bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ezekiel 10:2—Sprinkle Not Scatter
Authors: Goldingay John
Published: March 2023

This short note argues that the phrase וּזְרֹק עַל־הָעִיר in Ezek 10:2 denotes “sprinkle [fire] over the city” as an act of purification rather than “scatter [fire] over the city” as an act of judgment.
The Impacts of Teachings of a Neo-Prophetic Church on Adolescents’ Well-being and Character Development
Authors: Yendork Joana Salifu
Published: March 2023

Neo-Prophetic churches in Ghana are the fastest growing churches and have been highly criticised, but little is known about their teachings and potential impacts on adolescent congregants. The present study explored the content and impacts of the teachings of a Neo-Prophetic church on the well-being and character development of adolescent congregants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 adolescents aged between thirteen to nineteen years in a Neo-Prophetic church in Accra, Ghana. Following thematic analysis, the findings suggest that although the Neo-Prophetic church’s teachings have positive content that equipped adolescents with virtues, survival and leadership skills, and support for career development, there are negative elements that may cause adolescents to develop depression and low self-esteem, lack of reasoning and discernment skills, and potentially negative attitudes toward women. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Non-Christian Service on the Public Stage: Artisans, Musicians, and the Implications of Ethno-Religious Difference in Late-Medieval Iberia
Authors: Barton Thomas W.
Published: March 2023

This article examines the public service roles performed by Muslims and Jews for municipal governments within late-medieval Iberia through the analysis of a largely unexamined body of municipal records from the city of Tortosa in comparison with a diversity of other cases. The assessment of various contractual public works projects of different sizes conducted by ethno-religiously mixed and homogeneous artisans and laborers serves to contextualize the primary focus of the study: the activity of salaried and contractual Muslim musicians, who played and sounded their instruments with their Christian counterparts in support of diverse events throughout the year, decade after decade, all at the direction of the city’s governing Christian elites. This survey of public service by non-Christians provides a means to evaluate and make recommendations regarding the methodologies and models utilized by scholars to conceptualize and analyze premodern interfaith interaction within the context of Christian hegemony.
The Power and Value of Strategic Nonviolent Action
Authors: Zunes Stephen
Published: March 2023

Recent decades have underscored the power of strategic nonviolent action, even in the most challenging of circumstances. The majority of transitions to democracy have been due to civil society groups engaged in nonviolent resistance, data from political scientists has demonstrated it being far more effective than armed struggle, coups have been reversed, and foreign occupations have been weakened, thereby challenging the rationale for armed liberation struggles. Similarly, problems with “humanitarian intervention” have raised questions regarding the need for “the responsibility to protect” through military means. The traditional rationales for militarism are therefore becoming harder and harder to defend. This provides an opening for those of us in the field to disseminate information about the history and dynamics of unarmed civil resistance. Regardless of whether one embraces pacifism as a personal principle, it is critical to understand and teach about nonviolent alternatives.
Two new species of Coccophagus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from China
Authors: ZHANG LAN-WEI , HU HONG-YING , ZHANG YAN-ZHOU
Published: March 2023

The malthusi group of Coccophagus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) is characterized by a densely setose mesoscutellum with the posterior apical pair of setae distinctly longer than others. In the present paper, two new species of the malthusi group are described from China: Coccophagus infuscatus sp. nov. and Coccophagus bandus sp. nov., both reared from species of Coccidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha). The type specimens are housed in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS), Beijing, China.
Impact of Zonal and Meridional Atmospheric Flow on Surface Climate and Extremes in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Boschat Ghyslaine , Purich Ariaan , Rudeva Irina , Arblaster Julie
Published: March 2023

The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) describes the annular or zonal component of the large-scale atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) extratropics and influences surface climate across the SH. Although this annular flow is dominant in austral summer, in other seasons considerable zonal asymmetries are evident, reflecting a zonal wave 3 (ZW3) pattern. We define an index representing asymmetric flow using the first two leading modes of meridional wind variability in the SH. Two orthogonal ZW3 indices are used together to capture longitudinal shifts in the wave train and their connection to tropical convection. We compare the impacts of the SAM and ZW3 on surface climate by examining composites of temperature and precipitation fields during each season. Impacts on mean and extreme surface climates are assessed. We find that the SAM and ZW3 are not clearly separated modes, but rather, ZW3 modulates the impact of the SAM across the midlatitudes. The SAM influence on regional temperature and precipitation is similar for both mean impacts and extremes. The ZW3 influence on extremes is more varied across indices and does not always reflect the ZW3 impact on mean fields. Notably, amplified ZW3 activity has a significant influence on the number of midlatitude fronts and frontal rainfall, highlighting the importance of considering ZW3 when exploring the surface climate impacts of large-scale SH circulation states, particularly for nonsummer seasons.

