bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum citrullinated histone H3 concentrations differentiate patients with septic verses non-septic shock and correlate with disease severity
Authors: Tian Yuzi , Russo Rachel M. , Li Yongqing , Karmakar Monita , Liu Baoling , Puskarich Michael A. , Jones Alan E. , Stringer Kathleen A. , Standiford Theodore J. , Alam Hasan B.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

Microbial infection stimulates neutrophil/macrophage/monocyte extracellular trap formation, which leads to the release of citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) 2 and 4. Understanding these molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of septic shock will be an important next step for developing novel diagnostic and treatment modalities. We sought to determine the expression of CitH3 in patients with septic shock, and to correlate CitH3 levels with PAD2/PAD4 and clinically relevant outcomes.

Methods

Levels of CitH3 were measured in serum samples of 160 critically ill patients with septic and non-septic shock, and healthy volunteers. Analyses of clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients were conducted.

Results

Levels of circulating CitH3 at enrollment were significantly increased in septic shock patients (n = 102) compared to patients hospitalized with non-infectious shock (NIC) (n = 32, p < 0.0001). The area under the curve (95% CI) for distinguishing septic shock from NIC using CitH3 was 0.76 (0.65–0.86). CitH3 was positively correlated with PAD2 and PAD4 concentrations and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Scores [total score (r = 0.36, p < 0.0001)]. The serum levels of CitH3 at 24 h (p < 0.01) and 48 h (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the septic patients that did not survive.

Conclusion

CitH3 is increased in patients with septic shock. Its serum concentrations correlate with disease severity and prognosis, which may yield vital insights into the pathophysiology of sepsis.
Mating Decisions in the Absence of Physical Attraction
Authors: White Kaitlyn P. , Jonason Peter K. , Al-Shawaf Laith
Published: September 2020

Objective

Mates high in physical attractiveness are in short supply, which means that not all people are able to find mates who are sufficiently attractive. Threshold models of mate preferences suggest that when physical attractiveness minimums are not reached, other traits possessed by a potential partner may play a lesser role in mate choice. However, few studies have sought to understand mating decisions when those minimums are not met.

Methods

In this experiment (N = 186), participants rated images of (pre-rated) unattractive opposite-sex others for long-term and short-term relationships after learning dealbreaker or dealmaker information.

Results

While participants did not find targets highly desirable or physically attractive (as a stimulus check), men were more willing than women to have casual sex, and that men and women reported similar desirability ratings towards long-term partners. Learning dealbreakers was associated with less desire for the targets than dealmakers, but women’s lack of interest was insensitive to mating context, whereas men found the target especially undesirable in the long-term context. Additionally, men were willing to consider a long-term relationship with a physically unattractive partner who possessed dealmakers, but not one who possessed dealbreakers.

Conclusions

Our discussion focuses on men and women’s mating decisions when potential partners fail to meet minimum thresholds for physical attractiveness. Future research is needed to explore the magnitude of the effect of meeting or failing to meet one’s minimum thresholds for physical attractiveness.
A NOTE ON EURIPIDES, ALCESTIS 106
Authors: Lionetti Ruggiero
Published: September 2020

In the anapaestic sequences of Eur. Alc. 93–7 and 105–11, a fast-paced exchange takes place between two choreuts (or two groups of choreuts) eager to learn about Alcestis’ fate. The two passages pose several metrical and textual problems. The most serious is the presence at lines 94 and 106 of the ᴗ ᴗ – – sequence (a ‘catalectic monometer’), which finds no parallel in anapaestic poetry from any age or literary genre. The same sequence occurs at the beginning of the short anapaestic coda of lines 132–5, which, whether authentic or not, from a metrical point of view presents certain affinities with the two previous sequences.
Facilitating factors and challenges of the implementation of multisectoral nutrition programmes at the community level to improve optimal infant and young child feeding practices: a qualitative study in Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouedraogo Ousmane , Doudou Maimouna Halidou , Drabo Koiné Maxime , Kiburente Médiatrice , Cissé Djibril , Mésenge Christian , Sanou Dia , Zagre Noel Marie , Donnen Philippe
Published: September 2020

Objectives:

To identify the drivers and challenges of successful nutrition programme implementation in a multisectoral, community-level approach to improve infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices in northern Burkina Faso.

Design:

A qualitative study was conducted in 2019 through (i) individual interviews with key informants from five different sectors (health, agriculture, environment, livestock and education) and association staff, agents and community leaders and (ii) focus groups with mothers of children under the age of 2 years.

Setting:

Three health districts in the northern region of Burkina Faso implemented a multisectoral community nutrition programme to improve IYCF practices.

Participants:

Forty-seven implementing actors and twenty-four beneficiary mothers.

Results:

Factors influencing successful implementation include community participation; sector commitment and involvement; the existence of nutrition champions; capacity building; the integration of interventions; micronutrient powder distribution; the introduction of nutrition-sensitive interventions, such as the promotion of the consumption of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes; improved food production and small livestock rearing and the effective coordination of actors and complementary funding. The main challenges of the implementation of multisectorality are low participation among nutrition-sensitive sectors, a tendency for siloed work among sectors, scheduling conflicts, high actor mobility, differences in the target population by sector, a lack of technical skills among community workers, insufficient financial resources, low geographic convergence and coverage of beneficiaries, a lack of a multisectoral monitoring mechanism and accountability and insecurity.

