bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baroclinic Tidal Energetics Inferred from Satellite Altimetry
Authors: Zaron Edward D. , Musgrave Ruth C. , Egbert Gary D.
Published: February 2022

The energetics of baroclinic tides are analyzed using the High Resolution Empirical Tide (HRET) model. The HRET model consists of maps of the sea surface height (SSH) anomaly associated with that component of the tides’ baroclinic pressure fields, which are phase locked with the gravitational tidal potential. The dynamical assumptions underpinning the transformation of SSH into corresponding baroclinic velocity and energy flux are examined critically through comparisons with independent information and term balances in the equations of motion. It is found that the HRET-derived phase speed of the mode-1 baroclinic tide agrees closely with the phase speed predicted by the theory for long waves propagating through the observed climatological stratification. The HRET SSH is decomposed into contributions from separate vertical modes, and the energy, energy flux, and energy flux divergence of mode-1 (for M2, S2, K1, and O1) and mode-2 (for M2) tides are computed, with an emphasis on the most accurately determined mode-1 M2. The flux divergence of HRET mode-1 M2, computed as the contour integral of the outbound normal flux around strong generation regions, is found to correspond with independent estimates of the area-integrated barotropic-to-baroclinic-mode-1 conversion, although, there is considerable uncertainty in both the flux divergence and the barotropic-to-baroclinic conversion. Further progress on mapping the baroclinic tidal energetics from altimeter observations will require more dynamically complete descriptions of the baroclinic tides than can be provided by kinematic models of SSH, such as HRET.
Outcomes in Blunt vs Penetrating Pelvic Vascular Injuries
Authors: Evans Teresa , Guiab Keren , Roberts Andrew , Saadat Ghulam , Capron Gweniviere , Schlanser Victoria , Bokhari Faran
Published: February 2022

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in outcomes for patients with blunt and penetrating vascular injuries of the pelvis.

Methods

Data were abstracted from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database from 2011 to 2015. Patients >18 years with hypogastric, iliac, uterine, or ovarian arterial or venous injuries were included. Individuals with an AIS head or chest score >3 were excluded.

Results

Of the 2559 patients included, the mean age was 43 years (±19), 75.25% were male, and 32.6% had a comorbidity. 64.9% presented with blunt injury (mean ISS of 23 (±12)). 74.9% experienced a complication. The median hospital length of stay (LOS) and ICU LOS were 10 days and 4 days, respectively. 6.7% had an adverse discharge. Mortality occurred in 8.3%. On bivariate analysis, patients who sustained blunt trauma were older (51 vs 31 years), female (32.7% vs 10.1%), had a higher ISS (25.71 vs 17.65), and had a longer hospital LOS (16.65 vs 13.88). Patients with penetrating trauma had an increased chance of complications (78.4% vs 73.0%) and mortality (10.7% vs 7.0%). Multivariate analysis revealed in patients with blunt injuries have more complications (OR: 1.950 CI: 0.886-4.291 P = .097), a lower ISS (OR: 0.919, CI: 0.908-0.930, P < .001, were more likely to have an adverse discharge (OR: 2.05, CI: 1.62-2.60, P = .000), and had a higher risk of mortality (OR: 4.08 CI: 2.78-6.41 P < .000).

Conclusion

Patients with blunt pelvic vessel injuries are at risk for an increased number of complications and have a higher risk of mortality. Those who survive are more likely to have an adverse discharge.
Parenting Narratives Among Methamphetamine Using Mothers and Fathers
Authors: Beaton Blake , Copes Heith
Published: February 2022

We examine the narratives of parents and stepparents who used methamphetamine to uncover how they talk about parenting decisions relating to their children using drugs. We find that parents draw on themes of protecting children from harm to justify their decisions and to frame themselves as responsible parents. Whereas most said that they would not use with their children, those who did justified their choices by saying they were protecting their children. Regardless of whether they used with their children or not, parents narratively framed their decisions in ways that they believed reflected parenting beliefs common in their social setting. Our findings suggest that one’s ability to frame parenting decisions in culturally accepted practices can facilitate intergenerational drug use.
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Practices and Its Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities, West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bahiru Tefera Bereket , Tilahun Anbessa Gizachew
Published: February 2022

