bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accessing distributions of exchange and dipolar couplings in stiff molecular rulers with Cu(ii) centres
Authors: Keller K. , Ritsch I. , Hintz H. , Hülsmann M. , Qi M. , Breitgoff F. D. , Klose D. , Polyhach Y. , Yulikov M. , Godt A. , Jeschke G.
Published: September 2020

Novel approaches to quantitatively analyse distributed exchange couplings are described and tested on experimental data sets for stiff synthetic molecules.
Chemical reactions on surfaces for applications in catalysis, gas sensing, adsorption-assisted desalination and Li-ion batteries: opportunities and challenges for surface science
Authors: Boukhvalov Danil W. , Paolucci Valentina , D’Olimpio Gianluca , Cantalini Carlo , Politano Antonio
Published: September 2020

Chemical reactions on surfaces of innovative materials have direct implications in application fields, such as catalysis, batteries, gas sensing and desalination.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Extent of conjugation in diazonium-derived layers in molecular junction devices determined by experiment and modelling”’ by R. L. McCreery, S. K. Saxena, M. Supur and U. Tefashe, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2020, 22, DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02412k
Authors: Bergren Adam Johan , DiLabio Gino A. , Van Dyck Colin , Mukundan Vineetha , Fereiro Jerry A.
Published: September 2020

By clarifying the degree of surface roughness on substrates used to grow molecular films, we show that it is helpful to refine the models used to describe these surfaces to include more structure details.
Energy components in energy decomposition analysis (EDA) are path functions; why does it matter?
Authors: Andrada Diego M. , Foroutan-Nejad Cina
Published: September 2020

EDA energy components are path functions. Is there any preferred path for EDA?
Theoretical study of the O(3P) + C2H6 reaction based on a new ab initio-based global potential energy surface
Authors: Espinosa-Garcia J. , Rangel C. , Corchado J. C. , Garcia-Chamorro M.
Published: September 2020

The QCT cold OH(v,j) product vibrational and rotational distributions (computed at a collision energy of 15 kcal mol−1) agree with experiments.
One-pot efficient biosynthesis of (3R)-acetoin from pyruvate by a two-enzyme cascade
Authors: Cui Zhenzhen , Mao Yufeng , Zhao Yujiao , Zheng Meiyu , Wang Zhiwen , Ma Hongwu , Chen Tao
Published: September 2020

Opening the possibility of sustainable industrial (3R)-acetoin biomanufacturingin vitro.
Hydration of alkynes catalyzed by [Au(X)(L)(ppy)]X in the green solvent γ-valerolactone under acid-free conditions: the importance of the pre-equilibrium step
Authors: Segato Jacopo , Del Zotto Alessandro , Belpassi Leonardo , Belanzoni Paola , Zuccaccia Daniele
Published: September 2020

Stable and robust [Au(H2O)(NHC)(ppy)](X)2 successfully catalyses the hydration of alkynes in GVL, under acid-free conditions. DFT calculation and NMR measurements suggest that pre-equilibrium is the key step of the whole process.
Microfluidic salt precipitation: implications for geological CO2 storage
Authors: Ho Tsai-Hsing Martin , Tsai Peichun Amy
Published: September 2020

Novel microfluidic visualizations reveal the simultaneous dynamics of salt nucleation and fluid drying rates while mimicking carbon capture and storage processes.
In-droplet cell separation based on bipolar dielectrophoretic response to facilitate cellular droplet assays
Authors: Han Song-I , Huang Can , Han Arum
Published: September 2020

Novel in-droplet label-free cell separation technology is presented in this paper by utilizing different dielectrophoretic responses of two distinct cell types, enabling broader ranges of cellular assays to be implemented in the droplet-based microfluidics system.
Gas adsorption properties (N2, H2, O2, NO, NO2, CO, CO2, and SO2) on a Sc2CO2 monolayer: a first-principles study
Authors: Pham Khang D. , Ly Tran Huu , Vu Tuan V. , Hai Luong L. , Nguyen Hong T. T. , Le P. T. T. , Khyzhun O. Y.
Published: September 2020

The selectivity of gas adsorption on the Sc2CO2 monolayer belongs to NO2 and O2.
The regioselective coupling of 2-arylquinazolinone C–H with aldehydes and benzyl alcohols under oxidative conditions
Authors: Kshirsagar Umesh A. , Waghmare Deepali S. , Tambe Shrikant D.
Published: September 2020

Palladium catalyzed direct and regioselective cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of 2-arylquinazoline-4-one endowed with a quinazolinone nucleus as an inherent directing group with aldehyde and oxidative coupling with benzyl alcohol was developed.
Design of super-strong and thermally stable nanotwinned Al alloys via solute synergy
Authors: Zhang Y. F. , Su R. , Xie D. Y. , Niu T. J. , Xue S. , Li Q. , Shang Z. , Ding J. , Richter N. A. , Wang Jian , Wang H. , Zhang X.
Published: September 2020

The ternary Al–Ni–Ti alloys have outstanding thermal stability.
Stabilization of polyiodide networks with Cu(ii) complexes of small methylated polyazacyclophanes: shifting directional control from H-bonds to I⋯I interactions
Authors: Martínez-Camarena Álvaro , Savastano Matteo , Llinares José M. , Verdejo Begoña , Bianchi Antonio , García-España Enrique , Bazzicalupi Carla
Published: September 2020

