bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heterostructures produced through severe plastic deformation of multilayered systems: Steel-Ti and steel-Mg
Authors: PABICH Bartłomiej
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The presented research encompasses the processes of manufacturing incoherent metal-to-metal composite materials based on a multi-layered system. The primary aim of the present research is to achieve heterostructured materials with small "hard" phase particles within the "soft" phase matrix. Particles of the "hard" material can be obtained as a result of the loss of their continuity, for example, due to severe plastic deformation effects, such as accumulative roll bonding or multi-stage deep wire drawing processes. The presented research results constitute the first stage of implementing the aforementioned research plan. Basic relationships between the parameters of the deformation process and microstructural changes, as well as rheological properties of the investigated components of multilayer systems, i.e., microalloyed steel, Ti, and Mg, were determined. For this purpose, channel die compression tests and multi-stage deep wire drawing (DWD) experiments were conducted. The microstructural examinations and mechanical properties of the produced materials have indicated directions for further research.
Influence of enlarged joining zone interfaces on the bond properties of tailored formed hybrid components made of 20MnCr5 steel and EN AW-6082 aluminium
Authors: PIWEK A.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Hybrid material compounds offer an extension of the technological application range of monolithic components by combining positive material-specific properties. In the case of steel and aluminium, a load-adapted component with high strength areas and a reduced weight can be created. Tailored Forming enables the joining zone created by a pre-joining process to be modified and enhanced by a subsequent forming step. Derived from previous studies, an enlarged joining zone interface through spherical joining zone curvature and an equalisation of yield stresses through an inhomogeneous induction heating with partial cooling are necessary to achieve a defect free bond with high strength and ductility. In order to further enlarge the joining zone interface and hence to increase the surface ratio of juvenile welding spots without brittle intermetallic compounds, different local plastic strains are induced. Additionally, an alternative spray cooling concept is used to evaluate the effect of steeper temperature gradients on the bond quality. Rotary friction welded specimens made of 20MnCr5 steel and EN AW-6082 aluminium are cup backward extruded with different extrusion ratios using punch diameters of 22 mm and 30 mm. Metallographic images, SEM analysis and hardness tests of cross-sections are used to evaluate the bond quality with regard to the joining zone formation, occurring defects and the resulting intermetallic compound. With cooling, higher yield stresses could be set in the aluminium, which counteract material failure even with larger punch diameters due to a higher deformability. However, the surface enlargement of the joining zone is reduced. Despite the higher surface enlargement in uncooled specimens, insufficient bonds were achieved due to existing cracks in the aluminium in or near the joining zone interface, as well as significant thicker intermetallic compounds.
Potential of near-surface temperature regulation in hybrid additive manufactured forging dies
Authors: PEDDINGHAUS J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Recent advances in the field of additive manufacturing (AM) have enabled the utilisation of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) for tool steels under high load conditions. Design elements, such as internal cooling channels, which are not achievable through subtractive manufacturing can therefore be used to functionalise and optimise hot forging tools. Thermal control is crucial for hot forging dies as the performance and endurance of the tools is highly dependent on the input and dissipation of heat in the surface zone during forging. A modified forging tool with conformal internal cooling channels generated through a hybrid L-PBF manufacturing process was developed in prior work [1]. The objective in the presented research is the experimental evaluation of the effect of conformal temperature control in the novel tool concept on the temperature dependent tool deterioration mechanisms in forging conditions. The actively controlled water temperature was varied between room temperature for maximum cooling and 180 °C, representing an exemplary base temperature in steady state serial forging. After 1,000 cycles, the tool wear conditions are analysed optically and through destructive microstructure analysis to characterise the effect of the temperature management on the deterioration mechanisms. The results show a significant impact of subsurface temperature control on the wear mechanisms of forging dies. Abrasive wear can be limited to a minimum through internal cooling with major reduction in thermal loads. Increased base temperatures reduce run-in time but increase abrasion.
A Metric of Societal Burden Based on Virus Succession to Determine Economic Losses and Health Benefits of China’s Lockdown Policies: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Chen Wenxiu , Zhang Bin , Wang Chen , An Wei , Guruge Shashika Kumudumali , Chui Ho-kwong , Yang Min
Published: April 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the global health system and economic structure. Although the implementation of lockdown measures achieved notable success in curbing the spread of the pandemic, it concurrently incurred substantial socioeconomic costs.

Objective

The objective of this study was to delineate an equilibrium between the economic losses and health benefits of lockdown measures, with the aim of identifying the optimal boundary conditions for implementing these measures at various pandemic phases.

Methods

This study used a model to estimate the half-lives of the observed case fatality rates of different strains. It was based on global infection and death data collected by the World Health Organization and strain sequence time series data provided by Nextstrain. The connection between the health benefits and economic losses brought by lockdown measures was established through the calculation of disability-adjusted life years. Taking China’s city lockdowns as an example, this study determined the cost-benefit boundary of various lockdown measures during the evolution of COVID-19.

