bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Horizon scanning methods for identification of new and repurposed medicines for stakeholders in UK
Authors: Khan Sarah , Fairbairn Ross , Potter Rhiannon , Hussain Amy , Inskip Alex , Norman Gill
Published: September 2024

Horizon scanning (HS) is a method for identification of emerging change through systematic analysis of trusted sources using a defined scope and prespecified methods. In health research it can provide early awareness of potential developments ahead of market access. Within the medicines space, HS is supported by international requirements for clinical trial registration, conduct and reporting, and by transparent regulatory processes. Potential changes can be identified at different stages of development, emerging, transitional, and imminent to launch.We report the methodological approach of a mature national medicines HS programme within the transitional horizon. The United Kingdom single payer healthcare system supports access to medicines approved by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); the assessment process for this requires an early awareness programme ahead of regulatory approval, provided by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Innovation Observatory. This uses: a clearly specified remit tailored to stakeholder requirements, multiple data sources, manual and semi-automated sifting. Data sources include: clinical trials registries, confidential industry database access alongside intensive industry engagement, news media sources. These are sifted and triangulated to populate an internal database. Automated prioritisation coupled with manual monitoring of records allows tracking of technologies through pipeline and triggers notification to NICE at 24 months ahead of anticipated market authorisation. Throughout the process, NICE have real-time intelligence through a live dashboard linked to records in an internal database.This horizon scanning programme is a potential model for other agencies wishing to establish such an early awareness programme internationally.
A survey on combinatorial optimization
Authors: Le Phuong
Published: September 2024

This survey revisits classical combinatorial optimization algorithms and extends them to two-stage stochastic models, particularly focusing on client-element problems. We reformulate these problems to optimize element selection under uncertainty and present two key sampling algorithms: SSA andBoost-and-Sample, highlighting their performance guarantees. Additionally, we explore correlation-robust optimization, introducing the concept of the correlation gap, which enables approximations using independent distributions with minimal accuracy loss. This survey analyzes and presents foundational combinatorial optimization methods for researchers at the intersection of this field and reinforcement learning.
Epidemiología, Manifestaciones Clínicas, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento y Prevención de MPOX: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Ortiz-Vilchis Cristian Miguel , Reyes Ithiel Sarai Castillo
Published: September 2024

La viruela del mono (MPOX) ha emergido como un problema de salud pública significativo en losúltimos años, destacando la necesidad de una comprensión exhaustiva de su epidemiología,manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención. Este artículo ofrece una revisiónsistemática de los datos más recientes sobre MPOX, con un enfoque en las publicacionescientíficas y repositorios actualizados. La revisión revela que la incidencia de MPOX haaumentado notablemente en diversas regiones, particularmente en áreas endémicas de ÁfricaCentral y Occidental, y se ha observado una expansión hacia otros continentes. Lasmanifestaciones clínicas varían desde síntomas similares a los de la viruela hasta lesionescutáneas específicas, y la identificación temprana es crucial para la gestión efectiva de laenfermedad. El diagnóstico de MPOX se basa en métodos clínicos y de laboratorio, incluyendopruebas PCR y serológicas. Los avances recientes han mejorado la precisión del diagnóstico, peropersisten desafíos en términos de disponibilidad y acceso a pruebas en regiones con recursoslimitados. El tratamiento de MPOX se centra en el manejo de los síntomas y el uso de antiviralesen casos graves, mientras que la prevención incluye la vacunación y la educación en saludpública. Esta revisión sintetiza la información actual sobre MPOX, proporciona recomendacionespara la práctica clínica y destaca la necesidad de vigilancia continua y investigación paraenfrentar los desafíos asociados con esta enfermedad emergente
Genres are out and attributes are in: Introducing anadvanced test of musical preferences
Authors: Grüning David Joachim , Fricke Kai , Rentfrow Jason , Greenberg David Mace
Published: September 2024

With the emergence of streaming services, the music industry and music listening public has moved away from the concept of genres and has embraced the use of attributes. Why then are researchers still reliant on genre-based measures to study musical preferences (e.g., Short Test of Musical Preferences: STOMP)? One reason is the lack of tools to measure attributes. To address this gap, we build on prior research on the Arousal-Valence-Depth (AVD) model of perception and preferences and leverage a large sample (N = 11,633) to introduce the “Test of Attribute Preferences” (TAP). The 18-item TAP captures the three AVD domains and nine facets that include preferences for A1: Energetic, A2: Calming, A3: Aggressive: V1: Happy, V2: Sad, V3: Danceable, D1: Emotional depth, D2: Cerebral, and D3: Mystical attributes. In addition, we developed an extended27-item measure (TAP-x) that captures each facet with three items and each domain with nine items. We demonstrate the reliability, factor structure convergence, and validity of the domains and facets using prior genre favorability and audio-based measures, and show the external correlates with personality characteristics and demographics. In summary, the TAP is a robust, genre-free, and easy-to-use tool for measuring nuanced musical preferences that can advance the field beyond its reliance on genres.
Cognitive neuroscience with fNIRS has many methodological choices, a scoping review of the use of the Stroop task and fNIRS
Authors: Skau Simon , Cutini Simone , Glavå Gustaf , Kuhn Hans-Georg , Sharma Jatin
Published: September 2024

