bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of limb amputation and cisplatin chemotherapy on metastatic progression in mouse models of osteosarcoma
Authors: Ren L. , Huang S. , Beck J. , LeBlanc Amy K.
Published: December 2021

Development of animal models that accurately recapitulate human cancer is an ongoing challenge. This is particularly relevant in the study of osteosarcoma (OS), a highly malignant bone tumor diagnosed in approximately 1000 pediatric/adolescent patients each year. Metastasis is the leading cause of patient death underscoring the need for relevant animal models of metastatic OS. In this study, we describe how existing OS mouse models can be interrogated in a time-course context to determine the kinetics of spontaneous metastasis from an orthotopically implanted primary tumor. We evaluated four highly metastatic OS cell lines (3 human, 1 mouse) to establish a timeline for metastatic progression in immune deficient NSG mice. To discern the effects of therapy on tumor development and metastasis in these models, we investigated cisplatin therapy and surgical limb amputation at early and late timepoints. These data help define the appropriate observational periods for studies of metastatic progression in OS and further our understanding of existing mouse models. Efforts to advance the study of metastatic OS are critical for facilitating the identification of novel therapeutics and for improving patient survival.
Three-dimensional imaging mass cytometry for highly multiplexed molecular and cellular mapping of tissues and the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Kuett Laura , Catena Raúl , Özcan Alaz , Plüss Alex ,   Cancer Grand Challenges IMAXT Consortium, Ali H. R. , Sa’d M. Al , Alon S. , Aparicio S. , Battistoni G. , Balasubramanian S. , Becker R. , Bodenmiller B. , Boyden E. S. , Bressan D. , Bruna A. , Burger Marcel , Caldas C. , Callari M. , Cannell I. G. , Casbolt H. , Chornay N. , Cui Y. , Dariush A. , Dinh K. , Emenari A. , Eyal-Lubling Y. , Fan J. , Fatemi A. , Fisher E. , González-Solares E. A. , González-Fernández C. , Goodwin D. , Greenwood W. , Grimaldi F. , Hannon G. J. , Harris S. , Jauset C. , Joyce J. A. , Karagiannis E. D. , Kovačević T. , Kuett L. , Kunes R. , Yoldaş A. Küpcü , Lai D. , Laks E. , Lee H. , Lee M. , Lerda G. , Li Y. , McPherson A. , Millar N. , Mulvey C. M. , Nugent I. , O’Flanagan C. H. , Paez-Ribes M. , Pearsall I. , Qosaj F. , Roth A. J. , Rueda O. M. , Ruiz T. , Sawicka K. , Sepúlveda L. A. , Shah S. P. , Shea A. , Sinha A. , Smith A. , Tavaré S. , Tietscher S. , Vázquez-García I. , Vogl S. L. , Walton N. A. , Wassie A. T. , Watson S. S. , Weselak J. , Wild S. A. , Williams E. , Windhager J. , Xia C. , Zheng P. , Zhuang X. , Schraml Peter , Moch Holger , de Souza Natalie , Bodenmiller Bernd
Published: December 2021

A holistic understanding of tissue and organ structure and function requires the detection of molecular constituents in their original three-dimensional (3D) context. Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) enables simultaneous detection of up to 40 antigens and transcripts using metal-tagged antibodies but has so far been restricted to two-dimensional imaging. Here we report the development of 3D IMC for multiplexed 3D tissue analysis at single-cell resolution and demonstrate the utility of the technology by analysis of human breast cancer samples. The resulting 3D models reveal cellular and microenvironmental heterogeneity and cell-level tissue organization not detectable in two dimensions. 3D IMC will prove powerful in the study of phenomena occurring in 3D space such as tumor cell invasion and is expected to provide invaluable insights into cellular microenvironments and tissue architecture.
ROS-responsive dexamethasone micelles normalize the tumor microenvironment enhancing hypericin in cancer photodynamic therapy
Authors: Liang Ruifeng , Wong Ka Hong , Yang Yan , Duan Yourong , Chen Meiwan
Published: December 2021

HDTM delivered DXM and HYP for cancer therapy. DXM first normalized the TME and HYP was employed for photodynamic therapy.
Electrophilic and nucleophilic displacement reactions at the bridgehead borons of tris(pyridyl)borate scorpionate complexes
Authors: Goura Joydeb , McQuade James , Shimoyama Daisuke , Lalancette Roger A. , Sheridan John B. , Jäkle Frieder
Published: December 2021

A ruthenium tris(pyridyl)borate complex is subjected to electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions at the bridgehead borons. These transformations allow for facile tuning of the properties and open up new pathways to functional scorpionate complexes.
An umpolung strategy for rapid access to thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials based on phenazine
Authors: Zhang Huaxing , Guo Qiang , Cheng Hu , Ran Chunhao , Wu Di , Lan Jingbo
Published: December 2021

Ag(I)-promoted regioselective intramolecular radical nucleophilic addition/rearrangement of 2-aryl diazaboroles has been accomplished to construct phenazine structures, which is an umpolung strategy based on the classical electrophilic mechanism.
Degradation mechanism of 2-fluoropropene by Cl atoms: experimental and theoretical products distribution studies
Authors: Rivela Cynthia B. , L. Cardona Alejandro , Blanco María B. , Barnes Ian , Kieninger Martina , Ventura Oscar N. , Teruel Mariano A.
Published: December 2021

Gas-phase reaction products of 2-fluoropropene with Cl atoms have been determined for the first time at 298 K and atmospheric pressure using a 1080 L quartz-glass photoreactor coupled within situFTIR spectroscopy to monitor reactants and products.
Gas-phase thermochemistry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: an approach integrating the quantum chemistry composite scheme and reaction generator
Authors: Minenkova Irina , Otlyotov Arseniy A. , Cavallo Luigi , Minenkov Yury
Published: December 2021

