bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legislation and Regulation of Individual Help-Seeking Online Crowdfunding Platforms
Authors: Lu Xitao
Published: March 2022

The booming development of online crowdfunding has given rise to individual help-seeking online crowdfunding platforms, which have both profit-making and charitable functions and are not regulated by existing laws. The current legislation does not specify the obligation to review the information of the platforms, the responsibility to supervise the finance, and the obligation to supervise the remaining money of the platforms. The legislation should regulate individual help-seeking online crowdfunding platforms by setting the information review obligations of the platforms, stipulating the supervisory responsibilities of the platforms for the funds raised, and clarifying the supervisory obligations of the platforms for the remaining funds, which can promote the standardized development of individual help-seeking online crowdfunding and facilitate the progress of China's charitable cause.
The Balance Between the Public Order Preservation Policy and the Protection of Children's Interests in Cross-Border Surrogate Parentage
Authors: Wu Wanying
Published: March 2022

The international community is widely divided on the validity of surrogacy, which has led to the phenomenon of cross-border surrogacy conflicts and triggered the application of public order reservation on the issue of cross-border surrogacy and recognition of foreign surrogacy judgments. In the process of applying public order, the judges of various countries are prone to abuse their discretionary power due to the rigidity of the connotation and theory of public order, and the unclear standard of invoking public order, which interferes with family life and is detrimental to the protection of children. This paper argues that in the parent-child relationship of cross-border surrogacy, public order reservation and protection of children's interests are equally important issues, and cross-border surrogacy judgments should strike a reasonable balance between public order reservation and the principle of the best interests of children. Not only it is necessary to enrich the theory of public order reservation and improve the rules of its application, but the principle of the best interests of the child should be implemented to the greatest extent possible to protect the interests of the surrogate child.
Anti-Poverty Performance Assessment and Forecasting
Authors: Wang Zhengyao
Published: March 2022

In order to further help each unit that mitigates the poverty of impoverished regions to improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation, this paper establishes a poverty alleviation performance evaluation index system. Firstly, we analyze the correlation among poverty alleviation indicators through a matrix density diagram. Second, the questions are divided into target layer (poverty alleviation performance), criterion layer (poverty alleviation efficiency, poverty alleviation effect, and poverty alleviation rate), and indicator layer, and the fuzzy hierarchical integrated evaluation method is used to calculate the performance score of each poverty alleviation unit. In addition, based on the historical data, support vector machines were used to calculate the grading rules and predict whether the village could be awarded the title of "advanced village in poverty alleviation". Finally, based on the study, recommendations were made to the National Poverty Alleviation Office for the differences in the individuality of the villages and the distribution of the work content of the poverty alleviation units.
Measurement of Tibial Bone Length and Body Weight as Factors that Determine The Running Speed of 5th Grade Elementary School Students
Authors: Munawaroh Siti , Nooratisya Aisyah , Tamtomo Didik Gunawan
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Improving the quality of human resources in the field of sports needs to be done by coaching from an early age. One of the things that can be done is to find and identify the talents possessed by elementary school students to find out the potential for sports that are following the child's talents. Running is an important sport in early school development. In the 100 meter sprint, runners try to achieve maximum speed, one of which is influenced by body structure. The longer the legs, the faster they run. On the other hand, with a child's weight, the greater the weight, the slower it tends to be. This research aims to determine the effect of tibia bone length and body weight on running speed.

Methods: The activity was carried out at the State Elementary School 15 Mangkubumen Lor Surakarta. Class V. There were 33 students involved in the measurement of the foot length and weight. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis are used as educational material and input for sports teachers at the school.

Results and discussions: The average leg length was 30.51 cm and the average weight was 36.33 Kg. While the average running speed is 4.74 m/s. Statistical test of the regression coefficient showed that leg length (β = 0.424; p = 0.018) and body weight (β = -0.488; p = 0.007) means that these two components have an effect on running speed.

Conclusion: Leg length has a positive effect while weight has a negative effect on running speed.

 

 
Mineralogy of Loess in Southern European Russia: X-Ray Diffraction Data
Authors: Khansivarova N.M. , Levchenko S.V. , Bondareva O.S. , Lednev A.N.
Published: March 2022

—The mineralogy of loess and loess-like sediments has important implications for the mechanisms of postdepositional alteration, as well as for environmental and geotechnical issues. The geotechnical properties of soils, their mechanical strength, and the bearing capacity of the soil foundations depend on the mineral species, their percentages, and relationships. Clay minerals control the mass transport processes which have bearing on pollution of ground and waters. Loess covers vast territories in all continents, including southern Russia, West Siberia, southern East Siberia, Russian Far East, Transbaikalia, and other regions. Loess and loess-like sediments have specific genetic, lithological, geotechnical, stratigraphic, and geomorphic features. The mineralogy of Quaternary loess has been studied using X-ray diffraction, chemical, and particle size analyses, following the standard techniques, with reference to earlier published evidence. The study area comprises three watershed provinces in the southeastern Russian Plain (southern European Russia). The results have geotechnical and environmental applications for loess provinces.
Generating Hematopoietic Stem Cells from AGM-derived Hemogenic Precursors in a Stroma-free Engineered Niche
Authors: Dignum Tessa , Varnum-Finney Barbara , Dozono Stacey , Hadland Brandon
Published: March 2022

