bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparação do perfil de venda da azitromicina antes e durante a pandemia do COVID-19 no interior da Bahia
Authors: Santos Larissa Félix dos , Lemos Gisele da Silveira , Santos Nara Jacqueline Souza dos
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil de venda da azitromicina durante a pandemia da COVID-19 e comparar esse perfil com o ano anterior em um município no interior da Bahia. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal com delineamento descritivo analítico. Os dados da amostra foram extraídos da base de dados do Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento de Produtos Controlados da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, município de Jequié, anos de 2019, 2020 e 2021. O teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson foi usado para comparar as proporções das variáveis categóricas. A relação entre variáveis contínuas foi realizada por meio do modelo de Regressão linear simples. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados: Verificou-se que o comprimido revestido foi o mais vendido em todos os anos, sobretudo em 2020, representando 89% das vendas; a faixa etária de 18-59 anos alcançou maior frequência em 2020, com 73,5%. O conselho de classe do prescritor foi, predominantemente, o Conselho Regional de Medicina que teve total de 92,7% das prescrições no ano de 2019, 91,4% em 2020 e 92,2% em 2021. Verificou-se associação estatística entre a forma farmacêutica e o sexo. Observou-se correlação entre quantidade vendida de azitromicina e número de casos confirmados de COVID-19 (r=0,931, p<0,001, R2=0,867). Conclusão: Verificou-se aumento na venda do antimicrobiano Azitromicina, com correlação entre quantidade vendida e número de casos confirmados de COVID-19, ligada ao incentivo do uso irracional de medicamentos, o que reforça a necessidade de incluir o farmacêutico como um agente essencial na promoção da saúde e ações de educação em saúde.
Best emergency preparedness practices for livestock farmers
Authors: Hipps Sarah
Published: February 2024

The American cowboy or cowgirl is someone who possesses a unique set of skills that allows them to contribute to the agricultural economy. From feeding animals to land management to business negotiations, these individuals do so much to support the American family by helping to get food on the table across the country, and even beyond in foreign lands on occasion. Therefore, it is important that these livestock farmers know what they can do in the event of an emergency. Yet, many people in the agriculture industry do not know what the best practices are for securing their livelihoods from emergencies. The research material in this paper answers that question. This paper will start with a literature review that looks at key terms surrounding the world of livestock and emergencies. Then, this paper lays out a list of recommendations that livestock farmers can use to enhance their entire operation.
Hurricane season hindsight 2020: Applying the IDEA model toward local tropical cyclone forecasts
Authors: Eicher Robert
Published: February 2024

Hurricane Laura began as a disorganized tropical depression in August 2020. Early forecast guidance showed that the tropical cyclone could either completely dissipate or strengthen to a major hurricane as it approached the United States Gulf Coast. While this uncertainty was known by meteorologists, it was not necessarily communicated to the public in a direct manner. As it turned out, the worst-case scenario was the correct one. The tropical depression rapidly intensified and made landfall near Cameron, Louisiana, with sustained winds of 150 mph, making Laura a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale. Laura’s rapid intensification caught some people off guard. Ideally, weather forecasts would have begun warning Louisiana residents to prepare for the possibility of a devastating hurricane in the early stages of tropical cyclone development. No one is suggesting that meteorologists did anything wrong. However, with the benefit of hindsight and decades of scholarly research in risk communication, we can speculate how an ideal forecast would have been written. This paper demonstrates that there are some simple considerations that could be made that might better alert the public to future hurricane worst-case scenarios, even in uncertain situations.
João dos Reis Gomes: contributo literário para a divulgação da História da Madeira
Authors: Figueira Paulo
Published: February 2024

Os romances históricos de João dos Reis Gomes são, na primeira metade do século XX, uma marca contributiva para a divulgação de referentes históricos da História da Madeira, além da referência e interpretação dos tempos, então, vividos. A Filha de Tristão das Damas, O Anel do Imperador e O Cavaleiro de Santa Catarina apresentam-se, também, como uma significativa contribuição para a identidade madeirense, bem como um ensaio interrogativo sobre questões que podem, ainda, ser tidas como atuais.
Forrongó lelátók : A cirkuszi pártok lázongásai Marcellinus Comes krónikájában
Authors: Sólyom Márk
Published: February 2024

A Dardania provinciából származó, katolikus keresztény vallású Marcellinus comes Iustinianus császár (527–565) cancellariusa és a 6. század elejének egyik legjelentősebb történetírója volt. Az udvari szerző latin nyelvű Krónikája (Chronicon) Hieronymus (Szent Jeromos) 379-ig eljutó krónikakompozíciójának az 534-ig megírt folytatása, amelyet egy ismeretlen auctor később egészen 548-ig kibővített. A mű a konstantinápolyi hippodromban zajló eseményeknek, illetve a két cirkuszi párt, a kék és a zöld factio lázongásainak is fontos, megkerülhetetlen írott forrása. A publikáció ezeknek a szöveghelyeknek a fordítására és kommentálására vállalkozik.
Minerva a homlokzaton : Ormós Zsigmond szerepe Magyarország első vidéki múzeumépületének létrejöttében
Authors: Gurzó K. Enikő
Published: February 2024

