bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of miR-132-3p Promoting Neuroinflammation and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Gong Xin , Huang Mengyi , Chen Lei
Published: January 2022

The major pathology in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is neuron injury induced by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the activation of microglial cells. The objective of this study is to determine the effect and mechanism of miR-132-3p in regulating neuroinflammation and the degeneration of dopaminergic neuron in PD. The expressions of miR-132-3p in brain tissues of PD patients, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse models were detected. The effect of miR-132-3p and GLRX in cell viability, apoptosis and inflammation was verified in BV-2 cells. The activation of Iba1 in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase were detected in PD mouse models and the mobility of mouse models was assessed as well. The targeting relationship between miR-132-3p and GLRX was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Elevated expression of miR-132-3p and decreased expression of GLRX were found in PD patients and cells models. Overexpression of miR-132-3p can induce activation of microglial cells, which can be reversed by GLRX overexpression. Collected evidence in both cell model and mouse models showed the effect of miR-132-3p in enhancing the activation of microglial cells and the loss of microglia cells, which was achieved by mediating GLRX.
Automated Detection and Localization of Synaptic Vesicles in Electron Microscopy Images
Authors: Imbrosci Barbara , Schmitz Dietmar , Orlando Marta
Published: January 2022

Information transfer and integration in the brain occurs at chemical synapses and is mediated by the fusion of synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitter. Synaptic vesicle dynamic spatial organization regulates synaptic transmission as well as synaptic plasticity. Because of their small size, synaptic vesicles require electron microscopy (EM) for their imaging, and their analysis is conducted manually. The manual annotation and segmentation of the hundreds to thousands of synaptic vesicles, is highly time consuming and limits the throughput of data collection. To overcome this limitation, we built an algorithm, mainly relying on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), capable of automatically detecting and localizing synaptic vesicles in electron micrographs. The algorithm was trained on murine synapses but we show that it works well on synapses from different species, ranging from zebrafish to human, and from different preparations. As output, we provide the vesicle count and coordinates, the nearest neighbor distance (nnd) and the estimate of the vesicles area. We also provide a graphical user interface (GUI) to guide users through image analysis, result visualization, and manual proof-reading. The application of our algorithm is especially recommended for images produced by transmission EM. Since this type of imaging is used routinely to investigate presynaptic terminals, our solution will likely be of interest for numerous research groups.
Исторический очерк о сакральных объектах на территории православного прихода Вознесения Господня в Клейниках
Authors: Kuprianowicz Adrian
Published: January 2022

The article is an attempt to present certain events over the past centuries connected with the creation of sacred buildings in the Orthodox parish in Klejniki. The article gives the chronological dates of the construction of every place of worship, often presenting their material fittings, such as icons, liturgical texts, etc. The material presented is also enriched with notes on clergymen carrying out pastoral duties in Klejniki parish, and their spiritual contribution to parishioners’ life. The parish life did not avoid various problems connected with an attempt to build churches. The lack of money, difficulties with an access to building materials, and administrative problems caused significant delays in construction work.
Prognostic stratification for patients with neuroendocrine tumours receiving 177Lu-Dotatate
Authors: Chen Luohai , Gnanasegaran Gopinath , Mandair Dalvinder , Toumpanakis Christos , Caplin Martyn , Navalkissoor Shaunak
Published: January 2022

177Lu-Dotatate is increasingly used in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumour (NET). However, few prognostic markers are available to stratify progression-free survival (PFS) of patients who received 177Lu-Dotatate. Clinicopathological data including baseline circulating biomarkers of patients with advanced NET who received 177Lu-Dotatate were routinely collected and were retrospectively analysed. Continuous variables were normalized by dividing them by their upper normal limits. The whole data set was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent markers and to develop a scoring model to predict treatment failure at 1 year. In total, 195 patients were included. Elevated baseline chromogranin A (CgA), normal creatinine and previous chemotherapy were three risk factors independently associated with 1-year treatment failure. By combining these risk factors, a scoring model was developed which could accurately predict 1-year treatment failure both in the training set (area under curve, AUC, 0.813; 95% CI, 0.731–0.895; P< 0.001) and in the validation set (AUC, 0.816; 95% CI, 0.644–0.968; P< 0.001). After selecting a score of 29.7 as the cut-off value of the scoring model, patients could be stratified into two groups namely low-risk and high-risk with significantly different 1-year treatment failure rate, PFS and overall survival (OS; P< 0.001) both in the training set and validation set. In conclusion, baseline CgA, creatinine level and previous chemotherapy were independently associated with 1-year treatment failure of patients with advanced NET who received 177Lu-Dotatate and the scoring model and prognostic stratification based on these markers could accurately predict 1-year treatment failure, PFS and OS.
Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: outcomes of 33 cases
Authors: Cavaco Daniela , Martins Ana Filipa , Cabrera Rafael , Vilar Helena , Leite Valeriano
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Diffuse sclerosing variant of PTC (DSV-PTC) is an uncommon subtype of thyroid cancer. Although an aggressive behavior is often recognized, prognostic significance is still under debate.

Objectives

To describe the clinicopathological features and outcomes of a series of DSV-PTC patients.

