bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutualité, spécificités managériales et audit social : Une étude dans un grand groupe mutualiste
Authors: Lacan Arnaud , Combes Victor
Published: September 2024

L’organisation mutualiste est spécifique par de nombreux aspects. Pourtant, elle est en proie à un phénomène de banalisation qui tend à gommer ses spécificités par rapport aux entreprises non mutualistes. Cet article se focalise sur la question épineuse d’un management mutualiste, encore peu défini dans la littérature. L’organisation mutualiste, qui historiquement s’est bâtie sur des valeurs et des principes humanistes et relationnels très forts, doit faire émerger un mode de management adapté si elle ne veut pas sombrer dans un isomorphisme institutionnel et un péril relationnel. Les résultats d’une étude empirique au sein d’un groupe mutualiste français illustrent comment l’organisation mutualiste peut s’appuyer sur des pratiques nouvelles afin de développer chez ses managers des postures relationnelles qui peuvent constituer les piliers d’un management mutualiste repensé avec l’éclairage possible de l’audit social .
Succès entrepreneurial : comment réussir sa startup ?
Authors: Le Flanchec Alice , Passy Pierre-Luc , Mullenbach Servayre Astrid
Published: September 2024

Ce papier s’intéresse aux conditions de succès des startups. Tout d’abord, les dimensions à la fois subjectives et objectives du succès liées d’une part à la startup et d’autre part à la personne de l’entrepreneur (ou l’équipe entrepreneuriale) qui a créé la startup sont abordées. Cette partie s’appuie à la fois sur une revue de littérature et sur une étude qualitative auprès de 28 entrepreneurs. Il apparaît que les dimensions du succès entrepreneurial ne sont pas seulement économiques. L’utilité sociale et sociétale des projets portés par les startups doit être sans doute mieux prise en compte par les investisseurs . Ensuite, les antécédents du succès entrepreneurial sont explorés. Ceux-ci sont décomposés en trois catégories : ceux qui sont liés au profil de l’entrepreneur, ceux qui relèvent de l’environnement de la startup et enfin ceux associés au profil de la startup. Une étude quantitative auprès de 114 créateurs de startups permet alors de montrer un impact de l’âge, du niveau d’études et de l’expérience entrepreneuriale antérieure sur le succès de la startup, mais pas d’effet de genre. Certains traits de personnalité du Big Five sur le succès entrepreneurial sont aussi confirmés. Toutefois, il n’existe pas de profil type de l’entrepreneur à succès. De plus, le soutien social de l’entourage joue un rôle fort sur le succès entrepreneurial. Enfin, les startups ayant moins d’accès aux financements (levées de fonds, emprunts, subventions…) connaissent un moindre succès .
Espionnage industriel et intelligence économique : cadre d’analyse d’une délimitation
Authors: Feige Jimmy , Fane Oumar , Bidi Georges
Published: September 2024

Le thème de l’espionnage industriel suscite l’intérêt des chercheurs. Ses effets sur les entreprises peuvent être néfastes. Les entreprises doivent se protéger et adopter les comportements appropriés et les pratiques idoines. Toutefois, l’espionnage industriel demeure presque indissociable de certains concepts connexes, notamment l’intelligence économique. Certains auteurs vont en effet jusqu’à confondre les deux concepts et d’autres considèrent l’espionnage industriel comme l’étape supérieure de l’intelligence économique. Ce travail de recherche repose principalement sur une analyse de la littérature. Dans cet article, nous discutons des difficultés de délimitation d’une frontière entre les deux concepts. Un cadre de délimitation à travers les notions de droit et d’éthique est a priori à définir. Des pistes de recherche sont proposées.
(Im)possible neutralité ou comment faire assoir sur un même banc des élèves de religions différentes : le cas de la Suisse au 19 e siècle
Authors: Scholl Sarah
Published: September 2024

L’école laïque, telle qu’elle se met en place progressivement en Suisse au 19 e siècle, en intégrant la liberté de conscience dans l’enseignement, est une véritable révolution. Elle a notamment pour but de permettre à des enfants de religions ou confessions différentes de fréquenter les mêmes classes, comme le montre le cas des trois cantons protestants de Suisse romande, qui connaissent une diversité religieuse après 1800 : Vaud, Neuchâtel et Genève. Historiquement, ce modèle de neutralité confessionnelle de l’école émane pour partie des pédagogues chrétiens eux-mêmes, mais il n’est pourtant pas accepté par l’ensemble des autorités d’Église et a même été accusé de promouvoir « l’hérésie ». Cet article vise à comprendre le processus qui conduit à la laïcisation des contenus et du cadre scolaire tout en s’interrogeant sur les résistances rencontrées par l’analyse des attentes spirituelles, morales et dogmatiques des autorités chrétiennes. L’article vise à enrichir l’histoire du pluralisme, par la compréhension des solutions de vivre-ensemble et leurs limites.
Devenir un.e citoyen.ne à l’École.La socialisation politique des collégien.nes et lycéen.nes en France : involution ou dévolution ?
Authors: Charmillot Samuel , Fouquet-Chauprade Barbara , Felouzis Georges
Published: September 2024

