bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Insulin Versus Conservative Management in Hypertriglyceridemia-Associated Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Dhindsa Sandeep , Sharma Anjul , Al-Khazaali Ali , Sitaula Sujata , Nadella Soumya , McKee Alexis , Albert Stewart , Bourey Raymond , Dandona Paresh
Published: November 2019

Context and Objective

Hypertriglyceridemia is implicated in ~5% of cases of acute pancreatitis. It is assumed that intravenous insulin is effective in lowering triglyceride (TG) concentrations in hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HAAP). However, the efficacy of intravenous insulin versus conservative management alone is not known.

Design and Setting

Charts of 106 patients who were admitted with HAAP and had TG concentrations >1000 mg/dL at admission were reviewed. Patients who received intravenous insulin for at least 8 hours were included in the intravenous insulin group, while the rest were considered to have received conservative management. We compared the change in TG concentrations from baseline in the 2 groups.

Results

Fifty-one patients received intravenous insulin while 55 patients were managed conservatively. Baseline TG concentrations were higher in the intravenous insulin group (median [25th, 75th percentile] 3307 [2106, 4425] mg/dL vs 2304 [1416, 2720] mg/dL; P < 0.001). The TG concentrations declined rapidly in both groups, reaching below 1000 mg/dL by day 3 and < 500 mg/dL by day 4. TG concentrations in the intravenous insulin group had decreased by 69% and 85% on days 2 and 4, respectively. The fall in the conservative management group was 63% and 79%, which was not statistically different than the change in the intravenous insulin group.

Conclusion

Our results show that intravenous insulin did not result in a more rapid fall in TG compared with conservative treatment in patients with HAAP. Fasting and intravenous fluids were effective in lowering TG concentrations rapidly, with no further contribution from insulin.
Metabolomic Analysis of the Effects of Leptin Replacement Therapy in Patients with Lipodystrophy
Authors: Grewal Shivraj , Gubbi Sriram , Fosam Andin , Sedmak Caroline , Sikder Shanaz , Talluru Harsha , Brown Rebecca J , Muniyappa Ranganath
Published: November 2019

Context and Objective

Leptin treatment has dramatic clinical effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in leptin-deficient patients with lipodystrophy. Further elucidation of metabolic effects of exogenous leptin therapy will shed light on understanding leptin physiology in humans. Our objective was to utilize metabolomic profiling to examine the changes associated with administration of short-term metreleptin therapy in patients with lipodystrophy.

Study Design

We conducted a pre-post-treatment study in 19 patients (75% female) with varying forms of lipodystrophy (congenital generalized lipodystrophy, n = 10; acquired generalized lipodystrophy, n = 1; familial partial lipodystrophy, n = 8) who received daily subcutaneous metreleptin injections for a period of 16 to 23 weeks. A 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test and body composition measurements were conducted before and after the treatment period, and fasting blood samples were used for metabolomic profiling. The study outcome aimed at measuring changes in physiologically relevant metabolites before and after leptin therapy.

Results

Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in pathways involving branched-chain amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, protein degradation, urea cycle, tryptophan metabolism, nucleotide catabolism, vitamin E, and steroid metabolism. Fold changes in pre- to post-treatment metabolite levels indicated increased breakdown of fatty acids, branched chain amino acids proteins, and nucleic acids.

Conclusions

Leptin replacement therapy has significant effects on important metabolic pathways implicated in patients with lipodystrophy. Continued metabolomic studies may provide further insight into the mechanisms of action of leptin replacement therapy and provide novel biomarkers of lipodystrophy.

Abbreviations: 1,5-AG, 1,5-anhydroglucitol; 11βHSD1, 11-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1; BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; FFA, free fatty acid; GC-MS, gas chromatography mass spectrometry; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; m/z, mass to charge ratio; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; TDO, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; UPLC-MS/MS, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Sitting Closer to the Screen: Early Televisual Address, the Unsettling of the Domestic Sphere, and Close Reading Historical TV
Authors: Barth Josie Torres
Published: November 2019

This article makes a case for formal analysis of historical TV through close readings that demonstrate the ways in which postwar television unsettled the domestic sphere. While scholars of historical television have dismissed formal criticism for its ignorance of contexts of production and reception, I argue that the content and form of TV in its developmental years directly contextualize industry and society. In its first decades of mass use, television refigured spatial relationships by creating an uncanny liminality between the public sphere of commerce and entertainment and the private sphere of the home. These newly blurred boundaries had profound implications for postwar conceptions of gender, home, and family. Through both form and content, programs as wide-ranging as the science-fiction anthology The Twilight Zone (CBS, 1959–64) and domestic sitcoms The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show (CBS, 1950–58) and The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet (ABC, 1952–66) developed modes of address to articulate and work through their viewers’ anxieties. In order to probe the wide-reaching implications of the new medium’s intimate address, I argue that scholars of historical television must be as attentive to program content, textuality, and form as they are to technological and industrial developments.
C. elegans Runx/CBFβ suppresses POP-1 TCF to convert asymmetric to proliferative division of stem cell-like seam cells
Authors: van der Horst Suzanne E. M. , Cravo Janine , Woollard Alison , Teapal Juliane , van den Heuvel Sander
Published: November 2019

