bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of posttraumatic stress symptoms, their predictors, and comorbid mental health symptoms in traumatized Arabic-speaking people: A latent class analysis
Authors: Stein Jana , Vöhringer Max , Wagner Birgit , Stammel Nadine , Böttche Maria , Knaevelsrud Christine
Published: December 2023

Many people from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have experienced traumatic events due to human rights abuses, violence, and conflict in the region, with potential psychological consequences including symptoms of posttraumatic stress and comorbid mental health problems. Yet, little is known about how different posttraumatic stress symptoms unfold in Arabic-speaking people who have experienced diverse traumatic events. This study examined latent classes based on posttraumatic stress symptoms, differences across classes concerning comorbid mental health symptoms and quality of life, and several predictors, including sociodemographic characteristics, social support, and trauma-related characteristics. Participants were 5,140 traumatized Arabic-speaking individuals who had registered for an online intervention. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify distinct classes based on DSM-5 posttraumatic stress symptoms. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze predictors of class membership. Differences between classes in severity of posttraumatic stress, depressive, anxiety, and somatoform symptoms, as well as quality of life were examined. Five different latent classes were identified: a general high posttraumatic stress symptom class (43.8%), a high posttraumatic stress symptom-low avoidance class (12.8%), a mixed posttraumatic stress symptom class (20.9%), a high dysphoric-low reexperiencing/avoidance class (14%), and a general low posttraumatic stress symptom class (8.4%). The classes differed in severity of posttraumatic stress, depressive, anxiety and somatoform symptoms, and quality of life. Consistent significant predictors of class membership were gender, social support, cumulative trauma exposure, sexual violence and direct exposure during the most distressing trauma, as well as time since the most distressing trauma. Distinct symptom classes with quantitative and qualitative differences can emerge following exposure to trauma among help-seeking Arabic-speaking people from the MENA region, with gender, social support, and trauma-related characteristics predicting symptom presentation. The results have implications for identifying distressed people and enhancing interventions based on an individual’s symptom presentation.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on renal function in patients with biopsy-proven kidney diseases
Authors: Obrișcă Bogdan , Mocanu Valentin , Vornicu Alexandra , Jurubiță Roxana , Sorohan Bogdan , Dimofte George , Achim Camelia , Andronesi Andreea , Micu Georgia , Bobeică Raluca , Caceaune Nicu , Procop Alexandru , Herlea Vlad , Gherghiceanu Mihaela , Ismail Gener
Published: December 2023

Background

We sought to evaluate the long-term effects of COVID-19 on renal function in patients with biopsy-proven kidney diseases.

Methods

A total of 451 patients with biopsy-proven kidney disease and at least 12 months of follow-up subsequent to COVID-19 pandemic onset were included in the study. The primary study endpoint was a composite of a persistent decline of more than 30% in eGFR or ESRD.

Results

23.1% of patients had COVID-19 during a follow-up period of 2.5 y (0.8–2.6), while 17.6% of patients reached the composite endpoint. Those with COVID-19 were more likely to reach the composite endpoint [26.7% vs. 14.8%; OR, 2.1 (95%CI, 1.23–3.58), p = 0.006). There was a significant eGFR change in the first year of follow-up between the two study groups [-2.24 (95%CI,-4.86; 0.37) vs. +2.31 (95%CI, 0.78; 3.85) ml/min, p = 0.004], with an adjusted mean difference of -4.68 ml/min (95%CI,-7.7; -1.59)(p = 0.03). The trend for worse renal outcomes remained consistent in patients with IgAN, MN and FSGS, but not in those with LN. After multivariate adjustment, the independent predictors of the composite endpoint were baseline eGFR (HR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.92–0.95), COVID-19 (HR, 1.91; 1.16–3.12) and male gender (HR, 1.64; 95%CI, 1.01–2.66). In multivariate linear regression analysis, COVID-19 independently determined a reduction of eGFR at 12 months by 4.62 ml/min/1.73m2 (β coefficient, -4.62; 95%CI, -7.74 to -1.5, p = 0.004).

Conclusions

There is a significant impact of COVID-19 on long-term renal function in patients with biopsy-proven kidney diseases, leading to a greater decline of eGFR and a worse renal survival.
Molecular evidence for potential transovarial transmission of Dabieshan tick virus in Haemaphysalis longicornis from Shandong Province, China
Authors: Wang Anan , Tang Yunfeng , Pang Zheng , Gong Yaxuan , Wu Jintao , Qi Jun , Niu Guoyu
Published: December 2023

Dabieshan tick virus (DBTV) is a newly identified arbovirus, first detected in Haemaphysalis longicornis collected from Hubei Province in 2015. It has been confirmed that DBTV is widely distributed in Shandong Province, China. However, its entomological and epidemiological features remain to be further explored, particularly the feasibility of transovarial transmission. Our research tries to explain the possibility of transovarial transmission of DBTV from engorged female ticks to their offspring. All engorged female adult ticks were sampled from domestic sheep and allowed to lay eggs and hatch in appropriate laboratory conditions. All engorged ticks, larvae and unhatched eggs were classified into pools for nucleic acid extraction and DBTV RNA detection. According to the results of qRT-PCR, the positive rate of DBTV was 6.25% (8/128) in engorged female ticks, 3.57% (1/28) in eggs and 5% (3/60) in larvae pools, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that DBTV isolates from larvae were similar to those from maternal ticks with more than 99.5% homology, and DBTV was relatively conservative in evolution. Our findings are the first to provide molecular evidence of potential transovarial transmission of DBTV among H. longicornis. Nonetheless, the transovarial transmission of DBTV in frequency and proportion occurring in nature deserves further investigation.
Mental health status and coping strategies of Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review
Authors: Luo Wenjie , Mohammed Jalal
Published: December 2023

