bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sonic irrigant activation for root canal disinfection: power modes matter!
Authors: Eggmann Florin , Vokac Yvonne , Eick Sigrun , Neuhaus Klaus W.
Published: April 2020

Background

Sonic irrigant activation has gained widespread popularity among general dentists and endodontists alike in recent years. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the impact of three power modes of a sonic activation device (EDDY) on its antimicrobial effectiveness in infected root canals.

Methods

The root canals of straight, human roots (n = 120) were prepared to size 40/.06. In a short-term infection experiment, the root canals were inoculated with different microbial species for three days. The following irrigation protocols, using 4 ml of normal saline as irrigant, were performed: negative control, manual rinsing, sonic irrigant activation at power modes “low”, “medium” and “high”. In a second, long-term experiment, testing the same irrigation protocols, inoculation lasted 21 days and sodium hypochlorite was used as irrigant. Sequential infection control samples were assessed using culture assays. The statistical analysis included one-way analysis of variance of log10-scaled counts of colony-forming units (CFU) with post-hoc comparisons using Bonferroni corrections and Chi2tests (α = 0.05).

Results

In the short-term experiment, the sonic irrigation protocols decreased the number of CFUs by 1.88 log10units compared with the negative control (p < 0.001). The power modes “medium” and “high” achieved the most effective reduction of the microbial load. In the long-term experiment, microbial regrowth occurred after 7 days unless the device was used at its highest power setting.

Conclusions

The power modes of the sonic irrigation device have a significant impact on the effectiveness for endodontic disinfection. The sonic irrigation device should always be used at the highest power setting in order to maximize its antimicrobial effectiveness.
Lipoplex-based targeted gene therapy for the suppression of tumours with VEGFR expression by producing anti-angiogenic molecules
Authors: Ho Shu-Yi , Chen Pin-Rong , Chen Chia-Hung , Tsai Nu-Man , Lin Yu-Hsin , Lin Chen-Si , Chuang Cheng-Hsun , Huang Xiao-Fan , Chan Yi-Lin , Liu Yen-Ku , Chung Chen-Han , Weng Shun-Long , Liao Kuang-Wen
Published: April 2020

Background

The anti-angiogenic fusion protein RBDV-IgG1 Fc (RBDV), which comprises the receptor-binding domain of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), has shown antitumour effects by reducing angiogenesis in vivo. This study used the cationic lipoplex lipo-PEG-PEI-complex (LPPC) to simultaneously encapsulate both the RBDV targeting protein and the RBDV plasmid (pRBDV) without covalent bonds to assess VEGFR targeting gene therapy in mice with melanoma in vivo.

Results

LPPC protected the therapeutic transgene from degradation by DNase, and the LPPC/RBDV complexes could specifically target VEGFR-positive B16-F10 cells both in vitro and in vivo. With or without RBDV protein-targeting direction, the pRBDV-expressing RBDV proteins were expressed and reached a maximal concentration on the 7th day in the sera after transfection in vivo and significantly elicited growth suppression against B16-F10 melanoma but not IgG1 control proteins. In particular, LPPC/pRBDV/RBDV treatment with the targeting molecules dramatically inhibited B16-F10 tumour growth in vivo to provide better therapeutic efficacy than the treatments with gene therapy with IgG1 protein targeting or administration of a protein drug with RBDV.

Conclusions

The simultaneous combination of the LPPC complex with pRBDV gene therapy and RBDV protein targeting might be a potential tool to conveniently administer targeted gene therapy for cancer therapy.
Identification of novel human adenovirus candidates using the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor for cell entry
Authors: Mese Kemal , Bunz Oskar , Schellhorn Sebastian , Volkwein Wolfram , Jung Dominik , Gao Jian , Zhang Wenli , Baiker Armin , Ehrhardt Anja
Published: April 2020

Background

There are over 100 known human adenovirus (HAdV) types, which are able to cause a broad variety of different self-limiting but also lethal diseases especially in immunocompromised patients. Only limited information about the pathogenesis and biology of the majority of these virus types is available. In the present study, we performed a systematic screen for coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR)-usage of a large spectrum of HAdV types.

Methods

To study receptor usage we utilized a recombinant HAdV library containing HAdV genomes tagged with a luciferase and GFP encoding transgene. We infected CHO-CAR cells stably expressing the CAR receptor and control cells lacking the CAR receptor with tagged viruses (HAdV3, 14, 16, 50, 10, 24, 27, 37 and 69) and measured luciferase expression levels 26 and for some viruses (AdV10, − 24 and − 27) 52 h post-infection. As positive control, we applied human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV5) known to use the CAR receptor for cell entry. For viruses replication studies on genome level we applied digital PCR.

Results

Infection of CHO-CAR and CHO-K1 cells at various virus particle numbers per cell (vpc) revealed that HAdV10, 24, and 27 showed similar or decreased luciferase expression levels in the presence of CAR. In contrast, HAdV3, 14, 16, 50, 37 and 69 resulted in increased luciferase expression levels in our initial screening experiments. CAR usage of HAdV3, 14, 50, and 69 was not studied before, and therefore we experimentally confirmed CAR usage for these HAdV as novel viruses utilizing CAR as a receptor. To rule out that replication of HAdV in transduced CHO cells is responsible for increased transduction rates we performed replication assays on virus genome level, which revealed that there is no HAdV replication.

