bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density
Authors: Wu Yuqin , Wang Youli , Yin Dafei , Mahmood Tahir , Yuan Jianmin
Published: June 2020

Background

In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m2), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m2), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m2), raised to 42 days of age.

Results

The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle when compared with the L group. COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices by comparison with the H group (P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group as compared to the L group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group when compared with the H group.

Conclusions

The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.
A case report of fulminant endophthalmitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae in a patient with traumatic corneal laceration
Authors: Lee Yong Woo , Koh Kyung Min , Hwang Kyu Yeon , Kwon Young A. , Lee Dong Won , Song Sang Wroul , Kim Byoung Yeop , Kim Kook Young
Published: June 2020

Background

To report a case of enucleation caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae endophthalmitis after traumatic corneal laceration.

Case presentation

A 69-year-old man with history of retinal detachment treated with vitrectomy and subsequent cataract surgery presented with traumatic corneal laceration while cutting grass. Appropriate repair of corneal laceration and intravitreal antibiotics (vancomycin, ceftazidime) injection was performed. S. dysgalactiae which was sensitive to the conventional antibiotics (Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Levofloxacin, etc.) detected by aqueous culture. One day following primary closure, the patient developed a complete hypopyon and vitreous membranes. Despite vigorous systemic and intravitreal antibiotics administration with vitrectomy, endophthalmitis was not controlled and patient’s ocular pain was increased. The vitreous culture was also positive for S. dysgalactiae. Finally, total enucleation was performed 9 days after trauma due to fulminant endophthalmitis with severe scleritis.

Conclusion

Progression of traumatic endophthalmitis associated with S. dysgalactiae can be fulminant. Sufficient warning to patient about enucleation and intensive care is needed in the case of this infection.
Individual and joint contributions of genetic and methylation risk scores for enhancing lung cancer risk stratification: data from a population-based cohort in Germany
Authors: Yu Haixin , Raut Janhavi R. , Schöttker Ben , Holleczek Bernd , Zhang Yan , Brenner Hermann
Published: June 2020

Background

Risk stratification for lung cancer (LC) screening is so far mostly based on smoking history. This study aimed to assess if and to what extent such risk stratification could be enhanced by additional consideration of genetic risk scores (GRSs) and epigenetic risk scores defined by DNA methylation.

Methods

We conducted a nested case-control study of 143 incident LC cases and 1460 LC-free controls within a prospective cohort of 9949 participants aged 50–75 years with 14-year follow-up. Lifetime smoking history was obtained in detail at recruitment. We built a GRS based on 31 previously identified LC-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a DNA methylation score (MRS) based on methylation of 151 previously identified smoking-associated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) loci. We evaluated associations of GRS and MRS with LC incidence by logistic regression models, controlling for age, sex, smoking status, and pack-years. We compared the predictive performance of models based on pack-years alone with models additionally including GRS and/or MRS using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).

Results

GRS and MRS showed moderate and strong associations with LC risk even after comprehensive adjustment for smoking history (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI] comparing highest with lowest quartile 1.93 [1.05–3.71] and 5.64 [2.13–17.03], respectively). Similar associations were also observed within the risk groups of ever and heavy smokers. Addition of GRS and MRS furthermore strongly enhanced LC prediction beyond prediction by pack-years (increase of optimism-corrected AUC among heavy smokers from 0.605 to 0.654, NRI 26.7%, p = 0.0106, IDI 3.35%, p = 0.0036), the increase being mostly attributable to the inclusion of MRS.

Conclusions

Consideration of MRS, by itself or in combination with GRS, may strongly enhance LC risk stratification.
Implementing electronic decision-support tools to strengthen healthcare network data-driven decision-making
Authors: Rios-Zertuche Diego , Gonzalez-Marmol Alvaro , Millán-Velasco Francisco , Schwarzbauer Karla , Tristao Ignez
Published: June 2020

Background

Ministries of health in low- and middle-income countries often lack timely quality data for data-driven decision making in healthcare networks. We describe the design and implementation of decision-support electronic tools by the Ministry of Health of the State of Chiapas, in Mexico, as part of Salud Mesoamerica Initiative.

Methods

Three electronic decision-support tools were designed through an iterative process focused on streamlined implementation: 1) to collect and report health facility data at health facilities; 2) to compile and analyze data at health district and central level; and, 3) to support stratified sampling of health facilities. Data was collected for five composite indicators measuring availability of equipment, medicines, and supplies for maternal and child health. Quality Assurance Teams collected data, evaluated results and supported quality improvement. Data was also analyzed at the central level and health districts for decision-making.

Results

Data from 300 health facilities in four health districts was collected and analyzed (November 2014—June 2015). The first wave revealed gaps on availability of equipment and supplies in more than half of health facilities. Electronic tools provided the ministry of health officers new ways to visualize data, identify patterns and make hypothesis on root-causes. Between the first and second measurement, the number of missing items decreased, and actions performed by quality improvement teams became more proactive. In the final measurement, 89.7—100% of all health facilities achieved all the required items for each indicator.

