bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facial cellulitis caused by a soft tissue impacted denture
Authors: Andrew A. C. , Reade Heggie Peter C. , Macfarlane W. Ian
Published: May 2009

Abstract

A case is reported of a facial cellulitis resulting from irritation caused by an immediate full upper denture which had been worn continuously for twelve years. The denture had been impacted in a soft tissue overgrowth for four months. It was removed under local analgesia and antibiotic therapy was instituted. Further management consisted of treating the hyperplastic lesions and the provision of full dentures.
A re‐examination of mandibular movement using a closed circuit television detector
Authors: Atkinson H. F. , Faulkner K. D. B.
Published: May 2009

Abstract

The movements of the mandible during the chewing of gum have been studied using a closed circuit television movement detector. The shape of the cycle was studied in three planes, initially at right angles, and the shape of the cycle in the transverse and sagittal planes, variations in velocity within cycles, and the period of contact as reported by other workers, confirmed.

Small protrusive and lateral movements were observed in the initial opening phase from contact in most cycles, and in final closing into the intercuspal position. A small slide was also seen in the intercuspal zone.
Working and setting times of root canal sealants determined by the oscillating rheometer
Authors: Harcourt J. K. , Moser J. B. , Young A. R.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The working and setting times of medium and long setting endodontic root canal sealants can be determined by the oscillating rheometer. Values more closely related to clinical observations are obtained when intermittent action of the rheometer drive is employed (3 oscillations every 5 minutes). The modification to the apparatus needed is described and results of tests with and without the modification are presented. These indicate that the oscillatory movement, although slight, does continue the mixing process yielding reduced values for working and setting times.
The pterygoideus proprius muscle
Authors: Barker B. C. W.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An anomalous muscle was found in the infratemporal fossa of a male cadaver of advanced age. This formation passed between fixed bony attachments at the infratemporal crest (greater wing of the sphenoid) and the inferior part of the lateral pterygoid plate. The muscle was not atrophied but functional significance was not clear.
Dental health services and the Northern Territory of Australia. A short review of people, places, and programmes to 1981
Authors: Anderson Donald A.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— This paper presents a brief glimpse into the past and will enable members of the dental profession to form an appreciation of how the provision of dental services has been expanded from the initial humble beginnings in a large segment of Australia remote from the major centres of population.
Idiopathic external coronal resorption.: Case report
Authors: Grundy G. E. , Adkins K. F.
Published: May 2009

Abstract

External resorption occasionally affects the coronal tissues of unerupted teeth. In young patients these teeth may be interpreted radiographically as being carious. The resorption frequently does not extend to the pulp chamber. Loss of integrity of the reduced enamel epithelium may predispose to these changes. This paper reports the features of an example of idiopathic external coronal resorption.
Migration of dentists into Australia
Authors: Spencer A. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract

The dimension and direction of net migration of dentists in relation to Australia have been documented, the possible determinants and consequences discussed, and need for regulatory action considered. A new inflow of dentists has existed over the period of 1967 to 1980, with a marked increase after 1974. Determinants of the migration are discussed as push, pull, and regulatory forces, while consequences are discussed within the areas of international issues, quantity issues, and quality issues. The need for better data collection, and for extensive study of the impact of foreign dental graduates on Australian dentistry are emphasized. Types of regulatory action considered for the migration of dentists into Australia included restrictive, preventive, and restorative, with restrictive actions being considered least appropriate.
Fractography off cast gypsum
Authors: Mori Toshiko , Yamane Masaji
Published: May 2009

Abstract

A fractographical study of dental cast gypsum was made in order to correlate the mechanical properties with the microstructure. Wet specimens fractured under tensile stress showed intercrystalline fracture and the tensile strength depended on the porosity present. Thus, it was assumed that tensile strength was dependent on the contact area between individual gypsum crystals and changes in porosity approximated to changes in contact area. Strength differences among specimens of a given W/P ratio, therefore, can be related to differences in intercrystalline contact areas.

These theoretical considerations suggest that the classification of dental die stone and dental stone into high and low strength types based on strength properties only would be more practical and less confusing than at present.
The comparative effects of prilocaine, lignocaine and cocaine on the response of the rabbit ear artery to adrenaline and noradrenaline
Authors: Gerke D. C. , Frewin D. B.
Published: May 2009

Abstract

The effect of prilocaine, lignocaine or cocaine together with either adrenaline or noradrenaline was tested by applying combinations of these preparations to an isolated rabbit ear artery and measuring changes in intra‐arterial pressure. Potentiation of the response was greatest with combinations of local anaesthetic and adrenaline; with noradrenaline the response was significantly potentiated only when the lowest concentrations of cocaine were used. It is suggested that some of this effect could be attributed to the differential inhibition by the local anaesthetic agents of the neuronal uptake of the catecholamines. This inhibition was prominent with all combinations which contained adrenaline, but only occurred with noradrenaline when that vasoconstrictor agent was combined with cocaine.
The restoration of fractured incisors in children: A comparative clinical trial of a composite and a microfine filled resin
Authors: Tyas Martin J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A one‐year clinical evaluation was carried out on 36 fractured incisors which had been restored with synthetic resin in children. Seventeen teeth were restored with a conventional composite resin and nineteen with a microfine filled resin.

