bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPRESSION OF IM EXPRESSION OF IMAGES REL GES RELATED TO NATIONAL TRADI AL TRADITIONS IN A.NAVOI'S WORK
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rajabova Marifat Bakoyevna
Published: April 2021

Background. It is known that the customs, traditions, material and spiritual riches of the Turkic peoples belong to the great poet A. Thanks to Navoi's sharp intellect and artistic thinking; it has become an immortal property of our spirituality. Therefore, the creative heritage of the great poet is important not only as a work of art, but also as a unique historical and ethnographic source of culture of life of the Turkic peoples, including the Uzbek nation. This article examines the works of Alisher Navoi, depicting the way of life, culture, socio-political, theological and mystical worldview of the Turkic peoples, and even the ancient mythological ideas and some of the customs and rituals associated with them. The traditions of the poet's lyrical, lyre-epic works are an important source for studying the history and spiritual world of the Turkic peoples. Methods. In the article A. In order to clarify the place of folk traditions in Navoi's lyrical heritage, comparative-typological, analytical methods were used. Results. In the works of Alisher Navoi, a special place is given to the depiction and interpretation of plates related to the way of life, culture, socio-political, divine and mystical worldview of the Turkic peoples, and even ancient mythological notions and some customs and rituals associated with them. Such works of art, which are recorded as "ethnographic folklorisms", have played an important role in enhancing the national and realistic spirit of the poet's works, their artistic impact. Conclusion. Navoi's works contain valuable artistic details related to the way of life and customs of the people, which can provide important information in the study of the history of life of the people of that period.
TEACHING ME CHING METHODS A THODS AT OPTION T OPTIONAL MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Bukhara Engineering - Technological Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Pulatova Manzura Iskhakovna , Khamroeva Zilola
Published: April 2021

Background. The article discusses the problems of introducing optional classes into the secondary school — a fundamentally new mass form of education, examines the methods and techniques of teaching and their appropriate use in optional classes. It is necessary to take into account the fact that the choice of students in elective classes is based on the principle of voluntariness. Methods. The article expresses the importance of focusing mathematical electives on the development of teaching methods for topics and sections of mathematics that are included in high school programs. Results. 1. It should be noted that the students of mathematical electives themselves prefer creative forms and methods of teaching and strive not to be passive listeners. 2. Characterizing the whole complex of teaching methods used in elective classes in mathematics, it should be noted that in the proper sense of the word teaching methods are used here the same as in teaching the basic course of mathematics. 3. In the general course of mathematics, the teaching method is used only fragmentarily, the essence of which lies in the independent disclosure of new content by students with the unobtrusive help of the teacher. Conclusion. What is described in this article should not be understood as a decisive rejection of lectures in general. On the contrary, under certain conditions, a lecture method of presentation (say, a survey lecture on a complex problem) can be useful.
PROSPEC PROSPECTS OF MONI S OF MONITORING GRADU ORING GRADUATES’ EMPL TES’ EMPLOYMENT IN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khamidov Obidjon Khafizovich , Kahhorov Otabek Siddikovich
Published: April 2021

Background. In the article the authors stated about the need to use digital technologies that provide opportunities to improve the quality of education in the educational system and improve the effective management of competitive personnel training process, to make drastic quality changes in higher education and increase the indicators of employment of graduates, improving the quality of employment monitoring in higher education and other organizations. Materials and methods. The further development of our country, the formation of a high-tech economy, the rapid development of industrial sectors, small and medium-sized businesses provide new opportunities for the realization of the potential of citizens. The main purpose of all stages of education is aimed at providing excellent and high-quality training and service of competitive young specialists. Results. Wherever the transition to the "Digital economy" and "Electronic government" is taking place, it is clear that the burden on the people is reduced, government expenses is reduced, and corruption is prevented. Discussions. In the implementation of youth policy, in order to ensure their employment and take comprehensive support measures, it is first necessary to have a realistic definition of their employment indicators on an individual basis, that is, to have accurate data on employment monitoring
CATALYTIC SYN TIC SYNTHESIS OF PYRIDINES BASED ON THE CRO THESIS OF PYRIDINES BASED ON THE CROTON FRACTION
Authors:   Shakhrisabz branch of TIChT of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tilavov Husan Shomurodovich , Kadirov Hasan Irgashevich
Published: April 2021

