bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of NiFe2O4 nanofibers by joint sol-gel and electrospinning technique
Authors: Grujić Aleksandar , Ćosović Vladan , Stajić-Trošić Jasna , Ćosović Aleksandar , Stijepović Mirko , Putić Lana , Žák Tomáš
Published: October 2018

In this study, electrospinning combined with sol-gel technique is applied in order to produce magnetic nickel ferrite (Ni-ferrite) nanofibers. The prepared Ni-ferrite gel was mixed with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) solution which was used as a spinning aid to enable spinnability of the mixture. Structural and morphological characteristics of the as-spun ferrite gel/PVP composite web structure and calcinated Ni-ferrite nanofibers were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phase composition analysis was carried out by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS). The obtained results suggest that the pure nanocrystalline NiFe2O4 dense mat to the almost coral-like structure of fibers with diameters ranging from hundreds of nanometers to few micrometers was obtained. The results of MS analysis revealed the existence of a crystallite size distribution within the material as well as the existence of a superparamagnetic fraction with very small crystallite sizes (<13nm). Magnetic behavior of the obtained material at elevated temperatures was also scrutinized using thermomagnetic measurements (TM) up to 800 °C.
Unlimited potentials of carbon: different structures and uses (a Review)
Authors: Okwundu Onyeka Stanislaus , Aniekwe Emmanuel Uche , Nwanno Chinaza Emmanuel
Published: October 2018

Carbon is a unique chemical element whose different forms or allotropes are inexhaustible in number. It has been in use since antiquity and now, the possibility of manipulating the lattice structure of its crystalline allotropes, offers it unlimited advanced applications. This review aims at demonstrating certain aspects of engineering material in different applications. Various structures of some identified allotropes carbon, respective properties and uses of the allotropes were reviewed. Amorphous carbon materials find application mainly as fuels and sometimes as parent materials for synthesis of more useful chemicals. Their limited application was ascribed to their unstable irregular patterned structure which cannot be manipulated easily to meet further needs. Structurally, carbon exists in the sp3 and sp2 hybridized state in the crystal lattice of its crystalline allotropes. Due to the salient features of its allotropes, carbon finds application in energy generation and storage, optics, electronics, opto-electronics, electro-catalysis, corrosion control, bio-sensing (diagnostics), sensing, agriculture, water treatment, making of composite materials with unique properties and more. There is no limit to the application of carbon. It was recommended that renewable and sustainable alternative precursors for synthesis of carbon nanomaterials with crystal growth control be sought for.
LIBERATING AND HUMANE EDUCATION PRINCIPLES IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION: Analysis of Paulo Freire’s Thought
Authors: Sudarman Sudarman
Published: October 2018

The education system proposed by Paulo Freire is an educational model that can liberate the verbal and mechanistic human culture. Such a culture, according to Freire, is impossible to lead people to a more authentic and more human life. To achieve this, descriptive educational habits are expected to be shifted towards transformative-dialogue education, so that education is not perceived as a shackling education. Education is expected to produce changes to students, both changes in the quality of thinking, personal quality, social quality, quality of independence and quality of society. That is the paradigm shift of Islamic education, that is changing the paradigm of authoritarian to democratic paradigm, closed to openness, doctrinaire to participatory. Society needs to civilize the tradition of criticism, dialogue, openness, the spirit of pluralism and practical practices that touch the problems of the weak and oppressed by anything politically, economically, socially and culturally.

ملخص

إن نظام التربية التي اقترحها باولو فريري هو نوع التربية التي تقدر على تحرير ثقافة البشر التي ترى شفهية وميكانيكية .هذه الثقافة لا يمكن أن تحمل الإنسان إلى الحياة الحقيقية والإنسانية في نظر فريري .ولتحقيق ذلك، ينبغي أن تحول عادات التربية الوصفية إلى التربية الحوارية التحويلية، حتى لا تكون التربية مقيدة .ويرجى أن تحقق التربية التغيير في الطالب، سواء كان في جودة التفكير والشخصية والاجتماعية والاكتفاء في الذات والتعايش مع المجتمع .والتغيير من النموذج الاستبدادي إلى النموذج الديموقراطي، من الإغلاقي إلى الانفتاحي، من التلقيني إلى الاشتراكي .يحتاج المجتمع إلى تعويد ثقافة النقد، والحوار، والانفتاح، ووعي التعدد والتطبيقات العملية التي تهتم بمشكلات الضعفاء والمضطهدين في كل شيء، سواء كان سياسيا، واقتصاديا، واجتماعيا وثقافيا.