Modulation of hydrogen bonds and iodine–iodine interactions, both covalent and supramolecular, unlocks novel possibilities for the construction of transition metal-polyiodide hybrid networks.
Retro Diels Alder protocol for regioselective synthesis of novel [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidin-7(1H)-ones
Authors: Said Awad I. , Palkó Márta , Haukka Matti , Fülöp Ferenc
Published: September 2020

Norbornene is an efficient motif for blocking the electronic effect of the CC bond to invert the stereochemistry outcome. Then, using the RDA strategy the CC bond was recovered to obtain the target compound with a definite stereochemistry.
Research on the mechanism and reaction conditions of electrochemical preparation of persulfate in a split-cell reactor using BDD anode
Authors: Zhang Feng , Sun Zhiyu , Cui Jianguo
Published: September 2020

Through cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve, electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) characterization and free radical competitive trapping experiment, an analysis was performed on the mechanism of persulfate (PDS) electro-synthesis by sulfate at boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode.
Anomalous dynamics of water at the octopeptide lanreotide surface
Authors: Pinzan Florian , Artzner Franck , Ghoufi Aziz
Published: September 2020

Molecular dynamics simulations of a hydrated mutated lanreotide, a cyclic octapeptide, were carried out to characterize its hydration state. We studied the water dynamics close to the peptide using atomistic simulations.
Synthesis and properties of DNA oligomers containing stereopure phosphorothioate linkages and C-5 modified deoxyuridine derivatives
Authors: Hara Rintaro Iwata , Yoshino Reijiro , Nukaga Yohei , Maeda Yusuke , Sato Kazuki , Wada Takeshi
Published: September 2020

The combination of 5-propynyluracil and (Rp)-PS linkages in a DNA strand could significantly increase the thermal stability of a DNA/RNA hybrid duplex.
Influence of the ion content of CaCl2-ionised polyamide-66 nucleator on the crystalline nucleation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) through ion–dipole interactions
Authors: Tian Yuanfu , Tan Jinqiang , Wu Yixin , Song Zhiyuan , Tao Qian , Zheng Xuan , Hu Tao , Gong Xinghou , Wu Chonggang
Published: September 2020

A polyamide-66 ionised with 6.5 mol% of CaCl2, an optimum heterogeneous nucleator, maximally expedites poly(ethylene terephthalate) crystallisation by medium-concentration ion–dipole interactions.
Synthesis and characterization of a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel with antioxidative and thermosensitive properties
Authors: Chen Meng , Li Cui , Nie Fujiao , Liu Xiaoyan , Pipinos Iraklis I. , Li Xiaowei
Published: September 2020

Injectable antioxidative thermosensitive hydrogel.
“Eggs in egg cartons”: co-crystallization to embed molecular cages into crystalline lattices
Authors: Domoto Yuya , Abe Masahiro , Yamamoto Kidai , Kikuchi Takashi , Fujita Makoto
Published: September 2020

Discrete coordination cages were connected into the infinite lattices via shape-complementary co-crystallization with networked coordination hosts in the “eggs-in-an-egg-carton” styles.
Computational screening of homo and hetero transition metal dimer catalysts for reduction of CO2 to C2 products with high activity and low limiting potential
Authors: Chen Dachang , Chen Zhiwen , Lu Zhuole , Tang Ju , Zhang Xiaoxing , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: September 2020

Double transition metal catalysts (DACs) can provide distinguished activity and low overpotential for CO2 reduction to C2 products.
Electrospun Ta-doped TiO2/C nanofibers as a high-capacity and long-cycling anode material for Li-ion and K-ion batteries
Authors: Su Die , Liu Li , Liu Zhixiao , Dai Jing , Wen Jiaxing , Yang Min , Jamil Sidra , Deng Huiqiu , Cao Guozhong , Wang Xianyou
Published: September 2020

Ta-doped TiO2/C nanofibers can enhance the electrical conductivity, shorten the ion transport distance. Thus it shows outstanding electrochemical performance in both Li/K-metal half cells and Li/K full cells..
Revealing the effect of polyethylenimine on zinc metal anodes in alkaline electrolyte solution for zinc–air batteries: mechanism studies of dendrite suppression and corrosion inhibition
Authors: Lin Ming-Hsien , Huang Chen-Jui , Cheng Pai-Hsiang , Cheng Ju-Hsiang , Wang Chun-Chieh
Published: September 2020

We detailly reveal the effects of PEI on zinc nuclei growth and corrosion protection of zinc anode in the alkaline electrolyte solution and confirm the benefit of PEI for improving cycling stability in the practical zinc–air battery.
Wavelength dependent luminescence decay kinetics in ‘quantum-confined’ g-C3N4 nanosheets exhibiting high photocatalytic efficiency upon plasmonic coupling
Authors: Mondal Sanjit , Sahoo Lipipuspa , Vaishnav Yuvraj , Mishra Samita , Roy Raj Sekhar , Vinod C. P. , De Arijit K. , Gautam Ujjal K.
Published: September 2020

Exciton recombination and its decay kinetics study revealing the nature of co-catalytic contributions in plasmonically active, highly photoactive Au-/g-C3N4 nanosheets.
Chemotherapy based on “Domino-effect” combined with immunotherapy amplifying the efficacy of an anti-metastatic treatment
Authors: Du Bin , Du Qian , Bai Yimeng , Yu Lili , Wang Yuehua , Huang Jingshu , Zheng Mei , Shen Guopeng , Zhou Jie , Yao Hanchun
Published: September 2020

