bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth status of children and adolescents born small for gestational age at full term in Korea: data from the KNHANES-V
Authors: Kim Ji Hyun , Kim Dong Ho , Lim Jung Sub
Published: May 2020

Objectives

Small for gestational age (SGA) status is known to show stunted growth and results in short stature in adults. The aim of this study was to describe the current short stature in subjects born SGA in Korea and to assess catch-up growth (CUG) or non-CUG.

Methods

We analyzed data from 3,524 subjects (1,831 male) aged 1–18 years who were born as full-term singletons and who participated in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2011).

Results

The prevalence of SGA was 13.4% (n=471). Subjects born SGA had fathers with shorter height, shorter mother’s height, and mid-parental height than non-SGA subjects (p<0.05 for all). The odds ratios (ORs) for SGA birth of a short statured father and a short statured mother were 2.00 (95% CI; 1.15–3.47) and 2.11 (95% CI; 1.30–3.40), respectively. Among 471 SGA subjects, 28 subjects (5.9%) were non-CUG, which made up 36.4% of all subjects with short stature. The CUG subjects had a higher father's height, mother’s height, mid-parental height, and current BMI (p<0.05 for all). The non-CUG subjects had a higher percentage of fathers being near-short stature (height<10th percentile; 33.3 vs. 12.7%; p=0.008) and mothers being near-short stature (39.3 vs. 13.9%; p<0.001).

Conclusion

Korean subjects born SGA had a higher risk of current short stature. This population-based nationwide survey also showed that both father’s and mother’s short stature are risk factors of not only SGA birth but also non-CUG in their children.
Investigating the preventive effect of vitamins C and E on preeclampsia in nulliparous pregnant women
Authors: Lorzadeh Nahid , Kazemirad Yasaman , Kazemirad Nastran
Published: May 2020

Objectives

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder associated with pregnancy and is the leading cause of both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Recent reports suggest that free radical-induced endothelial cell injury might be an etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effects of vitamins C and E for the prevention of preeclampsia.

Methods

This clinical trial was conducted in the year 2018 in the clinical centers of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. One hundred and sixty nulliparous women aged 18–38 years without any risk factors for preeclampsia were divided into two groups. The first group received a 400-IU/day dose of vitamin E orally and a 1000-mg/day dose of vitamin C with iron tablets during 20–24 weeks of pregnancy, while the control group received only iron tablets. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency distribution tables.

Results

The incidence of preeclampsia in the control group was 17.5% and in the intervention group was 5%, which was significantly different. The mean systolic pressures before and after intervention were 99.43 ± 7.8 and 12.44 ± 19.1, respectively, in the control group, and 99.3 ± 8.3 and 106.12 ± 13.25, respectively, in the intervention group (P < 0.001). The mean diastolic pressures before and after intervention in the control group were 62.7 ± 13.6 and 62.7 ± 4.7 (P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion

The results of this study show that vitamins C and E have protective effects against preeclampsia by alleviating the overall blood pressure.
A neural network assisted Metropolis adjusted Langevin algorithm
Authors: Müller Christian , Diedam Holger , Mrziglod Thomas , Schuppert Andreas
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we derive a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm supported by a neural network.
In particular, we use the neural network to substitute derivative calculations made during a Metropolis adjusted Langevin algorithm (MALA) step with inexpensive neural network evaluations.
Using a complex, high-dimensional blood coagulation model and a set of measurements, we define a likelihood function on which we evaluate the new MCMC algorithm.
The blood coagulation model is a dynamic model, where derivative calculations are expensive and hence limit the efficiency of derivative-based MCMC algorithms.
The MALA adaptation greatly reduces the time per iteration, while only slightly affecting the sample quality.
We also test the new algorithm on a 2-dimensional example with a non-convex shape, a case where the MALA algorithm has a clear advantage over other state of the art MCMC algorithms.
To assess the impact of the new algorithm, we compare the results to previously generated results of the MALA and the random walk Metropolis Hastings (RWMH).
Myocardial amyloidosis following multiple myeloma in a 38-year-old female patient: A case report
Authors: Zhang Qisi , Qiao Yingli , Yan Dongmei , Deng Yuhui , Zhang Mengyang , Xu Poshi
Published: May 2020

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an immunoglobulin-producing tumor of plasma cells, which occurs commonly in the elderly. The incidence of myocardial amyloidosis with MM is extremely low and early clinical manifestations are nonspecific. The diversity of clinical manifestations and first episode symptoms often cause misdiagnosis in young patients with myocardial amyloidosis following MM. In this study, we analyzed the clinical data of a young woman with MM and impaired cardiac function combined with echocardiography, electrocardiography (ECG), laboratory data, cell Congo Red staining, and other manifestations to diagnose amyloidosis. Considering the rapid progression, short survival, and poor prognosis in most patients, a clear, definitive, and timely diagnosis is essential for the treatment of patients with MM complicated with myocardial amyloidosis.
The Russian Edition of Johann Jacobi von Wallhausen’s »Kriegskunst zu Fuß« (1649): The History of A Failure?
Authors: Rusakovskiy Oleg
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the history of the »Uchenie i khitrost’ ratnogo stroeniia pekhotnykh liudeĭ« – the first Russian book on military art issued in print in Moscow in 1649. Being a full and exact translation of the »Kriegskunst zu Fuß« by Johann Jacobi von Wallhausen (1615), the »Uchenie« has for a long time been recognized by historians as the first Russian effective drill manual which played an important role in the modernization of infantry tactics and military training. However, the use of the book for and during drill sessions could not be inferred by existing sources. Wallhausen’s text was too voluminous and comprehensive in comparison with contemporary drill manuals and could scarcely be understood by uneducated Russian readers. Tactical formations prescribed by Wallhausen were outdated and not suitable for the conditions prevailing in the Eastern European warfare of the mid-17th century. As a result, the book considered as being quite important for Russian culture had no value for military developments of the time.
Unter Bedingungen der unvollständigen nuklearen Revolution
Authors: Lutsch Andreas
Published: May 2020

