bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential catalase activity and tolerance to hydrogen peroxide in the filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29113 and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120
Authors: Samanta Loknath , Stensjö Karin , Lindblad Peter , Bhattacharya Jyotirmoy
Published: June 2021

Photoautotrophic cyanobacteria often confront hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive oxygen species potentially toxic to cells when present in sufficiently high concentrations. In this study, H2O2 tolerance ability of filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133 (Nostoc 29133) and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (Anabaena 7120) was investigated. Nostoc 29133 was better able to tolerate H2O2-induced inhibition of chlorophyll a and photosystem II performance, as compared to Anabaena 7120. The intracellular hydroperoxide level (indicator of oxidative status) also did not exhibit as much a rise in Nostoc 29133, as it did in Anabaena 7120 after H2O2 treatment. Accordingly, Nostoc 29133 showed higher intrinsic constitutive catalase activity than Anabaena 7120 indicating that the superior tolerance of Nostoc 29133 stems from its higher ability to decompose H2O2. It is suggested that difference in H2O2 tolerance between closely related filamentous cyanobacteria, as is borne out by this study, may be taken into account for judicious selection and effective use of strains in biotechnology.
Catalytically Active Gold Clusters with Atomic Precision for Noninvasive Early Intervention of Neurotrauma
Authors: Zhang Yunguang , Sun Si , Liu Haile , Ren Qinjuan , Hao Wenting , Xin Qi , Xu Jiangang , Wang Hao , Zhang Xiao-Dong
Published: June 2021

Background

Neurotrauma is a head or spine injury caused by external forces. It is associated with oxidative stress, caused by the overproduction of peroxides and superoxides, and that can induce wound infection and trigger a serial of immunological reactions. The emerging catalysts have shown great potential for the treatment of brain injury and inhabiting neurogenic inflammation, but are limited to biosafety issues and delivery efficiency.
Results

Herein, we propose the noninvasive delivery route to brain trauma by employing highly active gold clusters with enzyme-like activity for achieving the early intervention. The ultrasmall gold clusters with unique size distribution show excellent catalytic activity with 10 times decomposition rate to H2O2. In vitro experiment shows the gold clusters can decrease the excessive O2•− and H2O2 compared with untreated cells. In vivo experiment shows gold clusters accelerate the wound healing of brain trauma and decrease the peroxide and superoxide of brain tissue. The western blot shows noninvasive treatment can decrease the inflammatory factors via inhibiting the activation of astrocytes and microglia.
Conclusions

Present work shows noninvasive treatment is a promising route for early intervention of brain trauma.
Breast Cancer Survival in the Mammography Era in Brazil: A Population-Based Analysis of 2,715 Cases
Authors: Fernandes Juliana , Machado Beatriz , Cardoso-Filho Cassio , Nativio Juliana , Cabello Cesar , Vale Diama
Published: June 2021

Background This study aims to assess breast cancer survival rates after one decade of mammography in a large urban area of Brazil. Methods It is a population-based retrospective cohort of women with breast cancer in Campinas, São Paulo, from 2010 to 2014. Age, vital status and stage were accessed through the cancer and mortality registry, and patients records. Statistics used Kaplan-Meier, log-rank and Cox's regression. Results Out of the 2,715 cases, 665 deaths (24.5%) were confirmed until early 2020. The mean age at diagnosis was 58.6 years. Women 50-69 years were 48.0%, and stage I the most frequent (25.0%). The overall mean survival was 8.4 years (8.2-8.5). The 5-year survival (5yOS) for overall, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 years was respectively 80.5%, 87.7%, 83.7%, 83.8% and 75.5%. The 5yOS for stages 0, I, II, III and IV was 95.2%, 92.6%, 89.4%, 71.1% and 47.1%. There was no significant difference in survival in stage I or II (p=0.058). Compared to women 50-59 years, death's risk was 2.3 times higher for women 70-79 years and 26% lower for women 40-49 years. Concerning stage I, the risk of death was 1.5, 4.1 and 8.6 times higher, and 34% lower, respectively, for stage II, III, IV and 0. Conclusions In Brazil, breast cancers are currently diagnosed in the early stages, although advanced cases persist. Survival rates may reflect improvements in screening, early detection and treatment. The results can reflect the current status of other regions or countries with similar health care conditions.
A New Path Planning Strategy Based on Level Set Function for Layered Fabrication Processes
Authors: Hong Xiaoying , Xiao Guiqian , Zhang Yancheng , Zhou Jie
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a new equidistant offset filling theory based on level set function and corresponding numerical solving algorithm based on dynamic finite difference method were proposed. Firstly, the closed curve is defined as the zero-value contour of level set function. Then, the level set equation, a partial differential equation, has been built to get the level set function, and a dynamic finite difference method has been proposed to solve the level set function. Secondly, three types of cross-sections which are simple polygon, multi-island polygon and multi-hole polygon were used to test the equidistant offset filling effect of the algorithm. The test results show that the proposed theory and algorithm in this paper can well deal with the equidistant filling problem of these cross-sections. In addition, any complex section can be equidistant offset filled by the algorithm proposed in this paper, and the calculation cost is significantly related to the number of offsets, but not directly related to the section complexity. Finally, the remanufacturing of a typical crankshaft hot forging die proves that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively complete the remanufacturing repair of this kind of forging die. The surface of the die is smooth, and there are no defects such as porosity and slag inclusion after machining. Compared with the new die, the manufacturing cost can be saved more than 50%, and the efficiency of die manufacturing can be improved more than 60%. This is due to the machining allowance of the die after additive manufacturing is very small, and it can be quickly repaired on site.
Transcriptional Repressor Gal80 Recruits Corepressor Complex Cyc8-Tup1 to Structural Genes of the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae GAL Regulon
Authors: Lettow Julia , Schüller Hans-Joachim
Published: June 2021

