bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dogs and cats with prepubic hernia often have concurrent injuries and a good short-term outcome
Authors: Rein Grace , Voges Andra , Snipes Mary , Frey Kahlina , Sombrio Marina Silvestre , Schmiedt Chad , Dickerson Vanna
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe clinical presentation, concurrent injuries, common imaging findings, and short-term outcome of dogs and cats diagnosed with prepubic hernia (PPH).

ANIMALS

71 dogs and 16 cats.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Medical records were searched at 2 academic referral institutions from August 1, 2008, to August 31, 2023, for dogs and cats diagnosed with PPH. Information regarding patient signalment, imaging, treatment(s) performed, and outcome was recorded. All imaging was reviewed by a board-certified radiologist.

RESULTS

The majority of animals (77.5% of dogs, 87.5% of cats) presented within 24 hours of injury, most commonly secondary to vehicular trauma. Common concurrent injuries included pubic fractures (76.1% of dogs, 62.5% of cats), sacroiliac luxation (56.3% of dogs, 68.8% of cats), neurologic deficits (50.7% of dogs, 25% of cats), organ herniation (49.3% of dogs, 37.5% of cats), and urinary tract trauma (12.7% of dogs, 12.5% of cats). Most animals were diagnosed with radiographs (60.5% of dogs, 62.5% of cats), with the lateral projection proving most useful. Surgical treatment was pursued in 35 dogs and 7 cats, with muscular apposition being most common in dogs (54.3%) and use of pubic bone tunnels most common in cats (57.1%). Complications were uncommon, and PPH repair failure was reported in only 1 dog. Short-term outcome was good in both dogs and cats.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Prepubic hernia should be suspected in patients that have sustained high-impact trauma and typically can be identified on lateral radiographs. For cases without organ herniation, conservative management may be a reasonable option.
The effects of a hatha yoga-based exercises program on pain with migraine in women: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Dündar Özlem , Can Sema , Eliaçık Sinan , Yıldırım Turgut
Published: November 2024

Study aim: Migraine is a headache syndrome that may occur in all age groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hatha yoga (HY) exercises on pain in migraine patients.

Material and methods: Volunteer individuals aged 18–55, diagnosed with chronic migraine (n = 32; experimental group n = 15; control group n = 17) were included in this study (mean age of the experimental and control groups, respectively: 35.80 ± 7.78 years; 36.65 ± 9.62 years). The HY exercise program was planned for 12 weeks, 3 days a week, 30–90 minutes. Anthropometric measurements, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and the Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire (MIDAS) were used. Measurements were carried out in three different time periods.

Results: There was a clinically significant decrease in the VAS, HIT-6, and MIDAS values measured at different times in the experimental group. The third measurement values were lower than the first measurement in the experimental group (p = 0.001). A significant difference was found between the third measurement values of VAS and HIT-6 values in the experimental and control groups (respectively p = 0.014; p = 0.005).

Conclusions: The results suggest that HY exercises have a positive effect in migraine patients on pain intensity, frequency and number of days lost due to pain. In our opinion, HY exercises can be recommended as a complementary treatment in migraine patients.
Alternariosis or brown spot of pomegranate bushes in the western part of Azerbaijan
Authors: Huseynova Lala A.
Published: November 2024

Alternariosis or brown spot (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.) is a widespread disease of pomegranate bushes in Azerbaijan. The disease occurs mainly in the western part of the country. Alternariosis or brown spot on pomegranate bushes (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.) is found mainly on leaves and fruits. On ripening pomegranate fruits, the lesion begins with small brown or black spots that increase in size and become round or oval. The causative agents of alternariosis or brown spot on pomegranate bushes (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.) are imperfect fungi of the genus Alternaria, from the order Hyphomycetales; Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl is more common in the conditions of the western part of Azerbaijan. Alternariosis or brown spot (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.) causes the greatest harm in conditions of sufficient moisture.

The aim of the article is to present the results of studies on the distribution, intensity of development and harmfulness of alternariosis or brown spot of pomegranate bushes (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.), as well as biological effectiveness of fungicides used to control alternariosis, in the western part of Azerbaijan. Research methods used are generally accepted in phytopathology and plant protection to identify and record the infectious potential of the causative agent of alternariosis or brown spot of pomegranate bushes (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.) as well as to disease monitoring. During field studies, the fungicides used were 0.4% Selphate (37.5% copper oxychloride + 16% zineb), 0.05% Azoxifene (20% azoxystrobin + 12.5% difenoconazole), 0.05% Conazole (25% difenoconazole) and 0.3% P-oxiride (50% copper oxychloride) and determined their biological effectiveness accordingly.

