bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensing Urban Manufacturing: From Conspicuous to Sensible Production
Authors: Cima Ottavia , Wasilewska Ewa
Published: October 2023

Environmental destruction, social inequalities, geopolitical vulnerability—the limits of the long-time praised paradigm of post-industrial cities and globalised value chains are becoming evident, while calls for (re)localising production in cities are getting increasingly vocal. However, the material implications—i.e., where and in which form manufacturing should concretely take place in cities and the consequences on urban space and relations—are rarely addressed in debates on (re)industrialisation. In this article, we engage with the concept of conspicuous production by combining research on mixed-use zones with sensory methodologies. We focus on the multisensory dimension of urban manufacturing to interrogate the spatial possibilities for production in a small town in Switzerland. Together with a group of graduate students, we apply sensory methods to explore how production shapes urban sensescapes and how these sensescapes affect our relation to production. Our exploratory endeavour provides ideas of how sensory methods can be integrated into urban planning research and practice: we suggest that these methods, which necessarily emphasise subjective experience, can constitute powerful tools if they take into attentive consideration the local political and economic context, including the norms and power relations that shape individual perception. Our study sparks critical questions about conspicuous production and mixed-use zoning and tentatively advances the concept of sensible production: a production that not only is perceptible and can actively be engaged with, but that also shows good sense, makes sense, and focuses on what we need rather than on appearance.
The Birth of Mannerism: Jacopo Tintoretto’s Secret Dinners
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Horianskyi Stanislav
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this publication is to systematise knowledge and conduct an iconographic analysis of Jacopo Tintoretto’s cycle of works entitled The Last Supper. Jacopo Tintoretto’s work is a clear expression of new trends in High Renaissance art, having absorbed all the best from the masters of that period, the following motto was written on the wall of his studio on the San Luca Canal: «Il disegno di Michelangelo ed il colourito di Tiziano» (Michelangelo’s drawing and Titian’s colour). In this way, the artist expressed the main aspiration of his youth: to combine the achievements of the two masters. Such a combination of the best aspects of the High Renaissance artists allowed Tintoretto to outgrow this period of art and engage in a creative search for new forms and ideas. There are only two reliable sources on Jacopo Tintoretto, which makes it difficult to expand knowledge about his life. But despite this, we have reached the main milestones of his life, and from the available sources we can draw a conditional psychological portrait of the artist. In contrast, he left behind a significant body of work, the study of which is promising, because it can be traced to a mixture of artistic trends from several eras. The ideological foundations of Renaissance aesthetics underwent significant changes, both in relation to antiquity and in the relationship between matter and idea, which resulted in Mannerism. At the beginning of its existence, Mannerist art used a set of techniques from the Renaissance, but over time they became insufficient, and it was necessary to look for new ones to embody the new aesthetics. This process can be traced in the studied painting, the use of a diagonal composition, the glow of the halos of saints and the presence of angels on the canvas. The author concludes that the characteristic Baroque compositional solution was achieved by the artist in an evolutionary way, as similar trends can be seen in other artists of the time, such as Titian.
Kyiv contract fair at the end of the XVIIIth – beginning of the ХХth century
Authors:   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Chernega Petro , Vlasov Vladyslav ,   National Pedagogical Drahomanov University in Kyiv
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the role of the largest contract fair in the socio-economic development of Kyiv and Ukraine. The relevance is determined by the state of the historiographical situation regarding the socio-economic development of commodity-money relations that arose on the basis of an artificially created important trading area in Kyiv and dominate modern pro-European perspectives. The authors present the key concept of «contract fair» as a trading area for commodity-money and exchange relations. Based on the collected factual material, the main factors of the contract fair’s impact on the socio-economic development of Kyiv, as well as the conscious perception/understanding of reality by the population, the inclusion of Kyiv residents, Ukrainians and visitors in the life of the city, and changes in its infrastructure are highlighted. It is proved that an important element of Kyiv’s use in the socio-economic development of the Right Bank of Ukraine is its convenient geographical location. Kyiv was an important administrative unit of Ukraine in the historical period studied by the authors. Its status has been preserved to this day. The convenient location of the city and the interest of the Kyiv administration in developing trade relations contributed to the expansion of international relations between city traders and foreign trade institutions. The Russian Empire and Napoleon also had mixed interests in using Kyiv to their advantage. For the Russian Empire, it was an important strategic outpost in the Southwestern region, which served as a military base for Russia’s expansion to the south against Turkey; the spiritual center of East Slavic Orthodoxy. For Napoleon, it was an important military strategic direction. The socio-economic role of the contract fair is important for the development of interethnic trade and monetary relations and the further development of Kyiv. The presented scientific conclusions and generalizations are based on the study of archival materials, sources and literature of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Ultra İşlenmiş Gıdaların Yaygın Etkileri
Authors: OKYAR Serap , TOSUN Öznur , BEZDEGÜMELİ Erhan , KÜÇÜKAKÇA Bilge Nur , ERATTIR Ayşegül , KARAHAN Hilal , KÖSE Elif , EKERBİÇER Hasan Çetin
Published: October 2023

