bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi level policy mixes and industry emergence: The case of wind energy in Spain
Authors: Matti Cristian , Consoli Davide , Uyarra Elvira
Published: August 2016

The prospect of limited access to natural resources has reignited the debate on environmental sustainability and the search for appropriate policy instruments. Alternative and sustainable models of production and consumption encompass both wholly new solutions as well as modified versions of existing ones. The objective of this paper is to understand to what extent instruments designed at different levels of policy domains can be coordinated as part of an organic process. The empirical setting for our inquiry is the Spanish wind energy sector, a successful trajectory in terms of both energy and specialised technology production. Spain has become the first country in which wind energy was the major source of energy and the second performing European R&D energy projects. This dual acceleration in market deployment and knowledge creation is the result of multiple pathways originated by the interplay of policy instruments of different domains such as energy, industry and innovation interacting at regional, national and European level. The present paper seeks to understand the development of the policy mix underpinning the emergence of the Spanish wind energy sector. Our approach is mostly historical and draws on official data on energy balance, subsidies, research activity and interviews. The analysis presented here confirms that while international commitments act as a guiding force, national and regional governments play a key role in the sector development by providing market signals, financial support and mechanisms to articulate different actors and their capacities. This gives rise to distinctive implementation patterns across regions and pose important coordination challenges. On the whole the present case study provides a novel insight into the interplay between multi-level public intervention and the articulation of systemic dynamics of a new market as well as a critical reflection on the research policy challenges associated to the emergence of new sectors.
Exploring the intersections between local knowledge and environmental regulation: A study of shale gas extraction in Texas and Lancashire
Authors: Beebeejaun Yasminah
Published: August 2016

Contemporary shale gas extraction, also known as ‘fracking’, has become one of the most contentious environmental issues facing Europe and North America. Academic and policy debates have hitherto focused principally on questions related to scientific disputes, risk perception, potential health impacts, and the wider economic and geo-political dimensions to energy security. This paper draws on extensive qualitative research in Texas and Lancashire, undertaken between 2012 and 2015, to explore how differing regulatory frameworks are shaped through highly localized discourses that include communities opposed to fracking. Whilst there are significant differences between these two examples, including the extent of environmental monitoring, the local context remains a pivotal arena within which the regulatory and technical dimensions to fracking are being contested and scrutinized. The two cases illustrate how community opposition has catalysed important processes that have enhanced understanding of the environmental and social impacts of shale gas extraction.
Business advice and lending in small firms
Authors: Rostamkalaei Anoosheh , Freel Mark
Published: August 2016

The literature on lending to small firms has primarily focused on the mechanisms and methods used to evaluate entrepreneurs and businesses and on the types of firms that are more likely to experience unfavourable application outcomes. That is, the focus of most empirical research is on supply-side decisions. The current research attempts to shed some light on demand-side considerations. Drawing upon data collected as the UK SME Finance Monitor (2011–2014), we identify links between entrepreneurs' diligence, business risk and finance-related advice-seeking prior to initiating loan and overdraft applications. The results show evidence of the usefulness of advice in ameliorating, both structural and strategic, business risk and improving the prospects of successful debt applications to banks.
Residential burglary victimization
Authors: Soo Chon Don
Published: August 2016

The current study employed the International Crime Victimization Survey for 142,665 subjects in 35 countries to compare residential burglary patterns across countries by their developmental levels. The mixed-level modeling shows that households in less developed countries were more likely to experience residential burglary than those in highly developed countries. In addition, married status and low income levels were positively, while living in a detached house was negatively, related to burglary victimization. These findings are consistent with routine activity theory.
The Effects of Perceptions of Parents’ Use of Social and Material Rewards on Prosocial Behaviors in Spanish and U.S. Youth
Authors: Carlo Gustavo , Samper Paula , Malonda Elisabeth , Tur-Porcar Ana M. , Davis Alexandra
Published: August 2016

We examined the links between perceived parental use of social and material rewards and prosocial behaviors across youth from two countries. Six hundred forty adolescents (297 girls; [Formula: see text] age = 15.32 years) from Valencia, Spain, and 552 adolescents (321 girls; [Formula: see text] age = 13.38 years) from the United States completed measures of their perceptions of parental use of rewards, prosocial behaviors, and empathy. Results generally showed that perceived use of social rewards was directly and indirectly positively related to prosocial behaviors via empathic tendencies. In contrast, perceived use of material rewards was directly and indirectly negatively related to prosocial behaviors via empathic tendencies. There were significant differences such that material rewards had relatively more significant relations to prosocial behaviors in U.S. youth than in Spanish youth. Discussion focuses on the generalizability of parenting and prosocial development models across cultures and the relative links of social versus material rewards to prosocial behaviors.
Delivering lower carbon urban transport choices: European ambition meets the reality of institutional (mis)alignment
Authors: Gray David , Laing Richard , Docherty Iain
Published: August 2016