Our previous studies demonstrated the capacity of a stroma layer consisting of AGM-derived myrAKT-transduced endothelial cells (AGM-EC) to support the in vitro conversion of hemogenic endothelium (HE) to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that functionally reconstitute long-term multilineage hematopoiesis in adult recipients following transplantation. Here we present our protocol for an engineered stromal-free niche developed using complementary single cell transcriptomic analyses of HE/HSC and the AGM-EC niche to define ligand-receptor interactions sufficient to support HSC formation from embryonic hemogenic precursors in vitro. This protocol will be useful to identify and characterize additional niche-derived signaling ligands/pathways that may further enhance HSC generation from HE in vitro in a well-defined platform, and provides a basis for further translational efforts toward HSC production in vitro such as from embryonic or pluripotent stem cells.
Host landing and diel activity of potent vectors of bluetongue disease, Culicoides oxystoma and Culicoides peregrinus
Authors: Mazumdar Shuddhasattwa Maitra , MONDAL BISWAJIT , Kar Surajit , Mazumdar Abhijit
Published: March 2022

Background
The spread of bluetongue virus (BTV) depends on the vectorial ability of Culicoides affecting the susceptible host. Animal farms in West Bengal have reported prevalence of potent vectors of BTV (C. oxystoma, C. peregrinus and C. fulvus). Additionally, high seroprevalence of BTV was also reported from this cattle dense region. To minimize the risk of disease outbreak a strategy to reduce the exposure of cattle to midges bite is necessary. Therefore host-seeking activity of two important potent vectors, C. oxystoma and C. peregrinus on cattle were studied in two farm sites of West Bengal, India.
Methods
The study was done in 2018-19 comprising 297 hours of collection over 27 nights. A comparison was made between the catches obtained by mouth aspirator and light trap. Hourly collections of Culicoides were taken directly from cattle (oral aspirator) as well as light trap was operated in close vicinity of cattle at a different shed.
Results
A total of 15,456 Culicoides belonging to C. oxystoma, C. peregrinus and C. fulvus were collected in light trap and aspirator during the study. 8,758 midges were collected by aspirator, whereas 6,698 individuals were collected in light trap. The following species were aspirated: C. peregrinus and C. oxystoma; while the light trap catches consisted of C. fulvus, C. oxystoma and C. peregrinus. Light trap collection exhibited crepuscular activity whereas aspirator collection was maximum between 4:00 hr and 5:00 hr. Maximum landing of midges was observed in the neck and hump region of the cattle.
Conclusion
It was observed that the preferred time of feeding of C. peregrinus and C. oxystoma on cattle were early morning hours though midges were ubiquitous from dusk to dawn. Surprisingly the preferential landing of the two vectors were mostly restricted to the neck and hump region of the cattle. The results obtained during the study warrants further insight into the factors influencing the landing site by the vectors which may be useful biological data in disease management and draw effective deterrent strategies.
Long-term oncological outcomes of totally laparoscopic colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis for colon cancer: propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Hamamoto Hiroki , Suzuki Yusuke , Takano Yoshiaki , Kuramoto Toru , Ishii Masatsugu , Osumi Wataru , Masubuchi Shinsuke , Tanaka Keitaro , Uchiyama Kazuhisa
Published: March 2022

Background
This retrospective study aimed to compare long-term oncological outcomes between laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (LAC) with extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) and totally laparoscopic colectomy (TLC) with intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) for colon cancers, including right- and left-sided colon cancers.
Methods
Patients with stage I–III colon cancers who underwent elective laparoscopic colectomy between January 2013 and December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients converted from laparoscopic to open surgery and R1/R2 resection were excluded. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis (1:1) was performed to overcome patient selection bias.
Results
A total of 388 patients were reviewed. After PSM, 83 patients in the EA group and 83 patients in the IA group were compared. Median follow-up was 56.5 months in the EA group and 55.5 months in the IA group. Estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) did not differ significantly between the EA group (86.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 77.4–92.4%) and IA group (84.8%; 95%CI, 75.0–91.1%; P = 0.68). Estimated 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) likewise did not differ significantly between the EA group (76.4%; 95%CI, 65.9–84.4%) and IA group (81.0%; 95%CI, 70.1–88.2%; P = 0.12).
Conclusion
TLC with IA was comparable to LAC with EA in terms of 3-year OS and DFS. TLC with IA thus appears to offer an oncologically feasible procedure.
An Investigation Into The Mathematical and Physical Origins of The Fine-Structure Constant
Authors: Williams Lamont
Published: March 2022

