bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MONORESISTANCE GENE EXPRESSION IN TUMORS OF PATIENTS WITH NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AFTER PREOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Kzhyshkovska Yuliya , Cherdyntseva Nadezhda , Tuzikov Sergey , Pisareva Lyubov , Ibragimova Marina , Miller Sergey , Deryusheva Irina , Rodionov Yevgeniy , Tsyganov Matvey , Litvyakov Nikolay
Published: November 2020

A significant role in the development of lung tumor resistance to drug therapy play so called mono resistance genes that determine resistance/sensitivity of tumor cells to distinct chemotherapeutic agents, they include BRCA1, RRM1, ERCC1, TOP1, TOP2a, TUBB3, TYMS, ABCC5 genes. It is shown that the use of these biomarkers as a criteria to appoint the adequate postoperative chemotherapy is associated with the forecast. However in the course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy change the expression profile of these genes can occur, which can lead to misinterpretation of results. In this regard perspective is the development of new relevant prognostic factors, which take into account occurred molecular genetic alterations in lung tumors after preoperative therapy. We presented the results of the combined treatment of 52 patients with NSCLC IIA - IIIB stage, based on the analysis of chemotherapy resistance/sensitivity gene expression for appointment the suitable drugs. It was found that the lack of expression of ERCC1 gene in lung tumor derived after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with high rates of disease-free survival (P. = 0,00913). Low level expression of RRM1 gene (less than 0.5) is also associated with high rates of patient's survival (log-rank test P. = 0,01808), while a high level is a marker of poor prognosis. It is found that the combination of enhanced expression (>0.5) of any two or three genes: RRM1, ABCC5, TYMS, are the indicators of poor disease-free survival. We have shown that expression of ERCC1 gene is the independent prognostic factor. At zero ERCC1 expression in lung tumors, regardless of high or low level of expression of RRM1, ABCC5, TYMS genes, a high recurrence-free survival is observed. Thus, the data suggest the prognostic significance of the expression of ERCC1, TUBB3, RRM1, ABCC5 and TYMS genes in the lung tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
IMMUNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS AFTER CRYOGENIC AND ULTRASONIC ABLATION OF A TUMOR
Authors: Belyaev Aleksey , Baldueva Irina , Prokhorov Georgiy , Prokhorov Denis , Yemelyanova Natalya
Published: November 2020

Studies on experimental animal models and clinical trials indicate that cryosurgery of tumor focus leads to the activation of antitumor immunity. Systematic minimally invasive surgical impact on the primary tumor or its metastases, causing a pronounced immune response, becomes an actual task of modern oncology.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF ANGIOGENESIS IN BRAIN GLIOBLASTOMAS
Authors: Byvaltsev Vadim , Stepanov Ivan , Belykh Yevgeniy , Yarullina Anna
Published: November 2020

It is known that angiogenesis plays a critical role in the growth and progression of brain gliomas. Inducing factor in neoangiogenesis are changes primarily occur within the intra-tumoral events: changing the structure of the microvasculature of tumor tissue, increased hypoxia adaptation of tumor cells and the synthesis of angiogenic factors, cell growth. Due to the location of abnormal blood vessels in the tumor tissue generated chaotic flow of blood, which leads to severe hypoxia - as a key factor in inducing the angiogenesis process. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is the main molecule that regulates the growth and progression of glial tumors. Glioma cells, with their inherent properties of stem cells actively synthesized HIF-1. This population of cells called - “glioma stem cells” inducing synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It VEGF is central to the process of angiogenesis. A promising area of targeted therapy of brain gliomas is the anti-angiogenic therapy. Applications, both direct and indirect angiogenesis inhibitors, significantly improved the prognosis of patients with glial brain tumors. Undoubtedly an integrated approach to the study of microvascular disturbances, hypoxia, biology and cell behavior of “glioma stem cells” and the role of various factors of cell growth in the tumorigenesis of brain gliomas of the brain allows us to develop new and effective methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the near future.
COMPARATIVE FEATURES OF ENDOMETRIAL CANCER PATIENTS WITH A "STANDARD" AND "METABOLICALLY HEALTHY" OBESITY: GENETIC AND GENOTOXIC ASPECT
Authors: Bershteyn Lev , Ievleva Aglaya , Poroshina Tatyana , Kovalenko Irina
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims: Obesity is a known risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC), but connections of this tumor with different obesity phenotypes (namely ‘standard’, SO /characterized by insulin resistance / or ‘metabolically healthy’, MHO) were studied so far extremely rarely. The task of this study was to evaluate the role of genetic and genotoxic component in this issue.
Methods and Results: In 70-110 (depending on the method used) mainly postmenopausal EC patients was found that: a) The genotypes of leptin receptor (Gln223Arg) or FTO, fat mass and obesity associated (rs 9939609) genes are discovered in SO and MHO groups with different frequency; b) No differences exist between EC patients with SO or MHO in regard of such parameters like the tail moment and tail DNA% in comets of mononuclear cells, as well as in serum level of 8-hydroxy-2deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and in mononuclears’ telomeres length; c) In patients with EC combined with SO, TT genotype of the FTO gene correlates with a more advanced clinical stage of the disease, while comets characteristics - with a worse tumor differentiation; d) In EC patients with MHO, poorly differentiated carcinomas are combined more often with genotype AA of leptin receptor gene presence and with a trend to higher 8-OHdG blood level, while a more advanced clinical stage and (at the same time) a better tumor differentiation -with telomeres length.
Conclusions: The parameters that delineate a genome state and a degree of systemic DNA damage, can differ by their characteristics in EC patients with SO and MHO and not rarely are associated in various ways with clinical and morphological features of the tumor process in the two studied obesity phenotypes. Subsequently, there are grounds to study these issues taking into account the renovated classification of molecular biological types of endometrial cancer.
RECOMBINANT TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-THYMOSIN-A1: THE IMPACT ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY AND ANGIOGENESIS IN BREAST CANCER
Authors: Vladimirova Lyubov , Nepomnyashchaya Yevgeniya , Podzorova Natalya , Novikova Inna , Ulyanova Yelena , Abramova Nataliya
Published: November 2020

