bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOTIVATION OF PARTICIPANTS IN CROWDSOURCING PLATFORMS USING INTELLIGENT AGENTS
Authors: Anand Vijayalakshmi , Hota Chittaranjan
Published: February 2021

Crowdsourcing is a model where individuals or organizations receive services from a large group of Internet users including ideas, finances, completing a complex task, etc. Several crowdsourcing websites have failed due to lack of user participation; hence, the success of crowdsourcing platforms is manifested by the mass of user participation. However, an issue of motivating users to participate in crowdsourcing platform stays challenging. We have proposed a new approach, i.e., reinforcement learning-based gamification method to motivate users. Gamification has been a practical approach to engaging users in many fields, but still, it needs an improvement in the Crowdsourcing platform. In this paper, the gamification approach is strengthened by a reinforcement learning algorithm. We have created an intelligent agent using the Reinforcement learning algorithm (Q-learning). This agent suggests an optimal action plan that yields maximum reward points to the users for their active participation in the Crowdsourcing application. Also, its performance is compared with the SARSA algorithm (On- policy learning), which is another Reinforcement learning algorithm.
COMBINING AND FILTERING FUNCTIONS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF NONLINEAR-FEEDBACK SHIFT REGISTER
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexandr , Potii Oleksandr , Poluyanenko Nikolay , Smirnov Oleksii , Stelnyk Igor , Mialkovsky Danylo
Published: February 2021

Strong cryptography of stream ciphers is determined according to the ability of the generated pseudorandom sequence to resist analytical attacks. One of the main components of the pseudorandom stream cipher sequence generating algorithm is Boolean functions for combining and filtering. The paper considers the possibility of applying nonlinear-feedback shift registers that generate a maximum length sequence as a combining or filtering function. The main indicators of cryptographic strength of such functions as: balance, the prohibitions presence, correlation immunity and nonlinearity are examined in this work. The study analyzes and demonstrates correlation immunity and nonlinearity experimental values for all nonlinear feedback shift registers that generate a maximum length sequence, for register sizes up to 6 cells inclusively, and register sizes up to 9 cells inclusively with algebraic degree of the polynomial under 2. The possibility of optimizing the process of selecting Boolean functions according to the criteria of maximum correlation immunity and nonlinearity with various algebraic degrees and minimization of the number of monomials in the polynomial is studied.
STUDIES ON PRACTICAL CRYPTOGRAPHIC SECURITY ANALYSIS FOR BLOCK CIPHERS WITH RANDOM SUBSTITUTIONS
Authors: Akhmetov Berik , Gnatyuk Sergiy , Kinzeryavyy Vasyl , Yubuzova Khalicha
Published: February 2021

In up-to-date information and communication systems (ICS) cryptography is used for ensuring data confidentiality. The symmetric block ciphers (BC) are implemented in different ICS including critical applications. Today theory of analysis and security verification of BC with fixed substitution nodes against linear and differential cryptanalysis (LDC) is developed. There are also BC with substitution nodes defined by round keys. Random substitution nodes improve security of ciphers and complicate its cryptanalysis. But through it all, quantitative assessment is an actual and not simple task as well as the derivation of formulas for practical security verification for BC with random substitution nodes against LDC. In this paper analytical upper bounds of parameters characterized practical security of BC with random substitution nodes against LDC were given. These assessments generalize known analogs on BC with random substitution nodes and give a possibility to verify security improving against LDC. By using the example of BC Kalyna-128, it was shown that the use of random substitution nodes allows improving upper bounds of linear and differential parameters average probabilities in 246 and 290 times respectively. The study is novel as it is one of the few in the cryptology field to calculate analytical upper bounds of BC practical security against LDC methods as well as to show and prove that using random substitutions allows improving upper bounds of linear and differential parameters. The security analysis using quantitative parameters gives possibility to evaluate various BCs or other cryptographic algorithms and their ability to provide necessary and sufficient security level in ICS. A future research study can be directed on improving analytical upper bounds for analyzed LDC in context to practical security against LDC, as well as practical cryptographic security assessment for other BC with random substitutions against LDC and other cryptanalysis methods including quantum cryptanalysis (Shor, Grover, Deutsch-Jozsa algorithms).
SYNTHESIS OF ROBUST OPTIMAL CONTROL PROGRAM FOR AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR TURNING GUIDE VANES
Authors: Ugryumova Kateryna , Meniailov Ievhen , Trofymova Iryna , Ugryumov Mykhaylo , Myenyaylov Andriy
Published: February 2021

The method of solving the selecting turning guide vanes law of control problem for the multistage axial flow compressor is proposed in order to ensure maximum efficiency along the operating line while maintaining specified stability margins under the uncertainty of input data. The problem under consideration belongs to a class of multi-objective stochastic optimization problems with mixed conditions. Evolutionary computational method of solution synthesis of the problems belonging to this class is developed based on the genetic algorithm. The implementation example of proposed method for selecting law of control for turning inlet at first four stages guide vanes of multistage axial flow compressor (MSAFC) of modern helicopter jet engine is considered. The problem of technological tolerance selecting the stagger angles of compressor blade rows in order to provide the specified confidence intervals based on integral performance parameters is solved. The examples of solving the problem using determined and stochastic formulations are given.
TECHNIQUE OF THE TESTING OF PSEUDORANDOM SEQUENCES
Authors: Popereshnyak Svitlana
Published: February 2021

