bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
K–12 Administration of Inclusive Schools in Canada: A Literature Review of Expectations and Qualifications of Formal School Leaders
Authors: Lunde Anders
Published: October 2020

The formal educational requirements for principals in Canada vary significantly between educational jurisdictions. Principals are typically unprepared to lead inclusive schools upon graduation from educational leadership programs, despite the importance of formal education and experience in inclusive education in order to lead inclusive schools. Being unprepared includes lacking knowledge about students with exceptionalities and how they can and should be accommodated. Whether administrators value and support inclusion is imperative to schools being inclusive. Support of inclusion can include the use of teachers’ varied and extensive skill set through distributed leadership. The utilization of a leadership style focused on distributed leadership can be addressed through educational leadership programs, but also through professional development programs such as locally developed programs on mentorship. Educational leadership programs need to change in order to develop leaders for inclusive schools. Until such change occurs, principals are in significant need of professional development on inclusive education and how to lead inclusive schools.
A short history of pandemic coverage on the Internet
Authors: Mari Will
Published: October 2020

This short history of previous online pandemic news coverage (of SARS, H1N1, MERS, c. 2003–2012) draws on Pew Research Center data and then-contemporary primary sources, including meta-journalistic analysis, to explore continuities and divergences to the present and our ongoing coranavirus pandemic. Numerous trends, including a cycle of neglect and panic, emerged on the Internet in the 2000s, and have become exacerbated over time. Other, more positive trends, such as more interactive and helpfully mediated/curated access to health experts, have also emerged. This study provides important context for our current moment.
Online harassment of U.S. women journalists and its impact on press freedom
Authors: Carlson Caitlin Ring , Witt Haley
Published: October 2020

This investigation aimed to determine whether and how online harassment affects U.S. women journalists. Of particular interest was whether online harassment creates a chilling effect by limiting the types of stories and topics that are covered, which may influence press freedom. The survey (n=141) indicated that negative online interactions caused most participants to feel dissatisfied with their jobs. A chilling effect on coverage was also evident in responses from participants. Some respondents avoided certain stories for fear of online abuse they would receive. An overwhelming majority of U.S. women journalists (79 percent) agreed that online harassment affected press freedom. In the United States, a free and fair press is an essential component of our democracy. This study found that online harassment prevents women journalists from serving in their capacity as a watchdog on government and other institutions.
Diversity of winter common wheat varieties for resistance to leaf rust created in the V. M. Remeslo myronivka institute of wheat
Authors: Kovalyshyna Hanna , Dmytrenko Yuliia , Tonkha Oksana , Makarchuk Oleksandr , Demydov Oleksandr , Humenyuk Oleksandr , Kozub Natalia , Karelov Anatolii , Sozinov Igor , Mushtruk Mikhailo
Published: October 2020

The results of the investigations of resistance winter common wheat varieties to leaf rust are given. The high resistance to the pathogen manifest varieties that contain resistance genes: Lr9, Lr19, Lr37, Lr42 + Lr24, Lr43 (Lr21 + Lr39) + Lr24, Lr9 + Lr26, Lr10 + Lr24 are ascertained. The genes Lr13, Lr34, Lr37 in combination with other resistance genes provides long-term protection to leaf rust wheat. Winter wheat varieties, created at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, contain resistance genes Lr23, Lr24, Lr26, Lr34. The varieties Vesta, Snizhana, Demetra are protected by the resistance genes Lr26 + Lr34, variety Zolotokolosa– Lr24 + Lr34, Ekonomka – Lr3 + Lr26, Myronivska storichna – Lr3 + Lr23 + Lr10 + Lr26. The allele Lr34 (+) is contained in varieties: Kryzhynka, Vesta, Snizhana, Volodarka, Demetra, Vdiachna, Pamiati Remesla, Sviatkova, Podolianka, Berehynia myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, and Balada myronivska.  Sustainability is an important element of an integrated system of plant protection against many diseases, and to ensure increased yields it is necessary to create and distribute sustainable varieties that will be an environmentally promising way to develop the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine.
Sequential Voicing in Old Japanese
Authors: Li Wenchao
Published: October 2020

This study tackles sequential voicing in Old Japanese with a focus on three matters: (a) the interaction of the eight vowels and aspirated consonants; (b) the association of the written system and sequential voicing; and (c) the interaction between the combinationality of each constituent and sequential voicing. Four hundred and seventy-two compound nouns of Old Japanese were collected from the corpus ‘The Japanese Lexicon: A Rendaku Encyclopedia’ by NINJAL. The findings reveal that (i) /k/ has the largest token number of sequential voicing and /p/ has the second largest token number, followed by /s/ and /t/; (ii) regarding the eight vowels /a/, /e1/, /e2/, /i1/, /i2/, /o1/, /o2/ and /u/, /a/ is most likely to form a [N1-N2] whose initial consonant is /k/, /p/ and /t/. It is not likely for the vowel /a/ to invite a voiced ‘/s/-initial’ N1’; /o1/ and /o2/ are both likely to combine with a voiced consonant /k/; /t/ and are less likely to yield a voiced /s/; /e1/ is more likely to invite a voiced consonant than /e2/, but /e1/ does not invite a voiced /p/; /e2/ does not yield a voiced /s/; and /i1/ is likely to take a voiced consonant than /i2/. /k/ and /t/ are the two consonants that are most likely to be voiced when forming a N-N with N1 ends with /i1/. /i2/ does not invite a voiced /p/, /s/ or /t/; /u/ never results in a voiced /s/; (iii) there is a split in the characters that renders a voiced phoneme or an unvoiced phoneme; and (iv) the semantic relationship of N1 and N2 in [N1-N2] that bears sequential voicing is of six types, of which the most frequent relationship of N1 and N2 is [Modifier - N2]. The [prefix-N2] construction is not subject to sequential voicing.
Introducing Ayn Rand
Authors: Younkins Edward W.
Published: October 2020

