bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Otto Neurath : la force d’une pensée constructiviste du possible contre le déclinisme
Authors: Soulez Antonia
Published: June 2024

Neurath est une figure de proue du Cercle de Vienne, qui a donné à son « mouvement » une orientation sociopolitique originale sans laquelle le programme de la « Conception scientifique du monde » est incomplet. La présentation du Cercle de Vienne est abordée comme un mouvement centré sur une controverse uniquement focalisée sur la question des énoncés élémentaires ou protocoles qui se tiennent au fondement du langage des sciences, reste partielle. Pour rendre complet ce mouvement de philosophie, la présentation des engagements de Neurath en tant que philosophe social dans le champ du langage de la connaissance est nécessaire. Dans ce but, il convient de mentionner les lignes de force qui ont orienté les applications et actions pratiques de l’ingénieur social – aspects perdus de vue après l’émigration du Cercle – que ce philosophe a voulu être également. D’où l’importance de l’étude « Anti-Spengler » (1921) qui laisse aussi entendre une voix d’éducateur inspiré.
Comment lire le « Phédon » ?
Authors: Ebert Theodor
Published: June 2024

Dans cet article, je discute deux passages du Phédon de Platon : 91e-92e, c’est-à-dire le premier argument opposé par Socrate à la thèse de l’âme-harmonie soutenue par Simmias ; 74e-75c, qui fait partie de l’argument de la réminiscence. Cette discussion vise à montrer que Platon fait en sorte que ses personnages, Socrate et Simmias, suivent des stratégies argumentatives différentes, fondées sur des niveaux de compréhension différents. Je soutiens en outre qu’en lisant les passages en question comme des jeux dialectiques impliquant deux partenaires on s’aperçoit qu’une certaine doctrine attribuée à Platon, en l’occurrence ce qu’on appelle la théorie de la réminiscence, ne faisait pas partie, en réalité, de son credo philosophique.
Être, puissance, communication
Authors: Gavray Marc-Antoine
Published: June 2024

En Sophiste, 247d8-e4, l’Étranger d’Élée pose un horos de l’étant comme « puissance d’agir et de subir (δύναμις τοῦ ποιεῖν καὶ τοῦ παθεῖν) ». L’objectif que se fixe cet article est d’envisager quel sens donner à cet horos et quelle valeur accorder à la dunamis dans ce dialogue. D’une comparaison avec d’autres occurrences dans le corpus platonicien (Phèdre et Théétète), il ressort que le Sophiste amène un double déplacement : d’une part il fait passer la question de la dunamis sur le champ de l’Être d’une manière inédite, d’autre part son protagoniste n’attribue plus la formule à Hippocrate ou à Protagoras, mais il la présente comme le moyen, qu’il s’apprête à défendre, de sortir d’une impasse. Par une lecture des arguments qui annoncent et qui suivent cet horos, il apparaît que celui-ci possède une grande efficacité pour la compréhension de la structure du dialogue et de l’évolution de son argumentation. En même temps qu’il sert à définir l’Être, il permet d’expliquer le fonctionnement de la koinonia des Genres et de jeter les bases de la théorie du non-être. En définitive, il se révèle être un truchement opérant pour dépasser définitivement la sophistique en lui substituant une véritable ontologie philosophique.
Liberal Arts and RecollectionIn Augustine’s ‘Confessions’, X (ix 16-xii 19)
Authors: Castagnoli Luca
Published: June 2024

En examinant, au livre X des Confessions, notre memoria des arts libéraux, Augustin pose une série de questions stimulantes. La meilleure façon de les aborder est de les envisager dans le contexte plus large de ses idées sur ce que c’est qu’enseigner, apprendre, comprendre, acquérir un savoir. Pour être emmagasinés dans notre mémoire (un réceptacle ni matériel ni spatial, souvent dépeint métaphoriquement au moyen d’images spatiales), les contenus propres aux arts libéraux n’ont pas à passer par l’intermédiaire d’images (comme les objets des sens) ou de « notions » (comme les affections de l’âme). Quand nous étudions les disciplinae liberales, en réalité nous n’assimilons pas une nouvelle information délivrée par nos maîtres : leurs paroles déclenchent en nous un processus par lequel nous retrouvons, dans les « profondeurs » les plus éloignées de notre mémoire, des contenus qui y étaient déjà présents de façon latente depuis notre naissance (je traite la question de savoir ce que pourraient être exactement ces contenus). À la différence de ses écrits antérieurs, dans les Con­fessions, Augustin évite soigneusement les expressions qui pourraient suggérer une véritable réminiscence platonicienne, portant sur des choses connues dans des vies antérieures avant d’être oubliées, présupposant ainsi la préexistence et la réincarnation de l’âme (même la thèse que cogitare consiste littéralement à « se remémorer » n’implique pas qu’on se rappelle un savoir oublié). Je soutiens que pour Augustin l’illumination divine (telle qu’elle est présentée, p. ex., dans le De magistro et le De Trinitate) et la réminiscence ne sont pas deux théories concur­rentes et incompatibles, mais deux ensembles de métaphores cohérents, quoique dif­férents, destinés à illustrer des idées et des intuitions apparentées entre elles (parfois insuffisamment déterminées dans le détail). J’explique également pour­quoi la métaphore de l’illumination semble en dernière analyse la plus appro­priée.
Women as an (Un)Tapped Resource for Italy's Corporate Boards, 1983-2017
Authors: Rinaldi Alberto , Tagliazucchi Giulia
Published: June 2024

