bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLPA DENTARIA COMO FONTE DE CELULAS TRONCO: PERSPECTIVAS DE APLICAÇÃO E REGENERAÇÃO DENTÁRIA
Authors: Santos Sabrina Souza , Santos Joyce Cardoso dos
Published: November 2024

Este artigo explora o potencial da polpa dentária como uma fonte promissora de células-tronco. A pesquisa tem como objetivo geral realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca da importância da polpa dentária como uma fonte de células-tronco e suas aplicabilidades. Os objetivos específicos foram esclarecer a relevância da polpa como uma fonte segura de células-tronco, compreender as características desse tecido e destacar as aplicações e conquistas alcançadas no estudo das células-tronco encontradas na polpa dentária, além de abordar suas vantagens e desvantagens. As DPSPs (células-tronco derivadas da polpa dentária) são células-tronco adultas que se originam do tecido pulpar de dentes extraídos e apresentam como principais características a capacidade de diferenciação e autorenovação em diversos tecidos, sendo responsáveis pela cicatrização e regeneração após danos teciduais. A odontologia contemporânea tem avançado consideravelmente com os estudos das células-tronco extraídas da polpa, permitindo aprimorar diversas terapias odontológicas em áreas como endodontia, periodontia e implantodontia. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi uma revisão da literatura, baseada em artigos científicos retirados de plataformas digitais confiáveis, publicados entre 2000 e 2024. Apesar dos desafios remanescentes, os contínuos avanços nesta área apontam a evolução da odontologia para um outro patamar, tendo em vista um futuro promissor na regeneração dentária e outras terapias inovadoras.
FISIOTERAPIA EM PACIENTES COM GONARTROSE
Authors: Gomes Luan Vieira , Lima Ronaldo Nunes
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Destacar a importância da fisioterapia no manejo do tratamento da gonartrose. Objetivo: Abordar os benefícios da fisioterapia para os pacientes. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura, utilizando teses, dissertações e artigos científicos nacionais e internacionais de bases de dados. Resultado: A revisão dos estudos sobre fisioterapia em pacientes com gonartrose revela resultados promissores e destaca a eficácia das intervenções fisioterapêuticas. Os resultados mostram melhora significativa na dor, função articular, força muscular e estabilidade. Conclusão: A Gonartrose, ou osteoartrite de joelho, é uma doença reumática degenerativa comum, especialmente em mulheres e idosos. A fisioterapia é essencial no manejo desta condição, proporcionando alívio da dor, melhora na mobilidade articular e qualidade de vida. Técnicas como cinesioterapia, eletroestimulação de Kot'z, crioterapia e terapia manual são eficazes na redução dos sintomas e na melhora funcional.
INDENIZAÇÃO POR ABANDONO AFETIVO: PROMOÇÃO DE JUSTIÇA PARA AS VÍTIMAS DEVIDO A OMISSÃO DA LEI
Authors: Nunes Icaro Mendes , Gomes Alisson Dias
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho analisa a complexa questão do abandono afetivo sob uma perspectiva jurídica e social, explorando as ramificações legais e os impactos sociológicos desse fenômeno. Investiguei as bases legais e jurisprudenciais que sustentam a possibilidade de indenização por danos emocionais causados pelo abandono afetivo, considerando o que está a disposição da legislação brasileira, seja pelo Estatuto da Criança e Adolescente, a própria Constituição Federal, e o entendimento de alguns magistrados quanto a problemática. Além disso, este artigo aborda as implicações sociais e familiares desse tipo de abandono, incluindo seus efeitos nas relações parentais e no desenvolvimento emocional de crianças e adolescentes para entender se a concessão da indenização por abandono afetivo é eficaz em promover justiça a vítima. Por meio de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, este estudo contribui para uma compreensão mais profunda das questões legais e sociais relacionadas ao abandono afetivo bem como os impactos que pode resultar na vida e no desenvolvimento de um indivíduo. Além de demonstrar quais parâmetros utilizados pela legislação com objetivo de estabelecer um parâmetro que se possa mensurar os prejuízos causados, visto que, não há legislação específica para tratar sobre o problema.
Genetic trends in body measurements at birth for Arabian horse in Türkiye
Authors: Hacan Özlem , Tekerli Mustafa , Çinkaya Samet , Demirtaş Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Changes in genetic variation in body measurements are a subject of interest. This study aimed to understand the changes in the genetic effects of body measurement at birth in Turkish Arabian foals over the years. Furthermore, estimating the sources of variation in body measurements at birth in Turkish Arabian foals, considering additive genetic, maternal genetic, and maternal permanent effects and the covariance between offspring and dams in animal models, was the objective of this study. The records for birth weight (BW), wither height (WH), chest circumference (CC), and cannon-bone circumference (CBC) of 2624 Arabian foals born between 1987 and 2007 in the Anadolu, Karacabey, and Sultansuyu agricultural enterprises were used in the analyses. Variance analysis for non-genetic effects showed that the effects of the farm, year of birth, sex, and dam age were significant (P<0.001) for all traits. Estimation of variance components and genetic parameters for body measurements was performed with the average information restricted maximum likelihood algorithm using six univariate animal models in the WOMBAT software. The best-fit model for each trait was identified based on Akaike's information criterion (AIC). Genetic trends were determined by performing linear regression analysis on the estimated breeding value (EBV) of the animals based on their year of birth. Additive direct heritabilities for BW, WH, CC, and CBC were 0.10 ± 0.04, 0.41 ± 0.07, 0.06 ± 0.03, and 0.30 ± 0.07, respectively. The estimates of maternal heritability for the corresponding traits were 0.24 ± 0.03, 0.05 ± 0.03, 0.09 ± 0.03, and 0.13 ± 0.03, respectively. Additive–maternal genetic correlations for BW, WH, CC, and CBC were 0.33, −0.13, −0.19, and −0.22, respectively. Genetic and phenotypic correlations were analyzed with multivariate animal models considering additive genetic, maternal genetic, and maternal permanent effects and ranged from 0.340 to 0.924. The low to moderate direct and maternal heritabilities with additive–maternal genetic correlations showed that the variation in morphometric traits in foals could be affected by these factors and needs to be considered. Genetic trends showed increased weight and chest circumference in foals at birth. Based on these findings, breeders may consider these traits when selecting horses in future breeding programs.
Aircraft Evaluation of MODIS Cloud Drop Number Concentration Retrievals
Authors: Passer Scarlet R. , Witte Mikael K. , Chuang Patrick Y.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Cloud droplet number concentration (Nd) can be retrieved through passive satellite observation. These retrievals are useful due to their wide spatial and temporal coverage. However, the accuracy of the retrieved values is not well understood. In this paper, we compare satellite Nd derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument with in situ aircraft measurements using a phase Doppler interferometer onboard three flight campaigns sampling marine stratocumulus clouds. Intercomparison of Nd values shows that the discrepancy between retrieved and in situ Nd can be ±50 % or more. In the mean, there is evidence of an overestimation bias by MODIS retrievals, although the sample size is insufficient for statistical certainty. We find that MODIS Nd is best interpreted as representative of the mid-cloud region, as there is almost always a greater discrepancy from in situ values near cloud top and cloud base. We also find evidence of cases where Nd is accurately retrieved, but effective radius is not, presumably due to offsetting errors in other retrieval parameters. Vertical profiles of extinction coefficient β, liquid water content L, and effective radius re measured during sawtooth-pattern flight legs through cloud top are also compared to implicit MODIS retrieval profiles. For the one case with Nd agreement, all profiles match well. For seven cases with significant disagreement, there is no consistent underlying cause. The discrepancy originates from either: (a) discrepancy in the re profile, (b) discrepancy in the β and L profiles, or (c) discrepancy in both.
A case for open communication of bugs in climate models, made with ICON version 2024.01
Authors: Proske Ulrike , Brüggemann Nils , Gärtner Jan P. , Gutjahr Oliver , Haak Helmuth , Putrasahan Dian , Wieners Karl-Hermann
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Climate models are not just numerical representations of scientific knowledge, they are also human-written software programs. As such, they contain coding mistakes, which may look mundane, but can affect the results of interconnected and complex models in unforeseen ways. These bugs are underacknowledged in the climate science community. We describe a sea ice bug in the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice model ICON and its history. The bug was caused by a logical flag that was set incorrectly, such that the ocean did not experience friction from sea ice and thus the surface velocity did not slow down, especially in the presence of ocean eddies. While describing the bug and its effects, we also give an example of visual and concise bug communication. In addition, we conceptualize this bug as representing a novel species of resolution-dependent bugs. These are long-standing bugs that are discovered during the transition to high-resolution climate models due to features that are resolved at the kilometer scale. This case study serves to illustrate the value of open documentation of bugs in climate models and to encourage our community to adopt a similar approach.
ISOM 1.0: a fully mesoscale-resolving idealized Southern Ocean model and the diversity of multiscale eddy interactions
Authors: Xie Jingwei , Wang Xi , Liu Hailong , Lin Pengfei , Yu Jiangfeng , Yu Zipeng , Wei Junlin , Han Xiang
Published: November 2024

