bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of oriented strand board from alkali-washed bamboo strands after steam treatment
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Iqbal , Murda Rio Ardiansyah , Purusatama Byantara Darsan , Sari Rita Kartika , Nawawi Deded Sarip , Nikmatin Siti , Hidayat Wahyu , Lee Seung Hwan , Febrianto Fauzi , Kim Nam Hun
Published: June 2021

Effects of alkali washing were determined after steam treatment of Betung bamboo strands relative to the properties of the bamboo oriented strand boards (BOSBs). The strands were subjected to steam treatment at 126 °C for 1 h under 0.14 MPa of pressure, followed by washing with sodium hydroxide solution at concentrations ranging from 1% to 5% for 30 s. Three-layer BOSBs were manufactured with a target density of approximately 0.7 g/cm3 using 8% phenol formaldehyde resin with the addition of 1% wax. The shelling ratio of the BOSBs was set to be 1:1:1. The physical and mechanical properties increased significantly with the alkali washing treatment at concentrations from 1% to 3%, and the greatest properties were obtained by washing at 3% alkali concentration. However, the washing treatment at concentrations of 4% and 5% reduced the physical and mechanical properties of the BOSBs.
Utility of Inflammatory Markers in Hospitalized Children With Skin Erythema
Authors: Harper Beth D. , Marcus Carolyn H. , Burke Natalie , Kawai Kosuke , Mansbach Jonathan M.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:

There is overlap in the clinical presentations of superficial skin infections (eg, cellulitis) and deeper infections (eg, osteomyelitis). Inflammatory markers are frequently obtained in hospitalized patients with cellulitis. However, it is unknown whether inflammatory markers discriminate between superficial and deeper infections.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective review of children hospitalized with erythema on the skin and diagnoses of cellulitis, bursitis, myositis, osteomyelitis, and/or tenosynovitis. Patients were grouped into superficial infection (cellulitis and bursitis) and deeper infection (myositis, tenosynovitis, osteomyelitis). We compared C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values between the two groups and constructed receiver operating characteristic curves to determine optimal cutoff values.

RESULTS:

Among 168 children hospitalized with skin erythema, 122 patients had superficial and 46 patients had deeper infections. Mean CRP and ESR were significantly higher in patients with deeper infections (CRP: 8.3 [±9.6] mg/dL versus 2.8 [±3.5] mg/dL; P < .001; ESR: 48.3 [±28.6] mm/h versus 21.8 [±16.0] mm/h; P < .001). Neither WBC nor fever was significantly different between groups. CRP ≥2 mg/dL and ESR ≥30 mm/h were associated with deeper infections (CRP: odds ratio: 4.77; 95% confidence interval: 2.24–10.15; ESR: odds ratio: 7.93; 95% confidence interval: 3.46–17.67). When CRP and ESR were below these cutoffs, the negative predictive value was 89%.

CONCLUSIONS:

Among patients presenting with skin erythema, CRP ≥2 mg/dL and ESR ≥30 mm/hr were significantly associated with deeper infection, whereas values below these cutoffs were reassuring against deeper infection. Future study of inflammatory markers in skin and soft tissue infections may help develop tailored testing strategies.
Lipid Intake and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants
Authors: Ottolini Katherine M. , Andescavage Nickie , Limperopoulos Catherine
Published: June 2021

Preterm infants are born before the critical period of lipid accretion and brain development that occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. Dietary lipids serve as an important source of energy and are involved in complex processes that are essential for normal central nervous system development. In addition to traditional neurodevelopmental testing, novel quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are now available to evaluate the impact of nutritional interventions on early preterm brain development. Trials of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation have yielded inconsistent effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes and quantitative MRI findings. Recent studies using quantitative MRI suggest a positive impact of early lipid intake on brain volumes and white matter microstructural organization by term-equivalent age.
Effect of the oxidation state and morphology of SnOx-based electrocatalysts on the CO2 reduction reaction
Authors: Puppin Lara G. , da Silva Luís F. , Carmo Marcelo , Varela Hamilton , Lopes Osmando F.
Published: June 2021

CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an attractive strategy for closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle and storing intermittent renewable energy. Tin-based electrocatalysts exhibit remarkable properties for reducing CO2 into HCOOH. However, the effects of morphology and oxidation state of tin-based electrocatalysts on the performance of CO2 reduction have not been well-described. We evaluate the oxidation state and particle size of SnOx for CO2 reduction. SnOx was effective for converting CO2 into formic acid, reaching a maximum selectivity of 69%. The SnO exhibited high activity for CO2RR compared to SnO2 electrocatalysts. A pre-reduction step of a SnO2 electrocatalyst increased its CO2 reduction performance, confirming that Sn2+ is more active than Sn4+ sites. The microsized SnO2 is more effective for converting CO2 into formic acid than nanosized SnO2, likely due to the impurities of nanosized SnO2. We illuminated the role played by both SnOx particle size and oxidation state on CO2RR performance.