Methods

Retrospective data collection involving 33 patients diagnosed with DSV-PTC followed at the Endocrine Department of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Lisbon between 1981 and 2020.

Results

Twenty-six patients (78.8%) were females with a mean age at presentation of 29.4 ± 11.7 years old. Mean time of follow-up was 19.5 ± 10.6 years (range 0.5–39). Histologically, bilateral tumors were present in 72.7% patients (n  = 24), thyroid capsular invasion was documented in 57.6% (n  = 19), 45.4% (n  = 15) had extrathyroidal extension, and 42.4% (n  = 14) had lymphovascular invasion. Most patients were staged pT3 (42.4%, n  = 14) and pN1 (81.8%, n  = 27). Median lymph nodes resected were 16. None of the patients showed distant metastases at presentation. All patients were treated at least once with 131I. During follow-up, four patients (14.8%), with persistent neck disease, were diagnosed with distant metastases, all of them in the lung. Two patients (1.8%) presented recurrent disease in the neck after being considered with no evidence of disease. At the last appointment, 18 patients (54.5%) were in remission, 4 (12.1%) had biochemical evidence of disease, 6 had structural disease, and for 5 patients disease status was considered as undetermined. There was no disease related mortality.

Discussion/conclusion

Our study confirms that DSV-PTC is diagnosed more often in young patients and exhibits a local extensive disease at presentation. On the other hand, even in the presence of distant metastases, no patient died during follow-up.
Iodine supplementation: compliance and association with adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Lopes-Pereira Maria , Quialheiro Anna , Costa Patrício , Roque Susana , Correia Santos Nadine , Correia-Neves Margarida , Goios Ana , Carvalho Ivone , Korevaar Tim I M , Vilarinho Laura , Palha Joana Almeida
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Over 1.9 billion people worldwide are living in areas estimated to be iodine insufficient. Strategies for iodine supplementation include campaigns targeting vulnerable groups, such as women in pre-conception, pregnancy and lactation. Portuguese women of childbearing age and pregnant women were shown to be mildly-to-moderately iodine deficient. As a response, in 2013, the National Health Authority (NHA) issued a recommendation that all women considering pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding, take a daily supplement of 150–200 μg iodine. This study explored how the iodine supplementation recommendation has been fulfilled among pregnant and lactating women in Portugal, and whether the reported iodine supplements intake impacted on adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Design and methods

Observational retrospective study on pregnant women who delivered or had a fetal loss in the Braga Hospital and had their pregnancies followed in Family Health Units.

Results

The use of iodine supplements increased from 25% before the recommendation to 81% after the recommendation. This was mostly due to an increase in the use of supplements containing iodine only. Iodine supplementation was protective for the number of adverse obstetric outcomes (odds ratio (OR) = 0.791, P = 0.018) and for neonatal morbidities (OR = 0.528, P = 0.024) after controlling for relevant confounding variables.

Conclusion

The recommendation seems to have succeeded in implementing iodine supplementation during pregnancy. National prospective studies are now needed to evaluate the impact of iodine supplementation on maternal thyroid homeostasis and offspring psychomotor development and on whether the time of the beginning of iodine supplementation (how early during preconception or pregnancy) is relevant to consider.
Impact of body mass index on short-term outcomes after differentiated thyroid cancer surgery: a nationwide inpatient database study in Japan
Authors: Konishi Takaaki , Fujiogi Michimasa , Michihata Nobuaki , Niwa Takayoshi , Morita Kojiro , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Tanabe Masahiko , Seto Yasuyuki , Yasunaga Hideo
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Recent studies have shown worse post-operative outcomes following several surgeries in underweight or obese patients. However, the association between body mass index (BMI) and short-term outcomes following thyroid cancer surgery remains unclear because of the small number of patients, deficits in background data known as risk factors (e.g. cancer stage, operative procedure, intraoperative device use and hospital volume) and categorisation of BMI.

Methods

We identified patients who underwent thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer from July 2010 to March 2017 using a Japanese nationwide inpatient database. We used restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses to investigate potential non-linear associations between BMI (without categorisation) and outcomes: post-operative complications (local and general), duration of anaesthesia, post-operative length of hospital stay and hospitalisation costs. The analyses were adjusted for demographic and clinical backgrounds including the above-stated factors. We also performed multivariable regression analyses for the outcomes with categorisation of BMI.

Results

Among 59,671 eligible patients, the median BMI was 22.9 kg/m2 (interquartile range (IQR), 20.7–25.6 kg/m2). In total, 3860 patients (6.5%) had local complications and 787 patients (1.3%) had general complications. Although there were no significant associations with local complications, such as bleeding, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and surgical site infection, the occurrence of general complications was significantly associated with higher BMI. BMI showed a linear association with the duration of anaesthesia and U-shaped associations with post-operative length of stay and hospitalisation costs. The lowest points of the U-shaped curves occurred at a BMI of approximately 24 kg/m2. The multivariate regression analyses showed consistent results with the RCS analyses.