Abstract. We describe an idealized Southern Ocean model (ISOM 1.0) that contains simplified iconic topographic features in the Southern Ocean and conduct a fully mesoscale-resolving simulation with the horizontal resolution of 2 km, based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model. The model obtains a fully developed and vigorous mesoscale eddying field with a k−3 eddy kinetic energy spectrum and captures the topographic effect on stratification and large-scale flow. To make a natural introduction of large eddy simulation (LES) methods to ocean mesoscale parameterization, we propose the concept of mesoscale ocean direct numerical simulation (MODNS). A qualified MODNS dataset should resolve the first baroclinic deformation radius and ensure that the affected scales by the dissipation schemes are sufficiently smaller than the radius. Such datasets can serve as the benchmark for a priori and a posteriori tests of LES schemes or mesoscale ocean large eddy simulation (MOLES) methods in ocean general circulation models. The 2 km simulation can meet the requirement of MODNS and also capture submesoscale effects. Therefore, its output can be a type of MODNS and provide reliable data support for relevant a priori and a posteriori tests. We demonstrate the diversity of multiscale eddy interactions, validate the crucial role of mesoscale-related strain in submesoscale processes, and uncover the bridge effect of submesoscale processes between mesoscale entities and in the eddy–jet interaction. In addition, we use the model to conduct multipassive tracer experiments and reveal guidelines for the initial settings of passive tracers to delay the homogenization process and ensure the mutual independence of tracers over a long period.
Integrated Catchment Classification Across China Based on Hydroclimatological and Geomorphological Similarities Using Self-Organizing Maps and Fuzzy C-Means Clustering for Hydrological Modeling
Authors: Niu Jiefan , Zhang Ke , Li Xi , Bao Hongjun
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Accurately identifying similar catchments is crucial for transferring model parameters and improving hydrological modeling, especially in ungauged regions with varied climates and topographies. This study presents an integrated method for catchment classification by combining Self-Organizing Maps artificial neural network (SOM) and Fuzzy C-Means clustering (FCM), utilizing hydrometeorological and geomorphological data. We evaluated six climate indices and fifteen landscape characteristics for catchments across China, identifying key variables through correlation and principal component analyses. The optimal classification produced six distinct climate regions and 35 catchment types with unique streamflow patterns. Validation using ten catchments confirmed the effectiveness of the SOM-FCM approach. The study underscores the importance of considering both climate and landscape factors for a comprehensive classification of catchments, offering valuable insights for hydrological model predictions in ungauged areas and enhancing our understanding of hydrological processes at various timescales.
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of Sweden
Authors: Joshi Niranjan , Lund Björn , Roberts Roland
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Assessing seismic hazard in stable continental regions such as Sweden poses unique challenges compared to active seismic regions. With diffuse seismicity, low seismicity rate, few large-magnitude earthquakes and little strong-motion data, estimating recurrence parameters and determining appropriate attenuation relationships is challenging. This study presents a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of Sweden based on a recent earthquake catalogue, which includes a high number of events with magnitudes ranging from Mw −1.4 to Mw 5.9, enabling recurrence parameters to be calculated for smaller source zones than in previous studies and with less uncertainty. Recent ground motion models developed specifically for stable continental regions, including Fennoscandia, are used in the logic tree accounting for their uncertainty, and the hazard is calculated using the OpenQuake engine. The results are presented in the form of mean peak ground acceleration (PGA) maps at 475- and 2500-year return periods and hazard curves for four seismically active areas in Sweden. We find the highest hazard in Sweden in the northernmost part of the country, in the post-glacial fault province. This is in contrast to previous studies, which have not considered the relatively high seismic activity on the post-glacial faults. We also find hazard to be relatively high along the northeast coast and in southwestern Sweden, whereas the southeast of Sweden and the mountain region to the northwest have low hazard. For a 475-year return period we estimate the highest PGA values to be 0.04–0.06 g in the far north, and for a 2500-year return period it is 0.1–0.15 g in the same area. Much remains to be addressed in regards to the intraplate seismicity in Sweden, including the homogenization of small local magnitudes with large moment magnitudes, the occurrence of large events in areas with little prior seismicity and the uncertainties surrounding the potential for large earthquakes on the post-glacial faults in northern Fennoscandia.
Low-intensity insect herbivory could have large effects on ecosystem productivity through reduced canopy photosynthesis
Authors: Visakorpi Kristiina , Gripenberg Sofia , Malhi Yadvinder , Riutta Terhi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Our current understanding of the effect of insect herbivory on ecosystem productivity is limited. Previous studies have typically quantified only the amount of leaf area loss or have been conducted during outbreak years when levels of herbivory are much higher than on average. These set-ups often do not take into account the physiological changes taking place in the remaining plant tissue after insect attack or do not represent typical, non-outbreak herbivore densities. Here, we estimate the effect of non-outbreak densities of insect herbivores on gross primary productivity in a temperate oak forest both through leaf area loss and through changes in leaf gas exchange. We first conduct a meta-analysis to assess evidence of herbivory-induced changes in photosynthesis in the literature. We then estimate how canopy primary productivity changes with decreasing and increasing levels of herbivory by using a canopy upscaling model and the average leaf-level effect based on the literature. The meta-analysis revealed a wide range of effects of herbivory on leaf photosynthesis, ranging from a reduction of 82 % to an increase of 49 %. On average, herbivory reduces the photosynthetic rate in the remaining leaf tissue by 16 % [6 %–27 %; 95 % CI]. The gross primary productivity of an oak stand under normal (5 % leaf area loss) levels of herbivory is estimated on average to be 13 % [5 %–21 %] lower than that of a non-herbivorized stand, once physiological changes in the intact plant tissue are considered. We propose that the effect of insect herbivory on primary productivity is non-linear and determined mainly by changes in leaf gas exchange and the pattern at which herbivory spreads through the canopy. We call for replicated studies in different systems to validate the relationship between insect herbivory and ecosystem productivity proposed here.
Comparison of Maternal Infectious Morbidity of Two Methods of Fetal Delivery During Cesarean Section at Full Cervical Dilatation
Authors: Arsh  , Syeda Sitwat Fatima  , Hayat Nazish , Liaqat Nazia
Published: November 2024