Under non-inducing conditions (absence of galactose), yeast structural genes of the GAL regulon are repressed by Gal80, preventing interaction of Gal4 bound to UASGAL promoter motifs with general factors of the transcriptional machinery. In this work we show that Gal80 is also able to interact with histone deacetylase-recruiting corepressor proteins Cyc8 and Tup1, indicating an additional mechanism of gene repression. This is supported by our demonstration that a lexA-Gal80 fusion efficiently mediates repression of a reporter gene with an upstream lexA operator sequence. Corepressor interaction and in vivo gene repression could be mapped to a Gal80 minimal domain of 65 amino acids (aa 81-145). Site-directed mutagenesis of selected residues within this domain showed that a cluster of aromatic-hydrophobic amino acids (YLFV, aa 118-121) is important, although not solely responsible, for gene repression. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, Cyc8 and Tup1 were shown to be present at the GAL1 promoter in a wild-type strain but not in a gal80 mig1 mutant under non-inducing (derepressing) growth conditions. Expression of a GAL1-lacZ fusion was elevated in a tup1 mutant (but not in a cyc8 mutant) grown in derepressing medium, indicating that Tup1 may be mainly responsible for this second mechanism of Gal80-dependent gene repression.
PCL Scaffold Combined with Rat Tail Collagen Type I to Reduce Keratocyte Differentiation and Prevent Corneal Stroma Fibrosis after Injury.
Authors: Xu Wenhan , Kong Bin , Xie Huatao , Liu Weijian , Liu Sheng , Zhang Yanbin , Yang Fan , Xiao Jiheng , Zhang Jiaqi , Mi Shengli , Xiong Liming , Zhang Mingchang , Jiang Fagang
Published: June 2021

The cornea is one of the major refractive eye components with significant functions, and its transparency is essential for clear vision. With regard to corneal injury, the corneal epithelium has a strong self-healing ability, while the corneal stroma is not capable of total self-repair. Therefore, preventing fibrosis and reducing keratocyte differentiation after injury have always been a challenge. The severe shortage of donor corneas for transplantation and transplant rejection prompted the development of corneal tissue engineering. In this study, we fabricated a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microfibrous scaffold and infused the scaffold with rat tail collagen type I to obtain a 3D composite material. The PCL/collagen scaffold was designed to fabricate an optimal construct that simulates the stromal structure with properties that are most similar to the native cornea. The PCL scaffold has good mechanical properties, and infusion with rat tail collagen type I improved its biocompatibility. The results demonstrate that 3D composite material could reduce keratocyte differentiation, help achieve regular collagen distribution, and promote corneal repair.
Myocardial strain measured via two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in a family diagnosed with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ma Changsheng , Fan Jiali , Zhou Bingyuan , Zhao Caiming , Zhao Xin , Su Bo , Miao Yuzhu , Liao Yuping
Published: June 2021

Background: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular arrhythmias, right and/or left ventricular involvement, and fibro-fatty infiltrations in the myocardium. We report a family diagnosed with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) and depict their echocardiographic characteristics.Methods and results: Fifteen family members were divided into three groups based on whether they carried the TMEM43 mutation and had been diagnosed with ALVC, were evaluated. Eight of them had TMEM43 mutations, and four were diagnosed with ALVC according to the Padua criteria. Only the proband experienced sudden cardiac death and had a dilated left ventricle. Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in two patients, however left ventricular global longitudinal strain was depressed in three patients. Low QRS voltages in limb leads were evident in three patients, and five patients had frequent ventricular extrasystoles. Late gadolinium enhancement was evident in three patients. Left ventricular layer-specific strain showed that the transmural strain gradient ratio was increased in patients diagnosed with ALVC, and it was elevated in the genotype-positive and phenotype-negative group than in healthy individuals.Conclusion: Global left ventricular longitudinal strain evaluated left ventricular function better than left ventricular ejection fraction. The transmural strain gradient ratio was elevated in patients diagnosed with ALVC, suggesting that it was valuable for the diagnosis and evaluation of ALVC.
Role of calcium channel blocker in excessive mast cell degranulation
Authors: Datta Sagarika
Published: June 2021