Discussion/conclusion

Whereas RCS analyses revealed no significant associations between BMI and post-operative local complications, obesity was significantly associated with the occurrence of general complications. The linear association between BMI and duration of anaesthesia corresponds to previous studies. Although post-operative length of stay and total hospitalisation costs demonstrated U-shaped associations, the slight differences would not be clinically important. Even if surgeons must pay attention to general complications in obese patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery as well as other surgeries, underweight and overweight patients can undergo thyroidectomy as safely as patients with normal BMI.
ФІНАНСОВИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ КАПІТАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИХ РЕСУРСІВ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ РЕГІОНУ У ВЗАЄМОВІДНОСИНАХ ІЗ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИМИ ГРОМАДАМИ
Authors: Levandivskyi O.T. , Balaniuk I.F. , Shelenko D.I. , Sas L.S.
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто фінансовий механізм капіталізації земельних ресурсів сільськогосподарських підприємств у взаємовідносинах з територіальними громадами, етапи його формування. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності ринкової капіталізації земель сільськогосподарського призначення у взаємовідносинах з територіальними громадами. Розглядається й аналізуються методичні підходи у грошовій оцінці земельних ресурсів. Відображено нормативну грошову оцінку земель сільськогосподарського призначення в Україні за сільськогосподарськими угіддями. Проведено аналіз орендної плати щодо використання земель сільськогосподарського призначення за регіонами.

Досліджено основні види оцінки земельних ресурсів залежно від мети та методів її проведення. Здійснено аналіз нормативно-правових актів, які регламентують порядок проведення оцінки земельних ресурсів. З’ясовано, що вартість, за якою земельні ресурси відображаються в обліку залежить від способу набуття їх у власність та/або користування, а також від мети їх використання. Встановлено, що в бухгалтерському обліку для оцінки земельних ресурсів використовуються такі види вартостей, як: первісна (історична (фактична) собівартість або справедлива вартість) та переоцінена.

У процесі дослідження використано такі основні методи: системно-структурний та абстрактнологічний (для теоретичних узагальнень результатів аналітичних розрахунків і формулювання висновків); аналізу і синтезу (для деталізації об’єкта дослідження через його поділ на окремі складові та зведення результатів їх вивчення в одне ціле); метод порівняльного аналізу (для обґрунтування застосування окремих інструментів регулювання виробничих і управлінських відносин); економіко-статистичний – групування, кореляційно-регресійний аналіз (для виявлення впливу чинників на окремі його критерії); розрахунковоконструктивний (в опрацюванні стратегії розвитку).

Доведено, що з формуванням ринку земель питання з нормативної грошової оцінки земель сільськогосподарського призначення набувають нового змісту та потребують подальшого дослідження. Звернута увага на взаємовідносини територіальних громад і сільськогосподарських підприємств щодо наповнення місцевого бюджету платою за використання земельних ресурсів. Визначено капіталізацію земельних ресурсів з поступовою трансформацією їх у капітал задля підвищення ринкової ціни.

Виявлено значну диференціацію вартості сільськогосподарських земель у регіонах України за нормативно грошовою оцінкою. Зосереджено увагу на значній недооцінці земельних ресурсів та довгому терміні їх капіталізації. Із метою трансформації земельних ресурсів у фінансові активи обґрунтовано пропозиції щодо удосконалення фінансового механізму капіталізації земельних ресурсів в аграрному секторі. Зокрема, наголошується на системі експертної та нормативно грошової оцінки земель, формування та розвитку інфраструктури ринку сільськогосподарських земель.
A solution of the fractional differential equations in the setting of $b$-metric space
Authors: Afshari H. , Karapinar E.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we study the existence of solutions for the following differential equations by using a fixed point theorems \[ \begin{cases} D^{\mu}_{c}w(\varsigma)\pm D^{\nu}_{c}w(\varsigma)=h(\varsigma,w(\varsigma)),& \varsigma\in J,\ \ 0<\nu<\mu<1,\\ w(0)=w_0,& \ \end{cases} \] where $D^{\mu}$, $D^{\nu}$ is the Caputo derivative of order $\mu$, $\nu$, respectively and $h:J\times \mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is continuous. The results are well demonstrated with the aid of exciting examples.
Generalization of Szász operators: quantitative estimate and bounded variation
Authors: Bozkurt K. , Limmam M.L. , Aral A.
Published: January 2022

Difference of exponential type Szász and Szász-Kantorovich operators is obtained. Similar estimates are given for higher order $\mu$-derivatives of the Szász operators and the Szász-Kantorovich type operators acting on the same order $\mu$-derivative of the function. These differences are given in quantitative form using first modulus of continuity. Convergence in variation of the operators in the space of functions with bounded variation with respect to the variation seminorm is obtained. The results propose a general framework covering the results provided by previous literature.
The use of the isometry of function spaces with different numbers of variables in the theory of approximation of functions
Authors: Bushev D.M. , Abdullayev F.G. , Kal'chuk I.V. , Imashkyzy M.
Published: January 2022

In the work, we found integral representations for function spaces that are isometric to spaces of entire functions of exponential type, which are necessary for giving examples of equality of approximation characteristics in function spaces isometric to spaces of non-periodic functions. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the nonnegativity of the delta-like kernels used to construct isometric function spaces with various numbers of variables.
Non-symmetric approximations of functional classes by splines on the real line
Authors: Parfinovych N.V.
Published: January 2022

Let $S_{h,m}$, $h>0$, $m\in {\mathbb N}$, be the spaces of polynomial splines of order $m$ of deficiency 1 with nodes at the points $kh$, $k\in {\mathbb Z}$.

