bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mezclas binarias de líquido iónico con solvente molecular: Predicción del volumen de exceso molar desde índices de refracción
Authors: Martínez Reina Marlon Doney , Amado González Eliseo
Published: June 2016

El volumen de exceso molar de 30 mezclas binarias que contienen líquidos iónicos de imidazolio con diferentes solventes moleculares: (metanol, etanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, acetona, 2- butanona, 2-pentanona, acetato de metilo, acetato de etilo, acetato de butilo, carbonato de dimetilo, carbonato de dietilo, nitrometano, 1,3-dicloropropano y etilenglicol),se predice desde datos de índice de refracción, usando tres tipos de métodos acoplados con diferentes reglas de mezcla para el cálculo del índice de refracción: Lorentz-Lorenz, Dale-Gladstone, Eykman, Arago- Biot, Newton y Oster. En estos sistemas, las interacciones moleculares y las fuerzas intermoleculares provocan, durante la mezcla, desviaciones positivas o negativas del comportamiento ideal. Los resultados obtenidos se analizan en términos de la naturaleza del líquido iónico y solvente molecular.
Responsible behaviour or business? Social responsibility (CSR) in sport management
Authors: Molnár G. , Ráthonyi-Ódor Kinga , Borbély A.
Published: June 2016

CSR has become increasingly important in today’s business world and managers must consider not only the economic results of their decisions but also the legal, ethical, moral, and social impact and repercussions of each of their decisions. Some multinational companies’ CSR activities even clearly represent applicability of CSR in sport management. The aim of this study was to do a critical comparative analysis, present the changes, alterations in the traditional company philosophy, objectsystem; then to define the concept of CSR, its importance in sport, finally to analyze some of the top 20 World Food & Beverage Companies’ (Coca-Cola, Danone, Nestle) CSR activities in sport management. Similarly to the whole economics – beside traditional theoretical tendencies, parallel to them and not developing them – a new kind of company theory concerning the long-term balance problems of the natural environment and society is being formed. Although the notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is prominent in some of the current discussions and investigations about the role of business in society, the concept – integrate social and environmental aspects in their business activity – is not new. According to the websites and sustainability reports of the international parent companies and domestic subsidiaries, we can say, that the companies show similarity at several points with regard to social responsibility within the field of sport management. However we must emphasize that we can find in the domestic practice fewer examples. In this case probably the media plays important role, which prefer the news of scandals such as CSR-related initiatives. In the public the companies’ CSR activities are even less known. Finally we can establish, that about the sport sponsorship the parent companies we have more information, their reports and websites are more transparency. In contracts, in the case of subsidiaries we can meet deficiencies.
Factors of success. Attitude differences of one Hungarian and one Serbian team’s youth handball players
Authors: Paic Róbert , Prisztóka Gyöngyvér , Kajos Attila
Published: June 2016

Results of the Hungarian and the Serbian handball teams are similar on the international level (IHF rankings: Serbia 4. Hungary 5. IHF-10.03.2012.), however the general supposition is that the Serbian handball players are more successful and more acknowledged. This is confirmed by numerous Serbian internationals that play at high level in Hungary and other European countries and the results of the youth national teams. In this article we were searching for the influential factors behind the success of the Serbian team. While there are no considerable differences in physical performance and anthropometric parameters so we assume the main differences are in their relation and stance to coach and to training. In our study we support an explanation for the reasons of the differences in the results between two nations youth handball players with an analysis of the attitude to the head coach and players relation to work and physical training. Our sample was chosen from one Serbian (Crvenka) and one Hungarian (Komló) youth team. The measurement was completed with a standard survey according to Hagger et al. (2007) Passes questionnaire. The results show that the Serbian youth players have better relations with their head coach and have better stance for work and training, which might be an explanation for their better success.
Sport sponsorship in Finland: the case study of FC JJK Jyväskylä
Authors: Szerovay Mihály
Published: June 2016

This paper seeks to analyse sport sponsorship in Finland via using the case study of Football Club JJK Jyväskylä from the Finnish Premier League. The results of a master’s thesis conducted on FC JJK fans’ sponsor awareness and sponsor orientation is presented. This research has provided implications to the management of the club, such as how to increase sponsorship efficiency, how to benefit from applying sponsorship alignment as well as relationship marketing. In order to successfully implement the study, an on­line survey, interviews, and participant observation was utilised. In addition, statistical data were obtained from the club. It has been concluded that JJK fans’ sponsor awareness and attitude stood at a low level, therefore JJK’s sponsorship strategy was advised to be reorganised. Conclusions from this paper might be beneficial for clubs from peripheral football countries, including those from Hungary as well. The size and level of Finnish and Hungarian football clubs are fairly similar and both countries can be considered as peripheral football countries at present.
Futsal for the blind: a new opportunity for Hungarian people with visual impairments to get engaged in physical activity
Authors: Gombás Judit
Published: June 2016

