bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of masticatory capacity and efficiency in total and partial edentulous patients in Araraquara
Authors: Domingos Patricia Aleixo dos Santos , De Oliveira Ana Luísa Botta Martins , Dos Reis Ariellen Amanda
Published: April 2018

Aim: This study aims to compare masticatory performance between total prosthesis users and individuals with partial or total natural dentition to evaluate masticatory capacity and efficiency in individuals in Araraquara/SP.Material and Methods: 31 individuals between 55 and 99 years old were evaluated, both genders, frequent users of Dentistry Clinic of the University of Araraquara (Uniara) and residents at Recanto Feliz, in the same town. A cognitive evaluation was carried out through a mini mental state examination in order to define inclusion criteria to individuals of sample. Next, a questionnaire was applied, with pre-coded questions on the masticatory capacity and an efficiency test, through the grinding test, where patients received 5 almonds to be grinded and not swallowed. The fragments were poured in granulometric sieves (2mm, 4mm and 4,75mm) to analyze the food fragmentation under tap water. Participants were divided into 3 groups: G1 (n=13) – superior and inferior total prosthesis user, or total or partial edentulous; G2 (n=4) – Total prosthesis user and/or partial removal prosthesis user (PRP) or partial dentition; and G3 (n=14) – complete or partial dentition or PRP user.Results: Efficiency test results showed the G1 patients presented good efficiency and 8 were considered poor; G2 patients were all classified as poor, and G3 patients were 9 poor, 2 regular and 3 good. Regarding to the questionnaires, most patients from the 3 groups felt impossibility to masticate some food, and need special preparation to chew. On take more time to masticate when compared to other people, all patients from G2 answered affirmatively, while only 46.1% G1 and 50% G3 gave the same answer.Just 15.4% G1 and 28.6% G2 are not satisfied with the tame they take.About avoid in front of other people, most patients from G2 and G3 use to, however, 69.2% G1 answered negatively. Regarding to the masticatory capacity self-evaluation, they answered regular.Conclusions: Masticatory efficiency of people using removable prosthesis did not achieve the ideal of a complete dentition. However, it is still better than in individuals with partial dentition or not rehabilitated.
Knowledge, attitude towards impact of periodontal diseases on cardiac health among dental and medical practitioners in a city in Chhattisgarh state, India
Authors: Abraham Dennis V , Bhatia Priyamvada , Khan Abdul Sahid , Deora Savita , Saini Aditya
Published: April 2018

Aim: The present study is conducted to explore the knowledge, attitude towards impact of periodontal diseases on cardiac health among general practitioners.Material and Methods: The present study is a Cross-sectional questionnaire descriptive study. The present study was conducted in a city in Chhattisgarh state among the general dental and medical practitioners running their private clinic. Dental and medical practitioners present on day of survey in the clinic and given their written informed consent were interviewed by the single investigator.Results: To the questions regarding impact of periodontal diseases on cardiac health, 23 (56%) of dental practitioners agree with this fact while for 21 (55%) of medical practitioners says that there is no impact. Majority of study subjects 71 (90%) agree with the statement that patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease are more likely to have periodontal disease. Forty-two (53%) of study participants agree with the fact that controlling periodontal diseases is important for managing cardiovascular disease.Conclusions: It has been concluded that both dental and medical practitioners had moderate knowledge and fair attitude towards the impact towards impact of periodontal diseases on cardiac health.
COOPERAÇÃO ENTRE TECNOLOGIA E TURISMO: A IMPORTÂNCIA DE DIAGNOSTICAR A MATURIDADE DOS CLUSTERS
Authors: Martins Cristina , Fiates Gabriela Gonçalves Silveira , Pacheco Anderson Sasaki Vasques
Published: April 2018

Na presente pesquisa objetiva-se identificar o processo de formação e o nível de maturidade dos clusters de tecnologia e de turismo de Florianópolis. Assim, analisou-se um estudo de caso descrito por meio de três modelos de análise, em que os dados foram coletados por questionários e entrevistas. Como principais resultados, observou-se que ambos os clusters se desenvolveram de forma orgânica, mas atualmente o cluster tecnológico encontra-se em um estágio mais avançado do que o cluster de turismo. Sugere-se que ambos fortaleçam as parcerias entre si e com o setor público, criando ações coletivas e expandindo internacionalmente sua visibilidade.
EVIDENCIAÇÃO DE INVESTIMENTOS EM CAPITAL HUMANO NOS RELATÓRIOS DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO DAS MELHORES EMPRESAS PARA TRABALHAR
Authors: Meurer Alison Martins , Lopes Iago França , Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: April 2018

Este estudo tem o objetivo de caracterizar os elementos de capital humano evidenciados no Relatório da Administração (RA) das melhores empresas para trabalhar listadas na Brasil Bolsa Balcão (B3). Para tal, caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Para a discussão dos dados, fez-se uso de análises categóricas a partir de uma pesquisa documental tendo como alvo os Relatórios da Administração das empresas. Os resultados indicam que a preocupação das organizações analisadas, por meio da linguagem e dos dados expostos, é legitimar suas ações frente à sociedade e investir em práticas voltadas ao capital humano, com o intuito de maximizar seu valor e atingir seus objetivos estratégicos-operacionais.
INDICADORES DA AVALIAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL: PERCEPÇÃO DE DIRIGENTES E INTEGRANTES DAS CPA
Authors: Soares Thiago Coelho , Mazon Gisele , Soares João Coelho
Published: April 2018

