bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A theory of visibility measures in the dissociation paradigm
Authors: Schmidt Thomas , Biafora Melanie
Published: August 2023

Research on perception without awareness primarily relies on the dissociation paradigm, which compares a measure of awareness of a critical stimulus (direct measure) with a measure indicating that the stimulus has been processed at all (indirect measure). We argue that dissociations between direct and indirect measures can only be demonstrated with respect to the critical stimulus feature that generates the indirect effect, and the observer’s awareness of that feature, the critical cue. We expand Kahneman’s (Psychological Bulletin, 70, 404–425, 1968) concept of criterion content to comprise the set of all cues that an observer actually uses to perform the direct task. Different direct measures can then be compared by studying the overlap of their criterion contents and their containment of the critical cue. Because objective and subjective measures may integrate different sets of cues, one measure generally cannot replace the other without sacrificing important information. Using a simple mathematical formalization, we redefine and clarify the concepts of validity, exclusiveness, and exhaustiveness in the dissociation paradigm, show how dissociations among different awareness measures falsify both single-valued measures and monocausal theories of "consciousness," and formulate the demand that theories of visual awareness should be sufficiently specific to explain dissociations among different facets of awareness.
To Whom It May Affirm: Considerations for Advancing LGBTQIA+ Equity in Research
Authors: Malo Vincenzo F. , Hodge Sunnie , Foster Marcel W.
Published: August 2023

The LGBTQIA+ community is a strong, resilient, and diverse community that has been at the forefront of disrupting systems of oppression. However, research continues to stigmatize LGBTQIA+ people and exclude the community’s priorities. In response, many researchers, community advocates, and governmental organizations have called for the prioritization of inclusive, equity-centered research with LGBTQIA+ populations. Given the lack of “gold standards” that currently exist for such research, the purpose of this article is to digest and expand upon eight actionable priorities for engaging in equity-centered research with LGBTQIA+ populations: meaningful LGBTQIA+ data, safety, granularity, evolving identities, construct relevance, community-based research, intersectionality, and equity-centered research. By engaging in these practices, researchers can help dismantle systems of oppression that drive outcomes and opportunities for LGBTQIA+ populations, as well as shift narratives away from deficit-framing research and toward strength-based research. This article presents these considerations for researchers not as an exhaustive checklist, but rather as a resource for engaging in equity-centered research that meaningfully characterizes, protects, and celebrates the joy of LGBTQIA+ communities.
From Face to-Face to Teleworking: A Literature Review on How Different Types of Work Affect Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Schmitz Thiago , Dias Murillo de Oliveira
Published: August 2023

In 2022, the pandemic showed the first signs of diminishing the virulence and lethality of the coronavirus and its variants. Gradually, workers had to re-adapt from mandatory teleworking into a massive comeback to face-to-face work, while some preferred to stay home office. Through extensive archival research, this research investigated the different types of work and their influence on Psychological Well-Being (PWB) in the Brazilian IT industry. Key findings revealed psychological fallout caused by the pandemic, affecting not only the workers’ performance but also the way workers should work. Some prefer staying home due to fewer distances traveled and lower mobility costs, for instance. In contrast, others prefer face-to-face work because it facilitates communication and meetings, helps establish trust, facilitates clarity in conversations, and saves time during the workday. Finally, we found evidence that face-to-face work also helps improve satisfaction and PWB.
Environmental Financial Reporting and Corporate Performance of Listed Pharmaceutical Companies in Nigeria
Authors: Etale Lyndon M. , Levi-Owonaro Seimiegha P.
Published: August 2023

A nation's economic growth and development depend critically on the pharmaceutical business because of its inextricable link to people's health and, by extension, their ability to put in productive hours at work. This study analyzed the effect of environmental financial reporting on the profitability of publicly listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. The study relied on the ex post facto research design and made use of historical financial data on the adopted study variables. At the 0.05 threshold of significance as decision criteria, the study tested two hypotheses. The research used secondary data, and the businesses studied were a representative sample of the pharmaceutical companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. Ordinary least square regression was used in conjunction with E-views version 9 to analyze the collected data. Earnings per share of listed pharmaceutical businesses in Nigeria were shown to be favorably connected with environmental financial reporting proxy by employee's welfare policy and community development cost. Management was urged to invest more in their workers' well-being to boost morale and productivity in the pharmaceutical industry.
Análisis de la educación técnica laboral en educación media, de la teoría a la práctica
Authors: Montaña Chaparro Nelson Iván , Niño Bernal Jaime Enrique
Published: August 2023

El bajo porcentaje de ingreso de estudiantes a la universidad demuestra la necesidad de una educación media técnica de calidad, que ofrezca posibilidades laborales a los bachilleres. Son claras las problemáticas presentes en la educación media técnica. Baja calidad, pertinencia y cobertura son algunos de los problemas; sin contar el poco interés de los estudiantes en esta formación. Es necesario realizar estudios que permitan identificar las problemáticas presentes, analizar la realidad de la educación técnica ofrecida en las Instituciones y orientar sobre las falencias que, por el análisis de normatividad, informes y experiencias propias, se ponen en evidencia. En este estudio se presenta un análisis crítico a la pertinencia y buen funcionamiento de la especialidad técnica en cinco instituciones del occidente del departamento de Boyacá, trabajando desde una investigación analítica, con el objetivo de analizar la aplicación de educación media técnica establecida por entes estatales y su aplicación en las instituciones estudiadas, de manera que este estudio dejo en evidencia desde una visión general, la poca articulación , el abandono y la falta de política pública seria y disciplinada del estado hacia la educación media técnica en las Instituciones educativas que en Colombia se inclinan por promocionar las especialidades industriales en la nación.
Establecimiento de una plantación de nueve especies forestales con fines de rehabilitación de suelos degradados en la hacienda la Florencia en el Cantón y provincia de Loja
Authors: Jiménez Cueva Thalia Paola , Palacios Herrera Byron Gonzalo
Published: August 2023

