bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Motor Dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto , Izzah Nailul
Published: January 2019

Abstrak
Sepeda motor merupakan alat transportasi yang sangat efektif dan efisien. Peningkatan jumlah produk motor saat ini membuat konsumen memiliki pilihan tersendiri untuk membeli sepeda motor yang tepat dan sesuai dengan keinginan, kebutuhan dan kemampuannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat desain sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan produk motor dengan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Sistem pendukung keputusan ini hanya membandingkan 3 produk motor Honda,Yamaha dan Suzuki. Obyek penelitian di lakukan di wilayah Kabupaten Gresik.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan produk motor dengan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) yang mempermudah pengguna dalam menjalankan sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan produk motor terbaik dan mendukung keputusan pembeli motor dalam memilih motor sesuai dengan kriteria yang di inginkan.
Kata Kunci: Sistem pendukung keputusan, simple additive weighting, pemilihan motor

Abstract
Motorcycle is a very effective and efficient means of transportation. The increasing number of motorcycle products now makes consumers have their own choice to buy the right motorcycle and according to their desires, needs and abilities. The purpose of this study is to create a system design for decision support for motor product selection using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. This decision support system only compares 3 Honda, Yamaha and Suzuki motorcycle products. The object of the research was carried out in the Gresik regency. The results of this study were a decision support system for motorcycle product selection using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method that made it easier for users to run the decision support system for selecting the best motor products and support motorbike buyers' decisions in choosing a motor in accordance with the desired criteria.
COVER DEPAN, DAFTAR ISI, DAN COVER BELAKANG
Authors: COVER BELAKANG COVER DEPAN, DAFTAR ISI,
Published: January 2019

MATEMATIKA DAN PEMBELAJARAN
VOLUME 6, NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2018
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengarsipan Di Polsek Rancaekek
Authors: Permana Rudi , Santoso Kuwat
Published: January 2019

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis, ditemukan beberapa permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam pengarsipan saat ini yaitu kesulitan dalam pencarian surat, terjadinya kehilangan atau kerusakan data, serta sulitnya membuat laporan jika sewaktu-waktu diperlukan. Dilihat dari permasalahan diatas maka dibutuhkan program aplikasi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisa dan merancang sistem informasi pengarsipan ini adalah metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Adapun implementasi dan perancangan yang penulis gunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan Flow Map, Data Flow Diagram, Structure Chart, Diagram E-R, Flow Chart, dan menggunakan bahasa pemograman Visual Studio 2010 serta Microsoft Access 2010 sebagai databasenya. Perancangan sistem informasi pengarsipan ini diharapkan dapat memudahkan Kepala Seksi Umum (Kasium) dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan pengarsipan seperti pencarian data arsip, mengantisipasi terjadinya kerusakan dan kehilangan data, serta memudahkan dalam membuat laporan jika sewaktu-waktu diperlukan.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN HEMODIALISA DITINJAU DARI PERILAKU CARING PERAWAT DI RSUD dr. SOETOMO SURABAYA
Authors: Fadilah Nikmatul , Wijayanti Dyah , Tumini Tumini
Published: January 2019

Patients with chronic renal failure who undergoing hemodialysis decreased vitality, physical and psychological function that caused of decreased quality of life. The effect of caring to patient are improved relations of mutual trust, increase physical healing andsafety, have more energy, lower maintenance costs and create more comfortable feeling. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between caring behaviors with quality of life. This study was analytic cross sectional. The sample was 60 patients in Hemodialysis Unit RSU Dr.Soetomo Surabaya, that was taken by purposive sampling. Independent variable wascaring behaviors, and dependent variable wasquality of life. Data were collected using 25-Caring Dimension Inventory (CDI 25) questionnaire and modifications Kidney Dissease Quality of Life Short Form. Data were analysis using Spearman's Rho test with α 0.05. The results showed that a good caring behavior (48.3%) and excellent (51.7%). The quality of life was moderate (83.3%). Spearman's rho test showed that the caring behavior did not significantly influence the quality of life with p value 0.229. The achievement of good judgment by patients need to be maintained and enhanced so that it will create a positive image of nurses from the public. Quality of life who have reached the moderate level needs to be improved, with a joint effort between the patient, family, and health workers. Improved quality of life, especially physical and psychological dimensions so that the patient will achieve adaptive coping strategies, while supported by families and health workers, especially nurses as part of the environmental and social dimensions of the patient.
PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN MALARIA PADA MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN MAMUJU PROVINSI SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Harpenas Harpenas , Syafar Muh. , Ishak Hasanuddin
Published: January 2019