Conclusion

In the present study, we screened a HAdV library and identified novel human HAdV using the CAR receptor. To our knowledge, this is the first description of CAR usage for HAdV 3, 14, 50, and 69.
Practice on pressure ulcer prevention among nurses in selected public hospitals, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Berihu Hagos , Wubayehu Tewolde , Teklu Tewolde , Zeru Teklay , Gerensea Hadgu
Published: April 2020

Objectives

Pressure ulcers are localized cellular damages to the skin and underlying tissues caused by pressure, shearing and frictional force. The aim of this study is to assess practices towards pressure ulcer prevention among nurses in the Central Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia, from September 10, 2017 to June 15, 2018. This study has also identified the major barriers that hamper nurses from preventing pressure ulcers. These barriers were heavy workload, inadequate training, and lack of universal guideline and shortage of resource. 17.2% of the participants had a good practice and 82.2% of the respondents had a poor practice of pressure ulcer prevention.

Result

Finding of this study showed that respondents have inadequate knowledge which may have led to their poor practice towards pressure ulcer prevention. Immediate intervention should be done on public hospitals of central Tigray to improve nurses’ practice towards pressure ulcer prevention.
Mindfulness is not associated with dissonant attitudes but enhances the ability to cope with them
Authors: Muschalik Carolin , Crutzen Rik , Elfeddali Iman , de Vries Hein
Published: April 2020

Background

Explicit and implicit attitudes have been studied extensively, but there is less attention to reducing dissonance between them. This is relevant because this dissonance (IED) results in distress and has inconsistent effects on behavior, e.g. less physical activity but more smoking. Mindfulness decreases dissonance between self-related explicit and implicit constructs. This study investigates if, and which, specific mindfulness subskills are associated with decreased dissonance between explicit and implicit attitudes, and whether mindfulness subskills moderate the relationship between IED and intention/behavior.

Method

At baseline and one and three months thereafter, participants’ (N = 1476) explicit attitudes, implicit attitudes, red meat consumption (RMC), intention to reduce RMC as well as levels of trait mindfulness were assessed.

Results

Mindfulness subskills were not associated with decreased IED. IED was associated with lower RMC and a higher intention to reduce RMC. The mindfulness subskill acceptance buffered the effect of IED on intention, seemingly offering a skill to deal with dissonant attitudes, which was unidentified until now.

Conclusion

The mindfulness subskill accepting without judgment functions as a way to deal with dissonance. Future research should use this novel finding and investigate whether mindfulness can be used as a buffer in contexts where dissonance results in maladaptive behaviors.
Bone strain index in the prediction of vertebral fragility refracture
Authors: Ulivieri Fabio Massimo , Piodi Luca Petruccio , Rinaudo Luca , Scanagatta Paolo , Cesana Bruno Mario
Published: April 2020

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can provide quantitative (bone mineral density, BMD) and qualitative (trabecular bone score, TBS) indexes of bone status, able to predict fragility fractures in most osteoporotic patients. A new qualitative index of bone strength, based on finite element analysis and named bone strain index (BSI), has been recently developed from lumbar DXA scan. We present the preliminary results about the BSI ability to predict a refracture in patients with fragility fractures. A total of 143 consecutive fractured patients with primary osteoporosis (121 females) performed a spine x-ray examination for the calculation of spine deformity index (SDI) and a DXA densitometry for BMD, TBS, and BSI at basal time and in the follow-up. A refracture was considered as a one-unit increase in SDI. For each unit increase of the investigated indexes, the hazard ratio of refracture, 95% confidence interval, p value, and proportionality test p value were for BSI 1.201, 0.982−1.468, 0.074, and 0.218; for lumbar BMD 0.231, 0.028−1.877, 0.170, and 0.305; and for TBS 0.034, 0.001−2.579, 0.126, and 0.518, respectively. BSI was the index predictive of refracture nearest to statistical significance. If confirmed, it may be used for a better risk assessment of osteoporotic patients.
Can the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scales be adapted for use in the context of osteoarthritis with general practitioners and physiotherapists?
Authors: O’Brien Daniel W. , Bassett Sandra , Clair Valerie Wright-St , Siegert Richard J.
Published: April 2020

Background

Conservative, first-line treatments (exercise, education and weight-loss if appropriate) for hip and knee joint osteoarthritis are underused despite the known benefits. Clinicians’ beliefs can affect the advice and education given to patients, in turn, this can influence the uptake of treatment. In New Zealand, most conservative OA management is prescribed by general practitioners (GPs; primary care physicians) and physiotherapists. Few questionnaires have been designed to measure GPs’ and physiotherapists’ osteoarthritis-related health, illness and treatment beliefs. This study aimed to identify if a questionnaire about low back pain beliefs, the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT), can be adapted to assess GP and physiotherapists’ beliefs about osteoarthritis.

