bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF THE CYCLICAL NITROGEN INJECTION ON THE FINAL COEFFICIENT OF GAS RECOVERY AT DIFFERENT RATES IN THE DEPLETED GAS RESERVOIR
Authors: Kondrat R. M. , Khaidarova L. I.
Published: June 2019

The application of non-hydrocarbon gases with the aim of displacing residual gas from depleted fields is substantiated. Mathematical modeling is carried out of the process of residual gas displacing with nitrogen in the GEM compositional simulating module under the conditions of a hypothetical gas reservoir of circular shape. The said module is a part of the licensed CMG computer program. The effect of the cyclical nature of the aquifer injection nitrogen into depleted gas reservoir at different rates till the final gas recovery coefficient for residual gas is developed. The study concerns different durations of nitrogen injection cycles into the reservoir (6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months) and various correlations of the rates of nitrogen injection and gas production in reservoir conditions of 1:1; 1.5:1; 2:1. During the nitrogen injection into the reservoir, the output wells stopped; whereas after surcease of the nitrogen injection, they were again exploited until the reservoir pressure reached to 0.1 Pprimary. Then the process of cyclic nitrogen injection into the layer continued, until nitrogen break through into the producing wells and its content in the produced products reached 5% vol. The research results were processed in the form of graphical dependencies of reservoir pressure, gas flow rate and gas recovery coefficient for residual gas at the end of the cycle of nitrogen injection into the reservoir as a function of the number of such cycles. The research results indicate a significant effect on the gas recovery coefficient for the residual gas of the duration of the cycle of nitrogen injection into the reservoir and the ratio of rates of nitrogen injection and gas production, with an increase in which the coefficient of gas output gradually decreases. According to the research results, the optimal parameters of the process of nitrogen injection into the reservoir should be chosen on the basis of technological results, as well as technical and economic calculations.
HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING AS ONE OF THE DECISION METHODS FOR THE EFFICIENT DEVELOPMENT OF OIL FIELDS
Authors: Kondrat O. R. , Lukin O. A.
Published: June 2019

Oil production is a complex process that requires modern technologies, work experience and responsible personnel to implement cost-effective projects. Oil field exploitation processes stimulation or modeling is a method for researching exploitation objects on their analogs (models) in order to determine characteristics of available projected objects and make them distinct.
The main objective of this research is to explore possibility and establishment of hydrodynamic stimulation results application effectiveness as a factor for decisions-making concerning oil or gas fields exploitation. The research, regarding optimization of oil field exploitation system, outlined the main directions and possibilities of oil extraction from depleted oil fields enhancement, and the hydrodynamic stimulation process as the main tool for solving such problems.
The study of efficiency of oil and gas field development presupposed developing geological and technological model of a hypothetical deposit with technological indicators of a real Ukraine deposit. The hydrodynamic model was adapted for all wells according to actual data. All geological and technological measures, carried out in the sight, were also modelled. Field exploitation history was adapted. Oil field exploitation system was optimized by improving the reservoir pressure enhancement system in the real field. Different variants of field exploitation were  considered. They include the conversion of the producing well in the injection well, whereas the well in the vaulted part is injected.
DEFICIENT OF THE STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE
Authors: Sydor H. V. , Tkachik O. I.
Published: June 2019

Purpose. Investigation of essence of deficit of the State Budget from the point of view of existing approaches in economic science.
        Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors on the research of the essence of the deficit of the State Budget of Ukraine, Internet resources. In the process of research used general and special methods, in particular: monographic – in the implementation of the literary review of the problem under study; systemic and structural analysis – in substantiating different approaches and different points of view before interpreting the essence of the State Budget deficit as a complex economic category.        Findings. Generalized theoretical developments of domestic and foreign scientists-economists on the interpretation of the «deficit of the State Budget». At the theoretical level, it has been proved that over the entire period of functioning of Ukraine as an independent state there was an excess of the expenditure part of the State Budget over its revenue. Traced causal relationships, which are important reasons for the appearance of a deficit of the State Budget in Ukraine. The research of those scientists considering the definition of «deficit of the State Budget» from positive and negative sides is considered. It was established that it would assess the financing of the position of the state and the country affecting the budget and tax policy of the balance of payments, the state of the monetary system and the internal order, which allows to identify the deficit of the State Budget.       
Originality. It is suggested to trace causal relationships, which are important reasons for the occurrence of the deficit of the State Budget in Ukraine.       
Practical value. The obtained research results are the basis for solving practical problems of the correct scientific approach to understanding this concept at the present stage.
USE OF THE SWOT-ANALYSIS METHODS IN DEVELOPING THE INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Verbovska L. S. , Stepanyuk H. S. , Kushlyk O.
Published: June 2019