Graphic abstract
Has COVID-19 promoted or discouraged a European Public Sphere? Comparative analysis of the Twitter interactions of German, French, Italian and Spanish MEPSs during the pandemic
Authors: Tuñón-Navarro Jorge , Carral-Vilar Uxía
Published: June 2021

This comparative research analyses the political discussion through social media of the top list German, French, Italian and Spanish Members of the European Parliament during COVID-19 crisis times. Through content analysis, the article focuses on Twitter behaviours during a pandemic crisis period (March 23 to April 23, 2020). The study that analyses up to 14 (first listed MEPs) Twitter accounts and a total N of 2101 tweets looks at clarifying if the COVID-19 pandemic has promoted or discouraged the growth of a European Public Sphere. The results show that audience involvement depended on certain online conducts of the MEP rather than on his or her constant activity. Those behaviours produced as well that the COVID-19 debate was mostly restricted to the political elite, who neither allow European civil society to take part in the discussion or communicate to the general public with the aim of shaping a European Public Sphere.
Stolen innocence? Observance of the EU Directive on presumption of innocence by Spanish crime reporting
Authors: Seoane-Pérez Francisco , Valera-Ordaz Lidia
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the compliance of Spanish crime reporting with the principles of the 2016 EU Directive on presumption of innocence, which aims at preventing the publication of information that might bias the public and the jurors against the suspect. A content analysis applied to a sample of 200 crime news stories published by eleven of the most popular print and online news platforms in 2018 reveals that the Spanish press coverage of crime is centered around the pre-trial and sentence stages, with little attention to the oral trial. The full name and the face portrait of the suspect appear in roughly one-third of the stories, but this overwhelmingly happens in news stories reporting on the court’s decision, so that the presumption of innocence is generally protected. Interestingly, the legacy media are more likely to report on the victim’s full name and the crime details that online digital media. One-fourth of the stories include accusations of guilt, as prosecutor attorneys and other officials are more frequently cited than defense lawyers. Although the Spanish press is largely compliant with the recommendations of the EU Directive, the lack of attention to the oral phase, where the arguments of both parts are deployed and contrasted, leads to a bias in the coverage against the suspect.
Enemy at the (house) gates: permanence of gender discrimination in public relations career promotion in Latin America
Authors: Moreno Ángeles , Khalil Nadia , Tench Ralph
Published: June 2021

This study develops models capable of finding empirical relations between social factors in practitioners’ private lives, that is to say, extra-organizational or external factors to the work environment that affect the career promotion of female professionals in public relations. The aim is to analyse some gender issues at a global level by exploring the Latin American subcontinent, where there is an accepted lack of knowledge. With that purpose, the focus is on the public relations practitioners’ care responsibilities (such as living with children or dependents) and if these responsibilities influence their opportunities for career development in Latin American countries. Quantitative data from 803 Latin American practitioners representing 18 countries were analysed through predictive multivariable analysis with data mining techniques, using hierarchical decision trees. The applied statistical method is valid to explain some of the extra-organizational factors that affect female career promotion in public relations and can be used for other studies. Results empirically found that family dependency and caring responsibilities affect the career opportunities of women, and that family responsibilities do not affect men’s chances to career promotion. Therefore, the predictive analysis statistically proves that gender can be a determinant factor for career promotion in these circumstances.
Soundtrack Music Videos: The Use of Music Videos as a Tool for Promoting Films
Authors: Selva-Ruiz David , Fénix-Pina Desirée
Published: June 2021

The soundtrack music video is an audiovisual format used by the cultural industries of film and music as a commercial communication tool, since it is based on a song from the soundtrack of a film, so that both the artist that performs the song and the film itself obtain promotional benefits. This paper conceptualizes this poorly studied phenomenon of cross-promotion connecting the music and film industries and uses a content analysis of 119 music videos produced over a period of 33 years in order to study the importance of the artist and the movie in the video, the various strategies developed in order to accomplish its double promotional mission, and the specific formal and strategic features of this audiovisual format. Analysis reveals that the soundtrack music video has the distinctive feature of including promotional elements both for the musical artist and for the movie. Although the artist tends to be more prominent, the vast majority of music videos include images from the film or use various ways of integrating the artist’s identity with the film’s iconography or narrative. Anyway, it is a phenomenon characterized by diversity, with the common pattern of the dual promotional objective, but with different ways of implementing that pattern.
Friends or just fans? Parasocial relationships in online television fiction communities
Authors: Lacalle Charo , Gómez-Morales Beatriz , Narvaiza Sara
Published: June 2021

This paper explores parasocial phenomena on social media pages related to Spanish television fiction by analysing the development of parasociality through relationships established between users and characters and the characteristics of this type of online community. The sample consisted of 4,762 spontaneous comments posted on social media pages (1,598 on Facebook and 3,164 on Twitter) linked to television series. Comments published between 1 January 2018 and 31 May 2020 were compiled the day after the premiere of each fiction. Our findings confirm those of previous researchs on the similarity between parasocial relationships with fictional characters and relationships in real life. This study also substantiates that women’s comments show a greater tendency to draw associations between parasocial relationships and daily life. We also find a link between programme longevity and audience success on the one hand, and the intensity of parasocial relationships with the characters on the other. The relationships among community members reveal a degree of narcissism, prompting more self-disclosure than interaction with the rest of the users. Therefore, such relationships are closer to consociality (Kozinets, 2015) than parasociality, although significant differences concerning gender identity are also found in this context.
Crónica de Derecho Canónico 2020
Authors: Sedano Joaquín
Published: June 2021

