bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relevance of Accounting Information Practice on Small and Medium Scale Enterprise (SMEs) in Nigeria: A Theoretical Appraisal
Authors: Umanhonlen Ogbeiyulu Felix , Umanhonlen Imade Rebecca , Enofe, O. Augustine
Published: January 2023

This study theoretically reviewed the relevance of accounting information practice on SMEs in Nigeria. Accounting information is to provide high quality financial reporting. The qualitative characteristic of any accounting information system (AIS) can be maintained relative to ensuring the achievement of its operational goals and performance. This paper adopted library and theoretical literature survey approach and employed quotient research analysis with the use of secondary publications. The study identified SMEs as a catalysts instrument for economic growth and development. It noted that the ineffectiveness of AIS is the bane behind premature collapse of SMEs in Nigeria. The paper observed that proper AIS has enhanced SMEs success and provided requisite information support needed. The paper also noted that AIS has provided the basis for making strategic decision and understanding the accuracy of financial situation of SMEs in Nigeria. It therefore concludes that SMEs have the capacity to turning it fortune through AIS. Hence, studies have showed that financing options require information system that involves objectivity. However, those saddled with the responsibility of mentoring, nurturing as well as revamping SMEs in Nigeria should task them to adopt proper AIS and rescind from encouraging SMEs with credit facilities and other products alike if proper AIS is not maintained.
Community relations strategies of Oil companies for conflict management in host communities in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Igben Harvey G.O. , Ikiyowere Tracy Edolo
Published: January 2023

The study investigated the community relations (CR) Strategies of oil companies for conflict management in the host communities in Delta State. The study was designed to explore how participatory approach to dispute resolution will support the process of conflict management in the oil producing host communities in the riverine areas of Delta State. With a survey of 300 respondents, it was established that participatory approach to dispute resolution has significant influence on conflict management in the host communities in the riverine areas of Delta State. The study therefore recommended that strategic alliance should be strengthened and encouraged for effective collaboration to curb violence and conflicts between the oil companies and their host communities in the riverine areas of Delta State.
બાળવિકાસ અને મનોવિજ્ઞાન
CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Rupa G. Tripathi
Published: January 2023

મનોવિજ્ઞાન એટલે માનવીના વર્તનનું વિજ્ઞાન. જ્યાં સુધી માનવીના મન સુધી પહોંચવા માટે તેના વર્તનનો અભ્યાસ કરવો જરૂરી છે અને આ દરેક વર્તન પાછળ કોઈ ના કોઈ પરિબળ જવાબદાર હોય છે અને આ પ્રત્યેક પરિબળ પાછળ વિકાસ કેવી રીતે થયો છે? તેના કારણો જોવા મળે છે. પ્રત્યેક બાળકને જાણવા માટે બાળ મનોવિજ્ઞાન ખૂબ જ જરૂરી છે અને બાળ-મનોવિજ્ઞાનને વિવિધ તબક્કામાં તેની લાક્ષણિકતાઓ મુજબ વહેંચવામાં આવે છે અને તેના આધારે તેના વિકાસાત્મક કાર્ય અને વિકાસની પ્રક્રિયા માટે મુખ્ય પાંચ પરિબળો (૧) શારીરિક વિકાસ, (૨) ચેષ્ટા વિકાસ, (૩) સાંવેગિક વિકાસ (૪) માનસિક વિકાસ અને (૫) સામાજિક વિકાસ, અત્યંત આવશ્યક છે. આ પાંચ પરિબળોને આધારે જ બાળકનો સર્વાંગી વિકાસ શક્ય છે. આજનું બાળક એ આવતીકાલનું નાગરિક છે, દેશનું ભવિષ્ય છે એટલે બાળકનો સર્વાંગિક અને શ્રેષ્ઠ વિકાસ થવો ખૂબ જ જરૂરી છે. પ્રત્યેક બાળકનું પોતાનુ એક અલગ અસ્તિત્વ એક અલગ જ દુનિયા હોય છે, તો બાળકના અસ્તિત્વને જાણવા બાળકનો વિકાસ અતિઆવશ્યક છે.
“બાળકને સમજવા તેને જાણવામાં મનોવિજ્ઞાન એક મોટો ભાગ ભજવે છે.”
IMPACT OF DIGITAL DEVELOPMENTS ON JEWELLERY BUYING BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Phophalia Swati , Sharma M.K , Kastiya Shweta
Published: January 2023

Although most of us like to shop jewellery in-store but due to impact of COVID 19, the pandemic emphasized the importance of digital presence of jewellery stores. Before the pandemic, website of the jewellers are not on top priorities and focus on their physical stores.
The trend of buying precious jewellery from the trusted jewellery store is shifting nowadays, with more consumers willing to buy jewellery online. Indian consumers have never been more welcoming to internet jewellery purchases than they are now. Thus the objective of this study Impact of Digital developments on jewellery buying behaviour. The primary data for the study has been collected in between the month of October- December,
2021. A questionnaire has been designed on point likert to collect the responses of buyers of jewellery. Ms Excel and SPSS 22 softwares have been used to draw up the conclusion and test the hypotheses.
THE PROBLEMS FACED BY ENGLISH TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN RURAL/TRIBAL AREAS
Authors: Ganai Younus Mohd
Published: January 2023

