bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency among Patients with Favism Symptoms in Kerman City, Southern Iran
Authors: Kamali Mohadeseh , Taheri Sarvtin Mehdi
Published: June 2023

Background and Aims: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is humans’ most common erythrocyte enzyme defect. About 400 million people are estimated to be affected by this disorder worldwide. Antimalarial drugs, especially primaquine, and other oxidative stress, can cause hemolytic complications in G6PD deficient individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Kerman City in southern Iran.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2016 to 2021. Blood samples were taken from all patients with symptoms of G6PD deficiency who were referred to a general hospital in Kerman City in southern Iran. The G6PD enzyme activity was measured qualitatively by fluorescent spot test.
Results: A total of 6369 patients were included in this study. G6PD deficiency was seen in 424 (6.7%) subjects. Of 424 patients, 359 (84.7%) were severely G6PD deficient, and 65 (15.3%) patients exhibited partial deficiency. G6PD deficiency was seen in 324 (9.3%) males and 100 (3.4%) females (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The results of our study confirmed the existence of G6PD deficiency in a significant percentage of patients in Kerman City. Therefore, many people in this city are exposed to hemolytic complications if they use antimalarial drugs and other oxidative substances. According to our results, testing G6PD deficiency and monitoring the potential primaquine toxicity in patients who receive primaquine are highly recommended.
A dialog on common morality in medical ethics in a pluralist setting in Iran: a qualitative content analysis
Authors: Zahedi Ladannaz , Larijani Bagher , Javadi Mohsen , Aawani Shahin , Jafari Seyed Abdosaleh , Joodaki Kobra , Rashidpouraie Roya , Saeedi Tehrani Saeedeh
Published: June 2023

The concept of common morality is fundamental in medical ethics, and lack of universal content and characteristics of common morality is a product of its multifaceted nature. This study aimed to identify the ideas and experiences of academic faculties regarding common morality in a pluralistic setting to promote conceptual knowledge and strengthen moral reasoning and ethical decision-making.
The study was conducted using a qualitative method, employing semi-structured in-depth interviews with thirteen faculty members who were selected purposively. In order to assess their ideas and experiences, the transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using the content analysis method through directed and conventional approaches. The interviews were coded manually.
Two themes were reflected in the interviews: ontology and epistemology of common morality.
The study indicates that the debate about the subjective or objective dependence of common morality questions the coherence of Beauchamp and Childress' common morality (CM) theory, as common morality is the result of various individual and social factor that influence moral thinking and decision-making in pluralistic environments. Additional studies are needed in order to investigate the effect of cultural, social, theoretical, ideological and individual factors on promoting clinical ethical reasoning and decision-making skills.
Importance of Sleep Health in the Non-communicable Diseases and its Outcomes on the health Care System
Authors: Sadeghniiat-Haghighi KH , Akbarpour S , Forouzan N , Amirifard H , Najafi A
Published: June 2023

Sleep medicine is one of the new and leading branches of medical knowledge. During the past two decades, it has got a special position in the countries' health programs due to the development and identification of more effective diagnostic and management methods, and the identification of the adverse consequences of overlooked sleep disorders on the community's health. It is included in many countries' health programs in industrialized and developed countries such as the United States, South American countries, Australia, Europe, and China.
Sleep disorders with a variety of more than 80 types of diseases constitute complicated, high-risk, and costly diseases that affect the public health system. The prevalence and adverse consequences of these disorders could be reduced by implementing sleep health and appropriate preventive measures. Furthermore, it should be noted that if patients with these disorders are diagnosed correctly and on time, there would be effective management modalities in the world and the country (1). This letter had explained the importance of sleep health and its association with non-communicable diseases, associated consequences, and the urgent need to pay attention to sleep health and sleep disorders in the public health system.
Comparative study of the saddle chair with two other conventional types of chair on the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and perceived comfort in dentists
Authors: Alinezhad A , Ghasemi MS , Dehghan N , Soltani Gerdfaramarzi R
Published: June 2023

Introduction: dentists often have to adopt awkward, asymmetric, static postures and tilt their heads forward while working. If this situation continues for a long time every day, it leads to excessive pressure on the involved muscles and joints and causes symptoms such as pain and discomfort, especially in the neck, shoulders, back, and waist. Considering the importance of prevention, and early treatment of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists, this research investigates the effect of three types of chairs used in dentistry on the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and the comfort perceived by dentists using each chair.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conveyed in Tehran, the capital city of Iran. The present study includes a survey of a group of 70 male dentists. In this study, three types of chairs were compared. To evaluate body comfort, Corlette, and Bishop’s local discomfort questionnaire was used. The RULA method was used to determine the risk of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders and to assess each dentist's body condition.
Results: The highest level of comfort was reported in the saddle model chair (the difference in the average intensity of discomfort before and after the work shift in the whole body = 12.39), the third type chair (13.04), and the second type chair (18/76). The dentists' posture evaluation results showed that the final score of RULA in three types of chairs varies from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 7.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the average intensity of discomfort in the whole body after using the saddle chair compared to the state before using it has significantly decreased compared to the other two types of chairs, which implies the positive effect of using the saddle chair in reducing musculoskeletal discomfort. The results of posture evaluation indicate that the use of the saddle chair, compared to the other two chairs, improves the working conditions and facilitates the work.
The Effectiveness of Virtual Anger Management Training Using the Cognitive Behavioral Method on Anger Rumination, Mental Health, Work-Family Conflict, and Interpersonal Relationships
Authors: Aliasghari F , Farhadi H
Published: June 2023

