bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exercise tolerance testing
Authors: Gaunt Helen
Published: December 2018

The exercise tolerance test (ETT) is widely used in the diagnosis and management of coronary heart disease (CHD). We know that early diagnosis and treatment of CHD improves long-term health and quality of life. The test is also used in the management of other conditions including arrhythmias and valvular heart disease, and is a standard test in the assessment of fitness for occupational drivers. Although no longer the firstline investigation for undiagnosed CHD, the ETT remains a useful investigation that can be performed quickly and safely without the need for expensive equipment. Results are available at the time of testing, which may be especially reassuring for the worried well. There are a number of contraindications to the use of this investigation, so patients must be carefully evaluated prior to and during testing. Communication of results to the patient and general practitioner is essential to ensure appropriate treatment.
Collaborative working at Liverpool Centre of Cardiovascular Science
Authors: Jones Ian
Published: December 2018

Liverpool appears to be undergoing a renaissance, but so too is the nursing profession, with the newly launched Liverpool Centre of Cardiovascular Science and its philosophy for equitable collaborative working at the forefront. Ian Jones discusses what the Centre brings for nurses, research and CVD
Integrating physician associates into the health workforce: barriers and facilitators
Authors: Szeto Matthew CH , Till Alex , McKimm Judy
Published: December 2018

Physician associates have been identified as a potential solution to the shortage of health-care workers in the UK, but the introduction of physician associates has not been universally welcomed and some uncertainty exists around their specific roles. This review enhances understanding of the barriers and facilitators for integrating physician associates into the workforce and identifies six key themes to inform future policy decisions at local and national levels.
The faecal immunochemical test in low risk patients with suspected bowel cancer
Authors: D'Souza Nigel , Abulafi Muti
Published: December 2018

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence produced guidance recommending use of the faecal immunochemical test in patients with low risk symptoms for colorectal cancer. At a cut off of 10 μg haemoglobin per gram of faeces, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence estimated that the sensitivity of the faecal immunochemical test to detect colorectal cancer ranged from 89% to 100%. The authors evaluated the evidence and noted that the data for the use of the faecal immunochemical test were extrapolated from all comers including high risk patients. Data on low risk patients were scarce and weak. Furthermore, faecal immunochemical test results vary by age, sex, deprivation, ethnicity and symptoms. Large national cohort studies are currently underway investigating the role of the faecal immunochemical test in the English population. Clear clinical pathways and rigorous safety netting are essential and should be part of implementing these guidelines to avoid missed cancers.
Parameterization of SSM Model to Analyze Wheat Growth and Yield Potential Under Pakdasht Conditions
Authors: Azad Hamed , Abbas Akbar Gholam , Ali Akbari Gholam , Soltani Elias
Published: December 2018

Simulation models of crops are used for experimental and complementary research on field projects. These models are also useful for interpreting the results and examining agricultural systems under different environmental and management conditions. The aim of this study was to describe a model for wheat (SSM), guarantee wheat cultivars in a genetic discussion in the Pakdasht environment, and present the results of its evaluation. The model of phenological stages, growth, and aging of leaf area and the production and distribution of dry matter simulates water function and balance. The SSM model simulates the growth stages of the plant in response to environmental factors, heat, and the ability to access solar radiation. In order to evaluate the SSM model, field experiment data of two wheat cultivars—SW and Pishtaz—were used as factorial, based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. Subsequently, the parameters were evaluated, the model was tested in accordance with independent data, and the results indicate its acceptance for the main aspects of crops compared to the observed experiments—for example, for SW, we have 1830 GDD to 2310 GDD from pollination to treatment and extinction factor in Pishtaz is 0.71 and PLAPOW coefficient is 1.6484±.063, which can finally be used to simulate these figures.
Respiratory Symptoms, Knowledge and Attitude among Male Smoker Students in Mutah University, Jordan
Authors: Alnawaiseh Nedal , Rawashdeh Arwa , Salahat Samar , Ajarmeh Salma
Published: December 2018

Smoking phenomenon has become one of the leading public health burdens. Smoking prevalence among university students in Jordan was unexpectedly elevated, with a lot of serious respiratory consequences like respiratory symptoms, diseases and lung function impairment. The chief purpose of this study was to assess the adverse respiratory health impact of smoking, also to evaluate student’s attitudes toward and knowledge about smoking habit among Mutah university male students. A cross sectional design was chosen. Using a randomly selected, cluster sampling technique at Mutah University students including all colleges and levels, the total participants were 204 male students (Jordanian). A per-designed questionnaire was used to collect information adopted from Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), and anthropometrics measurements and lung function indices following the standard recommendations (ATS). Health indicators were calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver.22). A higher, shocking prevalence was identified (71%); adverse respiratory health effects were noticed, in addition to pulmonary function tests impairments, other important findings were poor knowledge of the study participants about smoking hazards, and positive attitude toward smoking. The smoking rate among male university students was very high; nevertheless most of them have short duration of smoking the respiratory health impact was noticed. Most of current smokers (male students) have the desire to quit smoking. Antismoking campaign was highly recommended among Jordanian university students In order to encourage a smoking free life style, additionally leisure time activities should be incorporated.
Assessment of Saudi Public Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness towards Oral Benefits of Probiotics: A Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: A Faden Asma’a , Alotaibi AlFulwah Mofarreh , Alnofaie Hourya Sanat , Alsuhaibani Nohair Nasser , Al Dosary Sara Nasser
Published: December 2018

