bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ABCA1 transporter promotes the motility of human melanoma cells by modulating their plasma membrane organization
Authors: Wu Ambroise , Mazurkiewicz Ewa , Donizy Piotr , Kotowski Krzysztof , Pieniazek Małgorzata , Mazur Antonina J. , Czogalla Aleksander , Trombik Tomasz
Published: June 2023

Background

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and deadliest skin tumor. Cholesterol content in melanoma cells is elevated, and a portion of it accumulates into lipid rafts. Therefore, the plasma membrane cholesterol and its lateral organization might be directly linked with tumor development. ATP Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1) transporter modulates physico-chemical properties of the plasma membrane by modifying cholesterol distribution. Several studies linked the activity of the transporter with a different outcome of tumor progression depending on which type. However, no direct link between human melanoma progression and ABCA1 activity has been reported yet.

Methods

An immunohistochemical study on the ABCA1 level in 110 patients-derived melanoma tumors was performed to investigate the potential association of the transporter with melanoma stage of progression and prognosis. Furthermore, proliferation, migration and invasion assays, extracellular-matrix degradation assay, immunochemistry on proteins involved in migration processes and a combination of biophysical microscopy analysis of the plasma membrane organization of Hs294T human melanoma wild type, control (scrambled), ABCA1 Knockout (ABCA1 KO) and ABCA1 chemically inactivated cells were used to study the impact of ABCA1 activity on human melanoma metastasis processes.

Results

The immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples showed that high level of ABCA1 transporter in human melanoma is associated with a poor prognosis. Depletion or inhibition of ABCA1 impacts invasion capacities of aggressive melanoma cells. Loss of ABCA1 activity partially prevented cellular motility by affecting active focal adhesions formation via blocking clustering of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinases and active integrin β3. Moreover, ABCA1 activity regulated the lateral organization of the plasma membrane in melanoma cells. Disrupting this organization, by increasing the content of cholesterol, also blocked active focal adhesion formation.

Conclusion

Human melanoma cells reorganize their plasma membrane cholesterol content and organization via ABCA1 activity to promote motility processes and aggressiveness potential. Therefore, ABCA1 may contribute to tumor progression and poor prognosis, suggesting ABCA1 to be a potential metastatic marker in melanoma.
Using Measurable Residual Disease to Optimize Management of AML, ALL, and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Dekker Simone E. , Rea Delphine , Cayuela Jean-Michel , Arnhardt Isabell , Leonard Jessica , Heuser Michael
Published: June 2023

In this review, we discuss the use of measurable residual disease (MRD) in AML, ALL, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Our aims were to review the different methodologies for MRD assessment; describe the clinical relevance and medical decision making on the basis of MRD; compare and contrast the usage of MRD across AML, ALL, and CML; and discuss what patients need to know about MRD as it relates to their disease status and treatment. Finally, we discuss ongoing challenges and future directions with the goal of optimizing MRD usage in leukemia management.
Blinatumomab Conundrum in Low-Risk Relapsed B-Cell ALL
Authors: Maese Luke D. , Pulsipher Michael A.
Published: June 2023

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice.

BACKGROUND

The Children's Oncology Group (COG) AALL1331 trial demonstrated improved survival and less toxicity in children with high-/intermediate-risk relapsed ALL receiving blinatumomab compared with intensive chemotherapy before hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT). The low-risk arm of AALL1331 compared addition of three cycles of blinatumomab to chemotherapy alone, but a survival improvement was not noted. Secondary analyses showed improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of low-risk patients with bone marrow disease ± extramedullary (EM) involvement (4-year DFS 72.7% ± 5.8% v 53.7% ± 6.7%; 4-year OS 97.1% ± 2.1% v 84.8% ± 4.8%), but failed to show an advantage with blinatumomab for patients with isolated EM relapse. Of note, DFS of isolated CNS (iCNS) relapse was worse than previous studies at 24% on both arms, likely because of decreases in CNS-intensive therapy compared with previous approaches and inadequacy of blinatumomab for controlling CNS disease.

CASE

Our case of late isolated CNS B-cell ALL relapse outlines challenges for clinicians attempting to decrease toxicity and avoid HSCT: (1) defining of low risk appropriately, (2) attempting to reduce the treatment burden of past protocols, and (3) understanding approach and timing of cranial irradiation.

APPROACH

Although AALL1331 therapy without blinatumomab leads to excellent survival in patients with isolated testicular relapse, we recommend a modified AALL02P2 backbone of chemotherapy with 1,800 cGy cranial radiotherapy for patients with late iCNS relapse. Future studies integrating chimeric antigen receptor T cells, which have better CNS penetration, may help decrease the intensive treatment burden for patients with late iCNS recurrence.
Tracing the Bunny
Authors: Guo Shaohua
Published: June 2023

