bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ADVANCED TWO DIMENSIONAL METHODS OF SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS
Authors: VINOD M PANDIT , JIGNESH B PATEL , AMOL K THAKARE
Published: April 2022

The analysis and design of failing slopes and highway embankments requires an in-depth understanding of the failure mechanism in order to choose the right slope stability analysis method. In the present work, the concept and theory involved in different methods of slope stability analysis of earth embankment have been discussed. The mathematical equations and the methodology for calculating the factor of safety of earth slope of any specified (chosen) slip circle by various methods has been given. By repeating the process for different slip circles, the minimum factor of safety can be calculated and critical slip circle obtained. A simple example of earth embankment has been analyzed to illustrate the methodology with the help of Microsoft Excel program for various methods and the values of FOS resulted are compared.
REUSE OF TEXTILE MILL SLUDGE IN BURNT CLAY BRICKS
Authors: JAHAGIRDAR SHRIKANT S , SHRIHARI S. , MANU B.
Published: April 2022

Textile mill being second largest industry in India faces problem of sludge disposal. In this study attempt is made to reuse textile mill sludge in burnt clay bricks. textile mill sludge is used to replace base material by weight upto 35%. Analysis of textile mill sludge and soils is done for its chemical content. Bricks cast by adding sludge are fired after drying at 6000C to 8000C and for 8, 16 and 24 hrs. textile sludge can be added added up to 15% as it gives compressive strength above 3.5 N/mm2 and water absorption ratio less than 20%. Thus reuse of textile mill sludge in burnt clay bricks is better option so that problem of ultimate disposal of textile mill sludge can be solved up to greater extent.
CYLENDRCAL BENDING OF COMPOSITE PLATES USING REFINED PLATE THEORY
Authors: GHUMARE S. M. , SAYYAD A. S. , PATANKAR SUBHASH V.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, Cylindrical bending of composite plates using refined plate theory is presented. The theory accounts for the parabolic variation of shear strains through the thickness of plate. Hence does not require shear correction factor. The displacement field of the theory contains two variables same as that of first order shear deformation theory. Governing equations and boundary conditions are derived from the principle of virtual work. Numerical results are obtained for cylindrical bending of simply supported composite plate to investigate effects of modular ratios.
Optimasi Kualitas Tenaga Listrik Di Area Banyuwangi Menggunakan Radio Gateway Over Internet Protocol
Authors: Machrus Ali  , Dwi Ajiatmo  , Muhlasin
Published: April 2022

One of the communication problems at PLN is communication in areas that are not covered by radio frequencies. With the limitation related to radio frequency because the blankspot can have an impact on the speed of service, both in terms of recovering when disturbances occur, communication for coordination between officers, and maintenance work. Meanwhile, efforts to expand radio frequency coverage areas by building tower repeater links and BTS tower rentals require relatively large costs. Information technology that is developing now makes it easy for everyone to communicate through various media, one of which is an internet connection. Widespread development of infrastructure owned by telecommunications providers, the wider availability of internet connections in the blank spot area. To overcome the blank spot areas that have an impact on SAIDI and SAIFI, Radio Gateway Over Internet Protocol is used in the working area of ​​PT. PLN (Persero) Banyuwangi area that connects communication radios with mobile phones through the internet network. From the calculation using the average formula in the Microsoft Excel program the average value of SAIDI is better than before. Meanwhile, the average SAIFI score afterwards is also better than before. By using the T-Test test analysis it is known that the calculated t value is better, and for SAIFI it is known that the calculated SAIDI data is also better.
Organizational integrity and its impact on enhancing organizational performance through psychological capital: an analytical study on a sample of employees of the general company for the oil industry in maysan governorate
Authors: Kazem Jassim Rahi , Sabti Yousif Mousa , Ali Ghazanfar , Abbas Yasir Abdullah , Nasser Raed Hamid
Published: April 2022

This research aims to know the impact of organizational integrity with its dimensions represented by (critical tasks, leadership supervision, focus on the process, focus on ensuring efficiency, human resource burden, communication and trust, education and continuous improvement, change) and its role in enhancing organizational performance in its dimensions represented by: (organizational, social) through psychological capital with its dimensions (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and flexibility), in the general company for oil industry in Maysan governorate, as the research problem lies in the extent of the researched company’s interest in organizational integrity, the organization’s performance and psychological capital by deporting them. In addition to the extent of the relationship between them, and the importance of the research in diagnosing the impact of organizational integrity in its dimensions in enhancing the performance of the organization in its dimensions through psychological capital, and for the success of this research. A sample of employees in the general company for the oil industry in Maysan governorate was selected, and the researchers adopted on the questionnaire as a tool for data collection and to accomplish this research and achieve the objectives it seeks, (155) questionnaires were distributed, the researchers obtained (150) questionnaires, which are valid for statistical analysis. The statistical program (SPSS v.23) was used. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that organizational integrity is one of the contemporary and important topics in the field of organizational behavior as a management philosophy used by organizations to achieve their goals.
Neural Style Transfer Using ResNet50V2
Authors: S. Sai Krupa Reddy  , V. Sri Rama Kumar  , P. Vaishnavi  , Sriram Harika  , K. Sreeja  , Shashank Tiwari
Published: April 2022

