bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL MOBILITY OF FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors:   Vinnytsia Мykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Gerasymova Iryna , Halych Tetiana ,   Vinnytsia Academy of Continuing Education, Derun Vitalina ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: January 2022

Purpose. The necessity of quick reaction to today challenges, improving the quality of modern training causes the formation of professional mobility of future teachers. So appear the problem of methodological support for training, finding appropriate approaches to ensure its effectiveness. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research consists of the philosophical propositions of dialectical unity of teaching theory and practice, conceptual propositions of philosophy, pedagogic and psychology though the prism of andragogical, contextual and gender approaches in the training of future teacher in higher education; fundamental works in the field of theory of professional education and activity; propositions of the role of continuing professional education in the process of forming competencies that ensure the professional mobility of the modern teacher. Results. The manifestation of professional mobility at the activity level and at the individual level with the corresponding characteristics is shown. The dependence of the essential content of professional mobility from its specifics of the industry to the features in the field of education is indicated. In the article are grounded methodological approaches to the formation of professional mobility of future teachers – andragogical, contextual and gender; the analyses of each of them with account their aggregate influence on formation of professional mobility. Originality. For the first time in the science of our country based on the analyses and generalization of scientific works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists, the expediency of relying on andragogical, contextual and gender approaches in the formation of professional mobility is substantiated. The need for a gradual transition to andragogical training in the Free Economic Zone has been identified. The generalization of the contextual approach potential confirmed the expediency of its use in professional mobility formation, as its provisions are consistent with the requirements for ensuring the quality of training of future teachers. It is determined that the application of a gender approach in the educational process provides opportunities for professional self-realization of different sexes members. Practical value. Developed methodological approaches to the formation of professional mobility of future teachers can be used in the educational process of high education institutions, in the system of non-formal education, as well as in the training of research and teaching staff in the system of advanced training. References 15, tables 1.
ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY STATE OF THE KREMENCHUK RESERVOIR AQUATORIUM FOR THE PRESERVATION OF LANDSCAPE-BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Kolyesnik Dmytro , Shmandiy Volodymyr ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Kharlamova Olena ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Rygas Tatyana ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University
Published: January 2022

Purpose. The problem of preserving the landscape-biological diversity and ecological safety of fresh waters of the reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade is quite relevant due to its growing deficit in the face of climate change. In reservoirs, the coastline is eroding, causing changes in natural landscapes. Almost everywhere, fresh water pollution is growing and becoming more diverse, as a result of which water becomes unfit not only for drinking or the existence of aquatic organisms, but also for technical purposes. When determining the need for water, it is also important to take into account the own needs of aquatic ecosystems in the water quantity and quality. Fresh water is the most important component of nature with a high rate of biodiversity. It is a medium-higher habitat for many species of living organisms, both aquatic and semi-aquatic, providing purity and self-restoration of surface water quality. Fresh water ecosystems are closely linked to terrestrial ecosystems by thousands of different connections that ensure balance in nature. Therefore, biodiversity conservation is important. Methodology. The research was performed using phytoindication, the method of determining the anatomical and morphological changes of plant indicators. Results. The state of ecological safety of surface waters was assessed using indicators of anatomical and morphological changes of indicator plants, which allow drawing conclusions about the resistance of the ecosystem to harmful factors, as well as the need for additional, more accurate physicochemical studies. The object of the research is the Kremenchuk reservoir, the largest among the reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade. The ecological danger formed in it extends both to the coastal part of the water area and reaches the Black Sea. It is the need for additional physical and chemical tests to accurately identify sources of impact on the water of the Kremenchuk reservoir near the Svitlovodsk and further development of measures to ensure the ecological safety. Originality. For the first time is conducted a study of the ecological safety of the Kremenchuk Reservoir waters by the phytoindication method. According to this study, is demonstrated the effectiveness and simplicity of environmental monitoring using bioindication methods. Practical value. According to this study, we demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity of environmental monitoring using phytoindication methods. References 14, tables 1, figures 3.
CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF THE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING SET OF THE MUNICIPAL SPHERE PROJECTS
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Shevchenko Igor , Vasiliev Denis ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Rylova Nataly ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Sharonova Natalia ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: January 2022