Methods

This study used a cross-sectional observational design. Data were collected anonymously from GPs and physiotherapists using an online survey. The survey included a study-specific demographic and occupational characteristics questionnaire and the PABS-PT questionnaire adapted for osteoarthritis. All data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and the PABS-PT data underwent principal factor analysis.

Results

In total, 295 clinicians (87 GPs, 208 physiotherapists) participated in this study. The principal factor analysis identified two factors or subscales (categorised as biomedical and behavioural), with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84 and 0.44, respectively.

Conclusions

The biomedical subscale of the PABS-PT appears appropriate for adaptation for use in the context of osteoarthritis, but the low internal consistency of the behavioural subscale suggests this subscale is not currently suitable. Future research should consider the inclusion of additional items to the behavioural subscale to improve internal consistency or look to develop a new, osteoarthritis-specific questionnaire.

Trial registration

This trial was part of the primary author’s PhD, which began in 2012 and therefore this study was not registered.
A GAMIFICAÇÃO APLICADA À FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE FÍSICA EM TRÊS OPÇÕES METODOLÓGICAS
Authors: Silva André Coelho da , Fortunato Ivan
Published: April 2020

Este artigo trata do conceito e da prática da gamificação na formação inicial docente, particularmente aplicada no curso de Licenciatura em Física. Metodologicamente, foi desenvolvido a partir da revisão de literatura e da análise de práticas desenvolvidas no referido curso de uma instituição federal de ensino, no interior do estado de São Paulo. Foram localizados poucos artigos publicados nas revistas de ensino de maior impacto no Brasil, sendo que nenhuma produção trata da particularidade da gamificação no ensino superior, direcionada para a formação docente de Física (ou Ciências). Apresentam-se três opções metodológicas, a saber, a gamificação para analogias, na promoção da memorização e revisão, e como possibilidade de experimentação de papéis. Ao final, reconhece-se o potencial da gamificação não apenas no engajamento das atividades de aprendizagem, mas seu papel na avaliação formativa de futuros professores. Como limites deste trabalho, apontam-se a investigação realizada em um centro de formação específico, tendo como indicação de novas pesquisas, outros centros de formação de professores de Física.
Life's hard and then you die: the end-of-life priorities of people experiencing homelessness in the UK
Authors: Webb Wendy Ann , Mitchell Theresa , Snelling Paul , Nyatanga Brian
Published: April 2020

Background:

People experiencing homelessness often die young and without adequate support. In the UK, they fail to access palliative care services and their end-of-life priorities remain poorly understood.

Aims:

To explore the end-of-life concerns, fears, preferences and priorities of a sample of people experiencing homelessness in the UK.

Methods:

This is an interpretive phenomenology. Data collected through semi-structured, audio-recorded, face-to-face interviews with 21 homeless participants in the UK were analysed iteratively using thematic analysis. Findings have been interpreted through the lens of Merleau-Ponty's philosophy.

Results:

Eight themes are reported: spiritual concerns; practical concerns; fear of needing care; fear of being forgotten; preference for dying suddenly; preference for being somewhere comfortable where people know me; prioritising autonomy and self-determination; and prioritising authenticity.

Conclusion:

A strengths-based, trauma-informed, person-centred, collaborative ‘compassionate community’ approach to care is recommended for people experiencing homelessness at end of life.
MXene-Ti3C2Tx for watt-level high-efficiency pulse generation in a 2.8  μm mid-infrared fiber laser
Authors: Wei Chen , Zhou Liqiang , Wang Dongsheng , Chi Hao , Huang Hua , Zhang Han , Liu Yong
Published: April 2020

We report a watt-level passively

Q

-switched 2.8 μm mid-infrared multi-mode fiber laser by employing multi-layered two-dimensional MXene-

Ti

3

C

2

T

x

as the saturable absorber (SA). The MXene-

Ti

3

C

2

T

x

is fabricated by selectively etching aluminum layers in

Ti

3

AlC

2

. The non-saturable loss, modulation depth, and saturable intensity of the SA at 2866 nm were measured to be 25.0%, 33.2%, and

0.043
  
GW
/

cm

2

, respectively. The maximum average output power of the

Ti

3

C

2

T

x

Q

-switched fiber laser reached 1.09 W at 28.23% slope efficiency. The pulse repetition rate, shortest pulse width, pulse peak power, and single-pulse energy were 78.12 kHz, 1.04 μs, 13.4 W, and 13.93 μJ, respectively. This is the first demonstration of watt-level pulse generation in a mid-infrared fiber laser using low dimensional materials, to the best of our knowledge. These results indicate that the

Ti

3

C

2

T

x

is a reliable and superior broadband SA for high power mid-infrared pulsed laser generation.
Integrated mode-transparent polarization beam splitter supporting thirteen data channels
Authors: Sun Chunlei , Yu Yu , Ding Yunhong , Li Zhen , Qi Wei , Zhang Xinliang
Published: April 2020

