bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase II, Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter Trial (HERBY) of Bevacizumab in Pediatric Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma
Authors: Grill Jacques , Massimino Maura , Bouffet Eric , Azizi Amedeo A. , McCowage Geoffrey , Cañete Adela , Saran Frank , Le Deley Marie-Cécile , Varlet Pascale , Morgan Paul S. , Jaspan Tim , Jones Chris , Giangaspero Felice , Smith Helen , Garcia Josep , Elze Markus C. , Rousseau Raphaël F. , Abrey Lauren , Hargrave Darren , Vassal Gilles
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Bevacizumab (BEV) is approved in more than 60 countries for use in adults with recurrent glioblastoma. We evaluated the addition of BEV to radiotherapy plus temozolomide (RT+TMZ) in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma (HGG).

Methods

The randomized, parallel group, multicenter, open-label HERBY trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01390948) enrolled patients age ≥ 3 years to ≤ 18 years with localized, centrally neuropathology-confirmed, nonbrainstem HGG. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive RT + TMZ (RT: 1.8 Gy, 5 days per week, and TMZ: 75 mg/m2per day for 6 weeks; 4-week treatment break; then up to 12 × 28-day cycles of TMZ [cycle 1: 150 mg/m2per day, days 1 to 5; cycles 2 to 12: 200 mg/m2per day, days 1 to 5]) with or without BEV (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks). The primary end point was event-free survival (EFS) as assessed by a central radiology review committee that was blinded to treatment. We report findings of EFS at 12 months after the enrollment of the last patient.

Results

One hundred twenty-one patients were enrolled (RT+TMZ [n = 59]; BEV plus RT+TMZ [n = 62]). Central radiology review committee–assessed median EFS did not differ significantly between treatment groups (RT+TMZ, 11.8 months; 95% CI, 7.9 to 16.4 months; BEV plus RT+TMZ, 8.2 months; 95% CI, 7.8 to 12.7 months; hazard ratio, 1.44; P = .13 [stratified log-rank test]). In the overall survival analysis, the addition of BEV did not reduce the risk of death (hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.72 to 2.09). More patients in the BEV plus RT+TMZ group versus the RT+TMZ group experienced one or more serious adverse events (n = 35 [58%] v n = 27 [48%]), and more patients who received BEV discontinued study treatment as a result of adverse events (n = 13 [22%] v n = 3 [5%]).

Conclusion

Adding BEV to RT+TMZ did not improve EFS in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed HGG. Our findings were not comparable to those of previous adult trials, which highlights the importance of performing pediatric-specific studies.
Inhibiting Cellular Senescence: A New Therapeutic Paradigm for Age-Related Osteoporosis
Authors: Khosla Sundeep , Farr Joshua N , Kirkland James L
Published: February 2018

Context

With the aging of the population and projected increase in osteoporotic fractures coupled with the declining use of osteoporosis medications, there is a compelling need for new approaches to treat osteoporosis. Given that age-related osteoporosis generally coexists with multiple other comorbidities (e.g., atherosclerosis, diabetes, frailty) that share aging as the leading risk factor, there is growing interest in the “Geroscience Hypothesis,” which posits that manipulation of fundamental aging mechanisms will delay the appearance or severity of multiple chronic diseases because these diseases share aging as the underlying risk factor. In this context, one fundamental aging mechanism that has received considerable attention recently as contributing to multiple age-related morbidities is cellular senescence. This mini-review provides an overview on cellular senescence with a focus on its role in mediating age-related bone loss.

Methods

This summary is based on the authors’ knowledge of the field supplemented by a PubMed search using the terms “senescence,” “aging,” and “bone.”

Results

There is compelling evidence from preclinical models and supportive human data demonstrating an increase in senescent cells in the bone microenvironment with aging. These cells produce a proinflammatory secretome that leads to increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation, and approaches that either eliminate senescent cells or impair the production of their proinflammatory secretome have been shown to prevent age-related bone loss in mice.

Conclusions

Targeting cellular senescence represents a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent not only bone loss but potentially multiple age-related diseases simultaneously.
Immunotherapy‐Induced Colitis: An Emerging Problem for the Hospitalist
Authors: Marin‐Acevedo Julian A. , Harris Dana M. , Burton M. Caroline
Published: February 2018

Since their introduction for melanoma treatment, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has rapidly expanded. Though their impact on survival is irrefutable, these medications have been associated with autoimmune‐like adverse events related to their ability to induce the immune system. One of the most commonly affected organ systems is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, in which manifestations range from mild diarrhea to severe colitis with intestinal perforation. Because of the increased use of ICIs, hospitalists are caring for an increasing number of patients experiencing their adverse events. We present a case‐oriented review of the GI adverse events associated with the use of ICIs to familiarize the hospitalist with their mechanism of action and potential complications and to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to decrease morbidity and mortality.
Understanding the impact of eating disorders: using the reflecting team as a learning strategy for students
Authors: Stringfellow Alicia , Evans Nicola , Evans Anne-Marie
Published: February 2018

