bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Silicon Solar Cell Device Parameters using PC1D
Authors: MANDONG Al-montazer , ÜZÜM Abdullah
Published: October 2019

Perceiving
the role of each layer relevant to the parameters in a silicon solar cell is
important for engineering of solar structures for high efficiencies. PC1D
simulation of silicon solar cells were carried out in this work to evaluate the
performance parameters of each layer and outcomes were analyzed considering
their effects in final cell. Absorber layer, emitter layer, antireflection
coating layer and back surface field layer were studied especially in terms of
doping levels, thicknesses, absorbance behavior and final cell performance. The
short circuit current density (Jsc) is found to be directly
proportional to the absorber layer thickness until the thickness of 160µm whereas
the open circuit voltage (Voc) is inversely proportional for the
range of 30 to 280µm. The device with 2x1020 cm-3 doping
concentration of emitter was more efficient for homogenous emitter solar cells.
The thickness of emitter has degrading effects on the efficiency of the device,
the device with 0.1µm emitter thickness is found to have the highest
efficiency. Doping concentration of back surface field had considerable effect
on Voc of the device for the range of 3x1017 to 3x1018
cm-3. Triple layer antireflection coating improved the short circuit
current density by a ratio of 50.8% and overall efficiency by a ratio of 51.07%
comparing to the those of the cells without antireflection coating. Measured
data of a fabricated high efficiency solar cell was in conformity with the
results of the simulation. According the performed studies and achieved
results, understanding and estimating the effects of these primary parameters
on solar cell performance is beneficial for designing a high efficiency solar
cell structure.
Gender Prediction from Social Media Comments with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: ÇELİK Özer , ASLAN Ahmet Faruk
Published: October 2019

In the 21st century,
which can be termed as artificial age of intelligence, machine learning
techniques that can become widespread and improve themselves can be given more
quality services to humanity in many fields. As a result of these developments,
nowadays many companies deliver their products and services to their customers
via social media accounts. But not every customer is interested in all product
or service. Each customer's area of interest is different. Gender is one of the
main reasons for this difference. If the gender of a social media user is
determined correctly, the amount of sales may be increased by offering the
appropriate products or services. The main aim of our study is an estimation of
genders of the commenters thanks to machine learning techniques by analyzing
the comments of companies posting on Facebook. As a result of the study the
genders of the commenters were labelled according to the names by collecting
the comments from Facebook. The data set is divided into training and test data
as 70-30%. As a result of the study, it was seen that machine learning methods
predicted with similar accuracy rates, while the highest accuracy rate (74.13%)
was obtained by logistic regression method.
Nivel de madurez de los procesos de la gestión de servicios en base a bpm
Authors: Cruz Joseph , Lévano Daniel
Published: October 2019

Las empresas, a nivel global, tienden a una mayor dependencia de las Tecnologías de la Información (TI), no solo para el mantenimiento operativo de las instancias de la organización, sino también para el aumento de valor a la empresa por medio de la explotación de datos y sobre todo bajo el análisis y optimización de sus procesos. La metodología Business Process Management (BPM), al combinarlas con las buenas prácticas propuestas por Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), permite la posibilidad de aumentar el valor de la entidad por medio de la mejora y adaptación de los procesos desde una perspectiva más ágil, auto- matizada y robusta con la capacidad de adaptación al cambio, permitiendo a las organizaciones orientar sus procesos al cliente.
¿epistemología bíblica para la investigación adventista? una propuesta de trabajo
Authors: Canale Fernando
Published: October 2019

Desde la creación de las primeras universidades adventistas a inicios de la segunda mitad del siglo veinte, la Iglesia Adventista del Séptimo Día ha participado en la investigación científica en varias disciplinas académicas seculares y teológicas que involucran el uso de metodología y razón humana. Debido a que normalmente, los investigadores seleccionan y usan metodologías basándose en el actual consenso de sus disciplinas académicas, y asumimos que eruditos adventistas hacen lo mis- mo. Rara vez los científicos se dan tiempo de analizar, evaluar y criticar las herra- mientas intelectuales que usan. Este estudio aborda la necesidad de implementar una epistemología bíblica para desarrollar investigaciones con perfil adventista.
Parentalidad y autoestima de los hijos: una revisión sobre la importancia del fortalecimiento familiar para el desarrollo infantil positivo
Authors: Vargas Rubilar Jael Alejandra , Oros Laura Beatriz
Published: October 2019

La autoestima positiva promueve la salud y protege de la disfuncionalidad, emergiendo como un importante factor de resiliencia. Su desarrollo, desde edades tempranas, favorece una adaptación funcional al medio y previene el disconfort emocional a largo plazo. Dado que la literatura afirma que la familia es una pieza clave para la génesis de la autoestima infantil, el presente trabajo reseñará algunas condiciones familiares que pueden afectar la valoración personal de los hijos, remarcando la necesidad de diseñar abordajes psicosociales para propiciar ambientes familiares salugénicos, optimizando las competencias parentales y fortaleciendo el vínculo afectivo parento-filial.
El Currículo en una Universidad Adventista
Authors: De Korniejczuk Raquel B.
Published: October 2019

Se muestra la necesidad de un currículo en una institución adventista donde los estudiantes al concluir sus estudios tengan una cosmovisión cristiana de su vida y profesión. Se presenta los elementos de un currículo desde la perspectiva de la educación adventista; los elementos esenciales de la educación adventista concluyendo que el currículo de una institución es clave en el cumplimiento de este propósito porque cada una de las experiencias de aprendizaje por las que pasa un estudiante hacen un impacto que, en su conjunto, determinan el futuro de un profesional en cuanto a cómo ve su profesión, su fe, su familia y su misión.
Depresión y características demográficas asociados en estudiantes y líderes universitarios de lima metropolitana
Authors: Carranza Esteban Renzo Felipe
Published: October 2019