Little is known about probiotic consumption or beliefs, in spite of its enhanced availability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of Saudi publics towards the oral benefits of probiotics. The web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 600 Saudi individuals through a questionnaire which was randomly distributed through online social media. Each of them was asked to complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data and took a probiotic knowledge test. Probiotic knowledge was significantly linked with marital status, gender and those who are working in the health field, Majority of them were females (87.1%) being more knowledgeable than males (79.9%). The highest percentages of participants who heard about beneficial bacteria were those who are in the age group 36-45 years old at 87.3%, highly educated at 87.5%, postgraduates at 89.2%, married at 88.9%, and those who are working in the health field at 94.4%. Although beneficial, lack of sufficient knowledge concerning probiotics restricted its usage among few respondents. There is a need for further education and promotion of the general public in regards to the definition, oral benefits, sources and usage of probiotics.
A Survey: Virtual Reality Model for Medical Diagnosis
Authors: Pareek Tanvi G , Mehta Urja , Amali D Geraldine Bessie , Gupta Anisha
Published: December 2018

Virtual reality is a new and a very revolutionizing concept and its progress in the field of medical diagnosis is taking this technology to another level. Simulators of virtual reality give essential aptitude for preparing in a controlled domain, operating patients free of pressure without supervision. These skills acquired can then be utilized in the training room. In medical applications virtual reality can be utilized for better picture control, enhanced picture understanding, enhanced quantitative correlations, and better planning of surgery. Not only has the virtual environment provided in the virtual reality helped the patients to cope with stress associated before the surgery but also helped in the reduction of pain. In this paper we have mainly focused on incorporating Virtual Reality in treatment of three diseases-breast cancers, colon cancer and Alzheimer’s. Also, we have made a comparison of the traditional methods, which already exist to treat the above diseases with the methods incorporating virtual reality. Finally we have stated the benefits of using virtual reality over traditional methods.
The Flavonoid Glycosides Antioxidant From Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum )
Authors: RakaAstiti Asih Ida Ayu , Putra Manuaba Ida Bagus , Berata Ketut , Satriyasa BagusKomang
Published: December 2018

The Kintamani community in Bali uses the Solanum betaceum as a vegetable or herbal medicine to treat sprue disease. This study aims to isolate flavonoid glycosides and prove the activity of flavonoid glycoside extract of n-butanol, as an antioxidant. The separation of n-butanol extracts was carried out by column chromatography and then identified by FTIR, UV-Vis and LC-MS/MS spectrometry. Three flavonoid glycosides were isolated and identified from 5 and 6 fractions of n butanol extract namely Quercetin 3-O rhamnoside, Routine and Kaempferol 3-O rutinoside. The three flavonoid glycoside compounds have strong antioxidant activity with DPPH Test. These results indicated the potential of terong belanda fruit as a source of natural antioxidants for health management.
Design of Smart Shopping Enabler For Visually Challenged People
Authors: Keerthana S. , Ainul Inaya S. , Abarna S.
Published: December 2018

India has changed the four decade old definition of blindness as “A person who is unable to count the fingers at a distance of 3 meters rather than the earlier count of 6 meters”. This is to reduce the count of blind people in India and to bring in line with the criteria of world health organization (WHO). By this the population count of blind people will be reduced from 1.20 crore to 80 lakh. This great population not only in India but also many countries faces a major challenge i.e shopping independently. They aspire for an independent life. They have to depend on others for buying the products they are in need of. Our project aims at facilitating the visually impaired customers to identify the products in the supermarket, guiding the customers to navigate through all the sections and to automate billing. The user need not stand in long queue for billing the items bought. This eliminates assistance and provides a friendly shopping environment to the customers.
Comparing the Shear Bond Strength with Acrylic Teeth, Hardness, Surface Roughness and Cost-benefit of three Different Denture Base Materials
Authors: Al-somaiday Humam M. , Moudhaffer M. A. Mohammed , Alsamydai Mahmood Jasim
Published: December 2018

One of the major problem affecting the denture function is the detachment of the artificial teeth from denture as a result to the higher chewing capacity that will rise the risk of artificial teeth displacement. Displacement of the teeth may precede by changing in the material properties affecting the denture function that is why surface roughness and hardness considered as a predictor for the material behaviors and performance. Replacing a denture may cause a burden to the patients, hence, the material and fabrication coasts of dentures should be considered as one of the major factors affecting the selection of the denture base material, as in some cases a base material with impressive propertied limitedly used because of its expenses.[1] In this study, shear bond strength with acrylic teeth, hardness, surface roughness and the net benefits, associated with alternatives for achieving defined treatment objective, were evaluated by comparing some properties of three different denture base materials with the cost of each one in Iraq. A total of (90) specimens of polycarbonate, injectable acrylic and conventional heat cured acrylic were fabricated according to manufacturer’s instructions and divided into (3) groups, (30) specimens for each testing group i.e. the shear bond strength with acrylic teeth, shore D hardness and surface roughness (10 specimens for each testing material). the total cost of each specimens group was collected and calculated to evaluate the overall cost benefit of each material. Highly significant differences (P≤ 0.01) between all the (3) experimental materials were noticed after analyzing each test's results with descriptive statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD, except for the shore D hardness whereas a non-significant differences(P> 0.05) between heat cured and injectable acrylic was found. The heat cured acrylic has the highest mean value of the shear bond strength with acrylic teeth (516.1 N) followed by the injectable acrylic with (329.9 N) mean value while the lowest mean value was for the Polycarbonate (180.1 N). Furthermore, the injectable acrylic has the highest mean value in shore D hardness (91.96), followed by the heat cured acrylic (91.5), then Polycarbonate (82.94). As for surface roughness, the Polycarbonate has the highest mean value (0.31703) followed by the injectable acrylic (0.2129), then the heat cured acrylic (0.10367). Finally, Polycarbonate has the highest mean value of the specimens’ cost in Iraq (10.022 US dollar /specimens), followed by the injectable acrylic (8.695 US dollar /specimens) then the heat cured acrylic (3.243 US dollar /specimens). All thermoplastic materials included in this study (Injectable acrylic and Polycarbonate) exhibited higher cost with lower properties in comparison with heat cured acrylic material for the selected tests.
Immunotherapy Using Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered T Cells: A Novel Cellular Therapy with Important Implications for the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Thibodeaux Suzanne R , Milone Michael C
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