Los problemas más impactantes de la degradación de suelos es el cambio de uso de suelo, como la apertura de áreas para usos agrícolas y pecuarios, esto es un factor que contribuye a la degradación. El objetivo fue restaurar el suelo degradado mediante la plantación de especies nativas. Se utilizó el método Miyawaki, que consiste en plantar especies muy cerca una de otra, para que exista competencia y acelere su crecimiento en altura, con un diseño en curvas de nivel. La evaluación de sobrevivencia se realizó en base a la relación entre el número de plantas establecidas y el número de plantas vivas encontradas en la medición. Se midieron las variables como diámetro basal y altura total, se evaluó el incremento medio y corriente semestral de las dos variables dasométricas, y se realizó un análisis de varianza. La sobrevivencia promedio de la plantación fue de 95,69%; la especie con mayor incremento medio semestral en altura total fue Alnus acuminata con 37,30 cm; en diámetro basal la especie con mayor incremento medio fue Erythrina edulis con 7,89 mm: mediante el análisis de varianza se pudo comprobar que a los seis meses de plantación existió diferencias estadísticamente significativas en su crecimiento.
Metodologías activas: promoviendo un aprendizaje significativo y motivacional
Authors: Tapia Peralta Stalin Roberto
Published: August 2023

En este artículo, emerge de la reflexión literaria de la tesis doctoral denominada “Aplicación de unas metodologías activas para estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas especiales no asociadas a discapacidad en la Unidad Educativa Fiscomisional “Mater Dei” de la ciudad de Loja”. De esta manera se presenta un análisis comparativo de cinco metodologías activas en educación: Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos, Aprendizaje Basado en Casos y Retos, Aprendizaje Basado en el Trabajo Colaborativo, Aprendizaje Basado en el Juego y Aprendizaje Basado en las Aulas Invertidas. El objetivo del estudio es examinar sus características, aplicaciones, efectividad y desafíos en diferentes contextos educativos. Para llevar a cabo este análisis, se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura académica relacionada con cada metodología activa. Se utilizaron bases de datos de revistas científicas, libros y estudios de caso para recopilar información relevante. Los resultados indican que cada metodología activa presenta ventajas y desafíos únicos. El Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos promueve la colaboración y el aprendizaje profundo, pero requiere planificación cuidadosa. El Aprendizaje Basado en Casos y Retos estimula el pensamiento crítico, pero la selección de casos adecuados puede ser un reto. El Aprendizaje Basado en el Trabajo Colaborativo empodera a los estudiantes a valorar el apoyo del otro para trabajar como uno solo. El Aprendizaje Basado en el Juego aumenta la motivación, pero requiere equilibrar el entretenimiento con los objetivos educativos. El Aprendizaje Basado en las Aulas Invertidas mejora la comprensión, pero necesita infraestructura tecnológica adecuada. Las conclusiones clave revelan que la elección adecuada de la metodología activa dependerá de los objetivos de enseñanza y las características de los estudiantes. Es fundamental adaptar estas metodologías para satisfacer las necesidades específicas y enfrentar los desafíos de implementación. La capacitación y el apoyo continuo son esenciales para aplicar estas metodologías de manera efectiva. Finalmente, las metodologías activas ofrecen una visión prometedora para la educación del siglo XXI, capacitando a los estudiantes para que sean aprendices autónomos y preparados para enfrentar un futuro cada vez más complejo y cambiante.
TÉCNICAS DE ALIVIO DE LOS DISCONFORTS EN EL EMBARAZO: REVISIÓN NARRATIVA
Authors: Oliveira Pablo , Silva Sandra , Frias Ana
Published: August 2023

La gestación es un periodo de grandes cambios para la mujer, los cuales, a pesar de ser necesarios para el desarrollo fetal, pueden provocar cierto malestar en la embarazada. Por ello, se vuelve necesario el abordaje terapéutico para controlar los disconforts y promover el bienestar de las mismas. Objetivo: Exponer técnicas de alivio no farmacológicas para tratar los disconforts durante el embarazo. Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión narrativa de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos científicas, en inglés, portugués y español, durante los meses de noviembre de 2022 y enero de 2023. Resultados: Las terapias complementarias descritas en este estudio son estrategias que en la mayoría de los casos mejoran las diferentes molestias que se presentan en la gestación, y en ocasiones también en el parto. La evidencia ha demostrado en algunos casos beneficios y en otros se ha descrito controversia de estas técnicas. Conclusiones: La OMS recomienda el uso de técnicas no farmacológicas para así evitar complicaciones secundarias a ciertos fármacos. Tanto terapias farmacológicas como no farmacológicas pueden ser usadas, siendo estas últimas más recomendadas por su baja probabilidad de efectos adversos tanto en la mujer como en el feto.
COMPETÊNCIAS DO ENFERMEIRO ESPECIALISTA DE SAÚDE MATERNA E OBSTÉTRICA NA GRAVIDEZ: REFLEXÃO
Authors: Galhanas Ana , Frias Ana
Published: August 2023

