bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population-level interest and trends in meditation and yoga during lockdown imposed due to coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic In India
Authors: Sinha Abhinav , Ghosal Shishirendu , Tyagi Navdeep , Singh Navroj , Singh Karan Prakash
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Yoga and meditation have a potential to give mental peace and calm. The present coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has forced countries to impose lockdown due to its infectious nature, thus restricting people in their homes posing psychosocial impact which can be reduced through yoga. Google Trends (GT) is a proxy indicator for population-level interests, which is used instead of traditional survey methods during pandemic. The objective of this study was to monitor population-level interest and trends in yoga and meditation during lockdown imposed due to COVID-19 in India through GT.

Material & Methods:

GT is an open-access, web-based tool which provides unfiltered sample of active search requests made to Google. Various keywords related to yoga and meditation were used to retrieve web-based search volume from January 30, 2020, to June 7, 2020, for India. These data were correlated with number of cases and deaths reported due to COVID-19 as an increase in cases and death might lead to stress among masses.

Results:

The search trends and daily number of confirmed cases were fairly correlated (r = 0.647, P = 0.000). The relative search volume for the search trends was also fairly correlated (r = 0.665, P = 0.000) with number of daily deaths due to COVID-19. States such as Uttarakhand and Goa had a higher share of search whereas Meghalaya and West Bengal searched the least.

Conclusion:

GT showed an increase in population-level interest in yoga and meditation during COVID-19 lockdown which is a positive indicator for population. This indicates the need for continuity of trend so as to make it a routine habit even after the situation becomes normal.
Changes in undergraduate medical education practices during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sable Mukund , Sarkar Saurav , Hallur Vinaykumar , Mishra Priyadarshini
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

The countrywide lockdown in response to COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift from conventional teaching to online teaching. This study aimed to find the issues and challenges faced by medical teachers on the virtual platforms of teaching during lockdown.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the medical teachers of a tertiary care hospital between august to october 2020. A google form with study questionnaire was circulated among participants.

Results:

Online live lectures were major mode of online teaching. 36.5% of teachers felt that they were successful and only 19.2% felt, they were unsuccessful in engaging most of the students. Discrepancies between efforts and outcome (20.54%), absence of definite guidelines (20.54%), unwanted disturbances (19.17%), lack of technical expertise (19.17%), absence of uniform format (10.95%), and lack of knowledge (6.84%) were the challenges faced. A change in the content of slides (52.8%), increased use of videos, charts, and figures (41.5%), changes in lesson plan (32.1%), including assessments after each class (28.3%) and division of content into sub-topics for better understanding and easy upload (22.6%) were the modifications made by faculty for online teaching. Around half of the faculty members disagreed that teaching can be conducted online postlockdown.

Conclusion:

The pandemic is a situation that should encourage all medical educators to be trained and adapt to online teaching methodologies.
Germ cell tumor of anterior mediastinum
Authors: Kumar Saurav , Gumashta Raghvendra
Published: December 2021

A 30-year-old diabetic male, urban resident, nonsmoker with Karnofsky performance score 80 was diagnosed with germ cell tumor of 13 cm × 9 cm with Stage I at right anterosuperior mediastinum after short duration of cough and hemoptysis. He did not have any difficulty in breathing or weight loss. The effort tolerance of the patient was up to four floors. The case received VIP-based chemotherapy with etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin at a center of excellence. Thereafter, the surgical excision of the solid mass may be the optional line of treatment.
A Comparative Study of Cross Pinning Versus Lateral Pinning Technique in the Management of Completely Displaced Type-III Supra Condylar Humerus Fracture in the Rural India Children
Authors: Singh Santosh Kumar , Singh Pulkesh , Gill S.P.S. , Mishra Laxminath , Arora Jitesh
Published: December 2021

Context:

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus (SCFH) are the most common type of pediatric fracture and related to significant morbidity with the complication of nerve injury and loss of reduction. Closed reduction and percutaneous Kirchner wires pinning either by lateral pin fixation or cross pin fixation for the displaced fractures are the mainstay treatment.

Aims:

This study has purpose to compare the construct stability, functional, and radiological results between the two methods of fracture fixation.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 61 children with Gartland III SCFH were placed randomly into two groups, Group A (n = 30) managed by lateral pinning technique and Group B (n = 31) were managed by cross pinning techniques. Both groups were quite comparable with regard to age, gender, duration of injury, and degree of displacement of the fracture. The results were analyzed in terms of clinical and radiological outcome, Flynn functional scoring system, and complications. Fisher's exact test and unpaired t-tests were used. The results were expressed as mean, and the P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant using the SPSS software (version 22).

Results:

Statistically, there was no significant difference in clinical or radiological results between the two groups at 6 months after operation (P > 0.05). There was no significant loss of reduction found in either of the groups. There was one (6.6%) case of the lateral pinning group that had a minimal loss of reduction and two (6.4%) cases of the iatrogenic ulnar nerve neuropraxia in the cross pinning group. Neuropraxia recovered fully. Superficial pin tract infection was seen in two (6.67%) cases of the lateral pinning group.

