bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIV. Revealing Disk Substructures in Multiwavelength Continuum Emission
Authors: Sierra Anibal , Pérez Laura M. , Zhang Ke , Law Charles J. , Guzmán Viviana V. , Qi Chunhua , Bosman Arthur D. , Öberg Karin I. , Andrews Sean M. , Long Feng , Teague Richard , Booth Alice S. , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J. , Ménard François , Cataldi Gianni , Czekala Ian , Bae Jaehan , Huang Jane , Bergner Jennifer B. , Ilee John D. , Benisty Myriam , Le Gal Romane , Loomis Ryan A. , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Liu Yao , Yamato Yoshihide , Aikawa Yuri
Published: November 2021

Constraining dust properties of planet-forming disks via high-angular-resolution observations is fundamental to understanding how solids are trapped in substructures and how dust growth may be favored or accelerated therein. We use ALMA dust continuum observations of the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) disks and explore a large parameter space to constrain the radial distribution of solid mass and maximum grain size in each disk, including or excluding dust scattering. In the nonscattering model, the dust surface density and maximum grain size profiles decrease from the inner disks to the outer disks, with local maxima at the bright ring locations, as expected from dust trapping models. The inferred maximum grain sizes from the inner to outer disks decrease from 1 cm to 1 mm. For IM Lup, HD 163296, and MWC 480 in the scattering model, two solutions are compatible with their observed inner disk emission: one solution corresponding to a maximum grain size of a few millimeters (similar to the nonscattering model), and the other corresponding to a size of a few hundred micrometers. Based on the estimated Toomre parameter, only IM Lup—which shows a prominent spiral morphology in millimeter dust—is found to be gravitationally unstable. The estimated maximum Stokes number in all the disks lies between 0.01 and 0.3, and the estimated turbulence parameters in the rings of AS 209 and HD 163296 are close to the threshold where dust growth is limited by turbulent fragmentation. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales. XX. The Massive Disk around GM Aurigae
Authors: Schwarz Kamber R. , Calahan Jenny K. , Zhang Ke , Alarcón Felipe , Aikawa Yuri , Andrews Sean M. , Bae Jaehan , Bergin Edwin A. , Booth Alice S. , Bosman Arthur D. , Cataldi Gianni , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Czekala Ian , Huang Jane , Ilee John D. , Law Charles J. , Le Gal Romane , Liu Yao , Long Feng , Loomis Ryan A. , Macías Enrique , McClure Melissa , Ménard François , Öberg Karin I. , Teague Richard , van Dishoeck Ewine , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J.
Published: November 2021

Gas mass remains one of the most difficult protoplanetary disk properties to constrain. With much of the protoplanetary disk too cold for the main gas constituent, H2, to emit, alternative tracers such as dust, CO, or the H2 isotopologue HD are used. However, relying on disk mass measurements from any single tracer requires assumptions about the tracer’s abundance relative to H2 and the disk temperature structure. Using new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations from the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) ALMA Large Program as well as archival ALMA observations, we construct a disk physical/chemical model of the protoplanetary disk GM Aur. Our model is in good agreement with the spatially resolved CO isotopologue emission from 11 rotational transitions with spatial resolution ranging from 0.″15 to 0.″46 (24–73 au at 159 pc) and the spatially unresolved HD J = 1–0 detection from Herschel. Our best-fit model favors a cold protoplanetary disk with a total gas mass of approximately 0.2 M
⊙, a factor of 10 reduction in CO gas inside roughly 100 au and a factor of 100 reduction outside of 100 au. Despite its large mass, the disk appears to be on the whole gravitationally stable based on the derived Toomre Q parameter. However, the region between 70 and 100 au, corresponding to one of the millimeter dust rings, is close to being unstable based on the calculated Toomre Q of <1.7. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIII. HCO+ and Disk Ionization Structure
Authors: Aikawa Yuri , Cataldi Gianni , Yamato Yoshihide , Zhang Ke , Booth Alice S. , Furuya Kenji , Andrews Sean M. , Bae Jaehan , Bergin Edwin A. , Bergner Jennifer B. , Bosman Arthur D. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Czekala Ian , Guzmán Viviana V. , Huang Jane , Ilee John D. , Law Charles J. , Le Gal Romane , Loomis Ryan A. , Ménard François , Nomura Hideko , Öberg Karin I. , Qi Chunhua , Schwarz Kamber R. , Teague Richard , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J.
Published: November 2021

We observed HCO+
J = 1 − 0 and H13CO+
J = 1 − 0 emission toward the five protoplanetary disks around IM Lup, GM Aur, AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480 as part of the MAPS project. HCO+ is detected and mapped at 0.″3 resolution in all five disks, while H13CO+ is detected (S/N > 6σ) toward GM Aur and HD 163296 and tentatively detected (S/N > 3σ) toward the other disks by a matched filter analysis. Inside a radius of R ∼ 100 au, the HCO+ column density is flat or shows a central dip. At outer radii (≳100 au), the HCO+ column density decreases outward, while the column density ratio of HCO+/CO is mostly in the range of ∼10−5–10−4. We derived the HCO+ abundance in the warm CO-rich layer, where HCO+ is expected to be the dominant molecular ion. At R ≳ 100 au, the HCO+ abundance is ∼3 × 10−11 − 3 × 10−10, which is consistent with a template disk model with X-ray ionization. At the smaller radii, the abundance decreases inward, which indicates that the ionization degree is lower in denser gas, especially inside the CO snow line, where the CO-rich layer is in the midplane. Comparison of template disk models with the column densities of HCO+, N2H+, and N2D+ indicates that the midplane ionization rate is ≳10−18 s−1 for the disks around IM Lup, AS 209, and HD 163296. We also find hints of an increased HCO+ abundance around the location of dust continuum gaps in AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Four new species of the jumping spider genus Portia (Araneae, Salticidae) from China
Authors: Xu Xin , Peng Xianjin , Li Daiqin
Published: November 2021