Sistem pendidikan yang ditawarkan oleh Paulo Freire adalah model pendidikan yang dapat membebaskan budaya manusia yang serba verbal dan mekanistik. Budaya semacam ini, di mata Freire, tidak mungkin mengantarkan manusia kepada kehidupan yang lebih otentik dan lebih manusiawi. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, kebiasaan pendidikan deskriptif diharapkan digeser ke arah pendidikan dialogik-transformatif, agar pendidikan tidak dirasakan sebagai pendidikan yang membelenggu. Pendidikan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan perubahan terhadap siswa, baik perubahan dalam kualitas berfikir, kualitas pribadi, kualitas sosial, kualitas kemandiriannya dan kualitas kemasyarakatannya. Perubahan paradigma pendidikan Islam, yaitu merubah paradigma dari paradigma otoriter keparadigma demokratis, tertutup ke keterbukaan, doktriner kepartsiipatoris. Masyarakat perlu membudayakan tradisi kritik, dialog, keterbukaan, semangat pluralisme dan praktik-praktik praktis yang menyentuh permasalahan kaum lemah dan tertindas oleh apapun. Baik secara politik, ekonomi, sosial maupun budaya.
THE ROLES OF PRINCIPALS IN INCREASING EDUCATION QUALITY BY DEVELOPING TEACHER PROFESIONALISM
Authors: Burhanudin Moh.
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Education policy should be supported by educational actors (teachers) who are at the forefront. Efforts to improve the quality of education need to be done gradually based on the strategic plan. One of the efforts to improve teachers' professionalism is through the supervision of teaching. The principal in fostering teacher professionalism is by way of coaching, including (1) developing teachers’ knowledge by suporting them to persue higher education, (2) developing teaching strategy by helping them make learning device, and (3) developing teacher code of ethics by providing role model.

ملخص

سياسة التربية لابد أن يؤيدها عامل التربية الذي يوجد في المقدمة وهو المدرس الذي يمارس عملية التعليم .ومحاولة ترقية جودة التربية لابد أن تنفذ تدريجيا معتمدا على الخطة الاستراتيجية .ومحاولة ترقية كفاءة المدرس تكون بوسيلة إشراف التعليم .ويمكن أن يقوم مدير المدرسة بتنمية كفائة المدرس عن طريق )إشراف كفاءة المدرس العلمية، وذلك عن طريق 1 : الإشراف، )2 . تشجيعه في ترقية مستوى دراسته بمواصلة دراسته إلى المستوى الأعلى إشراف استراتيجية التعليم، وذلك عن طريق مساعدته في إيجاد والوسائل )إشراف في الناحية السلوكية للمدرس، وذلك أن يكون مدير 3 .التعليمية المدرسة قدوة لغيره.

Abstrak

Kebijakan pendidikan harus ditopang oleh pelaku pendidikan yang berada di front terdepan yakni guru melalui interaksinya dalam pendidikan. Upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan perlu dilakukan secara bertahap dengan mengacu pada rencana strategis. Salah satu upaya peningkatan profesional guru adalah melalui supervisi pengajaran. Kepala sekolah dalam membina profesionalisme guru adalah dengan cara pembinaan, meliputi; 1) Pembinaan keilmuan guru, yaitu salah satunya dengan cara mersupport/mendorong peningkatan kualifikasi guru untuk meningkatkan pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi 2) Pembinaan strategi pengajaran, yaitu dengan cara membantu guru dalam pembuatan perangkat pembelajaran. Dan 3) Pembinaan kode etik guru, yaitu bahwa, kepala sekolah dapat di jadikan teladan.
Six Ways to Develop Empathy of Educators
Authors: Syafril Syafrimen , Ishak Noriah Mohd. , Erlina Nova
Published: October 2018

Lack of empathy among educators can affect educational process. The focus of this study is the understanding and developing others which is taken from concept of empathy Golleman-Noriah. Multi-case single-site case study design was used in this study. Some experts were interviewed in-depth (n = 8) and by group (n = 24). All the data were analyzed qualitatively by using NVIVO 8 Software. This research found six ways to develop empathy among educators. Attention, tolerant and humble and flexible with others were ways that can be used to develop in understanding others. Meanwhile, provide support and encouragement, reveal opportunities and provide awareness are ways to develop others potential. To explain the effectiveness of this study, the findings of the previous experts was used as a comparison.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, PERSEPSI HARGA DAN PROMOSI MEDIA LUAR RUANG TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN LAPIS TALAS SANGKURIANG
Authors: Anthony Reza
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Persepsi Harga, Dan Promosi Media Luar Ruang Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada produk Lapis Talas Sangkuriang di Bogor. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang pernah mengkonsumsi Lapis Talas Sangkuriang. Sample ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan jumlah responden ditentukan sebanyak 100. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan kuesioner kepada responden, tentang Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Persepsi Harga, Dan Promosi Media Luar Ruang Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Penelitian ini diolah menggunakan SPSS Regresi Berganda. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) Kualitas Produk memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, dengan hasil nilai koefisien sebesar 0,306 dan nilai t-statistik sebesar 6,147 (>1,661). (2) Persepsi Harga memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, dengan hasil nilai koefisien sebesar 0,219 dan nilai t-statistik sebesar 2,989 (>1,661). (3) Promosi Media Luar Ruang memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, dengan hasil nilai koefisien sebesar 0,128 dan nilai t-statistik sebesar 3,215 (>1,661). (4) Kualitas produk, persepsi harga dan promosi media luar ruang berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian dibuktikan dengan uji simultan f tabel 120.458 > dari f tabel 2.70.
Data visualization for inference in tomographic brain imaging
Authors: Pernet Cyril R , Madan Christopher R
Published: October 2018