Background:I present a case of a female patient, age 45 years, for whom the uncontrolled mast cell degranulation created many issues related to allergy like, skin rash, itching, breathing discomfort, frequent throat infection, GERD, migraine, fibromyalgia, peripheral neuropathy, depression, anxiety disorder, constipation etc. For the patient, it was observed that calcium channel blockers seem to control the unnecessary and uncontrolled mast cell degranulation. CCB seemed to have a role to play in mast cell degranulation.Case presentation:When the patient is taking either Flunarizine or Pregabalin or both together, the need for antihistamine and montelukast are very low. The patient suffers less throat infection while Flunarizine or Pregabalin are being taken. More the dose of Pregabalin less the occurrence of any type of allergy (food, pollen, dust etc.). The requirement of corticosteroid inhaler for breathing discomfort is also less. Frequency of body pain, migraine is minimal. Occurrence of stomach acid or GERD or digestion disorder is also very less. In terms of mood or anxiety, body is stable too. So, per day when 3 Pregabalin (75mg) were taken with 1 Amitriptyline (50mg) and 1 Duloxetine (60mg) health is completely stable with no need for H1 Blocker, H2 Blocker, Montelukast and Corticosteroid inhaler. Conclusion:CCB, specifically L-type CCB must have role in controlling the degranulation of mast cells, thus reducing all problem together at the root. But there are disadvantages like aggravated IBS (lazy gut), aggravated RLS and fluid retention (swelling of palm).We must check the use of Gabapentin and Sodium cromoglycate too. They should also control the unnecessary mast cell degranulation. Thus, fixing the problem at the root.
Physical-mechanical Properties and Radon Exhalation of Fiber-reinforced Uranium Tailings Geopolymer Solidified Bodies
Authors: Jiang Fuliang , Tan Biao , Wang Zhe , Liu Yong , Hao Yuying , Zhang Chao , Wu Haonan , Hong Changshou
Published: June 2021

Uranium tailing ponds are a potential major source of radioactive pollution. Solidification treatment of uranium tailings can control the diffusion and migration of radioactive elements in uranium tailings to safeguard the surrounding ecological environment. Literature review and field investigation were conducted in this study prior to fabricating 11 solidified uranium tailings samples with different proportions with PVA fiber, basalt fiber, metakaolin, and fly ash. The samples’ pore structure, volume resistivity, compressive strength, and radon exhalation rate variations were analyzed. The pore size of the solidified samples is mainly between 1–50 nm, the pore volume is between 0.726–1.750 cm3/g, the volume resistivity is between 1411.33-1937.33 Ω·m, and the compressive strength is between 20.61–36.91 MPa. The radon exhalation rate is between 0.0397–0.0853 Bq·m2·s− 1, which is lower than the national standard. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the physical and mechanical properties and radon exhalation rate of the solidified samples, the basalt fiber is found to outperform PVA fiber overall. The solidification effect is optimal when the 0.6% basalt fiber is added.
Avability of Essential Medicines and Inventory Management Practice at Public Health Centers in Bahirdar Town West Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2020.
Authors: Mitiku Kalkidan Worku , Mekonnen Daniel Simeneh , Haile Temesgen Ashagrie , Amsalu Menichil
Published: June 2021

Background

Essential medicines are medicines that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. These medicines are selected with due regard to disease prevalence and public health relevance, evidence of clinical efficacy and safety, and comparative costs and cost-effectiveness. Essential medicines are intended to be available within the context of functioning health systems at all times in adequate amounts, in the appropriate dosage forms, with assured quality, and at a price the individual and the community can afford.
Objective

To assess availability of essential medicine and inventory management practice at public health centers in Bahir Dar town.
Method:

Institutional based cross sectional study design conduct among six HCs in Bahir Dar town. Checklists were used according to Ems lists from the Amhara region health bureau to assess the availability of essential medicine. IMAT was used to review the essential drugs inventory records of tracer drugs and examine stock records and historical stock outs. An observational method was applied on physical stock of the inventory and the inventory record at the day of visit to check for stock availability, inventory accuracy, stock out durations and stock record variation.
Results

According to the study the average percent of time out of stock was 26.2%; the average percent of essential drugs available on the day of assessment was 74.7%. The average percentage of stock keeping records were accurate (56.7%), this study found that records were greater than physical counts (22.7%) and the average ratio of inventory variation to total stock was 33.7%.
Discussion and recommendation:

The availability of Ems in Bahirdar public health centers was poor. Inaccurate stock keeping record was observed irrespective of health centers level. For increasing inventory management: timely entries to logistic tool, updated records, updated stock status and when drugs are issued from the health facilities store room to different units, the date of issue and quantity issued being recorded on the available logistics tool were necessary.
Improved Cognitive Function and Emotional Condition Measured Using Electroencephalography in the Elderly during Horticultural Activities
Authors: Kim Seon-Ok , Pyun Su-Been , Park Sin-Ae
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the physiological and psychological effects in the elderly during horticultural and nonhorticultural activities as leisure activities. A total of 58 participants aged 65 or older (29 men and 29 women; average age, 74.0 ± 4.7) whose cognitive function was within the normal range were included in this study. Participants performed four horticultural and four nonhorticultural activities for 2 min, respectively. The study had a cross-over experimental design. Electroencephalography was performed during all the activities. Subjective evaluation of emotions was performed using the Profile of Mood States immediately after each activity. The collected statistical data were analyzed using Duncan’s test as a post-analysis of variance test to verify the differences in the results of electroencephalography and the Profile of Mood States according to the different activities. In the results of the electroencephalography, the relative beta, gamma, low-beta, and ratio of sensorimotor rhythm to theta indices indicate that the degree of brain activity in the prefrontal lobe was high during activities such as washing leaves, transplanting plants, and reading news. The results of the Profile of Mood States showed that during activities such as arranging flowers, transplanting, and washing leaves, the total mood disorder score was lowered, indicating a positive effect on the mood of the participants. This study shows that activities such as washing leaves, transplanting, and reading news have a positive effect on the cognitive function of elderly people by increasing brain activity.
The Interplay between Calcium and Strontium in Chinese Cabbage under Normal and Low Calcium Conditions
Authors: Qiu Nianwei , Tian Li , Yan Xifeng , Dong Haoyu , Zhang Mengyu , Han Guoliang , Zhou Feng
Published: June 2021

The structure and chemical properties of strontium and calcium are similar. To study the interplay between calcium and strontium in plants, different concentrations of SrCl2 (0, 1, 4, and 10 mmol·L−1) were added to the Hoagland nutrient solution with 4 mmol·L−1 Ca2+ (normal level Ca2+) or 0.4 mmol·L−1 Ca2+ (low-level Ca2+), which were used to cultivate Chinese cabbage seedlings. Under the low-level calcium condition, strontium not only did not promote the growth of Chinese cabbage but showed more severe toxicity compared with that under the normal calcium condition. Under normal calcium condition, although the growth of Chinese cabbage was significantly inhibited by 4 mmol·L−1 strontium, strontium did not show significant toxicity. However, under the low-level calcium condition, 1 mmol·L−1 strontium caused a significant decline of plant biomass and photosynthetic activity. Sr2+ showed a competitive inhibitory effect on the absorption of Ca2+, and strontium was more easily absorbed by Chinese cabbage. Under the low-level calcium condition, strontium aggravated the inhibition of calcium absorption. The inhibitory effect of strontium on plant growth was significantly related to the calcium content in Chinese cabbage. Strontium cannot replace the function of calcium in plants under calcium-deficient conditions.
Long-term Organic Production Systems in Northern Highbush Blueberry: Placing Weed Mat over Existing Organic Mulches and Changing to Nitrogen-only Fertilizer Sources Increased Yield
Authors: Davis Amanda J. , Strik Bernadine C.
Published: June 2021

In long-lived organic blueberry production systems, nutrient imbalances caused by some fertilization and mulching practices can reduce plant growth and yield. The ability to balance nutrient levels and thus improve productivity over time was evaluated in a mature planting of ‘Duke’ and ‘Liberty’ that had been used to study different mulching practices [sawdust (9-cm deep), yard-debris compost (4-cm) topped with sawdust (5-cm), and weed mat] and various rates and sources of N fertilizer (feather meal or fish solubles, each applied initially at “low” or “high” rates of 29 and 57 kg·ha−1 N in 2007–08 and then increased incrementally as the planting matured to 73 and 140 kg·ha−1 N in 2013–16). In Winter 2016–17, existing weed mat was removed and replaced where it was present, and new weed mat was installed on top of any existing organic mulches, thus changing the mulch treatments to weed mat (over bare soil), weed mat over sawdust, and weed mat over compost + sawdust from 2017 to 2020. A hydrolyzed soy-protein–based fertilizer containing essentially only N was applied at a moderate rate (106 kg·ha−1 N) relative to prior treatments. Plants grown on flat and raised beds were evaluated separately. From 2016 to 2020, yield of ‘Duke’ and ‘Liberty’ increased by an average of 19% and 56%, respectively, on flat beds and 8% and 42%, respectively, on raised beds. On flat or raised beds, plants that had weed mat placed over the existing sawdust or compost + sawdust mulch had a greater increase in yield (averaging 41%) than those with weed mat alone (over bare soil; averaging 12%). Soil under weed mat alone continued to have the lowest organic matter content (averaging 3%) throughout the study. Prior fertilization source and rate had no impact on the increase in yield of ‘Duke’, whereas ‘Liberty’ plants previously fertilized with feather meal had a larger increase in yield through 2020 than those fertilized with fish solubles. Fertilizing with an intermediate rate of N from 2017 to 2020 increased yield regardless of whether plants received the low or high N rate from 2007 to 2016, confirming our previous conclusion that the low rate provided sufficient N. Soil K and leaf %K declined after discontinuing fertilization with fish solubles and use of yard-debris compost, likely a factor in yield improvement. However, there were still negative correlations between yield and leaf %K in multiple years. This study illustrated that changing mulch and fertility practices in established organic blueberry to mitigate prior applications of high K can improve plant performance, nutrient imbalances, and yield within a relatively short period of time.
Results of clinical approbation of information leaflet for patients treated with intravitreal injections of drugs
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Zaytseva O. V. , Bobykin E. V. , Fursova A. Zh. , Nechiporenko P. A. , Krokhalev V. Y. , Morozova O. V. , Sutyushev R. M.
Published: June 2021

Intravitreal injection (IVI) is a drug delivery method, widely used in modern ophthalmology. To increase the awareness of patients receiving treatment in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation, the Expert Council on Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases of the Association of Ophthalmologists, an All-Russian Public Organization in 2020 proposed a leaflet “Intravitreal injections (information for patients)”.