Background: Caesarean section at full cervical dilatation is accompanied by higher risks of complications including the difficulties in delivering babies with deeply impacted heads. Different techniques are used to deal with this challenge. The two commonly used methods are push method and pull method. Objectives: To compare maternal infectious morbidity between reverse breech extraction and vaginal head push technique, for delivering baby, during second stage cesarean section. Materials and Methods: A total of 170 women with caesarean section at full cervical dilatation due to failure to progress, singleton alive fetus, cephalic presentation took part in this observational study conducted, from 1st February 2019 to 31st January 2022 at OBGYN Department LRH, MTI Peshawar. Women with multiple pregnancies, fetal distress, fetal anomalies, previous uterine scar, chorioamniotis, fever were excluded. In Group I women, head push technique and, in group II women, pull method was performed. All women were followed till first week of birth for pyrexia, wound infections and blood transfusion.Results: Maternal pyrexia developed in 13 (15.29%) patients in the pull method/Group II women, and 25 (29.41%) in the push approach group (p = 0.047). Infection of caesarean wound occurred in 04 (4.71%) in Group II, and 12 (14.12%) of Group I women (p = 0.065). Blood transfusion was needed in 25(29.41%) of Group II and, in 19(22.35%) cases of Group I (p=0.381).Conclusion: This study concluded that maternal outcome in terms of infectious morbidity is better after breech extraction in caesarean section during second stage of labour.Keywords: Head push, pyrexia, Reverse breech extraction, Wound infection.
Crowns and Bridges Failure: Reasons and Type of Disassembly
Authors: Muhammad Sartaj Khan  , Atta Ur Rahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Crowns and fixed partial dentures are widely used for esthetics and function all over the world. During their service life such prostheses fail for various reasons where a need arise for removal or disassembly. Objectives: Objective of the study was to determine the reasons and types of crown and fixed partial denture disassembly.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Prosthodontics Department, Peshawar Dental College, Peshawar from April 1st 2022 to September 28th 2023. A total of 140 patients including males and females, who reported to department for disassembly of their failed metal-ceramic crowns and bridges, were included in the study. Fixed prostheses already decemented and who reported for re-cementation were excluded. Before performing disassembly of prostheses data was recorded about the age, gender, service life of prosthesis, location in either arch, place of preparation and reasons for removal. At the end technique of removal was observed to categorize it as conservative, semi-conservative and destructive. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for various variables of the study.Results: The study had 46% males (n=65) and 54% female (n=75) with a ratio of 0.85. Patients had an age ranging from 20 to 65 years (mean 44 years, SD ± 13.8 years). Failed crowns were more than bridges. Failed prostheses were found more in mandibular arch (59%, n=83) and mostly in posterior segments (74%, n=103) of arches. Majority of prostheses were porcelain fused to metal and biological failure (66%, n=93) was the main reason for prosthesis disassembly. In more than two thirds of cases prostheses were removed conservatively. Conclusions: Carious and pulpal involvement of abutments teeth was the main reason for removal of majority of porcelain fused to metal restorations. In majority of cases disassembly was performed conservatively.Keywords: Crown/bridge disassembly, Fixed partial dentures, Prosthesis failure, Survival of crown/ bridges
Role of Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidants in Diagnosis of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Fareha Saleem  , Shumaela Kanwal  , Misbah ul Qamar  , Yasmeen Ahmed  , Maimona Tabbasum  , Ayesha Riaz
Published: November 2024

