bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flunarizine as a Candidate for Drug Repurposing Against Human Pathogenic Mammarenaviruses
Authors: Ofodile Chukwudi A. , Uzochukwu Ikemefuna C. , Ezebuo Fortunatus C. , Ejiofor InnocentMary , Adebola Mercy , Okpoli Innocent , Cubitt Beatrice , Witwit Haydar , Okwuanaso Chetachi B. , Onyemelukwe Ngozi , de la Torre Juan Carlos
Published: January 2025

Lassa fever (LF), a viral hemorrhagic fever disease with a case fatality rate that can be over 20% among hospitalized LF patients, is endemic to many West African countries. Currently, no vaccines or therapies are specifically licensed to prevent or treat LF, hence the significance of developing therapeutics against the mammarenavirus Lassa virus (LASV), the causative agent of LF. We used in silico docking approaches to investigate the binding affinities of 2015 existing drugs to LASV proteins known to play critical roles in the formation and activity of the virus ribonucleoprotein complex (vRNP) responsible for directing replication and transcription of the viral genome. Validation of docking protocols were achieved with reference inhibitors of the respective targets. Our in silico docking screen identified five drugs (dexamethasone, tadalafil, mefloquine, ergocalciferol, and flunarizine) with strong predicted binding affinity to LASV proteins involved in the formation of the vRNP. We used cell-based functional assays to evaluate the antiviral activity of the five selected drugs. We found that flunarizine, a calcium-entry blocker, inhibited the vRNP activity of LASV and LCMV and virus surface glycoprotein fusion activity required for mammarenavirus cell entry. Consistently with these findings, flunarizine significantly reduced peak titers of LCMV in a multi-step growth kinetics assay in human A549 cells. Flunarizine is being used in several countries worldwide to treat vertigo and migraine, supporting the interest in exploring its repurposing as a candidate drug to treat LASV infections.
Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Shah Smit , Green Joshua , Graff Shantelle A. , Li Qi , Heiss John D.
Published: January 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a devastating, aggressive primary brain tumor with poor patient outcomes and a five-year survival of less than 10%. Significant limitations to effective GBM treatment include poor drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier, drug resistance, and complex genetic tumor alterations. Gene therapy uses a mechanism different from other GBM therapies to reduce tumor growth and enhance antitumor immunity. This review article will provide an update on various viral and nonviral vectors, their DNA and RNA cargoes, and how they genetically modify tumor cells and evoke therapeutic responses to GBM. The article explores the oncolytic and immunogenic effects of gene therapy agents. It reviews promising DNA transgenes, RNA inhibitors, and vectors for anti-GBM therapy. The possible benefits of combining gene therapy with standard GBM treatments will also be covered.
Betacoronaviruses Differentially Activate the Integrated Stress Response to Optimize Viral Replication in Lung-Derived Cell Lines
Authors: Renner David M. , Parenti Nicholas A. , Bracci Nicole , Weiss Susan R.
Published: January 2025

The betacoronavirus genus contains five of the seven human coronaviruses, making it a particularly critical area of research to prepare for future viral emergence. We utilized three human betacoronaviruses, one from each subgenus—HCoV-OC43 (embecovirus), SARS-CoV-2 (sarbecovirus), and MERS-CoV (merbecovirus)—, to study betacoronavirus interactions with the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) pathway of the integrated stress response (ISR)/unfolded protein response (UPR). The PERK pathway becomes activated by an abundance of unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to phosphorylation of eIF2α and translational attenuation. We demonstrate that MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, and SARS-CoV-2 all activate PERK and induce responses downstream of p-eIF2α, while only SARS-CoV-2 induces detectable p-eIF2α during infection. Using a small molecule inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation, we provide evidence that MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43 maximize viral replication through p-eIF2α dephosphorylation. Interestingly, genetic ablation of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34) expression, an inducible protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)-interacting partner targeting eIF2α for dephosphorylation, did not significantly alter HCoV-OC43 or SARS-CoV-2 replication, while siRNA knockdown of the constitutive PP1 partner, constitutive repressor of eIF2α phosphorylation (CReP), dramatically reduced HCoV-OC43 replication. Combining GADD34 knockout with CReP knockdown had the maximum impact on HCoV-OC43 replication, while SARS-CoV-2 replication was unaffected. Overall, we conclude that eIF2α dephosphorylation is critical for efficient protein production and replication during MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43 infection. SARS-CoV-2, however, appears to be insensitive to p-eIF2α and, during infection, may even downregulate dephosphorylation to limit host translation.
Comparative Analyses of Antiviral Potencies of Second-Generation Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs) and the Developmental Compound 4d Against a Panel of Integrase Quadruple Mutants
Authors: Smith Steven J. , Zhao Xue Zhi , Hughes Stephen H. , Burke Terrence R.
Published: January 2025