Reducing carbon emissions from the transport sector has become a critical imperative for public policy as our understanding of the impacts of the mobility system on the environment has developed. This paper contrasts policy development in three cities (Aberdeen, Bremen and Malmö) that collaborated as part of a European Union knowledge exchange programme designed to share innovative approaches to carbon reduction in the transport sector. We identify a number of critical aspects of governance, including the approach to policy formulation and implementation, and the status of consensus and cohesion, as key determinants of transport outcomes. We conclude that the degree of institutional alignment evident in each city’s governance network is crucial in explaining their appetite for the pursuit of low carbon policies, and in turn the real potential for policy transfer to occur as envisaged by European Union collaboration frameworks.
Health Care and Mortality among Persons with Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Gal Gilad , Munitz Hanan , Levav Itzhak
Published: August 2016

Objective:

Reports show disparities in the health care of persons with severe mental illness (SMI), including in countries with universal health insurance. However, the moderating effect on disparities of specific mental health legislation is yet to be studied. The study aimed to investigate equality of health care for people with SMI in a country with a national health insurance and a comprehensive rehabilitation law for persons with mental disabilities.

Method:

A case-control epidemiological study compared health services (laboratory tests, visits to specialists, and medications) provided to users with and without a history of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder ( N = 52,131) and with regard to a subgroup of users with diabetes ( n = 16,280). In addition, we examined the mortality rates of the study population.

Results:

While service users with schizophrenia were somewhat less likely to meet the same indexes of care as controls, those with bipolar disorder did not differ from their counterparts. Yet, mortality risk among service users with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder was 2.4 and 1.7 times higher, respectively. Rates of services to persons with SMI and comorbid diabetes did not differ from their counterparts.

Conclusions:

In Israel, a country with a national health insurance and a rehabilitation law for persons with mental disabilities, service users with bipolar disorder receive equitable levels of general health care. For users with schizophrenia, the disparities exist in some of the health care measures but to a smaller extent than in other countries with universal health insurance. In contrast, mortality rates are elevated in persons with SMI.
Different Country, Same Work
Authors: Painter Matthew A. , Sanderson Matthew R.
Published: August 2016

This study builds on recent work investigating the process of migration channeling between analogous sectors of the Mexican and U.S. labor markets. In this study, the authors take up the question of whether channeling between Mexico and the United States promotes immigrants’ economic integration. Drawing on previous research on channeling, and using insights from human capital theory, the authors test the hypothesis that immigrants who are able to use their industry-specific knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in Mexico within the same industry in the United States achieve higher levels of economic integration. Using a sample of Mexican immigrants from the New Immigrant Survey, we find that industrially channeled immigrants experience a wage premium of over $5,000, on average, in the United States. Our study concludes with a discussion of what industrial channeling means for Mexican immigrants’ broader integration into U.S. society.
Work Life Stress and Career Resilience of Licensed Nursing Facility Administrators
Authors: Myers Dennis R. , Rogers Rob , LeCrone Harold H. , Kelley Katherine , Scott Joel H.
Published: August 2016

Career resilience provided a frame for understanding how Licensed Nursing Facility Administrators (LNFAs) sustain role performance and even thrive in stressful skilled nursing facility work environments. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of in-depth interviews with18 LNFAs, averaging 24 years of experience were conducted by a five-member research team. Analysis was informed by evidence-based frameworks for career resilience in the health professions as well as the National Association of Long-Term Care Administrator Boards’ (NAB) five domains of competent administrative practice. Findings included six sources of work stressors and six sources of professional satisfaction. Also, participants identified seven strategic principles and 10 administrative practices for addressing major sources of stress. Recommendations are provided for research and evidence-based application of the career resilience perspective to LNFA practice aimed at reducing role abandonment and energizing the delivery of the quality of care that each resident deserves.
Histologic study of testis injury after bisphenol A exposure in mice
Authors: Tian Jijing , Ding Ye , She Ruiping , Ma Longhuan , Du Fang , Xia Kangkang , Chen Lili
Published: August 2016