Introduction: In recent years, the work environment has gained great importance and has been considered as a suitable place for health improvement activities. The work environment provides opportunities and suitable facilities to influence people's lives. The present research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of virtual anger management with Cognitive behavioral methodology using the cognitive behavioral method on anger rumination, mental health, work-family conflict  and interpersonal relationships.
Materials and Methods: The research method was a semi-experimental research method with control groups and pre-test-post-test. The statistical population included all secondary school female teachers in Isfahan city in the academic year of 2021-2020, 30 female teachers were selected by random sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group underwent 60-minute virtual anger management training and the control group remained on the waiting list. Both groups were evaluated in the pre-test and post-test stages by Sakhodolsky et al.'s (2001) anger rumination, shortened form of the SCL-90 inventory, work-family conflict questionnaire (Carlson et al., 2000) and Interpersonal Relationship Quality Questionnaire (Pierce et al., 1991). In order to analyze the data, statistical methods and SPSS version 23 software and multivariate covariance and single covariance analysis were used.
Results: The findings showed that the virtual training of anger management on rumination of anger and its dimensions, thoughts of anger, thoughts of revenge, memories of anger and knowing the causes are equal to 44.7, 16.9, 23.2 and 45.5 percent of the variance, respectively. , mental health is 43.3% of the variance, work-family conflict is 37.2% of the variance, and interpersonal relationships and its dimensions have a significant effect of 65.2% of the variance (p<0.01).
Conclusion: As a result, virtual anger management training as an effective therapy can help to improve mental health. Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and psychologists pay special attention to anger management virtual training to reduce anger rumination and work-family conflict and increase mental health and interpersonal relationships.
Women Roles and Conditions in Sefi Atta’s Everything Good Will Come and Chinua Achebe’s Anthills of the Savannah
Authors: MATONGO NKOUKA Anicet Odilon
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the portrayal of women in Sefi Atta’s Everything Good Will Come and Chinua Achebe’s Anthills of the Savannah. The objective is to show the ways women are considered and treated. This study is exerted within a literary frame, thus, in order to analyze the issue of women roles and conditions, and to establish a better understanding of the topic, the research methodologies applied include the analytical and the descriptive paradigms; the sociological approach and gender theory are the  suitable for this study. The analysis results in men’s believe in their superiority over women. This fact dominates the public sphere, and makes sex a principle in defining gender roles. The novels selected deal with African women who endure all forms of subjugation, persecution, and humiliation. The authors assign powerful roles to women and make them stand against male chauvinism to exemplify the concept of new women. They fight against any behaviour and traditions that existed in the past and oppressed women.
Evaluation of umbilical cord blood hematological parameters in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Authors: DEMİR Mustafa Bertan , AK Mehmet , DAĞLITUNCEZDİ ÇAM Şeyma , CÜNDÜBEY Cevat Rifat
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The present study attempted to evaluate the relationship between fetal growth restriction (FGR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in singleton term pregnancy.
Methods: We carried out this prospective, case-control study at a Training and Research Hospital in Türkiye between May 2021 and January 2023. We utilized ultrasonography to assess singleton pregnancy with FGR between 37-40 weeks of gestation and considered the patients’ last menstrual periods (LMD).
Results: We recruited 250 pregnant women in the study and divided them into the FGR (n = 125) and healthy control (n = 125) groups. Our findings revealed no significant difference between the groups by age, body mass index (BMI), stillbirth history, abortion, tobacco use, and regular pregnancy monitoring (p > 0.05). Fetal birth weights and hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were also similar between the groups. Yet, 1- and 5-minute APGAR scores were significantly lower in the FGR group than in the control group. In addition, compared to the healthy subjects, the FGR group had significantly increased white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet counts and NLR and PLR values, but mean platelet volume (MPV) remained similar.
Conclusions: In a nutshell, our findings suggested that two noteworthy inflammatory markers, NLR and PLR, are likely to elevate in the presence of FGR.
Musculoskeletal pain and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a single-center study
Authors: ERSOY YEŞİL Ezgi , PEHLİVAN Özlem , TOPRAK Zeki , KAYABAŞI Hasan , ŞİT Dede
Published: June 2023