Alig egy évvel azután, hogy 1871-ben Ormós Zsigmond elfoglalta Temes vármegye főispáni székét, megalakult a történelmi Magyarország egyik legrégebbi vidéki múzeuma, amelyet Délmagyarországinak neveztek, ezzel jelezve regionális jellegét. A kezdeményező maga a főispán volt, aki saját művészeti kollekciója és régiséggyűjteménye felajánlásával vetette meg a máig prosperáló intézmény alapjait. Célját a vármegye értelmiségeinek és módosabb polgárainak a támogatásával érte el. Társadalmi összefogással hozták létre előbb a Délmagyarországi Történelmi és Régészeti Társulatot, amelyet minden részletre kiterjedő alapszabályzattal láttak el, majd megalapították a Délmagyarországi Múzeum-egyletet, végül összevonták a kettőt. Így született meg a Délmagyarországi Történeti és Régészeti Múzeumtársulat, amelyhez épületet is rendeltek, miután a vármegye támogatásával felépítettek a belvárosban egy emeletes ingatlant. Ebben már szakszerű védelmet is nyújtottak a műtárgyaknak. Tanulmányomban az intézmény megszületésének a folyamatát tekintem át, kiemelve azokat a személyiségeket, akik hozzájárultak a sikertörténethez. A történelmi eseménnyel a készülő disszertációmban foglalkozom részletesebben.
Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Balita Stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto
Authors: Yenni Yenni , Angka Andi Tenri
Published: February 2024

Balita Pendek (Stunting) adalah status gizi yang didasarkan pada indeks PB/U atau TB/U dimana dalam standar antropometri penilaian status gizi anak, hasil pengukuran tersebut berada pada ambang batas (Z-Score) <-2 SD sampai dengan -3 SD (pendek/ stunted) dan <-3 SD (sangat pendek / severely stunted). Stunting adalah masalah kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu cukup lama akibat pemberian makanan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan gizi. Stunting dapat terjadi mulai janin masih dalam kandungan dan baru nampak saat anak berusia dua tahun. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap balita stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional study. Sampel adalah balita yang mengalami stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto sebanyak 93 balita. dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian BBLR berpengaruh terhadap balita stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto (r = 0.025), riwayat penyakit berpengaruh terhadap balita stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto (r = 0.000), pengetahuan berpengaruh terhadap balita stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto (r = 0.017), ASI ekslusif berpengaruh terhadap balita stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto (r = 0.002). Kesimpulan BBLR, riwayat penyakit, pengetahuan, ASI Eksklusif berpengaruh terhadap balita stunting di Puskesmas Bulusibatang Kabupaten Jeneponto.
Apprentissage multiclasse multi-étiquette de changements d’état à partir de séries chronologiques d’images
Authors: ATTO Abdourrahmane M. , HADHRI Héla , VERNIER Flavien , TROUVÉ Emmanuel
Published: February 2024