Se da noticia de los principales documentos y actos jurídicos dados en el año 2020 por el Romano Pontífice y los distintos dicasterios de la curia romana, así como de los acuerdos internacionales suscritos por la Santa Sede. También se hace referencia a la actividad canónica en el ámbito de la Conferencia Episcopal Española.
The use of resilience engineering tools for fault propagation mitigation in sociotechnical systems
Authors: Volken Felipe Gilberto Bratti , Rosário Claudio Roberto do
Published: June 2021

Purpose – To demonstrate an application of resilience engineering, aiming to improve productivity and quality by decreasing variability and fault propagation in the production functions of a sociotechnical system, the object of the study, in an asphalt concrete production plant.Design/methodology/approach – The approach used was the functional resonance analysis method, where experts in sociotechnical systems were interviewed, eliciting their knowledge on the aspects of interaction between production functions. The elicited knowledge was entered into FRAM Model Visualizer 0.4.1 software, which presents a graphical map of the system and allows the number of couplings (NC) to be analyzed.Findings – The analysis of the NCs highlighted that the laboratory control, burner, drum dryer, and baghouse functions showed a high potential for variability absorption, while the PLC control system and laboratory control functions have a high potential for fault propagation. Both groups were examined and measured explored within the scope of resilience engineering that enhance their roles in mitigating resilience within the system.Originality/value – The replication of the resilience engineering discussed in this article enables gains in productivity and quality in sociotechnical systems for the same segment; the application of the functional resonance analysis methodology demonstrated can benefit further studies on productive systems with interaction between people and technology.Keywords - Resilience engineering, productive systems, sociotechnical systems, FRAM.
The Impact of Cost Strategy Policies on Company Performance in the Construction Industry in Brazil
Authors: Cavalcanti Nathalie da Silva , Romano Cezar Augusto
Published: June 2021

