bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización clínica del paciente pediátrico atendido por mordedura de serpiente, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, 2015-2019.
Authors: Miralda Méndez Scheybi Teresa
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes: Las manifestaciones clínicas de las mordeduras de serpientes son similares en adultos y niños, aunque más graves en estos últimos debido a la proporción de veneno inoculado por la serpiente y el tamaño corporal del paciente pediátrico. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínicamente a los pacientes pediátricos atendidos por mordedura de serpiente, Sala de Emergencia de Pediatría, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, enero 2015-enero 2019. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo sobre expedientes clínicos. Se registraron características del accidente ofídico, manifestaciones clínicas y tratamiento. La serpiente fue identiicada en base a características informadas por familiares o por informe del Departamento de Laboratorio Clínico. Resultados: Se identiicaron 48 casos, edad media 11.3 años (desviación estándar +/-5.2), masculino 62.5% (30), procedencia rural 79.2% (38). Las serpientes se identiicaron como Familia Viperidae 87.5% (42); géneros Crotalus (Cascabel) 45.8% (22) y Porthidium (Tamagás negro) 35.4% (17). La mordedura fue leve 60.4% (29), en el pie (derecho/izquierdo) 41.7% (20). Clínicamente tenían equimosis 41.7% (20), dolor y edema 100% (48); presentaron criterios de severidad 12.5% (6); complicaciones 41.7% (20); y reacción adversa temprana al suero antiofídico 27.0% (13), de estos fue reacción anailáctica 7.7% (1/13). El manejo fue administración de suero antiofídico 83.3% (40), sin casos de mortalidad. Discusión: Los hallazgos en este estudio son compatibles con lo reportado por otros autores. La evolución clínica fue muy buena, identiicándose utilidad práctica al aplicar criterios de severidad como guía para el abordaje inicial y pronóstico. Se recomienda implementación de protocolo de atención de emergencias por mordedura de serpiente.
Weathering of Copper Deposits and Copper Mobility: Mineralogy, Geochemical Stratigraphy, and Exploration Implications
Authors: Chávez William X.
Published: July 2021

Weathering of pyrite and copper sulfide-bearing rocks produces a consistent series of iron- and copper-bearing minerals that reflect vertical and lateral geochemical changes as supergene solutions react with rock and experience loss of oxidizing capacity. Reactive host rocks, comprising feldspars, mafic minerals, chlorite, and carbonates, buffer pH values that limit copper mineral destruction, thus restricting the supergene transport of copper. Generally, rocks that have undergone well-developed hypogene or supergene hydrolysis of aluminosilicates promote copper mobility because they do not react substantially with low-pH supergene solutions generated by oxidation of pyrite and associated copper sulfides.

Development of geochemical stratigraphy is characterized by physical and geochemical parameters that determine the maturity of a supergene profile, with cyclical leaching and enrichment periods critical for the production of economically significant copper accumulation. Evidence for multicycle enrichment is recorded by hematite after chalcocite, hanging zones of copper oxides that replace chalcocite, and hematitic capping overlying immature goethitic-pyritic capping. Because pyrite is the most refractory sulfide with respect to chalcocite replacement, geochemically strong supergene enrichment is independent of total copper added to protore and instead is indicated qualitatively by the degree to which chalcocite replaces pyrite. Covellite replacement of chalcopyrite indicates weak copper addition to protore and generally represents the base and lateral extent of supergene enrichment; covellite replacement of chalcocite indicates incipient copper removal by copper-impoverished supergene solutions. Exploration for, and delineation of, mature supergene enrichment profiles benefits from the recognition of paleoweathering cycles and consequent development of mature geochemical stratigraphy.
ZNACZENIE ZASADY PAŃSTWA PRAWNEGO W PRAWIE UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ I POLSKIM PRAWIE KONSTYTUCYJNYM W KONTEKŚCIE ZASADY WZAJEMNEGO ZAUFANIA
Authors: Węcławska-Misiurek Magdalena
Published: July 2021

Zasada państwa prawa stanowi podstawową zasadę konstytucyjną. Jest fundamentem systemów prawnych wszystkich państw członkowskich oraz jedną z podstawowych wartości Unii Europejskiej. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie znaczenia zasady państwa prawnego w prawie Unii Europejskiej i w polskim prawie konstytucyjnym w kontekście zasady wzajemnego zaufania. Zastosowano metodę prawnodogmatyczną. Analizy dokonano w oparciu o polskie przepisy konstytucyjne – zwłaszcza art. 2 i 7 Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, regulacje unijne – w szczególności art. 2 Traktatu o Unii Europejskiej, ale także preambułę, art. 21 ust. 1, art. 49 Traktatu o Unii Europejskiej, preambułę Karty Praw Podstawowych Unii Europejskiej, Komunikat Komisji do Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady „Nowe ramy UE na rzecz umocnienia praworządności”, a także orzecznictwo Trybunału Konstytucyjne-go i Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej oraz stanowisko doktryny.
WERYFIKACJA CERTYFIKATU WALORÓW LECZNICZYCH GMIN UZDROWISKOWYCH
Authors: Dytko Jan
Published: July 2021