Conclusions:

Strengthening sector participation, identifying a common targeting strategy and mobilising financial resources have the potential to significantly reduce barriers and improve the quality of implementation.
Wie gehen wir als psychisch Kranke mit Armut um?
Authors: Jeckenburg Tobias
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung. Seelische Erkrankungen sind häufig mit wirtschaftlicher Not verbunden. Aus der Distanz sind die konkreten Sorgen oft nicht nachvollziehbar. Umso beeindruckender sind Erfahrungsberichte von Menschen, die das Dilemma hautnah kennen.
A Clearer Look at Lunar Surface Hydration
Authors: Rehnberg Morgan
Published: September 2020

Independent ground-based observations of the Moon confirm prior spacecraft observations that hydration at the lunar surface varies with temperature.
The Role of Redox on Bridgmanite Crystal Chemistry and Calcium Speciation in the Lower Mantle
Authors: Creasy Neala , Girard Jennifer , Eckert James O. , Lee Kanani K. M.
Published: September 2020

The amount of ferric iron Fe3+ in the lower mantle is largely unknown and may be influenced by the disproportionation reaction of ferrous iron Fe2+ into metallic Fe and Fe3+ triggered by the formation of bridgmanite. Recent work has shown that Fe3+ has a strong effect on the density and seismic wave speeds of bridgmanite and the incorporation of impurities such as aluminum. In order to further investigate the effects of ferric iron on mineral behavior at lower mantle conditions, we conducted laser‐heated diamond‐anvil cell (LHDAC) experiments on two sets of samples nearly identical in composition (an aluminum‐rich pyroxenite glass) except for the Fe3+ content; with one sample with more Fe3+ (“oxidized”: Fe3+/ΣFe ~ 55%) and the other with less Fe3+ (“reduced”: Fe3+/ΣFe ~ 11%). We heated the samples to lower mantle conditions, and the resulting assemblages were drastically different between the two sets of samples. For the reduced composition, we observed a multiphase assemblage dominated by bridgmanite and calcium perovskite. In contrast, the oxidized material yielded a single phase of Ca‐bearing bridgmanite. These Al‐rich pyroxenite samples show a difference in density and seismic velocities for these two redox states, where the reduced assemblage is denser than the oxidized assemblage by ~1.5% at the bottom of the lower mantle and slower (bulk sound speed) by ~2%. Thus, heterogeneities of Fe3+ content may lead to density and seismic wave speed heterogeneities in Earth's lower mantle.
Mapping Intrinsic and Scattering Attenuation in the Southern Aegean Crust Using S Wave Envelope Inversion and Sensitivity Kernels Derived From Perturbation Theory
Authors: Ranjan P. , Konstantinou K. I.
Published: September 2020

We applied sensitivity kernels based on perturbation theory to map the crustal intrinsic and scattering attenuation of S wave envelopes in the southern Aegean. The southern Aegean crust is under extension due to the rollback of the Nubian plate, which is subducting beneath the Aegean plate. The waveforms of 104,531 crustal events (<40 km) were used to calculate S wave envelopes in four frequency bands. The S wave envelopes were modeled using the 3‐D isotropic solution of the radiative transfer equation with a factor for energy leakage. A two‐stage grid search with linear least squares was applied to estimate the attenuation parameters from each S wave envelope. Then we calculated the 2‐D scattering and absorption sensitivity kernels for each wave path based on perturbation theory. These kernels and the envelope attenuation parameters were inverted using the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to obtain maps of intrinsic and scattering attenuation (Qi−1 and Qsc−1). High Qi−1 has thermal origin associated with fluids while high Qsc−1 stems from velocity contrasts caused by deformed structure such as faults, folds, or fractures. The Corinth rift, the Santorini‐Amorgos zone, and the Gulf of Gökova show strong extensional deformation, which may produce high Qsc−1. The deformed oceanic material accreted below the continental crust and fractures generated by large thrust earthquakes likely produce high Qsc−1 in Crete. The Corinth rift with its repeated earthquake swarms demonstrates fluid activity, which can explain high Qi−1. Thermal contrasts generated by metamorphic core complexes are a potential source of Qi−1 in Cyclades and Crete.
Reconstruction of Extreme Geomagnetic Storms: Breaking the Data Paucity Curse
Authors: Sitnov M. I. , Stephens G. K. , Tsyganenko N. A. , Korth H. , Roelof E. C. , Brandt P. C. , Merkin V. G. , Ukhorskiy A. Y.
Published: September 2020

Reconstruction of the magnetic field, electric current, and plasma pressure is provided using a new data mining (DM) method with weighted nearest neighbors (NN) for strong storms with the storm activity index Sym‐H < −300 nT, the Bastille Day event (July 2000), and the 20 November 2003 superstorm. It is shown that the new method significantly reduces the statistical bias of the original NN algorithm toward weaker storms. In the DM approach the magnetic field is reconstructed using a small NN subset of the large historical database, with the subset number KNN ≫ 1 being still much larger than any simultaneous multiprobe observation number. This allows one to fit with observations a very flexible magnetic field model using basis function expansions for equatorial and field‐aligned currents, and at the same time, to keep the model sensitive to storm variability. This also allows one to calculate the plasma pressure by integrating the quasi‐static force balance equation with the isotropic plasma approximation. For strong storms of particular importance becomes the resolution of the eastward current, which prevents the divergence of the pressure integral. It is shown that in spite of the strong reduction of the dominant NN number in the new weighted NN algorithm to capture strong storm features, it is still possible to resolve the eastward current and to retrieve plasma pressure distributions. It is found that the pressure peak for strong storms may be as close as ≈2.1RE to Earth and its value may exceed 300 nPa.
Impaired RIPK1 ubiquitination sensitizes mice to TNF toxicity and inflammatory cell death
Authors: Kist Matthias , Kőműves László G. , Goncharov Tatiana , Dugger Debra L. , Yu Charles , Roose-Girma Merone , Newton Kim , Webster Joshua D. , Vucic Domagoj
Published: September 2020

Receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1; RIPK1) is a key regulator of multiple signaling pathways that mediate inflammatory responses and cell death. TNF-TNFR1 triggered signaling complex formation, subsequent NF-κB and MAPK activation and induction of cell death involve RIPK1 ubiquitination at several lysine residues including Lys376 and Lys115. Here we show that mutating the ubiquitination site K376 of RIPK1 (K376R) in mice activates cell death resulting in embryonic lethality. In contrast toRipk1K376R/K376Rmice,Ripk1K115R/K115Rmice reached adulthood and showed slightly higher responsiveness to TNF-induced death. Cell death observed inRipk1K376R/K376Rembryos relied on RIPK1 kinase activity as administration of RIPK1 inhibitor GNE684 to pregnant heterozygous mice effectively blocked cell death and prolonged survival. Embryonic lethality ofRipk1K376R/K376Rmice was prevented by the loss of TNFR1, or by simultaneous deletion of caspase-8 and RIPK3. Interestingly, elimination of the wild-type allele from adultRipk1K376R/ckomice was tolerated. However, adultRipk1K376R/ckomice were exquisitely sensitive to TNF-induced hypothermia and associated lethality. Absence of the K376 ubiquitination site diminished K11-linked, K63-linked, and linear ubiquitination of RIPK1, and promoted the assembly of death-inducing cellular complexes, suggesting that multiple ubiquitin linkages contribute to the stability of the RIPK1 signaling complex that stimulates NF-κB and MAPK activation. In contrast, mutating K115 did not affect RIPK1 ubiquitination or TNF stimulated NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Overall, our data indicate that selective impairment of RIPK1 ubiquitination can lower the threshold for RIPK1 activation by TNF resulting in cell death and embryonic lethality.
Publisher Correction: The dual role of curcumin and ferulic acid in counteracting chemoresistance and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity
Authors: Paciello Fabiola , Fetoni Anna Rita , Mezzogori Daniele , Rolesi Rolando , Di Pino Antonella , Paludetti Gaetano , Grassi Claudio , Troiani Diana
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher Correction: Evidence of radial Weibel instability in relativistic intensity laser-plasma interactions inside a sub-micron thick liquid target
Authors: Ngirmang Gregory K. , Morrison John T. , George Kevin M. , Smith Joseph R. , Frische Kyle D. , Orban Chris , Chowdhury Enam A. , Roquemore W. Mel
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
5G planar branch line coupler design based on the analysis of dielectric constant, loss tangent and quality factor at high frequency
Authors: Mohd Shukor Nor Azimah , Seman Norhudah
Published: September 2020

This study focuses on the effect of different dielectric properties in the design of 3-dB planar branch line coupler (BLC) using RT5880, RO4350, TMM4 and RT6010, particularly at high frequency of 26 GHz, the fifth generation (5G) operating frequency. The analysis conducted in this study is based on the dielectric constant, loss tangent and quality factor (Q-factor) associated with the dielectric properties of the substrate materials. Accordingly, the substrate that displayed the best performance for high frequency application had the lowest dielectric constant, lowest loss tangent and highest Q-factor (i.e., RT5880), and it was chosen to enhance our proposed 3-dB BLC. This enhanced 3-dB BLC was designed with the inclusion of microstrip-slot stub impedance at each port for bandwidth enhancement, and the proposed prototype had dimensions of 29.9 mm × 19.9 mm. The design and analysis of the proposed 3-dB BLC were accomplished by employing CST Microwave Studio. The performance of scattering parameters and the phase difference of the proposed BLC were then assessed and verified through laboratory measurement.
Foveated near-eye display for mixed reality using liquid crystal photonics
Authors: Lee Seungjae , Wang Mengfei , Li Gang , Lu Lu , Sulai Yusufu , Jang Changwon , Silverstein Barry
Published: September 2020

Foveated near-eye display is one of the most promising approaches to deliver immersive experience of mixed reality. However, it is challenged to conceive a compact optical system. Here, we introduce a method to use polarization optics via liquid crystal photonics to improve the foveated display performance. We demonstrate a benchtop prototype of this idea. We implement and combine two display modules for peripheral and foveal visions. A peripheral display consists of a polarization selective lens (PSL) module, a polarization selective diffuser (PSD), and a slanted projection system. An 80$$^\circ$$

∘

diagonal field of view is achieved by on-axis optical configuration of the PSL module and the PSD. A foveal holographic display is composed of a spatial light modulator (SLM), a volume grating lens, and a microelectromechanical system mirror possibly in combination with a switchable polarization selective grating module. The holographic reconstruction using the SLM enables accurate focus cue generation and high resolution above 30 cycles per degree within 15$$^\circ$$