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to research the frequency of musculoskeletal manifestations of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment, and evaluate the relationship between quality of life and musculoskeletal manifestations of these patients.
Methods: Patients undergoing hemodialysis for at least 6 months were included in our study. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire that formed by the investigators including demographic, clinical features, and musculoskeletal symptoms that frequently seen in patients who receive hemodialysis. Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form Version 1.3 (KDQOL-SF 1.3) and Short Form Health Survey (SF 36) questionnaires were completed by the patients and the control group. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), parathormone (PTH), ferritin, calcium, phosphate, hemoglobin, and Kt/V were measured. Also, the patients were divided into two subgroups according to musculoskeletal symptoms and these subgroups were compared in terms of dialysis adequacy, quality of life scoring and laboratory findings.
Results: Seventy-four patients (42 males, 32 females) were enrolled in our study. The mean age of the patients was 60.85 ± 12.29 years. Six-five (87.83%) patients had musculoskeletal symptoms. There was statistically major difference in terms of smoking between subgroups (p = 0.046). We did not detect any correlation between two groups in terms of Kt/V (p = 0.411). Pain in shoulder/neck (41.9%), pain in limbs (58.1%) and pain in back (56.8%) were the most detected musculoskeletal symptoms of the patients. There was statistically significant difference between genders in terms of joint swelling, muscle cramps, pain in limbs, back and neck /shoulder (p = 0.015, p = 0.001, p = 0.008, p = 0.001, and p = 0.004, respectively). We detected that all subunits of KDQOL scores were higher in control group than patients who were included in our study. There was statistically significant relation between emotional role and energy subunits of KDQOL scores and CRP (p = 0.031 and p = 0.025, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of our study were not as significant as the results of similar studies, however they are valuable because they show demographic, clinical characteristics, and quality of life of patients receiving hemodialysis in our region.
Choice of Traits for Seed Yield Improvement based on Association Analysis Studies in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Sundari K. Sudha , Vasline Y. Anitha , Saravanan K.
Published: June 2023

Background: Sesame is an ancient oilseed crop of India popular for its drought resistance and stable healthy oil which is easy to extract. Information regarding the genetic association of plant traits with grain yield is of great importance to breeders in selecting suitable genotypes. Hence, the present study is based on simple measures of variability and genetic variance to identify suitable genotypes for further improvement. Methods: The experiment was carried out at Student’s Farm, Department of Agriculture, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad during Kharif 2021. Sixty genotypes of the Sesamum crop were studied for 13 quantitative and qualitative traits. Result: Analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes were significant (P 0.05 and P 0.01) for all of the traits studied. A positive significant correlation at the genotypic level was observed for the character 1000 seed weight (0.222) with grain yield. A positive correlation between desirable traits is encouraging to the plant breeder as it helps in the simultaneous improvement of both traits. Positive direct effects were highest for the character 1000 seed weight (0.866) followed by the number of capsules per axil (0.660) on grain yield. This study would help to select the genotypes that have a strong association among traits.
Identification of SSR Molecular Markers for Jassid Resistance in Cotton
Authors: Venkatesulu Sridhar , Makula Satya Prasad , Satiha Mahantesh Basetteppa , Puligundlal Satish Kumar , Srikanth Koigoora
Published: June 2023

Background: This study has focussed on identifying the Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers associated with the sucking pests (more precisely on jassid) tolerance/resistance loci. The study was initiated with 4348 mapped SSR markers to differentiate between resistant (R-1) and susceptible (BS-1) genotypes. Out of 4348 markers (retrieved from cotton microsatellite database and cottongen.org) used,17 markers were showing polymorphism between the parental lines. Methods: The F1 population was generated by crossing Resistant line (R-1) and the elite Susceptible line (Bs-1). F1 progeny were selfed to obtain F2 population. Following the screening, to identify the SSR markers associated with trait, Single Marker Analysis was performed. Result: The results indicated that two of the seventeen polymorphic markers - BL1646 and DOW047 had significant LoD of 4.5 and 7.2 respectively and PVE% of 6.6 and 10.3 respectively. Hence, these were identified as the two markers associated with jassid resistance trait having the potential for their use in marker assisted selection (MAS).
Age Related Histoarchitectural Studies on the Adrenal Gland of Goat (Capra hircus)
Authors: Kumar Vishnudeo , Sharma Anil , Patbandha Tapas K.
Published: June 2023

Background: Adrenal gland is an important endocrine gland that secrets several hormones that play a key role in the adaptation of the newborn to extra uterine life. The study was conducted to explore the histomorphological development of adrenal glands in Gohilwadi Goat (Capra hircus). Methods: The research work was carried out on twenty pair of goat adrenal gland collected from local abattoir. The animals were divided into three age groups, viz. group- I (day old to 1 month), group- II ( greater than 1 month to 6 months) and group- III ( greater than 6 months). Result: Histological observations revealed that the gland was fully differentiated into cortex and medulla, completely surrounded by a dense fibrous capsule in the day old goats. In group- I, adrenal cortex was made up of definite and foetal cortex, whereas former one comprised of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata only. Small to elongate foetal cortical cells were characterized by eosinophilic cytoplasm and arranged into irregular cords. In group II, the foetal cortex disappeared and only definite cortex was present with well-developed three zones i.e. Zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and Zona reticularis. Zona glomerulosa was the smallest of the three cortical zones and thickness increased from group-I to group-III. The zona fasciculata was the largest among the three cortical zones in all the age groups and thickness increased from group-I to group-III. Zona reticularis was well organized in the adrenal gland of adult Gohilwadi goat. Medulla occupied greater proportion of the gland and inner medullary cells were the main cellular constituent of medulla. Thickness of medulla increased from group-I to group-III.
Diversidad biocultural ligada a maíces nativos del estado de Puebla, México
Authors: Pérez-García Oscar
Published: June 2023