O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em comparar a percepção de dirigentes e integrantes das Comissões Própria de Avaliação (CPA) acerca dos indicadores da avaliação institucional. Para isto elencou-se, a partir da teoria, indicadores de avaliação de desempenho aplicados em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). Posteriormente elaboraram-se testes estatísticos para comparar a percepção dos dirigentes e dos integrantes das CPA. Primeiramente, destaca-se que a representatividade dos integrantes da CPA como representante da instituição no e-MEC é de sete por cento. Posteriormente, dos indicadores estudados nesta pesquisa, três possuíram diferença estatística na percepção dos dois grupos, gestores e representantes da comissão.
PROCESSO DE INCUBAÇÃO COMO ESTIMULADOR DE INOVAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO COM EM-PRESAS INCUBADAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Minello Italo Fernando , Marinho Estêvão Da Silva , Bürger Rafaela Escobar
Published: April 2018

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o processo de incubação enquanto estimulador de inovação em empresas incubadas, na percepção de gestores que vivenciam este processo na ITSM.  Para isto foram entrevistados oito gestores de negócios incubados. Os questionamentos abordaram a percepção dos gestores acerca do processo de incubação e seu papel enquanto estimulador de inovação. Para a análise utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo Bardin (2011). A partir da perspectiva dos incubados, a ITSM proporcionou oportunidades de desenvolvimento para os indivíduos, bem como para seus negócios, estimulando ações suas inovadoras por meio de um caráter experiencial.
Environmental Lead Exposure and Adult Literacy in Myanmar: An Exploratory Study of Potential Associations at the Township Level
Authors: MacTavish Robert C. , Remillard Liam W. , Davison Colleen M.
Published: April 2018

Environmental lead exposure is a population health concern in many low- and middle-income countries. Lead is found throughout Myanmar and prior to the 1940s, the country was the largest producer of lead worldwide. The aim of this study was to examine any potential association between lead mining and adult literacy rates at the level of the 330 townships in Myanmar. Townships were identified as lead or non-lead mining areas and 2015 census data were examined with association being identified using descriptive, analytical and spatial statistical methods. Overall, there does appear to be a significant relationship between lead mining activity and adult literacy levels (P<0.05) among townships with both low access [OR= 2.701 (1.136-6.421)] as well as townships with high access to safe sanitation [OR=18.40 (1.794-188.745)]. LISA cluster maps confirm these findings. This exploratory analysis is a first step in the examination of potential environmental lead exposure and its implications in Myanmar.
Development of a Food-Based Index of Dietary Inflammatory Potential for Koreans and Its Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome  
Authors: Na Woori , Yu Tae Yang , Sohn Cheongmin
Published: April 2018

Inflammation is known to be risk factors for metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study was to develop a Food-based Index of Dietary Inflammatory Potential (FBDI) and conduct its validation assessment. This study analyzed raw data from Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study 2012–2014 data of 17,771 people. We carried out the correlation analysis between 51 food groups and hs-CRP. The FBDI was developed by multiple regression method with hs-CRP and selected 17 food group. For the validation of FBDI, 7795 people in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHAES) was used. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for risk analysis of metabolic syndrome and FBDI. The FBDI model included that 7 were composed of anti-inflammatory food groups and 3 of inflammatory food groups. The FBDI was calculated by multiplying the intake of food group by β coefficients. KNHAES were included in the validation of FBDI. The risk of metabolic syndrome was found to be 2.152 times higher in the group with the highest FBDI than in the group with the lowest one (95% Cl:1.458–3.178, p for trend = 0.000). This study developed FBDI reflecting food intake for Koreans, which showed a significant relationship with the risk of metabolic syndrome.
2017 FDA Peptide Harvest
Authors: Al Musaimi Othman , Alshaer Danah , de la Torre Beatriz G. , Albericio Fernando
Published: April 2018

2017 was an excellent year in terms of new drugs (chemical entities and biologics) approved by the FDA, with a total of forty-six. In turn, one of the highlights was the number of peptides (six) included in this list. Here, the six peptides are analysed in terms of chemical structure, synthetic strategy used for their production, source, biological target, and mode of action.
The Size and Content of the Sex-Determining Region of the Y Chromosome in Dioecious Mercurialis annua, a Plant with Homomorphic Sex Chromosomes
Authors: Veltsos Paris , Cossard Guillaume , Beaudoing Emmanuel , Beydon Genséric , Roux Camille , González-Martínez Santiago C. , Pannell John R.
Published: April 2018