∘

by 15$$^\circ$$

∘

field of view. We explore and discuss the liquid crystal photonics in the prototype that has a novel optical design using volume gratings with polarization selectivity.
Rapid adulteration detection of cold pressed oils with their refined versions by UV–Vis spectroscopy
Authors: Popa Simona , Milea Marius Silviu , Boran Sorina , Nițu Sabina Violeta , Moșoarcă Giannin Emanuel , Vancea Cosmin , Lazău Radu Ioan
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study is the rapid detection of food pressed oils adulteration with their refined versions, using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The study investigates some common oil physico-chemical parameters such are: density, viscosity, refractive index, acid index, peroxide value, saponification index, to detect differences between cold pressed oils versus refined ones, for some food-grade oils found on Romanian market, as well as FT-IR spectroscopy and GC–MS analytical method, obtaining similar results to those presented in the literature data. The difference between some of the obtained results is not relevant for telling the cold-pressed oils from their refined version for adulteration investigation purpose. Colour analysis instead is a very good method to differentiate a cold pressed oil from a refined one. Taking this into account, the cold pressed oils and their refined versions were mixed in different proportions, and their colour properties were analyzed, obtaining linear dependences for a* and b* CIE L*a*b* parameters with cold pressed oil content in the mixture. Dependence equations were proposed.
Mitigation of cascading failures in complex networks
Authors: Smolyak Alex , Levy Orr , Vodenska Irena , Buldyrev Sergey , Havlin Shlomo
Published: September 2020

Cascading failures in many systems such as infrastructures or financial networks can lead to catastrophic system collapse. We develop here an intuitive, powerful and simple-to-implement approach for mitigation of cascading failures on complex networks based on local network structure. We offer an algorithm to select critical nodes, the protection of which ensures better survival of the network. We demonstrate the strength of our approach compared to various standard mitigation techniques. We show the efficacy of our method on various network structures and failure mechanisms, and finally demonstrate its merit on an example of a real network of financial holdings.
Pax6 modulates intra-retinal axon guidance and fasciculation of retinal ganglion cells during retinogenesis
Authors: Lalitha Soundararajan , Basu Budhaditya , Surya Suresh , Meera Vadakkath , Riya Paul Ann , Parvathy Surendran , Das Ani Venmanad , Sivakumar Krishnankutty Chandrika , Nelson-Sathi Shijulal , James Jackson
Published: September 2020

Intra-retinal axon guidance involves a coordinated expression of transcription factors, axon guidance genes, and secretory molecules within the retina. Pax6, the master regulator gene, has a spatio-temporal expression typically restricted till neurogenesis and fate-specification. However, our observation of persistent expression of Pax6 in mature RGCs led us to hypothesize that Pax6 could play a major role in axon guidance after fate specification. Here, we found significant alteration in intra-retinal axon guidance and fasciculation upon knocking out of Pax6 in E15.5 retina. Through unbiased transcriptome profiling between Pax6fl/fl and Pax6−/− retinas, we revealed the mechanistic insight of its role in axon guidance. Our results showed a significant increase in the expression of extracellular matrix molecules and decreased expression of retinal fate specification and neuron projection guidance molecules. Additionally, we found that EphB1 and Sema5B are directly regulated by Pax6 owing to the guidance defects and improper fasciculation of axons. We conclude that Pax6 expression post fate specification of RGCs is necessary for regulating the expression of axon guidance genes and most importantly for maintaining a conducive ECM through which the nascent axons get guided and fasciculate to reach the optic disc.
Activation of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR35 by human milk oligosaccharides through different pathways
Authors: Foata Francis , Sprenger Norbert , Rochat Florence , Damak Sami
Published: September 2020

Numerous benefits of breastfeeding over infant formula are fully established. The superiority of human milk over bovine milk-based formula is partly due to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), a family of over 100 molecules present specifically and substantially in human milk that resemble mucosal glycans. To uncover novel physiological functions and pathways of HMOs, we screened a panel of 165 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) using a blend of 6 HMOs (3′-O-sialyllactose (3′SL), 6′-O-sialyllactose (6′SL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neo-tetraose (LNnT), 2-O-fucosyllactose (2′FL), and difucosyllactose (diFL)), and followed up positive hits with standard receptor assays. The HMO blend specifically activated GPR35. LNT and 6′SL individually activated GPR35, and they showed synergy when used together. In addition, in vitro fermentation of infant stool samples showed that 2′FL upregulates the production of the GPR35 agonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) by the microbiota. LNT + 6′SL and KYNA showed additive activation of GPR35. Activation by 6′SL and LNT of GPR35, a receptor mediating attenuation of pain and colitis, is to our knowledge the first demonstration of GPCR activation by any HMO. In addition, we demonstrated a remarkable cooperation between nutrition and microbiota towards activation of a host receptor highlighting the close interplay between environment and host-microbe interactions.
PD-L1 expression is a promising predictor of survival in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma undergoing pemetrexed maintenance therapy
Authors: Qin Yi , Jiang Lili , Yu Min , Li Yanying , Zhou Xiaojuan , Wang Yongsheng , Gong Youling , Peng Feng , Zhu Jiang , Liu Yongmei , Xu Yong , Zhou Lin , Lu You , Huang Meijuan
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to identify potential predictive factors for the survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients undergoing pemetrexed maintenance therapy. 122 advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients who received pemetrexed maintenance therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan–Meier method with Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were performed to evaluate prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Bivariate correlation analysis was used for exploratory purpose. For the whole cohort of 122 patients, median PFS was 11.97 months (95% CI 10.611–13.329) and estimated median OS was 45.07 months (95% CI 31.690–58.450). The mPFS of ALK-positive patients was superior to negative patients (18.27 vs. 11.90 months; P  = 0.039). Patients with ECOG PS 0 (14.4 vs. 11.1 months; p = 0.040) and patients with single-organ metastasis (19.0 vs. 11.0 months; p = 0.014) had prolonged median PFS. Compared with the low PD-L1 expression group, PFS of high PD-L1 expression group were improved (13.6 vs. 11.1 months, p = 0.104, at 1% cut-off; 17.5 vs. 11.1 months, p = 0.009, at 10% cut-off; and 27.5 vs. 11.4 months, p = 0.005, at 50% cut-off). No differences were found between EGFR positive and negative patients. PD-L1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS times (PFS: HR, 0.175; P  = 0.001; OS: HR, 0.107; P  = 0.036). Bivariate correlation showed a significant positive correlation between PD-L1 expression and PFS (correlation coefficient R = 0.485, P  < 0.001). High PD-L1 expression could be a potential effective predictor for favorable survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients undergoing pemetrexed maintenance therapy.
Near-field radiative heat transfer between high-temperature superconductors
Authors: Castillo-López S. G. , Pirruccio G. , Villarreal C. , Esquivel-Sirvent R.
Published: September 2020