Significance Statement

Variations in the strength and position of the midlatitude westerly winds have a strong influence on surface climates. While these winds are predominantly zonally symmetric in the Southern Hemisphere, few studies to date have explored the role of the asymmetric component of this circulation, particularly for seasons outside of summer. By defining two new indices of meridional circulation, this study reveals new important impacts on temperature, rainfall, and the likelihood of extreme climates in regions of southern Australia and South America, and sea ice regions around Antarctica. These findings question the validity of considering only zonal-mean winds for climate studies of the Southern Hemisphere and have important implications for the seasonal forecasting and predictability of extreme climate events in the near future.
Hybrid Dynamical–Statistical Forecasts of the Risk of Rainfall in Southeast Asia Dependent on Equatorial Waves
Authors: Ferrett Samantha , Methven John , Woolnough Steven J. , Yang Gui-Ying , Holloway Christopher E. , Wolf Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Equatorial waves are a major driver of widespread convection in Southeast Asia and the tropics more widely, a region in which accurate heavy rainfall forecasts are still a challenge. Conditioning rainfall over land on local equatorial wave phases finds that heavy rainfall can be between 2 and 4 times more likely to occur in Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, and the Philippines. Equatorial waves are identified in a global numerical weather prediction ensemble forecast [Met Office Global and Regional Ensemble Prediction System (MOGREPS-G)]. Skill in the ensemble forecast of wave activity is highly dependent on region and time of year, although generally forecasts of equatorial Rossby waves and westward-moving mixed Rossby–gravity waves are substantially more skillful than for the eastward-moving Kelvin wave. The observed statistical relationship between wave phases and rainfall is combined with ensemble forecasts of dynamical wave fields to construct hybrid dynamical–statistical forecasts of rainfall probability using a Bayesian approach. The Brier skill score is used to assess the skill of forecasts of rainfall probability. Skill in the hybrid forecasts can exceed that of probabilistic rainfall forecasts taken directly from MOGREPS-G and can be linked to both the skill in forecasts of wave activity and the relationship between equatorial waves and heavy rainfall in the relevant region. The results show that there is potential for improvements of forecasts of high-impact weather using this method as forecasts of large-scale waves improve.
The spatial implications of academic achievement in Year 12: Rethinking discourses of disadvantage in rural locations
Authors: Dean Jenny , Roberts Philip , Downes Natalie , Goldsmith Ada
Published: March 2023

Rurality is an identified point of disadvantage in measures such as the Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage (ICSEA) and school resourcing models. However, socioeconomic disadvantage is commonly used as an explanation for lower average student achievement in rural locations. Thus, policies are often directed towards reducing disadvantage associated with socioeconomic status, and rurality is overlooked. This research tests the validity of these assumptions using a matched study approach. We examine data on New South Wales (NSW) students, schools and courses to investigate how the English and Mathematics achievement levels of students in their final year of secondary school are associated with family and school characteristics across locations. The findings show that socioeconomic variation does not fully account for differences in achievement in rural locations. Instead, rurality appears to mediate other effects on student achievement in a complex interplay of factors contributing to lower average results. This highlights the need to consider the specificities of rurality in schooling, particularly the role of rural knowledges and perspectives in schooling and student achievement.
Inequality and Entrepreneurial Agency: How Social Class Origins Affect Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy
Authors: Brändle Leif , Kuckertz Andreas
Published: March 2023

Entrepreneurial agency—the individual power to change environments—is central to entrepreneurship research. Yet, from a social inequality perspective, beliefs in an entrepreneurial agency might differ based on the social class environments individuals are born into. Drawing on social cognitive theories, our findings across three data sets among students from Germany and entrepreneurs from the United States indicate that social class origins are associated with entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) beliefs in adulthood. Exploring the underlying mechanisms, we find that students’ early entrepreneurial experiences in education and practice are indicative of reproducing the class gap in ESE. When individuals collect mastery experiences such as social mobility or entrepreneurial success, their lower social class origins turn out to be associated with enhanced entrepreneurial agency beliefs. We discuss the implications for further research on social class, inequality, and entrepreneurship.
Fighting depopulation in Europe by analyzing the financial risks of local governments
Authors: Navarro-Galera Andrés , Buendía-Carrillo Dionisio , Gómez-Miranda María Elena , Lara-Rubio Juan
Published: March 2023