Uzdrowisko jest zdefiniowanym obszarem w granicach administracyjnych gmin, zwanych uzdrowiskowymi, w którym występują naturalne właściwości lecznicze surowców i klimatu. To sprawia, że w gminach o takim statusie prowadzone jest lecznictwo uzdrowiskowe oraz rehabilitacja. Istnieją enumeratywnie wymienione zakłady lecznictwa uzdrowiskowego, do których należą: szpitale, sanatoria, przychodnie, zakłady przyrodolecznicze. Właściwości uzdrowiskowe gmin podlegają certyfikacji w formie świadectwa, które wydają uprawnione do tego podmioty. Zyskują one takie prawo w formie decyzji administracyjnej wydawanej przez ministra właściwego do spraw zdrowia, o ile spełniają ustawowe warunki. Ich brak lub utrata powoduje odmowę prawa do certyfikacji lub jego cofnięcie. Decyzje w tych sprawach podlegają weryfikacji w trybie ponownego rozpatrzenia sprawy albo skargi sądowoadministracyjnej. W kwestiach nieunormowanych w ustawie uzdrowiskowej stosuje się przepisy Kodek-su postępowania administracyjnego. Stąd weryfikacja decyzji certyfikacyjnych odbywa się w trybie ponownego rozpatrzenia sprawy, do którego stosuje się odpowiednio przepisy dotyczące odwołań. Skutkiem tego może być: utrzymanie w mocy decyzji, jej uchylenie i orzeczenie co do istoty sprawy, umorzenie postępowania remonstracyjnego wskutek jego bezprzedmiotowości. Zapadłe decyzje w wyniku ponownego rozpatrzenia nabierają waloru ostateczności i podlegają skardze do sądu administracyjnego. Kontroli sądowej mogą być też poddane decyzje nieostateczne, zatem bez uprzedniego wyczerpania drogi ponownego rozpatrzenia sprawy. Odrzucenie lub oddalenie obu rodzajów decyzji czyni je prawomocnymi.
Uma Aproximação para o Problema de Reabastecimento em Conjunto com Capacidades
Authors: Alarcón Miguel Ángel Marfurt , Pedrosa Lehilton Lelis Chaves
Published: July 2021

O Joint Replenishment Problem (JRP) envolve um conjunto de varejistas que enfrentam demandas diárias por um item em um horizonte de planejamento. As demandas são satisfeitas por itens previamente mantidos em estoque e reabastecidos por meio de um pedido conjunto para um depósito de um subconjunto de varejistas. O objetivo é decidir quando fazer os pedidos e quais varejistas serão atendidos em cada pedido, de modo a minimizar os custos totais de entrega e armazenamento. No Tree JRP, a cadeia de fornecimento é representada por uma árvore cujas folhas são os varejistas e o custo de entrega para um subconjunto de varejistas é determinado pelo custo da subárvore minimal que os conecta à raiz. Neste trabalho, iniciamos o estudo da variante em que as entregas possuem capacidade limitada e fornecemos uma 6-aproximação baseada em arredondamento de PL.
Leafy spanning k-forests
Authors: Fernandes Cristina G. , Lintzmayer Carla N. , San Felice Mário César
Published: July 2021

We denote by Maximum Leaf Spanning k-Forest the problem of, given a positive integer k and a graph G with at most k components, finding a spanning forest in G with at most k components and the maximum number of leaves. A leaf in a forest is defined as a vertex of degree at most one. The case k = 1 for connected graphs is known to be NP-hard, and is well studied in the literature, with the best approximation algorithm proposed more than 20 years ago by Solis-Oba. The best known approximation algorithm for Maximum Leaf Spanning k-Forest with a slightly different leaf definition is a 3-approximation based on an approach by Lu and Ravi for the k = 1 case. We extend the algorithm of Solis-Oba to achieve a 2-approximation for Maximum Leaf Spanning k-Forest.
On L(h,k)-labelings of oriented graphs
Authors: Colucci Lucas
Published: July 2021

We compare the behaviour of the $L(h,k)$-number of undirected and oriented graphs in terms of maximum degree, highlighting differences between the two contexts. In particular, we prove that, for every $h$ and $k$, oriented graphs with bounded degree in every block of their underlying graph (for instance, oriented trees and oriented cacti) have bounded $L(h,k)$-number, giving an upper bound on this number which is sharp up to a multiplicative factor $4$.
Metodologia para Implementação do MPS.BR Utilizando o Ambiente WebAPSEE
Authors: Covre Vanderlene , Reis Carla Lima , Favero Eloi Luiz
Published: July 2021

Uma série de iniciativas para melhoria de processo de software surgiu recentemente visando melhorar a qualidade e a produtividade em organizações de desenvolvimento de software. Alguns modelos e normas, tais como os modelos IDEAL e MPS.BR são exemplos dessas iniciativas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia para a implementação do modelo MPS.BR baseada no modelo de implantação IDEAL, através de uma ferramenta específica, chamada WebAPSEE. Atualmente, esta metodologia encontra-se em validação, com resultados parciais, em uma organização de desenvolvimento de software. O artigo apresenta a metodologia e discute seus principais resultados.
Utilização do Ambiente WebAPSEE na implantação do nível G do MPS.BR no CTIC-UFPA
Authors: França Breno B. N. de , Sales Ernani de O. , Reis Carla A. L. , Reis Rodrigo Quites
Published: July 2021

