathogenic biotrophic rust fungus Puccinia triticina (Pt), is one of the most destructive wheat diseases worldwide; its negative impact on crop yields is exacerbated by increasing temperatures due to climate change. Ascarosides are nematode pheromones that induce resistance to microbial pathogens and pests in a wide range of crops, making them valuable components in biocontrol scenarios. We investigated the effect on infection of various wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes with the virulent Pt race 77WxR by ascaroside#18 (ascr#18), the major ascaroside secreted into the rhizosphere by plant-parasitic nematodes. Spraying the leaves with ascr#18 24 hours before inoculation with fungal uredospores slowed disease development and resulted in a reduction of the number of rust pustules on treated leaves compared to untreated leaves. Dose-response analysis over the nano- and micromolar range revealed a broad optimum concentration for the control of Pt. Microscopic analysis showed very early partial arrest of the fungus at the pre-appressorial stage, with associated enhanced local accumulation of H2O2 and abortive stoma penetration. Very few fungal structures grew in the area between stomata, and the cells surrounding them did not appear to undergo hypersensitive cell death. The results of this study are consistent with and expand upon earlier research that showed ascr#18 activates plant immunity, which protects plants against pathogens. These findings indicate that ascr#18 has a wide-ranging protective effect even at very low concentrations, and could be developed further as a valuable active ingredient for controlling agronomically important plant diseases and pests.
Pkd2l1 deletion inhibits the neurogenesis of cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons and impedes spinal cord injury repair
Authors: Zhang Yi , Cao Liang , Yan Haijian , Luo Zhangrong , Chen Chanjuan , Shangguan Zeyu , Li Qizhe , Shi Xuexing , Yang Leiluo , Tan Wei , Yang Shengxin , Fu Jiangquan , Wang Chunqing , Dou Xiaowei , Li Qing
Published: February 2024

Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) hold great promise for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair, but their identity in the mammalian spinal cord remains elusive. We previously demonstrated that Pkd2l1-positive cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) harbor the NSC properties. Furthermore, elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of CSF-cNs is crucial to SCI repair. Here, we utilized Pkd2l1−/− transgenic mice to investigate the role of Pkd2l1 in CSF-cN neurogenesis and SCI repair. We were shocked to find that the CSF-cN population was almost absent in Pkd2l1−/− mice. Following SCI, Pkd2l1−/− mice showed a significant reduction in NSCs surrounding the central canal. Notably, Pkd2l1−/− mice displayed deficient neuronal regeneration and impaired motor recovery after SCI. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Pkd2l1 plays a pivotal role in governing the neurogenesis of CSF-cN and the population of NSC, indicating its potential significance in advancing the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for SCI repair.
Circulatory collapse requiring mechanical circulatory support in a child with autoimmune adrenal insufficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Hejazi Yahia , Tegtmeyer Ken , Chlebowski Meghan , Gist Katja M
Published: February 2024

Background: We report a rare case of new onset autoimmune adrenal insufficiency in childhood, presenting with severe shock requiring mechanical circulatory support. In the current era of readily available imaging, laboratory and other diagnostic investigations, medical history and careful physical exam can often provide valuable diagnostic information for timely therapy.
Case presentation: A 7 y/o male child with a history of mild intermittent asthma, presented with severe cardiogenic shock requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Bronzing of his entire body was noted on physical exam. Stress dose hydrocortisone was given for suspected adrenal insufficiency. After weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extensive rehabilitation, the patient recovered and was discharged home.
Conclusion: Primary adrenal insufficiency should be considered in the context of physical exam and laboratory findings, even in the presence of circulatory shock.
Perceptions of Pregnant Couples about Talking to Baby in the Womb
Authors: Bhamani Shelina , Syed Areeba , Karim Zaibunissa , Sheikh Sara , Faisal Abdullah Bin , Malik Hajra , Abbas Maliha , Attaullah Anita , Sheikh Lumaan
Published: February 2024