El enfoque biocultural representa una alternativa para el conocimientointegral de la agrobiodiversidad porque considera la interrelación entre la diversidad cultural humana y la biológica. Al respecto, se realizó un estudio de caso en el cual se determinó la riqueza y composición racial de los maíces (Zea mays L.) que conservan los pueblos originarios y campesinos del estado de Puebla. Se realizó un análisis tipo minería de datos en el que se conjuntaron dos bases de datos, lade maíces nativos de la CONABIO 2017 y la de lenguas nativas del INPI 2008. Se encontró una mayor diversidad racial y diferente composición de maíces en los pueblos originarios que en la de campesinos. Se determinó la existencia de 21 razas de maíz en los pueblos originarios y 15 en los campesinos. La presencia de razas de maíz en los pueblos analizados se agrupó en dos conglomerados. El primero fue conformado por un grupo de maíces distintivos de los pueblos originarios y el siguiente por uno distintivo de los pueblos campesinos. De los siete pueblos originarios del estado de Puebla, los Nahuas, Mixtecos, Totonacos, Otomíes e Ngiguas cuentan con razas de maíz identificadas y registradas. Se desconoce que maíces existen en los pueblos Tepehua y Mazateco debido a la ausencia de colectas y registros. La alta riqueza y composición única de maíces de los pueblos originarios es innegable, sin embargo, los pueblos campesinos enriquecen este patrimonio biocultural.
Regelungen zur Feststellungsprüfung Ukrainisch und Russisch
Authors: Gomer Anton , Steinbach Andrea , Birzer Sandra
Published: June 2023

Alle Bundesländer bieten die Möglichkeit, russische und/oder ukrainische Feststellungsprüfungen abzulegen – allerdings nicht immer in jeder Schulart. Dieser Beitrag leistet einen Überblick über die Regelungen der einzelnen Bundesländer.
Die Thematisierung von Krieg im (Russisch-)Unterricht anhand des Kurzfilms Без слов
Authors: Kaltseis Magdalena
Published: June 2023

Die Auseinandersetzung mit Krieg im Unterricht ist ein bildungspolitischer Auftrag. Es gibt bereits eine Fülle an verschiedenen Unterrichtsmaterialien zu diesem Thema – für dessen Behandlung im (Fremd-)Sprachenunterricht wurden bisher jedoch kaum Vorschläge gemacht. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird daher am Beispiel des Kurzfilms Без слов illustriert, wie die Thematisierung von Krieg im Allgemeinen sowie des Kriegs in der Ukraine im Besonderen im Russischunterricht ab B1-Niveau erfolgen kann.
Schulische Förderung traumatisierter junger Menschen unter Berücksichtigung der Mehrsprachigkeit Ukrainisch - Russisch
Authors: Neugebauer Tatjana
Published: June 2023

Eine fördernde und an die verschiedenen Bedürfnisse angepasste Lernatmosphäre ist für alle Schülerinnen und Schüler die zentrale Voraussetzung für den Lernerfolg. In besonderer Weise gilt dies aber für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Trauma-Erfahrungen. Aktuell erzeugt der Konflikt in der Ukraine diverse traumatische Erfahrungen bei allen Schülerinnen und Schülern, vordergründig bei ukrainischen Geflüchteten, aber auch bei jungen Menschen mit russischem Migrationshintergrund sowie auch bei Kindern und Jugendlichen, deren Verwandte in der ehemaligen Sowjetunion aufgewachsen sind und sozialisiert wurden.
Luz e sombra: Athanasius Racynski au Portugal, 1842-1848
Authors:   Universidade de Lisboa, Deswarte-Rosa Sylvie
Published: June 2023

Le Comte Athanasius Raczynski (Poznan1788-Berlin1874) a passé six ans au Portugal, de 1842 à 1848, en tant qu’ambassadeur du roi de Prusse Friedrich Wilhelm IV1. Il poursuivit sa mission diplomatique dans la péninsule ibérique à Madrid pendant encore quatre ans (1848-1852).
A história da Arte de Araújo Porto-Alegre
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Ferrari Paula
Published: June 2023