We diagnose and describe four new species of Portia Karsch, 1878 and describe for the first time the male of P. zhaoi Peng, Li & Chen, 2003 from China based on morphological characters. The females of Portia bawang sp. nov. have the narrowest epigyne orifice. The males of Portia erlangping sp. nov. have the shortest embolus among all the species. The females of Portia fajing sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species by the anterior orifice margin, which is nearly parallel to the posterior orifice margin. The males of Portia xishan sp. nov. can be identified by the tegular furrow which extends to form a membrane and by the tegular apophysis which is obscured; the females of Portia xishan sp. nov. can be diagnosed by the slit-like epigynal orifice. The males of P. zhaoi have the longest embolus among all the species, and females can be diagnosed by the circular epigyne orifice and the longest copulatory ducts. To facilitate future identification, we also provide the GenBank accession codes of the DNA barcode gene, Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), for all the type specimens.
Accompagner grâce au vivant. Vingt-cinq ans d’animation et de médiation par la nature
Authors: Cheriki-Nort Juliette
Published: November 2021

Depuis 25 ans, Juliette Cheriki-Nort invite la nature dans ses pratiques d’animation, de formation et même de thérapie. La forêt, le ruisseau, la nuit, le jardin deviennent des tiers, des médiateurs qui favorisent le contact avec la nature, la rencontre avec soi et avec l’Autre. Elle peut régulièrement observer comment des actions telles que construire une cabane (y compris en ville) ou créer une œuvre de land-art permettent aux personnes de donner du sens à ce qui les entoure, d’organiser le chaos, de s’inscrire dans un espace-temps. Elle constate également comme les expériences de contact des personnes avec la nature ont tendance à disparaître et comme une faille s’est créée entre les humains et leur environnement et leur capacité d’inventivité. Malgré tout, elle continue d’agir pour que des expériences de nature, permettent à tous, aux enfants comme aux résidents d’EHPAD, d’exercer leur sensibilité et de construire leur identité.
Un revenu de base mondial répondrait-il aux objections faites à un revenu de base national ?
Authors: Allègre Guillaume
Published: November 2021

Un revenu de base mondial répondrait-il aux objections faites à un revenu de base national ? La mise en place d’un revenu de base est généralement discuté au niveau national et surtout dans les pays développés qui ont déjà un État-providence. Les propositions de revenu de base font l’objet de trois objections principales : le coût serait trop élevé ; il aurait un impact ambigu sur les inégalités femmes-hommes ; la justification éthique serait peu convaincante. Après avoir discuté ces objections, nous montrons qu’elles ne s’appliquent pas à un revenu de base mondial. Le revenu de base mondial est néanmoins confronté à d’autres objections pertinentes (problèmes d’implémentation, hétérogénéité des contextes nationaux, risque de dépendance aux transferts internationaux). Au final, le revenu de base mondial est une idée plus radicale que des revenus de base nationaux : il crée un instrument de solidarité internationale là où il n’y en a pas, il donne des revenus à des personnes jusqu’ici sans assistance et il permettrait de sortir de la trappe à extrême pauvreté.
Hobbes écosophe
Authors: Vincent Julien
Published: November 2021

Le Léviathan, publié en 1651, se présente comme une théorie du corps politique artificiellement constitué au terme d’un contrat de soumission au souverain. Mais il offre aussi une réflexion fondatrice sur le « corps naturel » du Léviathan, complémentaire de son corps artificiel, dont l’examen permet de faire émerger un Hobbes « écosophe », articulant sa pensée environnementale à une réflexion sur la subjectivation politique. Le territoire hobbesien apparaît d’abord comme une réalité matérielle, un ensemble de corps humains et non-humains dont les mouvements doivent être étroitement contrôlés afin de maintenir la paix et la prospérité. Il est ensuite une terre promise, la contrepartie d’un contrat reliant le souverain aux citoyens. Il est enfin un espace de signes et d’images : la société civile ne peut se fonder que sur une cosmologie naturaliste dans laquelle les croyances aux fées, fantômes et autres phénomènes surnaturels sont inhibées par la peur que suscite le souverain.
Compétitivité française : perspective historique et enjeux stratégiques
Authors: Postel-Vinay Grégoire
Published: November 2021

