bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Kinerja Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing Menggunakan Modulasi QAM dan Offset QAM
Authors: Ari Endang Jayati  , Budiani Destyningtias
Published: March 2023

Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) merupakan sistem multicarrier masa datang yang bersifat nonortogonal. GFDM merupakan teknik transmisi data berbentuk blok yang setiap subcarrier-nya dibentuk dari pulsa berbentuk nonrectangular. Penerapan quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) mapping untuk GFDM sangat baik karena  meningkatkan efisiensi spektrum. QAM juga memiliki keterbatasan, yaitu meningkatnya kompleksitas ketika  diimplementasikan. Selain itu, inter-carrier interference (ICI) juga masih ada dan sangat berpengaruh terhadap sistem. Untuk melakukan mitigasi terhadap kelemahan itu, digunakan teknik offset QAM (OQAM) mapping. Kelebihan GFDM/OQAM dibandingkan GFDM/QAM adalah komponen quadrature dan in-phase pada modulasi OQAM tidak mengalami pergeseran pada slot waktu yang sama, out of band (OOB) yang rendah, pesat data yang tinggi, dan bebas ICI. Makalah ini membandingkan dua skenario, yaitu sistem GFDM/OQAM dan sistem GFDM/QAM. Penelitian ini menganalisis kinerja bit error rate (BER) jika sinyal dilewatkan saluran additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) dan saluran Rayleigh. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa GFDM/OQAM mempunyai kinerja lebih bagus. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa agar mendapatkan BER 10-2, terjadi penurunan nilai rasio energi per bit terhadap daya derau ( ) sebanyak 8 dB pada modulasi QAM ke OQAM ketika dilewatkan kanal AWGN. Sementara itu, ketika dilewatkan kanal Rayleigh, untuk mendapatkan nilai BER 10-2, terjadi penurunan nilai  sebanyak 9 dB pada modulasi QAM ke OQAM. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga telah berhasil menyelidiki kinerja kedua sistem untuk parameter diagram konstelasi dan spektrum sinyal. Penelitian ini berhasil mendapatkan acuan nilai roll-off factor yang dapat digunakan pada penerapan sistem GFDM/OQAM dengan hasil kinerja terbaik yaitu 0,3. Faktor nilai roll-off factor sangat memengaruhi kinerja pada sistem GFDM.
Mengoptimalkan Akurasi pada Klasifikasi Emosi Majemuk Berdasarkan Semantik Kalimat Menggunakan XLM-RoBERTa
Authors: Aripin  , Steven Adi Santoso  , Hanny Haryanto
Published: March 2023

Emosi dasar dibagi menjadi enam, yaitu marah, sedih, senang, jijik, kaget, dan takut. Gabungan lebih dari satu emosi dasar dapat menciptakan sebuah emosi baru, yaitu emosi majemuk. Emosi majemuk dapat diimplementasikan untuk chat-bot, penerjemahan bahasa, text summarization, dan sebagainya. Penelitian mengenai klasifikasi emosi berdasarkan teks bahasa Indonesia telah banyak dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa model tradisional, seperti multinomial naïve Bayes, SVM, k-nearest neighborhood, dan term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). Penelitian tersebut memiliki kelemahan, antara lain kinerja yang kurang optimal karena model hanya dapat mengklasifikasi dari data yang telah dipelajarinya, diperlukan pemrosesan teks terlebih dahulu, dan diperlukannya waktu yang lama dalam proses pelatihan dengan data berukuran besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi beberapa kelemahan penelitian sebelumnya dengan menggunakan model cross-lingual language model-robustly optimized bidirectional encoder representations from transformers approach (XML-RoBERTa) untuk mengklasifikasi emosi majemuk berdasarkan semantik atau makna kalimat dan kata. XLM-RoBERTa merupakan sebuah model transformer yang dapat mengetahui sebuah makna kata dari attention mechanism pada kata tersebut dan merupakan sebuah vektor yang merepresentasikan sebuah konteks atau makna kata. Attention mechanism merupakan sebuah representasi kata berbentuk vektor untuk mengetahui penggunaan dan posisi kata pada suatu kalimat dan merupakan cara agar model dapat mengetahui makna dari sebuah kata. Dengan attention mechanism, model dapat melihat pola kalimat dari penggunaan kata dan mengklasifikasikan kalimat tersebut sesuai dengan pola dan urutan kata, sehingga semantik kalimat dapat diketahui. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa model yang diusulkan mampu mengklasifikasi teks berbahasa Indonesia ke dalam kelas-kelas emosi dasar dan kombinasinya sebagai dasar pembentukan emosi majemuk dengan akurasi sebesar 95,56%. Nilai akurasi ini merupakan nilai akurasi yang lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan penelitian klasifikasi kelas emosi majemuk dengan menggunakan model tradisional.
CNN-Based Model for Copy Detection Pattern Estimation and Authentication
Authors: Syukron Abu Ishaq Alfarozi  , Azkario Rizky Pratama
Published: March 2023