In tumor immunotherapy, Treg cells are immunosuppressive cells.
Highly efficient photothermal heating via distorted edge-defects in boron quantum dots
Authors: Wang Li , Xu Si-Min , Guan Shanyue , Qu Xiaozhong , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , He Shan , Zhou Shuyun
Published: September 2020

Quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly being utilized as near infrared (NIR) active photothermal agents for cancer diagnosis and therapy, with the main emphasis of current research being the enhancement of photothermal conversion efficiencies.
Creating a two-dimensional hole gas in a polar/polar LaAlO3/KTaO3 perovskite heterostructure
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Zhang Zhengtao , Cheng Jianli , Zhang Qinyong , Tang Wu , Yang Kesong
Published: September 2020

This work demonstrates one possibility to create a two-dimensional hole gas at the polar/polar (AlO2)−/(KO)− interface from first-principles calculations.
X-ray crystal structure and specificity of the Toxoplasma gondii ME49 TgAPN2
Authors: Marijanovic Emilia M. , Weronika Swiderska Karolina , Andersen James , Aschenbrenner Jasmin C. , Webb Chaille T. , Drag Marcin , Drinkwater Nyssa , McGowan Sheena
Published: September 2020

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by infection with Toxoplasma gondii that currently has few therapeutic options. The M1 aminopeptidase enzymes have been shown to be attractive targets for anti-parasitic agents and/or vaccine candidates, suggesting potential to re-purpose inhibitors between parasite M1 aminopeptidase targets. The M1 aminopeptidase TgAPN2 has been suggested to be a potential new drug target for toxoplasmosis. Here we investigate the structure and function of TgAPN2, a homologue of the antimalarial drug target PfA-M1, and evaluate the capacity to use inhibitors that target PfA-M1 against TgAPN2. The results show that despite a similar overall fold, the TgAPN2 has a unique substrate specificity and inhibition profile. Sequence and structure differences are investigated and show how comparative structure-activity relationships may provide a route to obtaining potent inhibitors of TgAPN2.
Neuromotor Control of Speech and Speechlike Tasks: Implications From Articulatory Gestures
Authors: Rong Panying
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This study aimed to provide a preliminary examination of the articulatory control of speech and speechlike tasks based on a gestural framework and identify shared and task-specific articulatory factors in speech and speechlike tasks.

Method

Ten healthy participants performed two speechlike tasks (i.e., alternating motion rate [AMR] and sequential motion rate [SMR]) and three speech tasks (i.e., reading of “clever Kim called the cat clinic” at the regular, fast, and slow rates) that varied in phonological complexity and rate. Articulatory kinematics were recorded using an electromagnetic kinematic tracking system (Wave, Northern Digital Inc.). Based on the gestural framework for articulatory phonology, the gestures of tongue body and lips were derived from the kinematic data. These gestures were subjected to a fine-grained analysis, which extracted (a) four gestural features (i.e., range of magnitude [ROM], frequency [Freq], acceleration time, and maximum speed [maxSpd]) for the tongue body gesture; (b) three intergestural measures including the peak intergestural coherence (InterCOH), frequency at which the peak intergestural coherence occurs (Freq_InterCOH), and the mean absolute relative phase between the tongue body and lip gestures; and (c) three intragestural (i.e., interarticulator) measures including the peak intragestural coherence (IntraCOH), Freq_IntraCOH, and mean absolute relative phase between the tongue body and the jaw, which are the component articulators that underlie the tongue body gesture. In addition, the performance rate for each task was also derived. The effects of task and sex on all the articulatory and behavioral measures were examined using mixed-design analysis of variance followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons across tasks.

Results

Task had a significant effect on performance rate, ROM, Freq, maxSpd, InterCOH, Freq_InterCOH, IntraCOH, and Freq_IntraCOH. Compared to the speech tasks, the AMR task showed a decrease in ROM and increases in Freq, InterCOH, Freq_InterCOH, IntraCOH, and Freq_IntraCOH. The SMR task showed similar ROM, Freq, maxSpd, InterCOH, and IntraCOH as the fast and regular speech tasks.

Conclusions

The simple phonological structure and demand for rapid syllable rate for the AMR task may elicit a distinct articulatory control mechanism. Despite being a rapid nonsense syllable repetition task, the relatively complex phonological structure of the SMR task appeared to elicit a similar articulatory control mechanism as that of speech production. Based on these shared and task-specific articulatory features between speech and speechlike tasks, the clinical implications for articulatory assessment were discussed.
Connecting planet formation and astrochemistry
Authors: Cridland Alex J. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Alessi Matthew , Pudritz Ralph E.
Published: September 2020