We have entered a new era of cancer therapy, with a number of immune-based therapies already used clinically as a standard of care. Adoptive cellular immunotherapy using T cells genetically modified with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) represents a novel therapeutic approach. CAR-T cells have produced clinical responses in B-cell malignancies that are otherwise refractory to conventional therapies. Two CAR-T cell therapies obtained regulatory approval in 2017, with many more of these therapies under clinical development.

CONTENT

This review focuses on the current state of adoptive cellular immunotherapy, specifically CAR-T cells, in the clinic and how this therapy differs from traditional small molecule and biologic therapies. Areas in which the clinical laboratory is affected by these novel therapies are discussed. Opportunities for the clinical laboratory to help guide these therapies are also highlighted.

The clinical laboratory will play an integral role in the care of patients undergoing adoptive cellular therapy with engineered T cells. There are many ways that this new therapeutic approach affects the clinical laboratory, and the clinical laboratory will likely play a critical role in managing patients that are treated with CAR-T cell therapy.
Developing roles for Hox proteins in hindbrain gene regulatory networks
Authors: Ghosh Priyanjali , Sagerström Charles G.
Published: December 2018

Hox proteins have long been known to function as transcriptional regulators during development of the vertebrate hindbrain. In particular, these factors are thought to play key roles in assigning distinct fates to the rhombomere segments arising in the embryonic hindbrain. However, it remains uncertain exactly how the Hox proteins fit into the regulatory networks controlling hindbrain formation. For instance, it is unclear if Hox proteins fulfill similar roles in different rhombomeres and if they are absolutely required for all aspects of each rhombomere fate. Recent advances in the discovery, characterization and functional analysis of hindbrain gene regulatory networks is now allowing us to revisit these types of questions. In this review we focus on recent data on the formation of caudal rhombomeres in vertebrates, with a specific focus on zebrafish, to derive an up-to-date view of the role for Hox proteins in the regulation of hindbrain development.
The genetics and the molecular functions of the PREP1 homeodomain transcription factor
Authors: Purushothaman Divya , Blasi Francesco
Published: December 2018

Prep1 (pKnox1) is a homeodomain transcription factor of the TALE superclass whose members can act as co-factors of Hox. Prep1 is essential for embryogenesis, but in the adult it also acts as a tumor suppressor. We describe and analyze here the available mutant mice, their phenotypes and a few discordant cases. Moreover we specify the basic rules underlying the binding of Prep1 and its TALE partners to DNA, and their plasticity during embryonic development. We finally review recent data on Prep1 which indicate a very basic cellular function at the level of DNA replication and DNA damage.
O ESPAÇO-TEMPO DO REFÚGIO FORÇADO: OS ALDEAMENTOS COLONIAIS NA FORMAÇÃO DO ESTADO?
Authors: Castela Tiago
Published: December 2018

Em tempos de uma suposta crise de refugiados, é urgente uma genealogia das actuais concepções de refúgio na Europa, examinando como articulam uma racionalidade colonial, elidindo os persistentes circuitos desiguais de trabalho e subjectividade entre estados europeus e territórios historicamente ocupados. O artigo defende que os estudos do ambiente construído podem contribuir para este projecto devido à sua atenção às dimensões do espaço-tempo social de refúgio, relacionando política, desigualdade, e fantasia. Recorda o aldeamento colonial europeu de meados do século passado enquanto espaço de deslocamento forçado que ensaia a relação do estado com o sujeito refugiado, concentrando-se numa revisão da literatura existente sobre o programa de aldeamento colonial português em Moçambique.
A CASA-ATELIER DE ANTÓNIO TEIXEIRA LOPES: UM MICROCOSMO OITOCENTISTA
Authors: Ribeiro Marta Barbosa , Brites Joana
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo visa analisar formal e iconograficamente a casa-atelier de António Teixeira Lopes, relacionando-a com a vida privada e social do escultor, com a arquitetura e a mundividência românticas. Parte-se da caracterização da casa-atelier enquanto refúgio e palco do artista, articulando a sua emergência com a entrada da arte na esfera pública. Contextualiza-se a construção da casa-atelier de Teixeira Lopes no âmbito do seu trajeto pessoal e profissional e examina-se a dinâmica espacial da mesma. Finalmente, decodificam-se os discursos iconográficos reunidos no edifício. A convivência de alusões à identidade do artista com a apropriação eclética de correntes artísticas e ornamentos passíveis de uma leitura iniciática ou esotérica é interpretada à luz do século XIX português.
NOS ESCOMBROS DO REAL A FICÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIA EVASIVA (NA PRÓPRIA FICÇÃO): MEMÓRIA, IMAGINAÇÃO E REALIDADE NO ROMANCE DISTÓPICO DE MARGARET ATWOOD THE HANDMAID’S TALE (1985)
Authors: Mangerona Ricardo Afonso
Published: December 2018