The test of taking a content picture and a style picture as info and taking a picture with the content of the content picture and the style of the style picture is known as Neural Style Transfer (NST). The most often used approach for Neural Style Transfer is an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) that utilizes ResNet50V2 and TensorFlow. Our investigation sheds intelligence on how Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) figure out how to address filmland and how they may be utilized to make and alter elevated place pictures.
Antibacterial Activity of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) against Pathogenic Microbes
Authors: Sonu R Tanwar  , Pratiksha R Phadke  , Hrutuja M Maydeo  , Kirti J Mhatre
Published: April 2022

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a unique and valuable plant and has recently gained worldwide attention mainly for its medicinal and nutritional potential. It is a thorny bush with yellow-orange pearl shaped fruits and has a high content of vitamins, minerals, natural antioxidants and omega-3,6 fatty acids.Doses of 2 mg/ml, 4 mg/ml and 6 mg/mlof aqueous extract of plant berry powder were evaluated against Gram positive and Gram negative microbes by usingdisc diffusion and agar well diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was compared with the standard drugs vancomycin andKanamycin(30 µg/ml). It was concluded that the aqueous extract of berry powder has antibacterial activity, which may be used to preventvarious diseases and can be incorporated in human and animal diet.
Restoration Techniques for the Enhancement of Stone Inscriptions
Authors: Bapu Chendage  , Rajivkumar Mente  , Anand Chavan
Published: April 2022

Characteristics and scenes of historical events were recorded by ancient inscriptions. As the time passes and due to weather conditions and improper handling, the ancient inscriptions may degrade. This paper reports the image processing methods in restoration and Enhancement of ancient inscriptions. Image restoration means recovering original image from degraded image. Image restoration represents basic problems in image processing with many applications such as reconstruction of missing data, recover ideal inscription image. Depending on different types of inscription image different restoration technique is used. The restoration techniques preserve the ancient inscriptions. In different types of images noise plays very important role. If noise in image is less then quality of image is high. Different filtering techniques are used to remove different types of noise from an image. This paper presents different restoration filters with some quality metrics for the inscriptions.
İslam Dünyasında Mezhepsel Gerilimlerde Şii Ekollü Sosyal ve Dini Bir Örgütlenme: Hizbullah
Authors: BAŞ Fatih
Published: April 2022

Ortadoğu İslam dünyasında aktüel olan bölünme ve ayrışmada Hizbullah örgütünün yürüttüğü Şiî eksenli mezhebi politikaların etkisi çalışmamızda ortaya konulmaktadır. Hizbullah örgütünün kuruluşu İran İslam Devrimiyle eş zamanlı bir sürece denk gelmekte ve İran’ın Hizbullah örgütü ile yakın ilişkisi bilinmektedir. Şiîlik mezhebini benimseyen Hizbullah örgütü gerek kurulduğu Lübnan’da gerekse Ortadoğu’nun farklı ülkelerinde aktif siyasal, sosyal ve dinî faaliyet yürütmektedir. İran’ın ilgileri doğrultusunda hareket eden Hizbullah, Ortadoğu’da çeşitli ülkeleri yayılım alanı haline getirmekte ve İran’a bölgesel alan açmaktadır. Buna karşın Ortadoğu’daki Sünnî ülkeler Hizbullah ve dolaylı olarak İran’ın yayılım sahasını genişletmesinden rahatsızlık duymaktadır. Bu durum Ortadoğu İslam coğrafyasındaki Şiî ve Sünnî ülkelerin bölgesel gerilimlerini tırmandırmaktadır. Mezhepsel gerilimlerin bir yansıması olarak ise İslam toplumlarında barış ve güvenlik sorunu açığa çıkmaktadır. Hizbullah’ın Lübnan dışında Irak, Suriye ve Yemen gibi ülkelerde yürüttüğü siyasî, askerî ve dinî politikalar ayrışmayı ve çatışmayı tırmandırmaktadır. Ayrıca sosyal ve dinî yönüyle ortaya çıkan örgütün zamanla askerî ve siyasî amaçlar doğrultusunda hareket ederek bölgedeki bu toplumları tehdit ettiği düşünülmektedir. Bölgedeki İslam toplumlarında yaşanan sorunlara kaynaklık eden mezhepsel bölünmede Hizbullah’ın da belirgin rolünün olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda makalede öncelikle Hizbullah örgütü sosyal açıdan ele alınmakta, akabinde Şiîlik ile ilişkisi izah edilmektedir. Daha sonra da Ortadoğu’daki Sünnî ülkelerin Hizbullah’a yaklaşımı değerlendirilmektedir. Mezhepsel gerilimlerde ve çatışmada Hizbullah’ın rolü tartışılarak, makale sonuç kısmıyla tamamlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı kendini steril bir alanda konumlandıran Hizbullah’ın İslam dünyasında mezhepsel fay hatlarını tetiklemedeki rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Öyle ki Hizbullah’ın mezhepçi ve yayılmacı politikalarla gerilimlerin tırmanmasında bariz şekilde pay sahibi olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca makalede toplumsal bir aktör olarak Hizbullah’ın zamanla nasıl radikal bir askeri ve siyasi yapıya dönüştüğü ve bunun bölgedeki İslam toplumları için yarattığı problemlere odaklanılması onun özgün yönü olarak değerlendirilmektedir.
Prevalence and antibioresistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from lettuce and irrigation water in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: ROUAMBA Sibiri Sylvain , SOMDA Namwin Siourimè , TAPSOBA François , SOMDA Asseto , OUÉDRAOGO Marie-Laurence Paulette , KABRÉ Elie , SANGARÉ Lassana , SAVADOGO Aly
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The use of partially or untreated wastewater in the irrigation of vegetable crops constitutes a risk of microbiological contamination that can cause diarrhea in the consumer. Aim. This study mainly aimed to assess the level of contamination of irrigation water and lettuce as well as to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of isolated bacteria. Methods. A total of eighty samples of lettuce and ten irrigation waters were collected from the market gardening sites of Boulmiougou, Bissigin, the National School of Public Health and Tanghin. The research of thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella was done following ISO standard methods. Isolated Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains were tested for their resistance profile by using the Kirby-Bauer method with a panel of twenty different antibiotics. Results. Out of the eighty lettuce samples, 68.75% (55) contained thermotolerant coliforms with an average load of 8.75 ×105 CFU g-1. The prevalence of Escherichia coli was 57.5% (46) and Salmonella prevalence was 11.25% (9) including eight strains of Salmonella enterica spp. and one strain of Salmonella enterica arizonea. All irrigation waters were contaminated by thermotolerant coliforms at an average concentration of 3.11×104 CFU/100mL. The prevalence of Escherichia coli in the irrigation waters was 40% (4/10) while Salmonella enterica spp. was 20% (2/10). The highest antibiotic resistance was found in Escherichia coli strains with ampicillin 28.26%, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 26.09% and tetracycline 19.57%. Conclusion. The water used to irrigate vegetable crops in Ouagadougou could be a major source of contamination of vegetables by microorganisms. In addition, the consumption of lettuce would constitute a risk of propagation of salmonellosis among the population.
Arthroscopic surgery results for plica syndrome of the knee
Authors: IRISMETOV Murodjon Ergashevich , TADJINAZAROV Murodbek Bakhodirovich
Published: April 2022