Conclusions

Our experience could help guide others seeking to implement electronic decision-support tools in low- and middle-income countries. Electronic decision-support tools supported data-driven decision-making by identifying gaps on heatmaps and graphs at the health facility, subdistrict, district or state level. Through a rapid improvement process, the Ministry of Health met targets of externally verified indicators. Using available information technology resources facilitated prompt implementation and adoption of technology.
Correction to: Developing a systemic functional approach to teach multimodal literacy
Authors: Lim Fei Victor
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Cigarette smoking and schizophrenia: Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Chen Ruirui , Xiang Siying , Li Ningning , Gao Chengwen , Wu Chuanhong , Zhang Qian , Zhao Yalin , Liao Yanhui , Stewart Robert , Xu Yifeng , Shi Yongyong , Li Zhiqiang
Published: June 2020

Background

The link between schizophrenia and cigarette smoking has been well established through observational studies. However, the cause–effect relationship remains unclear.

Aims

We conducted Mendelian randomisation analyses to assess any causal relationship between genetic variants related to four smoking-related traits and the risk of schizophrenia.

Method

We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of smoking-related traits and schizophrenia (7711 cases, 18 327 controls) in East Asian populations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) correlated with smoking behaviours (smoking initiation, smoking cessation, age at smoking initiation and quantity of smoking) were investigated in relation to schizophrenia using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Further sensitivity analyses, including Mendelian randomisation-Egger (MR-Egger), weighted median estimates and leave-one-out analysis, were used to test the consistency of the results.

Results

The associated SNPs for the four smoking behaviours were not significantly associated with schizophrenia status. Pleiotropy did not inappropriately affect the results.

Conclusions

Cigarette smoking is a complex behaviour in people with schizophrenia. Understanding factors underlying the observed association remains important; however, our findings do not support a causal role of smoking in influencing risk of schizophrenia.
History and Current State of Radiation Oncology Services and Practice in Jordan
Authors: Khader Jamal , Al Mousa Abdelatif , Al-Kayed Samir , Mahasneh Hana , Mubaidin Rasmi , Al Nassir Nabeel , Khatib Sami , Qasem Adnan , Haddadin Inad , Elayan Elayan , Al Khatib Sondos
Published: June 2020

Radiation therapy (RT) for patients with cancer in Jordan began with a small individual effort and has now grown to be one of the most prominent treatment centers in the Middle East. Currently, there are 4 different centers that provide RT not only for the people of Jordan but also for citizens of other neighboring Arab countries. Because Jordan is a developing country, it still faces problems with the insufficient number of RT machines available and their supporting staff (physicists and technologists among others). In this article, we shed light on the history and current status of radiation oncology in Jordan and discuss the challenges we face.
The Central Role of Osteocytes in the Four Adaptive Pathways of Bone’s Mechanostat
Authors: Hughes Julie M. , Castellani Colleen M. , Popp Kristin L. , Guerriere Katelyn I. , Matheny Ronald W. , Nindl Bradley C. , Bouxsein Mary L.
Published: June 2020

We review evidence supporting an updated mechanostat model in bone that highlights the central role of osteocytes within bone's four mechanoadaptive pathways: 1) formation modeling and 2) targeted remodeling, which occur with heightened mechanical loading, 3) resorption modeling, and 4) disuse-mediated remodeling, which occur with disuse. These four pathways regulate whole-bone stiffness in response to changing mechanical demands.
Integration of cardiovascular nursing experts to enhance patient care
Authors: Bowers Nicola
Published: June 2020

This month, Nicola Bowers discusses the importance of integrating cardiovascular nursing experts and providing standardised competencies, especially in clinical research nursing.
Meet, exchange and evolve: UEG Week 2020 goes virtual
Authors: de Pater Marjon
Published: June 2020

President of the European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) introduces the congress
Care across the world: an international need for nurses
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: June 2020

Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, discusses different issues impacting the global nursing workforce
Case study: WhatsApp support through the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Britton Beth
Published: June 2020

As care homes seek innovative ways to support their residents through the lockdown, one care home group has turned to WhatsApp to connect and inspire its staff. Beth Britton reports on the establishment of the group and how the sharing of ideas has benefited both residents and staff
Cancelled NHS procedures: What are patients' rights?
Authors: Goodman Kate
Published: June 2020

In light of the new NHS coronavirus regulations to cancel non-emergency procedures, this article explains what this means for patients and their rights to healthcare
An education disadvantage gap is looming
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: June 2020

An analysis by a charity of the mental health of under-5s has warned that COVID-19 is likely to increase the strain on very young children and their parents
Are charity galas still relevant? An examination of generational differences in attitudes towards gala fundraising events
Authors: Fairbairn Fiona
Published: June 2020

Prompted by the scandal in 2018 concerning sexist behaviour at the Presidents Club’s charity gala in London in the UK and by the emerging literature within the field of philanthropy that finds generational differences in donor motivation and behaviour, this study examines whether the charity gala continues to be a relevant method of fundraising.

Taking a mixed-methods research approach, using surveys and interviews, the study captures the views and attitudes of 108 affluent donors and 53 fundraisers in the UK. Aside from a few minor differences, the study finds that donors across generations share similar attitudes towards galas, concluding that this fundraising method is still relevant, providing the charities have willing supporters with appropriate social networks.