A protocol aimed at reducing the dependence of the calculated gas-phase enthalpies of formation on a particular chemical reaction is introduced. It is further utilized to predict the gas-phase thermochemistry of 113 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
A rational design of NixCoyP@C cocatalyst for enhanced overall water splitting based on g-C3N4photocatalyst — the synergy of carbon-shell modification and bimetal modulation
Authors: Zhang Tingfeng , Lan Xuefang , Wang Lili , Shi Jinsheng , Xiao Kefeng
Published: December 2021

Enhanced photocatalytic H2evolution by bimetal cocatalyst of NiCoP@C.
Solution-phase decomposition of ferrocene into wüstite-iron oxide core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Loedolff Matthys J. , Fuller Rebecca O. , Nealon Gareth L. , Saunders Martin , Spackman Mark A. , Koutsantonis George A.
Published: December 2021

FeO core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) are obtained by thermal decomposition of Cp2Fe in 1-octadecene and oleic acid and oleylamine. Cubic and spherical NPs are obtained whose size and shape can be controlled through adjusting reaction parameters.
Highly efficient tandem luminescent solar concentrators based on eco-friendly copper iodide based hybrid nanoparticles and carbon dots
Authors: Chen Jiancang , Zhao Haiguang , Li Zhilin , Zhao Xiujian , Gong Xiao
Published: December 2021

Cu4I6(pr-ted)2 nanoparticles and carbon dots with ultra-high photoluminescence quantum yields are used as luminophores to fabricate highly efficient tandem luminescent solar concentrators.
Fate of influent microbial populations during medium chain carboxylic acid recovery from brewery and pre-fermented food waste streams
Authors: Shrestha Shilva , Colcord Brittany , Fonoll Xavier , Raskin Lutgarde
Published: December 2021

Waste streams continuously introduce active and inactive microbial populations that can influence assembly of microbial communities in chain elongation systems.
Exploring the carbon and nitrogen removal capacity of a membrane aerated biofilm reactor for low-strength municipal wastewater treatment
Authors: Zhang Li-Qiu , Jiang Xing , Rong Hong-Wei , Wei Chun-Hai , Luo Min , Ma Wen-Chao , Ng How-Yong
Published: December 2021

Sustainable HRT of 3–4 h achieved for MABR effluent with carbon and nitrogen meeting the discharge standard of level I class A in China for synthetic municipal wastewater treatment.
Sustainably closed loop recycling of hierarchically porous polymer microbeads for efficient removal of cationic dyes
Authors: Li Jikang , Yang Qin , Chen Sheng , McPhedran Kerry , Gu Yingchun , Huang Rongfu , Yan Bin
Published: December 2021

Herein, we designed and fabricated a hierarchically porous crosslinked polymeric microbead (PCP) with high density of functional groups for selective adsorption of cationic dyes from water.
Development of a water refractive index-matched microneedle integrated into a light sheet microscopy system for continuous embryonic cell imaging
Authors: Fan Yu-Jui , Hsieh Han-Yun , Huang Yen-Ru , Tsao Chieh , Lee Chia-Ming , Tahara Hidetoshi , Wu Yi-Chun , Sheen Horn-Jiunn , Chen Bi-Chang
Published: December 2021

Leveraging advances in microfluidics and light sheet imaging technology. We developed a water refractive index-matched microneedle to catch embryos for live imaging.
Perpendicular-spin-transfer-torque magnetic-tunnel-junction neuron for spiking neural networks depending on the nanoscale grain size of the MgO tunnelling barrier
Authors: Baek Jong-Ung , Choi Jin-Young , Kim Dong-Won , Kim Ji-Chan , Jun Han-Sol , Woo Dae-Seong , Yi Woo-Seok , Choi Yo-Han , Seo Hyung-Tak , Kim Jae-Joon , Park Jea-Gun
Published: December 2021

The perpendicular-spin-transfer-torque magnetic-tunnel-junction neuron exhibited integrate behaviour depending on the nanoscale grain size of the MgO tunnelling barrier showing possibility for spiking neural network applications.
Bioinspired nanoscale hierarchical pillars for extreme superhydrophobicity and wide angular transmittance
Authors: Lee Cheonji , Ji Seungmuk , Oh Sunjong , Park Seungchul , Jung Youngdo , Lee Jinkee , Lim Hyuneui
Published: December 2021

Tailored nanohierarchical pillars on glass surface via multistep colloidal lithography exhibit extreme superhydrophobicity and wide angular transmittance. Nonwetting excellency of hierarchy is evaluated with bouncing number and effective slip length.
Green ammonia synthesis using CeO2/RuO2 nanolayers on vertical graphene catalyst via electrochemical route in alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Ju HyungKuk , Seo Dong Han , Chung Sunki , Mao Xin , An Byeong-Seon , Musameh Mustafa , Gengenbach Thomas R. , Shon Hokyong , Du Aijun , Bendavid Avi , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Yoon Hyung Chul , Lee Jaeyoung , Giddey Sarbjit
Published: December 2021

The electrochemical synthesis of ammonia using nanolayered catalyst of RuO2 and CeO2 on a 3D-Graphene support at an ambient condition, demonstrates excellent NRR activity with long-term stability.
Recent developments in the utility of saturated azaheterocycles in peptidomimetics
Authors: Singh Manish K. , Lakshman Mahesh K.
Published: December 2021

