bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transport Quality Profiles of European Cities Based on a Multidimensional Set of Satisfaction Ratings Indicators
Authors: Diana Marco , Duarte André , Pirra Miriam
Published: September 2017

A monitoring system of perceived quality of transport services at the city level is proposed on the basis of a set of 92 indicators covering various travel modes and considering the viewpoints of different groups. Special emphasis was given to public transport, bicycles, pedestrians, and travelers with special needs (e.g., commuters, visitors, mobility-challenged or communication-impaired travelers). Indicators were found through principal component analysis from a set of satisfaction ratings elicited through a survey in eight European cities, implemented within the METPEX research project, a measurement tool to determine the quality of passenger experience. Benchmarking values were computed for all indicators to provide the analyst with some initial guidance. All indicators were then visualized through a dashboard that could give policy makers a synthetic overview of the main areas where perceived quality and accessibility were above or below average. At the same time, joint consideration of indicators from different dimensions of the evaluation exercise—by travel means, by traveler profile, by phase of the journey experience—provided additional insights on specific issues that would be overlooked in a coarser-quality assessment activity.
Analysis of Speed Differences in Data from Remote Traffic Microwave Sensors and Floating Car Data Systems on Expressways
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Yu Lei , Gao Yong , Zhang Jianbo , Song Guohua
Published: September 2017

The remote traffic microwave sensor (RTMS) and the floating car data (FCD) system are two important sources of traffic data; both provide key speed information. However, these two data processes gather data differently. The RTMS detects spot speeds at specific cross sections. The FCD system collects travel speed along a segment of a road link. Although the difference between time mean speed (TMS) and space mean speed (SMS) has been discussed for decades, the speed differences between RTMS and FCD have been underestimated in many engineering applications. This study examined the speed differences between the RTMS and FCD data on expressways in Beijing. First, the differences between the two data collections over 5 days were analyzed. The correlation between the difference and the value of the speeds was investigated. The relationships between TMS and SMS in existing studies were then compared with the relationship derived from the field data. It was found that the existing relationships between TMS and SMS were not valid for representing the relationship between the RTMS and FCD speeds. The flow–speed relationship from each data group was then investigated by using the Van Aerde traffic flow model; it was found that free-flow speed and speed at capacity determined on the basis of the RTMS data were significantly overestimated. It was inaccurate to apply the RTMS speed to the analysis of fundamental traffic flow diagrams. Finally, the repeatability and stability of the relationship between these two data groups were validated.
Incident Detection Through Twitter
Authors: Yazici M. Anil , Mudigonda Sandeep , Kamga Camille
Published: September 2017

Traffic incident information is disseminated via Twitter from various types of accounts. It is more common to find active or transitive verbs and adverbs in tweets from personal accounts because individuals report personal experiences (e.g., “just saw an accident”). Tweets from an organization or agency [e.g., 511 (a telephone hotline for transportation information widely used in the United States and Canada), departments of transportation] are more structured and commonly include nouns and past participles (e.g., “one lane blocked”). Organization accounts mostly provide incident location, type, severity, and so on, whereas personal tweets do not usually provide such details. However, an agency tweets about an incident usually after the incident management (IM) officials have already been notified. Because of this timing, a personal tweet is more likely to carry useful “new” information for IM purposes. This study investigated the detection of traffic incidents through Twitter feeds by using these differences in structure and information content found in organization and personal social media accounts. Tweets collected via the Twitter public application programming interface were manually coded and treated separately as either personal or organizational, and the “dictionaries” used to perform relevancy classification were derived separately. Combinations of dictionaries (i.e., personal only, organizational only, personal and organizational) were used for “term frequency–inverse document frequency” and naïve Bayesian analysis. It was shown that analysis specific to account types helped achieve better accuracy in classification for targeting relevant tweets. Therefore, account-specific analysis should be considered for more efficient and effective event detection for IM purposes.
Use of Taxi-Trip Data in Analysis of Demand Patterns for Detection and Explanation of Anomalies
Authors: Markou Ioulia , Rodrigues Filipe , Pereira Francisco C.
Published: September 2017

Because of environmental and economic stress, current strong investment in adaptive transport systems can efficiently use capacity, minimizing costs and environmental impacts. The common vision is of a system that dynamically changes itself (the supply) to anticipate the needs of travelers (the demand). In some occasions, unexpected and unwanted demand patterns are noticed in the traffic network; these patterns lead to system failures and cost implications. Significantly, low speeds or excessively low flows at an unforeseeable time are only some of the phenomena that are often noticed and need to be explained for a transport system to develop a better future response. The objective of this research was the formulation of a methodology that could identify anomalies on traffic networks and correlate them with special events by using Internet data. The main subject of interest in this study was the investigation of why traffic congestion was occurring as well as why demand fluctuated on days when there were no apparent reasons for such phenomena. The system was evaluated by using Google’s public data set for taxi trips in New York City. A “normality” baseline was defined at the outset and then used in the subsequent study of the demand patterns of individual days to detect outliers. With the use of this approach it was possible to detect fluctuations in demand and to analyze and correlate them with disruptive event scenarios such as extreme weather conditions, public holidays, religious festivities, and parades. Kernel density analysis was used so that the affected areas, as well as the significance of the observed differences compared with the average day, could be depicted.
Coexistence of strongly buckled germanene phases on Al(111)
Authors: Wang Weimin , Uhrberg Roger I G
Published: September 2017