Gonzaga Duque Estrada, A arte brasileira – 1888, afirma ser Porto-alegre o primeiro a arrancar do esquecimento os únicos documentos existentes sobre a história da pintura brasileira, o primeiro a falar do músico Pe. José Maurício, e o primeiro a se ocupar da crítica das Belas Artes. Mesmo não partilhando dos mesmos valores estéticos e sua obra conter revisões e ampliações dos estudos de Porto-alegre, Gonzaga Duque não deixa de frisar a importância histórica dessa produção, seja pelo testemunho que legou, seja pelo ineditismo do tema e do método de trabalho no país. A história da arte de Araújo Porto-alegre pode ser pensada de três formas: como história dos artistas, como desenvolvimento das formas e como estética. A história dos artistas se aproxima mais da produção do IHGB e valoriza a biografia do artista. A história da estética é mais preocupada com pressupostos teóricos que estabeleçam elementos que conformam a arte, mais próxima da tendência da filosofia da história. O desenvolvimento das formas, ou história plástica foca o olhar propriamente no objeto de arte, partindo de uma ekphrasis passa a estabelecer a iconografia para, depois de compor o conjunto observado focar em elementos estratégicos, finalizando com a significação histórica através da iconologia. Sócio desde o primeiro ano do IHGB, contribuiu ativamente para Instituto como orador e escrevendo textos para a revista. A pluralidade de atividades que exerceu encontra um eixo de raciocínio na sua formação específica que trouxeram reflexões e indagações permanentes em seus textos. Sempre atento à Arte, inserido no debate do romantismo sobre a formação da nação, os manuscritos revelam o exercício de pensar a Arte e o Brasil perante as teorias de sua época.
A arena da ilusão: a representação do gladiador dentro da linguagem cinematográfica - Spartacus (Stanley Kubrick, 1960) e Gladiador (Ridley Scott, 2000)
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Fórmico Marcela Regina
Published: June 2023

A presente pesquisa estuda a representação da figura do gladiador dentro da linguagem cinematográfica a partir de uma análise comparativa entre dois filmes, Spartacus (Stanley Kubrick, 1960) e Gladiador (Ridley Scott, 2000). Oestudo se baseia na relação entre cinema e história proposta por Marc Ferro, segundo a qual o filme ultrapassa o seu caráter de obra de arte para ser um produto das relações sócio-históricas, e alia-se ao trabalho de Edgar Morin sobre as características de projeção e identificação presentes na relação do público com as imagens projetadas no écran, assim como no processo de construção destas imagens. Por fim, busca entender como uma imagem de Antigüidade é reconstruída e compreendida dentro de concepções que estão presentes na atualidade.
Communication theory teaching and the challenges of de-westernization of communication theories
Authors: Nazaruddin Muzayin , Dewi Kodrat Ningsih Ida Nuraini
Published: June 2023

Teaching communication theory in Indonesia and another non-Western countries generally deals with two challenges, namely Western perspective biases and negative perception of students who used to look at the course as complicated and boring. The paper offers teaching strategy for the communication theory course emphasizing contextualization as the core learning message, culturally responsive as the teaching approach, and student centred as the learning method. Students learn to relate the learning process with their everyday experience, so that they could develop meaning or function of the learning process. It would increase students’ motivation, involvement, and achievement. It would also be an important point to contextualize communication theory with empirical context, as contextualization is an important process of de-westernization of communication theories. Thus, the communication theory teaching is an initial step to de-westernize communication theory, which has a simple role: to criticize the relevance of established communication theories with local context.
Diversity in the Nutritional Values of Some Moringa oleifera Lam. Cultivars
Authors: Ndhlala Ashwell R. , Tshabalala Thulani
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to assess the variations in the nutritional attributes of thirteen Moringa oleifera cultivars. Leaves from six-month-old plants were harvested and tested for various nutritional attributes. There were significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in the carbohydrates, energy, some of the sugars and fibre amongst the cultivars. The levels of moisture in the cultivars ranged from 7.10% to 8.20%. Additionally, there were significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences across the cultivars in microelements studied except for zinc (Zn). These data revealed that plants from different geographical provenances differed in their adapting to varied environments. In general, under the same cultivation, management and environmental conditions, the main reasons for these differences occurred in cultivars could be associated with the genetic background of each M. oleifera germplasm. However, the study cautions on the differences of nutritional properties, as some of the cultivars have been reported not to be pharmacological potent.
Microplastics, Additives, and Plasticizers in Freshwater Bivalves: Preliminary Research of Biomonitoring
Authors: Cesarini Giulia , Corami Fabiana , Rosso Beatrice , Scalici Massimiliano
Published: June 2023

Microplastics are widespread in freshwater environments and could impact these ecosystems. Bivalves are freshwater organisms that are particularly exposed to microplastic contamination. Therefore, in this preliminary study, the accumulation of microplastics, plasticizers, and additives in the freshwater bivalves Anodonta cygnea through active biomonitoring was investigated. Specimens commercially bought were exposed in three rivers in Central Italy for different exposure times: short (1 month) and long (3 months). The gills and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) were analyzed separately to evaluate the possible uptake and ingestion of particles via Micro-FTIR. For the first time, small microplastics (SMPs, 5-100 µm), plasticizers, additives, and other micro-litter components, e.g., natural and non-plastic synthetic fibers (APFs) were identified in the bivalve A. cygnea. The most abundant polymer in the gills (94.4%), and GITs (66.1%) was polyamide, which had the highest concentration in each river. A decrease in SMPs' abundance was observed over time in the gills in each river, while the abundance in GIT increased. Compared to polymers, a greater variety of APFs was observed in rivers. The APFs changed during the time of exposure and between different rivers more evidently than polymers, allowing a clearer identification of the possible sources. These results highlighted plastic pollution by SMPs using freshwater bivalves as sentinel organisms and the need to investigate further the additives that can be proxies of the presence of microplastics in the environment and biota.
Posidonia Spheroids Intercepting Plastic Litter: Implication for Beach Clean-Ups
Authors: Porcino Nunziatina , bottari teresa , Falco Francesca , Natale Sabrina , Mancuso Monique
Published: June 2023