The article is dedicated to systematization of scientific positions about the static testing of sequences, widely used in cryptographic systems of information protection for the production of key and additional information (random numbers, vectors of initialization, etc.). Existing approaches to testing pseudorandom sequences, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. It is revealed that for sequences of length up to 100 bits there are not enough existing statistical packets. Perspective direction of research вЂ“ static testing of sequences using n- dimensional statistics is considered. The joint distributions of 2-chains and 3-chains of a fixed type of random (0, 1) -sequences allow for statistical analysis of local sections of this sequence. Examples, tables, diagrams that can be used to test for randomness of the location of zeros and ones in the bit section are 16 lengths. The paper proposes a methodology for testing pseudorandom sequences, an explicit form of the joint distribution of 2- and 3-chains numbers of various options of random bit sequence of a given small length is obtained. As a result of the implementation of this technique, an information system will be created that will allow analyzing the pseudorandom sequence of a small length and choosing a quality pseudorandom sequence for use in a particular subject area.
ADAPTIVE ENTROPY-BASED DETECTION AND MITIGATION OF DDOS ATTACKS IN SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKS
Authors: Dalou' Jawad , Al-Duwairi Basheer , Al-Jarrah Mohammad
Published: February 2021

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as a new networking paradigm that is based on the decoupling between data plane and control plane providing several benefits that include flexible, manageable, and centrally controlled networks. From a security point of view, SDNs suffer from several vulnerabilities that are associated with the nature of communication between control plane and data plane. In this context, software defined networks are vulnerable to distributed denial of service attacks. In particular, the centralization of the SDN controller makes it an attractive target for these attacks because overloading the controller with huge packet volume would result in bringing the whole network down or degrade its performance. Moreover, DDoS attacks may have the objective of flooding a network segment with huge traffic volume targeting single or multiple end systems. In this paper, we propose an entropy-based mechanism for Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack detection and mitigation in SDN networks. The proposed mechanism is based on the entropy values of source and destination IP addresses of flows observed by the SDN controller which are compared to a preset entropy threshold values that change in adaptive manner based on network dynamics. The proposed mechanism has been evaluated through extensive simulation experiments.
INTRUSION DETECTION IN COMPUTER NETWORKS USING LATENT SPACE REPRESENTATION AND MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Hamolia Vladyslav , Melnyk Viktor , Zhezhnych Pavlo , Shilinh Anna
Published: February 2021

Anomaly detection (AD) identifies samples that are not related to the overall distribution in the feature space. This problem has a long history of research through diverse methods, including statistical and modern Deep Neural Networks (DNN) methods. Non-trivial tasks such as covering ambiguous user actions and the complexity of standard algorithms challenged researchers. This article discusses the results of introducing an intrusion detection system using a machine learning (ML) approach. We compared these results with the characteristics of the most common existing rule-based Snort system. Signature Based Intrusion Detection System (SBIDS) has critical limitations well observed in a large number of previous studies. The crucial disadvantage is the limited variety of the same attack type due to the predetermination of all the rules. DNN solves this problem with long short-term memory (LSTM). However, requiring the amount of data and resources for training, this solution is not suitable for a real-world system. This necessitated a compromise solution based on DNN and latent space techniques.
AN EFFICIENT CONFUSION-DIFFUSION STRUCTURE FOR IMAGE ENCRYPTION USING PLAIN IMAGE RELATED HENON MAP
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Hussein , Shibeeb Ahmed Kareem , Abbood Fadhil Hanoon
Published: February 2021

Chaos-based image encryption has great significance as a branch of image security. So, a series of chaos-based cryptosystems protecting digital images are proposed in recent years. But, most of them have been broken as a result of poor encryption structure. This research paper suggests an effective image encryption structure to resist possible attacks. The proposed method employs plain image related Henon map (PIHM) for shuffling and diffusion processes in a connected way which is different from conventional chaotic based image encryption systems, since the initial conditions of diffusion process are established based on the initial conditions of shuffling process. The principle of confusion is achieved by shuffling the pixels over all the rows and columns. And the diffusion is ensured by using XOR operation of current shuffled pixel value with the previous value, and random pixel produced from PIHM map. The results of simulation and security analysis indicate that the proposed scheme has desirable encryption effects and is robust against different common attacks.
POLYNOMIAL-TIME PLAINTEXT-RECOVERY ATTACK ON THE MATRIX-BASED KNAPSACK CIPHER
Authors: Vambol Aleksei
Published: February 2021

The aim of the present paper is to propose a polynomial-time plaintext-recovery attack on the matrix-based knapsack cipher. The aforesaid algorithm uses only public information and has time complexity O(t1.34), where t is the decryption time of the attacked cryptosystem. The matrix-based knapsack cipher is a novel additively homomorphic asymmetric encryption scheme, which is a representative of group-based knapsack ciphers. This cryptosystem is based on the isomorphic transformation’s properties of the inner direct product of diagonal subgroups of a general linear group over a Galois field. Unlike the classical knapsack cryptoschemes, the cryptographic strength of the aforesaid cipher depends on the computational complexity of the multidimensional discrete logarithm problem. Due to the attack proposed in the given paper, the matrix-based knapsack cipher can be considered broken and should not be used as a privacy tool. However, this cryptosystem is still suitable for educational purposes as an example of the application of linear and abstract algebras in asymmetric cryptography.
PARTITIONING KNOWN ENVIRONMENTS FOR MULTI-ROBOT TASK ALLOCATION USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS
Authors: Mazumder Md Maksudur R. , Phillips Chris
Published: February 2021