We obtain exact values of the best $(\alpha, \beta)$-approximations by spaces $S_{h,m}\cap L_1({\mathbb R})$ in the space $L_1({\mathbb R})$ for the classes $W^r_{1,1}({\mathbb R})$, $r\in {\mathbb N}$, of functions, defined on the whole real line, integrable on ${\mathbb R}$ and such that their $r$th derivatives belong to the unit ball of $L_1({\mathbb R})$.

These results generalize the well-known G.G. Magaril-Ilyaev's and V.M. Tikhomirov's results on the exact values of the best approximations of classes $W^r_{1,1}({\mathbb R})$ by splines from $S_{h,m}\cap L_1({\mathbb R})$ (case $\alpha=\beta=1$), as well as are non-periodic analogs of the V.F. Babenko's result on the best non-symmetric approximations of classes $W^r_1({\mathbb T})$ of $2\pi$-periodic functions with $r$th derivative belonging to the unit ball of $L_1({\mathbb T})$ by periodic polynomial splines of minimal deficiency.

As a corollary of the main result, we obtain exact values of the best one-sided approximations of classes $W^r_1$ by polynomial splines from $S_{h,m}({\mathbb T})$. This result is a periodic analogue of the results of A.A. Ligun and V.G. Doronin on the best one-sided approximations of classes $W^r_1$ by spaces $S_{h,m}({\mathbb T})$.
Atributos diferenciadores entre el comercio minorista tradicional y el moderno
Authors: Bohorquez-Lopez Victor W. , García Ortiz Paula Andrea , Méndez-Lazarte Christiam , Caycho Chumpitaz Carlos
Published: January 2022

La presente investigación se enfoca en identificar las diferencias entre el comercio tradicional (mercados de abastos) y el comercio moderno (supermercados), en un contexto en el cual el mercado tradicional representa alrededor del 80% de la venta de alimentos no procesados. Estas diferencias contribuyen a frenar la expansión del comercio moderno en algunas megaciudades. El método tomó como fuente una encuesta realizada por la Organización de Agricultura y Alimentos de las Naciones Unidas (fao) en el 2017 a amas de casa de Lima metropolitana, aplicando un muestreo probabilístico. Se evaluaron estadísticamente tanto los atributos del grupo de amas de casa que refirieron comprar en un mercado de abastos como los de las amas de casa que prefirieron un supermercado. Los resultados muestran cómo el trato personal y las posibilidades de regatear son los atributos diferenciadores en el grupo de amas de casa que prefieren el canal tradicional frente al moderno, y que aquellas que prefieren el comercio moderno lo hacen por darle mayor importancia a los atributos de seguridad, limpieza y estacionamiento de vehículos. Finalmente, se concluye que los atributos diferenciadores están asociados a la atmósfera, por lo que precio, variedad, conveniencia e, incluso, el hecho de ser un alimento fresco son atributos relevantes para la decisión, pero no son atributos diferenciadores.
Wavy or curly?
Authors: Gilbert Pupa U. P. A.
Published: January 2022

Graphical abstract
Kajian Logam Dalam Al-Qur’an dan Korelasinya pada Konsep Pemikiran Jabir Bin Hayyan
Authors: Faniyah Isti , Hidayatullah Ahmad Fauzan
Published: January 2022

Kajian logam dalam Al-Qur’an dan korelasinya pada konsep pemikiran jabir bin hayyan berawal dari jabbar bin hayyan yang menjadi salah satu tokoh kimia muslim yang ada di dunia. Ia terkenal dengan gelar yang sangat dibanggakan dunia “The Father of Modern Chemistry”. Beliau menemukan berbagai logam seperti besi, logam bahkan menemukan cara mengatasi korosi pada besi. Jabir juga tidak hanya menyebutkan ilmu kimia saja namun dengan ilmu agama yang sangat mempunyai hubungan dengan ayat-ayat Allah. Penemuanya dengan unsur logam dapat dikaitkan atau mempunyai korelasi dengan Al-Qur’an dimana Allah telah berfirman secara tersurat dan tegas dalam beberapa ayat mengenai unsur logam. Seperti Allah mengatakan bahwa unsur logam yang diciptakan-Nya mempunyai kemampuan atau kekuatan yang sangat hebat sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik oleh manusia. Pada penelitian kali ini kami memberi batasan yaitu unsur logam yang kebermanfaatnya sangat mencolok dalam dunia seperti besi, tembaga dan emas. Unsur logam tersebut pada jaman dahulu dimanfaatkan untuk alat-alat perang seperti baju, pedang, panah, perisai dan sebagainya. Lalu tembaga yang dicampurkan dengan unsur logam lain menghasilkan logam yang kokoh dan emas digunakan sebagai alat tukar barang bahkan simbol kekayaan pada jaman Nabi. Seiring berjalanya waktu, banyak ilmuan yang menguji kekuatan unsur logam yang sudah terkandung dalam Al-Qur’an, sehingga pada masa kini telah terbukti bahwa unsur logam telah dimanfaatkan secara mendunia seperi alat-alat berat pada industri terbuat dari besi, dalam kabel listri terbuat dari tembaga dan emas yang mempunyai manfaat yang banyak.
Senyawa Isoflavonoid Terisoprenilasi dari Ranting Flemingia macrophylla
Authors: Halim Issaora Juni Annisa Tiara Kasih Ria , Tanjung Mulyadi , Saputri Ratih Dewi , Aldin Muhamad Fajar , Tjahjandarie Tjittik Srie
Published: January 2022

