bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) en vejiga: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Tulcanaz Karina
Published: October 2019

Bajo un enfoque netamente biológico, a propósito de un caso clínico y de un hallazgo inusual de un Dispositivo Intrauterino en vejiga; frente a la poca evidencia encontrada, se narran pautas para un diagnóstico asertivo, las herramientas que están a nuestro alcance para un adecuado diagnóstico y posteriormente su resolución quirúrgica. El presente caso tiene como objetivo revisar evidencia y aportar con elementos para un diagnóstico diferencial más claro, dentro de lo que engloba un dolor abdominal crónico en una mujer en edad fértil.
A Text Mining Analysis of US-Chinese Leaders on Trade Policy
Authors: Lee Jun Yeop , Lee Juhyeon
Published: October 2019

Using the methodologies of text mining, this paper examines the implications of US and Chinese policies on bilateral trade. Official speeches by political leaders of the U.S. and China on the issues of trade were collected and analytically examined for US-China gaps in major foreign policies, such as bilateral trade and the Belt and Road Initiative. In this paper, a term frequency-inverse document frequency word cloud, a network similarities index, machine learning-processed latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), and structural equivalence are applied to examine the meanings of the speeches. The main arguments in this paper are as follows. First, the document similarity between the speeches of Chinese and US leaders appears to be completely different. Also, while the documents from Chinese leaders are considerably similar, the documents from US leaders differ by far. Secondly, LDA topic analysis indicates that China concentrates more on international and collaborative relationships, while the U.S. has more focus on domestic and economic interests. Third, from a word hierarchy analysis, the basic words used by American and Chinese leaders are also completely different. Agriculture, farmers, automobiles, and negotiations are the basic words for American leaders, but for Chinese leaders, the basic words are planning, markets, and education.
PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KESEGARAN JASMANI ANTARA SISWA SMK TARUNA 2 PADANG DENGAN SMA PERTIWI 1 PADANG
Authors: Septri Septri
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kesegaran jasmani siswa SMK Taruna 2 Padang dengan SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang Jenis penelitian ini adalah expost facto. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa-siswi pada SMK Taruna 2 Padang dan SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang kecuali siswa kelas XII karena persiapan menghadapi ujian akhir nasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini 55 orang siswa SMK Taruna Padang dan 118 orang siswa SMA Pertiwi Padang, dengan jumlah keseluruhan 173 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik stratified porputional ramdom sampling sehingga sampel penelitian berjumlah 28 orang. Teknik analisis data yang menggunakan analisis Uji t.Dari analisis data menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat kesegaran jasmani antara siswa SMK Taruna 2 Padang dengan siswa SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang yang ditunjukan dengan skor X1 = 33,98 > X2 = 27,27 dan dengan menggunakan t test didapatkan thitung = -4,09 > ttabel 1,76. Jadi dapat disimpulkan kesegaran jasmani siswa SMK Taruna 2 Padang lebih baik dari siswa SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang. Hal ini juga ditujukkan dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,001 <0,05, yang berarti menunjukkan hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kesegaran jasmani antara siswa SMK Taruna 2 Padang dengan tingkat kesegaran jasmani siswa SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang. Dengan demikian bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kesegaran jasmani siswa SMK Taruna 2 Padang dengan siswa SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang.
KARAKTERISTIK PSIKOLOGIS ATLET SEA GAMES INDONESIA DITINJAU DARI CABANG OLAHRAGA TIM
Authors: Nopiyanto Yahya Eko , Dimyati Dimyati , Dongoran Fadli
Published: October 2019

This research was aimed to investigate the psychological characteristics of Indonesian SEA Games Athletes in term of team sports. The psychological characteristics consists of motivation, self-confidence, anxiety control, mental preparation, team emphasis, and concentration. This research employed the quantitative approach using survey method with a restrospective causal-comparative design also called ex post facto. The subjects of this research were selected by means of purposive sampling technique. Subjects consisted of 83 athletes from team sports. The data were collected using Psychological Skills Inventory for Sports (PSIS) questionnaire. Those data were then analyzed using SPSS 23. the psychological characteristics consisting of aspects of motivation in the very high category with mean values (35.46), confidence in the high category with mean values (26.51), anxiety control in the high category with mean values (24.18), mental preparation in the high category with mean values (21.32), the team emphasis in the high category with mean values (15.17), and concentration in the moderate category with mean values (22.30). it can be concluded that the psychological characteristics of Indonesian SEA Games Athletes in term of team sports in the high category.
MANAJEMEN PEMBINAAN OLAHRAGA USIA DINI SEKOLAH SEPAKBOLA (SSB) GADJAH MADA (GAMA) YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Susanto Nugroho , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Syafrianto Donal
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the management of Gajah Mada Football School (SSA) Yogyakarta early childhood sports training. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study, data collection by interview, observation and documentation study. Subjects in this study include: SSB student members (3 people), trainers (3 people), administrators (3 people) and athlete's parents (3 people) SSB GAMA Yogyakarta.