Purpose. As a rule modern organizational systems in any industry contain many elements. These elements are connected by a complex scheme of relationships. In the municipal sphere, various programs and projects are implemented simultaneously. To increase the efficiency of work with projects, it is necessary to solve operations management problems. It is necessary to coordinate the allocation of resources, assess the quality of implementation of individual stages of each project, take into account the joint use of contractors, assess risks and eliminate problem situations. The purpose of the research is to improve the conceptual models of decision support systems to create information technology for managing the implementation of many programs and projects in the municipal sphere. Methodology. For the implementation of operational management of many projects, it is advisable to have the appropriate information technology and tools. The development of such technologies requires a certain methodological approach. The difficulties of structural synthesis of executive systems are associated with the uncertainty of the design tasks conditions. It is impossible to fully specify the algorithms of functioning and interaction of executive structures. Results. An improved ontological metamodel of the problem area and an improved model of the decision support system for managing multiple projects have been developed. Originality. The ontological metamodel of the problem area differs in that it has several strata, each of which identifies the relevant problems and aspects of the organization. The model of the decision support system has been improved by adding a formal static description of the implementation process of many projects and their relationship with many attributes and aspects. Practical value. An ontological metamodel allows to establish hierarchical causal relationships between different problems. This is especially true when implementing many projects involving many departments. The model of the decision support system allows making operational decisions taking into account many factors and their interrelations on various aspects of activity. All this contributes to the main task – the development of information technology to support decision-making in the organizational processes of municipal bodies and enterprises. References 12, figures 1.
EFFECT OF LIGHTNING CURRENTS OF NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE POLARITY ON SURGE ARRESTER
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Trotsenko Yevgeniy , Brzhezitskyy Volodymyr ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Yandulskyy Oleksandr ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Nesterko Artem ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Dixit Mandar ,   Vishwaniketan Institute of Management Entrepreneurship and Engineering Technology
Published: January 2022

Purpose. The study of surge arrester models using oscillograms of real lightning currents and taking into account the polarity of lightning has been further developed. Methodology. Methods of circuit simulation for electrical scheme modes, free software for digitizing a bitmap graphic image of a lightning current oscillogram and converting it into an array of points are used. Results. A studying the model of a typical surge arrester with a nominal discharge current of 10 kA, intended for use in a 10 kV network was carried out. A well-known dynamic (frequency-dependent) model proposed by the IEEE working group was used to simulate the surge arrester. Oscillograms of real lightning currents of negative and positive polarity which were recorded on special towers were digitized. Using a free circuit simulation program, the residual voltage at the terminals of the surge arrester was determined and the energy that the surge arrester should absorb in the event that lightning currents of different waveforms and polarities flow through it, but with the same amplitude of 10 kA. It has been found that positive lightning strikes are potentially more dangerous than negative lightning strikes. It was shown that before the ending of the positive lightning current, the surge arrester have to absorb more than ten times more energy than before the ending of the negative lightning current of the same amplitude. Further development of the proposed approach is seen in its use for the tasks of improving the lightning protection of overhead power lines and protecting the high-voltage insulation of electrical equipment of substations from lightning overvoltage. Originality. The approach takes into account the differences between impulses of lightning currents of negative and positive polarity, which cannot be achieved when using the approximation of lightning currents by simplified expressions. Practical value. The use of the proposed approach improves the accuracy and visualization of research, since it takes into account the actual features of the lightning current curve. References 20, figures 12.
Formação em Odontologia sob o olhar da integração Ensino, Serviço e Comunidade
Authors: Borges Técia Mendes Daltro , Santos Lydia de Brito , Rodrigues Ana Áurea Aleccio , Sampaio Nélia Medeiros
Published: January 2022

Este estudo se refere a um relato sobre a experiência vivenciada nos Estágios que ocorrem de forma articulada Universidade - Serviço de Saúde - Comunidade do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (Bahia – Brasil), após dez anos de implantação do novo currículo obedecendo as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Quanto aos resultados, observou-se um maior comprometimento social e criticidade dos discentes em relação à aplicação do conteúdo teórico-prático, adquirido ao longo da graduação, bem como a aproximação destes com os outros profissionais da Equipe de Saúde da Família e a busca em atender às necessidades de transformação e melhorias da sociedade. Para que os objetivos pedagógicos sejam plenamente alcançados, destaca-se a relevância, não só da capacitação docente e da existência de uma matriz curricular do curso estruturada a partir do conceito de integralidade, como também da sensibilização dos estudantes, da interlocução com os preceptores e da participação ativa de todos os protagonistas nos estágios, colaborando e retroalimentando a integração Ensino-Serviço-Comunidade.
Perilaku Kekerasan Ibu Terhadap Anak Selama Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Cahayanengdian Asri , Sugito Sugito
Published: January 2022

Perilaku kekerasan terhadap anak merupakan suatu tindakan yang salah dan kerap dilakukan oleh orang terdekat  anak yaitu ibu dalam bentuk fisik, verbal dan emosinal sehingga mempengaruhi perkembangan dan mengancam harga diri anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memicu terjadinya perilaku kekerasan ibu terhadap anak selama masa pandemi covid 19. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi dengan teknik analisis data tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang memicu perilaku kekerasan yang dilakukan ibu kepada anak selama pandemi covid 19 yaitu (1) faktor emosional, ibu merasa tidak sabar dan kesulitan membangun motivasi anak saat belajar di rumah; (2) faktor ekonomi, ibu yang bekerja tidak memiliki waktu untuk menemani anak belajar dan tekanan pekerjaan membuat ibu melapiaskan emosinya kepada anak; (3) faktor kultural, ibu merasa memiliki anak dan berhak melakukan apapun pada anak
Analysis of the Impact of Storytelling Methods on Early Childhood Religion and Moral Development
Authors: Rasmini Ni Wayan , Karta I Wayan
Published: January 2022