The aim of this article is to fetch various issues regarding the difficulties of teaching english in tribal/ ruler area of India. In most rural schools and colleges, English language education displays the portrayal which is very disturbing. For standard English language learning, introduction to language and the teacher’s expertise are the great solicitudes. In fact, the condition of the rural students is very complex rather than the urban students since the formers do not have modern facilities like language lab, audio or visual aids and so on. The main barrier for the rural students is that they read English for the sake of examination but not for the sake of language. Moreover, they have some kind of fear in their minds regarding the English language. That is why most of the rural students fail to clear the examination explicitly the English subject. The teachers should teach the students how to use the language. But unfortunately, they also focus on the examination instead of language. A language is not merely an assemblage of words but the rules and patterns (grammar) that connect one word to another. Language is a framework of signs and a medium which the humans use since their existence in order to express their feelings, ideas, emotions and so many such things.
Role of Neurogenesis and Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy (Study on Plasma Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Malondialdehyde Level)
Authors: Trisia Adelgrit , Hidayah Nurul , Noor Meitria Syahadatina , Hartoyo Edi , Himawan Indra Widjaja
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder. Its incidence in Indonesia was 700,000–1,400,000 cases and 40–50% occurred in children. About 30–40% of cases in children had uncontrolled seizures. Biomarkers are needed to assess the prognostic value of patients with uncontrolled epilepsy. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are one of the prognostic biomarkers related to uncontrolled epilepsy to see the effect of oxidative stress and neuroplasticity.
AIM: The objective of the study was to examine cut off value of plasma BDNF and MDA level; and to compare plasma BDNF and MDA levels in uncontrolled and controlled epilepsy patients.
METHODS: The research usedanalytic observational with cross-sectional approach. Number of respondents was 30 patients of epilepsy who came to Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin. Respondents were divided into two groups (controlled and uncontrolled epilepsy). Blood plasma was examined for MDA with a spectrophotometer and BDNF with ELISA. Data were analyzed by t-test with 95% confidence level.
RESULTS: 11 children were found in the uncontrolled epilepsy group and 19 children with controlled epilepsy. The result showed that there were significant differences between type of therapy and developmental disorders/other diseases with epilepsy status. There was no significant differences of plasma BDNF in epilepsy status (controlled and uncontrolled epilepsy), and there was also no significant differences of plasma MDA in epilepsy status (controlled and uncontrolled epilepsy).
CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences of plasma BDNF and MDA in epilepsy status.
Vingt ans de formation dans l’ESS : le cas d’ Uniformation
Authors: Braley Elisa , Da Costa Catherine , Van Acker Yann
Published: January 2023

Cet article fait le lien entre les spécificités d’emploi des structures de l’économie sociale et solidaire, et leur recours à la formation professionnelle continue, perçue comme un levier de développement, de professionnalisation et d’émancipation. Au gré de quarante ans d’évolutions réglementaires portant sur la formation professionnelle dont celles de ses organismes de gestion, aujourd’hui opérateurs de compétences, les stratégies mises en œuvre par l’un d’eux, Uniformation , s’appuient sur des logiques de mutualisation, de territorialisation et de coconstruction de politiques d’inclusion et d’emploi.
Où vas-tu comme ça ? Sens, non-sens et transformations
Authors: de La Gorce Bernard
Published: January 2023

La sauvagerie qui se déploie à travers le monde quand les barrières de la culture s’effondrent ou se pervertissent bouleverse les repères avec un retour de la frénésie collective vers l’intime ? C’est une bascule dans le non-sens marquant le passage d’un monde où le jeu pulsionnel était placé sous la gouverne d’un équilibre entre principe de plaisir et principe de réalité, à un autre monde où cette régulation se trouve mise en échec. Au-delà du principe de plaisir , témoigne de ce revers. «  Nous sommes vécus par des forces inconnues, échappant à notre maîtrise.  » Qu’est-ce que c’est que ça  ? Et face à cela, devant ça , quand les digues sont rompues, la psychanalyse reste-t‑elle en capacité d’ouvrir la voie à un espoir de transformation ?
Le plaisir, une conquête sans cesse à venir
Authors: Eoche-Duval Brigitte
Published: January 2023

Pour rester le gardien de notre vie psychique, le principe de plaisir doit se prêter à de multiples combinaisons pulsionnelles imposées par l’antagonisme d’Éros et de la pulsion de mort. Quel est le traitement possible pour cette part non liée de la destructivité à l’œuvre dans le psychisme humain ? L’expérience transférentielle analytique, avec la ressource de créativité des processus primaires, permettrait qu’opèrent un alliage et une transformation pulsionnelle vers un gain de plaisir mobilisable dans la relation à l’autre.
William Godwin et l’abolitionnisme pénal
Authors: Béal Christophe
Published: January 2023

Parmi les nombreux discours critiques dénonçant les injustices et les défauts du système pénal anglais au xviii e  siècle, l’œuvre de William Godwin occupe une place à part. Dans un contexte marqué par la diffusion des idées de Beccaria et par les projets de réforme pénale, l’auteur de l’ Enquête sur la justice politique considère qu’une société juste ne peut se contenter d’un adoucissement ou d’une humanisation des peines mais doit se proposer comme but l’abolition des lois et des sanctions pénales. Il ne se contente pas, comme le font les Lumières, de dénoncer l’inutilité des peines cruelles mais tente de montrer que le système pénal, en tant que tel, ne contribue en rien à l’utilité générale mais participe, au contraire, au maintien du despotisme.
Les « contes de fées » chinois des économistes physiocrates
Authors: De Barros Edern
Published: January 2023