Gıdalar NOVA gıda sınıflandırmasına göre dört alt kategoride sınıflandırılmaktadır. NOVA Kategori-4: Ultra işlenmiş gıdalar gazlı içecekleri, paketlenmiş tuzlu ve tatlı atıştırmalık ürünleri, yeniden yapılandırılan hayvansal ürünleri (salam, sosis, hazır kıyma ürünleri gibi), önceden hazırlanmış gıdaları, ön-pişirilmiş ve dondurulmuş gıdaları kapsamaktadır. Ultra-işlenmiş gıdaların lezzetlerinin güzel, kolay ulaşılabilir ve ucuz olmaları sebebi ile tüketimi ve bu sebeple sağlıksız beslenme ile morbidite ve mortaliteyi de arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu sağlık problemlerine örnekler tip-2 diyabet, obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, gastrointestinal hastalıklar ve kanserdir. Literatürde yapılan çalışmalar kapsamında, mevcut derlemede ultra-işlenmiş gıdaları ve sağlık üzerindeki yaygın etkileri ortaya konmuştur. Güncel veriler doğrultusunda ultra işlenmiş gıda tüketimini ve sağlık üzerindeki etkilerini azaltabilmek için ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde yeni beslenme politikaları ve kılavuzlarının geliştirilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
Institutionalization of Science Communication in Universities of Türkiye: A Qualitative Analysis of Central Communication Units
Authors: ÖZTUNÇ Müge , SUERDEM Ahmet , BEDİR Umur
Published: October 2023

In contemporary policy documents and academic literature, the significance of institutional actors, particularly universities, in the communication and interaction processes between science and society is increasingly emphasized. This study aims to explore the science communication activities carried out by central communication units of universities in Türkiye, the distribution of these activities among sub-units within universities, the priorities and motivations for such activities, and the problems encountered in the institutionalization of science communication. Using a qualitative research method, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with senior officials from 20 public and foundation universities in Türkiye, and a thematic analysis approach was utilized to analyze the coded data. The results indicate that while there are noteworthy differences between public and foundation universities, central communication units prioritize routine and one-way science communication activities categorized as PR and Marketing, while Public Engagement and Public Affairs activities involving dialogue are carried out to a more limited extent. The primary motivation behind universities’ science communication is meeting specific institutional strategic goals rather than creating public benefit. Furthermore, institutionalizing science communication in universities has been hindered by personnel and budget constraints in communication offices, the lack of institutional autonomy, and undefined duties and authorities of these units under the legal regulations of the higher education system.
How Good Is Your Location? Comparing and Understanding the Uncertainties in Location for the 1993 Rock Valley Sequence
Authors: Pyle Moira L. , Chen Ting , Preston Leiph , Scalise Michelle , Zeiler Cleat , Smith Kenneth D.
Published: October 2023

Accurate event locations are important for many endeavors in seismology, and understanding the factors that contribute to uncertainties in those locations is complex. In this article, we present a case study that takes an in-depth look at the accuracy and precision possible for locating nine shallow earthquakes in the Rock Valley fault zone in southern Nevada. These events are targeted by the Rock Valley Direct Comparison phase of the Source Physics Experiment, as candidates for the colocation of a chemical explosion with an earthquake hypocenter to directly compare earthquake and explosion sources. For this comparison, it is necessary to determine earthquake hypocenters as accurately as possible so that different source types have nearly identical locations. Our investigations include uncertainty analysis from different sets of phase arrivals, stations, velocity models, and location algorithms. For a common set of phase arrivals and stations, we find that epicentral locations from different combinations of velocity models and algorithms are within 600 m of one another in most cases. Event depths exhibit greater uncertainties, but focusing on the S-P times at the nearest station allows for estimates within approximately 500 m.
Perspectives on the Grey Zone of Species Delimitation With Notes on Invertebrates in the Marine Environment
Authors: Ramírez-Portilla Catalina , Quattrini Andrea M.
Published: October 2023

Defining species boundaries, or delimiting species, is a complex and often difficult task. Indeed, when such studies incorporate approaches that consider evolutionary mechanisms, there is much to be learned about species diversity and how the processes that play critical roles in speciation can impact species delineation. In 2021, a virtual workshop on species delimitation was held at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History to train natural history scientists and taxonomists on the appropriate analytical tools that can be used to help delimit species when using molecular data. This perspective highlights some of the main themes discussed during that workshop while detailing three processes that can challenge any species delimitation study. Specifically, we discuss incomplete lineage sorting, gene flow, and population structure when delimiting species boundaries using molecular data. We highlight empirical studies and methodological approaches that have successfully met these challenges under various scenarios. Finally, we provide recommendations and considerations for undertaking species delimitation studies in a variety of taxa. To this end, we recommend that taxonomists fully embrace process-based species delimitation, which can provide important insights into speciation in their study systems. For those developing analytical approaches, we hope they consider incorporating less well-known taxa, such as marine invertebrates, into method testing. Marine invertebrates encompass many dark taxa across the tree of life yet represent the majority of animal phyla, many of which are vulnerable to extinction due to global ocean change. Thus, advancing species delimitation to address taxonomic revisions in these organisms will support conservation decisions on keystone ecosystems. Furthermore, the diversity of their life history strategies, the lack of obvious barriers to gene flow in the ocean environment, and their occurrence in isolated habitat patches can better inform our knowledge of speciation and the evolutionary processes that play a role in generating diversity in nature.
Profiling renal dysfunction using Raman chemometric urinalysis, with special reference to COVID19, lupus nephritis, and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Robertson John , Issa Amr , Gomez Mariana , Sullivan Kathleen , Senger Ryan
Published: October 2023