A profissão de enfermagem, fundamentada na ciência, busca explorar diferentes perspectivas e abordagens no cuidado, reconhecendo e valorizando as necessidades individuais, subjetivas e culturais de todas as pessoas envolvidas nesse processo, sendo os profissionais de Enfermagem os verdadeiros promotores dos cuidados de saúde. Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver uma reflexão crítica sobre o exercício profissional dos enfermeiros. Os enfermeiros especialistas em saúde materna e obstétrica, com as suas competências comuns e especificas, devem ser fonte de inspiração e motivação para os pares. O conceito da promoção da qualidade evidencia uma melhoria contínua dos cuidados sendo caracterizados pela capacidade de estabelecer relações interpessoais. A promoção da qualidade da prestação de cuidados e o desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino inovadoras e adaptadas às necessidades de cada pessoa, traz subsídios para o cuidar na gravidez, para capacitar e potencializar a mulher/família.
Detecção de micoplasmas hemotrópicos em gambás (Didelphis albiventris) e morcegos (Artibeus lituratus) de fragmentos florestais da região norte do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Massini P.F. , Vieira Rafael Felipe da Costa
Published: August 2023

Os micoplasmas hemotrópicos (hemoplasmas), bactérias gram negativas eritrocíticas e pleomórficas são responsáveis por causar uma anemia hemolítica imunomediada tanto em animais quanto em humanos. A análise da sequência do gene 16S rRNA e 23S rRNA tem impulsionado o estudo de hemoplasmas. Os gambás de orelha branca (Didelphis albiventris) assim como os morcegos, ordem Chiroptera, são importantes representantes da relação entre homem-ambiente pois são de fácil adaptação e distribuídos nas áreas urbanas e rurais. Estudos com estas espécies são importantes uma vez que são reservatórios competentes de diferentes patógenos transmitidos por vetores (DTV) e hemoplasmas, além de servirem como sentinelas para diferentes doenças tropicais. No Brasil, apenas um gambá de orelha branca foi avaliado e este foi negativo para Mycoplasma sp. por meio da PCR. Em morcegos Mycoplasma sp. foi detectado tanto em animais hematófagos quanto em não-hematófagos provenientes de cinco estados brasileiros (Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, São Paulo e Tocantins) e algumas sequências detectadas foram correlacionadas a Mycoplasma sp. provenientes de morcegos da América Central e do Sul. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a presença de Mycoplasma sp. em gambás de orelha branca (Didelphis albiventris) e em morcegos (Chiropteros) provenientes de fragmentos florestais da região norte do Estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil. Sete de oito gambás de orelha branca (87.50%; CI 95%: 47, 35-99, 68%) foram considerados positivos para Mycoplasma spp. O sequenciamento do fragmento do gene 16S rRNA obtido apresentou 98.97% de similaridade com sequências de ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemodidelphis’ (AF178676) detectadas até o momento apenas nos Estados Unidos. Três gambás (37.50%; CI 95%: 8.52-75, 51%) estavam infestados por carrapatos da espécie Amblyomma dubitatum. Esse foi o primeiro relato de detecção de uma potencial nova espécie de micoplasma hemotrópico infectando gambás na América do Sul. Três espécies de morcegos foram identificadas, Artibeus lituratus (7/11, 63%), Carollia perspicillata (2/11, 18%) e Sturnira tildae (2/11, 18%). Apenas um/11 (0.9%; IC 95%) morcego (A. lituratus) foi positivo para Mycoplasma sp. O sequenciamento do fragmento do gene 16S rRNA obtido apresentou 99% de identidade com Mycoplasma sp. identificado em estudos prévios em Desmodus rotundus na América Central. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que esta potencial nova espécie de hemoplasma infecte morcegos hematófagos e não hematófagos na América Central e do Sul. Na análise do fragmento do gene 23S rRNA o Mycoplasma sp. detectado no presente estudo formou um clado com Mycoplasma sp. detectado em porcos espinhos (Sphiggurus villosus) provenientes do estado do Paraná.
Manajemen Sarana Prasarana Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di SD 004 BENGALON KUTAI TIMUR
Authors: Maulidiah amirul  , Fiifn naili rizkiyah
Published: August 2023

Manajemen Sarana Dan Prasarana Sekolah Ditinjau dari fungsi atau peranannya terhadap pelaksanaan proses belajar mengajar, maka sarana pendidikan (sarana material) dibedakan menjadi 3 macam : 1). Alatpelajaran, 2). Alatperaga 3). Media pengajaran. . Sedangkan pasaana pendidikan adalah bangunan sekolah dan alat perabot sekolah dalam penelitian ini menjelaskan Bagaimanakah perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi  Manajemen sarana dan prasarana dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SD. 004 Bengalon Kutai Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yakni sebuah penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati. Hasil Evaluasi Manajemen sarana dan prasarana dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SD.004 Bengalon Kutai Timur bahwa proses sarana prasarana di SD.004 Bengalon Kutai Timur dapat di ketahui bahwa sarana dan prasarana SD.004 Bengalon Kutai Timur sudah cukup dapat memfasilitasi seluruh personil di SD.004 Bengalon Kutai Timur
Peran Komite Madrasah Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di MI DDI Nurul Islam Timika Papua
Authors: Zunaida Laily , Huggy Nur hikmah Pratiwi
Published: August 2023

