bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational investigation of Arbutus serratifolia Salisb molecules as new potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
Authors: Belattar Nadjah , Mekkiou Ratiba , Krid Adel , Djekoun Abdelhamid
Published: April 2023

The outbreak of the current pandemic and the evolution of virus resistance against standard drugs led to the emergency of new and potent antiviral agents. Owing to its crucial role in viral replication, the protease enzyme is taken into survey to be a promising target for antiviral drug therapy using computational methods. In order to bring this important class of natural products in the limelight of research for prospective application as chemotherapeutic agents, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of some bioactive molecules obtained from Arbutus serratifolia Salisb which is an Algerian medicinal plant, was investigated using in-silico methods. The molecular docking was performed by AutoDock Vina and UCSF Chimera, as well as ADMET and drug-likeness properties of these molecules were calculated using preADMET web-based application and the Swiss ADME server respectively. The phytochemicals (from Pr(1) to Pr(12)) were tested for their pharmacokinetic properties and docked into the main protease binding site on (PDB ID: 6Y84) in order to find a promising antiviral ligand. All tested molecules induced binding affinities into the binding pocket of (PDB ID: 6Y84) with energy scores ranging from moderate to better (from −6.4 to −8.00 kcal/mol). It is worthy to note that both Pr(2): (1S,5R,6S,8S,9S)-6,8-Dihydroxy-8-methyl-1,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydrocyclopenta [c] pyran-1-yl-β-D-glucopyranoside and Pr(7): ((1S,5S,6S,9S)-1-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-14-oxo-1,5,6,9-tetrahydro-1H-2,15-dioxacyclopenta [cd] inden-8-yl) methyl acetate, were found to be the best inhibitors with binding affinities (−7.7 kcal/mol and −8.0 kcal/mol), respectively, by virtue of the fact that all these tested molecules exhibited good binding affinities compared with those of Ritonavir and Nirmatrelvir (−1.73 and −1.93 kcal/mol), respectively, which are used as standard antiviral drugs to prevent viral growth. The amino acids: His-163; Glu-166; Arg-188; Thr-190 and Gln-192 represent the key residues of the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 main protease with Pr(7). Furthermore, the results of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations revealed that Pr(6), Pr(8) and Pr(9) uphold the drug-likeness criteria and more particularly, these substances can be absorbed by the human intestine. In addition, all these molecules were shown to be neither hepatotoxic nor significantly noxious to human organism. These natural products are therefore promising inhibitor candidates of viral main protease. However, further in-vitro, in-vivo and even clinical assays are required to probe their functional mechanisms and then to assess their antiviral potency against COVID-19.
Application of Plantain leaves as a bio-adsorbent for biosorption of U(VI) ions from wastewater
Authors: Taheri Mohammad , Khajenoori Maryam , Shiri-Yekta Zahra , Zahakifar Fazel
Published: April 2023

Uranium biosorption was investigated using the bio-adsorbent of Plantain leaves. First, the bio-adsorbent structure was characterized using BET, SEM, and FTIR. The effective parameters pH, initial uranium concentration, bio-adsorbent dose, and the temperature were investigated using a central composite design (CCD). Experimental data were analyzed using Design Expert 12.0.3.0 software. According to the obtained results, the pH value of 4, initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg L−1, the bio-adsorbent dose of 0.297 g, and the temperature of 25 °C were proven for maximum biosorption efficiency of U(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. The contact time was investigated to understand the type of kinetics of the reaction. The maximum biosorption efficiency was 90 min. The optimal biosorption efficiency was 92.69%. The Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order models were the best isotherms and kinetic models fitted with the results of the studied bio-adsorbent, respectively.
Biosynthesis of Ag/bentonite, ZnO/bentonite, and Ag/ZnO/bentonite nanocomposites by aqueous leaf extract of Hagenia abyssinica for antibacterial activities
Authors: Zewudie Adisu Girma , Zereffa Enyew Amare , Segne Teshome Abdo , Murthy H. C. Ananda , Ravikumar C. R. , Muniswamy Dhanalakshmi , Binagdie Bayissa Bekele
Published: April 2023

