bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Interrogation into the Effects of International Parenting on the Social and Emotional Health of Adolescents in Three Rural Districts of Zimbabwe
Authors: Ndlovu Joram , Nyathi Douglas , Mlambo Victor H.
Published: August 2024

The changing geopolitical environment, economic transformations and technological advancements have prompted the intensified movement of people in a great diversity of forms. Transnational parenting has emerged as a significant and intricate global occurrence within today’s migration patterns. While scholarly and policy discussions on international parenting are increasing, there is a lack of firsthand narratives specifically addressing the situation in Zimbabwe. The purpose of the study was to interrogate the effects of international parenting on the social and emotional health of adolescents in three rural districts of Zimbabwe. The study used a qualitative methodology to record detailed field notes, interviews, and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was used for analyzing qualitative data. The findings reveal that transnational parents use relatives, media technology, caregivers and remittances as a way of parenting away from home. These parents put an effort into maintaining family cohesion through frequent communication using technology and sporadic reunions. The evidence indicates that children experience both physical and emotional impacts due to the absence of parents. Their search reveals that some caregivers abuse children emotionally, physically and sexually. The study recommends the need for scholarly engagement on the subject to broaden the understanding of how transnational parenting impacts children’s development. The research adds to academic knowledge by illustrating a comprehensive grasp of how transnational communication operates, highlighting the significance of balancing social agency and structural limitations. This is evident not just within the realm of the left-behind child but also in the challenges faced by migrant parents.

Keywords: Transnational parenting, Adolescent, Emotional and Social well-being
Dictionary of basic indexing terminology: Japanese
Authors: Fassbender Jochen
Published: August 2024

Japanese is the first additional language to be added to the dictionary of basic indexing terminology. After a general introduction to Japanese and its idiosyncrasies, 37 indexing concepts are introduced, some of which are discussed. Japanese resources used to collect the terms, as well as other potential resources, are mentioned. The table of technical terms consists of the transliteration,
kanji
characters and
kana
syllables.
Raising the profile of indexing: National Indexing Day 2024
Authors: Izzard Tanya
Published: August 2024

National Indexing Day (#IndexDay) has been running every year in the UK since it was established by Paula Clarke Bain and Ruth Ellis in 2017, to celebrate and promote the profession of indexing. In 2024, #IndexDay was marked with in-person publisher workshops and on social media. This article describes this year’s activities and considers their impact on the profile of indexers and indexing.
Magnetically Driven Turbulence in the Inner Regions of Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Rea David G. , Simon Jacob B. , Carrera Daniel , Lesur Geoffroy , Lyra Wladimir , Sengupta Debanjan , Yang 楊 Chao-Chin 朝欽 , Youdin Andrew N.
Published: August 2024

Given the important role turbulence plays in the settling and growth of dust grains in protoplanetary disks, it is crucial that we determine whether these disks are turbulent and to what extent. Protoplanetary disks are weakly ionized near the midplane, which has led to a paradigm in which largely laminar magnetic field structures prevail deeper in the disk, with angular momentum being transported via magnetically launched winds. Yet, there has been little exploration of the precise behavior of the gas within the bulk of the disk. We carry out 3D, local shearing box simulations that include all three low-ionization effects (ohmic diffusion, ambipolar diffusion, and the Hall effect) to probe the nature of magnetically driven gas dynamics 1–30 au from the central star. We find that gas turbulence can persist with a generous yet physically motivated ionization prescription (order unity Elsässer numbers). The gas velocity fluctuations range from 0.03 to 0.09 of the sound speed c

s
at the disk midplane to ∼c

s
near the disk surface, and are dependent on the initial magnetic field strength. However, the turbulent velocities do not appear to be strongly dependent on the field polarity, and thus appear to be insensitive to the Hall effect. The midplane turbulence has the potential to drive dust grains to collision velocities exceeding their fragmentation limit, and likely reduces the efficacy of particle clumping in the midplane, though it remains to be seen if this level of turbulence persists in disks with lower ionization levels.
Merging Gas-rich Galaxies That Harbor Low-luminosity Twin Quasars at z = 6.05: A Promising Progenitor of the Most Luminous Quasars
Authors: Izumi Takuma , Matsuoka Yoshiki , Onoue Masafusa , Strauss Michael A. , Umehata Hideki , Silverman John D. , Nagao Tohru , Imanishi Masatoshi , Kohno Kotaro , Toba Yoshiki , Iwasawa Kazushi , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Sawamura Mahoshi , Fujimoto Seiji , Kikuta Satoshi , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Aoki Kentaro , Goto Tomotsugu
Published: August 2024