Le rôle de l’État dans l’organisation du système productif, présent dans tous les grands pays, a beaucoup évolué depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, en même temps que les objectifs de compétitivité et les structures publiques chargées d’y répondre, dont la direction générale des Entreprises (DGE) est aujourd’hui une composante majeure. Ainsi, la politique industrielle française a été confrontée à l’ouverture croissante de l’économie nationale, aux restructurations de pans entiers de l’industrie française et à l’évolution de son champ du fait de l’élargissement des effets des politiques de concurrence et commerciale européennes. Cet article retrace sommairement dans ses deux premières parties les constantes (les outils de développement, de régulation, le rôle de la technologie), les objectifs poursuivis (régaliens, économiques, sociétaux) et les principales évolutions de structures administratives qui ont visé à remplir ces objectifs. Dans sa troisième partie, sont décrits les principaux enjeux actuels (en particulier, des trois transitions numérique, énergie et climat, la santé et la démographie). La quatrième est consacrée à quelques pistes permettant d’y répondre.
France/Allemagne : des similitudes et des différences
Authors: Bruneau Sylvaine
Published: November 2021

La stratégie industrielle 2030 adoptée par la France et l’Allemagne et orientée autour de trois axes amène ces deux pays à prendre des mesures importantes dans tous les secteurs de l’économie pour assurer la compétitivité de leurs industries respectives à l’international. Cependant, les structures économiques et l’environnement socio-culturel qui leur sont propres, conduisent la France et l’Allemagne à mettre en place des mesures différentes prenant en compte leurs atouts et faiblesses respectifs. Ces différences doivent être perçues comme représentatives de la complémentarité entre ces deux pays qui constituent un socle solide pour le développement de l’Europe.
2022-2027 : cinq années pour arriver à bien financer les entreprises en France
Authors: Betbèze Jean-Paul
Published: November 2021

Les entreprises françaises vont-elles poursuivre la vive reprise qu’elles manifestent aujourd’hui ? Comment les aider, au moins, à continuer ? C’est la question du moment, sachant qu’elles sont entrées dans la pandémie plus endettées et moins rentables (ceci expliquant en large partie cela) que nombre de leurs concurrentes étrangères, notamment allemandes. Elles n’en sortiront plus fortes, car changées, qu’avec plus d’innovations, d’investissements dans l’informatique et de formation, ainsi qu’avec, en même temps, plus de mobilisation, de profits, mais aussi… de dettes.
Compétitivité et santé
Authors: Bogillot Olivier
Published: November 2021

La crise sanitaire a replacé le secteur de la santé au rang de priorité stratégique de la France et de l’Union européenne. L’un de ses enjeux majeurs est la revue en profondeur des politiques budgétaires de baisse des prix qui ont, depuis plus d’une décennie, obéré la croissance nécessaire aux investissements privés, et ainsi fragilisé l’outil industriel, éloignant du territoire des activités de production et les emplois correspondants. Durant la crise, des initiatives exceptionnelles se sont développées sous l’action des industriels des produits de santé : ce sont des collaborations pour produire le plus de doses de vaccin possible, la mise en commun de données relatives au génome du virus de la Covid-19 ou des investissements pour permettre des reconversions industrielles et des capacités de production. Pour la France, le potentiel que recouvre la possibilité pour elle de devenir le leader européen en produits de santé est certain, à la condition que les facteurs nécessaires au soutien d’une indépendance de la production chimique, de la bioproduction et de l’essor du numérique soient réunis. Des moyens financiers considérables sont déjà mobilisés au niveau budgétaire (en France et en Europe), mais aussi par le biais de projets particuliers (PIIEC) ou de la création d’une agence de prospective (HERA). Des initiatives contribuant à concrétiser ces ambitions émergent déjà, comme la création d’un leader européen dans la production de principes actifs (EuroApi), le développement de l’Alliance France bioproduction ou encore le Campus Biotech Digital, dont l’objectif est de développer les compétences de demain dans ces activités. Dès lors que la France et l’Europe considèrent la santé comme un secteur stratégique, elles doivent se doter de stratégies à plus long terme, définir des politiques volontaristes d’accompagnement de ce secteur et investir dès maintenant pour assurer les innovations de demain, en intégrant toutes les dimensions indispensables à ces succès, comme la gestion des données en santé ou les plateformes d’analyse des données de vie réelle.
Quels enjeux et défis régaliens dans le numérique, notamment en matière de cybersécurité ?
Authors: Caine Patrice
Published: November 2021

La cybersécurité ne doit pas être seulement vue comme une formalité contraignante pour protéger nos systèmes d’information. Elle est, pour ma part, la condition du succès de notre économie numérique. Nous nous arrêterons d’abord sur la variété des menaces et la multiplicité des contextes que recouvre le terme de « cybersécurité ». Puis nous nous interrogerons sur la capacité de la France et de l’Europe à assurer leur souveraineté numérique alors que les équipements et logiciels venant des États-Unis et de Chine irriguent tous les systèmes d’information. Elles le pourront, selon moi, à condition de structurer une filière française et européenne et d’y injecter les moyens financiers et humains nécessaires. Car les compétences existent, en particulier dans des groupes industriels comme Thales. Reste donc aux autorités, tant au niveau français qu’européen, à sonner la mobilisation générale pour que nous puissions nous affirmer en tant que leaders dans des domaines aussi structurants que l’intelligence artificielle, l’Internet des objets ou la cryptographie post-quantique.
Quels enjeux pour le secteur du tourisme français suite à la pandémie de Covid-19 ?
Authors: Leboucher Caroline
Published: November 2021