Since the 2010s, “we, the rabbit” has gained currency as an internet slang term referring to China, Chinese ethnicity, and the Chinese Communist Party. The recent popularity of the rabbit as a metonym for the nation is boosted by the varied multimedia forms of bunny characters appearing in historical narratives, web comics, games, and most important, the patriotic animated series Year Hare Affair. Juxtaposing commercial ambitions with a nationalist agenda, Year Hare Affair narrates historical events by personifying countries as anthropomorphic animals. Taking the viral rise of Year Hare Affair as a case study, this article delineates a genealogy of the bunny characters in Chinese popular culture. The transmedia forms of bunny characters, including those appearing in texts, comics, animated programs, and games, provide room for the construction of unstable meanings revolving around the bunny. Consequently, while such animated series align with official narratives of history, they also tone down the weight of those narratives by employing a variety of narrative devices, including parody, game-related motifs, and space-time manipulation. Through these diverse representations, the political message is sometimes enhanced and sometimes playfully challenged. Read in this light, the bunny's evolving trajectory in contemporary popular culture speaks volumes about the dynamics between digital aesthetics and politics, as well as the multiplicity of discourses generated as they meet.
Innovation in entrepreneurship during the time of COVID-19: a scoping review of the scientific evidence from Peru
Authors: Fernández-Bedoya Víctor Hugo , Meneses-La-Riva Monica Elisa , Suyo-Vega Josefina Amanda , Grijalva-Salazar Rosario Violeta , Gago-Chávez Johanna de Jesús Stephanie , Ocupa-Cabrera Hitler Giovanni , Alvarado-Suyo Sofía Almendra , Ocupa-Meneses Giovanni Di Deus
Published: June 2023

Background: Entrepreneurship involves the actions of designing, launching and managing a business that initially starts small and grows along with the human structure that integrates it.  The health crisis caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had negative effects on health, but also on business; many ventures had to innovate in order to survive in this uncertain environment. Peru is a country located in Latin America, recognized for its high levels of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, so this scooping review sought to identify the experiences of innovation in entrepreneurship in times of COVID-19 in that country.

Methods: We explored the Scopus and Scielo databases for records detailing innovation in entrepreneurship in both English and Spanish. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were: published between March 11, 2020, to May 5, 2023; English, Spanish, and Portuguese language; original articles that present both quantitative and qualitative results; within Peru; articles with an assigned issue and volume number. The search results identified 5 Peruvian experiences that met the research objectives.

Results: The records identified deal with innovations in social entrepreneurship, women's entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship in the educational sector, and new business tools applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sources where these records were disclosed were South American journals (3 cases) and conference proceedings (2 cases). The language of the articles was recorded, identifying that most of them are written in Spanish (official language of Peru).

Conclusions: We recommend the regional scientific community to disseminate the results of their research in scientific journals indexed in high-level databases in order to have greater visibility.
Ergonomic Risk and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Rice Farmers at Karang Tanjung Village, Karawang Regency
Authors: Rahdiana Nana , Suhardiman Sani , Sukarman Sukarman
Published: June 2023

This study discussed musculoskeletal risk analysis related to ergonomics, occupational safety, and health in agriculture in the Karawang district. Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are occupational diseases that cause pain in the joints. The working position of rice farmers, especially during planting rice seeds and harvesting rice, is not suitable for ergonomics. This study aims to identify the MSDs experienced by farmers in Karang Tanjung village, Karawang district. The study used an analytical method using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) and RULA questionnaires to assess work posture. A sample of 30 workers was chosen for an observational cross-sectional study. The results showed that the ergonomic risk level entered level 4 in the high category. The most dominant MSDs felt by rice farmers in Karang Tanjung village were the waist (98%) and the neck (95%). This research was expected to serve as a model for future musculoskeletal risk reduction research.
Building capacity and capability for quality improvement: developing an organisational approach
Authors: Frasquilho Francisco , Brittin Katherine , Chitewe Auzewell , Aurelio Marco , Ballingall Nicola , Lloyd Robert , Shah Amar
Published: June 2023

There has been an increase in the adoption of quality improvement methods to tackle complex problems in healthcare. One of the key requisites for sustainable quality improvement is ensuring that organisations have the capacity and capability to make these changes effectively. This article uses a case study methodology to describe the learning from 9 years of developing, delivering and evaluating quality improvement learning programmes at East London NHS Foundation Trust. The key quality improvement learning progammes are evaluated using a Kirkpatrick framework across four levels: reaction, learning, behaviour and outcomes. Five key principles were identified: using a dosing approach; standardising development, delivery and evaluation; developing a community to support learners; making training relevant; and the importance of leadership. However, the authors believe that more research is needed to develop standardised approaches to evaluating quality improvement capability building and to understand why some quality improvement projects are less successful than others.
The high-speed revolution: a practical guide to friction grip burs
Authors: Bonsor Stephen J , Mackenzie Louis
Published: June 2023

The practice of restorative dentistry frequently involves the preparation of the dental hard tissues and the use of restorative materials. Efficient armamentaria are required to facilitate this process with the friction grip bur used at high speed being the most commonly used operative instrument in contemporary clinical dentistry. This article describes the various friction grip burs that are available to the restorative dentist offering a practical guide as to their selection and usage. Furthermore, techniques are described to optimise outcomes while minimizing iatrogenic damage when working clinically.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of different friction grip burs used in contemporary restorative dentistry should facilitate their optimum usage and minimize complications.
Iatrogenic perforation management using calcium silicate cement: a case report
Authors: Chopra Viresh
Published: June 2023

