bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Računalniška emulacija kot strategija digitalnega ohranjanja računalniških sistemov in programske opreme
Authors: Mihelič Jurij , Ferle Mojca
Published: December 2021

Z razvojem in vzponom področij kot so elektrotehnika, računalništvo ter informatika je vzniklo tudi področje digitalnega ohranjanja, ki se ukvarja z ohranjanjem digitalnih artefaktov. Zaradi interdisciplinarnosti področja in širokega nabora pristopov, katerih sistematičen pregled podamo v prvem delu članka, se v osrednjem delu članka osredotočimo predvsem na računalniško emulacijo, ki skupaj z muzejskim pristopom nudi enovit pristop k digitalnemu ohranjanju. Glavni namen članka je opisati metode, pristope, tehnike in izkušnje, ki smo jih pridobili z digitalnim ohranjanjem slovenske računalniške zapuščine in izvedbe emulatorjev dveh starodobnih računalnikov. Poleg emulacije procesorja in naprav so za digitalno ohranjanje računalniških sistemov pomembni tudi drugi vidiki ohranjanja, kot sta emulacija okolja in integracija z gostiteljem. V članku podamo sistematičen pregled ohranitvenih vidikov emulacije skupaj s sistemskimi tehnikami za njihovo izvedbo.
Image-to-Image Translation as a Pretext for Unsupervised Detection of Cancerous Regions in Histology Imagery
Authors: Štepec Dejan , Skočaj Danijel
Published: December 2021

Detection of visual anomalies refers to the problem of finding patterns in different imaging data that do not conform to the expected visual appearance, and is a widely studied problem in different domains. Due to the nature of anomaly occurrences and underlying generating processes, it is hard to characterize them and obtain labelled data. Obtaining labelled data is especially difficult in biomedical applications, where only trained domain experts can provide labels, which are often diverse and complex to a large degree. The recently presented approaches for unsupervised detection of visual anomalies omit the need for labelled data and demonstrate promising results in domains where anomalous samples significantly deviate from the normal appearance. Despite promising results, the performance of such approaches still lags behind supervised approaches and does not provide a universal solution. In this work, we present an image-to-image translation-based framework that significantly surpasses the performance of existing unsupervised methods and approaches the performance of supervised methods in a challenging domain of cancerous region detection in histology imagery.
Detekcija manipulacij za ohranjanje zasebnosti mehkih atributov na slikah obraza
Authors: Rot Peter , Peer Peter , Štruc Vitomir
Published: December 2021

V strokovni literaturi se vse pogosteje pojavljajo potrebe po metodah za zagotavljanje zasebnosti v slikovnih podatkih. Na področju analize obrazov so raziskovalci predlagali metode, ki preslikajo sliko obraza tako, da je samodejno luščenje mehkih biometričnih lastnosti oteženo, obenem pa je vizualni videz slike podoben izvirni sliki. V tem članku predlagamo nov detekcijski postopek, ki zaznava, ali je bila slika spremenjena s tovrstnimi metodami. Postopek temelji na dejstvu, da razvrščevalnik mehkih biometričnih lastnosti tipično vrne različen rezultat za zaščiteno sliko in za sliko, ki je obdelana s postopkom za obnavljanje slike. Z eksperimenti pokažemo, da lahko to razliko uporabimo za detekcijo sprememb na sliki, ki so posledica uporabe metod za zaščito zasebnosti. Prednost naše metode je, da ne potrebuje znanja o uporabljeni metodi za zaščito zasebnosti. Detektor ovrednotimo na štirih metodah za ohranjanje zasebnosti mehkih atributov in na treh raznovrstnih zbirkah slik obrazov. Rezultati kažejo, da ima predlagan postopek vrsto prednosti pred konkurenčnimi rešitvami in da z visoko natančnostjo detektira manipulirane slike.
Hibridna difuzijska metoda za globalno osvetlitev volumetričnih podatkov
Authors: Šmajdek Uroš , Lesar Žiga , Bohak Ciril , Marolt Matija
Published: December 2021

V članku predstavljamo hibridno difuzijsko metodo za interaktivno osvetljevanje in upodabljanje volumetričnih podatkov. Metoda temelji na konvekcijsko-difuzijskem modelu, ki neposredno osvetlitev opisuje s konvekci- jskim, sipanje pa z difuzijskim procesom. V naši metodi smo konvekcijo nadomestili s sledenjem poti. Metodo smo performančno in kvalitativno ovrednotili in primerjali s konvekcijsko-difuzijsko metodo, sledenjem poti z enkratnim sipanjem in s sledenjem poti z večkratnim sipanjem. Rezultati kažejo na primerljivo kvaliteto končnih slik, pridobljenih s hibridno metodo, glede na konvekcijsko-difuzijsko metodo, poleg tega pa naš pristop prinaša mnoge prednosti, predvsem nepristranskost, neodvisnost od števila luči in zmanjšano porabo pomnilnika.
Ионизирующие излучения / А. П. Черняев – 4-е изд.— М.: "КДУ", "Университетская книга", 2021.
Authors: Черняев А.П.
Published: December 2021