We report a study of structural and electronic properties of a germanium layer on Al(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low energy electron diffraction and core-level photoelectron spectroscopy. Experimental results show that a germanium layer can be formed at a relatively high substrate temperature showing either (3×3) or (√7×√7)R±19.1° reconstructions. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory suggest an atomic model consisting of a strongly buckled (2×2) germanene layer, which is stable in two different orientations on Al(111). Simulated STM of both orientations fit nicely with experimental STM images and the Ge 3d core-level data decomposed into four components is consistent with the suggested model.
Some strategies to improve the learning process
Authors: Amante García Beatriz , Martínez Martínez María
Published: September 2017

This last issue of JOTSE’s volume 7 focuses on the diverse teaching/learning strategies being carried out in several universities worldwide. In this sense, our current issue reflects that no matter the continent nor the subject being taught the teaching staff is always concerned with students’ learning process in their classrooms and that is why they do research on a wide range of strategies that could possibly favour such learning process as well as motivate their students.
Distribución espacial y análisis ambiental de la flora alpina en los Pirineos
Authors: Gómez D. , Ferrández J. V. , Tejero P. , Font X.
Published: September 2017

La reciente edición del “Atlas digital de Flora vascular de los Pirineos” (www.florapyrenaea.org) permite delimitar la flora alpina para conocer su diversidad, su distribución espacial y algunas características ambientales. La flora alpina de los Pirineos está formada por 645 taxones (630 especies y 15 subespecies). Todas las regiones administrativas muestran más del 60% de las plantas y Cataluña y Aragón tienen la mayor representación (sobre el 90%). En el gradiente altitudinal la mayor diversidad se encuentra entre 2300 y 2500 m, pero un 25% supera los 3000 m. Por otra parte, sorprende el número de plantas alpinas que se encuentran en los niveles altitudinales más bajos: más de 300 plantas viven por debajo de los 1500 m. El rango medio altitudinal de la flora alpina es de 1369 m, 300 m más amplio que el del conjunto de la flora pirenaica. Las formas biológicas, distribución por hábitats y naturalidad de los hábitats de la flora alpina es diferente significativamente del conjunto de la flora. Las categorías de abundancia difieren también significativamente y muestran un menor grado de rareza entre las plantas alpinas que en el conjunto de la flora. Más de la mitad de los endemismos pirenaicos están presentes en la flora alpina. La alta diversidad y amplitud ecológica de la flora alpina debe ser considerada a la hora de evaluar su fragilidad frente al “cambio global” y de definir políticas de conservación desde una perspectiva común para toda la Cordillera.
Analysis of the paralysis of government leadership in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Dibie Robert , Dibie Josephine
Published: September 2017

This article examines the nature of the paralysis of public governance, leadership, conflict and economic development in selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that ineffective political leadership and conflict will serve as a lever to poor economic growth and social development. Servant leadership and democratic representation are the continuous process of development that could be accomplished through the participation of the citizens in their own development. The dynamics of development and participation at both national and grassroots levels must involve the exposure of government change agents to peace, participatory learning and action models. The article uses data derived from primary and secondary sources to analyse the problem of political conflict, peace, leadership and economic growth. The conceptual framework is based on the structural conflict theory, negative and positive peace theories, frustration-aggression theory, physiological theories, human needs theory and economic theories. The findings show that there is a negative correlation between authoritarian political leadership and economic growth in Africa. In addition, there is a positive relationship between authoritarian political leadership and conflict in several countries in Africa. The article recommends internal and external mediation and peace education mechanisms to prevent conflict from escalating or degenerating into avoidable crises. Thus, government, private sector and nongovernmental organisations should collaborate to restore justice and equality by liberating citizens from cultural, and ethnic elements that subjugate them. The nations in sub-Saharan Africa need to establish capacity-building initiatives that could help to nurture changes in behaviour, attitudes, peace and humanist paradigm, as well as offer not only the basis for self-reliance, participatory sustainable development, but also a means to peaceful shared governance and inclusive democracy.
Variations in the physicochemical and optical properties of natural
aerosols in Puerto Rico – Implications for climate
Authors: Rivera Héctor , Ogren John A. , Andrews Elisabeth , Mayol-Bracero Olga L.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols stay a major cause of uncertainty in climate prediction. Hundreds of teragrams and the absorbing properties of aerosols such as African dust and volcanic ash affect radiative balance changing atmospheric temperature and thus, climate. Since 2005, we began to check the physicochemical and optical properties of aerosols at the Cape San Juan Atmospheric Observatory, Puerto Rico. Based on the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory backward trajectories and satellite imagery from the Volcanic Ash Advisory Center in Washington D.C., Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, and Saharan air layer images, we grouped natural aerosols in three air masses: marine, African dust and volcanic ash. A sun-sky radiometer from the NASA's AErosol RObotic NETwork assessed total aerosol optical depth and its fine fraction. A 3-wavelength nephelometer and particle soot absorption photometer assessed the scattering and absorption coefficients. Two impactors segregated the submicron (Dp
Possible threshold controls on sediment grain properties of Peruvian coastal river basins
Authors: Litty Camille , Schlunegger Fritz , Viveen Willem
Published: September 2017

