bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐96: Autostereoscopic Three‐dimensional Display Based on Sparse Lenticular Lens Sheet
Authors: Li Chun-Jiang , Gu Sheng-Xue , Zhao Wu-Xiang , Wang Qiong-Hua
Published: June 2017

Crosstalk is a primary factor in effecting the image quality of stereoscopic three dimensional (3D) displays. In this paper, we propose an autostereoscopic three‐dimensional (3D) display based on a sparse lenticular lens to reduce crosstalk and improve stereoscopic image quality. The sparse lenticular lens sheet includes a lenticular lens sheet and a light‐proof stripe array. To illustrate the superiority of the proposed display, a prototype is developed. The luminance distribution of each viewpoint at the optimum distance is measured. The results show that the proposed autostereoscopic 3D display presents clearer stereoscopic images and lower crosstalk compared with the conventional one.
P‐114: Non‐Doped White Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells Employing Plasmonic Notch Filters
Authors: Lee Hsiao-Chin , Lin Chia-Ching , Yao Yung-Chi , Sarma Monima , Su Hai-Ching , Yang Zu-Po , Lee Ya-Ju , Wong Ken-Tsung
Published: June 2017

White light‐emitting electrochemical cells employing integrated plasmonic notch filter to tailor the electroluminescence spectrum of non‐doped blue‐green emissive material are demonstrated. The plasmonic notch filter is composed of randomly distributed silver nanoparticles embedded in the indium‐tin‐oxide anode contact, which is compatible with well developed technologies used in light‐emitting diode industry.
P‐118: Nanoscale Gratings Induced Enhancement of Self‐assembly Quantum Rods Polarization
Authors: Chen Wei , Yu Bo , Chen Yulong , Wang Kai , Cheng Xing
Published: June 2017

Nanoscale gratings was employed in this work to align the quantum rods (QRs) by self‐assembly and the preliminary results showed a polarization degree up to 35%. The gratings on silicon had 100nm for both spacing and line width which was comparable to the length of the synthesized QRs (average length=82nm). The QRs aspect ratio has reached up to 1:12 which was ideal for QRs alignment along the channel. The alignment was assisted by solvent evaporation during the self‐assembly process.
P‐121: Sub‐micrometre Phosphor Preparation for Next Generation Displays
Authors: Fern George R. , Harris Paul G. , Ireland Terry G. , Silver Jack
Published: June 2017

A method for preparing sub‐micrometre phosphor particles is discussed in relation to the physical and electronic properties and it is shown that the particle size of less than 1um has significant luminous efficacy.
P‐128: Stress Absorbing LTPS‐TFT for Highly Flexible AMOLED
Authors: Chen Wei-Han , Hsieh Meng-Che , Wang Terry Tai-Jui , Chang Tsu-Chiang , Yang Meng-Jung , Su Bo-Yuan , Yeh Yung-Hui , Ho Jia-Chong , Chen Glory , Tsai Chen-Chu , Lee Cheng-Chung
Published: June 2017

Low temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) TFT with stress‐absorbing (SA) structure for reducing the strain on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate was successfully developed and demonstrated. It shows a good flexible TFT performance even under the bending radius of 2 mm for 100,000 bending times.
P‐167: A High Transmittance Blue‐Phase Liquid Crystal Display with Opposite Polar Electrodes
Authors: Li Gui-Peng , Dou Hu , Wang Qiong-Hua
Published: June 2017

A high transmittance blue‐phase liquid crystal display with
opposite polar electrodes is proposed. We use in‐plane and
fringe switching electrodes on the etched substrates. As a result,
a high transmittance ~93% and low operating voltage ~4V can
be obtained. Moreover, a wide viewing angle is achieved.
P‐135: Dickson Charge Pumps Made of Indium‐Gallium‐Zinc‐Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors on Foil‐Substrates
Authors: Schimpf Simon , Baur Holger , Fruehauf Norbert
Published: June 2017

We present Dickson charge pumps made of bottom gate staggered oxide TFTs manufactured on plastic foil substrates. Therefore, new processes for vias and line crossings with anodically oxidized dielectrics were developed and introduced to an existing low temperature process for metal‐oxide thin film transistors. A flexible electronic paper display was realized to show possible applications.
P‐138: A New Active‐Matrix‐Like Driving Technology of Floating Metal Ball Actuator Display without Transistors
Authors: Jo Jae-Hee , Lee Dong-gun , Kim Min-Koo , Lee Seung-Woo
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we propose a novel driving technique that can be used for active‐matrix operation without using transistors. A new display using floating metal ball actuators can operate in two types of display modes such as reflective and transmissive modes (or emissive). We propose a new driving scheme without any oscillation and delay. We confirm through experiments that transistor‐free operation is possible.
P‐227: Late‐News Poster: Topology‐enhanced Electro‐optical Performance of Reverse‐mode Polymer Stabilized Cholesteric Shutters for Volumetric 3D Devices
Authors: Joshi Vinay , Groom Merrill , Chien Liang-Chy
Published: June 2017