Ce chapitre étudie les capacités de généralisation d’une bibliothèque de réseaux de neurones convolutifs pour la classification d’états de surface terrestre dans le temps, avec une granularité variable sur la nature des états. L’ensemble de données utilisé pour réaliser cette étude est constitué d'images à sémantique descriptible au sens de propriétés géophysiques et des impacts des conditions météorologiques en zone de glaciers.
Quantifying the uncertainties in thermal-optical analysis of carbonaceous aircraft engine emissions: An interlaboratory study
Authors: Sipkens Timothy , Corbin Joel , Smith Brett , Gagné Stephanie , Lobo Prem , Brem Benjamin , Johnson Mark , Smallwood Gregory
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Carbonaceous particles, such as soot, make up a notable fraction of atmospheric particulate matter and contribute substantially to anthropogenic climate forcing, air pollution, and human health. Thermal-optical analysis (TOA) is one of the most widespread methods used to speciate carbonaceous particles and divides total carbon (TC) into the operationally defined quantities of organic carbon (OC; carbon evolved during slow heating in an inert atmosphere) and elemental carbon (EC). While multiple studies have identified fundamental scientific reasons for uncertainty in distinguishing OC and EC, far fewer studies have reported on interlaboratory reproducibility. Moreover, existing reproducibility studies have focused on complex atmospheric samples. The real-time instruments used for regulatory measurements of aircraft engine non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) mass emissions are required to be calibrated to the mass of EC determined by TOA of the filter-sampled emissions of a diffusion flame source. However, significant differences have been observed in the calibration factor for the same instrument based on EC content determined by different calibration laboratories. Here, we report on the reproducibility of TC, EC, and OC quantified using the same TOA protocol, instrument model (Sunset 5L), and software settings (auto split-point: Calc405) across five different laboratories and instrument operators. Six unique data sets were obtained, with one laboratory operating two instruments. Samples were collected downstream of an aircraft engine after treatment with a catalytic stripper to remove volatiles. We compared laboratory-reported uncertainties with actual variability in the data set, the difference of which (dark uncertainty) was substantial. Interlaboratory (dark) contributions increase uncertainties by a factor of 1.2 – 1.6 relative to the laboratory-reported uncertainties, even for these relatively simple samples (combustion particles downstream of a stripper), resulting in uncertainties of 26 % (k = 2) for EC. Uncertainties were a little larger for EC than for OC. These results indicate that current TOA uncertainties are underestimated and should be adjusted upwards to reflect these interlaboratory differences.
ISMIP6-based Antarctic Projections to 2100: simulations with the BISICLES ice sheet model
Authors: O'Neill James F. , Edwards Tamsin L. , Martin Daniel F. , Shafer Courtney , Cornford Stephen L. , Seroussi Helene L. , Nowicki Sophie , Adhikari Mira
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet is one of the most uncertain components of sea level rise to 2100. Ice sheet models are the primary tool for projecting future sea level contribution from continental ice sheets. The Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 6 (ISMIP6) provided projections of the ice sheets contribution to sea level over the 21st century. It quantified uncertainty due to ice sheet model, climate scenario, forcing climate model and uncertain model parameters. We present simulations following the ISMIP6 framework with the BISICLES ice sheet model, alongside new experiments extending the ISMIP6 protocol to more comprehensively explore uncertain ice sheet processes. These results contributed to Antarctic projections of Edwards et al. (2021), which formed the basis of sea level projections for the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (AR6). The BISICLES experiments presented here show the important interplay between surface mass balance forcing and ocean driven melt, with high warming, high accumulation forcing conditions leading to mass gain (negative sea level contribution) under low sensitivity to ocean driven melt. Conversely, we show that when sensitivity to ocean warming is high, ocean melting drives increased mass loss despite high accumulation. Finally, we show that collapse of ice shelves due to surface warming increases sea level contribution by 25 mm for both moderate and high sensitivity of ice shelf melting to ocean forcing tested.
Effects of surface water interactions with karst groundwater on microbial biomass, metabolism, and production
Authors: Barry-Sosa Adrian , Flint Madison K. , Ellena Justin C. , Martin Jonathan B. , Christner Brent C.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Unearthing the effects of surface water and groundwater interactions on subsurface biogeochemical reactions is crucial for developing a more mechanistic understanding of carbon and energy flow in aquifer ecosystems. To examine physiological characteristics across groundwater microbial communities that experience varying degrees of interaction with surface waters, we investigated ten springs and a river sink and rise system in North Central Florida that discharge from 10 and/or mix with the karstic Upper Floridan Aquifer (UFA). Groundwater with longer residence times in the aquifer had lower concentrations of dissolved oxygen, dissolved and particulate organic carbon, and microbial biomass, as well as the lowest rates of respiration (0.102 to 0.189 mg O2 L-1 d-1) and heterotrophic production (198 to 576 μg C L-1 d-1). Despite these features, oligotrophic UFA groundwater (< 0.5 mg C L-1) contained bioavailable organic matter that supported doubling times (14 to 62 h) and cell specific production rates (0.0485 to 0.261 pmol C cell-1 h-1) comparable to those 15 observed for surface waters (17 to 20 h; 0.105 to 0.124 pmol C cell-1 h-1). The relatively high specific rates of dissimilatory and assimilatory metabolism indicate a subsurface source of labile carbon to the groundwater (e.g., secondary production and/or chemoautotrophy). Our results link variations in UFA hydrobiogeochemistry to the physiology of its groundwater communities, providing a basis to develop new hypotheses related to microbial carbon cycling, trophic hierarchy, and processes generating bioavailable organic matter in karstic aquifer ecosystems.
Biological and dust aerosol as sources of ice nucleating particles in the Eastern Mediterranean: source apportionment, atmospheric processing and parameterization
Authors: Gao Kunfeng , Vogel Franziska , Foskinis Romanos , Vratolis Stergios , Gini Maria I. , Granakis Konstantinos , Billault-Roux Anne-Claire , Georgakaki Paraskevi , Zografou Olga , Fetfatzis Prodromos , Berne Alexis , Papagiannis Alexandros , Eleftheridadis Konstantinos , Möhler Ottmar , Nenes Athanasios
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Aerosol-cloud interactions in mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) are one of the most uncertain drivers of the hydrological cycle and climate change. A synergy of in-situ, remote sensing and modelling experiments was used to determine the source of ice nucleating particles (INPs) for MPCs at Mount Helmos in the Eastern Mediterranean. The influences of boundary layer turbulence, vertical aerosol distributions and meteorological conditions were also examined. When the observation site is in the Free Troposphere (FT), approximately 1 in 106 aerosol particles serve as INPs. The INP abundance spans three orders of magnitude and increases following the order of marine aerosols, continental aerosols, and finally, dust plumes. Biological particles are important INPs observed in continental and marine aerosols, whereas they play a secondary yet important role even during Saharan dust events. Air masses in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) show both enriched INP concentrations and higher proportion of INPs in comparison to total aerosol particles, different from cases in the FT. The presence of precipitations/clouds enriches INPs in the FT but decreases INPs in the PBL. Additionally, new INP parameterizations, incorporating the ratio of fluorescent-to-nonfluorescent or coarse-to-fine particles and predicting >90 % of the observed INPs within an uncertainty range of a factor of 10, exhibit better performance than current widely-used parameterizations, and allow ice formation in models to respond to variations in dust and biological particles. The improved parameterizations can help MPC formation simulations in regions with various INP sources or different regions with prevailing INP sources.
Coexistence of bilateral Langer’s arm arch and Kaplan’s anastomosis: a case report and literature review
Authors:   Living Anatomy Laboratory, 3rd Normal Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Colombo Axel O. , Funes Sofia ,   Living Anatomy Laboratory, 3rd Normal Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Medin Agustina ,   Living Anatomy Laboratory, 3rd Normal Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Ferré Tomás ,   Living Anatomy Laboratory, 3rd Normal Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, De Zan Juan M. ,   Living Anatomy Laboratory, 3rd Normal Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Bendersky Mariana ,   Living Anatomy Laboratory, 3rd Normal Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina; ENyS (National Scientific and Technical Research Council - CONICET)
Published: February 2024

