bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical survey and conservation of the indigenous plants used for traditional orthopedic care practices in Bayelsa Central Senatorial District, Nigeria
Authors: OLATOKUNBO HINMIKAIYE S. , OLANIPEKUN MARY K. , MICHAEL OBEMBE O.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Olatokunbo HS, Olanipekun MK, Michael OO. 2022. Ethnobotanical survey and conservation of the indigenous plants used for traditional orthopedic care practices in Bayelsa Central Senatorial District, Nigeria. Asian J Ethnobiol 5: 130-137. The practices of the trado-orthopedic system of healing in all forms among indigenous healers are extensively linked to plant resources. We investigated the plant species exploited among folks involved in traditional orthopedic care services in Bayelsa Central Senatorial District, Nigeria. The district was delineated into three Local Government Areas (LGAs). Information on the plant species used for traditional orthopedic services was fetched by an open-ended conversation with 150 respondents across 15 communities in the LGAs. The respondents are mostly women, 117 (78%), while 33 (22%) are men. The adults 60 (52.67%) years and above showed more interest in using traditional medicine than the younger ones. The young people considered traditional medicine superstitious and used by uneducated or poor people. Thirty-nine (39) plant species in thirty (30) different families were accessed as species used for bone healing in the area. Thirty-two (82%) species of the plants were found on the scale of abundance, while seven of the species (18%) accessed were rare in occurrence. The plants were used as food, timber, and medicine; the highest citations occurred in Malvaceae and Amaranthaceae families, with three species each. Different sections of the plants were exploited for treatment options ranging from bone hardening to pain reliever, fester prevention and swelling, to pushing dislocated bones back in position. Physical examinations and oral interviews are major tools among TOCPs in the diagnostic test to ascertain the level of casualty such as deformity, the inability of the limb to act, and shortened limb, among others. Also, the extraction pattern, which was either predatory or annihilative, was noted. Given the preceding, plants for sustainable use of the species were proposed. Moreover, we recommended that further research into the efficacy and safety use of the species in treating fracture and bone-related ailments are taken on.
Relationship between physicochemical parameters and the abundance of zooplankton in Lake Mweru-Wantipa, Zambia
Authors: ANAMUNDA AONGOLA , LAMTANE HIEROMIN A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Anamunda A, Lamtane HA. 2022. Relationship between physicochemical parameters and the abundance of zooplankton in Lake Mweru-Wantipa, Zambia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 12: 33-40. This study aimed to assess the abundance of zooplankton and their relationship with physicochemical parameters within Lake Mweru-Wantipa, Zambia. A National Park borders the lake on one side and settlements on the other, so four sampling stations were selected, two on each side of the lake. Five physicochemical parameters, including temperature, turbidity, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen, were measured monthly using portable instruments concurrently with a collection of duplet zooplankton samples at each sampling point at depths between 0.1m and 0.5m. All physicochemical parameters were significantly different between the two sites (p<0.05) apart from temperature and pH. A total of 13 genera of zooplankton were identified, belonging to four groups, namely, rotifers, cladoceran, copepods, and ostracods. The cladoceran had the highest number of species (6), followed by copepods (4) in both sites. However, the copepods had the largest contribution in abundance in both sites. The diversity was high in settlement areas, but the National Park had higher species richness. There was a significant difference in species diversity between the two sites (t=3.96; p=0.001). The most abundant group was the cyclopoid on both sides of the lake, followed by the Moina on the settlement site and the Daphnia sp. on the National Park site. The densities of Molina, Simocephalus, Ceriodaphinia, and Cypris were significantly different between the two sites (p<0.05). Except for copepods, all groups were significantly different between the two sites (p<0.05). Generally, the total zooplankton density was not significantly different between the two sites (t=0.73; p=0.06). The results showed that the zooplankton abundance was influenced by turbidity in settlement areas and pH in National park areas.
The toxicity of Annona squamosa seeds and Anacardium occidentale seed shells from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, against cabbage caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana)
Authors: NENOTEK PETRONELLA S. , LONDINGKENE JESAYAS A. , LUDJI RIKA , HARINI TITIK S. , KAPA MAX JUNUS , NGURU ELIAS S. O. , ROEFAIDA EFFY , KONANIN MELIANA