The article substantiates the influence of globalization processes on the development of institutions of higher education that take place in the world. The foreign countries universities experience of internationalization processes is considered. The concept of strategic management as an effective technology of higher education institutions management, particularly in the sphere of international activity and the necessity of carrying out the university diagnostics using existing strategic analysis tools, is substantiated. The potential advantages and opportunities provided by the internationalization strategy for the development of domestic institutions of higher education are determined. The development of the university internationalization strategy is based on the development of  students international academic mobility and scientific and pedagogical workers, stimulation of educational programs and scientific researches joint with foreign partners, which ensure the implementation of productive mechanisms for the integration of the higher education domestic institutions into the global scientific and educational environment. The main factors influencing the formation of the internationalization strategy and the principles on which the development of such a strategy for modern universities is based are established. The SWOT-analysis of domestic universities has been conducted and the main results of the research based on the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the international activity of higher education institutions are presented. This methodology of SWOT-analysis during developing the internationalization strategy allows combining the procedure of analytics and the procedure of choosing strategic alternatives. The SWOT-analysis matrix of  strategic alternatives has been used to help the management of  higher education institutions in formulating the internationalization strategy in the field of university international cooperation, which can be applied in such areas as internationalization of educational activities, internationalization of scientific activity, internationalization of social development. The main tasks of internationalization in Ukrainian higher education institutions and the expected results from the implementation of internationalization strategies in domestic universities are singled out.
Book Reviews
Authors: Gray Maggie , Ribbens Kees , Domsch Sebastian , Jones Dyfrig
Published: June 2019

Thierry Groensteen, The Expanding Art of Comics: Ten Modern Masterpieces, trans. Ann Miller (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2017). 240 pp. ISBN: 978-1-49-680802-8 ($65)

Nina Mahrt, Die Darstellung realer Kriege in Comics (Frankfurt: Peter
Lang, 2016). 471 pp. ISBN: 978-3-631-67658-5 (€84.20)

Anna Maria Jones and Rebecca N. Mitchell, eds, Drawing on the Victorians:
The Palimpsest of Victorian and Neo-Victorian Graphic Texts (Athens:
Ohio University Press, 2017). 386 pp. ISBN: 978-0-82-142247-2 ($80)

Chris Murray, The British Superhero (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2017). 240 pp. ISBN: 978-1-49-680737-3 ($65)
Unruptured intracranial aneurysms in children: 18 years’ experience in a tertiary care pediatric institution
Authors: Bisson Daniel-Alexandre , Dirks Peter , Amirabadi Afsaneh , Shroff Manohar M. , Krings Timo , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Muthusami Prakash
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

There are little data in the literature on the characteristics and natural history of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in children. The authors analyzed their experience with unruptured intracranial aneurysms in the pediatric population at their tertiary care pediatric institution over the last 18 years. The first objective was to assess the imaging characteristics and natural history of these aneurysms in order to help guide management strategies in the future. A second objective was to evaluate the frequency of an underlying condition when an incidental intracranial aneurysm was detected in a child.

METHODS

The authors conducted a Research Ethics Board–approved retrospective review of incidental intracranial aneurysms in patients younger than 18 years of age who had been treated at their institution in the period from 1998 to 2016. Clinical (age, sex, syndrome) and radiological (aneurysm location, type, size, thrombus, mass effect) data were recorded. Follow-up imaging was assessed for temporal changes.

RESULTS

Sixty intracranial aneurysms occurred in 51 patients (36 males, 15 females) with a mean age of 10.5 ± 0.5 years (range 9 months–17 years). Forty-five patients (88.2%) had a single aneurysm, while 2 and 3 aneurysms were found in 3 patients each (5.8%). Syndromic association was found in 22 patients (43.1%), most frequently sickle cell disease (10/22 [45.5%]). Aneurysms were saccular in 43 cases (71.7%; mean size 5.0 ± 5.7 mm) and fusiform in the remaining 17 (28.3%; mean size 6.5 ± 2.7 mm). Thirty-one aneurysms (51.7%) arose from the internal carotid artery (right/left 1.4), most commonly in the cavernous segment (10/31 [32.3%]). Mean size change over the entire follow-up of 109 patient-years was a decrease of 0.6 ± 4.2 mm (range −30.0 to +4.0 mm, rate −0.12 ± 9.9 mm/yr). Interval growth (2.0 ± 1.0 mm) was seen in 8 aneurysms (13.3%; 4 saccular, 4 fusiform). An interval decrease in size (8.3 ± 10.7 mm) was seen in 6 aneurysms (10%). There was an inverse relationship between aneurysm size and growth rate (r = −0.82, p < 0.00001). One aneurysm was treated endovascularly with internal carotid artery sacrifice.