Analisando o percurso nocturno (nos sete capítulos “Noite”) da protagonista, pretende-se mostrar como nele opera um processo de reconstrução do real próximo da criação ficcional. O processo, com base, a um tempo, na imaginação e memória afectiva da heroína e em fragmentos da realidade factual, proporciona-lhe, até certo momento da narrativa, um mecanismo de defesa e abrigo (nocturno) perante a realidade decadente (diurna), mas acaba por se perverter, também ele, contagiado pela mesma decadência. Partimos, para essa análise, do conceito ricoeuriano de utopia, enquanto deformação compensatória da realidade, e do exemplo clássico de D. Quixote, sem, contudo, orientar a reflexão num estudo de natureza comparativa. Conclui-se com a utilidade do engenho na validação alegórica da narrativa distópica.
REFÚGIOS DOS AFRO-AMERICANOS CARTOGRAFADOS NA OBRA BETWEEN THE WORLD AND ME DE AUTORIA DE TA-NEHISI COATES
Authors: Branco Luís Carlos S.
Published: December 2018

No rescaldo do movimento de protesto Black Lives Matter, motivado pela morte de jovens afro-americanos às mãos da polícia, Ta-Nehisi Coates, poeta e jornalista afro-americano, deu a lume em 2015 a obra Between the World and Me. Nela, o autor traça uma cartografia literária de espaços geográficos, respeitantes a comunidades urbanas afro-americanas, que na sua co-relação com o racismo se enquadram na categoria de refúgios. Tendo sempre em consideração que não se pode fazer deduções abusivas a partir da experiência individual de Coates, extrapolando-a a toda a comunidade afro-americana,proponho-me mapear criticamente esses espaços, esses refúgios dos afro-americanos, representados na obra em apreço.
Portais de globalização: portos e caminhos de ferro no contexto colonial português (c. 1870 – c. 1910)
Authors: Pereira Hugo Silveira
Published: December 2018

A partir de 1870 Portugal transferiu da metrópole para o ultramar um ambicioso programa de obras públicas influenciado pelas promessas saint‑simonistasde progresso e criação de civilizações de circulação, com as quais os engenheiros portugueses haviam contactado desde a década de 1820. Até às vésperas da I Guerra Mundial, milhares de quilómetros de linhas foram assentes através daqueles territórios, ligando‑os a portos vizinhos. O objetivo dos tecnocratas nacionais passava por fomentar a exploração colonial e aumentar o seu comércio externo, mas ao mesmo tempo, induzir um nacionalismo baseado na tecnologia e cimentar a soberania nacional nos seus domínios ultramarinos, cobiçados, na altura, por outras nações europeias mais poderosas. Neste artigo,proponho analisar esta retórica contraditória e estas infraestruturas coloniais como portais de globalização, entendidos como “aqueles lugares que têm sido centros de trocas mundiais ou comunicações globais, têm servido como pontos de entrada para transferências culturais e onde se desenvolveram instituições e práticas para lidar com as ligações globais”. Focar‑me‑ei em três momentos decisivos deste processe histórico (o processo de tomada de decisão, a construção e a operação) para analisar até que ponto a globalização (do comércio, know‑how e ideias) foi fomentada ou restringida.
Los monasterios cistercienses gallegos en la etapa final del Antiguo Régimen
Authors: Saavedra Pegerto
Published: December 2018

En la historiografía española está muy arraigado el presupuesto de que de que las instituciones eclesiásticas, y en especial las monásticas, llegaron a la exclaustración y desamortización de 1835 en una situación ruinosa, en buena medida por la oposición al pago de rentas, que se presume generalizadadesde la guerra de la Independencia y las Cortes de Cádiz. Ahora bien, el estudio de las ricas contabilidades de los monasterios cistercienses de Galicia, numerosos y a menudo opulentos, pone de manifiestos que los monjes bernardos llegaron a la exclaustración cobrando casi en su totalidad las rentas en especie estipuladas en los contratos de foro. Pero a la vez, el análisis de la situación financiera de esas instituciones permite observar una realidad un pocodiferente, pues desde principios del siglo xix, con matices según los casos, los balances de ingresos y gastos tendieron a deteriorarse y no pocas veces los religiosos se vieron obligados a recurrir a expedientes diversos para hacer frente a los déficits más o menos graves. No obstante, cuando se consultan en detalle tanto los libros de caja como los referidos a gastos en pleitos se comprueba que la raíz de los problemas de liquidez no está tanto en una resistencia, supuestamente extendida, de los colonos al pago de las pensiones forales y de los diezmos mayores cuanto en factores de tipo político-fiscal y coyuntural, que sumados unos a otros tuvieron en ocasiones una incidencia grave en los balances de ingresos y gastos.
Angela Nicholls, Almshouses in Early Modern England. Charitable Housing in the Mixed Economy of Welfare, 1550-1725, Woodbridge, The Boydell Press, 2017, 279 p.
Authors: Silva Pedro J. Barbosa da
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/0870-4147_49_15
SCHILLING, Heinz, Martin Luther, rebel in an age of upheaval, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, 608 p.
Authors: Faria Ana Santiago
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/0870-4147_49_16
Ana M. Sixto Barcia, Cultura letrada e alfabetización no Baixo Ulla: séculos XVIII-XIX, Valga: Concello de Valga, Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria (Xunta de Galicia), 2017, 276 páginas, ISBN: 978-84-697-5869-4.
Authors: Redondo Rubén Castro
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/0870-4147_49_17
Transcrições em linha: e‑learning de Paleografia em arquivos europeus
Authors: Borges Leonor Calvão , Silva Ana Margarida Dias da
Published: December 2018