Purpose– This article aims to assess the influence of cost strategy policies on the performance of sole traders, small and medium-sized companies in the civil construction sector in Curitiba and the Metropolitan Region (southern Brazil).Design/methodology/approach– Using a questionnaire, the survey collected data from 95 companies. The data has been analyzed based on descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis using discriminant analysis.Findings– Results showed that a lack of a strategic process is more evident in companies classified as low to medium performance companies. Only 36% of companies are positioned for only one of the positioning strategies. The cost strategy variable, which had the greatest impact on performance, was the policy with “greater simplification/standardization of products/services” compared to the other variables analyzed in the study.Originality/value– Results imply that most companies do not have a strategic position and that it is possible to obtain better performance through strategic management, encouraging the development of this perspective in companies in the sector.Keywords - Construction Industry; Strategy; Strategic management; Cost strategy; Survey.
Morphological characterization and molecular identification of Colletotrichum species associated to sweet persimmon anthracnose in Southern Brazil
Authors: Andrioli Joel , Scariot Fernando Joel , Delamare Ana Paula Longaray , Echeverrigaray Sergio
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: The highlands of Southern Brazil contribute with 40% of Brazilian persimmon production. Although expanding, persimmon production faces major problems caused by anthracnose disease (black spot), including fruit rot and necrosis of leaves. Several Colletotrichum species (C. horii, C. gloeosporioides, among others) are implicated in persimmon anthracnose around the world. To identify Colletotrichum species associated with persimmon anthracnose in the highlands of Southern Brazil, 34 isolates were analyzed by ITS-rDNA partial region, GAPDH, and TUB2 partial gene sequences, morphological characteristics, and virulence on persimmon fruits and leaves. Data showed a high prevalence of C. horii (85.3%), that associated with its high virulence on fruits and leaves, confirm a considerable degree of host preference. Moreover, other species C. aenigma, C. asianum, C. fructicola, and C. nymphaeae, were identified, but the last three ones exhibited low virulence on fruits and were not able to produce symptoms on leaves. As far as we know this is the first reference on C. asianum in persimmon. The present data may contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of anthracnose in sweet persimmon in Southern Brazil, and it will be useful for epidemiological studies and the development of disease management measures.
Effectiveness of agricultural extension’s farmer field schools (FFS) in Pakistan: the case of citrus growers of Punjab province
Authors: Imam Muhammad Fakhar , Wan Wenkai , Khan Nasir Abbas , Raza Muhammad Hammad , Khan Muhammad Awais Ali , Yaseen Muhammad
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: Citrus is one of the major exported fruits of Pakistan. Especially Kinnow cultivar is famous across the globe because of its aroma and taste. The overall production of citrus is reported as half of the potential because of the non-adoption of research-based practices and lack of agricultural extension services and training of the citrus growers. In the last few years, the department of agricultural extension has started training programs called Farmer Field Schools (FFS) for citrus growers in the major citrus growing zone of the Punjab province, i.e., Sargodha region. This research was conducted in the Sargodha district to evaluate the knowledge and skills gained by the farmers from the FFS. The interview schedule was designed for the purpose of data collection. The data was collected from 120 farmers randomly selected from 15 FFS in the study area. All the respondents were participants of the FFS. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The Results of the study showed that 40% of the farmers learned about citrus verities, one-third of respondents learned about the management of new plants/orchards, 28% of the respondents got knowledge about the cultivation of fruits, and one-fourth of respondents acquired knowledge and skills about layout and management of citrus orchards. These findings conclude that training course has a positive influence on farmers’ farm management skills; hence emphasize on its persistence and further improvement by the concerned authorities.
Tall and short-sized elephant grass genotypes: morphophysiological aspects cut-and-carry, and grazing management
Authors: Silva Pedro Henrique Ferreira da , Sales Tafnes Bernardo , Lemos Maikon Figueredo , Silva Maria da Conceição , Ribeiro Robson Elpidio Pereira , Santos Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos , Mello Alexandre Carneiro Leão de , Cunha Márcio Vieira da
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: Elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum schum.) has been grown only in cut-and-carry systems for a long time. However, interest in its grazing management has been increasing because of the selection of short-sized genotypes, which have gained new relevance since 1988 with the registration of ‘mott’ grass. in this sense, tall and short-sized genotypes present important differences in morphology, quality and productivity; although, environmental factors also exert influence on these aspects. This review aimed to approach how the elephant grass size can influence the morphophysiological characteristics, management decisions, and exploitation of this species. the morphophysiological aspects and the elephant grass sizes are important to direct their utilization in the different production systems. The research results from previous decades suggest that the particularities of the tall-sized genotypes, such as great forage accumulation, high organic reserves content, and stem elongation, favor their management in cut-and-carry systems and industrial sectors. Conversely, the short-sized elephant grass genotypes present aspects as higher leaf proportion in the harvested forage, leaf/stem ratio, and tillering. these factors facilitate their exploitation in grazing systems.
Evolution of neonatal mortality by preventable causes over the past ten years in Espírito Santo State
Authors: Baptista Glícia Chierici , Poton Wanêssa Lacerda
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: analyze neonatal mortality causes, highlighting the pteventable ones from 2008 to 2017, in Espírito Santo State and health regions. Methods: ecological study of temporal series on neonatal mortality using data from Mortality Information System and from Live Birth Information System. The death causes were classified based on the List of Avoidable Causes of Deaths due to Interventions of the Brazilian Health System. The temporal tendency was analyzed using linear regression. Results: the neonatal mortality rate reduced, approximately 5%, with a reduction of almost 27% in the late neonatal component. Approximately, 70% of neonatal deaths were preventable, with a higher frequency of reducible causes by adequate care at pregnancy, childbirth and to the newborn. The reduction was significant for adequate care for pregnant women in Espírito Santo and in Metropolitan Region and due to adequate care to the newborn in the South Region. Conclusions: the main causes of neonatal deaths were due inadequate care for women during pregnancy, at childbirth and to the newborn, despite the reduction in neonatal mortality over the past 10 years. This study may contribute to the planning of health policies to improve care for pregnant women, parturient and to the newborn.
Vertically transmitted infections and extrauterine growth restriction in preterm neonates: a new risk factor
Authors: Vieira Verônica Cheles , Lima Raquel Cristina Gomes , Queiroz Daiane Borges , Medeiros Danielle Souto de
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the association between Vertically Transmitted Infections (VTI) and Extrauterine Growth Restriction (EUGR) among premature infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Methods: part of a large non-concurrent cohort study with medical records analysis. We evaluated EUGR in premature infants at a gestational age at birth of > 32 weeks and <36 weeks and presented a corrected gestational age of 36 completed weeks during a 27-day birth follow-up. Premature infants with major congenital anomalies were excluded. We analyzed associations among EUGR, VTI and covariables related to maternal disease, birth characteristics, perinatal morbidities and clinical practices. Results: out of the 91 premature infants, 59.3% (CI95%=48.9-69.0%) developed EUGR. VTI were observed in 4.4%o of the population; all premature infants affected by VTI had EUGR. The VTI found were syphilis, cytomegalovirus disease and toxoplasmosis. The final analysis has showed a positive association between VTI and EUGR (RR=1.57; CI95%o=1.07-2.30); the female covariables (RR=1.50; CI95%=1.11-2.02), moderate premature classification (RR=1.41; CI95%=1.06-1.87) and small for gestational age (RR=2.69; CI95% 1.853.90) have also influenced this outcome. Conclusion: this study revealed VTI as an important morbidity factor, with impact on the increased risk of EUGR between premature infants affected by these diseases.
Factors associated with breastfeeding in the first year of life in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre
Authors: Rodrigues Marcielle J , Mazzucchetti Lalucha , Mosquera Paola Soledad , Cardoso Marly A
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the factors associated with continued breastfeeding (BF). Methods: All the parturients at a local maternity from July 2015 to June 2016 were invited to participate in a cohort study in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre. Data on socioeconomic, demographic, obstetric and neonatal of the babies were obtained for the interview. Multiple Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: among the 1551 mothers contacted, 305 lived in the rural area, leaving 1,246 eligible mothers living in urban area. For the 1-year cohort follow-up, 74 non-twin babies were assessed. Most of the mothers reported to have mixed skin color (79%), are over 21 years old (72°%o), more than 10 years of schooling (72%>) and with unpaying job (54%). The children’s age ranged from 10 to 15 months. The frequency of continued breastfeeding was 69,4%> (95%oCI=66.0-72.6). The factors negatively associated with continued breastfeeding were the use of bottle feeding (PR=1.44; CI95%> =1,33-1.56) and pacifier (PR=2.54; CI95%> =1.98-3.27), after adjusting for maternal age and socioeconomic variables. Conclusion: the frequency of continued breastfeeding in Cruzeiro do Sul was higher than the national estimates, but below the WHO recommendations for breastfeeding up to two years of age.
Maternal insecurity in breastfeeding women served at a human milk bank
Authors: Simas Waleska Lima Alves , Penha Jaiza Sousa , Soares Liane Batista da Cruz , Rabêlo Poliana Pereira Costa , Oliveira Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de , Pinheiro Feliciana Santos
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to verify the prevalence and factors associated with maternal insecurity in breastfeeding with lactating women treated at a milk bank. Methods: cross-sectional study with secondary record data from January 2017 to December 2018 at the Human Milk Bank of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão. Results: a total of 891 lactating women were analyzed, of which 23.4% had maternal insecurity, being the second most prevalent complication. Most were young adults, married (68%), with complete higher education (64.9%) and family income above five minimum wages (32.5%). Regarding the obstetric history, the highest frequency was ofprimigravida (63.7%o), primiparous (70%), who had had seven or more prenatal appointments (91 %) in private health services (76.5%) where most births also occurred (78.6%), with cesarean section being the most prevalent mode of delivery (86.5%), 47.2% reported never having received guidance on breastfeeding and 80.7% were breastfeeding for the first time. There was a statistically significant relationship (p-value < 0.05) of maternal insecurity with the place where the prenatal care was performed and the place and mode of delivery. Conclusion: maternal insecurity was the second most prevalent breast complication among lactating women in the service. It stands out the need for adequate guidance and counseling on the subject, especially during prenatal care, contributing to avoid early weaning
Divinization, pilgrimage, and social inequality: experiences of women in the access to obstetric assistance
Authors: Belém Jameson Moreira , Pereira Emanuelly Vieira , Cruz Rachel de Sá Barreto Luna Callou , Quirino Glauberto da Silva
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to understand the experiences of women from Brazilian northeastern semi-arid in accessing obstetric care. Methods: qualitative research conducted by the methodological framework of ethnonursing, carried out with 13 key informants in a public maternity hospital located in the Cariri region of Ceará in the Brazilian Northeast semiarid. The Observation-Participation-Reflection enablers was adopted for data collection, with observations recorded in a field diary and individual interviews, such as "tell me about". The immersion process in the field lasted five months. The empirical material was submitted to procedures of the data analysis guide for ethno-nursing. Results: from the patterns that emerged empirically, three cultural themes became evident: "It has to be delivered in the hands of God": discursive constructions about prenatal care; "We stay in this endless coming and going": antepartum pilgrimage; "If I were rich, I wouldn't be here": attention received in accessing maternity. Conclusions: in the cultural scenario analyzed, women were inserted in the context of clinical and social weaknesses, violation of rights and dignity, resorting to divine designs in the face of difficulties in accessing obstetric services and pilgrimage to guarantee consultations, exams, and hospitalization for childbirth.
Bebida fermentada probiótica de extrato de arroz: uma alternativa alimentar aos intolerantes à lactose e aos alérgicos às proteínas do leite bovino e da soja
Authors: Brandão Henry Charles Albert David Naidoo Terroso de Mendonça , Brandão William Arthur Philip Louis Naidoo Terroso de Mendonça , Mendonça Saraspathy Naidoo Terroso Gama de , Felsner Maria Lurdes
Published: June 2021