Purpose: to conduct a clinical assessment of the leaflet by multicenter anonymous surveying of patients.

Material and methods. Patients who had experienced IVI treatment were asked to read the leaflet for 20 minutes and then answer 12 questions of the specially designed questionnaire. 93 patients were interviewed in clinics in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg and Novosibirsk: of these, 57 (61.3%), the average age of all patients was 63.9 years, the most common diagnosis was neovascular age-related macular degeneration (52 cases, 55.9%), the experience of previous treatment ranged from 1 to 104 months.

Results. The leaflet had a positive response from the patients (91.4% of the questionnaires received “excellent” and “good” ratings), 90.3% patients reported that the information contained was fully or largely consistent with their experience of IVI treatment. The overwhelming majority of respondents (88.2%) did not experience any difficulties in reading the leaflet. At the same time, the patients revealed insufficient awareness on issues related to the treatment. Also, the patients showed insufficient awareness of issues concerning their health: only 20 (21.5%) respondents could answer all five questions of the questionnaire about the understanding of the relevant information, and 31 patients (33.3%) could answer four questions. This fact emphasizes the importance of information support for the patient.

Conclusion. The clinical assessment of the leaflet “Intravitreal injections (information for patients)”, which contains brief information about what the procedure is, contraindications, preparation details, symptoms of the postoperative period that require urgent assistance, allows us to recommend the leaflet for use in the clinical healthcare practice of the Russian Federation.
An information leaflet for patients receiving treatment by intravitreal drug injections. Recommendations of the Expert Council on retinal and optic nerve diseases of the Association of Ophthalmologists, an All-Russian public organization
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Korotkikh S. A. , Bobykin E. V. , Zaytseva O. V. , Lisochkina A. B. , Brovkina A. F. , Budzinskaya M. V. , Gatsu M. V. , Grigoryeva N. N. , Izmaylov A. S. , Karlova E. V. , Kovalevskaya M. A. , Nechiporenko P. A. , Panova I. E. , Ryabtseva A. A. , Simonova S. V. , Tultseva S. N. , Fursova A. Zh. , Shadrichev F. E. , Shishkin M. M.
Published: June 2021

The widespread introduction of intravitreal drug injections into clinical practice has highlighted a number of issues to be solved, including the risk of serious complications, the treatment burden on patients and the patient’s insufficient adherence to treatment, as well as a significant effect on the healthcare cost and effort. One of the ways to resolve the issues is to increase the patients’ awareness concerning the therapy they are about to receive, which contributes to the patients’ understanding of the details of treatment and enables them to make correct decisions. The best option of presenting such information to the patient is to provide them with a written document. The Expert Council on Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases of the All-Russian Association of Ophthalmologists has developed, approved and tested an information brochure for patients who receive intravitreal injections. It offers brief information on what the procedure is, contraindications, details of preparation, and symptoms, both common ones and those requiring emergency assistance. The paper outlines the results of the study and presents a layout of an information leaflet for patients recommended for use in the Russian Federation.
P. CHEYNE, A. HAMILTON, M. PADDISON (EDS.) PHILOSOPHY OF RHYTHM: AESTHETICS, MUSIC, POETICS. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019 ISBN 978-0-19-934778-0
Authors:   Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Latvia, KIVLE INETA ,   Academic Library, University of Latvia
Published: June 2021

The review provides an outline of the collective monograph The Philosophy of Rhythm: Aesthetics, Music, Poetics, edited by Peter Cheyne, Andy Hamilton and Max Paddison, published by Oxford University Press, 2019. Concept of rhythm is analysed from different perspectives—philosophical, musicological and psychological. It considers a multidisciplinary approach and also includes both analytic and continental philosophical traditions. Rhythm is viewed as a pulse that is going through various metric structures including particular pieces of music, paintings, examples of poetry and philosophy. Twenty eight authors from the entire world discuss rhythm and specify definitions of rhythm. They try to give answers on crucial questions uniting experienced rhythm in philosophy and arts, thus giving an important contribution to rhythm studies. The book is organised thematically and based on different aspects of rhythm manifestations. The main questions of the research are as follows: How is rhythm experienced? Does rhythm necessarily involve movement? Why rhythm is so deeply rooted in human? How can static configurations be rhythmic? How does a rhythmic structure change from a stable pattern to a flexible texture? All these questions concern two interwoven issues common for the volume in general: immanence of rhythm to arts and human experience of it.
SICHÜBERLIEFERUNG: RE-MOVING THE HISTORY OF BEING AS PRESENCE
Authors:   School of Global Studies, Tama University, MURATA-SORACI KIMIYO
Published: June 2021