Counterfeiting has been one of the crimes of the 21st century. One of the methods to overcome product counterfeiting is a copy detection pattern (CDP) stamped on the product. CDP is a copy-sensitive pattern that leads to quality degradation of the pattern after the print and scan process. The amount of information loss is used to distinguish between original and fake CDPs. This paper proposed a CDP estimation model based on the convolutional neural network (CNN), namely, CDP-CNN. The CDP-CNN addresses the spatial dependency of the image patch. Thus, it should be better than the state-of-the-art model that uses a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) architecture. The proposed model had an estimation bit error rate (BER) of 9.91% on the batch estimation method. The error rate was 9% lower than the previous method that used an autoencoder MLP model. The proposed model also had a lower number of parameters compared to the previous method. The effect of preprocessing, namely the use of an unsharp mask, was tested using a statistical testing method. The effect of preprocessing had no significant difference except in the batch estimation scheme where the unsharp mask filter reduced the error rate by at least 0.5%. In addition, the proposed model was also used for the authentication method. The authentication using the estimation model had a good separation distribution to distinguish the fake and original CDPs. Thus, the CDP can still be used as the authentication method with reliable performance. It helps anti-counterfeiting on product distribution and reduces negative impacts on various sectors of the economy.
АРХИТЕКТУРА ЧАСТНЫХ СЕТЕЙ LTE
Authors: Бухтеев М.И. , Портной С.Л.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрена архитектура частных сетей LTE (pLTE). Освещены вопросы частотного обеспечения таких сетей. Представлено решение pLTE, разработанное специалистами ООО "СПЕКТР".
Evaluation of Biosurfactant Property within Plant Probiotic Species
Authors: Hiranmayee Gottumukkala , Alla Saravani , Lakamsami Ananya , Devi Kanumilli Hima Madhuri , Reddy Golamari Siva
Published: March 2023

The present study focusses on proving the biosurfactant activity of the 7 isolated bacterial strains. Plants could not absorb enough nutrients as a result of contamination in the soil. This contaminants can be chemical pollutants or oil spillage. By considering the earlier potential applications of biosurfactants, this research was aimed to prove the role of a plant probiotic bacteria as oil degrading bacteria. In order to prove this approach, many screening methods were performed such as drop collapse, oil spreading (mm), emulsification stability testing by calculating emulsification index (E24%), penetration assay etc. Among the 7 selected isolates, isolate KL-015 have shown positive results with all the biosurfactant screening analysis. A unique role was proven by KL-011 isolate as it has shown a high oil degrading zone, i.e., 0.6 mm in diameter as well as the formation of more foam layer or emulsified layer with the emulsification index of 17.39% which indicates its role in having a biosurfactant molecule within it.
Susceptibility Profile of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin among Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates in UTI from a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kalai Januki , Maheswary D. , Leela K.V. , Gopinathan Anusha
Published: March 2023

UTI is one of the most common infections requiring antibiotic treatment and hospitalization. The rising trend in multidrug resistance to commonly used antibiotics has reduced the therapeutic options for treating these infections. Reexploring older antibiotics like nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin provide treatment options and help combat resistance. This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, from July 2021 to February 2022. The study included only clean catch midstream urine isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia from hospitalized patients and outpatients. Standard microbiological procedures were used to process the urine samples. Direct gram stain and conventional biochemical reactions were performed to identify the isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration by E- test gradient method for fosfomycin. MIC for nitrofurantoin was determined by Micro Broth Well Dilution according to CLSI guidelines 2021. Among 150 urine samples, Escherichia coli 107 (71.3%) was higher than Klebsiella pneumonia 43 (29%). Carbapenemase production was seen in 58 (63.04%) isolates by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Among the 58 positive carbapenemase producers, E. coli was found to be 33 (56.8%), and Klebsiella pneumonia was 25 (43.1%). Fosfomycin susceptibility rates by E test were reported to be high in Escherichia coli, ranging from 0.5-1mg/L. Klebsiella pneumonia was less susceptible to fosfomycin ranging from 16-32mg/L. Only 7(21%) isolates of Escherichia coli showed MIC of 1-4µg/ml to nitrofurantoin by broth microdilution. 21 (63.63%) isolates of Escherichia coli and 11(44%) isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia were reported to have an intermediate category with MIC of 8-32µg/mL. A higher MIC of 64- > 256µg/ml was shown by 5 (15.15%) isolates of Escherichia coli and 14 (56%) isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia. Older medications may resurface as useful therapeutic choices as resistance to current treatment options grow.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Hemodialysis Patients in A Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Rajasekaran C. , Kalpanaraj D. , Banu S. Thasneem , Duraivel M.
Published: March 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hemodialysis patients is mainly associated with insufficient precautionary measures. Compared with the general population, the prevalence of HCV infection is high among hemodialysis patients. HCV infection in these patients is typically associated with increased morbidity and mortality; however, the early detection of HCV may retard disease progression and reduce morbidity and mortality. In this study, we sought to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV infection among patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, South India. This was a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study that included 82 hemodialysis patients. Blood samples were collected from each patient, and the serum was separated for detection of the presence of HCV antibodies, HCV core antigen, and HCV RNA using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, enzyme immunoassay, and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Relevant socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory information was also obtained. Among samples collected from the 82 patients, seven were found to be positive for HCV antibodies, whereas nine and eleven samples were found to be positive for HCV core antigen and HCV RNA, respectively. Long durations of renal failure and hemodialysis were identified as being positively associated with HCV infection in these hemodialysis patients, and a statistically significant reduction in hemoglobin levels and an increase in creatinine levels were detected among the HCV-positive patients. The overall seroprevalence of HCV infection in hemodialysis patients was found to be 13.4%. Given that high rate false-negative reactions were detected using ELISA and EIA, screening of HCV RNA during the early stages of HCV infection can contribute to preventing its nosocomial spread in these patients. Moreover, it is imperative that stringent universal precautionary measures are implemented in all health care settings and hemodialysis units to minimize the risk of HCV transmission.
ХОЁР ТАНХИМТАЙ ПАРЛАМЕНТЫН АНГИЛАЛ, ХЭВ МАЯГ, ЗАГВАРУУД
Authors: Д.Сүхболд
Published: March 2023

here are shown main criterions of political researchers and scientists about the classification or styles of bicameral parliamentary system; About key bicameral parliamentary models around the world, such as Aristocratic, Federal and discussioned.
АРДЧИЛЛЫН ТӨЛӨӨХ ҮЙЛ ЯВЦЫН ӨРНӨЛ БА ЭРХ ЧӨЛӨӨНД ТЭМҮҮЛЭХҮЙ (АРДЧИЛЛЫН ДИЛЕММА – I)
Authors: О.Хатанболд  , Дамдин Д.Бадараев
Published: March 2023