We report the synthesis of Ag/bentonite, ZnO/bentonite and Ag/ZnO/bentonite nanocomposites (NCs) using Hagenia abyssinica plant extract and their antibacterial study. The synthesized NCs were characterized by using many advanced techniques. The X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the formation of composites with different phases. The average crystallite size (D) values of pure Ag nanoparticles (NPs), ZnO NPs, and activated bentonite (Na-AB) were found to be 8.14, 18.1, and 37.6 nm, respectively. The Ag/bentonite NCs, ZnO/bentonite NCs, and Ag/ZnO/bentonite NCs exhibited the D values of 7.4, 9.4, and 9.4 nm, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and other functional groups on the surface of the synthesized NCs. The transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed the formation of Ag and ZnO NPs with hexagonal, rod-shaped, and spherical structures. HRTEM also revealed the presence of (102) plane of ZnO and (220) plane of Ag in Ag/ZnO/bentonite NCs. The antibacterial activities of the composites suspension were evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by the disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. The ternary NC and Ag/ZnO/bentonite exhibited better zone of inhibition of 14.3 ± 0.3 and 17.3 ± 0.2 mm at 10 mg·mL−1 toward E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of Ag/ZnO/bentonite NCs were found to be 156.25 and 312.5 µg·mL−1 for E. coli. The investigation results revealed that the low temperature bio-synthesized Ag/ZnO/bentonite is a promising bactericide over the binary composites.
Impact resistance capacity and degradation law of epoxy-coated steel strand under the impact load
Authors: Li Hongming , Feng Bo , Xu Yan , Zhong Jitao
Published: April 2023

As the main load-bearing component of the bridge structure, the cable is damaged by the impact from time to time, so it is very important to clarify its impact resistance capacity. Based on the method of the drop-weight test, this article mainly studies the degradation law of the mechanical properties of epoxy-coated steel strand (ECSS) under the impact load. Through the impact test of ECSS under different working conditions, the influence law of prestress, impact energy, initial defects and other factors on the impact resistance of the steel strand was revealed. Then, the difference of the impact resistance of ECSS and ordinary steel strand (OSS) was verified under the same impact conditions. Finally, the failure mechanism and the residual-bearing capacity of ECSS were analyzed through the secondary impact test. The results show that the initial prestress is helpful to improve its impact resistance when it is less than 0.11

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, and exceeding this value will accelerate its failure process. The effect of impact height on the strain at the impact point of ECSS is significantly greater than that near the anchor end. ECSS has better energy absorption characteristics than OSS. The impact resistance of ECSS with initial defects is very sensitive to the impact energy. The influence on outer strand in the secondary impact is significantly higher than the central strand, and its residual tensile capacity still has 0.85

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.
Time-of-Day Effects of Exercise on Cardiorespiratory Responses and Endurance Performance—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kang Jie , Ratamess Nicholas A. , Faigenbaum Avery D. , Bush Jill A. , Finnerty Caitlyn , DiFiore Michael , Garcia Andy , Beller Noah
Published: April 2023

Kang, J, Ratamess, NA, Faigenbaum, AD, Bush, JA, Finnerty, C, DiFiore, M, Garcia, A, and Beller, N. Time-of-day effects of exercise on cardiorespiratory responses and endurance performance—A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2080–2090, 2023—The time-of-day effect of exercise on human function remains largely equivocal. Hence, this study aimed to further analyze the existing evidence concerning diurnal variations in cardiorespiratory responses and endurance performance using a meta-analytic approach. Literature search was conducted through databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Article selection was made based on inclusion criteria concerning subjects' characteristics, exercise protocols, times of testing, and targeted dependent variables. Results on oxygen uptake (V̇o
2), heart rate (HR), respiratory exchange ratio, and endurance performance in the morning (AM) and late afternoon or evening (PM) were extracted from the chosen studies. Meta-analysis was conducted with the random-effects model. Thirty-one original research studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Meta-analysis revealed higher resting V̇o
2 (Hedges' g = −0.574; p = 0.040) and resting HR (Hedges' g = −1.058; p = 0.002) in PM than in AM. During exercise, although V̇o
2 remained indifferent between AM and PM, HR was higher in PM at submaximal (Hedges' g = −0.199; p = 0.046) and maximal (Hedges' g = −0.298; p = 0.001) levels. Endurance performance as measured by time-to-exhaustion or the total work accomplished was higher in PM than in AM (Hedges' g = −0.654; p = 0.001). Diurnal variations in V̇o
2 appear less detectable during aerobic exercise. The finding that exercising HR and endurance performance were greater in PM than in AM emphasizes the need to consider the effect of circadian rhythm when evaluating athletic performance or using HR as a criterion to assess fitness or monitor training.
Review of Law Number 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law Against Polygamy by Marriage Sirri
Authors: Maesaroh Mesa Siti
Published: April 2023

Marriage is an important event that occurs in human life. In marriage, not a few people practice polygamy withmarriages sirri which are only based on the validity of Islamic law marriages. The purpose of this study is to explain why the husband does polygamy in anmarriage unregistered, to explain also the impact of polygamy in an unregistered marriage and to explain how the status of his wife and children, as well as property in anmarriage unregistered. This research uses normative-empirical research methods, namely library research. Literature research was conducted to obtain secondary data from the Act, as well as from previous research. The results of polygamy withmarriages sirrias a result of the law are only recognized by the Islamic religion. In this case, if the husband does not ask for the blessing of the first wife, then the first wife can demand the annulment of the marriage to the Syar'iyah Court because the husband has practiced polygamy in amanner sirri without the consent of the first wife. The husband can be sanctioned by the District Court in the form of imprisonment for a maximum of 7 years in accordance with Article 279 of the Criminal Code, as well as a maximum fine of Rp. 7,500, in accordance with the provisions of Article 45 Number 9 of 1975. The status of polygamy in amarriage sirri is religiously legal and the child has a civil relationship only with the mother. Assets exist when there is joint property or personal property. It is recommended, for those who will practice polygamy, do so in accordance with the applicable laws, becausemarriages sirrido not have legal force.
Pancasila as a Margin of Appreciation in the Implementation of Human Rights in Indonesia Citizenship Education Perspective
Authors: Isnin Harum , Wardhani Novia Wahyu
Published: April 2023

