bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different Scenarios of Asymptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Orthopedic Trauma Patients: Case Series and Practical Guide
Authors: Shafiei Seyyed Hossein , Baghbani Salar , Rezaei Nosrati Mohsen , Siavashi Babak , Golbakhsh Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2020

Background: During the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran, dedicated a majority of its facilities and workforce to fight this crisis. Meanwhile, our academic trauma center continued to admit emergency trauma patients.
Case Report: In this case series, we tried to discuss five previously healthy trauma patients who underwent orthopedic surgery and were diagnosed with COVID-19 later. Also, we described our detailed protocol for the management of orthopedic patients during the pandemic.
Conclusion: During COVID-19 time, we continued to provide our best service to the trauma patients while keeping our personnel as far as possible from direct contact with the patients until it was necessary.
Orthopedic Patients with Delayed Presentation during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: Report of 7 Cases
Authors: Sharafatvaziri Arash , Sharafi Mohammad Hasan , Rabie Hamid , Nabian Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak had some adverse effects on the management and treatment of patients with different medical conditions in several ways, and one of the most important and devastating ones is a delay in seeking medical care.
Case Report: During the first months of the outbreak, we had met seven patients with orthopedic problems and significant delays in receiving treatment which completely changed the treatment plan, course of the disease, and outcome.
Conclusion: As the COVID-19 pandemic has adverse effects on the management of orthopedic patients, like other medical conditions, it is necessary to make decisions and to implant some strategies to provide safe and effective care for patients with orthopedic conditions.
Desigualdades, racismos e saúde mental em uma comunidade quilombola rural
Authors: Dimenstein Magda , Belarmino Victor Hugo , Martins Maria Emanuelly , Dantas Candida , Macedo João Paulo Sales , Leite Jáder Ferreira , Alves Filho Antonio
Published: December 2020

Populações quilombolas são historicamente atingidas por amplas desigualdades sociais, que geram vulnerabilidades em vários âmbitos da vida cotidiana, associadas à saúde mental e à produção de sofrimento psíquico. Este artigo objetiva discutir a incidência de transtornos mentais comuns a partir da ótica da Determinação Social da Saúde. Aplicou-se questionário sociodemográfico, o Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), e entrevista semiestruturada em uma comunidade quilombola rural. Observou-se que as experiências de sofrimento psíquico estão relacionadas às iniquidades sociais, à escassez de estratégias de apoio comunitário e de possibilidades de acolhimento e de cuidado culturalmente sensível na rede de atenção psicossocial, além de se apresentar de modo desigual entre homens e mulheres. O racismo institucional se revela em práticas em saúde que perpetuam as desigualdades que atingem as populações negras e do campo. Esses elementos impactam e revelam a intrínseca articulação entre gênero, raça, classe e saúde mental.
Imagens do petroceno: habitabilidade e resistência quilombola nas infraestruturas do petróleo em manguezais do Recôncavo Baiano
Authors: Buti Rafael Palermo
Published: December 2020

Neste ensaio fotoetnográfico, trago imagens e narrativas do petroceno, entendido como a infraestrutura do petróleo nas paisagens de manguezal do Recôncavo Baiano. Tomando como referência o debate sobre o antropoceno, pretendo contar histórias sobre os efeitos da cadeia petroleira nos territórios quilombolas e pesqueiros da região, mostrando formas de precarização, habitabilidade e modos de engajamento dos quilombolas e pescadores artesanais. A intenção é contribuir para o debate público sobre os efeitos da contaminação da cadeia de exploração de petróleo nas áreas de manguezal, fomentando os direitos de reparação dos pescadores artesanais e a recuperação dos seus ambientes de vida, bem como a inclusão de suas perspectivas nas políticas de conservação e recuperação deste ecossistema.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO DE RELAÇÕES ARBITRÁRIAS ENTRE ESTÍMULOS VISUAIS EM CÃES, ABELHAS E MACACOS-PREGO
Authors: Zaine Isabela , Domeniconi Camila , Moreno Antonio Maurício , Brino Ana Leda De Faria
Published: December 2020

Determinar as condições em que um organismo aprende discriminações condicionais arbitrárias é um problema relevante aos psicólogos que trabalham com aprendizagem, uma vez que esse comportamento parece ser pré-requisito de uma infinidade de repertórios relacionais complexos. O presente trabalho descreve estudos de laboratórios integrados que aplicaram algumas estratégias alternativas de ensino de discriminações condicionais arbitrárias entre estímulos visuais com cães domésticos, abelhas e macacos-prego. As estratégias usadas foram: 1) Treino prévio de discriminações simples e reversões; 2) Escolha forçada; 3) Treino blocado; 4) Uso de distratores e inserção atrasada dos estímulos de comparação negativos; 5) Manipulação do posicionamento dos estímulos de comparação; 6) Modelagem de controle de estímulos; e 7) Alternância de contexto de exclusão e tentativa e erro. As características e justificativas para o uso de cada estratégia e seus efeitos sobre o responder de organismos dessas diferentes espécies são apresentados. De um modo geral, os procedimentos aplicados não foram suficientes para produzir repertório relacional arbitrário em cães e em abelhas, gerando desempenhos ao nível do acaso. Para os macacos, uma dentre duas estratégias foi suficiente, mas um treino muito extenso foi necessário para gerar o repertório.Palavras-chave: estratégias de ensino, discriminações condicionais arbitrárias, cães, abelhas, macacos-prego.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO PNE E SUA CONSIDERAÇÃO PELOS ENTES ESTATAIS
Authors: IBAÑEZ César Augusto
Published: December 2020