En años pasados la depresión era considerada como un signo, síntoma o síndrome; en la actualidad es una enfermedad como cualquier otra que ataca sin hacer distinciones de edad, sexo, estado civil, nivel socioeconómico. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de depresión en los alumnos universitarios de Lima Metropolitana. Se tomó una muestra de 2005 sujetos de ambos sexos, entre 16 y 36 años. Se utilizó un diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo. Instrumentos: Inventario de depresión de Beck Adaptado (BDI IIA) por Carranza (2009). Los resultados muestran que existe depresión en los universitarios de Lima Metropolitana; 23.2% presentan un nivel severo de depresión, asimismo un 24.1% un nivel moderado.
Entre el mito y el mate: Competencias médicas y posmodernidad
Authors: Armenteros Cruz Víctor M.
Published: October 2019

A través de los diferentes momentos de la historia, la visualización del médico ha ido variando. En la actualidad, el choque entre la modernidad sólida y la modernidad líquida (posmodernidad) continúa alterando conceptos y valoraciones. Este artículo propone una reflexión, desde una plataforma dialógica, de las cuestiones que se plantean en el momento de la elaboración de competencias médicas frente al impacto de la posmodernidad.
Producción intelectual y visibilidad científica
Authors: Turpo Josué E. , Medina Gerardo E.
Published: October 2019

Una de las dimensiones exigida por las agencias acreditadoras a las universidades es que haya producción de conocimiento. El último informe SIR 2013 (grupo SCImago), muestra que las universidades latinoamericanas se encuentran relegadas en investigación en comparación con las universidades estadounidenses o europeas, al mismo tiempo señala que la investigación en el Perú es deficiente, y más aún en las universidades confesionales. Basándonos en la premisa de que “La ciencia que no se ve, no existe” y que las nuevas normatividades exigen realizar producción intelectual, es necesario analizar la producción científica y su relación con la visibilidad. El presente estudio narra la experiencia de la revista de investigación Apuntes Universitarios y de cómo se ha consolidado como la segunda revista con referato internacional de la Universidad Peruana Unión; al mismo tiempo explica los pasos que la llevaron a estar incluida en los catálogos de revistas más importantes de Latinoamérica.
Los videos secuenciales como estrategia didáctica en el aprendizaje de protocolos clínicos
Authors: Córdova Carranza Luís Eduardo , Barzola Loayza Mary Graciela , Gómez Carrión Christian Esteban
Published: October 2019

En esta investigación experimental, se analiza si con el empleo de los videos secuenciales se obtiene mejores resultados en el aprendizaje de protocolos clínicos, en contraste cuando no se los emplea en el VII ciclo de la Escuela Profesional de Estomatología. Se aplicó un pretest y un postest a dos grupos: experimental y de control. Al grupo experimental se aplicó sesiones con videos secuenciales sobre los protocolos clínicos de Pulpectomía, Pulpotomía y Restauraciones con Resina. La prueba t de student dio como resultado en el pretest, t = -1.92, con 62 grados de libertad, manifestando la No diferencia significativa entre ambos grupos donde p > 0.05. Así mismo, en el postest, la prueba t = 3.649, con 62 grados de libertad, la cual manifiesta una diferencia significativa entre ambos grupos, y p=0.001 < 0.05. Los resultados dejan la evidencia de la eficacia de utilizar material audiovisual como estrategia didáctica en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes del nivel universitario, concluyendo que, en el marco de la presente investigación, el empleo de los videos secuenciales
Desarrollo del capital humano y su impacto en el desempeño de una institución microfinanciera no regulada del Perú
Authors: Guerrero Santos , González Sylvia , Matos Chamorro Alfredo , Picón Ventocilla Edelmira
Published: October 2019

Este estudio analiza la relación existente entre los impulsores del capital humano y el desempeño de una institución microfinanciera no regulada (IMNR) en el Perú, en el 2009. Se realizó un estudio transversal aplicando la encuesta Gestión del Capital Humano (HCM, por sus siglas en inglés) de Bassi y McMurrer (2007), a trabajadores del programa Bancos Comunales de la organización no gubernamental (ONG) ADRA Perú. Los resultados, del análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, mostraron que los impulsores prácticas de liderazgo y capacidad de aprendizaje están relacionados con la sostenibilidad operativa y la productividad de la ejecución del crédito. La variable “Prácticas de liderazgo” está compuesta de cinco factores: comunicación, inclusión, habilidades de supervisión, habilidades ejecutivas y sistemas. La variable “Capacidad de aprendizaje” está compuesta de cinco prácticas, a saber, innovación, capacitación, desarrollo, valor y apoyo, y finalmente sistemas.
Editorial
Authors: Josué Edison Turpo Ch.
Published: October 2019

Editorial
Transferencia morfosintáctica del aimara en el castellano
Authors: Romero Sihuayro Miguel Angel
Published: October 2019