Dans la seconde moitié du  xviii e  siècle, les économistes physiocrates élaborent un parallèle entre la société de marché qu’ils appellent de leurs vœux et une Chine ancienne fantasmée qui en serait la préfiguration historique : leur « despotisme légal » serait déjà en germe dans la figure de l’empereur chinois dont la souveraineté serait sous la surveillance des juristes mandarins. Sur ce modèle, Quesnay (le « Confucius de l’Europe ») et ses disciples préconisent que le roi de France soit à son tour sous le conseil constitutionnel des juristes économistes pour la réalisation positive du  Tableau économique . Mais comme le souligne Mably dans ses  Doutes , les « contes de fées » chinois des économistes visent davantage à donner à leur théorie du « despotisme légal » une apparence empirique pour mieux justifier un projet oligarchique au service des gros propriétaires.
Nos victimes ou l’infinie recherche du juste milieu dans les rapports entre homme et bête
Authors: Desrameaux Alexandre
Published: January 2023

À la fin du xix e  siècle, un livre d’une facture composite,  Nos victimes , illustre le mouvement ascendant de défense de la cause animale en France. Il comprend un ensemble de points de vue de personnalités diverses de l’époque ainsi qu’un essai intitulé  De la compassion envers les animaux , dans lequel son auteur, un ami de Michelet, insiste sur l’utilité pour l’homme de bien les traiter et sur le surcroît de dignité humaine qui résulte de ces bons traitements. Il se dégage de l’ouvrage, empreint de modération, le sentiment qu’est en train de naître une nouvelle forme d’engagement de la société civile en faveur d’une nouvelle conception de l’homme dans son rapport à l’animalité et même à la nature. Il paraît difficile d’avoir sur le sujet une position autre qu’anthropocentrée, comme il ne semble pas judicieux d’étendre aux bêtes le paradigme des droits subjectifs. L’homme doit surtout s’évertuer à prendre la mesure de ses devoirs envers elles. L’animalisme bien compris est un humanisme.
Léon Duguit ou le comtisme des juristes
Authors: Quiriny Bernard
Published: January 2023

Léon Duguit a placé toute son œuvre sous le signe de la protection des libertés de l’individu contre l’État. En optant cependant pour une logique solidariste plutôt que pour la logique individualiste familière aux auteurs libéraux, il aboutit malgré lui à des conclusions systématiquement hostiles à la liberté de l’individu : l’État chez lui n’est pas limité mais illimité, l’individu n’est pas libéré mais contrôlé, la propriété privée n’est pas garantie mais surveillée. Plus qu’à garantir les libertés, le système de Duguit semble viser en fait à assurer la prééminence au sein de la société d’une caste, la sienne : les juristes, et s’inscrire au fond dans la continuité d’un auteur qu’il cite rarement mais dont il est manifestement proche : Comte.
La règle verte : redessiner le paysage politique par des bornes écologiques et juridiques
Authors: Braillet Renaud
Published: January 2023

Assujettir les États et les sociétés au respect de bornes écologiques fondamentales pour la perpétuité du renouvellement des cycles terrestres, tel est le projet de la « règle verte ». Cet instrument juridique, qui tire ses origines de la pensée écologique ancienne, est pensé comme le nouveau cadre indépassable de l’État de droit. Seulement, les difficultés juridiques et politiques qui supposent son instauration et son intégration au sein de notre système juridique sont nombreuses. Choisir les bornes écologiques adaptées, garantir la survie démocratique d’un système au sein duquel le législateur est à nouveau limité, surpasser les difficultés normatives traditionnelles en matière d’environnement, planifier le respect des limites, anticiper l’interprétation des juges sont autant d’obstacles qui se posent nécessairement à quiconque envisage sérieusement d’adopter la « règle verte ».
La diplomatie parlementaire en France. Ordre et cacophonie
Authors: Morel Benjamin , Morel Benjamin
Published: January 2023

Il y a peu de domaines qui semblent aussi peu relever de l’action du Parlement que la diplomatie. Le débat contradictoire et public entre députés apparaît en effet incompatible avec les arcanes des relations internationales. Si certaines assemblées françaises, notamment sous la Révolution, ont pu développer une activité diplomatique intense, la règle est plutôt celle d’un contrôle minimal, voire symbolique, de l’action gouvernementale en la matière. Pourtant, depuis quelques années, les chambres françaises ont l’ambition de développer une action diplomatique. Souvent complémentaire et coordonnée avec l’exécutif, celle-ci n’en développe pas moins des caractéristiques propres. La multitude des acteurs et leur manque de coordination en limitent toutefois la portée.
Le contrôle progressif du Sénat chilien sur les opérations militaires extérieures
Authors: Durez Aymeric , Durez Aymeric
Published: January 2023