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been proposed as a valuable imaging technique for the study of cognitive neuroscience, and the Stroop Test is arguably the most popular paradigm used with fNIRS. To gain insight into the current state of fNIRS utilization, we conducted a scoping review of 133 studies that employed fNIRS in conjunction with the Stroop test. The objective was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the methodological landscape of cognitive neuroscience within the fNIRS literature in the last 20 years. Results were surprising. The sample size has not increased sufficiently over the years, particularly for those studies comparing two or more samples. Most studies employed a block design, lacked sufficient control conditions to analyze the Stroop effect, and reported only a grand average of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) and not deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb). Interestingly, the analysis of the deoxy-Hb signal was considerably more prevalent in studies employing an event-related design. Additionally, there was a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the types of Stroop tests employed and the types of control conditions utilized, which renders comparisons between studies challenging. Although Stroop Test could be hypothetically a reasonable choice for using fNIRS in cognitive neuroscience, few studies employ a test design, study design, or theoretical framework that is sufficient to draw specific conclusions in terms of the cognitive processes involved and the underlying neural circuitry. This is because the majority of studies employ fNIRS and the Stroop test to investigate phenomena other than cognition, such as differences between two populations or changes resulting from an intervention.
28 days later: A prospective daily study on psychological well-being across the menstrual cycle and the effects of hormones and oral contraceptives
Authors: Gerritsen Lotte , Doornweerd Anne Marieke
Published: September 2024

BackgroundWe aimed to study how hormonal status (oral contraceptive users vs naturally cycling) affects different dimensions and variability of psychological well-being, and how they relate to sex hormone levels (estradiol, progesterone and testosterone). Methods22 participants with a natural cycle (NC) and 18 OC users reported daily affective and physical symptoms and collected daily salivary samples across 28 days. They were compared using average psychological well-being levels, day-to-day variability, and network models. In NC participants the time-varying associations between hormones and psychological well-being aspects were assessed using both person-centered level and change scores. ResultsLowered variability was found for OC users agitation, risk-taking, attractiveness, and energy levels. This was paralleled by lower overall ratings of happiness, attractiveness, risk-taking, and energy levels, but OC users also reported more relaxation, sexual desire, and better sleep quality compared to the NC group. The impact of sex hormones on psychological well-being varied significantly across menstrual cycle phases, with the largest effects for progesterone levels.ConclusionsOur results confirm that hormonal status is associated with a range of psychological well-being domains beyond mood and sexual desire, among which energy levels, feelings of attractiveness, risk taking, and agitation. Our results of lower variability in OC users compared to NC participants fit with ‘emotional blunting’ as a possible mechanism behind OC’s side effects. The differential influence of the menstrual cycle and sex hormones on markers of psychological well-being emphasizes the need to adequately account for the menstrual cycle when studying hormone-related mental health.
Loneliness, individual narcissism and fake news. The challenge of communication with vulnerable audiences.
Authors: Chmiel Michal
Published: September 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic exacerbated the sharing of fake news and its negative impact on society for two reasons:1.Protective measures contributed to an increase of loneliness in some sections of society. 2.These lonely audiences became more psychologically vulnerable and then consumed and spread fake news about COVID-19. In two studies (N = 465), we tested a model involving a mediated mechanism whereby loneliness indirectly influences intentions to share fake news. Loneliness was a strong predictor of sharing untruthful content and narcissism was a mediator of this relationship but negatively related to loneliness. Gen Z demonstrated high propensity to share dubious content and we attribute this to the political views of this audience and their need to control the epistemic environment. For public relations practitioners, the findings are offered to help better understand the characteristics of this new vulnerable audience. At the theoretical level, we propose that the extent of change in the audience we have detected may have implications for the assumptions that underpin Grunig’s Situational Theory of Publics. Elaborations to this theory could be considered that attend to the divided and sometimes vulnerable audiences who are often dismissive of mainstream news and information sources.
Investigating the Daily Relationship between Subjective Age and Daily Events
Authors: Klaiber Patrick , Pauly Theresa
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Subjective age, or felt age, refers to individuals' perception of their age compared to their chronological age. Feeling older than usual has been associated with experiencing more same-day stressors and higher negative affect. Feeling older may indicate depleted psychological resources, increasing the likelihood of interpreting everyday situations as stressful and reacting more intensely to them. Conversely, feeling younger may indicate greater psychosocial resources, enhancing engagement in and responsiveness to positive events. Methods: This study investigated fluctuations in subjective age as a predictor of same-day event occurrence (stressors and positive events) and affective responses to these events using 14-day diary data from a sample of 108 older Swiss adults (aged 65-92). Results: On average, participants felt approximately 8 years younger than their chronological age, with significant day-to-day variability (ICC = .69). On days when individuals felt older than usual, they reported more stressors and fewer positive events. Older subjective age was also associated with greater stress reactivity (greater upticks in negative affect and greater dips in positive affect) and more pronounced responses to positive events. Time-ordered effects showed SA predicting positive events, but not stressors.Discussion: These findings underscore the importance of subjective age as a dynamic psychological construct potentially shaping the events people encounter and how they affectively respond to them. In addition, the lagged analyses provide evidence for subjective age as a predictor of daily event processes, but not for daily events as predictors of future subjective age, which contributes to disentangling the direction of association.
Understanding the Role of Peer Support in Managing Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Qualitative Study among Dutch Young Adults
Authors: Wagenaar Wendy , de Looper Melanie , Verstappen Lobke , Schoemaker Casper
Published: September 2024