Conclusions:

Although it appears that cross spinning is a more stable construct, the lateral pin fixation provides the same result without risk of iatrogenic nerve injury with comparable results.
Study of Outcome of using Anatomically Precontoured Plates in the Management of Displaced Fracture of Midshaft Clavicle
Authors: Vyas Umesh , Meena Mahaveer , Jhanwar Purushottam , Sharma Shiv Bhagwan
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Clavicle fracture is one of the most common bony injuries. The most commonly used system of classification of clavicular fractures is that of Allman. It is divided into three groups: Group I – Middle third clavicle fractures (80% of all clavicle fractures), Group II – Lateral third clavicle fractures (15% of all clavicle fractures), and Group III – Medial third clavicle fractures (5% of all clavicle fractures). The prevalence of nonunion or malunion in dislocated midshaft clavicular fractures after conservative treatment is higher than previously presumed, and fixation methods have evolved. Surgery is accepted more and more as primary treatment for dislocated midshaft clavicular fractures, mainly because the results of nonoperative treatment are interpreted as inferior to operative treatment both clinically and functionally. Primary internal fixation of displaced comminuted midshaft clavicular fractures leads to predictable and early return to function. The purpose of this study was to assess the functional outcome of midshaft clavicular fractures treated with precontoured locking compression plate.

Methodology:

Patients with displaced fractures of clavicle (midshaft) admitted to SRG Hospital, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, from August 2017 to August 2018 were taken up for the study after taking the required consent. Thirty-four patients of displaced fractures of clavicle, satisfying inclusion criteria, were admitted in the study period and were taken up for the study. The results were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods.

Results:

In our study, 34 cases of displaced middle third clavicular fractures were treated with plate osteosynthesis using anatomically precontoured clavicle plate. Of 34 cases, 16 cases united in 8 weeks, while at the end of 12 weeks, all cases united except one. Of the 34 patients, 24 patients returned day-to-day activities after 2–3 weeks. Of the 34 cases, 30 patients returned to work within 3 months. Of 34 cases, 33 had excellent score and one had fair score.

Conclusion:

In our study, open reduction and rigid internal fixation of displaced midshaft clavicular fracture has resulted in good fracture union rate and excellent functional outcome.
A Clinical Study of the Management of Fracture Shaft of Clavicle by Different Modalities
Authors: Ahmad Shadab , Singh Naveen Kumar
Published: December 2021

Background:

There are multiple modalities to treat clavicle fracture in patients. Both conservative and surgical management are possible and surgen must choose the most appropriate management modality according to biological age, functional demands and type of lesion. Here, we are doing a study of treating clavicle fracture by various modalities and comparing its functional outcome.

Aims:

The aim of the study is to show the results of management of displaced mid shaft of clavicle by different modalities in terms of: (a) time of union of fracture, (b) functional outcome, and (c) complications.

Settings and Design:

This was a prospective study with total sample size of 36 consecutively reporting participants in outpatient department as well as in emergency department.

Materials and Methods:

Study participant was systematically and randomly allocated into three groups of 12 each, Group 1 (TENS), Group 2 (Plating), and Group 3 (Conservative). Patients were randomized into operative (TENS), operative (Plating), and Conservative in a ratio 1:1:1.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The comparison of normally distributed continuous variables between the groups was performed using Student's t-test. Nominal categorical data between the groups were compared using Chi-square test. For all statistical tests, P < 0.05 was taken to indicate a significant difference.

Results:

Comparison of normally distributed continuous variables between the groups was performed using Student's t-test. Groups were compared using Chi-square test. For all statistical tests, P < 0.05 was taken to indicate a significant difference. Displaced mid shaft fracture managed by operative manoeuvre either by TENS or Plating shows excellent result in 50% of cases whereas in non operative group excellent result seen only in 25% of cases.

Conclusion:

Excellent functional outcome is seen in majority of patients treated operatively and those patients are functionally more satisfied when it comes to complications rate.
Radiological and Functional Outcome of Dual Plating in Distal Femur Multifragmentary Articular Fractures
Authors: Purushotham V J , Patil Abhishek
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

In this prospective case series, we are reporting a mean 12-month follow up of the utilization of dual plating technique for multi fragmentary articular distal femur fractures. Our technique consists of a lateral distal femoral locked plate and a low profile locked medial plate through a modified anterior (Swashbuckler) approach for the fixation of C2, C3 fractures.

Materials and Methods:

Fifteen patients (9 males and 6 females) presented with supracondylar femoral fractures type C2/C3, according to Müller long bone classification and its revision, OA/orthopedic trauma association classification. These fractures were treated using dual plating through the swashbuckler approach. They were followed up for clinical and radiological outcomes. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications.

Results:

The mean time of radiological union in the studied population was 18 weeks with a range of 14–24 weeks. We did not observe any postoperative varus angulation. 12 out of 14 patients had good to excellent functional outcomes. Fair outcome was reported in only two patients.

Conclusion:

The technique of Dual plating fixation using modified anterior approach (swashbuckler) for type C2, C3 distal femoral fractures is an efficient method of management. It has several advantages such as precise exposure, easy manipulation, anatomical reduction, and stable fixation. However, surgical indications and principles should be strictly followed. The surgical technique must be perfect, and the biomechanical qualities of the implants must be understood to prevent the development of major complications.
Medical Device-related Counseling Practice and Barriers among Sudanese Pharmacists
Authors: Fathelrahman Ahmed Ibrahim
Published: December 2021

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to assess medical devices-related counseling practice and barriers among pharmacists.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a convenient sample of Sudanese pharmacists. An online-version survey was used to collect data.