Esta investigación es de enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo, se centró en describir la trasferencia morfosintáctica del aimara en el castellano en los estudiantes del quinto grado de la Institución Educativa Primaria N° 70274 Challapampa – Copani - Yunguyo – Puno, 2017. La muestra la conforman 12 estudiantes del quinto grado sección única, elegidos por tipo de muestreo intencional no probabilístico; para el recojo de datos se aplicó dos fichas: La primera denominada “Ficha de Desempeño de Competencia Lingüística en la Producción de Textos Escritos en Castellano” y la segunda “Ficha de Desempeño de Competencia Lingüística en la Producción de Textos Orales en Castellano”, los datos se analizaron con la técnica de Análisis Contrastivo de Corder. El resultado de la investigación, muestra que el contacto de lenguas que caracteriza al C.P. Challapampa, da lugar a fenómenos de trasferencia lingüística especialmente, en el nivel morfosintáctico donde los estudiantes hacen uso de la estructura morfosintáctica propia del aimara S + O + V para producir textos escritos en castellano, lo cual es incorrecto, puesto que la estructura del castellano es S + V + O; también se evidenció el uso frecuente de expresiones como hemos y taba; además de préstamos lingüísticos del idioma aimara como las expresiones waka, awatiw; por otra parte se aprecia el reemplazo de vocales como la /e/ por la /i/.
Modelo multidireccional para la generación de innovación educativa
Authors: Urcid Puga Rodrigo , Rojas Juan-Carlos
Published: October 2019

El siguiente artículo tiene por objetivo presentar un modelo que refleja la necesidad de innovación educativa que las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) deben considerar al momento de replantear su administración, renovación de planes educativos, perfiles de ingreso y egreso y la colaboración con los diferentes grupos de interés de la industria y sociedad. La metodología de este estudio es cualitativa, y se sustenta en una investigación documentada y de corte transversal. Como resultado, se muestra un modelo que representa los diversos elementos que componen la necesidad y pertinencia de la innovación educativa en las IES. A través del modelo elaborado, se puede comprobar que la innovación educativa es una realidad actual, y que todas las IES deben asumir sus capacidades para darle la importancia y tomar acciones de cambio. Palabras Clave: Política educativa, organización de la universidad, administración educativa, paradigmas en la educación.
Modelo para la mejora del desempeño organizacional a través de las prácticas de la gestión de la calidad, gestión del conocimiento y liderazgo transformacional en una universidad privada
Authors: Coaquira Tuco Carlos Mediver
Published: October 2019

La presente investigación, tuvo la finalidad de validar las relaciones de tipo causal según la propuesta del modelo teórico explicando que la mejora del desempeño organizacional se desarrolla a través de las prácticas de gestión de calidad, gestión del conocimiento y liderazgo transformacional. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra por conveniencia de 222 directivos y docentes de la universidad privada. El diseño de investigación fue considerado como correlacional múltiple con un enfoque transversal. Los datos se analizaron por medio de un sistema de ecuaciones estructurales. Los parámetros obtenidos para valorar la bondad de ajuste del modelo fueron los siguientes: x2 con un valor de 2463.580, x2/gl de 1.582 menor o igual a 3.0, RMSEA de 0.051 menor o igual a .07, GFI de 0.736 mayor o igual a .70, y CFI de .903 mayor o igual a .90, estos índices revelan una muy buena adaptación de la estructura y validación del modelo propuesto, así también todas las relaciones de tipo causal en el modelo (p-valor < 0.05) son estadísticamente significativos. Con esto se afirma que el desarrollo del desempeño organizacional es afectado por las interacciones de las prácticas de gestión de calidad, gestión del conocimiento y liderazgo transformacional.
Caracterización del perfeccionismo disfuncional en la niñez tardía
Authors: Chemisquy Sonia , B. Oros Laura , Ernst Cindy
Published: October 2019

El perfeccionismo disfuncional implica la tendencia a imponerse metas y estándares muy elevados, a preocuparse excesivamente por cometer errores y a evaluar el desempeño de manera muy crítica. Este atributo puede impactar negativamente en el bienestar infantil. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir las manifestaciones del perfeccionismo infantil disfuncional, analizando diferencias en función del género, el grado académico, el tipo de gestión escolar (pública-privada), y el lugar de procedencia. Se realizó una investigación empírica, descriptiva, de corte transversal. Participaron 1067 niños de entre 9 y 12 años de edad, alumnos de escuelas primarias, públicas y privadas, de dos provincias argentinas (Misiones y Entre Ríos). Los resultados del estudio verificaron la presencia del perfeccionismo infantil en esta franja etaria. De las manifestaciones perfeccionistas evaluadas, la que más sobresale es la autorientada, particularmente referida al ámbito escolar. Le siguen en orden de importancia el perfeccionismo socialmente prescrito y el perfeccionismo orientado a otros. El perfil más vulnerable corresponde a varones de 4to año, de escuelas públicas de la provincia de Misiones. Estos resultados revisten importancia al momento de diseñar estrategias orientadas a abordar esta problemática y a prevenir sus consecuencias negativas durante la niñez tardía.
Estudio del rol de los padres de familia en la vida emocional de los hijos
Authors: Guzmán Huayamave Kennya , Bastidas Benavides Brenda , Mendoza Sangacha Mercedes
Published: October 2019