Although some early handling problems were encountered with the microfine filled material, the final results suggested that the overall performance of this material was superior to the conventional composite, particularly in respect of abrasion resistance and body discolouration.
The fate of first permanent molars recorded as “doubtfully carious” at a school dental clinic
Authors: Dooland M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Two hundred and three pairs of first permanent molar teeth were selected from the patients' records of a school dental clinic. In each instance the study tooth had been classified as “doubtfully carious” by the clinic operator, indicating the possibility that the tooth was carious. The control teeth had been classified as “sound” without qualification.

There was no statistically significant difference between the proportion of each group which required restoration at the following recall examination.
Significant differences in educational attitudes between selected Australian and British dental academics
Authors: McMaugh D. R.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A recent study investigated attitudes of selected Australian and British dental academics to aspects of educational management. This paper reviews that study and comments upon significant differences which were detected between the national samples.

Analysis was by sub‐programme CROSST ABS of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; Chi testing determined significant differences between national samples at P = 0.05.

Nineteen areas of significant difference were identified between the national samples; each of the conceptual areas of the experimental model contained differences.

Different organizational and financial support patterns in each country, rather than intrinsically personal traits, are predicted as the basis for the statistical difference.
In vitro wear tests on macro‐filled composite restorative materials*
Authors: Jørgensen Knud Dreyer
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Minimum requirements to clinically relevant in vitro tests on macro‐filled composites are suggested. Based on literature studies, it is demonstrated that none of the current known tests fulfil these requirements, a fact that probably explains their failing usefulness. Further and, as it appears, more detailed and critical studies are needed. With special emphasis on the abrasion by chewing of food, the maximum surface roughness of the composite as obtained by a specified method as well as the abrasion resistance of the resin matrix proper may be properties worthwhile exploring in future laboratory studies. Laboratory wear testing of micro‐filled composites requires methods that in part are specific for this group of materials.
Evaluation and registration of the H.I.P. plane of occlusion
Authors: Rich H.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Observations on casts of attrited maxillary dentitions from 32 Aboriginal adults showed a close relationship between the occlusal plane and the Hamular Notch Incisive Papilla (H.I.P. plane). Using the same reference points for 42 casts of edentulous maxillae, a close relationship between the H.I.P. plane and the Frankfort plane was found.
The establishment of a course to train dental hygienists in South Australia: an evaluation after three years
Authors: McIntyre John M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— South Australia was the first State to legislate for the introduction of dental hygienists in Australia. A training course was established in 1975, and accepted ten trainees each year until 1980. The course was one year full‐time, and it's content was based initially on recommendations by the General Dental Council of Great Britain for the training of hygienists. This was augmented with increased content in the behavioural science area and a topic approach to programming. The nature of the programme, selection, and assessment of students is discussed.