Many dioecious plants have sex chromosomes that are cytologically heteromorphic, but about half of species lack cytological differences between males and females and are thus homomorphic. Very little is known about the size and content of the non-recombining sex-determining region (SDR) in these species. Here, we assess the size and content of the SDR of the diploid dioecious herb Mercurialis annua, which has homomorphic sex chromosomes and shows signatures of mild Y-chromosome degeneration. We used RNAseq to identify new Y-linked markers for M. annua. Twelve of 24 transcripts with male-specific and male-biased expression could only be PCR-amplified from males and are thus Y-linked. We found a further six Y-linked sequences that were present in males but not females using genome capture data from multiple populations. We used the Y-linked sequences to identify and sequence 17 sex-linked bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), which form 11 groups of non-overlapping sequence, covering a total sequence length of about 1.5 Mb. Content analysis of this region suggests it is enriched for repeats, has a low gene density and contains few candidate sex-determining genes. The BACs map to a subset of the sex-linked region of the genetic map, which is estimated to be at least 14.5 Mb. This is substantially larger than estimates for other dioecious plants with homomorphic sex chromosomes, especially given the small genome size of M. annua. Our data provide a rare, high-resolution view of the homomorphic Y chromosome of a dioecious plant.
Modeling the Population Health Impact of Introducing a Modified Risk Tobacco Product into the U.S. Market
Authors: Djurdjevic Smilja , Lee Peter N. , Weitkunat Rolf , Sponsiello-Wang Zheng , Lüdicke Frank , Baker Gizelle
Published: April 2018

Philip Morris International (PMI) has developed the Population Health Impact Model (PHIM) to quantify, in the absence of epidemiological data, the effects of marketing a candidate modified risk tobacco product (cMRTP) on the public health of a whole population. Various simulations were performed to understand the harm reduction impact on the U.S. population over a 20-year period under various scenarios. The overall reduction in smoking attributable deaths (SAD) over the 20-year period was estimated as 934,947 if smoking completely went away and between 516,944 and 780,433 if cMRTP use completely replaces smoking. The reduction in SADs was estimated as 172,458 for the World Health Organization (WHO) 2025 Target and between 70,274 and 90,155 for the gradual cMRTP uptake. Combining the scenarios (WHO 2025 Target and cMRTP uptake), the reductions were between 256,453 and 268,796, depending on the cMRTP effective dose. These results show how a cMRTP can reduce overall population harm additionally to existing tobacco control efforts.
The Genetic Coding System and Unitary Matrices
Authors: Petoukhov Sergey
Published: April 2018

Information molecules of DNA and RNA should obey principles of quantum mechanics where unitary operators in form of unitary matrices have key meanings. Unitary matrices are the basis of calculations in quantum computers. This article presents some author's results, which show that matrix forms of the representation of structured systems of molecular-genetic alphabets can be considered as sets of sparse unitary matrices related with phenomenologic features of the degeneracy of the genetic code. These sparse unitary matrices have orthogonal systems of functions in their rows and columns. A complementarity exists among some unitary genetic matrices in relation each other.  Decompositions of numeric genetic matrices into sets of sparse unitary matrices are connected with the logical operation of modulo-2 addition used in quantum computers as well. Tensor (or Kronecker)  families of unitary genetic matrices with their fractal-like properties are also considered. The described results are discussed in the frame of development of quantum-information approaches for modeling genetic systems.
The ECL Optimization and Experiment of HSPMSM with Improved Method
Authors: Liu Xu
Published: April 2018

The eddy current loss should be optimized to be as less as possible for the stability of permanent magnet in high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (HSPMSM) rotor and ensure the high efficiency and low temperature of the motor. This paper analyzes the eddy current distribution in rotor, with consideration of the conflict of the thickness of sleeve and diameter of the rotor, calculating the eddy current loss (ECL) and the thermal distribution via Separation of variables method for solving Maxwell's equations with analytical hieratical model of ECL constructed. The optimization result of ECL of the HSPMSM whose power and rated speed is 30kw 48000r/min can be got by multi-objective optimization method, combined weighting coefficient method and traversal algorithm based on chaotic local search particle swarm optimization (CLSPSO), utilizing ECL analytical model and other analytical constraints. Related experiment and measurement has been implemented with new approach of loss separation.
Outer Membrane Protein A Conservation among Orientia tsutsugamushi Isolates Suggests Its Potential as a Protective Antigen and Diagnostic Target
Authors: Evans Sean M. , Adcox Haley E. , VieBrock Lauren , Green Ryan S. , Luce-Fedrow Alison , Chattopadhyay Suschsmita , Jiang Ju , Marconi Richard T. , Paris Daniel , Richards Allen L. , Carlyon Jason A.
Published: April 2018

Scrub typhus threatens one billion people in the Asia-Pacific area and cases have emerged outside this region. It is caused by infection with any of the multitude of strains of the bacterium, Orientia tsutsugamushi. A vaccine that affords heterologous protection and a commercially available molecular diagnostic assay are lacking. Herein, we determined that the nucleotide and translated amino acid sequences of outer membrane protein A (OmpA) are highly conserved among 51 O. tsutsugamushi isolates. Molecular modeling revealed the predicted tertiary structure of O. tsutsugamushi OmpA to be very similar to that of the phylogenetically related pathogen, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, including the location of a helix that contains residues functionally essential for A. phagocytophilum infection. PCR primers were developed that amplified ompA DNA from all O. tsutsugamushi strains, but not from negative control bacteria. Using these primers in quantitative real-time PCR enabled sensitive detection and quantitation of O. tsutsugamushi ompA DNA from organs of mice that had been experimentally infected with the Karp or Gilliam strains. The high degree of OmpA conservation among O. tsutsugamushi strains evidences its potential to serve as a molecular diagnostic target and justifies its consideration as a candidate for developing a broadly protective scrub typhus vaccine.
Severity and Effect of ADS-B Message Drop Out in Detect and Avoid of Unmanned Aircraft System
Authors: Tabassum Asma , Semke William
Published: April 2018