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array [C ii] 158 μm line and underlying far-IR continuum emission observations (0.″57 × 0.″46 resolution) toward a quasar–quasar pair system recently discovered at z = 6.05. The quasar nuclei (C1 and C2) are faint (M
1450 ≳ −23 mag), but we detect very bright [C ii] emission bridging the 12 kpc between the two objects and extending beyond them (total luminosity L
[C ii] ≃ 6 × 109
L
⊙). The [C ii]-based total star formation rate of the system is ∼550 M
⊙ yr−1 (the IR-based dust-obscured star formation is ∼100 M
⊙ yr−1), with a [C ii]-based total gas mass of ∼1011
M
⊙. The dynamical masses of the two galaxies are large (∼9 × 1010
M
⊙ for C1 and ∼5 × 1010
M
⊙ for C2). There is a smooth velocity gradient in [C ii], indicating that these quasars are a tidally interacting system. We identified a dynamically distinct, fast-[C ii] component around C1: detailed inspection of the line spectrum there reveals the presence of a broad-wing component, which we interpret as the indication of fast outflows with a velocity of ∼600 km s−1. The expected mass-loading factor of the outflows, after accounting for multiphase gas, is ≳2 − 3, which is intermediate between AGN-driven and starburst-driven outflows. Hydrodynamic simulations in the literature predict that this pair will evolve to a luminous (M
1450 ≲ −26 mag), starbursting (≳1000 M
⊙ yr−1) quasar after coalescence, one of the most extreme populations in the early Universe.
A Hierarchical Point-spread Function Reconstruction Method
Authors: Alonso Pedro , Zhang Jun , Liu Cong
Published: August 2024

Reconstruction of the point-spread function (PSF) plays an important role in many areas of astronomy, including photometry, astrometry, galaxy morphology, and shear measurement. The atmospheric and instrumental effects are the two main contributors to the PSF, both of which may exhibit complex spatial features. Current PSF reconstruction schemes typically rely on individual exposures, and their ability to reproduce the complicated features of the PSF distribution is therefore limited by the number of stars. Interestingly, in conventional methods, after stacking the model residuals of the PSF ellipticities and (relative) sizes from a large number of exposures, one can often observe some stable and nontrivial spatial patterns on the entire focal plane, which could be quite detrimental to, e.g., weak-lensing measurements. These PSF residual patterns are caused by instrumental effects, as they consistently appear in different exposures. Taking this as an advantage, we propose a multilayer PSF reconstruction method to remove such PSF residuals, the second and third layers of which make use of all available exposures together. We test our method on the i-band data of the second release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam. Our method successfully eliminates most of the PSF residuals. Using the Fourier_Quad shear measurement method, we further test the performance of the resulting PSF fields on shear recovery using the field distortion effect. The PSF residuals have strong correlations with the shear residuals, and our new multilayer PSF reconstruction method can remove most of such systematic errors related to the PSF, leading to much smaller shear biases.
Stokes Phenomena in Lensing
Authors: Shi Xun
Published: August 2024

As lensing of coherent astrophysical sources, e.g., pulsars, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves, becomes observationally relevant, the mathematical framework of Picard–Lefschetz theory has recently been introduced to fully account for wave optics effects. Accordingly, the concept of lensing images has been generalized to include complex solutions of the lens equation referred to as “imaginary images,” and more radically, to the Lefschetz thimbles, which are a sum of the steepest descent contours connecting the real and imaginary images in the complex domain. In this wave-optics-based theoretical framework of lensing, we study the “Stokes phenomena” as the change of the topology of the Lefschetz thimbles. Similar to the well-known caustics at which the number of geometric images changes abruptly, the corresponding Stokes lines are the boundaries in the parameter space where the number of effective imaginary images changes. We map the Stokes lines for a few lens models. The resulting Stokes line-caustics network represents a unique feature of the lens models. The observable signature of the Stokes phenomena is the change of interference behavior, in particular the onset of frequency oscillation for some Stokes lines. We also demonstrate high-order Stokes phenomena where the system has a continuous number of effective images but with an abrupt change in the way they are connected to each other by the Lefschetz thimbles. Their full characterization calls for an analogy of the catastrophe theory for caustics.
Adiabatic Mass Loss in Binary Stars. IV. Low- and Intermediate-mass Helium Binary Stars
Authors: Zhang Lifu , Ge Hongwei , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen
Published: August 2024

The unstable mass transfer situation in binary systems will asymptotically cause the adiabatic expansion of the donor star and finally lead to the common envelope phase. This process could happen in helium binary systems once the helium donor star fills its Roche-lobe. We have calculated the adiabatic mass-loss model of naked helium stars with a mass range of 0.35 M
⊙–10 M
⊙, and every mass sequence evolved from the helium-zero-age main sequence to the cooling track of white dwarf or carbon ignition. In consideration of the influence of stellar wind, massive helium stars are not considered in this paper. Comparing the stellar radius with the evolution of the Roche-lobe under the assumption of conservative mass transfer, we give the critical mass ratio q
crit = M
He/M
accretor as the binary stability criteria of low- and intermediate-mass helium binary stars. On the helium main sequence, the result shows 1.0 < q
crit < 2.6, which is more unstable than the classical result of polytropic model q
crit = 3. After the early helium Hertzsprung Gap, the q
crit quickly increases even larger than 10 (more stable compared with the widely used result of q
crit = 4), which is dominated by the expansion of the radiative envelope. Our result could be useful for these quick mass transfer binary systems such as AM CVns, ultra-compact X-ray binaries, and helium novae, and it could guide the binary population synthesis for the formation of special objects such as type Ia supernova and gravitational wave sources.
Bipolar Blobs as Evidence of Hidden AGN Activities in the Low-mass Galaxies
Authors: Yao Yao , Wang Enci , He Zhicheng , Lin Zheyu , Rong Yu , Zhang Hong-Xin , Kong Xu
Published: August 2024