A correct balance between proliferative and asymmetric cell divisions underlies normal development, stem cell maintenance and tissue homeostasis. What determines whether cells undergo symmetric or asymmetric cell division is poorly understood. To gain insight into the mechanisms involved, we studied the stem cell-like seam cells in the Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis. Seam cells go through a reproducible pattern of asymmetric divisions, instructed by divergent canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and symmetric divisions that increase the seam cell number. Using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy we observed that symmetric cell divisions maintain asymmetric localization of Wnt/β-catenin pathway components. Our observations, based on lineage-specific knockout and GFP-tagging of endogenous pop-1, support the model that POP-1TCF induces differentiation at a high nuclear level, whereas low nuclear POP-1 promotes seam cell self-renewal. Before symmetric division, the transcriptional regulator RNT-1Runx and cofactor BRO-1CBFβ temporarily bypass Wnt/β-catenin asymmetry by downregulating pop-1 expression. Thereby, RNT-1/BRO-1 appears to render POP-1 below the level required for its repressor function, which converts differentiation into self-renewal. Thus, we found that conserved Runx/CBFβ-type stem cell regulators switch asymmetric to proliferative cell division by opposing TCF-related transcriptional repression.
The spindle pole body of Aspergillus nidulans is asymmetrical and contains changing numbers of γ-tubulin complexes
Authors: Gao Xiaolei , Schmid Marjorie , Zhang Ying , Fukuda Sayumi , Takeshita Norio , Fischer Reinhard
Published: November 2019

Centrosomes are important microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) in animal cells. In addition, non-centrosomal MTOCs (ncMTOCs) are found in many cell types. Their composition and structure are only poorly understood. Here, we analyzed nuclear MTOCs (spindle-pole bodies, SPBs) and septal MTOCs in Aspergillus nidulans. They both contain γ-tubulin along with members of the family of γ-tubulin complex proteins (GCPs). Our data suggest that SPBs consist of γ-tubulin small complexes (γ-TuSCs) at the outer plaque, and larger γ-tubulin ring complexes (γ-TuRC) at the inner plaque. We show that the MztA protein, an ortholog of the human MOZART protein (also known as MZT1), interacted with the inner plaque receptor PcpA (the homolog of fission yeast Pcp1) at SPBs, while no interaction nor colocalization was detected between MztA and the outer plaque receptor ApsB (fission yeast Mto1). Septal MTOCs consist of γ-TuRCs including MztA but are anchored through AspB and Spa18 (fission yeast Mto2). MztA is not essential for viability, although abnormal spindles were observed frequently in cells lacking MztA. Quantitative PALM imaging revealed unexpected dynamics of the protein composition of SPBs, with changing numbers of γ-tubulin complexes over time during interphase and constant numbers during mitosis.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Re-resection in Incidental Gallbladder Cancer: Survival and the Incidence of Residual Disease
Authors: de Savornin Lohman Elise A. J. , van der Geest Lydia G. , de Bitter Tessa J. J. , Nagtegaal Iris D. , van Laarhoven Cornelis J. H. M. , van den Boezem Peter , van der Post Chella S. , de Reuver Philip R.
Published: November 2019

Background

Re-resection for incidental gallbladder cancer (iGBC) is associated with improved survival but little is known about residual disease (RD) and prognostic factors. In this study, survival after re-resection, RD, and prognostic factors are analyzed.

Methods

Patients with iGBC were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry, and pathology reports of re-resected patients were reviewed. Survival and prognostic factors were analyzed.

Results

Overall, 463 patients were included; 24% (n = 110) underwent re-resection after a median interval of 66 days. RD was present in 35% of patients and was most frequently found in the lymph nodes (23%). R0 resection was achieved in 93 patients (92%). Median overall survival (OS) of patients without re-resection was 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 11.6–15.6), compared with 52.6 months (95% CI 36.3–68.8) in re-resected patients (p < 0.001). After re-resection, median OS was superior in patients without RD versus patients with RD (not reached vs. 23.1 months; p < 0.001). In patients who underwent re-resection, RD in the liver (hazard ratio [HR] 5.54; p < 0.001) and lymph nodes (HR 2.35; p = 0.005) were the only significant prognostic factors in multivariable analysis. Predictive factors for the presence of RD were pT3 stage (HR 25.3; p = 0.003) and pN1 stage (HR 23.0; p = 0.022).

Conclusion

Re-resection for iGBC is associated with improved survival but remains infrequently used and is often performed after the optimal timing interval. RD is the only significant prognostic factor for survival after re-resection and can be predicted by pT and pN stages.
Coronary artery to aortic luminal attenuation ratio in coronary CT angiography for the diagnosis of haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Misaka Tomofumi , Sugitani Yuki , Asato Nobuyuki , Matsukubo Yuko , Uemura Masanobu , Ashikaga Ryuichiro , Ishida Takayuki
Published: November 2019

Objective:

This study aimed to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of the coronary artery to aortic luminal attenuation ratio (CAR), transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG), and corrected coronary opacification (CCO) difference on coronary CT angiography (cCTA) for detecting haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis.