Background: Effective pharmaceutical supply chain practices help to minimize stockout, losses due to expiry, and pilferage. Besides, it helps to ensure the availability of the pharmaceutical in an adequate quantity and improving the quality of services provided. This study aimed to assess the status of the pharmaceutical supply chain practices and associated factors from the healthcare professional’s perspective in public health facilities. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design, complemented with a qualitative study, was conducted in public health facilities between April 30 and June 30, 2018. The data were collected with self-administering questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Epidata and SPSS version 20 was utilized for quantitative data entry and analysis, respectively. Simple and multiple linear regressions were done. A variable with a P-value less than .05 was considered as significantly associated. Twenty-seven key informants were interviewed for qualitative study and the data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Result: A total of 425 questionnaires were distributed to respondents and 413 questionnaires were filled and returned successfully. Supplier relationship management and information sharing and technology were underperformed supply chain practices with a mean value of 2.64 and 2.39, respectively. On the contrary, inventory management was a better-performed supply chain practice with a mean of 3.22. The linear regression analysis revealed that the Integrated Pharmaceutical Logistics System [IPLS] skill of the staff and management support were the factors significantly associated with the performance of most supply chain practices. Additional, in-depth interviews exposed that the shortage of budget, poor management support, and lack of staff commitment were the major challenges for most supply chain practices. Conclusion: Generally, the study revealed that most of the supply chain practices were poorly executed in public health facilities. Besides, the pharmaceutical supply chain practices were compromised by budget constraints, staff ignorance, and lack of administrative support.
Colour of polyurethane foams filled with wood and wood derivatives exposed to two xylophagous fungi
Authors: Aramburu Arthur B , Guidoti Arthur B , Schneider Diemis M , Cruz Nidria D , de Avila Delucis Rafael
Published: February 2022

This study addresses changes in aesthetical features of bio-based polyurethane (PU) foams filled with four forest-based particles (namely wood flour, wood bark, kraft lignin, and paper sludge), which were decayed by two wood-rot fungi. White-rot and brown-rot fungi were inoculated on these foams and further characterization results were obtained using colourimetric parameters measured according to the CIELab method. The fungi penetrated into both intra and intercellular spaces into the PU foams, although it neither changed the foam weight nor chemically interacted with the polymer cell wall. These fungi changed overall the appearance of the foams, which indicates that a protective strategy against these microorganisms may be of interest, especially for foam parts used in contact with wood products. The neat PU presented smaller colour stability if compared to the filled foams. Among the fillers, powdered kraft lignin stood out and can be indicated to produce valuable darkened PU parts with stable colour patterns.
Interaction between carbon nanotubes with functional groups and epoxy resin and its effect on thermal properties of carbon nanotubes/epoxy composites
Authors: Jiang Cai , Zhang Jianwei , Jiang Dazhi , Wang Shaokai , Gu Yizhuo , Li Min , He Yonglyu
Published: February 2022

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/epoxy composites are composed of CNTs, epoxy resin, and the interphase between them. The micro-morphology of the interphase has a significant influence on the macro-properties of composites, which is mainly attributed to the difference in the interaction between CNTs and epoxy resin. However, a systematic research on the interaction between CNTs and epoxy resin on composite properties is still insufficient. In this paper, the surface properties of three types of functionalized CNTs, the adhesion forces between the typical functional groups and epoxy groups, as well as the curing characteristics and the thermal properties of the CNTs/epoxy composites were investigated by using experimental methods like surface energy analysis, atomic force microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. This paper performed direct measurements on the interaction between CNTs with functional groups and epoxy resin. Moreover, it provided several experimental evidences for the mechanism of interfacial interaction affecting thermal properties of CNTs/epoxy composites. It indicated that it is conducive to form covalent bonds at the CNTs/epoxy composite interface when there is a strong interaction between CNTs and epoxy resin, and the thermal property could be improved finally.
Pope Francis and Interreligious Encounter
Authors: Phan Peter C.
Published: February 2022

The article examines the contributions of Pope Francis to the theology of religion and interreligious dialogue by examining his political, sociopolitical, and practical approach, and contrasting this approach with the doctrinal and theological dialogue and deploying the implications of his four principles—“time is greater than space”; “unity prevails over conflict”; “realities are more important than ideas”; and “the whole is greater than the part”—for the practice of interreligious dialogue.
A Presidential Year: Election, Transition, and Recovery
Authors: Himes Kenneth R.
Published: February 2022

An analysis of trends in American politics and economics points to serious threats to the legitimacy and vitality of the nation’s democracy. Large numbers of disaffected individuals are resentful and mournful regarding recent developments in public life. Understanding the sources of resentment and grief should lead to a reassessment of government’s role in the economy and to an imperative to address the crisis of the isolated individual.
Expanding Horizons 150 Years after Vatican I: Toward a Renewed Relationship between Synodality and Primacy
Authors: Colberg Kristin
Published: February 2022

Pope Francis calls the church to greater synodality to build up practices of communion, participation, and mission at every level of the church’s life. Proponents of synodality often interpret Vatican I’s definition of papal primacy as an obstacle to the synodal path. Recent scholarship, however, suggests ways that Vatican I need not present a stumbling block; rather, when properly contextualized and interpreted, Pastor Aeternus has the potential to illumine the inherent dynamism between primacy and synodality. This study explores how fresh approaches to Vatican I and synodality can direct us to more responsive ecclesial structures in the diverse and changing church of today.
The use of generalizability theory in investigating the score dependability of classroom-based L2 reading assessment
Authors: Liao Ray J. T.
Published: February 2022

Among the variety of selected response formats used in L2 reading assessment, multiple-choice (MC) is the most commonly adopted, primarily due to its efficiency and objectiveness. Given the impact of assessment results on teaching and learning, it is necessary to investigate the degree to which the MC format reliably measures learners’ L2 reading comprehension in the classroom context. While researchers have claimed that the longer the reading test (i.e., more test items and passages), the higher its overall reliability, few studies have investigated the optimal number of items and passages required for reliable classroom-based L2 reading assessment.