This article outlines how the application of a reflecting team from systemic family therapy practice was used as a learning strategy for a postgraduate programme for healthcare students. The programme was designed to increase the students' skills, knowledge and awareness of the needs of people with eating disorders, and their families. There were some benefits to this learning strategy. Students reported that the use of a reflecting team enabled them to gain a deep understanding of the emotional impact of eating disorders on individuals and their carers. However, as this method of learning was new to the students, they needed some initial instruction on the approach. During the programme of study, it became evident that the health professionals were deeply affected by the experiences of people with eating disorders. This would suggest that possibly it was the presence of the sufferers themselves as part of the reflecting team that provided the pivotal learning opportunity, rather than the reflecting team per se.
A review of isolation practices and procedures in healthcare settings
Authors: Gammon John , Hunt Julian
Published: February 2018

The notion of ‘isolation’ in infectious diseases refers to the possibility of people known or suspected to be infected from the wider population, and has historically been used to control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Isolation practices in healthcare settings evolved over the 20th century resulting in a focus on the disruption of known routes of potential transmission. There was renewed attention to infection prevention and control (IPC) in the UK at the turn of the 20th century after high-profile reports acknowledged the importance of IPC as a key indicator of high-quality clinical care, and the impact of healthcare-acquired infections. There has been a shift away from isolation wards towards isolation in single rooms on general wards. For infections that are spread by the airborne, droplet or contact routes, placing the patient in single-room isolation is considered to be an important component of transmission-based precautions (TBPs). However, in practice isolation is complex and a number of challenges are involved in implementing IPC procedures.
Why education matters: reflections on the last 50 years
Authors: Rosser Elizabeth
Published: February 2018

Elizabeth Rosser, Professor of Nursing and acting Executive Dean of Faculty, Bournemouth University, reflects on her own nursing journey and the importance of nurse education
How 70 years of healthcare policy has shaped the NHS
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: February 2018

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, University of Southampton, investigates the relationship between UK health policy and changes in the pattern of care delivery by nurses since the NHS was created 70 years ago
Reviews Books
Authors: Johnson Ty , Riggs Charles , Freeman Devon Alizabeth , Wofford Kelli
Published: February 2018

Guerrilla Film Scoring, Jeremy Borum, (2015) Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 250pp., ISBN: 9781442237292 (pbk), $30.00, ISBN: 9781442237285 (hbk), $80.00

The Cinema of Clint Eastwood, David Sterritt, (2014) New York: Wallflower Press, 240pp., ISBN: 9780231172004 (hbk), $75.00, ISBN: 9780231172011 (pbk), $25.00, ISBN: 9780231850711 (ebk), $24.99

Bollywood’s India: Hindi Cinema as a Guide to Contemporary Cinema, Rachel Dwyer, (2014) London: Reaktion Books Ltd., 295pp., ISBN: 978178023263 (pbk), $29.00

Latin American Cinema, Stephen M. Hart, (2015) London: Reaktion Books Ltd., 219pp. ISBN: 9781780233659 (pbk), $30.00
Indigenista perspectives in Argentine metal music
Authors: Belén Calvo Manuela
Published: February 2018

Indigenismo was a literary trend that originated in 1920s Peru and that further developed in many Andean countries, including Argentina. In Argentina, indigenista literature represented a reaction to the hegemonic ideals of civilization-versus-barbarism, which were deployed to justify the murdering and subjugation of indigenous peoples. Starting in the 1980s, many metal bands in Argentina adopt the same approach. This article will examine the way in which metal music in Argentina uses a twofold logic that simultaneously defends all aboriginal traits while condemning all foreign influences, all of this as bands use rhetorical devices that originate in metal music, devices external to the indigenous world and originating from a context of globalization and capitalism. This meditation is based on a socio-semiotic analysis of the output of a handful of bands.
‘Severed Reality’: Representations of reality in Salvadoran tribal metal
Authors: Pack Christian
Published: February 2018

As a musical discourse, heavy metal often asserts its own view of reality that is antagonistic to the ‘popular’ world-view of society. This dominant framework that is at work in the world, at large, is the Modern/Western framework of reality, which is highly dependent on the discourses of Christianity, capitalism and democracy and which has mainly been spread through imperialism. What has allowed this framed reality to succeed at such a large scale is what William Egginton calls ‘theatricality’, the foundation of our modern understanding of the world. However, no matter how strong the dominant frame may be, separate frames always exist simultaneous and exterior to it. By applying Heidegger’s understanding of the ‘world as picture’, I can demonstrate that heavy metal music not only creates a separate frame with which its listeners and producers experience reality but also how this particular frame, which relies on theatrics and the macabre, tries to intentionally crack or shatter the dominant frame. This process is manifested clearly in the Salvadoran heavy metal community and in Salvadoran ‘tribal metal’. In this setting, Western ideologies have systematically been pushed onto a community that continues to resist them and to create their own meaningful reality. As a part of this study, I have engaged in ethnographic observation and carried out 30 in-depth qualitative interviews during a three-year period. Results evidence how the local heavy metal community exists within Salvadoran society while simultaneously being antagonistic to most of its values and attempting to ‘rewrite’ the popular framework with which Salvadoran ‘reality’ is generally articulated. This is done through an invocation of its own indigenous past in the tribal metal genre.
Media representations of metal music in the Dominican Republic: Between oppression and social resistance
Authors: Mendoza Sigrid , Varas-Díaz Nelson , Rivera-Segarra Eliut , Vélez Carlos
Published: February 2018