This review summarizes applications of 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-membered azaheterocycles as tools to introduce conformational restrictions in the design of peptidomimetics.
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed cascade C–H functionalization/annulation of sulfoximines with iodonium ylides for the synthesis of cyclohexanone-1,2-benzothiazines
Authors: Chen Lu , Wang Zhichao , Wang Yangyang , Hao Liqiang , Xu Xiaobo , Wu Gaorong , Ji Yafei
Published: December 2021

A highly efficient Rh(iii)-catalyzed cascade C–H activation/annulation of sulfoximines with iodonium ylides under metal-oxidant-free conditions has been reported.
Silver salt enabled H/D exchange at the β-position of thiophene rings: synthesis of fully deuterated thiophene derivatives
Authors: Sheng Fei-Fei , Li En-Ci , Bai Jing-Wen , Wang Cai-Xia , Hu Guang-Qi , Liu Kai-Hui , Sun Zheng-Yi , Shen Kang , Zhang Hong-Hai
Published: December 2021

We disclose a silver catalyzed H/D exchange reaction, which can introduce the deuterium atom at the β position of thiophene rings without the assistance of any coordinating groups.
Boosting selective H2 sensing of ZnO derived from ZIF-8 by rGO functionalization
Authors: Zhou Shiyu , Ji Jiapeng , Qiu Tong , Wang Liguang , Ni Wenbin , Li Sheng , Yan Wenjun , Ling Min , Liang Chengdu
Published: December 2021

H2 sensors have attracted considerable attention for safety warning of traditional industries and energy storing systems. This ZnO/rGO composite demonstrated excellent H2 sensing performances, good baseline stability and excellent selectivity.
All-weather-available electrothermal and solar–thermal wood-derived porous carbon-based steam generators for highly efficient water purification
Authors: Wu Jing , Li Xiaofeng , Zhang Tingting , Li Xiao-Peng , Li Wei , Yu Zhong-Zhen
Published: December 2021

A solar–thermal and electrothermal wood-derived water evaporator is designed for all-weather-available steam generation, achieving an exceptional evaporation rate of 11.73 kg m−2 h−1 under 1-sun irradiation with a voltage of 6 V.
Carboxylation of sodium arylsulfinates with CO2 over mesoporous K-Cu-20TiO2
Authors: Chen Yanjiao , Dai Xuan , Zhang Wenwei , Wu Tao , Chen Lei , Peng Xinhua
Published: December 2021

A mesoporous ternary metal oxide (K-Cu-20TiO2) from a simple sol–gel method was prepared to catalyze heterogeneously the carboxylation reaction of various sodium arylsulfinates under atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Sustainable production of curable maltodextrin-based electrospun microfibers
Authors: Cecone Claudio , Hoti Gjylije , Zanetti Marco , Trotta Francesco , Bracco Pierangiola
Published: December 2021

This paper reports a sustainable approach to obtain thermally curable bio-based microfibrous mats from the electrospinning of water solutions containing commercial maltodextrins and citric acid.
Electrochemical sensor based on screen printed carbon electrode–zinc oxide nano particles/molecularly imprinted-polymer (SPCE–ZnONPs/MIP) for detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
Authors: Faradilla Putri , Setiyanto Henry , Manurung Robeth Viktoria , Saraswaty Vienna
Published: December 2021

The foremost objective of this work is to prepare a novel electrochemical sensor-based screen-printed carbon electrode made of zinc oxide nanoparticles/molecularly imprinted polymer (SPCE–ZnONPs/MIP) and investigate its characteristics to detect sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).
Phthalide-containing poly(ether-imide)s based thermal rearrangement membranes for gas separation application
Authors: He Lei , Lu Yunhua , Xiao Guoyong , Hou Mengjie , Chi Haijun , Wang Tonghua
Published: December 2021

The 3,3-bis[4-(3-hydroxy-4-amino-phenoxy)phenyl]phthalide was firstly synthesized and polymerized to prepare six kinds of phthalide-containing poly(ether imide)s. After further thermal rearrangement, the corresponding membranes exhibited excellent gas separation performance.
Study on the extraction of lanthanides by isomeric diglycolamide extractants: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Liu Yaoyang , Zhao Chuang , Liu Zhibin , Liu Sheng , Zhou Yu , Jiao Caishan , Zhang Meng , Gao Yang , He Hui , Zhang Shaowen
Published: December 2021

The ‘imbalance’ of the coordination ability of the two Oamide affects the extraction performance by experimental and theoretical study.
Effect of the cross-linker length of thiophene units on photocatalytic hydrogen production of triazine-based conjugated microporous polymers
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhang Yan , Dong YunYun , Zhao Jinsheng , Ming Shouli , Zhang Junhong
Published: December 2021

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been investigated in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production because of their extended π-conjugation, tunable chemical structure and excellent thermal stability.
Structural effect of Ni/TiO2 on CO methanation: improved activity and enhanced stability
Authors: Zhang Jie , Jia Xinyu , Liu Chang-jun
Published: December 2021

Highly dispersed Ni/TiO2 catalyst with Ni (111) obtained by cold plasma decomposition shows improved activity and carbon resistance for CO methanation.
Fluorescent probe for the detection of hypochlorous acid in water samples and cell models
Authors: Hu Wandi , Zhao Mei , Gu Keyi , Xie Lianwu , Liu Mei , Lu Danqing
Published: December 2021

A new fluorescence probe was successfully applied to test strips and imaging analysis of exogenous and endogenous hypochlorite in living cells.
Turning CO/CO2-containing industrial process gas into valuable building blocks for the polyurethane industry
Authors: Machat Martin R. , Marbach Jakob , Schumacher Hannah , Raju Suresh , Lansing Markus , Over Lena C. , Adler Liv , Langanke Jens , Wolf Aurel , Leitner Walter , Gürtler Christoph
Published: December 2021

