bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a phase-separating small molecule that selectively sequesters tubulin in cells
Authors: Ado Genyir , Noda Naotaka , Vu Hue T. , Perron Amelie , Mahapatra Amarjyoti D. , Arista Karla Pineda , Yoshimura Hideaki , Packwood Daniel M. , Ishidate Fumiyoshi , Sato Shin-ichi , Ozawa Takeaki , Uesugi Motonari
Published: April 2022

A non-peptidic small molecule, R-huezole, phase separates to selectively sequester tubulin proteins to control the cell cycle. Its modular structure provides a framework for designing bioactive molecules to mimic membraneless organelles in cells.
Visible-light photocatalytic metal-free multicomponent Ugi-like chemistry
Authors: Russo Camilla , Graziani Giulia , Cannalire Rolando , Tron Gian Cesare , Giustiniano Mariateresa
Published: April 2022

The direct photoexcitation of isocyanides is able to trigger a collection of Ugi-like multicomponent reactions under metal-free conditions and in the absence of any additives starting from both linear and cyclic tertiary aromatic amines.
Photophysical properties of homobimetallic Cu(i)–Cu(i) and heterobimetallic Cu(i)–Ag(i) complexes of 2-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline
Authors: Wu Zhan , Cui Shu , Zhao Zhenqin , He Bingling , Li Xiu-Ling
Published: April 2022

The heteronuclear Cu(i)–Ag(i) complexes show dual emission bands and enhanced luminescence compared with their isostructural homobinuclear Cu(i) complexes.
A nickel oxide@nickel–graphene quantum dot self-healing hydrogel for colorimetric detection and removal of lambda-cyhalothrin in kumquat
Authors: Nana Li , Ruiyi Li , Wang Guangli , Haiyan Zhu , Li Zaijun
Published: April 2022

The detection and removal of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables are important to ensure human health, but the current methods face challenges in terms of sensitivity, specificity and convenience of use.
Temperature-induced self-assembly transformation: an effective external stimulus on 2D supramolecular structures
Authors: Dai Hongliang , Huang Wei , Zeng Qingdao
Published: April 2022

The latest progress in temperature-induced self-assembly transformation on solid surfaces was discussed.
Chain length effect of spiro-ringN-alkylation on photophysical signalling parameters in Fe(iii) selective rhodamine probes
Authors: Dehuri Suryakanta , Mishra Santosh Kumar , Bag Bamaprasad
Published: April 2022

The Fe(iii)-selective photophysical spectral responses of rhodamine derivatives incorporating differentn-alkyl substituents at the spiro-ring amino-end revealed the relationship between signalling parameters and chain length.
Synthesis of triarylphosphines from arylammonium salts via one-pot transition-metal-free C–P coupling
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Chengyu , Yang Lei , Cao Liming , Liang Chaoming , Sun Maolin , Ma Yueyue , Cheng Ruihua , Ye Jinxing
Published: April 2022

The one-pot coupling of arylammonium salts and secondary phosphines from the in situ reduction of diarylphosphine oxides via SNAr reaction for the transition-metal-free synthesis of triarylphosphines is reported.
Synthesis and cholinesterase inhibitory activity study of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid analogues with N-methyl substitution
Authors: Jansa Petr , Barvík Ivan , Hulcová Daniela , Matoušová Eliška
Published: April 2022

Amaryllidaceae alkaloid analogues were synthesised, including quaternary ammonium derivatives and N-oxides, and their cholinesterase inhibitory activity was investigated in vitro and by molecular docking.
A ratio fluorescence method based on dual emissive gold nanoclusters for detection of biomolecules and metal ions
Authors: Kong Chenchen , Luo Yunjing , Zhang Wei , Lin Taifeng , Na Zhen , Liu Xuemei , Xie Ziqi
Published: April 2022

Novel dual-emissive gold nanoclusters (d-Au NCs) were prepared and applied for the simultaneous detection of phenylalanine or Fe3+.
Band offset engineering at C2N/MSe2 (M = Mo, W) interfaces
Authors: Slassi Amine
Published: April 2022

Stacking layered two-dimensional materials in a type-II band alignment block has provided a high-performance method in photocatalytic water-splitting technology.
DPD simulations on morphologies and structures of blank PLGA-b-PEG-b-PLGA polymeric micelles and docetaxel-loaded PLGA-b-PEG-b-PLGA polymeric micelles
Authors: Wang Mengyao , Lin Ye , Gao Jianxu , Liu Dongmei
Published: April 2022

Dissipative particle dynamics simulation was used to study the morphologies and structures of blank (no drug) poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymeric micelles and the docetaxel-loaded polymeric micelles.
Implementing the donor–acceptor approach in electronically conducting copolymersviaelectropolymerization
Authors: Rajapakse R. M. Gamini , Watkins Davita L. , Ranathunge Tharindu A. , Malikaramage A. U. , Gunarathna H. M. N. P. , Sandakelum Lahiru , Wylie Shane , Abewardana P. G. P. R. , Egodawele M. G. S. A. M. E. W. D. D. K. , Herath W. H. M. R. N. K. , Bandara Sanjaya V. , Strongin Daniel R. , Attanayake Nuwan Harsha , Velauthapillai Dhayalan , Horrocks Benjamin R.
Published: April 2022