Eamonn Butler’s Ayn Rand: An Introduction is a short, well-organized, and easy-to-read guide to Ayn Rand’s key ideas. This primer focuses on the essentials, avoids academic details, and is structured around the major elements of her philosophy of Objectivism. Butler’s book is a fine, brief introduction to Rand’s thought.
Bucking the Artworld Tide
Authors: Sechrest Molly
Published: October 2020

The author reviews Bucking the Artworld Tide: Reflections on Art, Pseudo Art, Art Education & Theory, a collection of essays on the visual arts by Michelle Marder Kamhi. In her view, Kamhi presents a compelling case against the modernist and postmodernist inventions that have come to dominate the artworld since the early twentieth century—from abstract work to “conceptual art.” Citing countless paintings, sculptures, and works of purported art, these essays (informed by the principles of Rand’s aesthetic theory) offer sparkling nuggets of insight into what art is, what it is not, and why.
El Fenómeno de la Agresión en el Liceo. Un estudio descriptivo de la percepción de los jóvenes de nueve liceos urbano-populares de la Región Metropolitana
Authors: Ramos Pavez Carla , Redondo Rojo Jesús Ma.
Published: October 2020

A partir de la década de los ochenta, el tema de la violencia y la agresión, ha comenzado a adquirir importancia asociado al desarrollo de las temáticas juventud y pobreza.Uno de los ejes de análisis para este fenómeno ha estado situado en la Escuela, toda vez que además de un espacio de instrucción formal, se constituye en un agente de construcción y reproducción de la sociedad y su convivencia.La presente investigación intenta aportar a la comprensión del fenómeno agresivo que tiene lugar en el contexto escolar de enseñanza media urbano-popular, a partir de la percepción de los jóvenes de nueve liceos de la Región Metropolitana.Los principales hallazgos establecen que las agresiones comportadas en estos liceos no remitirían a la condición juvenil, sino a un contexto relacional complejo, mediado por las características de la organización y la cultura escolar. De hecho, es posible dar cuenta de un contexto escolar que se dinamiza entorno a expresiones de agresión, y en esa medida, favorece su desarrollo y reproducción.Finalmente, para abordar esta problemática en el contexto educacional, se invita a los actores que inciden en él (tanto a nivel macro-estructural como local), a considerar la urgente necesidad de responder al desarrollo y consolidación de una convivencia escolar y social sana, basada en la construcción de un proceso de integración sociocultural, donde tanto el respeto de los otros y su diversidad; como el ejercicio del poder, representen los núcleos de desarrollo psicosocial de todos los actores involucrados.
La Psicología Social Comunitaria en América Latina como Psicología Social Crítica
Authors: Jiménez-Domínguez Bernardo
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se describe el proceso de desarrollo de la psicología social comunitaria. El inicio coincide con al crítica al modelo médico y las insuficiencias de la psicoterapia y sobretodo de la psiquiatría con respecto a la solución de los problemas psicológicos en el marco del replanteamiento de la relevancia de las ciencias sociales en la explicación de la realidad latinoamericana y el compromiso con la solución de sus problemas.Esto coincide con el periodo de la crisis de la psicología social dominante. La respuesta a dicha crisis es una psicología crítica reinsertada en el campo de las ciencias sociales y de las perspectivas cualitativas, críticas rechazadas por el peso de la psicología social vigente. De estos desarrollos se deriva la relación con la emergencia internacional de una psicología social crítica y la ubicación de la psicología social comunitaria latinoamericana como el principal aporte a dicha perspectiva desde el continente.
Learner-Centredness in Teachers’ Beliefs: A Qualitative Multiple-Case Study of Chinese Secondary Teachers of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Lou Mingkun , Restall Greg
Published: October 2020