The axillopectoral muscle [Langer’s arm arch (LAA)], is described as a supernumerary musculo-tendino-fascial structure, which connects at least two muscles that make up the walls of the axillary fossa. This anatomical variant is found in around 7% and 15% of the population, usually unilaterally, on the right side and in females. Kaplan described a nervous communication between the dorsal and the terminal superficial branches of the ulnar nerve, both sensory, with an incidence of the 2% to 4%. A case report is presented of an anatomical preparation, in which Langer’s arm arch and Kaplan anastomosis coexisted on both sides. A review of literature of LAA and Kaplan’s anastomosis is also presented. The knowledge of these anatomical variations is important as they are involved in a wide variety of vascular, nervous and functional disorders of the upper limb.
Possible therapeutic effect of combined platelet-rich plasma and stem cells on induced knee osteoarthritis in adult male albino rat: histological and immunohistochemical study
Authors:   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt, Haleem Nabila Y.A. , Nasralla Mogeda M. , Abd El-Moaty Mohammed M. , Farid Eman F. , Shuaib Doaa M.
Published: February 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. It is the most common form of arthritis among elderly individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of intra‑articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), both in combination and separately in the treatment of monoiodoacetate (MIA) induced OA in rats. Seventy adult male albino rats were randomly divided into seven groups, 10 rats in each (control, sham control, OA-induced, PRP, BMSCs, PRP+BMSCs and recovery). Histological examination was done using haematoxylin and eosin, alcian blue and Masson’s trichrome stains. Immunohistochemical staining for collagen type II antigen and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was carried out. Measurements of serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) was performed using ELISA. Expression of ACAN gene was done using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and histomorphometric measurements were analyzed. Radiographs were acquired from the knee joint. Light microscopic examination of articular cartilage (AC) from OA-induced group showed disorganization of chondrocytes, loss of zonation, pyknotic nuclei, empty lacunae and absent tidemark. There was a significant decrease in AC thickness, chondrocytes count, optical density of collagen and proteoglycan content, area percent of collagen II in the matrix in OA group compared to control and sham groups. These degenerative histomorphological alterations were associated with significant increase in serum IL-6 and decrease in ACAN gene expression. Radiographs showed narrowing of joint space and subchondral sclerosis. Intraarticular injection of PRP, BMSCs and PRP+BMSCs improved the previously mentioned alterations. Concomitant administration of PRP+BMSCs showed better effect than using PRP and BMSCs alone. In conclusion, PRP potentiated the effects of BMSCs on the repair of MIA-induced AC damage in rats. Injection of combination of PRP with BMSCs could be considered as a promising therapy for OA in patients.
Eğitsel Süreçlerde Mesleki Yeterlik ve Yeterlik Elementlerinin Entegrasyonu
Authors: Zebaloğlu Emre
Published: February 2024

The most important of the methods used in training and development is to shape the knowledge, skills and competencies of the employees of the organization. Education is essentially the internalization of knowledge, while skills and attitude/behavior are related to each other and successive roles. The development is that this trio quickly becomes an observable action in practice as competence. In modern business discourses, the concept of skill has turned into the concept of competence. Competence is a difference in performance that distinguishes effective managers from ineffective managers in a particular organization. since the 1970s, competencies have been the main starting point for evaluating personnel performance in human resources management; competence has been defined as the successful fulfillment of critical tasks and tasks, the potential to apply and use the knowledge, skills and behaviors necessary for a specific role or position. According to a different view, competencies are an output of continuous learning adaptation, the creation of new skills and the sustainability of achievements. Education is an activity of acquiring or producing competencies that are potentially produced in the process of professional development of a person. Since the earliest historical times, the integration of learning activities of knowledge, skills and procedures, the practice, rules and impact of education have been part of the sustainability of society. In social/cultural theories, the knowledge and skills of individuals are seen as inseparable from the social world in which they think and act. Knowledge and skills are the elements that make up competence. When attitude/behavior is developed after knowledge and skills are acquired, declarative and procedural knowledge turns into implicit knowledge, and functional competence emerges, and this triple integration process is completed, the entire process turns into professional competence. The professional competencies that they must acquire by completing the knowledge-skill-attitude integration process have been defined as basic and professional (professional) competencies as a functional competence. Key Words: Educational Processes, Professional Competence, Integration of Competence Elements
Some Physical Properties of Germinated Brown Rice
Authors: Swati Bhauso Patil  , Md. Khalid Khan  , Santosh Rangrao Yadav
Published: February 2024

Germinated brown rice (GBR) has been recognized as a functional food for its numerous health benefits. Various physical properties of brown rice (BR), white rice (WR) (6 % polishing), wet GBR (32 % moisture content, w.b) and dried GBR (10 % moisture content, w.b) of two local varieties viz. Swarna and Lalat were determined and compared. Physical dimensions, sphericity, true and bulk density, porosity, thousand grain weight, etc. were determined by standard methods. Axial dimensions of the grains, grain volume, grain surface area, thousand grain weight, and true density of both varieties increased after germination of BR. Grain length, width and thickness did not show significant differences between Swarna and Lalat cultivars. Bulk density of wet GBR and dried GBR for both varieties was less than that of BR and WR.
Shape effects of gold nanoparticles on squeezing nanofluid flow and heat transfer between parallel plates
Authors: Umar Aneela , Naveed Ahmed
Published: February 2024