Since the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in December 2019, students have been under unparalleled psychological stress worldwide. As part of its prevention and control strategies, the Chinese Ministry of Education proposed online teaching activities for universities. For the first time, teaching and learning shifted completely online, significantly impacting university students used to classroom learning. This research addresses the knowledge gap about the mental health and coping strategies employed by Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Electronic databases (PsycINFO, Scopus, Medline, Cochranes and CNKI) were searched systematically from 2019 to 2023, as part of this literature review. From the 349 articles found, 25 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify six sub-themes, organized under two main themes: Mental health issues of Chinese university students and their coping mechanisms. Heightened stress, anxiety, and depression appeared in Chinese university students during the pandemic, which may have been compounded by their isolation and the disruptions to their studies. Although the impact of COVID-19 on Chinese university students is waning, this study emphasizes the potential long-lasting impact on their mental health, which requires further investigation, particularly regarding gender differences. Moreover, positive and negative coping strategies were found in this review. Strategies for seeking social and family support and participating in sports activities had significant alleviating effects, while negative coping strategies such as alcohol-use and smoking did not. This rapid review informs the development of policies and interventions to enhance the mental health of university students during crisis events. The findings serve to inform health policymakers, university psychologists, and educators in improving the well-being of this student population.
Moving-with stories of deportation: Witnessing as visceral response-ability
Authors: Hart Sarah Ashford
Published: December 2023

This article analyses my work for the digital storytelling archive Humanizing Deportation, which documents the human consequences of deportation, as well as the contact improvisation technique I co-developed for moving-with these stories. Moving-with offers a way of disseminating narratives of deportation by authors in Mexico but also reveals how their voices resonate in different body-minds in California. One story in particular, ‘Tireless Warrior’ by , clearly affirms the narrator’s connectedness to networks of care that are limited and fragile, enduring and adaptable and that entangle us all. Moving-with Esther’s story demonstrates how the experience of witnessing can reach beyond the individual self, moving us past passive spectatorship to feel-with an individual narrative as a collective experience that implicates witnesses as viscerally response-able. Moving-with digital stories of deportation can thus become a reciprocally humanizing experience that amplifies both speakers’ and listeners’ capacity to affect and be affected.
Productividad del trabajo, salarios por pieza y beneficios en la manufactura preindustrial. La pañería de Alcoi (1585-1810)
Authors: Torró Gil Lluís
Published: December 2023

El estudio de los salarios en la Europa preindustrial margina las retribuciones por piezas que, paradójicamente, dominaban las actividades manufactureras. La cuestión se aborda analizando a largo plazo los salarios a destajo en la pañería. Este estudio se complementa con información de los precios de los bienes manufacturados y estimaciones de los costes de producción y la productividad del trabajo. Las conclusiones son que los precios de venta dependían más de la evolución del coste de las materias primas que de los salarios, que estos, con un comportamiento anticíclico en términos reales, tendieron a deteriorarse y que esto fue contrarrestado con un incremento de la cantidad de trabajo invertido y de la productividad del trabajo. Los salarios por pieza hicieron de los asalariados los beneficiarios inmediatos del crecimiento de la productividad. Finalmente, la presión salarial en los períodos de intensa inflación erosionó los beneficios, afectando a los cambios de ciclo.
Ambrosio de la Cuesta y Saavedra († 1707): las circunstancias de la extraña muerte del canónigo
Authors: Regalado González-Serna Víctor Daniel
Published: December 2023

La figura del canónigo Ambrosio de la Cuesta y Saavedra es conocida por su papel cultural dentro de la ciudad de Sevilla en los años finales del siglo XVII y comienzos del XVIII. Su muerte por una caída fatal desde la muralla de Sevilla siempre ha sido considerada como un terrible accidente. Sin embargo, resulta importante conocer las dificultades personales tan serias que sufría dicho prebendado en los últimos años de vida. Estas circunstancias permiten conocer mejor la faceta privada de un individuo tan remarcable.
High Incidence Rate of Computed Tomography–Measured Steatotic Liver Disease in Men With and Without HIV Infection
Authors: Price Jennifer C. , Springer Gayle , Seaberg Eric C. , Budoff Matthew J. , Koletar Susan L. , Hawkins Claudia A. , Witt Mallory D. , Post Wendy S. , Thio Chloe L.
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:

We determined steatotic liver disease (SLD) incidence in a prospective cohort of men with HIV (MWH) and men without HIV (MWOH).

METHODS:

Incident SLD was defined using paired noncontrast computed tomography scans performed during 2010–2013 and repeated during 2015–2017.

RESULTS:

Of 268 men, 173 MWH and 95 MWOH, 33 had incident SLD (11.1%, incidence rate 2.4 and 2.7/100 person-years for MWH and MWOH, respectively). Overall, higher abdominal visceral adipose tissue was independently associated with increased SLD risk. In MWH, increased visceral adipose tissue, insulin resistance, chronic hepatitis B, and cumulative etravirine use were associated with SLD.