The proportion of Hungarian citizens involved in regular physical activity is extremely low and rates are even lower amongst people with disabilities. It is, however, undoubtedly easier to stimulate physical activity if a wide variety of different sports is accessible for them. Blind futsal was introduced by an NGO, Sports and Leisure Association for the Visually Impaired and it has been played in Hungary for only a year. The present work, by introducing this special sport through document analysis and semi-structured interviews, aims at calling sport professionals’ attention to the unexploited opportunities of adapting sports to blind people’s special needs. The author also wishes to highlight the power of a civil initiative and the inmense effort people with visual impairments themselves make for improving their own sporting opportunities.
Research on the natural features of karst water, on the example of some water intakes
Authors: Krivokapic Slobodanka , Devic Neda , Filipovic Stanka
Published: June 2016

The existence of safe and abundant raw water sources is a priceless treasure for any country. Water resources are of particular importance for Montenegro, especially for the development of tourism and agriculture which represent the backbone of its economic development. With respect to water potential, Montenegro is at the top of Europe. However, it is not a sufficient factor, but the very way it is used and protected, as well as the improvement of its valorization. Economic development which is not based on the conservation and good governance of natural resources may have negative consequences for the overall development. The aim of the paper is the study of natural properties of karst ground waters and their changes through interrelation of some ions, as indicators, on the example of five intakes in use. The paper presents the results of the research on the said waters and the values of indicators which point to their exceptional benefits for the water supply. However, the effects of the anthropogenic factor are evident, which are reflected in the range of the mole ratio of Ca /Mg ions ranging from 5.4 to 9.6, and the values (eqv.SO4/Cl) ranging from 0.3 to 2.0. Protection of the environment, especially preservation of the quality of water resources of Montenegro, imposes the urgency of implementation of the objectives of the Water Framework Directive.
The efficiency of porkers production of intensively and extensively feeded
Authors: Pepliński Benedykt , Wajszczuk Karol , Baum Rafał , Majchrzycki Dariusz , Wawrzynowicz Jacek , Lisiak Dariusz , Janiszewski Piotr
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the costs of production of intensively and extensively fed porkers in view of the qualitative parameters of meat obtained after slaughter. The production experiment, which involved the parallel fattening of 3 groups of 30 porkers (fed intensively up to a weight of about 120 kg and extensively up to weights of about 100 kg and 120 kg), was carried out between 2011 and 2012 in a deliberately selected farm. The researchers assumed average prices of the means of production and prices of livestock pigs in individual meatiness classes noted in Poland in 2012. The fattening started when the animals weighed about 40 kg. The feeds used for extensive fattening contained less total protein, energy and basic exogenous amino acids, but more raw fibre. The analysis proved that the extensive production of porkers up to 100 kg in 2012 was not profitable. The most profitable production was the intensive production up to 120 kg (a profit of €0.100 per kg, whereas in the extensive feeding up to 120 kg the profit was €0.072 per kg. The porkers which were fed less intensively had a higher slaughter value, thinner fatback, higher dressing percentage and smaller content of fatback in the half-carcase, whereas their meat contained more water and less protein, fat and ash than the meat from the group of porkers fed with the mix richer in protein and energy.
The competitiveness of rural areas in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Sitdikova Landysh , Heijman Wim , Van Ophem Johan
Published: June 2016

This paper analyses the main factors influencing the regional competitiveness of rural areas in the Tatarstan Republic. Firstly, 19 variables related to the socio-economic situation in the Tatarstan Republic were analysed, these having been taken from the Statistics Committee of the Tatarstan Republic. Principal component analysis (PCA) was then used to determine the weights of 10 indicators that have an effect on the level of regional competitiveness. Factor weights are used as weights in the summation of the standardised scores of variables that have an impact on competitiveness. The major factors influencing the level of regional competitiveness are the level of economically active population, investment in housing and the level of education. The following results were obtained: one of the 44 regions is very highly competitive and two are highly competitive; two of 44 regions have a medium level of competitiveness and 39 regions have a low level of competitiveness.
Arguments for the optimisation of using biomass for energy production
Authors: Takács István , Takács-György Katalin
Published: June 2016