This work analyzes the severity and risk associated with Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) message drop out in Detect and Avoid (DAA) for Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). Performance assessment of UAT ADS-B message implies that ADS-B may fail to update within specified update interval which is referred to as drop out. UAT ADS-B is a fundamental surveillance sensor for both class 1 and class 2 DAA. Message discontinuation or drop out has been found as one of the anomalies of the ADS-B system. Hence to ensure safe and reliable operation of UAS; hazard and risk assessment is essential. The severity and risk associate with drop out was assessed in this work. The drop out induced in the simulation was identified from the UAT ADS-B archived data. The data were received from the Grand Forks International Airport, North Dakota. Simulation results depicts that both the duration of drop out and DAA look-ahead time effect the safe operation of UAS and as a repercussion result in degraded situational awareness. The risk was also quantified with risk matrix in order to measure the overall threat. A system level analysis was carried out to recognize the potential reasons behind ADS-B drop out.
Briófitas e Pteridófitas: A Perspectiva dos Alunos do Sétimo Ano do Ensino Fundamental de Jaguaribe, CE
Authors: Fernandes da Silva Maria Milena , Oliveira Barros Ileane
Published: April 2018

Apesar de a botânica estar presente em nosso cotidiano, o seu ensino tem se apresentado distante da realidade dos alunos, com aulas expositivas e pouco contextualizadas, o que ocasiona reduzido interesse dos discentes por essa área de estudo. Em particular, o ensino de briófitas e pteridófitas é dificultado pela menor representação destas no bioma caatinga, onde este estudo ocorreu, o que limita a compreensão de informações acerca desses organismos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a percepção dos alunos do sétimo ano do ensino fundamental sobre as plantas em geral e sobre briófitas e pteridófitas, especificamente, antes e após a realização de uma oficina sobre esses vegetais. A pesquisa aconteceu com quatro turmas de sétimo ano da rede pública de ensino fundamental da cidade de Jaguaribe por meio de dois questionários abertos, aplicados aos cento e sete alunos antes e após a oficina. Os discentes apresentaram uma visão homogênea e estereotipada em relação às plantas, além de mostrarem pouco conhecimento sobre briófitas e pteridófitas. Entretanto, a realização da oficina trouxe contribuições para a mudança na percepção sobre as plantas, pois as respostas após a atividade se tornaram mais completas e os grupos briófitas, pteridófitas e gimnospermas passaram a ser citados ou representados após a atividade.
The Role of Inflammation in Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Heart Diseases
Authors: Matloch Zdenek , Cinkajzlova Anna , Mraz Milos , Haluzik Martin
Published: April 2018

Epicardial adipose tissue is not only a specific adipose tissue depot but also an active endocrine organ
producing numerous substances with an important role in the development of obesity-related heart diseases. It is
located between myocardium and visceral pericardium and consists predominantly of adipocytes, immunocompetent
cells, ganglia and interconnecting nerve branches. Several studies documented a positive correlation between
pericardial and epicardial fat and left ventricular hypertrophy and septal thickening, leading to diastolic dysfunction,
electrocardiographic abnormalities and facilitating cardiac failure. The cellular cross-talks between epicardial
fat and myocardium may include both the vasocrine and the paracrine mechanisms. Adipokines secreted from
epicardial adipose tissue, vascular and stromal cells diffuse into interstitial fluid crossing the adventitia, media
and intima and modulate cardiac function and cardiomyocyte phenotype and survival. In this article, we review
the significance of epicardial adipose tissue and its association with cardiovascular diseases, cellular interactions
between epicardial fat and myocardium, secretions of adipokines and inflammatory mediators and a potential of
epicardial fat as a therapeutic target for the prevention of obesity-related heart diseases.
Alternative Host Models for Testing Anti-Protozoal or Antifungal Compounds and Fungal Infection
Authors: Torrecilhas Ana Claudia , Xander Patricia , Ferreira Karen Spadari , Batista Wagner Luiz
Published: April 2018

The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are caused by several parasites, fungi, bacteria and
viruses and affect more than one billion people in the world. The control and prevention against NTDs
need implementation of alternative methods for testing new compounds against these diseases. For the
implementation of alternative methods, it is necessary to apply the principles of replacement, reduction
and refinement (the 3Rs) for the use of laboratory animals. Accordingly, the present review addressed a
variety of alternative models to study the infections caused by protozoa and fungi. Overall, vertebrate
and invertebrate models of fungal infection have been used to elucidate host-pathogen interactions.
However, until now the insect model has not been used in protozoal studies as an alternative method, but
there is interest in the scientific community to try new tools to screen alternative drugs to control and
prevent protozoal infections.
QSAR and Docking Studies of DATA Analogues as HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Authors: Tong Jianbo , Lei Shan , Zhan Pei , Qin Shangshang , Wang Yang
Published: April 2018

Background:

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) has seriously threatened human health, so development of new, selective
and safe non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) remains a high priority for
medical research. Diaryltriazine (DATA) have been identified as a new class of potent nonnucleoside
HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) inhibitors. The study deals with Topomer CoMFA
(Comparative Molecular Field Analysis) and molecular docking to explore the important features of
DATA analogues for exerting potent HIV-1 RT inhibitors activity.

