bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por uma educação em valores na obra Emílio ou da educação de Jean Jacques Rousseau
Authors: Assunção Juliana Cristhina Murari , Da Silva Paulo Fraga , Da Assunção Marco Aurelio , Armindo Jacqueline Hartmann
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho busca refletir sobre as concepções éticas e pedagógicas do filósofo suíço Jean Jacques Rousseau, expostas na obra Emílio ou da educação. Nessa, apresenta-se a ideia de que todo ser humano nasce bom e puro por natureza. Contudo, ao entrar em contato com as influências sociais, seu coração se corrompe, tornando-se egoísta e invejoso. Uma vez degenerado, os homens abandonam suas potencialidades morais, ou seja, perdem a habilidade original de serem virtuosos; em contrapartida, os atos prejudiciais entre semelhantes se tornam frequentes. Sendo o retorno ao “Estado de Natureza” impossível, Rousseau enxerga na educação, uma maneira de modificar esse cenário destrutivo. Desse modo, os ensinamentos ministrados para as crianças, teriam como objetivo principal, afastá-las dos vícios, mantendo seus corações bondosos e genuínos. A fim de cumprir esse propósito, a criança deveria ser educada desde cedo, por um preceptor, longe da cidade; pois a sociedade e as pessoas mais velhas, são vistas como já corrompidas e só prejudicariam o desenvolvimento moral da criança. Nesta escola o professor aplicaria o que Rousseau denominou de “pedagogia negativa”, o que significa, que não se deve ensinar conteúdos abstratos e difíceis para a criança, cabe ao mestre, apenas permitir que a criança se desenvolva longe dos vícios, próxima à natureza, aprendendo com o uso dos seus cinco sentidos. Aos 12 anos ele estaria pronto para regressar à vida em sociedade, onde não seria possível se corromper, pois seu coração e espírito estariam fortes e suas virtudes completamente desenvolvidas.
2015 Mülteci Krizi Sonrası Ege Denizi’nde Göçün Güvenlikleştirilmesi: Yunanistan’ın Ulusal Göç ve Ulusal Entegre Politikaları
Authors: Kızılkan Can
Published: December 2023

Mart 2015'te doruğa ulaşan ve halen devam eden Suriye meselesi, Avrupa ülkelerine mülteci akışına neden olmuş- bu da mevcut olan Avrupa göç krizini şiddetlendirmiştir. Bu göç sorununda Yunanistan'ın ulusal göç politikasının güvenlikleştirilme perspektifiyle eski politikalarına nazaran değişime uğradığı görülmektedir. Yunanistan, Ege Denizi’nden gelen göç akınına karşı faklı göç ve entegrasyon politikası belirlemektedir. Yunanistan tarafından krizin yönetilmesi için uygulanan kamp noktaları, göçmen kayıtları, sınır kontrolü ve Meriç bölgesine çit inşası gibi önlemler, mülteci akışlarını hızlı bir şekilde ele alma girişimi olarak görülmektedir. Çalışmanın temel sorusu; 2015 yılı sonrası mülteci krizi ile Yunanistan’ın göç ve entegrasyon politikaları değişime uğramış mıdır? Yunanistan’ın son dönem ulusal entegrasyonu nedir? Yunanistan’ın son dönem ulusal göç politikası nedir? Yunanistan’ın göç ve güvenlik bağlamında yeni (2020’den itibaren) Ulusal Entegrasyon Politikası nedir? Çalışmada kavramsal çerçevede Yunanca kaynakça ile güvenlik ve göç, mülteci vb. kavramları tanımlanacak, kuramsal çerçevede Kopenhag Okulu’nun öngördüğü güvenlikleştirme yaklaşımına değinilecektir. Göçe dayalı güvenlikleştirme yaklaşımında Yunanistan’ın Göç ve Mülteci olgusu ele alınacaktır. Çalışma bağlamında önemle vurgulanacak temel husus Yunanistan’ın göç terimini güvenlikleştirmesiyle ulusal göç ve entegrasyon politikalarının değişime uğradığıdır. Öte yandan, Yunanistan, ulusal sınırlarını ve ulusal güvenliğini Avrupa Birliği ile entegre etmek arzusunda Avrupalılaşma bağlamında göç politikalarını revize ettiği çalışmada ele alınan önemli konulardan biridir. Bu çalışmada Ege Denizi üzerinden gelen göçlerin Yunanistan’daki ilk duraklarında yaşananlar özellikle Midilli adası, yani Moria Kampı ve Yunanistan’ın 2015 yılı mülteci krizi sonrası göç politikası üzerine güvenlikleştirme algısının açıklanması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, yetkili makamlara Yunanistan’ın son dönem göç algısını güvenlikleştirme çerçevesinde incelenen araştırma ile gösterebilmektir.
Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Tank Sınıfının Gelişimi: Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Börekçi Hüseyin
Published: December 2023