The current paper examines how the form of gold (Au) nanostructures affects the compression of nanofluids and heat transmission across parallel surfaces. Water has been used as the porous medium to explore the various morphologies of nanomaterials, including columns, spheres, hexahedron, tetrahedron, and lamina. In order to create (ODEs), proper modifications must be applied to (PDEs). To solve nonlinear boundaries value regular differential equations statistically, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) guarantees converging of the numerical integration. On temperature and velocity profiles the impacts of several variables, including a solid volume fraction, thermal radiation, Reynolds number, magnetic field, Eckert number, sucking component, and slope angle, are represented graphically. The Nusselt is studied graphically for different values of the relevant factors. The obtained data show that, in comparison to other shapes of nanoparticles, lamina-shaped nanoparticles have the highest rate of heat transport and that sphere-shaped nanoparticles have played a significant role in thermal dispersion.
Convection in a triangular enclosure with a left wall heated either uniformly or non-uniformly, using a water-CuNanofluid and in the presence of a magnetic field
Authors: Muhammad Umair  , Mehmood Aamir , Noman Muhammad , Aslam Aqsa
Published: February 2024

An incompressible steady nanofluid flow through an isosceles triangular the tube in the presence of a magnetic field is the subject of a numerical investigation for heat transfer in this publication. Pressure is removed from the governing equations using the penalty approach. Equations that were produced and solved using the Galerkin weighted residual method. For this flow issue, we assumed that the cavity's left wall would be heated uniformly or unevenly while the cavity's right and bottom walls would remain cool.

Results are calculated for a variety of factors, such as the Hartman number Ha (), Rayleigh number Ra (), and Heat generation/absorption coefficient q () while, Prandtle number  and Solid volume fraction   are held constant at 6.2 and 0.03, respectively.

Figures are used to present these computed results in terms of Nusselt numbers, stream functions and isotherms. It has been observed that, for uniform heating, the strength of stream line circulations increases with an increase in the Rayleigh number , while the strength of stream line circulations decreases with an increase in the Hartman number. Where increasing heat absorption coefficient q, increases circulation strength and circulation cell moves to left wall in presence of heat sink and moves to cold right wall in presence of heat source .

When a heat source  is present in the cavity and a non-uniformly heated left wall is present, a higher temperature gradient is seen in the cavity. Isotherms are clustered to the left wall in the lower portion of the cavity and to the right wall in the upper portion, while isotherms near the bottom wall appear to be straight and parallel to the -axis.

However, the nusselt number along the bottom wall Nu-B rises with the increasing values of x, while Nu-L along the left wall first increases and then decreases, and Nu-R along the right wall decreases first and then increases with distance. On the other hand, the heat transfer rate is observed to be higher for smaller values of  along all the walls of the cavity.
Minak Pengalun Karo: An Ecolinguistic Study
Authors: Zai Insani A , Sinaga Warisman , Sinulingga Jekmen
Published: February 2024

This research discusses "Minak Pengalun Karo: An Ecolinguistic Study", reviews the oil that has been used for generations in traditional medicine by the Karo people. This study aims to explain the ecolinguistic aspects of Karo's Minak Pengalun, including a description of its flora lexicon, ecology, benefits, ingredients, and usage techniques. The theoretical framework applied in this study is the theory of ecolinguistics developed by Aron Meko Mbete. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results revealed 31 lexicons in total, divided into 29 flora lexicons, one fauna lexicon, and one non-flora-fauna lexicon. Furthermore, this explanation is divided into 30 biotic lexicons and one abiotic lexicon. This research also explains the ecolinguistic aspects of the components used in making Minak Pengalun Karo, including the benefits of each component that are closely related to the lives of the Karo people, as well as the habitat and ecology of each of these ingredients. The theory of ecolinguistics, as outlined by Aron Meko Mbete, explains the interaction between ecology, language, and the role of humans in the context of Karo Minak Pengalun as part of traditional medicinal practices.

Keywords: ecolinguistics, lexicon, minak pengalun karo
Legal Protection Analysis for Doctors and Patients Regarding Alleged Diagnosis Errors in Telemedicine Healthcare Services in Indonesia
Authors: Harahap Rachmah Ubat , Nurhayati Siti , Fitrianto Bambang
Published: February 2024

One of the advancements in the field of healthcare aimed at improving the quality of healthcare services is telemedicine. With numerous cases in healthcare services, such as diagnostic errors, there is a need for legal protection for both doctors and patients as legal subjects in telemedicine healthcare services. The aim of this research is to understand the juridical overview of telemedicine healthcare services and the legal protection for doctors and patients. The research method used in this study is normative juridical research type and the statute approach (legislation) and legal sources used are primary legal materials in the form of legislation related to Health and secondary and tertiary legal materials in the form of journals, books, and other media. The results of this research indicate that patients affected by diagnostic errors can file complaints to the Indonesian Medical Disciplinary Board or seek compensation through non-litigation processes. Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health does not explicitly regulate legal protection for doctors and patients in telemedicine services. Article 172 only stipulates the administration and qualified medical personnel in telemedicine services. Government regulations are expected to further regulate this matter as implementing regulations. In cases of diagnostic errors that harm patients, resolution is usually done outside the courts through non-litigation alternatives. Patients can file complaints to the Indonesian Medical Disciplinary Board. Furthermore, patients can also settle losses according to the Health Law, both through non-litigation and litigation means.