Mars 2020, la France, première destination touristique mondiale, connaissait un premier confinement. Musées, monuments, parcs de loisirs, théâtres, restaurants et bars fermaient leurs portes ; aéroports et gares étaient soudainement désertés ; foires, salons et congrès annulés ; les déplacements restreints… Pour le secteur du tourisme mondial, la pandémie a entraîné une chute d’activité inédite, impactant l’ensemble des acteurs du secteur. Alors que la reprise du secteur devrait être lente et graduelle, et sujette à l’évolution de la situation sanitaire mondiale, la crise a mis en lumière l’importance économique et sociale du secteur Tourisme, loisirs et affaires, qui pesait 7,4 % du PIB en 2019, ainsi que sa contribution décisive à la balance des paiements courants de la France (excédent du poste Voyages de 11 Mds€ en 2019). Dix-huit mois plus tard, et grâce notamment à des mesures massives de soutien des pouvoirs publics (plus de 30 Mds€ entre mars 2020 et juin 2021), le secteur du tourisme français montre globalement sa capacité de résilience et de rebond. Se posera toutefois la question de la capacité des entreprises à rembourser les prêts garantis par l’État le moment venu. La crise s’est par ailleurs révélée être un accélérateur en matière d’innovation et de transformation numérique du secteur, mais également l’occasion d’une prise de conscience de la fragilité d’un secteur globalement très dépendant des mobilités internationales et des connectivités aériennes, ainsi que de la nécessité d’améliorer son impact environnemental et sociétal. Et si la pire crise affrontée par le secteur du tourisme devait s’avérer être pour lui une opportunité ? Opportunité de s’adapter, de se transformer, d’innover ? Autant d’opportunités d’investissements nouveaux, de création d’activités nouvelles et d’une attractivité pour ses métiers renouvelée ? L’analyse de la crise et de son impact, comme l’observation des nouvelles tendances émergentes sont riches d’enseignements pour développer une politique nationale du tourisme ambitieuse favorisant un tourisme plus compétitif, attractif, innovant, résilient et durable. Tel est l’objet du plan de reconquête et de transformation du tourisme que le Président de la République devrait présenter en novembre 2021. Atout France a contribué activement à l’élaboration de ce plan et prendra toute sa part à sa mise en œuvre.
Structural Violence with Child Welfare Systems
Authors: Cotton Nicole King , Carter Melissa D. , McMickens Courtney L.
Published: November 2021

The child welfare system is a collection of public and private agencies tasked with ensuring the safety, permanency, and well-being of children in the United States. Historically, child welfare policies have caused harm along economic and racial lines, and they continue to do so. Families engaged with the child welfare system are among the most vulnerable in our society, and yet they are often further harmed by the system in place to protect and support them. This harm is known as structural violence. Mental health professionals and others who care for children engaged with the child welfare system benefit from understanding the role the system has played in communities with poverty and in communities of color. This understanding can inform all levels of work, including assessment, treatment, and advocacy. This article uses an illustrative case to examine how policies, economic systems, and other sociopolitical factors in the child welfare system have inflicted harm on families, particularly at the intersection of mental health services and child welfare.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2021;51(11):507–512.]
Double iterative algorithm for solving different constrained solutions of multivariate quadratic matrix equations
Authors: Zhu Shousheng ,   Department of science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
Published: November 2021

Constrained solutions are required in some practical problems. This paper studies the problem of different constrained solutions for a class of multivariate quadratic matrix equations, which has rarely been studied before. First, the quadratic matrix equations are transformed into linear matrix equations by Newton's method. Second, the different constrained solutions of the linear matrix equations are solved by the modified conjugate gradient method, and then the different constrained solutions of the multivariate quadratic matrix equations are obtained. Finally, the convergence of the algorithm is proved. The algorithm can be well performed on the computers, and the effectiveness of the method is verified by numerical examples.
Estimating the Mode of Delivery Through Cause Analysis
Authors: Rabbi Md Forhad , Ripa Umme Salma
Published: November 2021

In developing countries, many health workers force pregnant women in private hospitals having baby through cesarean delivery, even though most pregnant mothers are skeptical about the risk of going under such operations. Doctors often encourage pregnant mothers to have a cesarean on the basis of their physical condition and medical reports. Emergency cesarean patient cannot be prepared in advance but on real time, If a system can be developed that can forecast whether a woman need natural or cesarean delivery, then rate of the risk of the pregnant women get reduce. To design such system, we need to know what factors influences the doctors to choose cesarean over normal delivery. We have conducted a systematic review in well-known databases to understand the various factors of pregnant mothers. A total of 19 studies were selected among 2512 studies based on the relevancy to the research objective. The objective of this study is to predict the mode of delivery based on 10 specific parameters identified separately from 180 parameters present in various test reports.
Inflammatory Monocytes and Subsets of Macrophages with Distinct Surface Phenotype Correlate with Specific Integrin Expression Profile during Murine Sepsis
Authors: Dash Shiba Prasad , Chakraborty Papiya , Sarangi Pranita P
Published: November 2021

