bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Safety of Immunosuppressive Drug Therapy for Neuromyelitis
Optica Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Meta-Analyses and
Systematic Reviews
Authors: Luo Yuan , Deng Yuqian , Ran Haiye , Yu Lei , Ma Caili , Zhao Liping , Li Yunchen
Published: September 2022

Objective:

This study aims to provide an overview of meta-analyses and systematic reviews
on the effectiveness and safety of immunosuppressive drug therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum
disorders (NMOSD) by evaluating the methodological quality and reporting quality of reviews.

Methods:

The Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, China Science and
Technology Journal Database, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases
were searched to collect systematic reviews or meta-analyses on the effectiveness and safety of immunosuppressive
therapy for NMOSD from inception to December 2, 2021. Two researchers independently
screened reviews and extracted data. Any differences in the procession of review assessment
between the two researchers were re-evaluated, and the disagreement was resolved by discussion
with other researchers. The following data were extracted: author, year of publication, the country
where the study was conducted, study type, the number of included studies, sample size, risk bias
tools, medication of immunosuppressive therapy, and main outcomes. Then, the AMSTAR-2, which is
a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews (2nd edition), and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment,
Development and Evaluation (GRADE) were used to evaluate the methodological quality and
reporting quality of evidence. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the outcomes for all included
reviews.

Results:

A total of 15 reviews were included. Of the included reviews, 3 were systematic reviews, 7
were meta-analyses, and 5 were systematic reviews and meta-analyses. According to the AMSTAR-2
criteria, 6 studies had high quality, 1 study had moderate quality, 4 studies had low quality, and 4 studies
had critically low quality. Based on the GRADE, neither evidence quality for effectiveness nor
safety was high.

Conclusions:

Immunosuppressive drug therapy is effective for patients with NMOSD, but its safety is
controversial. Due to the poor quality of evidence, reliability needs to be considered. Thus, large sample,
multi-center, double-blind, randomized controlled studies are still needed in the future.
One Pot Synthesis of Benzothiazole Derivatives by Nano Silica-based
Complex in an Aqueous Medium
Authors: Dehkharghani Rahebeh Amiri , Yari Hassan , Bardajee Ghasem Rezanejade , Akbarzadeh Torbati Niloufar
Published: September 2022

We Successfully synthesized novel silica-supported Ni (II)-PLP-ONNO Schiff base/SBA-15 complex, as a mesoporous catalyst, whose characterization was determined using X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms (BET-EDX) and (BET-BJH), and thermo-gravimetric analysis. As a fabricated catalyst was employed, for facile and efficient, one-pot production of various benzothiazole heterocycles by cyclocondensation reactions of 2-amionthiophenol and benzaldehyde compounds under green and mild conditions with good to excellent yields. The prepared nano catalyst can offer high stability, excellent activity, easy separation, and reusability, as well environmentally friendly, compared to its homogeneous compounds.
Vilsmeier-Haack Cyclisation as a Facile Synthetic Route to Thieno [2,3- b]
Quinolines (Part I)
Authors: Abu-Hashem Ameen A. , Gouda Moustafa A. , Abdelgawad Ahmed A.M.
Published: September 2022

Quinoline ring system is extensively dispensed in natural products, especially in alkaloids.
Moreover, thieno[2,3-b]quinolines have vast biological activities, including urea transporter inhibition,
anti-microbial, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative EGFR tyrosine
kinase inhibition. Vilsmeier-Haack is considered the most facile and promising set of synthetic routes,
leading to 2-chloro-3-formylquinolines through Vilsmeier-Haack cyclisation of N- arylacetamides,
which are subsequently used as key intermediates for the synthesis of thieno[2,3-b]quinolones
(Tqs). Many varieties of thieno[2,3-b]quinolines (Tqs) ring systems, specifically concerning medicinal
chemistry, have been developed over the past decade. In light of these facts, this review presents a
systematic and comprehensive survey of the method of preparation and the chemical reactivity of
thieno[2,3-b]quinolines through the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction. In this study, the methods of preparation
and the chemical reactivity of (Tqs) by using the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction are discussed. Since
the beginning of the 21st century, they have been advancing towards synthesizing substituted Tqs. It
can be concluded that substituted Tqs can be used as building blocks for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized
heterocyclic compounds with pharmacological interest.
Ligand-based Pharmacophore Modeling, Molecular Docking and Simulation
Studies for the Exploration of Natural Potent Antiangiogenic Inhibitors
Targeting Heat Shock Protein 90
Authors: Akhtar Salman , Sharma Neha , Sharma Mala , Faisal Mohammad , Alatar Abdulrahman A. , Kumar Rajnish , Ahmad Saheem
Published: September 2022

Background:

HSP90, a critical molecular chaperone, has become a promising molecular target
to be involved in multiple signaling pathways of tumor progression and metastasis.

Objective:

This study intends to find a novel phytolead targeting HSP90.