Provided is a concept of how the carbon content of CO/CO2-containing blast furnace gas (BFG) from steel production could be utilized in a sequence of selective chemical conversion steps to produce high value intermediates for the polymer industry.
Non-metal boron atoms on a CuB12 monolayer as efficient catalytic sites for urea production
Authors: Zhu Changyan , Wen Chaoxia , Wang Miao , Zhang Min , Geng Yun , Su Zhongmin
Published: December 2021

Non-metal B atoms at the midpoint of the edges of the squares is confirmed to be the excellent catalytic sites on CuB12 monolayer presents superior catalytic activity thermodynamically and kinetically than the reported urea catalysts.
Amorphization engineered VSe2−x nanosheets with abundant Se-vacancies for enhanced N2 electroreduction
Authors: Luo Yaojing , Li Qingqing , Tian Ye , Liu Yaping , Chu Ke
Published: December 2021

Amorphous VSe2−x nanosheets with abundant Se-vacancies (VSe) showed dramatically enhanced NRR activity and selectivity, attributed to the amorphization-triggered Se-vacancies that promote the NRR and impeding the H2 evolution.
Highly conjugated three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with enhanced Li-ion conductivity as solid-state electrolytes for high-performance lithium metal batteries
Authors: Wang Shi , Li Xiangchun , Cheng Tao , Liu Yuanyuan , Li Qiange , Bai Minglei , Liu Xu , Geng Haigang , Lai Wen-Yong , Huang Wei
Published: December 2021

An effective strategy to explore the potential of three-dimensional (3D) COFs with well-designed ion channels for fast transport of Li+ is developed.
Conjugated polymers with controllable interfacial order and energetics enable tunable heterojunctions in organic and colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics
Authors: Zhong Yufei , Kirmani Ahmad R. , Lan Xinzheng , Carpenter Joshua , Rong-Hui Chew Annabel , Awartani Omar , Yu Liyang , Niazi Muhammad R. , Voznyy Oleksandr , Hu Hanlin , Ngongang Ndjawa Guy Olivier , Tietze Max L. , Salleo Alberto , Ade Harald , Sargent Edward H. , Amassian Aram
Published: December 2021

Top and bottom surfaces of polymer films are used to construct interfaces in heterojunction based devices, affecting device figure of merit significantly with their different aggregation states.
A highly sensitive and ultra-stretchable zwitterionic liquid hydrogel-based sensor as anti-freezing ionic skin
Authors: Zhang Yabin , Li Tianyu , Miao Luyang , Kaur Prabhleen , Men Shaojie , Wang Qiong , Gong Xin , Fang Yuelin , Zhai Congcong , Zhang Shuxiang , Zhang Luqing , Ye Lei
Published: December 2021

Soft conductors show great promise in multifunctional sensor applications.
Ce stabilized Ni–SrO as a catalytic phase transition sorbent for integrated CO2 capture and CH4 reforming
Authors: Gu Haiming , Gao Yunfei , Iftikhar Sherafghan , Li Fanxing
Published: December 2021

Ce stabilized Ni–SrO was proposed as a bifunctional catalyst-sorbent. CeO2 promoted a complex carbonation/decarbonation pathway to solve the sorbent stability challenges and facilitated syngas generation with tunable compositions.
Eu2+ emission from thermally coupled levels – new frontiers for ultrasensitive luminescence thermometry
Authors: Sójka Małgorzata , Runowski Marcin , Zheng Teng , Shyichuk Andrii , Kulesza Dagmara , Zych Eugeniusz , Lis Stefan
Published: December 2021

A new strategy for noninvasive temperature probing, applying the temperature-induced configuration crossover between the thermally-coupled 6P7/2 and 5d1 levels of Eu2+ is presented.
AZn2(BO3)Si2O5 (A = Rb, Cs): first examples of KBe2BO3F2 structure type in the borosilicate family exhibiting a deep-ultraviolet cutoff edge
Authors: Baiheti Tuohetijiang , Tudi Abudukadi , Han Jian , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie
Published: December 2021

AZn2(BO3)Si2O5 (A = Rb, Cs): First Examples of KBe2BO3F2 Structure Derivative in the Borosilicate, and they Features Short Cutoff Edge Down to 190 nm.
Research on optimal scheduling decision of multi‐microgrids based on cloud energy storage
Authors: Wang Yujie , Yang Junjie , Jiang Wei , Sui Zhicheng , Chen Ting
Published: December 2021

In microgrids, energy storage systems (ESS) can mitigate the intermittency and uncertainty associated with large amounts of renewable energy connected to the grid. Cloud energy storage (CES) is a solution proposed by scholars over the last two years. It provides energy storage and trading services that can alleviate high investment costs and small‐scale wind and light abandonment problems. However, large‐scale energy mutualisation and fine scheduling of energy become significant challenges for further development. This study proposes a CES scheduling architecture based on multi‐microgrids. CES extends the scope of power trading from a single microgrid to multi‐microgrids, with the microgrid capable of interacting with neighbouring microgrids for power and reducing the transmission pressure on the larger grid. In addition, this study defines the game strategy for power trading between cloud storage operators, considering the reduction in electricity costs due to dishonest behaviour by users. The simulation results indicate that the proposed dispatching architecture and strategy can effectively improve the consumption rate of new energy sources, mitigate grid fluctuations, and further reduce electricity costs for users while also being resilient to dishonest user behaviour.
J-PLUS: Support vector machine applied to STAR-GALAXY-QSO classification
Authors: Wang C. , Bai Y. , López-Sanjuan C. , Yuan H. , Wang S. , Liu J. , Sobral D. , Baqui P. O. , Martín E. L. , Andres Galarza C. , Alcaniz J. , Angulo R. E. , Cenarro A. J. , Cristóbal-Hornillos D. , Dupke R. A. , Ederoclite A. , Hernández-Monteagudo C. , Marín-Franch A. , Moles M. , Sodré L. , Vázquez Ramió H. , Varela J.
Published: December 2021

Context.In modern astronomy, machine learning has proved to be efficient and effective in mining big data from the newest telescopes.