Энэхүү өгүүллийг тэрлэхийн учир нь, ардчилал болон түүний төлөвшил хийгээд гарсан өөрчлөлтийг судалгааныхаа чиглэл болгон сонгон судалж буй зохиогчийн сүүлийн үед хийсэн эмпирик мэдээлэлд анализ хийх хэлбэрээр ардчиллын төлөөх үйл явцад оруулж буй улс орнуудын туулсан замналыг «Ардчиллын төлөөх үйл явцын өрнөл ба эрх чөлөөнд тэмүүлэхүй» хэмээх сэдвийн дор нөхцөл байдалд дискурс анализ хийхийг зорьсон болно. Чингэхдээ 1959 онд АНУ-д өрнөсөн Ардчиллын төлөөх оюутнуудын хөдөлгөөн, 1989 онд БНХАУ-д өрнөсөн ардчилал, хүний эрх, авлига, хүнд суртлыг халахын төлөө өрнүүлсэн ширүүн тэмцэл хийгээд Тяньаньмэний талбайд болсон аймшигт явдлын 30 жилийн ойд зориулан эл үйл явдал гарах болсон шалтгаан хийгээд түүнд үзүүлсэн эрх баригчдын хандлага, сөрөг арга хэмжээ, Зүүн европын улс орнуудад дэгдсэн ардчиллын төлөөх цогтой тэмцэл, ЗХУ-ын задрал зэрэг асуудлыг хөндөхийн зэрэгцээ эл үйл явц монголчуудад хэрхэн нөлөөлсөн талаарх үйл явцын мөн чанарыг тодруулахыг зорьсноороо онцлогтой. Мөн ардчиллыг бэхжүүлэх, улмаар түүнийг гажуудахад нөлөөлж буй сүүлийн үеийн үйл явдлыг шинжлэн зохиогчийн ШУА-ийн Философийн хүрээлэнгийн эрдэм шинжилгээний цуврал бичиг «Философи, эрхийн судлал- XXXII» (Уб., 2017) дугаарт хэвлэгдсэн «Монголчуудын ардчиллын тухай ойлголтын шинжилгээ: дискурс анализ» эрдэм шинжилгээний өгүүллийн үргэлжлэл болгон энэхүү өгүүллийг тэрлэв.
КОММУНИЗМЫН ТҮҮХИЙГ ЭРГЭН СӨХВӨЛ
Authors: Д.Ундрах
Published: March 2023

Өнгөрсөнгүй өнөөдөр үгүйн адил, өнөөдөргүй ирээдүй оршихгүй тул өмнөх үеэ сэргээн судлаж, харьцуулан баримжаалж зарчим үнэт зүйсээ тодорхойлж явах нь чухлын учир бидний хувьд тун саяхныг хүртэл ач холбогдолтой, амин чухалд тооцогдож явсан коммунист онол, үзэл суртал, үйл явцын талаар эргэн хөндөхийг зорьлоо.
An Evaluation on Fish Diet Composition Studies in Türkiye
Authors: Ölmez Ayşe , Aydın Ayşegül
Published: March 2023

Determination of the dietary composition and feeding habits of fish is important to explore and compare trophic interactions, food web structure, population, and ecological dynamics within and between aquatic ecosystems and to ensure sustainability. Factors such as global warming in the world and the effects of human activity cause the reduction of fish populations to the deterioration of the ecological balance. That is why we need to fill scientific knowledge gaps to discover and protect biodiversity. In this study, studies that determine the dietary composition of fish species distributed in our country's waters were brought together and the methods used were examined. When we examine these studies; It has been observed that information on the diet compositions of threatened and important commercial fish species is lacking, and existing studies are concentrated in certain areas. It has been determined that the studies carried out in the Black Sea and Aegean Seas are more than in the Mediterranean and Marmara Seas, there are no studies in the Southeastern Anatolia region, and there are few studies in the inland waters of the Mediterranean, Marmara, and Aegean regions.
Cystoseira (Ocrophyta) sensu lato 'nın Sinop Kıyılarında Biyoçeşitliliğinin Moleküler ve Morfolojik Olarak Tanımlanması ve Biyokütlesinin Atıksu Arıtımında Biyosorbent Olarak Kullanımının Araştırılması
Authors: Gümüş Fatih , Gümüş Dilek , Tezel Ersanlı Elif
Published: March 2023

Cystoseira sensu lato (s.l.) türleri kıyısal deniz ekosistemlerinin çok önemli bileşenlerindendir. Ekolojik önemlerine rağmen bu makroalglerin taksonomisi henüz tam olarak çözümlenmiş değildir. Bu çalışmada Sinop kıyılarından toplanan Cystoseira s.l. türlerinin moleküler ve morfolojik teşhisleri yapılmış ve iki tür Gongolaria barbata (Stackhouse) Kuntze ve Ericaria bosphorica (Sauvageau) D.Serio & G.Furnari ile temsil edildiği görülmüştür. Çalışmanın kapsamında alg atıklarının atıksu arıtımında Cr+6 giderim performansı ele alınmış karakterizasyon, biyosorpsiyon kinetiği ve izotermleriyle ilgili çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Başlangıç konsantrasyonu, pH, temas süresi gibi temel parametrelerin biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon verilerinin Freundlich izoterm modeliyle ve yalancı ikinci derece kinetik model ile daha uyumlu olduğu görüldü. Uyumlu olan her iki modelde de korelasyon katsayıları 0.99'un üzerindeydi. Optimum koşullardaki biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi 41,23 mg g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre atık alg biyokütlesi atıksulardan Cr+6 gideriminde etkin bir biyosorbent olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Güney Batı Anadolu Gökkuşağı Alabalığı Üretim Tesislerindeki GLOBALGAP-AQUA ve ASC Yetiştiricilik Sertifikasyonu Uygulamaları
Authors: Hazırbulan Servet , Çetinkaya Osman
Published: March 2023

Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği tüm dünyada mevcut potansiyeli, sağladığı avantajlar, dünya gıda ihtiyacına, istihdam ve yerel ekonomilere katkısı nedeniyle üretimi hızla yükselen bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Türkiye de su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin ve buna dayalı ihracatın belirgin düzeylerde arttığı ülkeler arasına girmiştir. Gökkuşağı alabalığı yetiştiriciliği bu sektörün lideri ve itici gücü durumundadır. Başta doğal kaynakların sınırlılığı ve kullanımları sonunda ortaya çıkan kirlenme ve ekolojik dengede bozulmalar, pazar ve tüketici istekleri yetiştiricilik faaliyetlerinin bir kurala ve düzene oturtulmasını, sertifikasyon ve denetimi zorunlu kılmıştır. Küresel ölçekte su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği konusunda sertifikasyon ve kontrol yapan GLOBALGAP-AQUA ve Akuakültür Yönetim Konseyi (ASC) Türkiye’de de faaliyet göstermektedir. Bu çalışma Güney Batı Anadolu Bölgesinde GLOBALGAP-AQUA ve ASC sertifikasyonuna sahip gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) işletmelerinde yapılmış, özellikle çevre ve su kalitesi yönetimi üzerinde durulmuştur. Sertifikasyon uygulamalarının faydaları, başarıları ve sorunları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla seçilen işletmelerde yerinde gözlem ve incelemeler yapılmış, tesislerin ilgili personeli ile yüz yüze anketler yapılmış, sertifikasyonların versiyonları incelenmiş, değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Anketlere göre sertifikasyonlarda başarılar ‘’izlenebilir ve sürdürülebilir’’ ürün elde etmek (%31,1), üretim miktarını arttırmak, tesis ve ürün kalitesini yükseltmek, pazarlama avantajları sağlamaktır. Sertifikasyonların faydaları olarak, ülkeye ihracat, istihdam ve döviz girdisi sağlamak (%17,8), çevre ve su kalitesi yönetiminin etkinliğini, işçi sağlığı ve refahını arttırmak sıralanmıştır. Sertifikasyonlarda en önemli yetersizlikler olarak “su kalitesi analiz maliyetlerinin yüksekliği (%41,03), bürokratik engellemeler, üretimle oluşan kirlilik, tesis denetiminin yetersizliği, teknik elamanların sertifikasyon eğitimi eksiklikleri, eğitim ve araştırma kuruluşları ile tesisler arasında işbirliği yetersizliği vurgulanmıştır.
Retablos ex-votivos como suporte de denúncia da violência contra a mulher
Authors: Oliveira José Cláudio Alves de , Mascarenhas Fernanda Assunção Camelier , Miranda Sasha Morbeck
Published: March 2023

O objeto de estudo deste trabalho são os ex-votos que apresentam em suas narrativas cenas de violências contra a mulher, e representam um documento histórico da sociedade, na qual estão inserido, e configuram-se como uma mídia de denúncia social, aspecto da folkcomunicação que dá voz a pessoas em situação vulnerável e que passam por diversos tipos de agressões no seu cotidiano. As mulheres são umas das principais vítimas de violência dentro das sociedades. Com o surto da Covid-19, e a necessidade do isolamento domiciliar, as mulheres ficaram ainda mais vulneráveis, sendo vítimas dos seus próprios parceiros. A violência se expressa sob diversas formas: física, psicológica etc... O México é um dos países da América Latina que conservam as tradições católicas, possuindo grande produção de ex-votos. Serão apresentados, neste trabalho, cinco retablos ex-votivos mexicanos, de caráter transgressor, pois sua natureza foge da temática tradicional religiosa, abordando temas considerados estigmatizados. A partir de estudos iconográficos e iconológicos destas placas ex-votivas, alguns aspectos podem ser verificados: a relação da violência com uso abusivo de álcool, e a percepção dos papéis atribuídos à mulher e ao homem dentro de um relacionamento afetivo e no contexto sociocultural.
Feminicídio em pauta
Authors: Rosas Felícia Arbex , Rabay Glória
Published: March 2023

A violência contra a mulher tem sido frequentemente noticiada pela mídia. Mas como estes crimes são noticiados? Para contribuir com a resposta a esta questão, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar o discurso da cobertura de um crime de feminicídio que ganhou destaque no programa Correio Verdade, da TV Correio, afiliada da Rede Record, na Paraíba. Utilizou-se a Análise de Discurso (CHARAUDEAU, 2006), e a teoria do Jornalismo (WOLF, 2001. TRAQUINA, 2005) para pensar os valores-notícia da reportagem escolhida. O debate sobre o modo como o feminicídio foi noticiado apoiou-se em estudosfeministas que discutem o assunto (PRADO; SANEMATSU, 2017. TIBURI, 2019 e PASINATO, 2016). A análise evidenciou uma prática midiática que reforça um ideal de família, entrelaçado à religiosidade, estereótipos de inferioridade de gênero e uma narrativa simbólica de dominação e subordinação, que naturaliza a morte das mulheres, tratando o feminicídio sem considerar o contexto de uma cultura estruturada na violência de gênero.
A violência contra a mulher nos cenários da mídia em tempos de pandemia
Authors: ARGOLO FERNANDA , Jacob Carneiro Adriana , Rubim Linda
Published: March 2023