Background. The presence in the molecule of pyridine bases of nitrogen atoms having the properties of the bases determines the specificity of the products of this class and gives ample opportunities for their use in various industries. . The chemistry of pyridine bases is associated with such general theoretical issues as the electronic structure of the cycle, aromaticity, the effect of substituents on the reactivity of heterocycles in nucleophilic substitution reactions, and tautomerism. At the same time, systematic data on the reactions of alkylation with dihalo-alkanes, acylation under low-temperature poly-condensation, and complexation were not available to create a complete picture of the reactivity of pyridine bases. Materials and methods. The aim of the work is to develop cheap and convenient methods for the preparation of pyridine bases, to search for effective and selective process catalysts, and to determine the degree of anticorrosion protection of metals of the obtained products.
ENGLISH TRANSL ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF T TION OF TOURISM LEXEMES IN OURISM LEXEMES INTO UZBEK
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sobirova Zarnigor
Published: April 2021

Background. The article describes the concepts that have been formed in different cultures and entered into the terminology system, it is desirable to take them in their own national-private image, because tourism requires the reform of diversity and is built on the basis of diversity. Much of the active terminology of tourism in everyday life has been presented to the potential consumer through transcription and transliteration, and evidence has been cited. Methods. The most objective approach to the aspects of source-language culture is the "gloss", ie the technique of descriptive interpretation. This is because finding a functional alternative to a certain term takes a lot of work and sometimes ends in a completely unsatisfactory result. Neither transliteration nor transcription is always acceptable. But not all realities are so popular. In addition, the culture of the tourism terminology system is constantly expanding due to the languages of different peoples in the process of development.
SYSTEM OF IM STEM OF IMAGES IN GEORGE R.R. M GES IN GEORGE R.R. MARTIN’S F TIN’S FANTASY WORLD
Authors:   Uzbekistan State University of World Languages, Nasriddinov Dilshod Azamkulovich
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The emergence of different genres and trends in literature has led to the creation of various unique works. Thus, creating a novel and accepting it by a reader with positive thoughts demonstrates the skill of the writer. The internal structure of the work plays an important role in it. This scientific article contains scientifically grounded ideas about the genre of the play, its internal structure, a life of author, the secondary world, the system of images in the work and etc. The scientific article is divided into four parts, and we present them on a short explanation. Introduction. There are many genres and trends in world literature and they have led to the birth of rare works. There are so many books that the readers see themselves in another world when they read them. The creation of such works requires a high level of writing skills. In this section, there is expressed opinions about American fantasy and science fiction writer George R.R. Martin and the growing interest of the reader to the novels that he created. Methods. This section presents scientific ideas about the genre of the author's work and the essence of its content
FUNDAMENTALS OF SUST ALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVEL ABLE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC REFORMS
Authors:   The research and commercialization department of the department for development of scientific and innovative activities, Rasulov Sodik Sadullaevich
Published: April 2021

Background. This scientific article examines the theoretical foundations of the policy in agriculture and improvement of its implementation, the composition and trends of agricultural development, the development of agriculture in Uzbekistan, directions for increasing investment and improving the effectiveness of innovative technologies, prospects for the development of agriculture in the regions in the context of globalization. Methods. Although a lot of research has been done in the field of agriculture in our country, the current economic crisis requires a new approach and research on the organization of the economy of the sector. Results. Uzbekistan is pursuing an active policy of agricultural reform. Abandoning cotton exports and focusing on food production, creating clusters instead of scattered farms and ensuring the integration of the agricultural sector with agricultural processing industries are the main directions of state policy in agriculture today.
STUDY OF PESO - PHO Y OF PESO - PHOTORESISTIVE CH ORESISTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF TERISTICS OF TlInSe2 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors:   Bukhara Medical Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Umarov Salim Khallokovich , Ashurov Zhasur Dzhuraevich , Narzullaeva Zilola Mukhitdinovna
Published: April 2021

Objective. The aim of the study is to establish the patterns and mechanisms of the effect of various impurities on the tensoresistive characteristics of TlInSe2 single crystals, as well as in solid solutions based on it. When studying the piezophotoresistive characteristics of TlInSe2 single crystals, it will determine the nature of the effect of uniaxial elastic deformation on the electrical, photoelectric and tensoresistive properties of TlInSe2 crystals. Methods. Crystals synthesized by fusing the components in accordance with stoichiometry in evacuated (~ 10-4 mm Hg) and sealed quartz ampoules were used for the study. Highly pure elements thallium (Tl - 000), indium (In - 000) and selenium (Se - high purity grade - 17 - 4) were used as initial components for the synthesis. Single crystals were grown by the improved Bridgman method, the crystallization front velocity varied from 0.5 to 0.9 mm / h. The samples required for the study were prepared by cleaving the grown single crystals from an ingot by the simplest indentation with a sharp knife, the blade thickness of which is ≤ 0.01 mm, along two mutually perpendicular planes of natural cleavage.
NATIONAL-SPECIFIC AND UNIVERSAL MEANS OF EXPRESSING THE CONCEPTS "WINTER" AND "SUMMER” IN THE RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGE PICTURES OF THE WORLD
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nosirov Otabek Timurovich
Published: April 2021

