bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of students’ understanding of mathematical concept with STAD type cooperative learning through student worksheets
Authors: Nasution M L , Hafizah N
Published: May 2020

The objectives of hierarchical learning in hierarchical learning start from understanding mathematical concepts to a higher level. Understanding mathematical concepts is the initial foundation for students to be able to achieve other mathematical goals. This shows that the ability to understand mathematical concepts is a basic ability that students must have in learning mathematics. One mathematical learning model that can help understanding mathematical concepts is to apply the STAD type cooperative learning model. The STAD cooperative learning model is a model that is able to improve students ‘understanding of mathematical concepts because each stage of the learning model is able to support in improving students’ understanding of mathematical concepts. To find out and describe the development of students’ understanding of mathematical concepts with the STAD type cooperative learning model through student worksheets, a study was conducted in class VIII 3 of SMP Negeri 18 Padang. The quiz was conducted 6 quizzes and the results of the study showed that there had been an increase in understanding of students’ mathematical concepts during the application of the STAD type cooperative learning model.
The preliminary research phases of learning devices based guided discovery development to improve the students’ problem solving ability of grade vii MTS/SMP
Authors: Hakim R P , Asmar A
Published: May 2020

This research aims to develop a learning devices based on guided discovery methods that have valid, practical, and effective characteristics in order to improve the problem solving ability of grade VII SMP/MTs. The learning devices developed include lesson plan and student worksheet. The subject of this research was students of grade VII MTsN 1 Kerinci. The type of this research is development research using a PLOMP model that has three phases, namely, preliminary research, development or prototyping and assessment. The preliminary phase of research consists of needs analysis, curriculum analysis, student analysis, and concept analysis. Based on the results of preliminary research obtained the information that student problem-solving ability are not optimal, one of the factors that cause this is the unavailability of learning devices that can facilitate Students to improve their problem solving abilities. In the development or prototyping phase of the activities conducted is designing products such as lesson plan and student based Discovery guided, which then conducted a formative evaluation to determine the validity and practicality of the product. At the last stage, the assessment phase is conducted assessment of practicality test and effectiveness test.
Stability analysis of prey predator model Holling type II with infected prey
Authors: Latipah K , Putri A R , Syafwan M
Published: May 2020

We describe a prey-predator model with infected prey. The model using Holling response function of type II is a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations consisting of two distinct population. Critical points of the model was determined and stability of the system was analyzed by eigenvalues of Jacobian matrix. The behaviour of the dynamical system was analyzed through this stability. Furthermore, threshold number determining the system is free of disease or infected was computed. Numerical solutions are presented on phase plane to confirm the analytical solutions.
Analytical study and numerical simulation of diffusive prey predator model with Holling type II functional response
Authors: Satria A , Putri A R , Syafwan M
Published: May 2020

A prey predator model which consists of two distinct population is discussed. The model used Holling response function of type II without limiting on prey population growth. Equilibrium points of the model was determined and stability of the model was analyzed by phase plane analysis. Furthermore, the model is reformulated by adding a diffusive terms to understand the spatial effect of the dynamical system behaviour. Solutions of the diffusive model were numerically illustrated with Neumann boundary conditions. Numerical simulations are presented to confirm the analytical results.
The existence and stability of onsite solitons in a driven discrete nonlinear nonlocal Schrödinger equation
Authors: Putra G , Syafwan M , Haripamyu H
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we examine numerically the existence and stability of onsite solitons in a driven discrete nonlinear nonlocal Schrödinger equation. The equation interpolates cubic and Ablowitz-Ladik nonlocal equations. We obtain that the solitons are always stable for small interpolation parameter. We also obtain that the driving parametric can destabilize the soliton solution.
Hierarchical Bayesian Modelling in Small Area for Estimating Binary Data
Authors: Sari A D , Yanuar F
Published: May 2020

Indonesian’s data are obtained from BPS from census, but census are designed for large area. Now, local goverments need to have reliable and detailed information in small area. Direct estimation are unreliable to be applied in small area because produced high mean square error (MSE). To overcome this problem, we use the indirect estimation Small Area Estimation Hierarchical Bayesian (SAE HB) with Logit Normal as the model. From this study founded that HB produced a smaller MSE than direct estimation
Teachers’ perception of media tools in mathematics learning at senior high school
Authors: Mukhni M , Mirna M , Khairani K
Published: May 2020

Media tools are always been believed can increase students’ learning outcomes. This study is to describe mathematics teachers’ perspective of media tools in mathematics learning. Instrument is a questionnaire about media tools in Likert scale. Questionnaire was delivered to 35 mathematics teachers in Padang Pariaman. The result shows that mathematics teachers have good perspective of media tools in mathematics learning at senor high school but the frequency of using it is still low.
Identification of Spatial Autocorrelation in the Poverty Level in West Pasaman Regency with Moran Index
Authors: Sari F M , Frananda H , Fransiska S
Published: May 2020