How are we to responsively belong to tradition? This paper retrieves the concept of self-tradition (Sichüberlieferung) in Heidegger’s magnum opus Being and Time (1927). We will take as a guiding light Heidegger’s designation of a mode of his phenomenology as “phenomenology of the inapparent” expressed in the 1973 Zähringen Seminar. We will pay special heed to the function of the middle voice, neutrality of Da-sein, and tautology in the question of Being and history and bring to light the relation between authentic temporality and authentic historicity in a tautological turning of the selfsame. We will make a remark on the delay of Da-sein’s authentic historicity in the light of the “self-tradition” which marks Heidegger’s non-metaphysical response to the heritage of metaphysics of presence. In the wake of the phenomenology of the inapparent, we will turn to Derrida’s 2008 text The Animal that Therefore I Am to explore Derrida’s different approach to free the “I am” from that of Heidegger’s Dasein whose being is set in Jeweilig-Jemeinigkeit. We will show how Derrida’s invention of animot enables him and us to speak with the voices of our non-human animal others and enables us to free ourselves from the fixities of presence of the present in our thought, language, and sensitivity. In a relay of the two philosophers’ reading of us and their ways of self-overcoming of man as rational animal, we will learn to be in question and to learn to relate to one another without reducing one to the other and other to the one.
NORMS AS A MEDIUM: PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH IN ANALYSING THE PERCEPTION OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, JANKOVSKIS ĢIRTS
Published: June 2021

The concept of norms within philosophical texts is an ambiguous phenomenon. On the one hand, it could be viewed as a certain mode of perception, but on the other hand, norms themselves are an object of thought. Viewed from the phenomenological perspective norms determine the potential appearance of the object of perception. The aim of this article is to emphasize the role of norms as a medium and from the perspective of phenomenology. To do this, the article answers three questions; firstly, the question about the application of phenomenology (more specifically Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)) in the analysis of social media perception, secondly, the question about the separation of subjective experience from lived experience. This distinction is essential in the context of the study to understand what kind of descriptive forms can be expected from this type of study. Thirdly, the relationship between norms and normality and their presentation on social media is considered. In this context, norms appear as a medium. The article is based on the research project “Philosophical Analysis of Information Perception in Social Media.” In discussing norms as a medium, the article pays significant attention to theoretical evaluation of the method. When confronted with everyday experience it emerges as a multi-layered phenomenon that holds various contradictions, and in trying to understand them attention must be paid to the problem of thought-forming. Norms as a medium are understood in comparison with language. Language obscures itself in being there, but the moment it is studied it disappears into the abstraction of the word “language.” Norms, on the one hand, are presented as an object of reflection, but at the same time its’ form and boundaries of presentation are determined by the norms themselves. Norms are like a medium, like a screen through which what is happening is perceived.
Private assets for public benefit: the challenge of long-term management of domestic rainwater tanks
Authors: Bos Darren G.
Published: June 2021

This study explored the relationship private landowners have with their domestic rainwater tank and how that relationship influences the reliability of privately operated rainwater tanks for long-term performance and delivery of service. It found that tank owners generally placed a high value on their tank, desired to have them fully operational and made a reasonable effort to keep them functioning. However, the frequency and extent of maintenance action and effort was variable, and in the context of a private residence, rainwater tanks were typically afforded a low relative priority for repair when compared with other residential assets. This low relative priority could be a primary driver for the reported delay between when a fault occurs with the tank and when it is repaired. This ‘repair lag’ means that a portion of domestic rainwater tanks are likely to be non-operational at any one time. When planning a decentralised system for the management of stormwater, redundancies should be included to cover these gaps in service delivery. It is also recommended that programmes that support private landowners to maintain their rainwater tanks are implemented to minimise repair lag.
Ultrasound-Based Drug Delivery System
Authors: Ren Wei-Wei , Xu Shi-Hao , Sun Li-Ping , Zhang Kun
Published: June 2021

:

Cancer still represents a leading threat to human health worldwide. The effective usage of
anti-cancer drugs can reduce patients’ clinical symptoms and extend life-span survival time. Current
anti-cancer strategies include chemotherapy, traditional Chinese medicine, biopharmaceuticals, and the
latest targeted-therapy. However, due to the complexity and heterogeneity of tumor, serious side effects
may result from the direct use of anti-cancer drugs. Besides, the current therapeutic strategies failed to
effectively alleviate metastasized tumors. Recently, ultrasound-mediated nano-drug delivery system has
become an increasingly important treatment strategy. Due to its abilities to enhance the efficacy and
reduce toxic and side effects, it has become a research hotspot in the field of biomedicine. In this review,
we introduced the latest research progress of the ultrasound-responsive nano-drug delivery systems,
and the possible mechanisms of ultrasound acting on the carrier to change the structure or conformation,
as well as to realize the controlled release. In addition, the progress in ultrasound responsive
nano-drug delivery systems will also be briefly summarized.
miR-1-3p/CELSR3 Participates in Regulating Malignant Phenotypes of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Miao Huiwen , Zeng Qingxin , Xu Shaohua , Chen Zhoumiao
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

This study presents a discussion regarding the mechanism affecting the malignant
progression of LUAD and the potential therapeutic targets, so as to provide more effective
therapeutic strategies for LUAD patients.