El presente estudio, analiza la importancia del rol de la familia como principal agente socializador que debe favorecer el desarrollo emocional del niño y asegure una identidad personal y social. Por lo que, enseñar en estos espacios, es una tarea compleja que genera ansiedad para que las familias logren cumplir con el rol establecido por la sociedad y sobre todo con la vocación de ser padres. El objetivo de la investigación, es determinar cómo influye el rol de los padres en el comportamiento emocional de los niños de 3 años. La metodología utilizada tiene un enfoque mixto. Para la fundamentación, aborda esencias teóricas de las variables y utiliza técnicas de observación y encuesta. A partir de los resultados, los padres de familia deben favorecer el aprendizaje de las competencias emocionales ya que dejan una huella invaluable para su crecimiento integral.
UZAY VE TIP NEREDEYİZ? NE YAPMALIYIZ?
Authors: EKŞİ İrem Gül , BOZTEPE İrem , KURBAN Deniz , ÖZCAN Leyla , UÇAR İsmail , BİLGİN Kamil Burak , ÖZTÜRK Önder
Published: October 2019

İlk çağlardan
itibaren insanoğlu gökyüzündeki yıldızları merak etmiştir. Teknolojinin
ilerlemesi ile birlikte bu merak daha da artmış ve 20. yüzyılda iki süper gücün
başlattığı uzay çalışmalarına birçok ülkenin katılmasıyla ortak çalışmalar
yürütülmeye başlanmıştır.  Uzaydaki
faaliyetlerin artması ve bununla ilgili sorunların oluşması, bu sorunların çözümlenebilmesi
için de kendisine özgün bir hukukun ve politikanın oluşmasına ihtiyaç
duyulmuştur. Ne yazık ki ülkemiz uzay ile ilgili çalışmalara geç kalmış olsa
bile, günümüzde yapılan bazı çalışmalarla bu açığı kapatmaya çalışmaktadır.
Fakat bu süreç nasıl yürütülmeli, hangi alanlara öncelik verilmeli, ülkemize
ait nasıl bir uzay politikası olmalıdır? 
Bu makalede ülkelerin uzay politikaları ve çalışmaları incelenirken,
uzay tıbbının gelişimi de araştırılarak, ülkemizin uzay politikasında ve uzay
çalışmalarında hangi alanlara önceliğin verilmesi gerektiği irdelenmiştir.
Protocol - Telbivudine on IgG-associated Hypergammaglobulinemia and TGF-β1 Hyperactivity in Hepatitis B Virus-related Liver Cirrhosis v1
Authors: Ho Cheng-Hsun
Published: October 2019

This protocol include experimental procedures of ELISA, cell culture and treatment, and analysis of IgG-Fc N-glycans
Current view on nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Sokolov E. A. , Veliev E. I. , Veliev R. A.
Published: October 2019

More than 35 years since the first deliberate nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy, this technique remains one of the main methods of treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer. Further study of operative anatomy of the lower pelvis and development of surgical technique facilitated evolution of approaches to nerve sparing. This review is dedicated to analysis of current approaches to preservation of neurovascular bundles in radical prostatectomy allowing to optimize functional results of surgical treatment of prostate cancer.
Linitis plastikadan ne zaman şüphe edilmeli? Ne kadar şüphe edilmeli?
Authors: AKPINAR Muhammet Yener , PİRİNÇÇİ SAPMAZ Ferdane , EROĞLU Merve Nurevşan , KAHRAMANOĞLU AKSOY Evrim , ŞİMŞEK Gülçin Güler , UZMAN Metin , NAZLIGÜL Yaşar
Published: October 2019

Giriş ve Amaç: Linitis plastika, diffüz infiltratif mide kanseri olup kötü prognoza sahiptir. Endoskopik olarak spesifik bir bulgusu olmadığı için tanınması güçtür. Endoskopik olarak şüphe edilse bile biyopsi ile tanı koymak da zor olabilir. Biz burada kliniğimizde linitis plastika tanısı konulan olgularımızı endoskopik özellikleri ile beraber paylaştık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma retrospektif olarak Keçiören Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Gastroenteroloji Kliniğinde 2009-2019 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Endoskopilerinde linitis plastika ön tanısı olan olgular bu tarihler arasında toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Toplam 28 hastadan linitis plastika ön tanısı ile biyopsi alınmış, bu olguların 5 tanesinde linitis plastika tanısı konulmuştur. Linitis plastika olan olguların hepsinde endoskopik olarak mide ekspansiyonunda kısıtlılık, gastrik foldlarda belirginleşme, mukozal erozyon ve ülserler vardı. Sonuç: Linitis plastik için belirtilmiş tipik bir endoskopik bulgu olmayıp mide ekspansiyonunda kısıtlılık ve gastrik foldlarda belirginleşme olan olgularda klinik şüphenin yüksek olması gerekir. İlk biyopsilerde linitis plastika tanısının konulmaması da sürpriz olmamalıdır.
Modelado numérico de las oscilaciones frontales y ocurrencia de formación de diques de hielo del Glaciar Perito Moreno, Campo de Hielo Patagónico Sur
Authors: Lannutti E. , Lenzano M.G. , Durand M. , Lo Vecchio A. , Moragues S. , Lenzano L.
Published: October 2019