A common challenge facing emergency services, particularly in response to fires and/or earthquakes, is the location and subsequent extraction of people from hazardous buildings in a timely manner. This usually requires emergency service workers to enter the building and put their own lives at risk, even when there may be no people to extract. However, given recent advances in autonomous robotics, drones are expected to help humans in tasks such as search and rescue, and similar tasks, where coverage and time are key parameters. The aim is to complete a comprehensive search of the environment as quickly as feasible. Using multiple drones rather than a single drone can reduce search time, although performance can be poor if the searching is non-coordinated. Therefore, partitioning a terrain is important in order to effectively distribute the drone search work so that good coverage can be achieved in a reasonable amount of time and redundant searching is eliminated. In this paper a novel Square Based Terrain Partitioning (SBTP) algorithm is presented using a genetic algorithm to partition a known environment into multiple domains in a multi-robot exploration system. In addition, a second genetic algorithm is presented to allocate the domain search workload such that, given a certain number of drones, the overall search time is minimized.
AUTHENTICATION OF PERSONAL COMPUTERS WITH UNSTABLE INTERNAL NOISE
Authors: Nyemkova Elena
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the stability authentication signs of personal computers; possibility of authentication follows from their physical differences as complex electronic devices. This approach provides the ability to remotely automatic authentication in real time. The authentication template was calculated from the sequence of values of the auto-correlation function of the internal electrical noise. It was demonstrated that the noise instability of noise leads to the error in the computer authentication. In order to reduce the error's probability, it was proposed to use the form-factor of autocorrelation function histogram for automatic sorting of noise files. The character of the noise instability had allowed the use of several authentication templates for one computer with instable noise. Each template was designed for the separate stability area. The probability of false authentication was reduced by using two authentication templates for one computer with instable noise, it was 30%. The recommendations were made about determining the priority of access to confidential information for computer with instable noise.
DEVELOPING THE ADAPTIVE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN CONTEXT OF ENGINEERING COMPANY PROJECT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Sherstiuk Olha , Kolesnikov Oleksii , Gogunskii Viktor , Kolesnikova Kateryna
Published: February 2021

The concept of Adaptive Knowledge Management is an approach essentially increasing the effectiveness of project participants in their processes that are unpredictable or initialized in advance by unknown events. The research deals with developing the strategy of proactive formation of project team competencies within an industrial enterprise.  The most important component of this strategy is the formation of “knowledge coordinators” who are responsible for knowledge management and the creation of training and knowledge sharing regulations. On the basis of this strategy the method of determining the adaptation potential of team members is developed, which is based on the assessment of project task implementation of different complexity, taking into account the identifiers of continuous knowledge growth, which allows predicting the possibilities of increasing the competence level and determining the sustainability of project team members’ knowledge. This method can be used to form a project team considering the accumulated experience and knowledge of its participants.
CASOS DE HANSENÍASE COM RESULTADOS DE BACILOSCOPIA, PERÍODO 2013 A 2018 - MINAS GERAIS
Authors: MIRANDA Maria do Carmo Rodrigues de , LEITE Maria de Lourdes Carvalho , PUGEDO Adauto César Pugedo
Published: February 2021

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SITUAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA HANSENÍASE MINAS GERAIS - MUNICÍPIOS SILENCIOSOS - 2009 A 2018
Authors: LEITE Maria de Lourdes Carvalho , MIRANDA Maria do Carmo Rodrigues de , PUGEDO Adauto César , GROSSI Maria Aparecida de Faria , RAMALHO Katiúscia Cardoso , COSTA Juliana Veiga
Published: February 2021

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ANÁLISE ESPACIAL COMO FERRAMENTA DE MONITORAMENTO DA HANSENÍASE EM MUNICÍPIO HIPERENDÊMICO DO MARANHÃO.
Authors: GORDON Ariadne Siqueira de Araújo , BARRETO Josafá Gonçalves
Published: February 2021

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ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE UMA CIDADE HIPERENDÊMICA EM HANSENÍASE NO INTERIOR DA BAHIA.
Authors: FERNANDES Tânia Rita Moreno de Oliveira , REZENDE JÚNIOR Luiz Sérgio Nunes de , SANTOS Itamar , CARDOSO Lara Sodré , ALVES FILHO Valdir Pereira
Published: February 2021