Der Beitrag untersucht die Rolle und das nuklearstrategische Denken der Bundeswehrführung im Vorfeld des NATO-Doppelbeschlusses sowie Implikationen der kontroversen »Null-Option« im Lichte dieses Denkens. Er stützt sich auf Analysen aus den Bereichen security/strategic studies und offengelegtes Geschäftsschriftgut britischer und US-amerikanischer Provenienzen. Im ersten Teil zeigt der Beitrag Konturen der Forschung, fragt nach militärischer Innovation in der Nuklearstrategie und macht das Konzept »nuclear brinkmanship« fruchtbar. Im zweiten Teil werden drei Befunde zur Rolle und zum nuklearstrategischen Denken der Bundeswehrführung im Vorfeld des NATO-Doppelbeschlusses vorgestellt und jeweils empirisch begründet.
The existence of states on EQ-algebras
Authors: Xin Xiao Long , Ma Ying Cang , Fu Yu Long
Published: May 2020

Inspired by the open problems “How to define the notions of fantastic filters and states in EQ-algebras” in [LIU, L. Z.—ZHANG, X. Y.: Implicative and positive implicative prefilters of EQ-algebras, J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 26 (2014), 2087–2097], we introduce the notions of fantastic filters and investigate the existence of Bosbach states and Riečan states on EQ-algebras by use of fantastic filters. Firstly, we prove that a residuated EQ-algebra has a Bosbach state if and only if it has a fantastic filter. We also establish that a good EQ-algebra has a state-morphism if and only if it has a prime fantastic filter. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of QI-EQ-algebras and obtain the necessary and sufficient condition for a residuated QI-EQ-algebra having Riečan states. Finally, we introduce the notion of semi-divisible EQ-algebras and give an example of a semi-divisible residuated EQ-algebra, which is not a semi-divisible residuated lattice. We also prove that every semi-divisible residuated EQ-algebra admits Riečan states. These works generalize a series of existing results about existence of states in several algebras, such as residuated lattices, NM-algebras, MTL-algebras, BL-algebras and so on.
On sidon sequences of farey sequences, square roots and reciprocals
Authors: Surányi Gergő
Published: May 2020

In this paper, I will construct three families of Sidon sequences of certain subsets of ℝ, in particular I will study Farey sequences, square roots, and reciprocals. It will be shown that Sidon sequences over them have cardinality of between

c
1

N

3

/

4

log

N

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
c_1\frac{N^{3/4}} {\log{N}}
\end{array}$

and c
2
N
3/4, c
3
N, and

c
4

N
log

log

N

log

N

.

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
c_4 \frac{N\log{\log{N}}}{\log{N}}.
\end{array}$
Some fixed point theorems for multi-valued mappings in graphical metric spaces
Authors: Shukla Satish , Künzi Hans-Peter A.
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we discuss some topological properties of graphical metric spaces and introduce the G-set metric with respect to a graphical metric. Some fixed point results are introduced which generalize the famous Nadler’s fixed point theorem.
Monotone transformations on the cone of all positive semidefinite real matrices
Authors: Golubić Iva , Marovt Janko
Published: May 2020

Let

H

n

+

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
H_{n}^{+}
\end{array}$

(ℝ) be the cone of all positive semidefinite (symmetric) n × n real matrices. Matrices from

H

n

+

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
H_{n}^{+}
\end{array}$

(ℝ) play an important role in many areas of engineering, applied mathematics, and statistics, e.g. every variance-covariance matrix is known to be positive semidefinite and every real positive semidefinite matrix is a variance-covariance matrix of some multivariate distribution. Three of the best known partial orders that were mostly studied on various sets of matrices are the Löwner, the minus, and the star partial orders. Motivated by applications in statistics authors have recently investigated the form of maps on

H

n

+

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
H_{n}^{+}
\end{array}$

(ℝ) that preserve either the Löwner or the minus partial order in both directions. In this paper we continue with the study of preservers of partial orders on

