bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Herbicides à base de glyphosate et enjeux de droits pour la santé, le travail et les dispositifs évaluatifs et réglementaire
Authors: Vandelac Louise , Sarrazin Mia , Bacon Marie-Hélène , Parent Lise
Published: May 2023

En 2015, la France reconnaissait les hémopathies malignes, dont les lymphomes non hodgkiniens (LNH), comme maladies professionnelles liées aux pesticides. Le CIRC de l’OMS déclarait alors le glyphosate et les herbicides à base de glyphosate génotoxiques et cancérigènes probables. Aux États-Unis, 125 000 victimes américaines de LNH attribué au Roundup de Bayer-Monsanto recourraient aux tribunaux qui autorisèrent la déclassification de 2,5 millions de pages de documents internes, les Monsanto Papers, témoignant de décennies de manipulations des dispositifs évaluatifs et réglementaires pour taire la dangerosité du Roundup. Après trois coûteuses condamnations, Bayer-Monsanto signa un règlement hors cours partiel de 11 milliards de dollars américains, et retira du marché, aux ÉtatsUnis, le Roundup à usage domestique. La hausse structurelle des pesticides, passée de 2,3 à 4,1 millions de tonnes de 1990 à 2018, contribuant aux 385 millions de cas par an d’empoisonnement graves et non intentionnels, et leurs impacts menaçants sur le climat, la biodiversité et les limites planétaires, exigent d’aller au-delà des compensations de certaines maladies pour mettre en évidence les responsabilités des firmes productrices, des instances réglementaires et des pouvoirs publics : c’est le cœur de cet article centré sur les HBC, premiers pesticides au monde, au Canada et au Québec et sur leurs liens avec certains cancers, dont les lymphomes non hodgkiniens (LNH).
Moral Cultivation and the Quantified Self: Assessing the Self Understanding of Data Profiles Generated by AI with a Virtue Ethics Approach
Authors: Barrera Ephraim
Published: May 2023

Supporters of personal data collection and analysis contend that data profiles generated from AI algorithms represent a desirable pursuit for the quantified self. Proponents of the quantified self claim that AI-generated data profiles represent a more objective and truthful account of individual lives. They also argue that the quantified self fosters human flourishing by supplying individuals with data-informed accounts about their lives. First, I will trace the technological origins of the quantified self. Second, the first claim will be critiqued by demonstrating that the quantified self presents a reduced and subjectively abstracted picture of human life. Third, the second claim will be questioned, from a virtue ethics approach, to show how the quantified self’s reduced concept of self-examination is detached from self-cultivation. Fourth, a neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics framework will be applied to argue that the self-knowledge sought by the quantified self hinders agents’ practical reasoning.
El Reglamento General de la Convención Constitucional chilena: entre la retórica del multilingüismo y el monolingüismo hegemónico en la práctica
Authors: Espinoza Alvarado Marco
Published: May 2023

En este artículo analizo el Reglamento General de la Convención Constitucional chilena como documento que instalaba una política multilingüe de deliberación y participación en la Convención Constitucional chilena. Muestro cómo este Reglamento interactúa con los discursos de una serie de actores sociales y con las prácticas comunicativas observadas en la Convención. Concluyo que la retórica del multilingüismo en el texto es insuficiente para interrumpir el monolingüismo hegemónico en la Convención y que opera más bien en función de la legitimación discursiva de la propia Convención. Sin embargo, dado el contexto histórico-político en el que emerge este texto, argumento que este posee un valor simbólico y político-ideológico como interrupción a las ideologías monolingües institucionales en Chile.
El foment i l’oferta activa de la llengua catalana enfront de la precarietat de l’ús de les llengües cooficials a l’Administració de justícia
Authors: Ballester Cardell Maria
Published: May 2023

En el model plurilingüe que deriva de la Constitució, la declaració d’oficialitat d’una llengua suposa el seu reconeixement per part de tots els poders públics com a mitjà de comunicació entre ells i la ciutadania, amb plena validesa i eficàcia. Tanmateix, l’abast de l’oficialitat a l’àmbit de l’Administració de justícia presenta singularitats importants a causa, sobretot, de la configuració unitària i centralitzada del poder judicial i de la interpretació restrictiva que fa el Tribunal Constitucional de la regulació lingüística a l’àmbit de la justícia. Existeixen causes estructurals que afecten a la precarietat de l’ús de les llengües pròpies cooficials davant la Administració de justícia, com la resistència de la carrera judicial, la formació majoritàriament en llengua castellana en els graus en Dret de les universitats del domini lingüístic català o la manca de textos normatius o terminologia jurídica en català. En aquest estudi es presenta la iniciativa del Tribunal Superior de Justícia de les Illes Balears per fomentar l’ús català en l’àmbit judicial. Tot i que encara no es poden valorar els seus efectes, aquesta és una bona oportunitat per facilitar una millora significativa dels drets lingüístics i també un canvi de mentalitat de la judicatura.
Rights, language regimes, and language policy: An international perspective
Authors: Jiménez-Salcedo Juan , Mowbray Jacqueline
Published: May 2023