In the last 5 years, there has been a trend of increasing harmfulness of alternariosis or brown spot of pomegranate bushes (Alter-naria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.) in the western part of Azerbaijan. As our research results show, brown spot mainly affected the leaves of pomegranate bushes. Damage to pomegranate fruits differed only in certain years in the studied gardens. During field studies, it was found that the 0.4% fungicide Selphate gives the best results.
Research Into the Bee Population (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apiformes) in the Grassland Habitats of Cisowsko-Orłowiński Landscape Park as Reinforcement for Educational Awareness of a Society
Authors: Bąk-Badowska Jolanta , Żeber-Dzikowska Ilona , Tuszyńska Ligia , Chmielewski Jarosław
Published: November 2024

The aim of the research, conducted from April to October 2018–2019, was to characterize the bee populations (Apiformes) in phytosociological diverse grassland areas of Cisowsko-Orłowiński Landscape Park (C-OLP), located in Małopolska Upland. Such a characteristic was a crucial condition to perform further steps aimed at preventing threats to these insects. The transect method and Moericke traps were applied to sample bees. 126 bee species were recorded in four research areas with Apidae family representatives being dominant (44.9%). The transect method proved more efficient than the traps since it provided 123 insect species. Species diversity H’ and equivalence J’ indices reached the highest parameters in fields (FI) and meadows (ME) and the lowest in xerothermic grasslands (XG). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient demonstrated positive and strong correlation of variables H’ and J’ and S. It applied to both the transect method and the traps, the latter demonstrating bigger correlation.
Successful surgical treatment of esophageal liposarcoma (4-year follow-up)
Authors: Dvoreckiy S. Yu. , Ilin A. A. , Mishra R. P. , Dvoreckaya M. A. , Akopov A. L.
Published: November 2024

A clinical case of successful surgical treatment of a patient with a very rare esophageal liposarcoma is presented. Despite the severe early postoperative complication, tracheomediastinal fistula, a satisfactory long-term result was   achieved (4th year of follow-up).
A case of successful surgical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in an obese patient in bariatric practice
Authors: Balandov S. G. , Vasilevsky D. I. , Anisimova K. A. , Semikova G. V. , Hamid Z. M. , Berulava E. T.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the problem of obesity is due to the progressive increase in morbidity worldwide and the high risk of developing pathological conditions associated with overweight. The development of cardiovascular diseases, lipid metabolism disorders, and type 2 diabetes mellitus is of the greatest importance. Among the various types of treatment for morbid obesity, bariatric surgery occupies a leading position and acquires a special role in the correction of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with excess body weight due to its greatest metabolic efficiency. A clinical case of surgical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with obesity in a middle-aged woman with unsatisfactory glycemic control on insulin therapy is presented. Gastric bypass was performed. The early postoperative period is smooth. Four years later, the body mass index was 24.9 kg/m2, the target levels of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin were achieved in the complete absence of insulin therapy.
Modern trends and priority in treatment of chronic anal fissure
Authors: Aliev S. A. , Aliev E. S.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the current state of the problem and priorities in the treatment of chronic anal fissures according to literature data. We described consistently standard medical, surgical and other treatment methods with an assessment of their advantages and disadvantages. Based on the analysis of literature data, it is shown that fissure excision in combination with dosed form of subcutaneous sphincterotomy still remains the «gold standard» for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Taking into account the revision of the traditionally established paradigm and the emerging trends towards a multidisciplinary approach to the problem, the use of combined and minimally invasive sphincter-sparing treatment methods is justified. The use of botulinum toxin, various options for anoplasty, transcutaneous neurostimulation, laser vaporization and pneumoballoon dilatation of the anal sphincter are described. The possibilities of using autologous plasma enriched with platelet growth factors and autologous cells of adipose origin used as cell (tissue) transplantation are presented.
Supplementary Activities Augmenting the General English Program in Higher Education: Student Engagement and Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Cuong Pham Huy , Nghia Vo Trong
Published: November 2024

Given the diverse availability of affordances and learning opportunities in multiple settings, language learning is no longer confined to classroom boundaries. With teachers’ scaffolding and support, learners can develop autonomous learning strategies drawing on the resources within and beyond traditional classrooms. This study aims to explore teachers’ perspectives on the value of supplementary learning activities in augmenting the General English Program (GEP) at a university in Vietnam with a particular emphasis on learner engagement in these activities outside classroom settings. The data are based on the statistics of students’ attendance and performance in the supplementary activities currently implemented at the university and interviews with eight GEP teachers. Findings show that the students were partially cognizant of the learning opportunities implicated in supplementary activities and demonstrated relatively active engagement and performance. The teachers also acknowledged that these activities contributed positively to students’ holistic language development as a complement to the GEP. The study has significant implications for educational stakeholders in curriculum design and deployment of supplementary learning activities that facilitate learner engagement in language practice outside classrooms.
FAKTOR TERJADINYA TRANSFORMASI ETNOPEDAGOGI PADA SILA SESANA SISYA BRAHMANA BUDDHA DI PURI SEMARAPURA
Authors: Aditya Adnyana Anak Agung , Winaja I Wayan , Suasthi I Gusti Ayu
Published: November 2024