Corporate boards have been male bastions until very recently, and women have been very few and difficult to track. In Italy, this has given rise to growing debates that have eventually led to the introduction of mandatory gender quotas for listed and state-participated (L&SP) firms under public control in 2011. In this chapter, the authors address this topic by investigating the presence of women among the directors of the top 250 Italian joint-stock companies from 1983 to 2017. In 1983, women were still nearly absent from Italian corporate boards. Their number showed a sizeable increase only in the 21st century, especially after the introduction of mandatory gender quotas. Quotas not only increased female presence on boards of L&SP firms, but also triggered an indirect “contagion effect”, that is, a higher proportion of women on boards of non-L&SP firms, even if the latter were not required to comply with this regulation. The massive increase in seats held by women led to a professionalization of female directors in Italy, even though women are still largely excluded from top executive positions.
Navigating Uncertainty
Authors: Gharbi Kamel Mahmood , Ayari Asma
Published: June 2024

The industry and government leadership are changing, requiring creative and flexible strategies to overcome uncertainty in the face of internal and external transformations. This chapter examines the positions of women in the face of organisational instability, emphasising their growing representation in leadership positions. The work explores the role of women's leadership styles in effectively managing uncertainty, with a focus on their influence on decision-making and innovation, especially in dynamic situations. The chapter highlights the interconnectedness of gender, race, and ethnicity, providing practical examples and concrete recommendations for scholars, researchers, and professionals. Advocating for gender-inclusive leadership approaches encourages the use of varied leadership styles to succeed in unpredictable circumstances. In the end, it helps to promote gender equality and achieve corporate success in uncertain circumstances.
Green Cloud Computing
Authors: Tyagi Amit Kumar , Cherian Aswathy K. , Tiwari Shrikant
Published: June 2024

Green cloud computing has emerged as a critical area of research and development in response to the escalating environmental impact of traditional data centers. This chapter investigates the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of environmentally sustainable practices in cloud computing. The ever-growing demand for computational resources necessitates a paradigm shift towards more energy-efficient and eco-friendly solutions. The opportunities presented by green cloud computing lie in the potential to significantly reduce carbon footprints and energy consumption. The integration of renewable energy sources, energy-efficient hardware, and optimized resource allocation techniques contribute to minimizing the environmental impact of cloud infrastructure. Additionally, the implementation of virtualization and consolidation strategies enhances server utilization, further improving energy efficiency. However, the realization of these opportunities is accompanied by a set of challenges.
Safety and Efficacy of Newer Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists in the Management of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Single-Center Ambispective Study from South India
Authors: Ramesh Rithvik , Ranganathan Lakshmi Narasimhan , Raguraman Sriram , Jayakumar Kamlesh , Rajamanoharan Braveen , Loganathan Varun Kishore , Hazeena Philo , Shanmugam Sundar , Avadhani Deepa , Sankar Karthik
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) poses a rare but life-threatening challenge, warranting meticulous treatment approaches. Traditional therapy involves Vitamin K Antagonists (VKAs), but Newer Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) offer potential advantages. This study addresses a crucial knowledge gap in the Indian context, analyzing real-world data to guide CVT management decisions.

Methods:

A single-center, ambispective cohort study included consecutive adult CVT patients. Data collection encompassed demographics, clinical data, imaging, and treatment details. Patients were categorized into VKA and NOAC groups. Outcomes measured recanalization status, functional outcomes, bleeding events, and adverse drug reactions.

Results:

Among 181 enrolled patients, NOACtreated (Group B) individuals had significantly higher rates of complete recanalization (58.5% vs. 31.1%) with a similar incidence of adverse events and also displayed better functional outcomes at weeks 8 and 12 compared to VKA-treated (Group A) patients. Recurrent thromboembolic events were absent in both groups during follow-up.

Conclusion:

This study highlights NOACs' potential advantages in CVT management, including improved functional outcomes, enhanced recanalization, and similar bleeding risk. Adverse events were milder with NOACs. While acknowledging limitations, these findings support NOACs as a promising alternative to VKAs, advancing CVT care and outcomes.
Comparative Efficacy of Saroglitazar and Pioglitazone in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Bayesian Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Sinha Binayak , Ghosal Samit , Datta Debasis
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with metabolic syndrome. Two drugs, saroglitazar (S) and pioglitazone (P), are known to have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome. This Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to compare the relative efficacy of these two drugs in NAFLD patients.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic search of the Cochrane Library database yielded 12 randomized prospective studies for this NMA. R version 4.2.3 (64-bit) and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 4 were used to analyze the data. Selection bias was screened with a funnel plot, and publication bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used as an effect size estimate, and the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value was used to rank S and P in comparison to placebo.