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic disease affecting oral cavity. The pathological changes in this disease cause an increase in markers of oxidative stress and decrease in antioxidants. Measuring the levels of these markers in blood can help in diagnosis of disease. Objective: To determine the levels of lysyl oxidase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione in patients of oral submucous fibrosis.Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional comparative study conducted at Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore. After the approval of ethical review board, a total of 100 subjects (50 control and 50 patients) were enrolled in the study. Informed written consent was taken from the participants of the study. The levels of lysyl oxidase were measured in the serum samples of patients and were compared with the healthy controls using ELIZA kit (Bio Vendor). Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione were measured by spectrophotometric method.Results: Significantly increasing trends of lysyl oxidase (50.26±10.25pg/ml vs.41.26±5.29pg/ml), MDA (5.65±.065 nmol/ml vs. 1.2±0.956 nmol/ml) and low level of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione were observed in oral submucous fibrosis (0.125±.0956 U/gHb, 1.7±.0259 U/gHb and 1.36±.0325 ìmol/L respectively) in comparison with healthy subjects (0.65±.0156 U/gHb, 4.26±2.056 U/gHb and 10.25±3.29 ìmol/L respectively).Conclusion: Lysyl oxidase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione can be used as a diagnostic marker of oral submucous fibrosis. Keywords: Antioxidants, Iysyl oxidase, Malondialdehyde, Oral submucous fibrosis.
Cervical Metastasis in Patients with Gingivo-Alveolar Complex Squamous Cell Carcinoma- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Akhtar Ali  , Syeda Masooma  , Muhammad Sulaiman  , Umer Ullah  , Waleed Ali  , Muslim Khan
Published: November 2024

Background: The aggressive nature of squamous cell carcinoma is evident due to early bone invasion and metastasis, which are crucial factors influencing prognosis in cancer patients.Objective: To assess cervical metastasis among patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the gingivo-alveolar complex.Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the gingivo-alveolar complex were confirmed through incisional/excisional biopsy under local/general anesthesia. Grading was performed in the same laboratory to prevent bias. Comprehensive histories were taken, followed by clinical examinations to palpate cervical lymph nodes across all levels. All patients were advised to undergo CT scans for occult nodal metastasis. The Chi-Square test was used to analyze the association of lymph node involvement and metastasis with age and gender.Results: Of total 114 (81.4%) were males, and 26 (18.6%) were females, with a mean age of 52.7±10.24 years. Level I was the most common presenting stage, observed in 64 (45.71%) of OSCC cases, followed by combined level I & II and level I-IV in 9.29% and level II in 2.14% of cases. Lymph node involvement was absent (no metastasis) in 32.14% of cases. Males showed higher lymph node involvement at each level compared to females, with statistically insignificant age-wise differences. Metastasis was observed in more than half of the cases, with the mandible (76.6%) being more commonly affected than the maxilla (23.6%).Conclusion: Cervical metastasis is more frequently seen in the mandible, primarily extending up to level I, and is more common in males.Keywords: Cervical metastasis, Lymph nodes, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Comparison between Smokers and Non-Smokers receiving Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Male Patients at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar
Authors: Nousheen Daud  , Saadia Sultana  , Huma Abid  , Naila Noreen
Published: November 2024