To address this research gap, I adopted generalizability (G) theory to investigate the score reliability of the MC format in classroom-based L2 reading tests. A total of 108 ESL students at an American college completed an English reading test that included four passages, each of which was accompanied by five MC comprehension questions. The results showed that the score reliability of the L2 reading test was critically influenced by the number of items and passages, inasmuch as a different combination of the number of passages and items altered the degree of reliability. Implications for practitioners and educational researchers are discussed.
Appropriating media coverage of protests: A framing analysis of the ‘Save Akamas’ campaign in national news
Authors: Papaioannou Tao
Published: February 2022

News coverage of protests typically employs a protest paradigm: framing strategies for marginalizing protest actors and reducing the significance of protest issues and aims. However, recent studies are detecting less prototypical media responses, indicating the need to identify the extent of application of the protest paradigm and the underlying determinants for variations within media politics of dissent. This analysis of the framing of a Cypriot environmental campaign ‘Save Akamas’ by three national newspapers indicated that the coverage deviated from the protest paradigm. The results showed little emphasis on social deviance but validation of the protests in varying magnitudes through frames articulating governmental responsibility, environmental conservation, and ambivalence towards economic grievances. Finally, supplemented with interviews with two protest organizers and journalists, respectively, this article examines the conditions under which citizen protests mitigate media spectacles through appropriating legitimation strategies.
Oxygenator impact on peramivir in extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation circuits
Authors: Cies Jeffrey J , Moore Wayne S , Marino Daniel , Deacon Jillian , Enache Adela , Chopra Arun
Published: February 2022

Introduction

This study aims to determine the oxygenator impact on alterations of peramivir (PRV) in a contemporary neonatal/pediatric (1/4-inch) and adolescent/adult (3/8-inch) extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit including the Quadrox-i® oxygenator.

Methods

1/4-inch and 3/8-inch, simulated closed-loop ECMO circuits were prepared with a Quadrox-i pediatric and Quadrox-i adult oxygenator and blood primed. Additionally, 1/4-inch and 3/8-inch circuits were also prepared without an oxygenator in series. A one-time dose of PRV was administered into the circuits and serial pre- and post-oxygenator concentrations were obtained at 5-min and 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 8-, 12-, and 24-h time points. PRV was also maintained in a glass vial, and samples were taken from the vial at the same time periods for control purposes to assess for spontaneous drug degradation.

Results

For the 1/4-in. circuit with an oxygenator, there was < 15% PRV loss, and for the 1/4-in. circuit without an oxygenator, there was < 3% PRV loss during the study period. For the 3/8-in. circuits with an oxygenator, there was < 15% PRV loss, and for the 3/8-in. circuits without an oxygenator, there was < 3% PRV loss during the study period.

Conclusion

There was no significant PRV loss over the 24-h study period in either the 1/4-in. or 3/8-in circuit, regardless of the presence of the oxygenator. The concentrations obtained pre- and post-oxygenator appeared to approximate each other, suggesting there may be no drug loss via the oxygenator. This preliminary data suggests PRV dosing may not need to be adjusted for concern of drug loss via the oxygenator. Additional single and multiple dose studies are needed to validate these findings.
Macrolide susceptibility and molecular characteristics of Bordetella pertussis
Authors: Zhang Juansheng , Zhang Diqiang , Wang Xiaoqiang , Wei Xiaoguang , Li Hao
Published: February 2022

Objective

To analyse macrolide resistance and molecular characteristics of Bordetella pertussis clinical isolates from western China, and to explore the relationship between macrolide-resistance and genotypes.

Methods

Susceptibilities of B. pertussis clinical isolates to erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin were determined by epsilometer test (E-test). Isolated strains were sequenced to ascertain the presence of the 23S rRNA gene A2047G mutation. Strains were typed using multilocus antigen sequence typing, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results

Of 58 B. pertussis strains isolated in this study, 46 were macrolide-resistant and 12 were macrolide sensitive. All macrolide-resistant strains carried the A2047G mutation and were the prn1/ ptxP1/ ptxA1/ fim3-1/ fim2-1 genotype; the MLVA types were MT195 (19/58), MT55 (13/58) and MT104 (14/58), and the PFGE profiles were classified into BpSR23 (17/58) and BpFINR9 (29/58) types. None of the macrolide-sensitive strains carried the A2047G mutation; genotypes were ( prn9 or prn2)/ ptxP3/ ptxA1/ fim3-1/ fim2-1, and all were MT27. PFGE profiles differed from the macrolide-resistant strains.

