bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF COLLABORATIVE STRATEGIC READING (CSR) ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION AT ISLAMIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Adila Rima , Eliza Trimadona  , Uyun Nafiah
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) on students’ reading comprehension in class X MA Al-Khairiyah Tanjung Jabung Barat and to find out the significant difference between students who were taught with CSR and those who were not. This research is quantitative research with quasi experimental designusing total sampling. The population and research sample were class X IPK and X IPS MA Al-Khairiyah Tanjung Jabung Barat. Total population was 44 students. In sampling 22 students in the experimental class and 22 students in the control class. Quasi experiment has been applied in this study with the design of 2 groups pre-test and 2 group post-test. The result of this study show that there is a significant effect on students’ reading comprehension after being taught using CSR. This result can be seen from the T-test which show average value of the experimental class pre-test is 54.73 and the average of the control class pre-test is 51.82 while the average value of the control class post test is 63.82 and the average of the experimental class post test is 74.18 higher than the pre-test is 54.73. In the paired sample T-test result sig (2-tailed)0,000 is smaller than 0.05 this proves 𝐻𝑎 is accepted while the independent sample test result sig (2-tailed) is 0,002 < 0.05 it means that there is a significant difference. The researcher concluded that using Collaborative Strategic Reading can improve students’ reading comprehension and there is a significant difference betwen student who are taught with CSR and student who are not taught with CSR.
Role of Receivables Cash and Dividends in Stock Investment on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Chandra Yulian Ade , Kinanti Kartika Ayu , Setyobakti Moh. Hudi
Published: November 2023

Investment plays an important role in a country's economy. How companies controlled by majority shareholders can establish a relationship of mutual need and mutual benefit with retail investors. Dividends can be a bridge for fair and proportional profit sharing. The ratio of receivables to cash and Dividend Per Share is important to be further investigated using statistical tests. The ratio of receivables to cash is a novelty in financial management research. If the ratio of receivables to cash is too high, it will create the potential for high dependence of the company on the collective receivables in the future to finance its operations. This article was created with the aim of gaining a strong understanding of the ratio of accounts receivable to cash and Dividend Per Share (DPS) and its relation to sharia-indexed stock prices. The method used in writing this article is descriptive qualitative method. Based on empirical studies and also analysis in the discussion, it shows that Dividend Per Share (DPS) has a large and crucial role in making decisions on stock buying and selling transactions made by investors. This can be interpreted that theoretically, Dividend Per Share (DPS) affects stock prices.
Influence of Lifestyle , Brand Image , Price, and Promotion of Purchasing Decisions on Cafe Belikopi
Authors: Gandhi Rizky Amalia , Kasno Kasno , Ermawati Emmy
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of lifestyle, brand image, price, and promotion variables on purchasing decisions at Belikopi Cafe. This research is a quantitative type using primary data, the primary data obtained from this study is that the researcher distributes questionnaires to consumers who come to the belikopi cafe by submitting several statements regarding lifestyle variables, brand image, prices, promotions, and purchasing decisions at the belikopi cafe using Likert scale measurement. The sampling technique in this study used probability sampling and incidental sampling which included simple random sampling using a sample of 50 respondents. The independent variables used in this study are lifestyle, brand image, price, and promotions, while the dependent variable is a purchase decision. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. This study uses SPSS 24, the results of this study indicate that promotion variables partially influence purchasing decisions, while lifestyle, brand image, and price variables do not influence purchasing decisions. This can be proven by the results of the coefficient of determination (R2) obtained by 0.0573 or 5.73%.
Decision-Making System for Selecting Alternative Product Purchase Stores in Tokopedia Using A Combination of SAW and TOPSIS
Authors: Nurdiansyah Yanuar , Ardi M Zukhrofi , Hidayat M Arief
Published: November 2023

In the era of advancing digital technology enabling online business transactions, e-commerce platforms like Tokopedia have rapidly grown in Indonesia, providing consumers with a wide array of products and services. However, this abundance of choices often leads to consumer confusion when selecting alternative stores for their purchases. Additionally, Tokopedia's search filter feature is limited, merely sorting products based on selected criteria without considering the consumer's specific needs. To address these issues, a decision-making system is essential, aiding consumers in choosing products from alternative stores that best align with their individual preferences and predetermined criteria. This study proposes a combined methodology employing the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Initially, the SAW method normalizes values (r), which are subsequently ranked using the TOPSIS method to generate recommendations for alternative stores based on input criteria and weights. The adoption of this decision-making system is poised to enhance the online shopping experience for Tokopedia users by providing well-informed recommendations, improving overall satisfaction, and streamlining the purchasing process. In conclusion, this research offers a promising approach to addressing the challenges posed by the abundance of choices in online retail, ultimately benefiting both consumers and online businesses.
Linking Transformational Leadership and Work Environment Towards Employee Engagement
Authors: Pringgabayu Dematria , Satiadharma Moehamad
Published: November 2023