Education that comes from local wisdom cannot only be adapted to formal education. Informal and non-formal education is a big forum in the realm of education in the family and community environment. One of them can be seen from the parampara culture of Buddhist Brahmin spiritual education which originates from the Buddhakeling paguron tradition which was passed down to one of his Sisyas in Puri Semarapura, which had an impact on the transformation into a Sisya with the Prajna Paramita character. This article aims to reveal the factors of ethnopedagogical transformation in the Sila Sesana Sisya Brahmana Buddha in Puri Semarapura. The results of the study show that there is a transformation in the realm of thoughts, words and deeds as well as gradual educational patterns through Wiku Dhang Acarya, Wiku Ngeraga and Wiku Anglokapalasraya. In this context, the role of the Sesana Sisya Brahmin Buddhist Precepts in Puri Semarapura, which are inherited in a tangible and intangible way, is important to optimize the ability of a Buddhist Brahmin to understand, act and practice the Sesana text through religious literature in actual practical life.
PENGGUNAAN PALAKIWA DALAM UPACARA NGABEN DI DESA ADAT KULUB KECAMATAN TAMPAKSIRING KABUPATEN GIANYAR
Authors: I Made Restu Artama  , Ni Gusti Ayu Agung Nerawati  , Jro Ayu Ningrat
Published: November 2024

Dalam mewujudkan rasa bhakti  memuja  kebesaran Tuhan, masyarakat di Desa  Adat Kulub Kecamatan Tampaksiring, Kabupaten Gianyar, melakukan upacara pitra yadnya yang dimana di dalamnya terdapat rangkaian pelengkap upacara yang disebut dengan Palakiwa. Upacara ini diyakini sebagai salah satu wujud rasa bhakti serta pengorbanan suci yang ditunjukan kepada para leluhur sehingga para pertisentana kelak mendapatkan kebahagian serta dianggap tuntas membayar hutang kepada leluhur. Berdasarkan fenomena yang terdapat pada pelaksanaan upacara Pitra yadnya tersebut, sangat penting dilakukan suatu penelitian dengan judul “Penggunaan Palakiwa Dalam Upacara Ngaben Di Desa Adat Kulub Kecamatan Tampaksiring Kabupaten Gianyar (Kajian Filsafat)”. Dalam penelitian ini mengangkat tiga permasalahan pokok yaitu : (1) Bagaimana proses penggunaan Palakiwa dalam upacara ngaben di Desa Adat Kulub, Kecamatan Tampaksiring, Kabupaten Gianyar ?, (2) Apa fungsi penggunaan Palakiwa dalam upacara ngaben di  desa Adat   Kulub Kecamatan Tampaksiring Kabupaten Gianyar ?, (3) Simbol apa yang terkandung dalam penggunaan Palakiwa pada saat upacara ngaben di Desa Adat Kulub, Kecamatan Tampaksiring, Kabupaten Gianyar?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses penggunaan Palakiwa tersebut, kemudian untuk mengetahui fungsi dari penggunaan Palakiwa serta untuk mengetahui simbol makna apa yang terkandung di dalam pelaksanaan Palakiwa dalam upacara ngaben yang dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat di Desa Adat Kulub, Kecamatan Tampaksiring, Kabupaten Gianyar. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskritif kualitatif yang dibantu dengan tiga jumlah teori yang meliputi: Teori religi, teori fungsional struktural, dan teori simbol. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, serta studi kepustakaan. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode interpretative deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) proses penggunaan  Palakiwa merupakan salah satu rangkaian dari upacara ngaben yang sebagai salah satu cara untuk menghaturkan rasa bhakti terhadap leluhur. (2) Fungsi yang terdapat dalam penggunaan Palakiwa adalah fungsi religi, fungsi sosial, fungsi kemakmuran, keharmonisan dan keseimbangan. (3) makna yang terkandung dalam penggunaan Palakiwa yang dilakukan ialah makna estetika dan filsafat (tattwa).
Yeletsky gorodnichy Egor Alexandrovich Kholodovich and the study of antiquities in the province in the middle of the XIX century
Authors: Tropin Nikolai Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2024

For the first time, the biography and scientific contribution of E. A. Kholodovich to the study of the ancient history of Yelets in the Oryol province are being investigated. In the period 1835–1849 he served as a mayor, became interested in local history. In the Oryol Provincial Gazette for 1840, his note "On the antiquities of the city of Yelets" appears. The note consisted of a preface and six small sections, each of which corresponded to the description of the ancient object: 1) The Icon of the Kazan Mother of God; 2) The Image of the Appearance of the Mother of God to Tamerlane; 3) The Holy Gospel; 4) A chapel and a stone pillar with icons; 5) Talim Prison; 6) Six cast-iron cannons; 7) An underground passage. This information will be widely used by local historians in the future, starting from the middle of the XIX century, but without mentioning the original author. The article is based on archival materials that made it possible to restore the basic biographical information, the circumstances of service in Yelets and the probable motivation in the local history studies of E. A. Kholodovich. The intellectual environment of the communication with experts in the history of the city is being investigated, attempts are being made to establish the sources of information the author received. The results of the research allow us to say that the only known scientific publication by E. A. Kholodovich for the provincial newspaper is based on the unreleased information from the statistical description of Yelets in the 1820s. Their content corresponds to old-time records typical of the time of the formation of historical science in the province at the end of the XVIII – first half of the XIX centuries. The topic of antiquities is considered through the prism of a detailed description of the remains of the fortress, underground passages, customs, the history of monasteries and temples, and brief historical legends. The material clearly demonstrates the positive impact of the state policy on the conduct of provincial statistical descriptions on the formation of local history research in the province.
Cognitive Spontaneous Beliefs, and Reliability within the System. Book Review: BonJour L. The Structure of Empirical Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985. (Chapters 5–6)
Authors: Golovko N. V.
Published: November 2024

