bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering management of starter cultures in study of temperature of fermentation of sour-milk drink with apiproducts
Authors: Rogoskii Ivan , Mushtruk Mikhailo , Titova Liudmyla , Snezhko Olha , Rogach Svitlana , Blesnyuk Oleh , Rosamaha Yuriy , Zubok Tatiana , Yeremenko Oleksandr , Nadtochiy Oleksandr
Published: November 2020

The article considers the solution of problematic issues of engineering management of poly fermentation in the study of fermentation temperature of sour-milk drink with apiproducts. In the development of fermented dairy products, the components that are part of them, changes in their composition, and properties in the interconnection are considered as a technological system. The authors took into account that food technologies based on the use of the pure culture of one microorganism are limited by the capabilities of its fermentation system systems, the ultimate goal may not be achieved even by changing the conditions and parameters of cultivation. To successfully carry out fermentation processes in the technological system, a combination of cultures, associations of microorganisms with a wide range of fermentation products in contrast to one culture is promising to use. All experimental samples on a set of indicators prevailed control ones. The leader was a sample fermented with yeast with an equal ratio of cultures at a temperature of 38 – 40 °C. The authors found that the set of indicators of finished products for the production of sour-milk drinks with a complex of apiproducts, it is necessary to choose a three-strain poly fermentation product with a congruent ratio of cultures and set optimal fermentation regimes 39 ±1ºC for 5.0 ±0.3 hours.
Forming the system of food security indicators following the criteria of the SDGs-2030
Authors: Kotykova Olena , Babych Mykola , Krylova Iryna
Published: November 2020

Effective management of any system is impossible without a clear definition of its elements, hierarchical levels, and desired performance indicators. Considering this problem in the context of food security management, the authors set out to create a system of food security indicators at different hierarchical levels. The purpose of the article is to deepen theoretical and methodological provisions and develop a system of indicators as a component of food security management at different levels, which should meet the criteria and dimensions of the SDGs-2030. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method and general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The results obtained are of great practical importance in shaping national and regional food security policies (programs) on a sustainable development basis. Proceeding from the results of the research and the scientific and theoretical positions of the epistemological content of the category of the concept “food security”, taking into account the criteria of food security of formation at different hierarchical levels and methodological aspects of its monitoring, it is proposed 54 indicators.
Physiological state of plants and quality of plum fruits grafted on the rootstocks of various strength of growth depending on the plant nutrition mode
Authors: Popova Valentina , Sergeyeva Natalya , Yaroshenko Olesya , Kuznetsova Anna
Published: November 2020

The influence of the nutrition mode on the physiological state, productivity, and quality of the plum harvest of the Stanley variety on the rootstocks of various strengths of growth was investigated. The fertilizer system included the intra-soil application of the complex organic-mineral fertilizer based on peat and non-root dressings combined with the “Novosil” phytoregulator. The nutrition mode of plum plants was studied by the method of gross content diagnostics of elements in leaves and fruits. The significant increase of nitrogen and phosphorus content, number of functional pigments, free amino acids, and protein synthesis, especially in plants on the rootstock Best, was established during the period of the intensive shoot and ovary growth. In the early summer, the increase of calcium content and decrease of secondary metabolite one was found against the background of a decline of growth activity in plum leaves on the dwarf and medium rootstocks. The statistically reliable positive correlation between nitrogen, potassium, calcium and their content in plum fruits on the rootstock VVA 1 (r = 0.68, r = 0.74, r = 0.52) and rootstock Best (r = 0.75, r = 0.84, r = 0.61) was identified against the background of the application of fertilizers during the period of stress influence of abiotic factors in July. The green pigment content was also increased. The decline of protein content in leaves in the trees on the rootstock Best and rootstock PK SK 1 was minimal. At that time maximum losses of shared water were in plants on the rootstock cherry plum seedlings and minimum ones were on the rootstock PK SK 1. In early August the gross content of nitrogen, potassium, and calcium in the leaves of shoots increased with the application of fertilizers. In early September the excess of the sum of amino acids in plum leaves was 26,6-30,8% while the one in plum fruits was 12.5 and 23.5%; 24.2 and 11.5%; 17.3 and 19.6% on the rootstock VVA 1, rootstock Best, rootstock PK SK 1 respectively. The nutrition mode optimization promoted increasing of plant productivity on the rootstock Best and fruit weight on the rootstock VVA 1, rootstock Best, and rootstock PK SK 1.
Milk consumption in childhood and adulthood and its effect on body composition
Authors: Jančichová Kristína , Gažarová Martina , Habánová Marta , Kopčeková Jana , Mrázová Jana , Lenártová Petra
Published: November 2020