The fine-structure constant, α, unites fundamental aspects of electromagnetism, quantum physics, and relativity. As such, it is one of the most important constants in nature. However, why it has the value of approximately 1/137 has been a mystery since it was first identified more than 100 years ago. To date, it is an ad hoc feature of the Standard Model, as it does not appear to be derivable within that body of work — being determined solely by experimentation. This report presents a mathematical formula for α that results in an exact match with the currently accepted value of the constant. The formula requires that a simple corrective term be applied to the value of one of the factors in the suggested equation. Notably, this corrective term, at approximately 0.023, is similar in value to the electron anomalous magnetic moment value, at approximately 0.0023, which is the corrective term that needs to be applied to the g-factor in the equation for the electron spin magnetic moment. In addition, it is shown that the corrective term for the proposed equation for α can be derived from the anomalous magnetic moment values of the electron, muon, and tau particle — values that have been well established through theory and/or experimentation. This supports the notion that the corrective term for the α formula is also a real and natural quantity. The quantum mechanical origins of the lepton anomalous magnetic moment values suggest that there might be a quantum mechanical origin to the corrective term for α as well. This possibility, as well as a broader physical interpretation of the value of α, is explored.
On secrecy outage probability for downlink NOMA systems with relay-antenna selection
Authors: Xu Shu , Liu Chen , Wang Hong , Qian Mu jun , Sun Wen feng
Published: March 2022

Secure transmission is essential for future non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. This paper investigates relay-antenna selection (RAS) to enhance physical-layer security (PLS) of cooperative NOMA system in the presence of an eavesdropper, where multiple antennas are deployed at the relays, the users, and the eavesdropper. In order to reduce expense on radio frequency (RF) chains, selection combining (SC) is employed at both the relays and the users, whilst the eavesdropper employs either maximal-ratio combining (MRC) or selection combining (SC) to process the received signals. Under the condition that the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropping channel is available or unavailable, two effective relay-antenna selection schemes are proposed. Additionally, the closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived for the proposed relay-antenna selection schemes. In order to gain more deep insights on the derived results, the asymptotic performance of the derived SOP is analyzed. In simulations, it is demonstrated that the theoretical results match well with the simulation results and the SOP of the proposed schemes is less than that of the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme obviously.
Economic Evaluation of the Climate Changes on Food Security: Application of CGE Model
Authors: Javadi Akram , Ghahremanzadeh Mohammad , Sassi Maria , Javanbakht Ozra , Hayati Boballah
Published: March 2022

The present study aims to examine the economic effects of changing climate variables on two elements of food security in Iran, namely availability and access to food. Here, wheat and rice as the two important food products of the country were considered as representative of food security. A CGE model was developed to achieve the goals of the study. In this context, a stochastic model based on Monte Carlo simulation was used to provide the scenarios indicating likely changes in climate variables. The results showed that food supply and consumption of commodities and services has been decreased and food security will face serious challenges. Therefore, due to the negative effect of climate variables change on food security and people's livelihood, there is a need to review the policies in place in the country. Among the effective solutions are research and development to introduce drought-resistant varieties, and adopting appropriate strategies compatible with climate change. Improving farmers' incomes is among the solutions for reducing the effects of climate change.
Evaluation of the relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum with Platelet crit, hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio and Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Uçkan Kazım , Başkıran Yusuf , Çeleğen İzzet
Published: March 2022

Introduction: This study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) disease and subclinical inflammatory factors such as Platelet crit (PCT), Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which are known to be closely associated with inflammation in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.Material method: This retrospective case control study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. A total of 215 pregnant women, 102 with hyperemesis gravidarum and 113 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. HEG patients were divided into three groups according to the modified PUQE classification as mild (n=38), moderate (n=32), and severe (n=32).Results: PCT, HRR, and, NLR values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the HEG group compared to the control group (p<0.05). PCT, HRR, and, NLR values increase from mild to severe in HEG patients (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HEG and PCT (rho=0.70, p< 0.001), HRR (rho=0.28, p< 0.04), NLR (rho=0.60, p< 0.001) values. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a one-unit increase in PCT, HRR, and NLR resulted in a 2.14, 1.41, and 2.36-fold increase in HEG risk, respectively.Conclusion: PCT, HRR and NLR are inflammatory markers that increase in patients with HEG and have predictive value for the development of HEG. In our study, we suggested the use of a new prognostic marker for patients with HEG. We think that our study will be a source for future studies on HEG.
A fuzzy complex in the negative arm regulates circadian clock robustness.
Authors: Hurley Jennifer , Jankowski Meaghan , Griffith Daniel , Shastry Divya , Pelham Jacqueline , Ginell Garrett , Thomas Joshua , Karande Pankaj , Holehouse Alex
Published: March 2022