In this introduction to the special issue on Rights, Language Regimes, and Language Policy: An International Perspective, the guest editors explore how language rights, language regimes, and language policy interact. Noting the increased interest in language rights in recent decades, they start by exploring the different manifestations of language rights at the international, regional, and national levels, before considering the more complex interactions between language rights, language regimes, and language policies within States. The guest editors then discuss how the articles in this special issue explore these complex interactions within particular national (and, in one case, international) contexts. They demonstrate how these articles shed light on the potential—and the limitations—of particular language rights, regimes and policies for managing linguistic diversity and multilingualism, and reveal the difficult balance that must be struck in order to manage linguistic diversity fairly and effectively.
Management of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Foot: A Report of 3 Cases
Authors: Bouché Richard T. , Seidenstricker Chad , Ray Ron G. , Saxena Amol
Published: May 2023

Background: Arch pain in athletes is a common complaint with many causes. One uncommon cause of arch pain related to exercise that is often overlooked is chronic exertional compartment syndrome. This diagnosis should be considered in athletes who presents with exercise-induced foot pain. Recognition of this problem is paramount because it can significantly affect an athlete’s ability to pursue further sports activities.

Methods: Three case studies are presented that underscore the importance of a comprehensive clinical evaluation. Unique historical information and findings on focused physical examination after exercise strongly suggest the diagnosis.

Results: Intracompartment pressure measurements before and after exercise are confirmatory. Because nonsurgical care is typically palliative, surgery involving fasciotomy to decompress involved compartments can be curative and is described in this article.

Conclusions: These three cases with long-term follow-up were randomly chosen and are representative of the authors’ combined experience with chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the foot.
Empagliflozin reduces podocyte lipotoxicity in experimental Alport syndrome
Authors: Ge Mengyuan , Molina Judith , Kim Jin-Ju , Mallela Shamroop K , Ahmad Anis , Varona Santos Javier , Al-Ali Hassan , Mitrofanova Alla , Sharma Kumar , Fontanesi Flavia , Merscher Sandra , Fornoni Alessia
Published: May 2023

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are anti-hyperglycemic agents that prevent glucose reabsorption in proximal tubular cells. SGLT2i improves renal outcomes in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, indicating it may have beneficial effects beyond glycemic control. Here, we demonstrate that SGLT2i affects energy metabolism and podocyte lipotoxicity in experimental Alport syndrome (AS). In vitro, we found that the SGLT2 protein was expressed in human and mouse podocytes to a similar extent in tubular cells. Newly established immortalized podocytes from Col4a3 knockout mice (AS podocytes) accumulate lipid droplets along with increased apoptosis when compared to wild-type podocytes. Treatment with SGLT2i empagliflozin reduces lipid droplet accumulation and apoptosis in AS podocytes. Empagliflozin inhibits the utilization of glucose/pyruvate as a metabolic substrate in AS podocytes but not in AS tubular cells. In vivo, we demonstrate that empagliflozin reduces albuminuria and prolongs the survival of AS mice. Empagliflozin-treated AS mice show decreased serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in association with reduced triglyceride and cholesterol ester content in kidney cortices when compared to AS mice. Lipid accumulation in kidney cortices correlates with a decline in renal function. In summary, empagliflozin reduces podocyte lipotoxicity and improves kidney function in experimental AS in association with the energy substrates switch from glucose to fatty acids in podocytes.
Role of cytoneme structures and extracellular vesicles in Trichomonas vaginalis parasite-parasite communication
Authors: Salas Nehuén , Blasco Pedreros Manuela , dos Santos Melo Tuanne , Maguire Vanina G , Sha Jihui , Wohlschlegel James A , Pereira-Neves Antonio , de Miguel Natalia
Published: May 2023

Trichomonas vaginalis, the etiologic agent of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. With an estimated annual prevalence of 276 million new cases, mixed infections with different parasite strains are expected. Although it is known that parasites interact with their host to enhance their own survival and transmission, evidence of mixed infections call into question the extent to which unicellular parasites communicate with each other. Here, we demonstrated that different T. vaginalis strains can communicate through the formation of cytoneme-like membranous cell connections. We showed that cytonemes formation of an adherent parasite strain (CDC1132) is affected in the presence of a different strain (G3 or B7RC2). Our findings provide evidence that this effect is contact-independent and that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are responsible, at least in part, of the communication among strains. We found that EVs isolated from G3, B7RC2, and CDC1132 strains contain a highly distinct repertoire of proteins, some of them involved in signaling and communication, among other functions. Finally, we showed that parasite adherence to host cells is affected by communication between strains as binding of adherent T. vaginalis CDC1132 strain to prostate cells is significantly higher in the presence of G3 or B7RC2 strains. We also observed that a poorly adherent parasite strain (G3) adheres more strongly to prostate cells in the presence of an adherent strain. The study of signaling, sensing, and cell communication in parasitic organisms will enhance our understanding of the basic biological characteristics of parasites, which may have important consequences in pathogenesis.
ZMYM2 controls human transposable element transcription through distinct co-regulatory complexes
Authors: Owen Danielle J , Aguilar-Martinez Elisa , Ji Zongling , Li Yaoyong , Sharrocks Andrew D
Published: May 2023