Electropolymerization has become a convenient method for synthesizing and characterizing complex organic copolymers having intrinsic electronic conductivity, including the donor (D)–acceptor (A) class of electronically conducting polymers (ECPs).
Mono-dimensional and two-dimensional models for chemical looping reforming with packed bed reactors and validation under real process conditions
Authors: Argyris Panagiotis Alexandros , de Leeuwe Christopher , Abbas Syed Zaheer , Spallina Vincenzo
Published: April 2022

Chemical looping reforming (CLR) is an emerging hydrogen/syngas production technology, integrated with CO2 capture.
Crystal facet effects of platinum single-atom catalysts in hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane
Authors: Sun Qingdi , Wang Xuyu , Wang Hao , Zhang Hao , He Qian , Zhang Ying , Cheng Yujie , Zhang Xingcong , Shi Shaolin , Tao Leiming , He Xiaohui , Ji Hongbing
Published: April 2022

More electron depletion of the Pt center of the Pt1/Co3O4-c surface facilitates overall electron transfer from the B atom to the ammonia borane (AB) molecule, which ensures the highest activity among Pt1/Co3O4-x in the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB reaction.
A pH-responsive Eu(iii) functionalized metal–organic framework hybrid luminescent film for amino acid sensing and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Sha Haifeng , Yan Bing
Published: April 2022

The prepared portable Eu@ZnMOF@SA (1@SA) film sensor not only provides a facile strategy for quantitatively sensing amino acids but also opens up a new way for other applications of MOF-based fluorescence hydrogel films.
Delayed Auditory Feedback Elicits Specific Patterns of Serial Order Errors in a Paced Syllable Sequence Production Task
Authors: Malloy Jessica R. , Nistal Dominic , Heyne Matthias , Tardif Monique C. , Bohland Jason W.
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

Delayed auditory feedback (DAF) interferes with speech output. DAF causes distorted and disfluent productions and errors in the serial order of produced sounds. Although DAF has been studied extensively, the specific patterns of elicited speech errors are somewhat obscured by relatively small speech samples, differences across studies, and uncontrolled variables. The goal of this study was to characterize the types of serial order errors that increase under DAF in a systematic syllable sequence production task, which used a closed set of sounds and controlled for speech rate.

Method:

Sixteen adult speakers repeatedly produced CVCVCV (C = consonant, V = vowel) sequences, paced to a “visual metronome,” while hearing self-generated feedback with delays of 0–250 ms. Listeners transcribed recordings, and speech errors were classified based on the literature surrounding naturally occurring slips of the tongue. A series of mixed-effects models were used to assess the effects of delay for different error types, for error arrival time, and for speaking rate.

Results:

DAF had a significant effect on the overall error rate for delays of 100 ms or greater. Statistical models revealed significant effects (relative to zero delay) for vowel and syllable repetitions, vowel exchanges, vowel omissions, onset disfluencies, and distortions. Serial order errors were especially dominated by vowel and syllable repetitions. Errors occurred earlier on average within a trial for longer feedback delays. Although longer delays caused slower speech, this effect was mediated by the run number (time in the experiment) and small compared with those in previous studies.

Conclusions:

DAF drives a specific pattern of serial order errors. The dominant pattern of vowel and syllable repetition errors suggests possible mechanisms whereby DAF drives changes to the activity in speech planning representations, yielding errors. These mechanisms are outlined with reference to the GODIVA (Gradient Order Directions Into Velocities of Articulators) model of speech planning and production.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19601785
Integrating Oral Health in Speech-Language Pathology Practice: A Viewpoint
Authors: Affoo Rebecca H. , Hachey Shauna
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to propose and outline the role that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have in oral health care. Additional goals include describing oral health, describing the relationships between oral health and overall health, and providing information about oral health assessment and management practices, as well as resources appropriate for use by SLPs.

Conclusions:

Oral health is critical to overall health and a marker of health equity. An alarming number of people in the United States, such as those living on a low income, experience significant barriers to accessing oral health care. SLPs work to prevent, assess, diagnose, and treat communication and swallowing disorders for clients across the lifespan. Part of this scope of practice includes the evaluation and management of oral health to varying degrees. Integrating basic oral health care into speech-language pathology practice has the potential to improve oral health equity for several priority populations.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19606288
A 4.5 Gb/s/pin transceiver with hybrid inter‐symbol interference and far‐end crosstalk equalization for next‐generation high‐bandwidth memory interface
Authors: Yoon Kungryun , Park Hyunsu , Choi Yoonjae , Sim Jincheol , Choi Jonghyuck , Kim Chulwoo
Published: April 2022

A 4.5 Gb/s/pin transceiver capable of eliminating the inter‐symbol interference (ISI) and far‐end crosstalk (FEXT) in a hybrid scheme with low power and small area for next‐generation high‐bandwidth memory (HBM) interfaces is presented. Built around the combination of two ISI and FEXT equalization topologies, the transmitter (TX) energy efficiently reduces data‐dependent jitter (DDJ) and crosstalk‐induced jitter (CIJ) by using the compensation signal generated from edge detectors (ED) to ensure the sampling margin. The prototype transceiver, implemented using a 28‐nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, operates over a 3‐mm mimicked silicon interposer channel with 21.2‐dB loss. It achieves a data rate per density of 9 Gb/s/μm at a bit error rate (BER) < 10–12 with 0.23 unit interval (UI) eye width for pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS)15 data while consuming only 1.46 pJ/bit.
APOGEE-2S Mg–Al anti-correlation of the metal-poor globular cluster NGC 2298
Authors: Baeza Ian , Fernández-Trincado José G. , Villanova Sandro , Geisler Doug , Minniti Dante , Garro Elisa R. , Barbuy Beatriz , Beers Timothy C. , Lane Richard R.
Published: April 2022