Birinci Dünya Savaşında siperlere mahkûm olan Avrupa Cephesinde savaşa yeniden hareket kazandırabilmek için üretilen çözümlerden birisi, belki de en önemlisi tankın icadıdır. Tank; başlangıçta piyadenin yardımcısı ve makineli tüfek ateşinden korunacak kadar zırha sahip bir platform olarak tasarlanmasına rağmen, savaşlar arası dönemdeki düşünsel boyutta kaleme alınan eserlerin de katkısı ile yıldırım harbinin ana unsuru ve düşmanın üzerine manevra yapan temel eleman haline gelmiştir. Savaş kavramında, konvansiyonel anlayıştan, konvansiyonel olmayan yöntemleri de ihtiva eden hibrit savaşa evrilmeyle beraber tanklara karşı tehditlerin daha belirgin hale gelmesi, tankın varlığını ve gerekliliğini sorgulanmaya açmış ve Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı ile bu sorgulama daha da artmıştır. Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşında tankın doktrine uygun olmayan kullanımları, tank sınıfının varlığını sorgulatmış olmakla beraber, doğru kullanılan tank birlikleri, kullanan tarafa kuvvet çarpanı olmaya devam etmektedir. Geleceğin muharebe ortamında tankların üretilmeye devam edilmesinin yanı sıra insansız kara araçlarının (İKA) da gelişim sağlayacağı gerçeğinden yola çıkarak bu iki platformun birlikte veya ayrı kullanımı üzerine konsept ve doktrin çalışmaları yapılacağını söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Tank ve İKA bağlamında süreç nasıl gelişirse gelişsin, insan karar verici olarak var olmaya devam edecektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de tank sınıfının gelişiminden yola çıkarak Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşına bir değerlendirme sunabilmek ve tank sınıfının geleceği hakkında muhtemel gelişmeleri aktarabilmektir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için tematik doküman analizi yöntemiyle incelemeler yapılmıştır.
KBRN Kiti Dağıtım Ağı Tasarımı Optimizasyonu İçin Eş Zamanlı Topla Dağıt Araç Rotalama Problemi Yaklaşımı
Authors: Altundaş Aygün , Kurtay Kemal Gürol , Dağıstanlı Hakan Ayhan
Published: December 2023

Günümüzde teknolojik gelişmelerin hızla ilerlemesi ve küreselleşmenin etkisiyle devletler karmaşık güvenlik tehditleriyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Özellikle Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyolojik ve Nükleer (KBRN) olaylarının terörizmle birleşmesi, uluslararası güvenlik açısından büyük bir endişe kaynağı haline gelmektedir. Terör örgütleri, geleneksel taktikler yerine KBRN unsurlarını kullanma potansiyeline sahip olduğundan uluslararası topluluklar yeni zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadır. Terör örgütlerinin bu materyalleri kullanma niyeti ve tehdidi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Acil durum planları, güvenlik güçlerinin yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi ve bilgi paylaşımı KBRN olayları ile mücadelede kritik öneme sahiptir. Aynı zamanda bu tür maddelere maruz kalma riski taşıyan kişilerin erken teşhisi için sağlık kontrol sistemlerinin etkin bir şekilde çalıştırılması ve tedavi süreçlerinin hızlandırılması da hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, erken teşhiste en önemli faktör olan test kitlerinin eş zamanlı toplanması ve dağıtılması incelenmiştir. Testlerin bulunduğu ana merkezden Ankara ilinde bulunan hastanelere test kiti dağıtımının ve aynı zamanda burada sonuçlandırılmak için bekleyen test kitlerinin toplanmasının gerçekleştirilmesi için matematiksel bir model önerisi yapılmıştır. İncelenen problemin çözümü için literatürde eş zamanlı topla dağıt araç rotalama problemi olarak adlandırılan model kullanılarak uygulamadaki problem için model önerisinde bulunulmuştur. Önerilen modelin etkinlik ve sınırlılığını analiz etmek amacıyla farklı sayıda düğümden oluşan örneklerle duyarlılık analizi yapılmıştır. Daha sonrasında olası bir KBRN saldırısına karşı savunma için Ankara ilinin her ilçesinde test kiti toplama ve dağıtım rotası oluşturmaya yönelik oluşturulan senaryo ile uygulama yapılmış ardından model çözülmüştür. Modelin sınırlılığı incelendiğinde farklı düğüm sayılarında matematiksel model ile 35 düğüme kadar optimal çözüme ulaşılmış, daha büyük boyuttaki problemler için matematiksel modelin uygun çözüm zamanlarında sonuç vermediği belirlenmiştir. Örnek uygulama da ise Ankara ilinin tüm ilçeleri için hastaneleri ziyaret edecek araçların minimum maliyetli rotaları oluşturulmuş ve elde edilen çözümler sunulmuştur.
İki Dünya Savaşı Arasında Türk-Sovyet İlişkileri
Authors: Ayaz Adil
Published: December 2023

Geçmişte çeşitli zaman dilimlerinde değişkenlik göstermiş olan ancak günümüzde devletler arasında olumlu yönde seyrettiği görülen Türkiye ile Rusya arasındaki ilişkilerin gelecekte nasıl şekillenebileceği sorusuna cevap arayışlarına yeni bakış açıları kazandıracak perspektiflerin ortaya konulması zarureti, bu makalenin kaleme alınmasının gerekçesini oluşturmuştur.
Makalede, metot olarak eleştirel literatür araştırması kullanılmış ve Türkiye ile Rusya arasındaki ilişkiler, ilişkilerde değişkenliğin hâkim olduğu 1918 ile 1939 yılları arasındaki dönemle sınırlandırılmıştır. Anılan döneme giriş teşkil etmek üzere ilk olarak I. Dünya Savaşı’nın başlangıcından Mondros Mütarekesi’ne kadar Türk-Rus İlişkileri (1914-1918) incelenmiş; ardından, zaman içinde ilişkilerde meydan gelen değişimi ve nedenlerini tespit etmek maksadıyla, sonraki yılları kapsayan Türk-Sovyet ilişkileri ise Kararsızlık Dönemi (1918-1923), İşbirliği ve Karşılıklı Güven Dönemi (1923-1936), Geçici İşbirliğinden Kopuş Dönemi (1936-1939) olmak üzere üç zaman dilimi halinde değerlendirilmiştir.
Geçmişte Türk-Rus ilişkilerinde meydana gelen olumlu veya olumsuz yönde değişim ve nedenleri tespit edildikten sonra, sonuç bölümünde, söz konusu tespitlerden istifade ile günümüzdeki Türk-Rus ilişkilerinin gelecekte alabileceği şekil tahayyül edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Governance ribelle: califfato e confederalismo democratico nella guerra civile siriana
Authors: Molteni Daniele
Published: December 2023