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Nenotek PS, Londingkene JA, Ludji R, Harini TS, Kapa MJ, Nguru ESO, Roefaida E, Konanin M. 2022. The toxicity of Annona squamosa seeds and Anacardium occidentale seed shell from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, against cabbage caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana). Intl J Trop Drylands 6: 39-44. The study objective was to determine the effect of methanol extracts of Annona squamosa L. seeds and seed coat of Anacardium occidentale L. from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia on the Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabricius, 1794), cabbage caterpillar. Bioassay was done using with a residue method in feed for one minute at each concentration of A. squamosa seed extract (0.01%; 0.03%; 0.06%; 0.125%; 0.25%; and control) and extract A. occidentale (0.06%; 0.125%; 0.25%; 0.5%; 1%; and control). The results showed that the methanol extract of A. squamosa seeds was more toxic to C. pavonana larvae compared to the methanol extract of A. occidentale. The LC50 and LC95 values of A. squamosa seed extract against the tested insects were 0.04% and 0.16%.
Physicochemical and organoleptic properties of gebang (Corypha utan) starch-based analogous rice with dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus) flour supplementation
Authors: LALEL HERIANUS J. D. , MAHAYASA I NYOMAN W. , MUKKUN LINCE , ABIDIN ZAINAL , ATA ANITA R. B.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Lalel HJD, Mahayasa INW, Mukkun L, Abidin Z, Ata ARB. 2022. Physicochemical and organoleptic properties of gebang (Corypha utan) starch-based analogous rice with dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus) flour supplementation. Intl J Trop Drylands 6: 45-49. This study underpins the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of analogous rice made from gebang (Corypha utan Lamk) starch (GS) in combination with dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L.) flour (DB). There are five combinations of the flours, i.e., (A) 100% GS, (B) 95% GS + 5% DB, (C) 90% GS + 10% DB, (D) 85% GS +15% DB, and (E) 80% GS + 20% DB. The rice was processed using an extruder. The results showed that GB supplementation increased the content of protein as well as the total ash of the analogous rice. Most of the rice has a yellowish-brown to brown color. The rice thickness ranged from 2.6 mm to 4.3 mm, while the rice length ranged from 6.5 mm to 7.0 mm. The rice's length-to-thickness ratio ranged from 1.64 to 2.47. The weight of 1000 kernels of analogous rice ranged from 17.34 g to 34.17 g, whereas the bulk density ranged from 0.46 to 0.50 g/mL. The kernels of analogous rice A, C, D, and E mostly (52-70%) had 2.4-3.3 mm thick, while 88% of Analogous rice B had 3.4-4.7 mm thick. Cooking could double the size (volume) of all analogous rice. The organoleptic test of the analogous rice gave a positive response for all products in the range of more than 4.8 to 5.5 scores (like) for the overall response of hedonic value.
Hunter-gatherers' coping strategies on climate change and prospect in Iramba and Mbulu Districts, Tanzania
Authors: SHADRACK SELEMAN , MWALILINO J. K.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Shadrack S, Mwalilino JK. 2022. Hunter-gatherers' coping strategies on climate change and prospect in Iramba and Mbulu Districts, Tanzania. Intl J Trop Drylands 6: 77-89. The study intended to establish community perceptions of climate change, assess the extent of food availability and stability, and identify Hadzabe's food insecurity coping strategies toward climate change. The study was arranged in five villages in Iramba and Mbulu Districts, Tanzania: Yaedachini, Mongo wa Mono, Kipamba, Munguli, and Domanga. Furthermore, to collect data, the cross-sectional technique was used. Next, purposive and simple random sampling was used to obtain 100 respondents. Next, data were analyzed using computer programs and content analysis methods. Finally, descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were computed. This study revealed that people had experienced climate change that led to chronic food insecurity. However, the Hadzabe have developed different coping strategies to mitigate this situation. The most used coping strategies included: relying on food from the government and NGOs, migrating to the area with food, borrowing food and selling labor, eating foods that have not been used before, and engaging in petty business. In Hadzabe, the dependence on wild food and lack of food storage facilities and habits were identified as the main contributing factors to food insecurity. The study concluded that there is a need to improve the coping capacity of the Hadzabe to strengthen their coping strategies and to recognize the importance of forest resources in supporting the Hadzabes' livelihoods to improve food availability and stability. This study recommended long-term development measures such as training on crops, animal husbandry, and modern beekeeping.
Narrow linewidth electro-optically tuned multi-channel interference widely tunable semiconductor laser
Authors: Wang Kuankuan , Chen Quanan , Jiang Chun , Chen Zifeng , Tan Su , Lu Mingzhi , Lu Qiaoyin , Guo Weihua
Published: January 2023

