bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Family Change in Latin America: Schooling and Labor Market Implications for Children and Women
Authors: Esteve Albert , Castro Andrés , Becca Federica
Published: September 2023

This chapter provides an account of the major family transformations that occurred in recent decades across Latin American and Caribbean countries and examines the implications of such transformations for childrens school attendance and progress and womens labor force participation. Latin American and Caribbean families and households have undergone substantial changes in recent years while keeping some of their distinctive features unchanged (Esteve et al., 2022; Esteve & Florez-Paredes, 2018a; Juárez & Gayet, 2014). This combination of stability and change has had profound transformations in the family status in which women raise their children and the family context in which children are raised. We refer to family context as the combination of womens marital status and the type of households in which children reside. We combine references to the literature and own calculations based on Latin American and Caribbean population census samples, available at the Integrated Public-use Microdata Series International (IPUMS) (Minnesota Population Center, 2020). We use data from 25 countries based on the most recent census microdata and, in some instances, historical samples starting in the late 1950s (see Appendix 1). The chapter is organized as follows. First, we document trends in family change and childrens status. To illustrate family change empirically, we focus on women aged 25 to 29 and children aged 7 to 16. For reasons that will be displayed during the paper, these groups offer a reliable overview of major transformations with the advantage of avoiding overlapping cohorts when data are analyzed over time. Variations by educational attainment are also examined to illustrate the role of inequality of opportunities in family change. Second, we focus on the implications of family forms on children's school attendance and progress and women's participation in the labor market. In the absence of tailored indicators about progress in cognitive and non-cognitive skills, school attendance and progress are standard indicators of early human capital accumulation (UNESCO, 2022). We examine these two outcomes among more than 15 million children included in the IPUMS-I census samples. For women, we examine the degree of participation in the labor market (n 16 million).
African American Undergraduate Students’ Perceived Welcomeness at a Midsized University Library
Authors: Duffin Kirstin , Corrigan Ellen
Published: September 2023

Objective – This project assessed African American students’ feelings of comfort and belonging about engaging with library resources and services at a public regional comprehensive university in the midwestern United States.
Methods – This study used an explanatory sequential design. First, we surveyed degree-seeking African American undergraduates on their perceived welcomeness regarding the library’s collections and spaces, staff and users, and atmosphere and marketing. We then recruited focus group participants from the survey, and in focus group sessions, participants expanded on feedback provided in the survey, with particular emphasis on their feelings about their interactions and experiences with the library.
Results – Most students who participated indicated the library is a place where they felt safe and welcomed, although the library felt to some like a neutral space rather than a place that actively supported them. Focus group participants shared several easily implementable suggestions for making the library a more attractive campus space for African American students.
Conclusion – Student recommendations will shape the services we provide for an increasingly diverse student body. Changes to make the library as physical place more welcoming include exhibiting student artwork and featuring African American themes in displays. The library as a social space can become more welcoming in several ways. Hiring a diverse staff and providing staff training on diversity and equity topics, offering engaging student opportunities for congregation in the library, and collaborating with African American student organizations will help to foster a sense of belonging among these students. Facilitating opportunities for connection will contribute to African American undergraduates’ academic success.
Analysis of the possibilities of artificial intelligence for investigation of fraud
Authors: Klyuev Dmitriy S. , Smushkin Alexander B. , Sokolova Yulia V. , Platonov Sergey E.
Published: September 2023

Background. As a result of the digitalization of society, the number of fraudulent activities using information and telecommunication technologies is growing. The technological complexity of the investigation is such that it requires the use of similar tools in investigative and operational-search activities. Such tools can be artificial intelligence. Aim. Determine the potential of artificial intelligence in investigative and operational activities. Methods. The analysis method was used to evaluate existing solutions for use in investigative and operational activities, such as face recognition, based on Haar rules, imitator programs and voice control, solutions of the Incident Management service, Papillon AFIS, Zerkalo GIS, Forver project, IS Obraz++, machine learning capabilities, neural networks. Results. Some relevant solutions are shown that require integration into a single system of technological and intelligent solutions (artificial intelligence) for investigative actions and operational-search activities. Conclusion. Presented are modern automated information tools that require their integration into a single intelligent technological system (artificial intelligence) for investigating crimes.
A device for exposure to a permanent magnetic field and a system multifactorial analysis in a magnetobiological experiment
Authors: Slobodyanyuk Igor L. , Nikolskaya Yulia V. , Kislyaev Sergey E. , Pichugina Polina G. , Antipova Tatyana A. , Matveeva Lyubov V. , Machikhin Vyacheslav A. , Polyakov Viktor A. , Gasparov Eric S. , Mayorov Andrey G.
Published: September 2023