Настоящая книга носит характер и монографии и учебного пособия для студентов по физике взаимодействия ионизирующего излучения с веществом. Она подготовлена на основе лекций, читавшихся автором на кафедре физики ускорителей и радиационной медицины физического факультета МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова в период с 1996 по 2012 год. Курс предназначен для студентов, обучающихся по специальностям ядерная физика, физика и техника ускорителей, медицинская физика. Книга полезна студентам, аспирантам, докторантам и специалистам, использующим ионизирующие излучения в радиобиологии и медицине, радиохимии, промышленности и других областях.
Knowledge based human resource management and employee creativity: the dual mediation of knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding
Authors: Lugar Caleb , Novićević Rajko
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Employee creativity is an essential element that is required for the dynamic work environments. Companies able to foster employee creativity through knowledge based human resource management practices enhance their competitive advantage over companies who stifle employee creativity. The conceptual model in this paper aims to demonstrate that knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding mediate the relationship between knowledge based human resource management practices and employee creativity. The implementation of knowledge based human resource management practices can lead to increased knowledge sharing and decreased knowledge hiding both of which will result in increased employee creativity.
Aim and tasks. The aim of this paper is to build on social exchange theory as the foundational theory for understanding how knowledge based human resource management practices impact employee creativity through the mediators of knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding. 
Results. In previous research have studied the relationship between knowledge behaviors and employee creativity while accounting for motivational climate, transformational leadership, goal orientation, and various human resource management practices. Many of these factors have traditionally been exogenous variables to the individual employees working in organizations.  While social exchange theory implies a dyadic exchange, it would be relevant to examine the endogenous variants within employees that might contribute to differential reactions to reciprocation.  It is substantiated that individuals that have different exchange ideologies react differently to organizational support. The first section includes a literature review of the constructs - knowledge based human resource management, knowledge sharing, knowledge hiding, and employee creativity.  The second section provides a model focusing on the impact social exchange theory has on the constructs, including theory-based propositions.  In reviewing this model, the paper makes theoretical contributions to the constructs and social exchange theory.  The final section provides direction for future research and discussion. 
Conclusions. Creativity is the fuel for the 21st century’s competitive organizations.  Researchers and practitioners alike rely on creativity to solve problems and improve products and services around the globe.  It is important to deeply understand the antecedents necessary for creativity so that organizations employ systems and process that are conducive for creative production.  From the theoretical foundations laid out in this paper, knowledge based human resource management practices will increase employee creativity through increased knowledge sharing and decreased knowledge hiding.
Organizational management with the crisis of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mušinović Fadil
Published: December 2021

Introduction. During the Covid-19 pandemic, a crisis unmatched that will have significant negative consequences and encompass the social, economic and environmental environment and its consequences affect organizations in both the private and public sectors. The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the population and their lives, and therefore on their organizational effectiveness in overcoming the crisis. The crisis has caused a number of uncertainties and confusion related to workers' risks and the adoption of measures to overcome them. In the face of uncertainty, it is even more difficult to manage organizations that do not have properly developed, recognizable and competent crisis management and communication.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study was to highlight the pandemic-induced problems and to contribute to the adoption of measures related to the functioning of the organizations. Additionally, the aim was also to establish the connection between the introduction of new forms of work and the shortage of the staff. Main goal of this research was to analyse functioning of the crisis management in selected organizations during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Results. The results of the study conducted via an online questionnaire showed that crisis management and communication are adequately adopted in the organizations in question, but shortcomings were nevertheless disclosed. They are a consequence of the specificity of the crisis and the lack of knowledge of how to operate under such conditions. Participants of the survey estimated that the pandemic raised thus far investigated issues and that crisis management and communication in the organization was better trained to operate and take crisis measures in cases other than the epidemic.
Conclusions. The article proposes an analysis of the entire operation of management during the pandemic, a review of all organizational acts in the field of crisis management, their modernization, and additional training and education in crisis management by exchanging practices of other organizations. However, the state, as the holder of measures during the pandemic, must adopt appropriate legal acts, which will be the base for organizations in the economy and the public sector to take appropriate measures. Organizational management during the pandemic must be flexible, innovative and focused on a healthy work environment.
DRESSES, FABRIC AND SPECIAL ITEMS AND VALUES OF THE OTTOMAN PADIŞAH AND BÜROKRATS (1670-1672)
Authors: ATİK Kayhan
Published: December 2021

The need for cover is a requirement in all parts of the world. More or less this need has been realized in almost every society. In addition, clothing is one of the basic needs of human beings. This basic need has become a pleasure over time, and the temporary innovation that has entered the life of society with the desire to dress completely or the need for change has turned into an excessive, common indulgence shown by the society for a certain period of time. When we evaluate clothing in terms of nations, it has gained very different meanings with the effect of the cultural structure of the society. Considering this situation in the context of civilizations, of course, we can say that it has presented a similar privilege. In short, every society has made its dress code suitable for its culture and civilization. As in the rest of the world, the robes, dresses, turbans and fabrics of the Ottoman sultans showed themselves clearly as an indicator of the position, wealth and status. Especially caftans, fabrics and patterns, each one is a masterpiece of art. Despite having a simple form according to researches, Ottoman caftans have a very magnificent appearance and beauty. The decorations made for these caftans, lining and moldings, fur ornaments, ornaments made with buttons are very perfect. These caftans have aroused the admiration of the whole world with their fabric, motif and splendor, and many researches have been done on these caftans, which have been exhibited and preserved in various local and foreign museums. The sultan's clothes in the Topkapı Palace Museum Sultan's Clothes Archive consist of approximately 2500 pieces. Most of these are hilat, robes and shalwars. In addition, although it is less, there are also children's (prince's) clothes, so there are no women's clothes. RESEARCH ARTICLE ATLAS Journal International Refereed Journal On Social Sciences e-ISSN:2619-936X Arrival Date : 19.03.2021 Published Date : 30.04.2021 2021, Vol:7, Issue:40 pp: 1740- 1758 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31568/atlas.676 ATLAS INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL ON SOCIAL SCIENCES Year: 2021 Vol:7 Issue: 40 1740 Here, 21 caftans belonging to Fatih Sultan Mehmet, 77 caftans belonging to Suleiman the Magnificent, 13 caftans belonging to I. Ahmet, II. 30 caftans belonging to Osman, IV. While it is known that there were 27 caftans belonging to Murat, the caftans belonging to six rulers before Fatih Sultan Mehmet were not mentioned by name. In this study, the money spent for the clothes of the sultan in the Archives of the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, Topkapı Palace Museum, the cocks and dresses that the sultan had to buy from the council; In dâbü's-sâ, we will focus on the kafân, sarık, other items and values that are deserved by the landlords, the palace-i Atiq aghas, the boys, the Treasury, the cellar, the lords of the Voyage rooms and the people in charge. Keywords: Ottoman, Sultan, Bureaucrat, Clothes, Fabric, Special Items.
DRESSES, FABRIC AND SPECIAL ITEMS AND VALUES OF THE OTTOMAN PADIŞAH AND BÜROKRATS (1670-1672)
Authors: ATİK Kayhan
Published: December 2021