A paleografia, ciência que, na sua vertente prática, se dedica ao ensino da leitura de manuscritos antigos, independentemente da sua língua, esteve tradicionalmente associada aos cursos de História e Ciências Documentais, confinada aos bancos académicos, e vista como ciência auxiliar. É no âmbito dos projetos de crowdsourcing de transcrições documentais que vemos surgir manuais e cursos de paleografia on‑line. O presente trabalho procura identificar a oferta formativa on‑line de cursos de paleografia medieval e moderna, em particular promovida por arquivos locais e regionais portugueses, espanhóis, ingleses e franceses associados a esses projetos. Pretende‑se entender como a paleografia de leitura é desenvolvida pelos arquivos, perceber que normas são utilizadas, quem faz manuais de transcrição, a que grupo se dirigem em particular, que tipologias documentais são mais disponibilizadas, periodicidade do curso / disponibilização das imagens para transcrição, e, por fim, perceber o que acontece com as transcrições. Conclui‑se com uma análise sobre a contribuição destes projetos para o desenvolvimento da paleografia de leitura, e, de uma forma mais genérica, para a história da cultura gráfica.
Do traço da letra ao risco do desenho: uma forma de arquivar
Authors: Coelho Maria Helena Da Cruz
Published: December 2018

O artigo que apresentamos versa sobre a arquivação da documentação medieval. Ontem, como hoje, as instituições e os homens que lhes davam corpo sempre se confrontaram com o imperativo de preservar a sua memória escrita, mas não menos com o dever de tratarem a documentação para dela poderem dispor como um testemunho probatório e aproveitá‑la de acordo com os seus diversos objetivos e múltiplas funcionalidades. Refletiremos neste estudosobre estas vertentes da arquivação medieval, atentando num caso muito singular e particular de uma casa monástica, concretamente o mosteiro de Pedroso. Trabalhou nesta instituição um cartorário que utilizou um singular método de arquivação, recorrendo a cotas alfabéticas e ideogramáticas, que, embora conhecido em tempos medievais, não era, no entanto, muito vulgar. Procurámos, então, sistematizar esses sinais ou símbolos, interpretá‑los e descodificá‑los,com vista a melhor percecionarmos o seu valor para o arquivista que os escreveu e desenhou nos pergaminhos do fundo documental da casa monástica a que por certo pertencia.
Los retos actuales de la diplomática desde la perspectiva ibérica: ampliación de los horizontes espaciales y cronológicos, nuevos campos de investigación, adaptación a las nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Montes Néstor Vigil
Published: December 2018

La disciplina científica de la diplomática ha experimentado enormes cambios en las últimas décadas; de una especialidad orientada esencialmente a la documentación producida en la Europa occidental cristiana en el período altomedieval a un método transversal y válido para diferentes contextos crono‑espaciales. Actualmente existen trabajos que explotan el método diplomático para cuestiones novedosas como analizar la diplomática de la EdadContemporánea, el documento administrativo, el notariado, el documento mercantil, las cancillerías señoriales o los cartularios laicos. En el presente trabajo pretendemos realizar una valoración de la ampliación de la disciplina en las últimas décadas y esbozar los diferentes caminos por trazar. Asimismo, pretendemos analizar la relación de la diplomática con las nuevas tecnologías, tanto desde el punto de vista de las posibilidades para la enseñanza como de las potencialidades de la edición con lenguajes de marcado XML para ampliar el conocimiento de la disciplina.
A Metrologia em Portugal em Finais do Século XVIII e a “Memória sobre Pesos e Medidas” de José de Abreu Bacelar Chichorro (1795)
Authors: Lopes Luís Seabra
Published: December 2018

Neste artigo, contextualiza‑se e transcreve‑se integralmente a Memória sobre Pesos e Medidas elaborada em 1795 por José de Abreu Bacelar Chichorro, ministro das demarcações das comarcas da Estremadura. Para além de ser um dos mais antigos estudos sobre a metrologia portuguesa, esta memória contém também a primeira proposta de adoção do sistema métrico decimal em Portugal. A proposta não teve consequências imediatas. No entanto, o plano de adoção do sistema decimal, proposto por uma comissão especializada passadas quase duas décadas, que viria a ser aprovado pelo Príncipe Regente em 1814, segue a proposta de Chichorro no essencial.
A universidade medieval portuguesa e os problemas do seu financiamento [I]: os prolegómenos (séculos XIII-XIV)
Authors: Leitão André De Oliveira
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo visa compreender como se processava o financiamento da universidade medieval portuguesa nos seus primórdios, dando a conhecer a complexa questão dos benefícios eclesiásticos cujas rendas se destinavam à subsistência dos lentes do estudo geral – e, por conseguinte, à sobrevivência da própria universidade. Embora reputemos esta questão de essencial para compreender a vida desta instituição durante a Idade Média, julgamos que a mesma não foi ainda devidamente explorada no âmbito das diferentes monografias e artigos que têm vindo a lume sobre o tema. Neste sentido, iremos analisar o quadro da fundação e a primeira fase da existência da universidade em Lisboa, entre 1288 e 1308, com especial enfoque nas rendas que contribuíam para a manutenção do estudo e dos seus mestres, asseguradas por várias igrejas do padroado régio.
From fear of rain to dragons descending from the skies: perceptions and records of natural phenomena (from the 7th to the 8th century)
Authors: Valdaliso-Casanova Covadonga , De Campos Maria Amélia Álvaro
Published: December 2018