Background. Interest in the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological objects is associated with the possibility of their use in solving a number of fundamental and applied problems: from the consideration of biological feedbacks in real time, which allows the development of electronic medical complexes, to the creation of neuro-computer interfaces, including components of living cells. Aim. The paper shows the development of a device for influencing biological objects with a permanent magnetic field, which allows modeling the basic parameters of the physical factor, for conducting a magnetobiological experiment with normalization of the effects of non-ionizing radiation of the specified parameters. Methods. The device for influencing biological objects of constant magnetic field allows to obtain, in a large volume, the most homogeneous magnetic field. Results. Mathematical modeling of changes in the morphofunctional state of the adrenal cortex according to eleven biological parameters at different periods of exposure to normalized constant magnetic field when exposed to the maximum permissible level was evaluated by the deviation of the interval indicator and its normalized value. The effect of this factor led to a deviation of the integral index in the glomerular zone of the adrenal glands on the 30th day was 6,53 1,30*10-2, later on the 60th day the deviation increased by 8,28 1,55*10-2, on the 90th 4,84 1,50*10-2, then on the 120th day, it did not differ from normalized. Conclusion. After the termination of the constant magnetic field in a series of 1530 mT experiments, the morphofunctional state of the thymus returned to normal. Thus, the device is recommended for use in experimental activities.
Passage of an electromagnetic wave through a rectangular waveguide with a section of a semiconductor film
Authors: Voronoi Andrey A. , Soldatov Alexander A. , Kubanov Victor P.
Published: September 2023

Background. In microwave technology, of great interest is the creation of amplifiers and generators based on thin-layered longitudinal inhomogeneities in rectangular waveguides, which are an integral part of many functional devices in the microwave and EHF ranges. Aim. Therefore, it is of practical interest to calculate one of these inhomogeneities in a rectangular waveguide. Methods. One of the methods for calculating such structures is the diffraction of an electromagnetic wave by a segment of a semiconductor film with negative differential conductivity on a narrow wall of a rectangular waveguide. Based on the boundary conditions, a singular integral equation for the electric component of the electromagnetic field was obtained. By the method of inversion of the integral equation and by means of expansion in terms of Chebyshev polynomials, the integral equation is given in a system of two algebraic equations. The coefficients of the system are calculated according to the theory of residues. Then an equation was obtained for calculating the transmission coefficient, which was calculated in the Matcad environment. Results. Based on the integral equation, the values for calculating the transmission coefficient for the structure under consideration are obtained. Conclusion. From the graphs obtained for the calculated transmission coefficient, it can be concluded that there are frequency zones where an electromagnetic wave is amplified in the structure. So, on the basis of the structure under consideration, it is possible to create amplifiers and generators of the microwave and EHF ranges.
Exploring Deviation from Time Perspective in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Comparative Analysis in the Clinical Context
Authors: Golezani Hamed Rezaei , Bakhshipour Abbas , Haghighi Mahmonir , Hekmati Issa , Ranjbar Hamed Abdollahpour
Published: September 2023

Objective: A growing body of research stresses the effect of time perspective (TP) on the genesis and maintenance of psychological disorders. However, the variations in the TP configuration of individuals with different disorders have not yet been completely investigated. We aimed to compare the differences in TP among patients with three common psychiatric disorders.
Method: We recruited 30 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 30 with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and 30 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Participants completed Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory, and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). The one-way MANOVA was utilized for the comparison of TP dimensions among the three disordered groups.
Results: The results showed that TP was significantly affected in all three clinical groups. The effect of the disorder on time perspective was significant for Past Negative (PN) (F (2, 84) = 11.86, P < 0.01), Past Positive (PP) (F (2, 84) = 6.66, P < 0.01), Present Fatalistic (PF) (F (2, 84) = 7.08, P < 0.01) and Future (F) (F (2, 84) = 26.40, P < 0.01), but not for Present Hedonistic (PH). The findings revealed that the MDD group scored the highest on PN, with the GAD group scoring higher than the OCD group. The GAD and OCD groups reported higher PP than the MDD group. In addition, the MDD group scored higher than both the GAD and OCD groups on PF. Finally, the GAD patients reported higher scores than both the MDD and OCD patients on the F dimension, while the OCD patients scored higher than the MDD patients.
Conclusion: Individuals with MDD tend to obtain higher scores in PN and PF time perspective, whereas those with GAD and OCD showed higher PP and F scores. These findings demonstrate the significance of examining TP in clinical patients and prompt further research into the association between TP and the disorders being studied. Perspectives on therapy are also explored.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU)
Authors: Faghani Nasrin , Moghadasin Maryam
Published: September 2023