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Lactancia materna, alimentación artificial y el primer contacto con azúcar
Authors: Fraiz Fabian Calixto , Meira Assunção Cristiane , Da Silva Assunção Luciana Reichert , Nogara Borges de Menezes José Vitor , Morais Ferreira Fernanda
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Este estudio evaluó los cambios en el patrón de lactancia materna, alimentación artificial y en la introducción de azúcar en la dieta de niños de 0 a 36 meses, a través de dos estudios, con un intervalo de 13 años en la ciudad de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Material y métodos: Poblaciones semejantes de una misma región geográfica fueron evaluadas a través de un cuestionario, en los años de 1993 y 2006, envolviendo, respectivamente, las madres de 180 y 94 niños. Introducción de azúcar en la dieta fue considerada precoz cuando ocurrió antes del 6º mes completo de vida. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente a través del test de qui-cuadrado y test exacto de Fisher (?= 0,05). Resultados: Hubo diferencias en la frecuencia del primer contacto con azúcar (p <0,001), que ocurrió en el primer mes de vida en 61,7% de los niños del primer estudio y en sólo 3,2% de los niños del segundo estudio. Hubo diferencias en el patrón de lactancia materna (p = 0,02), siendo la prevalencia de niños amamantados mayor en el segundo estudio. No fueron encontradas diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la prevalencia de uso de biberón, uso de biberón durante la noche y lactancia materna durante la noche, así como en el uso de biberón conteniendo azúcar. Conclusiones: Estos resultados indican que la lactancia materna puede, además de sus varias ventajas, también promover el aplazamiento de la introducción de azúcar en la dieta infantil. Nuevas investigaciones son necesarias para confirmar esta hipótesis.
Estimación de la edad dental en un grupo de niños venezolanos utilizando el método de Nolla
Authors: Medina A Carolina , Blanco L
Published: February 2021

La edad dental es un indicador de maduración corporal de importancia clínica en Odontología para la planificación del tratamiento de pacientes en crecimiento. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la precisión de la determinación de la edad dental calculada con el método Nolla, en un grupo de niños y niñas del Área Metropolitana de Caracas. Materiales y Métodos: Se seleccionó una muestra estratificada por edad y género incluyendo 238 radiografías panorámicas de elevada calidad de personas sanas con edades entre 5 y 13 años. Se calculó la diferencia entre la edad cronológica y dental distribuyéndola entre géneros y grupos de edad. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando pruebas de correlación (Pearson), y diferencias entre medias t -Student, ANOVA, fijando p<0,05. El coeficiente k intraobservador fue de 0,68. Resultados: La correlación entre la edad dental cronológica y la edad dental fue de 0,92 años (p=0,01). La formación dental se presentó retrasada en varones al compararla con la de las hembras, alcanzando significación estadística sólo para los caninos y primer premolar superior. Para el total, la diferencia entre la edad dental y cronológica fue estadísticamente significativa, registrándose una subestimación de la edad en -0,88 ± 0,94 años (p=0,01). La subestimación fue mayor para las hembras (-1,04±0,93 años) que para los varones (-0,72±0,94 años). Conclusión: Se concluye que el Método de Nolla puede ser utilizado para la identificación de etapas de formación dental en la población de niños y niñas venezolanos, aunque carece de precisión para el cálculo de su edad dental.
Pérdida prematura de dientes temporarios en niños que acudieron a un hospital público de la Ciudad de Luque-Paraguay
Authors: Villaba Faerrari Noelia , Toledo Ninfa Jacquett , Cabañas Godoy Angélica , Chirife María Teresa
Published: February 2021

El presente estudio fue del tipo descriptivo retrospectivo, teniendo como objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de Pérdida Prematura de Dientes Temporarios en niños de 0 a 7 años que acudieron al Hospital Regional de Luque durante los años 2009-2010. Material y Método: se tomo como población todas las hojas de registro diario de los odontólogos del hospital Regional de Luque correspondiente a los años 2009-2010. Se incluyeron dentro del estudio a los niños de 0 a 7 años con pérdida prematura, caries y obturaciones de dientes temporarios registrados dentro de dicha planilla que estuvo compuesta por 1161 niños en el año 2009 y 1836 niños en el año 2010.
Los resultados dentro de este estudio muestran que la Prevalencía de Perdida Prematura de Dientes Temporarios en niños de 0 a 7 años de edad corresponde al 14% en el año 2009 y al 12,6% en el año 2010. En los niños de 4 a 7 años de edad las piezas dentarias que presentaron mayor frecuencia de pérdida en ambos años fueron los dientes 75/85 con un 29,8% en el año 2009 y un 33,8% en el año 2010. En el año 2009 se encontró una frecuencia de caries en un 57,6% y en el año 2010 en un 57,3% de los niños atendidos.
Teniendo en cuenta los resultados de este estudio se torna necesario implementar charlas educativas dirigidas a los padres o encargados sobre prevención y atención temprana de los niños, ya que se Concluye que a edades tempranas de 0 a 3 años, solo se presenta un 2 % de pérdida prematura, encontrándose la mayor frecuencia de perdida prematura en los niños de 4 a 7 años de edad en un 98%, si se consigue que los niños asistan a la consulta odontológica a edades tempranas, se podría contribuir a la disminución del alto índice de perdidas prematuras en niños con edades más avanzadas.
Tratamiento Endodóntico no Instrumentado en dientes deciduos
Authors: Perona G , Mungi Sabina
Published: February 2021