Topology‐enhanced electro‐optic performance of reverse‐mode polymer stabilized cholesteric shutters (R‐PSCT) with mixture of two reactive monomers, is experimentally demonstrated. Significantly distinct morphology of polymer network generated by two reactive monomers provides a unique combination of high optical contrast and low driving voltage along with excellent electromechanical stability that ensures longer life time of the shutters without any loss in electro‐optical performance, which has been main concern in R‐PSCT shutters. We demonstrate a R‐PSCT with optimum composition of reactive monomer mixture for electro‐mechanically sustained polymer network with 150K switching cycles for its application in optical shutters used in volumetric 3D devices.
P‐184: Numerical Analysis of QCW‐Laser‐Based Spot‐Beam Crystallization of Si Films
Authors: Pan Wenkai , Song Ruobing , Suresh Akhilesh K. , Wong Vernon K. , Yu Miao , Choi Insung , Im James S.
Published: June 2017

We are in the process of developing a new laser annealing method referred to as Spot‐Beam Crystallization (SBC). The SBC method, which is potentially well suited for manufacturing advanced ultra‐high‐resolution AMOLED displays, is most effectively implemented using ultra‐high‐frequency quasi‐continuous‐wave (QCW) pulsed lasers. Conceptually and physically, this QCW‐laser‐based SBC (Q SBC) approach builds on a thermally additive utilization of multiple short‐lived ultra‐high‐frequency pulses, achieved via overlapped scanning of a small spot beam to incrementally and gradually heat and melt the beam‐irradiated region. Using an updated version of a previously developed numerical program, we have carried out a simulation‐based investigation to quantitatively examine and evaluate the basic tenets of the approach relevant specifically to partial‐melting‐based “ELA‐like” crystallization of small‐columnar‐grained polycrystalline Si films using the Q‐SBC method. The results from the effort to date as reported in this paper (1) largely confirm and validate the viability of the Q‐SBC approach, and (2) suggest some specific directions for optimal development of the Q‐SBC equipment and process.
P‐141: Phantom Array Effect of LED Lighting
Authors: Wang Lili , Tu Yan , Liu Lu , Wang Junxin , Perz Malgorzata , Teunissen Kees
Published: June 2017

This paper studies the influence of the LED modulation frequency and eye saccade amplitude on the visibility of the phantom array effect. Results show that the phantom array effect becomes invisible at 3000 Hz. Besides, visibility thresholds at lower frequencies were not influenced by saccade amplitudes (20° and 40°).
P‐152: Distinguished Student Poster: Alignment of Liquid Crystals on Ion‐Beam‐Spurted Graphene‐oxide Thin Layers
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: June 2017

Alignment of liquid crystals (LC) sandwiched between ion‐beam
(IB)‐spurted graphene‐oxide (GO) thin layers is presented in this
manuscript. LC alignment is found sensitive to the direction and
acceleration energy of spurted IB, and IB accelerated with a 45°
incident angle is the most suitable and effective to align LC at the
lowest acceleration energy. Generated Chemical radicals on GO
thin layers during IB spurting process are responsible for the
alignment of LC, which were also confirmed by the chemical
information variation in XPS spectra. The increased LC anchoring
on GO thin layers generated by spurted IB was also confirmed by
the measured anchoring energies of LC on GO thin layers. LC
sandwiched between IB‐spurted GO thin layers also present
competitive switching performances.
P‐156: One Step Stabilized Azo Dye Photoalignment for Mass Production
Authors: Meng Cuiling , Tseng Man-Chun , Srivastava Abhishek K. , Chigrinov V. G. , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: June 2017

A novel azo dye stabilization method was presented that only
requires single‐shot UV light exposure. The proposed
photoalignment layer offers highly acceptable thermal and
photo‐stability, as well as low pre‐tilt angle (0.2°) and low image
sticking (1.01). Also, high VHR (99%) and low RDC (<10mV)
comparable to that of PI rubbing have been achieved.
Furthermore, the ability of multi‐domain alignment has been
demonstrated that shows a great potential in a wide range of
electro‐optical devices.
P‐196: High Efficiency Blue Phosphorescence Organic Light Emitting Device with Novel CbzBZ host
Authors: Lin Chi-Feng , Lin Guan-Ting , Chan Shu-Yun , Leung Man-Kit , Chiu Tien-Lung , Lee Jiun-Haw
Published: June 2017

The high efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting device with the wide bandgap host material CbzBZ as the host material and bis[2‐(4,6‐difluorophenyl)pyridinato‐C2,N](picolinato)iridium(III) (FIrpic) as blue emitter was demonstrated. After the adjustment of FIrpic doping ratio and thickness of emitting layer, the optimums device showed the current efficiency of 61.05 cd/A, power efficiency of 63.51 lm/W, and EQE over 28%.
P‐160: Optical Study of Biaxial Nematic Bent Core Liquid Crystal for Wide Viewing Angle Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Kim Jongyoon , Lee Ji-Hoon
Published: June 2017

The biaxial property of bent core liquid crystal (LC) can be an ideal
solution for wide viewing angle liquid crystal display (LCD). We
investigated the viewing angle property of the LCD with biaxial
nematic (Nb) and uniaxial nematic (Nu) LC using Extended Jones
Matrix method and compared each LCD.
P‐235L: Late‐News Poster: Analysis of Using Scattering Particles to Eliminate Reflective Diffraction and Keep Image Sharpness for OLED Displays
Authors: Wu Chi-Chieh , Qin Zong , Huang Yi-Pai , Shieh Han-Ping D.
Published: June 2017