Objective: Social anxiety refers to an excessive concern or fear about social situations. It seems that social media, which has become one of the most popular and effective tools for communication today, can be one of the contexts of social anxiety. Due to the lack of a Persian instrument to assess social anxiety in the context of social networks, the current study was undertaken to analyze the psychometric criteria of the Iranian version of the Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU). The SAS-SMU is a 21-item questionnaire designed by Alkis and colleagues (2017) to measure social anxiety emerging from the social media platforms.
Method: In this study, a total of 842 participants within the age range of 11 to 82 years old (mean age 33.11 ± 12.134), 59% female) answered the questions in an online survey. The original version of the scale was translated into Persian using the back translation procedure. All participants completed a Demographic Questionnaire, the SAS-SMU, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. In order to analyze the collected data, internal and external consistency, factor analysis, construct validity, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were examined. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered to determine statistical significance.
Results: Four subscales were obtained from the exploratory factor analysis (SCA, PCA, IA, and SEA), which were confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was found to be 0.931 for the total scale and 0.920, 0.846, 0.901, 0.828 for SCA, PCA, IA, and SEA, respectively. In addition, the test-retest scores of 30 participants (interval: between 2 to 3 weeks) for all four subscales (SCA = 0.641, PCA = 0.773, IA = 0.688, SEA = 0.727) indicated acceptable stability of the questionnaire over time.
Conclusion: This study validates the Persian version of the SAS-SMU for use in studies in the field of psychological problems related to social media and online communications.
Psychosis of Epilepsy: A 10-Year Iranian Clinical Survey
Authors: Shafie Mahan , Darijani Jaber , Mirsepassi Zahra , Razavi Alireza , Mayeli Mahsa , Arbabi Mohammad , Aghamollaii Vajiheh
Published: September 2023

Objective: Psychoses of epilepsy usually have an acute onset, accompanied by brief symptom duration and a risk of recurrence. Managing these conditions can be challenging due to the potential for seizures associated with certain antipsychotic medications, as well as exacerbating psychosis resulting from some antiepileptic medications. Our objective in this study was to assess the occurrence of psychosis among patients with epilepsy, as well as identify the factors linked to the presence and severity of psychosis in this population.
Method: In this study, we included a total of 514 subjects diagnosed with epilepsy referring to our neuropsychiatry clinic affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences from April 2011 to December 2021, among whom 57 patients showed psychotic presentations. We compared baseline and clinical characteristics between patients with psychosis of epilepsy and non-psychosis patients who also had epilepsy.
Results: Marital status was the sole demographic factor that displayed a statistically significant difference between the psychosis and non-psychosis groups (P = 0.019). There was no significant difference observed between the two groups regarding family history of epilepsy and age at the onset of the epilepsy. Patients with psychosis experienced significantly more frequent seizures and generalized type (P < 0.001). Participants were matched for demographics and other clinical factors between the refractory and controlled psychosis groups, except for the psychosis frequency (P = 0.007). The type of epilepsy was significantly associated with psychosis when adjusted for the covariates (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Patients with psychosis of epilepsy experienced more episodes of epilepsy than non-psychotics. We identified generalized epilepsy as an independent risk factor for the development of psychosis. Additional cohorts are warranted to explore the factors associated with epilepsy-related psychosis across diverse populations.
An Overview on Electrophysiological and Neuroimaging Findings in Dyslexia
Authors: Hernández-Vásquez Ronald , García Ulises Córdova , Barreto Ana Maritza Boy , Rodriguez Rojas Milagritos Leonor , Ponce-Meza Jacqueline , Saavedra-López Miguel
Published: September 2023

Objective: Dyslexia is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by inaccurate and slow word recognition. This article reviews neural correlates of dyslexia from both electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies.
Method: In this brief review, we provide electrophysiological and neuroimaging evidence from electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in dyslexia to understand functional and structural brain changes in this condition.
Results: In both electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies, the most frequently reported functional impairments in dyslexia include aberrant activation of the left hemisphere occipito-temporal cortex (OTC), temporo-parietal cortex (TPC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and cerebellar areas. EEG studies have mostly highlighted the important role of lower frequency bands in dyslexia, especially theta waves. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies have suggested that dyslexia is related to functional and structural impairments in the left hemisphere regions associated with reading and language, including reduced grey matter volume in the left TPC, decreased white matter connectivity between reading networks, and hypo-activation of the left OTC and TPC. In addition, neural evidence from pre-reading children and infants at risk for dyslexia show that there are abnormalities in the dyslexic brain before learning to read begins.
Conclusion: Advances in comprehending the neural correlates of dyslexia could bring closer translation from basic to clinical neuroscience and effective rehabilitation for individuals who struggle to read. However, neuroscience still has great potential for clinical translation that requires further research.
Evaluation of six radiomorphometric indices
Authors: Mosavat Farzaneh , Sinanoglu Alper , Khodadadi Zahra , Sabzevari Zahra Sadeghi
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Aging is accompanied by the gradual loss of teeth, which can cause several orofacial changes. This study aimed to compare panoramic radiomorphometric indices between dentate and totally edentulous patients.
 Materials and Methods: One hundred panoramic radiographs were analyzed to measure six indices using Clinview 9.3 software: the gonial angle (GA), antegonial angle (AGA), condylar height (CH), ramus height (RH), mental index (MI), and mandibular cortical index (MCI). An independent sample t-test and Chi-square was used to compare the means of the measured data between dentate and edentate subjects and genders.
Results: In both genders, dentate people had greater left CH (p=0.05) and left GA (p=0.03). Men had greater RH in the dentate and edentate groups (p<0.001). No correlation was found between groups and genders in MCI scores. 
Conclusion: CH index assessment as the function of the masticatory muscles and GA as residual ridge resorption were decreased in edentulous people. The findings highlight the importance of oral hygiene education and prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous.
Panfacial fractures management, a report of surgical treatment sequence in three cases: A case series study
Authors: Momeni Rouchi Mehrnoush , Nezaminia Sayna , Hajiani Narges
Published: September 2023