Activities of moral and religious development must also be promoted in preschool education. The purpose of this study was to analyses the impact of the storytelling method on the religious and moral development of early childhood. The study uses a quantitative method with an experimental post-test pre-test approach of a group design located at Cahaya Ananda Preschool, Mataram which is determined by a purposive cluster sampling. The subjects in this study were 52 children surveyed in classes B1, B2 and B3. The treatment was carried out four times using the storytelling method with tools, hand puppets, standing planel boards, paste and story books with environmental themes. There was an average increase; positive influence of the application of the learning method of storytelling on the religious/moral growth of early childhood. It is recommended that early childhood education teachers constantly improve their storytelling skills in order to be able to increase the potential of children, especially in the moral and religious development of early childhood
Kontribusi Pelatihan dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Guru Membimbing Siswa Bermain Balok
Authors: Masnipal M.
Published: January 2022

Salah satu cara mengembangkan kreativitas anak usia dini melalui permainan konstruktif (balok). Indonesia masih jarang dikembangkan teknik permainan balok. Beberapa teknik dari luar  sulit diaplikasikan guru PAUD di Indonesia.  Model Pengembangan Kreativitas Permainan Konstruktif (PKPK) dikembangkan tahun 2008 dan direkonstruksi 2019 pada skenario dan tahapan disesuaikan jenis balok untuk mempermudah guru dan telah diuji efektivitasnya. Penelitian menguji apakah pelatihan model PKPK berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan keterampilan guru membimbing siswa bermain.  Penelitian menggunakan pre-experimental dengan one-group pretest-posttest design. Alat pengumpul data menggunakan observasi dan ceklis. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan pelatihan berkontribusi meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam: (a) menguasai prosedur, skenario, tahapan bermain; (b) melaksanakan kegiatan bimbingan bermain secara menarik dan menyenangkan; (c) kemudahan menggunakan alat main dan pengaturan waktu, (d) kemampuan menilai siswa.  Peningkatan tersebut diikuti partisipasi siswa dan efektivitas bermain. Hasil penelitian berimplikasi bagi guru untuk mengikuti pelatihan sebelum mengaplikasikan model PKPK di lembaga PAUD.
Permainan Musik Feeling Band Sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Sikap Sabar Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Wahyuni Akhtim , Safitri Badriya Nur
Published: January 2022

Sabar  merupakan sikap dasar emosional yang harus dilatih dan biasakan sejak dini. Anak yang sabar akan mampu menyelesaikan tanggung jawabnya dengan baik tanpa marah dan tergesa-gesa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap sabar melalui permainan musik feeling band anak usia 4-5 tahun di RA Hasan Munadi I Banggle Beji, Pasuruan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subyek tindakan berjumlah 13 anak. Kegiatan diawali Pra Siklus, selanjutnya proses penelitian menggunakan 2 tahap yaitu Siklus I dengan permainan musik dari botol plastik kosong dan diisi batu. Siklus II anak diajak  memainkan alat musik dari kaleng, botol plastik diisi batu, gelas kaca, tutup botol, dan stick. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, sikap sabar anak dari Pra Siklus, Siklus I, dan Siklus II mengalami peningatan signifikan. Ini membuktikan adanya peningkatan sikap sabar anak setelah dilakukan permainan musik feeling band.
Kemampuan Guru dalam Mengelola Kelas selama Pembelajaran Covid-19 pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Pahrul Yolanda , Joni Joni , Marlina Leli
Published: January 2022

Kemampuan mangelola kelas adalah keterampilan guru untuk menciptakan dan memelihara kondisi belajar yang optimal dan mengembalikannya bila terjadi gangguan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan guru dalam mengelola kelas selama pembelajaran masa pandemi Covid-19 di TK Bunga Teratai Kec. Tapung Kab. Kampar. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan observasi. Informan adalah 3 orang guru. Teknik analisis data menggunakan data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing/ verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru TK Bunga Teratai telah memimiliki kemampuan mengelola kelas hal ini terlihat dari pengaturan yang berhubungan dengan tingkah laku, kedisiplinan, perhatian, minat belajar, dan dinamika kelompok. Rekomendasi yang dapat disampaikan adalah selama pembelajaran masa pandemi Covid-19 pihak sekolah hendaknya mempersiapkan fasilitas selama covid-19 ini, seperti kecukupan cairan disinfektan, sabun cuci tangan, air bersih di setiap fasilitas, dan hand sanitizer.
Improvement of Basic Math Skills Through Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in Early Childhood
Authors: Adjie Nahrowi , Putri Suci Utami , Dewi Finita
Published: January 2022

Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) is appropriate for basic education. It bridges abstract to concrete and useful Mathematics. RME emphasizes the importance of real contexts familiar to students and the process of constructing them. This study aims to determine the effect of RME on the ability of basic mathematical skills. The method used is Single Subject Research model experiment with two samples in the A-B-A' design. The results of the study: (1) The subjects before the treatment showed low basic mathematical abilities; (2) Learning activities with the RME approach are effective for improving basic math skills; and (3) the condition of the subjects after being given RME approach is in very good category. It can be concluded that RME has contributed to improve student learning outcomes and make learning more meaningful as learning is always associated and relevant with the reality of children's lives through selected themes.
Pengaruh Permainan Sirkuit Pos Geometri Terhadap Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Sihite Juliana , Dimyati Dimyati
Published: January 2022

Keterampilan motorik kasar memberikan dampak positif bagi kehidupan anak jangka panjang. Permainan sirkuit pos geometri adalah kegiatan bermain yang dapat menstimulasi perkembangan motorik kasar anak, sehingga untuk melihat pengaruh permainan sirkuit pos geometri terhadap motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan sirkuit pos geometri terhadap motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 20 orang anak. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya pengaruh permainan sirkuit pos geometri terhadap motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun. Hal ini dibuktikan  oleh uji hipotesis nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 yang artinya sig. 0,05 maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antar hasil pretest dan posttest. Hal tersebut memberikan implikasi bahwa permainan sirkuit pos geometri berpengaruh secara signifikan dalam menstimulasi motorik kasar anak.
Fun Cooking untuk Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini Selama Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh
Authors: Sumarseh Sumarseh , Suryana Dadan
Published: January 2022

Kognitif merupakan salah satu aspek yang dikembangkan pada anak usia dini. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan fun cooking terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini selama pembelajaran jarak jauh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di TK Pembina Kandis Kabupaten Siak. Menggunakan metode penelitian ekperimen dengan desain Pre Eksperimental Design dengan jenis One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasinya kelas B di TK Pembina Kandis Kabupaten Siak berjumlah 15 anak. Teknik analisis datanya adalah uji Wilcoxon yaitu dengan mencari perbedaan mean Pretest dan Posttest dengan menggunakan analisis uji melalui program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science)17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kegiatan Fun Cooking dapat meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif anak pada usia dini pada masa pembelajaran jarak jauh. Fun cooking merupakan kegiatan yang menyenangkan yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru dan orang tua serta bermanfaat untuk mengembangkan aspek kognitif pada anak.
Efektifitas Pengembangan Model Permainan Bola Keranjang Aspek Motorik Kasar Anak 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Nugroho Isfauzi Hadi , Sukmana Abdian Asgi , Lestariningrum Anik , Septiano Naufal Ismail , Rizqi Agung Barokatir
Published: January 2022

Permasalahan motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun dari pembelajaran daring menyebabkan anak lebih banyak beraktifitas dengan duduk di depan laptop atau gawai HP sehingga gerak motorik kasarnya kurang seperti berlari, melempar, menendang bola, senam dimana aktivitas tersebut melatih kemampuan motorik dan sensori sebagai dasar pedoman pengembangan kemampuan melalui bermain bebas yang membutuhkan gerakan syaraf otot-otot besar sangat kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini mengembangkan model permainan  inovasi pembelajaran motorik kasar. Desain menggunakan pendekatan R D (Reseach and Development) yang menghasilkan produk mengadopsi model Borg Gall disederhanakan peneliti. Subjek penelitian anak kelompok B TK Perwanida Mrican Kediri. Teknik pengumpuln data lembar observasi ceklist dan wawancara. Analisis data  deskriptif kuantitatif. Tahapan analisis kebutuhan permainan, instrument dan model permainan di validasi dan uji coba kelompok kecil.   Hasil menunjukan efektifitas  pengembangan model permainan aspek motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun valid, praktis dan memiliki potensi dapat digunakan seluruh guru ketika proses pembelajaran motorik kasar.
Typification of species names of the genus Thymus (Lamiaceae) described from the North Caucasus and notes to the lectotypification of T. pallasianus and T. buschianus
Authors: Vasjukov V. M. , Melnikov D. G.
Published: January 2022