Methods:

33 patients who underwent cCTA, gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), and invasive coronary angiography within 3 months were included in this retrospective study. The degree of coronary stenosis on cCTA was visually assessed in all patients. Additionally, CAR, TAG, and CCO difference were analyzed and calculated in all patients. Haemodynamically significant coronary stenosis was defined as a vessel with ≥50% luminal stenosis on invasive coronary angiography and an associated abnormal perfusion defect on MPI in the same territory. Diagnostic performance was assessed on a per-vessel basis by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).

Results:

Among 99 vessels, 12 were excluded and the remaining 87 were analyzed. 17 (19.5%) vessels were determined as haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis. On ROC analysis, the AUC was 0.71 for cCTA, 0.80 for CAR, 0.61 for TAG, 0.74 for CCO, 0.87 for combined CAR and cCTA, 0.77 for combined TAG and cCTA, and 0.75 for combined CCO and cCTA. The AUC for combined CAR and cCTA was significantly greater compared with cCTA alone (p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Non-invasive CAR derived from 64-detector row CT was feasible and might be helpful for the detection of haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis. Still, further investigations such as intra- and inter-reader correlation, evaluation of larger numbers in different settings, and time efficiency are required for applying CAR in various situations.

Advances in knowledge:

CAR could be used as novel noninvasive technique to detect haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis.
Modelling variable proton relative biological effectiveness for treatment planning
Authors: McNamara Aimee , Willers Henning , Paganetti Harald
Published: November 2019

Dose in proton radiotherapy is generally prescribed by scaling the physical proton dose by a constant value of 1.1. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) is defined as the ratio of doses required by two radiation modalities to cause the same level of biological effect. The adoption of an RBE of 1.1. assumes that the biological efficacy of protons is similar to photons, allowing decades of clinical dose prescriptions from photon treatments and protocols to be utilized in proton therapy. There is, however, emerging experimental evidence that indicates that proton RBE varies based on technical, tissue and patient factors. The notion that a single scaling factor may be used to equate the effects of photons and protons across all biological endpoints and doses is too simplistic and raises concern for treatment planning decisions. Here, we review the models that have been developed to better predict RBE variations in tissue based on experimental data as well as using a mechanistic approach.
Case Report: Myocarditis along with fulminant hepatic failure secondary to acute hepatitis E infection
Authors: Rai Lajpat , Salam Osama , Yaqoob Uzair , Zubair Ujala
Published: November 2019

Myocarditis, defined as the inflammation of myocardial tissue has many causes which may be viral, metabolic or bacterial in origin. In this case, we report a patient aged 22 years who was admitted with presenting complains of loss of consciousness, generalized muscle rigidity and yellowish discoloration of the skin. During the course of his hospital stay, the patient developed signs of myocarditis and later died of hypotensive shock. Viral serology was positive for the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV), a rare cause of myocarditis. HEV infection can range from asymptomatic disease course to fulminant hepatitis but in rare cases, it has been found to be a cause of myocarditis. This is so far the sixth case of hepatitis E induced myocarditis.
Analysis of the Arabidopsis organellar rhomboid At1g74140 transcript population uncovered splicing patterns different from its close relative At1g74130
Authors: Ko Kenton , Guenther Jeremy , Ostan Nicholas , Powles Joshua
Published: November 2019

Background: Four distinct rhomboid genes appear to function in Arabidopsis plastids, two “active” types from the secretases and presenilin-like associated rhomboid-like (PARL) categories (At1g25290 and At5g25752) and two “inactive” rhomboid forms (At1g74130 and At1g74140).  The number of working rhomboids is further increased by alternative splicing, two reported for At1g25290 and three for At1g74130.  Since At1g25290 and At1g74130 exist as alternative splice variants, it would be necessary to assess the splicing patterns of the other two plastid rhomboid genes, At5g25752 and At1g74140, before studying the Arabidopsis plastid rhomboid system as a whole.  

Methods: This study thus specifically focused on an analysis of the At1g74140 transcript population using various RT-PCR strategies.  

Results: The exon mapping results indicate splicing patterns different from the close relative At1g74130, despite similarity between the exonic sequences.  The splicing patterns indicate a high level of sequence “discontinuity” in the At1g74140 transcript population with a significant portion of the discontinuity being generated by two regions of the gene.  

Conclusion: The overall discontinuous splicing pattern of At1g74140 may be reflective of its mode of involvement in activities like controlling gene expression.
Management strategies for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among people with multiple sclerosis (MS): a qualitative study of the perspectives of people with MS and healthcare professionals
Authors: Al Dandan Hawra B. , Galvin Rose , McClurg Doreen , Coote Susan
Published: November 2019

Background: Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) is defined as a lower urinary tract dysfunction secondary to confirmed pathology of the nervous system. NLUTD is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), with prevalence estimates ranging from 49% to 92%. Managing NLUTD is complex and can be comprised of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Qualitative research exploring perspectives of people with MS and healthcare professionals on living with and managing NLUTD symptoms is sparse. This study aims to explore the perspectives of people with MS and healthcare professionals on managing NLUTD symptoms.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach will be applied in this study using audio-recorded semi structured interviews for people with MS and healthcare professionals. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) guidelines will be used to standardize the conduct and reporting of the research. People with MS will be recruited through a gatekeeper at MS Ireland. Healthcare professionals will be recruited through gatekeepers at Irish Practice Nurses Association, Continence Foundation of Ireland, Irish Society of Chartered Physiotherapists, and Physiotherapists Interested in MS Group. Interviews will be transcribed and exported to NVivo software package (Version 12) for analysis. Data will be collectively synthesised using thematic analysis.