The findings, of interest to scholars and practitioners alike, address a gap in empirical evidence regarding donor attitudes towards a specific type of fundraising as well as contributing to the broader discussion as to why people engage with philanthropy.
Dynamic microcirculation PIPE model for functional neuroimaging, non-neuroimaging, and coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy: blood volume and flow velocity variations, and vascular autoregulation
Authors: Xu M. , Zheng Yang , Chen Xinlin , Li Ying , Lin Weihao , Zeng Bixin
Published: June 2020

We present a dynamic microcirculation PIPE model for functional neuroimaging, non-neuroimaging, and coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy. The temporal evolution of the concentration and oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in tissue, comprised of the contributions from the arterioles, capillaries, and venules of microvasculature, is determined by time-resolved hemodynamic and metabolic variations in blood volume, flow velocity, and oxygen consumption with a fluid mechanics treatment. Key parameters regarding microcirculation can be assessed, including the effective blood transit times through the capillaries and the venules, and the rate constant of oxygen release from hemoglobin to tissue. The vascular autoregulation can further be quantified from the relationship between the resolved blood volume and flow velocity variations. The PIPE model shows excellent agreement with the experimental cerebral and cutaneous coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy (CHS) and fMRI-BOLD data. It further identifies the impaired cerebral autoregulation distinctively in hemodialysis patients compared to healthy subjects measured by CHS. This new dynamic microcirculation PIPE model provides a valuable tool for brain and other functional studies with hemodynamic-based techniques. It is instrumental in recovering physiological parameters from analyzing and interpreting the signals measured by hemodynamic-based neuroimaging and non-neuroimaging techniques such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in response to brain activation, physiological challenges, or physical maneuvers.
O papel das Bibliotecas Universitárias de Saúde e dos seus profissionais na promoção de competências em Literacia da Informação: O caso da Biblioteca das Ciências da Saúde da Universidade de Coimbra
Authors: Martins Teresa , Guerreiro Rita , Lima Sandra
Published: June 2020

É através dos recursos que a Biblioteca disponibiliza à Comunidade Académica que a qualidade do Ensino e da Investigação de qualquer Faculdade e/ou Universidade se evidencia. Embora não esteja prevista a participação da Biblioteca das Ciências da Saúde nas atividades letivas e de investigação das Unidades Curriculares das Faculdades de Farmácia e Medicina, a biblioteca desenvolve e disponibiliza uma série de serviços e recursos de apoio à comunidade académica de ambas as Faculdades da Universidade de Coimbra. Dentro desses serviços, destacamos os Serviços de Informação e Referência e os Serviços de Apoio à Investigação: O Serviço de Informação e Referência (SIR) pretende proporcionar aos utilizadores a assistência necessária à boa utilização dos serviços e recursos da Biblioteca, através de uma série de opções: a) Resposta a necessidades pontuais, presencialmente ou por e-mail; b) Serviço de pesquisa assistida, por marcação prévia; c) Ações de formação e informação dirigidas a todos os utilizadores. O Serviço de Apoio à Investigação dá a conhecer os recursos e as ferramentas úteis na medição da produção e impacto científicos. Apesar de, nos últimos anos, ter aumentado bastante a procura destes serviços, e dos esforços por parte da biblioteca para os divulgar e informar a comunidade académica, há ainda uma fraca adesão e essa adesão é feita principalmente por estudantes, na maioria das vezes porque tomaram conhecimento através de outros colegas, não por aconselhamento dos docentes. Por esse motivo, procuramos atrair os utilizadores, desde o 1.º ano do 1.º Ciclo, preferencialmente através da distribuição de flyers, através da página Web da BCSUC, das redes sociais, etc., mas consideramos que a colaboração com os docentes é inevitável. É também de extrema importância a integração de uma disciplina de Literacia da Informação no currículo académico.
O Serviço Integrado das Bibliotecas da Universidade de Coimbra: um percurso
Authors: Miguéis Ana Eva
Published: June 2020

O Serviço Integrado das Bibliotecas da Universidade de Coimbra (SIBUC), estrutura de apoio técnico e de coordenação das bibliotecas da Universidade de Coimbra, tem a missão de criar sinergias entre as bibliotecas, promover a colaboração entre si e dinamizar esforços comuns para a otimização dos recursos existentes e a melhoria da qualidade dos serviços prestados. Com o presente texto pretende­‑se explicar o que é o Serviço Integrado das Bibliotecas da Universidade de Coimbra (SIBUC), o contexto em que surgiu e em que atualmente intervém, as funções que desempenha, as atividades que promove e que desenha para o futuro.
Jaime Cortesão, correspondência de exílio para o irmão Armando
Authors: Do Amaral A. E. Maia
Published: June 2020

Publicação de 73 cartas da correspondência de Jaime Cortesão com o irmão mais novo Armando Cortesão. Abrangendo os anos de 1933 a 1941, cobrem parte significativa do exílio destes dois historiadores e resistentes antifascistas portugueses. O núcleo encontra-se integrado no Arquivo pessoal de Armando Cortesão, entregue à BGUC e incorporado em 2009, com a cotas Ms. AC.
Gentileza e agressão no espetáculo político contemporâneo
Authors: Marques Maria Aldina
Published: June 2020

Nesta entrevista, a professora e especialista em análise do discurso político Maria Aldina Marques apresentou um panorama de suas pesquisas, com ênfase na análise do discurso político parlamentar. Ela descreve expressões e/ou palavras prototípicas empregadas nesse discurso, atenta aos seus efeitos de polidez, gentileza ou agressão. Ela também discorre sobre a importância, no ensino de língua portuguesa, do trabalho com esse tipo de forma linguístico-enunciativa. Por fim, observa o paradigma atual da comunicação política em sua relação com o humor, que visa a divertir para melhor comunicar.
Efectos del estrés hídrico en crecimiento y desarrollo fisiológico de Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.
Authors: Valverde Otárola Juan Carlos , Arias Dagoberto
Published: June 2020