Pancasila has become a philosophy, ideology, and way of life for the Indonesian people in the life of the nation and state. The entire implementation and implementation of the state, especially the implementation of human rights in Indonesia, has implications for the values in Pancasila. There are still many cases of gross human rights violations and minor human rights violations that occur in Indonesia. There needs to be an appreciation and respect for human rights owned by the Indonesian people to be recognized with good appreciation in their implementation. This paper is an analysis of the appreciation, respect, and limitations regarding the extent to which human rights are implemented in Indonesia. By using the literature review method which results in an analysis that Pancasila is the margin of appreciation in the implementation of human rights in Indonesia with the implications of human rights that are adapted to socio-cultural conditions and the philosophy of life view of the Indonesian people to continue to strive to ensure respect for individual rights with national interests.
Method of Determination of Law in Bahtsul Masail
Authors: Kurniawan Deden , Maheswari Adine Alimah
Published: April 2023

The Bahstul Masa'il Forum was formed at the XXVIII congress in Yogyakarta in 1989, aiming to solve and make decisions in various problems that arise in Islamic law. Since the establishment of the forum, the mujtahids began to carry out ijtihad, one of which was also attended by several members or scholars of Islamic organizations, such as Nahdlatul Ulama. This study aims to determine the method of determining the law in Bahstul Masa'il Nahdlatul Ulama, and the effect of the determination of this method on Islamic law in Indonesia. The method used in this research is normative juridical through a legal and conceptual approach. Sources of data used in this study, which is sourced from secondary data through a study of laws and regulations, journals, books, articles, and other sources. In this study, it was found that the method of determining the law used in Bahstul Masa'il Nahdlatul Ulama, which includes the qauliy, ilhaqiy and manhajiy methods, and there is a discussion system model which is divided into three groups that focus on determining a decision for each problem discussed in the discussion. Bahstsul Masa'il, these problems are divided into three categories, namely waqiyah, maudhu'iyah, and qauniyah. Then, regarding the influence of the method of law-making decisions in Bahstsul Masa'il on Islamic law in Indonesia, it depends on how we take the attitude of looking at this point of view.
Impeachment of Regional Heads Resulted in Direct Election in the Perspective of Constitutional Law
Authors: Fakihudin Rifki
Published: April 2023

This article examines the DPRD authority over the impeachment of regional heads resulting from direct elections. Impeachment is a proposal for dismissal by DPRD against regional heads. The impeachment mechanism emerged after the amendment of the UUD 1945  along with democratic elections. The impeachment process carried out by the DPRD is based on Law Number 9 of 2015 and Government Regulation Number 12 of 2018. This study uses qualitative legal research and a normative juridical approach that is associated with a developing case. The data sources used in this study are primary and secondary legal materials, with analysis using deductive qualitative techniques and aiming to collect information as study material. The authority of the DPRD as a regional institution has a supervisory function over the policies taken by the government, namely the regional head. Through the impeachment mechanism, regional heads can be dismissed if they commit a violation. This study provides an explanation of the ideal mechanism for impeachment of regional heads in the perspective of constitutional law.
Juridical Overview Publishing Photos and Videos of Others Without Permission on Social Media
Authors: Putri Nadiyah Meyliana
Published: April 2023

Every citizen has the right to earn respect for their privacy as well as their dignity as a human being. With the advancement and rapid development of technology, the government adjusted with the establishment of Law Number 28 concerning Copyright and also Law Number 19 of 2016. These adjustments are intended to balance technological advances and protect citizens' rights that have not been regulated in the Law beforehand. This research was normative research that was intended to see and compare the effectiveness of the law in protecting the rights of citizens, as well as to examine the potential or indications that arise from any action. The results of this research were in the form of a review of the effectiveness of the Copyright Law and the Information and Electronic Transaction Law in protecting the rights of citizens in the digital era, as well as what legal consequences will arise for an act.
Status of Acquired Land Rights of the Cirebon Kasepuhan Palace in the Swapraja Land Case Against the Cirebon City Government
Authors: Maheswari Adine Alimah
Published: April 2023