Resumo Consumidores têm demonstrado mais atenção à qualidade e à funcionalidade dos alimentos consumidos em razão do aumento da incidência de doenças inflamatórias intestinais, cardiovasculares, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus II, obesidade, cânceres, principalmente aquelas relacionadas à intolerância à lactose e à alergia às proteínas do leite bovino e da soja. Neste estudo, de forma inédita, foram elaboradas e caracterizadas bebidas probióticas à base de extrato de arroz. As bebidas fermentadas com extrato de arroz (BA) foram desenvolvidas com a inoculação de microrganismos Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus e Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis, adoçadas com diferentes tipos de substratos, como sacarose, glicose e mel, e caracterizadas por análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. Menos tempo de fermentação (nove horas) foi alcançado com a adição do inóculo SAB 440 (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus e Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis) e da glicose e mel como substratos nas bebidas de extrato de arroz. Todas as bebidas foram caracterizadas como probióticas porque a contagem de células viáveis foi superior a 106 UFC mL-1. Cabe ressaltar que o valor energético pode se enquadrar como baixo, tendo o conteúdo lipídico sido inferior a 0,03%, o que classifica essas bebidas fermentadas como livres de gordura, de acordo com a legislação brasileira vigente. A funcionalidade de bebidas fermentadas elaboradas pode ser atribuída principalmente à sua característica probiótica. As bebidas desenvolvidas são interessantes para o consumo por pessoas intolerantes à lactose e alérgicas a leite de bovino e soja, pois contêm ingredientes não lácteos.
Physical, chemical, sensory and mineral characterization of salty muffins enriched with Tetragonia tetragonoides
Authors: Ferreira Thales Henrique Barreto , Reis Angélica Pimenta de Lima dos , Souza Leticia da Silva , Rodrigues Hygor de Oliveira , Guimarães Rita de Cássia Avellaneda , Munhoz Cláudia Leite
Published: June 2021