Background: Diagnosing a chronic disease, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), can significantly impact a person's life, particularly for young adults transitioning from adolescence to adulthood. This period of increased independence and responsibility is further complicated by physical challenges (e.g., joint swelling, pain, stiffness, and fatigue) and psychosocial issues (e.g., social isolation, depression, and anxiety). While peer support has been recognized as a valuable resource for managing these psychosocial challenges, there is limited research on its specific role for young adults with JIA. This study aims to explore how Dutch young adults with JIA perceive and utilize peer support in managing their condition.Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews based on a predefined interview guide. Eleven participants, aged 18 to 30 and diagnosed with JIA, were recruited through purposeful and snowball sampling methods. Thematic content analysis was used to identify and analyze themes from the collected data.Results: Participants highlighted deficiencies in professional support, as rheumatologists frequently overlook the psychosocial aspects of JIA. Family and friends provide valuable emotional and instrumental support, but often lack a full understanding of the complexities of JIA. Participants highlighted the crucial role of peer support in managing JIA, providing emotional and informational support. Emotional support offered by peers included understanding, empathy, and normalization of experiences. Informational support included practical advice and problem-solving strategies. Despite the benefits, barriers such as stigma, physical limitations, and insufficient awareness about peer support opportunities were mentioned.Conclusions: Peer support is a valuable resource for young adults with JIA, helping with the navigation of psychosocial challenges associated with the condition. The findings emphasize the importance of incorporating peer support into support systems for young adults with JIAand addressing barriers to enhance accessibility and effectiveness. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to engage in discussions about the psychosocial impacts of JIA and provide more information about peer support. A support system that combines clinical care, support from loved ones, and peer support is essential for addressing both the physical and psychosocial needs of young adults with JIA.
Maladaptive personality trait change during the first eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the German general population
Authors: Wendt Leon Patrick , Kerber André , Müller Sascha , Zimmermann Johannes
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, marked by the threat of infection, severe illness, and stringent public health measures, has significantly transformed the lives of individuals. This challenging scenario provides a valuable context for examining the potential impact of such disruption on maladaptive personality traits—dispositions that can lead to distress, impaired functioning, and difficulty adapting to the environment. Using data from the GESIS panel (N = 4,742), which is broadly representative of the German adult population, this study examined maladaptive personality traits based on the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders in DSM-5. Maladaptive traits were assessed twice: four months before (October/November 2019) and eight months after the outbreak of the pandemic in Germany, during its ongoing phase (October/November 2020). Longitudinal measurement invariance was established for all trait domains except detachment. Results show increases in maladaptive traits, particularly antagonism (d = 0.26), disinhibition (0.12), and psychoticism (0.12). Additionally, maladaptive traits were associated with future negative life outcomes. Furthermore, romantic relationship conflict appeared to be a relevant adverse event spurring increases in maladaptive trait levels. Our results suggest a detrimental psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the German population, and shed light on a possible reciprocal amplification between maladaptive traits and adverse life circumstances.
नेपालका प्रमुख भाषाहरुको प्रयोग अवस्था
Authors: भण्डारी Bhandari द्वारिकाप्रसाद Dwarikaprasad
Published: September 2024

भाषा मानवीय विचार र भावना प्रकट गर्ने सशक्त माध्यम हो । नेपाल सामाजिक, सांस्कृति र भौगालिक दृष्टिले समृद्ध मुलुक भएकाले यहाँ भाषाको विकास क्रमशः हुदै आएका पाइन्छन् । भाषा आयोगको प्रतिवेदनअनुसार नेपालमा देवनागरी, सम्बोटा, सिरिजङ्गा, रञ्जना, रोङ, अखा, मिथिलाक्षर, कैथी, पर्सो अरेविक, तामहिग, ओइचिक, बाङ्ला, गुरुमुखी र रोमन गरी १४ लिपि भएका भाषाहरू र पाँच भाषापरिवारका भाषाहरू बोलिन्छन् । भाषा आयोग २०७८ अनुसार नेपालमा भाषाहरूको सङ्ख्या १३१ रहेको छ । नेपालमा बोलिने प्रमुख भाषाहरूको विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन गरी तिनीहरूको प्रयोग अवस्था निर्धारण गर्नु प्रस्तुत अध्ययनको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचामा आधारित यस अनुसन्धानमा प्राथमिक स्रोतका रूपमा भाषाविद्धसँग सोधेर सामग्रीको सङ्कलन गरिएको छ भने द्वितीयक स्रोतमा पुस्तकालय कार्यको प्रयोग गरी विभित्र सन्दर्भपुस्तक, जर्नल, अनुसन्धानमूलक लेख, पत्रपत्रिकाबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । २०६८ को प्रतिवेदनमा उल्लेखित १२३ भाषाहरूमध्ये अधिकाँश भाषाहरू लोपोन्मुख हुन लागेका देखिन्छन् । भाषाहरूको जीवन्तताको स्थितिलाई हेर्दा ५३ सुरक्षित, ५१ संकटापन्न, ११ अपसरणशील, ६ मृतप्रायः १ सुषुप्त र १ लोप भएको कुरा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । यसरी भाषामा लिपिभन्दा पनि लेख्य परम्परा नहुनु, पुस्ताहस्तान्तरणको प्रक्रिया रोकिनु, बसाइसराइका कारण भाषिक जनसङ्ख्या छरपष्टिनु, सबै भाषाले मातृभाषामा शिक्षण सिकाइ क्रियाकलाप गर्न नसक्नु, भाषाको विकासले निरन्तरता नपाउनु, आदिजस्ता कारणहरूले अहिले धेरैजसो मातृभाषी समुदायले आफ्नो भाषाको विकास तथा बिस्तारमा कठिनाइ भोग्नु परिरहेको छ ।
शैक्षणिक योजनाको कार्यान्वयन पक्ष
Authors: मण्डल Mandal रामदेव Ramdev
Published: September 2024