Keywords: Legal Protection, Doctors, Patients, Telemedicine
Prevalence of External Root Resorption in Second Molar Associated with Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: A Radiographic Study
Authors: Etira Aziza E.S. , Benamar Manal Shoukree
Published: February 2024

Background: Mandibular third molars are the most frequently encountered impacted teeth in dental surgery cases. Impactions could be caused by differences in crown size, later development of roots, reduced skeletal growth and lack of space. If untreated, an impacted tooth can lead to a number of problems, including external root resorption, which is frequently observed in mandibular second molars. The current study was designed to investigate the prevalence of root resorption of mandibular second molar caused by impacted mandibular third molar.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational study using panoramic radiographs obtained from December 2019 to February 2022 from of patients who visited the Dental Clinic of the University of Benghazi. All radiographs were assessed about presence, location and severity of external root resorption of second molar. Positions of the impacted third molars were classified using two classification systems Pell, Gregory's and Winter classification. Data were tabulated and analyzed using Chi Square test; P value was set at 0.05.
RESULTS: Panoramic radiographs of 434 patients were examined that consisted of 244 (56.2%) female and 190 (43.7%) male. The prevalence of external root resorption of second molar was 213(49%). The severity of resorption was categorized as slight (70.4%), moderate (17.8%), and severe (11.7%), most of them was located at cervical third. External root resorption was proportionally higher in the impacted teeth with class B (50.2%) and mesio-angular positions (62.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of external root resorption of mandibular second molars caused by Impacted third molars was high in this study especially in males. Mandibular third molars with a greater potential to cause the adjacent second molar's external root resorption were those in class B position according to Pell and Gregory classification and in mesioangular position regarding Winter classification.

Keywords: Panoramic, Radiograph, Root resorption, second molar, third molar, Impacted.
A Study on the Factors Influencing the Participation in Health Insurance of Coastal Residents in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Tuan Minh , Nguyen Nga Thi
Published: February 2024

According to statistical data, the participation rate in health insurance among residents in coastal areas of Thanh Hoa province is currently around 87.5%. While this is a relatively high participation rate, it is lower than the national average. Therefore, it is crucial to study the factors that influence the participation of coastal residents in order to improve the coverage of health insurance for them.
To encourage participation in health insurance, it is important to clarify the role of health insurance in people's lives, improve the quality of health insurance services, and reduce administrative procedures. These factors contribute to stimulating the participation of coastal residents. One of the reasons why people have not decided to spend their own money to purchase health insurance is the lack of trust in the quality of health insurance services. In other words, the attractiveness of health insurance policies and the implementation of these policies are important factors that influence people's participation in health insurance.
Identifying the factors that influence the participation in health insurance of coastal residents in Thanh Hoa is not only the basis for assessing the level of participation but also essential for proposing specific solutions to enhance their participation.

Keywords: Health insurance, health, social insurance, Medical Management, Vietnam.
Analysis of Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Abilities of High School Students Using Essay Tests on Chemical Solution Topic
Authors: Fitria Nurul Aulia Naila , Sumarti Sri Susilogati , Kurniawan Cepi
Published: February 2024

Critical thinking and problem solving skills are very important for an individual to have in the current era. Strong critical thinking and problem solving skills can play a role in facing competition and challenges at the global level. The importance of critical thinking and problem solving skills means that an analysis of these ability profiles is needed. One of the chemical materials that is closely related to problems in everyday life and requires high-level thinking skills is solution chemistry. The aim of this research is to analyze the critical thinking and problem solving abilities of high school students in solution chemistry material. This research was conducted at three high school schools in Kudus involving 80 students. The instruments used are 10 essay tests for each of critical thinking and problem solving skills as well as interviews. The results of the analysis of critical thinking and problem solving skills in the three schools are on average in the poor category. It is hoped that this research can provide an overview for schools regarding the profile of students' critical thinking and problem solving abilities which can later be used as evaluation material for schools.

Keywords: critical thinking ability, problem solving ability, chemical solution topic
Learning Model Based on Local Wisdom 'Belalik' and Its Effectiveness in Improving Students' Learning Outcomes
Authors: . Achmadi , Basri Muhammad
Published: February 2024

The diversity of traditions that exist in a society in Indonesia such as those found in the Sambas Malay community makes it possible to be utilized and developed into a learning model that has a positive impact on students. One of the traditions that illustrates the planting of local wisdom values such as cooperation is the belalik tradition. This study aims to look at the effectiveness of applying the back-to-back learning model in social studies economics in junior high schools in the Sambas district. The approach used to achieve the objective of this deviation is a quantitative approach with experimental methods and quasi-experimental forms. The statistical analysis tool used is a different test, namely Wilcoxon. The results of the difference test between student learning outcomes in social studies economics at school before and after learning using the reverse learning model show that the significance of α = 0.00 (0.00 < α), which means that social studies-economic learning using a learning-based model the belalik tradition is effective for increasing student learning outcomes.

