bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A modulating circle reduces listening effort and improves spoken word recognition in older adults
Authors: Brown Violet Aurora , Strand Julia Feld , Van Engen Kristin J.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. Perceiving spoken language in noise can be a cognitively demanding task, particularly for older adults and those with hearing impairment. The current research assessed whether an abstract visual stimulus—a circle that modulates with the acoustic amplitude envelope of the speech—can affect speech processing in older adults. We hypothesized that, in line with recent research on younger adults, the circle would reduce listening effort during a word identification task. Given that older adults have slower processing speeds and poorer auditory temporal sensitivity than young adults, we expected that the abstract visual stimulus may have additional benefits for older adults, as it provides another source of information to compensate for limitations in auditory processing. Thus, we further hypothesized that, in contrast to the results from research on young adults, the circle would also improve word identification in noise for older adults.Design. Sixty-five older adults ages 65 to 83 (M = 71.11; SD = 4.01) with age-appropriate hearing completed four blocks of trials: two blocks (one with the modulating circle, one without) with a word identification task in two-talker babble, followed by two more word identification blocks that also included a simultaneous dual-task paradigm to assess listening effort.Results. Relative to an audio-only condition, the presence of the modulating circle substantially reduced listening effort (as indicated by faster responses to the secondary task in the dual-task paradigm) and also moderately improved spoken word intelligibility. Conclusions. Seeing the face of the talker substantially improves spoken word identification, but this is the first demonstration that another form of visual input—an abstract modulating circle—can also provide modest intelligibility benefits and substantial reductions in listening effort. These findings could have clinical or practical applications, as the modulating circle can be generated in real time to accompany speech in noisy situations, thereby improving speech intelligibility and reducing effort or fatigue for individuals who may have particular difficulty recognizing speech in background noise.
Price discrimination in informal labor markets in Bogotá: An audit experiment during the 2018 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Zamora Paula , Mantilla Cesar , Blanco Mariana
Published: July 2019

We conducted an audit experiment to examine whether street vendors in Bogotá (Colombia) exert price discrimination based on buyers' attributes, such as gender and nationality; and based on product characteristics, such as the increasing marginal valuation of items needed to complete a collection. We exploited the seasonal demand for album stickers related to the FIFA World Cup Russia 2018. In our within-subjects design, experimenters carried out in-person audits and quoted a pre-determined list of missing stickers. They interacted with 59 sticker vendors located in five geographic clusters. We find that prices quoted to foreign buyers are higher than prices quoted to Colombian buyers. By contrast, we do not find evidence supporting direct gender-based discrimination, neither that vendors charge a higher price per sticker when the list of missing stickers is shorter. We complement the study with a qualitative analysis based on interviews that reveal vendors' pricing strategies, their awareness of price discrimination, and the trade of counterfeits.
Why Do States Develop Multi-tier Emigrant Policies? Evidence from Egypt
Authors: Tsourapas Gerasimos
Published: July 2019

Why do states vary their policies towards their citizens abroad, and why are some emigrant groups treated preferentially to others? The literature on the politics of international migration has yet to explore this as a separate field of inquiry, assuming that states adopt a single policy that encourages, sustains or prevents emigration abroad. Yet, in the case of Egypt, the state developed a multi-tiered policy that distinctly favoured specific communities abroad over others. I hypothesise that policy differentiation is based upon the perceived utility of the emigrant group remaining abroad versus the utility of its return. This utility is determined by two factors: the sending state’s domestic political economy priorities and its foreign policy objectives.
Human Capital as the Main Determinant of Digital Divide: An Analysis of Technological Inequality in Countries Surveyed by the AsiaBarometer 2006
Authors: Kolpashnikova Kamila
Published: July 2019

This paper focuses on the analysis of the digital divide within countries and regions surveyed in the Asia Barometer 2006 database, particularly in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam. The research constructs a model based on the available data from the database, which consists of eight independent variables, including access to fixed lines and mobile phones, household income, educational level, English language proficiency, gender, marital status, and age. Those variables are regressed against one dependent variable which represents an index of the Internet use. The OLS multivariate regression shows that the most important determinants of ICT usage are educational level, English proficiency, and age. In contradiction with previous works and findings, household income appeared to be not a strong determinant of the digital divide in 2006.
Self care among Health Professionals
Authors: Shakya Dhana Ratna
Published: July 2019

Not available.
Complications of Thyroid Surgery & Their Risk Factors: A Prospective Study at a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Panthi Niranjan , Chettri S T , Shah S P , Poudel D , Manandhar S , Acharya K
Published: July 2019

Background: Thyroid surgery is one of the commonest surgeries performed by otolaryngologists. Currently, the main postoperative complications are hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy. Extent of surgery, lack of identification of RLN/ parathyroid glands, malignancy, central compartment neck dissection, lateral neck dissection, previous surgery and size of goiter are the risk factors for complications. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of postoperative complications after thyroid surgery and to analyze the risk factors of complications.