The aim of the research is to give a description on the prevention and handling of malaria. The research used qualitative method with a phenomenology approach. The informants consisted of 11 native people of Mamuju and Trasnmigrants selected by using snow ball technique.The results of the research reveal that in general community diagnoses malaria based on trias of malaria which tends be treated by themselves. To prevent the bites of mosquitoes at night, the community use mosquitoes nets bought in the markets with their own money. Prevention activities on the occurrence of mosquitoes breeding done by hoarding/drainage for flooded area are generally good but in transmigration area and original area Mamuju they do not run well.
PENYULUHAN GIZI DAN PEMBERIAN TABLET BESI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN SISWI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS NEGERI DI MAMUJU
Authors: Ahmady Ahmady , Hapzah Hapzah , Mariana Dina
Published: January 2019

The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls junior and senior high school in Mamuju is 27%. This study to determine the effect of nutritional counseling and suplementation iron tablets to knowledge and hemoglobin ( Hb ) status of senior high school student in West Sulawesi. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design using non- randomized control group pretest-posttest. Samples of the intervention group were 30 students and a control group of 30 students. Student knowledge was measured using questionnaires and hemoglobin concentration using hemoglobinometer. Analysis using Wilcoxon Test, Paired Sample T-Test and Independent T Test. The results showed the results of this study showed no difference in the increase in knowledge after counseling, while the suplementation of iron tablets contained elevated levels of hemoglobin
POLA ASUH DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Yudianti Yudianti , Saeni Rahmat Haji
Published: January 2019

Stunting is a condition which indicated by chronic growth inhibition and caused by long-term malnutrition. In Tinambung district has 50.9% stunting cases. Stunting in children caused by several factors related among parenting. The objective of this study is to know association parenting consists of feeding practices, hygiene practices and seeking treatment practices in infants. This study was observational case control study with 51 stunting toddlers samples and 51 toddlers normal by systematic random sampling. The independent variables consist of feeding practices, hygiene practices and health seeking practices while the dependent variable is toddler who suffered stunting. Statistical analysis by bivariate with Chi Square test. There is association between feeding practices, personal hygiene practice with incidence of stunting  toddlers. There is no association between seeking treatment practices with of stunting  toddlers
Empathy and Ethics
Authors: Whitehead Anne
Published: January 2019

This chapter outlines a second key context for the resurgence of interest in empathy: the rapid growth of interest in human rights discourses in the early twenty-first century. The first section, ‘Cultivating empathy’, reviews key claims made by human-rights scholars concerning the empathy-building qualities of fiction, before outlining the critical response to such claims and introducing Edith Stein’s phenomenological model of empathy as a promising framework. The second section, ‘Reading humanitarian campaigns’ reads side by side Sara Ahmed and Virginia Woolf to provide a feminist underpinning for an other-directed approach to empathy. The third section, ‘Positioning the empathetic gaze’ reads Susan Sontag alongside Pat Barker to argue that both writers are cognisant, in looking at another’s suffering, of the implication of the gaze in structures of power and privilege. The final section, ‘Empathy and the institution’, focuses on Pat Barker’s Life Class to ask where and when the scene of empathy is situated, and with what effects.
Sasanian Cities: Archaeological Perspectives on the Urban Economy and Built Environment of an Empire
Authors: Simpson St John
Published: January 2019

The Sasanian Empire had many large, multicultural and typically heavily defended cities. Literary sources are filled with direct or indirect references to the deportation or internal transfer of populations from one region to another, and boosting the urban population was clearly an important part of imperial economic planning, but there has been relatively little study of Sasanian urbanism. This chapter provides a timely overview by re-examining the archaeological evidence for the physical appearance and distribution of some of these urban centres, discusses their forms, and uses Google imagery to locate two previously archaeologically unrecorded cities which feature in the Arab conquest and Heraclius’ campaign shortly before. It goes on to use the excavated evidence from three city sites in Iraq, Iran and Turkmenistan to illustrate the physical appearance of residential and/or commercial quarters, and concludes with some observations on the importance of the Sasanian urban economy.
The Sasanian Empire and the East: A Summary of the Evidence and its Implications for Rome
Authors: Ball Warwick
Published: January 2019

Sasanian studies in the past have focused mainly on its western regions, with its well-known remains from Azerbaijan through to Mesopotamia and Fars, and its relationship with the Roman Empire to the west. However, more recent discoveries in the east have emphasised the equal importance of these more neglected regions: the investigations of the Gorgan Wall, new fire temple complexes at Bandiyan and Sarakhs, the Bactrian documents, the Ghulbiyan painting and the rock relief of Shapur at Rag-e Bibi to name just some. This chapter will offer an overview of the Sasanian material evidence, mainly in Afghanistan, as well as the traces of Sasanian influences in art and archaeology further east. We will then attempt to identify the Sasanian presence in the archaeological record in Afghanistan and tie this to some of the documentary and literary evidence. In the light of this evidence it is then possible to reassess the Sasanian Empire, its focus and its attitudes to the west.
A Contested Jurisdiction: Armenia in Late Antiquity
Authors: Greenwood Tim
Published: January 2019