This study was to determine the impact of transformational leadership and work environment on employee engagement at Bidlabfor Polda  with organizational normative  commitment as an intervening variable. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method with primary data sources used in this study. The subjects in this study included employees of the Forensic Laboratory of the Java Regional Police, a total of 53 people. The sample was collected using census sampling technique, which is a sampling technique that takes into account all available populations for sampling. For data analysis methods, descriptive analysis and partial least squares (PLS) analysis were used. Based on data analysis on the impact of transformational leadership style and work environment on employee performance at Bidlabfor Polda with organizational normative commitment as the mediating variable, it can be concluded that  commitment of the organization is the variable that has the greatest influence in forming an optimal environment. employee contract. Therefore, transformational leadership can only shape employee engagement if it is associated with good normative engagement with the organization.
Model for Presenting Financial Reports of Non-Profit Organizations at Educational Foundations
Authors: Adzani Akhmad Noval , Sopanah Ana , Anggarani Dwi
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the process of preparing financial reports presented by the Foundation. Apart from that, it is also to present financial reports to the Foundation using the basis of ISAK (Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards) 35. This research was conducted at the Al-Hidayah Kindergarten Education Foundation, Pasuruan City, East Java, Indonesia. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative, using primary and secondary data. The informants in this research were the person in charge, secretary, and financial manager or treasurer. After conducting research at the Al-Hidayah Kindergarten Education Foundation, Pasuruan City, there were several conclusions that answered the questions in the research focus. The Al-Hidayah Kindergarten Education Foundation, Pasuruan City has not used the appropriate basis, namely ISAK 35, in its reporting, this is due to the lack of knowledge possessed by the finance department in providing financial information in accordance with applicable standards.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ОГНЕСТОЙКИХ И ТЕРМОИЗОЛИРУЮЩИХ СВОЙСТВ ВСПЕНИВАЕМЫХ КОМПОЗИТОВ С ПРИВЛЕЧЕНИЕМ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА
Authors:   Учреждение Белорусского государственного университета «Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химических проблем» (НИИ ФХП БГУ), БОГДАНОВА В.В. , КОБЕЦ О.И. ,   Учреждение Белорусского государственного университета «Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химических проблем» (НИИ ФХП БГУ), ПЛАТОНОВ А.С. ,   Государственное учреждение образования «Университет гражданской защиты Министерства по чрезвычайным ситуациям Республики Беларусь», ПЕРЕВОЗНИКОВА А.Б. ,   Учреждение образования «Белорусский государственный педагогический университет им. М. Танка»
Published: November 2023

С помощью метода математического планирования эксперимента оптимизирована рецептура вспенивающегося полимерного композиционного материала на основе этилен-винилацетатного термопластичного связующего. Для определения зависимости характеристик горючести (максимального приращения температуры и потери массы) композита от содержания компонентов в составе его газококсообразующей системы (ГКС) применяли регрессионную модель полного факторного эксперимента (ПФЭ) с использованием достроенной матрицы ортогонального центрально-композиционного плана (ОЦКП) двухфакторной модели эксперимента 2-го порядка. Корректировкой соотношения компонентов ГКС, состоящей из аммонийного фосфата, амина и карбонатного минерала, получен трудногорючий материал с улучшенной термоизолирующей способностью. Для исследуемой композиции установлено, что одним из факторов, обусловливающих снижение горючести и повышение предела огнестойкости (до 104 мин), является образование вспененной механически прочной коксообразной структуры, устойчивой в широком температурном интервале (300-800 ◦С).
К ПРОБЛЕМЕ ГОРЕНИЯ ОЧАГОВНА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ БАЛЛИСТИТНОГО ПОРОХА
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ФИНЯКОВ С.В.
Published: November 2023

Нестационарное горение - весьма сложный процесс, возникающий в лабораторных и практических устройствах при сжигании в них порохов и взрывчатых веществ. В работе исследованы некоторые вопросы, связанные с нестационарным горением, возникающим при формировании очагов горения на поверхности баллиститного пороха Н. Изучать нестационарное горение можно не только с позиций тепловой теории горения, но и привлекая некоторые дополнительные соображения. Например, методы релаксационных и колебательных процессов, в которых скорость горения меняется со временем. В данной работе часто используются указанные соображения. Применение дополнительных методов позволяет в ряде случаев получить довольно простые модельные представления и количественные результаты на их основе, согласующиеся с экспериментальными данными. Несмотря на частный характер исследуемых вопросов, их решение с помощью разных методов полезно для понимания процессов нестационарного горения.
ПЕРЕДАЧА ГОРЕНИЯ В ВЫСОКОПОРИСТЫХ НАНОТЕРМИТАХ ЧЕРЕЗ ИНЕРТНЫЕ ПРЕГРАДЫ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, КИРИЛЕНКО В.Г. , ДОЛГОБОРОДОВ А.Ю. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук,   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук,   Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ», БРАЖНИКОВ М.А. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук
Published: November 2023