CONCLUSIONS

Unruptured pediatric intracranial aneurysms are most frequently single but can occur in multiples in a syndromic setting. None of the cases from the study period showed clinical or imaging signs of rupture. Growth over time, although unusual and slow, can occur in a proportion of these patients, who should be identified for short-term imaging surveillance.
Management of pediatric patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation: transoral anterior release, reduction, and fixation
Authors: Zhu Changrong , Wang Jianhua , Wu Zenghui , Ma Xiangyang , Ai Fuzhi , Xia Hong
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

Although transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) surgery has been confirmed to be safe and effective for adults who have irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD) with or without basilar invagination or upper cervical revision surgery, it is rarely used to treat these disorders in children. The authors of this study aimed to report on the use of the anterior technique in treating pediatric IAAD.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, the authors identified 8 consecutive patients with IAAD who had undergone surgical reduction at a single institution in the period between January 2011 and June 2104. The patients consisted of 5 males and 3 females. Three had os odontoideum, 2 had basilar invagination, and the other 3 experienced atlantoaxial rotatory fixed dislocation (AARFD). They were all treated using transoral anterior release, reduction, and fusion with the TARP. Preoperative and postoperative CT scans and MR images were obtained. American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale grades were determined.

RESULTS

All symptoms were relieved in all 8 patients but to varying degrees. Intraoperative loose reduction and fixation of C1–2 were achieved in one stage. The 4 patients with preoperative neurological deficits were significantly improved after surgery, and their latest follow-ups indicated that their ASIA Impairment Scale grades had improved to E. Postoperative pneumonia occurred in 1 patient but was under complete control after anti-infective therapy and fiber optic–guided sputum suction.

CONCLUSIONS

One-stage transoral anterior release, reduction, and fixation is an effective, reliable, and safe means of treating pediatric IAAD. The midterm clinical results are satisfactory, with the technique eliminating the need for interval traction and/or second-stage posterior instrumentation and fusion.
Morphometric changes at the craniocervical junction during childhood
Authors: Bapuraj Jayapalli Rajiv , Bruzek Amy K. , Tarpeh Jamaal K. , Pelissier Lindsey , Garton Hugh J. L. , Anderson Richard C. E. , Nan Bin , Ma Tianwen , Maher Cormac O.
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

Current understanding of how the pediatric craniocervical junction develops remains incomplete. Measurements of anatomical relationships at the craniocervical junction can influence clinical and surgical decision-making. The purpose of this analysis was to quantitatively define clinically relevant craniocervical junction measurements in a population of children with CT scans that show normal anatomy.

METHODS

A total of 1458 eligible patients were identified from children between 1 and 18 years of age who underwent cervical spine CT scanning at a single institution. Patients were separated by both sex and age in years into 34 groups. Following this, patients within each group were randomly selected for inclusion until a target of 15 patients in each group had been reached. Each patient underwent measurement of the occipital condyle–C1 interval (CCI), pB–C2, atlantodental interval (ADI), basion-dens interval (BDI), basion-opisthion diameter (BOD), basion-axial interval (BAI), dens angulation, and canal diameter at C1. Mean values were calculated in each group. Each measurement was performed by two teams and compared for intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

RESULTS

The data showed that CCI, ADI, BDI, and dens angulation decrease in magnitude throughout childhood, while pB–C2, PADI, BAI, and BOD increase throughout childhood, with an ICC of fair to good (range 0.413–0.912). Notably, CCI decreases continuously on coronal CT scans, whereas on parasagittal CT scans, CCI does not decrease until after age 9, when it shows a continuous decline similar to measurements on coronal CT scans.

CONCLUSIONS

These morphometric analyses establish parameters for normal pediatric craniocervical spine growth for each year of life up to 18 years. The data should be considered when evaluating children for potential surgical intervention.
“YİNE / GENE” SÖZCÜĞÜ ÜZERİNE
Authors: ŞİMŞEK UMAÇ Zeynep
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada

Türkçede kullanım sıklığı oldukça yüksek olan, günümüz Türkiye Türkçesine “yine

/ gene” şeklinde gelmiş sözcükler üzerinde durulmuştur. “Giriş” bölümünde, bu

sözcüklerin anlamları verilmiş, “Yöntem” bölümünden sonra “Bulgular” bölümünde

sözcüklerin tarihi edebî metinlerdeki görünümü seçilen metinlerden yola

çıkılarak örneklendirilmiştir. “Değerlendirme” bölümünde ise çalışmanın temel

problemi olan sorulara cevap aranmıştır.

Ortaya atılan sorular ve bulunan sonuçlar kısaca şöyledir:

1.

Günümüzde kullanılan “yine, gene” ve tarihi dönemlerde karşımıza çıkan “yime/

yeme” şekli aynı sözcüğün ses değişimlerine uğramış şekilleri midir yoksa

farklı kökene ait sözcükler midir? 

-Bu

sözcüklerin farklı kökenlerinin bulunduğu kaynaklarla ortaya konmuştur.

2.

Bu sözcüklerin kullanım ve yayılma alanları nelerdir?

-“Yine”

sözcüğünün yayılma alanı küçük ses değişiklikleriyle bütün Türk dünyası

olurken, “gene” Batı Türkçesine ait bir şekil olarak tespit edilmiştir.

3.

Bu sözcükler cümlede hangi görevde kullanılagelmişlerdir? Sözcük türü olarak

nasıl adlandırılmalıdır?

-Cümlede

içerisinde yaygın olarak zarf görevinde kullanılmış ancak cümle başı edatı

olarak kullanımı da açıklamaya değer bir alan oluşturmuştur.