Aim. This study aimed to carry out a comparative analysis of the treatment results in patients with plica syndrome of the knee. Methods. A total of 425 patients are contributed in the study done during 2018-2019 (main group) and 2014-2017 (comparison group). The main group was consisted of 205 patients who underwent early arthroscopic surgery as the main treatment. The comparison group was consisted of 220 patients who were prescribed conservative therapy for 3 months as the first stage of treatment; in case of ineffectiveness, arthroscopic diagnostics were performed, followed by surgical correction of the pathology of the synovial plica of the knee. Evaluation of the results was carried out after 1 and 3 months (early and immediate postoperative period), 6 and 12 months (long-term postoperative period), and was based on the data of clinical (complaints and physical examination), instrumental (ultrasound and MRI) examination and test results on the scale Lysholm and a special questionnaire IKDC-2000 by comparing these indicators with the data before and after the surgical treatment of patients. Results. The share of excellent and good long-term results was increased from 80.4% to 92.7%, the frequency of specific complications was reduced from 17.3% to 5.4%. Arthroscopic surgery provided successful therapy in 94.6% of cases in patients with pathological synovial folds of the knee. Long-term rehabilitation of more than 6 months was required in 5.4% (11 out of 205) cases, in particular with recurrent synovitis (7 out of 11; 63.6%), chronic pain in the patellofemoral joint (2 out of 11; 18.2%) and the presence of movement restrictions in the knee joint (2 out of 11; 18.2%). Conclusion. The early use of arthroscopic surgery of pathologically altered synovial folds of the knee joint is accompanied by a positive dynamics of points on the Lysholm scale and the IKDC-2000 questionnaire during treatment and is characterized by the possibility of regression of the intra-articular pathological process with a significant increase in the proportion of excellent and good results in the immediate and late postoperative periods.
Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Servisinde Bebeği Yatan Babaların Bağlanma Durumlarının Ebeveyn Rolüne İlişkin Kendilik Algısıyla İlişkisi
Authors: DAĞLAR Gülseren , ERTEKİN PINAR Şükran , ÖZBEK Hilal
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı yenidoğan yoğun bakım servisinde bebeği yatan babaların bağlanma durumları ile ebeveyn rolüne ilişkin kendilik algısı arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma kesitsel tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Araştırmanın evrenini 01.02.2019-30.07.2019 tarihleri arasında Sivas ilinde bir Devlet Hastanesi Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Servisi’nde bebeği yatan babalar oluşturmuştur. Örneklem seçimi yapılmamış, tüm babalara ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Örneklem kritelerini karşılayan 176 baba örneklemi oluşturmuştur. Veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Baba-Bebek Bağlanma Ölçeği (B-BBÖ) ve Ebeveyn Rolüne İlişkin Kendilik Algısı (ERKA) Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Babaların yaş ortalaması 30.99±5.46 olup %38,6’sı ilköğretim mezunudur ve %47,2’si ilk bebeğine sahip olmuştur. B-BBÖ toplam puan ortalaması 77,8±8,10 dur. ERKA ölçeği alt boyut puan ortalamaları; yeterlilik 14,9±2,78; rol doyumu 12,4±2,84; yatırım 11,9±2,68; rol dengeleme 15,4±2,68 dir. B-BBÖ alt boyutlarından “sabır ve hoşgörü” ile ERKA ölçeği alt boyutlarından “yatırım” arasında negatif yönlü zayıf düzeyde “etkileşimde zevk” ve “sevgi ve gurur” alt boyutu ile yatırım alt boyutu arasında da çok zayıf negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır (p0.01). Babaların bağlanma ölçeğinden aldıkları puan arttıkça ERKA ölçeğinin yatırım alt boyut puanı azalmakta iken yeterlik, rol doyumu ve rol dengeleme alt boyutları etkilenmemektedir. Yenidoğanın tedavi gördüğü durumlarda babalara, baba bebek bağlanmasına ve ebeveyn rolüne ilişkin kendilik algısının geliştirilmesine yönelik ebelik bakımları planlanmalıdır.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGISIAN IPEPA-PS PERPANJANGAN MASA AKREDITASI PROGRAM STUDI DI FAKULTAS ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN PSIKOLOGI UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN MANDALIKA TAHUN 2021
Authors: HARIAWAN RUDI , HAROMAIN HAROMAIN , SUHARDI MUHAMMAD
Published: April 2022