Second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are strongly recommended for people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). The emergence of resistance to second-generation INSTIs has been infrequent and has not yet been a major issue in high-income countries. However, the delayed rollouts of these INSTIs in low- to middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic combined with increased transmission of drug-resistant mutants worldwide are leading to an increase in INSTI resistance. Herein, we evaluated the antiviral potencies of our lead developmental INSTI 4d and the second-generation INSTIs dolutegravir (DTG), bictegravir (BIC), and cabotegravir (CAB) against a panel of IN quadruple mutants. The mutations are centered around G140S/Q148H, including positions L74, E92, and T97 combined with E138A/K/G140S/Q148H. All of the tested INSTIs lose potency against these IN quadruple mutants compared with the wild-type IN. In single-round infection assays, compound 4d retained higher antiviral potencies (EC50 values) than second-generation INSTIs against a subset of quadruple mutants. These findings may advance understanding of mechanisms that contribute to resistance and, in so doing, facilitate development of new INSTIs with improved antiviral profiles.
Elegant and Innovative Recoding Strategies for Advancing Vaccine Development
Authors: Meurens François , Renois Fanny , Karniychuk Uladzimir
Published: January 2025

Recoding strategies have emerged as a promising approach for developing safer and more effective vaccines by altering the genetic structure of microorganisms, such as viruses, without changing their proteins. This method enhances vaccine safety and efficacy while minimizing the risk of reversion to virulence. Recoding enhances the frequency of CpG dinucleotides, which in turn activates immune responses and ensures a strong attenuation of the pathogens. Recent advancements highlight synonymous recoding’s potential, offering improved genetic stability and immunogenicity compared to traditional methods. Live vaccines attenuated using classical methods pose a risk of reversion to virulence and can be time-consuming to produce. Synonymous recoding, involving numerous codon alterations, boosts safety and vaccine stability. One challenge is balancing attenuation with yield; however, innovations like Zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) knockout cell lines can enhance vaccine production. Beyond viral vaccines, recoding can apply to bacterial vaccines, as exemplified by modified Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, which show reduced virulence. Despite promising results, challenges like ensuring genetic stability, high yield, and regulatory approval remain. Briefly, ongoing research aims to harness these innovations for comprehensive improvements in vaccine design and deployment. In this commentary, we sought to further engage the community’s interest in this elegant approach by briefly highlighting its main advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects.
Inactivation of Zika Virus with Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin
Authors: Hewitt Cory R. , Wixon Nicholas J. , Gallegos Arthur , Zhou You , Huber Victor C. , Killian M. Scott
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is associated with life-threatening diseases in humans. To date, there are no available FDA-approved therapies or vaccines for the specific treatment or prevention of ZIKV infection. Variation in the ZIKV envelope protein (Env), along with its complex quaternary structure, presents challenges to synthetic approaches for developing an effective vaccine and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). We hypothesized that beta-cyclodextrin (BCD) could be used to uniquely inactivate infectious ZIKV without disruption of Env. Methods: ZIKV was propagated in Vero cells and admixed with BCD. The BCD-treated ZIKV was evaluated for infectivity using immunofluorescence and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assays, for immunoreactivity in Western blots, structural integrity by electron microscopy, and immunogenicity in mice. Results: Here, we show that 200 mM BCD-treated ZIKV is non-infectious in cell culture, remains immunoreactive with an Env-specific antibody, retains its virion shape and size, and elicits the production of immunogen-specific antibodies in immunized mice. Conclusions: These results indicate that BCD can be used to safely inactivate ZIKV, and they provide insights for vaccine and antibody development.
Efficacy of Chlorogenic Acid in Treating Tripterygium Glycoside-Induced Asthenozoospermia in Rats and Its Possible Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Long , Bello-Onaghise God’spower , Chen Mo , Li Shunda , Zhang Yu , Wang Haoran , Qu Qianwei , Li Yanhua
Published: January 2025

Tripterygium glycosides (TGs) are the most common form of traditional Chinese medicine, known as Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF) [...]
Distribution Characteristics and Sources of Microplastics in Inland Wetland Ecosystem Soils
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Li Changchao , Liu Xiaoke , Zhao Yongkang , Wang Yan , Zhang Yi , Liu Jian
Published: January 2025

Microplastic (MP) pollution, an emerging global change factor, disturbs the ecosystem functioning. Inland wetlands, providing important ecosystem services, might be an important sink for MPs. Understanding the distribution, source, and fate of MPs in inland wetland ecosystems is a prerequisite for developing an effective management strategy. Here, different types of inland wetlands, including the river wetland, constructed wetland, and lake wetland, were selected to explore the pollution patterns of MPs therein. Results showed that the abundance of MPs in wetland soil ranges from 532 to 4309 items/kg. Transparent, fibers, and polyethylene terephthalate were the most common color, shape, and polymer type of MPs, respectively. The constructed wetland in this study did not significantly remove MPs. The lake wetland was one of the main sinks for MPs in the inland wetland ecosystem and had accumulated large amounts of MPs. In addition, MP characteristics and cluster analyses showed that aquaculture, agricultural cultivation, and domestic waste were the most important sources of MPs in the study area. The occluded particulate organic carbon content in this study was related to MP abundance. In conclusion, this study reveals the pollution characteristics of MPs in the special inland wetland ecosystem of river-constructed-lake wetlands, which would help to better understand the distribution and source of MPs in inland wetlands and have implications for the subsequent pollution control and ecological restoration of inland wetlands.
Impact of Spatial Configuration of Bioretention Cells on Catchment Hydrological Performance Under Extreme Rainfall Conditions with Different Stormwater Flow Paths
Authors: Liu Xu , Huang Jun , Zheng Sicheng , Wang Li , Huang Yimin , Yu Zebin
Published: January 2025