The chemical composition of planetary atmospheres has long been thought to store information regarding where and when a planet accretes its material. Predicting this chemical composition theoretically is a crucial step in linking observational studies to the underlying physics that govern planet formation. As a follow-up to an earlier study of ours on hot Jupiters, we present a population of warm Jupiters (semi-major axis between 0.5 and 4 AU) extracted from the same planetesimal formation population synthesis model as used in that previous work. We compute the astrochemical evolution of the proto-planetary disks included in this population to predict the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) and nitrogen-to-oxygen (N/O) ratio evolution of the disk gas, ice, and refractory sources, the accretion of which greatly impacts the resulting C/Os and N/Os in the atmosphere of giant planets. We confirm that the main sequence (between accreted solid mass and the atmospheric C/O) we found previously is largely reproduced by the presented population of synthetic warm Jupiters. As a result, the majority of the population falls along the empirically derived mass-metallicity relation when the natal disk has solar or lower metallicity. Planets forming from disks with high metallicity ([Fe/H] > 0.1) results in more scatter in chemical properties, which could explain some of the scatter found in the mass-metallicity relation. Combining predicted C/Os and N/Os shows that Jupiter does not fall among our population of synthetic planets, suggesting that it likely did not form in the inner 5 AU of the Solar System before proceeding into a Grand Tack. This result is consistent with a recent analysis of the chemical composition of Jupiter’s atmosphere, which suggests that it accreted most of its heavy element abundance farther than tens of AU away from the Sun. Finally, we explore the impact of different carbon refractory erosion models, including the location of the carbon erosion front. Shifting the erosion front has a major impact on the resulting C/Os of Jupiter- and Neptune-like planets, but warm Saturns see a smaller shift in C/Os since their carbon and oxygen abundances are equally impacted by gas and refractory accretion.
Clinical characteristics and treatments of hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma: two case reports and literature review
Authors: Feng Dalin , Wang Mingshuai , Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Jianwen
Published: September 2020

Background The objective of this study is to discuss clinical characteristics and treatments of hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma on the basis of 2 cases and to review recent literature, in order to present medical advances.

Methods A 29-year old male patient came to our hospital because of a huge tumour on the right kidney. Enhanced CT showed that the tumour was about 15.5*10.5 cm, and was considered to be malignant. Another case was a 38-year old female patient. She complained was found to have a right kidney tumour in a routine physical examination. Enhanced CT showed an early-stage tumour of about 4.3*3.7 cm on the lower pole of the right kidney. The male patient underwent open radical nephrectomy and the female patient underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and extensive retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. The two patients underwent genetic testing and were diagnosed as having hereditary leiomyomatosis with renal cell carcinoma.

Results The postoperative pathology in both patients revealed type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma but with different prognosis. The male patient suffered multiple metastasis 10 months post-operation. The metastatic tumour of the abdominal wall was resected to confirm recurrence and hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma was diagnosed by the genetic test. While the female patient had a specific family history and uterine leiomyomas, the genetic test helped us to identify hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma pre-operation. Because of the early diagnosis and timely treatment, the female patient was considered to have a good prognosis.

Conclusion Hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma is a rare hereditary disease resulting from FH gene mutation. There are currently no effective treatments.Our cases demonstrate that hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma is a very aggressive disease. Early screening and surveillance are recommended for patients with a family history or who are at risk of hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma. Surgical and palliative therapy still play an important role in clinical treatment.
Fall für Vier – Umgeknickt
Authors: Graef Frank , Gehlen Tobias , Wilck Andrea , Uecker Tino
Published: September 2020

Frieda Fischer, eine 40-jährige sportliche Frau, erlebt beim Fußballspielen ein Distorsionstrauma des Sprunggelenks. Eine eigentlich leichte Verletzung. Als nach vier Wochen die Schmerzen nicht aufhören, geht sie zu einem Spezialisten, der eine zu operierende Verletzung feststellt, die leicht übersehen werden kann.
Schritt für Schritt entlang der kinetischen Kette
Authors: Geerse Wouter K.
Published: September 2020

Kann ein lang zurückliegendes Sprunggelenktrauma zu rezidivierenden Rückenschmerzen führen? Das Fallbeispiel zeigt: Zumindest kann es einen Einfluss haben, denn erst das Einbeziehen der Sprunggelenkregion in die Therapie macht das Beach-Volleyballspiel wieder zum Vergnügen für die 28-jährige Patientin.
Eine seltene Ursache einer eosinophilen Lungenerkrankung
Authors: Stolpe C. , Tannapfel A.
Published: September 2020

Ein 47-jähriger Patient mit langjährig bekanntem Asthma bronchiale, chronischer Rhinosinusitis und langjähriger Epilepsie stellte sich aufgrund von progredienter Dyspnoe und Abgeschlagenheit in der pneumologischen Praxis vor. In einer thorakalen Röntgenaufnahme und einer nachfolgend durchgeführten thorakalen Computertomografie zeigten sich multiple pulmonale Rundherde.

Eine Bronchoskopie mit bronchoalveolärer Lavage und transbronchialer Biopsie erbrachte den Befund einer eosinophilen Bronchitis und Alveolitis ohne Nachweis maligner Zellen. Nach Einleitung einer immunsuppressiven Therapie mit oralem Prednisolon und Umstellung der antikonvulsiven Therapie von Valproinsäure auf Levetiracetam besserten sich Dyspnoe und Belastbarkeit des Patienten binnen weniger Monate, einhergehend mit einem Regress der pulmonalen Rundherde und der peripheren Eosinophilie.