Using biomass to produce energy is not a new idea. In the past, the by-products of energy(?) production processes or naturally grown materials were mainly used for energy production. At the same time, during the production of biomass the conventional sources of energy are used (fuels, the embodied energy of which is used in the production of the biomass and equipment, etc.) which must be taken into account when determining the net energy production. This research aims to examine how to optimise the production and use of biomass energy and its supply chain in the energetic and economic criteria system, as well as how to impact upon the managing models of the processes to the energetic and economic parameters of the supply chain; we ask what criteria characterise the natural (environmental), economic and social sustainability, and how they can be implemented e.g. within the framework of an innovation cluster. This article describes a test model, and analyses the results of the model examinations and the conditions for compliance with sustainability criteria. Arguing the environmental, economic and social sustainability among the criteria of the model for evaluation is not possible at all times by means of direct indicators. The results of the research proved that only multi-criteria optimisation models serve a proper decision-making instrument for the evaluation of biomass utilisation for energy production.
European cycle tourism: a tool for sustainable regional rural development
Authors: Piket Pieter , Eijgelaar Eke , Peeters Paul
Published: June 2016

We present an economic impacts model based on direct expenditures for European cycle routes, originally designed in 2009 as part of a study commissioned by the European Parliament. At its request, the study was updated in 2012, including a refined version of our model which takes some limitations of the former model into account. Our main findings are that cycle tourists’ daily spending is comparable to that of other tourists, and that cycle tourism can contribute significantly in particular to rural economies that have not previously enjoyed mainstream tourism development. (European) cycle tourism thus proves to be useful as an (additional) tool for regional rural development. We arrived at a total estimated direct expenditures in Europe of almost €44 billion (€35 billion from day trips and €8.94 billion from overnight trips). We applied the model to the routes of EuroVelo, the European cycle route network which is currently being developed, showing their considerable economic potential of over €7 billion in direct expenditures. Furthermore, cycle tourism has a far lower negative impact on the environment (in terms of carbon dioxide emissions) than other forms of tourism. Cycle tourism is therefore a good example of a low carbon tourism product which could be developed as a major slow travel opportunity across (rural) Europe.
Spatial urban plans as a basis for agribusiness development
Authors: Čizmović Mirjana , Kovačević Milica
Published: June 2016

The main goals of the spatial development of rural areas are to protect and prevent degradation of agricultural land, forests and protected areas, as well as to encourage (more) balanced territorial development. Given that the quality and development of agriculture largely depend on the level of consciousness and awareness of the population in rural areas as to the opportunities and benefits of their involvement in the adoption and approval of planning solutions, the aim of this paper is to define a communication strategy to help raise the awareness of the focus groups (landowners, farmers and investors) of the importance of and link between spatial planning and development of agribusiness and rural areas, exploring different techniques and methods of using various communication channels. The methods which will be used in the paper include secondary research, SWOT analysis, and trend and historical analysis. The research results show that it is essential from the very beginning to take the views of various stakeholders into account through frequent thematic dialogues, in order to incorporate a consensus which has been reached together with the expert team of the developer, into planning decisions. Only such an approach can lead to sustainable and enforceable plans as prerequisites for the realisation of realistically planned investment in rural areas. Furthermore, it is very important to legally standardise such an approach so that public participation, as a mandatory legal procedure, can be defined through precisely defined steps and established performance indicators from the very beginning of the process of adopting planning documents.
The labour market position of people with disabilities and with a reduced work capacity after the change of regime
Authors: Balázs-Földi Emese
Published: June 2016

The study aims at exploring, based on an overview of the professional literature, the economic, social and employment policy situation which characterised the period from the change of regime to 10 years thereafter and concerned people with disabilities and with a reduced work capacity, as well as, the institutions and instruments influencing the related labour market demand and supply. It discusses those initiatives too which aim at increasing the economic activities of the related disadvantaged group. The topicality of the study comes from the fact that in the past few years the government has put a number of stricter legislation into force to strengthen the labour market position of people with disabilities and with a reduced work capacity in Hungary. Notwithstanding, the affected group still has low economic activity. In its background there is partially the economic-social situation and approach which characterised the transition period, as well as, the weak efficiency of the rehabilitation system, which was forming that time.
Hungarian spirits pálinka as a “Hungaricum” I. Literature review and practical approaches
Authors: Harcsa Imre Milán , Nábrádi András , Tar Ildikó
Published: June 2016

The history of alcoholic distillation dates back over thousands of years. Spirits arrived in Hungary by the mediation of foreign countries, and were used as medicine in the royal court already in the XIV. Century. The first written presence of the pálinka as a word originated in Debrecen (1572). The quality and alcohol degree of these drinks were increased continuously, and rose to ’Hungaricum’ rank due to several factors such as the quality of the fruit stock grown in our country, the technical development of distillers and several centuryold professional experience. Mitterpacher, who distinguished the main parts of the equipment, reviewed the determination methods of alcohol content, and made a proposal for coating the inner surface of the cauldron with tin in favour of the preparation of the high quality product, played an important role in the establishment of the literature of pálinka distillation. Subcontract distillation, considered as an individual peculiarity in the European Union, developed during a long time in Hungary. It was facilitated by the regulation of distillery plants allowing the operation also for private persons from 1983. The fame of Hungarian national drink increased greatly when the meaning of pálinka was defined punctually: those drinks could be called ’pálinka’, which had 100% fruit content containing no additives, prepared in Hungary and their alcohol content was at least 37.5%. According to conservative evaluation, more than 50% of the Hungarian adult population consumes pálinka occasionally. The majority of the adult population believes that a small amount of pálinka is good for health; many people use it for the alleviation of toothache, sore throat and stomachache. Pálinka has a mood-enhancing impact at social parties and pleasant family events, if consumed in moderation. This paper is an overview of the history of Hungarian pálinka. This is the first part of the article. In the second part we analyze cost-benefit circumstances, and we also deal with the main problematic issue, namely the effect of tax-free production in Hungary and in the European Union.
Economic, practical impacts of precision farming – with especial regard to harvesting
Authors: Szolnoki Ágnes , Nábrádi András
Published: June 2016