Throughout their life, people are exposed to many different types of milk. First, it is breast milk if infants are breastfed or special formula based on cow milk with modified composition if they are not breastfed. Later in life, it is recommended that humans consume the milk of other mammals as a source of highly valuable protein, calcium, and phosphorus. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of methods and duration of feeding in infancy and consumption of milk or milk alternatives in adulthood on body composition. We used a questionnaire of 21 specific questions to obtain information on breastfeeding and milk consumption. All 84 participants (18 men, 66 women; age 23.26 ±1.36) underwent measurement of body composition, using BIA methods (InBody 720). A comparison of the information from the questionnaire with the information from the body composition measurement was made. Significant differences were observed in visceral fat area (p = 0.048) and waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.022) according to duration of breastfeeding. Participants who were fed formula for a shorter time than 1 year (until 12 months of age) showed a higher percentage of body fat (p = 0.047). The fat percentage of milk was a significant factor for the waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.026). Participants consuming plant-based milk alternatives showed significant differences in waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.031) and body mass index (p = 0.015) and highly significant differences in weight (p <0.001) and fat-free mass (p <0.001). In conclusion, results show that the duration of breastfeeding may prevent the development of overweight and eventually obesity. Usage of infant formulas as an alternative to breast milk should be limited to those who are unable to breastfeed. The current consumption of milk indicates the benefits of whole milk in the diet but also shows increasing interest in the advantages of plant-based milk.
Essential oils and their application in a food model
Authors: Galovičová Lucia , Valková Veronika , Štefániková Jana , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of essential oils (Canarium luzonicum CLEO, Melaleuca leucadenron MLEO, Amyris balsamifera ABEO). There was Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis used for the characteristic of the semiquantitative composition of the essential oils. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of essential oils against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were analyzed in a 96-well plate. The broth microdilution method was used for the minimal inhibitory concentration. A gas-phase antimicrobial assay was used to determine inhibitory concentrations in a food model. CLEO proved to be the best with the lowest MIC 50 and 90 of 6.67 μL.mL-1 respectively 6.81 μL.mL-1 and antioxidant activity of 33.43% among the tested essential oils. The main volatile compounds CLEO were limonene 36.38%, elemol 16.65%, α-fellandren 12.18% and elemicin 9.59%. It showed inhibition of S. maltophilia growth in the food model at the lowest concentrations among the essential oils.
Construction of site dependent design spectra
Authors: Mostaghel N. , Ahmadi G.
Published: November 2020

A method for construction of smooth site dependent design response spectra is proposed. The simplified procedure for obtaining the site dependent spectra is described. Some comparisons with the response spectra of actual earthquakes are carried out and good agreements are observed. Comparison with the Newmark's spectra and the Regulatory Guide 1.60 spectra are also presented.
Simulation-Based Training: From a Traditional Course to Remote Learning - the COVID-19 Effect
Authors: Boffelli Albachiara , Kalchschmidt Matteo , Shtub Avraham
Published: November 2020

The University of Bergamo switched from regular classes to online classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic during March 2020, without leaving to the students the chance to meet their teachers in the traditional setting even once. As such, this context represents a unique opportunity to compare the traditional courses, held in the years before, with remote learning. In this paper, we focus on the lessons learned from switching a project management course that combines traditional lectures with Simulation-Based Training (SBT) to an online course with the same structure, same curriculum and the same teaching team. Lessons learned are based on the opportunity to compare the two methods of teaching and their learning outcomes. Based on the analysis, conclusions about the future of this course and similar courses are presented.
Gaming Duration and Preferences: Relationships with Psychiatric Health, Gaming Addiction Scores and Academic Success in High School Students
Authors: Yeşilyurt Ferahim
Published: November 2020

Problematic gaming behavior is an important problem that may lead to a recently introduced psychiatric condition named internet gaming disorder (IGD). Gaming addiction has been reported to have major influence on the lives of adolescents and young adults affected by it. Our aim was to determine relationships between gaming-related parameters, academic success, levels of depression, anxiety and stress, and gaming addiction scores. We performed a cross-sectional study comprised of 499 non-senior high school students from the Bakırköy district of Istanbul. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured with the DASS-21, gaming addiction was measured via the IGDS9-SF. A single questionnaire form was prepared to record demographics, game play behavior and preferences, DASS-21 scores and IGDS9-SF scores. Girls comprised 80.2% (n=400) of the participants in this study. Eighty-eight (17.6%) students reported that they did not play games. There was a statistically significant worsening in IGDS9 scores and all subscales of the DASS-21 with increased game playing time. Gaming addiction score was higher in those that reported being academically unsuccessful. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the factors that increased IGDS9 scores were: time spent gaming, and preference of action, simulation or social media games. Whereas, smartphone gaming was found to be independently associated with lower IGDS9 scores. The association of higher IGDS9 scores with gaming time and preference of action, simulation and social media games, and lower scores with smartphone gaming are interesting results and may have implications in the approach to and treatment of those with IGD.
The Market Trajectory of a Radically New Product: E-Cigarettes
Authors: Kislev Mickey M. , Kislev Shira
Published: November 2020

The study analyzes the diffusion of electronic cigarettes as an innovation, as well as how industry, society, and the individual affect its market dynamics. The study is based on five surveys conducted during the years 2017-2019, and including participants of all ages (age 12 to 80 and beyond). The article describes indicators for evaluating the sustainability of a really-new product like electronic cigarettes, following the market trajectory of this product as it sets its dominant design and shapes the use-system for the product type from now onward. This process has two phases: trial and adoption. The probability of each nicotine product type’s adoption is different, depending on the prevalence of trials of that product among the population. The results of e-cigarette trials and additional indicators reveal the point (critical mass-point) where social influence outweighs rational evaluation by the individual regarding nicotine products. By using triers’ prevalence as the indicator for measuring an entry of really-new product into the market, the authors could identify the sustainability of that really-new product at a much early phase. Therefore, the prevalence of triers can be used as a predictor for the diffusion rate of an innovative product in a certain population and should be measured. The authors also propose a regression model that estimates the prevalence of triers based on the extent of users in the population.
Kantelpunt: op naar een nieuwe aanpak van problemen in de uitvoering van beleid
Authors: van Thiel Sandra
Published: November 2020