Представлены результаты экспериментального исследования с помощью высокоскоростной видеосъемки распространения горения нанотермитов (НТ) Al/CuO через инертные преграды в замкнутых оболочках (трубках) из кварцевого стекла. В качестве инертных преград были использованы вискоза и воздушные промежутки. При прохождении преграды из вискозы скорость распространения светящегося фронта (которую авторы связывают со скоростью горения) заметно падала, но после входа в НТ - восстанавливалась до исходной величины. Что касается воздушных промежутков, то при разлете в воздух скорость увеличивалась в 2-3 раза, затем устанавливался обычный режим распространения. Наличие в трубке c термитной смесью воздушных промежутков позволяет значительно снизить массу этой смеси при незначительном уменьшении средней скорости горения по сравнению с полностью заполненной трубкой той же длины.
ЭНТАЛЬПИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ТРИНИТРОМЕТИЛЬНОЙ ГРУППЫ
Authors:   едеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, МИРОШНИЧЕНКО Е.А. , КОНЬКОВА Т.С. ,   едеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ШАСТИН А.В. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр проблем химической физики и медицинской химии Российской академии наук, ВОРОБЬЁВ А.Б. ,   едеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ИНОЗЕМЦЕВ Я.О. ,   едеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ИНОЗЕМЦЕВ А.В. ,   едеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, МАТЮШИН Ю.Н. ,   едеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, КОРСУНСКИЙ Б.Л. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук,   Федеральный исследовательский центр проблем химической физики и медицинской химии Российской академии наук
Published: November 2023

Калориметрическим методом определены энтальпии сгорания и энтальпии образования трех тринитрометильных производных 1,3,5-триазина. Полученные данные могут быть полезны для расчетов термохимических свойств родственных соединений методом замены функциональных групп. Термохимические характеристики тринитрометильных групп из производных 1,3,5-триазина сопоставлены с соответствующими свойствами этих групп в азолах и нитроалканах.
Cigarette Displays Around the School Area and Cigarette Sales in the School Area
Authors: Hayati Fitri , Siregar Putra Apriadi , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Mohammed Nasri , Ahsan Abdillah , Arrazy Syafran
Published: November 2023

The tobacco industry continues to promote tobacco through cigarette displays, especially in areas easily accessible to youth and school students. One of the tactics that cigarette companies keep using is cigarette displays around the school area. This study aimed to determine the impact of cigarette displays around schools on cigarette sales in the school area. This study was conducted on cigarette sellers around schools in Medan City. This study was conducted on 18 cigarette sellers for 14 days. The interventions given were cigarette displays covered with cloth, cigarette displays hidden, and cigarette displays without intervention. Data analysis was conducted using an ANOVA test using JASP version 17.The results showed a difference in total sales between cloth-covered displays, hidden treatments, and no intervention (ANOVA test p = 0.015). The results showed a difference in sales profit between cloth-covered displays, hidden treatments, and no intervention (ANOVA test p = 0.004). The provision of interventions on cigarette displays treated as hidden reduced average cigarette sales in cigarette stores. Intervention in cigarette displays covered with cloth reduced average cigarette sales in cigarette stores. The Medan City Government should regulate cigarette displays at cigarette stores around the school area to reduce cigarette consumption among students. The Education Office and schools should collaborate with cigarette sellers around the school area to stop the display of cigarettes and not sell cigarettes to students.

 

Keywords:  Cigarettes, Cigarette displays, Cigarette stores, School area
Antibacterial Effectiveness of Cinnamon Peel Ethanol Extract Toothpaste (Cinnamomum burmanni) In Inhibiting the Growth of Streptococcus Bacteria
Authors: Waty Syahdiana , Lusiani Yetti , Saragih Aminah Br.
Published: November 2023

Streptococcus is one of the dominant bacteria in the oral cavity. This bacteria is the bacteria that causes dental caries. Toothpaste containing fluoride is important for preventing tooth decay. Using fluoride toothpaste creates a dilemma because it can cause side effects in the form of fluorosis if used in concentrations that are not recommended. However, there is an alternative way, namely by using toothpaste which contains essential oils and plant extracts. The type of research used is the experimental method. The research was conducted at the pharmaceutical laboratory of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Medan and the Microbiology laboratory of the University of North Sumatra Hospital, which was carried out from May to July 2023. The samples in this study were dental plaque taken from 30 respondents pre and post intervention application of 12.5% cinnamon bark ethanol extract toothpaste. The data obtained will be analyzed statistically using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test and the parametric Pair T-Test. The results showed that toothpaste with cinnamon bark ethanol extract with a concentration of 12.5% had significant antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus bacteria with a p value <0.05. This toothpaste is able to significantly reduce the number of bacterial colonies found in dental plaque in all bacterial groups. It is hoped that these results will provide information to the public that the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark can be used as an active ingredient in toothpaste.