Cet article défend l’idée que l’étude de la socialisation politique ne peut se limiter à celle de la participation politique, du vote ou de l’intérêt que l’on y porte. Il interroge autant l’acquisition des connaissances et compétences nécessaires pour participer au fonctionnement politique que la façon dont les normes sociales façonnent les attitudes et comportements politiques des individus. À travers une analyse secondaire des données du CNESCO récoltées en 2018 auprès des collégiens et lycéens, cinq dimensions sont étudiées : sentiment de compétence pour la politique, intérêt porté au politique, implication dans des instances de participation politique, connaissances du fonctionnement politique, confiance dans les institutions. L’article interroge comment s’articulent et évoluent ces dimensions selon les contextes institutionnels de scolarisation des élèves. Les résultats montrent que si les caractéristiques individuelles font varier le degré de socialisation politique, elle n’évolue pas de la même façon partout ; ils questionnent finalement la façon dont l’École conçoit le processus de socialisation politique et le rôle qu’elle lui assigne.
Integration of interactive computer simulations in teaching and learning chemical reaction: Students’ performance and concept retention
Authors: Batamuliza Jane , Habinshuti Gonzague , Nkurunziza Jean Baptiste
Published: September 2024

This current study presented the effects of interactive computer simulations on students' performance and concept retention in the unit of chemical reactions. Purposive sampling was used to select four schools with 320 students, in Kayonza district Rwanda. The Achievement test on chemical reactions was developed, validated, and checked for reliability. The participating students were in grade 8. The collected data was analyzed in MS Excel and SPSS. The independent sample t-tests were computed to compare the groups and reveal the effectiveness of interactive computer simulations. After the intervention, the experimental groups’ post-test means achievement scores of (8.67) were higher than that of the control groups (6.69). The difference between the two mean scores was statistically significant: t (318) = 6.3, p= .000. The experimental group also had higher mean post-retention-test scores of (M = 8.07, α = .29) than that of the control group (M =5.58, α = .19) which was statistically significant at t (318) = 7.28, p = .000. Therefore, it is concluded that interactive computer simulations enhance students’ performance and improve their concept retention. The study recommends that simulations should be used to supplement the teaching and learning of chemistry and other science subjects in general.
Perceptions of Health Care Provider Interactions Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Hearing Trouble and the Role of an Accompanying Companion
Authors: Wallace Laura G. , Menon Katherine N. , Garcia Morales Emmanuel E. , Shin John J. , Kolberg Elizabeth R. , Myers Clarice , Deal Jennifer A. , Reed Nicholas S.
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Hearing trouble (HT) impairs communication with health care providers (HCPs) and may lead to negative care experiences that impact health outcomes. The current study aimed to examine how HT influences patient perceptions of provider interactions and whether having an accompanying companion during health care visits modifies perceptions of provider interactions.

Method

This cross-sectional study analyzed 9,104 responses from the 2016 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.

Results

Compared to beneficiaries without HT, those with HT had greater odds of negative perceptions of HCP interactions. Beneficiaries with HT had greater odds of disagreeing with positive statements about care, including provider competence, provider cares to check everything, provider response, and provider rarely in a hurry. Having an accompanying companion during health care visits was not found to significantly modify perceptions of interactions.

Conclusion

Findings suggest HT is a modifiable factor impacting health care communication. Implementing simple accommodation strategies in clinical practice can improve nursing care for older adults with HT. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(11), 29–35.]
Adding a Mobility Champion to an Existing Progressive Mobility Protocol: An Evidence-Based Initiative
Authors: Redler Gwen , Bauce Karen
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This evidence-based initiative assessed the effect of adding a mobility champion to an existing progressive mobility protocol on functional decline in hospitalized older adults as evidenced by recommended discharge to home versus an inpatient rehabilitation facility.

Method

Older adults admitted from home to a 47-bed medical-surgical telemetry unit who were assessed as ambulatory, either independently or with assistance (Level 5), and with a progressive mobility order in the electronic health record were included in the initiative. Patient care associates who volunteered to be mobility champions were trained how to safely ambulate patients.

Results

Patients who worked with a mobility champion were less likely to be referred to inpatient rehabilitation post discharge for further care due to functional decline.

Conclusion

Mobility has a critical role in the maintenance of hospitalized older adults' functional abilities and is a determinate of their post discharge disposition. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(11), 37–43.]
The Minimum Patient Acceptable Symptom State for the ACL-Return to Sport after Injury Scale Among Patients Treated With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Dwyer Tim , Ajrawat Prabjit , Lameire Darius Luke , Betsch Marcel , Whelan Daniel , Shahrokhi Shahram , Theodoropoulos John , Hoit Graeme , Chahal Jaskarndip
Published: September 2024

Background

Despite most patients reporting optimal knee function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), not all return to their pre-injury level of sport, often due to psychological factors. The ACL-Return to Sport after Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) was developed to measure the emotions, confidence in performance, and risk appraisal among athletes returning to sport. The purpose of this study was to determine the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) threshold for the ACL-RSI in patients undergoing ACLR.