Although Roman and Persian engagement with late antique Armenia has been analysed from several perspectives, its juridical dimension has been largely ignored. This chapter provides a reassessment of the legislation pertaining to Roman Armenia from the reign of Justinian, arguing that it offers a reflection of legal practices operating beyond the newly reorganised Roman provinces, in districts of Armenia under Persian hegemony. It may also attest the seeping of Roman legal culture beyond the formal limits of the jurisdiction. Crucially, the local inheritance practices which the legislation prescribes find analogues in Sasanian jurisprudence. Although not every aspect of Persian legal culture will have been replicated in the districts of Armenia or received in the same way, the rich Armenian literary tradition from late antiquity reveals a proximate legal culture, expressed in terms of concepts employed and processes followed. Three illustrations from Łazar P‘arpets‘i History are examined. Furthermore two later compilations preserve valuable evidence of law in practice. The tenth-century compilation titled History of Ałuank‘ contains a collection of documents deriving from the Council of Partav convened in 705 CE. One of these confirms that land across Caucasian Albania was still being bought and sold at this time, that there was current uncertainty over whether the transfer of a village included the village church and its endowment, and that laymen had been represented as holding clerical status to circumvent this. A specific case is then outlined. The late thirteenth-century History of Siwnik‘ on the other hand contains transcripts of fifty-two documents, and summaries of twelve more, recording property transactions in favour of the bishops of Siwnik‘ and the see of Tat‘ev. It is argued that the earliest of these, dating from the middle of the ninth century, preserve clear vestiges of Sasanian legal culture. Armenian sources have much to tell us about law and legal tradition in Sasanian Persia.
The India Trade in Late Antiquity
Authors: Howard-Johnston James
Published: January 2019

The effects of long-distance maritime trade on the economic and political development of the hinterlands of port-cities are as evident on either side of the Red Sea as in South-East Asia. Both great powers of the west profited from the India trade in the fifth century, but with the deterioration in their relations after the 502-5 war, the Persians imposed an embargo on Roman trade with India, which Justinian tried and failed to break. Hence it was mainly through Persia that the products of the south and the east, including garnets from south India and Sri Lanka, reached Europe. The gold received in tribute from the Romans was probably destined for India. Close attention should be paid to references to trade in contemporary writings by members of elites which were largely indifferent to economic matters. They reveal inter alia the existence of a powerful business lobby in the Sasanian Empire.
Barrymore and the Scene of Acting: Gesture, Speech, and the Repression of Cinematic Performance
Authors: Langford Barry
Published: January 2019

This essay uncovers the nascent modernity of Barrymore’s work in the late silent film The Beloved Rogue. In this film, as this essay shows, Barrymore gives a self-referential screen performance that anticipates the relatively restrained and more colloquial performances in his later sound films, but without the turn to self-parody that would characterize the work near the end of his life.
Hume’s Universalism: The Science of Man and the Anthropological Point of View
Authors: Berry Christopher J.
Published: January 2019

Though it is not his sole motivation, central to Hume’s overall philosophy is his intention to undermine the credibility of superstitious, super-natural accounts of what makes humans and their social life function. The argument of this paper is that attempts to downplay Hume’s universalism and, in virtue of his recognition of diversity, to identify him as subscribing to some form of historicism or relativism, are mistaken or at best fail to apprehend the centrality of his assault on unscientific accounts of human nature.
Adam Smith: Commerce, Liberty and Modernity
Authors: Berry Christopher J.
Published: January 2019

Using Rousseau as a foil, Smith’s coupling of opulence and freedom functions as a vindication of the modern world of commerce. Smith executes this via a historical analysis of the collapse of feudalism, a moral theory that pivots on the process of moralisation as a socialisation together with a political account of the centrality of justice. Despite his awareness of drawbacks in a commercial society, Smith judges that it remains superior to earlier forms of social life.
Adam Smith and the Virtues of a Modern Economy
Authors: Berry Christopher J.
Published: January 2019

Outlines Smith’s argument that how, and why, the moral standards by which ‘economics’ was judged needed to be recalibrated for the modern world of commerce. By labelling this a ‘recalibration’, the implication is that when Smith displaces the dominant view of economic morality he replaces it with another; he does not, contrary to some interpretations by both friend and foe, situate economics in an ethics- free zone.
Introduction
Authors: O'Meara Jennifer
Published: January 2019

