bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of deep soil carbon – insights from 14C time-series across a climatic gradient
Authors: van der Voort Tessa Sophia , Mannu Utsav , Hagedorn Frank , McIntyre Cameron , Walthert Lorenz , Schleppi Patrick , Haghipour Negar , Eglinton Timothy Ian
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Quantitative constraints on soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics are essential for comprehensive understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Deep soil carbon is of particular interest, as it represents large stocks and its turnover rates remain highly uncertain. In this study, SOM dynamics in both the top and deep soil across a climatic (average temperature ~ 1–9 °C) gradient are determined using time-series (~ 20 years) 14C data from bulk soil and water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC). Analytical measurements reveal enrichment of bomb-derived radiocarbon in the deep soil layers on the bulk level during the last two decades. The WEOC pool is strongly enriched in bomb-derived carbon, indicating that it is a dynamic pool. We used a numerical model to determine turnover time of the bulk, slow and dynamic pool as well as the size of the dynamic pool. The presence of bomb-derived carbon in the deep soil, as well as the rapidly turning over WEOC pool and sizeable dynamic fraction at depth across the climatic gradient implies that there likely is a dynamic component of carbon in the deep soil. Precipitation appears to exert a stronger influence on soil C dynamics than temperature. Overall, geology seems to impact the carbon cycling in three key ways: (1) bedrock-derived (petrogenic) carbon can comprise an important component of the soil carbon pool even at relatively shallow depths (< 1 m). (2) Bedrock type influences water logging either by its porosity or by determining texture, and (3) rock and soil mineralogy controls C stabilization.
Sensitivity of active layer freezing process to snow cover in Arctic Alaska
Authors: Yi Yonghong , Kimball John S. , Chen Richard H. , Moghaddam Mahta , Miller Charles E.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The contribution of cold season soil respiration to Arctic-boreal carbon cycle and potential feedbacks to global climate system remain poorly quantified, partly due to a poor understanding of the changes in the soil thermal regime and liquid water content during the soil freezing process. Here, we characterized the processes controlling active layer freezing in Arctic Alaska using an integrated approach combining in-situ observations, local scale (~ 50 m) longwave radar retrievals from NASA Airborne P-band polarimetric SAR (PolSAR), and a remote sensing driven permafrost model. To better capture landscape variability in snow cover and its influence on soil thermal regime, we downscaled global coarse-resolution (~ 0.5°) reanalysis snow data using finer scale (500 m) MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) snow cover extent (SCE) observations. The downscaled 1-km snow depth dataset captured fine-scale variability associated with local topography, and compared well with in-situ observations across Alaska, with a mean RMSE of 0.16 m and bias of −0.01 m in Arctic Alaska, which was used to drive the permafrost model. We also used the in-situ soil dielectric constant (ɛ) profile measurements to guide model parameterization of soil organic layer and unfrozen water content curve. Across a 2° latitudinal zone along the Dalton highway in the Alaska North Slope, the model simulated mean zero-curtain period was generally consistent with in-situ observations (R: 0.6 ± 0.2; RMSE: 19 ± 6 days), which showed mean zero-curtain periods of 61 ± 11 to 73 ± 15 days from depths of 0.25 m to 0.45 m. Along the same transect, both the observed and model simulated zero-curtain periods were positively correlated (R > 0.55, p
Lymphatic Voyage: Communicating 4D Immune Cell Dynamics and Lymph Node Architecture using WebGL-based Animation and Interactivity
Authors: Yao Li , Gregg Lydia , Germain Ronald N. , Soloski Mark J.
Published: September 2018

Lymph nodes are secondary lymphoid organs where Tcells and B cells meet antigens to initiate adaptiveimmune responses. The anatomical and molecular cuesdirect the cell and uid movements to ensure that theantigens can meet the right immune cells eectively1,2.Advanced 3D imaging techinques1 allowed the scientiststo visualize the lymph nodes. However, Teaching lymphnode architecture and immune cell dynamics at thecellular level is challenging due to the lack of visualteaching tools. Lymphatic Voyage is a widely accessibleitneractive 3D app designed as an educational tool tohelp instructors and graduate students.
Illustrations for Health Assessment Techniques of the Atlantic Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus
Authors: Bergdale Katie , Phelps Tim , Arnold Jill , Whitaker Brent
Published: September 2018

Horseshoe crab blood cells detect extremely small amountsof bacteria allowing them to be used in medicine to test thesterilization of medical devices, vaccines, and implants. This is aworldwide standard test called Limulus Amebocyte Lysate. TheNational Aquarium in Baltimore, MD, has developed guidelinesfor health examinations that are aimed to improve healthmaintenance and conservation strategies for horseshoe crabs.Illustrations were created to accompany this specic literatureto ensure the overall eectiveness of the material. A total of 28color illustrations were created to help educate veterinariansand veterinarian technicians, aquarists, and biologists.
VISUALIZING THOUGHT IN MEDICAL EDUCATION: How Does Drawing Enhance the Learning of Diagnostic Skills in Radiology?
Authors: Cirigliano M. , Pusic M. , Plass J. , Matuk C. , Shiau M. , Pecaric M. , Boutis K.
Published: September 2018