En el presente estudio, se aborda el diseño y desarrollo de un modelo numérico computacional del comportamiento del ciclo oscilatorio estacional de avance y retroceso del glaciar Perito Moreno, denominado MO-ACAR. Dentro de su comportamiento oscilatorio, en algunos años el glaciar avanza y alcanza la Península de Magallanes formando un dique de hielo. Por ello, el objetivo del MO-ACAR es simular la posición frontal diaria del glaciar y la ocurrencia de eventos de formación de los diques de hielo durante el periodo 1994-2018. El modelo fue calibrado y validado a partir de un proceso de optimización iterativo, basado en la maximización de valores de correlación y minimización de errores de distancia. La simulación de la ocurrencia de la formación de diques de hielo y la oscilación de la posición frontal lograron altas prestaciones, alcanzando óptimos valores de correlación (0,99) y bajos errores de posición (9,56 ± 13,94 m), respectivamente. Los resultados demuestran que la dinámica del glaciar y la formación de los diques de hielo responden a distintas escalas temporales. En periodos cortos-intermedios de tiempo (escalas diarias-estacionales), la ocurrencia depende tanto de las características propias del evento, como de la fase e intensidad del evento previo. En periodos prolongados (escalas mayores a un año), la modulación de baja frecuencia de la velocidad del flujo de hielo, provocada por las variaciones de temperatura del aire, controla los periodos con formación de diques de hielo y libres de éstos.
Clinical and experimental substantiation of the effect of hypoxia on the wall of the small and large intestine in newborns
Authors: Karpova Irina Yuryevna , Parshikov Vyacheslav Vladimirovich , Prodanets Natalia Nikolaevna , Solovieva Tatyana Ivanovna , Pyatova Evgenia Dmitrievna , Molchanova Darya Vasilievna , Bebenina Anastasia Alexandrovna
Published: October 2019

Based on the analysis of morphological and morphometric data, the clinical and experimental results of the effect of hypoxia on the wall of the small and large intestine in newborns are presented. The clinical part is based on the study of 58 case histories of patients with necrotizing enterocolitis, which the operating material (resected sections of the small intestine, large intestine) was studied in detail. The experimental work included the modeling of chronic hypobaric hypoxia in different trimesters of pregnancy in 4 groups of white rats (24 females). The offspring was taken out of the experiment at 4-5 days after birth, followed by collection of the small and large intestine areas to study histoarchitectonics. It is proved that hypoxia affects the number of newborn offspring, its weight. The small intestine is most vulnerable to the effect of this factor. Analysis of the morphological and morphometric picture of the operating and experimental material convincingly proves that under the influence of hypoxia the destruction of the intestinal mucosa occurs and the growth of the connective tissue component in the muscle layer occurs.
Changes from the microcirculation of blood and lymph provoke the development of pre-ulcerative, ulcerative defects and the formation of necrosis. Disturbance of the drainage function promotes the spread of destruction in the intestinal wall.
Optimization of Surgical Treatment of Cholelithiasis and its Complications in Patients with High Operative-Anesthesiological Risk
Authors: Nazarenko Pyotr Mikhaylovich , Nazarenko Dmitry Petrovich , Polyansky Maxim Borisovich , Kvachakhiya Levan Lorikovich , Maslova Yana Vladimirovna , Kanishchev Yuriy Vasil'yevich
Published: October 2019

The ratio of the prevalence of the gallstone disease (GSD) in the elderly and senile age groups compared with young and middle-aged patients can reach 3:4. The main complication of the GSD is acute cholecystitis, which is observed in more than 90% of patients. However, the most dangerous complication is considered to be obstructive choledocholithiasis, which leads to the development of mechanical jaundice and cholangitis in 10 - 35% of cases.

The aim of the researchwas to propose an algorithm for the treatment of the GSD complicated by acute cholecystitis and obstructive choledocholithiasis in elderly and senile patients with severe concomitant pathology.

Methods.The study is based on the analysis of the results of examination and treatment of 47 patients with GSD complicated by acute calculous cholecystitis and obstructive choledocholithiasis. All patients were divided into 3 groups. The first group included 17 patients in whom, in addition to acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis with concretion infringement in the BSDK was detected. The second group included 24 patients in whom, in addition to acute cholecystitis, obstructive choledocholithiasis and cholangitis were diagnosed. The third group included 6 patients in whom for some reason choledocholithiasis was not diagnosed at the first stage or it occurred later as a complication of cholecystostomy.

Results.For patients of the first group the endoscopic papillosphincterotomy on stone was performed followed by cholangiography to find out the status of the bile ducts. Patients of the second underwent percutaneous transhepatic choledochostomy at the first stage. Patients of the third group were injected a Foley catheter into the cavity of the gallbladder through the cholecystostomy opening and the cavity of the gallbladder was sealed. Saline solution was injected into the lumen of the gallbladder and its ducts under the pressure of 250 mm. aq. art. This led to the dilatation of the lumen of the bile ducts.

Conclusions.The proposed algorithm allows radical treatment of the GSD complicated by choledocholithiasis and cholangitis. The differentiated approach to the transpapillary solution of choledocholithiasis allows to minimize the risk of post-manipulation pancreatitis. AAPST allows to cure choledocholithiasis when endoscopic papillosphincterotomy is dangerous or not feasible.
Acute necrotising pancreatitis - causes of deaths: single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Mizgirev Denis Vladimirovich , Kremlev Valeriy Vladimirovich , Neledova Lyudmila Aleksandrovna , Pozdeev Victor Nikolaevich , Katysheva Anastasiya Andriyanovna , Duberman Boris Lvovich
Published: October 2019