Metal music is a global phenomenon, and research addressing its development throughout the world should focus on the local and regional factors that help shape it. The Dominican Republic saw the emergence of a local metal scene in the early 1980s. Unlike other scenes in the Caribbean region, the local media outlets (i.e. newspapers, tv shows, radio shows) have played a crucial role in its development. This article aims to examine the role that media has played in the development and hindrance of the local scene and its interrelation to shifts in the racial/class composition of its members. We carried out ethnographic observations and in-depth qualitative interviews (n=10) with local fans and musicians. All data were analysed and categorized using NVIVO software. In this short article, we discuss how the media played a dual role in the development of the local metal scene. Initially, media representations of metal music contributed to hinder and stigmatize local metal fans. Later, those same media outlets were used by metal fans to counteract stigmatizing representations of metal and expand the scene. Such was the case of the Avanzada Metallica, a local radio show that organized local concerts and informed the metal scene for 20 years. We will discuss how it became a platform to promote local metal bands in the Dominican Republic and Latin America through its organized activities, while simultaneously expanding the scene in terms of its racial and social class composition.
Representaciones musicales en tiempos de violencia: Orígenes del metal peruano durante la crisis general de los años ochenta
Authors: Núñez María de la Luz , Rivas Arturo
Published: February 2018

El presente artículo se pregunta por las motivaciones que llevaron a jóvenes peruanos a expresarse a través del metal en los años 80, apartándose de otros géneros musicales que ya habían sido desarrollados, tales como el hardcore, el punk y el rock subterráneo. En ese sentido, proponemos que sus motivaciones, lejos de tratarse de una simple copia de bandas extranjeras, deben más bien enmarcarse en el contexto de la crisis política, social y económica que tuvo lugar en esa década; situación que recrudeció por el conflicto armado interno entre agentes del Estado y agrupaciones terroristas. Para fundamentar nuestra postura, recurriremos a la metodología genealógica nietzscheana y a algunos conceptos fenomenológicos de Husserl y Scheler, entendiendo al metal como una ‘reacción emocional de respuesta’ frente a los valores preferidos por la sociedad, en relación con la vivencia de la crisis, y a través de distintas capas de conciencia (afectiva, volitiva, cognoscitiva) y modos de conciencia (perceptivo-natural y representacional-estético). Nuestra aproximación es complementada con testimonios de músicos que fueron parte del origen de la escena metal en el Perú.
Musical representation in times of violence: The origins of Peruvian metal music during the general crisis of the eighties
Authors: Núñez María de la Luz , Rivas Arturo
Published: February 2018

This article addresses the motivations that led young Peruvians to express themselves through metal in the 1980s, moving away from other musical genres that had already been developed, such as hardcore, punk and underground rock. In this sense, we propose that their motivations, far from being a mere copy of foreign bands, should rather be framed in the context of the political, social and economic crisis that took place in that decade, a situation that was exacerbated by the internal armed conflict between State agents and terrorist groups. To ground our position, we will resort to the Nietzschean genealogical methodology and phenomenological concepts from Husserl and Scheler, understanding metal as an ‘emotional response reaction’ to the values ​​preferred by society, in relation to the experience of the crisis and through different layers of consciousness (affective, volitional, cognitive) and modes of consciousness (perceptive-natural and representational-aesthetic). Our approach is complemented by testimonies of musicians who were part of the origin of the metal scene in Peru.
Cartas, fitas cassete e fanzines: A circulação do metal no Brasil como modelo da dádiva
Authors: dos Santos Silva Melina Aparecida
Published: February 2018

O artigo aborda as trocas culturais no contexto da cena do metal brasileiro e as relações sociais construídas em torno das materialidades do gênero musical, como cartas, fitas cassete e fanzines. O argumento central é de que estas trocas de itens entre fãs de metal contribuíram para a globalização do gênero musical e tiveram continuidade dos anos 1990 aos 2000, em territórios periféricos, como o Brasil, mesmo com a chegada da Internet. Abordamos esta questão a partir de uma pesquisa online com fãs de metal sobre o papel das trocas de cartas e fitas cassete, mediadas pelos fanzines, para acesso aos produtos culturais. O questionário foi disponibilizado nos grupos dedicados ao metal brasileiro e colecionadores de fitas cassete e fanzines nas redes sociais. A circulação do metal no Brasil será compreendida a partir do paradigma da dádiva, proposto por Marcel Mauss e por suas releituras. Desta forma, ressaltamos a construção de identidades e de laços sociais oferecida pelo intercâmbio cultural.
The aesthetic-sonic shift of melodic death metal
Authors: Hillier Benjamin
Published: February 2018

This article examines the shift in aesthetics and sound that occurred during the development of what came to be called melodic death metal, a sub-genre of metal that developed in the 1990s in Gothenburg, Sweden. I consider the musical aesthetics such as instrumentation, production style and timbre alongside extra-musical aesthetics such as lyrics, cover art and band logos. Thus, I demonstrate how melodic death metal develops its aesthetics and sound in order to differentiate itself from its main influences of Swedish death metal and the New Wave of European Heavy Metal. This article aims to contribute to a growing body of works that is focused on analysing the music at the core of popular music, in particular metal, and develop methods of analysis that deal with musical aesthetics on an equal ground with extra-musical aesthetics. Furthermore, this article aims to discuss in detail specific features of melodic death metal and establish a basis for further examination of the developments of the genre.
Construction and recombinant expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa truncated exotoxin A in Escherichia coli
Authors: Qaiser Hina , Aslam Farheen , Iftikhar Saima , Farooq Adeen
Published: February 2018