The hybrid multiplexing technique reactivates optical interconnect as it offers multiple dimensions to dramatically enhance the data capacity of a single wavelength carrier. A straightforward method to realize hybrid multiplexing is to perform polarization multiplexing for mode-multiplexed signals, by utilizing a mode-transparent polarization beam splitter (MTPBS), which can process multiple modes simultaneously. However, present PBSs mainly work in the single-mode regime, and it is not easy to redesign the conventional PBS to accommodate multiple modes, due to the severe mode dispersion. Here, a novel MTPBS, which can tackle a group of modes simultaneously, is proposed and demonstrated. As a demonstration, the MTPBS supporting a total channel number of 13 is experimentally achieved, with low insertion loss and low modal/polarization cross talk. This work provides a new insight to realize hybrid multiplexing and represents a solution for high-density and large-capacity photonic integration.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN PELANGGAN ABC LAUNDRY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SERVICE QUALITY, IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (IPA) DAN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION INDEX (CSI)
Authors: Hadining Aulia Fashanah
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pelanggan terhadap kualitas pelayanan ABC Laundry serta untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara persepsi dan harapan pelanggan pada masing-masing dimensi kualitas. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian survei yang bersifat kuantitatif. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pelanggan ABC Laundry yang terletak di depan gerbang perumahan Griya Indah. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, pengolahan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Servqual, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) dan Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelanggan sudah merasa sangat puas terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan tetapi belum maksimal. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil pengujian tingkat kepuasan pelanggan dengan menggunakan metode Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) yaitu sebesar 91%. Pada pengujian dengan metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) terdapat 5 atribut yang masuk ke  dalam kuadran I yang artinya ada 5 atribut pelayanan yang belum maksimal. Berdasarkan pengujian dengan metode Servqual urutan perbaikan dimulai dari atribut E1 (pihak laundry mampu memberikan penyelesaian atas keluhan dari pelanggan) yang memiliki nilai negatif paling besar. Abstract[Title: Analysis of Customer Satisfaction ABC Laundry by Using Service Quality, Importance Performance Analysis and Customer Satisfaction Index Methode] This research was conducted with the aim to determine the level of customer satisfaction with the quality of ABC Laundry services and to determine whether are significant differences between customer perceptions and expectations in each dimension of quality. The research conducted is quantitative survey research. Respondents in this study were ABC laundry customers located in front of Griya Indah Housing Gate. Data collection is done by using questionnaire, data processing is done by using Servqual, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) methode. The result showed that customers were very satisfied with the service provided but not yet maximized. This can be seen the results of testing the index of customer satisfaction using Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) methode that is equal to 91%. In testing by using Importance Performance Analyis (IPA) methode, there are 5 attributes that enter into the Quadran I, which means that there are 5 service attributes that have not been maximized. Based on the test by using Servqual methode is the sequence of improvement starts from E1 attribute (the laundry is able to provide settlement of complaints from customers) which has the greatest negative value.Keywords: Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI); Dimension of Service Quality; Importance Performance Analysis (IPA); Servqual
USABILITY TESTING PADA APLIKASI MOBILE JKN BPJS KESEHATAN MENGGUNAKAN DOMAIN SPECIFIC INSPECTION
Authors: Rahmawati Berty Dwi
Published: April 2020

Pertumbuhan Internet dan teknologi memungkinkan setiap orang mendapatkan setiap informasi secara praktis dan efisien. Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan atau biasa disebut BPJS Kesehatan merupakan Badan Hukum yang dibentuk untuk menyelenggarakan program jaminan sosial nasional dalam bidang kesehatan untuk seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Perkembangan pesat dalam variabel jumlah peserta terus ditunjukkan oleh BPJS kesehatan setelah 5 tahun beroperasi. Hal ini dapat tercapai karena tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat yang semakin tinggi terhadap layanannya. Indeks kepuasan peserta terus mengalami peningkatan dari 75% menjadi 78,6% pada tahun 2016. Seiring dengan peningkatan indeks kepuasan tersebut, pada tahun 2017 BPJS Kesehatan meluncurkan aplikasi Mobile JKN agar pesertanya dapat secara mudah melakukan pengunduhan data peserta BPJS. Teknologi ini perlu terus dievaluasi dengan metode evaluasi kegunaan untuk mengukur efisiensi, efektivitas, dan menilai kepuasan pengguna. Evaluasi kegunaan ini juga bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah usabilitas yang muncul dalam pecahan kecil system aplikasi mobile JKN. Metode usabilitas yang digunakan adalah Domain Specific Inspection. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah nilai efisiensi sebesar >75% pada repetisi kelima. Atribut efektifitas bernilai 3,91 dari skala 5 dan atribut satisfaction bernilai 3,39. Abstract[Title: Usability Testing on BPJS Kesehatan Mobile JKN Application  Using Domain Specific Inspection] The growth of Internet and related technology enables everyone to get every information needed in a practical and efficient manner. The Health Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS Kesehatan) is a legal entity established to organize a national social program in the health sector for all Indonesian. Rapid development in number of participants continued to be shown by health BPJS after 5 years of the operation. This can be achieved due to public trust escalation. Participant satisfaction index continued to increase from 75% to 78.6% in 2016. Along with the increase in the satisfaction index, in 2017 BPJS Kesehatan launched the Mobile JKN application so that participants could easily download BPJS service and personal data. This technology needs to be continually evaluated using Usability Testing methods to measure efficiency, effectiveness, and user satisfaction. This usability evaluation also aims to identify usability problems that arise in a minor fraction of the JKN mobile application system. Method used in this study is Domain Specific Inspection. The results of this study are obtained as follow, efficiency value is higher than 75% after five repetition, effectiveness value achieve 3.91 of scale 5, and user satisfaction value achieve 3.39.Keywords: Application, BPJS Kesehatan; Domain Specific Inspection; Usability Testing
Improvement of Oxidative Stress in Older Women Is Dependent on Resistance Training Volume: Active Aging Longitudinal Study
Authors: Cunha Paolo M. , Ribeiro Alex S. , Padilha Camila , Nunes João Pedro , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Cyrino Letícia T. , Tomeleri Crisieli M. , Nascimento Matheus A. , Antunes Melissa , Fernandes Rodrigo R. , Barbosa Décio S. , Venturini Danielle , Burini Roberto C. , Sardinha Luís B. , Cyrino Edilson S.
Published: April 2020