Materials and Methods

Patients with an ACL injury that required surgical reconstruction were included in this prospective study. All patients underwent ACLR with a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft and completed the ACL-RSI 12 months postoperatively. An anchor-based approach was used to generate a receiver operating characteristic curve and establish the PASS threshold. Multivariable regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age, sex, and baseline score on likelihood of achieving PASS.

Results

A total of 113 patients (37% female) with a mean age of 28.1±8.2 years and a mean body mass index of 24.7±3.5 kg/m
2
were included. At 12 months postoperatively, the threshold value for the PASS of the ACL-RSI was 40 (robust area under the curve: 0.89; sensitivity: 81%; specificity: 85%). Baseline score, sex, and age had no significant influence on achieving PASS at 12 months postoperatively.

Conclusion

In a group of patients undergoing ACLR with bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft, the PASS threshold value was 40 for the ACL-RSI at 12 months postoperatively. The PASS value for the ACL-RSI established from this study can be useful for designing future clinical trials. [
Orthopedics
. 2025;48(1):20–24.]
A Bhattacharyya Triangular intuitionistic fuzzy sets with a Owa operator-based decision making for optimal portfolio selection in Saudi exchange
Authors: Sharma Sunil Kumar
Published: September 2024

The capital market in Saudi Arabia is fast growing. Assurance of an informed decision while investing in the Saudi Stock Exchange is critical. There has also been an increased quest for advanced decision-making tools due to complexities in selecting a given portfolio, which remains a critical issue of concern among investors in the face of modern investment environment challenges. The research paper offered shall deliver an innovative MCDM technique through which an MCDM model shall be developed in the Saudi Stock Exchange. This MCDM model uses BTIFS with an OWA operator. A novelty of the proposed study is identifying the optimal weight that will be obtained through a newly developed optimization technique known as TFOA. TFOA is a hybrid methodology that brings on board the strengths of DMOA, MPA, and EO for a more precise and efficient calculation of the ideal weights in the portfolio selection process. This would improve the adaptability and effectiveness of the suggested MCDM structure. The effectiveness of the approach is established by comparative analysis with the already existing methods of MCDM, which proves it superior for the optimization of investment portfolios. Sensitivity analysis also conducted to evaluate the strength and dependability of the suggested method. The ranking of weighted portfolios by the ELECTRE method is also, which more establishes the applicability of BTIFS-OWA in real life. The results indicate that the BTIFS-OWA approach along with the TFOA for determining optimal weights provides significant improvements in decision-making accuracy and portfolio optimization compared to traditional methods.
Gradient-enhanced fractional physics-informed neural networks for solving forward and inverse problems of the multiterm time-fractional Burger-type equation
Authors: Yuan Shanhao , Liu Yanqin , Xu Yibin , Li Qiuping , Guo Chao , Shen Yanfeng
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we introduced the gradient-enhanced fractional physics-informed neural networks (gfPINNs) for solving the forward and inverse problems of the multiterm time-fractional Burger-type equation. The gfPINNs leverage gradient information derived from the residual of the fractional partial differential equation and embed the gradient into the loss function. Since the standard chain rule in integer calculus is invalid in fractional calculus, the automatic differentiation of neural networks does not apply to fractional operators. The automatic differentiation for the integer order operators and the finite difference discretization for the fractional operators were used to construct the residual in the loss function. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of gfPINNs in solving the multiterm time-fractional Burger-type equation. By comparing the experimental results of fractional physics-informed neural networks (fPINNs) and gfPINNs, it can be seen that the training performance of gfPINNs is better than fPINNs.
Mulheres brasileiras na Astronomia e Astronáutica: uma retrospectiva histórica
Authors: Oliveira Ana Lara Martins de , Buffon Alessandra Daniela , Martins Milene Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

A Astronomia e a Astronáutica são ramos da Ciência que desvendam os mistérios do espaço e as formas de chegarmos até lá. Contudo, para as mulheres, as oportunidades de participar da ciência, de forma geral, são limitadas e pouco divulgadas. Desta forma, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as contribuições de mulheres brasileiras na Astronomia e na Astronáutica, a partir de tal inquietação: qual é a participação de mulheres brasileiras na Astronomia e na Astronáutica? A fim de responder esse questionamento, foi realizado uma pesquisa qualitativa, seguindo os pressupostos metodológicos da Pesquisa Qualitativa Descritiva. Como resultados, observou-se que a Astronomia e Astronáutica brasileira feita por mulheres é gigante, e as suas contribuições merecem o reconhecimento devido, bem como terem uma divulgação ampla para inspirar meninas e mulheres a seguirem carreiras científicas.
Parallel 3-RSR Wrist Rehabilitation Mechanism and Motion Performance Analysis
Authors: Cui Bing Yan , Yin Chen Xu , Kai Ju , Zhe Ma , Li Wen Jing
Published: September 2024