Today agricultural practice is faced with a paradigm shift. In terms of natural resources, the World’s growing population calls for rational management and environment-conscious behaviour. Precision farming may provide a solution for the above mentioned criteria and problems. It has an array of technological equipment, elements and complete systems which are in themselves suitable to create conditions for efficient farming, to reduce environmental load and to provide farmers with optimal return on their investment. Agricultural production has started to focus mainly on efficient crop production and machine operation. Due to this trend, machinery exploitation emerges as a secondary priority for agricultural enterprises. The underlying reason behind this shift is primarily the rise of machinery operation costs. Efficient machinery operation can provide farmers with a solution to reduce their expenditure and through better logistical organization they can obtain extra returns. On the leading edge of my research is to introduce, quantitatively underpin and to justify the application of precision technologies. Our fundamental research methods rely on scenarios and economic calculations.
Dairy farms efficiency analysis before the quota system abolishment
Authors: Kovács Krisztián
Published: June 2016

The abolishment of the dairy quota system in the EU is expected to increase competition across dairy farms in Europe. Assuming a common price for milk in the EU, only the most efficient farms will survive in the new environment. The main objective of the research is to compare dairy farms in Germany, The Netherlands and Hungary about their technical efficiency. In the first part of the research, the efficiency is measured by partial efficiency indexes using one dimensional efficiency measuring. In the second part, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) have to be used to measure efficiency in a multidimensional space, using six inputs and two outputs. It appears from the results that the highest efficiency farms are in the Netherlands, and then Germany and Hungary follow thus, we get that the most efficient farms are in the Netherlands with 84% efficient. The German farms are 76% efficient. The Hungarian farms are 68% efficient. With respect the abolishment of the dairy quota system, our results suggest that the Dutch farms are the most efficient, thus probably they will increase their production after the quota system. But because the size of the country we cannot expect dramatic changes in the European Dairy market. The Germans farms efficiency is lower, but their efficiency is also lower, so we won’t expect high increase about the dairy supply. The Hungarian dairy sector is not so efficient like the Dutch, and the size of the sector has also small among the European countries, thus if they want to survive the quota system demolishing, they have to increase their technical efficiency.
A comparative analysis of the profitability of pineapple-mango blend and pineapple fruit juice processing in Ghana
Authors: Asante Michael K. , Kuwornu John K. M.
Published: June 2016

This study analyzes the profitability of fruit juice processing using data from Kudors Fruit Juice Limited at Kasoa in Ghana. The cost involved in fruit juice processing (which includes the capital cost and the operating cost) was obtained from the Company. This study compares the profitability of blend (i.e. fruit juice made up of pineapple and mango blend) with that of pineapple juice alone. The viability of the project was determined using the discounted measures of project worth: Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The empirical results reveal that pineapple juice processing had a BCR of 1.03 which means that going into the pineapple juice processing is profitable. The value of the NPV (GHS11,728.00) and IRR (23%) further confirms that pineapple juice processing is profitable because the NPV is positive and the IRR is greater than the discounted factor (21%). The results also showed that it is more profitable to invest in the blend (pineapple and mango blend) than the pineapple juice alone as it yields a BCR of 1.36 which was greater than the BCR of 1.03 for the pineapple juice only. Furthermore, the value of the NPV (GHS176,831.00) which is greater than the pineapple juice only, suggests that the blend is more profitable even though the IRR for both are the same. Moreover, it is also more likely to recover capital investment earlier in the processing of the blend than when one goes into pineapple juice processing only, because the net cash flow in year 2 (GHS 58,146.00) for the blend is more than triple that of the pineapple juice only (GHS17,826.00).These results have policy implications for the development of Agribusinesses in Ghana.
The characteristics of consumer attitudes in the food market in Hungary
Authors: Soós Mihály , Szabó Sára , Szakály Zoltán
Published: June 2016