Background. In this article, Russian will be the source language, and Uzbek will be the language of comparison. Because, despite the structural differences between the Russian and Uzbek languages, our countries have a historical experience of social, cultural, and of course, linguistic interaction. Methods. Given that the language projections of the collective unconscious, in this case the conceptual opposition "winter-summer", do not have blood and racial inheritance, but belong to humanity as a whole, we can conclude that the deep or basic cognitive layers of the concepts of winter and summer in both the Russian and Uzbek languages contain a common, integral and identical basis for all mankind. Results. Thus, we can assume that when leaving for Russia and experiencing its climatic conditions, the Uzbek people acquire other, different from the usual, psychotypes of winter and summer (spring and autumn). Russian- Russian, Russian-Uzbek) understanding of the concepts that make up the concept sphere of the seasons, which are more clearly manifested in the cognitive features of weather conditions and anomalies and seasonal clothing.
THE IMPORTANCE OF LINGUISTIC MODELS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGE BASES GE BASE
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Toirova Guli Ibragimovna
Published: April 2021

Relevance. In Uzbek linguistics, a number of studies have been carried out on automatic translation, the development of the linguistic foundations of the author's corpus, the processing of lexicographic texts and linguistic-statistical analysis. However, the processing of the Uzbek language as the language of the Internet: spelling, automatic processing and translation programs, search programs for various characters, text generation, the linguistic basis of the text corpus and national corpus, the technology of its software is not studied in any monograph. The article discusses such problems as: the transformation of language into the language of the Internet, computer technology, mathematical linguistics, its continuation and the formation and development of computer linguistics, in particular the question of modeling natural languages for artificial intelligence. The Uzbek National Corps plays an important role in enhancing the international status of the Uzbek language.
WORKS OF THE FAMOUS CENTRAL ASIAN SCIENTIST ABU ALI IBN SINA IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICS
Authors:   Bukhara Engineering - Technological Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Vakhobova Malokhat Akhadovna , Akhrorova Munira Ibragimovna
Published: April 2021

Introduction. This article examines the scientific and practical work of the sultan of the science of medicine Abu Ali ibn Sina in the field of physics. In the rare masterpieces created by Ibn Sina, his ideas about the structure of mater, the laws of dynamics, natural phenomena, the eye and vision, the historical data in the correspondence of Ibn Sina and Beruni were studied to explain the essence of the content of physics. Research methods. The actual task of physical science is the movement of bodies under the influence of the same force placed on bodies of different masses, their interaction, the laws of inertia, the lifting of heavy loads to the top, the splitting of solid bodies, the expansion and contraction of bodies from heat to cold, the application of the laws of refraction and return in the field of technology and in the field of the manufacturing sector. Results and discussions.
EXPERIENCE OF THE INVESTIGATION OF ENGLISH COLLOQUIAL SYSTEM
Authors:   Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages, Faleyeva Anastasiya
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The term and the definition of the boundaries of colloquialism confuses scientists and generates different opinions. Some scientists define colloquialism in a narrower sense, referring it to a stylistically reduced vocabulary, which is the opposite of the literary norm. Thus, colloquialisms include mostly substandard vocabulary, which is used mainly in limited speech by individual representatives of the population. Another group of specialists understand the term colloquialism on a wider scale, dividing it into several groups depending on the proximity or remoteness to the literary norm. Research methods. Currently, the study of colloquial speech is becoming one of the most important problems of modern linguistics. The study of colloquial speech at various linguistic levels is becoming increasingly important for a number of reasons. It becomes possible to collect and analyze material on the problems of colloquial words and expressions through the use of such methods of analysis as descriptive, systemic and structural, nominative-derivational, comparative-typological, statistical. Results and discussions. It is important to timely identify the features of the formation of colloquialisms and analyze new trends in terms of the lexical and semantic nature of colloquialisms in modern electronic and printed lexicographic sources, scientific works of foreign authors.
IDEALISTIC STUD IDEALISTIC STUDY OF PRO Y OF PROVERBS IN “Z VERBS IN “ZARBULMASAL” OF GULKHANI
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kodirova Saodat Abdurakhimovna
Published: April 2021

Introduction. "Zarbulmasal" is a unique example of Uzbek prose art, as well as a unique original work in terms of structure, content, language, sharpness of artistic means. A great deal of attention has been given to this work by artistic people, as it’s literary critics, originality in terms of content and ideological direction totally differs from other works. In this article, the ideological, artistic and historical features of “Zarbulmasal” are elucidated. Proverbs are one of the oldest popular genres of Uzbek folklore, which reflects the worldview, attitude to society and moral norms of the people. In this article, spiritual and idealistic features of proverbs are elucidated and salient examples from masterpieces are given. Research methods. In order to better understand how and on what basis the scientific-critical text of the work is based, it is necessary to know and consider the history of the work, the reasons for writing, and then the content, ideological direction, the main plot. It is of paramount importance to have a certain idea about the composition, language, methodological features. Results and discussions.
SCHOOL BULL SCHOOL BULLYING IN THE CON YING IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCI TEXT OF SOCIAL PEDAGOGY
Authors:   Central Council of the Youth Union of Uzbekistan, Kholdarova Indira Abdukarimovna
Published: April 2021