This introduction explore the book’s aims of demonstrating the ability of dialogue to engage audiences and bind together the narrative, aesthetic and performative elements of selected independent cinema, from the 1980s until the present day. The chapter justifies the focus on the verbally creative works of Wes Anderson, Noah Baumbach, Hal Hartley, Jim Jarmusch, Richard Linklater and Whit Stillman, while highlighting links between such cinema and that of New Hollywood and the French New Wave. It introduces the concept of ‘cinematic verbalism’ and the related label of ‘cinematic verbalists’, which will be used throughout the book to refer to these writer-directors’ work. Overall, the chapter details how, by focusing on the ways in which dialogue in American independent cinema is designed and executed, we can question the association of dialogue-centred films with the ‘literary’ or ‘un-cinematic’.
Dialogue and Character Construction
Authors: O'Meara Jennifer
Published: January 2019

This chapter examines how speech in American independent cinema can be crucial to individual character construction and to the development of group character dynamics. It considers creative naming practices; the ways in which dialogue is used to individuate a character through a personalised speaking style; how nuanced choices of words and phrasing can influence how we perceive and understand characters; selective and racial silencing; and how idioms can be used to represent a group of characters as part of a particular sub-culture. The chapter demonstrates the various ways in which American indie filmmakers can foreground verbal games and debates as a form of action. It also argues that, in keeping with the tendency for such cinema to capture the mundanity of everyday life, dialogue can also be used to create the illusion that characters exist independent of the film world. The analysis includes a case study of Noah Baumbach’s Mistress America (2015).
Verbal Extremes and Excess
Authors: O'Meara Jennifer
Published: January 2019

This conclusion brings together the book’s key findings in relation to dialogue in selected American independent cinema. It surmises that such speech is often written, performed, recorded and integrated in such ways that audiences construct meaning by joining the dialogue dots, or filling in the dialogue blanks. Individual lines are rarely memorable, yet this is not found to be a weakness of such independent film dialogue. Instead, it is the outcome of speech that is carefully entwined with the films’ various components. The remembering and repetition of specific lines by audioviewers is uncommon in these cases precisely because the language accumulates meaning through its execution in the finished film. Instead, indie dialogue can operates on complex levels that allows for alternative forms of audience pleasure. Overall, such dialogue is found to be characterized by: (1) alternations between verbal efficiency and excess; (2) ‘gaps’ in verbal meaning and (3) the reflexive, exaggerated treatment of mainstream dialogue norms. The book’s conclusion relates such cinematic forms of verbalism back to independent and art cinemas more broadly. It also identifies future research directions.
Property Security and its Limits in Classical Greece
Authors: Mackil Emily
Published: January 2019

Scholars working in the New Institutional Economics take it as axiomatic that economic growth cannot happen without secure property rights. In his magisterial survey of the economy of the Greek cities, Alain Bresson has followed suit in asserting that security of property was a precondition for the development of market exchange, fuelling the growth that the Greek world so evidently experienced over the course of the Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic periods. Yet careful consideration suggests that property in ancient Greece was comparatively insecure. This chapter explores the ways in which individuals could and did lose their property and asks how we are to understand the phenomenon of widespread economic growth in this light.
Double-Vision: Neil Gaiman
Authors: Willems Brian
Published: January 2019

A number of works by Neil Gaiman include incomprehensible elements within a comprehensible story. Such inclusion in sf is here called the Zug effect. This effect appears in Gaiman’s work when diachronic events are represented synchronically. In his novel Anansi Boys (2005), Gaiman calls these events moments of ‘double-vision’. These moments consist of the co-presencing of the changed and the unchanged within a single being at one moment in time. In other words, a world is developed in which both the knowable and unknowable appear together. While change is everywhere around us, in germination, growth and decay, the term ‘double-vision’ indicates the potential of seeing more than one side of a transformation simultaneously, thereby presenting a moment of stasis within change. One of the important consequences of Gaiman’s double-vision is that the movement of change then becomes easier to see.
Animal Death: Paolo Bacigalupi
Authors: Willems Brian
Published: January 2019

Paolo Bacigalupi’s Nebula award-winning novel The Windup Girl (2009) sets up a dialectical situation which it then disrupts. This is important for two reasons. First, dialectic formations are often also assemblages or networks, meaning that their constituent parts are defined by how they interact with each other rather than by the essence which is withdrawn from such interactions. In the previous chapter, symbiosis was seen as a powerful tool for change. However, the way it was described often bordered on a dialectical structure, as did the doubling of double-vision and the contradiction of crisis energy. The Windup Girl offers a different strategy, the short circuit. In brief, this means that one of the terms of a symbiosis disrupts the symbiosis. This disruption takes the form of spatial and temporal tensions, as described above and developed below.
Conclusion: The Ministry of Culture
Authors: England Samuel
Published: January 2019