To eliminate diffraction in reflected ambient images of OLED display, a scattering film is applied, whose threshold haze and transmittance that can make diffraction imperceptible is calculated based on contrast sensitivity function. Also, the maximum distance between the scattering film and OLED that can make image quality beyond certain MTF criterion is determined for different resolutions.
P‐205: Highly Sensitive Touch Panel Technology for Foldable AMOLED
Authors: Chen Heng-Yin , Lu Yi-Chuan , Chang Kai-Ming , Yeh Yung-Hui , Chen Kuang-Jung
Published: June 2017

This paper described a touch pattern design and de‐noise system integration for the foldable AMOLED display. We solved the interference caused by the small gap distance between touch sensor and the AMOLED cathode. A handheld foldable on‐cell touch AMOLED prototype was demonstrated. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is 27.4dB and a high‐quality touch experience.
A spectroscopic study of leak failures in cross‐linked polyethylene tubing used in domestic water supply systems
Authors: Walzak Mary Jane , Stewart McIntyre N. , Manuel Uy O.
Published: June 2017

Recent leak failures in cross‐linked polyethylene tubing from several US locations have been studied using microscopy and microscopic spectroscopy. Such failures compromise the use of a material that has been regarded as more environmentally sustainable. The failures appear to be the result of local chemical attack by aqueous chlorine that reacts with the polymer, leading to its oxidation, decrystallization and expansion of its volume. This creates stress fields that lead to chemically induced cracking of the polymer and, eventually, failure of the tubing. Each failure studied in this work was found to be associated with a micro‐protrusion in the inside diameter of the tubes; it is proposed that turbulence in the water flow behind the protrusion may accelerate local mechanical and chemical attack of the polyethylene tubing. A simple inspection method is suggested to detect the presence of such protrusions before installation of the tubing. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stigmatized Identities: Too Muslim to Be American, Too American to Be Muslim
Authors: Casey Patrick Michael
Published: June 2017

In the United States today, Muslim identity is highly stigmatized. Much of this can be attributed to an increasing climate of Islamophobia. The current study finds that some Muslim Americans are confronted with another source of stigma: other Muslims. Using interview data with 23 Muslim Americans in and around Houston, TX, this study examines the intersection of religious out‐group and in‐group stigma in the lives of Muslim Americans. Findings suggest that stigma comes not only from non‐Muslims, but also from other Muslims. Some Muslim Americans are especially vulnerable to religious in‐group stigma. Those who are most acculturated to non‐Muslim, Western culture often face criticism from Muslim communities, be they inside or outside the United States. These Muslim Americans find that they are not perceived as fully Muslim or fully American, and therefore denied the full benefits of either status while simultaneously bearing the burden of both. This paper articulates the multiple dimensions of stigma faced by Muslims in America.
Preservice Teachers’ Developing Conceptions of Teaching English Learners
Authors: Kelly Laura Beth
Published: June 2017

In this study, 12 preservice teachers in a community college English as a second language (ESL) K–12 teacher education program drew pictures and wrote descriptions of teachers teaching English language learners (ELLs) at the beginning and end of an ESL methods course. Using content analysis, the researcher analyzed the drawings and descriptions with respect to the role of the teacher, the role of the students, the teaching strategies shown, the instructional content, and how the drawings changed over the semester. Preservice teachers depicted more and varied teaching strategies in end‐of‐course drawings, but overall findings showed that preservice teachers viewed teaching ELLs as a teacher implementing direct instruction in basic literacy to passive students at both the beginning and end of the course. The article discusses the importance of impacting preservice teacher beliefs through teacher education and explores the benefits and limits of using drawings for this purpose.
Magical thinking and decision‐making strategies among late adolescent regular gamblers: A mediation model
Authors: Passanisi Alessia , Craparo Giuseppe , Pace Ugo
Published: June 2017

In the present study, the relation between the tendency to seek supernatural connections between external events and one's own thoughts, words, and actions and gambling among late adolescents has been studied. Psychologists have called this tendency magical thinking. The principal aim of the present study was to test the fit of an explanatory model of risk that starts from magical thinking and passes through maladaptive decision‐making strategies, culminating with pathological gambling. Two hundred twenty‐two Italian late adolescents, regularly attending bingo halls, aged between 19 and 21 years, completed measures on magical thinking, decision‐making strategies, and gambling. Results highlight that young adults adopting dysfunctional modes of thought (i.e. magical thinking) tend to engage with maladaptive styles of decision‐making that predispose them to gamble.
Fashion literature collection development at Stockholm University Library
Authors: Roberts Maud
Published: June 2017

The Centre for Fashion Studies was established at Stockholm University in Sweden, in July 2006 through a generous donation from the Erling Persson Family Foundation, connected to clothing manufacturer H&M.