The civil war in Syria, whichbroke out in 2011, saw the emergence of two alternative political projects facing the nation-state with revolutionary ideologies and aspirations for territorial control over large areas. On the one hand, the Caliphate project of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS); on the other, the Democratic Confederalism project of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). This paper aims to analyse these alternative social orders, often defined as natural enemies, inside the framework of rebel governance, moving beyond the description of civil wars as a state of chaos and the exclusive state-centric discourse on governance. Initially, the concept of rebel governance is defined underlining its implications; secondly, the ideological foundations, the administrative, economic, and legal structures of the projects are discussed. The last section focuses on their similarities, differences and their power-ideology trade off in the context of their regional and international relations.
Recensione. Fulvio Bertuccelli, Il movimento socialista in Turchia (1960–1971). Ideologia e politica tra due colpi di stato, Roma, Aracne, 2023.
Authors: Mazzucotelli Francesco
Published: December 2023

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DIVERSITY OF β-GLUCURONIDASE AMONG THE MICROBIOME OF HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PCOS PATIENTS
Authors: MUCCEE F , RAZZAQ F , IQBAL R , RAFIQUE F , AMJAD A , NASIR QUA
Published: December 2023

PCOS is a heterogeneous disorder caused by reproductive and immuno-metabolic abnormalities. It is accompanied by dysbiosis of the human gut microbial community. Bacterial enzyme β-glucuronidase (GUSB) performs deglucuronidation of conjugated estrogen, resulting in abnormal conc. of this hormone in females and PCOS incidence. Present study was initiated to characterize the GUSB enzyme in bacteria associated with the gut of healthy and PCOS individuals. Enzyme sequences from ten bacteria were retrieved from the UniProt database and characterized by CELLO, Protparam, SOPMA, AlphaFold, and HDOCK tools. Analysis revealed the localization of enzymes in periplasm and cytoplasm in most bacteria and, in addition to this, the outer membrane only in B. intestinalis. PCOS-associated enzymes were alkaline, with high thermostability and in-vitro stability compared to healthy gut bacterial enzymes. Secondary (2D) and tertiary (3D) structures were comparable in enzymes of both these groups. The affinity of GUSB was higher for catechin in PCOS-associated bacteria than bacteria found in a healthy gut. Hence, catechin can be an effective ligand for inhibiting the GUSB enzyme in PCOS patients.
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SEDATIVE ON CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS
Authors: GUL A , GUL R , HAROON M , KHAN J , AJMAL F , KHAN HS , KHAN S
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to assess the psychological effects experienced by patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Following ethical approval, the study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey at Bahria International Hospital ICU between January 2022 and December 2022. The inclusion criteria required patients to be over 18 years of age, have stayed in the ICU for at least 24 hours, be aware during the assessment, and provide informed consent for research participation. Patients who failed to complete the assessment or were transferred out of the ICU were excluded from the study. The data was analyzed using a non-probability sampling technique and the SPSS-24 version. A chi-square value of less than 0.5 was considered significant. The data from a total of 161 patients was evaluated. Of these, 72 patients (44%) were diagnosed with depression, while 89 patients (55.2%) had medical cases. Males outnumbered females, with 94 (58%) male patients and 67 (42%) female patients. 26 patients (17%) had a hospital stay of over 2 weeks, compared to 135 (83%) who were discharged within 2 weeks. One hundred fifty-one patients (93%) did not show signs of anxiety, while 10 (6%) tested positive. Nine patients tested positive for amnesia, while 152 did not. One hundred fifty-five patients (96%) reported no hallucinations, while 6 patients (4%) believed they had experienced hallucinations. Seventy-four patients (46%) tested negative for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while 87 patients (54%) claimed to experience PTSD. Of the ICU admissions, 89 (55%) were due to medical cases, while 27 (16.7%) were surgical. The study highlights the need for implementing a bedside screening instrument and physician approval to improve the identification and early detection of psychological effects in critically ill ICU patients. The first step towards preventing and developing a future ICU free from psychological effects is identifying the incidence and risk factors associated with such impacts. The complex psychosocial impacts experienced by critically ill ICU patients require more attention and research.
Ocena zagrożenia pracowników promieniowaniem nadfioletowym z wykorzystaniem modelu mobilnego systemu pomiarowego
Authors:   Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Pawlak Andrzej
Published: December 2023

W artykule zaprezentowano opracowany w Centralnym Instytucie Ochrony Pracy – Państwowym Instytucie Badawczym (CIOP-PIB) model mobilnego systemu pomiarowego do oceny zagrożenia pracowników promieniowaniem nadfioletowym (UV) na stanowiskach pracy. Omówiono jego konstrukcję oraz aplikację, za pomocą której steruje się przebiegiem pomiaru. Przedstawiono w skrócie metodykę badań promieniowania UV na stanowiskach pracy oraz przytoczono wyniki z porównania wskazań mobilnego system pomiarowego z profesjonalnym radiometrem na wybranych stanowiskach pracy
Program wspomagający ocenę narażenia zawodowego na hałas przy zastosowaniu strategii pomiarowej uwzględniającej podział na czynności wykonywane przez pracownika
Authors:   Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Makarewicz Grzegorz , Zawieska Wiktor M. ,   Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: December 2023