Findings:

One hundred and thirty pharmacists responded to the online survey. Most pharmacists in this sample were master or Ph.D. degree holders (62.3% and 12.3%, respectively), having a clinical training experience (70%) and substantial proportion are board-certified (30%). Medical devices reported to be commonly inquired by patients were blood glucose monitors, nebulizers, blood pressure monitors, dry powder inhalers, and insulin pens. Devices most frequently requiring counselling were blood glucose monitors, blood pressure monitors, syringes, thermometers, nebulizers, dry powder inhalers, insulin, and weighing scales. The most frequently supplied devices reported were syringes, blood glucose monitors, insulin pens, blood pressure monitors, thermometers, nebulizers, and dry powder inhalers. Devices least frequently requiring counselling were implanted devices, respirometers, and stethoscopes. The least frequently supplied devices were respirometers, implanted devices, and heart rate monitors.

Conclusion:

Medical devices reported to be commonly inquired by patients were most frequently requiring counseling, and most frequently supplied. Findings reflect the availability of devices in the market and pharmacists' response to the needs of their patients. Pharmacists should maintain adequate knowledge about the proper use of medical devices because this is a common patient inquiry.
A Safety Evaluation of Midazolam use for Nasogastric Tube Placement
Authors: Wells Jenna B. , Murman David H. , Sullivan Alison L.
Published: December 2021

Objective:

Nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion is one of the most painful procedures in the emergency department (ED). A recent study determined that giving intravenous (IV) midazolam before NGT insertion decreased patients' pain; however, the sample size was insufficient to draw the conclusions on safety. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who received IV midazolam for NGT insertion to determine the frequency of adverse events.

Methods:

All patients treated at a Level 1 trauma center ED from June 2016 to June 2019 who received IV midazolam for NGT insertion were included. The medical records were screened for the following serious adverse events: hypoxia, respiratory suppression, excessive somnolence/sedation, hemodynamic instability, epistaxis, vomiting, and choking. Adverse events, patient demographics, chief complaint, diagnosis, disposition, number of midazolam administrations, dose per administration, and total dose were recorded for the analysis.

Findings:

Three out of 159 participants (2%) were identified as having an adverse event. In two cases, the adverse event was hypoxia, which was corrected with the administration of supplemental oxygen through nasal cannula. The third adverse event was somnolence noted in a patient who was also hypotensive and in atrial fibrillation around the time of midazolam administration.

Conclusion:

It is safe to premedicate patients with midazolam before NGT insertions. Patients with borderline oxygen saturation and those receiving opioid analgesics may warrant dose titration with close vital sign monitoring.
Приближение наипростейшими дробями: универсальные множества полюсов
Authors: Borodin Petr Anatolevich
Published: December 2021

Для неограниченных подмножеств $E$ комплексной плоскости получены условия,
необходимые или достаточные для того, чтобы для всякого компакта $K$, не
разбивающего плоскость, наипростейшие дроби с полюсами из $E\setminus K$
с любой точностью равномерно на $K$ приближали всякую функцию, непрерывную
на $K$ и голоморфную внутри $K$.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Оценки размерности аттракторов регуляризированной
системы Эйлера с диссипацией на сфере
Authors: Zelik Sergey Vital'evich , Ilyin Aleksei Andreevich , Kostyanko Anna G
Published: December 2021

Доказывается существование глобального аттрактора
регуляризированной системы Эйлера-Бардины с диссипацией
на двумерной сфере и в произвольных областях на сфере.
Получены явные оценки фрактальной размерности аттрактора
в терминах физических параметров.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Epistemolojik ve Ontolojik Manası Bakımından Hallâc-ı Mansur’un Hak ve Hakikat Telakkisi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Selami
Published: December 2021

Hallâc’ın hak ve hakikat anlayışı, hukuki değerleri ortaya koyması bakımından fıkıh ilmi ile alakalı olduğu kadar, bilgi ve varlık tanımı yapması bakımından İslam felsefesinin, kelamın ve tasavvufun da konusudur. Tasavvuftaki hâl ve makamların imkânı, kavramın epistemolojik yönüyle ilgilidir. Ontolojik olarak ele alındığında kavram; sudur, işrak ve vahdet-i vücûd gibi varlık felsefeleriyle alakalı olmaktadır. Hallâc sonrası lafızcı yaklaşım, hâl ve makamların epistemolojik imkânını tasdik etse de kavramın ontolojik yönleri hakkındaki yorumları gereksiz bulmuştur. Kavramın tüm yönleriyle İslam Düşüncesi içerisinde olgunlaşması, Hallâc sonrası dönemde devam ettiği için “ene’l-hak” ifadesi, çağında ve sonrasında gereğiyle değerlendirilmemiştir. Bu değerlendirmeyi İbn Sina, sudurcu sabiteler üzerinden yapınca, Hallâc’ın anlaşılabileceği ontolojik zemin, daha karışık bir hale gelmiştir. Hallac, soyut varlıkların varlığını savunurken sudurculara yaklaşır, onların çokluğunu savunurken de sudurculardan ayrılır. Diğer taraftan subutî sıfatların dışta varlığını tasdik etmesiyle kelam ulemasına yaklaşır, onların keyfiyetlerini açıklarken Sühreverdî’den ayrılır. Bu yönler, Hallâc’ın Tavâsin, Bustânu’l-ma’rife, Nusûsu’l-Kitâb, Divân-ı Hallâc, Nusûsu’l-velâye gibi eserlerinde aranmıştır. Sûfîlerin bu dönemde iki ayrı yaklaşım sergilediğini göz önüne aldığımızda Hallâc, üçüncü bir yaklaşım sergilemiştir diyebiliriz. Bu yaklaşımın özgün yönü, onun hiyerarşik varlık mertebelerinde, özellikle ilk mertebesinden sonraki mertebelerinde ve sistemin bütününde tanımlanan nûrânî tecellilerde ve meşîet kavramında görülmüştür.
Geleceğin Korkusunu Geçmişin Hüznünü Taşımayan İnsan: İbnü’l-vakt
Authors: YILDIZ Mehmet
Published: December 2021