China’s National English Curriculum Standard, launched in 2001, clearly reflects a philosophy and characteristics of learner-centeredness. However, limited evidence is available as to how far the learner-centred philosophy has, through interacting with the local contexts, influenced teachers’ beliefs, which will translate into a core philosophy and culture affecting teacher behaviours and practices at the school and classroom levels. Drawing on semi-structured interview data of a larger project, this study reports on three secondary school teachers’ overall educational beliefs regarding English teaching, the alignment of their beliefs with learner-centredness and factors influencing their beliefs. The analysis uncovers a wide range of English-teaching related beliefs that positions the three teachers variously on a learner-centred continuum. It also unveils the possible factors that influence teacher beliefs and mediate teachers’ application of beliefs. Factors influencing teachers’ beliefs range from schooling to significant others. Teachers’ reflectiveness is identified as an important influence of teachers’ beliefs and uptake of the curriculum reform. Teachers’ perceptions and responses to a range of contextual factors mediate the application of their beliefs. This study sheds light on the current status of curriculum reform and the uptake of the learner-centred philosophy by teachers.
Foreign Language Virtual Class Room: Anxiety Creator or Healer?
Authors: Kaisar Mohammad Tanvir , Chowdhury Sabrina Yasmin
Published: October 2020

Virtual classroom using technology is a novel dimension in distance learning and teaching pedagogy during the pandemic situation across the globe. Researchers regard e-learning as an opportunity for future teaching and learning approach. Therefore, recent pieces of literature on Foreign Language Anxiety, Technological anxiety and E-learning using virtual classroom inspires the current researchers to foster a real picture of Bangladeshi educational institutions. The study aims at investigating whether the virtual classroom situation creates anything new in Foreign Language Anxiety or heals the learners from anxiety experienced in the physical classroom. A self-made Foreign Language Virtual Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLVCAS) was conducted through 104 students’ participation from three public and three private universities of Bangladesh. Through the tertiary level learners’ physical language classroom and virtual language classroom participation, the quantitative data has been collected. In-depth interview and focus group discussion have also been conducted to collect qualitative data. The study also shows findings and important recommendations for the concerned so that virtual language classroom environment and anxiety-free ‘Foreign Language Virtual Classroom’ can be implemented.
A Case Study on the Conceptualization and Teaching Practice of L2 Argumentative Writing Instruction
Authors: Chen Zhiying
Published: October 2020

Argumentative writing is one of the main writing types in Second Language Writing (SLW) instruction, as it links with the assessment of language capacity in tests. It is a common course for students of tertiary education, but few instructors have a clear comprehension of it. With the goal of giving circumspect teaching implications, this study serves as an illustration for argumentative writing lecturers in higher education. In this study, semi-structured interview, classroom observation and collected written drafts are used as research tools to discover the conceptualization and teaching practice of two lecturers who are instructing English-major sophomores. The findings show that different teaching beliefs (human-oriented and task-oriented) lead to different teaching process in argumentative writing class. Besides, the assessment criteria and students’ response are revealed to understand the effects of those instructions accordingly.
ESL Learners’ Sense of Alienation: An Exploratory Mixed Method Research on the Role of ESL Teachers’ Remarking Practices
Authors: Khan Misbah A. , Khan Misbah R. , Chughtai Iftikhar A.
Published: October 2020

The study attempts to highlight a major cause of learners’ detachment and low performance in ESL classrooms at graduation levels in Bahawalpur City, Punjab, Pakistan. In this connection, this study tries to focus on the role of teachers’ feedback remarks as a major cause of either instilling or accelerating sense of alienation among ESL learners. This study underpinned exploratory sequential mixed method research design to prove its hypotheses. The qualitative data shows that ESL learners receive evaluative remarks from their teachers in the form of 'face-threatening acts' more than ‘face-saving acts’ during classroom activities. Resultantly, they experience a sense of alienation from the language-related tasks and try to avoid the classroom situation feeling it a threat. The quantitative analysis shows the average range of sense of alienation experienced by learners which are highest in oral activities, lower in written tasks and lowest in comprehension-based activities. ESL teachers' evaluative feedback either instils or accelerates the sense of alienation among learners during various classroom activities. The type of alienation experienced more was an accelerated sense of alienation. This is why the majority of learners avoid getting engaged in the activities in which they find chances of losing self-image. Keeping the results in view, training sessions on ‘Face Wants, Politeness theory, and Speech Acts’ are recommended for ESL teachers to enhance their follow-up remarking practices. Moreover, there is a need to develop an anxiety-free classroom atmosphere to strengthen learners' autonomy and linguistic self-concept.
Factors Contributing Low English Language Literacy in Rural Primary Schools of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Akram Huma , Yang Yingxiu , Ahmad Naseer , Aslam Sarfraz
Published: October 2020

Education prepares individuals to contribute constructively in this globalised world. Apart from this, several factors make English learning essential as a part of the educational practice and receive particular importance. Unfortunately, Pakistan is still lagging in achieving English literacy, especially in rural areas. The present study aims to explore the challenges and to suggest solutions to improve English learning and teaching in rural primary schools of Karachi, Pakistan. By employing qualitative design, eighteen teachers (12 females and 6 males) were selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. All the interviews were analysed through thematic analysis technique and the views of teachers were confirmed by observing their classes for two days. The findings reveal that teachers and students encounter several obstacles that hinder them in acquiring effective English learning. These Include the weak background of English, lengthy course outline, limited resources, crowded and multilingual classes, shortage of English teachers, Lack of parents’ interest and inadequate teachers’ training. Accordingly, the study mainly suggests that language teachers should be equipped with necessary teaching resources along with continuous specialised training to meet the challenges.
The Reflections of the English Language Teaching Department Students on Internship Programs: A Case of Erbil
Authors: Bala Ali , Bala Emine
Published: October 2020