The establishment of the Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles or Law Number 5 of 1960 (UUPA) regarding land, especially the regulation in the Fourth Dictum Letter A regarding autonomous lands and former autonomous lands, has caused many conflicts on the status of acquisition of land rights. Since the enactment of the regulation, the land status of the Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon was declared state-owned by the Cirebon City Government because the land was previously autonomous or ex-self-governing land, but Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon did not accept this statement. This study aims to determine the status of the land status of the Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon and regarding the resolution of conflicts between the two parties. The method used in this research is normative juridical through a legal and conceptual approach. The data source used is secondary data through a study through the laws and regulations of books, journals, articles, and other sources. In this study, it was found that the land status of the Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon was included in the Wewengkon land or land passed down from their ancestors and not included in the category of autonomous land or former autonomous land. Supposedly, the government can be more assertive regarding further regulations on land that is included in the category of self-governing land or former self-governing land, as well as regulate ulayat rights in a clear and detailed manner. This is intended to prevent conflicts over the status of land rights within the community and the state.
Civil Lawsuit Cases of Forest and Land Fires PT Kalista Alam (Study of Meulaboh District Court Decision Number 12/PDT.G/2012/PN.MBO)
Authors: Ikhsana Lisa , Rahmah Nabilla Alya
Published: April 2023

Cases of forest fires in Indonesia are sometimes caused by human activities. Land clearing is often a reason to let up a lawsuit. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) has made every effort as a form of anticipation and to overcome cases of forest and land fires (karhutla) in Indonesia. One of the countermeasures is the filing of a civil lawsuit to the perpetrators of the karhutla. PT Kalista Alam as an example of various palm oil companies that are the target of civil lawsuits by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over forest fires. The lawsuit is based on how much of an impact it has on various aspects, both from legal, environmental, and materiil aspects. This research uses quantitative research methods that are with a systematic normative juridical legal approach. There will be further explanations about the unlawful actions of forest and land fires committed by PT Kalista Alam in Aceh based on the perspective of civil law.
A comparison of brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) root volatile compounds vs. the stem wood
Authors: Guler Gurcan
Published: April 2023

Recently, tree stumps have attracted attention as a source of woody biomass. This study investigated the practicability of brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) root as an alternative raw material in the essential oil industry. The composition of volatile compounds of brutian pine root was investigated and compared with that of brutian pine stem wood. In the wood sample, the major volatile compound was α-pinene (32.69%) and in the root sample it was β-caryophyllene (25.41%). Terpenes (α-pinene, β-pinene, Δ3-carene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene) constituted the major compounds in the wood sample, whereas oxygen-containing components (linalool and (E)-anethole) were the main compounds in the root sample, in addition to terpenes (limonene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene). Monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, terpene oxides, alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, esters, and ketones were identified as the main groups of volatile compounds in the wood and root samples of brutian pine. Except for monoterpenes, the amounts of the other main groups of volatile compounds were higher in the root sample than in the wood sample. The variation and number of detected volatile compounds indicate that the root of brutian pine might be a useful raw material for some industrial processes that use these volatile compounds in their production.
Response of rice and bacterial communities to the incorporation of rice straw in areas mined for heavy rare earth elements
Authors: Jin Wei , Hu Zhongjun , Bai Yijun , Dong Chengxu , Jin Shulan
Published: April 2023

Experiments were conducted in pots to study the effects of 2.5% rice straw and 1% rice straw ash on rice growth and bacterial community abundance in areas mined for heavy rare earth elements. The results showed that the incorporation of rice straw improved the pH value of soil, reduced the α-diversity of the soil bacterial community, improved the abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes; reduced the abundance of Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, etc.; reduced the abundance of Candidatus Solibacter, Syntrophobacter, Haliangium, Candidatus Koribacter; and increased the abundance of Ideonella, Anaeromyxobacter, Roseomonas, Clostridium sensu stricto 10, and Geobacter. The decrease in the abundance of beneficial bacteria, Acidobacteria and Nitrospirae, inhibited the growth of the rice; reduced the dry weight of the rice roots, the shoots, and the grains, and increased the concentration of rare earth elements in the rice. Returning 1% rice straw ash to the field had little effect on the diversity and richness of the bacterial community in areas mined for heavy rare earth elements. Also the returned rice straw had little effect on the rice growth, the dry weight of the roots, the shoots, the grains, and the concentration of rare earth elements in these parts of the rice.
Viabilty of eucalyptus bark for the composition of OSB panels
Authors: Domingos Bruno Eduardo Mazetto , Moura Jorge Daniel de Melo
Published: April 2023

Lumber mills generate a huge volume of residues, with tree bark and saw shavings being main contributors. A small amount of this material is burned for energy generation, though most of it is left on the sawmill grounds or dumped in sanitary landfills, thus presenting a huge environmental issue. This study deals with the application of eucalyptus bark and saw shavings for the manufacturing of oriented strand board (OSB). Four types of panel compositions where studied: 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% of bark content; 10% percent of shavings for all of them, and a variable content of pine strands. The adhesive was phenol formaldehyde at 6% related to the dry mass of the components. Because an important characteristic of OSB panels is their response to swelling, a 1% of paraffin emulsion was added to seal the particles. The results showed that only the 90%-bark panel could meet OSB standard prescriptions as a type 1 “dry environment application”.
Characterization and identification of lacquer films from the Qin and Han dynasties
Authors: Liu Xin You , Lv Meng Qi , Liu Mihaela , Wu Zhi Hui , Lv Jiu Fang
Published: April 2023