In order to help patients with wrist injuries to carry out recovery training, a simple and portable parallel 3-RSR wrist rehabilitation mechanism was introduced in order to achieve the expected therapeutic effect. Firstly, the parallel 3-RSR wrist rehabilitation mechanism is described. Taking the parallel mechanism as the research object, the degree of freedom is calculated and the pose is solved by analytical method, which verifies the rationality of the mechanism motion. Then, based on the boundary search method, the reachable workspace of the parallel wrist rehabilitation mechanism is analyzed, and the relevant workspace map is drawn. Finally, considering the reasonable optimization of the structural size of the workspace, the results show that the optimized reachable attitude workspace is significantly larger than the initial workspace. This study provides a theoretical reference for the ontology design of rehabilitation institutions.
Synthesis and Analyses of Hair Conditioner with Natural Essence from Picea Pungens Glauca Leaves
Authors: Şimşek Veli , Çağlayan Mustafa Oğuzhan , Aktaş Tuğba
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this study is to synthesize hair conditioners using natural essence sources and determine the fluid properties of hair conditioners. The essence obtained from Picea pungens glauca (Blue Spruce Pine) leaves using Soxhlet extraction via ethanol was used to formulate a hair conditioner. Picea pungens, native to North America, are resistant to wind and air pollution and are grown in many regions. It has a strong flavor due to the terpenes in the leaf extracts. Here, we formulated a hair conditioner with these extracts, and then the physical and chemical features of the conditioners were examined. Characterization studies were done by viscometer, gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. On the other hand, the shear rate and viscosity values were used to determine whether the synthesized creams were Newtonian or non-Newtonian. The conditioners were determined to be Newtonian fluids based on the results obtained.
KEAP1-NRF2 Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Target for EGFR-Mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Choi Jae-Sun , Kang Hye-Min , Na Kiyong , Kim Jiwon , Kim Tae-Woo , Jung Junyang , Lim Heejin , Seo Hyewon , Lee Seung Hyeun
Published: September 2024

Background: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)–nuclear factor erythroid- 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway is a major regulator protecting cells from oxidative and metabolic stress. Studies have revealed that this pathway is involved in mediating resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapy; however, its implications in oncogene-addicted tumors are largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate whether this pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.Methods: We measured the baseline expression of NRF2 using EGFR-mutant parental cells and acquired gefitinib resistant cells. We investigated whether NRF2 inhibition affected cell death in vitro and tumor growth in vivo using a xenograft mouse model, and compared the transcriptional changes before and after NRF2 inhibition.Results: Baseline NRF2 expression was enhanced in PC9 and PC9 with gefitinib resistance (PC9/GR) cells than in other cell lines, with a more prominent expression in PC9/ GR. The NRF2 inhibitor induced NRF2 downregulation and cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Cotreatment with an NRF2 inhibitor enhanced osimertinib-induced cell death in vitro, and potentiated tumor growth inhibition in a PC9/GR xenograft model. Finally, RNA sequencing revealed that NRF2 inhibition resulted in the altered expression of multiple genes involved in various signaling pathways.Conclusion: We identified that NRF2 inhibition enhanced cell death and inhibited tumor growth in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant lung cancer with EGFR-mutation. Thus, NRF2 modulation may be a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome the resistance to EGFR-TKIs.
Cormorant Fancraft UAS: Internal Rotor Technology Maturing
Authors:   Urban Aeronautics Ltd, Yoeli Rafi , Traeger Yitzchak
Published: September 2024

Fancraft™ configurations have been attempted with varying degrees of success with the Piasecki ducted fan 'AirGeeps' back in the 1960s the most notable. Technical challenges tabled these vehicles at the time in favor of open rotor (helicopter) aircraft designs. Urban Aeronautics Ltd (UA) was formed in 2000 to pursue the development of compact, internal rotor configurations that addressed the earlier challenges of Fancraft™. Tactical-Robotics Ltd (TRL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of UA focused primarily on the development of military and homeland security variants of Fancraft™ including unmanned platforms. The Cormorant is a multirole UAS platform capable of a wide range of missions into complex, obstacle ridden terrain. In flight testing since 2010, it has achieved a TRL of 5. These test results have confirmed that earlier 'AirGeep challenges' have been addressed and expected performance goals have been substantiated thus far. Fancraft™ have proven viable and future testing will focus on the cruise flight regime and more advanced levels of autonomy with the goal of attaining a TRL level 6 in the next phase of testing.
Interactional Aerodynamic Insight Obtained from Wind Tunnel Testing and Computational Analysis
Authors:   Sikorsky A Lockheed Martin Company, Lorber Peter , Min Byung-Young , Berezin Charles , Wake Brian
Published: September 2024

Interactional aerodynamic interactions between various rotorcraft components can make a large contribution to steady and unsteady loads, performance, and vibration. Wind tunnel results from a powered model test have been analyzed to identify trends in the unsteady aerodynamic pressures on the horizontal stabilizer. Flow velocity measurements were also made behind the fuselage, rotor hub, and blades. Velocity components in all three directions were separated into time-averaged, periodic, and broadband components to identify factors contributing to unsteady tail loads and provide validation data for analysis. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been applied to four configurations of the wind tunnel model. The calculated steady rotor and fuselage forces and the unsteady tail pressures have been compared to experiment. CFD has also been applied to a flight test configuration and the results compared to measured stabilizer accelerations. When all relevant components are included, the CFD analysis captures many key features, but there remains room for improvement in resolving the quantitative details.
Analysis of Rotor Configuration and Ground Proximity Effects on Hover Download
Authors:   Continuum Dynamics Inc., Quackenbush Todd , Whitehouse Glen , Silbaugh Benjamin , Danilov Pavel
Published: September 2024