The objective of our research was to examine the health status and health behaviour of the Hungarian population in relation of food consumption by identifying relationships between the underlying factors. In our research we used the objective factors from secondary data concerning nutritional status and body image as a framework for the interpretation of the examined relationship of eating attitudes and body attitudes. We chose survey as our test method, it was carried out on a national representative sample of 1000 people. After the examination of the factor structure of the two attitude measuring questionnaire, five consumer groups have been identified by the cluster analysis. The five clusters are: Uncontrolled Impulse Eaters, Dissatisfied Tense, Uninterested, Overweight Impulse Eaters and Conscious Consumers. This segmentation based on eating attitudes and body attitudes could serve as a guidance for health marketing experts and the manufacturers of health protective food to determine and address their target group.
LA FUNCIÓN DE LA EVALUACIÓN EN LAS POLÍTICAS NEOLIBERALES DEL SISTEMA ESCOLAR CHILENO
Authors: Castillo Dante
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo tiene por finalidad abordar, de manera crítica, la implementación de los sistemas de evaluación en Chile. También se analiza el impacto de la evaluación en las representaciones y prácticas del sistema escolar. De la misma manera, el artículo se refiere a la forma en que dichos sistemas de evaluación contribuyen a reformar la política privatizadora que ha caracterizado a este país en las últimas décadas. Al mismo tiempo se describe como la evaluación también contribuye a legitimar las políticas de asignación de recursos acentuando las desigualdades existentes. Junto a lo anterior, también subyace una crítica a la función que han desempeñado los intelectuales y gestores de políticas públicas. Se advierte sobre la forma en que estos actores han actuado bajo el paradigma neoliberal y el funcionalismo-positivismo en sus diversas expresiones, desde las posturas más radicales (economicistas) hasta otras de carácter moderado (cuyo discurso se confunde con los detractores). El artículo finaliza señalando que a corto y mediano plazo Chile no abandonará la gestión por resultados. El Ministerio de Educación mantendrá su rol de agente administrador de la educación desde la distancia. Mientras que sus planes y programas continuarán diseñándose a partir de las evaluaciones que realizan las agencias internacionales, principalmente la OCDE y los centros de investigación nacionales afines al modelo de mercado.
New trends on yeast autolysis and wine ageing on lees: a bibliographic review
Authors: Fornairon-Bonnefond Caroline , Camarasa Carole , Moutounet Michel , Salmon Jean-Michel
Published: June 2016

In enology, «grands crus» white wines are traditionally aged by the «sur lies» method, which consists of keeping the aging wine in contact with the lees (yeasts and organic residues). The lees can come either from the first or second fermentation and can be used for both white and red wines. This practice is still in the experimental stage. We reviewed scientific studies carried out on wine lees to determine the current situation in enology. We also provide some technological information relevant to such a practice.

The first part of this paper provides a clear definition of wine lees from a legal and technological point of view. The second part describes the mechanisms of autolysis and focuses on each class of autolysis product. Many scientific studies have discussed the phenomenon of yeast autolysis during wine ageing. Most of these studies simply identified the yeast macromolecules released into the wine during autolysis. However, the experimental methods used vary and it is difficult to extrapolate most of results to the process of wine ageing on lees. Only a few studies have dealt with the physicochemical properties of lees during autolysis, especially concerning oxygen, polyphenols and other wine compounds. We then summarize the recent data obtained on these topics. Finally, we discuss the technical effects of aging wine on lees.
Nitrogen metabolism in a grapevine in vitro system
Authors: Llorens Nuria , Arola Lluís , Bladé Cinta , Mas Albert
Published: June 2016

Ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, protein and individual and total amino acid contents were determined in grapevine (cv Sauvignon) cultured in vitro. The enzyme activities of nitrate and nitrite reductases, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthetase and dehydrogenase were also determined. The nitrogen taken up by the plants was 70% of the total nitrogen in the medium after 75 days of in vitro culture. Most of the nitrogen taken up was recovered in the leaves, yet only ammonia and amino acid concentrations were significantly higher in leaves. In roots, glutamine was the most abundant amino acid. In leaves, the most abundant amino acids were aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, alanine, arginine and g-aminobutirate. All enzyme activities were higher in roots than in leaves. These results suggest that both roots and leaves incorporate inorganic nitrogen into organic forms.
Aroma compounds of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Emir grown in central Anatolia
Authors: Cabaroglu Turgut , Canbas Ahmet , Günata Ziya
Published: June 2016