O artigo teve como propósito evidenciar a relevância do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), assim como identificar a consideração dada pelo poder público para o referido Plano. Desta forma, o problema de nosso trabalho girou em torno de como destacar a relevância do PNE e identificar a postura dos entes estatais para com ele. Fundamentalmente, este artigo foi fruto de uma pesquisa documental, que no intuito de enriquecer o debate acerca da importância do PNE, buscou refletir acerca das metas e estratégias desse Plano à luz das quatro dimensões do direito à educação: disponibilidade, acessibilidade, aceitabilidade e adaptabilidade. Na intenção de verificar a postura dos entes estatais para com o Plano, nessa pesquisa documental, confrontou-se suas metas e estratégias com os índices de cumprimento das metas e objetivos constantes no site do INEP. Concluiu-se destacando o que foi possível inferir acerca das informações fornecidas pelos documentos e pelas análises realizadas. Palavras-chave: Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE). Comitê sobre Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais (CDESC). Direito à educação.
¿Delito o desgracia? Juan de Hevia Bolaños y la calificación de la quiebra
Authors: Landi Andrea
Published: December 2020

El ensayo examina la figura de la quiebra en la reflexión de Hevia Bolaños, autor de referencia en materia de difusión en el Nuevo Mundo del ius mercatorum elaborado en Europa. De este análisis se deriva un estudio de la experiencia del derecho común, donde hay una valoración profundamente antijurídica de la quiebra, lo que ha dado lugar en la edad moderna a individualizar varias tipologías de deudores quebrados (y por tanto de quiebras), admitiendo así también la quiebra inculpable. De esta diversificación Hevia es un testigo puntual, cuyas reflexiones se retoman, más o menos de manera consciente, también de las legislaciones comerciales españolas y, especialmente, de las mexicanas del siglo xix.
Roadmap of shifting to online education during COVID-19
Authors: Asilkan Ozcan , Domnori Elton
Published: December 2020

After the widespread of the corona virus disease 2019 corona virus pandemic, most educational institutions stopped conventional in-class teaching all over the world. The Metropolitan University of Tirana (UMT) in Albania took a rapid decision for shifting to online education by estimating that the pandemic might continue longer than expected, which could create difficulties to gain the time lost. Considering these circumstances, UMT immediately formed a specialised team to prepare the roadmap for starting online education. This team evaluated the existing online platforms and prepared a guideline to be followed for a smooth shift. As a consequence, the university shifted to online education with more than 80% of the students’ attendance from the earliest days. This study presents the road map that was developed rapidly and applied effectively for a quick but smooth shift to online education.

 

Keywords: Education, shift to online education, coronavirus, COVID-19, pandemic, Albania.
The THE VARIETIES OF INTERTEXTUALITY IN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ROLEPLAYING VIDEOGAMES
Authors: Vitalievna Bogdanova Kseniia
Published: December 2020

This paper aims at demonstrating various forms of intertextuality as exemplified by selective excerption of samples from a corpus of narrative and user-interface elements of roleplaying videogames, or RPGs. We review several types of excerpts, by applying through various scientific methods (description, comparison, qualitative and quantitative analysis, induction). These include: the virtual “books” that facilitate the immersion into the RPG world, while adhering to the stylistic requirements of the respective real-world genres; unique fantasy idioms in dialog lines spoken by RPG characters, with references to English phraseology; and finally, the titles of missions that the player needs to, which are often based on allusions to English proverbs or classical literature.
BIOGRAPHICAL AND SPATIOTEMPORAL PROTOTYPES: “HOMAGE TO SWITZERLAND” AS AN INTERSECTION OF HEMINGWAY’S LIFE AND EINSTEINIAN RELATIVITY
Authors: Macura Sergej
Published: December 2020

The paper approaches Ernest Hemingway’s short story “Homage to Switzerland” from two perspectives: biographical and relativistic, as the author inscribed some of his own experiences into this work of fiction, and he was also acquainted with Albert Einstein’s fundamental ideas of time and space being relative depending on the experimenter’s position. The first part discusses the biographical basis of the story and some possible intersecting points between the empirical author and his characters, as one is a degrading misogynist, the other is going through a divorce, and the third man’s father shot himself. The second part focuses on the tripartite construction of the text, whose settings are three interchangeable Swiss towns with conspicuously similar participants in failed conversations. Drawing on Michael Reynolds’s analysis of this story as an experiment in relativity, the paper scrutinises the paradoxical time references which proliferate towards the ending and concludes that there is no dominant time frame. It also includes an experiment based on special relativity, with the train as the main cause of events in the text. Finally, the paper proposes a new starting point in the reading of this story: the third section is the only one that opens in Stanzel’s authorial, not figural narrative situation.
SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OF ENGLISH ANY- AND SLOVENE RANDOMNESS INDEFINITES
Authors: Gregorčič Kristina
Published: December 2020