Background. This article attempts to describe school bullying in the context of social pedagogy. The purpose of this article is to concretize the algorithm of social pedagogy in organizing support groups for victims of school bullying. Methods. The study of scientific papers by scientists allowed us to understand that the main method of organizing support groups is to restore a favorable atmosphere in the classroom by involving children themselves. The method of prevention of bullying - "Without blame" - is based on humanistic ideas of innocence of all bullying participants. The technology of appropriate social pedagogical work is a clearly structured process that consists of seven stages. Results and discussions. An approximate algorithm of activities for creating anti-bullying support in an educational organization is recommended for social teachers. Key components of the prevention and response to school violence program are described. Analyzing the above methods, we can highlight core components. Programmes to prevent and respond to school violence: the school director should demonstratively follow the program.
STYLISTIC FEA YLISTIC FEATURES OF IN TURES OF INTONATION
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Haydarov Anvar Askarovich , Navruzova Nigina Hamidovna
Published: April 2021

Abstract. It is known that descriptive phonetics refers to phonetic phenomena such as speech sounds, their formation, types, changes, syllables, intonation, pause, stress, and their peculiarities. These phenomena recorded in the process of speech combine into a single system and form a speech act. This article discusses and comparatively analyzes stylistic features of intonation in the English and Uzbek languages. Background. Therefore, in the analysis and study of such phenomena, it is necessary to study them separately, and to keep in mind that these phenomena require one another, in other words, units that cannot exist without the other. Particularly, vowel sounds, which are stressed, form a syllable, and words are formed from the syllables, a sentence is formed from words, and each word and sentence is pronounced with a specific intonation and pause. In the formation of such a speech chain, the phonetic segment (main part) and supersegment (additional parts) elements are almost identically involved. But they also have some peculiarities while using them
Preoccupation with results can be damaging for young coaches
Authors: Gowling Callum
Published: April 2021

Sports coaching research can portray an overly simplistic picture of the activity leading to young coaches being underprepared for intra-personal conflicts during coaching careers (Cushion, 2006; Jones, 2009; Potrac et al., 2016).  This paper builds on work that shows coaching is emotionally challenging (Thelwell, 2017; Gowling, 2019). Autoethnography illustrates the first authors inner struggles with their perceived effectiveness while trying to prove their worth in the elite junior coaching context.  There are four main findings (1) the performance narrative influences young coaches’ behaviour; (2) inability to assess one’s own effectiveness, without using player results as the sole criteria can have a negative emotional effect on coaches; (3) relational narratives are present in elite junior coaching; (4) provides governing bodies with opportunities to improve the preparation of young coaches for intra-personal challenges related to coaching.
Workshop Penggunaan Microsoft Office Sebagai Penunjang Keterampilan Hard Skill Siswa Pendidikan Dasar
Authors: Prasetijo Hari , Fadli Ari , Bekti Santoso Purwanto , Herry Purnomo Widhiatmoko
Published: April 2021