The health effects of bisphenol A (BPA) have become a great concern in recent years. In this study, the reproductive toxicity of BPA was investigated. Male CD-1 mice were orally administrated with BPA (0, 100, 300 and 600 mg kg−1 body weight) for 56 consecutive days. Results showed that relative testis weight to total body weight was significantly lower in the high-dose group ( p < 0.01, p < 0.05). Microscopic examination under light and transmission electron microscopes showed disorders of spermatogenesis after BPA exposure, including rough basal lamina of seminiferous tubules and damage of tight junctions between Sertoli cells. Further study by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase–mediated nick end labelling assay showed a significant induction of apoptosis in the testis tissue of the BPA groups ( p < 0.01). Immunohistochemical study found that the expression of androgen-binding protein (ABP) was significantly decreased in BPA-treated mice ( p < 0.01). Our results indicated that impairment of the basal lamina of seminiferous tubules and tight junctions may contribute to BPA-induced cell injury. A decrease in the level of ABP could be the possible mechanism for the reproductive toxicity of BPA. These findings provided direct evidence and novel insight into the reproductive toxicity of BPA and may have implications for understanding the toxicity of other endocrine disruptors.
The AROW Health Link experience with client-based system design
Authors: Hambleton Joshua
Published: August 2016

This article outlines the experience of the Arnprior Region & Ottawa West (AROW) Health Link using a multi-dimensional engagement framework in the co-development of systems change with client representatives. The article outlines patient, organizational, and societal factors influencing client engagement. The key learning that has allowed the joint Client Engagement Committee to evolve has been the core of client leadership. Client-led tables and workgroups have fueled client-to-client engagement, which has shifted clients from being a part of the change to driving the change.
Patient engagement in radiation therapy
Authors: Purificacion Sunshine , Brown Erika , Anne-Davis Carol , French John
Published: August 2016

Radiation therapy service quality is not only defined by the technical aspects of care—the patient’s involvement and satisfaction also contribute largely to determining the quality of care received. Although there have been recent increases in support for the development of patient engagement activities throughout Canada, the lack of guidance and knowledge of patient engagement techniques within the radiotherapy context limits implementation. Without processes to obtain first-hand insight from patients, the need for these programs is overlooked. With a commitment to improving quality and consistency of care, the Canadian Partnership for Quality Radiotherapy recognized the need for a set of national guidelines on patient engagement in radiation therapy service delivery. Making use of the perspectives and first-hand experience of patient representatives, this initiative aims to develop a pan-Canadian guidance document that radiation therapy centres can adopt for successful integration of patient engagement through core activities of service delivery.
A fly in the ointment
Authors: Morin Angela
Published: August 2016

Patient-centred care and patient engagement are not the “flavour of the month” nor just buzz phrases. The role of the patient voice in the review of the Quality of Care Information Protection Act and the creation of the Health Information Protection Act 2016 (Bill 119) was significant and transformative. Engaging patients and families whether at the bedside in a hospital, at the decision-making table in a healthcare organization, or in the creation of policy at the provincial and national levels is changing our healthcare system.
Engaging blind and partially sighted stakeholders in transformational change
Authors: Pearson Victoria
Published: August 2016

For non-profit organizations in the disability sector, engaging stakeholders with disabilities on matters of strategic planning is both a responsibility and an expectation. As part of our current strategic plan, which calls for organizational and systemic transformation, the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) has engaged blind and partially sighted stakeholders alongside other interest groups to build and advocate for a more holistic model of vision healthcare and rehabilitation. This article describes the CNIB’s multi-year process, including early-stage consultations, collaborative strategy development, and political advocacy and shares our organization’s key success factors and learnings in creating meaningful, mutually beneficial engagement.
Community Safety, Housing Precariousness and Processes of Exclusion: An Institutional Ethnography from the Standpoints of Youth in an ‘Unsafe’ Urban Neighbourhood
Authors: Nichols Naomi , Braimoh Jessica
Published: August 2016

Using the alternative sociological approach, institutional ethnography, this article reveals how experiences growing up in social housing (re)produce conditions of oppression that exacerbate housing precariousness and other forms of exclusion. Data were generated through participant observation, textual analysis and in-depth qualitative interviews with Young People of Colour living in vulnerable urban neighbourhoods, designated as Neighbourhood Improvement Areas in Toronto, Canada. Findings reveal how discourse, policy and practice related to community safety comprise an institutional nexus, connecting policing with social housing. These intersectional institutional relations create conditions of continuous housing precarity; youth street involvement and homelessness; increased involvement in the youth criminal justice system; and a belief among economically marginalized Young People of Colour that the state does not care about their safety and inclusion.
Qualitative investigation of theoretical models: the value of process tracing
Authors: Lorentzen Peter , Fravel M Taylor , Paine Jack
Published: August 2016