Hałas w środowisku pracy wciąż jest jednym z dominujących czynników szkodliwych lub uciążliwych oddziałujących na człowieka. Niezależnie od metod eliminacji hałasu istotną kwestią jest możliwość szybkiej oceny narażenia na hałas w miejscu pracy zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami. Czasochłonność tego procesu zależy m.in. od sposobu realizacji czynności prowadzonych w ciągu dnia pracy oraz zastosowanej strategii pomiarowej. Niekiedy przeprowadzenie oceny narażenia wymaga wykonania nie tylko pomiarów, lecz także dodatkowych złożonych obliczeń. Coraz większą rolę w tym zakresie odgrywa internet, w którego zasobach pojawiają się programy wspomagające wymienione operacje. Przykładem takiego programu jest przedstawiony w artykule skrypt wspomagający ocenę narażenia na hałas na stanowisku pracy przy zastosowaniu strategii pomiarowej z podziałem na czynności, które pracownik wykonuje w ramach swojej pracy. Program wyznacza wartości redukcji poziomów hałasu i czasu narażenia w odniesieniu do każdej czynności prowadzącej do osiągnięcia wartości dziennego poziomu ekspozycji na hałas zgodnego z obowiązującymi przepisami.
Criminal liability of legal entities according to Danish law
Authors: Федоров А.В.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена законодательству Дании об уголовной ответственности юридических лиц. Рассматриваются вопросы формирования и развития датского законодательства об ответственности юридических лиц. Отмечается, что нормы, устанавливающие ответственность юридических лиц, включены в Уголовный кодекс Дании в 1996 году. До этого уголовная ответственность юридических лиц устанавливалась более чем 200 законами, содержащими уголовно-правовые нормы. В настоящее время уголовная ответственность юридических лиц предусмотрена в Дании как национальным Уголовным кодексом, так и иными законами и сопоставимыми с ними актами. Уголовная ответственность юридических лиц в Дании рассматривается как применение к юридическому лицу уголовных санкций за совершение уголовно наказуемых деяний. Субъектом уголовной ответственности признаются юридические лица частного и публичного права. Они могут быть привлечены к уголовной ответственности в случае совершения любых преступлений, предусмотренных Уголовным кодексом Дании, а также отдельных преступлений, предусмотренных другими законами и иными актами, сопоставимыми с законами. Рассмотрены условия привлечения к уголовной ответственности юридических лиц, вопросы последовательности привлечения к ответственности физических и юридических лиц за преступное деяние, применяемые к юридическим лицам санкции – штраф и конфискация, а также возможность роспуска (ликвидации) юридического лица. Приведен уголовно-процессуальный порядок привлечения к ответственности юридических лиц.

The article is devoted to the Danish legislation on the criminal liability of legal entities. The issues of formation and development of Danish legislation on liability of legal entities are considered. It is noted that the rules establishing the liability of legal entities were included in the Danish Criminal Code in 1996. Prior to this, more than 200 laws containing criminal law norms established the criminal liability of legal entities. Currently, the criminal liability of legal persons is provided for in Denmark both by the national Penal Code and other laws and acts comparable to them. The criminal liability of legal persons in Denmark is considered as the application of criminal sanctions to a legal person for committing criminal acts. Legal entities of private and public law are recognized as the subject of criminal liability. They can be prosecuted for any crimes under the Danish Penal Code, as well as individual crimes under other laws and other acts comparable to the laws. The conditions for bringing legal entities to criminal responsibility, the issues of the sequence of bringing individuals and legal entities to responsibility for a criminal act, the sanctions applied to legal entities – a fine and confiscation, as well as the possibility of dissolution (liquidation) of a legal entity, are considered. The criminal procedural procedure for bringing legal entities to responsibility is given.
The classification of defects in the improper organization of medical activities and the quality of medical care
Authors: Колоколов А.В.
Published: December 2023

В статье отмечено, что в современном российском законодательстве и научном сообществе до сих пор нет единого подхода к пониманию дефектов медицинской помощи и их классификации, отсутствуют специальные критерии для квалификации дефектов оказания медицинской помощи. Автором проанализированы различные классификации ненадлежащего оказания медицинской помощи. В статье представлена авторская классификация дефектов ненадлежащей организации медицинской деятельности и качества оказания медицинской помощи на основе триады индикаторов качества Аведиса Донабедиана, охватывающих все составляющие медицинской деятельности, которая позволит в дальнейшем выработать единые подходы к юридической классификации ненадлежащего оказания медицинской помощи в целях определения юридической природы конкретного фактического обстоятельства и установления его юридического значения, единообразного правового толкования правовых последствий, правильного установления меры ответственности каждого медицинского работника.

The article notes that in modern Russian legislation and the scientific community there is still no single approach to understanding the defects in medical care and their classification, there are no special criteria for qualifying defects in the provision of medical care. The author analyzed various classifications of improper medical care. The article presents the author's classification of defects in the improper organization of medical activities and the quality of medical care based on the triad of quality indicators by Avedis Donabedian, covering all components of medical activity, which will allow in the future to develop uniform approaches to the legal classification of improper provision of medical care in order to determine the legal nature of a particular factual circumstance and establish its legal significance, a uniform legal interpretation of legal consequences, and the correct establishment of the measure of responsibility of each medical worker.
Issues of transparency and efficiency of the court's consideration of the materials of the preliminary investigation
Authors: Сабельфельд Т.Ю.
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируется установленный в настоящее время процессуальный порядок рассмотрения судом материалов следствия о получении согласия на проведение процессуальных действий, ограничивающих конституционные права граждан, на стадии предварительного расследования; рассматривается его эффективность и проблемные вопросы при рассмотрении таких материалов. Исследуются задачи сохранения тайны следствия, а также вопросы оперативного рассмотрения судом таких материалов и их процессуальное оформление.

