bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vinterutfodring av renar - effekter på renarnas beteende, renskötseln och miljön
Authors: Skarin Anna , Turunen Minna , Eilertsen Svein Morten , Rautiainen Heidi , Horstkotte Tim , Baal Ole Nils Aslak , Blind Leif-Anders , Emanuelsson Ove , Hallergren Ove , Kaddik Anna-Marja , Labba Lars-Tomas , Larsson Helén , Larsson Mikael , Lifjell Tom , Lundgren Johan , Majuri Karoliina , Mustonen Janne , Oskal Helge , Paulsen Majken , Post Laura , Rasmus Sirpa , Risvoll Camilla , Tømmervik Hans , Utsi Nils-Johan , Nejne Vannar Elisabeth , Åhman Birgitta
Published: May 2024

This report is based on the results from a Nordic network project funded by The Nordic Joint Committee for Agricultural and Food Research (NKJ) during the years 2021-2022. This network was created to encourage further cross-border discussions about the prospects of winter feeding of reindeer. In reindeer husbandry winter feeding has increased during the last decades due to competing land use activities and climate change. Herders in Norway, Sweden and Finland have previously raised concerns about the benefits and risks associated to the increasing need of winter feeding of reindeer in all three countries.
The report, published in Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi, and covers the main findings from a series of preparatory workshops within each country and a main workshop in Arvidsjaur 8-9 June 2022. During the network activities, reindeer herders, researchers and managers discussed the effects of feeding on reindeer behaviour, herding practices and the environment. The two main topics discussed at the preparatory workshops were 1) the short- and long-term effects of winter feeding on reindeer behaviour, and 2) local to large scale effects of feeding on the environment and the natural pastures. During the main workshop, discussions were held about reasons for feeding of reindeer, the preconditions of feeding in the three countries, how winter feeding is usually performed, and best practices in relation to reindeer behaviour and the environment.
The work aimed at promoting knowledge exchange on winter feeding of reindeer among all participants to help find solutions and mitigation actions to avoid changes in reindeer behaviour and negative effects of feeding on reindeer, reindeer herding and the environment. The report is aimed at herders, managers, as well as other land users, authorities and policymakers to give information on what was discussed and a summary of the challenges related to winter feeding and effects on reindeer behaviour and reindeer husbandry, and the environment.
Rangifer Report No 18 is the Swedish version of the report. Reports in Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi are published as following numbers of Rangifer Report.
HUMEDALIA: DOCUMENTAL INTERACTIVO SOBRE EL TREBAL. Conexión Humedal: Estrategia de educomunicación para el fortalecimiento de la apropiación en la comunidad educativa y civil en torno al humedal El Trebal, comuna de Padre Hurtado
Authors:   , Contreras Quiroz Constanza Edith
Published: May 2024

El presente documento propone un plan de acción de educación-comunicación que se enmarca dentro de la estrategia general Conexión Humedal, compuesta por cuatro planes de acción de diferente naturaleza. El proyecto se basa en la realización de un documental interactivo dirigido a niñas, niños y adolescentes de segundo ciclo básico. Este género presenta características que lo hacen poseedor de componentes educomunicativos que invitan a la participación e involucramiento por parte de sus públicos, lo que posibilita promover la educación ambiental y el conocimiento sobre el patrimonio natural El Trebal, permitiendo fortalecer el sentido de apropiación y valoración del humedal por parte de los participantes.
Student Teachers' Attitudes towards the Teaching Profession: A Case Study of the University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Adjei Justice Samuel , Kor Jacob Aaworb-nang Maabobr
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this work was to find out student teachers’ attitudes towards the teaching profession using data from the University of Cape Coast. The major conclusion is that student teachers in the eight selected education programmes in the Faculty of Education at the University of Cape Coast have a negative attitude towards the teaching profession, notwithstanding the significant differences observed between the programmes. It has also been established that students feel that salaries paid to teachers are not commensurate with their workload and that they are more likely to leave than to remain in the teaching profession.
However, trainee teachers ironically believe that they have prospects and given the chance to undertake further studies, trainee teachers will not hesitate to study education.
Ghana Educational Service (G.E.S), the Ashanti Regional Office, Kumasi, Ghana Organisational Culture and Team Effectiveness Assessment
Authors: Aaworb-Nang Jacob Maabobr Kor
Published: May 2024

An organisation conducts a performance evaluation when it methodically develops an assessment tool, uses the tool to collect data, analyses the findings, and prepares a strategic improvement plan to alter its general purpose. This evaluation was conducted using a descriptive research method called sampled cross-sectional data collection. A questionnaire was distributed to the staff of Ashanti's regional educational office, and they were asked to respond. Their comments provided information about their opinions, attitudes, and tastes. For the administration of the organisational effectiveness and culture assessment questionnaires, twenty-five (25) sampled members of the office staff were utilised. At first, the entire population of thirty-five (35) employees was intended to respond to the surveys. The analysis's findings include the following information:i) The preferred culture of the personnel differs from the current culture.ii) How much team effectiveness is now being used at the regional educational office of Ashanti, and how much team effectiveness is something they "would like" to see in their organisation?iii) It was determined that a few elements need to be strengthened because they directly influence organisational effectiveness. For a useful generalisation to be formed, it is advised that a study be conducted in a larger organisation.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis: An Updated Review
Authors: Rajah Kumar Hari
Published: May 2024