Background: Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory ailment, significantly impacts dental stability. Smoking has been identified as a critical risk factor, exacerbating periodontal disease severity and impeding treatment efficacy.Objective: To compare gingival health of non-surgical periodontal therapy between smokers and non-smokers, measuring specific outcomes such as plaque index reduction, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level improvements. Materials and Methods: This observational cohort study was carried over six-month duration. A total of 133 male subjects, aged 32- to 51-years, with chronic periodontitis were recruited. They were divided into smokers (n=65) and non-smokers (n=68). The major criterion for selection of both cohorts was a history of cigarette smoking. The study was conducted in three phases: baseline periodontal evaluations and follow-up evaluations at three and six months. Periodontal status was evaluated by measuring critical indicators of periodontal health: the presence of dental plaque, calculus, and gingival bleeding on probing and reduction in clinical attachment levels. Results: Non-smoker experienced a reduction in the plaque index from 2.1 ± 0.5 at baseline to 1.6 ± 0.3 at 6 months, p--0.005. However, smokers 2.4 ± 0.6 to 2.0 ± 0.4 experienced, if verified using this penultimate way it is p-0.018. Similarly, the bleeding index in non-smokers dropped from 2.9±0.6 down to 2.3 ± 0.3 (p-0.005), while smokers experienced this change 3.2±0.7 to 2.7±0.5 (p=0.018). Moreover, loss of attachment became better in non-smokers averaged 3.2±0.7 mm before and 2.7±0.5 mm after treatment (p-0.005), On the other hand an improvement was made while this could only be seen by smoking patients. Conclusion: Smoking significantly impedes the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy. The findings reinforce the need for smoking cessation to enhance treatment outcomes in periodontitis patients.Keywords: Bleeding Index, Loss of Attachment, Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy, Non-Smokers, Periodontal Disease, Plaque Index, Smoking.
Factors Influencing Timely Diagnosis and Management of Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI) in Emergency Departments
Authors: Imranullah  , Saqib Qayyum  , Muhammad Khalid Siddique  , Athar Badshah  , Azaz Ayubi  , Arham Hai
Published: November 2024

Background: Acute limb ischemia (ALI)” is a potentially disabling condition Especially in younger patients, early recognition and prompt administration of appropriate therapy play a vital role in reducing mental distress, as well as loss of limbs and fatalities.Objectives: To determine frequency of various reasons for delayed presentation of acute limb ischemia (ALI) at Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study Conducted at Department of Vasculer Surgery Combine military Hospital Rawalpindi from june 2023 to November 2023. After inform consent all patients suspected having Acute limb ischemia were included in the study. Results: In our study, mean age was 45.52 ± 6.47 years. 45 (60.00%) patients were male while 30 (40.00%) were female. Mean duration of onset of symptoms was 10.67 ± 2.55 hours. Most common reason of delay in presentation was lack of patient access to the specialist vascular surgeon 25 (33.30%) followed by lack of awareness of the condition 19 (25.30%), financial constraints 13 (17.30%), lack of timely referral to the specialist vascular surgeon by the general practitioner 11 (14.70%) and delay in referral from the primary health care facility 7 (9.30%). In our study, frequency of loss of the limb in study participants was 13 (17.30%).Conclusion: Lack of patient access to the specialist vascular surgeon and disease awareness are the most common reasons for delayed patient presentation who suffers from “acute limb ischemia (ALI)”. Keywords: Acute Limb Ischemia, Awareness, Delayed Presentation, Reasons, Vascular Surgery.
Estimating Age on the Autopsy Table: A Postmortem Study of Forensic Investigations
Authors: Zulfiqar Ali Buzdar  , Tasneem Murad  , Sheeba Shabbir  , Anwaar Ahmed  , Tufail Ahmed Soomro  , Riffat Masood
Published: November 2024

Background: Forensic investigation are sensitive and needs to be accurate before presentation to the court of law like determination of exact age on autopsy. Establishing identification of unknown individual amid criminal investigation is vital to hold the actual perpetrator accountable. The first and foremost in such investigation is the determination of age.Objectives: To estimate the age of a deceased within a ±10 years range by quantitatively assessing cranial suture closure using standardized techniques, aiming to complete data collection and analysis within 9 months.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study to analyze the degree of suture closure (by Acsádi Nemeskéri scoring scale) of the cranial vault of 90 human cadavers by utilizing non-probability consecutive convenient sampling technique from January 15, 2016 to September 30, 2016 in the mortuary of the department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology of King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.Results: The study evaluated the degree of suture closure showing complete closure across all the subsections of the sagittal suture with complete closure showing that the age was less than 60 years in deceased individuals. Complete closure of more than two third of the area of the coronal and lambdoid suture suggested that the age was somewhere between 51 to 60 years. Conclusion: The study concluded that the age can be estimated from the status of fusion of the cranial sutures of the vault with certain degree of accuracy. The closure was evident as incipient closure in thirties to advanced closure or closure in progress in forties. Complete closure was observed after 60 years of age in all the sutures.Keywords: Age, Cranium, Forensic Investigation, Forensic Autopsy, Skull, Suture, Vault.
Thực trạng phát triển đội ngũ cán bộ quản lý ở các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An
Authors: Trần Công Khanh
Published: November 2024