Throughout Europe, one of the main problems facing policymakers is that of falling rural populations. In many cases, this is aggravated by high levels of local government borrowing. Although researchers have sought to determine the causes of this debt, much remains to be known about the factors influencing the default risk of small- and medium-sized towns, information that would help them formulate policies to combat the loss of population. The aim of our study is to identify factors relevant to this default risk. We analyzed demographic, socioeconomic, and financial factors in a sample of 6456 Spanish local governments by their population size. Our findings show that financial policies applied to reduce this risk should vary according to the population size, as certain factors exert a specific influence on smaller municipalities. Nevertheless, socioeconomic and financial variables have more impact on default risk than demographic factors. Our findings are novel and useful for all concerned in combating the depopulation of rural areas in Europe, owing to the relevance of conclusions for the design of public policies based on the sustainability of public services in small municipalities.

Points for practitioners

The measurement of the default risk in local governments reveals very relevant information for the design of public policies against depopulation. Socioeconomic and financial variables have more impact on default risk than demographic factors. The evolution of the measurement of default risk reveals that policies against depopulation must be defined based on the size of the municipalities. The influencing factors on the default risk are interesting to decide if finance government investments through loans that allow the repopulation of small municipalities.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Content Generator Technology for Young English-as-a-Foreign-Language Learners’ Reading Enjoyment
Authors: Lee Jang Ho , Shin Dongkwang , Noh Wonjun
Published: March 2023

Artificial intelligence has recently seen tremendous growth, and been applied to several fields, including the second-language domain. In this article, we share an innovative practice based on one of potential artificial intelligence technologies for second-language teaching and learning – artificial intelligence-based content generator, which generates texts based on user’s keywords. In total, 121 young English-as-a-foreign-language learners participated in the study, with half of them having engaged in the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity, and the other half having received traditional English-as-a-foreign-language reading instruction. We examined the extent to which the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity could influence the participants’ foreign language enjoyment and interests in reading English books, and the participants were given the survey addressing these variables, prior to and after the innovative practice. It was found that the condition based on the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity was more effective in terms of enhancing the target variables, and that the group which engaged in the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity was largely in favor of artificial intelligence-based content generator technology. Pedagogical implications for employing this technology in second-language contexts are provided.
Comparative analysis of polyimide and aramid fabrics as arc protective materials
Authors: Ma Chang , Duan Xiongying , Yue Pengcheng , Tang Muhan , Liao Minfu
Published: March 2023

Arc explosion accidents in live working seriously threaten the safety of power workers. At present, the mainstream arc protective clothing material is aramid and blends of aramid. However, aramid will produce toxic gas under high temperature combustion, which is harmful to the health of operators. Therefore, it is a special challenge to study fabrics that are friendly to the human body and have a highly protective performance to protect electrical workers. Polyimide is nontoxic and has excellent high temperature resistance, flame retardation, and mechanical properties. In this paper, polyimide was proposed to be used as an arc protective clothing material. In order to explore the feasibility of polyimide in the field of arc protection, molecular dynamics simulation was used to compare the heat resistance of polyimide and aramid in terms of bond order and glass transition temperature. Referring to ASTM F1959 and IEC 61482-1-1, an arc test apparatus was built to test the protective properties of materials. The protection failure mechanism was analyzed by comparing the safety protective performance of polyimide and aramid fabric under the arc. It was found that polyimide has better arc thermal protective performance and break open threshold. The simulation and test results show that polyimide can be used as a material for arc protective clothing to improve protective performance.
On the Strength of Trust: The Moderating Role of Certainty in Judgments of Authorities
Authors: Song Hwanseok
Published: March 2023

Communication studies often measure trust in or credibility of message sources as if their effects on critical consequences such as behavior are uniform across individuals and contexts. Drawing on the literature of attitude strength, this paper argues that considering the certainty of trust judgments enables researchers to better understand when trust is likely to induce desired behavior such as cooperating with a judged authority. Using two studies in different contexts, one from a local environmental dispute and another from the national-level COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S., the current paper shows that communication practices (e.g., personal interaction, news media use, interpersonal discussion) reinforce people’s certainty in their judgment of authorities. This certainty, in turn, interacts with the effect of trust such that trust judgments greater in certainty are more likely to lead to behavioral intentions.
The Role of Social Support in Disarming the Effects of Racial Microaggressions
Authors: Manohar Uttara , Kline Susan L.
Published: March 2023