The key point of Laurence BonJour’s coherentist conception of the justification of empirical knowledge is the coherentist concept of observation, which (a) postulates that there is a special class of cognitively spontaneous beliefs with which the system’s beliefs must cohere in order to be considered justified; (b) their reliability is determined within the system as a consequence of our generalization on a set of facts when a belief appears, and it is highly likely to be true, and it is likely to appear in a situation in which it will be true; and (c) the subject has the ability to reflexively grasp the approximate content of his own belief system. Among the main sources of inspiration used by L. BonJour, one can find the conceptions of “language-entry transition” by W. Sellars and “truth-sufficiency” by W. Alston. Much of the material is devoted to arguing for the final argument for cognitively spontaneous beliefs. The review is a detailed analysis of the second part of L. BonJour’s book «The Structure of Empirical Knowledge» (chapters 5–6), dedicated to foundations for a coherentist theory of justification of empirical knowledge.
On epistemic dependence
Authors: Shevchenko A. A.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the thesis of epistemic dependence, which problematizes the current ideas about the nature of knowledge, its historical and methodological premises. It shows both undesirable consequences of its uncritical acceptance (such as a possible gap between knowledge and understanding) and the possibility of its interpretation in a more general social context, as a conflict of epistemic interests. It also highlights the need to consider this phenomenon in the analysis of collective knowledge and collective rationality.
Tendências na abordagem de fraturas de assoalho orbitário
Authors: Vieira Lucas Marques , Branco Lais Tajra Castello , Sobrinho Maria Luísa Sousa , Maferano Eduardo Frederico Eduardo , Benevides Breno Souza , Nogueira Renato Luiz Maia , Ribeiro Thyciana Rodrigues , Ellery Teresa Walter de Aguiar , Aguiar Andréa Silvia Walter de
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as técnicas e materiais utilizados no tratamento de fraturas do assoalho orbitário. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2024, sem restrição de idioma e com texto completo disponível. A questão norteadora baseada na estratégia PICOS foi: quais os avanços nos acessos e implantes para fraturas do soalho orbitário? A coleta dos dados concluiu em maio de 2024, cuja a base de dados foi PubMed/MedLine por meio de descritores MeSH e seus sinônimos: “Orbital Floor Fractures” e “Therapeutics”, relacionados às fraturas de assoalho orbitário e seus tratamentos, com o operador booleano AND. Resultados: Dos 39 artigos elegíveis demonstraram que o acesso transconjuntival foi o mais utilizado para reconstrução das fraturas e  dentre os materiais, os enxertos autógenos  predominaram, com destaque para o enxerto de do osso da crista ilíaca. Considerações finais: O acesso transconjuntival e os enxertos autógenos, principalmente de crista ilíaca, são as técnicas e materiais mais utilizados no tratamento de fraturas do assoalho orbitário. Equipamentos de apoio, como endoscópio e navegação guiada, demonstram potencial crescente no tratamento deste tipo de fraturas faciais.
Validity and reliability of the self-regulation martial arts questionnaire (SR-MAQ): A study in 3 types of martial arts
Authors: Alif Muhammad Nur , Komarudin  , Muhtar Tatang , Mulyana
Published: November 2024

Background Problems: Self-regulation, which includes positive behavior, metacognitive awareness, and motivation, is critical to adolescents' development.  Despite its benefits in structured activities such as martial arts, there is a lack of existing tools to assess self-regulation among adolescent martial arts participants. This study addresses this gap by developing an instrument to measure adolescents' self-regulation abilities. Research Objectives: This research aims to adapt an instrument in the form of a questionnaire to measure self-regulation in martial arts activities. Methods: The author uses the cross-cultural adaptation method. Adapting research instruments is not just a language change. There is an aspect of cross-cultural adaptation that is important so that the research instrument can measure what it should measure (valid) and be reliable (consistent in measurement). A total of 58 participants were involved in three stages of instrument validity, consisting of 21 pencak silat students, 18 karate students, and 19 taekwondo students who were selected proportionally. Findings/Results: After data analysis, the results of this research are 67 SR-MAQ question items declared valid and reliable. Conclusion: The development of the SR-MAQ instrument allows for the measurement of the self-regulation of teenage martial arts practitioners, contributing to their positive development. To expand the utility and generalisability of this instrument, we need further research involving a wider age range and participants from different types of martial arts. This will not only increase the relevance of the findings but also provide richer insights into the role of self-regulation in various adolescent activity contexts.
Инновационные подходы к формированию системы экономического управления реализацией программ развития Арктики в цифровую эпоху
Authors: А. В. Путилов , С. А. Королев
Published: November 2024

