bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laboratório virtual de pesquisa escolar com gramática: educação científica em aulas de língua materna
Authors: Silva Wagner Rodrigues , Fidelis Andreia Cristina , Antonella Kiahra
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este artigo descreve uma estratégia inovadora do estudo da gramática, em aulas de Língua Portuguesa, em uma escola pública brasileira. Tal estratégia foi mediada por materiais didáticos produzidos colaborativamente por representantes de escola básica e de universidade, orientados pela abordagem investigativa e pedagógica da educação científica, desenvolvida no campo indisciplinar da Linguística Aplicada. Trata-se de uma investigação interventiva caracterizada como uma pesquisa baseada em design , pois se assume o esforço colaborativo para o aprimoramento da prática de ensino e para o fortalecimento de teorias de referência. É uma pesquisa financiada pelo governo federal do Brasil, dentro do Programa Ciência na Escola (PCE). A análise comparativa de respostas compartilhadas por estudante, em entrevistas orais realizadas por suas professoras, antes e depois da intervenção pedagógica, revelou uma expressiva ressignificação de representações discentes sobre aulas de língua materna, gramática, pesquisa e ciência. Isso resultou na superação de compreensões pelos estudantes, as quais foram compartilhadas previamente de forma ampla e equivocada.
Microscopy in food analysis: a review
Authors: Oliveira Ludilaine Barreto Fiuza de , Carvalho Gustavo Paim de , Silva Giulia Amarante de Almeida Mussi da , Guimarães André Luis Alcantara
Published: June 2024

Abstract The concern with food safety has been discussed since the end of the 19th century to improve its quality. The microscopic identification of plant species used in natura or in the elaboration of food products is extremely relevant because it is fast and satisfactory to characterize food composition and plant contaminants. Microscopy also allows evaluations of the hygienic quality of food, making it possible to observe physical, biological, and microbiological contaminants. Although it is an low-cost method compared to other chemical or molecular methodology, it relies on the expertise and knowledge of the analyst, especially in plant anatomy since it is a method that is mainly based on the identification of food products by comparison. Thus, this review aims to summarize studies related to the use of plant anatomy and the future perspectives of associations with other analytical methods for plant quality control. Therefore, this review is structured in two main topics: plant anatomy under light microscopy in food analysis and plant anatomy under microscopy associated with other methods.
Do anatomical traits converge on epiphytic plants?
Authors: Ferrari Flávia Bonizol , Rippel Larissa Villani , Furtado Samyra Gomes , Somavilla Nádia Sílvia , Menini Neto Luiz
Published: June 2024

Abstract Epiphytes represent approximately 10% of vascular plants, or 25,000 species distributed across 84 families. Water deficit is the greatest challenge faced by epiphytes, resulting in anatomical strategies aimed at maximizing water usage and minimizing water loss. This study aimed to characterize the leaf blade anatomy of 40 species of vascular epiphytes occurring in a cloud forest of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and assess how leaf anatomy is related to the epiphytic life form. Samples were collected, fixed, dehydrated with ethanol, and embedded in paraffin for sectioning using a microtome or freehand technique. Some samples were dissociated for epidermal observation. A clustering analysis (using UPGMA) was conducted using a presence/absence matrix of 16 anatomical characters. The results showed that species within this functional group exhibit different leaf blade anatomical characteristics, which may or may not be adaptive to epiphytism. However, despite the occurrence of some characteristics such as stomata at the same level as other epidermal cells, thick cuticle, fibers, hypodermis, and homogeneous chlorophyllous parenchyma in 50% or more of the species, there is no set of anatomical characteristics that can be used to define an epiphyte.
The efficiency of a customized distalizer with Variety SP® screws anchored on palatal miniscrews for upper molar distalization
Authors: POGHOSYAN Davit , GRIGORYAN Davit , TER-POGHOSYAN Diana , GUNAVEERASEKARAN Gokulraj , DARA Swasa , TER-POGHOSYAN Hrant
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a customized distalizer with Variety SP® screws anchored on palatal miniscrews for upper molar distalization. Methods: Seventeen patients aged between 12.5 and 24 years underwent distalization with a customized distalizer. Lateral cephalogram and cast analysis were performed before and after distalization. Linear and angular parameters of the upper first molar, first premolar, and central incisor were assessed. Results: Distalization with the force passing near the center of resistance (CRes) of the upper first molars resulted in distal movement, with minimal distal tipping (2.8±0.45°, p<0.05). However, distalization passing occlusal to the CRes led to greater distal tipping (13.6±1.63°, p<0.05). Statistically significant spontaneous distal tipping and distal movement of the upper first premolars occurred, with a mean of 6.2±1.24° (p<0.05) and 0.68±0.34 mm (p<0.05), respectively. The positional change of the upper central incisors presented a mean of -0.23±0.1 mm (p>0.05) and 2.65±1.1° (p<0.05). Upper first molar intrusion was statistically significant, with a mean of 0.88±0.2 mm (p<0.05). Upper right and left first molars rotation towards palatal midline presented mean of 4.1±0.19° (p<0.05) and 3.4 ±0.1° (p<0.05), respectively. Additionally, the distance between upper right and left first molars increased significantly, with a mean of 2.54±0.01 mm (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study successfully demonstrated the efficiency of molar distalization without anchorage loss using a customized distalizer anchored on palatal miniscrews.
O Asilo Santa Leopoldina de Niterói e uma ação público-religiosa pela educação feminina (1850-1878)
Authors: Martins Marco Aurélio Corrêa , Leonardi Paula
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir os embates em torno da criação, manutenção e administração do Asilo Santa Leopoldina de Niterói, instituição criada por força de decreto provincial, em 1850. Tais embates são propícios para pensar as disputas em torno da educação de meninas pobres. Da criação do Asilo, passando por sua administração pelas Irmãs do Imaculado Coração de Maria até sua saída e entrega para as Irmãs de Caridade é possível observar as relações entre políticos conservadores e liberais e entre Igreja e Estado, foco escolhido para a análise. O estudo apoiou-se nos relatórios de presidentes da Província do Rio de Janeiro, em periódicos do período e em documentação da Congregação das Irmãs do Imaculado Coração de Maria. Consistiu em análise das fontes apoiada na bibliografia, procurando destacar a temporalidade da constituição da instituição asilar sob o ponto de vista da educação e da escolarização.
João Vicente Martins and the Teaching of Reading and Writing to Children in Brazil in the XIX Century
Authors: Boto Carlota , Rocha Juliano Guerra , Albuquerque Suzana Lopes de
Published: June 2024