शैक्षणिक योजना भनेको शिक्षण सिकाइको क्रममा बनाइने योजनालाई बुझाउँछ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययन शैक्षणिक योजनाको कार्यान्वयन पक्षमा आधारित रहेको छ । प्राथमिक स्रोतका रूपमा सूचकबाट प्राप्त सामग्रीलाई ट्रान्सक्राइब, कोडिङ्, ग्रुपिङ र थिम निर्माण गरी वर्णनात्मक विधिद्वारा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । थिमका रूपमा वार्षिक कार्यतालिका, वार्षिक कार्ययोजना, एकाइ योजना, दैनिक पाठयोजना, शिक्षकको पेसागत विकास, शिक्षकलाई प्रोत्साहित, प्रधानाध्यापकको भूमिका, संस्थागत विकास आदि कार्यान्वयनका अवस्थालाई बुझाउँछन् । कुनै विद्यालयमा योजनाहरू निर्माण मात्र गरिएको छ भने, कुनै विद्यालयमा कार्यान्वयन गरेता पनि सबै योजनाहरू कार्यान्यन नभएको अवस्था देखियो । परिणाम स्वरूप शिक्षण सिकाइ प्रभावित भई पाठ्यक्रमले बोकेको उद्देश्य प्राप्तिमा पनि पूर्ण सफता नभएको देखिन्छ । विभिन्न शैक्षणिक योजनाहरूलाई प्रभावकारी तरिकाले कार्यान्वयन हुनुमा केही कमीकमजोरी प्रधानाध्यापकबाट देखिन्छ भने, केही कमीकमजोरी शिक्षकहरूमा पनि देखिन्छ । यी समस्याहरूलाई न्युनीकरण गर्न सम्बन्धित सरोकारवालाहरू एकजुट भई कार्य गर्नुपर्दछ । शिक्षकको मनोवल वृद्धि गर्न पृष्ठपोषणको व्यवस्था दिई शैक्षिक सामग्रीहरू उपलब्ध गराई शैक्षणिक योजना कार्यान्वयनमा हरेक पक्षको ध्यान केन्द्रित गरी यसका लागि शिक्षकले  आचार संहिता निर्माण तथा कार्यान्वयन गरेरसरोकारवालाहरूबीच सुमधुर सम्बन्ध कायम गरीविभिन्न कार्यक्रमहरूको आयोजना गरेर एकअर्काको विचार राख्ने अवसर दिनुपर्दछ । जुनसुकै कार्य गर्दा पनि सम्पूर्ण सरोकारवालाहरूको सहभागिता एवम् सल्लाहबाट वार्षिक रूपमा शैक्षणिक योजना कार्यान्वयनको समीक्षा गरी कार्यान्वयन पक्षमाथि जोड दिनु आवश्यक देखिन्छ ।
Participation of Women in Higher Education in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Pushpa
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
A note on Land Reform in Nepal
Authors: Pandey Sushil R.
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
Demand for Nitrogenous Fertilizer in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Pashupati
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
Percepcija uzroka i posljedica šumskih požara u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Mataković Hrvoje , Beljan Karlo , Posavec Stjepan
Published: September 2024

Šumski požari predstavljaju ozbiljnu sigurnosnu prijetnju jer ugrožavaju ljudske živote, štetno utječu na okoliš te uzrokuju materijalnu štetu. Ovim radom istražila se percepcija uzroka i posljedica šumskih požara u Hrvatskoj te potencijalna rješenja za njihovo sprječavanje. Isto tako, istražilo se postoji li razlika u percepciji ovih pitanja između stručnjaka koji su profesionalno vezani uz šume i šumske požare, i nestručnjaka, odnosno, osoba koje posjećuju šume rekreativno. Anketa je bila postavljena na internetu te je bila dostupna potencijalnim ispitanicima u razdoblju od lipnja do listopada 2023. godine. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćen prosudbeni uzorak od 119 ispitanika, koji se sastojao od 79 stručnjaka i 40 nestručnjaka. Analiza dobivenih odgovora provedena je pomoću hi-kvadrat testa te Mann-Whitney U testa. Istraživanje je pokazalo da se za većinu požara odgovornima smatraju ljudi i njihove aktivnosti, posebice osobe koje namjerno podmeću požare. Kao najteže materijalne posljedice šumskih požara ispitanici navode troškove obnove infrastrukture, javne imovine i industrije te krajolika nakon požara. Ispitanici smatraju da se šumski požari najdjelotvornije mogu spriječiti boljom edukacijom, boljim nadzorom šuma te strožim kaznama za osobe koje namjerno podmeću požare. Istraživanjem je također utvrđeno da kod većine pitanja ne postoje statistički značajne razlike između stručnjaka i nestručnjaka u percepciji uzroka i posljedica šumskih požara.
Will cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus L.) become extinct in the forests of Türkiye in the future?
Authors: Acarer Ahmet
Published: September 2024