Conclusion: It is anticipated that exploring perspectives of people with MS and healthcare professionals on managing symptoms (including current practice) of NLUTD in MS will assist in the development of an evidence-based and stakeholder informed intervention for NLUTD in people with MS.
The association between exaggeration in health-related science news and academic press releases: a replication study
Authors: Bratton Luke , Adams Rachel C. , Challenger Aimée , Boivin Jacky , Bott Lewis , Chambers Christopher D. , Sumner Petroc
Published: November 2019

Background: Exaggerations in health news were previously found to strongly associate with similar exaggerations in press releases. Moreover, such press release exaggerations did not appear to attract more news.

Methods: Here we tested the replicability of these findings in a new cohort of news and press releases based on research in UK universities in 2014 and 2015. Press releases and news were compared to their associated peer-reviewed articles to define exaggeration in advice, causal claims and human inference from non-human studies.

Results: We found that the association between news and press releases did not replicate for advice exaggeration, while this association did replicate for causal claims and human inference from non-human studies. There was no evidence for higher news uptake for exaggerated press releases, consistent with previous results. Base exaggeration rates were lower for human inference from non-human studies, possibly reflecting the Concordat on Openness on Animal Research in the UK.

Conclusions: Overall, the picture remains that the strength of news statements is normally associated with the strength of press release statements, and without evidence that exaggerated statements get significantly more news.
Initiating a network to support engagement between health researchers and schools: recommendations from an international meeting of schools engagement practitioners held in Kilifi, Kenya
Authors: Davies Alun , Mwango Grace , Appiah Bernard , Callery James J. , Duy Thanh Vu , Gumede Nozibusiso , Inglis Robert , McCracken Shane , Mkoola Kestern , Montjane Kagisho , Ochanda Alice , Shonai Charity , Woods-Townsend Kathryn
Published: November 2019

Engagement between health researchers and local schools, or School Engagement, has become incorporated into the engagement strategies of many health research institutions worldwide. Innovative initiatives have emerged within Wellcome Trust-funded African and Asian Programmes (APPs) and elsewhere, and continued funding from the Wellcome Trust and other funders is likely to catalyse further innovation. Worldwide, engagement between scientists and schools is well-described in the scientific literature (1-4), however, engagement between health researchers and schools is much newer, particularly in Africa, and rarely documented in the academic literature. In November 2018 the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) hosted an international meeting in Kilifi, Kenya, drawing on an emerging community of School Engagement practitioners towards exploring the broad range of goals for School Engagement, learning about the breadth of evaluation approaches and exploring the usefulness of a practitioner network. The workshop was attended by 29 participants representing 21 institutions in 11 countries and comprised: engagement staff from Wellcome Trust-funded Africa and Asia Programmes (AAPs); facilitators of previously funded Wellcome Trust African School Engagement projects; collaborators of Wellcome Trust funded school engagement projects; and long-established UK and Africa-based School Engagement with research projects. Workshop sessions combining small group discussions with plenary presentations, enabled a range of goals, activities and evaluation approaches to be shared. This report summarises these dicussions, and shares the possible function of a network of School Engagement practitioners.

Four broad goals for schools engagement emerged: contributing to science education; capacity strengthening for health research; contributing to goals of community engagement; and health promotion. These aimed ultimately at improving health, but also at supporting development in low- and middle-income countries through promoting science-career uptake. Practitioners identified a range of benefits for creating a network to strengthen School Engagement practice: sharing experiences and resources; facilitating capacity strengthening; and fostering collaboration.
Models of digitisation of organisational space in sport
Authors: Cieśliński Wojciech , Piepiora Paweł , Witkowski Kazimierz
Published: November 2019

This research presents the organisational model of digitisation of sport institutions as the element of development shifting towards digital models of sport business. Empirical research concerns: the level of saturation of information and communication technology (ICT) in sport institutions and media coverage of organizational space in sport as the element of media technology development. The research has been conducted in the theory of organisational space (Cieśliński, 2016, 2017) and has been financed with the use of two research-implementation grants and implementation one under the operational program Program Operacyjny Polska Cyfrowa (POPC).
Generalized Periodic Vehicle Routing and Maritime Surveillance
Authors: Fauske Maria Fleischer , Mannino Carlo , Ventura Paolo
Published: November 2019