Methods: It was a prospective study of 45 patients undergoing thyroid surgery in eastern Nepal from March 2014 to September 2015. The postoperative complications and the risk factors associated with these complications were evaluated.

Results: There were total of 45 cases of thyroid surgery, with the mean age of 39.04 years. The main postoperative complications were: hypocalcaemia (6 or 13.33% cases) and vocal cord palsy due to recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (5 or 11.11% cases). Temporary hypocalcaemia was observed in 3(6.67%) cases while permanent hypocalcaemia developed in other 3 (6.67%) cases. Similarly, the temporary and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in 3 (6.67%) cases and 2 (4.44%)cases respectively. The risk factors associated with hypocalcaemia were: malignancy, repeat operation, central compartment neck dissection and non-identification of parathyroid glands during surgery. Similarly, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was observed in cases of malignancy and central compartment neck dissection.

Conclusion: The major postoperative complications of thyroid surgery were hypocalcaemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Malignancy and central compartment neck dissection had effect on incidence of complications. Sound knowledge of anatomy and meticulous surgical technique are needed to reduce the incidence of complications.
Understanding of ‘Equality, Justice and Equity’ among First Year Undergraduate Students of BPKIHS
Authors: Sharma Sumit , Shakya D R , Adhikari S , Chetri V A , Singh R R
Published: July 2019

Background: Understanding of ‘Equality, Justice and Equity’ at the beginning of medical education will have a great bearing in future career.

Objectives: To assess understanding of ‘Equality, Justice and Equity’ among the first year undergraduate students of BPKIHS who were in the beginning of health science/ medical education

Methods: This is an academic institute based study carried out among the first year undergraduate students (BSc.- Nursing, BSc.- Allied, BDS and MBBS) of BPKIHS, based on convenient sampling. This included the responses of 181 subjects giving written informed consent. The ‘semi-structured proforma’ and the pretested ‘Bioethics Awareness, Knowledge and Attitude’ questionnaire were used to collect the responses.

Results: We had 55% female subjects, more from urban settings (65%). Many students were aware about Bioethics and willing to be a part of Bioethics group. Half of the participants felt the need to discuss their patients’ information with their colleagues. More of them (38%) were not sure not about charging more for service on the rich to compensate for the poor while one fifth (22%) favored and one fifth (20%) disagreed. Most of the participants believed that patient’s wishes should always be adhered to. A few respondent students (4%) also believed that doctors and nurses should refuse to treat violent patients. Majority of the participants had heard of taking informed consent and agreed unentertaining patient’s questions during their posting.

Conclusion: There should be various modes of enhancing the teaching learning opportunities for the medical students to learn about ethics and ethical principles including ‘Equality, Justice and Equity ‘and to enhance their positive view.
Ayat Toleransi Dalam Al-qur’an; Tinjauan Tafsir Al-Qurthubi
Authors: Bariyah Mufidatul Bariyah
Published: July 2019

Embodies the Attitude of religious tolerance in Indonesia is not by way of saying that all religions that exist in the community is the same, because in fact we can see, every religion is different, although it has some aspects in common. For example in the case of the core teachings that together teach kindness to its adherents. The tolerant attitude that must be applied in Indonesia is a necessity of society in accepting the existence of differences that is certainly on the everyday life with open arms. The reception of this kind is not a union arbitrarily to all religions, but as an effort to cultivate and develop an attitude of mutual acceptance in the form of respect for all the differences that exist in the community. According to the teachings of Islam, tolerance is not only in the middle against fellow human beings, but also against god's creation that other, better for the environment, the universe, and the beast, the manifestation of religious tolerance can be interpreted as an attitude of individuals or groups who accept the existence of differences arising from a belief to a different religion. Through the process of appreciating and accepting the existence of different faiths, but in these social relationships, not infrequently we find the presence of conflict as a parasite that hinder the realization of social normative, it is due to adannya goal difference in the life of each, either group or individual. See religion evolve into the impression that raises issues that are emotional shell so blind with understanding tolerance. Within the scope of the religion of Islam, Al-quran in outline has been talking about the relation of creatures with God along with the Universe and its contents, Al-quran, also examine about the discussion of humanitarian issues that confront him in this life.
Gender Resolution in Croatian, Slavic and Proto-Indo-European
Authors: Matasović Ranko
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with the origin and development of the gender resolution rule according to which the predicate adjective agrees with the masculine antecedent when there is agreement with a conjunction of subjects at least one of which denotes a male person. Apart from Croatian, such a rule exists (or existed) in the other Slavic languages, as well as in Baltic languages, so it can safely be posited for Proto-Slavic and Proto-Balto-Slavic. We further show that most contemporary and ancient Indo-European languages had such a gender resolution rule. Where such a rule does not exist (as in Germanic languages), there is a plausible historical explanation. In Hittite, which preserves the most ancient gender system of Indo-European (with only common and neuter genders, and no feminine gender), the default agreement is with the common gender noun. Recent advances in our understanding of the development of gender in Indo-European allow us to show that the rule taking the masculine as the default gender has developed from the rule taking the common gender as default. This is because the morphemes showing gender agreement on adjectives and pronouns of the masculine gender have developed from Early Proto-Indo-European morphemes expressing the common gender.
English Raising Predicates and (Non-)Finite Clauses
Authors: Lenardič Jakob , Ilc Gašper
Published: July 2019