Dusun Siwarak Kulon merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Desa Watuagung yang terletak di ketinggian 200- 250 MDPL di kawasan hutan pinus Perum Perhutani Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Banyumas. Di sini terdapat sebuah Sekolah Dasar yang ketersediaan fasilitas pendukung pendidikan formal dan kegiatan ekstra yang terbatas. Kemampuan pada penggunaan Microsoft Office merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menunjang pendidikan formal, oleh karena itu  kegiatan workshop penggunaan Microsoft Office untuk pendidikan dasar sangat dibutuhkan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi tentang penggunaan Microsoft Office. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode presentasi materi dan praktik sederhana. Hasil worskhop menunjukan nilai rata-rata pre test peserta adalah 37.39, sedangkan nilai rata-rata post test peserta adalah 72.60.  Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa kegiatan workshop menunjukan adanya dampak peningkatan dalam pemahaman dan ketrampilan peserta dalam penggunaan komputer dan pengoperasian aplikasi Microsft Office.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian dan Prestasi Belajar Menghitung Jarak, Waktu, dan Kecepatan pada Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Marsanto Marsanto
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini berdasarkan atas kondisi nyata rendahnya kemandirian dan prestasi belajar siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Gunungsari, khususnya pada mata pelajaran Matematika dengan materi menghitung  jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan dan guru yang belum menggunakan model pembelajaran yang tepat serta cenderung membosankan bagi siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan: (1) Proses pembelajaran model Snowball Throwing dapat meningkatkan kemandirian dan prestasi belajar  siswa  dalam menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan pada siswa kelas V, (2) Peningkatan kemandirian siswa dalam belajar  menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan setelah dilakukan pembelajaran model Snowball Throwing  pada siswa kelas V, (3) Peningkatan prestasi siswa dalam belajar menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan setelah dilakukan pembelajaran model Snowball Throwing  pada siswa kelas V. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus dan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tiga pertemuan. Prosedur dalam setiap siklus mencakup langkah-langkah: 1) perencanaan, 2) pelaksanaan, 3) pengamatan, 4) refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ini adalah dengan adanya pembelajaran metode snowball throwing, terdapat peningkatan proses pembelajaran yang ditandai dari 4 siswa yang antusias pada prasiklus menjadi 7 siswa pada siklus I, dan meningkat menjadi 9 siswa pada siklus II, adanya peningkatan kemandirian siswa, serta adanya peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa. Terdapat peningkatan kualitas proses pembelajaran yang baik, pada guru maupun siswa.
Interpretasi Geologi Daerah Cidora Dan Sekitarnya, Kecamatan Lumbir, Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Zerlinda Dea Rizqi , Aditama Maulana Rizki
Published: April 2021

Pemetaan geologi diakukan di daerah Cidora dan sekitarnya, Kecamatan Lumbir, Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah. Daerah ini termasuk ke dalam Zona Pematang dan Kubah Zona Depresi Tengah (Van Bemmelen,1949), tepatnya pada zona Pegunungan Serayu Selatan. Pemetaan ini dimaksudkan untuk dapat mengetahui keadaan geologi di daerah pemetaan dan menambah pengetahuan mengenai pemetaan geologi pagi penyusun. Pemetaan geologi dilakukan dengan berbagai tahapan, antara lain tahap pendahuluan yaitu studi pustaka, tahap analisis citra, analisis geomorfologi dan analisis stratigrafi, dan tahap pengolahan data hingga mendapatkan hasil, dan yang terakhir tahap pembuatan laporan. Dari hasil pemetaan yang dilakukan didapatkan beberapa informasi mengenai aspek-aspek geologi. Aspek geomorfologi dari daerah penelitin terdiri dari Satuan Perbukitan Homoklin Karanggayam, Satuan Lembah Antiklin Cidora, dan Satuan Punggungan Blok Sesar Binangun. Stratigrafi daerah penelitian tersusun dari tua ke muda yaitu Satuan Batulempung Sisipan Batupasir, Satuan Perselingan Batupasir Batulempung, dan Satuan Batupasir. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan informasi bahwa daerah ini terendapkan pada lingkungan bathyal tengah - neritik luar pada Miosen Tengah hingga Pliosen. Struktur geologi yang terdapat di daerah ini yaitu struktur lipatan antiklin yang membentang dari arah Baratlaut (NW) – Tenggara (SE) dan sesar geser kiri. Proses yang masih berlanjut hingga kini yaitu proses eksogen berupa erosi yang mengakibatkan daerah penelitihan memiliki kondisi seperti sekarang.
Hubungan Personal Hygiene dan Sanitasi dengan Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar disekitar TPA
Authors: Saskyarasmi Sarah paramita , Permata Sari Octavia , Munfiah Siti
Published: April 2021

Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) termasuk dalam “neglected tropical infectious disease”. Prevalensi infeksi STH tertinggi didapatkan pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang dihubungkan dengan tingginya kejadian infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar seperti, personal hygiene dan sanitasi yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan personal hygiene dan sanitasi dengan infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar di sekitar TPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan cara mengkaji 25 artikel yang telah terpilih sesuai kriteria yang ditentukan. Pencarian artikel dilakukan pada mesin pencari elektronik Google Scholar dan Directory of Open Access Journal menggunakan kata kunci, yaitu : Soil Transmitted Helminths, personal hygiene, sanitasi, anak usia sekolah dasar dan lingkungan TPA. Prevalensi infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar di sekitar TPA ditemukan 17,3%-24,8%. Sedangkan prevalensi infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar yang tidak tinggal di sekitar TPA ditemukan 6,8%-48,32%. 8 dari 11 penelitian menemukan adanya hubungan bermakna antara personal hygiene dengan infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar. 2 dari 4 penelitian menemukan adanya hubungan bermakna antara sanitasi dengan infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Daerah TPA berdampak pada kesehatan dan dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit salah satunya kecacingan. Beberapa literatur menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara personal hygiene dan sanitasi dengan infeksi STH pada anak usia sekolah dasar.
Bankruptcy Risk and Financial Performance of Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand
Authors: Chaiyakul Thitima
Published: April 2021