The article analyzes the currently established procedural procedure for consideration by the court of investigation materials on obtaining consent to conduct procedural actions restricting the constitutional rights of citizens at the stage of preliminary investigation; its effectiveness and problematic issues are considered when considering such materials. The tasks of preserving the secrecy of the investigation, as well as the issues of prompt consideration by the court of such materials and their procedural design are investigated.
THE STATUS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE'S EXPECTATIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSING AND PUBLIC AREAS
Authors: YILMAZ Yelda , DİNÇER Rumeysa , AKKAYA Nurhalime , ARTAN Doç. Dr. Taner
Published: December 2023

Many problems come to the fore with urbanization, urban transformation, and the increasing elderly population. For urbanization to be realized by taking the elderly population into account, the opinions of the elderly should be considered. This research aims to focus on the approaches of the elderly to the phenomenon of urbanization. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 participants with a semi-structured interview form. Socio-demographic data were analyzed with IBM SPSS 26. In order to support the findings, the prominent statements of the participants were directly quoted. Considering the prominent findings according to the analyzes made, it is seen that the participants need help in terms of transportation, the availability of places to socialize, neighborly relations, and the existing physical conditions of the houses. As a result of the study, suggestions were presented to academicians, field workers, researchers, and local governments working in the field of aging.
SOCIAL CONDITIONS OF DISABLED INDIVIDUALS IN THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY AND SOCIAL SERVICES: ACCESSIBILITY, HEALTH AND SAFETY
Authors: ASLANTAŞ Selin , ÖZMEN Nebile , TEPE Serap
Published: December 2023

One of the foremost factors that integrate individuals into both life and society is undeniably the realm of employment. When considering disabled individuals, the working environment not only becomes a social right but also emerges as a primary means of participation in social life. Regular employment in a structured job is a crucial step in social inclusion for disabled individuals. The social conditions of the work environment, along with occupational health and safety considerations, are imperative for achieving positive outcomes in employment. In the literature, the requirements for the adaptation of disabled individuals to the work environment are largely addressed within the scope of "vocational rehabilitation for the disabled." However, a holistic examination of the subject reveals that the adaptation of disabled individuals to the work environment, both physically and socially, transcends this concept and encompasses multidimensional aspects. This study employs a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on perspectives from social work and occupational health and safety, to assess the current state of adaptation of disabled individuals to the work environment in terms of health and safety. The research aims to identify the existing conditions and explore the challenges faced by disabled individuals in this regard, while also investigating potential solutions. Through the research findings, the challenges encountered by disabled individuals in terms of health, safety, and social adaptation in work environments have been categorized. The causes of these challenges have been identified, and recommendations for solutions have been proposed. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the integration of disabled individuals into the workforce by offering insights from both social work and occupational health and safety perspectives in a comprehensive and multidimensional manner.
Pengaruh Penerapan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan
Authors: Ghina Kemala Dewi  , Ashar Basyir
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the influence of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, board of commissioners, audit committee and the simultaneous influence of Good Corporate Governance indicators on the financial performance of Bank Raya Indonesia. The type of data used is quantitative data and the data used in this research is secondary data in the form of annual financial reports obtained through IDX and the official Bank Raya Indonesia website. The collection technique uses documentation studies. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques using data processing tools, namely SPSS. The results of this research are that managerial ownership in good corporate governance partially has no effect on the company's financial performance with the test results showing a significance value of 0.115 or greater than 0.05. Institutional ownership of good corporate governance partially has no effect on the company's financial performance with the test results showing a significance value of 0.811 or greater than 0.05. The independent board of commissioners on good corporate governance partially has no effect on the company's financial performance with the test results showing a significance value of 0.354 or greater than 0.05. The audit committee on good corporate governance partially influences the company's financial performance with the test results showing a significance value of 0.008 or less than 0.05. Managerial ownership, institutional ownership, independent board of commissioners and audit committee on good corporate governance simultaneously influence the financial performance of Bank Raya Indonesia, the significance result is 0.006 < 0.05 and obtains a ftable value of 6.39, which means fcount ≥ ftable, namely 20.318 ≥ 6.39.
Antifungal Potential of Propolis Extract Against Candida Albicans: Literature Review
Authors: Soerjanto Olivia Maheswari , Endraswari Pepy Dwi , Purba Abdul Khairul Rizki
Published: December 2023

The increasing rate of Candida resistance against pharmacological drugs has become a particular focus in the medical world, especially considering the high mortality rate due to systemic infections caused by Candida. It is evident that the urgency of developing alternative medicines applies for potential natural ingredients like propolis. This literature review aims to discuss the antifungal effectiveness of propolis against C. albicans which is described by the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) values from the test results. The search for relevant literature was conducted using the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases using the keywords "Propolis AND MIC AND MFC AND Candida albicans". There were nine articles that had been adjusted to the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the PICOS Framework. The propolis in the article uses various solvents with various extraction methods, and various antifungal tests are carried out on standardized and clinical isolates of C. albicans. All the reviewed articles consistently support the finding that propolis has a strong ability to inhibit the growth and kill the pathogenic fungus C. albicans. The lowest MIC value found was 0.06 μg/mL, and the MFC value was 0.121 μg/mL. Propolis has potential as an ingredient that can be further developed as a non-pharmacological therapy for pathogenic fungal infections.
O Subimperialismo no Oriente Médio
Authors: Katz Claudio
Published: December 2023