El estrés hídrico es una reacción fisiológica de las plantas ante la disponibilidad limitada de agua. Este estudio valoró el efecto del estrés en plántulas de Gliricidia sepium cultivadas en condiciones de invernadero, utilizando plantas testigo y dos tipos de estrés (lineal y cíclico). El estrés generó reducciones en el crecimiento en altura del 30 % y de la lámina foliar del 40 %. Las plantas con estrés lineal mostraron a los 98 días un estrés severo con valores fisiológicos mínimos (fotosíntesis 4.51 µmol m-2.s-1, transpiración 6.56 µmol m-2.s-1, conductancia 48.6 µmol m-2.s-1); en cambio, las plantas con estrés cíclico si bien se expusieron a un estrés moderado, mostraron recuperación con valores fisiológicos finales estables (fotosíntesis 12.96 µmol m-2.s-1, transpiración 6.22 µmol m-2.s-1, conductancia 196.05 µmol m-.2s-1), con un retardo del crecimiento del 30 % con respecto a las plantas testigo, encontrando que en 42 días de estrés la condición es grave.
Estimación de biomasa aérea de Eucalyptus grandis y Pinus spp. usando imágenes Sentinel1A y Sentinel2A en Colombia
Authors: Tovar Blanco Adriana Lizeth , Lizarazo Salcedo Iván Alberto , Rodríguez Eraso Nelly
Published: June 2020

La estimación de la biomasa aérea usando sistemas de aprendizaje automático es útil para conocer de forma rápida y sistemática la productividad en bosques y plantaciones. En este estudio la biomasa aérea (AGB) se estimó para las plantaciones forestales de Eucalyptus grandis y Pinus spp. ubicadas en el sector centro-oriental del departamento del Cauca (Colombia). Las variables de mayor incidencia en AGB para E. grandis fueron las bandas SWIR y las texturas de la polarización VV; mientras que para P. spp fueron CorrelaciónVV, GNDVI y B2. Los modelos obtenidos combinando datos ópticos y SAR muestran mejores resultados con un coeficiente de determinación R2 = 0.27 y un error cuadrado promedio EMC = 42.75 t.ha-1 en E. grandis, y R2 = 0.36 y EMC = 141.71 t.ha-1 en Pinus spp. El estudio demostró el potencial de combinar datos Sentinel para estimar la AGB en plantaciones comerciales y el uso de Randon forest para la construcción de los modelos, pero aún se requiere el estudio del acoplamiento espacial de los datos de campo y su incidencia en las estimaciones de los modelos, así como la pertinencia de adelantar estudios a nivel de especies para evaluar su incertidumbre.
Critical Security and Anthropology from the Middle East
Authors: El Dardiry Giulia , Hermez Sami
Published: June 2020

This colloquy takes the Middle East region as a starting point from which to explore a contrapuntal concept of security that is subverted from its original meaning and captured from the state. The essays follow the lives of revolutionary youth, doctors, commodity traders, refugees, and spies to examine their experiences of (in)security. In doing so, the essays deploy storytelling and other ethnographic forms to think of the political economy, emotions, flows, and ethics of security from the perspective of those living-in-crisis.
The Long Turning: A Palestinian Refugee in Belgium
Authors: Allan Diana
Published: June 2020

This article considers the duration and meaning of insecurity—as it is experienced over the course of a life and moves over borders—through the narrative of a Palestinian woman from Shatila now seeking asylum in Belgium. Structured around one person’s account of the asylum process, it considers what a singular case can reveal about a collective migrant condition, the inconstant line separating secure from insecure states, and the reconstitution of a secure self in conditions of chronic uncertainty.
The Work of Disaster: Building Back Otherwise in Post-Earthquake Nepal
Authors: Seale-Feldman Aidan
Published: June 2020

What does a disaster generate? This article brings a critical phenomenological approach into conversation with theories of event to trace the emergence of a mental health crisis and its consequences in Nepal after the 2015 earthquakes. Following the disaster, people who received psychosocial counseling often presented chronic problems that had become visible through the frame of crisis and its ethical demands. At the same time, humanitarian agencies were aware of the logics of crisis and strategically used the disaster as an opportunity to increase mental health governance under the rubric of “building back better.” I demonstrate that these phenomena are linked consequences of the work of disaster, the destruction and creation of worlds set into motion by disaster and its management. I argue that a phenomenological approach to disaster helps us attend to the ways a priori frames of crisis and “the better” create and foreclose possibilities both for care and for building the world back otherwise.