Alors que la plupart des travaux sur la politique étrangère des États d’Amérique du Sud se concentrent sur le poids du système international et des dirigeants, cet article traite de l’importance des acteurs parlementaires. À travers une étude de cas sur le Chili, il retrace le processus d’appropriation du pouvoir de contrôle sur l’envoi des troupes dans des opérations extérieures par le Sénat chilien dans un contexte difficile, longtemps marqué par la préservation d’un domaine réservé de l’institution militaire et de l’exécutif sur les questions de défense. Après la dictature de Pinochet, la nécessité d’obtenir une autorisation du pouvoir législatif a fluctué en fonction de l’interprétation de la constitution et d’une loi sur l’emploi des forces armées votée en 1991. En revanche, l’engagement dans les opérations de l’ONU en Haïti à partir de 2004 a conduit à une mobilisation du Sénat aboutissant à un rééquilibrage des pouvoirs entre l’exécutif et le législatif.
Être ou ne pas être NEET ? La complexité des transitions études-marché de l’emploi à Bruxelles
Authors: André Géraldine , Crosby Andrew
Published: January 2023

Dans le sillage des recommandations de l’Union européenne, les pouvoirs publics à Bruxelles ont mis en place des dispositifs de lutte contre le décrochage scolaire et le chômage des jeunes. Néanmoins, ces programmes qui mobilisent la catégorie « NEET » (neither in education, employment or training) ont une approche standardisée et finissent par réduire la problématique à une question d’employabilité individuelle. Notre contribution avance une analyse critique de la catégorie NEET que nous proposons d’affiner en plusieurs types et dont l’utilisation dans les politiques publiques bruxelloises permettrait de mieux cibler les jeunes qui en ont le plus besoin. A partir d’un matériel ethnographique récolté auprès de jeunes des quartiers populaires de Bruxelles, nous proposons une approche sociologique qui permet de dégager une typologie plus fine des situations NEET/non-NEET. Notre analyse contribue, d’une part, à déconstruire la catégorie statistique de NEET en des situations sociales diversifiées, d’autre part, elle indique combien les situations NEET résultent de trajectoires façonnées par des dynamiques structurelles et par des processus d’inégalités, qu’ils soient relatifs à la classe et/ou à l’origine migratoire.
Wel of niet NEET? De complexiteit van de transitie van onderwijs naar arbeidsmarkt in Brussel
Authors: André Géraldine , Crosby Andrew
Published: January 2023

Dans le sillage des recommandations de l’Union européenne, les pouvoirs publics à Bruxelles ont mis en place des dispositifs de lutte contre le décrochage scolaire et le chômage des jeunes. Néanmoins, ces programmes qui mobilisent la catégorie « NEET » (neither in education, employment or training) ont une approche standardisée et finissent par réduire la problématique à une question d’employabilité individuelle. Notre contribution avance une analyse critique de la catégorie NEET que nous proposons d’affiner en plusieurs types et dont l’utilisation dans les politiques publiques bruxelloises permettrait de mieux cibler les jeunes qui en ont le plus besoin. A partir d’un matériel ethnographique récolté auprès de jeunes des quartiers populaires de Bruxelles, nous proposons une approche sociologique qui permet de dégager une typologie plus fine des situations NEET/non-NEET. Notre analyse contribue, d’une part, à déconstruire la catégorie statistique de NEET en des situations sociales diversifiées, d’autre part, elle indique combien les situations NEET résultent de trajectoires façonnées par des dynamiques structurelles et par des processus d’inégalités, qu’ils soient relatifs à la classe et/ou à l’origine migratoire.
To be or not to be NEET? The complexity of school-to-work transitions in Brussels
Authors: André Géraldine , Crosby Andrew
Published: January 2023

Dans le sillage des recommandations de l’Union européenne, les pouvoirs publics à Bruxelles ont mis en place des dispositifs de lutte contre le décrochage scolaire et le chômage des jeunes. Néanmoins, ces programmes qui mobilisent la catégorie « NEET » (neither in education, employment or training) ont une approche standardisée et finissent par réduire la problématique à une question d’employabilité individuelle. Notre contribution avance une analyse critique de la catégorie NEET que nous proposons d’affiner en plusieurs types et dont l’utilisation dans les politiques publiques bruxelloises permettrait de mieux cibler les jeunes qui en ont le plus besoin. A partir d’un matériel ethnographique récolté auprès de jeunes des quartiers populaires de Bruxelles, nous proposons une approche sociologique qui permet de dégager une typologie plus fine des situations NEET/non-NEET. Notre analyse contribue, d’une part, à déconstruire la catégorie statistique de NEET en des situations sociales diversifiées, d’autre part, elle indique combien les situations NEET résultent de trajectoires façonnées par des dynamiques structurelles et par des processus d’inégalités, qu’ils soient relatifs à la classe et/ou à l’origine migratoire.
À l’école de la ville : contre-cultures expérimentales dans les années 1970
Authors: Boëlle-Dupouy Adélaïde
Published: January 2023

Cet article propose le récit de trois expérimentations pédagogiques et artistiques des années 1970, défricheuses pour bâtir un contre-modèle face aux écoles, lieux d’enfermement des enfants et de leurs apprentissages. À partir des ateliers de rue de Riccardo Dalisi de 1971 à 1974 à Naples avec des enfants déscolarisés, nous verrons comment des architectes, artistes, designers, proposent la réintroduction des enfants dans la rue et les espaces publics de quartiers populaires.
Back to (the Future) School. Reshaping the Relationship Between Mobility and Schools
Authors: Cannella Fabrizia , Fattorelli Samuel , Tosi Maria Chiara , Zucca Valentina Rossella
Published: January 2023