A narrow linewidth electro-optically tuned multi-channel interference (MCI) widely tunable semiconductor laser based on carrier injection is demonstrated in this paper. The MCI laser with a common phase section and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is packaged into a 16-pin butterfly box. The laser is characterized by a strategy: shifting the longitudinal mode and then aligning the reflection peak, which obtains a quasi-continuous tuning range over 48 nm. The corresponding side mode suppression ratios (SMSRs) are higher than 40 dB and frequency deviations from ITU-grid are less than ± 1 GHz. Threshold currents are less than 28 mA. Fiber coupled output powers are higher than 20 mW and power variations with fixed gain and SOA currents are less than 0.8 dB over the whole tuning range. Lorentzian linewidths are less than 320 kHz over the entire tuning range, which is one of the lowest results for monolithic widely tunable semiconductor lasers tuned by carrier injection. These results demonstrate the potential prospects of the MCI laser with carrier injection in the field of optical sensing and optical communications.
Spectro-temporal behavior of dye-based solid-state random lasers under a picosecond pumping regime: Part III
Authors: Iparraguirre I. , García-Revilla S. , Azkargorta J. , Fernández J. , Balda R.
Published: January 2023

In two recent works, the authors have investigated the spectro-temporal properties of the random laser emission from solid state dye-doped powders in picosecond pumping regime. Each emission pulse consists, both above and below threshold, in a collection of narrow peaks of a spectro-temporal width at the theoretical limit (ΔωΔt≅1). The distribution of path lengths traveled inside the diffusive active medium by photons that can be amplified by stimulated emission explains this behavior, as demonstrated by a simple theoretical model developed by the authors. The aim of the present work is, first, to develop an implemented model that does not depend on fitting parameters, and which is compatible with the energetic and spectro-temporal properties of the material; and second, to get knowledge about the spatial properties of the emission. The transverse coherence size of each emitted photon packet has been measured; and in addition, we have shown the existence of spatial fluctuations of the emission of these materials, as our model predicts.
Surgical provider-reported reasons for utilization of the World Health Organization’s Surgical Safety Checklist at a tertiary hospital in Ghana
Authors: Bansah Eyram Cyril , Adanu Kekeli Kodjo , Adedia David , Addo-Lartey Adolphina Addoley
Published: January 2023

Despite the established positive benefits, LMICs’ adoption of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) is inadequate, with as little as 20% use. This study assessed the utilization and beliefs that drive the non-utilization of the WHO SSC among surgical providers at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) in Accra, Ghana. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 186 surgical providers at the KBTH in Ghana. Data collected included the category of personnel, awareness of the SSC, training received, previously identified barriers, and staff perceptions. Utilization and drivers associated with non-utilization of the SSC were assessed using bivariate log-binomial regression. Out of 190 surgical professionals invited, 186 gave their consent and participated in the survey, giving a response rate of 97.9%. Respondents comprised 69 (37%) surgeons, 66 (36%) anesthetists, and 51 (27%) nurses. Only 30.4% of surgical professionals always use the SSC, as advised by WHO. The majority (67.7%) of surgical professionals had received no formal training on using the WHO SSC. The proportion was highest among surgeons (81.2%) compared to anesthetists (66.7%) and nurses (51%). Surgeons were perceived by other professionals to be the least supportive of checklist use (87.6%), in contrast to nurses (96.1%) and anesthetists (93.9%). Significant drivers associated with checklist usage among surgical professionals included the SSC taking too long to complete, poor communication between anesthetist and surgeon, checklist not covering all perioperative risks, difficulty finding a coordinator, poor attitude of team members toward questions, surgical specialty/unit and training status of professionals. The checklist was always used by only a small (30%) proportion of surgical professionals at the KBTH. Improving checklist use will necessitate its careful application to all surgical operations and a cycle of periodic training that includes context-specific adjustments, checklist auditing, and feedback from local coordinators.
Individual variation in Plasmodium vivax malaria risk: Are repeatedly infected people just unlucky?
Authors: Corder Rodrigo M. , Arez Ana Paula , Ferreira Marcelo U.
Published: January 2023

Extensive research has examined why some people have frequent Plasmodium falciparum malaria episodes in sub-Saharan Africa while others remain free of disease most of the time. In contrast, malaria risk heterogeneity remains little studied in regions where P. vivax is the dominant species. Are repeatedly infected people in vivax malaria settings such as the Amazon just unlucky? Here, we briefly review evidence that human genetic polymorphism and acquired immunity after repeated exposure to parasites can modulate the risk of P. vivax infection and disease in predictable ways. One-fifth of the hosts account for 80% or more of the community-wide vivax malaria burden and contribute disproportionally to onward transmission, representing a priority target of more intensive interventions to achieve malaria elimination. Importantly, high-risk individuals eventually develop clinical immunity, even in areas with very low or residual malaria transmission, and may constitute a large but silent parasite reservoir.
Rotations improve the diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities, enzyme activities and tomato yield
Authors: Feng Cui , Yi Zhengwei , Qian Wei , Liu Huiying , Jiang Xiaosan
Published: January 2023

The use of rotations is an effective strategy to control crop diseases and improve plant health. The soil bacterial communities in the rhizosphere are highly important for maintaining soil productivity. However, the composition and structure of soil bacterial communities in the rotations of vegetable crops remain unclear. In this study, we explored the bacterial diversity and community structure of the tomato rhizosphere, including enzyme activities, yield, and fruit quality, under three different cropping systems: tomato-tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) continuous cropping (TY1), eggplant (Solanum melongena)-tomato rotation (TY2) and arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia)-tomato rotation (TY3). The composition and diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities differed significantly. The diversity was more in the TY2 and TY3 treatments than those in the TY1 treatment. Chujaibacter and Rhodanobacter were two predominant and unique strains detected only in TY1, while the relative abundances of Curvibacter and Luteimonas were the highest in TY2 and TY3, respectively. Moreover, Lysobacter was a relatively abundant type of biocontrol bacterium found only in the TY3 treatment, which could contribute to alleviating the obstacle of tomato continuous cropping. Compared with the TY1 treatment, the activities of catalase were significantly higher in the TY2 and TY3 treatments. In addition, compared with TY1, the TY2 and TY3 plots increased the following parameters: tomato yields by 24–46%, total soluble solids by 37-93%, total organic acid by 10-15.7% and soluble protein by 10-21%, while the content of nitrate was significantly reduced by 23%. Altogether, compared with the tomato monoculture, the rotations of tomato with eggplant and arrowhead shifted the rhizosphere bacterial communities and improved the yield and quality of the tomato. Moreover, a tomato rotation, particularly with arrowhead, was an effective way to alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping.
The cellular basis of cartilage growth and shape change in larval and metamorphosing Xenopus frogs
Authors: Rose Christopher S.
Published: January 2023