Bioretention cells (BCs) are widely used to manage urban runoff due to their positive impact on runoff control. Current research primarily focuses on optimizing the internal structural design of bioretention cells, while studies on the interactions between their spatial configuration, topography, and land use types are limited. This study employs the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and uses extreme rainfall to analyze the influence of typical stormwater flow paths, determined by various land use types and topography, as well as the spatial configurations of bioretention cells on catchment hydrological performance. The results show the following: (1) Different stormwater flow paths significantly affect catchment hydrological performance, with series-type pathways performing best. (2) The spatial configuration of bioretention cells significantly influences catchment hydrological performance. Decentralized BCs under series-type pathways showed better performance for reducing total outflow and peak runoff, with reduction rates increasing by 7.1% and 8.8%, while centralized BCs better delayed peak times. (3) Stormwater flow paths affect BC efficiency in catchment hydrological performance. Decentralized BCs under a series-type stormwater flow path are recommended for priority use. This study provides a novel perspective for optimizing the spatial arrangement of BCs and urban stormwater management, thereby contributing to flood risk mitigation.
Compositional Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Slagging Process on a Water-Cooled Wall of an MSW Incinerator
Authors: Chen Shanping , Jia Tianyuan , Chen Yong , Yin Lijie , Huang Jingkuan , Yuan Guoan
Published: January 2025

The mechanism of slagging in municipal solid waste incinerators is complex, and the slagging process is simultaneously affected by the composition, temperature, and flue gas flow. In this study, slag samples on a water-cooled wall were first analysed, and the key components and fusion temperatures were measured. Second, a gas-phase combustion model of an incinerator was established, and the temperature and velocity distributions of the flue gas inside the incinerator were calculated. Based on the incineration process, coupled with a discrete-phase model, a numerical simulation model of the slagging process on the water-cooled wall of the incinerator was constructed, considering the transport and adhesion processes of ash particles. The influence of parameters such as the ash particle size and concentration on the degree of slagging on the water-cooled wall was analysed. Smaller ash particles were less likely to adhere to water-cooled walls, with approximately 2.72% of ash particles with a particle size of 10 mm adhering to water-cooled walls. The proportion of ash particles with a particle size of 50 mm adhering to water-cooled walls was approximately three times that of those with a particle size of 10 mm. As the concentration of ash particles increased, the number of ash particles adhering to the water-cooled wall increased, and the adhesion ratio decreased. These results are of great significance for optimising the operation of incinerators and reducing slagging rates.
Technologies and management in labor protection: what awaits us in 2025
Authors:   AO «OTECO», Stepanov V.V.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the latest technologies and methods used in the fi eld of labor
protection and industrial safety, as well as planned changes in legislation in 2025. The issues of
the causes of industrial injuries, the culture of labor protection as an element of management,
as well as the introduction of a risk-oriented approach are raised.
Servicing Large Corporate Clients in A Commercial Bank: Problems and Prospects of Development
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Sazonov S. P. , Kuzmina A. A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Tkacheva E. O. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Matkurbanova Z. K. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Radionova E. A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to evaluating the effectiveness of corporate customer service in the banking sector. At the fi rst stage, the research examines the theoretical aspects of corporate customer service in commercial banks, highlights the importance of corporate customers for the banking sector. The article analyzes the current state of the Russian banking sector, characterizes the main macroeconomic indicators of the banking sector, highlights changes in the structure and number of banking institutions. The reasons for the reduction in the number of credit institutions are considered, including a decrease in banks with universal and basic licenses, as well as identified problems such as high loss-making and lack of sustainable sources of income.
In addition, the article analyzes the modern practice of servicing large corporate clients in Sberbank PJSC, as well as analyzes the quality of corporate customer service in the bank, which is the object of research and in competing banks. The result of a criterion assessment of the quality of the banks’ service is presented, including the identification of advantages and disadvantages in
the service. The relevance of the research is due to the need to adapt the banking sector to changing economic conditions and challenges, as well as high competition in this industry. The scientifi c novelty lies in identifying the positive consequences of the crisis, such as the cleansing of the sector from inefficient players and the growth of non-bank credit institutions. The article highlights the importance of improving corporate governance in commercial banks. According to the results of the conducted
research, shortcomings in the service of corporate clients of Sberbank PJSC were identified and a set of measures was proposed to improve the comprehensive service of corporate clients, contributing to increasing their satisfaction.
Diabetes complications in people with alcohol use disorder and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cook Sarah , Saxena Sonia , Mathur Rohini , Beaney Thomas , Gnani Shamini , Neves Ana Luisa , Maini Arti , Parekh Ravi , Walters Kate , Osborn David , Quint Jennifer K
Published: January 2025

Background

People living with alcohol use disorder (AUD) who develop Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) may be at higher risk of diabetes-complications.

Aim

Our aims were to compare diabetes-monitoring and incidence of diabetes-complications between people with and without AUD prior to T2DM diagnosis attending primary care in England.