Tilting point: a new approach of problems in and with executive agencies

Over the past three years a number of reports and initiatives have emerged which seem to point to a different approach to solve problems in and with executive agencies. In the past, most problems were blamed on the agencies, by the media and politicians alike. However, these new reports and initiatives seem to allow room for a different, more realistic explanation. This article lists five of these reports and initiatives. First a letter on the results of the new coalition formation in 2017, concluding that executive agencies are under too much pressure and blame, and drawing more attention to the role of the legislature and the executive powers. Second, a report has been written by the Senior Civil Service – commissioned by a group of ministries – that offers a powerful analysis of the various causes of problems in and with executive agencies, leading to a number of prescriptions for all parties involved. Third, a ministerial committee has been established to discuss these problems and possible solutions on a regular basis. Fourth, the House of Representatives has launched a parliamentary inquiry into this topic. And finally, an unsolicited advisory report by the Council of State has been published on the dilemmas around ministerial accountability, stating that the blame for problems in and with executive agencies is often attributed in a false way. Together these five reports and initiatives call for a broader approach in handling such problems and hence more effective solutions.
Herstelgerichte sancties en het strafbegrip
Authors: van Stokkom Bas
Published: November 2020

Restorative justice sanctions and the concept of punishment. John Blad’s theory

This essay focuses on John Blad’s views on the sanction concept of restorative justice and the punishment concept of criminal law. What is the status of a restorative sanction? How does that sanction differ from imposed criminal sanctions?
Welke samenleving in het herstelrecht?
Authors: Aertsen Ivo
Published: November 2020

Whither society in restorative justice? Challenging citizenship and community building

This article discusses the concepts of society and community involvement as they appeared in the articles of the Dutch-Flemish Tijdschrift voor Herstelrecht (Journal of Restorative Justice) during last 20 years. It shows how the journal from its very beginning adopted a strong focus on criminal justice reform, although restorative practices within the community occupied a considerable space in the consecutive volumes as well. Studies on restorative justice programmes in Belgium and The Netherlands, such as victim-offender mediation and family-group conferences, revealed a predominant orientation on interpersonal relationships stressing the role of the community of care. In the same sense, also community mediation and other community oriented restorative practices focus on the personal well-being of people and the improvement of personal and social relationships. Hence, both theory and practice face two important challenges in developing restorative justice: (1) which role to give to a larger community and how to operationalize its involvement, and (2) how to deal with underlying causes of crime and social-structural injustices? Referring to European action-research projects and to conceptual models developed outside Europe, a case is made for designing restorative justice methodologies and programmes involving civil society in a more encompassing way and linking micro to macro societal levels. Developing strategic alliances with new social movements could be the way forward.
Surveillance of cryptosporidium in some dairy farm
Authors: Ulammunkh Gajidmaa , Gonchig Mungunkhulug , Byambaa Burenbaatar , Gonchigoo Battsetseg , Igori Khatanbaatar
Published: November 2020

Apicomplexan protozoan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium is infect the gastrointestinal tract on wall epithelium cell of animals and humans. The farm is important object with a high risk significant outbreak of zoonotic infections. We conducted by random sampling prevalence of Cryptosporidium based on dairy farms in the Selenge, Tuwaimags and near of Ulaanbaatar city. In the study, a total of 170 fecal sample from 131 cattle and 4-10 months aged calves, were infected 37.6% (64/170). Detection of Cryptosporidium oocyst with commonly used for fuchsin staining. Further research into molecular biology is needed.

Сүүний үхрийн зарим аж ахуйд криптоспоридийн тандан судалгаа хийсэн дүн

Криптоспорид хүн, мал амьтдын ходоод, гэдэсний ханын хучуур эсэд шимэгчилдэг эгэл биетэн.Cүүний чиглэлийн үхрийн аж ахуйд ариун цэврийн дэглэм алдагдвал зоонозын халдвар дэгдэх өндөр эрсдэлтэй. Бид санамсаргүй түүвэрлэлтийн аргаар Сэлэнгэ, Төв аймаг, Улаанбаатар хот орчмын зарим сүүний үхрийн аж ахуйг түшиглэн криптоспоридийн тандан судалгааг явууллаа. Уг судалгаанд үнээ-131, 4-10 сарын бойжилттой тугал-39, нийт 170 баасны дээжид криптоспоридийн ооцистыг илрүүлэхэд 37.6% (64/170)халдварлалттай байв. Цаашид үүсгэгчийн биологи, молекул биологийн судалгааг нарийвчлан хийх шаардлагатай.

 Түлхүүр үг: Баасны дээж, ооцист, сахрын ханасан уусмал, тугал, фуксины будаг
Effects of feed intake on methane gas emission
Authors: Narantuya Solongo , Ayushjav Otgonjargal , Norovsambuu Togtokhbayar
Published: November 2020

Hydrid lams of Dorper x Native sheep weighted with 44.5-61.1 kg live were selected and divided into three experimental groups. Each experimental groups were fed by 50 percentages grass, 50 percentages of cereals and 50 percentages of mineral containing fees separately. Methane gas emission was measured from animal fed by pellets amounted 2.5 kg, 1.48 kg and 1.11 kg for first, second and third groups, respectively. During the study period, sheep extricated 6.65 liters, 5.05 liters and 1.78 liters of methane gas. The methane extraction was 24.1-71.8 percentage higher in first feeding groups compared to other two groups (P<0.01). The very strong positive correlation was found between he feed intake and methane gas emission. In other words, 67.0 percentages of methane gas emission were caused by the feed intake.