Eine pulmonale Eosinophilie erfordert eine gründliche differenzialdiagnostische Aufarbeitung. Bei diesem Patienten ist am ehesten von einer eosinophilen Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis auszugehen. In der Literatur finden sich aber auch Fallberichte zu Valproinsäure-induzierten eosinophilen Lungenerkrankungen, sodass auch hier eine Assoziation denkbar ist.
„Mein Ziel ist es, in Tokio die 8,50 m zu springen“ – Interview mit Leichtathlet Markus Rehm
Authors: Ermel Johannes , Rehm Markus
Published: September 2020

Das Aus kam völlig unerwartet. Nach einem Unfall in seiner Jugend hatte Markus Rehm den Sport für sich abgeschrieben. Dass er heute einer der erfolgreichsten Behindertensportler Deutschlands ist, hat viele Gründe.
Insights Into the Controversial Aspects of Adiponectin in
Cardiometabolic Disorders
Authors: Francischetti Emilio Antonio , Dezonne Rômulo Sperduto , Pereira Cláudia Maria , de Moraes Martins Cyro José , Celoria Bruno Miguel Jorge , de Oliveira Patrícia Aguiar Cardoso , de Abreu Virgínia Genelhu
Published: September 2020

In 2016, the World Health Organization estimated that more than 1.9 billion
adults were overweight or obese. This impressive number shows that weight excess
is pandemic. Overweight and obesity are closely associated with a high risk of
comorbidities, such as insulin resistance and its most important outcomes,
including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular
disease. Adiponectin has emerged as a salutary adipocytokine, with
insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective
properties. However, under metabolically unfavorable conditions, visceral
adipose tissue-derived inflammatory cytokines might reduce the transcription of
the adiponectin gene and consequently its circulating levels. Low circulating
levels of adiponectin are negatively associated with various conditions, such as
insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and
cardiovascular disease. In contrast, several recent clinical trials and
meta-analyses have reported high circulating adiponectin levels positively
associated with cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. These results
are biologically intriguing and counterintuitive, and came to be termed
“the adiponectin paradox”. Adiponectin paradox is frequently
associated with adiponectin resistance, a concept related with the
downregulation of adiponectin receptors in insulin-resistant states. We review
this contradiction between the apparent role of adiponectin as a health promoter
and the recent evidence from Mendelian randomization studies indicating that
circulating adiponectin levels are an unexpected predictor of increased
morbidity and mortality rates in several clinical conditions. We also critically
review the therapeutic perspective of synthetic peptide adiponectin receptors
agonist that has been postulated as a promising alternative for the treatment of
metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Arthroscopic Assisted Reconstruction of LT-Ligament: A Description of a New Technique
Authors: Haugstvedt Jan Ragnar , Rigó István Zoltán
Published: September 2020

Background Injuries of the lunotrirquetral ligament (LT lig) could be part of an extensive carpal injury and are then often treated at the time of the injury. However, when an injury of the LT ligament occurs alone, the injury is often missed. Treatment of this injury has traditionally been by open surgery, such as reattachment of the LT ligament, ligament reconstruction, or arthrodesis of the LT joint. These procedures needed a large exposure to the carpus running the risk of damaging the external ligaments, the nerves important for proprioception, and the capsule with the potential of scarring and adhesions.

Materials and Methods We describe a novel arthroscopic assisted technique for reconstruction of the LT ligament. Using this less invasive technique, there is a possible advantage of lesser scarring and faster mobilization.

Results We have performed this technique in two patients with more than 30 months follow-up. They both have great improvement of the functional scores.

Conclusion The novel arthroscopic assisted technique for LT lig reconstruction is a technically demanding procedure; however, this obtains good clinical results with more than 30 months follow-up due to less exposure of the carpus.

Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, case series study.
Investigating the Level of Knowledge of the Community about Oral and Dental Health
Authors: Birant Sinem , Koruyucu Mine , Ozcan Hazal , Ilisulu Ceren , Kasimoglu Yelda , Ustun Nilufer , Kocaaydin Simin , Bektas Dilara , Usta Gulsevim , Akay Tekin Cansu , Bekiroglu Nural , Seymen Figen
Published: September 2020

Objectives This study aimed to determine the knowledge and approaches of the participants about oral and dental health.

Materials and Methods This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey. Participants’ demographic characteristics, tooth brushing habits, selection of toothpaste, and reasons for visiting the dentist were examined in this study. Participants’ knowledge levels of fluoride and their attitudes toward the most common fluoride applications among preventive treatments were also evaluated. Data entry and analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software. Descriptive and inferential statistics and chi-square test were used for analyzes.

Results A total of 2,744 voluntary participants including 1,938 (70.6%) females and 806 (29.4%) males responded; 1,391 (50.7%) participants know the contents of their toothpaste; 1,680 (61.2%) participants point out that fluoride is effective in preventing dental caries. Female participants reported a statistically significant difference in their knowledge of what is fluoride when compared with male participants (p = 0.0001). The knowledge level of participants who had higher levels of education were statistically significantly different when compared with the participants who had lower education levels about fluoride and fluoride applications (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions The results of this study indicate that participants’ attitudes toward oral health and dental care need to be improved.
Fusionskontrolle: Ungelöster Widerspruch
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: September 2020

Es ist ein Dilemma. Während die Krankenhausplaner von den Klinikträgern größere Einheiten und Verbunde sowie Abstimmungen vor Ort fordern, pochen die Kartellwächter auf Wettbewerb. Weil zuletzt mehrere Fusionsvorhaben scheiterten, wird der Ruf nach Änderungen lauter.
Effects of time delay on the synchronized states of globally coupled network
Authors: Nag Mayurakshi , Poria Swarup
Published: September 2020