Background: Many systemic and urinary tract diseases alter renal structure and function, including changing the composition of urine. While routine urinalysis (physical properties, sediment evaluation, urine chemistry analytes) is useful in screening, it has limitations on separating disease processes, structural changes, and functional abnormalities. Likewise, while many individual ‘biomarkers’ have been used to screen for disease, they have not met with widespread clinical adoption. The recent COVID19 Pandemic and the recognition of post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) have highlighted the need for rapid, scalable, economical, and accurate screening tools for managing disease. Aims: Validate a Raman spectroscopy-based screening technology for urine analysis that could be used for recognition and quantification of systemic and renal effects of acute and PASC COVID19 disease. Methods: One hundred ten (110) urine specimens were obtained from consented adults diagnosed with COVID19 disease by RT-PCR and/or proximate (household) contact With RT-PCR-confirmed COVID19 disease. Samples were analyzed using Raman chemometric urinalysis, a technology that detects hundreds of discrete chemicals in urine and applies computational comparison-machine learning to detect COVID19-associated molecular patterns (‘fingerprints’). Results: When compared with the urine multimolecular ‘fingerprints’ of healthy individuals and patients with known systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, lupus) that alter renal structure and function, patients with acute and PASC COVID19 had unique ‘fingerprints’ indicative of alterations in renal function (i.e. – infection altered urine composition). Differences in disease severity (mild to severe) were reflected by different ‘fingerprints’ in urine. Roughly 20% of hospitalized patients developed a degree of renal dysfunction (decrements in eGFR) that were correlated with distinct changes in urine fingerprints. Conclusion: Raman chemometric urinalysis may be a useful tool in management of patients with COVID19 disease, particularly in detecting patients with evolving renal dysfunction for whom there should be attention to medication use and renal health restoration/preservation.
Short- and Long-Term Changes in the Neurophysiological Status of Pilots Due to Radiation Exposure Caused by Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: GÖKER Ümit
Published: October 2023

Pilots who have completed successfully all the tests of cognitive and personality psychology have a strong commitment to their movements, and they influence their neural stimulation, such as the ability to acknowledge the right steps to follow in their tasks or dangerous situations. One of the branches of Aviation Psychology is dealing with the physical and mental effects of flight on aircrew personnel and passengers. Astronomical events, such as geomagnetic storms (GSs) that have a disruptive effect on Earth’s magnetosphere in certain periods, will cause negative effects on aircrew personnel and passengers. This article describes the expected damage to the different areas of the brain and nervous system in short- and long-term periods caused by the effects of GSs, based on the results of previous studies on GSs and neurophysiological studies. This is a very important topic for neurophysiological studies of pilots when we consider that aircraft accidents that may be geomagnetic in origin accounted for 26.36% of the total accidents which coincide with the days of GSs. Decision-making and judgment problems, abnormal attitudes such as anger, fearlessness, temerity, self-confidence, etc., decreasing problem-solving abilities, organization capabilities, and instantaneous decisions are the short-term changes while developing cancers of the brain, testis, bladder, breast, colon, melanoma, and Hodgkin’s type, in addition to Alzheimer’s and dementia diseases, hypoglycaemia, stroke, epileptic seizures, insomnia, stomach bleeding, appendicitis, hernia, asthma, and severe spinal pains can be lead in the long-term changes. We mentioned the psychological and medical application method of EEG in our article since it is the best technique that allows us to see the effects of these storms in the laboratory environment. This is because, the aircrew personnel and passengers flying at high latitudes will experience the effect of the GSs directly, whereas the response of the pilot, flight crew, and passengers flying in the middle latitudes, to these effects, can be measured only with tests in the laboratory environment. This paper has also special importance for the aviation literature because a theoretical recommendation regarding the possible laboratory environment for EEG measurements and application procedures necessary to investigate these effects is also presented.
Alleviating Gasto-Intestinal Discomfort in Infants: Quest for Effective Interventions
Authors: Kesavelu Dhanasekhar
Published: October 2023