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for the management of gallstone disease, but it has recently been incorporated into the treatment of acute cholecystitis. It is divided into early and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is done within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms, and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy is done after eight weeks. As there is no consensus on the timing of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy in adults and elderly patients, we have conducted this review article to examine the timing of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the risk factors for conversion to open cholecystectomy, and the role of laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy in the management of acute cholecystitis.
Temporal and Spatial Variation of The Virtual Height of Ionosperic F2–layer Over Two Equatorial Stations During the Minimum to Ascending Phase of Solar Cycle 25
Authors: Onori Eugene O. , Kayode Yusuf O. , Ometan Oluwafunmilayo O. , Whetode James M. , Obasi-oma Oluwatosin R. , Fakunle Olorunfemi A. , Sode Adesina T. , Ogungbe Abiola S. , Somoye Emmanuel O.
Published: May 2024

The research examines ionospheric F2-layer virtual height (h’F2) variations at Ilorin (14.80°N, 17.40°W) in the Africa sector and Boa Vista (2.80°N, 299.30°E) in the America sector, during Solar Cycle 25's minimum and ascending phases. The aim is to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of the virtual height of the F2-layer over two equatorial stations during the minimum to ascending phase of Solar Cycle 25 at two equatorial stations in two different longitudinal sectors. Analyzing data from these stations statistically, the paper investigates diurnal, seasonal, and annual variations in h’F2.Diurnally, the h’F2 demonstrates greater responsiveness during daytime (06:00 – 18:00 LT) compared to nighttime (18:00 – 05:00 LT). Seasonally, peak values occur around noon and post-noon periods, displaying significant disparities during equinoxes and solstices over both stations in the different solar phases. During the minimum phase year (2020), peak heights of h’F2 reached 387 km at Ilorin and 372 km at Boa Vista. In the ascending phase year (2021), these peaks slightly shifted to 389 km at Ilorin and 404 km at Boa Vista. Annually, the highest peak values of h’F2 occur at noon, measuring 376 km at Ilorin and 331 km at Boa Vista during the minimum phase, while during the ascending phase, both stations recorded almost identical values of 305 km at noon. Overall, h’F2 variation exhibited higher magnitude at Ilorin in the African longitudinal sector than at Boa Vista in the American longitudinal sector during the minimum phase of solar cycle 25, with the reverse observed during the ascending phase. This detailed analysis illuminates the complex variations in ionospheric behavior across various time frames and geographic locations, showcasing substantial variability and sensitivity to solar influences in equatorial stations across Africa and America.
A Review of the Coronavirus Epidemic in Nigeria
Authors: Akpokiro Prince , Kolapo Funsho , Okpeku Aimalohi
Published: May 2024

Nigeria has experienced serious difficulties as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, which has affected the entire world. With a focus on public health response, socioeconomic effects, and epidemiology, this thorough review aims to offer an in-depth review of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. The epidemiological overview examines the COVID-19 pandemic's spread in Nigeria. This research aims to provide an in-depth review of Nigeria's techniques and efforts in fighting COVID-19, focusing on what contributes to Nigeria's low COVID-19 mortality toll compared to other nations. In summary, the review concludes with recommendations for future approaches to managing the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, highlighting the significance of ongoing public health initiatives, fair vaccination programs, and international cooperation. It emphasizes how adaptive techniques are necessary to deal with changing issues and guarantee that the nation is ready for future health emergencies. This comprehensive review, in its entirety, provides insightful information about the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, laying the groundwork for well-informed policy development, research projects, and decision-making targeted at halting the pandemic and preserving public health in the country.
Effect of Kharif Paddy Straw Management Options on Nitrogen Requirement to Rabi Paddy
Authors: K Navya. , R Uma Reddy. , A Krishna Chaitanya. , K. B Suneetha Devi.
Published: May 2024

A study conducted during the rabi season of 2020-21 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial, under the auspices of Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, yielded insightful findings. The investigation revealed that incorporating paddy straw with a C:N ratio of 71:1 led to the immobilization of soil mineral nitrogen. Specifically, during 7, 15, and 30 days after treatment (DAT), approximately 7.2, 9.3, and 7.03 kg ha-1 of available nitrogen respectively was immobilized without phosphorus, whereas with phosphorus addition, the figures rose to 10.94, 14.75, and 11.04 kg ha-1 during the same time frames. Notably, after harvest of rabi rice significantly higher soil available nitrogen levels were recorded under paddy straw incorporation with phosphorus (169.7 kg ha-1), followed by incorporation without phosphorus (161.2 kg ha-1), and paddy straw burning (151.9 kg ha-1). Moreover, the application of nitrogen at graded levels impacted soil available nitrogen. Based on these findings, it was recommended, to counteract the immobilization effect and maximize crop yield, it was advised to apply 15% excess of recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN), as basal application.
Cultural, Morphological and Pathogenic Variability in the Colletotrichum capsici Isolates, Inciting Anthracnose and Fruit rot of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in different Agro-Climatic Zones of Kerala, India
Authors: Jojy Elizabeth T. , P. Amrutha , Johnson Joy Michal , A. Sajeena , M. Rafeekher , N. V Radhakrishnan , Paul Ambily
Published: May 2024