Multiple facial fractures, which involve the upper, middle, and lower thirds of the face, are called Panfacial fractures, and their management is one of the biggest challenges in the field of maxillofacial surgery. The proximity of maxillofacial skeleton to important sensory or vital structures such as the visual, olfactory, masticatory and respiratory systems and intracranial components in addition to negative effects on esthetic aspects of the face have doubled the intricacy. Small or thin fractured segments that are difficult to find and stabilize make management of pan facial fractures different from anywhere else in the body.
One major challenge is to find the best pattern and sequence of treatment. There are different concepts, depending on the surgeon's experience and the pattern of fracture. This study reports three patients with the diagnosis of pan facial fractures. A 54-year-old woman, an 18-year-old and a 14-year-old man that were all victims of road traffic injuries (MVA). Conventional open reduction and internal fixation methods have been used and favorable results have been obtained in follow-up periods.
REFLEXÕES ACERCA DO ESTADO NACIONAL BURGUÊS (BRASILEIRO) A PARTIR DE CLAUDIA VON BRAUNMÜHL
Authors: Monteiro Rafael Siqueira
Published: September 2023

A presente reflexão acerca do estado nação burguês (brasileiro) a partir de Claudia Von Braunmühl, buscou identificar, em grandes linhas, as ideias que compõem sua teoria sobre o “estado nação burguês” e relacioná-las ao Brasil. Nessa breve reflexão, constatou-se que, embora sua teoria seja importante para pensar o estado brasileiro, enquanto parte integrante do mercado mundial, ela precisa ser complementada com autores que o pensam a partir de suas especificidades históricas.
O SUICÍDIO PRATICADO POR HOMENS E A ATENÇÃO BÁSICA À SAÚDE
Authors: Reis Jefferson Lopes , Meireles Juliana De Oliveira , Pastana Sabrina Cristini Nazaré , Vieira Maria Milene Pastana , Diniz Caetano Da Providência Santos
Published: September 2023

Esse artigo teórico tem como objetivo discutir o problema do suicídio praticado por homens e suas implicações para os serviços de atenção básica à saúde. Utilizou-se o método da revisão narrativa, uma forma de pesquisa que visa contribuir para a reflexão e a discussão sobre um assunto sem pretender reproduzir dados ou responder questões quantitativas específicas. Tendo como base os descritores “suicídio”, “homem” e “saúde”, identificou-se a partir das plataformas Scielo e Pubmed 56 artigos produzidos nos últimos cinco anos em português e inglês, dentre os quais seis foram selecionados. A análise dos resultados indica que no Brasil as ocorrências de suicídio são mais elevadas nas Regiões Sul e Centro Oeste, onde cerca de 70% dos casos são de homens jovens que optam pelo enforcamento. Pode-se identificar como causa aspectos sociais, econômicos, relacionais, psicológicos e aspectos culturais que implicam transformações nas formas como a sociedade vê os homens e na necessidade de que eles reconheçam suas fragilidades. As masculinidades tradicionais precisam ser revistas a fim de que lhes seja possível reconhecer suas limitações diante da vivência de problemas emocionais, buscando-se superar sua recusa a buscar ajuda nos momentos de fragilidade e intenso sofrimento. Conclui-se que os serviços básicos precisam dinamizar suas ações e promover campanhas preventivas, participação da comunidade, facilitação do acesso a profissionais da saúde mental e diversificação de abordagens, compreendendo o suicídio praticado por homens em suas especificidades. Enquanto problema de saúde pública, o suicídio precisa ser abordado de forma preventiva com ações voltadas para o público em geral, sendo importante compreender sua complexidade no que se refere às questões das masculinidades.
De água laminar a rasgar o pelo: fraseologia da cerâmica artesanal do distrito de Icoaraci-Belém/PA
Authors: Costa Eliane Oliveira da , Salvador Carlene Ferreira Nunes
Published: September 2023