Racial microaggressions are a significant source of stress for people of color. This study identified two support message features for disarming the effects of racial microaggressions and tested reasons for their effectiveness. In a between-groups design, Black/African Americans ( n = 387), and Asian Americans ( n = 374) evaluated a support message crafted by a friend in response to one of six racial microaggressions. Participants perceived high person-centered, racial identity-affirming, and combination support messages as more effective and collective self-esteem enhancing than low quality message versions. Person-centered emotional support and combination messages were partly related to enhanced collective self-esteem through cognitive reappraisal and reattribution, while racial identity affirmation message quality was partly related to enhanced collective self-esteem through reattribution. Conditional process analyses determined that indirect effects were not contingent on participants’ race. Practical and theoretical implications of studying support messages to address racial microaggressions are discussed.
The European Minimum Wage Directive – and why it is a challenge to trade unions’ but not employers’ unity
Authors: Dingeldey Irene , Nussbaum Bitran Ilana
Published: March 2023

The proposal of a European minimum wage directive by the European Commission was supposed to improve working conditions. This article asks why such an initiative created a challenge to the unity of unions, but not of employers’ associations at transnational level. The authors provide a network analysis of the communication structure of social partners. Applying Scharpf’s concepts of positive and negative integration and Hirschman’s typology of exit, voice and loyalty, the authors use qualitative methods to show how employers stayed loyal and united towards negative integration, while different voices arose within the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) leading to the temporary ‘exit’ of the Swedish Trade Union Confederation.
Developing feedback skills in preservice music teachers
Authors: Blackwell Jennifer , Matherne Nicholas
Published: March 2023

Feedback is an important component of learning, and is an essential skill to develop in teacher education. However, research on feedback in music teaching and learning has not yet explored the process of learning to give feedback in music teaching settings. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of preservice music teachers learning to give feedback in instrumental music contexts. Participants ( N = 11) were enrolled in a woodwind methods course designed for K-12 group music teaching settings in the United States, in which they learned techniques for teaching and performing woodwind instruments, and extensive class time was used to develop skills in providing feedback on performance. Using interviews, researcher journals, student reflections, and observations of feedback activities, this research explored how students make sense of their experiences in learning to give and receive appropriate educational feedback. Findings included enriched understanding of feedback, the importance of rapport in the feedback process, the importance of expertise and issues of trust, and changes in preservice teacher’s perceptions of effective feedback over time. We suggest that deliberate, scaffolded, and prolonged development of feedback skills helps preservice teachers to develop confidence and competency in the art of feedback.
When an A Is NOT an A in Academic Research, or How A-Journal List Metrics Inhibit Exploratory Behaviour in Academia
Authors: Agafonow Alejandro , Perez Marybel
Published: March 2023

On account of the leverage that the Academy of Management (AOM) has, via its positioning in the highest tiers of the A-journal lists currently used to adjudicate promotions and tenure evaluations, it is urgent to assess the premises and assumptions upon which the so-called pluralist model of scholarly impact, advocated by academics with executive responsibilities in the AOM, is built. Our findings are that the pluralist model is liable to three crucial problems: ecological bias, specific knowledge and pre-emptive costs. Consistent with extant performance evaluation scholarship, promotions and tenure evaluations must build instead on: (a) a qualitative evaluation of scholarly contributions unencumbered by ordinality assumptions; (b) the narrowing of the span of control of academics, moving supervisory authority away from the line structure and back into the hands of true peers; and (c) muting the incentives that prevent academics from focusing on riskier and long-term horizon outputs, which are pillars in agreement with known accounts of how exploratory behaviour has been successfully managed at IBM, Google, the SAS Institute and Nokia, to name but a few cases.

JEL Codes: 123, O31
Systematic review of the methodological quality of patient-reported outcome measure for patients with chronic ankle instability
Authors: Cervera-Garvi Pablo , Marchena-Rodriguez Ana , Lopezosa-Reca Eva , Diaz-Miguel Salvador , Ortega-Avila Ana Belen
Published: March 2023

Objetive

Chronic ankle instability is generally associated with ankle sprain. Its consequences can be measured by means of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The aim of this review is to identify the PROMs specifically available for chronic ankle instability and to evaluate their methodological quality and that of the cross-cultural adaptations made.

Data Sources

Papers were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, with no time limit applied, based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) type of participants: patients with chronic ankle instability, over 18 years of age; (2)type of study: those specifically focused on this pathology, using PROMs specific to chronic ankle instability and published in English; (3) type of outcome: measurement properties based on COSMIN criteria in patient-reported outcomes associated with chronic ankle instability.

Methods

This systematic review, following the COSMIN checklist, was conducted to determine the methodological quality of PROMs specific to foot and ankle pathologies, for patients presenting chronic ankle instability.

Results

Of the 576 studies identified in the initial search, 34 were included in the final analysis of measurement properties. Four – the Ankle Instability Instrument, the Chronic Ankle Instability Scale, the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool and the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability – were original questionnaires, and the remaining 30 were cross-cultural adaptations.