The present paper discusses semantic and pragmatic features of English any-indefinites, and Slovene bare and koli-indefinites. In the Slovene linguistic literature, both bare and koli-indefinites have been known as randomness pronouns. However, examples from the Slovene reference corpus Gigafida 2.0 show that these indefinites are not always interchangeable, as their mutual name might suggest. Koli-indefinites strongly resemble any-indefinites, which are negative polarity items: they seek downward entailing environments in which they can but need not be stressed, depending on whether their inherent even-operator is highlighted or not. What is more, both any- and koli-indefinites necessarily acquire stress and generate free-choice inferences in non-downward entailing modal contexts. Slovene bare indefinites, on the other hand, share only certain features of unstressed any-indefinites: they behave like existential quantifiers and express the speaker’s ignorance or indifference. Unlike the any-series, the bare series can be used in the scope of non-adversative predicates and cannot trigger negative bias in questions. This might suggest that Slovene bare indefinites do not contain an even-operator. What is more, they are unable to generate free-choice readings, which are typical of any- and koli-indefinites.
Um Novo Paradigma em Investigação em Saúde: Dados FAIR (Localizáveis, Acessíveis, Interoperáveis, Reutilizáveis)
Authors: Almada Marta , Midão Luis , Portela Diana , Dias Ines , Núñez-Benjumea Francisco J. , Parra-Calderón Carlos L. , Costa Elísio
Published: December 2020

Vivemos uma nova era digital que está a transformar a saúde, os modelos de cuidados e serviços de saúde, e o próprio papel da sociedade nesta realidade. Atualmente dispomos de uma grande quantidade de dados de saúde armazenados, incluindo dados clínicos, biométricos e de investigação científica, cuja potencialidade não está a ser devidamente explorada. É essencial favorecer a partilha e reutilização destes dados não só na investigação, como também para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para melhorar a eficiência dos cuidados de saúde, de produtos ou serviços de saúde digitais, promover uma medicina preventiva e individualizada, mas também o empoderamento da população em literacia em saúde e na gestão da doença. Recentemente, surgiu o conceito FAIR que implica que os dados de saúde sejam facilmente localizáveis, acessíveis, partilhados e reutilizáveis, facilitando desta forma a interoperacionalidade entre sistemas e assegurando a proteção de dados pessoais e sensíveis. Neste artigo é feita uma revisão do conceito FAIR, processo de ‘FAIRificação’, dados FAIR versus dados de acesso livre, questões de éticas e o regulamento geral de proteção de dados, e saúde digital e ciência cidadã.
Pesquisa de SARS-CoV-2 em Cadáveres: Experiência da Delegação do Sul do Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses
Authors: Logrado Diana , Inácio Ana Rita , Amorim António , Dos Santos Carlos , Cunha Eugénia
Published: December 2020

N/a.
Sodium Sulfate (Na2SO4) Detection Using Graphene Coated Microfiber
Authors: Yasin M , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto , Anngita D , Fanany I A
Published: December 2020

We investigate the coating of graphene onto the silica microfiber sensor for sodium sulfate measurement at room temperature. The graphene obtained from graphene-polylactic acid filament was coated onto the microfiber based on drop casting methods. In this work, the graphene acts as cladding to interact with analyte as well as functions to trap either sodium cation or sulfate anion and increases the effective refractive index of the cladding. The sensor has  a good sensitivity of 0.82 dBm/% and resolution of 1.16 %. The sensitivity and resolution of the sensor were increased by the coating of graphene layer.
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC STUDY OF COBALT ALLOY PREPARED BY POWDER METALLURGY METHOD
Authors: Aminatun Aminatun , Ady Jan , KD Mega Farynda
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted to determine the effect of compaction pressure and sintering temperature variations on the properties of physical, mechanical, and micro cobalt alloy. Manufacture of the cobalt alloy with compositions 63,75%, chromium 30%, molybdenum 5%, manganese 0,5%, silicon 0,5%, and 0,25% nitrogen using powder metallurgy method. Variations of compaction pressure were 339,70 MPa, 396,31 MPa, dan 452,93 MPa, and sintered at temperature 12000C and 130 0C for 2 hours of holding time. Density was increased along with the increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature (3,9-6,6 g/cm). The hardness was also increased along with the increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature  205,1-316,2 VHN. XRD results showed that γ phase with fcc structure was formed at the temperature of 12000C and 13000C for all variations of pressure. SEM-EDX results showed that the oxygen content decreased along with increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature. Based on ASTM F75 hardness standard, the sample with compaction pressure 452,93 MPa and sintered at 13000C was the best cobalt alloy with a hardness value of 316.2 VHN.
WELL-BEING AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT ON STUDENTS IN CITY OF YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Mubarok Fuad , Pierewan Adi Cilik
Published: December 2020

Several studies have suggested the importance of well-being as a predictor of adolescents’ academic achievements. The purpose of this study was to prove the existence of a well-being effect on adolescents’ academic achievement. The subjects of this study were adolescents with a vulnerable age between 14 to 15 years old with 385 respondents as a sample. This study used questionnaires to measure the well-being of adolescents. Data on adolescents’ academic achievement were obtained from students’ scores (GPA). The hypothesis compiled in this research was the effect of well-being on adolescents’ academic achievement. This study used a regression analysis to determine the effect of well-being on adolescents’ academic achievement. The reliability of the instrument was analyzed using Cronbach's Alpha. The results of the research found that well-being can be a predictor of adolescents’ academic achievement.
Decellularization of Kidney Tissue: Comparison of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Allotransplantation in Rat
Authors: Keshvari Mohammad Amin , Afshar Alireza , Daneshi Sajad , Khoradmehr Arezoo , Baghban Mandana , Miri Mohammad Reza , Azari Hossein , Behrouzi Pouya , Nabipour Iraj , Mahmudpour Mehdi , Tamadon Amin
Published: December 2020