West Pasaman Regency is one of the 50 largest disadvantaged regions in Indonesia. One indicator of disadvantaged areas is there are still many poor people in the area. The level of poverty in an area is estimated to be influenced by the poverty of the surrounding area. Relationships between these regions can be known by calculating spatial autocorrelation. This research aims to determine spatial autocorrelation in the poverty level in West Pasaman using the MoranIndex. The results of this study indicate thatthe poverty level in West Pasamanhave positive spatial autocorrelation, but the correlation is weak because the Moran Index value is close to 0, which is 0.0765.
Hand’s on Activity to Increase Student’s Understanding about Place Value at Elementary School
Authors: Dwina F , Sriningsih R , Rusyda N A
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this research was to increase student’s understanding about place value at elementary school. This research was conducted at second grade of an elementary public school no 13 in Kecamatan Padang Barat. There were three phases of the development: preliminary research, development/prototype phase, and assessment phase. The model of development was adapted from Plomp model. This research was focused until development/prototyping and implementation. The first step was discuss with teacher to get some information about the problems in mathematics instruction at the second grade. The teacher still have the difficulty how to show the real process in addition and subtraction operation at natural number. The second step was preparing the Base Ten Blocks and creating the booklet about how to use it. In this prototyping phase the booklet was corrected by teacher and expert. This phase had micro-cycle until the teacher and the students find the booklet useful. In first prototype, validation was conducted by self-evaluation and expert review. After the revision of the first prototype, the second prototype was created, and then it was used to know about its practicality by implementation in small group evaluation and student in class.
The influence of realistic mathematics education (RME) approach with the TANDUR on understanding the concepts and solving mathematical problems on grade 8 in smp negeri 1 pantai cermin
Authors: Yuniati B Y , Armiati A , Musdi E
Published: May 2020

The aims from this study observe at the effect of using the RME approach with the TANDUR design on students’ ability to understand concepts and solve problems in Mathematics in SMP Negeri 1 Pantai Cermin both to the students who had high previous knowledge and those who had low previous knowledge. This was a quasi-experimental research. Samples are choose using randomized sample. Data are analysed using t-test, Mann Whitney test and two Ways Anova using MINITAB software. The result of data analysis showed that: (1) the application of RME with TANDUR can improve students’ MPS skills and still need to improve their ability to understand concepts, (4) there was no interaction between learning approaches and previous knowledge toward the eighth grade students.
Validity Of Mathematical Learning Material Based On Model Eliciting Activities (MEAS) Approach To Improve Mathematical Creative Thinking Skill Of Students
Authors: Aziz S A , Irwan I
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses the validity of mathematical learning material based on MEAS approach in improving mathematical creative thinking skills of high school students. This learning material was validated by experts from mathematics, language and educational technology backgrounds. The conclusion that the learning material was categorized valid and can improve students’ creative thinking skills.
Alternative Constructs of the Lemniscate of Bernoulli
Authors: Mashadi M , Deswita L , Suprika G
Published: May 2020

Until now there are at least three alternative methods of constructing lemniscate of Bernoulli. In this paper six alternative methods will be given to construct Lemniscate of Bernoulli in a simple way. Furthermore, at the end of the session will be given how to construct the incircle of Lemniscate of Bernoulli.
Increasing Student Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability Through the Development of Geometry Instructional Device Based on Van Hiele’s Theory
Authors: Musdi E , Permana D , Wiska S , Rusyda N A
Published: May 2020

Objective of this study is to increase students’ critical thinking skills through geometry instructional device based on Van Hiele’s theory. Instructional devices developed include lesson plans and student worksheet based on Van Hiele’s theory. The stages of instructional are integrated with the stages of learning Van Hiele’s theory which consists of five stages, namely information, direction orientation, explication, free orientation, and integration. The development model used is adapted from the Plomp model which consists of three phases, namely the initial investigation phase, the prototype development phase, and the assessment phase. The subjects of this study were grade VIII students of SMP 13 Padang. The results of the research obtained showed an increase in indicators of mathematical critical thinking abilities of students using geometry instructional devices based on Van Hiele’s theory.
The Effectiveness of AR-Geometry Interactive Book in Increasing Students’ Mathematical Reasoning Skill
Authors: Suherman S , Zafirah A , Agusti FA , Usman R
Published: May 2020