Fashion Studies at Stockholm University is an independent, theoretical discipline with an interdisciplinary approach looking at the past, present and future, and it includes different areas of critical discourse within the humanities and social sciences. Stockholm University Library plays a key role in research and education conducted at the university, and the library works in close collaboration with all disciplines to provide adequate support to researchers and students in a rapidly changing information society. In this article I will focus on and describe the process of acquiring fashion literature at Stockholm University Library from 2006–2013.
P.018 Minimally invasive endoscopic evacuation of intraparenchymal hematomas, a single centre experience
Authors: Deis NP , Ryan R , Pham A
Published: June 2017

Background: Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) suffer significant morbidity and mortality with lengthy critical care and hospital stays. Minimally invasive techniques for ICH removal have shown a positive relationship between hemorrhage volume reduction and patient outcome. We describe our single centre experience with endoscopic assisted, neuronavigation guided ICH evacuation using the Apollo system. Methods: Patients with ICH treated with the Apollo system since October 2014 were included in this retrospective review. ICH volume, clot reduction, midline shift, ICU and hospital length of stay, discharge disposition and last known functional outcome were assessed. Results: 58 patients were treated, mean age 54.1 years. Starting clot volume was 55.1±30.5cc, which was reduced to 10.2±12cc post-operatively, an average reduction of 80.6±25%. Midline shift improved from 7.1±4.5mm to 4.4±3.2mm. Length of ICU stay was 10.2±7.6 days. Covariate analysis showed greater relative reduction in ICH volume correlated with shorter ICU stay (p=0.01). In-hospital mortality was 27.3%; 29.1% of patients were discharged home either form hospital directly, or after a period of short-stay rehab. Conclusions: Significant hematoma volume reduction and improvement in midline shift is possible with the Apollo system. Degree of reduction of hematoma volume was associated with a shorter ICU Stay. Randomized controlled studies will be required to determine long term clinical benefit.
P.020 A novel scale for describing visual outcomes in patients following resection of lesions affecting the optic apparatus – Unified Visual Function Scale
Authors: Makarenko S , Ye V , Akagami R
Published: June 2017

Background: Historically, description of patient visual acuity and visual field changes following intracranial procedures has been very rudimentary. Clinicians and researchers have relied on the use of vague descriptions like “improved”, “worsened”, and “unchanged” to describe outcomes following resections of tumours affecting the optic apparatus, which are difficult to quantify in a clinical setting. Methods: We present a novel way to describe a patient’s visual function as a combination of visual acuity and visual field assessment that is simple to use and can be used by surgeons, and researchers to gauge visual outcomes following tumour resection. Results: With our scale we were able to capture the overall visual change while being sensitive enough to define the overall quantity of improvement or worsening quantitatively, using categories that are clinically relevant and understandable. Conclusions: The implementation of pre- and post- operative assessment provides clinically relevant information for surgeons and is robust for routine use.
P.026 Acute lower limb spasticity: Stiff person syndrome responsive to immunomodulatory therapy in an adolescent female
Authors: Ogilvie R , Kolski H
Published: June 2017

Background: Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare disorder presenting with progressive stiffness and spasms of the musculature of the trunk and limbs. SPS is reported very rarely in children and adolescents, with 5 cases over 25 years in a recent 99 patient cohort. Methods: Case Study Results: Herein we report a 15 year old female, presenting with acute onset of rapidly progressive spasticity of the lower extremities. Initial exam was remarkable for markedly limited left knee range of motion, in addition to asymmetrical knee spastic catch and hyper-reflexia. EMG revealed almost continuous motor unit activity which dissipated with voluntary muscle contraction. Diagnosis was confirmed by high titres of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) antibodies >25,000 units/ml. The patient was initially treated with IVIG, baclofen, and diazepam followed by IV methylprednisolone, with mild subjective improvements. One day following the first rituximab treatment, she achieved spontaneous knee flexion and regained the ability to ambulate independently. There is a residual spastic catch at the knees. Conclusions: This case highlights that SPS, albeit extremely rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acquired spasticity in children. Also noteworthy is the relatively rapid resumption of function with aggressive immunomodulatory treatments in this historically devastating disorder.
P.027 Comparative effectiveness of flexible vs. rigid neuroendoscopy for ETV/CPC: a propensity score matched cohort and survival analysis
Authors: Wang S , Stone S , Weil AG , Fallah A , Warf BC , Ragheb J , Bhatia S , Kulkarni AV
Published: June 2017

Background: ETV/CPC has become an increasingly common technique for the treatment of infant hydrocephalus. Both flexible and rigid neuroendoscopy can be used, with little empirical evidence directly comparing the two. We, therefore, used a propensity-matched cohort and survival analysis to assess the comparative efficacy of flexible and rigid neuroendoscopy. Methods: Individual data were collected through retrospective review of infants < 2 years of age, treated at one of 2 hospitals: 1) Boston Children’s Hospital, exclusively utilizing flexible neuroendoscopy, and 2) Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, exclusively utilizing rigid neuroendoscopy. Patient characteristics and post-operative outcome were assessed. A propensity score (PS) model was developed to balance patient characteristics in the case mix. Results: A PS model was developed with 5 independent variables: chronological age, sex, hydrocephalus etiology, prior CSF diversion, and prepontine scarring. PS analysis revealed that compared to flexible neuroendoscopy, rigid neuroendoscopy had an ETV/CPC failure OR of 1.43 and 1.31 respectively, compared to unadjusted OR of 2.40. Furthermore, in a Cox regression analysis controlled by propensity score, rigid neuroendoscopy had a HR of 1.10, compared to unadjusted HR of 1.61. Conclusions: Much of the difference in ETV/CPC outcome between endoscopy types is attributed to the case mix. An observational study or randomized controlled trial is required to provide evidence-based guidelines.
P.043 Presence of infiltrative glioblastoma cells in an isolated area of diffusion restriction
Authors: Clarke B , Schmidt MH , Pickett GE
Published: June 2017