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) are growing threats worldwide. Tissue engineering is a new hope to surpass the current limitations such as the shortage of donor. To do so, the first step would be fabrication of an intact decellularized kidney scaffold. In the current study, an automatic decellularization device was developed to perfuse and decellularize male rats' kidneys using both sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and to compare their efficacy in kidney decellularization and post-transplantation angiogenesis. After anesthesia, kidneys were perfused with either 1% SDS solution for 4 h or 1% SLES solution for 6 h. The decellularized scaffolds were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Masson’s trichrome, and alcian blue to determine cell removal and glycogen, collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) contents, respectively. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to evaluate the cell removal and preservation of microarchitecture of both SDS and SLES scaffolds. Additionally, DNA quantification assay was applied for all groups in order to measure residual DNA in the scaffolds and normal kidney. In order to demonstrate biocompatibility and bioactivity of the decellularized scaffolds, allotransplantation was performed in back muscle and angiogenesis was evaluated. Complete cell removal in both SLES and SDS groups was observed in SEM and DNA quantification assays. Moreover, the extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture of rat kidney in the SLES group was significantly preservation better than the SDS group was shown. The formation of blood capillaries and vessels were observed in the kidney allotransplantations in both SLES and SDS decellularized kidneys. In conclusion, we demonstrated that both SLES and SDS could be promising tools in kidney tissue engineering. The better preservation of ECM than SDS, introduces SLES as the solvent of choice for kidney decellularization. ¬¬
Prediction of histological grade using preoperative multi-sequence MRI-based radiomics signature in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Tang Xing , Bai Guoyan , Zhu Yuanqiang , Wang Hong , Zhang Jian , Guo Fan , Yin Hong
Published: December 2020

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is treatable when caught early, yet limited non-invasive methods exist for grading NSCLC patients. In the present study, we aimed to examine the diagnostic utility of multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics and clinical features for grading NSCLC. Methods: In this retrospective study, 148 patients with postoperative pathologically-confirmed NSCLC were recruited. Both preoperative T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were performed on a 1.5 T MRI scanner. A total of 2775 radiomics features were extracted from the T2WI, DWI, and the corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and stepwise regression method were used for feature selection using the training cohort (n=110). Next, these features were further evaluated assessed in the two cohorts using a non-linear support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Lastly, a Radscore model was used to develop the radiomics-clinical nomogram.Results: Favorable discrimination performance was obtained for five of the optimal features using both cohorts, as demonstrated by the area under the curves (AUC) of 0.761 and 0.753. In addition, the radiomics-clinical nomogram, which integrated the Radscore with four independent clinical predictors, showed higher discriminative power, with AUCs of 0.814 and 0.767 for the X.T cohort and H.Y cohort, respectively. The nomogram showed excellent predictive performance and potential clinical utility for grading NSCLC.Conclusions: Multi-sequence MRI radiomics features can stratify NSCLC tumor grades noninvasively. The radiomics features can be integrated with the clinical features to improve its predictive performance.
R9AP is a functional receptor for Epstein-Barr virus infection in both epithelial cells and B cells
Authors: Zeng Mu-Sheng , yan li , Zhang Hua , Dong Xiao-Dong , Sun Cong , Kong Xiang-Wei , Dai Dan-Ling , Zhu Qian-Ying , Yuan Li , Li Yu-Chun , Zhong Qian , Gao Song , Tang Ya-Ping , Yang Jin-Ying , McGuire Andrew , Zhao Bo , Zeng Yi-Xin
Published: December 2020

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as the first human tumor virus, is linked to about 200,000 new cancer cases and millions of non-malignant diseases every year. EBV infects both human epithelial cells and B cells. Several virally encoded glycoproteins define tropism and mediate a complicated entry process. Here, we show that in both epithelial cells and B cells, R9AP silencing or genetic knockout significantly inhibits EBV infection, whereas R9AP overexpression promotes EBV infection, establishing R9AP as an essential entry receptor for EBV. Mechanistically, R9AP directly binds to EBV glycoproteins gH/gL to mediate membrane fusion. Importantly, the interaction of R9AP with gH/gL is inhibited by the highly potent, competitive gH/gL neutralizing antibody AMMO1 that blocks EBV infection of both epithelial cells and B cells. Furthermore, a R9AP peptide encompassing the gH/gL binding site inhibits EBV infection in vitro and reduces viral load in EBV infected humanized mice. Altogether, we propose R9AP as the first characterized receptor for EBV infection common to epithelial cells and B cells and a potential target for intervention.
Distribution of Active Faults and Lithospheric Discontinuities in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogenic Zone Identified by Multiscale Gravity Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaolong , Wu Jifeng , Xiang Yang , Sohail Khan Muhammad
Published: December 2020