The results showed that the GAMA football school which was used as a place to collect management data for early childhood sports training at a football school was well managed. Early childhood sports development at the Gama Yogyakarta soccer school has implemented five management functions in sports. The five management functions include planning, organizing, actuating, controlling and budgeting. The results of this study are expected to bring many changes in various ways, both from the community and the environment, especially those relating to the management problems of early age sports coaching that is in giving attention and handling to early childhood sports coaching, it is expected that other sports branches can develop early age sports coaching in accordance with sport management principles
Principle of Madrasah Head Management in Realizing Effective Madrasah
Authors: Mahmud Amir
Published: October 2019

The ability of the head of the Madrasah to realize effectiveness is closely related to the comparison between the level of achievement of goals and the plans that have been prepared before, or the comparison of tangible results with the planned results. The effectiveness of madrasah management, as well as the effectiveness of education in general, can be seen based on system theory and time dimensions. That is, the criteria for effectiveness must reflect the entire cycle of input-process-output, not only output or results and must reflect the relationship - reciprocity between management and the surrounding environment. Effective Madrasas are Islamic educational institutions that have curricula, strategies, effective teaching and learning and there are interactions with interested parties (students, teachers, parents, the environment and related officials) and produce reliable output.
Government social spending in the EU countries: efficiency in poverty and income inequality reduction
Authors: Cyrek Magdalena
Published: October 2019

Research background: Income inequality and poverty attract a lot of attention among politicians, activists as well as scientists, who are trying to find a solution to these socio-economic problems. State intervention is commonly expected in this field, however, there is no agreement about the most efficient methods and instruments, as well as about the scale of public expenditure for the purpose of limiting poverty and inequality.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to specify efficiency of government social spending in reducing problems of poverty and income inequality in the EU countries. Moreover, the attention is paid to changes in the efficiency in a period of the 2007 crisis occurrence and its overcoming and to sources of the changes.
Methods: To fulfill the main goal of the paper, the DEA method is used, which enables to compare the social efficiency of the EU countries. The Malmquist index is also calculated and decomposed to identify changes in the efficiency and their sources in the crisis period. Data used in the analyses were obtained from Eurostat and OECD databases and cover the period from 2007 to 2016 year.
Findings & Value added: The main findings of the paper shed some light on the differences in social efficiency of government spending in the EU countries. Generally, the countries with a higher level of social spending are also those with lower efficiency in inequality reduction, however, the relationship doesn?t appear for poverty alleviation. Thus, the research suggests some substitution between the scale and the efficiency of social spending, at least for the inequality dimension. Moreover, some differences in a social model can be found between the countries of the  South and of the North: the countries of the South focus their social policy mainly on inequality reduction, while the Scandinavian countries as well as some other affluent societies direct their public support mainly on poverty alleviation. The research also shows that in the crisis period decreases in efficiency concerned mainly the poverty dimension. It reflects the fact that the poor were the losers of the crisis in favor of the middle classes. The efficiency losses were induced by negative changes in the current usage of public sources, while institutional reforms positively influenced the efficiency.
Succession as a sustainability factor of family business in Slovakia
Authors: Lušňáková Zuzana , Juríčková Zuzana , Šajbidorová Mária , Lenčéšová Silvia
Published: October 2019

Research background: The success of family businesses abroad is not measured by profit, but is judged by the number of generations that have successfully mastered the succession process. This is why family businesses in Slovakia should also focus on long-term existence. Succession in a family business must be prepared with sufficient time in advance, as this is one of the most risky moments of its future.
Purpose of the article: Successful management of the succession process in family businesses requires several years of preparation in different areas. The aim of this paper is to assess the readiness of Slovak family companies to owner generational change in application of selected factors in ensuring the smooth transmission of family businesses to the younger generation.
Methods: The method of research was a questionnaire based on a 5-degree Likert scale, where the respondents expressed the degree of their agreement or disagreement with the particular statement. The questionnaire was filled by sample of 412 respondents ? 206 family business owners and their 206 successors (son/ daughter).  The statistical relations and correlations between variables were performed by Cronbach alpha, Spearman test, Kruskal-Walis test using EXCEL and SAS Enterprise Guide 7.1. programs.
Findings & Value added: Slovak family companies have already passed or they are in the process of preparing or implementing the first generational change. We cannot be compared yet with family companies in Germany, USA or the Nether-lands because these firms are in the process of the fourth generation change in the ownership. The added value of this paper is the identification of deficiencies and reserves that prolong or expel the process of successful company transfer to a young generation. It is related to human capital ? the professional competence of the successor and the willingness of the founder to leave, the absence of important business documents, or the effort to cope with the process itself.
The Research of Thangka Buddha Gesture Detection Algorithm
Authors: Yan Xu , Lan Wang Wei
Published: October 2019

This paper describes both the meaning of split Thangka Buddha gesture and steps, then choice the Canny operator method of edge detection on the thangka Buddha's gesture.Through a simple way of human-computer interaction,the Buddha's gesture will be cut off from Thangka Buddha,and then make simulation experiments by software of Matlab.Finally,through analysis and comparison,expounds the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm.
Pemberitaan Bias Gender dalam Kasus Prostitusi Online
Authors: Puspitasari Wuryanti , Istiyanto S Bekti
Published: October 2019