Methods:

In this work, 40 DATA analogues were studied using a combination of molecular modeling
techniques including Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR),
molecular docking, and Topomer CoMFA were used to build 3D-QSAR models.

Results:

The results show that the Topomer CoMFA analysis has the cross-validation q2 = 0.800,
SDCV = 0.45, the non-cross-validated r2 = 0.958, SD = 0.21, and the correlation coefficient of external
validation Q2 ext = 0.965 showed that the model is reasonable and credible, and has a good predictive
ability. Then binding mode pattern of the compounds to the binding site of enzyme was
confirmed and the mechanism of drug and acceptor was studied by docking studies, the results
showed that the drug and GLU138, LYS101, THR139 sites have an obvious function, these researches
have provided an useful information for designing more effective HIV-1IN inhibitors.

Conclusion:

A series of 40 DATAs analogues was subjected to a 3D-QSAR study. Using Topomer
CoMFA 3D-QSAR method built model, and the model has shown a good predictive and statistical
validation. Substituent with low electronic density in the R5 and R3 positions and substituent with
high electronic density in the R2 and C2 positions will increase the biological activity, small substituent
on R4 positions and naphthyloxy as the spacer group C6 substituent hydrophobic will increase
biological activity. This effect is supported by Topomer CoMFA contour map and docking
results of HIV-1RT inhibition active site, the results of the 3D-QSAR and docking analyses have
provided a guide for the synthesis of new putative inhibitors for HIV-1RT to improved inhibitory
activity.
Physicochemical Characterization of Curcumin Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: Implications in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Khan Md. Asad , Zafaryab Md. , Mehdi Syed H. , Ahmad Irfan , Rizvi Md. Moshahid A.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Curcumin is a potent anticancer agent and has great potential efficacy against different
types of cancers. A major disadvantage of curcumin, however, is its poor solubility and bioavailability.

Objective:

The aim of the present work is to synthesize chitosan and curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles
and their characterization through various physicochemical methods and cellular uptake in cervical cancer cell
line SiHa.

Method:

Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized through the method of ionic gelation of chitosan with sodium
Tripolyphosphate (TPP). In addition, the internal structure of chitosan nanoparticles and curcumin loaded chitosan
nanoparticles were characterized by DLS, UV-Visible spectrophotometer, DSC, LCMS and LDH assay.

Results:

The studies presented demonstrate that curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles showed increased uptake
in the SiHa cells as compared to free curcumin and chitosan nanoparticles did not show any significant
uptake in SiHa cell line. The curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles released more lactate and lower ATP as
compared to native curcumin in cervical cancer lines such as SiHa, CaSki and HeLa.

Conclusion:

Thus, chitosan based curcumin nanoparticles could be used as a potent vector / delivery agent for
drug targeting in the treatment of cervical cancer.
Konsumsi Junk food dan Serat pada Remaja Putri Overweight dan Obesitas yang Indekos
Authors: Septiana Pipit , Nugroho Fajar Ari , Wilujeng Catur Saptaning
Published: April 2018

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman angka kejadian overweight dan obesitas remaja semakin meningkat. Remaja dengan obesitas memiliki kebiasaan konsumsi makanan tinggi kalori dan rendah serat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana konsumsi junk food dan serat pada remaja putri dengan overweight dan obesitas yang indekos. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan di wilayah Sumber Sari dan Kerto, Malang. Sampel dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling yang terdiri dari 9 orang informan kunci dan 14 orang teman informan kunci sebagai triangulasi untuk menjamin validitas data. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan observasi dibantu dengan catatan, tape recorder, dan kamera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi konsumsi junk food pada informan tergolong tinggi dengan jenis junk food yang sering dikonsumsi fried chicken. Alasan tingginya konsumsi junk food paling utama adalah alasan rasa. Frekuensi konsumsi serat informan juga masih rendah dengan jenis serat yang sering dikonsumsi adalah lalapan. Alasan utama rendahnya konsumsi serat karena keterbatasan ketersediaan makanan sumber serat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah konsumsi junk food pada remaja putri indekos dengan overweight dan obesitas masih tinggi dan konsumsi serat informan masih begitu rendah.Â
Kadar IL-6 dan IL-10 Serum pada Tahapan Inflamasi di Rattus norvegicus yang terinfeksi Candida albicans
Authors: Masfufatun Masfufatun , Tania Putu Oky Ari , Raharjo Loo Hariyanto , Baktir Afaf
Published: April 2018