Tomographic brain imaging has a rich iconography. Whilst figures are prepared for scientific communication (i.e., directed to other researchers) they also often end-up on magazine and journal covers (i.e., directed to a lay audience). Scientific figures should however not be just glossy illustrations of what is in the text. One of the primary roles of figures is to carry information that cannot be easily explained in words or summarized in tables (Rougier et al., 2014). Poor scientific figures are figures that not only fail to convey additional information, but also figures that convey or induce incorrect information, especially for non-specialists. Here we provide a guideline on which visual information to display and in which context, to improve information content and minimize false inference. We first discuss the use of slices versus renders and in which situations they should be used. We next reiterate the need for unthresholded statistical maps (Jernigan et al.,2003) along with (i) the highlighting of significant areas on such maps (ii) the necessity to plot results in all regions of interest, and (iii) the choice of colour scales. Together, these measures provide additional contextual information and should prevent readers natural tendency to falsely infer differences in activations or absence of activations. Additional recommendations are also given to convey information about hemispheric asymmetry and effect sizes. -- paper published in EJN @ https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14430
Inequality in Context: Neighborhood Environments and the Association Among Education and Health
Authors: Esposito Michael H
Published: October 2018

The association among a college degree and health is know to vary, in strength, across subsections of the United States population. Recent literature suggests that educational gradients in health are particularly dependent on contextual environments; higher-level social features, such as state of residence, have indeed been shown to modify how advanced educational credentials matters to well-being. To add resolution to this emerging insight, this study examines how \neighborhood environments, an especially salient level of geographic organization, impact educational gradients in the US. Using data from the Chicago Community Adult Health Study (n = 3,105) and Bayesian multilevel regression models, I examine how educational disparities in self-rated health and depressive symptomatology, between college and non-college degree holders, grow/shrink in response to a neighborhood-provided resource and with exposure to a neighborhood-level health challenge. Findings suggest that how tightly coupled a college degree is with well-being is strongly contingent upon one's immediate external risks, but less so on one's access to neighborhood social resources.
The mission of pedagogical deontology in the education of the Ukrainian elite in the early twentieth century
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, Ventseva N.
Published: October 2018

The author of the study, based on the analysis of a wide range of sources identifies features of education of the Ukrainian elite in the early twentieth century. The need for the necessity of appearance of new elite segments of the population, is incumbent first and foremost on education because only in educational institutions can educate the national elite. The author notes that in modern pedagogical practice, the concept of "elite" education acquired a large propagation. It is based on introduction of new criteria of separation of mass and elite education: mass – baccalaureate programs; elite – masters program. The publication also discloses the concept of pedagogical ethics as a science about professional demeanor of the teacher educational institution and its commitment. The theoretical basis of pedagogical deontology defined pedagogical ethics, which is a basic ingredient in the formation of professionalism and competence of the modern teacher. It is through professional ethics specifies the principles of universal morality as applied to educational activities, regulates the relations of people in social and professional sphere of life that is connected with objective necessity of a continuous process of production of material and spiritual values. Each historical epoch and each country have own ethical requirements to the teacher as a person, forms the political and national elite of society. The study proved that the beginning of the twentieth century is a separate period in the development of pedagogical deontology as a vehicle for the development of elite education. At this stage, there is a tendency to the development of elite education on humanitarian and democratic grounds. During this period, formed a new framework of pedagogical ethics, which demanded from the teacher proficiency with the subject of self-improvement, morality, optimism, democracy, and demands. Keywords: elite, elite education, pedagogical deontology.
Innovations in teaching in A. Makarenko’s experience
Authors:   Мелітопольський державний педагогічний університет імені Богдана Хмельницького, Dobrovolska L. , Oxa M. ,   Мелітопольський державний педагогічний університет імені Богдана Хмельницького
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the integrated learning in the experience of Makarenko was taken: the formation of a holistic view of the world around the world, a system of knowledge and skills; achievement of high-quality competitive education; creation of optimal conditions for the development of students' thinking in the process of studying study subjects and subjects of the professional theoretical cycle; activating cognitive activity; effective implementation of educational-educational functions of instruction. The emergence of integrated learning as an innovative phenomenon and its introduction into the pedagogical practice of A. S. Makarenko was caused by the urgent need for the formation of an integrative type of thinking of the colonists for their further successful adaptation and competitiveness under the current conditions. In the colony and the commune, in essence, a unique educational educational and production complex was created that carried out re-education and education of adolescents and young men in conditions modeled in the maximum approximation to the conditions of Soviet reality. This complex produced high-quality human "products". Until now, the organization and work of this complex have not been studied and not studied, which is a huge gap in the study of the pedagogical heritage of the conductor, both theoretically and in practice. Without the implementation of this work, the theoretical model of the teaching system AS. Makarenko in general can not be created. The purpose of the integrated learning in the experience of Makarenko was taken: the formation of a holistic view of the world around the world, the system of knowledge and skills; achievement of high-quality competitive education; creation of optimal conditions for the development of students' thinking in the process of studying study subjects and subjects of the professional theoretical cycle; activating cognitive activity; effective implementation of educational and training functions. The emergence of integrated learning as an innovative phenomenon and its introduction into the pedagogical practice of A. S. Makarenko was caused by the urgent need for the formation of an integrative type of thinking of the colonists for their further successful adaptation and competitiveness under the current conditions. Keywords: innovation, training, integrated courses, conduct, AS Makarenko
Antropological measurement of education in creative heritage of Ukrainian pedagogical guides
Authors:   Мелітопольський державний педагогічний університет імені Богдана Хмельницького, Anosov I.
Published: October 2018