Political scientists frequently use qualitative evidence to support or evaluate the empirical applicability of formal models. Despite this widespread practice, neither the qualitative methods literature nor research on empirically evaluating formal models systematically address the topic. This article makes three contributions to bridge this gap. First, it demonstrates that formal models and qualitative evidence are indeed frequently combined in current research. Second, it shows how process tracing can be as important a tool for empirically assessing models as statistical testing, because models and process tracing share a common focus on understanding causal mechanisms. Last, it provides new guidelines for using process tracing that focus on issues specific to the modeling enterprise, illustrated with examples from recent research.
Numerical analysis and experimental validation of Gerotor pumps: A comparison between a lumped parameter and a computational fluid dynamics-based approach
Authors: Pellegri Matteo , Vacca Andrea , Frosina Emma , Buono Dario , Senatore Adolfo
Published: August 2016

In this paper, two alternative numerical approaches for the simulation of Gerotor units are compared: a fast lumped parameter approach for the fluid dynamics through the unit that permits the co-simulation of the radial micro-motion of the rotors, and a computational fluid dynamics approach that puts emphasis on the description of the detailed features of the flow through the unit. Each approach provides unique insights on the unit operation, although with different assumptions and level of result details. For an objective comparison of these two state-of-art models, the authors compared their results with experiments. A commercial pump taken as reference, and tests focused on steady-state volumetric performance as well as the transient features of the outlet port pressure oscillations. The results presented in the paper permit to gain a high level of understanding of the operation of the unit and of the critical aspects that a designer should consider while analyzing such design of positive displacement machines. While comparing the two simulation approaches, the paper highlights the limits and the strengths of each one of the two approaches. In particular, it is shown how both models can match the experimental results considering proper assumptions, in terms of technological clearances and rotors’ micro-motions.

The paper constitutes a unique contribution in the field of numerical simulation of Gerotor units and represents a useful reference to the designers looking for suitable methods for simulating existing or novel design solutions.
Engine torque command handling for a series hybrid electric bus
Authors: Kim Minjae
Published: August 2016

The series hybrid electric vehicle makes it easier to have fully independent controls for the engine–generator unit and for the traction motors; this is not feasible in parallel hybrid electric vehicles or series–parallel hybrid electric vehicles. The existing research does not consider this feature. Therefore, a novel control method called engine torque command handling is developed in this study and is added to the optimal energy management strategy, namely dynamic programming; this makes the most of the inertia of the engine–generator unit. The hidden fuel economy improvement factor, as demonstrated by the the difference between the command and the behaviour, can then be found. As a result, a considerable improvement in the fuel economy with straightforward but powerful concepts, such as modification of the engine operating points and the on–off period, is developed in the series hybrid electric bus. The simulation is evaluated by AMEsim–Simulink co-simulation with the well-known urban bus test profiles: the Manhattan cycle, the Braunschweig cycle and the Orange County cycle. The results show the significant potential for reduction in the energy consumption without changing the components or the structure of the vehicle system. This method can be applied to any type of vehicle that allows independent engine power generation without interruption.
Optimal pulsed guidance law with terminal impact angle constraint
Authors: Liu JH , Shan JY , Liu Q
Published: August 2016

An optimal pulsed guidance law with a time-varying weighted quadratic cost function that enables imposing a predetermined intercept angle is presented. Due to the characteristic of impulse force, admissible variance of control is redefined. The optimal pulsed guidance law is deduced via extended maximum principle. The optimal pulsed guidance law is eventually transformed to solve the two-point boundary value problem. To decide a shooting point, an efficient algorithm is proposed by combining particle swarm optimization and Kriging surrogate model method. The optimal pulsed guidance law is implemented in several representative engagements. From simulation results, it can be seen that the proposed guidance law can achieve small miss distance with terminal impact angle constraint under different conditions. Moreover, the performance of the proposed guidance law is satisfactory with the comparison of sliding-mode pulsed guidance law.
Autopilot design for tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle with nacelle mounted wing extension using single hidden layer perceptron neural network
Authors: Kang Youngshin , Kim Nakwan , Kim Byoung-Soo , Tahk Min-Jea
Published: August 2016

Single hidden layer perceptron neural network controllers combined with dynamic inversion are applied to the tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and its variant model with the nacelle mounted wing extension. The bandwidths of the inner loop and outer loop of the controller are designed using the timescale separation approach, which uses the combined analysis of the two loops. The bandwidth of each loop is selected to be close to each other using a combination of the pseudo-control-hedging and the pole-placement method. Similar to the previous studies on sigma-pi neural network, the dynamic inversion at hover conditions of the original tilt-rotor model is used as a baseline for both aircraft, and the compatible solution to the Lyapunov equation is suggested. The single hidden layer perceptron neural network minimizes the error of the inversion model through the back-propagation adaptation. The waypoint guidance is applied to the outermost loop of the neural network controller for autonomous flight which includes vertical take-off and landing as well as nacelle conversion. The simulation results under the two wind conditions for the tilt-rotor aircraft and its variant are presented. The south and north-west wind directions are simulated in order to compare with the results from the existing sigma-pi neural network, and the estimation results of the wind are presented.
Suboptimal mid-course guidance algorithm for accelerating missiles
Authors: Seo Min-Guk , Tahk Min-Jea
Published: August 2016