Background: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has useful diagnostic and predictive value in the assessment of glial tumors. Most studies evaluating the use of DWI in glioblastomas have done so in regions that overlap with abnormal T2/fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal or contrast enhancement. Isolated DWI abnormalities, which do not overlap with contrast enhancing lesions, are less commonly described. Their relationship with the tumour, and implications for prognosis, are not well understood, though it has been speculated that these lesions may represent infiltrative tumour cells. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case where the presence of infiltrative tumour cells in an area of diffusion restriction has been confirmed via biopsy. Methods: A ring enhancing lesion and isolated DWI hyperintensity from a newly diagnosed patient were biopsied separately. Results: Pathological specimens from both targets were identified as glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV), negative for IDH-1 R132H mutation, with methylated MGMT promoter. Conclusions: In patients with glioblastoma, DWI hyperintensities distant from areas of abnormal T2/FLAIR or contrast enhancement can contain infiltrative tumour cells. The presence of isolated diffusion restriction may be a useful predictor of disease progression and prognosis but further investigation into the nature and behavior of isolated DWI lesions is required.
P.044 Prospective clinical detection of 2-hydroxyglutarate to predict IDH-mutant gliomas using magnetic resonance spectroscopy: preliminary results
Authors: Taccone MS , Nguyen TB , Woulfe J , Moldovan I , Melkus G , Cameron IG , AlKherayf F
Published: June 2017

Background: With the advent of the 2016 WHO classification of tumours, prognostically distinct subclasses of glioma have been revealed. A subset of gliomas which harbor the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation have a survival advantage. 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is a byproduct of faulty IDH metabolism in IDH mutants making it an ideal tumour biomarker. Since pre-operative detection of this metabolite using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may yield valuable information for the neurosurgeon, we undertook the first Canadian utility study to detect 2-HG via MRS. Methods: We will recruit 150 patients presenting with a newly suspected glioma. All patients will undergo MRS scans for 2-HG pre-operatively and the neuropathologist will determine IDH status post-operatively based on immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. Pre-operative detection of 2-HG will be compared to post-operative IDH status. Results: To date, of 34 eligible subjects, 29 have glioma determined by pathology. Seven of these were IDH-mutant positive by pathology, of which 3 were detected by MRS. One glioma positive for 2-HG on MRS turned out to be IDH mutant negative on pathology. Conclusions: Prospective detection of 2-HG via MRS is feasible in the clinical setting. Additional subjects as well as refinement of our MRS protocol may yield higher sensitivity and specificity of this novel and clinically relevant diagnostic tool.
P.046 Multiple intracranial mycotic aneurysms and management dilemma in postinterventional cerebral vasospasm: a case report
Authors: Al Jishi AA , Takroni R , Whittingham H , Meade M , Freitag A , Van Adel B
Published: June 2017

Background: Intracranial mycotic aneurysms are rare forms of vascular abnormalities. They are typically fragile and have high tendency to bleed. Even when they are successfully secured upon intervention, the medical management can be challenging in presence of other non-ruptured aneurysms and concomitant cerebral vasospasm. Methods: A 31 year old female was admitted with right sided large intracerebral hemorrhage due to ruptured mycotic MCA aneurysm. She was also known with severe tricuspid regurgitation from drug abuse. Others aneurysms were also located intracranially and extracranially, including subclavian and renal arteries. Results: The MCA aneurysm was successfully clipped during decompressive craniectomy. The non-ruptured left ACA aneurysm was occluded through endovascular intervention. Due to cardiac condition and presence of other non-secured extarcranial aneurysms, we followed the MNI protocol for treating cerebral vasospsam by milrinone infusion. The treatment was successful for over three weeks until another micro-aneurysm had ruptured which had lead to severe and rapid clinical deterioration, that had lead eventually to death. Conclusions: Intracranial mycotic aneurysms remain challenging. Patients should be selected for surgical clipping versus endovascular intervention based on clinical state and radiological features. We suggest using milrinone over induced hypertension therapy for post-intervention cerebral vasospasm in order to lower the risk for rupturing non-secured aneurysms.
P.050 Minimally invasive disconnection of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas in a hybrid neurovascular operating room
Authors: Lownie SP , Wang H , Haji F , Boulton MR
Published: June 2017