The article generalizes the main anthropological positions in the views on the educational process, which are disclosed in the creative heritage of Ukrainian pedagogues-guides K. Ushinsky, A. Makarenko and V. Sukhomlinsky. K. Ushinsky drew attention to the problems of human cognition, the analysis of anthropological, physical, psychological factors of education, the position of man as a part of nature, the need for activity, labor, physical activity. His ideas have not lost their value in the present and should be taken into account in the current conditions of the development of the Ukrainian state and the affirmation of national values. The main features of Makarenko pedagogy should be considered: the dialectical combination and separation of teaching methods from the methodology of education; the unity of education and training of children, the unity of education and life of children, the combination of studying the basic sciences in a secondary school with productive labor; a full-fledged team as a necessary condition for the most complete development of abilities and personality freedoms, a well thought-out system of measures focused on the formation of conscious discipline, new sections of theoretical pedagogy such as pedagogical technology, pedagogical logic, the theory of perspectives, the theory of style and tone of education, the theory of parallel pedagogical action, pedagogy of collective education, which enriches pedagogical anthropology and proves the leadership format of his activity. Sources of pedagogical creativity of V. Sukhomlynsky were classical humanistic heritage, folk pedagogy, advanced pedagogical experience, and the principles of its pedagogical system should be considered development of the ideal of cultural desires of the child (needs in labor, in the creation of goodness, beauty); creating for her “joy of being” and the atmosphere of childhood success, the predominance of positive experiences over negative – the existential conditions that correspond to the nature of the person who learns. It was established that scientists tried to determine the subject of pedagogy and the essence of education; considerable attention was paid to the educational work of the collective as a spiritual environment; the question of the correlation of biological and social. It is proved that the creativity of the outstanding teachers is filled with the views of democracy, humanism, patriotism in the upbringing of the younger generation, focused on the future and better in man, which confirms the leadership format of their activities. Keywords: leadership, anthropologism, humanism, patriotism, dialecticism, synergetics, empathy, anthropological reflection.
Winnicott’ın Gerçek Benlik ve Sahte Benlik Kavramlarının Bir Vaka ve Terapi İlişkisi Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: SARISOY Gizem
Published: October 2018

Winnicott kişilik bozukluklarının ortaya çıkışını gelişimin erken basamaklarında kişilik bütünleşmesinde yaşanan problemlerle ilişkilendirmektedir. Winnicott’a göre bebek dünyaya geldiğinde anneden bağımsız bir mevcudiyeti yoktur. Bununla birlikte bebek “yeterince iyi anne” nin desteği ile aşamalı olarak dış gerçekliğe dair bir kavrayış geliştirir. Fakat anne “yeterince iyi” değilse bebek tüm güçlülük duygularını deneyimleyemez ve dış gerçeklik ile henüz hazır olmadan karşılaşmak durumunda kalır. Bu durum bebeğin gerçek benliğini saklayıp anneye uymasına ve bunun sonucu olarak sahte bir benlik oluşturmasına zemin hazırlayabilir. Kişilik alanında ve kişilerarası işlevsellikte bozulmalar, duygusal değişkenlik, kaygı, depresiflik, dürtüsellik, risk içeren davranışlar, ayrılık kaygısı ve düşmanlık gibi patolojik kişilik özelliklerinin varlığı sınırda kişilik bozukluğunun belirtilerinden bazılarıdır. Bu makalede sınırda kişilik bozukluğu özelliklerini taşıyan Bay B. vakası ve terapi ilişkisi Winnicott’ın gerçek benlik ve sahte benlik kavramları ışığında incelenmiştir. Bay B.’nin temel şikayetlerinin benlik ile ilgili olmasından dolayı terapinin amacı gerçek benliğin ortaya çıkarılması ve geliştirilmesi, bu amaca ulaşmaktaki engellerin anlaşılması ve aşılmaya çalışılması olmuştur
Infección urinaria: un problema frecuente en Pediatría. Revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Troche Avelina Victoria , Araya Soraya
Published: October 2018

La Infección del tractourinario o infección urinaria (ITU) es una patología frecuente en la infancia, dado que el 8-10% de las niñas y el 2-3% de los niños tendrán una ITU sintomática antes de los siete años. Tiene riesgo potencial de producir daño renal permanente y progresivo, por lo que es importante la sospecha clínica para un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces.

El método de recolección de orina se valorará en función de la clínica y la necesidad de iniciar un tratamiento inmediato, realizando siempre el análisis de orina y urocultivo previos al inicio del tratamiento antibiótico.

No hay consenso entre las guías de manejo clínico, sobre los métodos de imagen a ser utilizados después de la primera infección febril, por lo que es motivo de debate.

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sobre los conceptos de diagnóstico y tratamiento en pacientes pediátricos con infección urinaria.