A comprehensive investigation was undertaken of red–black lacquer films excavated from a tomb in the Qin and Han Dynasty period (221 BC to AD 8). Cross-sectional observation was conducted via metallomicroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Morphological characteristics were investigated via FE-SEM with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were also conducted. The results of the cross-sectional analysis showed that the finished lacquer films on the wood body included a ground layer with coarse materials and a lacquer layer with delicate materials. Both SEM and EDX indicated that carbon black was used as the main black pigment, and cinnabar was used as the main red pigment. Compared with the standard card test, the XRD patterns of the Chinese lacquer were similar to that of quartz (SiO2), indicating that SiO2 was used as a putty powder during lacquer finishing. Compared with the FTIR spectrum of the fresh lacquer film, only a small amount of free carbonyl was found in the degraded lacquer, and some organosilicates were likely generated during degradation spanning thousands of years.
Estimation of toughness as a function of compression strength parallel to the grain of tropical woods
Authors: Ruthes Heloiza Candeia , dos Santos Herisson Ferreira , De Araujo Victor Almeida , Azambuja Maximiliano dos Anjos , Aquino Vinicius Borges de Moura , Chahud Eduardo , Branco Luiz Antônio Melgaço Nunes , Favarim Higor Rogério , de Campos Cristiane Inácio , Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco , Christoforo André Luis
Published: April 2023

Tropical species are widely used in construction, and their physical and mechanical properties have been important characteristics with direct impact on the design of structures, especially the strength and stiffness of wood applied in them. Tests to obtain both parameters are conducted under ABNT NBR 7190 (1997) guidelines in Brazil, being rarely found in some research centers because of the higher costs of testing equipment. For instance, the toughness test depends on equipment with a pendulum, whose device requires accuracy and maintenance for reliable analyses. This paper aims to estimate toughness through another property more easily found, given by the compression strength parallel to the grain. For this, 20 tropical wood species of the South American region were used to obtain initial values of these properties. The characteristic values of the compression strength parallel to the grain as well as linear and quadratic regression models were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed and confirmed that a linear model gave better predictions than a quadratic model.
Transparent wood developed by impregnating poplar with epoxy resin assisted by silane coupling agent
Authors: Zhang Kehong , Chu Chengxiang , Li Mengqing , Li Wenhui , Li Jiawei , Guo Xingyu , Ding Yu
Published: April 2023

Biodegradable transparent wood was fabricated by introducing epoxy resin E51 modified with the silane coupling agent (KH550) into bleached poplar veneer. The light transmittance of transparent wood was modulated by KH550 content. The silane coupling agent KH550 was able to change the compatibility of epoxy resin and wood substrate, thereby affecting the performance of transparent wood. In this study, the effect of KH550 on the properties of transparent wood and its mechanism were investigated. The light transmittance, tensile strength, and elongation at break of transparent wood showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with increased KH550 dosage. When the mass ratio of the coupling agent KH550 to the epoxy resin was 1:20, the transparent wood made by impregnating wood substrate with epoxy resin modified by KH550 had the best performance, with the fast degradation starting temperature of 338 °C, 81.07% light transmittance at λ = 780 nm, 59.92 MPa tensile strength, and 3.47% elongation at break. This work provides a new way for preparing high performance transparent wood.
Review: heat and mass transfer in porous medium, mathematic/numerical models and research directions
Authors: Lu Junfeng , Lu Wen qiang
Published: April 2023

This paper is a mini-review for research studies (range from year 2000 to 2018) on porous medium in China. It includes basic mathematic and numerical models for heat and mass transfer through porous medium. And then, several advanced contemporary research topics on porous medium in China are outlined.
Analysis of the interface between two immiscible fluids in porous media considering special cases
Authors: Shahnazari Mohammad Reza , Saberi Ali
Published: April 2023

Analysis of the interface between two immiscible fluids in porous media is considered as a classic problem with numerous industrial applications. Interface between two fluids could be unstable. In addition to defining dimensionless equations for a generalized geometry, this study developed equations for special cases. For the problem in one dimension, linear steady state analysis was done and it is indicated that steady state condition is maintained as long as the density of the upper fluid is less than the density of the lower fluid. By using the "K-Method", an analytical solution of the Boussinesq equation is presented and the results for constant and linear flux are obtained and discussed. Considering a Power-law flux at the origin and dimensional analysis, the drilling mud invasion into a permeable aquifer problems becomes a nonlinear boundary value problem that have been investigated in this paper. The obtained results show that the K-Method has a good ability for investigation of B-L problems such as this solved problem.
Analysis and countermeasures on sustained casing pressure in b-annulus of shale-gas horizontal wells in Sichuan basin of china
Authors: TAO Qian , LV Ruihua
Published: April 2023