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common among infants, yet precise diagnosis and optimal management strategies remain a challenge. Understanding the prevalence and impact of these conditions is essential for improving infant health. We present a comprehensive review of the evolution of treatment strategies for FGIDs tracing the identification of the first case to the recent advancements in disease management. The article explores the journey of the Rome criteria, which is the most widely used diagnostic parameter for FGIDs, as it transformed from consensus-based recommendations culminating in the present-day evidence-based guidelines, setting the stage for the upcoming Rome V criteria. FGIDs were initially hypothesized solely as a GI entity; however, thorough etio-pathologic research has elucidated the complex bio-psychosocial basis of FGIDs. In infants, these conditions can be particularly challenging to identify and manage due to their limited ability to communicate discomfort and distress. The article briefly refers to pathophysiology and diagnostic challenges as an exploratory background for effective management. An overview of existing research can shed light on the various treatment approaches for FGIDs in infants. We examined pharmacotherapy in FGID management in terms of its indications and limitations, which would allow its judicious use in clinical practice. The article underscores the efficacy and safety of a dietary approach in FGID management in infants, especially in the absence of red flags. We highlight key research details that led to newer advancements in nutritional interventions such as probiotics. L reuteri DSM 17938 is the most extensively studied probiotic with proven benefits and manifold indications. We highly recommend large prospective studies to identify the ideal therapeutic agent that can provide a potential opportunity to prevent FGIDs.
Prevenção e proteção de acidentes de trabalho na produção do cuidado em saúde: reflexões e repercussões no cotidiano dos trabalhadores de um hospital público
Authors: Lopes Costa Ana Clara , De Paula Luzia Sandra , Malvezzi Edson
Published: October 2023

Estudo qualitativo com objetivo de analisar a percepção dos trabalhadores de um hospital público em relação aos aspectos que influenciam na prevenção de acidentes e garantia de segurança na produção do cuidado em saúde. Obtidos através de entrevistas, os dados sistematizados segundo a lógica da análise de conteúdo são discutidos à luz da hermenêutica crítica. Evidencia-se que os profissionais compreendem o tema em múltiplas dimensões; identificam que o hospital oferece ações específicas para sua abordagem; reconhecem que a exposição pessoal ao risco, ao acidente ou ao conhecimento da ocorrência com colegas, além de ser multicausal, influencia na mudança do seu processo de trabalho e traz repercussões ao cotidiano de sua vida familiar e social. Apontam que institucionalmente seriam ainda necessárias outras abordagens que considerasse as demandas subjetivas e cognitivas dos trabalhadores, somadas àquelas da própria cultura institucional e do ambiente.
The Effects of Vitamin D3 and N-Acetylcysteine Administration in Patients with COVID-19 Hospitalization in the Iranian Population
Authors: Abbasi Samaneh , Fani Mona , Sayar Sara , Radmanesh Esmat , Jelvay Saeed , Pahlavanzadeh Bagher , Arizavi Zahra , Esmaeelian Hani , Asadi Masoomeh , Babaeian Najmeh , Yoosefi Raheleh Pour , Bitaraf Saeed , Elhami Saeedeh , Mobarak Sara
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims: In the absence of treatment for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to control the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study was conducted to compare the effects of vitamin D3 and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on clinical status indicators in patients with COVID-19 hospitalization in Abadan, Iran.
Materials and Methods: 100 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection participated in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to four groups: 3 intervention groups and 1 control group. All patients received standard treatment. In addition, the intervention-1 group received NAC tablets and vitamin D3 placebo ampoules. The intervention-2 group received NAC tablets and vitamin D3 ampoules. The intervention-3 group received vitamin D3 ampoules and NAC placebo tablets. The control group received vitamin D3 placebo ampoules and NAC placebo tablets. Symptoms of the disease and clinical status indicators were compared in groups in the baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively.
Results: The trial comparison showed that the incidence of cough, dyspnea, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in laboratory tests in the NAC-P1 group was lower than in the other three groups (p <0.005). Also, the results showed a significant difference in the length of hospitalization between the four groups. The length of hospitalization was decreased in the NAC-D3 group (p < 0.024).
Conclusion: Based on the results, vitamin D3 supplements and NAC can improve some outcomes in COVID-19 treatment; however, more randomized controlled trial studies are required in this field.
¿Democracia deliberativa y judicialización de los derechos sociales?
Authors: Gargarella Roberto
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo explora qué implica defender un concepto deliberativo de la democracia respecto a la aplicación judicial de los derechos sociales. Aquí se analizan críticamente y, en primer lugar, las dos ideas de democracia que suelen fundamentar las decisiones de los jueces en materia de derechos sociales: la visión pluralista y la “rousseauniana”. Luego de mostrar los problemas propios de ambos enfoques, esta reflexión se pregunta sobre los significados de partir de una noción deliberativa de la democracia al decidir sobre la puesta en práctica o no de los derechos sociales.
¿Influyen los ministros de culto sobre la intención de voto?
Authors: Díaz Domínguez Alejandro
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo analiza los factores religiosos que influyeron en la intención de voto de los mexicanos para las elecciones federales de 2003, pues somete a prueba la intuición generalizada sobre la supuesta influencia de los sacerdotes y predicadores en el comportamiento electoral de los ciudadanos y demuestra que no hay una influencia directa. Mediante la construcción de una metodología específica, se comprueba que dicha relación no existe, innovación que contrasta con estudios que han utilizado indicadores proxy o indirectos en el análisis de las variables religiosas. Asimismo, se demuestra que la imagen común de que los votantes del pan son conservadores en materia religiosa es falsa.
Biografías de exclusión: desventajas y juventud en Argentina
Authors: Saraví Gonzalo
Published: October 2023