Referring to the application of Permendikbud Number 5 of 2020 concerning Accreditation of Study Programs and Universities. This policy makes it easy for study programs and universities to obtain an extension of the accreditation period without having to make any submissions. However, this is not the case for the 4 study programs at the Faculty of Education and Psychology at the Mandalika Mataram University of Education which must fill out IPEPA to obtain an extension of the accreditation period. The Study Program is asked to fill out and prepare IPEPA, the problem is that the study program does not understand the new accreditation mechanism and the technical filling of IPEPA in accordance with the applicable mechanism, it is necessary to provide technical assistance and guidance with the stages of activities carried out, among others, namely: (1) Preparation of the IPEPA TEAM, (2) Preparing the Activity Schedule, (3) Collecting Data and Documents, (4) Assisting in filling out IPEPA, (5) Assisting in filling out Performance Data, (6) Assisting in filling out the Performance Evaluation Report. Based on the implementation of assistance in filling out IPEPA-PS, 4 (four) Study Programs have received an extension of the Accreditation Period for the next 5 (five) years with a B rating.
ABSTRAKMengacu pada penerapan Permendikbud Nomor 5 tahun 2020 tentang Akreditasi Program Studi dan Perguruan Tinggi. Kebijakan ini memberikan kemudahan bagi program studi dan perguruan tinggi untuk memperoleh perpanjangan masa akreditasi tanpa harus melakukan pengajuan apapun. Akan tetapi tidak demikian bagi 4 program studi pada Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan dan Psikologi di Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika Mataram yang harus mengisi IPEPA untuk memperoleh perpanjangan masa akreditasi. Program Studi diminta untuk mengisi dan menyusun IPEPA, permasalahannya adalah program studi kurang faham tentang mekanisme akreditasi yang baru dan teknis pengisian IPEPA sesuai dengan mekanisme yang berlaku, maka diperlukan pendampingan dan bimbingan teknis dengan tahapan kegiatan yang dilakukan, antara lain, yaitu: (1) Penyusunan TIM IPEPA, (2) Menyusun Jadwal Kegiatan, (3) Pengumpulan Data dan Dokumen, (4) Pendampingan pengisian IPEPA, (5) Pendampingan Pengisian Data Kinerja, (6) Pendampingan Pengisian Laporan Evaluasi Kinerja. Berdasarkan pelaksanaan pendampingan pengisian IPEPA-PS inilah 4 (empat) Prodi telah mendapatkan perpanjangan Masa Akreditasi untuk 5 (lima) tahun ke depan dengan Peringkat B.
Peat macropore networks – new insights into episodic and hotspot methane emission
Authors: Kiuru Petri , Palviainen Marjo , Grönholm Tiia , Raivonen Maarit , Kohl Lukas , Gauci Vincent , Urzainki Iñaki , Laurén Annamari
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Peatlands are important natural sources of atmospheric methane (CH4) emissions. The production and emission of CH4 are strongly influenced by the diffusion of oxygen into the soil and of CH4 from the soil to the atmosphere, respectively. This diffusion, in turn, is controlled by the structure of macropore networks. The characterization of peat pore structure and connectivity through complex network theory approaches can give conceptual insight into how the relationship between the microscale pore space properties and CH4 emissions on a macroscopic scale is shaped. The evolution of the pore space that is connected to the atmosphere can also be conceptualized through a pore network modeling approach. Pore regions isolated from the atmosphere may further develop into anaerobic pockets, which are local hotspots of CH4 production in unsaturated peat. In this study, we extracted interconnecting macropore networks from three-dimensional X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) images of peat samples and evaluated local and global connectivity metrics for the networks. We also simulated the water retention characteristics of the peat samples using a pore network modeling approach and compared the simulation results with measured water retention characteristics. The results showed large differences in peat macropore structure and pore network connectivity between vertical soil layers. The macropore space was more connected and the flow paths through the peat matrix were less tortuous near the soil surface than at deeper depths. In addition, macroporosity, structural anisotropy, and average pore throat diameter decreased with depth. Narrower and more winding air-filled diffusion channels may reduce the rate of gas transport as the distance from the peat layer to the soil–air interface increases. The network analysis also suggests that both local and global network connectivity metrics, such as the network average clustering coefficient and closeness centrality, might serve as proxies for assessing the efficiency of gas diffusion in air-filled pore networks. However, the applicability of the network metrics was restricted to the high-porosity near-surface layer. The spatial extent and continuity of the pore network and the spatial distribution of the pores may be reflected in different network metrics in contrasting ways. The hysteresis of peat water content between wetting and drying was found to affect the evolution of the volume of connected air-filled pore space in unsaturated peat. Thus, the formation of anaerobic pockets may occur in a smaller soil volume and methanogenesis may be slower when the peat is wetting compared to in drying conditions. This hysteretic behavior might explain the hotspots and episodic spikes of CH4 emissions, and therefore, it should be taken into account in biogeochemical models.
Intercomparing radar data assimilation systems for ICE-POP 2018 snowfall cases
Authors: Min Ki-Hong , Chung Kao-Shen , Lee Ji-Won , You Cheng-Rong , Lee Gyuwon
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Gangwon-do (GWD) has complex terrain and surface characteristics due to its location to the East Sea and the Taebaek Mountain range. This coastal location and rugged terrain can amplify snowfall mechanisms, making it challenging to accurately predict the amount and location. This study compares two methods for assimilating radar data and analyzed snowfall prediction results. The two methods compared are local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) and three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) data assimilation (DA). LETKF improved the water vapor amount and temperature using the covariance of the ensemble members, but 3DVAR improved the water vapor mixing ratio and temperature through an operator that assumed the atmosphere was saturated when reflectivity was above a certain threshold. In 2018, to understand the snowfall in GWD region and support the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, a long-term heavy snow observation campaign was conducted. The International Collaborative Experiments for the 2018 Pyeongchang Olympic Games Projects (ICE-POP 2018) data are used to study and verify the numerical experiments. From the initial field verification using ICE-POP observation data (radiosonde), wind in LETKF was more accurately simulated than 3DVAR, but it underestimated the water vapor amount and temperature in the lower troposphere due to a lack of a water vapor and temperature observation operator. Snowfall in GWD was less simulated in LETKF, whereas snowfall of 10.0 mm or more was simulated in 3DVAR, resulting in an error of 2.62 mm lower than LETKF. The results signify that water vapor assimilation is important in radar DA and significantly impacts precipitation forecasts, regardless of the DA method used. Therefore, it is necessary to apply observation operators for water vapor and temperature in radar DA.
Testing a maximum evaporation theory over saturated land: implications for potential evaporation estimation
Authors: Tu Zhuoyi , Yang Yuting , Roderick Michael L.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. State-of-the-art evaporation models usually assume net radiation (Rn) and surface temperature (Ts; or near-surface air temperature) to be independent forcings on evaporation. However, Rn depends directly on Ts via outgoing longwave radiation, and this creates a physical coupling between Rn and Ts that extends to evaporation. In this study, we test a maximum evaporation theory originally developed for the global ocean over saturated land surfaces, which explicitly acknowledges the interactions between radiation, Ts, and evaporation. Similar to the ocean surface, we find that a maximum evaporation (LEmax) emerges over saturated land that represents a generic trade-off between a lower Rn and a higher evaporation fraction as Ts increases. Compared with flux site observations at the daily scale, we show that LEmax corresponds well to observed evaporation under non-water-limited conditions and that the Ts value at which LEmax occurs also corresponds with the observed Ts. Our results suggest that saturated land surfaces behave essentially the same as ocean surfaces at timescales longer than a day and further imply that the maximum evaporation concept is a natural attribute of saturated land surfaces, which can be the basis of a new approach to estimating evaporation.
Environmental factors affecting wildfire-burned areas in southeastern France, 1970–2019
Authors: Bountzouklis Christos , Fox Dennis M. , Di Bernardino Elena
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Forest fires burn an average of about 440 000 ha each year in southern Europe. These fires cause numerous casualties and deaths and destroy houses and other infrastructure. In order to elaborate on suitable firefighting strategies, complex interactions between human and environmental factors must be taken into account. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution in the burned area over a 50-year period (1970–2019) and its interactions with topography (slope aspect and inclination) and vegetation type in southeastern France by exploiting the geographic information system (GIS) databases. Data were analyzed for two 25-year periods (1970–1994 and 1995–2019), since a new fire suppression policy was put into place after 1994, which focused on rapid extinction of fires in
their early phase. In the last 25 years, the burned area decreased sharply, and the geographic distribution of fires also changed, especially in regions where large fires occur (Var administrative division). Elsewhere, even though forest fires remain frequent, the total extent of the burned area decreased substantially. Fire hotspots appear closer to built-up areas in the west, are randomly distributed in the east, and they almost completely disappear in the central region of the study area where there is a history of large fires. Slope orientation presents an increasingly important role in the second period; south-facing slopes are preferred the most by fire, and north-facing slopes are preferentially avoided. Even though the slope inclination is less affected by the new firefighting strategy, low slope inclinations are even more avoided after 1994. The greatest proportion of the burned area is strongly associated with the location of sclerophyllous vegetation clusters which exhibit highly fire prone and expand in area over time. Natural grasslands are also preferred by fire, while broadleaved, coniferous, and mixed forest are increasingly avoided by fire.
İLKOKUL ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ ÇEKEN ÖĞRENCİLERE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: EKİNCİ Hasan , ÇAVDAR Mahmut , EKİNCİ Şevin , REŞİTOĞLU ÇAVDAR Hatice
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilkokul öğretmenlerinin özel öğrenme güçlüğü çeken öğrencilere yönelik tutumlarını ve bu tutumları etkileyen faktörleri belirleyebilmektir. Araştırma 130 ilkokul öğretmeninin katılımıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veri toplamada araç olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan ve uzman görüşü de alınarak sınıf öğretmenlerinin demografik bilgilerini edinmeye yönelik kapalı uçlu sorulardan oluşan “Öğretmen Bilgi Formu” ve “Anket Formu” ile açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan “Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, sınıf mevcutlarının, öğretmen yeterliliğinin, özel öğrenme güçlüğü çeken öğrencilerin eğitimi sürecindeki tüm ilgililerin desteğinin ve bu eğitimin normal ve özel öğrenme güçlüğü çeken öğrencilere yararının, sınıf öğretmeninin iş yükünü hafiflettiği ve motivasyonunu arttırdığı aynı zamanda tutumunu olumlu olarak etkilediği saptanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, öğrencilerin yetersizlik türleri sınıf öğretmenlerinin özel öğrenme güçlüğü çeken öğrencilerin eğitimine yönelik tutumlarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Ayrıca, konu hakkında bilgi sahibi olan ilkokul öğretmenlerinin, bilgisi olmayanlara göre, özel öğrenme güçlüğü çeken öğrencilere karşı tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu saptanmıştır. Özel öğrenme güçlüğü çeken öğrencilerin eğitimi için uygun eğitim ortamları yaratmak ve sınıf öğretmenlerine bu süreçte yalnız olmadıklarını düşündürecek destek hizmetleri sağlamak uygulamadaki başarıyı arttıracaktır.
Anatomical Variations of Vermiform Appendix on Plain MDCT and Its Association with Acute Appendicitis in Adult Urban Population of Karachi, A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience
Authors: Faisal Lubna , Ajmal Rizwan , Rehman Fatima , Islam Zia ul , Qayyum Sadia Abdul , Athar Saima
Published: April 2022