Organismal physiology is widely regulated by the circadian clock, a molecular circuit composed of a Transcription-Translation Feedback Loop 1,2. Protein components of the molecular clock are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions, inherently flexible regions that interact with other proteins via short linear binding motifs (SLiMs) 3–5. SLiM-driven interactions contribute to circadian timing and the circadian regulation of the cell. However, the mechanism that allows the formation of dynamic clock complexes remains unclear as structural analysis of these protein-protein interactions has been limited due to inherent protein disorder. Here, we apply a synthetic peptide microarray approach to demonstrate that the core clock forms a fuzzy complex to support circadian robustness 6,7. We found positively charged islands on the clock protein FREQUENCY (FRQ) drove a multi-valent interaction between FRQ and its partner FRQ-interacting RNA Helicase (FRH) that enabled clock robustness rather than the previously-reported feedback 8. We found these positively charged islands were a conserved molecular feature throughout clocks in fungi, insects, and mammals, and may enable the formation of fuzzy complexes. This study constitutes the first mechanistic reason for the uniquely-broad conservation of intrinsic disorder in circadian negative-arm proteins and will aid in the development of the molecular model of clock protein interactions. Furthermore, we anticipate the application of synthetic peptide microarrays to study disordered clock proteins and will be useful in characterizing sites of interaction for clock-specific drug discovery 9.
Identification of novel biofilm genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by Tn5 transposon mutant library
Authors: Hu Jiangang , Gu Yi , Lu Huiqi , Raheem Muhammad Akmal , Yu Fangheng , Niu Xiangpeng , Zuo Jiakun , Yin Huifang , Huang Cuiqin , Song Xiangjun , Tu Jian , Zhou Wen , Jiang Wei , Chen Zhaoguo , Han Xiangan , Qi Kezong
Published: March 2022

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the main pathogens that inflict the poultry industry. Biofilm as the pathogenic factors of APEC, which can enhance the anti-host immune system of APEC and improve its survival in the environment. In order to screen new genes related to APEC biofilm. The APEC strain APEC81 was used to construct a mutant library by Tn5 insertion mutagenesis. Moreover the 28 mutant strains with severely weakened biofilm were successfully screened from 1500 mutant strains by crystal violet staining, in which 17 genes were obtained by high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (HiTAIL-PCR). The reported genes including 3 flagella genes (fliS, fliD, fliR), 4 curli fimbriae genes (csgD, csgA, csgF, csgG) and 3 type 1 fimbriae genes (fimA, fimD, fimC). The novel genes including 3 coenzyme genes (gltA, bglX, mltF) and 4 putative protein genes (yheE, 07045, 11735, 11255). To investigate whether these 17 genes co-regulate the biofilm, the 17 identified genes were deleted on APEC strain APEC81. The result shown that except for the 11735 and 11255 genes, the deletion of 15 genes significantly reduced the biofilm formation ability of APEC81 (P < 0.05). The result of rdar (red, dry and rough) colony morphology showed that curli fimbriae genes (csgD, csgA, csgF, csgG) and other functional genes (fimC, glxK, yehE, 07045, 11255) affected the colony morphology. Particularly, the hypothetical protein YehE had the greatest influence on the biofilm. It was predicted to have the same structure as type 1 fimbria protein. When yehE was deleted, the fimE transcription was up-regulated, fimA and fimB transcription were down-regulated, resulting in a decrease in type 1 fimbriae. Hence the yehE mutant significantly reduced the biofilm and the adhesion and invasion ability to cells (P < 0.05). Altogether, this study had identified 5 novel genes (gltA, bglX, mltF, yheE, 07045) related to biofilm formation and confirmed that yehE affects biofilm formation by type 1 fimbriae, which will benefit for further study mechanism of biofilm regulation in APEC.
Functions and clinical significances of LncRNA SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 in prostate cancer
Authors: Jiang Wei , Xie Ruoyun , Chen Xiaobao , Huang Linjin , Zhou Junkai
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in male with high morbidity and mortality. The long noncoding RNA second chromosome locus associated with prostate-1(SChLAP1) and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme(UBE2E3) have been reported to relate to prostate cancer. SCHLAP1-UBE2E3 was found to be the most frequent gene fusion in Chinese. However, the function and mechanism of SChLAP1-UBE2E3 axis in prostate cancer are not well known. Methods: In this study, we investigated the relationship between SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 expression and development of prostate cancer in Chinese men who have undergone radical resection of prostate cancer. The effects of SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 on proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells were respectively explored. Results: We found that SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 were both over expressed in prostate cancer cells and tissues. There was a positive correlation between the expression of UBE2E3 and SCHLAP1. Overexpression of SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 both promoted cell proliferation. migration and invasion and inhibited apoptosis. SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 knocking down just had the opposite effects. Conclusions: Our study proved that SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 influenced the progressive of prostate cancer and provided potential biomarkers or drug targets for prostate cancer.
Functional geometry of auditory cortical resting state networks derived from intracranial electrophysiology
Authors: Banks Matthew , Krause Bryan , Berger D. , Campbell Declan , Boes Aaron , Bruss Joel , Kovach Christopher , Kawasaki Hiroto , Steinschneider Mitchell , Nourski Kirill
Published: March 2022