The impact of hover download on rotorcraft design has long been recognized, though analytical focus on the issue has been intermittent, for both technical and programmatic reasons. Advanced models employed on high performance computer systems have shown impressive ability to capture observed behavior, though physics-based tools better suited to routine early stage design analysis are highly desirable. Prior papers conducted an initial assessment the ability of several contemporary "mid-fidelity" analysis tools to compute download and rotor/airframe interaction on helicopters and compound rotorcraft in hover, with initial studies focusing on single rotor aircraft operating out of ground effect. This paper extends this work to the consideration of other rotor configurations (e.g., tiltrotor/side-by-side and coaxial cases); given the development and prospective use of multiple new vehicles featuring these design elements an assessment of this capability is judged timely. In addition, this paper will address the application of these models to the impact of ground proximity on download, an important operational consideration. The major features of airframe download and rotor performance are captured for several representative cases, and observations on differences in predicted and measured performance are discussed.
Numerical Analysis of Rotor Aero-acoustic Characteristics for Ice Detection based on the HMB Solver
Authors:   Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Chen Xi ,   University of Glasgow, Barakos George , Zhao Qijun
Published: September 2024

In this work, iced rotors are studied to develop insight in the potential of acoustics-based ice detection. Based on the HMB CFD solver, approximate iced shapes are used and results are analyzed using the FW-H method. Several candidate monitoring positions are assessed for acoustic sensors to be placed on the helicopter fuselage. The influence of ice on the aero-acoustic characteristics of a rotor is calculated, and parameters such as the ice amount and the icing position on the blade are quantified.
Impact of Wake Structure Characteristics on Small-Scale Rotor Performance over a Range of Reynolds Numbers
Authors:   The Ohio State University, L. Mark , Harter Braxton , McCrink Matthew , Gregory James
Published: September 2024

Small-scale rotorcraft exhibit degraded aerodynamic efficiency, which has been linked to non-ideal losses within the wake. Unique high-frequency, broad-band features have also been observed, without a physical verification of their origin. This work seeks to gather insight into the behavior of the rotor wake structures as a function of Reynolds number (Re), relate this to performance capabilities and the corresponding far-field acoustic signature. Two-component particle image velocimetry (PIV), performance, and acoustic measurements were performed using three small-scale, NACA 0012 rotors operated over a range of low-Reynolds number conditions. Rotor geometry and operational speed (Ω) were varied to obtain the desired Re variation. Span-wise PIV has demonstrated an absence of tip vortex formation as the operational thrust coefficient (CT) is increased, suggesting outboard tip stalling. Phase-locked, chordwise PIV has confirmed this hypothesis, showing the development of large-scale separation and a highly turbulent downstream wake. The wake characteristics at moderate collective angles (θ) show the presence of periodic counter-rotating structures attributed to laminar boundary layer vortex-shedding. Significant broad-band frequency content was measured, and found to correlate well with a physical quantification of the shedding phenomenon.
Longitudinal analysis of lower limb muscle activity and ankle tendon biosignals using structural equation modeling
Authors: Matsumoto Tatsuhiko , Kano Yutaka
Published: September 2024

We collected biosignals from 63 participants and extracted the features corresponding to each level of exerted muscle force. Data were classified into typical and atypical patterns. Data analysis was performed using the Linear Latent Curve Model (LCM) and the Conditional Linear LCM. The typical patterns demonstrated a high degree of fit. Factors, such as ankle circumference and muscle mass, influenced the model intercept. A larger ankle circumference indicated attenuation of signal transmission from the tendon to the skin surface, leading to lower biosignal values.  These results indicate that biosignals from the tendons near the ankle can be captured using piezoelectric film sensors. There are studies that define biosignals originating from tendons as mechanotendography. It has been demonstrated that the relationship between biosignals originating from tendons and the exerted muscle force can be explained linearly. Insights from this study may facilitate individualized approaches in the fields of motion control and rehabilitation. Physiological studies to elucidate the mechanisms underlying biosignal generation are necessary.
Intervention model in reducing the unmet need for contraception: a systematic literature review on technology-based, community, and health worker interventions
Authors: Nurdini Lia , Anggraeni Legina , Sekarrini Loveria , Mahmud Petriana Ekklesia , Prasetyo Sabarinah
Published: September 2024