Cunha, PM, Ribeiro, AS, Padilha, C, Nunes, JP, Schoenfeld, BJ, Cyrino, LT, Tomeleri, CM, Nascimento, MA, Antunes, M, Fernandes, RR, Barbosa, DS, Venturini, D, Burini, RC, Sardinha, LB, and Cyrino, ES. Improvement of oxidative stress in older women is dependent on resistance training volume: Active aging longitudinal study. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1141–1146, 2022—The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) performed with a higher versus lower training volume on oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers in older women. Thirty-eight older women (≥60 years) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: a group that performed 1 set per exercise (low volume [LV], n = 18) or 3 sets per exercise (high volume [HV], n = 20). The whole-body RT consisted of a 12-week RT program involving 8 exercises performed with sets of 10–15 repetitions maximum, 3 days per week. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), and ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) were used as OS biomarkers. The composite Z-score of the percentage changes from pre- to posttraining of OS biomarkers according to groups was calculated. A significant main effect of time (p < 0.05) was found for AOPP (LV = −7.3% vs. HV = −12.2%) and TRAP (LV = +1.5% vs. HV = +15.5%) concentrations, without a statistical difference between the groups (p > 0.05). A significant group vs. time interaction (p < 0.001) was revealed for FOX (LV = +6.4% vs. HV = −8.9%). The overall analysis indicated higher positive changes for HV than LV (composed Z-score: HV = 0.41 ± 1.22 vs. LV = −0.37 ± 1.03; p < 0.05). Our results suggest that a greater volume of RT seems to promote superior improvements on OS biomarkers in older women.
Pacing During 200-m Competitive Masters Swimming
Authors: Breen Derek , Powell Cormac , Anderson Ross
Published: April 2020

Breen, D, Powell, C, and Anderson, R. Pacing during 200-m competitive masters swimming. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1903–1910, 2020—Pacing strategies are key to overall performance outcome, particularly in swimming given the large resistive properties of water. However, no studies examining how swimming stroke, gender, age, or performance level affect pacing strategies during 200-m races. This study aimed to examine masters athletes pacing strategies categorized by stroke, gender, age, and performance level. Data were retrieved from World and European masters swimming championships and contained data for 4,272 performances. Performances were coded for stroke, gender, age, and performance classification (PC). Performance classification was based on comparison to the appropriate masters world record. Performances were then normalized, with split times being expressed as a percentage faster or slower than average 50-m split time to determine relative pace. Coefficient of variation (CV) of 50-m time was examined across splits. The main effect for stroke was examined at each split, whereas gender, age, and PC were examined for split-1 pace and CV. An alpha level of 0.05 was set to denote statistical significance. A main effect for stroke was identified at each split (all p < 0.001;

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-202007000-00012/inline-formula1/v/2023-08-19T002847Z/r/image-tiff

-split-1 = 0.292;

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-202007000-00012/inline-formula2/v/2023-08-19T002847Z/r/image-tiff

-split-2 = 0.040;

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-202007000-00012/inline-formula3/v/2023-08-19T002847Z/r/image-tiff

-split-3 = 0.058;

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-202007000-00012/inline-formula4/v/2023-08-19T002847Z/r/image-tiff

-split-4 = 0.162). A main effect for PC was identified for split-1 pace and CV within all strokes (all p < 0.001), except for breaststroke (both p > 0.775). Masters athletes exhibit different pacing patterns across strokes, whereas lower ranked athletes also display less even pacing and a faster relative start compared with higher-ranked athletes. Individual analyses of pacing strategies may be necessary.
Konstruksi Interogatif Bahasa Jepang : Analisis X-Bar
Authors: Budiman Jaka , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: April 2020

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai kategori fungsi kalimat interogatif dan merumuskan bentuk kalimat interogatif dalam bahasa Jepang menggunakan teori X-Bar. Dalam penelitian artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metode kepustakaan. Lalu, data dianalisis dengan metode agih dan hasil disajikan menggunakan pemahaman formal dan informal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kategori fungsional kalimat interogatif dalam bahasa Jepang meliputi komplemen dan pemerlengkap. Fungsi kalimat interogatif sebagai pemerlengkap ditempati oleh kalimat interogatif ya-tidak dan kalimat interogatif dengan kata tanya, sedangkan kalimat interogatif yang berfungsi sebagai komplemen ditempati oleh kalimat interogatif gaung sehingga dapat dilihat sebagai berikut : KT → [Pm] + Spes + I + Komp +     [Pm + Spes + I + Komp].