Conclusion

The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool and the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability questionnaires can be useful instruments for evaluating chronic ankle instability, both in patients with this condition and also in non-pathological patients.
Psychometric Properties of the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale-Short Form in a Norwegian Early Childhood Education and Care Context
Authors: Stensen Kenneth , Lydersen Stian , Ranøyen Ingunn , Klöckner Christian A. , Buøen Elisabet S. , Lekhal Ratib , Drugli May Britt
Published: March 2023

The Student-Teacher Relationship Scale-Short Form (STRS-SF) is one of the most frequently used instruments globally to measure professional caregivers’ perceptions of the relationship quality with a specific child. However, its psychometric properties for children younger than 3 years of age enrolled in early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers are largely unknown. Thus, this study aimed to investigate and evaluate the factorial validity of the STRS-SF and measurement invariance across children’s gender and age by combining two large Norwegian community samples ( N = 2900), covering the full age range of children enrolled in ECEC (1–6 years olds). Our findings indicate promising psychometric properties for the STRS-SF; thus, its applicability is supported for both younger and older children indiscriminate of their gender. However, some caution is advised when comparing latent means between older and younger ECEC children because professional caregivers interpret the STRS-SF differently based on children’s age.
Intraoral Formation of a Rigid Obturator for the Treatment of Dental Fistulae and Draining Tracts in the Horse
Authors: Hunt Jessica , Rice Molly , Henry Travis
Published: March 2023

A retrospective cohort study to describe a novel use of a mechanically retained, rigid obturator (RO) to manage maxillary and mandibular persistent pathologic oral communications (PPOCs). This study included 22 horses with PPOC with at least 6 months of follow-up after treatment with a RO. The RO was made with a flowable, bis-acryl-based composite resin. Medical records were analyzed, including case details, obtained imaging, surgical reports, and follow-up information. There were 10 horses that had follow-up examinations by the authors and 8 horses by the referring veterinarian; in 4 horses, follow-up information was obtained by informal telephone interviews with the owner. Complete resolution of clinical signs was obtained in 21 of 22 (95.5%) horses, with confirmed healing of the PPOC in 15 of 22 (68.2%) horses. Complications were noted in 7 of 22 (31.8%) cases. Complications included: complete loss of RO (2 horses), fracture/defect of the RO (2 horses), displaced/shifted RO (1 horse), and incomplete seal of the PPOC (2 horses). All complications were resolved by repairing or replacing the RO. The RO placement is a successful, noninvasive, easily repeatable treatment for PPOC.
An assembly tightness recognition method for bolted connection states with singular-value entropy and GA least-squares support vector machine
Authors: Zhang Chao , Sun Qingchao , Sun Wei , Yuan Bo
Published: March 2023

The bolted connections are widely used in high-end equipment such as aerospace and energy fields. However, when the equipment is assembled, the assembly tightness of bolted connection structure is easily affected by friction and manual experience, resulting in inconsistent preload. It will affect the dynamic performance of equipment, resulting in abnormal vibration or failure of equipment. Currently, the existing assembly tightness testing methods mainly focus on whether the bolts are loose, ignoring the impact of assembly tightness on the vibration of the whole machine. This paper proposes an assembly tightness recognition method for bolted connection states based on modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition (MEEMD) and genetic algorithm least squares support vector machine (GALSSVM). Firstly, an ultrasonic pre-tightening force test system is used for multi-bolt pre-tightening force calibration and precise control, and subsequently, accurate vibration signal samples are collected. The feature extraction of multi-bolt connection states is carried out based on MEEMD. Secondly, a quantitative evaluation index of assembly tightness, singular-value entropy, is proposed. Finally, experimental verification is performed. Multiple sets of different preloads case experiments are designed to verify the identification accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The results show that with the bolted connection structure from loose to tight, the singular-value entropy of the quantitative index decreases monotonically. It provides some theoretical references for improving the reliability of high-end equipment and the evaluation of assembly performance.
Influence of Perceived Media Support on Negative Experiences of LGBTQ+ Individuals
Authors: Shabahang Reza , Brewer Mick B. , Aruguete Mara S. , Shim Hyejin , Ghaemi Zahra , Chirani Benyamin Mokhtari
Published: March 2023