Studies in the learning sciences suggest that drawingmay prove useful for reection, as a learning diagnostic,and as a cognitive tool.1 A study has been designed todetermine if drawing at dierent times while learning withan application on radiograph interpretation (Figure 1) willimprove learning and cognition. The research is ongoing,and new qualitative data reveals various uses for drawingdependent on the timing of the drawing activity.
Visualizing Human Embryonic Development of the Heart’s Outflow Tract
Authors: Sidorowych Christina , Lebowicz Leah , Daugherty John , Brennan Kevin , Bond Samantha , Ross Callum , Cotanche Douglas
Published: September 2018

Data from the Virtual Human Embryo Project, a digital image database of serially sectioned human embryos from the Carnegie collection, was used to visualize and create 3D reconstructions of multiple embryonic stages. Using these reconstructions as references, 3D morphing animations were created and compiled into a 3D interactive learning tool. This learning tool allows the user to visualize and interact with the developing heart’s outow tract in 3-dimensions as the embryo undergoes complex morphological changes during Carnegie Stages 13-23. This learning and teaching tool ensbled medical students studying embryology and anatomy to understand how the heart’s outow tract develops, thereby clarifying their relationships to structures seen in adult anatomy.
Landscaping Pre-Service Teachers’ Stress Caused by Lack of Financial Management
Authors: Ramesh Ramanaidu Rao , Sharmini Ghanaguru , Assunta Antonysamy Carolina , Sadhna Prakash Nair
Published: September 2018

Age plays an important role in the financial behavior of people. Financial matters are usually more seriously perceived at later stages of life. Nevertheless, the role of age in financial behavior is inconclusive. This study intends to add to the literature on financial behavior by focusing on the relationship between expenditure planning, gender and stress. The distinctive feature of this study is its scope and the sample of people participating in it. Besides being young, the participants are pre-service teachers. Hence, studying their financial behavior also augurs well for the nation, for these are the shapers of its future. Using an online survey, 127 pre-service teachers responded to 17 questions, dwelling mainly on their financial behavior. Logistic regression was then used to identify whether expenditure planning is related to stress and gender. The findings reveal that the failure to plan one’s expenditures could cause stress and in which gender could be the determinant factor. Thus, it is recommended to take actions on higher rate of financial literacy among pre-service teachers.
Export Structure Effect of Outward FDI of Sichuan Province of China
Authors: Wang Xiaohui
Published: September 2018

This paper made an export structure effect analysis of outward foreign direct investment of Sichuan Province of China using the method of OLS and GMM with the provincial panel data of ordinary export from 2004 to 2016. The empirical results indicate that Outward Foreign Direct Investment can affect ordinary export positively both in China and in Sichuan Province. With each 1% increase of outward foreign direct investment, China’s ordinary exports increased by 0.344%, while Sichuan’s ordinary exports increased by 0.483%. Furthermore, this paper indicates that outward foreign direct investment leads to the upgrading of export structure in China. But, this paper can’t find sufficient evidence that Sichuan’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment can promote export structure.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 10, No. 9
Authors: Zhang Michael
Published: September 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 10, No. 9
Radical Media Archaeology (its epistemology, aesthetics and case studies)
Authors: Ernst Wolfgang
Published: September 2018

Media Archaeology is both a method and an aesthetics of approaching technical objects. Within a broad range of such academic and artistic practices, radical media archaeology will be presented against the soft archaeological metaphor, with an emphasis on Foucault’s approach and the non-human meaning of media-active archaeology. One characteristic of Media Archaeology is its focus on media materialism, analytically or creatively bound to practices like circuit bending.

Seductive events like the excavation of once buried computer game cartridges (the E. T. case) request a more code-oriented, critical resistance to the archaeological metaphor, just like media archaeology as artistic research, such as the "Dead Media" project, requires a media-epistemological counter-reading. Diagrammatic Media Archaeography will be proposed as an alternative to culturally familiar narratives of media historiography.

A special focus will be placed on video art and preservation where algorithms themselves become the archaeologists of archaic video recordings. The media-archaeological method is about signal "re-presencing" (Sobchack) rather than historicising (as in the cases of early television recording and the Voyager space mission "picture disc"). Media Archaeology as a method of techno-logical research stays close to the signal (be it analog waveforms or digital pulses).

Media Archaeography as a mode of representation has been written about already (e.g. Ina Blom’s Autobiography of Video). For the challenge of media time heritage, video art preservation is applied media archaeology.
Book review of Love and Society. Special Social Forms and the Master Emotion by Swen Seebach. A sociological study of love: Swen Seebach’s Love and Society
Authors: García-Andrade Adriana
Published: September 2018

Love and Society by Swen Seebach is a sociological study of love at its best. In recent years there has been a global boom in the scientific studies of love (García-Andrade 2014). Why? How has love become so crucial in sciences as it has in our lives? This book intends to understand why and how love has come center stage from a sociological point of view. And I emphasize this is a sociological endeavor because the question at hand is what is love’s contribution to social cohesion, how do we bond with each other when we are ‘in love’ and why it is so central in our societies, contrary to other historical periods.