Abstract Based on an analysis of a school textbook produced by Joo Vicente Martins in 1854, this article aims to understand the history of schooling in Brazil in the second half of the nineteenth century, notably in the elements of teaching reading and writing to children. Martins launched himself into the publishing market with Cartilha de Leitura repentina, ou plágio do Método Castilho, in an attempt to bring together the ideals of two important forerunners of the debate about methods for teaching the mother tongue engaged with the universalization of elementary education: the Frenchman Joseph Jacotot and the Portuguese António Feliciano Castilho. Takins as a source, above all the periodical press and the productions of Castilho and Martins, the analysis carried out was organized around two main aspects: the biography of the latter author and the materiality of his textbook. It is concluded, that, although it announces the elaboration of a plagiarism of the Castilho method, the work undertaken by João Vicente Martins presented his ideals about the child schooling in the Brazilian context of clashes between techniques of teaching reading and writing in the nineteenth century.
João Vicente Martins e o ensino da leitura e da escrita para crianças no Brasil do século XIX
Authors: Boto Carlota , Rocha Juliano Guerra , Albuquerque Suzana Lopes de
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este artigo visa a compreender a história da escolarização no Brasil, na segunda metade do século XIX, especificamente nos aspectos do ensino da leitura e da escrita para crianças, a partir da análise de um impresso escolar escrito por João Vicente Martins, em 1854. Na Cartilha de leitura repentina, ou plágio do Método Castilho, Martins lançou-se no mercado editorial na tentativa de aproximar os ideários de dois precursores do debate acerca dos métodos para o ensino da língua materna: o francês Joseph Jacotot e o português António Feliciano Castilho. Tomando como fonte, sobretudo a imprensa periódica e as produções de Castilho e Martins, a análise empreendida se organizou a partir de dois principais aspectos: a biografia desse último autor e a materialidade de sua cartilha. Conclui-se que, embora anuncie a realização de um plágio do método Castilho, o trabalho empreendido por João Vicente Martins apresentou os seus ideários acerca da escolarização de crianças no contexto brasileiro.
Response to intervention as an identification strategy of the risk for dyslexia
Authors: Medda Mariana Gobbo , Barbosa Thais , Rocco Isadora Salvador , Mello Claudia Berlim de
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop on intervention process to identify children at risk of dyslexia, based on the Response to Intervention model. Specifically, to identify the pattern of changes in post-intervention performance in tasks of phonological awareness, working memory, lexical access, reading and writing; and to analyze which cognitive functions had a significant effect on the discriminating students at risk of dyslexia. Method Sample of 30 participants with Reading and writing difficulties, aged 8-11, from public/private schools, students from 3rd to 5th grade. Participants were submitted to a battery of cognitive-linguistic tests, before and after 12 intervention sessions. To monitor their performance, five reading and writing lists of words and pseudowords were applied. We qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the differences in pre- and post-intervention performance of each participant; and among participants in the post-assessment, to understand the patterns of dyslexia vs non-dyslexia groups. Results There were statistically significant changes in: rapid automatized naming, narrative text comprehension, phonological awareness, rate and typology of hits/misses in reading and writing, and reading speed. Being the last three variables the most sensitive to discriminate the two groups, all with less post-intervention gains for the dyslexia group. Conclusions The intervention focused on the stimulation of phonological skills and explicit and systematic teaching of graphophonemic correspondences contributed positively to the evolution of the group's participants. The intervention response approach favored the identification of children with a profile at risk for dyslexia, as distinct from children with other learning difficulties.
Contrafeitiçaria na pandemia: arte e corpo nas ações de cuidado em Terapia Ocupacional
Authors: Mendes Mariana Louver , Liberman Flavia
Published: June 2024

O artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado que cartografa o campo da Terapia Ocupacional na interface com o corpo, as artes e a cultura, por meio das trajetórias, ações e mobilizações de 12 terapeutas ocupacionais entrevistadas. Trabalhamos com o método de pesquisa-intervenção da cartografia. A pesquisa integra o acontecimento pandêmico, mapeia as ações desenvolvidas nesse período e analisa as contribuições das práticas com arte e corpo em um contexto de isolamento radical e de enfraquecimento da potência vital. Neste artigo, apresentamos algumas das iniciativas desenvolvidas por duas das profissionais entrevistadas, visibilizando suas reinvenções nesse período e analisando as contribuições das práticas diante dos impactos da pandemia na vida das pessoas. Destaca-se a potência da criatividade, a mobilização de outras formas de afetação por meio das experimentações artísticas, bem como a produção de relações que os dispositivos grupais permitem.
Cartografia das estratégias utilizadas para o trabalho colaborativo em equipes de saúde da família
Authors: Martins Jayne Duarte , Santos Mariângela Pereira , Rodrigues Carlos Alberto Quintão , Oliveira Pâmela Scarlatt Durães , Sampaio Cristina Andrade
Published: June 2024

O estudo objetivou mapear as estratégias utilizadas para o trabalho colaborativo em equipes de Saúde da Família (eSF) inseridas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), em um município do norte de Minas. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com a proposta metodológica da Cartografia. Os dados foram produzidos em quatro eSF por meio de observação participante, questionário de identificação, diário cartográfico, entrevista semiestruturada individual e grupo focal. A análise do discurso e o rastreio cartográfico possibilitaram a construção de duas categorias temáticas e um mapa cartográfico. Alcançou-se que as estratégias, consideradas linhas de fuga, permitem transformações existenciais no trabalho em equipe, pois originam nascentes em solos cristalizados, pensamentos problematizadores, subjetividade e interações disciplinares. Concluiu-se que as linhas duras não devem ser eliminadas do trabalho em equipe, pois coexistem nessa realidade, e o que importa é como são vivenciadas nas relações.
Estándares, autonomía e internacionalización: rendición de cuentas de postgrados en Chile
Authors: Valdivia Alejandra Crocco , Cofré María Beatriz Fernández
Published: June 2024

RESUMEN La rendición de cuentas se ha expandido globalmente en educación superior. Este artículo examina las continuidades y cambios en los problemas, soluciones e incentivos utilizados para promover políticas de rendición de cuentas en programas de doctorado en Chile, a través de su acreditación, entre 2006-2020, analizando los marcos interpretativos de 20 documentos. Los resultados identifican dos periodos. El primero discute la necesidad de asegurar calidad e instalar un sistema para la acreditación. El segundo subraya la necesidad de sofisticarlo para internacionalizar los programas. Ambos enfatizan en la definición de estándares y resultados. Las conclusiones destacan similitudes y diferencias en la lógica de rendición de cuentas. Este estudio puede guiar el análisis crítico de acreditación de postgrado en otros países.
O movimento Escola sem Partido: entre o controle político da atividade docente e as tentativas inconstitucionais de retomada da censura
Authors: Garcia Miliandre , Dias Jennifer Caroline
Published: June 2024

RESUMO A proposta deste artigo consiste em articular duas dimensões do movimento Escola sem Partido (ESP): como evento político inserido no campo da história do tempo presente, mais especificamente da história imediata, e como expressão de práticas culturais vinculadas a fenômenos de longa duração da história do Brasil, como a censura e o autoritarismo. Argumenta-se que, apesar de situar-se no âmbito das relações da sociedade civil, o ESP buscou institucionalizar uma forma de controle docente dentro do Estado brasileiro, que, desde a aprovação da Constituição de 1988, proíbe o exercício de qualquer tipo de censura. Como referencial teórico-metodológico, utiliza-se o arcabouço da história do tempo presente e da história política renovada.
Detection of gestational and congenital syphilis in Paraná state, Brazil, 2007-2021: a time series analysis
Authors: Oliveira Giovana Gomes de , Palmieri Isadora Gabriella Silva , Lima Lucas Vinícius de , Pavinati Gabriel , Santos Vitória Maytana Alves dos , Luz Kelly Cristina Suzue Iamaguchi , Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares
Published: June 2024