Design & setting

We used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum linked with Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Office for National Statistics (ONS) mortality data. The target population was people with incident T2DM diagnosed between 2004-2019.

Method

We defined AUD from codes indicating i) clinical diagnosis; ii) alcohol withdrawal; or iii) chronic alcohol-related harm. Outcomes were end stage renal disease (ESRD), lower limb amputation, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and all-cause mortality. We compared yearly HbA1c, creatinine and cholesterol monitoring activities for the first 5 years post T2DM diagnosis.

Results

The study population was 543,509 people, of whom 15 237(2.8%) had a code for AUD. Adjusting for measured confounders, people with AUD had higher rates of ESRD (IRR 1.95 95% CI 1.71, 2.23), lower limb amputation (IRR 1.78 95% CI 1.50, 2.21), stroke (IRR 1.35 95% CI 1.25, 1.46), CVD mortality (IRR 1.74 95% 1.63, 1.86) and all-cause mortality (IRR 2.10 95% CI 2.04, 2.17) but not MI (IRR 0.91 95% CI 0.82, 1.00) compared with people without AUD. Laboratory diabetes-monitoring was high in people with (83.5-91.1%) and without (83.7-92.4%) AUD.

Conclusion

People with AUD had nearly double the rates of most of the diabetes-complications investigated than people without AUD.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN ORANGTUA DENGAN PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN FIRST AID KITS DALAM PENANGANAN CIDERA TODDLER
Authors: Pasaribu Dewi Astuti , Sembiring Elyani , Zai Alvared Rahmadani
Published: January 2025

The role of parents is very important in having knowledge of the proper behavior of using First Aid Kits in treating injuries in toddlers. Toddlers aged 12-36 months are at risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the level of parental knowledge and the behavior of using First Aid Kits in treating injuries in toddlers. The research design is descriptive correlation with a cross sectional approach (cross tabulation). The research sample was 37 parents (respondents) who had toddler-aged children. In this study, the frequency distribution of the relationship (correlation) level of parental knowledge with the use of First Aid Kits showed that the majority of respondents were in the category with a “high” level of parental knowledge and the use of First Aid Kits in the "good" category was 11 (29.7%) respondent. From the results of the bivariate analysis research for the relationship (correlation) level of parental knowledge with the use of First Aid Kits in treating toddler-aged injuries, it is assumed that there is a relationship p-value = 0.01 (p = 0.01 < α = 0, 05, 95% significance value. For parents, it is hoped that they can complete the components and infrastructure of First Aid Kits so that they can handle injuries to toddlers in the household.
The Relationship between Knowledge and Nurse Compliance Regarding Preventing the Risk of Falls in Hospital Inpatient Rooms
Authors: Rahmah Nur Miladiyah , Pratama Muhamad Rizky , Minarningtyas Asih
Published: January 2025

Patient safety is a fundamental healthcare principle recognized as a growing global public health challenge. The six goals of Patient Safety include accurate identification of patients, increased effective communication, increased safety of cautionary medicines, assurance of the correct surgical site, correct procedures and surgery on the proper patient, reduced risk of healthcare-associated infections, and decreased risk of patient injury due to falls. This fall incident resulted in damages and increased the length of treatment and patient care costs. Injured patients can require an extended hospital stay. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge and nurses' compliance with preventing the risk of falls in patients at the West Java Regional Hospital, Bekasi City. This research method uses a cross-sectional approach to 54 nurses as a sample. The results of data analysis using the Chi-Square test showed a p-value of 0.153 (p<0.05). In conclusion, there is no relationship between nurses' knowledge and nurses' compliance regarding preventing the risk of falls in patients. Further research requires the observation of nurses' prevention of falls using the Morse fall scale observation sheets to determine whether nurses are obedient in their daily lives to prevent the risk of falls.
The Effectiveness of Incubator Humidity Education on Nurse's Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills in Perinatology Room
Authors: Ompusunggu Fransiska , Rustina Yeni , Efendi Defi
Published: January 2025

Newborns, especially premature infants, are at high risk of ineffective thermoregulation due to their less complex skin structure. Impaired thermoregulation experienced by premature infants can lead to hypothermia. Premature infants who experience hypothermia can cause complications that have the potential to cause disability and death. One of the efforts to prevent hypothermia is to place premature infants in an incubator that gives moisture so that moisture regulation is needed to help regulate the baby's temperature, especially in premature infants who experience ineffective thermoregulation. Humidity regulation is required for the incubator to prevent fluid loss through evaporation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of providing incubator humidity education on nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and skills in the Perinatology room. The research design used a pre-experimental group without control with an accidental sampling technique; namely, there was a pre-test before and a post-test after treatment. Thus, the treatment results can be more accurate because they can be compared with the situation before treatment. This study involved 37 respondents in the perinatology room in one of the state hospitals using pre-and post-test questionnaires conducted from April to May 2022. The results showed that there were significant differences before and after education on knowledge (p=0.001), attitudes (p=0.001), and skills (p=0.001). The results of this study can used as a reference in developing standard procedures for incubator humidity to prevent ineffective thermoregulation in premature infants through cognitive improvement of nurses about incubators.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and The Performance of Nurses in Medan Private Hospital
Authors: Gurning Yanty , Siregar Wiyanna Mathofani
Published: January 2025