Este artigo consiste em um estudo sobre os fraseologismos presentes no léxico da produção de cerâmica artesanal no Distrito de Icoaraci, localizado em Belém-PA, e tem por objetivo descrever a tipologia fraseológica que caracteriza esse domínio discursivo. O referencial teórico baseia-se em Mejri (1997; 2012). O corpus considerado é originário do Glossário da Cerâmica Artesanal do Distrito de Icoaraci (Belém/PA) extraído da Dissertação de Costa (2012). Os resultados apontam, por meio de triagem, 122 verbetes, cujas unidades polilexicais foram tomadas como possíveis fraseologismos e testadas sob critérios como polilexicalidade, fixidez, congruência, frequência, previsibilidade, idiomaticidade. A análise indica um corpus especializado.
Variação do item lexical camomila no Paraná com base nos dados do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil – ALiB
Authors: Ferreira Alicja Goczyla , Margotti Felício Wessling , Romano Valter Pereira
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a variação lexical do item camomila no Estado do Paraná com base no banco de dados do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil – ALiB. Parte-se da hipótese de que a variação de nome para designar essa planta de grande importância sociocultural no estado coincide, até certo ponto, com a delimitação das subáreas dialetais do Paraná apontadas por Koch (2000) e Altenhofen (2002) em conformidade com variantes linguísticas do Atlas Linguístico-Etnográfico da Região Sul do Brasil – ALERS. O corpus do estudo é composto pelas respostas obtidas a partir da questão 41 do Questionário Semântico-Lexical do ALiB, por 68 informantes em 17 localidades no Paraná. O mapeamento da distribuição das variantes, a geração dos mapas e o tratamento quantitativo dos dados foi realizado com o auxílio do software SGVClin. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a presença de duas variantes lexicais principais: camomila e maçanilha, cuja distribuição diatópica confirma a nossa hipótese e corrobora a tese da divisão das áreas dialetais no Paraná.
A Social and Psychological Portrait of the Personality of a Fraudster
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminal Law of the Ulyanovsk State University Attorney at the Ulyanovsk Region Bar Association PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Medvedev Evgeny V.
Published: September 2023

Against the background of various forms of fraud, including domestic fraud, gaining rapid momentum in the Russian Federation, the question of establishing a typical portrait of a fraudster is becoming more and more urgent. This is necessary not only to increase the effectiveness of work on the detection and prevention of fraud by law enforcement offi cers, but also to carry out preventive psychological work with the population, especially with potential victims of such crimes from among socially vulnerable segments of the population. As a result of the research, the author identifi es a number of cognitive properties, needmotivational attitudes, emotional-volitional features, as well as character traits inherent in most scammers.
Methods of Psychological Influence on an Individual in Carrying out of Criminal Intelligence and Surveillance Operations
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation (NRI of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia), Belykh-Silaev Dmitry V.
Published: September 2023

The article is dedicated to methods of psychological infl uence on an individual in carrying out of criminal intelligence and surveillance operations. The study is relevant as the profession of a criminal investigator is referred to socionomic ones, i.e., activities in the “person to person” system. That said, effi ciency of professional activities of a criminal investigator is determined by psychological factors, in particular, by quality of communication, and thus, the study of methods of psychological infl uence on an individual at carrying out of criminal intelligence and surveillance operations can raise the effi ciency of criminal intelligence and surveillance operations. The object of the research is communication as an activity aimed at establishment, support and development of contacts, that has three aspects: communicative (information exchange), perceptive (perception of one another in the communication-related process), interactive (mutual infl uence in the communication-related process). The subject of the study is methods of psychological infl uence on an individual in carrying out of criminal intelligence and surveillance operations. A survey of 958 most experienced high-performance criminal investigators out of 82 constituent entities of the Russian Federation makes up the empirical base of the research.
Informational and Psychological Combating of Extremism in the Cyberspace
Authors:   Head of the Department of Psychological Support of Professional Activities of Penal System Employees of the Centre for Study of Execution of Criminal Sentences and Psychological Support of Professional Activities of Penal System Employees of the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia Associate Professor of the Faculty of Psychology of the Russian State Social University PhD (Psychology), Suslov Yury E.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the problem of spreading extremist ideas through modern means of communication and, fi rst of all, through the information and communication network Internet. The Internet has become an integral part of people’s everyday life, the possibility of active communication in cyberspace, which, in addition to the creative component, has a destructive one, creating a threat of infection with the ideas of extremism, as well as the involvement of criminal groups in extremist activities. On the example of social networks, ways of spreading and infecting with the ideas of extremism are shown. The specifi cs of mediated interaction in the virtual space, as well as the possibilities of creating forms, transferring, evaluating information that take place in social networks, provide certain opportunities for extremist criminals to identify and involve potential victims in criminal activities. The paper also analyzes the psychological characteristics of one of the risk groups for involvement in extremist activities — young people. In addition to the agerelated psychological characteristics of this group, its representatives are also the most active users of social networks, which further increases the vulnerability to extremist information and psychological impact. The paper presents the psychological characteristics of persons convicted of extremist activities. Ways are proposed to counter the spread of extremist ideas in the information space.
Perilaku pencarian informasi beauty vlogger di wilayah Kabupaten Trenggalek untuk memenuhi kebutuhan informasi pada proses pembuatan konten video
Authors: Wafi Kholidz Wildan , Syafaah Darisy
Published: September 2023