Abstract Objective: To describe temporal trends in the detection rates of gestational and congenital syphilis, by maternal age and health macro-region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, 2007-2021. Methods: This was a time-series study using surveillance data; the trend analysis was performed by means of joinpoint regression, and average annual percent change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. Results: An increase in statewide detection of gestational syphilis (AAPC = 21.7; 95%CI 17.7; 32.8) and congenital syphilis (AAPC = 14.8; 95%CI 13.0; 19.7) was found; an increase was also found in the health macro-regions, with the Northwest (gestational, AAPC = 26.1; 95%CI 23.4; 31.6) and North (congenital, AAPC = 23.8; 95%CI 18.8; 48.9) macro-regions standing out; statewide rising trends were observed for young women [gestational, AAPC = 26.2 (95%CI 22.4; 40.6); congenital, AAPC = 19.4 (95%CI 17.6; 21.8)] and adult women [gestational, AAPC = 21.3 (95%CI 16.9; 31.9); congenital, AAPC = 13.7 (95%CI 11.9; 19.3)]. Conclusion: Maternal and child syphilis detection rates increased in the state, regardless of maternal age and health macro-region.
Detecção de sífilis gestacional e congênita no Paraná, 2007-2021: análise de séries temporais
Authors: Oliveira Giovana Gomes de , Palmieri Isadora Gabriella Silva , Lima Lucas Vinícius de , Pavinati Gabriel , Santos Vitória Maytana Alves dos , Luz Kelly Cristina Suzue Iamaguchi , Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares
Published: June 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever as tendências temporais nas taxas de detecção de sífilis gestacional e congênita, por faixa etária materna e macrorregião de saúde do Paraná, Brasil, 2007-2021. Métodos: Estudo de séries temporais, utilizando-se dados de vigilância; realizou-se análise de tendência por regressão segmentada, sendo estimadas variações percentuais anuais médias (VPAM) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Foram identificados acréscimos na detecção estadual de sífilis gestacional (VPAM = 21,7; IC95% 17,7;32,8) e congênita (VPAM = 14,8; IC95% 13,0;19,7); as macrorregiões de saúde registraram incrementos, destacando-se as macrorregiões Noroeste (gestacional, VPAM = 26,1; IC95% 23,4;31,6) e Norte (congênita, VPAM = 23,8; IC95% 18,8;48,9); as tendências estaduais foram crescentes para mulheres jovens [gestacional, VPAM = 26,2 (IC95% 22,4;40,6); congênita, VPAM = 19,4 (IC95% 17,6;21,8)] e mulheres adultas [gestacional, VPAM = 21,3 (IC95% 16,9;31,9); congênita, VPAM = 13,7 (IC95% 11,9;19,3)]. Conclusão: As taxas de detecção de sífilis materno-infantil foram ascendentes no estado, independentemente da idade materna e da macrorregião de saúde.
impact of project-based learning approach in social studies on the academic achievements of 6th grade students in Trashigang middle secondary school
Authors: Wangchuk Kesang , Tshering Kinga
Published: June 2024

The study explored the effectiveness of project-based learning and students’ perception of it. The study employed an explanatory sequential mixed-method research approach with a pre-test and post-test experiment on a single group. The participant consists of 37 students in 6th grade at Trashigang middle secondary School. The study consisted of an achievement test as the quantitative data that was analysed using histograms and paired-sample t-test. The qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interview from 10 students. To generate themes for the qualitative data, Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis was used in the study.  The quantitative result of the study revealed that there were significant improvements in students’ scores on achievement tests after intervention using project-based learning approach. The qualitative results indicated that students’ perceptions and views on project-based learning were positive since the majority of the students were engaged on the group level. Project-based learning also fosters collaborative skills such as communication skills and teamwork.
Assessing the impact of gender and age differences on overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Gataullin B. I. , Gataullin I. G. , Biktemirova R. G. , Erpert Ya. A. , Didakunan N. F.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Recent studies have led to the conclusion that gender is an important factor influencing the prognosis of survival of patients with colorectal cancer.

Aim. To analyze 5-year overall survival rates in patients with colorectal cancer of different sexes and in different age groups.

Materials and methods. The study included 1593 patients, of whom 720 were men (45.2 %) and 873 women (54.8 %). Patients were divided into 3 age groups: under 50 years, 50–70 years and over 70. Overall survival rates were calculated, followed by comparison between groups of patients, taking into account gender and stage of the disease.

Results. Analysis of treatment results taking into account a gender approach showed that the prognosis of the disease was most favorable in women. With approximately the same 5-year survival rate in men and women (54.9 and 52.7 %), this indicator correlated with the age of the patients and was significantly better than in men in the group of patients under 50 years of age.

Conclusion. The identified gender and age characteristics in the development and course of colorectal cancer are relevant for oncologists when choosing diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation strategies.
A Mixture Model for the Analysis of Categorical Variables Measured on Five-point Semantic Differential Scales
Authors: Manisera Marica , Migliorati Manlio , Ventura Matteo , Zuccolotto Paola
Published: June 2024