Aims: To study the cultural, morphological and pathogenic variability existing among the pathogen isolates of Colletotrichum capsici, inciting anthracnose and fruit rot of chilli in Kerala.
Study Design: Completely randomized design (CRD).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture (Kerala Agricultural University), Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram during 2018-2019.
Methodology: A survey was conducted in the five agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of Kerala viz., Northern zone, Central zone, Special problem zone, High range zone and Southern zone to assess the incidence and severity of anthracnose disease. The various symptoms in the surveyed locations were also noted. Pathogen isolates were grown in PDA medium in the laboratory and colony characters (colour and mycelial growth rate of pathogen colonies) were observed. Also, the morphological characters viz., mycelial width, shape and size of conidia, acervular diameter, number and size of setae, appressorial size were recorded.
Results: Maximum anthracnose incidence of 90 per cent and severity of 52.60 per cent were noticed at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Pilicode (Northern zone). Characteristic leaf spot, fruit rot and die-back symptoms were observed in the survey locations. Pathogen colonies showed different shades of white, off-white to grey turning brown or black with regular or irregular margins and concentric rings of black acervuli in the potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The diameter of growth of C. capsici isolates ranged from 7.20 to 8.60 cm at 7 days after incubation. All the C. capsici isolates initiated hyaline mycelium having a width of 1.73 - 2.36 µm and produced numerous sickle shaped conidia with a size range of 19.42 - 20.46 µm × 2.16 - 3.09 µm. Black coloured, circular or ellipsoidal acervuli (122.14 - 189.08 µm dia.) had 20 – 46 setae of length 74.13 to 107.30 µm. Also, brown or black appressoria of size 8.64 - 12.64 µm × 5.54 - 7.84 µm were formed in slide culture. Cc3 from College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara was obtained as the most virulent isolate producing a lesion size of 1.13 cm and PDI of 45.33 in the artificially inoculated chilli fruits (var. Vellayani Athulya) at 5 days after inoculation.
Conclusion: All the nine C. capsici isolates exhibited variability in their cultural, morphological and pathogenic characteristics. Variability in phytopathogenic fungi helps in identifying novel and sustainable control methods to tackle the diseases incited by them. Understanding pathogen variability provides new insights for developing effective disease management methods. This will help in promoting sustainable agriculture and preventing severe crop losses.
Effects of Surface Modification on the Mechanical Properties and Water Absorbtion of Raphia farinifera (Raphia Fibre)
Authors: Omemereyore Ikoya, Abosede , Uzoma Onuegbu Theresa , Princewill Okeke Abuchi
Published: May 2024

The effect of surface modification on the mechanical properties and water absorption of Raphia farinifera (raphia fibre) were examined. The fibre was treated with 2% benzoyl peroxide in acetone, 10% potassium hydroxide, 25% hydrogen peroxide and 1% potassium permanganate in one hour. The mechanical properties; tensile strength, load at break, modulus and water absorption properties were investigated and results compared with control (untreated fibre). The results of the mechanical properties showed that the tensile strength of the fibre (Raphia farinifera) improved from 50.1142MPa for the untreated fibre to 132.3482MPa for potassium hydroxide treatment and 146.0181MPa for hydrogen peroxide treatment. Benzoyl peroxide treatment showed superior load at break value (25.5617N) over the untreated fibre (14.7847N). The results of water absorption showed that the treatment of the fibre reduced the hydrophilic nature of this fibre. However, benzoyl peroxide treatment showed highest reduction in water absorption capacity of the fibre followed by potassium hydroxide treatment.
Genetic Variability for Root and Shoot Morpho-physiological Traits Contributing to Seedling Drought Stress Tolerance in Parental Lines of Pearl Millet
Authors: Govardhani A. , Pushpavalli SNCVL , Vanisri S. , Nepolean T. , Geetha A.
Published: May 2024