Três países da região atendem às características do sub-imperialismo. São economias intermediárias que implantam ações militares e relações contraditórias com os Estados Unidos. Eles não são substitutos dos atores globais e têm raízes de longa data. O conceito se aplica à Turquia. Ela esclarece seu expansionismo externo, as ambiguidades em relação a Washington e ao autoritarismo de Erdogan. Ela também lança luz sobre as aventuras externas da Turquia e a perseguição dos curdos. O acúmulo de aluguéis, as aventuras bélicas e as ambições dos monarcas estão levando a Arábia Saudita ao sub-imperialismo. Mas a teocracia encuba reações internas explosivas e enfrenta resultados militares adversos. A eventual reconstituição do status sub-imperial do Irã combina com um novo tom defensivo de tensões com os EUA. As disputas entre sub-impérios mudam o status de todos os competidores.
Explaining the main world trends. Review of Carlos Eduardo Martins’book, Dependency, Neoliberalism and Globalization in Latin America
Authors: Serrano Ferreira Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2023

Review of Carlos Eduardo Martins’book, Dependency, Neoliberalism and Globalization in Latin America, published by Brill and Haymarket books, 2020.
La Vigencia del Legado de Norman Girvan para América Latina y el Caribe: La Teoría de la Dependencia en el Caribe
Authors: Garcia Maribel Aponte
Published: December 2023

Homenaje a Norman Girvan destacando su contribuición para la teoria de la dependencia y para el analisis del Caribe
Lembranças de Darcy Ribeiro
Authors: Souza Wanderley de
Published: December 2023

Depoimento sobre Darcy Ribeiro
Mais-Valia Extraordinária e Acumulação de Capital
Authors: Marini Ruy Mauro
Published: December 2023

Tradução ao português de artigo clássico de Ruy Mauro Marini, publicado em 1979, na revistas Cuardenos Políticos , número 20, México, D. F., editorial Era, abril-junho de 1979, p. 18-39
Dependência estrutural e reprimarização da América Latina: aportes de Ruy Mauro Marini
Authors: Sawaya Rubens Rogério
Published: December 2023

O processo de industrialização dos países da América Latina com capital transnacional implicou em complexas relações de dependência com relação às economias centrais. Torna a dependência estrutural. Implica em que os países que lograram se industrializar passaram a integram o processo de acumulação mundial de capital dominado pelo capital transnacional de forma subordinada, como local de extração constante de valor excedente produzido, transferido para os países centrais. Marini demonstra como esse processo se materializa no ciclo de acumulação capitalista, de um lado, na dependência de importação de máquinas, equipamentos, tecnologia e conhecimento; de outro pela concentração de valor nas mãos das corporações transnacionais que detém o controle dos nódulos centrais das cadeias de valor, via filiais localizadas na periferia ou não, portanto têm poder de se apropriar de valor criado na cadeia produtiva da periferia. O artigo busca relacionar como essa dependência estrutural, a partir das contradições dinâmicas que cria para a acumulação na periferia, com a adoção do neoliberalismo a partir dos anos 1990 que acaba por desindustrializar a periferia.
Ruy Mauro Marini y los Estudios Latinoamericanos
Authors: Millan Margara
Published: December 2023

Homenagem a biografia e obra de Ruy Mauro Marini
Sobre Dialética da Dependência, o Capital e o Impulso Imperialista do Capitalismo
Authors: Higginbottom Andy
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho busca desenvolver e sistematizar os avanços que Ruy Mauro Marini apresentou em relação as análises de Karl Marx de O Capital sobre as formas de exploração que o Capital emprega para obter a mais-valia. O conceito de superexploração do trabalho articula no plano teórico os aspectos históricos que Marx não vinculou aos aspectos mais gerais de sua teoria da mais-valia. O texto defende que o conceito formulado por Marini deve dar lugar a uma nova forma de mais-valia, e propõe a categoria de mais-valia relacional para adequar os aspectos abstratos da teoria de mais-valia de Marx aos processos históricos do capitalismo que ele mesmo apontou e reconheceu.
Marini e o Estado de Contrainsurgência: uma alternativa ao conceito de fascismo dependente
Authors: Beltrão Gabriel Magalhães , Silva Adriano Nascimento
Published: December 2023

RESUMO: Durante as décadas de 1960 e 1970 a América Latina (AL) foi acometida por dezenas de golpes de Estado que suplantaram as frágeis democracias existentes, instalando regimes políticos de exceção. As ditaduras emergentes tinham como traço constitutivo a violência sistemática contra seus opositores, além de operarem mudanças significativas no padrão de reprodução do capitalismo dependente da região. A caracterização desses regimes políticos despertou uma fecunda divergência no seio dos intelectuais marxistas e progressistas da AL, inclusive entre os autores da Teoria Marxista da Dependência. Neste artigo serão apresentadas as propostas analíticas por eles levantadas, com especial destaque à proposta de Marini em torno do Estado de contrainsurgência, alternativa ao uso do conceito de fascismo dependente.
O Brasil e a integração da América do Sul: o subimperialismo em perspectiva histórica
Authors: Vidigal Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2023