सारांश

विपदले के उत्पादन गर्छ? २०१५ सालको भुकम्पले निम्त्याएको मानसिक स्वास्थको संकट र नेपालमा त्यसका परिणामको उद्भव यस लेखले घटनाक्रियाविज्ञान (फेनोमेनोलोजी) र घटना सिद्धान्तको संवादबाट चित्रित गर्छ । २०१५ को विपद पछि, जुन जीर्ण समस्याहरु मनोसामाजिक परामर्श पाउनेहरुमा देखा पर्यो, यी समस्याहरु संकटको धारणा र संकटको बेलाको नैतिक जिम्मेवारीको माध्यम बाट मात्र बाहिर देख्न आइपुग्यो । त्यस समयमा मानवीय निकायहरुले पनि रणनीतिक तरिकाले विपदलाई मानसिक स्वास्थ प्रशाशनलाई अझ सहज बनाउने अवसरको रुपमा लिए, झन् राम्रो पुननिर्माण (‘बिल्डिंग ब्याक बेट्टर’) को शीर्षक मुनि । यी घटनाक्रम सबै ‘विपदका काम’ सित जुडेका परिणामहरु हुन भनेर म यस लेखमा उल्लेख गर्छु, जहाँ विपद र विपदका व्यवस्थापनले नयाँ संसारहरुका बिनाश र सिर्जना दुबै भैरहेका छन् । संकट र ‘झन् राम्रो’ जस्ता पूर्वनिर्धारित अवधारणाहरूले कसरी हेरचाह र पुननिर्माणका सम्भावनाहरुलाई संगसंगै उत्पादन एवम सिमित गर्छन भनेर बुझ्न घटनाक्रियाविज्ञानको दृष्टिकोणले सहयोग गर्छ भन्ने मेरो तर्क यस लेखमा प्रस्तुत गरेकी छु ।
Evaluation of production conditions of tomato grafted with different tobacco rootstocks and determining nicotine content and quality of fruit
Authors: TUNÇAY ÇAĞATAY Seda , ÇALIK KOÇ Gülşah , REZAEİ Fereshteh , DARCANSOY İŞERI Özlem , ŞAHIN Feride İffet , HABERAL Mehmet
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effects of grafting tomato on different tobacco rootstocks on quality factors and nicotine content. The commercial variety (Solanum lycopersicum ‘H2274’) (BIOTECH) of the tomato was used as the scion plant, and six different tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) rootstocks were used: Taşova, Tekel, Muş, Samsun, Dişbudak, Hasankeyf cultivars. Cleft grafting method was used in all plants. Yield of non-grafted and grafted plants grown in open-field conditions was calculated, and there was a significant increase in yield in grafted tomatoes compared to non-grafted tomatoes. There was significantly increased lycopene and β-carotene levels (mg kg-1), especially in ‘Tekel’, ‘Taşova’, ‘Samsun’, and ‘Hasankeyf’ tobacco grafts. There was a statistically significant difference between grafted and non-grafted plants according to 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical retention capacities and total phenol (TP) values. Evaluation of quality determinants including pH values, titratable acidity values (citric acid %), soluble solid content (SSC)(oBrix) , fruit size ratios, showed that tomatoes grafted with ‘Muş’ tobacco rootstock were of higher quality. There was no significant difference between grafted and non-grafted plants according to nicotine analysis of the tobacco-grafted tomatoes, and due to acceptable ranges of nicotin level on tobacco grafted tomato plants were considered to be suitable for consumption. It could be concluded that grafting practices have significantly positive effects on tomato yield and quality.
Creative Process Of Extracurricular Nasheed Al-Mutazam Integrated Boarding High School In Kuningan Barat Jawa Barat
Authors: Herlambang Agam , Suharto Suharto , Susetyo Bagus
Published: June 2020

Nasyid extracurricular students at SMAIT Al-Multazam are students with a lack of musical experience but produce musical abilities to create nasyid works. The aim of this research is to find out and describe how the creative process of nasyid extracurricular students in creating nasyid works. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and study of documents. The results of this study the creative process carried out by nasyid extracurricular students includes 4 stages, namely determining ideas, the process of creating nasyid lyrics, determining the chords in nasyid song lyrics, the method of composing chords on nasyid songs and the creation of a nasyid work. The conclusion is that the Nasyid extracurricular students are still in the learning stage but choose to pursue it to create a nasyid work so that it has a creative process to create nasyid works that can produce a work.
Form And Structure Selected Songs From Kidung Penghiburan Consolation Worship In GKI Indramayu
Authors: Dm Alberta , Muttaqin Moh.
Published: June 2020

Analysis of music form aims to peel and unravel the song thoroughly so that the contained elements in it can be found. The problem statement in this research is analysis of form song from Kidung Penghiburan. This research uses descriptive qualitative method and using several data collection techniques, including observation and documentation studies. Data will be validated by data triangulation. Data analysis techniques in this research uses data reduction, data presentation, conclusion withdrawal and verification. The result of this research showed that the songs from Kidung Penghiburan titled Pintu Gebang Terbukalah, Jalan Hidup Tak Selalu, Makin Dekat Tuhan, and Tuhan Allah Beserta Engkau are the two-part songs with different phrases arrangement and motif tabulation. Pintu Gebang Terbukalah’s form is A (a a’), B (b y), Jalan Hidup Tak Selalu’s form is A (a a’), A’ (a x), B (b y), Makin Dekat Tuhan’s form is A (a a’), B (b a’), and Tuhan Allah Beserta Engkau’s form is A (a a’), B (b b’).
Overlapping but Distinct Sequences Play Roles in the Insulator and Promoter Activities of the Drosophila BEAF-Dependent scs’ Insulator
Authors: Maharjan Mukesh , McKowen J Keller , Hart Craig M
Published: June 2020