The effects of the time delay on the stability of different synchronized states of a globally coupled network are investigated. Conditions for the stability of the synchronized fixed points, synchronized periodic orbits, or synchronized chaos in a network of globally coupled chaotic smooth maps over a ring lattice with a homogeneous delay are derived analytically. Our analysis reveals that the stability properties of the synchronized dynamics are significantly different for odd and even time delays. The conditions for the stability of a synchronized fixed point and synchronized period-2 orbits for both odd and even delays are determined analytically. The range of parameter values for the stability of synchronized chaos has been calculated for a unit delay. All theoretical results are illustrated with the help of numerical examples.
Transparent phototransistor with high responsivity, sensitivity, and detectivity from heterojunction metal oxide semiconductors
Authors: Lee Jongchan , Kim Hee-Ok , Pi Jae-Eun , Nam Sooji , Kang Seung-Youl , Kwon Kwang-Ho , Cho Sung Haeng
Published: September 2020

In this work, the high-performance transparent Al:InZnSnO/InZnO/Al:InZnSnO tri-layer thin-film phototransistors are reported. They show a high field-effect mobility of 40.1 cm2/V·s and an excellent high photoresponsivity of 25 000 A/W, a photosensitivity of 3.3 × 107, a specific detectivity of 4.3 × 1017 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 under the illumination at 460 nm with an intensity of 140 μW/cm2. The persistent photoconductivity inherent in phototransistors made of oxide semiconductors overcome by a pulsed gate bias with 1 μs, which accelerates the recombination of photogenerated holes with electrons. This demonstrates that the transparent photosensor array can be integrated monolithically on the display without appreciable loss of transparency for high functionality such as large area image sensor.
Mesoscopic capacitance oscillations due to quantum dynamic coherence in an interacting quantum capacitor
Authors: He Jianhong , Yue Xiaokai , Guo Huazhong
Published: September 2020

We have measured the electrochemical capacitance in a quantum coherent capacitor consisting of a quantum dot connected to an electron reservoir by a gate tunable quantum point contact and Coulomb coupled to a gate. The results show that for a weak transparent channel, the capacitance exhibits sharp Coulomb blockade oscillations with gate voltage related to the oscillations of the dot density of states, which is almost independent of the applied magnetic field. As the transmitting channel becomes more transparent, the capacitance oscillations decrease in magnitude reflecting the broadening of the resonances. Remarkably, we find that the capacitance oscillation persists even for a fully transparent quantum channel. From the magnetic field and temperature dependence, we conclude that such a capacitance oscillation is a mesoscopic coherent effect that arises due to the interference of electrons in a nearly open dot.
Resonant exciton excitation photoluminescence and dynamics in a GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum well with internal electric field
Authors: Kojima Osamu , Kita Takashi , Steer Matthew J. , Hogg Richard A.
Published: September 2020

The stability of excitons with large oscillator strengths at room temperature has been of great significance in device applications. In this paper, we report the effects of the ultrafast dissociation of excitons confined in a quantum well on optical characteristics. The photoluminescence spectra show components of higher energy than the excitation energy and a nonlinear increment of the intensity. Furthermore, the spectrally resolved pump–probe signals at the exciton energies elucidate the change in the exciton position. These results indicate the importance of the exciton stability in optical devices, in particular emission type, including terahertz wave, based on excitons.
Options for shorebird-exclusion devices for pitfall traps on sandy shores
Authors: Evans-Clay M. , Porch N. , Maguire G. S. , Weston M. A.
Published: September 2020

Abstract
ContextPitfall trapping is a standard technique for indexing surface active invertebrates on beaches, and underpins the study of sandy shore ecology. However, pitfall traps may pose a risk to the flightless young of beach-nesting birds, which may fall into such traps and potentially die.
AimThe aim of the present study was to compare the invertebrates captured in standard pitfall traps with those captured in pitfall traps fitted with one of three potential shorebird exclusion devices. Ideally, the traps with exclusion devices would perform similarly to the standard traps (to enable inter-study comparability) and would detect ecological gradients, such as those evident in invertebrate assemblages between the beach and foredune.
MethodsA systematic array was deployed, using 64 pitfall traps of four types: three types with bird-exclusion devices (a mesh cover, a fence around the rim and a low roof); and a standard pitfall trap with no exclusion device. Pitfall traps were stratified across two habitat types (upper beach and foredune) and were simultaneously deployed to control for environmental and other variables.
ResultsEach trap type was broadly comparable in terms of the assemblage of invertebrates recorded, with two exceptions: (1) there was a slightly lower species diversity in mesh than in roofed traps; and (2) the assemblage captured differed between roofed and fenced traps, with the former trapping more isopods and amphipods. No trap type differed from control traps, and all differentiated an ecological gradient between beach and foredune. Thus, any trap design option we tested met our criteria.
Conclusions and implicationsThe present study shows that bird-exclusion devices for pitfall traps need not compromise trap performance, comparability or utility.
National population mapping from sparse survey data: A hierarchical Bayesian modeling framework to account for uncertainty
Authors: Leasure Douglas R. , Jochem Warren C. , Weber Eric M. , Seaman Vincent , Tatem Andrew J.
Published: September 2020

Significance

High-resolution population estimates are essential for government planning, development projects, and public health campaigns, but countries where this information is most needed are often where recent national census data are least available. We present a modeling framework that combines recent neighborhood-scale microcensus surveys with national-scale data from satellite images and digital maps to estimate population sizes for every 100-m grid square nationally. We present a case study from Nigeria where population estimates with national coverage were produced using household survey data from 1,141 locations. This work represents a significant step toward achieving high-resolution population estimates with national coverage from sparse population data while providing reliable estimates of uncertainty at any spatial scale.
Holocene coastal evolution preceded the expansion of paddy field rice farming
Authors: Ma Ting , Rolett Barry V. , Zheng Zhuo , Zong Yongqiang
Published: September 2020