DISCUSSION:

Metabolic factors, but not HIV, were associated with incident SLD. The high incidence rate suggests that SLD will continue to increase in PWH.
New imaging strategy for large vessel vasculitis (based on the EULAR-2023 recommendations)
Authors: Egorova O. N. , Tarasova G. M. , Koylubaeva G. M. , Bolotbekova A. M. , Guseva I. A. , Reshetnyak T. M. , Turatbekova A. T. , Suyunbai kyzy G. , Abdykerimov A. O. , Okunova A. A.
Published: December 2023

Large vessel vasculitis (LVV), including Takayasu's arteritis (AT, or non-specific aortoarteritis) and giant cell arteritis (GCA), is caused by granulomatous inflammation affecting mainly the aorta and its main branches. Damage to the vascular wall leads to ischemia of the corresponding organs and can be complicated by loss of vision, cerebral insufficiency and other life-threatening phenomena. The early diagnosis of these diseases in clinical practice is a difficult task that can only be solved by comparing the clinical symptoms, the results of the physical, laboratory and instrumental examination and the vascular biopsy.

A comparative analysis of the 2018 and 2023 EULAR recommendations for imaging in LVV is presented. Duplex ultrasound (USDS) of not only temporal but also axillary arteries is recommended for GCA and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for AT. Alternative methods for GCA are MRI or positron emission tomography (PET) in combination with computed tomography (CT) and intravenous administration of fluorodeoxyglucose labelled with the short-lived fluoride isotope 18 (FDG-PET/CT), and for AT – FDG-PET/CT, CT or ultrasound examination. MRI, CT or ultrasound can be used for long-term monitoring of structural damage, especially to assess pre-existing vascular inflammation.
Resolution of the Council of Experts “Results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ARTNEO in patients with stage II–III primary knee osteoarthritis”
Authors: Lila A. M. , Alekseeva L. I. , Belyaeva I. B. , Vinogradova I. B. , Demidova N. A. , Kalyuzhin O. V. , Nesterovich I. I. , Sorotskaya V. N. , Shirokova L. Yu. , Yakupova S. P.
Published: December 2023

On August 31,2023 in V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology a meeting of the Expert Council was held at which the principal investigators and co-investigators of the ARTNEO-2021 protocol "Multicenter randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ARTNEO in patients with stage II-III primary knee osteoarthritis" was held. A consensus position was developed on the possibility and feasibility of using a combination of undenatured (native) type II collagen, methylsulfonylmethane, boswellic acids, vitamins C and D (ARTNEO complex) in clinical practice. Based on the results of the study, the use of the ARTNEO complex can be recommended as part of a complex therapy for patients with osteoarthritis as a course treatment with total duration up to 6 months. The results of the study can only be interpreted in relation to ARTNEO and cannot be transferred to preparations with a different composition.
Trends in large joint total arthroplasty in patients with rheumatic diseases: an experience of a specialized department of traumatology and orthopedics
Authors: Kushnareva I. G. , Makarov M. A. , Karateev A. E. , Gorelova A. I.
Published: December 2023

Total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA and THA respectively) is frequently used in severe structural changes in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Objective: to evaluate the dynamics of the number of TKA of THA in patients with OA and RA treated in the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.

Material and methods. The analysis of 11-year period (from 2012 to 2022) of surgical activity of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.

Results and discussion. Within the mentioned period, 2955 TKA and THA were performed in 1590 patients with OA and 1365 with RA. From 2012 to 2018, the number of surgeries in patients with OA and RA was approximately the same, but since 2019 there has been a significant increase in the number of total arthroplasties (TA) in OA. The median delta (Δ) of the number of TKA and THA performed annually over 11 years was 13.5 [-17.5; 75.7] in patients with OA and 2.5 [-10.25; 25.0] in patients with RA (p=0.032).

Conclusion. In the last 11 years there was no significant dynamics in the number of TKA and THA in patients with RA. At the same time, there is a statistically significant increase in the number of TA in patients with OA, which is in line with the global trend.
A Rationale of Trans-inclusive Bibliography
Authors: Craig Heidi , Estill Laura , May Kris L.
Published: December 2023

This article posits a framework for the principles and practices of trans-inclusive bibliography, describing its necessity and challenges, considering historical analogues, and offering solutions for trans-inclusive bibliography in digital contexts. Proper names are the primary way that a person is credited with their scholarly labor, yet using names raises ethical issues. Trans-inclusive bibliography shares many of the same ethical concerns and strategies as trans-inclusive citation practices, but differs in terms of scale and stakes. Given that exhaustive enumerative bibliographies are often used to create individual works cited lists, their choices and practices can reverberate through an entire academic field. This article centers on enumerative bibliography, particularly the challenges and potential solutions for the World Shakespeare Bibliography. Trans-inclusive bibliography requires accepting bibliography's flexibility and contingency, relinquishing comforting myths about the stability of the historical record. We outline the ethical core of trans-inclusive bibliography and offer practicable scholarly habits to implement it.
The Digitization of post-World War II Italian Literary Journals
Authors: Grazioli Elena
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the digitization of journals has gained ground as an important way of assessing the production of essays and literary writings within their original context of publication. Periodicals from the second half of the twentieth century, however, have attracted much less attention, despite their vast and diverse production as well as the presence of paramount contributors. Usually printed on cheap paper in very few copies, many of those journals can prove difficult to find and delicate to handle. This article aims to outline the state of the art of the Italian literary journals digitized at present and available online, and to examine some fundamental databases in our research: RIDI (Riviste digitali e digitalizzate italiane. Un contributo per l’Emeroteca digitale nazionale), Gino Bianco’s library (Emeroteca), CIRCE (Catalogo Informatico Riviste Culturali Europee) and Fondazione Mondadori’s archives (“Tirature”).
THE COMBINED EFFECT OF SINTERING ADDITIVES MgO AND TEOS ON THE STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS YAG:Yb, Er
Authors: Vakalov D. S. , Chikulina I. S. , Skichuk S. N. , Bedrakov D. P. , Malyavin F. F. , Kozitov L. V.
Published: December 2023