Mathematics is a subject that requires the students to gain reasoning abilities. Reasoning ability can be found when students learn geometry material. However, several studies concluded that geometry material is one of the difficult material for students. Difficulty of geometry is caused by the majority of mathematics teachers still use conventional media and teaching instruments in learning, especially in term of constructing the space. This is implemented on the AR-Geometry Interactive Book. This book is designed by using the principle of interactive 3D (three-dimensional) appearance by utilizing Augmented Reality (AR) based technology. This research uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The first qualitative data was taken by depth interviews to 4 informants selected with certain conditions using purposive sampling technique. The first phase of data collection aims to explore the information related to student interest in using the AR-Geometry Interactive Book. Furthermore, the second stage data was taken using a questionnaire to 21students in class VIII of SMPN 4 Ujung Batu. The second stage of data collection aims to support the results of the first phase of the research, all data in the second stage were then analyzed descriptively using quantitative analysis tools. Overall, the results of the second analysis indicate that the AR Geometry Book is appropriate to use in learning. To see students’ mathematical reasoning abilities, tests were conducted by testing 3 essay questions. The results of the study prove that the use of AR-Geometry Interactive can improve students’ mathematical reasoning abilities.
Development of mathematical based constructivism learning tool to improve students’ mathematical reasoning abilities
Authors: Sari M I P , Musdi E
Published: May 2020

The research that has been overshadowed in which teaching materials used by students are not all of the material in accordance with the KD. So that the material presented elusive student and as a result students awaiting an explanation by the teacher. Therefore, to create students who are active in learning, students can build their own thoughts or develop his own knowledge is to improve students’ reasoning skills learning concept. To improve reasoning skills students need learning tools that make the students can learn and be independent in constructing ideas. And with the development of mathematical learning prangkat based constructivist approach, students can become more active, independent and able to build the knowledge gained.
Carbon stored in tree biomass of Cigerendeng Research Forest, Ciamis, West Java
Authors: Indrajaya Y , Mulyana S
Published: May 2020

Trees naturally may contribute to climate change mitigation through photosynthesis process that absorbs carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and stored in their biomass. The amount of carbon stored in tree biomass depends on the size of tree, species, and population per area. This study aims to analyse the amount of carbon stored in Cigerendeng Research Forest (CRF), West Java that is managed by Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA). This forest is dominated by mahogany and dipterocarp species originally having been planted in Sumatera and Kalimantan starting from the 1930s. Species-specific allometric and general allometric are utilised to estimate the weight of the above ground biomass. Below ground biomass is estimated by allometric equation of Cairns et al (1997). The results of this study show that carbon stored in tree biomass of Cigerendeng Research Forest (CRF) in 2009 and 2015 were 156 and 199 ton per ha respectively, with relatively dominated by old trees. The growth of trees in the CRF area could store 43 ton per ha in 6 years (from 2009 to 2015). The CRF manager utilizes the CRF by selling its environmental services (i.e. amenity and carbon), instead of harvesting.
Adat community and climate change adaptation measures: case of Kasepuhan Karang
Authors: Sylviani  , Surati  , Sakuntaladewi N , Sumirat B K
Published: May 2020

Adat community (AC) needs for being adaptive to survive against the negative impacts of climate change and unexpected extreme conditions. They are very dependent on forest resources and practices of local wisdom to survive from various climate conditions. This paper aims to analyze the adaptation strategy of Kasepuhan Karang AC, Lebak District, Banten Province, towards climate change. Data are analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results show that the AC has no knowledge of climate change. However, the local wisdom reflected in their customary rules has until recently been able to make the AC to maintain their customary forest cover and manage its sustainably. They have never experienced a shortage of food and water, and are free from the huge flood disasters that hit several areas around it. This customary rule has proven that they are able to remain survived. But the increase of population and the development process has formed its own challenges. Their adaptation efforts are intended to improve the biophysical environment, expand business opportunities, and seeking breakthroughs in the use of their inherited land. Local wisdom is able to make AC survived, to anticipate population development, to adapt to climatic conditions and extreme conditions, and to make AC not being exposed towards climate change.
Strengthening Indonesian production forest governance
Authors: Suryanto  , Sayektiningsih T
Published: May 2020

The Indonesian Corruption Eradication Commission indicates some leakages in timber governance as a result of poor forest governance. This study aimes to provide some insights in strengthening Indonesian production forest governance by using approaches of effective land-use (ELu), timber production (TP) and Non-tax state revenue (NtSR). Multi-stage analysis are deployed by using main data of forest cover and TP in 2017. Results show that there are 20.84Mha of active forest concessions which is only 11.06Mha administered with ELu, so it is 75.45% of 45.05Mha potential production forests which are un-utilized. There are three-strategic steps proposed, namely: realistic, optimistic and optimistic-realistic. Realistic strategy is proposed to fix TP governance and improve accountability. This step would improve TP by 79.54M m3/year and add NtSR by IDR 2.21trillion/year. Optimistic strategy is proposed to encourage each forest concession implements multi system-sylviculture, so that it would add ELu by 9.48Mha. Optimistic-realistic strategy is implemented by encouraging investment in the 45.05Mha of potential extents of production forest. These all steps would increase ELu to 32.95Mha; TP to 342.54M m3/year and NtSR to IDR 10.41 trillion/year. It would strengthen the National Forestry Planning which initially targeted TP of 376.5M m3/year by2030; however, it is currently stagnant on 44.29M m3/year since the plan was set in 2011.
Study of social and economic aspects of renewable energy policies
Authors: Effendi R , Maryani R , Justianto A
Published: May 2020