Monocytes and macrophages participate in both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses during sepsis. Integrins are the cell adhesion receptors that mediate leukocyte migration and functions. To date, it is not known whether integrin profiles correlate with their trafficking, differentiation, and polarization during sepsis. In this study, using endotoxemia and cecal ligation and puncture model of murine sepsis, we have analyzed the role of surface integrins in tissue-specific infiltration, distribution of monocytes and macrophages, and their association with inflammation-induced phenotypic and functional alterations postinduction (p.i.) of sepsis. Our data show that Ly-6Chi inflammatory monocytes infiltrated into the peritoneum from blood and bone marrow within a few hours p.i. of sepsis, with differential distribution of small (Ly-6CloCD11bloF4/80lo) and large peritoneal macrophages (Ly-6CloCD11bhiF4/80hi) in both models. The results from flow cytometry studies demonstrated a higher expression of integrin α4β1 on the Ly-6Chi monocytes in different tissues, whereas macrophages in the peritoneum and lungs expressed higher levels of integrin α5β1 and αvβ3 in both models. Additionally, F4/80+ cells with CD206hiMHCIIlo phenotype increased in the lungs of both models by six hours p.i. and expressed higher levels of integrin αvβ3 in both lungs and peritoneum. The presence of such cells correlated with higher levels of IL-10 and lower levels of IL-6 and IL-1β transcripts within six hours p.i. in the lungs compared with the mesentery. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis with its experimental validation revealed an association of integrin α4 and α5 with inflammatory (e.g., p-SRC) and integrin αv with regulatory molecules (e.g., TGFBR1) in macrophages during sepsis.
Vps33B in Dendritic Cells Regulates House Dust Mite–Induced Allergic Lung Inflammation
Authors: Ma Jingyu , Han Miaomiao , Yang Di , Zheng Tingting , Hu Ran , Wang Bin , Ye Youqiong , Liu Junling , Huang Gonghua
Published: November 2021

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most specialized APCs that play a critical role in driving Th2 differentiation, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Here we show that vacuolar protein sorting 33B (Vps33B) plays an important role in this process. Mice with Vps33b-specific deletion in DCs, but not in macrophages or T cells, were more susceptible to Th2-mediated allergic lung inflammation than wild-type mice. Deletion of Vps33B in DCs led to enhanced CD4+ T cell proliferation and Th2 differentiation. Moreover, Vps33B specifically restrained reactive oxygen species production in conventional DC1s to inhibit Th2 responses in vitro, whereas Vps33B in monocyte-derived DCs and conventional DC2s was dispensable for Th2 development in asthma pathogenesis. Taken together, our results identify Vps33B as an important molecule that mediates the cross-talk between DCs and CD4+ T cells to further regulate allergic asthma pathogenesis.
Role of EUS at high risk for choledocholithiasis without severe cholangitis and visible stone on cross-sectional imaging
Authors: Choi Young Hoon , Lee Yoon Suk , Lee Sang Hyub , Son Jun Hyuk , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae , Paik Woo Hyun
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives:

The prevalence of choledocholithiasis in the high-risk group of choledocholithiasis has been reported to be slightly more than 50% when there is no definite cholangitis. Replacement of diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) with an EUS-first approach may be beneficial in these patients.

Materials and Methods:

In this prospective, multicenter study, patients with dilated common bile duct and serum total bilirubin levels of 1.8–4 mg/dL were randomly allocated to undergo either EUS first, followed by subsequent ERC if necessary (EUS group) or ERC only (ERC group). The primary endpoint was the incidence of negative outcomes associated with a false-negative diagnosis of the choledocholithiasis or the endoscopic procedure. The secondary endpoints were the rate of diagnostic ERC and hospital stay length related to the endoscopic procedure.

Results:

Of 90 patients who were randomly assigned, the final analysis involved 42 in the EUS group and 44 in the ERC group. The negative outcomes were not significantly different between the EUS and ERC groups (2.4% vs. 6.8%; P = 0.62). The rate of diagnostic ERC was significantly lower in the EUS group (2.4% vs. 47.7%; P < 0.001). The hospital stay length related to the endoscopic procedure was significantly shorter in the EUS group (1.8 ± 1.0 vs. 2.5 ± 1.2 days; P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

In selected high-risk choledocholithiasis patients, an EUS-first strategy significantly decreased the rate of diagnostic ERC and hospital stay but did not achieve a significant reduction in negative endoscopic procedure outcomes.
Spontaneous regression in a primary adenocarcinoma of lung with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation
Authors: Ahmad Farhan , Singh Shalini , Kumari Niraj
Published: November 2021

Spontaneous regression (SR) has been reported sporadically in few tumor types. Its occurrence in non-small-cell lung cancer is relatively rare, more so with adenocarcinoma histology. Various mechanisms of SR have been postulated in literature that may play a role in triggering immune response. However, the exact underlying mechanism has yet to be ascertained. We report a rare case of true SR in a primary adenocarcinoma of lung with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation.
Understanding the Endometrium at Menopause
Authors: Telang Milind , Tanvir Tanvir
Published: November 2021