 

Correspondencia: Avelina Troche; Correo: avtrocheh@yahoo.com.ar

Conflicto de Interés: Los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de interés

Recibido: 28/07/2018 Aceptado: 25/08/2018
Assituruseng: Hegemoni Budaya Dalam Praktik Politik dan Kekuasaan di Belawa
Authors: Yusuf Andi Muhammad
Published: October 2018

Local cultural symbols have been used massively along with the spirit of primardialism, subtituting javaneseness nationalism of the New Order. This article aims to examine Bugis cultural values and the shift of meaning used as the preference in the political practice that support power relations. To the present, in the era of local autonomy, the old order has reborn in Buginese culture and force the cultural legitimacy, such as reproduced values and eve more related the political practices and power struggles. Such tendency has resulted in the division of Belawa community into two groups those who geneologically have political power (anakarung) and those who have not. This has formed a patronage stucture relationship based on delicate agreement (assituruseng). Such a values has cultural legacy which is then reproduced as an instrument in the political practice and maintain power domination by anakarung. Such a strategy is a hegemonic effort, utilizing various components of Bugis cultural through symbols and adages.
THE SPECTRAL DECOMPOSITION OF CAUCHY PROBLEM’S SOLUTION FOR LAPLACE EQUATION
Authors: A. А. Shaldanbaeva  , M.I. Akylbayev  , A. Sh. Shaldanbaev  , A.Zh. Beisebaeva
Published: October 2018

The spectral decomposition of Cauchy problem for Laplace equation is obtained in Krein space, and is made a regularization of a problem, using the resolvent of the corresponding operator.
PROBLEM FROM THE THEORY OF BRIDGE EROSION
Authors: S.N. Kharin  , S.A. Kassabek  , M. Slyamkhan
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we represent the exact solution of a two phase Stefan problem. Radial heat polynomialsand integral error function are used for solving bridge problem. The recurrent expressions for the coefficients of these series are presented. The mathematical models describe the dynamics of contact opening and bridging. Keywords: radial heat polynomials, Stefan problem.
Venous Thromboembolism and Peri-Operative Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Population-based Study
Authors: Brennan Kelly , Karim Safiya , Doiron R. Christopher , Siemens D. Robert , Booth Christopher M.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Chemotherapy and major pelvic surgery are established risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We evaluate the incidence rate, timing, and factors associated with VTE in patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy and peri-operative chemotherapy in routine clinical practice.

Methods:

Electronic records of treatment were linked to the population-based Ontario Cancer Registry to identify all patients who underwent cystectomy for bladder cancer in Ontario 1994–2013. VTE events within 6 months of before or after cystectomy were identified using diagnostic codes recorded on hospital admissions and emergency department visits. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with VTE prior to surgery, within 90-days of cystectomy, and 120-days after the start of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Results:

4205 patients had cystectomy and 26% (1084/4205) received peri-operative chemotherapy. The overall incidence rate of VTE within 6 months of cystectomy was 9% (363/4205). VTE rate was highest among those patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) compared to patients treated with no chemotherapy or only adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) (12% vs 8% vs 9%, p = 0.002). Among all VTE events, 10%, 28%, and 61% occurred before, during, and after hospitalization for cystectomy. Pre-operative VTE rate was highest among cases treated with NACT (4%) compared to patients with no chemotherapy (<1%) or ACT (<1%) ( p < 0.001). VTE within 90 days of surgery was associated with greater length of hospital admission ( p < 0.001) across all treatment groups.

Conclusions:

A substantial proportion of patients treated with peri-operative chemotherapy will develop VTE. The majority of these occur after discharge from hospital following cystectomy. Extended thromboprophylaxis treatment in high-risk patients including those who receive peri-operative chemotherapy should be considered.
Patterns of Neuropsychological Dysfunction and Cortical Volume Changes in Logopenic Aphasia
Authors: Owens Tyler E. , Machulda Mary M. , Duffy Joseph R. , Strand Edythe A. , Clark Heather M. , Boland Sarah , Martin Peter R. , Lowe Val J. , Jack Clifford R , Whitwell Jennifer L. , Josephs Keith A.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Neuropsychological assessment can add essential information to the characterization of individuals presenting with the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA).

Objective:

This study examined the neuropsychological characteristics of lvPPA patients. We also examined differences in regional and whole brain atrophy based on neuropsychological profiles.

Methods:

We conducted a hierarchical cluster analysis on memory, executive functioning, and visuospatial neuropsychological test data for 56 individuals with lvPPA. We then compared resultant clusters to left middle temporal, inferior parietal, and superior parietal regions-of-interest using multivariate analysis of covariance. We also performed voxel-level analyses.

Results:

We identified three clusters characterized as lvPPA with no neurocognitive impairment ( n = 5), lvPPA with mild neurocognitive deficits ( n = 23), and lvPPA with marked cognitive deficits ( n = 28). WAB-AQ was associated with left middle temporal volume. Superior parietal volumes were smaller for the lvPPA group with marked cognitive symptoms compared to the less severe groups. Voxel-level analyses showed greater atrophy in temporal, parietal, lateral occipital, and frontal regions, left worse than right. Age, disease duration, gender, WAB-AQ, and PiB-PET did not account for differences between groups.