Considers the book’s findings on medieval literary culture by considering modern re-enactments of the Middle Ages. The conclusion inspects Baathist Iraq under Saddam Hussein, and the medieval nostalgia the Iraqi government ministries tried to promote. The book surveys the political uses for nostalgia, especially statements of longing for a functional, competitive court. From Dante’s anguished praise of past kings to modern military dictatorships’ cultural festivals, the spectacle of medieval performance animates our ideas and institutions.
‘A child of the sun’: Katherine Mansfield, Orientalism and Gurdjieff
Authors: Kimber Gerri
Published: January 2019

Less than two years after KM’s arrival in London in 1908 to pursue her dream of becoming a writer, the enormous Japanese exhibition was held at in London from May to October 1910. It was a concerted and systematic attempt by Japan to explain its traditional society and arts, modern industry and empire to Great Britain, and over 8 million visitors attended. Mansfield took to wearing a kimono at home, read the poems of Yone Noguchi, and Okakura’s The Book of Tea, and talked about visiting Japan. There were Japanese allusions in both her fiction and her personal writing for the rest of her life. In addition, in 1922, Mansfield’s life was transformed by a book entitled Cosmic Anatomy and the Structure of the Ego, whose Eastern mystic philosophy she wholeheartedly embraced, and which drove her to seek a spiritual cure for her diseased body, since physical cures had proved worthless. The final three months of her life were spent at Gurdjieff’s Institute in Fontainebleau, immersed in eastern esoteric teaching.
Near Misses: From Gerhardi to Mansfield (and back), via Anton Chekhov
Authors: Davison Claire
Published: January 2019

This essay explores the rich epistolary exchange between Katherine Mansfield and William Gerhardi, when she was at the height of her career and he was a student and aspiring novelist. It traces the essential intermediary presence of Chekhov in their letters, in terms of his biography, writerly ethics and characteristic voice. A mutual love of Chekhov provides the key to the writers’ fast-developing intimacy, as they model their own lives, literary aspirations and style around his. As the essay suggests, their persistent failure to meet, the thwarted projects they cherish, and the hapless personas they perform – in themselves Chekhovian trademarks – are later reconfigured in Gerhardi’s own fictional worlds and literary criticism, to the extent that his first two novels, ostensibly about the Russian Revolution and the immediately post-revolutionary era in Russia, as well as his essay on Chekhov, can themselves be read as a loving tribute to the first mentors, and the wistful pleasures of never quite meeting them.
Mansfield, Movement and the Ballets Russes
Authors: Nadel Ira
Published: January 2019

Mansfield and the world of the Ballets Russes, is the focus of this discussion of the importance of movement and dance for her writing and life. Incorporating aspects of Russian dance, especially its expressiveness, gesture and experimentation, into her prose becomes an important feature of her writing marked in part by the physical actions of her characters. Balancing the Chekhovian dispassion of her short stories was a vitality located in her incorporation of elements of the Ballets Russes which became, for a period, the intellectual and fashionable centre of London. Part of their originality was collaboration with dancers and choreographers working with set designers and musicians. The Ballets Russes also confirmed her own artistic efforts to unite novelty and tribalism, especially in her New Zealand stories. Her co-editing Rhythm became another venue for her support of the innovative work produced by Diaghilev, choreographed by Massine, costumed by Léon Bakst and highlighted by sets designed by Cocteau and Picasso. Sharing the impact of the Ballets Russes with high profile admirers, Mansfield applied their originality to her own efforts recognising that their overall impact was not technique alone but the expression of technique into idea as the Times wrote in June 1911.
A Note on Some Unidentified Sources in Mansfield’s Reading from 1907
Authors: Whiteley Giles
Published: January 2019

This article examines a number of unattributed quotations taken from Katherine Mansfield’s journals of 1907, documenting her previously unknown reading of the works of three popular Edwardian novelists: Anthony Hope Hawkins, Henry Seton Merriman and Horace Annesley Vachell.
Pilgrimage and Epiphany: The Psychological and Political Dynamics of Margaret Fuller’s Mythmaking
Authors: Steele Jeffrey
Published: January 2019

This essay opens up Margaret Fuller’s deep interest in, and wide acquaintance with, classical and other ancient mythologies, a sorely neglected subject. Fuller emerges as someone who tried to find comfort and solace in ancient myths, often identifying with female figures in them. Throughout, issues of what today we call feminism surface, not only in political and social contexts but also in that of the inner life of the psyche. Her use of ancient myths and creation of new, original myths sharply contrasts with Ralph Waldo Emerson, who did not understand her deep need to apply this aspect of Greco-Roman religion to a personal and professional situation.
The Tenant Right Agitation of 1849–50: Crisis and Confrontation on the Londonderry Estates in County Down
Authors: Casement Anne
Published: January 2019