Abstract. To determine possible controls on sediment grain properties, 21 coastal rivers located along the entire western Peruvian margin were analysed. This represents one of the largest grain size dataset that has been collected over a large area. Modern gravel beds were sampled along a north–south transect on the western side of the Peruvian Andes where the rivers cross the tip of the mountain range, and at each site the long a axis and the intermediate b axis of about 500 pebbles were measured. Morphometric properties of each drainage basin, sediment and water discharge, together with flow shear stresses, were determined and compared against measured grain properties. Pebble size data show that the values for the D50 are nearly constant and range between 2 and 3 cm, while the values of the D96 range between 6 and 12 cm. The ratios between the intermediate and the long axis range from 0.67 to 0.74. Linear correlations between all grain size percentiles and water shear stresses, mean basin denudation rates, mean basin slopes and basin sizes are small to non-existent. However, exceptionally large D50 values of 4–6 cm were measured for basins situated between 11–12 and 16–17° S latitude where hillslope gradients are steeper than on average or where mean annual stream flows exceed the average values of the western Peruvian streams by a factor of 2. We suggest that the generally uniform grain size pattern has been perturbed where either mean basin slopes or water fluxes exceed threshold conditions.
Optimizing the parameterization of deep mixing and internal seiches in one-dimensional hydrodynamic models: a case study with Simstrat v1.3
Authors: Gaudard Adrien , Schwefel Robert , Vinnå Love Råman , Schmid Martin , Wüest Alfred , Bouffard Damien
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This paper presents an improvement of a one-dimensional lake hydrodynamic model (Simstrat) to characterize the vertical thermal structure of deep lakes. Using physically based arguments, we refine the transfer of wind energy to basin-scale internal waves (BSIWs). We consider the properties of the basin, the characteristics of the wind time series and the stability of the water column to filter and thereby optimize the magnitude of wind energy transferred to BSIWs. We show that this filtering procedure can significantly improve the accuracy of modelled temperatures, especially in the deep water of lakes such as Lake Geneva, for which the root mean square error between observed and simulated temperatures was reduced by up to 40 %. The modification, tested on four different lakes, increases model accuracy and contributes to a significantly better reproduction of seasonal deep convective mixing, a fundamental parameter for biogeochemical processes such as oxygen depletion. It also improves modelling over long time series for the purpose of climate change studies.
Auto-calibration of a one-dimensional hydrodynamicecological
model (DYRESM 4.0-CAEDYM 3.1) using a
Monte Carlo approach: simulations of hypoxic events in
a polymictic lake
Authors: Luo Liancong , Hamilton David , Lan Jia , McBride Chris , Trolle Dennis
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Automated calibration of complex deterministic water quality models with a large number of biogeochemical parameters can reduce time-consuming iterative simulations involving empirical judgements of model fit. We undertook auto-calibration of the one-dimensional hydrodynamic-ecological lake model DYRESM-CAEDYM, using a Monte Carlo Sampling (MCS) method, in order to test the applicability of this procedure for shallow, polymictic Lake Rotorua (New Zealand). The calibration procedure involved independently minimising the root-mean-square-error (RMSE), maximizing the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficient coefficient (Nr) for comparisons of model state variables against measured data. An assigned number of parameter permutations was used for 10,000 simulation iterations. The optimal temperature calibration produced a RMSE of 0.54 °C, Nr-value of 0.99 and r-value of 0.98 through the whole water column based on comparisons with 540 observed water temperatures collected between 13 July 2007–13 January 2009. The modeled bottom dissolved oxygen concentration (20.5 m below surface) was compared with 467 available observations. The calculated RMSE of the simulations compared with the measurements was 1.78 mg L−1, the Nr-value was 0.75 and the r-value was 0.87. The autocalibrated model was further tested for an independent data set by simulating bottom-water hypoxia events for the period 15 January 2009 to 8 June 2011 (875 days). This verification produced an accurate simulation of five hypoxic events corresponding to DO < 2 mg L−1 during summer of 2009–2011. The RMSE was 2.07 mg L−1, Nr-value 0.62 and r-value of 0.81, based on the available data set of 738 days. The auto-calibration software of DYRESM-CAEDYM developed here is substantially less time-consuming and more efficient in parameter optimisation than traditional manual calibration which has been the standard tool practiced for similar complex water quality models.
Gas Flaring in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Cost, Ecological and Human Health Implications
Authors: Osuoha Christopher A. , Fakutiju Michael A.
Published: September 2017