Ordered response scales are often used in questionnaires to measure individuals' attitudes or perceptions. Among different response scale formats, we focus on multi-point semantic differential scales, requiring the respondent to position himself/herself on a rating between two bipolar adjectives. The obtained rating data require appropriate statistical models. We resort to the CUM model (Combination of a discrete Uniform and a - linearly transformed - Multinomial random variable), recently proposed in the framework of the CUB (Combination of discrete Uniform and shifted Binomial random variables) class of models. CUM is also suited to all the ordinal response scales with a middle “indifference” option. In the seminal paper on CUM, the methodological approach was developed for an odd number m of response categories, while simulations, case studies and implementation in R were limited to m = 7. The objective of this paper is to extend the original proposal and investigate the model performance in the case of m = 5, which often arises in real situations. The R functions for fitting a CUM model with m = 5 are implemented and made available; simulation studies are developed and compared with results obtained for m = 7 and a case study concerned with the evaluation of museums' visitor experience is proposed.
Review on Distributions Generated Using Trigonometric Functions
Authors: Tomy Lishamol , Dominic Lijimol
Published: June 2024

In the present scenario, researchers are interested in developing new distributions based on trigonometric functions to model data.  Previously, data modelling was commonly done with standard and existing distribution functions. Recent research has demonstrated that trigonometrically transformed functions can be used to model a variety of data types, including data from the medical, psychiatric, industrial, and economic sectors as well as studies on life time data, observations on seasonal patterns, and data from other fields. This review article discusses some trigonometric distributions and their applications across a range of fields.  Using an actual dataset, a comparison analysis of a few selected models is conducted. Maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters and various information criteria measures are obtained, and goodness of fit tests are performed for comparison.
Pathogenesis and modern methods for treatment of hip infectious arthritis: a review
Authors: Astakhov Denis I. , Artyukh Vasily A.
Published: June 2024

Background. One of the little-studied but long-known problems is determining the optimal treatment regimen for patients with infectious arthritis of the hip joint. Existing studies offer various methods of conservative and surgical treatment, which, however, do not have a fundamental evidence base. The polyetiology and variability of the clinical manifestations of infectious arthritis of the hip joint and the severity of the consequences in case of incorrectly chosen tactics require a differentiated approach to treatment and development of certain diagnostic and treatment algorithms.
The aim of the review – to identify pathogenesis factors that are significant for the choice of treatment tactics and to analyze modern methods of treating infectious arthritis of the hip joint based on the data from available medical literature.
Methods. For analysis, we selected 90 foreign and domestic sources published between 1997 and 2023. Inclusion criteria were: clinical studies, analytical reviews and meta-analyses of the literature. The search was performed in eLIBRARY, PubMed and Google Scholar databases.
Results. The analysis showed that, despite the comparable effectiveness and advantages of individual treatment methods, their use is limited to certain indications, and the choice of the optimal one for a particular patient should take into account many etiopathogenetic factors, clinical, laboratory and instrumental data, the role of which is still insufficiently studied. Currently, throughout the world the “gold standard” for radical surgical treatment remains the technique of two-stage hip arthroplasty using an antibacterial spacer. However, encouraging results of alternative treatment methods require continued search for ways to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic tactics.
Effectiveness of cell therapy of acute radiation syndrome in mice with intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of a cellular product
Authors: Murzina Elena V. , Pak Natalya V. , Aksenova Natalia V. , Zhirnova Natalya A. , Veselova Olga M. , Khovpachev Aleksej A. , Belyj Nikolaj V.
Published: June 2024

The therapeutic effect of fibroblast-like cells obtained from the stromal vascular fraction of subcutaneous adipose tissue of mice and cultured for the treatment of bone marrow form of acute radiation syndrome was studied on a mouse experimental model. The cells were identified as multipotent mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells, owing to adhesion to plastic, confluent monolayer formation during cultivation, and the fact that osteogenic differentiation in vitro resulted in osteoblast maturation and calcium deposit formation, which indicated their multipotent nature. Irradiation of laboratory rodents was conducted using theX-ray therapy unit “RUM-17”. Stromal cells were obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue of a mouse and grown in a culture of 3–4 passages and used as a cell product. Cell transplantation was performed 24 h after uniformX-ray irradiation of mice at a dose of 7.8 Gy. This is the first study to compare the therapeutic efficacy of allogeneic transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with the different routes (intravenous and intraperitoneal) of cell suspension administration. A significant increase was found in the survival rate of mice during the 30-day follow-up period after lethal dose irradiation, which depended on the number of injected cells and delivery method of the biomedical cell product. Thus, with intravenous administration of 30 and 60 × 103multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, the 30-day survival rate of mice after irradiation at a dose of 7.8 Gy increased by 54.5% and 40%, respectively, compared with that of untreated animals (p= 0.03). An increase in the number of cells in the cell product to 120 × 103/mouse led to a decrease in therapy effectiveness. In intraperitoneal administration, the protection of animals from death was 57% after transplantation of 30 and 60 × 103cells (p= 0.039) and 50% after application of 120 × 103cells. On day 30 after irradiation, in the introduction of a cellular product in different schemes, 70%–80% of animals showed restoration of the values of the main indicators of the hematopoiesis system to initial levels. Thus, cell therapy using multipotent mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue with intravenous and intraperitoneal delivery routes of the cellular product to the irradiated body protects mice from death after exposure toX-ray radiation in lethal doses, decreasing the severity of radiation damage to the hematopoietic system in mice, and provides prospects for further research as an effective and safe treatment for acute radiation sickness.
Chronic heart failure associated genetic polymorphisms
Authors: Sveklina Tatiana S. , Shustov Sergey B. , Kolyubaeva Svetlana N. , Kozlov Vadim A. , Oktysyuk Polina D. , Konyaev Vladislav V.
Published: June 2024