Near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) management can be achieved using high-temperature superconductors. In this work, we present a theoretical study of the radiative heat transfer between two$$\hbox {YBa}_2\hbox {Cu}_3\hbox {O}_{6.95}$$YBa2Cu3O6.95(YBCO) slabs in three different scenarios: Both slabs either in the normal or superconducting state, and only one of them below the superconductor critical temperature$$T_c$$Tc. The radiative heat transfer is calculated using Rytov’s theory of fluctuating electrodynamics, while a two-fluid model describes the dielectric function of the superconducting materials. Our main result is the significant suppression of the NFRHT when one or both of the slabs are superconducting, which is explained in terms of the detailed balance of the charge carriers density together with the sudden reduction of the free electron scattering rate. A critical and unique feature affecting the radiative heat transfer between high-temperature superconductors is the large damping of the mid-infrared carriers which screens the surface plasmon excitation.
High-fat diet intensifies MLL-AF9-induced acute myeloid leukemia through activation of the FLT3 signaling in mouse primitive hematopoietic cells
Authors: Hermetet François , Mshaik Rony , Simonet John , Callier Patrick , Delva Laurent , Quéré Ronan
Published: September 2020

Using a MLL-AF9 knock-in mouse model, we discovered that consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) accelerates the risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This regimen increases the clusterization of FLT3 within lipid rafts on the cell surface of primitive hematopoietic cells, which overactivates this receptor as well as the downstream JAK/STAT signaling known to enhance the transformation of MLL-AF9 knock-in cells. Treatment of mice on a HFD with Quizartinib, a potent inhibitor of FLT3 phosphorylation, inhibits the JAK3/STAT3, signaling and finally antagonizes the accelerated development of AML that occurred following the HFD regimen. We can therefore conclude that, on a mouse model of AML, a HFD enforces the FLT3 signaling pathway on primitive hematopoietic cells and, in turn, improves the oncogenic transformation of MLL-AF9 knock-in cells and the leukemia initiation.
Lung and fissure shape is associated with age in healthy never-smoking adults aged 20–90 years
Authors: Osanlouy Mahyar , Clark Alys R. , Kumar Haribalan , King Clair , Wilsher Margaret L. , Milne David G. , Whyte Ken , Hoffman Eric A. , Tawhai Merryn H.
Published: September 2020

Lung shape could hold prognostic information for age-related diseases that affect lung tissue mechanics. We sought to quantify mean lung shape, its modes of variation, and shape associations with lung size, age, sex, and Body Mass Index (BMI) in healthy subjects across a seven-decade age span. Volumetric computed tomography from 83 subjects (49 M/34 F, BMI $$24.7 \pm 2.7$$

24.7
±
2.7

) was used to derive two statistical shape models using a principal component analysis. One model included, and the other controlled for, lung volume. Volume made the strongest contribution to shape when it was included. Shape had a strong relationship with age but not sex when volume was controlled for, and BMI had only a small but significant association with shape. The first principal shape mode was associated with decrease in the antero-posterior dimension from base to apex. In older subjects this was rapid and obvious, whereas younger subjects had relatively more constant dimension. A shift of the fissures of both lungs in the basal direction was apparent for the older subjects, consistent with a change in tissue elasticity with age. This study suggests a quantifiable structure-function relationship for the healthy adult lung that can potentially be exploited as a normative description against which abnormal can be compared.
Appropriate usage of food thickening agents to prevent non-disintegration of magnesium oxide tablets
Authors: Matsuo Taisuke , Sato Airi , Kudo Kenzo , Sadzuka Yasuyuki , Tomita Takashi
Published: September 2020