Insiden kandidiasis sangat tinggi di dunia yang disebabkan Candida albicans. Agen antifungi telah banyak dikembangkan, namun resistensi terhadap antifungi masih menjadi suatu permasalahan. Resistensi antifungi ini diakibatkan oleh kemampuan C. albicans dalam membentuk biofilm. Terbentuknya biofilm dari infeksi C. albicans diawali oleh proses inflamasi. Proses inflamasi oleh Candida albicans terjadi pada beberapa tahap yang salah satu indikatornya adalah dilepaskannya sitokin proinflamasi (IL-6) dan anti inflamasi (IL-10). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar IL-6 dan IL-10 pada tiap tahapan inflamasi C. albicans pada intestinal pada tikus putih. Penelitian ini menggunakan 32 ekor tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan diinokulasi dengan C. albicans. Variabel yang diukur adalah kadar IL-6 dan IL-10 pada hari ke-7, 14, 21, 28 dan 35 setelah inokulasi C. albicans. pengambilan data sebanyak 5 kali dilakukan untuk mewakili tahapan pembentukan biofilm candida. Respon imun pada setiap tahap pembentukan biofilm ditunjukkan dengan kadar sitokin IL-6 dan IL-10 serum darah dengan metode ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar IL-6 dan IL-10 pada hari ke-7 dan 14 sebesar 0pg/mL. Pada hari ke 28 telah terjadi proses inflamasi akutÂ  pelepasan IL-6 dan IL-10 dengan kadar tertinggi masing-masing 31,75Â±9,99pg/mLdan 757,94Â±576,73pg/mL. Selanjutnya pada hari ke-35, kadar sitokin IL-6 dan IL-10 masing-masing mulai menurun menjadi 28Â±11,53pg/mL dan 349,5Â±188,48pg/mL. Respon imun tubuh mulai terjadi pada tahap awal pembentukan biofilm C. albicans intestinal tikus, sehingga kedepannya dapat dikembangkan terapi imunomodulator terhadap kandidiasis sehingga dapat menghambat pembentukan biofilm C. albicans.
Kiwifruit under plastic covering: impact on fruit quality and on orchard microclimate
Authors: Chiabrando V. , Giacalone G.
Published: April 2018

Italy has a preeminent rank in kiwifruit industry, being the first exporter and the second largest producer after China. However, in the last few years kiwifruit yields and the total cultivated area considerably decreased, due to the disease spread of the bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). Bacterial canker has affected significantly orchards productivity and consequently has caused severe economic losses in all major areas of kiwifruit cultivation, including Italy,and considerable damage to the international kiwifruit industry.Several climatic conditions and cultural practices affect the development of the bacterial canker.Orchard hygiene, restrictions on the movement of nursery plants, orchard management and cultural practices, chemical and biological controls and breeding programs are being employed to limit the diffusion of the disease and help kiwifruit orchards to survive and produce. A possible way seems to be the modification of environmental conditions and it is being explored through the building of plastic covers over the orchards. This research work is focused on the impact of plastic cover on fruit quality, microclimate conditions and incidence of Psa. To evaluate the impact of plastic cover on microclimate, quality of fruits and disease incidence the following parameters were evaluated: climatic parameters (temperature, PAR), quality parameters (color, fruit firmness, titratable acidity, °Brix, vitamin C), disease incidence (%).  The use of a permanenttunnel modify light intensity and microclimate without any negative consequences on kiwifruits quality. Covering a kiwifruit orchard with a protective canopy reduces the spread of Psa throughout the orchard when covers are constructed over vines with low levels of infection.The use of plastic covers ensure the production of the current and future kiwifruit without compromising the quality of the fruit, but future trials will provide further information clarifying the effectiveness of the actual crop covers.
Agriculture and Food Security in Mozambique
Authors: Ferrão Jorge , Bell Victoria , Cardoso Luis Alfaro , Fernandes Tito
Published: April 2018

The objective of this short review is to contribute to the debate on the role of agriculture transformation in the development process and as an engine to reduce poverty and improve general wellbeing through better access to nutrients in Mozambique. Agricultural services are organized by Provinces but still there is no accurate data on food production, consumption and trade trends in a large sample. It is recognized the complexity of the food security concept and the need of a multidimensional definition and approach. The increase in agricultural productivity can probably be seen as a necessary but not a sufficient condition to achieve long term food security in Mozambique or Sub-Saharan Africa.  Competing views about the relevance of agriculture for growth and development imply different policy priorities in Africa.
Investigation of Radiation Oncologists’ Awareness of Online Reputation Management (Preprint)
Authors: Waxer Jonathan Fredric , Srivastav Sudesh , DiBiase Christian Steven , DiBiase Steven Joseph
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Online reputation management (ORM) is an emerging practice strategy that emphasizes the systematic and proactive monitoring of online reviews relating to one’s professional reputation.

OBJECTIVE

We developed this survey project to assess whether radiation oncologists are aware of ORM and how it is utilized in their practices. We hypothesized that ORM is largely unknown by most practicing radiation oncologists and that little time is spent actively managing their reputations.

METHODS

An online survey was submitted to 1222 radiation oncologists using the Qualtrics research platform. Physician emails were gathered from the American Society for Radiation Oncology member directory. A total of 85 physicians initiated the survey, whereas 76 physicians completed more than or equal to 94% (15/16) of the survey questions and were subsequently used in our analyses. The survey consisted of 15 questions querying practice demographics, patient satisfaction determination, ORM understanding, and activities to address ORM and 1 question for physicians to opt-in to a US $50 Amazon gift card raffle. The survey data were summarized using a frequency table, and data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and Spearman correlation coefficients.