H

n

+

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
H_{n}^{+}
\end{array}$

(ℝ). We characterize surjective, additive maps on

H

n

+

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
H_{n}^{+}
\end{array}$

(ℝ), n ≥ 3, that preserve the star partial order in both directions. We also investigate the form of surjective maps on the set of all symmetric real n × n matrices that preserve the Löwner partial order in both directions.
Locally defined operators in the space of C

k,ω
-functions
Authors: Wróbel Małgorzata
Published: May 2020

For a closed set A ⊂ ℝ
n
a representation theorem for locally defined operators maping the space C

k,ω
(A) consisting of all k-times continuously differentiable functions on A whose k-th derivatives have modulus of continuity ω into C
0,ω
(A) is presented.
High-Q dark hyperbolic phonon-polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride nanostructures
Authors: Ramer Georg , Tuteja Mohit , Matson Joseph R. , Davanco Marcelo , Folland Thomas G. , Kretinin Andrey , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Novoselov Kostya S. , Caldwell Joshua D. , Centrone Andrea
Published: May 2020

The anisotropy of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) gives rise to hyperbolic phonon-polaritons (HPhPs), notable for their volumetric frequency-dependent propagation and strong confinement. For frustum (truncated nanocone) structures, theory predicts five, high-order HPhPs, sets, but only one set was observed previously with far-field reflectance and scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy. In contrast, the photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique has recently permitted sampling of the full HPhP dispersion and observing such elusive predicted modes; however, the mechanism underlying PTIR sensitivity to these weakly-scattering modes, while critical to their understanding, has not yet been clarified. Here, by comparing conventional contact- and newly developed tapping-mode PTIR, we show that the PTIR sensitivity to those weakly-scattering, high-Q (up to ≈280) modes is, contrary to a previous hypothesis, unrelated to the probe operation (contact or tapping) and is instead linked to PTIR ability to detect tip-launched dark, volumetrically-confined polaritons, rather than nanostructure-launched HPhPs modes observed by other techniques. Furthermore, we show that in contrast with plasmons and surface phonon-polaritons, whose Q-factors and optical cross-sections are typically degraded by the proximity of other nanostructures, the high-Q HPhP resonances are preserved even in high-density hBN frustum arrays, which is useful in sensing and quantum emission applications.
Effects of gap thickness and emitter location on the photoluminescence enhancement of monolayer MoS2 in a plasmonic nanoparticle-film coupled system
Authors: Qi Xiaozhuo , Lo Tsz Wing , Liu Di , Feng Lantian , Chen Yang , Wu Yunkun , Ren Hongliang , Guo Guang-Can , Lei Dangyuan , Ren Xifeng
Published: May 2020

Plasmonic nanocavities comprised of metal film-coupled nanoparticles have emerged as a versatile nanophotonic platform benefiting from their ultrasmall mode volume and large Purcell factors. In the weak-coupling regime, the particle-film gap thickness affects the photoluminescence (PL) of quantum emitters sandwiched therein. Here, we investigated the Purcell effect-enhanced PL of monolayer MoS2 inserted in the gap of a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)–alumina (Al2O3)–gold film (Au Film) structure. Under confocal illumination by a 532 nm CW laser, we observed a 7-fold PL peak intensity enhancement for the cavity-sandwiched MoS2 at an optimal Al2O3 thickness of 5 nm, corresponding to a local PL enhancement of ∼350 by normalizing the actual illumination area to the cavity’s effective near-field enhancement area. Full-wave simulations reveal a counterintuitive fact that radiation enhancement comes from the non-central area of the cavity rather than the cavity center. By scanning an electric dipole across the nanocavity, we obtained an average radiation enhancement factor of about 65 for an Al2O3 spacer thickness of 4 nm, agreeing well with the experimental thickness and indicating further PL enhancement optimization. Our results indicate the importance of configuration optimization, emitter location and excitation condition when using such plasmonic nanocavities to modulate the radiation properties of quantum emitters.
MHD natural convection flow of Casson fluid in an annular microchannel containing porous medium with heat generation/absorption
Authors: Gireesha B.J. , Sindhu S.
Published: May 2020

This study has been conducted to focus on natural convection flow of Casson fluid through an annular microchannel formed by two cylinders in the presence of magnetic field. The process of heat generation/absorption is taken into consideration. Combined effects of various parameters such as porous medium, velocity slip and temperature jump are considered. Solution of the present mathematical model is obtained numerically using fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The flow velocity, thermal field, skin friction and Nusselt number are scrutinized with respect to the involved parameters of interest such as fluid wall interaction parameter, rarefaction parameter, Casson parameter and Darcy number with the aid of graphs. It is established that higher values of Casson parameter increases the skin friction coefficient. Further it is obtained that rate of heat transfer diminishes as fluid wall interaction parameter increases.
Civil Society Regimes and School Choice Reforms: Evidence from Sweden and Milwaukee
Authors: Henrekson Ebba , Andersson Fredrik O. , Wijkström Filip , Ford Michael R.
Published: May 2020

We examine the effects of school choice reforms implemented in the early 1990s in two different settings: Sweden and Milwaukee (WI, U.S.). We show how both the ideological and theoretical arguments for choice reform were similar in the two contexts, yet the consequences in terms of the organizational outcome and institutional sector configuration ended up strikingly dissimilar. While the new group of actors in the Swedish school system consisted primarily of large-scale for-profit schools, with only a minor share of the expansion being catered to by nonprofit actors, the Milwaukee school choice program became dominated by small-scale nonprofit schools operated by religious communities. We seek to explicate these differences by drawing on the welfare state literature and social origins theory, as well as from organizational and historical institutional theory. We argue that the resulting composition of providers is directly related to the deep-seated differences in the civil society regimes operating in the two contexts.
Digital Humanities and Ritual Space: A Reappraisal
Authors: Papantoniou Giorgos , Sarris Apostolos , Morris Christine E. , Vionis Athanasios K.
Published: May 2020