O ambiente WebAPSEE é uma das alternativas atuais para automatizar a gerência de processos de software com objetivo de atender padrões e modelos de qualidade existentes. Este artigo apresenta uma experiência de sucesso na utilização dessa ferramenta na implementação do nível G do MPS.BR no CTIC-UFPA. Os pontos positivos e as oportunidades de melhoria do uso desse ambiente bem como as lições aprendidas nessa experiência são relatados.
Proposta e Avaliação de um Processo para Agrupamento de Solicitações de Manutenções
Authors: Aparecido Gladston J. , Malta Marcelo Nassau , Almeida Humberto Mossri de , Marques-Neto Humberto T. , Valente Marco Túlio
Published: July 2021

O planejamento e gerenciamento da manutenção de software é um problema tanto para usuários quanto para engenheiros de software. O processo que conduz a execução das demandas registradas pelos usuários pode interferir diretamente no custo da manutenção. O presente estudo apresenta o Processo para Agrupamento de Solicitações de Manutenção (PASM), descrevendo suas diretrizes para guiar a priorização, agrupamento e execução de diversos tipos de manutenção de software. O PASM foi aplicado na Divisão de Tecnologia da PUC Minas e entre os benefícios identificados encontram-se o aumento de 18,76% das horas trabalhadas em projetos de manutenção e um declínio de 27,73% nas horas trabalhadas em solicitações urgentes.
Análise da Estrutura e Conteúdo de uma Base de Medidas Visando ao Controle Estatístico de Processos de Software
Authors: Barcellos Monalessa Perini , Santos Gleison , Rocha Ana Regina
Published: July 2021

O alcance da alta maturidade, caracterizada nos níveis A e B do MRMPS e nos níveis 4 e 5 do CMMI, requer a implementação do controle estatístico de processos, que somente pode ser realizado se forem utilizados medidas e dados adequados a esse contexto. No entanto, muitas organizações que iniciam as práticas necessárias à alta maturidade precisam adiar a implementação do controle estatístico de processos devido à inadequação de suas bases de medidas. Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados da análise realizada em uma base de medidas de uma organização de software, visando à futura implementação do controle estatístico de processos.
Práticas do Modelo MPS em Fábricas de Software: um estudo exploratório sobre as percepções dos gerentes de projeto
Authors: Menolli Andre , Belmonte Danillo , Sgarbi Edilson , Malucelli Andreia , Reinehr Sheila
Published: July 2021

As fábricas de software representam uma grande parcela das empresas que desenvolvem software no país. O objetivo do presente artigo é avaliar a expectativa dos gerentes de projetos de empresas do tipo fábricas de software no Brasil em relação à importância das práticas de qualidade de software propostas no modelo MPS. Visa ainda confrontá-las com as práticas e a frequência com que são utilizadas no desenvolvimento de seus projetos. Para tanto foi adaptado o SERVQUAL, o qual é um instrumento para avaliar a qualidade do serviço por meio da análise da expectativa e da percepção em relação ao serviço.
Compreendendo os Mecanismos Utilizados nos Processos de Outsourcing de Software para Administração Pública Municipal
Authors: Almeida Cleber de , Reinehr Sheila , Malucelli Andreia
Published: July 2021

A prática de terceirização de serviços de Tecnologia da Informação incorporou-se ao cotidiano de todos os tipos de organização, quer sejam públicas ou privadas. Este artigo analisa os mecanismos utilizados nos processos de terceirização de software em Órgãos de Administração Pública Municipais. Os estudos de caso foram conduzidos em municípios que compõem a microregião denominada AMCESPAR (Associação dos Municípios da Região Centro Sul do Paraná). Com base nos dados analisados procura-se demonstrar o atual cenário referente aos processos utilizados para contratação de software para apoiar a gestão pública municipal nesta microrregião.
Institucionalização de Processos no Setor de Produção de Software de uma Universidade Federal
Authors: Mendes Fabiana Freitas , Fernandes Patrícia Gomes , Mota Caroline da Cunha , Nunes Rosângela da Silva , Martins Maria Dalva S.
Published: July 2021

A fim de ser bem sucedida, uma iniciativa de melhoria de processos de software envolve a institucionalização de processos que incorporem boas práticas de engenharia de software. O presente trabalho apresenta as dificuldades relacionadas à institucionalização do processo de software do Centro de Recursos Computacionais da Universidade Federal de Goiás, bem como as ações que estão sendo executadas para tratá-las. Mais do que lidar com os processos, foi necessário lidar com a estrutura organizacional e com a distribuição de responsabilidades sobre os sistemas entre os seus colaboradores.
Towards Incremental FSM-based Testing of Software Product Lines
Authors: Capellari Maykon Luís , Gimenes Itana Maria de Souza , Simão Adenilso da Silva , Endo Andre Takeshi
Published: July 2021