Practice teaching for pre-service teachers is a crucial affair before starting their carrier. It is considered one of the fundamental elements of whole teaching programs of education faculties since the teacher candidates find the opportunities to observe and practice their theoretical knowledge through practice teaching programs in schools. Within this context, the present research sought to reveal the reflections of the education faculty’s seniors on practice teaching course utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods. A private university’s English Language Teaching department’s seniors in Erbil were selected by convenience sampling as research sample, and 31 students participated in the questionnaire. A semi-structured survey used for this study including the parts of demographics, knowledge, skills and dispositions, field experiences and practice teaching, quality of instruction and two open-ended questions. The results indicated that most of the students expressed their positive reflections on their internship program. They believe the internship programs enable them to enhance their teaching skills and prepare them for real classroom atmosphere before graduation.
2020/27 Freedom of religion: a tale of two cities
Authors: Dorssemont Filip
Published: October 2020

2020/27 Freedom of religion: a tale of two cities

Are the outcomes of the CJEU judgments on religious discrimination essentially different from the outcome of similar cases dealing with restrictions on the freedom of religion ruled by the ECtHR?
2020/28 The posting of workers: An EU and Slovak Republic perspective
Authors: Korosiová Benita , Havrilla Gabriel
Published: October 2020

2020/28 The posting of workers: An EU and Slovak Republic perspective

This article discusses some of the problems with the Slovak implementation of the Posting of Workers Directive.
2020/30 Self-employment matters – the EU’s response to the lack of social protection for independent workers
Authors: Ratti Luca
Published: October 2020

2020/30 Self-employment matters – the EU’s response to the lack of social protection for independent workers

The recent spread of the Covid-19 pandemic has shown how economic vulnerability varies considerably across European Member States (MSs), and so does social protection in the European Union (EU). The social and economic consequences of the pandemic have impacted asymmetrically national labour markets and exacerbated existing disparities and contradictions. A measure that most governments have introduced in the immediate aftermath has been that of making financial support available to those self-employed workers who lost fully or in part their income. Most MSs have employed quantitative thresholds to identify those self-employed more in need of public subsidies and have proportioned them according to the pre-pandemic levels of income, on the condition that they have been officially recorded as taxable revenues.

Despite their heterogeneity, we can reasonably affirm that the self-employed have been one of the most exposed clusters of the labour market to in-work poverty and economic uncertainty, which proved to be particularly problematic in periods of unforeseeable crisis, such as that of 2008 and even more so that of 2020. This article explores the range of EU-level measures designed for the self-employed and questions their potential impact on MSs’ legislation.
2020/33 The concept of ‘maternity’ does not include, and therefore does not protect, mothers regarding discrimination related to ‘childcare’ (BE)
Authors: Busschaert Gautier
Published: October 2020

2020/33 The concept of ‘maternity’ does not include, and therefore does not protect, mothers regarding discrimination related to ‘childcare’ (BE)

The Brussels Labour Court of Appeal, in a judgment of 10 September 2019, has ruled that the notion of ‘maternity’ contained in the Belgian Gender Act does not go as far as protecting mothers against discrimination with regards to childcare, since this would confirm a patriarchal role pattern. However, a recent legislative change introducing ‘paternity’ as a protected ground might cast doubt on the relevance of this ruling for the future.
2020/34 Challenge to validity of Workplace Relations Act 2015 unsuccessful (IR)
Authors: O’Leary Orla
Published: October 2020

2020/34 Challenge to validity of Workplace Relations Act 2015 unsuccessful (IR)

A recent challenge to the constitutionality of the Irish Workplace Relations Commission (WRC) has failed. The applicant in the case at hand argued that the WRC was unconstitutional for two reasons: (a) that the WRC carries out the administration of justice in breach of the general constitutional rule that only the courts may administer justice; and (b) several of the statutory procedures of the WRC were so deficient that they failed to vindicate the applicant’s personal constitutional rights. The High Court of Ireland dismissed both arguments.
Biological function of cobalamin: causes and effects of
hypocobalaminemia at the molecular, cellular, tissue
and organism level
Authors: Rzepka Zuzanna , Maszczyk Mateusz , Wrześniok Dorota
Published: October 2020