Planning maritime surveillance activities in military operations and long-term defense planning is a huge task that is done manually today. Because maritime surveillance resources are extremely expensive, the potential cost savings of using optimization models to do such planning are large. In this paper, we developed a methodology for making maritime surveillance planning more efficient. The purpose of our tool is to find routes for the force elements involved in maritime surveillance operations, where the goal is to keep a maritime picture sufficiently updated. Our problem may be viewed as a variant of the classical periodic vehicle routing problem, but it differs from this problem in some major aspects. To cope with the specific issues of our problem, we introduce a novel time-indexed formulation, where each variable is associated with a set of contiguous time periods. We defined and implemented a branch-and-price procedure to solve this formulation to exact optimality. Moreover, to tackle instances of practical size, we defined and applied efficient and effective heuristic techniques for solving the pricing problem. We show how our approach can plan up to 72-hour realistic missions with routing ships.
o Hip Hop como valor cultural afro-brasileiro
Authors: Cruz Ezequiel Santos
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo visa mostrar como o hip hop se insere na cultura afro-brasileira, levando em conta seu surgimento a partir de matrizes culturais africanas, estabelecendo relações entre Brasil e Moçambique através do rap brasileiro e da poesia Moçambicana. Partindo desse pressuposto, a cultura afro-brasileira será apontada através das letras de rap e de poesias, apontando o caráter descolonizador, a autoafirmação, identidade, pertencimento e denuncia em ambos os gêneros.
ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DA LITERATURA DE TESTEMUNHO DOS CAMPOS DE CONCENTRAÇÃO DA ALEMANHA PÓS-GUERRA
Authors: Santos Caio César Costa
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo tem o propósito de refletir sobre a importância da relação entre literatura, história e memória. A partir do século XX, novos conceitos e valores foram paulatinamente construídos com a advento das duas guerras mundiais, o cenário encontrou uma nova ética com relação à estruturação do componente mnemônico nos estudos literários. A formação do sujeito, nesta época, diz respeito à assimilação do saber integrar as formas potenciais do passado e de inseri-lo numa epistemologia condizente à época das catástrofes. Para discussão elencamos testemunhos de Primo Levi (2015) e Miklos Nyiszli (1974) afim de apresentar as experiências acometidas no curso temporal da Alemanha nazista e de corroborar com a difusão da literatura de testemunho como uma ciência capaz de elucidar as atrocidades vivenciadas por prisioneiros em Auschwitz.
A QUARTA ONDA DO FEMINISMO NA LITERATURA NORTE-AMERICANA
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA PRISCILLA PELLEGRINO
Published: November 2019

Este artigo destaca o conceito de quarta onda dentro do movimento feminista, a partir de uma nomenclatura histórica tradicional do feminismo, que conta com primeira, segunda e terceira ondas. A nova onda, presente majoritariamente no ambiente digital, consensualmente designada com surgimento entre 2011 e 2013 por várias autoras, reivindica questões tanto da terceira onda quanto do momento histórico em que vivemos. Nesse contexto, surge a literatura feminista da quarta onda, com escritoras engajadas em movimentos online em forma de blogs e páginas destinadas ao feminismo. Assim, a escritora norte-americana Jessica Valenti vem escrevendo para diversos sites e através de livros impressos sobre os assuntos que dizem respeito à vida da mulher contemporânea, levando em consideração assuntos como aborto, assédio, abusos sexuais e violência física e psicológica.
REESCRITURA LITERARIA: MALINCHE BAJO LA MIRADA DE LOS ESTUDIOS POSTCOLONIALES
Authors: Pereira Walquíria Rodrigues , Díaz Merino Ximena Antonia
Published: November 2019

RESUMEN: La propuesta de este estudio es revelar otra perspectiva sobre la figura de Malinche, reflexiones que serán realizadas a la luz de los estudios postcoloniales. As análisis serán realizadas a partir de la novela Malinche (2006), de Laura Esquivel y del ensayo El laberinto de la soledad  (1950), de Octavio Paz. Por medio de una lectura cuestionadora y reflexiva serán observadas las diferentes perspectivas de los dos autores en la construcción de la imagen del símbolo mexicano Malinche, la visión de la mujer rehén de la violencia colonizadora en contrapunto con la visión de la mujer que traicionó a su pueblo. A través de la reescritura de la figura Malinche, encontramos la voz del excluido, que en medio de la colonización busca mantener su identidad, su cultura y sus valores, un nuevo enfoque que permite adoptar estrategias de resistencia como medio de supervivencia en oposición al discurso dominante. Las observaciones se guiarán por los estudios críticos de: Homi K. Bhabha (1998), Thomas Bonnici (2005, 2009), Walter Mignolo (1996, 2008) e Maria Emília Granduque José (2016).PALABRAS CLAVE: Literatura; reescritura; Estudios postcoloniales; Malinche.
NEOLOGISMOS NA MÍDIA IMPRESSA CONTEMPORÂNEA: UMA ANÁLISE LINGUÍSTICO-DISCURSIVA
Authors: Oliveira Mariana Morais
Published: November 2019

“Neologismos na mídia impressa contemporânea: uma análise linguístico-discursiva” foi uma Tese de Doutorado defendida em dezembro de 2018. A pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a renovação lexical do Português com base em neologismos encontrados em textos jornalísticos. Objetivou-se, sobretudo, analisar os novos termos sob o aspecto linguístico-discursivo. Isso significa que foi fundamental compreender as regras morfológicas – os processos de formação de palavras – utilizadas na construção dos neologismos, mas também foi essencial refletir sobre a situação de produção como um ato de linguagem, em que importa analisar as circunstâncias discursivas que o cercam.
A FORÇA DA PALAVRA EM CLARICE LISPECTOR E MIA COUTO: HUMANIZAÇÃO E PREVISÃO
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela De Castro Maciel , Fonseca Maria da Conceição Vinciprova
Published: November 2019