Critical details remain unresolved about the organization of the human auditory cortical hierarchy and its relationship to higher order brain networks. We investigated this organization using diffusion map embedding (DME) applied to resting state intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) obtained in neurosurgical patients. DME was applied to functional connectivity measured between regions of interest (ROIs). ROIs exhibited a hierarchical organization, symmetric between the two hemispheres and robust to the choice of iEEG frequency band, connectivity metric, and imaging modality. Tight clusters of canonical auditory and prefrontal ROIs were maximally segregated in embedding space. Clusters consistent with ventral and dorsal auditory processing streams were paralleled by a cluster suggestive of a third stream linking auditory and limbic structures. Portions of anterior temporal cortex were characterized as global hubs. This approach lays the foundation for identifying network changes during active speech and language processing and elucidating mechanisms underlying disorders of auditory processing.
The impacts of financial development on environmental quality in China：A panel causality test based on structural shifts
Authors: chen yiguo , Luo Peng , Tong Teng , wang Jing , Chang Tsangyao
Published: March 2022

Finance has the potential to regulate modes of production and consumption, and helps China achieve carbon peak and carbon neutralization. This paper uses the Toda–Yamamoto test and the extended Fourier Toda–Yamamoto test to explore the relationship between financial development and environmental quality in 31 provinces and municipalities in China during the period 2000–2018. We find that financial development in certain regions has effectively reduced the concentration of PM2.5, which indicates that it has a significantly positive effect on environmental quality, though with regional differences. After considering structural shifts, the relationship between financial development and environmental improvement is found to be significant in more regions, indicating that China has undergone structural shifts in these aspects. The aforementioned conclusions are also supported by further robustness tests. China can consequently utilise the positive impact of finance for advocating carbon emission reduction and improving environment quality, therefor contributing to the response to global climate change.
Early diversification and karyotype evolution of flowering plants
Authors: Sun Pengchuan , Yang Yongzhi , Liu Liang , Xi Zhenxiang , Lin Hao , Feng Landi , Ma Jianxiang , Hu Hongyin , Bi Guiqi , Jiao BeiBei , Wang Shang , Yang Jiao , Mu Wenjie , Zhu Mingjia , Wang Xiyin , Wang Zhenyue , Davis Charles , Liu Jianquan
Published: March 2022

Flowering plants (angiosperms) dominate our planet and sustain all life on Earth. However, evolutionary relationships among the angiosperm lineages that diverged early – Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Austrobaileyales and Mesangiospermae, which further comprises monocots and other four clades – have remained highly disputed likely because of their rapid diversification promoted by an ancestral polyploidization event. Here, we present high-quality chromosomal-level genome assemblies of two species – star anise (Illicium verum: 12.5 Gb with a large size) in the Austrobaileyales and calamus (Acorus gramineus) representing the sister lineage to all other extant monocots. These two genomes filled the final gaps of all genomic representatives for major angiosperm lineages. Our phylogenetic analyses of collinear genes support Amborellales and Nymphaeales as sister lineages and they, together with Austrobaileyales and monocots are successively sister to other Mesangiospermae clades. Based on chromosome-like synteny blocks shared between extant genomes, we constructed the ancestral angiosperm karyotype to be x=16. We independently established evolutionary relationships for all sampled species based on shared polyploidizations and chromosomal fusions from the common ancestral karyotype. This phylogenetic relationship is congruent with that from collinear genes, especially the finding that Amborellales and Nymphaeales shared a rare chromosomal fusion not seen in other angiosperms. These results advance our understanding and shed new lights on early diversification and karyotype evolution of flowering plants.
Artificial intelligence for public health: Priorities for successful use by public health organizations
Authors: Fisher Stacey , Rosella Laura C
Published: March 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve public health surveillance, health promotion, and population health management through improved targeting of interventions and policy to populations that are most in need, known as precision public health. To successfully realize this potential and use AI for public health functions it is important for public health organizations to thoughtfully develop strategies for AI implementation. Five key priorities for successful use of AI technologies by public health organizations are discussed in this commentary: 1) Contemporary data governance; 2) Investment in modernized data and analytic infrastructure and procedures; 3) Addressing the skills gap; 4) Development of strategic collaborative partnerships, and; 5) Use of AI best practices including explicit consideration of equity.
The long-term survival of esophageal cancer in elderly patients: a multi-center, retrospective study from China
Authors: Li Runhua , He Yutong , Sun Xibin , Wang Ning , Zhang Min , Wei Kuangrong , Li Huizhang , Dong Peng , Du Lingbin , Chen Wanqing
Published: March 2022