The paper proposes the first results of the La mia scuola va in classe A project, a participatory research and planning process promoted by the City of Venice, with the collaboration of the Cooperativa Sestante di Venezia and the Iuav University of Venice. Co-funded by MIT’s “National Experimental Program of Sustainable Home-School and Home-Work Mobility.” The project tries to rethink the relationship between school and city, between school spaces and urban fabric, through the development of educational and participatory processes aimed at the school system. The participatory pathway involves the school community in developing actions and interventions that promote active mobility on home-school routes and a rethinking of the street, threshold and proximity spaces of four inland Venetian elementary schools. Through a reconstruction of the process, we reflect on how to interweave relationships and mutual learning between school and city, with the shared elaboration of an imaginary oriented toward active mobility, awareness of the importance of motor autonomy and the psycho-physical well-being of the local community. The proposed design solutions will have the role of holding together the different instances in a fertile path leading to the improvement of the conditions of the spaces of mobility and proximity, with the idea of opening the city to the school and the school to the city, to improve the relationship between people and to return spaces of possibility to children.
Cheminements écoliers dans un shared space : l’urbain au service des apprentissages
Authors: Bellesi Melissa , Casas Maribel
Published: January 2023

« Apprendre » la ville est un enseignement universel et formateur en particulier pour les jeunes enfants. Dans ce sens, le trajet entre le domicile et l’école constitue souvent la toute première exploration d’un espace social réglé et partagé. Cet article propose de s’interroger sur le déterminisme qui peut exister entre la configuration urbaine de l’espace scolaire et les modes de déplacement privilégiés pour y accéder : est-ce qu’un aménagement spatial spécifique autour des écoles pourrait pallier l’encombrement généré par les dépôts minutes et contribuer à voir ressurgir l’usage de la marche – ou de mobilités « douces » – afin de faire du trajet entre la maison et l’école un espace-temps riche en apprentissages ? Repenser l’espace environnant des écoles permettrait-il de réinstaurer une dynamique spatiale et un ancrage au lieu et à la citoyenneté ?
Laparoscopic transversus abdominis plane block is useful in pain relief after laparoscopic stapled repair of diastasis recti and ventral hernia
Authors: Cavallaro Giuseppe , Gazzanelli Sergio , Iorio Olga , Iossa Angelo , Giordano Luca , Esposito Luca , Crocetti Daniele , Tarallo Maria Rita , Sibio Simone , Brauneis Stefano , Polistena Andrea
Published: January 2023

Background:

There is still no consensus on perioperative pain control techniques in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery; protocols of conventional therapy can be improved by the use of perioperative anaesthesiologic techniques, such as epidural or loco-regional analgesic administration as transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block. The aim of this evaluation was to investigate the role of laparoscopic-assisted TAP block during repair of diastasis recti associated with primary midline hernias in term of post-operative pain relief.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective evaluation of a prospectively maintained database including patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of diastasis recti associated with primary ventral hernia. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A patients (n = 34) received laparoscopic-assisted bilateral TAP-block of 7.5 mg/ml ropivacaine for each side and Group B patients (n = 29) received conventional post-operative therapy. All patients received 24 h infusion of 20 mg morphine; pain was checked at 6, 24 and 48 h after surgery by numeric rating scale (NRS) score. A rescue analgesia by was given if NRS score was >4 or on patient request.

Results:

No differences in operative time, complications and post-operative stay, no complications related to TAP-block technique were found. Post-operative pain scores (determined by NRS) were found to be significantly different between groups. Group A patients showed a significant reduction in NRS score at 6, 24 and 48 h (P < 0.005) and in the number of patients requiring further analgesic drugs administration (P < 0.005) compared to Group B patients.

Conclusions:

Laparoscopic-guided TAP-block can be considered safe and effective in the management of post-operative pain and in the reduction of analgesic need in patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of diastasis recti and ventral hernias. The non-randomised nature of the study and the lack of a consistent series of patients require further evaluations.
‘Critical circle of fundoplication’ – A key concept towards creating identical, replicable and consistent fundoplication wraps
Authors: Jani Kalpesh
Published: January 2023

Background:

There is a significant learning curve associated with laparoscopic Nissen’s fundoplication, during which, complications due to surgical errors are more likely to occur. Moreover, length of the wrap, its situation on the lower esophagus and the points of the fundus brought together to create the wrap are arbitrary and as per the surgeon’s judgement and estimation. This leads to a lot of variation in the wraps created, not only from surgeon to surgeon, but also from case to case for each individual surgeon. We propose a new concept of ‘Critical Circle of Fundoplication’ and the new approach to construct the fundoplication based on this concept, by application of which, a mathematically precise fundoplication can be created which is consistent, accurate and optimum.

Patients and Methods:

A total of 132 patients were operated based on the concept of ‘Critical Circle of Fundoplication’ between 2015 and 2020, of which 116 patients completed one year of follow-up and are included in the paper.

Results:

The demographic characteristics, intraoperative findings and postoperative are described in detail. An additional average time of 10.5 minutes (range: 8-26 minutes) was required in the precise measurements and markings that were required by this approach.

Conclusion:

By application of the concept of ‘Critical Circle of Fundoplication’, precise, consistent and optimum wraps can be created. By eliminating the errors of structural construction and placement of the wrap, overall results can be improved.
Patients’ satisfaction after bilateral thoracoscopic sympathicolysis
Authors: Hemead Hanan M. , Etman Waheed , Hemead Sarah , Elrewany Ehab , Abdelaziz Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Background:

Palmar hyperhidrosis is a distressing condition implicating individuals’ social life and self-esteem. Surgery has proven to be highly effective with excellent safety profile. However, compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH), a relatively common adverse event of the procedure, is sometimes problematic in a few patients.