This paper deals with the closed-loop form of mid-course guidance law design for accelerating missile system, whose acceleration is approximately constant. A midcourse guidance algorithm of feedback form is proposed to satisfy the engagement geometry conditions at the burn-out time for terminal homing performance enhancement. The effect of velocity change due to missile acceleration is explicitly considered in the derivation of the guidance law. The terminal constraint update algorithm is proposed under the assumption that the target trajectory is predicted precisely. Simulation results are provided to show the performance and characteristics of the proposed algorithm.
Design and virtual evaluation of a customized surface-guided knee implant
Authors: Pejhan Shabnam , Bohm Eric , Brandt Jan-Mels , Wyss Urs
Published: August 2016

Although total knee arthroplasty is generally a successful operation, many studies have shown that it results in significant alterations in the kinematics of the joint, which cause limitations in performing the activities of daily living. This study aimed to define the design features for a customized surface-guided total knee replacement and to evaluate the kinematic outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging data of the knee joint are used to generate the design features as they relate to the functionality of the implant. The motion is guided by considering a partial ball and socket configuration on the medial condyle and varying radii of curvature on the lateral articulating surface. A virtual simulation of the behavior of the surface-guided total knee replacement was performed to investigate the motion patterns of this total knee replacement under gait and squatting loading conditions. Results of the virtual simulation show that flexion and extension of the knee make the center of the lateral condyle move more naturally in the posterior and anterior directions, in comparison to the center of the medial condyle. Such guidance is achieved as a result of the novel customized designed contact between the articulating surfaces. The proposed customized surface-guided total knee replacement provides patterns of motion close to the expected more natural target, not only during a gait cycle but also as the knee flexes to higher degrees during squatting. Major design features include location and orientation of the flexion and pivoting axes, the trace of the contact points on the tibia, and the radii of the guiding arcs on the lateral condyle.
Predicting adherence to antiretroviral therapy among pregnant women in Guyana: Utility of the Health Belief Model
Authors: Vitalis Deborah
Published: August 2016

Barriers to antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among pregnant women are varied and complex. This study explored the constructs of a theoretical model, the Health Belief Model (HBM) to understand and predict ART adherence among pregnant women in Guyana. A cross-sectional study surveyed 108 pregnant women attending 11 primary care clinics. ART adherence ranging from the past weekend to three months was assessed through self-reports, and health beliefs with the Adherence Determinants Questionnaire (ADQ). Constructs with sufficient variation in responses were tested for association with the level of adherence using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and test. Sixty-seven per cent (72) of the women reported being always adherent. Although there was positive endorsement of ART treatment and adherence, the HBM did not help in understanding or predicting ART adherence in this population. Only one item from the perceived susceptibility construct was significantly associated (p = 0.009) with adherence. Interventions are warranted to address ART adherence in this population, as 19% of the women were recently non-adherent. Although the ADQ did not contribute to a deeper understanding or provide insight into pathways that can be targeted for intervention, theoretical models can play a key role in identifying these pathways.
Experimental infection of conventional nursing pigs and their dams with Porcine deltacoronavirus
Authors: Vitosh-Sillman Sarah , Loy John Dustin , Brodersen Bruce , Kelling Clayton , Doster Alan , Topliff Christina , Nelson Eric , Bai Jianfa , Schirtzinger Erin , Poulsen Elizabeth , Meadors Barbara , Anderson Joseph , Hause Benjamin , Anderson Gary , Hesse Richard
Published: August 2016

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly identified virus that has been detected in swine herds of North America associated with enteric disease. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the pathogenicity, course of infection, virus kinetics, and aerosol transmission of PDCoV using 87 conventional piglets and their 9 dams, including aerosol and contact controls to emulate field conditions. Piglets 2–4 days of age and their dams were administered an oronasal PDCoV inoculum with a quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR quantification cycle (Cq) value of 22 that was generated from a field sample having 100% nucleotide identity to USA/Illinois121/2014 determined by metagenomic sequencing and testing negative for other enteric disease agents using standard assays. Serial samples of blood, serum, oral fluids, nasal and fecal swabs, and tissues from sequential autopsy, conducted daily on days 1–8 and regular intervals thereafter, were collected throughout the 42-day study for qRT-PCR, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Diarrhea developed in all inoculated and contact control pigs, including dams, by 2 days post-inoculation (dpi) and in aerosol control pigs and dams by 3–4 dpi, with resolution occurring by 12 dpi. Mild to severe atrophic enteritis with PDCoV antigen staining was observed in the small intestine of affected piglets from 2 to 8 dpi. Mesenteric lymph node and small intestine were the primary sites of antigen detection by immunohistochemistry, and virus RNA was detected in these tissues to the end of the study. Virus RNA was detectable in piglet fecal swabs to 21 dpi, and dams to 14–35 dpi.
Effects of the Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Education (C-SAPE) Program on South Korean Fifth-Grade Students’ Competence in Terms of Knowledge and Self-Protective Behaviors
Authors: Kim Shin-Jeong , Kang Kyung-Ah
Published: August 2016