Bài viết tìm hiểu và đánh giá thực trạng phát triển đội ngũ cán bộ quản lý ở các trường tiểu học tại huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An. Tác giả thông qua phương pháp điều tra bằng bảng hỏi từ lãnh đạo, chuyên viên phòng giáo dục và đào tạo, cán bộ quản lý nhà trường, giáo viên của 11 trường tiểu học ở huyện Cần Đước và xử lý số liệu theo thang đo 4 mức độ để tính điểm trung bình; độ lệch chuẩn và xếp hạng. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, mặc dù công tác phát triển đội ngũ cán bộ quản lý các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An trong thời gian qua được các cơ quan quản lý giáo dục và các nhà trường quan tâm và chất lượng đội ngũ có những kết quả tiến bộ, nhưng vẫn còn những hạn chế, bất cập cần khắc phục. Đây là cơ sở thực tiễn để đề xuất các biện pháp phát triển đội ngũ cán bộ quản lý các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An đáp ứng được các yêu cầu về số lượng, cơ cấu, năng lực chuyên môn và phẩm chất, nhằm đảm bảo hiệu quả quản lý giáo dục và thực hiện thành công Chương trình Giáo dục phổ thông 2018 trong thời gian tới.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh ở các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An
Authors: Đoàn Phạm Linh Phương
Published: November 2024

Chương trình Giáo dục phổ thông 2018 đã nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của hoạt động trải nghiệm trong việc phát triển phẩm chất và năng lực của học sinh, đặc biệt là ở bậc tiểu học. Đây là giai đoạn quan trọng để hình thành nhận thức, nhân cách và kỹ năng sống cho trẻ em. Bài viết trình bày thực trạng quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh ở các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An, thông qua điều tra bằng bảng hỏi từ cán bộ quản lý, giáo viên và học sinh của 11 trường tiểu học ở huyện Cần Đước. Kết quả khảo sát được xử lý số liệu theo thang đo 5 mức độ để tính tỉ lệ phần trăm; tính điểm trung bình; độ lệch chuẩn và xếp hạng. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, mặc dù công tác quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh ở các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An trong thời gian qua được các nhà trường quan tâm, có những chuyển biến mới về kết quả nhưng vẫn còn những hạn chế, bất cập cần khắc phục. Đây là cơ sở thực tiễn để đề xuất các giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh ở các trường tiểu học huyện Cần Đước, tỉnh Long An trong thời gian tới.
Akuntansi dalam Membangun BUMDes
Authors: Fatimah Annisa , Nurindrasari Diana , Dwi Ernawati Widi , Astri Pratiwi Claurizsanti , Permata Sari Novita , Izza Syarifah Saila
Published: November 2024

Buku ini membahas tentang Akuntansi yang tidak hanya mencakup pencatatan transaksi, tetapi juga interpretasi dan pelaporan informasi keuangan, khususnya bagi BUMDes. Sebuah desa mendirikan BUMDes untuk menjalankan proyek yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatan desa dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan, akuntansi BUMDes sangat penting karena merupakan bagian dari manajemen keuangan desa. Dengan menerapkan standar akuntansi yang baik, BUMDes dapat meningkatkan akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan efektivitas penggunaan dana. Kinerja keuangan dipengaruhi oleh kinerja pengelolaan BUMDes, dan ilmu akuntansi memainkan peran penting dalam mengelola BUMDes sehingga kesuksesan BUMDes sangat bergantung pada ilmu akuntansi. BUMDes dapat mencapai tujuannya untuk meningkatkan pendapatan desa dan kesejahteraan melalui pengelolaan keuangan yang efektif, transparan, dan analisis berbasis data. Jadi, sinergi ilmu akuntansi dalam membangun Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) sangat penting untuk meningkatkan efektivitas, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan.
Algor-ética y una mirada bioética a la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Gamboa-Bernal Gilberto A.
Published: November 2024

La irrupción de la Inteligencia artificial (IA) causa esperanzas e incertidumbres, por las amplias posibilidades que tiene, pero también por los riesgos que representa. Luego de explicar sucintamente en qué consiste la IA, se exponen ejemplos de la presencia de sistemas y aplicaciones en distintos y dispares campos: en la industria, la biotecnología, el cambio climático, la medicina, los negocios, el entretenimiento y las finanzas. Los efectos que la IA puede causar en el planeta, en la cultura y en la vida de los seres humanos hace necesaria una reflexión sobre la eticidad de esas aplicaciones, pues su omnipresencia puede derivar en una algor-cracia (la era digital gobernada por algoritmos) por lo que es necesario pensar y desarrollar una algor-ética, que oriente la utilización de la IA y sus aplicaciones. Se ofrece un decálogo de pautas éticas que permitirán que aquello es técnicamente posible, esté a favor de los seres humanos y nunca les haga daño, ni propicie condiciones adversas o lesivas para ellos. Además de la regulación ética y bioética, las aplicaciones de la IA necesitan un marco jurídico. Se comenta brevemente la Ley de Inteligencia artificial, aprobada por el Parlamento Europeo en marzo del 2024 y redactada con un enfoque basado en el riesgo. Se concluye que son imprescindibles unos parámetros éticos y bioéticos que humanicen la IA, sobre la base de una antropología verdadera, que garantice su utilización al servicio de lo humano, poniendo en el centro la primacía de la dignidad humana.
Automatic detection of active fires and burnt areas in forest areas using optical satellite imagery and deep learning methods
Authors: Demirel Yasin , Türk Tarık
Published: November 2024