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE) is a bacterial toxin composed of three domains namely: cell binding, translocation and enzymatic domain. The cytotoxic activity of PE is attributed to the enzymatic domain, which inhibits protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of EF-2. PE can be genetically modified to fight cancer. In this regard, a truncated and modified form of PE was produced that could be used for more potent immunotoxins. This modified form termed PE38KDEL was completely devoid of cell binding domain and parts of translocation domain II and Ib which are reported to be inessential for cytotoxicity of the toxin. The resultant expressed protein consisted of the essential translocation domain II and catalytic subunit (domain Ib, III). The deletions in the exotoxin A gene for truncated protein production were made via overlapping PCR extension. The amplicon was cloned in pTZ57r-T vector for DNA works and sub cloned in pET22b expression vector.  It is demonstrated here that PE38KDEL can be expressed in huge quantities in Escherichia coli by using the recombinant vector PE38KDEL/pET under control of T7 promoter and E. coli host strain BL21 (DE3) CodonPlus. The protein expression was optimized at 0.5 mM IPTG concentration for induction as soon as the OD600 nm reached 0.6 with 6 hours of post induction culturing at 37°C.  The recombinant protein was expressed both as soluble and inclusion body forms however the expression of the soluble form was more pronounced.
Frequency Determination of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae (CRKP) Isolated from hospitals in Isfahan of Iran and Evaluation of Synergistic Effect of Colistin and Meropenem on them
Authors: Gheitani Leila , Fazeli Hossein , Moghim Sharareh , Nasr Isfahani Bahram
Published: February 2018

Overuse and misuse of Carbapenems among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates have caused Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumonia (CRKP) during recent years. Colistin is one of the last available options, and there are increasing concerns about the dosage and resistance to this agent in long-term monotherapies. This study was designed to identification of carbapenemase producing isolates of K. pneumoniae via phenotypic and genotypic methods as well as evaluation of colistin-meropenem combination therapy potential. This study was carried out in Isfahan, of Iran on 100 samples from Alzahra and Khorshid hospitals in 2017. The Modified Hodge Test (MHT) was used to investigate the carbapenemase presence. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) were determined using broth macrodilution and checkerboard assays (respectively) for both meropenem and colistin. The bla-KPC gene was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The highest and the lowest rate of resistance were observed for piperacillin (84%) and ertapenem (50%) respectively. 68 isolates by MHT were CRKP, but None of them were positive for bla-KPC gene. 21 isolates from CRKP cases were high resistant to used antimicrobial agents in the study that both MIC and FIC results showed significant synergy for this antibiotics in checkerboard test (p-value < 0.05). 21 resistant isolates from CRKP cases showed statistically significant synergy potential for meropenem and colistin. The meropenem-colistin combination therapy can be applied as a suitable antibiotic synergy but it requires further investigation in clinical assay. Regarding to our findings, Probably other mechanisms of resistance to Carbapenems ,except bla-kpc genes are involved.
Association between Vitamin D level and/or deficiency, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Bae Sang-Cheol , Lee Young Ho
Published: February 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases and performed a meta-analysis examining the vitamin D level and/or deficiency in patients with SLE, compared with that in healthy controls. In total, 18 studies consisting of 1,083 patients with SLE and 1,273 controls were included. Vitamin D level was significantly lower in the SLE group than in the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] = âˆ’0.938, 95% CI = âˆ’1.352 to âˆ’0.524, p = 9.0 í— 10âˆ’6). Stratification by ethnicity showed a significantly decreased vitamin D level in the SLE group in the European and Arab populations (SMD = âˆ’1.485, 95% CI = âˆ’2.427 to âˆ’0.543, p = 0.002; SMD = âˆ’1.067, 95% CI = âˆ’1.251 to âˆ’0.883, p < 1.0 í— 10âˆ’8), and an association tendency between decreased vitamin D level and SLE in the Asian population (SMD = âˆ’0.874, 95% CI = âˆ’2.073 to âˆ’0.324, p = 0.153). Subgroup analysis by sample size showed a significantly lower vitamin D level in the SLE group in small- (n â‰¤ 100) and large-sample (n > 100) populations (SMD = âˆ’1.008, 95% CI = âˆ’1.672 to âˆ’0.344, p = 0.003; SMD = âˆ’0.863, 95% CI = âˆ’1.444 to âˆ’0.293, p = 0.003). Meta-analysis revealed a significant association between SLE and vitamin D deficiency (RR = 2.321, 95% CI = 1.361–3.960, p = 0.002). Stratification by ethnicity showed a significant association between SLE and vitamin D deficiency in European and Arab populations (RR = 2.182, 95% CI = 1.024–4.648, p = 0.043; RR = 4.550, 95% CI = 3.471–5.965, p < 1.0 í— 10âˆ’8). Our meta-analysis demonstrates that compared with controls, patients with SLE show significantly low serum levels of vitamin D, and that a deficiency of vitamin D is associated with SLE.
The effects of caveolin1 on Î² cell proliferation
Authors: Li Haicheng , Peng Hangya , Xu Haixia , Xu Fen , Lin Shuo , Lin Keyi , Zeng Wen , Zeng Longyi
Published: February 2018