The emergence of beauty vloggers is currently a trend in the world of beauty because they can influence skincare or make-up products through video content that is shared. This study intends to find out the information seeking behavior of beauty vloggers in the Trenggalek Regency area to meet information needs in the process of creating video content, as well as the obstacles faced by beauty vloggers in searching for information as an effort to meet information needs in the process of creating video content and how to overcome them. The type of approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection technique used was interviews with three beauty vloggers, observation and documentation. As well as data analysis used, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the information seeking behavior model used by beauty vloggers in the Trenggalek Regency area is in accordance with the theory put forward by David Ellis which is divided into 8 stages including Starting, Chaining, Browsing, Differenting, Monitoring, Extracting, Verifying, Ending via whatsapp, tick tock, instagram and google. The results of the study also show the obstacles faced by beauty vloggers which are divided into 2 factors including internal factors in the form of lack of information availability and external factors in the form of inadequate internet networks. However, the constraints from these internal factors can be handled by re-searching information, while external factors can be handled by postponing information search activities and looking for a place that has network access that supports it.
Pegylated interferon in the treatment of chronic delta hepatitis: the experience from real-world clinical practice
Authors: Magomedova Saniyat A. , Bilalova Saida K. , Peradze Khatuna D. , Isaeva Olga V. , Kichatova Vera S. , Malinnikova Elena Y. , Ilchenko Liudmila Y. , Kyuregyan Karen K. , Akimkin Vasiliy G. , Mikhailov Mikhail I.
Published: September 2023

Rationale: The high prevalence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the Republic of Dagestan, significantly exceeding that in the European part of the Russian Federation, as well as the limited choice of therapeutic options, have led to the need to analyze the accumulated experience of interferon therapy in the real clinical practice to further select possible treatment regimens.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of pegylated interferon alpha (Peg-IFN-) in patients with chronic hepatitis D (CHD) in real world clinical practice.
Materials and methods: In a retrospective study, the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Peg-IFN- were analyzed in 34 patients with CHD living in the Republic of Dagestan. Main virological parameters (anti-HDV antibodies (anti-HDV), HDV RNA and HBV DNA), alanine aminotransferase levels, changes over time in liver density by elastometry, and clinical parameters (hematology and urine tests, clinical chemistry, thyroid function tests) were assessed at 24 and 48 weeks of therapy, as well as at 48 weeks after its completion.
Results: The treatment with Peg-IFN- for 48 weeks resulted in a virological response, defined as a HDV RNA decrease by more than 2 lg copies/mL, in 32% (11/34) of the patients. A sustained virological response, defined as undetectable HDV RNA at 48 weeks after the end of therapy, was not observed in any case. Treatment with interferon was associated with a decrease in liver density by average 4.1 kPa by week 48 on therapy. Normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels after 48 weeks of treatment was observed in 59% (20/34) of the patients; however, sustained biochemical response was achieved in none of them. Serious adverse events of high or moderate severity that resulted in the discontinuation of therapy were observed in 12% (4/34) of the cases.
Conclusion: The results obtained indicate low efficacy of Peg-IFN- in the treatment of CHD in the Dagestan patients. Further research is needed to refine optimal interferon therapy regimens, to search for predictors of treatment response, and to evaluate the impact of interferon treatment regimens on the risk of hepatic complications, clinical outcomes, and patient survival. However, the most obvious solution to the problem of CHD therapy is the development and implementation of interferon-free treatment regimens.
Patrimonio arqueológico en perspectiva: alcances de un siglo formativo en la modernidad del Perú republicano
Authors: Uribe Claudia
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo discute la construcción de la noción de patrimonio arqueológico desde el Perú del siglo XIX, en el marco de los procesos históricos y sociopolíticos relativos a su formación como estado-nación moderno. Frente a la concentración de reflexiones sobre el origen de los fundamentos y las praxis patrimoniales en la intersección de la arqueología peruana y el nacionalismo en los inicios del siglo XX, este estudio argumenta que dicho periodo marca un hito trascendental en el devenir de una serie de procesos que inician en el Perú decimonónico. Bajo la perspectiva del patrimonio como una construcción social y como proceso, se propone que este atraviesa por un siglo formativo desde los primeros años de la era republicana a partir de tres ejes: el nacionalismo, la perspectiva científica moderna y las instituciones tutelares. Este estudio concluye identificando dos momentos críticos y fundacionales del patrimonio arqueológico en contextos de efervescencia nacionalista estimulados por las élites políticas e intelectuales: el surgimiento del Estado peruano (1821- 1824) y los años posteriores a la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1884). Del mismo modo, reconoce que la génesis del patrimonio y su naturaleza política no pueden entenderse si no a partir de procesos estrechamente ligados a la modernidad.
El contínuum cultural, metodología para una historia integrada
Authors: Espinoza Pajuelo Pedro , Manrique Patricia , Luján Karen , Morales Santiago , Zela Verónica
Published: September 2023