We present detailed elemental abundances and radial velocities of stars in the metal-poor globular cluster (GC) NGC 2298, based on near-infrared high-resolution (R ∼ 22 500) spectra of 12 members obtained during the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) at Las Campanas Observatory as part of the seventeenth Data Release (DR 17) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). We employed the Brussels Automatic Code for Characterizing High accuracy Spectra (BACCHUS) software to investigate abundances for a variety of species including α elements (Mg, Si, and Ca), the odd-Z element Al, and iron-peak elements (Fe and Ni) located in the innermost regions of NGC 2298. We find a mean and median metallicity [Fe/H] = −1.76 and −1.75, respectively, with a star-to-star spread of 0.14 dex, which is compatible with the internal measurement errors. Thus, we find no evidence for an intrinsic [Fe/H] abundance spread in NGC 2298. The typical α-element enrichment in NGC 2298 is overabundant relative to the Sun, and it follows the trend of other metal-poor GCs. We confirm the existence of an Al-enhanced population in this cluster, which is clearly anti-correlated with Mg, indicating the prevalence of the multiple-population phenomenon in NGC 2298.
MicroROM: An efficient and accurate reduced order method to solve many-query problems in micro-motility
Authors: Giuliani Nicola , Hess Martin W. , DeSimone Antonio , Rozza Gianluigi
Published: April 2022

In the study of micro-swimmers, both artificial and biological ones, many-query problems arise naturally. Even with the use of advanced high performance computing (HPC), it is not possible to solve this kind of problems in an acceptable amount of time. Various approximations of the Stokes equation have been considered in the past to ease such computational efforts but they introduce non-negligible errors that can easily make the solution of the problem inaccurate and unreliable. Reduced order modeling solves this issue by taking advantage of a proper subdivision between a computationally expensive offline phase and a fast and efficient online stage. This work presents the coupling of Boundary Element Method (BEM) and Reduced Basis (RB) Reduced Order Modeling (ROM) in two models of practical interest, obtaining accurate and reliable solutions to different many-query problems. Comparisons of standard reduced order modeling approaches in different simulation settings and a comparison to typical approximations to Stokes equations are also shown. Different couplings between a solver based on a HPC boundary element method for micro-motility problems and reduced order models are presented in detail. The methodology is tested on two different models: a robotic-bacterium-like and an Eukaryotic-like swimmer, and in each case two resolution strategies for the swimming problem, the split and monolithic one, are used as starting points for the ROM. An efficient and accurate reconstruction of the performance of interest is achieved in both cases proving the effectiveness of our strategy.
La trempe des aciers, points de vue techniques, historiques et scientifiques. Les interpretations du durcissement par la trempe, du 12e au 19e siècles
Authors: Le Coze Jean
Published: April 2022

Les premières tentatives de description des mécanismes du durcissement de l’acier pendant la trempe apparaissent au 12e siècle. Elles utilisent des notions empruntées à Aristote sur le continu de la matière contenant des « pores ». Au début du 18e siècle, Réaumur en a donné une définition ressemblant aux atomes de Platon. Jusqu’au début du 20e siècle, les pores ont servi à l’entréedans lemétal, defluides subtils, phlogistique, etc., qui, piégés par la trempe, produisaient le durcissement. Le carbone, à la fin du 18e siècle et au cours du 19e, commença à jouer un rôle, en tant que « carbone de carbure » ou « carbone de trempe ». Après une séquence d’hésitation à la fin du 19e siècle les variétés allotropiques du fer furent identifiées et le diagramme Fe–C fut publié, mais le durcissement par trempe n’avait toujours pas d’explication convaincante. Il manquait une notion précise de solution solide (du carbone dans le fer).
Optimal marketing channel and strategy in social commerce
Authors: Chen Xu , Wu Yingliang , Zhong Rujie
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to explore the optimal marketing channel of e-commerce enterprises with various consumer base size and product added-value in social commerce. By characterizing the consumer utility, we construct decision-making models of e-commerce enterprises under the traditional e-commerce platform (TECP) and two kinds of social commerce marketing channels involving “e-commerce platform + social” (ECPS) and “social media + business’ (SMB). Then, we obtain the optimal strategy of e-commerce enterprises for each channel by using the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions, and verify the effectiveness of the corollaries by numerical simulation. Results find that social commerce marketing channels (ECPS and SMB) are not necessarily better than TECP. For e-commerce enterprises with low consumer base size and low product added-value, the TECP channel offers the largest profit. Besides, SMB is the preferred marketing channel for most e-commerce enterprises.
Mixed financing modes for capital-constrained supply chain with risk-averse members
Authors: Zhuo Wenyan , Peng Jiawu , Zhen Zhiyuan , Wang Jingru
Published: April 2022