This study evaluates for the first time the plastic litter occurrence in Posidonia spheroids of four Mediterranean sandy beaches at different anthropogenic impact. A total of 80 spheroids was analyzed and 202 plastic items were found. Spheroids entangled a high number of plastic litter (132 plastic items/kg) with significant differences between beaches. Our results highlight the importance to implement the beach cleaning plan for the removal of all spheroids in order to prevent them from flaking and releasing the marine litter trapped inside them again in the environment. Spheroids should be manually removed in order to protect the banquettes. The removal should be involved all spheroids, independently from their size. This study adds data for the implementation of the monitoring program of marine litter and contributes to the development of specific management measures as well as implement Mediterranean action plans.
Mechanism of Low Frequency Oscillation When EMUs Passing Neutral Zone and Suppression Method
Authors: Sun Jixing , Zhang Kun , Liu Jiyong , Hu Kaixuan , Yan Shengchun , Zhang Yan , Huo Jindong
Published: June 2023

This article addresses the problem of contact voltage increase caused by the low frequency oscillation of the train-grid system in the phase-separation process of the EMU. The article establishes the EMU-contact line-traction substation model, reveals the mechanism of low-frequency oscillation, and obtains the relationship between the separation phase angle of the pantograph with line and low-frequency oscillations. Methods to suppress the over-voltage during the low-frequency oscillation are proposed. The study shows that when the power phase angle of the pantograph-line separation is within the range of 60°~90° and 240°~270°, the voltage amplitude in the neutral zone is larger, the maximum amplitude can reach 52.2kV, and low-frequency oscillation will occur in the neutral zone. When low frequency oscillation occurs, the contact line voltage in the neutral zone is mainly 1/3 power frequency (16.7Hz). After installing an RC suppression device in the neutral zone, when the EMU enters the neutral zone, the absolute value of the voltage peak drops to below 20 kV. Compared with the situation where the suppression device is not connected, the absolute value of the voltage peak is reduced by nearly 60%. The study provides a basis for the design of the neutral zone of the contact line and the selection of the high-voltage equipment of the EMU.
The Genetic Susceptibility to Psoriasis and the Relationship of Linked Genes to our Treatment Options
Authors: Patel Heli A. , Revankar Rishab , Pedroza Sofia T. , Graham Shaveonte , Feldman Steven R.
Published: June 2023

Genetic susceptibility in psoriasis is a topic of interest in the initiative to improve targeted treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss genes linked to psoriasis and the available treatment options in context of targeting respective gene products implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In order to identify relevant genetic markers and treatments, we developed a literature search utilizing PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and Web of Science with keywords, including genetic susceptibility to psoriasis, genetics and psoriasis, psoriasis treatments, biologics treatments in psoriasis. Articles in English from database inception to 1/1/23, were included. Case reports and series were excluded. Gene variant forms commonly implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis include those encoding for interleukins, interferons, and other mediators involved in inflammatory pathways, such as JAK/STAT, NFk-B, and others. Most commonly utilized treatments for psoriasis include drugs that target inflammatory markers like IL23, IL12, IL17, and TNF-a. TYK2 inhibition has been discussed as an emerging treatment strategy. Multiple genes are linked to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This understanding may provide an avenue for further development of pharmacologic strategies targeting underlying genetic pathways. Genetically guided treatment may also allow for greater understanding in the selection of biologics.
Exploring Object Size Estimation Through Low-Cost Drone Technology
Authors: Romaniuk Paweł , Saeed Khalid , Boucetta Rahma
Published: June 2023

This paper aims at trying to answer the question of whether a low cost drone equipped with a regular camera can serve as a simple device to estimate the size of objects. Ad-ditionally, it assesses if the accuracy of measurement is good enough for using a drone for measurements, relying solely on GPS position and camera. A review of the literature pertaining to ground object measurements was conducted. The availability of such in-struments was evaluated in terms of purchase and rental costs, the number of instru-ments on the market, and the time to obtain them. The most common measurement methods were considered and their unit costs were reviewed. The cost of professional surveying and measuring equipment was compared to the possibility of using low-cost, non-commercial drones to measure objects and surfaces. The quality of the images ob-tained was compared with high-resolution satellite systems. Is an ordinary drone with a standard camera suitable for length measurement without professional measuring equipment? Should the results be considered only in the category of size estimation?
Vacuum Impregnation, Ohmic Heating, and Drying Processes on Pear Slices Impregnated With Blueberry Juice: Phenolics, Antioxidant, and Color Characteristics
Authors: Seraglio Siluana Katia Tischer , Hernández-Velásquez Belkis Sarahí , Osses-Millar Moira Elizabeth , Malverde-Muñoz Bárbara Yolanda , Guerra-Valle Maria Estuardo , Pavez-Guajardo Constanza , Moreno Jorge
Published: June 2023