Teniendo en cuenta la complejidad del tratamiento pulpar en una pieza decidua y diversos factores que determinan el éxito clínico como son la anatomía de una pieza decidua, el proceso de reabsorción ya sea de origen fisiológico o por una infección odontogénica, la conducta del paciente, la técnica empleada y la pericia del operador; es de suma importancia que en la práctica odontopediátrica se tenga en cuenta ciertos procedimientos que aseguren la presencia del diente en boca hasta su exfoliación fisiológica, es de esta manera que la Técnica de Endodoncia no Instrumentadas en dientes deciduos es un tema muy importante a tener presente en cuanto a terapia pulpar se refiere. Las pulpectomías no instrumentadas (NIET); termino mal empleado para este procedimiento, ya que la técnica no consiste en realizar una pulpectomía propiamente dicha; en su lugar emplean diversas pastas que tienen por objetivo la desinfección de los conductos radiculares mediante el empleo de sustancias bacteriostáticas y bactericidas y de esta manera permitirán la reparación del los tejidos dañados. El propósito de este artículo fue hacer una revisión de la literatura de todo lo concerniente a Terapia Endodóntica no Instrumentada en dentición decidua. En conclusión se puede decir que dadas las características de la dentición temporal, la cual impide una completa manipulación de los conductos radiculares, el éxito de la pulpectomía depende de la reducción o eliminación de las bacterias no solo dentro del conducto sino también en lugares donde la preparación química y mecánica sea difícil de acceder, en la técnica NIET se utiliza una mezcla de antibióticos para esterilizar el conducto radicular en vez de usar la técnica de instrumentación, las pastas obturadoras asumen un papel fundamental para que la reparación de los elementos dentarios se desenvuelva de acuerdo a los patrones biológicos normales.
Materiales de obturación radicular utilizados en dientes deciduos
Authors: Trejo A , Cuevas Carlos Enrique
Published: February 2021

La caries y traumatismos son las principales causas de urgencias en odontología pediátrica. Estas afecciones pueden llegar a ejercer un daño irreversible en el tejido pulpar comprometiendo la permanencia de los órganos dentarios afectados. Para limitar el daño pulpar y evitar la extracción de piezas temporales se han diseñado distintas técnicas que van desde recubrimientos pulpares hasta un tratamiento más radical como la pulpectomía. Ésta última consiste en la extirpación del tejido pulpar, la limpieza y desinfección del sistema de conductos y la obturación de los mismos. Diversos autores han descrito las características ideales que debe presentar un material obturador de conductos de la dentición temporal, en los que se incluyen actividad bactericida y bacteriostática, adecuado sellado tridimensional, biocompatibilidad y reabsorción del material a una velocidad similar que las raíces. Desde hace largo tiempo se han desarrollado diversos materiales para cumplir con las exigencias que demanda la técnica. Dentro de los primeros materiales surgidos con éste propósito se encuentran el Óxido de Zinc con Eugenol, Hidróxido de Calcio y materiales a base de yodoformo, con el tiempo surgieron combinaciones de estos materiales para aumentar las ventajas y disminuir las desventajas. De éstos, las pastas yodoformadas con Hidróxido de Calcio son los que han tenido mayor aceptación.
Rol de la Ortodoncia y la Ortopedia en el tratamiento de pacientes con traumatismos a nivel dentoalveolar. Reporte de casos
Authors: Grassi Vasallo Annabel S
Published: February 2021

Se presentan 2 casos clínicos de pacientes con traumatismos dentarios que avalan la importancia de un abordaje multidisciplinario a fin de optimizar su resolución.
Se resalta el rol del ortodoncista y el ortopedista dento-máxilo-facial en la prevención, atención adecuada de las diferentes situaciones que pueden presentarse en el transcurso de un traumatismo, y rehabilitación en las diferentes etapas de la dentición, optimizando resultados mediante una fluida interrelación con otros profesionales.
Se enfatiza la importancia de que, en la etapa diagnóstica y de planificación de los tratamientos, el profesional sea capaz de detectar secuelas de posibles traumatismos, que de pasar inadvertidos pueden complicar la resolución del caso.
Evaluation of the results of arthroscopy for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Vũ Trường Thịnh , Nguyễn Xuân Thùy
Published: February 2021

Tóm tắt
Đặt vấn đề: Thoái hóa khớp gối là bệnh lý ngày càng phổ biến ở Việt Nam do sự già hóa dân số và đời sống xã hội ngày càng phát triển. Có nhiều phương pháp điều trị thoái hóa khớp gối tùy thuộc vào tuổi, mức độ vận động, giai đoạn bệnh. Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả của phẫu thuật nội soi điều trị thoái hóa khớp gối tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức.
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: 60 người bệnh (NB) thoái hóa khớp gối được nội soi làm sạch khớp tại Khoa Phẫu thuật chi dưới từ tháng 02/2017 – 02/2018. Có 55 người bệnh được theo dõi với thời gian ngắn nhất 6 tháng, lâu nhất 18 tháng. Người bệnh được đánh giá mức độ đau theo thang điểm Lequesne, mức độ vận động theo chỉ số Lysholm J tại các thời điểm khám lại.
Kết quả: Người bệnh chủ yếu là nữ, bị tổn thương 1 khoang khớp gối, chủ yếu là khoang trong. Sau mổ 6 tháng, người bệnh đỡ đau và khả năng vận động cải thiện rõ rệt.
Kết luận: Thoái hóa khớp gối là bệnh lý mãn tính ngày càng tiến triển khi tuổi cao, nội soi làm sạch giúp kéo dài thời gian người bệnh phải thay khớp nhân tạo.

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis became quite common in Vietnam due to aging the population and improving the life. There are many modalities of treatments for knee osteoarthritis, depending on age, level of activity, and stage of osteoarthritis. The aim of study is to evaluate the effectiveness of arthroscopic surgery for knee osteoarthritis at Viet Duc University Hospital.
Method: 60 patients with knee osteoarthritis have been treated by arthroscopy in the Department of Lower Extremities Surgery from 02/2017 - 02/2018 enrolled. 55 Patients were followed up from 6 months to 18 months after surgery. Pain was measured with Lequesne’s scale and with ROM Lysholm J at the re-examination.
Result: The majority of the patients were female with osteoarthritis in 1 compartment of the knee joint, mostly in the interior compartment. At 6-month follow up, pain was reduced and knee ROM was significantly improved.. Conclusion: Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic condition that gets worse with ages, knee arthroscopy helps to delay the arthroplasty.