Results:

This NMA was conducted on a pooled population of 930 patients (379 receiving P, 159 receiving S, and 392 receiving placebo) diagnosed with NAFLD either by liver biopsy or radiologically along with transaminase estimation. S (alanine transaminase [ALT] [SMD −4.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) −7.46–−1.02], aspartate transaminase [AST] [SMD − 2.28, 95% CI −3.93–−0.62], and GGT [SMD −4.37, 95% CI − 7.43–−1.30]) and P (ALT [SMD −0.50 95% CI − 0.66–−0.34], AST [SMD − 0.42 95% CI − 0.59–−0.25], and GGT [SMD −1.42, 95% CI − 2.44–−0.41]) showed comparable improvement in inflammatory markers and the SUCRA score between the S and P groups, respectively. There was an impressive improvement in the NAS score by a ≥ 2-point reduction in both the saroglitazar (SMD −0.59, 95% CI − 0.98–−0.20) and the pioglitazone groups (SMD −0.49, 95% CI − 0.83–−0.15), and the SUCRA scores were comparable (0.80 for the S group versus 0.67 for the P group). P and S could not be compared with SUCRA values in view of significant heterogeneity differences concerning steatosis and lobular inflammation. S (SMD −0.77 95% CI − 1.16–−0.38) and P (SMD − 0.54, 95% CI −0.78–−0.30) were comparable in the improvement of hepatic ballooning (0.89 for the S group versus 0.60 for the P group).

Conclusion:

The efficacy of saroglitazar in improving hepatic markers and prominent biopsy parameters in NAFLD patients is comparable to that of pioglitazone.
Evaluation of Patient-facing Health Application Features to Support Self-management of People Living with Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – A Health-care Professional Perspective
Authors: Kesavadev Jothydev , Gala Vishal , Roetschke Julia
Published: June 2024

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a significant chronic disease worldwide. Effective self-management is essential for optimal glycemic control and preventing long-term complications in people with DM (PWD). In recent years, e-health applications have emerged to support the self-management of individuals with type 2 DM (T2DM) in particular regarding the evaluation of blood glucose (BG) levels. However, numerous challenges still exist.

Aims and Objectives:

This questionnaire-based study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding a novel e-health application to monitor BG levels using a smartphone camera that is designed for individuals with prediabetes or T2DM in low- and middle-income countries.

Materials and Methods:

An open-ended questionnaire guide was used to investigate the PWD’s needs from a health-care professional’s (HCP) perspective and the challenges that could be addressed by new features of the health application. Responses were graded on a 5-point ordinal scale and evaluated to identify advantages, disadvantages, and suggestions to improve the proposed features.

Results:

The HCPs highlighted the application’s simplicity and convenience of use, the mobile device-based measurement of BG ranges, the step-by-step guided features, and lifestyle advice. They suggested improvements such as a one-step handling approach and quantitative versus qualitative BG level assessment.

Conclusion:

It is expected that younger and technologically proficient individuals with T2DM will benefit the most from this application. However, further research is necessary to assess how the proposed features affect individuals’ empowerment in managing diabetes and the distress associated with the burden of self-management.
Modified technique for repositioning dislocated polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses with eyelets
Authors: Gao Yan , Xing Xiaoli , Zheng Kunkun , Wan Lei
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to describe a modified technique for internal refixation of dislocated scleral-sutured polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOLs) with eyelets. Three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed. Through the scleral fixation site, a 30-gauge needle loaded with an 8-0 polypropylene suture was inserted into the vitreous cavity. The suture end was passed through the eyelet of IOL with 25-gauge forceps. Next, it was guided out of the eye through the original scleral fixation point. The end of the exterior suture was buried with a flapless intrascleral knotting technique. Six eyes of six patients were successfully treated with this technique and followed up for 6–12 months postsurgery. In all cases, there was significant improvement in uncorrected visual acuity. IOLs were stable with proper centration and no major complications. This modified technique offers an effective and minimally invasive surgical alternative for refixation of dislocated scleral-sutured PMMA IOLs with eyelets.
The curious case of subcutaneous dirofilariasis mimicking a fibroma – Report of a rare disease from North India
Authors: Gupta Latika , Kumar Swadesh
Published: June 2024

Human dirofilariasis is a rare arthropod-borne zoonotic infection caused by a filarial nematode of the genus Dirofilaria. It typically manifests in humans as pulmonary, ocular, or subcutaneous lesions. In India, the disease is predominantly seen in the southern states, especially Kerala. Cases documented from India are mostly of ocular infection, and very few cases of subcutaneous dirofilariasis (SD) are reported. We hereby present a case of SD in a 25-year-old male, clinically diagnosed to have fibroma of the left forearm. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of SD. We present this case to reiterate that SD, though very rare in North India, should always be considered as a differential for subcutaneous swellings.
Expression of GD2 and GD3 in peripheral neuroblastic tumors
Authors: Wei Xia , Li Shaomei , Wang Yizhen
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the expression of GD2 and GD3 and the histopathological types, risk groups, and chemotherapy in peripheral neuroblastic tumors (pNTs) and provide a theoretical basis for the selection of immunotargeted therapy for pNTs.