La metodología del contínuum cultural fue creada en el 2011 durante la intervención arqueológica y de gestión en el complejo arqueológico Mateo Salado (Cercado de Lima). Dicha metodología propone que todas las actividades evidenciadas en un monumento a lo largo del tiempo tienen el mismo valor como modos de vida, conectando así, en la práctica, a la arqueología prehispánica, la arqueología histórica, la arqueología de lo contemporáneo y la arqueología pública. En este marco, cuestiona que el criterio temporal deba ser determinante, ya que privilegia una época en detrimento de las demás y tiende a seleccionar de ese periodo lo que pueda ser difundido grandilocuentemente al público. El contínuum cultural, asimismo, posibilita abordar temas contemporáneos y polémicos desde un monumento usualmente visto solo como prehispánico. Para ilustrar todos estos aspectos, el artículo desarrolla aplicaciones del contínuum cultural en la investigación, la conservación-restauración, y en la gestión hacia la comunidad en Mateo Salado.
Participación ciudadana, patrimonialistas y gestión del patrimonio cultural inmueble precolonial del Perú
Authors: Alexandrino Ocaña Grace
Published: September 2023

Desde hace más de diez años existen grupos de ciudadanas y ciudadanos peruanos que buscan asumir responsabilidad por el cuidado del patrimonio cultural precolonial del Perú. A pesar que la participación ciudadana en la salvaguarda del patrimonio está prevista en las regulaciones legales del gobierno peruano, esta figura está poco implementada. Más aún, las autoridades y expertos culturales del país todavía favorecen una perspectiva de preservación centrada en los materiales y no en el uso social y la interacción entre sociedades contemporáneas y patrimonio mueble. Basándome en un extenso trabajo etnográfico y de archivo, en este artículo caracterizo cómo ha sido la participación ciudadana en la gestión del patrimonio inmueble precolonial desde la creación del Ministerio de Cultura, describo el modo en que se ha dado la participación ciudadana desde la aparición de grupos patrimonialistas y reflexiono sobre las posibilidades que la participación ciudadana ofrece para alcanzar una gestión del patrimonio más sostenible.
¿Vencer los estereotipos? El discurso sobre las violencias de género en tres melodramas de Televisa: “Vencer el miedo”, “Vencer el desamor” y “Vencer el pasado”
Authors: Gómez Rodríguez Gabriela , Méndez Pupo Yarimis
Published: September 2023

En el año 2019, Televisa comenzó la producción y transmisión de tres telenovelas con la temática central de la violencia de género. Cada una de estas entrecruza las historias de cuatro protagonistas que viven diferentes conflictos asociados a las múltiples violencias que enfrentan en sus relaciones cotidianas con hombres y mujeres. La trilogía lleva los títulos Vencer el miedo, Vencer el desamor y Vencer el pasado. En el presente artículo, se analizan estos melodramas desde la perspectiva de género y el método del análisis crítico del discurso (ACD), los cuales nos permitieron comprobar que, aunque hay avances en el modo de representar a la mujer y sus problemáticas, las construcciones simbólicas y discursivas alrededor de los personajes femeninos continúan cediendo ante las normativas de la moral cristiana, los estereotipos físicos o los roles más tradicionales que se asignan a hombres y mujeres.
Mapping the Supply of Surveillance Technologies to Africa: Case Studies from Nigeria, Ghana, Morocco, Malawi, and Zambia
Authors: Roberts Tony , Gitahi Judy , Allam Patrick , Oboh Lawrence , Oladapo Oyewole , Appiah-Adjei Gifty , Galal Amira , Kainja Jimmy , Phiri Sam , Abraham Kiss , Klovig Skelton Sebastian , Sheombar Anand
Published: September 2023