“Sonuç” kısmında

da Değerlendirmeler bölümünde elde edilen veriler özetlenmiştir.
Models of organizing research data storage and usage: basic principles, processes and implementation mechanisms
Authors: Shokin Yu. I. , Yurchenko A. V.
Published: June 2019

Introduction:Storage and usage of research data become more sophisticated as their quantity and diversity grow. Research data have a number of features which do not allow you to copy the approaches and tools used in commercial or governmental data-processing facilities. Providing researchers with specialized tools for working with data is an urgent task in research management.

Purpose:Identifying and describing the basic principles for working with research data, the processes and stages of this work, the mechanisms for implementing the principles and solving the problems of organizing the storage and usage of research data.

Results:We review and discuss the principles on which the storage and usage of research data can be based, including the FAIR Data Principles. The main goal of organizing the work with research data and the central focus of its principles is the effective use and reuse of this data. We present a hierarchy of mechanisms which can be applied when working with research data for solving scientific and organizational problems. The main processes and lifecycle stages of scientific data and research processes based on them are listed in the article. A number of well-known models of such lifecycles are considered. It is proposed, instead of trying to build a universal model, to use or create models based on the presented list of stages for specific cases or classes of data-driven research.

Practical relevance:The hierarchy of concept classes developed in the work for the field “Organizing the storage and usage of scientific data” will be used as an ontology core, and for the development of regulatory documents, recommendations and information systems supporting data-driven research.
Models of decision support in socio-cyber-physical systems
Authors: Smirnov A. V. , Levashova T. V.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Socio-cyber-physical systems are complex non-linear systems. Such systems display emergent properties. Involvement of humans, as a part of these systems, in the decision-making process contributes to overcoming the consequences of the emergent system behavior, since people can use their experience and intuition, not just the programmed rules and procedures.

Purpose: Development of models for decision support in socio-cyber-physical systems.

Results: A scheme of decision making in socio-cyber-physical systems, a conceptual framework of decision support in these systems, and stepwise decision support models have been developed. The decision-making scheme is that cybernetic components make their decisions first, and if they cannot do this, they ask humans for help. The stepwise models support the decisions made by components of socio-cyber-physical systems at the conventional stages of the decision-making process: situation awareness, problem identification, development of alternatives, choice of a preferred alternative, and decision implementation. The application of the developed models is illustrated through a scenario for planning the execution of a common task for robots.

Practical relevance: The developed models enable you to design plans on solving tasks common for system components or on achievement of common goals, and to implement these plans. The models contribute to overcoming the consequences of the emergent behavior of socio-cyber-physical systems, and to the research on machine learning and mobile robot control.
Nested code sequences of Barker — Mersenne — Raghavarao
Authors: Sergeev M. B. , Nenashev V. A. , Sergeev A. M.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The problem of noise-free encoding for an open radio channel is of great importance for data transfer. The results presented in this paper are aimed at stimulating scientific interest in new codes and bases derived from quasi-orthogonal matrices, as a basis for the revision of signal processing algorithms.

Purpose: Search for new code sequences as combinations of codes formed from the rows of Mersenne and Raghavarao quasi-orthogonal matrices, as well as complex and more efficient Barker — Mersenne — Raghavarao codes.

Results: We studied nested code sequences derived from the rows of quasi-orthogonal cyclic matrices of Mersenne, Raghavarao and Hadamard, providing estimates for the characteristics of the autocorrelation function of nested Barker, Mersenne and Raghavarao codes, and their combinations: in particular, the ratio between the main peak and the maximum positive and negative “side lobes”. We have synthesized new codes, including nested ones, formed on the basis of quasi-orthogonal matrices with better characteristics than the known Barker codes and their nested constructions. The results are significant, as this research influences the establishment and development of methods for isolation, detection and processing of useful information. The results of the work have a long aftermath because new original code synthesis methods need to be studied, modified, generalized and expanded for new application fields.

Practical relevance: The practical application of the obtained results guarantees an increase in accuracy of location systems, and detection of a useful signal in noisy background. In particular, these results can be used in radar systems with high distance resolution, when detecting physical objects, including hidden ones.
Dynamics of convective upwelling of large-scale weakly heated atmospheric aggregates
Authors: Chernogor L. F.
Published: June 2019

Equations for the center-of-mass speed of the parcel of heated air, the mass of the entrained cool air, and the resulting buoyancy of the entire air aggregate have been used to obtain exact and approximate relations for describing height and temporal dependences of the characteristic radius, the excess relative temperature, and a weakly heated large-scale (hundreds of meters and greater) air aggregate convective upwelling. It is shown that the excess temperature relaxation in the air aggregate occurs quickly, the aggregate radius increases slowly and insignificantly. The variations in the center-of-mass speed of the aggregate are not monotonous. First, the speed increases from zero to a maximum value, and then it decreases to zero. Numerical simulations have been performed for the case of interest to practical applications.
Satellite monitoring of wildfire impacts on the conditions of various types of vegetation cover in the federal districts of the Russian Federation
Authors: Bondur V. G. , Tsidilina M. N. , Cherepanova E. V.
Published: June 2019