Chromatin domain insulators are thought to help partition the genome into genetic units called topologically associating domains (TADs). In Drosophila, TADs are often separated by inter-TAD regions containing active housekeeping genes and associated insulator binding proteins. This raises the question of whether insulator binding proteins are involved primarily in chromosomal TAD architecture or gene activation, or if these two activities are linked. The Boundary Element-Associated Factor of 32 kDa (BEAF-32, or BEAF for short) is usually found in inter-TADs. BEAF was discovered based on binding to the scs’ insulator, and is important for the insulator activity of scs’ and other BEAF binding sites. There are divergent promoters in scs’ with a BEAF binding site by each. Here, we dissect the scs’ insulator to identify DNA sequences important for insulator and promoter activity, focusing on the half of scs’ with a high affinity BEAF binding site. We find that the BEAF binding site is important for both insulator and promoter activity, as is another sequence we refer to as LS4. Aside from that, different sequences play roles in insulator and promoter activity. So while there is overlap and BEAF is important for both, insulator and promoter activity can be separated.
“PLACES OF MEMORY” TRANSFORMATION IN POST-SOVIET KYIV’S CULTURAL PLACES A CASE OF JANUARY UPRISING STREET
Authors: Prymachenko Yana
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the transformation of “places of memory” in post-Soviet Kyiv’s cultural space based on the case of January Uprising Street. The main attention focuses on three events crucial for Ukrainian history in the twentieth century: the 1917–1921 Ukrainian Revolution, Holodomor and the Second World War. The author highlights the change in the ideological connotation and cultural representations of Soviet “places of memory” during almost thirty years of Ukrainian independence.

The former January Uprising Street, which today consists of two streets – Ivan Mazepa and Lavrska – would for a long period of time signify the key events of Soviet history: October Revolution Civil war and World War II. The Park of Eternal Glory and Memorial complex “Ukrainian State Museum of the History of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945” (now known as the National Museum of the history of Ukraine in the Second World War) built into the historical space pf the ancient Kyiv had to propagate the main Soviet historical event. After Ukraine gained independence the space along the former January Upraising Street has transformed greatly. The public space has been affected by the rediscovery of forgotten and erased events.
Médicas cubanas em um Brasil “que não está nas novelas”
Authors: Almeida Santos Sandro Martins de
Published: June 2020

Em 2013, o governo brasileiro lançou o Programa Mais Médicos para o Brasil (PMM) com o objetivo de suprir a falta de médicos/as para atendimento no Sistema Único de Saúde. Cerca de 12.000 cubanos/as chegaram ao país para ocupar posições em localidades não atendidas por brasileiros/as. Trago para reflexão a experiência de quatro mulheres-médicas lotadas em áreas de difícil acesso, no contexto da Amazônia Legal brasileira – um Brasil diferente daquele projetado internacionalmente pelas telenovelas. O artigo tem como objetivo analisar nuances interseccionais de gênero em contraste com o status profissional dessas mulheres, no âmbito do PMM. O texto procura responder, com base em entrevistas em profundidade sobre suas interações socioculturais na Amazônia brasileira, como a condição híbrida/ciborgue de mulher e médica influenciou de maneira peculiar as relações das cubanas com as populações locais e colegas de trabalho. Questiona-se em que medida as percepções sobre as capacidades técnicas se sobrepõem às diferenças de gênero, contudo sem extingui-las. São analisadas: i) as expectativas sobre o Brasil e a realidade encontrada nas longas viagens por água e por terra; ii) o exercício da medicina na Amazônia; e iii) a proximidade com os/as brasileiros/as e a distância em relação aos familiares em Cuba. Por fim, é discutido o conceito de “isonomia tecnocrática ideal”, chamando atenção para o mascaramento das diferenças de gênero sob o discurso de uma aparente igualdade em termos de qualificação profissional.
Memoria y curación de la guerra. El baile Carijona de los Murui-Muinai. Una perspectiva carijona
Authors: Tobón Marco
Published: June 2020

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la capacidad del baile de Carijona, celebrado por los Murui-muinai, de rechazar lo atroz. Un baile que actúa como política, es decir, trata cuestiones públicas sobre el poder y la muerte, sobre las posibilidades de la reconciliación y la transformación de cuerpos feroces en cuerpos que danzan, que celebran. Inicialmente se presentan algunas referencias históricas sobre los carijona, luego se expone la perspectiva murui-muinai sobre el origen del baile y, posteriormente, con mayor atención, la narración sobre el baile por Kharibiyú, Armando Carebilla, del clan beré-bere, uno de los pocos abuelos carijona sobrevivientes que vive hoy en día en la ciudad de Leticia, Amazonas. Las ideas expuestas son resultado de varias temporadas de trabajo de campo etnográfico (2014, 2016, 2018, 2019) con algunas personas de los territorios indígenas de Monochoa, Araracuara, Puerto Santander, Villa Azul y Aduche, en el medio río Caquetá, así como en Leticia - Amazonas.
Ríos y reconciliación profunda: la reconstrucción de la memoria socio-ecológica en tiempos de conflicto y “transición” en Colombia
Authors: Lyons Kristina
Published: June 2020