The need for cover is a requirement in all parts of the world. More or less this need has been realized in almost every society. In addition, clothing is one of the basic needs of human beings. This basic need has become a pleasure over time, and the temporary innovation that has entered the life of society with the desire to dress completely or the need for change has turned into an excessive, common indulgence shown by the society for a certain period of time. When we evaluate clothing in terms of nations, it has gained very different meanings with the effect of the cultural structure of the society. Considering this situation in the context of civilizations, of course, we can say that it has presented a similar privilege. In short, every society has made its dress code suitable for its culture and civilization. As in the rest of the world, the robes, dresses, turbans and fabrics of the Ottoman sultans showed themselves clearly as an indicator of the position, wealth and status. Especially caftans, fabrics and patterns, each one is a masterpiece of art. Despite having a simple form according to researches, Ottoman caftans have a very magnificent appearance and beauty. The decorations made for these caftans, lining and moldings, fur ornaments, ornaments made with buttons are very perfect. These caftans have aroused the admiration of the whole world with their fabric, motif and splendor, and many researches have been done on these caftans, which have been exhibited and preserved in various local and foreign museums. The sultan's clothes in the Topkapı Palace Museum Sultan's Clothes Archive consist of approximately 2500 pieces. Most of these are hilat, robes and shalwars. In addition, although it is less, there are also children's (prince's) clothes, so there are no women's clothes. Here, 21 caftans belonging to Fatih Sultan Mehmet, 77 caftans belonging to Suleiman the Magnificent, 13 caftans belonging to I. Ahmet, II. 30 caftans belonging to Osman, IV. While it is known that there were 27 caftans belonging to Murat, the caftans belonging to six rulers before Fatih Sultan Mehmet were not mentioned by name. In this study, the money spent for the clothes of the sultan in the Archives of the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, Topkapı Palace Museum, the cocks and dresses that the sultan had to buy from the council; In dâbü's-sâ, we will focus on the kafân, sarık, other items and values that are deserved by the landlords, the palace-i Atiq aghas, the boys, the Treasury, the cellar, the lords of the Voyage rooms and the people in charge. Keywords: Ottoman, Sultan, Bureaucrat, Clothes, Fabric, Special Items.
Peculiarities of performance of experimental filtering works in sites subsoil operated by single water intakes
Authors: Kozirev V. I. , Beshentsev V. A.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the methods used in the field experimental filtration work, which allow you to gain knowledge about the filtration properties and water abundance of rocks. The features of the experimental filtration work in the subsoil areas operated by single water intakes are shown. It is noted that these are small water bodies, both in terms of the number of water wells and the amount of actual water withdrawal. The article proposes to use short-term single pumpings as a field research method in the above-mentioned areas, according to the results of which it is possible to substantiate the amount of required water withdrawal and determine the calculated values of the water conductivity coefficient. As an example, the results of pumping are considered, obtained during the implementation of experimental filtration work at three single water intakes located within the Latitude Ob region. The results of the experimental filtration work served as the source material for calculating the reserves of fresh groundwater. Fresh groundwater reserves were calculated and approved for each site in the amount of 499 m3/day for category B.
The Unheimliche as Source of the Fantastique. On the Translation of the Concepts of Todorov’s “Étrange” and Freud’s “Inquiétante Étrangeté”
Authors: Mita Jun
Published: December 2021

This study examines the problem of the translation of the concepts of “étrange” in the theory of the fantastic in literature by Tzvetan Todorov (1939–2017) and of Unheimliche by Sigmund Freud (1856–1939). Todorov defines clearly the realm of “fantastique” as an intermediary genre situated between two poles: “merveilleux” (lit. marvellous) and “étranger” (lit. strange, odd). The latter term is translated by the substantive adjective “uncanny” in English and Unheimliche in German. However, Unheimliche is also used by Freud to designate a psychoanalytical notion, and the common English translation is “uncanny”. This comparative analysis reveals that, on the contrary, the Freudian notion of Unheimliche and the Todorovian notion of “fantastique” are equivalent and that they both refer to a temporary nature. This comparison makes it possible to clarify the mechanisms of the fantastic in literature. Todorov indeed does not explain where the “hesitation” in the face of an apparently supernatural event comes from, even though this uncertainty is the pivot of his theory. However, Freud’s considerations lead us to understand that it is because such an event shakes our modern rational convictions, and because the old superstitious beliefs convictions that we should have “overcome” return in the form of the Unheimliche.
Yiddish, Treasure from a Vanished World. The Impossibility to Translate Yiddish Or the Cultural Limits of Translation
Authors: Kaennel Lucie
Published: December 2021