Beberapa waktu yang lalu publik dikejutkan oleh berita mengenai kasus prostitusi online yang melibatkan artis. Pemberitaan mengenai kasus tersebut memenuhi ruang-ruang publik, mulai dari media sosial hingga media-media arus utama turut memberitakannya. Namun, dari berbagai pembingkaian, sebagian besar pemberitaan terfokus pada sosok sang artis, mulai dari foto hingga aktivitas selama ini, gaya hidup dan lain sebagainy. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif bertujuan mendapatkan penjelasan mengenai sudut pandang media massa dalam mengangkat dan memberitakan kasus prostitusi online. Validitas data diukur dengan teknik triangulasi dengan teknik pengambilan data wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media massa kurang sensitif gender dalam pemberitaan kasus prostitusi online karena cenderung menjadikan perempuan sebagai objek. Selain itu, pemberitaan bias gender terkait erat dengan budaya patriarki yang hidup di masyarakat yang terbentuk dari realitas konstruksi sosial.
Pengaruh Revolusi Digital terhadap Pemasaran dan Perilaku Konsumen
Authors: Shabrina Vashty Ghassany
Published: October 2019

Seiring berjalannya waktu, revolusi industri terus mengalami perkembangan. Kini, perindustrian dan manufaktur dunia telah menghadapi revolusi berikutnya yakni revolusi industri keempat atau revolusi digital. Era ini diwarnai oleh munculnya berbagai dan perubahan yang terjadi dalam teknologi yang mengakibatkan dampak terhadap berbagai bidang, salah satunya adalah aspek pemasaran. Pemasaran saat ini sudah beralih dari konsep pemasaran tradisional menjadi pemasaran digital, dimana perdagangan atau trading sudah mencapai hitungan detik karena segala transaksinya dilakukan secara online dengan bantuan internet. Revolusi digital turut mengubah perilaku konsumen terhadap pemasaran. Perubahan perilaku konsumen tersebut terlihat dari cara mereka mencari, membayar, menggunakan hingga membuang barang-barang yang dibeli setelah dikonsumsi. Kebiasaan konsumen dalam mengkonsumsi media juga berubah drastis, dan hal ini yang mendorong para pemasar untuk membuat strategi-stragi dan berinovasi guna menemukan saluran alternatif yang lebih efektif untuk menarik konsumen.
Marketing Public Relation Peremajaan Merek sebagai Strategi Pemasaran dalam Membangun Citra Produk Baru
Authors: Puspita Irene Melia
Published: October 2019

Citra merek mengambil peran penting dalam tujuan bisnis. Dua tahun lalu, pioneer frozen yogurt di Indonesia, Sour Sally, melakukan peremajaan merek (rejuvenation) untuk membangun citra baru Sour Sally. Hal ini karena Citra feminisme menjadi kendala bagi Sour Sally dalam memasarkan produk. Marketing Public Relations memiliki peran penting untuk membangun citra Sour Sally yang baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Pemasaran Hubungan Masyarakat dan Citra. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, studi kepustakaan, sedangkan data sekunder diperileh dari internet. Penelitian ini membahas Pemasaran Hubungan Masyarakat menurut Kotler Keller. Divisi komunikasi pemasaran menggunakan alat-alat Pemasaran Hubungan Masyarakat seperti publikasi, acara, sponsor, berita, pidato, kegiatan pelayanan masyarakat, dan media identitas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: publikasi digital, media social, dan penyelenggaraan acara, paling sering digunakan untuk berkomunikasi membangun citra Sour Sally  yang baru.
Strategi Komunikasi Internal PDAM Tirta Satria Mengatasi Keluhan Pelanggan
Authors: Supriyanto Wipi
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan Strategi Komunikasi Internal Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Satria di Kabupaten Banyumas dalam mengatasi keluhan pelanggannya dalam upaya perusahaan itu meningkatkan jasa pelayanan. Untuk mengatasi keluhan pelanggan diperlukan strategi yang cepat dan tepat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana komunikasi internal yang dilakukan PDAM Tirta Satria dalam penanganan keluhan pelanggan. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yakni penelitian yang menjabarkan secara terperinci, dan menggambarkan semua masalah yang terkait dengan apa yang diteliti. Dari data yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan, dalam rangkaian kegiatan mengatasi keluhan pelanggan, masing-masing petugas harus memahami tugas pokok dan fungsi mereka, baik dalam penangan teknis di lapangan, maupun dari segi penyebaran informasi terkait keluhan pelanggan. Diperlukan strategi komunikasi untuk lebih mengefektifkan kegiatan mengatasi keluhan pelanggan, karena memberikan penjelasan lebih rinci tentang kendala serta kesulitan yang dihadapi PDAM Tirta Satria dalam penyediakan air bersih sangat diperlukan.
Disaster Mitigation Information in Football Matches: Fans Perspective
Authors: Junaedi Fajar , Sukmono Filosa Gita
Published: October 2019

The study focuses on problems of disaster mitigation information in football matches and the implications to audiences’ safety. The study uses study case method. The data collection is performed using in-depth interview, observation, and literature review; and the informant selection applies purposive sampling or criterion-based selection. Informants picked are fans of PSIM Yogyakarta, Persiba Bantul, and Persebaya Surabaya who experienced disasters in the stadiums. The study demonstrates, based on fans experiences, that various factors are responsible for outbreaks in football matches, namely the absence of information on disaster mitigation, the unprofessionalism of the organizers and securities in managing possible disasters, the insufficiency of the stadium architecture to deal with disasters, and the inadequacy of medical facilities in emergencies. The way forwards which are proposed is that, firstly, stadium construction should be designed by heeding disaster mitigation consideration for the sake of individuals’ well-being in the stadium. Moreover, the organizers, including the securities, should be more professional in running the matches. Finally, appropriate facilities for preventing disasters should be provided.
Penerangan Jalan Umum Energi Mandiri Untuk Desa Taman Jaya Kecamatan Ciemas Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: . Periyadi , Hadayani Rini , Gde Agung Anak Agung , Yuniar Irna , Soedarsono Dewi K , Yusanto Freddy
Published: October 2019

Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU) merupakan salah satu infrastruktur yang dibutuhkan masyarakat guna mendukung aktifitas masyarakat di malam hari dan juga meningkatkan faktor keamanan pada daerah tersebut. Namun masih terdapat beberapa desa terpencil yang masih minim kecukupan akan penerangan jalan umum tersebut. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut di atas, maka diperlukan pembangunan penerangan jalan umum. Penerangan jalan umum yang akan dibangun menggunakan sumber energi mandiri dari solar panel sehingga tidak membebani desa dengan pembiayaan konsumsi listrik. Desa Taman Jaya Kecamatan Ciemas Kabupaten Sukabumi merupakan salah satu desa yang ada dalam gugus Unesco Global Geopark (UGG) di Palabuhanratu yang memiliki beberapa titik lokasi wisata di Jawa Barat selatan antara lain ; Cekdam Panyawangan, Curug Awang, Curug Tengah, Gunung Cupu/Puncak manik, Panenjoan. Sarana listrik baru masuk tahun 1997-1998 sehingga secara umum beberapa lokasi masih belum tersentuh listrik termasuk dilokasi wisata, antara lain masih belum tersedia penerangan jalan yang memadai sehingga dapat berdampak pada kerawanan sosial yang berdampak buruk pada Desa Taman Jaya. Dengan adanya sumber energi mandiri diharapkan, dapat mengurangi beban listrik untuk infrastruktur desa serta dapat membangkitkan perekonomian masyarakat disektor pariwisata disekitar lokasi yang dipasang PJU mandiri. Kondisi wilayah geografis untuk energi mandiri dari matahri sangat mendukung, karena wilayah di atas gunung, dan untuk jalan masih berada di area yang terkena matahari langsung.
Towards a Typology of Old Babylonian Adoption Recordings
Authors: Van Wyk Susandra J.
Published: October 2019

An Old Babylonian (OB) adoption agreement created an artificial family bond with reciprocal benefits and obligations by creating fictitious ties between the adoptee and the adoptive family. However, our interpretation of the OB adoption is limited to the scribe’s adaptation of the oral adoption agreement in an abridged record. Typology, as a method, can simplify the study of Old Babylonian adoptions gleaned directly or indirectly from the recorded adaptation of the adoption agreement. I present a typology that is a hybrid of Hilprecht’s (1909, 32), Stone’s (1991, 3–6) and Obermark’s (1992, 29, 39–41ff.) typologies. My typology underpins the identification of the requisites distinguishing an adoption as such, in highlighting the adoption’s characteristics, including its ultimate purpose. It also provides an outline of the majority arrangements and supplementary reciprocal obligations and/or benefits that can be reflected in a written abridged format—custom-made by the involved family members to suit their circumstances, obligations and needs.
Accelerated cancer aggressiveness by viral oncomodulation: New targets and newer natural treatments for cancer control and treatment
Authors: Blaylock Russell L.
Published: October 2019

An infectious etiology for a number of cancers has been entertained for over 100 years and modern studies have confirmed that a number of viruses are linked to cancer induction. While a large number of viruses have been demonstrated in a number of types of cancers, most such findings have been dismissed in the past as opportunistic infections, especially with persistent viruses with high rates of infectivity of the world’s populations. More recent studies have clearly shown that while not definitely causing these cancers, these viruses appear capable of affecting the biology of these tumors in such a way as to make them more aggressive and more resistant to conventional treatments. The term oncomodulatory viruses has been used to describe this phenomenon. A number of recent studies have shown a growing number of ways these oncomodulatory viruses can alter the pathology of these tumors by affecting cell-signaling, cell metabolism, apoptosis mechanisms, cell-cell communication, inflammation, antitumor immunity suppression, and angiogenesis. We are also learning that much of the behavior of tumors depends on cancer stem cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment, which participate in extensive, dynamic crosstalk known to affect tumor behavior. Cancer stem cells have been found to be particularly susceptible to infection by human cytomegalovirus. In a number of studies, it has been shown that while only a select number of cells are actually infected with the virus, numerous viral proteins are released into cancer and stromal cells in the microenvironment and these viral proteins are known to affect tumor behavior and aggressiveness.
Luminescence Detection of Latent Fingermarks with Heavy-Metal-Free Quantum Dots
Authors: Shahbazi Sorour , Boseley Rhiannon , Grant Braden , Chen Dechao , Becker Thomas , Adegoke Oluwasesan , Nic Daeid Niamh , Jia Guohua , Lewis Simon W.
Published: October 2019