Background: Hybrid neurovascular operating rooms offer significant advantages for vascular neurosurgery. In 2008, we installed North America’s first robotic intraoperative rotational 2D/3D angiography unit in a neurosurgery operating room. To date, 200 procedures have been performed. Methods: In selected cases of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF)requiring surgical disconnection, intraoperative spinal angiographic roadmapping, angiographic image overlay onto the skin and surgically exposed spine, and laser cross-hair image guidance were utilized to accurately determine the location and trajectory of the draining vein. Results: In four cases of spinal dAVF, a minimally invasive approach was employed, via either single-level (N=2) or two-level (N=1) hemilaminectomy. Techniques used included: angiographic roadmap / image overlay and intraoperative fluoroscopic with laser light guidance. These provided sub-centimeter accuracy in localizing the path of the draining vein. Surgical incision lengths ranged between 4 to 5 cm, with the shortest incision measuring only 4.2 cm. Complete cure was obtained in all cases, with no untoward complications. Conclusions: Hybrid neurovascular operating room technology can facilitate the use of minimally invasive approaches to spinal dural AVF disconnection.
P.057 Next-generation sequencing to determine a genetic cause of familial intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Hitchcock E , Diamond J , Eydoux P , Townsend K , Shen Y , Jones S , Redekop GJ , Gibson WT
Published: June 2017

Background: Approximately 12-15% of patients with intracranial aneurysms (IA) have affected first-degree relatives, and are considered to have familial intracranial aneurysms (FIA). Individuals with FIA are at higher risk for aneurysm formation and subarachnoid hemorrhage. THSD1 is the only gene to be associated with nonsyndromic FIA at this time. Our study aims to find rare DNA variants that are major risk factors for FIA in our cohort of patients. Methods: To date we have enrolled 37 affected and 31 unaffected people from 16 families. We have done exome or genome sequencing on at least 1 person from each of 12 families. Results: A rare p.(R686W) variant in THSD1 was found in 1/12 families, but did not cosegregate fully with disease. While less attractive as the primary cause of FIA, we cannot rule out the potential modifying effects of THSD1 p.(R686W) in this family. A second candidate, an extracellular matrix gene within a chromosomal region previously implicated by familial mapping studies, contains rare variants in 4/12 of our families. All four variants are predicted to be damaging. Conclusions: Alongside environmental risk factors, individual FIA families may also have complex rare variant contributions to their disease, such as digenic and multi-locus contributions.
P.058 Software algorithms for atrial fibrillation screening with wearable devices: a systematic review
Authors: Jewett GA , Crooks S , Sapp JL
Published: June 2017

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke but has no recognized screening method. Wearable devices have the potential to provide near continuous monitoring to detect AF. This systematic review evaluates the current state of software capable of detecting AF using wearable devices. Methods: We conducted a systematic search using PRISMA method of Medline, CENTRAL, PubMed and trial registries up to January 15, 2017. Abstracts and titles were screened, and relevant articles reviewed fully. English articles were selected if reporting on (1) software for AF detection (2) using heart rhythm signal, (3) theoretically applicable to wearable technology. Quality was evaluated with Cochrane GRADE. Results: Of 269 unique abstracts, 54 were identified for full review. 20 studies met inclusion criteria for algorithm accuracy analysis. Sensitivity and specificity ranged from 87.0 - 97.6% and 89.0 - 99.6%, respectively. 4 studies analyzed signal acquired using mobile devices with similar accuracy. Algorithms were potentially portable to wearable devices. Qualitative observations on the state and applicability of technology were made. Conclusions: Software analysing heart rhythm may be accurate for AF screening, but has not been tested on wearable devices. Such technology is promising but may be limited by hardware accuracy and high false positive rates.
P.065 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementias in Canada: First national surveillance data from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (CCDSS)
Authors: Pelletier C , Robitaille C , Gabora-Roth N , Toews J
Published: June 2017

Background: With a growing and aging population, the number of individuals with AD and dementias and their associated costs are expected to increase in Canada. Up to now, no national mechanism was in place to monitor the epidemiological burden of AD and dementias. This presentation will showcase the first CCDSS data available on these conditions. Methods: Through the CCDSS, a Federal/Provincial/Territorial partnership, health administrative databases are linked to collect data on chronic conditions. Using selected ICD-9(CM)/ICD-10 codes for AD and dementias, the validated case definition implemented to identify relevant cases aged 65+ is:

1+ hospitalizations; or

3+ physician claims within 2 years, with a 30-day-gap between each claim; or

1+ anti-dementia drug prescriptions.

Prevalence and incidence rates will be presented by 5-year age group, sex, province/territory, and fiscal year. Results: Overall, incidence and prevalence rates were higher in women. The prevalence rate approximately doubled between 5-year age groups and sex differences tended to widen with age. While aged-standardised data show increasing prevalence rates over time, incidence rates fluctuated but suggest a decline since 2009/10. Conclusions: CCDSS data can be used to monitor the burden of AD and dementias in Canada. This information is important for the assessment of prevention actions and the planning of health care resources.
P.087 Association of pre-operative hyponatremia with morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing elective degenerative spine surgery
Authors: Bokhari R , Al-Garni N , Nooh A , Marwan Y , Santaguida C , Sciubba D , Weber M
Published: June 2017