Метан хийн ялгаралт тэжээлийн идэмжээс хамаарах нь

Бид судалгаанд “Нутгийн х Дорпер” хонины F1 эрлийз, 44.5-61.1 кг амьдын жинтэй 15 хонийг сонгож туршилтын 3 бүлэгт (n=5) хувааж бүдүүн тэжээл 50, хүчит, эрдэс тэжээл 50 хувь бүхий жороор тэжээв. Туршлагын бүлгүүдэд хорголжин тэжээлийг хоногт I-р бүлэгт 2.5 кг, II-р бүлэгт 1.48 кг, III-р бүлэгт 1.11 кг-аар өгч метан болон нүүрсхүчлийн хийн ялгаралтыг судлав. Туршилтын хугацаанд I-р бүлгийн хонь 6.65 л, II-р бүлгийнх 5.05 л, III-р бүлгийнх 1.78 л метан хий ялгаруулсан ба I бүлэг бусад бүлгийнхээс 24.1-71.8 хувиар илүү ялгаруулсан байна (P<0.01). Метан хийн ялгаралт, тэжээлийн идэмж хоорондын хамаарлыг судлахад эерэг хамааралтай буюу 67.0 хувь нь идсэн тэжээлээс хамаарч байна.

 Түлхүүр үг: идэмж, метан хий, нүүрсхүчлийн хий
Variety trail results of food and fodder barleys in central agricultural zone
Authors: Zorigt Erdenechimeg , Nyamdavaa Tsolmon , Azjargal Sarantsetseg , Byambaa Odgerel
Published: November 2020

The new varieties of barley, which is adapted to the drought conditions of our country, are indispensable. The main task of this study focused on the identification of barley varieties in the soil and climatic conditions of the central region of cultivation and the identification of high-yielding, disease-resistant, drought-resistant, and grade-resistant barley varieties. There were tested a total of  14 varieties of barley for food, forage and beer, are compared with standard variety by yield and other quality indicators, the maturation periods were ranged 88-106 days for experimental varieties, while there were yielded 2.2-14.7 c / ha,  6.0-14.8 c / ha and 2.0-4.5 c / ha for the beer,  forage and food varieties, respectively. The beer variety MonPiBarley-5 and line PA-459 yielded 4.3-5.4 c / ha more than the standard varieties, but the line TA-453 had grown 8.8 cm higher than standard feed variety.  However, the data presented here tested varieties no exceed the yield of the standard variety.

Газар тариалангийн төв бүсэд хүнс, тэжээлийн зориулалттай арвайн сортуудыг сорьсон дүн

Манай орны гандуу хуурай цаг уурын нөхцөлд зохицсон арвайн шинэ сортыг сорьж туршин, үйлдвэрлэлд нэвтрүүлэх шаардлага хэрэгцээ нилээд гарч байна. Энэ судалгаа нь тариалангийн төв бүсийн хөрс, цаг уурын нөхцөлд дасан зохицож ургах чадвартай, өндөр ургацтай, биохимийн үзүүлэлт сайтай сортыг илрүүлж  шалгаруулах зорилготой. Нийт хүнс, тэжээл, шар айрагны 14 сортыг жишиг сорттой ургалтын хугацаа, ургац болон бусад чанарын үзүүлэлтээр харьцуулан судлахад сортуудын боловсрох хугацаа 88-106 хоног, шар айрагны зориулалтаар тарьсан сортууд нь 2.2-14.7 ц/га, тэжээлийн зориулалтынх 6.0-14.8 ц/га, хүнсний зориулалтын арвай нь 2.0-5.5 ц/га ургац өгч байлаа. Шар айрагны сортуудаас МонПиАрвай-5, ПА-459 сортууд жишиг сортоос га талбайгаас 4.3-5.4 ц-ээр, тэжээлийн сортуудаас ТА-453 сорт жишиг сортоос 8.8 ц-ээр илүү ургац өгч шалгарч байна. Харин хүнсний сортуудаас жишиг сортоос ургацаар давсан сорт гарсангүй.

 Түлхүүр үг: ургалтын хугацаа, ургац, ургацын бүтэц, биохимийн үзүүлэлт
Experimental result on improvement of traditional technology for processing sheepskin
Authors: Buyantsog Otgonbulag , Byambaa Itgel , Bat-Erdene Bat-Onol
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to improve the quality of sheepskin, which was treated withmongolian  traditional methods using whey. We pickled Mongolian sheepskins using whey, and tanning was processed by aluminum potassium sulfate. The temperature of shrinkage of the sheepskin in our experiment was 73 ° C, which corresponds to the requirement of the standard MNS 0528: 2016 for processed sheepskin where it is indicated that the temperature of shrinkage should be above 70°C. According to the requirement of the standard, the moisture content of the processed sheepskin should not be lower than 14%, then in the experimental version 8.5%, also the pH should be in the range of pH 4.0-4.5 then in the experimental version 4.2.

Уламжлалт аргаар боловсруулсан нэхийний чанарыг сайжруулах туршилтын дүн

Энэхүү судалгааг монголын уламжлалт арьс боловсруулах сүүн идээлгийн чанарыг сайжруулах зорилгоор хийлээ. Бид монгол хонины арьсыг шар сүүний ганд гандаж, нэмэлт идээлгийг хөнгөн цагааны цөрөөр явуулан арьсны чаналтын температурыг 73°С хэмд хүргэв. Боловсруулсан нэхийнд тавигдах MNS0528:2016 стандартын шаардлагад арьсны татах цэг 70°С хэмээс дээш байх гэсэн шаардлагыг хангаж байна. Нэхийний чанарын бусад үзүүлэлт тухайлбал, чийг 14-өөс доошгүй байх шаардлагатай байхад биднийх 8.5%, арьсны рН 4.0-4.5 хооронд байхаас 4.2 байгаа нь стандартад нийцэж байгааг харуулж байна.