Software Product Line (SPL) is an approach which offers several benefits for organizations, such as significant reductions in the development and maintenance costs, reduced time-to-market, and personalized software products. In SPLs, the testing activity presents challenges due to characteristics of their development process. The cost of testing SPL is usually higher than the cost of testing traditional systems. SPLs foster the reuse of artifacts that include requirement specifications, code and models. Among different models used in an SPL, state-based models, such as Finite State Machines, are promising candidates to support the test case generation. Therefore, we propose a strategy to reuse test cases generated for different products of an SPL. Test cases are derived from Finite State Machines representing products instantiated from an SPL. The test cases generated for a product are reused when testing further products instantiated from the same SPL, in order to reduce the size of additional test cases. We illustrate our strategy in a case study using two SPLs of embedded system applications.
Episkey! Plädoyer für einen ausgewogenen Übergang zu Mehrheitsentscheidungen im Rat der Europäischen Union in ausgewählten Politikbereichen
Authors: Hoffmeister Frank
Published: July 2021

Mit dem Vertrag von Lissabon fügten die Mitgliedstaaten zahlreiche „Brückenklauseln“ in das Primärrecht ein, die es dem Europäischen Rat ermöglichen, durch einen einstimmigen Beschluss die Beschlussfassung im Rat von der Einstimmigkeit in die qualifizierte Mehrheit zu überführen. Zwischen September 2018 und April 2019 legte die Europäische Kommission vier Mitteilungen vor, in denen sie anregte, diese Brückenklauseln in den Bereichen Außen-, Sozial-, Steuer- sowie Klima- und Energiepolitik zu nutzen. Der hiesige Beitrag fasst die Überlegungen des Verfassers zusammen, die er dem Europa-Ausschuss des Bundestags als einer von mehreren Sachverständigen vorgetragen hat. Dabei wird jeweils zunächst die Rechtslage skizziert, sodann die Überlegungen der Kommission zusammengefasst und bewertet, um schließlich das Verfahren zu beleuchten und die Bedeutung für die Integrationsverantwortung des Bundestags zu würdigen. Hoffmeister schlägt vor, die qualifizierte Mehrheit im Rat für außenpolitische Rechtsakte im Bereich Menschenrechte und für Sanktionsbeschlüsse nicht jedoch für EU-Zivilmissionen einzuführen. In der Sozialpolitik befürwortet er den Übergang zu Mehrheitsentscheidungen beim Kündigungsschutzrecht und den Beschäftigungsbedingungen für sich legal in der Union aufhaltenden Drittstaatsangehörige. In der Steuerpolitik hält er den Übergang ins ordentliche Gesetzgebungsverfahren für Vorschriften überwiegend steuerlicher Art zum Umwelt- und Klimaschutz für geboten, nicht aber generell für alle indirekten und direkten Steuern.
Die Spürbarkeit bezweckter und bewirkter Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen
Authors: Zorn Asja
Published: July 2021

This work deals with the complex interaction of the key elements of the prohibition on restrictive agreements in European and German competition law. It does not stop at a meta-legal interpretation based on outcome or interests, but develops the foundations of restrictions by object and effect and its appreciability by means of historical and systematic analysis, starting from the teleology of the rules. The consequences for the assessment of different types of agreements are also discussed in detail. It thus provides the user with a sound framework for the application of Art. 101 (1) TFEU and § 1 GWB.
Die Preußische Landesverfassung vom 30. November 1920
Authors: von Kienitz Asta
Published: July 2021

This first contemporary comprehensive portrayal of the Prussian State Constitution from November 30, 1920 provides an encompassing description of the latter. At the same time, Prussia's existence as a democratic free state within the Weimar Republic is illustrated, always including the impact of the Prussia-Reich dualism on the federalism of the Reich. The dissertation outlines the structure and organization of the Prussian Free State and its provinces, presents the organs - the Landtag, the Government and the State Council - and deals with the judiciary, administration and church in the Prussia. Furthermore, the dissertation analyses the influence of the Prussian constitution on the seizure of power by the National Socialists.
Telekommunikationsüberwachung im Strafprozess gegen Verbände?
Authors: Nowak Julia
Published: July 2021

The debate on the criminal law of associations has so far been dominated by questions of substantive law. This paper starts with procedural law and asks about the applicability of procedural norms and principles to the association. The aim is to contribute to the question of the association as a procedural subject. The basic theoretical questions of an association sanctions law and the fundamental procedural position of an association are discussed, especially with regard to the freedom from self-incrimination. On the basis of telecommunications surveillance, the problem areas that the association entails as a possible subject of proceedings are then examined. The author argues for a strong procedural position of the association.
Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism in Coconut
Authors: Xia Wei
Published: July 2021

Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L) is an economically important monocot plant grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Coconut oil is stored in a solid endosperm and has 47.48–50.5% fatty acid component as lauric acid (C12:0). Present research showed that acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases (FatA/B) and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LAAPT) are key enzymes determining medium-chain fatty acid accumulation in coconut oil. Among five CnFatB genes, CnFatB3 expressed specifically in endosperm and in vitro experiment showed that this gene made mainly lauric acid (C12:0) and tetradecenoic acid (C14:1). Overexpression of CnFatB3 in Arabidopsis increased the amounts of C12:0 and C14:0 in transgenic plant. CnLPAAT gene that is expressed specifically in coconut endosperm showed a preference for using acyl-CoAs containing C10:0, C12:0, and C14:0 acyl groups as acyl-donor substrates. Coconut and oil palm are closely related species with approximately 50% lauric acid (C12:0) in their endosperm. The two species have a close evolutionary relationship between predominant gene isoforms and high conservation of gene expression bias in the lipid metabolism pathways. Moreover, since no stable transformation system has been constructed in coconut palm, gene function validations have been done in vitro, or genes transformed into a heterologous system.
Liver Trauma Management
Authors: A. Wiederkehr Henrique , Wiederkehr Julio , A. Wiederkehr Barbara , M. Sarquis Lucas , T. Daronch Oona , Scopel Lucas , V. Zeni João
Published: July 2021

Liver trauma is responsible for the majority of penetrating abdominal trauma and is the third most common injury caused by firearms. Presenting a 20% mortality rate, it is an organ with wide and complex vascularization, receiving blood from the hepatic veins and portal vein, as well as from the hepatic arteries. The diagnosis is not always simple in polytrauma patients and contains a wide range of exams such as computerized tomography and diagnostic peritoneal lavage. Treatment depends mostly on a few factors such as the patient’s hemodynamic stability, the degree of injury according to the AAST classification, the resources available, and the surgeon’s expertise. Considering these factors, minor lesions can be treated mostly with a conservative approach in hemodynamically stable patients. Embolization by arteriography has shown good results in major lesions in clinically stable patients as well. On the other hand, more complex lesions associated with hemodynamically unstable patients may indicate damage control surgery applying techniques such as temporary liver packing and clamping the pedicle to restore the hemodynamic status. This chapter aims to describe those techniques and their indications in liver trauma.
Analysis of Occurrence of Elements in Tissues of the Knee Joint
Authors: Roczniak Wojciech , Babuśka Roczniak Magdalena , Cipora Elżbieta , Brodziak Dopierała Barbara
Published: July 2021

The mineral structure of bones is never static, it is a living structure, reacting and adapting to load and having the ability to remodel. Skeletal cells work continuously to maintain the remodelling process therefore they are in a constant state of dynamic balance both in the sense of composition and structure, and they react to external mechanical forces. The remodelling processes that occur in the bone tissue allow for a proper functioning of this tissue, as well as for inclusion of additional elements, toxic ones included, in the remodelled bone, and they affect the metabolic processes occurring therein. This may result in disturbances in the osteoarticular system, manifested by changes in the bone tissue and within other organs. The influence of tobacco smoking on the content of strontium, lead, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and magnesium has not been confirmed. Non-smokers showed a high iron content in knee joint tissues compared to smokers. There were no statistically significant differences in the content of cadmium, nickel, copper and zinc in women and men in the studied knee joint components. With age, an increase in the content of chromium in knee joint tissues was observed, while gender, place of residence and occupational exposure had no effect.
Neurological Phytotherapy by Indigenous People of Rif, Morocco
Authors: Chaachouay Noureddine , Zidane Lahcen
Published: July 2021

The Rif region has a rich culture of popular medicine use and valuable medicinal plant practices. This study aimed to assess the potential concerning medicinal plants used in the treatment of neurological diseases. An ethnobotanical survey has been carried out in the Rif for two periods from June 2016 to June 2018. To gather information about indigenous medicinal plants, 520 indigenous people of Rif were interviewed. The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and free listening, analyzed, and compared. A total of 42 plant species belonging to 37 genera and 23 families were mentioned to be used for treatment by the informants. Lamiaceae was the most commonly reported family in this study area. The most common ailment treated was epilepsy. The preponderance of the herbal remedies was prepared from infusion (53.4%). Leaf was the commonly used plant part (44.3%) and Marrubium vulgare L. (29.4%) was the species most commonly prescribed by indigenous healers. The results of this investigation revealed that indigenous communities living in the Rif are still reliant on plants to treat neurological diseases. These reported medicinal species can serve as a source for further investigations on these medicinal plant knowledge and future phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies.
The Sugars with the Potential to Prolong Human Life
Authors: Shintani Tomoya , Lema-Perez Laura , Shintani Hideya
Published: July 2021

Sugar is the main source of energy for all cells in the human body. On the other hand, cells can also obtain energy from fats and proteins depending on conditions, although this metabolic process is more difficult and less common in cells. Sugar intake has increased in recent decades and is included in most of our dietary products. However, many studies indicate that sugar intake increases the prevalence of suffering from various harmful health conditions such as obesity. As a consequence, obesity is related to several chronic diseases such as hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus in humans. This is due to an excessive intake of sugars and sedentary lifestyles, causing a deterioration in the organs of our body, and consequently, reducing life expectancy. In this chapter, sugars that both shorten and lengthen life expectancy are presented. The latter are recent options that have emerged in order to continue sweetening our food in a healthier way, and would be new geroprotectors.
Mining Numbers in Text: A Survey
Authors: Yoshida Minoru , Kita Kenji
Published: July 2021