Zamanın değerlendirilmesi meselesi sonuçları itibariyle insan hayatında çok merkezî bir yer tutmaktadır. İslâm inancı açısından insana verilen en önemli nimetlerden biri de zamandır. İnsan, kendisine verilen bu nimeti yerinde değerlendirip değerlendirmemesine göre ahirette hesaba çekilecektir. Bu sebeple sûfîler zamanın değerlendirilmesi meselesine son derece önem vermişlerdir. Onların zaman tanziminde üzerinde durdukları hususlar, sâlikin manevî hayatında dönüşümü beraberinde getiren amelî pratiklerin uygulanması için sınırları tayin edilebilen bir zaman ve mekân aralığını gerektirmektedir. Sûfîler, zamanın değerlendirilmesi meselesini başı sonu belli bir zaman ve mekân aralığını ifade eden vakit kavramı üzerinden ifade etmeye çalışmışlardır. Vaktin bihakkın değerlendirilmesi sonucunda sâlikin iki kazanımı meydana gelmektedir. Birincisi gelecek korkusundan emin olmak ikincisi ise geçmişin hüznünden kurtulmaktır. Binaenaleyh sûfîler insan hayatındaki bu iki temel probleme bir çözüm yolu olarak sâlikin ibnü’l-vakt olmasını önermişlerdir. Biz de makalemizde vakit kavramını zaman ifade eden diğer kavramlardan belirgin bir şekilde ayıran manalar üzerinde durduk. Bu bağlamda vakitten türetilmiş olan ibnü’l-vakt ile doğrudan bağlantılı olan terimleri açıklamaya çalıştık. Daha sonra ibnü’l-vakt olmanın insan doğasında var olan korku ve hüzün problemlerini çözme yönünü değerlendirdik.
Seyyid Ahmed b. Seyyid Zeynî Dahlân: Hayatı, Eserleri Ve “Hulâsatü’l-Kelâm Fî Beyâni Ümerâi’l-Beledi’l-Harâm” Adlı Eserinde Tevessül Hakkındaki Görüşleri
Authors: YİĞİT Mesut
Published: December 2021

Seyyid Ahmed b. Seyyid Zeynî Dahlân (öl. 1303/1886) Osmanlı’nın son döneminde Mekke-i Mükerreme’de doğan önemli âlim ve sûfîlerden biridir. Çok sayıda hocadan ders alan Seyyid Dahlân iyi bir eğitim sürecinden geçmiştir. Ancak ders aldığı hocaları içerisinde en çok istifade ettiği kişi Şeyh Osman b. Hasan ed-Dimyâtî eş-Şâfiî el-Ezherî el-Mekkî (öl. 1265/1849) olmuştur. Hocası ed-Dimyâtî’den zâhiri ilimlerin yanında Halvetiyye, Ayderûsiyye, Kâdiriyye, Nakşibendiyye ve Şâzeliyye tarikatlarının icâzetini de almıştır. Seyyid Dahlân; Mekke Şâfiî müftülüğü, şeyhu’l-ulemâ/reîsu’l-ulemâ’lık gibi önemli vazifelere getirilmiş ve bu görevleri titizlikle yürütmüştür. Eğitime çok önem veren Seyyid Dahlân pek çok talebe yetiştirmiş ve bu uğurda büyük çabalar sarf etmiştir. Seyyid Dahlân’ın yaşadığı dönemde Vehhâbî hareketi Arap yarımadasında siyasi olarak güçlenmiş, akîdevî konularda halkı baskı altına almıştır. Seyyid Dahlân, Vehhâbiler ve diğer oluşumlarla ilmî ve fikrî mücadele içine girerek Ehl-i Sünnet akidesinin önemli savunucularından olmuştur. Tasavvuf, akaid, siyer, tarih ve gramer gibi birçok alanda irili ufaklı pek çok eser telif eden Seyyid Dahlân, kitaplarında tevessül konusunu da işlemiştir. Tevessülün çeşitleri arasında en çok tartışılanı Yüce Allah’a yakın olduğu düşünülen şahıslarla tevessül yapılıp yapılmayacağı mevzuudur. Seyyid Dahlân eserlerinde tevessülün tüm çeşitlerinin caiz olduğunu delilleriyle işlemiş, Müslümanları tevessül inancı üzerinden tekfir edenlerin vahim bir hataya düştüklerini belirtmiştir. Bu çalışmada Seyyid Dahlân’ın hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmiş, daha sonra onun önemli eserlerinden biri olan Hulâsatü’l-kelâm fî beyâni ümerâi’l-beledi’l-harâm’da ele aldığı tevessül konusu incelenmiştir.
Aslî Günah Kavramını Mevlânâ’nın Günah Tasavvuru İle Birlikte Yorumlamak
Authors: KUŞLU Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Hz. Âdem’in yasak ağaca yaklaşması ve cennetten çıkarılması insanoğlunun başlangıç hikâyesidir. Dolayısıyla Allah-insan ilişkisi bağlamında bu konu semâvî dinlerin ortak konusudur. Her ne kadar semâvî dinler bu meseleyi kendi inanç ilkeleri açısından farklı perspektiflerden ele alsa da bu konuda en çok tartışmanın Hristiyan düşüncesinde olduğu öngörülebilir. Pavlus, Âdem Peygamber’in yasak ağaca yaklaşmasını ilk günah olarak yorumlayarak fikirlerini Hristiyan düşüncesinin merkezine taşımış ve onun fikirleri sonraki zamanlarda daha geniş bir şekilde Hristiyan teologlar tarafından tartışılarak özellikle Augustinus tarafından sistematize edilmiştir. Pavlus’un düşüncesine göre Âdem Peygamber’in kendi iradesiyle yasak ağaca yaklaşmasından dolayı insanın kötülüğü tercih edebilme potansiyeli (irade) ortaya çıkmış ve insan kötülükle tanışmıştır. Bundan böyle bütün insanların üzerinde bu günahın izleri görülecektir, çünkü Âdem Peygamber hataya düştüğünde aslında onun sulbünde bütün insanlık günaha düşmüştür. Aslî günah teorisi Hristiyan düşüncesinin sadece Tanrı ya da insan tasavvurunu değil dünya hayatı ile ilgili tasavvurunu da etkilemiştir. Bu bağlamda günahın bir sonucu olarak insan için bu dünya hayatı bir sürgün yeri, bir cezalandırılma mekânıdır ve insan bu dünyaya atılmıştır. Mevlânâ’nın eserlerinde de dünya hayatının, mahpus, sürgün yeri, dar bir ova, Yusuf’un zindanı, ısınmış hamam gibi metaforlarla anıldığını görmekteyiz. Sözkonusu makale Âdem peygamber’in cennetten dünya hayatına gönderilmesinden ve dünya hayatıyla ilgili bazı metaforik anlatımlardan hareketle Mevlânâ’nın günah tasavvurunu izah etmektedir. Makale, Mevlânâ’nın dünya hayatıyla ilgili bazı beyitlerinin Pavlus’un karamsar bir dünya tasavvuru ve günah teorisiyle örtüşüp örtüşmediğini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Aynı zamanda Pavlus ve Mevlânâ’dan hareketle Hristiyan ve İslâm düşüncesinin insan, günah ve dünya hayatıyla ilgili tasavvurları hakkında bütüncül bir perspektif ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir.
Association between Crowding and the Effective Maxillary and Mandibular Length among Orthodontic Patients of Kathmandu, Nepal.
Authors: Gupta Sanjay Prasad , Dahal Samarika , Rauniyar Shristi
Published: December 2021