Aims.In this study, we construct a supervised machine-learning algorithm to classify the objects in the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey first data release (J-PLUS DR1).

Methods.The sample set is featured with 12-waveband photometry and labeled with spectrum-based catalogs, including Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic data, the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, and VERONCAT – the Veron Catalog of Quasars & AGN. The performance of the classifier is presented with the applications of blind test validations based on RAdial Velocity Extension, theKeplerInput Catalog, the Two Micron All Sky Survey Redshift Survey, and the UV-bright Quasar Survey. A new algorithm was applied to constrain the potential extrapolation that could decrease the performance of the machine-learning classifier.

Results.The accuracies of the classifier are 96.5% in the blind test and 97.0% in training cross-validation. TheF1-scores for each class are presented to show the balance between the precision and the recall of the classifier. We also discuss different methods to constrain the potential extrapolation.
Detections of inflowing gas from narrow absorption lines at parsec scales
Authors: Chen Zhi-Fu , Gu Minfeng , He Zhicheng , Bu Defu , Guo Fulai , Gu Qiusheng , Qin Yiping
Published: December 2021

The detection of inflows at the scale of the dusty torus and smaller is crucial for investigating the process of supermassive black hole (SMBH) accretion. However, only a few cases of inflowing gas at small scales have been reported through redshifted broad absorption lines so far. Here we report nine redshifted narrow absorption lines (NALs) of Mg+ions with inflowing speeds of 1071–1979 km s−1, which are likely along the directions close to the axes of accretion disks. The quasars showing inflowing Mg IINALs have, on average, slightly smaller Eddington ratios than the sources with outflowing Mg IINALs. The upper limits on the locations of the detected NALs are at parsec scale, that is, the distance from dusty tori to their central SMBHs. One possible origin of these infalling NALs is from dusty tori. However, these infalling NALs could also be naturally explained by chaotic cold accretion resulting from the nonlinear interaction of active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets with the interstellar medium (ISM), and these cold gaseous blobs may originally precipitate in metal-rich trailing outflows uplifted by AGN jet ejecta. The infalling NALs may therefore provide direct evidence for cold gas precipitation and accretion in AGN feedback processes, and provide direct evidence of inflowing gas along the directions close to quasar jets and at parsec scale. Regardless of whether these infalling NALs are from the dusty tori or the interaction of AGN jets with the ISM, the infalling NALs cannot provide sufficient fuel to power the quasars.
Cross-site investigation on head-related and headphone transfer functions: variabilities in relation to loudness balancing
Authors: Kohnen Michael , Denk Florian , Llorca-Bofi Josep , Kollmeier Birger , Vorländer Michael
Published: December 2021

Headphone transfer function (HpTF) and head-related transfer function (HRTF) measurements are crucial in acoustic science and in binaural virtual acoustic applications. Yet, their measurement set-up, procedure or post-processing is different for nearly every lab, especially for the HRTF measurements. To compare findings between different labs, these measurement deviations have to be quantified alongside with their influence on perceptual aspects. In the scope of a cross-site investigation on loudness balancing between headphone and loudspeaker listening, a set of HpTFs with three different headphones (open, closed, insert earphones) and HRTF close to the eardrum were measured in 14 participants travelling to two different measurement sites at Aachen and Oldenburg. Though set-ups for measuring the HRTF are very different between sites, the gathered HRTFs are quite consistent across them. For the measured HpTFs, across sites the open headphones consistently yield a slightly lower variability in the range from 70 to 5000 Hz than the closed one while the insert earphones exhibit much higher variabilities and a limited range of reproducible results. The difference in loudness balancing across labs could well be predicted by site-specific systematic differences in HpTFs with the exception of 1 kHz narrowband stimulus. This clearly indicates the limits in comparability of HpTFs and loudness balancing across labs and the importance of using headphones with high repeatability like the open ones used in this investigation.
Decision making in auditory externalization perception: model predictions for static conditions
Authors: Baumgartner Robert , Majdak Piotr
Published: December 2021

Under natural conditions, listeners perceptually attribute sounds to external objects in their environment. This core function of perceptual inference is often distorted when sounds are produced via hearing devices such as headphones or hearing aids, resulting in sources being perceived unrealistically close or even inside the head. Psychoacoustic studies suggest a mixed role of various monaural and interaural cues contributing to the externalization process. We developed a model framework for perceptual externalization able to probe the contribution of cue-specific expectation errors and to contrast dynamic versus static strategies for combining those errors within static listening environments. Effects of reverberation and visual information were not considered. The model was applied to various acoustic distortions as tested under various spatially static conditions in five previous experiments. Most accurate predictions were obtained for the combination of monaural and interaural spectral cues with a fixed relative weighting (approximately 60% of monaural and 40% of interaural). That model version was able to reproduce the externalization rating of the five experiments with an average error of 12% (relative to the full rating scale). Further, our results suggest that auditory externalization in spatially static listening situations underlies a fixed weighting of monaural and interaural spectral cues, rather than a dynamic selection of those auditory cues.
Tone detection thresholds in interaurally delayed noise of different bandwidths
Authors: Dietz Mathias , Encke Jörg , Bracklo Kristin I , Ewert Stephan D
Published: December 2021