Este estudo traz evidências da força da palavra aproximando as obras Terra Sonâmbula, de Mia Couto, e A Hora da Estrela, de Clarice Lispector. Feita a leitura das obras, categorias comuns em que essa força se manifesta são aqui trazidas em recortes. A relevância do estudo dá-se diante da necessidade de valorizar o coletivo na cultura africana, enquanto força um olhar ao indivíduo marginalizado, personificado em Macabéa. A literatura comparada permite a valorização da própria literatura, trazendo à luz um viés social semelhante ao cotidiano de marginalização de muitos alunos. O verbo como fonte criadora permite a criação e recriação da realidade, a reafirmação de si mesmo e de uma identidade cultural, e a representação de um coletivo. A palavra constitui um poder, não só como instrumento de ascensão social, mas oferecendo domínio sobre si mesmo e o mundo, como faltava em Macabéa.
A OBRA, O CONCEITO E O HOMEM: HANS ULRICH GUMBRECHT E A PRODUÇÃO DE PRESENÇA
Authors: Palimpsesto Revista
Published: November 2019

Entrevista com o Prof. Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht para o número 30.
Outsourcing non-clinical services in NHS organisations in England
Authors: Confue Phillip
Published: November 2019

Outsourcing of non-core activities has been a clear trend within corporate life for over 30 years. If implemented successfully, it can lead to positive organisational performance benefits. NHS England has gone through a process of change to a new public governance model, an approach that should have encouraged NHS managers to consider the opportunities that outsourcing could offer. Instead, there appears to have been a cultural resistance towards outsourcing. The only exceptions appear to be estate management and maintenance functions. This article discusses the culture among senior managers in NHS England that leads some to reject outsourcing services.
Austerity in the UK and poor health: were deaths directly affected?
Authors: Jones Rodney
Published: November 2019

A dramatic increase in deaths in the UK since 2011 has defied actuarial forecasts. This has led some to propose a direct link between the rise in deaths and government social care austerity. However, several facts argue against this link. Firstly, age standardised mortality in the second quarter of 2019 was statistically lower than the second quarter in all years since 2001, clearly austerity is still present, but age standardised mortality has recovered. Also, deaths have increased equally across the whole of the UK, whereas social care austerity has largely been restricted to England. English citizens who are residents outside of the UK also show the same trend. These effects are highly reminiscent of a recurring series of disease outbreaks of an unidentified pathogen. In addition, increases in deaths are always linked to increases in hospital admissions. This link arises since around half of a person's lifetime use of acute services is compressed into the last 6 months of life, irrespective of the age at death. This is called the nearness-to-death effect. International research is needed to understand exactly why deaths are behaving in this unique way. While austerity has created a significant problem relating to delayed discharges in hospitals and has highlighted serious problems with how end-of-life care is to be funded, it seemingly cannot be blamed for the increased mortality rate.
The presence of high level physical difficulties in children and young people with severe acquired brain injuries who regain independent mobility
Authors: Kelly Gemma , Davis Kathy , Wales Lorna
Published: November 2019

Background/Aims

Children and young people with acquired brain injuries take part in less physical activity than age-matched peers. A possible cause of this is reduced high level motor proficiency. This study aimed to determine whether children and young people who regain independent mobility following a severe acquired brain injury continue to experience high-level physical difficulties.

Methods

A retrospective review of routinely collected Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2 assessments was performed. Descriptive data analysis of motor proficiency results, both overall and within the different subsections, was conducted.

Results

Out of 26 participants (5–17 years) with severe traumatic and non-traumatic acquired brain injury, 22 scored below or well below average in overall motor composite score. The mean standard scores across all participants in three of the subsections were below average: manual coordination 35.9; body coordination 37.1; and strength and agility 37.9. The only subsection that produced scores within the average for participants' ages was fine motor control (mean 41.8).

Conclusions

Children and young people demonstrate reduced motor proficiency following acquired brain injury despite regaining functionally independent mobility. Those not participating in physical activities should be screened for high level motor difficulties that may impact on their participation.
Antimicrobial stewardship in equine practice
Authors: Rendle David , Gough Sarah
Published: November 2019