In this editorial article for the Special Issue onUnlocking Sacred Landscapes: Digital Humanities and Ritual Space, we introduce the applicability of digital humanities to the study of ritual space. The Issue focuses on digital approaches both to ritual space and to artefacts relating to ritual practice and cult. The terms ritual and cult are used broadly to include sanctuaries, temples and churches, as well as the domestic and funerary spheres of life. We include contributions with a strong methodological focus on computational developments, digitisation processes and spatial analyses. Although the main focus of theUnlocking Sacred Landscapes(UnSaLa) Research Network is the Mediterranean region, we have also encouraged colleagues working in other areas of the world to contribute to this volume, with a view to stimulating wider methodological dialogues and comparative approaches. The chronological span ranges from prehistory to the recent past, and includes cultural heritage management.
An analysis of American public libraries’ policies on patron use of Internet pornography
Authors: Edlund Hannah
Published: May 2020

Drawing on and expanding previous graduate course research, this paper investigated and analyzed public libraries’ policies regarding patron use of legal, visual Internet pornography on public computers. Pornographic imagery that falls within legal boundaries is protected by the First Amendment. Incidents of, and library responses to, pornography viewing are not a new issue and have caused turmoil across the field of library and information science. In an attempt to understand the problem, the research question asks: how do public libraries respond to patrons viewing legal Internet pornography, while upholding First Amendment rights as well as the Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) and other legal requirements? Libraries tread a fine line to protect First Amendment rights, respect community laws, and uphold CIPA. Research indicated that responding to Internet pornography use in public libraries is heavily dependent on individual, community and library values. Policies are more likely to prohibit patrons from accessing Internet pornography, and most libraries have at least some Internet filtering software restricting what content may be accessed on public use computers. However, evidence also suggests that regardless of policy or filters, library staff will at some point encounter a patron accessing Internet pornography.
Digital Justice: Shining Future or Illusory Chimera?
Authors: Fraley Scott
Published: May 2020

The question asked in this article is whether the rapidly increasing digitization of the law provides improvements to or detriments to justice. I suggest that the reality is that legal digitization has so far proven to have a negative impact on the delivery of justice. We may say that digital justice is a threat to the rule of law.
Ion exchange in downstream processing in biotechnology
Authors: Beschkov Venko N.
Published: May 2020

Ion exchange is one of the promising methods for downstream processing in biotechnology. Its advantages are based on selectivity and therefore obtaining of products with reasonable concentration and purity, mild conditions, simple operation and saving of time and energy for product separation. Additional advantage is the possiblein situextraction of ionogenic products from the fermentation broth, including removal of potential inhibitors during the fermentation process.

In the case of biotechnology, ion exchange could be considered in two separate ways: ion-exchange solvent extraction and traditional liquid/solid ion exchange by ion-exchange resins. Both approaches have been studied.

In this paper, this approach is shown on two important case studies: L(+)-lactic acid and L-lysine recovery from fermentation processes.
Computer-based techniques for lead identification and optimization II: Advanced search methods
Authors: Lupia Antonio , Moraca Federica , Bagetta Donatella , Maruca Annalisa , Ambrosio Francesca Alessandra , Rocca Roberta , Catalano Raffaella , Romeo Isabella , Talarico Carmine , Ortuso Francesco , Artese Anna , Alcaro Stefano
Published: May 2020

This paper focuses on advanced computational techniques for identifying and optimizing lead molecules, such as metadynamics and a novel dynamic 3D pharmacophore analysis method called Dynophores. In this paper, the first application of the funnel metadynamics of the Berberine binding to G-quadruplex DNA is depicted, disclosing hints for drug design, in particular clarifying water’s role and suggesting the design of derivatives able to replace the solvent-mediated interactions between ligand and DNA to achieve more potent and selective activity. Secondly, the novel dynamic pharmacophore approach is an extension of the classic 3D pharmacophores, with statistical and sequential information about the conformational flexibility of a molecular system derived from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
Spectroscopic and DFT studies of 2,4-dichloro-N-phenethylbenzenesulfonamide
Authors: Kavipriya R. , Kavitha Helen P. , Vennila Jasmine P. , Rhyman Lydia , Ramasami Ponnadurai
Published: May 2020

The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrum of 2,4-dichloro-N-phenethylbenzenesulfonamide (DPBS) was obtained and the compound was studied theoretically. The optimized geometry, total electronic energy and vibrational wavenumbers of DPBS were examined using Hartree–Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) method such as B3LYP, BP86 and M06 functionals with the basis set of 6-311++G(d,p) for all atoms. A complete vibrational assignment was studied for DPBS. The molecular orbital energies, polarizability and thermodynamic properties of DPBS were also computed. Analysis of molecular orbitals reveals the parameters such as chemical potential, chemical hardness and electrophilicity index. The molecular properties such as electric dipole moment µ, polarizability α, and hyperpolarizability β reveal the non-linear optical (NLO) property of DPBS. Natural bond analysis study reveals charge delocalization of the molecule. The experimental and computational results are found to have good agreement among themselves. The results of this work will pave the way for further insight in the study of the applications of DPBS.