Relevance. There is a discussion about the prevalence of early or late mortality and the main causes of death in different phases of acute pancreatitis. Analysis of mortality is important for the determination of ways to improve the results of treatment of pancreatic necrosis.
Aim of the research is analysis of the structure, timing characteristics and causes of deaths in pancreatic necrosis, the effect of the configuration of parapancreatitis and surgical tactics on the outcome of the disease.
Materials and methods. Retrospective single-center study of lethal outcomes in acute pancreatitis was performed, the structure of mortality, cases of discrepancies in diagnoses, the timing of the onset and causes of deaths of patients were studied. The lethal outcomes were compared in the operated patients, the frequency of the mesentery root involvement, the indications and the timing of the interventions were assessed.
Results. The ratio of early and late mortality was 45,2% to 54,8%, respectively. The main causes of early mortality – endotoxin shock and multi-organ failure, late one – infectious complications. In 9,6% of the patients, the diagnosis was made only with an autopsy. The prognostic value of the SOFA and SAPS II scales is characterized as low. The tactics of surgical treatment has changed in favour of minimally invasive surgery. The average conversion time for ineffective percutaneous procedures was 21,4 days. The involvement of mesentery in parapancreatitis was often accompanied by a breakthrough of the abscess into the abdominal cavity.
Conclusion. The surgical component of the reduction in mortality is the rejection of unreasonable surgical interventions, the earlier conversion to "traditional" operations in case of ineffective minimally invasive treatment and the allocation of "central" localization of parapancreatitis as a serious prognostic factor of the course of severe pancreatitis.
Ivan guryevich Rufanov - academician of AMS of the USSR (to the 135th of birthday)
Authors: Andreev Alexeevich Alexander , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich
Published: October 2019

Иван Гурьевич Руфанов родился в 1884 г. в Переславле-Залесском. Окончил приходское училище, затем Владимирскую духовную семинарию и медицинский факультет Московского университета. В начале Первой мировой войны добровольно ушел на фронт и служил в Красной Армии до 1923 г. После работал ассистентом госпитальной хирургической клиники Московского университета. В 1930 г. Иван Гурьевич возглавил кафедру общей хирургии, стал деканом и заместителем директора II Московского медицинского института, а с 1938 г. – заместителем начальника Главного управления медицинскими учебными заведениями. С 1942 г. он работал директором кафедры общей хирургии 1-ого Московского ордена Ленина и ордена Трудового Красного Знамени медицинский институт имени И.М. Сеченова. В 1943 году И.Г. Руфанов впервые в СССР начал применять пенициллин, изучал лечение ран, сепсиса, кокситов, ранений живота и таза, изучал заболевания желчных путей и поджелудоч­ной железы, кишечной непроходимости, защитные функции организма, желудочную секрецию при гнойных воспалительных процессах, травмах черепа, после операций на желудке и обширных резекциях кишечника. Большой заслугой Ивана Гурьевича является создание учебника по общей хирургии. И.Г. Руфанов во время Великой Отечественной войны являлся главным хирургом Управления эвакогоспиталей Наркомздрава СССР, заместителем редактора журнала «Госпитальное дело», в течение ряда лет возглавлял Ученый медицинский совет Министерства здравоохранения СССР, состоял членом экспертной комиссии ВАК, членом правления Хирургического общества Москвы и Московской области, заместителем председателя Всесоюзного общества хирургов, членом редакционной коллегии журнала «Клиническая медицина». В 1940 году Ивану Гурьевичу присвоено звание Заслуженного деятеля науки, в 1944 г. – действительного члена Академии медицинских наук СССР. Под руководством Руфанова защищено 12 докторских и более 30 кандидатских диссертаций. Он автор 4 монографий и свыше 150 научных работ. Правительство высоко оценило заслуги Ивана Гурьевича, наградив его двумя орденами Ленина и орденом Трудового Красного Знамени, а также рядом медалей. Умер Иван Гурьевич Руфанов в 1964 году и был похоронен на Новодевичьем кладбище.
Harvey Williams Cushing - founder of anesthetic monitoring, pioneer of neurosurgery (to the 150th of birthday
Authors: Alexeevich Andreev Alexander , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich
Published: October 2019

Harvey Williams Cushing (1869–1939) graduated from Yale College and Harvard Medical School, and worked at the Massachusetts General Hospital of Boston. He created the first anesthesia card, introduced the term “regional anesthesia” into medical practice, described the Cushing triad, and in 1901, the second in the world, performed a successful operation on the pituitary gland for acromegaly. In 1910, he accepted the offer to become the head of the department of surgery at Harvard Medical School and the chief surgeon at Peter Benton Brigham Hospital, located on the campus. In 1933, Cushing moved to Yale, where from 1933 to 1937. was a professor of neurology. In the US, Harvey Williams Cushing is honored as a pioneer of neurosurgery and the greatest neurosurgeon in world history. Cushing developed and improved the technique of many neurosurgical operations, proved the right to the very existence of intracranial surgery as a separate medical specialty. In 1939, he was honored to become an Honorary Member of the Royal Medical College in London. Harvey Williams Cushing died on October 7, 1939 from myocardial infarction. He was awarded honorary degrees in nine American and thirteen European universities; several state orders and medals; as well as many different awards and prizes. Harvey Williams Cushing was a member of the American Philosophical Society, the National Academy of Natural Sciences, and the American Academy of Humanities and Natural Sciences, a foreign member of the Royal Society of London, and also an honorary member of about seventy medical, surgical, and scientific communities in Europe, USA, South America and india.
Unresolved issues of treatment of the early phase of acute destructive pancreatitis
Authors: Kulikov Dmitrii Viktorovich , Korolkov Andrey Yurievich , Morozov Victor Petrovich , Vaganov Alexey Alexandrovich
Published: October 2019

The article presents a review and analysis of modern conceptions about the course of acute destructive pancreatitis, according to national and international recommendations. The problematic and perspective questions of treatment of this pathology are highlighted. The key directions of treatment of acute destructive pancreatitis are determined, according to the authors, requiring additional development.
Photodynamic therapy
Authors: Sazhnev Dmitrii Igorevich , Andreev Alexandr Alexeevich , Glukhov Alexandr Anatol'evich
Published: October 2019