In this work, the effect of sintering additives based on magnesium oxide (MgO) and silicon oxide (TEOS) in concentrations from 0.02 to 0.10 wt. % and 0.2 to 0.5 wt. %, respectively, was investigated on the microstructure and optical properties of ceramics of the composition Y2,82Yb0,15Er0,03Al5O12, made from powders synthesized by chemical co-deposition.
The results presented in the paper showed that the introduction of a sintering additive based on MgO into a ceramic powder does not affect its phase composition, structural and morphological characteristics. It is shown that for ceramics of the composition Y2,82Yb0,15Er0,03Al5O12, the best value of the optical transmission coefficient was achieved at a vacuum sintering temperature of 1800 °C and a concentration of sintering additives of 0.06 wt. % MgO and 0.3 wt. % TEOS.
It is shown that the sintering mechanism of ceramics Y2,82Yb0,15Er0,03Al5O12 depends on the ratio of sintering additives MgO and TEOS.
ENRICHMENT OF QUARTZ SANDS OF THE OYNAKUM DEPOSIT FOR SYNTHESIS OF HIGH-QUALITY TRANSPARENT GLASS
Authors: Anvarov A. B. , Kadyrova Z. R.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the possibility of using quartz sands from the Oynakum deposit as a promising source of high-quality quartz-containing raw materials for the glass industry in order to obtain higher grades of glass. The chemical, granulometric and mineralogical composition of quartz sands of the Oynakum deposit was studied, high concentrations of quartz sand were obtained using various enrichment schemes.
Die Kontrolle regionaler Beihilfen im Rahmen der Wettbewerbspolitik der Europäischen Gemeinschaften
Authors: Eser Thiemo W.
Published: December 2023

Im Jahr 1988 wurde das Fördergebiet der Gemeinschaftsaufgabe zur Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsstruktur (GRW) und der ergänzenden Länderförderung um 7 % von 45 % auf 38 % der Wohnbevölkerung (WOB) der Bundesrepublik Deutschland verringert. Eine Reduzierung des bundesdeutschen Fördergebietes in dieser Größenordnung ist in der Geschichte der regionalen Wirtschaftspolitik bisher einzigartig.Die Kontrolle regionaler Beihilfen im Rahmen der Wettbewerbspolitik der EG hatte einen wesentlichen, wenn nicht den ausschlaggebenden Einfluß auf diese Reduktion des Fördergebietes. In Anbetracht der gegenwärtigen Entwicklungen zur Vollendung des Binnenmarktes ist zu erwarten, daß die Einwirkungsmöglichkeiten der EG auf die nationalen Regionalpolitiken weiter steigen werden. Um so wichtiger erscheint deshalb eine Analyse der bestehenden Einflußmöglichkeiten: Wie erfolgt die Kontrolle regionaler Beihilfen der Wettbewerbspolitik der EG, die eine „Oberaufsicht“ beansprucht, auf die Träger der regionalen Wirtschaftspolitik in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland?Das Ziel dieses Aufsatzes besteht darin, neben der bisherigen Entwicklungsgeschichte den heutigen Stand der Beihilfenkontrolle in der Regionalpolitik darzustellen, die Implikationen für die regionale Wirtschaftspolitik und insbesondere die GRW herauszuarbeiten und einige Schlußfolgerungen zu ziehen.Die Analyse erfolgt auf zwei Ebenen: Zunächst wird das Kontrollverfahren selbst diskutiert; anschließend werden die empirische Überprüfung und Gegenüberstellung der Gebietsauswahl durch die EG und die GRW in zwei Perspektiven – hinsichtlich der Berücksichtigung verschiedener Regionstypen sowie der Verteilung der Gebietsauswahl auf die Bundesländer vorgenommen.
Regionale Umstrukturierung durch weiche Standortfaktoren
Authors: Curdes Gerhard
Published: December 2023

Die Gestalt von Städten und Regionen ist den letzten Jahren in vielen Industriegesellschaften zu einem regional bedeutsamen Entwicklungsfaktor geworden. Daher setzt die Entwicklung alter Industrieregionen für neue Aufgaben voraus, daß die negativ wirkenden Folgen der Industrialisierung gelöst oder verringert werden. Gestalt ist ein komplexer Ausdruck sozioökonomischer Bedingungen. Wenn sich die Probleme einer Region auch in der Gestalt ausdrücken, muß die Lösung der Probleme einhergehen mit einer Verbesserung der Gestalt. Dies ist keineswegs selbstverständlich. So unweigerlich raumbezogenes Handeln zu physischen Konsequenzen führt und damit die Gestalt einer Region prägt, so wenig zwangsläufig ist, daß neue Investitionen unbedingt einen positiven Einfluß auf die Gestalt ausüben. Im Gegenteil kann festgestellt werden, daß viele neue Investitionen durch große Anlagen das Bild der Regionen stärker als früher prägen, daß aber deren gestalterische Qualität oft sehr gering ist. Zu alten Mängeln kommen daher neue hinzu. Notwendig ist daher eine verstärkte Politik lokaler und regionaler Gestaltkontrolle und Qualitätssicherung, für die organisatorische und methodische Grundlagen erst im Entstehen sind. Der Beitrag behandelt Begriffe einer Gestaltbewertung im regionalen Maßstab und Konzepte zur Entwicklung einer regionalen Gestaltsprache am Beispiel der durch Bergbau und Industrie geprägten Städte des Aachener Umlandes.
Regionale Identität Erwachsener
Authors: Schulze Hans-oachim
Published: December 2023