The study examines the relationship between total gas produced, utilized and flared, also the social cost, economic cost and the public health consequences resulting from gas flaring in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The environmental and economic impacts caused by gas flaring activities in this part of the world between 1999 and 2015 were analyzed to establish the relationship gas flaring has with lost economic opportunities, ecological damage and human health challenges. The study examined and discussed the gas flaring cost, the volume of gas produced, public health cost, the cost of pollution abatement technology, social cost-benefit, the regulatory policies, and the reason why oil companies still flare gases. There is no single empirical approach, estimation technique or emission index to quantify the exact impact of gas flaring. The impact of gas flaring on the Niger Delta region is not an assumption but a reality that is supported by verifiable evidence. We find that gas flaring has a devastating impact on human health and the natural ecology. Available cost-effective technological solutions can be deployed by the oil companies to abate the flaring, expand revenue and improve the environmental quality in the Niger Delta area.
A diversidade vai a creche: reflexões sobre a implementação da Lei Federal 10.639/03, na Creche do Morro da Queimada em Florianópolis
Authors: Cardoso Cintia , Cardoso Cintia
Published: September 2017

Este artigo tem por propósito problematizar, discutir as implicações da implementação da lei 10.639, em uma creche da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Florianópolis/SC, a partir de um levantamento dos marcos normativos da Educação Infantil e Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais, e um levantamento dos documentos oficiais da instituição. Pretendemos aprofundar alguns aspectos referentes à prática pedagógica que instigaram nosso interesse na investigação das contradições, e ações experenciadas no espaço escolar. Para tal ancoramos nossa pesquisa em dois aspectos: branquitude normativa e descolonização dos currículos. Diante de tal complexidade, destacamos a importância da análise a adoção de ações afirmativas no âmbito educacional tem influenciado os currículos, coadunando com a compreensão das políticas de promoção da igualdade racial na rede de educação infantil de Florianópolis/SC e os mecanismos utilizados para a construção de uma educação para as relações étnicoraciais referentes à assunção da valorização da diversidade cultural e da promoção de uma educação para as relações étnico-raciais. Para além do cumprimento de dispositivos legais, que suscitam questionamentos e indagações sobre o entendimento dos profissionais dessa instituição a cerca da importância da história da cultura africana e dos afro-brasileiros. Pretendemos contribuir para superar as contradições, favorecendo o debate sobre as relações étnico-raciais e acolhimento real da Lei 10.639/2003, apontando caminhos para adesão coletiva da proposta, potencializando descobertas de metodologias para aplicação da lei nas práticas pedagógicas.
O papel da História na legitimação do Sacro Império Romano-Germânico em Marsílio de Pádua
Authors: Araújo Fabiano Arndt
Published: September 2017

No início de século XIV, apesar do relativo enfraquecimento do Papado, exilado em Avignon, e da perda de prestígio e influência sofrida pelo Sacro Império Romano-Germânico, o clássico conflito medieval entre Império e Papado reacendeu-se nas figuras de Luís IV da Baviera e João XXII. Nesse contexto, Marsílio Mainardini, professor da Universidade de Paris, optou por colocar-se ao lado de Luís IV em oposição ao pontífice, produzindo tratados cujo objetivo era dar legitimidade ao Império, demonstrando a autonomia do poder secular. No presente trabalho, nosso objetivo foi analisar o tratado De Translatione Imperii, identificando os argumentos lançados por Marsílio de Pádua para a legitimação do Sacro Império Romano-Germânico e analisando os diferentes aspectos inerentes a tais argumentos. De modo geral, destacamos a forma como as ideias de Marsílio inserem-se em um contexto maior, de “secularização” das reflexões políticas, que marca a transição do Medievo à Modernidade.
A Odisseia de Chabert: um herói entre dois tempos
Authors: Leite Tania Regina
Published: September 2017

Nossa intenção nesse artigo, ao fazer uma leitura comparada de uma pequena novela de Balzac intitulada O Coronel Chabert com o poema épico a Odisseia, é compreender a forma como Balzac se apropriou de um texto da tradição para contar o seu próprio tempo.
Choosing a nursing career: Building an indigenous nursing workforce
Authors: Deravin Linda , Francis Karen , Anderson Judith
Published: September 2017

Introduction: This paper provides an overview of the impact of government policy in supporting the growth of an Indigenous nursing workforce in New South Wales and Australia.Methods: Publically available nursing workforce performance reports along with current literature were reviewed to provide a perspective on the current situation.Results and discussion: The National partnership agreement on closing the gap in Indigenous health outcomes indicated that to improve Indigenous health outcomes, significant investment is required with particular reference to increasing an Indigenous workforce. As nurses comprise the majority of the health workforce a number of strategies and initiatives have been put in place to support this agreement. Even though there has been commitment through government policy and funding initiatives it is questionable if this is having any real impact on growing an Indigenous nursing workforce.Conclusions: Recruitment strategies that will increase the number of Indigenous nurses within the health workforce requires a multilevel approach. Despite efforts to increase Indigenous nursing workforce numbers, there has been limited impact to any real successful gains since 2008. Building and growing an Indigenous nursing workforce that will support the “Closing the Gap” initiative will require significant continuing effort.
Imaginative Machines
Authors: Romele Alberto ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2017