Key word: Knee osteoarthritis, Knee arthroscopy.
Emission of Trace Gases from Paddy Blazing in North- Western States of India: A Review
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal  India., Singh Samanvya , Shetty Nausha ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal  India.
Published: February 2021

India being an Agricultural State with diverse crop culture. Various crops are scattered and harvested in every Rabi and Kharif season and farmers are very much dependent on these seasons as these seasons decide the quality of the crop. The modern equipment which a farmer uses is a Combined Harvesting Machine. Now the problem with this machine is that it cultivates the crop from a height of 1 meter from the ground which generates the leftover residual of rice on the ground. Due to the composition of farm leftover, its blazing is a little different in comparison to that of Grassland and forest fire. Farm residue burning emits a huge amount of harmful pollutants, such as N2O, CO2, CH4, CO, NH3, SO2, NOx, HC’s, VOC’s, and SPM. These emitting pollutants cause harmful impacts to Humans, Plants, and Animals. Focusing on the influence on humans these pollutants can cause pneumoconiosis, acute bronchitis, skin allergies, irritation to the eyes, blindness, scarred cornea, and formation of cataracts.
The Power of Human Rights Frames in Urban Security: Lessons from Bogotá
Authors: Mayka Lindsay
Published: February 2021

Governments throughout the world invoke human rights ideas to motivate policy reforms. What impact do rights-based frames have on the policy process? I argue that rights-based frames can generate new resources and institutional opportunities that restructure battles over public policy.
These resources and opportunities can both initially legitimate state interventions that violate rights, while also creating openings to hold governments accountable for abuses committed by the state in the name of human rights. I develop this argument by analyzing a militarized security intervention
in Bogotá, Colombia, which the local government framed as necessary to stop the commercial sexual exploitation of children-yet yielded new rights violations. This article reveals the material consequences of human rights discourses in battles over policing and urban planning.
Green Accounting: A Primer
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N. O. , Ashaolu Tolulope J. , Adekunte Sunday S. , Musa Sarhan M.
Published: February 2021

Green or environmental accounting is a new branch of accounting that provides for accounting the environmental impact. Unlike conventional accounting, green accounting accounts for the environment and its well-being. It factors environmental costs into the financial results of operations. It accounts for long-run effects of economic activity on the environment. This primer provides a brief introduction to green accounting.
Big Data in Manufacturing
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N. O. , Ashaolu Tolulope J. , Ajayi-Majebi Abayomi , Musa Sarhan M.
Published: February 2021

In the data-driven economy, turning data into actionable analytics is the best way to boost efficiency, quality, and productivity. The manufacturing processes are getting more and more complex due to increasing demands. Manufacturers of all types of products are finding significant value in big data. The application of big data technologies in manufacturing sector is a relatively new interdisciplinary research area which incorporates automation, engineering, and data analytics. This paper provides an introduction on the use of big data in manufacturing.
Proposed Model for Optimal Inventory Policy
Authors: Khalil Mohamed , Ellaimony El-Sayed , Taha Ahmed , Osman Mohamed
Published: February 2021

The topic of management of stock is an energetic importance to the success of any organization and is one of the serious determinants of the continuity and efficient productivity of any organization. The study considers significant because it is hoped that on the completion, the study will provide further insights into the understanding of stock control measures. Through using vehicle service center as a reference point, the study will make an interesting contribution to the understanding of the general and specific effects of stores control in other private and public utilities. In addition, the study will further justify the need to strengthen management and control of stock with anticipated benefit in view. This paper will be proposed a mathematical model for optimal inventory policy to minimize the total inventory cost by using the assignment technique and will be applied it on a case study.
Agronomic Attributes of Five Okra Landraces Selected for Okra Production in Oyi Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Okoli E.E.
Published: February 2021

A research study on the agronomic attributes of five okra genotypes for Okra production were evaluated for growth and yield at the teaching and research farm of the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University (COOU) Igbariam Anambra state. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications using 3m row plots. The total field size was 187 m2 (0.00187 ha) and a plant spacing of 0.60m × 0.30m was used. There was no significant difference in the treatment means for all the parameter studied, however, result from the seedling characteristics revealed that Nkwelle Okra was the earliest to emerge (4.25 days) while Awkuzu okra was the last to emerge (6.00 days). The experiment showed that Awkuzu okra was earliest to flower at 60.30 days after planting while Nteje Okra was the last to reach 50% flowering at 70.10 days after planting. Awkuzu Okra had the highest number of pods per plant (11.80), pod weight (50.90g) and yield t/ha (0.00005t/ha) while the least was Nteje Okra for number of pods per plants (6.50), pod weight (29.60g) and yield t/ha (0.000029 t/ha). Therefore, a further genetic study was recommended for the studied genotypes to produce hybrid and synthetic cultivar for the production of okra in the study area.
EFFECT OF LEARNING METHODS ASSISTED BY SAS (SYNTHETIC ANALYTICAL STRUCTURES) WITH LETTER CARD MEDIA ON PARTICIPANTS' BEGINNING READING ABILITY STUDENTS AT PRIMARY SCHOOL 49 BANDA ACEH
Authors: Helminsyah Helminsyah , Mardhatillah Mardhatillah , Oyani Dafita
Published: February 2021