Results

The study reveals a direct proportionality between economic losses due to lockdowns and the observed case fatality rates of virus strains, a relationship that holds true irrespective of population size or per capita economic output. As SARS-CoV-2 strains evolve and population immunity shifts, there has been a notable decrease in the observed case fatality rate over time, exhibiting a half-life of roughly 8 months. This decline in fatality rates may offset the health benefits of maintaining unchanged lockdown measures, given that the resultant economic losses might exceed the health benefits.

Conclusions

The initial enforcement of lockdown in Wuhan led to significant health benefits. However, with the decline in the observed case fatality rate of the virus strains, the economic losses increasingly outweighed the health benefits. Consequently, it is essential to consistently refine and enhance lockdown strategies in accordance with the evolving fatality and infection rates of different virus strains, thereby optimizing outcomes in anticipation of future pandemics.
Effectiveness of Unguided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Subthreshold Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuki , Hamatani Sayo , Shiga Kiko , Iiboshi Kiyoko , Kasai Makiko , Kimura Yasuhiro , Yokota Satoshi , Watanabe Katsunori , Kubo Yoko , Nakamura Masayuki
Published: April 2024

Background

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common mental disorder in adolescents and young adults. Early intervention and support could help prevent the development of full-blown SAD. Considering that adolescents with social anxiety symptoms do not prefer face-to-face sessions due to their fear of communicating with therapists, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) was implemented.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of complete self-help ICBT for subthreshold SAD in high school and college students with no history of mental disorders.

Methods

A multicenter randomized controlled trial designed to demonstrate the objective was conducted from December 2022 to October 2023. Participants were students enrolled at 6 universities and 1 high school. The intervention was a complete self-help ICBT and consisted of 10 text-based sessions that taught cognitive behavioral therapy techniques for social anxiety in youths and young adults. The comparison was a no-treatment condition (control group), which was randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio by a computer program. A total of 2 psychological scales were used to assess the severity of social anxiety, and 1 psychological scale each was used to measure symptoms of depression, general anxiety, and quality of life.

Results

In total, 77 students were enrolled as study participants. Through the randomization procedure, 38 participants were included in the intervention group, and 39 patients were included in the control group. Results from the analysis of covariance with depression as covariates showed that the participants in the intervention group had significantly reduced symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and general anxiety compared to the control group. The response rate was 61% (19/31) in the intervention group and 24% (9/38) in the control group: odds ratio (OR) 4.97 (95% CI 1.61-16.53; P=.003) in the Fisher exact test. The recovery rate was 68% (21/31) in the intervention group and 34% (13/38) in the control group: OR 3.95 (95% CI 1.32-12.56; P=.008). The OR for the remission ratio was 2.01 (95% CI 0.64-6.60; P=.20) and for the risk of worsening was 0.23 (95% CI 0.002-1.33; P=.10), but no significant difference was observed.

Conclusions

The results of this randomized controlled trial show that fully unguided ICBT improves subthreshold SAD in adolescents and young adults. Interpretation of the effectiveness in preventing SAD that meets the diagnostic criteria is limited by sample size and the follow-up period. Future studies should include more extended observations and larger sample sizes in high-risk populations.

Trial Registration

UMIN-CTR UMIN000050064; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000057035
Considering the Role of Human Empathy in AI-Driven Therapy
Authors: Rubin Matan , Arnon Hadar , Huppert Jonathan D , Perry Anat
Published: April 2024

Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) language models have elevated the vision of using conversational AI support for mental health, with a growing body of literature indicating varying degrees of efficacy. In this paper, we ask when, in therapy, it will be easier to replace humans and, conversely, in what instances, human connection will still be more valued. We suggest that empathy lies at the heart of the answer to this question. First, we define different aspects of empathy and outline the potential empathic capabilities of humans versus AI. Next, we consider what determines when these aspects are needed most in therapy, both from the perspective of therapeutic methodology and from the perspective of patient objectives. Ultimately, our goal is to prompt further investigation and dialogue, urging both practitioners and scholars engaged in AI-mediated therapy to keep these questions and considerations in mind when investigating AI implementation in mental health.
Ethics of the Use of Social Media as Training Data for AI Models Used for Digital Phenotyping (Preprint)
Authors: Jaiswal Aditi , Shah Aekta , Harjadi Christopher , Windgassen Erik , Washington Peter
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Digital phenotyping, or personal sensing, is a field of research that seeks to quantify traits and characteristics of people using digital technologies, usually for health care purposes. In this commentary, we discuss emerging ethical issues regarding the use of social media as training data for artificial intelligence (AI) models used for digital phenotyping. In particular, we describe the ethical need for explicit consent from social media users, particularly in cases where sensitive information such as labels related to neurodiversity are scraped. We also advocate for the use of community-based participatory design principles when developing health care AI models using social media data.
Research on in-Situ Covering and Remediation Technology for Polluted Sediment in Village and Town Ponds
Authors: Chen Jinghan , Gao Wenjie , Sun Menglei , Wang Denghong
Published: April 2024