Also, and differently from other theoretical texts, the author goes hand in hand with empirical research on love to illustrate what people say about their love bonds: “…nearly 100 qualitative interviews with people from different European countries, with different sexual orientations, and with different social backgrounds…” (p. 13, n.1)
Unconventional relationships, positive marginalities and citizenship
Authors: Pratesi Alessandro
Published: September 2018

Long distance relationships and caring at a distance may be connected with emotional and psychological exhaustion but also gratification, reward and empowerment; above all, they possess important implications in terms of social justice, equality and citizenship. The expression ‘world families’ (Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, 2014) includes a heterogeneous and tension-filled set of social actors who have in common the potential to bridge traditional distinctions between public and private, centre and periphery, national and international, able-bodied and physically/cognitively impaired, heterosexual and homosexual, bypassing dichotomous ideas of inclusion/exclusion which typically characterise the concept of citizenship. These families represent a group of very different social actors, including couples of mixed cultures and ethnicities, low-paid migrant workers, skilled migrant workers, asylum seekers, refugees, distant families, etc. who challenge our culturally homogenous understanding of family and society and are defined therefore as ‘pioneers of cosmopolitanism’ and cultural diversity.
Drawing on recent work on families, relationships, intimacies and caring for distant others and contextualising it within the specific and still unexplored context of Living Apart Together (LAT) same-sex couples, this article examines the moral, sociological and institutional geographies of these less visible chains of care and affection and their unequally entitled rights and visibility. The literature review is combined with auto-ethnographic work analysing and discussing the case of a married, same-sex, transnational, Living Apart Together (LAT) couple.
This article suggests that by looking at what happens at the level of emotion-based, micro-situated interactions we can get some crucial insights into the changing nature of families, intimacies and relationships and their multiple implications in terms of social inclusion, entitlement to rights/citizenship and social change. It is a form of relational, emotion-based and micro-situated social inclusion and entitlement to rights/citizenship which is occurring, on a daily basis, in the interstices of people’s interactions even when such change still meets several obstacles at the structural, political and institutional level.
IV Jornada de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social
Authors: Beltran de Heredia Ruiz Ignasi
Published: September 2018

La responsabilidad empresarial por la extinción del contrato de trabajo constituye uno de los elementos nucleares de la regulación de las relaciones laborales y ocupa una posición preeminente en los debates sobre la política de empleo. Los (infructuosos) intentos para combatir la acentuada (y patológica) dualidad del mercado de trabajo y la necesidad de alcanzar un empleo de calidad ha sometido esta cuestión a un estado de revisión permanente.
Seminari sobre el suport online a les víctimes de delictes
Authors: Tamarit Sumalla Josep Maria
Published: September 2018

El día 19 de diciembre de 2017 tuvo lugar en la sede de la UOC en Castelldefels (Barcelona) el seminario sobre el apoyo en línea a las víctimas de delitos. El acto fue organizado por los Estudios de Derecho y Ciencia Política de la UOC, en colaboración con la Sociedad Catalana de Victimología. El interés por el tema queda justificado por el hecho de que la Directiva Europea 19/2012 impone a los estados miembros la obligación de garantizar al acceso a servicios de apoyo especializados.
СКЛОНОСТ ГЛАСАЧА КЛИЈЕНТЕЛИЗМУ У РЕПУБЛИЦИ МАКЕДОНИЈИ
Authors: Гоцевски Драган
Published: September 2018

У овом раду дат је преглед новијих истраживања о клијентелиз-му, његовом теоријском конципирању, први трагови у којима се описујеразмјенски однос моћи и средстава, историјски преглед употребе клијен-телистичких мрежа за долазак и опстанак на власти, те инструмента-лизација клијентелизма за стабилизацију друштва. Квантитативноманализом у раду се анализирају фактори који значајно утичу на склоностграђана да гласају за одређену политичку странку уколико им се обећазапослење у јавној управи у Републици Македонији.
НАСЉЕЂИВАЊЕ АУТОРСКОГ ПРАВА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
Authors: Ћеранић Димитрије , Ивановић Свјетлана
Published: September 2018

Аутори у раду говоре о специфичном рјешењу Закона о насљеђивањуРепублике Српске у погледу насљеђивања ауторских имовинских права.Ријеч је о ограничењу круга законских насљедника на дијете, брачногсупружника и родитеље, а у одсуству наведених лица, као насљедник сепојављује држава. Указано је на пропусте законодавца, техничке и ло-гичке природе, као и на неусклађеност одредаба Закона о насљеђивању саодредбама Закона о ауторском и сродним правима, због насљедивости ау-торског права као цјелине, а не само имовинскоправне компоненте. Огра-ничењем круга законских насљедника одступа се од основних начела на-сљедног права, начела универзалности насљеђивања и начела равноправ-ности у насљеђивању, која происходе из уставних начела равноправностиграђана и једнакости пред законом. Анализирајући наведено законско рје-шење кроз призму основних циљева насљедног права, заштите породицеи зашите приватне својине, показано је да предвиђено ограничење кругазаконских насљедника нема правно ни друштвено утемељење. Посебнапажња посвећена је проблему тумачења спорних одредаба о кругу закон-ских насљедника, нарочито узимајући у обзир грађанско сродство. Закљу-чак ауторâ је да у праву Републике Српске нема мјеста за посебна правиланасљеђивања ауторских права, те предлажу да се спорна одредба бришеиз Закона о насљеђивању.
Кривично право Републике Српске – Посебни дио
Authors: Симовић Владимир
Published: September 2018