Methods:

In this scenario, we employed an in silico combinatorial approach incorporating 3D-QSAR,
pharmacophore generation, pharmacokinetics, docking, MD simulation and metabolism studies.

Results:

To find a natural novel compound targeting HSP90, a ligand-based pharmacophore model was
developed, exploiting 17 diversely classified training set molecules with known experimental activity
exhausting the pharmacophore generation (HypoGen algorithm) module of Discovery Studio. The bestdeveloped
hypothesis (Hypo1) was employed against the UNPD database to screen lead compounds targeting
HSP90. Pterodontoside G (Asteraceae family)became a potent compound with the fit value of 8.80
and an estimated activity of 3.28 nM. Pterodontoside G was taken forward for analog design and pharmacokinetics
studies, followed by docking and MD simulation studies. UNPD1 came out to be the best analog
following all pharmacokinetics properties with the highest binding energy in comparison with the
parent compound and the standard drug (Ganetespib). It mapped all the features of Hypo1 with a fit value
of 8.68 and an estimated activity of 4.314 nM, exhibiting greater binding stability inside the active site of
HSP90 causing no conformational changes in the protein-ligand complex during MD analysis.

Conclusion:

The result was further supported by PASS analysis and xenosite reactivity data proposing
UNPD1 to hold potent antiangiogenic potential targeting HSP90.
Anticoccidial Effect of Iberogol and Sulfaclozine on Broilers Experimentally
Infected with Eimeria tenella
Authors: Rassouli Maryam , Khodadi Mohammad , Naeimi Saeideh
Published: September 2022

Background:

Coccidiosis is a common infection among birds that is caused by Eimeria spp. (Protozoa, Phylum Apicomplexa). Eimeria is transmitted fecal-orally and replicated in the intestines. Coccidiosis causes economic losses and increases birds’ susceptibility to other diseases.

Methods:

In this study, the broilers were experimentally infected by Eimeria tenella and then were treated with Sulfaclozine and Iberogol. Birds were randomly divided into 5 groups (21 birds each); I: negative control, II: positive control, III: treated by Iberogol, IV: treated by Sulfaclozine, and V: treated by Iberogol+Sulfaclozine. Twenty-one-day-old chickens were infected by 10000 oocysts/ml/chicken of E. tenella. Treatments were started 1 day after oocyst observation on thirty-day-old chickens. Treatments continued for 3 days, stopped for 2 days, and again continued for the next 2 days.

Results:

The results were compared for OPG (oocyst per gram), AW (average weight), FCR (feed conversion ratio), and mortality rate among different groups. According to statistical analysis, the worst results were for the Iberogol group (III) among other treatment groups (IV, and V), and the most effective treatment was for the Iberogol+Sulfaclozine group (V).

Conclusion:

Complex herbal medications such as Iberogol can have different activities but in coccidiosis the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were more than coccidiocidal effect. Therefore Iberogol increased the efficiency of Sulfaclozine.
Simultaneous Determination of Six Bioactive Components of Astragali
Radix in Rat Plasma Using Triple Quadrupole LC/MS and its Application
to a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Chai Yanlan , Liu Zi , Wang Juan , Wang Jing , Zhang Kaishuo
Published: September 2022

Aims:

In this study, a rapid, sensitive and selective Triple Quadrupole LC/MS method was developed to determine Calycosin-7-glucoside, Formononetin, Calycosin, Ononin, Cycloastragenoland Astragaloside IV from the extractive of Astragali Radixin in rat plasma, and it was validated for rat plasma as the matrix and applied for a pharmacokinetic study in rat plasma, while the internal standard was Sulfamethoxazole.

Background:

Besides, a simple, one-step deproteinization procedure was followed to prepare plasma samples, and separation was achieved on an InfinityLab Poroshell 120 column (3.0 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm)with a gradient mobile phase consisting of solution A (water containing 0.1% formic acid) and solution B (methanol) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min.

Objective:

Furthermore, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used with an electrospray ionization source with the Agilent Jet Steam System (AJS-ESI) in the positive mode.

Method:

In this study, a rapid, sensitive and selective Triple Quadrupole LC/MS method was developed to determine Calycosin-7-glucoside, Formononetin, Calycosin, Ononin, Cycloastragenoland Astragaloside IV from the extractive of Astragali Radixin rat plasma, and it was validated for plasma as the matrix and applied for a pharmacokinetic study in rats, while the internal standard was Sulfamethoxazole.

Result:

Furthermore, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used with an electrospray ionization source with the Agilent Jet Steam System (AJS-ESI) in the positive mode.

Conclusion:

Apart from that, a good linear response was observed within all analytes. The pharmacokinetic study on the six analytes in rats after oral administration of Astragali Radix was successfully completed by adopting this method, thusfilling a blank in pharmacokinetic studies of Astragali Radix.
Applications of Chitosan Derivatives as Adjuvant for Nanoparticles Based
Vaccines
Authors: Maanvizhi Saba , Narayanan Ravi Ram
Published: September 2022

Background:

Adjuvants have been used as one of the key components in modern-day vaccines to enhance the immune response or as a drug delivery carrier. Generally, vaccines are administered to protect the host against harmful disease-causing infectious pathogens. The area of vaccine delivery is reaching new heights day by day with the evolution of the strategies and tools used for vaccine development. Currently, the vaccine has created a great impact by saving the lives of enormous human beings.