Keywords:  Antibacterial,  Cinnamon bark,  Streptococcus, Toothpaste
A. P. Chekhov: pro et contra. Vol. 4. Contemporary Research Aspects (2000-2020), an anthology / compiled, the introduction article, commentary by I. N. Sukhikh. St. Petersburg: RKHGA Publishing House, 2022. 800 p. (Russian Way): Book review
Authors: Skibina Olga Mikhailovna
Published: November 2023

The book under review analyzes the genre of collective monograph which comprises the articles of the modern researchers studying the life and creative work of A. P. Chekhov according to the discussion principle ‘pro et contra’ with the classicists of Czech studies. Such discussion is requested by the time and actualized in the new anthology discourse.
Identificación de las principales enfermedades de la planta del café (Coffea arabica) a través de visión artificial
Authors: Flores Colorado Oscar Eder , Cervantes Canales Jair , García Lamont Farid , Ruíz Castilla Jose Sergio
Published: November 2023

Se utilizan técnicas de reconocimiento de patrones para identificar hojas sanas y cuatro enfermedades de la planta del café Coffeea arabica. Las enfermedades son la roya del café, el minador de la hoja, phoma quema y Cercospora coffeicola. Para lograrlo, se ocuparon diferentes técnicas de segmentación, entre ellas Otsu, PCA y método de frontera global. Con el fin de obtener el vector de características, las imágenes se procesaron para extraer las características cromáticas, geométricas y textuales. Por último, se implementaron cuatro algoritmos de clasificación, entre los que se encuentran support vector machine, random forest, Naive Bayes y redes neuronales artificiales backpropagation. La mejor precisión obtenida es del 83% con segmentación Otsu y clasificación con redes neuronales artificiales backpropagation.
ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ КУКУРУДЗИ РОЗЛУСНОЇ (ZEA MAYS EVERTA) ТА ОЦІНКА МОДЕЛЕЙ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЇЇ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ЗАЛЖЕНО ВІД УДОБРЕННЯ ТА НОРМ ВИСІВУ
Authors: Панчишин Василь , Маєвський Олександр , Коткова Тетяна , Яременко Ольга , Ніткіна Тетяна
Published: November 2023

В роботі наведені результати досліджень визначення зернової продуктивності кукурудзи розлусної залежно від удобрення та норми висіву.На варіанті без добрив урожайність склала 2,44 т/га. За внесення добрив приріст урожаю збільшувався і на варіанті N45P45K
ПОНЯТІЙНО-КАТЕГОРІАЛЬНИЙ АПАРАТ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІСТОРІЇ ПОВСЯКДЕННЯ
Authors: Шауренко Анна
Published: November 2023

У статті розглянуто важливість та застосування понятійно-категоріального підходу, зокрема в площині дослідження повсякденного життя. Представлено терміни й поняття, які допомагають структурувати, аналізувати та інтерпретувати різноманітні аспекти повсякд
Analysis of Requirements for Inhalation Toxicity Studies of Chemicals
Authors: Verner A. O. , Ustinova T. M. , Kon’shakov Yu. O. , Vengerovich N. G.
Published: November 2023

SCIENTIFIC RELEVANCE. Studies of the inhalation administration of chemicals are associated with challenges in designing experiments. The parameters to be selected include the experimental animal species, the inhalation chamber, and the mode of inhalation (dynamic or static).

AIM. This study aimed to analyse the practical application of regulatory requirements to non-clinical studies of the inhalation toxicity of chemicals.

DISCUSSION. This review compares international and Russian standards for studying the inhalation toxicity of chemicals, including GOST 32542-2013, GOST 326432020, GOST 32636-2020, GOST 32383-2013, and GOST 2646-2014. The improvement of the legal and regulatory framework correlates with adopting the Good Laboratory Practice and the risk-based approach to categorising test substances into hazard classes. Hazard classes are determined in rodents without dose extrapolation to humans. The authors present the differences between the main guidelines on inhalation exposure in rodent studies of acute, subacute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity. The article describes current approaches to assessing the inhalation toxicity of chemicals, which allow researchers to replace animal studies with in vitro tests.

CONCLUSIONS. According to the current regulatory standards, inhalation toxicity is studied in rats/mice, which have anatomical differences from humans. As an alternative to animal studies, researchers are developing and validating in vitro methods, which yet require regulatory review and approval.
Technical and Legal Aspects of Ensuring Safety of Transportation of Dangerous Goods of Hazard Classes 2 and 3 in Tank Cars
Authors: Filippov V. N. , Nedorchuk B. L. , Petrov A. A. , Kurzina E. G.
Published: November 2023

The study has considered technical, organisational, and regulatory aspects of ensuring safety of transportation of dangerous goods by rail from the very beginnings of operation of domestic rolling stock to the present.The main type of rolling stock for transportation of dangerous goods are special tank cars, the reliability and safety of which depends on the quality of design, the level of technology development in production of components, and the perfection of interconnected structural elements.The study suggests a retrospective analysis of the most significant technological improvements in the design of tank cars and their most critical elements and considers in detail the experience of creating interdepartmental working groups with the participation of representatives of scientific organisations, design bureaus, developers, and operators of tank cars, which were engaged in an independent expert assessment of structures and units, manufacturing technologies, operation, monitoring issues, elimination of emergency situations with the subsequent development of recommendations and solutions aimed at preventing their occurrence.The paper highlights the relevance and necessity of taking appropriate organisational measures related to the design, manufacture, operation, and control of tank cars for the transportation of dangerous goods, monitoring and elimination of emergency situations, processing and amending regulatory documents, based on positive historical experience.It is proposed to consider the creation of a new generation of tank cars, a national or interstate standard in the field of monitoring the technical condition of tank cars for the transportation of dangerous goods, a permanent working group, a promising set of technical means of technical diagnostics, and a number of other possible solutions aimed at improving the safety of transportation of dangerous goods.
Urban Transportation Systems in Large Cities: Issues of Efficiency
Authors: Larin O. N.
Published: November 2023