Forest fires have important ecological, social and economic consequences causing loss of life and property. In order to prevent these consequences, it is very important to intervene in active fires in a timely manner and to determine the extent of burnt areas as soon as possible. In such studies, remote sensing methods provide great benefits in terms of speed and cost. In recent years, various methods have been developed to segment active fires and burnt areas with satellite images. Deep learning methods successfully perform segmentation processes in many areas such as disease detection in the field of health, crop type determination in the field of agriculture, land use and building detection in the field of urbanization. In this study, a method has been developed that automatically detects both active fires and burned areas that need to be re-enacted in terms of location and area size by using the same Sentinel 2 scene in a single time using deep learning methods. In particular, a new training and validation data set was created to train the U-Net+InceptionResNetV2 (CNN) model. By combining the powerful features of U-Net with InceptionResNet V2, a convolutional neural network trained over more than one million images on the ImageNet very base, we aim to examine its capabilities in burned area and active fire detection. The model applied on the test data has been shown to give successful results with an overall accuracy of 0.97 and an IoU (Intersection over union) value of 0.88 in the detection of burnt areas, and an overall accuracy of 0.99 and an IoU value of 0.82 in the detection of active fires. Finally, when the test images that were not used in the training dataset were evaluated with the trained model, it was revealed that the results were quite consistent in the detection of active fires and burnt areas and their geographical locations.
規矩與方圓：例釋《論語‧學而篇》首章語譯的訓詁學意義
Authors: 高大威 高大威
Published: November 2024

訓詁是傳統學者治學所不可或缺的根柢，過往文本的原義必須透過訓詁，對其基本層次的理解方能避免誤讀，進而使義理的闡發較為可信。訓詁既是理解文獻原義的依傍，也是檢覈相關說解的工具，它在經典釋義範疇應用之深之廣，已無待贅言，學界往往忽略了訓詁對古籍語譯的意義。現代學者在對古典的研讀、教學以及普及工作上，時須經由語譯予以轉換，唯語譯或良或窳，常缺乏客觀準據，甚或因毫釐之差而生千里之謬。本文即以《論語‧學而篇》首章為例，具體論證訓詁對古籍語譯的重要意義。

 

Exegesis is an indispensable foundation for traditional scholars in academic research. The original meanings of past texts must be understood through exegesis to avoid misinterpretation at a fundamental level, thereby facilitating a more credible exposition of their significance. Exegesis serves as both a basic for comprehending the original intentions of literature and a tool for scrutinizing relevant interpretations and explanations. Its extensive and profound application in the realm of classical text interpretation goes without saying, yet the academic community often overlooks its significance in the translation of ancient texts.Contemporary scholars, in their study, teaching, and efforts towards popularizing classical works, often need to translate them. However, the outcomes of translation, whether commendable or deficient, frequently lack objective criteria, and even a minute discrepancy can give rise to substantial errors. This paper takes the first chapter of “the Analects” as an example to specifically argue for the vital significance of exegesisin the translation of ancient texts.

 
Rettferd i variantoppgåver med tilfeldig trekking
Authors: Sindre Guttorm
Published: November 2024

I automatiserte prøver som studentar skal kunne ta om att mange gonger, er det behov for å lage store mengder oppgåver som blir trekte tilfeldig frå gong til gong. Ved formativ bruk av prøvene trengst variantar for å unngå at stu-dentar etter kvart svarer rett på alt berre ved å pugge svar, og ved summativ bruk av prøvene trengst variantar for å hindre at gjentak gir ein urettvis for-del framfor å ta prøva på første forsøk. Eit mogeleg problem med tilfeldig trekking mellom mange variantar, er dersom variantane har ulik vanskegrad, slik at studentar kan vere meir eller mindre heldige med kva oppgåver som blir trekte for dei. Denne artikkelen ser på nokre variantoppgåver som blei brukte både i formative treningstestar og summative meistringstestar i eit innleiande programmeringskurs i Python for førsteårs universitetsstudentar, meir spesifikt oppgåver som skulle teste forståing av if-setningar i Python. Spørsmåla vi ser på er følgjande: 1) Kva analyser kan faglærar gjere for å sjekke om oppgåvevarianter er rettferdige? 2) Var oppgåvene rettferdige ved dette konkrete høvet? 2) I den grad det blei funne variasjon i vanskegrad mellom variantar, kva var årsaka til denne? Spørsmåla blei undersøkte ved statistisk analyse av anonymiserte studentprestasjonar oppgåvene. Funn ty-der på at jamvel om kodekompleksiteten var lik i alle variantane, var det noko variasjon i vanskegrad. Mogeleg forklaring kan liggje i samanhengen mellom koden og den tekstlege utforminga av oppgåveteksten eller svaral-ternativa. Artikkelen avsluttar med idear til korleis oppgåvene kunne ha vore gitt på ein meir rettferdig måte.
Activo comprometidos en operaciones de financiación garantizada en el sector bancario español
Authors: Cáceres Esther , San Vicente Jorge
Published: November 2024