Abstract The preparation of bakery products is expanding, mainly due to the possibility of adding other ingredients, in order to enrich them nutritionally. Spinach (Tetragonia tetragonoides) is a vegetable widely used, although its stem that has great potential for use, is still considered a waste and discarded. Based on the aforementioned information, this work aims to elaborate and characterize physical, chemical, sensory and minerals of salty muffins enriched with T. tetragonoides. Four formulations of salty muffins were prepared as following: Standard Formulation (F1); Formulation with addition of spinach leaves (F2); Formulation with addition of spinach stems (F3); Formulation with addition of spinach leaves and stems (F4). The physical and chemical characterization of the leaves and stems of T. tetragonoides was done by quantifying the moisture, residue mineral fixed, proteins, color and minerals. Muffins were characterized by analyzing moisture, fixed mineral residue, protein, total reducing sugars and instrumental analysis of color and texture; sensory and minerals. The muffins showed a predominant green color, due to the addition of spinach. However, stems, leaves and muffins have a high content of minerals, especially calcium and iron. The incorporation of vegetables in the formulations provided an increase in protein content, in addition to expressive sensory acceptance. Feasibility is observed in the production of savory muffins with the addition of leaves and stems, thus using the entire vegetable and avoiding food waste.
Experimental characterization of natural fibre–soil interaction: lessons for earthen construction
Authors: Vincenzini Alessandra , Augarde Charles E. , Gioffrè Massimiliano
Published: June 2021

Earthen construction materials are the subject of renewed interest due to the rising alarm about environmental pollution from the construction industry. Current research efforts are focused on improving the mechanical properties of earthen materials to make them modern and competitive. To increase strength and improve ductility fibres can be added to the soil mixture and if natural fibres are used one achieves stabilisation in an environmentally friendly way. Several previous studies have dealt with the behaviour of this composite material at a macroscopic level and on the general interaction between fibres and soil, but there is little published research on the interfacial mechanical interaction between natural fibre reinforcement and a soil matrix which is key to the former. This paper attempts to fill this gap by presenting and discussing laboratory results from a large campaign of pull-out tests conducted on composite earthen samples. The variables investigated here are the nature of the fibres (i.e. single or collections twisted together) and the use of fibre treatments such as PVA glue and baking soda. In the study both fibre–soil failure and soil-soil failure are investigated and the results lead to conclusions as to appropriate use of fibres to reinforce earthen construction materials.
CURRÍCULO, DECOLONIALIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL: POSSÍVEIS INTERSECÇÕES
Authors: Cruz Marcelly Machado , Da Cruz Giovana Maria , Silveira Éder Da Silva
Published: June 2021

O presente escrito objetiva compreender as relações entre currículo e colonialidade, a fim de tecer possibilidades emancipatórias de um movimento de(s)colonial a partir da concepção crítica de Educação Integral. Entendemos que nela se inscrevem instrumentos e ferramentas para pensar o currículo com vistas à construção de alternativas às práticas de educação bancária, antidialógica e colonial. Perceber a ação da matriz colonial de poder e como ela organiza o processo educativo permite construir estratégias de ruptura com esse modelo moderno/colonial vigente. Assim, a Educação Integral pode ser um eixo basilar para o projeto de(s)colonial, ao questionar as bases das divisões de classe, raça e gênero que marcam a construção do currículo.
Rede urbana, fluxos pendulares de pessoas e dinâmica demográfica na Região do COREDE Central
Authors: Krug Débora Frantz
Published: June 2021