The genetic associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes and chronic heart failure in phenotypically similar groups of patients were examined. The known information about single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the main pathogenetic links of chronic heart failure is systematized. Using electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary), a search and synthesis of scientific works was conducted, followed by the formation of groups of genes homogeneous in their functionality (i.e., genes of the metabolic cascade, coagulation cascade, and neuroendocrine cascade). From 50 literary sources analyzed, 15 of the most specific genes were identified (ApoA1, ApoE, ApoC3, GNB3, FTO, PON-1, ET(A), EDNRA, F13, ITGB3, PAI-1, VEGF, ACE, AGT, AGTR1), contributing in metabolic processes, the hemostatic system, endothelial function, and regulation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and associated with the development of chronic heart failure. The most significant contribution of these genes in the development of regulatory and structural disorders characteristic of the pathogenetic phenotype of chronic heart failure has been proven. The results are ambiguous. Thus, in individuals who have a polymorphic gene variant in their genotype associated with the risk of developing a disease, the possibility of its manifestation is considerably higher; however, this does not confirm the development of the disease. Moreover, a correlation was noted between ejection fraction in patients with chronic heart failure and gene polymorphisms associated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system dysfunction and metabolic cascade. Chronic heart failure is a polygenic disease. Hence, this allows for further research into groups of coordinately functioning genes that are part of genetic regulatory networks, enabling a more complete understanding of the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of this nosology with the aim of subsequent early identification of individuals belonging to the risk group and the creation of a set of measures for individual prevention diseases. We believe that the development of chronic heart failure with low ejection fraction is primarily responsible for gene polymorphisms associated with disorders of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and for the development of chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction — gene polymorphisms associated with metabolic cascade disorders.
The need for and prospects of developing a modern mobile laboratory complex for equipping sanitary and preventive organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense
Authors: Kuzin Alexander A. , Lantsov Evgeny V. , Svistunov Sergey A. , Zharkov Denis A. , Kobylkin Dmitry V. , Artebyakin Sergey V. , Batov Vyacheslav E.
Published: June 2024

Presently, an increasing volume of laboratory tests performed by sanitary and preventive organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense (centers of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision) are carried out directly in the field during various combat training activities and special tasks and the localization and elimination of epidemic foci of infectious diseases in organized military collectives. Thus, non-staff mobile sanitary-epidemiological groups are formed. However, the regular special military equipment—medical field laboratory—used to equip such groups, is outdated and does not provide the basic principles of their autonomous functioning (mobility, autonomy, multidisciplinarity, high manufacturability, zoning of workplaces, compliance with biological safety requirements). Hence, the need for and prospects of developing a new automotive laboratory complex for equipping sanitary and prophylactic organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense are investigated. This study analyzes the experience of military sanitary-preventive organizations for the period 2011–2021. The tactical and technical characteristics of the staff laboratory of the medical field laboratory of the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision centers of the Russian Ministry of Defense are compared with available analogues, including those in the institutions of other ministries and departments. As the number of long visits of military sanitary specialists and preventive organizations significantly increases to the extent of providing temporary accommodation for military units to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the personnel, the need for laboratory research in isolation from the network of stationary laboratories to objectify the activities of the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision and ensure the anti-epidemic protection of troops also significantly increases. Moreover, the drawbacks of the standard medical field laboratory and its analogues and hence their limited use in the interests of the Russian Ministry of Defense in existing configurations were identified. The obtained results enabled reasoning for the need for a new automotive laboratory complex for equipping sanitary and preventive organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense considering the successful solutions in laboratory complexes of other ministries and departments.
Intraoperative photodynamic therapy in the structure of complex treatment of patients suffering from recurrence and continued growth of intracranial meningioma
Authors: Kukanov Konstantin K. , Nechaeva Anastasiia S. , Sitovskaya Darya A. , Dikonenko Mikhail V. , Sukhoparov Pavel D. , Ishchenko Ilya O. , Zabrodskaya Yulia M. , Samochernykh Nikita K. , Papayan Garry V. , Olushin Victor E. , Samochernykh Konstantin A.
Published: June 2024