The idea of involving the community in the concept of the Madrasah Committee is an initiative in the context of advancing Madrasah, so that there is no perception that madrasah committee as the representative of parents and the community only gives a material contibution. Therefore, to carry out its roles and functions in achieving the quality of education, the madrasah committee must develop plans or programs in order to realize the goals that have been planned with madrasah.

This study aimed at describing the quality of education at MI DDI NURUL ISLAM Timika Papua, finding out the role of the madrasah committee in improving the quality of education at MI DDI NURUL ISLAM Timika Papua and also finding out what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for the madrasah committee in improving the quality of education at MI DDI NURUL Islam Timika Papua. The method used in this research is qualitative method with case sudy approach. The result of the research is that the madrasah committee has carried out its roles as Advisory Agency, Supporting Agency, Controlling Agency, and as Mediator (Executive). The Madrasah committe as Mediator (Executive) between the madrasah and the community is the most optimal role. This is due to the shared responsibility between the madrasah and the community as partners in building education. The supporting factors are the similarity in both vision and missions of the madrasah and the togetherness in planning programs of madrasah to improve the quality of education. Meanwhile, the obstacle is that madrasah committee has limited time due to busyness and this is the cause of the lack of coordination between the madrasah and the madrasah committee.
Rumah Baca Pustaka Bunda Haz Dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Membaca Masyakarat Dusun Genengan Kecamatan Sukorejo Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Mukarromah  , Aminah Lilik
Published: August 2023

This study aims to describe the role of Rumah Baca Pustaka Bunda HAZ in growing the Reading Interest of the Genengan Hamlet Community, Sukorejo District, Pasuruan Regency and its supporting and inhibiting factors. The type of research used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The results showed that the Bunda HAZ Library Reading House was a house containing various books and educational toys belonging to one of the residents who played a very important role in fostering public interest in reading. It was proven that before the Bunda HAZ Library Reading House, people did not think that reading was important. Even among children, reading only when at school and doing homework at home. The rest of the children play, watch television and cell phones. When Rumah Baca Pustaka Bunda HAZ was present in their midst by presenting a variety of interesting educational books and toys, some of them were enthusiastic to read. The supporting factors are facilities in the form of interesting educational books and toys, the comfort of the place and good service from the manager. While the inhibiting factor is the lack of guards so that service time is limited and the state conditions in the pandemic era limit visits to the Bunda HAZ Library Reading House.Keywords: Reading House, Interests, and Society.
CURRICULUM TRANSFORMATION FOR SANTRI IN RESPONSE TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT): LEADERS’ PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Muyassaroh
Published: August 2023

This study aims at examining Curriculum transformation for santri of pesantren institutions at Mifthul Ulum and Al-Bukhori Gondanglegi Malang in response to Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Based on qualitative method employed it is discovered that  these pesantren have conducted an adaptation process with ICT in the form of an administrative system such as payment of student fees, student data and lessons, procurement of training and workshops and the establishment of a separate ICT development unit, although there are still obstacles, especially in human resources. Meanwhile, what needs to be maintained is yellow as a medium with sorogan, bandongan, and deliberation as Islamic methods and values
PENINGKATAN MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INTERNASIONAL DARULLUGHAH WADDA'WAH
Authors: Alkaff Muhammad
Published: August 2023

The problem of the growth of young enterpreneurs in Indonesia is still a polemic that has not been clearly defined. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare potential next generation in the field pf entrepreneurship. In this preparatory agenda, entrepreneurship education in tertiary institutions will play a crucial role, apart from the influence of classmates in fostering student interest in entrepreneurship. This research method uses a quantitative approach with a casual perspective. The population in this study were all student of Darullughah Wadda’wah International Islamic University class of 2020/2021, totaling 951 students from 8 study programs. While the sampling technique in this study used the simple random sampling method, the number of wich was calculated using the slovin formula so that the number of samples was 100 respondents. The analysis technique used is structural equation modeling with AMOS program tools. The research results obtained in this study are (1) entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on the interest in entrepreneurship; (2) entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on social media influence of classmate; (3) social influence of classmate influences interest in entrepreneurship.
¿Pueden las Fuerzas Armadas ser garantes de la democracia?
Authors: Godoy Óscar
Published: August 2023

El autor sostiene que la crisis experimentada por el país en la década de 1970 es la causa de que se les haya atribuido a las Fuerzas Armadas un rol de garantes del orden institucional incompatible con un sistema democrático. Asimismo, como parte de tal función, expone la naturaleza y dimensiones del aparato constitucional que les confiere a las Fuerzas Armadas participación en las instituciones y procesos políticos del país. Junto con exponer la doctrina de los garantes en una democracia, se revisan los principales argumentos que se han dado para justificar la atribución de esa función a las Fuerzas Armadas: tradición de participación política de las Fuerzas Armadas chilenas; intervenciones militares de facto en el escenario político durante el presente siglo, y la consecuente necesidad de darles una vía de expresión jurídica a través de instituciones como los senadores designados y el Consejo de Seguridad Nacional. El autor propone que a partir de los esenciales constitucionales, que forman parte del consenso político básico, se puede establecer un orden lexicográfico de los distintos garantes del orden institucional chileno. En ese orden, las Fuerzas Armadas tienen un lugar distinto del que le asigna la actual Constitución.