The focus of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of incorporation of phenolic compounds from blueberry juice into pear slices using a combination of ohmic heating (OH) and vacuum impregnation (VI), followed by air- or freeze-drying. The results showed that OH is a valuable technique to increase the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of blueberry juice. The optimal OH treatment is heating the juice at 50 °C for 20 min under an electric field of 13 V/cm. Furthermore, the combination of VI and OH showed the efficiency of enriching pear slices with bioactive compounds from blueberry juice. The best treatment is to immerse the slices for 90 min at 50 °C and an electric field of 7.8 V/cm. The presence of anthocyanin pigments from blueberry juice affects the color parameters of pear slices by increasing the a* parameter and decreasing the b* and L* parameters. However, both freeze-drying and air-drying (at temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C) negatively affected the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Notably, air-drying at 60 °C highest levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant potential for both impregnated and non-impregnated pear slices among the drying processes applied.
Ftd/Als Type 7–Associated Thr104Asn Mutation of CHMP2B Blunts Neuronal Process Elongation, and Is Recovered by Knockdown of Arf4, the Golgi Stress Regulator, in N1E-115 Cells
Authors: Shirai Remina , Cho Mizuka , Isogai Mikinori , Fukatsu Shoya , Okabe Miyu , Okawa Maho , Miyamoto Yuki , Torii Tomohiro , Yamauchi Junji
Published: June 2023

Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 7 (FTD/ALS7) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the onset of ALS and/or FTD mainly in adulthood. Patients with some types of mutations, including the Thr104Asn (T104N) mutation of charged multivesicular body protein 2B (CHMP2B), have predominantly ALS phenotypes, whereas patients with other mutations have predominantly FTD phenotypes. A few patients with further other mutations have both phenotypes approximately equally; however, the reason why phenotypes differ depending on the position of the mutation is unknown. CHMP2B composes one part of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT), specifically ESCRT-III, in the cytoplasm. We describe here, for the first time, that CHMP2B with the T104N mutation inhibits neuronal process elongation in the N1E-115 cell line, a model of neuronal differentiation. The inhibitory phenotype was accompanied by changes in marker protein expression. It is noteworthy that CHMP2B with the T104N mutation but not its wild-type was preferentially accumulated in the Golgi body. Of the four major Golgi stress signaling pathways currently known, the pathway through Arf4, as the small GTPase, was specifically upregulated in cells expressing CHMP2B with the T104N mutation. Conversely, knockdown of Arf4 with the cognate small interfering (si)RNA recovered the neuronal process elongation inhibited by the T104N mutation. These results suggest that the T104N mutation of CHMP2B inhibits neuronal morphological differentiation by triggering Golgi stress signaling, revealing a possible therapeutic molecular target for recovering potential molecular and cellular phenotypes underlying FTD/ALS7.
Lamin A/C Ablation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Cardiomyocytes, and Cardiac Fibroblasts Causes Cardiac and Vascular Dysfunction: Role in the Pathophysiology of LMNA-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Del Monte-Monge Alberto , Ruiz-Polo de Lara Iñigo , Gonzalo Pilar , Espinós-Esteve Carla , González-Amor María , De la Fuente Miguel , Andrés-Manzano María J , Fanjul Víctor , Gimeno Juan R , Barriales Roberto , Dorado Beatriz , Andrés Vicente
Published: June 2023

Mutations in the LMNA gene (encoding lamin A/C proteins) cause several human cardiac diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathies (LMNA-DCM). The main clinical risks in LMNA-DCM patients are sudden cardiac death and progressive left ventricular ejection fraction deterioration, and therefore most human and animal studies have sought to define the mechanisms through which LMNA mutations provoke cardiac alterations, with particular focus on cardiomyocytes. To investigate if LMNA mutations also cause vascular alterations that might contribute to the etiopathogenesis of LMNA-DCM, we generated and characterized Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice, which constitutively lack lamin A/C in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), cardiac fibroblasts, and cardiomyocytes. Like mice with whole body or cardiomyocyte-specific lamin A/C ablation, Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice recapitulated the main hallmarks of human LMNA-DCM, including ventricular systolic dysfunction, cardiac conduction defects, cardiac fibrosis, and premature death. These alterations were associated with hyperactivation of Smad3 and elevated expression of the proapoptotic protein caspase 3 in the heart. Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice also exhibited perivascular fibrosis in the coronary arteries, and a switch of aortic VSMCs from the ‘contractile’ to the ‘synthetic’ phenotype. Ex vivo wire myography in isolated aortic rings revealed impaired maximum contraction capacity and an altered response to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents in Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice. To our knowledge, our results provide the first evidence of phenotypic alterations in VSMCs that might contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of some forms of LMNA-DCM. Future work addressing the mechanisms underlying vascular defects in LMNA-DCM may open new therapeutic avenues for these diseases.
Zanubrutinib Ameliorates Cardiac Fibrosis and Inflammation Induced by Chronic Sympathetic Activation
Authors: Li Wenqi , Zhu Shuwen , Liu Jing , Liu Zhigang , Miao Yang , Zhang Jianwei , Li Shimeng , Zhang Qianyi , Liu Zhichao , Yang Yue , Chen Li , Guo Xiaowei , Zhang Tiantian , Meng Lingxin , Chai Dan , Tang Guodong , Li Xiaohe , Zhou Honggang , Yang Cheng
Published: June 2023