For five species of the genus Thymus (Lamiaceae) described from the North Caucasus, the lectotypes are designated: T. helendzhicus Klokov et Des.-Shost., T. latissimus Klokov, T. nummularius M. Bieb., T. pulchellus C. A. Mey., T. pastoralis Iljin ex Klokov. The original material of T. odoratissimus M. Bieb. (≡ T. pallasianus Heinr. Braun) is discussed. The information on unintentional lectotypification of T. buschianus Klokov et Des.-Shost. is given.
Thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets with a graphite outer shell
Authors: Hakim Kaustubh , van den Berg Arie , Vazan Allona , Höning Dennis , van Westrenen Wim , Dominik Carsten
Published: January 2022

The presence of rocky exoplanets with a large refractory carbon inventory is predicted by chemical evolution models of protoplanetary disks of stars with photospheric C/O >0.65, and by models studying the radial transport of refractory carbon. High-pressure high-temperature laboratory experiments show that most of the carbon in these exoplanets differentiates into a graphite outer shell. Our aim is to evaluate the effects of a graphite outer shell on the thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets containing a metallic core and a silicate mantle. We implement a parameterized model of mantle convection to determine the thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets with graphite layer thicknesses up to 1000 km. We find that, due to the high thermal conductivity of graphite, conduction is the dominant heat transport mechanism in a graphite layer for the long-term evolution (>200 Myr). The conductive graphite shell essentially behaves like a stagnant lid with a fixed thickness. Models of Kepler-37b (Mercury-size) and a Mars-sized exoplanet show that a planet with a graphite lid cools faster than a planet with a silicate lid, and a planet without a stagnant lid cools the fastest. A graphite lid needs to be approximately ten times thicker than a corresponding silicate lid in order to produce similar thermal evolution.
COVID-19 on mind: Daily worry about the coronavirus is linked to negative affect experienced during mind-wandering and dreaming
Authors: Sikka Pilleriin , Tuominen Jarno , Ezquerro-Nassar Alejandro , Kirberg Manuela , Loukola Ville , revonsuo antti , Valli Katja , Windt Jennifer , Bekinschtein Tristan , Noreika Valdas
Published: January 2022

Despite a surge of studies on the effects of COVID-19 on our well-being, we know little about how the pandemic is reflected in people’s spontaneous thoughts and experiences, such as mind-wandering (or daydreaming) during wakefulness and dreaming during sleep. We investigated whether and how COVID-19 related general concern, anxiety, and daily worry are associated with the daily fluctuation of the affective quality of mind-wandering and dreaming, and to what extent these associations can be explained by poor sleep quality. We used ecological momentary assessment by asking participants to rate the affect they experienced during mind-wandering and dreaming in daily logs over a two-week period. Our preregistered analyses based on 1755 dream logs from 172 individuals and 1496 mind-wandering logs from 152 individuals showed that, on days when people reported higher levels of negative affect and lower levels of positive affect during mind-wandering, they experienced more worry. Only daily sleep quality was associated with affect experienced during dreaming at the within-person level: on nights with poorer sleep quality people reported experiencing more negative and less positive affect in dreams and were more likely to experience nightmares. However, at the between-person level, individuals who experienced more daily COVID-19 worry during the study period also reported experiencing more negative affect during mind-wandering and during dreaming. As such, the continuity between daily and nightly experiences seems to rely more on stable trait-like individual differences in affective processing.
The CARA (Cautioning and Relationship Abuse) Service Theory of change, impact evaluation and economic benefits study report
Authors: Christie Christine , Karavias Yiannis , Bandyopadhyay Siddhartha , Bradbury-Jones Caroline , Taylor Julie , Kane Eddie , Flowe Heather D
Published: January 2022

This project found that the CARA (Cautioning and Relationship Abuse) Service has a significant impact on recidivism. On average, the CARA Service reduced offences by 81% in the first six months and by 56% in the first 12 months for West Midlands. CARA reduced offences by 39% in the first six months and by 41% in the first 12 months for Hampshire. The economic benefits study suggests that the economic benefits of introducing a CARA Service into a police force area are significant, even using conservative estimates. For West Midlands, the net benefit of the CARA Service would be £152,775.94 in a period of six months and £156,581 annually. For Hampshire, the net benefit is estimated to be £596,066 in the first six months and £780,864.40 annually. For West Midlands, the benefit-cost ratio is equal to 2.75, meaning that for each pound invested in a CARA project 2.75 pounds are gained. For Hampshire, the benefit-cost ratio is equal to 11.10, meaning that for each pound invested in a CARA project 11.10 pounds are gained. These numbers are conservative estimates of the true impact of CARA effect (i.e., the actual benefit of CARA could be greater).
Hunter-gatherer children at school: A view from the Global South
Authors: Ninkova Velina , Hays Jennifer , Lavi Noa , Ali Aishah , da Silva Macedo Silvia Lopes , Davis Helen Elizabeth , Lew-Levy Sheina
Published: January 2022