 

En la publicación original, el autor agradeció los valiosos comentarios de Lucas Sierra a este trabajo.

Publicación original: Godoy, Ó. 1996. ¿Pueden las Fuerzas Armadas ser garantes de la democracia? Estudios Públicos 61, 269-307.
Anexo 3: Acuerdo de la Mesa de Diálogo sobre Derechos Humanos
Authors: Zalaquett José
Published: August 2023

Este Anexo recoge el Acuerdo de la Mesa de Diálogo sobre Derechos Humanos suscrito el 13 de junio de 2000 por un grupo de personalidades, incluyendo representantes de organizaciones de derechos humanos y de las FF.AA. Convocados por el presidente de la república, ellos acordaron un procedimiento destinado a hacer el mayor esfuerzo para ubicar los restos de los detenidos-desaparecidos. En el texto se consigna que hay hechos sobre los cuales “no cabe otra actitud legítima que el rechazo y la condena, así como la firme decisión de que no se repitan. Nos referimos a las graves violaciones a los derechos humanos en que incurrieron agentes de organizaciones del Estado durante el gobierno militar. Nos referimos también a la violencia política cometida por algunos opositores al régimen militar”. Las FF.AA. y Carabineros “se comprometen solemnemente a desarrollar, en un plazo de seis meses, desde que entre en vigencia la legislación que proponemos, los máximos esfuerzos posibles para obtener información útil para encontrar los restos de los detenidos-desaparecidos o establecer su destino”.

 

Suscribieron el Acuerdo: Víctor Aravena Neftalí (obispo Iglesia Metodista de Chile); Guillermo Blanco (premio Nacional de Periodismo); Jorge Carvajal (Gran Maestro de la Gran Logia de Chile); Jaime Castillo Velasco (presidente Comisión Chilena de Derechos Humanos); León Cohen (representante de la Comunidad Judía en Chile); José Ignacio Concha (general de Aviación, Fuerza Aérea de Chile); Mario Fernández Baeza (ministro de Defensa Nacional); Ángel Flisfisch (subsecretario de Marina); Luciano Fouillioux (exsubsecretario de Carabineros); Roberto Garretón (abogado); Felipe Howard (contralmirante, Armada de Chile); Elizabeth Lira (psicóloga); Jorge Manzi (coordinador de la Mesa de Diálogo); Pamela Pereira (abogada); José Reinaldo Ríos Cataldo (general de Carabineros, Carabineros de Chile); Héctor Salazar (abogado); Juan Carlos Salgado (brigadier general, Ejército de Chile); Gonzalo Sánchez (coordinador de la Mesa de Diálogo); Sol Serrano (historiadora); Claudio Teitelboim (premio Nacional de Ciencias); Sergio Valech (obispo auxiliar de Santiago); José Zalaquett (abogado, académico, consultor).

Publicación original: Estudios Públicos 2000. Acuerdo de la Mesa de Diálogo sobre Derechos Humanos. Estudios Públicos 79, 481-487.
La Mesa de Diálogo sobre Derechos Humanos y el proceso de transición política en Chile
Authors: Zalaquett José
Published: August 2023

Este artículo analiza el proceso de diálogo sobre derechos humanos que tuvo lugar en Chile entre agosto de 1999 y junio de 2000, por iniciativa del gobierno chileno y con la participación de militares, abogados de derechos humanos, académicos y dirigentes religiosos. Luego de referirse a las transiciones a la democracia, el autor hace un balance de logros e insuficiencias de las medidas sobre derechos humanos aplicadas en Chile desde 1990. Enseguida analiza la situación política chilena a partir de la detención del senador Augusto Pinochet en Londres, en 1998. En su parte central, el artículo examina los objetivos y metodología de la Mesa de Diálogo, los principales puntos de debate y los acuerdos alcanzados. Estos consisten en una proposición de mecanismos para encontrar la verdad sobre el paradero de los detenidos-desaparecidos y un reconocimiento de responsabilidades por la crisis política anterior a la dictadura, así como por las violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidas durante ella. El artículo concluye con un recuento de los pasos posteriores al acuerdo y con algunas consideraciones sobre los escenarios futuros.

 

Véase en esta misma edición el texto íntegro del Acuerdo suscrito por la Mesa de Diálogo (Anexo 3). Las entrevistas a la abogada Pamela Pereira y al brigadier general Juan Carlos Salgado, ambos integrantes de la Mesa de Diálogo, pueden verse en Estudios Públicos 79, 2000.