Methods:

Expression data from TCGA-LUAD were extracted to identify target miRNA, with its
downstream target mRNA predicted using bioinformatics analysis. Gene expression in transcript
level and protein level were separately examined by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell malignant
phenotypes were assessed via MTT and Transwell assays. Luciferase reporter plasmids carrying target
gene sequences were constructed to verify the targeting association between the target miRNA
and its downstream mRNA.

Results:

miR-1-3p showed decreased expression in LUAD. Over-expressing miR-1-3p suppressed
cancer cells to proliferate, migrate and invade. CELSR3, directly regulated by miR-1-3p, presented
significantly elevated expression in LUAD and could foster LUAD cells to proliferate, migrate and
invade. The rescue experiment identified that miR-1-3p-induced inhibition on LUAD cell malignant
phenotypes could be reversed by over-expressing CELSR3.

Conclusion:

This study uncovered that miR-1-3p could suppress the malignant phenotypes of LUAD
cells by targeting CELSR3, which will help to provide novel therapeutic strategies for LUAD
sufferers and new references for the targeted therapy of LUAD.
Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Field - A Critical Review
Authors: Shanbhogue Maithri H. , Thirumaleshwar Shailesh , Tegginamath Pramod Kumar , Somareddy Hemanth Kumar
Published: June 2021

:

Artificial intelligence is an emerging sector in almost all fields. It is not confined only to
a particular category and can be used in various fields like research, technology, and health. AI
mainly concentrates on how computers analyze data and mimic the human thought process. As
drug development involves high R & D costs and uncertainty in time consumption, artificial intelligence
can serve as one of the promising solutions to overcome all these demerits. Due to the availability
of enormous data, there are chances of missing out on some crucial details. To solve these issues,
algorithms like machine learning, deep learning, and other expert systems are being used. On
successful implementation of AI in the pharmaceutical field, the delays in drug development, failure
at the clinical and marketing level can be reduced. This review comprises information regarding
the development of AI, its subfields, its overall implementation, and its application in the pharmaceutical
sector and provides insights on challenges and limitations concerning AI.
Association of Dietary Habits with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Elderly in Rural Area of North China
Authors: Duan Huilian , Sun Changqing , Zhu Yun , Liu Qian , Du Yue , Lin Hongyan , Jin Mengdi , Fu Jingzhu , Ma Fei , Li Wen , Liu Huan , Yan Jing , Chen Yongjie , Wang Guangshun , Huang Guowei
Published: June 2021

Background:

Recent findings suggest a possible role of diet, particularly nutrient intakes
and dietary patterns, in the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI); few studies, however,
have been explicitly devoted to the relationship between dietary habits and MCI.

Objectives:

We aimed to explore the association between dietary habits, including meal timing,
and MCI among older Chinese adults.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study involved data collected at the baseline of the Tianjin Elderly
Nutrition and Cognition Cohort (TENCC) study, in which 3,111 community-dwelling older adults
(326 MCI patients and 2,785 non-MCIs) from a rural area of Tianjin, China, were recruited. In
March 2018 to June 2019, all participants underwent a detailed neuropsychological evaluation that
allowed for psychometric MCI classification. Information on self-reported dietary behaviors was
gathered via face-to-face interviews. Crude and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression models.

Results:

In the multivariable-adjusted models, eating breakfast 4 to 6 times per week (vs. ≤3 times
per week, OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.75), drinking water before breakfast (yes vs. no, OR: 0.64;
95% CI: 0.51, 0.82), consuming water ≥1.5L per day (vs. <1.5L per day, OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51,
0.82), and having lunch after 12:00 (vs. before 12:00, OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.75) were associated
with decreased risk of MCI. Participants who consumed higher amounts of cooking oil were at a
higher risk of MCI (moderate vs. low, OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.92; high vs. low, OR: 1.40; 95%
CI: 1.07-1.83).

Conclusion :

This study suggests that dietary habits, including breakfast frequency, daily water
consumption, cooking oil consumption, and meal timing, may be associated with the risk of MCI.
If replicated, these findings would open new possibilities of dietary interventions for MCI.
Identification of Stress-induced miRNAs and their Targets in Solanum lycopersicum
Authors: Dilshad Erum , Nooruddin Zainab , Shaukat Shadab , Munir Anum , Bakhtiar Syeda Marriam , Ismail Hammad
Published: June 2021

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that are
roughly 18-22 nucleotides long. They play important roles in different natural procedures. As of
now, little is known about their role in plant stress. The use of computational homology-based techniques
for Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) with the Ambros exact method and other structural
component criteria is a rational approach for the disclosure and confinement of conserved miRNAs
from several species.

Aims:

The study aimed to identify novel stress induced miRNAs in tomato, using a computational
approach.