The effectiveness and safety of intraoperative photodynamic therapy in patients with recurrent intracranial meningiomas were examined. Intraoperative photodynamic therapy was performed in three patients suffering from relapse and continued growth of histologically confirmed intracranial meningiomas of supratentorial localization. Intraoperative photodynamic therapy was conducted with consent from patients and was confirmed by a medical commission. We used a photosensitizer of the chlorin e6 group — photoditazine (Veta-Grand, Russia). The drug was administered intravenously at a dose of 1 mg/kg during induction of anesthesia. For irradiation, laser installation Latus (ATKUS, St. Petersburg, Russia) with a power of 2.5 W and wavelength of 662 nm was used. Irradiation was conducted in a continuous mode; the duration of therapy depended on the area of the irradiated surface based on a therapeutic light dose of 180 J/cm2. In the early postoperative period, the patients’ eyes were protected for 24 h from exposure to direct sunlight, and clinical, laboratory, and intrascopic controls were carried out. No complications associated with intraoperative photodynamic therapy were observed in the early postoperative period. On control intrascopy (magnetic resonance imaging in DWI, Flair, T2, T1 + contrast modes), data showing the therapeutic effect of intraoperative photodynamic therapy were obtained. In two cases, changes in tumor tissue and its matrix were confirmed pathomorphologically, indicating the therapeutic effect of intraoperative photodynamic therapy in relation to local control of meningiomas. Thus, the use of intraoperative photodynamic therapy in the complex treatment of patients suffering from a recurrent course of the neoplastic process (“aggressive” meningiomas) reveals its effectiveness for increasing the degree of radicality of the operation and safety. Further development of the technology of intraoperative photodynamic therapy is crucial in treating patients with “aggressive” meningiomas.
Features of the immunopathogenesis of infections caused by viroids and satellite viruses
Authors: Moskalev Alexander V. , Gumilevsky Boris Yu. , Apchel Vasiliy Ya. , Tsygan Vasiliy N.
Published: June 2024

One of the main molecular mechanisms of viroids that cause disease in plants is the blocking of ribonucleic acid functions of host cells by viroid ribonucleic acid. The variety of splicing options is due to viroid replication, which requires ribonucleic acid polymerase, ribonuclease, ligase, and deoxyribonucleic acid working on ribonucleic acid matrices. Viroids with faster replication are preferred. Identifying host proteins that interact with viroid ribonucleic acid is critical in the pathogenesis of viroid infections, which leads to gene expression changes of host plants. The study of the pathogenesis of plant infections caused by satellite viruses has shown that they have a common ancestor and that the satellite viruses suppress the reproduction of the helper virus. Satellite viruses require accessory viral proteins to encode capsid proteins for genome encapsulation and reproduction. Replication occurs in the cytoplasm and is induced by ribonucleic acid polymerase of the helper virus. Hepatitis D virus ribonucleic acid replication requires cell ribonucleic acid polymerase II. When the viral and endosomal membranes fuse, the ribonucleic acid of the hepatitis D virus moves into the nucleus, and antigenomic ribonucleic acid is produced, which is the template for the synthesis of matrix ribonucleic acids encoding delta protein. The minor delta antigen regulates ribonucleic acid editing, and the large delta antigen inhibits viral replication and induces a signal for the transport of ribonucleic acid from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm, which ensures the assembly of new viral particles. Large and small delta antigens have been detected in the brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, and spleen of snakes by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical assays, indicating that all delta viruses possibly share a common ancestor that arose before the divergence of reptiles and mammals.
Graduate of the Imperial Military Medical Academy professor A.A. Maximov: St. Petersburg addresses (to the 150th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Odintsova Irina A. , Rusakova Svetlana E. , Rusakova Vladislava A.
Published: June 2024

The key milestones in the life and main scientific achievements of the famous Russian histologist Alexander A. Maksimov (January 22, 1874–December 3, 1928), a graduate and gold medalist of the Imperial Military Medical Academy, who headed its Histology Department with a course of embryology for 20 years, were studied (1903–1922). A.A. Maximov was born in St. Petersburg into a merchant family and spent his childhood years in Vasilyevsky Island. Some buildings where the A.A. Maximov family lived have survived to this day. A.A. Maximov had three older sisters: Vera, Evgenia, and Claudia. The gymnasium in which A.A. Maximov also studied in Vasilyevsky Island. The director of the educational institution (one of the best in St. Petersburg) was the famous teacher–organizer Karl I. May. The archives preserve information about the progress of Maximov’s essay, which testifies to his excellent studies. Maximov graduated with a gold medal. One of his classmates at the Imperial Military Medical Academy was Vladimir A. Oppel, who later became a famous surgeon. He left interesting memories of Maximov during the years of joint study at Imperial Military Medical Academy. While in exile, Maximov constantly remembered his homeland, colleagues, and native places where he spent most of his life. His works remain relevant today. Emphasis is placed on the key scientific developments of A.A. Maximov — unitary theory of hematopoiesis, identifying the morphological basis of inflammatory reactions, and neoplasm of connective tissue in experiment. The results of a search for previously unpublished St. Petersburg addresses related to the life of A.A. Maximov are presented. Based on recently discovered archival documents, new information is provided that complements the biography of the outstanding Russian histologist who pioneered the study of stem cells.
Leader of pathophysiology: on the 70th birthday of professor Vasily N. Tsygan
Authors: Kryukov Evgeniy V. , Ivchenko Evgeniy V. , Fisun Alexandr Ya. , Belskikh Andrey N. , Kotiv Bogdan N. , Ovchinnikov Dmitrii V.
Published: June 2024