 Түлхүүр үг: нэхий, шар сүү, цагаа, хөнгөн цагааны цөр, чаналтын температур
Water chemical properties of a lake originated from “Chandagan tal” lignite mining
Authors: Batdelger Oyun-Erdene , Tuulaikhuu Baigal-Amar
Published: November 2020

We did hydrological survey of a lake which was originated with seepage water from a brown coal mine located in Murun soum, Khentii province. The objectives of this study were to determine water chemical properties and compare to standards and norms for water quality assessment and to know which propose we can use this seepage lake water. We took samples from the different depths of the lake.  According to the Alekhin classification the lake water is included in the hydrocarbonate class and the sodium group, with first type water. Seeing water quality, it is salty or highly mineralized (mineralization is 1600 mg /L at 3 m depth), very hard (total hardness is 18.7 mg-eqv /L, and carbonate hardness is 12.8 mg-eqv /L) water. This lake water contains several macro and micro elements exceeding allowable concentration of drinking water guidelines. Because of high salinity it seems not appropriable for cropland watering, although all elements’ concentration within the allowable concentration list. The lake water is partially possible for aquaculture and livestock use, after other detailed toxicological assessments are made. 

Чандган тал хүрэн нүүрсний уурхайн шавхалтаас үүссэн нуурын усны химийн үзүүлэлтүүдийг судалсан дүн

Бид Хэнтий аймгийн Мөрөн суманд орших хүрэн нүүрсний уурхайн шавхалтаас үүссэн нууранд гидрохимийн судалгаа хийсэн болно. Энэхүү судалгааны ажлын зорилго нь усны химийн шинж чанарыг тодорхойлох, усны чанарын үнэлгээний стандарт, нормтой харьцуулахаас гадна тухайн усыг ямар зориулалтаар ашиглаж болох талаар судалгааг хийж гүйцэтгэхэд оршино. Энэхүү нуур нь 6.3 га талбайг эзлэн оршиж гүн нь хамгийн гүн хэсэгтээ 5.7 м хүрч байсан ба 256374.85 м3 эзлэхүүнтэй байна. Үүсмэл нуурын ус нь байгалийн усны ангиллаар гидрокарбонатын ангийн, натрийн бүлгийн 1-р төрлийн ус байна. Чанарын хувьд давсархаг буюу их эрдэсжилттэй (эрдэсжилт нь 3 м гүндээ 1604 мг/л), маш хатуу (нийт хатуулаг нь 18.7 мг-экв/л, карбонатын хатуулаг нь 12.8 мг-экв/л) устай. Тухайн нуурын усанд агуулагдах Al, As, Be, Ca, Cd, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, U, SO2 зэрэг элементүүд нь “Ундны ус. Эрүүл ахуйн шаардлага, чанар, аюулгүй байдлын үнэлгээ “MNS 0900:2018” стандартын зөвшөөрөгдөх дээд хэмжээг давсан үзүүлэлттэй байна. Эдгээр элементүүдээс хор аюулын зэргээр илүү As, U, Pb, Cd зэрэг хүнд металл 2-9 дахин давсан үзүүлэлттэй байв. Бидний судалсан нуурын усанд газар тариаланд хэрэглэж болох усанд байх элементүүдийн зөвшөөрөгдөх дээд хэмжээнээс давсан зүйлгүй боловч давсжилт өндөртэй учир хөрсийг давсжуулах эрсдэлтэй байж болох юм. Энэхүү нуурын усыг усан сангийн аж ахуй, мал аж ахуй эрхлэх зориулалтаар ашиглахаар бол хоруу чанарын судалгааг нарийн хийх хэрэгтэй юм.

Түлхүүр үг: эрдэсжилт, хатуулаг, ундны ус, усны хэрэглээ
Monitoring study of biological pollution in stream water
Authors: Baasandorj Bujidmaa , Ulziibayar Tsendtseveen , Nyambal Tuul , Yundendorj Khorloo
Published: November 2020

In recent years, Mongolia's river water has been heavily polluted by human activities, mining, industrialization, and other factors, and the river's flow has been declining every year, conducted a pilot study to monitor the study. The water sample contains an average of 0.7 million cells/ml of bacteria, which indicates low bacterial contamination.

Усны биологийн бохирдлын мониторингийн судалгаа

Сүүлийн жилүүдэд Монгол орны гол мөрний ус хүний буруутай үйл ажиллагаа, уул уурхай, үйлдвэржилт болон бусад хүчин зүйлээс болж маш их бохирдож, голын урсац жил бүр багасч байгаа тул мониторингийн туршилт судалгааг хийлээ. Усны дээжинд дунджаар 0.7 сая эс/мл бактери агуулагдаж байгаа нь нянгийн бохирдол багатай байгааг илтгэж байна.