ZMYM2 is a zinc finger transcriptional regulator that plays a key role in promoting and maintaining cell identity. It has been implicated in several diseases such as congenital anomalies of the kidney where its activity is diminished and cancer where it participates in oncogenic fusion protein events. ZMYM2 is thought to function through promoting transcriptional repression and here we provide more evidence to support this designation. Here we studied ZMYM2 function in human cells and demonstrate that ZMYM2 is part of distinct chromatin-bound complexes including the established LSD1-CoREST-HDAC1 corepressor complex. We also identify new functional and physical interactions with ADNP and TRIM28/KAP1. The ZMYM2-TRIM28 complex forms in a SUMO-dependent manner and is associated with repressive chromatin. ZMYM2 and TRIM28 show strong functional similarity and co-regulate a large number of genes. However, there are no strong links between ZMYM2-TRIM28 binding events and nearby individual gene regulation. Instead, ZMYM2-TRIM28 appears to regulate genes in a more regionally defined manner within TADs where it can directly regulate co-associated retrotransposon expression. We find that different types of ZMYM2 binding complex associate with and regulate distinct subclasses of retrotransposons, with ZMYM2-ADNP complexes at SINEs and ZMYM2-TRIM28 complexes at LTR elements. We propose a model whereby ZMYM2 acts directly through retrotransposon regulation, which may then potentially affect the local chromatin environment and associated coding gene expression.
Structural insight into guanylyl cyclase receptor hijacking of the kinase–Hsp90 regulatory mechanism
Authors: Caveney Nathanael A , Tsutsumi Naotaka , Garcia K Christopher
Published: May 2023

Membrane receptor guanylyl cyclases play a role in many important facets of human physiology, from regulating blood pressure to intestinal fluid secretion. The structural mechanisms which influence these important physiological processes have yet to be explored. We present the 3.9 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of the human membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-C in complex with Hsp90 and its co-chaperone Cdc37, providing insight into the mechanism of Cdc37 mediated binding of GC-C to the Hsp90 regulatory complex. As a membrane protein and non-kinase client of Hsp90–Cdc37, this work shows the remarkable plasticity of Cdc37 to interact with a broad array of clients with significant sequence variation. Furthermore, this work shows how membrane receptor guanylyl cyclases hijack the regulatory mechanisms used for active kinases to facilitate their regulation. Given the known druggability of Hsp90, these insights can guide the further development of membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase-targeted therapeutics and lead to new avenues to treat hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, and other membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase-related conditions.
Tetraose steroidal glycoalkaloids from potato provide resistance against Alternaria solani and Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Wolters Pieter J , Wouters Doret , Tikunov Yury M , Ayilalath Shimlal , Kodde Linda P , Strijker Miriam F , Caarls Lotte , Visser Richard GF , Vleeshouwers Vivianne GAA
Published: May 2023

Plants with innate disease and pest resistance can contribute to more sustainable agriculture. Natural defence compounds produced by plants have the potential to provide a general protective effect against pathogens and pests, but they are not a primary target in resistance breeding. Here, we identified a wild relative of potato, Solanum commersonii, that provides us with unique insight in the role of glycoalkaloids in plant immunity. We cloned two atypical resistance genes that provide resistance to Alternaria solani and Colorado potato beetle through the production of tetraose steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGA). Moreover, we provide in vitro evidence to show that these compounds have potential against a range of different (potato pathogenic) fungi. This research links structural variation in SGAs to resistance against potato diseases and pests. Further research on the biosynthesis of plant defence compounds in different tissues, their toxicity, and the mechanisms for detoxification, can aid the effective use of such compounds to improve sustainability of our food production.
Building consensus around the assessment and interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae diversity
Authors: Davies Sarah W. , Gamache Matthew H. , Howe-Kerr Lauren I. , Kriefall Nicola G. , Baker Andrew C. , Banaszak Anastazia T. , Bay Line Kolind , Bellantuono Anthony J. , Bhattacharya Debashish , Chan Cheong Xin , Claar Danielle C. , Coffroth Mary Alice , Cunning Ross , Davy Simon K. , del Campo Javier , Díaz-Almeyda Erika M. , Frommlet Jörg C. , Fuess Lauren E. , González-Pech Raúl A. , Goulet Tamar L. , Hoadley Kenneth D. , Howells Emily J. , Hume Benjamin C. C. , Kemp Dustin W. , Kenkel Carly D. , Kitchen Sheila A. , LaJeunesse Todd C. , Lin Senjie , McIlroy Shelby E. , McMinds Ryan , Nitschke Matthew R. , Oakley Clinton A. , Peixoto Raquel S. , Prada Carlos , Putnam Hollie M. , Quigley Kate , Reich Hannah G. , Reimer James Davis , Rodriguez-Lanetty Mauricio , Rosales Stephanie M. , Saad Osama S. , Sampayo Eugenia M. , Santos Scott R. , Shoguchi Eiichi , Smith Edward G. , Stat Michael , Stephens Timothy G. , Strader Marie E. , Suggett David J. , Swain Timothy D. , Tran Cawa , Traylor-Knowles Nikki , Voolstra Christian R. , Warner Mark E. , Weis Virginia M. , Wright Rachel M. , Xiang Tingting , Yamashita Hiroshi , Ziegler Maren , Correa Adrienne M. S. , Parkinson John Everett
Published: May 2023