As the first and sometimes only skeletal tissue to appear, cartilage plays a fundamental role in the development and evolution of vertebrate body shapes. This is especially true for amphibians whose largely cartilaginous feeding skeleton exhibits unparalleled ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversification as a consequence of metamorphosis. Fully understanding the evolutionary history, evolvability and regenerative potential of cartilage requires in-depth analysis of how chondrocytes drive growth and shape change. This study is a cell-level description of the larval growth and postembryonic shape change of major cartilages of the feeding skeleton of a metamorphosing amphibian. Histology and immunohistochemistry are used to describe and quantify patterns and trends in chondrocyte size, shape, division, death, and arrangement, and in percent matrix from hatchling to froglet for the lower jaw, hyoid and branchial arch cartilages of Xenopus laevis. The results are interpreted and integrated into programs of cell behaviors that account for the larval growth and histology, and metamorphic remodeling of each element. These programs provide a baseline for investigating hormone-mediated remodeling, cartilage regeneration, and intrinsic shape regulating mechanisms. These programs also contain four features not previously described in vertebrates: hypertrophied chondrocytes being rejuvenated by rapid cell cycling to a prechondrogenic size and shape; chondrocytes dividing and rearranging to reshape a cartilage; cartilage that lacks a perichondrium and grows at single-cell dimensions; and an adult cartilage forming de novo in the center of a resorbing larval one. Also, the unexpected superimposition of cell behaviors for shape change onto ones for larval growth and the unprecedented exploitation of very large and small cell sizes provide new directions for investigating the development and evolution of skeletal shape and metamorphic ontogenies.
Antitumor effect of selenium-rich Brazil nuts and selenomethionine dietary supplementation on pre-existing 4T1 mammary tumor growth in mice
Authors: Pereira Marina Apocalypse Nogueira , da Silva Junior Ediu Carlos , Dayse da Silva Istefani Luciene , de Carvalho Bárbara Andrade , Ferreira Enio , Andrade Eric Francelino , Guimarães Guilherme Luiz Roberto , Pereira Luciano José
Published: January 2023

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient known to play an important role in the antioxidant system that can potentially influence tumor growth. We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Se supplementation after detection of 4T1 mammary tumor growth in BALB/c mice. Thirty female mice received subcutaneous inoculation of 4T1 cells. After five days, all animals presenting palpable tumors were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group (Se-control) receiving a diet with adequate Se (0.15 mg/kg) and two other groups that received Se-supplemented diets (1.4 mg/kg of total Se) with either Brazilian nuts (Se-Nuts) or selenomethionine (SeMet). Data were assessed by either One or Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD or Bonferroni’s post hoc tests, respectively. Both Se-supplemented diets reduced tumor volume from the thirteenth day of feeding compared with the Se-adequate (control) diet (p < 0.05). The SeMet group presented a higher Se blood concentration (p < 0.05) than the Se-control group, with the Se-Nuts group presenting intermediate values. Selenoprotein P gene expression in the liver was higher in the Se-Nuts group than in the Se-control group (p < 0.05), while the SeMet group presented intermediate expression. Dietary Se supplementation, starting after detection of 4T1 palpable lesions, reduced tumor volume in mice.
Healthcare utilization among pre-frail and frail Puerto Ricans
Authors: Barba Cheyanne , Downer Brian , Clay Olivio J. , Kennedy Richard , Ballard Erin , Crowe Michael
Published: January 2023

Frailty is associated with adverse health outcomes and greater healthcare utilization. Less is known about the relationship between frailty and healthcare utilization in Puerto Rico, where high rates of chronic conditions and limited healthcare may put this group at a higher likelihood of using healthcare resources. This study examined the association between pre-frailty and frailty with healthcare utilization at baseline and 4-year follow-up among a cohort of community dwelling Puerto Ricans living on the island. We examined data from 3,040 Puerto Ricans (mean age 70.6 years) from The Puerto Rican Elderly: Health Conditions (PREHCO) study between 2002–2003 and 2006–2007. We used a modified version of the Fried criteria defined as 3 or more of the following: shrinking, weakness, poor energy, slowness, and low physical activity. Pre-frailty was defined as 1–2 components. The number of emergency room visits, hospital stays, and doctor visits within the last year were self-reported. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were used for ER visits and hospital stays. Negative binomial models were used for doctor visits. Pre-frailty was associated with a higher rate of doctor visits with a rate ratio of 1.11 (95% CI = 1.01–1.22) at baseline. Frailty was associated with a higher rate of ER visits (1.48, 95% CI = 1.13–1.95), hospital stays (1.69, 95% CI = 1.08–2.65), and doctor visits (1.24, 95% CI = 1.10–1.39) at baseline. Pre-frailty and frailty were not associated with any healthcare outcomes at follow-up. Pre-frailty and frailty are associated with an increased rate of healthcare services cross-sectionally among Puerto Rican adults, which may cause additional burdens on the already pressured healthcare infrastructure on the island.
Characteristics of medication-induced xerostomia and effect of treatment
Authors: Ito Kayoko , Izumi Naoko , Funayama Saori , Nohno Kaname , Katsura Kouji , Kaneko Noboru , Inoue Makoto
Published: January 2023