Free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds of Emir grape juice obtained with or without skincontact were investigated. The aroma compounds were isolated by adsorbtion on Amberlite XAD-2 resin and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 32 free and 37 glycosidically bound compounds were identified. - Shikimate - derived compounds were major components. C13-norisoprenoid compounds usually detected in bound forms in grapes were also present in free forms in Emir grape. Monoterpenes were in lower levels that normally found in floral grape cultivars. The amounts of free and bound aroma compounds of the juice increased by skin-contact treatment. The levels of some compounds were significantly different in control and skin-contact jices. Additionally, skin-contact treatment resulted in an increase in pH, colour intensity, total phenolics, potassium, sodium and calcium.
Effect of altitude on the wine-making potential of Listán negro and Ruby Cabernet cultivars in the south of Tenerife island
Authors: Miguel-Tabares José A. , Martín-Luis Beatriz , Carrillo-López Marta , Díaz-Díaz Eugenio , Darias-Martín Jacinto
Published: June 2016

In the south of the island of Tenerife (Valle de Güimar), a study was made of the composition of the grape and fundamentally in colour potential during the ripening of the red varieties Listán negro and Ruby Cabernet in two vineyards located at different heights above sea level. The conventional ripening parameters and total and extractable anthocyanin content have been determined in order to estimate all the main characteristic phenolic. Significant differences were detected between the varieties, along with a clear influence of vineyard altitude on accumulation of colour and phenolic substances in the grapes.
Simultaneous assay of Chlorophenols and Chloroanisoles in wines and corks or cork-based stoppers. Application in determining the origin of pollution in bottled wines
Authors: Chatonnet Pascal , Labadie Dominique , Boutou Stéphane
Published: June 2016

The contamination of wines and, more rarely, of brandies by corks or cork-based stoppers used as bottles closures has been a recurring issue for many years. The relative frequency of this type of spoilage, characterized by the distinctive, unpleasant odor of «moldy cork taint», has led to a considerable body of research on this subject. In wine, 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), produced by the methylation of its direct precursor, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), has clearly been identified as the main compound responsible for the "moldy off-flavors" produced by defective corks. In this study, we present a method for assaying the main chloroanisoles and chlorophenols identified as potential contaminants in wines and corks or cork-based stoppers (2,4,6-trichloroanisole and -phenol, 2,3,4,6- tetrachloroansiole and -phenol, pentachloroanisole and -phenol). An extraction method using dichloromethane for cork and a dichloromethane/-pentane mixture for wine isolates almost the entire quantity of organochlorine contaminants from these matrices. The chloroanisoles and precursors are identified simultaneously by gas-phase chromatography coupled with electron impact mass spectrometry with selective ion monitoring. This method provides an accurate analysis of the contamination with a view to establishing the type and origin of the "musty, moldy, corky" characteristics in bottled wines by studying the migration of contaminants from the stoppers into the contents of the bottles. This method for the simultaneous assay of chlorophenols and chloroanisoles was defined in compliance with the following standards: NF ISO 5725-1/2, NF V 03110 (AFNOR), and MA-F-AS1-06-PROVAL (OIV). The method is specific, accurate, linear, repeatable, and has been validated. The detection and quantification ranges are compatible with the sensitivity requirements for this type of contaminant.
Use of DMACA to visualise flavan-3-ols in grape berry skins (Vitis vinifera L., CV Cabernet Franc)
Authors: Chevalier Michel , Perrochon Emilie , Tellier Marie , Barbeau Gérard
Published: June 2016

Phenolic compounds are of great importance in Enology. They play a major role in the elaboration of red wines and during wine preservation, and contribute greatly to their organoleptic properties. Among them, flavonoïds constitute the major group present in berry skins. Their histological study is based classically on the use of Toluidine blue O as a staining agent, which is not specific of any type of phenolics. The use of DMACA (p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde), which is specific of tannins (flavan-3-ols), permitted to precise the localisation of these compounds without any risk of error ; it allowed also for the visualisation of tannins, stuck to the tonoplast, which had not been identified with Toluidine blue O.
Enological suitability of a yeast strain indigenous to Castilla-La Mancha for red wine production
Authors: Izquierdo Pedro Miguel , García Esteban , Palacios Antonio Tomás , Chacón Juan Luis , Martínez Jesús
Published: June 2016

The suitability of an indigenous yeast strain, selected in Castilla-La Mancha by the Instituto de la Vid y el Vino de Castilla-La Mancha (IVICAM), both from a microbiological and an enological point of view wes studied in order to evaluate its potential use as starter of the alcoholic fermentation for red wine production.