 Түлхүүр үг: тэжээлт орчин, морфологи, физиологи, мониторинг
THE ROLE OF LABOUR IN CONTEMPORARY TRENDS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Kucharski Leszek , Kwiatkowski Eugeniusz
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the paper is to show relationships between the stock of labour and economic growth in the XXI. century, and especially to show the shares of this factor in economic growth. The empirical basis of the research is based on the statistical data for Poland and groups of the EU countries in the years 2000–2019. The research indicates the indicators of the shares of employment growth in GDP growth (the so-called absorption indicators) are in Poland much lower than in the country groups of the Eurozone, EU 15 and EU 27. Estimations of the limits of jobless growth indicate they are in Poland much lower in the years 2000–2019 than earlier, and moreover their levels are in Poland much higher than in the mentioned country groups.
Diversity of MDE Toolboxes and Their Uncommon Properties
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Gabriel , Lebtag Bruno Gabriel Araújo , Basso Fábio Paulo
Published: November 2020

Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) has reached some maturity. Due to that, a high diversity of technologies and platforms have emerged to support the resolution of a range of problems and contexts in which MDEis adopted as a solution. As a consequence, when some level of reuse of those artifacts (such as model transformations, Domain-Specific Languages(DSLs) and refinement tools), difficulties are faced due to the high diversity of formats in which all those assets are specified. Since we noted this trend, we decided to search for instances in the literature that supports our hypothesis of a high degree of diversity in MDE artifacts in the state of the practice. Thus, we carried out an exploratory literature review. As a result, we summarized key studies used as input to build a search string adopted to structure a future systematic literature review. Our study contributes by classifying nine types of MDE toolboxes with uncommon properties than those usually found in MDE workbenches.
Pesquisando Soluções para Desafios em MDE com Kuaba
Authors: De Medeiros Adriana Pereira
Published: November 2020

A pesquisa em Engenharia dirigida por modelos (MDE – Model-Driven Engineering) tem alcançado grande progresso nos últimos anos. No entanto, ainda há desafios técnicos, alguns relacionados à incerteza durante o design de modelos de software, que é causada por muitas alternativas de design, informações incompletas e opiniões conflitantes dos stakeholders. A abordagem Kuaba para design rationale trata as causas dessa incerteza. Este artigo apresenta algumas perspectivas de pesquisa de um projeto em andamento que investiga como Kuaba pode ser utilizada no desenvolvimento de soluções para esses desafios em MDE.
Building DEVS Models from the Functional Design of Software Architecture Components to Estimate Quality
Authors: Blas Maria Julia , Leone Horacio P. , Gonnet Silvio M.
Published: November 2020

Software architectures can be used as a vehicle to improve the study of quality properties in the early stages of development. This paper proposes an automatic mapping between the design of architectural components and the specification of DEVS atomic models with aims to evaluate all-purpose quality metrics. Then, we use the functional description of architectural components (that address functional requirements) to estimate the architecture adjustment to non-functional requirements. The guidelines for structuring the simulation models are defined starting from the design of high-level components. To illustrate the proposal, web-based architecture is used as proof of concepts.
The COVID-19 Outbreak and Its Emotional Consequences: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey at the Peak of the Pandemic in Iran
Authors: Fardin Mohammad Ali , Shirazi Mahmoud , Khaneghahi Sophia
Published: November 2020

Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, which has exponentially spread across the world, the number of cases and deaths in Iran has been higher than in other Middle Eastern countries. This has brought about and will lead to unprecedented psychological and emotional consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on the general public's emotional state in Iran. Methods: An online survey was conducted from March 24-26. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling technique. The online survey collected information on demographic data. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were used to collect data. Results: In total, 428 respondents from 62 cities participated in this study. The linear regression analysis showed a significant association between the COVID-19 outbreak and the negative general public's emotional state in Iran, indicating that the COVID-19 outbreak increased negative states (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a direct and effective impact on all aspects of life. Negative emotions are the main consequence of the outbreak. So mental health teams should be formed in the media to improve the emotions of the general public by providing online or in-person psychological services with complete and updated treatment information and programs.
Increased Epicardial Fat Tissue is Predictor for Patients with Ischemia and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Qi Lin , Qu Xinkai , Shi Kailei , Mao Dingbiao , Li Ming
Published: November 2020

Background: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may play a vital role in the progression of ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA). CT can achieve a precise quantification of EAT for its higher spatial resolution compared to other methods. Objectives: This study aimed at exploring EAT in patients with INOCA, and its associations with other clinical factors. Patients and Methods: From January 2017 to October 2018, a total of 254 consecutive patients suspected with coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) underwent cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA). There were 195 patients who were excluded for obstructive CAD by CCTA analysis and CT derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) (≤ 0.80). Seventy-two patients with either angina and/or signs of ischemia but without obstructive CAD were recruited as INOCA group. Forty-eight controls without angina and risk factors for INOCA were enrolled as the control group. EAT volume and thickness, and other factors were analyzed in INOCA and control groups. Results: Despite similar body mass index (BMI), EAT thickness and volume were significantly elevated in INOCA patients compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for identifying INOCA exhibited a higher area under the curve of EAT volume (0.773, 95%CI 0.616-0.930) than EAT thickness (0.692, 95%CI 0.597-0.786). The cut-off values for EAT thickness and volume were 3.2 mm and 179.6 cm3, respectively. Presence of hypertension, triglyceride levels, and EAT thickness and volume were significantly associated with INOCA and slightly affected by other factors in multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: INOCA patients have more EAT compared with controls. EAT is a marker of INOCA and may be a predictor of pharmacological therapy and a prognostic indicator. Further research should focus on the myocardial microcirculation changes by EAT volume reduction.
Creativity as a Resource of Adaptation in a Politically and Economically Unstable Environment
Authors: Vasylkevych Yaroslava Z. , Lomak Olha M. , Zozulia Iryna M. , Kochereva Diana V. , Kikinezhdi Oksana M.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was to identify the specifics of creativity in student age and the peculiarities of socio-psychological adaptation in a politically and economically unstable environment, as well as gender and micro group patterns of the relationship between creativity and adaptability. The methods such as the Guilford-Torrance method, “Desire for creativity” Scale, Kettell test, Methods of Moreno sociometry, Leary’s method, and Dembo-Rubinstein method were used to monitor the variables. The study identified that non-verbal creativity develops in individuals aged 16-17 years. The creative attitude to life develops in the ones aged 17-18. At the age of 18-19, creativity becomes the most integrated into the system of personal characteristics are motivational and personal components of creativity, which form positive connections with the fundamental adaptive personality characteristics, which indicates a greater adaptive resource of creatively oriented individuals. It was also found that boys, compared to girls, were more prone to leadership, more persistent, assertive (E), more emotionally stable (C), calm (O), and also more independent (Q2). Girls were more likely to feel guilty, anxious (O), more sociable, open (A), sensitive, and vulnerable (I). The study found that students with a high level of development of divergent thinking and its components (cognitive factors of creativity) carry out interpersonal communication (as a component of adaptation) most flexibly and effectively making students less prone to depersonalisation and reducing the risk of emotional exhaustion and maladaptation.
RESONANT RADIATION OF ATOM IN SGUEEZED LIGHT FIELD
Authors: ZHANG WEI-PING  , TAN WEI-HAN  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