Пред широм читалачком публиком почетком септембра 2017. годи-не нашла су се два изузетно значајна универзитетска издања уџбеничкогкарактера за предмете Кривично право. Ради се о уџбеницима под на-зивима „Кривично право Републике Српске – Општи дио“ и „Кривичноправо Републике Српске – Посебни дио“ аутора др Драгана Јовашевића,редовног професора Правног факултета у Нишу, др Љубинка Митровића,омбудсмена за људска права Босне и Херцеговине и редовног професораФакултета правних наука Паневропског универзитета Апеирон у БањојЛуци и др Вељка Икановића, судије Врховног суда Републике Српске иванредног професора Факултета правних наука Паневропског универзите-та Апеирон у Бањој Луци. Рецензенти су др Велимир Ракочевић, редовнипрофесор Правног факултета Универзитета у Подгорици и др БориславПетровић, редовни професор Правног факултета Универзитета у Сарајеву.
Recovery of Yttrium Oxide from Titanium-Aluminium based wastes
Authors: Stopić Srećko , Kallabis Sebastian , Friedrich Bernd
Published: September 2018

Yttrium belongs to the rare earth elements and critical metals.Yttrium oxide is mostly used in fluoroscent lamps, production ofelectrodes, in electronic filters, lasers, superconductors and asadditives in various titanium-aluminium materials to improve theirproperties. Recovery of yttrium oxide from secondary sourcessuch as red mud, coatings from ceramic industry and phosphors isextremely important. The main aim of this study is to examine theselective recovery of yttrium oxide from Al-Ti based secondarymaterials using one combined method based mostly on leachingfor selective recovery of yttrium containing: crashing and grindingof materials, sieving, leaching of chosen fine fraction withhydrochloric acid, precipitation with oxalic acid in order to producea pure yttrium oxalate, filtration and a final thermal decompositionof yttrium oxalate. The present study summarized mostly theinfluence of different reaction parameters such as leachingtemperature, time and concentration of hydrochloric acid onyttrium dissolution from Al-Ti based secondary materials. Anincrease of dissolution time and temperature increases yttriumdissolution. An increase of pressure from an atmospheric pressureto 0.5 MPa at 150°C leads to the maximum dissolution of yttrium(about 98.6 %). The final produced yttrium oxide after thermaldecomposition of yttrium oxalate was analyzed using SEM andEDS-analysis.
Law of the Director: Questioning the Unquestioned in Asghar Farhadi’s Movies The Beautiful City, Fireworks Wednesday and The Salesman
Authors: Sehat Ma’soome , Jahantigh Hossein
Published: September 2018

Asghar Farhadi, the Iranian Oscar winning writer and director, employs a bitter reality, i.e. the clash between tradition and modernity, as the main motif of his works up to 2016. His depicted characters always attempt to act rational, a prerequisite of modern time, but something traditional almost by an accident pushes them back, and as a result, tradition comes out as the winner. The key concern in this paper is to examine how Farhadi, apparently, tries to portray the Iranian society by exercising an objective stance to raise his fundamental question. The paper analyzes how he presents the challenge to his audiences’ judgment by letting them choose freely between modernism and tradition. However, the semiotic study of some of his movies shows his viewpoint is not completely objective and preference of one side over the other is apprehended. This paper seeks to prove that the author is inclined toward modernity in the titular three movies: The Beautiful City, Fireworks Wednesday and The Salesman, which the viewers might miss out on their first seeing of the movies.
Sentence Pattern and Usage in Nigeria’s 2015 Presidential Debate
Authors: Abonego Adejare Roseline
Published: September 2018

This study of sentence pattern and usage in Nigeria’s 2015 Presidential Debate identifies and accounts for all occurring major and minor sentences, classifies the major sentences into simple, compound and complex subtypes, determines their typological and thematic distribution, and demonstrates how they were strategically employed to articulate each debater’s points. The data comprises 1876 sentences and was analysed using an improved version of the systemic grammatical model. Results show that major and minor sentences represent 92 and 8 per cent respectively and that while the simple sentence accounted for 77 per cent, compound and complex sentences make up 10 and 13 per cent respectively. Mean length of sentence was 13.6 words and clause density in respect of compound and complex sentences was 1.6 and 2.22 per sentence. Of the seventeen variants of the simple sentence isolated 21 per cent had their elements of structure realised by rankshifted clauses while 20 per cent were affected by multiplicity, mobility and inversion. Though the rest 59 per cent were kernel sentences of the basic SPCA structural pattern, it was not uncommon to find structurally complex groups as elements of clause structure. What determined which of alpha or beta was clause-initially was the focus of the message conveyed. So thematic fronting is not limited to the single clause sentence. Sentence length and type, positioning of clauses or parts thereof, and decisions on conjunctions and finite or non-finite clauses, were greatly governed by theme and the speaker’s mediate goals and grammatical sophistication. These are proofs of the strategic use of the sentence by politicians.
Man’s Politics Towards God: A Study in American and Iraqi Theatre Represented by Tony Kushner’s Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes; Perestroika and Ali Abdul Nabi Azzaidi’s Ya Rab/Oh!God
Authors: Hassan Al Ghareeb Sanaa’ Lazim
Published: September 2018