The risk of premalignant and malignant endometrial pathologies increases in the postmenopausal period. Dilatation and curettage fail to diagnose one in ten endometrial pathologies. Hysteroscopy is the gold standard to evaluate the endometrial cavity. Hysteroscopy can identify malignant or benign pathology with approximately 20% false-positive results. Hysteroscopy combined with biopsy increases the accuracy of diagnosis up to 100%. This pictorial review takes you through the hysteroscopic view of normal-looking postmenopausal atrophic uterus, cystic atrophy, benign endometrial pathologies, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, tamoxifen-induced endometrial hyperplasia and histiocytic endometritis. The purpose of this pictorial review is to guide the operator in systematic evaluation of the endometrial cavity with special attention to the thickness of the endometrium, vascular architecture, location of the lesion and surface aberrations, which adds value to the diagnosis and management of endometrial pathologies.
Atypical Manifestations of Women Presenting with Myocardial Infarction at Tertiary Health Care Center
Authors: Joseph Neethu Maria , Ramamoorthy Lakshmi , Satheesh Santhosh
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Typical chest pain symptoms are the cause that requires individuals to seek out medical care in Acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Evidence suggests, symptoms labelled as 'atypical 'is more common in women with ACS. The present study focuses on the need for the implementation of a gender specific approach in the current scenario by identifying gender based differences that exist in clinical presentations of the patients with ACS. Early identification of women's prodromal and acute symptoms of Myocardial Infarction is an important step in provision of appropriate treatment modality. Present study focus on need for implementation of gender-specific approach in current scenario by identifying gender based differences that exist in risk factors, clinical manifestations in patients presenting with MI.

Methodology:

Cross- sectional analytical study was conducted among 240 Participants (120 males and 120 females). Both men and women diagnosed with MI, who survived, stabilized after admission was included in the study. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data was collected on risk factors profile, clinical manifestations by administering structured questionnaire.

Results:

Risk factors such as history of diabetes, history of dyslipidemia was found to be homogenous among both men and women. 60% of men were ever smokers. Hypertension and known IHD was noted to be significant in women (p<0.002, p <0.001) but men presented with higher BMI (p<0.030). Females increasingly presented with atypical presentations when compared to males (p<0.005). Women commonly had squeezing and tightness type of pain and men reported tightness, burning, pricking type of pain (p<0.003). The majority of the women reported the onset of pain occurrence between 6am to 12 pm(p<0.004), whereas men significantly reported the onset of pain between 12 am -6 am(p<0.001).

Conclusion:

Gender based differences in risk factors and clinical presentation in men and women with myocardial infarction had been a focus in researches that emphasized need for focused assessment for women as they increasingly presents with atypical symptoms. The current study also supports the need of a gender specific approach to avoid delay in diagnosis and care of them.
Acute Presentation of Port Site Hernia Following Robot-Assisted Hysterectomy
Authors: Sinha Rooma , Bana Rupa , Mohanty Girija Shankar
Published: November 2021

Port site hernia (PSH) has been reported following both laparoscopic and robotic surgery. Subsequent surgical intervention increases postoperative morbidity. We report the case of a PSH through the 8-mm trocar following robot-assisted hysterectomy in a 49-year-old female patient, along with a review of the literature. The case was performed with the standard protocol; however, increased intraoperative bleeding was encountered from right uterine artery and vein. Discharged at 48 h, she presented in emergency on the fourth postoperative day with acute intestinal obstruction. Computed tomography scan showed herniation of the jejunal loop through the 8-mm left-sided port. She underwent resection and anastomosis of the necrosed jejunal loop. We review the literature for PSH following robotic gynecological surgeries. Although rare, PSH requires surgical intervention, increasing the postoperative morbidity. Need for fascial closure of 8 mm ports should be considered. High index of suspicion and early recognition can avoid resection of the bowel loop.
Choristomatous Endocervical Polyp with Heterologous Adipose Tissue
Authors: Singh Brij Mohan Kumar , Singh Varun Kumar , Bhat Parvati Vinod
Published: November 2021

Endocervical polyps are a common occurrence in the postmenopausal age group and many reports have described the presence of heterologous elements in the stroma of such polyps. The presence of mature adipose tissue in the stroma has been hypothesized to be arising from the perivascular fat or metaplastic transformation of the smooth muscle cells posttrauma. A 75-year-old female presented with spotting per vagina. Colposcopic examination revealed an endocervical polyp which was excised. Microscopic examination showed an ulcerated epithelium with metaplastic changes along with sheets of mature adipose tissue with focal S100 positivity conferring a diagnosis of choristomatous endocervical polyp with heterologous adipose tissue. The primary clinical concern of a malignant cause in this age group is alleviated by the diagnosis of this rare benign entity. Only three such cases have been reported in the English literature so far, and the present case accounts for the fourth such case.
Refractive Profile in Duane Retraction Syndrome
Authors: Murthy Sowmya Raveendra , Gupta Kanika
Published: November 2021

Aim:

To study the refractive error profile of patients with Duane retraction syndrome (DRS).

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with DRS between January 2015 and December 2018 at a tertiary eye center. All case files of patients diagnosed with DRS were retrieved and analyzed. Following parameters were collected from the records: demographic data, laterality of involvement, type of DRS, type of refractive error, presence of anisometropia, and presence of amblyopia, if any. Type of refractive error was correlated with type of DRS.