Background:The growth and development of the unborn child in the womb is affected by various internal and external factors. Auditory stimuli play a crucial factor in the development of the fetus therefore this study aims to explore the perceptions and barriers of pregnant women about conversation with the fetus.
Materials and Methods:This qualitative study used manual methods of thematic analysis through purposive sampling. In depth and semi structured questionnaire online survey were distributed among 66 urban area pregnant women.
Results: Three major themes were extracted from the date. (1) Perceived significance of talking to baby in womb with 3 sub themes including Cognitive, parental, and fetal development, (2) Description of connection between in utero and outside world including External Sensory Stimulus, mother gestures and Movement of the fetus and (3) Barriers to talking to baby in womb including language, Psychological and Physical Social barriers
Conclusion:The findings suggested that the parents had a fundamental understanding of the importance of communication with the fetus and its impact on cognitive growth. However, there are various physical and social barriers that act as hindrance in building communication with the fetus. It is recommended to organize awareness sessions including in prenatal periods that motivate and teach parents on building communicating relations with the fetus.
Microbiological characterization of the gut in patients with sudden total deafness
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Yu Ming , Gong Zhengpeng , Ma Zhaolei , Song Kai , Yang Zongying , Zhang Xianli
Published: February 2024

Objective To investigate a differential analysis of the intestinal flora characteristics of individuals with sudden total deafness and a healthy control population, it will be possible to determine whether there is a link between intestinal flora and sudden total deafness.
Methods Fresh stool samples were taken from 10 patients with sudden total deafness and 10 healthy subjects (family members of 10 patients with sudden total deafness) who were hospitalized at Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University between December 2021 and February 2022. All subjects' stool samples were then analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology.
Results We examined the differences in intestinal bacterial diversity between sudden total deafness and healthy normal patients using high-throughput sequencing technologies. The results of sample hierarchical clustering and principal coordinates analysis revealed that the sample flora structure varied between the sudden total deafness and normal control groups; multi-level species difference discriminant analysis and between-group difference analysis revealed that the intestinal flora of the 2 groups in the phylum Aspergillus (P=0.034), Clostridium (P= 0.003), with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups, but the relative absorption was similar between the 2 groups. The prevalence of Raoulia spp., Klebsiella spp., Caulobacter spp., Haemophilus spp., and Clostridium spp. was positively connected with sudden total deafness, according to a correlation study.At the genus level, five genera, including Porphyromonas spp., were considerably enriched in the entire deafness group, whereas only Clostridium spp. were significantly enriched in the normal control group, according to an LEfSe multilevel species hierarchy analysis.Four paths existed between the groups, according to PICRUSt functional prediction study.The four routes were considerably different at level 3 according to the results of the PICRUSt functional prediction analysis.
Conclusion Patients with sudden total deafness and their families have dramatically different gut flora in terms of composition and functional pathways.
Effect of Maternity Waiting Home Service Utilization on Perinatal Health Outcomes in Public Hospitals of West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region: Institution Based Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gejo Negeso , Edaso Aman , Bedecha Daniel , Geleta Abraham Endale , Endris Muluneh Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Background:Maternity waiting homes (MWHs), also known as mother’s shelters, are structures built near healthcare facilities. The use of MWHs has been linked to reductions in maternal mortality. However, due to a lack of strong evidence in this area, conclusive evidence has not been able to be reached indicating definitively that MWHs lead to fewer perinatal deaths.
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect of maternity waiting home service utilization on perinatal health outcomes in public hospitals in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, from February 1 to June 20, 2022.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 1606 mothers (803 maternity waiting home users and 803 non-users) who were admitted to public hospitals in the West Arsi Zone from February 1 to June 1, 2022. Simple random sampling methods were used to approach study participants. Epi-data version 3.1 and Stata version 16 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable generalized linear model analyses were done to identify associations between dependent and independent variables. Crude and adjusted relative risk with respective 95% confidence intervals were computed, and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05.
Result: There was a 39% reduced risk of developing perinatal complications in the exposed group when compared to the non-exposed group [RR = 0.61, 95% CL = 0.42, 0.88]. Multiparity [RR=1.42 95%Cl (1.17, 1.72), advanced maternal age [RR= 0.57 95%Cl (0.41, 0.97), and maternal complication [RR=1.59 95%Cl (1.34, 1.90)] were independent predictors for perinatal complications.
Conclusion & Recommendations: The present study found that maternity waiting home users had a reduced risk of developing perinatal complications when compared to non-users. Besides, advanced maternal age, multiparity, maternal complications, and transfer from another facility were independent predictors of perinatal complications. Strengthening maternity waiting home services is decisive to reducing perinatal complications.
Dual role of Aβ42Os in adult hippocampal neurogenesis regulated by mGluR5 at different stages of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wu Meijian , Wei Xuemin , Chen Qiuxuan , Liu Yuxiang , He Yani , Zhang Keke , Liu Yinghua , Wei Wei
Published: February 2024

Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease leading to irreversible loss of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) drops sharply correlated with cognitive status in AD patients. Beta-amyloid (Aβ), involved in the pathogenesis of AD, has been shown to positively or negatively affect the generation of new neurons. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is present in neural stem cells (NSCs) and promotes neuronal proliferation. In the pathophysiology of AD, mGluR5 is a co-receptor of Aβ oligomers that bind to cellular prion proteins. However, the role of mGluR5 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis during AD progression remains unclear.
Methods
In this study, we verified the effects of different concentrations of Aβ42 on hippocampus neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro. To explore the role of mGluR5 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis of AD, mGluR5 was knocked down in 5XFAD mice and primary neural stem cells. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and Ca2+ measurement were used to verify the mechanism of mGluR5 in neurogenesis. Finally, the impact of mGluR5 on AD cognitive function was detected through Morris water maze, novel object recognition, passive avoidance test.
Results
AHN increased in the early stage and decreased in the late stage of 5XFAD mice. Picomolar concentrations of Aβ42Os promoted NSCs proliferation, nanomolar concentrations of Aβ42Os restrained NSCs proliferation and induced apoptosis. Knockdown of mGluR5 ameliorated the inhibitory effect of nanomolar concentrations of Aβ42Os on NSCs proliferation, promoted neuronal differentiation and maturation. The CaMK-II-Erk/CREB signaling pathway may be the key for mGluR5 to regulate neurogenesis. mGluR5 knockdown reversed cognitive deficits in 5XFAD mice.
Conclusions
The data presented demonstrate that mGluR5 is a modulator in the bidirectional regulation of Aβ42 on neurogenesis. Targeting mGluR5 ameliorates reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive dysfunction in the late stage of 5XFAD mice.
Relationships between role stress profiles, psychological capital, and work engagement among Chinese clinical nursing teachers: a cross-sectional latent profile analysis
Authors: SUN XIANGJIE , YIN HAIYAN , ZHAO FENGE
Published: February 2024