Within microeukaryotes, genetic variation and functional variation sometimes accumulate more quickly than morphological differences. To understand the evolutionary history and ecology of such lineages, it is key to examine diversity at multiple levels of organization. In the dinoflagellate family Symbiodiniaceae, which can form endosymbioses with cnidarians (e.g., corals, octocorals, sea anemones, jellyfish), other marine invertebrates (e.g., sponges, molluscs, flatworms), and protists (e.g., foraminifera), molecular data have been used extensively over the past three decades to describe phenotypes and to make evolutionary and ecological inferences. Despite advances in Symbiodiniaceae genomics, a lack of consensus among researchers with respect to interpreting genetic data has slowed progress in the field and acted as a barrier to reconciling observations. Here, we identify key challenges regarding the assessment and interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae genetic diversity across three levels: species, populations, and communities. We summarize areas of agreement and highlight techniques and approaches that are broadly accepted. In areas where debate remains, we identify unresolved issues and discuss technologies and approaches that can help to fill knowledge gaps related to genetic and phenotypic diversity. We also discuss ways to stimulate progress, in particular by fostering a more inclusive and collaborative research community. We hope that this perspective will inspire and accelerate coral reef science by serving as a resource to those designing experiments, publishing research, and applying for funding related to Symbiodiniaceae and their symbiotic partnerships.
Warfarin-Induced Limb Contusion Section and Haematoma
Authors: . Soumya , Morkar Dnyanesh , Deshpande Anushree
Published: May 2023

Warfarin is a narrow therapeutic index drug with high potential to cause adverse effects. It is generally a preferred drug for the management of venous thrombosis. This case is an unusual presentation of left arm contusion and limb haematoma secondary to long-term warfarin use. A 32-year-old male patient was admitted with the complaints of left lower limb oedema and left upper arm oedema. He was on warfarin for dural sinus thrombosis for two years. The integrative analysis of patient clinical presentation, medication history, International Normalized Ratio (INR) level, Ultrasonography (USG) scan and Naranjo assessment showed the probable case of warfarin-induced left arm contusion and limb haematoma. The patient was successively managed with the administration of vitamin K, injection heparin, packed red blood cell and other supportive therapy after the withdrawal of the culprit drug. Thus, patients prescribed with warfarin should be looked at for this typical adverse event. Monitoring of anticoagulant therapy is vital for the positive clinical outcome and minimisation of adverse events. Clinical pharmacists have a key role to play in the patient safety and their inputs can fertilise the concept of pharmacist led anticoagulation clinic in India.
Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anaesthetic in Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Gill Anupama , Saraswat Namita , Singh Jyoti , Choudhary Nitin , Govind Preeti S
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Brachial plexus blocks are routinely performed to provide anaesthesia and analgesia for upper limb orthopaedic surgeries. Various adjuvants are being added to local anaesthetic solution to prolong the duration of sensory and motor blockade to ensure successful completion of long duration surgeries with adequate postoperative analgesia. Clonidine is used in varying dosages as adjuvant for peripheral nerve block. Aim: To study different dosages of clonidine when used as an adjuvant in infraclavicular approach to brachial plexus block. Materials and Methods: The randomised double-blind clinical study enrolled 60 American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I and II patients, between ages of 18-60 years, undergoing elective forearm orthopaedic surgery, lasting more than one hour. Based on the dose of clonidine added, the patients were distributed to group I (75 µg); group II (100 µg) and group III (150 µg). They were compared with regard to onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, haemodynamic parameters, quality of sedation and side-effects. The results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: Demographic profile was comparable between the study groups. The onset of sensory and motor duration was faster in group III (5.8±1.65 minutes; 10.08±0.98 minutes). Also, the duration of sensory and motor blockade was highest in group III (11.02±2.33 hours; 10.44±1.45 hours). Patients in group III had significantly higher level of sedation in comparison to other groups. Conclusion: Clonidine in a dose of 150 µg provides significantly longer duration of sensory and motor blockade without any adverse haemodynamic outcomes.
One Injury, Two Tracks and Two Weapons with Two Thoughts: An Exhumation Case Report
Authors: Sharma Naveen , Khanna Kunal , Khanagwal Vijay Pal , Sharma Luv , Jakhar Jitender Kumar
Published: May 2023

Exhumation is authorised digging out of already buried body from his legitimate graveyard. The autopsy in exhumed dead body require extreme attention and thorough examination of the corpse to determine the exact cause and manner of death. Exhumation also helps to evaluate and rule out any disease responsible for death. In the present case, authors discuss and report an unusual case of decomposed young adult male of 24-year-old, who was killed/stabbed by his younger brother. Body of deceased was buried by the perpetrator of crime without police information and medicolegal autopsy. The stab wound was altered by accused to misguide or create confusion in identifying the type of injury and weapon of offence. Later, this scenario was solved by autopsy surgeons after visiting incident scene, complete postmortem examination of the corpse and examinations of belongings.
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Association with Age, Gender, Duration and Glycosylated Haemoglobin: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shukla Sawan Kumar , Tilkar Mahendra , Kapur Karan Saran
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders resulting in hyperglycaemia with disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Hyperglycaemia when present for a long period of time leads to a host of metabolic abnormalities and also results in end organ damage. Diastolic dysfunction is an early sign of diabetic heart muscle disease preceding systolic and diastolic damage. Only a few studies have been conducted in central India to establish this prevalence and association in diabetic patients. Aim: To assess Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction (LVDD) in diabetic patients and its association with age, gender, duration, and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 normotensive patients with type 2 DM and no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease were enrolled by simple random selection in the Department of General Medicine, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India. The sample size was calculated by standard formula with a confidence interval of 95% and an error margin of less than 5%. A semi-structured proforma was used to record the demographic profiles with full medication history, as well as, anthropometric measurements like height, weight, and waist circumference. Blood pressure was measured and blood was drawn for complete blood count, liver function test, renal function test, fasting and postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c, and lipid profile. Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic studies were performed to assess LVDD. Data obtained by various methods was analysed statistically using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0 and Chi-square test. Results: The present study showed that 85 out of 150 types 2 diabetic patients had diastolic dysfunction, out of which 80 had grade I diastolic dysfunction and, five of them had grade II diastolic dysfunction. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was increased with age, duration, and HbA1c (≥7%) and was not affected by gender. Conclusion: The study concluded that asymptomatic normotensive patients of type 2 DM have Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF). LVDD were associated with age, gender, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c.
The Study of Professional Competencies of Faculties in RUB Colleges: Students’ Perspective
Authors: Wangmo Sonam , Wangpo Kinga
Published: May 2023