In philosophy of emerging media, several scholars have insisted on the fact that the “new” of new technologies does not have much to do with communication, but rather with the exponential growth of recording. In this paper, instead, the thesis advanced is that digital technologies do not concern memory, but imagination, and more precisely, what philosophers from Kant onwards have called productive imagination. In this paper, however, the main reference will not be Kant, but Paul Ricoeur, who explicitly refers to the Kantian productive imagination in his works, but also offered an externalized, semioticized, and historicized interpretation of it. The article is developed in three steps. In the first section, it deals with Ricoeur’s theory of narrative, based on the notions of mimesis and mythos. In the second section, it is first argued that human imagination is always-already extended. Second, it will be shown how mimesis and mythos are precisely the way software works. In the third section, the specificity of big data is introduced. Big data is the promise of giving our actions and existences a meaning that we are incapable of perceiving, for lack of sensibility (i.e., data) and understanding (i.e., algorithms). Scholars have used the Foucauldian concepts of panopticon and confession for describing the human condition in the digital age. In the conclusion, it is argued that big data makes any form of disclosure unnecessary. Big data is an ensemble of technological artifacts, methods, techniques, practices, institutions, and forms of knowledge aiming at taking over the way someone narratively accounts for himself or herself before the others. Hence, another Foucauldian notion is representative of this age: the parrhesia, to speak candidly, and to take a risk in speaking the truth, insofar as such a possibility is anesthetized.
Rivaroxaban Causes Missed Diagnosis of Protein S Deficiency but Not of Activated Protein C Resistance (Factor V Leiden)
Authors: Maryamchik Elena , Rosenbaum Matthew W. , Van Cott Elizabeth M.
Published: September 2017

Context.—

Rivaroxaban causes a false increase in activated protein C resistance (APCR) ratios and protein S activity.

Objective.—

To investigate whether this increase masks a diagnosis of factor V Leiden (FVL) or protein S deficiency in a “real-world” population of patients undergoing rivaroxaban treatment and hypercoagulation testing.

Design.—

During a 2.5-year period, we compared 4 groups of patients (n = 60): FVL heterozygous (FVL-HET)/taking rivaroxaban, wild-type/taking rivaroxaban, FVL-HET/no rivaroxaban, and normal APCR/no rivaroxaban. Patients taking rivaroxaban were tested for protein S functional activity and free antigen (n = 32).

Results.—

The FVL-HET patients taking rivaroxaban had lower APCR ratios than wild-type patients (P < .001). For FVL-HET patients taking rivaroxaban, mean APCR was 1.75 ± 0.12, versus 1.64 ± 0.3 in FVL-HET patients not taking rivaroxaban (P = .005). Activated protein C resistance in FVL-HET patients fell more than 3 SDs below the cutoff of 2.2 at which the laboratory reflexes FVL DNA testing. No cases of FVL were missed despite rivaroxaban. In contrast, rivaroxaban falsely elevated functional protein S activity, regardless of the presence or absence of FVL (P < .001). A total of 4 of 32 patients (12.5%) had low free protein S antigen (range, 58%–67%), whereas their functional protein S activity appeared normal (range 75%–130%). Rivaroxaban would have caused a missed diagnosis of all cases of protein S deficiency during the study if testing relied on the protein S activity assay alone.

Conclusions.—

Despite rivaroxaban treatment, APCR testing can distinguish FVL-HET from normal patients, rendering indiscriminate FVL DNA testing of all patients on rivaroxaban unnecessary. Free protein S should be tested in patients taking rivaroxaban to exclude hereditary protein S deficiency.
Avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da versão em português da escala de religiosidade da duke (p-durel)
Authors: Silva José Vitor da , Dias Bruno Vilas Boas
Published: September 2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características psicométricas de la versión en portugués del Índice de Religiosidad de Duke (P- DUREL). La muestra estuvo constituida por 600 residentes de una ciudad del sur del Estado de Minas Gerais. La fiabilidad fue verificada por la consistencia interna y por la prueba re -prueba. La validez concurrente fue calculada por la correlación con el índice de calidad de vida de Ferrans y Powers. La validez de constructo convergente fue analizada por la correlación de la escala de medida de sentimiento de religiosidad; la validez discriminante fue probada comparando los valores obtenidos entre personas con enfermedad crónica, el uso de medicamentos, la práctica religiosa y las franjas etarias. El análisis factorial fue interpretado por la concordancia entre la prueba y la re-prueba; la validez de criterio y la validez de constructo fueron confirmadas por las correlaciones estadísticamente significativas. El análisis factorial confirmó que los factores formados son semejantes a los originales.
Aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos de estomizados intestinais provisórios
Authors: Aguiar Janderson Cleiton , Pereira Adriana Pelegrini dos Santos , Galisteu Katia Jaira , Lourenção Luciano Garcia , Pinto Maria Helena
Published: September 2017