En Colombia hay un creciente debate público sobre el reconocimiento de la naturaleza como víctima de la guerra y sobre las consecuentes acciones de reparación en el marco del pos-Acuerdo de Paz y la justicia transicional. Estas incluyen la llamada “reconstrucción de la memoria ambiental” de la guerra. A partir de un proyecto de reconstrucción de memoria socioecológica de la cuenca del río Mandur, en Puerto Guzmán, Putumayo, este artículo argumenta cómo un proyecto comunitario de investigación acción participativa sobre la memoria del conflicto y su relación con la degradación socioambiental constituye una estrategia metodológica alternativa para la reconciliación y la construcción de paz territorial. Así mismo, propone que este ejercicio es necesario para la construcción de una “reconciliación profunda” a partir del mejoramiento de los conflictos.
Los imaginantes y el ser del rio
Authors: Sierra Catalina
Published: June 2020

El universo del río Amazonas carga en su cauce un tejido mítico que configura ritos y procesos sociales, culturales, políticos y económicos. Este artículo se aproxima a esa configuración mítica desde un trabajo fotográfico anclado en experiencias de viaje, trabajo comunitario y en dos conceptos: la imaginación dinámica de Gaston Bachelard y la visión tikuna (expuesta en las investigaciones de Abel Santos), que entiende el río como ser y cuerpo, en relación recíproca con los otros seres de la selva. Es también un deseo imagético de explorar otras formas de habitar, de proponer una lectura en la que la mirada y la imaginación se trasladen a las fotografías para establecer relaciones y sentidos y, mediante imágenes visuales y escritas, incitar un viaje a través del río, descubriendo tensiones entre el habitar tradicional y moderno.
Absoluteness theorems for arbitrary Polish spaces
Authors: Mejía Diego Alejandro , Rivera-Madrid Ismael E.
Published: June 2020

By coding Polish metric spaces with metrics on countable sets, we propose an interpretation of Polish metric spaces in models of ZFC and extend Mostowski's classical theorem of absoluteness of analytic sets for any Polish metric space in general. In addition, we prove a general version of Shoenfield's absoluteness theorem.
On Symmetric (1, 1)-Coherent Pairs and Sobolev Orthogonal polynomials: an algorithm to compute Fourier coefficients
Authors: Dueñas Ruiz Herbert , Marcellán Francisco , Molano Alejandro
Published: June 2020

In the pioneering paper [13], the concept of Coherent Pair was introduced by Iserles et al. In particular, an algorithm to compute Fourier Coefficients in expansions of Sobolev orthogonal polynomials defined from coherent pairs of measures supported on an infinite subset of the real line is described. In this paper we extend such an algorithm in the framework of the so called Symmetric (1, 1)-Coherent Pairs presented in [8].
Fluks Co2 di Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Bintan, Propinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: R. Fachri Faridz , - Afdal , Sartimbul A. , Hidayati N.
Published: June 2020

Proses pertukaran CO2  yang terjadi antara permukaan air laut dengan atmosfer merupakan aspek yang penting terhadap siklus karbon di samudera. Wilayah pesisir memiliki kontribusi besar dalam proses ini, karena kompleksnya interaksi yang terjadi antara atmosfer, daratan dan lautan. Proses penting dalam dinamika gas CO2 antara atmosfer dan air laut diawali dengan fungsi daya larut CO2 dan kecepatan transfer gas CO2 di permukaan laut atau disebut fluks CO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena fluks CO2  antara permukaan air laut dengan atmosfer di pesisir timur Pulau Bintan beserta komponen sink dan source-nya, serta mengetahui parameter yang paling dominan terhadap proses tersebut, meliputi parameter fisika-kimia oseanografi, serta parameter sistem CO2 pada kurun waktu 16-18 Maret 2013. Permodelan OCMIP digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai pCO2 air laut dalam penentuan nilai fluks CO2. Hasil analisis menunjukkan secara kesuluruhan perairan pesisir timur Pulau Bintan berperan sebagai penyerap CO2 (sink) dengan  rata-rata  emisi  CO2   dari  atmosfer  yang  masuk  ke  wilayah  permukaan  laut  sebesar  -0,43mmolC/m2/hari.  Analisis  statistik  Principal  Component  Analysis  (PCA)  menunjukkan  parameter  yangdominan terhadap perubahan nilai fluks CO2 adalah salinitas, konsentrasi Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), pCO2 air laut, serta nilai selisih tekanan parsial CO2 antara air laut dengan atmosfer (ΔpCO2). Kondisi fluks CO2  di pesisir timur Pulau Bintan lebih dipengaruhi oleh variasi musim dan dinamika oseanografi perairan Natuna serta Laut Cina Selatan dibandingkan dengan pengaruh dari daratan.
Variabilitas Pola Arus dan Gelombang di Selat Karimata
Authors: Heriati Aida , Mustikasari Eva , Azhar M. Al
Published: June 2020