Aims: This study attempted to assess the levels of professional competencies of faculties in Royal University of Bhutan (RUB) colleges; secondly, the professional competencies that are rated high by students in different colleges were studied, and thirdly which area of professional competencies requires attention was assessed. Ten teaching professional competency factors were examined by the researchers.

Study Design: A descriptive research design with a quantitative approach was used in this study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Bhutan for a period of one year.

Methodology: A total of 384 students from the colleges of the Royal University of Bhutan participated in the study using an online structured questionnaire through Google Forms. The results were analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics and mean analysis.

Results: According to the findings, faculty members at the various Royal University of Bhutan institutions are viewed as having a high level of competence across all ten competency parameters. The results also indicated that there were variations in answers among the students in terms of the competency that was strongly possessed by the faculties of the separate colleges Thirdly, it was determined that the acclaimed author's competency was a skill that faculties at various colleges of the Royal University of Bhutan needed to improve.

Conclusion: The key recommendations of the study are the capacity building of the faculties in the area of acclaimed author competency which students feel the faculties are lacking.
Bismuth Oxychloride as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Aldol Condensation Reaction between Aldehydes and Ketones
Authors: Oanh Nguyen Thi Kim , Huu Nguyen Vinh , Nong Linh Xuan
Published: May 2023

The aldol reaction is a cornerstone of modern synthetic organic chemistry in which the β-hydroxyketone was formed by the reaction of an enol or an enolate and a carbonyl compound. Benzalacetone is one of the fundamental building blocks of benzalacetone synthase structure that play an important role for construction of a variety of medicinally crucial phenylbutanoids, such as anti-inflammatory glucoside lindleyin in rhubarb and gingerol. The non-transition metal material attracted much attention from research groups on the world, such a potential catalyst as BiOCl for organic reaction due to its remarkably chemical and physical properties as relative stability, resistance of air and moisture, low toxicity. The BiOCl material was synthesized by the solvothermal method. The structure features of material were defined by modern analytic methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scaning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Nitrogen Adsorption-Desorption Isotherms. The BiOCl material was successfully utilized as a catalyst for the aldol condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and acetone. The reaction was performed in the mild condition with the presence of 10 mol% catalyst and 2 equivalent of Cs2CO3 as base without by-product in very short reaction times and good yields. The benzalacetone product obtained around 85% yield at 120 °C for 24 h. The BiOCl material after reaction was recovered and reused many times without significant reducing of catalytic activity. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Os desafios para a área de educação física a partir da dialética enquanto lógica e teoria do conhecimento
Authors: Gomes Gabriel Vielmo , Scapin Gislei José , Pereira Junior Gilmar Belitz , Prietto Adelina Lorensi , Souza Maristela da Silva
Published: May 2023

Este artigo analisa os desafios colocados, hoje, para a área da EF em seu processo de produção do conhecimento. Para tanto, torna-se imprescindível compreender as mediações e contradições entre trabalho e ciência, assim como desvelar as formas de reestruturação produtiva do capital à luz da dialética como lógica e teoria do conhecimento. Dentre os desafios: preservar a materialidade do conhecimento da área; atentar ao esvaziamento do conhecimento; e a fragmentação do campo acadêmico-profissional. Concluímos com a necessidade da produção e do trato com o conhecimento da EF numa perspectiva materialista-histórica, considerando a totalidade das relações sociais, contrapondo às práticas alienantes do modelo capitalista de produção.
Educação escolar e marxismo: um breve retorno aos escritos marxianos
Authors: Lima Fernanda Bartoly Gonçalves de
Published: May 2023