El estudio caracteriza aspectos sociodemográficos y clínicos de pacientes ostomizados provisionalmente atendidos por en un servicio de atención al ostomizado. Estudio transversal realizado con 117 personas con estoma intestinal provisorio. Los datos fueron recogidos por medio de la revisión de los expedientes clínicos y de entrevistas estructuradas. Prevalencia del sexo masculino (54,7%), edad mediana de 62,9 años; 59,8% casados, 74,4% católicos, 70,9% con hasta ocho años de estudio, 52,9% ejercían actividad laboral remunerada; 51,3% de ellos debieron interrumpir sus actividades laborales y 44,4% no retornaron y solicitaron pensión de la seguridad social. De los 57 (48,7%) que no interrumpieron las actividades laborales 33,3% eran jubilados, 13,6% ejercía actividad no remunerada y 1,7% eran trabajadores autónomos sin derecho a pensión por alejamiento. La mayoría tenía ingreso familiar de hasta 2 sueldos mínimos (67,5%). La neoplasia predominó como causa del estoma (47,9%), seguida por abdomen agudo (31,6%). Las colostomías fueron más frecuentes (75,2%), la permanencia del estoma fue en media de 5,3 años ( mínimo de 6 meses y máximo de 25 años). El conocimiento de las características de la población atendida contribuye a la planificación de los servicios de acuerdo con las verdaderas necesidades de la población, posibilitando servicios más eficientes y efectivos y, consecuentemente, mejora el nivel de satisfacción de los usuarios.
Itinerário terapêutico de adolescentes com osteossarcoma
Authors: Silva Tamara Mitchell Ribeiro da , Souza Sonia Regina De , Couto Leila Leontina
Published: September 2017

Son varios los factores que interfieren en la demora del diagnóstico y tratamiento de adolescentes con osteosarcoma. El propósito de este artículo era describir el itinerario terapéutico de adolescentes con osteosarcoma. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de caso llevado a cabo en una institución pública especializada en oncología en el estado de Río de Janeiro. Se realizaron tres estudios de caso de adolescentes con osteosarcoma amputados con la descripción del itinerario terapéutico. Se identificaron problemas relacionados con las dificultades del diagnóstico temprano, tales como la relación familiar con el adolescente; la fragilidad de la red de salud adecuada para el adolescente y la dificultad del diagnóstico de cáncer infantil. El diagnóstico temprano debe ser revelado a través de un sistema de atención básica de la salud integrado con atención especializada. Para la detección temprana del osteosarcoma en adolescentes es fundamental que el sistema de salud sea integrado, de atención básica con atención especializada, para evitar el descubrimiento de nuevos casos más tarde.
O nucléolo de estudo do fígado (nef) como espaço da extensão universitária
Authors: Lins Francisco Xavier Dantas , Miranda Moêmia Gomes de Oliveira , Rabelo Priscilla Malaquias
Published: September 2017

Se trata de un estudio documental que tiene como objetivo describir la trayectoria histórica del Nucléolo de Estudios del Hígado (NEF) como extensión de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FACS) de la Universidad del Estado de Rio Grande do Norte (UERN). Para alcanzar el objetivo se efectuó el relevamiento, la lectura y la interpretación de los documentos institucionales. El estudio ha permitido comprender la madurez y ampliación del NEF como extensión universitaria; sus contribuciones por medio de acciones, descubriendo otro concepto de la extensión, o sea, como vía de dos manos, con posibilidades de implementar la articulación entre la teoría y la práctica, y la inseparabilidad de la enseñanza, la investigación y la extensión, marcando el rol social de la universidad. El NEF enfrenta, sin embargo, desafíos para el desarrollo de sus acciones. Son desafíos de naturaleza conceptual, financiera, organizacional, política, ética y cultural. De esta manera, el camino debe ser evaluado y (re) significado para implementar el concepto de extensión popular, y, consecuentemente, una universidad ciudadana. Este es el principal desafío que debe enfrentar el NEF/FACS y todos los cursos de la UERN.
Is This a Geolibrary? A Case of the Idaho Geospatial Data Center
Authors: Jankowska Maria Anna , Jankowski Piotr
Published: September 2017

The article presents the Idaho Geospatial Data Center (IGDC), a digital library of public-domain geographic data for the state of Idaho. The design and implementation of IGDC are introduced as part of the larger context of a geolibrary model. The article presents methodology and tools used to build IGDC with the focus on a geolibrary map browser. The use of IGDC is evaluated from the perspective of accessa and demand for geographic data. Finally, the article offers recommendations for future development of geospatial data centers.
That's My Bailiwick: A Library-Sponsored Faculty Research Web Server
Authors: Soderdahl Paul A. , Hughes Carol Ann
Published: September 2017