Contemporary Theater is greatly influenced by the changes happening politically and socially all over the world. Man no longer looks for being part of a society or defining himself according to certain standards of tradition; he/she no longer search for their identity or feel suffocated by the new technology, his main concern in contemporary age is to redefine the identity away from politics and the judgmental eye of the society he is living in. Man is calling for resurrections of the god he admitted killing during the past millennium. A new perception of that god has been defined and this seems to be interesting in a world ruled by fighting sectors of extremists who are classified into two categories those who are against the rule of that god and those who are with. This paper examines the perception of that god in two different societies by two authors through studying their plays to explain how this theme is pictured by the two. The first is the American controversial playwright Tony Kushner who’s Angels In America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes; Perestroika raised epic questions in this matter, the other playwright is the Iraqi dramatist Ali Abdul Nabi Azzaidi who’s play Ya Rab/Oh!God introduced a new trend in the Iraqi theater. The paper adopts a socio-political school of criticism to achieve its goals.
The Ineffectiveness of Overt Input on the Problematic Grammatical Features of Tense Usage and Verb Conjugation for Native Arabic Speaking Learners of English for Academic Purposes (EAP)
Authors: Morgan Gareth
Published: September 2018

ThisstudyexaminestheeffectivenessoftheprovisionofspecificinputontheuseofverbconjugationandtensestopreparatorystudentsatImamAbdulrahmanBinFaisalUniversity,Dammam,SaudiArabia.Thisisawell-documentedgrammaticalissuefornativeArabicspeakers, and was undertaken due to this factor, as well as the students under instruction having made numerous errors in their initial written work. Consequently, it was focussed on in the classroom, with the students’ post-input formal writing compared with the production of students fromanotherclass,atthesamelevel,who,incontrast,hadnotreceivedspecificinputonthisgrammatical feature. The results conclude that such overt input has no discernible effect, due to the errors produced by both groups being extremely similar with reference to both quantity andcause,withverbconjugationandmissingverbsfeaturingprominentlyforbothgroups,particularly the inability to use third person ‘s’. As a result, despite language acquisition being a gradual process, I will desist from focusing on this grammatical feature due to the lack of effect of the input, but, will continue to germane errors when providing feedback on student writing in order to provide a less explicit and time consuming focus on this issue, while attempting to improve grammatical accuracy.
ELDERLY VISUAL TASK PERFORMANCE BY DIFFERENCES ON READING MEDIA AND LAMP POSITION IN A ROOM
Authors: Kristanto Luciana , Tanuwidjaja Gunawan , Antonio Joshua , Callista Lie Liana Maria , Sebastian Marcellino , Chany Theresia
Published: September 2018

This research aimed to find out how lighting influence visual task performance of the elderly.The experiment was done on the table with different lamp position and by giving mark on the landolt ring chart printed on different reading media. Three position, the front, the middle and the back were the variables for lamp position, whilst different reading medias were the brown paper usually used for newspaper, the white silk uncoated paper or  ‘HVS’ paper and the white gloss paper. The lamp were TL5 LED with 4000 °K and 6500 °K color temperature. The illumination level maintained specificly at 250-325 lux range. The respondents were 12 elderly with 58 years as the mean age. The result findings, for newspaper, the best position for speed was the front with 1.15 second per stroke; followed by the back with 1.18 second per stroke; and the middle got the lowest result with 1.4 second per stroke. For the HVS and glossy paper with higher luminance, the best for speed was the middle position that was the darkest in illumination, with 1.25 second per stroke for HVS and 1.3 second per stroke for glossy. The worst result was the back with 1.4 second per stroke for HVS and 1.36 second per stroke for glossy paper. For accuracy, the best for newspaper was the front, 96.02%. For the HVS paper, the middle and the back position has got the same highest accuracy, 90.45%. For the glossy paper, the middle position has got the highest accuracy, 91.62%. The visual task performance result, for the newspaper, the front position has got the highest score, followed by the back position that have brighter in illumination, but the score was lowest for the middle position. Contrary, for white HVS and white gloss paper, which get almost identic result, the middle position which was rather dark in illumination was the best, while the front and the back position were worse in visual task performance score. So that can be concluded that the higher illumination level was not always give the best to visual task performance; but depending to the user and the kind of paper or reading media as well.
COSMOGENIC ARCHITECTURE: A STUDY OF YOKA SARA’S DESIGN APPROACH ON ANTONIO BLANCO’S HOTEL
Authors: Widyaevan Dea Aulia
Published: September 2018

The Antonio Blanco’s hotel design by Balinese base architect Yoka Sara been design to represent the extension of Antonio Blanco’s museum in Ubud Bali. Although this design only achieves in a preliminary stage, the design approach in which Yoka Sara offer to interpret the style of Balinese contemporary, reflect the idea of Cosmogenic Architecture by Charles Jencks. In his book “Architecture of The Jumping Universe”  Jencks stated about how in the postmodern era, the architect should have the freedom to use architecture as a language. The nature of architecture has been identified with a definition of the universe through contemporary sciences. This paper tries to reveal the cosmogenic value in Antonio Blanco’s hotel approach by analogizing the architectural vocabulary into the linguistic system as Jencks mention in his book “The Language of Postmodern Architecture”. The issue of genius loci concept of cosmos also discusses to be coherent with the idea of cosmos in contemporary science. In related to architecture design, and a new way to re-define cosmos in contemporary Balinese architecture
THE INFLUENCE OF NIEUWE BOUWEN ARCHITECTURE ON DUTCH COLONIAL BUILDING IN MEDAN CITY
Authors: Pane Imam Faisal , A. Sianipar Ribka
Published: September 2018