In the paper, applying the stochastic statistical methods, we obtain the resonant radiation spectrum of a two-level atom ensemble driven by multimode squeezed light. Co-responding to different squeezing degrees of the quantum fluctuations of the driving field, the central peak of radiation spectrum exhibits subnatural-and supernatural-linewidth phenomenon, and in all cases the side peaks are broadened. The positions of the side peaks and the character of symmetry of radiation spectrum depend upon the coherent excitation direction and the squeezing direction of the driving field.
COUPLING EFFECT BETWEEN A SHALLOW-IMPURITY POTENTIAL AND A NARROW QUANTUM-WELL
Authors: ZHU JIA-LIN  ,   清华大学现代应用物理系
Published: November 2020

Using a novel variational wave function for the ground state of the shallow donor in a narrow GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs quantum-well, we have calculated the wave function and the binding energy for impurity ground state. The numerical results shown that it is important to describe the coupling between the narrow quantum-well and the impurity potential correctly.
A SINGLE BAND-DOUBLE VALLEY THEORY FOR SUPERLA-TTICE AND QUANTUM WELL
Authors: XUE FANG-SHI  ,   南京电子器件研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, an analytical energy band easy to calculate for GaAs, AlAs and AlGaAs is proposed. The transfer eigenvalue and energy effective mass are obtained by asing the LCAO transfer matrix model. By studing the transfer eigenrunction for two energy valleys, the transformation between different energy valleys is derived, from which new concepts about symmetry transformer and symmetry filter are suggested. Using the energy effective masses and the transformation coefficients between energy valleys at the interface, we derive the equations of envelope function and their boundary conditions for this single band-double valley model. Applying this theory to GaAs/AlGaAs/AlAs system, the confined energy level and wavefunc-tion are calculated. Finally, the significance of this generalized effective mass theory is discussed.
ION RANGE DISTRIBUTION IN MULTILAYER MATERIALS
Authors: XIA YUE-YUAN  , XU XIAN-GANG  , ZHANG ZHAO-LIN  , TAN CHUN-YU  , YANG HONG  , SUN XIU-FANG  ,   (1)山东大学计算机科学系; (2)山东大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we present a new method for calculation of depth profiles of implanted ions in multilayer materials. It combines the Monte Carlo simulation method with the method of numerical solution of the LSS transport equation. Taking into account the reflection of the ions at the interfaces of the layers the analytical expression of the range distribution in the multilayer materials is obtained. The comparison between the theoretical and the experimental results is made and good agreement is shown.
A STUDY OF He TRAPPING AND RELEASE IN THE HR-1 STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: LI YU-PU  , WANG PEI-XUAN  , ZHANG GUO-GUANG  , MA RU-ZHANG  , LIU JIA-RUI  , ZHU PEI-RAN  , QIU CHANG-QING  ,   (1)北京科学技术大学材料物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The HR-1 austenic steel have been irradiated with 70 keV 4He ions to the dose of 5×1016—1018cm2 at room temperature. Isochronal post-annealing has been carried out at temperatures up to 1273 K. 2.5 MeV proton elastic scattering,TEM and SEM are used to investigate the trap-ping, migration and release of He.
X-RAY TOPOGRAPHIC CONTRAST OF INCLUSIONS IN CRYSTAL OF POTASSIUM ACID PHTHALATE
Authors: ZHAO QING-LAN  , HUANG YI-SEN  ,   中国科学院福建物质结构研究所
Published: November 2020