Methods:

A narrative review of all the relevant papers were conducted across the databases of PubMed and ScienceDirect.

Results:

Based on the various studies performed in various animal models, the Chitosan nanoparticle (CNP) was reported to be a safe and effective adjuvant candidate for a wide range of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines that require a balanced and potent stimulation of both the cellular and humoral responses, due to its natural origin and good biocompatibility, as well as its lack of lethal toxicity to humans and animals.

Conclusion:

There was a tremendous shift in the paradigm of vaccine drug delivery from the use of conventional to novel adjuvants. For the development of a promising vaccine delivery system, adjuvant plays an irreplaceable role but the adjuvants had not been utilized to their full potential because of the limited number of approved adjuvants. Hence the search for novel adjuvants is highly increased. In the list of versatile adjuvants, chitosan derivatives occupy an important place because of their huge benefits. The chitosan derivatives are obtained by the chemical modification of chitosan. The studies performed on various animal models validate the potential use of chitosan as an adjuvant for vaccine delivery.
Dietary Xylitol Supplement Ameliorated AD-related Neuronal Injury by
Regulating Glucose Metabolism Relevant Amino Acids in Mice
Authors: Jin Mengjia , Ji Xintong , Zhu Xiaozheng , Shou Yikai , Ge Zhiwei , Wang Huanhuan
Published: September 2022

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common irreversible degenerative
diseases of the central nervous system. Recent studies have found that patients with AD generally
experience abnormal glucose metabolism. Xylitol is a functional sugar alcohol, which has been reported
to regulate glucose metabolism.

Objective:

The present study was designed to determine whether xylitol can alleviate cognitive impairment
in AD mice.

Methods:

In the current research, 5% xylitol was supplemented in the diet to treat APP/PS1 transgenic
AD mice for 2 months. Cognitive ability was measured by the Morris water maze, and anxiety-like
behaviors were examined by open-field experiment. Hippocampal cellular apoptosis and mitochondria
pathway related apoptotic proteins were tested by TUNEL staining and immunoblotting, respectively. By
LC-MS, plasma levels of glucose metabolism intermediates and related amino acids were evaluated.

Results:

Results showed that xylitol could significantly ameliorate anxiety-like activity in AD mice by
partially regulating expression levels of mitochondrial pathway-related apoptotic proteins. Xylitolregulated
glucose metabolism may play an important role in the process.

Conclusion:

The current study suggests that xylitol may be a potential candidate for improving neuropsychiatric
behavior in AD by regulating the levels of TCA cycle intermediates and related amino acids
in glucose metabolism.
Targeting T Cell Metabolism as a Novel Approach for Treatment of MS:
With a Focus on PFKFB3 Inhibitors
Authors: Vakili Mahsa Eshkevar , Shah Mohammadi Fateme Nezhad , Ataollahi Mohammad Reza , Shams Keivan , Eklund Kari K. , Daryabor Gholamreza , Kalantar Kurosh
Published: September 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the organ-specific autoimmune diseases in which immune cells invade the neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) due to loss of tolerance to self-antigens. Consequently, inflammation and demyelination take place in the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of MS is not completely understood. However, it seems that T cells, especially Th17 cells, have an important role in the disease development. In recent years, studies on manipulation of metabolic pathways with therapeutic targets have received increasing attention and have had promising results in some diseases such as cancers. Glycolysis is a central metabolic pathway and plays an important role in the differentiation of T CD4+ cell toward its subsets, especially the Th17 cells. This suggests that manipulation of glycolysis, by for example using appropriate safe inhibitors of this pathway, can represent a means to affect the differentiation of T CD4+, thus reducing inflammation and disease activity in MS patients. Hence, in this study we aimed to discuss evidence showing that using inhibitors of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3(PFKFB3), as the main regulator of glycolysis, may exert beneficial effects on MS patients.
Roasting Process in a Pellet Shaft Furnace
Authors: Liang Ruquan , Zhang Aiying
Published: September 2022

Background:

The pellet shaft furnace is widely used to roast pellets, which is essential
for the blast furnace burden structure; however, the study on the roasting process in the pellet shaft
furnace is very critical for obtaining high-quality pellets.

Objective:

A theoretical model of the pellet roasting process in the pellet furnace (8 m2) has been
developed on the basis of reaction engineering. The present study aims at investigating the roasting
process in the pellet shaft furnace by taking into account gas flow and heat transfer so that a reasonable
structural design for the shaft furnace can be obtained.

Methods:

A numerical model for an 8m2 pellet shaft furnace has been developed on the basis of reaction
engineering by taking into account gas flow, heat exchange between pellets and gas, and oxidation
reaction of pellets.