With the rapid development of the social economy and the continuous acceleration of urbanization, the development gap between urban and rural areas has become increasingly large. The infrastructure construction of villages and towns has seriously lagged behind urban development, resulting in a large amount of household waste and industrial wastewater being discharged into village ponds and rivers in daily life and development. This has led to an increasing amount of sludge at the bottom of village ponds, as well as the accumulation of heavy metal pollutants, oxygen consuming substances, and other substances, which can easily cause serious ecological environment pollution. By attaching great importance to this and adopting in-situ covering and restoration technology of sediment, we can effectively control the pollution of sediment in village ponds and protect the environment of villages and towns.
AVERSIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS AND INDIVIDUALISTIC SOCIAL RANK STYLES AS PREDICTORS OF A POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION
Authors: Митић Ања , Ђурић Вељко , Петровић Ивана
Published: April 2024

The prognostic and mediational influences of basic and aversive personality traits, and social rank styles on individuals’ attitudes towards conspicuous consumption (ATCC, an indirect measure of the actual behaviour) were examined via path analysis[1]. The model (n=400, mean age=22.3) emphasised the direct and indirect effects of Extraversion, and the indirect effects of Neuroticism and Agreeableness which were sequentially mediated by all Dark Triad traits, and by two individualistic social rank styles: Dominant Leadership and Ruthless Self‑advancement. Dark Triad traits occupied the central position in the model connecting basic personality traits with social rank styles, and ultimately with ATCC. Machiavellianism was the only Dark Triad trait directly linked with ATCC, Dominant Leadership, and Ruthless Self-advancement. Narcissism exerted the main mediating effect on Dominant Leadership, while Machiavellianism and Psychopathy mediated the negative influence of Extraversion and Agreeableness on Ruthless Self-advancement. Both Dominant Leadership and Ruthless Self-advancement were directly predictive of ATCC. As two basic prosocial personality traits (Conscientiousness and Openness) and one prosocial rank strategy (Coalition Building) did not enter the model, we conclude that, from the present perspective, positive ATCC is linked to uncooperative and self-centred mindsets striving for superior positions in the social hierarchy. [1] The path analysis model upholds the dark side of affinity for conspicuous consumption. The model connects the personal traits domain with the personal strategies domain. Social rank styles are differentiated by basic and aversive personality traits. Each social rank style has a specific trajectory predictive of ATCC.[1] The path analysis model upholds the dark side of affinity for conspicuous consumption. The model connects the personal traits domain with the personal strategies domain. Social rank styles are differentiated by basic and aversive personality traits. Each social rank style has a specific trajectory predictive of ATCC.
PARENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS COOPERATION WITH TEACHERS UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES CAUSED BY THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Milanović Nedeljko , Matejević Marina
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article was to determine and consider the attitudes of parents towards cooperation with teachers during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic. The sample included 110 parents of primary school students from the territory of the Republic of Serbia. We used a descriptive-analytical method. We also used surveying and scaling techniques, and we created a special instrument based on tangential literature for the purposes of this research. The research was conducted electronically, and the data was processed in the SPSS program. The obtained results show that mothers cooperated with teachers more often than fathers, and that the most common forms of cooperation were telephone conversations, and messaging via mobile applications. Unlike fathers, mothers believe that frequent cooperation is very important during the process of children’s formal education. The obstacles to cooperation during the pandemic cited by parents are: the impossibility of visiting schools and teachers; the lack of face-to-face communication, as well as the lack of advisory conversations with the teacher; the lack of adequate technological equipment and appropriate applications mediating the communication between parents and teachers; and insufficiently developed technological skills. The findings of this empirical research can motivate scholars to embark on future research that could more thoroughly consider the different forms of cooperation and communication between parents and teachers during unstable circumstances and conditions.
THE CRIMINAL LAW FRAMEWORK FOR COMBATING DOPING IN SPORTS IN SERBIA
Authors: Ćorović Emir , Ganić Senad , Turanjanin Veljko
Published: April 2024