In
this paper, we present a diachronic and synchronic analysis of raising and
extraposition constructions in the historical Brown Corpus and the more contemporary English Web Corpus 2015.
We begin by establishing two diachronic facts: first, raising constructions are
used much more frequently than their semantically equivalent extraposition
variants, and second, the distribution of raising and extraposition remains –
rather exceptionally in comparison to other structures allowing for
finite/non-finite variation – diachronically consistent from the beginning of
the 20th century to 2015. We then supplement this unique diachronic
distribution with an analysis of the most recent corpus data, which shows that
the choice between the two semantically equivalent constructions is governed by
distinct structural factors unique to each construction. Concretely, we show
that the raising construction is frequently used as a relative clause, whereas
the extraposition variant generally resists such a syntactic role. By contrast,
we show that a prominent factor in favour of extraposition relates to the
negative marker, which is placed with similar frequency both in the matrix and
in the embedded clause of the extraposition construction in contrast to the
raising variant, which uses the negative marker almost exclusively in the
matrix clause. Lastly, we show that extraposition constructions contain modal
verbs in the matrix clause more frequently than the raising variants and we tie
this observation to the idea that the clausal composition of the extraposition
construction is structurally more suited for expressing tentativeness.
Participi u tekstovima pisanima kajkavskim književnim jezikom krajem 18. i u 19. stoljeću
Authors: Štebih Golub Barbara , Schubert Bojana
Published: July 2019

U literaturi se dokazanim smatra da
je u hrvatskome proces departicipijalizacije, tj. adverbijalizacije participa u
glagolske priloge završen do 17. st., iako neki od novijih radova (npr. Horvat,
Štebih Golub 2016.) te tvrdnje dovode u pitanje. Kako sve poznate gramatike
kajkavskoga književnog jezika prikazuju participe, u ovome se radu nastoji
odgovoriti na pitanje jesu li participi zaista postojali u književnoj
kajkavštini iz vremena nastanka slovnica ili ih kajkavski gramatičari kao i
neke druge kategorije (član, preterit, konjunktiv) opisuju tek pod utjecajem
egzogenih modela gramatičkog opisa, ili pod utjecajem jezične tradicije (jer se
particip rabio u ranijim razdobljima književne kajkavštine). Istraživanje je
provedeno na dvjema kajkavskim slovnicama, Matijevićevoj Horvackoj gramatici iz 1810. i Kristijanovićevoj Grammatik
der kroatischen Mundart iz 1837. i na
odabranim tekstovima dvojice gramatičara (Matijevićevu Rastolnačenju
evangelijumov (1796.), Rastolnačenjima
zvrhu Velikoga katekižmuša III. (1797.) i
Genovefi (1808.) te Kristijanovićevim
Blagorečjima (1830.), Ezopuševim
basnama pohorvačenim (1843.). Danici
zagrebečkoj (1845.) i tekstovima iz
njegova aneksnoga rječnika Anhang zur Grammatik der kroatischen Mundart (1940.) Opis participa u dvjema gramatikama
uspoređuje se s uporabom u tekstovima kako bi se utvrdilo koriste li kajkavski
autori participe koje opisuju u gramatikama i u svojim tekstovima i, ako ih
rabe, u kojim sintaktičkim funkcijama.
Akuzativ u djelima hrvatskih pisaca, leksikografa i gramatičara dopreporodnoga razdoblja
Authors: Horvat Marijana , Perić Gavrančić Sanja
Published: July 2019

U članku se istražuje uporaba akuzativnih sveza u djelima hrvatskih dopreporodnih pisaca, njihove potvrde u leksikografskim priručnicima te opis akuzativa u odabranim hrvatskim gramatikama istoga razdoblja. Predmet interesa stoga nisu opća morfološka obilježja akuzativa nego njegovo značenje, uporaba u rečenici, tipični prijedlozi te način i razina gramatičkoga opisa u odnosu na uporabnu normu.
Prevođenje latinskoga ablativa apsolutnoga u hrvatskoglagoljskim tekstovima
Authors: Mihaljević Ana
Published: July 2019