Conclusions:

LvPPA patients without cognitive deficits in other domains were relatively uncommon while 50% of our sample exhibited pronounced neurocognitive deficits outside the language domain. Pronounced cognitive deficits in lvPPA are associated with widespread atrophy, left worse than right. Our study underscores the importance of examining neuropsychological function in addition to language in patients with lvPPA.
Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Modulation of Neuronal Exosome Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Winston Charisse N. , Goetzl Edward J. , Baker Laura D. , Vitiello Michael V. , Rissman Robert A.
Published: October 2018

Age-related changes in cognition are linked to decreased expression of somatotropins, GHRH and IGF-1. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are heterogeneous conditions. The loss of GHRH signaling in the brain may be mechanistically involved in AD pathogenesis. The consequent need to identify AD at an early and perhaps more treatable stage has fueled research into blood-based, exosome biomarkers. Plasma exosomes from participants enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 20-week trial of GHRH administration, were isolated, precipitated, and enriched by immuno-absorption with anti-L1CAM antibody (neural adhesion protein) from adults with MCI and age-matched, cognitively normal controls (CNC). Extracted protein cargo from neuronally-derived exosomes (NDEs) were assessed by ELISAs for protein levels implicated in AD neuropathology and for synaptic proteins altered by AD. Plasma NDE concentrations of Aβ1-42 were significantly increased while plasma NDE concentrations of NRGN, synaptophysin, synaptotagmin, and synaptopodin were significantly decreased in patients with MCI, independent of GHRH treatment. Plasma NDE concentrations of ptau-S396 and GAP43 were not affected by cognitive status (CNC versus MCI) or by GHRH treatment. Aβ1-42, neurogranin (NRGN), synaptophysin, synaptotagmin, and synaptopodin demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between CNC and MCI patients, while synaptophysin and synaptotagmin demonstrated moderate accuracy in distinguishing between placebo-treated and GHRH-treated, MCI patients.
DJ-1 Suppresses Cytoplasmic TDP-43 Aggregation in Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Injury
Authors: Lei Yang , Zhang Zhi-Feng , Lei Rui-Xue , Wang Shu , Zhuang Yang , Liu An-Chun , Wu Yan , Chen Juan , Tang Jun-Chun , Pan Meng-Xian , Liu Rui , Liao Wei-Jing , Feng Yu-Gong , Wan Qi , Zheng Mei
Published: October 2018

DJ-1 (also called PARK7) is a multifunctional redox-sensitive protein that is protective against oxidative stress-induced cell death. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a major protein component of pathological inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Reducing aberrant aggregation of TDP-43 is a potential approach to prevent cell death. To investigate whether DJ-1 might inhibit TDP-43 aggregation to exert a protective effect in oxidative stress-induced injury, we tested the protein level and subcellular localization of TDP-43 and DJ-1 in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with wild-type DJ-1, DJ-1 mutant (L166P) cDNA, or DJ-1 siRNA. We show that oxidative stress induced by paraquat leads to the formation of cytosolic TDP-43 aggregation in SH-SY5Y cells. DJ-1 overexpression decreases paraquat-induced cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 in SH-SY5Y cells and protects against paraquat-induced cell death. Transfection of DJ-1 L166P mutant or DJ-1 siRNA leads to increased cytosolic aggregation of TDP-43 in paraquat-treated SH-SY5Y cells and promotes cell death. These data suggest that DJ-1 may protect against oxidative stress-induced cell death through the suppression of cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregation.
Impaired Spike Timing Dependent Cortico-Cortical Plasticity in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Authors: Di Lorenzo Francesco , Ponzo Viviana , Motta Caterina , Bonnì Sonia , Picazio Silvia , Caltagirone Carlo , Bozzali Marco , Martorana Alessandro , Koch Giacomo
Published: October 2018

Background:

Mechanisms of cortical plasticity have been recently investigated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols showing a clear impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) cortical-like plasticity mechanisms.

Objective:

We aimed to investigate mechanisms of cortico-cortical spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) in AD patients investigating the connections between posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and primary motor cortex (M1).

Methods:

We used a cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (cc-PAS) protocol to repeatedly activate the connection between PPC and M1 of the left-dominant hemisphere in a sample of fifteen AD patients and ten age-matched healthy subjects. PPC transcranial magnetic stimulation preceded (ccPAS +5) or followed M1 stimulation (ccPAS – 5) by 5 ms. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were collected to assess the time course of the after effects of cc-PAS protocol measuring MEP amplitude as index of cortico-cortical associative plasticity.

Results:

In healthy subjects, ccPAS – 5 protocol induced the expected long-lasting increase of MEP amplitude compatible with LTP-like cortical plasticity while PAS +5 protocol induced the opposite effect. AD patients did not show any significant modification of the amplitude of MEP after both ccPAS protocols.