O artigo recupera o contexto do aumento de casos de violência contra a mulher durante a pandemia do covid-19 e como o tema tem sido explorado nas diferentes produções da mídia, desde a imprensa aos conteúdos da teledramaturgia. Nesse sentido, o texto destaca que a atuação da mídia pode auxiliar para reconfigurar os padrões culturais sexistas que naturalizam a violência contra a mulher, ou, por outro lado, ratificá-la a partir da confirmação de estereótipos e representações de senso comum. A partir dessa abordagem, o artigo apresenta os seis textos que compõem o dossiê Violência Contra as Mulheres nas Narrativas Midiáticas, concluindo pela importância da consolidação de pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o tema da violência contra a mulher como estratégia de enfrentamento do problema.
Review of Russian Abstracts Accepted for United European Gastroenterology Week (2022)
Authors: Sheptulin A. A.
Published: March 2023

Aim: to present an analysis of the Russian abstracts published in the materials of the 30th. United European Gastroenterology Week (UEGW).

Key points. In the materials of 30 UEGW, 17 abstracts of Russian authors from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Kazan and other cities were published. The abstracts were devoted to topical issues of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of intestinal liver and pancreatic diseases.

Conclusion. Analysis of the published abstracts testifies to the high scientific level and large practical significance of the conducted research.
Screening and Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Cancer and Optimization of Diagnostic Imaging Techniques: A Review and Conclusion of the Expert Panel
Authors: Breder V. V. , Alikhanov R. B. , Bagnenko S. S. , Bessonova E. N. , Isakov V. A. , Kudashkin N. E. , Medvedeva B. M. , Mishchenko A. V. , Novruzbekov M. S. , Rudakov V. S.
Published: March 2023

Аim: to describe modern approaches for screening and early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Key points. Screening for HCC in high-risk groups (cirrhosis of any etiology, patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and patients with F3 liver fibrosis) should be organized as regular (every 6 months) liver ultrasound in combination with determination of the serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. At an AFP level of ≥ 20 ng/ml, even in the absence of changes according to ultrasound data, it is advisable to perform MRI with a hepatospecific contrast agent (gadoxetic acid) which makes it possible to detect very small focal liver lesions. If focal liver lesions of 1–2 cm are detected on ultrasound, additional imaging of the liver using MRI with a hepatospecific contrast agent gadoxetic acid helps to identify HCC at an earlier stage or high degree dysplastic nodes. When planning surgical treatment and liver transplantation, it is preferable to use MRI with a hepatospecific contrast agent, since the presence of the hepatobiliary phase may allow the detection of additional smaller focal liver lesions and assess the nature of the focal liver lesion. When a patient is included in the waiting list for liver transplantation, the optimal frequency of liver MRI is 1 time in 3 months.

Conclusion. MRI with hepatospecific contrast agent gadoxetic acid is effective in screening, early diagnosis and treatment planning for HCC.
Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Baranova I. A. , Baranov A. V.
Published: March 2023

Aim. To present data of Russian and foreign studies on the prevalence, pathogenesis and clinical picture of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) pathology in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Key point. At the beginning of the 20th century PHPT was considered a severe endocrine disease with specific bone and kidney complications, however in 1957 W.T. St Goar proposed a mnemonic triad to recognize this pathology as “diseases of stones, bones and abdominal groans”. A high frequency of gastrointestinal complaints, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, cholelithiasis in patients with PHPT has been reported. Hyperparathyroidism has been shown to cause smooth muscle atony with specific upper and lower GI symptoms such as nausea, heartburn and constipation. The prevalence of peptic ulcer in patients with PHPT, according to studies of the 50s–60s of the last century, ranged from 10 to 25 %. However, studies linking PHPT to peptic ulcer development were performed before the advent of proton 1). On the other hand, the development of pancreatitis in PHPT is one of the most studied pathologies. In developing countries its frequency can reach 10–20 % due to the absence of routine screening for blood calcium. Some authors report the impact of elevated parathyroid hormone levels on the formation of gallbladder stones by inhibiting of gallbladder emptying, hepatic bile secretion and mobility of the sphincter Oddi, and changing of the bile composition. A number of studies have found an increased risk of developing malignant neoplasms of the intestine, especially the colon, in patients with PHPT.

Conclusion. The digestive manifestations of parathyroid dysfunction in patients can often be overlooked, and serum calcium levels should be included in the routine examination in the presence of abdominal symptoms.
Laser Based 13C-urea Breath Test in Quantitative Assessment of Bacterial Colonization, Severity of Inflammation and Atrophy in Gastric Mucosa
Authors: Stepanov E. V. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: March 2023

Aim: to compare the results of 13C-UBT with the data of morphological analysis of the gastric and duodenal mucosa obtained during gastroduodenoscopy in gastritis and peptic ulcer. To analyze the dependence of the results of diode laser spectroscopy (DLS) based 13C-UBT on age, nosology, activity and severity of the inflammatory process, the degree of atrophy and metaplasia.

Materials and methods. The 13C-UBT DLS was performed in 525 patients before the start of eradication therapy and in 196 patients 10–12 weeks after its completion. The breath test was carried out according to a standard protocol using the BSIA patent kit (Great Britain). During endoscopy, 134 patients underwent a biopsy from the upper third of the body of the stomach, the antrum (within 5 cm from the pylorus along the greater curvature) and the duodenal bulb with histological examination with hematoxylin-eosin staining, PAS-reaction and Giemsa. Histological assessment of the state of the gastric mucosa was carried out according to a modified Sydney system with an assessment of morphological changes according to a 4-point visual analog scale (0 to 3+).