Cobalamin (vitamin B12) is a complex compound, which is classified as a water-soluble
vitamin. Absorption of cobalamin in the gut and its transport to cells is a unique process,
in which many proteins are involved. The loss of function of these proteins causes serious
cell homeostasis disturbance, which may result in the dysfunction of many tissues and
organs. Vitamin B12, a cofactor of methionine synthase, provides methylation process and
nucleic acid synthesis. Cobalamin is also necessary for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity.
The enzyme synthesizes succinyl-CoA, an intermediate in tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Vitamin B12 deficiency is an important and current health problem. It may be caused by
insufficient dietary intake, age, or disease-related malabsorption and genetic defects of
mechanisms involved in the absorption, transport and metabolism of cobalamin. Hypocobalaminemia can also result from long-term pharmacotherapy with medicines:
metformin, proton pump inhibitors (e.g. omeprazole) and H2-receptor antagonists
(e.g. ranitidine).
Significant clinical symptoms of cobalamin deficiency include hematological abnormalities,
mainly megaloblastic anemia, as well as neurological disorders resulting from degeneration
within the nervous system. Early diagnosis and starting treatment with vitamin B12 increase
chances for a complete cure. Therefore, the diagnostically important symptom of hypocobalaminemia
may be skin manifestations, mainly hyperpigmentations, but also premature
graying of hair.
The aim of this review article was to summarize the current state of knowledge on the
biological function of cobalamin, as well as the causes and consequences of its deficiency
at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism level.
Le vécu des infirmières sur la sédation palliative pratiquée selon les recommandations suisses de 2005 : une étude exploratoire
Authors: Tomczyk Martyna , Schumacher Bernard N.
Published: October 2020

De nombreuses études internationales ont démontré que le processus de la sédation palliative dans un contexte de fin de vie peut être mal vécu par les infirmières, voire provoquer une détresse émotionnelle. Toutefois, le vécu des infirmières exerçant en soins palliatifs en Suisse n’a jamais été exploré, à notre connaissance. L’objectif de notre étude était donc de connaître et de décrire le vécu des infirmières relatif au processus de la sédation palliative basé sur les recommandations suisses de 2005. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, une étude qualitative exploratoire monocentrique avec entretiens individuels compréhensifs a été privilégiée. Au total, dix infirmières ont été sollicitées et neuf ont effectivement participé. Après retranscription, huit entretiens ont été finalement inclus dans l’analyse. Cette dernière a montré que les infirmières vivaient le processus de la sédation palliative d’une manière méfiante, défiante ou encore confiante, ce qui était lié à la durée d’exercice en soins palliatifs. Ces résultats suggèrent que les recommandations suisses de 2005 ne protègent pas les infirmières contre l’incertitude liée au processus de la sédation palliative. Il s’avère donc nécessaire qu’une étude multicentrique nationale soit développée pour consolider ces résultats.
Meaning and Matter in Psychiatry: A Historical View and New Approach
Authors: Slagstad Ketil
Published: October 2020

In this article, I argue that a person-centered approach in psychiatry needs to pay attention to how mental illnesses are historically constituted and products of biological, social, psychological and cultural factors. Even if the ambition of the biopsychosocial model and the medical network model was to break with reductionist understandings of (mental) illness, I argue that these models risk stabilising, rather than deconstructing dichotomies between nature versus culture, brain versus mind, somatic versus mental or hard facts versus soft sciences. I rather propose to re-orient psychiatry as a form of “relational medicine” in which causes and reasons are treated as inseparable and where matter and meaning are entangled. A person-centered approach in psychiatry must start with the person including the embodied production of meaning in Society.
Kinderrechte und Bildsamkeit
Authors: Ammann Kira
Published: October 2020

Obwohl es die seit 1989 durch die UN-Kinderrechtskonvention normierte politisch-rechtliche Situation erwarten lassen würde, wurden Rechte von Kindern und Jugendlichen in der Erziehung bislang noch nicht als Problem gesehen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung greift die Frage auf, wie der rechtliche Status der Heranwachsenden in der Erziehung gefasst werden kann und wirft damit ein neues Licht auf Debatten, die um Demokratiepädagogik und die Umsetzung von Kinderrechten in der pädagogischen Praxis geführt werden.

Mit disziplinübergreifenden Ausführungen legt die Autorin dar, was alles zu bedenken ist, wenn über Kind(er), Kindheit(en) und Kinderrechte gesprochen wird und was zukünftig in den interdisziplinären und öffentlichen Diskussionen berücksichtigt werden sollte. Anhand einer historischen Rekonstruktion der gesamten Konventionsgeschichte zeigt sie auf, wie es überhaupt dazu kam, dass heute von Kinderrechten gesprochen wird und inwiefern die Bildsamkeit des Menschen eine neue Perspektive auf das Verhältnis von Erziehung und Recht einzunehmen erlaubt.
beziehungsweise transatlantisch
Authors: Martinsen Franziska
Published: October 2020