 

Kata Kunci : kalimat interogatif, struktur, kategori fungsional

 

Abstract

This research are describing about functional category of question and formulated question structure norm in Japanese with X-Bar theory. For this research article, i used library research method. Then, data was analyse with agih method and the result served with formal and informal understanding. The result are showed which question functional category in Japanese question as complement and complementary. The function of question as complementary be occupied by yes-no question and wh question, then question function as complement contained in echo question type as followed : KT → [Pm] + Spes + I + Komp +     [Pm + Spes + I + Komp].

Keywords : question, structure, functional category
How Government Strengthens the Street Vendors: Analysis of the Role of Brebes District Government
Authors: Ismail Akhmad Ghofar , Kusumo Ridwanto Ardi
Published: April 2020

The empowerment of street vendors in an area, if appropriately managed, will be able to improve the economy of the community and the local government. It is the duty of the local government. This study aims to find out the efforts and impacts of street vendors' empowerment by the Brebes Regency government. The results showed that: (1) street vendors' empowerment efforts carried out by the Brebes Regency Government were reasonable, but it would be better if street vendors’ empowerment efforts had special regional regulations related to street vendors’ empowerment. (2) The impact of empowerment by the Brebes Regency Government is divided into two aspects, namely social and economic issues. Common elements, for example, the formation of street vendor associations, a more organized environment, in financial aspects, for instance increasing street vendors' income and increasing the income of Brebes Regency.
Demo-economic situation in Southern Ukraine through the regional centers residents’ self-evaluation and attitudes prism
Authors: Fesenko Arthur , Bronnikova Larysa , Chorna Victoria , Bondarets Bogdan
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of the Southern Ukraine (Odessa, Mykolaiv, Kherson) regional centers’ residents — concerning self-esteem of their families welfare standards, their prospects about its improvement, and possible search for a better fate abroad. This research was carried out within the research project “Effective functioning and development of the regional socio-cultural environment in the context of decentralization as a pledge of Ukraine national security” (scientific project manager — Head of SociologySociological Cathedra of Petro Mohyla National University Iryna Meizys, timeframes for project implementation — 2017–2019). The survey revealed that a significant proportion of respondents assess their families' economic status and financial capabilities as critical, pointing to the limited ability or inability to sufficiently meet those needs that exceed current running costs. The results of the survey make it possible to evaluate the material status of regional centers residents (in a bigger or lesser extent) in the terminology of the scientific discourse of poverty by means of the categories “subjective poverty”, “relative poverty” and “deprivation” (restriction or complete deprivation). Moreover, for the most part, our respondents do not see any prospects for improving the economic situation in Ukraine in the near future: they don’t have confidence in the future, and therefore have a rather low estimate of the prospects for improving their own economic situation. The poll also showed the widespread emigration of the Southern Ukraine residents: more than half of respondents said that they were thinking about moving to a permanent place of residence in the “Western world”, that is associated in the mass consciousness of modern Ukrainians with wealth, high standards of pay, stability and prospects. In all cities of southern Ukraine, respondents' emigration / intentions still exceed the 50 percent limit. The results of the survey should also be used as indicators of social security for the functioning of the regional society. This is particularly relevant given the geopolitical challenges and threats that Ukraine is currently facing, including the Black Sea region, which is a region of strategic importance for Ukraine.
Editorial
Authors: Vieira Almir Martins
Published: April 2020

Neste segundo número de 2019, temos a grata satisfação de compartilhar outra conquista por nosso periódico: a Revista Organizações em Contexto (ROC) agora consta na base Cabells Publishing (Cabells Scholarly Analytics), importante repositório de periódicos, com reputação internacional. Tal conquista, inegavelmente, contribui para ampliar circulação do conteúdo científico publicado pela ROC, sendo fruto da qualidade do material produzido por nossos/as autores/as, além do criterioso trabalho de nossos/as revisores/as e pareceristas.
Qual Caminho Seguir? O Dilema De Uma Graduanda Em Administração
Authors: Pereira Grasiele Cabral , Passos Ana Paula Pereira dos , Wollinger Helena
Published: April 2020

A indecisão sobre o caminho a seguir após a graduação, é uma circunstância vivenciada por grande parte dos estudantes do curso de Administração. O curso oferece um imenso leque de possibilidades para atuação no mercado de trabalho, o estudante pode trabalhar em diferentes áreas da gestão, assim como abrir seu próprio negócio. O presente caso de ensino apresenta o dilema vivenciado por Roberta, uma estudante do sétimo período de Administração, que visualiza quatro diferentes caminhos para seguir, referente ao seu futuro, e se vê indecisa sobre qual escolher. As opções dispostas a Roberta são bem distintas, e ela precisa decidir o que fazer, pois a graduação está acabando. Desse modo, a proposta deste caso é fazer com que o leitor, se coloque no lugar de Roberta, a fim de promover o debate sobre gestão de carreira, motivações e satisfações que os levem a se identificar com uma das opções apresentadas.
Separate waste collection in the operation of commercial real estate as a mechanism to improve the economic efficiency of service organizations
Authors: Vasilev Alexander , Mordovchenkov Nikolay
Published: April 2020