Nurse performance is the result of nursing services, which determines the quality of health services and factors determining the image of health services institutions in the eyes of the community and demonstrate service. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nurses’ emotional intelligence and the performance of implementing nurses. The research design used was an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 114 people. Data collection tools using questionnaires and observation sheets were then analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of the study showed that the emotional intelligence of nurses obtained a p-value of 0,001 < α = 0,05. So, there is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and the performance of executive nurses in Medan Private Hospital. In conclusion, emotional intelligence is closely related to the performance of implementing nurses.
Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients in the Sidikalang Regional General Hospital
Authors: Silaban Jojor , Hasianna Vanesha , Silaban Verawaty Fitrinelda
Published: January 2025

Patients undergoing hemodialysis have become a health problem that is becoming a trend in society, where the prevalence is increasingly high. Hemodialysis is very important as a treatment therapy but not as a therapy to cure. The impact of hemodialysis therapy is that patients are vulnerable to emotional problems such as stress related to restrictions on diet and fluid intake, physical limitations, disease conditions, drug side effects, and dependence on dialysis. This research aims to describe the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. The type of research used was a descriptive survey, carried out at Sidikalang District Hospital, Dairi Regency. The population of this study was 42 hemodialysis patients. The sampling technique includes total sampling and an accidental sampling approach. Data analysis using univariate analysis to describe the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. The results showed that the majority of hemodialysis patients' quality of life was moderate, with 34 people (80.96%); each quality of life aspect domain shows that the majority in the physical health domain is poor with 25 people (59.52%), the majority in the psychological domain is poor with 31 people (73.80%), the majority in the social relations domain is good with 20 people (47.61%), and the environmental domain has a bad majority of 20 people (47.61%). Health workers in the hemodialysis unit are expected to play a role in providing health education about maintaining the physical, and psychological health, social relationships, and environment of hemodialysis patients through leaflets or watching educational videos during the process.
Early Mobilization Intervention Through Family Support for Post Laparotomy Wounds
Authors: Hanawati Siti , Sulistyawati Dwi , Suhariyanto Suhariyanto , Ndeta Egidius Umbu
Published: January 2025

Post laparotomy complications increase every year, ending in surgical wound infections. Efforts to prevent the healing process from taking a long time with early mobilization. So there is a need for a family support system.To determine the effect of early intervention through family support on the post-laparotomy wound healing process in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This research used a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test without control, a time series approach. The sample of 13 respondents used Non-Probability Sampling, namely Purposive Sampling. The research was conducted from February to March at Hospital In the research phase, families were provided with early mobilization education with family support through educational books and applied to patients. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The highest average family support was emotional support and appreciation with a mean of 13.23. Wound healing process after 5 days of observation, average increase in wound healing process pre 10.00 and post 10.15 There is an influence of early mobilization intervention through family support on the post laparotomy wound healing process in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Hospital X with a p-value of 0.001 (< 0.05).
L'Art vétérinaire de Pelagonius ou l’exercice de l’hippiatrie au IVème siècle ap. J.-C : l'édition des textes vétérinaires latins et grecs
Authors: Gitton-Ripoll Valérie
Published: January 2025

A reminder of the collaboration between the philologists and the veterinarians for the edition and translation of texts of the Greco-Roman age, and on hippiatrics in ancient times. Study on the identification of certain horse diseases according to their description or designation in Latin and Greek
Les soins au bétail chez les Peuls : une tradition ancestrale
Authors: Lobry M.
Published: January 2025

Panorama succinct des méthodes employées par les Peuls, depuis des temps immémoriaux, pour bien élever leur bétail et le soigner contre les principales maladies sévissant en Afrique.
Saint Hubert, guérisseur de la rage de l’homme et des animaux
Authors: Bazin Hervé
Published: January 2025

Histoire de saint Hubert, converti au christianisme après la vision miraculeuse d’un cerf portant un crucifix entre les bois. Nommé évêque, il mourut en 727 et fut canonisé en 743. En 825, son corps fut transféré dans une abbaye bénédictine des Ardennes belges où fut également conservée son étole, qui aurait eu le pouvoir de guérir hommes et animaux enragés. L’abbaye de Saint-Hubert devint alors un lieu de pèlerinage très fréquenté. Les êtres humains contaminés de rage étaient soignés par l’introduction d’un petit morceau de l’étole miraculeuse sous la peau du front (« taille ») et par des prières qui les protégeaient définitivement de la rage. Les animaux étaient traités par une marque avec un clou rougi au feu (« clé » ou « cornet » de saint Hubert), qui avait touché l’étole miraculeuse. Rétrospective sur l’évolution de la rage et les conditions de l’abandon des pratiques contre la rage à Saint-Hubert après la découverte du traitement de la maladie par Louis Pasteur.
Félix Vicq d’Azyr et l’épizootie de 1774 - 1776
Authors: Vallat François
Published: January 2025