Our study aims to access the influence of caveolin1 (CAV1) on Î² cell expression profiles. We knocked down the expression of CAV1 in both NIT-1 cells and islets isolated from C57BL/6J mice using an RNA interference technique, which was realized by the transfer of an shRNA vector targeting CAV1 mRNA into NIT-1 cells or islets through latent virus infection. First, we identified the change in gene expression profiles in islets, in which the CAV1 expression level was down-regulated, as ascertained by mouse gene expression microarray, and the results showed that pathways related to Î² cell proliferation and pancreatic secretion functions were significantly influenced. The results of MTT demonstrated that the knockdown of CAV1 expression in NIT-1 cells promoted proliferation. The protein array results showed that pro-apoptotic cytokines were down-regulated in the NIT-1 cell line with CAV1 knockdown. These findings suggest that CAV1 might be involved in apoptosis and proliferation regulation in Î² cells, and therefore could be a potential target for the development of novel therapies for diabetes mellitus.
High temperature requirement factor A1 (HTRA1) regulates the activation of latent TGF-Î²1 in keloid fibroblasts
Authors: Jin Shi-Feng , Wang Yu-Xin , Xu Nan , Sun Qiang , Wang Chen-Chao , Lv Meng-Zhu , Sun Xu , Guo Shu
Published: February 2018

Scar treatments are considered a major issue in the plastic surgery field. Activation of the transforming growth factor-Î² (TGF-Î²)-mediated signaling pathway plays a key role in the scar pathogeneses, and high temperature requirement factor A1 (HTRA1) inhibits TGF-Î²1 activation in tumor cells. Our study aims to investigate the role of HTRA1 in the pathogenesis of scars. The mRNA levels of HTRA1 was evaluated by real time PCR, HTRA1 protein expression was determined using western blot and immunohistochemistry, and a luciferase assay was applied to measure dynamic changes of TGF-Î²1 activity. We found that the expression of HTRA1 was significantly elevated in keloid tissues, compared to normal skin, and TGF-Î²1 mRNA levels slightly increase in the keloid tissue. Furthermore, active TGF-Î²1 protein levels and Smad2 phosphorylation significantly increased in the keloid tissue. Treatment with the latent TGF-Î²1 or recombinant human HTRA1 (rhHTRA1), alone or in combination, increased Smad2 phosphorylation levels in keloid fibroblasts and active TGF-Î²1 contents of associated supernatants. Our results suggest that HTRA1 is involved in the pathogenesis of scars through regulating activation of latent TGF-Î²1 in keloid fibroblasts, and our study reveals that HTRA1 is a novel target that regulates scar formation.
Kara ograniczenia wolności z zastosowaniem dozoru elektronicznego – utracona szansa naprawy tej kary w polskim prawie karnym
Authors: Grudecki Michał
Published: February 2018

Ustawa z 20 lutego 2015 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks karny i niektórych innych ustaw (Dz. U. poz. 396) wprowadziła liczne zmiany w przepisach dotyczących struktury oraz wykonywania kar, m.in. reformując sposób wykonywania kary ograniczenia wolności. W publikacji autor przedstawił powody wprowadzenia obowiązku pozostawania w miejscu stałego pobytu lub w innym wyznaczonym miejscu z zastosowaniem systemu dozoru elektronicznego jako jednej z form kary ograniczenia wolności, dokonał oceny tej, niestety krótko obowiązującej, zmiany w polskim prawie karnym. Autor omówił również pokrótce przepisy Kodeksu karnego wykonawczego, które regulowały dokładnie sposób wykonywania kary ograniczenia wolności w formie stanowiącej przedmiot publikacji, a także zaprezentował przyczyny cofnięcia tej części reformy ustawą z 11 marca 2016 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks karny i ustawy – Kodeks karny wykonawczy (Dz. U. poz. 428). Podjął też próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy przywrócenie dozoru elektronicznego jako systemu wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności było słuszne. Autor zaproponował też uwagi de lege ferenda odnośnie do przywrócenia usuniętej ustawą z 11 marca 2016 r. omawianej formy kary ograniczenia wolności z pewnymi zmianami co do szczegółów dotyczących sposobu jej wykonywania, które powinny znaleźć się w Kodeksie karnym wykonawczym.
Kształtowanie regionalnej i lokalnej sieci osadniczej w Polsce w świetle idei zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Mierzejewska Lidia
Published: February 2018

Zrównoważony rozwój jest w Polsce zasadą konstytucyjną, stąd przyjmowany być powinien za podstawę wszelkich działań. Z tego między innymi powodu należałoby oczekiwać, że znajdzie swoje odbicie w regulacjach prawnych, dotyczących polityk rozwojowych na różnych szczeblach organizacji terytorialnej, w tym w polityce przestrzennej. O możliwości realizacji zrównoważonego rozwoju w różnych skalach przestrzennych decyduje między innymi sposób rozmieszczenia ludności na danym obszarze, znajdujący swoje odbicie w sieci osadniczej. Celem artykułu jest określenie tego, jaka sieć osadnicza w skali regionalnej i lokalnej sprzyjać będzie realizacji założeń rozwoju zrównoważonego, a następnie analiza tego, czy w obowiązujących w Polsce regulacjach prawnych w zakresie polityki przestrzennej oraz zadań samorządów terytorialnych znajdują się odniesienia co do kształtowania takiej, zgodnej z zrównoważonym rozwojem, sieci. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że osiąganiu celów takiego właśnie rozwoju sprzyjać będzie przede wszystkim policentryczna struktura osadnicza, i to zarówno w skali regionalnej, jak i lokalnej. W obowiązującej w Polsce ustawie o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym brakuje odniesień do zasad kształtowania sieci osadniczej, co może być jedną z przyczyn formowania nieefektywnych, niezrównoważonych struktur przestrzennych, a polaryzacyjno-dyfuzyjny model rozwoju przyjęty w Koncepcji Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju 2030 nie w pełni służy realizacji celów zrównoważonego rozwoju.
Kultura władzy i kultura uzasadniania w ujęciu Davida Dyzenhausa jako kategorie analizy proponowanych zmian w ustawie o Sądzie Najwyższym
Authors: Smolak Marek
Published: February 2018

Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka dwóch kultur prawnych, tj. kultury władzy oraz kultury uzasadniania, sformułowanych przez Davida Dyzenhausa. Powyższa dystynkcja kultur zaproponowana przez kanadyjskiego teoretyka prawa stanowi interesujący głos w dyskusji nad tym, w jaki sposób wybrnąć z problemu wyznaczenia granic sprawowania władzy publicznej, a w konsekwencji również problemu bezkonfliktowego realizowania zasady podziału władzy. Najogólniej rzecz ujmując, w kulturze władzy uzasadnianie dla działania władzy jest konieczne na etapie jej ustanawiania, w momencie zaś jej ustanowienia władza nie widzi potrzeby uzasadniania swoich decyzji. W kulturze uzasadniania w sytuacji, gdy władza już została ustanowiona, reguły kultury uzasadniania nakazują władzy uzasadniać swoje wszystkie decyzje. Rekonstrukcja powyższych idei kultur prawnych została zilustrowana ostatnimi propozycjami zmian w ustawie o Sądzie Najwyższym. W konkluzji artykułu wskazano, że zaproponowane zmiany funkcjonowania Sądu Najwyższego są oczywistymi przykładami działań władzy ustawodawczej opartych na dyrektywach kultury władzy, co prowadzić może do naruszeń zasad państwa prawa.
Asymptotics for a class of heat equations with inhomogeneous nonlinearity
Authors: Saanouni Tarek , Ghanmi Radhia
Published: February 2018

The initial value problem for an inhomogeneous nonlinear heat equation with a pure power nonlinearity is investigated. In the radial energy space, global and non-global well-posedness are discussed.
Boundary Singularities of Solutions to Semilinear Fractional Equations
Authors: Nguyen Phuoc-Tai , Véron Laurent
Published: February 2018

We prove the existence of a solution of

(

-
Δ

)

s

⁢
u

+

f
⁢

(
u
)

=
0

{(-\Delta)^{s}u+f(u)=0}

in a smooth bounded domain Ω with a prescribed boundary value μ in the class of Radon measures for a large class of continuous functions f satisfying a weak singularity condition expressed under an integral form. We study the existence of a boundary trace for positive moderate solutions. In the particular case where

f
⁢

(
u
)

=

u
p

{f(u)=u^{p}}

and μ is a Dirac mass, we show the existence of several critical exponents p. We also demonstrate the existence of several types of separable solutions of the equation

(

-
Δ

)

s

⁢
u

+

u
p

=
0

{(-\Delta)^{s}u+u^{p}=0}

in

ℝ
+
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}_{+}}

.
Existence and Multiplicity Results for Systems of First-Order Differential Equations via the Method of Solution-Regions
Authors: Frigon Marlène
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we establish existence and multiplicity results for systems of first-order differential equations. To this end, we introduce the method of solution-regions. It generalizes the method of upper and lower solutions and the method of solution-tubes. Our results can also be seen as viability results since we obtain solutions remaining in suitable regions. We give conditions insuring the existence of at least three viable solutions of a system of first-order differential equations. Many examples are presented to show that a large variety of sets can be solution-regions.
Sine and cosine type functional equations on hypergroups
Authors: Roukbi Ahmed , Lehlou Fouad , Moussa Mohammed
Published: February 2018

Let{(X,*)}be a hypergroup and let{w_{0}}be a fixed measure onX. In this paper we study the two functional equations

\langle\delta_{x}*\delta_{y}*\omega_{0},g\rangle+\langle\delta_{x}*\delta_{% \check{y}}*\omega_{0},g\rangle=2g(x)g(y),\quad x,y\in X,

and

\langle\delta_{x}*\delta_{\check{y}}*\omega_{0},f\rangle-\langle\delta_{x}*% \delta_{y}*\omega_{0},f\rangle=2f(x)f(y),\quad x,y\in X,

where{g,f:X\to\mathbb{C}}are continuous and bounded functions to be determined. We express the solutions of the two functional equations in terms of multiplicative maps on{(X,*)}. As an application we give the solution of the two functional equations on polynomial and Sturm–Liouville hypergroups.
Variable G versus the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe
Authors: Colenbrander Bernard G. , Hulscher Willem S.
Published: February 2018

It is shown that the hypothesis of permitting variability of the Newtonian constant G, increasing with the local density of dark matter, implies that there is no need for the introduction of a cosmological constant or accelerated expansion of the universe. A higher value of G in the younger universe leads to an enhanced redshift of the spectra from e.g. supernovae, which results in an estimation of a larger distance and magnitude. Interpreting relevant astronomical observations in terms of both effects leads remarkably to a linear relationship between the redshift and the magnitude of the supernovae throughout the history of the universe. Furthermore it is shown, that from CMB measurements, no reliable conclusions can be drawn about the structure and geometry of the universe. It is concluded that, if the hypothesis survives further tests, no valid evidence is available that would point to an accelerated expansion of the universe and therefore it is not necessary to assume the existence of dark energy.
News From The Erebos Project
Authors: Schaffenroth Veronika , Barlow Brad , Geier Stephan , Vučković Maja , Kilkenny Dave , Schaffenroth Johannes
Published: February 2018