Background: During orthodontic consultation, the most frequent major complaint of the patients is dental crowding, which is caused by a disparity between the arch length and tooth size. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between crowding and the effective maxillary and mandibular length in Nepalese orthodontic patients.Methods: The orthodontic records of 390 people (from January 2018 to December 2020) were randomly selected and classified into three skeletal malocclusions based on the ANB angle (Angle formed by point A and point B at the nasion). Subjects with skeletal malocclusions were subdivided into two groups depending on the degree of crowding in the mandibular arch: Group 1 had crowding of < 3mm, and Group 2 had crowding of >3mm. On pretreatment casts, digital vernier calipers (Digimatic, Precise, India) were used to assess dental arch crowding, whereas, on a pretreatment lateral cephalogram, digital cephalometric analysis (Vistadent OC 1.1, USA) was done to quantify effective maxillary and mandibular length. Inter-group comparisons were assessed using a one-way analysis of variance. The correlation was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient (p≤0.05).Results: There was a statistically significant difference in effective maxillary and mandibular length among skeletal malocclusions (p<0.05). Skeletal Class II malocclusion had the greatest mandibular crowding, while skeletal Class III malocclusion had the least. The effective maxillary and mandibular lengths and dental crowding had a significant but weak inverse correlation, whereas a strong but moderate positive correlation existed between the maxillary and mandibular effective lengths (r=0.674) and also between maxillary and mandibular crowding (r=0.631).Conclusion: Effective maxillary length was highest in skeletal class II malocclusion whereas effective mandibular length was highest in skeletal class III malocclusion. The shorter effective maxillary and mandibular lengths showed a weak association with dental crowding.
TANTANGAN PEMURIDAN ANAK DALAM ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0 DI SD INPRES 1 TIRTAKENCANA
Authors: Restu Yahya Hardian , Asa Fransisko Oes , Rahman Erni , Linggamo Desry Narliany
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang tantangan yang dihadapi guru pendidikan agama Kristen dalam melakukan tugas pemuridan kepada peserta didik yang beragama Kristen di era revolusi industri 4.0 di SD Inpres 1 Tirtakencana, kabupaten Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah. Informan yang dilibatkan berjumlah sembilan orang, yang terdiri atas dua orang guru pendidikan agama Kristen dan tujuh orang tua peserta didik. Metode yang digunakana adalah kualitatif dengan wawancara sebagagi teknik pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) guru PAK sudah berusaha menggunakan media digital dalam pemuridan, 2) upaya pemuridan guru PAK belum terlalu membawa dampak pada pengembangan karakter peserta didik yang tampak dari adanya perbedaan perilaku peserta didik ketika di rumah yang menunjukan perilaku kurang baik.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Photography and Painting in the Post-Truth Era and the Issues of Creativity and Authorship
Authors: GÜLAÇTI İsmail Erim , KAHRAMAN Mehmet Emin
Published: December 2021