Current and proposed nanoparticle-based techniques for development of latent fingermarks suffer a number of drawbacks such as complicated, multi-step and time-consuming procedures, batch-to-batch variability, expensive reagents, large background noise and toxicity. Here, we introduce a promising green development technique based on heavy-metal-free quantum dots (QD) for the detection of latent fingermarks on non-porous surfaces. Red-near infrared luminescent Cu-In-S/ZnS core-shell QDs solution was produced in large scales using a water-based, simple and fast method using N-acetyl-cysteine as a biocompatible surfactant to coat the particles. The coated QDs were applied to the successful development of latent fingermarks deposited on a variety of surfaces, including highly patterned polymer banknotes and the sticky side of adhesive tape.
Covalent Chemistry on a Van Der Waals Heterostructure
Authors: Villalva Julia , Moreno Sara , Villa Palmira , González Luisa R. , Navío Cristina , Castellanos-Gomez Andres , Giovanelli Emerson , Pérez Emilio
Published: October 2019

The building of van der Waals heterostructures and the decoration of 2D materials with organic molecules share a common goal: to obtain ultrathin materials with tailored properties. Performing controlled chemistry on van der Waals heterostructures would add an extra level of complexity, providing a pathway towards 2D-2D-0D mixed-dimensional heterostructures. Here we show that thiol-ene-like “click” chemistry can be used to decorate franckeite, a naturally occurring van der Waals heterostructure, with maleimide reagents. ATR-IR and NMR analyses corroborate the Michael addition mechanism via the formation of a S-C covalent bond, while Raman and HR-TEM show that the SnS2-PbS alternating structure of franckeite is preserved, and suggest that SnS2reacts preferentially, which is confirmed through XPS. We illustrate how this methodology can be used to add functional molecular moieties by decorating franckeite with porphyrins. UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy confirms that the chromophore remains operative and shows negligible electronic interactions with franckeite in the ground state, while its fluorescence is strongly quenched upon photoexcitation.
Site-Selective and Re-Writable Labelling of DNA Through Enzymatic, Dynamic and Click Chemistries
Authors: Wilkinson Andrew A. , Jagu Elodie , Ubych Krystian , Rushton Ashleigh E. , Kennefick Jack , Su Qiang , Neely Robert K. , Fernandez-Trillo Paco
Published: October 2019

Current methods for bioconjugation rely on the introduction of stable linkers that lack the required versatility to perform sequential functionalizations. However, sequential manipulations are an increasing requirement in chemical biology because they can underpin multiple analyses of the same sample to provide a wider understanding of cell behavior. Here, we present a new method to site-selec- tive write, erase and re-write chemical functionality to a biomolecule, DNA in this case. Our method com- bines the robustness of methyltransferase-directed labeling with the versatility of dynamic covalent chemistry. Underpinning the method is a new S-adenosyl-L-methionine derivative to site-selectively la- bel DNA with a bifunctional chemical handle containing an acyl hydrazone-linker and a terminal azide. Functional tags are conjugated via the azide, and can be erased when needed at the acyl hydrazone via dynamic exchange. The formed hydrazide-labeled DNA is a versatile intermediate that can be either re- written to reset the original chemical handle, or covalently reacted with a permanent tag. This ability to write, tag, erase and permanently tag DNA is exploited to sequentially introduce two fluorescent dyes on DNA. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of the method by developing a protocol to sort labeled DNA using magnetic beads, with subsequent amplification of the sorted DNA sample for further analysis. The presented method opens new avenues for site-selective bioconjugation, and should underpin integrative approaches in chemical biology where sequential functionalizations of the same sample are required.
Structure–property Effects in the Generation of Transient Aqueous Benzoic Acid Anhydrides by Carbodiimide Fuels
Authors: Kariyawasam Lasith , Kron Julie , Jiang Run , Sommer André , Hartley Scott
Published: October 2019

The design of dissipative systems, which operate out-of-equilibrium by consuming chemical fuels, is challenging. As yet, there are few examples of privileged fuel chemistry that can be broadly applied in abiotic systems in the same way that ATP hydrolysis is exploited throughout biochemistry. The key issue is that designing nonequilibrium systems is inherently about balancing the relative rates of coupled processes. The use of carbodiimides as fuels to generate transient aqueous carboxylic anhydrides has recently been used in examples of new nonequilibrium materials and supramolecular assemblies. Here, we explore the kinetics of formation and decomposition of a series of benzoic anhydrides generated from the corresponding acids and EDC under prototypical conditions (EDC = N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride). The reactions can be described by a simple mechanism that merges known behavior for the two processes independently. Structure–property effects in these systems are dominated by differences in anhydride decomposition rate. The kinetic parameters allow trends in concentration-dependent properties to be simulated, such as reaction lifetimes, peak anhydride concentrations, and efficiencies (i.e., total anhydride produced per equivalent of carbodiimide). For key properties there are diminishing returns with the addition of increasing amounts of fuel. This is particularly significant for the lifetimes, where substituent effects exert a much greater influence than fuel quantity under typical conditions. These results should provide useful guidelines for the design of functional systems making use of this chemistry.
PENINGKATAN HASILBELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER
Authors: K Hasnah , Amin Bahrun , Syakur Abdan , Suardi Suardi
Published: October 2019

Pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah mengindikasikan bahwa pembelajaran tersebut bersifat konvensional dan membuat fasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan pembelajaran numbered heads together (NHT) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa di IV SD Inpres Barang Kecamatan Pujananting  Kabupaten Barru. Menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (class room action research), dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus, tiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak 4 kali pertemuan. Indikator kinerja  KKM 70 dengan syarat ketuntasan belajar adalah 80 % .Hasil perhitunganrata ketuntasan individual pada siklus I rata-rata 65,93 dan siklus II sebesar 82,53. Hasil ini menunjukkan kenaikan skor 16,6.  Berdasarkan perhitungan ketuntasan klasikal, siswa yang lulus pada siklus I sebesar 53,33% dan siklus II 93,33%, yang menunjukkan kenaikan secara signifikan sebesar 40%. Kegiatan belajar berkelompok bagi siswa merupakan upaya guru dalam mengembangkan potensi kerjasama siswa, hal tersebut sejalan dengan konsep pembelajaran student centered learning.Indonesian language learning in schools indicates that the learning is conventional and makes it fasif. This study aims to analyze the application of numbered heads together learning (NHT) in improving student learning outcomes and activities in IV Primary Inpres of Pujananting Sub-district of Barru District. Using classroom action research, two cycles are carried out, each cycle is held for 4 meetings. Indicator of KKM 70 performance with learning completeness requirement is 80%. The result of the average calculation of individual endurance in the first cycle average 65.93 and the second cycle of 82.53. These results indicate a 16.6 increase in scores. Based on the calculation of classical completeness, students who graduated in the first cycle of 53.33% and cycle II 93.33%, which showed a significant increase of 40%. Group learning activities for students is an effort of teachers in developing the potential of student cooperation, it is in line with the concept of learning student centered learning
Evaluasi Kemampuan Dasar Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Berdasar Heuristik Krulik-Rudnick Materi Geometri
Authors: Suryaningsih Tri
Published: October 2019

Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah adalah kemampuan untuk mencari penyelesaian dari masalah matematika yang dihadapi dengan menggunakan semua bekal pengetahuan matematika yang dimiliki. Evaluasi ini bertujan untuk mengevaluasi proses kerja siswa SD dalam melaksanakan pemecahan masalah matematika berdasar modifikasi Heuristik model Krulik-Rudnick. Evaluasi ini menggali dan mengelompokkan kesulitan-kesulitan siswa yang dapat dipakai sebagai pijakan dalam mengambil tindak lanjut secara khusus untuk mencapai tujuan kognitifnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk melihat hasil evaluasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Pengambilan data meggunakan teknik wawancara dan Tes Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah. Subyek penelitian 32 siswa kelas VB SD N Ngaliyan 03 Semarang. Evaluasi didasarkan pada indikator-indikator langkah pemecahan masalah berdasar heuristik model Krulik-Rudnick yang dilakukan siswa meliputi: read and think, explore and plan, select a strategy, find an answer, reflect and extend. Data diambil melalui tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan wawancara. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa 6 siswa (18,75%) berada pada kategori baik, 8 siwa (25%) berada pada kategori cukup, dan 18 siswa (56,2%) berada pada kategori kurang. Siswa pada kategori baik selalu berusaha melaksanakan semua langkah pemecahan masalah, kecuali pada reflect and extend. Siswa dengan kategori cukup menunjukkan hanya sebagian langkah pemecahan masalah yang dilakukan, langkah explore and plan, reflect and extend menjadi kegiatan yang jarang mereka lakukan. Sedangkan siswa dengan kategori kurang menunjukkan bahwa pada semua indikator implementasi pemecahan masalah menunjukkan kualitas yang rendah.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SEKOLAH DASAR QUR’ANI AL-IKHLASH RAPPANG KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG
Authors: Lanta Jumiati , Riana Lababa
Published: October 2019

This research aim to  description: 1) how profile elementary school Qur’ani Al- Ikhlas Rappang (Sidenreg Rappang Regency), and 2) reinforcement of  Implementation education character at elementary school Qur’ani Al- Ikhlas Rappang (Sidenreng Rappang Regency). This research it was descriptive kualitative research  through case study. The data resources were; head master, teachers, Parents, and pupil of elemntary school Qur’ani Al-Ikhlas Rappang. Technique collecting data by using observation, intervew and documentation. Data analysis by using Milles Huberman technique was covered; data reduction, provided data, verification data. To make validitatioan data, the research was  used  triangulasi sources and triangulasi method. The research result showed that was; 1) elementary school Qur’ani Al- Ikhlash Rappang was one of the basic  Islamic private elemntary  school, located in Rappang, Distric pancarijang, Sidenreng Rappang regency, south sulawasi , Indonesia. This school was builded in 2014 as collabaration Wahdaislamiyah Sidenreng Rappang Regency with inhabitants, and parents of the students. This institute was overation by fullday school system and have point of view “ bertauhid dan berprestasi”; 2) Implementation education character elemntary school Qur’ani Al-Ikhlash Rappang implemnted through culture and school system as well as; best attitude, education, makes good condition, good suggest, good communication, 9K concep (kerapian, kebersihan, ketertiban, kesopanan, keindahan, kerindangan, kedisiplinan, keimanan, dan ketaqwaan). The aplication of education charakter  through cleaning around school with self awarness. Everyday, teachers showed attitude to keep clean around the school, as well as students have become accustomed to cleaned their class  without command.
Some reflections on a research journey in law and society
Authors: Chanock Martin
Published: October 2019