Materials and Methods:

The expression of GD2 and GD3 in samples of pNTs in all 87 cases, including 39 neuroblastomas (NB), 13 ganglion neuroblastomas nodular (GNBn), 19 ganglion neuroblastomas intermixed (GNBi), 16 ganglioneuroma (GN), and 16 paired NB after chemotherapy, were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result:

The expression of GD2 was higher than that of GD3 (P < 0.001) in all samples. In NB and GNBn, the expression of GD2 was higher than that of GD3 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). The expression of GD2 in NB was higher than that in GNBn (P = 0.015), and GNBn was higher than GNBi (P < 0.001). The expression of GD2 in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the medium-risk group and low-risk group (P = 0.019). The expression of GD2 before chemotherapy was higher than that after chemotherapy (P = 0.022). GD2 was expressed in different degrees in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Conclusion:

GD2 may be better than GD3 as a target of immunotherapy for pNTs, especially in the same pathological type. NB and GNBn may be more suitable for anti-GD2 immunotherapy. The expression of GD2 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes may be related to the side effects of anti-GD2 immunotherapy.
Absent Intraoperative Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Results during Cochlear Implant Surgery: Our Experience
Authors: Devi Rojina Nongmaithem , Bharadwaj Pragnya , Gogoi Biswajit , Sarmah Manashi
Published: June 2024

Intraoperative electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) testing during cochlear implant surgery is used to assess the integrity of implant, proper placement of electrode array, auditory nerve stimulation and to use as a preliminary tool to start a map, especially for difficult-to-test population. Sometimes, irrespective of normal or abnormal anatomical structure of the inner ear, ECAP response can be absent in one or more recording electrodes intraoperatively due to many factors. This report presents four pediatric cases who underwent cochlear implantation at our center. One of the cases had a hypoplastic auditory nerve and the rest had normal inner ear anatomy. Intraoperatively, two of the cases had absent neural responses in all the electrodes whereas in the remaining two absent neural response was found in single and in three basal electrodes. Postoperatively, in all the cases, neural response had recovered, except the one with hypoplastic nerve, which recovered only in few electrodes.
Mapping the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Trauma Research via Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Wang Chun , Zhang Mengzhou , Zhao Dong
Published: June 2024

Background:

Medical progress has often been hindered by the inherent limitations of human ability to process large volumes of data. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help overcome this constraint, particularly in the field of trauma.

Purpose and Objectives:

This study aims to analyze the application of artificial intelligence in the field of trauma through visualization tools, predict future research hotspots, and explore the potential applications of related technologies in the field of trauma, especially traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Materials and Methods:

Based on the Web of Science database, this study utilized visualization tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SciMAT to create a knowledge map of AI applications in trauma from 1979 to 2022.

Results:

The analysis indicates that traumatic brain injury (TBI) will be a focal point for future research on the use of AI in trauma. Additionally, terms related to machine learning, including Artificial Neural Network and Convolutional Neural Network, are expected to be extensively employed in trauma detection and prediction. These targeted algorithms hold significant potential for groundbreaking applications in TBI.

Conclusion:

Artificial intelligence, especially machine learning techniques, will play a crucial role in the research and application of trauma, particularly TBI. In the future, these technologies are expected to provide new methods and perspectives for TBI detection, prediction, and treatment.
Post-mortem Interval of Buried Carcasses in a Tropical Rainforest Vegetation of Nigeria
Authors: Onyejike Darlington Nnamdi , Esomonu Ugochukwu Godfrey , Fischer Victor Adolf , Onyejike Ifeoma Miracle
Published: June 2024

Background:

Most of the murder victims in Nigeria are concealed in shallow graves or clandestine paths or bushes. Knowledge of post-mortem interval (PMI) of buried carcasses is useful in estimating time since death for buried homicide scenarios. The PMI of buried remains is different from that of remains on the soil surface.

Aims and Objectives:

The study aimed at investigating the PMI of buried remains in a tropical rainforest vegetation of Nigeria using matured domestic pigs as human analogs.

Materials and Methods:

Four animals were used for this study. Animals were sacrificed and buried in one-foot-depth graves. A flat wood was placed on top of the animals before it was covered with sand so that the visible changes can be monitored during the study period. The study was carried out during the rainy and dry seasons. Soil analysis was carried out to ensure that there was no chemical substance inhibiting decomposition.

Results:

Animals did not completely skeletonize within the study period (168 days). However, four stages of decomposition were identified within the study period – Fresh, bloat, active decay, and advanced decay stages.