(1) Background: Heart failure (HF) is the final stage of multiple cardiac diseases, which has now become a severe public health problem worldwide. β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) overactivation is a major pathological factor associated with multiple cardiac diseases and mediates cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. Previous study has demonstrated that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) mediated cardiac fibrosis by TGF-β related signal pathways, indicating that BTK was a potential drug target for cardiac fibrosis. Zanubrutinib, a second-generation BTK inhibitor, has shown anti-fibrosis effects in previous research. However, it is unclear whether Zanubrutinib can alleviate cardiac fibrosis induced by β-AR overactivation;(2) Methods: In vivo: Male C57BL/6J mice were treated with or without the β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO) to establish cardiac fibrosis animal model. Here, results showed that BTK inhibitor Zanubrutinib (ZB) had a great effect on cardiac fibrosis and inflammation induced by β-AR. In vitro: Results showed that ZB alleviated β-AR-induced cardiac fibroblast activation and macrophage proinflammatory cytokine production. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that ZB inhibited β-AR-induced cardiac fibrosis and inflammation by BTK、STAT3、NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signal pathways both in vivo and in vitro; (4) Conclusions: our research provides evidence that ZB ameliorates β-AR-induced cardiac fibrosis and inflammation.
Optimality Comparison of Object Safe Trajectory in a Multi-Object Passing Situation for Different Quantities of Acceptable Game and Non-Game Control Strategies
Authors: Lisowski Józef
Published: June 2023

This paper presents an analysis of the sensitivity of controlling an autonomous surface object among a group of encountered objects to the inaccuracy of state control process data. For this purpose, a safe and optimal model of the control process was defined. An algorithm for determining the optimal and safe trajectory of an object, based on the multi-object game model, was developed; for comparative analysis, an algorithm for calculating only the optimal trajectory, not taking into account the maneuverability of other objects, was additionally developed. First, simulation-based studies of the algorithms enabled a comparative analysis of a number of different acceptable strategies for optimally shifting the trajectory of maneuvering objects from a single initial direction. Thereafter, the main goal of this paper was implemented: an analysis of the sensitivity characteristics of safe control, assessed with the risk of collision, both on the inaccuracy of navigation data and on the number of possible control strategies. Finally, final conclusions and a plan for further research on the subject of the paper were formulated.
To Create Plant-Like Astronauts Who Can Adapt to Eternal Interstellar Expeditions
Authors: Sun Tianxi
Published: June 2023

Based on the eventual destruction of the solar system and the critical need for human continuation, this article suggests sending synthetic biology- and AI-created plant-like astronauts to the closest habitable exoplanet, Teegarden's Star b. Here we show that these astronauts will have green skin, blue blood, and the ability to perform photosynthesis. They could withstand cosmic radiation and extremely low temperatures in space while generating energy through photosynthesis. This groundbreaking interdisciplinary approach may provide a solution to the survival challenges faced by humans on their eternal interstellar journey. As long as plant-like astronauts possess human consciousness, it does not matter whether they are even a hybrid of carbon-based and silicon-based life. They will be a continuation of humanity on exoplanets. Human faces two options for survival. The first is the Mars migration program led by Elon Reeve Musk, which remains within the solar system and may not protect against the Sun's future scorching all life on the solar system during its red giant phase. The second option involves a more daring approach: the frantic escape of plant-like astronauts from the solar system. Should we consider both options simultaneously, much like how humans use their two legs to walk?
Can Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv) Reactivation Be the Result of a Mild COVID-19 Infection With No Need of Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy?
Authors: Braimakis Ioannis , Vasileiadi Sofia , Trifylli Eleni-Myrto , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Deutsch Melanie
Published: June 2023

Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) is a well described result of immunosuppressive therapy initiation in a variety of diseases with dose and duration of treatment being the main factors determining the probability for reactivation. Such cases have been described also in Covid-19 patients treated with immunosuppressive therapies. Nevertheless, there have also been reported cases of Covid-19 infection that led to HBVr with no concurrent immunosuppressive therapy or any other described cause. In accordance with that observation, we present a patient followed for a period spanning 20 years with HBeAg negative chronic HBV infection and non-detectable HBV DNA who after a mild Covid-19 infection treated only with low dose and short duration inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), developed elevated AST and ALT as well as elevated HBV DNA levels. During the diagnostic workout other etiologies of abnormal liver biochemistries were excluded and thus the diagnosis of HBV reactivation was established and treated with entecavir. Since other causes of reactivation were excluded, and ICS dose and duration was found baring only a very low risk (<1%) for HBVr, Covid-19 infection could be considered the most probable cause of reactivation.