We report evidence of a hidden black hole (BH) in a low-mass galaxy, MaNGA 9885-9102, and provide a new method to identify active BHs in low-mass galaxies. This galaxy is originally selected from the MaNGA survey with distinctive bipolar Hα blobs at the minor axis. The bipolar feature can be associated with active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity, while the two blobs are classified as the H ii regions on the BPT diagram, making the origins confusing. The Swift UV continuum shows that the two blobs do not have UV counterparts, suggesting that the source of ionization is out of the blobs. Consistent with this, the detailed photoionization models prefer AGN rather than the star-forming origin with a significance of 5.8σ. The estimated BH mass is M
BH ∼ 7.2 × 105
M
⊙ from the M
BH–σ
* relationship. This work introduces a novel method for detecting the light echo of BHs, potentially extending to intermediate mass, in low-metallicity environments where the traditional BPT diagram fails.
New Transient Co-orbital Asteroids of Venus
Authors: Carruba Valerio , Moreira Morais Maria Helena , Mourão Daniela C. , Araujo Rosana A. N. , Aljbaae Safwan , Caritá Gabriel , Domingos Rita C.
Published: August 2024

Venus has no known natural satellites but has 5 known co-orbitals. These are objects trapped in a 1:1 mean-motion resonance with Venus. Co-orbital configurations include retrograde satellite orbits (RS), tadpole orbits (T) around the Lagrangian equilibrium points L4 or L5, and horseshoe orbits around both L4 and L5 (H). At high eccentricity or inclination, co-orbital configurations may also involve compounds of T and RS (T-RS, T-RS-T), H and RS (H-RS) orbits, or transitions between different co-orbital modes. Here we identify asteroids in 2 RS, 1 L4-tadpole, 2 H-RS, and 2 T-RS orbits, as well as 8 additional asteroids in possible temporary co-orbital status. Although the majority of these objects do not yet have well-characterized orbits, 2020 CL1, and 2020 SB do and are very likely to be new co-orbital asteroids. With the new candidates, Venus would have a population of 20 co-orbital asteroids, comparable to those of Mars and Earth.
The Use of Telehealth to Improve Office Efficiency and Health Care Access Among Patients Being Evaluated for Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Lutz Rex W. , Alexander Tia N. , McCahon Joseph A. S. , Lencer Adam J. , Patrizio Harrison A. , Courtney P. Maxwell , Deirmengian Gregory K.
Published: August 2024

Background

Patients being evaluated for revision total joint arthroplasty (RTJA) are often referred to tertiary care centers, which may decrease their access to adequate health care and overburden these health care systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of RTJA patient evaluation via telehealth.

Materials and Methods

We identified a consecutive series of patients newly evaluated for a symptomatic TJA by two academic surgeons during a 1-year period. Clinical records, radiographs, and laboratory values were reviewed to determine whether the patient was indicated for RTJA. Efficiency was determined by calculating the percentage of patients who could have been adequately evaluated with telehealth. We then used the modalities required for diagnosis in each RTJA case to determine the feasibility of evaluating such patients through telehealth.

Results

Of the 381 patients evaluated for RTJA candidacy, 154 (40.4%) were indicated for revision surgery. All 152 patients evaluated for possible hip revision could have been evaluated and diagnosed via telehealth, demonstrating a telehealth efficiency of 100%. Of 229 patients evaluated for possible knee revision, 183 were able to be evaluated and diagnosed via telehealth. The 46 remaining patients were indicated for revision secondary to instability, which would require an in-office examination for diagnosis. The efficiency of telehealth for potential knee revision patients was 79.9%.

Conclusion

Telehealth may be useful in evaluating patients with symptomatic TJA. It may increase the efficiency of in-office evaluations and reduce potential barriers to health care access. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(6):372–376.]
Incidence of Parental Requests to Discontinue Growth-Friendly Surgical Lengthening for Early Onset Scoliosis
Authors: Robertson Emily , Murphy Robert F. , Anari Jason B. , Emans John B. , Sponseller Paul D. , Samdani Amer F. , Smith John T. , Barfield William R. , Mooney James F.
Published: August 2024

Background

The STOP questionnaire was developed to document reasons for discontinuation of growth-friendly (GF) treatment in early onset scoliosis (EOS). This study investigated the incidence of parental request (PR) on the STOP questionnaire and compared clinical information and Early Onset Scoliosis 24-Item Questionnaire (EOSQ-24) scores of PR patients with those whose parents did not request discontinuation (non-parent request [NPR]).