Food thickening agents are used to aid the administration of medicine to elderly patients with dysphagia. Magnesium oxide tablets are sometimes administered with food thickening agents. Non-disintegration and disintegration delay of these tablets in the body are problems associated with food thickening agent use. However, the appropriate usage of food thickening agents for administering tablets is not established. Here, the reasons for the non-disintegration of magnesium oxide tablets administered with food thickeners and appropriate usage of food thickeners were examined using a disintegration test of newly opened and moisture-absorbed magnesium oxide tablets. Immersion of magnesium oxide tablets for 10 and 30 min in xanthan and guar gum-based food thickening agents caused disintegration delay and non-disintegration in the first fluid (pH 1.2). However, tablets immersed for 1 min quickly disintegrated. The disintegration of xanthan gum-based food thickening agents was faster than guar gum-based food thickening agents. Moisture absorption by magnesium oxide tablets caused a significant delay in their disintegration in water. The tablets that absorbed moisture disintegrated within 1 min in the first fluid, even when immersed in food thickening agents for a short time. Overall, a short immersion of magnesium oxide tablets in food thickening agents can avoid non-disintegration.
Author Correction: Sequence-specific detection of single-stranded DNA with a gold nanoparticle-protein nanopore approach
Authors: Mereuta Loredana , Asandei Alina , Dragomir Isabela S. , Bucataru Ioana C. , Park Jonggwan , Seo Chang Ho , Park Yoonkyung , Luchian Tudor
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
A multicenter study of the distribution pattern of posterior corneal astigmatism in Chinese myopic patients having corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Hu Yijun , Zhu Shanqing , Xiong Lu , Fang Xuejun , Liu Jia , Zhou Jin , Li Fangfang , Zhang Qingsong , Huang Na , Lei Xiaohua , Jiang Li , Wang Zheng
Published: September 2020

Including posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) into consideration may increase the accuracy of astigmatism correction after corneal refractive surgery. In the present study we aim to investigate the distribution pattern of PCA in a large number of myopic patients from multiple ophthalmic centers. There were 7829 eyes retrospectively included in the study. Pentacam data of the eyes were retrieved from the machine and only results with image quality labelled with ‘OK’ were included. Distribution of PCA was slightly positively skewed (Skewness = 0.419, Kurtosis = 0.435, KS P < 0.0001). Mean PCA was 0.34 ± 0.14 D (range: 0.00 D-0.99 D). PCA was ≥ 0.25 D in 74.91% of the eyes and was ≥ 0.50 D in 11.61% of the eyes. In 97.55% of the eyes the steep meridian of PCA was vertical (SMV). PCA magnitude was significantly higher in eyes with SMV PCA (P < 0.0001) or high manifest astigmatism (MA, P < 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA) magnitude and PCA magnitude in all of the eyes (r = 0.704, P < 0.0001). There was also a trend of decreasing frequency and magnitude of SMV PCA with aging (both P < 0.0001). In conclusion, PCA is present in myopic patients having corneal refractive surgery and PCA magnitude is increased with higher MA or ACA. Consideration of the impact of PCA on laser astigmatism correction may be necessary.
Orientation of L4 coronal tilt relative to C7 plumb line as a predictor for postoperative coronal imbalance in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Authors: Zhang Jiandang , Wang Zheng , Chi Pengfei , Chi Cheng
Published: September 2020

The study design is case–control. To evaluate the impact of preoperative coronal patterns based on the relationship between orientation of L4 coronal tilt and C7 plumb line on immediate postoperative coronal imbalance in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) patients. Although lumbosacral fractional curve has been long stressed in correction surgery of DLS, there is paucity of literature focusing on preoperative coronal pattern based on the relationship between orientation of L4 coronal tilt and C7 plumb line and its impact on immediate postoperative coronal imbalance in DLS patients. A consecutive series of DLS patients who underwent deformity correction surgery via posterior-only approach were reviewed. According to the relationship between orientation of L4 coronal tilt and C7 plumb line preoperatively, a total of 77 DLS patients who underwent posterior spinal corrective surgery were classified into: 1. Coronal consistency pattern, L4 coronally tilts toward C7 plumb line; 2. Coronal opposition pattern, L4 coronally tilts opposite C7 plumb line. Coronal imbalance was defined as global coronal malalignment (GCM) on either side more than or equal to 20 mm. Whole-spine standing radiographs of both pattern groups were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. There were 37 patients with coronal consistency pattern and 40 patients with coronal opposition pattern. Compared to patients with coronal opposition pattern, patients with coronal consistency pattern had significantly higher postoperative GCM (P = 0.028), lower amount of GCM correction (P = 0.013) and higher incidence of postoperative coronal imbalance (P = 0.001); further logistic regression analysis revealed coronal consistency pattern was associated with increased odds of postoperative coronal imbalance (odds ratio: 5.981; 95% confidence interval 2.029–17.633; P = 0.001). DLS patients with preoperative coronal consistency pattern carried greater risk for immediate postoperative coronal imbalance following posterior long correction surgery.

Level of evidence 3
Ratiometric electrochemical sensing based on Mo2C for detection of acetaminophen
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Ren Hailong , Liang Wencui , Li Yangguang , Xu Yuwen , Dai Miaojuan , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: September 2020

Schematic presentation of a novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on a Mo2C modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of AP.
SANS study of mixed cholesteric cellulose nanocrystal – gold nanorod suspensions
Authors: Van Rie Jonas , González-Rubio Guillermo , Kumar Sugam , Schütz Christina , Kohlbrecher Joachim , Vanroelen Michèle , Van Gerven Tom , Deschaume Olivier , Bartic Carmen , Liz-Marzán Luis M. , Salazar-Alvarez German , Thielemans Wim
Published: September 2020

Self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) doped with anisotropic gold nanorods (AuNRs) was studied by small-angle neutron scattering.
Kinetic and mechanistic analysis of a synthetic reversible CO2/HCO2− electrocatalyst
Authors: Cunningham Drew W. , Yang Jenny Y.
Published: September 2020

A kinetic and mechanistic analysis of [Pt(depe)2](PF6)2, an electrocatalyst for the reversible conversion between CO2 and HCO2− with high selectivity at low overpotentials.
Electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors: recent progress and perspectives
Authors: Wei Ming , Qiao Yanxia , Zhao Haitao , Liang Jie , Li Tingshuai , Luo Yonglan , Lu Siyu , Shi Xifeng , Lu Wenbo , Sun Xuping
Published: September 2020