The world today is literate enough about the basics of oral health conditions and available treatment options. Due to the availability of many resources on different platforms the urge to retain natural teeth rather than have extractions has increased. Dental catastrophes are sometimes unavoidable in everyday dental practice. The prime motive should be patient benefit while the general dental practitioner (GDP) identifies the risks associated with the case, availability of equipment and enhanced operator skill when deciding to the referral of the patient to a specialist. Most failed root canal treatment cases have one or more associated endodontic errors. This case report presents stepwise management of such a case of iatrogenic perforation that occurred during the initial endodontic management. It emphasizes the significance of evidence-based treatment planning, role of magnification, selection of the appropriate armamentarium for performing root canal treatment, use of bioactive materials that collectively demonstrate peri-apical healing following the repair of endodontic mishaps. It also emphasizes on the importance of recall in such cases where adequate healing can be tracked over a period.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of management of iatrogenic perforations is useful information for clinicians.
The role of cannabidiol in modulating chronic neuropathic orofacial pain
Authors: Lee Ronan , Renton Tara
Published: June 2023

Chronic neuropathic orofacial pain is an extremely debilitating disorder that poses a burden to patients as well as the economy. Although a common condition, the management and treatment for those affected remains limited. Cannabidiol is a safe, non-psychoactive compound derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, which possesses properties that can modulate pain, including anti-neuropathic, anti-nociception and anti-inflammatory capacities. Although research is limited, cannabidiol may be able to treat chronic orofacial pain in some neurological, neurovascular and idiopathic conditions. This article aims to increase awareness of cannabidiol, and its possible use for future treatment of chronic neuropathic orofacial pain.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Cannabidiol may be useful as a treatment for chronic neuropathic orofacial pain.
When Occam's razor loses its edge: the simplest explanation isn't always correct
Authors: Hennigan Máiréad , Henderson Simon , Burke Ezra
Published: June 2023

Dental infections are common in children. Occam's razor, typically paraphrased, suggests that the simplest solution is most likely the right one. We report a case of an 11-year-old child who presented with right-sided facial swelling, fever, trismus, and a heavily broken-down right maxillary molar with a large apical radiolucency. After admitting the child, intravenous antibiotics and fluids were prescribed in preparation for the extraction of the UR6 and LR6 in theatre early the next morning. However, 9 hours later, before surgery, the patient unexpectedly and rapidly deteriorated neurologically. MRI and CT examination revealed a diagnosis of a subdural empyema. This emergency was managed with a multidisciplinary team, involving neurosurgeons, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, otolaryngologists, and radiologists. The case highlights the importance of not assuming that the simplest diagnosis is always the only, or most appropriate, one to make.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Regarding patients with a facial swelling, high order thinking may be required in clinical diagnosis.
Laser-amplified nonvolatile charge trapping effect in semiconductor quantum dot structures
Authors: Cao Yuhong , Jiang Kang’an , Zhao Zhuyikang , Wang Hui
Published: June 2023

Optoelectronic memory is attracting tremendous attention as an emerging strategy to emulate the human visual system. However, most devices to date focus on converting visual information in real time, rarely meeting the expectation of memorizing that information. Here, we report the discovery of a light-induced nonvolatile trapping effect that shows remarkable long-term storage of optical signals in a molybdenum disulfide quantum dot memory structure. Moreover, the charge trapping capability can be enhanced almost threefold after laser irradiation, in contrast to pure electrical means. We ascribe this to barrier modulation driven by the electric and light fields. By designing an optoelectronic memory array, we demonstrate that this effect can be applied simultaneously for image sensing and preprocessing, as well as in neuromorphic reinforcement learning. This work could enable the development of photosensitive artificial intelligence devices.
Can the application of machine learning to electronic health records guide antibiotic prescribing decisions for suspected urinary tract infection in the Emergency Department?
Authors: Rockenschaub Patrick , Gill Martin J. , McNulty Dave , Carroll Orlagh , Freemantle Nick , Shallcross Laura
Published: June 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major cause of emergency hospital admissions, but it remains challenging to diagnose them reliably. Application of machine learning (ML) to routine patient data could support clinical decision-making. We developed a ML model predicting bacteriuria in the ED and evaluated its performance in key patient groups to determine scope for its future use to improve UTI diagnosis and thus guide antibiotic prescribing decisions in clinical practice. We used retrospective electronic health records from a large UK hospital (2011–2019). Non-pregnant adults who attended the ED and had a urine sample cultured were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome was predominant bacterial growth ≥104 cfu/mL in urine. Predictors included demography, medical history, ED diagnoses, blood tests, and urine flow cytometry. Linear and tree-based models were trained via repeated cross-validation, re-calibrated, and validated on data from 2018/19. Changes in performance were investigated by age, sex, ethnicity, and suspected ED diagnosis, and compared to clinical judgement. Among 12,680 included samples, 4,677 (36.9%) showed bacterial growth. Relying primarily on flow cytometry parameters, our best model achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.813 (95% CI 0.792–0.834) in the test data, and achieved both higher sensitivity and specificity compared to proxies of clinician’s judgement. Performance remained stable for white and non-white patients but was lower during a period of laboratory procedure change in 2015, in patients ≥65 years (AUC 0.783, 95% CI 0.752–0.815), and in men (AUC 0.758, 95% CI 0.717–0.798). Performance was also slightly reduced in patients with recorded suspicion of UTI (AUC 0.797, 95% CI 0.765–0.828). Our results suggest scope for use of ML to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions by improving diagnosis of suspected UTI in the ED, but performance varied with patient characteristics. Clinical utility of predictive models for UTI is therefore likely to differ for important patient subgroups including women <65 years, women ≥65 years, and men. Tailored models and decision thresholds may be required that account for differences in achievable performance, background incidence, and risks of infectious complications in these groups.
Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in resource-limited settings: A cost analysis study of diagnostic tests using different Ag-RDTs and RT-PCR technologies in Mozambique
Authors: Manjate Nelmo Jordão , Sitoe Nádia , Sambo Júlia , Guimarães Esperança , Canana Neide , Chilaúle Jorfélia , Viegas Sofia , Nguenha Neuza , Jani Ilesh , Russo Giuliano
Published: June 2023