Yu. V. Trofimenko, M. R. Yakimov. Monograph «Transport planning: formation of efficient transport systems of large cities». 2nd ed., rev. and enl. Perm, RADAR agency, 2022, 536 p. ISBN 978-5-6048401-0-8.The article is a review of the monograph «Transport planning: formation of efficient transport systems in large cities», prepared by well-known Russian transport scientists Yu. V. Trofimenko and M. R. Yakimov. The monograph summarises and systematizes extensive material on topical problems of functioning of the transport systems of large cities. The book also reflects modern approaches to transport planning and organisation of traffic in cities, methods for assessing quality of functioning of urban transport systems, issues of modelling and optimising design solutions for organising transport services for the population, as well as modern approaches to building transport management systems in territorial entities.
Non-Financial Risks of Introducing Information Systems into the Activities of Transport and Logistics Companies
Authors: Kargina L. A. , Ionova T. V.
Published: November 2023

Today, digital transformation is a priority vector for development of all economic sectors of the Russian Federation; at the same time, special attention in this context is paid to the transport and logistics sector due to its great importance for the country’s economy. The implementation of information systems that meet modern requirements, as well as with added functionality, is one of the key components of work in the field of digital transformation of transport.Most often, in this regard the attention is paid to financial and technological risks, while the influence of the human factor is considered rather superficially. Hence, the need to examine the risks that are primarily associated with employees of transport and logistics companies, as well as the impact of those risks on digital transformation in general and on the process of implementing information systems in particular, to suggest ways to minimise those risks in the context of modern corporate culture. JSC Russian Railways, as well as PJSC Aeroflot Russian Airlines, are considered as examples of companies that have already implemented advancement within the digital transformation vector.
Problems of Ensuring Safe Operation of Highly Automated Vehicles Using the Potential of Public and Private Law
Authors: Zemlin A. I.
Published: November 2023

The objective of the study was to critically comprehend several aspects that are significant for the theory of transport law and the practices of legal regulation of transport activities in the field of operation of highly automated vehicles. Those aspects concern relationship between the regulation of transport relations with the instruments of, respectively public and private law, associated with the typology of complex legal entities and the practices of economic sectors.Particular research tasks included a systemic legal analysis of the currently available number of modern scientific developments in the field of legal regulation of relations related to the use of highly automated vehicles, with the aim to reveal shortcomings, search for ways to eliminate conflicts and gaps in legal regulation. To achieve the research goals the study applied formal-dogmatic and systematic methods of special legal research. This approach allowed evaluation of a promising development vector of legal regulation in this area.The article largely summarises and expands the results of the research presented in earlier publications and proven in a scientific report during the Fifth Civil Readings in memory of Professor M. G. Pronina (March 16, 2023, Academy of Management under the President of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus).Based on the results of the research, it was concluded that several gaps in the legal regulation of relations related to introduction and use of highly automated vehicles create significant obstacles to effective development of the transport system, increases thus the relevance of the proposals to determine directions for further research in this area. Improving the legislative and regulatory framework will have a significant positive impact on successful expansion of the use of highly automated vehicles in the transport industry and within the entire economy.
The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Mitochondrial-Associated Indices in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hadjispyrou Spyridon , Dinas Petros C , Delitheos Spyridon Marios , Koumprentziotis Ioannis-Alexios , Chryssanthopoulos Costas , Philippou Anastassios
Published: November 2023

Background: Obesity is a significant health problem with an increasing incidence, causing a low-grade systemic inflammatory state and being implicated in various chronic diseases. Moreover, obesity has been shown to cause mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative stress and inflammation, eventually affecting energy metabolism. However, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can improve mitochondrial efficiency through exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to examine the potential effects of HIIT on mitochondrial-associated indices in obese and overweight adults. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. Results: Twenty-eight eligible studies were included, involving 530 participants. HIIT was found to significantly improve the activity of citrate synthase (CS), cytochrome C (COX-IV), beta-hydroxyacyl CoA-dehydrogenase (β-HAD), Complexes I-V as well as VO2max in overweight and obese individuals, whereas no significant changes were shown in PGC-1α and SIRT1. Interestingly, subgroup analyses revealed that CS, COX-IV, β-HAD, and Complexes I-V activity exhibited a significant improvement only in the healthy subgroup. Conclusions: Overall, HIIT can be utilized to enhance mitochondrial-associated indices in overweight and obese individuals. However, this improvement may be health status dependent.
Endothelial Progenitor-Cell-Derived Exosomes Induced by Astragaloside IV Accelerate Type I Diabetic-wound Healing via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Rats
Authors: Xiong Wu , Bai Xue , Zhang Xi , Lei Huajuan , Xiao Hui , Zhang Luyao , Xiao Yuting , Yang Qianpei , Zou Xiaoling
Published: November 2023