This paper deals with the aspects of criminal law as regards the suppression of doping in sports in the law of the Republic of Serbia. The Law on the Prevention of Doping in Sports prescribes two criminal offences, namely Facilitating the Use of Doping Substances and the Unauthorized Production and Circulation of Doping Substances. These are criminal acts that are prescribed by the so-called secondary criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia. The analysis of these criminal offences is afforded the central place in this paper. At the same time, for the sake of systematicity, numerous common features of these criminal acts were separated and analysed, such as protective object, object of action (doping agent), consequence of the criminal act, guilt, special intention, etc., and then their other features were separately considered. It is noticeable that the criminal offenses from the Law on the Prevention of Doping in Sports have corresponding regulatory shortcomings, above all they do not include certain important aspects related to the suppression of doping in sports, so certain proposals de lege ferenda were made based on the criminal offenses from the Criminal Code. The paper also gives a cursory review of the most important international documents in this area, i.e. the two most important documents ratified by the Republic of Serbia, namely the International Convention against Doping in Sport and the European Convention against Doping in Sport, bearing in mind that these acts were the basis for adoption of a special anti-doping law in our country. Additionally, the paper clarifies what is considered doping in sports according to the provisions of the positive law of Serbia.
A Study on The Social Media Influence on Financial Decisions
Authors: S Smrithi
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This research explores how social media influences investment decisions among Generation X, millennials, and Generation Z, known for their heavy use of digital technology. Using quantitative methods and surveys, the study examines individuals from different age groups on social media platforms. Results show a significant link between social media engagement and investment choices across all generations. Investment firms are urged to use social media for marketing and communication to reach a wider audience. The study emphasizes the need for financial literacy across generations in an era where social media plays a crucial role in financial decision-making. It advocates for tailored strategies to engage each demographic while promoting universal financial literacy.
Effects of Constant Training Method and Variable Training Method on Football Dribbling Ability in Indian Tribal Boys
Authors: Saini Pradip
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Purpose: The effects of a six-week constant training programme and variable training program on the dribbling ability of Indian Tribal football players. Methods: Forty-five Tribal boys football players (age:15.45 ± 0.75 years) were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: constant training method group (CTMG, N=15), variable training method group (VTMG, N=15), and control group (CG, N = 15). The constant training method group (CTMG) and variable training method group (VTMG) trained six sessions per week for 6 weeks. All football players were chosen from Bankura Football Academy, Bankura, West Bengal, India. Both before and after the intervention, dribbling efficiency was assessed. Football dribbling and passing skills were studied using a two-time repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) on the constant training group, the variable training group, and the control group. All of the aforementioned abilities were evaluated using the Mor-Christian soccer dribbling ability skill test both before and after the 6-week training programme. Conclusions: According to this study's findings, both constant and varied training methods significantly improved a youngster from an Indian tribal community's dribbling skills compared to the control group. The improvement of dribbling ability was greatly influenced by variable training methods.
Indian Cinema: Bollywood as a Reflection of Social Political Issues
Authors: Bhati Ayush
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Indian cinema, particularly Bollywood, has been a mirror reflecting the intricate tapestry of social and political issues prevalent in the country. This research project aims to delve into the dynamic relationship between Bollywood films and the socio-political landscape of India. Through an interdisciplinary approach encompassing film studies, sociology, and political science, this study will analyze a selection of Bollywood films spanning different eras and genres to explore how they engage with and reflect upon issues, such as gender inequality, caste discrimination, religious tensions, corruption, and socio-economic disparities. By examining the portrayal of these issues in cinematic narratives, visual aesthetics, characterizations, and thematic elements, this research seeks to elucidate the ways in which Bollywood serves as both a reflection and a commentary on the challenges and transformations shaping contemporary Indian society and politics. Additionally, the project will investigate the reception and impact of these films on audiences, considering their role in shaping public discourse, mobilizing social movements, and influencing policy debates. Through this comprehensive analysis, the research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between cinema, society, and politics in India
Automatic Music Recommendation System Algorithm Using Facial Expression Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Yadav Prof. Rupali R.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Music plays a significant role in improving and elevating one’s mood as it is one of the important source of entertainment and inspiration to move forward. Recent studies have shown that humans respond as well as react to music in a very positive manner and that music has a high impact on human’s brain activity. Now a days, people often prefer to listen to music based on their moods and interests. This work focuses on a system that suggests songs to the users, based on their state of mind. In this system, computer vision components are used to determine the user’s emotion through facial expressions. Once the emotion is recognized, the system suggests a song for that emotion, saving a lot of time for a user over selecting and playing songs manually. Conventional method of playing music depending upon the mood of a person requires human interaction. Migrating to the computer vision technology will enable automation of such system. To achieve this goal, an algorithm is used to classify the human expressions and play a music track as according to the present emotion detected. It reduces the effort and time required in manually searching a song from the list based on the present state of mind of a person. The expressions of a person are detected by extracting the facial features using the Haar Cascade algorithm and CNN Algorithm. An inbuilt camera is used to capture the facial expressions of a person which reduces the designing cost of the system as compared to other methods.
Steganographic Techniques for High-Capacity Covert Communication in Images and Videos
Authors: Mohite Prof. K. T. , Kadam Krishna , Tambe Sumit , Bomble Aniket , Bora Sarthak
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper investigates advanced steganographic techniques tailored for high-capacity covert communication within images and videos. Traditional approaches are limited by low embedding capacity and susceptibility to detection. To address these challenges, cutting-edge methods including adaptive embedding algorithms, content-aware techniques, and deep learningbased approaches are explored. The research emphasizes the importance of balancing embedding capacity, security, and perceptual quality. It also discusses steganalysis implications and strategies for mitigating detection risks. By reviewing existing literature, this paper offers insights into state-of-the-art steganography for covert communication. Understanding these methods enables the development of more robust and secure communication systems to meet evolving challenges in information security and privacy.
Solutions to Detect Air Quality in a Room and Improve It
Authors: Gupta Prof. R. V. , Rana Shivam , Rathi Parth , Gupta Rashi , Milmile Sakshi
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The project focuses on monitoring and improving indoor air quality by implementing an air quality detection system. Poor indoor air quality can have detrimental effects on health and well-being, from breathing difficulties to reduced cognitive function. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods for effective monitoring and improvement of indoor air quality. In this project, we propose the use of sensors to detect various air pollutants such as particulate matter, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide (CO2), and humidity levels. Sensor data will be collected and analyzed to assess the current state of air quality. Based on the analysis, appropriate measures will be taken to improve air quality, which may include ventilation modifications, air cleaners or other interventions. The aim of the project is to create a healthier and more comfortable indoor environment for residents by ensuring an optimal level of air quality.
The Urgency of Stunting Policy Management Based on Local Knowledge in Malang Regency
Authors: Kurniawan Faizal , Maksum Ali , Anas Muhammad , Yusainy Cleoputri
Published: April 2024