Flemingia macrophylla merupakan tumbuhan perdu yang termasuk keluarga Fabaceae. Senyawa fenolik Flemingia mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan isoflavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas sitotoksik senyawa isoflavonoid dari Flemingia macrophylla terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Ekstraksi dan isolasi senyawa isoflavonoid menggunakan metanol pada suhu kamar. Dua senyawa isoflavonoid terisoprenilasi, 8-(1.1-dimetil-prop-2-enil) genistein (1) dan osajin (2) telah berhasil dipisahkan dari ranting Flemingia macrophylla. Penentuan struktur senyawa isoflavonoid menggunakan data spektroskopi ultraviolet (UV), inframerah (IR), 1D dan 2D NMR. Sitotoksik 8-(1.1-dimetil-prop-2-enil) genistein (1) dan osajin (2) terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D memperlihatkan nilai IC50 sebesar 10,91 ± 0,17 dan 3,72 ± 0,23 µg/mL.
Sintesis Oksida Grafena dari Arang Tempurung Kelapa Untuk Aplikasi Antibakteri dan Antioksidan
Authors: Sjahriza Ahmad , Herlambang Surya
Published: January 2022

Oksida grafena adalah turunan dari grafena yang mudah disintesis dan aplikasi yang sangat luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyintesisoksida grafena dari arang tempurung kelapa yang memiliki karakter partikel nano karbon sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. Oksida grafena dari arang tersebut berhasil disintesis dengan rendemen 1,85% b/b menggunakan modifikasi metode Hummers dengan ukuran rataan partikel 33,7 nm. Gugus fungsi beroksigen pada spektrum inframerah pada bilangan gelombang 2933 cm-1 dan 1615 cm-1 menandakan oksida grafena berhasil terbentuk. Puncak difraksi sinar X 23,5o dan kristalinitas sebesar 6,85%. Derajat kristalinitas yang rendah menunjukan bahwa oksida grafena memiliki fasa amorf. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan berdasarkan kemampuannya mereduksi besi(III) dan hasil sintesis memperlihatkan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 50% dibanding standar. Hasil pengujian antibakteri ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus sehingga oksida grafena memiliki aktivitas antibakteri namun tergolong lemah.
Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol dan Kitosan Kulit Udang Terhadap Biodegradasi dan Ketahanan Air Plastik Biodegradable
Authors: Solekah Susi , Sasria Nia , Dewanto Hizkia Alpha
Published: January 2022

Pada plastik biodegradable, aktivitas mikroorganisme menyebabkan plastik jenis ini dapat terdegradasi sehingga tidak berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini plastik dibuat dari bahan dasar pati kulit singkong. Untuk meningkatkan karakteristik dari plastik berupa fleksibilitas dibutuhkan penambahan gliserol guna menghasilkan plastik yang fleksibel, dengan memvariasikan gliserol dengan komposisi 2 mL, 4 mL dan 6 mL. Untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik dari plastik dibutuhkan penambahan kitosan, dengan memvariasikan kitosan dengan komposisi 0,5 g, 1 g dan 1,5 g. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari gliserol dan kitosan terhadap kemampuan biodegradasi dan ketahanan air dari plastik biodegradable serta kemampuan biodegradasi dari plastik biodegradable dalam waktu 7 hari. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengujian berupa uji FTIR untuk mengetahui gugus fungsi pada sampel, uji ketahanan air (uji swelling) untuk mengetahui ketahanan air pada sampel, uji biodegradasi mengetahui kemampuan degradasi dari sampel dan uji mikroskop optik untuk mengidentifikasi struktur mikro dari sampel. Pada penelitian ini untuk hasil biodegradasi yang paling tinggi yaitu pada sampel dengan variasi 0,5 g kitosan dan 2 mL gliserol sebesar 35.43% dan untuk hasil biodegradasi yang paling rendah yaitu pada sampel dengan variasi 2 g kitosan dan 6 mL gliserol yaitu sebesar 12.20% sedangkan untuk hasil uji ketahanan air (uji swelling) yang paling tinggi yaitu pada sampel dengan variasi kitosan 0,5 g kitosan dan 2 mL gliserol  sebesar 50.59% dan hasil yang paling rendah yaitu pada sampel dengan variasi 1 g kitosan dan 2 mL gliserol yaitu sebesar 28.90%.
Analisis Bioinformatika dan Ekspresi Protein Rekombinan Hemagglutinin Domain Globular dari Virus H5N1 Indonesia pada Eschericia coli BL21 (DE3) sebagai Komponen Vaksin Subunit Influenza
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Handiyani Rima , Kusumawardani Shinta , Idar Idar , Baroroh Umi , Subroto Toto
Published: January 2022