By welcoming the other in his language and thus opening the door to an unknown universe, the translation must take up the challenge of otherness which rests on the capacity, beyond words, to be received in a foreign culture. What happens, in this case, when the culture of the language in question is that of a world that one sought to annihilate in an unspeakable catastrophe? It is in the light of Yiddish that I will deploy the two axes of my reflection on what, beyond translation as a passage from one language and from one culture to another, can ultimately account for the impossibility of rendering the language of the other, of another world. In the case of Yiddish, it is important to consider the mental universe it represents, the Yiddishland and the yiddishkayt. It is to paint the portrait of this now disappeared world, which is not on any world map, that I will apply myself firstly. In a second step, it will be necessary to question the very impossibility of translating Yiddish. With Isaac Bashevis Singer, who “retranslates” his own texts from Yiddish into English, and makes this English translation the matrix of translations into other languages. What happens between the first Yiddish original and the second English original of Singer’s works? Why this need to correct the English versions of his Yiddish texts? These questions raise issues about what Yiddish and the universe it stages represent for Singer: a past world, impossible to render in any other language, the “other world” which has now disappeared? And with Elie Wiesel, whose mother tongue is Yiddish, but who chooses French as the “language of writing”. Wiesel’s “first” work, La nuit, will form the matrix of his novels, built like a fresco in which the works respond to each other, in a Midrashic “infinite reading”. However, at the start of those novels is a story written feverishly and published in Yiddish, … a di velt hot geshvign. This Yiddish text is a cry of revolt and a testimony that the French version will confine to silence, La nuit becoming the very expression of silence. Faced with the impossibility of translating Yiddish, of accounting for the world carried by Yiddish, Wiesel constructs a literary work that will tell a story strewn with clues of this destroyed culture. Could it be, in the last instance, the hidden treasure of Jewish tradition which, precisely out of loyalty to Judaism, cannot be translated? This world which belongs to the Jews and of which they are the only heirs, at the risk of this heritage being lost, for lack of transmission? This questioning could illustrate a reflection on the limits of translation in the light of its cultural and spiritual issues.
Postcolonial and Francophone Moroccan Literature in Translation the Case of the Novel Les Temps Noirs, Abdelhak Serhane
Authors: Zouini Imane-Sara
Published: December 2021

Our contribution is about the translation of postcolonial and francophone Moroccan literature, and especially the case of the novel Les Temps noirs written by Abdelhak Serhane. Being written by an author not belonging to the Hexagon, this literary text reveals a decentering writing practice to which the translator must be very attentive when translating this novel. This is how, first, we sought, using the postcolonial approach, to elucidate the postcolonial writing that underlies this novel, as well as its characteristics and its stake. The aim is to show the role of cultural translation in the author’s writing project in order to include his native languages, especially Arabic and Berber. Then, we presented the strategy for translating this novel into Arabic according to the bermanian approach whose primary objective is to preserve otherness intact. It is, finally, these traces of the Other that we have analyzed and commented on in order to demonstrate, in the end, that the translation of the Other in this novel implies a return to its original language and culture.
Cooperation of Cultural Aspects and Strategies of Translation of Fiction into Turkish Language
Authors: Prushkovska Iryna
Published: December 2021

The proposed study focuses on identifying the processes of cooperation of cultural aspects on the border “West-East” and strategies of literary translation in the Turkish-speaking space. The use of methods of comparative and translational analysis of texts has effectively influenced the identification of vivid examples of the use of Turkish translators’ techniques of domestication and foreignization. The article presents factual material from the works of famous Western artists (W. Shakespeare, Moliere, D. Swift) in comparison with Turkish translations and interpretations, and for the first time presents a detailed analysis of excerpts from P. Zahrebelnyi’s novel “Roksolanа” in comparison with Turkish translation. As a result of the study, the fact of the advantage of domestication over foreignization and its causes was established, namely the desire of the Turks to maximize the preservation of national values and protect them from external influences. Turkish translators resort mainly to such methods of translation as omission, lexical substitution, substitution of realities, abbreviations, paraphrases, thus “domesticating” the foreign context. However, in some cases, when it is not a question of possible “encroachment” on national values, Turkish translators fully adhere to the translation rules and techniques. The originality of the revealed results lies first of all in the fact that there is clear evidence of systematic (from the second half of the XIX – to the beginning of the XXI century) partial resistance of the Turkish nation to cultural globalization in the religious and social spheres. This has been and continues to be the case in the Republic of Turkey through “protective modernization”, which allows it to keep pace with Western trends without fundamental changes in the traditional cultural space.
Against Deforming Tendencies: To Open the Italian Language to Rimbaud’s Poems
Authors: Tajani Ornella
Published: December 2021