Background: Hyponatremia has been found to be associated with increased complications in a variety of surgical populations. No study looked specifically at patients undergoing spine surgery. We also specifically address whether it has an effect on the typical low-risk patient admitted for degenerative spine disease, a population that forms the major bulk of clinical practice. Methods: Data was obtained from the American college of surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). All patients who underwent elective spinal surgery for degenerative disease from 2011 to 2013 were included. The two arms (normonatremic and hyponatremic) were then compared. Results: A total of 58049 patients were included, 3037 were hyponatremic. Hyponatremic patients were older and had more comorbidities. They also developed more minor and major complications. When all comorbidities were controlled for, hyponatremia was only associated with increased minor but not major complications. These patients were more likely to require a blood transfusion (OR=1.23, CI 1.10-1.43) and a prolonged hospital stay (OR=1.52, CI 1.33-1.75). Conclusions: This study finds an association between hyponatremia and postoperative adverse events in a low risk population that forms the major bulk of clinical practice. This addresses a potential target for quality improvement strategies with significant cost saving implications.
P.090 The predictors of patient morbidity after adult spinal deformity correction: bone mineral density and the extent of deformity correction
Authors: Ivanishvilli Z , Hsu J , Parvez K , Boisvert S , Warren M , Frangou E , Warren D
Published: June 2017

Background: Instrumentation failure (IF) such proximal junctional kyphosis/failure or distal junctional failure (PJK/PJF/DJF), rod fracture and screw-loosening can cause morbidity in patients with spinal deformity correction. Factors such as bone mineral density (BMD) or region of deformity correction may play a role in postoperative IF. Methods: We reviewed the relationship between IF and BMD or extent of spinal deformity. IF includes PJK/PJF/DJF, fractured rod, screw-looseing, radiculopathy, and non-union. BMD groups included Normal, osteopenia/osteoporosis, and Unknown. The extent of correction included Lumbar, Short Thoracolumbar (5-8 levels), Long Thoracolumbar (8 to 12 levels), and Cervical-thoracic. Results: 60 patients (41:19 F:M) were included, with average age of 65. Total IF=29 patients (48.3%). Normal BMD in N=14, with half of them (50.0%) developing IF; Low BMD in N=15, with one-third of them (33.3%) developing IF. Lumbar correction was performed in N=19, with IF in 36.8%; Short Thoracolumbar correction was performed in N=28, with IF in 46.4%; Long Thoracolumbar correction was performed in N=11, with IF in 81.8%; and Cervical correction in N=2, with no postoperative IF. Conclusions: Patients that received long-segment thoracolumbar had the highest rates of postoperative morbidity. We did not demonstrate an association between abnormal BMD and postoperative IF. A larger study would be needed for further investigations.
P.097 Tensile properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Cryogel (PVA-C) formulations and generation of a tissue mimicking artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prototype
Authors: Wang BH , Gurr K , Bailey C , Campbell G
Published: June 2017

Background: Current lumbar intervertebral disc prostheses provide suboptimal symptom relief with little natural load-cushioning. PVA-C is a promising biocompatible material, however previous studies from our lab show that it does not have adequate elastic modulus to mimic the annulus fibrosus. Here we present a prototype of an artificial lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods: The tensile properties of pure (5-35% PVA-C) and particle-reinforced (15% PVA-C with 5% of either Sephadex or hydroxyapatite) composite PVA-C formulations were evaluated. Simple tension and tensile stress relaxation tests were performed. Woven Teflon mesh was embedded in PVA-C and tested under compression. Endplate pull-out tests were performed. Results: Tensile testing showed that all PVA-C formulations behaved linearly for physiologic levels of strain (<20%). Tensile elastic modulus is an order of magnitude lower than the annulus fibrosus. Teflon has similar elastic modulus as collagen and compression of the hybrid Teflon-PVA-C construct revealed good biomechanical mimicry with elastic modulus of 20-25MPa at 20% deformation, similar to human data. Bonding between PVA-C and porous titanium endplate is excellent. Conclusions: A fiber-reinforced PVA-C impregnated composite adequately mimics the annulus fibrosus. Our prototype of a tissue mimicking artificial intervertebral disc utilizes a woven Teflon fiber with 20% PVA-C (+Hydroxyapatite) annulus and 5% pure PVA-C nucleus bonded to porous titanium foam endplates.
P.100 A competency-based stroke curriculum for non-neurologists
Authors: Aberdour S , Henri-Bhargava A
Published: June 2017

Background: Previously-identified deficiencies in stroke training for emergency and internal medicine trainees led us to develop a competency-based curriculum for a stroke rotation, based upon entrusbable professional activities (EPAs). EPAs are observable and measurable activities that are routine care within a given medical specialty. Methods: We surveyed stroke- and non-stroke neurologists using a modified Delphi process with two iterations. The survey sought input on the number and nature of EPAs considered most important and achievable during a one month stroke rotation. Results: Surveyed neurologists considered 5-10 EPAs as adequate and reasonable to achieve during a one month elective. A list of the most essential EPAs was obtained and will be used as the basis of a curriculum for rotating residents in Internal and Emergency medicine at the Island Medical Program in Victoria, BC. Conclusions: Our work highlights an approach to meeting an identified gap in resident training in an important area of neurology (stroke). A competency based approach to medical education, focusing on EPAs, offers an innovative way of approaching resident education that seeks to ensure residents develop skills that experts in the field have identified as most essential for the work at hand (in this case, the proper management of stroke patients).
P.101 Case-oriented needs assessment for professional development in an academic neurology centre
Authors: Choudhury P , Cooke L
Published: June 2017