Child sexual abuse (CSA) threatens children’s safety and even their lives. CSA is increasing steadily, despite the government’s efforts to decrease and prevent its incidence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Education (C-SAPE) program on fifth-grade elementary school students’ competence in terms of their knowledge and self-protective behaviors. Participants included 39 children who completed the C-SAPE program and a control group of 50 children. A nonequivalent control group pre-/posttest design was used to examine the effectiveness of C-SAPE. Significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups’ mean difference (post–pre) in competence scores ( t = 3.354, p = .001), especially in the category of self-protective behaviors ( t = 2.641, p = .010). The C-SAPE program may be effective in increasing elementary school students’ self-protective behaviors related to sexual abuse.
An Evidence-Based Project Demonstrating Increased School Immunization Compliance Following a School Nurse–Initiated Vaccine Compliance Strategy
Authors: Swallow Wendy , Roberts Jill C.
Published: August 2016

During the 2012–2013 school year, only 66% of students at a Northern Indiana High School were in compliance with school immunization requirements. We report here successful implementation of evidence-based, time, and cost-effective methods aimed at increasing school immunization compliance. A three-stage strategy initiated by the school nurse was employed. In the first stage, letters were sent home with students, indicating the lack of compliance with school immunization laws. The next stage involved a second letter sent home with the student which contained immunization information from the Indiana State Department of Health, appointment information, and a copy of the student’s immunization record. In the final stage, letters were sent home via e-mail and phone calls were used for follow-up. At each stage, students and parents were given an explanation of exclusion and a date when exclusion would apply. Postintervention, vaccine compliance was 99.6%, exceeding both national and state averages.
Pseudosarcomatous Vaginal Polyp
Authors: Heller Alexis , Ukazu Adanna , Wang Qing
Published: August 2016

Background. Although rare, pregnant women can present with fibroepithelial polyps of the vagina. Most likely hormonally related, these polyps have been described in various locations of the lower female genital tract. They can be mistaken for malignant lesions due to hypercellularity and cytologic atypia. Case. We describe the case of a 31-year-old woman who presented with a polyp of the vagina during a postpartum visit. Results. Atypical cells were seen in hypercellular areas of the stroma of the polyp. Conclusion. A pitfall to avoid is classifying these benign lesions as malignant based on atypical histopathology.
Career Decision Ambiguity Tolerance and Its Relations With Adherence to the RIASEC Structure and Calling
Authors: Xu Hui , Tracey Terence J. G.
Published: August 2016

While career decision ambiguity tolerance (CDAT) has been repeatedly shown to play a salient role in career decision-making, a potential revision of its measurement model has been indicated in past research. More importantly, it remains less clear as to what individual characteristics are associated with high CDAT. We examined a four-factor model of CDAT (i.e., preference, tolerance, confidence, and aversion) and its associations with adherence to the realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprise, and conventional (RIASEC) structure and career calling in a sample of college students ( N = 248). The results of the current study supported the four-factor model being superior to the original three-factor model in representing the structure of CDAT. It was also found that adherence to the RIASEC structure was positively associated with preference, presence of calling was positively associated with confidence, and search for calling was positively associated with aversion. The implications of the results were discussed with respect to the theory and research of CDAT. Limitations and suggestions for future research were also provided.
Evaluating Circumplex Structure in the Interpersonal Scales for the NEO-PI-3
Authors: Louie Jennifer F. , Kurtz John E. , Markey Patrick M.
Published: August 2016

Scales to assess the eight octants and two axes of the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) using items from the revised NEO Personality Inventory were introduced by Traupman et al. Item changes in the revised and renormed third edition of the NEO instrument (NEO-PI-3) have affected item content in all eight octant scales, underscoring the need to reexamine the IPC scales. The current study examines the circumplex structure of the revised octant scales in the NEO-PI-3 and their correlations with the Dominance and Warmth scales of the Personality Assessment Inventory in 568 undergraduate students. The data show perfect fit to circumplex structure, suggesting equivalent or better assessment of the IPC with the NEO-PI-3 octant scales. Convergence of the eight octants with the Personality Assessment Inventory interpersonal scales further supports their saturation with interpersonal content and appropriate location within the IPC.
Americans’ Support for NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope
Authors: Weber Ryan , Dinc Semih , Williams Matthew
Published: August 2016