The article covers the results of clinical application of a domestic drug based on recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha-thymosin-alpha1 (TNF-T) combined with chemotherapy FAC and РА during neoadjuvant treatment of patients with breast cancer IIB-IIIB stage. In contrast to the standard subcutaneous application method, the authors proposed peritumoral administration of TNF-T to maximize the drug's action directly on the tumor, peritumoral tissue. TNF-T 200000 IU peritumorally on days 1-5 of each treatment course showed significant increase in objective effect rate, including increase in frequency of complete regressions, and decrease in frequency and intensity of chemotherapy complications. Morphological examination revealed an increase rate of medical pathomorphosis grade III-IV, decreased number of microvessels in tumor in comparison with primary tumors
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF ORPHAN SYNDROMES ASSOCIATED WITH NUMEROUS TYPES OF CANCER IN CHILDREN
Authors: Kazubskaya Tatyana , Shirokova N. , Lukyanova Ye. , Kozlova V. , Trofimov Yevgeniy , Sokolova Irina , Kondrateva Tatyana , Pospekhova Natalya , Strelnikov Vladimir , Mikhaylova S.
Published: November 2020

Sarcomas and brain tumors in children are a heterogeneous group of tumors, more than 7% of which may be a component of the Li-Fraumeni and Li-Fraumeni-like syndromes. The recognition these syndromes prior the adequate molecular testing is not always possible. This leads to late the diagnosis of tumor and not always adequate treatment. There are presented results of the molecular genetics diagnosis of the disease in four children with neoplasm arising in different organs and different periods in their life, between 2000 and 2015. Based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), test systems multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, Segner’s sequencing were detected a germline mutations of ТР53 gene in all children and some their relatives. Mutation in the gene ТР53, exon 7, с.С742Т (р.R248W) was reviled in one of these children, which inherited from his father affected multiple primary tumors. Besides, in this child discovered the second germinal missense mutation in the gene PPARG с.С254А (pP85Q), which inherited from the mother. Two missense mutations in the TP53 gene, exon 6 [c.619G> A (P.D207N) and c.644G> T (P.S215I)] identified in the second child, that inherited from the unaffected mother. The TP53 mutation exon 4, s.C328T (P.R110C) was revealed in the third child and the same mutations were detected in the child's mother and her 4 years old sister, who were healthy. Detected variants mutations indicated incomplete penetrance. The disease of the fourth child with intragenic deletion of exon 10 [c. (+ 11196- 1195 (1302 + 1_1303-1) del, P. (Ile332 ProfsTer14)] had the most aggressive course, with the development of 6 primary neoplasm. All identified genotypes had led to varying severity of disease symptoms in children. It is showed that the basis for the testing of mutations in the TP53 gene in children is early age of sarcomas, brain tumors and multiple primary neoplasms. Genetic TP53 testing should be offered their first-degree relatives. Because carriers of TP53 mutations have the risk of the other primary malignancy, they should be under active medical observing for life.
MONITORING OF PATIENTS WITH TUMORS OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA ON STAGES OF COMPLEX TREATMENT
Authors: Kochurova Yekaterina , Nikolenko Vladimir
Published: November 2020

Treatment of patients with tumors of the maxillofacial region is a complex multi-step process. The type and volume of treatment were determined by the prevalence of cancer process. The plan of complex treatment of this group of patients was made individually but depending on the morphological variant, clinical and anatomic characteristics, dental status, carcinogenic factors and stage of disease. For dynamic observation of the stages of treatment it is advisable to use biomarkers, through which it is possible to monitor the resulting effect.
MARKERS OF SURGERY STRESS IN COMPARISON OF THORACOSCOPIC AND THORACOTOMIC RESECTIONS IN LUNG CANCER
Authors: Glushchenko Vladimir , Mikhnin Aleksandr , Levchenko Yevgeniy , Yurin R.
Published: November 2020