La peste bovine du Sud-ouest de la France en 1774-1775 fut l’occasion pour le jeune médecin Félix Vicq d’Azyr, envoyé sur place par l’Académie des Sciences, d’étudier la maladie et de proposer les moyens de la combattre. Son rôle consista à rechercher l’origine possible de cette maladie (qu’il pensait apparentée à la peste humaine), à expérimenter de nouveaux traitements, et à appliquer les mesures de police sanitaire qui s’alourdirent au fur et à mesure des échecs. L’épizootie finit par s’éteindre spontanément, et plus de 150 000 bêtes trouvèrent la mort. Mais l’ouvrage publié en 1776, où F. Vicq d’Azyr a réuni sa documentation sur le sujet, a marqué durablement la police sanitaire française.
Un code rural à Byzance au VIIIe siècle
Authors: Seynave René Lucien
Published: January 2025

Après un rappel sur l’histoire de l’Empire Byzantin, ce texte présente une partie des 85 articles d’un Code Rural (Loi agraire) qui aurait été promulgué sous le règne de Léon III dans la première moitié du VIIIe siècle. Les articles traitant des régulations économiques et sociales (limites des propriétés, litiges entre propriétaires, poids et mesures…) et des animaux (rôle, importance, prédateurs, vols…) sont particulièrement analysés et commentés, de même que les sanctions applicables en cas de délits (indemnisation, fouet, mutilations, bûcher etc.)
Un manuscrit inédit de Jacques de Solleysel, 1676
Authors: Chouvy Roger
Published: January 2025

Un manuscrit autographe de Jacques de Solleysel, seulement connu jusqu’ici par des articles, est intégralement publié. Il s’agit de notes de thérapeutique équine prises en 1676 afin de compléter le Parfait Mareschal.
La maréchalerie dans la Grande Guerre
Authors: Bruneau Roland
Published: January 2025

La maréchalerie militaire durant la Grande Guerre est étudiée sur le plan des personnels, de leur formation, de la ferrure réglementaire, des matériels de forge. Utilisation de témoignages depuis la mobilisation, suivie de la guerre de mouvement, et pendant la période de stabilisation des fronts. Après le conflit, la mémoire est évoquée.
Achille Urbain (1884-1957) : l’éthologie prétexte. Un pastorien au Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle
Authors: Borrel Thierry Antoine
Published: January 2025

Achille Urbain (1884-1957), diplômé de l’école vétérinaire de Lyon (1906), s’engage dès 1903 dans l’armée qu’il quittera en 1931. Nommé au Laboratoire militaire de recherches vétérinaires (1920-1931), il prépare sa thèse de doctorat vétérinaire à l’Institut Pasteur, sous la direction d’Alexandre Besredka et devient un microbiologiste reconnu de ses pairs. Urbain entre au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle en 1931 et devient le premier directeur du Zoo de Vincennes (1933) ainsi que le premier titulaire en 1934 de la chaire d’« Éthologie des animaux sauvages » du Muséum, institution dont il assumera les fonctions de directeur de 1942 à 1949. Nous montrons que le savant est avant tout un microbiologiste pastorien, puis nous essayons de comprendre pourquoi il a choisi une chaire d’éthologie au Muséum, a priori très éloignée de ses aspirations scientifiques.
L'alimentation témoin de l'humanisation du chien?
Authors: Vallat François
Published: January 2025

Une revue des documents disponibles sur l'alimentation des chiens de chasse depuis l'Antiquité à nos jours suggère un changement des pratiques vers 1830, où la viande se substitue progressivement au pain, traduisant un renversement de l'image de cet animal. Au chien inquiétant, dont le tempérament sanguinaire s'amendait par une nourriture végétale, l'époque romantique substitue un compagnon dont la nature carnivore n'effraie plus.
Les vétérinaires militaires sous le Premier Empire 1804 - 1815
Authors: Dumas Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Cet article évoque la place des vétérinaires dans les armées napoléoniennes. Il en précise les effectifs et l’évolution au cours de l’Empire. Les modalités de recrutement, le statut des vétérinaires militaires et leurs conditions d’exercice sont envisagés ainsi que les uniformes qu’ils portaient.
Origines de la notion de « réservoir » en épidémiologie dans les ouvrages en français et en anglais
Authors: Steinfeld Nadine , Toma Bernard
Published: January 2025

Cet article a pour objectif d’identifier l’origine de différents syntagmes se rapportant à la notion de « réservoir » de maladie transmissible en français et en anglais.
Claude Bourgelat, la franc-maçonnerie mixte et l’ordre de la félicité
Authors: Plaideux Hugues
Published: January 2025

D’après les sources biographiques classiques, Claude Bourgelat (1712-1779), homme des Lumières, encyclopédiste et fondateur des Écoles vétérinaires de Lyon et d’Alfort, ne paraît pas avoir été franc-maçon. Un seul document à notre connaissance, à savoir un texte polémique pseudonyme publié en 1885, évoque l’appartenance maçonnique de Bourgelat, en 1746, lorsqu’il dirigeait l’académie royale d’équitation de Lyon. On se propose ici d’identifier son auteur, de replacer cette source dans son contexte et de justifier l’interprétation qu’il convient de lui donner.
La ferrure périplantaire, histoire d’une polémique
Authors: Degueurce Christophe
Published: January 2025