The veterinary profession's use of critically important antimicrobials is a One Health issue that has come under the scrutiny of the World Health Organization and the European Parliament. Failure by the veterinary profession to demonstrate the ability to self-regulate may result in restriction on the freedom to dispense antimicrobials, in an effort to protect human health. The implementation of such legislation would have a considerable impact on veterinary practices and would likely impair our ability to treat some conditions. These concerns, and the increasing frequency of multi-resistant bacterial infections in equine patients, should prompt implementation and audit of antimicrobial stewardship practices and measures to limit the development and spread of multi-resistant bacteria.
Solidarity Economy (ies) and Public Policy in Brazil
Authors: Gonçalves Alícia Ferreira
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2012.1.1.4028.44-54The article presents reflections (theoretical and empirical) on the interfaces between the solidarity economies in Brazil and public policies. In this sense, it is a reflection on the interrelations between state, economy and society. The approaches are: 1. How to institutionalize solidarity economy (SE) in the structures of the state? What are the interrelationships between the SE and other public policies? How to establish permanent and effective instruments of participation of SE in management policies? The solidarity economy contemporary experiences would be inducing new models of public action? Or in other words, the experiences would be manipulated by the mechanisms of power and money as Jurgen Habermas argues in his theory of communicative action? There are no simple answers, experiences in solidarity economy is configured as a constant building process.
Technological and Market related Capabilities and Competitiveness in the Brazilian Computer Industry: a case study
Authors: De Matos Murilo Montanari , De Queiroz Sérgio Robles Reis
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2013.2.2.4555.9-31The Brazilian local computer producers have the largest market share, even competing with large global players. This article objective is to discuss how the national private enterprises can compete in complex markets, accumulating not only technological competences but non technological ones. First, the technological paradigm theory allows dividing the computer industry in two groups: the enterprises that control the paradigm core and then push forward the technological frontier; and the enterprises whose competences encompass the secondary paradigm elements. Second, thePositivo’s analyses shows that this enterprise’s competitiveness isn’t connected to its technological competences. Also the elements that keep the local industry competitive are related to the population income expansion experienced in Brazil and due to the enterprise extreme specialization in the lower income population. It is concluded that the Brazilian computer industry can be competitive without accumulation technological competences.
A Participação da Engenharia nas Atividades de P&D da Indústria de Transformação Brasileira: uma análise a partir da PINTEC
Authors: Mazzoni Marcela de Oliveira , Queiroz Sérgio Robles Reis de , Consoni Flávia Luciane , Pedrosa Renato Hyuda de Luna
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2013.2.2.4647.102-122O Brasil discute hoje o temor de que a retomada do crescimento e o fortalecimento da realização de atividades tecnológicas no país sejam interrompidos por uma restrição na disponibilidade de profissionais qualificados, principalmente, engenheiros. A análise deste cenário de restrição de engenheiros para atividades tecnológicas é o objetivo deste artigo, que investiga se a participação destes profissionais em P&D na indústria da transformação está crescendo no Brasil nos últimos anos. Para isso, utilizou-se os dados fornecidos pela Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica (PINTEC), em suas quatro edições. As informações permitem observar a evolução do esforço em P&D e a participação dos engenheiros entre os profissionais dedicados às atividades tecnológicas. Apesar da expectativa de uma estrutura com fortalecimento da demanda de engenheiros para atividades tecnológicas, os dados evidenciam que a indústria brasileira não tem contado com uma estrutura mais intensiva em engenheiros nos últimos anos para a realização das atividades de P&D.
Sessenta anos de Política Científica e Tecnológica no Brasil
Authors: Albuquerque Marconi Edson Esmeraldo , Carvalho Roberto Muniz Barretto de
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2013.2.2.5055.217-228Este livro traz uma contribuição valiosa, singular, original e fecunda para a análise da Política Científica e Tecnológica (PCT) no Brasil, porque aborda sua construção a partir da identificação dos atores sociais em torno dessa política, da compreensão sobre a constituição de coalizões entre alguns desses atores, destacando sua influência e predomínio na definição das políticas públicas nesta área. Fecunda, pois oferece possibilidades de novas abordagens e aprofundamentos sobre as políticas de C&T, ao adotar uma nova postura teórico-metodológica. Mostra-se coerente entre a posição central do autor e a explicação e discussão de seus resultados e conclusões. Apresenta linguagem clara e acessível. Trata-se de obra que valoriza recursos metodológicos diversos, que explora e conclui sobre a temática delimitada, e que apresenta poucos desvios ou distorções, o que seguramente confere uma maior riqueza de informações, objetividade e confiabilidade nos resultados e conclusões apresentados. Ao analisar e refletir criticamente a orientação da PCT no período de ascensão de governo de aspiração progressista e de esquerda, e concluir que ela se manteve praticamente inalterada, e que a Comunidade de Pesquisa continua dominando e definindo a agenda de pesquisa, o autor levanta uma questão-chave, que entendemos ser a análise daí derivada, a principal contribuição de sua obra e que a torna especial: realmente temos uma política (de C&T) para inclusão social?
Crise, Trabalho e (Des)emprego
Authors: Gitahy Leda Maria Caira