Graphical Abstract:
Effect of Folate-deficient Diet and 5-Fluorouracil Treatment In the zn VlVO Model of Mice L1210 Leukemia
Authors: Graczyk Julita
Published: May 2020

The present study investigated the effect of reduced folic acid content in the organism, due to deficient diet, on the survival time of mice with L1210 leukemia, treated with fluorouracil. One of the mechanisms of the cytotoxic effect of fluorouracil is the inhibition of thymidylate synthase by binding fluorodeoxyuridylate, a 5-fluorouracil metabolite. Tetrahydrofoliane factor, for which folic acid is the substrate, takes part in this process. From the presented study it follows that the synthetic diet prepared without the addition of folic acid caused significantly lower blood serum folic acid levels, reduction of vitamin Bl2 level, anemia, as well as lowered leukocyte count. The antineoplastic effect of fluorouracil on L1210 leukemia was in that group of mice weaker than the effect of fluorouracil in mice receiving synthetic diet which met their folic acid requirement.
Plasma Neopterin in Hepatitis C Virus Antibody -positive and -negative Donors with Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase Activity
Authors: Mazda Toshio , Noriyuki Nojiri , Kimura Hiroshi , Iino Teruhiko , Ohbayashi Akira
Published: May 2020

Plasma neopterin was assayed in units from HBs antigen-negative male donors with elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (AL T, above 35 Karmen units) who were divided into two groups according to whether they were negative (N = 162) or positive (N =-= RO) for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV Ab). Male donors with no abnormalities reflected in screening tests were selected as controls (N98). The average values of plasma neopterin were 5.6 nmolll in the HCV Ab-negative group, 7.9 nmolll in the HCV Ab-positive group and 5.9 nmolll in the control group. Significant differences were only found between the HCVAb-positive group and each of the other two groups. From the results. the elevated ALT levels in the majority of HCVAb-negative donors with elevated AL T were considered to be clue to liver injuries caused by metabolic disturbances such as steatosis due to excess body weight and/or alcohol consumption.
Die Chancen und Risiken eines Experience rating in der Arbeitslosenversicherung
Authors: Eppel Rainer , Mahringer Helmut
Published: May 2020

Rainer Eppel und Helmut Mahringer beleuchten die Chancen und Risiken unterschiedlicher Gestaltungsvarianten eines Experience rating in der Arbeitslosenversicherung. Hintergrund dafür ist der Befund, dass eine durch pauschale Arbeitgeberbeiträge finanzierte Arbeitslosenversicherung unerwünschte Umverteilungseffekte produziert und Anreize zu vermehrten, häufig nur vorübergehenden Beschäftigungsbeendigungen setzt. Studien zeigen für die Vereinigten Staaten, Kanada und einige Länder Europas, dass dies einen substanziellen Teil der Arbeitslosigkeit verursacht. Ein Experience rating in der Form erfahrungsbasierter und risikoabhängiger Arbeitgeberbeiträge birgt die Chance, ein Übermaß an vorübergehenden Kündigungen zu vermeiden und die Arbeitslosigkeit sowie die Folgebelastungen für die Arbeitslosenversicherung zu mindern. Risikofaktoren, die bei der Beitragsgestaltung berücksichtigt werden sollten, liegen besonders in einer zu starken Einschränkung der Flexibilität der Unternehmen, einer Verschärfung von Unternehmenskrisen und einer Hemmung von Neueinstellungen auf Kosten der Jobchancen von Arbeitslosen.
Neptunium extraction by N,N-dialkylamides
Authors: Gogolski Jarrod M. , Zalupski Peter R. , Grimes Travis S. , Jensen Mark P.
Published: May 2020

Separation of neptunium by solvent extraction has been based on tributylphosphate (TBP) for decades, but TBP is not fully incinerable, which adds to the burden of long-lived radioactive waste. Alternatives to TBP for uranium and plutonium extraction, such as the N,N-diakylamides, previously have been explored in the hopes of transitioning to an extractant that is incinerable. Four N,N-diakylamides, N,N-dihexylhexanamide (DHHA), N,N-dihexyloctanamide (DHOA), N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)butanamide (DEHBA), and N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)-iso-butanamide (DEHiBA) were considered in this work for their potential to extract millimolar concentrations of Np(IV), Np(V), and Np(VI) from nitric acid solutions into organic solutions containing 1 M extractant in Exxsol D60. Under these conditions the branching of the alkyl substituents affects the extractability of Np(VI) and Np(IV), causing three of the dialkylamides, DHHA, DHOA and DEHBA, to extract neptunium in the expected order Np(VI) > Np(IV) > > Np(V). In contrast, branched DEHiBA is so poor an extractant for Np(IV) that the extraction order becomes Np(VI) > > Np(V) > Np(IV) between 0.1 and 5.6 M HNO3 due to partial oxidation of the Np(V) in nitric acid.
Mechanical properties of geopolymer foam at high temperature
Authors: Le Van Su , Szczypinski Michal M. , Hájková Pavlína , Kovacic Vladimir , Bakalova Totka , Volesky Lukas , Hiep Le Chi , Louda Petr
Published: May 2020