Objective: To evaluate the anatomical positions of vermiform appendix and its association with acute appendicitis on Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Study design and setting: A cross sectional study based on hospital database was carried out in Department of Anatomy in collaboration with Department of Radiology, Liaquat National Hospital. Methodology: A total of three hundred and six 306 adult urban patients CT axial images were evaluated retrospectively over period of 6 months from March 2021 to August 2021 who had abdominal MDCT scan for acute abdomen after getting approval from ethical committee to find out anatomical variations of position of vermiform appendix in a tertiary care hospital among adult urban Karachi population and its association with appendicitis. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. All categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Result: In present study 159(52%) were males and 147(48%) were females with mean age of 32.97 years. The subcecal anatomical position of vermiform appendix on MDCT was most common n=85(27.8%), followed by postileal n=78(25.5%), pelvic n=61(19.9%), postcecal n= 36(11.8%), preileal n=29(9.5%), ectopic n=17(5.6%). The association between appendicitis with anatomical position of vermiform appendix and age was analyzed by chi- square and was statistically significant (p =0.05). There was no significant association between position of vermiform appendix on MDCT and gender. Conclusion: The subcecal position of vermiform appendix is most common on MDCT and the postileal position was more frequent in the inflamed group of vermiform appendix
Stigma and Guilt among Transgender Women- Moderating Role of Coping Strategies
Authors: Raza Hina , Jabeen Dr Shaista
Published: April 2022