In his book La Traduction et la Lettre ou l’auberge du lointain, Antoine Berman states that literary translation must respect the “Strangeness” of the source-text to produce an “ethical translation”. Using the expression of the troubadour poet Jaufré Rudel, the author proposes to consider the translational space as a place of welcome for the strangeness of the source-text; translating the “letter” of the text thus means respecting this strangeness. In order to achieve this goal, Berman outlines thirteen “deforming tendencies”, i.e. tendencies to be avoided because they would destroy the “letter” of the text: the Rationalisation; the Clarification; the Expansion; the Ennoblement and the Vulgarization; the Qualitative impoverishment; the Quantitative impoverishment; the Destruction of rhythms; the Destruction of underlying networks of signification; the Destruction of linguistic patternings; the Destruction of vernacular network or their exoticization; the Destruction of expressions and idioms; the Effacement of the superimposition of languages. In this article, we will focus on the analysis and discussion of three deforming tendencies – the rationalisation, the clarification, and the destruction of linguistic patternings – identified in Ivos Margoni’s Italian translation of Arthur Rimbaud’s poem Roman, and will try to show how this alters the “letter” of the text.
From Translation to Rewriting at Marguerite Yourcenar for a Poetic Palimpsest of Creation
Authors: Abdelouahed Hanae
Published: December 2021

Marguerite Yourcenar is the first woman to sit at the French Academy. His writings are prolific and polymorphous, offering very rich material for analysis. Critics were unanimous that his work is complex; a complexity likely to be justified by the journey of a learned intellectual who has crisscrossed the centuries through the practice of reading, translating and also rewriting. translation is a real passion for him, another way of writing.
Rewriting is the result of the act of translating. In the case of Yourcenar it is recasting, literary exercise and hermeneutics which offers him the opportunity on the one hand, to question his ideas and the ideas of others, on the other hand to self-analyze, to affirm his freedom and to reinvent his life, in short to translate himself. To rewrite is also to re-construct a character, a destiny, a History, it is also to re-construct oneself, to overcome one’s shortcomings, to remake what is wrong and to authenticate one’s emotions. The translation-re-writing bi-polarity is at this stage an aesthetic that allows the writer to complete her Great Work and rediscover the unity of her method. This is the problematic that we will try to deepen through some examples that we consider relevant from the work of Marguerite Yourcenar while relying on studies of modern poetics and comparative literature which are interested in this interaction. between the two instances; works (first writing) to translation (second writing).
Translating to Share: An Enigmatical Compromise between Tradition and Treason
Authors: Giraudo Fabio
Published: December 2021

Translating means transposing a text from a source language to a target language. This practice considers that languages are defined as discrete in a reality dominated by continuity: they apply arbitrary cuts that do not correspond among idioms. Quine defined the principles of translation’s indeterminacy: the perfect translation does not exist; each one starts from hypotheses to draw conclusions. A language is more than a vocabulary or a grammar as well as a translation is more than an interlinguistic exchange: they represent the combination between vocabulary and encyclopaedia. The term translation presents a lexical proximity with tradition but also with treason. We cheat in order to get into the text, adapting the piece and the source language to the reader and the target language. A mechanism, in literature, which not only considers ideas but also creativity. The aim is to create a parallelism between two cultural systems and transpose semantic differences and nuances of meaning. The translator is called upon to give evidence of his/her abilities to promote a fruitful dialogue between two systems. These theories guided me during my first translation into Italian of the novel Chamsa, fille du soleil: a linguistic challenge in the understanding of the original text and then a cultural one rewriting it, bringing the Arab world closer to Italian readers. Translation is therefore an act of betrayal, of textual separation, but also a rally point among communities, safeguarding diversity. Finding the compromise among these variations is the real headache of a good translator.
Marie de Gournay’s Reflections on the Art of Translation (based on the Treatise Letter to Monsignor de Gelas)
Authors: Popovych Mykhailo
Published: December 2021

The paper highlights Marie de Gournayʼs considerations, the author of the Renaissance, on the methods of translation, which she set out in her treatise A Letter to Monsignor de Gelas. It is stated that translation, as an intellectual activity, the main purpose of which is to enrich the national culture and improve the native language, has always been a privileged topic of reflection for this creative woman. Notes on this can be found in several treatises, which she collected in her work Les advis ou Les présens de la demoiselle de Gournay (1641). It is in these texts that she best describes her theory of translation. The concept of “theory” should be understood not from the standpoint of modern interpretation, but in the meaning of the original Greek word “theory”, i.e. a coherent presentation of explanations, concepts, ideas, proposals, laws and hypotheses. Thus, it is a question of foregrounding this “theory” in the context of an in-depth analysis of the authorʼs letter to Monsignor de Gelas. The author claims that Marie de Gournауʼs views deserve attention in contemporary discussions on translation and that her ideas about the art of translation still remain constructive and relevant, despite being put forward nearly five centuries ago.
Betraying the Myth: Comparative Analysis of Russian and Ukrainian Translations of the Plays by Maurice Maeterlinck
Authors: Chystiak Dmytro
Published: December 2021

The history of Ukrainian and Russian translations of the playwright by Maurice Maeterlinck is full of well-known names like Lesya Ukrainka, Natalia Kobrynska, Valeriy Briussov and Nikolay Minskiy. Nevertheless some aspects of translations show several problems in misunderstanding of the realities of the French text. Our purpose was to make the comparative analysis of the Russian and Ukrainian translations of Ariane et Barbe-Bleue, a key text of the Maeterlinck’s theatre. The linguo-poetic and linguo-aesthetic analysis were used. The study have shown that the Slavonic translators have omitted the onomastic sign Ariadne revealed in the letters of the author to his German translator Friedrich von Oppeln-Bronikowski where the mythic sign is clearly presented in order to make a transvalorization of the mythological intertext. The original results of our study was used for our new translation of the play Ariane et Barbe-Bleue for the Ukrainian readers published in 2007 then our analysis was developed in the doctorate thesis dedicated to the mythological intertext in the first theatre by Maurice Maeterlinck and in the chapter of our thesis of doctor of science devoted to the study of Greek mythology in the poetry of the Belgian Nobel Prize winner.
The Proper and Foreing: The Problem of French Children’s Literature Translation into Ukrainian
Authors: Yakubovska Nataliia , Kutasevych Halyna , Balakhtar Kateryna
Published: December 2021