The unmet need for contraception is a serious public health problem, and efforts to reduce the unmet need for family planning are a challenge due to the many and complex factors that contribute to the unmet needs. The aim of this study was to systematically review scientific evidence on intervention models that effectively reduce the unmet need for contraception. This study used a systematic review to identify relevant scientific articles. The article search was based on the PICO approach and used a database from https://www.scopus.com/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, https://www.mdpi.com/, https://www.jstor.org/, https://www.nature.com/, https://link.springer.com/. The reviewed material was full-text articles and open-access articles published from 2013 to 2023. Data extraction included author, country, type of intervention, research design, sample, and main research findings. Twelve studies were included in our qualitative synthesis. Technology-based interventions, such as mobile phone instant messaging apps, were implemented in countries like Tajikistan, Bolivia, and Mozambique. Community-based interventions included the Community Family Health=Family Wealth program in Uganda, the Tékponon Jikuagou (TJ) program in Benin, and the Married Adolescent Girls Club (MAG club) and Participatory Women's Group Intervention in Bangladesh. Health worker-led interventions involved community health volunteers in Nepal, postpartum contraceptive counseling, contraceptive counseling for all ages, structured counseling for childbearing couples in Indonesia, and the "Consult and Choose" client-centered family service in Jordan. The findings underscore that varying intervention models can significantly enhance contraceptive use, tailored to specific cultural and regional contexts. These interventions, therefore, hold substantial implications for public health practices aiming to address and reduce the global unmet need for contraception. This systematic review provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of diverse interventions and suggests avenues for public health strategies to expand contraceptive access and use globally.
Challenges with communication of critical laboratory results in a resource-limited setting in South Africa
Authors: Davids Ameerah , Zemlin Annalise E. , Kruger Elsie C.
Published: September 2024

Background: Critical laboratory results are test results suggesting a patient is in immediate danger unless treatment is administered promptly. There is a paucity of studies in sub-Saharan Africa on clinicians’ utility of these results and affected patients’ outcomes. In our resource-limited setting in South Africa, we rely on telephonic communication to convey critical results.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the average time for clinicians to acknowledge these results on the laboratory information system and to determine the outcome of affected patients.Methods: A retrospective descriptive audit at Tygerberg Academic Hospital was conducted between 01 October 2021 and 31 March 2022. Critical results and the time of acknowledgement by clinicians on the laboratory information system were obtained from inpatients and outpatients. One hundred and twenty inpatient critical results were randomly selected for a folder review to determine patient outcome.Results: Overall, 2514 critical results were reported, and 63 results were excluded. The remaining 2451 results were obtained from 1346 patients. The majority (94.5%) of results were obtained from inpatients, where 1681 (68.6%) were acknowledged within 24 h. The folder audit of 120 patients determined that 40 (33.3%) patients demised. In 82 (68.3%) patients, communication of a critical result did not alter clinical management.Conclusion: Critical laboratory results are crucial to patient care. This study found that approximately one-third of critical laboratory results were not used within 24 h. Engaging clinicians in current practice and implementing a means of improved communication of critical results is required.What this study adds: The study adds to the evidence of challenges experienced with communicating critical results to clinicians which could impact patient care. This is especially true in resource-limited settings; clinicians need to be made aware of the importance of these results, and communication modes need to be improved.
Comparative evaluation of different endodontic access cavity designs on canal transportation and centering ability using bondent platinum file system on mandibular molar – An in vitro cone-beam computed tomography study
Authors: Asha K. , Ghivari Sheetal , Pujar Madhu , Sait Sameer
Published: September 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to compare the effects of different endodontic access cavity designs on canal transportation (CT) and centering ability (CA) using the bondent platinum file system on mandibular molars, utilizing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods:

Thirty extracted human permanent mandibular molars which fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided into three groups, Group 1 (TEC): Traditional endodontic access cavity (control group), Group 2 (CEC): Conservative endodontic access cavity, and Group 3 (TrEC): Truss endodontic access cavity. The teeth were scanned using CBCT initially followed by random allocation into three groups. Root canals were prepared using Bondent platinum file system in mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals using #25.06 file and in distal canal #30.06 file. Postpreparation, CBCT scans to assess CT and CA at 3 mm, 5 mm, and 7 mm from the apex. Data analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:

Significant differences (P < 0.01) in mean CT and CA were observed between Group 1 (TEC) and Groups 2 (CEC) and 3 (TrEC). Dentin removal was highest at 3 mm, followed by 5 mm and 7 mm. The distal canal showed the greatest dentin loss compared to other canals.

Conclusion:

Minimal access cavity designs (CEC and TrEC) demonstrated less CT and improved CA compared to the traditional access cavity design (TEC). Study limitations acknowledged that conservative access cavity designs result in less deviation (CT) and better centering of the prepared canals compared to the traditional approach (TEC). These results imply the potential benefits of adopting less invasive access cavity designs in endodontic practice to enhance treatment outcomes.
False High Respiratory Distress Index Due to Mask Leak During Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Titration
Authors: Kedia Yash Sanjay , Ish Pranav , Kumar Rohit , Gupta Nitesh , Shamsi Hassan
Published: September 2024