Both words and numerals are tokens found in almost all documents but they have different properties. However, relatively little attention has been paid in numerals found in texts and many systems treated the numbers found in the document in ad-hoc ways, such as regarded them as mere strings in the same way as words, normalized them to zeros, or simply ignored them. Recent growth of natural language processing (NLP) research areas has change this situations and more and more attentions have been paid to the numeracy in documents. In this survey, we provide a quick overview of the history and recent advances of the research of mining such relations between numerals and words found in text data.
Electro-Spinning and Electro-Spraying as Innovative Approaches in Developing of a Suitable Food Vehicle for Polyphenols-Based Functional Ingredients
Authors: Ghorbani Mahmoud , Santos Aleman Ricardo
Published: July 2021

With recent advances in medical and nutrition sciences, functional foods and nutraceuticals fortified with natural polyphenols have received a lot of attention from both health professionals and the common population in the last few years since their chemical structure allows them to exert various health effects (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune, antitumor and prebiotic properties). Nonetheless, there are several hurdles to applications of polyphenols in the food system. The most critical hurdle includes polyphenols’ tendency to lose their anti-oxidative properties or bioactive functionalities during food processing, as well as inclusion of poly-phenol compounds may impart an astringent or bitter taste, or introduce a degree of brown coloring causing serious sensorial impacts on food products. On this basis, interest has increased in understanding the development of new and efficient food vehicles as delivery systems for polyphenols-based functional ingredients. In this context, one approach that could augment the growth of polyphenols-based functional foods is electro-hydrodynamic processing, as the most versatile method to produce nanoscale fibers or particulates suitable for application in food technology by encapsulation to form nanoscale delivery systems.
Piezoelectric Nonlinearity and Hysteresis Arising from Dynamics of Electrically Conducting Domain Walls
Authors: Rojac Tadej
Published: July 2021

Macroscopic nonlinearity and hysteresis observed in the piezoelectric and dielectric responses of ferroelectric materials to external stimuli are commonly attributed to localized displacements of domain walls (DWs). The link between the macroscopic response and microscopic DW dynamics is provided by the well-known Rayleigh relations, extensively used to quantify the electrical and electromechanical behavior of ferroelectric ceramics and thin films under subswitching conditions. In this chapter, I will present an intriguing case where DWs exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity with respect to the bulk conductivity. By combining experimental data and modeling, it will be shown that the local conductivity, related to accumulation of charged points defect at DWs, does not only affect DW dynamics through DW-defect pinning interactions, as we may expect, but goes beyond it by affecting the macroscopic nonlinearity and hysteresis in a more complex manner. The major characteristics and implications of the underlying nonlinear Maxwell-Wagner piezoelectric relaxation, triggered by the presence and dynamics of conducting DWs, will be presented, reviewed and discussed in the framework of systematic multiscale analyses on BiFeO3 ceramics. The result may have implications in the development of promising BiFeO3-based compositions for high-temperature piezoelectric applications.
Bitter Melon: A Multifunctional Medicinal Plant with Powerful Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Eryılmaz Pehlivan Fadime
Published: July 2021

Nature is full of poisons as well as life-saving entities. Extracts of natural products in medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine throughout the World. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a member of Cucurbitaceae family, widely distributed in tropical regions of the World, that has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and its fruit has been used as a vegetable for thousands of years. It contains phytochemicals, flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins, ascorbic acid, steroids, proteins, and polysaccharides. This plant is a traditional herbal medicine, possesses various biological, medicinal activities and pharmacological functions, namely antidiabetic, anthelmintic, contraceptive, antimalarial, laxative, antihyperglycemic, antimutagenic, antiulcer, antilipolytic, antifertility, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of M. charantia have been reported. Its fruit has a special bitter taste, parts of M. charantia, such as fruits, vines, leaves and even roots have been used as folk medicine for the remedy of diseases like toothache, diarrhea, and diabetes. It is also used for the treatment of eczema, gout, jaundice, pneumonia, psoriasis, and rheumatism. These beneficial effects are attributed to the various bioactive components of M. charantia, which are important sources of phytoconstituents used to treat various diseases since ancient times. This chapter reviews various aspects of the results of investigations involving M. charantia in the recent years, providing a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical application of M. charantia to attract more attention to their biological activities for better utilization of M. charantia; focusing on the review of benefits that bitter melon offers in terms of its potential as a source of bioactive compounds and its role in the control of different diseases.
Assertions and Their Function
Authors: Tebben Nicholas ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