Conclusions:

The PMI was influenced by fungi activities and rain infusion. On the last day of the study, the decomposition was at the advanced decay stage and only few bones of the head, neck, trunk, and limbs were visible with greyish discoloration of the skin and other visceral structures. The visible post-mortem changes of the buried carrions noted in this study may be used to estimate the time of death of buried humans in a tropical rainforest vegetation of Nigeria.
Artificial Intelligence in the repurposing of potential herbs for filariasis therapy
Authors: Wiwanitmkit Somsri , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

The goal of this study was to see how well an AI language model called Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) assisted healthcare personnel in selecting relevant medications for filariasis therapy. A team of medical specialists and tropical medicine experts reviewed ChatGPT recommendations for ten hypothetical filariasis clinical situations. The purpose of this study was to look at the effectiveness of an AI language model ChatGPT in supporting healthcare providers in picking appropriate drugs for filariasis treatment.

Methods:

Ten hypothetical filariasis clinical cases were submitted to ChatGPT and its recommendations were evaluated by a panel of medical professionals and tropical medicine experts.

Results:

ChatGPT gave appropriate suggestions for potential medication repurposing in filariasis treatment in all ten clinical scenarios. Its drug recommendations were in line with current medical research and literature. Despite the lack of particular treatment regimens, ChatGPT’s general ideas proved useful for healthcare practitioners, providing insights and updates on prospective drug repurposing tactics.

Interpretation & conclusion:

ChatGPT shows promise as a useful method for repurposing drugs in the treatment of filariasis. Its thorough and brief responses make it useful for finding possible pharmacological candidates. However, it is critical to recognize limitations of ChatGPT, such as requirement for additional clinical information and the inability to change therapy. Further research and development is required to optimize its use in filariasis therapy settings.
In silico screening of potential plant peptides against the non-structural proteins of dengue virus
Authors: Reena G , Ranjani R , Goutham D , Sangeetha K
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

Peptides isolated from different sources of plants have the advantages of specificity, lower toxicity, and increased therapeutic effects; hence, it is necessary to search for newer antivirals from plant sources for the treatment of dengue viral infections.

Methods:

In silico screening of selected plant peptides against the non-structural protein 1, NS3 protease domain (NS2B-NS3Pro) with the cofactor and ATPase/helicase domain (NS3 helicase domain/NS3hel) of dengue virus was performed. The physicochemical characteristics of the peptides were calculated using Protparam tools, and the allergenicity and toxicity profiles were assessed using allergenFP and ToxinPred, respectively.

Results:

Among the tested compounds, Ginkbilobin demonstrated higher binding energy against three tested nonstructural protein targets. Kalata B8 demonstrated maximum binding energy against NSP-1 and NSP-2, whereas Circulin A acted against the NSP3 protein of dengue virus.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The three compounds identified by in silico screening can be tested in vitro, which could act as potential leads as they are involved in hampering the replication of the dengue virus by interacting with the three prime non-structural proteins.
Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi in whole blood samples with sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using rhoptry-associated protein 1 specific polyclonal antibodies
Authors: Wan Nazri Wan Siti Maryam , Ling Lau Yee , Wen Cheong Fei
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian malaria species, is now known to infect humans. Due to disadvantages in the current diagnosis methods, many efforts have been placed into developing new methods to diagnose the disease. This study assessed the ability of the PkRAP-1 sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) to detect P knowlesi antigens in whole blood specimens.

Methods:

Western blot assay was conducted to evaluate the ability of raised mouse and rabbit anti-PkRAP-1 polyclonal antibodies to bind to the native proteins in P. knowlesi lysate. The polyclonal antibodies were then used in sandwich ELISA to detect P. knowlesi. In the sandwich ELISA, mouse and rabbit polyclonal antibodies were used as the capture and detection antibodies, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was determined using P. knowlesi A1H1 culture and purified recombinant PkRAP-1.

Results:

Western blot results showed positive reactions towards the proteins in P. knowlesi lysate. The LOD of the assay from three technical replicates was 0.068% parasitaemia. The assay performance in detecting P. knowlesi was 83% sensitivity and 70% specificity with positive and negative predictive values of 74% and 80%, respectively. The anti-PkRAP-1 polyclonal antibodies did not cross-react with P. falciparum and healthy samples, but P. vivax by detecting all 12 samples.

Interpretation & conclusion:

PkRAP-1 has the potential as a biomarker for the development of a new diagnostic tool for P. knowlesi detection. Further studies need to be conducted to establish the full potential of the usage of anti-PkRAP-1 antibodies for P. knowlesi detection.
The expression of the miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 profiling and evaluation the serum lipid in antimony-susceptible and resistance patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Rahvar Farzaneh , Jouni Fatemeh Javani , Abdollahi Abbas , Samei Azam , Moslemi Masoumeh , Vazini Hossein
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

The current investigation was carried out to evaluate the expression of MicroRNAs miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 and lipid profile in antimony-susceptible and resistance patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Methods:

Lesion and blood samples were collected from 27 antimony-resistance and 27 antimony-susceptible patients. mRNA was extracted and synthase to the cDNA using commercial kits according to the manufacturers’ guideline. The expression of miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 were evaluated using Real-Time PCR technique. The serum lipid profiles were measured by enzymatic methods.