Conclusions:

Our study shows that in AD patients the time-locked activation of human cortico-cortical connections is not able to form STDP, reflecting an impairment of a multi-factor plasticity process.
DNA Hypomethylation in Blood Links B3GALT4 and ZADH2 to Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Madrid Andy , Hogan Kirk J. , Papale Ligia A. , Clark Lindsay R. , Asthana Sanjay , Johnson Sterling C. , Alisch Reid S.
Published: October 2018

Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) between persons with and without late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) were observed at 477 of 769,190 loci in a plurality of genes. Of these, 17 were shared with DMPs identified using clinical LOAD markers analyzed independently as continuous variables comprising Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test scores, cerebrospinal fluid total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181) levels, and t-tau/Aβ1–42 (Aβ42), p-tau181/Aβ42, and Aβ42/Aβ1–40 (Aβ40) ratios. In patients with LOAD, 12 of the shared 17 DMPs were hypomethylated in B3GALT4 (Beta-1,3-galatcosyltransferase 4) (EC 2.4.1.62), and 5 were hypomethylated in ZADH2 (Prostaglandin reductase 3) (EC 1.3.1.48).
Protofibrillar and Fibrillar Amyloid-β Binding Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Rahman M. Mahafuzur , Westermark Gunilla T. , Zetterberg Henrik , Härd Torleif , Sandgren Mats
Published: October 2018

Aggregation and deposition of misfolded amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in the brain is central to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Oligomeric, protofibrillar, and fibrillar forms of Aβ are believed to be neurotoxic and cause neurodegeneration in AD, but the toxicity mechanisms are not well understood and may involve Aβ-interacting molecular partners. In a previous study, we identified potential Aβ42 protofibrillar-binding proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using an engineered version of Aβ42 (Aβ42CC) that forms protofibrils, but not fibrils. Here we studied binding of proteins to Aβ42 fibrils in AD and non-AD CSF and compared these with protofibrillar Aβ42CC-binding partners. Aβ42 fibrils sequestered 2.4-fold more proteins than Aβ42CC protofibrils. Proteins with selective binding to fibrillar aggregates with low nanomolar affinity were identified. We also found that protofibrillar and fibrillar Aβ-binding proteins represent distinct functional categories. Aβ42CC protofibrils triggered interactions with proteins involved in catalytic activities, like transferases and oxidoreductases, while Aβ42 fibrils were more likely involved in binding to proteoglycans, growth factors and neuron-associated proteins, e.g., neurexin-1, -2, and -3. Interestingly, 10 brain-enriched proteins were identified among the fibril-binding proteins, while protofibril-extracted proteins had more general expression patterns. Both types of Aβ aggregates bound several extracellular proteins. Additionally, we list a set of CSF proteins that might have potential to discriminate between AD and non-AD CSF samples. The results may be of relevance both for biomarker studies and for studies of Aβ-related toxicity mechanisms.
Sub-session hijacking on the web: Root causes and prevention
Authors: Calzavara Stefano , Rabitti Alvise , Bugliesi Michele
Published: October 2018

Since cookies act as the only proof of a user identity, web sessions are particularly vulnerable to session hijacking attacks, where the browser run by a given user sends requests associated to the identity of another user. When [Formula: see text] cookies are used to implement a session, there might actually be n sub-sessions running at the same website, where each cookie is used to retrieve part of the state information related to the session. Sub-session hijacking breaks the ideal view of the existence of a unique user session by selectively hijacking m sub-sessions, with [Formula: see text]. This may reduce the security of the session to the security of its weakest sub-session. In this paper, we take a systematic look at the root causes of sub-session hijacking attacks and we introduce sub-session linking as a possible defense mechanism. Out of two flavors of sub-session linking desirable for security, which we call intra-scope and inter-scope sub-session linking respectively, only the former is relatively smooth to implement. Luckily, we also identify programming practices to void the need for inter-scope sub-session linking. We finally present Warden, a server-side proxy which automatically enforces intra-scope sub-session linking on incoming HTTP(S) requests, and we evaluate it in terms of protection, performances, backward compatibility and ease of deployment.
Enteral fish oil supplementation in the resolution of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis
Authors: Thavamani A. , Mhanna M.J. , Groh-Wargo S. , Gulati R. , Shekhawat P.S.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE:

To analyze safety, tolerance and efficacy of enteral omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) in the resolution of Parenteral Nutrition Associated Cholestasis (PNAC) and postnatal growth among preterm neonates.

STUDY DESIGN:

This is a single center retrospective case-control study of all neonates born less than 32 weeks of gestation and developed PNAC (Direct bilirubin >2 mg/dl). Infants who received enteral omega-3 FAs supplementation (1 g/Kg/d) served as cases and were compared with gestational age, gender and direct bilirubin level matched controls who did not receive enteral omega-3 FAs supplementation.

RESULTS:

A total of 48 infants were analyzed, 24 who received enteral omega-3 fatty acids were matched with 24 controls. The omega-3 FAs and control groups were similar in gestational age (weeks) and birth weight (gram). Overall there were no differences between the two groups in infants’ demographics or clinical characteristics including risk factors for the development of PNAC. Infants who received enteral omega-3 FAs had significantly fewer days of cholestasis ( p = 0.025) and a higher average daily weight gain (grams/day) ( p = 0.011) than their controls. In a linear regression analysis with days of cholestasis as the dependent variable and Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and Omega-3 FAs as independent variables, enteral omega-3 FAs remained associated with a shorter duration of cholestasis, p < 0.001.