U radu se analizira prevođenje latinske konstrukcije ablativ apsolutni
u odabranim hrvatskoglagoljskim tekstovima prevedenim s latinskoga. Ablativ
apsolutni u prijevodnim se tekstovima najčešće prevodi hrvatskim
crkvenoslavenskim apsolutnim konstrukcijama u dativu ili instrumentalu. Dativ
je apsolutni starija konstrukcija, čija pojava u tekstovima može poslužiti i za
dataciju prijevoda. Instrumental se u prijevodima pojavljuje jer ga
prevoditelji doživljavaju kao hrvatsku crkvenoslavensku istovrijednicu
ablativa. Pri prijevodu ablativa apsolutnoga mnogo se češće pojavljuju
apsolutne konstrukcije nego zavisne surečenice, koje su danas najčešće
prijevodne istovrijednice te konstrukcije kako bi prijevod bio što vjerniji
izvorniku. Pri prevođenju ablativa apsolutnoga apsolutnim konstrukcijama vjerno
se oponaša red riječi izvornika. U radu se analiziraju načini prevođenja te
konstrukcije te uporaba različitih participa kao istovrijednica latinskim
participima koji su dio te konstrukcije.
СОНАТИ О. СКРЯБІНА ЯК РЕПЕРТУАРНИЙ ЗДОБУТОК ОДЕСЬКИХ ПІАНІСТІВ
Authors: Шевченко Лілія Михайлівна
Published: July 2019

У статті проаналізовано творчість О. Скрябіна та вплив салонного мистецтва Одеси кінця ХІХ ст. на формування емоційно-піднесеного сприйняття одеською публікою піаніста і композитора та творення ним музичних абстракцій промістеральних образів-тем трьох останніх Сонат. Тож, дослідження генія Скрябіна безумовно є актуальним для кращого розуміння його значущості для світової музичної громадськості та його впливу на Україну.
Метою дослідження є розкриття впливу одеського музично-культурного середовища на творчість О. Скрябіна та засвоєння його спадщини в Одесі на прикладі піаністичних внесків та творчого пошуку Містерії, на матеріалі заготовок якої вибудовувалися три останні Сонати творця «Прометея». Методологічною основою виступає інтонаційний підхід стильового порівняльного аналізу та історичного, герменевтичного аналізу музикознавчого методу. Методологічна специфіка зумовлена, насамперед, типом музикознавчої думки і ступінню інтегрованості творів О. Скрябіна до гуманітарно-культурологічного контексту та загальною спрямованістю музикознавчого аналізу. Висновки. Доведено, що одеська піаністична школа мала суттєвий виток в успіху премʼєри фортепіанного Концерту в 1898 р., що заклало пієтет Скрябіна у салонних засадах його піанізму й композицій. У скрябінівських композиціях екстатична лірика відсторонює театральну змістовну антитетичність на користь монологічної всеохоплюючої радості Долання драматизму/трагізму буття, втілення якої вирішується опорою на скрябінівську дзвонність. Містична узагальненість дзвонності Скрябіна протистоїть натуралізму купкистів і Рахманінова, але має спільний з ними виток у православному інструменталізмі церковного дзвоніння, невідривного від абстракції танечності.
СПЕЦИФІКА ЕСТЕТИЧНОГО СПРИЙНЯТТЯ СЦЕНІЧНОЇ БАЛЬНОЇ ХОРЕОГРАФІЇ
Authors: Крись Андрій Іванович
Published: July 2019

Мета статті – осмислити специфіку естетичного сприйняття глядачем сценічної бальної хореографії в контексті дослідження драматургії як художнього методу створення та вираження змісту й форми сучасної сценічної хореографічної постановки. Методологія дослідження. Застосовано загальнонаукові та конкретно наукові методи пізнання: аналітичний (для опрацювання наукової літератури), порівняльний (для проведення порівняльного аналізу особливостей естетичного сприйняття лексики бального танцю), типологічний (спрямований на виявлення і з’ясування специфіки естетичного сприйняття глядачем сценічної бальної хореографії) та мистецтвознавчий аналіз. Наукова новизна. Висвітлено специфіку естетичного сприйняття сценічної бальної хореографії глядачем; розглянуто мистецтвознавчі й хореологічні праці сучасних зарубіжних науковців з метою наукового обґрунтування естетичного сприйняття творів сценічної хореографії; визначено вплив драматургії та композицію постановок на процес осмислення й сприйняття глядачем сенсово-змістового аспекту; проаналізовано лексику бального танцю в контексті естетичного сприйняття; уточнено та доповнено поняття «естетичне сприйняття», «естетичний досвід», «естетична перевага». Висновки. Естетичне сприйняття глядачем сценічного бального танцю – багатогранне явище, оскільки, крім впливу хореографії, характерної для цієї танцювальної форми, сублімує сприйняття сценічного оформлення, костюмів, візуальних ефектів та ін. Ці фактори формують не лише естетичний досвід сценічних постановок бального танцю, а і їхню особисту інтерпретацію. Сценічна бальна хореографія, як виконавське мистецтво, що потребує глядачів, завдяки власній виразності досягає функції комунікативності, оскільки не тільки вміщує, а й передає сенс.
МЕТАФОРА ЯК ХУДОЖНІЙ ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОБРАЗНОСТІ В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ПЛАКАТІ 1990-Х – 2010-Х РР. (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПЛАКАТІВ VI МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТРІЄНАЛЕ «4-Й БЛОК»)
Authors: Залевська Олена Юріївна
Published: July 2019