Results:

Our results indicated that the expression of miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 was significantly higher in antimony-susceptible patients. The results of current study indicated that downregulation of miRNAs is coupled with low serum LDL-C and triglyceride.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The downregulation of miRNAs and decrease in lipid levels may be one of the mechanisms of the parasite to escape from host immune system.
Online energy verification of linear electron accelerator: Important criteria for safety and beneficial applications
Authors: Chaudhary Nishant , Bhattacharjee Dhruva , Chavan Ramchandra B. , Yerge Umakant M. , Saroj P. C. , Sharma Archana
Published: June 2024

The electron beam (EB) energy is one of the most crucial parameters of EB treatment applications. It governs the dose distribution inside the bulk of the product treated with an energetic EB. An online monitoring and robust system is proposed for EB energy monitoring for radio frequency (RF) linear accelerator (LINAC). Attenuation method using dosimeter films is applied to reproduce the range of electron beam in aluminum. In online monitoring system, two electrically isolated aluminum plates having identical shape but different thicknesses, as per full penetration thickness of electron beam, are used. The current constituted in each plate is measured by an oscilloscope with suitable resistors, by keeping the set up under the beam. The ratio of the current signal from the front plate to the sum of the signals from both plates is very sensitive to the beam energy. Here, an electron accelerator of 10 MeV is used to incorporate this device. Sensitivity and robustness are the key factors to make this device highly suitable for desirous applications of 10 MeV LINAC and also to meet the regulatory mandates related to energy limitations for industrial utilities.
Frequency and Determinants of Depression in Hypothyroidism Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Samraa M. , Alzubide Abdulaziz Adel , Alhozali Amani M. , Mal Turky W. , Fakeeh Amro S. , Aldurayhim Ibrahim M. , Alghamdi Abdulaziz K. , Alzahrani Nabil A.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Several studies have reported a strong association between depression and hypothyroidism, including from several regions of Saudi Arabia. However, studies on the frequency of depression among patients with hypothyroidism from the Western region of Saudi Arabia is limited.

Objectives:

To determine the frequency and risk factors of depression among patients with hypothyroidism in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and included adult patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism. After contacting the patients through phone calls and obtaining their consent, a questionnaire weblink was sent. The first part of the questionnaire elicited details regarding demographics and history of hypothyroidism, while the second part comprised the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to evaluate depression.

Results:

A total of 100 patients completed the survey, of which 80% were found to have depression (mild: 35%, moderate: 26%, moderate to severe: 12, severe: 7%). There was no significant association between depression and gender, age group, employment status, and marital status. In the bivariate analysis, a significant association was found between depression and reporting fatigue (P < 0.001), constipation (P < 0.001), hair loss (P = 0.002), cold intolerance (P = 0.014), dry skin (P = 0.028), memory problems (P = 0.029), and menorrhagia (P = 0.037). However, in the multivariate analysis, only reporting fatigue was found to be significantly associated with depression (P = 0.040; OR = 15.215).

Conclusion:

This study found that the prevalence of depression was very high among patients with hypothyroidism in the Western region of Saudi Arabia, and that fatigue is an independent risk factor of depression.
Mechanistic Association of Hepatoblastoma with Cerebral Palsy: A Narrative Review
Authors: Hasan Noor Saeed , Thomas Warren
Published: June 2024

Hepatoblastoma is a rare liver cancer that occurs most often in children who present with lower birth weight. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder distinguished by irregularities in muscle tone, movement, and motor skills. CP is caused by damage to the developing brain and is often associated with secondary complications such as severe constipation. Clinicians must be aware of sudden worsening constipation occurring in CP children because it can also be a sign of hepatoblastoma. The aim of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the risks for hepatoblastoma development in children with CP. Cancer risks likely include dysfunction of the immune system surveillance in CP children. Elevated C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels may be higher in children with CP, which weakens their innate immune system. Metabolic disruption increases the risk of some cancers, and poor nutrition and reduced growth that occur in CP patients may have an impact on cancer development through a loss in immune function. Increased mobility and physical activity can increase the T-cell, natural killer cell, and neutrophil population. Children with CP tend to engage poorly in physical activity, and consequently, their immune system is affected. There are multiple factors associated with CP that increase the risk of childhood cancers such as hepatoblastoma.
Peritoneal Distraction Technique to Reduce Symptomatic Lymphoceles after Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Mathew Jeni Elizabeth , Sodhi Bikramjit Singh , Kaddu Deepak , Boppanna Venkata Bhargava , Ramaprasad M. K. , Prabhakaran Sandeep , Kishore Thekke Adiyat
Published: June 2024

Background:

In Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), lymphocele formation is a troublesome complication. The use of peritoneal flaps has emerged as a promising novel technique to tackle this complication. We explored this technique by suturing both the medial peritoneal flaps to each other and keeping them distracted so that the lymphadenectomy beds are left wide open.