Одним из элементов экономического управления являются рекомендательные системы - это инструментарий, основанный на объективных оценках, сопоставлениях, аналитических моделях и пр. Современные цифровые технологии позволяют оценить эффективность методов и алгоритмов машинного обучения для предобработки и классификации слабоструктурированных данных в рекомендательных системах, например, экономического управления в Арктике. Затраты и результаты - основа любого экономического анализа, однако для Арктики имеется большое число параметров, которые трудно экономически измерить (экологические, социальные и многие другие)

One of the elements of economic management is recommender systems - a tool based on objective assessments, comparisons, analytical models, etc. Modern digital technologies make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of machine learning methods and algorithms for the preprocessing and lassification of poorly structured data in recommender systems, for example, economic management in The Arctic. Costs and results are the basis of any economic analysis, but for the Arctic there are a large number of parameters that are difficult to measure economically (environmental, social, and many others).
Подходы к созданию методики определения экономической эффективности поисковых и фундаментальных работ, находящихся на заключительной стадии исследования
Authors: Е. В. Ситников
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается необходимость и возможность оценки экономической эффективности на заключительных стадиях поисковых и фундаментальных работ в области разработки технологий нового мирового уклада. Для использования нового знания и новых принципов в различных сферах деятельности предлагается оценить критерии технической и технологической эффективности новой разработки и другие показатели, необходимые для расчета ее экономической эффективности, и на этой основе определить вклад и последующее вознаграждение всех участников реализации интегрального инновационно-инвестиционного проекта

The article considers the necessity and possibility of evaluating economic efficiency at the final stages of prospecting and fundamental work in the field of developing technologies for a new world order. To use the new knowledge and new principles in various fields of activity, it is proposed to evaluate the criteria for technical and technological efficiency of the new development and other indicators necessary for calculating its economic efficiency and on this basis to determine the contribution and subsequent remuneration of all participants in the implementation of the integral innovation and investment project
Опыт создания интегрированной системы непрерывной профессиональной подготовки инженерно-технических работников для предприятий ОПК
Authors: Д. К. Щеглов , Е. Н. Никулин , E.E. Складнова
Published: November 2024

В статье на примере БГТУ «Военмех» им. Д. Ф. Устинова, Петербургских предприятий Концерна ВКО «Алмаз - Антей» и негосударственных образовательных структур рассматривается передовой опыт интеграции образования, науки и промышленности в направлении создания общей научно-образовательной инфраструктуры для непрерывной подготовки технических специалистов в рамках модели «школа - вуз - предприятие» на довузовском, вузовском и послевузовском уровнях

The article is an example BSTU «Voenmeh» n. a. D. F. Ustinov, St. Petersburg enterprises of the Concern EKR Almaz - Antey and non-governmental educational institutions are examining the best practices of integrating education, science and industry in the direction of creating a common scientific and educational infrastructure for the continuous training of technical specialists within the framework of the School - University - Enterprise model at pre-university, university and postgraduate levels
Практика патентной аналитики при формировании политики устойчивого развития компаний
Authors: Т. В. Кустов , Р. Е. Шепелев , Ж. Л. Андреева
Published: November 2024

В статье предложены методы патентной аналитики для построения экологической политики компании. На примере нефтегазовых компаний выполнена оценка патентного портфеля крупнейших отечественных и зарубежных компаний в области экологии и энергосбережения. Построены патентные ландшафты по направлениям воздействия на окружающую среду, а именно: выбросы в атмосферу, обращение с отходами, обработка воды и др

The article suggests methods of patent analytics for the formation of company policy. Using the example of oil and gas companies, we evaluated the patent portfolio of services of domestic and foreign companies in the field of ecology and energy conservation. Patent phenomena related to the impact on the environment were built, namely: emissions into the atmosphere, waste management, water treatment, etc
Научно-технологическое развитие России в контексте достижения национальных целей: проблемы и решения
Authors: Г. Г. Онищенко , Е. Н. Каблов , В. В. Иванов
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается состояние государственной научно-технической политики. Отмечается, что в развитых странах наука является главной производительной силой. Научно-техническая политика России ориентирована на ресурсное развитие экономики. Приводятся данные по ресурсному обеспечению. Анализируется система управления научно-техническим комплексом России. Показано, что существующая научно-техническая политика не создает необходимых условий для достижения национальных целей развития России. Предложены первоочередные меры для переориентации науки на инновационное развитие страны