Patients and Methods:

A questionnaire, including Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS), was designed to assess the overall satisfaction of patients who underwent bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy between November 2018 and July 2021. They were requested to respond to the questionnaire before surgery and during the follow-up visits.

Results:

Sixty-three patients were recruited, 37 males and 26 females. The age of the participants ranged from 6 to 27 years (mean 17.05 ± 5.55 years). Most patients reported a positive impact on their professional and social life. Two patients experienced significant compensatory hyperhydrosis impacting their daily life. There was a significant improvement of the HDSS score after surgery. Around 95.2% of the participants (n = 60) had three-point improvement indicating 80% reduction of sweat production.

Conclusion:

Bilateral endoscopic thoracoscopic sympathectomy has shown a high success rate with low adverse events. CH, however, remains a significant cause of morbidity in few patients. Therefore, continuous evaluation of patients’ satisfaction is of utmost importance to help improve our understanding to risk factors and prevalence of CH, improve our techniques to minimise its occurrence and treat patients with distressing symptoms. These data will guide surgeons when counselling patients to make insightful decisions based on the benefits and risks of the procedure.
Dexmedetomidine adjunct to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for open inguinal hernia repair in the older adults: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Xiaokun , Zhang Jinwei , Gu Wei , Wu Di , Shi Changxi , Ma Zhengliang
Published: January 2023

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine on pain relief and quality of recovery in older patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair surgeries.

Methods:

This was a prospective and randomised clinical trial of 102 patients aged over 65 years who received an ultrasound-guided transversus open mesh herniorrhaphy abdominis plane (TAP) block with either 0.375% ropivacaine 20 ml (Group R, n = 47) or 0.375% ropivacaine combined with 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine 20 ml (Group RD, n = 45) in the pre-anaesthesia care unit before elective open inguinal hernia surgeries. The primary outcome measure was Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores at rest and on movement at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h and at 1 and 3 months’ postoperatively. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence of post-operative delirium (POD), nausea and vomiting and the occurrence of side effects or complications on post-operative day 1.

Results:

Group RD had lower VAS scores at rest and on movement at 8 and 12 h postoperatively and a lower incidence of POD on the post-operative day 1 than Group R. Transient bradycardia was more frequent in Group RD than in Group R, and side effects or post-operative complications were reported in either group.

Conclusion:

The addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine in a TAP block enhances postoperative analgesia during hospitalisation and improves the quality of recovery without affecting chronic pain in older patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair surgery.
Copyright law in the MOBA genre: a comparative analysis of DOTA2 and League of Legends
Authors: Jonker Cornelius , Karjiker Sadulla
Published: January 2023

The multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game genre has been plagued with copyright infringement cases. Some of the copyright challenges that face this genre stem from the fact that the progenitor to the genre, Defense of the Ancients (DotA), was a ‘mod’ created for an already-existing video game, Warcraft 3. Further, DotA was a community-based project and while there were predominantly three major ‘modders’, it is argued that many of the characters that appeared in DotA were, in themselves, copyrighted works that originated from contributors out of the playing-community, who made material contributions through forums, notice boards and the DotA Allstars website.

This article delves into the copyright challenges facing the genre, with a specific focus on DotA, DOTA2 and League of Legends (LOL). An in-depth study is done on the copyright ownership of the mod, DotA, with a conclusion being drawn that the copyright ownership of characters found in DotA is of utmost importance, as most of the other elements found in MOBA games are not worth copying. As will be illustrated, copyright infringement challenges in the MOBA industry usually revolve around the copying of characters, many of whom draw inspiration from characters that appeared in the progenitor, DotA. With the focus of copyright ownership shifting to the characters found in DotA, the ownership attributed to the three modders in the Blizzard Entertainment, Inc and Valve Corporation v. Lilith Games (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. and uCool, Inc. suit will be critically evaluated.

Finally, an approach is proposed for use in copyright infringement cases in the MOBA genre, specifically where the characters in contention are based on or derived from DotA characters, to try to address any potential copyright infringement claims where the alleged proprietor claiming infringement is not truly the copyright owner of the characters in question. As a practical illustration, the proposed approach will be applied to various DOTA2 and LOL characters, with a conclusion being drawn as to why there has been a lack of copyright infringement cases between Riot Games, the owner of LOL, and Valve Corporation, the owner of DOTA2, despite apparent similarities between various of their characters.
‘Consumer power’ on the power market: the new paradigm on electric power
Authors: Ribbing Sir Per
Published: January 2023

In the old, physical, way of regarding the Product Electricity as being similar to water flowing in pipes, the statement ‘All electricity mixes on the grid’ held true. The picture of a bathtub into which electricity was supplied (flowed) from different sources: Hydro, Nuclear, Fossil, and Wind & Solar was the norm, the ‘truth’. However, from a market and consumer power point of view, and from an economic point of view, this analogy with a bathtub actually reveals a misunderstanding of what the Product Electricity really is and how power is transferred from producer to consumer.

Electricity which is audited does not mix with any other electricity. Only electricity which is not audited does mix. The anonymous agents who are the carriers of the purchased Product Electricity, i.e. the kWh:s, they are mixed. The product itself (the Product Electricity) is not mixed, if audited. The old bathtub analogy is false. It is an old misunderstanding of how electric power is traded and transferred.