Correction of a stress response including in the field of oncology is the most important task, since it has a significant effect on the outcome of surgical treatment. The solution of this problem can be facilitated by modern equipment of operating rooms, reduction of traumatism and invasiveness of interventions, optimization of preoperative preparation of a patient, new methods of anesthesia, analgesia and patient management in the postoperative period. On the other hand an approach, which is focused only on reducing the traumatic nature of surgical intervention, cannot be the main one in the concept of surgery for malignant tumors.
THE USE OF ONTOLOGY IN SCREENING FOR CANCER
Authors: Barchuk Anton , Satikov V. , Gaydukov V. , Chernaya Antonina , Kanaev Sergey , Tarakanov Sergey , Komarov Yuriy , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Arsenev Andrey , Belyaev Aleksey , Nefedova A.
Published: November 2020

One of the most important problems of modern medicine, which, in particular, precludes the effective implementation of new diagnostic methods such as population screening, is the steady increase of volumes of important medical data, as well as insufficient attention to the analysis of the dynamics of the patients’ condition. These problems can be solved by the information support of medical specialist in the process of research and in the formation of recommendations for further management of patients. In the study, we examined the possible ways of solving these problems through the development of software tools for creation of knowledge bases of recommendations for monitoring and treatment of various diseases, as well as intelligent decision support by the example of cancer. The results of tests of these solutions allow speaking about their effectiveness and applicability in clinical practice.
SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY IN EARLY BREAST CANCER: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE N.N. PETROV RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY
Authors: Krivorotko Petr , Zernov Konstantin , Paltuev Ruslan , Artemeva Anna , Turkevich Yelena , Busko Yekaterina , Semiglazov Vladislav , Novikov Sergey , Kanaev Sergey , Semiglazov Vladimir , Trufanova Ye. , Dashyan Garik , Bryantseva Zhanna , Vorotnikov Vladimir , Tabagua Tengiz , Komyakhov Aleksandr , Bessonov Aleksandr , Gigolaeva Larisa , Chernaya Antonina , Beloborodova Kseniya , Zhiltsova Yelena , Ivanova Olga , Ivanov Vadim , Nikolaev Kirill , Donskikh R.
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate a 3-year distant treatment outcomes of patients with early breast cancer who had undergone sentinel lymph node biopsy. Methods. A total of 681 patients with early cT1-2N0M0 breast cancer treated in the N.N. Petrov research institute of oncology form 2012 till 2016 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Radioisotopes were used to identify sentinel nodes. In case a macrometastatic lesion was found (>2mm) ALND was performed. Subsequent adequate systemic treatment and radiotherapy were administered in accordance with the pTNM status, biologic subtype and age. Results. A 3-year overall survival equaled 99.3% (SE 0.4%), recurrence-free survival was 99.2% (SE 0.4%). Survival of patients without nodal involvement reached 100%, whereas for patients with metastatic nodes it was 97.4% (SE 1.8%). The threshold for the number of the affected nodes significantly influencing survival equaled 1 (р=0,0187). Overall survival of patients with 0 to 1 positive lymph nodes was 99.7% (SE 0.3%), with more than 1 node involved - 95.7% (SE 0.3%) (р=0,00444). Conclusion. Overall 3-year survival of patients with early breast cancer approaches 100%. Sentinel lymph node biopsy allows avoiding unnecessary and traumatizing axillary dissection and improves the quality of life.
FEATURES OF RECURRENCE OF BCRA-POSITIVE OVARIAN CANCER
Authors: Gorodnova Tatyana , Matveeva N. , Imyanitov Yevgeniy , Berlev Igor , Urmancheeva Adiliya , Mikaya Nikolay , Sidoruk Anna , Nekrasova Yekaterina , Meshkova Irina , Ulrikh Yelena , Guseynov Katran , Kotiv Khristina , Kuligina Yekaterina , Sokolenko Anna , Trifanov Yu.
Published: November 2020

The study included 160 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) who underwent combined treatment from January 2000 to January 2013 at the N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology. Compared to non-mutated patients, BRCA-positive patients were characterized by a longer platinum-free interval (BFI) (14 months [95% CI 9.6-36.4 months] versus 8 months [95% Ci 4.8-12.4 months]; P = 0.006), with the largest median of the BFI were established using the CAP scheme - 33.5 months versus 12 months using the TCbP scheme. Half of patients with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene (20/40 (50%)) had an isolated recurrence in the pelvic area versus 35/120 (29.2%) of patients without mutations (p = 0.00001). The progression of distant foci in the first recurrence of the disease in patients with mutations was significantly lower (15/40 (37.5%) versus 84/120 (70%), p = 0.00001). In addition 85% of recurrences in BRCA-positive patients were platinum-sensitive. Only the age of patients with advanced OC was an independent prognostic factor of BFI since the start of treatment (p = 0.00001).
PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION AND SCREENING OF EMOTIONAL STRESS IN CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Chulkova Valentina , Semiglazova Tatyana , Vagaytseva Margarita , Karitskiy Andrey , Demin Yevgeniy , Fedorova Viktoriya , Pestereva Yelena , Belyaev Aleksey , Kondrateva K.
Published: November 2020