Este artículo analiza la creciente vulnerabilidad de las experiencias biográficas. El objetivo consiste en explorar y contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de los procesos de acumulación de desventajas que pueden conducir a la exclusión social en América Latina. En este sentido, el artículo pone énfasis en y pretende construir una perspectiva de análisis que permita dar cuenta del carácter multidimensional y procesual de la vulnerabilidad y la exclusión social. La discusión se focaliza sobre el proceso de transición a la adultez en jóvenes de sectores populares de Argentina, presentándolo como un período del curso de vida particularmente vulnerable y crítico en el período de integración social. La emergencia y acumulación de nuevas y viejas desventajas constituye un eje central. Se utilizan técnicas cuantitativas a partir de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares, y el análisis cualitativo de 60 entrevistas realizadas con jóvenes de sectores populares del Gran Buenos Aires.
Reflexiones socioantropológicas sobre el Estado
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Luis
Published: October 2023

La tesis de la debilidad del Estado ha sido el eje explicativo del origen de las crisis de los estados latinoamericanos. Sostengo que las perspectivas analíticas que se desprenden de dicha tesis son incompletas. Los análisis de la formación de Estado; es decir, de las prácticas de interacción concretas (redes, clientelas, etc.) de los agentes, que no se entienden al margen de otras instituciones, son una alternativa congruente con el argumento antropológico de documentar personas reales, haciendo cosas reales en contextos reales para el estudio de las relaciones sociales que conforman eso que llamamos Estado.
¿Qué ocurrió realmente en Bolivia?
Authors: Torrico Mario
Published: October 2023

El artículo pretende discutir las explicaciones que, asumiendo que el proceso que vive Bolivia es similar al que viven otros países de América Latina, atribuyen la victoria de Evo Morales en las elecciones presidenciales de diciembre de 2005 a un supuesto fracaso de las políticas neoliberales implementadas en la región en el periodo posterior a la crisis de la deuda de la década de 1980. Mostrando datos que revelan que el desempeño económico boliviano durante el periodo neoliberal fue superior al de Argentina, Brasil y México, el artículo ofrece una explicación alternativa que, sin negar la pobreza de la mayor parte de los bolivianos, señala que fue el derrumbe del sistema político y de los partidos que durante veinte años se alternaron en el poder lo que explica el ascenso del primer presidente indígena boliviano.
Política económica, deslegitimación democrática y reconstrucción social en Argentina
Authors: Vázquez Daniel
Published: October 2023

Este artículo se propone analizar las consecuencias de las decisiones de la política económica del menemismo (1989–1999) en la gente y su acuerdo o desacuerdo con el modelo económico. A partir de los puntos anteriores, se intenta comprender: el surgimiento de expectativas sociales en las elecciones presidenciales de 1999, la explosión social del 19 y 20 de diciembre de 2001 como clímax de la desarticulación política, y la necesidad de pensar y generar nuevas prácticas políticas, dado el agotamiento de las formas tradicionales y las categorías universales. Se analizan en particular las asambleas barriales que se conformaron a partir de enero de 2002 y la recomposición de la política como experiencia social.
Travel decision making through blogs and vlogs: An empirical investigation on how user-generated content influences destination image
Authors: Jog Deepti R. , Alcasoas Nelissa Andrea
Published: October 2023

Tourist decision-making is based on the information available before visiting a destination. Although marketing content has a role to play, user-generated content (UGC) has gained momentum in recent years. This study considering the role of travel blogs and vlogs created by the user, aims to comprehend the role of these information sources in the decision-making of their consumers. The present research investigates the preference of travelers for UGC and its role in travel decision-making over other marketing information generated by destination marketing organisations (DMOs). The study is based on responses from 220 Indian tourists via an online web-based survey conducted using a structured questionnaire and applying multi-stage sampling. The study findings reveal a strengthened preference for blogs and vlogs among travelers compared to traditional DMO marketing content. The study provides implications for industry players that can help engage their visitors in UGC creation and dissemination for better marketing by suggesting suitable strategies for tourism.
Pandemia fake newsów w dobie pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Masny Patryk
Published: October 2023

Pandemia COVID-19 była znaczącym społecznie wydarzeniem, ale jej skutki i wpływ były zauważalne także w świecie mediów.  Chociaż na przestrzeni lat odnotowane były różne epidemie, ta dzisiejsza ma szczególny charakter ze względu na fakt, iż jej skutki zauważalne były także w przestrzeni medialnej, co wywierało wpływ również na społeczeństwo. Obecne czasy charakteryzuje wysoko rozwinięta technologia, a media – określane jako czwarta władza – odgrywają w nich niebagatelną rolę. Pełnią też zasadniczą funkcję w kontekście pandemii – przede wszystkim w związku z przepływem informacji na temat zachorowań czy działań podejmowanych w odpowiedzi na aktualną sytuację epidemiologiczną. Niestety, nie jest to wyłącznie służebna rola, ponieważ nie każdą wiadomość można uznać za wiarygodną. Co więcej, niektóre informacje są wyjątkowo szkodliwe. Problem fałszywych komunikatów jest szczególnie zauważalny i jednocześnie najbardziej niepokojący w sieci ze względu na bardzo szybkie rozprzestrzenianie się w niej wszelkiego rodzaju informacji. Autorki w niniejszym opracowaniu nakreśliły rolę fake newsów w dobie pandemii koronawirusa, poddając pod rozwagę definicję fałszywych wiadomości, aspekt etyczny, a także przykłady wraz z opisem. Opracowanie ma charakter przeglądowy i opisuje obszary, jakie dotknęły fake newsy i konsekwencje, jakie ze sobą niosły.
Which factors affect electrophysiological parameters in patients undergoing surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome?
Authors: Wierzbicki Krzysztof , Linart Cezary , Bugdol Monika , Ślusarz Krystian , Romanek Karolina , Tadeusiak Bartosz , Adamczyk-Sowa Monika
Published: October 2023