Results:

The results show that four reaction zones (preheating, roasting, soaking, and cooling) exist
obviously in the pellet shaft furnace. About 80% coolant gas flows through the gas coolant passage
in the roasting zone, and the non-uniformity of coolant gas in the cooling zone exists under normal
operative conditions. Furthermore, effects of some operation conditions on the distributions of process
variables in the furnace are also examined. The numerical results are in agreement with industrial
experiment results.

Conclusion:

The results reveals that the non-uniform flow of gas occurs in the cooling zone. The
non-uniform flow of gas greatly affects the cooling effect. The present results can provide a theoretical
basis for the prediction of the furnace process, the optimization of operation and the rational
design of furnace shape. At the same time, the present work is helpful in realizing the automatic
control and computer management of furnace production. In the future, the movement of pellets
should be observed by means of a visualized model experiment to verify that the descending movement
of pellets is approximately a potential flow in the furnace and piston flow except for the cooling
zone. In addition, the experimental study of a single pellet under a widely varying range of conditions
should be carried out to investigate the controlling step of oxidation reaction for pellets in
the furnace.
Mental Health Needs in COVID and Post-COVID Era-How Far
Can Telepsychiatry Address the Challenges?
Authors: Bhaumik Udayan
Published: September 2022

The coronavirus pandemic of 2019 has resulted in extensive social regulations and
affected many aspects of life. It has led to significant stress and adversely impacted mental
health across the globe. The virus has been found to directly increase neuropsychiatric sequelae
in those affected. Various psychosocial factors have also increased the incidence and prevalence
of mental health problems worldwide. There was a need for a ramp-up of psychiatric
services to support individuals in such a situation. Even after the pandemic, there is a need for
improving access to mental health services for the mentally ill as well as those affected by the
regulations brought about to tackle the pandemic. Telepsychiatric services are in place
throughout the world in different forms and are the answer to bridging the mental health gap
during and in the aftermath of the pandemic. Hence, it is important to continue developing and
enhancing tele psychiatric services in different countries for supporting and treating individuals
affected by the pandemic.
Proyecto integrador, como generador de competencias y resultados de aprendizaje
Authors: Rodriguez Parra Patricia , Vargas Guzman Fabio Eduardo
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The integrative project (IP) has been positioned in Higher Education Institutions as the high-quality pedagogical tool that allows to establish on the one hand the process of formative research, applied in both disciplinary and transversal subjects; this directly impacts the community of students, teachers and companies, which leads to constant dialogues that enrich the construction and apprehension of knowledge. Materials and/or Methods: as qualitative descriptive research, the work with the business administration and systems engineering programs was carried out through participating teachers from a pedagogical network of professional support interested in sharing significant experiences, so different programs were taken into account, the purpose is to establish the methodology to carry out the application of IP and the subsequent learning result with a left-wing thinking to  bone product right to the micro curriculum integrated into a project, which for this case is derived from the program in question. Results: an analysis of concepts and the location in the operability within the project was established, development matrices for the implementation, monitoring and control some of them consistent with those that the Higher Education Institutions of Colombia have been generating, however, the corresponding variables applicable to each program. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary work is of vital recognition the need to take into account the transversal and disciplinary subjects as an articulator of learning requires two-way communication processes this allows integral formation.
The effect of online learning quality on vocational students' learning achievement during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ferdian Feri , Suyuthie Hijriyantomi
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effect of online learning quality on vocational students' learning achievement during the Covid-19 pandemic. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with ex post facto research, which aims to analyze exogenous variables (online learning quality) with endogenous variables (vocational students' learning achievement during the Covid-19 pandemic). The population of this study was 198 vocational students in the hotel management program Universitas Negeri Padang who took the front office operations two courses in the semester of January-June 2021. The sampling technique used in this study is total sampling. The number of successfully collected respondents was 174 people (87,9%). The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression analysis. The results showed that: (1) Online learning quality during the Covid-19 pandemic is a sufficient category, (2) Vocational students' learning achievements during the Covid-19 Pandemic are also in a good category, and (3) There is a significant influence on the online learning quality variable on the vocational students' learning Achievement during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The magnitude of the online learning quality variable's influence on the vocational students' learning achievement during the Covid-19 Pandemic is 2.7%, while other factors determine 97.3%. This finding also provides a basis for other researchers to look at and have a wider scope, especially those related to student learning achievement. Vocational programs in universities must design an attractive learning process development program for students while still paying attention to the quality of the learning process. This form of practical implication will encourage students to be more motivated to study well so that their learning achievement can be obtained as expected.
Modeling of Information Processing in Biomorphic Neuroprocessor
Authors: Udovichenko Sergey , Pisarev Alexander , Busygin Alexander , Ebrahim Abdulla , Bobylev Andrey , Gubin Alexey
Published: September 2022