Results. A total of 525 patients (301 men and 224 women) aged 15–80 years (median 39.8 ± 15.1 years) were examined. 239 (45.5 %) patients were diagnosed with chronic gastritis, chronic duodenitis (including erosive forms). In 286 (54.5 %) patients, peptic ulcer was diagnosed with localization in the stomach — in 42 (8 %), in the duodenum – in 238 (45.3 %), combined lesions — in 9 (1.7 %) cases. Based on the results of 13C-UDT DLS, H. рylori infection was detected in 447 patients. H. рylori was not found in erosive gastritis in 15 %, erosive duodenitis in 21 % and chronic non-erosive gastritis in 23 %. In peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, H. pylori was detected in 93 % and 97 %.

A direct linear relationship between the results of the breath test and the quantitative content of H. рylori on the surface of the gastric mucosa was obtained. The parameters of laser 13C-UBT clearly correlate with the degree of severity of mononuclear infiltration of the mucosa (the strength of the connection is 0.78). When comparing the average values of laser 13C-UBT with the total assessment of the degree of mucosal neutrophilic infiltration, no significant relationship was found. With a slight severity of mucosal atrophy, the result of laser based 13C-UBT practically does not change; there is a tendency of a decrease in the breath test with an increase in atrophic changes.

Conclusion. Indicators of 13C-UBT correlate with the quantitative content of H. pylori bacteria in the gastric mucosa, the severity of mononuclear infiltration of the gastroduodenal mucous, the severity of atrophic changes.
Course of COVID-19 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Regional Experience
Authors: Kupkenova L. M. , Belousova E. N. , Bodryagina E. S. , Mukhametova D. D. , Odintsova A. Kh. , Iskhakova D. G. , Abdulganieva D. I.
Published: March 2023

Aim:to study the course of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) using the example of the region of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Material and methods.The study included 101 patients diagnosed with IBD and COVID-19, who were observed in two infectious diseases hospitals in Kazan (Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan and City Clinical Hospital No. 7) and on an outpatient basis from April 2020 to March 2022. All patients underwent physical examination, laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, including a PCR test for SARSCoV-2. Chest computed tomography was performed in patients with clinical signs of moderate to severe COVID-19.

Results.Ulcerative colitis (UC) was diagnosed in 60 (59.4 %) patients, Crohn's disease (CD) — in 41 (40.6 %) patients. The mean age of the patients was 41.0 ± 14.7 years, of which 59 (58.4 %) were men and 42 (41.6 %) were women. A comparative analysis of patients with and without IBD and CT-verified lung disease was carried out. It was found that the development of viral pneumonia was influenced by age over 55 years (39.2 ± 9.7 vs. 46.3 ± 10.6,p< 0.05), increased Body Mass Index (BMI) (23.1 ± 5.35 vs. 30.25 ± 6.17,p< 0.05), hypertension (6 (8.3 %) vs. 8 (27.6 %),p< 0.05), diabetes mellitus (2 (2.7 %) vs. 5 (17.2 %),p< 0.05), the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of IBD (8 (11.1 %) vs. 10 (34.5 %),p< 0.05). In a comparative analysis of patients with IBD and COVID-19 from the SECURE-IBD database and own data, it was found that the average age of patients was comparable (42.7 vs 41.0). At the same time, in our group of male patients, there were slightly more people with DM, increased BMI, and an active course of IBD. The proportion of hospitalized patients was higher. In our cohort, there were fewer patients receiving biological therapy, but more patients on 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and systemic corticosteroids. At the same time, lethal outcomes were comparable.

Conclusion.In patients with IBD, the development of viral pneumonia was influenced by known risk factors for COVID-19: age over 55 years (p< 0.05, odds ratio (OR) 3.153), increased BMI (p< 0.05, OR 1.667), hypertension  (p< 0.05, OR 2.724), diabetes (p< 0.05, OR 1.489), as well as the use of systemic corticosteroids (p< 0.05, OR 1.5).
Ischemic Changes in the Mucous Membrane of the Transverse Colon as a Complication of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Semenov D. A. , Shapovalyants S. G. , Seleznev D. E. , Yudin O. I. , Korolev S. V. , Gracheva N. A. , Mikhaleva L. M. , Paramonenko K. S.
Published: March 2023

Aim: to present a clinical case of a patient with a complicated course of acute pancreatitis.

Key points. A 31-year-old patient was admitted to the surgical department with a clinical picture of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. Signs of anemia were regarded as a consequence of gastrointestinal bleeding. Computed tomography with contrast enhancement, along with an increase in the size of the pancreas, the presence of foci of pancreatic necrosis with multiple fluid accumulations in the parapancreatic space, revealed smoothed gaustration and thickening of the walls of the predominantly transverse colon. During colonoscopy, ischemic changes of the colon mucosa were detected in a timely manner. Negative results of analysis for toxins A and B of Clostridioides difficile and pathogenic intestinal flora were obtained. By the means of intensive care, it was possible to achieve complete stabilization of the patient's condition, normalization of laboratory blood parameters and relief of ischemic processes in the colon wall.