In Sichuan Basin of China, the percentage of shale gas wells with sustained casing pressure (SCP) is high, bringing about challenges to the efficient development of gas reservoirs and the wellbore integrity of gas wells. In this paper, the actual SCP situa­tions in domestic shale gas development blocks were analyzed specifically. The gas source was determined by using the isotope analysis method, and SCP mechanisms of shale gas wells were studied by means of physical simulation experiment. Accordingly, the failure laws of cement sheath in different cement slurry systems in the process of fracturing were figured out, and the key technologies of improve the sealing capacity of cement sheath and relieve the SCP phenomenon in staged fracturing wells were developed. On the premise that the cement slurry column can structurally satisfy the sealing requirement completely, a cement slurry system of low porosity and low elastic modulus was developed by means of the interphase filling technique and the set cement porosity decreasing method. The elastic modulus was only 4.2 GPa, the porosity was as low as 27.1% (the porosity of conventional cement stone is 35.0%), and the elastic deformation capacity of cement stone was en­hanced dramatically. The new cement slurry system has been practically applied in 5 wells, and the high-quality cementing rate was 100% with no SCP. This research provides useful reference for SCP control.
The application of illite crystallinity(IC) to reconstruct thermal history of the marine carbonates: a case study from northeast Sichuan basin, southwest China
Authors: Xiucheng Tan , Xiaofang Wang , Shaonan Zhang , Nansheng Qiu , Lunju Zheng , Qi Yang , Xiaodong Fu , Chang Li , Shamsi Imran Haider
Published: April 2023

Paleogeothermometer is one of the uppermost parameters of the reconstruction of thermal history in sedimentary basins. Because there is no suitable paleogeothermometer in the Lower Palaeozoic sequences which are composed of highly and excessively mature carbonates, the reconstruction of thermal history and hydrocarbon generation history is a problem impeding the pace of petroleum exploration of the marine carbonates in China all the time. This paper aims at researching the possibility of illite crystallinity(IC) as the paleogeothermometer of marine carbonates. By thermal simulation experiments, the quantitative relationship between illite crystallinity(IC) and vitrinite reflectance (Ro) has been established and applied to the reconstruction of thermal history in Northeast Sichuan Basin. The result of simulation experiments shows that in Northeast Sichuan Basin, the value of paleoheat flow was 53.5mW/m2 at Middle Silurian which increased gradually from Middle Silurian to Late Permian, and from the beginning of Late Permian it went up to the maximum abruptly (65.3mW/m2). After that it dramatically decreased, reaching 50.3mW/m2 at Early Triassic. The value of paleoheat flow decreased gradually up to 44mW/m2.
Petro physical analysis of wells in explorer field, offshore Niger delta, Nigeria using well log and core data
Authors: UIdeozu  Ideozu , SAyoleyi Lurogho , Sunday Abe J
Published: April 2023

Petro physical Analysis of Wells in Explorer Field Offshore Niger Delta, Nigeria is the focus of this research. Data used in this research well logs and core data that were integrated to evaluate the reservoir characteristics of Explorer Field. The objectives of this research is to determine lithology, shale volume (Vsh), porosity (Φ), permeability (K), fluid saturation and cross plotting of petro physical and core values at specific intervals to evaluate their level of correlation. Twelve hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs from three wells were in this research. The average permeability value of the reservoirs is 20.0140md while porosity value ranges between 18%-39%. Fluid type defined in the reservoirs based on neutron/density log signature indicates water, oil and gas, low water saturation values ranging from 2.9% to 46% in Explorer wells indicate high hydrocarbon saturation. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Regression Equation gave a significant relationship between petro physical derived data and core data. Scatter plot of petro physical gamma ray values versus core gamma ray values gave an approximate linear relationship with correlation coefficient values of 0.6642, 0.9831 and 0.3261. Cross plots of well log determined density values and core density values revealed that there is a strong linear relationship between the two sets of data set with correlation coefficient values of 0.7581, 0.9872 and 0.3557, and the regression equation confirmed the relationship between the two data sets. In addition, the scatter plot of well log derived porosity/density values versus core porosity/ density values revealed a strong linear relationship between the two data sets with correlation coefficient values of 0.7608 and 0.9849; the regression equation confirmed this also. Cross plots of well log derived porosity/density values versus core porosity/density values in Well 3 gave very weak correlation coefficient values of 0.3261 and 0.3557 with a negative slope. The petro physical properties of the reservoirs in Explorer Well showed that they contain hydrocarbon in commercial quantity and the cross plot of the petro physical and core values showed direct relationship in most of the wells.
Evaluation of two tea beverages (camellia sinesis and matricaria chamomilla) as functional foods and their effects on liver biomarkers in wistar rats
Authors: SO Salawu , DM Sanni , YV Aladenika , AA Boligon
Published: April 2023