Energy from wood, as renewable energy, sourced from forest biomass is urgent to be developed because its availability is decreasing.The study focused on the socio-economic and policy aspects of biomass energyso that the development of plantation forests is more optimal to support energy security.The study was conducted in Jakarta and West Java provinces especially in Bandung in 2017 to provide information on social economic situationin developing policy for renewable energy sourced from forest biomass. The two locations are selected because they are the national and the provincial capitals that are rich with information and data related to existing regulations/policies for the development of renewable energy. Economic and financial analysis is conducted to see the feasibility of developing a forest biomass energy business. The results show that the potential for renewable energy from forest biomass is very largeinthe forms of feedstocks. Forest areas in Indonesia are very strategic for providing biomass-based energy resources. Energy Plantation Forest (HTE) is a potential and reliable energy source to be developed as a source of sustainable raw materials. This can accelerate the commitment of the MOEF in achieving renewable energi based on forest biomass that will contribute 5% to the national energy mix in 2025. It is recommended to: 1) provide policy support in the common vision of developing a renewable energy industry from forest biomass, 2) formulate policies on upstream-downstream HTE development policies, and 3) increase the competitiveness of HTE wood species for the utilization of forest biomass energy.
Out of fire disaster: dynamics of livelihood strategies of rural community on peatland use and management
Authors: Winarno B , Rohadi D , Herawati T , Rahmat M , Suwarno E
Published: May 2020

Rural community in peatland is less concerned actor during the recurrent fire disaster. This disaster has already diminished the source of livelihoods. There is limited information about the dynamics of the livelihoods related to the use of fire in peatland. This paper examines the dynamics of rural livelihoods and the adaptation livelihoods strategies in degraded peatland. Data are collected by field survey, in-depth interview, focus group discussion in three villages at Riau Province and they are analyzed descriptively. Peatland is the only remaining important resource for the rural people after fire disaster. They will select prospective commodities based on their capabilities and access to market. Rural community are more intensive in using the resource of peatland for their livelihoods with the growing interest to several commodities. Recent community livelihoods depend on some certain commodities (palm oil, areca nut, rubber) and tend to conduct expansive and monoculture land use strategy rather than polyculture strategy. Diversification livelihood with adaptive and valuable commodities through trainings, continuous coaching and building business.
Challenges of mangrove management in supporting climate change mitigation policy in East Kalimantan
Authors: Salminah M , Alviya I , Ekawati S , Salaka F , Kartikasari G , Subarudi  , Bachri A
Published: May 2020

East Kalimantan Government has set up mangrove programs such as rehabilitation, silvofishery, social forestry and land reform to support its commitment in reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation. This paper investigates potential challenges in implementation of the programs by exploring local community’s understanding on the role of mangroves in climate change and their acceptance to the mangrove programs. The results are discussed in the context of theories related to community-based natural resources management and property rights. Survey using questionnaires is followed by in-depth interview and it shows that most respondents understand the importance of mangroves in climate change mitigation but are not well informed about the programs. They are also objected to the land reform and social forestry programs because the programs do not provide comparable compensation. This finding is congruent with the theories of property rights and co-management of natural resources. To increase community’s acceptance, legalization of occupied mangrove land, therefore, needs to be followed by other interventions such as awareness raising programs, financial support and market control as extra benefits for the local communities. The central and local governments also need to intensively communicate with the local communities to arrange technical, administrative and political mechanisms in collaborative mangrove management.
A policy review on the development of wood-based biomass energy: strengthening incentive for investment
Authors: Subarudi  , Kartika Sari Galih
Published: May 2020