Drought stress severely affects plant growth and development leading to substantial reduction in yield and biomass accumulation. Forty one Pearl millet parental lines were subjected to seedling drought stress and morpho–physiological attributes along with individual drought stress response indices were recorded. Significant genetic variability existed for all the traits and genotype ICMX 1410698-SB-11-1-1-2(B) ranked first based on combined drought stress response index. Principal component analysis indicated that first two PCs explained 86.4% of variation under drought conditions. GCV ranged from 13.84 to 23.47% under drought indicating genetic basis for variability. D2 statistics grouped the genotypes into seven clusters. The maximum inter-cluster distance was reported between the clusters III and VII while clusters III & I ranked second under drought stress. These are potential drought tolerant parental lines for hybrid breeding. Root/Shoot ratio has been the major contributor for genetic divergence under both control and drought stress.
Morphological Characterization of Native Isolates of Hypocreale Fungi Metarhizium rileyi (Farl.) Samson from Maize Fall Armyworm
Authors: Mamatha M . , Hosamani Arunkumar , Prashanth G , Bhuvaneshwari  , Hanchinal S G . , Ghante Vijaykumar N. , Aswathanarayana D S .
Published: May 2024

The Present studies indicates the collection of entomopathogenic fungi from the roving survey in Northeastern region of Karnataka, India to know the diversity of M. rileyi distribution and also its growth pattern. Different morphological parameters used for describing the growth pattern which indicates diversity and uniqueness of M. rileyi i.e., colony colour which was white during initial stage and then during sporulating stage the colour changed into malachite green colour. The conidiophores were in compact patches. Conidia were aseptate, hyaline, round or ovoid in shape and elongate by forming chains. Conidiophores were short, which bears round to ovoid aseptate conidia in different isolates.
The conidia size on its ratio found that, the highest size ratio was recorded in UASRBC Mr-20 2.19 then remaining isolates which has shown less than 2.0. The radial growth found only in Mr-20 and Mr-22nd Isolates, colony diameter ranged from 0.3 to 2.23 cm, concentric rings of colonies found in all the isolates except Mr-19 and Mr-20th isolates. The colony surface layer was white cottony growth to pale yellow color was found in all the isolates, the colony pigmentation in most of the isolates was light brown colored pigmentation. The growth appearance was irregular patchy growth was observed in most of the isolates. Among six different isolates the highest width was recorded in isolate UASRBC Mr-20 (6.46) followed by UASRBC Mr-22 (5.73) which was significantly superior than remaining isolates. The highest colony diameter was recorded in UASRBC Mr-18 (19 mm).
The Influence of Container and Frigo Planting Material on the Vegetative Growth and Fertility of the Variety Clery
Authors: Salkić Besim , Salihović Emina , Omerčević Meldina
Published: May 2024

The quality of planting material plays a decisive role in the profitability of strawberry production. Of all categories of seedlings in commercial strawberry plantations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, frigo seedlings predominate. The goal of the research is to obtain relevant data on the reaction to external environmental conditions, vegetative growth, and reproductive potential of both types of seedlings by comparing frigo and container planting material. By researching the vegetative and generative growth of strawberries of the Clery variety with two different types of seedlings, it was concluded that green container seedlings are vegetatively more developed compared to frigo seedlings. The container seedlings produced a higher number of buds by 14.2% and leaf mass by 17.5% and entered the resting phase more readily. The percentage of unrooted container seedlings after planting is only 1.1% compared to frigo seedlings, where this percentage is 11.3%, due to the fact that container seedlings have less stress after transplanting, which is the result of the substrate around the roots of the seedling. On the other hand, green container seedlings form a higher percentage of stolons, which additionally burdens the work engagement when removing them in intensive strawberry production. Finally, the container seedlings had a higher and better yield, which amounted to an average of 10.34 grams per fruit, while the average fruit weight of the frigo seedlings was 9.84 grams. In the end, this difference in weight gave 80.29 grams more yield per plant in favor of container seedlings.
Microbiological Assessment of Commercial Antibiotic Discs from selected Pharmacies in Bwari Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Magrapedo Moses Daniel , Ozoude Theresa Obiageli
Published: May 2024

Aims: To assess the potency of two brands of locally prepared antibiotics against two bacterial species.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Veritas University, Abuja, Nigeria, between September 2021 and February 2022.
Methodology: We purchased two brands of antibiotics and obtained our test isolates from General hospital in Bwari, Abuja. The test isolates were characterized both routinely and molecularly by Sanqer sequencing method to confirm the species. Agar diffusion method was employed to assess the effectiveness of the antibiotics on the test isolates. Finally, the results were compared with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). 
Results: The isolates obtained from the Bwari Genera l Hospital were characterized routinely and molecularly to identify the species. Disc - agar diffusion modified method was employed while the potencies of the discs were compared with approved standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The two brands which are locally made and available in multidisc panels, demonstrated performances against Staphylococcus sciuri and Proteus mirabilis but showed significant variations in concentrations and in their inhibitory zone diameters. Both brands containing Tarivid (10 µg) produced only a small zone against Proteus mirabilis, while Streptomycin (30 µg) and Gentamycin (10 µg) exhibited unreadable zones against Staphylococcus sciuri. Unreadable zones of inhibition, which implies large zones that merged together and exceeded plate diameters at the time of reading; were common with both brands and can lead to mis-information, increase in the susceptibility of resistant organisms and eventually, drug abuse.
Conclusion: The result of this assessment shows, that there is gross variation in these commercially available but locally prepared antibiotic discs. The disparity in the types of antimicrobial agents and their concentrations will pose a delicate problem to clinical microbiologists and subsequently in the diagnosis, administration of antibiotics and the likelihood of drug resistance.
SVEIRS Mathematical Model on Stability Analysis of HIV-1 Coronavirus CO-Infection
Authors: Pela Cherono , Wesley Kirui , Daniel Adicka
Published: May 2024