This study tested responses to traditional or interactive material about NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) project. A total of 660 participants were divided into three groups: a science guide group that viewed an online PDF, an interactive group that viewed a YouTube video and FlyBy simulation, and a control group that received no supporting texts about JWST. Interactive media outperformed traditional texts in increasing levels of support for JWST construction. However, the traditional text and interactive media showed no difference in other measures of support for JWST construction. No texts increased support for NASA funding or prompted participant advocacy.
Comparisons Between Upper and Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Review of the RIETE Registry
Authors: Cote Lauren P. , Greenberg Steven , Caprini Joseph A. , Tafur Alfonso , Choi Chris , Muñoz Francisco J. , Skride Andris , Valero Beatriz , Porras José Antonio , Ciammaichella Maurizio , Hernández-Blasco Luis Manuel , Monreal Manuel ,   RIETE Investigators
Published: August 2016

Background:

The outcome of patients with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has not been consistently compared with that in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT).

Methods:

We used the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad Trombo Embólica (RIETE) registry to compare the outcomes during the course of anticoagulant therapy in patients with UEDVT versus outcomes in patients with LEDVT.

Results:

As of August 2015, 37,366 patients with acute DVT had been enrolled in RIETE: 35094 (94%) had LEDVT, 1334 (3.6%) non-catheter related UEDVT (672 unprovoked and 662 provoked) and 938 (2.5%) had catheter-related UEDVT. During the course of anticoagulation, patients with unprovoked UEDVT had a higher rate of DVT recurrences (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.37-3.43) and a similar rate of PE recurrences or major bleeding than those with unprovoked LEDVT. Patients with non-catheter-related provoked UEDVT had a similar outcome than those with provoked LEDVT. Among patients with UEDVT, those with non-catheter related unprovoked UEDVT had a lower rate of PE recurrences (HR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0-0.35) and major bleeding (HR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.08-0.46) than those with catheter-related UEDVT or those with non-catheter related provoked UEDVT (HR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.004-0.60; and 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08-0.52, respectively). On multivariable analysis, any difference had disappeared.

Conclusion:

During the course of anticoagulation, patients with UEDVT had a similar outcome than those with LEDVT. Among UEDVT patients, there were some differences according to the presence of catheter or additional risk factors for DVT. These differences disappeared after adjusting for potentially confounding variables.
Performance Evaluation of Differentd-Dimer Cutoffs in Bedridden Hospitalized Elderly Patients
Authors: Kassim Nevine A. , Farid Tamer M. , Pessar Shaimaa Abdelmalik , Shawkat Salma A.
Published: August 2016

A rapid and accurate diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the elderly individuals represents a dilemma due to nonspecific clinical presentation, confusing laboratory results, and the hazards of radiological examination in this age-group. d-Dimer test is used mainly in combination with non-high clinical pretest probability (PTP) to exclude VTE. d-Dimer testing retains its sensitivity, however, its specificity decreases in the elderly individuals. Raising the cutoff level improves the specificity of the d-dimer test without compromising its sensitivity. The current study aimed to explore the reliability of higher d-dimer cutoff values for the diagnosis of asymptomatic VTE in a population of bedridden hospitalized elderly patients with non-high clinical PTP. This retrospective study included 252 bedridden hospitalized elderly patients (>65 years) who were admitted to the Ain shams University Specialized Hospital with non-high clinical probability and developed later reduced mobility; all underwent quantitation of d-dimer and Doppler examination. Considering the whole population (>65 years), the age-adjusted cutoff achieved the best performance in comparison with the conventional and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)–derived cutoffs. When stratified according to age, the age-adjusted cutoff showed the best performance in the age-group 65-70 and comparable performance with the ROC-derived cutoff in the age-group 71-80, however, its sensitivity compromised in those older than 80 years. In conclusion, it is recommended to use age-adjusted cutoff value of d-dimer together with the clinical probability score in elderly individuals (65-80 years).
Violations of Press Freedom in America
Authors: Lee Alfred Mcclung
Published: August 2016

Professor Lee of the Department of Journalism, University of Kansas, is now on leave of absence for research in the Institute of Human Relations, Yale University. Last year he published “The Daily Newspaper in America.”
Is there a Place for Instruction in Journalism?
Authors: Morrill J. L.
Published: August 2016