May 12, 2024, marked the 70th birthday of the Honored Scientist of Russia, corresponding member and honorary doctor of the Kirov Military Medical Academy, Prof. Vasily N. Tsygan. He is a brilliant embodiment of the traditions of academic scientific schools, having gone from being a member and chairman of the Military Scientific Society of Cadets and Students to an adjunct to the deputy head of the academy for scientific work. After graduating from the academy with a gold medal and serving 3 years in the military, Vasily N. Tsygan entire subsequent scientific, pedagogical, and organizational activity has been connected with the academy. The topic of his candidate dissertation, related to changes in homeostasis in mechanical trauma, and performing special assignments from the command in Afghanistan and in the zone of the counter-terrorist operation in the Chechen Republic determined a crucial vector of research into the extreme impacts on the human body during military professional activity. V.N. Tsygan contributed to the study of immunophenotyping problems, the modern concept of molecular remission in oncohematology, and immunodeficiency in various types of pathology and methods for their correction. He is an experienced organizer of science and many large international scientific events. His activities involved the study of the history of Russian medicine, relations with the Nobel Committee, and defending the priority of Russian scientists. V.N. Tsygan’s contribution to the creation and development of the Military Medical Academy journals, where he worked for decades as executive secretary and deputy editor-in-chief, is invaluable. The Academy, the Ministry of Defense, the Academy of Medical Sciences, and the state have highly appreciated the merits of Prof. V.N. Tsygan, honoring him with state and departmental awards, prizes, and honorary titles.
Heavy smoking increases early mortality risk in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment
Authors: Lee Jaejun , Choi Jong Young , Lee Soon Kyu
Published: June 2024

Backgrounds/Aims: Although cigarette smoking has been associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its association with HCC mortality remains underexplored. We aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking on early mortality in HCC patients following curative treatment.Methods: Data from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry were examined for HCC patients who underwent liver resection or radiofrequency ablation between 2015 and 2018. Smoking cumulative dose was assessed in pack-years. The primary outcome was the 3-year overall survival (OS).Results: Among 1,924 patients, 161 were classified as heavy smokers (≥40 pack-years). Heavy smokers exhibited a lower 3-year survival rate (77.1%) than nonsmokers (83.3%), with a significant difference observed in the 3-year OS (P=0.016). The assessment of smoking pack-years in relation to 3-year OS revealed a dose-dependent pattern, with the hazard ratio exceeding 1.0 at 20 pack-years and continuing to rise until 40 pack-years, reaching peak at 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.45). Multivariate Cox-regression analysis revealed heavy smoking, age ≥60 years, underlying cirrhosis, tumor size >3 cm, vascular invasion, and Child-Pugh class B/C as risk factors for 3-year OS. Subgroup analyses of patients with a tumor size <3 cm, absence of vascular invasion, and meeting the Milan criteria also showed inferior outcomes for heavy smokers in all three subgroups.Conclusions: Heavy smoking, defined as a history of >40 pack-years, was linked to poorer 3-year survival outcomes in HCC patients undergoing curative treatments, underscoring the importance of smoking cessation in this population.
METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF PROJECT RISKS
Authors: Ворошилина Н.Н.
Published: June 2024

Актуальность данного исследования объясняется повышенной степенью проектных рисков в большинстве отраслей российской экономики, и в частности в строительной отрасли. При этом цифровые технологии и методические наработки в сфере управления проектными рисками дают значительный потенциал повышения эффективности реализации проектов. Целью исследования является характеристика современных подходов к анализу и оценке рисков проектов в сфере строительства. В процессе исследования раскрыто значение строительной отрасли в российской экономике, определено понятие проектных рисков, рассмотрены основные процедуры риск-менеджмента, основные виды проектных рисков в строительстве, приведена характеристика качественных и количественных методов оценки рисков строительных проектов. Научная новизна исследования заключается в подробном анализе понятия проектных рисков, обобщении подходов к оценке рисков проектов. Рассмотрена возможность адаптации описанных методов оценки рисков для проектного менеджмента в рамках строительной отрасли. В исследовании использованы документальный, табличный, графический и экономико-математический методы.

The relevance of the study is due to the increased degree of project risks in most sectors of the Russian economy and, in particular, in the construction industry. Th e digital technologies and methodological developments in the field of project risk management provide significant potential for improving the efficiency of project implementation. The purpose of the study is to characterize modern approaches to the analysis and risk assessment of projects in the construction industry. The article reveals the importance of the construction industry in the Russian economy, defines the concept of project risks, reviews the main risk management procedures, considers the main types of project risks in construction, and characterizes the qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the risks of construction projects. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a detailed analysis of the concept of project risks, summarizing of approaches to risk assessment of construction projects. The article considers the possibility of adapting the described risk assessment methods for project management within the construction industry. The documentary method, tabular and graphical methods, economic and mathematical method were used as research methods.