Here we present the results of the analysis of multi-year satellite data series collected by Terra/Aqua (6 collections of MCD64A1 “Burned Area” monthly product) and Landsat satellites to assess the dynamics of vegetation affected by wildfires for the whole territory of Russia and its regions. An approach to use remote sensing and geoinformatic methods to monitor wildfire impacts on the conditions of various types of vegetation without involving in-situ data has been suggested. The capability to apply the normalized burned area index for the assessment of vegetation damage degree and recovering character using low-resolution satellite data has been demonstrated. It was established that between 2002 and 2017, 68.40 to 234.46 thousand km2 of vegetation cover had been burned out in Russia annually. Seasonal peaks of fire activity, laws of spatial distribution of fire sites, and main types of burned out vegetation for each of 8 Russian federal districts have been revealed. The accuracy of determination of burned out areas based on low-resolution (500 m) data using mid-resolution (30 m) data was 75–81% depending on the used data product.
Flow diagrams for tribological testing of transport engineering units
Authors: Glazunov D. V
Published: June 2019

Tests on full-scale units at the present level of development of transport engineering is not always appropriate due to their long duration, which is unacceptably delays the use of new lubricants. The development and use of model plants, stands and full-scale units allow for the shortest possible time to get a fairly reliable assessment of the most important performance properties of lubricants. The purpose of the study is to review the existing modern technological schemes of transport engineering on the example of rail transport units, allowing to study the processes of friction in lubrication conditions. The article describes five main schemes of possible tests: four-ball, Timken scheme, Falex scheme, Almen-Wieland scheme, SAE scheme. The classical and modernized technological schemes of tribotechnical testing of rail transport units used in our country and abroad, corresponding to the main test schemes are considered. Examined the device and principle of operation of the machine the four-ball friction CCT-1, the machine friction AI 5018, stand for tribological research on the basis of bench drilling machine, HC-12, the test stand simulating the operation modes of the system wheel - rail, developed by the Research and technology centre of the German Railways DBAG (FTZ) in cooperation with the companies Renk (Augsburg), and IABG (Ottobrunn). With the aim of improving existing technologies, the proposed test stand, wheel-rail tribosystem, allowing to simulate technology lubricatio grebnevsky systems on the railway transport. Technological feature of this stand is that the model of the wheel flange makes a small vertical and horizontal return movement that mimics the natural movement of the wheel flange during the movement of rolling stock during the application of the lubricant.
Molecular Biomarkers of Response to PD-1/ PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Advanced Bladder Cancer
Authors: Tu Megan M. , Ng Terry L. , De Jong Florus C. , Zuiverloon Tahlita C.M. , Fazzari Francesco G.T. , Theodorescu Dan
Published: June 2019

Background:

The activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced bladder cancer (BC) is promising for many patients. However, a subset of patients do not benefit from treatment, thus leading to an effort to better identify predictive molecular biomarkers of response.

Objective:

To conduct a systematic review of the literature on predictive molecular biomarkers associated with response to PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced bladder cancer, defined as locally-advanced, unresectable, or metastatic (mBC) disease.

Methods:

A search of the literature was performed using Embase (1947 – January 2019), Medline (1946 – January 2019), and EBM Reviews for Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (as of December 2018). Studies examining the association of molecular biomarkers with clinical outcome in BC treated with PD-1 or PD-L1 monotherapy were included. Outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response, and objective response rate (ORR).

Results:

Using the study search criteria, 899 unique abstract citations were found, of which 834 did not meet the eligibility criteria. Full text of the remaining 65 citations were screened, and 50 studies excluded, including 18 review articles. Eight additional studies from the bibliography of the review papers were included, making a total of 23 studies. Five PD-1 / PD-L1 antibodies have been tested in BC immunohistochemistry (IHC). These studies used different expression scoring criteria and generally had poor ability to discriminate likelihood for response. Overall, the data suggests CD8+ T cell infiltration is necessary to mediate an antitumor immune response, but other immune cell populations, such as neutrophils may suppress T cell-mediated immunity and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. An IFN γ signature is a promising predictor, but there needs to be consensus on the optimal gene panel composition, and prospective validation. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a promising predictor in six studies reporting on 1200 patients, but there is not a consensus on the optimal definition of “high TMB”. Detection of T cell receptor (TCR) clonal expansion has only been conducted in small studies and so its predictive value remains inconclusive. Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) are associated with poor prognosis and possibly intrinsic resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade, but more work needs to be done to build upon and confirm the initial findings.

Conclusions:

Currently no molecular biomarker is sufficiently mature for routine clinical use, while some candidates, or a combination show great promise and need further study.
Antagonistic effects of phenolic extracts of Chokeberry pomace on E. coli O157: H7 but not on probiotic and normal bacterial flora
Authors: Aditya Arpita , Alvarado-Martinez Zabdiel , Nagarajan Vinod , Peng Mengfei , Biswas Debabrata
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is still a major foodborne bacterial infectious agent in the USA and causes both diarrheal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). As antibiotic therapy is not an option, appropriate antimicrobial or inhibitor against EHEC colonization/infections is urgently needed.