Changing climate conditions and different climate scenarios on a global scale are associated with the shrinkage, fragmentation and even extinction of habitats of important bird species. Based on this, the aim is to conduct habitat suitability modelling and mapping of the cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus), which has the largest body among the four different vulture species in the world, under the circumstances of climate change in Türkiye. MaxEnt method was performed to reveal the current habitat suitability model of the cinereous vulture, which is an indicator of old and high-quality black pine forests in terms of biological diversity in Türkiye. It was determined that the variables contributing to the current habitat suitability model of the cinereous vulture were bedrock, isothermality, landform classification and seasonal precipitation. Chelsa climate scenarios (SSP126-SSP370-SSP585) for the year 2100 were used to reveal the effects of changing climate conditions on the cinereous vulture. Mapping results according to different scenarios were classified as 0.5 – unsuitable, 0.51-0.8 – suitable and 0.81-1.0 – the most suitable habitat. According to the mapping results based on different year and scenarios, cinereous vulture has suitable habitat in a minimum of 16.13% of the study area in the present state, 13.95% in the year 2100 in the SPP126 climate scenario, 10.11% in the SPP370 climate scenario and 7.36% in the SPP585climate scenario. As a result, when the 2100 SSP585 climate scenario mapping was compared to the current habitat suitability mapping, it was determined that habitat suitability for the cinereous vulture decreased by approximately 55%. Therefore, these results will be a source of information to prevent the extinction of the cinereous vulture, in order to protect its current and potential distributions in advance, and to reduce the impact of changing climate conditions.
Diagnostic Imaging Examinations for Suspected Appendicitis
Authors: Fischer Lacey , Hirsch Brandon
Published: September 2024

The vermiform appendix is a unique organ, especially when considering its role in human physiology, which has been speculated and debated for centuries. Recent findings and correlations indicate that the vermiform appendix has some homeostatic function in gut health and plays a critical role in the microbial makeup of the large intestine. Diagnostic Imaging to rule out an inflamed appendix is a routine procedure in health emergencies. Yet the associated risks with appendicitis and appendectomy elicit continued research on the topic. The lifetime risk of appendicitis was found to be 8.6% for males and 6.7% for females, with the highest incidence rate in individuals aged 10 to 19 years (23.3 cases per 10,000 people annually). A family history of appendicitis has also been shown to increase the risk for appendicitis in adulthood. Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of emergency abdominal surgery in children. The concern for radiation dose, especially for pregnant and pediatric populations, makes appendiceal imaging a balancing act between various patient populations and image modality tradeoffs. While computed tomography remains the imaging modality of choice for nonpregnant adult populations, the implementation of ultrasound is an invaluable imaging modality without the concern for ionizing radiation.
Traumatic Superficial Venous Aneurysm with Thrombosis
Authors: Li Tony Y.
Published: September 2024

Venous aneurysm (VA) is a focal dilation of a vein. A superficial VA is rare. In this case study, an extremely rare superficial VA with thrombosis caused by blunt injury is reported. The patient presented with a painless soft mass in the medial aspect of the right distal leg with previous history of local blunt injury. The mass was partially compressible and had no significant change with the leg in dependent or elevated position. Duplex ultrasonography revealed a focal dilation of a vein segment with hypoechoic content inside, which is consistent with a superficial VA with thrombosis. The possible pathogenesis may be that the local injury causes degenerative changes leading to the weak vein wall, while more static pressure and less emptying power in the vein of distal leg results in the local vein dilatation and thrombus formation.
Diagnosing Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Qian Lu Jia
Published: September 2024

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) represents only 10–15% of all invasive breast cancers. Owing to challenges in screening and detection, diagnosis of ILC is often delayed and susceptible to high false-negative rates. This is a case report of ILC illustrated by mammography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy in a postmenopausal female.
MicroPure Imaging Technology to Image the Thyroid in a University Tertiary Referral Centre
Authors: Britto Megan , Strike Karen , Donnellan John , Stein Nina
Published: September 2024

This retrospective chart review aims to describe the results of using MicroPure in cases of thyroid ultrasound imaging. Ultrasound studies with thyroid nodules that included ultrasound images in 2D B-mode and MicroPure were examined. The results of this review showed contradictory information regarding microcalcifications, colloid deposits, and risk stratification. Further research is required before clinical implementation and incorporation of the technique into protocols and guidelines.
Meet the Editorial Board
Authors: Boles Kim , Foran Kathleen , Broughton Lianne , Caron Francine , Denis Nanette , Disler Dal , Fix Cathy , Gibbs Stuart , Gillis Carol , Harrington Chris , Lawson Wendy , Maschio Verna , Parkinson Vern
Published: September 2024