The article considers the state of the state scientific and technical policy. It is noted that science is the main productive force. Russia's science and technology policy is focused on resource-based economic development. Data on resource provision is provided. The article analyzes the management system of the Russian scientific and technical complex. It is shown that the existing scientific and technical policy does not create the necessary conditions for achieving the national development goals of Russia. Priority measures for reorienting science to innovative development of the country are proposed
Комплексный показатель качества проектирования изделий научно-производственного приборостроительного предприятия
Authors: С. М. Евсеенко
Published: November 2024

В статье изложен метод разработки комплексного показателя качества проектирования изделий научно-производственного приборостроительного предприятия, не требующий экономического или финансового анализа качества разработки и результатов эксплуатации продукции. Проведен краткий анализ используемых в настоящее время подходов к оценке качества процесса производства и проектирования. Показатель позволяет сравнивать две различные организационные структуры управления проектированием изделий (например, предыдущую и новую) одного предприятия или однотипные по качеству деятельности предприятия. Коэффициенты весомости определяются методом анализа иерархий, путем построения матрицы попарных сравнений показателей степени автоматизации с точки зрения их значимости или важности для достижения цели - повышения качества проектирования. Предложено использовать пять групп KPI: автоматизации процессов проектирования; централизации (децентрализации, степень координации принятия решений) управления процессами проектирования; распараллеливания выполнения процессов проектирования; ресурсоемкости выполнения процессов проектирования; регламентированности выполнения процессов проектирования

This article describes a method for developing a composite indicator aimed to measure the design quality of products produced by a research and instrument-making enterprise, which does not require economic or financial analysis of the development quality and the results of product maintenance. A brief analysis of the currently used approaches to assessing the quality of the production and design process has been carried out. The indicator allows you to compare two different organizational structures of product design management (for example, the previous and the new one) at the same enterprise or similar activities of the same enterprise in the terms of quality. The weight coefficients are determined by the method of hierarchy analysis, by constructing a matrix of pairwise comparisons of key performance indicators in terms of their significance or importance for achieving the goal of improving the design quality. It is proposed to use five KPI groups: design automation; centralization (decentralization, coordination degree in the decision making) of design process management; parallelizing the execution of design processes; resource consumption of design processes; regulation of the design
Конфликты и их взаимосвязь с инновационным поведением персонала в условиях цифровизации
Authors: В. Л. Васильев , Н. Н. Турдыкулова
Published: November 2024

В статье дано описание конфликта, рассмотрено понятие с точки зрения социологии и теории управления. На основе теоретического и эмпирического анализа выявлены причины конфликтов и условия их успешного разрешения. Через призму понятия «созидательного разрушения» конфликт рассмотрен как обязательное изменение в жизненном цикле любого хозяйствующего субъекта. На основе социологического опроса (лонгитюдного исследования) на базе предприятий и организаций Республики Татарстан выявляется роль конфликтов в процессе инновационного развития. Повышение роли цифровых технологий в современной экономике рассматривается как инструмент снижения рисков неразрешимых конфликтов и как способ эффективного выхода из конфликта на пути к инновационному развитию организации

The article describes the conflict, considers the concept from the point of view of sociology and control theory. Based on theoretical and empirical analysis, the causes of conflicts and the conditions for their successful resolution are identified. Through the prism of the concept of «creative destruction», the conflict is considered as a mandatory change in the life cycle of any business entity. On the basis of a sociological survey (longitudinal research) on the basis of enterprises and organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan, the role of conflicts in the process of innovative development is revealed. The increasing role of digital technologies in the modern economy is considered as a tool to reduce the risks of insoluble conflicts and as a way to effectively get out of the conflict on the way to the innovative development of the organization
Кластер как институт новой индустриализации
Authors: И. К. Шевченко , Ю. В. Развадовская , К. С. Руднева
Published: November 2024

В статье новая индустриализация рассматривается как процесс модернизации и инновационного развития национальной экономики, сопровождаемый изменением институционального контура. Авторы формулируют предположение о том, что кластер как институт новой индустриализации обеспечивает процесс передачи динамических способностей, важных с точки зрения индустриальных преобразований, для эффективного комбинирования ресурсов и технологий. Обосновывается место динамических способностей, как уникального ресурса, на этапах технико-экономического развития, в том числе на фазе формирования технико-экономической парадигмы. Также в статье формулируется вывод о том, что различные модели новой индустриализации институционально могут быть обеспечены различными типами кластерных образований, в рамках которых динамические способности выполняют разные специфические функции

The article considers new industrialization as a process of modernization and innovative development of the national economy, accompanied by a change in the institutional framework. The authors formulate the assumption that the cluster, as an institution of new industrialization, provides the process of transferring dynamic abilities, which are important from the point of view of industrial transformations, for the effective combination of resources and technologies. The place of dynamic abilities as a unique resource at the stages of technical and economic development, including the phase of formation of the technical and economic paradigm, is substantiated. The article also concludes that different models of new industrialization can be institutionally provided with different types of cluster formations, within which dynamic abilities perform different specific functions
Многофакторная модель расчета финансирования в ИТ-инфраструктуру в условиях цифровой экономики
Authors: С. В. Казарин , О. С. Лобанов
Published: November 2024