Mathematical modeling has enabled epidemiologist to understand best the dynamics of infectious diseases, their impact and future predictions on their transmission and existence. Deterministic Susceptible–Vaccinated–Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SVEIR) model on HIV-1 Coronavirus co-infection was formulated based on piecewise linear dynamical systems with constant delay. Delay here accounts for the time lapse between exposure and when the symptoms of the disease appear. Basic reproduction number R0 is the threshold parameter on which the growth or reduction of the disease is based and calculated using Next Generation Matrix approach. Disease Free Equilibrium is attained when reproduction number is less or equals to one. The Disease Free Equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable whenever the reproductive number is less or equal to one and unstable otherwise and it is showed using Lyapunov function. Numerical simulation is performed using Matrix Laboratory (MatLab) dde23 solver to authenticate the analytic results. Graphical representation is then done so as to highlight on future disease dynamics and interventions. Time-delay, vaccination and chemotherapy plays a major role in stabilizing disease free equilibrium.
Combining Ability Analysis of Yield and Quality Traits in Pumpkin [Cucurbita moschataduch. Ex Poir]
Authors: Harshini M. , Shanthi A. , Manikandan M.
Published: May 2024

The present analysis was carried out with aims to estimate the general and specific combining ability of pumpkin involving six parents namely, Arka Chandan (P1), Ambili (P2), Arka Suryamukhi(P3), Pusa Vishwas (P4), CO 2 (P5) and CO 1 (P6) and 30 F1 hybrids obtained through full diallel analysis in randomized block design with three replication. The observation were recorded for eighteen traits viz., vine length, node number at which first male flower anthesis, node number at which first female flower anthesis, number of primary branches vine-1, days to first male flower anthesis, days to first female flower anthesis, number of male flowers vine-1, number of female flowers vine-1, sex ratio, number of fruits vine-1, fruit weight, polar diameter of fruit, equatorial diameter of fruit, flesh thickness, 100 seed weight, carotene content, total soluble solids and yield vine-1.. The analysis of variance for combining ability among various traits in pumpkin revealed that there were significant differences for all the traits. Among the parents, Ambili was the best general combiner for number of fruits vine-1, yield vine-1 and yield contributing traits. The highest desirable SCA were obtained from a cross of Ambili x Arka Suryamukhi for yield and attributing traits, which was the best and promising hybrid.
Survey and Characterization of Ground Water Quality and its Effect on Soil Properties in Malpura Block of Tonk District Rajasthan, India
Authors: Choudhary Rameshwar , Naga Indar Raj , Latare A.M. , Goyal Mayank , Choudhary Dilip
Published: May 2024

In Malpura block of Tonk district, a survey was conducted to evaluate the quality of the groundwater and determine how it affected the soil qualities. Using a handheld GPS, 60 groundwater samples and 60 soil samples overall were taken at six sites include Lawa(V1), Borkhandi(V2), Kadila(V3), Jankipura(V4), Diggi(V5) and Nukkad(V6) in the Malpura block of the Tonk district. The pH, EC, SAR and RSC of ground water ranged from 6.95-8.40, 2.18-3.15(dsm-1), 2.73-10.45 (m mol/L), 1.64-22.3 (meq/L), respectively. The anion contents followed the pattern Cl>SO42> HCO3>NO3>CO32 whereas the cations were found to be in the following order: Na+> Mg2+> Ca2+> K+. The village of Lawa had the lowest saturation rate (22.84%) and Diggi had the highest saturation percentage (38.34%). The correlation coefficient revealed that electrical conductivity (EC) of soil saturation extract was significantly and positively correlated with EC (0.625), Cl- (0.200) and Na+ (0.242) of Groundwater used for irrigation.
CyberFusion Protocols: Strategic Integration of Enterprise Risk Management, ISO 27001, and Mobile Forensics for Advanced Digital Security in the Modern Business Ecosystem
Authors: Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji , Omogoroye Olajide Oyebola , Olaniyi Folashade Gloria , Alao Adegbenga Ismaila , Oladoyinbo Tunbosun Oyewale
Published: May 2024