Materials and Methods

An international pediatric spine registry was queried for EOS patients with STOP questionnaires completed by their surgeon. Age at discontinuation, sex, and EOS etiology were recorded. GF device, number of surgical procedures, complications, STOP questionnaire reasons for discontinuation, and definitive treatment were recorded. EOSQ-24 scores and clinical information in the PR cohort were compared with the NPR cohort.

Results

Data for 1326 patients were analyzed. PR was listed on the STOP questionnaires of 46 (3.5%) patients, completed at a mean age of 12 years (SD, 3.2 years). There were no statistical differences in number of procedures or complications when comparing the PR cohort with the NPR cohort. PR patients more frequently had neuromuscular EOS (
P
=.002), more frequently were treated with magnetically controlled growing rods (33% vs 14%,
P
=.036), and more frequently were observed after GF discontinuation (
P
=.628). EOSQ-24 scores for the PR cohort were significantly lower in most domains except pain/discomfort.

Conclusion

For 3.5% of the EOS patients, PR was listed on the STOP questionnaire. They frequently had neuromuscular EOS and frequently were treated with magnetically controlled growing rods. Additionally, these patients had statistically lower EOSQ-24 scores across most domains. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(6):e311–e316.]
Non-uniform dependence on periodic initial data for the two-component Fornberg-Whitham system in Besov spaces
Authors: Dutta Prerona , Keyfitz Barbara Lee
Published: August 2024

This paper establishes non-uniform continuity of the data-to-solution map in the periodic case for the two-component Fornberg-Whitham system in Besov spaces $ B^s_{p, r}(\mathbb{T}) \times B^{s-1}_{p, r}(\mathbb{T}) $ for $ s > \max\{2+\frac{1}{p}, \frac{5}{2}\} $. In particular, when $ p = 2 $ and $ r = 2 $, this proves the non-uniform dependence on initial data for the system in Sobolev spaces $ H^s(\mathbb{T})\times H^{s-1}(\mathbb{T}) $ for $ s > \frac{5}{2} $.
The effectiveness of competency-based global health education programs for medical students
Authors: Kim Songrim , Kyung Sun Young , Park Ie Byung , Yune So Jung , Park Kwi Hwa
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a competency-based global health education (GHE) program for medical students and analyze its effectiveness.Methods: The study had a pretest–posttest control group design. The program was developed based on the eight global health competency domains for medical students and implemented for 18 hours over 6 weeks beginning in September 2023. The intervention and control groups comprised 34 students and 41 students, respectively. The analytical methods used were t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance.Results: Experience with global health activities and pretest scores were controlled as covariates to exclude the effects of participants’ general characteristics and pretest scores. The intervention group had outscored the control group on interest in a global health career and the necessity of GHE and also showed significantly higher posttest scores on global competence, global citizenship, and global health competence. Students were generally satisfied with the GHE program.Conclusion: A global health competency-based GHE program effectively increases medical students’ interest in global health careers, their understanding of the need for GHE, and their global competence, global citizenship, and global health competence. This study is expected to promote GHE program development and research.
Caffeine consumption of medical students in Korea: amount and symptoms based on a 2023 survey
Authors: Choi Seong Woo , Kim Ye Won , Lee Chang Yong , Jang Hyung Su , Chae Hee Seung , Choi Ju Ha , Ko Young Hwii
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To investigate the form and level of daily caffeine intake recommended above 400 mg in medical students expected to consume caffeinated beverages to enhance their performance.Methods: From May to June 2023, freshman through senior medical students at a medical school in Korea were administered a seven-item questionnaire designed to measure the amount of caffeine-containing foods consumed, the weekly interval between consumption, the reason for consumption, and the level of caffeine-induced symptoms experienced.Results: Out of 443 students, 361 responded (81.5%). The most commonly consumed caffeine beverages were coffee (79.2%), followed by soda (33.2%), tea (27.4%), chocolate (25.2%), and energy drinks (20.5%). The estimated (average±standard deviation) daily intake was estimated to 274.6±276.5 mg, and they consumed caffeine on an average of 4.25±2.26 days per week. Students who consumed 400 mg or more of caffeine daily consumed 19.9%. The primary motivation for caffeine intake was “to improve academic performance” (60.9%) and “preferred food” (51.8%). Among the responders, 98% of them replied they had symptoms that could be caused by caffeine, in order of palpitations (47.4%), frequent urination (42.9%), anxiety (27.1%), indigestion (17.5%), and excitement (17.5%). A total of 45.7% reported two symptoms, and 24.7% reported three or more.Conclusion: Caffeinated beverage consumption was routine among current medical students, with 20% consuming more than the recommended daily amount. Most students experienced at least one caffeine-induced symptom, with two symptoms in half, suggesting the need for policy measures and warnings about caffeine-containing foods.
The status of interprofessional education for healthcare students in South Korea: a scoping review focusing on simulation-based education
Authors: Lee Sunmin , Kim Myung Chun , Kim Jongyoon
Published: August 2024