As of the current issue, the Canadian Journal of Medical Sonography has a new editor-in-chief, Kim Boles, an associate editor-in-chief, Kathleen Foran, and a full slate of editorial board members committed to advancing the journal and making it an essential publication for Canadian sonographers. We invite you to read on and meet this dedicated group of individuals.
Role of Imaging Modalities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hesson Noor Mihyar
Published: September 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory and progressive disease that afflicts the joints, resulting in their destruction. Early detection and treatment of RA are paramount to halting the degenerative disease process and salvaging joint function. Early symptoms of RA are unspecific and frequently associated with old age, creating a lag between disease onset and its diagnosis. This article examines the role of multiple imaging modalities and their comparative effectiveness in detecting early joint degeneration. Studies show that conventional radiography is insensitive to bone and cartilage changes that accompany early RA. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be more sensitive than conventional radiography; however, it is not very cost-effective and is low in availability. Ultrasonography and MRI have comparable effectiveness in detecting early disease processes. However, ultrasonography has the advantage of being a cheap, available, and non-radiating alternative. Rapidly advancing technologies in ultrasonography such as Doppler, high-resolution, and microbubble contrast ultrasonography also give ultrasonography a clear edge. Treatment methods have traditionally employed nontoxic methods such as analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the early stages of RA. However, this article draws on studies that show that initiating treatment with more aggressive methods in the early stages of RA are more effective at delaying the disease process.
Cardiac Source of Emboli - Not Always Normal: A Case Report
Authors: Fraser Josh
Published: September 2024

This case report describes echocardiography performed on a patient with a history of right cerebral hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The indication for echocardiography was a cardiac source of embolism. Of note, only 5-10% of patients who develop a cardiac thrombus will develop an embolus.Pediatric Ultrasound: A Practical Guide
Brodie's Abscess: What's That?
Authors: White Megan
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Obtaining a clinical history from patients who present themselves to the ultrasound department for an examination is essential to providing the proper patient care. While discussing the patient’s history, signs, and symptoms, we can focus on the areas of interest as dictated by their clinical presentation.

Case Description:

A patient presented to the emergency department with a previous diagnosis of tendinitis of the hamstring. Confirmation of normal hamstring tendons resulted in the extension of the examination to image the region of interest, and the pathology was identified. The rare presentation of a Brodie's abscess was identified in the right posterior aspect of the proximal femur.

Discussion:

A Brodie abscess is difficult to diagnose clinically since the patient may present with mild symptoms that can mimic a number of other pathologies. Diagnostic imaging is integral in the diagnosis. With the use of an expanded ultrasound examination, and additional imaging, the pathology was confirmed as a Brodie's abscess, and the patient was treated accordingly.

Conclusion:

With ultrasonography there is the capability to go beyond set protocols, and the sonographer should be conscious of where the patient is experiencing the symptom and should expand the examination to include this area.Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Review of Current Literature
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Review of Current Literature
Authors: Thomas Amanda , Beise Darcelle , Foufas Mona
Published: September 2024

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a condition distinguished by transient left ventricular dysfunction along with reversible left ventricular apical ballooning. This illness is triggered by acute emotional or physical stress; thus, it is known as “stress cardiomyopathy” or “broken heart syndrome.” The signs and symptoms of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy mimic those of a myocardial infarction; however, a myocardial infarction lacks Takotsubo cardiomyopathy’s defining feature of obstructive coronary artery disease. Echocardiographers need to become educated in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in order to accurately recognize the disease and differentiate it from the classic acute myocardial infarction. This knowledge will allow proper assessment, management, and overall health care for patients who suffer with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. This article discusses the three theories of the pathogenesis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, its clinical features and diagnosis, the current means of treating it, and its prognosis.
Cardiac Complications of Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Blackburn Vanessa
Published: September 2024

A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) was ordered for a 60-year-old female patient, the indication stated renal transplant workup. The TTE showed severe concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, severe biatrial enlargement, severe tricuspid valve regurgitation, and severe pulmonary hypertension. These findings were initially reported as hypertensive heart disease, with suggested differentials of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or amyloid heart disease. Upon analysis of her clinical history, the cardiologist discovered that this patient had sickle cell disease. This hereditary red blood cell disorder was the missing link for the clinical correlation of this patient's cardiac pathology.
Situs Inversus
Authors: Srayko Sarah
Published: September 2024

Situs inversus and heterotaxy syndromes are rare and often complicated conditions that involve an abnormal arrangement of the thoracic and abdominal organs. Congenital heart defects and other complications are often present with these conditions. There is no corrective surgery recommended or available, other than for the specific cardiac anomalies found with these conditions. Accurate diagnoses of these conditions can be difficult as complex cardiac anomalies may be present. Subtle differences in position of the abdominal and thoracic organs may also exist. This article will focus on a case of situs inversus totalis diagnosed in utero, the association of situs inversus totalis with Kartagener syndrome and the differential diagnoses for situs inversus, such as a heterotaxy syndrome.
Preoperative Sonographic Evaluation and Sampling of Axillary Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Patients: A Local Experience
Authors: Woodworth Claire F. , Hapgood Connie
Published: September 2024

Axillary ultrasound (US) is useful in the preoperative assessment of breast cancer patients. US-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of pathological nodes avoids the need for a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). SLNB is more extensive, requiring nuclear medicine and intraoperative pathological assessment. We performed a retrospective chart audit to assess (1) the accuracy of local preoperative axillary node US interpretation and (2) the performance of US-guided axillary node FNA biopsies in the work-up of patients with breast cancer. Axillary metastases were detected preoperatively in 33 out of 81 patients (sensitivity = 40.7%). On pathology, 113 out of 124 patients with negative interpretations were truly negative (specificity = 91.1%). Sensitivity and specificity of FNA at our site is 89.7% and 55.6%, respectively. The results of this audit emphasize the continued need for adequate training in axillary node US interpretation.
Monumento a Micaela Bastidas (1967-1969), un símbolo de reivindicación femenina durante la Reforma Agraria
Authors: Esquivel Ortiz Omar
Published: September 2024