Nieuwe Bouwen Architecture came and involved in Indonesia is carried by the young Dutch architects, also influenced Dutch colonial building in Indonesia to include Medan city. This study aims to determine what kind of Nieuwe Bouwen that control Dutch colonial buildings in Medan and find the form of the authority. This study used the qualitative method. There are 6 (six) aspects studied in this research that is the dynamic form; expressive ornaments; the building has a tower; nonstructural elements; glass, steel, and concrete materials; elements of air, light, and space. Analysis results show that PD Pasar Office Medan, Paradiso Swimming Pool, and Mandiri KC Medan City Hall Bank are influenced by Nieuwe Bouwen expressionism. Besides that, the form of expressionism on PD Pasar office Medan are of the curved shape of the building, unique, the expressive ventilation has the ornament and decorative element on its facade. As well as Paradiso swimming pool has curved shape, decoration and decorative element on its façade and tower. While at Mandiri KC Medan Cityhall bank, there is the geometric decoration, decorative element, and balcony also tower have expressive shape.
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN, CONNECTIVITY ORDER AND DETAILING ARCHITECTURE TO SITE COMFORT, CORRIDOR BRAGA
Authors: Soewarno Nurtati , Hidjaz Taufan , Virdianti Eka
Published: September 2018

Comfort in activities is very instrumental to liven up interaction within the city community. In fact, public spaces of a city are developed by the comfort obtained physically and psychically, Braga Corridor which built with the typology adapting the European and the tropical. This architecture is believed to provide fun experience for interaction, which eventually develop the physically comfort. Unfortunately that the city economy growth can threaten the existence of the Corridor. We believed the comfort fact to be the keyword to solve the problem. This study was aimed at analyzing connectivity and comfort. Mixed method research approach was employed. The data was gathered by a measuring tool, observation, and documentation. The analyzed using descriptive method. The results showed that the Braga Corridor segment 2 has provided visual psychic comfort and architecturally assisted thermal comfort in the morning and afternoon shadowing aspect, but for the comfort of the thermal beyond comfortable temperature zones.
THE IDENTITY OF BUTON MARADIKA TRADITIONAL HOUSES IN BAUBAU CITY
Authors: Zakaria Umar Muhammad , Faslih Arman , Rosyidah Sitti
Published: September 2018

Maradika's architectural identity tends to fade. This research is aimed at identifying and analyzing Maradika's house identity on the plan, view, and section. A general qualitative method is used in this study. Data were analyzed by descriptive and historical. This study concluded that Maradika's home identity as a supporter of the Buton Sultanate was reflected in the plan, view and section. In the plan category is made with a small size of 6.89 m2 x 3.89 m2. In the category of section there are round pole shapes, tada (poles supported by one elbow), poles planted soil, and poles dragged with close proximity. In the category of view there is no roof form of a double decker house, the shape of the pabate is made of triangle, and the ladder is placed perpendicular to the house.
ENVISIONING OPEN-AIR MUSEUM FOR INDONESIAN
Authors: Yusran Yusfan Adeputera
Published: September 2018

The founding of Skansen in the early of the 19th century was a milestone behind the phenomenon of Open-air museums all over the world. Although late, this phenomenon began to emerge in Indonesia since 1972 marked by the establishment of Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII). Behind all the controversy on its establishment, TMII has been recognized as one of the nation pride as well as the first instituted open-air museum in the country. Ahead, this noble purpose should be further envisaged as an opportunity for Indonesian to take a part in rescuing remaining vernacular houses as the provision for future generations recognize their identity. By observing TB Silalahi Center in Balige and Taman Nusa in Gianyar, this paper describes that the opportunity for Indonesian to conserve ex-situ their neglected vernacular houses also definitely could be realized. From the analysis, some constraint found in terms of management, specifically in financial issue, but proven does not make a significant barrier in making these both museums keep running. Need collaboration from related parties since there is no proper translocation procedure done and also the weaknesses of tangled documentation. This concern aroused in order to prospecting ex-situ conservation for Indonesian vernacular houses properly implemented as an Open-air museum.
REFLECTION ON ECOLOGICAL LEARNING THROUGH ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN STUDIO
Authors: Saginatari Diandra Pandu , Atmodiwirjo Paramita
Published: September 2018

Architecture, both in the practice and the education, is moving toward a higher environmental awareness. It is shown from the inclusion of ecology as one of the core subject in the curriculum. But, ecology is dominantly viewed and learned through a scientific and qualitative approach rather than a creative design methodology. This paper argues that ecology always has a potential to become the basis of creative design process. There are three key aspects in learning ecology in architecture: learning ecology as reading complexity, as understanding dynamicity, and as building up awareness of our position as designers. These key learning aspects are enabled by the nature of architectural design studio as educational environment. This paper examines the key aspects of ecological learning within one of the design studio in Universitas Indonesia. The study concludes that there is a relationship between the learning stages of the design project and the ecological understanding of the students.
STUDY ON SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS ON RUMAH PANGGONG IN SIJUK DISTRICT, BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Wihardyanto Dimas , . Sherlia
Published: September 2018