Publicación original: Zalaquett, J. 2000. La Mesa de Diálogo sobre Derechos Humanos y el proceso de transición política en Chile. Estudios Públicos 79, 5-30.
Cuba y nosotros
Authors: Edwards Jorge
Published: August 2023

No parecía, en sus primeras etapas, que la Revolución Cubana seguiría los modelos de represión intelectual de los países del bloque soviético. Cuarenta años después —advierte Jorge Edwards— no hay duda de que a poco andar hubo signos inquietantes y preclaros del rumbo que iban a tomar las cosas en la isla. ¿Cómo fue que los intelectuales y escritores de afuera, los de las capitales de la lengua española, los de París, no lo percataran? ¿Por qué el entusiasmo con el castrismo fue tan persistente, prolongado y resistente al análisis? El escritor chileno rememora en estas páginas episodios de su contacto directo e indirecto con el régimen castrista entre los años 1958, comienzos de la Revolución y 1974, cuando empieza a formarse, en torno a Octavio Paz y después a la revista Vuelta, un grupo de escritores, artistas e intelectuales iberoamericanos de tendencia liberal o socialdemócrata, en contraste con los sectores castristas y marxistas. La tajante división que devino en el mundo de la lengua española como manifestación de la Guerra Fría, todavía sobrevive de alguna manera y solo podrá terminar de verdad, a juicio de Edwards, cuando comience la transición cubana.
ARE WE THERE OR DO WE HAVE MORE TO DO? METAVERSE IN FACILITY MANAGEMENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Authors: El Jaouhari Asmae , Arif Jabir , Samadhiya Ashutosh , Kumar Anil , Trinkūnas Vaidotas
Published: August 2023

Businesses are eager to adopt new technologies such as augmented reality, blockchain, extended reality, and artificial intelligence, among others, as they see beneficial applications for strategic empowerment. As one of the technological disruptions, metaverse has caught the attention of the larger business community and facility management (FM) sector. In a world where various virtual realities converge, the hyper-connected digital universe known as the metaverse has the potential to fundamentally alter how FM and business interactions are conducted in the future. More people are spending time conducting business online, increasing the metaverse’s potential. Businesses are also making significant investments in the development of metaverse techniques. This study reviews the current literature to comprehend how metaverse techniques have shaped the building blocks of FM by looking at 206 papers. There is currently a dearth of functional metaverse research. This article aims to provide a thorough analysis of the integration of metaverse techniques for facility management. The review reveals several opportunities for further research into the FM-metaverse ecosystem, including improving data interoperability, enhancing the precision of point cloud data for as-built models of existing facilities, and producing efficient virtual property database integration.
Flora of Sango Bay and Minziro, two important plant areas on the Uganda/Tanzania
Authors: Luke Quentin , Vollesen Kaj , Festo Lenin , Beentje Henk , Kalema James , Richards Sophie L.
Published: August 2023

The flora of Sango Bay (Uganda) and Minziro (Tanzania) is discussed: these areas comprise the floodplain of a river, with a mixed vegetation influenced by a flat relief and relatively high moisture through regular flooding. Protection is only partial, which is of concern as the sites form an area of high biodiversity with high conservation value, and several rare and/or (near-)endemic plant species. Both areas are proposed as Important Plant Areas, and a checklist of plant species is provided.
Not in the countryside please! Investigating UK residents’ perceptions of an introduced species, the ring-necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri)
Authors: Pirzio Biroli Alessandro , Crowley Sarah L. , Siriwardena Gavin M. , Plummer Kate E. , Schroeder Julia , White Rachel L.
Published: August 2023

Wildlife management propositions can generate social conflict when stakeholder perceptions of the target species are not taken into account. Introduced Ring-necked Parakeets (RNP), which are  established in the UK, have been added to the ‘general licence’ of  birds that can be killed to prevent serious economic damage. We aim to better understand public perceptions of RNPs on a nationwide scale to mitigate potential future conflict over RNP management. We surveyed 3,947 UK residents to understand public awareness of, knowledge of and attitudes towards the RNP across the UK.

We found that most respondents (90.2%) were aware of the RNP. The majority of respondents knew the species’ name (54.9%) but many underestimated current population numbers in the UK (82.6%) and few knew its full native range (10.0%). Almost half (45.9%) of responses indicated negative attitudes towards the RNP. We found aversion towards the RNP’s presence in rural areas and indifference in urban areas, highlighting that landscape and socio-cultural contexts are associated with attitudes. Respondent preference for the RNP in relation to other birds in their local neighbourhood was low (7.8%), contrasting with previous RNP perception studies. Conversely, most respondents (83.0%) agreed that the RNP had pleasant aesthetics , suggesting nuanced views that separate appearance from impacts. We identified respondents’ preference for the RNP, ecological interest, age and education as significant factors associated with perceptions.