Objective

Side-effects of medications cause xerostomia. There have been cases where a medication has been discontinued owing to its severe side-effects. Therefore, the xerostomia must be treated to ensure that the primary disease is managed effectively. This study analyzed the actual status of patients with medication-induced xerostomia and investigates factors associated with its improvement.

Methods

This study assessed 490 patients diagnosed with medication-induced xerostomia who had an unstimulated salivary flow of ≤0.1 mL/min and received treatment for xerostomia at a xerostomia clinic. Patient age, sex, medical history, medications used, disease duration of xerostomia, and psychological disorders were recorded. The anticholinergic burden was assessed using the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale. The unstimulated salivary flow was measured by the spitting method. According to their symptoms and diagnoses, the patients were introduced to oral lubricants, instructed on how to perform massage, and prescribed Japanese herbal medicines, and sialogogues. Factors associated with the subjective improvement of xerostomia and objective changes in the salivary flow rate were recorded at six months.

Results

Xerostomia improved in 338 patients (75.3%). The improvement rate was significantly lower in patients with psychiatric disorders (63.6%) (P = 0.009). The improvement rate decreased as more anticholinergics were used (P = 0.018). However, xerostomia improved in approximately 60% of patients receiving three or more anticholinergics. The unstimulated salivary flow increased significantly more in patients who reported an improvement of xerostomia (0.033±0.053 mL/min) than in those who reported no improvement (0.013±0.02 mL/min) (P = 0.025).

Conclusion

Xerostomia treatment improved oral dryness in 75.3% of patients receiving xerogenic medications in this study. If xerostomia due to side-effects of medications can be improved by treatment, it will greatly contribute to the quality of life of patients with xerogenic medications and may reduce the number of patients who discontinue medications.
Effectiveness of online practical education on vaccination training in the students of bachelor programs during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Shirahmadi Samane , Hazavehei Seyed Mohamad Mehdi , Abbasi Hamid , Otogara Marzie , Etesamifard Tahere , Roshanaei Ghodratolah , Dadaei Neda , Taheri Malihe
Published: January 2023

Background

The importance of immunization and the necessity of achieving the goals of the immunization expansion plan and the critical role of undergraduate public health students in attaining these goals in the Covid-19 pandemic is evident. The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using online educational videos on practical learning of vaccination in the apprenticeship stage during covid-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial.

Material and methods

This experimental study was conducted on 120 students (60 interventions and 60 control groups) at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during 2019–2020. The intervention included training vaccination skills through educational videos based on self-efficacy theory, which was conducted for two weeks each week in two sessions of two hours for the intervention group using an educational video. A researcher-made questionnaire and a performance checklist were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software. Paired t-test, independent t-test, and Chi-square.

Results

The mean age of the subjects was 22.41 years, and most of the participants were female students (80%). There were statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding knowledge (19.17±0.92 vs. 16.03±3.00; P<0.001), self-efficacy (40.84±3.71 vs 33.45±4.83; P = 0.01), attitude (22.56±2.95vs 20.28±3.25; P = 0.01) and performance (27.92±6.00 vs 22.38±5.40; P = 0.01) after the intervention.

Conclusion

According to the findings of this study, the use of educational videos for undergraduate students of public health during the apprenticeship period has a positive effect on the practical learning of vaccination. However, it seems that in non-critical times, online education along with face-to-face education will be more effective for practical training.
Potential long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the pulmonary vasculature: Multilayered cross-talks in the setting of coinfections and comorbidities
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Aktay-Cetin Öznur , Craddock Vaughn , Morales-Cano Daniel , Kosanovic Djuro , Cogolludo Angel , Perez-Vizcaino Francisco , Avdeev Sergey , Kumar Ashok , Ram Anil Kumar , Agarwal Stuti , Chakraborty Ananya , Savai Rajkumar , de Jesus Perez Vinicio , Graham Brian B. , Butrous Ghazwan , Dhillon Navneet K.
Published: January 2023

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its sublineages pose a new challenge to healthcare systems worldwide due to its ability to efficiently spread in immunized populations and its resistance to currently available therapies. COVID-19, although targeting primarily the respiratory system, is also now well established that later affects every organ in the body. Most importantly, despite the available therapy and vaccine-elicited protection, the long-term consequences of viral infection in breakthrough and asymptomatic individuals are areas of concern. In the past two years, investigators accumulated evidence on how the virus triggers our immune system and the molecular signals involved in the cross-talk between immune cells and structural cells in the pulmonary vasculature to drive pathological lung complications such as endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis. In the review, we emphasize recent updates on the pathophysiological inflammatory and immune responses associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and their potential long-term consequences that may consequently lead to the development of pulmonary vascular diseases.
Metodologías de la investigación social para la transformación [Reseña]
Authors: Cejas-Martínez Magda-Francisca , Galindo-Arranz Fermín
Published: January 2023