Die gegenwärtige »America First«-Politik der US-Administration bietet Anlass zu einer kritischen Bestandsaufnahme der transatlantischen Beziehungen zwischen den USA und Europa. Aus philosophischer, literarischer, politikwissenschaftlicher und diplomatischer Perspektive betrachten die 22. HANNAH ARENDT TAGE HANNOVER das wechselseitige Verhältnis. Fragen der internationalen Sicherheitspolitik werden ebenso diskutiert wie die Herausforderung einer Neugestaltung der europäisch-amerikanischen Beziehungen, die bei der »ökologischen Frage« ihren Ausgang nehmen könnte.
Mit Blick auf die Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts rückt Hannah Arendts heute etwas romantisch anmutende Sichtweise auf die USA, die geprägt war durch ihre eigene Biographie als Verfolgte des NS-Regimes und Exilantin, in den Fokus. Ihr Weg der Emigration in die Vereinigten Staaten wurde fotografisch begleitet von dem Weggenossen Fred Stein. Dessen Werk erfährt hier eine Würdigung aus kunsttheoretischer Perspektive, um es vor dem Vergessen zu bewahren.
Mit Beiträgen u.a. von Felicitas Hoppe, Claus Leggewie, James D. Bindenagel, Steffania Maffeis, Theresia Ziehe, Miriam Zlobinsky und Rolf Wernstedt.
Crisis Management in Nigeria’s Public Sector and the Impact of the Organised Labour Union: Interrogating the Nexus between Industrial Harmony and Political Stability
Authors: Taye Medoye Daniel
Published: October 2020

This study sought to explore the dynamics in managing crisis in the Nigerian public sector and its engagement with the organised labour, with a view to determining the interface between industrial harmony and political stability in the country. This study is predicated on the fact that crisis management is essentially embedded in humanity. Additionally, the study was informed by the established and widely held view by scholars, that social groups by their nature and context, are in fact characterised by conflicts. Consequently, the study established that the public sector in every society is not immune against conflict or crisis, and this will naturally arise as long as there is interaction between and among human elements in the two sectors. The author used the terms—crisis and conflict—interchangeably in the study, and pointed out that the methodology adopted was a descriptive and analytical approach. This is informed by the sources of information accessed which are essentially secondary. The study concluded by asserting that given the humanity-linked nature of conflict, its management in the public sector, particularly in Nigeria, will continue to be an unavoidable responsibility of the government. This is to ensure that the right environment is created to guarantee smooth governance.
Current Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Bendari Mounia , Khoubila Nisrine , Cherkaoui Siham , Hda Nezha , Qachouh Meryem , Lamchahab Mouna , Quessar Asmaa
Published: October 2020

Cytogenetic abnormalities are frequently reported in the literature describing the presence of chromosomal rearrangements in important cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); the rate can reach 50–60% of cases of AML. Cytogenetic abnormalities represent an important prognosis factor, their analysis is crucial for AML; cytogenetic study permits to classify prognostic groups and indicate the treatment strategy and helps to improve the outcome of these patients and to increase their chances of cure. Hundreds of uncommon chromosomal aberrations from AML exist. This chapter summarizes chromosomal abnormalities that are common and classifies AML according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classifications from 2008 to 2016; we will discuss briefly gene mutations detected in normal karyotype (NK) AML by cutting-edge next-generation sequencing technology, like FLT3-ITD, nucleophosmin (NPM1), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA), and other additional mutations.
Imaging and Diagnosis for Planning the Surgical Procedure
Authors: Bauer Ferdinand
Published: October 2020

The preoperative imaging diagnosis of rectal cancer lies at the heart of oncological staging and has a crucial influence on patient management and therapy planning. Rectal cancer is common, and accurate preoperative staging of tumors using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial part of modern multidisciplinary team management (MDT). Indeed, rectal MRI has the ability to accurately evaluate a number of important findings that maBay impact patient management, including distance of the tumor to the mesorectal fascia, presence of lymph nodes, presence of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI), and involvement of the anterior peritoneal reflection/peritoneum and the sphincter complex. Many of these findings are difficult to assess in non-expert hands. In this chapter, we present currently used staging modalities with focus on MRI, including optimization of imaging techniques, tumor staging, interpretation help as well as essentials for reporting.
CFD Simulations in Mechanically Stirred Tank and Flow Field Analysis: Application to the Wastewater (Sugarcane Vinasse) Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Caillet Hélène , Bastide Alain , Adelard Laetitia
Published: October 2020

Anaerobic digestion is a widely used process for waste treatment and energy production. This natural process takes place in a controlled environment, anaerobic digesters. Mixing is one of the main operating parameters. The understanding of the flows during the agitation of the medium is crucial for the optimization of the process yield. In fact, the mass and heat transfers are enhanced by the agitation. However, the complex biochemical reactions can be inhibited with overly vigorous agitation. A detailed and in-depth understanding of the phenomena occurring during agitation requires modeling studies. In this chapter, we propose a general approach, based on computational fluid mechanics (CFD), to analyze the mechanical mixing of an anaerobic reactor. We apply this work to the anaerobic digestion of the sugarcane vinasse, which is a liquid waste generated during the production of alcohol. The single-phase Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations of mechanical agitation of Newtonian fluids for different rotational speeds are presented. The equations system is closed with the standard k-epsilon turbulence model. The flow field is analyzed with the velocity profiles, the Q and Lambda2 fields, the pressure and the vorticity.
Nucleic Acids for Electrochemical Biosensor Technology
Authors: Onur Uygun Zihni , Deniz Ertuğrul Uygun Hilmiye , Girgin Sağin Ferhan
Published: October 2020