Simulation-based education is gaining attention worldwide as it is recognized as effective in fostering collaborative skills in healthcare students. We conducted a comprehensive review of simulation-based interprofessional education (IPE) to examine the current state of simulation-based IPE. This scoping review systematically analyzed studies on simulation-based IPE in South Korean healthcare education, following established guidelines. Relevant articles were comprehensively searched, and key data on simulation methods, implementations, and educational effectiveness were extracted for analysis. The present study included nine quantitative studies and one mixed-methods study. The majority of participants were undergraduate nursing and medical students. The duration of IPE interventions ranged from 2 hours to 2 weeks. Education methods included standardized patients, high-fidelity simulators, and role-playing. Educational outcomes focused on measuring IPE competencies and satisfaction levels, concentrating on Kirkpatrick levels 1 and 2. While most studies reported high satisfaction levels, there is a need for objective evaluation of educational effectiveness. As simulation-based IPE in Korean healthcare education evolves, there is a need for greater inclusivity of diverse roles, multidisciplinary respect, and scenario development allowing active participation across professions. Establishing institutional frameworks, community linkages, and a deep understanding of IPE’s purpose and essence among practitioners is crucial for its academic maturation.
“Groundhog Data”
Authors: Pryce Ian
Published: August 2024

In the United Kingdom, colleges annually collect substantial volumes of student data mandated by further education funding bodies and regulators. Primarily, this supports policy-level decision-making and facilitates institutional comparisons. Whilst the standardised nature of this data ensures rigour and offers valuable insights, colleges often overlook other critical aspects of the student experience and opt for internal data collection practices. In contrast to other customer-centric industries, college practices fall short and perpetuate a defensive approach towards data utilisation, hindering progress and innovation. The advent of advanced technologies and data analysis tools, however, provides colleges with unprecedented opportunities to leverage their data assets for societal and individual student benefits. This chapter explores the shortcomings of routine data collection practices within the college sector and advocates for a paradigm shift towards agile data utilisation. Through recognition of the limitations of annual data collection, identification of unexplored data sources, and the fostering of data-driven routines, colleges can unlock the transformative potential of data to improve economic prosperity, student well-being, and individual success. This chapter sets out a proposed framework for enhancing data collection and utilisation practices in colleges across the United Kingdom, and paves the way for data-driven excellence and innovation in the further education sector.
Ethical Considerations in Practitioner Research
Authors: Smith Anne Jacqueline Haig
Published: August 2024

This chapter argues for the central importance of ethical considerations in any college-based research practice. Drawing on recent experience, the professional and personal tensions in undertaking ethical research are explored, encouraging principle-based choices. Consideration is given to the role of participant responses as stories and the implications of unforeseen responses. In addition, the relevance of age is examined as participants are often on the boundary between childhood and adulthood. Working from within a research setting, and meeting high standards of anonymity and confidentiality, are also discussed and guidance given. This chapter argues for the central importance of ethical considerations in any college-based research practice. Drawing on recent experience, the professional and personal tensions in undertaking ethical research are explored, encouraging principle-based choices. Consideration is given to the role of participant responses as stories and the implications of unforeseen responses. In addition, the relevance of age is examined as participants are often on the boundary between childhood and adulthood. Working from within a research setting, and meeting high standards of anonymity and confidentiality, are also discussed and guidance given.
Higher Expectations of the Students
Authors: Gallagher Matthew Alexander , Page Megan , Weaver Kaja
Published: August 2024