X-ray topographic contrast of inclusions in the crystal of potassium acid phthalate (KAP) has been studied experimentally and theoretically. The nature of inclusion formation was determined in view of their black and white contrast. An "Inclusion Decoration Method" for use in determining the nature of the strained regions in the crystal with very large areas has been proposed. The results together with such an analysis technique are presented in this paper. It has provided a practical way to identify the structural weakness in single crystals.
AN ARUPS STUDY OF CO ON Fe(110) SURFACE
Authors: BAO SHI-NING  , HUANG QIN-LONG  , XU YA-BO  ,   浙江大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The chemisorption of CO on Fe(ll0) surface has been investigated using angle resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (ARUPS)The experimental results, compared with the calculation, show that the molecular axis of Co is nearly perpendicular to the iron surface at 150K and low coverage of CO. The angle between CO axis and the surface normal is less than 10 degrees.
A METHOD FOR MEASURING THE MICRO-VIBRATION AMPLITUDE BY USING INTENSITY-COMPARISON LOCK-IN TECHNIQUE OF LASER
Authors: LI YONG-GUI  , ZHUANG JIE-JIA  , JI YU-LING  ,   (1)山西师范大学; (2)中国科学院高能物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A method of measuring micro-vibration amplitude with laser is presented. By using the optical resonant characteristic of Fabry-Perot etalon and intensity-comparison lock-in technique of laser, we have completed a measurement with the minimum amplitude of vibration at the order of 10-12 cm under the condition of an ordinary laboratory.
INVESTIGATION OF THE ANOMALOUS HALL EFFECT IN n-Ge AT ROOM TEMPERATURE BY THE INVERSION LAYERS MODEL
Authors: XING XU  , JIANG WEI  , WANG XI-FU  ,   (1)东北师范大学物理系; (2)东北师范大学物理系,辽阳石油化工专科学校
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we make quantitative rheor ncal calculation for the anomalous Hall effect in n-Ge semiconductor at room teperature by use of the inversion layers model. The results are in agreement with the experiments.
A METHOD FOR DETERMINING IF TWO OR MORE DEEP LEVELS BELONG TO THE SAME CENTER
Authors: CHEN KAI-MAO  , JIN SI-XUAN  , WU LAN-QING  , TAN XUE-QING  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper two kinds of photocapacitance transientes, corresponding respectively to two cases of coupling and uncoupling of two or more deep levels have been studied in detail. According to the great difference of the two kinds of the photocapacitance transientes, a method of determining if two or more deep levels belong to the same center has been suggested. It has some advantages that it can be used to measure the sample including more than two deep levels, the processes are quite simple, and it takes short time to finish a measurement. For example, this method has been used to judge the donor and acceptor levels related to gold in Si. The result has proved that they belong to the same center related to gold in Si.
THE EFFECT OF ANHARMONIC INTERACTIONS AMONG LATTICE ATOMS ON THE ION IMPLANTATION
Authors: LlU JIA-RUI  , ZHANG JIAN-HUA  , LI YI  ,   (1)天津师范大学物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The interactions between incident particles and solids in ion implantation have been in-vestigated based on the generalized Langevin equation of classical dynamics. Considering an-harmonic effects of interactions among lattice atoms the energy exchange between incident particles and target atoms, the nuclear stopping power and the distributions of project ranges have been calculated numerically. The effect of the phonon spectra excited by the incident particles has been discussed also. All calculations are in good agreement with the results of the program TRIM88 in the low energy range.
TWO-PHOTON TRANSITIONS IN ATOMIC INNER-SHELLS FOR Xe——RELETIVISTIC EFFECT AND ATOMIC SCREENING EFFECT
Authors: TONG XIAO-MIN  , LI JIA-MING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

There is recent interest in atomic inner-shell two-photon decay processes because state-of-art experimental techniques (such as electronic coincident measurement etc.) have made it possible to measure the two-photon decay rate in the X-ray region. We perform relativistic self-consistent field calculations on the two-photon decay rates of (ls)-1→(ns)-1 transitions (n = 2,3,4) and (ls)-1→(nd)-1 transitions (n = 3,4) for hydrogen, hydrogen-like Xe ion and Xe atoms. Comparing the hydrogemc and the hydrogen-like Xe ion rates, we can clearly demonstrate the relativistic effect. Comparing our previous non-relativistic and our present relativistic Xe atom rates, we can also demonstrate the relativistic effect in the atomic inner-shell two photon decays. Comparing the hydrogen-like Xe ion and the Xe atom rates, we can explain the atomic screening effect. After elucidating the relativistic effect and the atomic screening effect, we are convinced that we have obtained the reliable relativistic rates, which can provide a basis to analyze th effect of electron correlations in the atomic inner-shell two-photon decays. We also compare our results with the experimental measurement and other theoretical results.
A STUDY ON ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION OF A(Bi1/21B1/22)O3 SYSTEM
Authors: WANG QIANG  , ZHANG XIAO-WEN  , GU BING-LIN  ,   (1)清华大学材料科学与工程系; (2)清华大学现代应用物理系
Published: November 2020

In the paper, we use the theory of order-disorder transition to discuss this kind of transition in A(B1/21 B1/22)O3 system. We point out thai interaction energy parameter J plays an important role in the formation of ordered domain with B:B = 1:1. In addition, the relation among the interaction, charge and size of the B-site ions is discussed. The results are in agreement with experiments reasonably.
A THEORY OF SWELLING DUE TO VOID GROWTH IN IRRADIATED MATERIALS (Ⅰ)——NEUTRAL SINKS
Authors: ZHU HUI-LONG  ,   北京师范大学低能核物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The Point defect concentrations around voids and dislocations in irradiated materials were studied using reaction-diffusion equations. The equations which contained the terms involving recombination of vacancies and interstitials were solved approximately. It turned out that the effects of the recombination on the sink strengths cannot be neglected when damage dose rate and void size become large Actually, we obtain that when void radius is greater than 200A and damage dose rate reaches 10-2 dPa/s the values of void sink and dislocation sink streng ths exceed more than 50% of those given by previous works.
ON THE INTERACTION OF H2 (X1∑g+)—H2(E1∑g+) SYSTEM
Authors: Lü YAN-NAN  , HUANG ZU-QIA  ,   北京师范大学低能核物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A perturbative calculation for the long-range and intermediate interactions between excited state H2(E1∑g+) and ground state H2(X1∑g+) in the crossed geometry is performed by using a trial wavefunction depending on the interelectronic distance explicitly. According to the results, there is a potential energy barrier around the inter-molecular separation D = 6.5α0. Inside the barrier, there shows a strong chemical bond behavior.