Biosensor technology has developed extremely rapidly in recent years. This technology brings along precise measurements as well as specific measurements. Thanks to its ability to be miniaturized and be easily accessible to the end user, it is one-step ahead of other similar methods. The selectivity of biological molecules and the sensitivity of electrochemical methods enable the continuous evolvement of these new technologies. In this chapter, the use of nucleic acids as both recognition agents and target molecules, the way they are used in biosensor technology and their electrical properties are explained in detail with examples. Aptamers, which are synthetic nucleic acids, and their use in electrochemical biosensor systems with different electrochemical and immobilization methods have been compared extensively.
Regulation of Angiogenesis Using Nanomaterial Based Formulations: An Emerging Therapeutic Strategy to Manage Multiple Pathological Conditions
Authors: Poyyakkara Aswini , Thekkeveedu Sruthi , S. Shankar Sharath , Sameer Kumar V.B.
Published: October 2020

Angiogenesis is an indispensable biological process, any aberrancy associated with which can lead to pathological manifestations. To manage different pathological conditions associated with abnormal angiogenesis, Nanomaterial based formulations have been tested in in vitro and in vivo models by different groups. The research advancements pertaining to the applications of major candidate nanomaterials for the treatment of pathologies like tumor, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration, chronic wounds, impaired osteogenesis and nerve tissue degeneration, have been briefed in this chapter.
Finansministeriet før og nu
Authors: Eldrup Anders
Published: October 2020

Et svagt Finansministerie i 1960’erne og 1970’erne, der var en medvirkende årsag til den katastrofale økonomiske udvikling i disse årtier, udviklede sig til at være den centrale kraft i regeringens udvikling af ny politik. Forfatteren har været ansat i Finansministeriet fra 1972 til 2001 og skildrer således udviklingen set indefra; fra en rolle som ministersekretær i Heinesens ministertid ”med kurs mod afgrunden” til stillingen som departementschef 1991-2001 for et effektivt ministerium, der styrede en efterhånden bomstærk dansk økonomi.
Udsatte boligområder i Danmark 1985-2015
Authors: Jakobsen Vibeke
Published: October 2020

Forskningslitteraturen giver ikke en entydig definition på, hvornår et boligområde er udsat. I denne artikel beskriver vi først, hvordan udsatte boligområder afgrænses i den internationale og nationale forskningslitteratur. Med udgangspunkt heri vælger vi en definition af udsatte boligområder og undersøger, hvordan udviklingen i de udsatte boligområder har været over en 30-årig periode. Analyserne tager udgangspunkt i en inddeling i boligområder, der omfatter alle boliger i Danmark uanset ejerforhold.
Is it better to seek or to receive? A dual-factor model of social support
Authors: Hamby Sherry , Taylor Elizabeth , Mitchell Kimberly , Jones Lisa , Newlin Chris
Published: October 2020

Objectives: This study adopts a dual-factor approach to examine the association of seeking and receiving social support with 6 indicators of current functioning and 14 psychosocial strengths. Methods: A survey completed by 440 youth ages 10 to 21 (M = 16.38, SD = 3.04) assessed strengths, functioning, and victimization. Youth were classified into four groups: Interconnected (high on social support seeking and receiving; 33% of sample), Rebuffed (high on social support seeking, low on social support receiving; 12%), Tended (low on social support seeking, high on social support receiving; 16%), and Isolated (low on social support seeking and receiving; 39%). Results: Controlling for age, gender, and victimization, the social support group was associated with each meaning making, regulatory, and interpersonal strength, and every indicator of current functioning except trauma symptoms. The Isolated group scored lowest on all measures and the Interconnected group scored highest on 19 of 20 measures. The mixed profile groups fell between these extremes. Notably, the Rebuffed group reported higher levels of some strengths and non-theistic spiritual well-being than the Tended group. The Tended group was never significantly higher than the Rebuffed group. Implications: Individual skills and attitudes regarding helpseeking may be more impactful than social support provided by others. Rebuffed youth may be steeling themselves in other strengths when the social environment is not supportive.
Mental health Profiles of Sexually Abused Youth: Comorbidity, Resilience and Complex Trauma
Authors: Alie-Poirier Alexane , Hébert Martine , McDuff Pierre , Daigneault Isabelle
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The current study’s objectives were to 1) determine if sexually abused youth in child protective agencies (CPA) were given more psychiatric diagnoses and exhibited more comorbidity than youth from the general population, 2) examine the comorbidity profiles of sexually abused youth over 10 years of medical consultations and hospitalizations. Method: Diagnoses of 882 youth with a substantiated sexual abuse report between 2001 and 2010 at a participating CPA were compared to those of 882 matched controls (n = 1764). Results: Results of generalized linear mixed models showed that sexually abused youth presented higher rates of all diagnostic categories and were up to four times more likely to present comorbid diagnoses. Latent class analyses among abused youth revealed four different comorbidity profiles; two more severe groups named complex trauma (11%) and dissociation (14%); and two less severe groups named depression (10%) and low or no comorbidity/resilience (65%). Youth with more cumulative maltreatment and greater number of years of data following CSA report were more at risk of presenting a comorbidity profile, while females were more likely to present a depression profile. Profiles of youth in the highest comorbidity class were similar to what is defined as complex trauma or complex post-traumatic stress disorder. Implications: Sexually abused youth's varied profiles warrant varied interventions. Integrated trauma informed interventions are needed to address the cumulative maltreatment experienced and the psychiatric comorbidity some youth exhibit.
Trauma-Informed Care in Child Welfare: An Imperative for Residential Childcare Workers
Authors: Brend Denise Michelle , Sprang Ginny
Published: October 2020