Significance

Our study reveals a remarkable relationship between Late Holocene coastal evolution and the rise of rice agriculture across coastal Asia. Around 2,000 to 3,000 y ago, the emergence of coastal plains under freshwater conditions created expansive areas suitable for rice. We estimate that over the past three millennia the extent of coastal land suitable for wetland rice cultivation grew from about 16,000 km
2
to 96,000 km
2
. Intensive paddy field farming took hold rapidly as coastal landscapes changed. Thus, large-scale rice farming was not established in southern China and Southeast Asia until rather late in the Holocene. This model helps explain ancient DNA evidence suggesting a major Bronze Age demographic expansion of rice farmers of northern East Asian descent.
Emergence of anomalous dynamics in soft matter probed at the European XFEL
Authors: Lehmkühler Felix , Dallari Francesco , Jain Avni , Sikorski Marcin , Möller Johannes , Frenzel Lara , Lokteva Irina , Mills Grant , Walther Michael , Sinn Harald , Schulz Florian , Dartsch Michael , Markmann Verena , Bean Richard , Kim Yoonhee , Vagovic Patrik , Madsen Anders , Mancuso Adrian P. , Grübel Gerhard
Published: September 2020

Significance

The European XFEL is a hard X-ray Free-Electron Laser (FEL) with pulse repetition rates in the megahertz regime. Thus, sample dynamics in the microsecond and submicrosecond regime can be accessed by means of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS). Application of XPCS at FEL sources has been challenged because of the intrinsic fluctuations of FELs and the radiation-induced sample heating and damage. In this work we demonstrate the unprecedented stability of the European XFEL and show the feasibility of microsecond XPCS on a model system. Nonlinear heating on microsecond timescales is observed reaching superheated water states that persist up to 100 μs. Our data indicate a violation of the Stokes–Einstein relation for nanoparticle diffusion at short times.
Regulation of titin-based cardiac stiffness by unfolded domain oxidation (UnDOx)
Authors: Loescher Christine M. , Breitkreuz Martin , Li Yong , Nickel Alexander , Unger Andreas , Dietl Alexander , Schmidt Andreas , Mohamed Belal A. , Kötter Sebastian , Schmitt Joachim P. , Krüger Marcus , Krüger Martina , Toischer Karl , Maack Christoph , Leichert Lars I. , Hamdani Nazha , Linke Wolfgang A.
Published: September 2020

Significance

Titin oxidation alters titin stiffness, which greatly contributes to overall myocardial stiffness. This stiffness is frequently increased in heart disease, such as diastolic heart failure. We have quantified the degree of oxidative titin changes in several murine heart and skeletal muscle models exposed to oxidant stress and mechanical load. Importantly, strain enhances in vivo oxidation of titin in the elastic region, but not the inextensible segment. The functional consequences include oxidation type-dependent effects on cardiomyocyte stiffness, titin-domain folding, phosphorylation, and inter-titin interactions. Thus, oxidative modifications stabilize the titin spring in a dynamic and reversible manner and help propagate changes in titin-based myocardial stiffness. Our findings pave the way for interventions that target the pathological stiffness of titin in disease.
A crucial role for Jagunal homolog 1 in humoral immunity and antibody glycosylation in mice and humans
Authors: Hagelkruys Astrid , Wirnsberger Gerald , Stadlmann Johannes , Wöhner Miriam , Horrer Marion , Vilagos Bojan , Jonsson Gustav , Kogler Melanie , Tortola Luigi , Novatchkova Maria , Bönelt Peter , Hoffmann David , Koglgruber Rubina , Steffen Ulrike , Schett Georg , Busslinger Meinrad , Bergthaler Andreas , Klein Christoph , Penninger Josef M.
Published: September 2020

Jagunal homolog 1 (JAGN1) has been identified as a critical regulator of neutrophil biology in mutant mice and rare-disease patients carrying JAGN1 mutations. Here, we report that Jagn1 deficiency results in alterations in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of antibody-producing cells as well as decreased antibody production and secretion. Consequently, mice lacking Jagn1 in B cells exhibit reduced serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels at steady state and fail to mount an efficient humoral immune response upon immunization with specific antigens or when challenged with viral infections. We also demonstrate that Jagn1 deficiency in B cells results in aberrant IgG N-glycosylation leading to enhanced Fc receptor binding. Jagn1 deficiency in particular affects fucosylation of IgG subtypes in mice as well as rare-disease patients with loss-of-function mutations in JAGN1. Moreover, we show that ER stress affects antibody glycosylation. Our data uncover a novel and key role for JAGN1 and ER stress in antibody glycosylation and humoral immunity in mice and humans.
Effect of interaction between loop bases and ions on stability of G-quadruplex DNA*
Authors: Qiao Han-Zhen , Wu Yuan-Yan , Tu Yusong , Ji Cong-Min
Published: September 2020