Rumah Panggong is a form of local architecture in Belitung Island, where there are not many architectural studies focusing on it. This study focused on the spatial aspect, because space is the firstly generated architectural design idea to facilitate activities or society culture before later developed into the form, structure, materials, and so forth. The approach used was qualitative descriptive with emphasis on data collection method using field observations, as well as data analysis method using a coding system, which included open coding, axial coding phase and selective coding phase. Through this research, it was found that Rumah Panggong is formed into 3 parts, namely mother room, suyok or porch, and cesspit. These 3 parts form the typo-morphology of the building. The basic spatial ideas of Rumah Panggong can be identified by its functionality, effectiveness, flexibility and most essentially its mother room existence.
GAP ANALYSIS OF TRAVELOKA.COM: HOTEL CONSUMERS’ EXPECTATIONS AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE WEBSITE
Authors: Andreani Fransisca , Winata Gabriella , Halim Eunike
Published: September 2018

Traveloka.com is one of the famous online travel agents to make hotel reservation in Indonesia. Consumers making online hotel reservation can sometimes find that the performance of the website does not meet their needs. This study is to analyze the gap between hotel consumer expectations and perceptions on the website dimensions of traveloka.com. It is a quantitative method with 150 respondents who made hotel re­ser­vations through traveloka.com. The analysis techniques used are mean test and paired t-test. The results show that there are significant gaps between consumer expectations and perceptions on the website dimensions of traveloka.com. The biggest gap is on the images displayed which are in accordance with the real conditions.
SUSTAINABLE FACTORS IN THE HUMAN ASSETS OF DANA HOTEL AS A HERITAGE HOTEL IN SOLO, INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyuniwati , Kartika Endo W. , Han Sia Tjun
Published: September 2018

This research aims to study what sustainable factors of Dana Hotel in the human assets; and also find out what the status of Dana Hotel, using VRIN analysis (Value, Rarity, Imperfect Imitability, and Non-Subs­ti­tu­ta­bility) from Natural Language Data of observation and in-depth interviews in a descriptive qua­litative study. In results, in order to achieve sustainability, Dana Hotel has valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable, and non-subs­titutable factors in the human assets. As the human assets are valuable, rare, im­perfectly imitable, and non-subs­titutable, the status of Dana Hotel is sustainable in the context of hu­man resources. It is concluded that following the success of Dana Hotel, organizations that have those fac­tors or even more, tend to have big opportunities to survive.
Development of Effective Catalysts for Hydrogen Storage Technology Using Formic Acid
Authors: Onishi Naoya , Iguchi Masayuki , Yang Xinchun , Kanega Ryoichi , Kawanami Hajime , Xu Qiang , Himeda Yuichiro
Published: September 2018

Hydrogen has attracted considerable attention as an energy source, and various attempts to develop suitable methods for hydrogen generation are made at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. In this paper, the authors introduce their recent strategies to store hydrogen using formic acid (FA) as a hydrogen carrier. FA, which is believed to be one of the most promising liquid organic hydrogen carriers, can provide a viable method for safe hydrogen transportation. In order to optimize the performance of hydrogen storage with FA, the authors have investigated both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. For example, Ir catalysts anchoring N^N‐bidentate ligands show high catalytic activity for both the reactions of FA synthesis and hydrogen generation from FA. Ultrafine Pd‐based nanoparticles are also immobilized on various supports, which show excellent catalytic performance for FA dehydrogenation under mild conditions. The authors also develop both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts to generate high‐pressure gases (H2 and CO2) over 120 and 35 MPa, respectively, from direct FA dehydrogenation without any compressing procedures. The generated high‐pressure gases (H2 and CO2) can be easily and simply separated by changing the fluid phase from the supercritical to gas–liquid phase by cooling without depressurization.
Modulating Electronic Structure of Metal‐Organic Framework for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Xue Ziqian , Li Yinle , Zhang Yawei , Geng Wei , Jia Baoming , Tang Jia , Bao Shixiong , Wang Hai‐Ping , Fan Yanan , Wei Zhang‐wen , Zhang Zishou , Ke Zhuofeng , Li Guangqin , Su Cheng‐Yong
Published: September 2018

Exploring effective electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a crucial requirement of many energy storage and conversion systems, involving fuel cells, water splitting, and metal–air batteries. Herein, a heterogeneity metal‐organic framework (MOF) is prepared by the assembling of metals, terephthalic (A) and 2‐aminoterephthalic ligands (B), defined as A2.7B‐MOF‐FeCo1.6. More importantly, A2.7B‐MOF‐FeCo1.6 exhibits excellent OER activity with an ultralow overpotential of 288 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 39 mV dec−1. The high electrocatalytic performance for OER is attributed to the optimized electronic structure of the intrinsic catalytic center in MOFs via the engineering of the metal node and linkers. The work offers not only a benchmark for pure MOFs in electrocatalysis but also a new efficient strategy to improve electrocatalytic performance by electronic structure engineering of catalytic active centers in MOFs.
A framework for quality measurement in the presurgical care of chronic rhinosinusitis: a review from the Quality Improvement Committee of the American Rhinologic Society
Authors: Mattos Jose L. , Soler Zachary M. , Rudmik Luke , Manes Peter R. , Higgins Thomas S. , Lee Jivianne , Schneider John , Setzen Michael , Parasher Arjun K. , Smith Timothy L. , Stokken Janalee K.
Published: September 2018

Background

Quality improvement (QI) in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is garnering increasing attention. Defining frameworks and metrics to assess the quality of key components in CRS management could assist in reducing unwarranted practice variation and increase high‐quality care.