To reveal the spatial distribution of major active faults and structural discontinuities in the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen, this paper presents wavelet multiscale analysis of the Bouguer gravity field and solves the total horizontal derivatives of each wavelet detail. The results show that, in general, the crustal discontinuities on the Pamir Plateau and in the Himalayan tectonic zone are significant. On the northern margin of Tibet, active faults are mostly visible only in the deep crust. In eastern Tibet, crustal discontinuities decrease as depth increases. The Himalayan crust is undergoing E-W extension, and material discontinuities are significant along N-S-trending normal faults. The Sangri-Nacuo fault is the tectonic boundary between the Himalayan tectonic zone and the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and cuts off the entire lithosphere of Tibet. The spatial structural distributions of the western and eastern Himalayan syntaxes are very different. The former is relatively intact and extends deeper in the lithosphere, while the latter is more complex and shallower than the Mohorovicic discontinuity, and its overlying crust has deformed intensely from the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Further, the structural distribution in the upper mantle reveals that the wedging Indian plate in the western Himalayan syntaxis almost reaches the SW margin of the Tarim basin and forms a closed structure in western Tibet, which could help to explain the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
Pathogens Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Bloodstream Infections at Twenty-Five NICUs in Eastern China, 2016-2019
Authors: Liu Jing , Fang Zengyu , Yu Yonghui , Ding Yanjei , Liu Zhijie , Zhang Chengyuan , He Haiying , Geng Hongli , Chen Weibing , Zhao Guoying , Liu Qiang , Wang Baoying , Sun Xueming , Wang Shaofeng , Sun Rongrong , Fu Delong , Liu Xinjian , Huang Lei , Li Jing , Xing Xuexue , Wang Xiaokang , Gao Yanling , Zhu Renxia , Han Meiying , Peng Fudong , Geng Min , Deng Liping
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo describe pathogens distribution and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of neonatal bloodstream infections (BSIs) at 25 NICUs in eastern China, 2016-2019.Study designWe conducted a multicentre retrospective descriptive analysis of all positive blood cultures collected at 25 NICUs of tertiary hospitals between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019. ResultsFrom 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019, a total of 1092 pathogenic bacteria isolates were met inclusion criteria among 66516 specimens. 349 (32%) isolates were responsible for early-onset sepsis (EOS), 702 (64.2%) hospital-acquired late-onset sepsis (HALOS), and 41(3.8%) community-acquired late-onset sepsis (CALOS). The majority isolates causing EOS (198/349, 56.7%) and HALOS (437/702, 62.2%) were gram-negative bacteria; The most frequent pathogens causing EOS were Escherichia coli (95/349, 27.2) and group B streptococcus (GBS; 51/349, 14.6%). E coli were primarily identified among preterm infants (58/95, 61.1%) with GBS primarily among term infants (43/51, 84.3%). GBS and Staphylococcus aureus were responsible for 46.3% (19/36) and 41.5% (17/36) of episodes of CALOS. Isolates causing HALOS were more often resistant than isolates causing EOS and CALOS. K. pneumoniae (196/702, 27.9%) as the most common isolates responsible for HALOS were more likely to be resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (124/196, 63.3%), gentamicin (41/196, 20.9%) and carbapenem (26/196, 13.3%). Conclusions Escherichia coli, K. pneumonia and GBS were the most common pathogens in EOS, HALOS and CALOS, respectively. High AMR in K. pneumoniae causing HALOS warrants continued study and devise measures to prevent it in low-income and middle-income countries.
Psychological Well-being During the First Wave of COVID-2019 in Italy. The Influence of Personality Traits
Authors: Oasi Osmano , Rossi Chiara , Bonanomi Andrea
Published: December 2020

Background: The Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) had a strong psychological impact on the Italian population. Fear of infection, lock-down, social isolation, loneliness and uncertainty inevitably influenced people’s well-being. The current study represents one of the first Italian researches to provide data on the association between psychological health and personality traits during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: This explorative study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological health and to identify if psychological well-being could be influenced by personality traits. 2103 participants completed an online survey that included the PGWBI, the ITAPI-S and a general questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions were performed using SPSS software.Results: Vulnerability turns out to be a particularly relevant personality trait within the sample. In the regression analyses it influenced negatively PGWBI total score (β=-0.62), anxiety (β=-0.55), depression (β=-0.46), positivity and well-being (β=-0.51), vitality(β=-0.45), general health (β=-0.12) and self-control (β=-0.52). On the contrary, the dynamicity trait influenced positively vitality (β=0.12) and positivity and well-being (β=0.14).Conclusion: The results highlight that in order to prevent the risk of the onset of mental disorders, it is necessary to take care not only of who is already suffering from psychological disorders but also of the non-clinical population. Before the outbreak of the virus, people did not feel so helpless and vulnerable in the face of events thanks to the evolutions in every scientific field. COVID-19 awoke weakness aspects in terms of anxious and depressive states. The results may assist mental healthcare professionals in safeguarding the psychological well-being of the Italian community in the wake of the pandemic.
Effect of Perioperative Coagulation Monitoring by Sonoclot on Short-Term Thrombosis in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Sun Ying , Zhu Min , Liu Feng , Jia Lili , Sheng Mingwei , Thapa Sudeshnna , Yu Wenli
Published: December 2020