I argue that the norms of assertion are engendered by the function of assertions, and that the function of assertions is, roughly, to facilitate the transmission of information from those who have it to those who need it. Assertions can play this role if they are governed by two norms. One norm is deontic in nature, and specifies the conditions under which a speaker may issue an assertion. I argue that the deontic norm permits A to issue an assertion to B if and only if: (1) doing so would improve B’s epistemic position with regards to the proposition thus conveyed, and (2) the proposition conveyed is justified (for A) in a way, and to a degree, appropriate to the purposes for which B is likely to use it. The other is not deontic; it says what it is for an assertion to be good, qua assertion. This is a truth norm. Assertions ought to be true, in that an assertion is good, qua assertion, when it is true.
The function of the chronotope of school in the contemporary novel for children
Authors: Soleša Biljana
Published: July 2021

Starting from Mikhail Bakhtin's and Yuri Lotman's theoretical postulates of space in an art work, the paper investigates the chronotope of school in the contemporary Serbian novel for children. The introductory part of the paper presents a review of prevailing attitudes of literary theoreticians towards space in prose works. In the central part of the paper the chronotope is seen as a meeting place for diverse populations and the initiator of the plot. The function of the prom was pointed out. The final part gives a review of the fabular, summary and chronotopic features of the novel. The corpus of investigation consists of the following novels: Miroslava Mihajlov Cerović's Schoolyard, Vladan Zec's The diary of one staff room, Boško Lomović's The theft of a mobile phone in class 7 B and Dragutin Beg's A party in school and Milutin Đuričković's: Twins and Friday the 13th.
Comparative analysis of public agencies in Croatia and Sweden
Authors: Škorić Milica
Published: July 2021

Although public agencies have existed for several decades, in Serbia, they are new forms of government bodies. The aspiration to modernize the public administration and harmonize it with modern trends can be an opportunity to see the stages of development and models of control and autonomy of the agency from the decades-long development of Swedish public agencies. The example of Croatia will show the potential of the former socialist state for such reforms and how important reforms are on the road to the European Union in the XXI century. Through the analysis of relevant literature and a comparative method, there are presented the reforms of public agencies being implemented in selected countries since their first appearance till nowadays. This paper focuses on the process of creation and development of public agencies in Sweden and Croatia, as members of the European Union, whose development of a public administration differs significantly, all in order to answer the questions: How much do public agencies contribute to decentralization? Are these bodies necessary for the approach and accession to the EU?
Exploring ideas in our senses Kant's faculty of imagination explored in Ungers 'City metaphors'
Authors: Weigt Andrea
Published: July 2021

Senses and ideas, how do they meet? The connection of the sensory realm and pure reason is found in Immanuel Kant's philosophy, particularly in his theory of the faculty of imagination. This paper examines his ideas concerning this capacity, especially his notion of the free play. With examples of the creative processes of architects I will demonstrate that the free play between the capacity of imagination and cognition alters our perception. In that state of perception ideas arise from the sensory input. Oswald M. Ungers has expounded on the idea giving life to his creations in his publication City Metaphors, which is a focal reference for this paper. In the interpretation of the author City Metaphors can display this altered state of perception profoundly if they are connected to Kant's theories and his understanding of the imagination. The "City Methaphors" can even be seen as an exploration of the faculty of imagination entering into the realm of free play. In my conclusion I will use designs of Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto to illustrate the potential of the faculty of imagination in the examples of concrete design processes.
Phenomenological ways for rethinking architecture
Authors: Danani Carla
Published: July 2021

Returning to a long and fruitful anthropological tradition, which has flourished from phenomenological-hermeneutical thought, I propose an understanding of the human being as "bodily conscience" or "embodied conscience". Unlike objects, human beings have a relationship with space which is intrinsic to their existence. My aim is to delve deeper into the meaning of this "human dwelling" with special reference to the questions of building and projecting. Places are not mere contexts, mere backgrounds where events and activities take place, but rather they play an active role in the building of relationships, groups, imagination, and self-awareness.
A flaneur in Turin: The perception of space in the works of Friedrich Nietzsche and Walter Benjamin
Authors: Rauch Theresa
Published: July 2021

This essay attempts to differentiate three different kinds of spatial-atmospheric experience on the basis of the theories by Hermann Schmitz and Robert Vischer. Furthermore, it connects these methods to the figure of the flaneur in Walter Benjamin's Passages as well as in the late Turin diaries of Friedrich Nietzsche. These two concepts of the flaneur can be seen as antithetic. For Walter Benjamin city strolling is a means of intellectual stimulation, focusing on impulses from the urban landscape that are then interwoven in associative, oscillating streams of thought, often commenting on the city stroller as an actor in a capitalist society. In contrast, Friedrich Nietzsches experience of architectural space can be seen as a full synthesis of inner life and outer experience, thought and motion intertwine, facilitating a new creative disposition and state of mind.
Problems of aggression in authoritarian leadership in large groups: Psychoanalytic and group-analytic view
Authors: Veljković Jasna
Published: July 2021