Problem on national energy becomes important in relation to National Determined Contribution (NDC) particularly emission target from energy sector. One of renewable energies is wood based biomass energy (WBBE). The objectives of the research are: (i) to review policies on WBBE development, and (ii) to provide share estimation of WBBE in national energy supply. Method used is content of analysis for reviewing regulations on energy field and supply and demand for estimating share of WBBE. Research shows that WBBE is an alternative energy as substitution for now renewable energies such as oil and gases and coal. However, this still requires, such as, presidential instruction related to WBBE provision and utilization. Potential tree species for WBBE are Kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus), Akasia (Acacia auriculiformis), Gamal (Gliricidia sepium), dan Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala). In national energy mix, WWBE is allocated with other energies for 2%. This share can be increased more than 2% if it is supported by various policies at national and field levels, and provision of forest and land by Ministry of Environment and Forestry and National Land Agency.
Sources of income from HTR areas in Boalemo: no single policy for improving welfare of the communities
Authors: Suka A P , Surati  , Kurniasari D R , Justianto A
Published: May 2020

Under social forestry programme, community plantation forest (HTR) scheme aims to increase welfare of farmers and provide timber supply for industry, while at the same time also improve the environment. HTR permit has been granted to forest farmer groups in Boalemo District since 2012. This research tries to explore how farmers make use of both their HTR and private land, contribution of these land into household income and how the land-use systems applied would determine environment condition. Results reveals that agriculture and estate crops contributes for about 56% and 38% respectively into total income of households. In addition, when most farmers manage their private land, contribution of the private land provides almost twice to total income compared with income contribution from HTR land. Meanwhile, floods has been hit Boalemo District every year with more people suffering from the floods. Learnt from research results and findings, opportunities to combine various policies are available to utilize the HTR land for growing trees for future income, and the farmers can continue their current land-use system in their private land for short- and medium-term income. Considering the HTR land are located in hilly contour, the trees could potentially reduce erosion and flood incidents.
Development of wood pellets processing industry for renewable energy
Authors: Effendi R , Bangsawan I , Maryani R , Justianto A
Published: May 2020

Wood pellets are environmentally friendly fuel with zero carbon emissions that have been recognized by the United Nations. This study aims to provide data and information to the development of wood pellets as a renewable energy. The study was carried out in Ciamis Regencies in 2017. These locations have a lot of potential for sawn timber and plywood industries, and wood pellet trading activities. The study employed descriptive analysis coupled with economic and financial analyses. The study shows that the wood pellet industry development needs to focus on the improvement and management of the value and supply chains. There are 5 stages in development wood pellet industries, comprising: 1) observation and identification, 2) regional planning and developing supporting infrastructure, 3) technology planning, building production and training facilities, 4) pelletizing, and 5) designing institution for production and marketing. A potential source of raw material for the processing of wood pellets are feasible to be developed in Ciamis.in terms of social, economic, environmental and policy aspects. The potential market for wood pellets in West Java are tempe and tofu industries, textile industries, farm and food industries. All of these illustrate the good prospect for developing wood pellets for the renewable energy business.
Benefit and perceptions of people towards karst in Pangkep District, South Sulawesi
Authors: Hayati N , Dewi I N
Published: May 2020

Karst is very important because it has unique potential, diverse resource and has many benefits. Karst has a role in climate change, related to the provision of water resources and absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide. For some people around karst, the benefits of karst are still unrecognized. This research aims to know the benefits of karst, level of perception and relationship of perceptions with the respondent characteristics to karst as water storage in Pangkep District. Data are collected by field observations, interviews, questionnaires and literature studies. Data are analyzed implementing descriptive analysis, Chi-Square, and Coefficients Correlation. The results of community perception show that karst function as a store of water (60%), tourism (10%), windbreaks (10%), land for farming (5%), mining (3%), microclimate regulators (3%) and others (9%). The level of public perception towards karst as water storage is moderate. There is a relationship between people’s perceptions and their level of formal and informal education, water-sources uses and gender. The relationship between perceptions and the level of informal education is the strongest with a medium category. To improve perceptions of karst function, socialization is needed about the importance of maintaining karst existence for the community.
Making community forestry work for climate change mitigation: case on production forest areas in Veteran Jaya Village, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari S , Premono B T , Winarno B , Kunarso A , Lukman A H
Published: May 2020

Community Forestry becomes new paradigm in the forest management system in Indonesia. Through this mechanism, it is expected that the role of the community in forest management will be stronger and the benefits of forests to improve community welfare can be realized. This study aims to determine the impacts of community forestry programs and also to observe further how the community rehabilitates marginal forest areas as an effort to reduce the effects of climate change. Surveys, FGD and interviews to stakeholders and community groups that obtain forest management rights are conducted to collect data. The research-results explain that community-forestry-permit provides a freedom for the community, hence they could manage the land optimally. The implementation of community forestry still requires assistance from local government as a facilitator so that the programs carried out are truly useful and provide optimal results. Furthermore, the establishment of institutions, program design, and planning in the management system also still needs to be strengthened. The term of climate change has not been widely known by the community in rural areas of South Sumatra. However, they have realized the impact of climate change. Rehabilitation activities and several efforts to increase the number of land cover in community forestry area will be an opportunity to improve the ecosystems condition, mitigate the climate change and diversify commodity choices of the community for better livelihoods.
Joint production of wood, resin, and carbon from pine plantation forest in Java
Authors: Indrajaya Y
Published: May 2020