Wstęp

Zespół cieśni nadgarstka (ZCN) jest neuropatią kończyny górnej, pojawiającą się w wyniku ucisku nerwu pośrodkowego w kanale nadgarstka. Celem badania była ocena parametrów elektrofizjologicznych nerwu pośrodkowego przed leczeniem i 6 miesięcy po leczeniu operacyjnym ZCN u pacjentów obciążonych nikotynizmem oraz chorobami współistniejącymi.

Materiał i metody

Do prospektywnego badania włączono 84 pacjentów z rozpoznanym klinicznie i elektrofizjologicznie ZCN kwalifikowanych do leczenia operacyjnego. U każdego pacjenta przed leczeniem oraz 6 miesięcy po leczeniu operacyjnym ZCN przeprowadzono badanie elektrofizjologiczne.

Wyniki

Uzyskane wyniki dowodzą, że nikotynizm i cukrzyca istotnie pogarszają parametry elektrofizjologiczne u pacjentów poddanych leczeniu operacyjnemu ZCN.

Wnioski

Nikotynizm i cukrzyca są niekorzystnymi rokowniczo czynnikami u osób operowanych z powodu ZCN.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Agricultural Production and Productivity in Banavaram Village of Vellore District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Senthilvelan V. , Sugantha A.
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on agricultural production and productivity in Tamil Nadu. A total of 147 farmers was surveyed in Banavaram village of Vellore district (93% male; 28% 30-39 years old; 38% literates). About one in ten farmers (10%) did not harvest in the past month with primary reasons cited being unfavorable weather (36%) and lockdown-related reasons (26%). A total of 65% of farmers harvested in the past month (primarily paddy and vegetables), but only 45% had sold their crop; 13% were still trying to sell their crop and 38% had stored their crop, with more than half (55%) reporting lockdown-related issues as the reason for storing. Seventy-nine per cent of households with wage-workers witnessed a decline in wages in the past month and 49% of households with incomes from livestock witnessed a decline. Nearly all farmers reported less productivity (97%). These values are much lower than reported previously for farmers in Banavaram village around this time of year before COVID-19. In conclusion, we found that the COVID-19 lockdown in India has primarily impacted farmers’ ability to produce their crops and livestock products which directly affect their day-to-day activity and standard of living.
Topical Applications of Silver Nanoparticles for Wound Healing Enhancement in Various Animals
Authors: Parmar J.J. , Hadiya K.K. , Shah A.I. , Rao Neha , Amin N.R.
Published: October 2023

Background: In animals due to multiple factors sometime wound management with topical anti-septic dressing along with routine medication does not give any satisfactory outcome and becomes a challenge for the veterinarians. Due to antibacterial and wound healing enhancement properties of silver nano-particles in different forms, it is widely used topically in human wound therapy. The application of silver nano-particles in wound healing in chronic complicated wounds in animals especially in clinical cases is very less documented. Methods: Total twenty seven animals of various species, viz., dogs (n=20), goats (n=6), cat (n=1) and buffalo (n=1) presented with different types of chronic complicated wounds on different body parts were included in this study. The wounds after evaluation were treated according to conditions with routine antiseptic dressing with other required parenteral medications for initial 3 days. All the wounds were also subjected for topical application of silver nano-particles (100 ppm AgNOs spay) twice a day. The day of presentation was considered as a day ‘0’ and subsequent days for granulation, wound contraction and complete healing were recorded. Result: Amongst 20 canine wound cases, granulation of tissues with wound contraction was noted in around 5-12 days and complete healing of wound with or without scar formation was observed in 15-32 days. Among the six female goat patients, complete wound healing was observed on day 16 to day 19 according to the site and depth of wounds. In the wounds located on head, perivulvar, perineal, abdominal regions showed the marked granulation from day 3 to day 5 along with remarkable wound contraction. The wounds presented on limbs exhibited less granulation compared to wounds presented on other parts. The granulation was observed from day 5th on limb region. In all the cases healing period was found variable from day 10 to day 32.
A Study on Aesthetics of Confucian & Taoistic Calligraphic Theory in East Han
Authors:   The Korean Society of Calligraphy, Lee Soon-ok
Published: October 2023