In the Malang Regency region, the issue of stunting is pressing. According to statistics showing the high rate of stunting in Malang Regency, a stunting management strategy must be put into place right away. To date, the issue has been whether policies at the upstream level address all the factors necessary to combat stunting. This study talks about how urgent municipal policies are, particularly for managing stunting. It should be mentioned that government policies currently in place are focused on improving and regulating food security, food quality, and program socialization. Additionally, both targeted and delicate treatments are a manifestation of the prevention of stunting. The heath industry performs specific interventions. The phenomenology of Malang Regency's stunting prevention strategies is revealed by this study. According to the study's findings, there are a number of issues that require immediate attention, particularly those that are local in nature, like local education on the marriage readiness index, particularly in areas with a high incidence of young marriage, like Tajinan sub-district. The health sector, as well as other connected sectors, must be involved in the regional follow-up to the village level of policies and regulations that are in place at the federal level. Due to the community's increased knowledge of the value of a balanced diet and the readiness of parents at marriageable age, the community-based coping system needs to be improved once more. Localized coping strategies will undoubtedly.
Gender Inequality in Social Forestry Management of Baduy Farmers in Lebak Regency
Authors: Utami Wahyu Kartiko , Mayrudin Yeby Ma'asan
Published: April 2024

Baduy are attached to the forest, and the environment depends on forest management. On the other hand, the role and involvement of Baduy women are no less important in forest management to encourage food security for them and their families. This research uses the theory of gender equality; it aims to capture the gender gap in forest management through social forestry programs in the Baduy community to encourage food security. By using a qualitative descriptive method, this research seeks to let reality reveal itself naturally. The study results show that gender inequality still exists in managing social forestry in the Baduy community. This gender inequality can be seen in the minimum absence of access for Baduy women involved in social forestry management. The domestic role of Baduy women dominates in food security efforts through social forestry, but the public role of Baduy women farmers is almost nonexistent. Women's control over social forestry is also limited to the domestic role in the household. In contrast, control in forestry is held by male farmers, with all decisions in the hands of men, making it difficult for women to be present and actively involved. However, this social forestry benefits both male and female farmers, whereas women obtain these benefits indirectly through their husbands, who are actively involved as managers of social forestry.
VERTEBRADOS SILVESTRES ATROPELADOS EM UM TRECHO URBANO DA RODOVIA PA-437, NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Marcelino Dianes Gomes , Castro Luiz Cesar Marinho de , Santos Evelin Vitoria da Silva , Dantas Silionamã Pereira , Dornas Túlio
Published: April 2024

As rodovias são componentes capazes de promover o desenvolvimento social e econômico de um país. Entretanto, esses empreendimentos são responsáveis por desencadear uma série de impactos sobre a fauna, mesmo estando localizadas em áreas urbanas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as espécies da fauna mais atropeladas em um trecho urbano de 1,2 km da rodovia PA-437, em Óbidos/PA, porção norte da Amazônia brasileira. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de outubro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022, sendo utilizada a metodologia adaptada do Projeto Malha. O monitoramento foi realizado durante 70 dias, sendo contabilizado esforço amostral de 84 km. No total foram encontradas 195 carcaças de animais, sendo 158 pertencentes ao grupo dos anfíbios (81,03%), 19 ao grupo dos répteis (9,74%), 11 ao grupo das aves (5,64%) e 7 do grupo dos mamíferos (3,59%). A taxa de atropelamento foi de 2,32 ind./km/dia, estando os fatores associados aos atropelamentos a presença de resíduos e restos de carcaças de outros animais nas margens da rodovia, as características da paisagem, da via e do tráfego de veículos no local. Como medidas mitigadoras propõem-se realização de limpeza das margens da rodovia, implantação de sinalização e passagem de fauna e a realização de campanhas de sensibilização ambiental junto aos condutores e moradores do entorno da rodovia.
Exploring Physics: Engaging Inquiry-Based Labs for SMAN 1 Muaro Jambi's Class X
Authors: Munthomimah Ririn , Yamin Martinis , Rusdi Muhammad
Published: April 2024