The numerous sales of landed property which took place under the aegis of Ireland’s Encumbered Estates Court are testimony to the critical blow dealt to the finances of Irish estates by the repeated failure of the potato crop in the 1840s. On the Londonderry estates in County Down, however, the critical moment did not occur until late 1850, and was brought about primarily by the activities of the Tenant League and not the fungus Phytophthora infestans. This chapter discusses the resulting management crisis, unparalleled in the career of an agent of twenty-two years standing, which was not amenable to solution by conventional methods.
‘Castle government’: The Psychologies of Land Management in Northern Scotland, c. 1830–90
Authors: Tindley Annie
Published: January 2019

By 1861, the Sutherland estates were the largest landed estates in western Europe. Covering over one million acres in the county of Sutherland and bolstered by a private family fortune, the Sutherland estates and the ducal family that owned them were one of the great patrician establishments of Victorian Britain. They were, however, haunted by their reputation as clearance landlords, a reputation that intruded on their rarefied London existence, and more pressingly, on relations between them, their estate managers and the crofting and cottar population in the north of Scotland. This essay explores a number of key themes in relation to the drivers and philosophies of estate ownership and management in post-clearance Sutherland.
“The False Appearance of Totality is Extinguished”: Orson Welles'sThe Trialand Benjamin's Allegorical Image
Authors: Koch Julian
Published: January 2019

This article seeks to renegotiate Walter Benjamin's conception of allegory as an image that is a “fragment [… in which] the false appearance of totality is extinguished” ( 1998 , p. 176) in the context of Welles's The Trial. According to Benjamin, the allegorical image embodies its own limitations, displaying where its visuality falters. This article lifts Benjamin's notion of the allegorical image from its specific German Baroque discursive context and superimposes it onto the moving images of Welles's film. Welles's images in The Trial seem to perennially question their ability to meaningfully capture or represent the nature of the law. The faltering of the image is also apparent in Welles's use of cinematography, when offscreen space irrupts into Welles's images in unforeseeable ways, suggesting the powerlessness of the image over what is imposed upon it. In their displaying an absence of representation, Welles's images seem allegorical in Benjamin's sense.
Challenges of Fully-Coupled High-Fidelity Ditching Simulations
Authors: Müller Maximilian , Woidt Malte , Haupt Matthias , Horst Peter
Published: January 2019

An important element of the process of aircraft certification is the demonstration of the crashworthiness of the structure in the event of an emergency landing on water, also referred to as ditching. Novel numerical simulation methods, that incorporate the interaction between fluid and structure, open up a promising way to model ditching in full scale. This study focuses on two main issues of high-fidelity ditching simulations: the development of a suitable fluid-structure coupling framework and the generation of the structural model of the aircraft. The first issue is addressed by implementing a partitioned coupling approach, which combines a finite volume hydrodynamic fluid solver as well as a finite element structural solver. The developed framework is validated by means of two ditching-like experiments, which consider the drop test of a rigid cylinder and a deformable cylindrical shell. The results of the validation studies indicate that an alternative to the standard Dirichlet-Neumann partitioning approach is needed if a strong added-mass effect is present. For the full-scale simulation of aircraft ditching, structural models become more complex and have to account for damage. Due to its high localization, the damage creates large differences in model scale and usually entails severe non-linearities in the model. To address the issue of increasing computational effort for such models, the process of developing a multi-scale model for the simulation of the failure of fuselage frames is presented.
Signals Getting Crossed in the Entanglement of Redox and Phosphorylation Pathways: Phosphorylation of Peroxiredoxin Proteins Sparks Cell Signaling
Authors: Skoko John J. , Attaran Shireen , Neumann Carola A.
Published: January 2019

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have cell signaling properties and are involved in a multitude of processes beyond redox homeostasis. The peroxiredoxin (Prdx) proteins are highly sensitive intracellular peroxidases that can coordinate cell signaling via direct reactive species scavenging or by acting as a redox sensor that enables control of binding partner activity. Oxidation of the peroxidatic cysteine residue of Prdx proteins are the classical post-translational modification that has been recognized to modulate downstream signaling cascades, but increasing evidence supports that dynamic changes to phosphorylation of Prdx proteins is also an important determinant in redox signaling. Phosphorylation of Prdx proteins affects three-dimensional structure and function to coordinate cell proliferation, wound healing, cell fate and lipid signaling. The advent of large proteomic datasets has shown that there are many opportunities to understand further how phosphorylation of Prdx proteins fit into intracellular signaling cascades in normal or malignant cells and that more research is necessary. This review summarizes the Prdx family of proteins and details how post-translational modification by kinases and phosphatases controls intracellular signaling.
Capture Cross Sections and Radiative Emission-Line Strengths for Slow Ne8+ Collisions with He and H2
Authors: Leung Anthony , Kirchner Tom
Published: January 2019