El Monumento a Micaela Bastidas, a pesar de su establecimiento periférico dentro del distrito del Cercado de Lima, forma actualmente parte de sus obras públicas de escultura. Fue un proyecto estrictamente municipal, elaborado durante el primer Gobierno Revolucionario de la Fuerza Armada (1968-1975), un periodo de efervescencia ideológica, donde la imagen de Túpac Amaru II fue adoptado como símbolo de reivindicación nacional, mientras la de Micaela Bastidas, reducida a la de madre heroína, sin rostro conocido. Por ello, en el presente artículo examinaremos el redescubrimiento discursivo que María Roqué Barriach proyectó en el monumento de la heroína, como un instrumento simbólico de la lucha femenina y de la libertad, a las que aspiró desde su posición como la única regidora mujer del municipio limeño, representante del Frente de Liberación Nacional.
Capital virtual y trabajo intelectual-social
Authors: Castillo Ochoa Manuel
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo, teniendo en cuenta la presencia masiva que ha logrado lo virtual en la educación universitaria, exigido por las características planetarias de la pandemia, indaga y analiza la relación que se establece entre la misma y la docencia universitaria, en especial la que se imparte en las humanidades y las disciplinas sociales. Observando las particularidades específicas, problemáticas, y la forma de abordamiento propias del análisis social, analiza como la misma, de acuerdo con su tradición y a las maneras de su difusión, puede distorsionarse sino se encuentra un punto de equilibrio entre la destreza de lo virtual y la analítica de lo social. Señala que podría producirse una nueva escisión entre la modernización virtual como tecnificación de lo social y la modernidad como formación de criterio hacia lo social. Propone un punto de equilibrio entre las técnicas de docencia de lo virtual, y sus ventajas, y la necesaria libertad y autonomía de la enseñanza de lo social que muchas veces escapan a la esfera netamente tecno-científica tradicionalmente entendida. Para ello retoma la obra de Harry Braverman como referente teórico de la separación entre concepción tecno administrativa y operacionalización del trabajo
Automated system of SMM lead generation in Telegram messenger
Authors: Tuzenko O.A. , Sidun N.N.
Published: September 2024

In the article the development of automated system for search of interested users, so called leads, in Telegram messenger environment. While Telegram is not a social network and is strongly different with its interaction mode to ay web-service like blog, image or news board or forum, then the search of motivated target audience is a complex task. It is primarily complex because no recommendation system for content or finding new channels, chats, content sources is provided, the news and posts feed does not exist like in other social media. In current paper the process of development of a tool for searching interested users, created as a Telegram-bot, which interacts with Telegram API to gather the data and with different language tools analyses messages in the chat, helping to find discussions related to required theme. Particularly, to detect users that a potentially interested in specific themes, it is required to analyze the very texts of the discussion and detect the themes, users of the current chat discuss. Specifically for this analysis natural language tools are needed, as well as the tools that allow to process discussion’s context. Bot was created in the following technologies stack: the main programming language is Python, the framework pyTelegramBotAPI is responsible for interaction with Telegram servers via API, the gathered and processed data is stored in a database based on MySQL, language processing is performed in multiple steps, in which natural language processing libraries for Python and AI particularly big language model ChatGPT are involved. The bot gathers and processes information from the chat messages and then provides a report of how many mentions in the administrator defined theme made certain chat users, these users are potential leads. This data helps to build and improve marketing models of goods and services promotion and detect the level of involvement and the degree of interest in current theme
Improvement of the mathematical model of the navigation area for the optimal ship passage route
Authors: Dudchenko S.
Published: September 2024

Planning the optimal route of a vessel passage is a key problem in the design of traffic planning and navigation systems. This problem consists in the need to determine the trajectory from the initial point to the final point, which ensures the absence of collisions with obstacles. When solving this problem, it is also necessary to take into account the dynamics of the vessel, the uncertainty and non-stationarity of the water environment, the time to calculate the path and the physical feasibility of the trajectory. The planning task is traditionally formulated as the task of optimizing the state of the current position of the vessel relative to the target position. Most often, this problem is solved in the configuration space, which consists of a set of obstacles, kinematic and dynamic constraints, and a set of points in the swimming areas. Planning methods are divided into global and local. Global methods build a route based on a known map, while local methods adjust the path when obstacles are detected. However, at the moment, mathematical models of the navigation area only partially take into account the uncertainties of the zones in which the vessel operates. This determines the planning of local trajectories within a specific swimming area using a simple straight-line algorithm. Since in the process of planning the transition from «berth» to «berth» in order to ensure the navigational safety of the ship, it is necessary to use all available information to compile the most detailed imaginary model of the ship's transition before the start of each voyage. In order to solve this task, this paper proves that in the process of building the optimal route, it is necessary to conduct a full analysis of all stages of the passage of the vessel, which increases the optimality of the planned passage route. The mathematical model of the navigation area for the optimal route of the ship's passage has been improved, in which the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets is applied
Pelatihan Pembuatan Eko-enzim sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair pada Unit Bank Sampah Sahabat Ibu
Authors: Zuhro Fatimatuz , Sukamto Dwi Sucianingtyas , Hasanah Hasni Ummul , Utami Sari Wiji , Mahbubah Fina Saffanatul , Litasari Maria Rosa
Published: September 2024