Objective:

To assess the efficacy of our peritoneal distraction technique on lymphocele rates following Retzius-sparing RARP.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study included patients with localized prostate carcinoma who underwent Retzius-sparing RARP with standard pelvic lymph node dissection between May 2014 and September 2022 at Aster Medcity, Kochi, India. Based on the use of the technique, patients were divided into two groups: peritoneal distraction and closed groups. Both groups were matched using the propensity scoring method in a 1:1 ratio.

Results:

A total of 272 patients were included, of which 89 (32.7%) belonged to the peritoneal distraction group. Although the overall incidence of lymphocele between the two groups were comparable, none of the patients in the peritoneal distraction group required any intervention for lymphocele management, as opposed to 7 patients from the closed group (3.9%; P = 0.015). No significant association was found between lymphocele formation and serum prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason score, and the number of lymph nodes harvested.

Conclusions:

This study found that peritoneal distraction stitch is a simple and effective technique to reduce the incidence of symptomatic lymphocele that require intervention after Retzius-sparing RARP.
Reductive covers of klt varieties
Authors: Braun Lukas , Moraga Joaquín
Published: June 2024

In this article, we study

G

-covers of klt varieties, where

G

is a reductive group. First, we exhibit an example of a klt singularity admitting a

\mathbb{P}{\mathrm{GL}}_{n}(\mathbb{K})

-cover that is not of klt type. Then, we restrict ourselves to

G

-quasi-torsors, a special class of

G

-covers that behave like

G

-torsors outside closed subsets of codimension two. Given a

G

-quasi-torsor

X\rightarrow Y

, where

G

is a finite extension of a torus 

\mathbb{T}

, we show that

X

is of klt type if and only if

Y

is of klt type. We prove a structural theorem for

\mathbb{T}

-quasi-torsors over normal varieties in terms of Cox rings. As an application, we show that every sequence of

\mathbb{T}

-quasi-torsors over a variety with klt type singularities is eventually a sequence of

\mathbb{T}

-torsors. This is the torus version of a result due to Greb–Kebekus–Peternell regarding finite quasi-torsors of varieties with klt type singularities. On the contrary, we show that in any dimension there exists a sequence of finite quasi-torsors and

\mathbb{T}

-quasi-torsors over a klt type variety, such that infinitely many of them are not torsors. We show that every variety with klt type singularities is a quotient of a variety with canonical factorial singularities. We prove that a variety with Zariski locally toric singularities is indeed the quotient of a smooth variety by a solvable group. Finally, motivated by the work of Stibitz, we study the optimal class of singularities for which the previous results hold.
Problematyka rozmowy z chorym w polskiej literaturze medycznej w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku
Authors: Barański Jarosław , Murawski Marek
Published: June 2024

In the first half of the 19th century, the issue of proper communication between a doctor and a patient began to emerge in medical texts in a rudimentary form. This included what questions should be asked and how to ask them. The principles of conducting a conversation between a doctor and a patient, as articulated by Józef Frank (1771–1842), August Bécu (1771–1824), August Wolff (1768–1846), Hiacynt Dziarkowski (1747–1828), Wincenty Szczucki (1786–1832), became an integral part of medical interviews. Additionally, Józef Jakubowski (1796–1866) incorporated these principles into the treatment of mentally ill patients. This early 19th-century discourse on communication with patients arises from medical customs and simultaneously serves as a pivotal guideline for proper patient care. As a result of exploring the origins of the doctor-patient communication issue, it can be argued that these skills are rooted in the moral qualities of a physician’s character.
A Bibliometric Analysis Of Green Accounting Research
Authors: Rizka Hifzhii Nur , Hastina Hastina , Pramono Sigid Eko
Published: June 2024

The primary goal of green accounting is to address social issues impacting global sustainable development and to influence corporate actions towards social and environmental concerns. This research aims to map the concept of green accounting and describe its impact on science. This research is a literature review using bibliometrics. Bibliometrics helps map research related to developing green accounting research trends published by leading journals from 1992 to 2023, which have been indexed by Scopus as many as 233 articles, using VosViewer software. The analysis is focused on keyword trends, authors, and institutions. The results show that the number of articles discussing the theme of green accounting has been increasing yearly, which aligns with the development of economics and the environment. The most popular keywords are sustainable development, environmental management, and environmental economics. The most published writer is Markandya. Meanwhile, the most popular organization is Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM). This study provides valuable insights for researchers focusing on green accounting. Therefore, this theme has the potential to be further developed in the future.
Green Innovation And Organizational Culture Toward Corporate Value: Moderation Role Of Competitive Advantage
Authors: Suyono Suyono , Murwaningsari Etty
Published: June 2024