In arts, especially visual arts, humans have perfected their skills to create distinctive experiences by combining a multifaceted interplay between the substance and design of images. Innate mechanisms of this process have remained unknown so far, and no artificial system with similar capabilities exists yet. However, the increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence in arts has drastically changed what seems to be the underlying constants, such as artistic creativity and authorship of artworks. This phenomenon becomes even more commonplace in the post-truth era as facts become fiction in competing versions. Although art has not always been searching for truths, artificial intelligence powered by generative adversarial networks puts the entire concept of art in a much larger context. In such a context, this descriptive-qualitative study based on literature review, which aims to discuss the impacts of artificial intelligence on photography and painting in the post-truth era and the issues of creativity and authorship, first explains the concept of generative adversarial networks and then examines a sample of their uses in photography and painting with concrete examples. Later, the study discusses the effects of artificial intelligence driven by generative adversarial networks on the art market and analyzes the concept of creativity and the issue of authorship because of those impacts in the context of works of art. Finally, the notion of post-truth is explained, and what the advent of artificial intelligence is likely to mean for art in the future within the framework of post-truth is questioned. Results show that the lines between art's expressive and demonstrative functions are beginning to blur, while the border between fiction and reality is becoming increasingly blurred. AI powered by GANs re-contextualizes the meaning of the truth in artistic endeavors as it happens whenever a novel medium or technology appears and is increasingly adopted by more people at various paces and rates.
THE CONCEPT OF ENSURING WATER PROTECTION OF THE KIMBERLITE MINES OF YAKUTIA
Authors:   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Ainbinder I.I. , Paskevich P.G. ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasyukova E.V. ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The article provides examples of the development of mines near water bodies, as well as summarizes the experience of water protection of mines in the kimberlite deposits of Yaku-tia, which allowed us to form a number of principles that can increase the safety and efficien-cy of the mining system in the conditions under consideration. It is shown that one of the directions of the strategy for the development of mining operations near water bodies should be the control of the mutual correspondence of the pa-rameters of geotechnology and the geomechanical state of the mountain range.
ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL CONDITION OF THE DEBTOR-CITIZEN WHEN INTRODUCING BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES: TECHNOLOGY AND PROBLEMS OF CONDUCTING
Authors: Gurdzhiyan Vladimir L.
Published: December 2021

Currently, many citizens actively resort to such an institution of a market economy as insolvency (bankruptcy). The effectiveness of this procedure’s carrying out depends on a number of factors, among which are the level of qualification, experience and knowledge of the arbitration manager, the debtor-citizen’s willingness to cooperate and the quality of methodological support of the process itself. The article discusses the methodological aspects of conducting the analysis of the financial condition of the debtor-citizen, describes the technology of adapting the official methodology of financial analysis applied to legal entities, identifies problems in the process of conducting such an analysis, and suggests the main directions for its improvement. Statistical information on the number and dynamics in the number of citizens declared bankrupt is presented. The author carried out systematization of information sources that underlie the financial analysis, and identified incomplete and unreliable sources that do not give arbitration managers the opportunities to draw adequate and correct conclusions. The study highlights the problem of analyzing the possibility of restoring the debtor-citizen's solvency, as this directly affects the possibility of introducing a bankruptcy rehabilitation procedure – restructuring the debtor's debt. The article examines the features of calculating the indicators that underlie the debtor's analysis in order to identify signs of intentional and fictitious bankruptcy; it reflects the methodological aspects of adapting the official methodology. The existing problems in carrying out the financial analysis of the debtor-citizen are formulated.
THE CATEGORY OF "INTANGIBLE BENEFITS" AND SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO ITS LEGAL SUBSTANCE
Authors: Aleksandrova Nadezhda V.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the existing scientific approaches to the category of "intangible benefits", at the same time it compares the content of this concept with the term "personal non-property rights". The relevance of the theme is beyond doubt, since intangible benefits are protected from encroachments specifically by recovery of compensation for moral injury. This institution provides for the possibility of compensation for non-material damage, in practice, the most widely used method is the one that involves action demand with a statement of claim. Consequently, there is an obvious need to study the issues of legal protection and protection of intangible benefits from the point of view of the analysis of judicial and law enforcement practice. The purpose of the study is to analyze the definition of "intangible benefits" formalized in civil legislation and to identify the non-mandatory beginnings of its practical application in civil circulation. The methodological basis was the comparative law, formal legal, logical, dialectical and other methods of scientific research. Attention is drawn to certain elements of intangible benefits – personal inviolability, personal privacy and inviolability of the home, personal data, business reputation, etc. Much attention is paid to disclosing the scientific and legal concept of intangible goods, as a result of which the author comes to the conclusion that it is impossible to unambiguously understand the substance of intangible goods, in connection with which various approaches are proposed to understanding and disclosing the content of the desired category of "intangible goods" in the Russian civil law. Improving the regulatory framework which regulates the protection of non-property rights of legal entities should be considered one of the goals in the development of modern civil legislation.
DISCIPLINARY RESPONSIBILITY OF CREDIT INSTITUTIONS EMPLOYEES
Authors: Ivanova Olga A.
Published: December 2021