Realizou-se uma busca nos textos que foram escritos diretamente por Marx e Engels por trechos que trazem concepções, princípios e reflexões sobre como deveria se realizar uma educação escolar que se alinha à proposta revolucionária. Percebeu-se, de forma geral, que o pensamento educacional marxiano gira em torno da defesa de uma escolarização pública e gratuita e de uma formação omnilateral, com a união entre ensino e trabalho produtivo. Além disso, destaca-se a perspectiva revolucionária que prevê uma formação do ser humano em sua ontologia – o ser que tem a possibilidade concreta de transformar a realidade na qual se encontra.
De Marx a Le Guillant: subsídios para a práxis na saúde mental relacionada ao trabalho
Authors: Carrusca Vieira Carlos Eduardo , Faris Biondini Bárbara Katherine
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo, baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica, analisa-se a pertinência de premissas marxianas para a Saúde Mental Relacionada ao Trabalho e sua incorporação pela psicopatologia do trabalho de Le Guillant. Nas conclusões, afirma-se a relevância dos fundamentos marxistas para a práxis da Saúde Mental Relacionada ao Trabalho, e a sua importância para a construção de uma perspectiva psicológica crítica, fundada na compreensão de que os efeitos do trabalho sobre a saúde mental dos trabalhadores são singulares, mas não estão desvencilhados das relações de produção da vida material. Evidencia-se que a vertente construída por Le Guillant se aproxima da perspectiva marxista e reflete pressupostos fundamentais.
Highly Processable Ionogels with Mechanical Robustness
Authors: Ma Chuao , Wei Jun , Zhang Yuqiang , Chen Xingchao , Liu Chan , Diao Shen , Gao Yuan , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Liu Hongliang
Published: May 2023

Currently, the increasing needs of conductive ionogels with intricate shapes and high processability by individual requirements of next‐generation flexible electronics constitute significant challenges. Here, the design of highly processable ionogels is reported with mechanical robustness by self‐assembly of a common triblock copolymer into a precursor in functional mixed ionic liquids (ILs) containing conductivity‐enhancing and polymerizable strength‐enhancing components. The subsequent in situ polymerization of the precursor forms physical‐co‐chemical cross‐linked networks, in which the entanglement between physical and chemical cross‐linked networks and microphase separation give rise to mechanical robustness of as‐fabricated ionogel. The viscosity of the self‐assembled precursor can be rationally tuned, which makes the fabrication process compatible with diverse technologies including inkjet printing, spray coating, and 3D printing. By virtue of highly processable capability of the designed ionogels, an auxetic‐structured ionogel can be easily generated using 3D printing, which exhibits greatly improved sensitivity and thus is able to monitor tiny deformations. This study that relies on designing functional mixed ILs as the dispersion phase rather than focusing on synthesizing new‐type polymers establishes a new route for versatile and programmable fabrication of high‐performance ionogels for broader applications.
Development of Sulfonamide‐Functionalized Charge‐Reversal AIE Photosensitizers for Precise Photodynamic Therapy in the Acidic Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Yang Xueqin , Xu Changhuo , Zhang Xun , Li Pei , Sun Feiyi , Liu Xinyue , Wang Xinyuan , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Yang Jinglei , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Liang Yongye , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2023

Tumor‐targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) is desirable as it can achieve efficient killing of tumor cells with no or less harm to normal cells. Herein, a facile molecular engineering strategy is developed for photosensitizers (PSs) with aggregation induced emission (AIE) characteristics and responsive properties to the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). By the marriage of pH‐sensitive sulfonamide moieties with AIE PSs, two near‐infrared AIE luminogens called DBP‐SPy and DBP‐SPh are designed and synthesized. Both luminogens can form negatively charged nanoaggregates in the aqueous medium at physiological pH. The DBP‐SPy nanoaggregates undergo surface charge conversion to become positive at pH close to the signature pH of TME, while DBP‐SPh nanoaggregates show no such property. The endowed response to acidic TME enables the enhanced cellular uptake of DBP‐SPy at pH = 6.8. By contrast, its cellular uptake is much sacrificed at pH 7.4. As a result, under white light irradiation, DBP‐SPy nanoaggregates demonstrate a considerable photodynamic therapeutic effect on cancer cells in vitro and excellent tumor growth inhibition in vivo. Hence, this study not only provides an acidic TME‐responsive AIE PS for precise PDT, but also inspires new design strategies for AIE‐based theragnostic systems with targeting characteristics.
Artificial Cilia–Bridging the Gap with Nature
Authors: Peerlinck Sam , Milana Edoardo , De Smet Elias , De Volder Michael , Reynaerts Dominiek , Gorissen Benjamin
Published: May 2023

Human ingenuity has found a multitude of ways to manipulate fluids across different applications. However, the fundamentals of fluid propulsion change when moving from the macro‐ to the microscale. Viscous forces dominate inertial forces rendering successful methods at the macroscale ineffective for microscale fluid propulsion. Nature however has found a solution; microscopic active organelles protruding from cells that feature intricate beating patterns: cilia. Cilia succeed in propelling fluids at small dimensions; hence they have served as a source of inspiration for microfluidic applications. Mimicking biological cilia however remains challenging due to their small size and the required kinematic complexity. Recent advances have pushed artificial cilia technology forward, yet discrepancies with natural cilia still exists. This study identifies this gap by analyzing artificial cilia technology and benchmarking them to natural cilia, to pinpoint the remaining design and manufacturing challenges that lay at the basis of the disparity with nature.
The Simpler, the Better: Organic Materials with Adsorption‐Induced Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence for Anti‐Counterfeiting and Dyeing Applications
Authors: Liu Zhenjiang , Li Dan , Tong Lihuan , Meng Yunshu , Fang Manman , Yang Jie , Tang Ben Zhong , Li Zhen
Published: May 2023