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) often occurs in the elderly, and approximately 40% of patients are 70 years or older. To investigate the long-term survival of esophageal cancer in elderly patients, to provide a theoretical direction for better management and predicting survival of EC based on the hospital-based multi-center study in China.Methods: The study was conducted in eighteen hospitals including 6 provincial hospitals, 8 municipal hospitals, and 4 county hospitals. We extracted information from medical record homepage, records of admission and discharge, and pathological diagnosis reports from the medical record department of the elderly patients at 70-84 years to further obtain the 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS), and main associated factors, and to analyze the current therapeutic effect of different treatment options for elderly patients. Results: The 3-year and 5-year OS rate of the 1013 elderly patients was 44.8% and 32.8%, respectively. Their median survival was 28.00 months. The median survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma was longer than that of other pathological type (squamous vs. other types: 31.00 vs. 20.00 months, P = 0.018). The median survival of patients with surgery only or combined therapy was longer than that of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, no therapy (surgery only vs. combined therapy vs. radiotherapy vs. chemotherapy vs. no therapy: 56.00 vs. 33.00 vs. 26.00 vs.18.00 vs. 16.00 months, P<0.001). The 5-year OS rate of patients with highly differentiated cancer was higher than that of medium differentiated and poor differentiation/undifferentiated. In multivariate analysis, the older ages, pathological stage were independent prognostic risk factors for poor EC survival. Treatment method (surgery only: HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.47-0.85; combined therapy: HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.60-1.00) was independent protective factors predictive of a good EC OS.Conclusions: The survival rate of the elderly EC patients was still low in China. Age, therapy method, and pathological stage were mainly associated with the survival rate of EC in elderly patients.
Nurses Practices' Errors Regarding Medication Administration in different Critical Care Units at a Teaching Hospital in Upper Egypt.: An Observational study.
Authors: khalil nahla , Abd-elbaky marwa , Taha Nasser , Fathy Alshimaa
Published: March 2022

Background Medication administration errors are a constant occurrence on the unit, and patient safety must be a focus. The current study aimed to is to assess critical care nurses Practices' errors regarding medication administration in different critical care settings.Methods: A convenient sample consisted of 60 nurses was obtained from different critical care units at a Teaching Hospital in Upper Egypt utilizing a descriptive exploratory design. The selected critical care units were; medical Intensive care, neurosurgical care, coronary care, chest care and finally stroke unit. Demographic data of the studied nurses and medication administration checklist were utilized to assess nurses' practice concerning medication administration errors. Results: The observational checklist of nurses' practices in preparation and administration of medications were unsatisfactory. Moreover, the current findings revealed a positive correlation between total practice and age as well as nurses' years of experience. On the other hand, negative correlation was found between nurses practice and nurse- patients ratio.Conclusions: Critical care nurses' practice was unsatisfactory in preparation and during administration of medications in different critical care units regardless of their demographic qualifications. Continuing nursing education about types of errors that occur in the use of high alert medications and double check of administered medication
Disparities in Geographical Accessibility of Permanent COVID-19 Vaccination clinics in the State of Ohio
Authors: Yang Yihe , Reid Neil , Hu Tao , Xu Yanqing
Published: March 2022

Rapid and widespread distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine is crucial for containing the spread of this infectious disease. Health departments and planners must ensure that access to the COVID-19 vaccination is adequate and equitable. This study measured the spatial accessibility to permanent vaccination clinics at the census tract level using the 2-step floating catchment area method. Accessibility scores were heterogeneous across geographic regions and among different groups of people. In particular, many urban areas enjoy better access to vaccination clinics compared to rural areas. Minorities and people under poverty are concentrated in neighborhoods with above-average accessibility, while white and elderly concentrate in census tracts with below-average accessibility. The relationship between accessibility and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was explored using the Spatial lag model and Bivariate Local Moran’s I analysis. Patterns of high accessibility scores and high social vulnerability index could be observed in urban areas, while suburban areas enjoy high accessibility and low social vulnerability. Patterns of high accessibility census tracts adjacent to tracts with high minority rates and low adjacent to low are salient, indicating the strong relationship between race and accessibility. The Spatial Lag model also confirms this finding.
EgoCor: an R package to fit exponential semi-variograms to model the local spatial correlation structure of health outcomes
Authors: Sauzet Odile , Dyck Julia
Published: March 2022