Psychological rehabilitation is an integral part of rehabilitation of a cancer patient. Psychological rehabilitation is aimed at a patient adaptation in the situation of the disease and improvement his quality of life. Understanding of an oncological disease is extreme and (or) crisis situation and monitoring dynamics of the psychological statement of a patient allows using differentiated approach in the provision of professional psychological assistance. The modified scale of self-esteem level of distress (IPOS) was used for screening of mental and emotional stress of cancer patients. There were selected groups of cancer patients who were most in need of professional psychological assistance. Results of a psychological study of one of these groups - breast cancer patients - are presented.
PROSPECTS FOR HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY WITH AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN THE FIRST LINE OF THERAPY FOR AGGRESSIVE NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS
Authors: Filatova Larisa , Kharchenko Yevgeniya , Alekseev Sergey , Zyuzgin Ilya , Artemeva Anna , Motalkina Margarita , Semiglazova Tatyana , Ishmatova I. , Shilo P.
Published: November 2020

Currently there is no single approach to treatment for aggressive diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma (Double-HIT and Triple-HIT). Accumulated world data remain controversial and, given the unfavorable prognosis in this subgroup, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in the first line of treatment is a therapeutic option.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SCREENING FOR BREAST CANCER
Authors: Semiglazov Vladimir , Merabishvili Vakhtang , Semiglazov Vladislav , Komyakhov Aleksandr , Demin Yevgeniy , Kharitonov Mikhail , Atroshchenko A.
Published: November 2020

To our estimations annually breast cancer is registered in more than 2 million women in the world (1018% of all malignant tumors). According to the latest edition of the IARC “Cancer in 5 continents” (V. X, IARC Scientific Publication №164) the maximum standardized rate is recorded over 100 0/0000 in Belgium, Italy and France. The minimum standardized rate (less than 40 0/0000) is marked in Cuba, Turkey and Ukraine. Paying attention to the steady growth of primary cases of breast cancer in the world that are in the first place in the structure of cancer, one of the main tasks of cancer control becomes mass periodic examinations of healthy population to detect latent cancer in such stage when it can be cured completely.
The purpose of the study is to investigate breast cancer epidemiology at the present stage and to develop an effective program for breast cancer secondary prevention.
Materials and methods. In order to perform the study for the preventive realization there were selected the most suitable methods of mass screening of practically healthy women, modified software accumulation, collection and analysis of data, conducted pilot development on the basis of out-patient departments and the Oncology Center of the Moscow District of St. Petersburg.
CHANGES IN ENDOMETRIAL CANCER CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES DURING THE PAST HALF CENTURY
Authors: Bershteyn Lev , Berlev Igor , Turkevich Yelena , Baltrukova A.
Published: November 2020

Objective of the study was to compare the characteristics of endometrial cancer (EC) in patients observed in years 1965 - 1969, 1995 - 1999 and 2012 - 2015.
Results. The research was conducted on the basis of the same institution and it showed that over the past 50 years (1965 to 2015) an increase in the average age of women with primary EC. Despite the increase by through the decades in relatively favorable endometrial adenocarcinomas in relation to non-endometrioid tumors, with the increasing age of patients the incidence of non-endometrioid carcinomas increased especially due to women older than 60 years compared with patients younger than 50 years. This was reflected in such characteristics as stage of the process (according to FIGO), degree of tumor differentiation, proportion of serous carcinomas and expression of HER-2/neu.
Conclusion. Taken into account contemporary renewal of molecular-biological classification of endometrial cancer types the data collected in this study may also have practical value in particular for decisions related to personalized conservative therapy options.
THE USE OF THE ORIGINAL METHOD OF RESTORING THE INFRAMAMMARY FOLD DURING TWO-STAGE BREAST RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Ismagilov Artur , Kamaletdinov Ilnur , Afanaseva Zinaida
Published: November 2020

The Inframammary fold (IMF) is an important component of attractive and esthetically normal appearance of the breast and one of the most important elements of natural breast ptosis. It plays a significant role in the formation and maintenance of breast shape as well as it provides support for the implants placed subpectoral that prevent their malposition. It is necessary to restore the IMF during breast reconstruction and it allows achieving results similar to their natural breasts. The IMF reconstruction existing methods on a row with the advantages have some disadvantages: visible scars and contour irregularities in case of the external access, indentations at the site of IMF, little ptosis improvement or small projection, therefore it is impossible to choice a particular method of its reconstruction. Considering certain shortcomings of the existing methods of reconstruction Prof. A. Ismagilov et al. have developed a new IMF reconstruction technique using the posterior sheet of the expander capsule. This article presents our 4-year experience of performing this original technique during two-stage breast reconstruction.
INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY - MODERN STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Zakharenko Aleksandr , Zaytsev Danila , Natkha Aleksandr , Belyaev Mikhail , Trushin Anton , Ten Oleg , Rybalchenko Vitaliy
Published: November 2020

The golden standard of peritoneal carcinomatosis treatment is cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in combination with a hyperthermal intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). However, in lack of carcinomatosis there still was appliance of HIPEC as an adjuvant therapy reducing the risks of peritoneal metastatic spread. Novel method of pressurized aerosol intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIPAC) allowed, while use less drug doses and it ability for repeating procedures, to reduce disseminated process to local as a first step to performing CRS and HIPEC. It still remains an interesting problem for the discussion.
RATIONALIZATION FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF OVARIAN CANCER AND CHRONIC SALPINGOOPHORITIS IN THE PARAMETERS OF DISINTEGRATION AND NETWORK MODELING CHANGES OF BLOOD FLOW IN UTERINE AND OVARIAN ARTERIES AND VEINS
Authors: Agarkov Nikolay , Tkachenko Pavel , Kicha Dmitriy , Aksenov Vitaliy , Ivanov Aleksandr , Shulga Leonid , Subbotina T.
Published: November 2020