Transgender people go through negative experiences from multiple aspects. As their needs are unrecognized, hence not fulfilled. Consequently, they do not enjoy social inclusiveness. A correlational research design was used to investigate the relationship between stigma and guilt, transgender women (Trans women) experience in Pakistan. It examines the moderator role of coping strategies they use. The sample consisted of 155­ Trans women within a18 to 65 years recruited through purposive sampling. Urdu versions of three scales, including Transgender Identity Stigma Scale (TISS), State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS), and The Brief COPE Inventory, were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Hierarchical Regression Analysis (HRA) was used to test the moderator effect of four types of coping strategies in relation to stigma and guilt among transgender women. The coping strategies assessed by The Brief COPE Inventory included Active Avoidance Coping, Problem Focused Coping, Positive Coping and Denial/Religion Coping Strategies. Results indicated that stigma and guilt were significantly and positively related. Amongst four coping strategies, only positive coping strategies played a partial moderating role in the relationship of stigma and guilt among Transgender women (R2 = .16). The need to understand the experiences of transgender women and the importance of actions to deal with this phenomenon have been highlighted. Findings of the research carry implications of using positive coping strategies in other stressful situations. Further, early identification of transgender specific needs and the role of supportive care services have been discussed.
Factores influyentes en la mejora escolar. Un estudio de casos en las escuelas Freinet
Authors: Ortega-Rodríguez Pablo Javier , Pozuelos Estrada Francisco José
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN. La investigación ha demostrado que el liderazgo distribuido, la cultura colaborativa, la innovación educativa y la evaluación formativa son factores esenciales para impulsar procesos de mejora en los centros educativos. Por ello, esta investigación pretende describir y comprender de qué forma influyen los factores asociados a la mejora escolar en el aprendizaje del alumnado y el desarrollo profesional del profesorado. MÉTODO. Dada la naturaleza cualitativa de la investigación, se opta por un estudio de casos descriptivo-interpretativo en el que se analizan en profundidad cuatro escuelas Freinet de Lieja (Bélgica), que desarrollaron un proceso de mejora escolar de abajo-arriba para formar una red de centros. Los datos se recogieron mediante entrevistas en profundidad, análisis de documentos, observaciones participantes y no participantes de las prácticas docentes. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que los cuatro factores han influido en el diseño de un Proyecto Educativo común a la red de escuelas, la implantación de seminarios de formación personalizada en los centros, la disminución de las ratios y la integración de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. DISCUSIÓN. La investigación sobre el proceso de mejora de abajo-arriba resulta fundamental para profundizar en el conocimiento sobre la formación de redes escolares.
Rendimiento académico percibido en función de la ocupación laboral de los padres
Authors: Belmonte Mª Luisa , Álvarez José Santiago , Hernández-Prados Mª Ángeles
Published: April 2022