Conclusion. Ischemic changes of the colon can serve as a complication of acute pancreatitis. A thorough analysis of the results of computed tomography at the first signs of colon lesion and colonoscopy contributed to the rapid detection of complications and prevention of irreversible colon ischemia.
Analisis Sosial Kelompok Masyarakat di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pulau Merah dalam Implementasi SOP Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik di Destinasi Wisata Bahari
Authors: Muyasaroh Siti , Muzaqi Ahmad , Defriatno Mawan Eko , Krisdhianto Andhi
Published: March 2023

Perkembangan pariwisata selain berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat, tetapi juga membawa dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Melihat urgensi permasalahan sampah di destinasi wisata bahari, diperlukan pengelolaan sampah yang bertanggung jawab dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kondisi eksisting persampahan dan memberikan rekomendasi pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama satu bulan, yaitu 26 Agustus-September 2021 menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif.  Rekomendasi struktur kelembagaan UPS Pulau Merah sebagai lembaga legal yang mengelola sampah di kawasan destinasi wisata perlu segera diwujudkan melalui surat Keputusan (SK) Kepala Desa Sumberagung. Dalam operasionalnya, diperlukan panduan teknis berupa SOP. Peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dapat dilakukan dengan sosialisasi dan edukasi secara bertahap. Selain itu, perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya pengembangan sumber pendanaan agar pengelolaan sampah di kawasan wisata bahari dan sekitarnya dapat berjalan optimal dan berkelanjutan.
Utility of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in Wound Assessment
Authors: Cha Han Gyu
Published: March 2023

The use of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging has become popular in the field of reconstructive surgery as it allows surgeons to confirm flap vascularity and lymphatic flow. Based on its reliability in detecting tissue perfusion, it is now being used to evaluate the status of wounds which helps surgeons make accurate intraoperative and postoperative decisions. This article aims to provide an overview of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging and its current utility in assessment of various wounds.
Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and acute myeloid leukaemia. A case report
Authors: Randrianarisoa Rova Malala Fandresena , Andrianandrasana Ny Ony , Rahantamalala Marie , Vololontiana Hanta Marie Danielle , Rafaramino Florine
Published: March 2023

We report a case of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with
acute myeloid leukaemia. The usual etiologies of haemophagocytic
lymphohistiocytosis, including viral infections, were negative.
Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to acute myeloid leukaemia
is often underestimated and undiagnosed. Haemophagocytic
lymphohistiocytosis may be masked by the tumour process, often making
the diagnosis difficult.
Ways of thinking of justification of favouritism on public sector admission in Turkey
Authors: Akin Mustafa Seref
Published: March 2023

The article investigated the search for favouritism by candidates to
influence the arbitration committee during oral exams since they need to
pass exams to be admitted into the public sector in Turkey. The
difficulties faced by candidates when finding favour, the efforts of
their families, and their need for moral relief in complicated and
legally criminalized acts emerged in a qualitative study. Based on an
analysis of people looking for favouritism, we developed 5 groups of
ways of thinking to justify their act: obedience to the system
requirement, socio-economic status anxiety, approval of the merit,
minimizing the risk, and career enhancement. On the one hand, candidates
argue that they do it because the system requires it. On the other hand,
they see it as an approval of merit. They even make their ability to
find a favour a part of their success story.
Conformance of Patient Information Leaflet of Selected Innovator and Generic Medicinal Products to Regulatory Requirements in Ethiopia
Authors: Birhanu Gebremariam , Daba Dejene , Tadeg Hailu , Matsabisa Motlalepula
Published: March 2023

Background: Patient information leaflets (PILs) have proven to
be a good source of information to prescribers, dispensers, and patients
by providing important information about the proper use and handling of
medicines. This study aimed to evaluate the conformance of the patient
information leaflet of selected innovator and generic medicinal products
to Ethiopian regulatory requirements. Method: A descriptive
cross-sectional study design and stratified sampling technique were
applied to collect product information leaflets from each
pharmacological category of medicinal products. Result: Most of
the PILs studied (96.4–99.6%) showed a high rate of conformance
concerning nine parameters. However, the least percentage conformance
(24.3–48.6%) was observed for the inclusion of product information
regarding four parameters. Regulatory conformance of the
innovator/comparator products in almost all of the parameters but
clinical pharmacology of medicines was found to be higher than those of
their generic counterparts. The European-manufactured medicines showed
relatively higher conformance across parameters compared to Asian and
African manufactured ones. Program drugs revealed better conformance
than other classes of medicines in most parameters. Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicated that, despite the efforts taken by
the concerned body to establish a minimum regulatory framework to ensure
the safety, quality, and efficacy of medicines, an indicative number of
commercial packs of medicinal products in Ethiopia do not fulfill all
the necessary information requirements set by the authority. Hence, the
Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority (EFDA) should take maximum efforts to
undertake intensive evaluation during pre-market authorization to ensure
that commercial packs of medical products are accompanied by complete
product information.
PERFORMANCE OF OPTIMALLY CONTROLLED ECONOMIC GROWTH MODELS WITH GENERALIZED PRODUCTION FUNCTION: THE ROLE OF POPULATION GROWTH DYNAMICS
Authors: Opuni-Basoa S. , Okyere G. A. , Gyamfi K. A. , Abaitey C. , Ampofo M. O.
Published: March 2023

As a sequel to previous papers, we assess, in a more general form, the
performance of real income per head / capita using generalized aggregate
production function under optimal control conditions. The role of the
population growth dynamics in all of this is carefully tracked,
especially as it varies from primarily exponential to sturdily logistic.
Analytical, qualitative and numerical simulation procedures are used to
decode the population associated parameters that engender qualitative
variations in the evolution of real income per head. Non-labour factors
of production per effective labour are here used as the state vector,
whereas the output variable is income per effective labour, whilst
consumption and investments relative to the above production factors,
per effective labour apiece, become the control vector. The quadratic
cost functional consisting of the control and state vectors,
time-discounted, turns the objective functional. Largely, real income
per head rises much quicker and generates higher time-values provided
the population growth mechanism is chiefly exponential in contrast to
being largely logistic, given the technological process of research and
development (R & D). Contrarily, under any other technology, real
income per head rather rises much quicker and generates higher
time-values so long as the underlying population growth mechanism is
chiefly logistic, and remotely utterly exponential. Such outcomes exert
consequences across board with regard to economic management in
underdeveloped (where population growth is exponential) and developed
(where population growth is firmly logistic) economies alike, as well as
those in-between these two extremes.
Shanxian granule‑containing serum mediated inhibition of hepatic oval cell EMT and malignant transformation via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway
Authors: qu mengyang , pan yanfang , yang yangqian , yang xinmao , fang yan , ying xiaoping , zhang meiqian , wei jing
Published: March 2023