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2013.2.2.6136.207-216O objetivo deste trabalho é iniciar uma reflexão sobre o impacto da crise atual no processo de transformação da or¬ganização do trabalho e das relações industriais em curso na indústria brasileira. O tema da crise costuma ser abordado a partir dos seus efeitos mais imediatos: inflação e desemprego. Mas, nós gostaríamos de começar a abordá-la, a partir de um período anterior - o período de crescimento econômico conhecido como "milagre brasilei¬ro" (1969-1973) - e do ponto de vista do emprego, ou seja, preten¬demos partir da evolução do emprego industrial e das característi¬cas da divisão técnica e social do trabalho e da sua organização, no interior da indústria brasileira a partir do início dos anos 70. A década de 70 se caracteriza no Brasil como um período de grande expansão industrial e, se bem os sintomas da crise e da recessão econômica já se fazem sentir a partir de 1974, eles só vão se manifestar de forma mais clara ao nível do emprego industrial, a partir de 1981
The New Technological Revolution and the Third World
Authors: Herrera Amilcar Oscar
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2013.2.2.6184.151-180The paper analyses the general characteristics of the new wave of technological innovations and explores its possible impact on Third World countries. The conceptual background used is the Kondratiev-Schumpeter theory of the long cycles of the economy.
Construção de Parâmetros para Implantação de Bibliotecas Acessíveis
Authors: Pupo Deise Tallarico , Martins Valéria dos Santos Gouveia
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.5049.23-42. Ao longo dos séculos, com a evolução humana, as pessoas com deficiência percorreram caminhos diversos: dos tempos difíceis, na trilha do preconceito, da segregação, do assistencialismo, mas, aos poucos, suavizam-se os trajetos, as diferenças ganham dignidade e respeito, apoio legal e valorização de suas especificidades. Por sua vez, as bibliotecas, que são atores sociais e que possibilitam a interação entre a informação e a sociedade, também precisam gerir meios de garantir o acesso de forma ampla e inclusiva. O objetivo deste artigo é a construção de parâmetros para a implantação de bibliotecas acessíveis, tendo como referencial teórico uma ampla revisão da legislação internacional e nacional. A metodologia para o desenvolvimento do estudo é de caráter exploratório, utilizando como instrumentos de pesquisa: fontes de informação oficiais, aplicação de questionário, benchmarking e a correlação entre requisitos de acessibilidade, deficiência e parâmetros mínimos para bibliotecas acessíveis. Os resultados obtidos são as propostas de parâmetros mínimos para o reconhecimento de bibliotecas acessíveis.
Biblioteca Digital Online Acessível: uma proposta para o Ensino Superior
Authors: Silva Joseane Giacomelli da , Melo Amanda Meincke
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.5050.68-91. Bibliotecas digitais on-line fazem parte do cotidiano universitário. Apoiam a disseminação do conhecimento produzido em seus diferentes setores e podem ser úteis à modalidade de educação a distância. A acessibilidade desses sistemas é essencial para que todos os interessados possam utilizá-los de maneira autônoma. Esse requisito contemporâneo deve ser contemplado desde sua concepção, o que ainda não é muito comum. Assim, este artigo visa a contribuir ao desenvolvimento de bibliotecas digitais on-line acessíveis. Ele apresenta o desenvolvimento de um protótipo para uma biblioteca digital on-line voltada a um contexto universitário, com ênfase em sua acessibilidade. Como resultado, propõe-se um conjunto de recomendações para a implantação e a manutenção de bibliotecas digitais on-line inclusivas.
O Atendimento Educacional Especializado e a Tecnologia Assistiva: novas perspectivas para o ensino inclusivo
Authors: Ramos Eliane de Souza , Barreto Lilia Maria Souza
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.5053.122-141. Com este artigo, almejamos colaborar com a atualização de conhecimentos relacionados à inserção e à criação da tecnologia assistiva (TA) no atendimento educacional especializado (AEE). O AEE é um serviço ao qual tem direito alunos com deficiências, transtorno do espectro autístico, transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, altas habilidades e superdotação. Esse atendimento deve ser realizado nas salas de recursos multifuncionais (SRM) em período diferente daquele em que o aluno frequenta as aulas no ensino regular. Focamos nossos pressupostos na relação que vem sendo construída, por professores do AEE e por pesquisadores, entre a TA e o AEE, que deve ser planejada e colocada em prática no movimento de transformação da diferença humana.
Modelos e Abordagens de Projeto para o Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Assistivas
Authors: Chella Marco Túlio , Givigi Rosana Carla do Nascimento , Macedo Hendrik Teixeira
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.5936.107-121. É cada vez maior a conscientização da importância e benefício da inclusão e participação na sociedade de pessoas portadoras de necessidades especiais. A eliminação de barreiras que habilitem a participação plena na sociedade dos portadores de necessidades especiais requer o desenvolvimento de novos sistemas de tecnologia assistiva e o aperfeiçoamento dos mecanismos de informação e acesso às tecnologias existentes. Para atingir esse objetivo, há a necessidade de um diálogo efetivo entre os diversos atores, isto é, usuários, comunidade médica e de serviços sociais e profissionais da área da engenharia. Para dar suporte a esse diálogo, faz-se necessário que terminologias comuns, conceitos e definições sejam agrupados em um modelo unificado e comum. Este artigo apresenta modelos em desenvolvimento e o ponto de interseção com os métodos tradicionais de projeto.
Metodologia para Diagnóstico de Acessibilidade em Centros Urbanos: análise da área central da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Duarte Cristiane Rose de S. , Cohen Regina
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.7798.142-146. Este livro traz um conjunto de ferramentas desenvolvidas por pesquisadores brasileiros para permitir laudos técnicos de “acessibilidade plena”. Apresenta, o resultado da aplicação desses métodos na Região Central da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, propondo um debate maior pelo aperfeiçoamento desse tipo de estudo.