Results:

Seventy-seven eyes of 74 patients were included with age range of 2 to 65 years. There were 42 female patients and 32 male patients. Exotropic DRS with unilateral presentation was the commonest pattern. Left eye was predominantly involved in unilateral DRS. Hyperopia (58.1%) was the most common refractive error in both esotropic and exotropic DRS. Anisometropia was present in 16% cases, with anisoastigmatism being the most common refractive error in them. Amblyopia was reported in only three cases with anisometropia being the cause. Abnormal head posture was reported in most of the patients (81%). Upshoots and downshoots were common in exotropic DRS.

Conclusion:

Hyperopia was the most common refractive error in both esotropic and exotropic DRS. Amblyopia was reported in a few cases and was due to anisometropia. This underscores the importance of proper evaluation of refractive error in patients with DRS.
Estado emocional de estudiantes del Colegio "Pablo VI" en el contexto social venezolano y su relación con los procesos cognitivos
Authors: García Oscar , Montero Any
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación, pretende determinar el grado de relación entre el estado emocional del estudiante de 1er Año del Colegio “Pablo VI” y los procesos cognitivos que éste desarrolla. Se desarrolla estudio de tipo descriptivo correlacional, se utilizaron dos test estandarizados como instrumentos. Las variables fueron descritas y relacionadas en el contexto social-económico de Venezuela, existe la intención de generar conocimiento que ayude en la resolución de la problemática que subyace en el estudio, proponiendo recomendaciones a docentes y directivos en pro del bienestar estudiantil. Fueron utilizadas bases teóricas que sustentan las ideas y posibles escenarios en estudio. Fue considerada una muestra de 11 estudiantes a quienes se les aplicó los test, obteniendo los resultados que fueron tabulados y graficados a través de la estadística descriptiva y utilizando el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, los resultados permitieron tener una visión de que existe una alta relación entre las variables estudiadas.
Una aproximación a la escuela de paz
Authors: Cordovés M. Andrés A. , Liscano Cristóbal A. de Jesús , Gómez Marlyn C. , Pernalete V. Olid Y.
Published: November 2021

En el presente ensayo se representa un avance de la investigación que estamos realizando en el eje de Práctica profesional III e Investigación II. La misma corresponde a revisar a la escuela como institución social y se analizan los efectos de esta en el proceso educativo venezolano, a la luz del enfoque Escuela de Paz, se fundamenta en las necesidades arrojadas por la Encuesta de la Calidad en la Educación y en los esfuerzos por una articulación curricular que logre la integralidad de la enseñanza, haciendo énfasis en que la dinámica debe surgir de iniciativas propias de un orden social libre en consonancia con los estímulos académicos y las demandas del entorno, orientando el proceso de manera orgánica, espontánea y acorde con los valores y principios del paradigma crítico.

Escuela de Paz, Articulación Curricular, Proceso Educativo.
Medical Image Segmentation by Fish Schooling Algorithm and Neural Network
Authors: K V Sandeep, Manoj Dandamudi and P Dhanusha
Published: November 2021

Medical image diagnosis by machine decrease the doctor load and increases the efficiency of treatment as well. Many of diagnosis
process depends on chemical data and some are depend on digital images. This work focus on brain tumor medical image
diagnosis by segmenting the tumor region in the image. For tumor detection neural network was trained by the model. Selected
features extract from the image by fish schooling genetic algorithm for training of neural network It was obtained that fish
schooling based genetic feature selection has increases the detection accuracy of trained model. Experiment was done on real
dataset and results compared with existing techniques of tumor detection from MRI images.
Analiza ekonomske opravdanosti investiranja u solarnu elektranu sa vertikalno postavljenim bifacijalnim fotonaponskim modulima u perspektivnim uslovima slobodnog tržišta
Authors: Kuzman Miloš
Published: November 2021

One way to combat climate change is to trade with carbon dioxide emissions rights, which in practice are emitted significantly by energy companies. Globally, this trade takes place through various global, regional and local mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms have already been implemented in the Republic of Serbia, while others have yet to be implemented, such as the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). A prerequisite for participation in these mechanisms is the existence of an appropriate regulatory framework through which the trade of carbon dioxide emissions rights could be freely conducted in the Republic of Serbia. Since such regulatory framework has not yet been established in the Republic of Serbia, this article intends to show the relevant global mechanisms with a focus on EU legislation, as well as to show the potential challenges that participants in the energy market could potentially face if they want to trade carbon dioxide emissions rights within the existing legislative framework in the Republic of Serbia.
Telekommunikációs eszközök használata beavatkozással nem járó kutatásokban
Authors: Turcsiné Czapári Dóra
Published: November 2021