African governments are spending over 1US$bn per year on digital surveillance technologies which are being used without adequate legal protections in ways that regularly violate citizens’ fundamental human rights. This report documents which companies, from which countries, are supplying which types of surveillance technology to African governments. Without this missing detail, it is impossible to adequately design measures to mitigate and overcome illegal surveillance and violations of human rights. Since the turn of the century, we have witnessed a digitalisation of surveillance that has enabled the algorithmic automation of surveillance at a scale not previously imaginable. Surveillance of citizens was once a labour and time-intensive process. This provided a practical limit to the scope and depth of state surveillance. The digitalisation of telephony has made it possible to automate the search for keywords across all mobile and internet communications. For the first time, state surveillance agencies can do two things: (a) conduct mass surveillance of all citizens’ communications, and (b) micro-target individuals for in-depth surveillance that draws together in real-time data from mobile calls, short message service (SMS), internet messaging, global positioning system (GPS) location, and financial transactions. This report was produced by qualitative analysis of open-source data in the public domain. The information presented is drawn from a diverse range of sources, including open government data sets, export licence portals, procurement notices, civil society databases of surveillance contracts, press releases from surveillance companies, academic articles, reports, and media coverage. The research is organised using a typology of five categories of surveillance technology. We did not set out to detail every technology available, every company, or every supply contract. Instead, we document the main companies and countries selling digital surveillance technologies to African governments. Rather than focus on the technical functionality distinguishing each product offering, we highlight five of the most important types of surveillance technology: internet interception, mobile interception, social media surveillance, ‘safe city’ technologies for the surveillance of public spaces, and biometric identification technologies.
A política social no Brasil: notas sobre sua configuração sob a égide neoliberal
Authors: Pinheiro Silvia Silva Martins , Guimarães Karoline Claudino
Published: September 2023

This article aims to promote an analysis around the format assumed by social policies in Brazil in the face of the intensification of the neoliberal project, with a view to its contradictions and main characteristics. Therefore, a historical review of its foundations is essential, although brief, as well as an approach to the social issue and its deepening in the current scenario. In fact, through a bibliographic review, in the light of Marxist critical social theory, we also sought to discuss social policy in the Brazilian context of Bolsonaro’s government in the face of Covid-19 pandemic, taking as an example the welfare benefit emergency.
Regional Science and Technology Policy during the Period of “Sovnarkhoz Reform” (on the Example of Western Siberia)
Authors: Ablazhey Anatoly
Published: September 2023

The article, based on archival sources, analyzes the experience of organizing scientific and technical activities in the structure of the Councils of National Economy (SNKh) that existed from 1957 to 1965. It shows the forms of work of the scientific and technical activity management bodies, such as the Central Bureau of Technical Information (CBTI) and the Production and Technical Department (PTO), later transformed into the Technical Department of the sovnarkhoz. It is shown that the sharp growth of interest in the issues of regional development, one of the manifestations of which was the effect of “regionalization of science”, became an important prerequisite for the decision to establish a powerful scientific center in the east of the country – the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. It is concluded that in modern conditions the experience of regionalization of scientific and technical activity, implemented in the structure of sovnarkhozes, can be useful.
Сity's Innovation. Review of the book by Sharon Zukin “Innovation Complex. Cities, Technologies and the New Economy”
Authors: Klypin Andrey
Published: September 2023

A review of the book by Sharon Zukin “Innovation Complex. Cities, Technologies and the New Economy” is presented. Conceptual vision of the author for the innovative complex of the city, with its positive and negative sides, is described. The characteristic features of the innovation complex according to Zukin associated with innovation spaces and communities (hackathons, accelerators) are given. The practical significance of the book for theorists and practitioners involved in the innovative development of Russian cities, as well as policy makers in this area at the level of government authorities, is discussed.
The Challenges of Regulating Knowledge Absorption in Russia
Authors: Samovoleva Svetlana
Published: September 2023

Improving of knowledge transfer is a key part of documents that determine the vector of development of science, technology and innovation, both in Russia and abroad. However, even with the accumulated considerable experience in the organization of knowledge transfer processes, the problem of low activity of domestic business in these processes remains unresolved. One of the main reasons is the lack of proper attention both in domestic science and policy to the absorption capacities of enterprises and knowledge absorption. The aim of this study is to identify the bottlenecks that hinder promoting knowledge absorption in Russia. For this purpose, firstly, the theoretical foundations for analyzing knowledge absorption are investigated. Secondly, the conceptual documents that define the current framework for regulating knowledge transfer in Russia are examined. Unlike the papers that aim to analyze the general advantages or disadvantages of innovation policy, this study focuses on finding bottlenecks in the regulation of knowledge absorption. The results of the paper can be useful to fine-tune the policy measures.