Early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is fundamental to reduce the risk of community transmission and mortality, as well as public sector expenditures. Three years after the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there are still gaps on what is known regarding costs and cost drivers for the major diagnostic testing strategies in low- middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to estimate the cost of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis of symptomatic suspected patients by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT) in Mozambique. We conducted a retrospective cost analysis from the provider’s perspective using a bottom-up, micro-costing approach, and compared the direct costs of two nasopharyngeal Ag-RDTs (Panbio and Standard Q) against the costs of three nasal Ag-RDTs (Panbio, COVIOS and LumiraDx), and RT-PCR. The study was undertaken from November 2020 to December 2021 in the country’s capital city Maputo, in four healthcare facilities at primary, secondary and tertiary levels of care, and at one reference laboratory. All the resources necessary for RT-PCR and Ag-RDT tests were identified, quantified, valued, and the unit costs per test and per facility were estimated. Our findings show that the mean unit cost of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis by nasopharyngeal Ag-RDTs was MZN 728.00 (USD 11.90, at 2020 exchange rates) for Panbio and MZN 728.00 (USD 11.90) for Standard Q. For diagnosis by nasal Ag-RDTs, Panbio was MZN 547.00 (USD 8.90), COVIOS was MZN 768.00 (USD 12.50), and LumiraDx was MZN 798.00 (USD 13.00). Medical supplies expenditures represented the main driver of the final cost (>50%), followed by personnel and overhead costs (mean 15% for each). The mean unit cost regardless of the type of Ag-RDT was MZN 714.00 (USD 11.60). Diagnosis by RT-PCR cost MZN 2,414 (USD 39.00) per test. Our sensitivity analysis suggests that focussing on reducing medical supplies costs would be the most cost-saving strategy for governments in LMICs, particularly as international prices decrease. The cost of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis using Ag-RDTs was three times lower than RT-PCR testing. Governments in LMICs can include cost-efficient Ag-RDTs in their screening strategies, or RT-PCR if international costs of such supplies decrease further in the future. Additional analyses are recommended as the costs of testing can be influenced by the sample referral system.
Recombinant expression and preliminary characterization of Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans-isomerase Rrd1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kashif Mohd , Alsaiari Ahad Amer , Kumar Bhupendra , Asalam Mohd , Khan Mohammad Imran , Ahmad Abrar , Lone Rayees Ahmad , Almehmadi Mazen , Zamzami Mazin A. , Akhtar Mohd Sohail
Published: June 2023

Sacchromycescerevisiae Peptidyl-prolylcis/trans-isomerase Rrd1 has been linked to DNA repair, bud morphogenesis, advancement of the G1 phase, DNA replication stress, microtubule dynamics and is also necessary for the quick decrease in Sgs1p levels in response to rapamycin. In present study, Rrd1 gene was amplified by standard PCR and subsequently cloned downstream to bacteriophage T7 inducible promoter and lac operator of expression vector pET21d(+). Additionally, immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was used to purify the protein upto its homogeneity, and its homogeneous purity was further confirmed through western blotting. Size exclusion chromatography implies that Rrd1 is existing as monomer in its natural state. Foldwise Rrd1 protein belongs to PTPA-like protein superfamily. Rrd1 showed characteristic negative minima at 222 and 208 nm represent protein typically acquired α helix in the far-UV CD spectra. Fluorescence spectra showed properly folded tertiary structures of Rrd1 at physiological conditions. Rrd1protein can be identified from different species using a fingerprint created by PIPSA analysis. The protein’s abundance could aid in its crystallization, biophysical characterization and identification of other-interacting partners of Rrd1 protein.
Time series and power law analysis of crop yield in some east African countries
Authors: Okorie Idika E. , Afuecheta Emmanuel , Nadarajah Saralees
Published: June 2023