Analysis of ultrasonic blood flow changes in uterine and ovarian arteries and veins in 92 patients with ovarian cancer and 87 patients with chronic salpingoophoritis has allowed to identify the leading differential diagnostic criteria, which include minimum diastolic blood flow velocity, resistance index, while fast hyperemia, the index of venous outflow diastolic index and index of peripheral resistance. Based on a selection of leading differential diagnostic criteria for ovarian cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis developed a network model of differentiation of these groups of patients, streamlining the differential diagnostic process
Penggunaan Media Visual Nilai - Nilai Pancasila dalam Pembelajaran PPKN
Authors: Qiromah Muflihatul Qiromah
Published: November 2020

This research is motivated by the lack of public understanding of the values of pancasila.this study uses visual media toimprove learning achievement of pancasila values andattitudes that contain pancasilavalues andmake learning more fun.Type of research used is field research.Data collection by observation and interview.Data were analyzed using qualitative analysis.Visual media research results in the from of pancasila values in the from of Pancasilasymbols and pictures of Pancasilavalues using demonstration methods matchthe value of Pancasila with Pancasila symbols in group showing visualization media pancasila value are more effectiveto make learning more fun and visual media pancasila values are more effectivein increasing student motivation in learning that contains pancasila values.
PENGGUNAAN KOMIK UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN MENYAMPAIKAN PENDAPAT SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS IV SD/MI
Authors: Dea Amelia H
Published: November 2020

Tidak semua anak di Sekolah Dasar sudah bisa menyampikan pendapat, beberapa anak masih enggan bahkan cenderung pasif dan diam saat diminta menyampaikan pendapat. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena anak masih mengalami kesulitan dalam mengekspresikan apa yang ada dalam pikiran dan perasaannya, anak belum terlatih untuk dapat menyampaikan pendapatnya, serta kurangnya media yang digunakan guru dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk menggunakan media komik untuk mengembangkan keterampilan menyampaikan pendapat siswa.

Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Eksperimen Semu (Quasi Experimental), dengan desain eksperimen one group pretest-posttest. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa test, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada keberhasilan dalam penggunaan komik terhadap keterampilan menyampaikan pendapat peserta didik di kelas IV MI Ma’arif NU 02 Tamansari. Penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat pada pretest sebesar 65,51, kemudian nilai rata-rata meningkat pada posttest menjadi 84. Hal tersebut didukung dengan hasil perhitungan uji t test pada keterampilan menyampaikan pendapat siswa  dan sig (0,000) < 0,05. Data tersebut menunjukan bahwa media pembelajaran komik berpengaruh dalam mengembangkan keterampilan menyampaikan pendapat siswa.
IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA BERBASIS AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATERI GERAKAN SHOLAT FIQIH (STUDI KASUS DIKELAS V MIN 1 BANYUMAS)
Authors: Rizki Fitrianto
Published: November 2020

Abstract

             In effective learning in a classroom, it requires a variety of media that makes it easier for students to absorb the learning conveyed by the teacher. Therefore, the teacher is required to be able to convey the material correctly and correctly. From there the researchers wanted to conduct a research with the formulation of the problem of how the use of audio visual media in the ability to practice reading and prayer movements in the study of jurisprudence. The subjects in this study were grade V students with 30 students consisting of 18 women and 12 men. The method in this study used a descriptive (qualitative) method. Data collection used is observation, interview and documentation, which are then analyzed using the data reduction techniques described. In accordance with the results of the analysis conducted by researchers, students who scored above the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) were 18 students, with a percentage of 65%, while students who received scores below as many as 12 students with a percentage of 35%. If you look at the data for each aspect, it can be concluded that there are still many students who only have enough mastery in terms of dhikr and pray after prayer. While those who reach the level of mastering well are the aspects of reading the Surah Al-Fatihah. The conclusion is that the Ability, Practicing of Reading and Movement of Prayer is interesting and enthusiastic so that through audio-visual media can be improved by audio-visual media.
PEMANFAATAN ALAM SEKITAR SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Fauzi Fauzi
Published: November 2020

Abstrak

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : Mendiskripsikan pemanfaatan alam sekitar sebagai sumber belajar mata pelajaran IPA. Untuk mendalami hal ini dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam hal ini yang dijadikan sebagai Subyek adalah salah satu pendidk  yang pengampu mata pelajaran yang  menjadi guru kelas di kelas V, jumlah peserta didik sebanyak 28 murid. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu metode observasi, dokumentasi serta wawancara. Untuk melengkapi keakuratan penelitian dan Keabsahan data perlu menggunakan metode  dan teknik-teknik penelitian supaya mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian adalah: Pemanfaatan alam sekitar merupakan wahana yang dapat dijadikan sumber belajar yang dilakukan dalam bentuk variasi dan menyenangkan  pada saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung baik di kelas maupun di luar kelas. Taman sekolah, kebun, dan sawah yang ada disekitar dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar yang menarik dan menyenangkan. Dalam pelaksanaan penggunaan  pemanfaatan alam sekitar sebagai sumber belajar terdapat kendala-kendala diantara  kurangnya kemampuan seorang pendidik dalam mengkondisikan peserta didik, membutuhkan waktu yang tidak sedikit dalam proses pelaksanaannya, peserta didik merasa kebingungan dalam mereviw dari hasil kegiatan, dan sumber belajar yang kurang mewadahi.
DONGENG MELATIH KEMAHIRAN ANAK MENULIS DONGENG MELALUI IMAJINASI
Authors: Prasetyo Aldi
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