C’est en 1865 que Pierre Charlier, vétérinaire de la Compagnie des petites Voitures, dévoila une ferrure qu’il pensait révolutionnaire. Cette ferrure était composée d’un jonc de fer incrusté dans le pourtour de la muraille qui limitait l’usure du sabot tandis que la sole et la fourchette entraient en contact avec le terrain et limitaient les glissades. Cette ferrure brevetée, qualifiée de périplantaire, en remettant en cause les principes de la ferrure à la française, menaçait les ateliers parisiens tenus notamment par des vétérinaires en vue, si bien qu’elle déchaîna une polémique d’une rare violence qui connut son apogée l’année suivante.
La famille Bouley : un exemple d’évolution de la maréchalerie à la vétérinaire
Authors: Honnorat Charles
Published: January 2025

Henri Bouley, «Le Grand Bouley», connut la célébrité au XIX e siècle pour avoir développé la médecine vétérinaire et l’avoir fait reconnaître comme une spécialité médicale à part entière. Son père «Bouley Jeune», son oncle «Bouley Aîné» sont moins connus et l’on ignorait jusqu’à présent l’origine exacte de ces vétérinaires précurseurs. L’étude généalogique de cette famille permet de présenter un exemple lignée maréchaux-ferrants qui, peu érudits mais compétents, ont su appréhender les modifications qui devaient être apportées à leur profession, saisir les opportunités de se faire connaître et reconnaître, comprendre l’importance des révolutions scientifiques qui survenaient et notamment la théorie microbienne de Louis Pasteur. Ils ont participé à la création des outils primordiaux de développement de «la Vétérinaire» : le Recueil de médecine vétérinaire et la Société centrale de médecine vétérinaire. Ils ont su traverser les remous politiques qui, pendant un siècle, ont suivi la création des écoles vétérinaires.
La féminisation de la profession vétérinaire. Essai d'histoire prospective
Authors: Tourre-Malen Catherine
Published: January 2025

Curieusement, l'accès des femmes au métier de vétérinaire a été tardif, au regard d’autres professions libérales (médecin, avocat, architecte, etc.). Le temps des pionnières s'est prolongé jusqu''au début des années quatre-vingt. Mais ensuite, l’introduction de femmes a été rapide et massive au point qu’elle paraît irréversible. Comme cela a été constaté dans d’autres métiers féminisés, une forte présence de femmes engendre une augmentation des vocations féminines. Concomitamment, on observe une diminution des vocations masculines. Si la féminisation d’une profession s’accompagne généralement d’un changement des représentations, elle bouleverse aussi la manière de l’exercer, notamment pour ce qui a trait à l'organisation, les femmes privilégiant souvent les temps familiaux dès lors qu’elles vivent en couple ou ont des enfants. Il est difficile toutefois de déterminer si ces transformations sont du seul fait des femmes ou si elles découlent de l’évolution de la société.
La tuberculose est-elle « une » dans les deux médecines ? La trajectoire du vaccin BCG en France, 1900-1954
Authors: Berdah Delphine
Published: January 2025

This article presents the trajectory of the BCG vaccine, used against bovine and human tuberculosis, in France, from the beginning of the 20th century to the end of the 1950’ s. It reveals how Camille Guerin, one of the vaccine co-discoverer, put his knowledge of veterinary epistemology to a decisive use toward the vaccine development, its application in veterinary medicine, and the double-legitimization process that was set up against the vaccine opponents. It also reveals the underlying reasons behind the abandon of vaccination as part of bovine tuberculosis prophylaxis, justified not by any scientific arguments, but rather by the Institut Pasteur own strategic goals concerning its post-war research and production policy.
Alexandre Liautard (1835-1918). Le « père de la profession vétérinaire américaine »
Authors: Darré Roland
Published: January 2025

Alexandre François Augustin Liautard est un vétérinaire français né le 15 février 1835 à Paris et décédé le 20 avril 1918 à Bois-Jérôme-Saint-Ouen, (Eure). Diplômé de l’École nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse en 1856, il émigra aux États-Unis en 1859 pour exercer sa profession de vétérinaire praticien à New York jusqu’en 1900, date à laquelle il revint en France où il prit sa retraite. Le nom d’Alexandre Liautard est associé aux débuts de l’enseignement vétérinaire américain sous un statut privé. Liautard fut le fondateur et le doyen du New York American Veterinary College. Il participa à l’organisation professionnelle vétérinaire américaine et à la fondation de la United States Veterinary Medical Association, aujourd’hui American Veterinary Medical Association, dont il fut le moteur pendant de nombreuses années. Son nom est toujours cité dans la presse vétérinaire américaine comme l'une des personnalités dominantes de l'histoire de la profession pour en avoir forgé le standard professionnel et les missions, pour en avoir été le fédérateur, et en tant que fondateur de l’American Veterinary Review dont l’héritier est l’actuel Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA).