NB: It is electric power that is produced and consumed. Energy cannot be produced, nor consumed. The first law of thermodynamics states this as a fundamental law of nature.

The new paradigm on electric power explains how the Product Electricity is transferred from power generator to power consumer. The transfer is made by help of anonymous and interchangeable agents: kWh:s.

This is the correct way of understanding the new situation with deregulated power markets offering different ‘colours’ of power, i.e. electricity with different environmental loads, e.g. ‘Green Power’. The new paradigm uses an analogy with the banking system, ‘The Bank Grid’, where the parallel between bank grid and electric grid is, in fact, exact. In this new market situation the new paradigm on electric power shows that there exists a possible choice of not consuming any coal power.

The 10 hottest years ever measured globally have all occurred since 2010, with the top ten being 2016, 2020, 2019, 2015, 2017, 2021, 2018, 2014, 2010, 2013, respectively. The Climate Crisis is here. The New Paradigm on Electric Power shows us how we can choose to not consume any power produced by fossil energy.
During the energy crisis renewable energy grows, fossils and nuclear energy decrease
Authors: Zissler Romain
Published: January 2023

In the first half of 2022 renewable energy electricity grew phenomenally across the world enabling decreases in electricity generation from fossil fuels and nuclear power. However, even this extraordinary growth has been insufficient to trigger a deep decarbonization of the power sector – a prerequisite for carbon neutrality. This means further accelerating renewable energy expansion is necessary. To achieve this new acceleration, taking even more advantage of renewable energy’s strengths (economics and energy security) – magnified by the ongoing global energy crisis – and overcoming obstacles slowing down progress (integration challenges and public support) is critical.
Optimization of Potassium Carbonate-based DES as Catalyst in the Production of Biodiesel via Transesterification
Authors: Abdurrahman Abdulwasiu , Waziri Saidu Muhammad , Ajayi Olusegun Ayoola , Dabai Fadimatu Nyako
Published: January 2023

Increasing energy demand necessitates the production of sustainable fuels, which can be in the form of bio-fuels. One of such bio-fuels is biodiesel, which is typically produced via transesterification. The development of homogeneous catalyst that is relatively easy to synthesize, cheap, reusable, and environmentally friendly, is a major issue in transesterification reaction. The use of Deep eutectic solvent (DES) as catalyst, is believed to be a significant step in the direction of attaining a sustainable bio-economy. In this study, deep eutectic solvent was synthesized from different mole ratios of K2CO3/glycerol. The synthesized DES was used as catalyst in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to determine the factors that significantly affect the biodiesel yield. Optimum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 98.2845% was achieved at optimum conditions of 1:32.58 mole ratio of K2CO3/glycerol, 8.96% w/w concentration of DES, and 69.58 minutes. GC-MS analysis revealed that the produced biodiesel contained 98.87% ester content. The properties of the biodiesel produced were characterized and found to agree with those of ASTM D6751-12 standard. Thus, suggesting the synthesized DES is a promising catalyst in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil.
Student self-evaluation of professionalism during advanced pharmacy practice experiences
Authors: O'Brocta Richard , Albanese Nicole Paolini
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To analyse pharmacy students’ self-evaluation of professionalism criteria during their fourth year in Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) rotations. The authors hypothesised that at least 50% of the evaluation questions will have a self-evaluation rating of ‘exceeds expectations’.  
Methods: Towards the end of each APPE rotation, students self-evaluated themselves against ten professionalism criteria using a rubric. The data were aggregated and analysed by rotation type and professionalism criteria.    
Results: A total of 8,120 self-evaluations were reviewed. The percentage of evaluations that were rated at ‘exceeds expectations’ are as follows:   Ambulatory Patient Care, 51.9%; Community Pharmacy, 63.4%; Inpatient General Medicine, 48.4%; Hospital/Health Systems, 53.9%; and Electives, 57.1%.    
Conclusion: The percentage of professionalism self-evaluation ratings for all rotation types, except Inpatient General Medicine, were greater than 50% at the ‘exceeds expectation’ level. This data will be used for accreditation and quality improvement purposes.
A observância do direito internacional humanitário pela união europeia – UE
Authors: Silva Roberto Luiz , Ferreira e Melo Flávia Resende
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a observância do Direito Internacional Humanitário pela União Europeia. Primeiramente, o trabalho visa identificar as normas de Direito Internacional Humanitário na ordem jurídica europeia. Em seguida, a aplicabilidade do Direito Internacional Humanitário nas operações militares da União Europeia é abordada. Posteriormente, é feita análise sobre a promoção do Direito Internacional Humanitário pela União Europeia. Por fim, conclui- se que que a União Europeia reconhece o Direito Internacional Humanitário na sua ordem jurídica e nas suas operações militares, sobretudo em caso de conflitos armados. No entanto, é na promoção da observância do Direito Internacional Humanitário que a União Europeia exerce o seu papel mais relevante.
Ocorrência de Tromboembolismo Pulmonar em doentes infetados por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ferreira Ilisito , Gonçalves Carina , Félix Cátia , José Mónica
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Este estudo foi realizado com intuito de dar um contributo na investigação sobre a existência de uma relação entre Covid-19 e ocorrência de Tromboembolismo Pulmonar (TEP) e teve como objetivo principal a descrição e análise do fenómeno da ocorrência de tromboembolismo pulmonar em doentes infetados por SARS-CoV-2 e compará-los com doentes Covid-19 negativo.

Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo retrospetivo de caso-controle, com base nos exames de Tomografia Computorizada (TC) com protocolo de Angio TC para TEP, que foram realizados no serviço de Imagiologia Geral do CHLN no período pré-Covid-19 entre dezembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020, e no período pandémico entre dezembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021.

Resultados: Verificou-se que durante o período pandémico foram realizados 2025 TC do tórax na urgência Covid-19 dos quais 460 Angio TC com protocolo para TEP e na sala TC3 (sala reservada aos doentes do internamento Covid-19) foram realizados 616 TC do tórax dos quais 212 Angio TC com protocolo para TEP. No período pré-Covid-19 foram realizados 1231 TC do tórax dos quais 171 foram Angio TC com protocolo TEP.

Análise e Discussão: Na análise dos dados efetuada através do SPSS conclui-se que não houve um aumento de risco de ocorrência TEP em doentes Covid-19 que realizaram Angio TC pulmonar (ATCP) na urgência do CHLN, o internamento por Covid-19 não representou aumento do risco de ocorrência de TEP e que existiu uma associação positiva entre infeção por SARS-Cov-2 e D-dímeros elevados.
Photographic and informative catalog of the cultural tourist attractions of the jipijapa canton
Authors: Veliz Romina Stephania Saenz , Baque Cinthia Maria Menendez , Velez Hector Simon Pinargote , Alcivar Maria Jose Marcillo
Published: January 2023

Tourist attractions are those that, due to their natural or cultural value, become a fundamental part of tourism, which has now become one of the most important economic activities worldwide. The objective of the investigation was to elaborate a photographic and informative catalog that contributes to the diffusion of the most distinctive cultural tourist attractions that are perceived in the urban area of the Jipijapa canton, in order to carry it to its tourist development at a national level. The research is carried out under the methodology with a qualitative approach, using the file provided by the Ministry of Tourism (MINTUR, 2018), in addition to direct observation and bibliographic review of the PDOT of the canton, obtaining results that are closer to the objective of the study. . It was possible to identify cultural tourist attractions framed in hierarchy II, for its part, the basic services offered in the canton are not the most optimal, including a rudimentary tourist plant, so the studies carried out in the investigation contribute to the design of the catalog. It should be noted that this work shows detailed data that, if executed, will be available to the public through the proposal of a web page of cultural tourism modality that will contribute to a greater reach in the tourist diffusion for Jipijapa, the so-called "Sultana del Café".
The Role of Social Media in Proliferating Violent Behavior Among College Students in District Layyah, Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Noor , Sattar Tehmina , Imdadullah Muhammad , Bashir Furrukh
Published: January 2023

The usage of social media is the biggest catalyst that causes behavioral transitions among the younger age cohort. In the recent era of digitalization, the youth especially college students are addicted to various social media apps such as Facebook, Tik Tok, Twitter, Whats app, and Youtube. This younger age bracket used digital media to watch violent-based entertainment content, pornographies, and video games. Aligning this,cross-sectional survey research design was conducted in the four registered colleges of Layyah, Pakistan. A total sample size of N=263 respondents was selected through a de-facto method. Questionnaire was used as a tool for the data collection process. The responses of the participants were gathered and analyzed through SPSS Version-21. The findings of the study revealed that the younger students above the age of 18 years i.e. n=157 (59.7%), who belonged to the nuclear family system(n=123, 46.8%), had low parental education (n=53, 20.2%), and had a family income of ?30,000PKR (n=96, 36.5%) were more involved in the usage of social media apps which proliferates their violent behavioral conduct. Moreover, playing violent video games (n=210, 79.8%), watching action-based movies (n=217, 82.5%), destruction of someone's possessions (n=164, 62.4%), and watchinga person shooting  (n=177, 67.3%) were the major parameters that played an imperative role in amplifying the violent behavior among college students. In conclusion, to share carrier goals, information, innovations, and methods of expression, students used social media sites for various action-based audio-visual content. The vigilance provided by the parents along with college administration and teachers can help to mitigate the role of social media in proliferating violence among youth in the study context.
Increasing Empowerment of Rural Economic Institutions through the Village–Owned Enterprises Development Program
Authors:   Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia, Wardani Raisya Putri , Setiawan Tomi ,   Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia, Bonti Bonti ,   Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
Published: January 2023

This study explains the program’s performance to increase the empowerment of economic institutions of rural communities by the Community and Village Empowerment Office in Sumedang Regency through the village-owned enterprise’s development program. This program aims to aid villages and village governments in establishing and enhancing village-owned enterprises. However, this program is different than expected. Because many village-owned enterprises still do not work, people do not know about the benefits of village-owned enterprises. The research was conducted using a qualitative methodology and the performance program guidance theory to evaluate program performance based on input, process, output, and outcome indicators. According to the study’s findings, the program has not performed optimally. Since several indicators have not been met, in the input indicator, the resources owned do not support program activities. Regarding process indicators, village-owned enterprise managers must improve their skills. Indicators of output reveal that village-owned enterprises could not develop village potential and locate suitable business units. Moreover, the community in the outcome indicators has not experienced the benefits due to a lack of ownership. Without considering the community’s needs, the village council established village-owned enterprises to comply with the rules.