In the present study, we present the results of the modeling of incoming information processing in a neuroprocessor that implements a biomorphic spiking neural network with numerous neurons and trainable synaptic connections between them. Physico-mathematical models of processes of encoding information into biomorphic pulses and their decoding following a neural block into a binary code were developed as well as models of the process of routing the output pulses of neurons by the logic matrix to the synapses of other neurons and the processes of associative self-learning of the memory matrix as part of the hardware spiking neural network with long-term potentiation and with the spike-timing-dependent plasticity of the memristor. The performance of individual devices of the biomorphic neuroprocessor in processing the incoming information is shown based on developed models using numerical simulation.
Definition and Classification of Postoperative Complications After Cardiac Surgery: Pilot Delphi Study
Authors: Lapp Linda , Bouamrane Matt-Mouley , Roper Marc , Kavanagh Kimberley , Schraag Stefan
Published: September 2022

Background

Postoperative complications following cardiac surgery are common and represent a serious burden to health services and society. However, there is a lack of consensus among experts on what events should be considered as a “complication” and how to assess their severity.

Objective

This study aimed to consult domain experts to pilot the development of a definition and classification system for complications following cardiac surgery with the goal to allow the progression of standardized clinical processes and systems in cardiac surgery.

Methods

We conducted a Delphi study, which is a well-established method to reach expert consensus on complex topics. We sent 2 rounds of surveys to domain experts, including cardiac surgeons and anesthetists, to define and classify postoperative complications following cardiac surgery. The responses to open-ended questions were analyzed using a thematic analysis framework.

Results

In total, 71 and 37 experts’ opinions were included in the analysis in Round 1 and Round 2 of the study, respectively. Cardiac anesthetists and cardiac critical care specialists took part in the study. Cardiac surgeons did not participate. Experts agreed that a classification for postoperative complications for cardiac surgery is useful, and consensus was reached for the generic definition of a postoperative complication in cardiac surgery. Consensus was also reached on classification of complications according to the following 4 levels: “Mild,” “Moderate,” “Severe,” and “Death.” Consensus was also reached on definitions for “Mild” and “Severe” categories of complications.

Conclusions

Domain experts agreed on the definition and classification of complications in cardiac surgery for “Mild” and “Severe” complications. The standardization of complication identification, recording, and reporting in cardiac surgery should help the development of quality benchmarks, clinical audit, care quality assessment, resource planning, risk management, communication, and research.
Challenges of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management From the Perspective of Patients: Conventional Content Analysis
Authors: Nikpour Soghra , Mehrdad Neda , Sanjari Mahnaz , Aalaa Maryam , Heshmat Ramin , Khabaz Mafinejad Mahboobeh , Larijani Bagher , Nomali Mahin , Najafi Ghezeljeh Tahereh
Published: September 2022

Background

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face significant challenges in the treatment process, which can have a negative impact on disease management. Proper management of the disease can reduce symptoms and complications, improve glycemic indices, and reduce mortality and readmission.

Objective

Given the influential role of patients in prevention and self-care, this study was conducted to explore the challenges of diabetes management from the perspective of patients.

Methods

Two rounds of focus group discussions with T2DM patients were conducted. The principal investigator of the study and a research assistant compiled a list of volunteer patients with names and contact information and selected participants based on their medical information. Participants were chosen via a purposive sampling technique. The questions were designed to encourage patients to share their views on how the treatment team communicates and participates in treatment, how they are trained, and the health care system. The discussion continued until data saturation. During 2 rounds of focus group discussions, the voices of the participants were recorded by 2 voice recorders, and one of the team members was a transcriber. After discussion, participant views were transcribed, and common issues were identified, sorted, and reported as categories and subcategories.

Results

According to the conventional content analysis, 88 primary codes were extracted from the detailed and in-depth description of the participants. The codes were summarized after repeated readings and classified based on their similarities and semantic relevance. Through analysis and comparison, 4 categories and 7 subcategories were identified: communication challenges (poor medical staff communication, lack of psychological support), challenges to participation in treatment (lack of patient participation), educational challenges (training program bugs, inadequate training), and challenges of the health care system (inefficiency of the care system, caregiver inefficiency).

Conclusions

This study showed that the treatment team members should pay more attention to the challenges of care and treatment from the perspective of patients with T2DM. Therefore, recommendations for future policies to overcome these obstacles include establishing a multidisciplinary health care team; using trained health care workers to provide organized treatment and care services; holding individual counseling sessions with patients in need of counseling; and providing counseling services, involving patients in the treatment and self-care process, and designing a comprehensive diabetes education program with an emphasis on education. Necessary information should be provided to the patients, and effective communicate should address patient concerns.
A Nurse-Led Telehealth Program for Diabetes Foot Care: Feasibility and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ju Hsiao-Hui , Momin Rashmi , Cron Stanley , Jularbal Jed , Alford Jeffery , Johnson Constance
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus can lead to severe and debilitating foot complications, such as infections, ulcerations, and amputations. Despite substantial progress in diabetes care, foot disease remains a major challenge in managing this chronic condition that causes serious health complications worldwide.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and usability of a telehealth program focused on preventive diabetes foot care. A secondary aim was to descriptively measure self-reported changes in diabetes knowledge, self-care, and foot care behaviors before and after participating in the program.