This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a supplier and a capital-constrained retailer. Both the supplier and the retailer are risk-averse decision makers. The capital-constrained retailer may adopt two mixed financing modes: (1) bank credit and equity financing (BEF) and (2) trade credit and equity financing (TEF). Using a mean-variance framework, we analyze the supply chain members financing and ordering decisions in two cases: symmetric and asymmetric retailer risk aversion threshold information. In the case of symmetric information, we characterize the conditions under which both the supplier and the retailer prefer BEF or TEF. In the case of asymmetric information, we demonstrate that the retailer has an incentive to pretend to be less risk averse. To prevent this distortion behavior, we design a minimum quantity contract for the supplier. Finally, we extend our model to a bank loan-trade credit-equity mixed financing mode (BTEF) in which the retailer can borrow from the bank and the supplier and seeks financial support from investors. The numerical simulations support our results.
Die Anatomie des Os scaphoideum
Authors: Seyhan Harun
Published: April 2022

Ob es um seine Form geht, um die ungewöhnliche Blutversorgung oder um die
vielen gelenkigen Verbindungen: Das Skaphoid weist mehrere anatomische
Besonderheiten auf. Die genaue Kenntnis darüber ist grundlegend
für das Verständnis von Diagnostik und Behandlungstechniken. Ein
Überblick.
Die postoperative Behandlung der Skaphoidfraktur
Authors: Zumhasch Rainer , Paries Cornelia
Published: April 2022

Zur therapeutischen Behandlung der Skaphoidfraktur findet sich in der
Fachliteratur nur wenig. Vorhandene Studien beziehen sich meist auf die
Operationsmethoden. Wenn die Nachbehandlung Erwähnung findet, sind die
Angaben oft allgemein gehalten. Und selbst in therapeutischer Literatur gibt es
kaum konkrete Behandlungsempfehlungen. Der Artikel verknüpft die
wichtigsten Punkte aus Literatur und Erfahrungswerten.
Ausbildung im Bereich Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenpflege
Authors: Merkenschlager Maria , Koch Sebastian , Kiess Wieland , Merkenschlager Andreas
Published: April 2022

Die zahlreichen Einrichtungen für gesunde und kranke Kinder in Deutschland benötigen eine große Anzahl speziell pädiatrisch ausgebildeter Pflegekräfte. Der traditionelle Beruf der Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenschwester hat sich seit mehr als hundert Jahren in Deutschland zu einem Beruf mit hoher Expertise entwickelt.

Im Jahre 2020 wurde die generalistische Pflegeausbildung aus Gründen der Vergleichbarkeit und somit der länderübergreifenden Anerkennung der Berufsqualifikation in Europa eingeführt. Diese vereint nun die Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege, die Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenpflege und die Altenpflege zu einer gemeinsamen Ausbildung mit dem Abschluss zur/m Pflegefachfrau/-mann. Dadurch wurden die Ausbildungszeiten in Theorie und Praxis für die pädiatrische Ausbildung stark reduziert. Die künftigen Abschlüsse der/s Pflegefachfrau/-manns erlauben den Einsatz zur Pflege von Kindern aller Altersstufen nach nur 60–120 Stunden praktischer Ausbildungszeit in der Pädiatrie – verglichen mit annähernd 2500 Stunden nach dem vorherigen Ausbildungskonzept.

In dem Artikel wird erläutert, warum aus Sicht der Pädiatrie zwei Lösungsansätze sinnvoll sind: einerseits das Angebot der pädiatrischen Vertiefung im Rahmen der generalistischen Pflegeausbildung an allen Kliniken für Kinder und Jugendliche oder großen Kinderfachabteilungen; andererseits eine einjährige Spezialisierung zum/r Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenpfleger/in nach der generalistischen Pflegeausbildung entsprechend dem europäischen Vorbild.
Comparison of Benefits Provided by Different Hearing Aid Technologies
Authors: Walden Brian E. , Surr Rauna K. , Cord Mary T. , Edwards Brent , Olson Laurel
Published: April 2022

The performance of 40 hearing-impaired adults with the GN ReSound digital BZ5 hearing instrument was compared with performance with linear hearing aids with input compression limiting (AGC-I) or two-channel analog wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) instruments. The BZ5 was evaluated with an omnidirectional microphone, dual-microphone directionality, and a noise reduction circuit in combination with dual-microphone directionality. Participants were experienced hearing aid users who were wearing linear AGC-I or analog WDRC instruments at the time of enrolment. Performance was assessed using the Connected Speech Test (CST) presented at several presentation levels and under various conditions of signal degradation and by the Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (PHAB). Subjective ratings of speech understanding, listening comfort, and sound quality/naturalness were also obtained using 11 -point interval scales. Small performance advantages were observed for WDRC over linear AGC-I, although WDRC did not have to be implemented digitally for these performance advantages to be realized. Substantial performance advantages for the dual microphones over the omnidirectional microphone were observed in the CST results in noise, but participants generally did not perceive these large advantages in everyday listening. The noise reduction circuit provided improved listening comfort but little change in speech understanding.