No contexto de estudos urbanos, os estudos das redes urbanas regionais e suas cidades médias podem auxiliar na elaboração de políticas públicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento regional, visando uma maior coesão territorial. Através das redes urbanas regionais, pode-se determinar, se, além da contiguidade física entre os municípios envolvidos, há articulação funcional entre os mesmos e ainda, delimitar os fluxos que se estabelecem entre eles. Estes podem ocorrer tanto como consequência das relações econômicas e sociais, ou ainda, podem ser estimulados através de movimentos migratórios e deslocamentos pendulares. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o funcionamento recente da rede urbana da Região do COREDE Central, através de dados relativos aos deslocamentos pendulares, taxas de migração e de crescimento populacional e a importância e poder de centralização e articulação da cidade média de Santa Maria na região.
FEATURES OF OCCASIONAL RITES AND FOLK BELIEFS OF BELARUSIAN PEASANT MIGRANTS
Authors:   Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedorov R. Yu.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the features of occasional rites and folk beliefs of the descendants of Belarusian peasant migrants of the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries who lived in Siberia and the Far East of Russia. The degree of their preservation and transformation has been investigated on the basis of comparing the author's field materials with ethnographic descriptions made in the places of the migrants’ departure. The features of the occasional rites and folk beliefs remained unevenly in the memory of the descendants of the Belarusian migrants. Their oral stories most frequently contain the descriptions of pluvial magic and apotropaic actions aimed at protecting estate as well as human and livestock health. In some cases, animistic representations of the surrounding world have been replaced by the elements of Christian rites. In the ethnographic descriptions of the 19th – early 20th centuries, the space of superstitions and occasional rites covers not only the village itself, but natural environment surrounding it (forests, fields, rivers, etc.) as well. Today it has become increasingly limited to the boundaries of private estates. The forms of occasional rites and folk beliefs that have retained its practical value in transforming the way of life of the East Slavic village of Siberia and the Far East over the past century continue to exist.
Percepciones político-culturales encontradas: griegos, romanos y philanthropía en las Historias de Polibio (IX.42.5-8)
Authors: Moreno Leoni Álvaro Matías
Published: June 2021

Se ensaya aquí una interpretación de un pasaje fragmentario de las Historias de Polibio (IX.42.5-8), en el cual se narraba el episodio final de la toma de Egina durante la Primera Guerra Macedónica (210 a.C.). El encuentro entre las perspectivas griegas y romanas sobre la noción de philanthropía se acentúa a fin de mostrar su importancia en el contexto de la lección pensada por Polibio sobre ejercicio moderado del poder.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NARRATIVOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DAS PERSONAGENS ILIÁDICAS
Authors: Fortuna Gabriel Galdino
Published: June 2021

Este artigo visa usar a narratologia para demonstrar a existência de consciência reflexiva, profundidade e conflito interno nas personagens da Ilíada, utilizamos como suporte metodológico autores oriundos das últimas três décadas que aplicaram nas obras homéricas os conceitos desenvolvidos por Genette (1972) e Mieke Bal (1985). A investigação sobre a natureza esférica das personagens responde a uma parte considerável da crítica do século XX que estigmatizou a Ilíada como uma mímeses ingênua da vida, detentora de um narrador distante, neutro e imparcial, responsável por impedir o aprofundamento nas camadas estruturais da obra, em especial no que concerne às personagens e à trama. Para a investigação deste tema, colocamos em evidência três recursos narrativos identificados no épico em questão: as focalizações, as alterações na quantidade de informação fornecida ao leitor e as metalepses.
Creon’s Anger during and after the Third Act of Antigone: an Aristotelian Reading of a Tyrant’s Emotion
Authors: Proscurcin Junior Pedro
Published: June 2021

Particularly in Creon’s debate with Haemon, and from then on, Sophocles shows distinct aspects of how anger acts on the tyrant’s ability to judge and how this can be related to inextricable familial and political ties. As every modern reading of the play applies a philosophical conceptualization to understand emotions and thus suffer the consequences of a historical gap between interpretative and original vocabularies, this paper argues that the Aristotelian conceptualization of emotions is a relevant philosophical tool to better contextualize Creon’s anger in Sophocles’ Antigone. The essay discusses Creon’s thymetic responses in the face of Haemon’s admonition and Antigone’s oligoria, and offers two examples of Aristotelian readings of Creon’s thymetic akrasia. One of the possible readings considers the specific role of phantasia in Creon’s understanding of reality. This philosophical explanation of a revengeful tyrant reveals important connections between psychology and politics in the government of the city.
Mitochondrial DNA diversity of the alpine newt (Ichthyosaura alpestris) in the Carpathian Basin: evidence for multiple cryptic lineages associated with Pleistocene refugia
Authors: Vörös Judit , Varga Zoltán , Martínez-Solano Iñigo , Szabó Krisztián
Published: June 2021

The phylogeography and molecular taxonomy of the Alpine newt, Ichthyosaura alpestris, has been intensively studied in the past. However, previous studies did not include a comprehensive sampling from the Carpathian Basin, possibly a key region in the evolution of the species. We used a 1251 bp long fragment of the mitochondrial genome to infer the species’ evolutionary history in central-eastern Europe by assigning isolated Carpathian Basin populations from 6 regions to previously defined mtDNA lineages. We also revised the morphology-based intraspecific taxonomy of the species in the light of new genetic data. Alpine newt populations from the Carpathian Basin represented two different mitochondrial lineages. The Mátra, Bükk and Zemplén Mts populations can be assigned to the Western lineage of the nominotypical subspecies. Bakony and Őrség populations showed high haplotype diversity and formed a separate clade within the Western lineage, suggesting that the Carpathian Basin might have provided cryptic refugia for Alpine newt populations in their cold-continental forest-steppe landscapes during the younger Pleistocene. Newts from Apuseni Mts were related to the Eastern lineage but formed a distinct clade within this lineage. Considering the morphological and genetic differentiation of the Bakony and Őrség populations, consistent with a long independent evolutionary history, we propose these populations be referred to as Ichthyosaura alpestris bakonyiensis (Dely, 1964). We provide a redescription of this poorly known subspecies.
Infectious Myositis
Authors: Murala Sireesha , Ram Arun , Vijayakumar Rajendran , Nagarajan Elanagan
Published: June 2021