METHODS

The study used a single-arm, pre-post design in 2 large family medical practice clinics in Texas. Participants met individually with the nurse practitioner once a month for 3 months using synchronous telehealth videoconferencing. Each participant received diabetes foot education guided by the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change. Feasibility was measured with rates of enrollment and program and assessment completion. Usability was measured with the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire. Diabetes knowledge, self-care, and foot care behaviors were measured with validated survey instruments at baseline, 1.5 months, and 3 months.

RESULTS

Of 50 eligible individuals, 39 (78%) enrolled; 34 of 39 (87%) completed the first videoconference and 29 of 39 (74%) completed the second and third videoconferences. Of the 39 who consented, 37 (95%) completed the baseline assessment; 50% (17/34) of those who attended the first videoconference completed the assessment at 1.5 months, and 100% (29/29) of those who attended the subsequent videoconferences completed the final assessment. Overall, participants reported a positive attitude toward the use of telehealth, with a mean Telehealth Usability Questionnaire score of 6.24 (SD 0.98) on a 7-point scale. Diabetes knowledge increased by a mean of 15.82 (SD 16.69) points of 100 (P<.001) from baseline to 3 months. The values for the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities measure demonstrated better self-care, with participants performing foot care on average 1.74 (SD 2.04) more days per week (P<.001), adhering to healthy eating habits on average 1.57 (SD 2.12) more days per week (P<.001), and being physically active on average 1.24 (SD 2.21) more days per week (P=.005). Participants also reported an improvement in the frequency of foot self-examinations and general foot care behaviors. The mean scores for foot care increased by a mean of 7.65 (SD 7.04) points (scale of 7 to 35) from baseline to 3 months postintervention (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that a nurse-led telehealth educational program centered on diabetes foot care is feasible, acceptable, and has the potential to improve diabetes knowledge and self-care, which are precursors to preventing debilitating foot complications.
Automatic Diagnosis of Different Types of Retinal Vein Occlusion Based on Fundus Images (Preprint)
Authors: Wan Cheng , Hua Rongrong , Li Kunke , Hong Xiangqian , Fang Dong , Yang Weihua
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second common cause of blindness following diabetic retinopathy. Patients with RVO often develop macular edema and neovascular glaucoma, which may damage the visual function irreversibly. RVO includes macular retinal vein occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, and branch retinal vein occlusion.

OBJECTIVE

Providing patients with an accurate diagnosis, followed by timely and effective treatment is very important for the prognosis of visual function. Therefore, in this paper, we use the Swin Transformer model with a label smoothing method to identify fundus images.

METHODS

First, 483 and 161 fundus images were used as the training set and the validation set, respectively, to train and regulate the model, whose accuracy reached 98.1%. Additional 161 fundus images were used as the test set to evaluate the model's performance. Next, the area under the receiver operating curve corresponding to macular retinal vein occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, and branch retinal vein occlusion were obtained using the Swin Transformer model. Finally, we compared the results using the model trained by the deep convolutional neural network.

RESULTS

The values obtained using the Swin Transformer model for macular retinal vein occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, and branch retinal vein occlusion were 0.9987, 0.9981, and 0.9974, respectively. The comparison results with other models indicated that the Swin Transformer model performed the best. The results of the study demonstrated that our method can automatically diagnose RVO and determine the type through fundus images, which has the potency to help in the early diagnosis of patients with RVO.

CONCLUSIONS

Our model can automatically diagnose RVO through fundus images, and its diagnostic accuracy is higher than that of MobileNetV2 and ResNet18. In addition, it can process data sets automatically and efficiently without manual assistance. We can not only diagnose RVO, but also accurately judge its specific type, which has an important clinical significance in real life.
Spatiotemporal and Seasonal Trends of Class A and B Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zheng Junyao , Zhang Ning , Shen Guoquan , Liang Fengchao , Zhao Yang , He Xiaochen , Wang Ying , He Rongxin , Chen Wenna , Xue Hao , Shen Yue , Fu Yang , Zhang Wei-Hong , Zhang Lei , Bhatt Samir , Mao Ying , Zhu Bin
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

China is the most populous country globally and has made significant achievements in the control of infectious diseases over the last decades. The 2003 SARS epidemic triggered the initiation of the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Since then, numerous studies have investigated the epidemiological features and trends of individual infectious diseases in China; however, few considered the changing spatiotemporal trends and seasonality of these infectious diseases over time.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically review the spatiotemporal trends and seasonal characteristics of class A and class B notifiable infectious diseases in China during 2005-2020.

METHODS

We extracted the incidence and mortality data of 8 types (27 diseases) of notifiable infectious diseases from the CISDCP. We used the Mann-Kendall and Sen’s methods to investigate the diseases’ temporal trends, Moran I statistic for their geographical distribution, and circular distribution analysis for their seasonality.