G-quadruplexes (GQs) are guanine-rich, non-canonical nucleic acid structures that play fundamental roles in biological processes. The topology of GQs is associated with the sequences and lengths of DNA, the types of linking loops, and the associated metal cations. However, our understanding on the basic physical properties of the formation process and the stability of GQs is rather limited. In this work, we employed ab initio, molecular dynamics (MD), and steered MD (SMD) simulations to study the interaction between loop bases and ions, and the effect on the stability of G-quadruplex DNA, the Drude oscillator model was used in MD and SMD simulations as a computationally efficient manner method for modeling electronic polarization in DNA ion solutions. We observed that the binding energy between DNA bases and ions (K+/Na+) is about the base stacking free energies indicates that there will be a competition among the binding of M+-base, H-bonds between bases, and the base-stacking while ions were bound in loop of GQs. Our SMD simulations indicated that the side loop inclined to form the base stacking while the loop sequence was Thy or Ade, and the cross-link loop upon the G-tetrads was not easy to form the base stacking. The base stacking side loop complex K+ was found to have a good stabilization synergy. Although a stronger interaction was observed to exist between Cyt and K+, such an interaction was unable to promote the stability of the loop with the sequence Cyt.
Double differential cross sections for ionization of H by 75 keV proton impact: Assessing the role of correlated wave functions*
Authors: Fan Jungang , Miao Xiangyang , Jia Xiangfu
Published: September 2020

The effect of final-state dynamic correlation is investigated for ionization of atomic hydrogen by 75-keV proton impact by analyzing double differential cross sections. The final state is represented by a continuum correlated wave (CCW-PT) function which accounts for the interaction between the projectile and the target nucleus (PT interaction). The correlated final state is nonseparable solutions of the wave equation combining the dynamics of the electron motion relative to the target and projectile, satisfying the Redmond’s asymptotic conditions corresponding to long range interactions. The transition matrix is evaluated using the CCW-PT function and the undistorted initial state. Both the correlation effects and the PT interaction are analyzed by the present calculations. The convergence of the continuous correlated final state is examined carefully. Our results are compared with the absolute experimental data measured by Laforge et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett.
103, 053201 (2009)] and Schulz et al. [Phys. Rev. A
81, 052705 (2010)], as well as other theoretical models (especially the results of the latest non perturbation theory). We have shown that the dynamic correlation plays an important role in the ionization of atomic hydrogen by proton impact. While overall agreement between theory and the experimental data is encouraging, detailed agreement is still lacking. However, such an analysis is meaningful because it provides valuable information about the dynamical correlation and PT interaction in the CCW-PT theoretical model.
Tuning thermal transport via phonon localization in nanostructures*
Authors: Ma Dengke , Li Xiuling , Zhang Lifa
Published: September 2020

Localization, one of the basic phenomena for wave transport, has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy to manipulate electronic, photonic, and acoustic properties of materials. Due to the wave nature of phonons, the tuning of thermal properties through phonon localization would also be expected, which is beneficial to many applications such as thermoelectrics, electronics, and phononics. With the development of nanotechnology, nanostructures with characteristic length about ten nanometers can give rise to phonon localization, which has attracted considerable attention in recent years. This review aims to summarize recent advances with theoretical, simulative, and experimental studies toward understanding, prediction, and utilization of phonon localization in disordered nanostructures, focuses on the effect of phonon localization on thermal conductivity. Based on previous researches, perspectives regarding further researches to clarify this hectic-investigated and immature topic and its exact effect on thermal transport are given.
A 9% efficiency of flexible Mo-foil-based Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 solar cells by improving CdS buffer layer and heterojunction interface*
Authors: Sun Quan-Zhen , Jia Hong-Jie , Cheng Shu-Ying , Deng Hui , Yan Qiong , Duan Bi-Wen , Zhang Cai-Xia , Zheng Qiao , Yang Zhi-Yuan , Luo Yan-Hong , Men Qing-Bo , Huang Shu-Juan
Published: September 2020

Flexible Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells show great potential applications due to low-cost, nontoxicity, and stability. The device performances under an especial open circuit voltage (V
OC) are limited by the defect recombination of CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction interface. We improve the deposition technique to obtain compact CdS layers without any pinholes for flexible CZTSSe solar cells on Mo foils. The efficiency of the device is improved from 5.7% to 6.86% by highquality junction interface. Furthermore, aiming at the S loss of CdS film, the S source concentration in deposition process is investigated to passivate the defects and improve the CdS film quality. The flexible Mo-foil-based CZTSSe solar cells are obtained to possess a 9.05% efficiency with a V
OC of 0.44 V at an optimized S source concentration of 0.68 mol/L. Systematic physical measurements indicate that the S source control can effectively suppress the interface recombination and reduce the V
OC deficit. For the CZTSSe device bending characteristics, the device efficiency is almost constant after 1000 bends, manifesting that the CZTSSe device has an excellent mechanical flexibility. The effective improvement strategy of CdS deposition is expected to provide a new perspective for promoting the conversion efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells.
Investigation of fluorescence resonance energy transfer ultrafast dynamics in electrostatically repulsed and attracted exciton–plasmon systems*
Authors: Tu Hong-Yu , Cheng Ji-Chao , Pan Gen-Cai , Han Lu , Duan Bin , Wang Hai-Yu , Chen Qi-Dai , Xu Shu-Ping , Dai Zhen-Wen , Pan Ling-Yun
Published: September 2020

Following the gradual maturation of synthetic techniques for nanomaterials, exciton–plasmon composites have become a research hot-spot due to their controllable energy transfer through electromagnetic fields on the nanoscale. However, most reports ignore fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) under electrostatic repulsion conditions. In this study, the FRET process is investigated in both electrostatic attraction and electrostatic repulsion systems. By changing the Au : quantum dot ratio, local-field induced FRET can be observed with a lifetime of ns and a fast component of hundreds of ps. These results indicate that the intrinsic transfer process can only elucidated by considering both steady and transient state information.