Objective: We explore the effects of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes (EPCexos) and of astragaloside IV (ASIV)-stimulated EPCexos (ASIV-EPCexos) on type I diabetic-wound healing, and determine the basic molecular mechanisms of action. Methods: EPCs were exposed to different concentrations of ASIV to generate ASIV-EPCexos. A chronic-wound healing model involving streptozotocin-stimulated diabetic rats was established. These rats were treated with EPCexos, ASIV-EPCexos, rapamycin, and wortmannin. Wound healing was evaluated by direct photographic observation, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson’s trichrome staining. Results: ASIV treatment increased the abilities of EPCs (e.g., proliferation), as well as exosome secretion. EPCexo showed a “cup holder” like structure. Treatment with ASIV-EPCexos increased the wound-healing rate, collagen-deposition area, bromodeoxyuridine uptake, VEGF expression, and the number of CD31- and αSMA- positive cells, whereas decreased epidermal thickness and CD45 expression. The expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway increased, whereas the expression of inflammatory factor decreased. However, rapamycin and wortmannin reversed these changes. Conclusions: ASIV-EPCexos may accelerate type I diabetic-wound healing via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This study may lay the foundation for new clinical treatment options for patients with type I diabetic wounds.
CITY IN GLOBAL CONVERSATIONS: A CONSTRUCTIVIST STUDY OF JAKARTA’S PARA-DIPLOMACY AND REGIONAL LEADER’S INTERNATIONAL VISIBILITY
Authors: Luerdi Luerdi
Published: November 2023

Para-diplomacy has been the agenda of many mega-cities through which they can express their capacity as well as creativity to pursue specific interests beyond borders. To cities, para-diplomacy can be conducted in many forms starting from merely ceremonial activities to the transnational municipal networks (TMNs). The city's active engagement in global forums which mostly belong to the TMNs’ agenda is often associated with the regional leader’s international visibility in global conversations. This paper aims to explain the determinant driving the regional leader’s international visibility within para-diplomacy practice, choosing Jakarta as a case study. This research applied the qualitative method and constructivist approach to investigate the role of ideational factors. The research found that the idea of a global city embraced by the regional leader – constructing the city’s identity and interests – encouraged the leader to be active in global forums. The city’s international visibility which was represented by the leader paved Jakarta to be an active global city through which it would be able to promote its local development and enhance its global role in responding to borderless global issues. This paper suggests that the internal determinants like the regional leaders (governor, mayor) with certain values matter to direct city para-diplomacy whether to project its leadership or merely to prioritize its bilateral para-diplomacy.
Konsep ekonomi fase pertama (Abu ubaid dan Abu Yusuf
Authors: RAMADANI AMELIA
Published: November 2023

Kehadiran ekonomi Islam di era kekinian, telah membuahkan hasil dengan banyak diwacanakan kembali ekonomi Islam dalam teori-teori dan dipraktikkannya ekonomi Islam di ranah bisnis modern seperti halnya lembaga keuangan syariah bank dan nonbank. Ekonomi Islam yang telah hadir kembali saat ini, bukanlah suatu hal yang tiba-tiba datang begitu saja. Ekonomi Islam sebagai sebuah cetusan konsep pemikiran dan praktik telah hadir secara bertahap dalam periode dan fase tertentu. Memang ekonomi sebagai sebuah ilmu maupun aktivitas dari manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya adalah sesuatu hal yang sebenarnya memang ada begitu saja, karena upaya memenuhi kebutuhan hidup bagi seorang manusia adalah suatu fitrah.
Konsep ekonomi fase pertama (Abu Ubaid dan Abu Yusuf)
Authors: Asisah
Published: November 2023

Ekonomi Islam yang telah hadir kembali untuk saat ini, bukanlah sesuatu hal yang bisa tiba-tiba datang dengan begitu saja. Ekonomi Islam ini sebagai sebuah cetusan konsep pemikiran dan praktik yang telah hadir secara bertahap dalam sebuah periode dan fase tertentu. Memang ekonomi ini sebagai sebuah ilmu maupun aktivitas dari manusia yang lainnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya adalah sesuatu hal yang sebenarnya sudah ada begitu saja, karena sebuah upaya memenuhi kebutuhan hidup bagi seorang manusia adalah sebuah fitrah. Kelangkaan tentang kajian sebuah pemikiran ekonomi dalam islam
A radical embodied characterization of German modal constructions
Authors: Torres-Martínez Sergio
Published: November 2023

This paper starts out from a radical embodied analysis of German modals. The merit of this proposal is that it provides a framework for the conceptualization of these constructions as part of a broader continuity between perception, memory and consciousness. According to the interpretation and defense of this view offered here, I will argue that modal events in German are constructed as instances of the embodied information encoded by specific constructional attachment patterns. The results of the corpus study in the latter part of the study reveal that syntactic content (rather than lexical information alone) is crucial for the reduction of both surprise and entropy, as it reflects cognitive processes associated with affordance mapping and the speakers’ need to increase epistemic capital. This shows that humans make use of stored perceptual maps, the combination of which allows us to construct and manipulate complex event representations.
Free will implicates inner speech via self-regulation
Authors: Morin Alain
Published: November 2023