This research paper explores the integration of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), the ISO 27001 standard, and mobile forensics methodologies as a comprehensive framework for enhancing digital security measures within modern business ecosystems. Employing a quantitative research design, this paper utilized a survey methodology, gathering data from 372 professionals across various sectors including risk management, IT/security, and forensic analysis. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the research hypotheses and assess the impact of the integrated approach on organizational digital security capabilities. The findings reveal a significant positive effect of integrating ERM, ISO 27001, and mobile forensics on an organization’s ability to manage digital risks effectively. Specifically, the integrated approach was found to enhance strategic digital security management, improve the identification, assessment, and mitigation of digital risks, strengthen information security management practices, and elevate the effectiveness and efficiency of digital crime investigation processes. These outcomes underscore the value of a cohesive strategy that leverages the strengths of ERM, ISO 27001, and mobile forensics in addressing the complex and interconnected digital threat landscape. Based on the results, the study recommends adopting a holistic security framework, investing in continuous professional development, leveraging technological advancements for proactive security management, and fostering a culture of security and collaboration. Such measures are crucial for organizations aiming to enhance their resilience against cyber threats and protect their digital assets in the face of sophisticated cyber-attacks. This research contributes to the field of cybersecurity by providing empirical evidence on the benefits of an integrated approach to digital security, offering practical guidelines for organizations seeking to improve their digital security measures, and highlighting the need for continuous adaptation and collaboration in the fight against cyber threats.
Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Water Quality for Surface and Groundwater at Bonny Island, Nigeria
Authors: Okoli Ejike , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Ugwoha Ejikeme
Published: May 2024

The aim of the study was to assess the spatial distribution of water quality for surface and ground water at Bonny Island in Rivers State, Nigeria. Surface and Groundwater samples were collected from 9 sampling locations and analyzed for physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and petroleum hydrocarbons. The contaminants in the surface and groundwater were measured using a variety of methods. Heavy metals in the water were measured using gas chromatography, PAHs were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (ASS) while THC were measured using HACH DR/890 colorimeter. The water quality index (WQI) was calculated using the Weighted Arithmetic Index Method while Principal Component Analysis was used to understand the distribution of the physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and petroleum hydrocarbons. The results showed that the WQI for both surface and groundwater samples ranged from 55.22 – 125.39, indicating poor to unfit water quality for consumption. In contrast, a control location away from the industrial activities had good water quality with WQI between 35.19 and 45.77. Principal component analysis revealed that the surface water in the industrial area were contaminated with lead, Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon which indicate oil and gas activities. High chloride, nitrate and sulphate levels were also observed in surface water close to the NLNG plant. Limiting further contamination of the surface and groundwater can be achieved by constant effluent and plume stack monitoring by regulatory agencies. Industrial stakeholder should set up subsidized clinics to provide treatment for any gastrointestinal illnesses or renal damage suffered by residents.
Bio-fabrication and Characterization of Green Synthesized Nanoparticles from Commercial Honey
Authors: Alburae Najla Ali
Published: May 2024

Green approaches to nanoparticle synthesis offer sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, avoiding hazardous chemicals typical in traditional methods. This study characterizes nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized from silver nitrate (AgNO3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) using commercial honey as a reducing and capping agent. Characterization revealed significant disparities between silver NPs (AgNPs) and iron NPs (FeNPs). AgNPs had a larger particle size (Z-average: 3115.67 nm) compared to FeNPs (Z-average: 1813 nm). AgNPs showed a monodisperse population, while FeNPs had a slightly broader size distribution. Additionally, AgNPs had a higher particle concentration (mean count rate: 505.17 kcps) than FeNPs (mean count rate: 296.65 kcps). Both AgNPs and FeNPs displayed negative surface charges, at -6.499 mV and -1.652 mV, respectively, where FeNPs exhibit a slightly higher value. Elemental composition analysis by scanning electron microscope – energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) revealed that AgNPs are primarily composed of silver, carbon, and oxygen, whereas FeNPs consisted mainly of iron, oxygen, and carbon. These findings provide insights into the physical and chemical properties of AgNPs and FeNPs synthesized using commercial honey. Understanding these properties is essential for optimizing synthesis processes and exploring applications in medicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. The eco-friendly synthesis approach using honey underscores the potential for sustainable nanomaterial production. Further research can explore specific applications and benefits of AgNPs and FeNPs synthesized through this green method, offering an efficient and economical alternative for nanoparticle synthesis.
Effect of Foxtail Millet Cultivars on Yield and Yield Attributes under Different Sowing Windows
Authors: Pannase Sanyukta , Bagade S. V. , Sonawane D. A. , Sondawale Pranay A
Published: May 2024