Abbreviations: AGC-I = automatic gain control with input compression limiting, APHAB = Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit, AV = Aversiveness subscale of the PHAB, BN = Background Noise scale of the PHAB, BT2 = behind-the-ear model of GN ReSound analog WDRC hearing aid, BTE = behind-the-ear hearing aid, BZ5 = model name for the trial hearing aid, BZ5DR = directional mode of BZ5, BZ5DR+NR = directional and noise reduction mode of BZ5, BZ5OMNI = omnidirectional mode of BZ5, CD = critical difference, CST = Connected Speech Test, DFS = digital feedback suppression, DS = Distortion Scale of the PHAB, ED3 = in-the-ear model of GN ReSound WDRC analog hearing aid, IC4 = in-the-canal model of GN ReSound WDRC analog hearing aid, LINAGC = linear hearing aid with input compression limiting, NAL-R = National Acoustic Laboratories-Revised, NH = normal hearing, NR = noise reduction, NU-6 = Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6, PHAB = Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit, PLS = prototype listening situation, QT = Quiet scale of the PHAB, rau = rationalized arcsine unit, RC = Reduced Cues scale of the PHAB, REV = reverberation, S/N = signal-to-noise ratio, UA = unaided, WDRC = wide dynamic range compression, WDRCANLG = analog version of WDRC hearing aid
Kolumne: Praktisch gelebte Vernetzung
Authors: Benker Elias
Published: April 2022

Die Schaffung einer zentralen Schnittstelle zur standardisierten Übermittlung und Pflege von Artikel-Stammdaten – das Healthcare Content Data Portal (HCDP) – geht zurück auf die Initiative von drei großen Klinik-Einkaufsgemeinschaften. Die positiven Effekte erleichtern das Stammdatenmanagement für teilnehmende Lieferanten und Krankenhäuser erheblich. Und sie zeigen, dass Vernetzung auch im Gesundheitswesen organisierbar ist.
Relationship between self-rated health and depression risk among children in Japan
Authors: Okada Michiyo , Nakadoi Yoshihiro , Fujikawa Ai
Published: April 2022

Japan is facing a markedly high incidence of adolescent suicide. This study examines the relationship between depression and self-rated health, which is a significant factor driving people towards suicide, highlighting the importance of children’s assessments of their health. In this cross-sectional study, an original questionnaire combining text and illustrations was administered to 6421 elementary, junior, and senior high-school students and an effective way of using the questionnaire was proposed. To assess children’s self-rated health, the survey questions were classified into two domains: physical and mental health. The questions were further classified based on symptom duration. Depression assessment was based on the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children. To provide a basis for the effective use of the self-rated health assessment tool, the respondents were classified into three groups based on physical/mental conditions together with the duration of those conditions, and comparisons were subsequently made. The groups were Favourable Health, Temporarily Poor Health, and Persistently Poor Health, and the results were analysed using an ANOVA. Self-rated health levels decreased, and depressive conditions worsened with age. Although most children led physically and mentally healthy school lives, the mean Depression Self-Rating Scale score was significantly higher for the Persistently Poor Health group than the other two, and the Temporarily Poor Health group scored significantly higher than the Favourable Health group for both physical and mental health (all p < 0.001). As the Temporarily and Persistently Poor Health groups in the domains of physical and mental health are more likely to be depressed, it is important to monitor the health of children in educational settings. In this study, completing this questionnaire was shown to help children understand themselves objectively and help the adults around them comprehend their condition quicker. It is especially important to promptly develop systems for appropriate and organic collaboration between educational settings and medical or welfare services.
Farfield pattern and guided-mode extraction analysis for highly directional emission from photonic-crystal based AlGaInP/InGaP MQW color-converters in thin-film geometry
Authors: Ndiaye Amade , Nguyen Hai Son , Seassal Christian , Drouard Emmanuel , Ben Bakir Badhise
Published: April 2022

This paper provides novel design guidelines for highly directional emission from PhC-based AlGaInP/InGaP MQW color converters (CC) in a thin-film geometry through an in-depth analysis of the measured azimuthal and spectrally resolved farfield emission patterns and a modal analysis based on coupled-mode theory and a herein-developed model for quantifying the spontaneous emission distribution between guided modes. The fabricated CC can exhibit directionality up to ∼5 times higher than that of Lambertian emitters close to normal incidence. We believe that all the novel insights set through our analyses help in properly controlling the emission directionality from photonic-crystal-based MQW CC at the display level, which would eliminate the need for additional external optics. This could pave the way for the use of MQW CC to achieve compact full-color microdisplays on a single wafer.
Improved household nutrition through home-grown produce and consumption of nutritious and healthy products.
Authors: Anitha Seetha , Afari-Sefa Victor , Kalumikiza Zione , Mhango Khumbo , Mosha Inviolate , Muzanila Yasinta , Mwangwela Agnes , Ochieng Justus , Okori Patrick , Tsusaka Takuji W.
Published: April 2022

This book chapter discusses the agricultural interventions that are both nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive that can be utilized to improve dietary diversity in combating undernutrition. In particular, this book chapter provides information on various meals based on home-grown products or locally available ingredients. It presents recipes and practices to support child nutrition through: (1) packaged integrated technologies for improved child nutrition; (2) household processed milk products; and (3) vegetable-based formulations.
Copper matrix composite with bimodal microstructures fabricated by liquid nitrogen temperature rolling
Authors: Jiang Yihui , Shi Yaying , Zhang Xiaojun , Zheng Qiyuan , Cao Fei , Liang Shuhua
Published: April 2022

Liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT) rolling at a high strain rate was applied to in-situ TiB2/Cu composites fabricated by powder metallurgy. An artificially controlled heterogeneous distribution of TiB2 particles in a Cu matrix leads to bimodal microstructures in the LNT-rolled composites, i.e. reinforcement-rich regions are constituted by in-situ formed TiB2 particles and nano-Cu grains (about 25 nm), while reinforcement-poor regions are mainly composed of heavily deformed ultrafine Cu grains (about 0.5 µm). Compared with TiB2/Cu composites processed by normal rolling, LNT-rolled TiB2/Cu composites with heterogeneous microstructures exhibit good overall performance with high ultimate tensile strength (594 MPa), high elongation (6.3%), high electrical conductivity (82.6% International Annealed Copper Standard) and improved thermal stability, which is favourable for electrical and electronic device applications.
A preparation technology of micro-structure glass based on mixed micro and nano powders
Authors: Zhu Minjie , Liu Rui , Sang Hongbo , Du Xiaohui , Liu Shuai , Liu Xinyu , Ji Kemeng , Xiong Yanwei , Li Xiaojuan , Liu Yifang , Wang Lingyun
Published: April 2022

This paper reports a method for the preparation of glass by reflowing commercial mixed micro and nano powders. High-quality micro-structure glass is formed by a microfabrication process combined with reflow process of the mixed micro and nano powders. The quality of glass prepared by different components was investigated and analyzed. Characterization of the formed glass micro-structure was performed by combining scanning electrical microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The glass reflow results were compared with the anodic bonding sample, which showed micro-structure glass prepared by our method was well-formed with high density and transparency. These results may inspire new possibilities for glass-based microsystems and MEMS applications.
An intelligent diagnosis method of rolling bearing based on multi-scale residual shrinkage convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqiang , Zhang Yazhou
Published: April 2022

The vibration signals of rolling bearings are affected by changing operating conditions and environmental noise, so they are characterized by multi-scale complexity. Deep residual shrinkage network can achieve bearing fault diagnosis in strong noise environment, but ignore the multi-scale complexity feature. To address this problem, we propose a multi-scale residual shrinkage convolutional neural network for fault diagnosis of rolling bearing. In this method, a multi-scale residual shrinkage layer based on multi-scale learning and a residual shrinkage block is constructed. By stacking multiple multi-scale residual shrinkage layers, the features of vibration signals are automatically learned from the input data. In addition, to establish the connection of different vibration signals and to reduce the number of parameters in the network, we design a separable convolution block using residual connections and separable convolution. By verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method in Case Western Reserve University and Mechanical Failure Prevention Technology datasets, the results show that the proposed method not only has good noise resistance in strong noise environments, but also has high diagnostic accuracy and good generalization performance in different load condition domains. The proposed method is compared with three other deep learning methods under the same experimental conditions, and the results show that it is superior in rolling bearing fault diagnosis.
In-plane mechanical properties of a novel hybrid auxetic structure
Authors: Fan Peng , Chen Yu , Xiong Jian , Hu Hong
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a novel hybrid auxetic structure with enhanced mechanical properties, combining the re-entrant and double-arrowhead structures, based on the structural stretching-dominated deformation mechanism. The unit cell of the developed hybrid structure comprises an external quadrilateral frame and an internal arrowhead part. The theoretical analysis model for predicting its in-plane mechanical properties in the two principal directions is presented and verified by both numerical simulations and experimental measurements. On this basis, a parametric study on the in-plane mechanical properties of the hybrid structure is performed to optimize geometrical parameters. The results show that both the negative Poisson’s ratio behavior and the elastic properties of the hybrid structure can be enhanced by increasing the length of the vertical wall or reducing the angle of the inclined wall in the internal arrowhead part. The hybrid structure, with the obvious difference in elastic properties between the two principle directions, can be obtained by individually adjusting the width of the hybrid unit cell, while the elastic properties in bothdirections can be improved by simultaneously reducing the length of the vertical wall and the width of the hybrid unit cell. In addition, compared with the re-entrant and double-arrowhead structures, the hybrid structure demonstrates higher elastic moduli and a wider range of Poisson’s ratios from negative to positive. The study provides guidance for the optimized design of hybrid auxetic structures in practical applications.
Extensions of the Mandelstam–Tamm quantum speed limit to systems in mixed states
Authors: Hörnedal Niklas , Allan Dan , Sönnerborn Ole
Published: April 2022

The Mandelstam–Tamm quantum speed limit (QSL) puts a bound on how fast a closed system in a pure state can evolve. In this paper, we derive several extensions of this QSL to closed systems in mixed states. We also compare the strengths of these extensions and examine their tightness. The most widely used extension of the Mandelstam–Tamm QSL originates in Uhlmann’s energy dispersion estimate. We carefully analyze the underlying geometry of this estimate, an analysis that makes apparent that the Bures metric, or equivalently the quantum Fisher information, will rarely give rise to tight extensions. This observation leads us to address whether there is a tightest general extension of the Mandelstam–Tamm QSL. Using a geometric construction similar to that developed by Uhlmann, we prove that this is indeed the case. In addition, we show that tight evolutions of mixed states are typically generated by time-varying Hamiltonians, which contrasts with the case for systems in pure states.
Investigation of the structural and electrical properties of CdO/(Bi, Pb)−2212 superconducting phase
Authors: Basma H , Abbas S , Labban W , Awad R , Matar M
Published: April 2022