Methods

A panel of the American Rhinologic Society (ARS) QI committee reviewed the literature to determine important presurgical components of CRS care that warrant QI. The evidence was organized into 4 categories: (1) diagnosis, (2) medical management, (3) appropriate patient selection for surgery, and (4) patient‐centered discussion. The combination of these categories was used to develop a framework termed the CRS Appropriate Presurgical Algorithm (CAPA).

Results

Prior to offering surgery for CRS, the best available evidence support the following quality metrics: (1) a guideline‐based diagnosis should be confirmed; (2) appropriate medical management, including a minimum of topical corticosteroid therapy and saline irrigations, should have been attempted (assuming patient tolerance); (3) a computed tomography (CT) scan should be obtained (to confirm the presence of sinus inflammation and for surgical planning); and (4) a patient‐centered discussion regarding treatment options for refractory CRS (ie, alternative medical therapies vs surgery vs observation) while focusing on risks and benefits, the need for long‐term medical compliance, and understanding of patient preferences and expectations.

Conclusion

Defining metrics that assess key components to CRS care prior to offering surgery has the potential to further improve upon an already successful treatment paradigm, reduce unwarranted practice variation, and to ensure that patients are receiving a similar level of high‐quality care.
Analysis of performance and mechanism of Buton rock asphalt modified asphalt
Authors: Lv Songtao , Fan Xiyan , Yao Hui , You Lingyun , You Zhanping , Fan Guopeng
Published: September 2018

The performance and modification mechanism of Buton rock asphalt (BRA) modified asphalt were analyzed. The road performance of modified asphalt was observed and compared with SBS modified asphalt to confirm the modification mechanism. Four‐component test, and dynamic shear rheological tests were conducted to identify the performance of modified asphalt. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was carried out to analyze the modification mechanism of modified asphalt. Finally, the rutting, low‐temperature bending beam failure, and freeze–thaw splitting tests were used to evaluate the high‐temperature performance, low‐temperature cracking resistance, and water stability performance of mixtures, respectively. The results show that the high‐temperature performance of asphalt can be improved by BRA with asphaltene and resin increased. It is likely that there is no new functional group generated and this process was physical changes mainly. The honeycomb structure of BRA ashes/particles increased the contact area between the base asphalt and BRA ashes/particles, which makes the asphalt change from the homogeneous body into a two‐phase continuous structure system. Consequently, the adhesion between asphalt and BRA ashes/particles was enhanced, and the dynamic stability, bending coefficient and splitting strength ratio were improved. It indicates that the test results of asphalt mixtures verified the modification effect of BRA. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 46903.
Ru‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles, Aromatics, Olefins, Alkynes and Esters
Authors: Alshakova Iryna D. , Gabidullin Bulat , Nikonov Georgii I.
Published: September 2018

This paper reports the preparation of new ruthenium(II) complexes supported by a pyrazole‐phosphine ligand and their application to transfer hydrogenation of various substrates. These Ru complexes were found to be efficient catalysts for the reduction of nitriles and olefins. Heterocyclic compounds undergo transfer hydrogenation with good to moderate yields, affording examples of unusual hydrogenation of all‐carbon‐rings. Internal alkynes with bulky substituents show selective reduction to olefins with the unusual E–selectivity. Esters with strong electron‐withdrawing groups can be reduced to the corresponding alcohols, if ethanol is used as the solvent. Possible mechanisms of hydrogenation and olefin isomerization are suggested on the basis of kinetic studies and labelling experiments.
Highly Stable Single‐Atom Catalyst with Ionic Pd Active Sites Supported on N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Formic Acid Decomposition
Authors: Podyacheva Olga Y. , Bulushev Dmitri A. , Suboch Arina N. , Svintsitskiy Dmitry A. , Lisitsyn Alexander S. , Modin Evgeny , Chuvilin Andrey , Gerasimov Evgeny Y. , Sobolev Vladimir I. , Parmon Valentin N.
Published: September 2018

Single‐atom catalysts with ionic Pd active sites supported on nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes have been synthesized with a palladium content of 0.2–0.5 wt %. The Pd sites exhibited unexpectedly high stability up to 500 °C in a hydrogen atmosphere which was explained by coordination of the Pd ions by nitrogen‐containing fragments of graphene layers. The active sites showed a high rate of gas‐phase formic acid decomposition yielding hydrogen. An increase in Pd content was accompanied by the formation of metallic nanoparticles with a size of 1.2–1.4 nm and by a decrease in the catalytic activity. The high stability of the single‐atom Pd sites opens possibilities for using such catalysts in high‐temperature reactions.