Financial performance is an important issue for entrepreneurs and investors. So far the number of studies on the effect of bankruptcy risk on financial performance of firms is small. Hence, this research investigates the impact of bankruptcy risk on financial performance of companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand and the relevant data cover the period between 2015 and 2019. Excluded are companies operating in the finance industry. The data are analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Altman’s Z-score (1968) is used as a proxy for bankruptcy risk while ROA, ROE, and Tobin’s Q serve as proxies for financial performance. The control variables in this study are liquidity, capital structure, firm size, and inflation rate. Results reveal that Altman’s Z-score and firm size statistically and positively affect financial performance proxied by both accounting-based-measures, i.e. ROA and ROE; and market-based measures, i.e. Tobin’s Q. These results confirm that companies listed on Thailand’s Stock Exchange have low bankruptcy risk and large size is financially performed well.
Public Sector Accounting in Europe: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Fernandes Helio Corguinho , Pita Joao Lopes , Jesus Jose Domingues , Camara Guilherme Martins
Published: April 2021

There has been an increased interest in public sector accounting research due to the changing standards worldwide with harmonization on the horizon. Despite this trend, there is still a lack of comprehension of national and local governments’ role in adopting and improving the international standards to enhance accountability, transparency and developing a more consistent and evolved society. This article aims to systematically review the literature on public accounting in European countries by examining the research trends.The analysis is developed through a bibliometric study based on three keywords: “Public Sector”, “Accounting”, and “Europe”. We systematically analyze the articles in the Web of Science database.This work presents several articles through a bibliometric study based on defined keywords. To define the relationship between the articles and the most cited authors, we based the systematic analysis on the aggregation of articles by clusters.In the last twenty years, public accounting in Europe has undergone significant changes, adapting to needs and innovations, which the most prominent resides in new accounting standards.Adopting International Public Sector Accounting Standards can benefit countries that introduce them into their system, namely increasing the system’s responsibility and transparency.Research is inevitably limited by the impact of public accounting changes in Europe and governments’ responses to social, economic and fiscal environments.This systematic review shed light on the challenges that public management has faced recently.
Modernising the Constitution - A Parliament Act
Authors: McBain Graham
Published: April 2021

Modernising the Constitution - A Parliament Act.
Reviewer Acknowledgements, Vol. 15, No. 2, April 2021
Authors: Lee Sunny
Published: April 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements, Vol. 15, No. 2, April 2021
Intervenções educacionais e subjetividade: o desafio da ação concreta em investigações científicas
Authors: Kim Leila Maria Vieira , Dias Elaine Teresinha Dal Mas
Published: April 2021

Este artigo mapeia o lugar ocupado pelas intervenções educacionais no conhecimento científico na contemporaneidade. O objetivo é democratizar informações básicas sobre intervenção social, para nela incluir novos pesquisadores que atuam na área educacional. Para isso, sintetizamos questões teóricas e práticas que permeiam a construção do conhecimento em ciências de fronteira e de vanguarda, bem como a ruptura causada pelas intervenções, enquanto ciência aplicada na área socioeducacional. Consideramos a importância desta técnica científica de pesquisa em situações de turbulência decorrentes de crises, que demandam soluções mais adequadas ao momento sociocultural, econômico e político em que vivemos. Exemplificamos sua aplicação em projetos de pesquisa-ação instrumentalizados pelo psicodrama pedagógico articulado à psicanálise, em programas participativos da sociedade civil e do Estado; na inter-relação professor-aluno para a aquisição da leitura e escrita; em grupo de idosos e em sala de aula de curso de pós-graduação, em uma universidade portuguesa.
Reach
Authors: Braidwood Mark ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2021

Should we know the story of the lives of those who produce the products we purchase? Do we have an obligation to only buy ethically sourced goods? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Jack Benson gives his child a prototype toy from his company as a Christmas present. When they check the toy battery compartment, they find a sad poem written in Chinese. Jack decides to fly to China and visit the factory where the toy is produced. He pays an employee to read the poem over the factory floor loudspeaker. A woman on the factory line stands up in acknowledgement, then humbly returns to her work. Later, after the shift, she slips him a book of her writings, presumably, expressing more thoughts and emotions about her life.
Take-Em!
Authors: Williams Charles ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2021

At what point is a discussion a debate, and at what point is it undue pressure? Is all unwanted pressure a kind of manipulation and violence? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, the narrator is invited by his father to go duck hunting as part of their bonding time. The narrator wants to spend time with his father, but expresses ethical concerns about hunting ducks. The father asserts hunting is a natural part of human evolution. The debate continues as the narrator decides to go on the hunt, but is undecided if he will pull the trigger. The story ends with father and son in the blind just at the moment before the narrator must decide if he is going to pull the trigger.
On Our Hands
Authors: Hoyt Joanna Michal ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2021