One of the important skills in language learning is writing. Writing skills, need to be familiarized with children, such as fairy tale writing skills. One way to teach it is a fun activity, which is by linking writing with children’s habit’s, which is to teach imagine. This study aims to analyze the results of the implementation of the design of learning to write fairy tales through imagination activities. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The subject is the fourth grade students of MI Muhamadiyah Beji with a total of 14 students. The result showed that 92.85% of the 14 student were able to create fairy tales through the imaginations, and 7.15% of students were unable to write them in writing because they did not follow the learning well. This activity is also able to explore children who have the potential to write.

Keywords: Indonesian Language, Writing Fairy Tales, Imagination.

 

ABSTRAK

Salah satu ketrampilan penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa ialah menulis. Ketrampilan Menulis, perlu dibiasakan pada anak, seperti ketrampilan menulis dongeng. Salah satu cara mengajarkannya ialah dengan kegiatan yang menyenangkan, yaitu dengan menghubungkan antara menulis dengan kebiasaan anak, yaitu berimajinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hasil implementasi desain pembelajaran menulis dongeng melalui kegiatan berimajinasi. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun subjeknya ialah siswa kelas IV MI Muhamadiayah Beji yang berjumlah 14  siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 92.85% dari 14 siswa mampu membuat dongeng dengan melalui pancingan-pancingan imajinasi dan 7.15% siswa tidak mampu menuangkannya dalam bentuk tulis dikarenakan tidak mengikuti pembelajaran dengan baik. Kegiatan ini pula mampu menggali anak-anak yang mempunyai potensi menulis.

Kata kunci: Bahasa Indonesia, Menulis Dongeng, Imajinasi.
PEMBELAJARAN KREATIF MENULIS PUISI DENGAN MEDIA GAMBAR DI MI MA’ARIF NU I KALIWANGI
Authors: Muslimah
Published: November 2020

Writing activities are essentially not only to give birth to a thought and a feeling, but also a disclosure of knowledge ideas and the life experience of a person in writing language.

The study used a qualitative approach with case study techniques. With the research subject grade V students MI ma'arif NU 1 Kaliwangi. Data collection techniques with interviews, observations, and documentation. Analytics Data uses the Miles and Huberman model.

Results showed (a) mature planning before the process of dissection (b) the implementation of creative learning with the image media assisted by the LCD, and Worksheet (c) Self-reliance assessment techniques with direct observation, and system point, (d) The lack of introductory media such as dictionaries changed basic barriers.
REKONTRUKSI PEMIKIRAN HIDDEN CURRICULUM UNTUK MENGINTERNALISASIKAN NILAI-NILAI MODERASI BERAGAMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Ikhsan Nur Fahmi
Published: November 2020

Diversity for indonesians is believed to be destiny. Not asked, but rather a gift of God, not to be bargained but to be received (taken for granted). However, there are still certain people or groups who misunderstood the meaning of diversity, triggering conflicts between tribes, religions, races and factions. Education has an important role to prevent horizontal confucianism due to ethnic, racial, and religious differences occurring, namely by internalizing the values of religious moderation through education, PAI becomes a tool to internalize moderate, tolerant, and compassionate religious moderation values to others. The process of internalizing religious moderation values can be done by using hidden curriculum, the term hidden curriculum points to everything that can have an effect in the ongoing teaching and education process that may be able to improve or encourage or even undermine the efforts of achieving educational goals. In other words, hidden curriculum refers to educational practices and results that are not outlined in the programmatic curriculum or the education institution's policy curriculum instructions. This article will analyze and explore internalization models of religious moderation values through hidden curriculum in PAI learning.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PERMAINAN CONGKLAK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MATERI KPK DI KELAS IV
Authors: Aji Madia Abdurrahman
Published: November 2020

According to Trianto, one of the main problems in learning mathematics in schools today is the low absorption of students. The way that can be used to overcome these problems is by using media in learning mathematics. From the results of writing conducted by Luh Made Suriwati, et al, it was found that learning with the help of visual media is more effective in improving student learning outcomes compared to conventional learning methods. One of the media that can be used in learning mathematics is Congklak game media.

This type of writing is action research aimed at developing an action plan to improve what is being done now. This writing is descriptive writing, where this writing is writing that really only describes what is contained or occurs in a particular scene, field, or region, namely SD N 1 Toyareka. This writing uses data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation while the technical analysis of data uses data reduction, data presentation and data conclusion. The purpose of this writing is to describe the use of Congklak game media in learning mathematics in class IV and the use of Congklak game resources in instilling student character.