OBJECTIVE:

Develop an appropriate natural antimicrobial and stimulate host defense to control foodborne illnesses with EHEC.

METHOD:

We investigated the role of chokeberry ( Aronia melanocarpa) pomace (byproducts) extract (CPE) on growth and survival of EHEC EDL-933, probiotics specifically Lactobacillus, and other common gut bacterial flora including Streptococcus thermophilus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis. We also tested the effects of CPE on physicochemical properties, host cells-EHEC interactions, and expression of various virulence genes of EHEC.

RESULTS:

The growth of EHEC EDL-933 was reduced by 4 logs in the presence of 0.5 mg GAE/mL CPE at 5 hr while this concentration promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and common gut bacterial flora, S. thermophillus, E. faealis and B. subtilis. The abilities of EHEC to attach and invade host intestinal epithelial (INT-407) cells were also reduced significantly ( p < 0.05) which was supported by alternation physiological properties of EHEC and virulence genes expression.

CONCLUSION:

These results suggest that CPE has the potential to be an effective therapeutic/preventive for EHEC EDL-933 without affecting the common gut microflora and probiotics.
RETRACTED: Comprehensive evaluation analysis of mental health status of poverty-stricken college students at present age with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information
Authors: Dong Yile
Published: June 2019

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked “RETRACTED”. A retraction notice is available at https://doi.org/10.3233/IFS-219217.
Mathematic simulation of atomic structure of multicomponent oxide-fluoride melt for continuous casting machines
Authors: Dyul’dina E. V. , Selivanov V. N. , Leont’ev L. I. , Gel’chinskii B. R.
Published: June 2019

Determination of relation between oxides melts properties, based on silicates and calcium alum-silicates and magnesium and their chemical composition and structure is an important condition to provide a rational slag mode in a continuous casting machines mold. A mathematical simulation of slag melts and casting powders accomplished. The oxide-fluoride system was chosen for the simulation, for which the structure after solidification was determined by experiment. Results of molecular-dynamic simulation of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–Na2O–K2O–CaF2–FeO system, correspondent to industrial casting powders composition, used during steel casting for slag formation in a CCM mold (35.35 % SiO2; 30.79 % CaO; 8.58 % Al2O3; 1.26 % MgO; 13.73 % CaF2; 7.57 % Na2O; 0.88 % K2O; 1.82 % FeO). Taking into account the concentration, a re-calculation was accomplished to mole shares and correspondent number of ions in the model for each component calculated. Simulation of the 8-component oxide-fluoride melt with 2003 ions size in the main cube (a side length of 31.01 Å) was accomplished at the experimentally determined temperature of solidification onset (1257 K) under periodic boundary conditions and fixed volume. The Coulomb interaction was taken into account by the Ewald–Hansen method. The time step was 0.05t0, where t0 = 7,608×10–14 sec is the internal unit of time. The melt density was taken as 3.04 g/cm3 based on the experimental data. The inter-particle interaction potentials were chosen in the Born–Mayer form. According to the simulation results, the structure of sub-crystalline groups of atoms present in the melt at the temperature of the onset of solidification was determined. A discussion of the simulation results and their comparison with the literature data presented.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Missed Opportunities Vaksinasi Program Pengembangan Imunisasi (PPI) pada Anak Berusia Kurang dari Tiga Tahun di Kecamatan Sukarame Palembang
Authors: Amalia Almira Nur , Iriani Yulia , Lestari Hertanti Indah
Published: June 2019

Segala kontak dengan pelayanan kesehatan dimana anak tetap tidak mendapatkan vaksinasi yang dibutuhkan padahal anak tersebut memenuhi syarat untuk divaksinasi disebut missed opportunities vaksinasi (MOV). MOV terbukti menjadi salah satu penyebab rendahnya cakupan imunisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya MOV di Kecamatan Sukarame sebagai salah satu kecamatan di Kota Palembang dengan cakupan imunisasi rendah. Penelitian dengan model potong lintang dilakukan di pelayanan kesehatan primer milik pemerintah di Kecamatan Sukarame. Dilakukan wawancara pada 134 orang tua/wali dari anak yang berusia kurang dari 3 tahun yang datang ke pelayanan kesehatan. Kartu imunisasi dilihat untuk menentukan status imunisasi anak. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya MOV dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu orang tua, petugas kesehatan, dan sistem imunisasi. Uji chi-square digunakan untuk analisis statistik.  Didapatkan 71(53%) anak berstatus imunisasi lengkap sesuai jadwal, 42 (31,3%) lengkap tidak sesuai jadwal, 15 (11,2%) tidak lengkap, dan 6 (4,5%) belum pernah mendapatkan imunisasi. Lima puluh satu (38,1%) mengalami missed opportunities yang berkaitan dengan faktor sistem imunisasi (47%) dan faktor petugas kesehatan (43%). Anak dengan orang tua yang tidak memiliki akses ke media informasi lebih banyak mengalami missed opportunity dibanding orang tua yang memiliki akses [RP : 2,57(IK95%:1,475-4,431)]. Lebih dari sepertiga anak mengalami MOV. Faktor terbesar yang mempengaruhi MOV adalah sistem imunisasi dan petugas kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan sistem imunisasi dan pelatihan tentang imunisasi secara berkala perlu dilakukan agar dapat meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi.
Fruits, Vegetable and Plants Category Recognition Systems Using Convolutional Neural Networks : A Review
Authors: Devi S Srivalli , Geetha A.
Published: June 2019