The investigation conducted at the Agronomy Farm, College of Agriculture, Pune, during the Kharif season of 2022 focused on the "Effect of foxtail millet cultivars on yield and yield attributes under different sowing windows." The study employed a split-plot design with sixteen treatments and three replications, involving four sowing dates (26 MW, 28 MW, 30 MW, and 32 MW) and four foxtail millet varieties (SiA 3156, SiA 3085, Suryanandi, and Renadu). The soil, a clay loam with slightly alkaline pH, low nitrogen, medium phosphorus, and high potassium levels, received RDF 60:30:30 N: P2O5: K2O kg ha-1 at sowing. The investigation monitored various growth parameters, including plant height, number of tillers, number of functional leaves, and dry matter accumulation, at different growth stages. The study revealed that early sowing at 26 MW significantly influenced plant height, number of tillers, and dry matter production, favoring greater vegetative growth. The Renadu variety consistently exhibited superior performance in plant height, tiller count, and dry matter accumulation compared to other varieties. Days to 50% flowering and maturity were significantly affected by both sowing dates and varieties, with early-sown crops taking more days to reach these stages. Grain yield, straw yield, and harvest index were influenced by sowing dates and varieties, with the combination of the Renadu variety and 26 MW sowing exhibiting the highest grain yield and straw yield. Renadu also displayed a superior harvest index, emphasizing its suitability for optimal growth and yield. The study recommends sowing foxtail millet on 26 MW or 28 MW, particularly with the Renadu variety, for achieving maximum growth and yield during the Kharif season. The findings highlight the significance of considering both sowing windows and foxtail millet varieties to optimize production in the given agro-climatic conditions of Pune, Maharashtra.
Exploring the Role of Active Photosynthetic Pigments in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Crop Growth Process
Authors: Djibrilla Alio Sanda M. , Abdourahimou Koraou N. , Issa Samna Mainassara , Adamou Hassane , Abdoulkadri Ayouba M. , Illyassou Karimoun M. , Abdoulkader Atto H. , Aissetou Drame Yaye , Rabani Adamou
Published: May 2024

Photosynthesis is a necessary process for plants during which light energy is absorbed via pigments present in leaves for essential processes and needs of the particular plant. This work identified and studied the active photosynthetic pigments in tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum) at each growth stage and grown in an open field under Sahelian conditions. Phytochemical screening, UV-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thin layer chromatography analyses were done on tomatoes leaves samples. The results, first, revealed the presence of phytoconstituents such as triterpenoids and carotenoids. Then, UV spectra combined with FTIR and thin layer chromatography showed that chlorophylls (a and b), xanthophyll (lutein) and carotene (mostly β) are being synthesized at different proportions during all growth stages. Besides, the photosynthetic pigments showed more activity during the flowering stage than at the other growth stages. The various action spectra showed intense absorption within the intervals 400 – 510 nm and 560 – 710 nm which seem to be vital radiation ranges for photosynthesis.  Knowing these optimum plant’s needs can help in a choice of better outdoor and indoor cultivation conditions that can ensure necessary radiations for optimum plant growth.
Engineering Disorder in Superdiffusive Lévy Glasses
Authors: Bertolotti Jacopo , Vynck Kevin , Pattelli Lorenzo , Barthelemy Pierre , Lepri Stefano , Wiersma Diederik S.
Published: February 2010

Disorder is known to have a substantial impact on light transport in optical materials. In particular, when properly tuned, disorder can unveil optical properties that common, periodically patterned materials do not possess. In this paper, a method to realize disordered dielectric materials dubbed Lévy glasses, in which light transport is superdiffusive, is presented. The degree of superdiffusion is set by engineering the spatial inhomogeneity of the scatterer density in the material. A model that relates the microscopic parameters to the macroscopic transport properties of Lévy glasses is given and the signature of superdiffusion on the transmission profile in a slab configuration is shown experimentally.
Gold‐Nanocluster‐Based Fluorescent Sensors for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Cyanide in Water
Authors: Liu Yanlan , Ai Kelong , Cheng Xiaoli , Huo Lihua , Lu Lehui
Published: February 2010

A novel, gold‐nanocluster‐based fluorescent sensor for cyanide in aqueous solution, which is based on the cyanide etching‐induced fluorescence quenching of gold nanoclusters, is reported. In addition to offering high selectivity due to the unique Elsner reaction between cyanide and the gold atoms of gold nanoclusters, this facile, environmentally friendly and cost‐effective method provides high sensitivity. With this sensor, the lowest concentration to quantify cyanide ions could be down to 200 × 10−9 M, which is approximately 14 times lower than the maximum level (2.7 × 10−6 M) of cyanide in drinking water permitted by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, several real water samples spiked with cyanide, including local groundwater, tap water, pond water, and lake water, are analyzed using the sensing system, and experimental results show that this fluorescent sensor exhibits excellent recoveries (over 93%). This gold‐nanocluster‐based fluorescent sensor could find applications in highly sensitive and selective detection of cyanide in food, soil, water, and biological samples.
Synthetic Methodologies for Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Liu Zhaoping , Zhou Xufeng , Qian Yitai
Published: February 2010

Carbon nanomaterials have advanced rapidly over the last two decades and are among the most promising materials that have already changed and will keep on changing human life. Development of synthetic methodologies for these materials, therefore, has been one of the most important subjects of carbon nanoscience and nanotechnology, and forms the basis for investigating the physicochemical properties and applications of carbon nanomaterials. In this Research News article, several synthetic strategies, including solvothermal reduction, solvothermal pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, and soft‐chemical exfoliation are specifically discussed and highlighted, which have been developed for the synthesis of novel carbon nanomaterials over the last decade.
New Vanadium Oxide Nanostructures: Controlled Synthesis and Their Smart Electrical Switching Properties
Authors: Wu Changzheng , Wei He , Ning Bo , Xie Yi
Published: February 2010