The urgency of the research is due to existing features of implementing the institute of disciplinary responsibility in the field of labor and legal relations in credit institutions. The discipline of labor in credit institutions is developing in line with the trends characteristic of modern manufacturing process management. The general line is standardization of the manufacturing process to the extent that self-sufficient organizational forms that do not require manual control appear, following which is provided to the self-discipline of the employee (standard or matrix organizational solutions). Against the background of the ongoing changes, the issue of the employee's relative freedom and his responsibility to the employer, who no longer controls the labor process point-by-point – in the spirit of the industrial era, is raised. Despite the obvious features of labour organization for credit institutions employees, no special research has been conducted in the domestic legal science on the problems of implementing disciplinary responsibility. The author makes conclusions on the need to adopt a Labor Procedural Code, which will single out: the procedure for bringing to responsibility for misconduct committed under the conditions of the employer's current control over the quality of work and compliance with the process of its execution, as well as the specifics of bringing to responsibility for offense committed in conditions of relative freedom (without the employer's current control); forms of guilt as a mandatory sign of a disciplinary offense and the specifics of its definition if the employer's task involves an independent choice of its execution method (relative freedom of the employee); principles of proving guilt and innocence in examining the circumstances of a disciplinary offense; standardization disciplinary decisions, conditions and limits of its use; the procedure for using electronic document management in disciplinary proceedings; rules for interviewing third parties in disciplinary proceedings, rules for these persons' access to information about the state of affairs in the institution (or the entrepreneur, if he is the employer); rules for the protecting the information about disciplinary offenses, their circumstances, penalties applied.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PRINCIPLES OF ASSIGNING CRIMINAL PENALTIES TO MINOR OFFENDERS
Authors: Kunts Elena V.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the general principles and the principles applied when imposing punishments to minors who have committed crimes. Juvenile delinquents are the social base of organized crime. Juvenile delinquency harms the personal development of the minor offender himself, thereby contributing to continuing the minor's criminal activity. The research results confirm that a significant number of serious offenders began their criminal activities being minors. Correction of juvenile offenders is very important, that is, formation of stable skills of an honest attitude to work. Precise execution of laws and respect for them. Crimes committed by minors, despite the degree of their study, the share of crimes committed by minors in the total number of crimes is on average 10–12% and these are only registered official data, which means that real statistics can be 1.5–2 times higher. The above-stated points to the problem of illegal behavior of minors and the need to find effective ways to impose penalties to juvenile offenders.
WHO EXECUTES COMPULSORY MEASURES OF EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE?
Authors: Ponyatovskaya Tatiana G.
Published: December 2021

The problem of sentence enforcement against minors in the form of compulsory measures of educational influence is actualized. On the one hand, the gaps in the legislative provision on the procedure for the enforcement of compulsory measures of educational influence confirm the absence of a legal culture, which undermines respect for the law, justice and the authorities. On the other hand, a person subjected to compulsory influence has nowhere to seek protection, since observance of his rights and legitimate interests when applying compulsory measures of educational influence cannot be guaranteed even by the prosecutor's supervision. The domestic legislation defines neither the procedure to exercise compulsory measures, nor the subjects, nor their powers.
Educação Escolar Quilombola em Escola Urbana: (Des)Conhecimento dos valores civilizatórios de um povo
Authors: Garcia Maria de Fátima , Aires Ana Maria Pereira , Araújo Janaína Jardiny Dantas de
Published: December 2021

Este estudo analisa as práticas escolares de uma Escola Municipal situada em região urbana do Seridó Potiguar do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, sob a ótica dos valores civilizatórios de uma comunidade quilombola, geograficamente localizada no município de Currais Novos, RN. O Estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, pautou-se em entrevistas com pais de estudantes quilombolas e aplicação de questionários a professores da escola que atuam com alunos quilombolas. Fundamentado nas ideias de Santos (2010) e Quijano (2010) no que se refere aos conceitos de pensamento abissal, eurocentrismo, colonialismo e colonialidade; e no diálogo com as ideias de estudiosos da temática africana (Kilomba, 2008), conclui- se que, tanto na visão dos pais, quanto na empiria levantada junto aos professores, as práticas escolares não contemplam os marcos legais das políticas de ações afirmativas e desconsideram os valores e dinâmica civilizatória afro-brasileira, indicando a necessidade de formação dos professores para descolonização do currículo.
La Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo y la problemática delimitación de seguridad social
Authors: Paitán Martínez Javier
Published: December 2021

En el presente artículo se analiza la problemática que suscitan los conflictos de la seguridad social, a raíz de la singular tutela que recibe por parte de la Ley n.o 29497, Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo (en adelante, NLPT), en la que se consolida la competencia de los jueces laborales en materia de prestaciones de la seguridad social, previamente determinada por la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial. Así, se plantea la necesidad de una revisión y la posible reforma de la NLPT, acorde con una verdadera justicia de seguridad social con procedimiento, reglas y principios propios.
PERANCANGAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN KOPI BISANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BALANCED SCORECARD
Authors: Suradi Suradi , Syarifuddin Rizal , Irianto Irianto
Published: December 2021

Kopi bisang merupakan salah satu kopi yang memiliki potensi pengembangan usaha. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perancanaan strategi pemasaran kopi bisang dengan menggunakan metode balanced scorecard. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah SWOT Balanced scorecard. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses strategi kopi bisang terdapat dua cara untuk meningkatkan internal proses pemasaran yaitu dengan mengurangi biaya operasional dan memaksimalkan penjualan café kopi bisang. pengunjung cafe kopi bisang sebanyak 50 orang. Adapun kuesioner dalam penelitian ini berisi 10 pertanyaan. Deskripsi responden pengunjung cafe kopi bisang yang berumur 18-28 tahun yaitu sebanyak 44%. NPM turunnya nilai penjualan tahun 2019 disebabkan karena banyaknya kompotitor dari setiap tahunnya mempengaruhi jumlah pengunjung setiap tahun sebanyak 52%. ROE menunjukkan bahwa kinerja keuangan dapat dinyatakan baik sebanyak 125%. Produktivitas karyawan CV. lonna indo kopi dengan café kopi bisang dapat diukur dari kinerja pada tahun 2019 pendapatan menurun karena langkahnya bahan baku. Strategi pemasaran keuangan 11%, meningkatkan pendapatan NPM 52,38%, ROE 125%. Membuka boot untuk program unggulan, melakukan promosi dengan marketing baru. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja perusahaan café kopi bisang dengan menggunakan metode balanced scorecard menghasilkan kinerja baik dilihat dari perspektif keuangan, pelanggan, proses bisnis internal serta pembelajaran pertumbuhan
ANALISIS TINGKAT KECACATAN (DEFFECT) PADA PRODUK HOLOW DENGAN MENGGUANAKN METODE TAGUCHI Studi Kasus ( PT.SERMANI STEEL) MAKASSAR
Authors: Haslindah Andi , Syarifuddin Rizal , Sainal Sainal , Ma'ruf Randi
Published: December 2021