Der Beitrag konzipiert Region als Segmentäre Kultur auf dem Hintergrund der Theorie der differenzierten Gesellschaft. Prämisse der empirischen Untersuchung regionaler Identität ist, daß diese Identität in einem spezifischen Sinne an die Existenz und den Bezug zu einer Region, verstanden als ein jeweils eigener, einmaliger Sinnkontext, geknüpft sein muß. Auf dieser Basis wird eine bestimmte Region auf das Merkmal ihrer „Eigensinnigkeit“ und die Bevölkerung darin auf die Bezüge zu ihrer (Wohn‑)Region mit mehreren Methoden im Rahmen einer Querschnittserhebung untersucht. Es zeigen sich eher emotionale und eher traditionale Zugänge zur Region und dementsprechend unterschiedliche Dimensionen regionaler Identität. Diese werden auch bei jenen Erwachsenen sichtbar, die in die Region nach Ablauf der Jugendzeit zugezogen sind und hier dann ein bis zwei Jahrzehnte gelebt haben. Künftige Erhebungen zur Entwicklung der regionalen Identität sollten als komparative Längsschnittuntersuchungen angelegt werden.
Innerstädtische Gliederungen und kommunale Verwendungen von bundesweiten Raumgliederungen
Authors: Kaiser Klaus
Published: December 2023

ln der kommunalen Stadtforschung werden die Anforderungen an die Raumgliederung entscheidend bestimmt durch besonders große Nähe zum Raum und zum Nutzer. Dabei bestimmt der raum- und nutzernahe Standpunkt einerseits Anspruch und Selbstverständnis der Kommunalstatistik und andererseits auch Fragestellungen und Arbeitsmethoden und erklärt auch letztlich den Anspruch auf Einzeldaten und deren Fortschreibung.Gebietstypische Strukturen und Entwicklungen auf den verschiedenen Maßstabsstufen Baublockseite, Baublock, Quartier, Schulbezirk, Sozialarbeiterbezirk u. ä. herauszuarbeiten, ist ein Schwerpunkt der kommunalen Stadtforschung, wobei die Schutzbedürftigkeit der Ergebnisse stets aufs neue bedacht werden muß.Die Bereitstellung von statistischen Informationen für regionale und überregionale Vergleichsräume hat in den letzten Jahren an Bedeutung zugenommen. Gefragt sind allerdings statistische Informationen für definierte Administrations- und Planungsräume, seltener für strukturelle und funktionale Raumkategorien wie Stadtregion, Verdichtungsraum undArbeitsmarktregion.
Informationstechnologische Lokalzentren als Instrument der Regionalpolitik
Authors: Meissner Rudolf
Published: December 2023

Seit 1985 sind in mehreren nordeuropäischen Landgemeinden sogenannte „informationstechnologische Lokalzentren“ mit dem Ziel entstanden, die Anwendung der Telematik auch in dünnbesiedelten, peripheren Regionen zu beschleunigen. Gemessen an ihrer Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit in Skandinavien, erweist sich diese Idee als voller Erfolg. Der folgende Beitrag geht ein auf die Entstehungshintergründe der informationstechnologischen Lokalzentren und berichtet über die Erfahrungen, die bisher in Norwegen mit diesem neuen Instrument der Regionalpolitik gemacht worden sind.
Regionalplanung – im Aufschwung?
Authors: Fürst Dietrich
Published: December 2023

Mit dem in allen Ländern zu beobachtenden Rückzug der Landesebene aus der Raumplanung verschiebt sich die Aufgabe der Weiterentwicklung der Planung auf die Regionsebene. Die überall praktizierte Hinwendung zu einer „ökologisch orientierten Planung“ bringt die Regionalplanung auch den Fachplanungen näher (konzeptionelle Animateur- und Moderatorfunktion). Der formale Plan verliert an Bedeutung, die Problembearbeitung vor dem Hintergrund eines räumlichen Ordnungskonzepts wird als sog. „prozeßbezogene Planung“ immer wichtiger. Die formale Organisationsform spielt dabei eine geringere Rolle; allerdings prägt sie die Ausrichtung (mehr staats- oder gemeindegebunden; mehr vollzugs- oder neuerungsorientiert). Die vergleichsweise langen Zeiträume der Planerstellung können Indiz für diese „Prozeßbezogenheit“ sein. Die Weiterentwicklung der Regionalplanung liegt offenbar in Freiraum- und Ressourcenschutz, Planungsberatung der Gemeinden und konstruktiver Auseinandersetzung mit Fachplanungen im Zuge ihrer „ökologischen Erneuerung“.
Regionalplanung in Niedersachsen
Authors: Fürst Dietrich
Published: December 2023