Universal formal education is a major global development goal. Yet, hunter-gatherer communities have extremely low participation rates in formal schooling, even in comparison with other marginalized groups. Here, we review the existing literature to identify common challenges faced by hunter-gatherer children in formal education systems in the Global South. We find that hunter-gatherer children are often granted extensive personal autonomy, which is at odds with the authoritarian culture of school. Hunter-gatherer children face economic, infrastructural, social, cultural, and structural barriers which negatively affect their school participation. While schools are a risk to the transmission of hunter-gatherer values, languages, and traditional knowledge, they are also viewed by hunter-gatherer communities as a source of economic and cultural empowerment. These findings highlight the need for hunter-gatherer communities to decide for themselves the purpose school serves, and whether children should be compelled to attend.
Statebuilding in the City: An Experiment in Civilian Alternatives to Policing
Authors: Blattman Christopher , Duncan Gustavo , Lessing Benjamin , Tobon Santiago
Published: January 2022

State penetration varies widely within cities, with well-governed areas abutting persistently neglected ones. Governments are seeking ways to improve penetration, local security, and state legitimacy. We experimentally evaluate a 20-month non-police intervention in Medellín, Colombia, that dramatically increased municipal personnel and agency attention to 40 neighborhoods. Despite the intensity, average impacts on security and perceived legitimacy were negligible. Prespecified subgroup analysis reveals important heterogeneity, however. Where state governance began relatively lower, impacts were null to negative, but in initially high-governance sectors, security and state legitimacy significantly improved. These divergent impacts apparently resulted from city staff and agencies systematically underdelivering in low-initial-governance sectors. Bureaucratic capacity and incentives to deliver often depend on baseline state engagement, trust, and accountability. This could result in increasing marginal returns to statebuilding, which in turn would lead to persistent "neglect traps"—political attention and investment where state presence is already robust, reinforcing existing disparities.
The silent majority: the typical Canadian sex worker may not be who we think
Authors: Kennedy Lynn
Published: January 2022

See PLoS_ONE_Files in the associated project for supplemental materials, cover letter and response to reviewers. Background: Most sex worker population studies measure population at discrete points in time and very few studies have been done in industrialized democracies. The purpose of this study is to consider how time affects the population dynamics of contact sex workers in Canada using publicly available internet advertising data collected over multiple years.Methods: 3.6 million web pages were collected from advertising sites used by contact sex workers between November, 2014 and December, 2016 inclusive. Contacts were extracted from ads and used to identify advertisers. First names were used to estimate the number of workers represented by an advertiser. Counts of advertisers and names were adjusted for missing data and overcounting. Two approaches for correcting overcounts are compared. Population estimates were generated weekly, monthly and for the two year period. The length of time advertisers were active was also estimated. Estimates are also compared with related research. Results: Canadian sex workers typically advertised individually or in small collectives (median name count 1, IQR 1-2, average 1.8, SD 4.4). Advertisers were active for a mean of 73.3 days (SD 151.8, median 14, IQR 1-58). Advertisers were at least 83.5% female. Respectively the scaled weekly, monthly, and biannual estimates for female sex workers represented 0.2%, 0.3% and 2% of the 2016 Canadian female 20-49 population. White advertisers were the most predominant ethnic group (53%).Conclusions: Sex work in Canada is a more pervasive phenomenon than indicated by spot estimates and the length of the data collection period is an important variable. Non-random samples used in qualitative research in Canada likely do not reflect the larger sex worker population represented in advertising. The overall brevity of advertising activity suggests that workers typically exercise agency, reflecting the findings of other Canadian research.
The James Leininger Case Re-Examined
Authors: Sudduth Michael
Published: January 2022

In this article, I examine an ostensible case of the reincarnation type previously investigated and analyzed by Jim Tucker, M.D. of the University of Virginia. The case concerns James Leininger, a young boy who beginning around age two in 2000 and for several years thereafter began exhibiting behaviors and making claims that were later believed to resemble the life and death of World War II fighter pilot James Huston, Jr. The James Leininger story is widely regarded as a superior American case of reincarnation. After a two-year investigation of this case, I present my findings and their implications for the evaluation of this case as evidence for reincarnation.