Conclusions

B. pertussis clinical isolates from western China were severely resistant to macrolides. Genotypes differed between macrolide-resistant and macrolide-sensitive strains, and there may be a correlation between acquisition of macrolide resistance and changes in specific molecular types.
Endovascular treatment of a pseudoaneurysm of the posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery as a complication of chronic pancreatitis: a case report
Authors: Mitrovic Jovanovic Milica , Tadic Boris , Jankovic Aleksandra , Stosic Katarina , Lukic Borivoje , Cvetic Vladimir , Knezevic Djordje
Published: February 2022

A pancreatic pseudoaneurysm is a rare but life-threatening clinical entity. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are of great clinical importance. We herein present an unusual case of a pseudoaneurysm of the posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery that developed as a complication of chronic pancreatitis. It was detected in a timely manner and successfully treated with minimally invasive endovascular therapy.
Left on a Doorstep: The Role of Infant Abandonment in Preserving and Exposing Family Secrets in Australia 1834–1954
Authors: Swain Shurlee
Published: February 2022

Based on a database of Australian cases from 1834–1954, this article argues that abandonment was an intentional strategy intended to maximise a child's chances of survival while preserving its family's reputation. However, abandonment had the potential to expose family secrets, bringing them into the public gaze and subjecting them to interrogation. Abandonment was also used for revenge, exposing the identity of putative fathers in a demand for financial support. Through this analysis the article positions abandonment as a key site of interaction between the individual and society, and the private and the public in relation to the politics of secrecy.
Patient Perception of Being “Completely Better” After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Schneider Matheus B. , Kung Justin E. , Zhang Tina , Rocca Michael S. , Foster Michael J. , Meredith Sean J. , Leong Natalie L. , Packer Jonathan D. , Henn R. Frank
Published: February 2022

Background:

Contextualizing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) by defining clinically relevant differences is important. Considering that anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) ideally results in the restoration of normal knee function, an assessment of patients’ perception of being “completely better” (CB) may be of particular value.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of patients who self-report a CB status after ACLR. Additionally, we aimed to determine whether PROs were associated with a CB status after ACLR as well as to determine CB status thresholds for 2-year and change in values.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed data from an orthopaedic registry at a single institution. Patients were administered the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function (PF), PROMIS Pain Interference (PI), and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form preoperatively and at 2 years after ACLR. Additionally, patients completed a CB anchor question at 2 years after ACLR. Thresholds for 2-year and change in PRO scores associated with achieving a CB status were identified with 90% specificity.

Results:

Overall, 95 of the 136 patients (69.9%) considered their condition to be CB at 2 years after surgery. The 2-year and change in PROMIS PF, PROMIS PI, and IKDC scores were significantly better in the CB group than in the non-CB group. Thresholds associated with a CB status for 2-year PROMIS PF, PROMIS PI, and IKDC scores were more reliable than those for changes in scores and were ≥63, ≤44, and ≥80, respectively. Thresholds for the change in PROMIS PF, PROMIS PI, and IKDC scores were ≥19, ≤–16, and ≥44, respectively.

Conclusion:

The majority of patients reported that they were CB at 2 years after ACLR. This study may serve as a reference for orthopaedic surgeons and researchers when considering outcomes after ACLR.
Local treatment with Sema3a could promote the osseointegration of hydroxyapatite coated titanium rod in diabetic rats
Authors: Wang Zhengyu , Wei Shan
Published: February 2022

Recently, semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) has been identified as a critical gene for osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases osteoblastic bone formation. However, in current research studies, there is a lack of focus on whether Sema3a can affect the osseointegration of titanium rods in diabetes and through what biological mechanisms. Therefore, the present work was aimed to evaluate the effect of local administration with Sema3A on hydroxyapatite coated titanium rod osseointegration in diabetic rat model and preliminary exploration of possible mechanisms. The MC3T3-E1 cells were co-cultured with Sema3A and high glucose and induced to osteogenesis, and the cell viability, osteogenic activity was observed by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8), Alkaline Phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red Staining, and Western Blot. In vitro experiments, CCK-8, ALP, and ARS staining results show that the mineralization and osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1increased significantly after intervention by Sema3A, as well as a higher levels of protein expressions including Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1(SIRT1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). In vivo experiment, a better stability and osseointegration of the titanium rod were observed after treatment with Sema3A, as well as a higher SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and SIRT1 gene expression. The present study indicates that local treatment with Sema3A was associated with increased osseointegration of titanium rod by reducing the oxidative stress of osteoblasts and enhancing the function of osteoblasts in a diabetic rat.
Explaining Attitude-Consistent Exposure on Social Network Sites: The Role of Ideology, Political Involvement, and Network Characteristics
Authors: Reiter Franz , Heiss Raffael , Matthes Jörg
Published: February 2022

There are rising concerns that social network sites (SNS) facilitate the creation of echo chambers, in which attitude-consistent information becomes the norm while attitude-challenging information is avoided. This study aims to investigate theoretically derived predictors of attitude-consistent and attitude-challenging exposure on SNS. We theorize that three key sets of predictors may influence attitude-consistent and attitude-challenging exposure: ideology, cognitive, and behavioral indicators of political involvement, and network characteristics. In a two-wave panel study, we predict the frequency of attitude-consistent and attitude-challenging exposure as well as relative attitude-consistent exposure, measured as attitude-consistent exposure as a share of overall opinion exposure. The results demonstrate that extreme ideological positions, higher political knowledge, and low-effort political participation predicted an increase in (relative) attitude-consistent exposure. Cross-social class exposure predicted a decrease in (relative) attitude-consistent exposure. The findings challenge existing arguments that SNS may per se facilitate attitude-consistent exposure.
Marine diesel exhaust manifold failure and life prediction under high-temperature vibration
Authors: Li Bin , Cui Yi , Fu Yan , Deng Kangyao , Tian Yonghai , Liu Sheng
Published: February 2022