Background Sonoclot devices are used to monitor coagulation function in transplant patients. However, the appropriate value of Sonoclot parameters for reducing postoperative thrombosis in pediatric liver transplantation is not clear. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of coagulation monitoring by Sonoclot devices on early postoperative thrombosis after liver transplantation in children. Method The clinical data of 200 children with elective liver transplantation were collected. The effects of coagulation function monitoring by Sonoclot devices 1 h after ischemia-reperfusion on early thrombosis were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to obtain the sensitivity and cutoff value of Sonoclot parameters for the diagnosis of thrombosis. Results A total of 38 (19%) patients had thrombosis complications. 23 cases (11.5%) had postoperative hepatic artery thrombosis and 15 cases (7.5%) had portal vein and hepatic vein thrombosis. Sonoclot coagulation parameters included the following: for the thrombosis group & non-thrombosis group, whole blood activated clotting time (ACT): 178.5 ± 33.2 & 280.4 ± 58.6 (p < 0.05), clotting rate (CR): 12.4 ± 5.4 & 11.5 ± 5.7 (p > 0.05), and platelet function (PF): 3.0±1.4 & 2.6±1.1 (p>0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that ACT was an independent risk factor for postoperative thrombosis. ROC analysis found that the sensitivity of ACT for the diagnosis of postoperative thrombosis was 94.7%, and the ACT cutoff value to predict early postoperative thrombosis was 228.5 s. Conclusion ACT after ischemia-reperfusion was a risk factor for early postoperative thrombosis. It is recommended that ACT be maintained above 228.5 s to reduce postoperative thrombosis.Trial registrationApproval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Tianjin First Center Hospital in China (Approval Number: 2016N0039KY), and written informed consent was obtained from eligible guardians. This study has been registered in clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: ChiCTR1900026125). All processes were ethical.
Correlation Between Early Screening of Metabolic Syndrome and Body Composition
Authors: Chao Guanqun , Zhang Junlu , Chen Liying
Published: December 2020

Objective: To explore and analyze the relationship between adult body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio(WHR), waist height ratio(WHtR), body composition and Metabolic syndrome(MetS), and to determine the optimal critical value of relevant indicators, so as to provide basis for early screening of MetS and help to carry out weight intervention and lifestyle guidance.Method: The subjects were from the adults who had physical examination from March 2018 to June 2019. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis. The differences between groups were compared. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each influencing factor were estimated by multivariate logistic regression model, and the critical values were calculated.Result: According to the analysis of 4766 physical examinees, overweight accounted for 31.2%, obesity accounted for 8.0%. The total prevalence of MetS was 28.6%, in which 37.1% of men and 18.9% of women. 14.11% of patients with normal weight and 2% of patients with light weight had MetS. The prevalence of MetS was related to age, postmenopausal women, BMI and body fat rate. The threshold of BMI was 24.19 kg/m2 for males and 22.59 kg/m2 for females. The critical value of WHR was 0.9 for both men and women. The critical value of WHtR was 0.5 for both men and women; The threshold for body fat was 23.46 per cent for men and 29.97 per cent for women.Conclusion: Body composition is closely related to metabolic level. BMI, WHR, WHR and changes of body composition can be used as reliable indicators for early screening of MetS.
Deuterium-depleted Water Stimulates GLUT4 Translocation in the Presence of Insulin, which Leads to Decreased Blood Glucose Concentration
Authors: Molnár Miklós , Horváth Katalin , Dankó Tamás , Somlyai Ildikó , Kovács Bea Zs , Somlyai Gábor
Published: December 2020

BackgroundDeuterium (D) is a stable isotope of hydrogen (H) with a mass number of 2. It is present in natural waters in the form of HDO, at a concentration of 16.8 mmol/L, equivalent to 150 ppm. In a phase II clinical study, deuterium depletion reduced the fasting glucose concentration and insulin resistance.MethodsIn the study, we tested the effect of subnormal D-concentration on glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Animals were randomly distributed into 9 groups to test the effect of D2O (in a range of 25-150 ppm) on glucose metabolism in diabetic animals with or without 2X1 unit/day insulin treatment. Serum glucose, -fructose amine-, -HbAIC, –insulin, and urine glucose were tested. After the 8-week treatment, membrane associated GLUT-4 from soleus muscle content was estimated by Western blot technique.ResultsOur results indicate, that deuterium depletion in the presence of insulin reduced the serum glucose, -fructose amine, and -HbAIC, level on dose dependent manner. The optimal concentration of deuterium was between 125-140 ppm. After 8-week period of deuterium depletion the highest membrane-associated GLUT-4 content was detected at 125 ppm.ConclusionsThese data suggest that deuterium depletion dose-dependently enhances insulin’s effect on GLUT-4 translocation and potentiates glucose uptake in diabetic rats, which explains the lower serum glucose, -fructose amine, and -HbAIC concentrations. Based on our experimental data, deuterium-depleted water could be used to treat patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) by increasing the insulin sensitivity. The experiment indicates that the naturally occurring deuterium has an impact on metabolic regulation.
AIM2 Nuclear Exit and Inflammasome Activation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Response to Cigarette Smoke 
Authors: Tran Hai B , Hamon Rhys , Jersmann Hubertus , Ween Miranda P , Asare Patrick , Haberberger Rainer , Pant Harshita , Hodge Sandra
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe role inflammasomes play in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. We hypothesised that the AIM2 inflammasome is activated in the airways of COPD patients, and in response to cigarette smoke.Methods Lung tissue, bronchoscopy-derived alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells from COPD patients and healthy donors; lungs from cigarette smoke-exposed mice; and cigarette smoke extract-stimulated alveolar macrophages from healthy controls and HBEC30KT cell line were investigated. AIM2 inflammasome activation was assessed by multi-fluorescence quantitative confocal microscopy of speck foci positive for AIM2, inflammasome component ASC and cleaved IL-1β. Subcellular AIM2 localization was assessed by confocal microscopy, and immunoblot of fractionated cell lysates. Nuclear localization was supported by in-silico analysis of nuclear localization predicted scores of peptide sequences. Nuclear and cytoplasmic AIM2 was demonstrated by immunoblot in both cellular fractions from HBEC30KT cells.Results Increased cytoplasmic AIM2 speck foci, colocalized with cleaved IL-1β, were demonstrated in COPD lungs (n=9) vs. control (n=5), showing significant positive correlations with GOLD stages. AIM2 nuclear-to-cytoplasmic redistribution was demonstrated in bronchiolar epithelium in cigarette-exposed mice and in HBEC30KT cells post 24 hrs stimulation with 5% cigarette smoke extract. Alveolar macrophages from 8 healthy non-smokers responded to cigarette smoke extract with an >8-fold increase (p<0.05) of cytoplasmic AIM2 and >6-fold increase (p<0.01) of colocalized cleaved IL-1β speck foci, which were also localized with ASC.Conclusion The AIM2 inflammasome is activated in the airway of COPD patients, and in response to cigarette smoke exposure, associated with a nuclear to cytoplasmic shift in the distribution of AIM2.
Intraoral Image Generation by Progressive Growing of Generative Adversarial Network and Evaluation of Generated Image Quality by Dentists
Authors: Kokomoto Kazuma , Okawa Rena , Nakano Kazuhiko , Nozaki Kazunori
Published: December 2020