The study aims to analyze the impact of green innovation and organizational culture on corporate value and competitive business strategy as moderating variables. This type of research is quantitative, with secondary data sources. During the 2016–2020 period, the population of this study consisted of 74 energy sector companies. Purposive sampling, the chosen sampling technique, yielded a total sample of 53 energy sector companies. The technique for collecting data involves accessing financial report documentation from the Indonesian Stock Exchange website. The SPSS program facilitates the data analysis technique, which employs descriptive analysis and regression with moderation effects. The research results show that green product innovation, hierarchical culture, clan culture, and competitive business strategy do not affect corporate value. The competitive business strategy strengthens the influence of product innovation and organizational culture on corporate value in the energy sector. Theoretically, this research can complement the factors influencing corporate value through the moderating role of competitive business strategy. This research can be a practical reference and illustration for companies considering competitive business strategy factors.
Is Non-Financial Health Related To Financial Health In Zakat Institutions?
Authors: Arianty Erny , Indrawati Iin
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze the financial and non-financial health levels of one of the Zakat institutions, Rumah Amal Salman ITB. The method used is explanatory research with a descriptive quantitative approach. The data used is secondary and primary in financial reports from Rumah Amal Salman ITB and questionnaires from 20 respondents. The research results show that the health level of the Rumah Amal Salman ITB is excellent, both in terms of financial and non-financial health, which is effective and efficient. The level of financial health includes the health of activity performance, operations, liquidity, and growth. The level of non-financial health includes general management health, risk, and Sharia compliance. The results of this research can provide a reference to the relationship between financial and non-financial performance in zakat institutions. This can inform other zakat institutions on performance elements that must be improved to realize organizational health values, which will impact increasing ZIS fund receipts.
The Impact Of Economic Contraction On The Financing Collectability Of Islamic Banking In Indonesia
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic affected Indonesia's economic growth, which experienced a contraction in the first and second quarters of 2020. This study examines how economic contraction affects the collectability of Islamic banking in Indonesia, period for 2019: IV - 2020: II. The measurement of financial collectability is based on non-performing financing (NPF). The research data source comes from secondary data in publications from the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) and the Financial Services Authority (FSA). Data analysis uses descriptive statistics with the help of percentages, growth, and graphs. The results indicated that the economic contraction significantly impacted the decline in Islamic banking performance, as evidenced by an increase in NPF. The NPF increase occurs in all debtor groups: MSMEs, non-MSMEs, and households (consumption financing). The collectability of financing is separate from the area where COVID-19 spreads; where DKI Jakarta, East Java, and West Java are in the top five highest COVID-19 cases, they have better financing collectability than other provinces. Based on economic sectors, only mining and quarrying did not experience an increase in the NPF during the economic contraction period. These findings show differences with the growth-led finance paradigm. Regions that experience high cases of COVID-19 infection have better financing collectability. The practical implication of these findings is the importance of coordinating macro prudential policies with others, such as fiscal and actual sector policy, in encouraging the resilience of MSMEs, including managing the collectability of financing during economic contraction periods.
Measuring Local Government Financial Performance With Financial Ratios
Authors: Purba Sahala , Purba Rani Agustines , Simangunsong Lucyanna Yosephine , Gultom Nadia A.V.E. , Sinaga Agnes Patricia R.
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of local government in the Toba Regency. The data source uses secondary data in the form of Toba Regency government financial reports for 2020-2022. Data were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive approach. The financial performance of the Toba Regency government is measured using eight financial ratios. The results of the research show that the financial performance of the Toba Regency government in terms of regional financial independence, regional financial dependence, and the degree of fiscal decentralization obtained meagre results. The level of effectiveness of local original revenue (LOR) and the effectiveness of local taxes obtained very effective results. The level of LOR efficiency and regional tax efficiency obtained very efficient results. The degree of contribution of regionally owned enterprises (ROEP) resulted in low contribution results. Overall, the Toba Regency needs to improve at implementing and managing finances. This research can be a reference for the Toba Regency government in improving financial performance through eight financial ratios so that budget use is effective and efficient.
The Role Of Good Governance In Mediating Literacy, Income And Cash Waqf Decisions
Authors: Qomariah Qomariah , Setiyowati Supami Wahyu , Irianto Mochamad Fariz
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of literacy, income and good governance on cash waqf decisions and examine the role of good governance as a mediating variable in this relationship. The research method uses a quantitative approach with primary data by distributing questionnaires online and offline to the waqifs. This research's population is the General Ahmad Yani Mosque, Malang City congregation. A total of 76 samples were collected using a purposive sampling technique. The research model uses Partial Least Square structural equations with the help of SmartPLS software version 4.1.0. by testing the outer model, inner model, and hypothesis. The research results reveal a positive and significant influence between literacy, income, and good governance when giving cash waqf. Good governance can mediate the influence of literacy and income on giving cash waqf. Cash waqf is not only influenced by literacy and income factors, but the implementation of institutional solid good governance can strengthen the trust of wakifs, thereby increasing cash waqf revenues. This research can complement previous theories and become a reference for further research. This research can be a reference for cash waqf managers in increasing the number of waqifs and implementing good governance.