The treatment of choice for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP), and the optimal pressure for the elimination of obstructive events is set on the basis of titration study. Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA) is characterized by new onset of central apneas in a patient with OSA, while on CPAP therapy. Many risk factors, including some polysomnographic parameters, have an association with TECSA. One such easily correctable factor is mask leak. Mask fitting during CPAP titration is a very important consideration and loose masks can lead to air leaks, causing redness of the eyes, and in some cases, arousal and even central sleep apneas.
A Man with an Usual Cause of Mitral Insufficiency
Authors: Chan Karl , Shing Ching , Wah Chu Man
Published: September 2024

Cardiac calcified amorphous tumors (CAT) are rarely encountered nonneoplastic tumors that may arise within any cardiac chamber. Involvement of the mitral valve causing pathology is even less frequently reported. We report the case of a CAT arising on the posterior mitral valve leaflet resulting in chordal rupture and severe mitral insufficiency. Multi-modality imaging was performed before definitive diagnosis through histology. We review the morphological features encountered in our case to highlight the diagnostic difficulties and raise awareness of this peculiar pathology.
Photon-counting X-ray Computed Tomography Using a Cadmium Telluride Flat Panel Detector with High Spatial Resolutions and Dual-energy Selection
Authors: Sato Jiro , Sato Eiichi , Ito Kazuki , Moriyama Hodaka , Hagiwara Osahiko , Enomoto Toshiyuki , Watanabe Manabu , Yoshida Sohei , Yoshioka Kunihiro , Nitta Hiroyuki
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

To perform energy-dispersive X-ray imaging, we constructed a photon-counting X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner to perform enhanced K-edge CT.

Methods:

X-ray photons penetrating through an object were detected using a cadmium telluride flat panel detector (FPD) with pixel dimensions of 100 × 100 mm2, and 720 radiograms from the FPD were sent to the personal computer to reconstruct tomograms. Gadolinium (Gd) K-edge energy is 50.2 keV, and Gd-Kedge CT was carried out using photons with an energy range of 50–100 keV.

Results:

Compared with low-energy CT of 15–50 keV, the gray density of muscle and bone substantially decreased, and the image contrast of Gd media was improved utilizing Gd-K-edge CT.

Conclusion:

Using the cone beam, the effective pixel dimensions were 80 × 80 μm2, and blood vessels were observed at a high contrast using Gd-Kedge CT.
Impact of Iron Supplementation on the State of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women Suffering from Iron-deficient Anemia
Authors: Jewad Abdulkareem M. , Albakaa Ali A. H. , Khalaf Warqaa S. , Shwayel Ameer J.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

The majority of pregnant women suffer from iron deficiency anemia (IDA). In addition to affecting hematological parameters, IDA disrupts the body’s oxidative balance, which impairs pregnancy outcome.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective is to determine the impact of orally supplementation of ferrous sulfate on pregnant women with IDA on their antioxidant levels and oxidative stress (OS) status.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This case–control study population comprised 60 pregnant women, divided into two categories: 30 pretreated pregnant women with IDA and 30 posttreatment pregnant women after 6–8 weeks with ferrous sulfate 200 mg daily. We also included 30 nonanemic, nonpregnant women as a healthy control group. We measured the antioxidant parameters: total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) oxidant parameter for all groups.

RESULTS:

The results revealed significant decreases in each of hemoglobin (HB), iron, ferritin, TAC, GPx, and SOD, as well as a significant increase in MDA levels (P < 0.000) in the pretreated IDA patients compared to the control group. The oxidant-antioxidant indices TAC, SOD, GPx, and MDA got a lot better after being treated with 200 mg/day of ferrous sulfate for 6–8 weeks. All of the study’s biomarkers showed a positive correlation with the level of HB.

CONCLUSION:

Oxidative stress has been associated with iron-deficient anemia. Supplementation with ferrous sulfate 200 mg is necessary for reducing the resulting OS.
Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Diseases: A Retrospective, Record based Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Qureshi Kamran F. , Patil Yogeshwari , Rajput Prashant
Published: September 2024

Background:

There is a alarming rise of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) prevalence globally, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The burden of Chronic Kidney Diseases is rapidly rising in developing countries. The study aimed to assess the major risk factors of CKD in patients of a tertiary hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Hospital-based, retrospective study was conducted at a hospital, in Mumbai, among CKD patients. Medical records of 500 CKD patients were analysed.

Results:

The mean age of participants was 53.87 years. Majority of the patients had risk factors for CKD such as hypertension and diabetes. The mean serum creatinine was 4.04 mg/dL. Majority of the cases were in G4 and G5 stages of CKD and 201 patients had undergone kidney transplant. Association between age and transplant was significant. Furthermore, association between developing New Onset Diabetes Mellitus After Transplantation (NODAT) was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Major risk factors for CKD were hypertension, diabetes and advancing age. Most of the cases of CKD were diagnosed late. There should be increased awareness about CKD among the population with special emphasis on cases of hypertension and diabetes.
Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus oblique subcostal transverse abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia and stress response in inguinal herniorrhaphy
Authors: Ali Hani G. , Eldadamony Mohamed Zenat , Rashad Aly E. , Elatief Elneegery Naglaa A.
Published: September 2024

Background

Hernia of the inguinal region is a common ailment that frequently necessitates surgical intervention. Inguinal hernia repair is linked to substantial pain after the surgery and a potential for the occurrence of persistent pain in the long run. The increased utilization of ultrasonography in anesthesiology departments has led to the development of novel regional block technology in clinical settings.