Precancerous lesions of the liver are the intermediate stage in the
development of liver cancer from cirrhosis. Our previous studies
indicated that Shanxian granules (SXG) can alleviate abnormal
proliferation of liver cells and the formation of cirrhosis. To explore
the mechanism of SXG-containing serum in reversing
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and malignant transformation of
hepatic oval cells (HOC). The malignant transformation and EMT of rat
HOC cell line WB-F344 were induced by N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitroso (MNNG
). Subsequently, WB-F344 cells treated with MNNG were treated with with
three doses of SXG to observe its inhibitory effect. The Wnt signaling
pathway was blocked by adding Wnt activator CP21R7 on the basis of SXG
high dose group to observe whether the inhibitory effect was regulated
by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.SXG-containing serum inhibited
MNNG-stimulated proliferation, migration and invasion of WB-F344 cells
in a time-and dose-dependent manner. In MNNG-stimulated WB-F344 cells,
SXG-containing serum regulated the expression of tumor-related
indicators and EMT-related proteins、Wnt signaling pathway-related
proteins.The results showed that SXG-containing serum reversed WB-F344
EMT and malignant transformation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling
pathway, which provides a scientific basis for the clinical application
of SXG .
Bees diversity and distribution dynamics among various agro-climatic regions of Indian Punjab
Authors: Kaur Mehakpreet , Choudhary Amit , Mohindru Bharathi , Singh Jaspal , Dey Debjani , Chhuneja Pardeep
Published: March 2023

Diversity and abundance of bees were estimated in six agro-climatic
regions of an intensive agricultural state of India i.e. Punjab during
the year 2020-21. Random sampling was done at various locations in all
the six agro-climatic regions. Thirty sweeps of the hand insect net were
made at each location. Overall, 7482 bees’ specimens were collected
among which the most abundant bee species was Apis mellifera Linnaeus
(12.58%), followed by Apis dorsata Fabricius (12.24%), Apis cerana
Fabricius (11.61%) and Apis florea Fabricius (9.18%). The highly
diverse regions with respect to number of bee species and their
respective numbers were Sub-mountain Undulating (30 species, 1674
individuals) and Undulating Plain regions (29 species, 1662
individuals). The least diverse region was Western region (20 species,
743 individuals). Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith was rare and restricted
only to extreme Eastern part of the state, adjacent to hilly region,
with relative abundance of 0.72 per cent. Sub-mountain Undulating and
Undulating Plain regions were highly similar to each other as
represented by Bray-Curtis and Jaccard’s indices. These two regions, had
lower cropping intensity than other regions, provided lesser disturbed
area and agro-chemical usage. Thus, these regions fulfil the utmost
requirement of the native bee species i.e. good nesting place with ample
food resources. Nonetheless, further studies are required to intensively
investigate the area and to find possible linkage of various
agricultural landscapes with bee pollinators’ community.
Cosmology constant and quantum mechanics equation based on the rotational gravitational field
Authors: Meng Fanzhi
Published: March 2023

In this work, the gravitational field is investigated in detailed and
the quantum mechanics equation under the gravitational field has been
derived. Then, the Schrodinger and Dirac equations are accordantly
solved under the gravitational field condition by separating variables.
As a result, the Rydberg formula is deduced in such conditions, which
proves that the change of the external gravitational field intensity
will cause the overall spectral movement. Obviously, the partial
redshift of quasar spectrum should assign to this effect. Furthermore,
by applying this gravitational field together with the energy and mass
concepts into the symmetry, gravity theory and gauge theory, it is
deduced that the interaction of “gravity” between matter and
anti-matter is repulsive force, which is the originator of the
accelerated expansion phenomenon for dark energy in the universe. It is
found that the calculated cosmological constant is a small variable
related to the radial and angular direction of the universe, and the
“spontaneous breaking of vacuum symmetry” is caused by this
gravitational field. Further, the gravitational field lead to the
non-conservation of weak action parity. The equal number of baryon and
antibaryon as well as the energy conservation in the universe are
confirmed. In this work, the gravitational field is introduced into
quantum theory, which will promote the integrality of the quantum
mechanics, and explain the dark energy phenomenon constitutionally. This
study will push the astrophysical theory and the gauge theory of
particle physics for the further study of energy level, basic particle
structure, and quantum gravity theory.
Focused mid-crustal magma intrusion during continental break-up in Ethiopia
Authors: Wong Kevin , Ferguson David , Wieser Penny , Morgan Daniel , Edmonds Marie , Tadesse Amdemichael Zafu , Yirgu Gezahegn , Harvey Jason , Hammond Samantha J
Published: March 2023

Significant volumes of magma are intruded into the crust during
continental break-up, which can influence rift evolution by altering
thermo-mechanical structure of the crust and thereby its response to
extensional stresses. Rift magmas additionally feed surface volcanic
activity and can be globally significant sources of tectonic CO2
emissions. Understanding how magmatism may affect rift development
requires knowledge on magma intrusion depths in the crust. Here, using
data from olivine-hosted melt inclusions, we investigate magma dynamics
for basaltic intrusions in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). We find
evidence for a spatially focused zone of magma intrusion at the MER
upper-lower crustal boundary (10-15 km depth), consistent with
geophysical datasets. We propose that ascending melts in the MER are
intruded over this depth range as discrete sills, likely creating a
mechanically weak mid-crustal layer. Our results have important
implications for how magma addition can influence crustal rheology in a
maturing continental rift.