In this work, geopolymer foam composites containing waste basalt fibre (10, 30, and 50%wt) were exposed to elevated temperatures of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000∘C. With an increase in high temperature, the geopolymer foams material exhibits a decrease in compressive strength and bending strength. When heated above 600∘C, geopolymer foams materials exhibit a significant reduction in mechanical properties. It shows clearly with the naked eye that surface cracks in case of samples containing 10% of basalt filler. However, when increasing fillers with basalt fibres up to 30% and 50%, the cracking of the sample surface is no longer visible to the naked eye. Especially when the temperature increases, the mechanical properties also increase without decreasing in the sample of 50% by weighing to the binder. The results show that reinforcing the geopolymer foams with basalt ground fibre improves the mechanical properties at high temperatures.
Military veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a chronic pain management programme
Authors: Van Der Merwe Jannie , Brook Suzanne , Fear Claire , Benjamin Maxwell J. , Libby Gerald , Williams Amanda C. de C. , Baranowski Andrew P.
Published: May 2020

Background and aims

There is very little published evaluation of the treatment of military veterans with chronic pain, with or without post-traumatic stress disorder. Few clinical services offer integrated treatment for veterans with chronic pain and PTSD. Such veterans experience difficulty in accessing treatment for either condition: services may consider each condition as a contraindication to treatment of the other. Veterans are therefore often passed from one specialist service to another without adequate treatment. The veteran pain management programme (PMP) in the UK was established to meet the needs of veterans suffering from chronic pain with or without PTSD; this is the first evaluation.

Methods

The PMP was advertised online via veteran charities. Veterans self-referred with accompanying information from General Practitioners. Veterans were then invited for an inter-disciplinary assessment and if appropriate invited onto the next PMP. Exclusion criteria included; current severe PTSD, severe depression with active suicidal ideation, moderate to severe personality disorder, or who were unable to self-care in the accommodation available. Treatment was by a team of experienced pain management clinicians: clinical psychologist, physiotherapist, nurse, medical consultant and psychiatrist. The PMP was delivered over 10 days: five residential days then five single days over the subsequent 6 months. The PMP combines cognitive behavioural treatment, which has the strongest evidence base, with more recent developments from mindfulness-based CBT for pain and compassion-focused therapy. Standard pain management strategies were adapted to meet the specific needs of the population, recognising the tendency to use demanding activity to manage post-traumatic stress symptoms. Domains of outcome were pain, mood, function, confidence and changes in medication use.

Results

One hundred and sixty four military veterans started treatment in 19 programmes, and 158 completed. Results from those with high and low PTSD were compared; overall improvements in all domains were statistically significant: mood, self-efficacy and confidence, and those with PTSD showed a reduction (4.3/24 points on the IES-6). At the end of the programme the data showed that 17% reduced opioid medication and 25% stopped all opioid use.

Conclusions

Veterans made clinically and statistically significant improvements, including those with co-existing PTSD, who also reduced their symptom level. This serves to demonstrate the feasibility of treating veterans with both chronic pain and PTSD using a PMP model of care.

Implications

Military veterans experiencing both chronic pain and PTSD can be treated in a PMP adapted for their specific needs by an experienced clinical team.
Characterization of sandstones of eastern Slovakia
Authors: Jaroš Pavol , Vertaľ Marián
Published: May 2020

The main building material in the past was stone. Geological composition influenced the choice and type of building stone, which was used for the construction of the buildings. In eastern Slovakia sandstone was used in large quantities for its good compressive properties, good workability and aesthetic appearance. Sandstones were used for decorative but mainly construction purposes. The most common problem in historical stone structures is missing waterproofing insulation. Transmission and storage parameters of heat and water of historical materials are needed to assess the moisture condition of buildings and to correctly design measures. In this article are presented researches of sandstones properties abroad and locations of selected sandstones of eastern Slovakia, which were used for construction of historical buildings.
Assessment of the economic value of irrigation water considering achieve main crops self-sufficiency: Case study Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Eldeeb Hazem , Zelenakova Martina
Published: May 2020

The water shortage issue may put a spotlight over most of the Middle East region and push many nations to re-planning the water resources in various respects. Providing data on water’s economic value assists policymakers make informed decisions regarding water distribution. Additionally, addressing the increasing demand for all uses and building the sustainable future of agricultural and water policies. The purpose of this article is to explore and evaluate the economic value of irrigation water in Sharkia Governorate, regarded one of Egypt’s largest provinces. It also examines how to maximize the economic value of irrigation water, taking into account the self-sufficiency of main crops. Furthermore, consideration has been given to the political demands for the allocation, management and control of water resources. The simulation software Operational, Planning and Distribution Model (OPDM) was used to simulate through the studied province the accessible water distribution and crop yield. Moreover, it is used to judge the impact of irrigation water utilization and to check gross income. Furthermore, from a technical and economic point of perspective, the distinct suggestions were contrasted. The research evaluates the present crop pattern for wheat and cotton attaining a peak economic value of 1.23 EGP/m3 and 0.98 EGP/m3 of irrigation water for wheat and cotton respectively. Moreover, it reaches 0.41 EGP/m3 for rice which considered one of the highest plants in water consumption. Finally, these findings may highlight some strategic crops future development.
Improvement of cement stabilized structural lateritic with pulverized snail shell
Authors: Adetayo Oluwaseun , Amu Olugbenga , Alabi Sunday
Published: May 2020