The author considers the problem of cyclical treatment of waste generated at commercial real estate. Despite the insignificant, in comparison with the industrial sector, the share of negative impact on the environment of the imported 1 m2 area, the total share of negative impact brought by the whole complex of buildings and service infrastructure of commercial real estate requires special attention. The paper discusses the prospects of the organization of collection and disposal of substances containing useful components burial which, in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation from 25.07.2017 № 1589-p, is prohibited.
Environmental problems caused by the activities of oil and gas companies and actions to reduce environmental harm
Authors: Stepanenko Ivan , Soromotin Andrey , Lekomtsev Alexander
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental problems caused by the activities of the oil and gas sector.

The problem of the study is the most significant, as Russia is a major state for the production and processing of oil and gas products, so many regions face serious environmental problems.

The objectives of the study – to reveal the environmental problems in the activities of oil and gas companies in Russia, to analyze the environmental rating of oil and gas companies in Russia.

The author also presents an analysis of the activities of the oil and gas sector to date. It has a huge impact on the environment of many countries. There are serious environmental problems that harm the life of all living beings of the planet.

It is concluded that oil and gas companies have realized the importance of existing problems and pursues the goal of its improvement, improvement of industrial processes to eliminate environmental damage. Indicative in our country is the environmental rating of oil and gas companies, where the leading position is occupied by companies pursuing sustainable development and caring for the environment, which certainly affects their reputation.

In addition, the article provides an example of the actions of LUKOIL – recognized in 2018 as the most open company that publishes all information on environmental safety.
Analysis of factors of successful entrepreneurial activity of the 5LB sports nutrition chain store
Authors: Ryzhova Irina , Arustamov Eduard , Kireev Ilʹya
Published: April 2020

The 5LB sports nutrition store chain provides a wide range of certified sports nutrition: proteins, amino acids, creatine, weight gainers, fat burners and other sports nutrition product groups from leading manufacturers. Sports nutrition includes a special class of products specially created by scientists to maintain health and achieve high athletic performance by professional athletes. The range of products related to sports nutrition is quite wide. The popularity of and demand for such products has been growing rapidly lately, and specialized trade enterprises in this group of goods are clearly not enough. The market of sports nutrition products is very specific and represents a kind of intermediate position between the pharmaceutical market and the food market.

The most important motives for the purchase of sports nutrition drugs are the effectiveness of the drug and its safety. Such productive segments of the assortment as additives for increasing the muscles of the body, sports general preventive additives that increase the activity of the athlete’s circulatory system, energy, calcium-containing additives and means for the prevention of sports joint diseases are in increasing demand.
The economic effect of biogas-based cogeneration
Authors: Egorova Daria
Published: April 2020

The relevance of the research presented in the article is due to the high socio-economic importance of heat supply in Russia. The article is devoted to the issues of co-production of heat and electricity, as well as the usage of an alternative type of fuel for power generation – biogas, as a result of processing biological waste. The author proposes a comprehensive solution to the problem of the inefficiency of the Russian centralized heat supply: the introduction of cogeneration on the basis of mini- combined heat and power plant, the usage of biogas plants, the development of the legislative framework governing small distributed generation.
Analysis of resource-saving methods of increasing the service life of bearing supports of washing and squeezing machines and technological equipment of public utilities and consumer services
Authors: Zharov Vasily , Maximov Alexander , Sumzina Larisa
Published: April 2020

Increasing the service life of bearing supports of washing and squeezing machines and technological equipment of public utilities and consumer services is an important task, as it will reduce downtime of equipment under repair and the consumption of spare parts, reduce lead times and increase their volume.

The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of resource-saving methods of increasing the service life of bearing supports of washing and squeezing machines and technological equipment in the sphere of public utilities and consumer services. The authors carried out a detailed analysis of the technological and operational methods of increasing the service life of the bearing supports of washing-pressing machines and technological equipment of public utilities and consumer services based on the application of the metal-plating effect.

The relevance of the application and proper selection of technological and operational methods depending on the frictional interaction of friction pairs to increase the service life of friction units of machines and technological equipment of public utilities and consumer services is shown.