The working environment of the diesel exhaust manifold is harsh. On one hand, exhaust gas with high temperature continues to flush on the inner wall of the manifold, and on the other hand, the manifold is also affected by some complex factors, such as diesel engine vibration. If the design is unreasonable, air leakage, cracking, and other failure phenomena are easy to appear. In this article, aiming at the aforementioned problems in the exhaust manifold design process, a high-speed diesel exhaust manifold is taken as an example and analyzed by computational fluid dynamics and finite element method technology. The temperature field distribution of the exhaust manifold is simulated by the fluid–structure interaction method, and then the thermal stress distribution is simulated based on the temperature field of the exhaust manifold. According to the thermal stress of the exhaust manifold and the vibration stress in three directions (axial, transverse, and vertical), combined with the time domain acceleration signals, the high-cycle fatigue life of the exhaust manifold is obtained. The exhaust manifold structure is optimized based on the minimum high-cycle fatigue life position. Then, the high-cycle fatigue life analysis of the optimized structure shows that the optimized structure can significantly improve the life of the exhaust manifold. Then, the optimized structure is further analyzed for low-cycle fatigue life to check whether it meets the requirements of low-cycle fatigue life. After simulation, it can be known that the low-cycle fatigue life meets the design requirements. Finally, sensitivity analysis of the fatigue life under different loading conditions (thermal load and vibration intensity) shows that the thermal load has a significant influence on the fatigue life, so the thermal load should be paid attention to in the design process.
Anti-Rollover Control of a Counterbalance Forklift Based on Roll Energy Classification
Authors: Xia Guang , Li Jiacheng , Tang Xiwen , Zhang Yang , Zhao Linfeng , Wang Shaojie
Published: February 2022

This study proposes an energy stability index suitable for a counterbalance forklift, aiming to solve the problem that the traditional vehicle stability index load transfer rate is difficult to accurately judge the stability state of such a forklift. The analysis of the structure of the counterbalance forklift and contact relationship between the body and rear axle are used as bases to establish a two-stage dynamic model and derive real-time instability energy of a forklift truck in the rollover process under different conditions. Additionally, this research proposes an anti-rollover control strategy of the counterbalance forklift based on roll energy classification. The corresponding calculation formula of the forklift energy stability index is selected according to different stability conditions to perform roll energy classification. An anti-rollover oil cylinder and active rear wheel steering are used as an anti-rollover control actuator, and an anti-rollover control is implemented based on model predictive control. Last, a simulation based on European standard operating conditions and real vehicle test verification is conducted. Results show that the anti-rollover control strategy based on roll energy classification can effectively reduce the risk of forklift rollover and improve the stability and active safety of a counterbalance forklift.
Effectiveness of an electronic health record model for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis
Authors: Keizur Erin , Robinson Eileen , Sha Beverly E. , Aziz Mariam , Shankaran Shivanjali
Published: February 2022

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is extremely effective when taken correctly, though grossly under-prescribed for at-risk patients. We initiated a best practice advisory (BPA) in the Epic electronic medical record (EMR) to identify patients who met criteria for PrEP use. We evaluated this model to determine its effectiveness in identifying patients and its use by providers for increasing prescription of PrEP. The BPA fired 145 times with five total new PrEP prescriptions. Over half of the patients identified were cisgender women, a group that is both under prescribed PrEP and missed by prior EMR PrEP algorithms. Half of the patients were African American, a group at high risk of HIV infection. Though the model was effective at identifying patients, provider initiation of PrEP or acknowledgment of the BPA was low. Further education of providers regarding PrEP usage and expansion of BPA messages are needed to increase rates of PrEP initiation.
Lower Absolute Lymphocyte Count Before Conditioning Predicts High Relapse Risk in Patients After Haploidentical Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation With Low Dose Anti-Thymocyte Globulin/Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide for GvHD Prophylaxis
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Cai Yu , Yang Jun , Tong Yin , Qiu Huiying , Huang Chongmei , Zhou Kun , Xu Xiaowei , Niu Jiahua , Xia Xinxin , Zhang Ying , Shen Chang , Wei Yu , Song Xianmin , Wan Liping
Published: February 2022