Higher education in further education institutions often is perceived by students as having a lower quality than offerings from traditional universities. This chapter argues that by understanding (and meeting) the expectations of students, it is possible to increase their satisfaction. Instead of understanding the students recruited onto higher education in further education institutions as a monolith, this chapter suggests that a more nuanced understanding can come from categorising students as wanting a ‘University-Lite' or ‘University-Like' experience. By understanding the differences between these students' expectations, it is possible to better understand these expectations and therefore ensure that the provision is better placed to meet them. As a result, students are likely to feel more satisfied with the provision and have a better impression of the quality of the institution. Using focus groups and semi-structured interviews, this chapter suggests three main recommendations. Firstly, that it is essential to create separation between the higher education identity and provision from that of the further education experience in order to increase student satisfaction. Secondly, it also argues that marketing strategies should emphasise the strengths of the higher education in a further education institution provision in a realistic and targeted way to help contribute to the formulation of the students' expectations to help increase student satisfaction. Finally, the use of academic partners expertise, resources and facilities can greatly improve the sense of Higher Education identity in Further Education institutions and should be more effectively utilised.
Climate Change Education for Sustainable Development and Social Justice
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Sall Wendy
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the curriculum development process in integrating climate change education within the framework of sustainable development and social justice. It also emphasises the collaborative role of students in the development of an undergraduate level 4 module. In an era marked by pressing environmental challenges and the imperative for equitable societal progress, the need for comprehensive education is paramount. The chapter, which highlights the interconnected nature of the themes of climate change, sustainable development and social justice, explores the concept of empowering students as active partners in developing a module outline. It also examines the benefits of involving students and staff in curriculum development. These include decision-making around teaching, learning and assessment strategies, and the sense of ownership, engagement, and agency that arise through it. In addition to enhancing the relevance and applicability of the educational content, the collaborative approach also equips students with skills essential for acting locally in addressing multifaceted global issues. Drawing on pedagogical theories and real-world examples discussed by the students and staff, the chapter outlines strategies for structuring the module. It addresses the challenges of balancing theoretical knowledge with practical applications in climate change education, while ensuring alignment with sustainability and social justice principles. The integration of diverse perspectives, interdisciplinary approaches, and experiential learning techniques are explored as a means of enriching the learning experience and promoting a holistic understanding of the issues related to climate change, social justice, and sustainability.
Remote Sensing Technologies in Pest Detection
Authors: Sial Muhammad Umair , Ahmed Rizwan , Khan Rashad Rasool , Ahmad Jam Nazeer , Riaz Aqsa
Published: August 2024

The current book chapter provides a prospective viewpoint on the cutting-edge and historical strategies of remote sensing systems and their uses, especially for agricultural pest management. The application of a remote sensing system depends on the spectral behavior of different pest species. Nowadays, the application of remote sensing systems is an effective tool for the forecasting, detecting, and managing of different pests on different crops. The main aim of the remote sensing system is to collect information of pest species that help in making decisions for pest control and to minimize the negative impact of chemical pesticides on the environment. Remote sensing technology can provide accurate and fast forecasting of different pests and subsequently minimize management costs and pest damage.
Challenges and Solutions in Real-Time Uncontrolled Emotion Detection
Authors: Manikandan S. , Pappa D. Celin , Malar G. Sonia Gnana , Saranya S. , Vaidianathan B. , Singh Sonia
Published: August 2024

Real-time emotion detection, particularly in uncontrolled or unpredictable settings, presents many challenges that demand innovative solutions. This chapter embarks on a deep exploration of these challenges, ranging from variable lighting conditions to the vast spectrum of human expressions. It proposes cutting-edge AI techniques to overcome them. Uncontrolled settings introduce variables that traditional emotion detection systems may struggle to account for. Factors like inconsistent lighting can obscure facial expressions, while the diversity of human emotions adds complexity to the recognition process. Current research confronts these challenges head-on, seeking to advance the field of real-time emotion detection. Through the application of state-of-the-art AI techniques, the chapter introduces innovative solutions that significantly enhance the performance of emotion detection in uncontrolled environments. These solutions leverage advanced algorithms and deep learning models to adapt to varying conditions and accurately identify emotions in real time. This breakthrough has promising implications for applications such as surveillance, entertainment, and telecommunication, where understanding human emotions is crucial. The proposed solutions enhance accuracy and improve the overall user experience by providing more reliable and timely emotional insights. This is particularly valuable in contexts where real-time decision-making is essential. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge in real-time emotion detection. By addressing the specific challenges posed by uncontrolled environments and introducing innovative AI solutions, the chapter opens new avenues for integrating emotion recognition into diverse applications, ultimately enhancing human-machine interactions and user experiences.
Enhancing Dental Diagnostics on Leveraging AI for Precise Imaging Analysis
Authors: Bhat Nagesh , Singh Vikas , Jain Ankita , Bagde Hiroj
Published: August 2024

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into dental diagnostics has revolutionized the field, offering unprecedented accuracy and efficiency in analyzing imaging data and improving patient care. This review provides an overview of AI applications in dental diagnostics, including automated pathology detection, treatment planning optimization, enhanced diagnostic accuracy, and workflow efficiency. Real-world examples illustrate the practical implementation of AI in dental practice, while clinical guidelines offer recommendations for its successful adoption. Opportunities for further advancement in AI-driven diagnostics are discussed, highlighting the potential for personalized, precise, and patient-centered care in dentistry. Furthermore, AI algorithms can assist clinicians in treatment planning by simulating potential outcomes, predicting success rates, and optimizing treatment parameters, such as implant positioning and orthodontic mechanics. AI enhances treatment precision and efficacy by providing clinicians with valuable insights and decision-support tools, ultimately improving patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Quality of ESG Reporting and Disclosure Practices of Indian Companies
Authors: Abhishek N. , Suraj Neethu , Divyashree M. S.
Published: August 2024