La familia constituye un núcleo esencial de la praxis escolar, debido a su papel protagonista en el desarrollo integral de las personas desde su nacimiento hasta edades bien avanzadas. De ahí que se hayan contemplado diversas variables de índole familiar como indicadores del rendimiento escolar, pero una de las menos estudiadas es la actividad laboral. Este estudio cuantitativo de diseño no experimental se plantea como objetivo principal: analizar la relación entre la ocupación laboral del padre y de la madre y la percepción que mantienen del rendimiento escolar de los hijos, en una muestra de 407 familias españolas cuyos hijos se encuentran matriculados en el segundo tramo de Educación Primaria de 6 escuelas (4 públicas y 2 privadas-concertadas). Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante un cuestionario ad hoc con propiedades psicométricas óptimas, en el que el rendimiento escolar se define en base al nivel de satisfacción, ambiente de estudio, trabajo y esfuerzo, evaluación del boletín de notas, expectativas, motivación académica y una valoración general del rendimiento del hijo. En general, los hallazgos obtenidos confirman que la ocupación laboral tanto del padre como de la madre, inciden significativamente en la percepción que mantienen sobre el rendimiento académico de sus hijos. En base a los resultados, se concluye la necesidad de profundizar en la relación entre el contexto familiar y el rendimiento académico desde perspectivas amplias e innovadoras de ambas variables.
The Effect of Childhood Stress on Telomeres (A Literature Review)
Authors:   Al-Motaqadimah Schools for Smart Learning, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Algazlan Alhanof S
Published: April 2022

Telomeres are DNA repeat structures that are bound by protein and found at the chromosomal end, they regulate the ability of cells to replicate, prevent fusion of chromosomes from forming together and prevent genetic data leakage. Although telomere shortening takes place naturally as one ages, several research studies suggest that there is a correspondence between physiological environment and length changes of telomeres. This study highlights on how childhood stress such as maternal depression, low economic status, violence, and family disruption impact the length of telomeres. Studies by the National Institute of Health confirm that exposure to childhood stress accelerates the shortening of telomeres. Additionally, this review assesses how each type of childhood stress at different developmental stages alters telomeres' length. To further understand how these factors affect telomere length, mechanisms contributing to telomere shortening have also been discussed.
Empowering Mind Mapping Strategy To Improve Students’ Writing Skills In The EFL Classroom
Authors:   University of Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Mantra Ida Bagus Nyoman , Handayani Nengah Dwi ,   University of Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Widiastuti Ida Ayu Made Sri ,   University of Mahasaraswati Denpasar
Published: April 2022

Writing is one of the important language skills to communicate in written forms. Therefore, the improvement of writing skills is absolutely essential to be continually carried out. This study aims at developing writing skills by implementing a mind mapping strategy in the EFL classroom. There two cyclic learning sessions comprising planning, action, observation, and reflection were conducted in this study. The data were collected through administering pre-test, post-test, and questionnaires to the students who participated in this study. Based on the results of data analysis, this study revealed that students’ writing skills could be improved through implementing a mind mapping strategy. Therefore, this study implies that teachers should consider using mind mapping in teaching writing
Awareness and Expectations of Telerehabilitation among Physiotherapists of Ahmedabad
Authors: H. Shah Bhavya , Thakrar Gira N.
Published: April 2022

Background: Telerehabilitation is the delivery of rehabilitation services via information and communication technologies to the patients. Some of these services include therapeutic interventions, remote monitoring of progress, consultation, training and a means of networking for People with Disabilities. The impact ranges from patients easy access to specialist facilitation of care and low cost to clinician entered benefits. Information technology knowledge and utilization seems to be less explored in health sector. This study was aimed to assess the awareness and expectations of telerehabilitation among physiotherapists
Purpose: In next generation of any profession or discipline uptake of telerehabilitation can be enhanced when they have positive attitude towards its utilization. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the awareness and expectations of telerehabilitation among the physiotherapists
Methodology: A survey was done utilizing originally developed questionnaire focused on telemedicine services, mostly rehabilitation with the prior permission of the author. The respondents where the UG & PG students, clinicians, academicians.
Results: 95.42% physiotherapists think telerehabilitation refers to use of information and communication technologies to provide rehabilitation services to people remotely in their home or other environment. 89.54% think telerehabilitation services include therapeutic intervention, remote monitoring of progress, consultation, training and a means of networking for people with disabilities. 83.78% think telerehabilitation enables clinicians to remotely engage & deliver patient care outside of medical setting, thus eliminating the issue of distance between clinician and patient.
Conclusion: The academicians, clinical therapist and the students are having good awareness about telerehabilitation. Knowledge of Telerehabilitation is more profound in clinicians as well as academicians but comparatively less in the students.