Con la obra Investigación social en Comunicación: Metodologías cuantitativa, cualitativa y participativa, del doctor en Comunicación e Información Contemporánea, Julio Bravo Mancero,  se demuestra el recorrido  del aspecto metodológico, como un hecho emergente para la actualidad. Se trata de un riguroso enfoque de las técnicas de toma de información, en el campo, diseña instrumentos originales que son una contribución para el abordaje de los problemas que se encuentran en el entorno y que requieren de una solución. Funda la obra desde la perspectiva de autores clásicos y contemporáneos que, no solo cimentan el trabajo, sino que muestran un camino, inédito hasta ahora, para intervenir la realidad desde lo comunicacional. Por consiguiente, este libro se convierte en una herramienta práctica, de consulta, pero también de acción que pretende motivar trabajos para la academia, y también, para proyectos inter, trans y multidisciplinarios que motiven el desarrollo y la transformación multisectorial.
El vídeo en formato vertical. Una revisión de la literatura en comunicación
Authors: Navarro-Güere Héctor
Published: January 2023

Los nuevos medios de comunicación han cambiado la producción y el uso que hacemos de imágenes estáticas y dinámicas que visionamos en las pantallas de nuestros dispositivos móviles. El panorama audiovisual se presenta plagado de posibilidades de combinación de formatos y recursos. En los últimos años la verticalización de la pantalla ha incursionado como soporte de la comunicación audiovisual en la Tecnologías de Comunicación e Información. El objetivo principal de esta investigación ha sido conocer la literatura publicada sobre el vídeo en formato vertical donde se ha optado por la revisión bibliográfica de tipo narrativo, y para su elaboración se han consultado las bases de datos de Web of Science, Scopus y Google Académico con una estrategia de búsqueda relacionada. La evidencia científica publicada se puede sectorizar en la discusión sobre la relación entre la imagen y el dispositivo, la relación de aspecto, los soportes y formatos de los nuevos medios, el vídeo vertical en redes sociales y lineamientos sobre la gramática del vídeo vertical. Entre las principales conclusiones destaca que el formato vertical desafía las concepciones tradicionales y conduce a ajustes visuales/espaciales, estilísticos y estéticos que determinan una nueva forma de ver y experimentar de los medios y plataformas de comunicación. Esta revisión de la literaria hace patente la escasa bibliografía científica disponible sobre el tema en cuestión.
La moda justa: una invitación a vestir con ética [Reseña]
Authors: Navarro-Gaviño Álvaro
Published: January 2023

En forma de diagnóstico crítico, la autora Marta D.Riezu, periodista sobre moda y tendencias, acomete reflexiones con una perspectiva comprometida e imaginativa de aspectos relacionados con problemáticas características de la industria textil, como la democratización del estilo de los modelos de consumo veloz, que consiguió devaluar la percepción de la ropa, presentándola como desechable. Así desarrolla apartados específicos sobre un contexto actual en el que la crisis climática, la ideología consumista, los fenómenos de control, la precariedad de las condiciones laborales en la industria de la moda, la explotación humana, animal y medioambiental o el crecimiento de la moda ultrarrápida bajo el calor del big data y las redes sociales son elementos principales de unas realidades medioambientales preocupantes. Y extendiéndose en aspectos originales en torno a éstos, incide en la urgencia de un consumo responsable, a la par que sostenible y una conciencia crítica colectiva sobre nuestras «necesidades».
La hiperconversación, el diálogo aumentado del mundo móvil a través del WhatsApp
Authors: Benítez-Eyzaguirre Lucía , De-Marcos Celia , Acosta-Calderón Lucía
Published: January 2023

Este artículo presenta una propuesta de definición de la nueva conversación que se registra a través de la aplicación de chat WhatsApp, y transforma la estructura del diálogo clásico. La calificamos de ‘hiperconversación’ y, a partir del análisis propuesto en el marco teórico, le atribuimos las características de accesible, compleja, espontánea, extensible, interactiva y multicódigo. Estas variables surgen del análisis de la experiencia usuaria de 23 personas sobre el uso de la aplicación y los modos de conversación, a través de entrevistas estructuradas. Se ha utilizado una metodología inductiva basada en la Teoría Fundamentada (Strauss y Corbin, 2002: 21-22) para un análisis asistido con el software Atlas.ti hasta obtener por saturación 28 características relacionadas con la temporalidad, la espacialidad, los formatos comunicativos, así como el carácter social y subjetivo del diálogo mediado por la aplicación.  Se concluye que la hiperconversación, por cuanto la tecnología facilita otras oportunidades temporales y espaciales, es cotidiana, refuerza las relaciones (Giang, 2019) y contribuye a la creación de comunidad. En su nuevo estilo presenta diferentes formatos y por tanto es multicódigo, es tanto sincrónica como asincrónica, en presencia o en ausencia, enriquecida, infinita y extensible. Es compleja en itinerarios de lectura, en canales, en tiempos y espacios, son conversaciones paralelas y simultáneas e incluso asíncronas, y ocupan toda la experiencia onlife. La nueva cultura de la conversación trata de responder a los significados, turnos de palabra, la duración de los diálogos, la inclusión de personas interlocutoras, al solapamiento de diálogos e incluso al silencio.
Uso y distribución de las alusiones científicas en la serie de ficción. El caso de The Big Bang Theory
Authors: Carcaboso-Garcia Eduardo , Flores-Jaramillo Samanta , Gómez-Crisóstomo Rocío , Trabadela-Robles Javier
Published: January 2023