Planets and brown dwarfs in close orbits will interact with their host stars, as soon as the stars evolve to become red giants. However, the outcome of those interactions is still unclear. Recently, several brown dwarfs have been discovered orbiting hot subdwarf stars at very short orbital periods of 0.065 - 0.096 d. More than 8% of the close hot subdwarf binaries might have sub-stellar companions. This shows that such companions can significantly affect late stellar evolution and that sdB binaries are ideal objects to study this influence. Thirty-eight new eclipsing sdB binary systems with cool low-mass companions and periods from 0.05 to 0.5 d were discovered based on their light curves by the OGLE project. In the recently published catalog of eclipsing binaries in the Galactic bulge, we discovered 75 more systems. We want to use this unique and homogeneously selected sample to derive the mass distribution of the companions, constrain the fraction of sub-stellar companions and determine the minimum mass needed to strip off the red-giant envelope. We are especially interested in testing models that predict hot Jupiter planets as possible companions. Therefore, we started the EREBOS (Eclipsing Reflection Effect Binaries from the OGLE Survey) project, which aims at analyzing those new HW Vir systems based on a spectroscopic and photometric follow up. For this we were granted an ESO Large Program for ESO-VLT/FORS2. Here we give an update on the the current status of the project and present some preliminary results.
Atomic diffusion in the atmosphere of Feige 86
Authors: Németh Péter
Published: February 2018

We have revisited the ultraviolet and optical spectra of the blue horizontal branch star Feige 86. The new analysis finds the star cooler and more compact than previously determined. The IUE spectrum of Feige 86 holds numerous unidentified spectral lines of heavy metals, indicating efficient atomic diffusion in the atmosphere. Because diffusion plays a key role in the atmospheres of hot subdwarfs as well, it is indispensable to a better understanding of subdwarf pulsations and evolution. Feige 86 looks like an ideal target to confront diffusion theory with observations and test spectroscopic techniques. Therefore, to advance our general understanding of diffusion in stellar atmospheres we urge for new ultraviolet spectroscopy of Feige 86 at the highest possible resolution with HST/STIS.
An additional pulsating mode (7.35 mHz) and pulsations timing variations of PG 1613+426
Authors: Otani Tomomi , Oswalt Terry D. , Majewski Patrice , Jordan Riley , Amaral Marc , Moss Adam
Published: February 2018

We present the detection of an additional pulsation mode (7.35 mHz) of a subdwarf B star, PG 1613+426, and periodic Observed minus Calculated (O-C) variations for two existing pulsations. PG 1613+426 is near the hot end of the sdB instability strip. One pulsation mode (6.94 mHz) was detected so far by Bonanno et al. (2002) and another pulsation mode candidate (7.05 mHz) was proposed with a confidence level above 90% by Kuassivi and Ferlet (2005). To constrain sdB star evolutional scenarios, this star was monitored in 2010, 2011, 2015, and 2017 as a part of a project for finding companions to sdB stars using the pulsation timing method. The photometric analysis of those data shows an additional 7.35 mHz pulsation mode as well as the previously detected 6.93 mHz mode. However the 7.05 mHz mode was not detected. Nightly amplitude changes of 7.35 mHz mode were observed in the 2011 data, however the 2017 data did not show nightly amplitude shifts. O-C variations were detected in both 6.93 mHz and 7.35 mHz pulsations, indicating that PG 1613+426 may have a low mass companion star. However, more observations are needed to confirm it.
Discrete Functional Analysis Tools for Some Evolution Equations
Authors: Gallouët Thierry
Published: February 2018

We present some discrete functional analysis tools for the proof of convergence of numerical schemes, mainly for equations including diffusion terms such as the Stefan problem or the Navier–Stokes equations in the incompressible and compressible cases. Some of the results covered here have been proved in previous works, coauthored with several coworkers.
Thermal decomposition of hydroxycarbonate Cu-Fe-Cr spinel precursors
Authors: Shtertser Natalia Vladimirovna , Plyasova Ludmila Mihailovna , Dokuchits Eugene Vladimirovich , Minyukova Tatyana Petrovna , Yurieva Tamara Mihailovna
Published: February 2018

Decomposition of mixed Cu-Fe-Cr hydroxycarbonates was investigated by thermal analysis and in situ XRD and FTIR. TGA and DTA showed that increased preheating temperature removes modifying anions and decreases the spinel crystallization temperature. A disordered oxide phase containing carbonate is initially formed. The carbonate contents and crystallization temperature decreases depend on the Fe
Sensitive Media
Authors: Malinowska Anna , Miller Toby
Published: February 2018

The paper engages with what we refer to as “sensitive media,” a concept associated with developments in the overall media environment, our relationships with media devices, and the quality of the media themselves. Those developments point to the increasing emotionality of the media world and its infrastructures. Mapping the trajectories of technological development and impact that the newer media exert on human condition, our analysis touches upon various forms of emergent affect, emotion, and feeling in order to trace the histories and motivations of the sensitization of “the media things” as well as the redefinition of our affective and emotional experiences through technologies that themselves “feel.”
A realization theorem for sets of lengths in numerical monoids
Authors: Geroldinger Alfred , Schmid Wolfgang Alexander
Published: February 2018