Background: Needs assessment is a cornerstone of designing programs for continuing professional development (CPD). However, typical needs assessment surveys often yield non-specific information insufficient to guide professional development programming decisions. Methods: A survey was distributed to Neurologists practicing in city of Calgary. A stimulated-recall method was used to generate specific case-oriented clinical questions and 5-point Likert scales were used to rate specific topics across the CanMEDS competency framework and CPD preferences. Results: A total of 48 surveys were distributed, with a response rate of 62.5%. Most respondents were subspecialists in Neurology (87%) in practice for less than 15 years (71%). Most used local neuroscience (97%) rounds as source for CPD. Respondents reported a need to address specific questions relating to the following topics: Acute stroke (54%), non-acute stroke (45%) and epilepsy (50%). For example, physicians identified that they wanted to learn more about when to reinitiate anticoagulation following ischemic stroke, or which choice of anti-epileptic for various seizure presentations. Specific medical content was rated highly disproportionately to other physician competencies such as communication or management skills. Conclusions: Our survey elicited detailed learning gaps from academic neurologists and identified a disconnect in interest in topics related to medical content compared to other important physician competencies.
P.102 Simulation-based training for surgical instrument recognition
Authors: Clarke DB , Hong M , Kureshi N , Fenerty L , Thibault-Halman G , D’Arcy RC
Published: June 2017

Background: Surgical simulation training offers trainees the opportunity to practice surgical skills before entering the operating room. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of simulation for learning instruments for burr hole surgery and whether this learning is translated to real instrument recognition with retention. Methods: Randomized trials of PGY1 neurosurgery residents and perioperative nurses were conducted, using PeriopSim™ for instrument recognition, as well as real instruments. Group A performed simulation tasks using PeriopSim™ prior to identifying real instruments, whereas Group B identified real instruments prior to performing simulation tasks. Nurses’ recall was assessed at seven days. Results: Sixteen residents and 100 nurses were recruited. All participants showed significant overall improvement in their scores for simulated tasks. Group A demonstrated enhanced accuracy and speed of identifying real instruments compared with Group B (p<0.001). Furthermore, knowledge recall testing at one week demonstrated retained learning, shown by 97% accuracy in instrument identification. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that recognition of surgical instruments improves with repeated use of the PeriopSim™ platform. Instrument knowledge acquired through simulation training results in improved identification and retained recognition of real instruments.
P.105 Smartphone and mobile app use among Canadian Neurosurgery residents and fellows
Authors: Kameda-Smith MM , Iorio-Morin C , Ahmed SU , Bigder M , Dakson A , Elliott C , Guha D , Lavergne P , Makarenko S , Taccone MS , Tso MK , Wang B , Winkler-Schwartz A
Published: June 2017

Background: Communicating with senior neurosurgical colleagues during residency necessitates a reliable and versatile smartphone. Smartphones and their apps are commonplace. They enhance communication with colleagues, provide the ability to access patient information and results, and allow access to medical reference applications. Patient data safety and compliance with the Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA, 2004) in Canada remain a public concern that can significantly impact the way in which mobile smartphones are utilized by resident physicians Methods: Through the Canadian Neurosurgery Research Collaborative (CNRC), an online survey characterizing smartphone ownership and utilization of apps among Canadian neurosurgery residents and fellows was completed in April 2016. Results: Our study had a 47% response rate (80 surveys completed out of 171 eligible residents and fellows). Smartphone ownership was almost universal with a high rate of app utilization for learning and facilitating the care of patients. Utilization of smartphones to communicate and transfer urgent imaging with senior colleagues was common. Conclusions: Smartphone and app utilization is an essential part of neurosurgery resident workflow. In this study we characterize the smartphone and app usage within a specialized cohort of residents and suggest potential solutions to facilitate greater PHIPA adherence
P.108 Integrating learner feedback in developing an evidence-based palliative care curriculum for neurology residents
Authors: Yeung Laiwah JA , Sarpal A , Schulz V , Gofton T
Published: June 2017

Background: Palliative care is a cornerstone of the management of progressive neurological illness, but there lacks a standardized evidence-based curriculum to teach the unique aspects of neurology-based palliative care to current learners. Methods: A needs assessment involving focus groups with patients, physicians, interdisciplinary members, and trainees was conducted to identify gaps in the current curriculum. The Kolb Learning Style Inventory identified learning strategies among neurology residents. A Palliative Medicine Comfort and Confidence Survey and knowledge pre-test was distributed to determine current learner needs. The curriculum was delivered during academic time, and feedback was obtained for further content revision. Results: Qualitative analysis was used to develop the curriculum with the key principles of symptom management, end-of life communication, psychosocial components of care, and community coordination. Learning styles varied, but preference for active experimentation and concrete experience was noted. Learners identified as comfortable with withdrawal of medical interventions, but requiring support on home palliative care referral, and management of terminal delirium and dyspnea. Further teaching was requested for end of life ethics and communication skills. Conclusions: By integrating current best evidence-based practice in palliative neurology with learner feedback, this project aims to create a comprehensive palliative care curriculum for neurology learners.