Globalization has made the business environment more dynamic and vulnerable. Therefore, apart from financial information, other information regarding the environmental and social implications of such businesses is gaining equal importance. Therefore, the present study intends to analyze the quality of ESG reporting practices among selected companies in India and evaluate the perceptions of experts on the opportunities and challenges of ESG reporting and disclosure practices. The results reveal a significant difference in the quality of ESG reporting practices. It is interesting to note that there is a notable improvement in ESG reporting practices among the selected companies over time. Furthermore, the results of a survey of experts revealed that regulatory requirements are the top priority for adopting such practices. The opinions of experts also confirmed that diversity in ESG disclosure is a big challenge that companies face in undertaking such practices.
The Environmental, Social, and Governance Impact on Performance Stock Prices
Authors: Mkadmi Jamel Eddine , Ali Wissem Ben
Published: August 2024

Following the global financial crisis, commercial banks intensified their social responsibility efforts in order to strengthen their stakeholders' reputation and trust in them. However, past research on the value relevance of these sustainable practices for their financial stakeholders is limited. The goal of this study is to investigate if the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of commercial banks listed on different stock exchanges from GCC offers useful information and has a substantial influence on stock prices from 2008 to 2022. The findings show that stock market investors perceive the three ESG pillars differently. The authors also find that the value significance of ESG performance is much greater for banks from common law nations and during the global financial crisis. These findings may have ramifications for both internal and external stakeholders, including managers, investors, and market regulators.
Tailored to Perfection
Authors: Kumar G. , Seshasai Saladi Jaswanth , Shriya K.
Published: August 2024

In delivering globalization, the emerging markets are opening great opportunities to many unexplored markets for business entities that would want to penetrate deeper into the global market. Nonetheless, an idea to gain a competitive advantage in these markets is based on the understanding that the company can cannot satisfy all potential customers' needs on a global level, but can only serve those in various countries who are willing to accept a product or service designed specifically for their cultural framework. This is where the AI-based service delivery comes in – a unique technique that can help businesses to gather and evaluate big data, understand the key elements, and thus, generate new services that would speak to the audiences in a very specific way. But that's what this chapter means to do, bringing the reader into the extraordinary realm of AI-driven service customizations as a new avenue to change how businesses function in emerging markets while achieving growth, customer loyalty, and profitability.
Adoption of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Shandilya Abhinav Kumar , Kumar Dilip
Published: August 2024

A bibliometric study using Bibliometrix R-package was conducted to determine the answers to publication and citation trends, the author's contributions and collaboration patterns, the most relevant sources and their impact, and the major clusters' evolution. 57 articles were identified since 1996 for the final analysis. After the pandemic (COVID-19), publication trends have grown, and citation trends have also shown upward and downward over time. The collaborative author's work has increased drastically, indicating the quality of the published articles. Mostly Q1 quality journals appeared in the top 10 most influential sources, which shows the popularity of this theme growing recently. Science mapping using bibliographic coupling analysis was performed and generated seven clusters such as Evacuation behaviour in hotel building using a virtual environment, User engagement in the virtual world of hotels, VR's impact on hotels, VR in hotel marketing and customer engagement, Harnessing VR and AR in Hospitality, and Traveller experience.
Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Tourism-Hospitality Industry
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Kaunert Christian , Malviya Rishabha , Gautam Ritu , Singh Gursahib
Published: August 2024

Generative Artificial Intelligence presents significant prospects for the hospitality and tourism sector, impacting various aspects such as operations, design, marketing, destination management, human resources, revenue management, accounting and finance, strategic management and more. Generative AI holds promise for enhancing the hospitality industry's visitor experience in a number of ways including by providing tailored suggestions and strengthening security protocols. Staff members may learn at their own speed and in a way that suits their learning preferences when customized training experiences are provided, depending on individual strengths and limitations. The incorporation of GAI in hospitality and tourism sector raises ethical, legal, social and economic considerations that demand thoughtful examination by hospitality and tourism enterprises. This chapter explores the diverse arena of the applications of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Tourism and Hospitality Industry for Strengthening Customer Relationships Delivering Better Experiences with futuristic approach.
Implications of AI in Hotel Housekeeping Operations
Authors: Srivastava Prerna , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar
Published: August 2024

This study delves into the regenerative trends in hotel housekeeping within the Indian hospitality industry, emphasizing the integration of innovative practices and technology to meet the evolving expectations of guests. It explores the significance of these trends in enhancing operational efficiency, elevating guest satisfaction, and adopting eco-friendly practices. Through secondary data from research journals, magazines, and internet websites, the chapter highlights how these regenerative trends contribute to the industry's growth and sustainability. It also discusses the challenges and best practices that emerge as housekeeping departments strive to balance guest demands with environmental responsibilities. The findings underscore the necessity of continual adaptation and the integration of technology in housekeeping to sustain competitiveness and profitability in the hospitality sector.
Implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Kabir Firoj , Khan Musfiqur Rahoman , Mia Md Nasir , Talukder Mohammad Badruddoza
Published: August 2024