Infectious myositis (IM), is the infection of the skeletal muscle tissue (particularly voluntary muscle), which is characterized by swelling, pain, tenderness and/or weakness and is most commonly caused by bacteria, frequently by Staphylococcal and Streptococcal species. Acute bacterial myositis is the diffuse infection of the muscle without an intramuscular abscess. Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is the most common cause of cellulitis and various muscular infections like pyomyositis, subacute myositis, acute myositis and malignant myositis. Viral agents are the most common cause of nonbacterial infectious myositis. Among viruses, influenza is the most frequent causative agent reported to cause viral myositis. Fungal infections of the musculature are relatively uncommon; most of the cases are seen in immunocompromised patients and the diagnosis is established through biopsy with the culture of the specimens. History of food ingestion along with eosinophilia points towards a parasitic causative agent.
Determinantes de la estructura de capital en la industria química colombiana
Authors: Echeverri Castaño Cristián Andrés , Escobar Ortega Javier Esteban , Vergara Garavito Judith
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue encontrar los determinantes de la estructura de capital en las empresas del sector químico colombiano. Para ello se tomaron datos anuales de 233 firmas en el período comprendido entre 2009 y 2018, lo que permitió construir un panel desbalanceado con 1980 observaciones. Los resultados demuestran que la rentabilidad, el crecimiento, el tamaño y la liquidez son determinantes en la decisión de estructura de capital de las firmas del sector químico en Colombia.
Lupinus mutabilisoil obtained by expeller press: Yield, physicochemical characterization, antioxidant capacity, fatty acids and oxidative stability analyses
Authors: Pascual-Chagman Gloria , Santa-Cruz-Olivos Juan , Hidalgo Alyssa , Benavente Fernando , Pérez-Camino M. Carmen , Sotelo-Mendez Alejandrina , Paucar-Menacho Luz María , Encina-Zelada Christian R.
Published: June 2021

The oil of debittered and dehulled grains from two Andean lupins (Lupinus mutabilis) from Peru, Andenes and Común,was extracted by expeller press. The extraction yield and the proximal composition of both varieties were assessed. The oil and the cake, as well as the defatted flour from the variety with the highest extraction yield, werecharacterised for physico-chemical properties, total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. The oil shelf-life at 25 °C was extrapolated by Rancimat test. Andenes presented an oil yield of 22.1% (vs. 18.4% of Común),CIELAB colour coordinates of L* = 36.5, a* = 2.2, b* = 20, refractive index and density at 25ºC of 1.469 and 0.903 g/mL,acid number of 3.2 mg KOH/g, free fatty acids content of 1.6%, peroxide number of 2.7 meqO2/kg, p-anisidine number of 1.3, unsaponificable content of 58%, total antioxidant capacity 21.4 μmol TE/g and total polyphenol content of 7.0 mg AGE/100 g. The predominant fatty acid, tocopherol and phytosterol in the oil were oleic acid (56.2%), γ-tocopherol (555 mg/kg) and β-sitosterol (41900 mg/100 g), respectively. The oil shelf-life at 25 ºC was 2.7 years. The Lupinus mutabilis oil extracted by expeller presented an acceptable quality with a lower environmental negative impact than the oils obtained by solvent extraction.
Phenolic compounds of mango (Mangifera indica) by-products: Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential, use in disease prevention and food industry, methods of extraction and microencapsulation
Authors: Tirado-Kulieva Vicente , Atoche-Dioses Sheyla , Hernández-Martínez Ernesto
Published: June 2021

Globally, a large amount of agri-food waste is generated as a result of industrial processes or direct consumption of raw materials, and when discarded, they represent a factor of environmental pollution. Mango by-products have a great bioactive potential, especially because they contain phenolic compounds in which mangiferin predominates, in addition to a great variety of phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins, which confer antioxidant effects against cancer, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, among others. In addition, it was demonstrated that they have an effect against a broad microbial spectrum, including multiple pathogenic bacteria and fungi such as Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, respectively. According to the literature, mango peel and seed extracts also have potential as an additive, by influencing the sensory and physicochemical characteristics of foods, which has been proven by their addition to products such as shrimp, yogurt and cookies. Considering the importance of mango by-products, this work focused on their phenolic properties, the mechanism of antioxidant and antimicrobial action, their fields of pharmacological and food applications, in addition to evaluating their extraction methods and proposing microencapsulation as a suitable technology to avoid their degradation and control their release under appropriate conditions. Based on the analysis performed, further studies are suggested on the application in different foods and to evaluate the interaction of polyphenols with the compounds of the product, to avoid possible negative effects. It is also recommended to experiment with the use of combined technologies to improve results during extraction and microencapsulation.