Мета статті – розглянути український плакат крізь призму формування характерної образності за допомогою метафори як художнього засобу виразності; проаналізувати наукові джерела про становлення українського плаката; виявити засоби виразності та художню специфіку українського плаката 1990-х – 2010-х рр. Методологія дослідження полягає в комплексному підході до реалізації мети роботи, у використанні методів аналізу, синтезу, порівняльно-історичного, описового, стилістичного методів для осмислення особливостей еволюції українського плаката 1990-х – 2010-х рр. та розгляду метафори як художнього засобу формування його образності. Наукова новизна. У статті вперше розглянуто метафору як важливий художній засіб формування образності в українському екологічному плакаті доби постмодернізму; доведено, що в постмодерністському плакаті метафора є універсальним інструментом, який виконує важливі проектно-художні завдання з формування художньої образності; встановлено, що поєднання самостійних і несумісних у реальності форм та надання цим формам нових значень є типовим прийомом для постмодерністського плаката. Висновки. У 1990-х рр. український плакат втрачає «радянську всеосяжність» і стає мобільним відгуком на конкретну локальну подію, обмежену регіональною територією й тиражем. На характерних прикладах українського екологічного плаката доби постмодернізму встановлено: для плаката 1990-х – 2010-х рр. стає актуальною потреба в утвердженні духовного досвіду нації, що відбувається завдяки використанню метафори, котра набуває ускладненого, багаторівневого й неоднозначного змісту. Творче мислення митців поєднує унікальні рішення візуальних художньо-графічних елементів, оригінальні зіткнення в несподіваних тематичних контекстах знайомих із повсякденного життя об’єктів, використання змішаних дизайнерських прийомів і технік.
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ СУЧАСНОГО УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ІКОНОПИСУ
Authors: Цугорка Олександр Петрович
Published: July 2019