CONCLUSION:

Enteral fish oil is inexpensive, safe & well tolerated in preterm neonates with no contraindications to enteral feeding. Enteral omega-3 FAs are easy to administer and help in rapid resolution of PNAC while promoting postnatal weight gain in preterm infants.
Neonatologists less frequently discuss long term complications: A simulation-based study of prenatal consults beyond the threshold of viability
Authors: Humphrey J.D. , Hagan J.L. , Suresh G.K. , Sundgren N.C.
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:

Guidelines exist for counseling expectant families of infants at periviable gestational ages (22–25 weeks), but it is much more common for neonatologists to counsel families at gestational ages beyond the threshold of viability when several aspects of these guidelines do not apply. We aimed to develop an understanding of what information is shared with mothers at risk of preterm delivery beyond periviability and to evaluate communication skills of our participants.

METHODS:

We developed a checklist of elements to include in counseling based on a comprehensive literature review. The checklist was divided into an information sharing section and a connect score. The information sharing list was sub-divided into general information and specific complications. Neonatologists engaged in a simulated prenatal counseling session with a standardized patient. Videotaped encounters were then analyzed for checklist elements.

RESULTS:

Neonatologists all scored well in communication using our tool and two other validated communication tools - the SEGUE and the analytic global OSCE. There was no difference in scoring based on years of experience or level of training. Information sharing from neonatologists more often discussed general information over specific. Neonatologists also focused more on early outcomes over long-term outcomes. Only 12% of neonatologists quoted the correct survival rate for the case.

CONCLUSIONS:

Neonatologists generally communicate well but share less information specific to prematurity and the long-term sequelae of prematurity. Our tool may be used to test if other interventions improve information sharing or communication.
The effect of vacancy diffusion and concentration on creep crack initiation in weldment of a C(T) specimen for high Cr steel
Authors: Toshimitsu Yokobori, Jr A. , Sugiura Ryuji , Sato Kazuto , Shigeyama Haruhisa , Tabuchi Masaaki
Published: October 2018

In the present paper, to investigate the effect of vacancy diffusion and concentration on creep crack initiation and growth process for weldments, the numerical analyses of diffusion and concentration of vacancy around a notch tip of C(T) specimen in the heat affected zone (HAZ) were conducted based on the proposed 𝛼 multiplication and FEM-FDM methods. As an analytical result, the vacancy diffusion and concentration behavior around a notch tip of C(T) specimen in the heat affected zone for P92 steel was found to be dominated by the distribution of multi-axiality of the stress caused by inhomogeneous property of regions of fine and coarse grains in HAZ. It is also found to be closely related to the creep damage formation and the initial direction of creep crack growth.
Uncertainty in multi-scale fatigue life modeling and a new approach to estimating frequency of in-service inspection of aging components
Authors: Fong Jeffrey T. , Heckert N. Alan , Filliben James J. , Freiman Stephen W.
Published: October 2018

Uncertainty in modeling the fatigue life of a full-scale component using experimental data at microscopic (Level 1), specimen (Level 2), and full-size (Level 3) scales, is addressed by applying statistical theory of prediction intervals, and that of tolerance intervals based on the concept of coverage, p. Using a nonlinear least squares fit algorithm and the physical assumption that the one-sided Lower Tolerance Limit ( LTL), at 95% confidence level, of the fatigue life, i.e., the minimum cycles-to-failure, minNf, of a full-scale component, cannot be negative as the lack or “Failure” of coverage ( Fp), defined as 1 − p, approaches zero, we develop a new fatigue life model, where the minimum cycles-to-failure, minNf, at extremely low “Failure” of coverage, Fp, can be estimated. Since the concept of coverage is closely related to that of an inspection strategy, and if one assumes that the predominent cause of failure of a full-size component is due to the “Failure” of inspection or coverage, it is reasonable to equate the quantity, Fp, to a Failure Probability, FP, thereby leading to a new approach of estimating the frequency of in-service inspection of a full-size component. To illustrate this approach, we include a numerical example using the published data of the fatigue of an AISI 4340 steel (N.E. Dowling, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, ASTM, Vol. 1(4) (1973), 271–287) and a linear least squares fit to generate the necessary uncertainties for performing a dynamic risk analysis, where a graphical plot of an estimate of risk with uncertainty vs. a predicted most likely date of a high consequence failure event becomes available. In addition, a nonlinear least squares logistic function fit of the fatigue data yields a prediction of the statistical distribution of both the ultimate strength and the endurance limit.
Variáveis de funcionamento da telemedicina em serviços de saúde estaduais do México, 2016.
Authors: Pacheco López Adrian , Silva Flores Miriam
Published: October 2018

Introdução: Analisar as variáveis “número de teleconsultas” e “sessões de teleducação” apresentadas pelos serviços estaduais de saúde do México, no Sistema de Informação em Saúde, em 2016, para determinar sua utilidade no acompanhamento da operação de programas de telemedicina. Resultados: Entidades federais que reportaram ao Sistema de Informação de Saúde dos serviços do Estado, 16; relataram teleconsultas, 182.051; sessões de teleducação, 1.181.Conclusões: Integrar as teleconsultas nos relatórios oficiais de produtividade do Ministério da Saúde, permite identificar os serviços estaduais de saúde que operam serviços de telessaúde.