Indications are that the course is well accepted by the majority of hygienists and their employing dentists from both the public and private sector.
Smoking habits and attitudes of dental nurses and ancillary dental workers in Perth
Authors: Doust Jocelyn , Margetts B. M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Information on demographic and social characteristics, attitudes about smoking, and smoking habits were obtained from 205 women on the staff of Perth Dental Hospital and dental assistant trainees of the Perth Technical College. Rates of cigarette smoking were four times higher in central sterilizing supply department assistants (53.8 per cent) than in staff nurses (13.8 percent). Student nurses and dental assistants recorded rates of smoking similar to general nurses and the general population of similar age and sex.
Dental manpower: a transitional matrix analysis of study*
Authors: Spencer A. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The projected supply of dentists in Australia up to 1991 was analysed using a transitional matrix model. The analysis illustrated the importance of selection of baseline data on the stock of dentists and the sensitivity of the projections of supply to assumptions on recruitment of Australian graduates and to migration of foreign dentists into Australia. The analysis also provided data on the changing age distribution of Australian dentists and the rates of wastage from the dental manpower stock. Directions for further development of a transitional matrix model for the study of dental manpower are discussed.
The influence of various cavity bases on the micro‐hardness of composites
Authors: Marshall S. J. , Marshall G. W. , Harcourt J. K.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— This study reports the effects of five commonly used bases on the hardness of three newer composite resins. The bases were a calcium hydroxide, a polycarboxylate, a ZOE, an EBA, and a glass ionomer cement. All bases except the calcium hydroxide caused reduction in the hardness of each composite, although for some base/composite combinations the reductions were not significant. Glass ionomer also caused considerable reduction in surface hardness and cannot be recommended for use as a base under composite resin restorations.
Evaluation of 50 low and high copper amalgams according to Standards
Authors: Brockhurst P. , Beech D. R.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The content and rationale of Standards for Dental Amalgam Alloys are discussed. The properties of amalgams made from 50 alloys used in Australia were determined according to methods in the Standards and the results are presented to enable comparison between low and high copper amalgams. The limits for the physical tests are discussed in the light of the range of values obtained. In general, the high copper amalgams showed higher one hour compressive strengths, lower creep and plastic deformation than low copper amalgams. No difference in dimensional change was found.
The use of arthrography in management of temporomandibular joint problems
Authors: Doyle T. , Hase M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Arthrography is useful in selecting those patients with severe dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint who would benefit from surgery. Plain films are usually unrewarding in the diagnosis of soft tissue abnormalities of the joint. Three cases are presented, illustrating the most common problems encountered and diagnosed by arthrography.
The formation of cristobalite from diatomite—a dilatometric study
Authors: Cruickshanks‐Boyd D. W. , Stevens L.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Thermal dilatometry has been used to quantify the cristobalite content of natural diatomite calcined in the temperature range 900 to 1350°C, by measurements of the magnitude of the α→β inversion reaction.
Dental anaesthetic emergency caused by medical gas pipeline installation error
Authors: Emmanuel E. R. , Teh J. L.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An incident caused by the crossing of gas pipelines behind a surgery wall during installation is reported. The relevance, incidence, and dangers are discussed. Attention is drawn to Australian Standard AS 1169–1973 (presently under revision) and the recommendations contained therein regarding the installation and testing of such pipelines.
Adolescent dental care and the South Australian school dental programme
Authors: Dooland M. , Carr Susan
Published: May 2009

Abstract— In 1979 the South Australian School Dental Programme established a State‐wide system of direct referral of patients in their final year of primary school to a dentist of their parents' choice. Although a questionnaire survey of 9,953 secondary school students indicated that a greater proportion of ex‐school dental patients continued to seek dental care than has been reported previously, the improvements could not be attributed definitely to the programme of direct referral. Problems associated with comparisons between school dental and non‐school dental groups, and with previous surveys, are discussed.
A rare earth screen‐film system for dental panoramic radiography
Authors: Keur Johannes J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The use of rare earth intensifying screens and green sensitive film can contribute substantially to radiation reduction in dental panoramic tomography without loss of image quality. Reduced radiation output means a shorter cooling period for the X‐ray tube between exposures. Thus the equipment can be used more efficiently and it can also be expected that the tube life will be increased.
Oral vascular leiomyoma: review of the literature and report of two cases
Authors: Savage N. W. , Adkins K. F. , Young W. G. , Chapman P. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A review of 78 cases of oral leiomyoma from the literature shows that oral leiomyomas differ from those elsewhere in the body and they are usually vascular in type. Oral leiomyosarcomas occur only one‐fifth as commonly as the leiomyomas. The histologic criteria for the differentiation of leiomyosarcoma are equivocal and so accurate prediction of the behaviour of such lesions is difficult.

A histopathologic investigation of two cases was undertaken to establish the usefulness of certain special stains, the presence or absence of neoplastic features and to estimate behaviour of these tumours. This showed that a connective tissue stain and the demonstration of myofibrils within the smooth muscle cells were minimal requirements for accurate diagnosis. The two lesions were well defined and contained well differentiated leiomyoblasts with no mitotic figures. A prediction of benign behaviour was borne out by clinical follow‐up.
Chemical analysis, castability, and tensile properties of twenty‐one dental base metal casting alloys for removable dental appliances
Authors: Brockhurst P. J. , McLaverty V. G.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Twenty‐one alloys used in Australia were tested for chemical composition, castability, and tensile properties. Nineteen alloys consisted of mainly cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum, while two Ticonium alloys were mainly nickel and chromium. All alloys passed the British castability test. Six alloys had a combination of strength and ductility superior to the remainder of the alloys tested. Five of these differed from the composition of the main group. The proposed minimum requirements for the Australian Standard on Dental Base Metal Casting Alloys for Removable Dental Appliances of 500 MPa 0.2 per cent offset proof stress and 1.5 per cent elongation, were found to be appropriate for the alloys tested. The best base metal alloys are not superior to Type IV gold alloy for the retentive spring members on partial denture frameworks.
Aetiology and prevention of dental caries. Studies by the National Caries Program, U.S.A
Authors: Knox K. W.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The 1982 Report of the National Caries Program of the National Institute of Dental Research, U.S.A., is analysed as a source of information on research into the aetiology and prevention of dental caries.
Dental health of children in Australia 1977–1982
Authors: Carr L. M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An extensive programme was begun in 1977 to assess annually the dental health of school children aged four to thirteen years examined by the school dental services in each State and Territory.