This study investigated the suitability of pulverized snail shell (PSS) as partial replacement of cement stabilized soil in foundation constructions. Preliminary and engineering tests were carried out on the soil samples. The optimum cement content fixed at 11% in correlation to Unified Soil Classification System, the PSS was introduced at varying percentages of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. Results revealed that, addition of PSS and 11% cement to lateritic soil caused a reduction in both liquid limits and plasticity index and an increased in plastic limits for all samples. Engineering tests showed the maximum dry density at optimum cement increased from 1493.34 ± 103.58 kg.m−3 to 1632 ± 435.81 kg.m−3 for sample A; 1476.77 ± 367.51 kg.m−3 to 1668 ± 202.58 kg.m−3 for sample B; 1460.77 ± 623.58 kg.m−3 to 1651 ± 135.45 kg.m−3 for sample C. The CBR recorded highest value at 4%PSS optimum cement for all samples. The addition of pulverized snail shell increased the strength of cement stabilized lateritic soil for structural foundation construction.
Research of building structures in extreme climate conditions
Authors: Katunský Dušan , Kabošová Lenka , Dolníková Erika , Zozulák Marek
Published: May 2020

The paper provides information on the solution of project supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of VEGA of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sports of Slovak Republic and of the Slovak Academy of Sciences of Slovak Republic. There is project: VEGA 1/0674/18. This research project is programmed for the years 2018 to 2021. In this paper are presented information on the results obtained in 2019, solution of this project objectives and project solution. The results are presented in realized publications. We focused mainly on the presentation of major publications, articles in domestic and foreign journals, articles in conference proceedings with an emphasis on publications that are indexed in the WOS and SCOPUS databases.
Complex predicates and space in Dâw (Naduhup language, AM)
Authors: Obert Karolin
Published: May 2020

Complex predication is understood to be a highly productive process in Northwestern Amazonian languages in which complex predicates may be realized as compounds, verb-auxiliary constructions or serial verb constructions depending on language-internal criteria. These constructions play an important role in the organization of discourse and information packaging and can also carry out grammatical functions such as increasing or decreasing valency. In Dâw, a language from the Naduhup family, complex predicates are used to express spatial notions such as directionality and manner in complex motion events or to provide detailed of how complex predicates in Dâw function as semantic and syntactic resources used to express space in discourse in comparison to their expression in simple predicates. I provide a typology of the most frequent patterns and their respective ordering principles found in our corpus in order to understand how fine-grained spatial notions are expressed in Dâw.
The influence of religious ideology on subtitling expletives: A quantitative approach
Authors: Fakharzadeh Mehrnoosh , Dadkhah Hajar
Published: May 2020

This study is an original contribution to the field of Audio-Visual Translation. Employing a multivariate quantitative approach, it examines the effect of contextual attributes on rendering expletives from Persian to English by in-house subtitlers. The corpus for this study consists of all the Persian expletives (n = 478) in a religious-historical series and their corresponding English equivalents. Assuming that subtitlers’ choices, as in any other communicative situation, are influenced by contextual attributes and their combination, discriminant analysis is employed with an eye to justify the subtitlers’ decision-making in rendering expletives. The results reveal that the norm of toning down the drastic force of expletives applies to a large number of expletives where the receiver of the expletives is, in a significant number of cases, a religiously revered figure. This also applies where the semantic field of the Persian expletive is non-universal. Conversely, when the addressees of the expletives are negative characters, the expressions are more likely to be rendered with a drastic force equal to that of the original expletives. The reason for these two distinct expletive-rendering patterns in the audiovisual context can be further traced to the religious ideology of the translation agents.
A Research on Aero-engine Control Based on Deep Q Learning
Authors: Zheng Qiangang , Xi Zhihua , Hu Chunping , ZHANG Haibo , Hu Zhongzhi
Published: May 2020

For improving the response performance of engine, a novel aero-engine control method based on Deep Q Learning (DQL) is proposed. The engine controller based on DQL has been designed. The model free algorithm – Q learning, which can be performed online, is adopted to calculate the action value function. To improve the learning capacity of DQL, the deep learning algorithm – On Line Sliding Window Deep Neural Network (OL-SW-DNN), is adopted to estimate the action value function. For reducing the sensitivity to the noise of training data, OL-SW-DNN selects nearest point data of certain length as training data. Finally, the engine acceleration simulations of DQR and the Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) which is the most commonly used as engine controller algorithm in industry are both conducted to verify the validity of the proposed method. The results show that the acceleration time of the proposed method decreased by 1.475 second while satisfied all of engine limits compared with the tradition controller.
Hydrochloride fasudil attenuates brain injury in ICH rats
Authors: Li Limin , Lou Xiaoli , Zhang Kunlun , Yu Fangping , Zhao Yingchun , Jiang Ping
Published: May 2020

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hydrochloride fasudil (HF) in rats following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods

Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal, sham-operated, ICH, and ICH/HF. ICH was induced by injection of non-anticoagulant autologous arterial blood into the right caudate nucleus. The levels of Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) mRNA and protein around the site of the hematoma were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum were detected by ELISA. The inflammatory cells and changes in the neuronal morphology around the hematoma were visualized using hematoxylin and eosin and Nissl staining. Brain edema was measured by comparing wet and dry brain weights.