Standard anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) weight-based dosing often resulted in highly variable ATG exposure, which had profound effects on relapse and survival, especially in recipients with relatively low absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) before conditioning. Data regarding rabbit ATG pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the setting of HLA-haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (haplo-PBSCT) is lacking. We conducted a retrospective study on 90 consecutive patients who underwent haplo-PBSCT with low dose rabbit ATG (5 mg/kg) plus low dose post-transplant cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) based regimen for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. We compared serum concentration of ATG and post-transplant results between patients with ALC<500/μl and ALC≥500/μl before conditioning. Patients with ALC<500/μl had higher ATG concentrations, delayed immune reconstitution, lower incidence of grade II-IV acute GvHD (0 vs. 19.42%, P = 0.043), higher risk of Epstein-Barr virus infection within 100 days post-transplant (47.78% vs. 22.22%, P = 0.020) and 1-year relapse rate (33.33% vs.11.59%, P = 0.041), and lower 1-year overall survival (OS) (52.38% vs.79.71%, P = 0.004), 1-year relapse free survival (RFS) (47.62% vs. 75.36% for RFS, P = 0.014), and 1-year GvHD free relapse-free survival (GRFS) (42.89% vs. 65.22%, P = 0.043). ALC<500/μl before conditioning was a significant poor risk factor for relapse, OS, RFS, and GRFS.
How can Secondary Thromboprophylaxis in High-Risk Pregnant Patients be Improved?
Authors: Stanciakova Lucia , Dobrotova Miroslava , Holly Pavol , Zolkova Jana , Vadelova Lubica , Skornova Ingrid , Ivankova Jela , Samos Matej , Bolek Tomas , Grendar Marian , Danko Jan , Kubisz Peter , Stasko Jan
Published: February 2022

Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is suggested for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women with previous venous thromboembolism (VTE). Anyway, there is only limited amount of studies evaluating the effect of LMWH on hemostatic parameters during pregnancy of patients with previous VTE and the need of secondary thromboprophylaxis. We therefore provide results of prospective and longitudinal assessment of changes in hemostasis in high-risk pregnant women at four times during pregnancy (T1–T4) and one time after the postpartum period (T5) used for individualized modification of thromboprophylaxis. In this study, the results of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and protein S (PS) activity, ProC Global ratio and anti-Xa activity were evaluated. Despite the thromboprophylaxis, an increased predisposition to thromboembolic complications was detected (significant increase in FVIII activity and decrease in PS function, ProC Global ratio not normalized even after the postpartum period – p < .0001 between controls and T5 for PS and ProC Global). These results indicate that hemostasis may not be restored even 6 to 8 weeks after delivery and pose the question when is it safe to withdraw the anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in high-risk patients with prior VTE.
Structure design and experimental analysis of a perforated dielectric elastomer sound absorber
Authors: Chen Jie , Wu Jinwu , Yan Shanlin , Mao Qibo , Zhao Yanying , Zeng Shan
Published: February 2022

A large part of research on membrane mufflers focuses on the sound insulation performance of the membrane, and there is less research on the sound absorption performance of the membrane. In most cases, membrane mufflers only have some narrow absorption peaks in the low frequency band. In this paper, a micro-perforated dielectric elastomer membrane sound absorber is introduced to broaden the sound absorption frequency band of the membrane in the low frequency band. Different initial thickness, perforation aperture, and perforation spacing of the dielectric elastomer membranes were designed and fabricated, and the effect of the variation of the parameters was investigated by testing the sound absorption performance of the structural specimens. It was found that increasing the initial thickness of the membrane, appropriately decreasing the perforation aperture, and appropriately controlling the perforation spacing could improve the sound absorption performance of the structure. And based on the perforated membrane, a ring electrode structure was further designed to realize the electrically adjustable sound absorption frequency of the membrane. After the membrane with the ring electrode structure was perforated in the central region, the sound absorption band of the membrane was broadened significantly, and the applied voltage could realize the electrically adjustable sound absorption performance of the structure in the low frequency band.
Development of a decision tree for the pharmacy-led consultation of elderly patients with haematological malignancies
Authors: Strumia Mathilde , Fargeas Jean-Baptiste , Marcellaud Elodie , Del Mathilde , Dintilhac Audrey , Remenieras Liliane , Dmytruck Nataliya , Moreau Stéphane , Jaccard Arnaud , Jost Jeremy
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Elderly patients with haematological malignancies are a population at risk of iatrogenic for whom these activities could optimize therapeutic management. However, the limitation of human resources requires optimization of the process in order to improve the efficiency of pharmaceutical activities. The objective was to build a decision tree to optimize the pharmaceutical consultation in these population within a multidisciplinary team in haematology.

Method

Pharmaceutical consultations were proposed to elderly subjects with haematological malignancies followed up in a haematology day hospitalization at the University Hospital of Limoges. Risk factors for prescribing risky drugs in this population were determined by logistic regression models. A decision tree was constructed based on these results and by agreement between pharmacist, geriatrician and hematologist.