Introdução ao caderno temático
La percepción de las inundaciones en la Cataluña nororiental entre los siglos XIV y XVII: de las notas cronísticas a las autobiografías populares
Authors: Sala Albert Reixach
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo se propone analizar cómo eran percibidas las inundaciones en la Cataluña del largo periodo previo a la Ilustración en base al ejemplo de las tierras de Gerona. Se centra en notas cronísticas, dietarios y otros textos similares con el fin de observar la forma en la que se tomaba consciencia y se describían dichos fenómenos meteorológicos. También se examinan varios mecanismos de respuesta a las emergencias y de prevención de riesgos
La météorologie comme facteur militaire et politique : le processus de prise de décision par les administrateurs français de la Corse (1553-1559)
Authors: Shishkin Vladimir , Guerassimova Ekaterina
Published: December 2018

Sur la base du matériel d’archives, jusqu’alors inédit, de la collection de Guillaume de Lamoignon – soit la correspondance officielle entre la cour française et ses correspondants étrangers et diplomatiques – qui est conservée actuellement à Moscou et concerne entre autres les documents de la conquête française de la Corse au cours des années 1550, l’histoire politique de l’administration française de l’île est considérée au travers du prisme des phénomènes naturels. Dans le contexte de la fin des Guerres d’Italie, la couronne française et ses représentants administratifs en Corse ont dû faire face à des problèmes difficiles, parce qu’ils n’avaient pas l’expérience de la défense du vaste territoire de l’île, contre la République de Gênes alliée à la maison de Habsbourg. En outre, l’une des difficultés principales, soulignée dans cet article, résidait dans l’accès par mer, qui dépendait de la saison, des conditions météorologiques et de l’état de la mer.
O ano de 1647 “que se diz da Fome, e Terremotos”: O impacto das crises sísmicas na paisagem sonora de Angra
Authors: Henriques Luís
Published: December 2018

Referindo-se a 1647, Manuel Luís Maldonado intitulou o capítulo dedicado a esse ano na sua Fenix Angrence como “da fome e dos terramotos”. A partir deste relato percebese que este foi um ano difícil para as gentes da ilha açoriana da Terceira e, em particular, da cidade de Angra. Foram realizadas muitas procissões pelos frades franciscanos para apaziguar a ira de Deus para com o povo da ilha. Esse ano foi também uma altura de seca durante a primavera e o trigo foi escasso, promovendo cerimónias religiosas que imploravam por chuva. Usando o relato de Maldonado como base, este estudo pretende reconstituir a possível paisagem sonora de Angra envolvendo estes eventos religiosos que, para além da sua religiosidade, eram também momentos cívicos e sociais na vida da cidade.
JOHNSTON, Michael, VAN DUSSEN, Michael (eds.) (2016). The Medieval Manuscript Book: Cultural Approaches. 3.ª ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 302 pp., ISBN: 978-1-107-06619-9.
Authors: Norte Armando
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_18_20
IMÍZCOZ BEUNZA, José María e ARTOLA RENEDO, Andoni (2016). Patronazgo y clientelismo en la monarquía hispánica (siglos XVI-XIX). Bilbao: Universidad del País Vasco, 430 pp., ISBN: 978- 84-9082-301-9.
Authors: Mata Cristóvão
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_18_24
PELZ, William A. (2016). História do Povo da Europa Moderna. Lisboa: Objectiva, 446 pp., ISBN: 978-989-665-149-7.
Authors: Moreira João
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_18_26
Demolir ou reparar: das normas jurídicas portuguesas para edifícios em ruína (séculos XV a XIX)
Authors: Pinto Sandra M. G.
Published: December 2018

Este artigo aborda as normas jurídicas estabelecidas pelos poderes públicos portugueses para acautelar o perigo iminente provocado por edifícios em ruína entre o fim da Idade Média e o Liberalismo Clássico. São utilizados dois tipos de fontes documentais: para os períodos mais recuados a pesquisa assenta nas práticas jurídicas inseridas nas atas das câmaras dos concelhos; para os períodos mais recentes usam-se as normas jurídicas fixadas nas posturas municipais, enquadradas pela legislação geral do reino. O exame às normas jurídicas permite perceber que as câmaras municipais sempre aplicaram a mesma regra preventiva: a obrigatoriedade dos edifícios em ruina serem demolidos ou reparados. Por isso, estas normas constituem um singular e expressivo caso de persistência dentro do ordenamento jurídico português relacionado com a construção.
Media, comunicação e género: novos territórios de esperança e novas fronteiras de injustiça
Authors: Simões Rita Basílio , Sobreira Rosa Maria
Published: December 2018

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-6019_7_0
Re-thinking feminism and democratic politics: the potential of online networks for social change and gender equality in Brazil
Authors: Matos Carolina
Published: December 2018

This article provides a critical summary of feminist theoretical perspectives on the potential of online communications for women’s rights, further sketching abrief case study of contemporary Brazilian feminism and the mobilization around women’s rights, particularly in the year 2015. This is done through a discussion of the discursive online practices of websites like Blogueiras Feministas and the NGO Think Olga, part of a wider project (Matos, 2017). Questions asked include how the media can better contribute to assist in gender development, and how online platforms can make a difference. I argue that despite constraints and setbacks, the seeds of a wider transformative influence in the offline world are slowly being planted in a highly fragmented, heterogeneous and erratic blogosphere.
Corpo, mídia e sexo no século XXI: da pornotopia para a atopia sexual
Authors: Patzdorf Danilo
Published: December 2018