Differences between the interaural phase of a noise and a target tone improve detection thresholds. The maximum masking release is obtained for detecting an antiphasic tone (Sπ) in diotic noise (N0). It has been shown in several studies that this beneﬁt gradually declines as an interaural time delay (ITD) is applied to the noise. This decline has been attributed to the reduced interaural coherence of the noise. Here, we report detection thresholds for a 500 Hz tone in masking noise with ITDs up to 8 ms and bandwidths from 25 to 1000 Hz. Reducing the noise bandwidth from 100 to 50 and 25 Hz increased the masking release for 8-ms ITD, as expected for increasing temporal coherence with decreasing bandwidth. For bandwidths of 100–1000 Hz no significant difference in masking release was observed. Detection thresholds with these wider-band noises had an ITD dependence that is fully described by the temporal coherence imposed by the typical monaurally determined auditory-filter bandwidth. A binaural model based on interaural phase-difference fluctuations accounts for the data without using delay lines.
Chondrosarcoma of the Nasal Septum—A Rare Subsite: Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Pandey Awadhesh Kumar , Dimri Kislay , Singhal Surinder K , Rathee Neeraj , Naryal Shalu , Sharma Pooja , Upadhyay Amitabh Kumar
Published: December 2021

Chondrosarcomas are the second most common primary malignant bone tumors. Head and neck chondrosarcomas constitute less than 10% of these tumors, rarely arising from the nasal septum. These are locally aggressive malignant tumors arising from the cartilaginous framework of the nasal septum. Rarity of the tumor coupled with nonspecific symptoms makes it a diagnostic dilemma. Diagnosis requires endoscopy, radiology, and final histopathology for confirmation. Treatment is mainly surgical, requiring complete surgical excision with clear margins. Radiation has a role in unresectable tumors or for tumors with positive margins after surgery. Survival depends on the grade of tumor that predicts the metastatic potential of the tumor. We present a rare case of chondrosarcoma arising from the nasal septum in a 29-year-old young female presenting with complaints of nasal obstruction. Computed tomography was suggestive of a calcified cartilaginous tumor arising from the nasal septum. Endoscopic excision was done and postoperative histopathology showed grade II chondrosarcoma with clear margins. No adjuvant treatment was given to our patient and 2 years post-excision patient is disease free.

To conclude, chondrosarcoma of the nasal septum is a rare tumor, with nonspecific symptoms. Surgery with clear margins remains the treatment of choice. Prognosis depends on the extent of tumor at presentation, resection margins, and grade of tumor.
3Shape Digital Design Software in Splints Creation—A Pilot Study
Authors: Shopova Dobromira , Yordanova Miroslava , Yordanova Svetlana
Published: December 2021

Objectives Digital technologies have widened their horizons into the world of dental medicine and now further expanding to cover all branches. This new modern technology replaces traditional laboratory techniques allowing effective patient care. Patients who suffer from bruxism—the act of involuntary habitual grinding of teeth—have widely been benefited by splint treatments. The aim of this article is to display the variety of occlusal splints that can be created by the 3Shape Digital Design Software and their application in specific clinical situations.

Materials and Methods Six variations in the splints were created digitally—three with uncombined designs and the remaining three with a combination of two of the main options available. During this study, 36 splints were made for patients aged 24 to 55 inclusively.

Results The largest number of splints according to the clinical picture were made of “raise to antagonist cusp tips” (14 pieces) and the remaining were of combined type “raise to antagonist cusp tips + raise to antagonist plane” (12 pieces). There thickness was within the range of 1.5 and 5 mm.

Conclusion 3Shape Digital Design Software—Splint Studio is a suitable system for designing and creating occlusal splints with respect to certain clinical situations. It is possible to combine the three main types in a separate section of the dental arch according to the case.
Frameshift Variant in ARID2 in a Chilean Individual with Coffin–Siris Syndrome Phenotype
Authors: Martin Merlez Fernanda , González Zalazar María , Castillo Taucher Silvia
Published: December 2021

Coffin–Siris syndrome (CSS) is one of the several causes of intellectual disability (ID) and, since its first description, has posed diagnostic challenges given its variability and phenotypic overlap with other alterations of chromatin-remodeling-associated syndromes. It is genetically heterogeneous, and causative mutations are detected in less than 70% of cases. The different subtypes of the syndrome described to date are caused by mutations in genes that encode subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, which plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression during embryogenesis. Whole exome sequencing (WES) has allowed the identification of pathogenic mutations in these genes, including ARID2. ARID2 is one of the primary components of the SWI/SNF complex and has been associated with ID and phenotypes similar to CSS for the first time in 2015. Fifteen published case reports have identified loss-of-function mutations, suggesting that the underlying pathogenic disease mechanism is haploinsufficiency of ARID2.

We herein presented the case of an 8-year-old Chilean girl with clinical suspicion of CSS, in whom a novel frameshift variant in ARID2 was identified by WES. She was the first reported case in Latin America to our knowledge and her phenotype displays the main clinical features suggestive of CSS described in other patients with ARID2 variants. However, she did not present behavioral abnormalities, a characteristic frequently reported in the majority of patients with ARID2 variants, and also had some features, such as sparse scalp hair, which is frequently reported as a manifestation of CSS, but is uncommon in this new group of patients.
Frozen Elephant Trunk Technique to Treat Extensive Thoracic Aortic Mural Thrombus
Authors: Panfilov Dmitri S. , Kozlov Boris N.
Published: December 2021

We describe a case report of a 63-year-old man who presented with chronic left-hand weakness and the absence of a pulse in the left arm. Thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed an extensive thoracic aortic mural thrombus. Initial anticoagulation therapy did not provide a positive result, so the patient was referred for surgery. Hybrid aortic arch surgery using the frozen elephant trunk technique was performed with excellent early outcomes. A CT performed in the early postoperative period showed that the thrombus was completely excluded from the aortic lumen by the hybrid graft. No thrombus dislodgment was detected. No thrombus recurrence was observed during 19 months of follow-up.
Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Total Knee Arthroplasty in Sarcopenia: A Case–Control Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: He Zili , Cai Jie , Wang Xingyu , Lu Di
Published: December 2021

Background The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and both clinical and functional outcome scores following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed for patients over 65 years of age.