Results

Female gender (aOR[CI95%] = 1.71 [1.14–2.57]), polypharmacy (aOR[CI95%] = 1.89 [1.14–3.13]), hyper-polypharmacy (aOR[CI95%] = 5.73 [3.03–10.84]) and moderate cholinergic load (aOR[CI95%] = 2.15 [1.04–4.45]) were risk factors for the prescription of inappropriate medicine. Female gender (aOR[CI95%] = 1.55 [1.02–2.35]) and hyper-polypharmacy (aOR[CI95%] = 6.19 [1–1.28]) were risk factors for prescribing anticholinergic drugs or anticoagulants; in contrast, frailty status was a protective factor for prescribing anticholinergics (aOR[CI95%] = 0.51 [0.33–0.81]). Prioritization of pharmaceutical consultations is based on frailty status, prescription of a target drug and polypharmacy.

Discussion

Pharmaceutical consultations during the day hospitalization of elderly subjects with hematological diseases allow to propose therapeutic optimizations. The prioritization proposed in our study would increase the efficiency of pharmaceutical activities in order to improve quality and safety throughout the care pathway of these patients.
Experiences of the combined use of Favipiravir in patients using Lorlatinib and Brigatinib
Authors: Buyukkor Mustafa , Tay Fatih , Ates Ozturk
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is challenging the management of cancer patients. In this article, we present two patients diagnosed with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) + non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (NSCL CA), infected with COVID-19, who had a previous multi-line therapy with Brigatinib and Lorlatinib, and received Favipiravir for their current infection.

Case reports

A 58-year-old man and a 65-year-old woman were diagnosed as ALK ( + ) NSCL CA. Both patients received tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) for lung cancer when diagnosed with COVID-19. No adverse effects were observed with the concurrent use of Favipiravir, an antiviral drug currently used for COVID-19 and TKI.

Management and outcome

Considering the pharmacokinetic effects of favipiravir and the ALK inhibitor TKI's used on our cases (Brigatinib-Lorlatinib), the concurrent use of these drugs was safe and prevented the delay in the primary treatment of the malignancy of our patients.

Discussion

To our knowledge, these are the only reported cases diagnosed as ALK ( + ) NSCL CA who received favipiravir because of COVID-19 while using TKI, and both patients recovered completely without any side effects.
The Prevalence of Sexual Grooming Behaviors in a Large Sample of Clergy
Authors: Winters Georgia M. , Jeglic Elizabeth L. , Terry Karen J.
Published: February 2022

Following the exposure of child sexual abuse (CSA) within the U.S. Catholic Church, it was postulated that many of these cases went unreported because sexual grooming was involved. The present study examined the prevalence of sexual grooming behaviors of clergy through the lens of the content-validated Sexual Grooming Model (SGM). The study used archival data from a victim survey of 10,667 cases of alleged CSA within the U.S. Catholic Church. Results revealed the accused clergy frequently used tactics in the gaining access and isolation, trust development, and desensitization stages of the SGM. From the limited data available for the victim selection and post-abuse maintenance stages, the findings showed these tactics were relatively less common. Overall, clergy who were alleged to have committed CSA used tactics consistent with sexual grooming in general, although there were unique aspects of sexual grooming given their institutional role and position.
Outcomes and risk factors of surgical management of thyroid eye disease–related diplopia
Authors: Laezza Maria Paola , Concilio Marina , Giordano Mariapaola , Lanni Vittoria , Iuliano Adriana , Strianese Diego
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the outcomes of strabismus surgery in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) and to assess the influence of preceding treatments such as steroid administration, orbital decompression and radiotherapy.

Methods

Retrospective study on a cohort of patients with TED undergoing strabismus surgery. Data collection included clinical features, smoking status, preceding steroid therapy, orbital radiation therapy and orbital decompression. Qualitative evaluation, assessing diplopia and quality of life and quantitative evaluation, assessing the eye misalignment were analysed 1 year after the last squint surgical procedure.

Results

Seventy-nine patients were identified. Ninety-five surgical procedures were performed on 92 eyes. A significant overall improvement of ocular motility was registered ( p < 0.001, paired t-test). Forty-five (57%) patients had excellent outcomes, twenty-three (29%) had good outcomes and eleven (14%) had poor outcomes. The average number of muscles operated was significantly greater in patients who underwent orbital bone decompression (1.58 ± 0.63; p = 0.0082; 95% CI 1.413–10.214). Quantitative and qualitative outcomes were not associated with the preceding therapy: steroid ( p = 0.75), radiotherapy ( p = 0.95) or orbital bone decompression ( p = 0.25). The success rate was no different between adjustable and fixed sutures ( p = 0.8).

Conclusion

Strabismus surgery in TED patients resulted in a high success rate in reducing diplopia and improving ocular motility. The success rate was not negatively associated with previous therapies. Indeed, resolution of diplopia required more squint procedures in patients who have previously undergone to orbital decompression.
Complement 4 Aids in the Prediction of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Outcome in Patients
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Ling Xiaosui , Li Fan , Yang Tonghua , Shi Keqian , Zhao Shixiang , Yu Liqun , Li Zengzheng , He Haiping
Published: February 2022

Background:

A cure for the heterogeneous hematological malignancy multiple myeloma (MM) is yet to be developed. To date, the early risk factors associated with poor outcomes in MM have not been fully elucidated. Studies have shown an aberrant complement system in patients with MM, but the precise association necessitates elucidation. Therefore, this study scrutinizes the correlation between serum complement level and the disease outcome of patients with MM.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 72 patients with MM (new diagnosis) with complement C4 and C3 along with common laboratory indicators was done. The Pearson χ2 test and the Mann-Whitney U-test were done to evaluate categorical or binary variables and intergroup variance, respectively. Kaplan-Meier test and Cox proportional hazards regression were used for quantification of overall survival (OS) and univariate or multivariate analyses, respectively.