Pine (Pinus merkusii) plantation forest has been developed in Java Island under Perhutani management with clear-cutting and artificial regeneration silviculture system. The main products of pine plantation forests are wood and resin. Although the Indonesian government has committed to reduce the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission for 26% by 2020 with voluntary efforts, pine plantation forest may contribute to reduce GHGs emission through enhancing carbon stock. The additional income from carbon sales might or might not change the optimal rotation of the pine forest. This study aims to analyze the effects of additional income from resin and carbon benefits on the optimal rotation of pine plantation forest in Java. The modified Faustmann model is used to determine the optimal rotation. The results of this study show that (1) the inclusion of resin benefits may lengthen the optimal rotation age, (2) the optimal rotation of timber and resin production of pine forest in Java for size class III, IV, V, and VI are 34, 33 32, and 30 years respectively, (3) additional income from carbon sales may increase carbon stock by 8%, and lengthen optimal rotation for 3 years. Perhutani may change the optimal rotation due to additional benefits from resin and carbon.
Mangrove management and climate change: a review in Indonesia
Authors: Arifanti V B
Published: May 2020

Mangrove deforestation and degradation have been occurring at alarming rates. Indonesia, a country with the largest mangrove coverage in the world, experiences the highest mangrove loss mainly due to mangrove conversion to aquaculture. If this destruction continues, loss of a very unique ecosystem that has multi-benefits ecologically, socially and economically will happen. This paper aims to unravel the sensitivity and potential mitigation capacity of mangrove ecosystem to climate change, describe how mangroves have been managed in Indonesia and how they should be managed in the future. Studies haved confirmed the significant mitigation capacity of mangrove ecosystems to climate change, not only in terms of carbon storage and sequestration, but also the resilience and buffering capacity of this ecosystem to climate-induced catastrophic events. To ensure the existence of this ecosystem, mangrove management in Indonesia, which are mandated to Coordinating Ministry of Maritime and Investment, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Affairs, Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas) and Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, should be strengthened and improved by removing barriers and avoiding the business-as-usual practices that would lead to management failure.
Creation of autonomous groups of combine harvesters and tractors for agriculture based on the Mivar decision-making systems “ROBO!RAZUM”
Authors: Varlamov O O , Aladin D V , Adamova L E , Chuvikov D A , Saraev D V
Published: May 2020

The Mivar decision-making system (MDMS) “ROBO!RAZUM” can be used to control autonomous combine harvesters and tractors, which can additionally perform a variety of actions in the process of moving through the field: working in group interaction mode, performing tasks in different weather conditions and even with a faulty or disabled technical vision using the internal map of the area and information from internal inertial sensors or from the GLONASS system. The theoretical basis for the application of MDMS “ROBO!RAZUM” is the result of the practical implementation of MIPRA program, which dramatically reduced the requirements for equipment and time to solve the problems of STRIPS-planning robot actions.
About the project developing “MIPRA” – the intelligent planner in the state space for vehicles, tractors, and robots based on the architectural solutions of the Mivar systems for traffic enforcement
Authors: Aladin D V , Varlamov O O , Adamova L E , Chuvikov D A , Fedoseev D A
Published: May 2020

The task of creating a logical “strong” artificial intelligence (AI) to be used as new decision-making systems for autonomous vehicles, tractors, and robotic systems draws increasing attention of scientists around the world. Essentially, it is the creation of “brains” for vehicles and any other transport systems, including cyber-physical systems. The mivar technologies of logical AI allowed solving many problems at a qualitatively new level and reducing the decision-making time from billions of years to hundredths of seconds, which enables real-time vehicle control. This paper shows how the application of mivar products (mivar expert systems) allows solving another class of problems – state-space planning (STRIPS planning). In turn, the solutions of these problems enable the development of driver assistance systems at a new level and creation of a fully autonomous vehicle.
Features and prospects of the electric vehicle in the Vietnamese automobile market
Authors: Minh Nguyen Khac
Published: May 2020

In this scientific paper, the author attempts exploring the notable features and the prospects for the advancement of the electric vehicle in the Vietnamese automobile market. The need for utilizing electric vehicles, the challenges associated with the development and marketing of them, and advantages for the Vietnamese market are broke down in detail. An analysis of reliable data showed that in recent years, the automotive industry in Vietnam has developed quickly. Vietnam has many advantageous conditions for development and success in the electric vehicle market. However, to rapidly effectively execute the strategy of electric vehicles, more preferential policies of the Vietnamese government are required and it is necessary to build close relationships with the world’s automobile manufacturers.
Testing and calculation of vehicle adaptive suspension air springs
Authors: Yurlin D , Bakhmutov S , Kulagin V , Kuleshov R
Published: May 2020