Results

Following ICH, the levels of ROCK2 were significantly increased from day 1 to day 7. The levels of ROCK2 were significantly lower in rats treated with HF than in controls. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and brain water content were significantly higher in rats treated with HF than in controls. Administration of HF significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and brain water content from day 1 to day 7. In the acute phase of ICH, a large number of neutrophils infiltrated the perihematomal areas. In comparison with the ICH group, the ICH/HF group showed markedly fewer infiltrating neutrophils on day 1. Nissl staining showed that ICH caused neuronal death and loss of neurons in the perihematomal areas at all time points and that treatment with HF significantly attenuated neuronal loss.

Conclusions

HF exerts neuroprotective effects in ICH rats by inhibiting the expression of ROCK2, reducing neutrophil infiltration and production of inflammatory cytokines, decreasing brain edema, and attenuating loss of neurons.
Coordination sequences of 2-uniform graphs
Authors: Shutov Anton , Maleev Andrey
Published: May 2020

Explicit formulas for coordination sequences of all 20 plane 2-uniform graphs are proved. The proof is based on the concept of layer-by-layer growth and on the canonical representation of geodesic chains in terms of special chains called as rays. The method works for a wide class of plane periodic graphs satisfying the following condition: for each sector of layer-by-layer growth there exists a graph vertex that is initial for two rays determining the sector. This generaizes the previous results where it is required that all vertices are initial for all rays.
Cosmological solutions in Hořava-Lifshitz scalar field theory
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos , Leon Genly
Published: May 2020

We perform a detailed study of the integrability of the Hořava-Lifshitz scalar field cosmology in a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker background space-time. The approach we follow to determine the integrability is that of singularity analysis. More specifically, we test whether the gravitational field equations possess the Painlevé property. For the exponential potential of the scalar field, we are able to perform an analytic explicit integration of the field equations and write the solution in terms of a Laurent expansion and more specifically write the solution in terms of right Painlevé series.
Pocket formula for alpha decay energies and half-lives of actinide nuclei
Authors: Manjunatha H. C. , Sridhar G. R. , Damodara Gupta P. S. , Ramalingam H. B. , Doddamani V. H.
Published: May 2020

It is important to construct the correct formula for alpha decay half-lives. The present work verifies the validity of Geiger–Nuttall law (GNL) for actinides and hence presenting the simple empirical formula for alpha decay energies and halflives for actinides based on the available experimental results. We have studied the variation of logarithmic halflives with

Z
d
n

Q

−
1

/
2

${Z}_{d}^{n}{Q}^{-1/2}$

for different values of n (0.2–1). The variation of logarithmic halflives with

Z
d
n

Q

−
1

/
2

${Z}_{d}^{n}{Q}^{-1/2}$

is found to be linear for which n = 0.6. The values produced by the present formula compared with that of experiments. The present formulae successfully produces the alpha decay half-lives and Q-value in the actinide region. This formula is specially for actinide parent nuclei only.
A rare miniature and small-scale stencil assemblage from the Gulf of Carpentaria: replication and meaning in Australian rock art
Authors: Brady Liam M. , Bradley John J. , Kearney Amanda , Wesley Daryl
Published: May 2020

Recent survey in the Gulf of Carpentaria region of northern Australia has identified a unique assemblage of miniature and small-scale stencilled motifs depicting anthropomorphs, material culture, macropod tracks and linear designs. The unusual sizes and shapes of these motifs raise questions about the types of material used for the stencil templates. Drawing on ethnographic data and experimental archaeology, the authors argue that the motifs were created with a previously undocumented stencilling technique using miniature models sculpted from beeswax. The results suggest that beeswax and other malleable and adhesive resins may have played a more significant role in creating stencilled motifs than previously thought.
Navigating the Complex Pathway of Youth Athletic Development: Challenges and Solutions to Managing the Training Load of Youth Team Sport Athletes
Authors: Scantlebury Sean , Till Kevin , Sawczuk Thomas , Phibbs Padraic , Jones Ben
Published: May 2020

The development of a youth team sport athlete is a complex process. This article outlines challenges that may restrict the optimal balance between training and recovery and provide solutions to help practitioners overcome these challenges. To facilitate positive youth athletic development, training aims must be aligned between stakeholders to synchronize periods of intensified training and recovery. Within- and between-athlete variations in weekly training load must be managed and practitioners should attempt to ensure the intended load of training equals the load perceived by the athlete. Furthermore, practitioners should be cognizant of the athletes' nonsport-related stressors to enable both academic and sporting pursuits. Although each of these challenges adds intricacy, they may be overcome through collaboration, monitoring, and, if necessary, the modification of the athletes' training load.