O conceito de subimperialismo de Ruy Mauro Marini ocupa lugar marginal na academia, mesmo em cursos de ciências sociais e áreas afins. A subárea de História das Relações Internacionais pode contribuir para ampliar a compreensão do conceito, como formulado por Marini e analisado por Mathias Seibel Luce, em sua aplicação a determinados períodos da história das relações internacionais do Brasil. A integração regional à época da política externa independente, no governo do general-presidente Castelo Branco, no contexto da criação do Mercosul e sob os governos Lula (2003-2010) foram os períodos utilizados para se avaliar em medida o conceito pode ser aplicado em diferentes contextos. Foram identificadas linhas de continuidade que sustentaram o uso conceito nesses períodos, tendo como contraponto a condição semiperiférica do Brasil e os projetos brasileiros (ou conjuntos) de integração regional.
Ruy Mauro Marini e a Dialética do Capitalismo Contemporâneo
Authors: Martins Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo analisamos criticamente a obra de Marini, tomando em consideração os conceitos de superexploração do trabalho e subimperialismo, sua evolução na obra do autor e os principais debates que se estabeleceram sobre eles para avaliar sua pertinência e avançar no desenvolvimento da teoria marxista da dependência, Destacamos ainda as leituras do autor sobre o imperialismo e sua aproximação das análises do sistema-mundo para delimitar os marcos e estratégias da luta pelo socialismo
CHARACTERIZATION OF CIMMYT BREAD WHEAT GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE TO YELLOW RUST AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Authors: MELIEV S
Published: December 2023

One of the major tasks faced by wheat breeders in Uzbekistan is to enhance wheat genotypes’ adaptability to soil and other environmental conditions and improve the grain quality, making the country self-sufficient in wheat grains and later becoming an exporter. Better results are achievable using the world wheat collection, including the CIMMYT germplasm. Determination of the positive correlation of physiological traits of new wheat cultivars, the importance of physiological indicators of water balance with productivity, and the vital role of these indicators in productivity level were the chief concerns. The timely study evaluated heat resilience, rust resistance, and grain yield in bread wheat genotypes. Bread wheat germplasm obtained from CIMMYT with a background of artificial infection of yellow rust incurred scrutiny for their rust resistance. A 15% incidence was detectable in seven genotypes; however, necrosis quickly formed around the symptoms of the disease in plant leaves, preventing its further development. Resistant wheat accessions, i.e., 1088, 1164 (R), 1006, and 1251 (MR), occurred as moderately resistant, showing high leaf area and grain yield. The average value of the genotypes was low, mainly due to the two rust-resistant samples, and the 1000-grain weight was 34.8 g and 34.6 g, respectively, and the grains per spike and grain yield were lower than the average. The chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, relative water content, flag leaf area, and production traits of the genotypes К-1088 and К-1164 gained assessment, revealed to be physiologically effective under the field conditions of Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Quantitative indicators of the productivity of these wheat genotypes indicated positive differentiation. Selection ensued for promising accessions to develop initial sources for producing the wheat genotypes with rust resistance and high grain yield under the environmental conditions of Uzbekistan.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS’ INFLUENCE ON THE DIAMONDBACK MOTH (PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA L.) POPULATION DYNAMICS ON CRUCIFEROUS CROPS
Authors: BAIBUSSENOV K.
Published: December 2023

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the most severe pests for cruciferous crops. Its widespread distribution and the ability to submissive migration led to an unexpected enhancement in its population, thereby obscuring the control measures aimed at this phytophagous. The presented study sought to determine the expansion of diamondback moth in cruciferous crops (rapeseed, mustard) in two agroclimatic zones of Northern Kazakhstan (Zone I: moderately humid and warm; Zone II: slightly humid and moderately warm). Analysis of population dynamics ran for the long-term during 2012–2022 based on bioecological patterns of the diamondback moth and factors affecting them. Numerical variables of population density and abundance indices served as diagnostic predictors for characterizing the phase state of the pest in a given period and, therefore, recognizing the population dynamics pattern of the diamondback moth. Based on the results, the biological regularity of the stage inception of the phytophagous abundance dynamics does not always persevere, and variations occur with the sway of environmental factors. Hence, the abundance dynamics of diamondback moth depend upon the weather conditions of the previous and current year, as well as, on the accomplishment of the extent of chemical treatment and its regulations. The obtained data can be criteria for predicting the phase state of diamondback moth populations in the agroclimatic zones of northern Kazakhstan to justify and plan protective measures, as well as, to improve phytosanitary control.
FLORAL PHENOLOGY AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THREE COMMERCIALLY GROWN COFFEA SPECIES
Authors: DANI
Published: December 2023

Coffea arabica, C. canephora, and C. liberica’s coexistence in one location or proximity areas could promote interspecific pollination. However, information related to floral phenology and flower structure of these three coffee species is insufficient. This research aimed to identify the divergence of flowering phenology and flower morphometrics among C. arabica, C. canephora, and C. liberica. Flowering phenology observations continued daily from July to October 2020, extending to two locations of parapatric populations of three coffee species. Flower morphometric measurements ensued at the peak period of flowering. The results showed some co-anthesis periods among the three coffee species, with C. liberica starting to flower early. Moreover, C. liberica var liberica had the broadest flower diameter and the highest petal number, whereas the tetraploid C. arabica had the lowest. Consequences of flowering phenology and flower structure on a pre-zygotic barrier of spontaneous, as well as, controlled interspecific hybridization among the three coffee species were the discussion focus.
COMPARISONS OF ANATOMICAL TRAITS IN DIFFERENT LEAF POSITIONS OF DIVERSE SETS OF SUGARCANE GENOTYPES
Authors: WIANGWISET K.
Published: December 2023