In the period 1977 to 1982, the number of DIMF teeth per child declined by 41.4 per cent while the oral hygiene index was reduced by 21 per cent. Significant factors in addition to fluoridated water and fluoridated dentifrices have contributed to the decline in the prevalence of dental caries, however, the current data indicate that the decline in the annual increment of dental caries has ceased.
An exploratory study of the dental status of secondary school students according to history of enrolment with the School Dental Service of Victoria
Authors: Cantillon D. P. , Ralph W. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An exploratory study of secondary school students who had attended the School Dental Service (276) during their final three years of primary schooling, demonstrated evidence of more dental care, similar dental habits, and an inertia towards the seeking of dental care than those who had not (224).
Use of patient's natural crown as the pontic in a composite resin‐retained temporary bridge
Authors: Daly C. G. , Wilkinson E. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An alternative to extracting a periodontally involved lower incisor is presented. The crown of the incisor was bonded to the abutment teeth with adhesive composite resin and the periodontally diseased root then resected. The temporary bridge has functioned successfully for 17 months. Advantages of utilizing the patient's natural crown as a pontic in a composite resin‐retained temporary bridge are discussed.
Oral cancer in South Australia—incidence and case survival
Authors: Roder David , Wilson David
Published: May 2009

Abstract— South Australian cancer registry data for the 1977–80 period indicated that 3.2 per cent of malignant neoplasms occurred in the mouth, over half of them on the lip. The male to female incidence ratio was 3.3:1 for all oral cancers and 6.3:1 for lip cases. The incidence of lip cancer was higher in country areas than in metropolitan Adelaide, and lower for migrants from England and Ireland than among other South Australians. Approximately 85 per cent of oral cancers were squamous cell carcinomas, with mucoepidermoid carcinomas being the next most prevalent type, constituting about four per cent of all cases and 29 per cent of salivary gland tumours. The four‐year survival rate was 69 per cent for all oral cancers, and 84 per cent for lip cases, compared with 41 per cent for all other cancers combined.
Book Reviews
Authors: Hawkins J. K. , Carr L. M. , Henry R. G.
Published: May 2009

Book reviewed in this article:

RAPID MAXILLARY EXPANSION, by D. J. Timms

PROMOTING DENTAL HEALTH, by C. R. Cowell, and A. Sheiham

AN ATLAS AND MANUAL OF CEPHALOMETRIC RADIOGRAPHY, by T. Rakosi

CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS, by W. E. Bell

ESSENTIALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY FOR DENTAL STUDENTS, by A. C. Kennedy and L. H. Blumgart
Characteristics of toothbrushes
Authors: Chong M. P. , Beech D. R.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Most of the manual toothbrushes available on the Australian market during 1980–81 were purchased and examined in the light of the revised Australian Standard for Toothbrushes (AS 1032). The Standard deals only with nylon monofilament brushes and does not cover powered brushes, natural bristle brushes or the single use devices often distributed through vending machines. The problems arising from natural bristle brushes and the single use devices are discussed.

The dimensional characteristics of the brushes have been determined and the various styles compared. Particular attention has been given to the classification of textural stiffness of the brushes and the extent to which claims of end rounded monofilaments are valid. Few brushes for which end‐rounding is claimed comply with the Standard requirement that at least 50 per cent of monofilaments shall be rounded.
Some physicochemical phenomena affecting demineralization and remineralization: A review
Authors: Savage N. W.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The processes of dental caries and remineralization obey the same thermodynamic laws. The total repair of an early lesion is possible in vitro but repair in vivo is complicated by additional parameters often introduced predominately by lack of oral hygiene and improper diet. This paper discusses the behaviour of calcium phosphate species in biological systems and how these minerals react with changes in solution composition. The early lesion is reviewed from this viewpoint and remineralization is discussed.
Problems of persons with cerebral palsy in obtaining dental care
Authors: Bourke L. F. , Jago J. D.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— This project investigated the availability and accessibility of dental care for cerebral‐palsied children and young adults attending the Spastic Centre, New Farm, Brisbane. Most come from high and middle income families and are probably not representative of the handicapped population in this respect.