El acceso a la financiación por parte de las entidades de crédito es clave para su supervivencia,
especialmente en períodos de crisis en los que se deteriora la liquidez de los mercados. En
estos períodos, la disponibilidad de activos que es posible emplear como garantías puede ser
fundamental para mantener el recurso a la financiación. En este artículo se analiza la capacidad
de acceso al mercado de financiación garantizada del sector bancario español desde finales de
2014, cuando entró en vigor el marco de divulgación sobre los activos comprometidos en este
tipo de operaciones (asset encumbrance) de la Autoridad Bancaria Europea (ABE). El análisis
muestra que en España, al igual que en el resto de los países europeos, la proporción de
activos con cargas en operaciones de financiación garantizada ha seguido una tendencia
descendente desde 2022. Esta mayor disponibilidad de activos libres de cargas proporciona
una mayor facilidad a las entidades bancarias para acceder a la financiación en los mercados
financieros.
Evaluation of telehealth knowledge, attitudes and experiences of medical faculty students
Authors: Özel Ümmügülsüm , Topbaş Murat , Beyhun Nazım Ercüment
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and experiences of students in a medical school about telehealth.
Method: The data of this descriptive study were collected through face-to-face questionnaire interviews. A total of 603 medical faculty students selected by convenience sampling method were included in the study by completing the survey form completely.
Results: 89.1% of the students had no telehealth experience during medical education. The mean score of the telehealth attitude questionnaire of the medical students participating in the study was 46.7 ± 9.4 (9.0-79.0). Attitude questionnaire scores of preclinical students were significantly higher than those of clinical students (p=0.018). The perceived telehealth knowledge level, which was stated by the students on a scale of 1-10, was 1.9 ± 1.4 on average.
Conclusion: This study shows that medical students' knowledge about telehealth is insufficient and almost all of the students didn’t experience telehealth during their medical faculty education. It’s thought that students' telehealth attitudes will be an important determinant of their use of telehealth in clinical practice. This study will benefit the educational interventions that can be made to medical students in terms of showing which methods used in the field of telehealth are known.
Konflik Kepentingan dalam Pengelolaan Tanah Kas Desa Tinjauan Hukum terhadap Penebangan Tanaman di Desa Pace, Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Ohoiwutun Y.A , Rato Dominikus , Harindinata Allen , Khawarizmi Unais Fahmi , Zainudin
Published: November 2024

Pengelolaan tanah kas desa merupakan aspek penting dalam administrasi desa, yang sering kali menimbulkan konflik kepentingan di antara berbagai pihak. Tanah khas desa, sebagai suatu aset strategis yang dimiliki oleh desa, memiliki potensi besar untuk diolah dan dimanfaatkan bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Namun dalam implementasinya terdapat oknum-oknum yang tedak bertanggung jawab yang merusak citra kesejahteraan dalam masyarakat. Metode penelitian ini memakai yuridis Normatif untuk menjelaskan norma hukum positif yang digunakan, dalam pembahasan pengelola aset desa memiliki potensi untuk menyalahgunakan kekuasaan demi kepentingan pribadi. Teori Talcott Parsons menggarisbawahi konflik dalam pengelolaan tanah kas desa merupakan kegagalan fungsi-fungsi penting dari sistem sosial yang gagal dalam kasus penebangan tanaman kopi Milo di Desa Pace, Kabupaten Jember, sebagaimana Penebangan tanaman kopi Milo tanpa izin tidak hanya melanggar Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) terkait perusakan barang milik orang lain, tetapi juga menyalahi Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa yang menuntut transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan aset desa. Selain itu, tindakan tersebut juga melanggar hak perlindungan varietas tanaman yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2000, di mana varietas kopi Milo yang telah terdaftar dilindungi oleh hukum. Pelanggaran ini mengakibatkan kerugian materiil bagi pemilik lahan dan mengancam kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pemerintah desa.
Pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment of depression within collaborative care models among nursing students
Authors: Alanazi Hamad Huran F , Alqarni Ali Mohammed S , Alamri Abdullah Abdulqader H , Alqahtani Salem Faraj M , Al-Faridi Salman Ghazi , Altawyan Yazeed Sulaiman S , Al-Harbi Ziad Bin Badi Hamoud , Fnees Husain
Published: November 2024

Background: Depression and stress are prevalent among nursing students and healthcare professionals, impacting their mental health and academic performance. In nursing students, depression is a significant concern, with studies showing high prevalence rates globally, particularly in Asia. Contributing factors include academic pressures, emotional strain, and concerns about clinical practice. As these issues worsen, they lead to impaired cognitive functioning, academic performance, and clinical competencies, increasing the risk of suicide among affected individuals. Aim: This article aims to review both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for managing depression and stress among nursing students, focusing on their effectiveness within collaborative care models. Methods: The article utilizes a review of existing literature, including meta-analyses and systematic reviews, to evaluate the efficacy of pharmacological treatments (such as antidepressants) and non-pharmacological approaches (like mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and stress management interventions). The analysis also includes the assessment of intervention methods, duration, and follow-up outcomes. Results: Pharmacological treatments, including antidepressants, are commonly prescribed and have shown positive outcomes in alleviating symptoms of depression. However, side effects and patient preferences for psychotherapy suggest a need for balanced approaches. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as mindfulness and cognitive therapy, have demonstrated mixed results,,,