This investigation reports the effect of the addition of CdO nanoparticles on the (Bi, Pb)−2212 superconducting phase. The superconducting samples of general formula (CdO)x Bi1.6 Pb0.4 Sr1.9 Ca1.1Cu2.1 O8 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 wt%) are synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction technique. Powder x-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of a single-phase orthorhombic Bi-2212. The variations in the lattice parameters are explained based on the Jahn Teller distortion induced by the increase in the oxygen content owing to the addition of the CdO nanoparticles. The increase in the oxygen content is confirmed via idiomatic titration analysis. The grain morphology is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of CdO addition in enhancing grains connectivity by the filing of pores and voids is revealed. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is conducted to analyze the functional groups, based on the effect of calcination temperature and CdO addition. Dc-electrical resistivity measurements and I-V characteristics show an enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and the critical current density (Jc) with CdO addition up to x = 0.05 wt%, followed by a further decrease. By analyzing the results of the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the variations of the superconducting properties are explained based on the preferred substitution of Pb2+ ions in the Bi3+ or Cu2+ sites induced by the variations in the oxygen content generated by the addition of CdO nanoparticles.
Adiabatic accretion onto black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory
Authors: Feng Haiyuan , Li Miao , Liang Gui-Rong , Yang Rong-Jia
Published: April 2022

We study the adiabatic accretion process of ordinary baryonic gas onto spherically symmetric black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory, with two parameters α and β in the coupling term. Especially, we demonstrate the range of the transonic points in terms of the charge-to-mass ratio squared and the dimensionless coordinate radius, in two important classes of black holes as examples. Further, we find that the two coupling parameters give modifications to the mass accretion rate at different orders of the sound speed at infinity. We also present their different effects on the temperature ratios of the accreted gas.
Measure synchronization in hybrid quantum–classical systems
Authors: Qiu Haibo , Dong Yuanjie , Zhang Huangli , Tian Jing
Published: April 2022

Measure synchronization in hybrid quantum–classical systems is investigated in this paper. The dynamics of the classical subsystem is described by the Hamiltonian equations, while the dynamics of the quantum subsystem is governed by the Schrödinger equation. By increasing the coupling strength in between the quantum and classical subsystems, we reveal the existence of measure synchronization in coupled quantum–classical dynamics under energy conservation for the hybrid systems.
Configurational entropy-induced phase transition in spinel LiMn2O4
Authors: Hu Wei , Luo Wen-Wei , Wu Mu-Sheng , Xu Bo , Ouyang Chu-Ying
Published: April 2022

The spinel-type LiMn2O4 is a promising candidate as cathode material for rechargeable Li-ion batteries due to its good thermal stability and safety. Experimentally, it is observed that in this compound there occur the structural phase transitions from cubic (

F
d

3
¯

m

) to tetragonal (I41/amd) phase at slightly below room temperature. To understand the phase transition mechanism, we compare the Gibbs free energy between cubic phase and tetragonal phase by including the configurational entropy. Our results show that the configurational entropy contributes substantially to the stability of the cubic phase at room temperature due to the disordered Mn3+/Mn4+ distribution as well as the orientation of the Jahn–Teller elongation of the Mn3+O6 octahedron in the the spinel phase. Meanwhile, the phase transition temperature is predicted to be 267.8 K, which is comparable to the experimentally observed temperature. These results serve as a good complement to the experimental study, and are beneficial to the improving of the electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4 cathode.
Vertex centrality of complex networks based on joint nonnegative matrix factorization and graph embedding
Authors: Lu Pengli , Chen Wei
Published: April 2022

Finding crucial vertices is a key problem for improving the reliability and ensuring the effective operation of networks, solved by approaches based on multiple attribute decision that suffer from ignoring the correlation among each attribute or the heterogeneity between attribute and structure. To overcome these problems, a novel vertex centrality approach, called VCJG, is proposed based on joint nonnegative matrix factorization and graph embedding. The potential attributes with linearly independent and the structure information are captured automatically in light of nonnegative matrix factorization for factorizing the weighted adjacent matrix and the structure matrix, which is generated by graph embedding. And the smoothness strategy is applied to eliminate the heterogeneity between attributes and structure by joint nonnegative matrix factorization. Then VCJG integrates the above steps to formulate an overall objective function, and obtain the ultimately potential attributes fused the structure information of network through optimizing the objective function. Finally, the attributes are combined with neighborhood rules to evaluate vertex’s importance. Through comparative analyses with experiments on nine real-world networks, we demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms nine state-of-the-art algorithms for identification of vital vertices with respect to correlation, monotonicity and accuracy of top-10 vertices ranking.
Finite-time synchronization of uncertain fractional-order multi-weighted complex networks with external disturbances via adaptive quantized control
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Cheng Ran , Ding Dawei
Published: April 2022