Pemanfaatan sampah organik  masih sangat terbatas dilakukan di unit bank sampah Sahabat Ibu, oleh karena itu Tim Pengusul program pengabdian kepada masyarakat berinisiatif untuk melakukan pelatihan pembuatan eko-enzim yang akan dimanfaatkan sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair. Pelatihan ini dilakukan di perumahan Taman Gading, kecamatan Kaliwates, kabupaten Jember. Para peserta pelatihan adalah para ibu nasabah bank sampah Sahabat Ibu. Pelatihan ini dapat memberikan wawasan kepada para peserta tentang arti penting pengolahan sampah organik dan menambah keterampilan bagi mereka tentang cara pembuatan eko-enzim yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair. Para peserta mampu membuat eko-enzim dengan keberhasilan sebesar 100%.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Canva dan Pinterest Untuk Pendidikan
Authors: Maranatha Jojor Renta , Ami Ami , Putri Aries Legita Permana , Nurjanah Ayu Sufi , Lutfiah Gaida Fitri , Afifah Osa
Published: September 2024

Pelatihan pemanfaatan canva dan pinterest untuk pendidikan merupakan sebuah hal yang tentunya akan membantu para guru dalam memudahkan proses pembelajaran. Hal tersebut diupayakan oleh mahasiswa Program Penguatan Profesional Kependidikan (P3K) agar dapat mempermudah guru untuk mengembangkan beberapa aspek perkembangan anak. dengan berbagai persiapan yang dilakukan (1) Observasi (2) Sosialisasi (3) Praktik (4) Penerapan, hal tersebut dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Program Penguatan Profesional Kependidikan (P3K) guna mengasah kemampuan guru untuk mengembangkan beberapa aspek perkembangan siswa melalui media canva dan pinterest. Di samping itu, para mahasiswa juga menjelaskan sisi lain keunggulan dari aplikasi canva dan pinterest yang tentunya membuat para guru tertarik untuk menerapkan hal tersebut guna mengasah perkembangan anak. tentunya dengan adanya pelatihan pemanfaatan canva dan pinterest sangat membantu para guru dalam menyajikan pembelajaran secara kreatif. Untuk menciptakan proses pembelajaran yang optimal, maksimal dan menyenangkan, tentunya di dukung dengan mengadakan media canva dan pinterest dalam proses kegiatan belajar.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Eco Print Sebagai Penguatan Karakter P5 dalam Pemahaman Konsep Matematika dengan Geogebra
Authors: Langi Evy Lalan , Panglipur Indah Rahayu , Ashadi Firman , Trianggono Mochammad Maulana , Kurniawan Moh. Usman
Published: September 2024

Teknik eco print termasuk dalam materi pelajaran kerajinan tekstil karena dilakukan dengan cara menghias permukaan kain atau tekstur. Penguatan P5 di sekolah mengacu pada gagasan pendidikan berkelanjutan yang dikenal sebagai lima pilar. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pelatihan pembuatan eco print sebagai penguatan karakter P5 pada siswa. Selain itu kegiatan ini juga terintegrasi pada pembelajaran pemahaman konsep matematika terapan terkait dengan bangun geometri dua dimensi yang terbentuk. Pengabdian ini dilakukan melalui sistem hybrid, yang berarti bahwa mereka dilakukan secara online dan offline. Untuk mendukung kegiatan kebinekaan dan penguatan profil Pancasila, pendampingan online dilakukan secara berkala. Pendampingan offline dilakukan untuk kegiatan yang akan mengadakan penguatan profil Pancasila. Kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilakukan sehubungan dengan pendampingan dalam bentuk pelatihan dapat membantu meningkatkan karakter P5 dan meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika terapan, yang ditemukan dalam materi transformasi geometri pada dedaunan. Dengan menggunakan Geogebra untuk mengvisualisasikan, siswa dapat memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang materi.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Sampah dengan Mesin Pirolisis
Authors: Maghfiroh Amalia Ma’rifatu , Abryandoko Eko Wahyu
Published: September 2024

Kesadaran dan pengetahuan tentang pengolahan sampah yang baik dan tepat, akan dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan ataupun bencana akibat sampah. Permasalahan sampah perlu perhatian dan penanganan khusus sehingga dapat mewujudkan lingkungan sehat dan bersih, salah satunya di lingkungan MTs Abu Darrin Bojonegoro. Besarnya siswa-siswi, guru dan karyawan mengakibatkan banyaknya tumpukan sampah yang dihasilkan oleh karena itu diperlukan penanganan untuk pengolahan sampah khususnya sampah plastik dengan membuat mesin pirolisis. Mesin Pirolisis merupakan mesin yang digunakan untuk merubah sampah menjadi bahan bakar. Metode yang dilakukan terdapat beberapa tahapan yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan pelaporan. Hasil kesimpulan yang diperoleh setelah dilakukan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat, memberikan manfaat berupa solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan sampah yang menumpuk di MTs Abu Darrin dengan aplikasi teknologi ramah lingkungan mesin pirolisis. Pengabdian ini juga mengajarkan siswa-siswi agar lebih peduli terhadap permasalahan sampah yang ada di lingkungan sekitar mereka.