This review summarizes recent advances in the development of electrocatalysts for non-enzymatic glucose detection. The sensing mechanism and influencing factors are discussed, and the perspectives and challenges are also addressed.
Magnetization relaxation dynamics of a rare coordinatively unsaturated Co(ii) complex: experimental and theoretical insights
Authors: Das Chinmoy , Rasamsetty Amaleswari , Tripathi Shalini , Shanmugam Maheswaran
Published: September 2020

A three-coordinate Co(ii) complex with the molecular formula [Li(DME)3][Co(L)3] (1) was isolated. The influence of the geometry on the SH parameters, and in turn on the magnetization relaxation, is investigated by SQUID and EPR measurements.
An activity-based fluorescent probe and its application for differentiating alkaline phosphatase activity in different cell lines
Authors: He Yong , Yu Junli , Hu Xiangzi , Huang Shumei , Cai Lili , Yang Liu , Zhang Huatang , Jiang Yin , Jia Yongguang , Sun Hongyan
Published: September 2020

An activity-based fluorescent probe with the characteristics of AIE + ESIPT has been reported for differentiating the alkaline phosphatase activity in different cell lines.
Correction: General criteria for evaluating suitable polymer ligands for the synthesis of aluminum nanocrystals
Authors: Yu Hua , Lu Shaoyong , Gao Huimin , Lu Zhongyuan , Liu Kun
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘General criteria for evaluating suitable polymer ligands for the synthesis of aluminum nanocrystals’ by Hua Yu et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 217–220, DOI: 10.1039/C9CC08476B.
A user-friendly application for predicting the outcome of co-crystallizations
Authors: Sarkar Nandini , Mitra Joydeep , Vittengl Molly , Berndt Lexi , Aakeröy Christer B.
Published: September 2020

An automated application, CoForm, was used for predicting the outcomes of attempted co-crystallizations between two active pharmaceutical ingredients, loratadine and desloratadine, and 41 potential co-formers from the general interest (OGI) list.
Bonding in the helium dimer in strong magnetic fields: the role of spin and angular momentum
Authors: Austad Jon , Borgoo Alex , Tellgren Erik I. , Helgaker Trygve
Published: September 2020

Investigation of the electronic spectra and novel bonding mechanisms in helium dimers in strong magnetic fields.
Uncommon biphasic behaviour induced by very high metal ion concentrations in HCl/H2O/[P44414]Cl and HCl/H2O/PEG-600 systems
Authors: Sinoimeri Eris , Maia Fernandes Victor , Cognard Jérôme , Pereira Jorge Fernando Brandão , Svecova Lenka , Guillotte Ismaël , Billard Isabelle
Published: September 2020

Large amounts of Fe(iii) or Fe(ii) strongly modify the biphasic behavior of the system P44414Cl/HCl/H2O while large amounts of Fe(iii) induce a biphasic regime for the mixture PEG-600/HCl/H2O.
Temperature gradient-driven motion and assembly of two-dimensional (2D) materials on the liquid surface: a theoretical framework and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Wen Yongshuai , Liu Qingchang , Liu Yongshou
Published: September 2020

A conceptual design of driving 2D or other low-dimensional materials on the liquid surface with a temperature gradient.
Bioapplications of small molecule Aza-BODIPY: from rational structural design toin vivoinvestigations
Authors: Shi Zhenxiong , Han Xu , Hu Wenbo , Bai Hua , Peng Bo , Ji Lei , Fan Quli , Li Lin , Huang Wei
Published: September 2020

This review highlights the empirical design guidelines and photophysical property manipulation of Aza-BODIPY dyes and the latest advances in their bioapplications.
Towards development of a novel universal medical diagnostic method: Raman spectroscopy and machine learning
Authors: Ralbovsky Nicole M. , Lednev Igor K.
Published: September 2020

This review summarizes recent progress made using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning for potential universal medical diagnostic applications.
Materials for the biorefinery: high bio-content, shape memory Kraft lignin-derived non-isocyanate polyurethane foams using a non-toxic protocol
Authors: Sternberg James , Pilla Srikanth
Published: September 2020

Non-isocyanate polyurethane foams have been synthesized from unmodified Kraft lignin and a renewable diamine creating materials with 100% biobased carbon. The materials demonstrate impressive physical and mechaical properties competing with commercial polyurethanes.
Controlling the flake size of bifunctional 2D WSe2 nanosheets as flexible binders and supercapacitor materials
Authors: Iamprasertkun Pawin , Hirunpinyopas Wisit , Deerattrakul Varisara , Sawangphruk Montree , Nualchimplee Chakrit
Published: September 2020

WSe2 as a multifunctional conductive binder and pseudocapacitive material has been demonstrated. WSe2 can be used to replace conductive additive, and polymer binders. The smallest WSe2 flakes displayed outstanding electrochemical properties.
Surface domain heterojunction on rutile TiO2 for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Lin Kuo , Xiao Fang , Xie Ying , Pan Kai , Wang Lei , Zhou Wei , Fu Honggang
Published: September 2020

Single-crystal rutile TiO2 nanorod-assembled radial microspheres with surface domain heterojunctions exhibit excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution due to the in situ formation of chemisorbed chlorine leading to surface reconfiguration.
Computational and experimental approach to evaluate the effect of initiator concentration, solvents, and enes on the TEMPO driven thiol–ene reaction
Authors: Hafeez Sumbul , Khatri Vikas , Kashyap Hemant K. , Nebhani Leena
Published: September 2020