A questionnaire was sent to 100 parents and 86 responded. Profiles were established of the dentists providing the treatment, the dental services, and the nature of the patient's handicap. Only about 10 per cept of parents found difficulty in obtaining dental treatment for their children and about 25 per cent of patients experienced difficulty under treatment. Only 25 per cent of parents found access to dental services difficult; the main problem being outside the dentist's suite. Subjects with quadriplegia appeared to experience the most difficulty with dental treatment. Three‐quarters of the parents indicated they would like a Government dental service at the Spastic Centre.
Epidemiological aspects of oro‐facial clefts in Western Australia
Authors: Burman Neil T. C.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An epidemiological investigation was undertaken on children conceived in Western Australia and born between 1963 and 1979 and with oral cleft defects.

Information was available on 354 of the 615 cases registered at the Paediatric Hospital in Perth. The sample was analysed by date and place of conception, type of oral cleft and external environmental temperature during the 8–12 week gestational period.

It was found that twice the expected prevalence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate occurred in children conceived in rural areas during the months of August and October.
Luting of vented and etched crowns
Authors: Darveniza M. , Stevens L. , Adkins B.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The marginal and internal adaptation of luted full crowns prepared using a decreased water/powder ratio were compared after venting, and with the vent sealed, after electrochemical etching. The better fit was obtained by venting. Etching alone did, however, create more passive fitting crowns with enhanced marginal fit.
The effect of school dental care on caries, oral hygiene, gingivitis, and calculus in Western Australian children
Authors: Medcalf G. W.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Two groups of high school students aged 15 years in five major Western Australian centres were dentally examined. The first group (1978) had no experience of school dental services. Of the second group (1981), 79 per cent had received school‐based dental care for 18 months two years previously. The 1981 group had less untreated caries and improved oral hygiene and gingival health.
The effects of waiting time and waiting room environment on dental patients' anxiety
Authors: Coffey P. A. F. , Di Giusto Janice
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Estimates of anxiety, using the Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, were obtained from 96 dental patients awaiting treatment at the United Dental Hospital in Sydney and the Westmead Dental Clinical School. Of the 48 patients sampled at each hospital, 24 had been waiting 15 minutes or less, and 24 had been waiting for more than 15 minutes at the time of administering the Inventory. In both hospitals, measured anxiety levels were found to be significantly higher in those patients who had waited for the longer periods. In addition, in both hospitals, anxiety levels were found to be significantly higher in those patients who were attending for the first time than in those patients who were making subsequent visits. No significant differences between the two hospitals were found in the anxiety levels of patients awaiting treatment.
Polymerization shrinkage of resin‐based restorative materials
Authors: Goldman Michael
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The polymerization shrinkage of a range of chemical and photopolymerized resin‐based restorative materials available in Australia was investigated using a previously reported volumetric shrinkage measuring method.

The method proved easy to use, reproducible, independent of specimen size, and capable of use in both chemically and photo‐initiated systems. The values obtained for the polymerization shrinkages ranged from 1.67 to 5.68 per cent with most materials being in the 2 to 3 per cent range and the overall average result being 2.81 per cent. It was observed that powder‐liquid systems seemed to have the highest shrinkage and light‐activated materials the least with the paste‐paste materials having intermediate results. An experiment carried out to examine the effect of voids incorporated upon mixing showed that increased void content caused a greater shrinkage of material per unit mass.