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai kondisi parameter fisik di daerah perairan Selat Karimata, yaitu kondisi angin, kondisi pasang surut, kondisi gelombang dan kondisi arus hasil dari pemodelan oseanografi. Data yang digunakan untuk pengolahan adalah data angin dari hasil pengamatan, data pasang surut dari Tide Model Driver (TMD) dan data batimetri dari GEBCO. Kejadian angin paling dominan terjadi adalah dari arah selatan dengan prosentase kejadian sebanyak 7,4%, tenggara 6,8% dan timur 6,5% dan hasil pemodelan gelombang menggunakan metode Sverdrup-Munk-Bretschneider memperlihatkan kondisi gelombang dengan arah gelombang dominan adalah arah tenggara dengan jumlah prosentase kejadian sebesar 6,76 %, dengan prosentase yang paling tinggi adalah pada kejadian gelombang dengan ketinggian 0,1 – 1 m. Tipe pasang surut yang terjadi di Selat Karimata adalah tipe pasang surut tipe tunggal (diurnal tides). Kondisi arus hasil pemodelan di perairan Selat Karimata menunjukkan bahwa arus yang kuat terjadi pada saat kondisi pasang dengan kecepatan maksimum arus yang terjadi adalah sebesar 0,6 m/dtk yang terjadi pada kondisi pasang menuju surut purnama.
A Dataset for Low-Resource Stylized Sequence-to-Sequence Generation
Authors: Wu Yu , Wang Yunli , Liu Shujie
Published: June 2020

Low-resource stylized sequence-to-sequence (S2S) generation is in high demand. However, its development is hindered by the datasets which have limitations on scale and automatic evaluation methods. We construct two large-scale, multiple-reference datasets for low-resource stylized S2S, the Machine Translation Formality Corpus (MTFC) that is easy to evaluate and the Twitter Conversation Formality Corpus (TCFC) that tackles an important problem in chatbots. These datasets contain context to source style parallel data, source style to target parallel data, and non-parallel sentences in the target style to enable the semi-supervised learning. We provide three baselines, the pivot-based method, the teacher-student method, and the back-translation method. We find that the pivot-based method is the worst, and the other two methods achieve the best score on different metrics.
Coordinated Reasoning for Cross-Lingual Knowledge Graph Alignment
Authors: Xu Kun , Song Linfeng , Feng Yansong , Song Yan , Yu Dong
Published: June 2020

Existing entity alignment methods mainly vary on the choices of encoding the knowledge graph, but they typically use the same decoding method, which independently chooses the local optimal match for each source entity. This decoding method may not only cause the “many-to-one” problem but also neglect the coordinated nature of this task, that is, each alignment decision may highly correlate to the other decisions. In this paper, we introduce two coordinated reasoning methods, i.e., the Easy-to-Hard decoding strategy and joint entity alignment algorithm. Specifically, the Easy-to-Hard strategy first retrieves the model-confident alignments from the predicted results and then incorporates them as additional knowledge to resolve the remaining model-uncertain alignments. To achieve this, we further propose an enhanced alignment model that is built on the current state-of-the-art baseline. In addition, to address the many-to-one problem, we propose to jointly predict entity alignments so that the one-to-one constraint can be naturally incorporated into the alignment prediction. Experimental results show that our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance and our reasoning methods can also significantly improve existing baselines.
ALK-Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in 2020: Real-World Triumphs in an Era of Multigeneration ALK-Inhibitor Sequencing Informed by Drug Resistance Profiling
Authors: Itchins Malinda , Lau Brandon , Hudson Amanda L. , Westman Helen , Xia Cathy Yi , Hayes Sarah A. , Howell Viive M. , Rodriguez Michael , Cooper Wendy A. , Wei Heng , Buckland Michael , Li Bob T. , Li Mark , Rathi Vivek , Fox Stephen B. , Gill Anthony J. , Clarke Stephen J. , Boyer Michael J. , Pavlakis Nick
Published: June 2020

Since its discovery in 2007, we have seen the lives of patients diagnosed with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) transform with the advent of molecular therapies with first-, second-, and third-generation ALK inhibitors now available in the clinic. Despite great gains in patient survival now measured in years and preserved quality of life with targeted therapies, drug resistance is unfortunately inevitably encountered in this rare and unique molecular subset of lung cancer, and patients will eventually succumb to the disease. As these patients are often young, fit, and never smokers, the clinical and scientific communities have aligned to expedite drug development and access. Drug resistance profiling and further strategies are being explored through clinical trials, including the evaluation of specific drug sequencing and combinations to overcome such resistance and promote patient longevity. The cases of this report focus on precision medicine and aim to portray the pertinent aspects to consider when treating ALK-rearranged NSCLC in 2020, an ever-shifting space. By way of case examples, this report offers valuable information to the treating clinician, including the evolution of systemic treatments and the management of oligo-progression and multisite drug resistance. With the maturation of real-world data, we are fortunate to be experiencing quality and length of life for patients with this disease surpassing prior expectations in advanced lung cancer.

Key Points

This report focuses on the importance of genetic analysis of serial biopsies to capture the dynamic therapeutic vulnerabilities of a patient's tumor, providing a perspective on the complexity of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALKi) treatment sequencing. These case examples contribute to the literature on ALK-rearranged and oncogene addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing a framework for care in the clinic. In oligo-progressive disease, local ablative therapy and continuation of ALKi postprogression should be considered with potential for sustained disease control. ALK G1202R kinase domain mutations (KDM), highly prevalent at resistance to second-generation ALKi resistances, may emerge in non-EML4-ALK variant 3 cases and is sensitive to third-generation lorlatinib. When in compound with one or more ALK KDMs, resistance to lorlatinib is expected. In the case of rampantly progressive disease, rebiopsy and redefining biology in a timely manner may be informative.
Zebrafish Embryo Dissociation for MACS v1
Authors: Wattrus Sam
Published: June 2020

Method of zebrafish embryo dissociation and microbead binding for magnetic enrichment by MACS.