Methods:

We used previously known sequences of mature miRNAs of different plants; Vitis, Oryza,
Triticum and Sorghum for the prediction of potential novel miRNAs in tomatoes. The hairpin
strucutres of miRNAs were predicted, their functional annotations were performed, and the targeted
genes were identified.

Results:

Only two miRNAs were predicted and validated to be novel belonging to the family of
miRNA1301. The expression analysis of the novel miRNAs showed their significant role in the
growth and development of the respective tissues. We have found that the miRNAs in the leaf are
highly conserved related to the seed. This discovery significantly broadens the understanding of the
functions of miRNA in tomatoes. MiR1301 was found to play a role in transcriptional activation and
transporter activity, also involved in ubiquitin-protein ligase translation and transcription. 7 potential
targets were predicted for the two identified miRNAs.

Conclusion:

Identification of new miRNAs and their target genes will establish the potential
roadmap for understanding the core regulatory interactions during abiotic stress in S. Lycopersicum.
Three-Dimensional Node Localization Algorithm Based on Communication
Radius Refinement and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Jia Songhao , Yang Cai , Zhang Haiyu
Published: June 2021

Background:

With the development of the Internet of things, WSN node positioning is
particularly important as its core technology. One of the most widely used algorithms, the DV-hop
algorithm, has many advantages, such as convenient operation, use of no additional equipment,
etc. At the same time, it also has some disadvantages, like large location error and insufficient
robustness. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is advantageous in dealing with nonlinear
optimization problems. Therefore, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is
introduced to solve the problem of inaccurate positioning.

Objective:

Aiming at the problem of large positioning error in the three-dimensional node
localization algorithm, the paper proposes an intelligent node localization algorithm based on hop
distance adjustment. The algorithm is used to optimize the hop number of nodes and make the
distance calculation more accurate. At the same time, particle swarm optimization is used to
intelligently solve the problem of choosing the most valuable node position.

Methods:

Firstly, this paper analyzed the errors caused by the 3D DV-hop localization algorithms.
Then, a new method of distance estimation and coordinate calculation is provided. At the same
time, mutation factors and learning factor based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm are
introduced. Then, a three-dimensional node localization algorithm based on ranging error
correction and particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Finally, the improved algorithm
is simulated and compared with similar algorithms.
The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has good convergence and improves the
positioning accuracy without additional hardware conditions, and effectively solves the problem of
inaccurate node positioning.

:

The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has good convergence and improves the
positioning accuracy without additional hardware conditions, and effectively solves the problem of
inaccurate node positioning.

Results:

The proposed algorithm creatively combines the hop number correction and particle
swarm optimization algorithm to improve the accuracy of node positioning and robustness.
However，the amount of computation is increased.

Conclusion:

Overall, it is within acceptable limits. It is worthwhile to improve the performance
with a little increase in the amount of computation. The algorithm is worth popularizing.
CORRECTION OF TESTES AGE CHANGES RATS THROUGH GADOLINIUM ORTOVANADAT IN NANOFORM
Authors: Koreneva E. M. , Karpenko N. A. , Laryanovskaya Yu. B. , Belkina I. O. , Klochkov V. K. , Yefimova S. L. , Karachentsev Yu. I.
Published: June 2021

During this period, the greatest amount of obtained nanomaterials based on transition of rare earth metals, some of which have significant biological activity. In particular, vanadium compounds have expressive insulin-mimetic action and gadolinium orthovanadate (GdVO4) in nanoform capable in aging laboratory animals inhibit the development of age-related changes, namely a gradual increase (in the physiological range) age glucose level, body weight, reduction of the nervous system reactions and increases the sperm concentration. Given the urgency of anti-aging drug development focus, found a positive effect on spermatogenesis and the lack of information on the effect of this compound on the functional state of the gonads, studied morphofunctional status and endocrine function of the testes in older (18–18.5 months) male rats in long-term (70 days) using nanoparticles (NP) based on GdVO4 dose of 0.33 mg/kg body weight. It was establish the positive effect on bass GdVO4 testicular hormonal function, as evidenced by an increase in serum testosterone (56.3 % at 60 days compared to the injection on the 20th day). It was not found gonadotoxical impact bass GdVO4, as in the seminiferous tubules of the main animals present full pool of germ cells spermatogenesis. Morphometric parameters of glands histological structure indicate the activation of spermatogenesis, which may be due to increasing activity of hormone-producing testes of animals after chronic use NPs GdVO4.
CONTEMPORARY PREVENTION AREAS OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS: THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY PHYSICIAN
Authors: Korzh O. M.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the features of the activities of the family doctor in the conduct of preventive measures against the development of diabetes and its complications. It is shown that the basis of therapeutic and preventive activities determined by a complex effect on the risk factors and implementation of optimal pharmacotherapy. The identification and modification of risk factors for cardiovascular disease is a major challenge facing the general practitioners, family medicine. The family doctor should take a proactive stance in relation to early recognition of risk factors. New technology to physicians and patients could help in the formation, monitoring and improving results. Essential is a multi-modal education of patients and healthcare professionals in the understanding of diseases, risk assessment and treatment.