We carry out a time series analysis on the yearly crop yield data in six east African countries (Burundi, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda) using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. We describe the upper tail of the yearly crop yield data in those countries using the power law, lognormal, Fréchet and stretched exponential distributions. The forecast of the fitted ARIMA models suggests that the majority of the crops in different countries will experience neither an increase nor a decrease in yield from 2019 to 2028. A few exceptional cases correspond to significant increase in the yield of sorghum and coffee in Burundi and Rwanda, respectively, and significant decrease in the yield of beans in Burundi, Kenya and Rwanda. Based on Vuong’s similarity testp–value, we find that the power law distribution captured the upper tails of yield distribution better than other distributions with just one exceptional case in Uganda, suggesting that these crops have the tendency for producing high yield. We find that only sugar cane in Somalia and sweet potato in Tanzania have the potential of producing extremely high yield. We describe the yield behaviour of these two crops as black swan, where the “rich getting richer” or the “preferential attachment” could be the underlying generating process. Other crops in Burundi, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda can only produce high but not extremely high yields. Various climate adaptation/smart strategies (use of short-duration pigeon pea varieties, use of cassava mosaic disease resistant cassava varieties, use of improved maize varieties, intensive manuring with a combination of green and poultry manure, early planting, etc) that could be adapted to increase yields in east Africa are suggested. The paper could be useful for future agricultural planning and rates calibration in crop risk insurance.
Considering musical communities online and offline: A dedication to the life and work of Janice Waldron (13 April 1957–7 November 2022)
Authors: Mantie Roger , Bayley Jonathan , Veblen Kari , Allstaff Kirsten , Sirek Danielle
Published: June 2023

Janice Waldron (1957–2022), professor at the University of Windsor (Canada), was an accomplished musician, teacher and researcher. Her scholarly passions revolved around informal music learning practices, online and offline music communities, social media and music learning, and Irish and Scottish traditional musics. In this dedication to Waldron, five friends and colleagues – Kari Veblen, Jonathan Bayley, Kirsten Allstaff, Danielle Sirek and Roger Mantie – offer reflections on her life and work and the legacy she has left for scholars and practitioners of community music.
Alejandro Echavarría Isaza: empresario y filántropo colombiano
Authors: López Díez Juan Carlos , Campuzano-Hoyos Jairo
Published: June 2023

Este artículo examina la trayectoria y el legado de Alejandro Echavarría Isaza, empresario y filántropo colombiano que actuó durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del XX. La primera parte destaca el papel de la familia como unidad empresarial en la que creció y se formó su carácter. Con su padre como iniciador de una tradición de hacer negocios a través de empresas familiares, Alejandro y su hermano mayor se convirtieron en empresarios y aumentaron el patrimonio familiar por la misma vía. De forma independiente y como socio de diferentes sociedades mercantiles, Alejandro participó en múltiples empresas bancarias, comerciales, de transporte e industriales. Una de ellas fue la mayor empresa textil de Colombia del siglo pasado: Coltejer. La segunda parte ilustra su actuación bajo un esquema de valores cristianos, propios del entorno social en el que creció, que lo llevó a implementar diversas obras filantrópicas como el Hospital San Vicente de Paul. En este empeño no sólo fueron evidentes su esfuerzo y dedicación financiera, sino también su capacidad para convocar a las autoridades católicas y sanitarias, a las élites empresariales y a la gente común para un mismo fin. El contexto en el que se inscribe alude a la doctrina social de la iglesia de la encíclica Rerum Novarum, al compromiso de los empresarios en la naciente industrialización, y a las entidades empresariales y de otro tipo que participaron en lo que hoy muchos considerarían una responsabilidad prioritaria del Estado. La trayectoria de Alejandro Echavarría que aquí se presenta ilustra el típico líder empresarial antioqueño y latinoamericano que actuó en el punto de inflexión del proceso de transición de la economía rural a la urbana, de la local a la internacional y de la comercial a la manufacturera. Sus rasgos filantrópicos, poco estudiados en la historiografía colombiana, dan cuenta de procesos históricos en los que las facetas modernas de la racionalidad empresarial no entraron en conflicto con la vocación católica. Este artículo es producto del análisis de diferentes fuentes secundarias y primarias, especialmente de fuentes notariales.
Plants of place: justice through (re)planting Aotearoa New Zealand’s urban natural heritage
Authors: Rodgers Maria , Neuhaus Fabian , Mercier Ocean Ripeka , Kiddle Rebecca , Pedersen Zari Maibritt , Robertson Natalie
Published: June 2023

Climate change has led to urgent calls for environmental action and justice, which is likely to include increased urban vegetation. The benefits of this planting could go beyond ecological and climate benefits to contribute to decolonisation and environmental and spatial justice and build on the well-documented links between ecological and human wellbeing. In Aotearoa New Zealand, past and ongoing injustices resulting from colonisation have disconnected Māori (the Indigenous people) from their land. Māori see themselves reflected in the landscape and te taiao (the natural world). The process of colonisation has mostly erased natural heritage, intrinsic to Māori identity, from urban areas. Many plants in urban areas represent colonial identity rather than this natural heritage, and many of the native plants that have been planted originate from other parts of the country. Through reviewing the literature, this article argues for research that determines the benefits of urban planting design prioritising plants that naturally occurred in the past, termed here ‘plants of place’, in public places. In settler colonial countries, where it is an accepted practice to acknowledge built and predominantly colonial heritage, making pre-colonial natural heritage visible can have many co-benefits. It has the potential to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, decolonisation efforts, spatial justice and environmental justice. Celebrating natural heritage and planting ‘plants of place’ can contribute in some part to righting past injustices and preparing for a changing future.
The analytic gaze through the prism of childhood
Authors: Siety Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