In Niedersachsen sind die Kreise seit 1978 Träger der Regionalplanung – Ausnahme: Kreis Hannover, wo der Zweckverband Großraum Hannover die Regionalplanung übernommen hat. Die Beteiligung der Gemeinden an der Planung ist nicht institutionalisiert, sondern den Kreisen überlassen. Die inhaltlichen Vorgaben der Landesplanung beschränken sich auf den Ausweis von Vorranggebieten und Standorten sowie fachplanerische Leitlinien; zugrunde liegt eine Konzeption der „ökologischen Orientierung der Raumplanung“ (Schutz der Naturraumpotentiale). Die Regionalplanung hat folglich wenig Koordinationsaufgaben gegenüber Fachplanungen (Ausnahme: Landschaftsplanung). Sie kommt nur langsam voran; ihr fehlt weitgehend noch die politische Unterstützung. Einzelne Ansätze zeigen jedoch, daß das niedersächsische Modell besonders geeignet ist für die ökologische Fortentwicklung fachlicher Ver- und Entsorgungskonzepte (regionale Energie‑, Wasser‑, Abfallbeseitigungs- und Verkehrssysteme).
Innovationen der Telematik: Adoptionsverhalten und regionalwirtschaftliche Effekte
Authors: Müdespacher Alfred
Published: December 2023

Es ist unbestritten, daß neue Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien r umwirtschaftliche Konsequenzen haben werden. Spekulationen über die Art der zukünftigen Auswirkungen gibt es genügend. Dieser Artikel plädiert dafür, vorerst die bereits abgelaufene Entwicklung der Anwendung neuer I‑& K‑Techniken kausalanalytisch zu untersuchen. Eine solche Analyse wird mit verfügbarem Datenmaterial über die Verbreitung von EDV, Tele-Fernverarbeitung und Telefax für die Schweiz durchgeführt. Sie zeigt, daß die Chancen der Telematik räumlich ungleich wahrgenommen werden, daß neue Abhängigkeiten entstehen und daß die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung vor allem in den zentralen und zentrennahen Gebieten stimuliert wird.
„Technopolis-Konzept“ und Probleme der japanischen Raumplanung
Authors: Yamada Makoto
Published: December 2023

In Heft 3, Jahrgang 1987 dieser Zeitschrift hat Joachim Günther die Tendenzen der gegenwärtigen japanischen Regionalpolitik erläutert. Dabei ging er besonders auf das Technopoliskonzept ein, das er im wesentlichen positiv beurteilt. Das Technopoliskonzept ist durch drei Grundgedanken gekennzeichnet: Außerhalb des großen Industriebandes von Tokyo nach Osaka werden Zentren der hochtechnologischen Produktion errichtet und damit die Voraussetzung einer räumlichen Dezentralisierung des Wachstums an gewerblichen Arbeitsplätzen geschaffen. Diese Technopolisstandorte sollen in enger Verbindung mit einer leistungsfähigen Bildungs- und Forschungsinfrastruktur ausgestattet werden und sie sollen auch im Wohnungsbereich attraktive Anziehungspunkte werden.In seiner Replik auf diesen Beitrag stellt Professor Makoto Yamada nun Gesichtspunkte heraus, die der Verwirklichung dieser Technopoliskonzeption entgegenstehen könnten. Aus der Sicht der Redaktion ist der Beitrag von Professor Yamada eine Ergänzung des Beitrages von Herrn Günther, die es dem Leser ermöglicht, das Für und Wider dieser Planungskonzeption zu bewerten.
Addition of soybean meal extract with Lactobacillus plantarum in rations on protein digestibility and performance of broiler chickens
Authors: Afro' R. , Ismadi V. D. Y. B. , Krismiyanto L. , Mulyono M.
Published: December 2023

This study examined the effect of adding soybean meal extract (SME) and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on protein digestibility and performance of broiler chickens. The material used was 8-day-old Cobb CP 707 strain broilers with a body weight of 137.89 ± 3.7 g. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates, with each replicate of 8 birds. The treatments were T0: basal diet (control), T1: basal diet + LP 1.2%, T2: basal diet + SME 0.15%, T3: basal diet + SME 0.30%, T4: basal diet + SME 0.15% + LP 1.2%, T5: basal ration + SME 0.30% + LP 1.2%. Parameters measured were the performance of broiler chickens, lactic acid bacteria population, Escherichia coli population, intestinal pH, protein consumption, protein digestibility, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the addition of SME and Lactobacillus plantarum in the ration had a significant effect (P <0.05) on total daily weight gain, total daily feed intake, total feed conversion, lactic acid bacteria population, Escherichia coli population, intestinal pH, protein consumption, protein digestibility, and antioxidant activity. Significantly higher total daily weight gains were observed in T5 (54.09 g) compared to T3 (51.27 g), T2 (46.98 g), T1 (46.64 g), and T0 (45.56 g). Total daily feed intake of T5 (79.94 g) was significantly higher those of T2 (74.52 g), T1 (74.17 g), and T0 (74.89 g). Feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in T5 (1.48) compared to the others, but not different from T4 (1.54). The LAB population of T5 (10.26 log cfu/g) was significantly higher than those of T2 (8.98 log cfu/g), T1 (8.99 log cfu/g), and T0 (6.99 log cfu/g). The Escherichia coli population of T5 (1.50 log cfu/g) was significantly lower than T1 (2.40 log cfu/g) and T0 (4.54 log cfu/g). Intestinal pH of T5 (5.90) was significantly lower than the others, but not different from T4 (5.91). Protein consumption of T5 (17.14 g) was significantly higher than T2 (15.98 g), T1 (15.90 g), and T0 (16.00 g), and protein digestibility of T5 (88.53%) was significantly higher than T2 (85.42%), T1 (82.92%), and T0 (80.37%). Malondialdehyde of T5 (0.80 nmol/ml) was significantly lower than T2 (1.01 nmol/ml), T1 (1.03 nmol/ml), and T0 (1.27 nmol/ml). Superoxide dismutase of T5 (21.43 U/ml) was significantly higher than all treatments. The study concludes that adding soybean meal extract with 0.30% and Lactobacillus plantarum 1,2% (T5) was effective in increasing protein digestibility and optimizing performance in broiler chickens.
Potential Use of Papaya Flower Extract (Carica papaya Linn) for Aedes Aegypti Larvicide
Authors: Pakan Sikhry Christian Max , Riwu Yuliana Radja , Landi Soleman , Tira Deviarbi Sakke
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Temefos as a larvicide to prevent dengue hemorrhagic fever is known to be resistant to Aedes aegypti larvae in several regions in Indonesia. Therefore, alternative larvicides are needed. Papaya plants are one of the alternative solutions as papaya flowers contain secondary metabolite compounds that can kill Aedes aegypti larvae. This study aimed to determine the potential of papaya flower extract to be an Aedes aegypti larvicide.Methods : This study was a true experimental study with a posttest-only control group design, with 6 treatment groups namely 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% extract concentrations (Experimental Group) and distilled water (Control Group). The experiment was repeated 4 times with a testing time of 24 hours. A total 600 Aedes aegypti instar larvae III/IV were used. Larvae toxicity was analyzed using Probit Analysis to determine the value of Lethal Concentration (LC) and Lethal Time (LT) and the Kruskall-Wallis test to determine the differences of larval deaths in each experimental group. Results: Results showed that the highest and the lowest average larval mortality was at 20% concentration (25 larvae) and 1% concentration (14.75 larvae), respectively.  and values were 4.84% and 10.39%, while values of five concentrations were 115.74, 24.24, 23.41, 25.24, and 16.55 hours and values of five concentrations were 241.95, 29.42, 26.20, 32.24, and 24.48 hours. There was a difference in the number of larval deaths after 24 hours of treatment in the experimental group (p-value = 0.011).Conclusion: Papaya flower extract has the potential to be an Aedes aegypti larvicide with 20% concentration as the optimum dose. However, phytochemical screening needs to be done to determine the dominant papaya flower compounds act as Aedes aegypti larvicides.
University teachers’ well-being in ICT-enhanced teaching: The roles of teacher self-efficacy and teaching support
Authors: Han Jiying , Gao Chao
Published: December 2023