Background As an alternative to using administrative areas for the evaluation of small-area health inequalities, Sauzet et al suggested to take an ego-centred approach and model the spatial correlation structure of health outcomes at individual level. Existing tools for the analysis of spatial data in \code{R} may appear too complex to non-specialists which may limit the use of the approach. Result We present the R-package \code{EgoCor} which offers a user friendly interface displaying in one function a range of graphics and tables of parameters to facilitate the decision making about which exponential parameters fit either raw data or residuals best. This function is based on the functions of the \code{R} packages \code{geoR}. A further function providing the measure of uncertainty proposed by Dyck and Sauzet has been implemented in the package.Conclusion With the R-package EgoCor modelling the spatial correlation structure of health outcome with a measure of uncertainly is made available to non specialists
Dimethyl Fumarate improves cognitive impairment by enhancing hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in hypothyroid rats
Authors: Pan Haiyan , Wang Yanbo , Wang Xiaowei , Yan Ci
Published: March 2022

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective drug for multiple sclerosis, and can improve the cognitive dysfunction caused by streptozotocin, but the effect cognitive dysfunction caused by hypothyroidism is unclear.Methods:After hypothyroidism rat model induced by propylthiouracil, we gave rats 25mg/kg DMF by gavage. The body weight during model building and administration was recorded. The levels of T4 and T3 in serum were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Morris water maze test was used to detect the effect of DMF on the cognitive learning ability. The effect of DMF on Nissl bodies in the brain tissue was evaluated by Nissl staining. The mRNA and protein levels of BDNF in brain tissue were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot.Results:After DMF treatment, the body weight of hypothyroid rats has recovered, and the levels of T3 and T4 in the serum was ameliorated. DMF also reduced the escape latency and swimming distance, and increased the swimming speed. The number of Nissl bodies and expression of BDNF in the brain tissue were increased after DMF treatment.Conclusion: DMF improved the cognitive dysfunction of hypothyroid rats by increasing the level of BDNF in the brain tissue of hypothyroid rats.
The regulation of insulin receptor/insulin-like growth factor receptor ratio, an important factor for breast cancer prognosis, by TRIP-Br1
Authors: Lee Myeong-Sok , Quynh Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Jung Samil , Anh Nguyen Hai , Lee Beom Suk , Myagmarjav Davaajargal , Eum Hye Hyeon , Lee Hae-Ock , Jo Taeyeon , Mongre Raj Kumar , Choi Yeongseon
Published: March 2022

Much higher risk of cancer is observed in patients with diabetes. Insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) are well-known targets in cancer research as well as diabetes treatment. Interestingly, a recent study proposed that the IR/IGF1R ratio is an important factor in breast cancer prognosis. Women with a higher IR/IGF1R ratio showed poor breast cancer prognosis and hyperinsulinemia. Here, we propose a novel mechanism by which the oncogenic protein TRIP-Br1 renders breast cancer cells to have a higher IR/IGF1R ratio by positively and negatively regulating IR and IGF1R expression at the protein level, respectively. TRIP-Br1 plays various cellular roles, one of which is as an adaptor protein. Our data revealed that TRIP-Br1 suppresses ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated IR degradation without directly interacting with IR. Meanwhile, TRIP-Br1 directly interacts with both IGF1R and NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, and TRIP-Br1/NEDD4-1 degrades IGF1R via the ubiquitin/proteasome system. Animal experiments indicated that TRIP-Br1 enhanced tumor progression, where a high IR/IGF1R ratio was detected. Furthermore, IR silencing elevates IGF1R expression, resulting in a lower IR/IGF1R ratio. Our extended study showed a similar effect of TRIP-Br1 on the IR/IGF1R ratio in insulin-deficient mice mimicking patients with diabetes, confirming the strong relationship between breast cancer and diabetes. In conclusion, this study provides invaluable information on the regulatory mechanism of how breast cancer cells acquire a higher IR/IGF1R ratio.
Influence of Nitrofurantoin on Toll-Like Receptor Pathway in Human Trophoblastic Cells (Bewo) Infected with Toxoplasma Gondii
Authors: Sivcan Eda , Yürük Merve , Aksoy Tülay , Yıldırım Alparslan , Inci Abdullah
Published: March 2022

Toxoplasmosis is a common parasitic disease caused by the obligatory intracellular Toxoplasma gondii. To investigate the effect of nitrofurantoin (NF) on the signaling pathway of TLR (Toll-Like Receptor) in BeWo, a human trophoblastic cell line, infected with T. gondii. Primarily, to determine the concentration of NF, giemsa staining method, trypan blue staining method and MTS (3-(4,5-dimetiltiyazol-2-yl)-5-(3-karboksimetoksifenil)-2-(4-sülfofenil)-2H-tetrazolyum) test were used on negative-positive controls and experimental groups. After MTS measurement, IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) and EC50 (half maximal effective concentration) values and the appropriate concentration as 1.25 µM were calculated using GraphPad Prism 8.0. In order to determine the effect of NF on the TLR pathway, samples were collected at three different times: 24, 48 and 72 hours. After RNA isolation, cDNA was synthesized and Real-Time PCR (RT-qPCR) analyzes were performed. Proportional changes in gene expression were calculated using reference genes. According to this, the most effective time period of the drug was found to be 48 hour period based on the decrease in expression levels in some apoptosis-related genes and, TLR6 (Toll-like receptor 6) and TLR8 (Toll-like receptor 8). There were significant differences after 48 (p = 0.015) and 72 (p = 0.049) hours in the parasitic load at experimental groups. As a result, it was shown that NF inhibited T. gondii infection by affecting genes in the TLR pathway. Furthermore, to know that these knowledges has shown the possibility that new preparations with less side effects can be developed as an alternative method in the treatment of the disease.
Expression of RAD6, DDB2, and CD44+/CD24- on Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Flow Cytometry Study
Authors: Sihombing Unedo Hence Markus , Andrijono Andrijono , Purwoto Gatot , Gandamihardja Supriadi , Harahap Alida R. , Rustamadji Primariadewi , Kekalih Aria , Widyawati Retno , Fuady Dzicky Rifqi
Published: March 2022