The translation of children’s literature has certain specificities because it must be subject to several constraints: taking into account the double recipient in children’s literature (child and adult), the educational purpose, the diastratic variation, etc. Wonderful Neighbors (2016) by Hélène Lasserre is a children’s book about difference, tolerance and living together. The gap between French and Ukrainian cultures leads to problems with the perception of socio-cultural realia by readers of the target language who sometimes misunderstand or even reject them. In this intervention, we analyze the perception of the album by the readership of the source and target culture based on the comments of the readers which will allow understanding the editorial strategies and the choices of translation procedures made by the translators. In particular, we study the text-image relationships and the influence of extralinguistic factors on the lexical level. In a second step, it is necessary to analyze the role of the educational purpose which may provide for certain censorship of children’s text to which the translator must obey in order to meet the demands of a publisher and his/her readership.
Mediation of an Advertising Document with the Aim of Sensitize to the Other
Authors: Rusnak Diana , Smirnova Maryna , Matvieieva Olena
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the mediation of advertising documents as authentic documents that make it possible to reconcile the teaching/learning of language and culture in the language classroom. First, the research is done on the (inter)cultural potential of French and Ukrainian media advertising. Secondly, mediation is examined as a language activity that allows for a better understanding of the text and concepts of the advertisement, thus making learners aware of the culture of the Other. Moreover, cultural mediation is studied as one of the components of intercultural communication competence being indispensable for effective communication between representatives of different cultures. Four stages of mediation aimed at the development of intercultural awareness of Ukrainian students are proposed. Following the announced steps and objectives, two tracks of mediation of two types of advertising documents, printed and televised, are presented, where the mediation is carried out at three levels: iconic, linguistic and symbolic. Thus, cultural mediation, being an indispensable component of intercultural communication competence, is an essential means of preparing the learner for effective communication with representatives of other cultures.
French Language Teaching at the Heart of the Translation Course
Authors: El Bakali Naoufal
Published: December 2021

Language learning is the foundation of any translation business, especially for students admitted to translation courses. In our case, mastering the French language, in order to carry out a translation, requires a perfect knowledge of the linguistic workings, likely to come to the aid of students who are learning translation techniques. In the current state of affairs, learning to translate at the graduate level suggests a perfect mastery of languages, both at the start and at the end. We would like to develop our study from a didactic and linguistic point of view, calling on other interdisciplinary parameters, since the question of learning to translate is at the crossroads of several cogitos. Therefore, teaching the language, in this case French represents a step, sine qua non, for the students of the King Fahd Superior School of Translation of Tangier, knowing that in Morocco, the French language still occupies the place. of the first foreign language. As a result, our students are required to translate from and into the French language alongside Arabic and English. As such, we have chosen to approach the didactics of translation, first of all, by looking over the language teaching which embodies an essential place for the success of the act of translating. All the axes that we develop in this article have a degree of analysis that oscillates between theory and practice, since language and translation are two activities which have two sides of the same coin.
Metapragmatic neology in digital discourse
Authors: Marqueta Gracia Bárbara
Published: December 2021

This note addresses the topic of Judith Bridges’s focus article, namely ‑splain neologisms such as mansplain, thinsplain and covidsplain, from the perspective of morphological theory. I attempt to show that Morphopragmatics, a subfield of morphology, can account for the complex pragmatics of word formation processes like those in ‑splain neology. I propose that the analysis of ‑splain words as constructional idioms, under the framework of Construction Morphology, provides a suitable account of the pragmatic effects associated with the innovations in this lexical pattern.
LncRNA DANCR Restrains Sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in Prostate Cancer through Sponging MiR-577
Authors: Zhang Minghua
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT This present study explored the functions of lncRNA DANCR on regulating sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5- FU) in prostate cancer in vitro. The RT-qPCR examined RNA expressions of LNCRNA DANCR in RWPE-1, VCaP, PC3 and LNCaP cells, which also measured RNA levels of miR-577 in PC3 cells. DANCR was highly expressed in prostate cancer cell lines. 5-FU (0, 1, 5 and 10¼M) treatment induced the decrease of PC3 cell viability and low RNA expressions of DANCR but increased miR-577 in PC3 cells. The luciferase reporter test detected the binding between DNACR and miR- 577 . Interactions between DANCR and miR-577 were examined. Knockdown of DANCR downregulated DANCR and Bcl- 2 RNA expressions but accelerated cell viability and upregulated Bax, which were enhanced by the overexpression of miR- 577. Hence, DANCR might restrain sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to 5-FU by downregulating miR-577
Penerapan Metode Design Thinking Pada Model Perancangan Animasi Periklanan Digital Pencegahan Covid-19
Authors: Alrazi Camila Zahra , Rachman Anung
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Sejak awal ditemukannya wabah COVID-19 di Indonesia, pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai upaya dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 di antaranya membuat beberapa kebijakan baru dengan upaya preventif dan upaya reaktif. Salah satu upaya preventif yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah dengan menggunakan imbauan yang berisi promosi pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19. Pemerintah dibantu oleh kalangan masyarakat sering memberikan imbauan kampanye pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19, salah satunya adalah penggunaan media animasi digital. Media ini yang banyak ditemukan dalam situs-situs umum sehingga mempermudah penyampaian kepada masyarakat yang meluas. Perancangan yang digunakan menggunakan metode design thinking yang terdiri dari tahapan empathize, define, ideate, prototype dan test. Penggunaan metode design thinking diharapkan dapat digunakan secara efektif untuk merancang animasi digital sehingga promosi pencegahan penyebaran virus COVID-19 dapat menjadi lebih terstruktur dan sistematis. Hasil dari perancangan ini memberikan rekomendasi berupa model animasi digital promosi sebagai layanan masyarakat untuk pencegahan virus Covid-19 dengan menggunakan aplikasi Google Web Designer. Menggunakan dasar tersebut dapat disimpulkan metode design thinking memungkinkan desainer dalam pengumpulan berbagai informasi mengenai permasalahan yang ada sehingga mampu mengembangkan gagasan serta membuat alternatif desain dalam berinovasi.