The RNP has a strong and complex public profile in the UK, and these perceptions and their drivers would be important factors in the popularity and success of any proposed management initiatives.
Mitochondrial genomes of Meghimatium bilineatum and Succinea arundinetorum provide insight into the gene order rearrangement within Stylommatophora (Gastropoda, Panpulmonata)
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhu Ying , Yu Chen , Sun Xiaoli , Ji Qiuting , Tang Jun , Liu Bobin , Sun Zijun , Liu Qiuning , Tang Boping , Chen Lianfu , Zhang Daizhen
Published: August 2023

In this study, we report the whole mitochondrial genomes of two species, Meghimatium bilineatum and Succinea arundinetorum, which belong to Stylommatophora, one of the most abundant orders of Gastropoda. The total sizes of M. bilineatum and S. arundinetorum mitogenomes are 14,352 bp and 15,282 bp, with surprisingly biased proportions of A+T contents that reach to 72.1% and 76.78%, respectively. The protein coding genes (PCGs) in two mitogenomes show negative AT skew values and evolved primarily under purifying selection. Compared with the ancestor of stylommatophora, the mitochondrial genes of M. bilineatum exhibited multiple rearrangement events while the mitochondrial genes of S. arundinetorum showed only minor differences. Moreover, the order of PCGs were conserved while the tRNA genes showed high frequency of rearrangement among the stylommatophoran species, suggesting that the latter could be one of the major driving forces of mitogenomic evolution in terrestrial molluska species. Our research lays a theoretical foundation for investigating the evolution and divergence of mitochondrial genes and provides valuable resources for studying evolutionary genetics in stylommatophoran species.
Checklist of digeneans (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda, Digenea) of Georgia
Authors: Arabuli Lela , Murvanidze Lali , Faltynkova Anna , Mumladze Levan
Published: August 2023

In the present study, we aim to provide an inventory of digenetic trematodes (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda, Digenea) from Georgia including possibly all records available from the freshwater, marine and terrestrial realms. The checklist is based on a critical review of data from 109 papers, 11 monographs and four Ph.D. theses published between 1935 and 2019 and our new records. The checklist includes information on synonymy, the host species, site of infection, geographical distribution, and bibliographical references. The present data will serve as a baseline for further studies on trematodes from Georgia focused on integrative taxonomy, life-cycle elucidation, parasite ecology and epidemiology.

We compiled data on the digenean trematode fauna of Georgia, which is represented by 186 species (out of these 173 identified to species level) belonging to 108 genera and 48 families. This is the first checklist of the digeneans of Georgia. The majority of digenean species were recorded as adults (160 species), only a small part was found as cercariae (33 species) or metacercariae (24 species), in their first or second intermediate hosts, respectively. Predominantly records of trematodes (62 species) from birds were found, followed by those parasitizing fish (50 species, i.e 32 species as adults and 18 as metacercariae), mammals (33 species) and amphibians (25 species, i.e 23 species as adults and 2 as metacercariae), with the least number of species reported from reptiles (12 species, i.e 9 species as adults and 3 as metacercariae). Adult digeneans recorded together with another life-cycle stage (metacercariae and/or cercariae) comprised 28 species, i.e. for 15% of the total trematode species number a part of their life-cycle is known.
Sociocultural and Economic Disparities in Physical Therapy Utilization Among Insured Older Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lane Chris Y. , Lo Derrick , Thoma Louise M. , Zhang Tingting , Varma Hiren , Dalal Deepan S. , Baker Tamara A. , Shireman Theresa I.
Published: August 2023

Objective

To examine influences of sociocultural and economic determinants on physical therapy (PT) utilization for older adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

In these annual cross-sectional analyses between 2012 and 2016, we accessed Medicare enrollment data and fee-for-service claims. The cohort included Medicare beneficiaries with RA based on 3 diagnosis codes or 2 codes plus a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug medication claim. We defined race and ethnicity and dual Medicare/Medicaid coverage (proxy for income) using enrollment data. Adults with a Current Procedural Terminology code for PT evaluation were classified as utilizing PT services. Associations between race and ethnicity and dual coverage and PT utilization were estimated with logistic regression analyses. Potential interactions between race and ethnicity status and dual coverage were tested using interaction terms.

Results

Of 106,470 adults with RA (75.1% female; aged 75.8 [SD 7.3] years; 83.9% identified as non-Hispanic White, 8.8% as non-Hispanic Black, 7.2% as Hispanic), 9.6-12.5% used PT in a given year. Non-Hispanic Black (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.73-0.82) and Hispanic (aOR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.98) individuals had lower odds of PT utilization than non-Hispanic White individuals. Adults with dual coverage (lower income) had lower odds of utilization than adults with Medicare only (aOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.43-0.46). There were no significant interactions between race and ethnicity status and dual coverage on utilization.

Conclusion

We found sociocultural and economic disparities in PT utilization in older adults with RA. We must identify and address the underlying factors that influence these disparities in order to mitigate them.
Can Early Aggressive Treatment of Psoriasis Prevent Psoriatic Arthritis? A Debate at the GRAPPA Annual Meeting
Authors: Soriano Enrique R. , Ogdie Alexis
Published: August 2023

In recent years, a number of studies have examined risk factors for development of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) among patients with PsO. Most recently, 5 studies have examined the effect of biologic therapy on the development of PsA. However, the results have been mixed, with 3 studies suggesting a lower risk for PsA among those using a biologic therapy and 2 suggesting a higher risk for PsA. At the 2022 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) meeting, Drs. Enrique Soriano and Alexis Ogdie conducted a debate to discuss the arguments for and against the use of biologic therapies in PsO for the purpose of preventing PsA.
Evidence-Based Practice Among Psychiatric Nurses: Knowledge, Attitudes, Organizational Readiness, Levels of Implementation, and Barriers and Facilitators
Authors: Ezeruigbo Chinwe Florence Samantha
Published: August 2023