The research objective was to determine the effect of the SAS (Synthetic Analytical Structure) learning method assisted by letter card media on students' initial reading skills at Primary School 49 Banda Aceh on the theme of clean and healthy life in school. This research was conducted by pre-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design which was held at Primary School 49 Banda Aceh, in the odd semester of the 2018/2019 academic year. The sample in this study were students of grade II Primary School 49 Banda Aceh with a total of 28 students. Data collection was carried out by giving students pre-test reading questions in the form of command questions as many as 10 pre-test questions and 10 post-test questions. A normality test is done to see the normality of the data and showed that the data were normally distributed with an average value calculated < table (3.8597 <11.07). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an effect of the use of the SAS learning method assisted by card media on the improvement of students' initial reading skills at Primary School 49 Banda Aceh with a value of tcount > ttable (10.147> 1.703), while in the test the increase in N-Gain is a high category. Percentage 57.14%, and 42.86% medium category. The conclusion is that there is an increase in the beginning reading ability of students who are taught using the SAS method aided by letter card media.
OBSERVATION ON CONGENITAL LOCO, A HEREDITARY DEFECT IN THREE FLOCKS OF CHICKEN AT IBADAN
Authors: ADEBAMBO O. A.
Published: February 2021

Congenital loco, a monogenic, sex-linked hereditary defect was observed in three flocks of chicken at Ibadan. Mortality at the end of the first 4 days of life was unexplainably bigh. Noticeable signs were birds thrown off balance with necks thrown backward s, chicks unable to feed nor drink. Subsequently, they got weak, slumped and died.
MAIZE /SORGHUM - BASED DRIED BREWERS' GRAINS IN BROILER FINISHER DIETS
Authors: UCHEGBU M. C. , UDEDIBIE A. B. I.
Published: February 2021

A 4- - day feeding trial was conducted to dermine the optianal substitution level of maize/sorghum - hased dried brewers' grains (MSDBG) for maize in broiler finisher diets. Six experimental broiler finisher diets were formulated such that 25%, 50% and 75% of the maize in diet 1 (the control) were replaced with MSDBG in diets 2, 3, and 4, respectively while diets 5 and 6 were like 3 and 4, respectievly but fortified with 4% palm oil,. Each diet was fed to a group of 48 broiler chicks for 40 days (week 4 to week 10 of age). There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences among the groups in growth rate (43,95, 45,52, 45,11, 43,01, 45,80 and 43,92g/day, respectively). At replacement levels of 50% and 75% with or without palm oil, the birds consumed significantly (P < 0.05) more feed than the group on the control diet (140.0, 151.4, 177.3, 174. 6, 174.2, 167.1 g/day, respectively). feed conversion ratio of the MSDRG groups was consequently sigificantly (P < 0.05) inferior to the control. Addition of palm oil did not produce any notiocable effect on te performance of the birds. Feed cost for production of a kilogram of brioler was markedly reduced at the 75% replacement level.
PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS EVALUATION OF BROILER CHICKS FED SHRIMP WASTE MEAL SUPPLEMENTED WITH SYNTHETIC AMINO ACIDS
Authors: FANIMO A. O. , ODUGUWA O. O. , JIMOH Y. O. , FARONBI A. O.
Published: February 2021

A feeding trial was conducted using 104 one week-old anak broilier chicks to evaluate the replacement value of shrimp waste meal (SWM) for fish meal (FM) in broiler diets. Fish meal contribution to the dietary crude protein of the brioiler dietsat was replaced with SWM 0, 33, 66 and 100% of graded levels. Weight gain and feedconverstion ratio were significantly (P > 0.05) reduced with SWM replacing FM at 100% at both the starter and finisher phases. No significant differences (P >0.05) were observed for feed consumption. mortality increased with an increased levle of SWM in the diet at the starter phase. Liver weight increased (P <0.05) with increased level of SWM significantly (P <0.05) increased the abdominal fat. Result of this present study show that the SWM could partially replace 66% of the crude protein of FM in broiler diets without negatively affecting performance or carcass quality
BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF SEED OF AN UNDER UTILIZED LEGUME (Mucuna utili)
Authors: IYAYI E. A. , EGHAREVBA J. I.
Published: February 2021

The effect of heat treatment and germination on the proximate and mineral composition, HCH, tannins, phytic acid and the in vitro protein digestibility of Mucuna utilis seeds were studied. The raw seeds had a protein content of 35.4%, 7.7% crude fibre, 3.2% ether extract, 5.8% ash and 47.9% carbohydrates on a dry matter basis. The germinated and dehulled seeds had 40.5% crude protein 2.2% crude fibre, 3.4% ether extract, 7.0% ash 47.0% carbohydrates, while the heat -treated seeds had 34.4% crude protein, 11.9% crude fibre, 3.3% ether extract, 9.4% ash and 41.1% carbohydrates. Potassium and iron were the most abundant minerals while the least were sodium and copper. Germination caused a reduction in the levels of all minerals while heat treatment also caused a reduction in the levels of the minerals but with exception of Ca, Mg and Zn. Processing caused a reduction in all the levels of anti-nutritional factors assayed. The in-vitro protein digestibility of the raw seeds was 89.4%; 91.7% for the heat-treated seeds and 76.0% for the germinated seeds.
THE EFFECT OF AGE OF BIRD ON SHELL QUALITY AND COMPONENT YIELD OF EGGS
Authors: AWOSANYA B. , JOSEPH J. K. , OLAOSEBIKAN O. D.
Published: February 2021