Proses produksi Hollow yang dilakukan oleh PT. Sermani Steel Makassar dari awal proses produksi sampai dengan produk akhir telah dilakukan dengan baik, akan tetapi masih banyak ditemukan produk cacat (deffect) yang dihasilkan perusahaan dalam tiap produksi. Tujuan penilitian ini untuk mengetahui penyebab tingkat kecacatan (deffect) produk Hollow PT. Sermani Steel Makassar dan mencari solusi perbaikan. Dalam penilitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Taguchi untuk dapat mengetahui penyebab yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kecacatan produk Hollow. adalah Proses Packing (E) dengan level optimal yang dapat digunakan yaitu level 2 (25 pcs), Proses Stamping Merek (C) dengan level optimal yang dapat digunakan yaitu level 2 (2900 pcs/jam), Koil (A) dengan level optimal yang dapat digunakan yaitu level 2 (10,35 cm) Proses Rool Forming (B) dengan level optimal yang dapat digunakan yaitu level 2 (218 pcs/jam) sedangkan Proses Sharing (D) dengan level optimal yang dapat digunakan yaitu level 1 (1481 pcs/jam).
Analisa Postur Kerja Operator Mesin Pembuatan Adonan Mie Menggunakan Metode REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assesment)
Authors: Haslindah Andi , Andrie Andrie , Endayani Guntur Sri Yos , Afrayana Rifqah
Published: December 2021

PT Karunia Indah Abadi merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang manufaktur dalam memproduksi makanan instan yaitu Mie. Postur kerja yang sering dilakukan oleh operator dalam melakukan aktivitas area Mixing ialah mengangkat bahan baku. Risiko yang dapat ditimbulkan akibat postur kerja yang kurang baik adalah cedera tubuh seperti Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Oleh karena itu, diperlukannya menggunakan metode REBA untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko (risk level), level tindakan (action level), dan bagaimana perbaikan yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko MSDs pada seluruh tubuh yang menjadi keluhan operator. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM) yang dilakukan terhadap 18 orang pekerja terdapat keluhan yang paling banyak yaitu keluhan leher bagian atas sebanyak 8 operator memperoleh persentase 44.44%. Hasil penilaian skor REBA menunjukkan postur kerja aktivitas mengangkat bahan baku tepung terigu dan tapioka masuk kategori berisiko tinggi yaitu skor 11. Usulan perbaikan untuk mengangkat tepung terigu yaitu dengan cara menyusun beberapa karung tepung terigu sampai setinggi perut operator agar memudahkan penuangan serta dilakukan oleh 2 orang operator dan untuk mengangkat tepung tapioka yaitu dengan cara dibuatkan alat bantu kerja yaitu meja setinggi mesin mixing.
PENGARUH FLOKULASI MELALUI PENAMBAHAN ASAM FOSFAT (H3P04) TERHADAP KUALITAS GULA RAFINASI DI PT. MAKASSAR TENE
Authors: Hanafie Ahmad , Idrus Ilham , Achmad Wahyuddin , Al Qadri Warits
Published: December 2021

Mutu gula rafinasi merupakan salah satu hal yang sangat perlu di perhatikan, karena akan mempengaruhi kesehatan konsumen. Pada Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas gula rafinasi dengan cara mengurangi flok pada gula rafinasi dengan metode flokulasi menggunakan koagulan H3PO4 (asam fosfat). Untuk menentukan timbulnya flok pada gula rafinasi dengan penambahan bahan kimia yaitu H3PO4 (asam fosfat) dengan variabel pH (4, 5, dan 6) serta satu sampel tanpa penambahan asam fosfat dan di panaskan dengan suhu 800C selama 15 menit agar larutan gula cepat larut. Setelah larut dinginkan larutan gula hingga suhu ruang kemudian analisa kadar Turbiditas, TSS, Brixnya. Kemudian larutan gula didiamkan serta diamati dengan detensi waktu selama 1- 3 hari. Setelah diamati dilakukan penyaringan flok pada larutan gula dengan kertas saring 0.8 µm yang telah diketahui bobot kosongnya dengan bantuan pompa vakum, dan timbang kertas saring beserta flok kemudian hitung kadar flok. Setelah penyaringan selesai larutan gula di periksa kembali kandungan Turbiditas, TSS, dan Brix. Nilai kandungan Turbiditas, TSS, dan Brix yang bagus yaitu pada penambahan asam fosfat 0.03 ml pada pH 4, di mana kadar sebelum di simpan pada hari ke 2 nilai Turbiditas 0.50 NTU, TSS 1 ppm, dan 21.97 %, serta kadar nilai kandungan Turbiditas, TSS, dan Brix setelah penyimpanan hari ke 3 yaitu Turbiditas 0.49 NTU, TSS 1 ppm, dan 21.87 %.