RESULTS

We calculated a 7% (85/1222) response rate for our survey, with a completion rate of 89% (76/85). A majority of respondents (97%, 74/76) endorsed being somewhat or strongly concerned about patient satisfaction (P<.001). However, 58% (44/76) of respondents reported spending 0 hours per week reviewing or managing their online reputation and 39% (30/76) reported spending less than 1 hour per week (P<.001). A majority of physicians (58%, 44/76) endorsed no familiarity with ORM (P<.001) and 70% (53/76) did not actively manage their online reputation (P<.001). Although 83% (63/76) of respondents strongly or somewhat believed that patients read online reviews (P<.001), 57% (43/76) of respondents did not check their online reviews (P=.25) and 80% (61/76) endorsed never responding to online reviews (P<.001). Moreover, 58% (44/76) of the respondents strongly or somewhat supported the idea of managing their online reputation going forward (P=.001). In addition, 11 out of the 28 pairs of questions asked in our correlation studies reached statistical significance. Degree of concern for patient satisfaction and the notion of managing one’s ORM going forward were the 2 most frequently correlated topics of statistical significance in our analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

ORM is presently under-recognized in radiation oncology. Although most practitioners are concerned about patient satisfaction, little effort is directed toward the internet on this matter. ORM offers an area of practice improvement for many practicing radiation oncologists.
Patient Acceptance of Remote Scribing Powered by Google Glass in Outpatient Dermatology: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Odenheimer Sandra , Goyal Deepika , Jones Veena Goel , Rosenblum Ruth , Ho Lam , Chan Albert S
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

The ubiquitous use of electronic health records (EHRs) during medical office visits using a computer monitor and keyboard can be distracting and can disrupt patient-health care provider (HCP) nonverbal eye contact cues, which are integral to effective communication. Provider use of a remote medical scribe with face-mounted technology (FMT), such as Google Glass, may preserve patient-HCP communication dynamics in health care settings by allowing providers to maintain direct eye contact with their patients while still having access to the patient’s relevant EHR information. The medical scribe is able to chart patient encounters in real-time working in an offsite location, document the visit directly into EHR, and free HCP to focus only on the patient.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine patient perceptions of their interactions with an HCP who used FMT with a remote medical scribe during office visits. This includes an examination of any association between patient privacy and trust in their HCP when FMT is used in the medical office setting.

METHODS

For this descriptive, cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of patients was recruited from an outpatient dermatology clinic in Northern California. Participants provided demographic data and completed a 12-item questionnaire to assess their familiarity, comfort, privacy, and perceptions following routine office visits with an HCP where FMT was used to document the clinical encounter. Data were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics.

RESULTS

Over half of the 170 study participants were female (102/170, 59.4%), 60.0% were Caucasian (102/170), 24.1% were Asian (41/170), and 88.8% were college-educated (151/170). Age ranged between 18 and 90 years (mean 50.5, SD 17.4). The majority of participants (118/170, 69.4%) were familiar with FMT, not concerned with privacy issues (132/170, 77.6%), and stated that the use of FMT did not affect their trust in their HCP (139/170, 81.8%). Moreover, participants comfortable with the use of FMT were less likely to be concerned about privacy (P<.001) and participants who trusted their HCP were less likely to be concerned about their HCP using Google Glass (P<.009). Almost one-third of them self-identified as early technology adopters (49/170, 28.8%) and 87% (148/170) preferred their HCP using FMT if it delivered better care.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study findings support the patient acceptance of Google Glass use for outpatient dermatology visits. Future research should explore the use of FMT in other areas of health care and strive to include a socioeconomically diverse patient population in study samples.
Identifying Consumers Who Search for Long-Term Care on the Web: Latent Class Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Darren , Yamashita Takashi , Burston Betty
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Because the internet has become a primary means of communication in the long-term care (LTC) and health care industry, an elevated understanding of market segmentation among LTC consumers is an indispensable step to responding to the informational needs of consumers.

OBJECTIVE

This exploratory study was designed to identify underlying market segments of the LTC consumers who seek Web-based information.

METHODS

Data on US adult internet users (n=2018) were derived from 2010 Pew Internet and America Life Project. Latent class analysis was employed to identify underlying market segments of LTC Web-based information seekers.

RESULTS

Web-based LTC information seekers were classified into the following 2 subgroups: heavy and light Web-based information seekers. Overall, 1 in 4 heavy Web-based information seekers used the internet for LTC information, whereas only 2% of the light information seekers did so. The heavy information seekers were also significantly more likely than light users to search the internet for all other health information, such as a specific disease and treatment and medical facilities. The heavy Web-based information seekers were more likely to be younger, female, highly educated, chronic disease patients, caregivers, and frequent internet users in general than the light Web-based information seekers.