Translated into English for the first time by Madeline Whittle, Emmanuel Siety’s article draws extensively on Jean Louis Schefer’s The Ordinary Man of Cinema to explore the connection between the films we encounter in childhood and a lifelong relationship with cinema. Siety asks what is the role of film education in the moving-image saturated contemporary era for preserving something of the special bond formed by our first encounters with films in cinemas, and our self-development. The article further considers the limits of an analytical approach to film, as opposed to a phenomenological approach which privileges the direct experiences of cinema, going beyond the ‘scholarly’ interpretation of films.
Futures and hope of global citizenship education
Authors: Tarozzi Massimiliano
Published: June 2023

This article provides a conceptual discussion of the role of hope in promoting global citizenship education (GCED) and argues that a global perspective in education requires a hopeful imaginative ethos to lay the foundations for a new transformative pedagogy. After introducing UNESCO’s recent report Reimagining Our Futures Together, which addresses urgent global challenges and assigns a major role to a global perspective in education, the article discusses the meaning of GCED as a non-neutral transformative approach in education. While this report, as well as previous ones, has been criticised for its visionary over-idealism and lack of attention to the power dynamics governing education, it will be argued that hope has transformational power and can play a political role in education. The article will then highlight contrasting ideas in envisioning different images of the future promoted by international organisations that have a significant impact on global educational policies and the construction of the global discourse on education. Finally, drawing especially on the legacy of Freire’s vision of critical education, radical hope is reviewed by comparing it with two related issues: utopia and optimism.
Estudo das Deformações Verticais Terrestres Ocorrentes no Equador Baseado em Dados GPS e Modelos de Carga Superficiais
Authors: Pilapanta Christian , Krueger Claudia
Published: June 2023

Em uma série temporal com extensa base de dados, a maior redistribuição de massas na superfície da Terra sólida ocorre em função do ciclo hidrológico. Este processo, carrega e deforma a Terra e consequentemente, induz à uma resposta elástica da sua superfície. Geralmente, a modelagem empregada envolve a convolução das chamadas Funções de Green e diferentes modelos de distribuição de massas. No entanto, estes modelos não conservam suas massas globais através do tempo e a estimativa de uma resposta total através da sua combinação individual e não podem ser considerados auto consistente. Visando solucionar este problema, frequentemente, é incluída uma resposta oceânica “passiva” capaz de manter a superfície do oceano numa superfície equipotencial média mesmo quando mudar sua massa. Objetivando o estudo destes processos e seus efeitos na componente vertical de várias estações geodésicas, foram comparadas as series de coordenadas de 47 estações GPS da Rede GNSS de monitoramento contínuo do Equador e seus respectivos sinais de carga durante os últimos 20 anos (2000 – 2020). Mediante uma análise dos resultados foi verificada uma correlação moderada entre as altitudes e os sinais de carga. Além disso, ocorreu uma redução no erro quadrático médio ponderado (WRMS) para 35 das 47 estações consideradas neste estudo após filtrada a resposta elástica total. A maior redução ocorreu nas estações com altitudes de até 3000 metros.
О влиянии деформаций ползучести материала вращающегося цилиндра на последующее пластическое течение
Authors: Фирсов Сергей Викторович , Firsov Sergey Viktorovich
Published: June 2023

Изучается влияние деформаций ползучести на процесс пластического течения в материале на примере задачи вращения цилиндра с внутренней полостью (трубы), на внешнюю границу которого нанесено жесткое покрытие, предотвращающее его расширение в радиальном направлении.
Задача решается в рамках теории малых деформаций.
Для описания пластических свойств материала используется теория течения с ассоциированным с ним условием максимальных октаэдрических напряжений Мизеса, обобщенным на случай вязкопластического течения.
Для описания вязких свойств используется широко применяемый степенной закон Нортона.
В области пластического течения скорости необратимых деформаций складываются из скоростей пластической деформации и скоростей деформации ползучести.
Из решения случая упругого деформирования получены зависимости для нахождения скорости вращения, при которой в материале цилиндра начнется пластическое течение.
Составлена система интегро-дифференциальных уравнений для нахождения перемещений и напряжений в материале цилиндра при заданной скорости вращения и накопленных необратимых деформациях.
По результатам численных расчетов получено, что наличие деформаций ползучести приводит к более позднему началу пластического течения, снижению скоростей пластических деформаций, а также к уменьшению области влияния пластического течения.
Сеть пространств Соболева и краевые задачи для операторов вихрь и градиент дивергенции
Authors: Сакс Ромэн Семенович , Saks Romen Semenovich
Published: June 2023