The Ne8+–He and –H2 collision systems are examined at impact speeds ranging between 0.17 and 0.4 a.u. Transition probabilities for electron capture are obtained using the two-center basis generator method performed within the independent-electron model. The aim of calculating capture cross sections for these collision systems is to provide new theoretical verification of previously reported experimental data and to provide aid for astrophysical X-ray studies. This study also examines the applicability of the independent-electron model with effective potentials to describe two-electron capture for these two systems. Comparisons of capture cross sections and radiative-emission counts with the available experimental and theoretical data show an overall good agreement.
Comment on Khanal et al. The Repertoire of Adenovirus in Human Disease: The Innocuous to the Deadly. Biomedicines 2018, 6, 30
Authors: Atkinson Richard
Published: January 2019

In their comprehensive review on adenoviruses, Khanal et al. omitted obesity as a disease caused by adenovirus 36 (Adv36). Animal studies have shown that experimental infection with Adv36 causes increased adiposity, and human association studies have shown that prior infection with Adv36 is correlated with greater body weight in humans in multiple countries of the world.
Influence of Bias Correction Methods on Simulated Köppen−Geiger Climate Zones in Europe
Authors: Szabó-Takács Beáta , Farda Aleš , Skalák Petr , Meitner Jan
Published: January 2019

Our goal was to investigate the influence of bias correction methods on climate simulations over the European domain. We calculated the Köppen−Geiger climate classification using five individual regional climate models (RCM) of the ENSEMBLES project in the European domain during the period 1961−1990. The simulated precipitation and temperature data were corrected using the European daily high-resolution gridded dataset (E-OBS) observed data by five methods: (i) the empirical quantile mapping of precipitation and temperature, (ii) the quantile mapping of precipitation and temperature based on gamma and Generalized Pareto Distribution of precipitation, (iii) local intensity scaling, (iv) the power transformation of precipitation and (v) the variance scaling of temperature bias corrections. The individual bias correction methods had a significant effect on the climate classification, but the degree of this effect varied among the RCMs. Our results on the performance of bias correction differ from previous results described in the literature where these corrections were implemented over river catchments. We conclude that the effect of bias correction may depend on the region of model domain. These results suggest that distribution free bias correction approaches are the most suitable for large domain sizes such as the pan-European domain.
Climate Change and Extreme Weather Drive the Declines of Saline Lakes: A Showcase of the Great Salt Lake
Authors: Meng Qingmin
Published: January 2019

A viewpoint of a temporal trend with an extremely changing point analysis is proposed to analyze and characterize the so-called current declines of the world’s saline lakes. A temporal trend of a hydrological or climate variable is statistically tested by regressing it against time; if the regression is statistically significant, an ascending or declining trend exists. The extremely changing points can be found out by using the mean of a variable, adding or subtracting two times of its standard deviation (SD) for extremely high values and extremely low values, respectively. Applying the temporal trend method to the Great Salt Lake’s (GSL) relationship between its surface levels and precipitation/temperature in the last century, we conclude that climate changes, especially local warming and extreme weather including both precipitation and temperature, drive the dynamics (increases and declines) of the GSL surface levels.
Dynamic Load Balancing Techniques for Particulate Flow Simulations
Authors: Rettinger Christoph , Rüde Ulrich
Published: January 2019

Parallel multiphysics simulations often suffer from load imbalances originating from the applied coupling of algorithms with spatially and temporally varying workloads. It is, thus, desirable to minimize these imbalances to reduce the time to solution and to better utilize the available hardware resources. Taking particulate flows as an illustrating example application, we present and evaluate load balancing techniques that tackle this challenging task. This involves a load estimation step in which the currently generated workload is predicted. We describe in detail how such a workload estimator can be developed. In a second step, load distribution strategies like space-filling curves or graph partitioning are applied to dynamically distribute the load among the available processes. To compare and analyze their performance, we employ these techniques to a benchmark scenario and observe a reduction of the load imbalances by almost a factor of four. This results in a decrease of the overall runtime by 14% for space-filling curves.
Gaussian Mixture and Kernel Density-Based Hybrid Model for Volatility Behavior Extraction From Public Financial Data
Authors: Tigani Smail , Chaibi Hasna , Saadane Rachid
Published: January 2019

This paper carried out a hybrid clustering model for foreign exchange market volatility clustering. The proposed model is built using a Gaussian Mixture Model and the inference is done using an Expectation Maximization algorithm. A mono-dimensional kernel density estimator is used in order to build a probability density based on all historical observations. That allows us to evaluate the behavior’s probability of each symbol of interest. The computation result shows that the approach is able to pinpoint risky and safe hours to trade a given currency pair.
Computational Study of the Interaction of a PEGylated Hyperbranched Polymer/Doxorubicin Complex with a Bilipid Membrane
Authors: Arsenidis Prodromos , Karatasos Kostas
Published: January 2019

Fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations are employed to study in detail the interactions between a complex comprised by a PEGylated hyperbranched polyester (HBP) and doxorubicin molecules, with a model dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol membrane in an aqueous environment. The effects of the presence of the lipid membrane in the drug molecules’ spatial arrangement were examined in detail and the nature of their interaction with the latter were discussed and quantified where possible. It was found that a partial migration of the drug molecules towards the membrane’s surface takes place, driven either by hydrogen-bonding (for the protonated drugs) or by hydrophobic interactions (for the neutral drug molecules). The clustering behavior of the drug molecules appeared to be enhanced in the presence of the membrane, while the development of a charge excess close to the surface of the hyperbranched polymer and of the lipid membrane was observed. The uneven charge distribution created an effective overcharging of the HBP/drug complex and the membrane/drug surface. The translational motion of the drug molecules was found to be strongly affected by the presence of the membrane. The extent of the observed changes depended on the charge of the drug molecule. The build-up of the observed charge excesses close to the surface of the polymeric host and the membrane, together with the changes in the diffusional behavior of the drug molecules are of particular interest. Both phenomena could be important at the latest stages of the liposomal disruption and the release of the drug cargo in formulations based on relevant liposomal carriers.
Development of a Polymer-Mediated Soybean Nanocomposite by Hot Melt Extrusion to Improve Its Functionality and Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Azad Md Obyedul Kalam , Kim Won Woo , Jin Cheng Wu , Kang Wie Soo , Park Cheol Ho , Cho Dong Ha
Published: January 2019

The poor bioaccessibility of the phenolic compounds of soybeans is a key challenge to developing functional food products. Therefore, a novel hydrophilic food-grade hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) polymer was added to soybean to prepare a soybean food composite (SFC), in order to improve the soybean’s functionality. The SFC was prepared with soybean (95%) plus HPMC (5%) (w/w) mixes (HSE), as well as 100% soybean extrudate (SE), at 80 °C and 130 °C by a hot melt extrusion (HME) process. A non-extrudate 100% soybean material was considered as a control. It is observed that water solubility was significantly increased (35.18%), and particle size reached to nano-size (171.5 nm) in HSE at 130 °C compared to the control (7.14% and 1166 nm, respectively). The total phenolic, flavonoid, and single isoflavones content, including daidzin, daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and genistin was significantly increased in HSE at 130 °C compared to the control. The antioxidant properties were also significantly increased in HSE at 130 °C compared to the control, measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1 picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), a ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and the phosphomolybdenum method (PPMD). Finally, it is concluded that the HPMC polymer could be used as a novel excipient to develop nanocomposite via HME, in order to improve the functionality of soybean food products.
The Quality of Life among Men Receiving Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: An Integrative Review
Authors: Dickey Sabrina L. , Grayson Ciara J.
Published: January 2019

Prostate cancer is very common among men in the United States. The current literature on active surveillance (AS) suggests that it is a promising treatment option for men with low-risk prostate cancer. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a thorough integrative review regarding the effects of AS on the quality of life (QoL) of men with prostate cancer. Utilizing a methodological strategy, electronic databases were reviewed for empirical articles during the time frame of January 2006 to December 2016. A total of 37 articles met the inclusion criteria wherein 20 focused on the QoL among men only receiving AS and 16 reported QoL among men undergoing AS and other forms of treatment for prostate cancer. The review highlights the purpose, common instruments, race and ethnicity, and strengths and limitations of each article. The majority of articles indicated low levels of anxiety and depression and decreased incidences of bladder, bowel and sexual functioning among men undergoing AS in comparison to men who received other treatment modalities. The results indicated that additional research is needed to determine the QoL among men receiving AS on a longitudinal basis. The results support previous literature that indicated the positive impact of AS on low-risk prostate cancer.
Economic and Societal Impacts on Cultural Heritage Sites, Resulting from Natural Effects and Climate Change
Authors: Alexandrakis George , Manasakis Constantine , Kampanis Nikolaos A.
Published: January 2019

The demand for a new concept of heritage, in which monuments and landscapes are considered active factors in creating a sense of history, is esteemed not only from a scientific and academic perspective, but as well as part of a more sensitive and efficient strategy to link cultural heritage and tourism, by bringing an integrative perspective to the forefront. Implementing such strategies is strictly correlated with the ability to support decision-makers and to increase people’s awareness towards a more comprehensive approach to heritage preservation. In the present work, a robust socioeconomic impact model is presented. Moreover, this work attempts to create an initial link between the economic impacts and natural hazards induced by the changes in the climatic conditions that cultural heritage sites face. The model’s novel socioeconomic impact analysis is the direct and indirect revenues related to the tourism use of a site, on which local economies are strongly correlated. The analysis indicated that cultural heritage sites provide a range of both market and non-market benefits to society. These benefits provide opportunities for policy interventions for the conservation of the cultural heritage sites and their promotion, but also to their protection against the impacts of climate change and natural disasters.