Keywords: learning models, social studies-economics, belalik. local wisdom.
Ecological Intelligence Marketing: Harnessing Advanced Analytics for Environmentally Responsible Marketing
Authors: Ernestivita Gesty , Najmudin Mohamad , Laras Titi
Published: February 2024

In an era marked by increasing environmental awareness and concern, businesses are under mounting pressure to adopt sustainable practices across all facets of their operations, including marketing. This research explores the concept of Ecological Intelligence Marketing (EIM) as a strategic approach to integrating advanced analytics with environmentally responsible marketing practices. EIM aims to empower businesses to make informed decisions that not only drive profitability but also minimize negative environmental impact. This study delves into the theoretical underpinnings of EIM, drawing from literature on sustainability, marketing analytics, and corporate social responsibility. It elucidates the key components of EIM, including the utilization of big data analytics, machine learning algorithms, and predictive modelling techniques to optimize marketing strategies while simultaneously reducing ecological footprint. Moreover, the research investigates the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing EIM within various organizational contexts. Through empirical analysis and case studies, this research demonstrates the practical application of EIM in real-world scenarios across different industries. It showcases how companies can leverage advanced analytics to develop eco-friendly products, target environmentally conscious consumers, and enhance brand reputation. Additionally, the study explores the role of consumer behaviour and perception in shaping the effectiveness of EIM initiatives. Furthermore, the research examines the implications of EIM for stakeholders, including businesses, consumers, and society at large. It discusses the ethical considerations inherent in environmentally responsible marketing and offers recommendations for fostering transparency, accountability, and trust. In conclusion, this research contributes to the burgeoning field of sustainable marketing by proposing Ecological Intelligence Marketing as a viable strategy for navigating the intersection of business profitability and environmental stewardship. By harnessing advanced analytics, businesses can not only drive competitive advantage but also contribute positively to the preservation of our planet's ecological health.

Keywords: Ecological Intelligence Marketing, Responsible Marketing
Xác nhận phương pháp xét nghiệm sàng lọc 6 bệnh rối loạn dự trữ thể tiêu bào trên hệ thống QSight 210MD của Perkin Elmer
Authors: Uyên Vũ Thị Tú , Mai Trần Thị Chi , Huệ Nguyễn Thị
Published: February 2024

Xác nhận phương pháp là việc làm bắt buộc để đưa ra một kết quả xét nghiệm đáng tin cậy. Đề tài được tiến hành với mục tiêu xác nhận quy trình kỹ thuật sàng lọc 6 bệnh rối loạn dự trữ thể tiêu bào bằng phương pháp đo hoạt độ 6 enzym trong giọt máu thấm khô trên hệ thống QSight 210MD của Perkin Elmer. Nghiên cứu sử dụng vật liệu nội kiểm và kít NeoLSDTM MSMS của hãng Perkin Elmer để tiến hành thực nghiệm đánh giá độ chụm và độ đúng, tiêu chuẩn chấp nhận áp dụng theo hướng dẫn EP15A3 của CLSI. Kết quả: Độ đúng, độ chụm của xét nghiệm đều nhỏ hơn công bố của nhà sản xuất, giá trị trung bình quan sát nằm trong khoảng xác nhận. Độ chụm và độ đúng của xét nghiệm đo hoạt độ 6 enzym trong điều kiện Khoa Hóa sinh, Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương được xác nhận phù hợp theo công bố của nhà sản xuất, xét nghiệm đảm bảo độ tin cậy, có thể sử dụng cung cấp dịch vụ sàng lọc sơ sinh.
Tỉ lệ tử vong của nhồi máu não cấp do tắc động mạch thân nền không tái tưới máu và các yếu tố tiên lượng
Authors: Tôn Mai Duy , Phương Đào Việt
Published: February 2024

Nhồi máu não cấp do tắc động mạch thân nền có nguy cơ tàn phế và tử vong cao nhất trong các trường hợp nhồi máu cấp do tắc mạch lớn, đặc biệt ở những bệnh nhân không điều trị tái tưới máu. Tuy nhiên, tỉ lệ tử vong của nhóm bệnh nhân này tại Việt Nam chưa được nghiên cứu nhiều. Vì vậy, chúng tôi thực hiện nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên 90 bệnh nhân nhồi máu não do tắc động mạch thân nền không điều trị tái tưới máu tại trung tâm Đột quỵ - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 12/2021 đến tháng 06/2023 nhằm xác định tỉ lệ tử vong và các yếu tố liên quan ở nhóm bệnh nhân này. Đặc điểm mẫu gồm 54 nam (60%), tuổi trung bình 71 ± 11,9, điểm NIHSS ban đầu là 27 (IQR, 12-30). Kết cục tử vong trong nghiên cứu của chúng tôi là 71,1%. Chúng tôi thực hiện phân tích hồi quy logistic đơn biến và đa biến cho thấy điểm NIHSS ≥ 14 (OR hiệu chỉnh 5,9; 95% KTC: 1,84 - 19,37) và nhồi máu cầu não (OR hiệu chỉnh 5,1; 95% KTC: 1,22 - 21,73) là những yếu tố tiên lượng độc lập đến kết cục tử vong của bệnh nhân.
Mối liên quan giữa giai đoạn bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường và một số yếu tố nguy cơ
Authors: Linh Phạm Diệu , Hà Hoàng Thị Thu , Lan Anh Nguyễn Thị
Published: February 2024

Bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường (VMĐTĐ) là một trong những biến chứng hay gặp của bệnh đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ), cũng là nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây mù lòa ở những người trong độ tuổi lao động. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá mối liên quan giữa giai đoạn bệnh VMĐTĐ cần chuyển chuyên khoa mắt trên ảnh chụp màu đáy mắt và một số yếu tố nguy cơ của bệnh ĐTĐ. Phương pháp nghiên cứu là mô tả cắt ngang trên 592 ảnh chụp màu đáy mắt của 296 mắt đã được chẩn đoán ĐTĐ típ 1 hoặc típ 2 tại Bệnh viện E từ tháng 7/2022 đến tháng 7/2023. Kết quả trong tổng số 296 mắt nghiên cứu, có 4 mắt không phân loại được giai đoạn bệnh VMĐTĐ (1,4%), tỷ lệ bệnh VMĐTĐ là 41,2%, tỷ lệ bệnh VMĐTĐ cần chuyển chuyên khoa mắt là 30,4%. Các yếu tố nguy cơ có mối liên quan với giai đoạn bệnh VMĐTĐ cần chuyển chuyên khoa mắt là thời gian phát hiện ĐTĐ trên 10 năm (p < 0,001), chỉ số glucose máu hiện tại > 10 mmol/L (p = 0,02), có bệnh tăng huyết áp (p = 0,004), có rối loạn mỡ máu (p = 0,004).
Tác dụng hạ huyết áp và chống oxy hóa của Nano Rutin trên mô hình tăng huyết áp do N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) trên chuột cống trắng
Authors: Hạnh Nguyễn Hồng , Ngân Nguyễn Hoàng , Tú Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: February 2024

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành để đánh giá tác dụng hạ huyết áp và chống oxy hóa của Nano Rutin trên mô hình tăng huyết áp do L-NAME (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester) trên chuột cống trắng. Chuột cống trắng chủng Wistar được chia thành 5 lô, mỗi lô 12 con. Lô 1 chuột không gây tăng huyết áp. Với 4 lô còn lại chuột được gây tăng huyết áp bằng cách cho uống L-NAME (0,5% w/v trong nước cất) với liều 50 mg/kg/ngày trong 4 tuần liên tục. Trong đó, lô 2 chuột uống nước cất; lô 3 chuột được uống losartan 25 mg/kg/ngày; lô 4 chuột được uống Nano Rutin liều 280 mg/kg/ngày; lô 5 chuột được uống Nano Rutin liều 560 mg/kg/ngày. Thời gian uống thuốc thử là 4 tuần. Chuột được đo huyết áp tâm thu, huyết áp tâm trương và nhịp tim tại thời điểm trước dùng thuốc, và sau dùng thuốc 1 tuần, 2 tuần, 3 tuần và 4 tuần. Nồng độ NO và các chỉ số đánh giá khả năng chống oxy hoá (SOD, GSH, MDA) trong huyết tương được đo tại thời điểm trước và sau 4 tuần. Kết quả cho thấy, Nano Rutin liều 280 mg/kg và 560 mg/kg có tác dụng ngăn ngừa chứng tăng huyết áp do L-NAME gây ra ở chuột cống trắng và không ảnh hưởng đến nhịp tim của chuột. Ngoài ra, Nano Rutin làm tăng NO, SOD, GSH và giảm MDA trong huyết tương của chuột.
Yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hội chứng sau nút mạch điều trị ung thư gan bằng lipiodol
Authors: Khuyên Phạm Hữu , Doãn Hoàng Đình , Huề Nguyễn Duy , Dũng Lê Thanh , Hoài Ngô Vĩnh
Published: February 2024

Nút mạch điều trị ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan bằng lipiodol là phương pháp điều trị được áp dụng phổ biến hiện nay với tỷ lệ biến chứng nặng thấp. Hội chứng sau nút mạch là tác dụng không mong muốn hay gặp và thường là nguyên nhân gây kéo dài thời gian điều trị của bệnh nhân. Nghiên cứu tiến cứu mô tả thực hiện đánh giá trên 663 ca can thiệp tại Bệnh viện Việt Đức từ tháng 08/2022 đến tháng 07/2023. Kết quả cho thấy: tiền sử xuất hiện hội chứng sau nút mạch ở các lần điều trị trước, và các yếu tố liên quan trong quá trình can thiệp bao gồm: số lượng u, các nhánh mạch cấp máu cho u, kích thước u, mức độ chọn lọc tổn thương và liều lượng lipiodol sử dụng là các yếu tố có ảnh hưởng đến hội chứng sau nút mạch của bệnh nhân.
Tác nhân vi sinh gây tiêu chảy cấp ở trẻ em tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Vĩnh Long
Authors: Khải Trần Quang , Loan Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Công Trần Chí
Published: February 2024

Tiêu chảy cấp tính là một trong những nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây bệnh tật và tử vong ở trẻ em trên toàn cầu. Xác định tác nhân vi sinh gây bệnh giúp định hướng điều trị, tránh lạm dụng kháng sinh. Qua phân tích 44 trẻ mắc tiêu chảy cấp tại khoa Nhi Bệnh viện Đa khoa Vĩnh Long ghi nhận, hầu hết trẻ tiêu chảy cấp có độ tuổi dưới 24 tháng (86,4%); tỷ lệ nam/nữ là 1,75/1; đa số trẻ nhập viện trong tình trạng không mất nước (95,4%); triệu chứng lâm sàng đi kèm thường gặp nhất là nôn (88,6%), tiêp theo là sốt (79,5%). Real-time PCR mẫu phết trực tràng ở những trẻ này ghi nhận nhiễm virus chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (43,2%); Rotavirus group A là tác nhân hàng đầu (47,7%), kế đến là Escherichia coli (27,3%), Campylobacter coli (11,4%). Do đó, không nên sử dụng kháng sinh thường qui trong điều trị tiêu chảy cấp và chủng ngừa Rotavirus là điều hết sức quan trọng.