CONCLUSIONS

To effectively communicate with their consumers, providers who target Web-based LTC information seekers can more carefully align their informational offerings with the specific needs of each subsegment of LTC markets.
Equitable Principles from the Perspective of International Law of the Sea
Authors: Fahmy Walid
Published: April 2018

The notion of equitable principles is considered in public international law as a subsidiary source of law. However, it is nevertheless an autonomous concept in the law of the sea, and particularly in the law of maritime delimitations. However, can this notion in international litigation of maritime delimitation be defined both in form and in substance? Thus, can one say precisely in which legal category it is classified, and can its content be defined?
A entonação de atos de fala interrogativos por uma criança em fase final de aquisição da linguagem em interação com um adulto: uma análise fonopragmática (La entonación de actos de habla interrogativos por una niña ...)
Authors: Vargas Diego Da Silva
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho busca descrever as perguntas totais produzidas por uma criança de 3 anos e 5 meses em interação lúdica com um adulto. Seu objetivo era classificar os enunciados nas categorias de atos de fala definidas por Raso (2012) e descrever seu padrão prosódico. Entretanto, os fatores que interferiram na análise (criança em fase de aquisição, fala espontânea, pouca descrição das categorias analisadas) complexificaram o estudo e aqui pretendemos levantar postulações iniciais que possam contribuir para estudos sobre a organização do PB em diferentes atos de fala e sobre a aquisição da prosódia no PB.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES A DISTÂNCIA:
Authors: Bosco Cláudia Starling , Souza Juliana De Fátima , Gomes Heloisa Silva de Oliveira
Published: April 2018

Este artigo objetiva problematizar a oferta da formação de professores a distância, considerando a crescente expansão das matrículas nas licenciaturas nesta modalidade de ensino. Discute a implantação do Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil, criado em 2006 como parte da política nacional de formação docente. Apresenta a evolução do marco legal da EaD no país, a partir das mudanças trazidas pelo Decreto nº 9.057, de 2017, que flexibiliza os processos de credenciamento e de avaliação das instituições. Além do levantamento dos documentos oficiais relativos ao tema da EaD, baseia-se em literatura recente do campo da política educacional e em dados estatísticos disponibilizados pelo Inep sobre a formação docente. Conclui-se que a educação a distância tem sido estratégica para o aumento do número de professores da educação básica com habilitação adequada, mas que o modelo implementado apresenta tensões e fragilidades, suscitando questionamentos sobre a forma com que essa oferta tem sido efetivada no Brasil.
PROCESSOS, PECULIARIDADES E PRÁTICA DOCENTE NA OFERTA EDUCATIVA NO SISTEMA PRISIONAL DO AMAZONAS
Authors: Garcia Fabiane Maia , Araújo Thays Coelho de Coelho de , Santos Poline Melo dos
Published: April 2018

A presente pesquisa apresenta os resultados de dois estudos. O primeiro resulta de um TCC em Pedagogia e se debruça sobre as ações e particularidades da prática docente, tomadas com um conjunto de saberes necessários aos desafios que caracterizam o ser professor da educação de jovens e adultos em uma sala de aula do sistema prisional. A segunda pesquisa aborda as políticas linguísticas que envolvem o letramento e o ensino de Língua Portuguesa no contexto prisional amazonense. Desse modo, objetivou analisar as ações que envolvem a leitura e a escrita como propostas políticas de remição de apenados pelos estudos. Teoricamente, centra-se nos preceitos da Política Linguística pensada por Calvet (2007), Orlandi (2007), Teixeira (2014) e nas concepções dos Novos Estudos do Letramento (NEL), apontadas por Kleiman (1995; 2000), Street (2003), Lillis (2003). As duas pesquisas adotaram o paradigma qualitativo de pesquisa, com convergência no uso de documentos institucionais, bem como utilizaram o procedimento técnico da pesquisa bibliográfica. Assim, na primeira pesquisa, as análises apontam a prática educativa como parte de um conjunto de ações definidas pelas autoras com reinserção educativa, enquanto que a segunda aponta que a proposta de remição do sujeito preso, por meio das práticas dominantes de letramento, necessita ir além do pretexto da diminuição de pena, necessita, portanto, de mobilizações políticas e linguísticas que visem a diminuição do viés utilitarista do letramento.
APAGAMENTO DA MULHER EM EXPERIÊNCIAS DE FUNDAÇÃO DO MAGISTÉRIO NA BAHIA:
Authors: Cruz Elizeu Pinheiro da , Santos Janaina De Jesus , Nogueira Maria Lúcia Porto Silva
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho é uma etnografia de arquivo que descreve experiências fundadoras do magistério no sudoeste do Estado da Bahia. O trabalho de campo aconteceu entre fevereiro de 2016 e novembro de 2017 em documentos de instituições e de professoras aposentadas. Ele foi composto por movimentos de análise de documentos, observação participante e entrevistas. Ao longo da investigação, deparamo-nos inicialmente com enunciados que atribuíam apenas ao homem o protagonismo no magistério na região, especificamente de Ciências e Matemática. Todavia os documentos do arquivo e os sujeitos indicaram apontamentos que nos permitiram interrogar os enunciados da hegemonia masculina e, consequentemente, entender como as versões contadas acerca da história do ensino de Ciências e Matemática estão pautadas em um silêncio fundador: o apagamento da mulher nas formulações sobre as fundações das Escolas Normais, da Faculdade de Formação de Professores de Vitória da Conquista e do Ginásio do Padre Palmeira. Concluímos apontando políticas de silêncio como condição de produção de um patriarcado que tem como cerne do seu conteúdo a hegemonia masculina atrelada ao apagamento feminino no sudoeste da Bahia, ainda que as experiências práticas de ensinar e aprender foram e são protagonizadas principalmente por mulheres sertanejas.