We show that for every finite nonempty subset of

ℕ

≥
2

{\mathbb{N}_{\geq 2}}

there are a numerical monoid H and a squarefree element

a
∈
H

{a\in H}

whose set of lengths

𝖫
⁢

(
a
)

{\mathsf{L}(a)}

is equal to L.
CFD Simulation of Solid Suspension in a Stirred Reactor Driven by a Dual Punched Rigid-Flexible Impeller
Authors: Gu Deyin , Liu Zuohua , Qiu Facheng , Li Jun , Tao Changyuan , Wang Yundong
Published: February 2018

Solid suspension characteristics were predicted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation in a stirred tank driven by a dual rigid-flexible impeller and a dual punched rigid-flexible impeller. An Eulerian-Eulerian approach, standard k-ε turbulence model, and multiple reference frames (MRF) technique were employed to simulate the solid-liquid two-phase flow, turbulent flow, and impeller rotation in the stirred tank, respectively. The CFD results showed that dual punched rigid-flexible impeller could increase the axial velocity and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, and decrease the quantity of sediment solid particles compared with dual rigid-flexible impeller. Less impeller power was consumed by dual punched rigid-flexible impeller compared with dual rigid-flexible impeller at the same impeller speed. It was found that punched rigid-flexible impeller was more efficient in terms of solid suspension quality than dual rigid-flexible impeller at the same Pw. The simulated results for the axial solid concentration were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Lifestyle residents in Barcelona: a biographical perspective on linguistic repertoires, identity narrative and transnational mobility
Authors: Codó Eva
Published: February 2018

The popularization of lifestyle migration epitomizes the individualization of contemporary lives, and the centrality of travel and spatial relocation in people’s aspirational or real life projects. This article examines the processes of sociolinguistic relocation of “lifestylers” in the polylingual city of Barcelona through the lens of their embracing or rejection of Catalan, the non-state, local co-official language. It aims to decipher to what extent these individuals see Catalan as relevant to their transnational life experiences, and how this relevance is embedded in their relational-emotional experiences and evolving sense of self. This article, which examines two life stories gathered through ethnographic interviewing, is framed within biographical-experiential approaches to the multilingual repertoire. The analysis shows that by assembling different narrative bits and by examining in detail the small stories informants tell to ground their accounts, a complex picture of language (dis)appropriation emerges. It argues that national identity rhetoric is a discursive strategy deployed by narrators to partly make sense and partly rationalize what is a complex bundle of identity (re)constitution reasons, emotional stances and interpersonal power dynamics. The article concludes by arguing that presences or absences in people’s repertoire are embodied struggles for personal coherence.
An Integrated Intuitionistic Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS Approach to Evaluation of Outsource Manufacturers
Authors: Kahraman Cengiz , Öztayşi Başar , Çevik Onar Sezi
Published: February 2018

Outsourcing is the action of contracting a specific task, function, or process to an external company instead of using an organisation’s resources. The history of outsourcing goes back to the 1980s when it was used for cost reduction in non-core business operations. Over time, outsourcing has moved to more strategic areas and has become an important factor in business performance. The selection of the best alternative among alternative outsource manufacturers is a multi-criteria decision-making problem. In this study, the fuzzy set theory is used to capture the uncertainty embedded into the decision problem. In this paper, an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution-based methodology is proposed, and an application is provided for the evaluation of outsource manufacturers.
Transitivizing-detransitivizing typology and language family history
Authors: Grünthal Riho , Nichols Johanna
Published: February 2018

The transitivizing/detransitivizing typology of Nichols et al. 2004 also proves useful to historical linguistics. We focus on language families of northern Eurasia, chiefly the three oldest families (Indo-European, Uralic, Nakh-Daghestanian), some of their daughter branches aged about 2000-3000 years, and one younger family for which we have data on enough daughters to support a family phylogeny (Tungusic). We use the 18-pair wordlist of Nichols et al. 2004, which typologizes each pair of verbs depending on which of the two is derived. We make some improvements in the coding of grammatical properties and the typologization of pairs. NeighborNet trees based on this information reveal family-wide linguistic geography and areal trends. Adding minimal information about the cognacy or non-cognacy of the roots of the wordlist items produces Neighbor- Net trees which approximate well the known phylogeny of the family. Thus very small closed data sets, collected originally for typology, yield rich information about language family history - strikingly, a mere 18 verbs (9 pairs), coded for morphological type and cognacy, yield a very good genealogical tree - while historical methods have also improved the typology.
Finding the best fit for direct and indirect causation: a typological study
Authors: Levshina Natalia
Published: February 2018

The contrast between direct and indirect causation is the most widely discussed semantic distinction in the literature on causative constructions. This distinction has been claimed to correlate with a number of formal parameters, such as formal distance, productivity and length, which are linked to different functional and diachronic explanations based on the principles of iconicity and economy. The present study tests these claims on a typologically representative sample of languages from 46 diverse families, examining four formal variables and their association with (in)directness of causation. According to the data, formal length displays the most pervasive association with the semantic distinction in question, which supports the economy-based explanation. In addition, the relative prominence of the other formal parameters depends on the type of causatives and their stage of grammaticalization.