Keywords: Tele-rehabilitation, knowledge, awareness, healthcare, remote rehabilitation assistance.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Penghayatan Etika Profesi Guru Terhadap Kinerja Guru Dalam Mewujudkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (Studi Kasus di SD, SD.IT Se Kecamatan Cibiuk Dan Leuwigoong Kabupaten Garut).
Authors: Sahroni Deni
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis motivasi kerja dan penghayatan etika profesi  guru  terhadap kinerja guru dalam mewujudkan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam.. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis dengan teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket, wawancara, observasi dan studi dukumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian ini adalah statistik dengan model analisis jalur (path analysis). Adapun populasi dan sekaligus menjadi renponden dalam penelitian ini adalah guru PAI Se-Kecamatan Cibiuk dan Leuwigoong sebanyak 102 orang, karena tidak dilakukan pengambilan sampel.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi kerja dan penghayatan etika profesi guru berpengaruh secara positif  dan  signifikan  terhadap  kinerja  guru dalam mewujudkan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa motivasi kerja dan penghayatan etika profesi guru dapat terwujud dengan melaksanakan kinerja guru demi mewujudkan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam yang optimal.
Serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella serovars from children diagnosed of typhoid fever in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Dauphin Dighitoghi Moro  , Igbagbo Ehinmore  , Oluchi Mariam Ukhureigbe  , Jyostna Chandwani  , Kabiru Olusegun Akinyemi
Published: April 2022

Typhoid fever is a major health problem in developing countries especially in Nigeria where this infectious disease is endemic, with more concern in children. This prospective study was conducted in 3 Primary Health Centres on children diagnosed clinically of typhoid fever between January, 2017 and December, 2019. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of Salmonella serovars and antibiotic susceptibility pattern from faecal specimens of children diagnosed clinically based on symptoms of typhoid fever, while demographic information was recovered from their case notes and their mothers. The children were randomly selected having obtained informed consent from their mothers. Four hundred and twenty (420) stool specimens of children aged between 6 months and five years were cultured and serotyped using standard microbiological procedures for isolation and characterization of Salmonella and other enteric bacterial pathogens. The bacteria were isolated by using cultural methods on selective media using a series of biochemical tests and confirmed by using Microgen identification kits and API20E. Serological tests were carried out on suspected Salmonella and Vibrio isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial isolates was determined by using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Bacteriological analysis of the faecal specimens revealed a total of 381 bacterial isolates, among which were 180 (42.9%) Salmonellae. Salmonella enteritidis was the most frequently isolated serovar, 84 (22%), followed by S. typhi, 56 (14.7%), S. paratyphi A, 30(7.9%), and S. typhimurium 10 (2.6%). Other bacteria recovered from the children included Shigella dysenteriae, 64 (16.8), Proteus mirabilis, 60(15.8%), Klebsiella oxytoca, 15(3.9%), Klebsiella ozaenae, 12( 3.2%) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 10(2.6%) shows that the Salmonellae and other enteric bacteria showed sensitivity ranging from 70-96% for ampicillin, ciprofloxacin (83.3%-96.4%), gentamicin (56-97.5%), sparfloxacin (83.3-100%), ceftriaxone (83.3-96%) and cefuroxime (80-94%). They were however highly resistant to ampiclox, amoxicillin, and septrin which are over-the-counter drugs. The high incidence of multidrug resistance among Salmonellae and corresponding multidrug resistance among other enteric bacteria, thus posing problems of treatment failures are of great public health significance in a developing country like Nigeria.
Antibacterial Sensitivity Test of Generic Ceftriaxone Injection Against Salmonella typhi
Authors: Susanti Emma , Andriani Leony Liza , Rahmah Musyrina
Published: April 2022

Research on antibacterial sensitivity test of several generic ceftriaxone injection preparations against Salmonella typhi  have been conducted. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial sensitivity of several generic ceftriaxone injection preparations against Salmonella typhi using the Agar diffusion method, with 3 samples taken from 3 different manufacturers in hospital S Pekanbaru. The result of inhibition zone diameter obtained by product P is 27,76 mm, product Q is 28,83 mm, and the product R is 29,96 mm. Positive control and negative control used ceftriaxone disc 30 µg the inhibition zone diameter was obtained 18,1 mm and the disc paper was dripped with sterile aquadest. This is because the amount of ceftriaxone injection test substance in the disk is greater than the positive control ceftriaxone level. In the test sample there are 1000 µg/disc while the positive control had 30 µg/disc, it means that the number of Ceftriaxone test substances was 33,3 time greater than the positive control. The test results show that ceftriaxone injection has an inhibitory power with a strong category based on the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (2017), and positive control using ceftriaxone 30 µg disc showed moderate inhibition.