Several grape musts of the varieties Cencibel and Garnacha were inoculated with the selected strain (L6) and it was proven that this strain was capable of dominating other yeasts, being thus responsible for the fermentative process. As for the aroma composition, a lower content of volatile phenols was identified in the wines produced by the selected strain, compared to the wine produced by the indigenous strain. Moreover, a panel of tasters positively scored the wines produced by the selected strain. Finally, it was proven that the L6 strain is genetically stable under different stress conditions.
Volcanic soils composition impact on the major mineral elements content of grapes and wines
Authors: Ribeiro de Lima María Teresa , Cabanis Marie-Thérèse , Cassanas Geneviève , Matos Lurdes , Pinheiro Jorge , Cabanis Jean-Claude , Blaise Alain
Published: June 2016

The analysis of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium was carried out in soils, grapes and wines of wine regions of the Azores in order to obtain a mineral profile of the principal major elements. It would be of interest to achieve a profile of these minerals, according to the climate, to the position of the Islands and to their volcanic soils. Determinations were carried out by atomic absorption in flame. A statistical analysis of the findings was performed. This study establishes the diversity of wine regions in the Azores. As a whole, the amounts in the wines are in the european average.
About wild vine plants
Authors: Bisson Jean
Published: June 2016

Former frequent wild vines, in France, until the end of the 19th century are rare today, because of phylloxera and parasitic fungi appearances in Europe. Yet, ultimate plants of this keep genetic and phylogenic interest.

A modest author’s experience on this subject is recorded.

A more precise climatic natural conditions of their old expansion in France is proposed.

Some botanic stamples discovered in Nantes Museum dated from 1846 demonstrate the presence of wild vines above the PLANCHON (1887) limit and show natural vegetation possibilities more to the north than the maximum line given by this author.

Some wild plants still present in some islands of the Loire river are probably to day inter specific hybrids descendants.
Effects of the leaf /fruit ratio during a year N on the bud fertility in the year N+2: results for Pinot noir and Gewurztraminer grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in the greenhouse
Authors: Duchêne Eric , Jaegli Nathalie , Salber R.
Published: June 2016

Plants of Pinot noir and Gewurztraminer were monitored in 2002 after defoliation (R-)/ grape removal (R+) treatments at the veraison stage in 2000. Growth capacities between the treatments were equivalent in 2002. The number of inflorescences per shoot was reduced for the R- treatment only for the Pinot noir. Whereas the number of berries per cluster was reduced in the R- treatment for both varieties, a compensation occured on the number of seeds per berry and on the mean weight per berry for the Gewurztraminer. The final weight of berries per plant was reduced in the R- treatment only for the Pinot noir. The reactions of the two varieties in 2001 and 2002 after 2000 treatments are discussed.
HPLC determination on agmatine and other amines in wine
Authors: Galgano Fernanda , Caruso Marisa , Favati Fabio , Romano Patrizia
Published: June 2016

An optimised HPLC analysis is described for the determination by dansylation of the following 11 biogenic amines in wine: agmatine, cadaverine, ethanolamine, histamine, methylamine, 2-phenylethylamine, spermine, spermidine, putrescine, tryptamine and tyramine. Seven amines were found in red and white wines produced in Southern Italy, being present at levels ranging from not detectable to 10.97 mg/L. The most abundant amine resulted ethanolamine, while the polyamine present at the highest concentration was agmatine with maximum levels of 9.92 mg/L. Total biogenic amines content was higher in the red wines.
The experience of corpus-subjected historical-cultural studies of historical and political vocabulary
Authors: Zakharov V. P. , Masevich A. Ts.
Published: June 2016

The article represents results of diachronic studying the historical and political vocabulary with Google System Books Ngram Viewer. The authors investigate changes in use frequency of political figures names during 1920-2000. The study results demonstrate the relationship between changes in the frequency use of names in printed documents texts with historical events and political traditions of different countries. Some limitations of the system were also considered.
«Polonica» at the European books collection of the Siberian academic library
Authors: Ilyushechkina T. N.
Published: June 2016

The article reviews books of the Polish origin existing in the collection of the European old printed editions of the XV - early XX centuries of the Department of rare books and manuscripts of the State Public Scientific-Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The attention is paid to peculiar features of editions and provenances of revealed copies.
On-line piracy and the modern book publishing system of Russia
Authors: Tsykina E. V.
Published: June 2016

The article presents the general state characteristics of the illegal electronic content market. Particular attention is paid to the terminological analysis of concept «piracy». It marks problems of electronic book publishing and statistics development; examines the views evolution of publishing communities and authorities in relation to this phenomenon. The author reveals some aspects of interacting publishers and pirates.
Influence of Household Environment and Maternal Behaviors to Upper Respiratory Infection among Toddlers
Authors: Fahdiyani Reny , Raksanagara Ardini S , Sukandar Hadyana
Published: June 2016