Background
Clinical nursing practice is the keystone of nursing education. Efficient clinical nursing practices under the guidance of clinical nursing teachers can promote patient safety and healthcare quality. This study aimed to investigate the profiles of clinical nursing teachers’ role stress, determine whether sociodemographic factors and psychological capital correlate with different role stress profiles and examine the relationship between different role stress profiles and work engagement.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in China. A total of 412 clinical nursing teachers were enrolled using 406 valid questionnaires. Clinical nursing teachers’ role stress, psychological capital, work engagement, and sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using a questionnaire. A latent profile analysis was conducted to identify the different role stress profiles of clinical nursing teachers. Univariate and multivariate unordered logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with the profiles.
Results
The findings of latent profile analysis showed three profiles: low role stress-high lack of teaching resources profile (34.3%), moderate role stress profile (57.0%), and high role stress-low lack of teaching resources profile (11.7%). Multivariate unordered logistic regression showed that clinical nursing teachers with lower education levels, contract employment, regular qualification audits, and lower psychological capital scores were more likely to belong to Profiles 2 and 3 when Profile 1 was used as a reference. The analysis of variance revealed that the work engagement scores of Profile 3 were significantly lower than those of Profiles 1 and 2.
Conclusions
Clinical nursing teachers reported heterogeneous sociodemographic and psychological capital, with significant differences in the degree of role stress between the identified profiles. Targeted interventions should be provided according to the profiles of role stress to improve work engagement and teaching quality.
Effect of Moisture Content Levels on the Quality of Beech Wood Cut by CO2 Laser
Authors: Corleto Roberto , Gaff Milan , Ditommaso Gianluca , Rezaei Fatemeh , Nemeth Robert , Valente Francesco , Sethy Anil Kumar , Todaro Luigi
Published: February 2024

The moisture content of wood influences its machinability and the resulting quality of the machined surface. This study aims to explore the impact of varied moisture content on the final quality of beech wood cut by a CO2 laser (Fagus sylvatica L.). Laser cutting was performed on beech lumbers conditioned at moisture levels of 0%, 8%, 12%, and 18%. The Laser-cut specimens were evaluated for surface roughness and waviness by using a stylus surface profilometer at three measuring locations: top, middle, and bottom. The total color difference ΔE was also assessed using a spectrophotometer at the same three locations. The most intriguing findings revealed that surface specimens with higher moisture content are lighter than those with lower moisture content. Specifically, the top areas of specimens with different moisture content exhibited lighter shades than those in the middle and bottom areas. Notably, the surface profile of the specimens remained unaffected by variations in moisture content levels.
Preclinical evaluation and first-in-human study of Al18F-FAP-NUR for PET imaging cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Zhong Jiawei , Liu Lifang , Ye Xiaoting , Wang Xin-lu , Liu Shaoyu
Published: February 2024

Background
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has gained attention as a promising molecular target with potential utility for cancer diagnosis and therapy. 68Ga-labeled FAP-targeting peptides have been successfully applied to positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of various tumor types. To meet the applicable demand for peptide-based FAP tracers with high patient throughput, we herein report the radiosynthesis, preclinical evaluation, and the first-in-human imaging of a novel 18F-labeled FAP-targeting peptide.
Methods
Al18F-FAP-NUR was radiolabeled with 18F using an Al18F complex on a modified GE TRACERlab FXFN synthesis platform. The 18F-labeled peptide was evaluated against 68Ga-FAP-2286, a 68Ga-labeled FAP-targeting peptide, in biochemical and cellular assays, ex vivo biodistribution studies, and in vivo micro-PET imaging. Additionally, successful first-in-human imaging of the 18F-labeled peptide was performed in two patients with breast cancer and lung cancer, respectively.
Results
Al18F-FAP-NUR was automatedly prepared within 45 min with a non-decay corrected radiochemical yield of 18.73 ± 4.25% (n = 3). Compared to 68Ga-FAP-2286, the 18F-labeled peptide demonstrated more rapid, higher levels of cellular uptake and internalization, and lower levels of cellular efflux in HT1080-FAP cells. Micro-PET imaging and biodistribution studies conducted on xenograft mice models revealed a similar distribution pattern between the two tracers. However, Al18F-FAP-NUR demonstrated significantly higher tumor-specific uptake resulting in improved Tumor-Background Ratios (TBRs). In the patients, a significant accumulation of Al18F-FAP-NUR was found in the primary tumor. High uptake of the tracer within the bladder indicated that its major route of excretion was through urine.
Conclusion
Based on the physical imaging properties and longer half-life of 18F, Al18F-FAP-NUR exhibited promising characteristics such as enhanced tumor-specific accumulation and elevated TBRs, which made it a viable candidate for further clinical investigation.