Las series de ficción cuentan con una gran audiencia y pueden llegar a convertirse en un vehículo efectivo en relación a la comunicación científica. Si bien en la actualidad no son numerosas las series que incorporan en sus guiones material científico, está en aumento la práctica de incorporar a la plantilla de guionistas personal experto-asesor en diferentes ámbitos, entre ellos, el científico. Esta investigación tiene como finalidad mostrar la relación que puede existir entre la producción audiovisual con la divulgación de la ciencia. Se realiza un estudio de las alusiones científicas incluidas en la serie “The Big Bang Theory” y su relación con la función formativa atribuida a los productos audiovisuales. Se abordan diferentes objetivos, entre ellos analizar la capacidad de formación de dicha serie, mediante una cuantificación y distribución de citas o menciones en el producto audiovisual. Resulta especialmente novedoso el análisis que vincula las alusiones científicas encontradas con el lugar de la aparición desde el punto de vista de la estructura narrativa de cada capítulo. Se han tomado como muestra las cinco primeras temporadas (2007-2012) de la serie. Los principales resultados han permitido dar respuesta a los objetivos planteados. A destacar que el tipo de mención científica más utilizado en la serie es “Teoría/Principio”, seguido de “Artículos” y “Autores”; también, que las menciones a contenido científico se establecen en los dos primeros actos dentro del argumento de la serie, reservando el tercero, sin apenas menciones científicas, para plantear la moraleja de la trama.
Evaluación cuantitativa y/o cualitativa de la investigación. Marejada académica [Editorial]
Authors: Tur-Viñes Victoria
Published: January 2023

Se resumen las principales iniciativas que defienden priorizar la evaluación cualitativa de la investigación destacando los inconvenientes de la mera evaluación cuantitativa mediante el índice de impacto de las revistas donde se publica, relegando el contenido concreto de cada artículo. Se revisa la Declaración de Budapest (1999), la Declaración de San Francisco sobre la Evaluación de la Investigación (2012), el Manifiesto de Leiden (2014) y la reciente iniciativa conjunta entre la European University Association (EUA), Science Europe y la Comisión Europea, en el desarrollo de un prometedor Acuerdo sobre la Reforma de la Evaluación de la Investigación (2022). Así mismo, presentamos el primer número de 2023 con 29 textos. Incluye 12 artículos científicos en dos monográficos, 7 artículos en miscelánea, 3 editoriales y 7 reseñas. El primer monográfico lleva por título Audiencias y nuevas formas de emisión: lineal, bajo demanda, streaming y/o social y ha sido coordinado por Jorge Gallardo-Camacho (Universidad Camilo José Cela, España), Cesar García (Central Washington University, EE.UU.) y Belén Puebla-Martínez (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, España). El segundo monográfico se centra en Las series de televisión como objeto de estudio multidisciplinar y ha sido coordinado por Jesús Segarra-Saavedra (Universidad de Alicante, España), Tatiana Hidalgo-Marí (Universidad de Alicante, España) y Paul Julian Smith (City University of New York, Graduate Center, Estados Unidos).
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR CUTTING BLANKS AND OBTAINING BLANKS FROM ROLLED METAL
Authors: Zubarev Yu. M. , Weber A. V. , Barsukov V. A.
Published: January 2023

Each technological process has the right to exist, and the choice of a specific technological process is carried out on the basis of its priority indicators for specific processing conditions. The main requirements for the technological process are: its efficiency – cutting speed, productivity, versatility of the installation and its cost-effectiveness; cutting accuracy and quality of the metal of the surface layer; When mastering the production of new equipment an important place is given to the production of new technologies that have their own life cycle and affect the profit and competitiveness of the manufactured product.
COMPUTATIONAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF COMPOSITE METAL-METAL POLYMER PARTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURES
Authors: Lubimyi N. S. , Polshin A. A. , Tikhonov A. A. , Gerasimov M. D. , Ryazantsev V. G. , Chetverikov B. S. , Antsiferov S. I. , Romanovich A. A.
Published: January 2023

Additive manufacturing of metal parts occupies an increasing number of areas of mechanical engineering, but still remains too expensive for mass use. Based on the experience in the production of combined metal-metal polymer forming parts of molds, a new method for the production of composite parts from a metal shell filled with metal polymer is proposed. The strength calculations by the finite element method of the exoskeleton part and a sample of simplified geometry are given as the basis of the study. A comparison of the strength characteristics of parts made of various materials and their combinations showed high strength characteristics of a composite part made of a metal shell and a metal polymer filler. The metal-metal polymer composite part is distinguished not only by its high strength, but also by a significantly lower cost due to the reduction in the volume of 3D printing with metal. The article substantiates the main problems facing researchers and technologists in the development of a practically applicable technology for producing such composite parts.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR THE REGISTRATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE EQUIPMENT OF A DRILLING RIG
Authors: Soshina T. O. , Glazyrin M. V. , Britov D. V.
Published: January 2023