Dr. Morrill, vice president of the Ohio State University, is a former newspaper man and a former journalism teacher. This article is based on his remarks before the A. A. T. J. convention in Columbus in December.
Schools of Journalism, past and Future
Authors: Murphy Lawrence W.
Published: August 2016

This paper was read by Professor Murphy, director of the School of Journalism, University of Illinois, as his presidential address to the American Association of Schools and Departments of Journalism at Columbus in December.
Business Management and Advertising
Authors: Allen Charles L.
Published: August 2016

STUDENTS and research workers in advertising, business and related phases of journalism are asked to inform Professor Allen of significant studies in these fields and, when possible, to send copies or digests of such studies to him.—The Editor.
An Annotated Bibliography of Journalism Subjects in American Magazines: February, March and April, 1940
Authors: Merwin Fred E. , Smith Henry L.
Published: August 2016

Several developments during the period produced articles of interest. Various correspondents covering the fighting in Finland, Norway and on the Western Front continued to describe their experiences. The annual spring meetings of the American Newspaper Publishers Association and the American Society of Newspaper Editors were reported and contempt of court citations against the Los Angeles Times and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch aroused the attention of those interested in law of the press.
An Annotated Bibliography of Journalism Subjects in American Magazines: August, September and October, 1940
Authors: Merwin Fred E.
Published: August 2016

Articles pertaining to journalism during the current quarter continued to emphasize the impact of the war in Europe on both news gathering and news publishing both in this country and abroad. Efforts of publishers to obtain better recognition from the Wage-Hour administration produced numerous comments. The various ramifications of Guild activity were covered pro and con. Discussions of the position of the press in the 1940 presidential election were frequent. Much attention was given to this subject by Arthur Robb, editor of Editor & Publisher.

F. E. M.
Influence of baking conditions on the quality attributes of sponge cake
Authors: Ureta M Micaela , Olivera Daniela F , Salvadori Viviana O
Published: August 2016

Sponge cake is a sweet bakery product characterized by its aerated and soft crumb and by its thin-coloured crust. The aim of this work is to analyse the influence of baking conditions (natural or forced convection, steam injection, oven temperature from 140 ℃ to 180 ℃) on sponge cake quality. Both crust and crumb regions were characterized by means of colour development, water content, crust/crumb relation, crust thickness and crumb structure (in terms of porosity, crumb density and texture). Colour measurements allowed obtaining an accurate model for browning kinetics. Crumb water content remains almost constant, while considerable dehydration occurs in the crust. In general, no significant differences due to baking conditions were found in the instrumental quality analysis.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa and the Association With Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Sotoodian Bahman , Abbas Mariam , Brassard Alain
Published: August 2016

Background:

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin sites with a high density of apocrine glands. HS commonly presents after puberty, with most patients diagnosed in the second decade of their life. Several studies have investigated smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia as possible underlying risk factors for HS. However, we encountered 2 patients with a long-standing history of untreated leukemia who developed late-onset HS.

Objective:

To investigate the presence of malignancy as an underlying risk factor for development of HS.

Method:

The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for keywords such as hidradenitis suppurativa, malignancy, cancer, and epidemiology.

Observation:

Only 1 retrospective Swedish study with 2119 patients investigated the prevalence of cancer, including 6 hematopoietic malignancies, in HS patients. However, the study did not assess the timeline of developing HS in relation to the cancer diagnosis. We report 2 patients with a long-standing history of hematopoietic cancers who received no continuous treatments for their malignancies and developed late-onset HS: a 60-year-old male patient with hairy cell leukemia and a 68-year-old male patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed HS later in life.

Conclusion:

Multiple epidemiologic studies found the average age of HS diagnosis to be well prior to the fourth decade of life. The latency of the HS diagnosis as well as the presence of long-standing leukemia in both of our patients raises the necessity for assessing the possibility of malignancy, especially hematopoietic cancer, as a risk factor for HS.

Limitation:

This is a small retrospective analysis including only 2 patients. Larger studies would better assess the role of malignancy, leukemia in particular, as a possible risk factor for development of HS.
‘(Not) working 9–5’: the consequences of contemporary Australian-based online feminist campaigns as digital labour
Authors: Gleeson Jessamy
Published: August 2016

Social media–based platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are increasingly being used by feminists across the globe as a way to capture and harness wider audiences and draw their attention to individual campaigns and social issues. However, the moderators who work behind the scenes on these feminist campaigns are largely unrecognised for their work. This article frames the work of these activists as a form of digital labour – and one that carries series of consequences for the movement in relation to activist burnout. In this article, I draw on data gathered from interviews undertaken with representatives from three Australian-based contemporary feminist campaigns in order to demonstrate that feminist campaigners within contemporary online feminist campaigns undertake a form of digital labour and examine the effects of this labour for activists involved in these groups.