Results:

The Cox proportional hazard model analysis unveiled the following: platelet ⩽115.5 × 109/L (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.522-13.436, P < .001), complement C4 ⩽0.095 g/L(HR = 3.642, 95% CI = 1.486-8.924, P = .005), age ⩾67 years (HR = 0.191, 95% CI = 0.078-0.47, P < .001), and bone marrow plasma cell percentage ⩾30.75% (HR = 0.171, 95% CI = 0.06-0.482, P = .001) can be used as independent predictors of OS. Of these, advanced age, low platelet level, and a high proportion of bone marrow plasma cells have been implicated in poor outcomes in patients with MM. Interestingly, a low complement 4 level can function as a new indicator of poor prognosis in patients with MM.

Conclusion:

Low levels of C4 are indicative of a poor outcome in newly diagnosed patients with MM.
‘I feel so much better in myself’: Exploring meaningful non-erotic outcomes of BDSM participation
Authors: Turley Emma L
Published: February 2022

Although research tends to focus on the sexual and/or erotic aspects of consensual BDSM participation, there are many non-erotic and nonsexual beneficial outcomes arising from participating in BDSM. This research aims to elucidate those other meaningful aspects of BDSM that reach beyond the sexual in order to highlight their salience for BDSM practitioners and to ensure that these non-erotic aspects of BDSM participation are not overlooked. Eleven regular practitioners of consensual BDSM took part in customized in-depth, face to face interviews conducted within an interpretive phenomenological perspective that focused on the lived experiences of consensual BDSM. The template analysis method was used to analyse the data. Findings illustrated that various non-erotic and non-sexual aspects of BDSM are important to practitioners. These elements are necessary and significant to participants’ lived experiences of BDSM and will be discussed in this paper in terms of transformative experiences and demonstrate that BDSM should be studied from a holistic perspective.
The Charter and Social Security Rights: Time to Stand and Deliver?
Authors: Paju Jaan
Published: February 2022

From a standpoint of fundamental rights, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) can be considered as having taken a restrictive approach to social security ever since it ruled in case C-333/13, Dano. The ECJ ruled that the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union does not apply because Regulation 883/2004 only coordinates member states’ social security systems. This has since been raised by national courts in seven further preliminary rulings: case C-647/13, Melchior; case C-408/14, Wojciechowski; case C-284/15, M; case C-89/16, Szoja; case C-447/18, UB; case C-243/19, A; and case C-243/19, CG. In the light of these rulings, this article provides an analysis of social security from a rights perspective. This includes considering and analysing the inherent limitations of the Charter in view of the principle of conferral. The author asks: the Charter and social security rights – time to stand and deliver? If so: deliver what? If not: why not?
An epistemic illumination of the acceptance of advice in Chinese phone-in counseling for family problems
Authors: Peng (彭卓) Zhuo
Published: February 2022

This study, by means of conversation analysis, comprehensively illuminates the advisee’s acceptance of advice in Chinese phone-in counseling for family problems from the perspective of Epistemics, and reveals advisee’s type of management of the epistemic status relationship as well as the epistemic stances during executing the management. The study finds that the advisee tacitly approved of the asymmetric relationship of epistemic status between an adviser and himself/herself when accepting advice; that this type of relationship management can be executed through four kinds of epistemic stances; that these stances actually reflect the advisee’s positioning of asymmetric relationship of knowledge distribution of both parties. This study investigates the acceptance of advice from the perspective of Epistemics, which can extend the theoretical perspective of the researches on responses to advice and give new illumination of the advisory interaction.
Between familism and neoliberalism: the case of Jewish Israeli grandmothers
Authors: Berkovitch Nitza , Manor Shlomit
Published: February 2022

In this article, we employ grandmothers’ childcare as a lens to explore the changing relations between familism, individualism and neoliberalism. More generally, we examine the connections between the political economy and the intimate moral economy of childcare work performed by grandmothers. Based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with twenty retired women in Israel, we examine how they negotiate, comply and resist the expectations that they will help ‘fill in’ the ‘care deficit’ resulting from neoliberal policies and labour market practices. We show how grandmothers navigate between family ideologies and individualistic cultural imperatives, constituting themselves as agentive subjects who can determine the conditions in which they meet their families’ care expectations while challenging the invisibility of their work. Thus, using Israel as a case study, we argue that familism and individualism, working against each other as well as together, create tensions while mediating the political economy and the intimate moral economy based on the love, commitment and ideology of the ‘good mother’. More broadly, we assert that neoliberalism strengthens family and familism and, at the same time, familism facilitates the neoliberal labour market and economy while also freeing the state from having to support families with children.