A technical solution was considered aimed at ensuring uninterrupted operation during drilling, the ability to continue work for several minutes after a power outage, fixing the parameters during drilling, namely the torque on the rotor/top drive, the possibility of expanding the functions of the complex, the minimum number of elements, minimum dimensions and weight, high reliability. The hardware and software complex for registering technological parameters of the drilling rig equipment includes: OWEN data collection module, MV110-8AS high-speed analog signal input module, SMI-2 LED indicator, SIEMENS power supply, Cyber Power uninterruptible power supply. The registration complex has the ability to record and save parameters on an external medium accessible for opening in any available software, displaying information on a graphical panel in real time of drilling parameters. The cost of the registration complex has been determined, which shows that this complex has a low cost and availability of component elements in comparison with existing analogues on the market. The total error of the recorder has been calculated. The transfer of information within the registrar occurs through its own communication channels. The information network of the registrar is a unified environment with the possibility of its further expansion. At the same time, sufficient information protection is provided, since the communication of devices with each other occurs according to their internal protocols, which excludes arbitrary connection to the recorder without certain settings. It is possible to implement on the basis of the complex additional technological protections, warning systems and interlocks, protection against high-voltage impulses, against short circuits, against overloads, and noise filtering.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF LIGHT POLLUTION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Bayneva I. I.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the quality of the light environment, the “light pollution” of cities, which creates visual discomfort and has a negative effect on human health and the environment. Indicators of discomfort and sources of light pollution are considered. Functional lighting of urban areas and spaces, architectural lighting of facades of buildings, structures, landscapes, illuminated advertising determine not only the visual character of many cities, but are also powerful sources of their light pollution.Effective distribution of light energy in the city is impossible without competent lighting solutions in the design of lighting installations of all types. For outdoor lighting, it is advisable to use energy-saving light sources and lamps of reflected light, as well as to reduce the cost of lighting at certain intervals.
EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCTIVITY OF MULTI-NOMENCLATURE METALWORKING PRODUCTIONS
Authors: Kondakov A. I. , Zaitsev A. V.
Published: January 2023

Currently, there is no unified approach to evaluating the performance of production systems. This is especially true of multi-nomenclature automated productions. Mandatory condition for the comparability of individual units of equipment and production systems is the structural and technological similarity (or identity) of production items. Each unit of equipment manufacturing system is considered isolated from other. The connections of the existing production system with others are most often ignored. This article shows that numerical performance characteristics can be considered as measures of the effectiveness of a multi-nomenclature metalworking productions. The dependences of performance characteristics on the conditions of production realization are proposed. The efficiency assessment cannot be obtained on the basis of a single numerical characteristic of production.
INFLUENCE OF MAINTAINABILITY AND QUALITY INDICATORS TO AFTER-SALESMAINTENANCE OF GAS TURBINE ENGINES
Authors: Bezjazychnyi V. F. , Kalugin S. S. , Miheeva A. V.
Published: January 2023

The article presents necessity and estimated determination of quality indicators of after-sales maintenance of gas turbine engines during the warranty period are given associated with engine transportation, engine’s units and parts transportation and links with maintainability for designing new types of gas turbine engines.
STABILITY OF A MULTI-SPAN FLUID-CONVEYING PIPE ON ELASTIC SUPPORTS
Authors: Radin V. P. , Chirkov V. P. , Poznyak E. V. , Shchugorev A. V. , Shchugorev V. N. , Novicova O. V.
Published: January 2023

A stability of a multi-span cantilevered fluid-conveying pipe supported by elastic supports is investigated. The equation of disturbed motion is solved with using the modal decomposition and Bubnov–Galerkin method. The natural frequencies and modes are found by the method of initial parameters. Depending on the stiffness of elastic supports, on the plane of the parameters characterizing the velocity and mass per unit length of the flowing fluid, the boundary of the stability is constructed.
FINISHING TREATMENT OF THE TEETH OF HARDENED CYLINDRICAL GEARS BY TOOTH HONING
Authors: Kalashnikov A. S. , Morgunov Yu. A. , Vasilyev A. N. , Karavanova A. G.
Published: January 2023

In connection with the development of the machine-building industry, the requirements for the quality and operational reliability of cylindrical gears have increased significantly recently. Among the finishing processes of cylindrical gears, tooth honing has become widespread. This article discusses the technological possibilities of tooth honing with internal hones. The conducted studies have shown that honing has a high ability to correct the errors of hardened teeth obtained during previous operations (after tooth shaving and after tooth milling). A feature of the tooth honing operation is the achievement of low roughness values and its correct location on the side surfaces of the teeth, which helps to retain the lubricating film on the surface of the teeth and reduce vibro-acoustic activity during operation.