Kata Kunci: perancangan; animasi digital;  COVID-19; design thinking,

 

 

Abstract: When COVID-19 pandemics was first found in Indonesia, the government has taken several measures to contain further spread of COVID-19 pandemic, including by taking some preventive and reactive measures. One of the preventive measures taken by the government is to appeal the public by promoting preventive approach to contain the spread of COVID-19. The government in collaboration with the community has often given campaign appeals to prevent the spread of COVID-19, to use digital animation advertisements. This Media are often found in public sites can facilitate delivery to the wider community. This design uses design thinking method which consists of empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The use of the design thinking method is expected to be used effectively to design digital animations so that the promotion of preventing the spread of the COVID-19 virus can be more structured and systematic. The result of this design provide recommendations in the form of digital animation model as a public service for the prevention of the Covid-19 virus by using the Google Web Designer application.With this basis, they can acquire a design thinking method that allows designers to gather various information about existing problems so that they are able to develop ideas and create design alternatives in terms of design.

Keywords: design; digital animation;  COVID-19; design thinking
إسهامات علماء مدينة أبهر خلال العصر العباسي (132 – 656هـ)
Authors: Nayiff Majeed Ali
Published: December 2021

عنيت الدراسات التاريخية في العصور الإسلامية بإعطاء الجانب العلمي عناية واضحة لكونه وسيلة التواصل العلمي والثقافي بين المدن العربية والإسلامية و لا سيما في  العصر العباسي (132 – 656هـ)، إذ بلغت الثقافة العربية الإسلامية أوج تطورها ورقيها ولا شك أن مدن المشرق الإسلامي قد تطورت فيها مختلف العلوم و لاسيما  مدينة أبهر إذ برز فيها العديد من العلماء وفي مختلف المجالات في التاريخ واللغة العربية والفقه والحديث وعلم القراءات ومنهم الرواة والمحدثين والأدباء وغير ذلك من التخصصات العلمية التي ساهموا فيها في تطور الحركة العلمية وتعليم اللغة العربية وتعليم مبادئ الدين الإسلامية ،و لاسيما أن أغلبهم  كانوا على المذهب المالكي وصوفيين وغير ذلك ومن أبرز هؤلاء العلماء: محمد بن الحسين بن إبراهيم بن زيادة بن عجلان الأبهري (ت 290هـ) وكان عالماً ثقة، وعبد الله بن طاهر بن حاتم الطائي، أبو بكر الأبهري (ت329هـ) وكان من أجلّ المشايخ بالمدينة وكان عالماً ورعاً من أئمة المتصوفين، ومحمد بن عبد الله بن محمد بن صالح التميمي الأبهري المالكي (ت 375هـ) الإمام العلامة القاضي والمحدث وشيخ المالكية العراقيين في عصره الذي ساهم بنشر المذهب المالكي في مدينة أبهر وقزوين وما جاورها من المدن في المشرق الإسلامي.
أهـمية مقاطع (EN) (KUR) (A) (É) عند السُّومريين
Authors: Al-Saadi Hussain A.
Published: December 2021

لقد تناول البحث أنموذجا مهما من المقاطع اللغوية السومرية  والتي عبر كل منها عن معاني مختلفة، إذ دل معنى الـ (EN) عن كرسي العرش والسيد ودل المقطع (KUR) عن معنى الجبل والعالم الأسفل، في حين عبر المقطع (A) عن سر الحياة وهو الماء بكل أنواعه وأشكاله وعبر المقطع (É) عن المؤسسة المتمثلة بالمعبد وعن مكان سكن الناس من الحكام الذين استقروا في القصور وعامة الناس الذين عاشوا في البيوت المتواضعة ، وإن سبب اختيار هذه المقاطع لتكون موضوعا لبحثنا (أهـمية مقاطع(EN)(KUR)( A)(É)عند السومريين) كان بسبب كثرة تداولها بشكل متكرر في النصوص السومرية المبكرة المكتشفة، لذا حاولنا أن نسلط الضوء على  أسباب الاهتمام بتلك المقاطع من السكان السومريين وحتى لمن جاء بعدهم من الأكديين الذين لم ينكروا أهمية هذه المقاطع بل أخذوها من السومريين و أوجدوا لها مقاطع لغوية تعبر عن المعنى السومري نفسه بما يتلاءم مع سمتهم الجزرية في تعاملاتهم مع مختلف أوجه الحياة فبقيت مفردات المقاطع السومرية تلوح في أفق الجو اللغوي الجزري الذي جاء به الأكديون من البابليين والآشوريين فكثيرا ما نجد أن النصوص اللغوية ثنائية اللغة تضم كل المقاطع السومرية، والأكدية في النص الواحد نفسه وهذا طبعا من مميزات اللغات الرافدينية السومرية والأكدية ،كما بينا أهمية وجود المقاطع المذكورة في حياة الناس و ما تمثله من معاني معنوية ومادية عند المجتمع السومري لارتباطها بمعيشة السكان.
الأبعاد الاجتماعيّة للاقتصاد الرَّيعيّ ودوره في قوَّة العراق
Authors: Abdalah Maan Hussein , Abdal Aayad Abid alridha
Published: December 2021