An overview of the history of Chinese calligraphy shows that many people in Tang Dynasty such as Zang Huaiguan(張懷瓘), Yu Shinan(虞世南), expressed very precise and philosophical views on calligraphy. Yet, there have already been discussions related to calligraphy in thr Eastern Han Dynasty before such in-depth views of calligraphy in Tang Dynasty. Yang Xiong(揚雄) has already clarified the espression of the mind of calligraphy by saying that 'Shu(書)〔originally a book, but later understood as a calligraphy〕is picture of the mind, which is composed of characters written with a brush. however, people that understood and practically applied it to calligraphy are the Cui Yuan(崔瑗) and Cai Yong(蔡邕) in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
In「Caushushi(草書勢)」, Cui Yuan gave calligraphy an independent aesthetic value that deviated from practical functionality. Moreover, it contains content that shows the aftistry of the individual's self-awarenss. In order words, it describes the artistic characteristics of the cursive script through the origin of calligraphy, the occurrence of the cursive script and the feeling of the shape and its force of the cursive script.
Cai Yong wrote「Bilun(筆論)」, and it says what kind of mindset and brushstroke is used in calligraphy creation to make calligraphy creation with true beauty possible. It is the so-called ‘calligraphy is an art that works on creation by relaxing the tension of the mind 〔書者, 散也〕’ In other words, it revealed for the first time what kind of mind could be conveyed through what kind of creative attitude and what kind of movement of the brush could be used to write truly beautiful writing. It shows that the recognized calligraphy in Taoist aesthetic thought.
Cui Yuan and Cai Yong not only mentioned calligraphy techniques and the method of wielding brush related to actual calligraphy creation but also clarified what conditions must be met for calligraphy to become a magnificent art. Such remarks by Cui Yuan and Cai Yong contain. the contents of understanding calligraphy through the taoist philosophy, on their views. Thus, from the perspective of calligraphy aesthetics, various andswers to the question 'what kind of art is calligraphy can be obtained through the views and perceptions of calligraphy by Cui Yuan, Zhao Yi and Cai Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A study on The Acceptance of 『Jeon-ye Geumganggyeong』 by 『Jeon Jungyong』
Authors:   The Korean Society of Calligraphy, Park Chul-seung
Published: October 2023

『Jeon Jungyong(篆中庸)』 is a book published by Park Young(朴詠) in 1544 by transcribing the main text of 『Jungyong janggu(中庸章句)』 in 33 types of Seal script.
Since it is impossible to create all 33 styles by Park Young alone, this paper focused on identifying the reference book, 'Dangbon(唐本)', which he mentioned in the epilogue. However, until the Tang Dynasty, records of various character types belonging to Seal script were examined, but there was no extant data that could confirm the actual writings. A little bit, Wei Xu(韋續)'s 「56 style's writing(五十六種書)」 thought that there was a possibility of be a model. Because there are many types of Japchejeon(雜體篆) and explanations of the creative process. During the Northern Song Dynasty Jingde(景德, 1004-1007) years, Monk Dawken(釋道肯) added 「56 style's writing」 to <18 style's Seal script Monument(十八體篆書碑)」 and published 『32 style's Seal script Gold Sutra(三十二體篆書金剛經)』. The original disappeared early, but many reissue versions were produced afterwards.
In 1288, 'the reissued by Ken monk’ version with a preface written by Chen Shuzhao(陳叔昭), 『Jeon-ye Geumganggyeong(篆隸金剛經)』 was introduced to Korea. This many woodblock versions still have survived to this day. It proves that the influence was great in the meantime. It is presumed that Park Young used this as a standard and published 『Jeon Jungyong』.
『Jeon-ye Geumganggyeong』 contains 32 types of japchejeon names, sources, and actual letter shapes. The 33 types of 『Jeon Jungyong』 coincide with the 29 types of 『Jeon-ye Geumganggyeong』.
Afterwards, in the preface and epilogue to 『Jeon-un pyeonlam(篆韻便覽)』 written by Gyeong Yu-Gyeom(景惟謙) in 1651, the existence and interrelationship between 『Jeon Jungyong』 and 『Jeon-ye Geumganggyeong』 were mentioned. And in 1675, 『Jeonhae simgyeong(篆海心鏡)』 through the preface written by Kim Man-Gi(金萬基), it can be seen that the 38 japchejeons of 『Jeon Daehag(篆大學)』 completed by Kim Jin-Heung(金振興) in 1661 are based on 『Jeon-ye Geumganggyeong』. In all, it can be confirmed that 『Jeon Jungyong』 played a leading role.
A new genre of Chinese calligraphyintegrating the seal, cursive and semi­cursive components of characters
Authors:   The Korean Society of Calligraphy, Kim Seong-in , Kang Cheon-kyu
Published: October 2023

The four main styles of Chinese calligraphy characters are in the general order of their appearance: seal script, clerical script, regular script, and cursive­semi­cursive script. Generally, all the characters in a calligraphic art work have a consistent type of script. In this paper, we develop a new genre of calligraphy art, in which the components constituting one character are expressed into the seal script and cursive­semi­cursive script, which is a fusion of the two scripts.
The fusion of these scripts brings forth various aesthetic characteristics by greatly expanding the formativeness of the scripts. This fusion script maintains the aesthetic characteristics of each of the two scripts, and in combined form, it shows its own diverse yet unique aesthetic aspects.
The calligraphic art work in this fusion script genre inherits the artistry in both of the seal script genre and the cursive­or­semi­cursive script genre. Furthermore, as a synergy effect of the two genres, it has infinite potential artistry and displays an inspiringly profound and rich yet unique artistic atmosphere and inspiration.
Crop disease control efficacy and selection for resistance: two sides of the same coin?
Authors:   ADAS High Mowthorpe, UK, van den Bosch Frank , Parnell Stephen ,   The University of Warwick Wellesbourne, UK, Paveley Neil ,   ADAS High Mowthorpe, UK
Published: October 2023