The results of the writing show that the Congklak media can be used in learning Mathematics of Multiples Small Guilds. Where in the use of the media, the authors modify the game board by giving writing numbers in each hole of the board. Through the use of these media students can actively and enthusiastically participate in chases that have an impact on improving student learning outcomes. In addition, through the use of the Congklak game media can help teachers to convey the concept of Multiple Small Guilds (KPK) easily and at the same time be more acceptable to students. Through the use of congklak game media can also instill the character of students' curiosity. Keywords
Highest mathematics: how mathematics was taught to future Russian tsars
Authors: Karp Alexander
Published: November 2020

This paper attempts to describe the manner in which the grand dukes of Russia, including future emperors, were taught mathematics. The archives contain many unpublished and unstudied documents devoted to this matter. Such records inform us about the content and form of education and, more generally, of what actually took place in a school classroom at the time. Also of interest are the individuals invited to teach the tsars’ children. In a certain way, the selection of teachers gives us a sense of what was considered good in education. The discussion, which relies on unpublished archival materials as well as recently published ones and on memoirs that have been preserved, focuses on three generations -Nicholas I (1796-1855), his children, and his grandchildren, with brief excursuses into other periods. Keywords: mathematics education, Russia, grand dukes, mathematics teachers, tutors
Friedrich Fröbel’s conception of crystallography and the mathematical education at the 19th century kindergartens
Authors: Friedman Michael
Published: November 2020

What is the connection between crystallography and kindergarten activities? The paper aims to show the ways Friedrich Fröbel, the founder of the modern kindergarten, was influenced by crystallography at the beginning of the 19th century. This influence explicitly manifested itself not only in a transfer of concepts from the German crystallographer Weiss, but also in a transfer of images, whose source was the French crystallographer Haüy. Fröbel, having a peculiar conception of mathematics, reshaped concepts and images from crystallography already during the 1810s, and conceptualized his playful objects with them for children. Keywords: Crystallography, Mathematics at the 19th century kindergartens, Friedrich Fröbel, René-Just Haüy, Christian Samuel Weiss.
SENSE SEARCHING AND LINGUISTIC CREATIVITY IN NOMINATION PROCESSES IN THE SPHERE OF NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Богданова Светлана Юрьевна , Карыпкина Юлия Николаевна
Published: November 2020

В статье анализируются факторы, влияющие на выбор языковых средств номинации объектов и действий в сфере «новые информационные технологии», а также смысловые ограничения, налагаемые этимологией слова, которые необходимо учитывать в процессе лингво-креативной деятельности. В условиях технологического прогресса естественный язык использует все внутренние резервы для обеспечения коммуникации между людьми. В процессе акта номинации определяются связи между тремя категориями различной природы, к которым относятся непосредственно элемент действительности, его мыслительный образ, существующий в сознании человека, и лексическая единица, фиксирующая данный образ в системе языка. Основным концептуальным механизмом номинации в анализируемой сфере является развитие смыслов, под которые подбираются или даже создаются слова. На примере номинативного поля сервиса Twitter продемонстрированы концептуальные механизмы, лежащие в основе словообразовательных моделей, применяемых в данной сфере. К данным механизмам относятся «концептуальная деривация», подразумевающая процесс рекомбинации смыслов, при которой новые концепты формируются на базе первичных, уже существовавших в концептуальной системе человека, и «концептуальная интеграция», обеспечивающая развитие языка и реализацию им ведущей функции передачи разнообразных смыслов при ограниченном наборе языковых средств. В сфере «новые информационные технологии» происходит развитие значений репрезентирующих ее слов, их специализация и закрепление в определенных позициях в грамматической структуре высказываний.

The article examines both the factors which influence the choice of the language means for the nomination of objects in the sphere «New Information Technologies» and semantic restrictions imposed by the «intrinsic form of a word» (or etymology) which should be taken into consideration in the process of linguocreative activity. In the situation of technological progress a human language uses all the internal resources to ensure communication between people. In nomination act the ties between three categories of different nature are identified. Those three categories comprise an element of real life, its mental image, and a lexical unit that fixes the image in the language system. The basic conceptual mechanism of nomination can be defined as the advancement of meanings for which appropriate words are chosen or even created. The conceptual mechanisms that underline the word-formation models with the reference to the nominative field of the Twitter service are illustrated. These mechanisms include «conceptual derivation» and «conceptual integration». Conceptual derivation implies the process of recombination of meanings already existing in a language. Conceptual integration guarantees both continual development of a language system and its implementation of the primary function of transmitting diverse meanings with a limited set of language resources.
THE REFERENTIAL POTENTIAL OF PERSON NAMES IN DIFFERENT-TYPE STATEMENTS IN ENGLISH AND TATAR LANGUAGES
Authors: Ибрагимова Эльмира Рафаилевна
Published: November 2020