RESULTS

Between January 2005 and December 2020, 51,028,733 incident cases and 261,851 attributable deaths were recorded. Pertussis (P=.03), dengue fever (P=.01), brucellosis (P=.001), scarlet fever (P=.02), AIDS (P<.001), syphilis (P<.001), hepatitis C (P<.001) and hepatitis E (P=.04) exhibited significant upward trends. Furthermore, measles (P<.001), bacillary and amebic dysentery (P<.001), malaria (P=.04), dengue fever (P=.006), brucellosis (P=.03), and tuberculosis (P=.003) exhibited significant seasonal patterns. We observed marked disease burden–related geographic disparities and heterogeneities. Notably, high-risk areas for various infectious diseases have remained relatively unchanged since 2005. In particular, hemorrhagic fever and brucellosis were largely concentrated in Northeast China; neonatal tetanus, typhoid and paratyphoid, Japanese encephalitis, leptospirosis, and AIDS in Southwest China; BAD in North China; schistosomiasis in Central China; anthrax, tuberculosis, and hepatitis A in Northwest China; rabies in South China; and gonorrhea in East China. However, the geographical distribution of syphilis, scarlet fever, and hepatitis E drifted from coastal to inland provinces during 2005-2020.

CONCLUSIONS

The overall infectious disease burden in China is declining; however, hepatitis C and E, bacterial infections, and sexually transmitted infections continue to multiply, many of which have spread from coastal to inland provinces
An Investigation and Analysis of Features of (Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook.F & Thoms) in SON LA
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Thi Bich , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Nuon Le Ngoc
Published: September 2022

Codonopsis Javanica (Blume) Hook.F & Thoms is called with Scientific name: Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson, Campanulaceae (the bellflower family).Plant description: Herbaceous, perennial, creeping by winding stems. Body pale green or purple. Leaves opposite, rarely staggered, heart-shaped at base, pointed at tip; edges are wavy or slightly notched. Roots cylindrical long, diameter can reach 1.5-2 cm, branched, root tips enlarged, with many keloid scars. Flowers grow individually in the interstitium, bell-shaped, white or yellowish, with purple veins in the throat. Fruit capsule, globose with 5 translucent edges, purple or red-purple when ripe, many seeds. The whole plant has white latex. Harvest in winter, wash the soil, cut off the roots and rootlets, dry in the sun or dry at low temperature to slightly dry, roll until soft, then gently dry again. In the paper authors also mentuiond its uses and usage: Ginseng is used to treat depression, anorexia, fatigue, anemia; also used in uterine prolapse, haemorrhage, haemorrhage, jaundice, leukocytosis, nephritis, albumin urine... Used alone or in combination with other drugs.. Codonopsis Javanica (Blume) Hook.F & Thoms root is a product in Son La (mainly the Thai community, the H'Mong people). On the other hand, Codonopsis Javanica (Blume) Hook.F & Thoms also are discovered at many other areas of Vietnam such as Lao cai, Lam Dong, etc.
Evaluating real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness using a test-negative case–control design
Authors: Reynolds Matthew W , Secora Alex , Joules Alice , Albert Lisa , Brinkley Emma , Kwon Tom , Mack Christina , Toovey Stephen , Dreyer Nancy A
Published: September 2022

Aim:
It is important to assess if clinical trial efficacy translates into real-world effectiveness for COVID-19 vaccines.
Materials & methods:
We conducted a modified test-negative design (TND) to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of three COVID-19 vaccines. We defined cases in two ways: self-reported COVID-19-positive tests, and self-reported positive tests with ≥1 moderate/severe COVID-19 symptom.
Results:
Any vaccination was associated with a 95% reduction in subsequently reporting a positive COVID-19 test, and a 71% reduction in reporting a positive test and ≥1 moderate/severe symptom.
Conclusion:
We observed high effectiveness across all three marketed vaccines, both for self-reported positive COVID-19 tests and moderate/severe COVID-19 symptoms. This innovative TND approach can be implemented in future COVID-19 vaccine and treatment real-world effectiveness studies.
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier:
NCT04368065
.
Constructivismo y fomento del aprendizaje autónomo para la enseñanza a distancia en el bachillerato
Authors: Paz Enrique Luis Ernesto , Rubí Velasco Armando , Hernández Alfonso Eduardo Alejandro
Published: September 2022

El constructivismo como perspectiva psicopedagógica constituye un marco referencial para llevar a cabo el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Ofrece las herramientas necesarias para que el estudiante se autogestione su conocimiento, siendo oportuno para la educación a distancia. El presente artículo tiene como propósito identificar las potencialidades de las perspectivas psicopedagógicas constructivistas para favorecer el aprendizaje autónomo y la enseñanza a distancia en el bachillerato.
Entrevista con la doctora Rosaura Ruiz, impulsora del bachillerato en línea en México
Authors: Vadillo Guadalupe
Published: September 2022