В работе рассматривается шкала пространств Соболева $ \mathbf{H}^{m}(G)$ векторных полей в ограниченной области $ G$ из $\mathbb{R}^3$ с гладкой границей $\Gamma$.
Операторы градиент дивергенции и ротор ротора ($\nabla {div}$ и $ {rot}^2$) и их степени являются аналогами скалярного оператора $\Delta^m$ в $\mathbb{R}^3$ и порождают пространства $ \mathbf{A}^{2k}(G)$ и $\mathbf{W}^m(G)$ потенциальных и вихревых полей, где числа $k$, $m>0$ - целые.
Доказано, что $ \mathbf{A}^{2k}(G)$ и $\mathbf{W}^m(G)$ являются проекциями пространств Соболева $ \mathbf{H}^{2k}(G) $ и $ \mathbf{H}^{m}(G)$ на подпространства $\mathcal{A}$ и $\mathcal{B}$ в $\mathbf{L}_{2}(G)$. Их прямые суммы $ \mathbf{A}^{2k}(G) \oplus \mathbf{W}^m(G)$ образуют сеть пространств, элементами которой являются классы $ \mathbf{C}(2k, m)\equiv \mathbf{A}^{2k}\oplus \mathbf{W}^m$.
Рассмотрены пространства $\mathbf{A}^{-m}$ и $\mathbf{W}^{-m}$, которые соответствуют пространствам
$\mathbf{A}^{m}$ и $\mathbf{W}^{m}$.
Также рассмотрены прямые суммы $ \mathbf{A}^{k}(G) \oplus \mathbf{W}^m(G)$ для любых целых чисел $k$ и $m$.
В пространстве $\mathbf{L}_{2}(G)$ строится ортонормированный базис, состоящий из базисов ортогональных подпространств $\mathcal{A}$ и $\mathcal{B}$. Его элементы - собственные поля операторов $ {rot}$ и $\nabla {div}$. Доказательство их гладкости - важный этап разработанной теории.
В сети $ \{\mathbf{C}(k, m)\}$ исследованы модельные краевые задачи для операторов ${rot}+\lambda I$, $\nabla {div}+\lambda I$, их суммы, а также для оператора Стокса.
Получены условия разрешимости для рассматриваемых модельных задач.
The Economic Modernisation Vision: Why Do Nursing Matter?
Authors:   Jordan University of Science and Technology, AlMaaitah Rowaida
Published: June 2023

N.A
A Meta-analysis to Assess the Effectiveness of a Procedural Scale to Measure Pain in a Child Aged 0-1 Year
Authors:   Jordan University of Science and Technology, Kassab Manal , Ghedan Baraa , Hadoush Hikmat , Alwardat Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Background: Infant pain liability has been assessed in several studies; nonetheless, diminutive is recognized about the relevance and effectiveness of using one type of pain scale affording to the type of painful stimulus and the infant’s age. Purpose: Our purpose was to conduct a metaanalysis to assess and report on the efficiency of using the procedural pain scale to measure pain in a child aged 0-1 year using non-pharmacological interventions. Methods: A systematic search was performed up to October 2021 in PubMed and Cochrane Library. The current review enrolled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) according to PRISMA guidelines. Cochrane's risk of bias assessment was performed to assess the studies' quality and risk of bias. Meta-analyses were completed by calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval (CI) using Review Manager Software. The review variables are: neonatal, pain, RCT and assessment. Results: The literature search returned 50 trials, but only 8 were involved in this meta-analysis. In most studies related to procedural pain (heel lance and vaccination), three commonly validated pain scales were used in all trials (neonatal infant pain scale NIPS, premature infant pain profile PIPP and neonatal pain, agitation and sedation scale NPASS. The 8 studies with 918 infant participants entered into analysis using effective pain scales (NIPS, PIPP and NPASS) to measure procedural pain effectively. Most studies used effective pain scales to measure procedural pain (NIPS, PIPP and NPASS). The meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in pain using NIPS, PIPP and NPASS tools. The most used was NIPS at 62.5%, followed by PIPP (25%) and NPASS (12.5%). The various interventions in studies reflected the strength of the used pain scale when assessing pain severity and supported the effect of non-pharmacological interventions (swaddling, mother holding and sucrose) in pain reduction compared with the control group (SMD 1.2, 95% CI -1.88 to -0.52, P =0.0005), I` = 95%, P>0.00001. Conclusion: In this meta-analysis, it has been reported that the pain scales used were an appropriate measure of the outcome of pain reduction. The type and accuracy of the validation of pain scales are also essential when selecting tools for a clinical trial. Implications for Nursing: The pain scales used in studies are appropriate to assess pain when measuring procedural pain (heel lance and needle-related procedures such as vaccination). Pediatric nurses should take care of selecting appropriate tools to assess pain in children before managing the pain. Further, pediatric nurses should be aware of that the inconsistency about the best tool for children is related to several factors. One is related to matching the pain tool to the age group and type of pain
Třetí čítanka Husových drobných textů. Jana Nechutová a kolektiv, Mistr Jan Hus, učitel a kolega. Promoční promluvy M. Jana Husa, Brno 2021
Authors: Zilynská Blanka
Published: June 2023

Book review
Raněnovověká řádová studia česko-moravské kapucínské provincie jako alternativa univerzitního vzdělávání
Authors: Brčák Marek
Published: June 2023