This research is a research development which aims to meet the availability of of physic learning materials based inquiry laboratory activities that can improve the effectiveness and attractiveness of the teaching of physics in class X SMAN 1 Muaro Jambi. This research method to adapt the model ADDIE which consists of five main stages of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The resulting product has been evaluated through a process of expert validation of learning materials, learning technologies expert validation, testing peers, individual testing, small group testin, and testing of large groups. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and assessment of learning outcomes. From the results of questionnaires and interviews showed that the developed teaching materials physics has been well categorized and fit for use. From the assessment of learning outcomes in the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective successively obtained an average value of students 76, 80, and 80 were categorized as having good learning outcomes.
Screening for Conscientiousness at Start of Residency: Early Detection of Professionalism Concerns
Authors: Haymaker Christopher M. , VanDerKolk Kristi , Rhodes Megan , Young Jeff , Graves Lisa
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Early identification of residents who may require remediation could help prevent problems for both individual residents and their programs. Our aim in this project was to identify whether residents prone to challenges with professionalism could be identified early.  
Methods: For 3 years we tracked onboarding tasks completed by residents between official match and the first day of residency to develop a tool that would help identify residents who may be at risk for problems with timely chart completion and subsequent remediation. We compared residents’ “at risk” scores with in-training exam (ITE) scores to differentiate between professionalism (task completion issues) and medical knowledge.
Results: Our at-risk tool successfully predicted timely chart completion rates and need for remediation within our residency program (Fischer’s exact P<.001), but was not predictive of ITE scores.
Discussion: Using readily accessible information, we can identify residents at risk for poor task completion performance, who may benefit from extra support and development in the area of organizational skill. Early identification may increase opportunities for early intervention.
Current issues and future directions in engineering ethics education
Authors: Héder Mihály , Gorgul Emine , Calimli Akgun Merve , Mitschke Ralf
Published: April 2024

This paper reports on engineering ethics education (EEE)-related issues based on a comparison of three technical universities: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Friedrich-Alexander University, and Istanbul Technical University. Besides the presentation of the current state of EEE, future challenges are also discussed.
Multi-Omics Panoramic Analysis of HBV Integration, Transcriptional Regulation, and Epigenetic Modifications in PLC/PRF/5 Cell Line
Authors: Guan Guiwen , Abulaiti Abudurexiti , Chen Chia-Chen , Gu Zhiqiang , Yang Jing , Zhang Ting , Chen Xiaojie , Zhou Zhao , Lu Fengmin , Chen Xiangmei
Published: April 2024

Background: The clearance or transcriptional silencing of
integrated HBV DNA is crucial for achieving a functional cure in
patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and reducing the risk of
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The PLC/PRF/5 cell line is
commonly used as an in vitro model for studying HBV integration. In this
study, we employed a range of multi-omics techniques to gain a panoramic
understanding of the characteristics of HBV integration in PLC/PRF/5
cells and to reveal the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of
integrated HBV DNA.

Methods: Transcriptome long-read sequencing (ONT) was conducted
to analyze and characterize the transcriptional activity of different
HBV DNA integration sites in PLC/PRF/5 cells. Additionally, we collected
data related to epigenetic regulation, including whole-genome bisulfite
sequencing (WGBS), histone chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing
(ChIP-seq), and assays for transposase-accessible chromatin using
sequencing (ATAC-seq), to explore the potential mechanisms involved in
the transcriptional regulation of integrated HBV DNA.

Result: Long-read RNA sequencing analysis revealed significant
transcriptional differences at various integration sites in the
PLC/PRF/5 cell line, with higher HBV DNA transcription levels at
integration sites on chr11, chr13, and the chr13/chr5 fusion chromosome
t (13:5). Combining long-read DNA and RNA sequencing results, we found
that transcription of integrated HBV DNA generally starts downstream of
the SP1, SP2, or XP promoters. ATAC-seq data confirmed that chromatin
accessibility has limited influence on the transcription of integrated
HBV DNA in the PLC/PRF/5 cell line. Analysis of whole-genome bisulfite
sequencing data showed that the methylation intensity of integrated HBV
DNA was highly negatively correlated with its transcription level
(r = -0.8929, p = 0.0123). After AzaD treatment, the
transcription level of integrated HBV DNA significantly increased,
especially for the integration chr17, which had the highest level of
methylation. Through ChIP-seq data, we observed the association between
histone modification of H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 with the transcription of
integrated HBV DNA.
Generative diffusion for regional surrogate models from sea-ice simulations
Authors: Finn Tobias Sebastian , Durand Charlotte , Farchi Alban , Bocquet Marc , Rampal Pierre , Carrassi Alberto
Published: April 2024