Man is a being of a group that spends most of his life in groups distinguished by leadership, structure, type and organization. The human individual moves in the range between opposite tendencies: to belong to a group and be "invisible" in it or to be visible and become a leader. In this paper, our goal is theoretical research of the problems of sociodynamics and psychodynamics of aggression in large groups depending on the type of leadership. Research methods are: psychoanalytic and group-analytic methods. Our findings are that the occurrence of aggression in large groups is inevitable, but types and manifestations of aggression in large groups differ significantly, depending on the type of leadership in a large group (democratic or authoritarian), group cohesion, establishment or non-establishment of group identity and selection of group members.
Factors predicting compliance with the official COVID 19 health guidelines
Authors: Milošević-Đorđević Jasna , Kljajić Duško , Đurić Živojin
Published: July 2021

Although the development of vaccines against COVID-19 may mark the rounding of the corner in the pandemic, several issues are delaying our exit out of it. The majority of people seem to be concerned about the vaccines and unwilling to take them, while also not being responsible enough when it comes to the rest of the guidelines. In this paper, we wanted to examine the levels of support for different official guidelines, as well as the reasons behind their rejection. In the representative study (N=1198) of Serbian adults (aged 18+) conducted in September 2020 we found that most people do comply with guidelines such as hand washing and mask-wearing, but do not want to be vaccinated. We also found that conspiracy beliefs, trust in science and institutions, and health risk perception all play an important role in predicting guidelines compliance along with vaccination intentions. Path analysis confirmed that conspiracy belief indirectly predicts health guidance compliance, lowering health risk perception and trust in science and institutions.
Additive manufacturing (3D printing) in technical fashion industry applications
Authors: Di̇lek Ezgi , Yildirim Muhammed , Uzun Muhammet
Published: July 2021

With the development of recent technologies, novel design strategies possibilities increase day by day. 3D printing technologies, which are also known as the additive manufacturing, are announced as the technology of today as well as the future. The aim of this study is to review current literature in terms of the types of 3D printers, the raw materials, the manufacturing processes, and design examples. It is also aimed to highlight some of the well-known brands and designers in the fashion industry which employed the 3D printers to develop their fashionable structures. The main advantage of the 3D printing technologies is to ease of the creating own design without needing help. Everyone can now be their own designer and manufacturer with this technology, thanks to 3D printers, and in a few hours, they can produce the product anywhere within the preferred color and model.
Analysis of the first autochthonous subculture in fashion history: Antimode style of "Incroyables" and "Marveilleuses"
Authors: Kertakova Marija , Jordeva Sonja , Efremov Jordan
Published: July 2021

This scientific article is devoted to an extremely intriguing topic, so relevant among connoisseurs of fashion history and fashion costume (but not enough among ordinary fashion lovers) and is of great benefit to today's science, fashion and fashion industry, as it relates to the question of how socio-political events can greatly influence the construction of a completely new costume, radically different from the conventional one. One of the main goals of this scientific work is to reconsider and critically analyze the costumes of the most rebellious young people who lived in the late XVIII century. The so-called "Incroyables" and "Merveilleuses" emerged as the first autochthonous subculture in the history of fashion, contributing to fashion through the characteristic elements and variations of men's and women's costumes, thus defining a completely new social ideal of beauty, embodied and expressed with the help of fashionable women's and men's suits from this period. On the other hand, thanks to the knowledge and study of this new way and method of structuring the costume, the horizon is born in which it becomes clear how the new young people appeared after the second half of the 20th century, and the designers of the new age cleverly use accumulated historical material in their creative practice and embody the same in a way so characteristic of the spirit of the time. Due to the fact that fashion has various manifestations, I have also used cross-cultural research methods -attracting certain parts of sociology and structural and systematic analysis..
The content of trace elements in the urban soil of Šabac and ecological risk assessment
Authors: Antonijević-Nikolić Mirjana , Đuričić-Milanković Jelena , Nikolić Đorđe , Stanojević Dušan
Published: July 2021

This study deals with the assessment of trace elements pollution of urban soil in Šabac. A total of 32 samples of the surface layer of soil (up to 10 cm deep) were collected from the locations of three city parks in the urban zone. Pseudototal concentrations of seven elements: copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), cadmijum (Cd) and chrome (Cr) were determined in the samples after aqua regia digestion, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The abundance of elements in the analyzed soil samples was: Mn >> Pb> Cr> Ni> Cu> Co> Cd. The conducted correlation analysis showed good correlation of the pairs of Cu - Pb, Cu - Cd and Pb - Cd elements, while the cluster analysis singled out two main groups of elements. The first group included Pb, Cd, and Cu, indicating that these elements originated from anthropogenic sources, while the remaining elements were probably of geogenic origin. Based on the obtained results, the assessment of the level of soil contamination with trace elements was performed, as well as the assessment of the ecological risk. Mean values of contamination factors indicate that the soil from all three examined sites is contaminated with Pb and Cd. The Cd has the higher individual potential ecological risk then the other elements.
Influence of non-metallic inclusions on the destruction of mechanically loaded steel products
Authors: Myronova Olga , Goryany Vyacheslav
Published: July 2021

The paper describes in detail the reasons for the cracking of steel products, despite the fact that all the conditions of mechanical loading were met - the working stresses were much less than the maximum tensile stress of the applied type of steel. Deep metallographic analysis, as well as stress analysis show that the main cause is the formation of non-metallic inclusions in the material of the product, which essentially change its mechanical characteristic.