Flu burung merupakan salah satu penyakit zoonosis yang patut diwaspadai di Indonesia, khususnya galur High Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) karena dapat mematikan jika menular kepada manusia. Penggunaan vaksin influenza pada unggas, merupakan langkah preventif terhadap evolusi virus yang berbahaya dan juga penyebarannya. Selama ini, Indonesia masih menggunakan seed vaksin impor yang berasal dari luar Indonesia. Namun, karena Indonesia merupakan negara yang berada di garis khatulistiwa, karakteristik virus bisa berbeda dengan virus dari nothern-hemispere maupun southern-hemispere. Mengingat hal tersebut, Indonesia harus mengembangkan vaksin influenza menggunakan galur virus lokal. Berbeda dengan vaksin whole virus, vaksin rekombinan memiliki keunggulan dari sisi kemurnian, kecepatan produksi, dan kesesuaian galur terhadap virus yang beredar saat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sekuen hemagglutinin (HA) Indonesia dengan strain lainnya serta mengekspresikkan protein HA1 rekombinan pada Escherichia coli  BL21 (DE3). Galur yang digunakan pada studi ini berasal dari virus H5N1 (A/Indonesia/05/05), khususnya bagian domain globular dari HA1. Sekuen HA1 bervariasi antara strain Indonesia dengan nothern-hemispere maupun southern-hemispere dan merupakan protein yang terpapar ke luar virus. Gen HA1 disisipkan pada vektor pET-28a, kemudian plasmid diisolasi menggunakan meoe manniatis, setelah itu diekspresikan dengan induksi 1 mM IPTG selama 4 jam. Protein HA1 telah berhasil diekspresikan secara intraseluler dan telah dikonfirmasi pada berat molekul 40 kDa menggunakan SDS-PAGE. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan vaksin subunit yang lebih spesifik terhadap virus yang beredar di lapangan.
Industrial Revolution: A History of Industrial Revolution and Its Influence in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Nurdiana Nurdiana , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: January 2022

Before the existence of industrial technology, people in doing their job using their power. People were able to produce goods and sell services with their power. These activities are ineffective because they are constrained and take a long time, so the discovery of industrial technology is today. This study aims to determine the meaning of the industrial revolution, the history and development of the industrial revolution 1.0 to 4.0, the relationship between the industrial revolution and Indonesian history, and the influence of the industrial revolution in Indonesian manufacturing. Indonesian people do not understand what revolution means and how it relates to Indonesian history, where the current and former situation is very different because of a revolution, especially the industrial revolution. The discovery of industrial technology or industrial revolution makes human development become advanced and rapidly growing. In this study, the author uses a method in the form of a Literature Review (LR) or a literature review and data obtained from several articles that have been published and registered online. Technology is believed by many people to make their work easier and takes a short time. The development of technology became necessary because of the emergence of the industrial revolution 4.0 that changed human life. This article tries to review the understanding of the industrial revolution, its development history, and its influence on Indonesian manufacturing companies. The limitation or weakness of this research lies in the research process, namely the author's weakness in collecting the reference sources used.
Mitoni sebagai Tradisi Budaya dalam Masyarakat Jawa
Authors: Nuraisyah Fitri , Hudaidah Hudaidah
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the Javanese tradition in the form of mitoni, the writing of this article aims to analyze the mitoni tradition carried out by people in Java, starting from the preparation before carrying out the mitoni tradition ceremony to the stage of implementing the mitoni tradition. The method used in writing this article is a literature study which is used as a source of data taken from journals and digital books, besides that the data collection technique also uses interview techniques conducted to actors who have carried out the mitoni tradition. The result of writing an article is in the form of a tradition which means that it is a habit that is carried out from the ancestors and then passed on from generation to generation from one generation to the next. In this article, we discuss the mitoni tradition. Mitoni is a tradition carried out by the Javanese people when a mother is pregnant with her first child at the age of seven months. This mitoni tradition usually includes the preparation of tools and materials before carrying out the mitoni tradition ritual, then doing the mitoni tradition starting from the bathing stage, splitting coconut ivory, changing seven kinds of cloth, selling dawet ice and rujak. Then when bathing, the dipper used is made of coconut shell. Furthermore, this article also discusses the meaning of the mitoni tradition which is also called tingkeban.
Peran K.H. A. Muhammad Isa pada Tahun 1989-2021 dalam Perwujudan Islam Moderat di Cianjur Selatan
Authors: Alwan Alwan , As'ad Mahrus , Riza Muhammad
Published: January 2022

K.H. A. Muhammad Isa was very instrumental in spreading the teachings of moderate Islam in South Cianjur. Practically, he took moderate steps as the best effort to address the differences in views between the conservative and modernist camps in responding to the changing times. He was very instrumental in translating the syarah texts of Arabic books, making them easy to understand and widespread among the Ulama of Cianjur Regency. He is also a Falak Ulama and a member of the Hisab and Rukyat Agency the Ministry Religion of the Republic Indonesia, thus making him always involved with the Ministry Religion of the Republic Indonesia in determining the new moon and one Shawwal. This paper tries to reveal the progress of K.H. A. Muhammad Isa in the Embodiment of moderate Islam in South Cianjur. To obtain valid data, the method used in this research is a historical research method, which is a systematic procedure or technique with the principles and rules of History. The technique in question includes several steps, including: selection of sources (heuristics), internal and external criticism (verification), data analysis and interpretation (interpretation), and presentation in written form (historiography). With this paper, future generations of Muslims are expected to be able to take role models from the figures discussed and be able to represent the attitude of religious moderation as a pillar of national integration; the creation of a tolerant and harmonious religious life so as not to cause national disintegration.
Fenomena Munculnya Tokoh Islam Progresif Muhammadiyah 1980-2019
Authors: Sulaeman Asep , Samsudin Samsudin
Published: January 2022