The current study examined psychiatric nurses' views, knowledge, attitudes, organizational readiness, levels of evidence-based practice (EBP), as well as barriers and facilitators to EBP in a Nigerian tertiary neuropsychiatric hospital. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive research approach. Structured questionnaires were administered to all psychiatric nurses (
N
= 131) at the hospital. Results showed that psychiatric nurses had an acceptable degree of EBP knowledge and a positive attitude toward EBP. Levels of EBP implementation were below average, and organizational culture and preparation for EBP were moderate. Participants reported a moderate degree of barriers to EBP adoption (mean = 40.08,
SD
= 9.63), and a high level of assertion to positive facilitators of EBP (mean = 19.88,
SD
= 4.16). Findings show that although most psychiatric nurses had adequate knowledge and good attitudes toward EBP, certain barriers prevented its application. Thus, there is a need for a policy framework to mitigate existing barriers and improve EBP facilitators in psychiatric nursing practices in Nigeria to improve productivity measures. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(9), 47–55.]
Teacher’s Perceptions of STEM Education at the Primary Level in Morocco
Authors: Lechhab Abdelhamid , Benqassou Issam , El-Hars Fouad , Chekour Mohammed , Hafid Moulay Mustapha
Published: August 2023

STEM education is critical in developing students' interest in science and technology. Primary schools establish the groundwork by teaching fundamental technology ideas. Digital programs are favored over old paper-based approaches in response to current demands. The essential objective of this research is to show how information and communication technology (ICT) can improve the quality of teaching, learning, and motivation among primary school students. A questionnaire has been sent to 80 teachers at elementary schools, and a quantitative methodology was utilized to examine their thoughts. As an evaluation instrument, an eight-question quiz has been utilized to assess the usefulness and significance of ICT in promoting active and autonomous learning, resulting in creating a student-centered education approach. According to the research, the majority of teachers support the use of ICT as an of use pedagogical tool that fosters a proactive learning culture in young learners.
The Effect of Using Electronic Assessment Based on Mobile-Installed Programs to Measure Students' Tolerance and Discipline Characteristics on Jordanian Teachers
Authors: Alzubi Khaled Ahmed Aqeel
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to explore the response of teachers in Jordan to the Electronic assessment based on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers based on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers based on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers of students' personality (discipline and tolerance) in Three schools that were selected to apply the electronic assessment to them in the city of Amman for the first semester of the academic year 2022/2023. This study relied on quantitative data in addition to qualitative data. As for the research sample, it was taken intentionally and consisted of (110) students. Data was collected through a Tukey HSD questionnaire and test. Quantitative data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, while qualitative data were processed using the Miles and Huberman technique. The The The results of the study reached through the research process of the study reached through the research process of the study showed that the response to the use of electronic assessment based on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers based   on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers based   on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers among teachers was very good. And now the use of Electronic assessment based on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers based   on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers based   on software installed on cellular devices, mobiles, laptops and computers developed the educational process.
An Efficient System for Diagnosis of Human Blindness Using Image-Processing and Machine-Learning Methods
Authors: Alomari Saleh Ali
Published: August 2023

The two main causes of blindness are diabetes and glaucoma. Routine diagnosis of blindness is based on the conventional robust mass-screening method. However, despite being cost-effective, this method has some problems as a human eye-disease detection method because there are many types of eye disease that are similar or that result in no visual changes in the eye image. These issues make it highly difficult to recognize blindness and control it. Moreover, the color of the macula of the spot can be very close to that of the affected macula in a variety of eye diseases, which suggests that the color of the macula spot can indicate various possibilities, rather than one. This paper discusses the shortcomings of current blindness-screening and monitoring systems and presents a feature-based blindness diagnosis approach using digital eye fundus images for the purpose of automated diagnosis of eye disorders, considering three conditions: healthy eye, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma. As such, this paper develops a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) method for automated detection of human blindness. The proposed approach integrates Gabor filter features, statistical features, colored features, morphological features, and local binary pattern features, then compares them with features drawn from a standard dataset of 1580 fundus images. Several classification techniques were applied to the extracted-features neural network (NN), support vector machine (SVM), naïve bias (NB). SVM classifiers show the most promising accuracy. They achieved 93.3% over the other classifiers.
End-to-End Speaker Profiling Using 1D CNN Architectures and Filter Bank Initialization
Authors: Jaid Umniah Hameed , AbdulHassan Alia
Published: August 2023

The automatic estimation of speaker characteristics, such as height, age, and gender, has various applications in forensics, surveillance, customer service, and many human-robot interaction applications. These applications are often required to produce a response promptly. This work proposes a novel approach to speaker profiling by combining filter bank initializations, such as continuous wavelets and gammatone filter banks, with one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural networks (CNN) and residual blocks. The proposed end-to-end model goes from the raw waveform to an estimated height, age, and gender of the speaker by learning speaker representation directly from the audio signal without relying on handcrafted and pre-computed acoustic features. The conducted experiments on the TIMIT dataset show that the proposed approach outperforms many previous studies on speaker profiling with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 5.18 and 4.91 cm in height estimation and MAE of 5.36 and 6.07 years in age estimation for males and females, respectively, and achieving an accuracy of 99.98% in gender prediction.