The article presents data on the high-tech method of treatment-photodynamic therapy (PDT). An overview of the history of the use of photochemical reaction in the treatment of patients is given. The mechanisms of therapeutic action of PDT, the advantages of the method in comparison with other methods of antimicrobial action are described in detail; the indications and contraindications for this method of treatment are given. The article lists used for PDT photosensitizers of different generations and laser devices capable of emitting laser radiation of the required wavelength. The overview contains information about the efficiency of the method of PDT with certain diseases. Based on the literature review, it is concluded that PDT is a modern and promising method of treatment that can significantly improve the quality of care for patients with various diseases, which are based on cell proliferation.
The proven effectiveness of the method of photodynamic therapy and its advantage over other antimicrobial treatments demonstrate the relevance of its wider introduction into clinical practice.
Vladimir Nikolaevich DEREVENKO - Russian and Soviet surgeon, doctor of medicine, Professor, honorary life surgeon
(to the 140th of birthday)
Authors: Andreev Alexandr Alekseevich , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich
Published: October 2019

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Henri Marie Rene Leriche – a French surgeon and physiologist, member of the Paris Academy of Sciences
(to the 140th of birthday)
Authors: Alexeevich Andreev Alexander , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich
Published: October 2019

Rene Lerish was born in 1879, graduated from the Maristes School. In 1893 he received a bachelor's degree in rhetoric. In the years 1899-1900 Lerish served military service. In 1902, after graduating from the Faculty of Medicine in Lyon, he worked as an external student. In 1906, Lerish wrote a doctoral thesis on gastric resection for cancer. In the First World War, Lerish was at the front, where, among other things, he headed the school for the improvement of military field surgeons, wrote a number of works on the treatment of fractures, suggested organizing a center for vascular surgery. After the war, Leriche worked in Lyon until 1924, when he received the department of clinical surgery at the University of Strasbourg. In 1937, he took the place of professor at the College de France. Rene Leriche investigated the problem of pain, studied the sympathetic nervous system, including. Leriche developed access to the parathyroid glands, methods of resection of the stomach and treatment of trophic ulcers with varicose veins, periarterial sympathectomy (1913), operations for endarteritis obliterans and post-thrombophlebitic syndrome, described the syndrome of Leriche and proposed a method for its treatment. His work has also been devoted to problems of orthopedics, surgical endocrinology and anesthesiology. Leriche was the author of the concept, which called for restoring not so much the structure, but the function of the affected organ. Returning to Lyon in 1940, he resigned from the post of Minister of Health and until 1952 worked at the Center for Vascular Surgery in Lyon. He was the founder and first president of the European Society of Cardiovascular Surgeons. In 1955, Rene Lerish died. He published about 1,200 scientific papers, including 21 monographs. Leriche was a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences (1945), the National Academy of Medicine and the Academy of Surgery of France (1946), received the title of honorary doctor of thirty foreign universities. In 1958 in France a postage stamp was issued with his name and a portrait on it.
TEACHER’S COMPETITIVENESS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: F. Zeer Ewald , S. Tretyakova Vera , A. Kurochina Irina , D. Bukovei Tatyana , V. Beresneva Tatyana
Published: October 2019

Purpose of the study: The research is aimed at determination of the competitiveness level of teachers with different experience in pedagogy and different level of education, and at establishing of a connection between content components of competitiveness and full teacher’s self-realization in his/her professional activity. Methodology: The main methods include experimental research which allows comprehensive analysis of the issue of pre-school teachers competitiveness improvement; theoretical and methodological analysis of the subject and the problem of the research that is based on the studying of scientific literature and its logical compilation; empirical methods (analyses of documents, testing), plus mathematical-statistical and interpretative methods. Results: The article presents the empirical research of the competitiveness of pre-school teachers and the system for improvement of their competitiveness. The adequacy of psycho-diagnostic methodologies for research of competitiveness levels of pre-school teachers is proved, the interconnection between the competitiveness level of teachers and various experiences of pedagogical activity and the level of education is established. Applications of this study: The results of the study will be useful for developing educational strategies in the preschool education system, they can help pre-school education leaders creating social-psychological-pedagogical conditions for the effective interaction of all subjects of the educational process as well as for the full realization of the individual in the modern educational process and improving individual efficiency. Novelty/Originality of this study: The results of the empirical study show that the applied set of psychodiagnostic methods turned out to be reliable and valid tools that ensured the goals achievement: the level of competitiveness of teachers with different lengths of pedagogical activity and level of education was determined, the relationship between the content components of competitiveness and full self-realization of a teacher in professional activities was determined based on prioritizing social and psycho-pedagogical characteristics of the person.
ISLAMIC POLITICAL PARTIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: THE ORIGIN AND POLITICAL PROBLEMS
Authors: Isa Harahap Husnul
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The objective of the study was to describe factors that influenced the establishment of the Islamic political parties and its political problems in South East Asia.

Methodology: The research methodology used in the present research study is a literature study method with qualitative analysis. The data obtained from documents and books which were studied by online and offline. The gathered data analysed by using political theories. One of them was the analysis of the emergence of Islamic political parties.

Main Findings: The study had two main findings. First, there were six factors which influenced the establishment of Islamic political parties, that is the demography, political system, political ideology, contagion, international political economy, and political competition. Secondly, there were four problems faced by Islamic political parties in winning the political contest, especially in the general election. The first problem was the division of local cultural identity, followed by the unfavorable situation for Islamic political parties, political ideology, and the quality of Islamic political parties themselves.