This, together with other factors such as amount and size of reacting monomer, is seen to partially explain the observed order of polymerization shrinkages.
A malignant lesion of the infratemporal fossa causing mandibular displacement. Case report
Authors: Heggie Andrew A. C. , Reade Peter C.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A case report is presented in which a malignant neoplasm in the left infratemporal fossa of a boy aged 14 years had developed as a painful swelling of the face with displacement of the mandible and anaesthesia of the skin of the left face. The diagnostic aspects, particularly the radiological features and subsequently histopathological confirmation are discussed.
Pyogenic dental infections—a retrospective analysis
Authors: Morey Erica F. , Moule A. J. , Higgins T. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Assessment of the records of 173 pyogenic dental infections revealed a predominance of facultative anaerobic streptococci and gram negative bacteria. It is possible that the type of bacteria isolated may reflect the micro‐aerophilic nature of the culturing procedures. The importance of anaerobic culturing methods is stressed. A broad spectrum penicillin (ampicillin) was the most effective antibiotic tested and erythromycin is an excellent alternative. Bacterial isolates showed some degree of resistance to co‐trimoxazole, penicillin G, methicillin and compound sulphonamide.
The employment of dental auxiliary personnel in private practice: a survey report
Authors: Stewart Allan J. , D'Amelio Susanne
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The results of a survey of Western Australian dentists of the numbers, and categories, of auxiliary staff employed in private dental practices is presented. Dental chairside assistants are the largest group employed and least susceptible to economic change, whereas dental therapists are the smallest group and most susceptible to economic change.
Oral health status of homeless men in Brisbane
Authors: Jago J. D. , Sternberg G. S. , Westerman B.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A survey of a sample of homeless men in Brisbane, Australia, was made to determine the prevalence of oral diseases and conditions, and attitudes to dental health and dental treatment. Twentynine per cent were completely edentulous; the mean number of extracted teeth was 15.4 with a monotonic increase in tooth loss with increasing age. Despite lack of oral hygiene, complex periodontal therapy was needed for less than one‐tenth of the men. Eighty‐four per cent regarded their general health as satisfactory to very good, while 58 per cent were happy with their dental health, and only seven per cent sought dental treatment regularly.
Career choice, plans and expectations of male and female students in dental science
Authors: Over Ray , Spencer John , McDougall Wal
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A survey undertaken in May‐June 1981 identified the social and educational background of 212 students in dental science at the University of Melbourne, the factors that influenced their choice of dental science, and their career plans and expectations. The focus was on sex differences, since women now constitute 24 per cent of students in dental science. The major differences were in terms of subjects completed at the Higher School Certificate examinations, reasons for entering dental science, expectations about career interruptions, preferred specializations within dentistry, and the participation of women in dentistry.
Removal of plaque disclosing stains from clothing
Authors: Hunt D. R. , Makinson O. F.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Methods of cleaning fourteen plaque disclosing agents from seven types of fabrics are examined. For practical purposes most plaque disclosing agents were successfully removed. No single cleaning technique was effective for all fourteen disclosing agents tested. Cleaning methods are evaluated.
An integrated approach to the management of dental anxiety
Authors: Foreman Peter A.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The combination of pharmacosedation with a sound behavioural approach (iatrosedation) for the management of dental anxiety is discussed. This achieves minimum drug dosage, maximum safety and placebo response, and effective anxiety control.
Embryology of the central part of the face, closure of palate folds, and the maxillo‐septal syndrome
Authors: Griffin C. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The development of the central part of the face was studied in the embryonic stages from the CR 10 mm length stage to the CR 30 mm length stage with particular attention to the development and disappearance of the nasal fin and its association with cleft lip. Two embryos with cleft of the primary palate are described, and a skull with congenital absence of the primary palate. Synchronous and asynchronous closure of the palate folds and the probable aetiology of the maxillo‐septal syndrome are described.
A guide to the radiographic interpretation of bone lesions
Authors: Doran G. A.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— This paper presents a schematic representation of the radiographic image of the most common types of bone lesion seen in the jaws. By a simple description of the bony changes that occur in each type of lesion the paper may provide a ready assessment in the radiographic diagnosis of lesions in the bones of the jaws.
Fluoride stability in toothpastes
Authors: de Freitas J. F.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Nine fluoride and one non‐fluoride toothpaste, all popular brands in Australia, were purchased from retail outlets and the total fluorine derivatives and some other chemical components determined. Periodically, during 50 weeks' continuous storage at 21 °C, 37 °C, and 45 °C, further testing showed variable changes in free ionic fluoride and some gross decreases in soluble fluorine derivative contents; both were related to storage temperature. Some of the toothpastes may not comply with the water soluble fluorine derivative specifications of the Draft Australian Standard for Toothpastes.
A comparative study of the prevalence of mandibular osteosclerosis in patients of Asiatic and Caucasian origin
Authors: Austin B. W. , Moule A. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Panoramic radiographs from a group of one hundred patients of Chinese or Indo‐Chinese origin and one hundred patients of Caucasian origin were examined to assess whether there was a difference in the number of osteosclerotic areas in the mandibles of one group compared with the other. Patients of Chinese or Indo‐Chinese origin showed a significantly larger number of areas. The differential diagnosis of radiopaque areas is discussed. Attention is drawn to the need to be aware of the high incidence of osteosclerotic areas in the Indo‐Chinese population during differential diagnosis of radiopaque lesions.
Rheological studies of the setting of water‐based cements
Authors: Cook Wayne D.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The time dependent viscosity of five types of water‐based luting and filling materials was measured and compared with an idealized model. Differences between the materials were explained in terms of their structure formation. The shear rates involved in manipulating the material and the forces involved in seating a crown were calculated from model systems.
Westmead Centre Dental Clinical School: first three years
Authors: Lester Keith S.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Westmead Centre Dental Clinical School has been operational for a period of three years. A brief review of major developments and activity is presented. Commissioning of planned clinical areas is complete. The School is in a position to begin realizing its full potential.
Non‐Hodgkins' lymphoma of the oral cavity
Authors: Cheng Foo Guat , Bosco John , Majid Fareeda
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A case of Non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma of the oral cavity is reported. The diagnostic difficulties and the unrelenting course of this entity are discussed.
Adaptation and microleakage of composite resin restorations
Authors: Martin F. Elizabeth , Bryant Roland W.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The ability of composite resins to adapt to acid‐etched enamel cavity walls is examined and microleakage which occurs around composite resin restorations placed in etched and unetched cavities is investigated.