Objective: Ovarian cancer is the 8th deadliest women’s cancer in the world. Almost all patients experienced chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis after cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Chemoresistant cancer cells have characteristic expressions of RAD6, DDB2, and cancer stem cell proteins (CSCs, CD44+/CD24-). Increased expression of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and decreased DDB2 are believed to be associated with chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis of the disease. The study objective is to analyse the correlation between expression of RAD6, DDB2, CD44+/CD24- with ovarian cancer chemoresistance.Methods: This study is a prospective cohort of 32 people in each group at the Obstetrics-gynecology and pathology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo, Tarakan, Dharmais, and Fatmawati Hospital. All suspected ovarian cancer patients will undergo cytoreductive debulking and histopathological examination. Chemotherapy will be given for six series followed by six months of observation. We determine therapy response with the RECIST Criteria (Response Criteria in Solid Tumors) then classify it into chemoresistant or chemosensitive groups. The patient will perform Flow cytometry blood tests to examine the expression of RAD6 and DDB2 and CD44+/CD24-. Results: There was a significant relationship between increased levels of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and reduced DDB2 protein (p<0,05) with chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Logistic regression test showed that the results of CD44+/CD24‑ was the best marker. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and DDB2 expressions are significantly associated with ovarian cancer chemoresistance, and CD44+/CD24- is the primary marker to predict ovarian cancer chemoresistance.
METTL3 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Lijuan , Zeng Yu , Hou Xiukun , Zhuang Gaojian , Hao Weijing , Kang Ning , Gu Pengfei , Liu Yu , Zhao Zewei , Li Lingmei , Gao Ming , Ruan Xianhui , Zheng Xiangqian
Published: March 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Establishment and assessment of a nomogram for predicting prognosis in bone-metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Wenfei , Wang Zhiyong , Li Lingchao
Published: March 2022

Purpose For the purposes of patients' consultation, condition assessments, and guidance for clinicians’ choices, we developed a prognostic predictive model to evaluate the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of bone-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Methods We gathered data from 5522 patients with bone metastatic PCa registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to develop a nomogram. A total of 359 bone-metastatic PCas were collected from two hospitals to validate the nomogram and assess its discriminatory ability. In addition, we plotted the actual survival against the predicted risk to assess the calibration accuracy. Moreover, we designed a web calculator to quickly obtain accurate survival probability outcomes.Results Univariate and multivariate Cox hazards regression analyses suggested that age, marital status, prostate-specific antigen, Gleason score, clinical T stage, N stage, surgery, and chemotherapy were closely associated with OS rates. The calibration charts in the training and validation groups showed high accuracy and reliability. The decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested a favorable clinical net benefit.Conclusion: Based on demography and clinical pathology, we developed a reliable nomogram to help clinicians more accurately predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of patients with bone metastatic PCa to guide evaluation and treatment.
The Common Mode Voltage Control Using a Hybrid Compensation Structure and Derivative Method
Authors: Zhang Haiwei , Wu Aiguo
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the hybrid compensation loop is introduced to the front end of the load, which can increase the electromagnetic interference current shunt loop, and basically eliminate the common mode noise in the three-phase inverter from the perspective of the interference source. The expressions of the controlled voltage source and the parameter calculations of the shunt path are given in detail. The state of the controlled voltage source is determined by the instantaneous voltage of each phase bridge arm, which has already included the sequence of pulse width modulation, so the common mode noise can be eliminated under different modulation modes. An active method of suppressing common mode (CM) is proposed to regulate the high-frequency CM voltages on the AC buses with respect to the ground. The resultant CM compensation voltages are rendered symmetric to the AC common mode noise, so that load midpoint voltage relative to ground remains constant or zero. The experimental results demonstrated that the common mode voltage can be suppressed by the added compensation circuit effectively under the 2D-SVPWM non-zero vector modulation and 3D-SVPWM non-zero vector modulation. The amplitude, harmonics and frequency of the load voltage isn’t affected by the method of eliminating the common mode voltage.