Methods We assessed patient demographics, preoperative health status, postoperative Knee Society Clinical (KSS-C) and Function (KSS-F) subscores, and perioperative complications for 180 patients with sarcopenia and 345 comparatively healthy patients at a mean of 12.0 months after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to define whether sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for lower KSS-F and KSS-C subscores and peroperative complication rates. Patients with sarcopenia had lower mean body mass index, preoperative albumin, and preoperative hemoglobin levels (p < 0.01).

Results Compared with the healthy control group, patients with sarcopenia had lower KSS-C (83.0 vs. 88.2, p < 0.01) and KSS-F (79.2 vs. 86.1, p < 0.01) subscores and increased postoperative complication rates (14.1% vs. 4.1%, p < 0.01).

Conclusion Patients with sarcopenia present with generally poorer preoperative health and this appears to be associated with lower patient-reported clinical and functional outcome scores. Complication rates were higher among patients with sarcopenia who were still determined to have adequate health status to support TKA. Most complications were limited and could be managed with supportive treatment.
COVID-19 Infection Manifesting with Lumbar Spondylodiscitis Complicating With Psoas Abscess without Pneumonia
Authors: Erok Berrin , Kıbıcı Kenan
Published: December 2021

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) are increasingly recognized. Secondary spinal infections are dangerous complications reported in a few cases in the literature. However, to our knowledge, there is no reported case of a severe spondylodiscitis (SD) complicated with a large psoas abscess in a COVID-19 patient. We would like to report a 43-year-old male patient living in central Anatolia and dealing with farming who presented to the hospital with a complaint of severe back pain. The patient who was given oral treatment with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and myorelaxant agents was readmitted with increased complaints. His nasopharyngeal swab was positive for COVID-19 without pneumonia on chest computed tomography (CT). He spent the quarantine and treatment period at home but was admitted to our outpatient clinic with a wheelchair with increased complaints and right leg pain preventing daily activities. The control nasopharyngeal swab was negative for COVID-19 but further increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) (152,8 mg/L) and creatine kinase (CK) level (549 IU/L) were revealed. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed SD in the L3-L4 level along with right-sided prevertebral inflammatory soft tissue and a large right psoas muscle abscess. Pyogenic lumbar SD complicated with the right psoas abscess in the setting of COVID-19 was considered and antibacterial treatment was started following hospitalization. On the same day, percutaneous aspiration from the psoas abscess under CT guidance was performed and revealed no growth in the culture. After 3 weeks, follow-up MRI showed worsening of all the bone, soft tissue and disc findings. Myalgia is a common manifestation in viral infections, which was also demonstrated in COVID-19 patients, with possible increase in muscle enzymes. Secondary spinal infections and its soft-tissue complications should be considered in the management of COVID-19 patients with neuromuscular symptoms, and detailed neurological and neurosurgical evaluation should be performed in order to avoid progression and permanent damage.
Pseudotumor after Total Wrist Arthroplasty Mimicking a Neoplasm
Authors: Ghijsen Sophie C. , Nap Frank J. , Schuurman Arnold H.
Published: December 2021

Background Total wrist arthroplasty can lead to a variation of complications. One of these is the formation of a pseudotumor. Although this complication is well known after total hip arthroplasty, it is rare in patients with wrist implants.

Case Description A 55-year-old man with a Universal 2 (Integra, Plainsboro, NJ) wrist prosthesis was seen with a progressive mass on the radial side of his wrist since 1 year, initially suspicious for a neoplasm. However, after exploration, histopathology confirmed a particle-induced foreign body reaction.

Literature Review There is little literature on pseudotumor formation after total wrist arthroplasty. Currently, there is no clear consensus about the etiology of pseudotumors but possible causes may include foreign body reaction, hypersensitivity, and wear debris.

Clinical Relevance This case report shows that particle debris-induced pseudotumors should be considered when a patient with a wrist prosthesis presents with a mass suspicious for a neoplasm. In addition, treatment options of pseudotumors after wrist arthroplasty in literature is discussed.
Targeting PLD2 in adipocytes augments adaptive thermogenesis by improving mitochondrial quality and quantity in mice
Authors: Kim Hyung Sik , Park Min Young , Yun Nam Joo , Go Hye Sun , Kim Mi Young , Seong Je Kyung , Lee Minyoung , Kang Eun Seok , Ghim Jaewang , Ryu Sung Ho , Zabel Brian A. , Koh Ara , Bae Yoe-Sik
Published: December 2021