Research on appropriate leaf positions in diverse sugarcane genotypes is crucial due to the significance of leaf anatomical characteristics in determining plant adaptability. This study aimed to compare the anatomical traits among the varied leaf positions within a tiller and tillers under normal conditions. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) setup used four replications. Four commercial canes, two wild types, and three F1 interspecific hybrids underwent examination on leaf thickness (LT), cuticle thickness percentage (CT%), vertical length bulliform cell percentage (VBC%), and stomatal crypt depth percentage (SCD%) across 1st to 5th leaf positions on main, first, and second tillers. The 1st to 5th leaf positions had no differences when compared within the tiller in commercial and wild cultivars for LT, CT%, VBC%, and SCD% traits, and F1 hybrids demonstrated no variation in CT% and VBC% traits. The LT, SCD, and CT of commercial canes had a high proportion, and VBC had a slender shape and a large size. Inversely, the wild type had a low LT but high SCD and CT and a circular shape with a small size VBC. Leaf anatomy in the F1 hybrid resembled the wild type, and leaf positions 1st to 3rd were not different among tillers, but the 4th and 5th leaf positions differed. Therefore, anatomical trait collection should continue among 1st to 3rd leaf positions for all sugarcane types. Moreover, the 1st to 3rd leaf positions within the 1st and 2nd tillers can represent the anatomical performance of the main tiller in commercial cane cultivars
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATED BREEDING VALUES FOR SELECTING SUITABLE PARENTAL GENOTYPES IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)
Authors: KHATUN M.
Published: December 2023

Appropriate parental selection is the breeder’s main concern to exploit the highest genetic diversity and generate superior genotypes for subsequent breeding programs. Hence, the presented investigation proceeded to evaluate 353 breeding lines of rice at three breeding zones (Rajshahi, Cumilla, and Gazipur) in Bangladesh in replicated yield trials during the Boro season of 2018–2019 to identify the best genotypes and utilize them as parental materials. Data recorded on 12 yield-related traits helped to determine the best breeding lines with higher predicted breeding values. The first five principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5) represented more than 70% (75.1%) contribution to the variability of the data. Three hundred fifty-three rice genotypes incurred distribution into five clusters over three environments. Clusters I, II, III, IV, and V comprised 66, 51, 83, 79, and 74 genotypes, respectively. Based on estimated breeding values (EBVs), IR107971-B-B RGA-B RGA-202 showed the highest value (0.395), followed by IR 108000-B-B-B-B-13 (0.329), IR 103309-B-B RGA-B RGA-194 (0.321), IR 107982-B-41-1-2-1 (0.291), IRRI 174 (0.264), and IR 107976-B-B RGA-B RGA-254 (0.234). The lowest EBV (0.022) appeared in IR103309-B-B RGA-B RGA- 204 among the top 20 genotypes. Both IR 103309-B-B RGA-B RGA-194 (0.321) and IR 107982-B-41- 1-2-1 (0.291) could benefit as parents for further breeding programs having higher EBVs and higher genetic diversity.
INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE TOOLS ON AGROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF MEADOW-BOGGY SOIL AND RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: KULTASOV B.SH.
Published: December 2023

Zonal technology treatment of the soil system for rice cultivation comprised various operations carried out with tillage equipment types in the Kyzylorda Region, Kazakhstan. With the region's agriculture sector having a low technical base, the performance of these operations is mostly meager, which does not justify itself in the modern conditions of the agro-industrial complex‟s functioning. The presented studies sought to determine the influence of different tillage tools on the soil‟s plowing quality, agrophysical properties, and rice productivity, carried out at the Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Rice Growing, named after I. Zhakhaev, Kazakhstan. The study observed the use of a “Lemken Juwel-7 reversible plough” contributed to achieving a ridge ratio of 1.09 due to the uniform size and shape of the layers. The reversible plough provided the smallest area occupied by clods bigger than 5 cm (0.16 m2). Notably, fall-plowed soil disking, mineral fertilizers' incorporation, followed by soil rolling under rice with the BDM-„Agro‟ disk harrow and the Horsch Terrano 4 FX cultivator positively affected the structural and aggregate composition of the soil before rice planting. Using the Lemken Juwel 7 reversible plough and the Horsch Terrano 4 FX cultivator in the meadow-boggy soil treatment system contributed an average increase of 0.71 t/ha in rice yield under the environmental conditions of Kyzylorda Region, Kazakhstan. Employing these tillage units makes obtaining the maximum amount of agrotechnical soil fractions possible, positively affecting the field germination of seeds and rice grain yield.
ORGANIC FERTILIZER LIBRO AND GROWTH RETARDANT ROLE IN PHENOTYPIC AND BIOCHEMICAL TRAITS OF BERMUDA GRASS (CYNODON DACTYLON L.)
Authors: KHALEEL R.S.A.
Published: December 2023

The prevailing study aimed to determine the effects of organic fertilizer Libro with four concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3 ml L-1) and the growth retardant Cultar with three concentrations (0, 0.03, and 0.05 mg L-1) on Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.) in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), carried out in 2022 at the University of Anbar, Iraq. The results revealed that the treatment of plants with organic fertilizer Libro at a concentration of 3 ml L-1 led to a significant increase in most of the vegetative growth characteristics represented by the plant density rate, nitrogen, phosphorus, color degree, and the degree of trampling tolerance 2.500, respectively. The treatment with a growth retardant represented by Cultar reduced cutting times to 2.000.