Free will typically refers to any form of significant control over one’s actions. This definition is remarkably similar to that of self-regulation—the control of one's behavior, emotions, and thoughts in pursuit of long-term goals. Indeed, several scholars have proposed that the latter constitutes the psychological equivalent of the former. A large body of empirical work demonstrates that both covert (inner) and overt (private) forms of self-directed speech are causally associated with self-regulatory outcomes such as action planning, problem-solving, emotion regulation, attention, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and self-reflection. It thus seems logical to propose that free will too recruits self-directed speech. This argument is explored by reviewing the relevant literature pertaining to free will, self-regulation, and inner/private speech.
The influence of active learning model and prior knowledge choice on how long it takes to find hard-to-find relevant papers: Examining the variability of the time to discovery and the stability of its rank-orders
Authors: Byrne Fionn , Hofstee Laura , Teijema Jelle Jasper , de Bruin Jonathan , van de Schoot Rens
Published: November 2023

Tools that employ screening prioritization through active learning (AL) have accelerated the screening process significantly by ranking an unordered set of records by their predicted relevance. Failing to find a relevant paper might alter the findings of a systematic review, which highlights the importance of identifying hard-to-find relevant papers. The time to discovery (TD) measures how many records are needed to be screened to find a relevant paper, making it a useful tool for examining such papers. The main aim of this project was to investigate how the choice of the model and prior knowledge influence the TD values of the hard-to-find relevant papers and their rank orders. A simulation study was conducted mimicking the screening process on a dataset containing titles, abstracts, and labels used for a systematic review. The results demonstrated that AL model choice, and mostly the choice of the feature extractor but not the choice of prior knowledge, significantly influenced the TD values and the rank order of the TD values of the hard-to-find relevant papers. Future research should examine the characteristics of hard-to-find relevant papers to discover why they might take a long time to be found.
Veganism, Usoanimalism, and Omnitarianism: Defining New Terms in the Ethics of Consumption
Authors: Díaz Estela M.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents an exploration of the conceptual terms within vegetarianism and veganism, tracing their historical context and the evolution of their meanings in ethical discourse. We delve into the origins and development of these philosophies and practices, from ancient religious tenets to modern animal rights movements, to understand the multifaceted motivations behind them. The study also critically examines the conceptual delimitation of veganism and vegetarianism, highlighting the behavioral heterogeneity and terminological multiplicity that pose challenges for scholarly research. Through a literature review, we identify a taxonomy of adoption processes and motivations, including health, environmental, ethical, and social justice considerations. Additionally, we propose the use of two novel terminological approaches, 'use-animalism' and 'omnitarianism' to better capture the ideological nuances and behavioral implications of human-animal relationships. The paper argues for the importance of precise conceptualization in understanding and studying the varied pathways and reasons individuals adopt VEG* lifestyles. It contributes to the critical animal studies as well as the ethical consumption and VEG* literature by providing clarity on the different practices and their underlying moral and philosophical orientations, with implications for both researchers and practitioners in the field of sustainable and ethical consumption.
Synthetic Duality: A Framework for Analyzing Generative Artificial Intelligence’s Representation of Social Reality
Authors: Karell Daniel , Sachs Jeffrey , Barrett Ryan
Published: November 2023

The development of generative artificial intelligence (genAI) has caused concern about its potential risks, including how its ability to generate human-like texts could affect our shared perception of the social world. Yet, it remains unclear how best to assess and understand genAI's influence on our understanding of social reality. Building on insights into the representation of social worlds within texts, we develop an initial framework for analyzing genAI's content and its consequences for perceptions of social reality. We demonstrate this "synthetic duality" framework in two parts. First, we show that genAI can create, with minimal guidance, reasonable portrayals of actors and ascribe relational meaning to those actors – virtual social worlds within texts, or "Mondo-Breigers". Second, we examine how these synthetic documents with interior social worlds affect readers’ view of social reality. We find that they change individuals' perceptions of actors depicted in the documents, likely by updating individuals' expectations about the actors and their meanings. However, additional exploratory analyses suggest it is texts' style, not their construction of "Mondo-Breigers", that might be influencing people's perceptions. We end with a discussion of theoretical and methodological implications, including how genAI may unsettle structural notions of individuality. Namely, reimagining the duality of individuals and groups could help theorize growing homogeneity in an increasingly AI-informed world.
Challenges of Teaching English at Nepali Sanskrit University
Authors: Regmi Diwakar
Published: November 2023

The author of this paper discusses the challenges of teaching English language and literature at Nepal Sanskrit University in general and in Pindeshwar Vidyapeeth in particular. Based mainly on the experiences and observations of the author, the paper discusses the challenges of both teaching English for general purposes and teaching English for academic purposes. Moreover, it includes the experiences of fellow teachers of English and the opinions of select students of Pindeshwar Vidyapeeth as well, and has used theories on second language acquisition, foreign language learning and teaching English for academic purposes to support the main argument. The paper concludes that while some of the challenges of teaching English are common to all the universities in Nepal, some are specific to Nepal Sanskrit University alone, and suggests measures to overcome the challenges specific to the university.
रत्नावलीनाटिकायाः काव्यसौन्दर्यसमीक्षणम्
Authors: तिमिल्सिना Timilsina महानन्द Mahananda
Published: November 2023