Since its first establishment until the productive contemporary period, Muhammadiyah have successfully generated noticeable figures who always oriented towards finding a path to the progress of Muslims. Some of Muhammadiyah progressive figures who are well known such as; M. Syafi'i Maarif and other associates. However, in the journey of contribution from their thoughts, they get criticized and cause controversy. It is believed that their thoughts are considered controversial and contrary to the tradition of thinking of the general public and lead to polemics among Indonesian Muslims. Even, these Muhammdiyah figures and their characters are often labelled as liberal figures who have ever been forbidden by MUI. Concerning this issue, the writers are interested in examining the issue by exploring main purposes: First, an overview progressive Islamic figures of Muhammadiyah. Second, what are the typology of progressive Islamic figures from Muhammadiyah? In this study the writers employed the historical method including heuristics, criticism or analysis, interpretation, and historiography. Based on the research results, the authors determined that the emergence of progressive Islam in contemporary period of Muhammadiyah produced many noticeable figures such as: Ahmad Syafii Maarif, Azyumardi Azra, Bahtiar Effendi, Dawam Raharjo, and Zuly Qadir. Second typology, in this term, progressive Islamic figures from Muhammadiyah are categorized into two typologies namely; Progressive-moderate and progressive-radical.
Tradisi Keislaman Masyarakat Sunda pada Abad ke-19
Authors: Purnama Agung
Published: January 2022

This paper analyzes the religiosity of the Sundanese people in a historical approach, to be precise around the 19th century. The method used is the Historical Method which consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography stages. The results of the study show that the Sundanese people are known as religious people. Islam as a religion adopted by most of the Sundanese Tatar population has been acculturated with the local culture and with the noble values inherited by the Karuhun. In Sundanese society, Islamic teachings are often expressed with the taste of local traditions. Instead, local traditions are often given the breath of Islam, which further strengthens the religiosity of its adherents. In addition to carrying out the basic religious shari'ah, the religious expression of the Sundanese people is present in the form of religious holidays which are commemorated lively. Likewise, the stages of a person's life, such as birth, childhood, marriage, until death, have religious and cultural instruments attached to them.
Seasonal and Monthly Variations of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy and the Association with Choroidal Thickness in Chinese Population
Authors: G Liu , K Keyal , D Xu , F Wang
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To study seasonal and monthly variation in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC) and its possible association with choroidal thickness among Chinese population.
Delayed Diagnosis of Childhood Brain Tumors in Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors: TT John , NJ Mwang’ombe , PO Akuku
Published: January 2022

Background: Brain tumors are the second commonest tumors after leukemia and the most common solid tumors in children. Childhood brain tumors are the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Delayed diagnosis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are no specific studies on this subject in Kenya.
Two Cases of Encephalitis with Brainstem Involvement and Microglial Activation in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: D Metodiev , Y Toshev , K Anachkov , K Minkin , S Nachev
Published: January 2022

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) primary involves the respiratory system. However, as many other viral pandemics, the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is also characterized by nervous system involvement, mainly in elderly patients with comorbidity. The involvement of the nervous system is manifested by a variety of clinical symptoms, and results in morphology: encephalopathy, polyneuritis, brainstem encephalitis, etc. We present two PCR proven cases of patients who died after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The analysis of the inflammatory findings mainly manifested by perivenous lymphocytic infiltrates, also showed increase number of activated microglial cells. The blood supply of most venous vessels with different size and a pronounced “sludge” phenomenon made us a special impression, as in some sections these changes were demonstrated by a presence of thrombosis. Inflammatory manifestations were also observed in the brainstem near to the stem nuclei. We emphasize on the pathomorphological changes found in the brainstem, where inflammatory manifestations were also observed near to the stem nuclei.
Design of Novel Amphipathic α-Helical Antimicrobial Peptides with No Toxicity as Therapeutics against the Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen, Acinetobacter Baumannii
Authors: CT Mant , Z Jiang , L Gera , T Davis , RS Hodges
Published: January 2022