Fungicides are used to control plant disease, so any resistance management strategy of practical relevance needs to provide effective disease control. In general, a more intense treatment programme, with higher dosages and/or more applications will exert a higher selection pressure to the pathogen to evolve strains lees sensitive to the fungicides used. In this chapter we explore the evidence relating to the relationship between disease control efficacy and selection for fungicide resistance.
Understanding resistance to sterol biosynthesis inhibitor fungicides
Authors:   Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Germany, Mehl Andreas
Published: October 2023

This chapter discusses understanding resistance to sterol biosynthesis inhibitor (SBI) fungicides. It starts by first highlighting the current market and trends for this type of fungicide, then goes on to provide a short history of de-methylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, one of the four subclasses SBI fungicides can be divided into. This is then followed by an overview of resistance risk and general resistance characteristics of SBI fungicides. A section on mode of action and mechanisms of resistance is also included, followed by a discussion that provides specific examples of resistance to DMIs. The chapter also includes a section that highlights recommended uses for resistance management.
Understanding resistance to oxysterol binding protein inhibitor fungicides
Authors:   Corteva Agriscience, France, Genet Jean-Luc
Published: October 2023

Downy mildews and late blight are important crop diseases caused by oomycetes which often require the use of fungicides with a cost of control estimated at $2 billion annually. In recent years, the crop protection industry has been rather successful in discovering and introducing plant protection products targeting oomycetes, however some species have developed resistance to nearly all fungicides with a single-site mode of action. Oxathiapiprolin and fluoxapiprolin are the most recently introduced oomycete fungicides and target oxysterol binding proteins (OSBP). The risk of resistance to OSBP inhibitors has been determined by combining risk values for the fungicides, pathogens, and agronomic systems using an assessment matrix. Resistance management guidelines for this mode of action include a strict limitation to the number of fungicide applications, preventative application timing and use exclusively in mixture with other fungicides having a different mode of action. In the context of regulatory pressure on older fungicides, especially those with multi-site activity, the observance of the FRAC OSBPI guidelines combined with Integrated Pest Management practices will be critical to protect the effectiveness of these valuable new tools.
The Relationship Between Preoperative Examination and High Phimosis Complication in Thermocautery Assisted Circumcision in İnfancy
Authors: KALYONCU AYÇENK Aybegum
Published: October 2023

Objective: To this study, we presented our experience with thermocautery assisted guillotine/clamp (TAG) method circumcisions on infant age and to share high rate of penile adhesions/phimosis complications that we found at the end of study.

Methods: A retrospective review between July 2020 and October 2022, 80 patients under the age of 1 who were circumcised by a single surgeon using the thermocautery assisted guillotine/clamp method, under the local anesthesia were included in the study (Thermo-Med TM 802B device; Thermo Medikal, Adana, Turkey).

Results: 80 patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was 0-6 months old, group 2 was 6-12 months old. According to the weight percentile in group 1, 44.4% of the patients were above 75. percentile (p), in group 2, 34% of the patient were 25-50.p. In the preoperative evaluations, the presence of pubic fatty tissue was found in 24% of the patients in group 1 and 30% in group 2. Early complications occurred in 7 patients. Late complications were seen in 22 patients (27,5%). The presence of excess penile tissue was observed in 12 of them.

Conclusion: The TAG method is cheap, fast operation time and has a very good bleeding control. However, its use in infant group affects complication rates due to infant anatomical features. In the decision of circumcision in infant age, if there is a pubic fatty tissue in the preoperative examination, the high probability of complications should be taken into account when choosing the TAG method
Is There A Relationship Between Chewing Side Preference and Brain Laterality in Bruxers and Non-Bruxers?
Authors: KARTAL Özge , YELER Defne , ENİNANÇ İlknur , YELER Hasan , GÜLTÜRK Esra
Published: October 2023

Objective: There is no consensus on the etiology of unilateral mastication. While some studies argue that environmental factors such as missing teeth, teeth with restoration, pain, dental caries and temporomandibular disorder affect chewing side preference, others claim that brain laterality associated with hand, foot, ear and eye preferences also influences a chewing side preference. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the direction of unilateral chewing preference and brain laterality in fully dentate bruxers and non-bruxers (fully dentate or with missing and/or restored teeth).

Methods: Brain laterality of the subjects (n=132) was determined based on responses to questions about extremity and sensory preferences. The reliable visual analogue scale (VAS), Kazazoglu’s method and the sunflower seed shell cracking test were used to determine chewing side preference (CSP).

Results: CSP as determined by VAS was not associated with brain laterality. While extremity and sensory preferences were predominantly right-sided (dominant left hemisphere) in all groups, the frequency of the left-side chewing was found to be high only among bruxers (p>0.05). No significant association was found between the results of VAS and other techniques (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The left-side CSP is observed more commonly in bruxers, suggesting that different central and peripheral mechanisms may be involved in bruxers.