We introduce deep generative diffusion for multivariate and regional
surrogate modeling learned from sea-ice simulations. Given initial
conditions and atmospheric forcings, the model is trained to generate
forecasts for a 12-hour lead time from simulations by the
state-of-the-art sea-ice model neXtSIM. For our regional model setup,
the diffusion model outperforms as ensemble forecast all other tested
models, including a free-drift model and a stochastic extension of a
deterministic data-driven surrogate model. The diffusion model
additionally retains information at all scales, resolving smoothing
issues of deterministic models. Furthermore, by generating physical
consistent forecasts, previously unseen for such kind of completely
data-driven surrogates, the model can almost match the scaling
properties of neXtSIM, which are also observed for real sea ice. With
these results, we provide a strong indication that diffusion models can
achieve similar results as traditional geophysical models with the
significant advantage of being orders of magnitude faster and solely
learned from data.
Investigation of adsorption properties of SF6 decomposed gases (SO2 and SO2F2) on pristine and Ti-decorated SWCNT surfaces: A DFT study
Authors: Kohan Elham Gholamrezai , Mohammadi-Manesh Hossein , Fotooh Forough
Published: April 2024

DFT calculations were employed to investigate the adsorption of gases produced from SF6 decomposition (SO2 and SO2F2) on pristine and Ti- -decorated single-walled carbon nanotubes (Ti-(8,0) SWCNT). All structures were relaxed and their structural and electronic properties were investigated before and after gas adsorption on the surface of the nanotubes. (Ti-(8,0) SWCNT) was found to have high chemisorption sensitivity to Ti, SO2F2 and SO2 adsorptions on its surface. The electronic properties of (8,0) SWCNT were altered from semiconductor to metallic upon decoration with Ti, as demonstrated by the calculated band structures and the density of states (DOS). SO2F2 and SO2 adsorption on the surface of (Ti-(8,0) SWCNT) from different sides transformed the conductor (Ti-(8,0) SWCNT) into a semiconductor nanotube. To more carefully study the nature of adsorption, partial density of states (PDOS) calculations were also made. Additionally, Ti decoration induced a magnetization of approximately 2.61 ?B in (8,0) SWCNT, which disappeared after gas adsorption.
The Effect of Pure Audit Firms, Nonprovision of Nonaudit Services to Audit Clients, and a Statutory Fee Schedule on Audit Quality Perceptions
Authors: Pappert Nicolas , Quick Reiner
Published: April 2024

An ongoing debate revolves around instruments for enhancing the audit quality perceptions of financial statements users. Therefore, we investigate two measures that lack empirical evidence, but could theoretically improve perceived audit quality. These are a nonprovision of NAS (either by pure audit firms, or a nonprovision of NAS to audit clients) and a statutory fee schedule. We conduct an experiment with German bankers and nonprofessional investors. The results indicate that a nonprovision of NAS to audit and to all clients (i.e., pure audit case) increases perceived audit quality only if the audit firm sets audit fees internally. Moreover, a statutory fee schedule only increases perceptions of audit quality in the case of a simultaneous provision of audit services and NAS. Consequently, instead of full-banning NAS, an alternative approach would be to introduce a statutory fee schedule that would still permit the provision of NAS while adhering to existing caps.

JEL Classifications: M42; M48.
β-Cell Function, Incretin Effect, and Glucose Kinetics in Response to a Mixed Meal in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Dapagliflozin Plus Saxagliptin
Authors: Daniele Giuseppe , Tura Andrea , Brocchi Alex , Saba Alessandro , Campi Beatrice , Sancho-Bornez Veronica , Dardano Angela , Del Prato Stefano
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

To explore the complementary effects of a combination of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors added to metformin on hormonal and metabolic responses to meal ingestion.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Forty-five patients (age 58 ± 8 years; HbA1c 58 ± 6 mmol/mol; BMI 30.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin were evaluated at baseline and 3 and 28 days after 5 mg saxagliptin (SAXA), 10 mg dapagliflozin (DAPA), or 5 mg saxagliptin plus 10 mg dapagliflozin (SAXA+DAPA) using a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) spiked with dual-tracer glucose to assess glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, and sensitivity.

RESULTS

At day 3, fasting and mean MMTT glucose levels were lower with SAXA+DAPA (−31.1 ± 1.6 and −91.5 ± 12.4 mg/dL) than with SAXA (−7.1 ± 2.1 and −53 ± 10.5 mg/dL) or DAPA (−17.0 ± 1.1 and −42.6 ± 10.0 mg/dL, respectively; P < 0.001). Insulin secretion rate (SAXA+DAPA +75%; SAXA +11%; DAPA +3%) and insulin sensitivity (+2.2 ± 1.7, +0.4 ± 0.7, and +0.4 ± 0.4 mg ⋅ kg−1⋅ min−1, respectively) improved with SAXA+DAPA (P < 0.007). Mean glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was higher with SAXA+DAPA than with SAXA or DAPA. Fasting glucagon increased with DAPA and SAXA+DAPA but not with SAXA. Fasting endogenous glucose production (EGP) increased with SAXA+DAPA and DAPA. During MMTT, EGP suppression was greater (48%) with SAXA+DAPA (vs. SAXA 44%; P = 0.02 or DAPA 34%; P = 0.2). Metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCRglu) increased more with SAXA+DAPA. At week 4, insulin secretion rate, β-cell glucose sensitivity, and insulin sensitivity had further increased in the SAXA+DAPA group (P = 0.02), with no additional changes in GLP-1, glucagon, fasting or MMTT EGP, or MCRglu.