Dentists need experience with plenty of clinical cases to practice specialized skills. However, the need to protect patients’ private information limits the ability to utilize lots of intraoral images obtained from clinical cases. In this study, since generating realistic images could making utilizing lots of intraoral images possible, intraoral images are generated by using a progressive growing of generative adversarial network. 35,254 intraoral images were used as training data with resolutions of 128×128, 256×256, 512×512, and 1,024×1,024. The results of training datasets with and without data augmentation were compared. The sliced Wasserstein distance (SWD) was calculated to evaluate the generated images. Next, 50 real images and 50 generated images for each resolution were randomly selected and shuffled. Twelve pediatric dentists were asked to observe these images and assess whether each was real or generated. The accuracy of the assessment of the 1,024×1,024 images was significantly higher than that of the other resolutions. In conclusion, generated intraoral images with resolutions of 512×512 or lower were so realistic that the dentists could not distinguish whether they were real or generated. This implies that generated images can be used for dental education or data augmentation for deep learning free from privacy restrictions.
Follow-up study on serum cholesterol profiles in recovered COVID-19 patients
Authors: Tan Wenbin , Li Guiling , Du Li , Wei Xiuqi , Cao Xiaoling , Yao Jiang , Lin Yuqi , Nguyen Vi , Wang Hui
Published: December 2020

Background: COVID-19 patients develop hypolipidemia. However, it is unknown whether lipid levels have improved in recovered patients.Objective: In this follow-up study, we evaluated serum lipidemia and other physiopathological laboratory values in recovered patients.Methods: A 3–6 month follow-up study was performed between June 15 and September 3, 2020, to examine serum levels of laboratory values in 107 discharged COVID-19 patients (mild = 59; severe/critical = 48; diagnoses on admission). 61 patients had a revisit chest CT scan. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze changes in laboratory values at admission and follow-up.Results: LDL-c and HDL-c levels were significantly higher at follow-up than at admission in severe/critical cases (p < 0.05). LDL-c levels were significantly higher at follow-up than at admission in mild cases (p < 0.05). With adjustment of the factor of traditional Chinese medicine, LDL-c and HDL-c levels were significantly improved at follow-up than at admission in severe/critical cases (p < 0.05). Coagulation and liver laboratory values were significantly lower at follow-up than at admission for patients (p < 0.05). Increases in HDL-c significantly correlated with increases in numbers of white blood cells (p<0.001) and decreases in levels of C-reactive protein (p < 0.05) during patients’ recovery. Residue lesions were observed in CT images in 69% (42 of 61) of follow-up patients.Conclusions: Improvements of LDL-c, HDL-c and incomplete absorption of lung lesions were observed at 3–6 month follow-up for recovered patients, indicating that a long-term recovery process could be required.
Phase transitions in CaCO3 under hydrous and anhydrous conditions: Implications for the structural transformations of CaCO3 during subduction processes
Authors: Yuan Xueyin , Mayanovic Robert A. , Zhang Guoliang
Published: December 2020