In the context of information and communication technology (ICT)-enhanced teaching, teacher well-being plays a crucial role in promoting teaching effectiveness and students’ learning achievement. Drawing on the interactionist model of teacher well-being, this study investigated university teachers’ well-being (e.g., emotional exhaustion and teacher engagement) in ICT-enhanced teaching and its associations with their self-efficacy (e.g., classroom management, instructional strategy and course design) and teaching support (e.g., autonomy support, teaching resources and peer support). The results of an online questionnaire survey conducted among 836 university teachers in China indicated that the enhanced integration of ICT into teaching practices neither impaired teacher engagement nor caused them significant emotional exhaustion. Instead, adequate teaching resources and autonomy support contributed positively to both teacher self-efficacy and engagement. Increased efficacy in course design and classroom management alleviated their emotional exhaustion. Moreover, teacher self-efficacy significantly mediated the effects of autonomy support on emotional exhaustion and teacher engagement. These results have practical implications for understanding and promoting university teachers’ well-being as well as teaching effectiveness in ICT-enhanced teaching environments.
Implications for practice or policy

Administrators may consider providing adequate resources geared towards enhancing university teachers’ confidence and engagement in ICT-enhanced teaching.
Administrators may avoid introducing excessive and burdensome initiatives to university teachers to prevent teacher emotional exhaustion.
University teachers may be granted significant autonomy in selecting their preferred teaching platforms, methods and materials to meet their specific needs and preferences in ICT-enhanced teaching.
Academics' perceptions of ChatGPT-generated written outputs: A practical application of Turing’s Imitation Game
Authors: A Matthews Joshua , Volpe Catherine Rita
Published: December 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology, such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), is evolving quickly and having a significant impact on the higher education sector. Although the impact of ChatGPT on academic integrity processes is a key concern, little is known about whether academics can reliably recognise texts that have been generated by AI. This qualitative study applies Turing’s Imitation Game to investigate 16 education academics’ perceptions of two pairs of texts written by either ChatGPT or a human. Pairs of texts, written in response to the same task, were used as the stimulus for interviews that probed academics’ perceptions of text authorship and the textual features that were important in their decision-making. Results indicated academics were only able to identify AI-generated texts half of the time, highlighting the sophistication of contemporary generative AI technology. Academics perceived the following categories as important for their decision-making: voice, word usage, structure, task achievement and flow. All five categories of decision-making were variously used to rationalise both accurate and inaccurate decisions about text authorship. The implications of these results are discussed with a particular focus on what strategies can be applied to support academics more effectively as they manage the ongoing challenge of AI in higher education.
Implications for practice or policy:

Experienced academics may be unable to distinguish between texts written by contemporary generative AI technology and humans.
Academics are uncertain about the current capabilities of generative AI and need support in redesigning assessments that succeed in providing robust evidence of student achievement of learning outcomes.
Institutions must assess the adequacy of their assessment designs, AI use policies, and AI-related procedures to enhance students’ capacity for effective and ethical use of generative AI technology.
Race with the machines: Assessing the capability of generative AI in solving authentic assessments
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh , Vo Diem Thi Hong , Nguyen Nhat Minh , Pham Thi Thu Tra , Thai Trung Hieu , Ha Xuan Son
Published: December 2023