Мета статті – розглянути тенденції і з’ясувати перспективи розвитку українського іконопису ХХІ ст. у контексті відродження національного сакрального мистецтва. Методологія дослідження. Використано історично-порівняльний метод (для дослідження динаміки розвитку стилю українського бароко); метод стилістичного мистецтвознавчого аналізу (для визначення особливостей техніко-технологічних прийомів та живописної стилістики в творчості сучасних українських іконописців); типологічний і системно-структурний методи (для виявлення індивідуально-стильових особливостей поєднання традицій барокового іконопису з академічною технікою та новаторськими тенденціями). Наукова новизна. З’ясовано специфіку синтезу українського академічного живопису із художніми традиціями, сформованими за доби бароко в контексті розвитку сакрального мистецтва України кінця ХХ – початку ХХІ ст.; досліджено творчі методи й естетичні принципи провідних сучасних вітчизняних іконописців; розглянуто тенденції й перспективи розвитку барокових іконописних традицій в українському сакральному мистецтві відповідно до специфіки соціомистецького простору ХХІ ст. Висновки. Український іконопис ХХІ ст., зберігаючи колорит традиційного сакрального мистецтва і національної культури, сформований протягом багатовікової історії, відкритий для нових художніх тенденцій. Нині відбувається синтез нових тенденцій, новаторських художніх рішень і традиційних мотивів національного церковного мистецтва різних періодів. Іконопис доби українського бароко, що характеризується унікальними стилістичними ознаками, принципами естетично-чуттєвої та духовної краси, для багатьох сучасних митців є основою художнього пошуку, синтезованого підходу та авторської стилізації, органічного поєднання стародавніх іконописних традицій та сучасних естетичних вимог, що виявляється в посиленні реалізму, народної символіки, натуралістичних рис утілення образів національних ідеалів.
Motivation as One of the Most Effective Ways of Optimizing Foreign Language Learning Process in Higher Educational Establishments
Authors: Antonivska Maryna
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the work is to consider the most important conditions and ways of forming positive sustainable motivation of students’ educational activities, identify key aspects, analyze peculiarities of different methodologies and newest motivational approaches concerning the issue of foreign languages study. The research methodology consisted in the application of such research methods as study, analysis and generalization with the purpose of revealing the concept of motivation as one of the most effective ways of optimizing foreign language learning process. Scientific novelty of the work is to determine the role of the teacher in the process of overcoming communicative deviations on the basis of linguocultural differences and structuring some psychological and pedagogical aspects of motivation as an integral component of the foreign language study, which are considered in this article. Also, the article explicitly outlines and suggests concrete ways and methods for the formation and development of sustainable positive motivation. It is believed that content consistency during the process of studying, methods of teaching, consideration of students’ cognitive needs and interests are the main factors in the process of educational motivation formation and these elements strengthen all components of motivation: needs, aspirations, interests, emotions, motives themselves, which in turn contribute to the deepening and expansion of the sphere of students’ cognitive activity.
Conclusions. Consequently, we considered some of the most important, in our opinion, conditions and ways of forming positive, stable motivation for students’ educational activities. To establish such a motivation, one should use not only one way, but all ways, methods in a certain system, in a complex, because none of them, without others, can play a decisive role in the formation of motivation.
Consistency of the educational content and ways of filing it with cognitive needs and students interests counteracts the formation of a negative educational result. Optimally selected material strengthens all components of motivation: needs, aspirations, interests, emotions, motives themselves. Formation of a stable motivation level requires teacher to select appropriate educational materials that would represent cognitive, communicative, professional values, stimulate mental activity, and promote deepening and expansion of cognitive students’ activity.
National Eco-Cultural Traditions at Modern Restaurants
Authors: Bratitsel Maryna
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the article is to reveal the specifics of Ukrainian ecocultural eating habits at modern restaurants of national Ukrainian cuisine. The research methodology is based on a combination of the fundamental principles of the theory of social ecology, the principles of socio-ecological and cultural approach to the study of ecological culture. Considering the interdisciplinary nature of this issue, in the process of research and analysis of national eco-cultural traditions at modern restaurants, integrated, value, structural-functional and factorial approaches were used; methods of modeling, system analysis and generalization, which contributed to the understanding of the implementing mechanisms of the basic principles of ecological culture in the field of restaurant industry. The scientific novelty. The evolution features of the national eating habits at modern restaurants of Ukrainian cuisine found to coincide with the internationally recognized basic principles of ecological culture of the 21st century. Conclusions. Now one of the trends of Ukrainian restaurants is to increase the prestige of traditional products and dishes of Ukrainian cuisine, to apply to the national eco-cultural norms that have been established for centuries. This is due to the global trend – the activation of human ecological consciousness, comprehension of personal responsibility for the preservation of the population of the Earth, which occurs due to a change in world view, viewing cultural values, with the goal to form and develo an ecological culture of the 21st century as a necessary prerequisite for the evolution of civilization. The development of national Ukrainian cuisine plays an important role not only in the process of promoting certain foods, but also in the process of their adaptation to the requirements and needs that meet the cultural standard of Ukrainians at the present days.
Design Thinking Transformation on the Platform of Digital Project Culture under the Influence of Industrialization
Authors: Hardabkhadze Irene
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between design-thinking and traditional design creativity with the analysis of design thinking evolution in the discourse of project culture under the influence of industrialization, as well as to identify the peculiarities of Metcalfe’s law implementation from the perspective of design creativeness. The research methodology is based on a system approach to determining the influencing factors of digital methods of virtual objects modeling to the generation and materialization of designer’s decisions. The genesis of project culture and the evolution of design thinking were analyzed on the basis of historiographical analysis, the definition of the interrelation of design thinking and traditional design was implemented using comparative analysis, critical analysis was used to study the conditions of Metcalfe’s law observance in the discourse of design creativity. Scientific novelty. The feasibility of using design thinking as a mediator of the design creativity concepts implementation was substantiated. It was shown that under the influence of digitalization the digital phase of project culture was formed, and design thinking was transformed into digital design thinking. In the process of research, it was revealed that in the discourse of design creativity Metcalfe’s law remains in force for a limited number of recipients, which estimates of several dozens. The enhancing of the “utility” of network communications can be achieved by thematic selection of creative sources and filtering them according to the level of information uniqueness. Conclusions. In the course of industrial revolutions, the design goal remained unchanged, and the response to changing environmental conditions was transition of project culture in the digital phase. Design thinking on the platform of digital project culture transformed into digital design thinking with the expansion of the sphere of influence on social processes and concentration on individual needs of a person. Design thinking adaptation and digital competencies update are necessary for each of the areas of design to guarantee sustainable development of design on the platform of digital project culture.
The Origins and Formation of Library Censorship in Ukraine
Authors: Karakoz Olena
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the work is to explore the history of the censorship establishment in the information library policy formation. Methodological basis of the investigation is a set of principles and scientific research methods developed by modern science. The principle of historicism is expressed in the account of all specific historical factors for determining the stages of formation of library censorship in Ukraine, the allocation of general and special in it. The method of objectivity was reflected in a weighted assessment and impartial analysis of the forms and directions of the embodiment of spiritual and secular censorship. Also, an analytical method was used to determine the principles of the centralized system of censorship bodies that regulated the activities of public libraries, in particular the creation of ministerial directories under which the cleaning of book funds took place. Scientific novelty is to reveal the influence of library censorship as a hindrance to the scientific and cultural development of society establishment of civil society democratic foundations.
Conclusions. The origins of the establishment of library censorship in Ukraine are revealed. The main stages, forms and directions of the spiritual and secular censorship embodiment are investigated. The influence of the Russian Empire censorship on the formation of a public libraries network and the Ukrainian-language literature extraction from the funds of public libraries has been analyzed. The principles of the centralized system of censorship bodies that regulated the activities of public libraries were followed, in particular, attention was paid to the creation of ministerial directories under which the cleaning of book funds took place. The essence of the censorship policy of the Russian government that was aimed at the destruction of public libraries of Ukraine as important centers of Ukrainian spirituality was revealed. The principles of work of the Soviet censorship institutions that regulated the directions of work of Ukrainian libraries, transforming them into institutions of political science were clarified.
Cultural Environment, Communication, and City: Relationships between Concepts
Authors: Oliinyk Oksana
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to determine the semantic content and the relationships between concepts “cultural space”, “communication”, and “city”. The methodology of the research is based on general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, and generalization, backed by special methods, integrated with a number of socio-humanities sciences: sociology, culturology, philosophy, communication studies, etc. Scientific novelty consists in an attempt to determine the relationships between the concepts of “city”, “culture”, “communication”, “cultural environment” to justify the understanding of the modern city as a cultural and communicative space. Conclusions. The city is an environment, the main feature of which is the space characterized by people overall activity at the material, physical and spiritual levels. This activity creates certain phenomena (urban identity, urban lifestyle, urban development, urban fashion, etc.) that exist and are transmitted through cultural symbols and communicative matrices, which, in turn, are designed to meet the needs arising because of interaction and to ensure its effective result.
Experimental and Research work of Kasimir Malevich in the Field of Artistic Culture
Authors: Vezhbovska Liliana
Published: July 2019