A research journey is not planned but develops according to where one is geographically, and the politics of the broader world, and of scholarship, at the time. My journey took me from South Africa, through England, to Africa in the period after decolonisation, and finally to an inter-disciplinary School at La Trobe University. My research, with its foci on colonialism, and a post-colonial world that continues to be dominated by the Global North, reflects this.
A PARASSUBORDINAÇÃO COMO FORMA DE DISCRIMINAÇÃO
Authors: Vasconcelos Porto Lorena
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo visa ao estudo da parassubordinação no Direito do Trabalho. Primeiramente, busca-se delimitar esse conceito no Direito italiano, analisando-se as alterações legislativas ocorridas na matéria nos últimos anos. Em seguida, a partir do estudo da evolução doutrinária e jurisprudencial do conceito de subordinação, busca-se demonstrar que a parassubordinação conduz à redução desse último à sua acepção clássica e restrita, pois é a única forma de diferenciá-las. Evidencia-se, ainda, a insuficiência dos direitos e garantias trabalhistas aplicáveis aos parassubordinados, os quais são muito inferiores, quantitativa e qualitativamente, àqueles previstos para os trabalhadores subordinados. Em razão disso, e com base na atual acepção do princípio da isonomia, demonstra-se que a parassubordinação configura verdadeira discriminação, pois não há razão objetiva suficiente para que se proceda à referida diferenciação entre parassubordinados e subordinados.
LE DROIT DU TRAVAIL DANS L’AFFRONTEMENT DES MONDES POSSIBLES
Authors: Dockès Emmanuel
Published: October 2019

Les ordonnances du 22 septembre 2017, les réformes des précédents gouvernements et la Proposition de code du travail du Groupe de recherche pour un autre code du travail (GR-PACT)2 en disent long sur les projets de société et les visions du monde qui s’affrontent au travers des réformes du droit du travail français.
LA INCIDENCIA DEL TLC CON EE. UU. EN LA NORMATIVIDAD DE LAS COOPERATIVAS DE TRABAJO ASOCIADO EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Bermúdez Alarcón Katerine
Published: October 2019

Colombia, debido a la necesidad de contar con un tratado de libre comercio con Estados Unidos, realizó de manera paulatina algunas reformas a su legislación laboral, con miras a lograr la ratificación del TLC por parte del Congreso de este país. Dentro de dichas reformas, uno de los asuntos que más trabajó el Estado colombiano fue lo relacionado con las Cooperativas de Trabajo Asociado (CTA), las cuales en la práctica venían utilizándose indebidamente para permitir la contratación indirecta de trabajadores y ocultar al verdadero empleador, por lo cual, las reformas se encaminaron a limitar su marco de acción, sancionar a quienes incurrieran en estas conductas y promover la formalización laboral a través de la condonación de multas a cambio de una contratación directa del trabajador, sin que esto por sí solo haya logrado una solución de fondo al problema de la subcontratación viciosa para hacer fraude al contrato de trabajo y a las garantías de los trabajadores.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DAS REFORMAS INSTITUCIONAIS DE AUSTERIDADE
Authors: Figueiredo de Lima Henrique , Grillo Coutinho Leonardo da Silva Sayonara , Leonardo Silva Carneiro Antonio , Angelo Leal Luana
Published: October 2019

As reformas institucionais e os programas governamentais introduzidos no Brasil sob o impulso daspolíticas de austeridade, intensificados em 2016 após o impeachment, são apresentadas neste trabalho sob oenfoque das relações entre direito e austeridade. O artigo esquadrinha o conceito de jurisprudência de austeridadeconstruído por António Casimiro Ferreira para descrever o fenômeno da contestação judicial das reformasportuguesas e o comportamento do tribunal constitucional português ao apreciá-las. A partir da compreensão deque o direito e suas instituições se transformam com a construção de uma sociedade de austeridade, conformedesenvolvido pelo sociólogo português, nas obras “Sociedade de Austeridade e Direito do Trabalho de Exceção”(2012), “Política e Sociedade: Teoria social em tempo de austeridade” (2014) e “The Politics of Austerity asPolitics of Law” (2016) a pesquisa problematiza a aplicabilidade do conceito de jurisprudência de austeridade aocontexto nacional. A partir de tal referencial teórico o artigo examina o atual estágio da contestação judicial daspolíticas de austeridade no país, com o manejo das técnicas de pesquisa de levantamento bibliográfico, legislativoe de documentos, com a catalogação e análise de processos e decisões judiciais:
PARA ALÉM DO EMPREGO: Os caminhos de uma verdadeira reforma do direito do trabalho
Authors: Supiot Alain
Published: October 2019