Control over the different polymorphs of vanadium oxide that possess electrical switching properties is advancing rapidly as a result of the need to address energy‐efficiency issues; an example of which is the intelligent regulation of infrared light demonstrated by these polymorphs. Recent advances in the development of new vanadium oxide structures as well as their promising electrical switching properties are summarized here. Theoretical analysis and experimental results suggest that the presence of infinite vanadium ion chains in the crystal structure plays a decisive role in determining the electrical properties of vanadium oxides. The successful synthesis of new vanadium oxide materials and their nanostructures not only promotes a mechanistic understanding of the temperature‐driven electrical switching properties but also provides the right materials for constructing smart devices that can selectively filter out infrared light.
Simulation of particle migration in free‐surface flows
Authors: Min Kyung Hoon , Kim Chongyoup
Published: February 2010

The migration of particles in free surface flows using the diffusive flux model was investigated. As the free‐surface flows, a planar jet flow and a slot coating flow were chosen. The suspension was assumed to be a Newtonian fluid with a particle concentration dependent viscosity. The governing equations were solved numerically by the finite volume method, and the free‐surface problem was handled by the volume of the fraction model. The result shows that even though the velocity profile is fully developed and becomes flat, the particle distribution never reaches the uniform distribution for both of the cases. It is also shown that the die swell of the free jet is reduced compared to the Newtonian fluid and when the particle loading is 0.5, die contraction is observed. The change in die swell characteristics is purely due to particle migration since the suspension model does not show normal stress differences. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Intellectual disability, midface hypoplasia, facial hypotonia, and alport syndrome are associated with a deletion in Xq22.3
Authors: Rodriguez Jayson D. , Bhat Shambhu S. , Meloni Ilaria , Ladd Sydney , Leslie Nancy D. , Doyne Emanuel O. , Renieri Alessandra , DuPont Barbara R. , Stevenson Roger E. , Schwartz Charles E. , Srivastava Anand K.
Published: February 2010

Alport syndrome with intellectual disability (ID) is a contiguous gene deletion syndrome involving several genes on Xq22.3 including COL4A5 and ACSL4. We report on a family with two males with this disorder and a Xq22.3 deletion. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and genomic analyses mapped the deletion region to between exon 1 of COL4A5 and exon 12 of ACSL4. The patients' mother has microscopic hematuria and was found to be heterozygous for the Xq22.3 deletion. Analysis using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of lymphoblastoid cell line RNA from an affected male in the family revealed a stable chimeric transcript with the ACSL4 exons 13–17 replaced by a cryptic exon from intron 1 of the COL4A5 gene. A truncated 54 kDa protein was predicted from this transcript but Western blot analysis and ACSL4 enzyme assay both showed functional nullisomy of ACSL4. We also compared the clinical features of the family with three previously reported families with the ACSL4 gene deletion and found that ID with absent or severely delayed speech, midface hypoplasia, and facial hypotonia are consistent features observed in the absence of ACSL4 gene. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VACTERL association in a cat
Authors: Moura Enio , Cirio Silvana M. , Villanova José A.
Published: February 2010

We describe a female domestic cat with apparent VATER/VACTERL association, including vertebral abnormalities, anal atresia, radial agenesis, and cardiovascular and renal defects. If we consider the acronym VATER, this cat had a triad (VAR); however, if we consider the extended acronym VACTERL, she had a pentad (VACRL). © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of germline mutations in the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway on adaptive behavior: Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome and Noonan syndrome
Authors: Pierpont Elizabeth I. , Pierpont Mary Ella , Mendelsohn Nancy J. , Roberts Amy E. , Tworog‐Dube Erica , Rauen Katherine A. , Seidenberg Mark S.
Published: February 2010

Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are two phenotypically overlapping genetic disorders whose underlying molecular etiologies affect a common signaling pathway. Mutations in the BRAF, MEK1, and MEK2 genes cause most cases of CFC and mutations in PTPN11, SOS1, KRAS, and RAF1 typically cause NS. Although both syndromes are associated with developmental delays of varying severity, the extent to which the behavioral profiles differ may shed light on the different roles these respective genes play in development of skills necessary for everyday functioning. In this study, profiles of adaptive behavior of individuals with CFC and NS who had confirmed pathogenic mutations in Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway genes were investigated. Patterns of strengths and weaknesses, age‐related differences, and risk factors for difficulties in adaptive skills were assessed. Although genes acting more downstream in the Ras/MAPK pathway were associated with more difficulties in adaptive functioning than genes more upstream in the pathway, several inconsistencies highlight the wide spectrum of possible developmental courses in CFC and NS. Along with clinical and genetic factors, variables such as chronological age, gestational age at birth, and parental education levels accounted for significant variance in adaptive skills. Results indicate that there is wide heterogeneity in adaptive functioning in CFC and NS, but that these abilities are correlated to some extent with the specific disease‐causing genes. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.