We designed de novo and synthesized two series of five 26-residue amphipathic α-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with five or six positively charged residues (D-Lys, L-Dab (2,4-diaminobutyric acid) or L-Dap (2,3-diaminopropionic acid)) on the polar face where all other residues are in the D-conformation. Hemolytic activity against human red blood cells was determined using the most stringent conditions for the hemolysis assay, 18h at 37°C, 1% human erythrocytes and peptide concentrations up to 1000 μg/mL (~380 μM). Antimicrobial activity was determined against 7 Acinetobacter baumannii strains, resistant to polymyxin B and colistin (antibiotics of last resort) to show the effect of positively charged residues in two different locations on the polar face (positions 3, 7, 11, 18, 22 and 26 versus positions 3, 7, 14, 15, 22 and 26). All 10 peptides had two D-Lys residues in the center of the non-polar face as “specificity determinants” at positions 13 and 16 which provide specificity for prokaryotic cells over eukaryotic cells. Specificity determinants also maintain excellent antimicrobial activity in the presence of human sera. This study shows that the location and type of positively charged residue (Dab and Dap) on the polar face are critical to obtain the best therapeutic indices.
Electricity Load Forecasting Using Deep Learning and Novel Hybrid Models
Authors: SÜTÇÜ Muhammed , ŞAHİN Kübra Nur , KOLOĞLU Yunus , ÇELİKEL Mevlüt Emirhan , GÜLBAHAR İbrahim Tümay
Published: January 2022

Load forecasting is an essential task which is executed by electricity retail companies. By predicting the demand accurately, companies can prevent waste of resources and blackouts. Load forecasting directly affect the financial of the company and the stability of the Turkish Electricity Market. This study is conducted with an electricity retail company, and main focus of the study is to build accurate models for load. Datasets with novel features are preprocessed, then deep learning models are built in order to achieve high accuracy for these problems. Furthermore, a novel method for solving regression problems with classification approach (discretization) is developed for this study. In order to obtain more robust model, an ensemble model is developed and the success of individual models are evaluated in comparison to each other.
Bipolar Fuzzy Supra Topological Spaces
Authors: MALKOÇ Hami , PAZAR VAROL Banu
Published: January 2022

In the present work, we introduce bipolar fuzzy supra topological space as a generalization of fuzzy supra topological space, investigate the basic properties, give the concepts of interior and closure and encouraged them by examples and counterexamples. Moreover, we study the concepts of bipolar fuzzy supra continuity and S^* bipolar fuzzy supra continuity and see that composition of two S^* bipolar fuzzy supra continuous functions may not be a S^* bipolar fuzzy supra continuous function. Also, we attempt to define the concept of compactness on bipolar fuzzy supra topology.
Industry 5.0: concept, formation and development
Authors: Babkin A. V. , Fedorov A. A. , Liberman I. V. , Klachek P. M.
Published: January 2022

At present in Europe and Russia there are active discussions of the next mega stage of human social and economic development. It concerns the Industry 5.0 concept. In 2020–2021 members of scientific research and technological organizations discussed the aspects of Industry 5.0 at a number of well-known European and Russian forums. Major attention was paid to technologies maintaining Industry 5.0. As a result the world scientific community reached a consensus on two fronts: firstly, on integration of opportunities of the existing technologies of Industry 4.0 with the human-oriented approach of Industry 5.0 which will give way to harmonious interaction of human intelligence with cognitive calculations; and, secondly, on integration of human and machine intelligence to create collective intelligence which will make it possible to avoid technological singularity in future as well as provide for simultaneous humans’ evolution and technologies’ development. These will become the basis for creating a fundamentally new social, economic and cultural strategy of the society’s development for the coming decades. The strategy is based on applying collective intelligence and meta-system technologies in all spheres of life. For the first time in the world scientific practice the authors introduce the concept of Industry 5.0 as a cyber social system which allows the alliance of human and artificial intelligence aimed at creating collective super intelligence and becomes a source of harmonious technological development of human civilization. The authors present a neuro-ecosystem model of Industry 5.0 concept which will make it possible to set the task of implementing the systems of global meta-system strategized development of cognitive production and industry. Such systems are established as part of organization of cognitive production and new types of social and economic, cyber-social and industrial ecosystems by means of implementing collective intelligence and neuro-digital meta-technologies. This is the first stage of a new evolution process of developing Industry 4.0 concept, transition to Industry 5.0 and to meta-system transformations economics.
Prospects for the transition of the textile industry in the Russian to a closed-loop economy
Authors: Dolgushin A. B. , Tsukanov A. A. , Petrov A. D.
Published: January 2022

The life of a modern person today cannot be imagined free from an urgent and urgent problem – the problem of waste recycling. At the same time, the environmental situation in large cities, including industrial enterprises, is mainly determined by the state of the waste treatment system. These include solid municipal waste, as experts call the garbage that is formed daily in everyday life and makes a long way from the garbage chute to the yard container and further to the city dump.

At the moment, the infrastructure for collecting and processing secondary raw materials (glass, plastic, paper, batteries, etc.) is developing on the territory of many CIS countries, including Russia, while there are no reception points for textile waste of production and consumption in sufficient quantities, unlike in European countries. There are retail outlets that accept unnecessary textiles from the population, and in return provide discounts on their products. However, taking into account the volume of textile waste generation (about 4.2–4.8 million tons per year), the existing textile waste collection system, which collects only about 0.4% of textile waste, is clearly insufficient. Based on the identified problems, the authors of this article give a socio-ecological and economic assessment of the problem of handling textile waste of consumption in Russia. The analysis of the relationship of the problems of textile waste management to the UN Sustainable Development Goals is carried out. The international experience of applying the principles of the closed-cycle economy in relation to textile waste is considered and recommendations for the transition of the Russian textile industry to a closed-cycle economy are formed.