When is “reasonable discussion” no longer an option? Under what conditions are we no longer required to listen and consider the opinions of others? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, the elderly narrator has two children who are no longer speaking to each other because of the upcoming election. One child supports liberal, open immigration policies, while the other supports the populist, emotional, and charismatic leader who believes in shutting down borders. There is a rally, and a counter-rally. The two protesting groups begin to merge for a pending street conflict. To stop the conflict, the narrator walks into the street with a bag of groceries, intentionally slips, and injures herself. She is helped up by her nursing aid, Asael, and members of the two conflicting groups. The video of the groups working together goes viral, making both seem like reasonable people. The populist candidate wins the election by a narrow margin and passes his anti-immigration laws. Shortly thereafter, Asael is in a car accident, and it deported to the violent country of his birth while his legal wife and family stay in the United States. Asael is tortured and killed in his home country. The narrator regrets ever having tried to stay moderate in the discussion, and regrets her role in making the populist candidate seem reasonable.
Ethical and Political-Economic Dimensions and Potential Reforms of the Hybrid Leveraged, High Frequency, Artificial Intelligence Trading Model
Authors: Nielsen Richard P. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

The average annual profits before fees of the $10 billion plus Renaissance Technologies’ hybrid Medallion “Leveraged, High Frequency, Artificial Intelligence (LHFAI)” trading hedge fund between 1988 and 2019 were about 66 percent. Total trading profits during this period were over $100 billion. The fund has never had a losing year. The fund is not open to the general public. First, distinctions among, in more or less historical order, the traditional market-maker trading model, the hedge fund trading model, the artificial intelligence trading model, and the hybrid LHFAI trading model are discussed. Second, the micro components of the LHFAI trading model are explained in the context of Renaissance Technologies’ Medallion Fund. Third, key positive contributions of the model with respect to profitability, low annual volatility, market liquidity, and intellectual property development; negative ethical issues concerning exclusive access, tax fairness, financial transparency, shared responsibility for losses and systemic risk, and short vs. long-term capital allocation are discussed. Potential reforms that retain the positives, reduce the negatives, and that could positively transform the model are discussed. Fourth, potential impacts that the potential reforms might have on the macro LHFAI form of finance capitalism and the larger finance capitalism political-economic system are considered. Fifth, conclusions are offered and discussed.
Re-envisioning the Philosophy Classroom through Metaphors
Authors: Arango Alejandro , Howard Maria ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

What is a philosophy class like? What roles do teachers and students play? Questions like these have been answered time and again by philosophers using images and metaphors. As philosophers continue to develop pedagogical approaches in a more conscious way, it is worth evaluating traditional metaphors used to understand and structure philosophy classes. In this article, we examine two common metaphors—the sage on the stage, and philosophy as combat—and show why they fail pedagogically. Then we propose five metaphors—teaching philosophy as world-traveling, wondering, conducting an orchestra, storytelling, and coaching—that can better respond to the needs of increasingly diverse student bodies. Further, these metaphors find their ground in long-standing beliefs about what philosophy is, how it is done, and what it can do for those willing to engage in it. While no single one of them is comprehensive, we think that these models can help us enliven our own thinking about our teaching and the roles we and our students play in our classrooms.
The Role of Endoscopy in Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Yoon Ji Yoon , Kumta Nikhil A. , Kim Michelle Kang
Published: April 2021

Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent approximately one-third of NETs of the gastrointestinal tract, and their incidence is increasing. When determining if endoscopic resection is appropriate, endoscopic ultrasound is used to assess the lesion size and depth of invasion for duodenal NETs. A number of techniques, including endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), band-assisted EMR (band-EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and over-the-scope clip-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR), have been studied; however, the best technique for endoscopic resection remains unclear. The vast majority of currently available data are retrospective, and prospective studies with longer follow-up times are required. For jejunal and ileal NETs, endoscopic techniques such as video capsule endoscopy (VCE) and balloon enteroscopy (BE) assist in diagnosis. This includes localization of the primary NET in metastatic disease where initial workup has been negative, and the identification of multifocal disease, which may change management and prognostication.
Assessing and Classification of Academic Efficiency in Engineering Teaching Programs
Authors: De La Hoz Enrique , Zuluaga Rohemi , Mendoza Adel
Published: April 2021