This paper reviews the systems and methods that have been employed in the recognition of the fruits, vegetables and other plant parts or the entire plant itself .Deep learning algorithms are the current trend in computer vision applications and are broadly employed in agricultural domains for identification of plants and its parts, soil type classification, water resources, harvesting prediction and in fertilizer and pest management. The deep learning algorithm CNN and its types are used widely in current research fields. Higher accuracies are obtained for the detection of plants parts such as leaves and fruits. This can be applied in the field of robotics, agriculture and in some medicinal industries where identification of plants, its parts and where weed detection is necessary. Plant identification is of great value to the agriculturists and medical industries which wants to automate.
A Study on Ajax in Web Applications to improve Usability of Online Systems
Authors: Gaddale Saritha Bai , Parimala S.
Published: June 2019

In olden days the web technology was using HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) for creating web pages. The AJAX has changed the traditional paradigm of Web development by giving partial page update facility. Ajax is short-form of Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. It is a bundle of technologies that combined together to create new, dynamic, responsive and powerful web applications. Most of the giant internet-based companies such as Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and Amazon etc. are developing web applications based on Ajax. Even though major internet based companies working with Ajax, there is still ignorance about this technology among many developers. Many developers find it difficult to handle those bundle of technologies to build Ajax application.
Large-Scale Machine Learning on Debugging Machine Learning Systems
Authors: Ravikumar K. , Maheswaran M.
Published: June 2019

A computation indicated applying Tensor Movement may be accomplished with minimum modify on a wide selection of heterogeneous methods, including cellular devices such as for example devices and pills around large-scale spread methods of a huge selection of products and 1000s of computational units such as for example GPU cards. Even with arrangement, it's frequent to find out restrictions of the design or improvements in the goal notion that necessitate improvements to working out information and parameters. But, by nowadays, there's number frequent knowledge by what these iterations contain, or what debugging resources are required to help the investigative process. As more information becomes accessible, more formidable issues may be tackled. Consequently, device understanding is commonly utilized in pc technology and different fields. But, establishing effective device understanding programs involves an amazing level of "dark art" that's difficult to find in textbooks. This short article summarizes a dozen critical classes that device understanding scientists and practitioners have learned. These calculations are useful for numerous applications like information mining, picture running, predictive analytics, etc. to call a few. The key benefit of applying device understanding is that, when an algorithm finds what direction to go with information, it may do their function automatically.
The Effectiveness of Posters as a Learning Media to Improve Student Learning Quality.
Authors: Harsono Harsono , Yulia Rosanti Susi , Abu Seman Noor Aslinda
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study is to identify the importance of poster as a learning media that can be utilized in learning activities. It also aims to explore the learning outcomes of students who use poster as learning media. In Indonesia, high school students are not allowed to carry a mobile phone, while the school on the other hand, does not provide enough computers for all students. The school computer laboratory could only cater for students need interchangeably. Therefore, teachers in schools choose other media that they think are effective, such as poster media. The poster media was seemed very relevant and appropriate to improve the quality of learning and student achievement. This study involved both qualitative and quantitative research method through Four-D model (Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination) that used for the learning material development. The data was collected through interview with two experts and experimental research design among two groups of students. The qualitative data were analyzed and the experimental data was tested using T-test statistical analysis. The learning outcomes with poster as learning media showed the mean values of the control and experimental groups were, respectively, 60.97 and 85.86. It indicated the difference in learning outcomes of 24.89. The produced poster was also assessed by media experts and curriculum experts. This study recommended that poster is very feasible and relevant to be utilized as a form of learning media in improving quality of learning and engagement with students.
Human Capital Efficiency and Financial Performance: Empirical Evidence of Malaysian Public Companies.
Authors: Rahim Azlina , Kamaluddin Amrizah , Atan Ruhaya
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the relationship between human capital efficiency and financial performance of Malaysian public companies. Using accounting data, this study reviewed the annual reports of Malaysian companies for a period of thirteen years from 2000 to 2012. The study applied Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) methodology developed by Ante Pulic to determine the human capital efficiency of a company. The regression models was construct to examine the relationship between human capital efficiency and financial performance measures including return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE).The results revealed that human capital efficiency has significant and positive relationships with financial performance. The human capital efficiency is seen as a value driver for a company’s competitiveness. Hence, the findings of this study should help companies’ managers to make better decision pertaining to investment of their strategic asset that is human capital.
Board of Directors and Environmental Reporting: Evidence From Plantation Industry.
Authors: Siman Raudah , Fadhilah Ismail Rina , Aziz@ Omar Zanariah , Mohd Zam Zuraidahq
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the extent of environmental reporting by listed firms in the plantation industry in Malaysia. The relationship between board characteristics and the extent of environmental reporting by listed firms in Malaysia plantation industry is examined for the first three years after the issuance of the new revised Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance in 2012 (MCCG 2012). Three board characteristics have been used to explain the level of environmental reporting by Malaysia’s plantation industry firms. The correlation analysis is employed to investigate the relationship between the board characteristics and environmental reporting. This study employs a content analysis method by reviewing 110 annual reports consisting of 37 firms listed in Bursa Malaysia for three years (2013-2015). The result reports that most of the board characteristics are not significantly related to environmental reporting by the firms. Out of six measurements, only the environmental related expenses have a positive relationship with environmental reporting. The results from this study may provide knowledge and empirical understanding concerning the environmental reporting practices by the plantation industry. The policy makers and regulatory bodies such as Bursa Malaysia and Securities Commission may consider formulating guidelines for reporting environmental information to encourage voluntary compliance.
DEVELOPMENT OF MODERNIZED GAS BURNER DEVICE OF SERIES GS-M FOR TUNNEL KILNS OF CERAMIC BRICK FIRING
Authors: Torchinskij A.I. , Andreev S.K.
Published: June 2019