Implications: It had a theoretical implication on the harmony between Islam and democracy, the emergence of Islamic political parties, and the problems. It revealed that there was no problem between the existence of Islamic political parties and democracy.

Novelty: When the secular political party lost public trust, the voters did not automatically shift their political votes to the Islamic political parties.
A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY ON ACCOUNTABILITY OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PRACTICES IN OMAN LNG AND OMIFCO AT SUR CITY IN OMAN
Authors: Al Salmi Hilal , Khan Firdouse Rahman
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The objective of the study is to familiarise policymakers and practitioners in both the companies in their achievements of CSR projects and specialization by comparing Corporate Social Responsibility Practices (CSR) in Oman Liquefied Natural Gas Company LLC (Oman LNG) and Oman India Fertilizer Company (OMIFCO). Design /methodology/approach: A questionnaire survey was adopted and the details of the companies’ business CSR approaches, CSR projects, measurements of CSR projects, disclosure, and challenges, in the long run, were obtained from the CSR experts in the companies. Further, secondary data was also collected from the companies’ websites, annual reports, and CSR bulletins. Findings: The results of the study indicate that both the companies contribute to society in a positive way as they are accountable to implement CSR as they are the main players in Sur. Both the companies, value developing a practical CSR strategy in their business model concerning customers, stakeholders, contractors, and suppliers, more importantly, the society. However, there is no systematic approach and assessment approach to the level of impact on their CSR projects. Research Limitations / Implications: It is suggested that there is a need to establish a formal mean of dialogue between both the companies and the rest of the stakeholders in order to harmonize CSR projects so that replication of projects can be avoided. To achieve harmony of CSR projects, it is necessary to unite and share the best practices and innovative initiatives of CSR, through the development of a guide to familiarise the CSR concepts along with the tools and methodologies. Practical Implications: It can be seen that setting measurable goals, techniques, sustainability issue mapping, sustainability management system, life cycle assessment and CSR reporting are the significant gaps in the CSR approach of both the companies and the model practices should prescribe the same. Originality/value: This is the first-hand study of its kind as there is no comparative study of O&G companies has been done.
Ethical Underpinning and Implications of “Nootropic” Concept
Authors: Rudra Pranab
Published: October 2019

The current generation paving the path for new research marks a milestone to attain the ancient goal of improving our cognition. To date, increased prevalence of cognitive enhancers by healthy people has raised the scientific community’s attention as well as media coverage. In particular, nootropics such as piracetam promise to offer modest improvements in cognitive performance. The long-lasting impetus of this “holistic enhancer” convinced scientists as well as ethicists to discuss its potential ethical implications and future directions. Moreover, there are discrepancies in the concept of a true nootropic between pharmacology and contemporary public culture. Here, I review the ethical aspects of nootropics raised by its potential use in cognition enhancement and substantiate the epistemological commentary on the concept of nootropic.
Od redaktorki: Badania biograficzne – metoda, etyka, praktyka
Authors: Kaźmierska Kaja
Published: October 2019

Współczesny styl uprawiania nauki, zdominowany na przykład przez działania projektowe i oczekiwania szybkich i wymiernych rezultatów, ogranicza przestrzeń (w wymiarze czasowym i relacyjnym) do dyskusji, refleksji i wymiany doświadczeń w odniesieniu do zagadnień teoretycznych, etycznych i doświadczeń badawczych. Zawarte w tym tomie teksty są z jednej strony efektem zbudowania takiej przestrzeni i spotkań służących debacie nad współczesnym stanem badań biograficznych, z drugiej strony przedstawione w nich stanowiska autorów zachęcają do podjęcia takiej dyskusji.
Po co nam „stare wywiady”? O ponownym wykorzystaniu danych z badań jakościowych (rewizytach, reanalizach i nie tylko)
Authors: Karkowska Marta , Bielińska Magdalena
Published: October 2019

W artykule zostały poruszone kwestie związane z możliwościami ponownego wykorzystania danych pochodzących z zakończonych już i zarchiwizowanych badań jakościowych. Odwołując się do doświadczeń związanych z tworzeniem Archiwum Danych Jakościowych, ale także doświadczeń innych, podobnych instytucji działających w Polsce, autorki wskazują na przyczyny, cele, ale też efekty gromadzenia oraz pożytkowania tego rodzaju materiałów. W dalszej części tekstu podejmują próbę uporządkowania i wyjaśnienia pojęć stosowanych przez badaczy pracujących nad „starymi danymi”, a także omawiają ich propozycje prac nad tego rodzaju zasobami. Bazując na praktykach badaczy anglosaskich, wyodrębniają przy tym z szerokiej kategorii „ponownego wykorzystania” danych (re-use) pojęcie reanalizy (re-analysis) jako specjalnego rodzaju powrotu do „starych danych”, a także pojęcie rewizyty (re-visit, revisit), służące opisaniu ponownego spotkania badawczego z „podmiotami” czy „obiektami” badań społecznych. Omawiają również pożytki płynące z tego typu działań, w tym możliwości zastosowania zgromadzonych wcześniej zasobów w procesie dydaktycznym. Na koniec, odwołując się do wybranych przykładów, wskazują na efekty dzielenia się danymi, wykorzystywanymi często w zupełnie nowych celach i w odmienny sposób niż zakładali to pierwotnie autorzy badań.