В рамках данной статьи рассматриваются особенности референциального статуса наименований лица, функционирующих с наибольшей частотой в предложениях различных логико-семантических типов в английском и татарском языках. Актуальность темы определяется незначительной степенью изученности референциального потенциала наименований лица в различных типах предложений, а также особенностей референциального статуса наименований лица в зависимости от выполняемой ими синтаксической функции, особенно в плане сопоставления двух разноструктурных языков. Целью статьи является исследование соотнесенности референциального потенциала наименований лица с реализацией ими различных синтаксических функций в высказываниях разных типов. Задачей статьи является анализ четырех типов предложений (экзистенции, идентификации, предикации, номинации) татарского и английского языков, отличающихся наиболее высокой частотой функционирования наименований лица, с целью определения их типичных референциальных значений. Объектом исследования выступают высказывания из национальных лингвистических корпусов татарского и английского языков, включающие существительные заявленной семантики. В статье использованы методы компонентного, дистрибутивного анализа. Данная работа выполнена в русле исследований пространственной референции Е. В. Падучевой и Н. Д. Арутюновой. Установлено, что наименования лица обладают разным референтным значением в зависимости от типа выражаемых в предложении отношений - от нереферентного значения в предложениях бытийности до конкретно референциального в предложениях, выражающих отношения идентификации в обоих языках.

The article is devoted to the analysis of referential status of person names in different-type English and Tatar statements. The relevance of the topic is determined by the insufficient knowledge level of the person names referential potential, the dependence of their referential potential on the statement types and their syntactic functions in those different-types statements especially in comparative terms. The purpose of the article is to investigate the dependence of person’s name attributive on its possibilities of implementing various syntactic functions in a statement. The task is to conduct an appropriate analysis of four statement types (existence, identification, predication, nomination) in English and Tatar languages with frequent use of person names in order to determine typical referential meanings. The study object are statements from Russian and English linguistic corpus including the nouns of the declared semantics. The article uses the methods of component and distribution analysis. This article is done in line with the researches of spatial reference carried by E. V. Paducheva and N. D. Harutyunova. It’s found out that person names possess different referential status depending on the statement type - from a noun without any reference to person names with specifically referential status
TRAINING SESSIONS ON «HISTORY» IN GAME FORM OF A COURT SESSION AS A METHOD OF INCREASING THE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF LAW STUDENTS
Authors: Пфаненштиль Надежда Георгиевна
Published: November 2020

В данной статье подчеркивается важность использования в современном учебном процессе инновационных форм преподавания и особенное их значение в организации обучения в юридическом вузе. Подробно описывается механизм проведения учебного занятия по дисциплине «История» в игровой форме судебного заседания «Суд над Иваном Грозным» и анализируется его значение как метода повышения познавательной активности студентов. Перечисляются главные цели, организаторы, условия проведения деловой игры, а также основные этапы и ход «судебного заседания». Характеризуется основной состав участников и подробно описываются функции и обязанности каждого игрока в ходе подготовки, организации и проведения мероприятия. Формулируется общее значение деловой игры и перечисляются основные компетенции, умения и навыки, развитие которых она позволяет выявить и оценить. Данная игра позволяет сформировать у студентов комплексный подход к изучению и оценке исторических событий, явлений и деятелей, развивает способность к обобщению, самостоятельному анализу научной (и иной) информации, коммуникативные навыки, а также мотивацию к учебной деятельности и познавательный интерес к историческому наследию России.

This article emphasizes the importance of using innovative forms of teaching in the modern educational process and their special significance in the organization of training in law schools. It analyzes the mechanism of conducting a training session on the discipline «History» in the game form of the court session «Lawsuit against Ivan the Terrible» is described in detail and its significance as a method of increasing the cognitive activity of students; lists the main goals, organizers, conditions of the business game, as well as the main stages and progress of the «court session»; describes the main structure of participants and describes in detail the functions and responsibilities of each «player» when preparing, organizing and holding an event. The paper also describes the general meaning of the business game and the main competencies, skills and abilities that it helps to identify and evaluate. This game allows students to form a comprehensive approach to the study and assessment of historical events, phenomena and figures, develops the ability to generalize, independent analysis of scientific (and other) information, communication skills, as well as motivation for educational activities and cognitive interest in the historical heritage of Russia.
LATEST ATTEMPTS IN CONTEMPORARY IRANIAN ARCHITECTURE IN SEARCH FOR AUTHENTICITY
Authors: Farjami Ghazal , Farivarsadri Guita
Published: November 2020

The conflictions between homogeneity and universal values suggested by Modernism and traditional values resulted in a variety of ideas generated as a search for authenticity all over the world. Iran is known as one of the countries which imported the modern ideas directly to a society, which was still living with and respecting the traditional values. This challenge between the two seemingly conflicting poles of tradition and modernism resulted in three periods in the history of contemporary Iranian architecture. Now, it seems that Iranian architecture has entered to a new period regarding the interpretation of authenticity. Since novelty and relation with the past are known as the main indicators of the concept of authenticity, in this research it is tried to explore the ideas of seven pioneers of the new generation of architects in Iran around these concepts. These architects are amongst the most well-known young architects of Iran who have won more than 3 prizes in Memar (Architect) competition which is the most prestigious architectural competition in the country. To find out the interpretation of these architects about the concept of authenticity, inclusive interviews have been realized with these architects. Then, using recursive abstraction method, it is tried to find out the main points in definition of the concept of authenticity by each architect. In addition, some of the completed projects of theses architects have been visited and analyzed to find out the reflection of their ideas related to authenticity in their projects.