Alexandre Liautard est honoré aujourd''hui, comme il le fut de son vivant, du titre de « père de la profession vétérinaire américaine ».
Les illustrateurs en médecine vétérinaire : une spécialisation croissante
Authors: Vallat François
Published: January 2025

Dans l’édition vétérinaire de langue française au XIXe siècle, les illustrations sont l’oeuvre d’une série d’artistes dont la spécialisation dans le dessin scientifique croît avec le temps, notamment : N.-H. Jacob, H. Reverchon, Charles Aubry, Karl Loeillot, Antoine Chazal, E. Pochet, F. Gabillot, Amable Lombard, P. Lackerbauer, Georges Nicolet, D. Biscons, M.-A. Bagnières. Il apparaît que l’étroite collaboration entre auteur et dessinateur fait la qualité de l’illustration, comme le montrent les tentatives moins heureuses de vétérinaires s’étant cru capables de mener à bien sans l’aide d’un professionnel les figures de leurs ouvrages.
L'étrange histoire des jumerres et des jumarts
Authors: Meslé Daniel
Published: January 2025

Comment, le jumerre ou jumart, un présumé hybride d'équidé et de bovin autrefois présent dans les Alpes franco-italiennes, a suscité interrogation puis controverse dans le monde scientifique des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, et même encore de nos jours.
Naissance, vie et mort de l’agrégation vétérinaire en France
Authors: Toma Bernard
Published: January 2025

Créée en 1925, l’agrégation vétérinaire en France a été pendant huit décennies le mode de formation et de sélection des enseignants vétérinaires, ayant produit 224 agrégés à titre français et 16 agrégés à titre étranger. Reposant, pendant les premières années, sur des épreuves théoriques et pratiques à caractère essentiellement pédagogique, faisant une large place à la mémorisation, elle a intégré l’activité de recherche à partir de 1980, puis à la faveur d’une modification du statut des enseignants vétérinaires semblable à celui des enseignants-chercheurs de l’Université, elle a été progressivement remplacée par le doctorat d’université et l’habilitation à diriger des recherches (HDR), pour disparaître en 1997. L’effectif des agrégés à titre français est listé et analysé ; il témoigne, en particulier, de l’évolution croissante de la fraction féminine au sein des élèves, de la profession et du corps enseignant. Les avantages et les inconvénients de ce mode de formation et de sélection des enseignants-chercheurs des Écoles vétérinaires sont analysés. Elle ne demeure utilisée, en France, que pour les militaires, et dans un petit nombre de pays francophones, avec une formule adaptée à l’évaluation des activités d’enseignement et de recherche des futurs professeurs.
« La mort du petit cheval » questions et anachronismes autour de l’histoire de l’hippophagie en Bretagne
Authors: Leroux Bleuenn
Published: January 2025

When the horse occupies a central place in society as is the case in Brittany (France) in the eighteenth century, the treatment reserved for this animal and its relationship to the sacred require reflection. What happens to him once he becomes useless because of illness or infirmity ? Passed from life to death, what fate is reserved for his corpse ? How and where is the body buried ? In modern times, other mammals are butchered to provide meat tables and crafts in leather, bones, tendons, etc. What about equine organs ? Historians generally consider that the low consumption of horse flesh, explained by an archaic Christian anathema, deserves no comment. However, to present the Church as responsible for this underemployment is misleading : horse meat finds outlets, including hippophagy.
Le cheval blessé ou malade dans la nouvelle française au tournant du siècle (1830-1970)
Authors: Guirard de Camproger Diane
Published: January 2025

Based on different cases of horses suffering in French contemporary short stories (19th to 20th centuries), this article intends to diagnose from what pain or sicknesses the fiction horses are suffering the most. Analysing the narrative functions of the sick horse in literature will lead us to apprehend better the writer’s intentions, as well as the writing itself. What are the consequences of the use of a horse character – as well as his misfortunes – on the text construction ? We will see how the horse, even fictional, still only exists in literature to serve a purpose, until its death. This article is the fruit of a more exhaustive current PhD work on the fictional horse and its representations in french contemporean literature : «“ Cheval de papier” : représentations du cheval dans le roman français contemporain, de l’entre-deux guerres à nos jours » (UniCaen).
La bibliothèque mondiale du cheval. Une bibliothèque numérique universelle consacrée au cheval
Authors: Peretti Marie-laure
Published: January 2025

The MRSH CNRS University of Caen (House of research in human sciences), with the support of the Normandy Region, has launched a vast inventory project of written heritage on the horse and riding, combining its long experience on important written corpora and advances in digital document research. A large library is being built. Started following the model published in 1921 by General de Cavalry Mennessier de La Lance, it has been accessible since 2018 for free, and offers summaries, biographies and and digitalizations. Each new indexing is based on an in-depth study of collections and bibliographies which are enriched with metadata to ensure the durability and reliability of each entry.
Des façades de papier. Symbolique politique des billets et de l’architecture de la Banque de France au XIXe siècle
Authors: Manas Arnaud
Published: January 2025

Au XIXe siècle, la Banque de France développe son corpus fiduciaire et architectural avec des représentations iconographiques communes. Elle s’appuie d’abord sur le triple héritage de la Banque d’Angleterre, de la Révolution et de la Caisse des Comptes Courants. La Banque de France met en avant ses valeurs par des symboles et des allégories sur ses façades de pierre et de papier en reprenant discrètement l’iconographie officielle. Elle a aussi tenté de s’incarner sur ses billets et ses bâtiments dans une figure allégorique.