The paper is dedicated to describing the methods of measuring the characteristics of suspension air springs (elastic pneumatic elements) on a test bench, as well as to the methods of evaluating their effect on vehicle parameters. The results of the measurement of air spring characteristics on the test bench under various conditions are presented together with the analysis of changes in their properties. A method for setting a universal force (load bearing) characteristic of the air spring, as well as a method for simulating it in the vehicle are suggested. The results of the vehicle simulation with characteristics of the air springs of different stiffness are shown, a numerical interval of the possible change in the vehicle behaviour parameters in case of change of suspension stiffness in the process of driving is specified.
Development of Calculation Research Method for Exhaust System Main Elements Acoustic Characteristics
Authors: Rakhmatov R I , Krutolapov V E , Zuzov V N
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a calculation method for researching acoustic characteristics of the exhaust system main elements in modern motor vehicles. The acoustic characteristics of the absorbing materials used in the muffler have been defined by method of calculation and experiment.
Modeling the algorithm of the automatic emergency braking system with the prediction of the coefficient of tire grip
Authors: Petin V V , Keller A V
Published: May 2020

The problem of improving road safety is currently one of the most significant in the automotive industry. One of the promising ways to improve road safety is the development and introducing of intelligent active safety systems for automobiles. To solve the problem of improving safety, world leaders in the automotive industry are actively engaged in the development and implementation of intelligent control systems that provide control over the movement of the car and can partially intervene in driving. The article is devoted to the effectiveness of the automatic emergency braking system in accordance with the climatic and road conditions of Russia. The report discusses the problems of determining the coupling properties of the wheels of a car with a road on various surfaces, discusses the problems of predicting braking distance. Options for improving forecasting and building algorithms for the automatic emergency braking system are considered.
Some aspects of modern automobile transport development
Authors: Kotliarenko V I
Published: May 2020

The paper treats modern automobile transport development tendencies. In this regard, the main focus is on safety and ecology. Road accidents (hereinafter referred to as RA) are one of the main causes of death in the world, and every year they claim over 1.35 million lives, lead to injuries of up to 50 million people, and are ranked eighth among the main causes of death for all age groups. The economic losses caused by RAs in some countries reach 5% of the gross domestic product, in the Russian Federation this share is around 2%. The transport sector produces 18% of all global anthropogenic emissions and 23% of greenhouse gas emissions related to the energy industry. 3 million people die annually due to air pollution. A part of the listed problems can be solved by means of increasing vehicles’ autonomy and by creating driverless vehicles, the advantages of which are evident: safety - minimization of RAs which mostly occur due to human error; environmental friendliness - quantity optimization of the vehicle fleet, road traffic organization (optimal selecting route and driving modes) and decrease of fuel consumption (selecting driving modes); economic efficiency - decrease of costs for insurance and rapid-response (emergency) medicine in case of RA, decrease of cargo and people transportation costs by means of economizing driver’s salary and economizing fuel.
System of Requirements and Testing Procedures for Autonomous Driving Technologies
Authors: Ivanov A M , Shadrin S S
Published: May 2020

This article is dedicated to the subject of autonomous driving technologies’ testing system development for the purposes of technology certification on local market with respect to the local operational peculiarities and road safety aspects. The overview of UNECE document ‘Proposal for the Future Certification of Automated/Autonomous Driving Systems’ (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRVA/2019/13) is presented. Proposals for critical testing scenarios localization and complex virtual tests conduction are introduced, practical results are presented.
Novel Adaptive Control Method for BLCD Drive of Electric Bike for Vietnam Environment
Authors: Khanh Chuong Nguyen , Balasooriya Sachintha , Kavalchuk I , Kolbasov A , Karpukhin K , Terenchenko A
Published: May 2020

Electric bikes are a rising mode of transportation in developing countries as their use reduce the use of hydrocarbon-based energy sources as well as increases convenience for the commuters within the city by reducing traffic. Furthermore, the electric bikes have low noise emission and no exhaust gases produced, which improves the environmental footprint. Due to the Vietnam regulations, most electric bikes use brushless wheel-hub motors as the main drivetrain solution paired with various types of batteries. The key challenges in the design of the drivetrains are related to the efficiency and controllability areas, so the response of the drivetrain can be improved. The key area of improvement lies in the control system design to optimize the performance and energy consumption. This paper presents the research done on developing of optimization PID control algorithms by using GA (Generic Algorithm) and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) for driving a synchronized brushless DC motor for the electric bikes.
The performance assessment of low-cost air pollution sensor in city and the prospect of the autonomous vehicle for air pollution reduction
Authors: Phuong Linh Le Thi , Kavalchuk Ilya , Kolbasov A , Karpukhin K , Terenchenko A
Published: May 2020