The analysis of technological and operational methods for increasing the service life of bearing supports of washing-pressing machines and technological equipment of public utilities and consumer services conducted in the article showed that the choice of a specific method should be carried out taking into account the conditions of friction interaction and modes of operation of friction pairs of bearing supports. The authors concluded that it is necessary to take into account the nature of the lubricant, the method of supplying lubricant to the friction zone, the presence of chemical interaction with chemically active media, therefore, the use of the above methods should be carried out in accordance with the relevant recommendations and instructions.
Prognosis and Management of BRAF V600E-Mutated Pregnancy-Associated Melanoma
Authors: Ziogas Dimitrios C. , Diamantopoulos Panagiotis , Benopoulou Olga , Anastasopoulou Amalia , Bafaloukos Dimitrios , Stratigos Alexander J. , Kirkwood John M. , Gogas Helen
Published: April 2020

Background

Approximately one third of women who develop melanoma at childbearing age are diagnosed during gestation or the postpartum period, facing pregnancy-associated melanoma (PAM). However, only some retrospective studies with heterogeneous data have analyzed the impact of pregnancy on melanoma development, and no evidence exists about the behavior and the management of BRAF-mutated disease.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

In order to better describe the evolution of BRAF V600E-mutated PAM, we present here all consecutive cases diagnosed in our site during the last 7 years, recording oncological, obstetrical, and perinatal parameters, as well as the therapeutic decisions for both melanoma and gestation. Based on our institutional experience, we weigh the current published evidence and discuss upcoming clinical considerations about the prognosis of PAM, the role of BRAF status, and the possible treatment options during pregnancy in localized or advanced/metastatic disease. Five women were diagnosed with newly metastatic or relapsed BRAF V600E-mutated PAM (four during gestation and one in the 1st year postpartum) between 2012 and 2019. All of them developed extensive metastatic disease with multiple organ involvement, and four developed brain metastases. All cases experienced melanoma progression in less than 6 months under targeted therapy and died soon independently of the followed sequence of treatments. All the neonates were delivered alive and healthy, but one developed melanoma earlier than the second year of life.

Results

Reviewing the literature to confirm our unfavorable outcomes, no specific data on BRAF-mutated PAM were retrieved and current evidence still supports that the prognosis of PAM should be guided by the established risk factors, whereas the management of advanced/metastatic PAM should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Conclusion

More data are required to ascertain whether BRAF-mutated profile adversely affects PAM outcome, although the clinicians should be aware to detect any potential melanoma lesion during pregnancy as soon as possible, treating it locally, regardless of its BRAF status.

Implications for Practice

The prognosis and management of pregnancy-associated melanoma whether BRAF-mutated or wild type, is currently guided by the same parameters as in the nonpregnant condition. In this special nontrial subpopulation, BRAF-mutated status seems to have a detrimental effect on disease outcome, independently of the following treatments. In early stage melanoma, wide local excision with or without sentinel lymph node dissection may be curative at any trimester of gestation, while in advanced/metastatic setting, therapeutic strategy including immune-checkpoint or BRAF/MEK inhibitors, is more challenging, regardless of BRAF status, and should be based on an individualized decision in each case at a multidisciplinary level.
The “Russian Hirsch”: Predictors of Citation Usage of Scholarly Works in the RSCI
Authors: Margolis Arkady , Ponomareva Viktoria , Sorokova Marina
Published: April 2020

The article investigates the predictors of citation rate in the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) for Russian publications in psychology. Four groups of indicators are analyzed: formal attributes of a publication (12 indicators), parameters of publication visibility on eLibrary (3 indicators) and PsyJournals (2 indicators) that define accessibility of publication to potential readers, and author-based citation parameters (3). Special attention is paid to citation parameters as qualitative characteristics of the author’s method of elaborating the scientific text and construing dialogue (in the form of citations) with other researchers. Relationship between the indicators analyzed and the RSCI citation rate is proven statistically using the multivariate statistical methods of factor analysis and cluster analysis. For each of the four groups, the strongest predictors of citation rate are identified by multiple regression analysis, which are then compared by their predictive power. It is shown that visibility (accessibility) indicators are the best predictors of citation rate, followed by formal publication attributes and, finally, citation type parameters as having the lowest predictive power. The method of logistic regression allows to identify the ultimate predictors of citation rate and measure their accuracy in predicting whether a publication is low- or highly cited, which is 77.3% and 72.9% for the indicators of visibility on PsyJournals and eLibrary (respectively), 69.9% for formal attributes, and 60.9% for citation parameters. A publication that has few in-text citations is very likely to have a low RSCI citation rate, yet a high number of in-text citations does not guarantee a high citation impact. Recommendations are provided for authors to increase their citation rates. The sample is represented by 662 publications in six Russian psychology journals, each indexed in the RSCI, Web of Science, and Scopus.
Q5® Site-Directed Mutagenesis (E0552) v3
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: April 2020

This protocol defines methods for the Q5® Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit without competent cells.
COVID-19 ARTIC v3 Illumina library construction and sequencing protocol v1
Authors: Pipelines R&D DNA , Rajan Diana , Dawson Emma , Shirley Lesley , Quail Michael , Park Naomi , F Bronner Iraad , Thurston Scott
Published: April 2020

This SOP describes the procedure for generating cDNA from SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid extracts and subsequently producing 400nt amplicons tiling the viral genome using V3 nCov-2019 primers (ARTIC). This is followed by library construction, equivolume pooling of samples and quantitation, prior to sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq. It is adapted from the nCov-2019 sequencing protocol which can be found here: https://www.protocols.io/view/ncov-2019-sequencing-protocol-bbmuik6w.