Este artigo analisa a relação entre corpo, mídia e sexo no século xxi. Traçando um breve panorama da relação entre tecnologias comunicativas e práticas sexuais, observaremos como os usos de diferentes mídias conformaram determinadas formas de se relacionar com o corpo nu e com o sexo. Se a pornografia consumida nos meios de comunicação de massa (revista, cinema, VHS, etc.) constituiu aquilo que Preciado (2010) intitulou “pornotopia”, concluirei, a partir da análise de três casos paradigmáticos escolhidos por mim, que os dispositivos digitais (webcam, smartphone, gadget, etc.) têm constituído uma espécie de “atopia sexual”, propiciando o surgimento de novas formas de sentir ao desconectar a sexualidade dos imperativos espaciais, temporais e, até mesmo, corporais.
Das muitas margaridas: A construção de um feminismo rural no estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Sobreira Dayane Nascimento
Published: December 2018

Esse artigo resulta de pesquisas sobre a história do movimento feminista na Paraíba e militância no movimento de mulheres do mesmo estado. Partimos da premissa de que as mulheres têm feito uma verdadeira revolução nos campos, nos núcleos familiares e na própria organização do feminismo enquanto movimento. A metodologia utilizada foi do tipo qualitativa com contributos bibliográficos e de campo e as categorias empíricas foram elencadas a partir de duas fontes: entrevistas e observações in loco. A sistematização das entrevistas está pautada no método da história oral, enquanto técnica e aporte da NovaHistória Cultural, com análise descritiva dos dados. Discutimos como se constitui o movimento recente de mulheres do Polo da Borborema, afirmando que existe um feminismo rural no estado que tem raízes históricas em movimentos sociais de base e no sindicalismo campesino, latentes nas últimas décadas do século xx.
Género e constituição de sujeitos políticos no contexto cubano: tensões entre enquadramento biopolítico e autonomia na mídia oficial
Authors: Hernández Elisa Beatriz Ramírez , Marques Ângela Cristina Salgueiro
Published: December 2018

Este artigo pretende discutir, no contexto cubano, as operações de enquadramento de gênero que tornam certos sujeitos e grupos reconhecíveis e valorizáveis, enquanto outros são claramente destituídos de respeito e consideração. Argumentamos que o desrespeito envolve a produção de narrativas e enunciados que traçam distinções valorativas entre modos de vida considerados dignos e aqueles amplamente percebidos como menosprezáveis. Nessecontexto, a autonomia envolve, assim, um jogo delicado de poder entre a invizibilização biopolítica de constrangimentos às ações dos sujeitos e a visibilizaçãode experiências que não são totalmente identificadas pelos padrões de dominação. A partir de um acontecimento midiático recente, refletimos sobre a configuração política da opressão e da discussão sobre gênero em Cuba.
O filme ‘A bela do palco’ (Stage Beauty) – uma abordagem revisionista
Authors: Lanz Helza Ricarte , Napoles Juliane Noack
Published: December 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as questões de identidade e papéis de gênero observadas no filme A Bela do Palco (Stage Beauty, 2004) a partir da perspectiva teórica queer. Propomos essa discussão focalizando nas experiências dos personagens principais do filme, Ned Kynaston, ator especializado em interpretar papéis femininos, e Maria, sua camareira e aspirante à atriz, considerando a relação desses dois personagens com a alteração na lei relativa à interpretação de papéis femininos no teatro inglês do século xvii. Para tanto, na primeira parte do artigo, apresentamos conceitos básicos de uma perspectiva teórica queer, para então aplicá‑los a algumas cenas do filme e a uma discussão mais ampla da problemática presente em A Bela do Palco.
Além das “Mães de Bragança”: a estereotipização da mulher brasileira no jornalismo português
Authors: Minga Ester Amaral De Paula
Published: December 2018

Utilizando como mote o caso “Mães de Bragança”, conhecido em 2003 por meio de uma representação mediática sensacionalista, em que se identificou a presença de estereótipos acerca das brasileiras (Correia, 2014), este artigo busca demonstrar, a partir de uma análise crítica a quatro textos não relacionados com a temática da prostituição, que a estereotipia do discurso jornalístico sobre as brasileiras não se identifica apenas em textos referentes à prostituição de imigrantes. Evidencia‑se, também, o caráter ubíquo desta exaltação mediática do exotismo, conjugado com uma sensualidade que seria inata, não apenas das brasileiras, mas também do Brasil. Para compreender as razões deste fenómeno, contextualizamos as origens das representações sociais sobre as brasileiras, destacando o peso do luso‑tropicalismo, teoria desenvolvida por Gilberto Freyre em meados do séc. xx, para esta construção.
Drivers Of Innovation Without Formal R&D: Selected cases of Indonesian firms
Authors: Aminullah Erman , Fizzanty Trina , B Soesanto Qinan Maulana
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study is to have deep understanding on why and how firms engaging in innovation without formal R&D. Three cases of firms in machinery and food processing sectors were studied. The cross cases analysis found that types and sources of innovation vary according to business areas, technology field, and technological capability level of each firms. Firms innovate without formal R&D through  it’s particular ways, and it is driven by firm’s specific resources namely management vision and leadership,  integrated business system, and entrepreneurship and networking. The conceptual contribution of this study is an enrichment to “learning by using” with a new variant the so called “mastering from using”. Nevertheless, innovation without formal R&D is deficient in absorptive capacity (AC), it implies that non-R&D and informal R&D firms should  invest in R&D to develop AC and increase technology adoption. Goverment policy by using  R&D financing support and tax incentives should be directed at the innovative low-tech (LT) as well as low and medium-tech (LMT) industries, which will have produced higher results through innovation with informal and/or non R&D actvities.  