Context: Rates of traumatization among residential child welfare professionals are alarmingly high. The well-being of these professionals is associated both with their intention to stay in their jobs and outcomes of children in their care. Several risk factors threaten the well-being of child welfare professionals, including primary and secondary exposure to experiences with the potential to provoke posttraumatic stress reactions. Objectives: This manuscript details experiences empirically shown to have potential negative impacts on professional well-being, discusses why these impacts are of particular concern for residential childcare workers, and describes the types of organizational cultures and climates that appear to mitigate these negative impacts. Implications: Trauma-informed care at the organizational level is proposed both as a means to reduce harm to child-welfare professionals and promote the rehabilitation of children within the child welfare system.
Implementing trauma-informed care through social innovation in residential care facilities serving elementary school children
Authors: Brend Denise , Fréchette Nicolas , Milord-Nadon Arnaud , Harbinson Tim , Colin-Vezina Delphine
Published: October 2020

Objectives: This article presents the theoretical basis, initial deployment strategies, and resulting preliminary findings of a program implemented in residential treatment centres (RCs) in child welfare. “Program Penguin” aimed to help workers develop trauma-informed attitudes and implement trauma-informed practices, make the workplace more responsive to the well-being of RC workers, and reduce the use of restraints and seclusion among school-aged children in RCs. Methods: Informed by the theories of complex trauma (National Child Traumatic Stress Network Complex Trauma Task Force, 2003), polyvicitimization (Finkelhor et al., 2007), Attachment, Self-Regulation and Competency (ARC; Blaustein & Kinniburgh, 2018) and Positive Behavioural Interventions and Supports (PBIS; Sugai & Horner, 2002), Program Penguin was developed and deployed using the social innovation approach (Fixsen et al. 2005). The key stages of social innovation will here be used to describe the implementation process. Results: Changes in practices were observed, RC worker attitudes towards trauma-informed care were assessed and showed strong effects between multiple covariables. RC worker support needs were identified, and a reduction in the use of restraints and seclusions was shown. Key strategies towards the development and maintenance of buy-in and meaningful change in practices are also described. Implications: Changes observed at all levels of this implementation suggest Programme Penguin is a promising approach, despite local issues that arose and the challenges inherent to program deployment within child protection settings. It appears a trauma-informed program using positive behavioural approaches and leveraging existing organizational strengths may impact intervention strategies, worker attitudes, and the use of restraints and seclusions against children in RCs.
Production of Horse-Drawn Carriages in Latvia in the 20th Century
Authors: Zvirgzdiņš Indulis
Published: October 2020

In the first half of the last century, wood craftsmen and blacksmiths collaborated in the manufacture of carriages, but in most cases, they worked individually. There were also larger companies operating mainly in cities. The author’s main focus is on the Madona area. The carriage and sled workshop of Augusts Mazurs (1885–1975), which was the most significant in the area, is used as an example. It was established in 1924 and continued its work during the Soviet era. Horse-drawn carriages were the main mode of local transport in the Republic of Latvia and its territory also in the decade after World War II. Later, the role of road transport gradually increased. Carriages and sleds were made on site, most cars were imported.
Algorithm for preprocessing and unification of time series based on machine learning for data structuring
Authors: Kopyrin Andrey Sergeevich , Makarova Irina Leonidovna
Published: October 2020

The subject of the research is the process of collecting and preliminary preparation of data from heterogeneous sources. Economic information is heterogeneous and semi-structured or unstructured in nature. Due to the heterogeneity of the primary documents, as well as the human factor, the initial statistical data may contain a large amount of noise, as well as records, the automatic processing of which may be very difficult. This makes preprocessing dynamic input data an important precondition for discovering meaningful patterns and domain knowledge, and making the research topic relevant.Data preprocessing is a series of unique tasks that have led to the emergence of various algorithms and heuristic methods for solving preprocessing tasks such as merge and cleanup, identification of variablesIn this work, a preprocessing algorithm is formulated that allows you to bring together into a single database and structure information on time series from different sources. The key modification of the preprocessing method proposed by the authors is the technology of automated data integration.The technology proposed by the authors involves the combined use of methods for constructing a fuzzy time series and machine lexical comparison on the thesaurus network, as well as the use of a universal database built using the MIVAR concept.The preprocessing algorithm forms a single data model with the ability to transform the periodicity and semantics of the data set and integrate data that can come from various sources into a single information bank.