The fundamental mechanism and reaction kinetics of the TEMPO initiated thiol–ene reaction between benzyl mercaptan and variable enes in the presence of varying initiator concentration and varying solvents has been studied experimentally and computationally.
A coumarin embedded highly sensitive nitric oxide fluorescent sensor: kinetic assay and bio-imaging applications
Authors: Maiti Debjani , Islam Abu Saleh Musha , Sasmal Mihir , Dutta Ananya , Katarkar Atul , Ali Mahammad
Published: September 2020

A benzo-coumarin based molecular probe efficiently and selectively senses nitric oxide (NO) through the formation of 1,2,3,4-oxatriazole in purely aqueous medium which helps to monitor the exogenous and endogenous NO.
The hexagonal perovskite Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Tang Lulu , Zhang Wanqun , Lin Dan , Ren Yi , Zheng Hui , Luo Qinxin , Wei Lianwei , Liu Huimin , Chen Junhua , Tang Kaibin
Published: September 2020

Hexagonal structure perovskite Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ was sucessfully synthesized as an OER electrocatalyst, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance in 0.1 M KOH.
The synthesis and characterization of Zn(ii)/Cd(ii) based MOFs by a mixed ligand strategy: a Zn(ii) MOF as a dual functional material for reversible dye adsorption and as a heterogeneous catalyst for the Biginelli reaction
Authors: Patel Unnati , Parmar Bhavesh , Patel Parth , Dadhania Abhishek , Suresh Eringathodi
Published: September 2020

2D Zn(ii)/Cd(ii) based MOF involving mixed ligands have been synthesized. Zn(ii) based MOF has been utilized as a bifunctional material towards reversible dye adsorption and as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in Biginelli reaction.
Syntheses of asymmetrical magnesium(i) complexes and their catalytic application in epoxide hydroboration
Authors: Cao Xu , Li Jia , Zhu Anqiao , Su Fan , Yao Weiwei , Xue Fei , Ma Mengtao
Published: September 2020

A series of novel structural magnesium(i) complexes stabilized by cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl substituted β-diketiminate ligands have been synthesized and used as highly active and regioselective pre-catalysts for various epoxides hydroboration.
Identification, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazine ring compounds from Talaromyces minioluteus (Penicillium minioluteum)
Authors: Wang Fengqing , Wei Mengsha , Duan Xueyan , Liu Xiaorui , Yao Si , Wang Jianping , Zhu Hucheng , Chen Chunmei , Gu Lianghu , Zhang Yonghui
Published: September 2020

Three new pyrazine derivatives, named talaropyrazines A–C (1–3), were isolated from the chemical investigation of the fungus Talaromyces minioluteus.
Correction: QuEChERS pretreatment combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of aristolochic acids I and II in Chinese herbal patent medicines
Authors: Zhang Jinghe , Wang Yinan , Sun Jing , Zhou Guowei , Jiang Xiaojie , Wang Xikui
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘QuEChERS pretreatment combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of aristolochic acids I and II in Chinese herbal patent medicines’ by Jinghe Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 25319–25324, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA03200J.
Correction: Boron-doped few-layer graphene nanosheet gas sensor for enhanced ammonia sensing at room temperature
Authors: Srivastava Shubhda , Jain Shubhendra K. , Gupta Govind , Senguttuvan T. D. , Gupta Bipin Kumar
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘Boron-doped few-layer graphene nanosheet gas sensor for enhanced ammonia sensing at room temperature’ by Shubhda Srivastava et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 1007–1014. DOI: 10.1039/C9RA08707A
Rheological response of a modified polyacrylamide–silica nanoparticles hybrid at high salinity and temperature
Authors: Mirzaie Yegane Mohsen , Hashemi Fatemeh , Vercauteren Frank , Meulendijks Nicole , Gharbi Ridha , Boukany Pouyan E. , Zitha Pacelli
Published: September 2020

Hybrid of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide–silica nanoparticles emerged as a promising strategy for achieving enhanced stability and high viscosity.
Effect of polyampholyte net charge on complex coacervation between polyampholytes and inorganic polyoxometalate giant anions
Authors: Ferreira Manuela , Jing Benxin , Lorenzana Adrian , Zhu Yingxi
Published: September 2020

Effect of polyampholyte net charge on the phase diagram and viscoelasticity of polyzwitterion–polyoxometalate coacervates.
Metastable oxysulfide surface formation on LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 single crystal particles by carbothermal reaction with sulfur-doped heterocarbon nanoparticles: new insight into their structural and electrochemical characteristics, and their potential applications
Authors: Kim Dae-Wook , Zettsu Nobuyuki , Shiiba Hiromasa , Sánchez-Santolino Gabriel , Ishikawa Ryo , Ikuhara Yuichi , Teshima Katsuya
Published: September 2020

This work provides a new avenue for designing the surface properties of electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries by introducing sulfide anions to modify the Lewis base characteristics of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4.
Progress in energy-related graphyne-based materials: advanced synthesis, functional mechanisms and applications
Authors: Gong Yanmei , Shen Lihua , Kang Zhaoming , Liu Kangfei , Du Qixing , Ye Daixin , Zhao Hongbin , Sun Xueliang Andy , Zhang Jiujun
Published: September 2020

As new star carbon isomers Graphynes (GYs) have great potential in application. This review focuses on the mechanisms and applications of GYs in the fields of catalysis and energy storage.