Few studies have scrutinized the use of popular media as a practical tool for reducing homophobia and providing services for LGBTQ+ people. This survey study sought to gauge the association of LGBTQ+ individuals’ subjective judgment that social support is available through media (Perceived Media Support; PMS) with their identity and psychological status. We turn to Cultivation Theory and the Parasocial Contact Hypothesis as guiding frameworks to develop the Perceived Media Support Inventory (PMSI), capturing the emotional, instrumental, informational and esteem support that LGBTQ+ individuals perceive from popular media. We collected data from 200 self-identified participants in Iran. Factor and item analyses verified the robustness of the PSMI. PMS was revealed as associated with identity certainty in gays, lesbians and transgender people, identity affirmation in bisexuals, decreased acceptance concerns in transgender people, reduced anxiety in gays, and elevated resilience to stressful circumstances in LGBTQ+s. Besides, surprisingly, PMS was linked to several ramifications, such as identity uncertainty in bisexuals, identity superiority and concealment motivation in gays, internalized homonegativity in transgender people, difficult orientation/identity development process in gays, anxiety in LGBTQ+s in general, a feeling of psychological distance from the community in lesbians and feeling of hatred toward the community in gays. Findings suggest that perceived media support has positive and negative psychological consequences on Iranian LGBTQ+ people, leading us to theorize the dialectics of cultivated media support.
Live Discharge of Hospice Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wladkowski Stephanie P , Wallace Cara L , Coccia Kathryn , Hyde Rebecca C , Hinyard Leslie , Washington Karla T
Published: March 2023

Background: Hospice is intended to promote the comfort and quality of life of dying patients and their families. When patients are discharged from hospice prior to death (ie, experience a “live discharge”), care continuity is disrupted. This systematic review summarizes the growing body of evidence on live discharge among hospice patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias (ADRD), a clinical subpopulation that disproportionately experiences this often burdensome care transition. Methods: Researchers conducted a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Reviewers searched AgeLine, APA PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL Plus with Full Text, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (Core Collection). Reviewers extracted data and synthesized findings from 9 records, which reported findings from 10 individual studies. Results: The reviewed studies, which were generally of high quality, consistently identified diagnosis of ADRD as a risk factor for live discharge from hospice. The relationship between race and live hospice discharge was less clear and likely dependent upon the type of discharge under investigation and other (eg, systemic-level) factors. Research on patient and family experiences underscored the extent to which live hospice discharge can be distressing, confusing, and associated with numerous losses. Conclusion: Research specific to live discharge among ADRD patients and their families is limited. Synthesis across included studies points to the importance for future research to differentiate between types of live discharge—revocation vsversus decertification—as these are vastly different experiences in choice and circumstances.
Arms Risk: The Role of Female Political Representation
Authors: DiRienzo Cassandra E. , Das Jayoti
Published: March 2023

There are approximately one billion small arms and light weapons (SALW)—rifles, pistols, and light machine guns—circulating throughout the globe, many of which are in the “wrong hands” meaning that they are in the possession of criminals, terrorists, and/or extremists. We hypothesize that greater female political representation has both a direct and an indirect effect on arms risk, or the risk that SALW fall into the “wrong hands.” We contend that greater female political representation directly reduces arms risk as female politicians are more likely to support SALW regulation. Further, greater female political representation indirectly effects arms risk by mitigating conditions necessary for the illicit trade of SALW. Using a causal mediation analysis and a cross-country dataset, we offer empirical evidence that greater female political representation has both a direct and indirect effect in reducing a country's arms risk.
“A lot of people ignore our culture when it comes to waste management”: examining the impacts of culture on solid waste management in two Canadian First Nations
Authors: Assuah Anderson
Published: March 2023

Municipal solid waste management approaches in Canadian First Nations have not considered the culture of communities. However, First Nations’ way of life is ingrained in their culture. This research examined whether the culture of First Nations impacts municipal solid waste management. A qualitative case study of Peguis First Nation, Manitoba, and Heiltsuk Nation, British Columbia, was conducted, involving 52 semi-structured interviews. Results revealed that avoiding waste, taking care of one another, protecting the land, respecting the land, and connection to the land were cultural factors that influenced participants’ municipal solid waste management efforts. Nonetheless, participants indicated that applying these cultural factors to municipal solid waste is not widespread because of culture loss; hence, programs that improve the understanding of culture and highlight the importance of cultural beliefs, values, and teachings in managing waste should be developed. The research concludes that cultural solutions need to be pursued to complement other solutions that aim to improve municipal solid waste management.
Contextualizing capitalism in academia: How capitalist and feudalist organizing principles reinforce each other at Polish universities
Authors: Jensen Tommy , Zawadzki Michał
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we show how capitalism and feudalism reinforce each other to enable the former’s success in the higher education context. In this regard, Polish universities are an interesting case due to Poland’s capitalist shock therapy in the 1990s, its Western European membership in the European Union in the 2000s and due to recent reforms intended to modernize Polish academia. Based on 36 interviews with Polish early career academics from urban universities with experience working in watchdogs of higher education, we examine respondents’ perspectives on the current capitalist reforms. They treat ongoing changes as a solution for the problems experienced and defined as “feudal”: political labeling, abuse of power and discrimination against women. Understanding capitalism and feudalism through their organizing principles, the main contribution of this study is that it demonstrates how capitalist organizing principles fix existing feudalist organizing principles to flourish in Polish university. Hence, it is difficult for early career academics to recognize that capitalist organizing principles are in fact reinforcing rather than eliminating (as the advocates of capitalist reforms often claim) feudal problems in Polish academia.
An updated review of indoor pollutant purification by solar photocatalytic ventilation wall: Materials, modelling and performance evaluation
Authors: Cai Yang , He Jian-Wei , Huang Xiao-Yan , Zhao Fu-Yun
Published: March 2023