CONCLUSIONS

SAXA+DAPA provided superior glycemic control compared with DAPA or SAXA, with improved β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, GLP-1 availability, and glucose clearance.
PURIFICATION OF KROSOK SALT (CRUDE SOLAR SALT) THROUGH RECRYSTALLIZATION METHOD WITH ADDITION OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF SLAKED LIME (Ca(OH2))
Authors: Spanton Perdana Ixbal , Anggraeni Dewi
Published: April 2024

Purifying krosok salt (crude solar salt) is an essential step in the food and pharmaceutical industry to ensure product quality. One of the methods used for the purification of krosok salt in this study was recrystallization, involving the addition of slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) at various concentrations. Recrystallization entails dissolving salt crystals in water, followed by filtration to separate impurities from the clean salt solution. This purified salt solution is then heated to produce purer salt crystals. The aim of this study was to analyze the quality content of salt in the yielded pure salt. The significance of this research lies in its contribution of new knowledge regarding simple traditional salt processing methods, which can yield higher-quality salt with significant economic value. In this process, Ca(OH)2 was added at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.08%, and 0.06% to assess its effect on krosok salt purification. The research methodology employed experimental methods. The study's results indicated that the NaCl level test yielded an average value of 96.7% with a C concentration of 0.06%. The highest avera-ge value of 97.686% for the degree of whiteness was observed at a C concentration of 0.1%. Magnesium content averaged 0.07% at a C concentration of 0.06%, while calcium content averaged 0.058% at the same concentration. Keywords: Krosok salt, recrystallization, betel lime, salt quality.
The Impact of Psychological Empowerment on Workforce Agility in Organization X
Authors: Amanda Eria , Wicaksana Seta Ariawuri , Hanifah Reinanda Isfania
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of psychological empowerment on labour agility in the State Civil Apparatus at Agency X. This questionnaire is based on the Labour Agility Scale and Psychological Empowerment Scale measures. The results of the regression test showed that psychological empowerment has a significant influence on workplace agility, with a large effect size of 56.2%. In addition, the descriptions of both variables, psychological empowerment and workforce agility, are categorised as moderate. The findings of this study are in line with previous research on the impact of psychological empowerment on employees of public and private sector companies in the manufacturing and services sectors in India.
Kurva Pertumbuhan Nonlinier (Gompertz, Logistic, dan Weibull)
Authors: Juanda Juanda , Warsono Warsono
Published: April 2024

Penyebaran COVID-19 sangat cepat bahkan diperkirakan tumbuh secara eksponensial, dikarenakan migrasi manusia antar daerah, negara, bahkan benua yang sangat massif. Oleh karena itu kurva pertumbuhan penderita COVID-19 yang tumbuh dari waktu ke waktu dapat di dekati dengan fungsi eksponensial selama beberapa peubah prediktor diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memodelkan dan membandingkan kurva pertumbuhan dengan metode non-linear. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode non-linear dengan model gompertz, logistics, Weibull. Hasil yang diperoleh model gompertz memiliki nilai R-Sqaure yang lebih tinggi bandingkan dengan model logistic dan Weibull. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model gompertz menjadi model non-linear yang terbaik dalam menginterpretasikan kurva pertumbuhan Covid-19.
Log-Linear Model on Categorical Data of HIV Cases
Authors: Dewi Wardhani Utami , Warsono Warsono
Published: April 2024

Categorical data is widely used in social, health, educational and psychological research. A contingency table is a form of presenting this data. One of them is about cases of being infected with the HIV virus. The log-linear model is an alternative for analyzing categorical data. In this study, HIV cases will be analyzed using a log-linear model grouped by gender, age and province. Apart from that, several log-linear models will be formed and the best model will be selected based on the likelihood ratio (G^2) statistical test. According to the results of the analysis and consideration of model complexity, (JK*P, JK*U, P*U) is the best model and fits the data because the p-value = 0.517 is greater than the real level α = 0.05. This means that the interaction between gender, age and province is significant. Studies and explanations about the HIV virus show that individuals between the ages of 25-49 years are more at risk of being infected with the virus. Examined by gender group, women were most infected with the virus, namely 513 people. Apart from that, West Papua is the province with the highest number of HIV infections compared to Maluku and North Maluku