The University of Iowa Libraries provide a unique, new, scholarly publishing outlet for their faculty and graduate students.
Site License Initiatives in the United Kingdom: The PSLI and NESLI Experience
Authors: Borin Jacqueline
Published: September 2017

This article examines the development of site licensing within the United Kingdom higher education community. In particular, it looks at haw the pressure to make better use of dwindling fiscal resources led to the conclusion that information technology and its exploitation was necessary in order to create an effective library service. These conclusions, reached in the Follett Report of 1993, led to the establishment of a Pilot Site License Initiative and then a National Electronic Site License Initiative. The focus of this article is these initiatives and the issues they faced, which included off-site access, definition of a site and perhaps mostimportantly, the unbundling of print and electronic journals.
Pearls: Pixel Sizes for Web Pages
Authors: Marmion Dan
Published: September 2017

Pearls: Pixel Sizes for Web Pages
Editorial: I Inhaled
Authors: Helmer John F.
Published: September 2017

Editorial: I Inhaled
Prospector: A Multivendor, Multitype, and Multistate Western Union Catalog
Authors: Bush Carmel
Published: September 2017

The Prospector project represents a unique union catalog. The origin, goals, and design of the union catalog that uses the INN-Reach system are presented. Challenges of the union catalog include the integration of records from libraries that do not use the Innovative Interfaces system and the development of best practices for participating libraries.
Policies Governing Use of Computing Technology in Academic Libraries
Authors: Vaughan Jason
Published: September 2017

The networked computing environment is a vital resource for academic libraries. Ever-increasing use dictates the prudence of having a comprehensive computer-use policy in force. Universities often have an overarching policy or policies governing the general use of computing technology that helps to safeguard the university equipment, software, and network against inappropriate use. Libraries often benefit from having an adjunct policy that works to emphasize the existence and important points of higher-level policies, while also providing a local context for systems and policies pertinent to the library in particular. Having computer-use policies at the university and library level Helps provide a comprehensive, encompassing guide for the effective and appropriate use of this vital resource.
Managing Metadata for Philatelic Materials
Authors: Ozeran Megan
Published: September 2017

Stamp collectors frequently donate their stamps to cultural heritage institutions. As digitization becomes more prevalent for other kinds of materials, it is worth exploring how cultural heritage institutions are digitizing their philatelic materials. This paper begins with a review of the literature about the purpose of metadata, current metadata standards, and metadata that are relevant to philatelists. The paper then examines the digital philatelic collections of four large cultural heritage institutions, discussing the metadata standards and elements employed by these institutions. The paper concludes with a recommendation to create international standards that describe metadata management explicitly for philatelic materials.
A Case Study on the Path to Resource Discovery
Authors: Guay Beth
Published: September 2017

A meeting in April 2015 explored the potential withdrawal of valuable collections of microfilm held by the University of Maryland, College Park Libraries. This resulted in a project to identify OCLC record numbers (OCN) for addition to OCLC’s Chadwyck-Healey Early English Books Online (EEBO) KBART file.[i] Initially, the project was an attempt to adapt cataloging workflows to a new environment in which the copy cataloging of e-resources takes place within discovery system tools rather than traditional cataloging utilities and MARC record set or individual record downloads into online catalogs. In the course of the project, it was discovered that the microfilm and e-version bibliographic records contained metadata which had not been utilized by OCLC to improve its link resolution and discovery services for digitized versions of the microfilm resources. This metadata may be advantageous to OCLC and to others in their work to transition from MARC to linked data on the Semantic Web. With MARC record field indexing and linked data implementations, this collection and others could better support scholarly research.[i] A KBART file is a file compliant with the NISO recommended practice, Knowledge Bases and Related Tools (KBART). See KBART Phase II Working Group, Knowledge Bases and Related Tools (KBART): Recommended Practice: NISO RP-9-2014 (Baltimore, MD: National Information Standards Organization (NISO), 2014), accessed March 14, 2017, http://www.niso.org/publications/rp/rp-9-2014/.
Integrative taxonomy of the ornamental ‘peppermint’ shrimp public market and population genetics ofLysmata boggessi, the most heavily traded species worldwide
Authors: Baeza J. Antonio , Behringer Donald C.
Published: September 2017