لا تقتصر الانعكاسات السلبية للاقتصاد الريعي على الجوانب السياسية والاقتصادية وإنما يؤدي إلى انعكاسات اجتماعية بالغة الخطورة تتمثل في الفقر والبطالة والتنمية,وهذه الانعكاسات السلبية تؤثر تأثيراً كبيراً في سيادة واستقلالية العراق مما ينعكس سلباً على ضعف العراق إذ تؤدي إلى العديد من المشكلات الاجتماعية مثل انتشار العنف والإرهاب وازدياد تعاطي المخدرات  والعزوف عن الزواج والتفكك الأسري وانتشار  الآفات الاجتماعية الخطيرة مثل السرقة والتسول.
التحليل المكاني لنمط توزيع المجمعات السكنية العمودية في مدينة بغداد
Authors: Haseeb Huda Jasim , Al-Taie Ayad Ashour Hamza
Published: December 2021

نظم المعلومات الجغرافية : GIS هي عبارة جمع وإدخال ومعالجة وتحليل وعرض وإخراج المعلومات الجغرافية وتحليها (مكانيا وإحصائيا) ، فهي تقنية حديثة لها القدرة بالقيام بعملية التحليل في مدة زمنية قصيرة, ويهدف البحث إلى التحليل المكاني للمجمعات السكنية العمودية الحكومية والاستثمارية  ونمط توزيعها على مستوى البلديات  في مدينة بغداد ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث أن أنواع التحليل المكاني (قرينة الجار الأقرب، المركز المتوسط، المسافة المعيارية ، المركز المتوسط الفعلي واتجاه التوزيع, تحليل الكثافة) في منطقة الدراسة، وقد لوحظ من خلال الدراسة أن المجمعات السكنية العمودية الحكومية والاستثمارية أخذت نمط التوزيع العشوائي أي النمط المتباعد في منطقة الدراسة، وإنّ تركُّز المجمعات السكنية كان في جانب الكرخ أكثر منه في جانب الرصافة وذلك نتيجة تقبل السكان، ورغبتهم في السكن في المجمعات السكنية العمودية أكثر من جانب الرصافة.
إدانة الذات لدى مرتكبي جرائم زنا المحارم
Authors: Obaid Hijran Mohsen , Daghestani Sana Issa
Published: December 2021

تناول البحث الحالي متغير الدراسة وهو إدانة الذات (Self-Condemnation) والذي يعني استجابة مركبة ذات مشاعر سلبية نابعة عن تأنيب شديد لذات الفرد جراء تصرف غير مقبول (مرفوض) يخالف القوانين والتشريع والمعايير الاجتماعية مما يؤدي إلى إلحاق ضرر بالآخرين (الشخص الضحية)،فهي تعني تجاهل عواقب الأفعال ،فعندما يواصل الناس ممارسة الأنشطة الضارة إزاء الآخرين لتحقيق المكاسب الشخصية ، ولكي يتجنبوا مواجهة الأضرار التي تسببوا بحصولها فإنهم يقومون بتصغير آثار هذه الأضرار ولاسيما إذا كان على المستوى الفردي للتهرب من المسؤولية ،وقد لقي موضوع إدانة الذات في العصر الحديث اهتمام الباحثين بالمجتمعات المتقدمة بوصفه إحدى توجهات علم النفس.

ولتحقيق أهداف البحث الحالي اعتمدت الباحثة نظرية ووديت ووينزل (Woodyat & Wanzel , 2013) علماً أنه أنموذج مطور من نظرية هول وفينشام (Hall& Fincham,2005) ،كما قامت الباحثة بإعداد مقياس إدانة الذات بعد اطلاعها على النظرية المعتمدة والمقاييس السابقة ، وقامت الباحثة بإجراءات تحليل الفقرات على مقياس البحث على وفق طريقتي (المجموعتين المتطرفتين والاتساق الداخلي) واستخرج صدق البناء باستعمال معامل ارتباط بيرسون ، وقد بلغ معامل الثبات لإدانة الذات بطريقة الفا كرونباخ (0,85)، وتألفت عينة البحث الحالي (250) سجين من سجناء وزارة العدل العراقية وكانوا جميعهم من الذكور فقط أي القائم بالفعل موزعين على ثمانية سجون من سجون وزارة العدل اختيروا بطريقة عشوائية، وتوصل  البحث إلى النتائج الاتية:1.أن السجناء لديهم إدانة للذات بدلالة إحصائية 2. لم يكن هنالك فروق في العمر بالنسبة لمتغير إدانة الذات أما التحصيل فهناك فروق في التحصيل ولصالح المرحلة الجامعية ولم يكن  هناك فروق دالة إحصائيا بالنسبة للمستوى الاقتصادي لمتغير إدانة الذات ، واقترحت الباحثة مقترحات عده منها :1.إجراء دراسة لإدانة الذات مع متغيرات السلوك التصالحي وغفران الذات الزائف 2.إجراء دراسة عن زنا المحارم مع أساليب المعاملة الوالدية والتفكك الأسري والإدمان على المخدرات.