O presente estudo visa a demonstrar que uma verdadeira reforma do Direito do Trabalho é necessária, tendo como norte, não as expectativas dos mercados financeiros, mas a implementação em escala global de um regime de trabalho realmente humano. Tal regime é imprescindível para que haja qualidade dos produtos, preservação do meio ambiente, liberdade no trabalho e realização do ser humano ao máximo na execução de tarefas úteis a seus semelhantes. Nesse sentido, criticam-se as reformas do Direito do Trabalho que vêm sendo implementadas, as quais visam à adaptação dos homens às necessidades do mercado, traduzindo-se em verdadeira desregulamentação, inspirada na doutrina ultraliberal. Criticam-se, ainda, as políticas da Comissão Europeia e do Banco Central Europeu e as decisões da Corte de Justiça da União Europeia, que incorporam a ideologia ultraliberal e preconizam a chamada flexissegurança. Propõe-se a implementação do chamado “estado profissional da pessoa”, que vai além do emprego e engloba todas as formas de trabalho, desde a formação inicial até a aposentadoria, tendo como linha de horizonte a humanização do trabalho. A esse estado profissional, baseado nas noções de liberdade, justiça social e solidariedade, corresponderiam os direitos sociais, que asseguram aos trabalhadores a continuidade de seu estatuto social, independentemente da diversidade de tarefas exercidas ao longo da vida profissional.
RIGHT TO DISCONNECT: french and italian proposals for a global issue
Authors: Avogaro Matteo
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the increasing process of digitization has gradually blurred the boundaries between work and private life. Therefore, new issues concerning workers’ protection arose. One of the main topics on this matter is related to employees’ tendency to utilize technological devices, as smartphones and tablets, to remain “connected” to their job outside ordinary business hours. In relation to this aspect, the paper addresses the debate and juridical solutions proposed and developed in France, through the Loi El Khomri, and in Italy, with the law No. 81/2017 recently approved by Parliament, to introduce a right (and/or an obligation) to disconnect in favour of digitized employees, and in order to protect workers’ private life, preventing diseases related to risk of burnout and the augmentation of stress. Furthermore, the analysis will be focused on the social debate related to the abovementioned topic. In particular, it will concern the positions assumed on this matter by main workers’ and employers’ organizations of the said countries, and their reactions to the initiatives undertaken by legislators, in order to realize a first evaluation concerning the impact of the solutions proposed. Afterwards, the attention will be cantered on praxis and tools introduced by collective agreements, in order to verify whether social partners have been able to find more efficient methods to balance work and private life, than the ones suggested by legislators. The outcome of the paper is referred to the actions that ILO could assume, on the base of the experience developed in France and in Italy, to address the future global issue of protecting employees’ work-life balance.
A NEGOCIAÇÃO COLETIVA DE TRABALHO E A LEI 13.467/2017 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND THE LAW 13.467/2017
Authors: Gunther Luiz Eduardo , Thomazinho Comar Rodrigo , Pescarolo Carina
Published: October 2019

Trata, o presente artigo, do estudo do instituto da negociação coletiva trabalhista por meio de um breve histórico e de sua conceituação, passando por sua contextualização, importância e utilidade em relação ao Decreto-Lei 5.424, de 1º de maio de 1943. O estudo aborda, ainda, os efeitos causados pela inovação legislativa trazida pela Lei 13.467, de 11 de novembro de 2017, denominada “reforma trabalhista”, comparativo que se dá não só pela análise da modificação dos artigos da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT), mas também pelas novas formas a serem adotadas frente à reformulação das bases teóricas e principiológicas introduzidas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e pela investigação acerca das perspectivas doutrinárias sobre as modificações implementadas.
MY MEETINGS WITH Y.A. IVANOV IN KALININGRAD
Authors: Zubin A.B.
Published: October 2019

In this essay, a former employee of the Atlantic branch of P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology remembers the temporary stay of Yu. A. Ivanov with his family in Kaliningrad and his work there in 1962–1964. There the Institute management has instructed him to provide scientific support for that Atlantic Branch of Shirshov Institute of Oceanology in defining the issue and research methodology in hydrophysical direction. Employees of the physical sector of the Branch fully appreciated the high level of his work on the study the processes of formation of large-scale structure of hydrophysical fields of the ocean. They acknowledged with full understanding his original ideas and developments in the study of the climate of the oceans. Yu.A. Ivanov generously shared with them the results of his research, new approaches to modeling the processes of the upper active layer of the ocean. Besides the fact that Yuri Alexandrovich Ivanov was an outstanding scientist, he was also a wonderful man – kind, cheerful, ironic and witty. Although he did not work for long in the Atlantic branch of the Institute of Oceanology, the contribution he made to the direction, organization and conduct of research carried out in the Department, in particular hydrological, is truly invaluable. Hydrologists of the Atlantic Department, and not only hydrologists, could only regret that Yuri Alexandrovich did not remain an employee of the Department, and because of the circumstances he was forced to return to Moscow.
Fearful to be an entrepreneur? A cross-country analysis of factors inhibiting entrepreneurship
Authors: Singh Satwinder
Published: October 2019

This paper is an empirical analysis that has explored personal and socio-economic factors that may inhibit entrepreneurial activity in two diverse countries--the UK and Brazil.  Results show that British and Brazilian males, when they are skilled are less afraid to start a new venture. Results also show that this could be owing to a high status accorded in both the countries to new business start-ups. However, whereas media publicity may add to the fear factor of starting a business in the case of British entrepreneurs; it lessens the fear in the case of Brazilian entrepreneurs. Past failures seem to have no impact on British entrepreneurs, but such failures do seem to add to the fear in Brazilian entrepreneurs. Positive planning to start a new business adds to optimism for British entrepreneurs. Contrary to UK males, younger Brazilian males are less fearful of starting a new business.