Upper respiratory infection (URI) in developing countries causes high morbidity among toddlers. Indonesia Health Ministry reported that non-pneumonia acute respiratory infection (ARI) increased by 2.6% from 2007 to 2011. Risk factors which may contribute to URI include environment and behavior. This study aimed to investigate environmental and behavioral factors with URI among toddlers. This case control study was conducted on February – April 2015 among toddlers in Tamansari that is a slum area in Bandung City. Case was 55 mothers with toddlers suffering from URI who came to primary health care, meanwhile control was twice bigger than cases selected from the environment and matched for age, sex and nutritional status. Environmental factors were density, humidity, ventilation, temperature and smoke disposal. Meanwhile, behavioral factors were hand-washing, mother’s smoking behavior, the use of mask, vitamin A consumption and exclusive breastfeeding. Results of study showed that environmental factor related to URI was only density with p value = 0.021 and OR = 2.843 (CI 95% = 1.168 – 6.920). None of maternal behavior factor was related to URI. Reducing density is an important and challenging issue in slum area, same as similary health promotion and prevention concerning URI are still necessary to reduce the risk of this disease among toddlers in urban slum area. Pengaruh Lingkungan Rumah Tangga dan Perilaku Ibu terhadap KejadianInfeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut Atas pada Anak Bawah Lima TahunInfeksi saluran pernapasan akut atas (ISPA atas) di negara berkembang menyebabkan morbiditas tinggi pada anak bawah usia lima tahun (balita). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia melaporkan bahwa ISPAnonpneumonia meningkat 2,6% dari tahun 2007 ke 2011. Faktor risiko yang dapat berkontribusi termasuk lingkungan dan perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki faktor perilaku dan lingkungan dengan ISPA atas pada balita. Studi kasus kontrol ini dilakukan dari Februari-April 2015 pada balita di Tamansari yang merupakan daerah kumuh di Kota Bandung. Kasus adalah 55 ibu dengan balita menderita ISPA atas yang datang ke puskesmas, sedangkan kontrol dua kali lebih besar dari kasus dipilih dari lingkungan dan cocok untuk usia, jenis kelamin, dan status gizi. Faktor lingkungan adalah kepadatan, kelembaban, ventilasi, suhu, dan pembuangan asap. Sedangkan perilaku adalah mencuci tangan, perilaku merokok ibu, pemakaian masker, konsumsi vitamin Adan ASI eksklusif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor lingkungan yang berkaitan dengan ISPA atas hanya kepadatan dengan nilai p = 0,021 dan OR = 2,843 (CI 95%: 1,168 – 6,920). Tidak terdapat faktor perilaku ibu yang berhubungan dengan ISPA atas. Pengurangan kepadatan merupakan masalah penting dan menantang di daerah kumuh, sama halnya dengan promosi kesehatan dan pencegahan tentang ISPA atas masih penting untuk mengurangi risiko penyakit ini pada balita di daerah kumuh perkotaan.
Cadmium Contamination in Farmland Soil and Water Near Zinc Mining Site
Authors: Jiraungkoorskul Kanitta , Arphorn Sara , Tipayamongholgul Mathuros , Siriwong Wattasit
Published: June 2016

This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Phatadpadaeng Subdistrict, Mae Sod District, Tak Province, Thailand. This study aimed to determine cadmium concentration in farmland soil and water as well as at the residence of farmers and households. As many as 48 samples of farmers’ residence soil and water, twelve samples of households and six samples of farmland soil and eight samples of farmland water were investigated for cadmium concentration using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the analysis of the difference of cadmium concentration between farmland soil and residence soil, farmland water and residence water. The results showed no statistically difference among all matrixes, however, farmland soil and farmland water showed highest concentration compared to those of resident farmers and households. The cadmium concentrations in all samples were far below the limit values. This study clearly showed that working conditions of farmers demonstrated higher level of cadmium compared to the living conditions. The cause of this contamination might be from the activities of the surroundings industry. Therefore, it would be recommended that farmers should consider for cadmium exposure while working in farm.Pencemaran Kadmium pada Air dan Tanah Pertanian Dekat LokasiPertambangan ZinkPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan diKecamatan Phatadpaeng, Kota Mae Sod, Provinsi Tak, Thailand. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi kadmium pada air dan tanah pertanian serta pada pemukiman petani dan rumah tangga. Konsentrasi kadmium pada 48 sampel tanah dan air pemukiman petani, 12 sampel rumah tangga, enam sampel tanah pertanian, dan delapan sampel air pertanian ditelusuri menggunakan Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Uji Mann-Whitney U digunakan untuk analisis perbedaan konsentrasi kadmium antara tanah pertanian dan tanah pemukiman, air pertanian dan air pemukiman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan secara statistik pada seluruh matriks, namun air dan tanah pertanian menunjukkan konsentrasi tertinggi dibandingkan pemukiman petani dan rumah tangga. Konsentrasi kadmium pada seluruh sampel jauh di bawah nilai batas. Penelitian ini secara jelas memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi tempat bekerja menunjukkan level kadmium yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kondisi tempat tinggal. Penyebab pencemaran ini dapat berasal dari aktivitas di sekitar industri. Oleh karena itu, petani sebaiknya mempertimbangkan pajanan kadmium saat bekerja.