The use of an unfilled resin layer prior to application of the composite resin optimized adaptation. Cavity walls for composite resin restorations should be etched. For the teeth investigated, a 2 minute etch produced a more reliable etch pattern on the enamel and less micro‐leakage than a 1 minute etch.
Shade variation in dentistry. A photographic investigation
Authors: Roberts C. J. B.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A photographic survey of maxillary central incisors was undertaken in an attempt to establish whether variations in hue and chroma are associated with differences in gender, skin colour, or age. It was found that hue was independent of gender, skin colour, and age group, and that chroma was independent of gender and skin colour, but related to age group.
Impact testing of a polysulphone denture base polymer
Authors: Price Carole A. , Earnshaw R.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The impact resistance of a polysulphone denture base polymer has been determined, and for comparison the impact resistance was also determined of a linear poly(methyl methacrylate) and four rubber‐modified methacrylate denture base polymers. When tested under mouth conditions the polysulphone had an impact resistance more than four times as high as the poly(methyl methacrylate) and about twice as high as the most impact resistant rubber‐modified methacrylate. Unlike some of the other materials tested, the polysulphone did not suffer a reduction in impact resistance on extended ageing under mouth conditions.
Gingival crevice depth. I. Predictability of probing deepest points
Authors: Pritchard J. R. , Laws A. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A full mouth periodontal probing examination was carried out on 264 patients. Ninety five per cent of measurements were 3 mm or less, but half of the patients had at least one crevice point 5 mm or greater.

It was found that ten part‐mouth combinations resulted in the deepest crevice point being recorded in at least 80 per cent of patients. A ten point maximizing combination was found to be the optimal combination with 90.44 per cent of patients having their deepest crevice point recorded.
The indirect index for soldering bridges
Authors: Darveniza M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A laboratory technique suitable for recording the relationship of bridge parts and then verifying the index in the mouth prior to soldering and its application to a 3‐unit bridge is described.
Dental trauma in Australia
Authors: Davis G. T. , Knott S. C.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The incidence and causes of dental trauma in 216 male and 97 female patients collected from data of patients' records in Australia reveals that the majority of accidents involved the crowns of upper central incisors, but not the dental pulp, and occurred in the home.
Under‐employment of dentists in Western Australia
Authors: Harrison‐Stewart Allan J. , Burman Neil T. C. , D'Amelio Susanne
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The overall dentist: population ratio for Perth, Western Australia, is 1:2135. This figure is unrealistic if used to imply the actual demand for dental services. When the number of patients who visited a dentist in the preceeding 12 months is used as the appropriate population, then the dentist:population ratio for private general practice is 1:977.

A survey of 353 dentists practicing in Western Australia was undertaken in September 1982. The results are presented. A significant measure of under‐employment was found. These factors are of importance in the determination of future dental manpower requirements for this State.
Quality assurance* in hospital dental practice
Authors: Butler R. J. F.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An analysis of established quality assurance mechanisms has been undertaken with consideration given to their application in hospital dentistry. An outline is given of the approach pursued at the Westmead Centre Dental Clinical School.
Clinical performance of three restorative materials for non‐undercut cervical abrasion lesions
Authors: Tyas M. J. , Beech D. R.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— One hundred non‐undercut cervical abrasion lesions were restored with either a glass ionomer cement, an adhesive composite system, or a composite with a dentine adhesive, according to manufacturer's instructions. The restorations were examined at six months, one year and two years post‐placement. The cumulative loss rates at two years were 8, 47 and 12 per cent for glass ionomer, the adhesive composite system, and the dentine adhesive retained restorations, respectively.
An interesting presentation of a complex‐compound odontome
Authors: Smith Graydon C.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Failure of eruption of all left maxillary molars in a twelve‐year‐old girl was found on radiographic examination to be associated with an odontome. Examination surgically indicated its removal together with the unerupted molars. The possibility of transplanting a third molar from another site is to be explored later.
Tooth size in 47, XYY males: evidence for a direct effect of the Y chromosome on growth*
Authors: Townsend Grant , Alvesalo Lassi
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Mean values of deciduous and permanent tooth dimensions were compared between 47, XYY males and control subjects to clarify the role of the Y chromosome in dental development. Tooth size was generally larger in the 47, XYY sample, although the increase in size was not uniform throughout the dentition. The Y chromosome appears to have a direct effect on tooth size which may be due to a specific gene (or genes) or may be related to a more non‐specific effect of heterochromatin on cellular activity.
Dimensional change in mould space on setting of phosphate bonded investment
Authors: Stevens L. , Okamoto A. , Jörgensen K. D.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The effect of setting expansion and of temperature rise during setting of phosphate bonded investment on selected dimensions of an MOD casting mould space was studied. Excessive mould expansion and distortion was demonstrated. It was concluded that investments having zero setting expansion and sufficient thermal expansion to compensate for casting shrinkage should be used with the die‐investing technique. However, such investments are not at present available for all alloys.
Diathermy burns in the mouth. Two case reports
Authors: Gibbs Peter M.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Two case reports of gingival burns from an electrocautery device, apparently used according to the manufacturer's specifications, during crown preparation resulting in an area of full thickness gingival loss are described.