This study maps the organisation, contents, and teaching staff of theological and philosophical education in the Capuchin Order and compares it with what was common in other religious orders and at public universities, especially the Charles–Ferdinand University in Prague.
Elizabeth Elstob and the Printing of Anglo-Saxon
Authors: Lucas Peter J.
Published: June 2023

Elizabeth Elstob, known as “the Saxon nymph”, is much celebrated for her publications on Old English, Ælfric’s homily on St Gregory (1709), for example. Her Rudiments of Grammar for the English-Saxon Tongue (1715) was the first AngloSaxon grammar in English. It was also notable for introducing a new printing fount for Anglo-Saxon, one that reproduced almost every letter in an authentic imitation of that found in Anglo-Saxon manuscripts, the first fount to attempt this degree of authenticity. This paper explores Elizabeth Elstob’s publishing career through the medium of the means (and difficulties) of printing Anglo-Saxon. It also draws attention to another manuscript in Elizabeth Elstob’s hand that is not generally known.
Grenzen der Virtualisierung?
Authors: Kleemann Frank , Leontaris Timo
Published: June 2023

Seit Beginn der Corona-Pandemie wird immer mehr Arbeit (zumindest anteilig) ortsungebunden außerhalb des Betriebs verrichtet, eine Tendenz, die aller Voraussicht nach auch in Zukunft bestehen bleiben wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht auf der Grundlage narrationsorientierter Interviews mit Universitätsangehörigen, wie sich die Kommunikation von Bürobeschäftigten durch eine zunehmende räumliche Distanz zwischen diesen gewandelt hat. Der Beitrag skizziert die Funktionalität von (teil)virtualisierter Kommunikation sowie die Veränderungen, die sich für arbeitsbezogenen sowie informellen Austausch zwischen Beschäftigten ergeben. Die Befunde verweisen auf wesentliche Veränderungen der kollaborativen Arbeitspraxis: Sowohl arbeitsprozessbezogene als auch informelle Kommunikation werden ausgedünnt, was im Ergebnis zu einer stärker individualisierten Praxis des Arbeitens sowie einer zunehmenden zwischenmenschlichen Distanz in virtuellen Arbeitssettings führt.
Dritte Arbeitsorte auf dem Prüfstand
Authors: Klatt Rüdiger , Steinberg Silke
Published: June 2023

Im Rahmen eines Feldexperiments konnten im Projekt CoWin Berufspendler*innen über einen Zeitraum von 27 Monaten (September 2018 bis Dezember 2020) das neue Arbeitsmodell Coworking im Realbetrieb testen und mitgestalten. Untersucht wurde, welche Potenziale, aber auch welche Barrieren und Herausforderungen (z.B. in Bezug auf Personal und Organisationsstrukturen) sich für Unternehmen und Beschäftigte durch dezentrale Arbeitsorganisationen unter Einbindung von Coworking-Spaces ergeben. Es zeigte sich dabei, dass bislang offenbar nur wenige Unternehmen und Beschäftigte das strategische Potenzial einer (weiteren) Dezentralisierung von Arbeit erkennen und angemessen im Hinblick auf eine bessere Arbeitsqualität begleiten. Viele Beschäftigte etwa werden, so die These, nicht systematisch darauf vorbereitet, die Potenziale des Arbeitsmodells Coworking in Bezug auf eine bessere Arbeitsqualität und im Hinblick auf die Schonung individueller und kollektiver Ressourcen auszureizen.
Investigation of erosion wear performance and mechanism of mold materials
Authors: Jiang Ben , Zhai Ming
Published: June 2023

The surface of an injection mold is prone to erosion and wear under the impact of the filler during plastics injection molding, which leads to premature failure of the mold. The mechanism of erosion and wear of a filler on the mold has not been clarified yet. A numerical technique was employed to simulate the erosion and wear process, and the influence of environmental parameters and particle characteristics, such as erosion velocity, erosion angle, temperature, and particle shape were studied. The results showed that the erosion velocity and erosion angle are important factors that affect erosion and wear. Finally, the relationship between change of particle energy and erosion and wear of the material is studied from the perspective of energy.
Enhancing Cinema Experience for Visually Impaired Persons in China: A Case Study on Shenzhen
Authors: Ye Zi , Jie Huamei
Published: June 2023

Film is an essential medium through which people access information and participate in cultural activities. However, it is not equally accessible to everyone. In China, some visually impaired persons (VIPs) benefit from “barrier-free films” (无障碍电影, Wuzhang’ai Dianying), which help them access films through audio description (AD). AD provides oral descriptions of visual information without disturbing the original dialogue. China’s barrier-free film industry is progressing but remains at a preliminary stage, leaving potential deficiencies in VIPs’ film-watching experience. Relevant literature is scarce and often written in Chinese, constituting a barrier to connections with the international accessibility research community. Here, Shenzhen is used as an example to develop a holistic view of the status of China’s barrier-free film industry. Problems in the quantity, quality, physical facilities, and virtual services involved in AD are identified and recommendations regarding operating modes, accessibility training, and screening channels are proposed.