On the basis of gas-burning devices of the GS series, new devices have been developed, in which gas channels are installed for operation in the mode of maximum or minimum flame length. This allows to increase the stability of the flame at low temperatures of the working space (below the natural gas ignition temperature), which in turn provides an increase in the economic performance of the tunnel kiln firing ceramic bricks. Bibl. 5, Fig. 2.
室内环境艺术设计中的生态理念及其应用
Authors: 俞 小庆
Published: June 2019

随着我国经济的飞速发展，建筑行业的发展前景十分广阔，室内设计的行业前景受此蓬勃发展也相得益彰。人民生活水平逐渐上升，他们对室内居住环境的质量要求也随之上涨，这正迎合了室内环境艺术设计的行业发展，其艺术设计中的绿色环保理念普及性也与日俱增，呈现出较为生态环保的应用状况。根据以上分析，文章将对引进生态理念的环境艺术设计在室内中的应用进行研讨。
公路工程路桥施工中混凝土施工技术分析
Authors: 王 朝
Published: June 2019

随着我国公路桥梁建造项目的不断增多，对混凝土作业技术提出了极高的标准。混凝土作业技术在整体混凝土作业中拥有相当关键的作用，也是确保公路桥梁项目的作业质量与整体质量的重要方法。因此，公路工程路桥施工单位必须要不断增强自身的混凝土施工技术水平，并充分结合现代化的混凝土施工技术，从而保证公路桥梁混凝土施工质量，为公路桥梁的使用安全提供有效的保障，进一步促进我国公路建设行业的健康发展。
精细化管理在灌注桩多机种群机作业中的应用
Authors: 王 佳乐
Published: June 2019

随着社会主义市场经济的不断快速发展，我国的经济建设取得了卓著成就，人们的生活也发生着翻天覆地的变化。在建筑设计愈发完善的背景之下，如何才能够最大限度的发挥施工管理过程之中精细化管理的作用，提高房建工程的施工质量，已经成为具有时代意义的课题。北京新机场旅客航站楼及综合换乘中心工程，中央指廊及两侧轨道交通护坡桩及基础桩施工管理引入了精细化管理的理念，以“精确、细化、深入、规范”为特征的全面管理模式。在施工中取得了良好的效果。
Las hoyas de Guadix y Baza.
Authors: Sorroche Cuerva Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2019

Resumen no disponible
Convivencias. El patrimonio arqueológico en la casa de la juventud de Lebrija.
Authors: Quirós Esteban Cruz Agustina
Published: June 2019

Resumen no disponible
Nephrotherapy Determination of Ethanol Extract of African Leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Delile) on with the Parameter of Male Rat Urea Induced by Gentamisin
Authors: Azizah Rizqi Nur , Santi Irma , Marlian Ayu
Published: June 2019

African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Delile.) contain flavonoids having an antioxidant activities. The research aimed to determine the nephrotherapy effect of the ethanolic extract of African leaves with the parameter of male rat urea (Rattus norvegicus) induced by gentamicin. The research used 18 rats divided into 6 groups consisting of group I as the normal group, group Il the Negative Control (gentamicin 80 mg I kgBW), group Ill the Positive Contfol (amino acid supplement), group IV, V, and VI given the ethanol extract of African leaves, each dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW. The induction of gentamicin 80 mg/kg BW was administered for eight days and the therapy for the ethanol extract of African leaves for fourteen days. The research data were statistically analyzed using the ANOVA test followed by the Post Hoc LSD test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of African leaves had the nephrotherapy effects in reducing the urea in male rat induced by gentamicin.