A local transposition flap of oral mucosa was used to help cover the bare bone in each case, and the crown restoration was then completed.
Effect of varnishes and other surface treatments on water movement across the glass‐ionomer cement surface*
Authors: Earl M. S. A. , Hume W. R. , Mount G. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The effect of various proprietary and non‐proprietary varnishes and other surface treatments on the movement of tritium out of surface‐treated tritium‐labelled glass‐ionomer cement samples was determined. Whilst no treatment reached the ideal goal of prevention of water movement for the first hour after mixing the cement, several proprietary varnishes, and two emollients when thickly applied, effected substantial reductions in the release of tritium. The results highlight the need for further development of varnishes for glass‐ionomer cements, as well as providing clinically‐relevant comparative data on available materials.
The prevalence of orofacial injuries and use of mouthguards in Rugby Union
Authors: Chapman P. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Mouthguards are important for those involved in contact sports and their use in such sports is recommended by authorities as they provide considerable protection for the orofacial structures. The use of mouthguards in contact sports in part reflects the success of community awareness programmes designed to encourage such practice. A comprehensive study of 116 Rugby Union footballers was undertaken in 1984 to study the prevalence of orofacial injuries and the use of mouthguards in that sport and the results are presented in this paper. The grades ranged from club level through to international level of competition. Overall the usage of mouthguards was high and ranged from 79–96 per cent in the various teams. This study is the most complete ever recorded in Rugby Union.
A jaw exerciser for fibrous ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Darveniza M. , Chapman P. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Indications for the use of an individually designed jaw exerciser together with the method of fabrication and patient instructions and reports of two cases of post‐traumatic progressive fibrous ankylosis of the temporomandibular joints are described.
Radiolucent lesions resembling caries in the dentine of permanent teeth. A report of sixteen cases
Authors: Wood P. F. , Crozier Deirdre S. A.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Dentinal voids in the permanent teeth of sixteen children were detected over an eighteen‐month period. The lesions were apparently present prior to tooth eruption and their radiographic appearances closely resembled that of dentinal caries. All lesions were found beneath fissures or pits suggesting a developmental aetiology. Their relationship to caries susceptible sites makes the lesions particularly prone to caries involvement.
Aspects of oral health in Tasmanian children with varying experience of fluoride
Authors: Wimmer Frank
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An investigation into aspects of oral health was conducted with a survey of 1971 Tasmanian school children, aged 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 years, living in fluoridated and non‐fluoridated areas. Children were classified into four groups according to their experience of systemic fluoride.

Utilization of dental services for the study population was high, and a majority of the subjects had received topical fluoride applications. The prevalence of all enamel opacities and hypoplasias was fairly evenly distributed across the four fluoride experience groups but, with regard to unacceptable opacities, the mouth prevalence decreased with increasing fluoride exposure. The results of the dental caries investigation revealed highly significant reductions to caries experience with increasing exposure to fluoride.
Necrotizing sialometaplasia. Case report
Authors: Mitchell Robert D.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Necrotizing sialometaplasia is an uncommon self‐limiting benign condition that may mimic certain malignancies both clinically and histopathologically. Early recognition of this disease is essential if unnecessary surgery and radiotherapy are to be avoided.
Hepatitis B: a perspective
Authors: Barrett A. P. , Smith M. W.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Hepatitis B is becoming increasingly common in the community. Carriers are generally difficult to identify in dental practice, and therefore preventing transmission of the disease depends primarily on sound general clinical hygiene.
The epithelial proprial relations of Meissner's corpuscles in buccal mucosa. An electron microscopic study
Authors: Griffin C. J.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Meissner's corpuscles were seen in specimens obtained from the buccal mucosa of three patients. The corpuscles arose mainly from myelinated nerve fibres although some unmyelinated fibres were involved. The myelin sheath terminated where the fibres entered the capsules. Axons were invested by lamella cell processes and terminated digitately in desmosome‐like contacts with one another and the basal lamina of the basal epithelial cells. The corpuscles were encapsulated by collagen fibres and the cell processes of fibroblasts.
Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect
Authors: Wilson D. F. , D'Rozario R. , Bosanquet A.
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The clinical, radiographic and pathologic features of three cases of focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect are described. The importance of including this relatively unusual lesion of the jaws in the diagnostic armamentarium is stressed.