Urban air pollution is clearly a constantly growing problem and the high level of urban air pollution has been shown to pose a significant risk to city dwellers. It is necessary to have low-cost sensors for data collection, ready data source allowing normal citizen to access to and gain information, and have prospect solutions (e.g. autonomous vehicle) for air pollution reduction in the city. The aim of the study is to illustrate the drivers behind the use of low-cost sensors and to review the performance of sensors. In addition, autonomous vehicle is expected to reduce pollution; therefore, the paper analyzes the benefits and adoption of autonomous vehicles in the future. The challenges and outlook for both low-cost sensor deployment and the adoption of self-driving vehicle will also be discussed. A literature review is used to obtain these aims. The study indicates that the main driver of low-cost sensor is to provide high-density spatiotemporal pollution data, assisting in creating emission inventories of pollutants and detecting pollution hotspots without capital investments. A number of performance aspects considered include the coefficients of determination (R2), variance (CV), repeatability, reproducibly and stability of the sensor. Self-driving vehicle is promising in the change of travel patterns and having impacts on the health of society. Technology and economic challenges, the willingness to use the sensor and the autonomous policy approach are the major challenges. In terms of the outlook, standard guidelines and the calibration methods for low-cost sensors, energy consumption savings and policy supporting for autonomous vehicle should be further investigated.
Experience in the development of an effective thermal management system for the high-voltage battery of the vehicle
Authors: Kurmaev R Kh , Struchkov V S , Novak V V
Published: May 2020

For the effective operation of the vehicle, which includes a high-voltage battery (HVB), it is first necessary to understand what conditions it is designed for. There are a number of criteria for the selection of HVBs for vehicles. One of them is the thermal management system, which ensures the operation of a HVB in optimal temperature mode. In HVBs, it is necessary to maintain an optimum temperature for maximum efficiency and service life. The article discusses the preferred thermal management system of the main manufacturers of vehicles with HVB. The technical solutions, the applied designs and the development trends of the designs of the temperature control of HVBs are described. On the basis of the considered structures, operating conditions and prospects for the development of the market for such vehicles, the concept of creating an effective thermal management system for HVBs for projected vehicles has been proposed. A classification of the thermal management system of HVBs as part of a vehicle, depending on the climatic conditions of operation, is proposed. One of the developed variants of perspective designs of high-voltage batteries of a vehicle operated in a wide range of temperatures is presented.
Self-adaptive algorithm for changing braking energy recuperation of an electric vehicle based on neuro-fuzzy inference system
Authors: Medvedev V , Rudakov I
Published: May 2020

This paper describes an expert system prototype that changes the brake energy recuperation coefficient of an electric vehicle. Blackboard is used as the basic architectural pattern, which allowed for working with data obtained from various types of knowledge sources. This approach made it possible to coordinate data from various sources, such as the opinions of drivers, information about the route and the condition of electric vehicles. The expert system is based on the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ANFIS, the rules for which are obtained by mountain clustering data from the training set. Values are averaged using the C-means algorithm.
The Need for Creation of High-tech Tractors of 0.6-2 Traction Classes with High Degree of Automation
Authors: Solovyev R , Cheranev S , Karyakin S , Kolomeichenko A , Gribov I , Evgrafov V , Mezentsev N
Published: May 2020

The article shows the need for the creation of tractors of 0.6-2 traction classes (nominal traction force 5.4-27 kN) with a high degree of automation, which are in demand in the agricultural industry. The authors present the principle of creation of the 4WD modular platform with hybrid powertrain and unification of axles and some technical characteristics for each traction class. It is indicated that for the conditions of digital agriculture it is necessary to provide the possibility to control high-tech tractors in remote and/or unmanned operation modes.
Problem of Hazardous Substances Content Reduction in Habitable Compartments of Driverless Vehicles
Authors: Saikin A M , Buznikov S E , Zhuravlev A V , Zaytseva E P , Lebedev A V
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, road and environmental safety of people during vehicle operation is one of the most important problems. One of the main ways to solve this problem is development and implementation of driverless vehicles, start of operation of which on public roads is expected since 2020-2025. In the process of development, no due attention is paid to addressing the social problem of ensuring passengers’ environmental safety in habitable
compartments of driverless vehicles (DLV) and modern driver-controlled vehicles. This fact may lead to the DLV implementation process restraint and negative consequences in the process of their operation as a result of harmful exposure of people’s life and health to hazardous substances in the air of habitable compartments. The objective of this research is analysis of the solutions for this social problem.