The present study seeks to evaluate Green tea and Chamomile tea as functional foods, and also to assess their effects on liver biomarkers. HPLC-DAD quali-quantitative analysis of Green tea (GT) and Chamomile tea (C) revealed the presence of some phenolic compounds in both teas, with GT, having the higher total phenolic content. The results of antioxidant indices of the teas revealed that both teas demonstrate good antioxidant action with GT ranking higher. The mineral analysis of the teas showed varied levels of the evaluated minerals and the calculated [phytate]/[Ca], [oxalate]/[Ca], [phytate]/[Zn], [Ca][phytate]/[Zn] molar ratios of the teas fell below the critical values, thereby revealing that Ca and Zn and other minerals would be bio-available. The effects of the teas on the liver biomarkers and the histological examinations showed no damaging effects on the liver. This by implication is that the teas, most especially GT could be explored as functional foods.
Bifid median nerve associated with superficial ulnar artery: case report
Authors: Juan Cruz Vega Pose , Judith Frydman , Guillermo Pfund
Published: April 2023

The median nerve constitutes one of the six terminal branches of the brachial plexus. It descends through the inner part of the arm, and in the forearm through the midline. Once it reaches the wrist, it travels the carpal tunnel and divides into its terminal branches. Different variations have been described regarding its most distal portion in relation to carpal tunnel syndrome, the most frequent neuropathy in the upper limb. We report an anatomical variation in the median nerve and the ulnar artery found in the upper left limb of a female cadaver. The median nerve, in the distal third of the forearm, splits leaving a muscular fascicle interposed between the two branches. The ulnar artery has a superficial course along the entire forearm. In 1977 Lanz grouped the different variations in the median nerve in four sections. Type III (median bifid nerve) was sub classified years later into six subtypes. The present case corresponds to type III of Lanz subtype V (bifid median nerve with abnormal muscular fascicle interposed). Although this nerve variation has been described, the coexistence of a superficial ulnar artery had not been previously reported. Thorough knowledge of median nerve anatomy is of utmost importance to diagnose and treat injuries and entrapment neuropathies affecting this nerve and its major branches in the upper extremity. Furthermore, knowledge of its anatomical variations such as bifurcation of the median nerve or superficial ulnar artery could prevent surgical complications.
About a new self–tuning mechanism in string theory
Authors: EK Park , PS Kwon
Published: April 2023

We briefly review the main points of a new self-tuning mechanism in string theory which is very distinguished from the existing theories. PACS number: 11.25.-w, 11.25.Uv
Nano-technology in photocatalytic application: WO3 based materials-kinetic and mechanistic investigations
Authors: MB Tahir , T Iqbal , A Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Different methods including microbial degradation, adsorption on activated carbon, biosorption, chemical oxidation (using agents such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and chlorine), deep-well injection, incineration, and solvent extraction used for the treatment of industrial wastewater, but, limited owing to high cost, carbon removal of solvents and oxidation of material. Dyes degradation using photocatalysis is one of promising techniques to get to treat hazardous dyes in industrial wastewater. In photocatalysis light is used to enhance the rate of reactio. A quantity of material which is used to enhance the reactional rate under the light that material is photocatalyst. When light falls on photocatalyst it degrades all contamination dyes. The best catalyst use for the degradation is WO3 but it not much effective alone therefore we always use composite with it for enhancement of its efficiency.
Preliminary studies of solar limb brightening at 8mm
Authors: J Kallunki
Published: April 2023

The investigation of the solar limb brightening can give information about various atmospheric structures of the Sun. In this study, preliminary investigations are made at the millimeter wavelength region. Data were obtained from Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto University. The solar radio maps at 8 mm were used for the analysis. Data were only collected from the days of the low solar activity. We found limb brightening between 0.5 and 3 percent at the intermediate regions of the Sun. Our results are consistent with earlier reported results. There is no unambiguous explanation for the limb brightening, but spicules might be one possible source at higher radio frequencies. Also, the possible artificial effects are discussed.
On respectable pseudoscience of weak measurements and others
Authors: VK Ignatovich
Published: April 2023

The paper which introduced such notions as “weak measurements” and “weak values” is shown to be wrong. The correct description of the considered Stern Gerlach experiment is given. Some experimental works based on are criticized. Some other respectable pseudo sciences are also mentioned. In between them are EPR and EPRB paradoxes, Quantum cryptography, teleportation, computers, and researches about Kochen-Specker theorem. A scientific censorship against critical papers is demonstrated. Some real problems of Quantum Mechanics (QM) are listed.
Terminology of the Border Studies as an Interdisciplinary Problem of the Ethnological Discourse
Authors: Mykytenko Oksana
Published: April 2023