The ornamental trade is a worldwide industry worth >15 billion USD with a problem of rampant product misidentification. Minimizing misidentification is critical in the face of overexploitation of species in the trade. We surveyed the peppermint shrimp ornamental marketplace in the southeastern USA, the most intense market for peppermint shrimps worldwide, to characterize the composition of species in the trade, reveal the extent of misidentification, and describe the population genetics of the true target species. Shrimps were bought from aquarium shops in FL, GA, SC, and NC. We demonstrated, contrary to popular belief (information from dealers), that the most heavily traded species in the market wasLysmata boggessi, an endemic species to the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and notLysmata wurdemanni. Importantly, only when color pattern or genetic markers in conjunction with morphological traits were employed, was it was possible to unequivocally identifyL. boggessias the only species in the trade. The intensity of the market for peppermint shrimps in the USA has led toL. boggessibeing the most traded species worldwide. Misidentification in the shrimp aquarium trade is accidental and involuntary, and is explained by remarkable similarity among congeneric species. Using sequences of the 16S-mt-DNA marker, we found no indication of population genetic structure in the endemicL. boggessiacross  550 km of linear coast. Therefore, this species can be considered genetically homogeneous and a single fished stock. Still, we argue in favor of additional studies using more powerful markers (e.g., SNPs) capable of revealing genetic structure at a finer spatial-scale. Our results will help advance management and conservation policies in this lucrative yet understudied fishery. Future studies of other ornamental fisheries will benefit from using an integrative taxonomic approach, as we demonstrate here.
Sylvatic host associations of Triatominae and implications for Chagas disease reservoirs: a review and new host records based on archival specimens
Authors: Georgieva Anna Y. , Gordon Eric R.L. , Weirauch Christiane
Published: September 2017

Background

The 152 extant species of kissing bug include important vectors of the debilitating, chronic, and often fatal Chagas disease, which affects several million people mainly in Central and South America. An understanding of the natural hosts of this speciose group of blood-feeding insects has and will continue to aid ongoing efforts to impede the spread of Chagas disease. However, information on kissing bug biology is piecemeal and scattered, developed using methods with varying levels of accuracy over more than 100 years. Existing host records are heavily biased towards well-studied primary vector species and are derived from primarily three different types of observations, associational, immunological or DNA-based, with varying reliability.

Methods

We gather a comprehensive and unparalleled number of sources reporting host associations via rigorous targeted searches of publication databases to review all known natural, or sylvatic, host records including information on how each record was collected. We integrate this information with novel host records obtained via attempted amplification and sequencing of a ∼160 base pair (bp) region of the vertebrate 12S mitochondrial gene from the gastrointestinal tract of 64 archival specimens of Triatominae representing 19 species collected primarily in sylvatic habitats throughout the southern United States and Central and South America during the past 10 years. We show the utility of this method for uncovering novel and under-studied groups of Triatominae hosts, as well as detecting the presence of the Chagas disease pathogen via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of a ∼400 bp sequence of the trypanosome 18S gene.

Results

New host associations for several groups of arboreal mammals were determined including sloths, New World monkeys, coatis, arboreal porcupines and, for the first time as a host of any Triatominae, tayras. A thorough review of previously documented sylvatic hosts, organized by triatomine species and the type of observation (associational, antibody-based, or DNA-based), is presented in a phylogenetic context and highlights large gaps in our knowledge of Triatominae biology.

Conclusion

The application of DNA-based methods of host identification towards additional species of Triatominae, including rarely collected species that may require use of archival specimens, is the most efficient and promising way to resolve recognized shortfalls.
Stress‐ and Structure‐Induced Anisotropy in Southern California From Two Decades of Shear Wave Splitting Measurements
Authors: Li Zefeng , Peng Zhigang
Published: September 2017

We measure shear wave splitting (SWS) parameters (i.e., fast direction and delay time) using 330,000 local earthquakes recorded by more than 400 stations of the Southern California Seismic Network (1995–2014). The resulting 232,000 SWS measurements (90,000 high‐quality ones) provide a uniform and comprehensive database of local SWS measurements in Southern California. The fast directions at many stations are consistent with regional maximum compressional stress σHmax. However, several regions show clear deviations from the σHmax directions. These include linear sections along the San Andreas Fault and the Santa Ynez Fault, geological blocks NW to the Los Angeles Basin, regions around the San Jacinto Fault, the Peninsular Ranges near San Diego, and the Coso volcanic field. These complex patterns show that regional stresses and active faults cannot adequately explain the upper crustal anisotropy in Southern California. Other types of local structures, such as local rock types or tectonic features, also play significant roles.
Pareto‐Optimal Estimates of California Precipitation Change
Authors: Langenbrunner Baird , Neelin J. David
Published: September 2017

In seeking constraints on global climate model projections under global warming, one commonly finds that different subsets of models perform well under different objective functions, and these trade‐offs are difficult to weigh. Here a multiobjective approach is applied to a large set of subensembles generated from the Climate Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 ensemble. We use observations and reanalyses to constrain tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures, upper level zonal winds in the midlatitude Pacific, and California precipitation. An evolutionary algorithm identifies the set of Pareto‐optimal subensembles across these three measures, and these subensembles are used to constrain end‐of‐century California wet season precipitation change. This methodology narrows the range of projections throughout California, increasing confidence in estimates of positive mean precipitation change. Finally, we show how this technique complements and generalizes emergent constraint approaches for restricting uncertainty in end‐of‐century projections within multimodel ensembles using multiple criteria for observational constraints.