The need to rethink the theoretical heritage of Malevich and its influence on the cultural process of Ukraine in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century, which is no less important than his art works, proves the research`s relevance.
The scientific novelty of the article is to broaden the discourse of Casimir Malevich’s presence in the Ukrainian cultural process in the end of the 20s and beginning of the 30s of the XX century, as well as in clarifying the role of his experimental research in the field of artistic culture.
The article is based on the historical method, which is expressed through concrete historical factors to determine the theoretical heritage of K. Malevich, his place in the history of art of the avant-garde direction Suprematism and the development of artistic culture in general. Textual and comparative research methods were used to study the theoretical articles-lectures by Kazimir Malevich published in the Kharkov pan-futurists’ journal “New Generation” in 1928-30. The theoretical heritage of Malevich is no less important than his art works. However, today the theoretical works of Malevich in Ukrainian scientific culture have not been sufficiently studied, and the lack of his developments in artistic education proves it as well.
Conclusions. It has been proved that the experimental and research work of Kazimir Malevich became an important evidence of the era and the fixation of a new vision in the field of artistic culture. Teaching theoretical developments at Kyiv Art Institute, its publication in the “New Generation” has shown a high readiness for dialogue and renewal of the Ukrainian artistic environment. Kazimir Malevich enriched the history of art with a new term: “non-objectivity”, which opposed the fine art, which task is to reproduce the objectivity of the world. Malevich’s non-objectivity was, in essence, a new method of interpreting art, shifting the emphasis from the definition of content to the definition of the form of art, its essence (“as a suchness”). In fact, he, as a theorist, revealed the patterns of development of artistic form, explaining the importance and sequence of the emergence of each new direction: from Cezanne to Cubism, from Cubism to Futurism and Cubofuturism; from Cubofuturizm to Suprematism.
“Pantomimic Culture” and Interdisciplinary Aspects of Its Theoretical Understanding
Authors: Svarnyk Bohdan
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to identify the essence of the concept of “pantomimic culture” based on the analysis of the concepts of “culture” and “pantomime”.
Research methods. The main methodological principles of the research are scientific objectivity and systematic approaches in the use of complementary methods: theoretical (analysis of cultural, art history and historical literature), empirical and analytical (theoretical and art historical analysis of the phenomenon of “pantomime”). General culturological research methods, historical and analytical methods, epistemological principles of cognition of the essence of the concept of “pantomimic culture” were also used. Scientific novelty. Mutual integration of the development and transformation of the concepts of “culture” and “pantomime” has been analyzed in the context of the social and cultural space evolution. The conceptual and categorical apparatus of the research has been defined, in particular, the definition of the concept of “pantomimic culture” has been proposed. Conclusions. The social and communicative significance of pantomime as a cultural phenomenon is difficult to overestimate, since the pantomime act can be interpreted as an interpretation of national or cosmopolitan culture codes, a social and cultural message, an eloquent action of self-expression, a form of intercultural communication, etc. The pantomime culture is positioned as an interdisciplinary concept, the essential basis of which is the triad: man – culture – gesture that allowed us to define it as a cultural and anthropological concept; the universal language of culture that is characterized by a special sign system and uses various artistic signs (icons, indicators and symbols), endowed with certain properties; a unique means of creative embodiment of emotional collisions between the man, art and society under the conditions of modern stage space.
Openness of the Expert Musician to Innovations to Introduce Civilizations Specifics of the Musical Excellence
Authors: Shevchenko Liliia
Published: July 2019