In recent years, organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) has been widely investigated owing to its fascinating afterglow characteristics. Consequently, it has been applied in anti‐counterfeiting and information security. However, these applications are limited by cost, substrates, and technological processes. Hence, a simple and environmentally friendly adsorption‐induced RTP system containing sulfonic acid groups is designed for convenient and efficient application. A pure organic compound of (1,1″‐biphenyl)‐4,4″‐disulfonic acid can be easily ionized and dispersed in water. When it is adsorbed on different types of paper and cloth substrates rich in hydroxyl groups, bright RTP emissions with maximum lifetimes of ≈1.1 s are achieved after drying the substrates. The destructive effect of H2O on the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the phosphor and substrates makes the RTP emissions responsive to the stimuli of water and heat. Furthermore, a white afterglow is realized after doping with Rhodamine B for energy transfer. On the account of the adsorption‐induced RTP effect, four economical applications are demonstrated, wherein one dollar's worth of the phosphor can be used for anti‐counterfeiting 7692 banknotes, printing and dyeing 1538 graphs on cloth, making 196 Chinese knots, and producing 385 writes of encryption information, promoting the further development and commercialization of RTP materials.
Gastric Acid‐Responsive ROS Nanogenerators for Effective Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection without Disrupting Homeostasis of Intestinal Flora
Authors: Yu Jiayin , Guo Zhihao , Yan Jiachang , Bu Changxin , Peng Chang , Li Cuie , Mao Rui , Zhang Jian , Wang Zhi , Chen Shi , Yao Meicun , Xie Zhiyong , Yang Chuan , Yang Yi Yan , Yuan Peiyan , Ding Xin
Published: May 2023

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected more than half of the world's population, and is the major cause of gastric cancer. The efficacy of standard antibiotic‐based triple therapy is declining due to drug resistance development. Herein, a pH‐responsive reactive oxygen species (ROS) nanogenerator (Fe‐HMME@DHA@MPN) composed of acid‐responsive metal polyphenol network (MPN) shell and mesoporous metal‐organic nanostructure core [Fe‐HMME (hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether, sonosensitizer)] loaded with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is reported. These nanoparticles generate more ROS singlet oxygen than sonosensitizer HMME under ultrasonication, and this sonodynamic process is fueled by oxygen generated through Fenton/Fenton‐like reactions of the degraded product in gastric acid Fe (II) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the infection microenvironment. The encapsulated DHA, as a hydroperoxide source, is found to enhance the peroxidase‐like activity of the Fe‐HMME@DHA@MPN to generate ROS hydroxyl radical, beneficial for the microenvironment without sufficient H2O2. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the ROS nanogenerators are capable of killing multidrug‐resistant H. pylori and removing biofilm, and ROS nanogenerators show high therapeutic efficacy in a H. pylori infection mouse model. Unlike the triple therapy, the nanogenerators display negligible side effects toward the normal gut microbiota. Taken together, these self‐enhanced ROS nanogenerators have a great potential for treatment of H. pylori infection.
In Situ Vaccination with Mitochondria‐Targeting Immunogenic Death Inducer Elicits CD8+ T Cell‐Dependent Antitumor Immunity to Boost Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Wang Weiran , Gu Rong , Chen Jing , Chen Qian , Lin Tingsheng , Wu Jinhui , Hu Yiqiao , Yuan Ahu
Published: May 2023

In situ vaccination can elicit systemic antitumor immunity to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in poorly immunogenic tumors. Herein, an immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducer for in situ vaccination, which is based on a mitochondria‐targeting modification of fenofibric acid (FFa), a lipid‐lowering drug with potential inhibitory efficacy of respiratory complex I is developed. Mitochondria‐targeting FFa (Mito‐FFa) inhibits complex I efficiently and increases mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) generation, which further triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with unprecedented calreticulin (CRT) exposure on tumor cellular membranes. Moreover, the generated mtROS also oxidizes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and promotes it leakage into the cytoplasm for cGAS‐STING‐dependent type I interferon (IFN‐I) secretion. The synchronous CRT exposure and IFN‐I secretion successively improve the uptake of tumor antigens, maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and cross‐priming of CD8+ T cells. In a poorly immunogenic 4T1 tumor model, a single intratumoral (i.t.) Mito‐FFa injection turns immune‐cold tumors into hot ones and elicits systemic tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells responses against primary and metastatic tumors. Furthermore, the synergistic effect with PD‐L1 blockade and good bio‐safety of i.t. Mito‐FFa administration suggest the great translational potential of Mito‐FFa in tumor immunotherapy.
Bulk‐Plasmon‐Mediated Free‐Electron Radiation Beyond the Conventional Formation Time
Authors: Tay Fuyang , Lin Xiao , Shi Xihang , Chen Hongsheng , Kaminer Ido , Zhang Baile
Published: May 2023