В целях повышения эффективности внедрения инфокоммуникационных технологий в исполнительных органах государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга, а также подведомственных им государственных казенных учреждениях Санкт-Петербурга СПб ГКУ УИТС, осуществляется централизованная закупка технических средств. В настоящее время в городе существует острая проблема своевременного обновления парка техники, обусловленная недостатком финансирования по данному направлению. Тенденция сокращения финансирования сохраняется из года в год, что является катастрофическим для поддержания ИТ-инфраструктуры города в работоспособном состоянии. Это влечет за собой снижение производительности труда у сотрудников органов государственной власти, а в ряде случаев - полную невозможность выполнения ими поставленных задач. В рамках данного исследования для решения сложившейся проблемы разработана математическая модель, позволяющая с высокой степенью достоверности определить объем средств, необходимый для поддержания работоспособности ИТ-инфраструктуры города, и проведены расчеты на реальных данных по Санкт-Петербургу. Результаты применения разработанной модели являются удобным инструментом для определения необходимого финансирования и повышения эффективности управления инфраструктурой региона

In order to increase the efficiency of infocommunication technologies implementation in the executive bodies of state power of St. Petersburg, as well as state government institutions of St. Petersburg subordinate to them, St. Petersburg State Treasury Department of Information Technologies and Communications is carrying out a centralized procurement of technical assets. Currently, the city has an acute problem of timely renewal of IT equipment due to lack of funding in this area. The downward trend in funding continues from year to year, which is catastrophic for maintaining the city's IT infrastructure in working order. This entails a decrease in labor productivity of employees of government bodies, and in some cases - the complete impossibility of fulfilling their assigned tasks. Within the framework of this study, to solve the current problem, a mathematical model has been developed that allows to determine with a high degree of reliability the amount of funds required to maintain the operability of the IT infrastructure and calculations have been made on real data for St. Petersburg. The results of applying the developed model are a convenient tool for determining the required funding and improving the efficiency of infrastructure management within the region
Инновационная деятельность и пространственная структура обрабатывающей промышленности США
Authors: В. Н. Минат
Published: November 2024

На основе использования теоретического и статистического материалов выявлены и обоснованы актуальные тенденции изменения пространственной структуры обрабатывающей промышленности, сложившиеся под влиянием территориальных форм инновационной деятельности США, наиболее крупной из которых по масштабу и системной функциональности является инновационный комплекс. Посредством моделирования организационно-функциональной структуры и внешних связей указанной формы, показана сущность современной интеграции науки, технологий и высокотехнологичного производства страны. Рассмотрена зависимость отраслевой специализации обрабатывающей промышленности отдельных штатов США от территориального (регионального) распределения инноваций, процессов концентрации и пространственной локализации промышленных НИОКР, выражающихся в различных территориальных сочетаниях - типах пространственно-инновационной структуры национальной промышленности. В результате проведенного исследования выявлены: значительная зависимость между объемом реализуемой инновационной продукции отраслей американской обрабатывающей промышленности от выполненных промышленных НИОКР; высокая степень концентрации и территориально-отраслевой локализации составных элементов инновационной системы и индустриального комплекса США

Based on the use of theoretical and statistical material, the current trends in the spatial structure of the manufacturing industry, which have developed under the influence of the territorial forms of innovation in the United States, are identified and substantiated, the largest of which in terms of scale and systemic functionality is an innovative complex. By modeling the organizational and functional structure and external relations of this form, the essence of the modern integration of science, technology and high-tech production of the country is shown. The article considers the dependence of the industrial specialization of the manufacturing industry in individual US states on the territorial (regional) distribution of innovations, the processes of concentration and spatial localization of industrial R&D, expressed in various territorial combinations - innovative types of national industry development. As a result of the study, the following was revealed: a significant dependence between the volume of innovative products sold by the American manufacturing industries on the industrial R&D carried out; a high degree of concentration and territorial-sectoral localization of the constituent elements of the innovation system and the industrial complex of the United States
Предпринимательский университет «ТУСУР»: передовой опыт интеграции науки и бизнеса
Authors: Г. Н. Нариманова , Н. Н. Арцемович
Published: November 2024

В условиях быстро развивающейся экономики, ориентированной на новые знания и передовые технологии вопрос эффективной интеграции науки, бизнеса и государства становится все более очевидным и важным. В статье приведен пример реального успешного взаимодействия современного университета и индустриальных партнеров - высокотехнологичных компаний, составляющих основу региональной экономики. Показана совместная работа по реализации серьезных проектов регионального и федерального масштаба, технология подготовки нового поколения инженеров и предпринимателей в наукоемких отраслях. Описана инновационная инфраструктура вуза, как ключевого участника исследуемого процесса. Рассматриваются механизмы взаимодействия вуза с наукоемким производством, технологии и результаты сотрудничества, обеспечивающего конкурентоспособность партнерам и устойчивое развитие инновационной экосистемы