In this study, we introduce a framework designed to help educators assess the effectiveness of popular generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools in solving authentic assessments. We employed Bloom’s taxonomy as a guiding principle to create authentic assessments that evaluate the capabilities of generative AI tools. We applied this framework to assess the abilities of ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Google Bard and Microsoft Bing in solving authentic assessments in economics. We found that generative AI tools perform very well at the lower levels of Bloom's taxonomy while still maintaining a decent level of performance at the higher levels, with “create” being the weakest level of performance. Interestingly, these tools are better able to address numeric-based questions than text-based ones. Moreover, all the generative AI tools exhibit weaknesses in building arguments based on theoretical frameworks, maintaining the coherence of different arguments and providing appropriate references. Our study provides educators with a framework to assess the capabilities of generative AI tools, enabling them to make more informed decisions regarding assessments and learning activities. Our findings demand a strategic reimagining of educational goals and assessments, emphasising higher cognitive skills and calling for a concerted effort to enhance the capabilities of educators in preparing students for a rapidly transforming professional environment.
Implications for practice or policy

Our proposed framework enables educators to systematically evaluate the capabilities of widely used generative AI tools in assessments and assist them in the assessment design process.
Tertiary institutions should re-evaluate and redesign programmes and course learning outcomes. The new focus on learning outcomes should address the higher levels of educational goals of Bloom’s taxonomy, specifically the “create” level.
Cannabis Legalization: Social Risk Assessment and Economic Forecast
Authors: Mammadova Sevar , Guliyeva Aysel , Kvasnikova Tatiana , Serebrennikova Anna , Tikhonova Yuliya
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the problem of the economic feasibility of cannabis legalization in the Russian Federation. The paper also analyzes attitudes towards cannabis legalization among 584 residents (291 female and 293 male, 18.8 ± 1.4 for men, 18.3 ± 1.6 for women) from two different Russian regions (with the highest (Republic of Khakassia, Chelyabinsk Region, Moscow Region, Amur Region, and Saint-Petersburg) and lowest (Chukotka Autonomous District, Nenets Autonomous District, Chechen Republic, Arkhangelsk Region, and Orel Region) per capita drug use in the Russian Federation). All participants were interviewed via the Internet. In the first stage, a keyword analysis categorized articles into medical (48 %) and non-medical (52 %) cannabis use, revealing varied perspectives on its benefits and risks. The second stage surveyed Russian citizens, indicating regional differences in attitudes toward cannabis legalization based on per capita drug use. The third stage conducted a PEST analysis, highlighting economic consequences and offering recommendations. Practical implications include the need for targeted prevention programs, effective curriculum modules, and collaborative efforts to address the complex challenges associated with cannabis legalization. The study found that the public attitude towards the legalization of drugs for non-medical purposes is negative. In regions with the highest per capita soft drug use, the legalization of non-medical cannabis is unlikely to cause an increase in the level of usage. Teenagers living in regional centers tend to be more engaged in trying and using cannabis (11.9 %) compared to other cities (8.8 %, p ≤ 0.05) and rural areas, where the rate of cannabis use was the lowest (5.4 %, p ≤ 0.05). This research underscores the importance of tailored interventions and educational strategies to address diverse attitudes toward cannabis legalization. The findings contribute valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and health professionals, guiding the development of informed approaches to substance use prevention. The recommendations emphasize the necessity of proactive measures, such as outreach programs and collaborative efforts, to navigate the multifaceted implications of cannabis legalization and promote overall societal well-being.
Juegos con propósito para la anotación delCorpus Oral Sonoro del Español rural
Authors: Díaz Rosa Lilia Segundo , Bonilla Johnatan E. , Bouzouita Miriam , Ruiz Gustavo Rovelo
Published: December 2023

The study of dialectal microvariation in spoken Spanish faces challenges due to the absence of an adequate morpho-syntactically annotated and parsed corpus. Therefore, this article introduces a novel technique, a game-based approach, for creating resources for non-standard Spanish language varieties. The article provides an overview of the progress in designing three Games With A Purpose (GWAPs) prototypes, to wit, Agentes, Tesoros, andAnotatlón. These games aim to facilitate the confirmation and correction of the morpho-syntactic tagging task of theCOSER-AP(Corpus Oral y Sonoro del Español Rural-Anotado y Parseado, ‘Annotated and Parsed Audible Corpus of Spoken Rural Spanish’). First, the article presents the methodology used to build the games. Second, it offers a detailed description of the implemented Game Design Elements (GDEs). Finally, the article discusses the results of a pilot evaluation that assesses player enjoyment and the linguistic accuracy. Findings are promising, withTesorosandAnotatlóndemonstrating high levels of enjoyment. Additionally,Agentesproves to be effective in collecting a large number of annotations. The linguistic accuracy also shows potential benefits of gamified approaches in linguistic annotation tasks. However, it also emphasizes the importance of considering regional in player assessment and training them in multidialectal contexts.
China’s Economy as Xi’s Means of Power Or Why the Chinese Economy is Not yet Bigger than That of the USA
Authors: Tofall Norbert F.
Published: December 2023

Contrary to optimistic predictions from the financial industry in 2011, China’s economy will not have overtaken that of the USA by 2025. Since 2012, Xi Jinping has largely brought the market, private property and the capitalist mode of production back under the control of the Chinese Communist Party. Xi has curtailed the success factor of decentralization and continued to expand the failure factors of interventionism and state control. Capital is now flowing out of China, putting the renminbi under devaluation pressure. Even a relocation of production capacities from China primarily to other Asian countries can already be observed. In its policy of hegemony, China is steering the economy to achieve political and geopolitical ends and is practising geoeconomics. What remains unclear is how the geoeconomics pursued by Xi is intended to enable long-term growth in China.