The favorable assessment of the case is based on the assumption that there is a sufficiently robust and credible narrative of James Leininger’s experiences, behaviors, and claims. I will argue that the chronology of events which provide the factual scaffolding of this case is neither robust nor credible, especially with respect to what are presumed to be the case’s strongest features. The official narrative is not robust because it excludes salient contextual details related to James’s exposure to ordinary sources of information which plausibly shaped his experience. The narrative is not credible because the presumed facts of the case are based almost exclusively on the testimony of James Leininger’s parents, but their testimony suffers from a variety of significant credibility problems. These two defects – lack of narrative robustness and credibility – also vitiate Jim Tucker’s investigation and presentation. Consequently, his favorable assessment of this case as evidence for reincarnation is unwarranted.
La transexualidad en los cibermedios españoles. Presencia, preeminencia y temas (2000-2020)
Authors: Olveira-Araujo Rubén
Published: January 2022

Transsexuality has found a place in both the Spanish collective mindset and media. To analyze the portrayal of this type of sexual diversity in the media, we evaluated its presence in cybermedia, its preeminence in journalistic texts, and the issues addressed in its media coverage. A quantitative content analysis (N = 24,363) of the journalistic texts published during the period 2000–2020 by 13 generalist Spanish cybermedia was carried out, using both rule-based classification and unsupervised topic modeling. The results highlight an increase in journalistic texts about transsexuality, in which three inflection points and four phases or distribution changes can be distinguished. The preeminence of this topic within the analyzed pieces has also increased, and the issues covered have diversified over the years. Overall, these data confirm the newsworthiness that this type of sexual diversity achieved throughout the first two decades of the twenty-first century. Media attention especially highlights the newsworthiness of aspects such as conflict, the protagonist’s notoriety, or periodicity through anniversary journalism. Likewise, the results also suggest that the media offer an increasingly complex portrayal that favors both the visibility and the understanding of the different dimensions and characteristics that intersect in these realities. Resumen La transexualidad se ha hecho un hueco en el imaginario colectivo español y también en los medios de comunicación. Con el objetivo de analizar la representación mediática de este hecho de diversidad sexual se ha analizado su presencia en los cibermedios, su preeminencia en los textos periodísticos y los asuntos que conforman su cobertura mediática. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis de contenido cuantitativo (N = 24.363) de los textos periodísticos publicados durante el período 2000-2020 por trece cibermedios generalistas españoles, recurriendo tanto a la clasificación de textos mediante un sistema de reglas como al modelado de temas no supervisado. Los resultados apuntan a un incremento de los textos periodísticos sobre la transexualidad, en el que se han distinguido tres puntos de inflexión y cuatro fases o cambios de distribución. Su protagonismo dentro de las piezas analizadas también ha aumentado y los asuntos se han ido diversificando con el paso de los años. En conjunto, estos datos dejan constancia de la noticiabilidad que ha adquirido este hecho de diversidad sexual a lo largo de las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI, en cuya atención mediática destacan valores-noticia como el conflicto entre las partes, la notoriedad de los protagonistas o la periodicidad a través del periodismo de aniversario. También sugieren que los medios de comunicación ofrecen cada vez una representación más compleja que favorece tanto la visibilización como la comprensión de las diferentes dimensiones y características que interseccionan en estas realidades.
FRANCHISING AS A STRATEGY OF ENTERING FOREIGN MARKETS IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY
Authors: Cvrtak Katja Rakušić , Zekan Senka Borovac , Vranješ Karmen Pivčević
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This paper aims to provide the theoretical basis of a franchise business with particular reference to the hotel industry. In addition, this paper aims to provide a detailed analysis of the world's most prominent franchises in the hotel industry and compare the situation in Croatia to the rest of the world. Methods: Almost half (47%) of all franchised hotels globally are owned by four large franchise chains: Accor, Marriott International, Hilton and InterContinental Hotels Group. In order to provide the essential theoretical knowledge about the franchise and franchise business, these four hotel franchises are analyzed. Results: Franchise business presents an excellent opportunity for future hotel owners. However, the analyzed hotel groups do not offer direct or indirect financing forms to help interested entrepreneurs enter into a franchise business. Conclusion: A franchise business is an attractive entrepreneurial alternative for entrepreneurs who have lack of knowledge and lack of capital. The franchise business in the hotel industry in the Republic of Croatia is present but not to the same extent as in other tourist developed countries. Therefore, it is necessary to design appropriate sources of financing that would facilitate entry into the franchise relationship.
WOMEN'S LABOR FORCE, WOMEN'S EMPLOYEMENT, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR SUPPORT
Authors: SARIBAŞ Serap
Published: January 2022

Women's involvement in business life and better understanding of the concept women's labor force can be attributed to the Industrial Revolution that emerged in the UK in the 18th century. With the industrial revolution, the world has started to change, whereby it is suggested that demand for labor force has emerged, and women and men play an important role in meeting those demands. An entrepreneur can be defined as the person who gathers production factors to realize the production of economic good and services to meet the needs. Realizing every entrepreneurial activity within a certain plan and schedule is an integral part of laying the foundation of a healthy enterprise. Otherwise, it is possible for many enterprises to encounter undesired situations such as bankruptcy or closure and losing all existing savings because of financial and technical problems within the business cycle. It has been suggested that the continuous low rate of women's employment cannot be associated with a single reason. However, largely, the obstacles in women's employment can be listed as follows: traditional family structure, social value judgments, gender-oriented division of labor, weakness of the demand structure for women's work, low volume of employment in the society, rural-to-urban movement of migration, disintegration in agricultural production structure, low level of women's education and especially in professional areas, fertility of women, motherhood, deinstitutionalization of housework and childcare, and lack of mechanisms that facilitate introduction of women into the labor market. In Turkey, numerous institutions and organizations support women's entrepreneurship. Apart from moral support, institutions also provide financial support for women. Some examples of these institutions are KAGİDER, TOBB, KOSGEB, Chamber of Industry, Chamber of Commerce, local administrations, and Entrepreneurship Foundation etc.
EXAMINATION EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL POWER DISTANCE BASED ON DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS: AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH IN TRABZON PROVINCE
Authors: ATALAY Mustafa Özgün , AYDEMİR Pınar , ACUNER Taner
Published: January 2022