Solar photocatalysis has been an efficient option to eliminate indoor volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) due to its relatively low cost. Moreover, solar ventilation wall is a common heating and ventilating technology that supplies air circulation in a room and expels polluted air under the action of wind pressure. An efficient air purification type ventilation wall that meets indoor pollutant purification, natural ventilation and thermal fully driven by the combination of solar photocatalytic purification technology and natural ventilation wall has been developed by previous research. The aim of this updated review is to explore the development of the solar photocatalytic ventilation wall (SPVW) system and critically analyze the scientific literature on photocatalysts, models, mechanism, parameter analysis and evaluation of this multifunctional system. The review also included the effects of parameters such as initial concentrations of pollutants, ultraviolet (UV) light intensity, relative humidity, channel width, channel height on the solar photocatalytic characteristics and natural ventilation performance, and a brief performance evaluation on natural ventilation, indoor heating and solar photocatalytic degradation. The governing analysis reveals that the daily stability of the SPVW system could be achieved by enhancing the activity of the photocatalyst and decreasing fluctuation of light source in the external input.
Three decades of the framing perspective on social movements: Changing trends and continuities
Authors: Barranco Oriol , Parcerisa Lluís
Published: March 2023

This article reviews the development of the framing perspective on social movements since its emergence over three decades ago. The review led to three conclusions. During this period, the impact of the perspective has increased, its conceptual development has continued, and the types of the studies have shown major changes and continuities. For example, the initial predominance of descriptive and static studies has changed with the development of a significant number of explanatory studies on both framing and frame transformations, as well as on the consequences of their characteristics for the social movement. However, studies on frame structure or the emotions they evoke are still rare.
High serum Bhlhe40 levels are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Hui , Xiang Qun-Yan , Li Shuang , Liu You-Shuo
Published: March 2023

Background

Our previous studies have shown that the basic helix-loop-helix family member e40 (Bhlhe40) plays a critical role in regulating calcification and senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by high glucose. In this study, we determined the association between serum Bhlhe40 levels and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

247 patients with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study between June 2021 and July 2022. The presence of subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by carotid ultrasonography. Serum Bhlhe40 concentrations were measured with an ELISA kit.

Results

Serum Bhlhe40 levels were remarkably higher in the subclinical atherosclerosis group than in the subjects without subclinical atherosclerosis ( p < 0.001). Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between serum Bhlhe40 and carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) ( r = 0.155, p = 0.015). The optimal threshold of serum Bhlhe40 > 5.67 ng/mL had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.709 ( p < 0.001). In addition, serum Bhlhe40 levels were associated with the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis (OR: 1.790, 95% CI: 1.414–2.266, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Serum Bhlhe40 levels were significantly higher in T2DM subjects with subclinical atherosclerosis and positively associated with C-IMT.
Experiences and perceptions of receiving and prescribing rehabilitation in adults with cystic fibrosis undergoing lung transplantation
Authors: Wickerson Lisa , Grewal Rajan , Singer Lianne G , Chaparro Cecilia
Published: March 2023

Background

Rehabilitation is prescribed to optimize fitness before lung transplantation (LTx) and facilitate post-transplant recovery. Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) may experience unique health issues that impact participation.

Methods

Patient and healthcare provider semi-structured interviews were administered to explore perceptions and experiences of rehabilitation before and after LTx in adults with CF. Interviews were analyzed via inductive thematic analysis.