AI has significantly impacted the hospitality and tourism industries by revolutionizing various aspects of these sectors. Technology, particularly artificial intelligence, has become integral in planning and executing travel experiences. Maximum travelers now planning their trips online, the role of AI in enhancing customer experiences and streamlining operations is paramount. Integrating new technologies like catboats, messengers, and robots has elevated the tourism business to unprecedented levels. AI's influence extends to intelligent mobile apps, Internet usage, and innovative solutions like blockchain and big data analytics in the hospitality sector. Scholars and industry professionals are actively exploring the potential of AI to transform services, improve customer interactions, and drive operational efficiencies within the hospitality and tourism industries. This technological evolution is reshaping how businesses operate and improving customers' trip experience, marking a significant shift towards a more tech-savvy and efficient industry landscape.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing the Experience of Solo Travellers From Europe to India
Authors: Gade Jayaprakashnarayana , Johnpaul M. , Agnihotri Shambhavi , Miryala Ramesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

This study, which draws heavily from the literature, examines how artificial intelligence (AI) may significantly improve the traveler experience for lone passengers from Europe to India. This report addresses important ways that AI technologies improve solo travel experiences through an examination of existing studies, such as communication facilitation, safety upgrades, and tailored suggestions. AI-driven systems use sophisticated algorithms to customize travel recommendations based on personal tastes, handle safety issues by analyzing data in real-time, and help users translate across languages. This research illustrates the revolutionary effect of AI on solo travel by reviewing pertinent literature, enabling tourists to confidently and easily discover new places. The results highlight the significance of AI integration in contemporary travel practices and provide guidance to researchers and practitioners looking to enhance the experience of lone European visitors to India.
Application of Virtual Reality Technology Based on Convolutional Neural Network in Digital Media Art Creation
Authors: Guo Chunfeng , Zhang Xi , Gao Zhengjie
Published: August 2024

On the basis of the convolutional neural network based on the absolute value layer, a convolutional neural network based on multi-level parallel is proposed. This model adds shortcut connections between different convolutional layers of the convolutional neural network. The shortcut connections allow the feature map output from the shallower convolutional layers in the network to be directly used as branch information, which is similar to the deep convolutional layer. The feature maps are combined to obtain a feature map with more comprehensive information. By using the features of the shallow convolutional layer and the deep convolutional layer at the same time, the embedded traces it learns are more accurate. The final experimental results prove that the multi-level parallel convolutional neural network has a significant improvement in detection performance compared with the rich model art creation analysis algorithm, even when confronting the HILL art creation algorithm with an embedding rate of 0.4bpp.
Unveiling the Puzzle of Social Media Adoption Among Small Grocery Retailers
Authors: Choubey Vardhan Mahesh , Chakraborty Debarun , Pahari Subhajit , Kumar Kumod , Jain Ravi Kumar , Rana Nripendra P.
Published: August 2024

This research is aimed to understand the intentions of small grocery retailers in adopting social media for marketing purposes. The research used an integrated TAM-TOE framework combined with an SOR framework for understanding factors influencing the intention of small grocery retailers to adopt social media. Mixed methods were used for the study. Initially, in-depth interviews were conducted with 55 retailers to develop a grounded model, which was verified through a survey of 874 retailers. Findings suggest that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were positively related to relative advantage, interaction, organizational competency and complexity, bandwagon effect, and competitive pressure. Retailer age and retail outlet also had moderation effects. Small grocery retailers who understand the relative advantage of social media are more likely to adopt it, influenced by the bandwagon effect. Intense competition is also pushing retailers to adopt social media to avoid losing customers and missing out on potential opportunities.
Low-Temperature Mixed Mode (I/II) Fracture Characterization of Polymerized Sulfur Modified AC Mixtures
Authors: Ghafari Sepehr , Nejad Fereidoon Moghadas
Published: August 2024

In this study, asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures were modified with polymerized sulfur, using PG58-22 bitumen, and crushed siliceous aggregate. Modifications involved replacing the base binder with 20%, 30%, and 50% polymerized sulfur, compared to a control mix with no replacement. The mixtures were subjected to Single Edge Notched-Beam (SE(B)) fracture tests under mixed mode (I/II) conditions with notch offset value of 48 mm, with temperatures ranging from 0 °C to -20 °C. These tests, focusing on the mixtures' response to mixed mode loading, provided load-displacement curves, enabling the determination of fracture energy. Results indicated an increase in fracture energy for 20% and 30% sulfur-modified mixtures. However, a trend towards increased embrittlement was also observed, as fractures occurred at lower displacements. Significantly, higher sulfur content correlated with similar or decreased mixed-mode (I/II) fracture energy, suggesting an improved resistance to low-temperature cracking for lower replacement percentages.