A COVID-19 járvány jelentős új kihívásokat jelentett szinte minden szektor, de különösen az egészségügy és az orvostudomány számára: a vírus elleni védekezés ugyanis megkövetelte az emberi érintkezések és találkozások lehető legalacsonyabb szintre történő visszaszorítását, ami leginkább az egészségügyben dolgozók tekintetében volt elvárás, hiszen az ő védelmük elengedhetetlennek bizonyult ebben a szituációban. A kialakult körülmények nehéz helyzetbe hozták az orvostudományi kutatást végző személyeket, hiszen a kutatásokba történő bevonáshoz a kutató és a beteg személyes találkozása elengedhetetlen követelmény a tájékoztatás és betegbevonás körében érvényesülő előírások miatt. A jelenlegi helyzetben az egyén védelmét szolgáló rendelkezések inkább a tudományos kutatásokat ellehetetlenítő, és mondhatni az Alaptörvény X. cikkében deklarált tudományos kutatás szabadságát korlátozó szabályoknak bizonyultak. Jelen tanulmány a problémára lehetséges megoldást nyújtó telekommunikációs eszközök alkalmazhatóságának kérdéseit vizsgálja.
Trading Data for Health
Authors: Joeckel Sven , Henke Jakob , Dogruel Leyla
Published: November 2021

mHealth apps are growing in popularity among smartphone users. Such apps often contain social features that enable users to compare their behavior with others but to function, mHealth apps require users to share health information which is considered a threat to individuals’ privacy. Building on social comparison theory and research on privacy decision-making, we investigate the effects of users’ social comparison orientation and privacy attitudes as well as the potential mediating effect of health information disclosure on users’ intention to use a dietary app. Relying on a PLS-based structural-equation model in a sample of N = 528 participants, our study supports claims of a positive effect of social comparison orientation on intention to use a mHealth app. Further, the negative effect of privacy attitude and the positive mediation of information disclosure were supported as well. The study also demonstrated that findings were stable when the context of information disclosure is changed.
Changing the Face of Education: Computer-Assisted Instruction in the Secondary Education Classroom
Authors: Tirodkar Sharvari , Lawrence April
Published: November 2021

Researched since the early 1990s, computer-assisted instruction (CAI) continues to prove beneficial for learners across the curriculum. While research has been growing greatly with a focus on higher education, its K-12 education counterpart– specifically secondary education where the use of technology is prevalent– remains largely unexplored. Moreover, as technology advances, students are increasingly exposed to CAI. However, with the rapidly increasing speed of technological advancements, it has become difficult for educational research to progress at the same pace. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic advancing the utilization of instructional technology, it is imperative that all educational stakeholders are introduced to the benefits that CAI can provide: an education that caters to students’ learning preferences, equal educational opportunities for all students, and an enhancement of students’ motivation in the classroom. With educators more readily integrating technology to support traditional lesson plans, demonstrating its positive impacts on all educational stakeholders can help to alleviate reservations and foster more effective implementation of CAI.
Why We Must Raise the Age of Juveniles: A Scientific Review
Authors: Mintz Avital , Day-Cooney Julian
Published: November 2021

Since 1971, the age at which people are no longer considered juveniles in the eyes of the law has been 18 years old. However, given that 18–25-year-olds have the highest rate of crime of all age groups, it is clear that prison is not working well to prevent future crimes of this specific group; The system in place is failing these ages. Neuroscience evidence has proven that the brain is still maturing after 18 years-old, especially in brain regions related to criminal behavior and instincts. In this paper, using evidence from neuroscience, I propose that the age of adulthood in the courtroom must be revised to reflect new discoveries in brain science.
Academic Freedom and Its Constraints: A Complex History
Authors: Axelrod Paul
Published: November 2021

Academic freedom has a long, complex history in Canada and elsewhere. For reasons that are at times justifiable and at times indefensible, academic freedom has been constrained in a variety of ways, and not only by institutional or political authorities. Using illustrations drawn from Canada and beyond, this article tracks the history and progress of academic freedom and takes stock of its status in the first part of the 21st century. It explores the origins of academic freedom, the evolving ways in which it has been qualified and even impeded, the particularity of Canadian approaches to its values and practices, and the ongoing challenges universities may face sustaining academic freedom in unsettled and unpredictable times.
Enhanced Deep Hierarchical Long Short-Term Memory and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory for Tamil Emotional Speech Recognition using Data Augmentation and Spatial Features
Authors: Fernandes Bennilo , Mannepalli Kasiprasad
Published: November 2021

Neural networks have become increasingly popular for language modelling and within these large and deep models, overfitting, and gradient remains an important problem that heavily influences the model performance. As long short-term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BILSTM) individually solve long-term dependencies in sequential data, the combination of both LSTM and BILSTM in hierarchical gives added reliability to minimise the gradient, overfitting, and long learning issues. Hence, this paper presents four different architectures such as the Enhanced Deep Hierarchal LSTM & BILSTM (EDHLB), EDHBL, EDHLL & EDHBB has been developed. The experimental evaluation of a deep hierarchical network with spatial and temporal features selects good results for four different models. The average accuracy of EDHLB is 92.12%, EDHBL is 93.13, EDHLL is 94.14% & EDHBB is 93.19% and the accuracy level obtained for the basic models such as the LSTM, which is 74% and BILSTM, which is 77%. By evaluating all the models, EDHBL performs better than other models, with an average efficiency of 94.14% and a good accuracy rate of 95.7%. Moreover, the accuracy for the collected Tamil emotional dataset, such as happiness, fear, anger, sadness, and neutral emotions indicates 100% accuracy in a cross-fold matrix. Emotions such as disgust show around 80% efficiency. Lastly, boredom shows 75% accuracy. Moreover, the training time and evaluation time utilised by EDHBL is less when compared with the other models. Therefore, the experimental analysis shows EDHBL as superior to the other models on the collected Tamil emotional dataset. When compared with the basic models, it has attained 20% more efficiency.