In a rapidly developing economy focused on new knowledge and advanced technologies, the issue of effective integration of science, business and the state is becoming more obvious and important. The article provides an example of a real successful interaction between a modern university and industrial partners - high-tech companies that form the basis of the regional economy. Shown is the joint work on the implementation of serious projects of regional and federal scale, the technology of training a new generation of engineers and entrepreneurs in high-tech industries. The innovation infrastructure of the university is described as a key participant in the process under study. The mechanisms of interaction of the university with science-intensive production, technologies and the results of cooperation that ensure the competitiveness of partners and the sustainable development of the innovation ecosystem are considered
Интернет коллективных вещей как стратегическая инновация групповой робототехники
Authors: В. К. Абросимов , В. И. Никоноров
Published: November 2024

Вопросы прогнозирования научных направлений исследований неразрывно связаны с ключевыми инновациями в выбранной предметной области. В статье рассматриваются инновационные циклы применительно к групповой робототехнике в ретроспективе и перспективы ее развития на среднесрочный период. Показано, что ключевым свойством будущих робототехнических средств, функционирующих в условиях неопределенности, станет способность функционировать в среде Интернета вещей и обученность систем управления в парадигме взаимопомощи. Построена своего рода ≪матрица≫ потребностей и возможностей будущего интеллектуального робота, предназначенного для решения групповых задач в условиях неполной исходной информации о среде функционирования

An issues of forecasting research directions are inextricably linked with key innovations at the selected subject area. The article studies the innovative cycles in relation to group robotics in retrospect and its perspectives for the medium time. It is shown that the key property of future robotics, functioning in condition of uncertainty, will be а)the ability to function the environment of the Internet of things and b) the training of control systems in the paradigm of mutual assistance. Built The special “matrix” of the future intelligent robot needs and capabilities for group problems solving in conditions of incomplete init ial information are presented
Экскурсии и тематические лекции на высокотехнологичных предприятиях как важные составляющие профессионального самоопределения и дополнительного образования учащейся молодёжи
Authors: Б. А. Спасский
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена профессиональному самоопределению учащихся вне учебного заведения. Проанализирована эффективность различных форматов профориентационной работы научных и промышленных предприятий с учащимися, а именно, организация образовательных проектов, конкурсов профессионального мастерства и интерактивных профориентационных экскурсий, тематические лекции по основам робототехники и другие. Предлагается ряд рекомендаций по повышению качества профориентационных экскурсий и тематических лекций на высокотехнологичном предприятии на примере Музея центрального научно-исследовательского и опытно-конструкторского института робототехники и технической кибернетики (ЦНИИ РТК). Подчеркивается, что достоинством разработанных экскурсий и лекций по робототехнике является свободное планирование объема материала и возможность его адаптации к любому возрасту слушателей

The article is devoted to professional self-determination of students outside of an educational institution. The effectiveness of various formats of career guidance work of scientific and industrial enterprises with students is analyzed, namely, the organization of educational projects, professional skill competitions and interactive career guidance excursions, thematic lectures on the basics of robotics, and others. A number of recommendations are offered to improve the quality of career guidance excursions and thematic lectures at a high-tech enterprise, using the example of the Museum of the Central research and development Institute of robotics and technical Cybernetics (RTC). It is emphasized that the advantage of the developed excursions and lectures on robotics is free planning of the volume of material and the possibility of its adaptation to any age of students
Инновационное развитие северных регионов ресурсного типа
Authors: Н. Е. Егоров , Г. С. Ковров
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию проблем инновационного развития северных регионов ресурсного типа (СРРТ). Изучены вопросы определения и выявления регионов Крайнего Севера к ресурсным типам. Выполнена оценка ресурсной зависимости регионов Крайнего Севера, на основе анализа которых определены критерии отнесения 8 субъектов РФ к СРРТ. Представлены результаты инновационного развития СРРТ на основе анализа инновационной инфраструктуры субъектов и инновационного профиля, который позволяет выявить особенности инновационной системы каждого региона и определить сильные и слабые стороны его инновационного развития. На основе анализа динамики изменения основных показателей за период 2010-2018 гг., гистограммы инновационных профилей и современного состояния объектов инновационной инфраструктуры авторами предложена классификация СРРТ по уровню развития региональной инновационной системы

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of innovative development of the Northern Regions of the Resource Type (NRRT). Questions of definition and identification of regions of the Far North to resource types are studied. The resource dependence of the regions of the Far North was evaluated, based on the analysis of which the criteria for assigning 8 subjects of the Russian Federation to the SRRT were determined. Presents the results of innovative development NRRT based on the analysis of the innovation infrastructure entities and innovative profile, which allow to reveal the peculiarities of the innovation system in each region and identify the strengths and weaknesses of its innovative development. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of changes of main indicators for the period 2010-2018, the histogram of the innovation profile and the current state of innovation infrastructure, the authors propose a classification NRRT the level of development of the regional innovation system