महाकविर्हर्षवद्र्धनविरचिता चतुःसङ्ख्यकेष्वङ्केषु विभक्ता ‘रत्नावली’ नाटिका विश्वसंस्कृतसाहित्ये सुपरिचिता वर्तते । अनेकै रसभावादिभिः समलङ्कृतायामस्यां नाटिकायां काव्यसौन्दर्यवर्धकानां रसोऽलङ्कारछन्दसाम्, सूक्तेश्च कमनीयं सौन्दर्यं चकास्ति । एतादृशैः साहित्यिकसौन्दयैर्नाटकमिदं देदीप्यमानं प्रतीयते, पठनेन भावकानां मन आह्लादयति । तादृशस्य वैशिष्ट्यपूर्णस्य प्रस्तुतनाटकस्य साहित्यिकसौन्दर्यविश्लेषणकेन्द्रिते प्रकृते लेखेऽत्र समुपलब्धानां काव्यतत्त्वानां समीक्षा विहिताऽस्ति । गुणात्मिकायामनुसन्धानपद्धत्यामाधारितेऽस्मिननुसन्धाने द्वितीयकस्रोतसा प्राप्तानां सामग्रीणां संयोजनं वर्तते । रत्नावली स्वगुणगणेन प्राचीनकालादेव प्रसिद्धा । शास्त्रीयपद्धतिमाश्रित्य रचितमिदं रूपकं दशरूपके प्रसिद्धं वर्तते । रत्नावली दृश्यकाव्यदृष्ट्याऽभिनन्दनीया वर्तते । अत्रार्थप्रकृतयः, कार्यावस्थाः, सन्धयश्च वस्तुविन्यासस्यसाधनानि सन्ति । उदयनरत्नावल्योर्विवाहसम्पादनमेवास्य रूपकस्य प्रमुखमुद्देश्यमस्ति । अस्मिन्लेखे रत्नावल्यां कथावस्तुप्रयोगः, चरित्रचित्रणकौशलम्, अलङ्काररसादीनां प्रयोगस्थितिविषये विवेचनं कृतमस्ति । रसालङ्कारादिप्रयोगदृष्ट्या काव्यमिदं सफलं संलक्ष्यते । वस्तुरसालङ्कारध्वनि–गुणसूक्त्यादीनां कमनीयत्वमस्य नाटकस्य महनीयं सौन्दर्यं वर्तते ।
Etniczny podział pracy. Przyczyny i konsekwencje
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Wierzbicki Andrzej
Published: November 2023

One of the criteria of labour market segmentation, i.e. its division according to accessibility criteria, is ethnicity. The aim of this article is to indicate the conditions, causes and consequences of this phenomenon. The author attempts to explain the reasons for the ethnic division of labour on the basis of its historically established connection with the way of satisfying the needs of specific ethnic communities depending on geographical, natural and climate conditions and the development of colonialism and capitalism, which was accompanied by a growing demand for work, impossible to meet with the available resources. In addition, he points to several other reasons for ethnic division of labour.
Tworzenie i ochrona miejsc pracy w polityce publicznych służb zatrudnienia
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Flaszyńska Ewa
Published: November 2023

There are a number of instruments and institutions that support economic development and operate at national, regional and local levels. Many of them are related and cooperate with one another. It would seem that public employment services do not create jobs, and their main task is to reduce the effects of long-term unemployment through various programmes and to support the process of professional reintegration. However, labour offices carry out activities supporting entrepreneurs in creating new jobs, combining them with the implementation of statutory activities addressed to the unemployed. What is also worth emphasising, labour offices passed the test that was the COVID-19 pandemic, being an integral part of the system supporting the protection of existing jobs. The aim of the article is to analyse the policy of public employment services in terms of creating and protecting jobs.
2D/2.5D/3D Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Endrinal Lesly , Huat Szu
Published: November 2023

Recent trends in electronic packaging, including the growing use of 3D designs and heterogeneous integration, are greatly adding to the complexity of isolating faults in semiconductor products. This chapter reviews the latest IC packaging and integration solutions and assesses the readiness level of fault isolation tools and techniques. It examines the capabilities, limitations, and optimization potential of x-ray tomography and magnetic field imaging, describes various approaches for optical fault isolation, and compares and contrasts pre-OFI sample preparation methods. The chapter also explains how time-domain and electro-optical terahertz pulse reflectometry are used to find shorts and opens in ICs and how challenges related to heterogenous integration may be met through design for testability (DFT) and built-in self-test (BIST) accommodations and the use of passive interposers.
Systems-Level: Development and Challenges of Solid Immersion Lens
Authors: Qian Zhongling , Brillert Christof
Published: November 2023

This chapter assesses the benefits of using a solid immersion lens (SIL) to detect faults in ICs via optical imaging and laser-stimulation techniques. It discusses the advantages and limitations of different types of SILs and their effect on spatial resolution, spot size, focus depth, and collection efficiency. It also provides a brief overview of technical challenges at the die level.