Aim

Compare between ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and oblique subcostal transverse abdominis plane block (OSTAPB) for patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair regarding the quality of anesthesia as the primary outcome.

Patients and methods

Fifty-six patients were recruited and were randomized to receive ultrasound-guided ESPB or OSTAPB after induction of general anesthesia. The main outcome was the quality of anesthesia and the stress response (cortisol level) between the two techniques. The secondary outcomes were the duration of sensory block, changes in intraoperative hemodynamics, total amount of rescue analgesia, and incidence of complications.

Results

In the current study, at 8 and 12 h postoperative, the visual analog scale score was statistically significantly higher in the OSTAPB group. The percentage of cases that required rescue analgesia and the total dose of rescue analgesia were significantly higher in the OSTAPB group. After the surgery, the cortisol level was significantly higher in the OSTAPB group.

Conclusion

Ultrasound-guided ESPB improved analgesic control by decreasing postoperative pain score and reducing postoperative rescue analgesia intake. Also, the same technique was associated with lower stress response.
Efficacy of quadratus lumborum block as a relatively new analgesic technique in patients undergoing open inguinal hernia surgical repair
Authors: Abdelmaboud Ahmed M.A. , Ahmed Ahmed M. , Mousa Alhdad A. , Mahmoud Wael A.
Published: September 2024

Study objective

To determine the analgesic efficacy of ultrasonographic guided transmuscular graduatus lumborum block (QLB) in patients undergoing open inguinal hernia surgery.

Design

Prospective randomized double-blinded study.

Methodology and interventions

This prospective randomized double-blinded study was carried out at Sohag University hospital, after local research ethical committee approval and obtaining informed written consent from all patients participating in the study or their guardians. A total of 50 patients (ASA grade I to II) were posted for open inguinal hernia surgery. All patients underwent the operation under general anesthesia. Then patients were randomly divided into two equal groups: group A (QLB group, N=25): were underwent a transmuscular QLB approach, after wound dressing with a single shot of a total volume of 20 ml of mixture (10 ml bupivacaine 0.5% and10 ml normal saline). Group B (control group N=2): patients received only general anesthesia with conventional intravenous analgesia.

Measurements

Pain intensity between groups was compared using the Visual Analog Score (VAS), furthermore, analgesic consumption (morphine and ketorolac) and additional rescue analgesic requirements were also calculated.

Results

Postoperative VAS scores at rest and during movement were significantly lower in group (QLB) A than the control group B at 1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 h, the time of first rescue analgesia was significantly delayed in QLB group (15.8±3.94 h) than the control group (8.5±4.29 h). Number of patients required morphine was significantly different between both groups. Number of patients required ketorolac was significantly lower in QLB group than in the control group. Total morphine and ketorolac requirements were significantly lower in group A (2.5±0.71 mg, 75±25.1), respectively than those consumed by the control group B (4.7±0.49, 126±23.24), respectively.

Conclusions

QLB significantly improves the analgesic quality in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair compared to the standard intravenous analgesia regimen.
Efficacy and feasibility of enhanced recovery after open renal surgery in Cairo University Hospital: a cohort study
Authors: Seif Nazmy E. , El Khouly Manar M. , Mansour Bassem R.K. , Salem Atef K.S. , Jaccoub Victor F.
Published: September 2024

Aim

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) regarding the reduction of length of hospital stay, incidence of complications, and readmission rate in patients undergoing open renal surgery.

Settings and design

This cohort study was conducted at the theater for urological surgeries at the Cairo University Teaching Hospital.

Patients and methods

The patients received general anesthesia using the standard center preferences. General anesthesia was supplemented by regional anesthesia in the form of erector spinae plane block (ESPB). Then patients were awakened using the ERAS protocol. Sixty-five adult patients (aged 18–60 years) of both sexes who were scheduled for open renal surgery under general anesthesia were included in the study. Patients with an American Association of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II were eligible. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the level of pain helping rapid recovery of all patients. Patients received ESPB after general anesthesia. Proper analgesia was assessed and evaluated to help patients with rapid ambulation and recovery. Days of hospital stay and postoperative pain were measured using the VAS score at specific intervals. In addition, the number of daily opioid doses administered, time to ambulation, time of indwelling nephrostomy tube and urethral catheter, and incidence of complications (secondary hemorrhage) were recorded.

Results

During our ERAS plan supplementing general anesthesia with ESPB in patients scheduled for open renal surgeries, VAS scores were significantly low which did not need extra analgesics in most cases, and the daily doses of nalbuphine required were significantly decreased. Early ambulation has shown a great improvement with a shorter hospital stay and early removal of drains and catheters with a lower incidence of complications.

Conclusions

ERAS is a multimodal approach to perioperative care that can be applied to any type of surgery, and it has been shown to improve patient recovery, reduce complications, enhance patient satisfaction, and lower hospitalization costs following open renal surgeries.