Free‐electron radiation is a fundamental photon emission process that is induced by fast‐moving electrons interacting with optical media. Historically, it has been understood that, just like any other photon emission process, free‐electron radiation must be constrained within a finite time interval known as the “formation time,” whose concept is applicable to both Cherenkov radiation and transition radiation, the two basic mechanisms describing radiation from a bulk medium and from an interface, respectively. Here, this work reveals an alternative mechanism of free‐electron radiation far beyond the previously defined formation time. It occurs when a fast electron crosses the interface between vacuum and a plasmonic medium supporting bulk plasmons. While emitted continuously from the crossing point on the interface—thus consistent with the features of transition radiation—the extra radiation beyond the conventional formation time is supported by a long tail of bulk plasmons following the electron's trajectory deep into the plasmonic medium. Such a plasmonic tail mixes surface and bulk effects, and provides a sustained channel for electron–interface interaction. These results also settle the historical debate in Ferrell radiation, regarding whether it is a surface or bulk effect, from transition radiation or plasmonic oscillation.
Stable and Ultrafast Blue Cavity‐Enhanced Superfluorescence in Mixed Halide Perovskites
Authors: Chen Linqi , Mao Danqun , Hu Yingjie , Dong Hongxing , Zhong Yichi , Xie Wei , Mou Nanli , Li Xinjie , Zhang Long
Published: May 2023

Cavity‐enhanced superfluorescence (CESF) in quantum dot (QD) system is an ultrafast and intense lasing generated by combination of quantum coupling effect and optically stimulated amplification effect, which can provide a new idea for realizing high quality blue light sources and address the limitation of conventional inefficient blue light sources. Modifying halide composition is a straightforward method to achieve blue emission in perovskite QD system. However, the spectral instability introduced by photoinduced halide phase segregation and low coupling efficiency between QDs and optical cavities make it challenging to achieve stable blue CESF in such halide‐doped QD system. Herein, long‐range‐ordered, densely packed CsPbBr2Cl QD‐assembled superlattice microcavities in which the two core issues can be appropriately addressed are developed. The QD superlattice structure facilitates excitonic delocalization to decrease exciton‐phonon coupling, thus alleviating photoinduced phase segregation. By combination of theoretical analysis and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements, the underlying photoinduced phase segregation mitigation mechanism in mixed halide superlattices is clarified. Based on the CsPbBr2Cl QD superlattices with regularly geometrical structures, in which the gain medium can be strongly coupled to the naturally formed microcavity, stable and ultrafast (3 ps) blue CESF with excellent optical performance (threshold ≈33 µJ cm−2, quality factor ≈1900) is realized.
High‐Performance Graphene‐Dielectric Interface by UV‐Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition for Graphene Field Effect Transistor
Authors: Park Geonwoo , Go Dohyun , Jo Sungchan , Lee Tae Hoon , Shin Jeong Woo , An Jihwan
Published: May 2023

The deposition of high‐quality dielectric films on graphene surfaces is crucial in fabricating high‐performance graphene‐based electronics. In this study, the first application of UV‐assisted atomic layer deposition (UV‐ALD) to graphene surfaces and the fabrication of graphene field‐effect transistors (GFETs) with UV‐ALD Al2O3 dielectric thin films is demonstrated. Optimal UV irradiation (5 s per cycle) during the ALD process results in denser and smoother Al2O3 dielectric films deposited on the graphene surface with the intimate graphene‐dielectric interface, while excessive UV irradiation in turn prohibits the film nucleation. As a result, the GFETs with a high‐quality dielectric layer deposited by UV‐ALD show improved performance with a Dirac voltage close to 0 V and hole mobility of 1221 cm2 V−1 s−1, i.e., > 200% increase compared to those with thermal ALD. This study demonstrates that UV‐ALD is an effective and simple option to realize a high‐quality interface between 2D materials and ultra‐thin dielectric films.
Cation Vacancy Clusters in Ti3C2Tx MXene Induce Ultra‐Strong Interaction with Noble Metal Clusters for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Xin , Ding Jia , Song Wanqing , Yang Xinyi , Zhang Tao , Huang Zechuan , Wang Haozhi , Han Xiaopeng , Hu Wenbin
Published: May 2023

MXenes are promising substrates for supported noble metal electrocatalysts. Yet, it is a significant challenge to modulate the metal–support interaction (MSI) for enhancing catalytic performance. Herein, employing a facile HF etching method, the cation vacancy structures in Ti3C2Tx MXenes are controllably tuned, producing nearly vacancy‐free (Ti3C2Tx‐V0), single Ti atom vacancy (Ti3C2Tx‐VS), or Ti vacancy cluster (Ti3C2Tx‐VC) engineered MXenes. Ruthenium atomic clusters, as a model catalyst, successfully anchor on all MXene substrates. Different from the terminal O/F coordination groups on routine Ti3C2Tx MXene surfaces, the Ti vacancy clusters in Ti3C2Tx‐VC create unique lattice carbon ligand environment toward Ru species, which induces ultra‐strong MSI. As a result, compared to Ti3C2Tx‐V0 and Ti3C2Tx‐VS, the Ti3C2Tx‐VC modulated Ru clusters (Ru@Ti3C2Tx‐VC) exhibit the optimized balance of H2O adsorption/dissociation and OH/H desorption, thereby delivering superior electrocatalytic performance in the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Within the wide range from laboratory‐level (90 mA cm−2) to industrial‐level (1.5 A cm−2) current density, Ru@Ti3C2Tx‐VC outperforms commercial Pt/C in terms of overpotential and mass activity. Moreover, as a universal substrate for noble metal catalysts, Ti3C2Tx‐VC can also anchor Ir/Pt/Rh atomic clusters and enable excellent HER catalytic activity. This work expands the scope of the MSI between MXene and noble metal catalysts.