En esta entrevista con la doctora Rosaura Ruiz, secretaria de Educación, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de la Ciudad de México destaca la importancia del aprendizaje en línea en el nivel medio superior, el tipo de población al que va dirigida, algunos de sus logros y sus posibilidades a futuro. La doctora Ruiz impulsó el Bachillerato a Distancia de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, cuando fue su secretaria de Desarrollo Institucional y, en su cargo actual, ha hecho posible la creación e implementación de los programas en línea Bachillerato en Línea Pilares y Bachillerato Policial.
The spermatheca in the genus Dendroctonus (Curculionidae: Scolytinae): morphology, nomenclature, potential characters for taxonomic use and phylogenetic signal
Authors: García-Román Jazmín , Ramírez-Reyes Tonatiuh , Armendáriz-Toledano Francisco
Published: September 2022

In most members of the genus Dendroctonus, the usefulness of the spermatheca for taxonomic purposes has not been evaluated in depth; therefore, the aim of this study is to describe and compare the elements that integrate the female reproductive apparatus among Dendroctonus species, clarify their nomenclature and evaluate their interspecific variation to propose useful characteristics for their identification. In addition, we evaluated whether there is a structure between the shape of the receptacle and the phylogenetic relatedness of the species. The spermatheca consists of a sperm duct, a receptacle, and a gland; of these elements, the receptacle is the most taxonomically informative structure. The most closely related species of the D. frontalis complex show wide intraspecific variation in the shape and size of this structure, which precludes recognition of diagnostic features. However, there are differences among species groups in both shape and size in less closely related species such as D. approximatus, D. mexicanus, D. micans, D. parallelocollis and D. rhizophagus. A phylogenetic signal was detected in receptacle shape, and patterns of morphological similarity and phylogenetic relatedness of species were evident in the D. frontalis complex.
Victor Sosnora’s Siberian Poetry Tours (1960s)
Authors:   Institute of Philology of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Loshchilov Igor E. , Sosnora Tatyana V.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the history of Siberian travels and performances of the poet Victor Sosnora (1936–2019) in 1964–1966. During this short period, the poet had visited Siberia four times. Our study focuses not only on Sosnora’s speech during the 5th Poetry Day at the Novosibirsk Electrotechnical Institute (NSTU), held in the spring of 1966, but also on publications and discussions in the institute newspaper “Energiia” (“Energy”). Materials from other newspapers, published in Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Omsk are also used (namely, “For Science from Siberia,” “Youth of Siberia,” the “Soviet Siberia,” “East Siberian Truth,” “Young Siberian,” “Soviet Youth,” etc.). In the mid-1960s a certain group of students (E.S. Sсhurygin, Yu.N. Kislyakov), as well as of people of literature (E.G. Rappoport, A.G. Rappoport, E.K. Stewart, I.O. Fonyakov, B.G. Polovnikov), art (N.D. Gritsyuk) and science (A.D. Aleksandrov, V.L. Glebov) was formed in Novosibirsk. It was up to these people to realize the importance of such literary phenomenon as Victor Sosnora. His poetry, which by that moment had entered the period of maturity, had enthusiastic admirers in Siberia. Among them was the critic and literary historian E.G. Rappoport who happened to meet Sosnora in Leningrad earlier than others. It was also up to him to organize his travels to siberian cities and to help him with publications in local press. Extensive empirical materials concerning the reception of Sosnora’s poetry in Siberia at the time of heated discussions between so called “physicists” and “lyricists” has been collected. A special place among these publications is occupied by the article about Sosnorа written by student Evgeny Sсhurygin. This article caused a heated discussion in the press. In its turn, such travels, as well as his involvement in the avant-garde artists of the “first call” (N.N. Aseev, L.Yu. Brik), happened to strengthen in the poet the feeling of himself as a medieval poet-juggler, up to whom it is to subordinate the mighty of this world with the help of his charm and talent. Traces of the Siberian theme are also presented in the poetry and prose of Victor Sosnora.
E-governance to Smart-Governance in Developing Countries Creating a digital path for realizing SDGs using Cloud computing, Big Data and Data Mining Technologies
Authors:   Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana  Ghana Institute for Management & Public Administration, Accra, Ghana E-mails: joseph.danso@acity.edu.gh, Danso Joseph ,   2olumide.longe@acity.edu.gh,   3odamefrederick@yahoo.com, Longe Olumide Babatope , Odame Frederick  Asumang
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT The emerging technologies of today are contributing to the exponential amount of data all around us. This data characterized by Velocity, Volume, Value, Variety, and Veracity(5V) in literature. This has led to a phenomenon called the Data Revolution as a result of the value that can be gleaned from the data available. The area of government where ICT capabilities are harnessed to enable governments realize its goal of public service delivery is described as e-governance. The e-governance context cannot be left out in this revolution especially in decision making. However, the vast amount of data produced by government in the public sector has not been fully harnessed decision making and planning efforts as the politician’s knowledge is mostly preferred. This proposed PhD study seeks to investigate the use of emerging technologies like cloud computing, Big Data, Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) process in Data mining to create a digital path for the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) especially in developing countries. Automating decision support system in the public services via smart technologies and algorithms is envisaged. Keywords: Cloud Computing, E-governance, Big Data, analytics, SDGs