The article is about the relevance of border studies in modern European ethnological discourse focused on the symbolic, cultural, geographic, sociological, political, anthropological and other aspects of the investigation. Correlation of the global and the local, or macro- and micro levels in border studies seems to be one of the fundamental theoretical proposition, especially when the question is on the ethnically mosaic Balkan region. The many-sided scientific study causes considerably the breadth of the terminology, connected with the necessity to discern the terms boundary, border, frontier, understanding that each of them can give the adequate model constructing different border zone peculiarities. Anthropological discourse is based on the concept of the boundary as a real territory and at the same time as a symbolically existing space marked with the certain cultural and mythological senses. The processes of the European integration are held simultaneously with the new borders establishment – both real and symbolic, that is especially typical for the Balkan region which ethnocultural space appears as a row of the variants. The article is aimed at the description of the necessity to take into account the interaction and correlation of various historical periods, traditions and cultures during the analysis of a certain ethno-cultural dialect. The relevance of such discourse is determined by the historical heritage of the region revealed as the continuation of tradition or is followed as its reflection.
Theoretical Constructs of Nation Formation in the Realm of the Creation of Ukrainian Identity at the Turn of the 19th – 20th Centuries
Authors: Vermenych Yaroslava
Published: April 2023

Geopolitical vectors of transformational dynamics in the 19th – at the early 20th centuries have been intersected on Ukrainian lands quite often. It has conditioned the necessity of comprehension of both favorable and inhibitory factors of development in the field of self-identification. The nationally conscious elite of Ukrainianhood has used every opportunity to represent the people’s desire for self-determination. The fact that the Ukrainian issue has appeared repeatedly before the politicians of Europe and the world, has created certain obstacles for the implementation of assimilation plans of anti-Ukrainian forces and encouraged Ukrainians not so much to revive the nation as to rebuild it in qualitatively new terms and practices. The article is dedicated to the analysis of theoretical constructs of nation-creation in the context of the formation of the foundations of Ukrainian identity at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries. Emphasis is placed on the definition of fundamental concepts – «nation», «conciliarism», «Ukrainian socio-political thought», «national revival», «Ukrainian project», «national ideal», etc. The comprehension of the reflections arisen at various stages of the search for unifying ideas and social consensus is submitted in the light of the relationship between potential expectations and historical realities. Obviously, it has been impossible to achieve it in the current conditions, but the consolidation context with the representation of the nation idea, popular in the 19th century and inherent in theoretical models, is the evidence of the intellectual maturity of local elites and their awareness of the potential for solidarity. The national idea in its rudimentary form has been quite abstract and against the background of exacerbation of social contradictions is not perceived as a priority at the mass level. However, its search at the turn of the 19th – early 20th centuries has become not only a phenomenon of political life, but also an integral part of socio-political and intellectual thought. Today, given the deepening polarization of Ukrainian society and the transformation of the inherent conflict into an armed stage, this search acquires the significance of ideological heritage, which should be understood comprehensively on the new principles proposed by modern historiography.
Folkloristic Heritage of Tadei Rylskyi in the Research of Oleksii Dei
Authors: Kozar Lidiia
Published: April 2023

The article is about the revering two outstanding folklorists – Tadei Rylskyi and Oleksii Dei – memory. The 180th anniversary of T. Rylskyi’s birthday has been celebrated on January, 2 2021. There is the centenary of O. Dei birthday on March, 30 2021. The scientists are separated with a distance of 80 years. And for hard work, for sincere devotion to Ukrainian science, Folkloristics in particular, they stand at the same high level before our generation. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the need for a deep understanding of their folkloristic and ethnographic heritage, which will serve the creation of an objective concept of the process of historical development of Ukrainian science on folk art. During his lifetime O. Dei has prepared and published more than 400 scientific works in the fields of Folkloristics, Literary Science, History of Journalism, etc., and almost 50 separate book editions. The authoress of the article aims to consider the published works of O. Dei devoted to the study of the folkloristic and ethnographic heritage of T. Rylskyi. Two published works of O. Dei should be distinguished among the research works on the figure of Tadei Rylskyi. These are Songs from Romanivka in the Records of Tadei Rylskyi and Mykola Lysenko (1975); Songs from Romanivka (1970), prepared on the basis of archival materials. It is ascertained, that the folkloristic heritage of T. Rylskyi and his life path are considered in those studies; the analysis of his handwritten collection of songs is carried out; archival song recordings by T. Rylskyi are published for the first time with musical material prepared by S. Hrytsa. In O. Dei opinion, a real merit of T. Rylskyi consists in the fact he has proceeded from democratic positions in the coverage of the people’s life, relying on the solid foundation of folk art. T. Rylskyi has become a pioneer on the path of the spiritual revival of Ukrainianhood. His service to the interests of the people is an example for millions of followers. Folkloristic heritages of Tadei Rylskyi as well as the researcher Oleksii Dei have enriched Ukrainian Folkloristics with famous monumental works of various trends.