The finite-time synchronization of fractional-order multi-weighted complex networks (FMCNs) with uncertain parameters and external disturbances is studied. Firstly, based on fractional calculus characteristics and Lyapunov stability theory, quantized controllers are designed to guarantee that FMCNs can achieve synchronization in a limited time with and without coupling delay, respectively. Then, appropriate parameter update laws are obtained to identify the uncertain parameters in FMCNs. Finally, numerical simulation examples are given to validate the correctness of the theoretical results.
A Comparative Study on Part-of-Speech Taggers’ Performance on Examination Questions Classification According to Bloom’s Taxonomy
Authors: Goh Thing Thing , Jamaludin Nor Azliana Akmal , Mohamed Hassan , Ismail Mohd Nazri , Chua Huang Shen
Published: April 2022

Examination questions classification according to Bloom’s Taxonomy uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) approach, a series of text processing approach that generally can divided into the keywords identification stage and then the identified keywords classification to Bloom’s Taxonomy levels stage. Since this NLP approach is a pipeline processes, the keywords identification stage’s performance in term of accuracy is affecting the subsequent stage - the identified keywords classification and subsequently limits the final accuracy performance of the questions classification. The keywords identification stage’s performance is mainly depending on the effectiveness of Part-Of-Speech (POS) tagging. Thus, this paper aims to identify the best performing POS tagger in keywords identification stage and enhance the tagger’s performance with rule-based approach to achieve high accuracy performance and benefit the subsequent keyword classification and then the questions classification accuracy. The Perceptron tagger and the Stanford POS tagger are selected to be evaluated their performance in identifying the keywords of the randomly selected 200 examination questions from STEM subjects. This paper has observed the Stanford POS tagger is the best performing tagger in POS tagging with accuracy of 80.5%. Some rules are applied to the POS tagging to improve the accuracy further to 91.5%.
A Method for Dehazing Based on CycleGAN
Authors: Hu Yue , Chen Chunyu , Hou Siyi , Yang Menglong
Published: April 2022

With the development of artificial intelligence, computer vision has been widely applicated. The performance of these applications is closely related to the image quality, which is, however, affected by various lighting and weather conditions, such as rain and haze. The traditional methods focus on the dehazing problems under specific and idealize conditions, leading to the consequence that these methods can only be used in certain scenario on account of that indexes or hyperparameters need to be adapted according to the scene. This paper proposed an unsupervised learning algorithm for dehazing. We used the CycleGAN architecture to avoid difficulties when obtaining hazy and clear images in pairs. Besides, the identity loss was introduced for improving stability of the training procedure, and we used the reuse loss for sake of the steadiness of output hue. The experiments on public datasets such as RESIDE and I-HAZE show the effectiveness of the proposed method, which achieves comparable results to the state-of-the-art algorithms.
An Evaporation Duct Height Estimation Algorithm Based on Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Jiang Yilin , Yao Xin , Zhang Yuxin
Published: April 2022

In order to solve the problem of the evaporation duct height (EDH) estimation, focusing on the propagation loss (PL) features with different EDHs, this paper proposes an evaporation duct height estimation method based on Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The theoretical basis is Universal Approximation Theorem. DNN computes the EDH value with the high-dimensional features and posterior probability of PL. A large amount of PL simulation datasets with EDH=15-25m are used for model training, and datasets with EDH=25-35m are used to verify the ability of the network. Experiments show that the model in this paper has good feature extraction capabilities for simulation datasets. Compared with the naive Bayes algorithm, the accuracy and anti-interference ability of DNN are greatly improved.
Modality-Invariant and -Specific Representations with Crossmodal Transformer for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Shan Qishang , Wei Xiangsen , Cai Ziyun
Published: April 2022

Human emotion judgments usually receive information from multiple modalities such as language, audio, as well as facial expressions and gestures. Because different modalities are represented differently, multimodal data exhibit redundancy and complementarity, so a reasonable multimodal fusion approach is essential to improve the accuracy of sentiment analysis. Inspired by the Crossmodal Transformer for multimodal data fusion in the MulT (Multimodal Transformer) model, this paper adds the Crossmodal transformer for modal enhancement of different modal data in the fusion part of the MISA (Modality-Invariant and -Specific Representations for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis) model, and proposes three MISA-CT models. Tested on two publicly available multimodal sentiment analysis datasets MOSI and MOSEI, the experimental results of the models outperformed the original MISA model.
A Comparison of Stepwise Cluster Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression for Hydrological Simulation
Authors: Wang Chunxiao , Sun Jie , Li Yongping , Zhao Jing , Tian Baochuan
Published: April 2022

Investigating the dynamic characteristic of hydrological processes is of vital significance for environmental protection. In this study, the stepwise cluster analysis (SCA) method was used for monthly streamflow simulation in a hypothetical case. According to SCA, a cluster tree was formulated through training the data of monthly temperature, precipitation and streamflow from 2004 to 2010. Then, the generated tree was used to reproduce monthly streamflow in calibration period (i.e., 2004-2010) and validation period (i.e., 2011-2013). A comparison of SCA and multiple linear regression (MLR) was conducted to reflect the complex relationship of meteorological parameters (e.g., precipitation) and hydrological parameters. Model performance was assessed using Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies (NSE), the determination coefficient (R
2), the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error (MAE). NSE and R2 obtained from SCA are higher than that obtained from MLR. RMSE and MAE obtained from SCA are smaller than that obtained from MLR, indicating a better coincidence between simulated streamflow and the observed values in SCA. Results indicated that SCA has advantage in revealing the nonlinear relationship among precipitation, temperature and streamflow.