Keywords: innovation drivers, innovation types, innovation sources, non-R&D, informal R&D
Knowledge Accumulation-based Entrepreneurship (KABE) in the Creative Industry: A Case Study of Woodwork Firms in Indonesia
Authors: Kardoyo Hadi , Handoyo Setiowiji , Asmara Anugerah Yuka
Published: December 2018

This article describes the activities of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE) in four wood craft manufacturers, namely Radio Magno, Stranough Guitar Technologi, Secco Guitar, and Matoa Watch. The four wood craft manufacturers represent KIE activities in the wood craft industry in Indonesia. The products of the four wood craft manufacturers are able to compete and have market share for both domestic and foreign markets. This article shows some lessons from KIE: 1)  Educational background, knowledge, and experience play a significant role in supporting KIE activities, 2) Knowledge base and learning activities support the ability of four creative wood craft manufactures in enhancing innovation and product development, 3) The idea, product concept, and innovation become an important aspect in supporting the ability of the four wood craft manufacturers in the strategy of entering the market and creating market segment for the products, 4) The four creative wood craft manufacturers are able to perform a combination of complementary aspects of KIE (market, technological and institutional opportunities), 5) Ecosystems and cultural aspects are considered as important aspect in supporting the growth of creative industries.
MOLECULAR COMPLEXES OF IVY TRITERPENE GLYCOSIDES WITH CHOLESTEROL
Authors: Яковишин (Yakovishin) Леонид (Leonid) Александрович (Aleksandrovich) , Гришковец (Grishkovets) Владимир (Vladimir) Иванович (Ivanovich)
Published: December 2018

Molecular complexes of cholesterol with dominant triterpene saponins from members of the ivy genus Hedera L. (Araliaceae Juss.) – monodesmosidic glycoside α-hederin (hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside) and bisdesmosidic glycoside hederasaponin C (hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-О-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-О-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-О-β-D-glucopyranoside) as well as with minor monodesmosidic glycoside hederoside F (hederagenin 3-О-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-О-β-D-glucopyranoside) have been prepared. The complexation has been investigated by methods of isomolar series in the spectrophotometric version and FT-IR spectroscopy with a universal optical attenuated total reflection (ATR) accessory. It was shown that a-hederin, hederasaponin C and hederoside F form a 1 : 1 complexes with cholesterol, having a stability constants (5.6±0.1)×104, (4.7±0.1)×104 and (6.0±0.6)×104 M–1 respectively (in 70% aqueous ethanol et 25 °С). The constants are calculated on the basis of isomolar curves. The complexes of cholesterol with ivy monodesmosidic glycosides are more stable. Intermolecular interaction in the complexes is carried out by hydrogen bonds formation of type –С=О···Н–О– (for monodesmosidic glycosides) and –(Н)О···Н–О– (for bisdesmosidic glycoside). Hydrophobic contacts of the aglycone part of glycosides (hederagenin) with a lipophilic cholesterol molecule are possible. As a result, changes in some frequencies of the absorption bands of CH bonds are observed, which was established by IR spectroscopy.
COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF THE EXTRACTS AND ESSENTIAL OILS FROM THE ALHAGI PERSARUM, GROWING IN UZBEKISTAN AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Нишанбаев (Nishanbaev) Сабир (Sabir) Зарипбаевич (Zaripbaevich) , Бобакулов (Bobakulov) Хайрулла (Khairulla) Мамадиевич (Mamadievich) , Охундедаев (Okhundedaev) Баходир (Bakhodir) Сотволдиевич (Sotvoldievich) , Сасмаков (Sasmakov) Собирджан (Sobirjan) Анарматович (Anarmatovich) , Абдуллаев (Abdullayev) Насрулла (Nasrullah) Джалилович (Dzhalilovich) , Арипова (Aripova) Салимахон (Salimahon) Фазиловна (Fazilovna)
Published: December 2018

The volatile compounds of hexane and benzene extracts were studied by GC-MS analysis, as well as were investigated the composition of essential oils obtained by steam and hydrodistillation from the aerial part of Alhagi persarum Boiss. & Buhse, collected during the flowering period in the Fergana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
As a result of the studies, 44 components were found in the hexane and benzene extracts, among them the neophytadiene (44.0%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (20.5%), phytol (17.1%), dihydroactinidiolide (2.0%), a-thujone (32.1%) and b-thujone (9.8%), camphor (30.5%) are dominated. In the composition of essential oils isolated by steam and hydrodistillation methods, were identified 69 and 56 compounds, respectively. The dominating components are eucalyptol (4.7% and 2.9%), a-thujone (44.0% and 35.3%) and b-thujone (17.1% and 14.3%), camphor (12.7% and 28.2%).
In vitro screening for antibacterial and antifungal activity of extracts were carried out, as well as EО from Alhagi persarum. Among the samples studied, EO, obtained by steamdistillation, possesses the highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis (15 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (13 mm), Escherichia coli (11 mm) and Candida albicans (8 mm).