Results

Eleven participants were interviewed between February and October 2021 (five patients, median 28 (IQR 27–29) years, one awaiting re-LTx, four following first or second LTx) and six healthcare providers. Rehabilitation was delivered both in-person and virtually using a remote monitoring App. Six key themes emerged: (i) structured exercise benefits both physical and mental health, (ii) CF-specific physiological impairments were a large barrier, (iii) supportive in-person or virtual relationships facilitated participation, (iv) CF-specific evidence and resources are needed, (v) tele-rehabilitation experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in preferences for a hybrid model and (vi) virtual platforms and clinical workflows require further optimization. There was good engagement with remote data entry alongside satisfaction with virtual support.

Conclusions

Structured rehabilitation provided multiple benefits and a hybrid model was preferred going forward. Future optimization of tele-rehabilitation processes and increased evidence to support exercise along the continuum of CF care are needed.
Breaking the CoDE of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy
Authors: Widdess-Walsh Peter
Published: March 2023

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Development of a Remote Version of the Graded Redefined Assessment of Strength, Sensation, and Prehension (GRASSP): Validity and Reliability
Authors: Voss Stephanie , Adighibe Andrea , Sanders Emily , Aaby David , Kravitt Rachel , Clark Gina , Breen Kelly , Barry Alexander , Forrest Gail F. , Kirshblum Steve C. , Perez Monica A. , Kalsi-Ryan Sukhvinder , Kocherginsky Masha , Rymer William Zev , Sandhu Milap S.
Published: March 2023

Background

The Graded Redefined Assessment of Strength, Sensation, and Prehension (GRASSP V1.0) was developed in 2010 as a 3-domain assessment for upper extremity function after tetraplegia (domains: Strength, Sensibility, and Prehension). A remote version (rGRASSP) was created in response to the growing needs of the field of Telemedicine.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of rGRASSP, establishing concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability.

Methods

Individuals with tetraplegia (n = 61) completed 2 visits: 1 in-person and 1 remote. The first visit was completed in-person to administer the GRASSP, and the second visit was conducted remotely to administer the rGRASSP. The rGRASSP was scored both by the administrator of the rGRASSP (Examiner 1), and a second assessor (Examiner 2) to establish inter-rater reliability. Agreement between the in-person and remote GRASSP evaluations was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman agreement plots.

Results

The remote GRASSP demonstrated excellent concurrent validity with the GRASSP (left hand intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = .96, right ICC = .96). Concurrent validity for the domains was excellent for strength (left ICC = .96, right ICC = .95), prehension ability (left ICC = .94, right ICC = .95), and prehension performance (left ICC = .92, right ICC = .93), and moderate for sensibility (left ICC = .59, right ICC = .68). Inter-rater reliability for rGRASSP total score was high (ICC = .99), and remained high for all 4 domains. Bland–Altman plots and limits of agreements support these findings.

Conclusions

The rGRASSP shows strong concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability, providing a psychometrically sound remote assessment for the upper extremity in individuals with tetraplegia.
Association between basilar artery stenosis features, vertebral artery stenosis and perforator stroke after stenting
Authors: Huang Rui , Yang Bo , Gao Feng , Mo Dapeng , Yang Ming , Hou Zhikai , Liu Yifan , Cui Rongrong , Kang Kaijiang , Gu Weibin , He Jianfeng , Lou Xin , Miao Zhongrong , Ma Ning
Published: March 2023

Background and Purpose

We investigated the relationship between basilar artery (BA) atherosclerotic stenosis features and vertebral artery (VA) stenosis and explored whether BA stenosis features are associated with perforator stroke after stenting.

Methods

Patients with BA stenosis who underwent HRMRI and DSA were recruited. Patients were divided into proximal BA stenosis and middle-or-distal BA stenosis groups, and then subgroup analyses were performed based on whether they had VA stenosis. BA plaque features were evaluated by HRMRI. Artery stenosis was measured by DSA. The incidence of perforator stroke after BA stenting was recorded, and the potential association between BA stenosis features and perforator stroke was analyzed.

Results

One hundred and seventy-four patients were consecutively enrolled. Patients with proximal BA stenosis had a higher proportion of severe stenosis than those with middle-or-distal BA stenosis ( P = 0.027). In the subgroup analysis, this difference mainly existed in patients complicated with VA stenosis ( P = 0.023). Patients with proximal BA stenosis had a higher proportion of strong plaque enhancement than those with middle-or-distal BA stenosis ( P < 0.001), especially in those with vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) stenosis ( P < 0.001). Perforator stroke after BA stenting occurred in five patients, of whom four had lateral wall BA plaques, four had plaque enhancement and four had proximal BA stenosis.

Conclusion

Patients with proximal BA stenosis had a higher proportion of severe stenosis and strong plaque enhancement, particularly in patients complicated with VA stenosis and VBJ stenosis. Perforator stroke after BA stenting may be related to distribution, burden and characteristics of BA lesions.