This research uses a three-phase method to evaluate and forecast the academic efficiency of engineering programs. In the first phase, university profiles are created through cluster analysis. In the second phase, the academic efficiency of these profiles is evaluated through Data Envelopment Analysis. Finally, a machine learning model is trained and validated to forecast the categories of academic efficiency. The study population corresponds to 256 university engineering programs in Colombia and the data correspond to the national examination of the quality of education in Colombia in 2018. In the results, two university profiles were identified with efficiency levels of 92.3% and 97.3%, respectively. The Random Forest model presents an Area under ROC value of 95.8% in the prediction of the efficiency profiles. The proposed structure evaluates and predicts university programs’ academic efficiency, evaluating the efficiency between institutions with similar characteristics, avoiding a negative bias toward those institutions that host students with low educational levels.
Brand-Related User-Generated Content in Simulation Video Games: Qualitative Research Among Polish Players
Authors:   University of Economics in Katowice, Hofman-Kohlmeyer Magdalena
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The article sought to answer research questions regarding investigated branded content generated by players in simulation video games. How does the process work in video games? What are the characteristics of branded user-generated content in video games? To what extent players are willing to participate in branded content creation? Methodology: I conducted 20 in-depth interviews among Polish players, with the application of snowball sampling. The study participants were adult users of chosen simulation video games: The Sims, Second Life, and Euro Truck Simulator 2. Findings: We can distinguish content based on game mechanism, official add-ons, or game modding. Players frequently check some brands from a set offered by game developers and create content (e.g. in The Sims users can design house interiors with IKEA furniture). Some players are not satisfied by what a game offers and generate content based on modding (e.g. DHL trucks or McDonald’s restaurants inside the Euro Truck Simulator 2). In this respect, the article refers to Smith’s, Fischer’s, and Yongjian’s content dimensions. Branded game modifications described by respondents are characterized by a high level of similarity towards real brands and positive brand sentiment (valence). I noted no statement about player and marketer (brand) communication in gathered material. The biggest challenge for practitioners in the field of UGC in video games is how to manage brand messages. Practical Implications: Brand-related user-generated content is an important phenomenon in terms of the brand-building process and its impact on brand reception, which all require marketers’ attention. For game developers, such a content is a source of information about customer expectations. Players show their personal expectations by game modding. Originality/Value: Brand-related content generated by users is frequently associated with social media. The scholarship shows a lack of knowledge of branded user-generated content in video games.
A literatura em questão: sobre a responsabilidade da instituição literária
Authors: Natali Marcos
Published: April 2021

Os nove capítulos de A literatura em questão são compostos por reflexões a respeito da relação entre literatura e ética. A preocupação de fundo do livro é com a “responsabilidade literária”, isto é, com o modo como a instituição literária responde, ou se recusa a responder, a inquirições sobre as relações entre a literatura e os direitos humanos, a sala de aula, as discursividades indígenas, o luto, o racismo, a loucura e a violência. Nesse exercício, o interesse pela literatura advém da percepção de que ela é um território privilegiado para a dramatização de fantasias associadas à democracia, em particular a crença na possibilidade infinita de inclusão da alteridade e de sua assimilação sem atrito.
Liraglutide-induced structural modulation of the gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shang Junjie , Liu Fang , Zhang Bing , Dong Kunlun , Lu Man , Jiang Rongfeng , Xu Yue , Diao Le , Zhao Jiangman , Tang Hui
Published: April 2021

Accumulating evidence has suggested the importance of gut microbiota in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, 40 patients with T2DM were treated with liraglutide for 4 months. Feces samples and clinical characteristics were collected from these 40 T2DM patients before and after the liraglutide treatment. The diversity and composition of gut microbiota in the two groups were determined by sequencing the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Meanwhile, blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid metabolism were also measured in the pre- and post-liraglutide-treatment groups. We find that Baseline HbA1c was associated with liraglutide treatment response (R2 = 0.527, β =  − 0.726, p < 0.0001). After adjusted for baseline HbA1c, blood urea nitrogen was associated with liraglutide treatment response. Besides, our results showed reduced gut microbial alpha diversity, different community structure distribution and altered microbial interaction network in patients treated with liraglutide. The liner discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that 21 species of bacteria were abundant in the pre-liraglutide-treatment group and 15 species were abundant in the post-liraglutide-treatment group. In addition, we also find that Megamonas were significantly correlated with older age, diabetes duration and diabetic retinopathy, Clostridum were significantly correlated with family history of diabetes and Oscillospira were significantly correlated with both diabetic retinopathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Functional analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and cluster of orthologous groups (COG) annotations enriched three KEGG metabolic pathways and six functional COG categories in the post-liraglutide-treatment group. In conclusion, our research suggests that baseline HbA1c, blood urea nitrogen and gut microbiota are associated with the liraglutide treatment applied on patients with T2DM. These findings may contribute to the beneficial effects of liraglutide against diabetes.