The transport of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) into the Earth’s interior through subduction is one of the key processes in the global cycling of carbon. To develop a better understanding of the CaCO3 structural stability during subduction processes, the phase transitions among CaCO3-I (calcite), CaCO3-II, -III/IIIb, and aragonite under pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions up to 2.5 GPa and 600 °C, in hydrous and anhydrous environments, were investigated using a hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell. One displacive and two reconstructive processes during the phase transitions among CaCO3 polymorphs were confirmed from the results obtained from in situ observations and Raman spectroscopic measurements. Meanwhile, the effect of Ca-substitutional metal cations (e.g., Mg2+) in CaCO3 and the presence of an aqueous fluid on the phase transition processes have been determined. Specifically, the CaCO3-I ↔ -II phase transition is a displacive process, occurring instantly at pressures varying from 1.6 GPa at room temperature to 1.5 GPa at 500 °C with the phase equilibrium boundary having a minimum P-T point at ~1.4 GPa at 300 °C, and is completely reversible upon cooling and decompression. The CaCO3-II → -III phase transition is a reconstructive process, observed at P-T conditions from 2.0 GPa at room temperature to 2.5 GPa at 150 °C, and is accomplished by solid recrystallization starting from CaCO3-II, transitioning through an intermediate CaCO3-IIIb, and ending at the CaCO3-III structure. The phase transition between CaCO3-I or -II and aragonite, which is also a reconstructive process, was found to occur by progressive solid recrystallization under high P-T hydrous and anhydrous conditions, or alternatively, via dissolution-precipitation under low-P-T hydrous conditions, depending on the presence of aqueous fluids and the heating rate of the system. The substitution for Ca2+ by other metal cations (e.g., Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+) in CaCO3 results in a significant increase in the pressures for the displacive and solid recrystallization reconstructive phase transitions, but has no detectable influence on the CaCO3-I/II ↔ aragonite transformation via a dissolution-precipitation process under hydrous conditions. Our results show that the presence of Ca-substitutional metal cations in CaCO3 is a key factor controlling the phase stability of CaCO3 under high P-T conditions, and suggest that aragonite should be the predominant phase in the upper mantle in subduction zones where the heating rate is very low and slab dehydration is prevalent.
A Grüneisen tensor for rutile and its application to host-inclusion systems
Authors: Musiyachenko Kira A. , Murri Mara , Prencipe Mauro , Angel Ross J. , Alvaro Matteo
Published: December 2020

Rutile is often found as inclusions in garnet, quartz, and several other rock-forming minerals, and it is also a common accessory phase in high-pressure metamorphic rocks. Its relatively simple structure, chemistry, broad P-T stability field, and its wide occurrence in nature makes it a candidate for the application of elastic geobarometry. However, thermodynamic studies coupled with observations on natural samples predict that rutile inclusions in garnets should exhibit zero residual pressure. This implies that the rutile inclusions are detached from the inclusion walls in the host garnet after entrapment. We determined the elastic and vibrational properties of rutile via ab initio hybrid Hartree-Fock/Density Functional Theory simulations under different strain states. Our results confirmed the thermodynamic behavior of rutile in garnet and allowed us to determine for the first time the components of the phonon-mode Grüneisen tensors of rutile. We demonstrated that pure rutile inclusions in garnets from metamorphic rocks exhibit no residual strain or stress, consistent with thermodynamic modeling. Nevertheless, there are rutile inclusions in garnet surrounded by optical birefringence haloes, which are indicative of residual inclusion pressures. Careful examination of these show that they contain significant amounts of amphibole, which reduce the elastic moduli of the composite inclusion to less than that of the garnet hosts. A calculation method for the residual pressures of multi-phase inclusions is described.
ANTIOXIDANT NAPHTHOQUINONES OF Sinningia reitzii FROM SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: Winiewski Vanessa , Silva Adson , Alvarez Kattleen , Sá Eduardo , Salvador Marcos , Stefanello Maria
Published: December 2020

Sinningia reitzii (Hoehne) L. E. Skog (Gesneriaceae) is a subshrub native to Brazil, where it is distributed in two disjunctive populations around the 26°S and 23°S parallels. In this work, tubers of plants from the wild population growing at the 26°S parallel (Santa Catarina state) yielded two new naphthoquinones, 5,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-a-dunnione and 8-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxya-dunnione. Three known compounds were also isolated: 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-a-dunnione, 5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-adunnione, and 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-O-methyldunniol. The naphthoquinones 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-O-methyldunniol, 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-a-dunnione, and 5,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-a-dunnione displayed antioxidant activity in the ORAC-FL method, with values of relative trolox equivalent in the range of 1.39-4.83 mmol g-1.
Metamaterial based Flexible Coplanar Antenna Design and Simulation for Human Body Applications
Authors: TETİK Gamze , TETİK Erkan
Published: December 2020

This study presents a metamaterial based flexible coplanar antenna designed to operate close to the human model in the 2.45 GHz operation frequency band. Firstly, the reflection values and radiation pattern of the suggested antenna were analyzed. After obtaining good results, electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure that is a kind of metamaterials was designed. Secondly, the EBG and the antenna was combined to form an integrated structure. At the same time, a human model was designed for the integrated structure. Conductive textile fabrics such as pure copper polyester taffeta fabric and felt were used for coplanar antenna and EBG design, respectively. Finally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) values of the coplanar wearable antenna and the integrated model were separately computed. As a result, the proposed EBG structure effectively reduced the SAR value of the integrated model. It was seen that the SAR value of integrated model was suitable with the standard threshold. The originality of the work lies in the use of wearable textile materials and making calculation by applying bend to the proposed structure. In addition, the sharp drop in SAR value from 31.8 to 0.0344 W/kg is remarkable when compared to many studies in the literature. The proposed integrated design has potentials to be applied to many research areas such as the military systems, health applications, and e-textile technologies.