Phospholipase D (PLD)2 via its enzymatic activity regulates cell proliferation and migration and thus is implicated in cancer. However, the role of PLD2 in obesity and type 2 diabetes has not previously been investigated. Here, we show that during diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity, levels of PLD2 but not PLD1 in adipose tissue are inversely related with uncoupling protein 1, a key thermogenic protein. We demonstrate that the thermogenic program in adipose tissue is significantly augmented in mice with adipocyte-specific Pld2 deletion or treated with a PLD2-specific inhibitor and that these mice are resistant to high fat diet–induced obesity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, we show that Pld2 deletion in adipose tissue or PLD2 pharmacoinhibition acts via p62 to improve mitochondrial quality and quantity in adipocytes. Thus, PLD2 inhibition is an attractive therapeutic approach for obesity and type 2 diabetes by resolving defects in diet-induced thermogenesis.
PPy coated nanoflower like CuCo2O4 based on in situ growth of nanoporous copper for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Zhao Zongchen , Zheng Lili , Li Haoran , He Zeyin , Han Dong , Shi Jing , Xu Bin , Wang Huanlei
Published: December 2021

General CuCo2O4 electrodes suffer a very low reversible capacity and poor cycling stability because of easily fading phenomena and volume change during cycling. To optimize the electrode, a facile method is conducted to fabricate a novel electrode of Cu@CuCo2O4@polypyrrole nanoflowers. Due to larger specific surface area and more electrochemical reactive areas of CuCo2O4@polypyrrole nanoflowers, the pseudocapacitance of the in situ grown CuCo2O4@polypyrrole (912 F g−1 at 2 A g−1) is much higher than the pristine CuCo2O4 (618 F g−1 at 2 A g−1). Remarkably, the CuCo2O4@polypyrrole (cathode) and active carbon (anode) are used to assemble an asymmetric supercapacitor, which exhibits a relatively high energy density of 90 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 2519 W kg−1 and 35 Wh kg−1 at a high-power density of 9109 W kg−1, and excellent cycling stability (about 90.4% capacitance retention over 10 000 cycles). The prominent performance of CuCo2O4@polypyrrole makes it as a potential electrode for supercapacitor.
Coordinated Co-NC/CoFe dual active centre embedded three-dimensional ordered macroporous framework as bifunctional catalyst for efficient and stable zinc–air batteries
Authors: Wan Tongtao , Yang Chenhui , Zhao Ximeng , Han Qinglin , Zhang Zisheng , Li Jingde , Du Xiaohang , Sun Daolai
Published: December 2021

Developing efficient and stable multifunctional electrocatalyst is very important for zinc–air batteries in practical. Herein, semiconductive spinel CuFe2O4 supported Co–N co-doped carbon (Co-NC) and CoFe alloy nanoparticles were proposed. In this strategy, the three-dimensional ordered macroporous CuFe2O4 support provides rich channels for mass transmission, revealling good corrosion-resistance and durability at the same time. ZIF-67 derived Co-NC decoration improves the conductivity of the catalyst. Further, the uniformly distributed Co-NC and CoFe nanoparticles (C/CF) dramatically promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Accordingly, C/CF@CuFe2O4 catalyst shows remarkable bifunctional electrocatalytic activity, with an ORR half-wave potential of 0.86 V, and an OER over-potential of 0.46 V at 10 mA cm−2. The zinc–air battery using this catalyst exhibits a power density of 95.5 mW cm−2 and a durable cyclability for over 170 h at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, which implies a great potential in practical application.
Multi-physics study of acoustofluidic delivery agents’ clustering behavior
Authors: AlSadiq Hussain , Tupally Karnaker , Vogel Robert , Parekh Harendra S , Veidt Martin
Published: December 2021

Acoustofluidicly manipulated microbubbles (MBs) and echogenic liposomes (ELIPs) have been suggested as drug delivery systems for the ‘on demand’ release of drug in target tissue. This requires a clear understanding of their behaviour during ultrasonication and after ultrasonication stops. The main focus of this study is to investigate the behaviour of MBs and ELIPs clusters after ultrasonication stops and the underlaying cause of cluster diffusion considering electrostatic repulsion, steric repulsion and Brownian motion. It also examines the capability of existing models used to predict MBs’ attraction velocity due to secondary radiation force, on predicting ELIPs’ attraction velocity. Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) and phase analysis light scattering (PALS) techniques were used to measure zeta potentials of the agents and the size distributions were measured using TRPS. The zeta potentials were found to be −2.43 mV and −0.62 mV for Definity™ MBs, and −3.62 mV and −2.35 mV for ELIPs using TRPS and PALS, respectively. Both agents were shown to have significant cluster formation at pressures as low as 6 kPa. Clusters of both agents were shown to diffuse as sonication stops at a rate that approximately equals the sum of the diffusion coefficients of the agents forming them. The de-clustering behaviours are due to Brownian motion as no sign of electrostatic repulsion was observed and particles movements were observed to be faster for smaller diameters. These findings are important to design and optimise effective drug delivery systems using acoustofluidically manipulated MBs and ELIPs.
Renormalization group analysis of near-field induced dephasing of optical spin waves in an atomic medium
Authors: Grava S , He Y , Wu S , Chang D E
Published: December 2021

While typical theories of atom–light interactions treat the atomic medium as being smooth, it is well-known that microscopic optical effects driven by atomic granularity, dipole–dipole interactions, and multiple scattering can lead to important effects. Recently, for example, it was experimentally observed that these ingredients can lead to a fundamental, density-dependent dephasing of optical spin waves in a disordered atomic medium. Here, we go beyond the short-time and dilute limits considered previously, to develop a comprehensive theory of dephasing dynamics for arbitrary times and atomic densities. In particular, we develop a novel, non-perturbative theory based on strong disorder renormalization group (RG), in order to quantitatively predict the dominant role that near-field optical interactions between nearby neighbors has in driving the dephasing process. This theory also enables one to capture the key features of the many-atom dephasing dynamics in terms of an effective single-atom model. These results should shed light on the limits imposed by near-field interactions on quantum optical phenomena in dense atomic media, and illustrate the promise of strong disorder RG as a method of dealing with complex microscopic optical phenomena in such systems.