The effect of age of birds on shell quality and yield components of egg was studies. The birds’ egg were 25, 30, 58 or 78 weeks. The egg’ weight increased by 9.92%, 26.43% and 31.46% for birds at 30, 58 and 78 weeks, respectively. While the shell weight was found to increase by 15.10%, 34.55 and 30.44% for birds at 30.58 and 78weeks, respectively. The yolk and albumen weights were found to increase by 4.05%, 11.39%, 44.72%, 18.06% and 44.72%, 24.41% for hens at 30, 58 and 78 weeks old respectively. The yolk albumen ratio was highest (0.478± 0.12) with egg laid by 58 increase in the age of birds
ECONOMICS OF RABBIT PRODUCTION IN ABEOKUTA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE NIGERIA
Authors: AYINDE I. A. , AROMOLARAN A. B.
Published: February 2021

This study was aimed at examining the economic profitability of rabbit production based on the hypothesis that the low level of production may likely be a consequence of low profitability of the enterprise. Abeokuta South Local Government area was used as a case study. It involved the collection of primary data from a sample of 50 rabbit farmers spread over 10 communities in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State. The analysis of survey data was done through a combination of descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that most rabbit farmers in Abeokuta were no-professional farmers, who engaged in rabbit production on a part-time basis to supplement their income from other sources such as civil services, trading and craftsmanship. Cost analysis showed that feed cost accounted for as much as 65.7% of total cost (excluding imputed cost of family labour), while fixed inputs amounted to 28% of the cost of production. Other variable inputs accounted for only 4.35% of total cost. The profitability analysis showed that rabbit production in the area could generate a rate of return to capital and family of 56% a rate of return on fixed cost of 300% and a rate of returns on variable cost of 178%. The study concluded that; Even though rabbit production is economically viable in Abeokuta in particular and Ogun State in general, the following problems have imposed a severe limitations on the expansion of the enterprise. These are: the paucity of investment capital among the current investors in rabbit production enterprise, inadequate access to good breeding stock, and the non-professional, part-time and supplementary nature of rabbit production in the area. It is therefore recommended that efforts should be directed towards providing credit to current and potential rabbit farmers so as to boost production. Moreover the government should embark on the supply of parent stock of proven reproductive performance to farmers at effordable prices. The establishment of Rabbit Breeding Units in tertiary institution for the multiplication and distribution of rabbits for breeding purpose can enhance this. In addition, government can initiate propularization of rabbit production in the state
Effect of dietary raw, cooked and toasted mucuna pruriens seeds (velvet bean) on the performance of Finisher broilers
Authors: Emenalom O. O. , Udedibe A. B. I.
Published: February 2021

A 5-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of dietary raw, cooked and toasted Mucuna puriens seeds contained 30.3% crude protein. At 10% dietary level, raw and toasted Mucuna puriens seed meals significantly (P<0.05) depressed growth rate of broilers. At 20% dietary level, cooked Mucuna puriensseedmeal also significantly (P<0.05) depressed growth rate of the birds. Feed intake was also significantly (P<0.05) reduced at 20% and 10% dietary levels of cooked and toasted meals, respectively. The feed intake of the group on 10% raw Mucuna diet remained unexpectedly high
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF SHRIMP WASTE MEAL
Authors: ODUGUWA O. O. , FANIMO A. O. , IYAYI E. A. , KALEJAIYE O. O. , OYEKOLA O. A.
Published: February 2021

The effects of processing methods viz oven-drying, acid-treatment and sun-drying on the nutritive value of shrimp waste meal (SWM) was examined. Five purified diets were formulated. A basal diet (Nitrogen-free), a reference diet that contained whole hen’s egg and three test diets that contained oven-dried, acid-treated and sun-dried SWM as their protein sources respectively. The reference and test protein were added to supply 100/kg crude protein in the different diets at the expense of corn starch in the basal diet. Feed and water were given adlibitum throughout the period of experiment that lasted 14days. Oven-dried SWM had the highest crude protein and nitrogen-free extracts (NFE) contents (366.0;    85.4g/kg) compared to the acid-treated (344,2; 59.6g/kg). and sun-dried SWM (328.0;    42.6g/kg). The ether extract of the SWM samples were generally low, no traces of fat could be found in the oven-dried shrimp waste (SW). The sun-dried SW sample had the highest ash contents while the acid-treated SW had the lowest. The oven-dried and sun dried samples consistently contained higher amounts of Ca, P, Mg, K, Mn and Na more than the acid treated SW. The latter however contained appreciable quantities of Fe, Cu and Zn in comparison with SW processed by the other two methods. Rats fed the oven-dried SW had the best performance (P <0.05) in terms of body weight. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) and Net protein retention (NPR) showed the same trend as the weight changes. The relative weights of the lungs, kidney, heart, liver and spleen of the experimental animals did not vary significantly (P <0.05) with the dietary treatment. It is concluded that oven-drying seemed to be the best out of the processing methods employed for shrimp waste in this study but the results are poorer (P <0.05) than those obtained for the reference protein.