The aim of the research is to highlight both the mechanism of thinking and general psychological principles of creativity as part of the musicians` activity initiative.
The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in art studies, through the comparison of observations of experts and understanding of apperception (the process in which the elements of consciousness become clear), on which the Renaissance scientists formulated the term Dialogics as the law of the author’s discovery, the concept of creative roll is declared as an active prolongation of psychological pattern for the expert to be ready for innovations to combine the experience of a professional tradition with action motivation quoted by society.
Methodology of the research has been analytical, comparative-historical and psychological-orientational approaches, which allowed by comparison establishing the similarity and the difference between historical phenomena in ensuring the interaction of scientific-creative and artistic and poetic decisions in the activities of the expert musician as essentially similar fields of activity and further development of this concept.
In addition, the method of art style comparative art as a mechanism of artistic thinking is used, which prompts an active search to create new samples of creative and pedagogical activity and to choose the most effective methods among them.
Conclusions. It is proved that the mechanism of artistic thinking inspires the expert musician and a teacher for active search, to create new samples of creative and pedagogical activity and to choose among them the most effective ones. However, its implementation in the creative product depends not only on individual intentions, but also on the external-social circumstances that determine the extent and direction of the implementation of individual needs in the independent targeting of the expert musician. It is the latter, together with the accumulation of experience, in accordance with the law of the Renaissance Dialogics, that designed to introduce the expert into an active search, where the innovative specificity of creative discovery is a result.
Thus, the musician’s readiness to innovate in professional activity is defined as a stable new formation in the structure of the musician personality, which manifests itself in the direction of his actions for the continuous improvement, optimization and restoration of professional activity, realized in teaching, development and education both personal and for students.
La comunicación afectiva y asertiva en las estrategias de rehabilitación para combatir la adicción de drogas en jóvenes de Guayaquil
Authors: Solórzano Soto Rita , Márquez Allauca Victoria , Larco Camacho Edgar
Published: July 2019

El estudio de carácter bibliográfico y de campo investiga el rol de la comunicación afectiva y efectiva en las estrategias de rehabilitación de jóvenes con adicción a las drogas y la reinserción social. El objetivo es establecer la relación entre la comunicación afectiva con las terapias de rehabilitación cognitivo-conductual. En el estudio bibliográfico se encontró una relación directa entre las características de una comunicación afectiva y efectiva con los propósitos de la rehabilitación cognitivo-conductual. El estudio de campo se centró en verificar la aplicación de los criterios de comunicación afectiva y efectiva en nueve centros de rehabilitación de Guayaquil. Se encontró que, por razones de disciplina, los orientadores de los centros de rehabilitación emplean más la comunicación efectiva que la afectiva. Sin embargo, los orientadores que aplican la comunicación afectiva reconocieron un alto nivel de éxito en el proceso de rehabilitación cognitivo-conductual.
The Wild in Fire: Human Aid to Wildlife in the Disasters of the Anthropocene
Authors: McCumber Andrew , King Zachary
Published: July 2019

Should you help a wild rabbit fleeing a wall of flame? What is our responsibility to wildlife affected by wildfire? This paper focuses on two cases of ad hoc public aid to wildlife that occurred during California's 2017 ‘Thomas Fire’ and were subsequently popularised online. We take the discourse surrounding these cases – specifically, a viral video of a man removing a wild rabbit from the fire's flames and the widespread call to leave out buckets of water for displaced animals – as an invitation to engage in broader ethical and theoretical discussion about our individual relationships to wild animals during the age of ecological crisis termed the Anthropocene. Through this case analysis, we identify emerging tensions between what we call ‘interventionist’ and ‘anti-interventionist’ positions and assert that, while anti-interventionist positions are generally framed in rational, empirical or technocratic terms, a full consideration of already-existing human entanglements with the natural world troubles this frame. We conclude that the Anthropocene presents unique circumstances that give substantial support to the interventionist position; at the same time, we continue to uphold the value of key critiques present in the anti-interventionist argument, which might yet help to shape the most effective form of human aid to wild animals and alleviate problems of ecological sustainability, more broadly.
Hasta Haklarının Kurumsallaşmasında Sağlık Ombudsmanlığı Modeli
Authors: KIRILMAZ Harun , UÇAR Zeynep Merve
Published: July 2019

Rekabetçi koşulların hizmet sektörüne yansıdığı günümüz
sağlık dünyası etkin ve kaliteli sağlık hizmetleri sunmaya çalışmaktadır.
Sunulan hizmet ile ekonomik ve sosyal ayrım gözetmeksizin insanların sağlık
ihtiyacını karşılamak ülkelerin tercih ettiği bir uygulama halini almıştır.
Ancak bu uygulamalar iletişimden kaynaklanan bazı temel uyuşmazlıkları da
gündeme getirmektedir. Uyuşmazlıkların çözülmesinde genellikle idareye karşı
kişilerin şikâyetlerini inceleyen, idarenin aksayan ve kusurlu yanlarını ortaya
çıkarmaktan sorumlu; vardığı sonuçları parlamentoya ve kamuoyunun bilgisine
sunan, konu hakkında kamuoyunun dikkatini çekerek kamuoyunun sorunlara yönelik
hassasiyetini tahrik ve teşvik eden ombudsmanlık (kamu denetçiliği) kurumunun
önemi artmış ve birçok ülkede farklı şekillerde uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu
nedenle bu çalışmada uyuşmazlıkların çözülmesine öncülük eden ombudsmanlık
kavramının tanımı ve anlamı açıklanarak sağlık sektörüne uyarlanması, yurt dışı
örneklerinin incelenmesi ve hasta haklarından farkının irdelenerek Türkiye’de
sağlık sektörü için bir model önerisinde bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.