The aims of this research are to determine the organizational power distance levels of the employees, to reveal the differences in the organizational power distance perceptions of the employees according to various demographic variables, and to determine the relationship between the sub-dimensions of organizational power distance. In this context, the “Organizational Power Distance” scale was used to obtain data from 397 white-collar employees working in the communication, banking, insurance, and food sectors in Trabzon province and its districts. The obtained data was analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 statistical package program. When the findings were evaluated, it was determined that while the employees perceived the sub-dimensions of accepting and consenting of power at a moderate level, they experienced a low level of instrumental use of power and a very low level of power legitimation in organizations. Based on the research findings, it was observed that the perception of organizational power distance and its sub-dimensions showed significant differences according to the age variable. In addition, it was concluded that the level of instrumental use of power, which is one of the sub-dimensions of organizational power distance perception, shows significant differences in the communication and food sectors. According to the results of the correlation analysis, it has been determined that there are moderate and high-level, significant and positive relationships between organizational power distance and its sub-dimensions.
Threat Intelligence technology and methods of its use to protect the company from cyber threats
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Dorokhin O. O. , Marchenko V. V. , Semenova I. D.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the methods of using Threat Intelligence technology ("threat intelligence" or "cyber intelligence" in English) in companies that need to build a secure IT infrastructure and mechanisms to counter information security threats using this technology. The value of Threat Intelligence against the background of existing cyber threats has been studied. Ways to implement Threat Intelligence technology are described. The process of working with Threat Intelligence is described step by step, recommendations are given to get the most out of cyber intelligence.
Cybersecurity audit technology of corporate information system according to ISO / IES: 27001
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kovalenko S. V. , Smolyev Ye. S. , Bargylevych O. A.
Published: January 2022

The problem of cybersecurity of corporate information systems is analyzed in the work and the purpose and tasks of their protection are defined. An analysis of existing technologies for cybersecurity audit of corporate information systems and international standards that describe them. The methods of conducting cybersecurity audit according to the methods of international standards ISO / IEC 27001, ISO / IEC 19011 and COBIT are studied. The types, principles and main stages of cybersecurity audit are identified. On the basis of the researches carried out in the work the variant of technology of carrying out of audit of cybersecurity of corporate information systems by a technique of the international standards is developed. Recommendations for the application of the technology variant of the cybersecurity audit of corporate information systems have been developed.
Providing secure access to cloud services based on the Microsoft Cloud App Security solution
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Osmak D. P. , Dmitriyev V. Ye. , Svertoka V. V
Published: January 2022

Methods and means of providing access to cloud services on the example of Microsoft Cloud App Security solution are studied. The purpose, main functions and principles of the Microsoft Cloud App Security solution are defined. Based on the research conducted in the work, a variant of the technology of providing secure access to cloud services of the corporate information system and recommendations for the application of this technology at the enterprise have been developed.
IoT protection based on Lora Wan
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Maslova Yu. Yu. , Dovzhenko N. M. , Lavrovskyy I. M.
Published: January 2022

The paper analyzes the life cycle of IOT devices, IOT software development cycle, analyzes threats and technologies of device protection, as well as LoRaWAN protocol, ways of device interaction, network architecture and ways of information protection within this protocol. The main stages of the IOT device life cycle, the stages of IOT software development in the context of information security and the threats that may arise at different stages of the IOT device life cycle are studied. Recommendations and proposals for the organization of processes of interaction with stakeholders, directly on the processes of obtaining a particular IoT device in the security context, and reviewed technologies for the protection of IoT devices based on the LoRaWAN protocol.
Ensuring cyber protection of a computer network object of information activity
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kotenko A. M. , Yasko M. S.
Published: January 2022

Ways to obtain unauthorized information on computer networks and threats to cyber security in them are described. It is shown that in order to ensure reliable protection of information in computer systems, in addition to ensuring the security of information in the network, it is necessary to ensure the security of the physical environment of the computer network. It is recommended to use the recommendations of the X.805 standard to ensure the security of information on the computer network.